bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kuifje in het Rijksmuseum
Authors: Van Bruaene Anne-Laure
Published: September 2015

Tintin in the RijksmuseumThe Netherlands and Belgium share a long past, but they look at their history in very different ways. The idea of a genuinely national museum for history is almost absurd in federal Belgium, whereas the Netherlands has managed to restore the Rijksmuseum in all its glory. It offers an occasion for Belgians, while being slightly envious, to ask those questions that the Rijksmuseum seems to ignore. What is the exact relation between history and national identity? Can you renovate a building that is the outcome of a nineteenth-century ideological struggle without revealing its many layers to its visitors? Is it sufficient to physically juxtapose moreordinary objects with works that belong to the national artistic canon in  order to be able to speak of a dialogue between history and art? While full of admiration for the aesthetics of the new Rijksmuseum this contribution argues for a more constructivist approach with attention to the rough side of national history.Nederland en België delen een lang verleden, maar de omgang met geschiedenis is toch erg verschillend. Terwijl een echt nationaal museum voor geschiedenis quasi ondenkbaar is in het federale België, is in Nederland het Rijksmuseum in al zijn glorie hersteld. Het is een gelegenheid voor Belgen om een beetje jaloers te zijn, maar ook om de kritische vragen te stellen die het Rijksmuseum naast zich neer lijkt te leggen. Wat is de relatie tussen geschiedenis en nationale identiteit? Kanje zomaar een gebouw renoveren dat het product is van een negentiende-eeuwse ideologische strijd zonder de vele betekenislagen bloot te leggen voor de bezoeker? En volstaat het samen opstellen van meer banale gebruiksvoorwerpen met objecten die tot de nationale artistieke canon behoren om te kunnen gewagen van een dialoog tussen geschiedenis en kunst? Vol bewondering voor de esthetiek van het nieuwe Rijksmuseum pleit deze bijdrage voor een meer constructivistische aanpak met aandacht voor de weerhaken van de nationale geschiedenis.
Verklaren en veroordelen. Enige opmerkingen over recent onderzoek naar seksueel misbruik
Authors: Rooy Piet de
Published: September 2015

Explanation and Judgement: Some Comments on Recent Research into Sexual AbuseSexual abuse and harassment of children in the Dutch Catholic Church was widely reported in 2010. An independent investigation took place covering the period 1945-2010. The main conclusion was that abuse in the Catholic community was as high as in non-Catholic groups. The government ordered a second investigation on abuse in the resident and non-resident youth care. The main conclusion was that abuse was marked by an enormous variety in circumstances and incidents (half of the reported cases took place between coevals). These reports did not satisfy acertain number of victims. The question is whether this type of scientific historic research – directed more by analysis than by condemnation – is capable of giving full satisfaction to traumatised victims.In 2010 kwam in de publiciteit dat ook in Nederland op grote schaal seksueel misbruik van minderjarigen had plaatsgevonden in de Rooms-Katholieke Kerk. Een onafhankelijke commissie heeft daar een omvangrijk onderzoek naar verricht (over de periode 1945-2010). De belangrijkste conclusie was dat een dergelijk misbruik een wijdverbreid verschijnsel was, dat waarschijnlijk in katholieke kring even vaak voorkwam als onder niet-katholieken. Een vergelijkbaar onderzoek werd vervolgens verricht onder kinderen die onder verantwoordelijkheid van de Nederlandse overheid stonden in het kader van de kinderbescherming. De belangrijkste conclusie daarvan was dat het misbruik in zeer verschillende vormen en omstandigheden voorkwam (waaronder vrij frequent tussen leeftijdsgenoten). Een aantal slachtoffers bleek niet zeer tevreden met dit onderzoek, dat zowel onvolledig werd gevonden als te zacht in de conclusies. Daardoor rijst de vraag of een historisch-wetenschappelijk onderzoek, meer gericht op verklaren dan veroordelen, wel in staat is genoegdoening te verschaffen aan getraumatiseerde slachtoffers.
Understanding Emotional Identities: The Dutch Phlegmatic Temperament as Historical Case-Study
Authors: Sturkenboom Dorothee
Published: September 2015

