bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blood volume redistribution on fluid treatments after burn–blast combined injury, especially with respect to the regulation role of microcirculation due to the Fåhraeus effect
Authors: Cai Shaoxi , Wu Zezhi , Zhou Jihong , Yin Zhiyong
Published: December 2024

Considering the Fåhraeus effect and the blood volume regulation role of the microcirculation, we used a new method for calculating the blood volume change in microcirculation, macrocirculation as well as the whole circulation ( $\Delta V_{{\rm mic}}$ , $\Delta V_{{\rm mac}}$ , $\Delta V_{{\rm b}}$ ), to compare fluid therapy effects of hypertonic saline dextran solution (HSD) and lactic Ringer’s solution at the early stage after burn–blast combined injury (BBI). The measurement of plasma viscosity was used in this calculation. The results showed that, with calculation of the blood volume change in microcirculation and macrocirculation, this method could more exactly and distinctly display the change and distribution of blood volume during the therapy. It confirms that HSD treatment can increase blood pressure and attenuate tissue edema, by significantly increasing total blood volume, recouping $\Delta V_{{\rm mac}}$ . The study suggests that a desirable and practical clinical method for blood volume change can be developed based on the present study.
Impact of pancreas and kidney transplantation on determinants of blood and plasma viscosity
Authors: Mellinghoff Achim C. , Reininger Armin J. , Wurzinger Laurenz J. , Landgraf Rüdiger , Hepp K. Dietrich
Published: December 2024

Simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation (PKT) is associated with a deterioration of hemorheology. We investigated the determinants of plasma and blood viscosity (hct. 35%) after PKT ( $n=49$ ), in type 1 diabetes ( $n=26$ ) and in healthy controls ( $n=$ 24). Patients after PKT were subdivided due to their graft function (intact pancreas and kidney graft, $n=26$ ; pancreas rejected, intact kidney graft, $n=23$ ). We examined the correlations of total serum protein, albumin, fibrinogen, $\alpha _2$ ‐macroglobulin, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides with plasma and blood viscosity (hct. 35%) measured at a continuous shear range of 600–0.2 s $^{-1}$ with a rotational viscometer (Haake, Germany). Total protein was strongly associated with plasma viscosity in all examined groups ( $r>0.5$ , $p<0.03$ ), it determined blood viscosity over the whole shear range in type 1 diabetic patients, but only at high shear rates after PKT ( $\scriptstyle \geqslant $ 100 s $^{-1}$ ). The strong association of albumin and blood viscosity in type 1 diabetes and in healthy controls (shear rates $\scriptstyle \geqslant $ 10 s $^{-1}$ ) was not found after PKT. Fibrinogen correlated with plasma and blood viscosity ( $\scriptstyle \geqslant $ 25 s $^{-1}$ ) after PKT ( $p<0.03$ ) but not in type 1 diabetic patients or healthy controls. $\alpha _{2}$ ‐macroglobulin correlated with plasma and high shear blood viscosity after PKT only after pancreas rejection, no correlation was found after successful PKT. It also correlated with plasma and blood viscosity at low and high shear rates in type 1 diabetes. Total cholesterol and low shear blood viscosity correlated positively in successfully transplanted patients ( $r>0.44$ ), but negatively after pancreas rejection ( $r> - 0.44$ ). No correlation was found in type 1 diabetic patients, a positive association was found in healthy controls for plasma and low shear blood viscosity. LDL cholesterol correlated negatively (after pancreas rejection) or positively (healthy controls) with low shear blood viscosity ( $p<0.03$ ) and positively with plasma viscosity. HDL cholesterol was negatively associated with high shear blood viscosity in all groups ( $p<0.05$ ), except after successful PKT, where no association was found. It did not correlate with plasma viscosity in any group. Triglycerides did not contribute significantly to blood viscosity in the examined groups. The metabolic alterations after PKT influence plasma proteins, lipids and corpuscular elements of blood with regard to their effect on rheology.
Effects of Ramipril and Isradipin on hemorheological profiles in patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Muravyov A.V. , Zaitsev L.G. , Muravyov A.A. , Yakusevich V.V. , Sirotkina A.M.
Published: December 2024

