bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF LOAD BALANCE IN THE EFFICIENCY OF 100 kVA DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS IN PT. PLN (PERSERO) AIMAS UNIT
Authors: Ohoiwutun John , Tobi Markus Dwiyanto
Published: November 2019

The increasing population development in Sorong district is seen from the mushrooming of developers who build housing and the construction of shops which of course the need for electrical energy continues to increase. Thus electricity is an important requirement in human life so as to obtain electricity reliably and continuously, PLN is required to manage to maintain a stable distribution of electrical energy that is sustainable to consumers. One phenomenon that is always experienced in the field is the uneven distribution of loads from the secondary side of the transformer to the customer. This causes unbalanced load between phase R, S and T which in turn causes the current to flow in the neutral conductor of the transformer, so that the current causes losses in the transformer. In this study an analysis was conducted to find out how much influence the load losses have on the efficiency of the 100 kVA distribution transformer at PLN. After calculating and analyzing, it is found that due to load imbalance in R, S and T phases, this results in daytime load losses of 0.499 kW and increases at night by 0.746 kW. Increasing load losses results in lower transformer performance and lower efficiency.
PEMANFAATAN METODE KONSEP KALIMAT DALAM KARTU DALAM KALIMAT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERSIKAP KRITIS TERHADAP NILAI-NILAI KRISTIANI BAGI SISWA KELAS X IPA 1 DAN X IPA 2 DI SMA NEGERI 3 KOTA SORONG TAHUN 2017
Authors: Palin Lenyanti
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan bersikap kritis terhadap nilai- nilai Kristiani bagi siswakelas X IPA 1 dan X IPA 2 diSMA Negeri 3 Kota Sorong melalui pemanfaatan metode kalimat dalam kartu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research) yang dilakukan secara kolaboratif antara peneliti dengan guru. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari empat komponen yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Analisis data dilakukan dalam 3 tahap yaitu reduksi, penyajian data serta menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (a) pemanfaatan metode consept sentencedapat meningkatkan partisipasi belajar siswa. Peningkatan kemampuan bersikap kritis terhadap nilai- nilai Kristiani dapat dilihat melalui aspek mendengarkan penjelasan pada siklus I sebesar 47% meningkat menjadi sebesar 51% pada siklus II. Partisipasi dalam mencatat penjelasan siklus 1 sebesar 43% meningkat menjadi sebesar 69 % pada siklus II. Partisipasi dalam memperhatikan pembelajaran siklus I sebesar 49% meningkat menjadi sebesar 60% pada siklus II. Partisipasi dalam bertanya siklus I sebesar 43% meningkat menjadi sebesar 66% pada siklus II. Partisipasi dalam menjawab pertanyaan siklus I sebesar 49% meningkat menjadi sebesar 66% pada siklus II. Partisipasi dalam mengeluarkan pendapat siklus I sebesar 46% meningkat menjadi sebesar 63% pada siklus II. Partisipasi dalam menghargai pendapat teman siklus I sebesar 49% meningkat menjadi sebesar 66% pada siklus II. Partisipasi dalam menjelaskan kembali siklus I sebesar 40% meningkat menjadi sebesar 60% pada siklus II. (b) Pemanfaatan metode consept sentencedapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa. Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 69,64 meningkat menjadi 78,4 pada siklus II
巴基斯坦某电站工程供水水源地水文地质参数及可开采量的确定
Authors: 李 肖兰
Published: November 2019

某电站位于巴基斯坦某地区,总用水量约8.4×104m3/d。在了解其周边水文地质条件的基础上,进行水文地质勘测工作,通过水文地质钻探及抽水试验,采用稳定流和非稳定流计算方法确定水文地质参数。采用梅花形集中布井法和梅花形分区布井法确定地下水资源的可开采量。
水文地质勘探对煤矿防治水的重要性
Authors: 申 惠欣
Published: November 2019

煤矿开采工作需要对众多因素进行考虑,比如生产要求、开采流程和施工方法等等,只有这样才能保证对不同成本的精准分析。此外,还需要对煤矿水文地质中的隐患问题进行分析,准确掌握矿井生产中可能存在的水危害问题。所以,煤矿开采工作的开展更需要针对现有生产条件进行合理规划,这也是对工作中安全隐患进行降低的重要手段。本文将对水文地质勘探对煤矿防水的重要性问题进行详细分析,希望对这项工作的开展提供更为显著的积极影响。
电力工程建设项目管理存在的问题和精细化管理策略
Authors: 程 杨 , 平 光华
Published: November 2019

在人们生活质量迅猛提高的今天,电力资源方面的需求也呈现出直线上升的发展趋势。然而,电力资源的正常应用是以良好的电力系统运行为基本前提的,可以说,电力设备的安全与质量是确保电力系统稳定安全运行的前提条件,为此,电力工程建设项目管理对整个电力系统的安全产生的影响是不容忽视的。接下来,本论文围绕电力工程项目存在的问题和精细化管理策略进行论述。
水利工程建设前期工作与必要性分析
Authors: 陈 洁毅 , 李 旭杭
Published: November 2019

