bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Symmetry of Projection Data in 2D-CT and its Application in the Reconstruction
Authors: Xuan Yang , Wang Xu , Yang Dan
Published: June 2012

This paper studies the symmetry about the projection data of parallel beam and fan beam after rearrangement, and studies the reconstruction principle of the parallel beam and fan beam rearrangement, and realizes it by MATLAB simulation. This paper also discusses the application of symmetry in the two-dimensional reconstruction of CT.
Semiconductor Manufacturer’s Capacity Reservation with Substitution
Authors: Han Guang Hua , Dong Ming
Published: June 2012

When the products are withdrawn from the market, some capacity is reserved for a certain time because the manufacturer is responsible for providing after-sale service during the entire quality guarantee period. We consider a capacity reservation problem of a semiconductor manufacturer with two kinds of products and the corresponding demands are random. The demands can be substituted when one type of capacity has been depleted. The optimization goal is to determine the reserved capacity for each type of product. The problem is formulated by a stochastic programming model in which the objective is to minimize the total service cost of the manufacturer. We show that the concavity and convexity of the optimal function is depended on the joint distribution function density of the products. An iterative algorithm is designed to find the optimal capacity conservation quantities and a numerical experiment is used to illustrate its effectiveness.
Fabric Defect Classification Based on Local Region Features and SVM
Authors: Li Yi Hong , Lu Zhao Yang , Li Jing , Cui Ling Ling
Published: June 2012

The big differences of the texture and shapes in the same type and certain similarities among heterogeneous types result in the difficult classification of fabric defects. Compared with traditional global statistical method, we put up a new solution, which makes use of the fabric defect local region features to keep the defect property and defect classification by Support Vector Machines (SVM). Based on small-samples learning machine of SVM, we obtain a good performance of less computational load and high recognition rate.
Research of Parallel Processing Technology Based on Multi-Core
Authors: Li Xiang , Li Fei , Wang Chang Hao
Published: June 2012

In this paper, five kinds of typical multi-core processers are compared from thread, cache, inter-core interconnect and etc. Two kinds of multi-core programming environments and some new programming languages are introduced. Thread-level speculation (TLS) and transactional memory (TM) are introduced to solve the problem of parallelization of sequential program. TLS automatically analyze and speculate the part of sequential process which can be parallel implement, and then automatically generate parallel code. TM systems provide an efficient and easy mechanism for parallel programming on multi-core processors. Typical TM likes TCC, UTM, LogTM, LogTM-SE and SigTM are introduced. Combined the TLS and TM can more effectively improve the sequential program running on the multi-core processors. Typical extended TM systems to support TLS likes TCC, TTM, PTT and STMlite are introduced.
Discrimination of Mine Water Bursting Source Based on Fuzzy System
Authors: Yang Wei Feng , Shen Ding Yi , Ji Yu Bing , Wang Yi
Published: June 2012

Through applying the background values of aquifer derived from fuzzy clustering analysis, a fuzzy comprehensive estimation model was developed for quick recognition of mine water inrush. Based on the hydrological-chemical analysis data of water samples which water bursting sources were known in Liliu mining area, Shanxi province, this paper presented that the hydrological-chemical characters of different aquifer was different, and established a sort of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation models of discriminating coal mine water bursting sources in Liliu mining area. Applied to a production mine, the correct rate of water bursting source judged results by various methods was more than 70%. With the dispersion method and the method extracted from stepwise discrimination analysis to determine the membership degree and Model 3 the type determined by various factors, the correct rate of water bursting source with comprehensive evaluation of combination of two methods was higher respectively 94.5% and 93.3%. The fuzzy system can efficiently and accurately discriminate the resource of water inrush for an unknown sample, and provide the decision basis for the safety production of the coal mine.
The Design and Realization of Auto GPS Navigation System Based on ARM Cortex-M3
Authors: Xu Zhen , Tao Ya Xiong
Published: June 2012

Accompanied with the release of ARM Cortex micro controller unit (MCU), the development and application of embedded systems in the field of automobile electronics have upgraded to a higher stage. Based on the market requirement for embedded MCU, the characteristics of Cortex-M3 MCU is analyzed and a design of auto GPS navigation system based on Cortex-M3 is given in this paper. The superior performance and implementation of Cortex-M3-based auto embedded system is analyzed and proved from the perspective of code density and program running time.
The Design of Embedded Multi-Channel Data Acquisition System
Authors: Qiu Yan Zhang , Guo Liang , Liu Sheng Hui
Published: June 2012

This paper analyzes the Flash Memory interface, SDRAM interface, Ethernet interface and Serial-port expansion circuit. The Embedded Multi-channel Data Acquisition System is designed by MCF5272 microprocessor. The main control system of MCF5272 includes SDRAM, Flash and BDM interface and so on. At the software design, we main introduce the compile and develop of bootload and the compiler and debugging environment of μClinux build. On this base, the general methods and points of the embedded system hardware design were summarized.
Design and Implement on Ultra Wide-Band Pulse Amplifier
Authors: Gao Fan , Chen Xue Qing
Published: June 2012

