bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Approach for an Assistance System for E-Bikes to Implement Rider-Adaptive Support
Authors: Rauch Yannick , Kriesten Reiner
Published: July 2024

When riding an e-bike, riders are faced with the question of whether there is enough energy left in the battery to reach the destination with the desired level of support. Therefore, e-bike riders have range anxiety. Specifically, this describes the fear that the battery charge will be exhausted before there is an opportunity to recharge it and that it will no longer be possible to use the electric support. However, e-bike riders have so far had to decide for themselves whether the available battery charge is sufficient for riding the planned route or whether the desired destination can be reached. In this context, the challenge is to decide how much electric propulsion support can be used so that an appropriate amount of effort can be achieved for the entire ride. In order to assist e-bike riders with this problem, the objective of this paper is to present an approach towards a system that provides rider-adaptive support over the entire ride of a defined route. This involves using the propulsion support in such a way that the rider requires an appropriate level of effort. The rider-adaptive support is to be implemented via an automatic mode of the e-bike propulsion system, which automatically sets the corresponding support intensity. The assistance system is designed to ensure that a planned destination can be reached using the rider-adaptive support. To achieve this, the use of the propulsion support is optimized and automatically adjusted according to the available energy and the route to be cycled. The implementation will be carried out as a predictive energy management system. This calculates an optimized support strategy based on an energy demand prediction for the route to be cycled and the available energy of the e-bike battery.
Graph based Cooperation Strategies for Automated Vehicles in Mixed Traffic
Authors: Flormann Maximilian , Henze Roman
Published: July 2024

In the context of urban smart mobility, vehicles have to communicate with each other, surrounding infrastructure, and other traffic participants. By using Vehicle2X communication, it is possible to exchange the vehicles’ position, driving dynamics data, or driving intention. This concept yields the use for cooperative driving in urban environments. Based on current V2X-communication standards, a methodology for cooperative driving of automated vehicles in mixed traffic scenarios is presented. Initially, all communication participants communicate their dynamic data and planned trajectory, based on which a prioritization is calculated. Therefore, a decentralized cooperation algorithm is introduced. The approach of this algorithm is that every traffic scenario is translatable to a directed graph, based in which a solution for the cooperation problem is computed via an optimization algorithm. This solution is either computed decentralized by various traffic participants, who share and compare their solutions in order to get an optimal one, or centralized by a single computation unit, such as smart infrastructure systems. The cooperation participants negotiate the cooperative driving maneuver via a chain like validation approach, since the communication protocol does not require any handshake by design. Finally, all cooperation participants carry out the optimized and negotiated cooperative driving maneuver. The presented algorithm is validated in a multi-vehicle simulation. Different optimization heuristics are compared, ranging from traditional approaches to machine learning algorithms. The methods' behavior with regard to increasing model complexities is evaluated based on a representative catalogue of scenarios. Finally, the algorithm is validated in a real world proving ground test. These validations show that the introduced methodology provides significantly more efficient cooperation strategies compared to traditional, infrastructure-controlled approaches. Additionally, the presented approach is conflict-free by design.
What is Going on within the Automotive PowerNet?
Authors: Jagfeld Sebastian Michael Peter , Weldle Richard , Knorr Rainer , Fill Alexander , Birke Kai Peter
Published: July 2024

The automotive PowerNet is in the middle of a major transformation. The main drivers are steadily increasing power demand, availability requirements, and complexity and cost. These factors result in a wide variety of possible future PowerNet topologies. The increasing power demand is, among other factors, caused by the progressive electrification of formerly mechanical components and a constantly increasing number of comfort and safety loads. This leads to a steady increase in installed electrical power. X-by-wire systems1 and autonomous driving functions result in higher availability requirements. As a result, the power supply of all safety-critical loads must always be kept sufficiently stable. To reduce costs and increase reliability, the car manufacturers aim to reduce the complexity of the PowerNet system, including the wiring harness and the controller network. The wiring harness e.g., is currently one of the most expensive parts of modern cars. These challenges are met with a wide variety of concepts. To fulfill the increasing power requirements, higher voltage levels can be introduced. Availability requirements can be met with redundant subnets. The complexity of the wiring harness can be reduced by employing a zonal architecture. The changes coming with the chosen topology will have a major impact on the components used in the low-voltage PowerNet and their requirements. In some cases, entirely new components will be necessary. For carmakers and suppliers, it is crucial to understand the different topologies and their implications to develop appropriate and safe components in the future. System simulations are an important tool to support these efforts. Due to the high variance of the discussed topologies and the considerable effort for building the models, we propose the implementation of a simulation toolbox featuring an automized model built-up. Here, the description and modeling of the PowerNet is based on a modular approach, which enables a rapid and efficient model built-up and simulation. This toolbox allows for a fast evaluation and quantitative comparison of different topologies.
Designing a Prototype of a Mobile Charging Robot for Charging of Electric Vehicles
Authors: Wessel Patricia , Faßbender Max , Gerz Jonathan , Andert Jakob
Published: July 2024

