bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SYNTHETIC WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS: EFFECT OF OIL COMPOSITION ON STABILITY AND DEMULSIFIER PERFORMANCE
Authors: Ferreira M. R. , Reis G. S. M. , Nunes R. C. P. , Lucas E. F.
Published: July 2024

Stable water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions are undesirable from an operational standpoint, with the asphaltenes present in petroleum being considered the main stabilizers of these emulsions. Demulsifiers are agents added to destabilize these emulsions. The objective of this work is to evaluate the stability of w/o emulsions formed from an oil phase with different polarities (kerosene and toluene) containing asphaltene fractions C3I, C5I, and C7I, and how these systems affect the action of a demulsifier additive. Systems containing asphaltenes in toluene were more stable when using the C7I fraction due to its greater polarity and, consequently, considerable action at the interface. With the oil phase composed of a less polar solvent (kerosene), the C3I fraction increased the stability of the emulsion by reducing the action of the demulsifying additive, with an upper asphaltenes concentration limit of 1.0% observed where the action of the demulsifying agent was affected.
Study of the Effectiveness of the Removal of Heavy Metals from the Irrigation Canal with Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Neu-trosophic Statistics
Authors: Núñez Juan Clímaco O. ,   National University of Central Perú, Camayo-Lapa Becquer F. , Ingaruca-Álvarez Ever F. , Alvarado Erick A. Huamán , Mancilla Humberto Dax B. , Orellana Julio Cesar Álvarez , Ledesma Katia Ninozca F. ,   National University of Central Perú,   National University of Central Perú,   National University of Central Perú,   National University of Central Perú,   National University of Central Perú,   César Vallejo University. Perú
Published: July 2024

For the treatment of contamination produced by the variant presence of heavy metals such as lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and arsenic (As) in the waters of the Irrigation Canal of the Left Bank of the Mantaro River (CI-MIRM is Spanish), a purification procedure was carried out using different doses of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2) and evaluating their effectiveness in the elimination of these metals in the aforementioned mass of water. As a first step, the water from the CIMIRM canal was characterized using Modular Ultraviolet-Visible Spec-trophotometry techniques with high NIR sensitivity and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), to measure the concentrations of heavy metals. Additionally, an analysis of the CeO2 nanoparticles was ca-rried out using techniques to confirm their size and structure. The efficacy of the treatment was determined sta-tistically using a four-stage four-factor factorial design, comparing the differences in the control groups and tar-get groups. The classic statistical test used is the Wilcoxon rank sum test. One of the problems of the simulation of the study carried out in the laboratory is the lack of accuracy because the concentration of heavy metals in the Mantaro River varies during the year. This is why a single crisp value is not enough to study the effectiveness of treatments. One solution to this problem is to use Neutrosophic Statistics, where the data is replaced by Neutro-sophic Numbers or intervals instead of crisp values.
Monetary Policy, Capital Regulation and Systemic Risk in Commercial Banks: Evidence from in China
Authors: Zhou Kaiyue
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the impact of monetary policy and capital regulation on commercial banks' systemic risk using a fixed panel model with data from 16 listed commercial banks in China from Q1 2011 to Q4 2019. The results show that both quantity-based monetary policy instruments, represented by currency issuance, and price-based monetary policy instruments, represented by interest rates, affect systemic risk. And they both show that accommodative monetary policies amplify commercial banks systemic risk. Besides, capital regulation has a dampening effect on systemic risk, and the intensity of regulation moves inversely with systemic risk. In addition, there is a synergistic effect between monetary policy and capital regulation. Furthermore, a symbiotic relationship exists between monetary policy and capital regulation. The findings of this study assist nations in managing systemic financial risks through macroeconomic policies.
Innovations and Future Development Pathways of Internet Finance Asset Securitization in China: A Case Study of Ant Group
Authors: Yao Yuyan , Yi Guanrui , Xu Jian , Liu Siyu
Published: July 2024

With the evolution of the Internet age, e-commerce giants have established small loan entities to accommodate the booming B2C business model. While these online small loan providers retain the traditional attributes of their counterparts, they are adept at addressing the financing needs of micro-enterprises and individuals. Furthermore, these digital lenders have a broader reach in terms of geography and demographic distribution and possess enhanced capabilities to assess borrowers' creditworthiness. Such strengths make them well-suited for asset securitization, an emerging financing approach. This paper will analyze China International Capital Corporation -Ant Financial special asset management program which is one of the important asset securitizations of Internet small loan in China. The analysis will focus on the basic features and innovations of the structure of the securities. In addition, various economic indicators of Ant Financial will be considered to analyze the effectiveness and risks of Ant asset securitization. This study provides both theoretical and practical insights into Ant Financial Services asset securitization. Moreover, the research has analyzed the reasons behind the suspension of Ant Group's IPO, its subsequent rectifications, as well as the future trends of internet finance in China, providing beneficial reference for other companies.
Research on the Assessment Method of College Students' Financial Difficulty Index in the Context of Big Data Based on AHP Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Muyan
Published: July 2024