A Ultra Wide-Band pulse amplifier circuit based on module AH101 is designed firstly in the paper. Secondly the EMC design principle for Ultra Wide-Band pulse amplifier are described at details.In the end ,the test result of the amplifier is give out. It has some reference value for researchers who are interested in Ultra Wide-Band Pulse’s amplification.
Research of Intelligent Furniture Design
Authors: Li Xue Lian , Chen Jian Ming
Published: June 2012

Firstly,the article discessed intelligent furniture’s concept, characteristics and composition of the form.Secondly,it classified the intelligent furniture from different angles.According to the characteristics of intelligent furniture,we summed up the general design principles and methods of how to design the intelligent furniture.Finally,by the different function of use ,the design of intelligent furniture products were analyzed in detail.
Research on the Key Techniques for the Construction of a Digital Mine
Authors: Liang Xi , Seng De Wen
Published: June 2012

The application of digital technology is a trend that holds considerable promise as shown in many applications. This technology includes the means to integrate and interact with diverse multidimensional data. Digital mine (DM) is the result of integrating various disciplines including mine science, information science, computer science and 3S techniques, which will radically change the traditional mine production and our lifestyles. The functions and main characters of DM are analyzed. A framework for a DM operation system is provided. Key techniques concerned in the implementation of DM are discussed in detail. The future development of DM is prospected.
LED Display Panel Grayscale Modulation Based on Computer Calculation
Authors: Wang Rui Guang , Chang Feng
Published: June 2012

In order to improve the method of the LED display panel grayscale modulation, a method based on computer calculation is proposed. First, the development history and trends of the LED display panel are introduced. Second, present the structure of the LED display panel and the existed modulation method. Simultaneously, point out the ground for shortcomings of the existed method. Third, describe the principle modulation method based on computer calculation detail from two steps, which are the data signal transformation and the grayscale modulation. Forth, describe the realization steps of this method in accordance with the third step. Finally, this method is supplied in a LED display panel, whose resolution is 320×240. Experimental results show that this method is able to increase the grayscale from 14-bit to 16-bit, and can enhance the display result of the LED display panel significantly.
A Sensing Data Driven Clustering Algorithm for Adaptive Sampling in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Zhang Mei Yan , Cai Wen Yu , Zhou Li Ping
Published: June 2012

The objective of environmental observation with wireless sensor networks is to extract the synoptic structures of the phenomena of region of interest (ROI) in order to make effective predictive and analytical characterizations. Adaptive sampling strategy is regarded as a much promising method for improving energy efficiency in recent years. However, due to distributed characteristics of wireless sensor networks, adaptive sampling schemes should be operated in a distributed manner with clustering algorithm. In this paper, we dedicate to investigating appropriate sensing-aware clustering algorithm for adaptive sampling. The principle of SAC algorithm follows such metric: sensor nodes that are similar to each other in terms of their observed sensory data should be clustered into one group. Besides, sensor nodes will join in its nearest cluster for the sake of spatial correlation model with Euclidean physical distance. By emphasizing on the sensing-aware clustering, it helps to derive better spatial correlation to guarantee adaptive sampling. The simulation results verify SAC algorithm at the aspect of correlation factor.
Using VBA Technology to Develop Two-Dimensional Gallery System of Components of Injection Moulds for Plastics
Authors: Chen Cao Wei , Cai Li Jing
Published: June 2012

The development process and method of using VBA technology to develop two-dimensional gallery system of components of injection moulds for plastics taking ejector pin for example is described in detail, which includes establishing parameters database of components, design and calling of user interface, program and menu. The two-dimensional gallery system of components of injection moulds for plastics developed in AutoCAD can generate two-dimensional drawing automatically with the design parameters that user selects and it is convenient for user to plot.
Computer Assisted Surgical Simulation and Evaluation in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Hu Yan , Wei Jun , Feng Feng , Zong Xi Ju
Published: June 2012

A surgical and evaluation method in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with image-free navigation was presented. Firstly, video tracking module, bone reconstruction module and virtual simulation module of this system were discussed. Secondly, the coordinate relations of several surgery objects (including surgical instrument, anatomical, camera and screen) in the surgical environment, the tracking based on MicronTracker (MT) with two cameras and the bone surface real-time reconstruction based on the Delaunay algorithm were introduced in detail. Finally, experiments of anisometry measurement and virtual simulation on two plastics were carried out to verify the validity of the proposed method. The anisometry value of reconstructed ACL was 8.97 mm. The effectiveness of ACL reconstruction has been proved by preliminary evaluation trials.
The Effects of Fiber Volume Fraction on the Experiment Modal Behavior of 0°/90° Carbon Fiber Plain Woven Fabric/Epoxy Resin Composites
Authors: Gao Yan , Li Jia Lu
Published: June 2012

