bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Private vs. Pooled Transportation: Customer Preference and Design of Green Transport Policy
Authors: Arora Kashish , Zheng Fanyin , Girotra Karan
Published: December 2023

Problem definition: Large cities around the globe are facing an alarming growth in traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, to which a significant contributor in recent years are on-demand cabs operated by ride-hailing platforms. Newly emerged pooled transportation options like shuttle services are cheaper and greener alternatives. However, those alternatives are still new to many customers and policy makers. The design of their promotion policies demands careful investigation. This paper studies how we can reduce the number of on-demand cabs on the road and, therefore, their GHG emissions by promoting pooled transportation such as shuttle services. Methodology/Results: In this work, we use detailed usage data and build a structural model to study customer preferences of price and service features when choosing between private cabs and a scheduled shuttle service. Using the estimated model, we identify and evaluate the efficacy of improving service features like reducing the walking distance to shuttle stops on customers’ choices of transport and, therefore, the number of ride-hailing vehicles on the road. We find that a 20% decrease in walking distance can achieve 40% of the benefits of commonly adopted congestion surcharge policies. It can also reduce up to 4.8 thousand tonnes of GHG emissions, which is worth over a million dollars per year. In addition, we demonstrate the implementability of walking distance reduction policies by adding stops on existing shuttle routes. Managerial implications: Reducing the number of ride-hailing vehicles on the road has become an important goal in many cities’ green transport policy design. For example, cities like New York have implemented congestion surcharge policies targeting ride-hailing vehicles in recent years. Our findings suggest that, by changing operations levers such as service features of pooled transport, cities can achieve a substantial amount of benefits from reducing congestion compared with congestion surcharge policies with essentially zero cost, leading to much more efficient green transport policies.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0569 .
Traditions of Folk Medicine in Georgia and Perspectives of Using Natural Medicinal Plants
Authors: Elizbarashvili Nodar , Gurgenidze Miranda , Elizbarashvili Rusudan , Bubashvili Luiza
Published: December 2023

The treatment methods and knowledge accumulated in Georgia over the centuries are related to the country's geographical location, diverse nature, traditions, history and knowledge of the use of medicinal products.

The article discusses a brief history of the development of folk medicine in Georgia, the medicinal plants that have been used in traditional medicine for centuries, the biological and landscape diversity of the country, the geographical features of the distribution of some medicinal plants and their main medicinal purpose, the economic importance of medicinal plants and the problems associated with their extraction.
Pharmaceutical Care for Premature Infants with Candida Albicans Infection of the Central Nervous System
Authors: Zheng Zi-Qiang , Yang Chao-Wen , Liu Hong-Xia
Published: December 2023

Objective: To explore the role of clinical pharmacists in the treatment of clinical diseases by adjusting the treatment of Candida albicans infection in the central nervous system of a premature infant.

Methods: Clinical pharmacists participated in the treatment of one premature infant with Candida albicans infection of the central nervous system, and provided drug selection suggestions based on drug safety and pharmacokinetics.

Results: The doctor partially adopted the suggestions of clinical pharmacists, revised the medication plan, and the child received reasonable treatment.

Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists can make full use of pharmaceutical knowledge to serve the clinic and improve the level of rational drug use.
SELAHATTİN ENİS’İN ROMANLARINDA ENGELLİLER VE ENGELLİLİK
Authors: GÜLER Aydın
Published: December 2023

1892-1942 yılları arasında yaşamış olan Selahattin Enis Atabeyoğlu, genç yaşlarda başladığı edebî hayatına sekiz roman ve bir hikâye kitabı sığdırmıştır. Bunların yanı sıra Piyano, Resimli Kitap, Keşkeşan, Rübab, Kaplan gibi pek çok dergide yazılarını ve hikâyelerini yayımlamıştır.

Bu çalışmada Selahattin Enis’in romanları incelenerek engelliliğin romanlardaki görünümü ve engelli karakterlerin romanlardaki rolü değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın yapılması için Selahattin Enis’in Neriman, Sara, Zaniyeler, Cehennem Yolcuları, Orta Malı, Ayarı Bozuklar, Endam Aynası ve Mahalle adlı romanları içerik analizi yöntemiyle okunmuş, engelli karakterler tespit edilerek adı geçen romanlarda kurguya katkıları vurgulanmıştır.

Zaniyeler, Cehennem Yolcuları, Orta Malı, Ayarı Bozuklar ve Mahalle romanlarında engelli karakterler tespit edilmiştir. Ancak Selahattin Enis, her romanda engelli karakterlerine farklı tarz ve yoğunluklarda yer vermiştir.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with jaundice as first manifestation: A case report
Authors: Wang Dan-Dan , Wu Sheng , Kong Bing-Bing , Song Lin-Lin
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but life-threatening condition. It is an immune-mediated disease that has a wide range of causes, elicits a hyperinflammatory response, and results in multiple organ damage. Clinical presentations vary, and in some cases, jaundice occurs as the first symptom.

