bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology of development of future choir conductors’ professional competences: system-integrative approach
Authors: Shumska Liudmyla
Published: August 2021

The article highlights the technology aimed at developing future choir conductors’ professional competences from the standpoint of the system-integrative approach in accordance with the requirements of new standards of higher education for bachelor students majoring in 025 "Musical Arts" in higher educational establishments. It determines the essence of the concepts "system" and "integration" in the context of higher school musical pedagogy as well as characterises the essence of implementation of the system-integrative approach in the process of conductorial-choral training by introducing into the educational process a specific pedagogical model which contains the components as follows: interdisciplinary-cognitive integration, methodical-operational integration, profession- and competence-based integration. It is established that the interdisciplinary-cognitive integration is a synthesis of knowledge units comprehended within special disciplines during the conductorial-choral training which form a new structural and substantive level of each separate discipline in the process of synthesis. It is noted that the methodological-operational integration acts at the intersection of a number of specific field methods dealing with the conductorial-choral disciplines and, as a result of polymodal accumulation of techniques, appears in the form of established professional methodological competences to be generalised, analysed and evaluated; they are based on their methodological knowledge and understanding of their further usage in the process of professional creativity. It is determined that the professional-competence integration is a strategic goal and the final result of the process of conductorial-choral training of the future bachelors: separate professional competences of the future choral conductors are integrated subsystems that jointly form a higher order system − the professional image of a choir conductor. The article systematises and organises professional competences of a future choir conductor, which are formed as a result of the proposed technology of their development on the basis of the system-integrative approach, and are considered as unconditional priorities of choral conductor's professionalism in the course of the polymorphic choir managerial and conductorial-pedagogical activities.
Peculiarities of the mental and motility state of the children suffering from mental retardation and postural disorders
Authors: Biesieda Volodymyr
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, there are numerous scientific reviews and studies devoted to the problem of psychomotor retardation of children of different ages. Though, a comprehensive solution of how to identify psychophysical characteristics demonstrated by this category of small children suffering from postural disorders has not made yet. The goal of our research was to identify features of the mental and motility state of small children suffering from psychomotor retardation and postural disorders. Summarising the research performed, these conclusions have been made: The children demonstrating psychomotor retardation have different types of mental and somatic dysontogenesis, which negatively affects their academic performance and social adaptation; in the process of pedagogical observations, the small children suffering from psychomotor retardation and postural disorders demonstrate certain mental features in comparison with their healthy as follows: reduced motor-game activity, reduced participation as a leader in collective active games; lack of speech communication with peers, emotional instability, the children constituting this category fail to respond to changes in plot collisions of a game in time, in contradistinction to their healthy peers; their responses happen to be inadequate; they do not understand the rules of a game, or details of the game plot; do not always respond correctly to the results of the game commented by their teacher in each particular case; this category of children demonstrates specific peculiarities of their motor development: a reduced total volume of their daily locomotion compared to their healthy peers; these children prefer horizontal basic motor modes (lying, crawling, sitting), avoiding vertical gravitational starting positions; in case these children take vertical positions, they reflexively try to find additional support for the upper extremities or corpora; a reduced amount of purposeful motor-game actions with increased spontaneous motor activities; the movements of the children suffering from psychomotor retardation and postural disorders are often insufficiently coordinated by them; the problems causing fusion of movements should also be noted; insufficient rationality of motor actions performed by these children according to all the parameters (space-, time- and energy-related) is revealed. The prospects of further research in this area are seen in the study of physical, psycho-somatic and mental relationships alongside their impact on the overall development of small children suffering from mental retardation and postural disorders.
Peculiarities of marine engineers’ image formation according to the results of component-structural analysis of vocational training in marine institutions of higher higher
Authors: Gerganov Leonid , Dimoglova Olha
Published: August 2021

The structural components of the future marine engineers’ professional image have been identified in the article: motivation-targeted, content-oriented, reflective and communicative. Thus, under the motivation-target component, the authors describe professional motivation, satisfaction from material needs and a motive for personal image. In accordance with the requirements of the STCW Convention, at the operation level, the content-oriented component is indicated by sufficient future marine engineers’ competence in information technologies alongside their skills to use them. It has been determined that according to the communicative component, a bachelor-marine engineer with a high level of readiness for intercultural communication is more competitive in the labour market and has significant advantages as follows: can recognise and overcome barriers to intercultural communication; can anticipate and quickly resolve various conflict situations; can creatively use his / her knowledge in profession-related activities as well as ethical norms and rules of conduct with representatives of other cultures. It has been proved that in terms of forming the reflective component of the marine engineers` professional image, it is expedient to cover these components: sufficient theoretical baggage, which is formed by the future marine engineer within training and self-education; bringing practical skills of performing basic actions on ship equipment control to automatism; the ability to analyse actions, make decisions in dangerous and emergency situations, the ability to self-analyse their actions; the ability to draw conclusions based on the results of analysis and work experience, etc. The authors of the article pay attention to the urgency of the problem and the need to provide the educational process with scientific and methodological recommendations aimed at the formation of the professional image of marine engineers, which provides an integrated approach to solve the problem under focus, to involve academic staff and highly qualified specialists of seagoing vessels.
University students’ motivation development via digital technologies
Authors: Gerkerova Alexandra , Lukyanchenko Iryna , Yeremenko Tetiana
Published: August 2021