The emergence of big data has allowed researchers to study people's financial struggles in greater detail. Among various kinds of difficulties, the financial barriers preventing low-income children from enrolling in higher education have received significant attention. Therefore, this paper uses the AHP algorithm and proposes a college student poverty index assessment method, aiming to provide a reference basis for the normal enrollment of children from low-income families by comprehensively analyzing various factors. This paper first constructs a hierarchical model to decompose the college student poverty problem into multiple influencing factors. Then, the AHP algorithm was utilized to calculate each factor's weights and consistency test, and each factor's relative importance was derived. As a result, each college student's poverty index was calculated using the comprehensive score method. The results show that the assessment method can reflect the degree of economic and social difficulties of college students from low-income families with better accuracy, providing a reliable reference value for promoting them in regular college enrollment. At the same time, the method can also be used in the government's formulation of poverty alleviation policies and the school's educational assistance work.
Marketing Strategies Comparison for Cartier and Pandora in the Chinese Market------Based on the 4P Model
Authors: Luo Zhuoli , Feng Yuanhan , Yu Yaqi , Mo Han
Published: July 2024

China has a large population. As the most populous country in the world, it is a market favored by various jewelry brands. At the same time, jewelry brands have always been a hot field. There are many well-known jewelry brands worldwide, such as Cartier, Pandora, Swarovski, Bulgari...Cartier and Pandora have different positioning of their jewelry brands, but they also gain the favor of many consumers. This article will use different data to explain why Pandora and Cartier occupy the jewelry market share in China and use 4P marketing methods to compare their marketing methods and their advantages and disadvantages.
Review of Firm Strategy: Relate to Firm Development
Authors: Lyu Duanning
Published: July 2024

The effective implementation of firm strategies plays an essential role in the achievement and sustained viability of businesses. This review study provides a comprehensive exploration of various dimensions of firm strategies, encompassing both their internal and external determinants of impact. The examination extends to an analysis of positive and negative ramifications that engender at the firm level and lists a practical example illustrating the application of these strategies, shedding light on their real-world relevance. The paper underscores the critical role of well-crafted firm strategies in shaping the fate of organizations. It emphasizes the need for continuous adaptation in response to evolving business environments, thereby providing a roadmap for firms aiming to secure their position and thrive in the contemporary marketplace.
Forecast Analysis of Luxury Groups' Future Sales Priority Orientation in China
Authors: Huang Bo
Published: July 2024

In recent years, the global luxury market has increasingly adapted to the "new normal," in 2017, the luxury market began to recover and return to healthy growth. Based on this, it is necessary to study the luxury industry to respond to market changes. Firstly, we analyze the overview and development status of the luxury industry and study the market structure-behaviour-performance of the luxury industry based on the framework of the SCP analysis paradigm. Secondly, we analyze the characteristics of China's luxury market, such as the diversification of consumer groups and the upgrading of the consumption structure. And lastly, based on the above study, we make an outlook for the luxury industry. Finally, based on the above research, the outlook of the luxury industry is given, and appropriate suggestions are given.
A Study of Asian Chooser Options in a General Two-Period Binomial Model
Authors: Sun Yurong , Zhang Yufan , Jiang Zhouqi
Published: July 2024

Asian options are also known as average price options, and their strike price is the average price of the stock in the market half a day before the strike. Binomial model is a good model to identify the value of options, The paper develops the theory of Asian chooser options in the two-period binomial model. There are Asian call options, and Asian put options. We first derive the binomial model of the Asian option and get the portfolio function. After that, we get the number of bond and stock, Nb and Ns. We study the problem via five different cases in the two-period Binomial model. In these five cases, we choose the maximum value between Asian put and call options. Then, we decide whether they are call options or put options. Then, we calculate the number of portfolios in these five cases in the two-period binomial model. Finally, we implemented the whole project with Python.
Advantages of the Decentralized Sharing Economy - Take Ethereum Platform as an Example
Authors: Hu Qiyao , Huang Youran , Chen Yuheng , Zheng Boxiu , Zhu Yuxuan
Published: July 2024