CASE SUMMARY

We report the case of a 71-year-old female patient who presented with jaundice. She was admitted to our hospital because of the occurrence of “jaundice for half a month”, and upon examination, obstructive jaundice with choledocholithiasis and gallstones was suggested. Cholecystectomy and choledocholithotomy were performed. However, the jaundice did not improve after surgery. We found splenomegaly, cytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypofibrinogenemia, and elevated ferritin. Bone marrow biopsy revealed hemophagocytosis. Later, cardiac arrest occurred when she returned 3 wk after the surgery. We considered that HLH was triggered by septic shock. The patient’s condition deteriorated rapidly, with multiple organ dysfunction and severe gastrointestinal bleeding. Corticosteroid therapy and symptomatic treatment failed to save her life.

CONCLUSION

Jaundice rarely presents as the first symptom in HLH patients. The HLH in this case was triggered by septic shock with jaundice as the first symptom. Clinicians should try hard to reduce missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses.
Design and Evaluation of a Shear Analogy Tool for Custom Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) Panels Made from Various Wood Species
Authors: Adhikari Sailesh , Quesada Henry , Bond Brian
Published: December 2023

A user-friendly cross-laminated timber (CLT) design tool called SAM-CLT was developed to calculate the minimum design values for custom CLT panels. Custom panels are those made from different species not currently included in APA PRG 320 and include the use of multiple species in a panel. The tool uses the design value of hardwood and softwood lumber published in the national design specification book to design custom CLTs and the standard CLT grade lumber specification values published in PRG 320 standard. SAM-CLT was designed based on the shear analogy model and is intended to assist CLT manufacturers, construction and design companies, and researchers in designing and evaluating CLTs’ deformation when using different lumber types and thicknesses. This project included the calibration and validation of the tool, followed by examples of its use by computing the design value of the softwood, hardwood, and softwood–hardwood hybrid CLTs. The SAM-CLT tool was adjusted to match the published standard design values on PRG 320 and validated by comparing output for standard CLT layups. In the next step, SAM-CLT tool was used to calculate the minimum design value of custom CLTs made from hardwood–yellow poplar lumber and softwood–southern yellow pine lumber. Based on observed validation results of the tool and its application results to determine the design values for various CLT layups, this project concludes that SAM-CLT can be a valuable tool for designing custom CLTs, evaluating CLTs’ strength properties, and promoting heterogeneous lumber types in CLT manufacturing.
‘I would love to do something about it’: young men’s role in addressing violence against women in Ireland
Authors: Bolton Robert , Edwards Claire , Leane Máire , Ó Súilleabhain Fiachra
Published: December 2023

This article reports on how young people (aged 18–24) and stakeholders working in the area of violence against women (VAW) in Ireland, perceive young men’s role in addressing VAW. We find that men are considered well positioned to intervene as active bystanders and to engage in feminist allyship. However, several barriers to men’s active bystanding and engagement with the issue of VAW, as well as ethical, theoretical and practice issues, need to be considered. These include: the privileging of men’s willingness to listen to other men, thereby devaluing women’s perspectives; pluralistic ignorance where men feel other men do not share their discomfort of violence-supportive practices; and a tendency for men to default to confrontational modes of active bystanding. We highlight how these issues are even more pertinent to address given the presence of political forces that seek to stymie men’s support for feminist activism and causes related to gender politics.
His “Last Jest”: On Edgar Allan Poe, “Hop-Frog,” and Laughter
Authors: Taylor Jonathan
Published: December 2023

This essay conceives of Poe’s late tale “Hop-Frog” as an allegory of laughter. In the tale, the eponymous jester’s “last jest” consists of burning his master the king and the king’s ministers alive. The story, in this sense, represents a peculiar (and very Poesque) mixture of genres—of horror and comedy. As such, it can be read as an allegory on superiority theories of laughter by Hobbes, Hegel, Baudelaire, Bergson, and others. Indeed, the story’s imagery often seems directly connected to that of Hobbes and Hegel. This essay investigates the applications and implications of such “superiority” theories of laughter in relation to “Hop-Frog,” as well as the complex ways in which these theories are upheld and also crucially interrogated, modified, and subverted within Poe’s “story world.”
Jorge Luis Borges’s References to Edgar Allan Poe: An Annotated Bibliography, Section 1
Authors: Esplin Emron
Published: December 2023

Throughout his distinguished career, Argentine author Jorge Luis Borges maintained a complex literary relationship with Edgar Allan Poe and his writings. Borges mentioned Poe in numerous articles, prologues, stories, poems, lectures, dialogues, and interviews that he wrote or participated in between the early 1920s and the mid-1980s. These pieces range from a limited number of articles and interviews that focus specifically on Poe to brief nods to Poe’s works in pieces dedicated to other authors. They also appear in venues that differ widely in audience and approach, including the popular daily newspapers of Buenos Aires, La Nación and La Prensa ; weekly household magazines like El Hogar ; the highbrow literary magazine Sur ; the massively successful literature anthologies Antología de la literatura fantástica (1940) and Los mejores cuentos policiales (1943), and Borges’s own collections of fiction and poetry. In an effort to offer future scholars a substantial guide to the documents that demonstrate Borges’s long-term engagement with Poe’s works, “Jorge Luis Borges’s References to Edgar Allan Poe: An Annotated Bibliography, Section 1” directs readers to over 130 solo-authored pieces and lectures in which Borges references Poe—providing original publication information, current bibliographic material, and annotations for each piece.
Poe, Brennan Farm, and the Literary Life
Authors: Peeples Scott
Published: December 2023