In today’s conditions of globalization, social transformations, and digitalisation of modern society the research becomes topical. Any modern social and professional sphere requires fluency in English. Effective oral and written communication requires intensification of university students’ educational activity via internal motivation development. Digital technologies, which are an integral part of modern youth’s life, were chosen as a means of internal motivation formation. The purpose of the study was to determine the role of digital technologies as a means of internal motives formation in training future English language and literature teachers. The data were collected with the help of the following methods: pilot training,, content analysis of digital tools for teaching English, surveys (questionnaires and research interviews) and scientific (pedagogical) observation. The study theoretically substantiates and experimentally confirms the effectiveness of the proposed digital technologies, the use of which promotes the development of internal motives at university students in the process of learning English. Tasks that involved the active use of messengers and selected digital tools were developed. Such messengers as WhatsApp, Viber, Telegram, Facebook and digital tools for learning English as Duolingo, Quizlet, Learnenglish Podcast, Speak – practice your English, Lingualeo were selected. As a result of the research it is proved that the use of digital technologies in both extracurricular and extracurricular work has a positive effect on the formation of university students’ internal motives that helps to improve their academic achievements in learning English at special faculty.
Encuentros posibles con el autismo
Authors: Gaviria-Vélez Luz Elena
Published: August 2021

Uno de los elementos que interrogan la práctica analítica es la oposición entre sentido y goce; esto renueva la pregunta de: ¿cómo hacer posible el encuentro con el autista que está desconectado del Otro y del propio cuerpo? Pregunta que conviene inscribir en la orientación lacaniana y, particularmente, en la práctica con niños autistas. La posición del analista que le concierne es disponerse a leer el síntoma en cada autista para introducirse en la lectura de su subjetividad, en el padecimiento que lo habita, y leer la  manifestación de su defensa para no entrar en el juego discursivo. Hago uso de una viñeta de mi práctica clínica con la que me propongo examinar ¿que sería una intervención contando con la singularidad del cuerpo del autista?
НОВЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ГОРОДИЩА ДЖУКЕТАУ
Authors: Бахматова Вера Николаевна , Набиуллин Наиль Гатиатуллович
Published: July 2021

Охранно-спасательные археологические исследования велись Институтом археологии им. А.Х. Халикова Академии наук Республики Татарстан на территории Чистопольского района РТ, на городище Джукетау, частично занятым Чистопольским элеватором. Памятник является частью комплекса археологических остатков средневекового булгаро-татарского города Джукетау («Жукотин» древнерусских летописей) X–XIV вв. В стратиграфии культурных напластований раскопа выделяется два слоя – I (современный, XIX–XXI вв.) и III (домонгольский, X – первая треть XIII вв.) по общей стратиграфической шкале памятника; слой II золотоордынский (вторая треть XIII–XIV вв.) на исследованном участке не прослежен. Среди выявленных объектов интерес представляют сооружения типа хозяйственных, линия столбовых ям вдоль обрыва к камскому берегу. Вещевой материал представлен глиняной посудой, в основном гончарной «общеболгарской», «джукетау», «прикамско-приуральской», небольшим количеством бытовых предметов.

Библиографические ссылки

Артемьев А.[И]. Древний болгарский город Жукотин // Журнал Министерства внутренних дел. 1851. Ч. XXXII, № 1. С. 56–74.

Бахматова В.Н., Набиуллин Н.Г. Источниковые возможности неполивной глиняной «традиционной» посуды (на примере керамического комплекса Джукетау X–XIV вв.) // Филология и культура. Philology and culture. №3 (33), 2013. С. 232–235.

Бахматова В.Н., Набиуллин Н.Г. Технологическое изучение «прикамско-приуральской» керамики из домонгольских комплексов Джукетау // Поволжская археология. 2018. № 1 (23). С. 253–274.

Васильева И.Н. Гончарство Волжской Болгарии в X–XIV вв. Екатеринбург: Наука. Урал. изд. Фирма, 1993. 246 с.

Казаков Е.П. Волжские болгары, угры и финны в IX–XIV вв.: проблемы взаимодействия. Казань: Институт истории АН РТ. 2007. 208 с.

Кокорина Н.А. Керамика Волжской Булгарии второй половины XI – начала XV веков (к проблеме преемственности булгарской и булгаро-татарской культур). Казань: ИИ АН РТ, ИА РАН, 2002. 383 с.

Набиуллин Н.Г. Оборонительные сооружения Джукетау // Военная археология. Оружие и военное дело в исторической и социальной перспективе. Материалы международной конференции / Отв. ред. В.М. Массон. СПб.: Государственный Эрмитаж, 1998. С. 219–223.

Набиуллин Н.Г. Могильники Джукетау (Часть I. Крутогорский могильник) // Краеведческие чтения и среды. Выпуск 3: Материалы заседаний, прошедших в Национальном музее Республики Татарстан в 2002-2003 гг. Казань: РИЦ «Школа», 2003. С. 44–61.

Хлебникова Т.А. К истории Жукотина (Джукетау) домонгольской поры (по работам 1970-1972 гг.) // СА. 1975. № 1. С. 234–251.

Хлебникова Т.А. Керамика памятников Волжской Болгарии. К вопросу об этнокультурном составе населения. М.: Наука, 1984. 241 с.

Хлебникова Т.А. Неполивная керамика Болгара // Город Болгар: Очерки ремесленной деятельности / Отв. ред. Г.А. Федоров-Давыдов. М.: Наука. 1988. С. 7–102.

