bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecological health assessment using Macroinvertebrate - based Index of Biotic Integrity (M-IBI): Case study Lake Gunung Putri, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ibrahim Aiman , Waluyo Agus , Imroatushshoolikhah  , Danurrahman Rizmi , Faisal Rapsanjani Mochammad , Sahidin Asep , Sudarso Jojok , Kurniawan Riky , Koosbandiah Surtikanti Hertien
Published: November 2023

Macroinvertebrate Index of Biotic Integrity (M-IBI) is one of the most widely used to assess the health of the aquatic ecosystem. However, few studies of M-IBI on the lake ecosystem. Lake Gunung Putri, which is one of the small lakes in Bogor Regency, West Java affected anthropogenic activities. We collected macroinvertebrates with an Ekman Grab sampler at five different sampling sites of Lake Gunung Putri in February – April 2019. Metric variability, sensitivity, redundancy, and responsiveness to environmental gradients were tested on 22 candidate metrics of properties of richness, taxonomic composition, tolerance, and functional feeding. The selected metrics were the number of taxa, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, percentage of dominant taxa, and Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP). Application of M-IBI in the Lake Gunung Putri ranged between 20 to 4 with represented criteria of good, fair, poor, and very poor condition.
Dolphin sighting throughout the pile-putting process in Makassar Bay, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Mujiyanto Mujiyanto , Wirawan Muhammad K. , Khalid Muhammad , Sugianti Yayuk , Syam Amran Ronny
Published: November 2023

This survey is part of the installation of Tripod Jackets in Makassar Bay, targeting the North Side, North Nubi and Jumelai, PT Pertamina Hulu Mahakam in East Kalimantan waters. This study aims to provide marine mammal observation to the JSN project. Expert help is essential because it complies with the International Maritime Organization MEPC.1/circ.833 rules. From 13th April to 2nd June 2021, observations were made using visual and passive acoustic methods (SQ26: H1 recorder). The visual observation focus was from 500 meters to 1000 meters. The team found that the dolphins that appeared were bottlenose, long-beaked, and dolphins were not identified. The highest prevalence was during the pilling of 12 dolphins at JML 1 site (after the GTS installation and adjustment). Long-beaked and unidentified dolphins were found in WPN 4 location. The dolphins seen were Tursiops species, while the turtles seen were green turtles. When watching dolphins, sightings occurred mainly at night. In the next task, the collection process, we want to discuss the process that produces a high sound on the water’s surface. We recommend using “early warning”. The warning will be done after the routine inventory, and we hope the staff can do it three times.
Imaging of Hydrodynamic Field Around Submerged Objects Regular Wave and Tsunami Conditions
Authors: Arifullah Arifullah , Pratama Nadri , Zein Ikramullah , Nazaruddin  , Tarmizi  , Ibrahim  , Benazir Benazir
Published: November 2023

Hydrodynamic particle movement under regular waves and tsunami wave are rarely studied due to its complicated sensors. This research is aimed at investigating flow fields around submerged structures due to regular waves and tsunami wave. A series of experiments were performed at Tsunami Flume Workshop Facility at Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC) of Universitas Syiah Kuala. The flume has 60 m in length, 2.5 m in width and 1.7 m in height. To model the both waves, a set of electrical paddle and sensors were placed at one end of the flume. This set of equipment is able to mimic any waveform model, in this case a regular wave with three scenarios and the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami wave scenario. A submerged structure was placed on the bed of the flume to model underwater structures. To capture the flow fields, we use a Laser Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) Camera made in Seika. During the experiment, the results showed different vortex field for both simulations, regular wave and tsunami, generated in front of the submerged structure. Regular wave flow has maximum velocities of 0.5 m/s, 0.7 m/s, 0.9 m/s in each paddle amplitude change scenario. The flow field produces an anticlockwise vortex around the pipe with differents pattern. Tsunami wave flow velocity during the maximum amplitude phase is about 0.25 m/s with a complex vortex field around the pipe, a combination of clockwise and anticlockwise. This could be interpreted as more chaotic hydrodynamic fields around the submerged structures under regular wave and tsunami conditions.
Seismic vulnerability of the Campus II Universitas Syiah Kuala
Authors: Asra Nadiatul , Fuhtra Saidinal , Muksin Umar , Haridhi Haekal Azief
Published: November 2023

Universitas Syiah Kuala (USK) is planning to develop a new campus (Campus II). The location of the study area is relatively close to the Seulimum fault which historically has generated a devastating earthquake. Therefore, a seismic vulnerability study is important to conduct in use for reference before the development. This study aims to determine the seismic vulnerability index in the Campus II development area of USK in Mesjid Raya District, Aceh Besar Regency using a Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method. Potential earthquake damage can be studied by analyzing the dominant frequency (f0), amplification (A0), seismic vulnerability (Kg), and Vs 30. The microtremor acquisition was carried out by using a Broadband seismometer with 100 sps at 37 measurement points with a distance of 500 meters for each station. We use the Geopsy software to analyze seismic data by applying Fourier transform and STA/LTA concept to Rayleigh waves and obtain the dominant frequency value. The 1D velocity inversion was derived by Dinver using the Neighborhood Algorithm (NA). The results of the analysis show that the dominant frequency value is higher around the STA17 point, while the amplification value and seismic vulnerability are highest in the north (at STA2 and STA3) and in the south (at STA28, STA29, and STA30). The higher amplification region is associated soft soil identified as alluvium (Qh). On the other hand, the 1D inversion results at a depth of 30 shows Vs values of 661.142 - 1106.31 m/s (at STA3 and STA17) which indicates the presence of bedrock, making it suitable for future development although more detail investigation is required.
Creating an ecosystem that enables acceleration of housing self-recovery in the post-disaster context
Authors: Soelaksono Arwin
Published: November 2023

