bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Efficacy of Natural Language Processing and Supervised Learning in the Classification of Fake News Articles
Authors: R Jain
Published: February 2024

This research article investigates the effectiveness of natural language processing (NLP) and supervised learning in classifying fake news articles. With the increasing prevalence of fake news in online media, it has become critical to identify and categorize such articles accurately. In this study, we apply NLP techniques to extract features from textual data, and use a supervised learning algorithm to train a classification model. We use a dataset of fake news articles to evaluate the performance of our model in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Our results demonstrate that our approach achieved high accuracy and robustness in the classification of fake news articles. Furthermore, we perform a feature importance analysis to identify the most significant features that contribute to the classification of fake news. The findings of this study have practical implications for identifying and combating fake news in online media, and also provide insights into the effectiveness of NLP and supervised learning for text classification tasks.
Clinical Evaluation of Mahanarayana Taila Matra Basti in Anidra (Primary Insomnia)
Authors: H Gupta
Published: February 2024

Sleep is a naturally recurring state of mind and body. Insomnia disorder is defined as a subjective perception or complaint of inadequate or poor-quality sleep. Anidra has been described in detail by Acharyas in various contexts like Vata Nanatmaja Vikara, Vataja Jwara etc. Panchkarma therapies like Shirodhara, Shirobasti, Shiroabhyang, Shiropichu, Padaabhyang is very useful in treatment of Anidra. Insomnia is the most commonly encountered sleep disorder and occurs 10-50% of the population. Worldwide epidemiological studies assessed the prevalence of insomnia without restrictive criteria as 33% in general population. In Ayurveda, insomnia is described as Anidra and Nidranash under the heading of different disorders and conditions. Allopathic hypnotic drugs are useful for short term treatment in insomnia which is due to acute stage. Long term uses of certain classes of sedatives cause physical dependence, Ayurvedic approach in the disease is by pacifying the Doshas, paying special attention to Vata- Shamana, Santarpana and Srotoshodhak. Hence, with the aim of identifying and establishing an alternative, safer, effective and long-lasting treatment modality, the study entitled “Clinical Evaluation of Mahanarayana Taila Matra Basti in Anidra (Primary Insomnia)” was conducted in 56 patients. They were selected on the basis of standard inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly allocated to two different treatment groups; Group- A (Mahanarayana Taila Matra Basti) and Group- B (Zolpidem). Total duration of the treatment was of 14 days along with a follow up period of 1 month. Both the interventions were almost equally effective, but in overall improvement of the patients “Group A” had better results than Group B. For better scientific validation, further research studies and clinical trials should be carried out with large sample size and longer duration of treatment.
Kelayakan Modul Digital Berbasis Milkshake Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar
Authors: Fidarti Fahma Aulia , Nurharini Atip
Published: February 2024

Bahan ajar merupakan salah satu komponen yang sangat penting dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Namun pada kenyataannya masih sedikit guru yang dapat memaksimalkan pemanfaatan bahan ajar yang ada. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan modul digital berbasis milkshake sebagai bahan ajar pembelajaran seni tari di Sekolah Dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Research and Development. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Penelitian ini melibatkan guru dan 27 peserta didik di kelas III Sekolah Dasar. Modul digital berbasis milkshake dikembangkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan guru dan peserta ddik yang diperoleh dari observasi dan wawancara dan angket. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji n-g. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tingkat presentase kelayakan modul digital berbasis milkshake dari ahli materi mendapatkan nilai sebesar 87,5% dengan kriteria sangat layak, sedangkan penilaian modul digital berbasis milkshake dari ahli media mendapatkan nilai sebesar 94,2% dengan kriteria sangat layak. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa modul digital berbasis milkshake sangat layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar pada proses pembelajaran seni tari di Sekolah Dasar. Modul digital berbasis milkshake dapat membantu peserta didik dalam memahami materi seni tari dan meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik pada pembelajaran seni tari.
Relevansi Implikatur Percakapan Bermuatan Nilai Pendidikan pada Vlog Jerome Polin sebagai Bahan Ajar Teks Anekdot di Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Pratiwi Intan Surya , Kuntoro
Published: February 2024

Komunikasi dengan bahasa menjadikan setiap orang dapat menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungannya.  Tujuan spesifik dari penelitian ini adalah menemukan fungsi implikatur percakapan pada Vlog Jerome Polin di YouTube. penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis relevansi implikatur percakapan Vlog Jerome Polin di YouTube terhadap pembelajaran teks anekdot di Sekolah Menengah Atas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan dasar penelitian studi kasus. Subjek penelitiannya adalah dialog percakapan pada Vlog Jerome Polin. Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah mencari dan mengumpulkan Vlog Jerome Polin, mentranskrip Vlog Jerome Polin yang sudah dikumpulkan, melakukan pendokumentasian tuturan pada Vlog Jerome Polin yang mengandung praanggapan, menganalisis data, membuat simpulan dari seluruh analisis. Hasil penelitian alih kode dan campur kode yang terjadi dalam video Youtube Jerome Polin akan dikaitkan dalam KD 3.6 menganalisis struktur dan kebahasaan teks anekdot dan 4.6 menciptakan kembali teks anekdot dengan memerhatikan struktur teks anekdot dan struktur kebahasaan teks anekdot. Handout ini dengan menambahkan pengertian, ciri-ciri, struktur dan kebahasaan teks anekdot yang dapat membantu dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Implikasi penelitian ini untuk menyelesaikan fungsi implikatur percakapan pada sebuah tayangan harus menganalisis tuturan terlebih dahulu dan menyelesaikannya.
Computerized Clinical Decision Support To Prevent Medication Errors and Adverse Drug Events
Authors: Syrowatka Ania , Motala Aneesa , Lawson Emily , Shekelle Paul
Published: February 2024

