bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theεv/εa–p′ method for the determination of instability of granular soils under constant shear drained stress path
Authors: Ahmed Shabir , Vinod J.S. , Sheikh M. Neaz , Fourie Andy , Reid David
Published: January 2022

Past studies suggested various methods to determine the onset of instability of soil under constant shear drained (CSD) stress path using triaxial equipment. These methods were based on the characteristic features observed on the CSD stress path, axial and volumetric strains. However, the characteristic features are not similar for every soil leading to inconsistencies in predicting the onset of instability under the CSD stress path. This paper presents a strain ratio (εv/εa) – mean effective stress (p′) based method for determining the onset of instability of sand in the CSD stress path. The proposed method identifies the onset of instability at the drop of the εv/εa–p′ curve and features a distinctive value to mark the onset of instability. A series of CSD tests have been carried out on sand samples to verify the applicability of the proposed method. The proposed method captured the onset of instability similar to the other methods available in the literature.
Key factors influencing productivity of whole-tree ground-based felling equipment commonly used in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Lahrsen Steffen , Mologni Omar , Magalhães Juliana , Grigolato Stefano , Röser Dominik
Published: January 2022

Around the globe, various types of forest machinery are employed to conduct fully mechanized ground-based timber harvesting. In the Pacific Northwest, the whole-tree harvesting method remains dominant. While machine-integrated sensors provide accurate productivity information in the cut-to-length harvesting method, productivity is more complicated to determine in whole-tree harvesting. This literature review compiles and analyses the existing evidence on productivity studies of feller–bunchers and feller–directors in a systematic manner and identifies the factors influencing machine productivity. The study indicates that most of the previous research was conducted in North America, particularly in Canada. It was also found that a considerable portion of the literature lacked statistical analysis. Piece size, slope, and silvicultural treatment were the most commonly studied productivity-influencing factors among the results. Although there is already a general understanding of the most important factors influencing the productivity of feller–bunchers and feller–directors, there is still a lack of accurate measurement and isolation of individual factors to facilitate accurate productivity prediction. Further research is needed for the development of systems that use integrated sensors capable of estimating machine productivity. Updated productivity models will optimize harvesting operations, identify bottlenecks, and allow for the development of best practices.
Short-term legacy effects of feedlot manure amendments on surface soil CO2 efflux under irrigated silage barley in Southern Alberta
Authors: Miller J.J. , Owen M.L. , Drury C.F. , Chanasyk D.S.
Published: January 2022

The short-term legacy effects following long-term (17 yr) feedlot manure application on CO2 efflux for a surface soil (clay loam) were studied over 2 yr (2016–2017) on a Dark Brown Chernozem in southern Alberta. The five treatments were stockpiled (SM) or composted (CM) manure with either straw (ST) or wood-chips (WD) bedding applied at 77 Mg·ha−1 (dry wt.) and an unamended control (CON). Surface soil efflux was measured during the growing season of the 2 yr using the dynamic, closed-chamber method. Ancillary measurements (soil water and temperature, total carbon, bulk density) were also obtained. Soil CO2 efflux was similar (P > 0.05) among the four amended treatments in the first (0.63–0.86 g·m−2·h−1) and second (0.40–0.46 g·m−2·h−1) years. However, soil CO2 efflux was significantly greater for amended than unamended treatments by 54–110% in the first year (CON = 0.41 g·m−2·h−1) and by 33–53% in the second year (CON = 0.30 g·m−2·h−1). Soil CO2 efflux was similar for SM and CM in both years and was significantly greater for WD than ST bedding in the first but not second year. Weak positive correlations (r ≤ 0.39) occurred between soil CO2 efflux and total soil C, water-filled pore space (WFPS), and soil temperature. Overall, our findings suggested that legacy effects of manure may persist for 1–2 yr following discontinued applications, but are mostly restricted to greater soil CO2 efflux for amended than unamended soils.
Equivariant fixed point formulae and Toeplitz operators under Hamiltonian torus actions and remarks on equivariant asymptotic expansions
Authors: Galasso Andrea
Published: January 2022

Suppose given a holomorphic and Hamiltonian action of a compact torus on a polarized Hodge manifold. Assume that the action lifts to the quantizing line bundle, so that there is an induced unitary representation of the torus on the associated Hardy space which decomposes into isotypes. The main result of this paper is the description of asymptotics along rays in weight space of traces of equivariant Toeplitz operators composed with quantomorphisms for the torus action. The main ingredient in the proof is the micro-local analysis of the equivariant Szegő kernels. As a particular case we obtain a simple approach for asymptotics of the Lefschetz fixed point formula and traces of Toeplitz operators in the setting of ladder representations. We also consider equivariant asymptotic when the decomposition given by the standard circle action is taken into account, in this case one can recall previous results of X. Ma and W. Zhang or of R. Paoletti. We address some explicit computations for the action of the special unitary group of dimension two.
Type III contractions and quintic threefolds
Authors: Grzelakowski Kacper
Published: January 2022

