bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case report ： A case misdiagnosed as cystic echinococcosis in alveolar echinococcosis
Authors: Zhao HongYu , Cai JunJie , Wang JingJing , Zhou Ying , Wang Zhan
Published: April 2024

Background
Echinococcosis is one of the most common parasitic diseases among humans and animals worldwide, with the most prominent in the northwest region of China. According to different types of infected larvae, it can be divided into cystic echinococcosis and alveolar echinococcosis. Both types of infected organs are most common in the liver. Here we report a 49 years old female patient with hepatic cystic echinococcosis who was initially misdiagnosed as hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE1) due to her imaging findings being very similar to those of cystic echinococcosis. After further examination and literature review, we were ultimately diagnosed with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (P4), which was confirmed by surgery and postoperative pathology. In the article, we use MRI and MRCP as recommendations for distinguishing the two, which can efficiently help us distinguish them and avoid misdiagnosis.
Presentation:
We report a 49 year old female patient residing in an area with a high incidence of hydatid disease. She was admitted with the chief complaint of "persistent swelling and pain in the upper right abdomen for more than half a month". Prior to admission, the abdominal CT result diagnosed her with hepatic cystic echinococcosis CE1 type, which was a huge liver mass of 13.5cm * 13cm * 14cm. After admission, a comprehensive MRI and MRCP imaging examination was performed, and the results were different from CT. The diagnosis was P4 stage cystic cystic echinococcosis in the right lobe of the liver. Through literature review and general practice discussions, we ultimately diagnosed with P4 type of cystic cystic echinococcosis in the right lobe of the liver, and actively prepared for surgery. Due to the large size of the patient's liver lesion, the risk of surgery was assessed to be high. We first performed percutaneous liver puncture under ultrasound to drain the cystic fluid of the lesion. After the lesion collapsed, we finally performed a right hemihepatectomy. The surgery went smoothly and the patient recovered well, and was discharged as scheduled. After intraoperative and postoperative pathological diagnosis, it was confirmed that our diagnosis and treatment were correct and misdiagnosis was avoided.
Conclusion
when faced with difficult to distinguish AE and CE, MRI and MRCP may be the best choices to solve the problem, as they can effectively avoid misdiagnosis.
FedGPD: Global Prototype Distillation InHeterogeneous Federated Learning
Authors: Wu Shu , Chen Jindou , Nie Xueli , Wang Yong , Zhou Xiancun , Lu Linlin , Peng Wei , Nie Yao , Menhaj Waseef
Published: April 2024

Federated learning is a distributed machine learning paradigm where the goal is to collaboratively train a high quality globalmodel while private training data remains local over distributed clients. However, heterogenous data distribution over clientsis severely challenging for federated learning system, which severely damage the quality of model. In order to address thischallenge, global prototype distillation (FedGPD) for heterogenous federated learning is proposed to improve performance ofglobal model. The intuition is to use global class prototypes as knowledge to instruct local training on client side. Eventually,local objectives will be consistent with the global optima so that FedGPD learns an improved global model. Experiments showthat FedGPD outperforms previous state-of-art methods at the cost of a slight communication overhead.
Pancreatic surgery is safe in elder patients with PDAC
Authors: Zhang Yueming , Han Siyang , Xu Yaolin , Liu Liang , Wu Wenchuan , Zhang Lei , Shi chenye , Song Chao , Wang Dansong , Lou Wenhui
Published: April 2024

Background: In aging society, more and more elder people is diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), unfortunately, these patients didn’t receive proper treatment compared to the non-elderly. Currently, there is controversy on whether surgery is safe in elderly pancreatic cancer patients.
Methods: This single center, large scale retrospective study included PDAC patients receiving radical resection from 2012 to 2021 in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. Patients were divided into non-elderly (<70) and elderly groups (≥70). We analyzed operation-related factors and postoperative complications between the two groups. And subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of inflammatory-nutritional status on the elderly and the non-elderly patients.
Results: A total of 892 pancreatic cancer patients received radical resection was included, with 256 elderly and 636 non-elderly patients. Our study showed that the elderly pancreatic cancer patients had earlier eighth edition American Joint Committee on Cancer (8th AJCC) T stage (T3+T4, 10.59% vs 18.71%) and N stage (N0, 68.24% vs 55.22%), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade (grade 2+ grade 3, 92.58% vs 87.70%), lower inflammatory markers (lymphocyte and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio) and poorer nutritional status (total protein, albumin, prealbumin, hemoglobin, transferrin, platelet). The incidence of post-operative complications (reoperation, postoperative pancreatic fistula, pulmonary embolism, surgery site infection and post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage) was comparable between the two groups, except for delayed gastric emptying (16.41% vs 22.83%, p=0.036). Moreover, poorer inflammatory-nutritional status was often associated with more complicated surgical procedure (longer surgical durations, higher intraoperative blood loss, and more resected lymph nodes), especially in non-elderly patients.
Conclusion: With detailed preoperative evaluation and careful postoperative care, pancreatic surgery is safe for elderly patients in experienced pancreatic cancer center.
Design and Experimental Evaluation of an Intelligent Sugarcane Stem Node Recognition System based on Enhanced YOLOv5s
Authors: Dai Jiuxiang , Luo Yangfan , Shi Shenye , Yang Dantong , Zhao Zuoxi
Published: April 2024