Objectives. To assess the evidence on the effects of computerized clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) on the prevention of medication errors and adverse drug events, related implementation outcomes such as rates of medication alert overrides, and unintended consequences of use. We also summarized the literature around the effective implementation of a CDSS. Methods. We followed the rapid review processes of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence-based Practice Center Program. We queried PubMed and the Cochrane Library to locate relevant systematic reviews and primary studies published from 2015 to April 2023, supplemented by a targeted review of the grey literature. We narratively synthesized the evidence and assessed the overall strength of evidence for the outcomes of interest. The protocol for the review has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023449710). Findings. Our search yielded 1,335 unique abstracts, of which 33 articles met the target criteria and were included in the review (27 systematic reviews, one overview of reviews, and five primary studies). Twenty reviews (out of 22) reporting on effectiveness were rated “good” or “fair” quality. One primary study included in the narrative synthesis was rated as having a “low” risk of bias. The evidence covered the effects of CDSSs across various healthcare settings and specialties. The type of decision support provided by the CDSSs and outcomes were heterogeneous between studies. Overall, computerized provider order entry with medication-related CDSSs were associated with reduced medication errors (moderate strength of evidence) and prevention of adverse drug events (low strength of evidence). Improved or targeted medication-related CDSSs were associated with reductions of medication errors and adverse drug events (moderate strength of evidence). However, alert override rates were high and varied between studies, and the appropriateness of the overrides was largely influenced by the type of alert. Other unintended consequences included CDSS-related errors, overdependence on alerts, alert fatigue, inappropriate alert overrides, and provider burnout. An additional 48 articles focused on barriers and facilitators of CDSS implementation. 2 Making Healthcare Safer IV – Computerized Clinical Decision Support Conclusions. Overall, CDSSs reduce medication errors and adverse drug events, with moderate- and low-certainty evidence, respectively. However, there were several unintended consequences of CDSS implementation and use. The evidence of benefits and harms was generally reported in different studies with varying contexts, making the net benefit difficult to estimate. Future research should focus on measuring these outcomes and unintended consequences in the same study to generate evidence on both the benefits and harms associated with using a CDSS in the same context.
Behavior of Potential of Half-Cell AISI 1018 and GS in Concrete Buried in Sand in the Presence of MgSO4
Authors: Baltazar-García Brenda Paola , Baltazar-Zamora Daniel Francisco , Santiago-Hurtado Griselda , Moreno-Landeros Victor , Lozano David , Landa-Ruiz Laura , Shukla Shivani , Baltazar-Zamora Miguel Angel
Published: February 2024

This project, in the area of reinforced concrete corrosion, evaluated the potential of half-cell AISI 1018 CS (Carbon Steel) and GS Steel (Steel with galvanized coating); 15 cm long bars were used as reinforcement in specimens of concrete buried in a Type SP Sand (contaminated with 0% and 3% MgSO4). The experimental arrangement of this research represents the case of the elements of the foundations of concrete structures that are planted near marine areas where this type of soil exists with the presence of high contents of depassivating ions such as sulfates. The study specimens were made with two concrete mixtures with a water/cement ratio 0.45 but with different types of cement (Portland Cement and Sulfate Resistant Cement). For monitoring the half-cell potential according to ASTM C 876-15, the specimens were buried in the clean SP soil and in the same soil but contaminated with MgSO4. After more than 270 days of exposure to uncontaminated SP sand contaminated with MgSO4, the behavior of the half-cell potentials or corrosion potentials show that the specimen made with the sulfate-resistant cement and reinforced with GS Steel (Steel with galvanized coating) presents the highest resistance to corrosion by MgSO4 at a concentration of 3%.
An Overview of Signs and Symptoms to Determine Coronavirus and Omicron Patients in Primary Care and Hospitals
Authors: M.Hussein Ali , Majeed Hawry A. , Majeed Naz R. , Ali Nza H.M. , Saeed Dashne A. , Ali Narmin A.
Published: February 2024