Хузин Ф.Ш., Набиуллин Н.Г. Булгарский город Джукетау на Каме (по материалам раскопа III 1991, 1993 г.) // Археологическое изучение булгарских городов / Ред. Ф.Ш. Хузин и др. Казань: Мастер Лайн, 1999. С. 90–113.
СТАРОРОМАШКИНСКИЙ АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ КОМПЛЕКС: НЕКОТОРЫЕ ИТОГИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ
Authors: Нигамаев Альберт Зуфарович
Published: July 2021

Ромашкинский (Староромашкинский) археологический комплекс представляет собой остатки достаточно крупного болгарского города домонгольской эпохи. Статья посвящена результатам исследований Елабужской археологической экспедиций на памятнике начиная с 2013 года. На основе изучения выявленных объектов и материала из раскопок определено время функционирования поселения второй половиной X – первой третью XIII вв. Богатый комплекс находок показывает сложный этнокультурный состав его жителей. Интересные выводы сделаны по группам керамики населенияприкамско-приуральских истоков.

Библиографические ссылки

Археологические памятники Центрального Закамья / Отв. ред. А.Х. Халиков. Казань: ИЯЛИ КФАН СССР, 1988. 98 с.

Булич А.К. Булгарские городища в Чистопольском кантоне ТАССР // ВНОТ. 1926. № 4. C. 76−80.

Медведев А.Ф. Ручное метательное оружие. Лук и стрелы. Самострел VIII – XIV вв. / САИ. Вып. Е1-36. М.: Наука. 1966. 184 с.

Набиуллин Н.Г. Отчет об охранно-спасательных археологических исследованиях городища «Калюш» (Старо-Ромашкинское) на территории Чистопольского муниципального района Республики Татарстан в 2008 г. Казань, 2010. 18 с. 27 илл.

Нигамаев А.З. Болгарские города Предкамья: Алабуга, Кирмень, Чаллы: Своеобразие материальной культуры населения. Казань: Изд-во Казанск. ун-та, 2005. 228 с.

Нигамаев А.З. Археологические работы на Староромашкинском городище в 2013 году // В мире научных открытий. 2015. №11(71). С. 33−39.

Руденко К.А. Отчет о разведках в Чистопольском р-не Татарской АССР в 1989 г. Казань, 1990 / Архив ИА РАН, № 12730. Л.11.

Руденко К.А. Железные наконечники стрел VIII–XV вв. из Волжской Булгарии. Казань: Заман, 2003. 512 с.

Фахрутдинов Р.Г. Археологические памятники Волжско-Камской Булгарии и ее территория. Казань: Татар. кн. изд-во, 1975. 220 с. С.142; № 1137.

Хлебникова Т.А. Гончарное производство Волжских Болгар X – начала XIII вв. // Труды Куйбышевской археологической экспедиции. Т. 4 / МИА. № 111 / Отв. ред. А.П. Смирнов. М.: Изд-во Академии наук СССР, 1962. С. 93–152.

Хлебникова Т.А. Керамика памятников Волжской Болгарии. К вопросу об этнокультурном составе населения. М.: Наука, 1984. 241 с.

Хлебникова Т.А. Неполивная керамика Болгара // Город Болгар: Очерки ремесленной деятельности / Отв. ред. Г.А. Федоров-Давыдов. М.: Наука. 1988. С. 7–102.
СЛОВО ОБ УЧИТЕЛЕ (К ЮБИЛЕЮ ФАЯЗА ШАРИПОВИЧА ХУЗИНА)
Authors: Валиев Ренат Рафаилович , Гариф Нурулла Гиматдинович , Набиуллин Наиль Гатиатуллович , Нигамаев Альберт Зуфарович , Ситдиков Айрат Габитович , Шакиров Зуфар Гумарович
Published: July 2021

1 августа 2021 г. исполняется 70 лет Фаязу Шариповичу Хузину, видному российскому ученому, доктору исторических наук, члену-корреспонденту Академии наук Республики Татарстан, главному научному сотруднику Института археологии им. А.Х. Халикова, лауреату Государственной премии РТ в области науки и техники, Заслуженному деятелю науки РТ. С именем Ф.Ш. Хузина связаны выдающиеся достижения в изучении средневековой булгаро-татарской археологии и истории конца ХХ – начала XXI вв. Наиболее значимый вклад ученый внес в изучение Биляра, средневековой Казани, Алабуги, Кирмени, Джукетау, Сувара, Чаллы и других булгаро-татарских памятников. Ф.Ш. Хузиным принципиально обновлена источниковая база для изучения средневековья Волго-Уральского региона, разработаны новые научные методы датировки исторических городов России.
Abandoning Eugenics and the QALY
Authors: Langley Paul C
Published: July 2021

Should decision making in health care, notably in respect of the allocation of resources between individuals and disease states, rest on notions of the burden of disease and denial of care as assessed by societal evaluations or on the extent to which the need of patients and caregivers is fulfilled. The prospect of the denial of health care, for those deemed ‘unworthy’ has a long history in the eugenics movement. Many have assumed that this ‘utilitarian aberration’ has long been discredited. Unfortunately, once the question of the allocation of limited health care resources is considered it reasserts itself; manifested in the creation of health state preferences and states worse than death, and application of the cost-per-QALY calculus driving claims for pricing and access. In the US, this focus on cost-per-QALY claims is most closely associated with the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) with its regular clinical assessments and modelled imaginary simulations supporting recommendations which, in many if not most cases, give support to the denial of care. The purpose of this commentary is to point to the unfortunate similarities between ‘eugenic’ decision making and the application of thresholds in burden of illness cost-per-QALY exercises. If we are to finally rid ourselves of a ‘eugenic’ approach to health care resource allocation, then we must abandon preferences and the QALY calculus.
Effect of tobacco on oral cavity stem cells. A brief review
Authors:   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello, Concepción, Chile, Cifuentes-Suazo G , Stange-Dempster F , Cartes-Velásquez R ,   Fundación Kimntrum, Concepción, Chile
Published: August 2021

