bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SoundToxins: A Research and Monitoring Partnership for Harmful Phytoplankton in Washington State
Authors: Trainer Vera L. , King Teri L.
Published: March 2023

The more frequent occurrence of marine harmful algal blooms (HABs) and recent problems with newly-described toxins in Puget Sound have increased the risk for illness and have negatively impacted sustainable access to shellfish in Washington State. Marine toxins that affect safe shellfish harvest because of their impact on human health are the saxitoxins that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), domoic acid that causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), diarrhetic shellfish toxins that cause diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) and the recent measurement of azaspiracids, known to cause azaspiracid poisoning (AZP), at low concentrations in Puget Sound shellfish. The flagellate, Heterosigma akashiwo, impacts the health and harvestability of aquacultured and wild salmon in Puget Sound. The more recently described flagellates that cause the illness or death of cultivated and wild shellfish, include Protoceratium reticulatum, known to produce yessotoxins, Akashiwo sanguinea and Phaeocystis globosa. This increased incidence of HABs, especially dinoflagellate HABs that are expected in increase with enhanced stratification linked to climate change, has necessitated the partnership of state regulatory programs with SoundToxins, the research, monitoring and early warning program for HABs in Puget Sound, that allows shellfish growers, Native tribes, environmental learning centers and citizens, to be the “eyes on the coast”. This partnership enables safe harvest of wholesome seafood for consumption in the region and helps to describe unusual events that impact the health of oceans, wildlife and humans.
A Pore Forming Toxin-like Protein Derived from Chinese Red Belly Toad Bombina maxima Triggers the Pyroptosis of Hippomal Neural Cells and Impairs the Cognitive Ability of Mice
Authors: Ye Qingqing , Wang Qiquan , Lee Wenhui , Xiang Yang , Yuan Jixue , Zhang Yun , Guo Xiaolong
Published: March 2023

Toxin-like proteins and peptides of skin secretions from amphibians play important physiological and pathological roles in amphibians. βγ-CAT is a Chinese red-belly toad-derived pore-forming toxin-like protein complex that consists of aerolysin domain, crystalline domain, and trefoil factor domain and induces various toxic effects via its membrane perforation process, including membrane binding, oligomerization, and endocytosis. Here, we observed the death of mouse hippocampal neuronal cells induced by βγ-CAT at a concentration of 5 nM. Subsequent studies showed that the death of hippocampal neuronal cells was accompanied by the activation of Gasdermin E and caspase-1, suggesting that βγ-CAT induces the pyroptosis of hippocampal neuronal cells. Further molecular mechanism studies revealed that the pyroptosis induced by βγ-CAT is dependent on the oligomerization and endocytosis of βγ-CAT. It is well known that the damage of hippocampal neuronal cells leads to the cognitive attenuation of animals. The impaired cognitive ability of mice was observed after intraperitoneal injection with 10 μg/kg βγ-CAT in a water maze assay. Taken together, these findings reveal a previously unknown toxicological function of a vertebrate-derived pore-forming toxin-like protein in the nerve system, which triggers the pyroptosis of hippocampal neuronal cells, ultimately leading to hippocampal cognitive attenuation.
Fusarium Head Blight on Wheat: Biology, Modern Detection and Diagnosis and Integrated Disease Management
Authors: Alisaac Elias , Mahlein Anne-Katrin
Published: March 2023

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major threat for wheat production worldwide. Most reviews focus on Fusarium graminearum as a main causal agent of FHB. However, different Fusarium species are involved in this disease complex. These species differ in their geographic adaptation and mycotoxin profile. The incidence of FHB epidemics is highly correlated with weather conditions, especially rainy days with warm temperatures at anthesis and an abundance of primary inoculum. Yield losses due to the disease can reach up to 80% of the crop. This review summarizes the Fusarium species involved in the FHB disease complex with the corresponding mycotoxin profiles, disease cycle, diagnostic methods, the history of FHB epidemics, and the management strategy of the disease. In addition, it discusses the role of remote sensing technology in the integrated management of the disease. This technology can accelerate the phenotyping process in the breeding programs aiming at FHB-resistant varieties. Moreover, it can support the decision-making strategies to apply fungicides via monitoring and early detection of the diseases under field conditions. It can also be used for selective harvest to avoid mycotoxin-contaminated plots in the field.
Evaluation of Potential In Vitro Recombination Events in Codon Deoptimized FMDV Strains
Authors: Spinard Edward , Fish Ian , Azzinaro Paul A. , Rodriguez-Calzada Monica , Hartwig Ethan J. , Smoliga George R. , Mogulothu Aishwarya , Arzt Jonathan , de los Santos Teresa , Medina Gisselle N.
Published: March 2023

Codon deoptimization (CD) has been recently used as a possible strategy to derive foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) live-attenuated vaccine (LAV) candidates containing DIVA markers. However, reversion to virulence, or loss of DIVA, from possible recombination with wild-type (WT) strains has yet to be analyzed. An in vitro assay was developed to quantitate the levels of recombination between WT and a prospective A24-P2P3 partially deoptimized LAV candidate. By using two genetically engineered non-infectious RNA templates, we demonstrate that recombination can occur within non-deoptimized viral genomic regions (i.e., 3′end of P3 region). The sequencing of single plaque recombinants revealed a variety of genome compositions, including full-length WT sequences at the consensus level and deoptimized sequences at the sub-consensus/consensus level within the 3′end of the P3 region. Notably, after further passage, two recombinants that contained deoptimized sequences evolved to WT. Overall, recombinants featuring large stretches of CD or DIVA markers were less fit than WT viruses. Our results indicate that the developed assay is a powerful tool to evaluate the recombination of FMDV genomes in vitro and should contribute to the improved design of FMDV codon deoptimized LAV candidates.
Design and In Silico Validation of a Novel MZF-1-Based Multi-Epitope Vaccine to Combat Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Krishnamoorthy HemaNandini Rajendran , Karuppasamy Ramanathan
Published: March 2023