Coronaviruses, a type of virus family, cause severe respiratory diseases in people. The coronavirus is most frequently linked to the common cold, but in persons with SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) virus infection, it can also lead to serious respiratory sickness. The spread of the coronavirus is by having direct contact with infected saliva, mucus, or blood. Infected surfaces, such as those in hospitals or other healthcare facilities, can potentially spread the infection when touched. Now spreading globally is the Omicron version of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). According to preliminary studies, the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has a higher probability of re-infection. To recognize COVID-19 as well as omicron people in hospitals and primary health care, this review study focuses on the symptoms and indications. The data was collected and analyzed from more than one hundred high-impact original research papers to conclude their results and make a comparison between methods and findings.
Phylogenetic analysis and molecular characterization of field isolates of Anaplasma spp. from cattle in India
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India, Kumar Aditya , Singh Arbind , Kumar Verma Amit , Sagar Maurya Prem , Prajapati M. R. , Kumar Amit , Sarkar T. K.
Published: February 2024

In India, the economic losses incurred due to ticks and tick-borne diseases are estimated around 498.7 million US dollars. Among these diseases, anaplasmosis causes significant mortality and morbidity in animals, leading to significant production losses. However, only scant information on the molecular characterization, phylogenetic and matrix analysis of Anaplasma spp in cattle is available. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to perform phylogenetic and molecular characterization of field isolates of Anaplasma spp. infecting dairy animals in Uttar Pradesh, India. Blood samples from 200 cattle showing the clinical signs of bovine anaplasmosis were collected from the western part of Uttar Pradesh, India. To detect Anaplasma spp., screening of blood smears and molecular confirmation by PCR was performed. The molecular characterization was done by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene and its bioinformatic analysis using MEGA version X. On the basis of microscopic examination, Anaplasma spp. were detected in 106 (53%) samples, while the 16S rRNA gene-based polymerase chain reactions revealed positive results in 176 (88%). The sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and the bioinformatic analysis of sequences revealed the existence of three different populations of Anaplasma spp., viz., Anaplasma marginale and two other Anaplasma spp. genetically related to Anaplasma capra and Anaplasma ovis, circulating in the blood of infected cattle. All the field isolates of A. marginale and A. ovis from Uttar Pradesh, India, were clustered in a single clade with others isolated from Iran, Brazil, Thailand and Israel, while A. capra isolates from India, established in same clade of A. capra, have been reported from Japan, China and South Korea. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of Anaplasma capra and Anaplasma ovis from bovine in India, and indicates the potential of cattle to serve as reservoirs of these pathogens, leading to the requirement for further studies of these emerging zoonotic pathogens and their possible zoonotic potential.
An overview of the Pathogenesis and Virulence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection – a review
Authors:   Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China, Zhang Ruihong , Hu Wanying , Guan Yurong , Ishfaq Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (Mg) belongs to the class Mollicutes, the smallest and simplest microorganisms which lack a cell wall and are capable of self-replication outside a host. Mg is the primary etiological agent of chronic respiratory diseases in poultry, and causes major economic losses. Recently, owing to advances in scientific knowledge, large data sets have become available for Mg, providing sequencing data, new typing strategies, diagnostic methods, and means for comprehensive studies. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the virulence, variable surface lipoproteins, invasion of host cells, adhesion, antigenic variation, biofilm formation, and modulation of the host immune system. Moreover, the broader picture includes the emergence of Mg successfully combating host immunity and adapting to the new host or niches, having evolved a number of strategies and mechanisms, contributing to the pathogenesis and dissemination of Mg infection.
Molecular characterization of bovine intrauterine Escherichia coli isolates in rat model
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry DUVASU, Mathura, Keyang Doni , Singh Rashmi , Pratap Singh Ajay , Agrawal Samiksha , Choudhury Soumen
Published: February 2024

The present study was undertaken to characterize the virulence factors of Escherichia coli isolated from bovine clinical endometritis, and comparison of uterine pathology induced by different phylogroups of E. coli in a rat model. Forty E. coli isolates assigned to different phylogroups, that is, A, B1, C, D, E, F, and clad1 were used. Phenotypic detection using Congo red binding, biofilm and haemolysin production observed 77% (n=31), 55% (n=22) and 68% (n=28) positive isolates, respectively. Multiplex PCR detection of 11 VFs genes, viz; Pap, Sfa, Afa, Hly, Cnf1, Cnf2, eaeA, F41, Sta, csgA, and csgD, found only one positive isolate each for pap and csgD while 3 isolates for F41 and 8 isolates for csgA were positive. Endometritis was inducted in diestrus rats using 4 phylogroups of E. coli. Expression for COX-2 and iNOS inflammatory marker genes was observed, but there was no statistical significant difference of expression among the phylogroups. On the basis of the present findings, it may inferred that different phylogroups of E. coli exhibit different virulence characteristics, but do not differ significantly in their ability to cause uterine disease in rats.
The effect of medical honey on second intention wound healing in dogs
Authors:   University of Ljubljana, Veterinary Faculty, Small Animal Clinic, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Lukanc Barbara , Šteh Tončka , Erjavec Vladimira
Published: February 2024

