bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEVEL OF PHYSICAL FITNESS OF ADOLESCENTS FROM SECONDARY AVIATION SCHOOL IN DĘBLIN
Authors: WASILUK Agnieszka , SACZUK Jerzy , KRECH Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

This study was undertaken in order to evaluate the level of physical fitness of boys from the Secondary Aviation School (SAS) (OLL) in Dęblin in respect of a comparative group. Examinations of physical fitness were conducted in December 2009 and covered 129 pupils. Their fitness was evaluated with the use of a battery of motor tests being a part of the European Physical Fitness Test (EUROFIT). In each age category, arithmetic means and standard deviations were calculated for the results achieved in all motor tests. Differences in the level of physical fitness between the surveyed boys and their average peers inhabiting the Lubelskie Province were determined with a T point scale. In turn, the significance of difference was evaluated with the use of the Student’s test for independent variables. The boys from SAS in Dęblin were characterized by a higher level of general physical fitness, as compared to their average peers. Distinct differences were noted in the tests of upper limb speed, explosive strength, trunk strength, trunk suppleness and functional strength. It should be noticed, however, that the boys examined were characterized by a significantly lower level of balance. In the other analyzed tests, the differences in the level of physical fitness were not so remarkable
APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS IN DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS IN LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT
Authors: DUCHACZEK Artur , SKORUPKA Dariusz
Published: January 2020

The article presents the possibility of using a TFannNetwork component, based on the FANN library (version 2.0), for building computer applications used in logistics management. The potential of the component is exemplified with the application of artificial neural networks to estimate the capacity of transport vehicles based on their dimensions.
The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method in Improving High Performance Sports Training for Polish Women’s Football Players
Authors: Mleczko Edward , Adamus Wiktor , Witkowski Zbigniew , Tokarz Renata
Published: January 2020

Aim. objective of the work is an attempt to optimize the model of the girls' football training system in Poland, taking into account the current economic and political conditions and the possibility of using the multi-criteria method of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as an innovative technique in solving problems in sport. Material and methods. The AHP method by T.L. Saaty was used to solve the decision problem. For the purpose of this study, a group of girls’ football experts (trainers) was set up, who made comparisons based on a specially prepared questionnaire. The collected data was analysed using the Expert Choice program. Findings. The analysis of priority values pointed to the criteria, which should be particularly considered during the process of training girls in football. These include, in order: condition preparation (0,-414), profession (0,-274), recruitment and selection (0,-118), to a lesser extent,material structure (0,-058) and the training base (0,-031). In the criterion of fitness preparation according to experts, the largest share falls on: the effectiveness of shots per goal, andequally: speed of decision making, knowledge, explosive strength and running speed, whilethe smallest share regards the attribute of oxygen efficiency and flexibility. In the criteria, the number of scored goals scored, the rank of the competition, the warnings and the number of matches in the season were indicated in first place. In the next criteria, which concerned recruitment and selection, the respondents pointed to: state of health, intellectual abilities, biological development, general fitness, somatic structure, emotional stability, psychological predisposition and interest in sport. An equally important criterion in the sports training system is renewal. In it, the most important are: nutrition, resistance to diseases and injuries, the ability to quickly regenerate, supplementation, physical therapy and pharmacological treatment. One important criterion, but indicated further, is the material structure. To a large extent, it consists of: psychological, technical, tactical preparation, motivation for continuous improvement. The last criterion, which has a share in the effectiveness of training, is training base. The largest share of the four sub-criteria includes: individualization of training, monitoring training and social security, and in last place, grouping. Conclusions. 1. The AHP method is useful for defining priorities in developing a sports training system for young football players.
Assessment of Body Mass Index and fundamental movement patterns as determinants of speed abilities in male college athletes using multidimensional linear regression
Authors: Domaradzki Jarosław , Koźlenia Dawid , Trojanowska Izabela
Published: January 2020

Aim. Speed is the fundamental motor skill in many sports. Factors determining its level are the subject of many researchers’ investigations. There are only few data on the relationship between morphological features, movement patterns, and speed abilities. The aim was to assess connections between weight-height proportions, movement patterns and the speed abilities of male college athletes. Methods. 41 men, college athletes (20.60 ± 1.22 years). The criterion of inclusion was: absence of injury during the 6 weeks before the tests, doing a sport discipline that included the speed component. Body height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. The FMSTM test and motor trials: Long jump, 20m Linear Speed, Agility T-test were conducted. Results. There were no simple relationships between the FMSTM score and motor tests, only the Deep Squat test significantly correlated with the Long Jump. Higher body weight and BMI value were associated with worse time at 20m Linear Speed. BMI proved to be better predictors of the results of speed tests (20 linear speed, Agility T-test) rather than movement patterns. Conclusions. Speed abilities are associated with many other factors that have a greater impact on the speed. The correct pattern of the Deep Squat allows to release more power of the lower limbs in the Long Jump. Maintaining the correct body mass in relation to the body height determines the possibility of achieving better results in speed tests.
Possibilities for Applying the Witty Sem System in the Diagnosis, Optimization and Control of Athletic Training
Authors: Kołodziej Ewelina , Jaworski Janusz , Tchórzewski Dariusz
Published: January 2020