Less than two months after moving from Philadelphia to New York, Poe, Virginia, and Maria Clemm moved in with the Brennan family in their farmhouse near present-day Amsterdam Avenue and Eighty-fourth Street, about five miles north of the densely populated portion of the city During this productive period of Poe’s career, he seems to have been more than usually obsessed with the perils of the magazine publishing world and his place in it. His letters and published writing reveal that he felt isolated, reflecting a frustration with his current situation while pointing the way toward the high-profile literary life he sought. “The Raven,” which he completed and published during this time, was the vehicle to greater renown; as an attention-grabbing tour de force about interior experience, it also mirrors the productive tension Poe found between the publishing hub of lower Manhattan and the seclusion of Brennan Farm.
Introduction: Edgar Allan Poe and Nineteenth-Century Medicine
Authors: Medoro Dana
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT:
This introduction to a multi-essay feature on Edgar Allan Poe and nineteenth-century medicine takes a biographical approach to Poe’s fascination with the practices of medicine in his lifetime and provides an overview of the variety of medical procedures, utensils, nostrums, scandals, and theories that traverse the pages of his fiction. Addressing the notoriety surrounding his alcoholism, the introduction also explores Poe’s drinking as a form of self-medicating, comprehended against the background of the deeply unjust, disordered economic system of antebellum America. The rationale for the papers included in the special feature follows from this viewpoint, showing how each covers the representation of a particular medical practice in Poe’s fiction alongside a keen understanding of the world in which he lived.
Do You Hear What I Hear?: Stethoscopic Listening in Poe’s “The Tell-Tale Heart”
Authors: Schlauraff Kristie A.
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT:
Critics frequently call attention to the theme of “moral insanity” in Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Tell-Tale Heart” without considering the broader implications of the narrator’s “overacuteness of the senses.” Rather than treating the character’s acute hearing as symptomatic of mental imbalance, Kristie Schlauraff proposes that his mode of listening causes his unraveling. This article contextualizes the character’s mental instability within nineteenth-century concerns regarding the predominance of rationality over emotion, a shift exemplified by the increasing authority of physicians over patients. The narrator’s listening practice, Schlauraff argues, mimics a new technological and diagnostic intervention known as mediate auscultation, or stethoscopic listening, which distanced medical practitioners from their subjects by providing a way to access the intimate soundscape of their bodies and bypass narrative accounts of illness. Like a physician wielding a stethoscope, the narrator accesses two key soundscapes: the conventional sonic environment all the characters perceive, and the internal environment of the human body only the narrator discerns. His failure to navigate these competing soundscapes demonstrates the potential dangers of heightened hearing and the powerful influence of sound. As an allegory for stethoscopic listening, “The Tell-Tale Heart” offers a critique of the scientific community’s growing emphasis on rationality and sensory observation to the detriment of such human characteristics as morality and empathy.
Who Wrote the Purloined Letter?
Authors: Reising Russell
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT:
In “Who Wrote the Purloined Letter?” Russell Reising engages the history of Poe criticism of “The Purloined Letter.” Drawing on leads from such scholars as Daniel Hoffman, leads ignored by later critics, including nearly every essay in the well-known book The Purloined Poe , Reising situates the role of Poe’s amateur detective, C. Auguste Dupin, in the context of other Poe narrators, especially those driven by a thirst for revenge following either a real or an imagined slight. This essay focuses on questions not asked by earlier critics and follows that inquiry to a detailed theory of the story’s real mystery—that is, who was it that wrote the titular letter stolen by Minister D in the first place?
"Any Peculiar Taste or Prepossession"? Poe and the Antebellum Registers of Authorial Interpretation
Authors: Bradford Adam
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: This essay explores the ways in which Edgar Allan Poe used script, along with text, portraits, and voice, to help him navigate the moral registers of nineteenth-century American authorship. Given the cultural belief that there was little distinction between the character of an author and the characters within a text, Poe's gothic work necessitated that he seek to disarticulate his self from the various selves that peopled his tales, in particular, or risk being branded a degenerate and ignored. This essay examines several of Poe's manuscripts for strategic shifts in his handwriting, contextualizing these alongside texts, images, and literary performances in the period's salons, in order to disclose the important work that his handwriting, with its various scripts, did in shaping his authorial self for the public. It considers Poe's plans for The Stylus and his fascination with anastatic printing as a means for ushering in new conditions of literary production that would not only offer financial benefit to authors but ensure their ability to control the interpretive registers of the self through the presentation of the hand.
Troubled Writer in the Marketplace: Melville's Image of Poe in Pierre
Authors: Hammond Alexander
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: This essay argues that Poe's struggles in the literary marketplace of the 1840s, and especially his efforts to explain the universe in Eureka , inform the figure of the impoverished, disinherited Pierre who attempts to write a "book of truths" in the New York City episodes of Melville's 1852 Pierre; or, The Ambiguities . Future explorations of this admittedly speculative hypothesis, which complicates and enriches rather than undermines long established biographical approaches to the novel's title character, promise fresh perspectives on the imaginative and professional relationship between the two writers.
On the Digital Mabbott Poe : "Source-Research," Text Editing, and Media History
Authors: Bronson-Bartlett Blake
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: This article introduces its readers to Mabbott Poe , a digital resource based on the research papers of Thomas Ollive Mabbott, the editor of the three-volume Collected Works of Edgar Allan Poe . It argues that a digital resource like Mabbott Poe , which exhibits a text editor's research process rather than the texts and papers of an author, encourages its users to reconstruct the creative act of text making as an act of interpretation that merits critical appreciation as well as critique. Because Mabbott learned text editing before the ascent of Greg-Bowers copy-text theory in the mid–twentieth century, his research process lacks a coherent theory and may seem idiosyncratic to us today. Yet Mabbott's editing method is an opportunity for humanists to reflect on the history of their own practices. The complex traditionalism reflected in his process—a mix of philology and explorations into extra-canonical sources—makes him an unlikely though compelling forebear of cultural studies. In three parts, this article addresses Mabbott's complicated character, his relevance to current theories of text editing, and the media-historical perspective facilitated by the digital remediation of his papers.
Feeling in Poe's Letters
Authors: Ginsberg Lesley
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: In mid-September of 1835, Poe wrote to the novelist John Pendleton Kennedy: " You will believe me when I say that I am still miserable…. I say you will believe me, and for this simple reason, that a man who is writing for effect does not write thus ." These protestations imply that men can and do write for effect and that feelings may be misrepresented. Poe's letters raise questions about the readability of feelings and the performance of emotional states. This essay examines instances when feelings overflow in letters he composed, first as an adolescent writing to his increasingly estranged foster father, John Allan; then as a young lover who feared the loss of his beloved Virginia; and eventually as a widower who expressed painful emotions while also engaging in emotionally fraught epistolary flirtations. Further, the essay considers these manifestations of feeling through theories of affect that interrogate the performative aspects of expressions of feeling while also devoting attention to the importance of shame as a recurring affect in Poe's letters.
Poe's "Berenice" and the Aesthetic of the Interesting
Authors: Luck Chad
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: Poe's critical work—in book reviews, biographies, and more—demonstrates an ongoing fascination with the aesthetic category of "the interesting." Indeed, his literary criticism offers the beginnings of a theory of readerly interest. This essay, however, argues that the fullest articulation of Poe's thinking about interest emerges in "Berenice." In this story, Poe engages the post-Kantian aesthetic theories of Friedrich Schlegel in order to carefully distinguish the experience of the interesting from that of the beautiful. More particularly, the narrator's disease, his "nervous intensity of interest ," signals an exaggerated form of aesthetic interest, a kind of hyperbolic version of readerly absorption. By closely attending to this experience, Poe is able to anatomize the dynamics of aesthetic interest, highlighting the ways in which it moves between feeling and thought. That is, he demonstrates how the interesting begins as a peculiar affective response—a desire to know more or to better understand—but then transforms into a cognitive process of interpretation. He imagines this movement as recursive in nature, with feelings generating thoughts that then invite a return to the feelings themselves. In this way, Poe's work sheds light on both nineteenth- and twenty-first-century aesthetic debates about the form and function of the interesting.
Poetry in Reason: The Scientific Poems of Edgar Allan Poe and Erasmus Darwin
Authors: Weiser Karen
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: This essay attempts to extend the current methodological approaches to Edgar Allan Poe's Eureka by placing the text within the tradition of scientific poems in the mode of Erasmus Darwin. We can see Erasmus Darwin's possible influence on Eureka 's central metaphor of the divine heartbeat as an endless repetition of universal creation and extinction, the Big Bang and Big Crunch, theories Darwin explicitly attributes to the 1790s writings of astronomer William Herschel, whom Poe references in Eureka . By comparing how Darwin and Poe construct the registers of the imagination and philosophy, we can trace Poe's radical reconceiving of the relation between poetry and science as an always interdependent "abductive" mode. It is only then that we can read the cosmology as Poe asked, as a poem.
A Prolific Black Crime Writer on the Father of Detective Stories
Authors: Rambsy Howard
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: Marc Olden published nearly 40 books, including Black Samurai , which was adapted into a movie. Poe Must Die , arguably his most distinctly literary composition, expands views of African American literature as well as our understanding of how a Black writer engages Edgar Allan Poe in a work of fiction. This brief examination of the novel highlights the detection skills of two gifted writers: Poe and Olden.
Comparison of intermittent fasting and voluntary wheel running on physical and cognitive abilities in high-fat diet-induced obese rats
Authors: Gopalan Chaya , Niepoetter Paige , Butts-Wilmsmeyer Carolyn , Medavaka Sai , Ogle Avery , Daughrity Sheyenne , Hackmann Elizabeth , Mogan Saruveish , Lenz Oskar
Published: December 2023