Immunotherapy is emerging as a potential therapeutic strategy for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) owing to the immunogenic landscape of its tumor microenvironment. Interestingly, peptide-based cancer vaccines have garnered a lot of attention as one of the most promising cancer immunotherapy regimens. Thus, the present study intended to design a novel, efficacious peptide-based vaccine against TNBC targeting myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF1), a transcription factor that has been described as an oncogenic inducer of TNBC metastasis. Initially, the antigenic peptides from MZF1 were identified and evaluated based on their likelihood to induce immunological responses. The promiscuous epitopes were then combined using a suitable adjuvant (50S ribosomal L7/L12 protein) and linkers (AAY, GPGPG, KK, and EAAAK) to reduce junctional immunogenicity. Furthermore, docking and dynamics analyses against TLR-4 and TLR-9 were carried out to understand more about their structural stability and integrity. Finally, the constructed vaccine was subjected to in silico cloning and immune simulation studies. Overall, the findings imply that the designed chimeric vaccine could induce strong humoral and cellular immune responses in the desired organism. In light of these findings, the final multi-epitope vaccine could be used as an effective prophylactic treatment for TNBC and may pave the way for future research.
Assessing the Accessibility of Cycling Infrastructure for Wheelchair Users: Insights from an On-Road Experiment and Online Questionnaire Study
Authors: Shoman Murad , Imine Hocine
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we pay significant attention to the most vulnerable road users (i.e., people with disabilities) when interacting with cyclists. The special needs of these groups are studied by distributing an online questionnaire about their perception and interaction with cyclists besides conducting an on-road experiment to test the possibility of sharing cycling infrastructure with wheelchair users. In an authentic case study, 2 cyclists and 5 wheelchair users were asked to ride their vehicles on a cycling lane in Madrid, in order to evaluate wheelchair users’ interaction with cyclists and reaction to the infrastructure by applying objective and subjective measures. The participants were provided with GPS, a speed sensor, and a head-mounted camera to record the experiment. The results show that people with disabilities feel threatened by cyclists who share the sidewalk with them; the respondents to the questionnaire suggested making the sidewalk free of cyclists to avoid conflict and improve safety. Moreover, the outputs of the experiment show positive feedback from wheelchair users when sharing cycling infrastructure regarding the improvement of speed and safety feeling. However, it is recommended to increase the number of wheelchair users to obtain more reliable and generalizable results.
A Review of Advances in Groundwater Evapotranspiration Research
Authors: Hou Xianglong , Yang Hui , Cao Jiansheng , Feng Wenzhao , Zhang Yuan
Published: March 2023

Groundwater evapotranspiration (ETg) is an important component of the hydrological cycle in water-scarce regions and is important for local ecosystems and agricultural irrigation management. However, accurate estimation of ETg is not easy due to uncertainties in climatic conditions, vegetation parameters, and the hydrological parameters of the unsaturated zone and aquifers. The current methods for calculating ETg mainly include the WTF method and the numerical groundwater model. The WTF method often requires data supplementation from the numerical unsaturated model to reduce uncertainty; in addition, it relies on point-monitoring data and cannot solve the spatial heterogeneity of ETg. The ETg calculation module of the numerical groundwater model is set up too simply and ignores the influence from the unsaturated zone and surface cover. Subsequent research breakthroughs should focus on the improvement of WTF calculation theory and the setting up of an aquifer water-table fluctuation monitoring network. The numerical groundwater model should couple the surface remote sensing data with the unsaturated zone model to improve the accuracy of ETg calculation.
Distribution Characteristics of Dissolved Oxygen in Spring in the Northern Coastal Beibu Gulf, a Typical Subtropical Bay
Authors: Zheng Qiwen , Zhao Hui , Shi Yuzhen , Duan Meina
Published: March 2023

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is an important parameter for evaluating the seawater quality of the oce-anic environment, but the distribution of DO and its possible mechanisms of marine environ-mental regulation are less studied. Here, the spatial distribution of DO and the influence of main environmental factors on DO were explored using in-situ observation data collected in the northern coastal waters of the Beibu Gulf in April 2021, based on cluster analysis, partial correla-tion analysis, and multiple linear regression. The results showed that DO in surface water of the study area gradually increased from nearshore to offshore, with the nearshore’s DO being nearly saturated and the offshore supersaturated. Tieshan Port and the Maowei Sea had the lowest degree of DO saturation. The partial correlation analysis between DO concentration and environmental factors revealed that the distribution of DO concentration was mainly influenced by temperature and salinity as well as other biochemical factors (i.e., chlorophyll-a, turbidity, and pH). Significant differences existed between the dominant factors in various parts of the northern Beibu Gulf. The western river (Beilun River, Fangcheng River, Maoling River, Qinjiang River) estuaries and offshore areas were dominated by photosynthesis, while the eastern river (Fengfeng River, Nanliu River) estuaries were dominated by oxidation-decomposition. In addition, DO was also affected by the mangrove ecosystem, aquaculture, and coastal industry.
Determinants of Capital Structure: Property and Real Estate Companies (IDX)
Authors: Sutana Clarisa , Pusvikasari Nila
Published: March 2023