The aim of our retrospective study was to observe the healing effect of medical honey on wounds in dogs. Honey debrides wounds, kills bacteria, lowers the pH value of wounds, reduces chronic inflammation, promotes the infiltration of fibroblasts and provides a moist environment, which is essential for wound healing. Twenty dogs with a total of 21 contaminated nonsurgical wounds were included. Wounds were treated with medical honey and left to heal by second intention. For the prevention of wound desiccation and bandage adherence, a low-adherent absorbent pad was used. The wounds smaller than 15 cm2 healed in 28 to 49 days (mean 36.4±7.9 days), and wounds larger than 15 cm2 healed in 35 to 77 days (mean 50.3±15.9 days). A low-adherent absorbent pad completely prevented adherence of the dressing to the wound bed, so that no pain or tissue damage occurred during dressing changing. The treatment of wounds with medical honey had a positive influence on wound healing, and all wounds in our study healed completely with minimal scarring and with regrowth of hair. Ten dogs received no antibiotic therapy and none of them developed wound infection. Medical honey therefore serves as a promising alternative antimicrobial chemotherapeutic. The use of honey is effective in tissue regeneration and wound healing in large wounds in dogs where surgery alone cannot guarantee satisfactory results.
Preventive and therapeutic effects of the peel powder of P. granatum in a rat sepsis model
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Türkiye, Ülker Ufuk , Ayşe Demirel Mürşide , Bayraktar Bülent , Eray Alçıgır Mehmet , Aksoy Adil
Published: February 2024

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the treatment potential of Punica granatum L. peel powder in an experimentally induced sepsis model in rats. Sepsis was induced in 10-week-old, male, Wistar Albino (n=24) rats. The animals were divided into four groups: Sham-operated (S) Group, Control (C) Group, Treatment-1 (T1) Group, and Treatment-2 (T2) Group. To induce the sepsis model, the cecal ligation and puncture procedure was performed. The P. granatum peel powder (200 mg/kg; per os) was applied one hour before (T1) and 10 hours after (T2) surgery in a volume of 2 mL. At the end of the experimental procedure, microbial and histopathological analyses were performed. The histopathological scores on the liver, lungs, heart, kidney, spleen, and pancreas were evaluated. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli + S. aureus were isolated from blood cultures. Severe bacteria were detected in the blood of the group C animals. It was found that there were fewer bacteria in groups T1 (n=2) and T2 (n=4) compared with group C. There were no lesions in the pancreas tissues of any groups. Vascular changes, degeneration, and necrosis were common in the organs in all cases of group C compared to group S. The findings in group T1 were similar to those in group C, however, it was seen in fewer animals. It was determined that there was a general improvement in group T2, and in addition the existing lesions were moderate in severity. In conclusion, P. granatum L. peel powder prevented CLP-induced lung injury in experimental rats. Thus, P. granatum L. peel powder may be an alternative therapeutic agent against lung tissue injury induced by sepsis. The recovery from inflammation was better in group T2 than in the other groups. According to the results of the current study, P. granatum peel powder was found to be effective in the treatment of sepsis with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory functions.
Hypolipidemic effect of dill seed (Anethum graveolens L.) essential oil on lipid profile and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- γ expression in hyperlipidemic male rats
Authors:   Department of Genetics, Biological Sciences College, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishva, Iran, Eidi Maryam , Moradkhani Tayebeh
Published: February 2024

Herbal medicines have been suggested for the treatment of hyperlipidemic disorders. The hypolipidemic activities of dill essential oil on lipid profile and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) expression in adipose tissue were studied in male rats with hyperlipidemia. The effects were studied and compared of dill essential oil and atorvastatin on serum lipid profile and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, histopathological damage of liver and PPARγ gene expression in the adipose tissue of male rats with hyperlipidemia. The treatment with dill decreased body weight, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, ALT and AST levels, histopathological damage to the liver and PPARγ expression of adipose tissue, and increased serum HDL-C levels in experimental hyperlipidemic rats compared to the hyperlipidemic control rats, both significantly. The plant and atorvastatin improved hyperlipidemia, attenuated liver tissue damage and down-regulated PPARγ expression. So, dill could be defined as an excellent candidate for treatment of hyperlipidemia.
TRANSVERSALIZACIÓN DE LA PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO: EL PROCESO DE ADOPCIÓN DE NORMATIVA INTERNACIONAL EN LA FORMACIÓN DE CONTINGENTES PARA OPERACIONES DE MANTENIMIENTO DE LA PAZ EN ECUADOR ENTRE LOS AÑOS 2015 A 2021
Authors: RIVAS PAZ RODRIGO
Published: February 2024

