bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An atom efficient, single-source precursor route to plasmonic CuS nanocrystals
Authors: Mann Patrick Bergstrom , McGregor Iain J. , Bourke Struan , Burkitt-Gray Mary , Fairclough Simon , Ma Michelle T. , Hogarth Graeme , Thanou Maya , Long Nicholas , Green Mark
Published: November 2018

The synthesis of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) from single-source precursors offers simplified manufacturing processes at the cost of reduced atom efficiency.
Controllable synthesis of isoreticular pillared-layer MOFs based on N-rich triangular prism building units: gas adsorption and luminescent properties
Authors: Xie Wei , Yao Chan , Shao Kui-Zhan , Xu Yan-Hong , Su Zhong-Min
Published: November 2018

Isoreticular 1–4 MOFs with rare lon topologies have been rationally synthesized based on novel trigonal-prism building units.
Guide column array: a versatile approach to aligning and patterning ceramic nanofibers
Authors: Budi Maeve A. K. , Kubart Austin , Andrew Jennifer S.
Published: November 2018

Ceramic fibers have been manufactured via electrospinning for a variety of applications, including microelectronics, gas sensing, and memory systems.
Translocation of DNA and protein through a sequentially polymerized polyurea nanopore
Authors: Kim Hyung-Jun , Choi Ui-Jin , Kim Hyein , Lee Kidan , Park Kyeong-Beom , Kim Hyun-Mi , Kwak Dong-Kyu , Chi Seung-Wook , Lee Jin Seok , Kim Ki-Bum
Published: November 2018

Here, we investigated the translocation of biomolecules, such as DNA and protein, through a sequentially polymerized polyurea nanopore, with a thin (<10 nm) polymer membrane of uniform thickness.
Single and polycrystalline CeO2nanorods as oxygen-electrode materials for lithium–oxygen batteries
Authors: Sung Myeong-Chang , Lee Gwang-Hee , Kim Dong-Wan
Published: November 2018

Single crystalline CeO2nanorods electrocatalysts represent an excellent cycle reversibility for use in lithium–oxygen batteries.
Tailoring porous carbon spheres for supercapacitors
Authors: Xu Ming , Yu Qiang , Liu Zhenhui , Lv Jianshuai , Lian Sitian , Hu Bin , Mai Liqiang , Zhou Liang
Published: November 2018

In this review, we provide a comprehensive summarization of the syntheses of porous carbon spheres with tailored structures for supercapacitors. Five categories of synthetic methodologies are generally discussed.
Redox-sensitive, cholesterol-bearing PEGylated poly(propylene imine)-based dendrimersomes for drug and gene delivery to cancer cells
Authors: Laskar Partha , Somani Sukrut , Altwaijry Najla , Mullin Margaret , Bowering Deborah , Warzecha Monika , Keating Patricia , Tate Rothwelle J. , Leung Hing Y. , Dufès Christine
Published: November 2018

Synthesis of redox-sensitive, cholesterol-bearing PEGylated poly(propyleneimine)-based dendrimersomes for drug and gene delivery to prostate cancer cells.
Facile synthesis of fused polycyclic compounds via intramolecular oxidative cyclization/aromatization of β-tetralone or β-tetralone oximes
Authors: Jiang Yan , Yu Shuo-Wen , Yang Yi , Liu Ying-Le , Xu Xiao-Ying , Zhang Xiao-Mei , Yuan Wei-Cheng
Published: November 2018

A mild and efficient NXS promoted intramolecular oxidative cyclization/aromatization of β-tetralone or β-tetralone oximes has been explored.
Iron(iii) chloride-catalyzed activation of glycosyl chlorides
Authors: Geringer Scott A. , Demchenko Alexei V.
Published: November 2018

Glycosyl chlorides can be readily activated with 20 mol% of FeCl3.
Asymmetric synthesis of the tetracyclic core of bufogargarizin C by an intramolecular [5 + 2] cycloaddition
Authors: Fan Jian-Hong , Hu Ya-Jian , Guo Qiang , Li Shaoping , Zhao Jing , Li Chuang-Chuang
Published: November 2018

A concise asymmetric synthesis of the synthetically challenging 7/5/6/5-tetracyclic core of bufogargarizin C by a unique intramolecular [5 + 2] cycloaddition was reported.
Specific and sensitive imaging of basal cysteine over homocysteine in living cells
Authors: Nie Longxue , Guo Bingpeng , Gao Congcong , Zhang Shaowen , Jing Jing , Zhang Xiaoling
Published: November 2018

A turn-on fluorescent probe conjugating with a reactive acrylate for visualization of basal Cys specifically in living cells was developed.
Development of hyperbranched crosslinkers from bio-derived platform molecules for the synthesis of epoxidised soybean oil based thermosets
Authors: Kamjornsupamitr Trin , Hunt Andrew J. , Supanchaiyamat Nontipa
Published: November 2018

Carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched crosslinkers have been synthesised by the facile esterification of glycerol with succinic anhydride. Gly-SA crosslinkers were used to cure epoxidised soybean oil to yield fully bio-derived thermosetting resins.
The influence of the morphological characteristics of nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) structures on capacitive touch sensor performance: a biological application
Authors: Carneiro J. O. , Machado F. , Pereira M. , Teixeira V. , Costa M. F. , Ribeiro Artur , Cavaco-Paulo Artur , Samantilleke A. P.
Published: November 2018

