bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Study on the Anti-Ballistic Properties of Metal Encapsulating Ceramic Composite Armors
Authors: Lu Jiang Ren , Sun Xin Li , Cai Xing Hui , Dong San Qiang , Wang Guo Liang
Published: January 2015

The impact responses and ballistic resistance of the metal encapsulating ceramic composite armors with same area density and two hybrid cores are investigated. The hybrid cores include square metallic lattice with ceramic block insertions, and square metallic lattice with ceramic ball insertions and void-filling epoxy resin. Three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) simulations are carried out for each composite armors impacted by bullet with 12.7mm diameter. The focus is placed on the energy absorption capabilities and ballistic limit velocity of different composite armors. Results indicate that two kind of armors can improve the ballistic resistance properties and save mass of 22% and 25% compared to the homogeneous 4340 steel, respectively.
Numerical Simulation on the Deepwater Effect of Underwater Explosion Shock Wave
Authors: Yang Zhen Jun
Published: January 2015

By the known shock wave pressure curve, the shock wave of the underwater explosion was simulated loading on a specific target, the stress of the surface of the target, pressure value changes at a point as well as the characteristics response of the target. Through the simulation on the role of near-field characteristics of underwater shock wave acting on the target plate, this paper presents a new way to study the underwater explosion. We can get the pathway graph and its corresponding target corresponding renderings through this method. And all these results can guide the synthesis of new explosive formulations and new substances in the underwater explosives research.
Analysis of the Crack of Heavy Dump Truck Cargo Body Floor
Authors: Liu Xiang Yin , Liu Da Wei , Cheng Xiao Dong , Si Min Jie
Published: January 2015

In view of the heavy dump truck occurred cargo body floor cracking problems in the process of using, this paper established cargo body finite element analysis (FEA) model with the shell elements as basic element, and calculated the strength of the cargo body floor by using the Hyperworks (a FEA software). The results of finite element analysis indicate that the crack took place because the stress of the connection of floor and support beam of front plate and the connection of floor and backing plate of turnover bearing was close to or exceed the material yield strength. On the basis of the calculation, we worked out the causes of the abnormal floor crack, which accord with the actual crack case. According to the requirement of practical process, the structure of floor was improved, thus the maximum stress value decreased 30% and 80.9% at two positions respectively, compared with the original structure, this shows that the improved method is effective.
Application of Interface Element in Dynamic Analysis of CFRD
Authors: Zhang Zi Qi , Cen Wei Jun , Yuan Li Na , Chen Ya Nan
Published: January 2015

By introducing joint element with thickness, the joint element with thickness and non-thickness element were used to simulate the contact relationship between the concrete face and cushion and joints, for a certain CFRD for the three dimensional nonlinear finite element static and dynamic calculation and analysis. The results show that: using joint element with thickness is a good way to simulate the contact relationship between the concrete face and cushion, improve panel stress; Compared with non-thickness element, joint element with thickness can improve the dynamic stress of the CFRD better.
Numerical Simulation of the Fiber Pulled out from Steel-Fiber Concrete
Authors: Liu Jun
Published: January 2015

ANSYS finite element analysis software is used to simulate the pull-out process of hooked-end steel fiber from concret in this paper. The contact element is adapted to simulate the interface contact of fiber and concrete, the effect of concrete matrix damage is ignored, the plastic deformation of fibers is considered and the numerical results is good compared with test results. In addition, the effect of some influencing factor on the pull-out process of fibers such as the interface friction coefficient, elastic modulus of matrix, the tensile strength of steel fiber and concrete shrinkage characteristics are discussed.
Immobilization of Papain on Flexible Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Tan Lian , Li Lan Qian , Dong Jing , Liu Zu Lan , Liu Yi Ping , Lu Ming
Published: January 2015

Flexible magnetic nanoparticles decorated with dialdehyde starch (DAS) were developed and used as a novel enzyme support for the covalent conjugation of papain. The analyses of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the preparation of magnetic particles with flexible long molecular chains on their surfaces and conjugation of papain with the Fe3O4-DAS nanoparticles. Considering that the immobilized papain was found to exhibit better tolerance to the variations of temperature and medium pH, an advantage of easy to magnetic separation and lack of negative effect on biological activity, the kind of flexible magnetic bioconjugate support should be a good immobilized enzyme carrier, and has potential application in textile, leather, food industries.
Structure and Performances of Plasticized Melt-Spun Polyacrylonitrile Precursor Fiber
Authors: Liu Shu Ping , Han Ke Qing , Chen Lei , Zheng Ying , Yu Mu Huo
Published: January 2015

The structure and performances of melt-spun PAN precursor fiber were studied by combination of SEM, DSC, UV and so on. The tensile strength of melt-spun PAN precursor fiber is 0.68GPa. The surface is very smooth and the cross-section is around. Due to the partially cyclized structure of melt-spun precursor fiber, the exothermic peak becomes broader with reducing intensity in compared with commercial fibers from solution-spun.
The Influences of Additives on the Corrosion Resistant Properties of Electroless Plating Ni-W-P Alloy on the Aluminum
Authors: Yu Zu Xiao , Hao Shi Xiong , Li Lan , Zheng De Tao
Published: January 2015