In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become the cornerstone of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. MSCs can be easily obtained from adult tissues, it is in this area that obtaining and using oral MSCs have become a good source of experimentation. It is not unknown that MSCs have great regenerative power, high proliferative and differentiation capacity and high osteogenic potential. However, they can be affected by multiple external factors. The objective of this article is to describe the effect of tobacco on oral MSCs. Cigarettes and its components are a risk factor for various diseases at the level of the oral cavity, they have many adverse effects on the cellular biology of the mouth, therefore, it is not strange to think about the effect that these components can have on MSCs. of oral origin. The latest studies have shown that nicotine and condensed cigarette smoke have negative biological effects on MSCs, particularly oral ones. Despite the existing literature, it is not entirely clear what are the mechanisms involved in the negative effects of tobacco on oral MSCs and how they could be reversed.
Processos participativos para construção do conhecimento em agrofloresta: a experiência da Embrapa Meio Ambiente no diálogo de saberes
Authors: Magalhães Taína , Filho Luiz Octavio Ramos , Moriconi Weldemore , Malagodi Braga Katia Sampaio , De Queiroga Joel Leandro , Neves Marcos Corrêa
Published: August 2021

Com os objetivos de aprofundar a construção de conhecimento em Agroflorestas e desenvolver sistemas para a realidade dos assentamentos de reforma agrária, foi implantado em janeiro de 2018 uma Unidade de Observação Participativa (UOP)  na Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna, SP, inspirada principalmente nos trabalhos desenvolvidos desde 2005 com agricultoras/es do assentamento Sepé Tiaraju. A UOP, de 0,12 ha composta por 6 linhas e 5 entrelinhas, foi pensada para promover, além do acompanhamento técnico, a partilha das percepções de agriculturas/es, pesquisadoras/es, técnicas/os e estudantes quanto ao desenvolvimento do sistema e ao aprimoramento de soluções, tendo em vista as condições sociotécnicas dos agricultores familiares assentados. O presente artigo visa apresentar e discutir as estratégias pedagógicas da implantação dessa UOP e de sua manutenção, em especial os eventos denominados “Dia de Campo”. Dentre esses, destaca-se a implantação do café em dezembro de 2019, no qual os agricultores foram os experimentadores protagonistas. A pandemia trouxe um grande desafio para a continuidade desses processos de construção do conhecimento, que tem como base encontros presenciais e observações no campo. Contudo, está permitindo explorar novas modalidades de interação virtual, cujos aprendizados vão além das técnicas de manejo
Agroecología como puente entre el campo y la ciudad: la construcción de alternativas de comercialización campesina directa en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires
Authors: Pinto Lucas Henrique
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo pretende relacionar los desafíos políticos y económicos para la construcción de sistemas agroalimentarios agroecológicos alternativos en circuitos cortos desde la Agricultura Familiar Campesina e Indígena (AFCI) a partir de una experiencia local. Las respuestas productivas a las crisis alimentarias y sanitarias generadas por el sistema agroalimentario corporativo vienen siendo cada vez más visibilizadas desde la implementación de la agroecología por organizaciones campesinas de base.

Como estudio de caso presentaremos la experiencia de un proceso concreto de construcción de canales cortos de comercialización agroecológica interinstitucional en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: la Feria Agroecológica De La tierra a tu Mesa. Programa municipal que desde el año de 2019 comercializa de forma directa en 7 parques públicos de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, 20 toneladas mensuales de verduras y frutas, en la modalidad de bolsones agroecológicos, producidos en el cinturón frutihortícola de La Plata, Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (RMBA).

La experiencia que articula productores campesinos, consumidores urbanos y funcionarios públicos municipales, viene generando tanto alternativa de comercialización directa a los productores agroecológicos como fuente de alimentos sanos y económicos en la ciudad.
Avaliação do domínio de conhecimentos sobre demonstrativos contábeis por trabalhadores bancários em instituição financeira pública brasileira
Authors: Canal Luan dos Santos , Eckert Alex
Published: August 2021