Information about the effects of activity and adaptation of human body to a given load represent an integral part of managing the training process in sport. Therefore, new tools are constantly being developed to help optimize training. The purpose of this study is to present the possibilities for using the Witty SEM system (Microgate) in order to support diagnostics, control and optimization of training effects. To date, the Witty SEM system has been used to evaluate running speed and speed endurance in training practice. However, with a similar level of physical abilities, some reserves are also expected to be present in the optimization of coordination preparation. Consequently, the tools for evaluating the coordination of motor abilities are being constantly improved. For this purpose, computer tests, the Vienna Test System and psychotechnical apparatus are typically used. Nonetheless, these tools mainly measure fine motor skills. With the development of the Witty SEM system, new opportunities have emerged for the examination of complex coordination activities. The system allows for adaptation of popular motor tests and the creation of individual coordination tests adjusted to the specific nature of various sports. Numerous benefits of the system also include its reliability, the possibility of choosing various testing options (tests can be adjusted to the age and somatic parameters of study participants), small dimensions and mass, short time needed to prepare the system for operation, mobility of the equipment and long battery life. This suggests opportunities for the comprehensive use of this system in training practice of various sports.
Intellectual teaching - an effective way to train young footballers
Authors: Duda Henryk , Kaczor Mateusz , Dybińska Ewa , Kucia Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Learning the physical (technical) activity in the colloquial training of young football players is usually carried out by directly feeling the movement, that is through specific "kinesthetic instructions" (muscular-motor). Nevertheless, in order for the process of shaping the movement to take place more effectively (creating motor imaginings), it is important to provide specialist knowledge in so-called intellectual training. Research aim and research questions.The study is of utilitarian nature, because the main research goals set, aim at modifying the current concept of teaching methodology in sports games on the example of football, which is related to the visibility of the role of knowledge about the activities being taught and activities in the game. Confirmations of this thesis were sought at institutions training young gifted players (football adepts). The following research questions were posed: 1. Does the knowledge about the player's physical activities influence the effectiveness of learning special techniques? 2. Will the mental teaching (intellectualization) have a positive effect on the effectiveness of the (technical) movement? Materials and methods. Continuous research was conducted on an annual basis (in 2011-2015) among students of the Football Sporting School in Kraków. The surveyed pupils were a group of senior footballes - the age of the respondents aged 14-15. Forty-eight young players participated in continuous research, divided into 2 subgroups in an organised selection: experimental (E) and control (K), each with 24 players. The experimental group participated in the experimental training session once a week; and theoretical as well as practical classes, lasting 90 minutes. These classes, based on mental teaching in global terms, were characterised by a much lower intensity and volume of practical classes, but a greater mentalisation of training compared to the control group. Results. Analysis of research results confirmed the importance of intellectual training. The experimental group, in relation to the control group, had higher values in the level of specialist knowledge, technical skills and, above all, higher parameters for the simulated game.
Changes in the functional efficiency level among handball players (15–16- y.o.) from the West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Authors: UMIASTOWSKA DANUTA , DOMAŃSKA URSZULA
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Handball is a discipline categorised by high intensity of direct opponent contact, which upturns the risk of injuries. Contemporary sports therapy puts a lot of pressure on injury prevention in competitive sports. The key issue is prophylaxis, used to reduce the possibility of injury or the causing factors. An important element of prophylaxis is comprehensive functional physiotherapeutic assessment, which allows for early detection of asymmetry, assessment of the probability of injury and the implementation of proper corrective techniques. One of the tools used for athlete’s comprehensive functional assessment is the Functional Movement Screen test.
Aim. A comparison of correct movement patterns among 15-16-year-old handball players from the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in 2016-2018 and definition of changes on the of functional fitness level supported by implemented corrective exercises.
Materials and methods. The research material was of a group of 60 girls and 60 boys (15-16-y.o. amateur handball players). The research was carried out during the autumn meetings of the provincial cadre. The Functional Movement Screen test and the questionnaire were used for the study.
Results. In the group of girls during the 2016–2018 period, there was a regress of 2.18 points noticed, whereas in the group of boys, this equalled 3.53 points. Considering the results of the FMS test, corrective exercises were introduced. After the 6-month correction period,progress of 1.18 points was noticed in the group of girls and 1.80 points in the boys’ group.
Conclusions. 1. In the period of 2016–2018, weaker and slower results of tests assessing correct movement patterns were observed among girls and boys, which is obviously an indicator of high injury risk. 2. Implementation of corrective exercises in the training of handball players resulted in an increase of functional efficiency among the examined players.
A comparative look at the morfo-functional profiles of the polish junior and senior badminton representation
Authors: Żak Michał , Jaworski Janusz , Żak Stanisław
Published: January 2020