La Organización de las Naciones Unidas, a través del Consejo de Seguridad, órgano máximo y rector en materia de seguridad a nivel global, ha emanado de su seno, disposiciones normativas consagradas en Resoluciones que, tienen por objeto visibilizar y brindar protección a mujeres y niñas víctimas de conflictos armados. Son además las mujeres, a través de su participación, eje fundamental en la pacificación de los pueblos y la resolución de conflictos. La presente investigación analiza la forma en la cual, la normativa internacional en materia de género es adoptada en los procesos de formación de contingentes para Operaciones de Mantenimiento de la Paz en Ecuador entre los años 2015 a 2021. Se parte de un análisis normativo de tipo cualitativo, estableciéndose un nexo con los enfoques teóricos constructivistas de Transversalización de Género e Internalización Normativa sobre Derechos Humanos identificándose, en referencia a un caso de estudio, el grado de imbricación de la perspectiva de género en relación a la participación efectiva de mujeres en los procesos de mantenimiento de la paz. Se concluye que, si bien a nivel de política pública existe un alto nivel de adopción normativa, es necesario profundizar en los procesos de formación sobre transversalización de género. Más aún, que el personal femenino que compone los contingentes de Operaciones de Mantenimiento de la Paz, alcance un equilibrio respecto de sus pares varones, tanto en lo numérico, como protagónico en el mantenimiento de la paz, siendo el objetivo final de su integración, la materialización de la Equidad de Género.
The lived experience of a psychologist activist
Authors: Hammer Dean E.
Published: February 2024

This essay reflects upon the role of activism for psychologists in these times and future decades. The author's lived experience as a transgenerational Holocaust survivor, prisoner of conscience, and clinical psychologist serve as the springboard to explore how psychologists can help to address the current threats to human survival. The article highlights the interface between the healing of individual and collective trauma. The transparency demonstrated in the exploration of the author's lived experience aims to encourage a parallel openness and vulnerability in attending to the collective trauma sustained in the twentieth century, the age of genocide. The article concludes with a proposal for a conspiracy of hope, in which psychologists can play a unique role as advocates for human survival.
Quality assessing algorithm of solving programming problems
Authors: Fedorov Aleksandr Sergeevich , Avksentieva Elena Yurievna
Published: February 2024

The possibility of automating the qualitative assessment of solutions to programming problems in teaching secondary school students is considered. The currently existing methods of evaluating the solution of programming problems are considered, their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. Based on the considered methods, the possibility of using the representation of the source code of the problem solution in the form of a semantic network for its further qualitative evaluation by machine methods is substantiated. The concept of the similarity function of two semantic web based on the program code is introduced. This function is defined as the ratio of the sum of the sizes of subgraphs composed of common elements of semantic webs to the sum of the sizes of thise semantic webs. The properties of the resulting function based on its definition are given, and an algorithm for calculating the similarity function created on the basis of the ISD algorithm. Various modifications of the specified algorithm and influence of each of them on the final result are considered. To test the algorithm's operability, an experiment was set up comparing various solutions for the problem of finding the maximum element, as well as comparing solutions for various tasks of the basic programming course with each other. The results of the experiment are presented in a summary table and allow us to justify the chosen modification of the algorithm for calculating the similarity function. The results also demonstrate the prospects of using this method to determine the competence of students in the programming language. As a side effect, the algorithm of qualitative evaluation of the program code based on its semantic web allows us to automaticly search for plagiarism of the program solution of the problem.
Cathode parts placement when controlling a galvanic bath according to a vector criterion
Authors: Litovka Yuriy Vladimirovich , Bannikov Andrey Alekseevich
Published: February 2024

The problem of controlling a galvanic bath according to two criteria is considered: marriage in terms of un-evenness and microhardness. The controlling action is the placement of cathode parts of different shapes and sizes on the suspension device of the galvanic bath. A combined method is proposed, which consists in repeatedly solving the vector optimization problem with different order ratios and with different convolutions of criteria, as well as by analyzing hierarchies and constructing a Pareto domain. The developed decision support system provides the decision-maker with comprehensive information about the operating modes of the object and the values of criteria obtained at the same time, the values of mutual changes in criteria, etc., which makes it possible to find the best compromise solution to the vector optimization problem from the user's point of view.
A Robotized Bed for Bedridden Patients
Authors:   University of Rome Tor Vergata, Ceccarelli Marco , Russo Matteo ,   University of Rome Tor Vergata, Araque Isidro Jorge ,   University of Rome Tor Vergata, Chaparro-Rico Betsy D.M. ,   Swansea University, Cafolla Daniele ,   Swansea University
Published: February 2024

Longtime bedridden patients may have serious problems from the immobilization and a reposition of their body can be often request at least to mitigate effects in pulmonary complications and pressure ulcers. This paper approaches the problem on how to give basic movements to those patients to help in those situations by permitting body repositioning through movements of bed segments. The solution is proposed in term of design of structure and control of a robotized hospital-type bed in which the bed structure is portioned in segments that are properly activated and controlled by a specific mechanism with a specific controlled operation. The proposed solution is tested and characterized via simulations whose results verify the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed solution for a future implementation in hospital frames.
Applying DDPG Algorithm to Swing-Up and Balance Control for a Double Inverted Pendulum on a Cart
Authors:   Onsemi Viet Nam, Ho Trong-Nguyen , Tat Thanh-Sang ,   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ngo Hoang-Anh ,   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Nguyen Truong-Son ,   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Bui Duc-Anh ,   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Le Thanh-Trung ,   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Le Vu-Loc ,   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Huynh Lac-Thien ,   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education
Published: February 2024