Toda a concessão de crédito no setor bancário deve ser criteriosa, identificando a real capacidade de pagamento dos clientes. No Banco do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul – Banrisul, os funcionários ingressam na instituição por meio de concurso público, sem a previsão no respectivo edital, de pré-requisitos de conhecimento na área contábil. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se os funcionários possuem e/ou desenvolvem os conhecimentos técnicos necessários para operar na concessão de crédito para os clientes pessoa jurídica. Para atingir o objetivo, foi realizada uma survey através de um questionário por meio da plataforma Google, enviado ao e-mail de trabalho de alguns funcionários da instituição. Concluiu-se que os funcionários ingressam no banco sem o domínio dos conceitos necessários. Percebeu-se ainda que a maior parte da criação de conhecimento ocorre a partir da troca de experiências e percepções entre os colegas de trabalho.
Zawartość metali ciężkich jako czynnik determinujący bezpieczeństwo spożywania syropu brzozowego i kategorię jego rejestracji
Authors: Bilek Maciej , Mielnik Aleksandra , Mielnik Stanisław , Bakier Sławomir
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Birch syrup is a unique foodstuff produced only in the several areas of the world through the evaporation of water from birch sap. It is a sweetener addition to various dishes and, at the same time, a rich, comprehensive source of minerals. The Polish forest environment provides sufficient raw material base for the production of birch syrup, but previous studies of native birch sap have highlighted the significant content of heavy metals. Aim. Verify the cadmium and lead content in birch syrup produced from the sap of birches growing on agricultural land in a region considered ecologically clean. Material and methods. Birch sap collection was carried out on 7-16 March 2019. The daily volume of sap from 20 trees was evaporated to a syrup consistency (68.5 ± 1.15°Brix) to obtain a foodstuff that complies with the recommendations. Cadmium and lead content was examined in an accredited laboratory using atomic absorption spectrometry. Results. An increase in heavy metal content has been observed over time. The cadmium content ranged from 0.16 to 0.36 mg/kg, and for lead, respectively 0.046 to 0.14 mg/kg. These concentrations should be considered high and disqualifying birch syrup in the light of health safety standards specified for the vast majority of foodstuffs. In addition, the very high percentage of implementation of the TWI for cadmium, already when consuming small amounts of birch syrup, indicates that its home production and consumption may be associated with serious health risks. Conclusions. Dietary supplements are the only category of foodstuffs for which the measured levels of cadmium and lead did not exceed the permitted safety standards. Registration of birch syrup as a dietary supplement is fully justified by the statutory definition of this group of foodstuffs, a form that allows dosage in limited quantities, as well as the chemical composition, characterized by a high content of minerals.
Mikrofiltrowany koncentrat soku brzozowego jako innowacyjny, trwały środek spożywczy o wysokiej wartości odżywczej
Authors: Bilek Maciej , Pilch Klaudia , Wawer Jarosław , Sosnowski Stanisław
Published: August 2021

Introduction. The forest environment becomes an increasingly popular place of obtaining raw materials, and one of the most promising product is birch sap. The market for bottled birch sap in Poland is monotonous, relying exclusively on pasteurized, acidified and sweetened drinks. A chance to change this situation is to develop a birch sap concentrate obtained by reverse osmosis. It has a sweet taste desired by consumers and particularly high content of minerals, unfortunately it has short shelf life. Aim. The purpose of this work was to develop an effective method of extending the shelf life of birch sap concentrate without the need for pasteurization and chemical interference in the composition. In this way, the new product will be formulated with the potential to compete effectively with synthetic dietary supplements. Material and methods. Birch sap was obtained using drilling technique and continuous collection from the trunks of birch trees (Betula pendula Roth.). The sap was concentrated using reverse osmosis apparatus of our construction, obtaining a sugar concentration, expressed by Brix refractometric extract, equal 2.6° and a dry weight of 2.557%. Microfiltration of birch sap concentrate was carried out under sterile conditions using 0.22, 0.45 and 0.8 μm filters. In the monthly storage test, the measurements were carried out every three days, the optical density parameter was determined. Results. The microfiltration of birch sap concentrate was effective only when 0.22 and 0.45 μm filters were used, no turbidity was observed in the monthly storage test. The samples filtered with a filters with pore diameter of 0.8 μm, became cloudy at analogues time of the test as the samples of non-microfiltered birch sap concentrate, but the turbidity was lowered. Conclusions. The microfiltered birch sap concentrate is characterized by extended shelf life without the addition of chemical substances and without the use of pasteurization process, as well as improved taste compared to the initial raw material without the addition of sweeteners. Thanks to the combination of reverse osmosis and microfiltration, the natural character of the sap is largely preserved. The obtained product has a chance to appear on the food market as an innovative foodstuff. Moreover, due to the high concentration of ions (e.g. zinc and manganese) the concentrate could become an interesting alternative to artificial supplements.
Ocena wpływu resweratrolu oraz kwasu α-liponowego na cytotoksyczność jonów fluorkowych w stosunku do ludzkich fibroblastów płucnych IMR-90
Authors: Dominikowska Angelika , Kubina Robert , Kleczka Anna , Wyszyńska Magdalena , Kabała-Dzik Agata
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Fluorine belongs to xenobiotics that cause disorders in the oxidative-reducting system. Recent studies with fluoride concern the use of natural products containing vitamins or antioxidant to prevent the oxidative stress generated by exposure to fluoride. Aim. The aim of the research was to evaluate the impact of resveratrol and α-lipoic acid on the cytotoxicity of fluoride relative to human lung fibroblasts IMR-90. Material and methods. In order to determine cytotoxicity of fluorine on human lung fibroblasts IMR-90, the cells were cultured with different NaF concentrations: 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 μg/ml. Cytotoxicity of the examined cells was also determined in cultures incubated with the resveratrol (RV) and α-lipoic acid (LA) in various combination of concentration: RV 3 μM and LA 25 μg/ml; RV 10 μM and LA 25 μg/ml. MTT test was used to evaluate the viability of the cells. The cytotoxicity assessment was carried out in three time intervals: after 24, 48 and 72 h. Results. It has been observed that NaF is cytotoxic in relation to the examined cell line, depending on its concentration and exposure time of cells. No significant changes have been observed in relation to the viability of the examined cells in cultures with combinations of different concentrations of the examined antioxidants. Preincubation of fibroblasts with RV and LA positively affected viability of cells cultured with NaF. The beneficial effect of the tested compounds was dependent on its concentrations, level of NaF and exposure time. Conclusions. The results indicate that a diet containing α-lipoic acid and resveratrol can play a protective role in exposed to fluoride.
Działanie olejku ylangowego (Cananga oil) wobec grzybów drożdżopodobnych
Authors: Kędzia Anna , Hołderna-Kędzia Elżbieta
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Several herbs produce substances with medicinal properties. They show antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antimicrobial activity. Cananga odorata Hook (Annonaceae family) is found in the Philippines, Madagascar island, Sumatra, in Jemen and Australia. It is fast growing, evergreen tree, that reaches up to 20 m. Essential oil produced of flowers is used in medicine. The chemical composition of the Cananga oil is as follows: geraniol, linalool, methyl salicylate, α-terpineol, eugenol, α- and β-caryophyllene, farnesen, δ-cadinene, γ-kadinene, geranyl acetate, methyl p-cresyl ether, p-cresol, neridol, α-pinene, carbohydrates, saponins, tanins, flavonoids, amino acids and coumarins. It possess different therapeutic properties. Aim. The aim of the study was evaluation of antifungal activity of Cananga oil. Material and methods. The strains of fungi were isolated from oral cavity. They were from the following genera: Candida albicans (10 strains), C. glabrata (4), C. guilliermondii (2), C. kefyr (2), C. krusei (4), C. lusitaniae (2), C. parapsilosis (3), C. tropicalis (5) and C. utilis (2). Furthermore 9 reference strains C. albicans ATCC 10231, C. glabrata ATCC 66032, C. guilliermondii ATCC 6260, C. kefyr ATCC 4130, C. krusei ATCC 14249, C. lusitaniae ATCC 34499, C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019, C. tropicalis ATCC 750 and C. utilis ATCC 9958 were tested. The sensitivity (MIC) of the yeast to Cananga oil (Semifarm) was determined by method of plate dilution technique in Sabouraud’s agar. First the essential oil was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Serva) and then in sterile distilled water. The oil concentrations were: 15.0, 10.0, 7.5, 5.0, 2.5 and 1.2 mg/ml. The inoculum containing 105 microorganisms per drop (CFU) was applied with Steers replicator on agar with or without oil (strains growth control). Incubation of the agar plates was carried out under aerobic conditions at 37°C for 12-48 hrs. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of the Cananga oil inhibited the growth of the tested strains of yeast-like fungi. Results. The results show, that the growth of 97% of the tested strains of yeast-like fungi was inhibited in the concentration range 1.0-10.0 mg/ml. The strains of C. albicans and C. glabrata were susceptible in range 2.5-5.0 mg/ml. The oil shoved activity against C. guilliermondii and C. utilis strains at a concentration of 5.0 mg/ml. Only 1 strain of C. parapsilosis and 1 strain of C. tropicalis were susceptible at 1.2 mg/ml. However, the oil shoved the lowest activity against C. krusei strains. The MIC values of Cananga oil ranged from 10.0 to 15.0 mg/ml. Conclusions. Most of the estimated strains from Candida genus were susceptible to low concentration of Cananga oil. The oil in low concentrations inhibited the grows of C. albicans strains. The C. krusei strains were the least sensitive to Cananga oil.
Analiza fitochemiczna gatunków Melilotus officinalis i Melilotus alba
Authors: Szymański Marcin , Szajkowska Daria , Szymański Arkadiusz
Published: August 2021

