bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eddison Walters Modern Economic Analysis Theory: Building on the Eddison Walters Risk Expectation Theory of The Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008
Authors: Walters Eddison T.
Published: July 2020

The results of several recent studies called the analysis of economic data from the United States real estate industry preceding the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008 into question. Advancement of technology is a disruptive force throughout the economy today. The speed at which technology continues to evolve has resulted in significant changes throughout the entire economy around the world. As technology continue to evolve, there is no question technology disruption will continue to occur. Economist can no longer rely solely on backward looking historical data when conducting economic analysis. The evolution of the global economy require an understanding of the impact of advancement in technology occurring throughout the economy as researcher conduct analysis of data to draw conclusions. The result of recent studies led to the development of “Eddison Walters Modern Economic Analysis Theory”. Data analysis suggesting the false conclusion of the existence of a real estate bubble in the United States real estate market preceding the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008 was presented in Walters and Djokic (2019). Nonlinear regression analysis for correlation of variables in Walters (2019) resulted in 194.041 Mean Dependent Variable, 0.989 Adjusted R-square, 5.908 Square Error of Regression, and 488.726 Sum-of-Square Residual for the independent variable of “advancement in technology”, and the dependent variable of “home purchase price” preceding the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008. Walters (2019) concluded advancement in technology was the most significant factor causing home prices to increase preceding the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008. Overwhelming evidence led the researcher to conclude, the failure to consider the impact of advancement in technology in data analysis was the most significant error responsible for causing data analysis distortion leading to the false conclusion of the existence of a real estate bubble preceding the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008 (Walters, 2020). The researcher proposed “Eddison Walters Modern Economic Analysis Theory” in the current study. The goal of the new theory is to prevent potential error in data analysis resulting in data distortion due to the failure to consider the impact of advancement in technology on the data when conducting economic research in the future.
Marketing Intelligence And Sustainable Competitive Advantage Of Selected Small And Medium Scale Businesses In Ekiti: An Overview Babatunde
Authors: BABATUNDE Eniola Moyinoluwa
Published: July 2020

The study examined the effect of marketing intelligence on the sustainance of competitive advantage among Small and Medium Scale businesses in Ekiti State. Specific objectives investigated in this study are competitors’ threat; and competitive risk and their influences on sustainable competitive advantage in Small and Medium Scale businesses. The target population of the study comprised of 84 SMEs operators in Oye-Ekiti Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria as registered with Ministry of Commerce, Industries and Cooperatives, Ekiti State. The sample size of the study is 69 respondents. Frequency and percentages were used for descriptive statistics respondents to view questions of research instrument. Inferential statistics were also used to achieve objectives I, II and multiple regression analyses were employed to test the hypotheses. It was found that Competitor’s threat: potential competitor (p= 0.013). Competitive risk: Marketplace Change (p= 0.000), Intelligence-based assessment (p= 0.000) are determinants of sustainable competitive advantage as far as SMEs are concerned in Ekiti State. .The study concluded and revealed that salesmen do share information about competitors in the market and recommended that there should be rapid response to competitive action to achieve their goals.
Training of Geography Teachers for Secondary Schools at University in Uganda: An Analysis of Gulu University Teacher Trainees’ Teaching Practice.
Authors: Nuwategeka Expedito , Odama Stephen
Published: July 2020

The changes in learner characteristics and the learning environment in the twenty first century calls for adjustments in teacher training to meet the needs of the contemporary  learners. This study analyses training of geography teachers at Gulu University with the view of assessing the application of contemporary geography teaching methodologies for the twenty first century learners. Time- series data were collected from teacher trainees’ lesson plans used during school practice running for three consecutive years of 2016, 2017, and 2018. Teaching methods as well as types of instructional materials were extracted from eighty one lessons taught by teacher trainees in thirty six schools in both rural and urban Uganda. Using SPSS 16.0 software, data was analysed to generate frequencies, counts and cross-tabulations. Findings reveal that question and answer method was the most used while guided discovery was the least used, followed by demonstration. Fieldwork and project methods were not used at all. It was also found out that in 12% of all the lessons, there was no use of instructional materials in the teaching/learning process. The study recommends that the curriculum structure of future geography teacher trainees be improved to factor in contemporary teaching styles which use modern teaching equipment relevant to the current generation of technology and learners, and the training of lecturers who mentor geography teacher trainees at universities be institutionalized.
The Effect Of Social Contacts On The Spreads Of Covid-19 In Indonesia
Authors: Fadilah Mariatul , Arsinta Dewi
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Covid-19 is an infectious disease. Matrix that is often used to identify transmission of infectious diseases dynamics is Basic Reproduction Number (R0). R0 is influenced by 3 parameters there are transmissibility (τ), average contact (c) and duration of infectiousness (d). Transmissibility and duration of infectiousness are constant values. The value of R0 will fluctuate if the rate of human interaction varies. The value of social contact different in every country. In Indonesia, there are no studies that discuss the value of social contact. Therefore researchers aims to find out these values and determine their effect on the spread of Covid-19.