During reconstruction, the recovery actors might overlook the connections between external and internal push factors. These factors can positively impact the processes to accelerate and produce long-term benefits beyond construction. Consequently, the ecosystem which should strengthen the self-recovery initiatives cannot be formed. Whereas, inside the ecosystem, the function of the market can be amplified by government policies and strategies. External push, such as using contractor companies and imposing deadlines, can speed up the reconstruction but will have problems both in sustainability and inclusivity. Government or aid agencies might set deadlines for the reconstruction program. It might happen if all support systems are in place. A deadline is inevitable since the recovery program might be ended due to program closure. Expecting that imposing the deadline will accelerate the process will only be partially effective. On the other hand, applying the push factors needs to pay attention to the nature of the genuine housing recovery, i.e., self-recovery initiatives and local market capacities. Hence, those initiatives and capabilities should be strengthened by internal push. The capacities of the market actors, which are the architects, engineers, builders, hardware stores, and even homeowners, should be strengthened to meet the demand for massive reconstruction. The data for this research was collected through field observations to interview the market actors, government officers, and other recovery actors, such as service providers and aid organizations. The data was analyzed by referring to the relevant academic and grey literature to find the relation of actors’ capacities with timelines and the quality of houses constructed.
Memory, Meaning, and Monuments: An Ethnographic Study of Tsunami Memorialization in Aceh
Authors: Rahman Alfi , Nazaruddin Muzayin , Penmellen Boret Sébastien , Ayuning Anjar Yuva , Rosemary Rizanna , Indah Rosaria , Ridha Syahrul , Ghaisani Masturah Siti
Published: November 2023

The Indian Ocean tsunami of December 26, 2004, left an impact on Aceh, Indonesia, prompting the establishment of tsunami memorials to preserve collective memories. This study examines how individuals and communities interact with tsunami memorials in Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar. It seeks to understand the dynamic intersection between individual, community, and tsunami memorials using collective memory theory. Findings reveal that memorials serve as spaces of recollection, fostering connections with lost loved ones and reinforcing disaster resilience. However, memory erosion occurs over time due to generational shifts and social dynamic changes. Collective memory theory elucidates memorials' broader societal roles, promoting disaster education and empathy. Beyond commemorations, memorials become cultural symbols shaping memories, meanings, identities, and narratives. This research highlights the importance of nuanced memorialization strategies to sustain engagement, foster disaster risk reduction strategies, and honor collective memory.
Assessing the International Multi-Hazard Disaster Risk Governance in the Greater Mekong Sub-Region
Authors: Cahyadi Robby , Salikha Tiffany , Vicri Rufaida , McDermott Ronan
Published: November 2023

The Mekong River Basin faces various interconnected hazards caused by climate risks and human development activities such as rapid hydropower dam construction that may increase disaster risks to downstream countries. Given its multi-hazards and transboundary impacts, it is imperative to create effective, regional-level disaster risk governance across the Mekong Sub-Region’s countries. There are several established cooperation frameworks in the region including the Mekong River Commission (MRC) and the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation (LMC). However, the effectiveness of the regional platforms in governing disasters in the region remains to be understudied, especially in the context of addressing cascading, multihazard risks in the Mekong River Basin. Hence, this paper aims to assess the regional capacity and effectiveness as a regional platform for addressing multihazard and transboundary disaster risks. This paper will utilize a qualitative research method, including desk review and content analysis of relevant literature and policies. For the analytical approach, the paper will also examine how the region employs soft-political collaboration through the International Regime theory. By incorporating perspectives of disaster risk governance and international cooperation issues in the Mekong region, this interdisciplinary study provides a novel angle for the DRR field. Findings from this study are also expected to contribute to achieving the SFDRR Target F of enhancing international cooperation in DRR.
Die sonografische Darstellung des Magens beim Warmblutpferd bei
unterschiedlichen Füllungszuständen
Authors: Daniel Julia , Arnold Corinna , Winter Karsten , Scharner Doreen
Published: November 2023

Gegenstand und Ziel Ziel der Studie war zu klären, inwieweit sich
die sonografische Darstellung des Magens in Abhängigkeit vom
Füllungszustand ändert.

Material und Methoden In einer prospektiven kontrollierten Studie wurden
Warmblutpferde, die zur Gastroskopie vorgestellt wurden, sonografisch beurteilt.
Die Untersuchungen fanden im gefütterten Zustand (Messung 1), nach 12
Stunden Nahrungsentzug (Messung 2), nach Luftinsufflation während der
Gastroskopie (Messung 3) und nach dem Absaugen der Luft aus dem Magen zum Ende
der gastroskopischen Untersuchung (Messung 4) statt. Folgende objektive
Parameter wurden erfasst: Anzahl der Interkostalräume (kraniokaudale
Ausdehnung) und Ermittlung, in welchen Interkostalräumen der Magen
sonografisch darstellbar war, maximale dorsale Ausdehnung des Magens,
sonografischer Abstand zwischen Hautoberfläche und Magenwand.

