bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismic Inversion Techniques and Attribute Analysis for Accurate Well Placement in Offshore Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria
Authors: W. Moukassa Tanguy , E. Asedegbega Jerome , A. Adekola Solomon , Nwakanma Alexander
Published: August 2024

Before this study, simple methods like seismic attribute analysis have often been used for reservoir characterization with successes however, there is still the need to reduce exploration uncertainty to a negligible level and boost investors’ confidence. This study integrated seismic inversion with seismic attribute analysis to better characterize the reservoirs in MTW Field in deep-offshore Niger Delta Basin. Five (5) wells with complete suite of petrophysical logs, three-Dimensional (3-D) seismic data, checkshot and other well information were used. The well data were thoroughly quality checked, reservoirs were litho-stratigraphically delineated and used for petrophysical analysis across the wells. This was followed by seismic-to- well-tie, seismic interpretation, and seismic attribute analysis (Root Mean Square-RMS) generated using depth surface maps. 3-D static reservoir model and volumetric evaluation were carried out. Petrophysical properties were derived and distributed across the 3-D static model using sequential gaussian simulation algorithm to ascertain shale volume spread across the model. To improve the seismic resolution and reduce interpretation uncertainty at greater depth, model- based post-stack seismic inversion was performed to obtain acoustic impedance cube. Litho-stratigraphic and petrophysical analysis result revealed five reservoir sands (A, B, C, D, and E). Reservoir-A was seen to be more viable with a thickness of 13.42 m, high effective porosity of 27%, permeability of 3187.53 mD, low water saturation of 34% and low shale volume of 11% which are indication good reservoir quality and producibility. The seismic interpretation revealed thirty-one (31) growth and antithetic faults oriented in the NE-SW and NW-SE directions, respectively. The RMS result revealed high amplitude reflectivity which is a measure of zone of interest. Based on this, seven (7) prospects and three (3) leads were identified. The seismic inversion result shows a high level of accuracy with a correlation coefficient of 0.997; 0.997; 0.995; and 0.996 in MTW-001, MTW-003ST1, MTW-004ST1 and MTW-005 wells, respectively. The acoustic impedance successfully resolved and improved on the resolution of the seismic stacking velocity especially at reservoir layers and at depth deeper than 3600 ms. Acoustic impedance as a layer property has improved on the lateral and vertical resolutions of the data beyond what the usual seismic interval velocity could image thus, validating some of the prospects and leads identified in this study. This demonstrated that uncertainty can be reduced by a blend of RMS and seismic inversion in identifying reservoir for accurate placement of wells. It is therefore recommended that E and P operators should adopt the technique in their future hydrocarbon exploration endeavor in frontier and matured basins.
An Instructional Design for Maker Education Courses in Teacher Preparation Programs
Authors: Cohen Jonathan D. , Martin Leigh , Ziegler Luke
Published: August 2024

Maker-based education holds promise as a method to support students’ development of essential skills and content knowledge across the curriculum. Over a five-year period, the authors developed and iterated on an experiential instructional design specifically designed to afford educators with diverse academic backgrounds and divergent career goals not only the opportunity to learn about maker-based teaching and learning but also to experience a maker-based learning environment. This design case begins by outlining the challenges the designers faced. Then, it describes in detail the instructional design and concludes with reflections on the process, which have informed us as a team of designers.
Setting a Better Default: Designing a Welcome Academy for New Faculty Centered on Inclusive Teaching in Engineering
Authors: Goodman Katherine , Johnson Heather , Darbeheshti Maryam , Altman Tom , Mays David
Published: August 2024

This design case describes a Welcome Academy for New Faculty in Engineering. To situate the design, this work is mo- tivated by the documented need to make STEM education more inclusive. This need has prompted extensive research on best practices for inclusive teaching, but less is known about how to translate that research into actual teaching practice. This design case addresses that difficulty. Influenced by Thaler and Sunstein’s theory of nudging, the Welcome Academy resets the default to expect inclusive teaching. To develop the design, we organized an off-campus summit to solicit input from current engineering faculty on the question, “What do new engineering faculty need to know about diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI)?” That input guided the creation of a four-hour workshop, delivered the morning after campus-wide new faculty orientation, that included an icebreaker, basic campus demographics, curated DEI-related resources, a campus tour emphasizing historical power dy- namics, and presentations by current engineering students. To depict the experience of the design, we describe the final implementation, which varied from the design at points, and the unanimously positive feedback from new faculty. That feedback, however, was not the result of a flawless implementation: We also describe a number of failures that will improve subsequent iterations of the Welcome Academy, emphasizing the importance of communication, respect, and flexibility.
15 to 5 weeks: Right-Sizing an Undergraduate Educational Technology Course
Authors: Herring Watson Jessica , Gish-Lieberman Jackie
Published: August 2024