This work is devoted to the study of the influence of different anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) morphologies on the sensitivity and performance of an AAO-based capacitive touch sensor.
Rare earth complexes using azobenzene-containing poly(aryl ether)s with different absorption wavelengths as macromolecular ligands: synthesis, characterization, fluorescence properties and fabrication of fluorescent holographic micropatterns
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Chen Shanyong
Published: November 2018

Preparation and fluorescence properties of rare earth complexes using azobenzene-containing poly(aryl ether)s with different absorption wavelengths as macromolecular ligands.
At room temperature in water: efficient hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol with a Pt/SiC–C catalyst
Authors: Wang Guimei , Yao Ruihua , Xin Huiyue , Guan Yejun , Wu Peng , Li Xiaohong
Published: November 2018

A Pt/SiC–C catalyst was proved to be active, selective and reusable for furfural hydrogenation to furfuryl alcohol at room temperature in neat water.
Parametric sensitivity in the Sabatier reaction over Ru/Al2O3 – theoretical determination of the minimal requirements for reactor activation
Authors: Moioli Emanuele , Gallandat Noris , Züttel Andreas
Published: November 2018

The parametric sensitivity of the Sabatier reaction is investigated, determining the requirements for reactor activation.
Continuous-flow liquid-phase dehydrogenation of 1,4-cyclohexanedione in a structured multichannel reactor
Authors: Ashraf M. Arsalan , Tan Julia , Davidson Matthew G. , Bull Steven , Hutchby Marc , Mattia Davide , Plucinski Pawel
Published: November 2018

A highly selective continuous-flow process is developed for liquid-phase dehydrogenation to produce a high yield of hydroquinone in a millimetre-scale structured multichannel reactor.
The development of Chinese undergraduate students’ competence of scientific writing in the context of an advanced organic chemistry experiment course
Authors: Deng Yang , Kelly Gregory J. , Xiao Lishi
Published: November 2018

This study examines scientific practices associated with scientific writing in organic chemistry in China. Although there is rapidly growing literature on the features and strategies of scientific writing, further research in this area is needed to recognize and treat scientific writing as a social endeavor to evaluate it in a more comprehensive and detailed way in order to effectively convey scientific information to readers. This study shared these important premises and attempted to investigate the development of Chinese undergraduate students’ competence of scientific writing. Twenty-two undergraduate students majoring in chemistry participated in this study. They experienced a researcher-intervenedAdvanced Organic Chemistry Experimentcourse and were asked to write scientific articles on the six course experiments. Their scientific writings were analyzed based on normativity, objectivity, and logicality. These dimensions of the development of students’ competence in scientific writing during the course were portrayed. This study suggested that student's development in scientific writing can be divided into categories, demonstrating the importance and implications of teaching “learn to write” in science.
Reversible homolytic activation of water via metal–ligand cooperativity in a T-shaped Ni(ii) complex
Authors: Chang Mu-Chieh , Jesse Kate A. , Filatov Alexander S. , Anderson John S.
Published: November 2018

Ligand based storage of H-atoms enables the reversible homolysis of water by a T-shaped Ni complex.
Aromatic identity, electronic substitution, and sequence in amphiphilic tripeptide self-assembly
Authors: Sahoo Jugal Kishore , Nazareth Calvin , VandenBerg Michael A. , Webber Matthew J.
Published: November 2018

The design rules for self-assembly of short peptides are assessed using a combination of chemical and sequence variations.
One-step, room temperature generation of porous and amorphous cobalt hydroxysulfides from layered double hydroxides for superior oxygen evolution reactions
Authors: Zeng Yifan , Chen Lanjun , Chen Ru , Wang Yanyong , Xie Chao , Tao Li , Huang Liangliang , Wang Shuangyin
Published: November 2018

One-step, room-temperature etching and sulfuration of CoAl-LDH to form porous and amorphous CoSx(OH)y for superior oxygen evolution reaction.
Proton-conducting phosphate glass and its melt exhibiting high electrical conductivity at intermediate temperatures
Authors: Yamaguchi Takuya , Tsukuda Satoshi , Ishiyama Tomohiro , Nishii Junji , Yamashita Toshiharu , Kawazoe Hiroshi , Omata Takahisa
Published: November 2018

36HO1/2–4NbO5/2–2BaO–4LaO3/2–4GeO2–1BO3/2–49PO5/2glass exhibits proton conductivity of 1 × 10−3S cm−1at 280 °C and is stable under fuel cell operating conditions.
Plasma-mediated fabrication of ultrathin NiAl nanosheets having rich oxygen vacancies and doped nitrogen sites and their utilization for high activity and robust stability in photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Kim Keon-Han , Choi Jae Won , Lee Heebin , Moon Byeong Cheul , Park Dong Gyu , Choi Won Ho , Kang Jeung Ku
Published: November 2018

We report ultrathin nanosheets with rich O vacancies and doped N showing high activity and robust stability in water oxidation.
Mesoporous single-crystalline MnOx nanofibers@graphene for ultra-high rate and long-life lithium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Xu Chenglong , Liu Zheng , Wei Tong , Sheng Lizhi , Zhang Longhai , Chen Lan , Zhou Qihang , Jiang Zimu , Wang Lin , Fan Zhuangjun
Published: November 2018

We report a novel strategy for the spatial confinement of mesoporous single-crystalline MnOx nanofibers within a graphene shell (PSCMnOx@G). The PSCMnOx@G exhibits ultra-high rate performance (1072 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and 419 mA h g−1 at 10 A g−1) and excellent cycling stability.
Synthesis of amorphous boride nanosheets by the chemical reduction of Prussian blue analogs for efficient water electrolysis
Authors: He Ting , Nsanzimana Jean Marie Vianney , Qi Ruijuan , Zhang Jun-Ye , Miao Mao , Yan Ya , Qi Kai , Liu Hongfang , Xia Bao Yu
Published: November 2018