To improve the anti-corrosion properties of the aluminum, the electroless plating Ni-W-P on the aluminum is necessary. Investigation was made on the influences of additives (stabilizers and surfactants) on the deposition rate, weight loss corrosion rate, porosity, corrosion current, corrosion potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and webster hardness of electroless plating Ni-W-P alloy coating by electrochemical methods, etc. The results show that the deposition rate and anti-corrosion properties of electroless plating Ni-W-P are obviously improved when the stabilizer KIO3 (1mg/L) is added into plating solution. In addition, the Ni-W-P coating become more dense, uniform and defect-free with the addition of stabilizer KIO3 by comparison with no stabilizer. When the surfactant SDBS (50mg/L) added into bath, the corrosion resistance properties of electroless plating Ni-W-P alloy coating are also obtained.
Nano-Contact Force Calculation Method of Different Tip Radius of Curvature and the Specimen Surface of AFM
Authors: Cheng Guo Dong , Yang Xiao Jing
Published: January 2015

Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) works by the force between the probe tip and specimen surface. The nanocontact force between the probe tip and specimen surface has an important influence on the detection surface. Base on the analysis of the working principle of the AFM and nanocontact force calculation model, according to Hamaker assumptions, using continuum method established the theoretical contact force model of the AFM tip. the contact force calculation methods of contact pressure in process has been obtained. The variation of the force between the probe tip and specimen surface has been found by calculation model and programming calculation of Matlab. Provide the basis for improving the accuracy of an atomic force microscope surface inspection and error analysis
The Characteristics of Chemisorptions on Si (001) Surface
Authors: Zhang Ying Tang , Wu Jun Fang
Published: January 2015

The characteristics of chemisorptions, such as the pseudogap, forbidden bandwidth, energy curve, the trend of Fermi level in the graphics and the density of states at the Fermi level and so on, were given for the chemisorptions of atom on the Si (001) surface from the density of states. From these densities of states’ curves, the characteristics of chemisorptions were analyzed and compared to for different elements absorption on the Si (001) surface. The density of states for chemisorptions is different for the different elements.
Optimization of Thermal Structure of Conduction Cooling HTS Magnet
Authors: Li Xiang , Wu Gang , Bi Ke , Li Yan Fei , Tang Zhi Yin , Zhang Qing Zhi
Published: January 2015

According to the structure feature of HTS magnet, heat transfer process in steady-state conditions is analyzed, and the heat conduction model of magnet unit was established. The thermal structure of conduction cooling HTS magnet was optimized to minimize the maximum temperature difference of magnet unit, and the optimization result was verified with simulation method. Simulation results show the optimization method mentioned in this paper is effective, which can provide a guidance to heat transfer structure design.
Weight Calculation and Operation Adjustment of Factors that Influence Boiler Efficiency
Authors: Gao Fen Fen , Gu Yu Jiong , Zhu Ping , Song Lei
Published: January 2015

For the problem that factors influencing boiler efficiency are complex and have strong coupling, Firstly, artificial neural network was used to establish the model of boiler efficiency, sensitivity analysis based on the model was introduced to calculate the sensitivity coefficient ,which reflecting the weights of input parameters on output indicators. According to the orders of weights, the main factors were chosen to be paid more attention and adjusted. Secondly, considering the effects of power and ambient temperature, the target-value of parameters in various conditions were obtained based on fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm, and were introduced as accordance for operation adjustment . The boiler efficiency of 600MW coal-fired boiler in Tashan plant was studied, the results indicate that the method can improve the economy of boiler effectively, guide operators to improve the pertinence of operation adjustment and have a certain significance in making the direction of operation adjustment clear.
Shearing Property Study on PC Box-Girder Bridge with Corrugated Webs
Authors: Xie Lan , He Guo Jing
Published: January 2015

PC box-girder bridge with corrugated webs is a new kind of bridge, which named by the thin steel webs replacing thick concrete webs. It is applied abroad in China recently, which attracts attention for its shearing property. Because of lacking relative design and construction code interiorly, the related data of Mi-Luo-Jiang bridge was used in the study with the software ANSYS 10.0. The shearing property and bucking stability of Mi-Luo-Jiang bridge were studied and a theory was verified: corrugated webs do not bear moment and axial force. Besides, the result that the decisive parameter of shearing property of Mi-Luo-Jiang bridge should be allowable shear stress is obtained. The other study had been done on buckling stability of box-girder bridge with different corrugated shapes, maintaining other parameters invariant. Finally, the optimal scope of lateral plane length is [0.2,0.4], and the optimal scope of folded angle is [20º,50º]. The parameters used in Mi-Luo-Jiang bridge is verified as the best value. This study is meaningful and the results can be applied in the design and construction of the same type bridge.
Differential Settlement among Diaphragm Wall and Upright Column Piles
Authors: Chen Yin Hui , Ma Yan Chao , Ma He Ya
Published: January 2015