Method: This research was a descriptive observational study. Aims of the study is evaluate the pattern of social contact associated with the spread of covid-19. Data was collected using POLYMOD questionnaire that distributed via google form. The research sample was Indonesian people who were reached by distributing questionnaires. The data obtained then analyzed using the SPSS program to find the frequency distribution, mean of social contact and logistic regression analysis.

Results: From this study, 6464 contacts were obtained from 1032 respondents with average number of contacts 6.26 and R0 2.191.

Conclusion: The higher of contact value the higher risk of transmission. The R0 value obtained is 2.191, so one infected person might be able to transmit it to two other people around them. Individuals who are most at risk for transmission is male with low education levels and students.
From Replacement Migrations to the “Great Replacement”: Demographic Reproduction and National Populism in Europe
Authors: Domingo Andreu
Published: July 2020

This article aims to analyse how the distorted story about demographic evolution—demographic reproduction and its relationship with social stratification—is becoming substantial enough to erode democracy. In order to demonstrate this, it first analyses the origin of the “Great Replacement” metaphor that is used to refer to international migration, inside and outside the discipline of demography, as part of an allegory referring to demographic transformations in the twenty-first century, together with the metaphors “demographic winter” (referring to population ageing), and “demographic suicide” (when speaking of declining fertility). Second, it relates these three metaphors with right-wing national populist movements and explains how they have developed as conspiracy theories.
The Jurisprudence Of The Sokoto State Administration Of Criminal Justice Law 2019: Innovative Provisions, Redlines And Suggestions For Future Reforms
Authors: Abdullahi Ibrahim
Published: July 2020

This article appraises the jurisprudence, innovative provisions, redlines inherent in the Sokoto State Administration of Criminal Justice Law 2019 and make suggestions for future reforms. Sokoto State is one of States in Nigeria that has domesticated the Administration of Criminal Justice Act 2015 (ACJA 2015) through the signing into law of the Sokoto State Administration of Criminal Justice Law, 2019 by his Excellency, the Executive Governor of Sokoto State, Rt. Hon. Aminu Waziri Tambuwal (Mutawallen Sokoto) to take care of the problems of incessant delay in the criminal justice system. This article uses the doctrinal research methodology in gathering information’s and observes the need to look holistically at the issue of poor draftsmanship while provisions that runs counter to the Constitution should be addressed. The article recommended amongst others that the provisions relating to expeditious legal advice from the office of the Attorney General of Sokoto State and prohibition against lay prosecutions cannot be effective if the manpower at the Ministry of Justice is not improved upon and the welfare of the lawyers at the said Ministry is not taken care of. Barring the above, it is a new dawn for Sokoto State in the administration of Criminal Justice.
Aging, Vulnerability and Managing Type 2 Diabetes During a Pandemic
Authors: McConatha Jasmin Tahmaseb
Published: July 2020

Older men and women have been found to be more vulnerable to negative outcomes should they contract Covid19, particularly if they also have comorbid conditions such as type 2 diabetes. Cultural, racial, ethnic, and social class differences exist in vulnerability to Covid19 and in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. In the United States, for example, diabetes rates for minority and immigrant populations are higher than for non-Hispanic whites. During the a social health crisis, it is helpful to explore the ways that illness management and associated vulnerability influences the ways that minority elders attempt to maintain and promote their well-being. This paper presents a case study example of an older immigrant woman, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, and her struggle to manage her illness during a pandemic. The risk of developing diabetes in the United States is 3 to 1 and risks increase with age (American Diabetes Association, 2020).  Almost 50 % of black women as well as Hispanic men and women will develop diabetes in their lifetime (CDC, 2019). Disparities such as these have their origin in intersecting risk factors such as health care and lifestyle factors such as tress, poverty, weight, diet, and exercise patterns. Being a member of an ethnic minority and being overweight are the two significant factors associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes. During the coronavirus epidemic, these same factors also increase the risk for infection and for greater complications, even death as a result of infection (Society for Women’s Health Research, 2020). This essay illustrates the increased vulnerability and challenges including loneliness facing older women with type 2 diabetes during pandemic isolation.
From the Fiction to the Film: The Adaptation, reconsitution and recreation of The Wandering Earth
Authors: YANG Sifang
Published: July 2020

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Effectiveness of Organizing a Non-Face to Face Tutorial Package System in Distance Education
Authors: Budiastra A.A. Ketut , Kusmawan Udan , Hanafi
Published: July 2020