Throughout history emotions and emotional styles have functioned as social markers to make a distinction between groups in societies. This essay introduces the concept of ‘emotional identity’ to reflect upon the underlying dynamic process in which both insiders and outsiders use (the handling of) emotions, or the lack thereof, to characterise a group of persons. Taking the allegedly phlegmatic temperament of the Dutch as an example, it explains how such identities come into being and are sustained, but also contested, reappraised and altered over time. It discusses the non-exclusive and inherently paradoxical nature of emotional group identities as well as some of the key mechanisms and patterns of adjustment that account for the long life of the stereotypes involved. While the essay covers a time span of two millennia, it focuses mainly on the early modern era when classical climate zone theories merged with new modes of national thinking and even allowed for the smooth introduction of an entirely new element into the stolid character of the Dutch, that is, the national passion for profit. This article is part of the special issue 'Batavian Phlegm?'. De dynamiek van emotionele identiteiten. Het Nederlands flegmatisch temperament als historische case-studyEmoties en emotionele stijlen zijn in de geschiedenis regelmatig aangewend als sociaal onderscheidingsmiddel om groepen in de samenleving verschillend te waarderen. Dit artikel introduceert het begrip ‘emotionele identiteit’ om na te kunnen denken over het onderliggende dynamische proces waarin direct betrokkenen en buitenstaanders (het omgaan met) emoties, of het gebrek daaraan, gebruiken om een groep van personen te typeren. Met het verondersteld flegmatisch temperament van de Nederlanders als voorbeeld wordt uitgelegd hoe zulke identiteiten tot stand komen en in stand blijven, maar ook aangevochten kunnen worden en door de tijd heen onderhevig zijn aan veranderingen en herwaarderingen. Besproken worden de niet-exclusieve en inherent paradoxale aard van emotionele groepsidentiteiten alsmede enkele van de sleutelmechanismen en aanpassingspatronen die de duurzaamheid van de stereotypen in kwestie verklaren. Terwijl het artikel een periode van twee millennia beslaat, ligt de focus op de vroegmoderne tijd toen klassieke klimaattheorieën opgingen in nieuwe wijzen van nationaal denken en er onverwacht zonder noemenswaardige problemen een verrassend nieuw element in het onverstoorbare karakter van de Nederlander geïntroduceerd werd: de nationale passie voor profijt. Dit artikel maakt deel uit van het themanummer 'Batavian Phlegm?'.
'Rustig en beheerscht’ Nederlands gevangenispersoneel tijdens de Duitse bezetting, 1940-1945
Authors: Futselaar Ralf , Zwarte Ingrid de
Published: September 2015

During the German occupation of the Netherlands Dutch civilian prisons and jails were routinely used by German organisations such as the Sicherheitsdienst for the internment of political prisoners and occasionally Jewish citizens. Dutch prison staff functioned as the guards of these prisoners, but also as intermediaries between political prisoners and their supporters outside. Their complex position makes prison staff an excellent case study to better understand the position of Dutch citizens in general, and especially civil servants, between the extremes of resistance and collaboration.Tijdens de bezetting maakten Duitse organisaties zoals de Sicherheitsdienst stelselmatig gebruik van Nederlandse gevangenissen en huizen van bewaring voor de internering van politieke (verzets-) gevangenen, en incidenteel ook voor joodse burgers. Het Nederlandse gevangenispersoneel deed enerzijds dienst als bewakers van deze gevangenen, maar faciliteerde anderzijds clandestiene contacten tussen gevangenen en de buitenwereld. Hun gecompliceerde positie maakt gevangenispersoneel tot een interessante casus voor de bestudering van zowel het Nederlandse ambtenarenapparaat, als van de meerderheid van de Nederlandse burgers, die in de oorlogsjaren laveerden tussen collaboratie en verzet.
Success of a Belgian Political Elite
Authors: Mazower Mark
Published: September 2015

This review of Martin Conway’s The Sorrows of Belgium notes its emphasis on continuities across the liberation and its implicit reperiodisation of Belgian history so that the 1960s rather than 1945 mark the real break with the country’s nineteenth century past. Conway argues that this continuity was facilitated by a widespread desire for a return to normalcy, a desire which helped political elites inside and outside parliament reassert the central role of the state in the country’s life. Mark Mazower also discusses Conway’s treatment of political ideas, especially those that emerged in response to the occupation. This review is part of the discussion forum 'The Sorrows of Belgium' (Martin Conway).Succes van een Belgische politieke eliteDeze bespreking van Martin Conway’s The Sorrows of Belgium benadrukt de continuïteit na de bevrijding en de impliciete nieuwe periodisering van de Belgische geschiedenis die in Conway’s boek centraal staan, waarbij de jaren 1960 in plaats van 1945 de echte breuk met het negentiende-eeuwse verleden van het land markeren. Conway stelt dat deze continuïteit werd vergemakkelijkt door een wijdverbreid verlangen naar normaliteit, een wens die de politieke elites binnen en buiten het parlement hielp de centrale rol van de staat in het dagelijkse leven opnieuw te bevestigen. Mark Mazower bespreekt ook Conway’s uiteenzetting van politieke ideeën, met name de ideeën die ontstonden als reactie op de bezetting.  Deze recensie maakt deel uit van het discussiedossier 'The Sorrows of Belgium' (Martin Conway).
Verhalen sprokkelen langs de frontlijn. Een kritische blik op Ten Oorlog
Authors: Boers Hans , Dobbels Jelena , Leonard Ingrid
Published: September 2015

