bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mirasbırakanın Vasiyetnamesinde Ölünceye Kadar Kendisine Bakılması Koşuluna Bağladığı Ölüme Bağlı Tasarrufları
Authors: Ercan Cannur
Published: February 2025

Çalışmanın odak noktası mirasbırakanın, vasiyetnamesinde kendisine ölünceye kadar bakması koşuluyla belirli bir kişi lehine yaptığı ölüme bağlı kazandırmalarıdır. Ölünceye kadar bakım ve ilgiye, gözetilmeye ihtiyaç duyan kimselerin, bu ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasını sağlamak için ayrıca Borçlar Kanunu’nda düzenlenen ölünceye kadar bakma sözleşmesine başvurabilme imkanları da bulunmaktadır (BK m. 611 vd.). Ancak mirasbırakanın bir sözleşme ilişkisini tercih etmek yerine kendisine ölünceye kadar bakması koşuluyla belirli bir kimseyi mirasçısı atamasına veya bu kimse lehine belirli mal vasiyetinde bulunmasına da hukuken bir engel bulunmamaktadır.
Mirasbırakanın ölünceye kadar bakılması koşuluyla yaptığı ölüme bağlı tasarrufları hakkında gerekli bilgilere yer verildikten sonra değinilen iki hukuki imkânın, özellikle bakım alacaklısının Miras Hukuku nitelikli ölünceye kadar bakma sözleşmesinden doğan hak ve yükümlülükleri bakımından birbiri ile karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ölünceye kadar bakma sözleşmesine, çalışmada ele alınan konunun gerektirdiği kapsamda yer verilecektir. Son olarak mirasbırakanın, ölümüne kadar ona bakılması koşuluna bağladığı ve belirli bir kişi lehine yaptığı ölüme bağlı tasarruflarına ilişkin karşılaşılabilecek bazı hukuki meselelere değinilecektir.
Ücretsiz İzin Sonrası İşçinin İşverence İşe Başlatılmaması ve Hukuki Sonuçları
Authors: Erkanlı Başbüyük Betül
Published: February 2025

Tarafların anlaşması sonucunda iş sözleşmesinin askıya alınması ile ortaya çıkan ücretsiz izin uygulaması, sözleşmenin sona ermesinin önlenmesi ve iş ilişkisinin devamını sağlayarak işçinin feshe karşı korunması amacına yönelik önemli uygulamalardan biridir. İş sözleşmesinin tarafların anlaşması sonucunda askıya alınması ile işçi iş görme edimini yerine getirmekle yükümlü olmamakta, buna bağlı olarak ücretine de hak kazanamamaktadır. Bu nedenle ücretsiz nitelikteki bu iznin çok uzun süreli olmaması, makul bir süre ile sınırlandırılması işçinin korunması açısından bir gerekliliktir. Anlaşma ile kararlaştırılan ücretsiz izin uygulamalarına ilişkin kanunda düzenleme bulunmadığından, ücretsiz iznin süresi ile iş görme ve ücret ödeme yükümlülüklerinin ne zaman doğacağı sorunu öğreti tartışmalarına ve yargı kararlarına konu olmaktadır. Çalışmamızda kısaca anlaşma ile kararlaştırılan ücretsiz izin kavramına yer verilmekte, ücretsiz iznin devam edeceği sürenin belirlenmemesi sorunu ile ücretsiz izin uygulamasının sona ermesi halinde işçinin işverence işe başlatılmamasının hukuki sonuçları tartışılmaktadır.
Anonim Şirket Yönetim Kurulu Üyelerinin Hukuki ve Cezai Sorumluluk Ayrımı
Authors: Güngüneş Şahin Hilal Betül
Published: February 2025

Atıl bulunan küçük sermayeleri bir araya getiren ve bu sermayeleri ekonominin hizmetine sunarak büyük yatırımlar yapılmasını sağlayan anonim şirketler ekonomik düzenin önemli taşıyıcılarından birisidir. Ancak büyük yatırımların yapılması ve ticari hayatın gelişmesi her şeyden önce kişilerin birbirlerine güvenmelerine ve piyasadaki istikrara bağlıdır. Bu güven ilişkisini oluşturmanın yolu ise şirketlerle ilgili sorumluluk hukukunun geliştirilmesi ve buna bağlı olarak yöneticilerin sorumluluklarının etkili bir hukuki çerçeveye alınmasıdır. Şu hâlde yalnızca hukuki sorumluluk yüklemek suretiyle ekonominin sağlıklı bir şekilde büyümesini sağlamanın ve ticari hayatı dengede tutmanın her daim mümkün olmayacağı rahatlıkla söylenebilecektir. Söz konusu durum, anonim şirketler bünyesinde gerçekleştirilen faaliyetlerin ticaret hukukuna ek olarak ceza hukukunun inceleme alanına girmesini kaçınılmaz hale getirmektedir. Dolayısıyla şirket yöneticilerinin hukuki sorumluluklarının yanı sıra cezai sorumluluklarının da belirlenmesi ve bu iki sorumluluk türü arasındaki başlıca farklılıkların ortaya konulması önem taşımaktadır.
Vergi Hukukunda Tahakkuk Kavramı, Benzer Kavramlardan Farkı ve Hukuki Niteliği
Authors: Elvan Katiç Aslı
Published: February 2025