A study on dynamic mechanical properties of carbon fiber plain woven fabric (with fiber orientation of 0°/90°) / epoxy resin laminated composites with different fiber volume fraction was carried out. The test method is single input single output free vibration of cantilever beam hammering modal analysis method. The effect of different fiber volume fraction on the modal parameters of laminated composites was analyzed. The experimental results show that with the fiber volume fraction increasing, the natural frequency of laminated composites becomes larger and damping ratio becomes smaller. The fiber volume fraction is greater, the peak value of natural frequency becomes higher and the attenuating degree of acceleration’ amplitude becomes slower.
Mobile Tour Planning Using Landmark Photo Matching and Intelligent Character Recognition
Authors: Huang Cheng Ming , Liao Wen Hung , Chen Sheng Chih
Published: June 2012

The functionalities of smart phones have extended from basic voice communication to gaming, multimedia entertainment, information retrieval and location-based services. In this paper, we attempt to design a mobile application to assist visitors to have better understandings of popular tourist destinations and related routing information while on tour. The users can obtain descriptions of a specific attraction by simply taking the picture of a landmark photo often shown in the travel booklet using their mobile devices. This is achieved by matching the landmark picture with an image database containing popular tourist spots to locate the interested destination. The location information is further confirmed using techniques in intelligent character recognition. Upon successful identification of the interested location, tourist information regarding this destination, along with the routing details will be delivered using location-based service. We anticipate the proposed mobile application to effectively assist foreign visitors by bringing comprehensive, up-to-date tourist information and promoting better travel experience.
Applying Artificial Intelligence in CRM: Case Studies of Intelligent Virtual Agents and Pegasystems
Authors: Chen Te Fu
Published: June 2012

It is highly technical and specialized for AI research, and deeply divided into subfields that often fail to communicate with each other. Subfields have grown up around particular institutions, the work of individual researchers, the solution of specific problems, longstanding differences of opinion about how AI should be done and the application of widely differing tools. The central problems of AI include such traits as reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, communication, perception and the ability to move and manipulate objects. Currently, in the form of applications of AI, is slowly making its way out of laboratories into the mainstream market. The study reviews AI and CRM, the evolution of CRM: XRM, the applications of AI in CRM including customer support automation, automated online assistant and online and telephone customer service. Finally, the study examines the applications of AI in CRM via two case studies of Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVAs) and Pegasystems to link the theories and practices.
Network Coordinates-Based Request Routing Approach to Improve Multimedia Content Delivery
Authors: Hui Wen , Zhao Hai Ying , Lin Chuang , Yang Yang
Published: June 2012

In order to solve the problem of large-scale multimedia content delivery, we present Multimedia Content Delivery Network (MM-CDN). For providing multimedia services with high quality in MM-CDN, the traditional request routing approaches in CDN face two key challenges, namely performance and cost. To balance the tradeoff between performance and cost in MM-CDN, we propose an improved request routing approach. First, based on the idea of network coordinates, the computation and transfer costs of different server clusters are computed depending on the network and server status change. Then, all the server clusters are reorganized in the coordinate space. Finally, user requests can be adaptively redirected to the server clusters with minimum cost without sacrificing performance. Computational results show that the effectiveness of our approach with acceptable time performance.
Research of GIS System Development Mapx and SQL Server
Authors: Lou Ya Bin , Pu Tian Hong , Gu Hong Sheng
Published: June 2012

This paper expounds the key technology and related process of GIS system development using Mapx and SQL server, combining with the characteristics of GIS. Detailed implementations are given using Database storage technology for ground objective graphics primitive vector data, and then explain the interaction between ground objective graphics primitive data and property data.
Simulation and Computation of Diffusion in Solids
Authors: Hou Zhi Hong , Luo Shi Yong
Published: June 2012

A computation software on diffusion computation in solids was developed. The software includes two sub-modules of “database management system (DBMS)” and "Evaluation & prediction". The “DBMS” deals with the diffusion coefficients gathered from reported documents and the data evaluated according to some rules, besides, it can provide users with retrieval of diffusion coefficients. Based on the solutions to the Fick’s first law and the Fick’s second law in the four typical critical conditions, the "Evaluation & prediction" sub-module gives the predication of concentration distribution after diffusion process in solids or computation for diffusion coefficient.
Modeling Urban Eco-Environment Control through Zoning
Authors: Chang Hsiao Tung
Published: June 2012

This article proposes a simulate-based model that explains urban eco-environment change through zoning control tools. It readjusts some items of zoning control, such as building coverage ratio, green plot ratio, and water areas ratio, then simulates its effect for local climate indicator, hydrology indicator, carbon storage and sequestration, biodiversity indicator etc. The results showed that the greatest influence on ecological performance was increasing green plot ratios, and it also has a multiple effect when particularly use cumulative methods.
Intelligent Multivariable Decision-Making System for Complicated Industrial Process Control
Authors: Dai Kun , Xiang Bo , Zhou Ping
Published: June 2012

Complicated industrial processes are generally characterized by being multivariable, non-linearity, severe coupling, large-time delay and time-variance. As such, it is difficult to achieve a satisfactory performance using a conventional control method. In this paper, an intelligent multivariable decision-making system for mineral grinding process control is proposed with the case-based reasoning (CBR). This intelligent decision system can auto-adjust the set-points of the process controllers according to the operational conditions. As long as the process control system tracks their adjusted set-points, the closed-loop control of grinding particle size is achieved. The industrial application in a mineral processing plant shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Standardization and System Implementation of Cutting Parameter Selection Process
Authors: Bai Yu , Cao Yan , Zhang Xiao Fen
Published: June 2012