文章对工程施工建设时做好前期工作的重要作用进行了分析,结合当前诸多水利工程前期准备工作的现状,提出了几方面的改进建议,以此提高工程前期工作质量,为更多水利工程提供高质量开展前期工作参考。
水轮发电机转子碳刷跳火原因及处理
Authors: 吕 宝献
Published: November 2019

YMD水电站为引水式电站,经渠道引水到压力前池,在经压力管线进厂房发电,场内安装3台单机容量为44MW的混流式水轮发电机组,总装机容量132MW,两个NES—5100发电机励磁装置,采用自并励励磁方式,励磁电压245V,励磁电流813A,机组设备由福建南电股份有限公司负责生产制造。随着YHDL公司“挖潜增效”的不断深入,需要在生产过程当中不断的加强相关的管理工作,针对于出现的问题需要进行及时的处理并积累经验,发电机转子作为发电机械的重要部分,时常会出现问题,本文就水轮发电机转子碳刷跳火的情况展开原因分析并提出处理措施。
规范风险分析预控管理,保障电业人身安全
Authors: 包 兴东
Published: November 2019

为确保电业生产过程中人身安全,防范人身伤亡事故,2018年8月国家能源集团制定《发电企业员工人身安全风险分析预控管理办法(试行)》。本文通过本公司员工人身安全风险分析预控本填写过程中存在的问题进行分析,阐述开展人身安全风险分析预控的方法,为正确填写《员工人身安全风险分析预控本》提出建议,以期做好作业过程人身风险分析工作,有效防范人身伤害事故。
浅谈灌区节水改造中防渗渠道断面的优化设计
Authors: 张 启荟
Published: November 2019

近年来,在社会经济稳步发展的背景下,我国农业事业发展迅速。对于防渗渠道工程来说,为农业灌溉中非常重要的环节,有必要结合灌区节水改造的特点,对防渗渠道断面进行优化设计。本课题重点分析研究灌区节水改造中防渗渠道断面的优化设计,以期为灌区节水改造工作效率及质量的提升提供有效价值建议。
Compositional Grounded Language for Agent Communication in Reinforcement Learning Environment
Authors: Lannelongue K. , Milly M. De , Marcucci R. , Selevarangame S. , Supizet A. , Grincourt A.
Published: November 2019

In a context of constant evolution of technologies for scientific, economic and social purposes, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) have seen significant progress over the past few years. As much as Human-Machine interactions are needed and tasks automation is undeniable, it is important that electronic devices (computers, cars, sensors…) could also communicate with humans just as well as they communicate together. The emergence of automated training and neural networks marked the beginning of a new conversational capability for the machines, illustrated with chat-bots. Nonetheless, using this technology is not sufficient, as they often give inappropriate or unrelated answers, usually when the subject changes. To improve this technology, the problem of defining a communication language constructed from scratch is addressed, in the intention to give machines the possibility to create a new and adapted exchange channel between them. Equipping each machine with a sound emitting system which accompany each individual or collective goal accomplishment, the convergence toward a common ‘’language’’ is analyzed, exactly as it is supposed to have happened for humans in the past. By constraining the language to satisfy the two main human language properties of being ground-based and of compositionality, rapidly converging evolution of syntactic communication is obtained, opening the way of a meaningful language between machines.
Clinical profile of children with diphtheria admitted to tertiary care center
Authors: Harwalkar Kiran Kumar , Kadegaon Babalala
Published: November 2019

Background: Diphtheria is a vaccine-preventable deadly disease affecting the children. It may cause complications and even death if not detected early. Diphtheria still continues to be reported from many regions of India despite extensive vaccine coverage. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the clinical presentation, complications, and outcome of diphtheria. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based prospective study was conducted from August 2017 to June 2019 in a hospital of South India. All diphtheria cases admitted during this period were included in the study and their clinical presentations, complications, and outcome were recorded. Results: A total of 93 children were studied; of them, 92 children improved and discharged while 1 (1.06%) child died of respiratory obstruction due to laryngeal edema. Diphtheria was more common in 6–10 years age group and in season between October and January. A total of 4 (4.2%) children had sinus bradycardia, 8 (8.4%) myocarditis, 10 (10.6%) palatal palsy, and 3 (3.2%) children had laryngeal edema. Conclusion: Diphtheria is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in unimmunized and partially immunized children even in the present era.
Etiological study of bone marrow aspiration cytology in children in a tertiary care government hospital in India with a special focus on adolescent females
Authors: Prakash Anubhav , Richa Richa , Narain Bhupendra
Published: November 2019