Vergi borcunun tahakkuku, vergilendirme sürecinde yer alan ve Türk vergi hukukuna özgü olduğu kabul edilen bir safhadır. Tarh ve tebliğ edilen verginin ödenmesi gereken aşamaya gelmesine karşılık gelen tahakkuk aynı zamanda vergi borcunun vadesinin belirlenmesi, gecikme faizinin hesaplanması ve ziyaa uğratılan verginin tespiti hususları bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Çalışmamızda tahakkuk öncelikle sözlük anlamlarıyla ele alınmış, tahakkukun farklı disiplinlerdeki karşılıklarına yer verilmiştir. Tahakkukun gerçekleşme anı ve vergilendirme sürecindeki rolü, benzer kavramlarla kıyaslanması suretiyle tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Öğretide sıklıkla tahakkukla bağdaştırılan kavramlar olan kesinleşme ve muacceliyet ile tahakkuk arasındaki farklar ortaya koyulmuştur. Tahakkuk aşaması ile bir güvence önlemi olarak ihtiyati tahakkuk muamelesi bir arada ele alınmıştır. Son olarak, idari işlem teorisi bağlamında tahakkukun bir idari işlem niteliğinde olup olmadığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Kant Düşüncesinde Hukuk, Devlet ve İnsan Haklarının Felsefi Temelleri
Authors: Işık Alper , Yalçın Cemre Edip
Published: February 2025

Aydınlanma Çağı’nın en öne çıkan niteliği, insanın rasyonel doğasına duyulan sonsuz güven ve ortaya çıkan pozitif bilimler ışığında doğan ilerleme düşüncesidir. Immanuel Kant, yaşadığı Aydınlanma Çağı’nın bir düşünürü olarak felsefenin çok farklı alanlarında derinlikli eserler vererek hem kendi dönemini hem de kendisinden sonraki dönemleri son derece etkilemiştir. Kant’ın eleştirel felsefesi, insanı diğer varlıklardan ayırt etmeye yönelik ortaya koyduğu irade özgürlüğü ve aklın otonomisi kavramlarını temel almaktadır. Kant, özgür iradeye sahip olduğu düşünülen insanın hangi durum ve koşullarda gerçekten özgür olduğunu belirlemiştir. Salt insanın aklı ile felsefi olarak temellendirdiği ahlaki normatif yapıyı özgürlük, sosyal sözleşme, hak, adalet, barış, insan onuru gibi kavramlarla ilişkilendirerek hukuka ve devlete doğru genişleten Kant, böylelikle epey kapsamlı bir siyaset felsefesi geliştirmiştir. Neticede Kant’ın siyaset felsefesi kapsamında ortaya koyduğu fikirler, günümüzde özellikle insan haklarının kurumsallaşması ve felsefi temellendirilmesinde etkili olacak evrensel bir hukuki-siyasi düşünce sistematiği yaratmıştır. Günümüzde insan haklarını felsefi bir temele oturtmak için Kant, insan onuru kavramı yoluyla bizlere evrensel geçerliliği olan ve kendi içerisinde tutarlı bütünlük arz eden felsefi bir temel sunmaktadır.
The study of Krasnomost type monuments on the Middle Volga
Authors: Shalapinin Anton Alexandrovich
Published: February 2025

The work is devoted to the history of the study of the Krasnomost type monuments of the final Neolithic of the forest zone of the Middle Volga. Two stages are distinguished in the study of the Krasnomost type materials. At the first stage (the second half of the 1970s – middle 1990s), the main corpus of sources on this issue was formed and the cultural and chronological position of the Krasnomost materials among the Neolithic-Eneolithic complexes of the Volga-Kama region was determined. The most controversial issue during this period was the cultural status of the Krasnomost materials. At the second stage (the end of the 1990s – the present), there is a reduction in field work on the study of Krasnomostovsky monuments, the main attention is paid to the problem of the origin of the complexes of the final Neolithic and their participation in the formation of the Middle Volga version of the Volosovo cultural and historical community. During this period, data on radiocarbon dating and the results of technical and technological analysis of ceramic dishes began to be used to solve issues related to the problem of the genesis of Krasnomostov materials. To date, as a result of the work of the research team, the origin, time of existence and further fate of the Krasnomostov complexes have been determined. The most pressing issue is the relationship with cultural formations of adjacent territories.
Teaching materials based on sinau digital unesa: can it improve students' swimming knowledge?
Authors: Rudi Rudi , Mariono Andi , Sumarno Alim , Prakoso Bayu Budi , Pradana Priya Yoga
Published: February 2025

