bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nate Parker's The Birth of a Nation
Authors: Schroeter Caroline V. 
Published: August 2021

The depiction of racial minorities such as African Americans has changed over the last decades and the film industry is experiencing a period of transition towards new images of black identity. In this context, my article explores the complexities of Nate Parker’s cinematic slave narrative The Birth of a Nation (2016). Parker’s choices are constantly guided by reimagining, revising, and reclaiming the (hi)story and the representation of African Americans. I argue that, although Parker attempts to set his film up as an oppositional force to D. W. Griffith’s The Birth of a Nation (1915), his employment of a style that is heavily reliant on the conventions of classical narrative storytelling makes such aspirations problematic. This article demonstrates Parker’s use of classical features and considers whether he subverts the dominant mode by creating an independent black film, or whether his message is weakened by his reliance on (white) industry standards.
Encounters with cultural difference
Authors: Berghahn Daniela
Published: August 2021

This essay aims to critically reassess and, ultimately, rehabilitate exoticism, understood as a particular mode of cultural representation and a highly contested discourse on cultural difference, by bringing it into dialogue with cosmopolitanism. It offers a theoretical exploration of exoticism and cosmopolitanism alongside associated critical frameworks, such as the contact zone, autoethnography, authenticity and cultural translation, and brings them to bear on two awardwinning films that aptly illustrate a new type of exoticism in contemporary world cinema. Using Tanna (Martin Butler and Bentley Dean, 2015) and Embrace of the Serpent (Ciro Guerra, 2015), both made in collaboration with Indigenous communities, as case studies, this essay proposes that exoticism is inflected by cosmopolitan, rather than colonial and imperialist, sensibilities. It therefore differs profoundly from its precursors, which are premised on white supremacist assumptions about the Other which legitimised colonial expansion and the subjugation of the subaltern. By contrast, the new type of exoticism challenges and decentres Western values and systems of knowledge and aligns itself with the ethico-political agendas of cosmopolitanism, notably the promotion of crosscultural dialogue, an ecological awareness and the empowerment of hitherto marginalised communities.
‘Now I fight for belonging’
Authors: Khorana Sukhmani
Published: August 2021

This article addresses cosmopolitan cinema through the figure of a former refugee in an Australian-made documentary, Constance on the Edge (Belinda Mason, 2016). Beginning with an overview of cosmopolitanism as a project and a political ideal, as well as its relevance now, I then trace its manifestation in the discourses of refugee advocacy that have been evident in Australia over the last couple of decades. This helps set the stage for a close reading of the film, in which a Sudanese asylum seeker who has been resettled in a regional town with her family is struggling to find a sense of belonging in her new home. I argue that such an instance of cosmopolitan cinema facilitates the audience’s capacity to see both similarities and differences in the refugee other, thereby enabling a politics of solidarity that is simultaneously in dialogue with global and national discourses.
Cosmopolitan spaces of international film festivals
Authors: Ostrowska Dorota
Published: August 2021

Since its inception, the Cannes Film Festival was envisioned as a continuation, expansion and enhancement of the Riviera’s long-established cosmopolitan, carnivalesque and exclusive space. The Riviera’s cosmopolitanism was shaped by travel and the mobility of its international visitors, making it into a non-place; some of them, in addition, transformed the Riviera through their horticultural activity, thus literally rooting themselves in the Riviera. The particular version of the Riviera’s cosmopolitanism was mirrored in the internal architecture of the festival, in terms of its audiences and programming, which was international, elitist and characterised by the interplay of place and non-place. In this article, I argue that the origins of the festival as a cosmopolitan event are found in the nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century cultural history of the French Riviera—as it was rendered on the pages of the diarists who travelled to the region, and realised in the activities of the visual artists living and working there. I contend that the Cannes Film Festival replicates the dynamics and tensions inherent to the space in which it is settled—that of the French Riviera—and thus, it is not only rooted in the Riviera’s culture, but it is also a fascinating extension of the myth of the Riviera.
The films of Ciro Guerra and the making of cosmopolitan spaces in Colombian cinema
Authors: Luna Maria , Meers Philippe
Published: August 2021

This article proposes to use the concept of “cosmopolitan cinematic margins” to analyse the paradoxical meeting of the cosmopolitan meaning and discourses of Ciro Guerra’s Colombian films and the spatial restrictions and immobility of the rural and remote places in which they are set. Such areas as seen on screen are usually interpreted by urban audiences as exotic locations, independently of their actual distance from cities. The article explores how films that, at first sight, show images of marginal and remote places like the Colombian Amazonian Jungle, when inserted into a global context—such as the hierarchical system of international film festivals—become symbols of cosmopolitan cinematic margins, and represent a country in the global spaces that legitimise the importance of that country’s film production. The cosmopolitan cinematic margins in the films of Guerra are then strategically situated in environments of global mobility and international prestige.
I-docs as intervention
Authors: Aston Judith , Odorico Stefano
Published: August 2021