Regular physical activity is a proven routine for weight management in addressing obesity. Another method that has gained attention for its health benefits is intermittent fasting (IF). Physical and cognitive abilities while on these routines are poorly understood in the obese population. Sixty-five male Sprague Dawley rats at 7 weeks of age were subjected to diet-induced obesity by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) or a standard diet (SD) for 8 weeks, after which behavioral testing was performed to detect any changes in physical and cognitive abilities. Rats from the HFD-fed (now considered obese) and SD-fed groups were then subjected to IF (18-hour fast and 6-hour feeding daily), voluntary wheel running (VWR), or control conditions for 3 weeks before repeating the same behavioral testing protocol. IF resulted in less weight gain (p<0.05) and elevated ketone levels (p<0.05) in both SD and HFD-fed groups. IF improved physical activity when compared to VWR and control animals in both SD and HFD-fed groups (p<0.05) while the VWR group in the SD-fed rats exhibited less physical fatigue compared to IF and controls (p<0.05). Additionally, elevated ketone levels were weakly correlated with decreased physical (p<0.0001) and exploratory behavior (p<0.01). These results suggest that IF is more effective than VWR in HFD and SD-fed rats in minimizing weight gain and retaining physical activity, and ketones may play a part in establishing the reported physical benefits. Exploration of physiological mechanisms between ketones, diet, and exercise will help fight obesity and many associated diseases.
Protein-glutaminase improves water-/oil-holding capacity and beany off-flavor profiles of plant-based meat analogs
Authors: Sakai Kiyota , Okada Masamichí , Yamaguchi Shotaro
Published: December 2023