In this study, the effect of the angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) Ramipril (5 mg/day) and calcium antagonist Isradipin (5 mg/day) treatment of two groups of hypertensive patients ( $n=22$ in each of group) was evaluated. The parameters of the hemorheological profile (blood and plasma viscosity, red blood cell aggregation and deformation, plasma protein concentration and its osmolality, hematocrit and ratio of Hct/blood viscosity) were measured in basal conditions (before treatment) and after 3 weeks of treatment. The patients showed some increased blood, plasma viscosity, RBC aggregability and fibrinogen concentration in basal conditions. In both groups of patients, three main parameters of the hemorheological profile (plasma viscosity, Hct and RBC aggregation) decreased after treatment. No significant changes in red cell deformability was found. In conclusion, ACE inhibition with Ramipril and calcium channel blocking with Isradipin lead to a moderate improvement of blood rheology in patients with hypertension. This may be explained by the pronounced vasodilatatory effect of ACE inhibitor and calcium antagonist, though their acting mechanism is different.
The Role of Informal Traders in Contributing to Community Livelihoods in the post-COVID-19 Pandemic era in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mabhanda Wilson , Dzingirai Mufaro
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of informal traders in contributing to community livelihoods in the post-COVID-19 era. The African philosophy of sustainability is mainly anchored on community livelihoods supported by Ubuntu heritage. Data collection and analysis were conducted using an exploratory study approach. In-depth interviews with twenty informal traders were purposively sampled and data was thematically analysed. The study found that informal trading created an opportunity for employment and poverty alleviation and acted as an economic conduit for development. Traders contributed to local development by completing the supply chain process in their daily livelihood business activities. Moreover, improvements in infrastructure, training, and capacity-building initiatives are necessary to support the development of management skills within the organization. It was established that informal trading is a substantial source of income that helps to improve livelihoods and reduce poverty. Keeping this in mind, employment opportunities are created by the sector, particularly for people with less formal education or skill set. While the role of informal traders in contributing to community livelihoods is a well-established research area, the focus on the post-COVID-19 era adds a layer of novelty to the study. By examining how informal traders have adapted and responded to the pandemic's challenges.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Pemilihan Vendor Jasa Boga Terbaik pada Pusat Bisnis Universitas Terbuka
Authors: Junianto Mochamad Bagoes Satria , Basri Hasan
Published: December 2024

Pusat Bisnis Universitas Terbuka memiliki tugas dan fungsi yang berfokus pada pengelolaan dan pengembangan unit bisnis yang mendukung operasional serta keberlanjutan finansial Universitas Terbuka. Salah satu kebijakan yang ditangani adalah pemilihan vendor jasa boga yang digunakan pada setiap acara dilingkungan Universitas Terbuka. Pemilihan vendor jasa boga yang tepat merupakan faktor krusial dalam memastikan kualitas dan kepuasan pelanggan. Terdapat 12 vendor jasa boga yang menjadi mitra Pusat Bisnis Universitas Terbuka yang mana dalam kebiasaannya hanya dinilai dari penyajian dan kualitas makanan (Rasa). Padahal, disamping 2 kriteria tersebut masih ada beberapa kriteria lagi yang harus menjadi pertimbangan seperti Ketepatan waktu, peminat dan pengalaman vendor (administrasi). Metode SAW dipilih karena kemampuannya dalam melakukan penilaian multi-kriteria secara sederhana dan efisien. Dari 12 vendor jasa boga yang bekerjasama dengan Pusat Bisnis Universitas Terbuka nantinya diberikan peringkat yang mana vendor dengan nilai tertinggi dianggap paling sesuai dengan kebutuhan Pusat Bisnis Universitas Terbuka.Dengan adanya Sistem Penunjang Keputusan ini diharapkan proses pemilihan vendor jasa boga dapat dilakukan secara objektif, transparan dan lebih cepat sehingga mendukung pengambilan keputusan yang lebih baik di Pusat Bisnis Universitas Terbuka.
The Role of Information Systems in Student Organizations at Satya Wacana Christian University
Authors: Delano Theofan , Chernovita Hanna Prillysca
Published: December 2024

Information systems have become an integral component in supporting the operations of student organizations at Satya Wacana Christian University (UKSW). These systems are designed to streamline data management, enhance communication, and improve operational efficiency, ultimately supporting academic and extracurricular activities. Despite their potential, the implementation of information systems in student organizations faces challenges, including technical limitations and resistance to change. This qualitative study employed a case study approach to explore the role, supporting factors, and challenges of information systems in student organizations at UKSW. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with three student leaders, document analysis, and observation. A thematic analysis method was used to categorize and interpret the data, providing a comprehensive understanding of the system's impact and areas for improvement. The findings reveal that information systems significantly improve the efficiency of data management, event coordination, and communication among student organizations. Centralized data systems facilitate task distribution and enhance transparency and accountability. However, challenges such as technical limitations among students, system bugs, and inconsistent updates hinder optimal utilization. Strong institutional support, active student involvement, and continuous training were identified as critical enablers of successful implementation. The study highlights the need for improvements in user training, technical support, and system interactivity to overcome challenges and maximize the benefits of information systems. Recommendations include increasing system user-friendliness, ensuring regular updates, and fostering collaboration between IT teams and student organizations. These steps are crucial for enhancing system adoption, engagement, and overall effectiveness.
KEMAMPUAN NUMERASI SISWA SMP MENGGUNAKAN SOAL TIPE ASESMEN KOMPETENSI MINIMUM
Authors: Mariska Revi , Ratnasari Ratnasari , Nurvicalesti Nikmah
Published: December 2024