The idea for this special issue of Alphaville originated at the i-Docs 2018 Symposium, held in March 2018 in Bristol, UK, where we jointly convened a discussion on the potential engagement of the interactive documentary (i-doc) form with Mikhail Bakthin’s expanded concept of polyphony. As part of this, we presented a series of provocations with a view to generating a new theoretical framework for i-docs.1 These provocations were inspired by all aspects of Bakthin’s polyphony, from both a theoretical and a practical point of view.
Beyond “toolness”
Authors: Wiehl Anna
Published: August 2021

The hypothesis underlying this article is that new documentary practices potentially enable new forms of mediation allowing all interactors to experience complexity and deal with contingency in a world of polyvocality through multilayered configurations. An exploration of the Korsakow documentary Racing Home (Marianne McMahon and Phil Hoffman, 2014) brings into focus the epistemological and ontological status of these assemblages. A central issue is the question of how significantly specific modes of editing in Korsakow affect the overall experience for both the authoring instances and for the user-interactor: not only the authorship is shared between the interrelated agents, but also the heterogeneity of materials from various sources adds to the complexity of the assemblages. Central research questions include the role that polyvocality and algorithmic editing play in Korsakow, its specific embracement of contingency and its probing of nonlinear narratives. The answers provided through the analysis of the case study lead to the conclusion that Korsakow is more than just a tool to promote a special purpose and/or a platform to distribute material. Rather, Korsakow is best seen as a methodology to approach complex matters and provide multiple affective and cognitive ways to respond to them.
Rediscovering “wonder” through i-docs
Authors: Favero Paolo
Published: August 2021

From the invention of geometrical perspective onwards images have, in a Western context, been characterised by a specific politics and epistemological ambition. Solidified by the invention of the camera, “our” images have separated the observer from the observed, the mind from the body, allowing for what has been considered a “neutral” observation. “New images” (i.e. images produced with emerging digital visual technologies) are today posing a challenge to such conventions. Relational, material, haptic and immersive by nature,such images go hand in hand with new image-making practices characterised by nonlinearity, interactivity, participativity and immersivity. The present article explores this emerging terrain in the context of the documentary form. Moving back and forth in space and time, hence comparing image-making practices that belong to different cultures and epochs, the article engages with the key political and epistemological challenges of the documentary image in the contemporary digital habitats.
Enacting polyphony
Authors: Thalhofer Florian , Aston Judith , Odorico Stefano
Published: August 2021

Florian Thalhofer is a documentary filmmaker and the inventor of Korsakow, a software to create a new form of film and a principle to create a new kind of story. Florian’s system allows video makers to create nonlinear and interactive films and to tell stories through a number of links generated by keywords. Thalhofer’s Korsakow films include Planet Galata and The Other Fun Stuff. Starting from a SNU (Smallest Narrative Units, as he calls them) his film are polyphonic representations of our world. Florian gave a keynote at the first i-Docs Symposium in 2011, and has been an active and deeply committed member of the i-Docs community ever since.
The Shore Line as polyphony in practice
Authors: Miller Elizabeth
Published: August 2021

The Shore Line (2017) is a collaborative interactive documentary that features over forty individuals from nine countries who are confronting the threats of unsustainable development and extreme weather along our global coasts. In addition to video profiles the site features dynamic maps, visualisations, and soundscapes. In this case study, producer and director Elizabeth Miller discusses how the polyphonic attributes of i-docs are ideal for classrooms and how she designed the site with educators in mind. She defines polyphony as the creative engagement of voices, authors and forms towards a common objective and shares the strategies and challenges of engaging her target audience—teachers invested in sustainability.
Queer media temporalities
Authors: Pramaggiore Maria , Kerrigan Páraic
Published: August 2021

This special issue of Alphaville: Journal of Film and Screen Media on “Queer Media Temporalities” draws upon this theoretical tradition and its rich set of concepts to explore queer temporalities that emerge within or may be generated by our engagement with time-based screen media. In its focus on specific media forms, it joins work by Kate Thomas and Jodi Taylor, who explore the intersections between queer time and the formal parameters that govern the time-based genres of poetry and music. Our questions here relate to both resistances and transformations enabled by the encounter of queer with (old and new) media temporalities. We are interested in the way games, television, video and experimental film enable or demand a queer renegotiation of time. Our contributors examine the role that archival temporalities play in the representation of queer lives in history and the imaginative landscapes of games. They consider whether reproductive futurism can help us to think about the queer life cycle of a television series and its characters. How does queer childhood, or “growing up sideways” (Stockton) resonate with film form for filmmakers invested in a nonreproductive queer genealogy? What is the relationship between media obsolescence and the “queer art of failure” (Halberstam, Art)?
Games of archiving queerly
Authors: Drouin Renee Ann
Published: August 2021