At this time, the number of students of elementary school teacher programs at the Universitas Terbuka (UT) in one study group as many as 20-30 people in some places there is a tendency challenging to be fulfilled. This challenge because most elementary school teachers already have a bachelor's degree. Meanwhile, the location of students at this time tends to be increasingly scattered with distant geographical areas, so it is necessary to provide a particular service called the Non-Face to Face Tutorial Package System (NFFTPS) for Practical/Practicum courses. The sample in this study was the undergraduate students of elementary school teacher programs in the regional office of Pangkalpinang, Serang, Bandung, Denpasar, Ambon, amounting to 75 respondents. This research is categorized as a qualitative descriptive study. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the NFFTPS program has been implemented quite well. However, in its implementation, there are still many obstacles encountered and need to be refined in the future. Besides, there is a need for a synergy of academic guidance services for NFFTPS programs in regional office and UT central so that they can provide quality, appropriate, timely, and targeted services.
Obstructions for learners in the use of ICT in KSA institutions
Authors: Alharbi Omran
Published: July 2020

The advancement of digital technology has a great influence on the development of many areas of modern life. Over recent years, e-learning systems have managed to gain a competitive edge over the more traditional methods of learning. The learning and teaching techniques employed by e-learning systems allow more flexibility and provide freedom from the restrictions of time, location, physical presence and other aspects of traditional learning. Nevertheless, e-learning does have its own drawbacks, and research into the barriers to learning will assist in overcoming some of the problems associated with e-learning success. This study attempts to determine the obstacles that can influence the success of ICT within institutions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This qualitative research examined the obstacles of the use of ICT in the education process from learner’s perspectives and the potential solutions that can help to reduce these obstacles. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven e-learning students from one Saudi University. Purposive sample techniques were used with participants, and the results revealed that there were many barriers that hindered learners from benefitting from the use of ICT in education. These obstacles included lack of technical support, technical issues, lack of English language, lack of design e-course materials, and lack of motivation. In addition, a number of solutions were considered in this study.
The Influence Of Students’ Attitude Towards Economics As A Course Of Study On Academic Performance In University Of Lagos, Lagos State
Authors: Filade Bankole Adeyemi , Omozokpia Davidson Osagie , Uwannah Ngozi , Amanze Samuel , Ajibola Iyadunni Esther , Omotosho Tominiyi
Published: July 2020

The decline in students’ academic performance in Economics as a course of study in the last decade is worrisome. This study therefore seeks to investigate influence of students’ attitude towards Economics as a course of study on academic performance in the University of Lagos.

The study adopted descriptive survey research design and made use of a sample of One hundred and twenty (120) undergraduate students randomly selected from Economics Education cohort, Faculty of Education, University of Lagos, Akoka.  A self-developed questionnaire of 34 items was used to collect information from the students after its validity and reliability (r=0.68) were determined with the use of split half method. The data collected were analysed using Mean, Standard Deviation, and Simple Percentage while Chi-square, independent t-test and One-way Anova statistical tools were used to analyse three hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance using (SPSS) testing program. The study revealed that there is significance influence of students’ attitude towards economics as a course on academic performance. Both male and female students have almost the same attitude towards economics as a course. Also, the attitude of students towards economics as a course is the same at different academic levels. In the light of the study`s results, the researchers presented a number of recommendations and proposals the most important of which are: Ministry of education should organize orientation programmes against wrong attitude of undergraduate students towards economics as a course in order to improve their motivation and academic performance. Since gender does not affect the attitude of students towards economics as a course, teaching and learning of economics as a course should be done freely among the students of different sexes. Seminars and symposiums should be organized by university management for Economics department, Faculty of Education about the prospects of the course to motivate them towards academic excellence.
Time Orientation and its Relationship with Goal Orientation
Authors: Atoum Adnan , Al-Bashtawi Khaled , Al-Momani Abdel Lateef
Published: July 2020

The objectives of the study are to investigate time orientation and goal orientation levels in light of some variables, and to identify the relationship between the two variables. The sample of the study consists of 698 male and female students studding at Yarmouk University.   Zimbardo and Boyd (1999) Time Orientation Scale and Abu Ghazal et al., (2013) Goal Orientation Scale are used after assessing the validity and reliability for both scales.  The results of the study showed that the past positive domain in time orientation ranked first, followed by future past negative, present hedonism, present fatalistic, respectively. The results also showed that the domain of mastery-approach in goal orientations ranked first, followed by performance-avoidance, and finally performance-approach. The results of the study indicated a statistically significant positive correlations between future time orientation and mastery- approach goal orientation, and between past negative time orientation and performance- avoidance goal orientation. There are statistically significant positive correlations between time orientation domains and goals orientations domains except a negative correlation between present fatalistic time orientation and mastery-approach goal orientation
Medical English vs. Literary English: A Contrastive Analysis
Authors: AHMAD JAMEEL
Published: July 2020

