bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reprezentări ale tranziției postsocialiste în fotografie: Boris Mikhailov, Alexander Gronsky, Tamas Dezsö
Authors: Ilie Sofia
Published: November 2024

In this essay I adress the issue of postsocialist transition as it was captured by three photographers of the former socialist states: Boris Mikhailov, Alexander Gronsky, Tamas Dezsӧ. The sudden transition that followed the fall of the Berlin Wall had visible consequences on the socio-economic reality in Eastern Europe, „the post-soviet man” trapped in a liminal space, on the border between a failed ideological project he tries to erase from its history (socialism) and one that fails to fulfil its promises, and even proves destructive (neo-liberalism). Combating normative Northwest European aesthetics, through the selected series of photographs I make a critique of the post-socialist period, showing in what way the new reality of late capitalism ruins homeless bodies and derelict spaces. Boris Michailov shows that the new dominant ideology is written in the flesh, choosing to take photos of the social class that suffers the most in post-socialism, and Alexander Gronsky and Tamas Dezsӧ contribute to a panorama of places that are no longer destinations in themselves, but unwelcoming or abandoned, because in late capitalism people migrate to metropolises.
Keywords: postsocialism, postcolonial effect, documentary photography, corporeality, corpo-politics of knowledge, normative aesthetics, liminal spaces.
Literatura română și basarabeană în dialog interperiferic: circulația modelului literar basarabean
Authors: Vîrban Iulia Maria
Published: November 2024

This article explores the inter-peripheral relationship between Romania and the Republic of Moldova, focusing on two aspects: a sociological perspective and a literary analysis of four Bessarabian authors—Vasile Ernu, Iulian Ciocan, Liliana Corobca, and Tatiana Țîbuleac. Sociologically, I examine how institutions like the Romanian Cultural Institute (ICR) increase Bessarabia’s visibility and reduce its peripheral status by promoting its literature in transnational fields. Also, the internationalization of Bessarabian literature is seen in the alignment of Moldovan prose with Romanian literary trends, particularly in the tension between memory-focused and “presentist” novels. This process involves both identification with post-2000 Romanian literary changes and an exoticization linked to the authors’ Soviet, Russophile aesthetics, clearly reflected in their narratives, and this topic will be the focus of the article’s second part.
Bauhaus 100+1
Authors: Quintana Guererro Ingrid , Peña Iguavita César Augusto , Gutierrez Jiménez Virginia
Published: November 2024

Bauhaus 100+1: Reverberaciones latinoamericanas hace parte de un esfuerzo por entender la producción del mundo material latinoamericano desde sus relaciones con los fenómenos culturales, estéticos y pedagógicos que produjo la icónica escuela alemana. En este libro el modernismo latinoamericano emerge con voz propia, revelando tanto las coincidencias como las disparidades, los encuentros y desencuentros con influencias, intelectuales y creadores europeos. Así, expertos en distintas disciplinas y territorios reflexionan en este compendio sobre cómo la tradición y la vanguardia coexisten pacífica y conflictivamente en la modernidad latinoamericana, entendiendo las reverberaciones como el producto prolongado de diálogos transcontinentales e interdisciplinares. Al tiempo que esta obra presenta nuevas comprensiones sobre el complejo proceso de modernización y el papel fundamental de las artes en este contexto, también rinde testimonio de la exposición Bauhaus Reverberada, realizada en el 2021 y que ya es hoy una plataforma de eventos virtuales y presenciales.
COMPLICAÇÕES PÓS-CIRÚRGICAS E REABILITAÇÃO NO CÂNCER DE MAMA: PERSPECTIVAS MULTIDISCIPLINARES
Authors: Junqueira Marina da Silva , Honorato Pedro Fechine , Teixeira Pedro Henrique Moura , Montenegro Ana Karolina Tenorio , Barel Pamella Simoes
Published: November 2024