The medium of video games often fails to depict queerness with positive representations. To combat the harmful stereotypes or optional queerness in the medium, I advocate for an application of queer archival methodologies to define and locate queerness in gaming. Queer archiving, with a focus on emotions, trauma, establishment of identity, and multimodality, pairs well with the digital nature of video games. Gone Home (2013) and Life Is Strange (2015), two video games with narratives reliant on the developing romantic relationships between teenage girls, grant us examples in which the inclusion of queerness is reliant on such archiving. Within each game, players gather artefacts to compile archives. In turn, these archives create irrefutable spaces in which queer content is included.
Personal time in alternative and time travel narrative
Authors: Pezzotta Elisa 
Published: August 2021

In alternative and time travel narratives, our everyday conception of time is often challenged. Similarly, in counterfactual history, various parallel realities exist. In time travel narrative, it is possible to travel in the past or in the future. In all of these cases, there are clues that help viewers to comprehend new ideas of time and, in some cases, the construction of the story time is not sufficient to comprehend the story. In order to solve some of the main logical paradoxes, personal time needs to be considered and discussed. In alternative narrative, the clues are often to be found in the plot and story time, as well as in the mise-en-scène. In some examples of counterfactual history, for example Groundhog Day, and in some time travel narratives, the spectator has to reconstruct the time traveller’s personal time through story and plot time and mise-en-scène, as in Twelve Monkeys, or they have to deduce story time from personal time and mise-en-scène, as is the case in 2001: A Space Odyssey. The relationships between plot, story and personal time can be visualized through graphics which can also help us to draw conclusions about A-series and B-series.
Performing gender in the studio and postmodern musical
Authors: Charlton Michael
Published: August 2021

This essay explores two distinct historical periods in the Hollywood musical through a Butlerian reading of gender as a performance. The two example films from the studio era, Howard Hawks’ Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953) and the restored version of George Cukor’s A Star is Born (1954), are contextualised not only within the studio system but through the constructed star personae of their leads—Marilyn Monroe and Judy Garland. Baz Luhrmann’s Moulin Rouge! (2001) and Rob Marshall’s Chicago (2002), the two example films from the twenty first century, are contextualised within a Jamesonian post-modern aesthetic and as examples of the non-studio, non-star filmic text as act of nostalgia. In contrasting these historical periods, the essay posits that the studio musical was, in fact, always already “post-modern” in its fragmentation of narrative in favour of the star performance, which constructs the gendered persona of the star. In addition, it is suggested that the sub-textual subversion of traditional female roles within the studio star performance is in many ways more effectively critical of gender conventions than the intentionally parodic aesthetics of Luhrmann and Marshall.
When is the now in the here and there? Trans-diegetic music in Hal Ashby’s Coming Home
Authors: Hunter Aaron
Published: August 2021

While it would be a stretch to classify Hal Ashby as a postmodernist filmmaker (with that term’s many attendant ambiguities), his films of the 1970s regularly evince post-Classical stylistic and narrative strategies, including non-linear time structures, inter-textual self-references, open endings, and nuanced subversions of the fourth wall. Ashby’s most consistently playful approach to form comes by way of his integration and development of trans-diegetic musical sequences within his body of work. Music in Ashby films creates a lively sense of unpredictability, and each of his seven films of the 1970s employs this strategy at least once. Moreover, trans-diegetic music in Ashby’s films becomes a device that allows the director to elide moments in time. It functions as an editing tool, creating a bridge between often disparate events. However, it is also a narrative device that both compresses and stretches time, allowing for an on-screen confluence of events that at first appear to take place simultaneously or sequentially, but which actually occur over different moments or lengths of time. Yet while Ashby is not alone as a Hollywood director interested in exploring the formal possibilities that trans-diegesis might bring to his movies, film studies has begun only relatively recently to explore and analyse this technique. After briefly discussing the current critical discussion of trans-diegetic music and explicating patterns of its use in Ashby’s career, this paper explores an extended display of the strategy in the film Coming Home (1978). By interrogating its use as both narrative device and formal convention in this instance, the paper attempts both to understand trans-diegesis as a key component of Ashby’s filmmaking style and also to forge ahead in expanding the discussion of trans-diegesis within film studies.
Cultural innovation and narrative synergy in R. Kelly’s Trapped in the Closet
Authors: Literat Ioana
Published: August 2021

This article analyses the narrative conventions of R. Kelly’s serial “hip-hopera” Trapped in the Closet, exploring the manner in which the artist’s chosen narrative strategies have shaped the generic reading of the series. Specifically, I discuss how Trapped in the Closet re-appropriates the conventions of the soap opera and the music video, to create a wholly original product that both evokes these schematas and simultaneously challenges their traditional narrative norms. Looking at R. Kelly’s chosen promotional strategy, I argue that the convergence of genres and narrative influences, as evident in the series’ content and style, parallels the convergence of media channels—radio, television, internet—that characterised its release and distribution, highlighting the increasing importance of a transmedial approach in the conceptualisation and dissemination of cultural texts.
Emotion capture
Authors: Holliday Christopher 
Published: August 2021