Dit artikel werpt een kritische blik op het populaire televisieprogramma Ten Oorlog en gaat daarbij in op het spanningsveld tussen geschiedenis en entertainment, tussen historici en ‘het publiek’. Geschiedenis kan via verschillende formats zoals een historische documentaire of een reisprogramma aan bod komen op televisie. Een analyse van deze formats geeft aan in welke mate Ten Oorlog hierop geïnspireerd is. Het populaire televisieprogramma was echter van begin af aan niet als een klassieke historische documentaire bedoeld en kan misschien het bestomschreven worden als een historisch human interest programma, in het kader van de grootschalige herdenking van de Eerste Wereldoorlog. Hoe verhoudengeschiedenis en entertainment zich daarin? Helt de balans meer over naar historische omkadering of naar anekdotische verhalen? Deze analyse van Ten Oorlog illustreert de gespannen relatie tussen historici en het grote publiek. Dit artikel maakt deel uit van het forum 'Historische televisieproducties'. Gathering Stories along the Front: A Critical Look at Ten Oorlog [To War]This article reflects critically on the popular television programme Ten Oorlog, thereby examining the field of tension between history and entertainment, between historians and ‘the public’. History can be addressed via various television formats as an historical documentary or a travel programme. An analysis indicates the extent to which Ten Oorlog is inspired by these formats. However, the popular television programme from the outset was not conceived as a classic historical documentary and perhaps can best be described as a historical human interest programme as part of the large-scale commemoration of the First World War. How do history and entertainment relate to one another in this programme? Is there more emphasis on the historical context or on anecdotal stories? This analysis of Ten Oorlog illustrates the tense relation between historians and ‘the public’. This article is part of the forum 'Historische televisieproducties'.
As origens das orações correlativas em português
Authors: Carvalho Wandercy de
Published: September 2015

RESUMO:

Meu objetivo é identificar e descrever as origens das orações correlativas da língua portuguesa. No primeiro momento será efetuado o levantamento dos possíveis estudos referentes ao caso, em seguida serão identificados os elementos linguísticos que deram origens às construções argumentativas correlativas. O estudo será desenvolvido com base em FARIA (1962), OITICICA (1952); BECHARA (2001) e outros. O corpus é composto com os seguintes vocábulos latinos: non solum... sed etiam, talis qualis, sicut, velut. Os resultados demonstram que os vocábulos latinos destacados, propiciaram o uso de construções correlativas, tais como: não só... mas também, assim como... assim também.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Origens, orações correlativas.
DEMOCRACIA DA ÁGUA: DAS POLÍTICAS INTERNACIONAIS À ATUAÇÃO DE UMA MICROBACIA HIDROGRÁFICA
Authors: Oliveira Celso Maran de , Pozzi Cláudia Elisabeth , Ferrati Laura Cristina de Lourdes Bueno , Cardoso Fernanda Soares
Published: September 2015

O reconhecimento do direito democrático à água enreda-se como paradoxo e desafio à globalização: novos sujeitos de direitos no exercício de uma cidadania ativa a autodeterminar o uso e a cogestão dos recursos hídricos como política de Estado. Redesenha-se o sujeito de direitos como um sujeito-cidadão, dotado de poder decisório já não mais exclusivo do Estado, em que o ativismo dos sujeitos toma corpo, não somente como destinatários, mas também corresponsáveis pela gestão do meio ambiente, no direito-dever de cuidar e administrar o ambiente da vida, de participar da vida política e econômica da sociedade na expressão jurídica de um pluralismo que se opõe à centralidade estatal na regulação e produção de normas e direitos. A problemática ínsita à democracia hídrica – acesso e cogestão individual e comunitária. São apresentadas as experiências de participação popular nas políticas hídricas, desde o internacional até a atuação em uma microbacia hidrográfica.
The Effect of Surfactants on Vertical Air/Water Flow for Prevention of Liquid Loading
Authors: van Nimwegen A. T. , Portela L. M. , Henkes R. A.
Published: September 2015

From field experience in the gas industry, it is known that injecting surfactants at the bottom of a gas well can prevent liquid loading. To better understand how the selection of the surfactant influences the deliquification performance, laboratory experiments of air/water flow at atmospheric conditions were performed, in which two different surfactants (a pure surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and a commercial surfactant blend) were added to the water. In the experiments, a high-speed camera was used to visualize the flow, and pressure-gradient measurements were performed. Both surfactants increase the pressure gradient at high gas-flow rates and decrease the pressure gradient at low gas-flow rates. The minimum in the pressure gradient moves to lower gas-flow rates with increasing surfactant concentration. This is related to the transition between annular flow and churn flow, which is shifted to lower gas-flow rates because of the formation of an almost stagnant foam substrate at the wall of the pipe. At high surfactant concentration, it appears that the churn flow regime is no longer present at all and that there is a direct transition from annular flow to slug flow. The results also show that the critical micelle concentration, the equilibrium surface tension, the dynamic surface tension, and the surface elasticity are poor predictors of the effect of the surfactant on the flow.
Stochastic Study of Reservoir and Completion Parameters in Liquid Rich Shale
Authors: Khanal A.. , Khoshghadam M.. , Lee W. J.
Published: September 2015

Development of liquid rich shale (LRS) reservoirs has gained tremendous momentum in recent years. A detailed understanding of fluid behavior, completion practices and reservoir dynamics is essential to accurately predict their long-term performance. This paper uses stochastic reservoir modelling to identify the optimal values for several completion and uncertainty parameters.