Keterampilan numerasi memegang peran penting dalam menghadapi tantangan matematika sehari-hari. Penelitian ini mengkaji perbedaan signifikan dalam kemampuan numerasi siswa sebelum dan setelah penerapan soal tipe AKM Numerasi dalam pembelajaran matematika di SMP Negeri 02 Belitang. Desain yang dipakai merupakan Pre Eksperimental dengan One Group Pretest Posttest Design, dengan data diambil dari tes awal dan tes akhir dalam satu kelompok eksperimen di sekolah tersebut. Metode kuantitatif digunakan bertujuan menguji hipotesis yang telah dirumuskan, dimana variabel bebasnya adalah soal tipe AKM dan variabel terikat yaitu kemampuan numerasi siswa. Populasi pada penelitian ini meliputi semua siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 02 Belitang, menggunakan sampel satu kelas yaitu kelas VII.2, dengan jumlah 30 siswa. Data diperoleh melalui tes pretest dan posttest. Temuan analisis membuktikan adanya perbedaan signifikan dalam kemampuan numerasi siswa setelah intervensi. Nilai t yang dihitung sebesar 1,984 dengan tingkat signifikansi p < 0,05, mengidentifikasikan adanya perbedaan di antara kemampuan numerasi siswa sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran menggunakan latihan soal AKM. Rata-rata persentase N-gain sebesar 57,08% menggambarkan penggunaan soal tipe AKM Numerasi efektif meningkatkan kemampuan numerasi siswa.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA CANVA SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATERI MATRIKS DI SMK
Authors: Jumroh Jumroh , Isroqmi Asnurul , Tullah Rahmat
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis Canva pada materi matriks untuk siswa SMK Negeri 5 Palembang yang memiliki tingkat validitas, kepraktisan, dan efektivitas tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE, yang meliputi lima tahap: Analisis, Desain, Pengembangan, Implementasi, dan Evaluasi. Produk ini diujicoba pada siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 5 Palembang tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket, observasi, dan tes. Hasil validasi dari tiga validator, yaitu dua dosen dan satu guru, menunjukkan tingkat validitas sebesar 94,45%, yang tergolong sangat valid. Tingkat kepraktisan, berdasarkan uji coba kepada siswa, mencapai 78,42% dan dikategorikan praktis. Efektivitas media pembelajaran ini diukur melalui tes kuis, dengan hasil sebesar 90,59%, yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat efektif.
Atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos hidroalcoólicode Eugenia uniflora L. (Myrtaceae) e Schinus molle L.(Anacardiaceae)
Authors: Paiva Luiz Francisley de , Ferreira Fabio Luiz Pereira , Miranda Izaura de Lima , Reis Túlio Custódio
Published: December 2024

The indiscriminate use of antimicrobials available in the market today has been contributing to the increase in the quantity of resistant pathogens. In recent years, significant attention has been given to the use of antimicrobial compounds of natural origin. This growing demand for new bioactive compounds stems from the knowledge that some medicinal plants often exhibit antimicrobial activity. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of hydroalcoholic extracts from the leaves of E. uniflora (Surinam cherry) and S. molle (Brazilian pepper tree) against clinically relevant microorganisms. The leaves were collected from adult plants, identified at the Herbarium of the University of Vale do Sapucaí, where a voucher specimen was deposited. The extract was prepared using the maceration technique in 70% ethanol. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method according to the Kirby-Bauer methodology. The microorganisms used were reference strains of: Escherichia coli ATCC8739, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC9027, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC14028, Candida albicans ATCC90028, Candida glabrata MYA2950, Candida Krusei ATCC6258, Candida parapsilosis ATCC22019, and Candida utilis ATCC9950. The extracts showed antifungal and antibacterial activity against the studied microorganisms. These findings contribute to the potential future use of these plants as antimicrobial agents.
ВАЛЮТНЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ: СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Холодна Юлія
Published: December 2024

