bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review of methods for determining the glomerular filtration rate in preclinical studies
Authors:   Research and manufacturing company “Home оf Pharmacy”, Miroshnikov M.V. , Kovaleva M.A. , Sultanova K.T.
Published: January 2025

The potential risk of nephrotoxic effects is an important aspect that should be considered already at the preclinical stage of drug development. Exposure of the kidneys to toxic doses of investigational substances may be accompanied by cell damage primarily due to high blood flow in the kidney, clearance as well as metabolism of xenobiotics. Glomerular filtration rate (GBR) is one of the indicators of the functional state of the urinary system. A descriptive analysis of scientific literature summarizing the methods of GBR determination most commonly used in preclinical studies in different types of laboratory animals was performed. The factors influencing its determination were revealed. The values of GBR in laboratory animals at its determination by different methods are systematized. animals at its determination by diffe­rent methods. The research was done using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The review included available publications as of March 12, 2024. It has been shown that GBR can be one of the methods for assessing the risk of possible nephrotoxic effects of a drug. GBR is determined using endogenous and exo­genous markers, which have several advantages and disadvantages. According to the literature, the most commonly commonly used markers for estimation of GBR are inulin (exogenous marker) and endogenous creatinine. The choice of the most optimal marker should be made in the context of each individual preclinical study.
The impact of artificial intelligence on risk management in the operational activities of financial institutions
Authors: Savchenko Mykyta
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the quality of management decisions in the process of risk assessment and forecasting. For this purpose, the role of AI in risk management was analysed, and the practices of using AI in risk management were studied. The study results confirmed that the introduction of AI significantly improves the speed and quality of risk management decisions. It was found that with the help of machine learning algorithms that use numerous variables to analyse the creditworthiness of customers, financial institutions are more efficient in credit scoring. The algorithms allow banks to reduce default rates and at the same time improve the quality of their loan portfolio by making assessments more informed. In addition, machine learning technologies are used to quickly identify suspicious activities or abnormal patterns of customer behaviour, reduce the number of fraudulent transactions, improve customer security and reduce the cost of identifying and eliminating such threats. Another result of the study was the confirmation of the effectiveness of automating routine processes, such as updating risk registers and generating reports, which can significantly reduce operating costs and speed up management decision-making. Importantly, the use of AI not only improves the accuracy of risk forecasting and decision-making, but also contributes to the personalisation of services for customers, which increases their loyalty and satisfaction. Together with the implementation of compliance systems, AI technologies ensure compliance with legal requirements and increase transparency in financial transactions, which reduces the likelihood of non-compliance with regulatory standards and minimises the risks involved. The findings indicated that the introduction of AI for risk management requires not only technological optimisation, but also a deep review of ethical standards, transparency of algorithms and adaptation of regulatory mechanisms, which will ensure both increased efficiency and trust in such systems
Public debt, debt servicing and economic growth in Nigeria
Authors: Kolawole Kayode David , Seyingbo Oluwagbenga Abayomi , Adejare Rukayat Bukola , Olofinlad Samuel Oluwapelumi , Haliru Adeshola Nurudeen
Published: January 2025

Public debt is a vital tool that governments use to finance public spending, especially in situations where it is challenging to raise taxes and cut spending. Nigeria is currently bedevilled with high debt servicing amounting to $1.12 billion by the end of quarter one of 2024. This study investigated the effect of government debt on economic growth in Nigeria. The study employed auto regressive distributed lag model to analyse the secondary data that was obtained from statistical bulletin of Central Bank of Nigeria from 1992 to 2023 and World Development Indicator. The study revealed that there is an existence of significant but negative relationship between domestic debt and economic growth on the long run with a coefficient value of −0.008394 and at 5% level of significance. There also exist a significant and positive impact of foreign debt on economic growth in long run with value of coefficient of 0.360653 and at 5% level of significance. Debt servicing was reported to have negative relationship with economic growth in Nigeria with value of coefficient of −0.120965 and at 1% level of significance. The study also reported a bi-directional effect of domestic debt on growth of economy in Nigeria while a unidirectional causality was reported between economic growth and debt servicing. The study concluded that public debt has significant impact on the growth of economy in Nigeria. Government of Nigeria should make effort in reducing the debt-revenue ratio by paying some affordable debt as soon as possible and seeks for ways of enjoying debt forgiveness by multinational banks. The study recommends that Nigerian government should make more use of external debt than domestic debt because of the low interest of external debt to domestic debt which will help in reducing the debt burden
The Influence of Leadership Style and Work Discipline on Employee Performance in Regional Government Offices
Authors: Lestari Dania Puji , Shaura Rizkiana Karmelia , Kurniawan Hendra
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze and understand how leadership style and work discipline can affect employee performance partially and simultaneously in providing maximum service to the community. This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive statistical methods, Data collection techniques are carried out by conducting observations and distributing questionnaires, while data analysis techniques used in this study are data quality instrument tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis tests. The results of the study indicate that leadership style and work discipline have a positive and significant influence on employee performance. Therefore, it can be said that the variables of leadership style and work discipline affect employee performance at the Jaya District Office, Depok.
Analysis of the Role of Social Accounting in Addressing Income Inequality and Environmental Influences
Authors: Tahir Arlan , Lande Adriani , Ermawati Yana , Basannang Siti Mariani , Junaedy Junaedy
Published: January 2025

