bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Self-Esteem among Working Women
Authors: Kumari Kavita , Dhanda Bimla
Published: September 2021

Women are significantly involved in the development of any nation by managing personal responsibilities as well as professional life. They are playing an important role in economic and social development of any society and their participation gives them satisfaction at their home up to a greater extent. Self-esteem is defined by how much value people place on themselves being the evaluative component of self-knowledge, high self-esteem refers to a highly favorable global evaluation of the self. So, the study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state on 400 rural and urban working women to assess their self-esteem. It was found that a very high majority of respondents (95.5%) of urban area were having low level of leisure time exercise and 47.5 percent respondents were having high level of self –esteem. Occupation of respondents was observed statistically significant only in low level of self-esteem (F=2.84, p<0.05).
Investment and its Impact on Realized Revenues: The Case of the Investment Fund in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Authors: Almomani Amer Abdelwali , Alomari Khalid Faris
Published: September 2021

Aims: The study attempted to identify the volume of revenues generated from the investment process in investment funds in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.

Study Design: a quantitative research

Place and Duration of Study: Jordan Social Security Investment Fund, between May - September 2020

Methodology: The study used panel data obtained from the published reports of the Social Security Corporation

Results: The study concluded that there is a positive effect in the different portfolios on the volume of revenues generated by the investment process.

Conclusion: This paper presents the conclusions through the results about the extent of the impact on the volume of revenues related to the investment process in investment funds, as it showed that the relevant impact on the tourism investment portfolio, the bond portfolio and the money market instruments portfolio has a positive impact. Effect. On the size of the volume of revenues derived from it, and in light of this, the study showed that investing in the bond portfolio generates a greater return than the tourism governorate as a result of the surrounding political turmoil in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and the instability in Syria and Iraq was most prominent, with the decrease in the external marketing of these investments.

There must be diversification and research in other economic areas that contribute to increasing the volume of the fund's revenues, in governmental coordination through which a tax advantage can be achieved that contributes to reducing costs and increasing revenue generation.
Assessing the Possible Solutions to the Problems of We-Chat Marketing
Authors: Yen Tsai-Fa(TF)
Published: September 2021

We-Chat Marketing is a new kind of network marketing model derived from the background of network economy. Recently, many internet companies have been asked to rectify themselves, causing us to pay attention to We-Chat Marketing issues. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the definition of We-Chat Marketing including problems and countermeasures. This study obtains the data through the literature review, analyzes and interprets it by inductive and deductive method. Findings show that the research on We-Chat Marketing is more focused on the policy, regulation and marketing aspects and its countermeasures are less in terms of organization and human resources as well as financial aspects. Finally, this study suggests that follow-up researchers should try to explore the evaluations of costs-benefits of We-Chat Marketing and other issues.
Bhutanese School Principals’ Discernments towards Instructional Leadership Practices
Authors: Wangchuk K. Dorjee , Choden .
Published: September 2021

The authors report a study in which they examined how the principals utilize to analyze the level and contrast of principals’ discernments towards instructional leadership practices based on individual and institutional factors along with identification of hindrances to leadership practice in Bhutan. The quantitative and qualitative approaches were deployed for this research. Three instructional leadership dimensions of, managing instructional programs, defining the school mission and promoting a positive school learning environment were used as measurement of criteria. The data were collected through Principals Instructional Management Rating Scale questionnaires and semi-structured interviews and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test, and content analysis. The respondents consisted of 31 principals. These 31 principals are the representative of Instructional leadership from one of the districts in Bhutan.

The findings of this study revealed principals’ high-level practices of instructional leadership and consistency among the personal and institutional factors. The result showed that all the 10 instructional leadership functions (Principals Instructional Management Rating Scale) almost at high level and overall mean generated was also high (3:58). Distinguished obstacles to instructional leadership were various roles, time limitations, work over-burden, lacking guidelines resources, shortages of teacher, restricted bolster for professional advancement, jumble between expectations and priorities. Within the light of the above findings, researcher would like to conclude that building learning culture not only depends on individual academic qualification but also the working environment and attitude of the academic committee towards student centered learning beneath the supervision of effective instructional leadership.
Analysis of the Brackish Water Aquaculture Development in Indonesia
Authors: Suryana Asep Agus Handaka , Sabila Afifah
Published: September 2021

Brackishwater aquaculture is one of the fisheries activities that can be a driving force for the country's economy with its ability to generate profits and reduce unemployment in coastal areas of Indonesia. The development of brackishwater aquaculture can be used as a barometer in fisheries development efforts. This study aims to analyze the development of aquaculture in each province in Indonesia. This research was conducted from August 2020 to July 2021. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from the Directorate General of Aquaculture, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. Data analysis used the quantitative descriptive method. The results of this study indicate that the development of brackishwater aquaculture viewed from the aspect of labors, land area, production, and productivity tended to be low during 2004 to 2016 but there were significant changes in provinces that were not centers of aquaculture activities (Maluku, Riau Islands, DKI Jakarta, and North Maluku) this indicates a positive situation that the province is trying to carry out aquaculture activities by facing the existing risks.
Characteristics of Effluent from Formic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Pulping of Kenaf Stem
Authors: Chukwudebelu Jane Adamma , Agunwamba Jonah
Published: September 2021