The main purpose of this research is to test and analyze the impact of return on assets (ROA), firm size, tangibility, risk, and sale growth on capital structure. In this research, 8 property and real estate companies were used as samples listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a total 9 years raging from the period of 2012 – 2020. The sample was selected based on purposive sampling technique. The data analysis method that were used in this research is descriptive statistics, panel data analysis model, data quality test, classic assumption tests, multiple linear regression, coefficient of correlation, coefficient of determination, goodness-of-fit test, and hypothesis test. The results of this research show that tangibility has a negative impact on capital structure. Whereas for return on assets (ROA), firm size, risk, and sale growth has no impact on capital structure.
Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Disiplin Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. X
Authors: Apriliany Farah Nadiyah , Santoso Wawa
Published: March 2023

The research's purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the independent variables of work motivation, work discipline and work environment on the dependent variable, employee performance at PT. Century Mitra Sukses Sejati. The object in this research is PT. Century Mitra Sukses Sejati located in the Cikupa industrial area, Tangerang. The sampling technique is by saturation sampling with a total of 126 employees. Data acquisition was carried out by distributing questionnaires. The data analysis method used in this study was multiple linear regression analysis .
Phylogenic identification of toxigenic Bacillus cereus in chili and white pepper from Bogor area, Indonesia
Authors: Nanteza Hasifa , Dewanti-Hariyadi Ratih , Nurjanah Siti
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to compare the occurrence and level of Bacillus cereus sensu stricto (B. cereus) in chili, and in previously isolated white pepper from traditional and supermarkets around Bogor, to determine the phylogenetic relationship between the obtained isolates based on their 16S rDNA gene, and to determine their potential toxicity based on ces and nheA genes using Polymerase Chain Reaction. The highest presumptive B. cereus level in samples from traditional and supermarkets was 5.95×105 and 2.6×105 CFU/g respectively. The difference in B. cereus levels between the two market types was not significant. Ten presumptive isolates from chili and 10 from white pepper from our previous study were sequenced, subjected to BLAST analysis, and 13 were confirmed as B. cereus sensu lato. The sequences were phylogenetically analysed and tested for the possession of nheA and ces toxigenic genes. Based on the phylogenetic tree established, 12 of 13 isolates were related to B. cereus, sharing >98% similarity with reference strains. All 12 (100%) isolates owned the nheA gene; none of them possessed the ces gene. Absence of ces gene lessens the danger for emesis from these spices, nonetheless, the 100% presence of nheA gene presents a potential risk for B. cereus diarrheal syndrome.
Nutritional characterization of some Romanian mountain products
Authors: Mihai Adriana Laura , Multescu Mihaela , Negoiță Mioara , Horneț Gabriela-Andreea , Surdu Ioan , Nicula Alexandru-Sabin
Published: March 2023

The consumer demand for healthy and natural products lead to the increased interest of consuming mountain food products. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical-chemical and sensory characteristics of 8 dairy products and 11 meat products collected from different mountainous pastures from Romania. The protein content of dairy products varied between 37.39-47.90% d.m., while the fat content ranged between 43.63-49.57% d.m. For meat products, the protein content and fat content ranged between 11.69-70.07% d.m., and 17.58-95.92 % d.m., respectively. The fatty acid composition of mountain products was influenced by the pasture location, a better PUFA content being determined for products obtained from farms situated at a higher altitude. This research highlights that the quality of mountain products is strongly influenced by the pasture effects, the type of product analyzed and the technological process.
A preliminary study on using ultrasounds for the valorization of spent brewer’s yeast
Authors: Dumitrașcu Loredana , Lanciu (Dorofte) Andreea , Aprodu Iuliana
Published: March 2023

Spent brewer’s yeast is a by-product rich in components with biological activity, being considered an innovative and economical viable solution for creating sustainable functional food systems. This work describes the use of ultrasound treatment, performed under various conditions, with the aim to facilitate the cell lysis and to further characterize the released cellular content of the spent brewer’s yeast. Solid residue content of the spent yeast suspensions was positively influenced by both the amplitude and the exposure time (p<0.05), reaching a maximum content (40.02±0.13 g/100 g dry yeast) at 70% amplitude, after 7.5 minutes of ultrasound treatment under pulsation mode, and the minimum after 2.5 minutes of exposure at 20% ultrasound amplitude under continuous mode (31.59±1.2 g/100 g dry yeast). The content of the soluble proteins released from the yeast cells during the ultrasound treatment under pulsation mode, reached a maximum increase at amplitude of 70%, after 7.5 minutes, being by 85% higher compared to the control represented by untreated yeast suspension. The disintegration index, Z, indicated that the maximum degree of yeast cells disintegration was obtained when applying the ultrasound treatment under pulsation mode for 5 minutes, at 50% amplitude. The antioxidant activity of the yeast extracts depended on the ultrasound conditions applied, the maximum antioxidant activity being measured in the sample exposed to ultrasound under pulsation mode for 5 minutes at 50% amplitude. In conclusion, ultrasound is a good approach to release the intracellular components from the spent brewer’s yeast. Further studies factoring ultrasounds power and frequency should be conducted, such to identify the optimum set of parameters which allow the highest release of the intracellular yeast compounds.
Induction of apoptosis on breast adenocarcinoma and suppression of pathogenic bacterial growth by antioxidant rich tuber extract of Dioscorea Bulbifera
Authors: Induar Sadhni , Meher Rajesh Kumar , Dubey Debasmita , Ghosh Goutam , Sahu Mahesh Chandra , Behera Bikash Chandra , Naik Pradeep Kumar
Published: March 2023