Background: Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) cytology is a common and cheap technique which reveals the marrow cellularity, its structure, and stages of differentiation of different blood cells. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the etiology and the common presentation in patients undergoing BMA in pediatric age group with special focus on the adolescent females. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Pediatrics and Pathology of a Medical College Hospital of Bihar, India. The study was done from May 1, 2018, to April 31, 2019, on 259 cases. BMA was carried out and relevant clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory data were retrieved. Results: Out of 259 cases, 1 case was excluded from the final analysis due to inadequate marrow. Male-to-female ratio was 1.16:1. The most common indication was unexplained anemia (46.5%) and pancytopenia (26.7%). The most common etiological diagnosis was nutritional anemia (27.5%) followed by hypoplastic anemia (22%). Among adolescents (>11–18 years), male:female ratio decreased to 1:1 where nutritional anemia was the most common cause followed by hypoplastic anemia. Conclusion: The common hematological disorders prevailing in our community in pediatric age group are nutritional anemia, hypoplastic anemia, and acute leukemia.
Koder - A multi-register corpus for investigating register variation in contemporary German
Authors: Costa Andressa
Published: November 2019

This paper introduces the design decisions in building the Koder corpus, a multi-register-corpus of contemporary German. The purpose of this corpus is to serve as a basis for the investigation into the use of German across registers. In order to construct a representative corpus, the essential considerations are: the type and number of registers to include, the number of texts in each register and minimal text length. The paper describes which aspects were central in determining these issues as well the corpus composition and the necessary text processing.
The acquisition of L3 Spanish articles: What can be learned from a simple linear regression analysis?
Authors: Testa Martín
Published: November 2019

Despite being extremely frequent in Spanish, articles pose one of the biggest challenges for Polish L1/English L2 students who learn it as a L3, even among the most advanced learners. However, little attention has been paid to the influence of the task at hand, especially since certain registers and writing styles tend to make use of a higher number of noun phrases, thus increasing both the amount of article syntactical environments and the probability of an error to be made. The main purpose of this article is to investigate whether there is a statistically significant relation between the number or article-related errors and an increasing number of article environments. In order to do this, a simple linear regression analysis was run for both B1 and B2 groups separately, and finally the whole level (n = 72). The results of the t tests suggest a significant linear relationship between the number of article-related errors and article tokens, between article-related errors and noun tokens, and between article and noun tokens. The article provides some considerations on possible actions to be taken both for researching and teaching the Spanish article system to [–ART] L1 learners.
Thermo-Physical Properties of HR3C and P92 Steels at High-Temperature
Authors: Boissonnet Germain , Bonnet Gilles , Pedraza Fernando
Published: November 2019

Austenitic HR3C and ferritic-martensitic P92 steels are the materials of interest from a mechanical standpoint for the manufacturing of thermal exchangers of the next generation of steam power plants. In order to evaluate their capacity to transfer heat, thermal conductivity calculations have been conducted through the measurements of thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity and density. It will be shown that the heat capacity, density, thermal expansion coefficient and thermal diffusivity evolve continuously with temperature in the HR3C material but not in the P92 steel. The heterogeneous thermal behaviour appears to be associated with its ferromagnetic transition rather than to the microstructural evolution. Nevertheless, the results for both steels did not exhibit significant differences between thermal conductivities at the intended temperature of service.
Characterization Studies of Reduced Graphene Oxide/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Ebnalwaled A. A. , El-Fadl A. Abu , Tuhamy Muhammad A.
Published: November 2019

Reduced graphene oxide/zinc oxide (RGO/ZnO) nanocomposites were synthesized by facile hydrothermal method; this method consists of exfoliation of graphite with modified Hummer's method and synthesis of (RGO/ZnO) nanocomposites using hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction, TEM and FT-IR spectroscopy were used for structure morphological characterization. Optical properties of the samples were studied by measuring their optical absorbance. It can be concluded from XRD analysis that there are improvements of crystallinity associated with the increase of the crystallite size, as well as the increase in both of the (Zn-O) bond length and unit cell volume with the increase of ZnO ratio in RGO/ZnO nanocomposites. The morphological studies confirmed that the scale of ZnO particles is large and the size distribution is not uniform in samples of RGO/ZnO and that most particles have average size of about 9 nm while some particles even have larger size. The optical absorption spectra show that the excitonic peak of the as-prepared samples is red shifted from 268 nm to 376 nm for reduced grapheme oxide (RGO) with the increase of ZnO ratio, and the optical band gap changes from 2.39 for pure RGO to 3.34 eV for pure ZnO. The effect of UV irradiation on the optical absorption nanocomposites at different UV doses was carried out using UV lamp.
Construction of a single bar refiner
Authors: RANTANEN JUUSO , HILTUNEN EERO , NIEMINEN KAARLO , KEREKES RICHARD , PAULAPURO HANNU
Published: November 2019

We constructed a laboratory scale low-consistency refiner (single bar refiner) station to study refining energy and forces affecting fibers more closely. The specific aim was to enable measurement of fractional bar coverage and pulp consistency in the refining gap by using laser illuminated imaging equipment and mathematical image analysis. The construction of the single bar refiner included designing stator bars with dimensions similar to the rotor bar. This design created more realistic conditions during refining, and the design was tested by using three different bar setups to reach the desired gap sizes. The pulp flow system was designed and constructed to enable even flow conditions for the refiner unit. The imaging system installation and preliminary trials resulted in sharp images from the refining gap between the rotor and stator bars. Images showed that bar coverage was clearly not 100% at 2% pulp consistency with 150 μm gap size. There was a clear correlation between suspension consistency and the bar coverage. The preliminary trials demonstrated the promising potential of the device, as well as some improvements needed in monitoring and image analysis methods. Increasing refining consistency would increase the amount of fiber inside the gap between the rotor and stator bars. Also, the gap is not fully covered with fibers during refining.
Cereulide and Valinomycin, Two Important Natural Dodecadepsipeptides with Ionophoretic Activities
Authors: KROTEŃ MAGDALENA ANNA , BARTOSZEWICZ MAREK , ŚWIĘCICKA IZABELA
Published: November 2019