The goal of the paper is to design a system that helps to select cutting parameters in cutting processes. The approach is based on industrial engineering methods. The result is the parameters that take into account all the existing restrictive factors. First, a reasonable process to select cutting parameters is proposed. And then, the corresponding tools are designed. To achieve the standardization of the resources and process of cutting parameter selection, the resource contents and query actions are made in a uniform form. Finally, the selection of cutting parameters is realized within a flow management framework. It provides a scientific basis for selecting cutting parameters in actual production
Time Series Forecasting Model of Ground Surface Deformation for Coal Mine Shaft
Authors: Sun Jia Long , Guo Jin Yun
Published: June 2012

Some displacement and deformation for the mine shaft over past many years’ working may occur, which will cause heavy harm to both shaft itself and workers in well. Curtain grouting is one of efficient methods to protect the shaft and the earth’s surface around the shaft from the harm. The deformation caused by grouting around mine shaft is monitored with a reasonable scheme and the monitoring data are processed with the time-series theory to analyze and forecast the dangerous deformation. The paper analysis different time series of different monitoring points, finds the degree of forecast precision and the nicety ratio of forecast model are best.
Numerical Simulation of Two-Phase Flow inside and outside a Swirl Nozzle for Dispersing Superfine Powder
Authors: Shi Wei Dong , Zhang Liang , He Hai Yan , Liu Jiang Hai , Chen Liang
Published: June 2012

In this paper, a swirl nozzle is established to disperse superfine powder aerodynamically. And Reynolds stress model (RSM) is adopted to simulate the strongly swirling, compressible and transonic gas flow in the nozzle and its rear. Combined with discrete phase model (DPM), the concentration distribution of particle group in size of 2.5μm is studied. The simulated results show that, the distribution of swirl strength is determined basically by the nozzle structure, while the total pressure has little effect on it; compared with an irrotational nozzle, the swirl nozzle could achieve a better dispersing effect for superfine powder.
Modeling and Optimization for Steel Grade Selection Based on Hierarchical Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Yi Jian , Du Bin , Liu Qiang , Lin Yun , Huang Ke Wei
Published: June 2012

In steel-making process, when a furnace is charged, there are many optional steel grades for each slab. It is a difficult problem to select the appropriate steel grade for each slab. In this paper, based on the analysis of technics constraints in steel-making process, the steel grade intensivism problem is described, and the mathematical model is also established. To solve the above problem, a newly designed hierarchical genetic algorithm is proposed, where the hierarchical manner is used to decrease the solution space. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by a simulation. The optimal solution can be obtained in reasonable time, which will be helpful to decrease the scraps between two steel grades while casting, to decrease the sum of surplus, and eventually to cut down the stock.
Printed Quality and Color Management for Metal Sheet Printing
Authors: Kajondecha P. , Tipsotnaiyana Nitus , Burana T.
Published: June 2012

The paper aims to analyst metal sheet printed quality based on ISO12647-2 and color gamut mapping of metal sheet digital proof. ECI2002CMYK test chart was printed on white color coating-metal sheet in 3-density levels with -.1 density differences and the printed quality then was analyzed in various factors. A density level that achieved ISO12647-2 standard quality was selected as the base line for ICC profile for color gamut mapping. Based on this color gamut mapping, the metal sheet digital proof was produced by ink-jet printer through Color Management program. The result showed that metal sheet digital proof appropriate for metal sheet printing simulation.
Reciprocating Compressor Fault Classify Base on Multi-Component Singular Entropy
Authors: Yuan Yu , Wang Ting Yu , Li Bao Liang
Published: June 2012

Condition monitoring of reciprocating machines through the analysis of their vibrations has been recognized to be a difficult issue, essentially because of the strong nonlinearity of the vibration signals. A new method of multi-component singular entropy is put forward to resolve this problem. Local Wave method is combined with Singular Entropy to extract features from the IMF of the vibration signals of reciprocating machines. And the features will be used as the input of ANFIS to classify and recognize the fault mode. The results are classified correctly. The conclusion shows that this method is feasible.
A Joint Chip Equalization Adaptive Rake Receiver for DS-CDMA UWB Systems over ISI Channels
Authors: Wang Feng , Ji Xuan De
Published: June 2012

There is serious inter-symbol interference (ISI) when ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless communication systems work at high data speed since there is much larger channel delay spread. The serious ISI becomes a major factor that affects the performance of UWB systems. In this paper, suppression ISI is developed for direct sequence spread-code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) UWB systems with a high data speed, and a joint chip equalization adaptive Rake (JCE-Rake) receiver is proposed. The proposed JCE-Rake receiver spreads the number of traditional Rake receiver taps to collect multi-path component and equalize the inter-chip interference simultaneously. Then the soft output of JCE-Rake receiver is despreaded with the user's spreading code. Finally the decision is made to recover the transmitted symbol. The simulation results verify that ISI is suppressed effectively and the system performance is improved evidently.
Research on Color Feature Selection Using Genetic Algorithm in Robot Soccer
Authors: Luan Xin , Chen Ming , Sun Zheng Yuan , Song Da Lei , Ge Lei Hua , Wang Li
Published: June 2012