In this study, we apply the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm in reinforcement learning to control a double inverted pendulum on a cart (DIPC)- a high order single input-multi output (SIMO) system . The simulation results demonstrate DDPG's stability and effectiveness in achieving swing-up and balance, showing its potential for tackling challenging control tasks in robotics.
A Comparison of Genetic Algorithms in Optimizing Controllers for Inverted Pendulum
Authors:   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Le Thanh-Tri-Dai , Do Thien-An ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Le Quoc-Tuan ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Tran Viet-Cuong ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Le Van-Thuan ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Nguyen Tan-Dung ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Tran Hong-Duc ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education, Tran Quoc-Tuan ,   Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology and Education
Published: February 2024

In our study, we compared classical genetic algorithm (GA) and non-dominated sorting GA (NSGA) II to optimize LQR and sliding mode control (SMC) for an inverted pendulum. We aimed to identify the algorithm that best improves stability and peak performance. Our results clarified each algorithm's unique strengths. The provement is shown in Matlab simulations.
Thoracoscopic resection of lung masses is associated with excellent survival to discharge and good long-term outcomes
Authors: Park Karen , Mayhew Philipp D. , Massari Federico , Singh Ameet , Swanton William Emmett , Fransson Boel , Balsa Ingrid M. , Steffey Michelle A. , Culp William T. N. , Giuffrida Michelle A.
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE

To report and evaluate risk factors for conversion and perioperative and long-term outcomes in dogs undergoing thoracoscopic lung lobectomy for resection of lung masses.

ANIMALS

61 client-owned dogs.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study (June 11, 2008, to February 14, 2020) of data collected from medical records included signalment, results of diagnostic imaging, surgical technique, surgical and anesthesia time, mass location and size, hospitalization time, histopathologic findings, and long-term outcome. Follow-up was obtained from medical records and telephone contact with owners or referring veterinarians.

RESULTS

Histopathology results were available for 60 of 61 tumors. Fifty-seven (95%) were considered primary lung tumors, of which 46 (81%) were carcinomas. Clean surgical margins were achieved in 46 of 52 (88%) dogs. Conversion from thoracoscopy to thoracoscopic-assisted or open surgery occurred in 16 of 61 (26%) dogs. Larger tumor diameter (≥ 5 cm) and lymphadenopathy detected by preoperative CT scan were significantly associated with increased risk of conversion. There was no association between conversion and patient weight, body condition score, and tumor location. All 61 dogs survived to discharge, and 56 of 57 were alive 1 month postoperatively. Median overall survival time was 311 days (95% CI, 224 to 570 days). Tracheobronchial lymphadenopathy on preoperative CT scans was associated with shorter postoperative survival (P < .001). Patient age, tumor diameter, adjuvant chemotherapy following surgery, and incomplete margins were not associated with survival time.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Dogs had high survival to discharge and good long-term prognosis following thoracoscopic lung lobectomy. However, larger tumor size and tracheobronchial lymphadenopathy may increase the likelihood of conversion.
Women’s Empowerment and Economic Sustainability During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Davao Oriental, Southern Philippines
Authors: Catubigan Robie Villamil , Villegas Jhonnel Pancho , Dupa Helina Jean Perez
Published: February 2024

The crisis during the pandemic restrained the livelihood of women and disrupted their economic opportunities. Specifically, during the height of the lockdown, when people were restricted from going out, the livelihood of women who sold and peddled seafood products was greatly affected. This paper unfolds women’s socio-demographic profile and knowledge regarding the laws for protecting women’s rights in the lexis of the Republic Act No. 9710, also known as the Magna Carta of Women, and their economic condition in the informal economy during the pandemic. This descriptive mixed method quantitatively surveyed 70 women and another 10 women for the Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). The findings have shown that women in the informal economy were predominantly in the middle and late adulthood stage, married, the majority had a low level of education (i.e., elementary & high school levels) and were the breadwinners in the family. Also, the average size of each family consisted of 7 members with an average family monthly income of 7,407 pesos. The themes unearthed that informants perceived the Magna Carta of Women as unfamiliar and vague concepts, inconsistent implementation, and responsive leadership. On the other note, informants highlighted that the imagery of women in society gained parity in gender roles. It was revealed that women struggled with delayed assistance, parental obligations, prejudice, and partial treatment.
Universalization, Sustainability and “Justiceness” of Primary Education: Perspectives and Lessons from Uganda
Authors: Kyambadde James , Khumalo Shuti Steph
Published: February 2024

