bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemic potentials of septic tank sewage systems in Benin-city Edo state, Nigeria.
Authors:   Medical microbiology, college of medicine, Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Nigeria, Igbinovia O , Agwu E ,   Department of Medical Microbiology, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Bushenyi, Uganda, Atuanya EI ,   Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria.
Published: May 2024

Background: Avoidable disease epidemics continue to torment developing countries due to poor personal and environmental hygiene. Objective: To determine the epidemic potentials of septic tank sewage systems in Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Five settled sewage (sludge), and five wastewater samples fortnightly for 3 months were analyzed using standard bacteriological methods. Results: All the bacterial isolates were isolated and identified using standard techniques/procedures. High coliform counts were obtained in wastewater samples than on sludge samples in all locations. E. coli was the most frequent bacterial isolate in both wastewater and sludge samples. Other potential pathogenic bacterial isolates include Proteus species, Klebsiella species, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas species. Conclusion: Poor management of septic tanks and sewage systems in Benin City are a potential source of the epidemic by pathogenic bacteria isolates from the septic tanks when released into the environment. Improving the standard of management of septic tanks in Benin is strongly recommended.   Keywords: septic tanks, sewage system, sludge, Benin City
Revalidation of antibacterial and aphrodisiac activities of Fodogia agrestis in Kano state, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of science laboratory technology, Kano state polytechnic., Alkali B , Ismaila AB ,   Department of biological science, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria,, Muhindo J ,   Department of public health, Mountains of the Moon University, Uganda
Published: May 2024

Background: Fodogia agrestis is a medicinal plant widely for its reported antibacterial and aphrodisiac activities. Revalidation of its known antimicrobial and aphrodisiac activities holds promise for dual usage as an antibacterial and aphrodisiac agent. Objective: To validate the use of Fodogia agrestis as antibacterial and aphrodisiac agents in Kano state, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of the Fadogia agrestis was tested on four standard bacterial isolates at a concentration of 500µg using the agar diffusion method. The aphrodisiac activities of ethanolic extract of the plant were evaluated in male albino rats. The rats were given oral doses of 50mg/kg body weight, 100mg/kg, and 200mg/kg of extract at three-hour intervals respectively. Their mounting behaviors were evaluated. Aphrodisiac activity of the extract was compared with that of Sildinafil (Viagra). Phytochemical analysis and acute toxicity tests were done as well (LD50) Results: The ethanolic extract from Fadogia agrestis contains glycosides and carbohydrates, steroids, saponins, resins, and flavonoids Extracts of the plant resulted in a significant increase in mount frequency up to 9 attempts/15 min in albino rats at a minimum concentration of 50mg/kg. The mount activity doubled with a doubling of extract concentration. Extract of Fadogia agrestis showed similar activity with Sildenafil (Viagra). extract of Fadogia agrestis inhibited only Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion antibacterial and aphrodisiac effects of Fadogia agrestis plant extract in rats are hereby revalidated. Future studies should outline the minimal inhibitory concentration and clinical significance of extract. Conditions. In line with the practice of herbal medicine in many communities all over the world, Keywords: Antibacterial and aphrodisiac property, Fadogia agrestis, Albino rats, Acute toxicity, and Viagra
Health-point survey of bacteria urinary tract infections among suspected diabetic patients attending clinics in Bushenyi district of Uganda
Authors:   Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Box 71, Bushenyi, Uganda., Odoki M , Bazira J ,   Department of Medical Microbiology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda., Moazam ML ,   Department of Public Health, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Box 71, Bushenyi, Uganda., Agwu E ,   Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Box 71, Bushenyi, Uganda.
Published: May 2024

Background: Although Urinary tract infections (UTI) and diabetes are individual public health pandemic, their comorbidities remain a global health dilemma. Regional surveillance holds the key to effective intervention. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and antibacterial resistance pattern of bacteria etiological agents of UTI among diabetic patients in the Bushenyi district of Uganda. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 418 midstream urine from consenting 331 diabetics (230 females and 101 males) and 87 non-diabetic (60 females and 27 males) individuals were collected aseptically and processed using standard microbiological methods. Data generated were tested for statistical significance and scientific relevance. Results: Bacteria UTI was 31.1% prevalent in diabetic and 11.4% in non-diabetics. Diabetic patients yielded: 13.6%, Staphylococcus species, 8.8% E.coli, and 8.6% Klebsiella species. Klebsiella species showed 100% resistance to Erythromycin, 71.4% to Cotrimoxazole, and 92.9% to Ampicillin. Bacteria from diabetic patients remained sensitive to Nitrofurantoin, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftazidime, and Ceftriaxone. Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases were detected in 3.5% of Klebsiella species. Age and sex significantly (p<0.05) influenced diabetic UTI prevalence. Conclusion: Diabetes significantly (p<0.05) influenced the observed (27%) UTI distribution. Resistance to Ampicillin and Cotrimoxazole may affect their use in UTI management. Antibacterial misuse is highly discouraged and Nitrofurantoin remains urinary antiseptic. Keywords: Diabetic patients, Bacteria UTI, Bushenyi, Uganda
Retinal pigment epithelial cell culture
Authors: Zhao Ye
Published: May 2024