Cereulide produced by Bacillus cereus sensu stricto and valinomycin synthesized mainly by Streptomyces spp. are natural dodecadepsipeptide ionophores that act as potassium transporters. Moreover, they comprise three repetitions of similar tetrapeptide motifs synthesized by nonribosomal peptide synthesis complexes. Resemblances in their structure find their reflections in the same way of action. The toxicity of valinomycin and cereulide is an effect of the disturbance of ionic equilibrium and transmembrane potential that may influence the whole organism and then cause fatal consequences. The vlm and ces operons encoding valinomycin and cereulide are both composed of two large, similar synthetase genes, one thioestrase gene and four other ORFs with unknown activities. In spite of the characterization of valinomycin and cereulide, genetic determinants encoding their biosynthesis have not yet been clarified.
Prevalence of obesity and dietary habits of university students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ahmed Md Sabbir , Anee Kanij Fatima , Abid Mohammad Tazrian , Hridoy Md Oashkuruni , Hasan Al Riaj , Marufa Moriom Tuz , Hassan Tamanna , Munmun Sunjida
Published: November 2019

The objectives of this study was to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a sample of students from the Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh and examine their usual eating habits. A cross-sectional survey of 260 students (65.38% male and 34.62% female) aged 20.81 ± 1.63 were chosen randomly from the Patuakhali Science and Technology University campus during May to July 2019. Students were asked to fill out a self-reported questionnaire that included questions on their eating, drinking and smoking habits. Also, their weight, height and body mass index were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was used to assess students' weight status. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software (version 23.0). Results shows that, majority of the students (67.3%) were of normal weight. Based on BMI classification, the prevalence of overweight was more common among the male students compared to females (23.5% vs. 10%). In contrast, prevalence of obesity was more common among female students (3.3% vs. 2.9%). A significant difference in BMI was observed between male and female students (p <0.01). The majority of the students (70.4%) reported that they took meals regularly. In terms of breakfast intake, less than half of the students (44.6%) reported that they took their breakfast daily. There was a significant gender difference in the frequency of snacks intake apart from regular meal (p <0.05). Female students were more prone to snacks consumption compared with male students. The unhealthy eating habits of the students was indicated by the fact that near about half of the students (46%) reported eating fried food daily or three to four times per week. Soft drinks consumption among the students were significantly associated with gender (p <0.05). The present results suggest the necessity of nutrition and health promotion programs for university students, especially programs emphasizing weight management.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2019, 5(3): 180-185
Preparation of indigenous duck (Anas platyrhynchos) skeleton to enhance veterinary anatomy teaching
Authors: Hasan Imam , Islam Mohammad Rafiqul
Published: November 2019

The objective of this study was to prepare the skeletons of duck to enhance veterinary anatomy teaching. Five aged ducks were used in this experiment, which was collected from the Bangladesh Agricultural University poultry farm. The ducks were skinned and different segments of the body were dissected with the help of a scalpel. Then the bones were wrapped using merkin clothes, heated in 5% solution of soda water for 1 hour, and kept in that solution for 7 days for decomposing the muscles, tendon and ligaments. For proper cleaning, the bones were dipped into 10% bleaching water for 2 hours. After complete sundry, the bones were articulated using super glue for rising into a skeleton. The vertebral column was aligned with 25-gauge steel wire was inserted into the vertebral foramen. Finally, the skeletons were fixed on a wooden stand. Therefore, the skeletons were preserved and used for demonstration of osteology, and avian anatomy. This duck skeleton will be used to study avian morphology and make a comparative analysis with other mammals.

Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2019, 5(3): 192-196
The issue of implementation of the essence and value of recreational activities into the contents of future social workers’ training
Authors: Serebrianikova Olga
Published: November 2019

This article is devoted to the issue of implementation of the essence and value of recreational activities into the contents of future social workers’ training. There are many changes, also new technologies of work, directions and innovative forms of education are introduced at this stage of future social workers’ professional training.
Today a social worker needs to be able to adapt quickly to society changes and mobilize his/her forces into a productive work direction that will solve professional tasks. Compared to a social pedagogue, a social worker has a wider range of work, multifunctionality in the profession, somewhat different contingent of clients who require a high level of knowledge, ability to handle stress, self-control and ability to work effectively in an emergency. The modern system of higher education allows educational institutions to introduce new educational subjects, which in their opinion are important and irreplaceable in the future specialists’ professional training. Recreational activity is a relatively new direction in pedagogical science. Thus, until recently, recreational activity was studied in the spheres of physical and cross-cultural sciences that investigate the restoration of human’s physical and spiritual condition by means of physical exercises complex and tourist and recreational routes development in different resort places where people will both recover their strength and enrich themselves spiritually. In pedagogical science recreational activity is intended to restore and establish, first of all, spiritual and mental forces of a person that will help to feel better and to carry out the activities at a high level. It is important that future social workers
learn the basics and the main goals of recreational activities. First of all, it means to be able to restore their mental and spiritual powers by themselves, because this person is the main link between the system of social assistance and a person who needs it. And also it means to be able to teach others to recover their strengths, to develop together with the personality effective recovery systems to be used in future.
On an Anomalous Piece of Scientology Ephemera: The Booklet Scientology and the Bible
Authors: Bigliardi Stefano
Published: November 2019