The rapid and accurate identification of sugarcane internodes is of great significance for tasks such as field operations and precision management in the sugarcane industry, and it is also a fundamental task for the intelligence of the sugarcane industry. However, in complex field environments, traditional image processing techniques have low accuracy, efficiency, and are mainly limited to server-side processing. Meanwhile, the sugarcane industry requires a large amount of manual involvement, leading to high labor costs. In response to the aforementioned issues, this paper employed YOLOv5s as the original model algorithm, incorporated the K-means clustering algorithm, and added the CBAM attention module and VarifocalNet mechanism to the algorithm. The improved model is referred to as YOLOv5s-KCV. We implemented the YOLOv5s-KCV algorithm on Jetson TX2 edge computing devices with a well-configured runtime environment, completing the design and development of a real-time sugarcane internode identification system. Through ablation experiments, comparative experiments of various mainstream visual recognition network models, and performance experiments conducted in the field, the effectiveness of the proposed improvement method and the developed real-time sugarcane internode identification system were verified. The experimental results demonstrate that the improvement method of YOLOv5s-KCV is effective, with an algorithm recognition accuracy of 89.89%, a recall rate of 89.95%, and an mAP value of 92.16%, which respectively increased by 6.66%, 5.92%, and 7.44% compared to YOLOv5s. The system underwent performance testing in various weather conditions and at different times in the field, achieving a minimum recognition accuracy of sugarcane internodes of 93.5%. Therefore, the developed system in this paper can achieve real-time and accurate identification of sugarcane internodes in field environments, providing new insights for related work in sugarcane field industries.
Antioxidant and antiglycant properties of different milling fractions of Neltuma ruscifolia, an underutilized species
Authors: Seling Giuliana Silvina , Rivero Roy Cristian , Busch Verónica María , Buera M Pilar
Published: April 2024

Within the group of neglected and underutilized species (NUS) is Neltuma ruscifolia (formerly Prosopis), belonging to the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), commonly known as carob trees but unlike other species, it does not have an established or formally defined commercial value. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and antiglycant properties, as well as to identify associated bioactive compounds, in extracts derived from different extraction methods (ultrasound and agitation) and grinding fractions of pods of Neltuma ruscifolia, a NUS species. The results showed that the residue fraction extracted by high-intensity ultrasound exhibited the highest bioactivity. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction allowed polyphenolic compounds such as hydroxybenzoic and ellagic acids to be obtained that did not appear with stirring. Other polyphenols (such as chrysin, rutin, kaempferol and cinnamic, coumaric, protocatechuic, ellagic and caffeic acids) were highly related to the bioactivity. This study lays the foundation for the future development of antioxidant/antiglycant additives derived from Neltuma ruscifolia, diversifying NUS range of natural additives and aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to safeguard biodiversity, local resources and the planet.
Periodic Prediction Based Integrated Solutions for Wireless Communication and Edge Computing in Smart Railway Systems
Authors: Ren Chao , Song Jiayin , Long Yin , Li Haojin , Sun Chen , Wang Xianmei , Li Yupei
Published: April 2024

This paper addresses the challenges of wireless communication and intelligence in smart railway system under high-speed mobile environments, particularly the issues of Doppler effect and dynamic variability. Solutions that integrate wireless communication and edge computing is proposed. The system model based on the operational characteristics of high-speed trains is established. By analyzing historical data and employing statistical methods, the probability distribution of high-speed train operation times is studied, revealing the operational patterns across different intervals. On this foundation, an intelligent task allocation model is proposed, which optimizes the deployment of edge servers and task allocation strategies to minimize task processing costs while ensuring the stability of communication links. To address the Doppler effect and selective channel enhancement issues in high-speed mobile environments, channel prediction with periodic information is used to reduce interference and ensure the reliability of data transmission. Furthermore, intelligent scheduling system based on edge computing with predictive models is established, supporting advanced scheduling and optimizes train timetables. The algorithm is based on established scheduling rules, effectively managing the high-speed railway system and improving system efficiency. Compared with existing scheduling algorithms, the proposed method demonstrates significant advantages in reducing signal distortion, enhancing signal reliability, and optimizing resource utilization and costs.
AASTNet: An Attention-Aware Spatial-Temporal Network for Enhanced Pain Intensity Evaluation in Facial Image
Authors: Gao Feng , Qing Linbo , Li Lindong , Xiong Kunhong , Xu Risheng , Gao Li
Published: April 2024

Pain intensity serves as an essential indicator of patient discomfort. The analysis of video monitoring for the evaluation of pain intensity has emerged as a significant area of research. Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based spatiotemporal models are extensively utilized to extract dynamic pain information from videos for assessing pain intensity. Nonetheless, challenges persist in effectively extracting spatiotemporal dynamic information, because pain typically appears in specific consecutive frames and within certain regions. Consequently, this research introduces the attention-aware spatiotemporal network (AASTNet) designed for the evaluation of pain intensity, incorporating both temporal and spatial sub-networks. Specifically, the system employs a temporal sub-network, succeeded by a feature gating mechanism, similar to a self-attention mechanism, to selectively focus on video frames within a temporal sequence that contain pertinent pain-related information. Furthermore, an attention mechanism is integrated into the spatial sub-network to emphasize the spatially localized regions closely related to pain. To counteract the issue of spatially global information deficiency induced by the attention mechanism, this method integrates the geometric information of facial landmarks to capture the overall topological patterns of the facial regions associated with pain. The feature vectors derived from the two sub-networks are subsequently combined and utilized for regression analysis to estimate pain intensity. The proposed AASTNet is assessed on UNBC-McMaster Shoulder Pain Expression Archive Database, and the results reveal that the proposed AASTNet outperforms the contemporary state-ofthe-art methods.
Mirror-mediated ultralong-range atomic dipole-dipole interactions
Authors: Furtak-Wells Nicholas , Dawson Benjamin , Mann Thomas , Jose Gin , Beige Almut
Published: April 2024