Amorphous cobalt–nickel boride nanosheets are synthesised by the chemical reduction of Prussian blue analogs, and demonstrate comparable and bifunctional electrocatalytic activity for cost-efficient overall water splitting.
Surface engineering of titanium implants with enzyme-triggered antibacterial properties and enhanced osseointegrationin vivo
Authors: Yuan Zhang , Huang Suzhou , Lan Shaoxiong , Xiong Haizhou , Tao Bailong , Ding Yao , Liu Yisi , Liu Peng , Cai Kaiyong
Published: November 2018

A catechol-functionalized coating on a Van-loaded Ti implant achieves enhanced osseointegration and effective inhibition of bacterial adhesion and enzyme-triggered antibacterial drug release.
Gold nanoparticles impair autophagy flux through shape-dependent endocytosis and lysosomal dysfunction
Authors: Zhou Hualu , Gong Xuanqing , Lin Hongyu , Chen Hongming , Huang Dengtong , Li Dan , Shan Hong , Gao Jinhao
Published: November 2018

Gold nanospheres stimulate more autophagosome accumulation than gold nanorods due to their higher efficiency of cellular uptake.
Bioinspired reversible hydrogel adhesives for wet and underwater surfaces
Authors: Yi Hoon , Lee Sung Ho , Seong Minho , Kwak Moon Kyu , Jeong Hoon Eui
Published: November 2018

A hydrogel-based wet adhesive with bioinspired microstructures can exhibit strong and reversible adhesion to wet and underwater surfaces.
Growth of CoFe2O4 hollow nanoparticles on graphene sheets for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbers
Authors: Yan Feng , Zhang Shen , Zhang Xiao , Li Chunyan , Zhu Chunling , Zhang Xitian , Chen Yujin
Published: November 2018

CoFe2O4 hollow nanoparticles, with a diameter and wall thickness of merely 9.0 and 3.0 nm, respectively, were anchored on a graphene surface, showing excellent electromagnetic wave absorption properties.
2H → 1T′ phase transformation in Janus monolayer MoSSe and MoSTe: an efficient hole injection contact for 2H-MoS2
Authors: Wang Zhiguo
Published: November 2018

A p-type contact for 2H-MoS2 monolayer-based nano-devices through phase engineering.
External current-controlled dynamic display by integrating upconversion micro-disks with power density-dependent color into NIR luminescent diodes
Authors: Meng Zhipeng , Wu Suli , Zhang Shufen
Published: November 2018

An externally controlled color-tunable light-emitting device was developed by integrating the power density sensitive upconversion materials into the NIR-LED.
Deposition rate related DPA OFET threshold voltage shift and hysteresis variation
Authors: Gao Xiong , Duan Shuming , Li Jinfeng , Khan Darya , Zou Ye , Zheng Lei , Liu Jie , Ren Xiaochen , Hu Wenping
Published: November 2018

The threshold voltage and transfer curve hysteresis of DPA OFETs can be tuned by varying the deposition rate.
Correction: A cross-linkable hole transport material having improved mobility through a semi-interpenetrating polymer network approach for solution-processed green PHOLEDs
Authors: Park So-Ra , Kang Ji-Ho , Ahn Dong A. , Suh Min Chul
Published: November 2018

Correction for ‘A cross-linkable hole transport material having improved mobility through a semi-interpenetrating polymer network approach for solution-processed green PHOLEDs’ by So-Ra Park et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2018, 6, 7750–7758.
Combination of transcriptome sequencing and iTRAQ proteome reveals the molecular mechanisms determining petal shape in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)
Authors: Wu Yanqing , Tang Yuhan , Jiang Yu , Zhao Daqiu , Shang Jiali , Tao Jun
Published: November 2018

The molecular mechanisms controlling petal shape in a herbaceous peony, Paeonia lactiflora Pall., a popular high-grade cut flower worldwide, remain unclear. Here, we selected inner and outer petals from P. lactiflora ‘ZiFengyu’ with an anemone type as the study object. Using transcriptome sequencing and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation proteome, 979 differentially expressed genes and 266 differentially expressed proteins were detected within the inner and outer petals. Of these, the present study identified a key gene APETALA2 that regulates flower shape development. In addition, we obtained a 1935 bp full-length cDNA sequence of APETALA2 by rapid amplification of cDNA ends amplification. Through further validation using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, APETALA2 showed a markedly higher expression in outer than that in inner petals. Therefore, the present study indicates that the increased expression of APETALA2 contributes to the formation of petals in P. lactiflora.
Dietary protein intake and risk of ovarian cancer: evidence from a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Pang Yanyang , Wang Wu
Published: November 2018

The association between dietary protein intake and ovarian cancer had been inconsistent in the previous epidemiological studies. The aim of the present study was to identify and synthesize all citations evaluating the relationship on ovarian cancer with protein intake. The search included PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to June 2018. Two authors independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated for relationship between the dietary protein intake and ovarian cancer risk using a random-effects model. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s test and Begg’s funnel plots. At the end, ten citations with 2354 patients were included in meta-analysis. Summarized RR with 95%CI on ovarian cancer was 0.915 (95%CI = 0.821–1.021), with no between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0%, P=0.708). The results were consistent both in animal protein intake and in vegetable intake on ovarian cancer. Subgroup analysis by study design did not find positive association either in cohort studies or in case–control studies. Egger’s test (P=0.230) and Funnel plot suggested no publication bias. Based on the obtained results, we conclude that high dietary protein intake had no significant association on ovarian cancer risk. Besides that, it is necessary to develop high quality, large-scale studies with detailed amount of dietary protein intake for verifying our results.
Verb Variability and Morphosyntactic Priming With Typically Developing 2- and 3-Year-Olds
Authors: Krok Windi C. , Leonard Laurence B.
Published: November 2018

Purpose

This study was specifically designed to examine how verb variability and verb overlap in a morphosyntactic priming task affect typically developing children's use and generalization of auxiliary
IS
.