It is through education that communities and governments can tackle political, economic, social and geographic inequalities and ills in the continent of Africa. It is for this reason that policies like the Universal Primary Education were adopted. Children have the right to basic quality education as espoused in several agreements such as the Convention of Childrens Rights of 1989 and the Sustainable Development goals. Access to quality education for success is a social justice trajectory and promotes social justice principles. This article was intended to examine the impediments in the effective implementation of Universal Primary Education policy in Uganda. The authors view the identified impediments as social injustice practices. In exploring the phenomenon, this study deployed a qualitative research approach within a constructivist paradigm. The authors located their thesis within Rawl’s perspective of social justice. This theoretical lens is fundamental and apposite in education in that social justice theorists believe that schools as social systems should create opportunities for inclusive and enabling schooling environments, and in addition provide quality education for students. This study is of great significance in that it contributes to the epistemology in the discipline of the management of universal primary education. The study yielded critical findings which can be summarized as follows: limited capitation grants, demotivated teachers, challenges related to stakeholder collaboration and coordination, communication, cooperation, engagement and consultation.
Inclusion of Newcomer Children in Preschool: The Case of Latvia
Authors: Tarune Iluta , Usca Svetlana , Dzerviniks Janis
Published: February 2024

The ethnic and cultural diversity of today’s society calls for sustainable intercultural education in an inclusive environment. The inclusion of newcomer children in the Latvian education system has become a topical issue with the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The preschool period is the time when the foundation for future achievements is laid; in an inclusive environment, children’s knowledge and skills are fostered to find solutions in the sustainable society of the future. The readiness of preschool teachers for working with newcomer children is determined by the set of competences teachers have in place for the successful inclusion of newcomers in preschool education. A preschool teacher’s competence to work with newcomers is a complex construct which includes many sub-competences. In their research, the authors identify knowledge, skills and attitudes that characterize a teacher’s work with newcomer children in an inclusive environment. The results show that Latvia’s preschool teachers lack the knowledge and skills for working with newcomer children, and their attitude towards these children is not always positive.
Navigating Neonatal Cardiovascular Emergencies: A Comprehensive Narrative Review on Assessment and Intervention Strategies
Authors: Moisa Stefana Maria , Brinza Crischentian , Floria Mariana , Burlacu Alexandru
Published: February 2024

The evaluation and management of congenital heart diseases (CHDs) in neonates are pivotal aspects of pediatric care given the substantial prevalence of this condition. This review emphasizes the urgency of timely recognition and intervention, as a notable proportion of affected neonates face critical illness shortly after birth. The multidisciplinary approach involving neonatologists, pediatricians, and obstetricians is essential to address the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges inherent in neonatal cardiac emergencies. The insights presented herein aim to guide medical practice, enhance early recognition, and ultimately improve outcomes for newborns grappling with critical heart conditions. Key proactive measures advocated include prenatal screening, facilitating early identification of potential cardiac anomalies. Advanced imaging techniques, such as fetal echocardiography, have a crucial role in enabling detailed examinations, contributing to the prenatal diagnosis of major CHDs. The review underscores the importance of preparing medical teams during the prenatal period for potential postnatal complications, emphasizing the necessity of a holistic approach to the care of neonates who survive critical episodes. Continued research and clinical advancements remain imperative to refine strategies and optimize care for this vulnerable patient population. The provided data serve as a valuable guide for healthcare professionals and could improve the outcomes of neonates confronting the challenges of CHD.
PROCENA STANJA I ENERGETSKA SANACIJA ZGRADE OSNOVNE ŠKOLE "14. OKTOBAR“ U DRAGINCU
Authors: Tadić Aleksandar
Published: February 2024

Rad se sastoji iz teorijskog i praktičnog dela. U teorijskom delu se obrađuje tema bezbednosti od požara fasadnih zidova zgrada. U praktičnom delu je prikazan kratak tehnički opis objekta, osnovne škole 14. Oktobar u selu Draginac kraj Loznice. Izvršen je makro­skopski vizuelni pregled zgrade sa spoljašnje i unutrašnje strane, kako bi se registrovala oštećenja i defekti i ocenilo stanje zgrade sa aspekta nosivosti i trajnosti. Urađen je proračun energetske efikasnosti i dobijen je energetski razred objekta. Predložene su mere za energetsku sanaciju i urađen je novi proračun energetske efikasnosti. Upoređeni su rezultati postojećeg i energetski saniranog objekta.
ИДЕЈНО РЕШЕЊЕ НАВОДЊАВАЊА ПОЉОПРИВРЕДНОГ ЗЕМЉИШТА У МАГЛИЋУ
Authors: Џакула Синиша
Published: February 2024

У раду је приказана методологија пројектовања система за наводњавање пољопривредне површине од 320 ha у Маглићу, његова функционалност и примена. Кроз теоретске основе, преко анализа климатских услова, водног биланса и режима вода, затим преко мелиоративних основа, хидрауличког прорачуна и графичких прилога, дошло се до коначног решења којима је реализован овај рад.
ПРОЈЕКАТ РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЈЕ РАСКРСНИЦЕ УЛИЦА “БУЛЕВАР ЕВРОПЕ” И ”ФУТОШКИ ПУТ” У НОВОМ САДУ
Authors: Перуничић Радош
Published: February 2024