Доведено, що валютне регулювання є важливим елементом економічної політики країни. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що вітчизняний валютний ринок в значному ступені віддзеркалює основні тенденції та ситуацію в національній економіці, що цілком відповідає загальним світовим ознакам. Встановлено, що для реалізації процесу валютного регулювання та контролю, в країні використовується система, яка складається з відповідних засобів впливу – інструментів (як ринкових так і адміністративних). Акцентовано увагу на основних інструментах, які складають вітчизняну систему валютного регулювання та контролю. Проаналізовано сучасні тенденції її розвитку. Відзначено особливості регуляторних дій, які були впроваджені на валютному ринку в період воєнного стану. Сформовано перспективні напрями розвитку сфери валютного регулювання в країні.
Accounting aspect of logistics activity in trade
Authors: Melnyk Oleksandr , Sen Vitaii , Holovatskyi Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is the analysis of theoretical and practical approaches to the organization of trade and logistics activities, ensuring accounting of subjects in the field of trade. The activity of the subjects of the trade sphere contributes to the main incentive for the development of own product production, import-export operations and ensures interaction between various business directions. The development of digital technologies in the field of trade encourages the use of new approaches in the logistics activities of entities, the development of new directions of trade, the search for optimal organizational forms of business functioning, control over the movement of goods and the accounting reflection of the obtained results of business activities. In the course of the study, the essence and economic content of the concepts of trade and logistics activity were analyzed and it was determined that the logistics component is present in any trade activity, and the cost of logistics services is a component of the cost of goods. The main areas of commercial activity, including the use of digital technologies, have been formed. It has been studied that from an economic point of view, the development of digital technologies has provided access to their wider use in trade and contributes not only to its development, but also provoked the development of adjacent branches of the economy related to trade, in particular, its logistics direction. Along with this, the construction of a logistics system requires a scientific approach to the justification and classification of costs, their proper documentation and reflection in the accounting accounts with subsequent attribution to the cost of sold products. It is emphasized that logistics costs in trading activities consist of several main components, in particular: costs aimed at ensuring the arrival of goods to the trading point, as well as costs for storing such goods in a trading hall or logistics warehouse, sales costs associated with the delivery of goods to the buyer. It is noted that the effective organization of the subject's trading activity is ensured by the integration of certain elements of logistics in the business activity for the creation of logistics chains and a logistics system of management direction, which leads to the optimization of accounting processes from the movement of commodity values.
Topology of the concept of business consulting: statistical approach
Authors: Romanova Olha
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of business consulting and the need for its terminological unification in the legislative field of Ukraine. The study revealed that Ukraine currently lacks a clear regulatory framework for the regulation of consulting activities, which creates difficulties for scientific research and practical application of this concept. The paper examines the relevance of unifying the legislative definition of consulting and its varieties, in particular "business consulting". Based on the analysis of existing scientific publications and empirical studies, the role of business consulting in the economic activities of business entities is determined. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of recent studies that reflect the growing importance of management consulting services covering the areas of law, engineering, accounting, marketing and IT technologies. The trend of increasing demand for consulting services, which play an important role in the development of the modern economy, is separately emphasized. The purpose of the study was to deepen the meaning of the concept of business consulting, to understand its main types and to find sources of information for further statistical analysis of the consulting services market. The work also raises the question of the impact of institutional uncertainty on the development of consulting activities and gives examples of functional areas in which this sector is developing in Ukraine. The conclusions indicate that business consulting can be defined through the concept of «consulting services related to cooperation»; using special knowledge and technologies, business consulting helps to increase the efficiency of client organizations and provides long-term value for all stakeholders. Analysis of the identified business consulting services of foreign economic activity by types of economic activity in statistical classifiers allowed us to identify the main types of business consulting. Thus, the work offers prospects for further improvement of the terminological base of consulting in the legislation of Ukraine, which can contribute to a more structured and effective development of this segment of the market of knowledge-intensive business services.
Evolution of the accountant profession: current state and future
Authors: Bilous Olga
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of historical aspects, the current state and prospects for the development of one of the oldest professions, namely the profession of accountant. The article studies the origin of the term «accountant» and its interpretation. The first mention of an accountant dates back to 1498, although the origin of accounting is traced back to ancient times. But the whiteness of the researchers believes that the real accounting business was started in Ancient Egypt approximately in the IV-III millennium BC, when there was a need to take into account values, organize public works and collect taxes. There are many historical finds confirming this fact (ancient papyri with inventory lists of property, the Rhind papyrus and others. The article considers the outstanding contribution to the development of accounting by Luca Pacioli, who is the author of the first accounting book, published in 1494. in Venice «Treatise on Accounts and Records». Luca Pacioli made a significant contribution to the development of accounting: he proposed a double entry; gave an explanation of debit and credit accounts; proposed personification of accounts; carried out the first classification of accounts; described the procedure for registering business transactions using records in three books: Memorial, Journal and General Ledger; implemented fundamental accounting rules. The article considers the revival of the development of accounting during the New Age and the Industrial Revolution. On the Ukraine territory, accounting was actively developed only in the 19th century, inheriting the Russian (Dnieper Ukraine) and German (Western Ukraine) models. A significant contribution to the development of science, training of specialists and educational literature was made by the Ukrainian diaspora. In historiography sources, numerous facts of significant participation of scientists of economic profile from Western Ukrainian and Dnieper territories in the Ukrainian scientific development and educational institutions in exile are given. During the Soviet regime in the history of the development of accounting, there is significant oppression, the accounting profession became unpopular and low-paid. The impetus for the development of accounting in Ukraine was the declaration of independence in 1991, and in 1999 the Law of Ukraine «On Accounting and Financial Reporting in Ukraine» was adopted, which is actually the foundation of accounting. The article draws attention to the fact that despite the numerous improvements to this day there is no single clear interpretation of the essence of the profession of accountant. The dynamic development of information technology makes significant adjustments to the development of accounting and the requirements of the accounting profession. The profession of accountant combines a variety of activities, which include accounting, audit, economics, expertise, business analytics, tax and customs affairs, as well as IT technologies and much more.
Formulation of an internet marketing strategy using AI for analyzing consumer behavior patterns in wartime conditions
Authors: Hryzhak Volodymyr , Borysova Tetiana , Dudar Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