Nature derived product drew a lot of interest because of their potential nutritional and therapeutics value. Most natural compounds are now processed and developed as possible antioxidative, antimitotic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, and anti-carcinogenic pharmaceutical agents. Indeed, several natural products have been used as lead compounds in the development of most potent physiologically relevant chemicals for therapeutic application. In the current study antioxidant and anticancer potential of tuber extract of Dioscorea bulbifera have been determined as well as its antimicrobial potential against pathogenic bacteria. The IC50 value for the extract was found to be 55µg/ml for MCF-7 and 75µg/ml for MD-AMB-231 human breast cancer adenocarcinoma whereas minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of the methanolic extract against S. aureus was 0.19 mg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 1.56 mg/ml. Further to identify compounds responsible for antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial activity GCMS analysis of the extract was conducted. Histopathological and haematological assay were carried out on animal model to identify any toxic effect of extract on vital organ system. This study may be used to provide the groundwork for the creation of novel nature-derived drugs whose biological activity can be determined by further purification, characterization, and validation of the active phytochemicals and their mechanism of action.
Mestizaje y multiculturalidad:
Authors: Murillo Moreno Alexander , Quintero Corrales Hilda Beatriz
Published: March 2023

Se aborda la causalidad de la exclusión sistemática basada en las raíces raciales, desde un enfoque cualitativo e interpretativo a partir del paradigma hermenéutico, y apoyado en la revisión documental como técnica de investigación. Se pretende comprender cómo la negación de derechos derivada de la clasificación étnico-racial apuntala la discriminación, justificando la exclusión social racializada. Se encuentra que la jerarquización latente en la sociedad reside en creencias basadas en argumentos vacíos. Ello está fuertemente anclado a la ideología del mestizaje recurrente en América Latina, donde se plantean imaginarios de homogeneidad alrededor de un marco multicultural que dice reconocer la diversidad multiétnica y los rasgos culturales, disfrazando deliberadamente la supuesta inclusión consagrada desde la multiculturalidad. Se requiere discutir frente a escenarios de desigualdad, problemas raciales, y reconocimiento de derechos, como tarea expresa del Estado, desde el cual se revela la existencia y persistencia de un racismo estructural evidenciado en la marcada pobreza en territorios con población de minoría étnica.
Análisis de los determinantes de la pobreza monetaria en Argentina en el periodo 2003-2019
Authors: Reyes Luján
Published: March 2023

A pesar de las mejoras en el bienestar evidenciadas desde inicios de la década de los 2000, la pobreza en Argentina sigue siendo elevada y la preocupación por su erradicación ocupa el centro de la agenda económica y política del país. Este artículo analiza los determinantes asociados a la evolución de la pobreza monetaria en Argentina durante los periodos 2003-2010 y 2010-2019. Para abordar este objetivo se aplica la metodología de descomposiciones RIF a los datos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares provistos por el INDEC. Los resultados muestran que la modificación en los retornos a los atributos de los hogares es el efecto más importante para explicar la reducción de la pobreza en el primer periodo y la suba en el segundo periodo. Además, se encuentra que las características demográficas, educativas y laborales de los miembros del hogar son los factores más relevantes para explicar la evolución de la tasa de pobreza. La evidencia presentada es novedosa y realiza un aporte a la compresión de las causas subyacentes a los cambios en las carencias de ingresos en Argentina en el periodo reciente.
interdependencia hegemónica
Authors: Laporte Juan Pablo
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo presenta un enfoque teórico-conceptual para el entendimiento de la política exterior argentina en su interrelación con el orden sistémico global. Este acercamiento se orienta a pensar un patrón de inserción internacional que forme parte de un conjunto de políticas públicas orientadas a un desarrollo inclusivo. Para llevar a cabo lo mencionado, en primer lugar, realizaremos un recorrido por los paradigmas de las Relaciones Internacionales, destacando aquellos elementos que contribuyen al esquema teórico propuesto; en segundo lugar, haremos lo propio con los paradigmas de la política exterior argentina; en tercer lugar, teorizaremos y ampliaremos el concepto de interdependencia hegemónica como aporte al entendimiento del orden global y de la política exterior argentina; en cuarto lugar, desagregaremos este concepto en sus dimensiones externas e internas aplicadas al diseño de un patrón de inserción internacional. Finalmente, plantearemos algunas conclusiones y perspectivas de investigación: profundizar esta propuesta teórica planteada y desagregarla en indicadores empíricos para su aplicación al estudio de casos en América Latina y la Argentina.
Críticas, respuestas y algunos aportes al Realismo Periférico
Authors: Rubbi Lautaro N. , Battaleme Juan E.
Published: March 2023

A un año del fallecimiento de Carlos Escudé, prolífico autor argentino y protagonista de sendos debates teóricos y prácticos sobre política exterior, el presente artículo, de carácter estrictamente teórico, aborda las principales críticas planteadas por la literatura académica a su teoría del Realismo Periférico, junto con algunas posibles respuestas a tales detracciones. A continuación, se abordan algunos aportes propios a fin de elevar el poder descriptivo y explicativo de la teoría, haciendo hincapié en el concepto de doble periferia y profundizando sobre la cuestión de vinculación de cuestiones, lo que lleva a abordar el concepto de valor estratégico percibido de los países periféricos.
Conservación y progreso en la idea de comunidad
Authors: Lagos Flores Roberto
Published: March 2023