Овим радом разрађене су техничке основе и анализа примјене раскрсница са кружним током у градовима, као и идејно рјешење реконструкције раскрснице улица  ''Булевар Европе'' и ''Футошки пут'' у Новом Саду. Пројектом је предвиђена примјена раскрснице са кружним током на мјесту постојеће класичне четворокраке раскрснице.
“Voz de gente”: espaço e história em dois poemas de Drummond
Authors: Vonk Arthur
Published: February 2024

Resumo De uma carta escrita por Manuel Bandeira em 1931, Drummond desentranha dois poemas-chave de Sentimento do mundo, que fazem do espaço social do Rio de Janeiro um problema estético. Ao enlaçar as tensões históricas sedimentadas na paisagem à configuração da voz poética, “Privilégio do mar” e “Noturno à janela do apartamento” elaboram estratégias de politização atentas tanto à emergência do conflito de classes como à situação de opressão estadonovista. Palavras-chave: Carlos Drummond de Andrade; Sentimento do mundo; Manuel Bandeira; Modernismo brasileiro; anos 1930.
Discourses on Opioid Addiction and Its Treatment and Management in South Africa Since 2000: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khumalo Thabani , Mtambo Thembeka , Van Deventer Marco , Mdluli Nonhlanhla , Makhathini Niyanda
Published: February 2024

In this article, we undertake a systematic review of the opioid addiction crisis in South Africa, with a particular focus on the country’s response since the emergence of the drug around 2000. The spotlight is on a specific opioid locally known as whoonga or nyaope, which has been driving a significant increase in addiction, particularly among youths in marginalised communities, including townships and squatter settlements. Drawing parallels with the past HIV/AIDS epidemic, characterised by delayed responses and enduring consequences, we provide a comprehensive overview of the ways in which South Africa has been dealing with this challenge. Driven by a solution-based approach, we present the prevailing discourses, extract insights from the country’s documented response, and invite innovative approaches for dealing with the drug that are tailored to the South African context.
A Rapid Review of Impact Assessment of Climate Change on Health and Mental Well-Being in Africa
Authors: Oladimeji Kelechi Elizabeth , Zungu Lindiwe , Chocko Ronnie , Hyera Francis L. , Nyatela Athini , Gumede Siphamandla , Dwarka Depika , Lalla-Edward Samanta Tresha
Published: February 2024

Despite widespread global attention, the potential threats to human health posed by climate change in Africa still need to be further understood. Although there is mounting concern that climate change is a serious risk to human health, less evidence shows a direct causal relationship between climate change and health risks in Africa. In this rapid review, we discuss our synthesis of available evidence on the health implications of climate change with a focus on Africa. PubMed was systematically searched for relevant articles from 2020 to 2023 using a search strategy. Only eligible articles published in the English language with full article access were included for review using the population concept context (PCC) criteria by Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). After removing duplicates, the selection process began with title and abstract screening, followed by screening full-text articles. Of the 3272 articles retrieved, only 10 were eligible for synthesis. We found mainly reported climate exposures to range from drought, concerning rainfall patterns, and increasing temperatures reported to cause morbidity and mortality through health risks: respiratory diseases, vector-borne diseases, cardiovascular diseases and mental health concerns. Africa still has a huge shortage of available evidence, particularly research focusing on the health implications, including mental health of climate change and interventions to prevent climate change-related health consequences. While the limited global evidence indicates that climate change results in an increased risk to public health, there are gaps in demonstrating the causal links between climate change and societal mental health impacts in Africa. There is also an urgent need for more research on effectively addressing climate hazards that threaten the African continent's public health and well-being.
NMR contributions to the study of water transfer in proton exchange membranes for fuel cells
Authors: Perrin Jean-Christophe , El Kaddouri Assma , Guendouz Laouès , Mrad Christine , Mozet Kévin , Dillet Jérôme , Leclerc Sébastien , Lottin Olivier
Published: February 2024

As programs to support efficient and sustainable energy sources are expanding, research into the potential applications of the hydrogen vector is accelerating. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are electrochemical converters that transform the chemical energy of hydrogen into electrical energy. These devices are used today for low- and medium-power stationary applications and for mobility, in trains, cars, bicycles, etc. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells use a polymer membrane as the electrolyte. The role of the membrane is multiple: it must separate gases, be an electronic insulator and a very good ionic conductor. In addition, it must resist free-radical chemical attack and have good mechanical strength. Nafion-type perfluorinated membranes have all these properties: the fluorinated backbone is naturally hydrophobic, but the hydrophilic ionic groups give the material excellent water sorption properties. The water adsorbed in the structure is extremely mobile, acting as a transport medium for the protons generated at the anode. Although it has been studied for a long time and has been the subject of a large number of papers perfluorinated membranes are still the reference membranes today. This article reviews some contributions of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance methods in liquid state to the study of water properties in the structure of Nafion-type perfluorinated membranes.