Method

Forty typically developing 2- to 3-year-old native English-speaking children with inconsistent auxiliary
IS
production were primed with 24 present progressive auxiliary
IS
sentences. Half of the children heard auxiliary
IS
primes with 24 unique verbs (high variability). The other half heard auxiliary
IS
primes with only 6 verbs, repeated 4 times each (low variability). In addition, half of the children heard prime–target pairs with overlapping verbs (lexical boost), whereas the other half heard prime–target pairs with nonoverlapping verbs (no lexical boost). To assess use and generalization of the targeted structure to untrained verbs, all children described probe items at baseline and 5 min and 24 hr after the priming task.

Results

Children in the high variability group demonstrated strong priming effects during the task and increased auxiliary
IS
production compared with baseline performance 5 min and 24 hr after the priming task, suggesting learning and generalization of the primed structure. Children in the low variability group showed no significant increases in auxiliary
IS
production and fell significantly below the high variability group in the 24-hr posttest. Verb overlap did not boost priming effects during the priming task or in posttest probes.

Conclusions

Typically developing children do indeed make use of lexical variability in their linguistic input to help them extract and generalize abstract grammatical rules. They can do this quite quickly, with relatively stable, robust learning occurring after a single optimally variable input session. With reduced variability, learning does not occur.
Structural Relationship Between Cognitive Processing and Syntactic Sentence Comprehension in Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Montgomery James W. , Evans Julia L. , Fargo Jamison D. , Schwartz Sarah , Gillam Ronald B.
Published: November 2018

Purpose

We assessed the potential direct and indirect (mediated) influences of 4 cognitive mechanisms we believe are theoretically relevant to canonical and noncanonical sentence comprehension of school-age children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD).

Method

One hundred seventeen children with DLD and 117 propensity-matched typically developing (TD) children participated. Comprehension was indexed by children identifying the agent in implausible sentences. Children completed cognitive tasks indexing the latent predictors of fluid reasoning (FLD-R), controlled attention (CATT), complex working memory (cWM), and long-term memory language knowledge (LTM-LK).

Results

Structural equation modeling revealed that the best model fit was an indirect model in which cWM mediated the relationship among FLD-R, CATT, LTM-LK, and sentence comprehension. For TD children, comprehension of both sentence types was indirectly influenced by FLD-R (pattern recognition) and LTM-LK (linguistic chunking). For children with DLD, canonical sentence comprehension was indirectly influenced by LTM-LK and CATT, and noncanonical comprehension was indirectly influenced just by CATT.

Conclusions

cWM mediates sentence comprehension in children with DLD and TD children. For TD children, comprehension occurs automatically through pattern recognition and linguistic chunking. For children with DLD, comprehension is cognitively effortful. Whereas canonical comprehension occurs through chunking, noncanonical comprehension develops on a word-by-word basis.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7178939
Virtual quadrature‐coordinate EPLL for single‐phase grid information synchronisation
Authors: Wang Guizhong , Wu Fengjiang
Published: November 2018

The transient response of the single‐phase enhanced PLL (EPLL) under the step change of amplitude, phase angle, and frequency is derived. It is revealed that there are transient periodic ripples in the estimation results of the standard EPLL. Furthermore, a virtual quadrature‐coordinate EPLL combining a second‐order generalised integrator with a quadrature‐coordinate EPLL is proposed and the transient response is derived. The proposed EPLL possesses a better dynamic performance than the standard EPLL. The detailed experimental results are shown and compared with each other to validate the theoretical analysis and the advantages of the proposed EPLL.
Late fusion of deep learning and handcrafted visual features for biomedical image modality classification
Authors: Lee Sheng Long , Zare Mohammad Reza , Muller Henning
Published: November 2018

Much of medical knowledge is stored in the biomedical literature, collected in archives like PubMed Central that continue to grow rapidly. A significant part of this knowledge is contained in images with limited metadata available which makes it difficult to explore the visual knowledge in the biomedical literature. Thus, extraction of metadata from visual content is important. One important piece of metadata is the type of the image, which could be one of the various medical imaging modalities such as X‐ray, computed tomography or magnetic resonance images and also of general graphs that are frequent in the literature. This study explores a late, score‐based fusion of several deep convolutional neural networks with a traditional hand‐crafted bag of visual words classifier to classify images from the biomedical literature into image types or modalities. It achieved a classification accuracy of 85.51% on the ImageCLEF 2013 modality classification task, which is better than the best visual methods in the challenge that the data were produced for, and similar compared to mixed methods that make use of both visual and textual information. It achieved similarly good results of 84.23 and 87.04% classification accuracy before and after augmentation, respectively, on the related ImageCLEF 2016 subfigure classification task.
Dynamic pricing strategy for high occupancy toll lanes based on random forest and nested model
Authors: Zhang Kai , Zhou Zhuping , Qi Yong , Wang Yinhai
Published: November 2018