In this era of rapid development of online transactions and platform economies, many companies operate as intermediaries between Party A and Party B in transactions and gain profits from every transaction. The "middleman", that is, the intermediary, mainly introduces Party A's resources in the form of a platform and allows more users to see and understand Party A's resource information. Platform users, that is, Party B, can save them from searching for the resources they want during the intermediary's promotion and introduction. time cost; however, some intermediaries take advantage of the process of transferring Party B's money to Party A as an intermediary and use some unfair means to obtain profits that exceed their original gains in the transaction as an intermediary, thus causing information between Party A and Party B. Asymmetry creates ambiguity, leading to serious problems in transactions. In this work, we will discuss the advantages of the decentralized sharing economy. Furthermore, this paper will focus on analyzing the shortcomings of intermediary operations in contemporary society from the perspective that intermediaries need to spend a lot of time and economic costs to establish credibility, the lack of intermediaries which are controlled artificially, and the friction of platform p2p transactions. Targeting the above three aspects, the paper will also explain and analyze the operating model of Ethereum to demonstrate that Ethereum is a better online transaction model that can replace the artificial intermediary model in contemporary times.
“ONE IS GOOD, TWO ARE GREAT!”: colaboração e extensão na formação de professores de Língua Inglesa
Authors: Audi Luciana Cristina da Costa , Scheidegger Paulo Henrique , Reis Fernanda
Published: July 2024

O presente trabalho tem o intuito de analisar a formação de professores de Língua Inglesa na perspectiva colaborativa desenvolvida por meio de um projeto de extensão em uma universidade do interior do Estado da Bahia durante o período de isolamento da pandemia da Covid-19. Este estudo está fundamentado nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos do Ensino Colaborativo (coensino e diálogos cogerativo) como metodologia de formação no projeto. Considerando a linguagem como mediadora de nossas práticas e constituintes de nossas identidades e subjetividades, utilizamos da Análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin (1977) para analisar a influência de tal metodologia para a formação inicial dos professores novatos envolvidos nas práticas de coensino no projeto de extensão Sala de Inglês, no Campus X da Universidade do Estado da Bahia. Nossas análises apontam para uma aprendizagem relacional da profissão docente, pela interação entre os sujeitos e pela aproximação da universidade com a comunidade. Esperamos com este estudo contribuir com reflexões sobre a formação inicial de professores e práticas pedagógicas mais situadas em seus contextos.
A leitura de narrativas híbridas de história e ficção juvenis na formação do leitor literário decolonial no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Sacomori Candido Pedro Fernanda , Francisco Fleck Gilmei
Published: July 2024

O ensino da literatura, nos anos iniciais de escolarização, pode ser abordado desde uma perspectiva crítica, se ampliarmos nele as leituras de cunho híbrido e descolonizador. Desse modo, no presente artigo, objetivamos apresentar uma análise da obra híbrida Ana Preciosa e Manuelim e o roubo das moedas na época do ciclo do ouro (2004), de Maria José Silveira, que é uma narrativa híbrida de história e ficção que se dedica a explorar o passado brasileiro a partir da visão dos invisibilizados pelo discurso oficial. Temos, como aporte teórico à análise, os estudos de Genette (s/d) sobre os elementos constitutivos da narrativa. Apoiamo-nos, ainda, nos estudos de Santos (2023) e Fleck (2017; 2023) a respeito da utilização de tais narrativas no desenvolvimento de um leitor literário decolonial, alinhado aos estudos de Colomer (2007; 2014). Da vertente da “história vista de baixo” contamos com Sharpe (1992), e sobre a decolonialidade dispomos das reflexões de Mignolo (2017). Os resultados demonstram como a literatura híbrida de história e ficção juvenil pode contribuir com outros saberes e novas visões sobre registros históricos hegemônicos e, desse modo, auxiliar na formação de leitores literários decoloniais.
Pemahaman Pencatatan Akuntansi pada Pelaku UMKM di Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Suka Silvia , Robot Gabriela Eklesia , Rakhmanita Ani
Published: July 2024

This research reveals the financial records of culinary business MSMEs in the South Tangerang area by tracing how they carry out financial records in their businesses which are still running today. This research helps to find out how research subjects interact in managing their finances, helps understand the views, attitudes and behavior of MSMEs towards financial reports for the sustainability of their business. The Status Quo theory is used by researchers to understand and analyze the situation of MSME actors regarding accounting understanding. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 MSME actors in the culinary sector and then analyzed using a qualitative approach. The research findings show that the majority of MSMEs have not recorded their finances optimally. They still use traditional methods such as recording sales manually and do not meet financial accounting standards (SAK EMKM). The research recommendation is that MSME players need to improve their ability to carry out good and correct financial records for business continuity. The role of government and academics is needed to provide understanding and knowledge for MSMEs in the South Tangerang region, this can take the form of training on basic financial accounting, and implementing a simple recording system with the help of simple software
The Imperative Need for Writing Skills and Competence in English for Vocational Learners: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Herawati Susi
Published: July 2024