Research Problems: The only way to master swimming skills is to practice dominated by practice. As a result, the duration of practice in swimming courses takes up time to learn theory. The development of teaching materials based on the Learning Management System (LMS) is the right choice for assisting students in practising practice. Research Objectives: This development research aims to test the effectiveness of using LMS-based teaching materials called sinau digital unesa to improve students' knowledge of swimming material. Methods: The ADDIE development model was completed at each stage. Testing of the development results was carried out on 97 first-semester students who took swimming courses. The feasibility of the development product was validated by material experts and learning media. The implementation of teaching materials was tested for effectiveness using a one-group pretest-post-test design. The research instrument used a knowledge test. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and t-tests. Results: The product feasibility test by experts on the development results showed that the feasibility value of the lecture plan (RPS) was 95% (very feasible), the learning content was 95% (very feasible), the media in the LMS was 95% (very feasible), and the LMS teaching materials based on the material were 94.4% (very feasible). The results of the implementation of the development product show that the results of the development of teaching materials can significantly increase student knowledge (t = 3.19, p = 0.002) by 6.54%. Conclusion: It is concluded that LMS-based teaching materials can help students improve their knowledge of swimming material.
THE ROLE OF DATA ENGINEERS AND ANALYSTS IN HEALTH INSURANCE AND COORDINATION
Authors:   Sr Data Analyst SERCO, INC VA, USA, Chanda Deepak
Published: February 2025

As the health insurance industry digitizes at a rapid pace, data engineering and analytics are upheld within the industry as indispensable tools for better policies and claims service operations along with more effective compliance management. This article illustrates the problems that data engineers and analysts must solve so as to ease the operation of health insurance. Securing heterotic sources of information can be interfaced with illumination filters. The computing of work queues will become a thing heretofore poorly conceived. It is possible to find out Overflows and make them disappear. And that approach leads to decision- making optimization. In particular, responsibilities include debug requests from 587s, model data flows, clean datasets, and run production automatic-jobs as well as coordinating deployment. Nor can health insurance providers manage the policy changes. How can they do so when this takes more time, indeed very many cycles longer than ever before? So how do they adapt? As health insurers offering customers with services in a data-driven era networks and insurers of alliances among stakeholders do better. In education organization for this type of world–is needed too. For insurance market today and tomorrow, life insurance companies are already starting to face innovation and change: data own technologies, long-term health goal setting, early warning fragmented experience reconstruction of medical practices industry has brought us. It is these information-based systems that will change how people bought life policies next year.
Kinesika sa loob ng Silid-Aralan: Isang Pedagohikal na Pagsusuri
Authors: Dacayo III Lino Xernan
Published: February 2025

This qualitative study focuses on the use of non-verbal communication, particularly kinesics, inside the classroom. Firstly, the kinesic cues used by teachers inside the classroom to manage the teaching and learning processes in the classroom were identified. It was found that teachers use silent treatment, use of fingers, hand gestures, head movement and facial expressions, and body movement. Secondly, the study sought to identify the effects of kinesics on students. It was determined that the use of kinesics reinforces self-confidence among the students, captures students’ attention in class, keeps students silent, improves students’ behavior, and causes tension that causes students to behave. Lastly, a program for teachers about the use of kinesics as a classroom management activity was proposed.
Transferência tecnológica: fatos e percepções sobre patentes em biotecnologia no Brasil de 2014 a 2023
Authors: Kume Wilson , Junior Manoel Carlos de Oliveira
Published: February 2025