To utilise high occupancy vehicle lanes better, high occupancy toll (HOT) lanes are introduced to counter against congestion on the urban highways. In such system, low occupancy vehicles (LOVs) are allowed to pay a toll and access to HOT lanes from general purpose (GP) lanes, so that the toll rate plays a key role in dynamically allocating LOVs over the HOT and GP lanes to improve the overall system performance. First, this study presents an improved random forest (RF) method to build the lane choice behaviour prediction model. Then, by using the 5 min historical traffic and toll data collected from Interstate 405 in the USA, the improved RF combined with cross‐validation and grid search shows the highest accuracy of 88.7%, which is better than other four methods. Furthermore, a novel nested model with two levels is proposed to optimise the toll rates under different real‐time traffic conditions. For the nested model, the experimental results show that the proposed dynamic pricing strategy can decrease the total delay and improve the efficiency significantly. To realise the pricing strategy, some Intelligent Transportation System technologies for HOT lane systems are described in detail and designed as the fundamental of the pricing strategy.
A new family of non‐isolated PWM DC–DC converter with soft switching
Authors: Gerami Elham , Delshad Majid , Amini Mohammad Reza , Yazdani Mohammad Ruhollah
Published: November 2018

In this study, a new family of soft‐switching pulse‐width‐modulated (PWM) converters with a lossless passive snubber is introduced. The switch is turned on under zero‐current switching and turned off under zero‐voltage switching and all diodes turn on and off under soft switching conditions. The proposed snubber consists of two resonant inductors a resonant capacitor and three diodes which can be applied to all non‐isolated DC–DC converters. A buck converter with the proposed snubber is analysed and to verify theoretical analysis, a 100 W prototype is implemented and efficiency of converter compared with hard switching counterpart. Also to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed snubber to reduce conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI), the conducted EMI of a buck converter with proposed snubber cell is compared with conventional buck converter.
Decoupled PI current controller for grid‐tied inverters with improved transient performances
Authors: Errouissi Rachid , Al‐Durra Ahmed
Published: November 2018

This study proposes a novel decoupled proportional–integral (PI) current controller for grid‐tied inverters. The proposed controller can be viewed as the modification of the existing decoupled PI current controller to include the reference jump in order to achieve nominal performance recovery in response to step changes in the current reference. The modified decoupled PI current controller is derived based on combining feedback‐linearisation technique with a disturbance observer‐based control approach that belongs to the high‐gain observer technique. The key feature of the composite controller is its ability to retain the transient performance specified under the feedback‐linearising control, particularly when the control does not saturate. Furthermore, by considering the control saturation in the observer design, an anti‐windup scheme arises naturally into the controller, leading to an improved transient performance in the presence of saturation. The effectiveness of the proposed controller was verified by simulation and experimental results.
Frequency domain sequence design algorithm minimising weighted integrated sidelobe level
Authors: Bişkin Osman Tayfun , Akay Olcay
Published: November 2018

Unimodular sequences with low‐autocorrelation sidelobes are employed in various applications of radar and communication systems. Suppressing some predetermined autocorrelation sidelobes of a designed sequence can be accomplished by performing minimisation of the metric of weighted integrated sidelobe level (WISL). In this study, the authors propose a new algorithm to design unimodular sequences utilising the majorisation minimisation (MM) method for directly minimising WISL in the frequency domain. The proposed algorithm allows the design of long sequences in a computationally efficient manner. As the first step of the algorithm, a function majorising the frequency domain representation of the WISL metric is introduced. Then, a closed‐form solution for the minimisation of WISL is derived followed by its realisation as an iterative algorithm. They also provide an acceleration scheme to allow efficient implementation of the designed algorithm. Numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithm not only outperforms existing cyclic algorithms with respect to computation time and suppression of desired autocorrelation sidelobes but also converges in less number of iterations than its time domain MM‐based counterparts.
Gaia Data Release 2
Authors: Molnár László , Plachy Emese , Juhász Áron L. , Rimoldini Lorenzo
Published: November 2018

Context. The second data release of the Gaia mission (DR2) includes an advance catalogue of variable stars. The classifications of these stars are based on sparse photometry from the first 22 months of the mission.

Aims. We set out to investigate the purity and completeness of the all-sky Gaia classification results with the help of the continuous light curves of the observed targets from the Kepler and K2 missions, focusing specifically on RR Lyrae and Cepheid pulsators, outside the Galactic bulge region.

Methods. We cross-matched the Gaia identifications with the observations collected by the Kepler space telescope. We inspected the light curves visually, then calculated the relative Fourier coefficients and period ratios for the single- and double-mode K2 RR Lyrae stars to further classify them.