Objective: Retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPEs), as the main cellular component of the preretinal membrane, whose excessive proliferation can lead to the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy as interaction with other cellular components and intercellular substance. Here, we developed an effective method to culture RPEs so as to provide effective cell source for later experimental usage. Methods: The harvested of eye cup that retains the retinal pigment epithelium was gently washed three times with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and was added with 0.02 mg/ml dispase enzyme, which was cut into small pieces and then placed in the incubator for digestion for about half an hour. Subsequently, gently blowing was performed multiple times to detach the RPEs from the retina to collect the RPEs suspension. After implantation into the culture dish, when the cells were grown and covered with 80-90% of the bottom of the bottle, digestion of the cells is carried out with 0.25% trypsin. After removing them from the wall, the digested cell suspension was collected, followed by addition of Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium/Nutrient Mixture F-12 (DMEM/F12) to stop digestion. The mixture was subject to centrifuge at 1000 r/min for 8 min, with the supernatant discarded, and then the cells located in bottom were passaged at 1:3 ratios. During the process, the morphology and viability were observed and cell identification were also performed. Results: Primary cultured cells began to adhere to the wall at 4 h, characterized with a flat and polygonal morphology, rich in pigment particles. On 3 days, there was a significant increase in cell numbers accompanied by cluster formation, resulting in a stabilized cobblestone-like appearance. By 5 days, cells elongated and formed dense clusters. Growth curve analysis revealed robust proliferation at 3 and 5 days. Immunofluorescence staining confirmed that over 90% of the cells were positive for RPE-65, indicating successful isolation and culture of pure rat RPEs. Conclusions: The RPEs cultured by the above method are in good growth and it can be used for further experimental studies.
Ōtani Kōzui’s Leadership in the Establishment of Turkish-Japanese Economic Relations during the Early Years of the Republic
Authors: Küçükyalçın Erdal
Published: May 2024

Ōtani Kōzui (1876-1948) was the first Japanese, or perhaps the first foreigner to point towards Turkey (Feb. 1924) as soon as the Republic was declared (Oct. 1923); the first to bring foreign direct investment to the Turkish Republic through his collaboration with the founding father of the Republic of Türkiye, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk at the Ankara Gazi Farm (Feb. 1927); the first to make a foreign industrial investment with his collaboration with Memduh Gökçen in Bursa (Apr. 1929). Ōtani was also one of the co-founders of the Japanese-Turkish Trade Association in Osaka (Nov. 1925), the Japanese-Turkish Association in Tokyo (June 1926), and he was the author of the lines on “Ōtani Kōzui Epitaph” dedicated to Turkish soldiers who lost their lives at the Ertuğrul Firgate Incident in 1890, erected at the Kushimoto Ertuğrul Memorial (Mar. 1929). This paper traces his footprints in the early years of the newly founded Republic of Türkiye.
Keeping a Trust-Network amidst Challenges: Turkish-Japanese Relations
Authors: Esenbel Selçuk
Published: May 2024

The historical relations between Turkey and Japan have roots that go back to more than a century as the longest and most stable relationship that Turkey has had with an Asian country. Since the 19th century, the acceleration of communication between countries and societies due to globalization has brought the interaction between Turkey and Asian countries and societies closer. Japanese-Turkish relations stand out among them for their continued amicable relations which has served both societies in times of crises. Moreover, Japanese relations have grown in recent years to become a significant strategic partnership that encompasses deepening relations in political, military, economic, social, and cultural spheres.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF SELF-CONTROL WITH ONLINE GAME ADDICTION AMONG TEENAGERS IN KENAGARIAN TAEH BUKIK
Authors: Muttaqin alan said  , Magistarina Elrisfa
Published: May 2024

Online game addiction can have a bad impact on teenagers. Online game addiction in teenagers is influenced by self-control, when an individual's self-control is low then online game addiction will be high and vice versa. Individuals who are addicted to online games find it difficult to prevent, set time limits for playing online games, and regulate the intensity of playing online games. Online game addiction can have a bad impact on teenagers. This research aims to determine self-control with online game addiction among teenagers in Kenagarian Taeh Bukik. The method used is quantitative with a correlational quantitative design. The research subjects were 60 teenagers who played online games, with a sampling technique using total sampling. Data collection uses an online game addiction scale and a self-control scale. The results of product moment correlation data analysis were r=-0.315 and p=0.014. This shows that there is a negative and significant relationship between online game addiction and self-control in teenagers in Kenagarian Taeh Bukik which can be interpreted as Ha being accepted.
REGULATORY FOCUS DAN EMPLOYEE WELL BEING PADA DOSEN PERGURUAN TINGGI NEGERI
Authors: Haznah Siti Amira , Rahmi Tuti , Febriani Utari
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of the regulatory focus on employee well-being at state university lecturers. Regulatory focus consists of prevention focus and promotion focus which are considered variables in research because they are multidimensional constructs. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The data collection technique was carried out by cluster sampling. The subjects of this study were lecturers at state universities in Indonesia with a total of 98 respondents. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS 20 for windows. The hypothesis results show that the prevention focus variable partially contributes to employee wellbeing with P (0.000 <0.05). The promotion focus variable partially has no contribution to employee wellbeing with P (0.480 > 0.05). Meanwhile, prevention focus and promotion focus simultaneously contributed to employee wellbeing with P (0.001<0.05). The result of the R square value shows 0.150. This means that the prevention and promotion variables simultaneously contribute to the employee well-being variable by 15.0%. While the remaining 85.0% is influenced by other variables outside the research.
Investigation of The Effect of Geometrical Parameters And Fluid Properties of Heat Sinks on Cooling By RSM Method
Authors: Göksu Taha Tuna
Published: May 2024