En este trabajo se describe y explica la revalorización de la idea-elemento “comunidad” (Nisbet, 2003[1966]) dentro de la tradición del pensamiento sociológico más profundo, acaso originario de la disciplina, lo que permite analizar una serie de políticas, programas y discursos públicos contemporáneos que se basan en la necesidad de construir comunidad bajo la idea de una profundización democrática. En efecto, se destaca la idea-elemento comunidad porque se considera un fenómeno que posee un eje analítico doble: origen intelectual del concepto versus uso político actual, todo ello dentro de la tradición teórico-sociológica moderna, intentando demostrar en las siguientes líneas que existe la conservación de una idea de comunidad original en el pensamiento sociológico (aplicado contemporáneamente a las políticas de gobierno), pero a la vez la superación de sí misma.
Prototype of a mobile application for the registration and diagnosis of patients
infected with tuberculosis in the Huasteca Hidalguense region
Authors: MENDOZA-SAN JUAN Luis Alberto , SALAZAR-CASANOVA Hermes , DEL CARMENMORALES Yucels Anaí , MARTÍNEZ-MAGOS Juan Carlos
Published: March 2023

This project aims to document the migration of the web prototype for the registration of patients potentially infected with tuberculosis in the Huasteca Hidalguense to a mobile application that facilitates usability through different devices for the Sanitary Jurisdiction No.10 of Huejutla de Reyes, Hidalgo. The methodology used is Xp Extreme Programming, which allows rapid development, with a panorama and more used approach to agile software development; it has as phases planning, design, coding and testing. As a result, a mobile prototype was developed, using React Native technology, which is adapted for this project that is intended to be scalable and cover a wide range of devices, regardless of the technology, or the manufacturer because the framework used has the ability to perform cross-platform applications, optimizing development time. This research has as its main advantage the transparency of the application for users, because they will be able to use any mobile device regardless of the operating system for its operation, eliminating restrictions and limitations to the personnel of the Health Jurisdiction for the registration of samples of patients potentially infected with Tuberculosis in the region of the Huasteca Hidalguense, streamlining the diagnostic process.
Clarification of the effluent of an anaerobic digestion process: comparative study of single-stage and double-phase processes, with addition of coagulant and without addition of chemical coagulant
Authors: RODRIGUEZ-MORALES José Alberto , RAMOS-LOPEZ Miguel Ángel , CAMPOS-GUILLEN Juan , LEDESMA-GARCIA Janet
Published: March 2023

A study of the phenomenon of sedimentation of sludge from the anaerobic digestion of codigestion phases and monostage was performed, compared with addition and without addition of coagulant, the dose and concentration required was determined in the laboratory by jar test, the concentration of FeCl3 resulted in 15000 mg / l. The results of the sedimentation curves of the interface below codigestion phases fit the equation y = 0.0861 x2 -14.198 x + 970.63, the interphase curves below co-digestion phases with addition of FeCl3 fits an equation y = 0.0714 x2 - 12.512 x + 1008.4, the interface above single-stage codigestion fits an equation y = 0.0423 x2- 6.3681 x + 917.91, the interface below single-stage codigestion fits an equation y = 0.0953 x2 - 15.714 x + 975.1, the interface above single-stage codigestion with addition of FeCl3 fits an equation y = 0.0393 x2 - 5.196 x + 977.79, the interphase below single-stage codigestion with addition of FeCl3 fits into an equation y = 0.838 x2 - 13.824 x + 981.43.
Maileguak Larramendiren hiztegian
Authors: Urgell Blanca
Published: March 2023

Lan honetan Lakarrak (1985) ezarritako ikuspegitik abiatu gara, Larra mendiren Hiztegi Hirukoitzako maileguak aztertzeko, hiztegi beraren iturriez eta sorbideez egindako lan orokorrago baten barruan (Urgell 2000). Xede honekin, maileguen erakusgarri bat arakatu dugu, ikuspuntu ezberdinen arabera ezauzgarriztatuz (arlo semantikoak, gramatika kategoriak eta lehenagoko erabilera), baina batez ere hiztegigileak berak agerian aipatutako hatsapenen arabera neurtuz, hots, maileguak beharrezkoak direnentz eta haientzat euskal etimologiarik proposatu duenentz. Halatan, Larramendirenean teoria lexikoa eta praktika lexikografikoaren artean dauden batetortzeak eta aldeak ikusteko parada izango dugu.
REINDEER OF THE TAIGA ZONE OF EASTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Давыдов А.В. , Моргунов Н.А. , Чугреев М.К. , Ткачева И.С.
Published: March 2023

В статье анализируется состояние популяций дикого северного оленя в таёжной зоне Восточной Сибири. Приводятся данные о статусе, распространении, численности, морфологических особенностях, образе жизни, миграциях, местах обитания, половозрастной структуре, стадности, размножении, плодовитости, питании, болезнях оленей. Даётся краткое описание состояния оленеводства, породный состав домашних северных оленей Восточной Сибири.

The article analyzes the state of wild reindeer populations in the taiga zone of Eastern Siberia. Data on the status, distribution, number, morphological characteristics, lifestyle, migrations, habitats, sex and age structure, herd instinct, reproduction, fertility, nutrition, deer diseases are given. A brief description of the state of reindeer husbandry, the breed composition of domestic reindeer of Eastern Siberia is given.
STUDY THE RESULTS OF DRESSAGE COMPETITIONS OF HORSES OF DIFFERENT BREEDS
Authors: Блохина М.В. , Стефаниди М.С.
Published: March 2023

В статье представлен анализ результатов выступлений лошадей трёх пород – ганноверской, голландской теплокровной, ольденбургской – в соревнованиях по выездке за последние три года (2019–2021 гг.). Все изучаемые породы востребованы в данном виде соревнований. Популярность этих соревнований растёт, так как они объединяют спорт и искусство. Изучались протоколы Всероссийских соревнований лошадей в категориях «Малый Приз», «Средний Приз», «Большой Приз» и «Молодые лошади» (гр. «С»). Учтены технические результаты соревнований у 95 голов лошадей. По численности лошадей в выступлениях наиболее представительна ганноверская порода. В соревнованиях категории «Молодые лошади» (гр. «С») представители ольденбургской породы превосходят две другие породы по большинству показателей оценки – сумма 38,2 балла и 76,3%. За все исследуемые годы ганноверские лошади свои лучшие достижения показывали в соревнованиях «Большой Приз». Лошади ганноверской породы составляли хорошую конкуренцию голландской теплокровной по результатам выступлений в соревнованиях «Малый Приз» и «Средний Приз». Молодые лошади, получившие наибольшие баллы в соревнованиях по выездке, в дальнейшем показывают лучшие результаты в спортивных соревнованиях.