Results. We identified 1443 and 41 stars classified as RR Lyrae or Cepheid variables in Gaia DR2 in the targeted observations of the two missions and 263 more RR Lyre targets in the full-frame images (FFI) of the original mission. We provide the cross-match of these sources. We conclude that the RR Lyrae catalogue has a completeness between 70–78%, and provide a purity estimate of between 92 and 98% (targeted observations) with lower limits of 75% (FFI stars) and 51% (K2 worst-case scenario). The low number of Cepheids prevents us from drawing detailed conclusions, but the purity of the DR2 sample is estimated to be about 66%.
A Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission (VESTIGE)
Authors: Boselli A. , Fossati M. , Consolandi G. , Amram P. , Ge C. , Sun M. , Anderson J. P. , Boissier S. , Boquien M. , Buat V. , Burgarella D. , Cortese L. , Côté P. , Cuillandre J. C. , Durrell P. , Epinat B. , Ferrarese L. , Fumagalli M. , Galbany L. , Gavazzi G. , Gómez-López J. A. , Gwyn S. , Hensler G. , Kuncarayakti H. , Marcelin M. , Mendes de Oliveira C. , Quint B. C. , Roediger J. , Roehlly Y. , Sanchez S. F. , Sanchez-Janssen R. , Toloba E. , Trinchieri G. , Vollmer B.
Published: November 2018

We observed the late-type peculiar galaxy NGC 4424 during the Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Galaxy Evolution (VESTIGE), a blind narrow-band Hα+[NII] imaging survey of the Virgo cluster carried out with MegaCam at the Canada-French-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). The presence of a ∼110 kpc (in projected distance) HI tail in the southern direction indicates that this galaxy is undergoing a ram pressure stripping event. The deep narrow-band image revealed a low surface brightness (Σ(Hα) ≃ 4 × 10−18 erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2) ionised gas tail ∼10 kpc in length extending from the centre of the galaxy to the north-west, thus in the direction opposite to the HI tail. Chandra and XMM X-rays data do not show a compact source in the nucleus or an extended tail of hot gas, while IFU spectroscopy (MUSE) indicates that the gas is photo-ionised in the inner regions and shock-ionised in the outer parts. Medium-resolution (MUSE) and high-resolution (Fabry-Perot) IFU spectroscopy confirms that the ionised gas is kinematically decoupled from the stellar component and indicates the presence of two kinematically distinct structures in the stellar disc. The analysis of the SED of the galaxy indicates that the activity of star formation was totally quenched in the outer disc ∼250–280 Myr ago, while only reduced by ∼80% in the central regions. All this observational evidence suggests that NGC 4424 is the remnant of an unequal-mass merger that occurred ≲500 Myr ago when the galaxy was already a member of the Virgo cluster, and is now undergoing a ram pressure stripping event that has removed the gas and quenched the activity of star formation in the outer disc. The tail of ionised gas probably results from the outflow produced by a central starburst fed by the collapse of gas induced by the merging episode. This outflow is sufficiently powerful to overcome the ram pressure induced by the intracluster medium on the disc of the galaxy crossing the cluster. This analysis thus suggests that feedback can participate in the quenching process of galaxies in high-density regions.
Role of host star variability in the detectability of planetary phase curves
Authors: Hidalgo D. , Alonso R. , Pallé E.
Published: November 2018

Phase curves, or the change in observed illumination of the planet as it orbits around its host star, help us to characterize their atmospheres. However, the variability of the host star can make their detection challenging. The presence of starspots, faculae, flares, and rotational effects introduce brightness variations that can hide other flux variations related to the presence of an exoplanet: ellipsoidal variation, Doppler boosting, and a combination of reflected light and thermal emission from the planet. Here we present a study to quantify the effect of stellar variability on the detectability of phase curves in the optical. In the first stage we simulated ideal data, with different white noise levels, and with cadences and total duration matching a quarter of the Kepler mission. We performed injection and recovery tests to evaluate the minimum number of planetary orbits that need to be observed in order to determine the amplitude of the phase curve with an accuracy of 15%. We also evaluate the effect of a simplistic stellar variability signal with low amplitude in order to provide strong constraints on the minimum number of orbits needed under these ideal conditions. In the second stage we applied these methods to data from Q9 of the Kepler mission, known for its low instrumental noise. The injection and recovery tests are performed on a selected sample of the less noisy stars in different effective temperature ranges. Even for the shortest explored planet period of 1 day, we find that observing a single orbit of the planet fails to detect accurately more than 90% of the inserted amplitude. The best recovery rates, close to 48%, are obtained after 10 orbits of a 1 day period planet with the largest explored amplitude of 150 ppm. The temperature range of the host stars providing better recovery ratios is 5500 K < Teff < 6000 K. Our results provide guidelines to selecting the best targets in which phase curves can be measured to the greatest accuracy, given the variability and effective temperature of its host star, which is of interest for the upcoming TESS, CHEOPS, and PLATO space missions.
Spiral-shaped wavefronts in a sunspot umbra
Authors: Felipe T. , Kuckein C. , Khomenko E. , Thaler I.
Published: November 2018

Context. Solar active regions show a wide variety of oscillatory phenomena. The presence of the magnetic field leads to the appearance of several wave modes whose behavior is determined by the sunspot thermal and magnetic structure.

Aims. We aim to study the relation between the umbral and penumbral waves observed at the high photosphere and the magnetic field topology of the sunspot.

Methods. Observations of the sunspot in active region NOAA 12662 obtained with the GREGOR telescope (Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain) were acquired on 2017 June 17. The data set includes a temporal series in the Fe I 5435 Å line obtained with the imaging spectrograph GREGOR Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (GFPI) and a spectropolarimetric raster map acquired with the GREGOR Infrared Spectrograph (GRIS) in the 10 830 Å spectral region. The Doppler velocity deduced from the restored Fe I 5435 Å line has been determined, and the magnetic field vector of the sunspot has been inferred from spectropolarimetric inversions of the Ca I 10 839 Å and the Si I 10 827 Å lines.