As the market for electric vehicles grows, so does the demand for appropriate charging infrastructure. The availability of sufficient charging points is essential to increase public acceptance of electric vehicles and to avoid the so-called “charging anxiety”. However, the charging stations currently installed may not be able to meet the full charging demand, especially in areas where there is a general lack of grid infrastructure, or where the fluctuating nature of charging demand requires flexible, high-power charging solutions that do not require expensive grid extensions. In such cases, the use of mobile charging stations provides a good opportunity to complement the existing charging network. This paper presents a prototype of a mobile charging solution that is being developed as part of an ongoing research project, and discusses different use cases. The solution presented consists of a semi-autonomous robotic platform equipped with a high voltage battery and multiple charging interfaces. The robot can be charged via a CCS charging interface on a DC fast charging point. Once charged, the robot can be guided to an electric vehicle and charge it with power equivalent to a DC fast charger. In addition to the DC charging capability, the robot is equipped with a bidirectional inductive charging interface. This allows it to connect to a specially developed micro-mobility charging station, where it can either receive energy or provide its own energy to the station, which can then be used to charge micro-mobility vehicles connected to the station, such as electric bicycles. Based on the experience with the first prototype of the mobile charging robot, this paper highlights the applicability of the mobile charging robot for different use cases.
A Novel Approach for the Safety Validation of Emergency Intervention Functions Using Extreme Value Estimation
Authors: Schrimpf Malte , Betschinske Daniel , Peters Steven
Published: July 2024

As part of the safety validation of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and automated driving (AD) functions, it is necessary to demonstrate that the frequency at which the system exhibits hazardous behavior (HB) in the field is below an acceptable threshold. This is typically tested by observation of the system behavior in a field operational test (FOT). For situations in which the system under test (SUT) actively intervenes in the dynamic driving behavior of the vehicle, it is assessed whether the SUT exhibits HB. Since the accepted threshold values are generally small, the amount of data required for this strategy is usually very large. This publication proposes an approach to reduce the amount of data required for the evaluation of emergency intervention systems with a state machine based intervention logic by including the time periods between intervention events in the validation process. For this purpose, a proximity measure that indicates how close the system is to an intervention at each point in time during the test drive is proposed. The application of this proximity measure and the definition of a corresponding threshold value makes it possible to expand the set of observable intervention events by events in which the system is close to an intervention. Thus, a subsequent assessment of these additional events regarding HB enables the data basis to be expanded to include events in which the system is close to exhibiting HB. This additional information is intended to be leveraged in the application of an extreme value estimator for deriving an estimate of the frequency at which the system is expected to exhibit HB on longer test distances. This publication focuses primarily on deriving and demonstrating the described proximity measure and provides an outlook on further steps required to validate the proposed approach.
Neural Network Modeling of Black Box Controls for Internal Combustion Engine Calibration
Authors: Meli Matteo , Wang Zezhou , Bailly Peter , Pischinger Stefan
Published: July 2024

The calibration of Engine Control Units (ECUs) for road vehicles is challenged by stringent legal and environmental regulations, coupled with short development cycles. The growing number of vehicle variants, although sharing similar engines and control algorithms, requires different calibrations. Additionally, modern engines feature increasingly number of adjustment variables, along with complex parallel and nested conditions within the software, demanding a significant amount of measurement data during development.

The current state-of-the-art (White Box) model-based ECU calibration proves effective but involves considerable effort for model construction and validation. This is often hindered by limited function documentation, available measurements, and hardware representation capabilities.

This article introduces a model-based calibration approach using Neural Networks (Black Box) for two distinct ECU functional structures with minimal software documentation. The ECU is operated on a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) rig for measurement data generation.

To build surrogate models of these ECU functions, Neural Network model inputs are allocated categorized into two categories: function inputs as perceived by the logic level (White Box) software function, and curve/map fitting features representing the adjustment variables of the ECU function.

Factors influencing surrogate model accuracy such as, Neural Network hyperparameter optimization, input space amount and distribution as well as the parameter adjustment is investigated. Results show an increase in accuracy with the increasing number of implemented parameters, as well as the scalability of ECU function model representation with measurement data.