On an Anomalous Piece of Scientology Ephemera:

The Booklet Scientology and the Bible.

The article scrutinizes the booklet Scientology and the Bible (1967), reconstructing the historical circumstances of its publication as well as analysing its potential for interreligious dialogue.
Engaging the history of religions – from an Islamic studies perspective
Authors: Olsson Susanne , Stenberg Leif Erik
Published: November 2019

The future and relevance of the history of religions discipline in the Swedish context has been discussed lately. This article is a response to this debate from an Islamic studies perspective. The authors argue that the history of religions discipline may become more relevant if a more self-critical approach is adopted, an interdisciplinary attitude upheld, and if there is an openness to learn from other disciplines studying religion such as Islamic studies. Moreover, a reflection on ‘history’ in the history of religions is necessary if elitism and a too narrow definition of the discipline are to be avoided. Furthermore, the article addresses the question as to whether or not scholarly engagement in disseminating findings in public should be an intellectual and moral requirement.
Dress in Choral Evensongs in the Dutch Context – Appropriation and Transformation of Religiosity in the Netherlands
Authors: Rijken Hanna , Hoondert Martin, J.M. , Barnard Marcel
Published: November 2019

This article studies the appropriation of Anglican choral evensong, and more specifically, dress at choral evensong, in the Netherlands outside the context of the Anglican Church to gain more insight into religiosity in the Netherlands. The authors explore the dress worn at choral evensong in the Netherlands and the meanings participants attribute to it. The concepts of denotational and connotational meanings are used as an analytical tool. In analysing their interviews, the authors came across three categories of meaning and function participants attribute to dress at choral evensong. The first category was the reference to ‘England as a model’. By wearing Anglican dress, choirs indicate they belong to the high-quality sound group of English cathedral choirs. At the same time, by changing the Anglican ‘dress code’, choirs emphasise their unicity and individuality, independent of church traditions. The second category was the marking of identity: choirs copy the dress from the English tradition, but add some elements to mark their own identity. Besides this marking of identity, aspects of unicity, uniformity, group identity, and gender-marking also play a part. The third category was metamorphosis and transcendence. Choir members refer to unarticulated transcendental experiences by wearing ritual liturgical dress. On the one hand the authors noted a ‘cathedralisation’ or ‘ceremonialisation’ of the singers’ dress, and on the other a de-institutionalisation, for example, in the dress of the minister, if present. The article’s main conclusion is that the fieldwork data reveal that dress at choral evensong in the Netherlands points to changing religiosity at two different levels. First, the authors observe a transformation in the way religion is expressed or ritualised in Reformed Protestant churches in the Netherlands. The popularity of evensong suggests a longing for other forms of worship, with a focus on ceremonies and Anglican-like vesture for the singers. Second, they observe a mix of concert practices and Anglican-like rituals, which the interviewees in our research refer to as a new form of religiosity. In both practices the traditional dress of the Anglican Church is used, whether copied exactly or adapted. A new phenomenon may be observed: choirs wear Anglican-like vesture decoupled from the Anglican Church as they are longing for transcendental experiences which they find in the musical-ritual form and high musical quality of choral evensong.
The knowledge of disembodied souls: Epistemology, body, and social embeddedness in the eschatological doctrine of later sixteenth-century German Lutherans
Authors: Ittzés Gábor
Published: November 2019

In the wake of their rejection of purgatory Protestants had to rethink their eschatological views. The German Lutherans of the latter half of the sixteenth century developed a robust doctrine of the last things, including a teaching on what departed souls know prior to the resurrection. Following an overview of the sources and a brief reconstruction of the overall locus, this article focuses on an analysis of what and how disembodied souls are claimed to know. The evidence holds some surprises. First, while more than lip-service is certainly paid to the ways of knowing God, the authors’ real interest lies in the exploration of interpersonal relationships. Their primary concern is how other human beings, whether still on earth or already departed, may be known and what may be known about them. The implications are threefold. Knowledge of God and knowledge of human beings—ultimately, knowledge of self—are intertwined. Anthropology takes centre-stage, and ontology is thus superseded by epistemology. In all this, the body is never relinquished. The apparently unconscious importation of sensory language and conceptualisation of sense-based experience permeate the discussion of ostensibly disembodied knowledge. Knowing, for our authors, is ultimately a function of the body even if this means ‘packing’ bodily functions into the soul. In this doctrine, which may have had its roots in patristics but which has also demonstrably absorbed impulses from popular religion, knowledge of God is not only deeply connected with individual identity but also exhibits indelible social features and is inseparable from the (re)constitution of community.
The intimate intensity of Evangelical fighting ministries
Authors: Rivers Jessica
Published: November 2019