Results. A two-armed spiral wavefront has been identified in the evolution of the two-dimensional velocity maps from the Fe I 5435 Å line. The wavefronts initially move counterclockwise in the interior of the umbra, and develop into radially outward propagating running penumbral waves when they reach the umbra-penumbra boundary. The horizontal propagation of the wavefronts approximately follows the direction of the magnetic field, which shows changes in the magnetic twist with height and horizontal position.

Conclusions. The spiral wavefronts are interpreted as the visual pattern of slow magnetoacoustic waves which propagate upward along magnetic field lines. Their apparent horizontal propagation is due to their sequential arrival to different horizontal positions at the formation height of the Fe I 5435 Å line, as given by the inclination and orientation of the magnetic field.
Effect of the harvest season on phenolic composition and oenological parameters of grapes and wines cv. ‘Touriga Nacional’ (Vitis viniferaL.) produced under tropical semi-arid climate, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: Barreto de Oliveira Juliane , Lemos Faria Diana , Fernandes Duarte Daniel , Egipto Ricardo , Laureano Olga , de Castro Rogério , Pereira Giuliano Elias , Ricardo-da-Silva Jorge Manuel
Published: November 2018

The northeastern region of São Francisco Valley is the third largest wine producer in Brazil, differentiated by the production of at least two harvests per year, generally in the first and second semesters, respectively. The productive cycle of the vine in the first semester is higher than in the second semester, mainly due to differences in temperature, with maximum and average temperatures of approximately 30 ºC and 26 ºC, respectively. Second semester is characterized by higher temperatures (summer season) and that promote a rapid maturation of the grapes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenolic composition, other oenological parameters and the sensorial profile of grapes and wines of cv. 'Touriga Nacional' (Vitis viniferaL.), characterizing grapes and wines from four harvest seasons, two of them referring to the first half of the year and two referring to the second half of the year, using a broad analytical approach. The experimental design consisted of three randomized blocks, with sixty plants marked in different lines and positions (twenty plants in each block at the beginning, middle and end of the vineyard). The results showed that there was a harvesting effect for some of the grape chemical compounds (monomeric anthocyanins, organic acids, condensed tannins and monomeric flavanols, for example) as well as in wines (calcium, monomeric anthocyanins, condensed tannins and monomeric flavanols). Regarding the sensorial profile of the wines, it was possible to observe that higher scores were attributed to floral aroma in wines from the first harvest (first half of the year). Fruity, spice and empyreumatic aromas were higher in wines from second harvest season (second half of the year). For other attributes, there was a tendency for higher variations between the period of study (2014 – 2017) than between the harvest seasons.
Modélisation numérique du phénomène defretting-fatigue intervenant dans le vieillissement des conducteurs de lignes aériennes
Authors: Redford John , Lieurade Henri-Paul , Gueguin Maxime , Hafid Fikri , Yang Christine , Ghidaglia Jean-Michel
Published: November 2018

Les travaux présentés dans cet article s’inscrivent dans un projet de R&D mis en place par RTE (Réseau de Transport d’Electricité) et visant à évaluer le vieillissement des conducteurs électriques de lignes aériennes par des outils de simulation numérique. Après avoir rappelé la géométrie de tels conducteurs et l’utilisation qui en est faite, le principal risque d’endommagement de ces derniers est présenté. Il s’agit du phénomène defretting-fatigue intervenant à proximité des systèmes de fixation des conducteurs au niveau des pylônes, pouvant produire la rupture de brins les constituant. Ainsi, une méthodologie originale est proposée de façon à évaluer, par l’intermédiaire d’un modèle éléments finis, la durée de vie des conducteurs vis-à-vis de ce risque. Cette méthodologie est ensuite appliquée sur un cas-test dont les données proviennent de la littérature. Enfin, des perspectives sont données concernant le modèle numérique employé et l’intégration de la démarche dans le projet de R&D concerné.
Experimental and numerical investigation of the overload effect on fatigue behaviour of spot-welded steel sheets
Authors: Pennec Fabienne , Tikri Bianzeubé , Bergamo Sébastien , Duchet Michel , Weber Bastien , Robert Jean-Louis
Published: November 2018

Spot-weld joints are commonly used to fasten together metal sheets in automotive industry. The car frame used in Renault vehicles is a representative example of the usefulness of this method. Most of the spot-welds experience fatigue damaging occurrence due to rough roads or driving conditions which apply periodical overloads to the vehicle. Understanding their fatigue behaviour is crucial from the viewpoint of failure prevention in design. In this study, a series of experiments was conducted to study the fatigue failure of spot-welded tensile-shear specimens made of a deep-drawing steel (XES) and High strength low alloy steels (HE360D and XE360D). Two different types of fatigue tests were performed, the first one with a constant-amplitude sinusoidal loading (loading ratio equal to 0.1) and the second one with one incidental overload cycle introduced per 100 cycles. The experimental results show a favourable effect of overloads for HSLA steel specimens, whereas the effect is the opposite for XES steel specimens. A finite element analysis was carried out using the open-source Salome-Meca platform to determine the stress states within the specimens around the weld spot and explains both failure modes observed on the specimens at high and low loads.
Sichtung bei Massenanfall von Verletzten/Erkrankten – wie und wer?
Authors: Sefrin Peter
Published: November 2018