This study examines the role of social accounting in addressing income inequality and managing environmental impacts, highlighting its adaptability across diverse socio-economic contexts and its contribution to corporate social responsibility (CSR). Utilizing a systematic literature review, this study synthesizes insights from recent research to explore how flexible social accounting frameworks align with different regulatory and socio-economic environments. It assesses both theoretical foundations and practical applications. Legitimacy theory serves as a conceptual basis, framing social accounting as a tool for building public trust and enhancing corporate accountability. The findings suggest that social accounting effectively promotes economic and environmental transparency. Social accounting fosters greater public trust and aligns corporate actions with societal expectations by enabling companies to record and report wage distribution, employment practices, and environmental metrics. The study also underscores the importance of flexible social accounting frameworks that allow companies to adapt to local socio-economic conditions, especially in regions with resource constraints or unique regulatory environments. This study advances the understanding of social accounting’s dual role as a reporting and strategic tool for sustainable development. Practically, it suggests that companies adopting adaptable social accounting frameworks can improve stakeholder relations, build credibility, and support long-term sustainability goals. These findings are relevant for corporate managers, policymakers, and future researchers interested in the impact of socially responsible practices on corporate reputation and public trust.
Szerb Antal és a potlecs
Authors: Balogh Tamás
Published: January 2025

Beck András azt írta Szerbről, hogy könyvismertetéseiben „írásmódja eleganciájának és ökonomikusságának köszönhetően még a legrövidebbek is a teljesség illúzióját adják. Úgy érezzük, mindent elmond, amit tudnunk érdemes”. Szerb Huizinga Homo ludenséről írt recenzióján (1939) megpróbálom bemutatni, hogy ez a megállapítás nem feltétlenül igaz: tulajdonképpen korrekt ismertetésében meglehetősen sajátos minta szerint rendeződnek el az olvasottak. Sokat foglalkozik például az ünneppel, a Háború és játék című fejezet bemutatása gyanánt pedig a háború és játék kapcsolata helyett az udvari civilizáció saját definícióját adja, amelyet A középkor alkonyára (Herfsttij der middeleeuwen) alapoz. Másrészt a rövid recenzióban aránytalanul nagy teret szentel a potlecs, illetve a pusztítási verseny leírásának, melyeket azonban úgyszintén igen sajátosan értelmez. Semmi jel sem mutat rá, hogy az általa fordított A középkor alkonyában felfigyelt volna a potlecsre emlékeztető példákra – kései műveiben viszont már többször szerepelteti ezt a jelenséget.
Implementierung der pflegerischen Rolle der Advanced Practice Nurse in deutschen Krankenhäusern
Authors: Wittor Marisa , Brase Sabine
Published: January 2025

Der Artikel beleuchtet die Einführung der Advanced Practice Nurse (APN) in deutschen Krankenhäusern und ihren Beitrag zur Verbesserung der Gesundheitsversorgung. APN ermöglichen eine qualitativ hochwertige Betreuung, reduzieren Versorgungsbrüche und fördern eine personenzentrierte Pflege, insbesondere bei komplexen Versorgungssituationen. Die Implementierung von APN führt u. a. zu kürzeren Krankenhausaufenthalten, Steigerung der Patientensicherheit sowie zu einer verbesserten Kostenstruktur. Durch die enge Zusammenarbeit aller Beteiligten wird die Versorgungsqualität gestärkt und eine nachhaltige Verbesserung der Gesundheitsversorgung erreicht. Ein gesetzlicher Rahmen im APN-Gesetz muss folgen.
Blick in die Schweiz
Authors: Schumacher Reto , Metzger Karl
Published: January 2025

Wir blicken in dieser Ausgabe über die Landesgrenzen hinaus stellen einen zentralen Akteur im Schweizer Gesundheitswesen vor: Reto Schumacher, Projektleiter Business Development & Managed Care bei der Medbase Gruppe und Karl Metzger Mitglied der Geschäftsleitung dort, präsentieren Erkenntnisse aus der Praxis für eine erfolgreiche integrierte Versorgung: Medbase treibt Innovationen bei der multiprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit, Chronic Care Management, Telehealth, Arzneimitteltherapiesicherheit (AMTS) und der Nutzung digitaler Plattformen an und entwickelt alternative Versicherungsmodelle.
Ein Aufruf zur Weiterentwicklung der Operationalisierung der Orphan-Drug Umsatzschwelle im AMNOG
Authors: Hönzke Stefan , Steuber Saskia , Brieke Clara , Müller Gerrit , Engelke Christoph
Published: January 2025