This study investigated the effect of the response surface method (RSM) on heat sinks designed in block types and using various fluids. The RSM method was applied to the data obtained from heat sinks designed in block type placed in both vertical and horizontal directions using water, mono, nanofluids, and hybrid nanofluids. The data were collected under five different pressure boundary conditions and applied to 144 data sets. The Box-Behnken method was used to analyze the design parameters and derive equations for seven different parameters: density, viscosity, specific heat, thermal conductivity, block thickness, block distances, and inlet pressure boundary conditions. The equations were used to determine the average CPU temperature, thermal resistance, and Performance Evaluation Criteria (PEC). The findings show that the R2 values for thermal resistance (Rth), average CPU temperature (Tm), and performance evaluation criteria (PEC) for flat arrangements are 99.21%, 99.21%, and 99.37%, respectively. The R2 values for the vertically designed geometries are 97.66%, 97.66%, and 98.45%, indicating a strong correlation between the results obtained from FLUENT and the ANOVA statistical results. The linear, square, and cubic effects of each variable had a significant impact on each solution. The study concluded that the RSM method has a significant effect on heat sinks with higher R2 values in horizontal arrangements and a higher distance between blocks. Another important result showed that increasing the block thickness also has a significant effect on Rth and Tm, homogenizing the temperature distribution while increasing the cooling capacity.
Exploratory Analysis on the Importance of Business Model Innovations (BMIS) and DigitalTransformation in Global Management Consulting Forms (MCFS)
Authors:   Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan, Bukhari Syed Rizwan Haider , Anwar Hira ,   FUUAST
Published: May 2024

Business model innovations (BMIs) are an art of increasing advantages and creativity by mutually supporting the changes in the organization and the customer's value in its underlying operational models. Management consulting firms (MCFs) help their advisory or implementing services to improve the business model strategies and organizational and operational performances in their required capacity. Digital transformation is the perfect bridge between BMIs and MCFs. The current research is an exploratory study that has been conducted to analyze the effect of digital transformation on business model innovation when management consulting firms explore and implement their ideas using advanced business through information technology (IT) to improve and satisfy their customers. The research highlighted that by adopting digital transformation, management consulting firms could find innovative technology to improve operational performance by developing strategies and digital impact transformation. Management consulting firms, through digital technology, redefine the business model innovation that fulfils the global market requirements and technology upgradation. The global market realizes e-commerce and advanced technology to increase their global customers. Hence, the research concluded that information technology innovation has the ability to make the business model comply with customers' activities and strategies accordingly.
INCOME, A MEASURING DEVICE FOR HEALTH EXPENDITURE AND FAMILY HEALTH STATUS
Authors:   Bahria University, Akhtar Manzoor , Ahmed Tabish ,   Bahria University
Published: May 2024

A person's income is a true measuring tool to identify their health status and, ultimately, a nation's economy. It has been estimated that an average salary person's expenses are according to their monthly income. It also helps to measure living standards and expenses other than basic needs. Health is the factor on which every family spends money, irrespective of their willingness. Our study aims to correlate the income of different professionals and their expenses on their health. A good salary person expenses more on health. This study helped to find the correlation between income, health, and status of health among the sample population. The quantitative data were collected from careful sample selection. The designed questionnaire's provide information regarding accurate salary, medical expenses, health expenses and the current status of family health. A person's income directly relates to health expenses and health status. They facilitate their family's expensive medical assistance and nutritionist in case of good salary packages and stand on excellent health status. The reverse is in the case of low-income families and their health status. Income directly relates to medical assistance and facilities a family can acquire. Keywords: Income, Health, Medical assistance, Salary
Catalysts of Growth: Analyzing the Interplay of Interest Rates and Inflation in Shaping Pakistan's Automotive Industry Performance (2010-2022)
Authors:   FUUAST, Jahan Shah
Published: May 2024

Background: The outcome of any business entity is its net profit which is the final outcome of its investing, financing and operating activities. There are several internal and external factors that can influence the business operations. Research Aim: This study investigates with the aim to examine the effect of interest rate and inflation rates on the performance of the automobile sector of Pakistan. Methodology: Data was collected through secondary data analysis covering from 2010 to 2022 through Government reports and industry publications). The data was examined using IBM SPSS 23 and the model of this study was analyzed using the test of Linear Regression and Pearson’s correlation. Results: The findings of this study showed that the day-to-day rising inflation rate has a negative impact on the economic growth of the automobile industry in Pakistan. Conclusion: To conclude, the automobile industry is one of the key contributors to the economy of Pakistan. In shaping the performance of the automobile industry, interest rate and inflation rate plays a crucial role in Pakistan.
Analyzing the Influence of Exchange Rate Dynamics on Foreign Direct Investment in Pakistan: A 13-Year Analysis
Authors:   University of Karachi, Ahmad Sharjeel
Published: May 2024