Ergebnisse Die Anzahl der Interkostalräume, in denen der Magen
sonografisch darstellbar war, betrug für die Messungen 1, 2, 3
(n=32) und 4 (n=15) im Median 7,5 (IQR 3,75), 1,0 (IQR 1,0), 7,0
(IQR 2,0) und 2,0 (IQR 1,0). Die Unterschiede waren zwischen den Messungen 1 und
2 sowie zwischen den Messungen 2 und 3 signifikant. Zwischen den Messungen 1 und
3 bestand kein signifikanter Unterschied. Nach 12-stündigem
Nahrungsentzug reduzierte sich die Magengröße gemessen an der
Anzahl der Interkostalräume um 75 %. Die maximale dorsale
Ausdehnung des Magens betrug für die Messungen 1, 2, 3 (n=32)
und 4 (n=15) im Median 38 cm (IQR 15,25), 13 cm (IQR 6,75), 43 cm (IQR
7,00) und 21 cm (IQR 8,00). Die Unterschiede waren zwischen den Messungen 1 und
2 sowie 2 und 3 signifikant. Für den Abstand zwischen Haut und Magenwand
wurden für die Messungen 1, 2, 3 (n=32) und 4 (n=15)
folgende Mediane ermittelt: 5,8 cm (IQR 2,27), 4,05 cm (IQR 3,05), 4,8 cm (IQR
1,48) und 5,9 cm (IQR 2,90). Hier bestand lediglich zwischen den Messungen 1 und
3 ein signifikanter Unterschied.

Schlussfolgerungen und klinische Relevanz Das sonografische
Erscheinungsbild des Magens verändert sich entsprechend des
Füllungszustandes. Leicht zu bestimmende Parameter sind die
kraniokaudale und maximale dorsale Ausdehnung sowie der Abstand zwischen Haut
und Magenwand.
Organization and planning of university faculty training in virtual classrooms for the inclusion of people with disabilities
Authors: Aceituno-Aceituno Pedro , Madrigal-Barrón Patricia , Vázquez-López Susana , García-Barrera Alba
Published: November 2023

Despite the proliferation of conventions, declarations, and recommendations for inclusive education, many students with disabilities do not complete their university studies. To overcome this situation, university faculty must have skills in inclusion and motivation, but the training of teachers in these subjects is still limited. For all these reasons, this work conveys a basic training proposal -adjusted to the teacher’s reality- to improve the organization and planning of this training. With this training proposal, this study aims to answer how training can facilitate online university teachers to acquire knowledge to improve their skills and motivation in students with disabilities inclusion. For this purpose, qualitative research has been carried out based on the responses to an open-ended questionnaire by 20 expert teachers in online university training who have received and evaluated this training. Although the results have shown that the proposed online training of university teachers may be effective in improving their competencies and motivation in the inclusion of students with disabilities, they still need some improvement -according to the suggestions made by the teachers participating in the study-. Most of these suggestions made by high-level teachers especially recommended the ones related to conceptual clarification, presentation of case studies or examples, and description of actions in the didactic field.
Relaxation method for Mie–Grüneisen type equations of state
Authors: Neron Loann , Saurel Richard , Chiapolino Alexandre , Fraysse François
Published: November 2023

Mie–Grüneisen type equations of state (EOS) are widely used to describe the thermodynamics of solids, liquids, and gases in a variety of physics problems, including shock wave dynamics in condensed materials and the thermodynamic behavior of dense gases generated by detonation waves. The Jones–Wilkins–Lee (JWL), Cochran–Chan, and original Mie–Grüneisen EOSs are relevant examples. However, these EOSs present several major difficulties. First, their range of validity is limited because these EOSs are fitted to a reference curve and tolerate only small deviations from that curve. The second difficulty lies in the complexity of the mathematical formulations, affecting the efficiency of pressure relaxation solvers. These two difficulties give rise to a third. Under extreme flow conditions, computational failures are quite common. Methods for “extending” the equations of state are often used to continue the computations. For example, below a certain arbitrary density, the JWL EOS is sometimes extended to the ideal-gas EOS. A fundamentally new method is presented in this work. It consists of using the much simpler Noble–Abel-stiffened-gas EOS as a predictor, to close the corresponding flow model. A thermodynamic relaxation step follows the prediction step. The solution is projected onto the target EOS, in this case the Mie–Grüneisen EOS, with the help of additional transport equations. Therefore, the flow model is an extended version, much more efficient for numerical resolution. This method solves the three problems above by extending the validity domain of the thermodynamic formulation, making the relaxation solvers much faster, and dramatically increasing the robustness of computations.
Governing the net-zero transition: Strategy, policy, and politics
Authors: Meadowcroft James , Rosenbloom Daniel
Published: November 2023