The present study tends to determine what kinds of linguistic features and styles distinguish Medical English from literary English. Corpus analyses of both the varieties were taken into account. Ten scientific research papers drawn from each genre were linguistically analyzed. It was found that the kind of English used in Medical sciences is marked with accuracy, precision and hybridized language mixed with Latin and French. Medical scientists reveal proven facts and findings whereas literary writers just illustrate their creative thoughts with illusions, allusions and figurative language. Literary language contains non universal features and represents the artist's inner self which doesn't at all need extraneous and empirical evidence to put forth his spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling. On the contrary, medical language needs empirical experience and experimental validity. The investigation also suggests that medical English contains more passivation, nominalization, lexical density and foregrounding which are found far less in literary English. Moreover, medical scientists unlike literary artists , are adhered to a clearly defined IMRAD structure which contains Introduction, Methods, Result and Discussion sections.
School Heads Leadership and Attributes and Teachers’ Morale: Its Impication to School Performance
Authors: Buenvinida Lerma P. , Tamayo Rea G.
Published: July 2020

This study determined the relationship among the school heads’ leadership and attributes, teachers’ morale and implication to school performance. Respondents of the study were 68 school heads and 532 teachers from public elementary schools of the Division of Laguna. The Level of Teacher’s Morale in terms of Teacher Rapport with Principal scored as good; while in terms of Satisfaction with Teaching was found moderately satisfied.  Further, the relationship between school head leadership and professional attributes and teacher’s Morale in terms of rapport and personal and professional attributes are evident using the Chi-Square Test of Independence. The correlation between Building High Performance Team scores and Teacher Morale in terms of rapport comes out to be highly significant. However, School Leadership in terms of Problem Solving and Coordinating with Others and Leading & Managing Changes were not significant. For Interpersonal Sensitivity of School Heads and Teacher Morale in terms of rapport, the correlation is significant at p<.05. There are significant relationships between leading and managing changes to cohort survival, interpersonal sensitivity and completion rate with p<.05; and relationship between Teacher’s Morale in terms of satisfaction to completion rate. School heads need to evaluate and monitor the training needs assessment to address teachers’ professional growth and assist in improvement of the school performance. A similar research can be conducted to determine the validity of the relationship between teacher’s morale and school performance and to verify the results of this study.
Leveraging Intellectual Capital And Intellectual Assets: Using Policies and Procedures As Mechanisms to Create Value
Authors: Hoo Wayne E. Soo , Breezee Jack
Published: July 2020

This article proposes that Intellectual Capital (CI) is to be considered equivalent to any other asset contributing to the goals and obligations of the organization. To augment CI, Soo Hoo and Beam (2012) developed a writing format for procedures, the workhorse of intellectual assets. This format is designed to meet the information-seeking needs of the employees.
The Influences of Economic Diversification and the mediating Effect of Industrial Development on Economic Growth in Oman: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Al Yahyai Nasr , Azalina Aza , Supian Kamisah
Published: July 2020

Industry is at the heart of a government's plans to transform the economy from a resource-based economy to a value-added one. Economic diversification is vital to countries’ long-term economic growth, but many resource-rich countries remain heavily reliant on revenues generated by natural resources such as mineral or oil production. In Oman, the fall in price oil compelled the government to rethink about development and economic plans in order to improve the living conditions of the population. The main objective of economic diversification agenda is to increase the contribution of these sectors to the gross national product (GDP) of Oman, raise production and create more jobs for these sectors. New technologies will promote the achievement of inclusive, sustainable industrial development through its creation and absorption. New innovations allow businesses to bring new products into the market and improve production efficiency. In addition, industrial development generates new employment and profit incentives. More products and productivity of production also add to the growth of the economy. Industrial development at the same time leads to the manufacture and diffusion of emerging technology. Only by industrialization can economies, industries and businesses build and maintain the requisite technical transition capabilities. This paper presents a conceptual or research framework that identifies the mediating effect of industrial development in the relationship between economic diversification and economic growth in Oman. Two main factors are considered, i.e., the strategic drivers consisting of economic and non-economic variables, and industrial development initiatives. The paper concludes with the discussion on the formulations of hypothesis statements that describe the inter-relationships between the constructs in the conceptual framework. It is expected that the proposed framework can be further verified and tested by using empirical research work.
Current education, an innovative change to improve university education through innovation and collaborative work
Authors: Velázquez Jorge
Published: July 2020

Education must migrate to issues that today's society demands, attending to present and future scenarios in order to provide efficient and effective solutions. The study aims to demonstrate that collaborative work impacts the personal, educational and work relationships of students. The work is supported by quantitative data applied to an enrollment of 70 university students. As an innovation, the strategies that are implemented to enhance the abilities and skills of the students are elucidated. In Amazcala, 45% of respondents say that teachers are not up-to-date, 52% of the sample alludes that educational innovation does not help promote collaborative work, and 83% mentioned that they have never managed innovation in class. In this sense, innovation, collaborative work, communication and the use of technology are factors that have a direct impact in the educational field because through them the student can acquire a full development in his school career and in the workplace, what permeates the path that current education must follow to develop favorable knowledge in students who are about to enter the professional field.
The Relationships Between Need-Supportive Interactions With Peers and Teachers, Perceived Academic Control, and Academic Success
Authors: Mohamedhoesein Nasser
Published: July 2020