The study presents the results of research on ways to adapt online marketing strategies to changes in consumer behavior models caused by war, using artificial intelligence. An analysis of academic literature revealed a lack of research on theoretical and methodological approaches to strategic planning of marketing activities on the Internet in wartime. The purpose of this article was to explore the specifics of forming an internet marketing strategy that takes into account consumer behavior models during the war with the help of artificial intelligence. The following methods were used in the study: eyetracking, EEG, comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization, and graphical representation. Given that consumer orientation is one of the key objectives in strategic online marketing planning, and considering the specifics of the research subject, the article examines possible approaches to developing an internet marketing strategy based on consumer behavior models during the war and the use of artificial intelligence. It was found that an effective internet marketing strategy in wartime should be flexible, empathetic, and focused on meeting current consumer needs. Continuous analysis of the changing situation and prompt responses to challenges are essential to maintaining customer trust and loyalty. The study reveals that large international brands in the Ukrainian market are adjusting their communication strategies to align with the new realities and consumer needs during the war. They maintain a focus on empathy, social responsibility, transparency, and active support for the Armed Forces of Ukraine and internally displaced persons, which helps preserve audience trust and loyalty. It was also proven that AI, as a modern technology, shows significant potential for use in marketing and digital advertising, as evidenced by international research and increasing investment volumes. The integration of AI into internet marketing not only meets current audience needs but also allows for prompt responses to changes in consumer behavior driven by wartime conditions and other external factors. We anticipate the increased use of AI in domestic marketing practices for automating call centers, engaging customers, generating video and photo content, and SEO. Based on the results of the neuroresearch, a series of recommendations has been proposed for developing an online communication strategy. Future research will focus on developing a methodological approach for evaluating attention levels when viewing content on a company's commercial pages and website.
Rational use of the «Golden Section of Pythagoras», «Golden Sections of Archimedes» and Fibonacci numbers in the development of TM and brand in marketing
Authors: Vasylyshyn Vladyslav
Published: December 2024

The article investigates the use of Fibonacci numbers and «golden sections» of Archimedes and Pythagoras in their use in architecture, art, painting, engineering, medicine, chemistry, physics, mathematics and other spheres of human life. It is also known that in the world around us all nature is built and develops on the principles of the golden ratio of Fibonacci numbers and the golden ratio of Archimedes and Pythagoras in their increasing and decreasing series. It is also known that the whole and its parts in the living world are also built on the principle of the golden ratio. Scientists have also proveт that our eye and its structure are also «designed» by nature on the basis of the golden ratio. Data transmission, which perceives the human eye is transmitted to the human brain waves also on the principles of the golden ratio. That is, what surrounds us and how we built in nature is built on the principles of the golden ratio. That is, our life is based on the principles of the golden ratio. Everything that man creates to make it rational, natural, beautiful and we like should also be built on the principles of the golden ratio and Fibonacci numbers. Since the information that we perceive by 90% passes through the eyes, and what we perceive most (about 70%) is the form, and the other 20% are colours, signs, drawings, inscriptions, in order to properly influence a person naturally and especially for «green» brands and TMs, which can be transmitted through packaging, the product or service itself, or communication, or presentation or in any other way, we must use Fibonacci numbers and golden sections. It is proposed to use the golden ratio in marketing when planning and managing an enterprise, in particular for calculating and forecasting prices, the appearance and size of packaging, as well as developing color schemes for packaging, trademarks, brands, placing goods on shelves, the shape and placement of labels on packaging and everything else related to the shape, size, color schemes, signs and symbols; calculating and looking at shelving inside and outside points of sale; developing a communications plan and implementing it, developing and managing musical accompaniment, smells and other means, which improves perception and communication, ranging from individual brands to product brands, companies, distributors, customer brands and «green brands».
The words of hate speech: A lexical study of homotransphobia in an Italian Twitter corpus
Authors: Safina Elena Sofia
Published: December 2024