This paper applies insights from the literature on transitions in major consumption–production systems to clarify the nature of the challenge of moving to a net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emission society. It highlights critical features of transitions including their multiactor/multicausal logic, phased development, and distributive impacts. Because current systems are so dependent on fossil energy resources, and on GHG-emitting industrial processes and agricultural practices, multiple transitions across a range of distinct consumption–production systems will be required for net zero. The transformation of each system faces different barriers and enabling conditions and is influenced by varied nonclimate-related disruptions. Important policy implications follow, including the need to focus on sector and regional transitions, link climate policy to other societal goals, and adopt policy mixes appropriate to the transition phase. The article discusses recent policy and politics-related findings from the transitions literatures including those dealing with policy mixes, transition intermediaries, and green industrial policy.
Tracing sources of atmospheric methane using clumped isotopes
Authors: Haghnegahdar Mojhgan A. , Sun Jiayang , Hultquist Nicole , Hamovit Nora D. , Kitchen Nami , Eiler John , Ono Shuhei , Yarwood Stephanie A. , Kaufman Alan J. , Dickerson Russell R. , Bouyon Amaury , Magen Cédric , Farquhar James
Published: November 2023

We apply a recently developed measurement technique for methane (CH
4
)
isotopologues

*

(isotopic variants of CH
4
—
13
CH
4
,
12
CH
3
D,
13
CH
3
D, and
12
CH
2
D
2
) to identify contributions to the atmospheric burden from fossil fuel and microbial sources. The aim of this study is to constrain factors that ultimately control the concentration of this potent greenhouse gas on global, regional, and local levels. While predictions of atmospheric methane isotopologues have been modeled, we present direct measurements that point to a different atmospheric methane composition and to a microbial flux with less
clumping
(greater deficits relative to stochastic) in both
13
CH
3
D and
12
CH
2
D
2
than had been previously assigned. These differences make atmospheric isotopologue data sufficiently sensitive to variations in microbial to fossil fuel fluxes to distinguish between emissions scenarios such as those generated by different versions of EDGAR (the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research), even when existing constraints on the atmospheric CH
4
concentration profile as well as traditional isotopes are kept constant.
Ultrafast many-body bright–dark exciton transition in anatase TiO
2
Authors: Wang Aolei , Jiang Xiang , Zheng Qijing , Petek Hrvoje , Zhao Jin
Published: November 2023

The momentum-forbidden dark excitons can have a pivotal role in quantum information processing, Bose–Einstein condensation, and light-energy harvesting. Anatase TiO
2
with an indirect band gap is a prototypical platform to study bright to momentum-forbidden dark exciton transition. Here, we examine, by GW plus the real-time Bethe–Salpeter equation combined with the nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (GW + rtBSE-NAMD), the many-body transition that occurs within 100 fs from the optically excited bright to the strongly bound momentum-forbidden dark excitons in anatase TiO
2
. Comparing with the single-particle picture in which the exciton transition is considered to occur through electron–phonon scattering, within the GW + rtBSE-NAMD framework, the many-body electron–hole Coulomb interaction activates additional exciton relaxation channels to notably accelerate the exciton transition in competition with other radiative and nonradiative processes. The existence of dark excitons and ultrafast bright–dark exciton transitions sheds insights into applications of anatase TiO
2
in optoelectronic devices and light-energy harvesting as well as the formation process of dark excitons in semiconductors.
A nemaline myopathy–linked mutation inhibits the actin-regulatory functions of tropomodulin and leiomodin
Authors: Schultz Lauren E. , Colpan Mert , Smith Garry E. , Mayfield Rachel M. , Larrinaga Tania M. , Kostyukova Alla S. , Gregorio Carol C.
Published: November 2023

Actin is a highly expressed protein in eukaryotic cells and is essential for numerous cellular processes. In particular, efficient striated muscle contraction is dependent upon the precise regulation of actin-based thin filament structure and function. Alterations in the lengths of actin-thin filaments can lead to the development of myopathies. Leiomodins and tropomodulins are members of an actin-binding protein family that fine-tune thin filament lengths, and their dysfunction is implicated in muscle diseases. An Lmod3 mutation [G326R] was previously identified in patients with nemaline myopathy (NM), a severe skeletal muscle disorder; this residue is conserved among Lmod and Tmod isoforms and resides within their homologous leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain. We mutated this glycine to arginine in Lmod and Tmod to determine the physiological function of this residue and domain. This G-to-R substitution disrupts Lmod and Tmod’s LRR domain structure, altering their binding interface with actin and destroying their abilities to regulate thin filament lengths. Additionally, this mutation renders Lmod3 nonfunctional in vivo. We found that one single amino acid is essential for folding of Lmod and Tmod LRR domains, and thus is essential for the opposing actin-regulatory functions of Lmod (filament elongation) and Tmod (filament shortening), revealing a mechanism underlying the development of NM.
Lexico-semantic stability in the anatomical domain in the Mayan language family
Authors: Mora-Marín David F. , Fletcher Megan , Gorman Elizabeth
Published: November 2023