The pulp and paper industry is considered as one of the major potential sources of pollution in the environment and a consumer of wood. Environmental effects have been attributed to chemicals introduced during the manufacturing process. This paper investigated the influence of cooking chemicals, concentration and time on the properties of effluent generated during pulping of agricultural residue. A stem of kenaf which is an agricultural residue was pulped with 20%, 60% and 90% concentrations of formic acid and sodium hydroxide at 1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours intervals to determine the characteristics of their effluents. The lowest Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) obtained from formic acid effluent for the 3 hours cooking at 20%, 60% and 90% concentrations was 324mg/l at 60% concentration after cooking for 2 hours while sodium hydroxide effluent has 3050mg/l at 20% concentration after 1hour cooking as its lowest. Formic acid effluent showed lowest Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) of 10.63mg/l at 60% concentration after cooking for 2 hours while sodium hydroxide has 13.75mg/l at 90% after 1 hour cooking. The value of Total Solid (TS) from formic acid effluent was lowest (16890mg/l) at 60% concentration after cooking for 2 hours while sodium hydroxide lowest value (15524mg/l) was recorded at 20% after 3 hours cooking. Sodium hydroxide effluent has lowest Total Suspended Solid (TSS) of 3165mg/l while formic acid has 2245mg/l both at 90% concentrations after 2 and 3 hours cooking.
Simulations of Infectious Disease Propagation II, Focusing on Herd Immunity
Authors: Oldham William J. B.
Published: September 2021

Introduction and Objectives: The results of simulations of the propagation of an infectious disease are presented. In managing and controlling the spread of an infectious disease, such as Covid-19, the concept of Herd Immunity (HI) is often invoked as to when the disease’s propagation will dwindle to acceptable levels. We have extended a previous work with explicit attention on the usefulness of this concept. The objectives of this research was to track the propagation of an infectious disease as a function of population density, time, and to evaluate HI. The population was divided into two groups. One group was protected from the infection. The second group was unprotected. The results are given as a percentage of the unprotected population that is infected as a function of time.

Methods: The method used here was to use computer simulation on a person level to follow the progress of the diseases infection across the population. In the beginning, the people are uniformly distributed in a square. Each person performed a random walk, which simulated the movement of the people. Infection rates are given for the unprotected portion of the population as a function of time. The disease was transferred from an infected person to an uninfected person if the two people are closer together than a given distance.

Results and Discussion: These simulations show the unprotected portion of the population was at total risk if proper measures are not taken early. For 400 unprotected people the infection rate is 100% after approximately 100,000 iterations. We give the results from one dual simulation in which protection was afforded for a significant part of the population and carried out until all of the unprotected were infected. In the second part the protection was lifted to see how fast the total population was infected. For the case of 50% protected it took 400,000 iterations to infect the unprotected people. After the restrictions were lifted it took 150,000 to infect the other half. The simulations here were people based which has the advantage of seeing individual personal involvement. Results of infection rates were calculated for 1,000, 2,500, 5,000, and 10,000 people.

Conclusions: The propagation of the disease can be fast and depends on population density. Protection is vital to containing the disease. Restrictions must be lifted carefully and slowly or the total population is again at risk. According to the results obtained here the concept of HI is not a viable concept in controlling or managing the spread of the disease.
Factors Inhibiting Clinical Laboratory Science Directors’ Using Distance Technology for Educational Purposes
Authors: Brooks Reed , Olmsted Jodi
Published: September 2021

Problem: Workforce shortages in the diagnostic fields of health care prompted conducting a study about possible barriers or influences about using distance education for didactic delivery.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. A population of 467 program directors was identified. Four hundred-sixty email addresses were functional. A convenience sample of 167 responded to an online survey about perceived barriers to using distance education for program delivery.

Results: Program directors responded about perceived barriers to using online, distance education as part of educational delivery for academic programming. Concerns included lack of quality of coursework, and students; along with lack of adequate equipment for offering distance education teaching, faculty workloads and lack of release time.

Conclusion:  While distance education is a viable solution for offering diagnostic, didactic program content, perceived and real barriers to its use are impacting workforce development, especially in rural, health care and educational deserts.
Nano Fertilizer on Sustainable Agriculture- A Review
Authors: Dutta Debashis , Bera Anurag
Published: September 2021

With an increment of population day by day the agriculture sector is facing a big issue with the production and the economics of production as well. In this scenario adoption of more efficient tools which could mitigate the drawbacks and led the agriculture in a sustainable way is the need of the hour. The application of nanotechnology in agriculture and forestry will help the environment to retain its biodiversity [1]. Nano fertilizers are synthesized or modified form of traditional fertilizers, fertilizers bulk materials or extracted from different vegetative or reproductive parts of the plant by different chemical, physical, mechanical or biological methods with the help of nanotechnology used to improve soil fertility, productivity and quality of agricultural produces [2].