The customary practice across both feature-length cel-animated cartoons and television animation has been to cast adults in the vocal roles of children. While these concerns raise broader questions about the performance of children and childhood in animation, in this article I seek to examine the tendency within computer-animated films to cast children-as-children. These films, I argue, offer the pleasures of “captured” performance, and foreground what Roland Barthes terms the “grain” of the child’s voice. By examining the meaningless “babbling” and spontaneous vocalisations of the aptly-named child Boo from Pixar’s Monsters, Inc. (2001), this article offers new ways of conceptualising the relationship between animation and voiceover, suggesting that computer-animated films celebrate childhood by emphasising the verbal mannerisms and vicissitudes of the unprompted child actor. The calculated fit between the digital children onscreen and the rhythms of their unrefined speech expresses an active engagement with the pleasures of simply being young, rather than privileging growing up. Monsters, Inc. deliberately accentuates how the character’s screen voice is authentically made by a child-as-a-child, preserving the unique vocal capabilities of four-year-old Mary Gibbs as Boo, whilst framing her performance in a narrative which dramatises the powers held within the voice of children.
Egyptian film censorship
Authors: Mansour Dina
Published: August 2021

Films are a representation and manifestation of culture; yet, since the early days of filmmaking public debates have questioned whether “the motion picture industry was morally fit to control the content of its own products” (Robichaux). Today, the Arab world is plagued by the same dilemma. In a region where government censorship is the norm, heavy restrictions are imposed on locally produced films as a means of “safeguarding” public norms, religion and culture. Also problematic in today’s globalised world is the influx of foreign films into local markets, which not only defy public norms, but also represent cultural values and traditions that are quite alien to societies that have been inherently religious and conservative. Against this background, this article aims to analyse the role of censorship in Egypt with regard to the relationship between cinema and culture—a relationship often overlooked and perhaps intentionally ignored. In doing so, it will examine how censorship has traditionally been used as a tool to control the representation of existing social and cultural realities and to define cultural and religious norms, thus also affecting the normative context.
"I get sort of carried away, being so normal and everything"
Authors: Richards Emerson
Published: August 2021

This paper compares and analyses the differences between Lolita by Vladimir Nabokov (1955) and filmic versions by Stanley Kubrick (1962) and Adrian Lyne (1994), focusing on the respective characterisations of Clare Quilty, as mediated through his encounter with Humbert Humbert at a pivotal scene at the Enchanted Hunter’s Lodge. Following an in-depth analysis of the scene in question, the article then examines Kubrick’s Lolita, exploring the homosocial undertones of Peter Sellers’s Quilty, and the attendant commentary on heteronormative culture of late 1950s/early 1960s America. Finally, Lyne’s interpretation of this encounter will be analysed to discern how a menacing Quilty alters the narrative and deviates from the previous representations, updating the social commentary to incorporate a distinctly 1990s milieu in the process. Treating the two films as iterations and/or mutations of the original literature, the article proposes a comparatist-driven analysis to discern each artist’s intentions toward the narrative as exemplified by this crucial meeting of minds.
Towards an embodied poetics of cinema
Authors: Coëgnarts Maarten , Kravanja Peter
Published: August 2021

Central to Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) is the notion of embodied mind, which states that cognition is shaped by aspects of the body. Human beings make metaphoric use of recurring dynamic patterns of perceptual interactions and motor programmes (image schemas) for abstract conceptualisation and reasoning. According to film scholar David Bordwell the poetics of cinema studies the film as a result of a process of construction. He presents the following key question: how do film-makers use the aesthetic dynamics of the film medium to elicit particular effects from spectators? In this article we want to address an abbreviated case of meaning construction in film, namely the construction of abstract meaning in film. By combining insights from Bordwell as well as CMT, we will demonstrate how the poetics of abstract meaning-making in film is embodied. What does it mean to say that the construction of higher meaning in film is rooted in bodily experience and how can this be grasped without resorting to the confinement of words and sentences? By analysing the stylistics and the visual patterning of particular film scenes we will demonstrate how film-makers often resort to image schemas to come to terms with abstract notions such as time, love and psychological content.
Between frames
Authors: Lee Laura
Published: August 2021

This article explores how the appearance of composite media arrangements and the prominence of the cinematic mechanism in Japanese film are connected to a nostalgic preoccupation with the materiality of the filmic image, and to a new critical function for film-based cinema in the digital age. Many popular Japanese films from the early 2000s layer perceptually distinct media forms within the image. Manipulation of the interval between film frames—for example with stop-motion, slow-motion and time-lapse techniques—often overlays the insisted-upon interval between separate media forms at these sites of media layering. Exploiting cinema’s temporal interval in this way not only foregrounds the filmic mechanism, but it in effect stages the cinematic apparatus, displaying it at a medial remove as a spectacular site of difference. In other words, cinema itself becomes refracted through these hybrid media combinations, which paradoxically facilitate a renewed encounter with cinema by reawakening a sensuous attachment to it at the very instant that it appears to be under threat. This particular response to developments in digital technologies suggests how we might more generally conceive of cinema finding itself anew in the contemporary media landscape.
An advertiser's dream
Authors: Chambers Ciara
Published: August 2021