The article presents an analysis of the performance results of horses of three breeds – Hanoverian, Dutch Warmblood, Oldenburg – in dressage competitions over the past three years (2019–2021). All breeds under study are in demand in this type of competition. The popularity of these competitions is growing, as they combine sports and art. The protocols of the All-Russian horse competitions in the categories "Small Prize", "Middle Prize", "Big Prize" and "Young Horses" (g. "C") were studied. The technical results of the competition for 95 horses were taken into account. In terms of the number of horses in performances the Hanoverian breed is the most representative. In the competitions category "Young Horses" (gr. "C"), representatives of the Oldenburg breed surpass two other breeds in most assessment indicators – the sum of 38.2 points and 76.3%. For all the years under study Hanoverian horses showed their best achievements in the "Big Prize" competition. Horses of the Hanoverian breed competed well with the Dutch Warmblood according to the results of performances in the "Small Prize" and "Middle Prize" competitions. The young horses that scored the most in dressage competitions go on to show the best results in sporting events.
Esporte, Drogas e Juventude
Authors: Ignácio Mauro Castro , Myskiw Mauro , Boehl Walter Reyes
Published: March 2023

Como pesquisadores, que vivem o esporte, nos engajamos no deslinde de compreender sobre as relações esporte, drogas e juventudes. Nesse sentido, alguns estudos demonstram o esporte como artefato salvacionista para as juventudes no sentido de não-uso de drogas. Esses dados dão suporte à visão de que somado à lacuna de estudos no GESEF/UFRGS no que tange ao uso das drogas, cotejaram o objetivo principal desta investigação, que visa em compreender, por meio do uso de uma análise dos eixos norteadores dos estudos sobre esse universo, as teias de significados que essa tríade se configura. Ao analisar esse conjunto, podemos perceber como a juventude e as drogas coexistem nesse espaço, e o esporte não é necessariamente um meio de salvação.
O Lazer para Cegos ou Surdos
Authors: Saraiva Soraya Viana , Oliveira Ana Paula Guimarães Santos de
Published: March 2023

O tema desta pesquisa foi escolhido a partir da identificação de lacunas de estudos que tratassem de forma conjunta temas como deficiência, acessibilidade, lazer e turismo. O objetivo geral foi compreender as dificuldades enfrentadas para o acesso à cultura e para a fruição do lazer e do turismo pelos cegos ou surdos. Discute-se sobre acessibilidade universal, inclusão social, cidadania e turismo, direito à cidade, autonomia das pessoas com deficiência, turismo de pessoas com deficiência, deficiência e inclusão social, lazer e espaços culturais. Para a coleta dos dados, utilizou-se abordagem qualitativa, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, cujos dados foram analisados a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo, sendo as principais categorias: acessibilidade, qualificação, vivência, público e adequações. Como resultado observou-se a existência de obstáculos para a fruição do lazer e do turismo, e que os equipamentos culturais são parcialmente acessíveis. Constatou-se o sentimento de falta de autonomia para os cegos ou surdos. A baixa acessibilidade atitudinal foi apontada como mais relevante na percepção dos entrevistados.
Contribuição ao melhor conhecimento da pequena preguiça terrícola Nothrotherium maquinense (Lund) Lydekker, 1889
Authors: Cartelle Castor , Fonseca José Sílvio
Published: March 2023

No presente trabalho é feito o estudo de esqueleto quase completo de Nothrotherium maquinense (Lund), Lydekker, 1889, encontrado na Gruta dos Brejões (Bahia), município de Morro do Chapéu. É dada especial ênfase as partes esqueletais que, até a presente data, eram desconhecidas. É feito, também, um estudo comparativo com a espécie afim Nothroteriops shastensis, da América do Norte, contatando-se o acerto de Paula Couto (1971) ao separar, genericamente, ambas as espécies. Finalmente, e oferecida uma hipotética linha evolutiva a partir de formas do Mioceno argentino.
Abundance and diversity of the sublittoral meiofauna on two sand beaches under different hydrodynamic conditions at Ilha do Mel (PR, Brazil)
Authors: Corgosinho Paulo H. C. , Metri Rafael , Baptista Cassiana , Calil Patrícia , Arbizu Pedro M. Martinez
Published: March 2023