According to a recent development of environmental geotechnical engineering, geotechnical engineering environment connotation , characteristics, and related disciplines aspects of the relationship are summarized and explained. The definition proposed environmental geotechnology views, a brief analysis of urban construction in common environmental geotechnical problems and propose appropriate countermeasures . Finally, emphasize the potential environmental geotechnology great, to be able to further develop and improve in theory and in practice.
Existing Frame Structure Seismic Capability Based on the Theory of the Reliability Analysis Method for Basic Research
Authors: Sun Lai Te , Bai Yu , Lu Yao , Zhang Ting
Published: January 2015

The application in analytic hierarchy process and a second order moment method based on the practical simplified methods to analyze the reliability of existing structures, the reliability of each component in the floor according to the weight function is combined into the reliability of floor, floor of the minimum reliability as system reliability; Frame structure under the action of earthquake occurred shear failure as the main failure mode of structure, the shear capacity of column minus its share of the earthquake action is defined as the seismic reliability analysis of functions; Choose an engineering example illustrates the existing practical method for the seismic reliability analysis of frame structure.
The Method of Satellite Autonomous Orbit Determination Based on Star and Sun Sensor Wireless System
Authors: Liu Jing , Pan Xiao Gang
Published: January 2015

The method of satellite orbit determination on real time was proposed based on star sensor and sun sensor. According to the wireless net composed by star sensor and sun sensor, the kinematics orbit data of satellite will be generated. With the restriction of kinematics model, the parameters in dynamic model such as atmosphere index and sunlight radiation index could be estimated accurately with appropriate algorithm. For the non-linear characteristic of the dynamic model, the UKF estimator was put forward to restrain the interceptive error. The simulation experiment results shown that the method of satellite orbit determination based on UKF method and wireless net data system based on star sensor and sun sensor was excellent to adapt the complex space circumstance, and can generate high precise orbit.
Construction of the Safety Risk Monitoring of Tailings Based on Big Data of Information Platform
Authors: Zhao Li Bing , Wang Wei Dong , Meng Ao Shu , Liang Bing
Published: January 2015

The premise of getting tailings safety risk monitoring data of timely "efficient" and accurate is to analyze the tailings security management mechanism and build a reasonable mine safety management system, And this problem can be solved by Big Data management. In this paper, study on the necessity of large data of tailings established、the advantage in solving the problem of tailings safety risk monitoring of big data、system construction、bring to potential problems of using Big Data to security management of tailings and workaround.
Schur Decomposition for Unitary Symmetric Matrix
Authors: Xu Cheng Feng
Published: January 2015

In this paper, we study the Schur decomposition for unitary symmetric matrices: The formula for the Schur decomposition is obtained, and the relationship of the unitary symmetric matrix with mother matrix is also obtained.
Transparent and Light-Emitting Epoxy Nanocomposites Filled with Dodecylamine-Capped CdSe Quantum Dots
Authors: Chen Ling Ling
Published: January 2015

An effective approach was used to disperse CdSe quantum dots (QDs) into epoxy matrix and prepare highly transparent luminescent CdSe–epoxy nanocomposites. Dodecylamine-capped CdSe QDs were obtained through self-assembly of carbon chains of as-synthesized QDs and dodecylamine. It was found that dodecylamine-capped CdSe QDs demonstrate a homogeneous dispersion within epoxy matrix, thus the prepared CdSe–epoxy nanocomposites expressed transparence in the visible region and also light-emitting.
The Experimental Study on "Soft Start" of Mine Permanent Magnet Coupling
Authors: Wang Gui Juan
Published: January 2015

The "soft start" problem was studied for magnetic coupling in coal mine by experimental method. At first, the starting condition of magnetic coupling was analysed. Aaccording to the load characteristics of conveyor. Secondly, the torque characteristic curve, speed characteristic curve and current starting curve were plotted using the experimental data. From three kinds of characteristic curve we have conclusion that the output torque and output speed is much less than the input torque and input speed, the starting current value with the load was less than the starting current value when directly connected. That means magnetic coupling with the soft start characteristic.
The Creative Application of Halftone Technology
Authors: Lei Hong Yuan
Published: January 2015

This paper has designed several creative application of Halftone stippling for the convenience of digital processing. It processes images to gain stippling images with different effects by using AM and FM; it also produces 3D Halftone art based on pits effect and raised effect of Relief; Besides, the paper also analyzes the processing method of stippling with paper-cutting effect and the center point’s homogenization treatment with Voronoi diagram. With easy and simple processing, the methods proposed in this paper can be used widely in such areas as landscape, wall decoration, product design, toy design and so on.
Influence Characteristics of Fluid Film Bearing’s Displacement-Load on Rotating Vibration of Rotor System
Authors: Lin Xi Chen , Zhou Rui Ping , Xiao Neng Qi
Published: January 2015