This paper deals with lexico-semantic stability, specifically in the anatomical domain. The main goal is to
develop a method for measuring semantic polysemy and shift, in order to address: (1) the validity of standardized vocabulary lists
(e.g., Swadesh 1950, 1952, 1955; Holman et al. 2008; Haspelmath & Tadmor 2009a, 2009b) for
investigating cross-linguistic stability; and (2) the difference between basic and stable vocabulary (Ratliff 2006; Matisoff 2009), and its implications for
studying remote relationships between language families, on the one hand, and subgroup differentiation within language families,
on the other. To study these problems, a total of 50 etyma from the anatomical domain were selected from the Preliminary
Etymological Mayan Database (Kaufman with Justeson 2003), and these were then
classified employing the novel metric, and further analyzed by means of statistical methods. The results point to: (1) no specific
correlation with the stability rankings of the Swadesh and Leipzig-Jakarta lists; (2) support for the “basicness” of etyma from
the anatomical domain; (3) several significant relationships between stability and polysemy scores and independent variables
relevant to the anatomical domain; (4) evidence of lexico-semantic stability score affinities between Mayan subgroups; and (5)
evidence supporting the utility of polysemies to investigate subgrouping and language contact. The paper also offers conclusions
and areas for further research.
Synergistic anticancer effect by targeting CDK2 and EGFR–ERK signaling
Authors: Wu Jinhuan , Chen Yuping , Li Rui , Guan Yaping , Chen Mu , Yin Hui , Yang Xiaoning , Jin Mingpeng , Huang Bingsong , Ding Xin , Yang Jie , Wang Zhe , He Yiming , Wang Qianwen , Luo Jian , Wang Ping , Mao Zhiyong , Huen Michael S.Y. , Lou Zhenkun , Yuan Jian , Gong Fanghua
Published: November 2023

The EGFR-RAS-ERK pathway is one of the most important signaling cascades in cell survival, growth, and proliferation. Aberrant activation of this pathway is a common mechanism in various cancers. Here, we report that CDK2 is a novel regulator of the ERK pathway via USP37 deubiquitinase (DUB). Mechanistically, CDK2 phosphorylates USP37, which is required for USP37 DUB activity. Further, USP37 deubiquitinates and stabilizes ERK1/2, thereby enhancing cancer cell proliferation. Thus, CDK2 is able to promote cell proliferation by activating USP37 and, in turn, stabilizing ERK1/2. Importantly, combined CDK1/2 and EGFR inhibitors have a synergetic anticancer effect through the downregulation of ERK1/2 stability and activity. Indeed, our patient-derived xenograft (PDX) results suggest that targeting both ERK1/2 stability and activity kills cancer cells more efficiently even at lower doses of these two inhibitors, which may reduce their associated side effects and indicate a potential new combination strategy for cancer therapy.
A deterministic approach to investigate nonlinear evolution equations for large balance numbers
Authors: Akbar M Ali , Islam Md Ekramul , Berna Benli Fatma , Alp İlhan Onur
Published: November 2023

When the balance number is greater than one, the modified simple equation (MSE) method typically fails to yield analytical wave solutions for nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) that appear in engineering and mathematical physics. We have addressed this shortcoming in this article and established a technique to implement the MSE approach to investigate NLEEs for balancing number two. Two NLEEs, namely, the regularized long wave and the Jimbo-Miwa equations, have been investigated in order to affirm the approach. Through this method, we found further generic wave solutions related to physical parameters, and when the parameters receive particular values, solitons emerge from the exact solutions. Graphs are used to investigate the solitary wave features of the attained solution functions, which illustrate the usefulness, validity, and compatibility of the scheme.
Multi-ring julia fractal chaotic systems with separated scrolls and nested scrolls
Authors: Yan Dengwei , Yang Wen , Duan Shukai , Wang Lidan
Published: November 2023

Chaos and fractals are two branches of nonlinear science. However, few scholars have combined chaos and fractals for generating chaotic attractors with different topologies. The main goal of this paper is to combine fractals and chaos to generate separated multi-scroll attractors and nested multi-scroll attractors, as well as to compensate for the lack of randomness and complexity of general chaotic systems. Combining chaotic attractors with two different fractal processes, a class of multi-scroll chaotic attractors with different behaviors are generated, including multi-ring attractors, separated multi-ring attractors, and nested multi-ring attractors. The experiments of spectral entropy (SE) complexity indicates that the proposed multi-ring fractal systems have higher complexity than other chaotic systems. Furthermore, from the perspective of engineering applications, the random performance of one of the multi-ring fractal systems is tested by the NIST test suite. The results demonstrate that the multi-ring fractal system has promising randomness and is well-suited for image encryption applications. Finally, the numerical simulation results are well illustrated by the micro-controller unit (MCU) hardware experiments, which reveal the feasibility of the designed multi-ring attractors, separated multi-ring attractors, and nested attractors.
Role of walnut ac-based Si-ZrO2: investigation of rietveld refinement, optical and electrochemical properties for pseudo-capacitor applications
Authors: Mansoor Anam , Anjum Safia , Awan Saifullah , Mustafa Zeeshan , Khurram Rabia , Sattar Mehwish , Ilayas Tafruj
Published: November 2023