This design case describes the thought processes associated with redesigning an educational technology course for undergraduate preservice teachers from a 15-week hybrid course to a 5-week online course. The redesign is part of a push to create more flexible courses for working and rural students to remain competitive despite multiple alternative licensure paths now available to aspiring teachers. The designers face and overcome challenges regarding right-sizing the course content and assignments while maintaining student engagement. Additionally, the designers discuss how they streamlined the course without sacrificing standards or critical and relevant topics, like AI in education. The case details the development of the online course within the learning management system (LMS; Google Classroom) and the design questions that emerge during that process. The redesigned 5-week course was tested through two iterations in the 2023 summer semester: Summer 1 and Summer 2. The designers collected student feedback after both runs of the course using the standard course evaluation survey, their own Google Forms survey, and the instructor’s reflections. The feedback from Summer 1 informed the Summer 2 iteration. Finally, the designers observed that the experience of condensing the course from 15 weeks to 5 weeks required them to think critically about the course goals and how to make the content manageable for students. The redesign was so successful that the course instructor (also a design case author) determined to redesign the 15-week version of the course for Fall 2023 using the new 5-week design as an anchoring point.
The Effect Of Financial Performance And Firm Size On Firm Value (Case Study of Banking Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2020)
Authors: Rahima Adevia Yulia , Muid Dul
Published: August 2024

The goal of this study is to determine the correlation between Non-Performing Loans (NPL), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Return on Assets (ROA), and Firm Size to Firm Value in the banking sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018–2020. An IDX-listed banking company for the years 2018 to 2020 serves as the study's sample. Using the SPSS Release 23 application, multiple linear regression is used as the analytic method. The findings of this study suggest that Return on Asset (ROA) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) substantially impact firm value. Otherwise, Non-Performing Loans (NPL) and Firm Size have little impact on the firm value.
Supporting New Teachers. The Finnish and Israeli Mentoring Models
Authors: Nowakowska-Siuta Renata
Published: August 2024

In this article, we will have a closer look at two models of teacher mentoring, which for many years have been successfully operating in two culturally different countries: Finland and Israel. Following the methodology of comparative research according to Raymond Boudon, I will identify and briefly characterise the main social mechanisms, which lie behind the particular approach to mentoring in the two analysed models: Self-Determination Theory and Work Motivation (Israel) and Peer Group Mentoring (Finland), including the axiological-rational prerequisites for their application.
Nierówność płci w wychowaniu i resocjalizacji młodzieży w perspektywie badań przedstawicieli oświaty, resocjalizacji i pracy socjalnej
Authors: Kacała Karolina
Published: August 2024

My interest in issues of social inequality, in particular gender inequality, as well as my desire to understand the gender differences I observed in the causes of girls’ placement in the Youth Education Centre, contributed to my research and this follow-up article. Studies have been carried out as qualitative research. The researcher, applying an instruction manual, interviewed eight representatives of education, resocialization, and social work. The interviews concerned social inequality and the situation of contemporary youth. The main research problem was the question of how representatives of education, resocialization, and social work perceive girls’ and boys’ behaviour and correction applied to them due to gender? Analysis and interpretation of the interviewees’ opinions indicated a meaning of the internalized gender image. Moreover, the research can help realize that the disproportionately high number of women working in education, resocialization, and social issues has an impact on the reproduction of cultural patterns and social standards, which further consolidates gender inequality.
Zakazana samodzielność poznawcza: kształcenie początkowe pod przymusem rozumowania zapożyczonego
Authors: Klus-Stańska Dorota
Published: August 2024

The article contains an analysis of the empirical material created during the internship of students’, future primary school teachers, as a result of their observations, followed by team analysis and gathering in portfolios. Observations were conducted for 6 weeks in 30 different schools, lasting 120 hours (60 hours of lessons typical for initial grades and 60 hours of English lessons). Fragments from portfolios devoted to the teaching methods that children are exposed to were selected for the study. Interpretive analysis of documents helped to indicate a very low status of pupils’ cognitive independence, blocking creative thinking, and preventing peer learning. The strength and persistence of this teaching model creates the risk of developing a habit of waiting for guidance on how to think and leading to a permanent inability to reason beyond that borrowed from others.
Uniwersytecka srebrna edukacja: teoria, praktyka, perspektywy
Authors: Kromolicka Barbara , Kozłowa Oxana
Published: August 2024

One of the tasks carried out for this particular mission of the university is continuing education, which aims to permanently educate people throughout their lives so as, to improve their competences and skills in coping with a changing reality. Education for seniors is part of the ongoing process of lifelong education (LLL) and plays an important role today. Universities if the third age are a developing proposal for activating seniors as part of continuing education. The article presents an educational activity for seniors of the Szczecin Humanities University for Seniors.
Mit uniwersalnej biblioteki i idea definitywnej książki: konteksty i kontrowersje
Authors: Melosik Zbyszko
Published: August 2024

The article is aimed at describing two examples of man’s dream about totality. In the introduction, the author considers the concept of a universal library and definitive book. The first part includes an analysis of various existential conceptions of total library, and first of all, Borgesian, presented in his famous text “Library of Babel” as well as his concept of Aleph as a universal point with its access to the whole reality. Also, the catastrophic idea of a universal library created by Kurt Lasswitz is presented. The second part of the article is devoted to the concept of a definitive book. Here the famous text written by Borges “The Book of Sand” is considered. Besides the author presents the idea of universality included in the Enlightenment encyclopedias as well as the scientific Biblia project developed by Novalis. In the last part of the article, a comparison is made between the physical library and the virtual library.
Edukacyjny wymiar biografii Innych, czyli czego uczy „Roman” Polańskiego?
Authors: Jakubowski Witold
Published: August 2024