Mercedes Gleitze was a British endurance swimmer who garnered huge public interest in the 1920s and 1930s. Celebrated for her athletic endeavours and philanthropic work, she was one of the first sportswomen to endorse a range of products, and most famously became a “poster girl” for Rolex. At a time when Edward Bernays was developing the psychoanalytic theories of his uncle, Sigmund Freud, to expand the fields of advertising and public relations, the media became increasingly interested in celebrities and the products they promoted. This article will examine the way the media covered Gleitze’s attempts to break world records and how coverage of her in the press and newsreels expanded beyond her athletic prowess to delve into her personal life and financial affairs. It will also consider how Gleitze became a symbol of expanding consumerism and explore how the tensions between her “new woman” status and her commodified persona were framed in the cinema. The article will also offer a consideration of how newsreels, a resource that has been underutilised by film scholars and historians, can help to inflect debates about contemporary popular culture, shifting female identities and burgeoning consumerism.
When imaginary cartoon worlds get the "documentary look"
Authors: Formenti Cristina
Published: August 2021

Due to their clearly imaginary narratives and to the presence of animation itself, animated mockumentaries make the viewer aware of their fictionality from the start. Therefore, these animated works constitute the clearest example of mockumentary being not a genre, but rather a narrative style capable of transcending the boundaries of genres, media, and individual poetics. Through the analysis of Ash Brannon and Chris Buck’s feature film, Surf’s Up (2007), and of The Simpsons’ episodes “Behind the Laughter” (Mark Kirkland, 2000) and “Springfield Up” (Chuck Sheetz, 2007), in this article I argue that the mockumentary style does not consist solely in the adoption of documentary aesthetics and structures, but also in the deployment of elements (such as booms left “accidentally” in view, glances in the direction of the camera and so on) that I will call fictionality clues. I will demonstrate that, whereas in hoaxes or credible live-action mockumentaries the presence of these hints might be dismissed as due to the need of alerting the viewer to the film’s effective ontological status, in the case of animated mockumentaries they would be redundant, if used just for this purpose. Thus their occurrence in these works suggests that they are central to the mockumentary as a form.
Tango for a dream
Authors: Kulezic-Wilson Danijela
Published: August 2021

Richard Linklater’s Waking Life (2001) combines unapologetically cerebral content with a sensuous audiovisual style; fragmentariness in the narrative with an all-encompassing breadth of ideas. Another aspect of Waking Life’s internal contradictions is the juxtaposition of the film’s liminal narrative space with the most “earthly” of music genres, the tango. I will explore the contradictions of Linklater’s film by viewing it in the context of the filmmaker’s metaphysical concerns, showing how all his formal choices, including the rotoscoped visual style, the “narrative of digressions” (Linklater qtd. in Singer) and the choice and placement of music, resonate with the film’s thematic undercurrents and its inquiry into the mysteries of existence, consciousness and time. I will argue that the tension between the film’s narrative liminality and tango’s erotic corporeality addresses the dualistic nature of human experience and that the film’s references to Jean-Luc Godard’s Prénom Carmen (1983) in the scoring not only evoke the French director’s distrust of the film medium itself but also connect to Waking Life’s wider concerns with the nature of reality and our perception of it.
The taming of the Bronies
Authors: Pramaggiore Maria
Published: August 2021

The notion of identification in visual media that require user participation is problematic. When images become clickable and navigable, then the viewer is no longer a viewer but a participant in the unfolding of the narrative. Theories of visual representation and cinematic spectatorship cannot fully account for modes of interactive spectatorship because the more the viewer is kinesthetically implicated into the formation and progression of moving images, the more the interactive action moves towards the literal realm. In this article, I explore emerging forms of interactive spectatorship through Stanton Audemars’s controversial Stockholm: An Exploration of True Love (2008), and connect those to a broader critical history of the sociological aspects of cinema. Stockholm: An Exploration of True Love challenges the boundaries of a voyeuristic subjectivity that is free of the tension associated with acting out desires elicited by the images on the screen, by inviting the viewer to become complicit in the virtual performance of sadomasochistic acts. An exploration of the processes of conditioning and reorienting spectatorship in interactive films can offer profound insights into the pedagogical potential of interactivity, especially through examples that push the boundaries of both interactivity and cinematic representation.
His Royal Highness Prince Wongsa Dhiraj Snid and Western Medicine
Authors: Sukpanichnant Sanya
Published: August 2021