Aufgrund der besonderen Schutzwürdigkeit von Orphan Drugs (OD) greift im Rahmen des AMNOG-Prozesses für OD eine eigene Regelung, die aber nach Überschreitung einer Schwelle von 30 Millionen Euro Jahresumsatz entfällt. Der Artikel zeigt auf, dass die aktuelle Operationalisierung der OD-Umsatzschwelle wesentliche Limitationen aufweist. Des Weiteren werden konkrete Verbesserungsansätze für eine langfristige Sicherstellung einer fairen Umsatzerhebung zur Feststellung der Schutzwürdigkeit von ODs diskutiert.
20 Jahre Deutsche Gesellschaft für Integrierte Versorgung (DGIV)
Authors: Schmidt Ulla
Published: January 2025

Die Jubiläumsveranstaltung „20 Jahre DGIV“ bietet eine gute Gelegenheit, das Thema „Neuordnung von Versorgungsstrukturen und -prozessen“ erneut zu reflektieren. Denn dieser Punkt war in der Amtszeit der Verfasserin als Bundesministerin für Gesundheit ein Schwerpunktthema und hat heute – 25 Jahre nach der Einfügung des berühmten § 140a ins Sozialgesetzbuch V und 20 Jahre nach Gründung einer entsprechenden Fachgesellschaft – keinesfalls das Stadium der Regelversorgung erreicht. Noch immer prägen die Silos von ambulant und stationär unsere Versorgungslandschaft und finden sich an vielen Stellen Brüche in den Versorgungsprozessen. Solche Brüche führen zu unnötigem Leid und zur Verschwendung von Ressourcen. Solche Brüche gefährden Qualität, Wirksamkeit und Effizienz im gesamten Versorgungssystem. Internationale Vergleiche lassen Deutschland nicht gut aussehen.
Constructive Alignment durch Prüfungsvielfalt und Peer Reviews
Authors: Heckelmann Martin , Ammerl Laura
Published: January 2025

Prüfungen sind der Schreck aller Studierenden. Viele Studierende leiden unter Prüfungsangst, eintönigen Klausuren, Einsamkeit und „Bulimie-Lernen“. Viele Lehrende beklagen, dass Studierende viel zu spät mit dem Lernen beginnen und sich nicht richtig vorbereiten. Muss das alles sein? Nein. Die nachfolgende, vom Lehrinnovationsfonds der Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin (HTW) geförderte Untersuchung zeigt mittels eines daraus entwickelten Konzepts auf, dass ein Constructive Alignment möglich ist und zu deutlich größerem Lernerfolg führt – und das fast ohne Mehraufwand.
Orientalisches Eherecht vor deutschen Gerichten – Kompatibilität und Konfliktpotenzial
Authors: Tabaka Lisa-Marie
Published: January 2025

In light of the migration movement, German courts are increasingly confronted with legal institutions that have their roots in foreign legal systems and cultures. Especially in the area of marriage and family law, the differences in legal, social and value systems are clearly reflected. This work shows that the examination of legal institutions and standards of judgment from oriental legal systems is of great importance within German legal practice. An interim balance is drawn up in which, on the one hand, the handling of foreign legal institutions by the German courts is analyzed and, on the other hand, the limits of their applicability within the framework of our legal system are shown and practice-oriented suggestions for action/measures are presented.
Sport – Arzt – Haftung
Authors: Münnich Benjamin
Published: January 2025

The desire of competitive athletes to recover quickly after an injury often stands in contrast to the medical obligation to prioritize low-risk treatment for patients. This creates a tension in terms of liability law, which is at the heart of the dissertation. A key example explored is the injection of analgesic substances, whose admissibility under medical liability law is closely examined. In addition, the dissertation investigates the legal standards that apply when assessing an athlete's fitness for competition. By doing so, the work offers valuable insights for both scientific and practical evaluation of the legal framework surrounding medical malpractice in the treatment of competitive athletes.
Environmental Impact of Built Structures during Their Lifecycles in Terms of Construction Waste
Authors: Androšević Renata
Published: January 2025

Construction industry waste has received much attention in recent years, as it produces more than a third of the total waste. A huge expansion of structures that are still built in the same way amplifies this negative environmental impact. Research was conducted with the mission of finding a solution and finding an efficient method that can ease the decision-making process in designing and building low-waste buildings. The final goal is to have a circular building economy where all building parts can be reused in each phase of its first and any next lifecycle. The method and Construction Waste Elimination Protocol was developed in the doctoral research in 2022 by the author of this chapter, and she wants this updated version to be available for broader visibility to speed up its digitalization.
Strengthening the Traditional Role of Women in the Industrialized Milk Sector as a Lever for Their Socio-Economic Empowerment in Senegal: Case Study of the ASSTEL Project Intervention in the Dagana Department
Authors: Oumoul Khaïry Coulibaly Dre , Ly Aminata
Published: January 2025