Aim. The aim of the study was to compare the morpho-functional profiles of Polish badminton players in junior and senior age categories and to check the stability of variables determining the sports level of Polish representatives in the junior category compared to the results achieved in this respect by the senior representatives.
Materials and methods. Research was conducted in 2017 among a group of 12 badminton players appointed to the Polish team. The comparative data were derived from research among 16 juniors, representing the Polish team of badminton players for this age category. The scope of research included those variables that - using multidimensional statistical analyses - were identified as determinants of the sports level regarding the so-called morpho-functional profile prepared for a group of juniors. These were the following variables: body height, shoulder width, arm range with racket, amplitude of movements in the radial-wrist joint, power of upper and lower limbs, running speed, strength of adominal muscles, response time with choice, spatial orientation, coupling of movements and kinesthetic differentiation. Basic volatility measures and morpho-functional profiles in the adopted groups were calculated for all the included variables, using the mean results and standard deviations of both badminton representations. The T scale was used in this respect.
Results. In the majority of the examined variables, relatively small individual differences were found, being smaller in the senior group than in the junior set. In the junior group, the difference between individual variables reached the limit of 0.52 standard deviation, with a slight dominance of energy-related abilities. A slightly larger variation (0.62 SD) was observed in the group of seniors with a clear dominance of coordination abilities. A large advantage of seniors over juniors was also seen (in addition to coordination abilities) in the scope of wrist mobility, MAP (maximal anaerobic power) of lower limbs and abdominal muscle strength.
Conclusions. The obtained results confirmed the correctness of the use of progressive training in youth groups of badminton players. The analyses also suggest the need to verify training programmes for young badminton students, with clear emphasis on the need for early formation of the level of coordination abilities and comprehensive development of motor skills.
Forms of Emergence
Authors: Gulick Walter ,   The Polanyi Society
Published: January 2020

In this essay I seek to clarify the unruly notion of emergence by describing three distinct varieties. I suggest that it is often fruitful to ascertain whether what emerges is an aspect of the physical world or a matter of novel meaning rather than quibble over whether emergence is an epistemological construct or is ontological in nature.
Eight new species of Ptenidiini and Discheramocephalini (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) from Ecuador
Authors: Michael Darby
Published: January 2020

Eight new species of Ecuadorian Ptiliidae are described and figured: Nossidium harrietae sp. nov., Ptenidium robustum sp. nov., P. tauriforme sp. nov., P. triangulum sp. nov., Notoptenidium brunneum sp. nov., Americoptilium nigrescens sp. nov., Discheramocephalus nigerrimus sp. nov. and D. striatus sp. nov. The insects were collected by J. McClarin, 2017–2018, in the Napo Province to the southeast of the capital Quito.
Medición de la comorbilidad depresiva en drogodependientes: Validez y eficacia diagnóstica del Inventario de Depresión de Beck (BDI-II) en dominicanos con múltiple consumo de sustancias
Authors: García-Batista Zoilo Emilio , Guerra-Peña Kiero , Cano-Vindel Antonio , Cantisano-Guzmán Luisa Marilia , Flores-Kanter Pablo Ezequiel , Medrano Leonardo Adrián
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Measurement of depressive comorbidity in drug dependents: Validity and diagnostic efficiency of Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-II) in Dominicans with multiple substance consumption. The present study proposed two main objectives, a) evaluate the validity of BDI-II for the identification of comorbid depressive symptoms in people with multiple substance abuse (i.e. Known-Groups Validity); and b) verify the diagnostic efficacy of the inventory for the distinction between general population and clinical drug dependents. From a two-stage sampling, a total of 116 Dominicans was selected, of whom 50% were drug-dependent. Analysis of differences between groups and analysis of COR curves were applied. The results show statistically significant and large effect size differences in depression levels in favor of the substance abuse group. In addition, COR curve analyses indicate that depression scores derived from BDI-II have adequate diagnostic performance indices. In short, evidence is provided in favor of the appropriateness and validity of the BDI-II to be applied in a population of drug dependents. Keywords: Drug dependents; depression; BDI-II; comorbidity; known-groups validity; COR curves; Dominican Republic.  Resumen: El presente estudio se propuso como objetivos, a) evaluar la validez del BDI-II para la identificación de sintomatología depresiva comórbida en personas con múltiple abuso de sustancias (i.e. Known-Groups Validity); y b) verificar la eficacia diagnóstica del inventario para la distinción entre población general y drogodependientes clínicos. A partir de un muestreo bietapico, se seleccionó un total de 116 dominicanos de los cuales el 50% era drogodependiente. Se aplicaron análisis de diferencias entre grupos y análisis de curvas COR. Los resultados muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas, y de tamaño del efecto grande, en los niveles de depresión en favor del grupo de personas con problemática de abuso de sustancias. Además, los análisis de curvas COR indican que los puntajes de depresión derivados del BDI-II presentan índices de rendimiento diagnóstico adecuados. En suma, se aporta evidencia a favor de la adecuación y validez del BDI-II para ser aplicado en población de drogodependientes.  Palabras clave: Drogodependencia; depresión; BDI-II; comorbilidad; known-groups validity; curvas COR; República Dominicana.
The Sociology of Education in Brazil Today
Authors: Oliveira Amurabi , Silva Camila
Published: January 2020