Este estudo trata da evolução das patentes no setor de biotecnologia entre 2014 e 2023 no Brasil e seu papel na promoção de inovações capazes de transformar setores como saúde, agricultura, energia, meio ambiente e indústria. A biotecnologia é a união do conhecimento científico com o tecnológico, proporcionando soluções para desafios mundiais, tais como a segurança alimentar e o tratamento das doenças. Apesar dos avanços, dificuldades ainda são enfrentadas, incluindo a dependência das inovações estrangeiras e a baixa taxa de patentes na indústria biotecnológica. O estudo enfatiza a importância de um ambiente que vise proteger as invenções, mas também a promoção da pesquisa e do desenvolvimento. A colaboração entre universidades e empresas é necessária para o aprimoramento da inovação, porém há barreiras a serem superadas, como a burocracia e a falta de dados integrados. Conclui-se que, para revitalizar o setor, é necessário um esforço conjunto que estimule a troca de conhecimentos e um sistema de patentes mais eficiente para possibilitar que o país tenha melhor desempenho em um mundo competitivo.
A AFETIVIDADE NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM DA ESCRITA
Authors: Santos Jailson Silva dos
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo buscou compreender como as pesquisas defendidas no Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Letras da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (PROFLETRAS/UESC) contemplam o componente afetivo no desenvolvimento das habilidades de escrita de alunos da Educação Básica. Esta pesquisa ancorou-se, principalmente, nas teorias psicogenéticas de Vigotski (1998) e Wallon (2007), que discutem sobre a afetividade como dimensão presente e relevante ao desenvolvimento cognitivo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental e exploratória, em que os documentos foram analisados a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa. O corpus deste estudo foram as pesquisas defendidas no PROFLETRAS/UESC que contemplam a dimensão afetiva da escrita. Para tanto, utilizamos como fonte a página web da unidade PROFLETRAS/UESC, na aba “dissertações defendidas”, no período de 2015 a 2022. Como resultado, certificou-se que a maioria das pesquisas sobre a escrita contempla as dimensões cognitivas e metodológicas, deixando lacunas na produção científica voltada à apreciação de propostas pedagógicas que reiterem a integração da escrita na perspectiva da dimensão afetiva e cognitiva interligadas. Ressaltamos que a presente pesquisa busca proporcionar contribuições para novas investigações no âmbito da Educação, bem como nos Programas de Pós-Graduação de áreas afins.
NAVEGANDO PELO SABER: DESAFIOS E APRENDIZADOS NA EDUCAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS COM MICROCEFALIA
Authors: Silva Gildeane Hilglley Alves da , Menezes Danielle Santos , Souza Verônica dos Reis Mariano , Ferrete Anne Alilma Silva Souza
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo é um recorte da monografia do curso de Pedagogia- UFS com o título “Sete anos da epidemia de Zika: desafio das escolas quanto à inclusão e promoção de aprendizagem das crianças com microcefalia no estado de Sergipe” e tem o objetivo de compreender os desafios e práticas pedagógicas dos professores da Educação Infantil para inclusão de alunos com microcefalia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa realizada por meio de procedimentos metodológicos da pesquisa qualitativa de caráter bibliográfico, visando a aproximação com a realidade educacional das crianças com microcefalia. Utilizamos como embasamento teórico para este trabalho alguns autores como Sá (2013), Nepomuceno e Alcantara (2017) e Villachan- Lyra e Almeida (2019). Os resultados evidenciaram os desafios na educação de crianças com microcefalia, incluindo carência de recursos, infraestrutura inadequada e falta de formação para lidar com necessidades específicas. Destaca-se a complexidade da inclusão dessas crianças, ressaltando a necessidade urgente de investimento na formação docente. É preciso fornecer aos professores os recursos e conhecimentos essenciais para estabelecer um ambiente educacional verdadeiramente inclusivo, abordando questões como o manejo de medicação, crises convulsivas e práticas para o desenvolvimento integral do aluno.
Gold nanoparticle-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes for label-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using drop casting and spray coating methods
Authors: Zakiyyah Salma Nur , Satriana Nadya Putri , Fransisca Natasha , Gaffar Shabarni , Syakir Norman , Irkham Irkham , Hartati Yeni Wahyuni
Published: February 2025

Background and purpose: This study aimed to explore the modification of screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) to produce an extensive conductive surface with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the detection of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ribonucleic acid (RNA). Experimental approach: The experiment was carried out using drop casting (DC) and spray coating (SC) methods. Au-S covalent interactions were formed between thiolated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA ) and Au surface, which further hybridized with the target RNA to be detected using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Optimization of experimental conditions was performed using Box-Behnken design (BBD) on probe ssDNA concentration, probe ssDNA immobilization time, and target hybridization time. The morphology of the modified electrode was characterized using a scanning electron microscope, while the electrochemical behaviour was determined with DPV and electron impedance spectroscopy. Key results: The results showed that SPCE modification with AuNPs by DC produced a higher peak current height of 12.267 μA with an Rct value of 2.534 kΩ, while SC improved the distribution of AuNPs in the electrode surface. The optimum experimental conditions obtained using BBD were 0.5 µg mL-1 ssDNA-probe concentration, an immobi¬liza¬tion time of 22 minutes, and a hybridization time of 12 minutes. The limit of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection at a concentration range of 0.5 to 10 μg mL-1 was 0.1664 and 0.694 μg mL-1 for DC and SC, respectively. The T-test results for both methods show that the current response of target RNA with SPCE/AuNP by DC does not show the same result, indicating a significant difference in the current response between those two methods. Conclusion: SPCE/AuNP by DC is better than SPCE/AuNP by SC for immobilizing inosine-substituted ssDNA, which subsequently hybridizes with viral RNA, enabling label-free detection of guanine from SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LINEAR ECONOMETRIC AND MASCHINE LEARNING APPROACHES TO GLOBAL CLIMATE-INDUCED MIGRATION FLOWS
Authors:   Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, ROGALSKI Christian
Published: February 2025

This study compares linear econometric and machine learning approaches to understanding climate-induced migration from a global perspective, utilizing an expanded dataset covering the period from 1960 to 2020. The analysis contrasts a fixed-effects panel model with a Random Forest machine learning model, each designed to capture the influence of climate factors such as average temperature and precipitation on migration flows using the same underlying data. In the linear model, these climate variables interact with socioeconomic indicators like GDP per capita and agricultural dependency, as well as governance and infrastructure quality, to explain historical migration trends and highlight how institutional and structural resilience can mitigate climate pressures. The Random Forest model, in turn, uncovers non-linear interactions and threshold effects that the linear specification cannot directly assume, yet it confirms the relevance of the chosen variables and interactions by producing a similar level of explanatory power. Together, these approaches show that while climate-related changes significantly shape migration patterns, their impact is highly context-dependent. The findings underscore the advantages of combining traditional econometric modelling with machine learning methods to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of global climate-induced migration flows.
BIOIMPRESSÃO 3D DE TECIDOS E ÓRGÃOS: FUTURO DA RECONSTRUÇÃO CIRÚRGICA
Authors: Silva Isabela Sant’ana Souza e , Lima Guilherme Feijó , Amaral José Makary Paiva do , Maldonado João Victor de Oliveira , Campese Ibrahin Henrique Balais , Bacelar Albert , Lemos Max Dias , Gomes Ana Paula Dias , Resende Ana Júlia Pesati , Carvalho Tereza Cristina Aires de , Coelho Taiane da Silva , Verbo Mirian Patricia Chicchi , Borges Gabriela Rodrigues da Cunha , Sotolani Brenno Lira , Moraes Caio Eduardo Octavio de
Published: February 2025