In this particular scenario adoption of labour saving and well advanced technologies is badly needed. This could be mitigated by a eco-friendly technology of Nano-science [3]. Nano fertilizers can control nutrient release and give the proper amount of nutrients to crops in the right proportions, boosting yield while maintaining environmental safety [4]. A report by Dwairi [5] proposed that urea-impregnated zeolite may be utilised as a slow-release fertiliser, releasing nitrogen slowly and steadily from Nano zeolite. Zinc is one of the commonly deficient micronutrient in soil [6]. Chlorophyll formation, fertilisation, pollen function, and auxin synthesis all need zinc-containing nanomaterials. Zn is one of the elements that defend plants from drought conditions. [7]. A research by Raliya and Tarafdar in 2013 [8] showed that zinc oxide, Nano Particles were shown to improve chlorophyll content, protein synthesis, rhizospheric microbial activity, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and phytase activity in a cluster bean rhizosphere. Copper has characteristics of first transported to shoot and then re translocated into root [9]. An experiment on moong bean (Vigna radiata) and wheat revealed that nano copper could penetrate cell membrane and conglomerate thereafter. Moong bean was found to be more sensitive regarding the toxicity of nano copper than wheat [10], (Rico et al. 2011)
Genetic Diversity Studies in Field Pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.) Germplasm
Authors: Priyanka Ravouri , M. Lal Gaibriyal
Published: September 2021

The present study entitled “Genetic diversity Studies in Field Pea Germplasm (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.)” was carried out to estimate the genetic variability for yield and yield contributing traits, study the relationship between yield and yield attributing traits on seed yield and its component traits and to assess direct and indirect of yield attributing traits on seed yield. The experimental material was consisting of 41 Field Pea genotypes. The experiment was laid out in Randomized complete block design with three replications. The observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants from each treatment and replication for 12 different quantitative traits Days to 50% flowering, Days to 50% pod setting, Plant height (cm), Number of branches per plant, Number of Pods per plant, Number of seeds per pod, Pod length (cm) days to maturity, biological yield (gm), Harvest Index, Seed Index (gm), Seed yield per plant (gm). Based on the mean performance, high seed yield per plant were identified for the genotype zimndal (11.59) followed by Matar-23 (10.76). The higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variations were observed for number of primary branches per plant (33.92 & 24.56), seed yield per plant (29.84 & 25.67) and number of seeds per pod (28.61 & 22.64). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for plant height (84.43 & 40.55), days to 50% flowering (77.30 & 34.92) and pod length (71.55 & 32.55). Based on Mahalanobis D2 values 41 genotypes grouped into 8 clusters. Among 8 clusters cluster I had more number of genotypes (25) followed by cluster II (8 genotypes), cluster VIII (3 genotypes). The maximum intra cluster distance was observed in cluster VIII (10.26) followed by cluster II (8.59) and cluster I (7.72). The highest inter cluster distance observed between cluster I and cluster VI (24.07) followed by cluster I and cluster IV (22.25), cluster I and cluster III (21.41). Therefore, genotypes present in these clusters may be used as parents to produce the transgressive segregants. The cluster IV (12.57) had significant and higher cluster mean for seed yield per plant. The trait number of primary branches per plant (25.12%) had maximum contribution towards to genetic divergence followed by harvest index (21.95%), biological yield per plant (19.39%), seed yield per plant (19.15%).
Evaluation of Serum Level of Vitamin D in Patients with Female Pattern Hair Loss Thesis
Authors: Sadoma Manar Elsayed Taha , Rezk Hassan Ghada Fawzy , ALI Elbatsh Manal Mohamed , Ibrahim Zeinab AbdElsamd
Published: September 2021

Background: Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is the most common cause of alopecia in women, characterized by diffuse non-scarring hair loss in frontal, central, and parietal areas of the scalp. Vitamin D is a factor that has recently been considered in dealing with these patients. 

Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate the serum level of 25 hydroxy vitamin D in patients with FPHL to elucidate its possible role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Methods: This study included 45 patients with female pattern hair loss; Evaluation of vitamin D level by Elisa was done for both control and patients.

Results: Regarding vitamin D levels, mean ± SD. 18.0 ± 11.97.

Conclusion: This study indicated the correlation between FPHL and decreased serum levels of Vitamin D3. It is recommended to evaluate serum Vitamin D3 levels as well as other hormone assays in these patients.
A Comparative Study on Personality Traits Based on High and Low Level of Resilience of High School Female Students
Authors: Sonam . , Sharma Dr. Malika , Sharma Lalit
Published: September 2021

Aims: The Purpose of the current study was to compare personality traits of high school female students based on their Resilience level..

Place and Duration of Study: Government Girls Senior Secondary School No1 JJColony Bawana, Delhi, India, on 3rd Feb 2020.

Methodology: This is a comparative study with a quantitative research design involving 85 (eighty-five) female students, age ranges between 16-18 years (mean age 17.43 years) studying in class XII (humanities stream), from Sec- A, B and C from Government Girls Senior Secondary School No. 1 JJColony Bawana, Delhi were randomly selected as a sample of research. Every odd roll no student (Roll no. 1,3,5,7…) from Sec- A, B and C from GGSSS No. 1 JJC Bawana, Delhi were randomly selected as a sample of research. The standardized questionnaires of the Big Five Personality Test and Ego Resilience Scale were used as the tool of the study. The data was collected using both the questionnaires and interpreted using an Independent sample t-test at a significance level p<0.05.