Seit 2002 wird für das Verfahren der Sichtung bei einem Massenanfall von Verletzten und Erkrankten versucht, einen Konsens zu finden. Dabei haben zwischenzeitlich 7 Konferenzen und mehrere Workshops stattgefunden. Nachdem keiner der bis dato existierenden Algorithmen geeignet erschien, wurde der Versuch unternommen, einen neuen Algorithmus zu kreieren, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf die Eignung auch zur nichtärztlichen Vorsichtung gelegt wurde. Konsens konnte zwischenzeitlich neben der Definition der Sichtungskategorien bei der frühzeitigen Identifizierung der roten Patienten und deren umgehenden Abtransport zur klinischen Versorgung gefunden werden. In einer wissenschaftlichen Analyse wurden 7 Konzepte auf Praktikabilität geprüft, wobei keine allgemein gültige Empfehlung resultierte und weitere Untersuchungen notwendig erschienen.
Ultrasonic Adaptive Sound Speed Estimation for the Diagnosis and Quantification of Hepatic Steatosis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Dioguardi Burgio Marco , Imbault Marion , Ronot Maxime , Faccinetto Alex , Van Beers Bernard E. , Rautou Pierre-Emmanuel , Castera Laurent , Gennisson Jean-Luc , Tanter Mickael , Vilgrain Valérie
Published: November 2018

Purpose To evaluate the ability of a new ultrasound (US) method based on sound speed estimation (SSE) with respect to the detection, quantification, and grading of hepatic steatosis using magnetic resonance (MR) proton density fat fraction (PDFF) as the reference standard and to calculate one US fat index based on the patient’s SSE.

Materials and Methods This study received local IRB approval. Written informed consent was obtained from patients. We consecutively included N = 50 patients as the training cohort and a further N = 50 as the validation cohort who underwent both SSE and abdominal MR. Hepatic steatosis was classified according to MR-PDFF cutoffs as: S0 ≤ 6.5 %, S1 6.5 to 16.5 %, S2 16.5 to 22 %, S3 ≥ 22 %. Receiver operating curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of SSE in the diagnosis of steatosis (S1–S3). Based on the optimal data fit derived from our study, we proposed a correspondence between the MR-PDFF and a US fat index. Coefficient of determination R2 was used to evaluate fit quality and was considered robust when R2 > 0.6.

Results The training and validation cohorts presented mean SSE values of 1.570 ± 0.026 and 1.568 ± 0.023 mm/µs for S0 and 1.521 ± 0.031 and 1.514 ± 0.019 mm/µs for S1–S3 (p < 0.01) patients, respectively. An SSE threshold of ≤ 1.537 mm/µs had a sensitivity of 80 % and a specificity of 85.7 % in the diagnosis of steatosis (S1-S3) in the training cohort. Robust correspondence between MR-PDFF and the US fat index was found both for the training (R2 = 0.73) and the validation cohort (R2 = 0.76).

Conclusion SSE can be used to detect, quantify and grade liver steatosis and to calculate a US fat index.
Prähospitale Analgesie beim verletzten Kind
Authors: Jost Christian , Schwarz Julian , Helm Matthias , Schroth Michael , Hossfeld Björn
Published: November 2018

Mit einem kindlichen Trauma wird der Notarzt eher selten konfrontiert, und so fehlt häufig die Routine in diesen Notfallszenarien, verbunden mit Unsicherheit im Umgang mit Kindern. Nicht selten unterbleibt dann eine suffiziente Analgesie, Anxiolyse oder Sedierung. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein adäquates Konzept zur sicheren und suffizienten Analgesie und Sedierung von Kindern vor.
Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses
Authors: Scheidt Sebastian , Vavken Patrick , Jacobs Cornelius , Koob Sebastian , Cucchi Davide , Kaup Eva , Wirtz Dieter Christian , Wimmer Matthias D.
Published: November 2018

The rising number of medical publications makes it difficult to keep up-to-date on scientific knowledge. In recent years, reviews in the form of narrative or systematic publications and meta-analyses have increased. These can only be interpreted and evaluated if the reader understands the techniques used. This review article describes the differences between narrative and systematic reviews, together with the characteristics of meta-analysis, and discusses their interpretation. The concept of systematic reviews and meta-analysis includes a systematic literature search and summary, together with an appraisal of the quality of the publications. Systematic reviews are often considered to be original studies due to their structure and ability to reduce bias.
Role of Musculoskeletal Radiology in Modern Sports Medicine
Authors: Walsh John , Farrell T.P. , Murray Aoife , Eustace Stephen , Hynes John
Published: November 2018

Musculoskeletal radiology's role in the recent and continued evolution of sports medicine is an exciting and expanding one. In this article we explore a variety of the ways that musculoskeletal radiology contributes to current practices in modern sports medicine, discussing advances across a variety of imaging modalities in the care of both elite athletes and so-called weekend warriors. We describe the technical and ethical factors pertaining to image-guided therapeutic intervention in athletes and speculate on the potential for future developments in the role of imaging in deciding when an athlete may return to participation. We also explore the recent shift to the delivery of imaging facilities at sporting events and in stadiums.
Providing Value-Based Service to a Sprawling Orthopaedics Practice
Authors: Rozenberg Aleksandr , Vaccaro Alexander , Tomlinson Christopher , Zoga Adam
Published: November 2018

Health care in the United States is changing, and diagnostic radiology is attempting to adapt to the new norm. A view of the landscape shows mergers, acquisitions, and radiology practices becoming larger. Musculoskeletal (MSK) radiology is trending toward subspecialization, and orthopaedic surgery practices are demanding quality, convenience, and efficiency in imaging services. In other industries, optimization of operations and strategic deployment of resources are standard, but radiology is not quite there yet. This article details our opportunities in MSK imaging to increase market share through service, added value, and improved operational efficiency.