A compositional reservoir simulation model for a typical gas condensate well in the Eagle Ford shale was used to identify the optimal production strategies for maximum EUR of oil and gas. The important factors considered for the study are fracture spacing, fracture conductivity, fracture half-length, well spacing, porosity, permeability, initial GOR and well constraints. These factors are often studied independently of one another and their interaction is usually ignored. For example, in a higher permeability play, greater fracture density leads to rapid recovery but ultimate cumulative production does not improve. However, for a play with lower permeability, greater fracture density improves both recovery rate and EUR thereby leading to improved overall economics. Thus, interaction effects due to coupling can have a decisive effect on the overall performance of a reservoir. This paper presents a statistical study of both independent and coupled effects on ultimate oil and gas production from a LRS gas condensate reservoir.

The results show that fracture half-length and fracture spacing have the most complex and significant effects on performance of the reservoirs studied. High initial rates are often preferred in unconventional reservoirs with their rapid rates of decline. These high rates can be achieved with larger fracture half-lengths and smaller fracture spacing. This study shows that high initial rate of production leads to a greater liquid dropout and larger condensate banking. These results also reduce the production rate of gas due to relative permeability effects. Return on investment is reduced due to reduced cumulative production and excess spending on fracture creation. Similar effects were observed for other factors like well constraints where higher minimum flowing bottom-hole pressure led to lower cumulative gas production and lower liquid dropout. In some cases higher bottom-hole pressure might be preferable due to the differential in the price of condensate and gas.

The sensitivity studies in this study provide considerable insight into the long-term production behavior in LRS gas condensate reservoirs. During the initial phase of a project, uncertainties related to various field parameters and their coupled effects are often ignored leading to suboptimal returns on investment.
Wavelet-based trend analysis of hydrological processes at different timescales
Authors: Nourani Vahid , Nezamdoost Nasrin , Samadi Maryam , Daneshvar Vousoughi Farnaz
Published: September 2015

This study analyzes involved trends in stream flow and precipitation data at monthly, seasonal and annual timescales observed at six precipitation and four stream flow stations of Tampa Bay using non-parametric Mann–Kendall (MK) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) methods. The MK test and sequential MK analysis were applied to different combinations of DWT after removing the effect of significant lag-1 serial correlation to calculate components responsible for trend of the time series. Also, the sequential MK test was used to find the starting point of changes in annual time series. The results showed that negative trend is prevalent in the case study; generally, short-term periods were important in the involved trend at original time series. Thus, the precipitation data at three scales showed short-term periods of 2 months, 6 months and 2 years in monthly, seasonal and annual scales, respectively. In the greatest stream-flow time series at three timescales, wavelet-based detail at level 2 plus the approximations time series was conceded as the dominant periodic component. Finally, the results of Sen's trend analysis, applied to the original annual time series, also confirmed the results of the proposed wavelet-based MK test in most cases.
Trend analysis in climatic variables and impacts on rice yield in Nigeria
Authors: Akinbile C. O. , Akinlade G. M. , Abolude A. T.
Published: September 2015

The effects of changes in meteorological parameters on rice yield variations were considered. Weather parameters, temperature (T), rainfall (R), relative humidity (RH) and solar radiation (SR), and rice yield variation for Ibadan were analyzed. Meteorological parameters were obtained from the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture while rice yield data were obtained from the Africa Rice Centre both in Nigeria for three decades (1980–2010). Trends analysis of past and recent variations using the weather parameters obtained showed trends of variability of each parameter with respect to rice yield. Mann–Kendall trend and Sen's slope tests were performed on the respective meteorological variables while correlation, multiple regression and variability index (VI) were also computed for these parameters. Results showed that T, RH and rice yield were negative and decreased significantly (P < 0.001) while R and SR showed statistically non-significant increasing trends in the last three decades. R and T decreased at the rate of 3% per year and 0.03% per decade, respectively. Results of annual VI showed that decreases observed in RH, SR and rice yield were rather recent. T, SR and R were found to have the most significant effect on rice yield of all the meteorological parameters considered.
Modeling the impacts of climate change and future land use variation on microbial transport
Authors: Coffey Rory , Benham Brian , Kline Karen , Leigh Wolfe Mary , Cummins Enda
Published: September 2015

The impact of waterborne micro-organisms (potentially pathogenic) on public health may be exacerbated by the combined effects of climate and land use change. We used watershed modeling to assess the potential effects of climate change and future land management scenarios on microbial water quality in the Pigg River watershed, located in southwest Virginia, USA. The hydrologic simulation program in Fortran, climate forecasts from the Consortium for Atlantic Regional Assessment, future projections for land management, and current watershed data were used to simulate a range of potential future scenarios for the period 2040–2069. Results indicate that changes in climate will have the most significant impact on microbial fate and transport, with increased loading driven by trends in seasonal and annual precipitation. High flow and low flow periods represent periods of greatest uncertainty. As climate factors are to an extent uncontrollable, adaptation measures targeting land based source loads will be required to maintain water quality within existing regulatory standards. In addition, new initiatives may need to be identified and incorporated into water policy. This is likely to have repercussions for all watershed inhabitants and stakeholders, but will assist in sustaining water quality standards and protecting human health.
Vulnerability of Mexico City's water supply sources in the context of climate change
Authors: Martinez Sandra , Kralisch Stefanie , Escolero Oscar , Perevochtchikova Maria
Published: September 2015