A medicina moderna está passando por uma transformação significativa com o advento da bioimpressão tridimensional (3D), uma tecnologia inovadora que integra biologia, engenharia e ciência dos materiais para desenvolver tecidos e órgãos funcionais. Essa inovação apresenta um potencial revolucionário para a reconstrução cirúrgica e a medicina regenerativa, oferecendo soluções personalizadas que superam as limitações dos tratamentos convencionais, como a escassez de doadores, a rejeição imunológica e a falta de compatibilidade funcional. Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre a bioimpressão 3D de tecidos e órgãos, explorando suas aplicações na reconstrução cirúrgica, seus avanços recentes e desafios futuros. A metodologia adotada consiste na síntese das descobertas científicas mais recentes para analisar o impacto dessa tecnologia na prática clínica. Os resultados indicam que tecidos bioimpressos, como pele, cartilagem e ossos, já estão sendo utilizados em contextos experimentais e clínicos, demonstrando eficácia na redução de complicações, na melhora da recuperação dos pacientes e na otimização dos recursos em saúde. Além disso, pesquisas em andamento sobre a bioimpressão de órgãos complexos, como coração e fígado, apontam para possíveis avanços na transplantação de órgãos. No entanto, desafios tecnológicos e regulatórios significativos ainda persistem, incluindo a vascularização, a compatibilidade dos biomateriais e a padronização dos protocolos de impressão. O estudo ressalta a importância da colaboração interdisciplinar, das considerações éticas e do desenvolvimento de políticas regulatórias para garantir a implementação segura e equitativa dessa tecnologia na prática clínica. Por fim, a bioimpressão 3D tem o potencial de redefinir a reconstrução cirúrgica, melhorar os desfechos clínicos e contribuir para uma abordagem mais sustentável e personalizada na medicina.
PRODUCTION OF ALGINATE, CHITOSAN AND ALGINATE/CHITOSAN FIBERS AND EVALUATION OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL, MORPHOLOGICAL AND CYTOTOXIC PROPERTIES
Authors: Carretero Agatha Cristiane , Da Costa Sirlene Maria , Baruque-Ramos Júlia , Ferraz Humberto Gomes , Cerón Annie Alexandra , da Costa Silgia Aparecida
Published: February 2025

In this study fibers from alginate, chitosan and hybrid alginate/chitosan with and without glycerol were synthesized. The fibers were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetry (TGA).  Properties such as tensile, swelling, weight loss and cytotoxicity were evaluated. The water absorption considering a period of 30 days for alginate fibers without glycerol were 161% , 167% for alginate with glycerol, 100% for chitosan, chitosan with glycerol 158% and 215% e 156% for the hybrid fibers without and with glycerol respectively. The weight loss was 26% for alginate without glycerol, 28% for alginate with glycerol, 15% for chitosan without glycerol, 28% for chitosan with glycerol, 23% for hybrid without glycerol and 27% for hybrid with glycerol fibers. All fibers had an average diameter between 75 and 100 µm. The glycerol increased the fiber elongation 24% for alginate fibers, 93% for chitosan fibers and 13% for hybrid fibers. All fibers without and with glycerol showed no cytotoxicity. The produced fibers satisfied the analysis criteria and presented potential for technical textile production for biomedical applications.
The Effect Of Capital Structure And Liquidity On Financial Sustainability Through Performance
Authors: Rohaeni Nani , Meutia Meutia , Indriana Ina , Januarsi Yeni
Published: February 2025