We study type III contractions of Calabi–Yau threefolds containing a ruled surface over a smooth curve. We discuss the conditions necessary for the image threefold to be smoothable. We describe the change in Hodge numbers caused by this contraction and smoothing deformation. A generalization of a formula for calculating Hodge numbers of hypersurfaces in [Formula: see text] with ordinary double and triple points is presented. We use these results to construct new Calabi–Yau threefolds of Picard rank two arising from a family of quintic threefolds containing a cone.
Pauli oscillator in noncommutative space
Authors: Heddar Mebarek , Falek Mokhtar , Moumni Mustafa , Lütfüoğlu Bekir Can
Published: January 2022

In this study, we investigate the Pauli oscillator in a noncommutative space. In other words, we derive wave function and energy spectrum of a spin half non-relativistic charged particle that is moving under a constant magnetic field with an oscillator potential in noncommutative space. We obtain critical values of the deformation parameter and the magnetic field, which they counteract the normal and anomalous Zeeman effects. Moreover, we find that the deformation parameter has to be smaller than [Formula: see text]. Then, we derive the Helmholtz free energy, internal energy, specific heat and entropy functions of the Pauli oscillator in the non commutative space. With graphical methods, at first, we compare these functions with the ordinary ones, and then, we demonstrate the effects of magnetic field on these thermodynamic functions in the commutative and noncommutative space, respectively.
Human flesh search based on information coupling
Authors: Nian Fuzhong , Liu Xinmeng , Zhang Yaqiong , Yu Xuelong
Published: January 2022

A new model of human flesh search (HFS) was established based on the love-triangle model (LTM) and susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model. The competitive propagation process between rumors and true messages in HFS was investigated. According to the proposed model, the equation was derived to describe the propagation of rumors and true messages in HFS. Coupling effect of rumors and true messages and the node credibility were considered; the simulations were implemented on small world network. The results show that the competition probability initial value of rumors is higher than that of true messages in the process of HFS. The coupling effect indicates that the spreading of one information fragment would be influenced by others. Furthermore, the inhibition of credibility on rumor spreading is found. Therefore, the means of suppressing rumors is proposed furtherly. Finally, the validity of the new model was verified through the comparative experiment between the simulation of the proposed model and real case.
Exact solitary wave solution for fractal shallow water wave model by He’s variational method
Authors: Wang Kang-Le
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the shallow water wave with unsmooth boundaries is depicted by fractal calculus, and its exact fractal solitary wave solution is successfully found by He’s variational method. The numerical examples demonstrate that the method is simple, efficient and convenient. Finally, we elaborate the physical properties of the fractal solitary solution by some graphs. The novel scheme clears up the road to the exact fractal soliton, and it sheds a new light on the fractal soliton theory.
Imprints of interacting dark energy on cosmological perturbations
Authors: Sharma Mohit Kumar , Sur Sourav
Published: January 2022

We investigate the characteristic modifications in the evolving cosmological perturbations when dark energy interacts with dust-like matter, causing the latter’s background energy density fall off with time faster than usual. Focusing in particular to the late-time cosmic evolution, we show that such an interaction (of a specific form, arising naturally in a scalar-tensor formulation, or a wide range of modified gravity equivalents thereof), can have a rather significant effect on the perturbative spectrum, than on the background configuration which is not expected to get distorted much from [Formula: see text]CDM. Specifically, the matter density contrast, which is by and large scale-invariant in the deep sub-horizon limit, not only gets dragged as the interaction affects the background Hubble expansion rate, but also receives a contribution from the perturbation in the (scalar field induced) dark energy, which oscillates about a nonzero mean value. As such, the standard parametrization ansatz for the matter density growth factor becomes inadequate. So we modify it suitably, and also find a numerical fit of the growth index in terms of the background parameters, in order to alleviate the problems that arise otherwise. Such a fit enables direct estimations of the background parameters, as well as the growth parameter and the reduced Hubble parameter, which we duly carry out using a redshift space distortion (RSD) subsample and its combination with the observational Hubble data. On the whole, the parametric estimates show consistency with the general observational constraints on the background level cosmology, as well as the constraints on scalar-tensor gravity from astrophysical observations, apart from having significance in the domain of cosmological perturbations.
Three-Dimensional Transient Analysis of FGM Rectangular Sandwich Plate Subjected to Thermal Loading Using State Space Differential Quadrature Method
Authors: Maslak A. Taheri , Alibeigloo A.
Published: January 2022