In addition to calibration purposes, the presented function representation method facilitates the use of plant models to replace time-consuming function construction and validation.
Automated AI-Based Annotation Framework for 3D Object Detection from LIDAR Data in Industrial Areas
Authors: Abdelhalim Gina , Simon Kevin , Bensch Robert , Parimi Sai , Qureshi Bilal Ahmed
Published: July 2024

Autonomous Driving is used in various settings, including indoor areas such as industrial halls and warehouses. For perception in these environments, LIDAR is currently very popular due to its high accuracy compared to RADAR and its robustness to varying lighting conditions compared to cameras. However, there is a notable lack of freely available labeled LIDAR data in these settings, and most public datasets, such as KITTI and Waymo, focus on public road scenarios. As a result, specialized publicly available annotation frameworks are rare as well. This work tackles these shortcomings by developing an automated AI-based labeling tool to generate a LIDAR dataset with 3D ground truth annotations for industrial warehouse scenarios. The base pipeline for the annotation framework first upsamples the incoming 16-channel data into dense 64-channel data. The upsampled data is then manually annotated for the defined classes and this annotated 64-channel dataset is used to fine-tune the Part-A2-Net that has been pretrained on the KITTI dataset. This fine-tuned network shows promising results for the defined classes. To overcome some shortcomings with this pipeline, which mainly involves artefacts from upsampling and manual labeling, we extend the pipeline to make use of SLAM to generate the dense point cloud and use the generated poses to speed up the labeling process. The progression, therefore shows the three generations of the framework which started with manual upsampling and labeling. This then was extended to a semi-automated approach with automatic generation of dense map using SLAM and automatic annotation propagation to all the scans for all static classes and then the complete automatic pipeline that generates ground truth using the Part-A2-Net which was trained using the dataset generated from the manual and semi-automated pipelines. The dataset generated for this warehouse environment will continuously be extended and is publicly available at https://github.com/anavsgmbh/lidar-warehouse-dataset.
Sustainable Propulsion in a Post-Fossil Energy World: Life-Cycle Assessment of Renewable Fuel and Electrified Propulsion Concepts
Authors: Kexel Jannik , Pischinger Stefan , Balazs Andreas , Schroeder Benedikt , Wegner Hagen
Published: July 2024

In response to the challenge of climate change, the European Union has developed a strategy to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. Extensive research has been conducted on the CO2 life cycle analysis of propulsion systems. However, achieving net-zero CO2 emissions requires adjusting key performance indicators for the development of these. Therefore, we investigated the ecological sustainability impacts of various propulsion concepts integrated in a C-segment sports utility vehicle assuming a 100% renewable energy scenario. The propulsion concepts studied include a hydrogen-fueled 48V mild hybrid, a hydrogen-fueled 48V hybrid, a methanol-fueled 400V hybrid, a methanol-to-gasoline-fueled 400V plug-in hybrid, an 800V battery electric vehicle (BEV), and a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV). To achieve a comprehensive and objective comparison of various propulsion concepts that meet the same pre-defined customer requirements for system design, we conducted an integrated and prospective Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) using the methodology of DIN EN ISO 14040/44 and the EU Product Environmental Footprint. Unlike other studies, we used an integrated approach to aggregate the Life-Cycle Inventory data. This approach combines model-based system design with physical-empirical simulation models and publicly available LCA databases. Assuming the defossilized energy scenario, it leads to more sustainable propulsion systems, regardless of the propulsion concept. The FCEV has slight advantages, while the BEV has disadvantages that can be improved by reducing requirements or adapting cell chemistry. Based on this, we recommend developing propulsion systems for the future in an open-minded manner, tailored to specific use-cases and targeted requirements, while considering the entire life cycle.
Miller Cycle and Internal EGR in Diesel Engines Using Alternative Fuels
Authors: Knost Friedemar , Beidl Christian
Published: July 2024

The Single Cylinder Research Engine (SCRE) at the Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Powertrain Systems is equipped with a variable valve train that allows to switch between regular intake valve lift and early intake valve closing (Miller). On the exhaust side, a secondary exhaust valve lift (SEVL) on each valve is possible with adjustable back pressure and thus the possibility of realizing internal EGR. In combination with alternative fuels, even if they are Drop-In capable as HVO, properties differ and can influence the emission and efficiency behavior. The investigations of this paper are focusing on regenerative Drop-In fuel (HVO), fossil fuel (B7), and an oxygenate (OME), that needs adaptions at the engine control unit, but offers further emission potential. By commissioning a 2-stage boost system, it is possible to fully equalize the air mass in Miller mode compared to the normal valve lift. This enables a comprehensive analysis of the behavior of the fuels under different boundary conditions. In addition to the boost pressure, the exhaust gas pressure and engine speed are varied and analyzed with regards to emissions and efficiency. The SEVL is varied and investigated in terms of emission and efficiency behavior. For the evaluation, a combustion analysis is carried out and analyzed based on cylinder pressure data to work out the causes of the respective effects. One expected effect is a NOx reduction in Miller mode with the same air mass due to reduced effective compression, without significant efficiency losses due to the constant expansion. In the investigations this effect is clearly visible and therefore represents great potential for reducing NOx emissions.
Optimal and Prototype Dimensioning of Electrified Drives for Automated Driving
Authors: Sturm Axel Wolfgang , Brandes Gerrit , Sander Marcel , Henze Roman , Küçükay Ferit
Published: July 2024