In three dimensions, dipole-dipole interactions which alter atomic level shifts and spontaneous decay rates only persist over distances comparable to the wavelength of the emitted light. To provide novel tools for quantum technology applications, like quantum sensing, many attempts have been made to extend the range of these interactions. In this paper we show that such an extension can be achieved with the help of partially transparent asymmetric mirror interfaces without involving negative refractive index metamaterials. Suppose two atoms are placed on opposite sides of the interface, each at the position of the mirror image of the other. In this case, their emitted light interferes exactly as it would when the atoms are right next to each other. Hence their dipole-dipole interaction assumes an additional maximum, even when the actual distance of the atoms is several orders of magnitude larger than their transition wavelength.
Advances in the Targeted Theragnostics of Osteomyelitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Abdulrehman Tahir , Qadri Shahnaz , Haik Yousef , Sultan Ali , Skariah Sini , Kumar Shourya , Mendoza Zachary , Yadav Kamlesh , Titus Anoop , Khader Shameer
Published: April 2024

Bone infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus may lead to an inflammatory condition called osteomyelitis, which results in progressive bone loss. Biofilm formation, intracellular survival, and the ability of S. aureus to evade the immune response result in recurrent and persistent infections that present significant challenges in treating osteomyelitis. Moreover, people with diabetes are prone to osteomyelitis due to their compromised immune system, and in life-threatening cases, this may lead to amputation of the affected limbs. In most cases, bone infections are localized; thus, early detection and targeted therapy may prove fruitful in treating S. aureus-related bone infections and preventing the spread of the infection. Specific S. aureus components or overexpressed tissue biomarkers in bone infections could be targeted to deliver active therapeutics, thereby reducing drug dosage and systemic toxicity. This review paper presents information about the targeting strategies and agents for the therapy and diagnostic imaging of S. aureus bone infections.
Gene Expression Disparity in Coronary Artery Disease: Insights from MEIS1, HIRA, and Myocardin
Authors: Javanshir Elnaz , Ebrahimi Zahra Javadpour , MirzohrehM Seyedeh Tarlan , Ghaffari Samad , Banisefid Erfan , Alamdari Naimeh Mesri , Roshanravan Neda
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) manifesting in young adults can have devastating consequences. MEIS1 gene plays an important role in vascular networks and heart development. Also, this gene has a great effect on the regeneration capacity of the heart. This study investigates the expression level of MEIS1, HIRA, and Myocardin genes in patients with premature CAD in comparison to healthy subjects and evaluates the relationship between these genes and possible inflammatory factors.
Methods and Results
A case-control study was employed to investigate HIRA, MEIS1, and Myocardin gene expression as well as IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) obtained from CAD patients. Thirty-five patients diagnosed with CAD and 35 healthy individuals enrolled through simple randomization. RNAs were extracted from PBMCs and cDNA synthesis was performed to determine the expression levels of studied genes using real-time PCR. PBMCs of CAD cases demonstrated higher levels of MEIS1 and HIRA gene expression compared to the control group with a fold change of 2.45 and 3.6 respectively. Expression of MEIS1 exhibited a negative correlation with IL-10 (r= -0.312) expression and a positive correlation with IL-6 (r = 0.415) and TNF-α (r = 0.534) gene expressions. Moreover, there was an inverse correlation between the gene expressions of HIRA and IL-10 (r= -0.326), and a positive correlation was revealed between this gene and the IL-6 (r = 0.453) and TNF-α (r = 0.572) gene expressions.
Conclusion
This research demonstrated a distinct disparity in the expression levels of MEIS1, HIRA, and Myocardin as early myocardial marker genes between individuals with CAD and healthy subjects. Results showed that two specific genes, MEIS1 and HIRA, may play a significant role in regulating the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely TNF-α and IL-6.
Electrochemical formation of Pr aided by additive (KF) in LiCl-KCl molten salt
Authors: Li Mei , Du Rui , Wei Hedi , Chen Jiayi , Liu Rugeng , Zhang Meng , Han Wei
Published: April 2024

In order to investigate the influences of the additive (KF) on electrochemistry and deposit morphology of Pr, various electrochemical techniques were used to comparative investigate the electroreduction potential and diffusion coefficient of Pr3+ and kinetic properties of Pr3+/Pr in LiCl-KCl-PrCl3 before and after the addition of KF at different molar concentration ratio of F− to Pr3+ (k). Cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and reverse chronopotentiometry results showed that the value of k (k = 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4) had no effect on reduction mechanism of Pr3+. With the increase of k, the reduction peak potential moved in the negative direction, the diffusion coefficient decreased, and diffusion activate energy increased. Meanwhile, the exchanged current densities (j0), charge transfer resistances (Rct), and activate energies (Ea) were measured at different k by linear polarization technique, which illustrated that with the augment of k, j0 gradually reduced, and Ea and Rct increased. Furthermore, the electrochemical preparation of Pr aided by KF was explored by potentiostatic electrolysis at different k, and the products were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS, which indicated that with the increase of k, the morphology of metallic Pr changed from slender needles to granular.
Regular Internet Users Across the Italian Regions
Authors: Leogrande Angelo
Published: April 2024