Results: All 85 high school female students filled both of the questionnaires and in accordance with the findings of the analysis it was established that the average scores of resilient students in the extroversion (t (83)= 6.28, P=.00), openness to experience (t(83)=8.54, P=.00), agreeableness (t(83)=10.48, P=.00) and conscientiousness (t(83)=11.34, P=.00) were higher than non-resilient students. Just the mean scores of resilient students in neuroticism (t(83)= -6.71, P=.00) were lower than the mean scores of non-resilient students. 

Conclusion: It is evident from the results that students with high Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience personality traits have higher resilience which helps them to recover from any obstacle and support them to approach new circumstances, people, or experiences with a positive mindset and confidence which ultimately will help them succeed.
Comparison of Selected Distraction Techniques to Alter Pain Responses among Children Receiving Immunization
Authors: Lalzampuii . , Maurya Archana
Published: September 2021

Background: Immunization plays a vital role in global health for children. Children should have taken routine immunization universally for the prevention of diseases. While receiving immunization, most children are experiencing pain and show anxiety and sadness. In this study, the more effective distraction techniques between toys and music was compared which will also be necessary to apply to children in the forthcoming.

Objectives: 1) To assess the alter pain response by toys as a distraction technique among children receiving immunization. 2) To assess the alter pain response by music as a distraction technique among children receiving immunization. 3) To compare the alter pain responses by toys and music as a distraction technique among children receiving immunization. 4) To associate the alter pain responses with selected demographic variables.

Methods and Materials: An interventional research approach was used in this study with experimental research design. 60 samples were selected by Simple Random Sampling Technique. A structured demographic questionnaire and FLACC Pain Scale were used to collect the data. Follow-up period was not required as the response of the pain in both groups were immediately assessed during immunization. Data were analyzed using SPSS Software 22.0 and Chi square was used to find the association between the alter pain responses with demographic variables.

Results: The finding shows that the mean score of music was 4.33 with SD of ±1.32 when compared to toys 3.70 with SD of ±1.36. The measured ‘t’ value i.e. 2.07 was less than the tabulated value at 5% level of significance. Therefore, toys were more effective when compared to music as a distraction technique (P<0.05) to alter pain responses among children receiving immunization. There were no association between the alter pain responses with demographic variables.

Conclusion: As toys were found to be more effective to alter pain responses than music, a related study can be conducted to compare the alter pain responses between male and female children during immunization. This study recommends that a similar study can be replicated to compare and analyze the distraction techniques between male and female to alter pain responses among children.
Knowledge of Adults Regarding Tuberculosis in Selected Rural Community
Authors: George Rose Mary , Chauhan Mamta , Chauhan Akansha , Pragya . , Vandana . , Junaid . , Nitesh . , Yogita . , Lalit .
Published: September 2021

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has existed for millennia and remains a major global health problem. According to WHO, (2015) TB causes ill-health in millions of people each year and in 2015 TB was one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide, ranking above HIV/AIDS. Globally there were 10.4 million new TB cases and 1.4 million TB deaths in 2015.A timely diagnosis and correct treatment can cure TB patients.

Objectives: Of the study were to assess the knowledge of adults regarding tuberculosis, to develop and administer an information booklet regarding tuberculosis to adults, to associate the knowledge of adults regarding tuberculosis with selected socio-demographic variables.

Materials and Methods: The research approach adopted for this study was quantitative and non-experimental descriptive research design was used to collect data to assess the knowledge of adults regarding Tuberculosis. Analysis of the study consisted of section 1: Analysis of socio demographic variables, section 2: Analysis of knowledge scores of adults, section 3: Association of knowledge of adults regarding tuberculosis with selected socio demographic variable.

Results: The study revealed that 77% of the adults had poor level of knowledge while 23% of the adults had only average knowledge regarding tuberculosis.  45% of adults were in the age group of 51-60 years and 20% were in 30-40 years age group. Among the participants, 55% were males and 45% were females, 42% adults were living in nuclear family and 28% belonged to extended family, 42% of adults were having primary education whereas only 7% were graduated and above.

Conclusion: The knowledge regarding Tuberculosis was found to be poor among adults living in rural communities. Association was found between the religion of the adults and their knowledge scores. There was no significant association found between other demographic variables of the adults with their knowledge scores regarding tuberculosis.
A Clinical Case Report on Mitral Stenosis with Mental Retardation with Anemia with Sepsis
Authors: Sawarkar Achita , Kapase Deepali , Shambharkar Madhuri , Khandar Jaya , Sakharwade Prerna , Kasturkar Pooja
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Mitral stenosis (MS) may be a variety of valvular heart disease.  Mitral stenosis is characterized by a narrowing of the mitral valve's orifice. Rheumatic fever is the most common cause of mitral stenosis today, yet the stenosis may appear clinically important just once in a lifetime [1].  Intellectual disability, with a prevalence of approximately 1 chronicle, may be a lifelong neurodevelopment disorder that impacts international cognitive talents and function perform or daily living skills [2].

Clinical Findings:  Breathlessness, weakness, high blood pressure, pulmonary thrombus, anemia, disability to talk, face discoloration, not proper communication, weight loss.