Electrified drives will change significantly in the wake of the further introduction of automated driving functions. Precise drive dimensioning, taking automated driving into account, opens up further potential in terms of drive operation and efficiency as well as optimal component design. Central element for unlocking the dimensioning potentials is the knowledge about the driving functions and their application. In this paper the implications of automated driving on the drive and component design are discussed. A process and a virtual toolchain for electric drive development from concept optimization to detailed dimensioning validation is presented. The process is subdivided into a concept optimization part for finding the optimal drive topology and layout and a detailed prototype environment, where more detailed component models can be assessed in customer operation to enable representative component dimensioning. Furthermore, the detailed simulation allows the drive investigation in representative customer operation as well as automated driving functions in terms of a software in the loop simulation. The process is used for the optimal dimensioning of a battery electric vehicle of the D-segment. The work focusses on a highway pilot function, developed at the Institute of Automotive Engineering of the Technische Universität Braunschweig. The optimal drive configuration can later be transferred to the prototype dimensioning. The simulation of automated driving function operation is based on a vehicle following scenario which employs statistical human behavior in the target vehicle and a sliding mode ACC in the ego vehicle. This methodology is particularly suitable for determining load spectra, which in turn can be used as test specifications for the strength simulation or endurance testing of the electric drive. Furthermore, simulation results can be used for the definition of representative cycles applicable for the concept optimization. The results of both processes will be compared and discussed in detail with an emphasis on efficiency, performance and load spectra.
Current and Torque Harmonics Analysis of Triple Three-Phase Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines with Arbitrary Phase Shift Based on Model-in-the-Loop
Authors: Li Yu , Shi Bufan , Andert Jakob
Published: July 2024

In recent years, multiple three-phase machines have become increasingly popular due to their reliability and fault tolerance, especially in the propulsion systems of ships, aircraft and vehicles. These systems greatly benefit from the robustness and efficiency offered by such machines. However, a notable challenge for these machines is that harmonics increase with the number of phases, which affects control accuracy and triggers torque oscillations. The phase shift angles between winding sets are one of the most important causes of stator current and torque harmonics. Most of conventional approaches for studying triple-three-phase or nine-phase machines focus on specific phase shifts and lack a comprehensive analysis over a range of phase shifts. This paper discusses the current and torque harmonics of triple three-phase permanent magnet synchronous machines (TTP-PMSM) with different phase shifts. The aim of this paper is to analyse and compare the effect of different phase shifts on harmonic levels. To verify the hypotheses, a Model-in-the-Loop (MiL) simulation environment based on PLECS and MATLAB/Simulink is used to construct the equivalent circuits of the machines and the Field-Oriented Control (FOC) strategy. The mathematical model of the machine is based on a unified transformation that maps the machine quantities into the fundamental αβ-subplane and other subplans, which are shown to reflect both harmonic and zero sequence components. By comparing the amplitudes of current harmonics at different phase shifts, this paper analyses the harmonic dependencies on phase shifts. By making a trade-off between torque harmonics and copper losses caused by current harmonics, the best phase shifts for the design of a triple three-phase PMSM is proposed as (10°, 20°).
Rhyta and kernoi from the Domasław cemetery
Authors: Józefowska Anna , Rosiak Angelina , Markiewicz Małgorzata , Sekulska-Nalewajko Joanna , Gocławski Jarosław , Kałużna-Czaplińska Joanna
Published: July 2024

Unique ceremonial vessels such as rhyta, kernoi and pseudokernoi were discovered in a cemetery from the Early Iron Age in Domasław (Poland). The appearance of such vessels proves that the societies of the Hallstatt culture adopted cultural ideas, feasting and drinking practises and offerings from the Mediterranean world. GC-MS analyses were carried out on five vessels and compared with pottery from the Domasław cemetery (74 samples) and the nearby settlement of Milejowice (46 samples). The investigations show that the examined vessels probably contained ceremonial drinks and liquids used for offerings and libations during funeral ceremonies.
Accessing Rehabilitation after Upper Limb Reconstructive Surgery in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Randolph Samantha B. , L’Hotta Allison J. , Tam Katharine , Stenson Katherine C. , Curtin Catherine M. , James Aimee S. , Kennedy Carie R. , Ota Doug , Novak Christine B. , Kenney Deborah , Fox Ida K.
Published: July 2024

Objectives:

To investigate the barriers and facilitators to rehabilitation experienced by individuals with cervical SCI after upper limb (UL) reconstructive surgery.

Methods:

We conducted a prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of up to 24 months. Data collection occurred at two academic and two Veterans Affairs medical centers in the United States. Participants were purposively sampled and included 21 adults with cervical SCI (c-SCI) who had received nerve or tendon transfer surgeries and 15 caregivers. We administered semi-structured interviews about participants’ experiences of accessing rehabilitation services after surgery.