In high load-carrying bearing-rotor system, bearings’ places usually change for load distribution or in continual work. It influences the system’s stability, and brings out different vibration response in rotor system. This article puts forward mathematical model of bearing’s stiffness under load which is calculated from bearing displacement. Then through numerical integration it studies system’s rotating vibration with different bearing settings. The results of the analysis show that bearing displacement has a great effect on dynamic characteristics of the bearing-rotor system.
Study on the Production and Uses of Self Discharging Carriage
Authors: Huang Zong Jing
Published: January 2015

Through an overview to understand the basic situation of tilting back self dumping truck. Design and manufacture of the overall carriage, chassis, carriage structure, sub frame respectively to complete the overall design and manufacture of self discharging carriage. The self discharging carriage has a variety of series, according to the different characteristics and performances of each series the carriages are used in different areas.
The Summary of the Inverter Used in PV System
Authors: Ma You Jie , Wang Shuai , Zhou Xue Song
Published: January 2015

the inverter is one of the key technologies in PV system. It transforms the DC power output by the PV panel to AC power that the grid needs. The main technologies of the inverter are the circuit topology and the control tactic. The circuit topologies of inverter including the frequency isolated PV grid-connected inverters, the high-frequency isolated PV grid-connected inverter, the single-stage non-isolated PV grid-connect inverter and the multi-level non-isolated PV grid-connected inverter. The control tactics including the voltage oriented control (VOC), the voltage-based direct power control (V-DPC), the virtual-flux oriented control (VFOC) and the virtual-flux based direct power control (VF-DPC).
Research on Automobile Engine Failure Recognition Technology Based on Improved PSO-RVM Algorithm
Authors: Jin Huan
Published: January 2015

For vehicles in use, may be due to an engine misfire malfunction problem, a new and improved intelligent diagnosis method. The establishment of a volume fraction and fire fault automobile exhaust gases generated mapping between various reasons for data normalization processing for machine training, the trained models relevance vector machine used in failure analysis, classification diagnosis. The algorithm of the penalty factor and radial basis kernel function parameters on classification accuracy rate has a great impact, the use of super-particle swarm optimization parameters. Relevance vector machine model to optimize the trained and now mature neural networks and genetic algorithms support vector machine method were compared with experimental results show that the new method than the traditional methods have some improvement in diagnostic accuracy and robustness aspects .
Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of S-Doped Anatase TiO2
Authors: Zeng Wei , Liu Qi Jun , Liu Zheng Tang
Published: January 2015

Structural, electronic and optical properties of S-doped anatase TiO2 have been investigated using the first-principles density-functional theory. The band structure and density of states show that the band gap of anatase TiO2 narrows due to the presence of the S-3p energy level in the top of the valence bands. Compared with the optical absorption edge of the undoped anatase TiO2, the optical absorption edge of S-doped anatase TiO2 shifts to a lower energy, which indicates that S-doped anatase TiO2 can be used for visible-light absorption applications.
The Current Research on Distribution Automation System
Authors: Ma You Jie , Wang De Xiang , Zhou Xue Song
Published: January 2015

A distribution system consists of all sorts of power distribution equipment, communication system and control equipment. It works according to certain rules to meet the demand of users by the high quality of electric energy. Distribution Automation(DA) can realize the automation of system operation and management to provide customers with stable, reliable electricity and obtain maximum benefits .This paper generally introduces the concept, function, developing future of Distribution Automation System. Distribution Automation includes feeder automation, automatic distribution management and user automation, and this paper introduces the basic situation and problems of them. Finally, it is concluded that Distribution Automation is the inevitable trend of Distribution System，and will be gradually developing in the direction of smart distribution grid.
The Development and Design of Online Examination System Based on ASP.NET
Authors: Li Zhi Xue
Published: January 2015

Design of an online examination system.Among the system overview, system requirements are analyzed, the development environment is Visual Studio 2008, the database is SQL Server 2005. The overall design of the system contains the design of the system architecture and overall system functional module. The function module includes the lander module and administrator module. The design of the database is completed through the design of database logical structure and database conceptual structure.
A Optimization Traffic Grooming Algorithm Based on Bidirectional SONET Ring Topology Network
Authors: Cui Su Xia
Published: January 2015

The issue of WDM network traffic grooming has been a hot in the field of research. The implementation of traffic grooming technology can improve the utilization of wavelength channels, reducing the link delay and the blocking rate of the network, which to improve network resource utilization and optimize network performance. This article mainly studies all-optical network routing algorithm utilizing WDM technology to achieve the dynamic traffic grooming and propose a optimization grooming policy -HaffmanGroom (M) algorithms which based on SONET / WDM ring network. The most important feature of this algorithm is that the SONET / WDM ring network of multiple multicast request packet , with a minimum weight of the light path priority selection method, the flow of requests each group effectively optimize ease . The algorithm takes into account the impact of the link request factor and link hops to optimize the link selection. The simulation results show that under the conditions of factors and the number of hop a request fully consider the impact of these two factors to the link, and can achieve optimal link with the smallest weights for effective data transmission, improving resource utilization, reducing blocking rate in order to achieve the purpose of optimizing network performance.
Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beam for Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic
Authors: Huang Nan , Li Hui , Xu Ping Fei
Published: January 2015

The flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by CFRP is analyzed by using the way which connected tests with finite element simulation.First,through the test to get the load data of one unstrengthened and one strengthened reinforced concrete beam.Then,the finite element model is carried out based on Ansys finite element analysis software.The reinforced beam carrying capacity is improved based on the test data and finite element calculation results.Steel bars stress change curve, CFRP stress curve and the load displacement curves are in good agreement with experimental results.
Numerical Design of High Drainage Roadway Location in Fully Mechanized Coal Face
Authors: Yan Yong Sheng , Zhang Jing Zhao , Yan Zhen Guo , Wang Hong Gang
Published: January 2015

The numerical tests of the optimized high drainage roadway location in a fully mechanized coal face were conducted with different vertical distances and horizontal distances. The results show that higher vertical distance of high drainage roadway is beneficial for upper corner safety and gas control, and the optimal vertical distance of the high drainage roadway in the studied coal face is 30m-45m, and the best horizontal distance is about 30m.
Research on Electric-Fluid Mechanics with Intermittent Oscillatory of RCC Circuit
Authors: Hou Wei Zhou
Published: January 2015

RCC circuit (self-oscillating flyback converter) is a kind of high efficient working circuit by use of several devices, but excessive control current will cause the occur of intermittent oscillation. And then the oscillation frequency of the circuit change in a large scope (from hundreds of hertz to several thousand hertz). In addition, the output power is more likely to make the transformer device to produce abnormal noise. However, this phenomenon is not completely useless. After improving the RCC circuit can be conclude that the circuit can start in applying a pulse signal if the output power is small. The switch circuit operates in low-power state by means of intermittent oscillation. The result is that RCC circuit have high performance price ratio and low cost, so it is a widely used in high performance power supply equipment.
Research on Construction Engineering with Data Processing in the Endowment Real Estate Financing Efficiency Evaluation
Authors: Lu Mei , Hao Qing Bo
Published: January 2015

China's ageing population, Pension construction engineering is imperative, the root cause of the slow development in China's pension cause is money problems, project financing is the preferred way for solve this problemProject financing as a new financing mode in the world grew rapidly and is becoming more and more get people's attention.Investment project is feasible and can smooth implementation, to a large extent depends on the success or failure of project financing.Especially old real estate investment is high, long payback period, will not be able to attract developers investment restricts the development of China's aging property, the reasonable choice of the mode of financing is of great significance to endowment real estate development, based on summarizing the domestic and foreign existing various financing model to analyze it, and then in the same quadrant of the financing mode F - AHP analysis method, according to different project financing mode for further optimization.
Study on Reinforcement of Artificial Boundary Pillar Using Slope-Toe-Enclosure Compound with Prestressed Cable-Bolts
Authors: Du Wen , You Chun An , Li Yuan Yuan
Published: January 2015

Region around slope-toe about to yield and fail in advance due to stress concentration. An implement scheme of reinforcement is discussed in this paper following systematic calculation of specific parameters, in which cable-bolts spacing, dip angle, force and length of anchorage included. Application of this method results in effectively reinforcement of slope by containing plastic area at toe and sliding face.
Research on Architecture Design of Multi-Storey Residential in West City
Authors: Guo Ya
Published: January 2015

This paper analyzes the significance of building design from the architectural design and urban relations, architecture and cultural relations, architecture and human relations. The residential building design idea of western area is put forward which reflects the comfort, rationality and unity. According to the Western climate conditions, design of multi-storey residential building must be consistent with the western people's living habits as the basis, to meet the different needs of people living in Western regions.
A Study of Hot Corrosion Behaviour of NiAl Coatings in an Aggressive Environment
Authors: Kianicová Marta , Kafrik Jan
Published: January 2015

The microstructure and corrosion behaviour was studied for a diffusionβ-NiAl and Si modifiedβ-NiAl coatings formed on the superalloy MAR-M 247. First type,β-NiAl coating was applied with the help of method “out-of-pack”. Second type, Si modifiedβ-NiAl coating was applied by method “pack-cementation”. Diffusion coatings created protective, heat-activated layer which separated superalloy from aggressive environment. Corrosive environment was created by tablets Na2SO4at 900°C. Technique of scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDS) was used to characterize the corrosion products. Experiment confirmed the advantages relating to the application of diffusion coating in aggressive environment which imitated environmental condition during operation of turbine engine. This experiment was made in cooperation with company PBS Velká Bíteš a. s., Velká Bíteš, Czech Republic and The Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Katowice, Poland.
Strategic Investments of Restructured Metallurgical Companies in Sustainability Business
Authors: Gajdzik Bożena , Janiszewski Krystian , Szymszal Jan
Published: January 2015