In the context of growing urbanization and climate change, the issue of how to best secure and increase future water supply in developing countries is key. To support informed decision-making in Mexico City, a comprehensive study was conducted to assess the potential effects of climate change and the vulnerability of water sources. The infrastructural, environmental and administrative factors affecting the water available from each source were identified and evaluated, and then combined with the likely impacts in regional water availability estimated using results from two global circulation models and two emission scenarios. The results obtained indicate that the water sources outside Mexico City, such as the Cutzamala and Lerma systems, are the most vulnerable. The current situation is likely to become worse as a result of climate change, as projections suggest a 10–17% reduction in water availability by 2050. When responsible agencies decide the strategies to secure and increase water supply, they will have to consider the prevailing and potential conflicts, the local water demand, the contribution to the city's greenhouse gas emissions and future changes in water availability.
Reliable Assessors of Infant Cranial Asymmetry in Child Health Care
Authors: Lennartsson Freda , Wennergren Göran , Nordin Per
Published: September 2015

Introduction:

Acquired cranial asymmetry is prevalent in infants today and largely attributed to the supine sleep position recommended for infant safety. There is a risk of permanent cranial asymmetry, so prevention and early detection are important. A prevention project was initiated in Sweden, and an intervention was planned. The aim of this study was to evaluate reliability of assessors judging infant cranial asymmetry in order to evaluate if they could be considered reliable interchangeable assessors in the planned intervention.

Materials and Methodology:

Five assessors were taught how to assess infant cranial asymmetry using illustrated severity assessments. They were intra-rater and inter-rater reliability tested by taking a photograph test-retest and an infant test. Agreement matrices were devised to illustrate assessor agreement based on bothtypeanddegreeof cranial asymmetry. Agreement based on degree of asymmetry was analyzed by calculating AC2 using quadratic weights. Results were adjusted to arrive at the perceived genuine agreement and interpreted according to Landis and Koch’s strength of agreement intervals.

Results:

In the photograph test, mean percentage of perfect intra-rater agreement was 73. Adjusted mean intra-rater AC2 was 0.69 [0.63; 0.76], and adjusted inter-rater AC2s were 0.72 [0.64; 0.81] and 0.71 [0.63; 0.79]. In the infant test, the adjusted inter-rater AC2 was 0.73 [0.60; 0.87]. Results indicate substantial strength of assessor agreement.

Conclusion:

Assessors were reliable and interchangeable. In a larger clinical context, results indicate that educating child health care nurses to assess infant cranial asymmetry can be used for early detection.
Secondary metabolite content and in vitro biological effects of Ajuga chamaepitys (L.) Schreb. subsp. chamaepitys
Authors: Jakovljevic Dragana , Vasic Sava , Stankovic Milan , Comic Ljiljana , Topuzovic Marina
Published: September 2015

The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and contents of total phenolics
and flavonoids of Ajuga chamaepitys (L.) Schreb. subsp. chamaepitys
(Lamiaceae) were investigated. Five different extracts from aboveground
flowering plant parts were obtained by extraction with water, methanol,
acetone, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether. The total phenolic content was
determined spectrophotometrically using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and
expressed as the gallic acid equivalent (mg GA/g of extract). The highest
value was obtained in the ethyl acetate extract (57.02 mg GA/g). The
concentration of flavonoids, determined using a spectrophotometric method
with aluminum chloride and expressed as the rutin equivalent (mg RU/g of
extract), was highest in the ethyl acetate extract (91.76 mg RU/g). The
antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reagent. The highest antioxidant
activity was detected in the acetone extract (SC50 value = 330.52 ?g/mL). In
vitro antimicrobial activities were determined using a microdilution method,
and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicidal
concentration (MMC) were determined. The most effective antimicrobial
activity against Bacillus cereus was demonstrated by the acetone extract,
with MIC and MMC values of 1.25 mg/mL. Based on the results of this study,
A. chamaepitys subsp. chamaepitys could be considered as a valuable source
of natural compounds with important biological activities.
Theoretical and research approaches in the study of structural, cultural and direct violence
Authors: Babovic Marija
Published: September 2015