The aim of this article is to point out the educational potential of biographies of Others. Published and presented in the form of feature films and documentaries, biographies allow today’s cultural participant to “enter the world” of other people, to learn about their dramas and lived trajectories of life. “The other” here is the “bearer” of experience, who provides the viewer, in his or her biographical story, with a certain knowledge of life. Biography can be treated as a text and interpreted as such. A particularly interesting theoretical interpretation to explain the educational dimension of biography is Hans Georg Gadamer’s proposed model of hermeneutic interpretation of the text. The field of analysis in the article became the biography of Roman Polanski.
„Grafika komputerowa” – nauczyciel i uczeń w cyfrowym świecie obrazów. Notatki pedagogiczne
Authors: Materne Agnieszka
Published: August 2024

In the era of visual culture, the reception and creation of images becomes an inseparable element of everyday life. Unfortunately, as research shows, both students and teachers suffer from a shortage of skills related to the creation of graphic messages legible in the form (aesthetic) and content. Despite the hypertectuality of the young generation, they also appear as digital immigration as defined by Prensky.In this paper, I focus on indicating the theoretical and historical foundations of computer graphics and its types, i.e. raster and vector graphics. In school practice, both of these graphic areas are poorly understood and often used inadequately (or not at all, e.g. vector graphics) for didactic needs. Getting to know the graphic software and its capacities will allow both teachers and students to function adequately to the digital times and will sensitize them to the possible visual manipulation of reality, i.e. presenting lies as truth, half-truth or “true facts” that often cause extreme emotional reactions.
Efficient Unsupervised Community Search with Pre-Trained Graph Transformer
Authors: Wang Jianwei , Wang Kai , Lin Xuemin , Zhang Wenjie , Zhang Ying
Published: August 2024

Community search has aroused widespread interest in the past decades. Among existing solutions, the learning-based models exhibit outstanding performance in terms of accuracy by leveraging labels to 1) train the model for community score learning, and 2) select the optimal threshold for community identification. However, labeled data are not always available in real-world scenarios. To address this notable limitation of learning-based models, we propose a pre-trained graph
Trans
former based community search framework that uses
Zero
label (i.e., unsupervised), termed
TransZero. TransZero
has two key phases, i.e., the offline pre-training phase and the online search phase. Specifically, in the offline pre-training phase, we design an efficient and effective community search graph transformer (
CSGphormer
) to learn node representation. To pre-train
CSGphormer
without the usage of labels, we introduce two self-supervised losses, i.e., personalization loss and link loss, motivated by the inherent uniqueness of node and graph topology, respectively. In the online search phase, with the representation learned by the pre-trained
CSGphormer
, we compute the community score without using labels by measuring the similarity of representations between the query nodes and the nodes in the graph. To free the framework from the usage of a label-based threshold, we define a new function named expected score gain to guide the community identification process. Furthermore, we propose two efficient and effective algorithms for the community identification process that run without the usage of labels. Extensive experiments over 10 public datasets illustrate the superior performance of
TransZero
regarding both accuracy and efficiency.
Breaking It Down: An In-Depth Study of Index Advisors
Authors: Zhou Wei , Lin Chen , Zhou Xuanhe , Li Guoliang
Published: August 2024

Index advisors aim to improve workload performance by judiciously selecting an appropriate set of indexes. Various heuristic-based and learning-based methods have been proposed. However, there lacks a comprehensive assessment of existing index advisors, i.e., their advantages, limitations, and application scenarios. In this work, we conduct an in-depth study of existing index advisors in five key aspects. First, we initiate an end-to-end analysis, i.e., a completed analysis throughout the entire workflow of index advisors. We decompose index advisors into three essential building blocks, establish a taxonomy to classify methods used in each block, and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of these methods. Second, we develop a unified open-source testbed, implementing seventeen index advisors across eleven open-source or real-world datasets. We enable customizable configurations to meet diverse testing requirements. Third, we conduct an extensive assessment of index advisors across database systems in various scenarios. We evaluate their adaptability and robustness, identifying practical application scenarios. Fourth, we undertake a fine-grained ablation study by investigating variants of each building block. We identify effective variants and pinpoint significant factors impacting index advisors' performance via explainable machine-learning techniques. Lastly, we consolidate our findings that could shed light on research directions to advance the future development of index advisors.
CohortNet: Empowering Cohort Discovery for Interpretable Healthcare Analytics
Authors: Cai Qingpeng , Zheng Kaiping , Jagadish H. V. , Ooi Beng Chin , Yip James
Published: August 2024

Cohort studies are of significant importance in the field of healthcare analytics. However, existing methods typically involve manual, labor-intensive, and expert-driven pattern definitions or rely on simplistic clustering techniques that lack medical relevance. Automating cohort studies with interpretable patterns has great potential to facilitate healthcare analytics and data management but remains an unmet need in prior research efforts. In this paper, we present a cohort auto-discovery framework for interpretable healthcare analytics. It focuses on the effective identification, representation, and exploitation of cohorts characterized by medically meaningful patterns. In the framework, we propose CohortNet, a core model that can learn fine-grained patient representations by separately processing each feature, considering both individual feature trends and feature interactions at each time step. Subsequently, it employs K-Means in an adaptive manner to classify each feature into distinct states and a heuristic cohort exploration strategy to effectively discover substantial cohorts with concrete patterns. For each identified cohort, it learns comprehensive cohort representations with credible evidence through associated patient retrieval. Ultimately, given a new patient, CohortNet can leverage relevant cohorts with distinguished importance which can provide a more holistic understanding of the patient's conditions. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate that it consistently outperforms state-of-the-art approaches, resulting in improvements in AUC-PR scores ranging from 2.8% to 4.1%, and offers interpretable insights from diverse perspectives in a top-down fashion.
Efficient Parallel D-Core Decomposition at Scale
Authors: Luo Wensheng , Fang Yixiang , Lin Chunxu , Zhou Yingli
Published: August 2024