The field of sociology of education in Brazil is marked by a deep institutional fragmentation, being developed both in the Postgraduate Programs in Social Sciences/Sociology and in Education. With the expansion of higher education and other transformations in education systems, Sociology of Education has expanded and gained space in the research agenda of Brazilian sociology. In this article we analyze its development in a recent period, considering the research areas of the postgraduate programs in sociology, as well as its academic production in journals in the last four years. We observed the solidification of education as an area of research in the field of Brazilian sociology, as well as a growing interest in research involving primary and secondary education.
Instrumentos alternativos de solução de conflitos como medidas de sustentabilidade, calcadas na solidariedade social
Authors: Toledo André Medeiros , Santiago Mariana Ribeiro
Published: January 2020

O presente trabalho aborda o tema dos instrumentos alternativos de solução de conflitos, relacionando-o à solidariedade social e sustentabilidade. O objetivo é demonstrar de que modo se compreende, contemporaneamente, a necessidade de desjudicialização das controvérsias como via de promoção integrada da sustentabilidade, na linha das inovações trazidas pelo novo Código de Processo Civil, acerca das práticas conciliatórias. O estudo do tema se mostra absolutamente justificável, tendo em vista o quadro deletério de litigiosidade reinante no cenário nacional e o impacto nas searas ambiental, econômica e social. Na abordagem, foi utilizado o método dialético jurídico, acompanhado da pesquisa bibliográfica. Como resultado, entende-se que os meios alternativos de solução de conflitos tendem a colaborar positivamente em aspectos ambientais, econômicos e sociais de sustentabilidade.O presente trabalho aborda o tema dos instrumentos alternativos de solução de conflitos, relacionando-o à solidariedade social e sustentabilidade. O objetivo é demonstrar de que modo se compreende, contemporaneamente, a necessidade de desjudicialização das controvérsias como via de promoção integrada da sustentabilidade, na linha das inovações trazidas pelo novo Código de Processo Civil, acerca das práticas conciliatórias. O estudo do tema se mostra absolutamente justificável, tendo em vista o quadro deletério de litigiosidade reinante no cenário nacional e o impacto nas searas ambiental, econômica e social. Na abordagem, foi utilizado o método dialético jurídico, acompanhado da pesquisa bibliográfica. Como resultado, entende-se que os meios alternativos de solução de conflitos tendem a colaborar positivamente em aspectos ambientais, econômicos e sociais de sustentabilidade.
O descarte de resíduos sólidos no âmago da sustentabilidade
Authors: Pozzetti Valmir César , Caldas Jeferson Nepumuceno
Published: January 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar medidas que contribuem para o descarte adequado de resíduos sólidos no contexto da sustentabilidade ambiental. O descarte de resíduos sólidos se destaca como um tema importante e representa um grande desafio da humanidade, frente aos riscos e perigos do despejo inadequado dos resíduos sólidos na natureza. Em face da implementação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos no Brasil, a discussão vem se ampliando e torna-se necessário apontar medidas para atender a legislação. A abordagem histórica do crescente aumento de resíduos sólidos nas sociedades evidenciou que os interesses econômicos se sobressaem em relação ao interesse da preservação da natureza, que o processo de descarte de resíduos pelas populações e o uso de alternativas para melhor aproveitamento ainda é incipiente e a reflexão sobre a relação dos resíduos sólidos no âmago da sustentabilidade precisa ser mais bem difundida. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa foi do método dedutivo pela técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica, em livros e periódicos especializados na área sobre gestão de resíduos sólidos.
Conflictos de intereses y su contención a través de soft law
Authors: Tortolero Cervantes Francisco
Published: January 2020

La definición legal de los conflictos de intereses dista de ser clara. La exigencia ideal de una actuación irreprochable de los funcionarios públicos podría situarse en el registro de cromático del blanco. En el extremo contrario, el funcionamiento defectuoso de esta exigencia, resulta más fácil de percibir mientras se trate de actos de corrupción, o de tráfico de influencias. Tales comportamientos sancionables, que entran en el ámbito del derecho penal, podrían situarse en el registro cromático del negro. Sin embargo, la imbricación frecuente entre intereses públicos y privados de los agentes del Estado, vuelve cada vez más difícil identificar en qué momento las zonas grises entre el blanco y el negro, pueden ser permitidas, o bien, volverse reprochables. Estas zonas grises suelen implicar sanciones administrativas, o bien, permanecer como faltas de orden político. En la primera parte, se  efectúa una revisión de las causas que explican la prototípica falta de efectividad latinoamericana de las normas deontológicas. Sostiene que la principal causa de la debilidad de las sanciones frente a los frecuentes conflictos de intereses, se explica por el formalismo legal tan enraizado en nuestro continente. En la segunda parte, se plantea que los sistemas ideados en el continente (haciendo énfasis en el caso mexicano) se muestran rebasados, y poco adaptados a las realidades actuales. La probidad pública parece un reto imposible de asumir para las administraciones nacionales. De ahí que el autor plantea la posibilidad de implementar, en un mayor número de casos, mecanismos de soft law, que imbricados con los existentes de hard law, pudieran ofrecer mejores condiciones para el combate a estos actos reprochables. Que aunque parecieran insignificantes (por encontrarse fuera del ámbito penal), suelen ir construyendo los antecedentes de conductas penalmente sancionables.
Editorial
Authors: Folloni André , Hachem Daniel Wunder
Published: January 2020