Introduction. All over the world, natural medicine uses species of the genus Melilotus due to their anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic, analgesic, spasmolytic, astringent, diuretic and anticoagulant effects. In the Polish Pharmacopoeia, only the yellow melilot herb (Meliloti herba) has a monograph. Aim. The research was aimed at a comparative analysis of the content of the sum of polyphenolic compounds, including the sum of flavonoids and phenolic acids, and antioxidant activity in water extracts of M. officinalis and M. alba herb and root. Material and methods. The research was carried out for two species of Melilotus officinalis and M. alba. The raw material was herb and melilot root, collected during flowering period from natural sites. In aqueous extracts from raw materials, the following methods were determined by colorimetric methods: the sum of polyphenolic compounds using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, the sum of phenolic acids using the Arnov reagent, the sum of flavonoids using the Christ-Müller method and the antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-radical hydrazyl (DPPH). Results. Meliloti alba herb has a much higher content of polyphenols, including phenolic acids and flavonoids than M. officinalis. In the yellow sweet clover the sum of polyphenols in the samples ranged from 2.101 to 2.438%, while in the white sweet clover from 2.765 to 3.540%. The content of phenolic acids in the samples of yellow sweet clover herb was 0.617-0.766%, and in the samples of white sweet clover herb was 0.646-0.900%. The content of flavonoids in the samples of yellow sweet clover herb ranged from 0.748 to 0.975%, and in the case of white sweet clover herb it was at the level of 0.801-1.192%. The samples of the commercial yellow sweet clover herb had the lowest content of phenolic compounds; the sum of polyphenols was 1.579%, phenolic acids 0.361%, and flavonoids 0.441%. The determined content of total polyphenols in the roots of both melilot species was low and amounted to 0.450% in MORA1 and 0.362% in MARA2. Despite the lower content of polyphenolic compounds (2.438%), the yellow melilot showed higher antioxidant activity (IC50 = 4.35 mg/ml) compared to the white melilot herb (IC50 = 5.31) with a higher content of polyphenols (3.010%). Conclusions. A higher content of the sum of polyphenols as well as phenolic acids and flavonoids was found in the white melilot. In both the yellow and white sweet clover herb extract, significantly more polyphenolic compounds were determined compared to the content in their root extract.
Przeciwnowotworowe działanie składników propolisu. Cz. 2. Związki flawonoidowe
Authors: Hołderna-Kędzia Elżbieta
Published: August 2021