In this current project, silicon substituted zirconia matrixes with the general formula of SixZr(1-x)O2 at x = 0.1–0.6, step size 0.1 have been fabricated through powder metallurgy route. All the samples have been sintered at 1200 °C for four hours in an air furnace. The structural, refinement, 3-dimensional view, functional groups, optical and electrochemical properties have been investigated using x-ray diffractometer (XRD), Rietveld refinement, diamond and Vista software, Fourier Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and Cyclic voltametric (CV) respectively. The XRD and Rietveld refinement exhibit sharp peaks which are matched with JCPD card no 07-0343, the single monoclinic phase is achieved in all samples. The goodness of fit clarifies the proper growth of the crystal. Furthermore, the theoretical evaluation is cross-matched with refinement data. The ATR-FTIR analysis indicates the characteristic bands of monoclinic zirconia. Due to the creation of active sites on the electrode surface, the average surface area of these oxides as determined by SEM is in the range of 58–63 m2 g−1. The lowest band gap and higher ionic conductivity values reveal the higher compatibility rate of charge carriers. The maximum specific capacitance (Csp) obtained from CV, GCD, and EIS analyses using walnut shell a.c is 903.1 A g−1, which are excellent materials for pseudocapacitive electrodes.
FIB-shield: a structure to safely transfer and precisely mount beam-sensitive TEM specimens under focused ion beam
Authors: Zhang Jiabao , Yang Xudong , Li Zhipeng , Cai Jixiang , zhang Jianfei , Han Xiaodong
Published: November 2023

Focused ion beam (FIB) has been adopted extensively for transmission electron microscope (TEM) sample preparation during the past decades. However, ion beam- and deposition-induced damage during transferring and mounting of the sample cannot be effectively avoided, limiting the application of FIB in ion-beam illumination-sensitive samples. A transferring device called the FIB shield is designed and fabricated to greatly reduce the damage and contamination of the sample during transfer and mounting under Ga+ beam imaging, milling and Pt deposition. Nearly damage-free transfer and precise positioning and attachment of beam-sensitive in situ TEM nanoindentation samples are achieved. The effectiveness of the shielding plate to block Ga+ radiation damage during Ga+ beam imaging and milling and that of the buffer region to alleviate sputtering damage during Pt deposition are verified by corresponding experiments.
Orbital stability of periodic wave solution for Eckhaus-Kundu equation
Authors: Hong Si-Yu , Zhang Wei-Guo , Guo Yu-Li , Ling Xing-Qian
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we mainly study the orbital stability of periodic traveling wave solution for the Eckhaus-Kundu equation with quintic nonlinearity, which is not a standard Hamilton system. Considering the studied equation is not a standard Hamilton system, the method presented by M. Grillakis and others for proving orbital stability cannot be applied directly, and this equation has two higher order nonlinear terms. So, by constructing three conserved quantities, using detailed spectral analysis and appropriate techniques, we overcome the complexity of the studied equation developed in calculation and proof, then, a conclusion on the orbital stability of the dn periodic wave solution for the Eckhaus-Kundu equation is obtained. As an extension of the proof for the above results, we also prove the orbital stability of the solitary wave for the studied Eckhaus-Kundu equation.
Explicit K-symplectic-like algorithms for guiding center system
Authors: Zhu Beibei , Liu Jian , Zhu Aiqing , Zhang Jiawei , Tang Yifa
Published: November 2023

In this paper, for the guiding center system, we propose a type of explicit K-symplectic-like methods by extending the original guiding center phase space and constructing new augmented Hamiltonians. The original guiding center phase space is extended by making several copies in order to make the guiding center Hamiltonian separable to variables. In the extended phase space, the augmented guiding center Hamiltonian can be numerically solved by a K-symplectic method through the splitting technique and the composition of some simpler subsystems. Meanwhile, a midpoint permutation constraint is imposed on the extended phase space. Numerical experiments are carried out for guiding center motions in different magnetic fields using different numerical methods, including K-symplectic-like algorithms, canonical symplectic algorithms, and higher order implicit Runge-Kutta methods. Results show that energy errors of K-symplectic-like methods are bounded within small intervals over a long time, defeating higher order implicit Runge-Kutta methods. For comparison, explicit K-symplectic-like methods exhibit higher computational efficiency than existing canonicalized symplectic methods of the same order. We also verify that permutation constraints are important for the numerical properties of explicit K-symplectic methods. Among them, the method with the midpoint permutation constraint behaves better in long-term energy conservation and the elimination of secular drift errors than the same method without any permutation. The permutation that imposes a constraint on the Hamiltonian behaves best in energy preservation.
The tensor of the exact circle: reconstructing geometry
Authors: Obster Dennis
Published: November 2023

Developing a theory for quantum gravity is one of the big open questions in theoretical high-energy physics. Recently, a tensor model approach has been considered that treats tensors as the generators of commutative non-associative algebras, which might be an appropriate interpretation of the canonical tensor model. In this approach, the non-associative algebra is assumed to be a low-energy description of the so-called associative closure, which gives the full description of spacetime including the high-energy modes. In the previous work it has been shown how to (re)construct a topological space with a measure on it, and one of the prominent examples that was used to develop the framework was the exact circle. In this work we will further investigate this example, and show that it is possible to reconstruct the full Riemannian geometry by reconstructing the metric tensor. Furthermore, it is demonstrated how diffeomorphisms behave in this formalism, firstly by considering a specific class of diffeomorphisms of the circle, namely the ellipses, and subsequently by performing an explicit diffeomorphism to ‘smoothen’ sets of points generated by the tensor rank decomposition.
Estimation of clutter covariance matrix in stap based on knowledge-aided and geometric methods
Authors: Jing Y , Du X L , Tian T W , Li J B , Li C X
Published: November 2023