Directed graphs are prevalent in social networks, web networks, and communication networks. A well-known concept of the directed graph is the D-core, or (
k, l
)-core, which is the maximal subgraph in which each vertex has an in-degree not less than
k
and an out-degree not less than
l.
Computing the non-empty D-cores for all possible values of
k
and
l
, a.k.a. D-core decomposition, has found versatile applications spanning social network analysis, community search, and graph visualization. However, existing algorithms of D-core decomposition suffer from efficiency and scalability issues on large graphs, because serial peeling-based algorithms are limited by single-core utilization, while skyline coreness-based methods exhibit notably high time complexity. To tackle these issues, in this paper, we propose efficient parallel algorithms for D-core decomposition by leveraging the computational prowess of multicore CPUs. Specifically, we first propose a novel algorithm that computes the D-cores for each possible
k
value, by exploiting an implicit level-by-level vertex removal strategy, which not only diminishes dependencies between vertices but also maintains a time complexity akin to that of sequential algorithms. We further develop an advanced algorithm by introducing a novel concept of D-shell, which allows us to curtail redundant computations by reducing the necessary
k
values when computing corresponding D-cores, and deriving D-cores with larger
k
values from the D-cores currently computed based on D-shell. Extensive experiments on ten real-world large graphs show that our algorithms are highly efficient and scalable, and the advanced algorithm is up to two orders of magnitude faster than the state-of-the-art parallel decomposition algorithm with 32 threads.
Computational analysis of nanoparticles and waste discharge concentration past a rotating sphere with Lorentz forces
Authors: Nimmy Pullare , Obalalu Adebowale Martins , Nagaraja Kallur Venkat , Madhukesh Javali Kotresh , Khan Umair , Ishak Anuar , Sriram Devanathan , Hussain Syed Modassir , Kumar Raman , Abed Ahmed M.
Published: August 2024

As industries rely more and more on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) systems for different uses in power, production, and management of the environment, it becomes essential to optimize these operations. The study seeks to improve the effectiveness and productivity of cooling structures, chemical reaction reactors, and contaminant control methods by investigating these intricate interconnections. Because of this, the work scrutinizes the endothermic/exothermic (EN/EX) chemical processes, convective boundary conditions, and pollutant concentration impacts on MHD nanofluid circulation around a rotating sphere. The governing equations based on the above assumptions are reduced into a system of ordinary differential equations and solved numerically with Runge–Kutta Fehlberg’s fourth- and fifth- order schemes. The obtained numerical outcomes from the numerical scheme are presented with the aid of graphs, and the results show that the rate of mass transfer decreases with an increase in the external pollutant local source and solid volume percentage. For changes in the values of the activation energy parameter and solid fraction, the rate of thermal dispersion drops for the EN case and upsurges for the EX case. The concentration profile shows increment with the addition of the external pollutant source variation parameter and local pollutant external source parameter. The outcomes of the present work can be helpful in cooling equipment, developing advanced methods for controlling pollution, environmental management, MHD generators, and various industrial contexts.
English Medium Instruction or Exploitative Models of Income? International students’ experiences of EMI by default at an Australian university
Authors: Steele Carly , Tankosić Ana , Dovchin Sender
Published: August 2024

International education is Australia’s largest services export, and third largest export altogether, generating between $22 billion and $40 billion per year over the last few years. Higher education represents half of this ‘market’ with over 25 % of students being from overseas. Despite the important role that international students play in the fabric of Australian society and specifically in higher education, the findings from our linguistic ethnographic study of international students at an Australian university showed that the English language learning needs of these students were frequently unmet. Using James Scott’s theory of official and hidden transcripts, we reveal that students reported feeling that their “English is not good enough” and assumed personal ‘(ir)responsibility’ for this outcome. In this broad English Medium Instruction (EMI) context, where English is not the first language, but it is used as the language of instruction and as the lingua franca amongst international students, English-dominant perspectives acted to marginalise international students, impacting their academic performance and confidence for social networking. In this paper, we describe the shifts in higher educational policy in Australia over the last few decades to provide context to the current neoliberal educational climate for international students. We draw on principles of social justice to examine the present-day system and argue that Australian universities need to shift from an EMI by default model to a genuine EMI offering.
Hepatotoxicity of nanomaterials: From mechanism to therapeutic strategy
Authors: Gao Chengtian , Wang Mingdong , Zheng Yali , Zhang Liang , He Jiawei , Liu Bosen , Lin Xinhua , Mao Jingsong , Wang Zhanxiang
Published: August 2024