The paper presents a review of research on the anticancerogenic activity of flavonoid compounds and their prenylated derivatives occurring in the propolis. In addition to the numerous biological and pharmacological properties of flavonoids, they also have a cytotoxic effect. The presented studies of flavonoids isolated from propolis fractions of various origins were carried out in vitro and in vivo against various human and animal cancer cell lines, e.g. HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells, A549 lung adenocarcinoma and Hela cervix, murine L5-26 colon carcinoma and B16-BL6 melanoma, and others. The obtained cytotoxic activity of flavonoid compounds and their prenylated derivatives as IC50 values was in the range of 3.4-10.0 μg/ml, while the ED50 values were in the range of 2.3-205.0 μg/ml. Flavonoids have a multidirectional effect on cancer cells: antioxidant, antiproliferative, blocking the cell cycle, inhibiting angiogenesis, inducing apoptosis, and inactivating carcinogens and reducing the resistance of anti-cancer drugs.
Badania wyciągów z owocników grzyba Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.)
Authors: Szymański Marcin , Kolendowicz Marta , Szymański Arkadiusz
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Laetiporus sulphureus is a species of fungus that decomposes both living trees and wooden structures. The fruiting bodies grow from May to September. They most often attack deciduous trees, most often oaks, poplars, robins and willows, apple trees, plum trees, less often maples and alders, very rarely they attack conifers. They are annuals; initially bulbous, then semicircular, fan-shaped and corrugated, color from sulfur-yellow to golden-orange or orange. Only the young and juicy fruiting bodies are suitable for consumption; they have a delicate “mushroom” taste and goes well with vegetables. It can be made in breadcrumbs, marinated in honey and spice, added to soups or stewed. The mushroom can be made in breadcrumbs, marinated in honey and spice, added to soups and stewed. Aim. Determination of the content of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in water, methanol and methanol-water extracts and examination of the composition of the chloroform extract from Laetiporus sulphureus fruiting bodies collected from three natural areas. Material and methods. The tests were carried out on three samples of Laetiporus sulphureus (A, B and C) dried in the air. Water, methanol and methanol-water extracts were prepared for the tests. The colorimetric method with the use of the Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) reagent was used to determine the total sum of polyphenols in the tested extracts. The antioxidant activity was determined by methods with the DPPH radical and the reduction of iron (III) ions (FRAP). The qualitative analysis of the chloroform extract using the GC-MS method was performed. Results. Total polyphenols (expressed as caffeic acid) in analyzed samples ranged from 0.07% to 0.88%, with the highest content of polyphenol was present in the aqueous extracts, followed by a methanol-water and methanol. Antioxidant properties of the extracts were as follows: parameter IC50 (for the DPPH radical method) ranged from 238 to 69.1 (mg/ml), and the parameter I0.5 (for the FRAP method) ranged from 106.6 to 24.6 (mg/ml). A total of 42 from 49 chemical compounds were identified trough GC-MS analysis of chloroform extracts from the three sets of fruiting bodies Laetiporus sulphureus: A, B and C. Among the identified compounds were the substances with a proven health benefits as thymol, niacin, unsaturated fatty acids: oleic and linoleic acids, and squalene. Conclusions. All tested extracts prepared from the fruiting bodies of Laetiporus sulphureus show antioxidant activity, however, they differ in strength depending on the type of extract and the place of harvesting the fruiting bodies. The analysis of the chloroform extract using the GC-MS method allowed for the identification of compounds such as thymol, niacin, oleic acid, linoleic acid and squalene with proven pro-health properties.
Arnika górska jako roślina lecznicza
Authors: Nawrot Joanna , Gornowicz-Porowska Justyna , Kroma Anna , Nowak Gerard
Published: August 2021

The pharmacological properties of arnica flowers are mainly due to the action of sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids. The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action of Arnicae flos (in vitro studies) is based on the inhibition of the release of pro-inflammatory factors: NF-κB, NF-AT and metabolic products of arachidonic acid. This herbal substance is used only externally in blunt injuries (contusions, sprains, bruises), as well as in muscle and rheumatic pains. Strong antimicrobial properties, equal to the activity of antibiotics, justify the use of arnica flowers in dermatoses.
On certain organizational-legal aspects on the market of state (municipal) and corporate procurement in the Russian Federation
Authors: Gorokhova Svetlana Sergeevna
Published: July 2021

The subject of this research is the relevant situation on the market of state (municipal) and corporate procurement, including the key indicators in the sphere planning government orders, stages of selecting suppliers (contractor or executive), conclusion and execution of contracts, as well as monitoring all stages of procurement procedures and detection of legislative violations. Attention is given to the specificity of application of certain provisions of the Federal Law “On the Contractual System of Procurement of Goods and Services for Fulfilling the Needs of the Country” and Federal Law No. 223-FZ “On Procurement of Goods and Services by Certain Types of Legal Entities". The conclusion is made that the sector of state and corporate procurements involves the budgetary funds of all levels, which are about 1/3 of the country’s GDP. At the same time, the current of system of state and corporate procurement is characterized by prevalence of noncompetitive procurement; consistent level of competition; low level of confidence of the marker actors in the system of state and corporate procurement. As a result, the contractual system does not fully contribute to ensuring the economic growth of the country. One of the deterrents for enhancing the functionality of the state and corporate procurement system is the concentration of efforts on improving the contractual system of procurement procedures, rather than achieving the effectiveness of procurement and ensuring due quality of goods and services, as well as the complexity and instability of legislation on procurement.
“Oriental” specificity of in the works of A. A. Fet: comparative analysis of the verbless poems of A. A. Fet and ancient Chinese poets
Authors: Dai Mengjie
Published: August 2021