Results:

Four themes emerged from the data: (1) participants encountered greater obstacles in accessing therapy as follow-up time increased; (2) practical challenges (e.g., insurance coverage, opportunity costs, transportation) limited rehabilitation access; (3) individuals with c-SCI and their caregivers desired more information about an overall rehabilitation plan; and (4) external support systems facilitated therapy access.

Conclusion:

Individuals with c-SCI experience multilevel barriers in accessing rehabilitation care after UL reconstructive surgeries in the United States. This work identifies areas of focus to mitigate these challenges, such as enhancing transparency about the overall rehabilitation process, training providers to work with this population, and developing, testing, and disseminating rehabilitation protocols following UL reconstruction among people with c-SCI.
Transcribing Medieval Manuscripts for Machine Learning
Authors: Guéville Estelle , Wrisley David Joseph
Published: July 2024

This article focuses on the transcription of medieval manuscripts. Whereas
problems of transcription have long interested medievalists, few workable
options in the era of printed editions were available besides normalisation.
The automation of this process, known as handwritten text recognition (HTR),
has made new kinds of digital text creation possible, but also has foregrounded
the necessity of theorising transcription in our scholarly practices. We
reflect here on different notions of transcription against the backdrop of
changing text technologies. Moreover, drawing on our own research on medieval
Latin Bibles, we present general guidelines for customizing transcription
schemes, arguing that they must be designed with specific research questions
and scholarly end use in mind. Since we are particularly interested in the
scribal contribution to the production of codices, our transcription guidelines
aim to capture abbreviations and orthographic variation between different
textual witnesses for downstream machine learning tasks. In the final section
of the article, we discuss a few examples of how the HTR-created transcriptions
allow us to address new questions at scale in medieval manuscripts, such as
textual variance across witnesses, the prediction of a change in scribal hands
within a single manuscript as well as the profiling of individual and regional
scribal characteristics.
Osteoporosis knowledge and awareness among rheumatoid arthritis patients: A cross-sectional controlled study
Authors: Tomay Aksoy Öykü , Kutluk Öznur , Sezer İlhan
Published: July 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of knowledge and awareness of osteoporosis (OP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Patients and methods: The cross-sectional study included 100 RA patients (26 males, 74 females; mean age: 51±11 years; range, 28 to 67 years) who had not been diagnosed with OP and a control group of 50 healthy subjects (16 males, 34 females; mean age: 53±11 years; range, 29 to 70 years) between February 2022 and June 2022. The demographic data of age, sex, and education level of all the participants were recorded. Disease duration and the drugs used were recorded for the RA patients. The revised Osteoporosis Knowledge Test and the Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale questionnaires were completed by the participants.

Results: There was no significant difference determined between the RA patients and the control group in OP knowledge levels. A positive correlation was determined between education level and OP knowledge level and between disease duration and OP awareness level. RA patients with a family history of OP, those in the postmenopausal period, and those using biological disease-modifying drugs thought they were at risk of OP at a higher rate.

Conclusion: While the levels of knowledge and awareness of OP were determined to be similar in the RA patients and the control group, the vast majority of RA patients did not know that they were at risk of developing OP. In addition, when the data obtained in this study are taken into consideration, there appears to be a need for health strategies such as educational programs and informing RA patients about OP.
Prevalence and characteristics of juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome in pediatric rheumatic diseases: A comparative study
Authors: Özomay Baykal Gülcan , Kurtuluş Duygu , Ata Serap , Sözeri Betül
Published: July 2024

Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the frequency of juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome (JFMS) in patients diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) with joint symptoms and compare them with a healthy control group.

Patients and methods: This retrospective study was conducted with 181 participants between January and April 2023. One hundred twenty-one patients with JIA or FMF diagnoses (71 females, 50 males; mean age: 15.6±2.1 years; range, 12 to 23 years) and 60 healthy individuals (36 females, 24 males; mean age: 14.5±1.6 years; range, 12 to 17 years) were included in the patient group and the control group, respectively. The pain and symptom assessment scale was applied for the JFMS diagnosis, and the output data were analyzed with the widespread pain index and symptom severity scale.

Results: Of the patient group, 57% (n=69) were diagnosed with FMF, and 43% (n=52) were diagnosed with JIA. When the two groups were compared with those diagnosed with JFMS, statistical significance was detected (p<0.05). Thirteen (87%) of those diagnosed with JFMS were female, and two (13%) were male, with a statistically significant difference.