Este artigo buscou discutir a importância da implementação de estratégias de reabilitação integral para a melhoria da qualidade de vida em mulheres submetidas à mastectomia, abordando as dificuldades enfrentadas no pós-operatório, como linfedema, dor crônica e os impactos emocionais associados. A pesquisa avalia a eficácia das intervenções terapêuticas, incluindo drenagem linfática, atividades físicas e suporte psicológico, com o objetivo de promover uma recuperação mais completa e reduzir as limitações impostas por essas complicações. Analisando estudos recentes (2020-2024), o trabalho examina a interação das abordagens integradas e seu papel fundamental na manutenção da saúde física e emocional das pacientes, que, muitas vezes, enfrentam desafios significativos para reintegração e bem-estar em um contexto onde as demandas de reabilitação são intensas. Este estudo reforça a relevância de uma visão multidisciplinar que vá além do tratamento físico, incluindo o suporte emocional como um dos pilares essenciais para a recuperação plena, oferecendo caminhos para uma adaptação mais equilibrada e diminuindo os efeitos negativos que afetam a qualidade de vida destas mulheres em longo prazo.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA UNIÃO EUROPEIA PARA A MANUTENÇÃO DA PAZ PERMANENTE NA EUROPA
Authors: Lima Wallace Moacir Paiva
Published: November 2024

A União Europeia (UE) é amplamente reconhecida como um dos projetos de paz mais bem-sucedidos da história moderna, consolidando a estabilidade em um continente marcado por guerras ao longo dos séculos. Este artigo explora a importância da UE para a manutenção da paz permanente na Europa, desde sua fundação até os desafios contemporâneos. A análise destaca os principais mecanismos de cooperação econômica e política da UE, o papel da Política de Segurança e Defesa Comum (PESD) e as operações de paz fora das fronteiras europeias. Além disso, o texto aborda os obstáculos enfrentados pela UE, como o crescimento do nacionalismo, o Brexit e as divergências de interesses em questões de segurança. Conclui-se que, apesar dos desafios, a União Europeia continua sendo um exemplo de paz duradoura, que depende de sua capacidade de adaptação e fortalecimento da coesão entre os Estados-Membros.
O USO DA MAMOGRAFIA COMO RASTREIO DE CÂNCER DE MAMA NO BRASIL
Authors: Alkmim Amanda Milagres Mata Machado , Vieira Anna Clara Reis Guedes , Brandao Gabrielle Cristina Santiago , Porto Isabella Caldas , Requeijo Márcio José Rosa
Published: November 2024

Contexto: O câncer de mama é o mais prevalente entre as mulheres no Brasil e no mundo, sendo a principal causa de morte por câncer entre brasileiras. A detecção precoce é fundamental para aumentar as chances de cura, e a mamografia é considerada o método mais eficaz nesse rastreamento. A recomendação é que mulheres entre 50 e 69 anos realizem mamografias a cada dois anos. O exame utiliza raios X para formar imagens das mamas, permitindo a identificação de lesões malignas em estágios iniciais. Além disso, há dois tipos principais de mamografia: a convencional e a digital, cada uma com suas vantagens. A classificação dos achados é feita conforme o sistema BI-RADS, e as condutas variam de acordo com o risco de malignidade. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do rastreamento mamográfico na redução da mortalidade por câncer de mama, discutir suas limitações, incluindo a ocorrência de falsos positivos e a exposição à radiação, e comparar a mamografia com outros métodos de imagem, como a ultrassonografia e a ressonância magnético. Metodologia: A metodologia do artigo consiste em uma revisão da literatura e na análise de dados registrados em sistemas de informação, como o SISCAN (Sistema de Controle de Exames do SUS) e o INCA (Instituto Nacional de Câncer). Resultados: A realização da mamografia regular reduziu em média 30% das mortes por câncer de mama em mulheres com mais de 50 anos e possui uma taxa de acurácia que varia de 80% a 90% em mulheres assintomáticas, permitindo a identificação de tumores no estágio inicial. Entretanto, esse método envolve uma série de riscos e limitações como falsos-positivos e exposição à radiação ionizante, portanto pode ser associado ou substituído por outros métodos, como Ressonância Magnética e Ultrassonografia. Conclusão: O exame de mamografia já mostrou ser uma ferramenta crucial no rastreamento e diagnóstico precoce do câncer de mama, mas, no Brasil, a prática do rastreamento ainda apresenta desafios.
O PRINCÍPIO DA INSIGNIFICÂNCIA NOS CRIMES CONTRA A ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: Machado Rosana Marinho , Carmo Delner do
Published: November 2024