The everyday discursive production of dehumanising representations and stereotypical beliefs regarding the LGBTQIA+ community undermines the self-respect of both individuals and the target group by damaging their social agency and entitlement dimensions.This chapter proposes a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the TWEER corpus, which consists of 5660 Italian tweets on queer topics. The aims of the work are quantifying the presence of hate speech online and describing the main linguistic features that characterise such language in Italian. Quantitative analysis consists in a manual annotation of the corpus based on a fine-grained scheme comprising six labels (Sanguinetti et al. 2018): hate speech, intensity of hate, aggressiveness, offensiveness, irony, and stereotype. We found that hate speech covers 13 per cent of the entire corpus, but only 6 per cent of those tweets contained an explicit inciting of hatred, while most hateful tweets were superficially polite, containing dangerous prejudices against LGBTQIA+ individuals. We then propose a lexical-semantic study on a subcorpus which focuses on isolating the most representative meaning clusters in explicitly hateful texts. By analysing each lexical word, we found three main clusters, namely references to politics, health, and ethics, while mentions of sexual identity issues were far rarer, confirming that even explicit hate relies on a heteronormative matrix rather than an impulsive intolerance of certain kinds of sexual orientations or gender identities.
Homophobic hate speech in Italian tweets: Contextual cues of offensiveness
Authors: De Pascale Stefano , Cavirani Edoardo , Marzo Stefania
Published: December 2024

Social media channels have become omnipresent tools for communicating, sharing knowledge, and establishing communities, but also places where all sorts of hate speech comes to the surface. This chapter contributes to the body of work on online hate speech towards sexual orientation minorities and takes some initial steps towards a quantitative variationist sociolinguistic study of homophobic language in Italian social media. By exploring the different lexicalisations (i.e. near-synonyms) available in Italian for expressing or referring to the concept of "homosexual man" on X (formerly known as Twitter), this study provides both a descriptive and a methodological contribution. For this purpose, we created a dataset of 3000 manually annotated tweets in which at least one of the 33 lexicalisations of the concept "homosexual man" was recorded, and which we annotated for linguistic and stylistic factors that favour the perception of an expression as offensive. Our study shows that the interaction of lexical variation and explicit and implicit contextual cues, such as irony and dialect use, is significant in determining the degree of offensiveness of tweets. Furthermore, this study provides further evidence in favour of using social media as a laboratory for mapping language variation on a large scale, and for reflecting on the refinement of semi-automatic annotation of linguistic, stylistic, and social variables in written social media language.
COVID-19 in France: An Insight into the Recompositions of the Religious in a Secular-Majority Country
Authors: Lancien Anne
Published: December 2024

This chapter aims to show the specific features of COVID-19 management in a secular country, where there is a strict separation between the state and religions. It also shows how the relationship established by the state and the society with each of the religions present in the country affects their reaction to restrictive measures. Two tendencies sum up how COVID-19 impacted religion and its position in French society. It confirms, first, the secularisation of French society and, second, how the collective practice of faith was deemed non-essential. Theoretically, this analysis engages with two discussions. The first deals with an axis of polarisation, namely the secularisation of society, confirmed by the COVID-19 crisis. The second analyses the recomposition of the religious, which the pandemic highlights. The chapter sheds light on this changing face of religion in a secular country, from a legal and sociological perspective.
Samoyed languages in The Oxford Guide to the Uralic Languages
Authors: Kaheinen Kaisla
Published: December 2024

Besprechung
Bakró-Nagy, Marianne & Laakso, Johanna & Skribnik, Elena (eds․). 2022. The Oxford Guide to the Uralic Languages. Oxford University Press. LV + 1115 pp.
Are there Proto-Slavic loanwords in Saami?
Authors: Aikio Ante
Published: December 2024

There are two nouns in Saami languages for which Proto-Slavic loan etymologies have been proposed: Proto-Saami *multtē ‘soap’ and *kuompe̮r ‘mushroom’, allegedly borrowed from Proto-Slavic *mỳdlo ‘soap’ and *gǫba ‘mushroom, fungus’. Both etymologies are critically analyzed, and in the process, new etymologies for several other Saami words are also proposed. It is suggested that the two Slavic loan etymologies are examples of the largely overlooked phenomenon of “chance correspondence”: although the matches between the Saami and the Slavic words are phonologically regular and semantically transparent, they nevertheless very probably result from sheer coincidence. The word *multtē ‘soap’ is showed to have an alternative and far more probable Proto-Norse loan etymology, and the Slavic etymology of the word *kuompe̮r turns out to be weak because it does not account for the stem-final consonant *r. This result entails a valuable methodological lesson: in addition to “chance similarities” between languages, there are also “chance correspondences” between them – that is, words that show a regular phonological and semantic match by pure coincidence. Although the latter are much rarer than the former, they nevertheless seem to be more common than is usually assumed. Because of this, far-reaching conclusions (such as assumptions of contact between two reconstructed proto-languages) should not be based on a mere couple of etymologies, no matter how plausible they may seem superficially.
PRIVAÇÃO DE LIBERDADE E TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO: DESAFIOS PARA A PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE MATEMÁTICA NA EJA DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Paula Vicente de Chaves Dábila , Bertoncini Vicenzi Vinicius
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir os desafios de aliar as Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) à prática pedagógica e à formação de professores de matemática da EJA do Sistema Prisional de Santa Catarina. A partir de uma contextualização histórica da oferta de Educação Matemática para sujeitos privados de liberdade, bem como de uma discussão a respeito dos discursos educativos e judiciários que atravessam essa educação, este artigo visa contribuir para o aprofundamento das possibilidades de ampliação do uso das TDIC para a formação inicial e/ou continuada de professores que ensinam matemática (PEM) em um ambiente necessariamente vigiado. Evidencia-se a necessidade de ampliar o debate sobre a inserção das TDIC em contextos invisibilizados da educação, como o oferecido nos presídios, buscando atrelar tal debate a mudanças do ponto de vista judiciário e político para que se minimizem as desigualdades escolares e sociais entre sujeitos presos e não-presos. O uso de alguns equipamentos, como o data-show, sinaliza que é possível ampliar o debate, mesmo sob o necessário olhar das questões de segurança envolvidas.
Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática. Sistema Prisional. Tecnologias Digitais.
Abstract
This article aims to discuss the challenges of combining Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICT) with pedagogical practice and the training of mathematics teachers at EJA in the Santa Catarina Prison System. Based on a historical contextualization of the provision of Mathematics Education for subjects deprived of liberty, as well as a discussion regarding the educational and judicial discourses that permeate this education, this article aims to contribute to the deepening of the possibilities of expanding the use of technologies for the initial and/or continuing training of teachers who teach mathematics in a necessarily supervised environment. The need to expand the debate on the insertion of technologies in invisible educational contexts, such as that offered in prisons, is evident, seeking to link this debate to changes from a judicial and political point of view so that school and social inequalities between subjects are minimized prisoners and non-prisoners.
Keywords: Mathematics Education. Prison System. Digital Technologies.
Politeness Pragmatic Orientation in the Production of Advice-giving Speech Acts in Arab TV Talent Shows
Authors: Alabdali Tahani
Published: December 2024