The focus of this research includes aspects of language, linguistics, and literature skills, as well as their impact on human resource management and public organizations. Through qualitative descriptive analysis methods, this study reveals that language skills, including grammar, vocabulary, and syntax, are the main foundation of writing competence. The results of this study show that linguistics and exposure to literature play an important role in developing writing excellence. Linguistic principles enrich students' understanding of sentence structure and coherence, while exposure to literature stimulates creativity and enriches writing styles. The integration of these components into the vocational curriculum is a practical strategy to strengthen overall writing skills. In addition, this study highlights the importance of writing competence in the context of human resource management. Students with strong writing skills are better equipped to make convincing job applications and communicate effectively in the context of human resource management. This demonstrates the need for vocational institutions to work with career services to provide the guidance and resources needed by students to succeed in HR-related communication. This research confirms that clear and effective written communication is very important in public organizations. Good writing skills ensure transparency, accountability, and accessibility of information within this organization.
Enhancing English Speaking Competence for Vocational Students: Descriptive Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Simanjuntak Marudut Bernadtua , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Lumingkewas Martin Steven
Published: July 2024

This research explores the critical need for speaking skills and competencies in English in the context of vocational education. Through a comprehensive exploration of language skills, linguistics and literature, human resource management, and the role of learning organizations, this study provides an in-depth understanding of the important role of literacy in English in vocational education. The findings reveal that English proficiency is not just an advantage but an absolute necessity for vocational students in today's increasingly connected world. English serves as a gateway to a wide range of global information, collaboration with international peers, and participation in a wider professional network. Effective communication in English is now a prerequisite in the job market, with recruiters in various industries looking for candidates who have strong English-speaking skills. In addition, the study emphasizes that the linguistic and literary dimensions in English proficiency not only deepen communication skills but also increase cultural awareness. By understanding the nuances of language, vocational students can navigate a diverse professional environment with cultural sensitivities, which is an invaluable trait in the global world of work. Learner organizations play an important role as champions of change, influencing curriculum development and resource allocation to support English language education for vocational students
Analisis SWOT sebagai Strategi dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Pegawai Pemerintahan
Authors: Yunas Ibnu Prama , Sari Juli Arsismen , Irvandhel Muhammad , Syafwandi Syafwandi
Published: July 2024

This research aims to formulate strategies that must be implemented for performance development by analyzing the company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats through analysis on the Government. This research is qualitative descriptive research with a SWOT analysis method that aims to improve the performance of Government employees. Data collection is carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is carried out qualitatively consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Based on the results and discussions that have been carried out previously, the author concludes that: the strategy used to improve employee performance is the SO (Strengths–Opportunities) strategy, actions that can be taken in the strengths strategy by increasing competence, extensive work experience and high competence. Meanwhile, the opportunities strategy is with the development of new technology that can improve work efficiency and reduce costs, the availability of quality human resources that can strengthen the work team.
Implementasi Konsep Manajemen Pendidikan dalam Surat Luqman Ayat 13-19: Studi Kasus di SMAN 1 Solok
Authors: Aris Maifalinda , Bustamam Risman , Junaidi Junaidi , Febrina Winda , Nengsih Dona
Published: July 2024

This study examines the implementation of the values contained in Surat Luqman verses 13-19 in education management at SMAN 1 Solok, Indonesia. Through a qualitative approach involving observation, interviews, and analysis of documents, the study explores how these values are integrated into school policies and practices. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the integration of Islamic values contributes significantly to the development of students' character, the increase of teachers' pedagogical capacity, and the strengthening of parental involvement. Despite facing challenges such as lack of resources and diversity of student backgrounds, SMAN 1 Solok has managed to implement these values effectively through the development of adaptive educational materials, inclusive educational approaches, and strengthened teacher training programs. This study emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach in education that focuses not only on academic achievement but also on the formation of students' morals and ethics
Analisis Perencanaan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh pada Mata Pelajaran Fiqih dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran
Authors: Nurhasnah Nurhasnah , Kustati Martin , Amelia Rezki , Irfanda Hamzah
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze the form of PJJ funding for fiqh subjects in improving the quality of learning. In the implementation of PJJ there are several challenges and obstacles. Among the challenges faced by teachers, teachers are required to think creatively and innovatively in providing online learning. Parents during online learning are needed by children. Some of the obstacles that often arise include limited internet access, lack of direct interaction between teachers and students, and difficulties in conducting comprehensive learning evaluations. The type of research used is field research. The method used in this research is qualitative research. Data sources were obtained through interviews, documentation, and observation. The results of this study Distance learning planning (PJJ) in fiqh subjects at MTsN 4 Padang Pariaman can be said to be not optimal. This is evidenced by not all Fiqh teachers at MTsN 4 Padang Pariaman have complete learning tools, but all fiqh teachers have lesson plans. Of the two resource persons of fiqh subject teachers at MTsN 4 Padang Pariaman, only one fiqh subject teacher has a complete learning tool, namely Mr. Hafizuddin Hasan in the preparation of lesson plans, it is still not 100% in line with the reality in the field
Boredom Proneness and Social Media Usage of College Students
Authors: Bautista Rose Ann L. , Demanawa Mark Luiz S. , Pedrigosa Junna Liza D. , Culajara Claire Lynn B.
Published: July 2024