An unresolved challenge for plant-based meat analogs (PBMAs) is their lack of juiciness. Saturated fats significantly contribute to the juiciness of PBMAs, but there are concerns about the undesirable health effects related to saturated fats; thus, demand for their replacement with vegetable unsaturated oils has increased. Although many food additives are used to reduce the leakage of unsaturated oils, this solution cannot meet the clean-label requirements that have been trending in recent years. In this study, we aimed to develop better consumer-acceptable methods using protein-glutaminase (PG) to improve the juiciness of PBMA patties to meet clean-label trends. We found no significant difference between the visual surface of control and PG-treated textured vegetable proteins (TVPs). However, the microstructure of PG-treated TVP had a more rounded shape than that of the control TVP as observed under a scanning electron microscope. After grilling process, the PBMA patties composed of PG-treated TVP showed significantly higher liquid-holding capacities (a juiciness indicator) than the control patties. This suggested that PG treatment could potentially produce PBMA patties with increased juiciness. Interestingly, after the PG-treated TVP underwent the wash process, we found that PG treatment of TVP easily reduced the various beany off-flavor compounds by 58–85%. Moreover, the results of the in vitro protein digestion test showed that the amounts of free amino nitrogen released from PBMA patties composed of PG-treated TVP were 1.5- and 1.7-fold higher than those from control patties in the gastric and intestinal phases, respectively. These findings indicate that PG treatment of TVP could enhance the physical, sensory, and nutritional properties of PBMA patties and meet the clean-label requirements.
Manto Aravantinou’s Joycean archive
Authors: Bilia Trisevgeni
Published: December 2023

This article focuses on the work of Manto Aravantinou (1923–98), a Greek poet, critic and translator of Joyce, mainly active in the 1960s–80s. Specifically, it discusses her 1977 monograph Ta Ellinika tou Tzeims Tzois (James Joyce’s Greek) in which she explores Joyce’s connection to the Greek language, culture and people. This book is based on her archival research on Joyce’s Greek notebooks (1916–17), a small and underexplored part of the Zurich notebooks (1915–19), which contain notes from what she claims are the Irish author’s Greek lessons with Pavlos Phocas. This article examines Aravantinou’s reading of the Greek part of the Joyce archive, how she uses it to interpret and translate Joyce, and how that introduces new modes of reading Joyce’s work. Contrary to negative reviews she received about misreading and misinterpreting Joyce, I argue that Aravantinou’s approach to the Greek notebooks considers the note as a productive space of meaning, and takes into account the invitation to etymological speculation as well as the singular multilingualism of Joyce’s later work. Finally, considering recent discussions about the ‘weird’ as a mode that is based on the creation of an archive, I argue that Aravantinou reconstructs the Joyce archive in such a way that she introduces the weird as a possible way of reading Joyce.
I Logotechnia sto Panepistimio: I Sygkrotisi tis Epistimis tis Neoellinikis Filologias (1942–1982) (‘Literature at the University: The Formation of the Scholarly Study of Modern Greek Literature [1942–1982]’), Venetia Apostolidou (2022)
Authors: Papatheodorou Yiannis
Published: December 2023

Review of: I Logotechnia Sto Panepistimio: I Sygkrotisi Tis Epistimis Tis Neoellinikis Filologias (1942–1982) (‘Literature at the University: The Formation of the Scholarly Study of Modern Greek Literature [1942–1982]’), Venetia Apostolidou (2022)

Athens: Polis, 560 pp.,

ISBN 978-9-60435-785-7, p/bk, €27.70
Species diversity of the genus Allium in the flora of Aral-Balkhash region
Authors: Abdildanov D. Sh. , Vesselova P. V. , Kudabayeva G. M.
Published: December 2023