Analyzing qualitative and quantitative data collected using mixed methods and an experimental approach, this article proposes, firstly, to demonstrate how the establishment of the “Laiterie du Berger” (LDB) factory in northern Senegal has called into question the traditional distribution of gender roles in the milk sector and led to the marginalization of Peul women from this sector. This has had negative socio-economic repercussions for them and their households. It then compares the situations of women beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of a local project, called ASSTEL, to promote their socio-economic empowerment. It examines how this project has encouraged the reintegration of all local women, beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries alike, into this now industrialized sector. The article shows that, thanks to the specific support provided to beneficiaries, they experienced a significant improvement in their socio-economic conditions and those of their households, compared to their non-beneficiary counterparts. This increase in their economic power leads to their socio-economic empowerment, helping to increase their access to and control over resources, and reinforcing their agency, self-esteem and family recognition.
Imaging and Medulloblastoma
Authors: Abudawaba Hebah , Rajahraman Vinaya , Bishop-Jodoin Maryann , M. Buatti John
Published: January 2025

As therapy for medulloblastoma has matured, imaging has evolved and is now an essential component of the care of patients with medulloblastoma. Imaging defines the extent of disease at presentation and is the primary vehicle for staging patients to ensure the correct therapy is applied to the patient. Radiation therapy has moved away from anatomical definitions of targets to image-guided target volumes; therefore, imaging platforms are essential for both targeting disease and accurate daily positioning for therapy. Imaging is now our primary vehicle post-treatment to determine both tumor control and quantification of toxicity. In this chapter, we review the modern role of imaging in this disease and in clinical trials.
Microbial Methylation of Mercury in Wetlands and Its Environmental Risks
Authors: Yoshida Mitsuo
Published: January 2025

Global mercury contamination presents a substantial threat to ecosystems and human health, primarily due to the conversion of inorganic mercury from anthropogenic sources into methylmercury by microorganisms in the environment. Wetlands are especially prone to this transformation due to their anaerobic conditions, abundant organic matter, and the prevalence of metal-reducing bacteria. This chapter explores the mechanisms of inorganic mercury methylation and the subsequent diffusion and accumulation of methylmercury in organisms and ecosystems, using a case study of mercury contamination in the Santa Lucia River wetlands in Uruguay. In this case, high concentrations of mercury were detected in the sediments over a 15,000 square meter area, exceeding regulated limits. The contamination was linked to the discharge of untreated wastewater containing inorganic mercury from a chlor-alkali plant. Although a wastewater treatment system was later installed, significant mercury contamination and hotspots persisted in the wetlands. These areas contained methylmercury in both the sediments and the biota, including reeds, shellfish, earthworms, and fish. Microbial analysis revealed the presence of Geobacter sulfurreducens and Geobacter metallireducens, bacteria known to methylate inorganic mercury. The existence of these microbial communities in areas of high mercury contamination poses serious risks at four levels to public health and ecosystems due to ongoing in situ methylation.
Unveiling the depths of Tinder: Decoding the dark tetrad and sociosexuality in motives behind online dating
Authors: Rico-Bordera Pilar , Galán Manuel , Pineda David , Piqueras José A.
Published: January 2025

Given the widespread use of dating apps, it is essential to understand the reasons for their use. Dark Tetrad predict motives for Tinder usage in different ways, but it seems that sexual motives are one of the main reasons why “dark” people use Tinder. So, both dark traits and sociosexual orientation seem to play a relevant role. This study aimed to identify profiles of individuals in terms of their Dark Tetrad traits and their orientation towards unrestricted sex and analyse the differences between them based on the Tinder usage reasons. In 200 participants (Mage = 30.78; 67.50% female), an online survey was administered including the Tinder Motives Scale (TMS; validated in Spanish in this study), the Tinder use and outcomes, the Short Dark Triad, the Assessment of Sadistic Personality, and the Sociosexual Orientation Inventory were administered. Results offered a shorter version of the TMS, and three-profiles: Non-dark and non-sociosexual (41.30%), Slightly narcissistic and sociosexual (38.60%), and High-dark and slightly sociosexual (20.10%). There were differences between profiles and Tinder motives. People with less dark traits and sociosexual orientation seem to be more motivated to use Tinder for finding romantic partners, and people most interested in using Tinder for sexual purposes are those with moderate Dark Tetrad and not those with the highest scores. Identifying what motivates those with less sexual restriction and undesirable traits to use Tinder is crucial. This knowledge could help design awareness programs on the misuse of these apps.
Does consciousness of social face matter? Understanding sharing behavior towards online charitable crowdfunding information
Authors: Li Wu , Dong Yujie , Xie Zehang , Yao Qi , Tian Yu
Published: January 2025

Information-sharing behavior constitutes one of the key elements for the success of online charitable crowdfunding (OCC) projects, but it has received relatively limited academic attention so far. From a relational perspective, this study proposed a conceptual model to better understand the relationship between consciousness of social face, two types of impression management motivations, OCC information-sharing behavior, and perceived relational value. An online survey was conducted among 1,166 Internet users in China (47.2% were male; 70.8% fell within the age group of 18–35 years old). The finding showed that consciousness of social face was positively associated with information-sharing behavior through the positive mediation of promotion-focused impression management motivation and the negative mediation of prevention-focused impression management motivation. Furthermore, information-sharing behavior was positively associated with perceived relational value. This study sheds light on the impact of social face consciousness on prosocial information-sharing behavior through impression management motivations and offers practical implications concerning how to promote individuals’ OCC information sharing behavior on social media.
Enerji Politikaları ve Paradigma Değişimi: İklim Değişikliği Bağlamında Dönüşüm
Authors: Sağır Hayriye
Published: January 2025