The author discusses what she learned from her participation in evangelical fighting ministries, paying special attention to how these communities sought to connect with God through interacting with each other. In training with and interviewing the members of these ministries in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the author found that as evangelical Christians, many struggled to establish and maintain the primacy of their personal relationships with God over their interpersonal interests. Yet they also believed their relationships with God were meant to be witnessed and experienced by others. During moments of worship they shared emotional intimacy, granting each other opportunities to make outwardly perceivable their internally felt relationships with God. During their Brazilian jiu-jitsu training, they were encouraged to feel God’s presence as they grappled with each other at very close contact. Using the concept of compartmentalisation, the author analyses how these evangelical fighting ministries demarcated their practices into emotional and physical forms of intimacy, thereby finding different ways to achieve what they perceived as personal contact with God in their intense interactions with each other.
Old Customs
Authors: Nordberg Andreas
Published: November 2019

Although they highlight the Norse (religious) term siðr ‘custom’ and its cognates, some researchers of pre-Christian Scandinavia suggest that the concept of religion involves a Christocentric discourse and should be used cautiously, or even only for Christianity. Some scholars therefore recommend a categorical distinction between pre-Christian (religious) siðr and Christian religion. This paper contributes to this ongoing discussion. I argue that while it is meaningful to highlight the term siðr and its cognates, the distinction between pre-Christian siðr and medieval Christian religion is problematic. 1) While siðr had various meanings in vernacular language, the current debate emphasises only its religious aspect, thus turning the indigenous term into an implicit etic concept. 2) The word siðr and its cognates were also used in medieval Scandinavian languages as designations for Christianity, and hence, the categorisation of pre-Christian siðr and medieval Christian religion is misleading. 3) The distinction between popular siðr and formal religion is fundamentally based on the two-tier model of popular/folk religion–religion. 4) The vernacular (religious) word siðr in the sense of ‘religious customs, the religious aspects of the conventional way of life’ and the heuristic category of (lived) religion are in fact complementary in the study of religion in both Viking and medieval Scandinavia.
‘I haven’t fully understood – is shamanism religion or not?’
Authors: Sundström Olle
Published: November 2019

In this essay the Marxist-Leninist understanding of the concept ‘religion’ is analysed in relation to how it was applied to the so-called shamanism of the indigenous peoples of the Soviet North. The point of departure is the correspondence between the head of the Council for the Affairs of Religious Cults in the Soviet Far East and his superior in Moscow. Further, the legal consequences of the somewhat varying Soviet understandings of ‘religion’ for people adhering to indigenous worldviews and ritual traditions in the Far East is presented. The essay aims to exemplify how definitions of ‘religion’, as well as the categorising of something as ‘religion’ or not, rely on social and political circumstances, and whether one finds ‘religion’, as well as the entities classified as such, to be positive or negative for the individual and society.
The impact of the Reformation on the formation of mentality and the moral landscape in the Nordic countries
Authors: Anttonen Veikko
Published: November 2019

Along with the Lutheran world the Nordic countries celebrated the five hundredth anniversary of the Reformation on 31st October 2017. In this article I shall examine the impact of Luther’s reform on the formation of mentality and the moral landscape in the Nordic countries. Special reference is made to the impact of Lutheranism on the indigenous Sámi culture, a topic which has been explored extensively by Håkan Rydving, the expert in Sámi language and religion.
The religious administration of Constantine
Authors: Warmind Morten
Published: November 2019

Much of Håkan Rydving's work deals in one way or another with the influence of Christianity on the Saami-peoples. In my paper I explore how Constantine promoted Christianity through his time as emperor in the laws he issued. It is my argument, that Constantine really did nothing - or very little - that was without precedent, but that his careful method and his longevity as ruler was among the reasons for his success in creating the beginnings of a Christian Empire.
Revivals of ancient religious traditions in modern India
Authors: Jacobsen Knut A.
Published: November 2019

The article compares the early stages of the revivals of Sāṃkhyayoga and Buddhism in modern India. A similarity of Sāṃkhyayoga and Buddhism was that both had disappeared from India and were revived in the modern period, partly based on Orientalist discoveries and writings and on the availability of printed books and publishers. Printed books provided knowledge of ancient traditions and made re-establishment possible and printed books provided a vehicle for promoting the new teachings. The article argues that absence of communities in India identified with these traditions at the time meant that these traditions were available as identities to be claimed.
Honey and Poison
Authors: Wellendorf Jonas
Published: November 2019