The article presents the strategic investments implemented in metallurgical enterprises in Poland in time of economical changes. After 1989 Polish steelwork plants started restructuring process connected with technological investments. Polish steelwork plants became a part of foreign capital groups or domestic capital groups. Privatised metallurgical enterprises after economic transformation gradually implemented new technology to their business activities. In the publication an overview of the definitions of strategic and development investments was conducted together with the presentation of the key investments which influence the sustainability of the business in the metallurgical enterprise on Polish market. As a case study was used ArcelorMittal Poland company. In 2004 international concern LNM (ArcelorMittal Poland today) bought the biggest Polish steelwork plants. Since that time the capital group invested 3 billion zlotys in new technology and modernization of the plants. Key strategic investment projects in the company were characterized in the paper.
Analysis of the Possibilities Using of the Post-Reaction Gases Enthalpy from the Ferrosilicon Smelting Process
Authors: Bialik Wojciech , Machulec Bolesław
Published: January 2015

The paper presents an analysis of the possibilities of using the enthalpy of post-reaction gases from the ferrosilicon smelting process to produce electricity. Ferrosilicon smelting in the submerged arc furnace is one of the most energy-consuming electro thermal processes. Post-reaction gases, generated during the silica reduction process with carbon, contain significant amounts of energy. In the past the issue of energy recovery from the ferrosilicon process has been repeatedly taken, but for the Polish ferroalloy industry it is still valid. In order to determine the amount of energy possible for recovery calculations based on mass and energy balances has been carried out and determined the stream enthalpy of post processing gas. For preparing the balance sheets has been used operational data from the 20 MVA furnace and the overall reaction of the silica reduction process. It was assumed that the reduction process occurs at a temperature of 1650°C, and the temperature of leaving post-reaction gas, whose main ingredients are oxides CO and SiO, is 750°C.
Fatigue Behaviour of Carbide Precipitation Hardened Austenitic Steels
Authors: Ducki Kazimierz J. , Cieśla Marek , Junak Grzegorz , Wojtynek Lilianna
Published: January 2015

The paper presents the results of investigations of the microstructure and fatigue behaviour of two newly invented Cr-Ni and Cr-Ni-Mn austenitic steels of 13/13 and 12/8/8 type strengthened through carbide particle precipitation. The specimens of the investigated steels were subjected to tests after heat treatment, i.e. solution heat treatment (1200°C/0.5 h/water) and aged at a temperature of 700°C for 12 h, with cooling in air. The heat treated specimens were then subjected to low-cycle fatigue tests (LCF), carried out at room temperature and at an increased temperature of 600°C. Diagrams of fatigue characteristics of the investigated steels at room temperature as well as at elevated temperature have been worked up. It has been found that during low-cycle fatigue tests, at both temperatures, the investigated austenitic steels indicated a fatigue softening effect. The results of LCF at room temperature showed that the fatigue durability (Nt) of both austenitic steels is located in the range 0.8÷1.3×103 cycles. The results of low-cycle fatigue tests at an increased temperature 600°C indicated that the fatigue durability of the investigated steel was lower, and is located in the range Nt = 0.5÷0.6×103 cycles. It has been pointed out that the investigated austenitic steels are characterized by a stability of structure in conditions of cyclic fatigue.
The Influence of the Solutionizing and Ageing on the Structure and Hardness of the ZnAl40Cu3 Alloy
Authors: Michalik Rafał , Chmiela Bartosz
Published: January 2015

Zn-Al alloys are mainly used due to their tribological properties as an alternative material for bronze, cast irons and aluminum in a bearings and as a construction material. Particular interesting is Zn-40Al-3Cu alloy due to its features. Improvement of the alloy’s features can be obtained by silicon addition, plastic working, heat treatment – solutionizing and ageing. In the article have been shown results of the ZnAl22Cu3 alloy examination as - cast and subjected solutionizing and ageing 385 oC/10h + 175 oC/1h and 385 oC/10h + 175 oC/10h. The scope of examination included: structure testing using scanning microscope, X - ray microanalysis, hardness test. There was found significant decrease of hardness of the tested alloy. Structural examinations have shown that initially in the structure were visible precipitates reach in aluminum and copper. Also were visible precipitates reach in zinc. With increasing time of soaking at 175 oC precipitates reach in aluminum and copper disappeared.
Defective Selection of Thymic Regulatory T Cells Accompanies Autoimmunity and Pulmonary Infiltrates in Tcra-Deficient Mice Double Transgenic for Human La/Sjögren’s Syndrome-B and Human La-Specific TCR
Authors: Yaciuk Jane C. , Pan Yujun , Schwarz Karen , Pan Zi-jian , Maier-Moore Jacen S. , Kosanke Stanley D. , Lawrence Christina , Farris A. Darise
Published: January 2015