Diagnostic Evaluation: Blood investigation Hb -9.1gm,mch-82.3fl,mch-29.6piegon,mchc-36%,  Total RBC count-5.31million/cu.mm RDW- 12.7% ,hct 35%, Total WBC count- 13,300cu.mm ,monocytes -4%, Granulocytes- 85%, Lymphocytes -10%, Esonophils-1%,Basophilis -0% , Total platelets conut-11.3, cu. mm. Urea 32mg/dl, creatinine-0.9mg/dl,sodium-131mmol/dl , potassium 5.1 mmol/L. Despite the fact that the patient was not diabetic, the random blood sugar test revealed a level of 160 mg/dL. RBC increase, 2D echo impression thrombus present in heart, Intellectual disabilities present, high blood pressure, urine albumin present,

Therapeutic Intervention: Blood transfusion, and medical treatment.

Conclusion: 48 years old female was admitted to medicine ICU diagnosed with the case of mitral stenosis with mental retardation with anemia with sepsis and she had complained of Breathlessness, weakness, high blood pressure, pulmonary embolism, anemia, disability to talk, face discoloration, not proper communication, weight loss. patient show great improvement after getting the treatment and the treatment was still going on still my last date of care. The patient and her family underwent psychological stress, which was resolved to an extent by being an active listener and providing proper counseling.
Stability Demonstrating Validated High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Determination of Trilaciclib in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulation
Authors: Rafi Syed. , Rambabu Kantipudi
Published: September 2021

Aims: New validated method for the estimation of  Trilaciclib using HPLC and study of its degradation

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry, RVR & JC College of Engineering, Chowdavaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, between February 2021 and August 2021.

Methodology: Using an inertsil ODS column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 3.5 µ), acetonitrile, and 0.1 percent ortho phosphoric acid (OPA) (50:50 v/v) as a mobile phase, the proposed method successfully achieved effective chromatographic separation with a flow rate of 1 mL/min and a wave length of 220 nm. Trilaciclib had a retention time of 4.358 minutes. The isocratic chromatography was performed at room temperature and took approximately six minutes to complete.

Results: Analysis was achieved within 6 min over an honest linearity within the concentration range from 3-45 µg/ml of Trilaciclib. Using a mathematical process, the suitability parameters of the system were investigated, and the results were found to be in acceptable limits. In a linear analysis, stages with regression coefficients of 0.999 were used. LOD and LOQ values were 0.038 μg/ml and 0.124 g/ml for trilaciclib. The drug was recovered at a rate of 98-102 percent, which means that the recovery is within reasonable limits.

Conclusion: The validation results were satisfactory, and the approach was found to be suitable for bulk and formulation analysis. The recommended procedure was found to be warranted according to ICH guidelines.
ZnO-Activated Carbon Blended as a Catalyst for Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene
Authors: Trisunaryanti Wega , Sumbogo Satriyo Dibyo , Novianti Safa Annissa , Fatmawati Dyah Ayu , Ulfa Maria , Nikmah Yatim Lailun
Published: September 2021

The problem of sulfur content in heavy oil is a challenge for researchers to meet the needs of environmentally friendly fuels. The catalyst preparation plays an important role in the desulfurization process. The synthesis of ZnO-activated carbon as a catalyst and its activity in oxidative desulfurization (ODS) reaction has been successfully carried out. In this work, the ZnO and activated carbon (AC) were blended by a solid-solid reaction. The ZnO, AC, and ZnO-AC were then characterized using acidity test with pyridine vapor adsorption, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), and Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). ODS of dibenzothiophene (DBT) reaction was performed by using H2O2 under variation of the reaction time (30, 60, 120, and 150 min) for the ZnO-AC catalyst. The efficiency of ODS-DBT was analyzed by a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The XRD analysis result showed that ZnO-AC blended displays new crystal peaks of Zn in the AC diffractogram. The surface area (734.351 m2/g) and acidity (4.8780 mmol/g) of ZnO-AC were higher than ZnO and AC themselves. ZnO-AC produced the highest efficiency of ODS-DBT which was 93.83% in the reaction time of 120 min. Therefore, the simple procedure of this physical blending was proved effective to homogenize between ZnO and AC into ZnO-AC so that it has good physicochemical properties as an ODS-DBT catalyst. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Size Selectivity of Anionic and Cationic Dyes Using LDH Modified Adsorbent with Low-Cost Rambutan Peel to Hydrochar
Authors: Normah Normah , Juleanti Novie , Siregar Patimah Mega Syah Bahar Nur , Wijaya Alfan , Palapa Neza Rahayu , Taher Tarmizi , Lesbani Aldes
Published: September 2021