In this paper, transient response of functionally graded materials (FGM) rectangular sandwich plates subjected to thermal loading based on three-dimensional theory of elasticity is carried out. The facing layers are made of metal and ceramics whereas core layer is FGM with exponential function distribution. For the case of simply supported boundary conditions, obtained state space differential equations are solved analytically by using Fourier series expansions along the in-plane coordinates and Laplace transformation. For other edges, boundary condition semi-analytical method is used by applying differential quadrature method (DQM) along the in-plane direction and state space technique across the transverse coordinate. After carrying out the convergence of the present method, accuracy of this study is validated by comparing the numerical results with those reported in the literature. Finally, influences of the boundary conditions, length-to-thickness ratios, length-to-width ratios, time constant and the FGM graded index on elastic behavior of sandwich plate are examined.
Pancyclic zero divisor graph over the ring ℤn[i]
Authors: Kumar Ravindra , Prakash Om
Published: January 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be the zero divisor graph over the ring [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we study pancyclic properties of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, for different [Formula: see text]. Also, we prove some results in which [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are pancyclic for different values of [Formula: see text].
Improvement in the Appearance and Function of the Hand at 2 Weeks after Percutaneous Needle Fasciotomy for Dupuytren Disease
Authors: JOHNSON Nick , KURIEN Tom , SELBY Anna , O’BRIEN Mary
Published: January 2022

Background: Percutaneous needle fasciotomy (PNF) has been successfully used for the treatment of contracture bands in the hand in patients with Dupuytren disease. The aim of this study is to determine aesthetic and functional outcomes at 2 weeks following PNF in patients with Dupuytren contracture.

Methods: Seventy-five patients undergoing PNF for Dupuytren disease during a 4-month period were included. Patients completed the Visual Analogue Appearance Score (VAAS), Derriford Appearance Score (DAS), and the quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score (QuickDASH) preoperatively and at 2 weeks after surgery. In addition, VAAS was done in the immediate postoperative period as well.

Results: Seventy-four (99%) patients completed the immediate postoperative VAAS scores and 51 (68%) completed the VAAS, DAS, and QuickDASH at 2 weeks. Preoperative VAAS fell from 6.01 to 1.53 (p < 0.0001) immediately post operation. Two weeks later, VAAS increased to 2.91 but was still significantly lower than preoperatively (p < 0.0001). DAS was unchanged. QuickDASH decreased from 22.4 preoperatively to 12.1 2 weeks later (p = 0.001).

Conclusion: PNF for Dupuytren contracture resulted in improvement in both aesthetic and functional outcomes at 2 weeks. Longer term follow-up is required to determine whether these improvements are sustained.

Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
A Comparison of Outcomes of ‘Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Tenodesis’ versus ‘No Tenodesis’ after Resection of the Distal Ulna in Patients with Giant Cell Tumor
Authors: SAHITO Badaruddin , ALI Sheikh Muhammad Ebad , QAMAR Javeria , KATTO Muhammad Soughat , AHMED Malik Wasim , JAMIL Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Background: One of the methods of stabilizing the stump of the ulna following resection of the distal ulna is tenodesis of the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU). Some studies have recommended stabilization, whereas others have not found it useful. Most of these studies have a mix of different pathologies and often do not have a control group. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of ECU tenodesis versus no tenodesis after resection of the distal ulna in patients with grade III giant cell tumor (GCT) of the distal ulna.

Methods: The retrospective study included 10 patients with Campanacci grade III GCT of the distal ulna treated by resection of the distal ulna between 2014 and 2019. Patients were stratified into two groups based on whether they underwent ECU tenodesis (n = 5) or no tenodesis (n = 5). The patients were assessed at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months for complications and outcomes using the Mayo wrist score (MWS) and the revised musculoskeletal tumor society score (MSTS).

Results: The MWS and the MSTS were significantly better in the ECU tenodesis group at 6 weeks. At 6 months, MWS was similar in both groups, but MSTS continued to be significantly better in ECU tenodesis group. At 12 months, both groups reported similar MWS and MSTS. There were no recurrences in either groups. One patient in the ECU tenodesis group developed ECU tendonitis that resolved with conservative treatment.

Conclusions: The outcomes of ECU tenodesis were better in the short term (6 months), although both groups reported similar outcomes at 12 months.

Level of Evidence: Level III (Therapeutic)
Neural Network–Based Financial Volatility Forecasting: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ge Wenbo , Lalbakhsh Pooia , Isai Leigh , Lenskiy Artem , Suominen Hanna
Published: January 2022

Volatility forecasting is an important aspect of finance as it dictates many decisions of market players. A snapshot of state-of-the-art neural network–based financial volatility forecasting was generated by examining 35 studies, published after 2015. Several issues were identified, such as the inability for easy and meaningful comparisons, and the large gap between modern machine learning models and those applied to volatility forecasting. A shared task was proposed to evaluate state-of-the-art models, and several promising ways to bridge the gap were suggested. Finally, adequate background was provided to serve as an introduction to the field of neural network volatility forecasting.
A Security Review in the UAVNet Era: Threats, Countermeasures, and Gap Analysis
Authors: Rugo Alessio , Ardagna Claudio A. , Ioini Nabil El
Published: January 2022