Introduction: This study was conducted to determine whether there is a relationship between capital structure and liquidity to financial sustainability through financial performance as a mediating variable. Because in some cases capital structure has an important role in business activities in a company.Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of capital structure and liquidity on financial sustainability with financial performance as a mediating variable. Capital structure is measured using the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), liquidity is measured using the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), financial performance is measured using Return on Equity (ROE), and financial sustainability is measured by the Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR).Method: This study uses a quantitative approach with a causal design. Secondary data were obtained from the financial statements of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the banking sector during the period 2018–2023. The data analysis methods used in this study are classical assumption tests and multiple linear regression to analyze direct effects and to analyze mediation effects.Result: The findings of this study prove that capital structure and liquidity have a positive and significant effect on financial performance. Capital structure and liquidity have a positive and significant effect on financial sustainability. Financial performance is proven to have an effect on financial sustainability. Financial performance is also proven to mediate the effect of capital structure and liquidity on financial sustainability.Conclusion: These findings indicate that optimal management of capital structure and liquidity, accompanied by improved financial performance, can improve the financial sustainability of the company.
Plant Leaf Disease Detection and Recommendation System using Alex Net-Honey Badger Fusion Algorithm
Authors: Mitra Dipra , Goyal Ankur , Gupta Ganesh , Shivkant
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Plant diseases pose a significant challenge to the agriculture sector, affecting crop yield and quality, and thereby impacting the global economy. This paper discusses the urgent requirement for effective and precise detection and management of plant diseases.Objective: Utilizing the latest developments in machine learning and deep learning, specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), we present a streamlined algorithm for identifying plant leaf diseases and providing treatment recommendations. To increase feature selection and classification accuracy, this method combines the strengths of the Honey Badger method (HBA) and antlion optimisation (ALO). Methods: This research thoroughly validates the suggested algorithm on a dataset of 87,000 RGB images that are categorised into 38 distinct plant diseases in order to compare it with state-of-the-art methods already in use. Result: The outcomes demonstrate outstanding performance with respect to accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, outperforming traditional models like Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and other deep learning models. By adding a recommendation mechanism to the algorithm, this work significantly advances the field by providing useful guidance on the management and prevention of diseases. Conclusion: The study has important ramifications for plant pathology and agricultural technologies. It offers farmers practical ways to successfully fight plant diseases, hence lowering food insecurity and improving crop productivity.
Effects of corporate governance at information asymmetry on the presence of covid 19 pandemic
Authors: Yousef Ali Haitham Yousef Ali , Hamshari Yaser  Mohd , Alqam Mohammad Ahmad , Albataineh Abdelkarim Fawwaz
Published: February 2025

This research was conducted in the presence of the COVID-19 epidemic, and its goal was to examine the effect of certain corporate governance mechanisms on information asymmetry. Company governance mechanisms include board size, board independence, block holders, family ownership, government ownership, and managerial ownership. The study spans the monthly interval from March of 2020 to December of 2021. Companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange were randomly sampled using a statistically valid and reliable process of elimination. In total, 48 company-years were used to compile this sample. This study's experimental nature, its foundation in the financial statements of actual businesses, and its practical end-use all place it firmly within the realm of accounting solid evidence research. We examined the connection between corporate governance mechanisms and information asymmetry using a System GMM dynamic panel technique. The study discovered that information asymmetry is significantly associated with corporate governance mechanisms. Furthermore, the significance level at 1% of the lagged factors of information asymmetry indicates that the asymmetry persists over time. Lastly, the corporate governance mechanisms in our study are based on a wide range of aspects of corporate governance and point companies and their shareholders toward governance practices that reduce information asymmetry in firms.
Blockchain-Driven Supply Chain Finance for Public Healthcare in India: Enhancing Financial Resilience in Public Health Systems
Authors: Ali Imad , Vasant Patil Yogesh , Jangid Ankita , Rahaman Md Atikur , Dilip Taru Rupali , Iftikhar Ambreen
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Public healthcare systems in India face persistent inefficiencies, including delays in financial workflows, lack of transparency, and fraud, particularly in rural and underserved areas. Blockchain and machine learning (ML) technologies offer transformative potential to address these challenges by enhancing transparency, efficiency, and accountability in healthcare supply chains.Methods: A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining structured surveys, semi-structured interviews, and secondary data analysis. Quantitative data were analysed using techniques such as descriptive statistics, predictive modelling (Random Forest), clustering (K-means), and anomaly detection (Isolation Forest). Qualitative data from stakeholder interviews were analysed using Natural Language Processing (NLP) to identify recurring themes and sentiment trends.Results: The analysis revealed significant inefficiencies and readiness disparities among stakeholders. Blockchain was identified as a critical tool for improving transparency, with readiness levels being the strongest predictor of adoption success. ML demonstrated robust capabilities in fraud detection, with 5% of transactions flagged as anomalies, and predictive modelling identified key factors influencing readiness. Clustering analysis revealed distinct groups of stakeholders, highlighting the need for tailored interventions to bridge readiness gaps. Sentiment analysis indicated 65% of stakeholders held positive views on blockchain and ML adoption.Conclusion: Blockchain and ML technologies have the potential to transform public healthcare financing by addressing inefficiencies, enhancing transparency, and optimizing resource allocation. However, disparities in stakeholder readiness necessitate targeted capacity-building and phased implementation strategies. These findings provide a roadmap for integrating blockchain and ML into public healthcare systems, fostering financial resilience and improving service delivery in rural and underserved areas.
MONTENEGRO RECAP: THE STANDARD OF FAIR AND EQUITABLE TREATMENT (FET) AS A CATALYST FOR INVESTMENT DISPUTES
Authors: Tomović Nikolina
Published: February 2025