Modification of the layered double hydroxide of CuAl-LDHs by composite with hydrochar (HC) to form CuAl-HC LDH. Material characterization by XRD, FT-IR and SEM analysis was used to prove the success of the modification. The characterization of XRD and FT-IR spectra showed similarities to pure LDH and HC. Selectivity experiments were carried out by mixing malachite green, methylene blue, rhodamine-B, methyl orange, and methyl red to produce the most suitable methyl blue dye for CuAl-LDH, HC and CuAl-HC adsorbents. The effectiveness of CuAl-HC LDH as adsorbent on methylene blue adsorption was tested through several influences such as adsorption isotherm, thermodynamics, and adsorbent regeneration. CuAl-HC LDH adsorption isotherm data shows that the adsorption process tends to follow the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 175.439 mg/g with a threefold increase compared to pure LDH. The effectiveness of the adsorbent for repeated use reaches five cycles as evidenced by the maximum capacity regeneration data reaching 82.2%, 79.3%, 77.9%, 76.1%, and 75.8%. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DE CHUVA DO FENÔMENO FIRST FLUSH E DE VOLUMES ARMAZENADOS EM RESERVATÓRIOS DE SISTEMAS DE ÁGUAS PLUVIAIS NA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO-RJ
Authors: Alves Letícia Delduque , De Souza Caroline Moreira , De Almeida Jaqueline Costa Areas , Bastos Giovana Proença , Domingos Ryan Rodrigues , Da Silva Gabrielle Nunes , Bila Daniele Maia , Ohnuma Jr Alfredo Akira
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar a qualidade da água da chuva a partir da concentração de poluentes depositados em amostras de volumes iniciais precipitados e de volumes armazenados em dois sistemas de águas pluviais, de características distintas, situados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brasil. A metodologia consistiu em analisar os parâmetros: turbidez, sólidos totais dissolvidos (STD), cloreto e alcalinidade em amostras mensais coletadas nos anos de 2017, 2018 e 2019, e em apresentar as curvas de massa de poluentes em função das vazões afluentes e do cálculo da concentração média desses poluentes dos eventos analisados. As curvas elaboradas para os parâmetros turbidez e cloreto mostram a carga total de poluentes e, também, a variação da qualidade da água de chuva em decorrência da lavagem produzida pelos volumes iniciais precipitados. Os valores médios obtidos em relação à turbidez foram: no CAP1: 34,97 UNT no ponto (FF) e 0,65 UNT no ponto (RR); no CAP2: 20,43 UNT no (FF) e 0,92 UNT no (RR). A partir desses resultados, o trabalho conclui que a intensidade da chuva e o tipo do material de captação das águas pluviais influenciam na remoção de poluentes depositados na superfície do telhado e que a qualidade de amostras coletadas em sistemas de águas pluviais melhora significativamente com a utilização de filtros de retenção de sedimentos e do descarte dos volumes iniciais precipitados.
AVALIAÇÃO QUANTITATIVA DE RISCO MICROBIOLÓGICO À SAÚDE HUMANA ASSOCIADO AO REÚSO DE ESGOTO DOMÉSTICO TRATADO POR SOLUÇÕES BASEADAS NA NATUREZA
Authors: Dos Santos Vinicius Bispo , Paulo Paula Loureiro , Cavalheri Priscila Sabioni , Lima Priscila de Morais , Magalhaes Filho Fernando Jorge Correa
Published: September 2021

Diferentes alternativas para o reúso de esgoto doméstico tratado têm sido estudadas de forma extensiva, buscando principalmente tecnologias de tratamento com melhor desempenho na remoção de patógenos. As soluções baseadas na natureza têm se destacado pela sua capacidade de remoção de poluentes, com processos ecológicos, simples e robustos, entretanto, necessitam de maiores estudos relacionados aos riscos que envolvem o reúso de água a partir do esgoto tratado. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar os riscos à saúde humana no reúso de esgoto doméstico tratado para fins agrícolas, por meio de uma Avaliação Quantitativa de Risco Microbiológico (AQRM). Foram avaliados três processos de tratamento: Tanque séptico (TS) + Wetland Construído de Fluxo Vertical (WC-FV), TS + Lagoas de Estabilização e TS + Lagoas de Estabilização + WC-FV, utilizando E. coli como indicador, e Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium e Rotavirus como patógenos de referência. Foi definido como potencial risco um cenário crítico, qual seja, o consumo de culturas cruas de alface, cebola e pepino, assim como os riscos oferecidos na irrigação por aqueles que trabalham nos campos irrigados e podem ingerir involuntariamente quantidades (partículas) de solo contaminado (contato da mão na boca, sem equipamento de proteção individual, como luvas), a partir de três subcenários: a agricultura mecanizada (AAM), agricultura com mão de obra intensiva (AMI) e agricultura com mão de obra reduzida (AMR). Os resultados demonstraram que os arranjos TS + WC-FV, TS + Lagoas de Estabilização e TS + Lagoas de Estabilização + WC-FV atenderiam o valor estabelecido pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) de 10-6 DALYs pppy (anos de vida ajustados por incapacidade, por pessoa por ano) nas culturas de pepino e cebola, e, no subcenário de AAM, somente atenderia o cultivo de alface. Caso o valor de DALYs pppy fosse menos restritivo (10-4), já que a incidência diarreica é superior em países em desenvolvimento (10-2), atenderia para o consumo de todas as culturas e todos os subcenários.
AVALIAÇÃO QUANTITATIVA DO POTENCIAL DE REÚSO NO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Melo Marília Carvalho de , Da Fonseca Marcelo , Castro Lilia Aparecida , Ribeiro Renata Batista , Machado Fabrício Lisboa Vieira
Published: September 2021