This descriptive-predictive study aimed to determine the correlation between the social media usage of college students and their boredom proneness in a University in Davao region. A total of 350 participants were chosen to participate in this study using simple random sampling techniques. A 22-item multidimensional state boredom questionnaire and 21-item social networking usage served as an instrument wherein the Jamovi was used for data analysis. The mean and standard deviation were utilized to test the level of both variables, and results showed that the level of social media usage and boredom proneness among students is high. The Shapiro-Wilk test was utilized to test the normality; it revealed that the data is not normally distributed. The Spearman rho correlation coefficient test revealed a significant relationship between social media usage and students’ boredom proneness, with a p-value of .001, indicating a strong positive correlation. Meanwhile, the result of Linear Regression showed 71% of the variance is explained by the three significant predictors contributing to the students’ social media usage which are Time Perception, Inattention and Disengagement. The study’s findings indicate that increased use of social media is associated with higher levels of boredom. In this case, school administration, local health authorities, and school counseling and guidance offices should enhance the implementation of policies regarding the responsible use of social media, integrate the findings into various programs, and increase public awareness of the effects of excessive social media use on people’s mental health and academic performance. Lastly, researchers should consider extending this topic with a quantitative approach and investigate the possible mediating factors between boredom and social media usage.
Making Virtual Discussions Engaging, Effective and Equitable: Reflections from Ghana
Authors: Akaadom Bernard Wiafe , Ahialey Edem
Published: July 2024

This study investigated students’ engagement and perceptions of virtual discussions in Ghanaian higher education. As courses have increasingly moved online due to the COVID-19 pandemic, understanding how to make virtual discussions effective is crucial. However, little research exists on this topic within the African context. This study aimed to address this gap by exploring student engagement and the challenges and/or benefits of virtual discussions according to Ghanaian university students. A questionnaire was administered to 215 undergraduate students at the University of Cape Coast, Ghana, from various academic programs and levels. The survey included questions on digital equity. Descriptive statistics were used for the quantitative items. Results showed that while students felt comfortable participating in virtual discussions, building relationships and non-verbal communication remained challenging. Face-to-face discussions were preferred due to higher efficiency, though opinions varied on productivity and engagement levels between modes. Ensuring digital access and equity emerged as an important factor. This study provided valuable insights into enhancing virtual discussions in Ghanaian higher education. Strategies are needed to address relationship-building and equity concerns when discussions move online. Further research could explore different pedagogical approaches and under-represented student populations.
The asymmetric effect of monetary policy on core inflation in Jordan: NARDL model
Authors: Al-majali Ahmad ,   Mutah University, Jordan
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to estimate the asymmetric impact of monetary policy on core inflation rates in Jordan during the period 2000-2020 using the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (NARDL) Based on quarterly data. The unit root tests showed the different degrees of integration by applying the Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test (ADF) and Philip Perron (P.P). and has a cointegration relationship using Johansson's test, and the Bound test. Also, there is a nonlinear relationship in the time series using waled test. The study used Core Inflation (CORINF) as a dependent variable (calculated based on excluding energy and food prices method) and the overnight deposit rate (CBJR), the loan and advances interest rate (LR), the growth in money supply (GM2), and the growth in real GDP (GRGDP) used as independent variables. The results indicated that there are asymmetric effects of both CBJR and GM2 on core inflation, as a 1% increase in GM2 leads to an increase in the CORINF by 1.3%, while its decrease by 1% leads to a decrease in the CORINF by 1.2%, in contrast, an increase in the LR by 1% leads to a decrease in the CORINF by 0.15% and a decrease by 1% leads to a rise in the CORINF by 0.44%, and the study also found that a rise in LR by 1% lead to a decrease in the CORINF by 0.43%, while its decrease by 1% leads to a rise in the CORINF by 0.44%.
The Inefficiency of Bitcoin and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Asthana Vinay ,   Crypto Probity
Published: July 2024