This study discusses the relationships between students' need-supportive interactions, perceived academic control, and academic success. The survey involved 192 undergraduate students from different applied sciences universities in The Netherlands. The study examined if students' interactions with peers and teachers, in support of their needs (relatedness, autonomy, and competence), would improve perceptions of academic control and academic success. The constructs of perceived academic control, basic psychological needs, and students’ formal and informal interaction with peers and teachers were linked to each other in a path model. The findings of path analysis showed that need-supportive interactions predicted positive perceptions of academic control and academic success. Most relevant to positive perceptions of academic control were students' formal interactions with peers and teachers supporting their autonomy and competence. Positive perceptions of academic control subsequently supported academic success.
Information and Communication Technology skills for Effective Competence Based Curriculum Implementation in Kenya
Authors: Ndiritu Anne , Gatotoh Augustine
Published: July 2020

The vision of education service delivery in Kenya is to have an internationally competitive quality education, training and research for sustainable development. More developed countries are associated with their great investment in human capital. They are also associated with development of ICT which has led to improved standards of living and good governance. This study was carried out on 395 pre-school teachers who were undertaking their in-service training in Kiambu County. The study sort to establish ICT whether the teachers engaged in ECD centers had any skills in ICT. This study further sort to establish whether there was integration of ICT in teaching and learning in selected preschools in Kenya.  A researcher designed questionnaire was used  in the study. A total of 60.83 % of the total population had no knowledge of ICT and therefore did not integrate ICT in their teaching and learning in the selected preschools. All the teachers expressed that the government had not sponsored them for ICT training and the little they had they had sponsored themselves.  Grounded on these findings the study recommended that the government should be on the forefront to not only invest in ICT infrastructure but also in education of teachers in ICT. With the paradigm shift in the Kenya’s education curriculum this concern should be immediate.  The government should take up the responsibility of ensuring that all teachers are exposed to ICT skills since these will change their interaction with the students who are quite ahead of their teachers in technology.
Technology Bill of Rights Needed to Protect Human and Environmental Health and the U. S. Constitutional Republic
Authors: Herndon J. Marvin , Whiteside Mark
Published: July 2020

For the protection of humanity and the planetary environment in general, and American citizens in particular, what is needed, we posit, is a set of new Constitutional Amendments that collectively form a second Bill of Rights, a Technology Bill of Rights, to protect our freedoms, health, air, water, agriculture, and the planetary environment from deliberate perversion and alteration. We describe the rationale for said Technology Bill of Rights that would: (1) Prohibit the application of any technique or method for changing – through the deliberate manipulation of natural processes – the dynamics, composition or structure of the Earth, including its biota, lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere, or of outer space; (2) Prohibit the application of any technique, including software-based process or platform or method for violating individuals free speech, censoring, altering, editing, deleting, excluding, blacklisting, or engaging in any activities that potentially bias votes or deceive the public on matters of health and/or environmental harm; and, (3) Prohibit activities of such scale and nature that would intentionally or unintentionally alter the complex but delicate balance in nature by and between myriad biota and their environments that makes our planet habitable for life. Whereas the meaning of (1) and (2) above is clear, (3) necessitates further clarification that may be inferred from the following non-exclusive examples of prohibited activities: ● Use of metallic and/or nano-particulate additions to aircraft fuel; ● Excessive launching of satellites, numbering in the tens of thousands, whose rocket exhaust might damage the ozone layer; ● Excessive exposure of humans and other biota to electromagnetic radiation; ● Use of electromagnetic radiation to heat the ionosphere; ● Pollution of air, land, water, agriculture, and aquaculture by particulates, toxic chemicals, heavy metals, radioactive nuclides, and bio-toxins; and, ● Strict oversight of biotechnology/bioengineering, including prohibition of gain-of-function experiments with potential pandemic pathogens.
Interdyscyplinarny charakter kulturoznawczego pojęcia kultury
Authors: Walczak Monika
Published: July 2020

Two tendencies determine the use of the concept of culture within Polish cultural studies: the tendency to understand culture in a generalized, comprehensive way and the tendency to narrow it down, to particularize it. The former tendency is visible, among other things, in the concept of culture adopted by the main founding traditions of Polish cultural studies: the Wrocław tradition established by Stanisław Pietraszko and the Poznań tradition introduced by Jerzy Kmita. The latter tendency is inherent in these conceptions of cultural studies that take as their object different fragments of culture for example contemporary culture, or artistic culture. The problem of interdisciplinarity presented in the paper is asked in the context of the notion of culture specific for cultural studies. The paper investigates, whether and in what sense the concept of culture is interdisciplinary. Do cultural studies researchers employ a specific notion of culture shared by them and suitable therefore to perform the function of integrating cultural studies as the domain of interdisciplinary studies? Which notionof culture – the general or the particular one – can serve the purpose better?
W obronie nauk europejskich i miejsca w nich filozofii
Authors: Drozdowicz Zbigniew
Published: July 2020