O presente trabalho abordou sobre o Princípio da Insignificância nos crimes contra a administração pública. O princípio da insignificância tem como fundamento excluir a tipicidade material nos crimes a qual os danos lesivos sejam pequenos e citará casos abordados pelos tribunais superiores. Este princípio foi inferiorizado no ordenamento jurídico pátrio, no entanto ele tem sido aplicado em casos em que as partes são particulares. Porém tanto a jurisprudência como a doutrina nessa estrutura jurisprudencial sobre o presente tema, reduz a possibilidade de incidência do princípio da insignificância nos crimes praticados contra a administração pública, de acordo o artigo 37 da Constituição Federal é restrito, em razão da natureza jurídica e dos princípios e outros que são essenciais na administração pública. A metodologia que será aplicada é do tipo qualitativa, com pesquisa explicativa através de estudos em doutrinas, artigos eletrônicos e jurisprudência. Os resultados observamos que fica caberá ao juiz decidir com base na gravidade do caso apresentado. E a conclusão temos que o princípio da insignificância aplicado nos crimes contra administração pública tem uma essência de estudar cada caso e aplicar suas sanções através da gravidade do crime.
OS EFEITOS DA MUSICOTERAPIA NO TRATAMENTO DA ANSIEDADE: APLICAÇÕES TERAPÊUTICAS E BENEFÍCIOS
Authors: Cunha Luisa Peclat Vasconcelos da , Perez Alexandre Garrido Roux , Travassos Gabriella Maria Goulart , Vieira Giovanna Gomes , Mendonça Luiza Severiano Carvalho de , Lima Ramon Fraga de Souza
Published: November 2024

A musicoterapia é uma terapêutica que utiliza a música para tratamento de doenças e promoção de saúde. Tal terapêutica pode ser aplicada em contextos diversos, como em salas de cirurgia; durante tratamentos de terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC) e grupos de canto. O objetivo desta revisão foi analisar a eficácia da musicoterapia para a ansiedade, observando os grupos que se beneficiam do uso da terapia musical, as doenças beneficiadas, os locais de aplicabilidade expressiva, analisar o seu manejo mais eficaz e os cenários que não houveram mudanças ou houveram efeitos negativos ao seu uso. Foi realizada uma busca por trabalhos prévios na plataforma PubMed e BVS, e um total de 25 artigos científicos foram incluídos após a utilização dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Entre os estudos analisados foi observado que a musicoterapia é eficaz para o tratamento da ansiedade e tem benefícios também em doenças crônicas, por meio da diminuição da ansiedade corporal. Não houveram efeitos adversos ou pior evolução das doenças, e os estudos em que não foram vistos benefícios foram o menor número entre os estudados. A musicoterapia melhora a qualidade de vida em cenários clínicos diversos, sendo uma estratégia que corrobora para a evolução positiva da doença.
EIXO INTESTINO-PELE: A INFLUÊNCIA DA MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL NO ENVELHECIMENTO CUTÂNEO
Authors: Martins Thailaine Scotti , Andrade Mariana Moreira
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A ligação bidirecional entre a homeostase cutânea e a disbiose, bem como a influência da microbiota intestinal e seu potencial imunomodulador em órgãos distantes como a pele, tornou-se um campo de pesquisa em expansão, acompanhando o fenômeno do envelhecimento populacional juntamente com o desenvolvimento de estratégias prevenir o envelhecimento prematuro e retardar o envelhecimento cronológico de forma saudável. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, utilizando descritores como envelhecimento cutâneo, disbiose intestinal, microbiota intestinal, eixo intestino-pele, probióticos e prebióticos. As bases de dados eletrônicas pesquisadas foram NCBI, PubMed, Scielo e Google Scholar. A pesquisa foi realizada entre março e novembro de 2024, nos idiomas inglês e português. Um total de 25 artigos foram utilizados como base para o estudo em questão. Referencial Teórico: Desequilíbrios na microbiota, conhecidos como disbiose, podem comprometer a função imunológica e a saúde da pele, contribuindo para o envelhecimento cutâneo. Fatores como dieta e medicamentos influenciam a disbiose e sua relação com o envelhecimento.  Estudos recentes confirmam a existência do eixo intestino-pele, onde a modulação dessa interação por prebióticos e probióticos pode promover benefícios à saúde da pele. Consideraçoes finais: este trabalho contribui para pesquisas futuras, a fim de elucidar os mecanismos subjacentes às interações microbianas intestino-pele, especialmente para a formulação de novas estratégias e intervenções para prevenir envelhecimento prematuro da pele, retardar o envelhecimento cronológico de forma saudável e preservar a saúde da pele.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA TECNOLOGIA NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Mota Maria Fabrícia Alves , Lopes Ana Gleice Rocha , Gomes Antonio José Ferreira , Miorando Carine Juliane Priebe , Sousa Ingraça Ferreira de , Lopes Maria Inês Coradini
Published: November 2024