Dünya ikliminde yaşanan sorunlar, küresel olarak enerji kullanımında zorunlu bir paradigma değişimini gerektirmektedir. Bu doğrultuda fosil yakıt egemenliğinin terk edilerek karbonsuz bir yaşam inşa edilmelidir. Çevre dostu enerji kaynakları olarak nitelendirilen yenilenebilir enerjiler, hükümetler tarafından daha fazla tercih edilen bir seçenek oluşturmaktadır. Ancak her ne kadar yenilenebilir enerjilerin kullanımı yaygınlık gösterse de uzunca bir süre daha fosil yakıtlar enerji stratejilerinde belirleyici olacaktır. Enerji sektöründe; dijitalleşme, desantralizasyon ve dekarbonizasyon günümüzde hâkim olan üç temel stratejidir. Sektörde, teknolojiden daha fazla yararlanılabilmesi dijitalleşmeyi, daha verimli ve etkin enerji projeleri gerçekleştirmek desantralizasyonu ve daha çevreci teknoloji kullanımı ise dekarbonizasyonu odağa alan politika seçenekleri doğrultusunda oluşturulmaktadır. Küresel enerji stratejilerinde hükümetler tarafından uygulanan temel politika, dış kaynak kullanımını olabildiği ölçüde sınırlı tutmaktır. Bu nedenle petrol gibi rezerv sıkıntısı bulunmayan kömür kaynaklarının, tüm devletler tarafından yaygın olarak kullanılması, emisyon miktarlarını düşürmeyi zorlaştırmaktadır. Oysaki enerji verimliliğinin artırılması ve yenilenebilir kaynaklara geçiş, sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerine ulaşmada kritik öneme sahiptir. Bununla birlikte uluslararası işbirliği ve kolektif çabalar bu süreçte temel itici güç olarak gösterilmektedir.
The Relationship between Business Intelligence and Sustainable Human Resources
Authors: Al-kasasbeh Omar , Badie’ Alhmoud
Published: January 2025

The research explores the relationship between Business Intelligence (BI) and Sustainable Human Resource Management (Sustainable HRM), focusing on how BI tools enhance HR practices and contribute to organizational sustainability. As organizations strive for sustainable growth, the integration of BI with Sustainable HRM emerges as a critical strategy. The study addresses the gap in literature concerning the integration of BI in HRM and evaluates how BI-driven insights can improve HR decision-making, thereby enhancing organizational performance. The research questions focus on the dependencies between BI and HR, exploring the ways in which BI influences HR practices and sustainability outcomes. This study examines how BI aids in decision-making processes by providing comprehensive data analytics, thus fostering a dynamic and competitive business environment. Additionally, Sustainable HRM aligns HR practices with long-term organizational goals, emphasizing social responsibility, environmental care, and economic viability. Findings indicate that BI significantly enhances HR practices by providing data-driven insights that improve recruitment, training, and overall workforce management. However, challenges remain in aligning BI with HR strategies due to cultural and technological gaps. The study concludes that effective integration of BI into Sustainable HRM can lead to improved organizational sustainability, offering prescriptive advice for HR professionals to leverage BI tools for strategic decision-making. This research contributes to the fields of BI and HRM by demonstrating the critical role of BI in fostering sustainable HR practices, thereby promoting long-term organizational success
Managerial Overconfidence and Cash Holding in China: The Moderating Effect of Enterprise Digital Transformation
Authors: Bo Le
Published: January 2025

This study examined whether enterprise digital transformation impacts the relationship between managerial overconfidence and cash holdings. As its quantitative analysis approaches, it employed the fixed effect method and the generalized method of moments. Firstly, a positive relationship can be found between managerial overconfidence and cash holdings. This study uses behavioural finance to explain why overconfident managers always hold more cash. Secondly, this study aims to contribute further to the field of investigation, providing additional insight into this matter. This study highlights the significance of digital transformation in mitigating the cognitive bias of overconfident managers and ensuring the organization’s successful development in a highly competitive market. This study finds that enterprise digital transformation effectively mitigates overconfident managers holding excess cash during operations. This research not only enhances the understanding of enterprise digital transformation in relation to economic repercussions but also contributes to the affection of digital economic transformation on the corporate governance of Chinese listed companies.
Peran Orang Tua dalam Pendidikan Keterampilan Hidup (Life Skill) Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Aulia Putri , Batubara Hafifah , Sit Masganti
Published: January 2025

The role of parents is very important in life skills education for early childhood, because at this stage children are in a period of rapid development both cognitively, emotionally, socially and physically. Life skills education includes basic skills such as the ability to be independent, regulate emotions, communication, and the ability to face daily challenges which will help children to become strong and independent individuals. This research aims to examine the role of parents in guiding, providing examples, and creating an environment that supports the development of children's life skills. This research method uses a qualitative approach with interview techniques and observations of parents and young children. The research results show that parents' active involvement, both in providing stimulation, emotional support, and organizing daily routines, has a positive impact on children's life skills. Parents who understand the importance of life skills and are involved in their children's learning process are able to help their children develop independence and self-confidence from an early age.
An 18-Year Review of Hemoglobinopathy Proficiency Testing: Recommendations From the College of American Pathologists Hematology and Clinical Microscopy Committee
Authors: Obiorah Ifeyinwa , McCall Chad M. , Balmaceda Alexandra , Salansky Stephanie , Agarwal Archana , Pozdnyakova Olga
Published: January 2025

Context.—

The College of American Pathologists Hematology and Clinical Microscopy Committee implemented a hemoglobinopathy proficiency testing and education program to monitor and assess the performance of participating laboratories.