The need for defending European sciences of attempts to imposing onto them American patterns of functioning is for me an obvious matter. This threat occurred already in the first decades of the last century (these were pointed out among others by Max Weber). Since then this process of americanization (called today implementing of the Bologna process) has increased, finding support within ministerial assemblies, deciding on the directions of development of these sciences, as well among scholars who’s research might be easily translated into practical applications. I do not claim that such research is not important for the progress of science. I do claim however that recognizing this research as the only one that matters and supporting them practically (for example through granting them a larger part of financial means) and depriving of the so called “philosophical core” is not just making them shallow but also an evidence for not understanding what science was, is and should be. I support my claims in this matter through the opinions of Edmund Husserl and Allan Bloom.
Dynamika i struktura grupy w klasie językowej
Authors: Kowal Iwona
Published: July 2020

The present paper describes various psycho-social phenomena that occur in groups, in particular in the language classroom. Each group passes through five developmental stages called forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning. During these phases learners’ behavior and attitudes change, which often leads to conflicts between the teacher and the students. The structure of the group develops in parallel with its dynamics. Students adopt several roles in the group, such as, for example, leader, expert or outsider.
Créer un environnement interactif en classe de FLE
Authors: Kotuła Krzysztof
Published: July 2020

Traditional communication in foreign language classes, even if varied by the use of diverse games and simulations, takes place in a sterile classroom environment, and therefore, is rarely encouraging. However, the new generation of pupils is growing up on computer games, and this fact is changing their expectations and demands on education. The dynamically changing virtual world of videogames may be the perfect environment for them to develop various skills. In this paper, I would like to present my preliminary conclusions made while implementing videogames into foreign language classes in a high school.
Komponent kulturowy a proces przyswajania języka obcego
Authors: Mihułka Krystyna
Published: July 2020

The aim of this article is to draw attention to the significance of a cultural component in the process of acquiring a foreign language. Presenting and discussing the definitions of cultural competence, the author of this article calls for the permanent inclusion of cultural competence in a foreign language lesson during which it could undergo constant development. Moreover, the author provides various interpretations of the term ‘knowledge of the foreign language’ laying particular emphasis on its colloquial and academic usage.
JOLANTA KNIEJA, TOMASZ ZYGMUNT, ŁUKASZA BRZANA (RED.) LITERATUROZNAWSTWO, JĘZYKOZNAWSTWO I KULTUROZNAWSTWO JAKO PŁASZCZYZNY PRZEKAZU WE WSPÓŁCZESNEJ GLOTTODYDAKTYCE WYDAWNICTWO WERSET, LUBLIN 2010, 518 ss. Omówienie publikacji
Authors: Derenowski Marek
Published: July 2020

JOLANTA KNIEJA, TOMASZ ZYGMUNT, ŁUKASZA BRZANA (RED.) LITERATUROZNAWSTWO, JĘZYKOZNAWSTWO I KULTUROZNAWSTWO JAKO PŁASZCZYZNY PRZEKAZU WE WSPÓŁCZESNEJ GLOTTODYDAKTYCE WYDAWNICTWO WERSET, LUBLIN 2010, 518 ss. Omówienie publikacji
Robust Monetary Policy Under Uncertainty About the Lower Bound
Authors: Tillmann Peter
Published: July 2020

Central banks face uncertainty about the true location of the effective lower bound (ELB) on nominal interest rates. We model optimal discretionary monetary policy during a liquidity trap when the central bank designs policy that is robust with respect to the location of the ELB. If the central bank fears the worst-case location of the ELB, monetary conditions will be more expansionary in the period before the liquidity trap.
An efficient approach for the numerical solution of fifth-order KdV equations
Authors: Ahmad Hijaz , Khan Tufail A. , Yao Shao-Wen
Published: July 2020

The main aim of this article is to use a new and simple algorithm namely the modified variational iteration algorithm-II (MVIA-II) to obtain numerical solutions of different types of fifth-order Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equations. In order to assess the precision, stability and accuracy of the solutions, five test problems are offered for different types of fifth-order KdV equations. Numerical results are compared with the Adomian decomposition method, Laplace decomposition method, modified Adomian decomposition method and the homotopy perturbation transform method, which reveals that the MVIA-II exceptionally productive, computationally attractive and has more accuracy than the others.
Automated segmentation of thick confocal microscopy 3D images for the measurement of white matter volumes in zebrafish brains
Authors: Lempereur Sylvain , Jenett Arnim , Machado Elodie , Arganda-Carreras Ignacio , Simion Matthieu , Affaticati Pierre , Joly Jean-Stéphane , Talbot Hugues
Published: July 2020