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IN IDEOLOGY: THERE IS NO LONE-WOLF TERRORISM
Authors: Fadillah Firman , Machyawaty Tety , Suseno Bayu
Published: January 2020

The lone-wolf terrorism phenomenon certainly becomes an interesting object, both for researchers and those related to law-enforcement interests. Lone-wolf terrorism is also called as a lone warrior or a single fighter or a single warrior. Realistically and empirically it is very reasonable to be called lone-wolf terrorism because there is no trace of the relationship between the perpetrators of lone-wolf terrorism and a terrorism organization. In the scrutiny and rational research there is no lone wolf terrorism, due to the existence of a very clear ideological relationship between a terrorism groups with Lone-wolf terrorism.
THE PLACE OF RITUALS IN AFRICAN RELIGIOUS MOTIF AND NIGERIAN PENTECOSTAL CHURCHES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Alamu Akiti Glory , Dopamu Abiola Theresa
Published: January 2020

The notion of ritual is synonymous with virtually all religions. Thus, ritual is a dramatic transformation of the individual persons beyond the mundane by dint of social conventions which transcend class distinction with a sense of identity. As a re-enactment of sacred archetype, it strengthens and re-affirms the corporate beliefs, optimizes structure and re-invigorates the role of the individual in the society. Within the province of religion, ritual has primordial formality, transformative quality, sacred prototype and revitalizing sensuality which stimulates an awesome contrast with ordinary conduct. This primordial formality and transformative quality has made many Nigerian Pentecostals to believe that ritual motif does not exist in Christianity. The paper therefore adopts historical-liturgical and comparative approach with the view that ritual is not only most elaborate and celebrated in African religion but also among Nigerian Pentecostal believers. The paper seeks to posit that ritual is a paradigmatic intent and purpose of religion itself by applying symbols with intellectual and sensual images that promote individual with sense of identity. The paper therefore concludes that the place of ritual in all religions is incontestable.
THE CONCEPT OF CAPITAL CITY IN KAKAWIN NAGARAKERTAGAMA: CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE TOWARDS THE INDONESIA CAPITAL CITY RELOCATION MASTER PLAN
Authors: Radhitya Prahasya Muhammad Bilal , Wijayanto Muhammad Heno , Setyani Turita Indah
Published: January 2020

Indonesian government has officially announced the long-term decision to relocate the capital city from Jakarta to East Kalimantan, specifically in the districts of Penajam Paser Utara and Kutai Kertanegara. The announcement invites scholars and experts to deliver their opinions and conduct studies using several perspectives: politics, government, social, economics, and culture. This article aims at observing the Indonesian government masterplan to relocate the capital city from cultural perspective, specifically Javanese, by revealing the characteristics and concepts of capital city depicted in an Old Javanese literary work, Kakawin Nagarakertagama by Mpu Prapanca. Qualitative content analysis is applied in this study to interpret the research data. Research results showed that Kakawin Nagarakertagama contains cultural concepts and traditional values suitable to the development of a new capital city: (1) capital city as the center of civilization, (2) spatial management, and (3) resource management. This article concludes that those concepts are relevant to support the development of a capital city as the center of human civilization and the reflection of a developed nation.
Comparative Analysis of the Top Soil Properties under Forested and Deforested Zones: Implications for the Environment
Authors: Odekunle O. , O. Ogunbode T. , O. Ogungbile P.
Published: January 2020

An investigation was carried out to examine the properties of top soils between 0 and 15cm under both deforested and forested zones in Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria. Top soil samples in the deforested zone was taken from the Main Gate area of the institution while that of the forested zone was taken from the forested area opposite staff quarters of the University. The soil samples were subjected to standard laboratory tests in the University central laboratory. The results showed that deforested soil has sandy, clay and silt contents of 72.4%, 9.2% and 18.4% respectively while forested soil has 65.2%, 10.8% and 24% in the same order. Also it was discovered that soil under deforestation has organic carbon, organic matter, pH, field capacity, moisture and electrical conductivity of 0.32%, 0.55%, 6.8, 0.72 g, 126.9 g and 230 µʃ/cm respectively while soil under forest has 0.45%, 0.77%, 7.1, 0.90 g, 0.72 g, 129.2 g and 275 µʃ/cm in the same order. The implications of this results is that removal of vegetation contributes to the release of carbon into the atmosphere which increases atmospheric heat, alkalinity of soil, loss of soil nutrients and also could pose limits to the survival of plant growth and also susceptibility of soil to surface wash. Thus, it is recommended that effort should be made to checkmate the removal of vegetation and if unavoidable, relevant policies should be put in place for edge development and its maintenance and also, reforestation steps as remedies to ensure sustainable environment.
O Nome Social enquanto Política Pública nas Universidades Estaduais do Paraná
Authors: Silva Aline Oliveira Gomes da
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho, em seara das ciências sociais, converge sua atenção para as universidades estaduais do Paraná, centralizando seu objetivo em analisar o processo de regulamentação do uso do Nome Social para identificação de gênero envolvendo estudantes de graduação, professores, professoras, servidores e servidoras. Diante dessas questões, duas perguntas-chave norteiam o trabalho: como ocorrem as discussões sobre as regulamentações do uso do Nome Social nos diversos espaços das universidades estaduais do Paraná? Que relações existem entre a política pública do uso do Nome Social com as políticas de permanência estudantil no Ensino Superior do Paraná? Como metodologia, optou-se pela análise documental, buscando analisar como os grupos de atores e de atrizes, constituído por políticos, comunidade científica, militantes, movimentos sociais, docentes, estudantes, servidores técnicos, entre outros, têm se organizado diante da política pública envolvendo o Nome Social no estado do Paraná. Como procedimentos de investigação, nesta pesquisa qualitativa, também são utilizadas a revisão bibliográfica e questionários abertos. O estudo parte do pressuposto de que a universidade pública tem papel de destaque na difusão de teorias/práticas legitimadoras de direitos, num constante combate a toda forma de desigualdade, violência e discriminação. Estuda-se se a forma como a universidade assume seu papel sociocultural e político pode facilitar ou dificultar o acesso e a permanência de estudantes transgêneros, travestis e transexuais.
Paternidade e Masculinidades Negras Circunscritas: exercícios de autorreflexão emancipatórios
Authors: Pereira Artur Oriel , Santos Hasani Elioterio dos , Silva Alexandre Da
Published: January 2020