The insufficient number of available samples can cause inaccurate estimation of the clutter covariance matrix (CCM) in space-time adaptive processing (STAP), resulting in degraded clutter suppression performance. To tackle this problem, a CCM estimation approach based on knowledge-aided (KA) and geometric methods is proposed in this paper. A combination of environmental as well as structural (Persymmetric or Symmetric structure) knowledge information is utilized to model the covariance matrix of each sample as a knowledge-aided Hermitian positive definite (KA-HPD) covariance matrix. The estimation problem is introduced into the Riemannian manifold composed of the KA-HPD covariance matrices, and the geometric method is used for nonlinear processing. Based on the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence and the KL mean, the final estimated CCM is designed as a weighted combination of each KA-HPD covariance matrix. Experiment results show that the two designed structural covariance matrix estimators possess superior clutter suppression performance.
Teleportation of superposed nonlinear coherent states
Authors: Anbaraki Azam , Afshar Davood
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we study the teleportation of nonlinear coherent cat states assuming even and odd nonlinear quasi-Bell states as the channel. Odd nonlinear quasi-Bell states are shown to be maximally entangled independent of the coherent parameter and also nonlinear function but the entanglement of the even nonlinear coherent states depends on the parameters involved. Subsequently, the teleportation probability is evaluated for some nonlinear functions. Our research reveals that when even and odd nonlinear quasi-Bell states are assumed as the quantum channel, the probabilities for successful teleportation are oppositely varied by increasing coherent parameter. For the special case of nonlinear harmonious states, the teleportation probability is a decreasing (increasing) function of the coherent parameter if even (odd) nonlinear quasi-Bell state is used as the channel.
Tin tellurium colloidal synthesis and spray pyrolysis thin films deposition: the ammonium hydroxide influence
Authors: Barron-Guzman K P , González G S Anaya , Alvarado-García J A , Pérez-Cuapio René , Carrera-Jota M L , Santiesteban H Juárez , Ortega-López Mauricio , Arce-Plaza Antonio
Published: November 2023

In this research a colloidal alternative route to synthesize

SnTe
,

and the influence of ammonium hydroxide into the

Sn

and

Te

phase formation at atmospheric conditions is reported. The obtained solutions at different ammonium concentration were analyzed through x-ray Diffraction to determine the structure and the

SnTe

phase. Meanwhile, Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze and discuss the presence of possible byproducts, those results were complemented by EDX analysis, as well as the morphology was analyzed by HRSEM. Albeit the resultant SnTe colloids were deposited as thin films by spray pyrolysis at 300 °C, following two deposit variations, the first one was one step deposition (continuous) and the second as an intermittent (I) where several layers were deposited. The resultant thin films were analyzed through HRSEM, XRD and profilometry correlating the morphology, and structural properties to those obtained from the colloids.
Regulating NIR reflecting property of hydrothermally synthesized tungsten oxide nanostructures via calcination
Authors: Nair Anjana S , Keerthana C S , James Jiya , Santhosh Kumar A , Vinod M , Saritha A C
Published: November 2023

Present work primarily aims to study the near infrared (NIR) reflecting property of tungsten oxide nanostructures synthesized using hydrothermal method. As-synthesized hydrated tungsten oxide (WO3. H2O) sample was subjected to calcination at temperatures 300, 600, 700, 800 and 900 °C respectively for 1 h and corresponding NIR reflecting performance of the obtained anhydrous tungsten oxide (WO3) nanostructures was analyzed using spectrophotometer. Thermal, structural, morphological, compositional and photoluminescence properties of the nanostructures were also characterized. Moreover, color variation of all samples was identified using CIE L*a*b* color analysis. The sample calcined at 600 °C showed a remarkable NIR reflectance of 91% with color coordinates L* = 70.21, a* = − 4.28, b* = 22.47, h* = 100.78°, and C* = 22.87. Particle size and oxygen vacancies were found to play a significant role in NIR reflectance ability of tungsten oxide. The present work provides new insight into developing NIR reflecting tungsten oxide powders to be used as environmentally friendly cool materials for buildings and automobiles with energy saving performance.
Exploring the impact of spontaneous emission in two quantum game-based key-distribution protocols
Authors: Quezada L F , Zhang Guo-Qing , Dong Shi-Hai
Published: November 2023

In this work, we investigate the influence that spontaneous emission has on the performance and security of both a qubit and a qutrit quantum key distribution protocols, if these were to be implemented using two- and three-level atoms, respectively. These protocols were developed based on the mechanics of a quantum version of the Monty-Hall game. In the case of three-level atoms, the three possible configurations (V, Ξ, Λ) are considered. In both protocols, an additional step, consisting on discarding some specific non-valid cases, is found to reduce the bit error ratio (BER). Regarding the security of the protocols, we are able to define secure regions, dependent on the spontaneous emission parameters, within which the protocols are deemed secure due to the violation of Bell-type inequalities. Furthermore, our results show that the choice of three-level atom configuration significantly impacts the protocol performance. We are able to determine that the Λ configuration provides a lower BER than the V and Ξ configurations within their respective secure regions.
The dipole of the Pantheon+SH0ES data
Authors: Sorrenti Francesco , Durrer Ruth , Kunz Martin
Published: November 2023