Objective.—

To evaluate the performance of clinical laboratories for hemoglobinopathy proficiency testing from 2005 to 2023.

Design.—

The hemoglobinopathy challenges are composed of clinical case summaries and electrophoretic and chromatographic gel and tracing images. The participants are asked to determine (1) what hemoglobin chain is affected and (2) the hemoglobinopathy diagnosis.

Results.—

A total of 365 to 676 laboratories were enrolled in the proficiency testing program each year. Overall, the error rates for determination of the affected globin chain and a hemoglobinopathy diagnosis ranged from 0.6% to 56.5% and 0.5% to 86.5%, respectively. Twenty-three of 66 surveyed hemoglobinopathies (34.8%) had an error rate exceeding the consensus threshold of 20%. The globin gene detection error rate of the compound hemoglobinopathies was significantly higher when compared with just the α (P = .01) and β (P = .003) gene disorders. However, the error rate for the overall compound α/β-globin interpretation, although high at 23%, was not statistically significant when compared with just the α- or β-globin chain disorders. In repeat testing of the variants, there was no consistent improvement in performance.

Conclusions.—

The program participants demonstrated variable performance with one-third of the surveys exceeding the 20% error rate. The error rate for compound hemoglobinopathies was even higher. Our data illustrate a critical need for continuing educational efforts with an algorithmic approach to hemoglobin disorders.
CE in corporate sustainability reporting – general insights based on Polish companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Joachimiak-Lechman Katarzyna , Mikutowski Mateusz
Published: January 2025

The circular economy (CE) represents a new paradigm in management. The introduction of the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the accompanying delegated acts (European Sustainability Reporting Standards, ESRS) highlight that CE is also an integral part of legal requirements at the European Union level. The primary objective of this study is to assess the CE indicators that are covered in the ESG reports of Polish companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. In the the present study, the sustainability strategies of selected companies were also reviewed in terms of CE objectives, policies and action programmes. The findings suggest that despite a growing trend towards circularity in the economy, analysed companies do not demonstrate impressive consistency and standardisation. The analysis concluded that some enterprises approach circularity comprehensively and thoughtfully, implementing actual actions and investment expenditures. In contrast, others merely mention CE by proposing a single, selective indicator whose definition is unclear. Within the framework of this article, groups of indicators were proposed that could serve in analysing dual materiality, one of which is the indicator for reducing material and energy costs.
Microwave Ablation with or Without Chemotherapy in Management of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fahmi H. Kakamad  , Rebaz M. Ali  , Soran H. Tahir  , Ameer M. Salih  , Berun A. Abdalla  , Lana RA. Pshtiwan  , Aras J. Qaradakhy  , Harem K. Ahmed  , Sasan M. Ahmed  , Yousif M. Mahmood  , Fakher Abdullah  , Mohammed Gh. Hamasaeed  , Abdulwahid M. Salih
Published: January 2025

Introduction
 Microwave ablation (MWA) has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment for patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, whether it is more effective as a standalone treatment or in combination with chemotherapy warrants further investigation. This systematic review assesses the efficacy and safety of MWA as a standalone treatment and in combination with chemotherapy in managing NSCLC.
Methods
Studies were included if MWA was used either as a standalone treatment or combined with chemotherapy for managing NSCLC, regardless of whether chemotherapy was administered before or after MWA.
Results
The patient cohort included 928 patients. In 63.8% of the cases, MWA was used alone, and in 36.2% with chemotherapy. Complications from MWA alone were higher (59.29% vs. 32.74%). The tumor stage in 52.36% of the cases who underwent MWA alone was stage I; however, it was the IV stage in 82.44% of the cases who underwent MWA combined with chemotherapy. Patients with available data and treated with MWA alone experienced higher local progression (26% vs. 18.5%), distant recurrence (51.5% vs. 38.5%), and both local and distant recurrence (10.8% vs. 2.6%). Reported complete response was 88.6% among cases that underwent MWA alone. While it was 78.0% in those who underwent combined MWA and chemotherapy. The median overall survival was higher in the MWA alone group (24.9 to 69.6 months vs. 21.3 to 23.90 months).
Conclusion
MWA combined with chemotherapy may represent a more effective option, with a slightly similar treatment response, reducing the risk of recurrence and minimizing complications.
Protection of Human Life in Light of the Holy Quran and Sunnah: Exploring Sanctity and Prohibition
Authors: Hasnain Hyder Shah  , Rehana Anjum  , Arun Barkat
Published: January 2025