In the following article I analyze the determinants of regular internet users in the Italian regions. The data is analyzed both in terms of static analysis and also through the application of the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Elbow method. Subsequently, an econometric model is presented for estimating regular internet users in the Italian regions based on variables that reflect the state of technological innovation and digital culture. The results are analyzed and discussed in light of the implications that digitalisation has for triggering economic growth.
JEL CODE: O3, O31, O32, O33, O34
The Effect of Cellulose Loadings on the Properties of Tapioca/Banana Peels Starch Bioplastics
Authors: Izzati A. R. Norafifah , Madihah A. M. Hanis , Nurazzi N. M. , Haafiz M. K. Mohamad
Published: April 2024

The study aimed to create environmentally friendly plastic alternatives to petroleum-based ones by utilizing tapioca and banana peels. Bioplastic films were developed using a solvent casting technique with varying amounts of cellulose. Testing revealed that the banana peel- derived bioplastics displayed superior tensile strength (1,465.74 MPa), Young's modulus (14.35 MPa), and elongation at break (0.03%) compared to tapioca-based ones. Films containing banana peel had higher fiber and amylose content, while those with 9g of cellulose showed the lowest water absorption (73.08%). Water yielded the best results in the swelling test. Solubility tests revealed the film's insolubility in acetic acid, partial solubility in ammonia, and complete solubility in sulfuric acid. The study suggests that bioplastics made from banana peel and tapioca, enhanced with cellulose, exhibit robust resistance to various testing parameters, making them suitable for applications, notably in food packaging.
The idea of law as a means of legitimizing authoritarianism in Virgil's “Georgics”
Authors: Усов Д.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье на основе анализа понятий lex (закон) и ius (право) в «Георгиках» Вергилия (29 г. до н.э.) рассматриваются особенности политических запросов римского общества периода гражданских войн. Цель исследования – определить смысловое значение категории закона и предполагаемый этим значением образ наилучшего устройства римского государства. В первой книге «Буколик» (41 г. до н.э.) Вергилий сочленил идею свободы (libertas) с принципом зависимости от спасительной единоличной власти, тем самым сделав первый шаг в идеологической легитимации авторитаризма. В «Георгиках» Вергилий предпринимает следующий шаг в этом направлении. Вкладывая в понятия lex и ius значение основополагающего установления, поэт прочно связывает их с авторитарными силами: природой, Юпитером, пчелиным царем и Октавианом. Природа и Юпитер изображаются творцами первичного закона, тогда как царь пчел и Октавиан – его реципиентами. По мысли поэта, когда земные законы опираются на первичное божественное положение, государство процветает. Когда же они от этого положения отклоняются, государство бедствует. Первый сценарий возможен лишь под эгидой добродетельного правителя, на месте которого поэт видит исключительно Октавиана и которого, впрочем, он готов именовать царем. Таким образом Вергилий формулирует вполне конкретное представление о приближавшейся авторитарной модели властных отношений и одновременно с этим создает впечатление ее естественности и легитимности.

The paper examines the features of Roman society’s political demands during the civil wars period analyzing lexand ius in Virgil's “Georgics” (29 BC). The aim of the study is to determine the key meaning of these concepts and the best Roman state structure’s guise assumed by this meaning. In the first book of “Eclogues” (41 BC), the poet combines the idea of freedom (libertas) with the principle of dependence on saving individual power, thereby taking the first step in the ideological legitimation of authoritarianism. In the “Georgics”, Virgil takes the next step in this direction. Putting the meaning of a fundamental commandment into lex and ius, the poet firmly connects them with explicit authoritarian forces: nature, Jupiter, the king of bees and Octavian. Nature and Jupiter are depicted as the creators of the primary law, while the king of bees and Octavian are its recipients. According to the poet, when earthly laws are based on the primary divine precept, the state flourishes, but when they deviate from this precept, the state is in misery. The first option is possible only under the patronage of an all-powerful virtuous ruler: the poet exceptionally gives this role to Octavian, whom he is even willing to call a king. Thus, Virgil formulates a concrete idea of the approaching authoritarian model of power relations and simultaneously creates the impression of its naturalness and legitimacy.
"Empire of knowledge": utopian project of I. Trevoga and the intellectual environment of Russia in the 18th century
Authors: Кауркин Р.В. , Старикова Н.В.
Published: April 2024

В статье исследуются записки и черновые наброски Ивана Тревоги, в которых содержатся идеи преобразования и развития научно-образовательной среды российского государства второй половины XVIII в. В них представлен грандиозный по масштабам и утопичный по характеру замысел, объединяющий научные структуры с ад-министративно-территориальным устройством страны и направленный на формирование единой международной научной базы данных. Многие предложения автора соответствуют российским реалиям исследуемого исторического периода и сравнимы с положениями, отраженными в Регламентах и уставах Академии наук, Московского университета, Императорской российской Академии наук середины XVIII – начала XIX в. Однако утопические взгляды И. Тревоги содержат идеи, значительно опередившие свое время. Среди них масштабные социальные гарантии для представителей научного мира, широкий штат, свободный и открытый доступ в мир ученых без гендерных и сословных ограничений.