Um dos principais desafios para a gestão das águas na atualidade diz respeito à relação inversa entre o aumento da demanda e a redução da disponibilidade do recurso. Nesse sentido, deverão ser adotadas medidas, por parte do poder público, capazes de enfrentar os desafios existentes e fomentar a busca por fontes alternativas de água. Com base nisso, o presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir o potencial de reúso de água a partir de efluente tratado, em Minas Gerais, para atendimento às demandas, com foco na quantidade disponível e necessária. Para tanto, o artigo percorreu três etapas, em que foram avaliadas a disponibilidade de efluente para reúso em cenários atual e futuro, a demanda total por água nas bacias hidrográficas do estado e a razão entre a disponibilidade de efluente de esgoto doméstico para reúso e a demanda existente regionalmente. Em todas as etapas, analisaram-se dados quantitativos de instituições reguladoras, representados por mapas de síntese dos cenários. Os resultados revelaram que Minas Gerais trata somente 43,7% do total de esgoto gerado, cujos maiores indicadores estiveram concentrados nas bacias dos rios das Velhas (SF5), Paraopeba (SF3) e Araguari (PN1), regiões mais populosas do estado. Das bacias citadas, apenas Velhas e Araguari possuem capacidade de tratar acima de 50% do esgoto gerado, o que explicita a dificuldade de atender as metas de universalização do tratamento. Do ponto de vista da demanda pelo uso da água, as bacias da região central do estado se destacaram pelos montantes captados para abastecimento público, enquanto as bacias do Triângulo Mineiro e Noroeste se destacaram os usos agropecuários, com até 96% do total captado. Isso revela importante polo regional para incentivo ao reúso de água, tendo em vista as exigências dos padrões de qualidade e o potencial do volume de esgoto tratado para atender até 54% dos usos agrícolas.
ANÁLISE DA INFLUÊNCIA DE SISTEMAS DE APROVEITAMENTO DE ÁGUAS PLUVIAIS NUMA REDE DE ABASTECIMENTO DE ÁGUA POTÁVEL. O CASO DO LAGO NORTE, BRASÍLIA-DF – BRASIL
Authors: Dolabella Gabriel Barros , Lima Maria Manuela Carvalho de Lemos
Published: September 2021

A preocupação com a utilização dos recursos naturais e especialmente com os recursos hídricos é cada vez maior, sendo importante, portanto, o estudo da utilização de fontes alternativas de abastecimento de água e a influência que estas alternativas possam causar aos sistemas tradicionais. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a influência que a adoção de sistemas de aproveitamento de águas pluviais pode causar numa rede pública de distribuição de água potável, nomeadamente em relação às velocidades, pressões dinâmicas e concentração de cloro residual. Foi realizado um estudo de caso da rede que abastece o bairro do Lago Norte, Brasília-DF, observando-se como resultado das simulações hidráulicas computacionais, utilizando-se o EPANET, a diminuição das velocidades, o aumento das pressões dinâmicas e a diminuição do cloro residual livre à medida em que há aumento do uso de sistemas de aproveitamento de águas pluviais. Por este motivo, este estudo conclui que a monitorização da rede deve ser permanente, visto que há cada vez mais o uso de sistemas alternativos para consumo de água, especialmente após a crise hídrica de 2016/2017, o que pode afetar o fornecimento de água, tanto qualitativamente quanto quantitativamente.
Atores e disputas: a quem interessam as políticas públicas do campo educacional?
Authors: Tisatto Cristian Andrei , Bento Juliane Santana
Published: September 2021

O presente trabalho visa identificar quais os atores envolvidos e a influência de organizações sem fins lucrativos na formulação da Base Nacional Comum, no intuito de buscar compreender como se organizam, quais arenas ocupam e de que modo contribuíram ou não na formulação dessa política regulamentadora. Pretende, desse modo, identificar atores, como o Movimento pela Base Nacional Comum – que exerceu protagonismo na formulação de alternativas políticas – e associações, como a Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (ANPEd) e a Associação Brasileira de Currículo (ABdC), que participaram da proposta de Base Nacional. O artigo também busca analisar os mecanismos e estratégias utilizadas para influenciar no processo de formulação, como o recurso e o financiamento disponível para os atores que disputaram projetos políticos, de implementação de novos paradigmas curriculares, utilizando como estratégia metodológica o estudo de caso, que possibilita uma análise concreta sobre como operam categorias como bottom up, accountaubility, atores políticos, assim como a participação de instituições não-estatais na formulação de políticas públicas.
Natureza e sociometabolismo em Marx: contribuições à leitura da crise socioecológica do capital
Authors: Vitória Fernando Bilhalva , Fontana Cleder
Published: September 2021

O presente texto tem, como objetivo, discutir os conceitos de natureza e de sociometabolismo nos escritos de Marx e, em um segundo plano, apontar as implicações de tais conceitos na compreensão das formas históricas contemporâneas do sistema do capital. Partindo da premissa – fundamentada em uma já importante e extensa bibliografia – de que a crítica da economia política de Marx é capaz de fornecer elementos fundamentais para a análise do metabolismo entre a sociedade e a natureza, pretendemos examinar a proficuidade do pensamento marxista no enfrentamento a uma das questões mais dramáticas e inquietantes do nosso tempo: a crise socioecológica.
Reflexões acerca dos conceitos de Estado, hegemonia e educação na obra de Antonio Gramsci sob a interpretação de seus comentadores: entre divergências e convergências
Authors: Santos Flávio Reis
Published: September 2021