On the 150th anniversary of the passing of Phra Chao Barommawongse Ther Krom Luang Wongsa Dhiraj Snid (H.R.H. Prince Wongsa Dhiraj Snid) on August 14, 1871, the information about the acceptance of western doctors upon the prince as a corresponding fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine, elected in 1853 is presented along with the information about the 5 generations of doctors in the Snidvongs Royal Family.
Fikih Maqasid dalam Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia tentang Penggunaan Vaksin Covid-19 Produk Astrazeneca
Authors: Moch. Nurcholis
Published: August 2021

The rapid advancement of fiqh discourse has reached a thematic study phase and has shifted to a philosophical style. The philosophical type can be carried out through an integrated combination of fiqh and maqasid al-shariâ€˜ah to produce a fiqh maqasid discourse in the Indonesian Ulama Councilâ€™s Fatwa Number 14 of 2021. Fiqh maqasid epistemology also needs to be addressed in this discourse. Efforts to reveal the existence of fiqh maqasid in the MUI fatwa and its epistemological building in this study used content analysis methods and Islamic legal philosophy as the approach. This research concludes that the fiqh maqasid paradigm has been applied in the MUI fatwa by using tarjih based on maqasid al-shariâ€˜ah. In the realm of epistemology, fiqh maqasid originates from transcendental texts supported by ijmaâ€˜, and qawaâ€™id al-fiqh. The paradigm in fiqh maqasid involves an integral relationship between ushul al-fiqh, fiqh, reality, maqasid al-shariâ€˜ah, and qawaâ€™id al-fiqh. While the truth in fiqh maqasid is based on the pragmatic theory of truth using instruments of utility, workability, satisfactory consequences.
Rekonstruksi Pendidikan Islam Multikultural Indonesia Perspektif Filsafat Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Ismunadi Ali , Khusni Moh. Faishol
Published: August 2021

Efforts to explore various basic principles and ideals of Islamic education have become exciting studies in the discourse on Islamic philosophy. This study is even more interesting when juxtaposed with contemporary lessons such as multiculturalism and Islam Nusantara. Ironically, this discourse has stagnated in academic debate. In this context, the researcher uses a literature study approach by examining primary sources in the Islamic philosophical thought family. This research aims to see the philosophical basis with dimensions, principles, norms, and values â€‹â€‹that live and use as human guidance. In this study, the researcher finds that from the perspective of Islamic philosophy, the basis of multiculturalism base on the Islamic doctrine of Rahmatallil'alamin. The common goal in the formation of humans is perfect humans as servants of Allah, social beings, and part of the universe. This basic principle is relevant to apply to humans in Indonesia who are diverse in culture, ethnicity, and religion.
Pengarusutamaan Moderasi Beragama; Strategi Tantangan dan Peluang FKUB Jawa Timur
Authors: Huda M. Thoriqul
Published: August 2021

Religious moderation is one of the means to strengthen and strengthen a harmonious, safe and peaceful spiritual life. Indonesia is a country with multiple religions, ethnicities, and races, so the adherence to religious moderation in the life of the nation and state is an obligation. The study in this paper is one of the efforts to examine further the East Java Religious Harmony Forum (FKUB) in grounding the attitude of religious moderation in its region. In this study researcher used interviews and observation techniques at the East Java Religious Harmony Forum. The results of this research are that FKUB carries out several strategies to ground religious moderation, including holding discussions on religious moderation, creating a guidebook on religious moderation, strengthening the insight into religious moderation for the millennial generation, and strengthening cooperation with other parties related to religious moderation. Religious moderation program. Furthermore, there are several challenges in grounding religious moderation, including the increasing religious orthodoxy and conservatism, the strengthening of identity politics, and the era of social media. In addition, the culture of the East Java people who are friendly, polite, and tolerant between individuals is one of the strengths and assets for FKUB to continue to ground religious moderation in society.
Features Of Digital Colourimetry Application in Modern Scientific Research
Authors: Zhbanova Vera L.
Published: August 2021

The paper is devoted to digital colorimetry, has a character of review, and deals with the main issues of colorimetric calculations and transformations during digital colour registration. The presented materials are intended to help researchers already at the stage of registration to exclude colour losses and, accordingly, errors of measurements, taking into account the following features:
– The connection of colorimetric measurements with digital circuit design is shown, which results in digital colorimetry as a tool for acquiring and processing accurate colour information about the object of study;
– Important issues such as: selection criteria for parameters of photodetector arrays, colour separation systems, working colour spaces, formats of colour images, and post-processing methods for colour information of images;
– Colour separation systems of photodetector arrays, their advantages and disadvantages, influence on the registration result and prospects of new developments in this field are described;
– Working colour spaces of digital recording systems, and also colour systems are considered allowing maximum saving colour parameters of digital impression;
– To understand human colour perception, the problem of hardware-independent reproduction of colour and images after image registration is considered;
– It is proposed to use such colorimetric systems in the analysis of colour parameters in scientific studies, which give understanding of human image perception in the analysis of image quality.
The paper gives a broad overview of the digital colorimetry main aspects and researches on this topic for specialists who use digital colour recorders as a tool in their experimental research. This material can also be useful for specialists with deep knowledge in colorimetry who use digital colour recorders as part of their main tasks in the definite field of science and technology.
DURATION OF THE USE OF MOBILE ELECTRONIC DEVICES AS A RISK FACTOR FOR HEALTH OF CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS AND YOUTH
Authors: Ushakov I. B. , Popov V. I. , Skoblina N. A. , Markelova S. V.
Published: August 2021