This paper offers systematic review of main theoretical and methodological
approaches to study of violence as form of social relations which is
necessary to understand in order to monitor social integration processes.
These approaches are analyzed from the specific perspective related to the
?human security? paradigm. This is relatively novel approach which redirects
focus from security of states to security of people. Whit this shift in
focus, more humanistic approach is promoted in the research of security.
Human security approach is relatively similar to human development approach,
particularly due to the starting assumption that development as well as
security is necessary for people to achieve their full potentials. However,
human security differs from human development approach by paying attention
to the treats to human wellbeing, particularly those treats that endanger
basic human existence.
Push-Out Bond Strength Evaluation of Glass Fiber Posts With Different Resin Cements and Application Techniques
Authors: Durski MT , Metz MJ , Thompson JY , Mascarenhas AK , Crim GA , Vieira S , Mazur RF
Published: September 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the push-out strength of two different adhesive cements (total etch and self-adhesive) for glass fiber post (GFP) cementation using two different techniques (microbrush and elongation tip) of cement application. In addition, this study evaluated the effect of total-etch conditioning before the use of a self-adhesive cement. Sixty premolar specimens with a single root canal were selected, endodontically treated, and shaped for GFP cementation. The specimens were randomly placed into one of six groups according to the cement and technique used: RelyX ARC (ARC): ARC + microbrush, ARC + elongation tip; RelyX Unicem (RU): RU + microbrush, RU + elongation tip; or RelyX Unicem + 37% phosphoric acid (RUE): RUE + microbrush, RUE + elongation tip. Each specimen root was cut perpendicular to the vertical axis yielding six 1.0-mm-thick sections. Push-out strength test was performed, followed by statistical analysis using three-way analysis of variance and the Games-Howell test (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences between the groups were found (p< 0.05). The cervical third of the roots had the highest mean push-out strength values, while the apical third had the lowest mean values regardless of the technique used. The elongation technique produced higher mean push-out strength values compared to the microbrush technique. The self-etch adhesive cement had the highest mean push-out strength value in all thirds. The addition of a conditioning step before the self-etch adhesive cementation appears to be effective in enhancing push-out strength with GFPs.
Transfusion practices for treatment of dogs hospitalized following trauma: 125 cases (2008–2013)
Authors: Lynch Alex M. , O'Toole Therese E. , Respess Meghan
Published: September 2015

Objective—To describe transfusion practices for treatment of dogs hospitalized because of traumatic injuries.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—125 client-owned dogs.

Procedures—Medical records of dogs that sustained trauma and were hospitalized for ≥ 24 hours after emergency stabilization were reviewed. Admission characteristics and transfusion-specific data were assessed. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to evaluate diagnostic utility of PCV and serum total solids concentration as predictors of transfusion in the study population.

Results—45 of 125 (36%) dogs received transfusions. Packed RBCs were the most commonly administered blood product (42/45 [93%]). Common reasons for transfusion included perioperative hemodynamic support and treatment of shock or worsening anemia. Dogs that underwent transfusion had higher mean heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and animal trauma triage scores, with lower mean PCV, serum total solids concentration, and rectal temperature at admission than dogs that did not undergo transfusion. Total solids concentration and PCV at admission were specific but insensitive predictors of subsequent transfusion. Most (109/125 [87%]) dogs survived to hospital discharge. Significantly fewer dogs that had transfusions survived, compared with dogs that did not have transfusions. Seven of 10 dogs that received massive transfusions survived to discharge.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Apparent clinical triggers for the decision to perform blood transfusion in dogs hospitalized following traumatic injury included evidence of shock or worsening anemia on admission and requirement for perioperative hemodynamic optimization. Although dogs that received transfusions had a lower survival rate than dogs that did not, this was likely attributable to greater severity of injuries in the transfusion group.
Diagnosis and treatment of urolithiasis in client-owned chelonians: 40 cases (1987–2012)
Authors: Keller Krista A. , Hawkins Michelle G. , Weber E. P. Scott , Ruby Annette L. , Guzman David Sanchez-Migallon , Westropp Jodi L.
Published: September 2015

Objective—To calculate the prevalence of urolithiasis in client-owned chelonians examined at a veterinary teaching hospital and to describe the clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment of urolithiasis in chelonians.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—40 client-owned turtles and tortoises with urolithiasis.

Procedures—The medical record database of a veterinary teaching hospital was searched from 1987 through 2012 for records of client-owned chelonians with urolithiasis. The prevalence of urolithiasis was calculated for client-owned chelonians examined at the hospital. Signalment and physical examination, hematologic, biochemical, urinalysis, diagnostic imaging, treatment, and necropsy results were described.

Results—The mean prevalence of urolithiasis in client-owned chelonians for the study period was 5.1 cases/100 client-owned chelonians examined. Thirty-one of the 40 chelonians were desert tortoises. Only 5 of 40 chelonians had physical examination abnormalities associated with the urogenital tract. Surgery was performed on 17 chelonians; 5 developed postoperative complications, and 4 of those died. Necropsy was performed on 18 chelonians, and urolithiasis contributed to the decision to euthanize or was the cause of death for 9. Uroliths from 13 chelonians were analyzed, and all were composed of 100% urate.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated chelonians with urolithiasis have various clinical signs and physical examination findings that may or may not be associated with the urinary tract. Hematologic, biochemical, and urinalysis findings were nonspecific for diagnosis of urolithiasis. Many chelonians died or were euthanized as a consequence of urolithiasis, which suggested the disease should be identified early and appropriately treated.
Exploring Mechanisms of Effective Teacher Coaching
Authors: Blazar David , Kraft Matthew A.
Published: September 2015

Although previous research has shown that teacher coaching can improve teaching practices and student achievement, little is known about specific features of effective coaching programs. We estimate the impact of MATCH Teacher Coaching (MTC) on a range of teacher practices using a blocked randomized trial and explore how changes in the coaching model across two cohorts are related to program effects. Findings indicate large positive effects in Cohort 1 but no effects in Cohort 2. After ruling out explanations related to the research design, a set of exploratory analyses suggest that differential treatment effects may be attributable to differences in coach effectiveness, coaching dosage, and the focus of coaching across cohorts.
Employment Match Rates in the Regulated Professions: Trends and Policy Implications
Authors: Augustine Hon. Jean
Published: September 2015