The article explores the notes and rough sketches of Ivan Trevoga, which contain ideas for the transformation and development of the scientific and educational environment of the Russian state in the second half of the XVIII century. They present the author's grandiose in scale and utopian in nature, combining scientific structures with the administrative-territorial structure of the country, aimed at forming a unified international scientific database. Many of the author's proposals correspond to the Russian realities of the historical period under study and are comparable to the provisions reflected in the Regulations and Statutes of the Academy of Sciences, Moscow University, the Imperial Russian Academy of Sciences of the mid–XVIII - early XIX centuries. However, the utopian views of I. Alarms contain ideas that are significantly ahead of their time. Among them are large-scale social guarantees for representatives of the scientific world, a wide staff, free and free access to the world of scientists without gender and class restrictions.
V.D. Sukhorukov’s manuscripts on the history of the Don cossacks history of creation and publications
Authors: Колесникова М.Е. , Перетятько А.Ю.
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена истории создания и издания рукописей по истории донского казачества одного из основоположников донской историографии Василия Дмитриевича Сухорукова (1795–1841), Проведен анализ и сопоставление опубликованных вариантов и известных черновиков рукописей «Историческое описание Земли Войска Донского» и «Статистическое описание земли Донских казаков, составленное в 1822–32 годах», рассмотрен ряд связанных с ними дискуссионных вопросов

The article deals with history of creation of the manuscripts on Don Cossacks by Vasily Dmitrievich Sukhorukov (1795–1841) who was one of the founders of Don historiography. The comparison of editions and known drafts of the manuscripts “Historical description of Don Host Oblast” and “Statistical description of the Don Cossacks’ land composed in 1822–1832” are given. A number of issues concerning the history of manuscripts by Sukhorukov and his assistants as well as the history of their editions are addressed.
Hajj 1969 In Documents Council for Religions
Authors: Ахмадуллин В.А.
Published: April 2024

Для мусульманина любой страны поездка в хадж всегда была мечтой, ради которой будущий паломник готов был преодолевать множество барьеров: проблемы длительного пути, его немалая цена, тяжелая акклиматизации и т.д. В СССР самым главным из таких барьеров была господствующая в государстве идеология. Подготовка к отправке паломников начиналась примерно за три месяца до их вылета в Саудовскую Аравию, а после прилета в Москву, паломники оформляли отчеты для Совета по делам религий при Совете Министров СССР (СДР). При этом часть из паломников получали помощь от работников СДР при подготовке отчетов, что вполне объяснимо: эти документы изучались в Совете Министров СССР, в Центральном комитете КПСС и в Министерстве иностранных дел СССР.

For a Muslim of any country, a trip to the Hajj has always been a dream, for which the future pilgrim was ready to overcome many barriers: the problems of a long journey, its considerable price, difficult acclimatization, etc. In the USSR, the most important of these barriers was the ideology that dominated the state. Preparations for the departure of pilgrims began about three months before their departure to Saudi Arabia, and after arriving in Moscow, the pilgrims prepared reports for the Council for Religious Affairs under the Council of Ministers of the USSR (SDR). At the same time, some of the pilgrims received assistance from SDR workers in preparing reports, which is understandable: these documents were studied in the Council of Ministers of the USSR, in the Central Committee of the CPSU and in the USSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Breviarium in the context of Latin literature tradition (I–IV centuries AD)
Authors: Буздалина Е.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается бревиарий(breviarium) как краткий латинский нарратив; обсуждается его эволюция с I по IV вв. Посредством изучения текстов Сенеки Младшего, Плиния Старшего, Светония и Тертуллиана анализируются особенности употребления лексемы breviarium, обсуждается ее трансформация в понятие о текстах, фиксирующих определенные сведения для имперского общества. Выявляются характерные черты, присущие ранним бревиариям, которые впоследствии проявились в исторических нарративах («Бревиариях») Феста и Евтропия (369 / 370 гг.).

The paper examines the concept of breviarium and the evolution of its content in the period from the 1st to the 4thcenturies AD. By studying the texts of Seneca the Younger, Pliny the Elder, Suetonius, Tertullian, the peculiarities of its use are analysed. The conclusion is made that at the mentioned time breviarium could be both a concept for the form of certain fixation of information and a term in the context of creating lists of data. Some characteristic features inherent in Latin breviaries were later manifested in the historical “Breviaries” of Festus and Eutropius.
Long Way of the Late Antiquity
Authors: Мамонтов А.Л.
Published: April 2024

Новая книга видного британского антиковеда и византиниста А. Кэмерон представляет собой сборник статей об историографии поздней античности. Посредством анализа творчества ряда учёных (Э. Гиббона, А. Пиренна, А. Х. М. Джонса, П. Брауна и др.) в ней исследуется, как период, изначально считавшийся лишь эпохой упадка позднего Рима, постепенно стал восприниматься как время долгой трансформации – перехода от древности к Средним векам. Рассмотрены основные аспекты развития историографии поздней античности. Среди них можно выделить возрастание интереса к культуре и религии, сдвиг хронологических рамок и расширение географических, внимание к субъектности в истории. Вместе с автором мы обратились и к вопросу о влиянии общества на труд историка. Работы, включённые в сборник, помогают проследить творческий путь Кэмерон, увидеть, как менялись её взгляды и сама наука. К сожалению, почти все герои книги – представители британской историографической традиции, что существенно ограничивает перспективу. С другой стороны, это позволяет глубже погрузиться в научную среду, в которой возникла современная концепция поздней античности.