Feature selection is a hot topic in the field of pattern recognition. In this paper, we present a new feature selection algorithm which is used on the soccer robot MT-R for the ball recognition. The illumination invariant color feature set is defined based on the dichromatic reflection. By means of genetic algorithm we determine the most discriminating color feature subset. Experimental results show that the proposed color feature subset achieves high object recognition accuracy.
Developing the Driver Module for PCI Board Using RT-LAB Software
Authors: Chang Xiao Fei , Li Meng Meng , Yan Ji
Published: June 2012

The RT-LAB real-time simulation software can expediently and rapidly apply the Simulink model to the hard-in-the-loop simulation system and greatly save the expenses for development, experiment and measurement, thus cutting down the development cycle. The use of the self-made PCI board in the RT-LAB software requires the development of its driver module by the user himself. This paper presents the idea and development processes of the PCI bus-based board driver with the RT-LAB software. Taking as an example the NI-6230 multifunctional data acquisition board driver, the paper also presents the PCI board driver's key codes and their compilation with the RT-LAB software.
Intrusion Detection Method Based on Support Vector Machine with Pre-Extracting Support Vector
Authors: Shi Guang , Sun Li Min , Wang Xiao Ju , Yu Sheng Chen , Guo Hui , Huang Jiang Lan
Published: June 2012

Intrusion detection algorithm based on support vector machine with pre-extracting support vector is proposed which combines the center distance ratio and classification algorithm. Given proper thresholds, we can use the support vector as a substitute for the training examples. Then the scale of dataset is decreased and the performance of support vector machine is improved in the detection rate and the training time. The experiment result has shown that the IDS based on support vector machine with pre-extracting support needs less training time under the same detection performance condition.
Research on Rapid Detection Algorithm Based on Property Choosing Tree
Authors: Feng Neng Shan , Yang Zhong Ming
Published: June 2012

The construction method used by detection engine Snort-NG based on ID3 decision tree has the problem of excessive memory occupancy. The idea that the test properties are chosen according to the gradation of rule property in network protocol stack was presented in this paper; that is, the property of link layer first determined, and then network layer and transport layer. The atomicity of the value of these properties were preserved and the values of these properties were treated as a whole. The results of experiment showed that the occupancy of memory was much less in the state of non-trivial property being very common with this approach.
Parameterized Design for the Furniture Product Based on Solidworks
Authors: Su Dan , Shen Jun , Zhao Hong Mei
Published: June 2012

A method for parameterized design of Furniture product was presented and the Software Solidworks was further developed with VC++6.0 in this paper. Under the supporting of Solidworks, it was realized to vary the parameters of product to generate new one. As a result, the time and cost for the product development could be reduced greatly.
An Optimization of Vehicle Frontal System Design for Pedestrian Safety
Authors: Liu Wei Guo , Yu Tao , Fang Han , Zhao Frank , Han Qing Kai
Published: June 2012

As people paying more attention to the automotive safety performance, the car manufacturers bring steady improvement in the pedestrian protection of vehicle. This paper contains a new type of energy absorber used for lower leg-form impact by concept design method through Madymo (MAthematical DYnamic MOdel). Finally it is validated by full FE analysis. This new type of energy absorber can improve the performance of lower leg-form impact; also provide a design reference for vehicle's frontal system design.
The Study on Landscape Architecture Rebuilding Design in City Wasteland
Authors: Yu Zhi Nan
Published: June 2012

The paper illuminates the designed automatic weld control system. The RAC calibration arithmetic considering radial distortion is introduced, and according to the actual conditions of this weld system, the inchoate rapid calibration arithmetic is designed. Finally combined with the precision characteristic of the non-linear RAC calibration arithmetic and the concision characteristic of the inchoate rapid arithmetic, the improved automatic calibration arithmetic with six parameters is proposed, which achieves satisfied result.
Research on Solar Energy Technology Application for Residential Buildings in Severe Cold Regions
Authors: Zhao Hui
Published: June 2012

Under the present major circumstances of global energy crisis and earth environmental degradation, as a country with rapid economic development, China has an increasing demand for energy. One way to solve this problem in China is to promote the development of clean renewable energy. This research takes this view as a starting point and discusses the solar energy application methods and the possibility focusing on the solar energy application status and problems for residential buildings in severe cold regions. At first, we carry out the theoretical discussion on the solar energy residence, and discuss the solar energy comprehensive utilization for multi-floor buildings and the methods and possibilities of building integration design, so as to play an instructive role in the solar energy comprehensive utilization research and practical application in our severe cold regions.
Comparative Thermodynamic Analysis of Gas Turbine Systems with Turbine Blade Film Cooling
Authors: Kim Kyoung Hoon , Kim Kyoung Jin , Han Chul Ho
Published: June 2012