Background: In the economic development of Pakistan, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) plays a crucial role while the exchange rate has been determined as an important factor influencing the FDI inflows. Research Aim: This research paper explores the multifaceted relationship between changes in exchange rate and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Pakistan aiming to shed the light on complex dynamics at play. Methodology: Through the data analysis from 2010 to 2022 and empirical studies this study identifies a significant relationship between the change in exchange rate and FDI. The test of Linear Regression and Pearson’s Correlation were applied to test the data through SPSS software. Results: The results of the correlation exhibited that there is a positive relationship between change in Exchange rate and FDI, while the R-square in the regression analysis showed about 58.1% impact of the independent variable on the dependent variable. It is apparent from the study that the depreciation and appreciation of the Pakistani currency relative to major international currencies affects the decision of the investors. Conclusion: This paper concludes with a set of recommendations for the Government of Pakistan with the aim of creating a conducive environment for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) by considering stabilizing the exchange rate as a key factor. Further, this research will help provide valuable insight and pathways for the policymakers and investors in forming the decision-making and policy for the development and sustainable growth of the economy of Pakistan.
THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL BANKING ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY IN COMMERCIAL BANKS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Lolemo Sintayehu , Pandya Hemal
Published: May 2024

This literature review paper aimed to examine the influence of digital banking on customer satisfaction and loyalty in commercial banks through a systematic literature review.
The researcher conducted a comprehensive search of electronic databases and applied inclusion and exclusion criteria to select the most suitable articles. The eligibility criteria included studies published between 2006 and 2022, focused on digital banking, service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty, and used qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research conducted in any country worldwide. Data analysis involved examining statistical findings from individual studies using Microsoft Excel, and the study analyzed 146 papers published in the field.
The results showed an increase in the number of papers published each year, with a focus on topics such as customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, and customer unswerving behavior. The majority of authors used descriptive research designs, while empirical studies were used the least. Male authors had the most articles published, while female authors had the least. Pakistan and Nigeria published the highest number of articles.
The findings give insights for commercial banks to enhance their digital banking services to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty.
TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL TOURISM IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ZHAMBYL REGION)
Authors:   International University of Tourism and Hospitality, ATASHEVA D.O.
Published: May 2024

All trips that people make to another place to use health services are described as medical tourism. Today, the demand for medical tourism is high. According to the World Tourism Organization for 2020, in 2019, the number of people participating in tourism activities reached 1.5 billion. 27 percent of these trips are related to family-oriented tourism, religious tourism and medical tourism. Medical tourism, which is estimated at more than $ 500 billion worldwide, is spread all over the world, has the highest growth and development rates and is a tourism sector that is in the center of attention and attractiveness of all countries. From this point of view, it can be seen that the medical tourism market is expanding day by day and is becoming an important sector that attracts the interest of investors and guides the global economy. One of such modern international tourism in various developed countries of the world. The article examines the issues of the state and prospects of development of medical tourism at the world level, including in Kazakhstan, in particular in the Zhambyl region, examines the contribution to the economy of the region, as well as the ways of its development.
SUPER FLEXIBLE MANAGEMENT OF AN ORGANIZATION IN CONDITIONSOF A TURBULENT ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Almaty Management University, КАRGABAYEVA S.Т. , КАRGABAYEVA D.Т. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: May 2024

The authors considered the definition of a turbulent environment, the need and problems of super-flexible management of organizations in the conditions of a turbulent environment. Differences between turbulent medium and elasticity, superelasticity have been considered by various scientists. The essence of super-flexible companies is to quickly change the direction of development in a short period of time, quickly adapt to different situations and make the right decisions in complex situations. This article analyzes the concept of "super-flexible" companies studied by H. Bahrami and S. Evans. Taking into account the development of the changes taking place in the world, the impact of changes on the business of Kazakhstan, according to the authors' conclusion, super-flexible companies in a turbulent environment can respond quicklyand effectively.
FEATURES, RISKS AND PROBLEMS OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   International University of Tourism and Hospitality, АLIMKULOVA E.S.
Published: May 2024

Humanity in the near future will be formed in a different format, which in turn will contribute to the change of social, economic, cultural and other relations. The digital economy is focused on two important principles-information and network technologies. The essence and significance of the digital economy is to accelerate the mechanism of exchanging a large amount of electronic information between participants, simplifying everyday processes. In this sense, this article examines the features of the digital economy and explores the risks and problems of the digital economy. The article takes into account that the further deep penetration of new digital technologies into the life and vital activity of mankind is one of the distinctive features of the whole world in the bright future.
Tác động của đầu tư công nghệ đến hiệu quả tài chính tại các ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam
Authors: Đào Lê Kiều Oanh
Published: May 2024