Tissue clearing methods have boosted the microscopic observations of thick samples such as whole-mount mouse or zebrafish. Even with the best tissue clearing methods, specimens are not completely transparent and light attenuation increases with depth, reducing signal output and signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, since tissue clearing and microscopic acquisition techniques have become faster, automated image analysis is now an issue. In this context, mounting specimens at large scale often leads to imperfectly aligned or oriented samples, which makes relying on predefined, sample-independent parameters to correct signal attenuation impossible.

Here, we propose a sample-dependent method for contrast correction. It relies on segmenting the sample, and estimating sample depth isosurfaces that serve as reference for the correction. We segment the brain white matter of zebrafish larvae. We show that this correction allows a better stitching of opposite sides of each larva, in order to image the entire larva with a high signal-to-noise ratio throughout. We also show that our proposed contrast correction method makes it possible to better recognize the deep structures of the brain by comparing manual vs. automated segmentations. This is expected to improve image observations and analyses in high-content methods where signal loss in the samples is significant.
Glenohumeral Extension and the Dip: Considerations for the Strength and Conditioning Professional
Authors: McKenzie Alec K. , Crowley-McHattan Zachary J. , Meir Rudi , Whitting John W. , Volschenk Wynand
Published: July 2020

A significant number of resistance training injuries occur at the shoulder complex. However, there is a lack of research identifying predictive variables, which may increase the risk of these injuries. Certain exercises, such as those requiring the apprehension position (glenohumeral abduction with external rotation), have been investigated and found to be associated with shoulder pain and injury. However, there are additional exercises or positions that may also be associated with increased injury risk. The position of end-range glenohumeral extension, particularly as it pertains to a dip, is a vulnerable position that may have previously been overlooked.
Deep Cryogenic Treatment of Plain-Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels
Authors: Sondar Pavankumar R. , Hegde Subray R.
Published: July 2020

To improve the mechanical properties of steels, cryogenic treatment is often carried out as an intermediate step between quenching and tempering. The transformation of retained austenite into martensite is the main objective and principle behind the cryogenic treatment. Generally, high-alloy and high-carbon steels are subjected to cryogenic treatment, as they produce a high fraction of retained austenite during quenching as compared with low- and medium-alloy steels. This work analyses the effect of cryogenic treatment on EN8, a plain-carbon steel, and EN47, a low-alloy steel, through microstructural characterization, hardness measurements, and tensile tests. The work shows that influence of cryogenic treatment carried out after tempering is only marginal, whereas cryogenic treatment carried out before tempering yields much better mechanical properties. Experimental results obtained in this work confirm that EN47 responds slightly better than EN8 suggesting that low-alloying additions influence the cryogenic treatment of steels. This work established that by properly applying cryogenic treatment, the strength and hardness of both EN8 and EN47 steels can be increased by about 50 MPa and 3 HRC, respectively, as compared with conventional hardening and tempering treatment.
Calculating the characteristics of flash floods on small rivers in the Mountainous Crimea
Authors: Ovcharuk Valeriya , Gopchenko Eugene , Todorova Olena , Myrza Kateryna
Published: July 2020

The maximal surface runoff from territory of the Crimean Mountains is represented as a runoff of small rivers that flow through the western and eastern part of the northern slope and from the southern coast. The materials from 54 water gauging stations (WGS) were used to characterize the maximum runoff during rain and meltwater-rain floods on the rivers in the Crimean Mountains. A modified reduction structure of a calculation formula was used for valuation of the maximal runoff of different origin flash flood for rivers at the Mountainous Crimea. The main parameters of the proposed model are summarized as dependencies on the average height of the catchments and generalized in the form of a map. It is also possible to use the second variant of the suggested method taking into account the factor of underlying surface is introduced. Comparison of the calculated values of maximal runoff shows good convergence with both the initial information, and the largest values in the observation period.
KEFİR STARTERİ KULLANILARAK ÜRETİLEN TULUM PEYNİRLERİNDE OLGUNLAŞMA BOYUNCA MEYDANA GELEN DEĞİŞMELER
Authors: ESER Sümeyra , COŞKUN Hayri , SARICA Ercan
Published: July 2020