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming one of the main technological supports for commercial applications, embracing many domains ranging from human safety to the medical field, agriculture and environment, multimedia production, and even commercial delivery. This rise in popularity, however, is causing an increasing interest from criminals, making UAVs the target of new attacks. To fully characterize the current UAV cybersecurity landscape, we perform a complete literature review, digging into drone security historic facts and scientific studies on the matter, reviewing specialized articles and scientific papers focusing on cybersecurity threats and gaps in the context of small UAVs in commercial applications. Being a recent research and development area, most of the articles have been published between 2016 and 2020 as a direct consequence of the increase of security concerns and interest in the drone field. Papers in this review deal with UAV cyberthreats and related vulnerabilities, identifying flaws experimented in a lab or describing incidents detected in the field. Communication, sensors, and system misconfigurations are among the most important threat vectors, while sensor spoofing/jamming and malware DoS/control are among the most cited threats. Threat vectors permit depicting a complete overview of the topic and potential countermeasures known to date, with related gap analysis, also accounting for the recent Unmanned Aircraft System evolution toward ad hoc or cloud-based UAV networks. Countermeasures include the adoption of traditional communication encryption and standard protocols, GPS spoofing/jamming mitigation, encryption and privacy-aware implementations, and counter-malware techniques, to name the most adopted. It also emerges that often attacks are simply ported or adapted from other attacks in similar domains, while peculiar attacks still remain such as targeted physical attacks, specific UAV malware, and GPS spoofing/jamming.
“What Can I Cook with these Ingredients?” - Understanding Cooking-Related Information Needs in Conversational Search
Authors: Frummet Alexander , Elsweiler David , Ludwig Bernd
Published: January 2022

As conversational search becomes more pervasive, it becomes increasingly important to understand the users’ underlying information needs when they converse with such systems in diverse domains. We conduct an in situ study to understand information needs arising in a home cooking context as well as how they are verbally communicated to an assistant. A human experimenter plays this role in our study. Based on the transcriptions of utterances, we derive a detailed hierarchical taxonomy of diverse information needs occurring in this context, which require different levels of assistance to be solved. The taxonomy shows that needs can be communicated through different linguistic means and require different amounts of context to be understood. In a second contribution, we perform classification experiments to determine the feasibility of predicting the type of information need a user has during a dialogue using the turn provided. For this multi-label classification problem, we achieve average F1 measures of 40% using BERT-based models. We demonstrate with examples which types of needs are difficult to predict and show why, concluding that models need to include more context information in order to improve both information need classification and assistance to make such systems usable.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Zirconium Based Organic Framework and Walnut Shell Derived Carbon Composites for the Detection of Paracetamol and Para-Aminophenol
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Guo Hao , Zhang Junye , Sun Lei , Pan Zhilan , Liu Bingqing , Yang Wu
Published: January 2022

A novel electrochemical sensor was constructed by employing zirconium based metal organic framework (NH2-UiO-66) and walnut derived carbon (WC) as modified materials for the highly sensitive and selective determination of paracetamol (Para) and para-aminophenol (PAP). Characterization results of the texture properties of the NH2-UiO-66/WC nanocomposite revealed that highly dispersive MOF particles were filled in large pores of WC to form homogeneous composite. The resulting composite modified electrode showed excellent electrocatalytic ability for the target molecules and good conductivity. Under optimal experimental conditions, the obtained NH2-UiO-66/WC electrode presented excellent analytical performances for Para and PAP detection with wide linear range (1–150 μM) and low detection limits (0.17 μM for Para and 0.32 μM for PAP). Finally, the proposed method was successfully used in determination of Para and PAP contents in River water and commercial tablets with satisfactory recoveries.
Crack Free Cr Coatings from Cr3+ Electrolyte
Authors: Ahmadi K. , Dole N. , Karadavut O. , Hernandez F. C. Robles , Hall T. D. , Taylor E. J. , Brankovic S. R.
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we present the design of an effective pulse current deposition process for low stress, crack-free Cr coatings deposited from standard Cr3+ electrolyte commonly used by industry. Parameters for pulse current deposition process such as

t

o
n

,

t

o
f
f

,

and duty cycle are based on detailed analysis and modeling of in situ stress transients during Cr deposition and relaxation. A general procedure and criterion are derived for pulse current function design which should be of broader significance for the synthesis of functional Cr coatings. Comparative characterization of pulse and direct current deposited Cr films is presented. These data illustrate superior properties and stress-state of the Cr films deposited using our newly developed approach to pulse current function design.
The Fullerenes Group
Authors: Kadish Karl M. , Kamat Prashant V.
Published: January 2022

The feature articles appearing in this issue give a flavor of the current state of fullerene research in three important areas: medicinal research, light harvesting with functionalized fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes. These articles also provide bridges for possible interactions with other Divisions of the Society.
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larva as an in vivo vertebrate model to study renal function
Authors: Bolten Jan Stephan , Pratsinis Anna , Alter Claudio Luca , Fricker Gert , Huwyler Jörg
Published: January 2022