Islam values human life highly. According to the teachings of the Holy Quran and the traditions of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him), human life is held in great reverence. Investigating a wide range of facets that encompass human existence, this research adopts Islamic laws as a basis to explore the entirety of human life, from start to end.  The focus of this research is on the inherent sanctity and inalienable right to life in Islam, and the univocal prohibition of murder and aggression against human life in Islamic teachings because Islam regards the act of killing someone as the most heinous crime one can commit against a person. This paper investigates the notions behind Qisas (retaliation) and its current implementation in selected Muslim states. It explores the intricacies surrounding Diyat, including the financial compensation paid for causing harm or death, as well as the concept of taqiyah (family Solidarity). Furthermore, the research paper explores the justifications provided by certain scholars who do not support the implementation of the death penalty for murder within the confines of Islam. The researcher has used the doctrinal methodology to conduct the research. Within the text's closing statement, the suggestion is put forth to employ the Islamic Penal System in Muslim societies today to ensure the safety of individuals' lives.
Gendered Discourse in Pakistani Classrooms: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Shahnaz Jumani  , Sakina Jumani  , Uzma Safdar
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study is to analyse how gendered discourses are constructed in context of Pakistan classrooms via critical discourse analysis. Based on realistic classroom narratives from various educational contexts, the study examines how gendered scripts and roles emerge, are reinforced or resisted in pedagogical arenas. This study is qualitative in nature to capture gendered discourse patterns in a learning environment. CDA is chosen as the main theoretical framework for enquiring how gender ideologies and relations regulate and are realised in the text of an IELTS institute in Karachi. Through the analysis of the observed and recorded teacher-student and student-student interactions, this study analyzes the linguistic features, power relation, as well as other micro affirmative and micro aggressive acts that rehearse or challenge gender normativity. The paper also focuses on the relationship between language, culture and ideology and shows how students, especially girls, can be excluded from learning and education. The study concludes that classroom discourse is a reflection of existing power relation in the society, thus shaping the student’s perceived power relations including gender power relations in educational settings.
Cultural Contours of Justice: Law and Crimes Narratives in Popular Imagination
Authors: Muhammad Bilal Zafar  , Rabia Khalid  , Mohsan Iqbal  , Muzzammil Hussain
Published: January 2025

This research delves into the cultural contours of justice in the context of Pakistan, with special emphasis on the complex relationship between the media, the ever-shifting norms in a given society, and the laws of the land. It reveals how regional legacies of colonialism and Sharia law shape attitudes toward justice, crime, and punishment. The research highlights a significant discrepancy between the public experience and the reality of crime trends, suffering from the amplification of sensationalistic media coverage, leading to a decline in trust towards police and the system of justice. By employing qualitative assessments of media representations and public opinion surveys, as well as quantitative analyses of crime statistics, to investigate the socio-cultural contexts shaping local perceptions of justice in Pakistan, the report exposes how sensationalist media heighten social fear; how they misrepresent marginalized populations; and how they reinforce existing stereotypes of criminality, thus developing warped views of the extent and nature of crime. The study also highlights notable differences in how justice is practised across different regions, particularly rural settings where traditional normative values differ from codified legal norms. These results highlight the importance of culturally competent legal reform and ethical journalism to mitigate the gap between perception and reality so that the public can trust the justice system.
Breaking Barriers: Empowering Women’s Professional Development in Pakistan to Achieve Gender Equality
Authors: Mohsan Iqbal  , Muhammad Shahbaz  , Bilal Ahmad  , Dr. Hafiz Abdul Rehman Saleem
Published: January 2025

This qualitative study examines the socioeconomic, cultural, familial, and political barriers that restrict women from building professional careers in the Sahiwal district of rural Pakistan. This research aims to find action-oriented solutions and interventions to empower women and drive progress towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 5 (SDG 5) on gender equality. Interviews were carried out with women of all ages, education levels, and socioeconomic status to provide in-depth insights into the challenges and lived experiences. The Thematic analysis identified common barriers, including societal norms, family obligations, education, workplace discrimination, and geographical variation. The results highlight the importance of a multidimensional strategy specific to local contexts, such as community-based awareness campaigns, inclusive workplace policies, education access regional interventions, and microfinance. The study stresses the interdependence of these barriers and their implications for achieving SDG 5 and emphasizes the necessity for localized, actionable solutions that are contextual and scalable. Pakistan can take short-term and long-term liabilities based on these challenges through focused interventions.
Exploring the Socio-Cultural Dimensions of Female Suicide in Yasin District Ghizer: Perspectives of Influential Stakeholders
Authors: Nadia Abbas  , Faiza Nosheen  , Sehrish Fatima  , Wazir Barkat Ali  , Samreen Zahra
Published: January 2025