Aim: To study associations between the duration of the use of mobile electronic devices by schoolchildren and students and functional state of the eyes. Methods: The study was performed from September-May 2017-2020. Altogether 805 schoolchildren and students in Moscow and the Moscow region participated in the study. The pattern of mobile electronic device use was assessed by a questionnaire. Continuous variables were analyzed using unpaired t-tests. Associations between visual acuity and duration of the use of mobile devices were assessed using non-parametic correlation analysis. Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated. Results: Almost 100 % of students reported using use mobile electronic devices. The device of choice was a smartphone. The total time of use of mobile electronic devices by middle and senior schoolchildren during school hours, on weekends and during vacation time significantly exceeded the daily total time of use by primary school students. Students spent more hours with mobile devices than schoolchildren. Students who had a day without a mobile device had a significantly higher volume of accommodation (ACV) (0.54 diopters) than those who used it daily (0.45 diopters; p < 0.05). Conduisons: Hygienic recommendations for the use of mobile electronic devices by students and schoolchildren should include organizing a day off during the week in which the smartphone is not used.
Desarrollo de Hardware y Software de un Sistema de Espectroscopia de Reflectancia Difusa (DRS) para Medir la Temperatura del Sustrato Semiconductor in-situ
Authors: Gard Faramarz Sahra
Published: August 2021

Se desarrolla un sistema de espectroscopia de reflectancia difusa (DRS) para medir la temperatura de materiales semiconductores en vacío ultra alto cámara. DRS es un método óptico para monitorear la temperatura de materiales semiconductores con la temperatura dependiente band gap. El sistema está calibrado y probado para sustratos de n-GaAs y GaAs. En la comunicación actual, se informa sobre el desarrollo de hardware, software y la calibración del sistema.
Influencia de Finos de Perlita en Hormigones
Authors: Artigas Verónica Fernanda , Positieri María Josefina , Quintana María Virginia , Oshiro Ángel
Published: August 2021

La perlita es una roca de origen volcánico utilizada en múltiples industrias. En San Antonio de los Cobres (Salta-Argentina) se sitúan canteras de extracción de perlita, donde es sometida a un proceso mecánico produciendo desechos del mineral llamados “finos de perlita” (FP).

Este trabajo presenta el análisis de hormigones con la incorporación de FPcomo adición mineral al contenido de cemento y como reemplazo del cemento, planteando dosificaciones con el fin de comprobar si la perlita puede ser considerada como una adición activa o simplemente modifica ciertas propiedades del hormigón. Se evaluaron en estado fresco el aspecto, la consistencia y el tiempo de fraguado y en estado endurecido la resistencia a compresión, módulo de elasticidad, absorción y velocidad de pulso ultrasónico.

Los resultados obtenidos con incorporación de FP hasta el 10 por ciento de reemplazo del cemento muestran que es posible la utilización de este material como adición activa.
Análisis de latencia en modelo FANS para servicios IoT
Authors: Priano Guido , Pacheco Federico
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo plantea la creación de un escenario real de operación de una red de fibra óptica conformada en base al estándar FANS (Fixed Access Network Sharing) de Broadband Forum, en la que se simule el manejo de un tráfico modelo correspondiente a dispositivos IoT. Para esto se propone la realización de distintas maquetas que representen el modo de funcionamiento de una arquitectura FANS manejando las condiciones de tráfico correspondientes, de forma que se puedan extraer conclusiones sobre la latencia, que es el parámetro de mayor importancia considerado por la industria en contextos de uso sobre redes 5G que se interconecten por medio de redes de fibra óptica. El objetivo del estudio es determinar si alguno de los modelos del estándar podría ofrecer ventajas ante escenarios de redes compuestas por dispositivos IoT que sean sensibles a la latencia.
Algoritmo de detección e Interfaz gráfica de usuario diseñados en Python para autocolimador digital
Authors: Bergues Guillermo Juan , Schürrer Clemar , Brambilla Nancy
Published: August 2021