The study of renal function remains a challenge. In vitro cell-based assays are approved to study, e.g., ABC/SLC-mediated drug transport but do not cover other renal functions as glomerular filtration. Here, in vivo studies combined with in vitro assays are needed, which are time consuming and expensive. In view of these limitations, our proof-of-concept study demonstrates that the zebrafish larva is a translational in vivo test model that includes mechanistic investigations to study renal function.
Intact prostaglandin signaling through EP2 and EP4 receptors in stromal progenitor cells is required for normal development of the renal cortex in mice
Authors: Fuchs Michaela A. A. , Schrankl Julia , Leupold Christina , Wagner Charlotte , Kurtz Armin , Broeker Katharina A.-E.
Published: January 2022

Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) produces prostaglandins that are essential for normal renal development. It is unclear in which cells Cox-2 and the receptors for prostaglandin E2 (EP receptors) are expressed during late nephrogenesis. This study identified the expression sites for EP subtypes and Cox-2 in neonatal mouse kidneys. Furthermore, it shows that stromal progenitor cells may require intact prostaglandin E2 signaling through EP2 and EP4 receptors for normal renal development.
Analysis of Behavioral Image Recognition of Pan-Entertainment of Contemporary College Students’ Network
Authors: Cui Hong , Wang Yuan
Published: January 2022

With the continuous update and iteration of network technology and technological innovation, the handheld smart media of college students will become more and more sensitive. With the advancement of economic globalization, various ideologies and cultures in the world will rapidly invade, and the “pan-entertainment” of online media may intensify. Only through the government’s supervision function and the self-discipline of the internet industry, we can strictly control and screen positive values. In order to better establish the correct employment value orientation of university students and further analyze the importance of the “pan-entertainment” behavior image recognition of college students, this study analyzes the related technology and basic theory of behavior recognition. After introducing several mainstream methods, the traditional dual-stream convolutional network method is improved, and the time information and spatial information extracted by the two channels are discussed for the weighted fusion of feature maps. Finally, using R(2 + 1)D structure and dual-stream network structure design, a deep learning-based spatiotemporal convolution behavior recognition algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm is tested and analyzed on the datasets UCF101 and HMDB51. The specific work content is as follows: (1) to summarize the widely used video behavior classification methods proposed so far and discuss the future development. Then, it mainly analyzes the existing technical bottlenecks of some methods based on deep learning methods and summarizes and explores an efficient, stable, and accurate spatiotemporal feature joint extraction and learning method theory. (2) The design of spatiotemporal convolutional network algorithm framework is proposed, the method of segmentation processing of long video is studied, the improvement of the dual-stream network decision-level fusion method is studied, and the R(2 + 1)D network is reorganized. The network algorithm is trained and tested on the UCF-101 dataset and HMDB-51 dataset under the condition of calling the pretrained model. Finally, the accuracy is compared with the existing classic algorithms to obtain better accuracy, which proves the effectiveness of the algorithm for the “pan-entertainment” behavioral image recognition of contemporary college students.
Thermally Induced Bistable Functionally Graded Nanocomposite Plate
Authors: Zhu Yantao , Tao Jixiao
Published: January 2022

This paper explores the feasibility of using functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) in designing bistable plates. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in this nanocomposite are assumed to have a functionally graded distribution across the thickness direction following a power law. By varying the distribution type, volume fraction, and volume fraction exponent of SWCNTs, laminates with multiple thermal properties can be generated. A higher-order Rayleigh–Ritz model is presented to investigate the bistability and buckling behaviours of the proposed bistable plates. Their out-of-plane displacements and snap-through forces are predicted using this model. In the buckling analysis, transverse concentrated forces are applied to the panel corners to induce snap-through. To trace the load-displacement path during the loading process, the arc-length method is used to solve derived nonlinear equilibrium equations. The analytical results are compared using nonlinear finite element (FE) analysis for validation. A comprehensive parametric study is conducted to analyse the effects of curing temperature, distribution type, volume fractions, and volume fraction exponents of SWCNTs on the bistable behaviours of FG-CNTRC plates. It is found that, by varying these factors, bistable FG-CNTRC plates with multiple stable shapes and a wide range of snap-through forces can be generated. FG- CNTRC thus offers a rich design space for producing bistable plates.
Experimental Observation and Analysis of Traffic Impact on Tibetan Antelopes on the Qinghai‐Tibet Highway
Authors: Ru Han , Xu Jinliang , Jiang Shoufang
Published: January 2022