A human La/Sjögren’s syndrome-B (hLa)–specific TCR/hLa neo–self-Ag double-transgenic (Tg) mouse model was developed and used to investigate cellular tolerance and autoimmunity to the ubiquitous RNA-binding La Ag often targeted in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren’s syndrome. Extensive thymic clonal deletion of CD4+ T cells occurred in H-2k/k double-Tg mice presenting high levels of the I-Ek–restricted hLa T cell epitope. In contrast, deletion was less extensive in H-2k/b double-Tg mice presenting lower levels of the epitope, and some surviving thymocytes were positively selected as thymic regulatory T cells (tTreg). These mice remained serologically tolerant to hLa and healthy. H-2k/b double-Tg mice deficient of all endogenous Tcra genes, a deficiency known to impair Treg development and function, produced IgG anti-hLa autoantibodies and displayed defective tTreg development. These autoimmune mice had interstitial lung disease characterized by lymphocytic aggregates containing Tg T cells with an activated, effector memory phenotype. Salivary gland infiltrates were notably absent. Thus, expression of nuclear hLa Ag induces thymic clonal deletion and tTreg selection, and lymphocytic infiltration of the lung is a consequence of La-specific CD4+ T cell autoimmunity.
Physico-chemical characterization and antimicrobial activity of Ceiba pentandra (Kapok) seed oil
Authors: Chekuboyina Ravi Kiran , Pagolu Koteswara Rao , Dadi Bhaskar Rao , Nagala Sirisha , Tamanam Raghava Rao
Published: January 2015

Oil extracted from Ceiba pentandra seed was studied to explore its suitability for ethnomedical uses with a special emphasis on its physiochemical characterization, antimicrobial behavior and spectrophotometric parameters. Some of the physiochemical properties were examined and compared with those of standard oils and, in particular, any common characteristics with cotton seed oil were evaluated. Spectrophotometric analysis of oil was carried out to obtain information regarding the types, numbers and position of chromophores and auxochrome, and saturated and unsaturated compounds. Crude Ceiba pentandra oil was found to show good to moderate activity against bacteria, and in particular Gram +ve (B. cereus, B. subtilis and S. aureus) and Gram -Ve (E. coli and P. aeurignosa) and fungal stains, more specifically Aspergillus flavans, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Maximum activity was observed on bacterial strains compared with fungal strains. Among bacteria, Bacillus subtilis was highly sensitive; fungi were less susceptible to oil and Saccharomyces cerivisiae were the most susceptible. Minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations of the seed oil varied between 3 to 10 mg/50 μL against all bacterial and fungal strains used in this study. In conclusion, Ceiba pentandra oil is a natural antimicrobial agent and could have therapeutic potential.
The effects of the Moon's shadow and pre-shadow on the artificial satellites motion
Authors: Khalil Khalil I. , Abd El-Hameed Afaf M.
Published: January 2015

The perturbations due to the solar radiation pressure forces on the Earth's artificial satellites have been given taking into account the Moon's shadow and pre-shadow effects. The formulae are convenient when the perturbed forces are obtained by numerical methods. The study shows that the cylindrical model of the shadow is insufficient and that the conic shadow model including the pre-shadow gives more accurate results.
Inherited Cardiac Disease
Authors: Charron Philippe
Published: January 2015

Major advances have been achieved over the two last decades in the field of genetic cardiovascular diseases, not only through increased recognition and understanding of underlying molecular defects but also through rapid translation of knowledge into clinical practice [...]
Generationing, stealthing, and gift giving: the intentional transmission of HIV by HIV-positive men to their HIV-negative sex partners
Authors: Klein Hugh
Published: January 2015

Gift giving is the process by which an HIV-positive person purposely infects an HIV-negative person with HIV, usually with that person’s knowledge and consent. Little has been written about this HIV transmission practice. In this paper, two specific types of gift giving – generationing and stealthing – are explained and introduced to the scientific literature. Generationing is a type of gift giving in which one gift giver successfully infects a previously-uninfected man with HIV, and then the two men collaborate in an effort to seroconvert another man, and so forth. Stealthing is another type of gift giving in which an HIV-positive man actively tries to infect an HIV-negative man with HIV, without the latter’s knowledge or consent. The present study reports on the prevalence of gift giving (4.6%) in a population of men who use the Internet specifically to identify partners for unprotected sex. The research is based on a national random sample of 332 men who have sex with men, identified from 16 websites. Data were collected via telephone interviews conducted between January 2008 and May 2009. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings for HIV prevention and intervention efforts. Most notably, to the extent that generationing, stealthing, and gift giving occur among MSM, they represent a very high risk of HIV transmission. More work needs to be done to understand these behaviors, the factors that underlie them, and to determine how prevalent they are in the bare-backing population of MSM.
The functional role of resignation orientation on goal engagement, self-esteem, life satisfaction, and depression
Authors: Asano Kenichi , Ishimura Ikuo , Kodama Masahiro
Published: January 2015

Several studies in Europe and North America have highlighted the importance of resignation or giving up. Research has shown that resignation is as important as goal attainment. Hence, this study examines, using path analysis, the effect of resignation orientation on goal disengagement and reengagement. Furthermore, this study attempts to clarify the implication of resignation orientation for elements of mental well-being. Questionnaires were completed by 261 Japanese college students. Results showed that proactive resignation orientation promotes reestablishment of alternative goals while negative resignation orientation encourages disengagement of the unattainable goals. The findings help explain the functional role of resignation orientation and can inform the development of treatment for resignation-related depression.
Thrips species diversity in urban green spaces of Hangzhou (Zhejiang Province), China
Authors: Mirab-balou M. , Tong X.L. , Chen X.X.
Published: January 2015