Bu çalışmada; çiğ süt, mezofilik starter ve kefir starteri kullanılarak tulum peynirleri üretilmiş ve olgunlaşma dönemi boyunca meydana gelen değişimler incelenmiştir. Üç gruba ayrılmış inek sütlerinden ilk grup çiğ olarak (ÇTP), ikinci grup süt pastörize edildikten sonra mezofilik starter kullanılarak (MTP) ve üçüncü grup süt pastörize edildikten sonra kefir kültürü (KTP) kullanılarak tulum peynirleri üretilmiştir. Tulum peynirleri ilk 10 gün 10 °C’de daha sonra toplamda 6 ay boyunca 4 °C’de olgunlaştırılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; ÇTP örneklerinde en yüksek kuru madde, asitlik, suda çözünür azot, trikloroasetik asitte çözünür azot, fosfotungustik asitte çözünür azot, lipoliz değeri ile toplam mezofilik canlı bakteri sayısı tespit edilmiştir. Yağ ve tuz oranlarında en yüksek değerler MTP örneklerinde tespit edilmiştir. Olgunlaşmanın 180. gününde yapılan duyusal analizler neticesinde, genel beğeni açısından % 45 oranında ÇTP örnekleri panelistlerce tercih edilmiştir. Bunu % 30 ile KTP ve % 25 ile MTP örnekleri takip etmiştir.
Risa y poesía. Cinco momentos centroamericanos
Authors: Molina Morales Guillermo
Published: July 2020

Se desarrolla un análisis, desde lo temático, discursivo y cultural, de cinco momentos de la poesía centroamericana, como manifestaciones de sendos modos de representación de la risa, como opción estética. Se analiza el desarrollo desde la poesía decimonónica humorística, el modernismo y sus alternativas, la poesía sociopolítica, la visión metafísica con su contraparte irónica y la novelización de la poesía. El entorno conceptual que fundamenta el estudio es la tesis de que con la Modernidad se rompen vinculaciones de la poesía con nociones como la belleza o el bien, a favor de un internamiento en aspectos esenciales del discurso como tal y su significado en el entorno histórico, como proceso creativo y como ejercicio de lectura.
The Petrashevites After the Semyonovsky Parade Ground Events, Commandant Nabokov and Emperor Nicholas I (New Details in the Biography of Mikhail and Fedor Dostoevsky)
Authors: Maskevich Ekaterina D. , Tikhomirov Boris N.
Published: July 2020

The publication is based on the documents discovered by the authors in the Russian State Historical Archive, which are preserved in the Repository of the Commandant’s Office of the St. Petersburg Fortress, in the case “Regarding the prisoners under investigation for malicious intent in 1849”. Most of the documents date back to the period between December 22, 1849 (the staging of the mock execution of the Petrashevites on the Semyonovsky parade ground) and January 9, 1850 (arrival of Dostoevsky, Durov and Yastrzhembsky in Tobolsk). The latest document is dated February 4, 1850. The article contains three parts, each of which sheds new light on the biography of the brothers Fedor M. and Mikhail M. Dostoevsky in the aforementioned period. The first section incorporates the documents that reveal the circumstances prior to the meeting of the brothers Dostoevsky on December 24, 1849, before Fedor was sent to Siberia, a meeting which was initially refused to them. Specifically, these documents are the request made by the Commandant of the Peter and Paul Fortress Nabokov and addressed to the War Minister, to allow relatives of the members of the Petrashevsky circle to meet with them before departure for the place of punishment, and the most gracious permission of Nicholas I on the matter, following the most humble report of the Minister. The second section introduces into scientific circulation the documents presenting the emperor's initiative to provide monetary assistance to the families of convicted Petrashevites, as well as to Petrashevites with families (including multi-child families), who were temporarily imprisoned in the fortress during the investigation. In the context of these documents, suspicions about the “immodest behavior” of M. M. Dostoevsky during the investigation that were previously expressed by certain researchers (Dolinin, Grossman), are removed. The third section introduces a receipt issued to “criminal Dostoevsky,” according to which 100 rubles of his money were appropriated during the prison transfer, and a document confirming the reception of this amount in the Tobolsk directive regarding convicts. The question of the origin and subsequent fate of this money is examined.
Socialism and Christianity: Problems of Attribution and Publication of Dostoevsky
Authors: Zavarkina Marina V.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the unrealized idea of F. M. Dostoevsky called Socialism and Christianity, which the writer worked on in the early 1860s. The researcher examines the origin of the draft and its publications, and attempts to chronologically attribute them based on existing opinions on this issue. Research revealed that this idea could have encompassed other drafts contained in Dostoevsky's notebooks and diaries of the specified period. The formal thematic compilation of Dostoevsky's notes on socialism and Christianity, which were presented in the initial publications, only indirectly outlined the boundaries of the draft, overlooking certain contingent parts of the text. Focusing on the internal (related to the diaries and notebooks themselves) and external (related to the writer’s artistic and journalistic texts) contexts, the researcher tries both to expand the boundaries of the draft, and to analyze the emerging ties and interconnections. Certain controversial interpretations of Dostoevsky's handwritten text lead to a new level of its comprehension and deepen our understanding of Dostoevsky's polemics with his contemporaries, in particular with Chernyshevsky.