Highways that cross natural reserves are an intrusion with a nonnegligible negative impact on the behavior of wild animals and have numerous and diverse ecological impacts on wildlife near road areas. Field experiments were carried out to collect traffic flow data on the Qinghai‐Tibet Highway on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau, China, and the behavior of the Tibetan antelope crossing the highway was observed. The relationships between the percentage of antelopes successfully crossing the highway and the different traffic flows were analyzed. The results demonstrate that the traffic volume is the main factor affecting the success rate of Tibetan antelopes when crossing the highway, displaying a nonlinear negative correlation. Furthermore, the behavioral responses of the Tibetan antelopes within 500 m of the Qinghai‐Tibet Highway before and after different parking behaviors were observed and the proportions of the different behaviors exhibited by the Tibetan antelopes affected by different driver parking behaviors were analyzed. Parking behaviors were found to have the most significant effect on Tibetan antelope behavior within 400 m of the highway, where parking with somebody getting out having the most prominent impact. The results of this study can guide engineering measures to protect wildlife in the plateau region.
Quetiapine Combined with Sodium Valproate in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease with Mental and Behavioral Symptoms Efficacy Observation
Authors: Zhang Zhihua , Xu Jiating , Xu Penghao , Liu Wenjun , He Xianyan , Fu Kedeng
Published: January 2022

Quetiapine combined with sodium valproate is an effective and more suitable drug treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. At present, there are relatively few studies on the combined action mechanism of these two drugs. This study has certain practical value. Alzheimer’s disease is a multifaceted, highly genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease. The main clinical manifestations are memory loss, abnormal mental behavior, and loss of various cognitive functions. In order to improve the symptoms of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, especially those with mental symptoms, this article combines quetiapine and sodium valproate, two commonly used drugs for the treatment of mental illnesses, and applies them to different levels of Alzheimer’s and observes the results of the combination’s curative effect. This article introduces Alzheimer’s disease and its potential mental behaviors in the method section, and it also introduces the mechanism of action of quetiapine and sodium valproate. For the algorithm, this paper introduces a data mining algorithm to understand the effect of drug efficacy. In the experimental part, firstly, it introduces the experimental objects, the proportion of medicines, and the statistical methods. Secondly, this article covers adverse reactions, inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial indicators, Alzheimer’s disease performance, MOAS score, treatment effect evaluation, and satisfaction surveys. It can be seen from the experiment that, in mental behavior, the experimental group decreased from 8.2 before treatment to 0.5, and the control group decreased from 7.1 before treatment to 2.6. It can be seen that the scores of the experimental group changed after receiving the treatment of quetiapine combined with sodium valproate.
Cardiac Involvement by Human Herpesvirus 8-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: An Unusual Presentation in a Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Fenu Elena M. , Beaty Michael W. , O’Neill Tiffany E. , O’Neill Stacey S.
Published: January 2022

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection predisposes patients to the development of lymphomas, both due to immune suppression and coinfection with viruses with oncogenic potential. Coinfection with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) in particular has been associated with the development of aggressive lymphomas, including primary effusion lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Herein, we report an unusual case of HHV8-positive DLBCL with extensive cardiac involvement which was diagnosed at autopsy in a patient with long-standing untreated HIV infection.
The Effects and Safety of Chinese Herbal Medicine on Blood Lipid Profiles in Placebo-Controlled Weight-Loss Trials: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wong Ann Rann , Yang Angela Wei Hong , Li Mingdi , Hung Andrew , Gill Harsharn , Lenon George Binh
Published: January 2022

This study was conducted to assess the effects and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) on blood lipids among adults with overweight or obesity. Fourteen bibliographic databases were comprehensively searched, from their respective inceptions up to April 2021, for randomised placebo-controlled weight-loss trials using CHM formulation on total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol over ≥4 weeks. Data collection, risk of bias assessment, and statistical analyses were guided by the Cochrane Handbook (v6.1). Continuous outcomes were expressed as the mean difference with 95% confidence intervals, and categorical outcomes were expressed as a risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals. All analyses were two-tailed with a statistical significance of

p

 < 0.05. Fifteen eligible studies with 1,533 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Findings from meta-analyses indicated that CHM interventions, compared to placebo, reduced triglyceride (MD −0.21 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.41 to −0.02, I2 = 81%) and increased HDL cholesterol (MD 0.16 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.27, I2 = 94%) over a median of 12 weeks. The reduction in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were not statistically significant. Furthermore, the tendency of reduced triglycerides was identified among overweight participants with high baseline triglycerides. Attrition rates and frequency of adverse events were indifferent between the two groups. CHM may provide lipid-modulating benefits on triglycerides and HDL cholesterol among participants with overweight/obesity, with the tendency for significant triglyceride reduction observed among overweight participants with high baseline triglycerides. However, rigorously conducted randomised controlled trials with larger sample sizes are required to validate these findings.
[Retracted] Optimization Algorithm of Logistics Transportation Cost of Prefabricated Building Components for Project Management
Authors: Yang Xiaojiang
Published: January 2022