O nosso objetivo é apontar a relação entre as definições sobre Estado, hegemonia e educação em suas similaridades e diferenciações, considerando a essência da fundamentação teórica gramsciana e dos estudiosos que se dedicaram à sua compreensão. Diante da complexidade teórica de Gramsci e da diversidade de sua interpretação, optamos por uma pesquisa bibliográfica, pois nos possibilitou verificar a importância que têm as obras de referência e demais escritos selecionados para a realização deste estudo, visto que constituem fonte perene da qual retiramos as evidências para apoiar os nossos argumentos. Entendemos que a relação entre Estado, hegemonia e educação não pode desprezar os aspectos culturais, políticos, sociais, econômicos e culturais.
Produção associada, autogestionada e agroecológica na comunidade tradicional São Manoel do Pari-MT: características contra-hegemônicas do modo de produção camponês
Authors: Cabral Cristiano Apolucena
Published: September 2021

Os camponeses e camponesas da comunidade tradicional São Manoel do Pari, Mato Grosso, organizam a sua produção ampliada da vida embasada na relação dialética entre trabalho, saberes e natureza. Os quais constituem os consumes, práticas e valores vivenciadas nas unidades produtivas familiares, nas práticas de transição agroecológicas, no trabalho associado e autogestionado e na comercialização. Este texto, resultado de pesquisa empírica e teórica fundamentadas pelo método marxista e pela metodologia da pesquisa participante, tem por objetivo analisar os elementos materiais e imateriais constitutivos da comunidade tradicional e os elementos contra-hegemônicos e alternativos à lógica do capital.
Impactos ambientais e sociais do agronegócio sucroalcooleiro na região do Triângulo mineiro, Minas Gerais, Brasil a partir de 2000
Authors: Peres Gabriela , Previtali Fabiane Santana
Published: September 2021

O agronegócio no Brasil representa um setor importante para a economia. Com isso, se objetiva problematizar algumas das implicações ambientais e sociais concernentes à reestruturação e expansão do setor da região do Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, Brasil e como o movimento sindical dos trabalhadores rurais responde às mudanças a partis da década de 2000. A pesquisa tem abordagem qualitativa de cunho exploratório, sendo realizada pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e pesquisa empírica com o Presidente do Sindicato dos Trabalhadores das Indústrias de Alimentação de Uberaba. Os resultados encontrados foram apesar de um discurso retórico, político e engajado do sindicato, este atende mais às necessidades do capital.
Por uma educação ambiental crítica-marxista: pressupostos teórico-metodológicos e implicações políticas no embate com as correntes pós-modernas
Authors: De Oliveira Ana Carolina Brasil , Kaplan Leonardo , Dawidman Larissa do Nascimento
Published: September 2021

Este artigo se propõe a apresentar a importância da abordagem materialista histórico-dialética como instrumental teórico-metodológico para o campo de pesquisas em educação ambiental. Isto implica em um aprofundamento dos fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos deste referencial e em uma distinção e refutação das demais abordagens que disputam a hegemonia nesse campo, especialmente as que se autoproclamam críticas. Esta demarcação é decisiva, sobretudo em decorrência das implicações das concepções advindas das teorias pós-modernas para a luta de classes e a superação do modo capitalista de produção. A atual conjuntura, com o agravamento da crise global do sistema capitalista, evidencia a necessidade de fazermos a crítica radical, destrinchando as relações sociais vigentes e superando-as.
Da acumulação primitiva à moderna expropriação na Amazônia paraense: reflexões à luz da teoria crítica
Authors: Nascimento Nádia Socorro Fialho , De Sá Maria Elvira Rocha
Published: September 2021

Este texto aborda os processos de expropriação que se dão, historicamente, sobre a região amazônica, em particular a Amazônia paraense, a partir da sua subordinação às relações sociais de produção capitalista o que se deu (e se dá), em função da presença nela de recursos naturais imprescindíveis ao processo produtivo capitalista. Baseado em Pesquisa Bibliográfica e Documental, o texto objetiva demonstrar como a produção de riqueza – pela via da implantação de grandes projetos econômicos/infraestruturais na região -, (re)produz a expropriação dos meios de reprodução social dos(as) amazônidas.
Pandemia, crise ambiental e impasses da modernização ecológica do capitalismo
Authors: Acselrald Henri
Published: September 2021

O artigo problematiza a noção de crise ambiental em suas articulações com a crise sanitária desencadeada no ano de 2020. A pandemia é apontada como uma das manifestações da cegueira capitalista quanto aos efeitos não mercantis da produção de mercadorias, configurando um dos limites à pretensão de grandes grupos econômicos construírem sua reputação através de operações de modernização socioecológica do capitalismo.
Horizontes amazônicos: para repensar o Brasil e o mundo [Bruno Malheiro, Carlos Walter Porto-Gonçalves e Fernando Michelotti]
Authors: Barata Teixeira Joaquina
Published: September 2021

Resenha do livro Horizontes amazônicos: para repensar o Brasil e o mundo, de Bruno Malheiro, Carlos Walter Porto-Gonçalves e Fernando Michelotti, publicado pela editora Expressão popular.
Marxismo e a questão ambiental: um debate introdutório
Authors: Costa César Augusto Soares da , Accioly Inny Bello , Lima Lucas Gama , Lemos Marcia S. , Cardoso Mario Mariano Ruiz
Published: September 2021

O presente dossiê da revista Germinal reúne artigos que versam  sobre o marxismo e a questão ambiental