The new book by prominent British classicist and Byzantinist A. Cameron is a collection of essays on the historiography of the Late Antiquity. Discussing the works of various scholars such as E. Gibbon, H. Pirenne, A. H. M. Jones, P. Brown, and others, it demonstrates how the period, primarily regarded as only an age of the decline of the late Rome, gradually came to be seen as a time of astonishing transformation, of a long transition from antiquity to the Middle Ages. Following Cameron in this review, we focus on the main aspects of the development of historiography of the Late Antiquity. Among these are the increasing interest in culture and religion, the shift in chronological scale, the expansion of geographical perspectives, and the attention to subjectivity in history. The biographical sketches included in the book make us consider the influence of society on the historian's work. The texts included in this collection help trace Cameron's scholarly development. The reader can observe how her perspectives evolved and how the field of study changed. Unfortunately, almost all the heroes of this book represent the British scholarship, and that significantly limits the perspective. However, at the same time it provides us with a depth of immersion in the scholarly landscape from which the modern concept of Late Antiquity arose.
Bir Sanat Tekniği Olan “Trompe L oeil in , Gastronomi Alanında Uygulanabilirliği (The Applicability of Trompe L oeil, an Art Technique, in The Field of Gastronomy)
Authors: ÖZ Hilal
Published: April 2024

"Trompe l'oeil," Fransızca kökenli bir terim olup kelime anlamıyla "göz kandırma" ifadesine denk gelir. Sanatta kullanılan bu teknik, özel bir görsel ilüzyonu amaçlayarak izleyiciyi yanıltma amacı güder. Genellikle resim ve heykel sanatlarında kullanılan bu teknik, sanatçıların perspektif, renk ve gölgelendirme gibi unsurları ustalıkla kullanarak, izleyicinin gözünü aldatarak sanat eserindeki nesnelerin gerçekmiş gibi algılanmasını sağlar. Trompe l'oeil, görsel bir yanılsama yaratma hedefi taşıdığı için sanat eserlerine derinlik ve gerçeklik katma potansiyeline sahiptir. Gastronomide de bu teknik, yemek sunumlarında ve yiyeceklerin estetik olarak çekici bir şekilde sergilenmesinde kullanılır. Şefler, yemeklerin lezzeti yanında görsel çekiciliğini de artırmak amacıyla trompe l'oeil tekniğini kullanabilirler. Pastacılık gibi alanlarda, şefler çikolata, meyve veya diğer malzemeleri kullanarak yiyecekleri resmetme veya farklı bir şekilde sunma konusunda trompe l'oeil tekniğini uygulayabilirler. Bu da, gastronomide yaratıcılığın ve estetiğin vurgulanmasına katkı sağlar. Bu araştırmanın amacı, trompe l’oeil tekniğinin ne olduğunu ve gastronomi alanındaki örnek çalışmaları, literatür taraması yoluyla derlemektir. Bu tekniğin yiyecek ve içecek işletmelerinde kullanımının artması ve tüketim esnasında bireylere eşsiz bir deneyim sunması, aynı zamanda sanatsal kavram olarak gastronomi alanına güncel bir araştırma konusu sağlaması açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın alan yazına katkı sağlayacağı öngörülmektedir.
Türkiye de Profesyonel Turist Rehberliği Mesleğinde Uzmanlaşma: Bölgelerin Mevcut Durumu ve Geleceğe Dönük Öneriler (Specialization in Professional Tourist Guiding Profession in Turkey: Current Situation of The Regions and Future Recommendations)
Authors: KARAMUSTAFA Kurtuluş , KILIÇHAN Bilgehan
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye özelinde profesyonel turist rehberliği mesleğinde uzmanlaşma konusunda mevcut durumu değerlendirmek ve bölgeler bazında potansiyel uzmanlaşma alanlarını tespit ederek geleceğe yönelik önerilerde bulunmaktır. Literatür incelendiğinde turist rehberliğinde uzmanlaşma konusunda gerçekleştirilen çalışmaların uzmanlık türlerinin açıklanması ve meslek örgütlerinin organize ettiği uzmanlık eğitimleri üzerine gerçekleştirilen çalışmalar olduğu görülmektedir. Ancak bu çalışma ile mevcut durum ortaya konulup potansiyel uzmanlık alanları değerlendirilmekte, eksikliklere dikkat çekilip geleceğe yönelik önerilerde bulunulmaktadır. Bu bakımdan, kavramsal bir çalışma özelliği taşıyan bu çalışmanın literatürdeki eksikliği doldurarak akademik çevrelere faydalı bir çalışma olması olasıdır. Diğer taraftan gerek sektörde profesyonel olarak turist rehberliği mesleğini icra eden kişilere, gerekse turist rehberliği mesleğini yapmak üzere eğitim alan adaylara yoğun rekabet ortamında diğer meslektaşlarından farklılaşmalarına yönelik yol gösterici bir çalışma olması nedeniyle önemli bir çalışma olarak görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, literatür taramasından hareketle, çalışmada öncelikle turist rehberliğinde uzmanlaşma konusu irdelenmiş ve Türkiye'de gerçekleştirilen uzmanlık eğitimlerinden hareketle mevcut durum değerlendirilmiştir. Ardından, Türkiye'de bölgelerin turizm potansiyellerine göre turist rehberliği uzmanlık alanları ortaya konulmuş ve dikkat çeken eksiklikler vurgulanmıştır. Sonuç bölümünde ise genel bir değerlendirme yapılarak akademik çevrelere ve sektör uygulayıcılarına yönelik çıktılar tartışılmış, gelecek çalışmalara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Akış Deneyimi ve Varoluşsal Otantiklik Deneyimi İnanç Turizminde Deneyimlenebilir mi Meryem Ana Evi nde Hac İbadetine Katılanlara Yönelik Bir Araştırma (Can Flow Experience and Existential Authenticity Experience Be Experienced in Religious Tourism A Research on Attending the Pilgrimage at the House of Virgin)
Authors: MEYDAN UYGUR Selma , ÇIVGIN Havva
Published: April 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Meryem Ana Evi’ne giderek hacı olmuş Hristiyanların akış deneyimi ve varoluşsal otantiklik deneyimlerini anlamaktır. Araştırmada geçerliği artırmak için nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden görüşme, gözlem ve döküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 5 Hristiyan hacı ile detaylı bir şekilde telefonla görüşme yapılmıştır. Mevcut araştırmada görüşme sonuçlarından hareketle, katılımcıların çoğunluğu (K1, K3, K4, K5 ) için ritüel sırasında zaman algısının önemini yitirmesi, akış ve varoluşsal otantiklik deneyimlerini bir arada yaşadıklarını göstermektedir. Katılımcıların çoğunluğunun (K1, K3, K5) ritüele yoğun bir şekilde odaklanması, kendinden geçmesi, kendini her şeyden soyutlayıp akışa kapılması, akış ve varoluşsal otantiklik deneyimlerini bir arada yaşadıklarını kanıtlar niteliktedir. Mevcut araştırmada gözlem sonuçlarından hareketle, çoğu ziyaretçinin duygu seline kapılması ve dualara eşlik etmesi, bu iki deneyimi bir arada yaşadıklarını göstermektedir. Mevcut araştırmada doküman analizi sonuçlarından hareketle, akış ve varoluşsal otantiklik deneyiminin birbirine çok benzer özellikler taşıdığı ve iç içe geçmiş olduğu sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Mevcut araştırmada görüşme, gözlem ve doküman analizi sonucunda, inanç turizminde akış ve varoluşsal otantikliğin deneyimlenebileceği ortaya çıkmıştır.
Otel İşletmelerinde Karanlık Kişilik Özelliklerinin Nepotizme Etkisi: Erzurum Örneği (The Effect of Dark Personality Traits on Nepotism in Hotel Businesses: Erzurum Case)
Authors: BALTACI Fatih , YILDIRIM Fatih
Published: April 2024