Nghiên cứu này tập trung vào tác động của đầu tư công nghệ (ĐTCN) đến hiệu quả tài chính (HQTC) của ngân hàng thương mại (NHTM) tại Việt Nam giai đoạn 2012–2022 dựa vào phương pháp hồi quy đa biến. Kết quả dựa trên mô hình phù hợp nhất (GMM) chỉ ra rằng, ĐTCN ảnh hưởng cùng chiều đến tỷ số lợi nhuận ròng trên vốn chủ sở hữu (ROE) bằng cách tối ưu hóa quy trình nội bộ và cải thiện trải nghiệm khách hàng. Bên cạnh đó, tỷ lệ tiền gửi ảnh hưởng ngược chiều đến HQTC do tăng chi phí vốn. Tỷ lệ cho vay trên tài sản và tỷ lệ nợ xấu cũng ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến HQTC, trong khi tỷ lệ cho vay trên tổng tài sản có tác động cùng chiều thì tỷ lệ nợ xấu có tác động ngược chiều. Kết quả cũng xác định tăng trưởng kinh tế thường đi đôi với sự tăng cường hoạt động kinh doanh và HQTC. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã chỉ ra, cần tăng cường đầu tư vào công nghệ để tối ưu hóa quy trình và trải nghiệm khách hàng, cũng như quản lý tỷ lệ tiền gửi và nợ xấu một cách cẩn trọng để giảm chi phí vốn và cải thiện HQTC.
Tác động của chuyển đổi số và chất lượng thể chế đến thu hút đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài vào Việt Nam
Authors: Võ Thị Kim Thư  , Nguyễn Thị Diễm Quỳnh  , Nguyễn Lương Ngân
Published: May 2024

Thu hút đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài (FDI) là kênh tài chính quan trọng để tăng cường các nguồn lực đầu vào và tạo ra xung lực phát triển mới cho nền kinh tế. Mục đích của nghiên cứu là phác hoạ một bức tranh tổng thể về tác động của chuyển đổi số (CĐS) và chất lượng thể chế (CLTC) đến thu hút FDI vào Việt Nam ở các vùng phân vị khác nhau. Kết quả thu được từ phương pháp tự hồi quy phân phối trễ (ARDL) cho thấy CĐS có tác động cùng chiều với FDI, trong khi tác động của CLTC là không rõ ràng. Đồng thời, kết quả từ phương pháp ước lượng phân vị dựa trên phân vị (QoQ) cũng chỉ ra CĐS có tác động mạnh đến FDI ở các vùng phân vị trên 50%, trong khi tác động của CLTC là yếu và trung bình trong toàn vùng phân vị. Từ đó, nghiên cứu đề xuất một số hàm ý chính sách để nâng cao hiệu quả thu hút FDI cho Việt Nam trong thời gian tới.
Kiểm định lại mô hình tăng trưởng Mankiw–Romer–Weil (MRW): Bằng chứng và hàm ý chính sách
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Nga
Published: May 2024

Nghiên cứu này nhằm kiểm định lại mô hình tăng trưởng Mankiw–Romer–Weil (MRW) bằng việc sử dụng hồi quy phi tuyến Bayes với tiên nghiệm có thông tin đặc thù cho hệ số co giãn của vốn. Nghiên cứu cho thấy, cách tiếp cận Bayes ưu việt hơn so với cách tiếp cận tần suất khi linh hoạt kết hợp thông tin tiên nghiệm về các tham số với thông tin từ dữ liệu, nhờ đó, mang lại kết quả tin cậy hơn. Kết quả ước lượng lại mô hình tăng trưởng MRW cho thấy giá trị của hệ số co giãn của vốn thực thể (VTT) tương đồng qua ba nhóm nước nhưng nhỏ hơn so với kết quả của MRW, trong khi giá trị hệ số co giãn của vốn nhân lực (VNL) tương đồng trong hai mẫu nhóm nước không xuất khẩu dầu và nhóm nước trung gian, đồng thời cũng lớn hơn kết quả của MRW. Ngoài ra, hệ số co giãn của VNL cao hơn hệ số của VTT ở cả ba nhóm nước.
Derim Sonrası Oksin, 1-Metilsiklopropen ve 1-N-Naftilfitalamik Asit Uygulamalarının ‘Golden Delicious’ Elma Çeşidinde Depolama Boyunca Meyve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Tekkanat Damla Nur , Koyuncu Mehmet Ali
Published: May 2024

Çalışmada, ‘Golden Delicious’ elma çeşidinde derim sonrası bazı uygulamaların depolama süresince meyve kalitesi üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Optimum derim zamanında derilen elmalar hızlı bir şekilde laboratuvara getirilmiştir. Çeşide özgü şekil, irilik ve boya sahip olan elmalar oksin (20 mg L-1), 1-N-naphthylphthalamic asit (NPA, 1 µg L-1), NPA (1 µg L-1) +1-Metilsiklopropen (1-MCP, 0.625 ppm) ve kontrol uygulamaları yapılmak üzere 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Oksin, NPA ve kontrol uygulamaları için kullanılan çözeltilere yayıcı yapıştırıcı olarak Tween-20 ilave edilmiştir ve meyveler çözeltilere 3 dakika daldırılmıştır. NPA+1-MCP uygulaması için elmalar daldırma işleminden sonra 12 saat süre ile oda koşullarında 0.625 ppm 1-MCP uygulamasına tabii tutulmuştur. Üzerindeki su uzaklaştırılmış elmalar plastik kasalara yerleştirilerek 0 ºC ve % 90±95 oransal nemde 6 ay boyunca depolanmıştır. Depolama boyunca elmalarda ağırlık kaybı, suda çözünebilir kuru madde (SÇKM) miktarı, titre edilebilir asitlik (TEA) miktarı, kabuk rengi, solunum hızı, patojen ve fizyolojik kaynaklı bozulmalar ve duyusal kalite değişimi belirlenmiştir. Raf ömrü çalışmaları için soğukta muhafazadan çıkartılan elmalar 7 gün boyunca 20 ºC ve % 60±5 oransal nemde bekletilerek aynı analizler yinelenmiştir. ‘Golden Delicious’ elma çeşidinde hem soğukta muhafaza hem de raf ömrü sürecinde kalitenin korunması bakımından en iyi sonuç NPA+1-MCP uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. NPA+1-MCP uygulaması yapılan elmalarda depolama boyunca ağırlık kaybı, titre edilebilir asitlik ve solonum hızı diğer uygulamalara göre daha az olmuştur. Optimum dönemde derilerek NPA+1-MCP uygulaması yapılan ‘Golden Delicious’ elma çeşidinin belirtilen koşullarda 6 ay süreyle soğukta depolanabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ancak 7 günlük raf ömrü süreci dikkate alındığında soğukta depolama süresinin 5 ay ile sınırlandırılması önerilmektedir.
The Effect of Different Orchard Ground Conditions on the Performance of A Mechanical Hazelnut Harvesting Machine
Authors: Sauk Hüseyin , Beyhan Mehmet
Published: May 2024