The Ǫgvaldsnes episode from Oddr munkr’s Óláfs saga Tryggavasonar and Acallam na Senórach, two roughly contemporary and somewhat similar texts, show how different strategies have been employed to reframe the pagan past and neutralise the poison of this material that worried early doctors of the church such as St Basil. The two texts propose different answers to Alcuin’s oft-cited question about the relationship between Christianity and pagan traditions. Both solutions entail depriving the former divinities of their numinous powers, but each strategy also comes at a price. The Old Norse text opts for demonisation and exclusion while the Irish text strives for domestication and subordination. It is not claimed that these two texts are representative of the ways in which the Old Norse and Irish traditions at large handled this question. Rather, the choices of these strategies are probably dictated by the particular historical circumstances of each author, their respective aims, and the literary circuit to which they belonged. Some parallels with the two main texts and alternative ways of reframing the pagan past are also briefly discussed.
ANALISIS NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA NOVEL “SEPATU DAHLAN“ KARYA KHRISNA PABICHARA
Authors: Pratama Ovi
Published: November 2019

This study aims to describe the value of character education contained in the novel “Sepatu Dahlan” by Khrisna Pabichara. The subject of this research is the novel “Sepatu Dahlan” Karya Khrisna Pabichara published by the publisher Noura Books (Mizan Group) in 2012. This type of research is descriptive qualitative aimed to describe or describe the phenomena that exist, both natural phenomena or human engineering. Data collection techniques in this study used reading, note-taking, and library techniques. The results showed that the character values contained in the novel “Sepatu Dahlan” by Khrisna Pabichara based on the most widely appear character quotations there are 3 characters that are the most dominant, is the value of religious character education, discipline and hard work. The values of character education found in the novel “Sepatu Dahlan” by Khrisna Pabichara are in the form of behaviours performed by a character in the face of events and in various forms of interaction between a character and another character that is told.
ANALISIS KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DI KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Indah Sari Suci Tri
Published: November 2019

At present, Indonesia uses the 2013 education curriculum or national curriculum in education. The most important thing in the 2013 curriculum is the use of a scientific approach. Teachers still have difficulty applying the scientific approach to teaching and learning activities. The use of descriptive research methods by researchers must describe the data obtained at the time of data collection. This includes a description of the learning plan and learning data in class Vb 91 of SD Negeri Pekanbaru. Data collection is done through observation, surveys and documentation studies using data analysis techniques in the form of data collection and subsequent data reduction to present data for inference. Class Vb teacher has planned learning activities according to the scientific approach. Learning planning activities carried out by making lesson plans that are made by studying the syllabus, textbooks and textbooks by explaining the steps of a scientific approach in accordance with textbook information. The teacher has done learning in a scientific approach, doing 5M activities, namely observing, asking questions, collecting data, debating and communicating. However, the hardest part is asking questions that can still be answered by giving advice to students.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA KOMIK DENGAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SD
Authors: Pamungkas Danang , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Indarini Endang
Published: November 2019

This research and development aims to develop and test the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of comic-based modules in mathematics in elementary schools. The research method used is R&D with the ADDIE development model which consists of five stages, namely 1) analysis, 2) design, 3) development, 4) implementation and 5) evaluation ). Product validity was obtained from expert testing with expert validation instruments. The practicality of the product in the form of comic media was obtained through limited trials with a questionnaire instrument. The effectiveness is obtained through one class trial with one group pretest-posttest design then the results are tested using Paired SamplesvT Test. The result of this research is that the comic-based media module generally improves the ability to solve mathematical problems in the classroom material of five elementary school students. Learning media are declared valid based on the test of media experts, material experts and learning experts. Learning media are declared practical based on the results of the questionnaire responses of teachers and students. Learning media are declared effective based on the results of students' Paired SamplesvT Test pretest-posttest.
Components of the Metabolic Syndrome and the Main Manifestations of Metabolic Disorders in School Children
Authors: Alymbayev E. , Ongoeva B. , Kozhonazarova G.
Published: November 2019

The article presents data from a survey of 217 children with various manifestations of metabolic disorders. This study made it possible to identify children at risk of developing atherogenic diseases whose abdominal obesity has not yet reached critical values.
Prevalence of Degenerative Diseases of the Spine in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Sabyraliev M. , Sulaimanov Zh. , Koichubekov A.
Published: November 2019

There is no doubt that with the years, and the acquisition of work experience, each person earns not only merit, and the benefits that result from it. However, gradually, and in most people, there are diseases of the musculoskeletal system, which undoubtedly, to some extent, affect the favorable existence. Nevertheless, it should be noted that a full-scale study of the prevalence of degenerative diseases in the Kyrgyz Republic and the degree of influence on the social side of the life of the population never carried out. The purpose of this study was to study the prevalence of degenerative-dystrophic diseases in the Kyrgyz Republic for 6 years (2010–2015) and their significance in the structure of disability. In the framework of a retrospective study of statistical data on diseases of the spine for 6 years, the turnover was 19186 cases, and in some areas, there was an increase in this indicator. So, in Osh from 1177 in 2010 to 1224 in 2015, an increase in the number of patients in 47 patients, representing 0.7%, of Jalal-Abad region with 402 patients in 2010 to 694 in 2015, an increase of 292 (9.6%). The average republican rate of more disability exit from the diseases of the musculoskeletal system was 1.7 in the study period, but the increase was always higher than the average republican rate in Batken (4.4), Issyk-Kul (3,4), Naryn (2,7), Talas (2,1), and Chui (2,1) areas.
Potensi Subsektor Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Perikanan Unggulan Dalam Pembangunan Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai
Authors: Bangun Rita Herawaty
Published: November 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi sub sektor unggulan di sektor pertanian, kehutanan dan perikanan. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah produk domestik regional bruto (PDRB) di sektor pertanian, kehutanan dan perikanan Kabupaten Serdang Bedagei dan Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis location quetiont (LQ) dan analisis shift share. Hasil analisis LQ menunjukkan bahwa sub sektor unggulan di sektor pertanian, kehutanan dan perikanan adalah sub sektor tanaman pangan, sub sektor peternakan dan sub sektor perikanan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis shift share sub sektor tanaman hortikultura semusim, sub sektor kehutanan dan penebangan kayu, dan sub sektor perikanan mempunyai daya saing yang tinggi dan berpotensi untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi Kabupaten Serdang Bedagei.