Since the gas turbine systems require active cooling to maintain high operating temperature while avoiding a reduction in the system operating life, turbine blade cooling is very important and essential but it may cause the performance losses in gas turbine. This paper deals with the comparative thermodynamic analysis of gas turbine system with and without regeneration by using the recently developed blade-cooling model when the turbine blades are cooled by the method of film cooling. Special attention is paid to investigating the effects of system parameters such as pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature on the thermodynamic performance of the systems. In both systems the thermal efficiency increases with turbine inlet temperature, but its effect is less sensitive in simpler system
Application of the Soft-Sensing Technique Based on Neural Network to Pulp Washing Process
Authors: Tang Wei , Shan Wen Juan
Published: June 2012

The most important quality indexes to evaluate pulp washing performance are residual soda for the washed pulp and the Baume degree for the yielded thick black liquor. However, the two requirements are incompatible. In view of the existing problem of the former control system of the pulp washing process, an adaptive soft-sensor instrument for measuring residual soda and Baume degree is proposed. Voluminous plant operation data collected by DCS and simulated results from a theoretical model are pooled together and used to build the adaptive soft-sensor instrument based on the BP neural network and least square method. Application of the soft-sensor technique in pulp washing control system shows that the control system can run smoothly over a long period in worksites, and has realized the close-loop control of pulp washing quality.
Effect of Apatite Wollastonite Glass Ceramic Addition on Brushite Bone Cement Containing Chitosan
Authors: Srakaew N. , Rattanachan Sirirat T.
Published: June 2012

Apatite wollastonite glass ceramic (AW-GC) (34.2% SiO2, 44.9% CaO, 16.3%P2O5, 4.6% MgO, 0.5% CaF2) was added into a brushite bone cement, which composed of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca3(PO4)2, β-TCP) and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (Ca (H2PO4)2H2O, MCPM) in powder phases. Cement was prepared using a 3 β-TCP:2 MCPM in weight ratio. To evaluate the effect of AW-GC on the mechanical strength and degradability of brushite bone cement, the powder phases and 1 wt.% of chitosan dissolved in 5 wt.% of citric acid solution were mixed and soaked in simulated body fluid solution at 37 °C for 1, 3, 5,7 and 14 days, respectively. The compressive strength and setting time of AW-GC added in brushite bone cement were studied and compared with pure brushite cement. The pH values increased with addition of AW-GC. Additionally, the obtained brushite bone cements were characterized by XRD, SEM techniques.
Polymers, Biomanufacturing and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Mitchell G.R. , Domingos M. , Bartolo Paulo J.
Published: June 2012

Polymers have a major contribution to make in the field of regenerative medicine in order to develop and deploy biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve tissue function. There are realistic opportunities to create tissues using an engineered extracellular matrix or scaffold and biologically active molecules. A number of different approaches to preparing scaffolds have been explored and the requirements for materials and personalization identified. We review the methodologies and materials available and report on recent work at the CDRSP to integrate and provide control of the processes to provide a realistic biomanufacturing process.
Preparation of Chitosan-Thiamine Pyrophosphate/Polyvinyl Alcohol Blend Electrospun Nanofibers
Authors: Charernsriwilaiwat Natthan , Rojanarata Theerasak , Ngawhirunpat Tanasait , Opanasopit Praneet
Published: June 2012

Electrospinning of chitosan (CS) has been interested due to the excellent properties of CS such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, antibacterial and non toxic. In this study, chitosan-thiamine pyrophosphate (CS-TPP)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend nanofibers were prepared using electrospinning techniques without acidic and organic solvent. CS was dissolved with TPP aqueous solution and then blended with PVA solution at various weight ratios. Physicochemical properties of CS-TPP/PVA solution such as viscosity, conductivity and surface tension were evaluated. The morphology and diameter of the electrospun fiber mats were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical structure was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The morphology and diameter of the nanofibers were mainly affected by the weight ratio of the blend polymers. Nanofibers were obtained when the CS-TPP content was less than 50 % wt. The average diameter of the nanofibers was 99.91-216.42 nm, and the fiber diameter decreased with increasing CS-TPP content. Cytotoxicity tests in human fibroblast cells showed that the fibers had low toxic to the cells. In conclusion, these CS electrospun nanofiber mats can be applied for the wound dressing or transdermal drug delivery systems.
Properties of Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) Blends in the Presence of Antioxidant
Authors: Pukpanta P. , Sirisinha K.
Published: June 2012

Environmental responsibility is increasing in importance to both consumers and industries. Biopolymer like poly (lactic acid); PLA is an interesting polymer to replace existing petroleum-based material. PLA is very rigid but inherently brittle and easily thermal degraded during processing. To improve the toughness of PLA, poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate); PBAT is widely used. This study focuses on the properties of PLA/PBAT blends. The effects of blend composition on the morphology and properties of PLA/PBAT blends were investigated. Also, the use of Irganox antioxidant in improving blend properties is reported. The results showed that the morphology and properties of the blends depend strongly on blend composition. SEM analysis revealed a co-continuous structure in the blend with 50% PLA. The co-continuous structure remained after the addition of Irganox antioxidant. The addition of antioxidant led to a significant improvement in tensile and thermal properties of the blend. The elongation at break and decomposition temperature of the 50/50 blend increased markedly after 0.3% Irganox antioxidant was added.
Association Behavior of the Synthetic Protein-Lipid Complex Analogues
Authors: Punyamoonwongsa P. , Tighe B.J.
Published: June 2012