In this paper we determine the dipole in the distance redshift relation from the Pantheon+ data. We find that, while its amplitude roughly agrees with the dipole found in the cosmic microwave background which is attributed to the motion of the solar system with respect to the cosmic rest frame, the direction is different with a significance of slightly more than 3σ. While the amplitude depends on the lower redshift cutoff, the direction is quite stable. For redshift cuts of order z
cut ≃ 0.05 and higher, the dipole is no longer detected with high statistical significance. An important role seems to be played by the redshift corrections for peculiar velocities.
Stealth Ellis wormholes in Horndeski theories
Authors: Bakopoulos Athanasios , Chatzifotis Nikos , Erices Cristian , Papantonopoulos Eleftherios
Published: November 2023

In this work we are revisiting the well studied Ellis wormhole solution in a Horndeski theory motivated from the Kaluza-Klein compactification procedure of the more fundamental higher dimensional Lovelock gravity. We show that the Ellis wormhole is analytically supported by a gravitational theory with a non-trivial coupling to the Gauss-Bonnet term and we expand upon this notion by introducing higher derivative contributions of the scalar field. The extension of the gravitational theory does not yield any back-reacting component on the spacetime metric, which establishes the Ellis wormhole as a stealth solution in the generalized framework. We propose two simple mechanisms that dress the wormhole with an effective ADM mass. The first procedure is related to a conformal transformation of the metric which maps the theory to another Horndeski subclass, while the second one is inspired by the spontaneous scalarization effect on black holes.
Gravito-electromagnetic perturbations of MOG black holes with a cosmological constant: quasinormal modes and ringdown waveforms
Authors: Liu Wentao , Fang Xiongjun , Jing Jiliang , Wang Jieci
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we present a black hole solution with a cosmological constant in the Scalar-Tensor-Vector Modified Gravity (MOG) theory, where the strength of the gravitational constant is determined by G = G
N(1 + α).
We derive the master equations for gravito-electromagnetic perturbations and numerically solve for the Quasinormal Mode (QNM) spectrum and the ringdown waveforms.
Our research results show that increasing the MOG parameter α leads to a decrease in both the real and imaginary parts of the QNM frequencies for electromagnetic and gravitational modes.
Similarly, increasing the cosmological constant Λ also results in a decrease in both the real and imaginary parts of the QNM frequencies for these modes.
These trends are observed when compared to standard Schwarzschild-de Sitter (S-dS) or MOG black holes, respectively.
Meanwhile, the result indicates that in the MOG-de Sitter spacetime, the frequencies for electromagnetic and gravitational modes display isospectrality, and exhibit the same ringdown waveforms.
Our findings have implications for the ringdown phase of mergers involving massive compact objects, which is of particular relevance given the recent detections of gravitational waves by LIGO.
Spin-1 thermal targets for dark matter searches at beam dump and fixed target experiments
Authors: Catena Riccardo , Gray Taylor R.
Published: November 2023

The current framework for dark matter (DM) searches at beam dump and fixed target
experiments primarily relies on four benchmark models, the so-called complex scalar, inelastic
scalar, pseudo-Dirac and finally, Majorana DM models. While this approach has so far been
successful in the interpretation of the available data, it a priori excludes the possibility that
DM is made of spin-1 particles — a restriction which is neither theoretically nor experimentally
justified. In this work we extend the current landscape of sub-GeV DM models to a set of models
for spin-1 DM, including a family of simplified models (involving one DM candidate and one
mediator — the dark photon) and an ultraviolet complete model based on a non-abelian gauge group
where DM is a spin-1 Strongly Interacting Massive Particle (SIMP). For each of these models, we
calculate the DM relic density, the expected number of signal events at beam dump experiments such
as LSND and MiniBooNE, the rate of energy injection in the early universe thermal bath and in the
Intergalactic Medium (IGM), as well as the helicity amplitudes for forward processes subject to
the unitary bound. We then compare these predictions with experimental results from Planck, CMB
surveys, IGM temperature observations, LSND, MiniBooNE, NA64, and BaBar and with available
projections from LDMX and Belle II. Through this comparison, we identify the regions in the
parameter space of the models considered in this work where DM is simultaneously thermally
produced, compatible with present observations, and within reach at Belle II and, in particular,
at LDMX. We find that the simplified models considered here are strongly constrained by current
beam dump experiments and the unitarity bound, and will thus be conclusively probed
(i.e. discovered or ruled out) in the first stages of LDMX data taking. We also find that the
vector SIMP model explored in this work predicts the observed DM relic abundance, is compatible
with current observations and within reach at LDMX in a wide region of the parameter space of the
theory.
Gravitational lensing in modified gravity: a case study for Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Kalita Surajit , Bhatporia Shruti , Weltman Amanda
Published: November 2023

Over the last few decades, a plethora of modifications to general relativity have been proposed to solve a host of cosmological and astrophysical problems. Many modified gravity models are now ruled out with further astrophysical observations; some theories are still viable, with, at best, bounds on their parameters set by observations to date. More recently, observations of Fast Radio Bursts have proven to be remarkably powerful tools to constrain cosmology and fundamental physics. In this work, we consider a generic modified gravity theory and consider the implications for gravitational lensing with Fast Radio Bursts. We use a set of Fast Radio Burst observations to constrain the fraction of dark matter made up of primordial black holes in such a theory. We further show that modified gravity adds a screening effect on gravitational lensing similar to the case when there is plasma in the path of the light ray acting as a scattering screen.