The fair and equitable treatment (FET) standard stands for one of the most significant yet debated principles in safeguarding foreign investments. While its wording is often broad and vague, its definition often emerges through arbitral awards based on the particulars of each case. This paper analyses the FET clauses in Montenegro’s Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) within the context of its EU accession and modern approaches to FET regulation. By examining Montenegrin BITs and reviewing past disputes, the paper explores key aspects of FET application in Montenegro’s Investor State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) practice so far. Given that the FET standard has been a central issue in nearly all disputes against Montenegro, the analysis underscores the need to review and refine FET regulation in Montenegrin BITs, in order to ensure better protection for foreign investments and clarify which state actions violate FET. Furthermore, the paper compares Montenegro’s FET clauses with those in EU practice, offering recommendations for aligning it with more robust frameworks.
ARBITRATION UNDER TURKISH LAW: PRACTICE, ENFORCEMENT & BEYOND
Authors: Varis Özge
Published: February 2025

Arbitration is not a new concept under Turkish law; in fact, arbitration has been regulated in detail and it has been interpreted in various cases before Turkish courts. However, the Turkish arbitration regime has a multidimensional and fragmented structure under the Turkish legal system. Along with a general criticism of arbitration as a dispute settlement system, arbitration in Turkish law has been subject of fundamental criticisms including involvement and position of domestic courts, enforcement of awards, and conditions of arbitration and arbitrators. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to provide a general view of arbitration under the Turkish legal system. In order to provide this perspective, this paper will discuss the pros and cons of arbitration in Turkish law in various aspects, particularly in terms of the structure of arbitration and enforcement of arbitral awards.
Winning at Collective Bargaining
Authors: Sharp William L.
Published: February 2025

Whether you are a novice or a seasoned pro, the information and strategies outlined in this collective bargaining guide will enable you to come to the table and negotiate successfully. Comprehensive in scope, the text begins with an historical overview and discussion of state bargaining laws. Other chapters are devoted to describing the roles of the negotiators, the negotiation process and procedures, and creating win-win situations. Strikes and contract management are also addressed. End of chapter discussion questions along with helpful summaries and lists of resources for future reference contribute to the book's value as a text for graduate students enrolled in a course in Collective Bargaining or Personnel in Educational Administration. Practitioners, especially board members, superintendents, school attorneys, negotiators, and other school administrators will find the chapters containing practical and specific suggestions for successful negotiations to be beneficial.
Christianity, Patriotism, and Nationhood
Authors: Stapleton Julia
Published: February 2025

This book links the concepts of patriotism, Christianity, and nationhood in the journalistic writings of G.K. Chesterton and emphasizes their roots within the English attachments that were central to his political and spiritual persona. It further connects Chesterton to the vibrant debate about English national identity in the early years of the twentieth century, which was instrumental in shaping not only his political convictions, but also his religious convictions. Christianity, Patriotism and Nationhood explores his changing conception of the English people from an early, menacing account of their revolutionary potential in the face of plutocracy to the more complex portraits he drew of their character on recognizing their political passivity after the First World War. As Chesterton was above all a journalist, the study considers some of the varied outlets in which he expressed his ideas as a distinctly Edwardian man of letters of a strongly patriotic persuasion. His connection with The Illustrated London News over more than three decades proved pivotal in strengthening his patriotism and discourse of nationhood vilified elsewhere, not least in advanced Liberal organs such asThe Nation. Julia Stapleton shows that he was increasingly distanced by fellow Liberals before 1918, on account of the priority he gave nationhood over the state, and patriotism over citizenship. But she argues that his English loyalties were the last echo of an aspect of Victorian Liberalism that had been progressively eroded by loss of confidence among elites in the democratic aptitude of the English people. Christianity, Patriotism and Nationhood emphasizes that Chesterton upheld a cultural rather than racial conception of national homogeneity, in keeping with the Victorian sources of his thought and the popular patriotism of Edwardian England. It argues that his anti-semitism was ancillary, rather than integral to his understanding of England, and that it was matched by a similar conception of the antithesis between Islam and the patriotic ideal. Stapleton relates his abiding concern for national 'authenticity' to global imperialism, enhanced international co-ordination of states and civil society after 1918, and the increasing role of the British state in defining the nation. This book will be valuable to intellectual and political historians of early-twentieth-century England, as well as to scholars and students of English national identity in the twenty-first century. The author gratefully acknowledges the permission of A.P. Watt Ltd on behalf of the Royal Literary Fund to quote unpublished material in the Chesterton Papers, British Library.
Senegal Sojourn
Authors: Madigan Kathleen M.
Published: February 2025

Senegal Sojourn: Selections from One Teacher's Journal is a personal account of experiences while working with foreign language teachers and writers of fiction in Africa during an academic year. Affording glimpses into that stay, whether in classrooms, on the streets of the capital, Dakar, at concerts, with writers and intellectuals, or while sightseeing in Senegal and Mali, the journal offers a record of what the year held for a Fulbright Scholar learning from as well as contributing to a vibrant cultural scene. The diary is based on lived experience in a predominantly Muslim country, in an effort to begin to interact with and learn from a part of the world which demands respect and challenges impositions, yet continues to intrigue. While these experiences are set within the framework of a particular year (2003-2004), stories are woven from them which suggest ongoing practices and traditions, changes and tensions, struggles and feats, as well as a hint of what transcends this particular time. The result is an invitation to consider Africa and, in particular, the dynamics of life in Dakar, in and out of the classroom. Reading from this journal before approaching theoretical analysis provides grounding and the opportunity to walk with the author into another space and rhythm. It is a diary that brings Africa out of the textbook and propels the reader, body and soul, into Senegal.
Prospects and Ambiguities of Globalization
Authors: Skillen James W.
Published: February 2025