Research was conducted on the fauna of Thysanoptera in the urban green spaces of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, during 2008- 2012. The thrips were collected in different plant communities (mainly in parks) in the city. A total of 26 species from 19 genera in three different families were collected, among them Scolothrips latipennis Priesner, which is newly recorded for the fauna of China. New distribution records of seven species in China are reported. Results of the research indicate that the fauna of thrips of green areas of Hangzhou was quite abundant and diversified, and the occurrence of Selenothrips, Scirtothrips, Thrips, Frankliniella and Haplothrips species seems diverse and should be investigated further.
Knee Glomangioma: A Rare Location for a Glomus Tumor
Authors: Gonçalves Ricardo , Lopes Ana , Júlio Clara , Durão Carlos , de Mello Ramon Andrade
Published: January 2015

Glomus tumor is a rare, benign neoplasm rising from the glomus apparatus of the skin. It occurs most frequently on fingers and toes and accounts for 1.6% of all soft tissue tumors. Clinical diagnosis may prove difficult if the tumor occurs on an extra digital location. We report a case of a vascular-type glomus tumor (glomangioma) found in an atypical location, namely the lateral aspect of the knee joint.
Intrinsic rewards and work engagement in the South African retail industry
Authors: Jacobs Sara , Renard Michelle , Snelgar Robin J.
Published: January 2015

Orientation: There is a lack of South African research relating to the provision of intrinsic rewards to retail employees.Research purpose: The purpose of this research was to determine whether there is a relationship between intrinsic rewards and work engagement in the South African retail industry. Furthermore, it sought to validate an instrument to measure intrinsic rewards within the South African context.Motivation for the study: There is currently a paucity of research exploring intrinsic rewards, specifically their importance for work engagement. Furthermore, there is a lack of instruments validated in South Africa that can be used to measure intrinsic rewards.Research approach, design and method: This quantitative study was conducted using a cross-sectional design and non-probability sampling of 181 employees from a South African retail organisation. The questionnaire included a demographic section, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and the Work Engagement Profile.Main findings: Statistically significant, positive relationships were found between all subscales of the two instruments. There were significant differences in the means for intrinsic rewards and work engagement for gender and age. Notably, the exploratory factor analysis for both instruments did not support the factor structure indicated in the literature.Practical/managerial implications: South African retail organisations should create work environments that provide intrinsic rewards as part of their reward package, to encourage work engagement.Contribution/value-add: These findings add to the current body of literature regarding intrinsic rewards and work engagement and provide insight into variables that promote work engagement within the South African retail context.
Локально чебышевские множества на плоскости
Authors: Flerov Aleksandr Alekseevich
Published: January 2015

Вводится понятие локально чебышевского множества
и исследуется взаимосвязь чебышевских и локально
чебышевских множеств на плоскости. Показано, что
всякое связное замкнутое локально чебышевское
множество в произвольном двумерном банаховом
пространстве является чебышевским, и что всякое
чебышевское множество является локально чебышевским
тогда и только тогда, когда пространство строго
выпукло.
Библиография: 8 названий.
О регулярности решений задачи Коши для уравнения Захарова-Кузнецова в нормах Гeльдера
Authors: Antonova Anastasija P , Faminskii Andrei Vadimovich
Published: January 2015

Рассмотрен вопрос о внутренней регулярности обобщенных
решений задачи Коши для уравнения Захарова-Кузнецова.
Установлены результаты о существовании у данных решений
производных, непрерывных по Гeльдеру. В основе исследования
лежат свойства фундаментального решения соответствующего
линеаризованного уравнения.
Библиография: 9 названий.
$n$-Кочистые проективные модули
Authors: Zenghui Gao
Published: January 2015

Пусть $R$ - кольцо, $n$ - фиксированное неотрицательное целое число, а $\mathcal{F}_n$ - класс всех левых $R$-модулей плоской размерности, не большей $n$. Левый $R$-модуль $M$ называется $n$-кочистым проективным, если $\operatorname{Ext}_R^1(M,F)=0$ для любого $F\in \mathcal{F}_n$. Приводится несколько примеров, показывающих, что $n$-кочистые проективные модули не обязательно
являются $m$-кочистыми проективными при $m>n$. Далее дается характеристика хорошо известных QF колец и IF колец в терминах $n$-{\allowbreak}кочистых проективных модулей. Наконец, доказывается, что кольцо $R$ будет относительным левым наследственным, если и только если каждый подмодуль проективных (или свободных) левых $R$-модулей является $n$-кочистым проективным, и если и только если $\operatorname{id}_R(N)\leqslant 1$ для каждого левого $R$-модуля $N$ с $N\in \mathcal{F}_n$.
Библиография: 21 название.