Because the traditional logistics transportation cost optimization algorithm of prefabricated building components has the problems of long transportation time and high transportation cost, a logistics transportation cost optimization algorithm of prefabricated building components for project management is proposed. A project management oriented prefabricated building component management system is built, the logistics and transportation process of prefabricated building components are analyzed, and the logistics vehicles of prefabricated building components under the time window are scheduled. According to the scheduling results, through the waiting unloading time cost, transportation cost, and penalty cost, the total cost objective function is built to obtain the optimal cost. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has the shortest logistics transportation time and the lowest transportation cost.
Treatment of Coronal Plane Femoral Intertrochanteric Fractures with a Microexternal Fixator Combined with Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation
Authors: Mingke Zhou  , Chen Yuan , Qian Jun , Zeng Yunji , Huang Liangshan , Zheng Yuanlei
Published: January 2022

Objective. To investigate the different efficacy of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) combined with or without a microexternal fixator in the treatment of coral-plane femoral intertrochanteric fractures. Methods. 120 patients with intertrochanteric coronal fractures who received treatment in four hospitals from February 2020 to February 2021 were retrospectively included in this study. They were divided into control (PFNA alone, n = 60) and combined treatment group (a microexternal fixator + PFNA, n = 60) according to different surgery methods. All patients were followed up for 6 months. Operative time, amount of intraoperative blood loss, postoperative length of hospital stays, fracture healing time, Harris hip score, modified Barthel index, hip function excellent and good rate, and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results. There were no significant differences in operative time, amount of intraoperative blood loss, postoperative length of hospital stay, and incidence of complications between the two groups (all

P

 > 0.05). Fracture healing time in the combined treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (

P

 < 0.05). After surgery, Harris hip score and modified Barthel index in each group were significantly increased compared with before surgery (both

P

 < 0.05). The increases in Harris hip score and modified Barthel index in the combined treatment group were significantly greater than those in the control group (both

P

 < 0.05). After surgery, Harris hip function excellent and good rate in the combined treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (83.33% > 66.67%,

P

 < 0.05). Conclusion. Compared with PFNA alone, a microexternal fixator combined with PFNA for the treatment of coronal plane femoral intertrochanteric fractures can greatly shorten fracture healing time and improve postoperative hip function and activities of living ability, but it cannot greatly increase operative time, the amount of intraoperative blood loss, or the risk of postoperative complications.
Rocaglamide Prolonged Allograft Survival by Inhibiting Differentiation of Th1/Th17 Cells in Cardiac Transplantation
Authors: Dai Chen , Zhou Xi , Wang Lu , Tan Rumeng , Wang Wei , Yang Bo , Zhang Yucong , Shi Huibo , Chen Dong , Wei Lai , Chen Zhishui
Published: January 2022

Background. Aglaia (Meliaceae) species are used for treating autoimmune disorders and allergic diseases in Asian countries. Rocaglamide, an extract obtained from Aglaia species, exhibits suppressive effect by regulating the T cell subset balance and cytokine network in cancer. However, whether it can be used in organ transplantation is unknown. In this study, we investigated the antirejection effect and mechanism of action of rocaglamide in a mouse cardiac allograft model. Methods. Survival studies were performed by administering mice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (

n
=
6

) and rocaglamide (

n
=
8

). Heart grafts were monitored until they stopped beating. After grafting, the mice were sacrificed on day 7 for histological, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and flow cytometric analyses. Results. Rocaglamide administration significantly prolonged the median survival of the grafts from 7 to 25 days compared with PBS treatment (

P
<
0.001

). On posttransplantation day 7, the rocaglamide-treated group showed a significant decrease in the percentage of Th1 cells (

7.9
±
0.9
%

vs.

1.58
±
0.5
%

,

P
<
0.001

) in the lymph nodes and spleen (

8.0
±
2.5
%

vs.

2.4
±
1.3
%

,

P
<
0.05

). Rocaglamide treatment also significantly inhibited the production of Th17 cells (

6.4
±
1.0
%

vs.

1.8
±
0.4
%

,

P
<
0.01

) in the lymph nodes and spleen (

5.9
±
0.3
%

vs.

2.9
±
0.8
%

,

P
<
0.01

). Furthermore, the prolonged survival of the grafts was associated with a significant decrease in IFN-γ and IL-17 levels. Our results also showed that NF-AT activation was inhibited by rocaglamide, which also induced p38 and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in Jurkat T cells. Furthermore, by using inhibitors that suppressed p38 and JNK phosphorylation, rocaglamide-mediated reduction in NF-AT protein levels was prevented. Conclusion. We identified a new immunoregulatory property of rocaglamide, wherein it was found to regulate oxidative stress response and reduce inflammatory cell infiltration and organ injury, which have been associated with the inhibition of NF-AT activation in T cells.
Multivessel Coronary Artery Vasospasm-Induced Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Patel Vishal I. , Sobnosky Serap
Published: January 2022