Currently, the genus Allium L., which is one of the largest genera of the Monocotyledon class, has more than 1000 species in its composition. In the flora of Kazakhstan, the genus is represented by at least 130 species. The species of this genus are characterized by a variety of morphological characteristics, which makes it difficult to determine them. The ecological range of the species of the genus is also wide and extends from the alpine and subalpine belts to deserts. According to modern data, 25 (19 % of 130) alliums growing in Kazakhstan are found in the Aral-Balkhash region. The aim of the research was to study critically the diversity of species of the genus Allium from 3 sections (Haplostemon Boiss. -7; Porrum Don - 3, Molium Don - 5) of the flora of the Aral-Balkhash region. The conspectus presented in the article is based on the critical review of available herbarium materials: the Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction (AA), (Almaty, Kazakhstan), the digital herbarium of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, Russia), the Herbarium (TASH) of the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, taking into account the modern system of the genus Allium. For each species, information on the biological characteristics of the species, their ecological confinement and geographical distribution is provided. Screening of herbarium samples revealed 158 plant vouchers belonging to 15 species from 3 sections. The results of the analysis of the edaphic confinement of species, in general, confirm the validity of the distribution of species in the presented sections.
The representatives of the family Saxifragaceae in the collection «Alpine Slides» of the Peter the Great Botanical Garden of Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS
Authors: Baranova O. G.
Published: December 2023

The article gives an assessment of the wealth of the collection fund of representatives of the family Saxifragaceae, growing in the modern period of time in the collection “Alpine Slides” of Peter the Great Botanical Garden and in earlier years. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the lifespan of individual specimens in the collection and to identify plant species that are most resistant to growth in the conditions of St. Petersburg. Currently, in the collection “Alpine Slides”, plants of the family Saxifragaceae are represented by 41 species from 10 genera. The genus Saxifraga is the most diverse in the collection, with 16 species, 10 of which have been added to the collection over the past 10 years. Most of the specimens of representatives of the family Saxifragaceae in the modern collection were obtained from Delectus seeds from Sweden, Poland, Germany and other countries. They were planted in the 20th century; a particularly large influx of species into the collection occurred in the 1950s-1960s. Many samples in the collection exist for more than 60-70 years, which indicates the prospects for the use of many representatives of the family Saxifragaceae in landscaping.
Assessment of the resource base of Rumex tianschanicus Losinsk. in the mountain regions of southeastern Kazakhstan
Authors: Gemejiyeva N. G. , Ramazanova M. S. , Arysbaeva R. B. , Kerdyashkin A. V. , Rybakov I. A.
Published: December 2023

Inventory of stock economically valuable plant species is one of the urgent tasks in the regional cadastral assessing of plant resources. The results of this will be applied to conduct state monitoring and the flora cadastre in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Genus Rumex L. belongs to Polygonaceae Juss. family and represented by 27 species in the flora of Kazakhstan including 15 medicinal which used in folk and official medicine. For the first time undertaken a cadastre assessment of current ecological state of the flora and plant resources in Almaty region, the stocks of plant raw material of the valuable medicinal Rumex tianschanicus, have been identified and taken into account in 2021-2022 years on the 3 floristic territories (24. Dzhungarsky Alatau, 25. Zailiysky Kungei Alatau, 25a. Ketmen-Terskey Alatau) and 4 administrative (Eskeldinsky, Kegensky, Raiymbeksky, Uigursky) districts. The resource survey of the territories carried out by a route-reconnaissance method using generally accepted resource-study and geobotanical methods. On the surveyed territory the total operational reserve of air-dry underground part of Rumex tianschanicus was 169.5 tons on 113.3 hectares with a total volume of possible annual harvesting of 17.0 tons of air-dry plant raw materials. For commercial harvesting thickets were isolated ridges of Ketmen (Uigur district) and Terskey Alatau (Raiymbek district) which located within 25a floristic region in the southeast of the Almaty region.
Assessment of the population status of the relict species Lomelosia austroaltaica (Bobrov) Sojak in the flora of the Kazakstan Altai
Authors: Danilova A. N , Kotukhov Yu. A. , Anufrieva O. A. , Sumbembayev A. A.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the population parameters of a rare relict species Lomelosia austroaltaica in the territory of the Kalba Upland in the Kazakhstan Altai. It has been established that the population is located in the Eastern Kalba on the Medvedka Mountain (Koktau Mountains) as part of the feather grass-lomelosia phytocenosis. The total area occupied by phytocenosis with the participation of Lomelosia austroaltaica, is 2.5 hectares. Vegetation cover is poorly formed, represented by 30 species of flowering plants. The structure and appearance of the phytocenosis are determined by the dominants Stipa capillata- cop2, S. pennata - cop1. In ecological terms, the species composition of the higher vascular plants of the surveyed phytocenosis is formed by xeropetrophytes - 20 species (66.7 %), xeromesophytes - 7 species (23.3 %), mesophytes - 3 species (10 %). The total projective cover is 44.4 %, the proportion of Lomelosia austroaltaica in the phytobiota is 22.2 %, i. e. according to its coenotic features, the species is an assectator. Individuals are scattered and unevenly distributed over the area, their height ranges from 28 to 48 cm (33.6 ± 7.4.6), forming loose sods 47.9 ± 5.2 cm in diameter from 46.3 ± 7.2 cm vegetative and 51.3 ± 10.5 cm generative shoots. A direct dependence of seed productivity on the number of formed heads on a generative shoot was revealed. Mass flowering of individuals was recorded in the second decade of June, the period of seed ripening is late August - early September. The population is normal, incomplete, the age spectrum is left-sided. The ratio of young and adult fractions (pl + j + im) : (v + g) = 11.8 : 7.8 indicates a stable state of the population at the present stage. Mainly seeds maintain the number of individuals. The species needs state protection.
Results of the introduction of tree plants into South Uzbekistan from the North America
Authors: Yoziev L. H. , Xodjayev D. T , Berdiyev M. F.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of the introduction of woody plants into South Uzbekistan from North America. It is noted that 43 species of woody plants were tested from the Atlantic-North American region. In particular, 1 species were tested from the Appalachian province of this region. Thirty-eight species have been introduced from the province of the Atlantic Lowland, of which 26 are also found in the Appalachian province. The flora of the province of the Atlantic Lowland is much younger than the flora of the Appalachian Province and contains fewer relict and endemic taxa, which is explained by the geological youth of the lowland itself. From both provinces of this area, the vast majority of species are very promising and promising. From the Rocky Mountains, only 3 species have been tested. Although they are endemic to this province, under our conditions they have proved to be quite resilient. They belong to the hemixerophytes. Of the 3 provinces of the Madreana region, 9 species were tested, 6 of them were introduced from the California province. Most of the tested species of this area turned out to be resistant in the conditions of Southern Uzbekistan.
The structure of the needles mesophyll at species of the Pinaceae family
Authors: Zvereva G. K.
Published: December 2023