Most nanoparticles are metabolized and accumulated in the liver; therefore, this review, based on most data collected from PubMed.gov between 2012 and 2023 with the keywords “nanomaterials induced hepatotoxicity,” aims to elucidate the mechanism of nanoparticles leading to liver injury and propose relevant strategies. We discuss the biomedical approaches and strategies for mitigating liver injury, including 1) principle and recommendation of material selection; 2) nanoparticle surface modulation; 3) strategies inspired by virus and other biological phenomenon; and 4) drug and other possible adjunctive strategies. The optimal design of nanomaterials and therapeutic strategies to attenuate hepatotoxicity is critical for the development of nanomedicine.
High-throughput digital imaging and detection of morpho-physiological traits in tomato plants under drought
Authors: Kovár Marek , Živčák Marek , Filaček Andrej , Jasenovská Lucia , Vukelić Igor , Panković Dejana , Bárek Viliam , Yang Xinghong , Brestič Marián
Published: August 2024

Advances in informatics, robotics, and imaging techniques make it possible to use state-of-the-art digital reconstruction technologies for high-throughput plant phenotyping (HTPP) affected by stress factors, as well as for the ontology of their structural and functional traits. Digital imaging of structural and functional features of the aboveground part of plants is non-destructive and plants can be monitored throughout their entire life cycle. In the experiment with tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.; cv. Gruzanski zlatni) grown in controlled environmental conditions and affected by gradual soil dehydration, we evaluated phenotypic traits and phenotypic plasticity by the PlantScreenTM platform using digital imaging of plant optical signals. In this study, 25 different morpho-physiological traits of the plant were evaluated during the precise control and monitoring of the water content in the soil. Different levels of plant water supply induced statistically significant differences in the formation of individual phenotypic traits. Several plant traits have been identified that are characterized by low variability in both well-hydrated and water-stressed conditions, as well as traits with high phenotypic plasticity. Geometric traits (especially Isotop, Round-2top, and Compside) showed a relatively low level of drought-induced phenotypic plasticity. However, functional and chemometric characteristics (ΔF/F′m, Rfd, Water-1, and ARI-1) showed the potential to exhibit rapid plasticity in water-stressed conditions. Our results confirmed that a high-throughput phenotyping methodology coupled with advanced statistical analysis tools can be successfully applied to characterize crop stress responses and identify traits associated with crop stress tolerance.
Sportliche Bewegung zwischen Verhaltens- und Kulturwissenschaft: von Perspektivität, Vorannahmen, Randbedingungen und intertheoretischen Bändern
Authors: Hossner Ernst-Joachim
Published: August 2024

Ausgehend von dem von Schürmann und Hossner (2012a, b) vorgeschlagenen Perspektivitätsansatz wird argumentiert, dass sich sportwissenschaftliche (Teil-)Disziplinen um die Identifikation von intertheoretischen Bändern bemühen mögen, die als Randbedingungen in die eigene Theoriebildung einzubeziehen sind. Unter Anerkennung der verhaltensorientiert-funktionalistischen Ausrichtung der Motorikwissenschaft wird zudem untersucht, ob die aktuelle Motoriktheorie mit ihrer Hervorhebung interner Prädiktionsprozesse eine ‚Andockstelle‘ bereithält, die im Spannungsfeld von Bedeutungszuschreibung und Bedeutungsvermitteltheit eine wechselseitig bereichernde Bezugnahme verhaltensbezogen-motorikwissenschaftlicher und anthropologisch-kulturwissenschaftlicher Perspektiven auf die menschliche Bewegung erlaubt.
Normativity without dualism: connecting the dots between natural and social sciences
Authors: De Brito Adriano Naves
Published: August 2024

The normative phenomenon is ubiquitous in human interactions, emerging in a wide range of fields studied by social science and considered as one of the essential traits of human’s way of life. The modern subjectivist tradition of social science has been based on a model in which elements like self, freedom and reason play the most relevant roles in explaining normativity by connecting beliefs to behaviors by means of motives that are non-reducible to preferences, desires or impulses. In this paper I will discuss normativity in general in order to turn into normativity as it is conceived in social science and then with a focus on normativity based on reasons. I will argue in favor of a naturalistic approach to normativity by means of a defense of a concept of will, which can provide a bridge between social and natural science, rather than giving further reason to sustain a dualistic approach to them. Moreover, I will claim that mental qualities usually alleged to be essential for assigning personality, agency, and moral responsibility, such as rationality, self-consciousness, and freedom, are neither sufficient nor necessary for a naturalistic characterization of moral agents, or for explaining normativity in human evaluative practices.
NATURALISMO, NORMATIVIDADE E A NATURALIZAÇÃO DA PRÁTICA CIENTÍFICA
Authors: Da Fonseca José Sérgio Duarte
Published: August 2024

Este artigo trata do problema de como entender a prática científica em termos naturalistas. Uma das dificuldades de tal tarefa é saber como integrar a prática científica, que é inerentemente normativa, no quadro anormativo do mundo natural que ela mesma constrói. Uma solução possível para este problema será explorada no artigo, que seria a adoção de uma perspectiva teórica, a qual chamarei de “naturalismo normativo”, onde a própria natureza é descrita como inerentemente normativa. Examinaremos o realismo agencial de Karen Barad e a abordagem enativista de Evan Thompson como dois modelos possíveis para este novo tipo de naturalismo. Após mostrar as limitações teóricas de ambos, descreverei, a partir da perspectiva a qual chamarei de “cognitivismo agencialmente forte”, que tipo de estrutura ontológica o mundo natural deveria ter para que a prática científica em particular, e os processos cognitivos em geral, possam ser plenamente naturalizados.
SOBRE A DIGNIDADE
Authors: Godoy Lilian
Published: August 2024