The meiofaunal community of two hydrodynamically different sand beaches was studied at Ilha do Mel, Paraná state (25º29’ S and 48°17’ W), Brazil. The sediment at a sheltered site and at a site exposed to open ocean was dominated mainly by fine sand. At the sheltered site the sediment was less sorted, with some clay, silt and organic matter. Sea water salinity and temperature did not differ between the two sites. Total meiofauna and Nematoda densities were greater at the exposed site. The high vertical migratory capacity of Nematoda in comparison with other meiofaunal taxa, and the almost complete absence of other interstitial meiofaunal groups could explain this pattern. High resistance to environmental impacts (i.e. turbidity) could be another possible explanation for the high Nematoda densities at the exposed site. On this basis, the low Nematoda/Copepoda ratio at the sheltered site could be an indication of moderate hydrodynamic stress at this place, since Copepoda are more sensitive to environmental disturbances than Nematoda. Copepoda densities, Shannon diversity (log 2), and evenness indices were higher at the more eutrophic (sheltered) site. Cluster analysis showed that replicated samples were more similar within each site (sheltered or exposed) than between them (sheltered x exposed), thus illustrating a possible response of meiofaunal taxa to environmental differences imposed by different hydrodynamic regimes.
Comunidades de formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) de serapilheira em áreas de cerrado “stricto sensu” em Minas Gerais
Authors: Ramos Lucimeire de S. , Zanetti-Bonetti Filho Ronald , Delabie Jacques H. C. , Lacau Sébastien , Santos Maria de Fátima S. dos , Nascimento Ivan C. do , Marinho Cidália Gabriela S.
Published: March 2023

The ant communities in both a native cerrado remnant in good preservation conditions and an anthropized area have been studied at Bom Despacho, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Winkler technique was used to extract the litter ants, taking out 50 one-square meter litter samples in each area. Sixty-seven species were collected in the well-preserved cerrado area, and 45 in the anthropized one. Important differences were observed between the cerrado remnant and the degraded area, mainly regarding the generic and specific richness. Species richness (Chao2 index) in the native area proved to be higher, while the dominance, evaluated by the Berger-Parker index, was 0.11 (for Solenopsis sp.1) in this area, and 0.13 (for Pheidole fallax) in the degraded one. The dispersion index (P05) showed that the native community is more homogenous that of the degraded cerrado. The Myrmicinae were most frequently found (49 species), followed by the Formicinae (17 species). Camponotus and Pheidole had the largest species numbers (10 for each) among all genera.
Redescoberta de Panicum brachystachyum Trin. (Poaceae) na Cadeia do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Viana Pedro L. , Mota Rubens C.
Published: March 2023

Panicum brachystachyum, a Poaceae species previously thought to be extinct was rediscovered in the Parque Natural Municipal Ribeirão do Campo, Conceição do Mato Dentro, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A redescription and an illustration of the species are presented, emphasizing the rhizomatous habit and caryopsis, aspects not to be found in the literature. The hypothesis of this species being endemic in the Serra do Cipó region is strengthened.

Keywords: Panicum brachystachyum, Paniceae, Poaceae, Espinhaço Range, Brazil.
Description of the male Eufriesea nigrohirta (Friese, 1899) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) with comments on the holotype, species biology and distribution
Authors: Nemésio André
Published: March 2023

Eufriesea nigrohirta (Friese, 1899) was described based on a single female from Pará state, northern Brazil. However, no more specimens have ever been collected in northern Brazil, but several specimens which have often been attributed to this species have been collected above 1,000-m elevation in the “campos rupestres” of mountain ranges in Minas Gerais and Bahia states. A comparison of these females to the holotype of E. nigrohirta has shown that they belong, in fact, to this species. The male is described for the first time. A list of all plant species known to be visited by E. nigrohirta is also presented.
Studies on Neotropical Protoneuridae. 18. Epipleoneura janirae sp. n. from the Amazonian region of Brazil (Odonata: Protoneuridae)
Authors: Machado Angelo B. M.
Published: March 2023

Epipleoneura janirae sp.n. from the Amazonian region of Brazil (Belterra, State of Pará) is described and illustrated. This new species is related to E. uncinata De Marmels, 1989 for its structural characters and differs from all known species of the genus for its predominantly pale thoracic color.
Distribuição do esforço de coleta de Odonata no Brasil – subsídios para escolha de áreas prioritárias para levantamentos faunísticos
Authors: Marco Jr. Paulo de , Vianna Dana M.
Published: March 2023

There is an urgent need to prioritize conservation areas, so that the invested resources protect as much biodiversity as possible, especially in developing countries. A way to select such areas is to estimate the biodiversity distribution but this strategy is constrained by the lack of knowledge and/or by the inaccessibility of the available information on species distribution. Based on a database on Odonata distribution in Brazil, it is shown that the sampling-effort and the largest numbers of recorded odonate species and genera are concentrated in areas with large number of researchers. The 6203 records employed here are distributed in only 29% of the national territory. The species richness is concentrated mainly in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and São Paulo, in the Amazon River varzea and in some isolated points, such as Cuiabá (Mato Grosso state). We suggest that the sampling and inventory efforts are increased for Odonata, especially in the Brazilian northeast and areas in the Brazilian and Guyana Shields, for which there is practically no information available.
Notas sobre Naucoroidea (Hemiptera: Naucoridae). 3ra. Serie. Estudios con microscopio electrónico de barrido: corion de los huevos de Ambrysus (Ambrysus) attenuatus Montandon, Ambrysus (Ambrysus) acutangulus Montandon y Ambrysus(Ambrysus) stali La Rivers
Authors: Ruf Mónica L. López
Published: March 2023

Chorionic sculpturing differs interespecifically in Ambrysus Stål. The eggs of three species were examined with scanning electron microscopy, described and illustrated. Different patterns on the chorion were found in the three species. In A. acutangulus and A. stali, a rounded area with different pattern appears at the anterior pole and the design disappears near the micropyla. In A. attenuatus the pattern is uniform on the surface.
High-speed measurement of two-dimensional displacement of myocardium using element RF data of ultrasonic probe
Authors: Hara Kaisei , Mori Shohei , Arakawa Mototaka , Kanai Hiroshi
Published: March 2023