Hypercoiling poly (styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) is known to undergo conformational transition in response to environmental stimuli. This behavior allows it to associate with the phospholipid,2-dilauryl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLPC) to produce nanostructures analogous to lipoproteins. The complex represents a new bio-mimetic delivery vehicle with applications in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. This study investigates, for the first time, the association behavior of PSMA and DLPC through the combination of different analytical techniques. The results indicate that the association is primarily driven by hydrophobic interactions and depends on various factors including the polymer/lipid ratio, the polymer molecular weight and the pH of the aqueous environment. The conformational transition of PSMA leads to the formation of discrete micellar complexes involving anisotropic-to-isotropic lipid phase transformation. As the number of hydrophobic moieties in the polymer is increased, the pH-dependent conformational transition of the polymer plays less important part in achieving this phase transition of the lipid.
Characteristics of 45S5 Bioglass-Ceramics Using Natural Raw Materials
Authors: Leenakul W. , Pisitpipathsin N. , Kantha P. , Tawichai N. , Tigunta S. , Eitssayeam S. , Rujijanagul G. , Pengpat Kamonpan , Munpakdee A.
Published: June 2012

The aim of this work was to analyze the effect of using rice husk ash (RHA) and bovine bone as raw materials of glass-ceramics based on the SiO2-Na2O-CaO-P2O5system on their physical, mechanical properties and bioactivity. All of the investigated compositions were prepared by melting the glass mixtures at 1300°C for 3 h. The resulting glass samples were heated at different temperatures ranging from 600 to 1000°C with fixed dwell-time for 2 h for crystallization. Phase identification of the prepared glass ceramics was carried out by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. In addition, in vitro test was carried out in stimulated body fluid (SBF). Differential thermal analysis (DTA) showed that the glass transition occurred at 505°C and crystallization at 700°C. The main crystalline phase form in most glass ceramics is a sodium calcium silicate. The optimum heat treatment temperature, at which the maximum mechanical value (620 HV) could be obtained, is around 1000°C. After incubation in SBF for 7 days, all of the samples show good bioactivity in vitro, as evident by the formation of bone like apatite phase.
Synthesis and Characterisation of PLA-CO-PEG Copolymers
Authors: Thanomsilp C. , Phetthianchai U.
Published: June 2012

PLA-co-PEG copolymers synthesized through ring opening polymerization between a lactide monomer and PEG were solution-cast into films. The effect of the molecular weight of PEG and also the percentage of added PEG on the properties of the copolymers were studied. The molecular weight of PEG was 4000, 8000, and 20000 while the percentage of added PEG was varied from 10 to 50 mol%. The NMR spectrums confirmed that the ratio of PLA:PEG in the copolymers are close to the monomer feed of the respective monomers. DSC and TGA results showed that, compared to PLA, the PLA-co-PEG copolymers have slightly lower melting temperatures but similar thermal degradation temperatures. Both molecular weights and the percentage added of PEG influenced the properties of the films. As expected, the tensile strength and Youngs modulus of the PLA-co-PEG copolymer films were lower than that of neat PLA. Conversely, theelongation at break of the copolymer film was higher than that of the PLA when the molecular weight of PEG was 20000. This study suggests that high molecular weight PEG could be used to improve the flexibility of the polymer films.
Property Development of Hydroxyapatite Ceramics by Two-Step Sintering
Authors: Panyata S. , Eitssayeam Sukum , Rujijanagul Gobwute , Tunkasiri Tawee , Pengpat Kamonpan
Published: June 2012

In this research, the two-step sintering method was employed to develop the physical properties of Hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics. HA powder was extracted from bovine bone and vibro-milling method was used to make the fine particles. For the two-step sintering process, the samples were heated up to the first step temperature (T1=1200°C) for 6 min then the temperature was lowered down to second step temperatures (T2=1150°C and 1100°C) for 5, 10 and 15 h. Another set of samples were heated up to the first step temperature (T1=1250°C) for 6 min then the temperature was lowered down to second step temperature (T2=1150°C) for 5, 10 and 15 h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was carried out for investigating the phase formation in the prepared ceramics. Physical properties of the prepared ceramics were studied such as porosity, density by Archimedess principle. It is found that most of the samples exhibit Ca5(PO4)3(OH) phase with JCPDS number 09-0432. The first step temperature plays the most roles on controlling the density of HA ceramics than T2and dwell times. Microstructures of the HA powder and ceramics were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM).The feasibility in using the prepared ceramics for bone replacement applications was discussed.
The Preparation and Morphology of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Ceramics
Authors: Saiwanich P. , Pengpat Kamonpan , Rujijanagul G. , Intatha U. , Eitssayeam Sukum
Published: June 2012