O objetivo do texto foi abordar o tema partindo dos conceitos de dignidade humana propostos por Pico della Mirandola, Immanuel Kant e Hans Jonas, buscando esboçar uma concepção ampliada de dignidade, sem a circunscrita qualificação de humana; visando expandir seus limites além do antropocentrismo, seguindo o trajeto sugerido por Jonas em distintos momentos de sua obra. Admite-se, porém, que, dado o seu caráter arriscado e ainda incipiente, talvez o empreendimento não tenha alcançado seu objetivo. Mesmo assim, com sua publicação, espera-se expor a ideia às críticas que possam aperfeiçoá-la ou, caso isso não seja possível, demonstrar a sua inviabilidade. O texto é, portanto, um convite aberto ao saudável exercício do debate filosófico.
DIMENSIONES DE LA ANTROPOLOGIA JONASIANA
Authors: Insaurralde Gabriel
Published: August 2024

A antropologia jonasiana parte das funções orgânicas do ser humano, como percepção, movimento e imaginação, para derivar delas as questões espirituais que foram moldadas em três objetos arcaicos: a ferramenta, a imagem eo túmulo. Deste modo, é possível conceituar o transanimal do ser humano, dentro de uma visão integradora do psicofísico, onde a subjetividade influencia decisivamente o corpóreo; um ser humano que ainda pertence ao reino animal, à ordem dos seres vivos e ao cosmos em geral.
NARRAÇÃO COMO META-GÊNERO
Authors: Do Nascimento Cláudio Reichert
Published: August 2024

O objetivo do presente texto é caracterizar a narração como meta-gênero em Paul Ricoeur, buscando apontar de que modo o campo do narrativo em geral exprime sua função na organização dos acontecimentos, das ações, em uma história narrada. Expor a noção de meta-gênero requer que se considere a narração como possuidora de uma historicidade própria, decorrente de um princípio formal de composição da trama narrativa, derivada do mythos de Aristóteles. Ademais, se entende que existam certos modos de composição próprios à narração, que constituem uma tradição de modelos narrativos. Para isso, apresento uma caracterização da função narrativa e, em seguida, exponho a tese acerca da hermenêutica da narração. Por fim, dou indicações sobre o locus da função “meta” da narração na hermenêutica do si, no conjunto de uma unidade analógica da ação.
PAUL RICOEUR E A EFETIVAÇÃO DA LIBERDADE: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Ghiggi Gomercindo , Oliveira Neiva Afonso , Amaral Fausto dos Santos
Published: August 2024

O artigo visa discutir o papel da educação na efetivação da liberdade no mundo contemporâneo, a partir de um suporte conceitual proveniente da filosofia de Paul Ricoeur. Em primeiro lugar, discute a ideia de descentração antropocêntrica e a dificuldade de se estabelecer uma adequada relação entre homem e natureza. Em seguida, concentra-se no tema da relação necessidade-liberdade e das dimensões éticas da liberdade, em diálogo com Ricoeur. Por fim, conclui que a partir da filosofia de Paul Ricoeur é possível levantar importantes questões para a compreensão da educação no tempo presente.
HERMENÊUTICA ENTRE FILOSOFIA E LITERATURA; FUNÇÕES ÉTICAS DA IMAGINAÇÃO
Authors: Rohden Luiz , De Jesus Valdinei Vicente
Published: August 2024

Partindo de uma suspeita, em geral negativa, que pesa sobre a imaginação, pretendemos, em primeiro lugar, aqui justificar a dignidade e a importância filosófica da imaginação na elaboração de textos literários. Em segundo lugar, vamos fundamentar algumas funções éticas que o texto literário comporta realizar e corporificar experimentos mentais sobre ideias, valores. E, por fim, atestar a contribuição impar que o jogo da imaginação exerce na solução dos hard cases da filosofia moral a partir de Ricoeur. Faremos isto, num primeiro momento, desenvolvendo pressupostos e implicações éticas oriundas da efetivação do jogo livre da imaginação na literatura. A seguir, explicitaremos algumas funções éticas da imaginação na filosofia moral em dois itens: inicialmente elucidaremos pressupostos e implicações éticas do uso da imaginação nos hard cases e, a seguir, ilustremos isso refletindo sobre um exemplo em Ricoeur. Ao final do texto, apresentamos indicações conclusivas acerca das funções éticas da imaginação.
O PERDÃO DIFÍCIL: RICOEUR SOBRE A RELAÇÃO ENTRE VINGANÇA, JUSTIÇA E RECONHECIMENTO
Authors: Gubert Paulo Gilberto
Published: August 2024

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar a inter-relação entre os conceitos de vingança, de justiça e de reconhecimento e investigar se é possível oferecer uma resposta à questão da vingança que não se circunscreva meramente ao justo; isto é, se o perdão pode contribuir para experiências de reconhecimento positivo, não obstante os inevitáveis conflitos do cotidiano social e político.
TEORIA CRÍTICA E A COSMOPOLITISMO. SER UM CIDADÃO DO MUNDO: ATÉ QUE PONTO PODEMOS LEVAR ESTA IDEIA?
Authors: Moura Julia
Published: August 2024