Assumptions and institutions that we have taken for granted for fifty years are proving inadequate for the world now emerging. Moreover, mono-casual explanations of rapid global change do not work. Religious as well as economic dynamics, cultural as well as political forces, environmental as well as military constraints, are frequently working at cross-purposes in shaping a globe we cannot yet fathom. The essays in this volume reach beyond the mere description of phenomena to explore deeper currents of institutional breakdown and competing cultural drives that are radically reshaping our world. Covering topics ranging from the New Silk Road to changes in school governance around the world, the authors offer a critical, historically-informed assessment of the diverse dynamics that are undermining or nullifying current paradigms of thought and action. Drawing on their diverse backgrounds in economics, international affairs, ethics, history, education, and religion, the authors share the conviction that long-standing assumptions about a state-centered, secular-tending, economically converging world are in large measure mistaken. A paradigm shift is required if we are to understand and constructively shape the twenty-first century world.
Needs Assessment in Premarital Education: A Narrative Review of Iranian Studies from 2007 to 2023
Authors: Ramz Fardos , Ashtarian Hossein , Moradinazar Mehdi
Published: February 2025

Context: Pre-marriage education courses are held in a wide variety of subjects including reproductive health in Iran. The results of educational needs assessments can greatly contribute to the enhancement of the courses. Critically, comparing the results of these studies is essential for identifying patterns, regional trends, and best practices in pre-marriage education. Evidence Acquisition: This narrative review analyses the results of needs assessment studies on pre-marriage education published between 2007 and 2023 by searching the databases of Sid, PubMed, Google Scholar and Irandoc. At first, using keywords "reproductive health, premarital education, Iran and needs assessment", 63 primary articles were extracted. Following the application of predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 studies met the eligibility requirements and were included in this review. Results: The findings revealed that the educational requirements of most participants, regardless of gender, exceeded the average. In most of the studies, the educational needs of women were greater than those of men. The primary educational needs in reproductive health encompass marital and sexual health, prevention of common cancers in women, prevention of unwanted and high-risk pregnancies, congenital diseases, premarital tests, sexually transmitted diseases, and menstrual health. For other issues, key areas of focus were mental health, the qualifications of educators, the use of appropriate educational technology, and ensuring sufficient educational content. Conclusions: The review highlights the key areas for improvement in premarital education programs across Iran. The study emphasizes the importance of tailoring premarital education to address the specific needs of different populations.
La Crisis Ética en el Perú: Desafíos y Estrategias para Reconstruir los Valores y la Moral
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Perú, Gómez-Sánchez Soto Rubén
Published: February 2025

The article "presents a comprehensive analysis of the ethical situation in Peru and proposes actions for its improvement; it develops two conceptual models for ethical decision-making: one that considers the influence of ethics throughout life, and another that proposes a comprehensive approach with key stages such as perception, reasoning, coordination, application and evaluation. It is emphasized that decisions by government leaders can significantly hinder the achievement of the Peru Vision 2050. Lack of ethics in these decisions can result in inequitable allocation of resources, corruption, discrimination, policies that do not prioritize vulnerable groups, weakening of democratic institutions, lack of transparency and loss of trust in government. The study concludes that adopting ethics, values and morals as a State policy is crucial to address current challenges and achieve the Peru Vision 2050, promoting a more just, responsible society oriented towards the common good.The study concludes that adopting ethics, values and morals as a State policy is crucial to address current challenges and achieve the Peru Vision 2050, promoting a more just, responsible and common good-oriented society.
TRANSFORMACIÓN Y ACTIVIDADES DIGITALES: EVALUANDO EL USO DE SERVICIOS PÚBLICOS DIGITALES
Authors:   Universidad del Pacífico, Perú, Linares Torres Freddy
Published: February 2025

The objective of this article is to analyze the progress of the digital transformation of the Peruvian
public sector using available sources that report progress in this process and data that explore the
digital activity of Peruvians, especially in the use of digital public services. This article is an
exploratory study of literature review and qualitative interpretation, employing data from 2015 to
mid-2023 from the Digital Activity Index (InAD) 2023 and the National Household Survey
(ENAHO), with a focus on the frequency and type of digital activities performed at the regional level. The review found that, although significant advances in the digitization of services, there are marked
gaps in the use of and access to public digital channels. The InAD 2023 showed that digital activity
in general has steadily increased, mainly due to the growing incidence of digital activity. At the
regional level, important differences in digital activity were identified that could be complemented
with more data on digital transformation. Regarding the next steps, it is critical to emphasize that
digital transformation in Peru presents opportunities and challenges where digital gaps need to be
more rigorously investigated and addressed. Continuous and detailed evaluation of these advances
through tools such as the InAD is crucial to identify areas for improvement and foster a successful
digital transformation.
Green education, training and employment
Authors:   Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology
Published: February 2025

Contributors to the horizon scan identified challenges and opportunities related to green skills, education and employment in the UK.