This paper compares employment match rates for immigrants educated in a regulated profession with those of their Canadian-born and -educated counterparts. In particular, it examines Statistics Canada data for 2006 and 2011, analyzing trends and provincial comparisons over the five years following the implementation of Ontario’s fair access legislation. Overall, the findings support a continued role for fair access legislation to hold regulators accountable, stronger engagement with employers to promote immigrant hiring and retention, specialized advisement and training for alternative careers, and thoughtfully designed pre-arrival initiatives that reduce time away from professional practice without increasing barriers to immigration.
The Impact of Skilled Migration on Foreign Qualification Recognition Reform in Australia
Authors: Hawthorne Lesleyanne
Published: September 2015

This paper has four aims. First, it defines the extent to which skilled migration to Australia has changed in recent decades in terms of scale, source country, and entry mode. Second, it describes Australia’s federally driven foreign qualification recognition (FQR) reform strategy, including the pressure imposed by successive parliamentary reviews to improve outcomes. Third, it reports the growing engagement of select health regulators in reform, at a time when temporary workers constitute three-quarters of skilled migrants, and the question increasingly asked is whether regulatory bodies have the agility to facilitate twenty-first century labour migration flows. Finally, it assesses the contribution of qualification recognition reform to skilled migrants’ recognition and early employment outcomes. Key learnings from Australia’s FQR experience are then highlighted, of potential policy relevance to Canada.
Graph Transformation Systems for Modeling Three Dimensional Finite Element Method. Part II
Authors: Ryszka Iwona , Paszyńska Anna , Grabska Ewa , Sieniek Marcin , Paszyński Maciej
Published: September 2015

In this paper we introduce formal definitions for several graph transformation systems modeling three dimensional h-adaptive Finite Element Method (3D h-FEM) algorithms with tetrahedral finite elements. We introduce a composite graph representation of the computational mesh and graph transformation rules expressing the mesh operations. In particular, there are graph transformation rules expressing the generation of the initial mesh consisting with tetrahedral finite elements, graph transformation rules expressing the construction of an elimination tree for interfacing with multi-frontal direct solver algorithm, graph transformation rules selecting sub-graph representing finite elements for further refinements, graph transformation rules responsible for execution of mesh refinements. We also discuss several benefits of using graph transformation system instead of classical FEM approach, including the benefits from the viewpoint of multi-frontal direct solvers.
Qualitative evaluation of regioselectivity in the formation of di- and tri-6-O-tritylates of α-cyclodextrin
Authors: Yoshikiyo Keisuke , Matsui Yoshihisa , Yamamoto Tatsuyuki
Published: September 2015

The quantitative analysis of reaction products showed that the reaction of 6A,6D-di-O-trityl-α-cyclodextrin (CD), AD-isomer, with trityl chloride in pyridine at 55 °C gave 6A,6B,6E-tri-O-trityl-α-CD, the amount of which was only 25% of that of simultaneously formed 6A,6B,6D-tri-O-trityl-α-CD. This indicates that the bulky trityl groups of glucopyranose-A and -D (Glu-A and -D, respectively) in the AD-isomer mainly retard the additional tritylation of the C(6)-OH of the adjacent glucopyranoses in a counter-clockwise direction (Glu-F and -C, respectively). 1H NMR spectra of the AD-isomer showed that the O(6)-H and C(6)-H signals of Glu-C and -F are shifted upfield due to the ring current of the trityl groups. Thus, it is concluded that the bulky trityl groups on Glu-A and Glu-D are oriented to Glu-F and Glu-C, respectively, and sterically retard additional tritylation on Glu-F and Glu-C. Similar steric hindrance was also observed in the additional tritylations of mono-6-O-trityl-α-CD, 6A,6B-di- and 6A,6C-di-O-trityl-α-CD’s.
Topic, Focus and Quantification
Authors: Partee Barbara
Published: September 2015

No abstract.
Front matter
Authors: Moore Steven K. , Wyner Adam Zachary
Published: September 2015

Proceedings of the 1st Semantics and Linguistic Theory Conference, held April 19-21, 1991 at Cornell University, edited by Steven K. Moore and Adam Zachary Wyner.
CONSIDERING THE BENEFITS OF ASPHALT MODIFICATION USING A NEW TECHNICAL LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK
Authors: BUTT Ali Azhar , BIRGISSON Björn , KRINGOS Niki
Published: September 2015

Asphalt mixtures properties can be enhanced by modifying it with additives. Even though the immediate benefits of using polymers and waxes to modify the binder properties are rather well documented, the effects of such modification over the lifetime of a road are seldom considered. To investigate this, a newly developed open technical life cycle assessment (LCA) framework was used to determine production energy and emission limits for the asphalt additives. The LCA framework is coupled to a calibrated mechanics based computational framework that predicts the in-time pavement performance. Limits for production energy of wax and polymers were determined for the hypothetical case studies to show how LCA tools can assist the additives manufacturers to modify their production procedures and help road authorities in setting ‘green’ limits to get a real benefit from the additives over the lifetime of a road. From the detailed case-studies, it was concluded that better understanding of materials will lead to enhanced pavement design and could help in the overall reduction of energy usage and emissions.
Downregulation of Tryptophan-related Metabolomic Profile in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fluid
Authors: Kang Kwi Young , Lee Soo Hyun , Jung Seung Min , Park Sung-Hwan , Jung Byung-Hwa , Ju Ji Hyeon
Published: September 2015

Objective.