Improving the accuracy of heart wall motion measurement is essential to realise better cardiac function evaluation. This paper proposed a two-dimensional (2D) displacement estimation method with a high temporal resolution using the 2D complex cross-correlation of element RF signals of an ultrasonic probe between frames returned from the target scatterers. The application of the proposed method to the phantom displacement confirmed its principle. The estimated 2D displacement of the phantom was consistent with the set displacement. Subsequently, the method was applied to two healthy subjects to measure the 2D displacement of the interventricular septum during one cardiac cycle. Consequently, during systole and diastole, the movement of the myocardium was measured, and the results were validated.
Stefan Zweig vive. La Casa nella rua Gonçalves Dias, 34, Valparaiso, Petropolis
Authors: Campani Giovanna
Published: March 2023

Il giorno 23 febbraio 1942, lo scrittore austriaco Stefan Zweig e la seconda moglie Charlotte Elizabeth (Lotte) Altmann furono ritrovati nel loro letto -ormai senza vita, nella modesta casa che affittavano in rua Gonçalves Dias, 34, quartiere Valparaiso, Petropolis, cittadina collinare distante circa settanta km. da Rio de Janeiro, un tempo residenza estiva dall’Imperatore Pedro II. A scoprire la tragedia furono la domestica ed il di lei marito, Dulce e Antonio Morais, i quali, non vedendo i padroni di casa uscire dalla stanza da letto, alle quattro del pomeriggio, decisero finalmente di forzarne la porta, chiusa a chiave dall’interno. La scrittrice cilena Gabriela Mistral, che all’epoca risiedeva a Petropolis ed era amica della coppia, raccontò l’evento in una lettera all’amico Eduardo Mallea, datata 24 febbraio: “La criada tenía costumbre de que sus patrones durmiesen hasta las 10; no le extrañó mucho, al acercarse a la puerta hacia las 12, oír "la respiración del señor Zweig". Pero la pobre mujer solamente a las cuatro se decidió a abrir la puerta. Avisó a la policía; andaba tan trastornada que al recibir a un arquitecto francés que venía de visita, le contestó: "Sí, allí están; pero están muertos”.
Al Capone e i gangster visti dalla Francia: una mafia di cui si mantenne nell’ombra il nome
Authors: Volle Nicolas
Published: March 2023

The appearance in the French press of Al Capone’s banditry compensates the supposed victory of fascism against the Mafia. In the space of a few years, it reveals a new criminality whose operating modes equal those of the Mafia. But this press, dazzled by the violence and novelty of this banditry fails to grasp its similarities to the Mafia. Exposing the ways in which French journalists reveals this criminality, the article questions the reasons why they do not see its proximity to the Mafia.
ظاهرة الوحي إشكالية تباين المراتب الوجودية بين الوحي والموحى اليه
Authors: هاشم نهضة
Published: March 2023

الوحي في اللغة هو نوع من الارتباط الخفي السريع بين طرفين احدهما مؤثر والآخر متأثر, وقد يتم عبر المشافهة أو الكتابة او الإشارة , أما اصطلاحا فمن تعريفاته أن يعُلِمَ الله تعالى من اصطفاه من البشر كل ما أراد اطلاعه عليه من الهداية والعلم، بطريقة سرية خفية . ويفترق الوحي عن معنى الإلهام والكشف , فالإلهام قد يحصل من الله تعالى بغير واسطة الملَك، أما الوحي فيحصل بواسطته , وهو مشروط بالتبليغ دون الالهام . ومن أقسام الوحي الإلهي, وحي النبوة والرسالة, الوحي الأمري, الوحي بالإشارة, والوحي التقديري, أما صور الوحي فهي, القاء المعنى في قلب النبي بصورة مباشرة , أو يخلق الله تعالى الكلام فيسمعه النبي من وراء حجاب من دون توسط رسول , أو أن يرسل تعالى ملكا الى رسوله يبلغه رسالات ربه .
الشعائر الدينية للأقليات المهاجرة ودورها في ترسيخ الهوية الثقافية في المهجر مسيرة الأربعين في مدينة ديربورن في ولاية ميشيغان الامريكية نموذجا
Authors: الانصاري أحمد
Published: March 2023

تمثل ممارسة الشعائر الدينية واحدة من أهم صور تجسيد الهوية بين أبناء الجاليات بما تمثله من فرصة لأبناء الجاليات للاتصال بجذورهم الثقافية والاجتماعية والدينية. ومن جانب أخر هي فرصة لربط أبنائهم من الجيل الجديد الذي نشأوا وترعرعوا في المهجر بالثقافة الأم، حيث يتوق ذويهم لغرس بعض قيم مجتمع الأصل في هويتهم الثقافية بعيداً عن تأثير ثقافة المجتمع المهيمن. من هنا تأتي أهمية هذه الدراسة الانثروبولوجية لغرض تقديم مثالاً عمليا لواحدة من تلك الممارسات الاجتماعية للمهاجرين العراقيين في ولاية ميشيغان الأمريكية، حيث توظف الدراسة المنهج الاثنوغرافي في تقديم وصف لواحدة من أهم الممارسات الدينية التي يحرص أفراد الجالية العراقية في ميشيغان على تأديتها وهي مسيرة الأربعين والتي هي عبارة عن مسيرة راجلة يؤديها حشد كبير من الناس في أحد شوارع مدينة ديربورن وتمثل تلك المسيرة عملية محاكاة لمسيرة الأربعين التي يؤديها عادةً الملاين من الناس باتجاه قبر الامام الحسين في مدينة كربلاء العراقية. وهنا يدأب أبناء الجالية لاستغلال هذه الممارسات لأبراز الوجه المشرق للإسلام في مواجهة حملات التشويه التي يشنها الاعلام المظلل.