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre o gerenciamento da vida familiar às quais incluem as funções de zelo e educação das crianças, dos serviços domésticos e do equilíbrio do relacionamento afetivo, com vistas à compreensão de como homens negros pensam suas paternidades e masculinidades negras, bem como perceber de que forma isso emerge na cena contemporânea como realidades presentes em diferentes espaços sociais. Partimos de uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como método de pesquisa a realização de entrevistas semiestruturada realizadas com pais negros e um exame de uma narrativa cinematográfica contemporânea – Fences, Um Limite Entre Nós (2017) – ambientado em Pittsburgh nos Estados Unidos dos anos 1960. Para isso, alternamos as interlocuções dos participantes, análises e discussões com os sentidos aparentes do filme. Tomamos como referencial teórico as pesquisas desenvolvidas por Connell (1995; 1998), Awkward (2001), Hall (2003), bell hooks (2004), Grossi (2004), Botton (2007), Fanon (2008), Miskolci (2012), Faustino (2014), Davis (2016) e Santos; Antunez (2018). A masculinidade negra enrijecida sob os pilares hegemônicos da modernidade ocidental e que com o colonialismo se expande tornando-se um modelo arriscado e traumatizante pela qual os homens negros estão circunscritos é um território carregado de conflitos, mas como um ato de resistência e reexistência alguns homens negros estão se reinventando com a conscientização de suas paternidades.
Aborto legal e direitos reprodutivos femininos: concepções de trabalhadoras da enfermagem de uma maternidade pública paulistana
Authors: Siqueira Anna Carolina Arena , Modesto Antônio Augusto Dall´Agnol , Couto Márcia Thereza , Cabral Cristiane , Machin Rosana
Published: January 2020

O referencial teórico e legal de direitos reprodutivos brasileiros foram delineados a partir dos preceitos da Organização Mundial da Saúde, na perspectiva de extrapolar os aspectos biomédicos alcançando os determinantes sociais do processo saúde-doença e das relações de gênero. A temática do aborto, criminalizado no país, está inserida no debate e implementação das normas e condutas para os profissionais de saúde, incluindo a equipe de enfermagem. Este artigo objetiva explicitar concepções de trabalhadoras da enfermagem de uma maternidade pública paulistana acerca dos impactos do aborto (legal/inseguro) e desfechos reprodutivos relacionados a este sobre seu cotidiano do trabalho. Trata-se de investigação qualitativa, realizada entre 2016 e 2017, com uso de observações participantes e dez entrevistas em profundidade. O conjunto desse material empírico foi analisado por técnica de triangulação de métodos e o processo analítico foi desenvolvido sob referencial conceitual hermenêutico-filosófico dando origem a duas categorias temáticas: “A enfermagem tem sexo”: contextualizando o serviço investigado; O aborto provocado e os desfechos reprodutivos a ele associados Foi possível depreender que as trabalhadoras da enfermagem tinham dificuldade em lidar com o aborto, sinalizando os desafios da superlotação, poucos funcionários e desamparo técnico/psicológico que permeavam esse enfrentamento. Explicitaram julgamentos controversos frente à temática, ora solidários, ora pejorativos. Conclui-se que a experiência cotidiana de trabalho em contextos agravados pela carência de recursos materiais e suporte psicológico era fonte de angústia e desgaste para as entrevistadas e se faz necessário desvelar suas concepções sobre o aborto para efetivação do cuidado pautado na humanização.
A Primeira da Família: vivências de mulheres negras da Universidade Federal da Bahia
Authors: Bittencourt Anne , Genonádio Ananda , Almeida Bruno , Anice Caroline
Published: January 2020