Conclusion: In patients with JIA and FMF who complain of chronic musculoskeletal pain, tiredness, and weakness, JFMS diagnosis should always be considered in the clinical evaluation.
Genesis of criminalization of acts related to the restriction of competition
Authors: Федоров Ю.В.
Published: July 2024

Статья содержит ретроспективный анализ законодательства, устанавливающего ответственность за совершение действий, направленных на ограничение конкуренции. В нормативных актах XIII–XVI вв. запреты мо- нополий были ориентированы на противодействие искусственному удержа- нию торговцами по взаимной договоренности завышенных цен на отдельные виды продовольственных товаров. Социальная недооценка степени опасно- сти действий, связанных с ограничением конкуренций, определяла казуич- ность нормативных предписаний, порицающих спекуляцию. Плановая эко- номика Советского государства исключала потребность уголовно-правового регулирования ограничения конкуренции. Впервые установив уголовную от- ветственность за действия, направленные на недопущение, ограничение или устранение конкуренции, в 1996 г., законодатель, снижая репрессивность за- прета, неоднократно редактировал положения ст. 178 УК РФ, сдерживая ее практическую реализацию.

The article contains a retrospective analysis of the legislation establishing liability for actions aimed at restricting competition. Reflected in the regulations of the XIII–XVI centuries, the prohibitions of monopolies were aimed at countering merchants’ artificial retention of inflated prices for certain types of food products by mutual agreement. Social underestimation of the degree of danger of actions related to the restriction of competition determined the casualness of regulations condemning speculation. The planned economy of the Soviet state excluded the need for criminal law regulation of competition restrictions. Having first established criminal liability for actions aimed at preventing, restricting or eliminating competition in 1996, the legislator, reducing the repressiveness of the ban, repeatedly edited the provisions of Article 178 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, restraining its practical implementation.
“Understand What the Feelings of the Student Must Be:” Newcomer Youths’ High School Integration Experiences
Authors: Kassan Anusha , Priolo Alissa , Sweeney Natalie C. , Goopy Susanne , Zaidi Rahat
Published: July 2024

The present study was grounded in a social constructionist epistemology with an integrative social justice lens. It highlights the perspectives of one group – that of newcomer youth – from a collective case study exploring the phenomenon of school integration across multiple collaborators in one designated high school. As school integration is a central component in the lives and experiences of newcomer youth, this study aimed to provide insights and lessons learned directly from this group as they were integrating into a high school in Western Canada. In line with the epistemology and research design, the research prioritized participant voices with the goal of affecting change within the designated high school. The central research question guiding this study was: How do participants perceive and describe their experiences of integrating into high school? To address this question, semi-structured, qualitative interviews were conducted with 13 newcomer high school students between the ages of 15 and 19. Upon conducting a thematic analysis on the interview transcripts, five salient themes were developed, including (a) the stress of acculturation, (b) language transition, (c) making connections, (d) navigating academics, and (e) renegotiating life. In this manuscript, the inter-relationship between these themes is discussed in a manner that captures the complex, multifaceted process of school integration. Relatedly, implications are presented.
Impact of multiple coating layers on finished floor slip resistance
Authors: Teska Peter ,   Solenis LLC, Fort Mill, USA, Walter Van , Hug Allegra , Meifert Jennifer ,   Solenis LLC, Fort Mill, USA,   Solenis LLC, Fort Mill, USA,   Solenis LLC, Fort Mill, USA
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Slip, trip and fall (ST&F) events are a cause of significant mortality, hospitalisations and financial expense. Floor conditions are a factor in some portion of ST&F events and thus important to monitor. In commercial buildings, flooring surfaces are often coated with a removable floor finish to protect the floor and provide a consistent walking surface. The relationship between the number of coating layers of a floor finish and the slip resistance, i.e. coefficient of friction, is poorly reported in the literature. In this study, vinyl composite floor tiles were coated with four different floor finishes, varying from 2 to 10 coating layers. The static coefficient of friction (SCOF) was tested using the James Machine and ASTM D2047 to determine whether there was a change in the SCOF/slip resistance and thus the ST&F risk, associated with different numbers of coating layers of finish. The number of coating layers of floor finish did not negatively impact the SCOF/slip resistance of the tiles. This study suggests that maintaining an appropriate layer of floor finish, typically recommended by manufacturers to be four coating layers, provides a slip-resistant walking surface that is not negatively affected by additional coating layers of finish.
Experimental investigation on corrosion resistance and tribological properties of steel coated with glass-reinforced polymer
Authors: Ripeanu Razvan George ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiești, Ploiești, Romania, Dinita Alin , Tanase Maria , Portoaca Alexandra Ileana ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiești, Ploiești, Romania,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiești, Ploiești, Romania,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiești, Ploiești, Romania
Published: July 2024