En este trabajo se presenta la interfaz gráfica de usuario y se explica el modelo de detección de líneas diseñado en Python para la misma. Luego de los resultados de la calibración del instrumento electrónico se procedió a crear la interfaz gráfica de usuario en python en base al prototipo de la GUI construida en Matlab para lo cual se tuvo que escribir el algoritmo de detección en el mismo lenguaje. El instrumento electrónico está construido con un autocolimador analógico comercial, Nikon 6D, y una interfaz visual ad hoc.
Clinical Characteristics of Cervical Toxoplasma Lymphadenitis
Authors: Lee Ha Na , Lee Seung Yeol , Jeong Jin Hyeok , Ji Yong Bae , Min Kyueng-Whan , Tae Kyung
Published: August 2021

Background and Objectives Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by an intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii. There has been only a few studies done on cervical toxoplasma lymphadenitis, and this study was performed to evaluate its clinical characteristics and outcomes.Subjects and Method We retrospectively reviewed the patients diagnosed with cervical toxoplasma lymphadenitis from January 2010 to December 2019. We investigated clinical pathologic findings, treatment and clinical outcomes.Results Enrolled in the study were 21 patients who were confirmed with typical pathologic findings in an excisional biopsy (16/21) and core needle biopsy (5/21). Nine patients were male and 12 patients were female, with the mean age of 46.1±13.59 (19-70). All patients complained of neck masses and 5 (23.8%) patients showed pain or tenderness. Only one (4.8%) patient had mild fever. Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed in 5 patients, with no resulting pathognomonic outcomes in any one of the patients. CT scan was performed in 15 patients, with 8 (53.3%) patients showing multiple nodal enlargements but 7 (46.6%) patients showing a single enlarged lymph node. The most frequently involved location was level I (53.3%), followed by level II (46.6%), level V (46.6%), level III (40.0%), and level IV (20.0%). The serologic test for toxoplasma revealed positive IgG (100%) and IgM (85.7%). Treatments were excision only (61.9%) and excision with pharmacologic treatment using sulfonamide or pyrimethamine (38.1%). There was no case of recurrence after treatment.Conclusion Cervical toxoplasma lymphadenitis can be diagnosed by biopsy but needle aspiration has little role. It shows favorable clinical outcomes after treatment.
A Case of Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Nasal Ala
Authors: Choi Soo Young , Kang Hee Jin , Kim Sung Wan , Min Jin-Young
Published: August 2021

Pleomorphic adenoma occurs primarily in the major salivary glands, but very rarely in the nose. Treatment of nasal pleomorphic adenoma, like pleomorphic adenoma of the major salivary gland, is also a complete resection. Since most are confined to the nasal cavity and do not invade cartilage or other tissues, it can be removed relatively simply by nasal endoscopic surgery. We report a case where a pleomorphic adenoma arising from the right nasal ala invades the lateral crus of lower lateral cartilage, where a part of the cartilage was excised along with removal of the tumor and reconstructed with nasal septal cartilage. Eight months after surgery, the external deformity of nose was not observed and there was no recurrence.
Reimaging the Routes to Resilience & Renewables in the CARICOM & OECS Caribbean
Authors: Lancaster Alana Malinde S.N.
Published: August 2021

The states of the CARICOM and OECS Caribbean are small island developing states (SIDS) which are exceedingly vulnerable to economic and ecological shocks. Examples of vulnerability are the economic cost of a heavy reliance on imported oil & gas resources, and the pernicious effects of climate change. A key strategy to mitigate these vulnerabilities is to invest in renewables, increase resilience, and effect an energy transition for the Region.

However, research and data on renewable energy and resilience in the region is still evolving. Further, it has become apparent from stakeholder fora such as CREF and IRAC that there are certain fundamental elements which need to be understood and addressed before the Region can achieve a just energy transition. The first is a clear understanding of what resilience means for the Region's renewable energy sector. The second relates to financing options which incorporate elements of resilience into renewable energy projects. Thirdly, in the rebuilding from the COVID-19 pandemic, it is recognised that reimagining full gender equality in the energy sector will be key to sustainable and competitive development.

This Article explores the recent developments to re-imaging the route to resilience and renewables in the CARICOM & OECS Caribbean through collaborative efforts at the regional level. It also sets out the next steps in these three fundamental areas and outlines the role for future research to support these regional initiatives.
Determining the conductance of networks created by randomly dispersed cylinders
Authors: Appella Simone , Atayev Anvarbek , Bond Oliver , Collins Ben , Dablander Markus , Fadeev Nikolai , Lacey Andrew , Morawiecki Piotr , Ockendon Hilary , Polvara Davide , Powell Ellen , Quintavalle Lorenzo , Wilson Eddie , Zhou Yang
Published: August 2021

This report investigates various aspects of modelling a composite material using randomly packed cylinders in 3d space. In particular it considers: simulating configurations of non-intersecting cylinders; generating weighted networks from such simulations, including calculation of minimal cylinder separation distances; estimating the conductance or resistivity of such a network. This is based on work carried out during the ESGI165 Study Group at Durham University, April 2021.