The subject of this research is the works of A. A. Fet, namely verbless poems, which are used as manifestation of his interest in the Orient and ancient Chinese poets. Analysis of A. A. Fet’s works from the perspective of projection on the compositions of Chinese poets and reflection of oriental specificity in his poems is a widespread topic in cross-cultural studies on the peculiarities of the establishment of literature. Multiple Chinese scholars keep seeking similar motifs as the factors mutual interest in depiction landscapes and surrounding reality. The acquired results allow interpreting the works of the poets belonging to different cultures. The scientific novelty of this research lies in combining different opinions on studying the oriental specificity in the poems of A. A. Fet, placing emphasis on the analysis of one his verbless poems. The article presents a compilation of various approaches towards examination of the works of A. A. Fet. The materials can be valuable for those interested in the creative path of the Russian poet. In future structuring the route of interaction and enrichment of knowledge in the field of cross-cultural communication, the obtained result of the works of authors of foreign cultures contributes to the understanding of culture, strengthens relations between the cultures, as well as improves the quality of translation, which is also important in the dialogue of cultures.
Leyes de cruce en Spinoza. Belleza, lógica y naturaleza
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna, Reyes Vera Sara
Published: August 2021

An analysis of the concept of beauty as an act of Nature’s production and its laws of crossing, under the formula Deus sive X from Deus sive Natura. This guides a study on relationships between oneness and its multiple representations and logic connections. Ignorance and the impossible are in this development to understand the divide and genuine potency of the infinite causes for human singularity. Beauty is framed as a verb rather than an adjective, with the dual beauty/deformity expressing form/non-form.
Pokutna modlitwa psalmisty
Authors: Jasiński OFM Andrzej Sebastian
Published: July 2021

Ps 6 jest lamentem indywidualnym (struktura: ww. 2-4 lament; ww. 5-8 modlitwa o uzdrowienie; ww. 9-11 dziękczynienie). Lamenty w Biblii dotyczą bardzo różnorodnej tematyki. Ps 6 jest pierwszym z siedmiu psalmów pokutnych (Ps 6; 32; 38; 51; 102; 130; 143). Ww. 2-3 ukazują wszechobecną moc grzechu. Grzech ma wpływ na całą egzystencję, o czym świadczy użycie słów „kości” (fizyczne) i „dusza” (cała istota). W istocie psalmista próbuje błagać Boga, mówiąc: „Jeśli mnie nie wybawisz, będziesz miał o jednego czciciela mniej”. Psalmista kładzie wysoką wartość na chwałę Boga jako kartę przetargową.
Rok jubileuszowy w tradycji biblijnej
Authors: Jasiński OFM Andrzej Sebastian
Published: July 2021

Księga Kapłańska w rozdziale 25. szczegółowo opisuje biblijny system jubileuszu. Rok jubileuszowy następował po zakończeniu cyklu 7 lat szabatowych. W istocie jubileusz był instytucją ekonomiczną. Izrael miał trójstopniowy system pokrewieństwa, obejmujący plemię, klan i gospodarstwo domowe. Kpł 25 jest przeplatana ekonomiczną praktyką wykupu ziemi i osób (przede wszystkim dla ochrony klanu). Jednym z centralnych filarów wiary Izraelitów było to, że ziemia, którą zamieszkiwali, była ziemią Jahwe. Ziemia była celem tradycji odkupienia w Exodusie. Boski wyrok oznaczał w końcu wygnanie z ziemi, aż do momentu, gdy przywrócona relacja była symbolizowana w powrocie do ziemi. Jubileusz funkcjonował jako konieczna nadwyżka nad praktyką odkupienia. Regularne przeprowadzanie wykupu przez pewien okres mogłoby doprowadzić do tego, że całe terytorium klanu znalazłoby się w rękach kilku zamożniejszych rodzin, a reszta rodzin w klanie znalazłaby się w swego rodzaju dłużnej niewoli, żyjąc jako zależni dzierżawcy bogatych – dokładnie taki system własności ziemi, jaki Izrael obalił. Jubileusz opierał się na kilku centralnych stwierdzeniach wiary Izraela i nie należy pomijać ich znaczenia przy ocenie jego konotacji dla etyki i misji chrześcijańskiej. Jezus ogłosił rozpoczęcie eschatologicznego panowania Boga. Twierdził, że w Jego posłudze spełniają się nadzieje na odnowę i mesjańskie odwrócenie (Łk 4,16-30).
Prosody and Corpora
Authors: Mello Heliana , Mettouchi Amina , Mithun Marianne , Panunzi Alessandro , Raso Tommaso
Published: August 2021

This paper focuses on the experience of spoken corpora compilation and discusses the relevance of prosody in this type of endeavor, as well as in the study of spoken language in its several possibilities. Through the voices of scholars associated with four different projects (CorpAfroAs, Mohawk Corpus, LABLITA, C-ORAL-BRASIL), the steps considered of utmost relevance in both the compilation and research potential of spoken corpora are presented; additionally, perspectives for the field in the future are pointed out.