O presente trabalho discute trajetórias acadêmicas de três mulheres negras e cotistas dos cursos de Medicina, Direito e Psicologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). O ingresso e permanência de mulheres negras na universidade são, geralmente, marcados por dificuldades relacionadas ao processo histórico de negação de determinadas populações a espaços de produção de conhecimento. O estudo evidencia elementos que, na contramão desse processo, fomentaram a permanência universitária, destacando as ações afirmativas. Trata-se de um estudo de casos. Como resultados, ressaltam-se: como as experiências raciais incidiram sobre o desejo de ingressar no ensino superior; efeitos das políticas públicas, redes sociais/afetivas e atividades universitárias nas trajetórias; e repercussões do racismo na saúde mental. Incluir a perspectiva racial nos estudos é construir subsídios para políticas mais amplas de reparação das desigualdades raciais, sociais e de gênero.
Raça e Gênero no corpo docente da Universidade Federal do Pampa
Authors: Soares Cristiane Barbosa , Da Silva Fabiane Ferreira
Published: January 2020

O artigo propõe problematizar o perfil docente da Universidade Federal do Pampa, a partir da intersecção de gênero e raça. Para tanto, adotamos como proposta metodológica a etnografia de documentos a fim de analisar os dados da universidade e os cadastrados nos currículos lattes das(os) docentes. A análise mostrou que o corpo docente apresenta-se como majoritariamente branco e com as áreas de conhecimento consideradas femininas ocupadas predominantemente por mulheres e as consideradas masculinas ocupadas por homens. Tais dados retratam a baixa representatividade de negras(os) no corpo docente da instituição e, ainda, a persistência da dicotomia de gênero nas áreas do conhecimento, o que mostra a resistência do meio acadêmico em romper com as desigualdades raciais e de gênero.
Ironias sertanejas: sobre os vazios e arbítrios de Bacurau
Authors: Cazarim da Silva Thiago
Published: January 2020

O presente texto tenta apresentar uma resenha do multipremiado filme Bacurau (Kleber Mendonça Filho e Juliano Dornelles) tomando como ponto de partida a apreciação negativa do referido filme feita pelo crítico de cinema Miguel Forlin (2019) no caderno Estado da Arte, do Estadão. Advirto antecipadamente, porém, que não se trata de uma mera defesa de Bacurau ou refutação de Forlin, mas sim de um confronto (crítico) da crítica com seu objeto, no qual certas redundâncias talvez precisem se afirmar para recuperar aquilo que, no segundo, tenha escapado à primeira.
La Red del Laboratorio Iberoamericano para el Estudio Sociohistórico de las Sexualidades (Red LIESS): la integración en Latinoamérica y la producción de conocimiento
Authors: Costa Patrícia Rosalba Salvador Moura
Published: January 2020

Entre los días 26 y 28 de septiembre de 2018 en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(UNAM), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala se celebró la cuarta edición del Congreso Internacional sobre Estudios de Diversidad Sexual en Iberoamérica –CIEDSI, en este momento entrevistamos el profesor José María Valcuende del Río de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide-España, que habló sobre la constituición de la Red del Laboratorio Iberoamericano para el Estudio Sociohistórico de las Sexualidades (Red LIESS) y de las ediciones del Congreso Internacional sobre Estudios de Diversidad Sexual en Iberoamérica
Efeitos da utilização da realidade virtual na marcha e no equilíbrio de indivíduos com doença de Parkinson: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Ezequiel Diego Jorge Souza , Viana João Victor Andrada , Ribeiro Nildo Manoel Da Silva
Published: January 2020

Introdução: a  marcha  e  o  equilíbrio  são  funções  motoras  afetadas  nos portadores da doença de Parkinson (DP). Nesse contexto, surgem os modelos de terapia com uso da realidade virtual (RV) para a melhora da capacidade motora desses indivíduos. Objetivo: analisar os efeitos da terapia com RV na marcha e no equilíbrio de pacientes com DP. Metodologia: procedeu-se a uma revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos randomizados sobre a RV na reabilitação da marcha e do equilíbrio em pacientes com DP. A busca foi realizada através das bases de dados PubMED, LILACs, PEDro, Cochrane, SciELO em maio de 2019. Este trabalho seguiu a recomendação PRISMA de elaboração de revisão sistemática. Resultados: cinco estudos foram incluídos com um total de 233 portadores da DP. A análise mostrou que houve eficácia na utilização da RV em melhorar a marcha e o equilíbrio desses pacientes, porém não foram encontradas diferenças significativas quando comparado às terapias convencionais. Conclusão: a terapia com RV se mostra eficaz para os pacientes com DP. Os desfechos de marcha e equilíbrio tiveram melhorias consideráveis. No entanto, não se deve preconizar a utilização desse modelo de terapia em detrimento de modelos mais convencionais, devido ao fato de eles não apresentarem grandes diferenças nos resultados obtidos.
 