Synovial fluid (SF) is one of the most important materials that reflect the pathophysiological process of arthritis. A metabolomic and lipidomic study of SF was performed with the aim of identifying tentative diagnostic markers or therapeutic candidates for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods.

SF was aspirated from 10 patients with RA and 10 patients with osteoarthritis (OA). RA SF and OA SF were collected and analyzed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Associations among clinical variables, laboratory results, and metabolic profiles were investigated.

Results.

The metabolic pathways for carnitine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, arachidonic acid, and glycophospholipid were significantly upregulated in OA SF. The metabolic pathways for taurine, cholesterol ester, and the β-oxidation of pristine acid, linolenic acid, and sphingolipid were activated more in RA SF than in OA SF. In particular, the tryptophan pathway, which comprises kynurenine, indoleacetic acid, indole acetaldehyde, and N′-formylkynurenine, was downregulated. Interestingly, the levels of tryptophan metabolites kynurenine and N′-formylkynurenine, which are involved in immune tolerance, were significantly lower in RA SF compared with OA SF (p < 0.05), but the opposite pattern was observed for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p < 0.01) and the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP; p < 0.01), rheumatoid factor (p < 0.01), and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (p < 0.05). Kynurenine concentration correlated inversely with CRP concentration in RA SF but not in OA SF (r −0.65, p < 0.05).

Conclusion.

Advances in metabolomic techniques enabled us to delineate distinctive metabolic and lipidomic profiles in RA SF and OA SF. RA SF and OA SF showed distinct metabolic profiles.
Security and Privacy Issues of Big Data
Authors: Moura José , Serrão Carlos
Published: September 2015

This chapter revises the most important aspects in how computing infrastructures should be configured and intelligently managed to fulfill the most notably security aspects required by Big Data applications. One of them is privacy. It is a pertinent aspect to be addressed because users share more and more personal data and content through their devices and computers to social networks and public clouds. So, a secure framework to social networks is a very hot topic research. This last topic is addressed in one of the two sections of the current chapter with case studies. In addition, the traditional mechanisms to support security such as firewalls and demilitarized zones are not suitable to be applied in computing systems to support Big Data. SDN is an emergent management solution that could become a convenient mechanism to implement security in Big Data systems, as we show through a second case study at the end of the chapter. This also discusses current relevant work and identifies open issues.
Big Data Security Management
Authors: Tang Zaiyong , Pan Youqin
Published: September 2015

Big data is a buzzword today, and security of big data is a big concern. Traditional security standards and technologies cannot scale up to deliver reliable and effective security solutions in the big data environment. This chapter covers big data security management from concepts to real-world issues. By identifying and laying out the major challenges, industry trends, legal and regulatory environments, security principles, security management frameworks, security maturity model, big data analytics in solving security problems, current research results, and future research issues, this chapter provides researchers and practitioners with a timely reference and guidance in securing big data processing, management, and applications.
Big Data in Telecommunications
Authors: Tay Yen Pei , Ponnusamy Vasaki , Lee Lam Hong
Published: September 2015

The meteoric rise of smart devices in dominating worldwide consumer electronics market complemented with data-hungry mobile applications and widely accessible heterogeneous networks e.g. 3G, 4G LTE and Wi-Fi, have elevated Mobile Internet from a ‘nice-to-have' to a mandatory feature on every mobile computing device. This has spurred serious data traffic congestion on mobile networks as a consequence. The nature of mobile network traffic today is more like little Data Tsunami, unpredictable in terms of time and location while pounding the access networks with waves of data streams. This chapter explains how Big Data analytics can be applied to understand the Device-Network-Application (DNA) dimensions in annotating mobile connectivity routine and how Simplify, a seamless network discovery solution developed at Nextwave Technology, can be extended to leverage crowd intelligence in predicting and collaboratively shaping mobile data traffic towards achieving real-time network congestion control. The chapter also presents the Big Data architecture hosted on Google Cloud Platform powering the backbone behind Simplify in realizing its intelligent traffic steering solution.
Prediction of Missing Associations from Information System Using Intelligent Techniques
Authors: Acharjya Debi Prasanna , Santhi V.
Published: September 2015

Prediction of missing associations can be viewed as one of the most fundamental problems in the machine learning. The main objective of prediction of missing associations is to determine decisions for the missing associations. In real world problems, prediction of missing associations is must because absence of associations in the attribute values may have information to predict the decision for entrepreneurs. Based on decision theory, in the past many mathematical models such as naïve Bayes structure, human composed network structure, Bayesian network modeling etc. were developed. However, these theories have certain limitations. In order to overcome the limitations, rough computing is hybridized with Bayesian classification. This chapter discusses various techniques for predicting missing associations to obtain meaningful decision from information system. A real life example is provided to show the viability of the proposed research.