From the perspectives of asset pricing, market outreach, regulatory framework, and investor ethos, crypto markets differ substantially from traditional financial markets. Given these fundamental differences, it is interesting to examine how the notions of market efficiency apply to crypto markets, especially because the arguments of the efficient market hypothesis (Fama, 1970) and the adaptive market hypothesis (Lo, 2004, and Lo, 2008) were originally developed in the context of traditional financial markets. Research on the informational efficiency of crypto markets has attracted increasing attention in recent years. This paper examines the evolving efficiency of Bitcoin, the leading cryptocurrency, especially during the period when economies around the world were devastated by the Covid-19 pandemic. For a newly-emerged cryptocurrency with a market that is essentially global, a global shock like the Covid-19 pandemic presents ideal conditions for assessing how efficiency evolves as the market faces a series of shocks. Employing a fixed-length rolling window approach, this paper carries out the following tests: the automatic portmanteau test of Escanciano and Lobato (2009), the wild bootstrap automatic variance ratio test proposed by Kim (2009), the generalized spectral test of Escaciano and Valesco (2006), and the test proposed by Dominguez and Lobato (2003). The results provide evidence of episodes of inefficiency in a market that is efficient over extended periods. The inefficiency index constructed in this study shows that the Bitcoin market went through proportionately longer and more frequent episodes of inefficiency during the Covid-19 period. This is in line with the adaptive market hypothesis and has practical significance for investors and regulators.
Bacteroides: From a Fecal Pollutant to a Useful Tool in Solving Water Pollution
Authors: Dela Rosa Christian Jordan , Rivera Windell
Published: July 2024

Bacteroides spp. are Gram-negative bacilli, non-endospore-forming and obligate anaerobes, belonging to Phylum Bacteroidetes, Class Bacteroidia, Order Bacteroidales, Family Bacteroidaceae, with 40 taxonomically recognized species. They are anaerobes, and hence, commonly found in warm-blooded animals’ guts and fecal microbiome, where they are the most dominant bacteria, having either mutually or commensally co-evolved with their host. However, they are also disease-causing and carriers of antibiotic resistance genes. Hence, release of Bacteroides-dominated feces by hosts causes fecal pollution, especially in water bodies. Despite being anaerobes, Bacteroides have a short lifespan. They leave their genetic materials behind as environmental DNA, which remain viable for PCR. DNA isolation can determine the feces’ source—a technique known as microbial source tracking (MST). There are two types of MST: library-dependent (LDM) and -independent (LIM). Bacteroides use falls under LIM, wherein animal associated Bacteroides markers determine the fecal contamination’s source. Due to extensive co-evolution between Bacteroides and hosts, most LIM-MST biomarkers are Bacteroides-based [PigBac (pigs), CowBac (cows), ChickenBac (chicken)] and human-based (HF183, HumBac), etc. MST also effectively determines fecal pollution extent from anthropogenic and agricultural sources. Therefore, MST can directly determine a definitive fecal pollutant source. The main limitation of LIM-MST is the lack of markers for other animals. Most available MST markers are directed toward domesticated animals (chickens, cows, pigs). Moreover, even existing markers are affected by geography and animal diet. These limitations warrant continued efforts to fill the gaps by designing more specific and sensitive MST animal markers. This review aims to initiate interest in the use of Bacteroides for efficient water quality monitoring.
On the regularity of the flow of analytic vector fields
Authors: Lope Jose Ernie , Ona Mark Philip
Published: July 2024

The flow of vector field X is the solution to the system of linear partial differential equations ∂_t u(t,z)=X(u(t,z)) with initial condition u(0,z)=z. It is known that for an analytic vector field, its flow is given by a convergent Lie series. Recently, Carillo gave a quick and elementary proof of this fact by introducing a special family of norms. This paper gives an even more concise proof by directly estimating the formal series expansion and using a family of majorant functions studied by Lax.
Factors influencing yield, chemical composition and efficacy of essential oils
Authors: Mugao Lydia
Published: July 2024

Essential oils are secondary metabolites that are produced by plants for the purpose of protection from pests, predators, attraction of pollinators and seed dispersal. The oil is produced in different parts of the plants and contains various chemical compounds that give plants a characteristic odour and flavor. These compounds vary between different plant species and also within plants of the same species. The yield and the efficacy of essential oils also vary between and within species. The variations in the essential oil compounds, the yield and the efficacy is influenced by both exogenous and endogenous factors. Endogenous factors such as plant age, plant density, plant genotype, part of the plant where the oil is extracted brings about variability in yield, chemical composition and the efficacy of essential oils. Similarly, exogenous factors such as light intensity and temperature, water availability, altitude and latitude, soil type and composition, preparation of the plant material before the essential oil extraction, method of extraction of the essential oil and the storage conditions after extraction also have a great influence on the chemical composition, yield and efficacy of essential oils. The factors then need to be moderated in order to ensure that the essential oil produced is of the quality required. Once extraction is done, proper storage conditions to avoid oxidation is necessary as the essential oils await to be used. They should be stored in dark cool conditions in tightly closed dark glass containers to ensure long term quality. Knowledge on the growth requirements of the individual plants that produce oils is necessary so as to produce quality oil.
APLICAÇÃO DE MODELOS MATEMÁTICOS NO ESTUDO DE VIBRAÇÕES INDUZIDAS PELA EMISSÃO DE VÓRTICES
Authors: Melo Tiago de , Pinto André Murilo de Almeida , Goulart Jhon Nero Vaz
Published: July 2024