Nepotizmin bulunduğu örgütlerde liyakat ve adalet prensiplerinin göz ardı edildiği, kaynakların sınırlı bir çevreye aktarıldığı ve örgütsel verimliliğin azaldığı bir ortamın varlığı görülmektedir. Diğer yandan bazı karanlık kişilik özellikleri barındıran yöneticiler, nepotik tutumun artmasına sebep olabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada yöneticilerin karanlık kişilik özelliklerinin örgütlerdeki nepotizmi nasıl etkilediğini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında yöneticinin karanlık kişilik özellikleri ve nepotizm arasındaki ilişkiyi ölçmek amacıyla anket tekniğinden yararlanılarak Erzurum ili Palandöken Kayak Merkezinde faaliyet gösteren yıldızlı otellerde çalışan 181 personelden veriler elde edilmiştir. Verilere öncelikle doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış ve karanlık kişilik özellikleri makyavelizm ve narsizm olarak, nepotizm ise terfi ve işe alma süreçlerinde kayırmacılık olarak alt boyutlara ayrılmıştır. Makyavelizmin, hem terfi hem de işe alma süreçlerinde kayırmacılığı anlamlı ve olumlu olarak etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca narsizmin de terfi ve işe alma süreçlerinde kayırmacılığı anlamlı ve olumlu olarak etkilediği ortaya konulmuştur.
Türkiye de Airbnb Kullanıcılarının Tesis Değerlendirmelerini Etkileyen Faktörler (Factors Influencing Airbnb Facility Ratings in Türkiye)
Authors: AYDIN ÜNAL Duygu
Published: April 2024

Paylaşım platformları, sürdürülebilir tüketim için önerilen bir alternatif olmanın ötesinde, tüketicilerin farklı ve entegre çözümlere duyduğu ihtiyacın bir yansıması olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu makalede, Airbnb platformunun tüketicilerin değerlendirme puanlarında etkisi olan özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Airbnb tesisinin sunduğu özellikler bağımsız değişken olarak ele alınmıştır. Bağımsız değişkenler sırasıyla şöyledir; tesisin konumu, ev sahibinin sorulara yanıt verme durumu, Airbnb tesisinin manzarası, tesise ait otoparkın olup olmadığı, ısıtma soğutma olanaklarının varlığı, tesisin sunduğu dış mekân olanakları, sunulan diğer hizmetler, uzun süre kalış olanağı, kahvaltının dâhil olup olmaması, fiyat, aile için sunulan olanakların varlığıdır. Bağımlı değişken olarak ise tesise verilen genel değerlendirme puanı alınmıştır. Araştırmada yer alan Airbnb tesislerinde tüketicilerin verdikleri puanın ortalama üstü olmasına etki eden faktörler, konum, dağ manzarası, ev sahibinin soruları yanıtlama durumu olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Tanınırlığı Arttırmada Yerel Mutfak Kültürü Çıktılarının Önemi; Kayseri Mutfak Kültürü Örneği (The Importance of Local Culinary Culture Outputs in Increasing Recognition; The Case of Kayseri Culinary Culture)
Authors: AYYILDIZ Sibel , YÜKSEL Nisa
Published: April 2024