NASEM on barriers to services for OUDs and infectious diseases
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: January 2020

Workforce shortages, stigma, financial barriers and policy obstacles are standing in the way of integrating services for opioid use disorder (OUD) and infectious diseases, even though these two epidemics are co‐occurring and related, according to a report issued last month by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM).
Phase Transition Mechanism and Mechanical Properties of AlCrFe2Ni2 High‐Entropy Alloys with Changes in the Applied Carbon Content
Authors: Li Zhe , You Junhua , Guo Yaozu , Li Chengze , Zhang Yufeng , Liu Ziyu
Published: January 2020

To understand the effect of carbon addition on dual‐phase high‐entropy alloys (HEAs), the mechanism of phase transition and mechanical properties of AlCrFe2Ni2Cx (x = 0, 0.06, 0.12, 0.18, 0.24) are investigated systematically. The results show that carbon addition induced the growth and aggregate of disordered noodle‐like face‐centered cubic (FCC) phases. The volume fraction of the FCC phase increases from 33.2% to 51.2% as the C content increases. The Al and Ni in the alloys are segregated at the phase boundaries. Disappearance of the spinodal decomposition structure compose of a disordered body‐centered cubic (BCC) structure and an ordered BCC structure (B2). The BCC phase transform into a spherical B2 phase with increasing C content. The experimental mechanical properties show that the yield strength of the HEAs is closely related to the volume fraction of BCC phase as the C content increases. The ε phase (Cr, C carbonization) precipitate in an FCC phase when the C content is above 2.0 at%. The hardness of the HEAs increases from 310 to 357 HV as the C content increases. The compressive strength and the fracture strain of the alloy decreases as the C content increases.
Characterization of Microstructures Formed during Nonequilibrium Thermal Cycles in a TiAl Alloy Fabricated by Direct Metal Deposition
Authors: Wu Yu , Cheng Xu , Zhang Shuquan , Tian Xiangjun , He Bei , Wang Huaming
Published: January 2020

A super‐fast cooling rate in the direct metal deposition (DMD) process causes the appearance of nonequilibrium microstructures in TiAl alloy, which will then continue to transfer during subsequent thermal cycles until the final stable state is achieved. Herein, the formation mechanisms of nonequilibrium microstructures in a DMDed TiAl alloy during thermal cycles by elaborately characterizing the crystallographic orientation relationship between γ and original α phase using the electron‐backscattered diffraction technique are studied. The results indicate that γ variants are in the twin/pseudo‐twinning or order domain relationship with each other within a single (α2 + γ) lamellar colony. In addition, feathery‐like lamellae nucleate from the parent α grain first and then grow into the neighboring α grain through the successive precipitation of γ lamellae. In addition, it is speculated that γ grains nucleate at lamellar colony boundaries when the peak temperature is below α transus temperature during thermal cycles, and then they spread into the adjacent host lamellar colony through the successive twinning mechanism. Meanwhile, lamellae can generate from the phase boundary between γ grains and (α2 + γ) lamellar colony during the growth of γ grains.
Stretchable Energy‐Harvesting Tactile Interactive Interface with Liquid‐Metal‐Nanoparticle‐Based Electrodes
Authors: Yang Yijia , Han Jing , Huang Jinrong , Sun Jia , Wang Zhong Lin , Seo Soonmin , Sun Qijun
Published: January 2020

Energy‐harvesting electronic skin (E‐skin) is highly promising for sustainable and self‐powered interactive systems, wearable human health monitors, and intelligent robotics. Flexible/stretchable electrodes and robust energy‐harvesting components are critical in constructing soft, wearable, and energy‐autonomous E‐skin systems. A stretchable energy‐harvesting tactile interactive interface is demonstrated using liquid metal nanoparticles (LM‐NPs)‐based electrodes. This stretchable energy‐harvesting tactile interface relies on triboelectric nanogenerator composed of a galinstan LM‐NP‐based stretchable electrode and patterned elastic polymer friction and encapsulation layer. It provides stable and high open‐circuit voltage (268 V), short‐circuit current (12.06 µA), and transferred charges (103.59 nC), which are sufficient to drive commercial portable electronics. As a self‐powered tactile sensor, it presents satisfactory and repeatable sensitivity of 2.52 V·kPa−1 and is capable of working as a touch interactive keyboard. The demonstrated stretchable and robust energy‐harvesting E‐skin using LM‐NP‐based electrodes is of great significance in sustainable human–machine interactive system, intelligent robotic skin, security tactile switches, etc.
Viewpoint: Pavlovian Materials—Functional Biomimetics Inspired by Classical Conditioning
Authors: Zhang Hang , Zeng Hao , Priimagi Arri , Ikkala Olli
Published: January 2020

Herein, it is discussed whether the complex biological concepts of (associative) learning can inspire responsive artificial materials. It is argued that classical conditioning, being one of the most elementary forms of learning, inspires algorithmic realizations in synthetic materials, to allow stimuli‐responsive materials that learn to respond to a new stimulus, to which they are originally insensitive. Two synthetic model systems coined as “Pavlovian materials” are described, whose stimuli‐responsiveness algorithmically mimics programmable associative learning, inspired by classical conditioning. The concepts minimally need a stimulus‐triggerable memory, in addition to two stimuli, i.e., the unconditioned and the originally neutral stimuli. Importantly, the concept differs conceptually from the classic stimuli‐responsive and shape‐memory materials, as, upon association, Pavlovian materials obtain a given response using a new stimulus (the originally neutral one); i.e., the system evolves to a new state. This also enables the functionality to be described by a logic diagram. Ample room for generalization to different stimuli and memory combinations is foreseen, and opportunities to develop future adaptive materials with ever‐more intelligent functions are expected.