Kata kunci: Sektor pertanian, kehutanan dan perikanan, location quetiont, shift share
Studi Penyebab Keterlambatan Penyelesaian Proyek-Proyek Infrastruktur di Kota Binjai
Authors: KENCANA SURI
Published: November 2019

Pemerintah Kota Binjai melalui Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kota Binjai setiap tahunnya menyiapkan anggaran untuk pembangunan kotanya melalui proyek-proyek konstruksi gedung dan infrastruktur. Seperti kota-kota lainnya di Indonesia, sekitar 60% sampai dengan 70% proyek konstruksi mengalami keterlambatan, begitu pula halnya di Kota Binjai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan mendapatkan pengetahuan terkait dengan penyebab keterlambatan yang sering terjadi pada pelaksanaan proyek-proyek konstruksi, menganalisis penyebab yang paling dominan, serta memberikan masukan/saran pencegahan keterlambatan di masa depan. Metode sampel acak strata proporsional menjadi teknik pengambilan sampel karena populasi yang tidak homogen dan berstrata secara proporsional. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuisioner dengan penyebab keterlambatan proyek terangkum dalam 7 kategori dengan 35 variabel. Terdapat 15 proyek konstruksi yang menjadi objek penelitian dengan 32 responden di mana dari pihak pemilik proyek (owner) sebanyak 15 responden, pihak pelaksana proyek (kontraktor) sebanyak 12 responden dan konsultan supervisi sebanyak 5 responden. Harga barang-barang konstruksi yang secara berkesinambungan terus meningkat menjadi hal terpenting/dominan yang perlu diperhatikan dengan persentase sebesar 42%. Terdapat beda pandangan antara pemilik proyek (owner) yang menyatakan bahwa gangguan keamanan selama proyek berlangsung yang menjadi penyebab keterlambatan. Sedangkan kontraktor/konsultan supervisi menyatakan harga barang-barang konstruksi yang secara berkesinambungan terus meningkat tersebut yang menjadi penyebab keterlambatan penyelesaian proyek konstruksi gedung dan infrastrukstur di Kota Binjai. Perencanaan yang baik, detail dan matang sesuai dengan kebutuhan serta mudah dipahami dan diaplikasikan di lapangan sehingga diperoleh konstruksi yang tepat dengan biaya yang ekonomis menjadi masukan/saran responden yang paling diharapkan sehingga di masa depan proyek konstruksi dapat diselesaikan tepat waktu sesuai dengan yang direncanakan.

 

Kata Kunci: Penyebab Keterlambatan, Proyek Konstruksi, Indeks Kepentingan
Emodin Inhibits EBV Reactivation and Represses NPC Tumorigenesis
Authors: Wu Chung-Chun , Chen Mei-Shu , Cheng Yu-Jhen , Ko Ying-Chieh , Lin Su-Fang , Chiu Ing-Ming , Chen Jen-Yang
Published: November 2019

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a unique malignancy derived from the epithelium of the nasopharynx. Despite great advances in the development of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, relapse and metastasis in NPC patients remain major causes of mortality. Evidence accumulated over recent years indicates that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic replication plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NPC and inhibition of EBV reactivation is now being considered as a goal for the therapy of EBV-associated cancers. With this in mind, a panel of dietary compounds was screened and emodin was found to have potential anti-EBV activity. Through Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometric analysis, we show that emodin inhibits the expression of EBV lytic proteins and blocks virion production in EBV- positive epithelial cell lines. In investigating the underlying mechanism, reporter assays indicated that emodin represses Zta promoter (Zp) and Rta promoter (Rp) activities, triggered by various inducers. Mapping of the Zp construct reveals that the SP1 binding region is important for emodin-triggered repression and emodin is shown to be able to inhibit SP1 expression, suggesting that it likely inhibits EBV reactivation by suppression of SP1 expression. Moreover, we also show that emodin inhibits the tumorigenic properties induced by repeated EBV reactivation, including micronucleus formation, cell proliferation, migration, and matrigel invasiveness. Emodin administration also represses the tumor growth in mice which is induced by EBV activation. Taken together, our results provide a potential chemopreventive agent in restricting EBV reactivation and NPC recurrence.