Identifying and understanding the distinctive features of speech acts’ realization across different cultures is essential for the pragmatic profiling of any language variety. Existing literature on advice-giving speech acts in Arabic predominantly examines religious texts composed in classical Arabic, overlooking everyday utterances spoken in contemporary Arabic dialects. Although Arabic has many varieties across different cultures, there are some shared values and beliefs that connect various Arab speech communities. Consequently, certain generalizations regarding acceptable politeness patterns in the Arab culture may be established, while acknowledging the presence of cultural and linguistic peculiarities. This study offers a descriptive analysis of spontaneous speech, emphasizing the politeness patterns delineated by Leech (2014), in the context of advice-giving in the Arab culture. The data of this study was obtained from ‘Boulevard Almawaheb’ talent show, comprising a total of seventy-nine advice-giving acts. The analysis followed the mixed-method design, mainly applying qualitative content analysis, supported by quantitative data. The findings indicate a preference for on-record indirect strategies over direct strategies and hints, along with a tendency to prioritize certain constraints, such as Approbation. The present study seeks to address the research gap in advice-giving pragmatic orientation within the Arab culture, with the intention of contributing to the establishment of a comprehensive pragmatic profile of speech acts in the Arab world.
Cross-cultural Romance: A Dialogic Evolution of Arab-Western Relations in Contemporary Arab Anglophone Women’s Literature
Authors: Abu-Shomar Ayman , Salam Wael
Published: December 2024