In this study, the values of harvesting efficiency, field productivity, kernel productivity, kernel losses, and foreign material separation efficiency of hazelnut harvesting machine with mechanical harvesting unit were determined under different orchard ground conditions (ground preparation before harvesting (OG1) and without ground preparation (OG2)). Also, it was observed how these conditions affect the operation of the hazelnut harvesting machine. For this purpose, the harvesting efficiency, field productivity, kernel productivity and kernel losses of the hazelnut harvesting machine in OG1 and OG2 plots at 265.50 kg ha-1 orchard yield, 1600 mm working width and 1.60 m s-1 working velocity in two different orchard grounds were 96.05%, 90.15%; 8.624 h ha-1, 9.839 h ha-1; 0.116 ha h-1, 0.102 ha h-1; 778.72 kg h-1, 739.76 kg h-1; 3.95%, 9.85%, respectively. The hazelnut harvesting machine with a mechanical harvesting unit can work independently from the ground conditions and we can say that it is an alternative to other hazelnut harvesting machines. The data obtained from the study will help the decision-making process for the best selection and use by providing the necessary technical information about the functional aspects of the machine. Complete mechanization of hazelnut harvesting will lead to a decrease in labor requirements, thus increasing product profitability through a decrease in production cost. The presence of machines with high-performance characteristics in hazelnut harvesting mechanization will shorten the time the product stays on the ground and increase the quality of the harvested product.
Scandale, blasphème, obscénité et plaisanterie. Entre transgression et acceptabilité de la transgression dans les discours religieux à Venise au XVIIe siècle
Authors: Hamelin Gabrielle M.
Published: May 2024

Cette étude propose une réflexion sur le rapport des individus et des institutions avec la plaisanterie blasphématoire à Venise au XVIIe siècle, c’est-à-dire dire avec les discours à la fois susceptibles de provoquer le rire et à la fois susceptibles de susciter l’indignation. À l’ère de la réforme tridentine, pourquoi et quand une plaisanterie à caractère religieux fait-elle rire ? Pourquoi et quand choque-t-elle ? L’étude des procès procès-verbaux produits par les tribunaux inquisitoriaux en fonction sur le territoire vénitien permet d’explorer la dimension transgressive, mais surtout le degré et les possibilités d’acceptabilité de ce type de discours religieux « scandaleux ».
Doing Ethnography of Policies against Sexual Violence
Authors: Farneti Alice
Published: May 2024

This article discusses some of the problematics that inform the methodology of my ongoing doctoral research on policies against sexual violence in Montreal universities. First, I will argue that feminist activists in Quebec have been able to expose the institutional dimension of sexual violence in university. Then, I will then compare Dorothy Smith’s institutional ethnography approach with Sara Ahmed’s phenomenological approach to institutions to elaborate on the concept of lived experience as a starting point for the investigation of institutional regimes. In conclusion, I will engage with Nancy Naples’ outsider/insider debate to reflect on the multiplicity of divergent and contradicting perspectives in the field.
Comunicação, polêmicas e fake news
Authors: Kaufmann Thomas
Published: May 2024

A invenção da impressão por tipos metálicos móveis por Johannes Gutenberg em meados do século 15 iniciou uma revolução midiática que daría origem a uma nova geração de “nativos da impressão”. Os reformadores, especialmente Martim Lutero, logo reconheceram o enrome potencial que esta nova tecnología tinha e utilizaram-na para propagar a Bíblia, mas também seus próprios escritos, fazendo de Lutero o autor individual mais impresso no século 16. Ele entendeu que isso era da vontade e feita do próprio Deus. Essa ampla divulgação foi um elemento decisivo para a sobrevivência e o sucesso da Reforma. Tal como a revolução digital mais recente produziu uma expansão gigantesca da comunicação, e com ela também de polêmicas e de fake news. No entanto, Lutero também organizou a reimpressão de oponentes – inclusive do Corão – para melhor efeito do argumento contra eles.
igreja em busca de sua cidadania
Authors: Von Sinner Rudolf
Published: May 2024