This work presents a comprehensive electrochemical corrosion analysis conducted on steel coated with glass-reinforced polymer (GRP), low alloy steel and stainless steel, focusing on their performance in a simulated aggressive environment (3 % NaCl). The corrosion rates were established and the corrosion mechanisms governing each material's behaviour were elucidated. By comparing the electrochemical behaviour of these materials, we aim to evaluate the efficacy of GRP coatings in preventing corrosion compared to conventional metallic materials used for pipeline systems. Furthermore, in addition to the corrosion analysis, the coefficient of friction determination between the GRP-coated steel and 25CrMo4 (EN 10083-3) steel was conducted to assess their tribological compatibility. Understanding the frictional behaviour between these materials is essential for optimising pipeline performance, minimising wear and ensuring operational efficiency in dynamic environments encountered in the petroleum and gas industry. The study includes, also, an evaluation of cumulative linear wear to quantify the material loss. This comprehensive approach provides a complete understanding of the interplay between corrosion resistance and mechanical durability.
PREDICTIVE MODELING OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   The Institiute for Artificial Intelligence Research and Development of Serbia: Novi Sad, Serbia, Krtolica Ivana
Published: July 2024

The paper provides an overview of scientific publications and describes the current state in the field of ecological modeling for assessing surface water quality. The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) – based models and their high predictive accuracy in assessment have led to an increasingly frequent use of these models in water management and quality assessment. The ability of artificial neural network models to process data that do not have a linear correlation, which is characteristic of the correlation between biological and chemical parameters, and the capability of large data set modeling, make these models superior to others and enable better monitoring of surface water quality.
INFLUENCE OF ALLOCHTHONOUS AQUATIC VEGETATION ON THE MACROINVERTEBRATE FAUNA OF THE CANAL NETWORK ON THE LEFT BANK OF THE DANUBE
Authors:   Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, Belgrade, Serbia, Raković Maja , Popović Nataša ,   Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, Belgrade, Serbia, Tubić Bojana ,   Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, Belgrade, Serbia, Đuknić Jelena ,   Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, Belgrade, Serbia, Paunović Momir ,   Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, Belgrade, Serbia, Jarić Snežana ,   Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, Belgrade, Serbia, Živković Uroš ,   Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: July 2024

Aquatic plants include a complex group of different adaptable plant species that inhabit different water basins. They are the primary producers, the first link in the food chain, and all other life forms in the aquatic environment depend on them. On the other hand, overgrowth of the canal network with vegetation, especially with new, allochthonous species, has a major impact on the functionality of the system. The pumping stations and the sewer network as a system for protecting agricultural and urban units cannot respond adequately to the new challenges. Hydromorphological changes have a significant impact on the native flora and fauna of the area. Research into the interaction of aquatic plants and macroinvertebrate communities is not only of scientific importance, but also forms the basis for appropriate management of aquatic ecosystems. The aim of the work is to illustrate the changes in the biodiversity caused by the different maintenance of aquatic vegetation in the canal network of the left bank of the Danube.
PERENCANAAN STRATEGIS SISTEM INFORMASI PADA DINAS KOMUNIKASI DAN INFORMATIKA KABUPATEN CILACAP MENGGUNAKAN METODE WARD AND PEPPARD
Authors: Jayanto Marcelinus Tirta , Rahardja Yani
Published: July 2024

Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika bertanggung jawab atas penyelenggaraan urusan pemerintahan di bidang komunikasi, informatika, persandian, dan statistik. Untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi sebagaimana tertuang dalam visi dan misi, diperlukan strategi sistem informasi, teknologi informasi dan strategi bisnis. Melayani masyarakat merupakan tanggung jawab Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD), perangkat daerah di pemerintah provinsi dan kabupaten. Penggunaan sistem informasi sangat penting untuk mendukung aktivitas internal di SKPD dan pelayanan publik. Diskominfo Kabupaten Cilacap harus mampu membuat rencana strategis sistem informasi yang selaras dengan strategi bisnis perusahaan untuk mewujudkannya. Untuk memaksimalkan kepentingan strategis sistem informasi dalam organisasi dan memberikan keunggulan kompetitif, kerangka kerja perencanaan strategis sistem informasi diperlukan saat membuat rencana strategis SI yang baik. Penulis penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode Ward and Peppard untuk mengembangkan rencana strategis sistem informasi yang akan diterapkan di Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Kabupaten Cilacap. Visi dan misi Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Kabupaten Cilacap ditelaah, beserta sasaran strategi bisnis perusahaan, sebagai bagian dari proses perencanaan strategis sistem informasi. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam proses ini meliputi Value Chain, Strengths Weaknesses, Opportunity Threats (SWOT). Hasil dari pendekatan perencanaan strategis ini telah mengarah pada pembuatan portofolio aplikasi yang dipetakan menggunakan McFarlan Strategic Grid. Tujuan  dari penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan sistem informasi untuk memberikan pelayanan publik yang lebih baik kepada masyarakat dan meningkatkan efisiensi kerja pegawai/unsur pimpinan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan.
Characteristics of surface flow field and substrate in the spawning ground of Schizothorax grahami
Authors: Xu Li , Zhou Yang , Cui Weijie , Lu Qun , Liu Jianhu , Duan Cong , He Tao
Published: July 2024