O artigo está contextualizado no âmbito do debate da filosofia política acerca do cosmopolitismo, isto é, de uma orientação politico-filosófica que considera que teorias de justiça devem ir além das fronteiras nacionais em suas abordagens. Propostas normativas liberais (tais como as de Thomas Pogge e Charles Beitz) recolocaram como foco central da preocupação com a justiça a esfera global e ocuparam o protagonismo dos debates no âmbito da filosofia política no final da década de noventa. Já no campo crítico-discursivo, o ideal cosmopolita foi tematizado de forma menos sistemática, com exceções, como Seyla Benhabib e Jurgen Habermas. Mais recentemente Brian Milstein (2015), efetua o resgate do ideal cosmopolita e estabelece de que forma a teoria crítica com um ponto de vista cosmopolita é central para se pensar possibilidades emancipatórias. Neste texto irei apresentar as principais discussões e desafios que as teorias cosmopolitas enfrentaram e demonstrarei os elementos centrais da proposta de Milstein tendo como objetivo central sustentar que o projeto cosmopolita não deve ser descartado, ao contrário, trata-se de perspectiva urgente para pensarmos os principais desafios de justiça de nosso tempo.
Considerações sobre igualdade e liberdade em Rawls e Habermas
Authors: Rouanet Luiz Paulo
Published: August 2024

Em trabalhos anteriores (ROUANET 2005, 2012), procurei destacar a complementaridade entre as teorias de John Rawls e Jürgen Habermas. Neste texto, porém, procurarei destacar um possível ponto de tensão entre ambas as teorias, o qual gira em torno das noções de igualdade e liberdade. Em outros termos, embora eu tenha até o momento preferido buscar uma síntese entre as teorias dos dois pensadores contemporâneos, neste momento gostaria de analisar a viabilidade dessa síntese, a partir da constatação da diferença entre ambos no que concerne à concepção desses dois conceitos. Para fazê-lo, procurarei tratar separadamente a maneira como os dois autores enfrentam essas duas noções – de igualdade e liberdade. Em seguida, procurarei analisar até que ponto as diferenças encontradas nas obras dos dois filósofos dificultam ou mesmo inviabilizam a “conciliação” entre suas respectivas teorias.
SPECULUM MAIUS: METAFÍSICA E TEOLOGIA EM UMA ENCICLOPÉDIA DO SÉCULO XIII
Authors: Storck Alfredo
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo pretende analisar o Speculum doutrinal de Vicente de Beauvais, destacando o modo como o autor busca assimilar materiais de origem árabe, especialmente no que diz respeito à divisão e classificação das ciências. Defenderemos que Vicente de Beauvais manterá em sua obra o espírito que animava as enciclopédias do século do século XII ao mesmo tempo em que recorrerá aos textos árabes para apresentar a estrutura do conhecimento humano. Como resultado, surgirá uma certa tensão entre a metafísica e a teologia como disciplinas supremas.
Definições Matemáticas e Naturais na Física de Alberto Magno
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Marco Aurélio
Published: August 2024

O presente trabalho pretende avaliar como as definições matemáticas são abordadas no comentário de Alberto Magno à Física de Aristóteles. Particularmente, procura-se distinguir definição natural de definição matemática. Em seguida, propomos uma interpretação segundo a qual Alberto estaria preocupado em conciliar dois níveis de definições matemáticas: uma definição genética, responsável pela construção dos objetos matemáticos na imaginação, e uma definição matemática propriamente dita, responsável pelas considerações universais dos geômetras.
NOTITIA INTUITIVA, NOTITIA ABSTRATIVA E HABITUS NA TEORIA DO CONHECIMENTO DE GUILHERME DE OCKHAM
Authors: Souza Laiza Rodrigues
Published: August 2024

A teoria do conhecimento desenvolvida por Guilherme de Ockham no século XIV traz uma importante distinção entre dois níveis de cognição: conhecimento intuitivo e conhecimento abstrativo. O conhecimento intuitivo ou notitia intuitiva tem uma relação de causalidade com os objetos do mundo extramental: os objetos são a causa do conhecimento intuitivo. Este conhecimento é aquele pelo qual pode-se afirmar que algo existe ou não existe; ele desempenha um papel central na epistemologia ockhamiana porque é destacado como a base de todo o conhecimento. O conhecimento abstrativo ou notitia abstrativa, por sua vez, diz respeito ao conhecimento inteligível dos objetos sensíveis que prescinde da existência ou não-existência do objeto. Apesar de todo o conhecimento derivar do conhecimento intuitivo, o conhecimento abstrativo não é imediatamente formado a partir da notitia intuitiva. Nesse sentido, nosso objetivo nessa comunicação é mostrar como se dá a passagem do conhecimento intuitivo para o conhecimento abstrativo através da teoria do habitus desenvolvida por Ockham. O pano de fundo dessa discussão é a noção essencial de que as etapas envolvidas no processo cognitivo do Venerabilis Inceptor, isto é, tanto o conhecimento intuitivo quanto o conhecimento abstrativo são atos mentais, de modo que o ato mental neste modelo é não somente o ponto de partida das operações intelectuais como também o produto final: o conceito. Assim, apresentaremos como as noções supracitadas se articulam na teoria cognitiva ockhamista.
QUANDO O FOGO NÃO QUEIMA, QUANDO A DECAPITAÇÃO NÃO MATA:CAUSALIDADE NO TAHAFUT AL-FALASIFA XVII, DE AL-GHAZALI
Authors: Verza Tadeu Mazzola
Published: August 2024