Comparative study of the structure of the needle mesophyll and the diversity of assimilatory cell forms at 27 species from 7 genera (Abies, Tsuga, Pseudotsuga, Picea, Pinus, Cedrus, Larix) of the Pinaceae family was carried out. The researches were carried out under a light microscope using macerated preparations, as well as on transverse, paradermal and radial sections of the middle part of the needles. Among the cells of complex shape, flat cellular cells located along the needles, flat folded cells, the main projections appearing on the transverse sections, and more complicated folded-cellular, combining lobed outlines in the cross-section and cellular in the longitudinal direction, were distinguished. The genera of Pinaceae under consideration can be divided into two groups according to the structure of the assimilatory tissue of needles by the presence or absence of cells of complex shape, in connection with which the prevailing types of mesophyll for each genus are distinguished and characterized in more detail. It is shown that within the separate genera of the Pinaceae family, the characteristic features are observed in the structure of the needles mesophyll, which may also be partly due to the presence of different variants of cells of complex cellular and folded forms.
Morphological and phylogenetic analysis of Erythronium (Liliaceae) species in Southern Siberia
Authors: Kuchma E. A. , Ryabova K. K. , Yamskikh I. E. , Stepanov N. V. , Kutsev M. G
Published: December 2023

This study presents morphological and phylogenetic analyses of 3 species of Erythronium growing in the mountains of Southern Siberia. Species are Erythronium sibiricum (Fisch. et Mey) Krylov, E. sajanense Stepanov et Stassova, E. sulevii (Ruksans) Stepanov. According to the morphological parameters of the species, E. sajanense shows the clearest isolation, characterized by small peduncles; awl-shaped staminate filaments, sharply narrowing at the base; a more compact stigma of the pistil; the color of the perianth petals. According to the principal component analysis, E. sajanense separates from the other two species. Phylogenetic analysis was based on sequencing chloroplast genes matK, rbcL and the nuclear marker ITS (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2). The phylogenetic trees show a clear division of the species of Erythronium into the Eurasian and East-North American groups. The maximum number of nucleotide substitutions was noted for E. sajanense, whereas E. sibiricum and E. sulevii show greater genetic similarity. The most informative markers for the identification of Erythronium species are ITS regions characterized by a high level of variability between individual species.
Migration of lead in the soil-plant system
Authors: Medvedeva V. A , Korotchenko I. S.
Published: December 2023

In recent years, environmental problems associated with the intensive development of industry, agriculture, and the rapid development of cities have been the most frequently discussed environmental problems in the world. Every year hundreds of thousands of tons of pollutants, including heavy metals, get into the atmosphere, soil, water and other environmental objects. Heavy metals enter the human body with plant products and poison the body. Heavy metals from the environment migrate to plant organs and tissues. It is necessary to find ways to detoxify soils from heavy metals. The article presents the results of the experiment at the biopolygon of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Krasnoyarsk Agrarian University. As a result of the study, we determined the distribution of lead on the organs of mustard and rapeseed.
Anatomical and morphological study of the roots of species of the genus Iris from natural populations of southeastern Kazakhstan
Authors: Ramazanova M. S , Kurbatova N. V. , Gemejiyeva N. G. , Aldassugurova Ch. J
Published: December 2023