Bu araştırma Kayseri ilinin mutfak kültürü çıktılarını kayıt altına almak ve bu mutfak kültürünün bölge tanıtımına katkı sağlama durumunu incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Kayseri mutfak kültürü envanteri kapsamında yeterli çalışmaya rastlanmaması bu araştırmayı planlamada önemli bir motivasyondur. Nitel araştırma deseniyle yürütülen çalışma 30 Ağustos 2023-1 Mart 2024 tarihleri arasında Kayseri ili merkezinde yürütülmüştür. Kayseri’de doğmuş, büyümüş ve mutfak kültürü ile iç içe yaşamış olan 45 yaş ve üstü 21 kadın ile yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Araştırma amaçlı örneklem yöntemi kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz yapılarak bulgular bölümünde yorumlanmıştır. Yapılan araştırmada bölge mutfağında yer alan unlu mamuller, et ve et yemekleri ile kurubaklagil yemeklerinin envanteri çıkarılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmada sahip oldukları mutfak kültürünün Kayseri’yi tanıtma konusunda yeterli olduğu, fakat coğrafi işaretli ürünler için verilen çabalara ve bölge turizmi için verilen gayretlere rağmen hala tanınırlık konusunda yetersiz kaldığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bölge halkının mutfak kültürlerinin tanıtımı konusunda yerel idarelerden, ilgili üniversite yetkilileri ve bölge şeflerinden daha girişimci çözümler üretmeleri konusunda beklentileri olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Döviz Kurları, Turizm Giderleri ve Yurtdışına Giden Vatandaş Sayıları Arasındaki İlişkiler: Granger Nedensellik Testi (Relationships Between Exchange Rates, Tourism Expenditures, And The Number of Citizens Traveling Abroad: Granger Causality Test)
Authors: BEZİRGAN Elif
Published: April 2024

Turizm gideri, ikameti ülke içi olup yurt dışına seyahat amaçlı giden Türkiye Cumhuriyeti vatandaşlarının tatil süresince gerçekleştirdikleri harcamaları ifade etmektedir. Yıllar içerisinde sürekli bir artış trendine sahip olan turizm gideri, turizm geliri kavramı kadar önem arz eden bir unsurdur. Net turizm gelirinin hesaplanmasında periyod içerisinde elde edilen turizm gelirinden turizm giderinin çıkarılması ile net turizm geliri ortaya çıkmaktadır. Genellikle akademik çalışmalar turizm geliri üzerine odaklanmış durumdadır. Ancak ülkenin elde ettiği turizm geliri kadar turizm gideri de araştırılması gereken bir konudur. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada turizm gideri konusu ele alınmış, döviz kurları ile turizm gideri arasında nedensellik ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda ilk olarak, verilerin durağanlığını değerlendirmek amacıyla ADF birim kök testi uygulanmış ve ardından bir VAR modeli oluşturularak Granger nedensellik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, turizm giderleri ile döviz kurları (EURO ve USD) arasında, döviz kurları ile de turizm giderleri arasında Granger nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilememiştir. Başka bir ifade ile ‘döviz kurlarında meydana gelen değişim, yurt dışına çıkan vatandaşların yapmış olduğu harcamaların nedeni değildir’ sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır. Aynı şekilde araştırma sonuçları, turizm giderlerinden döviz kurlarına olan bir nedensellik olmadığını da göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, USD ile toplam çıkış yapan vatandaş sayısı arasında karşılıklı olarak bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilememişken, EURO para birimi ile yurtdışına çıkış yapan vatandaş sayısı arasında karşılıklı bir Granger nedensellik ilişkisi saptanmıştır.
The Nutritional Content of Traditional Corn Bread and its Carotenoid Values
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Batuhan , AKAR ŞAHİNGÖZ Semra
Published: April 2024

Commonly found in nature are the pigments in many food groups. It has a significant function in the human body, such as strengthening immune system and specifically due to its provitamin A and antioxidant effects. With carotenoids’ chemical functions, they help to prevent a number of health problems before they occur in the body and to improve diseases existing. The aim of the study is to determine the carotenoid and nutritional elements of corn bread that was produced with flour obtained from local corn in Turkey. Experimental research method was used in the research and these samples were subjected to chemical analysis. Within the scope of the study, lutein, beta carotene, lycopene, energy, moisture, ash, protein, carbohydrate, dietary fibre, and fat analyses were made for three samples: corn flour, bread dough mix and baked corn bread. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the prepared corn bread is rich in lutein, protein, dietary fibre and natural oil and it is valuable in terms of the energy that it provides, but after the heat treatment, some of the nutrients are decreased.
Yeşil Yıldızlı Otellerin Atık Gıda Uygulamaları; İstanbul Örneği (Waste Food Practices of Green Star Hotels; Istanbul Example)
Authors: ERTAŞ SABANCI Ayşen , ONUR Neslihan
Published: April 2024

Gıdaların tarladan sofraya gelinceye kadar olan tüm süreçlerinde ekonomik ve çevresel kayıplar yaşanmaktadır. Kaynakların kullanımı sırasında en az kayıpla işlenmesi ve oluşan gıda atıklarının uygun şekillerde geri dönüştürülerek yeniden kullanılması da gastronomi alanında sürdürülebilirlikle ilişkilendirilebilmektedir. Araştırmanın amacı, İstanbul ilinde faaliyet gösteren yeşil yıldızlı otellerin atık gıda uygulamalarını incelemektir. Çalışma atık gıda uygulamalarının ortaya çıkarılması ve bu uygulamaların literatüre kazandırılarak yiyecek içecek işletmelerine fikir vermesi ve örnek olması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Araştırmacı tarafından işletmede çalışan yiyecek içecek müdürleri ve mutfak şefleriyle görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Bu nedenle çalışmada veri toplamak için görüşme (mülakat) tekniğinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin analizinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada verilerin analizleri sonucunda yeşil yıldızlı otellerin atık gıda uygulamaları ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu uygulamalar; “geri dönüşüm”, “alternatif uygulamalar”, “ürünü dönüştürme”, “tekrar kullanma” ve “imha etme” temaları altında belirtilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada Covid-19 sürecinin işletmelerin atık gıda uygulamalarını nasıl etkilediği ve işletmelerin sürdürülebilir atık gıda uygulamalarına ilişkin sonuçlarına da yer verilmiştir.