O luteranismo no Brasil instalou-se a partir da Constituição Imperial do Brasil independente, que admitiu “acatólicos” no país, ainda que com restrições. Estas restrições originaram a primeira luta pela cidadania, focada nos direitos das pessoas imigrantes e sua prática religiosa. Após as guerras mundiais, a segunda luta pela cidadania implicou em assumir-se não mais como “igreja alemã”, mas como igreja brasileira, com todos os direitos e deveres dali decorrentes. Após o Manifesto de Curitiba (1970), em plena ditadura militar, a Igreja Evangélica de Confissão Luterana no Brasil (IECLB) – maior, mas não única presença de luteranismo no Brasil, foco deste artigo – começou a participar cada vez mais da esfera pública, com manifestações e ações especialmente educacionais e diaconais. Sendo ao mesmo tempo confessional e ecumênica, busca viver estas dimensões em meio ao pluralismo religioso e à polarização política. A presente pesquisa está baseada em pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais especialmente do período entre 1985 e 2002, com atualizações posteriores, e em análises teológicas.
Theoretical study of adsorption properties and electrical transport performance of toxic gas molecules on novel orthorhombic BN monolayer semiconductor
Authors: Zhao Jun , Yao Can , Zeng Hui ,   School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China,   School of Microelectronics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Published: May 2024

The adsorption properties of toxic gases on the surface of low-dimensional nanomaterials are a research hot topic and key issue for developing semiconductor sensors to detect toxic gas molecules. Recently, a novel orthorhombic BN monolayer has attracted extensive attention from researchers. Using first principles calculations, we investigate the adsorption properties of typical toxic gas molecules, such as CO, H2S, NH3, NO, NO2, and SO2 molecules, on the surface of two-dimensional (2D) orthorhombic BN monolayer adsorption. The calculated adsorption energy show that the adsorptions of the above six molecules on the surface of BN monolayer are energy-favorable exothermic processes. It is found that NO2 and NH3 molecules are of chemical adsorption, while other systems are of physical adsorption, and NO adsorbing system exhibits a spin-polarized electronic band structure. The calculated density of states reveals that the adsorption of NO molecule and SO2 molecule have significant influences on the electronic structure near the Fermi level. Moreover, the adsorption of the NO2 molecule on the substrate exhibits remarkable variation of the work function, suggesting that the o-BN monolayer possesses excellent selectivity and sensitivity to NO2 molecule. In addition, we use first principles combined with non-equilibrium Green’s function to simulate the electrical transport properties of monolayered o-BN semiconductor based nanodevice with adsorption of typical toxic gas molecules. The I-Vb curve shows that the current through the nanodevice is 6500 nA for the NO2 molecule adsorbing system under 1 V bias voltage. The calculation results reveal that the adsorption of NO2 molecule on the o-BN monolayer can significantly enhance its electrical transport performance, and the o-BN monolayer possesses excellent sensitivity and selectivity to the NO2 gas molecule. The work function and the charge transfer can be effectively manipulated by tensile strain, indicating its potential application in anisotropic electronics. Our results indicate that the o-BN monolayer has excellent adsorption performance to toxic gases, showing its practical application in capturing toxic gas molecules as a gas sensor in future.
Tuning magnetoresistance of chromium chloride tunnel junction through the interface and multi-field effect
Authors: Fan Yi-Jie , Zhang Ruan , Chen Yu , Cai Xing-Han ,   National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China,   Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Published: May 2024

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) serve as essential platforms for investigating spin transport properties, magnetic phase transitions, and anisotropy in magnetic materials. Recently two-dimensional van der Waals antiferromagnetic insulators like chromium chloride (CrCl3) or chromium iodide (CrI3) have been used to develop spin-filtering magnetic tunnel junctions (sf-MTJs), improving the device performance for material property exploration and spintronic applications. However, it is crucial to recognize that the spin-filtering effect is not the sole determining factor of tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) in these junctions; the interface magnetic exchange interactions and adjustable electrode density of states (DOS) fluctuations, response to applied electric or magnetic fields, can also influence the tunneling current.

In this study, we fabricate MTJ devices by using mechanically-exfoliated few-layer CrCl3 as the tunnel barrier and few-layer graphene (FLG) as electrodes through dry transfer technique. Conducting low-temperature quantum transport measurements, we observe unconventional TMR behaviors, including bias-voltage-dependent TMR, oscillatory tunneling current under high magnetic fields, and tunable tunneling current via gate voltage.

A qualitative model of elastic tunneling current is employed to analyze the spin and band characteristics of the MTJ device. The observed bias-voltage-dependent TMR is attributed to the changes in the tunneling mechanism due to magnetic proximity effect, which induces magnetization in the FLG electrode near the FLG/CrCl3 interface. The antiparallel alignment of polarized spin to CrCl3’s magnetization results in injected charge carriers facing a higher tunnel barrier, leading to negative TMR at lower bias voltages. As the bias voltage increases, the magnetic proximity effect lessens, and the device reverts to its conventional spin-filtering functionality. The oscillatory tunneling current is explained by the graphene electrode’s quantum oscillatory density of states behavior under vertical magnetic fields, which can be controlled by the applied gate voltage.