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is associated with a constellation of cardiac findings including reversible left ventricular dysfunction and an acute triggering stressor. Epicardial coronary vasospasm is a rarely reported etiology for takotsubo cardiomyopathy, and its pathophysiologic mechanisms still remain incompletely understood. We present the case of a 54-year-old female with chest pain and ST-elevation myocardial infarction who was found to have takotsubo cardiomyopathy due to diffuse multivessel coronary artery vasospasm in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. To our knowledge, this is the first angiographically confirmed case of this rare phenomenon to be reported, as most literature involves focal, segmental, or single coronary artery involvement. Moreover, we review current literature and develop a discussion on the targeted treatment of vasospastic disease as part of the multimodal approach to the management of takotsubo syndrome.
Evaluation of the Accumulation Conditions and Favorable Areas of Shale Gas in the Upper Palaeozoic Marine-Continental Transitional Facies in the Daning-Jixian Area, Ordos Basin
Authors: Zeng Xu , Wang Wei , Cao Qian , Zhou Shangwen , Dong Guodong , Wang Aiming , Chen Zhixin , Mei Hua
Published: January 2022

This study focuses on the organic-rich mud shale in the Upper Palaeozoic transitional facies in the southeastern margin of the Ordos Basin. It systematically analyzes the shale gas accumulation conditions of the organic-rich mud shale in the Lower Permian Shanxi-Taiyuan Formation, including the thickness, distribution, organic matter type and content, thermal maturity, reservoir space, gas-bearing property, and rock brittleness. The results show that the thick dark mud shale contains a high organic matter content, is a suitable kerogen type for gas generation, and exhibits moderate thermal evolution, providing excellent conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation. Residual primary pores formed by shale compaction, secondary pores formed by organic matter hydrocarbon generation, clay mineral transformation and dissolution, and fractures provide suitable reservoir spaces for shale gas. The shale in the study area has a higher gas content than the shale strata in the marine basins of the United States. In addition, the content of brittle minerals such as quartz is higher, and Poisson’s ratio is lower, facilitating the subsequent transformation. The accumulation conditions indicate the high potential of the study area for shale gas exploration and development. The geological analogy method is used to compare the study area with five major shale gas basins in the United States. The results indicate that the shale gas resources of the Shanxi-Taiyuan Formation in the study area are in the range of 2800–

3200
×
10

8 m3. The primary controlling factors affecting shale gas reservoirs in this area are the abundance of organic matter, thermal maturity, shale thickness, and quartz content. Favorable areas are predicted based on these factors.
The Construction Model of the TCM Clinical Knowledge Coding Database Based on Knowledge Organization
Authors: Zhang Pan , Shen Shaowu , Deng Wenping , Mao Shusong , Wang Yan
Published: January 2022

Based on the knowledge organization method, this paper explores the construction method of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical knowledge coding model by taking TCM clinical electronic medical record data as the research object. Firstly, extracting technology is used to obtain the required data in the electronic medical record. Then, by constructing the clinical knowledge coding model, the tacit knowledge is made explicit, establishing the clinical knowledge base and exploring the connotation of TCM clinical knowledge. It provides necessary data resources for deepening the expression level of TCM clinical knowledge, constructing accurate TCM clinical diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation models, and promoting the inheritance, innovation, and development of TCM. In this paper, we extracted the data of 318 cases of distention and established the TCM clinical database from the basic information of patients, clinical diagnosis information, clinical diagnosis and treatment information, and clinical evaluation information. Based on the knowledge coding model and the connotation of knowledge attributes, the established TCM clinical knowledge base was to explore the law of TCM clinical precision diagnosis and treatment.
Some Uniqueness Results of the Solutions for Two Kinds of Riccati Equations with Variable Fractional Derivative
Authors: Lin Shi-you , Chen Li-sha , Li Bo-yang
Published: January 2022

We mainly discuss the relevant properties of the solution of the Riccati equation in this paper. By virtue of our previous derivation, we will give several uniqueness conclusions that the initial value problems of some kinds of the Riccati equation with variable fractional derivative are solved under certain conditions. Additionally, we also point out an error in the work of Kashkari

and

Syam and correct it.
C
SVM Classification and KNN Techniques for Cyber Crime Detection
Authors: Veena K. , Meena K. , Teekaraman Yuvaraja , Kuppusamy Ramya , Radhakrishnan Arun
Published: January 2022

In the digital age, cybercrime is spreading its root widely. Internet evolution has turned out to a boon as well as curse for those confronting the issues of privacy, national security, social decency, IP rights, child protection, fighting, detecting, and prosecuting cybercrime. Hence, there arises a need to detect the cybercriminal. Cybercrime identification utilizes dataset that is taken from CBS open dataset. For identifying the cybercriminal, support vector machine (SVM) in the

C

SVM classification and

K

-nearest neighbor (KNN) models is utilized for determining the cybercrime information. The evaluation of the performance is done taking the following metrics into consideration: true positive, false positive, true negative and false negative, false alarm rate, detection rate, accuracy, recall, precision, specificity, sensitivity, classification rate, and Fowlkes-Mallows Scores. Expectation maximization (EM) calculation is utilized for evaluating the presentation of the Gaussian mixture model. The performance of classifier’s presentation is also done. Accuracy is accomplished in the event of grouping by means of SVM classifier as 89% in the supervised method.