The current global landscape is characterised by transnationalism and diaspora, concepts that wield tools such as dialogism, heteroglossia, and the ““Unfinalisability”” of the self. In response to these transformative forces, a significant cohort of contemporary Arab Anglophone writers has embraced a dialogic paradigm. This article explores the artistic portrayal of Arab-Western relations through the literary works of two Arab Anglophone women writers: Ahdaf Soueif and Leila Aboulela. Living in the West and writing in English, these authors advocate, although unproblematically, a trans-cultural dialogue that seeks to harmonise shared cultural values across the divide between these two worlds. As migratory intermediaries and translators of culture, they adeptly negotiate the intricacies of intercultural interaction via cross-cultural romantic entanglements. Drawing on Bakhtin’s dialogic paradigm and Soueif’s Mezzaterra, the article further posits that these narratives intentionally foreground dialogic perspectives while subverting the dichotomous tendencies inherent in monolithic nationalism. Ultimately, these authors promote diligent endeavours that critically respond to cultural representations in the context of Arab-Western relations.
Impact of Translator’s Gender and Culture on the Arabic Translations of Morrison's The Bluest Eye: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Chirig Abdelkrim , Bouziane Karima , Zakhir Marouane
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the influence of the gender and culture of Arab male translators on the Arabic translations of Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye. It compares the translations by Kamel Youssef Hessein and Fadel Soultani, and focuses on how gender biases and cultural contexts influence the translation and affect the portrayal of female characters. The study employs a qualitative method, integrating Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Toury's Translational Norms (TN) to assess the Arab male translators' linguistic choices and their impact on the target texts (TTs). Through a paratextual, descriptive, interpretative, and translational norms analysis, the research identifies cases of gender bias, cultural adaptation, and ideological influences in the translations. The findings reveal that male translators' interpretations lead to subtle erasures and alterations of female characters' voices, reflecting certain patriarchal and cultural biases. The study emphasizes the need of taking into account the gender and cultural background of the translator in literary translation.
Engineering extracellular vesicles for targeted therapeutics in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Fu Enze , Pan Kai , Li Zongjin
Published: December 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized particles secreted by cells that play crucial roles in intercellular communication, especially in the context of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). These vesicles carry complex cargo, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, that reflects the physiological or pathological state of their cells of origin. Multiomics analysis of cell-derived EVs has provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying CVDs by identifying specific proteins and EV-bound targets involved in disease progression. Recent studies have demonstrated that engineered EVs, which are designed to carry specific therapeutic molecules or modified to enhance their targeting capabilities, hold promise for treating CVDs. Analysis of the EV proteome has been instrumental in identifying key proteins that can be targeted or modulated within these engineered vesicles. For example, proteins involved in inflammation, thrombosis, and cardiac remodeling have been identified as potential therapeutic targets. Furthermore, the engineering of EVs to increase their delivery to specific tissues, such as the myocardium, or to modulate their immunogenicity and therapeutic efficacy is an emerging area of research. By leveraging the insights gained from multiomics analyses, researchers are developing EV-based therapies that can selectively target pathological processes in CVDs, offering a novel and potentially more effective treatment strategy. This review integrates the core findings from EV multiomics analysis in the context of CVDs and highlights the potential of engineered EVs in therapeutic applications.
Identification of selective sweep and associated QTL traits in Iranian Ovis aries and Ovis orientalis populations
Authors: Taheri Sadegh , Javadmanesh Ali , Zerehdaran Saeed
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Identifying genomic regions under selection is the most challenging issue for improving important traits in animals. Few studies have focused on identifying genomic regions under selection in sheep. The aim of this study was to identify selective sweeps and to explore the relationship between these and quantitative trait loci (QTL) in both domestic and wild sheep species using single nucleotide polymorphism markers (SNPs).

Methods

Genomic data were obtained from the NextGen project, which included genotyping 20 domestic and 14 wild sheep using the Illumina Ovine SNP50K BeadChip. The XP-EHH, iHS, and RSB methods were employed to detect signatures of positive selection.

Results

The results of the iHS method indicated 405 and 275 selective sweeps in domestic and wild sheep, respectively. Additionally, RSB and XP-EHH analyses revealed approximately 398 and 479 selective sweeps in domestic and wild sheep, respectively. Some of the genes associated with important QTL traits in domestic sheep include ADGRB3, CADM1, CAPN2, GALNT10, MTR, RELN, and USP25, while in wild sheep, the relevant genes include ACAN, ACO1, GADL1, MGST3, and PRDM16. Selective sweeps identified in domestic sheep were associated with body weight, muscle weight, milk protein percentage, and milk yield. In contrast, selective sweeps found in wild sheep were linked to average daily gain, bone weight, carcass fat percentage, and dressing percentage.

Discussion

These results indicate that selection by humans and the environment have largely progressed in harmony, highlighting the importance of both economic and environmental traits for survival. Additionally, the identification of potential candidate genes associated with economic traits and genomic regions that have experienced selection can be utilized in sheep breeding programs. However, due to the incomplete information regarding the functional annotation of genes in sheep and the limited sample size, further research with a larger sample group is essential to gain a deeper understanding of the candidate genes linked to economic traits in both domestic and wild sheep. Advancing knowledge in this area can significantly enhance the effectiveness of breeding strategies. The quantitative trait loci identified in this study have the potential to be incorporated into breeding plans for both domestic and wild sheep.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the BAHD gene family in Leonurus japonicus
Authors: Wang Qing , Guo Tongtong , Yi Yuxiao , Zhang Jiaxin , Lv Wenhan , Yang Fengtang , Xu Jianing
Published: December 2024

Acylation represents a pivotal biochemical process that is instrumental in the modification of secondary metabolites throughout the growth and developmental stages of plants. The BAHD acyltransferase family within the plant kingdom predominantly utilizes coenzyme A thioester as the acyl donor, while employing alcohol or amine compounds as the acceptor substrates to facilitate acylation reactions. Using bioinformatics approaches, the LjBAHD gene family members in the genome of Leonurus japonicus (L. japonicus) were identified and characterized including gene structure, conserved motifs, cis-acting elements, and potential gene functions. To elucidate the roles of BAHD genes in various tissues of L. japonicus, the expression profiles of LjBAHD family members across different organs were scrutinized. Under drought stress treatment, some LjBAHDs were upregulation, suggesting their potential involvement in drought response. Notably, a detailed study was conducted on a specific HCT gene (i.e., LjBAHD25) within the BAHD gene family. Analysis of its expression patterns suggested a role for LjBAHD25 in the phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway in L. japonicus, contributing to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites with unique bioactivity. The findings of this study have established a scientific foundation for the subsequent development and functional validation of the BAHD gene family in L. japonicus.