This study contributes to the understanding of previously unexplored TMR phenomena in two-dimensional MTJs, deepening our insights into carrier transport properties in these heterostructures and broadening avenues for investigating the physical properties of two-dimensional magnetic materials and their spintronic applications.
A fear conditioned cue orchestrates a suite of behaviors in rats
Authors: Chu Amanda , Gordon Nicholas T , DuBois Aleah M , Michel Christa B , Hanrahan Katherine E , Williams David C , Anzellotti Stefano , McDannald Michael A
Published: May 2024

Pavlovian fear conditioning has been extensively used to study the behavioral and neural basis of defensive systems. In a typical procedure, a cue is paired with foot shock, and subsequent cue presentation elicits freezing, a behavior theoretically linked to predator detection. Studies have since shown a fear conditioned cue can elicit locomotion, a behavior that – in addition to jumping, and rearing – is theoretically linked to imminent or occurring predation. A criticism of studies observing fear conditioned cue-elicited locomotion is that responding is non-associative. We gave rats Pavlovian fear discrimination over a baseline of reward seeking. TTL-triggered cameras captured 5 behavior frames/s around cue presentation. Experiment 1 examined the emergence of danger-specific behaviors over fear acquisition. Experiment 2 examined the expression of danger-specific behaviors in fear extinction. In total, we scored 112,000 frames for nine discrete behavior categories. Temporal ethograms show that during acquisition, a fear conditioned cue suppresses reward seeking and elicits freezing, but also elicits locomotion, jumping, and rearing – all of which are maximal when foot shock is imminent. During extinction, a fear conditioned cue most prominently suppresses reward seeking, and elicits locomotion that is timed to shock delivery. The independent expression of these behaviors in both experiments reveals a fear conditioned cue to orchestrate a temporally organized suite of behaviors.
Multi-tiered actions of Legionella effectors to modulate host Rab10 dynamics
Authors: Kubori Tomoko , Arasaki Kohei , Oide Hiromu , Kitao Tomoe , Nagai Hiroki
Published: May 2024

Rab GTPases are representative targets of manipulation by intracellular bacterial pathogens for hijacking membrane trafficking. Legionella pneumophila recruits many Rab GTPases to its vacuole and exploits their activities. Here, we found that infection-associated regulation of Rab10 dynamics involves ubiquitin signaling cascades mediated by the SidE and SidC families of Legionella ubiquitin ligases. Phosphoribosyl-ubiquitination of Rab10 catalyzed by the SidE ligases is crucial for its recruitment to the bacterial vacuole. SdcB, the previously uncharacterized SidC-family effector, resides on the vacuole and contributes to retention of Rab10 at the late stages of infection. We further identified MavC as a negative regulator of SdcB. By the transglutaminase activity, MavC crosslinks ubiquitin to SdcB and suppresses its function, resulting in elimination of Rab10 from the vacuole. These results demonstrate that the orchestrated actions of many L. pneumophila effectors fine-tune the dynamics of Rab10 during infection.
Short-term wind speed prediction of wind farm based on TSO-VMD-BiLSTM
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhang Lei
Published: May 2024

Aiming at the random and intermittent characteristics of wind speed, a short-term wind speed prediction (SWSP) method based on TSO-VMD-BiLSTM is proposed in this article. Firstly, open-source historical data from a certain region in 2022, including wind speed, direction, pressure, and temperature is analyzed. The data is processed through variational mode decomposition (VMD) to fully extract feature data from historical wind speed records. Secondly, taking historical wind speed, direction, pressure, and temperature as inputs and wind speed as output, a SWSP model based on long short-term memory (LSTM) network is constructed. Thirdly, the tuna swarm optimization (TSO) algorithm is utilized for parameters optimization, and a bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network is incorporated to enhance prediction accuracy for micrometeorological parameters. The proposed TSO-VMD-BiLSTM model is validated through comparison with other models, demonstrating its higher accuracy with the maximum absolute error of only 2.52 m/s, the maximum root mean square error of 0.81, the maximum mean absolute error of only 0.54, and the maximum mean absolute percentage error of 6.89%.
Isolated sign language recognition through integrating pose data and motion history images
Authors: Akdağ Ali , Baykan Ömer Kaan
Published: May 2024

This article presents an innovative approach for the task of isolated sign language recognition (SLR); this approach centers on the integration of pose data with motion history images (MHIs) derived from these data. Our research combines spatial information obtained from body, hand, and face poses with the comprehensive details provided by three-channel MHI data concerning the temporal dynamics of the sign. Particularly, our developed finger pose-based MHI (FP-MHI) feature significantly enhances the recognition success, capturing the nuances of finger movements and gestures, unlike existing approaches in SLR. This feature improves the accuracy and reliability of SLR systems by more accurately capturing the fine details and richness of sign language. Additionally, we enhance the overall model accuracy by predicting missing pose data through linear interpolation. Our study, based on the randomized leaky rectified linear unit (RReLU) enhanced ResNet-18 model, successfully handles the interaction between manual and non-manual features through the fusion of extracted features and classification with a support vector machine (SVM). This innovative integration demonstrates competitive and superior results compared to current methodologies in the field of SLR across various datasets, including BosphorusSign22k-general, BosphorusSign22k, LSA64, and GSL, in our experiments.