Wild-growing species of the genus Iris L. are perennial rhizomatous plants better known for decorative properties and promising plants as sources of medicinal raw materials. Irises contain essential oil, isoflavones, flavonoids, carotenoids, various organic acids, and tannins. The rhizomes of some irises have an immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, tonic effect, exhibit antiviral, acaricidal, antifungal activity. Medicinal and ornamental properties characterized by six species I. alberti, I. lactea, I. ruthenica, I. sogdiana, I. songarica, I. tenuifolia out of 11 irises from southeast of Kazakhstan which grow within Almaty administrative region in different ecological conditions (from foothills and mountain slope North Tian Shan up to steppe zones of Balkhash Alakol basin). The objects of research were 3 wild species of Iris L., growing in the southeast of Kazakhstan. The goal of this research is a comparative anatomical and morphological study of the roots of species Iris alberti Regel (1, 2 populations), I. pallasii Fisch. ex Trevir., I. sogdiana Bunge from natural populations of southeastern Kazakhstan. Field studies of wild populations of the Iris species were carried out by the route-reconnaissance method. Geobotanical methods were used to describe plant communities with the participation of research objects. Microscopic studies of the roots were carried out by conventional procedure. As a result of the anatomical and morphological study, we found that pronounced mesophytic features of the anatomical structure of the plant species are associated with an increase in the diameter of the central cylinder and the diameter of the xylem vessels. The highest degree of development of conducting tissue indicates an increased moisture gradient. The pronounced thickness of the primary cortex indicates the presence of xerophytic features of the anatomical structure. These results indicate the relationship between the ecological conditions of the studied Iris species growth and features of a primary anatomical structure of its root.
Additions to the mycobiota of the Altyn-Emel National Park and adjacent territories (Kazakhstan)
Authors: Rakhimova Y. V. , Kyzmetova L. A. , Assylbek A. M , Sypabekkyzy G.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of mycological studies conducted in the Altyn-Emel National Park and in adjacent territories. The collection of samples was carried out in the summer 2021-2022 in various gorges of the Altyn-Emel ridge, the Chulak Mountains and in the Konyrolen intermountain plain. A taxonomic list is given, which includes 46 species of fungi from 33 genera, 24 families, 16 orders, 9 classes, 2 kingdoms. The largest is the class Dothideomycetes with 18 species. 43 species of micromycetes are new for the study area, for 3 species a new host is given: for Leveillula taurica (Lev.) G. Arnaud - Astragalus sp., Hedysarum sp., Peganum harmala L.; for Neoerysiphe galeopsidis (DC.) U. Braun -Dracocephalum integrifolium Bunge, Lamium sp.; for Podosphaera aphanis (Wallr.) U. Braun et S. Takam. - Agrimonia asiatica Juz., Geum urbanum L. Of the first recorded species, 31 species (72.1 %) are plant parasites, 10 species (23.2 %) are saprotrophs on plant remains, two species (4.7 %) live on stones and basic rocks and belong to lichenized fungi. Leveillula taurica was found most frequently on various hosts (especially on Peganum harmala).
Seasonal use of pastures of Karakalpak Ustyurt (Uzbekistan)
Authors: Rakhimova N. K.
Published: December 2023

The electronic-digital “Map of the pastures of the Karakalpak Ustyurt” and the legend to it have been compiled. The map shows 43 pasture differences consisting of 5 pasture types common on the Ustyurt plateau. The article presents the seasonal use of pastures of the Karakalpak Ustyurt. According to seasonal use, three groups of pastures are allocated: year-round, summer-autumn-winter, autumn-winter. Autumn-winter pastures make up 58 % of the total pasture differences of the Karakalpak Ustyurt. Autumn and winter-spring precipitation play the main role in the fodder yield of pastures. A brief description is given of the main and permanent species of plant communities on the plateau, such as Artemisia terrae-albae, Caroxylon orientale and Anabasis salsa. Halophytic plants have versatile economic values. Many of them play an important role in the forage fund of desert animal husbandry. In particular, Caroxylon orientale, Salsola arbusculiformis, Haloxylon aphyllum significantly increases the productivity of pastures, and they are eaten by camels and small cattle all year round. The productivity of the aboveground mass of the studied pasture differences is determined, the yield of pastures depends on favorable climatic conditions of the year.
The current state of Medicago sativa+Agropyron fragile-Artemisia diffusa pasture variety in Karakalpak Ustyurt
Authors: Saitjanova U. Sh.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the phytocenotic characteristics of the Medicago sativa+Agropyron fragile-Artemisia diffusa pasture variety, which is part of the Medicago sativa pasture type. The studied type of pastures occupies a small territory in the Central-Primorsky and North-Primorsky subdistricts of the Eastern Cliff of Ustyurt (202 hectares). Medicago sativa+Agropyron fragile-Artemisia diffusa pasture variety is located on a gray-brown soils in the Kungrad district, geographical points: Karakuduk, near the well, from the first terrace to the Aral Sea. The total projective cover of the PV is 80%. In the formation of vegetation, a high proportion is assigned to Medicago sativa - 63 %, Agropyron fragile - 25 %, Artemisia diffusa - 12,5 %. It occurs in small spots on the slopes of gorges and dry beds of spring drains. According to the results of the study, we see that due to the arid climate, the eaten part of the forage mass of the Medicago sativa+Agropyron fragile-Artemisia diffusa pasture variety is low and ranges from 0.8 to 1.3 c/ha. According to the yield indicators, this pasture difference can be recommended for use as year-round pastures.