In this work, thepreparation and morphology of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) have been studied. The biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics were prepared by mixing between hydroxyapatite (HA) and Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) powderby ball milling technique with different ratios (100:0,80:20,60:40,50:50,40:60, 20:80 and 0:100). After that the mixtures were forming by Gel casting method and then sintered at 1200°C, respectively. The phase formation of the biphasic calcium phosphateceramics were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and their ceramic microstructure,shrinkage and density were investigated.
Synthesized Silica Powder from Rice Husk for Printing Raw Materials Application
Authors: Tipsotnaiyana Nitus , Jarupan Lerpong , Pechyen C.
Published: June 2012

Rice husk is a form of agricultural biomass that provides an abundant silicon dioxides source. This study use rice husk ash as a material to prepare silica. Silica powder has been synthesized by the refluxing of rice husk ash with HCl 1,2 and 3 M at different time (60 and 120 min.) and subsequently adjusting the pH using 1 M. NaOH. The silicon dioxide extraction yield reached 85% and was effect by concentration of HCl solution and reaction time. The structure of the obtained silica powder were characterized by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), CIE L*a*b* (Visible spectrophotometer) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The highest purity of silica sample were 98.7% SiO2, CIE L*a*b* = 94.79 +0.48 +1.24, ∆E ≈ 3.28 (white power) and 2Ɵ = 22o (silica). Particle had a uniform size less than 3 μm. The objective of the next study will applied synthesized silica that enhances the print quality of the printing substrates.
Preparation of Polycaprolactone/Ethanolic Extract Propolis Nanofibers Films
Authors: Sutjarittangtham Krit , Sanpa S. , Tunkasiri Tawee , Rachtanapun Pornchai , Chantawannakul P. , Intatha Uraiwan , Pengpat Kamonpan , Rujijanagul Gobwute , Eitssayeam Sukum
Published: June 2012

Recent years, propolis has plenty of biological and pharmacological properties and its mechanisms of action have been widely investigated. There is a substantive database on the biological activity and toxicity of propolis indicating it may have many antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral and antitumor properties, among other attributes. The one-step incorporation of propolis into nanofibrous mats of polycaprolactone (PCL) by electrospinning was demonstrated. In this research, the preparation of the PCL nanofibers films added ethanolic extract propolis (EEP) by electrospinning technique was studied. The EEP content was varied from 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%. The morphology was observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The functional group was investigated by FT-IR
Effect of Galactomannan on the Dynamic Properties of Xyloglucan Aqueous Solution
Authors: Sittikijyothin Wancheng
Published: June 2012

Xyloglucan and Galactomannan as biopolymers were extracted from mature seeds of Tamarindus indica L. and Cassia fistula, respectively. They are natural hydrocolloid which widely applied as thickening, stabilizing, gelling agents in many industries due to its specific functional properties when dissolving in water. In this study, the effect of galactomannan addition on dynamic properties of xyloglucan aqueous solution was investigated at 20°C by using a Haake Rheometer RS75. The low concentration of xyloglucan solution (3.13wt%) was interested and fixed while the concentrations of galactomannan aqueous solutions were varied from 0.5 to 2.78wt%. The results showed that both pure hydrocolloids and their mixed solutions presented the typical shape for macromolecular solutions: loss modulus (G´´) > storage modulus (G´) at studied frequencies. The magnitudes of both moduli (G´, G´´) of the mixed system were enhanced when higher galactomannan solution (2.78wt%) adding, resulting the higher viscous of galactomannan solution than that xyloglucan solution.
Polyelectrolyte-Enhanced Ultrafiltration (PEUF) Process for Low Level Arsenic Removal: Recovery of Polyelectrolyte from Retentate Stream
Authors: Pookrod P. , Dungkaew W. , Un-Arn P. , Haller K.J.
Published: June 2012

Removal of low levels of arsenic from contaminated water using the polyelectrolyte-enhanced ultrafiltration or PEUF process technology has been studied. The cationic polyelectrolyte poly (diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride), PDADMAC, was utilized to bind arsenic (in the form of arsenate anion) in contaminated water and the polyelectrolyte-arsenate complex solution was then filtered off (as retentate) by ultrafiltration. The 99-99.9% arsenic removal from synthetic low level arsenic (100 ppb) contaminated water demonstrates that the technology can easily achieve the relatively new international arsenic maximum concentration level of 10 ppb. To make the PEUF process more economical and environmentally friendly, the PDADMAC in the retentate must be recovered. Precipitation of PDADMAC-arsenate solutions with divalent cations has been studied to separate out metal-arsenate compounds leaving free PDADMAC to reuse in the process. The metal-arsenate compound precipitation is strongly affected by divalent metal:As molar ratio, and pH of the solution. The precipitation results also suggest that polyelectrolyte retards formation of the metal-arsenate compounds and affects the size and morphology of the particles formed, thus directly affecting the sedimentation rate of the resulting precipitate.