Female suicide in Yasin District Ghizer, Pakistan, is a critical social issue deeply rooted in socio-cultural, economic, and psychological factors. This qualitative study explores the perspectives of influential stakeholders, including a social worker, a media professional, and a police officer, to understand the underlying causes and risk factors associated with female suicides. The findings reveal that traditional gender roles, male dominance, early and forced marriages, and societal expectations significantly restrict women’s autonomy, contributing to depression, social rejection, and suicide. Marital conflicts, domestic violence, and communication gaps further exacerbate vulnerabilities, while cases of honor killings are often misreported as suicides, obscuring the issue’s true extent. Stakeholders emphasized the role of poverty, mental health stigma, and limited awareness of rights in perpetuating these challenges. They called for enhanced community awareness, improved mental health support, and gender-sensitive policies to address systemic inequalities. While this study provides valuable insights, its scope is limited by the small sample size and the exclusion of direct female perspectives. Future research should include broader community participation and prioritize gender-inclusive approaches to develop effective interventions for preventing female suicides in traditional societies like Yasin. This qualitative study investigated the issue of female suicide in Yasin District Ghizer by employing semi-structured interviews to gain in-depth insights. Using purposive sampling, four influential community members were selected as participants. The interviews, guided by a structured framework, explored themes such as socio-cultural roles, socio-economic pressures, community awareness, and law enforcement policies. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, with responses transcribed, coded, and categorized to identify recurring themes. Ethical considerations, including informed consent, confidentiality, and cultural sensitivity, were strictly adhered to. However, the study acknowledges limitations, including the small sample size and the absence of direct female perspectives in this phase of the research.
Archiving spectra: use InChI and CML
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Ryan blogged in Archive This about some advices from ACD on how to store spectra in your electronic lab notebook. Use InChI This reminded me of a discussion I had with with Colin when he was at the CUBIC, which was about experimental sections. I proposed that the InChI should have a prominent place in the experimental section.
Groovy Cheminformatics...
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Update: the fourth edition is out.
Weka Decision Trees to Java Conversion
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Some time ago I wrote a small Perl script to convert a decision tree created with Weka in the ARFF format to Java source code, for use in the ionization potential prediction in CDK. The advantage is that Weka is no longer used are runtime, and that there is no model that needs to be loaded and interpreted. Instead, it is simple Java code that does the work, much faster.
OSMB2007 Day #1: venture capital, scientific blogger and Kepler
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

The second day just started of the Open Source Meets Business, and now actually listening to the PHP talk, but here is a short update on day 1, which was the investment summit. It was not so crowded, but especially the talks from the venture capitalists were interesting. During lunch we actually talked to one in person, which was insightful. I will be putting up links to interesting sites mentioned during this conference on my delicious account.
Public Domain Day 2025: Welches Urheberrecht gilt für Frida Kahlo?
Authors: iRights.info Redaktion
Published: January 2025

Zum Jahreswechsel läuft der urheberrechtliche Schutz von Werken der jeweils vor siebzig Jahre verstorbenen Urheber*innen aus. Auch 2025 gehen wieder zahlreiche Werke in die Gemeinfreiheit über, unter anderem von Frida Kahlo und Henri Matisse. Unterschiedliche Schutzdauern erschweren jedoch die Gemeinfreiheit. Jedes Jahr am 1. Januar ist der „Tag der Gemeinfreiheit“ – im englischen Sprachraum auch als „Public Domain Day“ bekannt.
Modern chemistry in the CDK: beyond the two-atom bond
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Rich recently blogged

about the limitations of the two-atom bond representation often used in chemoinformatics, triggered by the four ferrocene entries in PubChem

. In reply to himself, Rich described FlexMol

, an XML language that can describe bond systems that involve more than two atoms.
CiTO updates #4: annotations in datasets
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Okay, the Pilot is over ending with 17 papers, 16 of which have CiTO annotations (and so far 4 J.Cheminform. papers after the pilot), but my interest in the Citation Typing Ontology continues and we just need more adoption.

Datasets as source of annotations

So, here’s a quick Wikidata update.
Chemical Blogspace updates
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Chemical Blogspace is up and running fine for some time now. Since the start

the number of aggregated blogs increased from 19 to 64 now, of which a number are situated at ChemBlogs which is a site where you can run a blog. Meanwhile, the number of cited papers went up to 186! The JACS is most popular so far, followed by the Angewandte Chemie Int.
Migrating pKa data from DrugMet to Wikidata
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

In 2010 Samuel Lampa and I started a pet project: collecting pK

a

data: he was working on RDF extension of MediaWiki and I like consuming RDF data. We started DrugMet. When you read this post, this MediaWiki installation may already be down, which is why I am migrating the data to Wikidata. Why?
Groovy Cheminformatics 3rd edition
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Update: the fourth edition is out.
Chemistry in HTML: Greasemonkey again
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Here’s a quick update on my blog about SMILES, CAS and InChI in blogs: Greasemonkey

last sunday. The original download was messed up :( You can download a new version at userscripts.org. This new version also supports chem:compound, for any chemical.
Microformats in chemistry...
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Peter blogged some days ago about microformats and how they could be used in chemistry. Being late and a bit absent minded, I added a short comment that Chemical blogspace supports microformats for chemistry, and that chemistry is harvested from that, and actually semantically distributed again using CMLRSS.