The Spawning ground is a crucial habitat for fish, and the physical characteristics of the habitat are important for fish life history. In this paper, Large-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry (LSPIV) was used to measure the surface flow field and the substrate (particle size and mineral composition) in the spawning ground of Schizothorax grahami. Based on the literature and consideration of experimental feasibility, two spawning grounds in the source of the Chishui River were selected—Erlongqiangbao (located in the mainstream) and Bamaoba (located in the tributary), two and three cross sections of each river section were analyzed respectively. The results show that Erlongqiangbao first flows in the direction of “southeast-northwest” and then “southwest—northeast” after crossing the bridge; the maximum velocity of the reach is 3.374m/s. The size of the substrate is mainly less than 1mm in the upstream section of Erlongqiangbao, both 25-50mm in the middle and downstream, and the substrate type mainly is quartz and calcite; Gushangtian flows in the direction of “southwest-northeast,” the maximum velocity of the reach is 1.537m/s, the size of the substrate is mainly greater than 50mm in the upstream, and 25-50mm in the middle and downstream, the substrate type mainly is quartz, calcite, and dolomite. The mineral compositions of the two spawning sites were analyzed by principal component analysis. Quartz and anorthose are more than 1 in composite scores, respectively ranked first and second, indicating that they play a dominant role in the mineral composition. This study could provide basic data and ideas for restoring S. grahami spawning ground.
K. N. Leontiev in the epistolary chronicle of the St. Andrew’s Skete on Mount Athos (1871–1874)
Authors: Талалай М.Г. , Фетисенко О.Л.
Published: July 2024

В статье подробно рассмотрена неизвестная страница биографии К. Н. Леонтьева — история его пребывания в Андреевском скиту и взаимоотношений со старшей братией этой обители. Материалом послужили недавно обнаруженные в архиве скита, ныне хранящемся в монастыре Ватопед, письма Леонтьева и многочисленные упоминания о нем, выявленные в переписках игумена Феодорита (Крестовникова). Эти документы содержат множество ценных подробностей о самом важном периоде жизни писателя, начавшемся после его религиозного обращения.

K. N. Leontiev’s stay in the Athonite St. Andrew’ Skete in 1871–1872 is an unknown page of his biography. Unique sources discovered in the skete’s archive cover this period in almost detail. The article is based on these sources.
Pengaruh Meaning of Work Terhadap Work Engagement Pada Pengasuh di Panti Sosial
Authors: Amalina Dina , Ariani Lita , Julaibib Julaibib
Published: July 2024

Pengasuh memiliki peran penting dalam memberikan perawatan dan pelayanan kepada lansia di Panti Sosial. Pengasuh juga memiliki tugas pekerjaan yang tidak sedikit, namun pengasuh tetap berkontribusi dalam pekerjaannya secara sukarela tanpa adanya batasan waktu dan tidak dihitung sebagai lembur. Walaupun demikian, pengasuh tetap menjalankan tugas mereka dengan baik karena sudah menganggap lansia memiliki peran tersendiri bagi mereka sehingga pekerjaan tersebut memiliki suatu makna bagi  pengasuh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh meaning of work terhadap work engagement pada pengasuh di panti sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian korelasional. Data akan dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear sederhana dengan bantuan software SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) versi 29.0. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya pengaruh positif signifikan, semakin tinggi meaning of work pengasuh, maka semakin meningkat pula work engagement. Diharapkan hasil dari penelitian ini dapat diimplementasikan dalam organisasi untuk meningkatkan work engagement dan mengoptimalkan persepsi terkait meaning of work.
Faktor Psikologis yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Tawuran Pada Siswa SMK di Kota Bekasi
Authors: Saputra Farhan , Maemun Hafidz Fadzil , Oktian Nur Alim Reza , Pertiwi Yuarini Wahyu
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji hubungan antara perkembangan psikologis pada masa remaja dengan perilaku kenakalan remaja, terutama tawuran.. Peneliti juga mengulas alasan di balik keterlibatan remaja dalam tawuran serta upaya pencegahan yang bisa diterapkan. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, karena pendekatan ini lebih efektif dalam memahami masalah dan fenomena yang ada melalui hasil pengamatan dan analisis langsung. Remaja adalah masa peralihan dari anak-anak menuju dewasa yang ditandai dengan pubertas. Pada tahap ini, remaja mengalami perubahan fisik, mental, dan sosial. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa perkembangan individu pada masa remaja berkaitan dengan perilaku tawuran. Krisis identitas yang dialami oleh siswa menjadi salah satu faktor mereka masih mencari jawaban atas masalah yang dihadapinya. Selain itu, kondisi emosional siswa SMK di Kota Bekasi yang belum stabil dan cenderung meledak-ledak juga menjadi faktor penyebab tawuran antar pelajar.