Este artigo aborda se a discussão XVII do Tahafut al-falasifa pode fornecer elementos para se obter qual seria a noção ghazaliana de causalidade apesar da natureza eminentemente disputativa da obra. O artigo sugere uma leitura do texto em que al-Ghazali, ao considerar haver dois sistemas alternativos de explicação da causalidade no mundo (o dos filósofos e o que incorpora uma noção forte de vontade divina), ambos não demonstrados, defenderia que a participação divina na relação entre causa e causado seria preferível à um necessitarismo estrito ou mitigado dos filósofos devido à possibilidade do milagre.
PRIMEROS ABORDAJES SOBRE LA PROERESES O ELIGENTIA EN LOS COMENTARIOS A LA ÉTICA A NICÓMACO ANTERIORES A 1250
Authors: Buffon Valeria Andrea
Published: August 2024

La primera recepción de la Ética a Nicómaco (1230-1250) encuentra varias discusiones teológicas en curso, entonces es fácil, interesante y hasta natural para los Maestros de Artes de la Universidad de París incluirlas en los debates sobre la interpretación literal de la Ética aristotélica. Por eso, ellos incluyen en sus desarrollos sobre la elección (proereses-eligentia, que también podemos traducir como “decisión”) una conexión inmediata con el libre albedrío, el cual no está considerado en la Ética. En este artículo presentaremos la discusión que ellos introduce sobre el libre albedrío, estableciendo una coherencia con los debates entre los maestros de teología.
Inferência da Melhor Explicação
Authors: Harman Gilbert
Published: August 2024

Pretendo mostrar que a indução enumerativa não deve, por si só, ser considerada uma forma garantida de inferência não-dedutiva. Eu afirmo que, nos casos em que uma inferência garantida aparentemente é um caso da indução enumerativa, a inferência deve ser descrita como um caso especial de outra forma de inferência, a qual eu denominarei “inferência da melhor explicação”.
A Formação Inicial do Pensamento de John Dewey
Authors: Gomes Thiago
Published: August 2024

O pensamento filosófico de Dewey pode ser dividido em três períodos. O primeiro corresponde ao período das publicações de seus primeiros artigos, ainda sob influência do transcendentalismo americano, até aproximadamente a publicação de Studies in Logical Theory. A segunda fase corresponde às duas décadas seguintes, período em que Dewey desenvolveu sua filosofia da educação, pela qual ele é mais conhecido, e seu pragmatismo instrumentalista. O início da terceira fase é demarcado pela publicação de Experience and Nature. Este artigo se concentra em apresentar as vicissitudes do pensamento de Dewey em sua primeira fase, um período pouco explorado de biografia filosófica do pragmatista americano. Nesse sentido, este artigo abrange o período histórico que corresponde à graduação de Dewey em filosofia na Universidade de Vermont e sua identificação com o hegelianismo e o transcendentalismo até seu afastamento do hegelianismo e a adoção da psicologia experimental como ferramenta capaz de abordar a complexidade da experiência humana.
A Psicologia entre o 'longo passado' e a 'curta história'
Authors: Miotto Marcio Luiz
Published: August 2024

O presente trabalho pretende inserir a História da Psicologia dentro de um debate mais alargado, em torno das Histórias da Filosofia e das Ciências. Para isso, o objeto de análise é a célebre frase de Ebbinghaus, 'A Psicologia tem um longo passado, mas uma curta história', e toda a tradição de livros e textbooks decorrente dela, muito popular nos séculos XX e XXI. O trabalho analisará o texto de Ebbinghaus e seus compromissos decorrentes. Então realizará uma crítica a essa tradição, em três frentes: primeiramente, trazendo à tona estudos mais recentes sobre Gustav Fechner, encarado como figura central na constituição da Psicologia como ciência, mas não obstante ignorado por seus compromissos 'especulativos'; em segundo lugar, confrontando tais questões com as perspectivas do século XX, especialmente a história epistemológica das ciências; finalmente, abrindo o 'longo passado' a uma história mais alargada, a partir de analistas mais contemporâneos que começaram a perscrutar o próprio termo 'Psicologia'.
Do desacordo ao paradoxo da autoridade: uma análise da concepção de serviço de autoridade à luz da teoria do “ponto-cego”, de R. Sorensen
Authors: Peres Ramiro de Ávila
Published: August 2024

A partir de uma revisão crítica da literatura, estuda-se um desafio do anarquismo filosófico à teoria da autoridade jurídica de J. Raz: seguir uma ordem de que se discorda seria irracional, pois equivaleria a agir contra o que se considera mais justificado. Utilizando referências atinentes à teoria da decisão e à epistemologia, além de exemplos sobre ferramentas de auxílio à tomada de decisão do cotidiano (como experts e programas), esboçamos duas possíveis respostas, que correspondem a duas concepções instrumentais distintas de autoridade: numa, é justificável para o agente colocar-se numa situação que o leve a agir de forma inconsistente com suas crenças – a ideia de “submeter-se à autoridade”, afim a uma “confiança cega”; noutra, utilizando a teoria dos “pontos-cegos”, delineiam-se restrições que uma teoria da racionalidade impõe à teoria da autoridade.