O presente estudo investiga um conjunto de resultados experimentais e a aplicabilidade de diversos modelos Matemáticos para a Vibração Induzida por Vórtices (VIV). Os modelos analisados incluem os propostos por Ogink e Metrikine (2010), Fortaleza (2011) e Srinivasan et al. (2018). O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar os resultados obtidos por meio de um aparato experimental específico, bem como a representatividade dos modelos em descrever o fenômeno de VIV. Além disso, visa-se obter resultados de simulações numéricas utilizando os modelos para posterior comparação com os dados experimentais. Para realizar as simulações numéricas dos três modelos, foi desenvolvida uma rotina em MatLab® capaz de resolver numericamente as equações diferenciais ordinárias que os compõem. Ademais, para discutir a aplicabilidade dos modelos estudados, é realizada uma análise abrangente da fenomenologia de VIV, seguida pela comparação dos resultados experimentais com os resultados das simulações. As curvas de amplitude de resposta em função da velocidade reduzida destacam-se como a principal contribuição deste estudo, descrevendo a interação fluido-estrutura do cilindro e do escoamento de fluido por meio dos modelos Matemáticos representados por osciladores não-lineares. Os resultados principais deste estudo indicam que os sistemas baseados em VIV são influenciados principalmente pelos parâmetros de razão de massa, amortecimento e diâmetro do cilindro. Além disso, observa-se que o estudo de modelos Matemáticos para VIV está surgindo como uma área de intenso desenvolvimento científico.
Framework for Designing of Wireless Sensor Network Using OPNET and Effect of Transport Protocols on Simulation
Authors: Marke Miss. Priti D. ,   Department of Electrical Engineering  STCSPRT, Khamgaon, India
Published: July 2024

A Wireless sensor network can be defined as a network of devices that can communicate the information gathered from a monitored field through wireless links. The data is forwarded through multiple nodes, and with a gateway, the data is connected to other networks like wireless Ethernet. It is intended for a general application and should be able to collect data from many nodes, every node connected to several sensors. One possible application for such a network is in the medical area. At first the network will be used to display the evolution of blood pressure; the body temperature, the ambient temperature and pressure and the level of the transfusion liquid can be collected as well. The network coordinator will transmit the data to a local server for further processing. The simulation will be used to evaluate the general parameters of the wireless network and to optimize it. In this paper, we aim to evaluate the performance of a ZigBee wireless sensor network using OPNET and also study the effects of TCP and UDP on the performance of the application based on OPNET simulation software. Keywords-Sensor, wireless sensor network, ZigBee, OPNET, TCP, UDP.
Lumina Eventix: OPTIMIZING EVENT MANAGEMENT THROUGH DIGITAL PLATFORMS
Authors: Dey Ayan Kumar ,   UG Student, Dept. of CSE, JIS College of Engineering, Kalyani, Nadia, WB, India.
Published: July 2024

The proposed project is a comprehensive web-based Event Management System (EMS) designed to streamline the organization and management of various events, including conferences, workshops, concerts, weddings, and other ceremonies. This platform aims to provide a user-friendly interface for both event organizers and customers, facilitating the entire event planning process from inception to execution. Customers will be able to specify their event requirements, such as sound systems, food management, and other services. The system will then provide an estimated budget and suggest cost-effective ways to allocate their resources. Additionally, EMS will recommend the best event organizers based on the customer's budget and specific needs, enhancing the planning process with tailored suggestions. The platform will integrate secure payment gateways to handle transactions efficiently, ensuring a smooth process for both organizers and customers. The platform will offer robust registration management capabilities, allowing organizers to track attendee registrations, manage waitlists, and generate comprehensive reports. Embedded communication tools will enable organizers to send updates and reminders to attendees via email and SMS, ensuring seamless communication throughout the event lifecycle. Security and data privacy will be prioritized, with measures in place to protect user data and ensure compliance with relevant regulations. The platform will be built with scalability in mind, capable of handling events of varying sizes and complexities. In summary, this Event Management System aims to simplify the complexities associated with event organization, providing a one-stop solution that enhances efficiency, improves attendee engagement, and ultimately contributes to the success of any event. Key Words: Event Management System (EMS), Event planning, User-friendly interface, Registration management, Payment gateways, Communication tools, Scalability
Integrating OpenCV and Pandas for Enhanced Image Filtering and Color Detection
Authors: Abhigna Kandala
Published: July 2024

Image filtering and color detection in OpenCV is performed using functions like cv2.filter2D() for filtering, and cv2.cvtColor() for color space conversion and detection. These functions can be combined with other image processing techniques such as thresholding, erosion and dilation, and edge detection to perform more advanced tasks. The process typically starts with loading an image into Python using OpenCV's imread() function. From there, the image may be converted to a different color space using cvtColor() to make it easier to detect certain colors or features. Various image filters can then be applied to enhance the image and reduce noise or other unwanted features. This can include techniques such as blurring, sharpening, or edge detection, depending on the desired outcome. Once the image has been filtered, color detection can be performed using thresholding, which involves setting a threshold value and creating a binary image based on whether each pixel falls above or below the threshold. This can help to identify specific colors or features in the picture. Pandas are particularly useful for working with image data as it provides a flexible and efficient data structure called a DataFrame. This makes it easy to perform data manipulation tasks such as selecting, filtering, and grouping data, which can be useful for image processing tasks. Meanwhile, OpenCV provides a comprehensive set of tools for image filtering and color detection. These tools include a variety of filters, such as Gaussian, Median, and Bilateral filters, as well as thresholding techniques, such as binary and adaptive thresholding, which can be used to detect specific colors or features in an image. Keywords:- Image Processing, OpenCV, Color Detection, Image Filtering, cv2.filter2D, cv2.cvtColor, Thresholding, Erosion and Dilation, Edge Detection, Pandas DataFrame, Gaussian Filter, Median Filter, Bilateral Filter, Adaptive Thresholding, Feature Detection..
Deep Learning Approaches for Ear Biometrics: A Novel Approach
Authors: Nagrale Niraj K. ,   Dept.of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Bharti Vishwavidyalaya, Pulgaon Chowk, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a novel deep learning model for ear biometrics, achieving state-of-the-art performance through the integration of transfer learning and data augmentation. Ear biometrics has garnered significant interest due to the ear's unique and stable characteristics, making it a viable modality for biometric identification. Traditional methods often falter under variations in lighting, pose, and occlusion, but deep learning techniques, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), have shown exceptional capability in overcoming these challenges by learning robust and discriminative features. Our comprehensive review explores the application of CNNs, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), transfer learning, attention mechanisms, and multimodal fusion in ear recognition, verification, and identification tasks. Our model demonstrates remarkable recognition and verification accuracy, underscoring the potential of ear images as a reliable biometric modality. Experimental results show a recognition rate of 99.2% and an equal error rate (EER) of 0.8%, highlighting the effectiveness of our approach in real-world scenarios. Future work will involve expanding the dataset, exploring alternative deep learning architectures, and enhancing the robustness of ear biometric systems against security threats. Key Words: Ear Biometrics, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), Transfer Learning, Attention Mechanisms, Multimodal Fusion.
SKIN HEALTH PARAMETER MONITORING SYSTEM
Authors: Wader Manjula A ,   BME Dept. Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, Bangalore.
Published: July 2024

Skin conditions, influenced by both internal bodily factors and external environmental elements, affect millions worldwide. Among these, environmental factors play a vital role, impacting skin health in many ways. In response to this issue, the prototype system provides real-time data on environmental parameters crucial for skin wellness. It integrates sensors to monitor temperature, humidity, UV radiation, and skin moisture, all connected to a microcontroller. This data is displayed on an LCD screen and transmitted to a website and mobile application (APK). Users receive alerts when sensor readings exceed predefined thresholds, suggesting necessary precautions. Additionally, the system features an IP webcam for capturing skin images, which are analysed to provide insights and skincare recommendations. This innovative approach bridges the gap between environmental factors and skin health, promoting proactive measures against environmental stressors. By providing real-time data and actionable insights, the prototype empowers users to make informed decisions about their skincare regimen. The system represents a significant advancement in skincare technology, offering comprehensive monitoring and management of environmental conditions and skin health. With its real-time functionality, recommendations, and proactive alerts, the system has the potential to greatly enhance users’ skincare routines and overall skin health. Key Words: Skin health, environmental monitoring, real time data, sensor integration, image analysis, proactive measures
Identification of Dominant Bacteria from Crowded Places of Vellore by using MIC and ABST Analysis
Authors: Yaswanth Pothineni ,   Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore – 632014, India
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to understand the antimicrobial effect of spices and leaf extracts against prominent bacteria present in crowded localities. It has been shown that spices offer therapeutic benefits, particularly antimicrobial action. In addition to being food preservatives, they are employed as household medications. In this work, agar well diffusion method is used to compare the susceptibility of a few human pathogenic bacteria to different spice extracts. The extracts were prepared using 70% ethyl alcohol. The samples for the pathogenic bacteria were collected from crowded places situated in Vellore, Tamil Nadu. The antimicrobial properties of bilva, lemon leaves, mehndi, cinnamon, and hibiscus leaves were found to be comparatively higher than those of the other spices and leaf extracts examined. Of all the spices, ethanol extracts from cinnamon had the strongest antimicrobial properties. It has been discovered that Gram negative bacteria are more susceptible to leaf extracts and spices than Gram positive bacteria. The potential application of spices as antimicrobial agents is quite high. Key Words: spices, leaf extracts, antimicrobial activity, ethanol extract, MIC, ABST