Este estudo investigou a importância da tecnologia na formação de professores no século XXI, destacando os desafios, as estratégias de capacitação e os impactos dessa transformação no processo educacional. O objetivo geral foi analisar como as tecnologias influenciam a formação docente e como os professores têm se adaptado às novas demandas educacionais. A pesquisa foi conduzida por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, utilizando fontes acadêmicas, livros e artigos especializados. A análise indicou que as tecnologias, como plataformas de e-learning, MOOCs e Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVAs), têm contribuído para a personalização do ensino, o desenvolvimento de habilidades tecnológicas e o aprimoramento das práticas pedagógicas. No entanto, identificaram-se barreiras, como a falta de infraestrutura, a resistência dos professores e a escassez de formação específica, que dificultam a plena integração das tecnologias na formação docente. As considerações finais apontaram que a tecnologia desempenha uma função primordial na formação de professores, mas exige planejamento adequado, suporte contínuo e uma infraestrutura eficiente para ser  implementada. A pesquisa também sugeriu a necessidade de estudos futuros que explorem as realidades educacionais diversas e como as tecnologias podem ser   integradas aos currículos de formação de professores.
The return to 1980 stratospheric halogen levels: a moving target in ozone assessments from 2006 to 2022
Authors: Lickley Megan J. , Daniel John S. , McBride Laura A. , Salawitch Ross J. , Velders Guus J. M.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The international scientific assessment of ozone depletion is prepared every 4 years to support decisions made by the parties to the Montreal Protocol. In each assessment an outlook of ozone recovery time is provided. The year when equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine (EESC) returns to the level found in 1980 is an important metric for the recovery of the ozone layer. Over the past five assessments, the expected date for the return of EESC to the 1980 level, for mid-latitudes, was delayed, from the year 2049 in the 2006 assessment to 2066 in the 2022 assessment, which represents a delay of 17 years over a 16-year assessment period. Here, we quantify the primary drivers that have delayed the expected EESC recovery date between each of these assessments. We find that by using identical EESC formulations, the delay between the 2006 and 2022 assessments' expected return of EESC to 1980 levels is shortened to 12.6 years. Of this delay, bank calculation methods account for ∼ 4 years, changes in the assumed atmospheric lifetime for certain ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) account for ∼ 3.5 years, an underestimate of the emission of carbon tetrachloride accounts for ∼ 3 years, and updated historical mole fraction estimates of ODSs account for ∼ 1 year. Since some of the underlying causes of these delays are amenable to future controls (e.g., capture of ODSs from banks and limitations on future feedstock emissions), it is important to understand the reasons for the delays in the expected recovery date of stratospheric halogens.
Development of a high-spatial-resolution annual emission inventory of greenhouse gases from open straw burning in Northeast China from 2001 to 2020
Authors: Song Zihan , Zhang Leiming , Tian Chongguo , Fu Qiang , Shen Zhenxing , Zhang Renjian , Liu Dong , Cui Song
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Open straw burning has been widely recognized as a significant source of greenhouse gases (GHGs), posing critical risks to atmospheric integrity and potentially exacerbating global warming. In this study, we proposed a novel method that integrates crop cycle information into extraction and classification of fire spots from open straw burning in Northeast China from 2001 to 2020. By synergizing the extracted fire spots with the modified fire radiative power (FRP) algorithm, we developed high-spatial-resolution emission inventories of GHGs, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). Results showed that the northern Sanjiang Plain, eastern Songnen Plain, and eastern Liao River plain were areas with high intensity of open straw burning. The number of fire spots was evaluated during 2013–2017, accounting for 58.2 % of the total fire spots observed during 2001–2020. The prevalent season for open straw burning shifted from autumn (pre-2016) to spring (post-2016), accompanied by a more dispersed pattern in burning dates. The 2-decade cumulative emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O were quantified at 198 Tg, 557 Gg, and 15.7 Gg, respectively, amounting to 218 Tg of CO2-eq (equivalent). Significant correlations were identified between GHG emissions and both straw yield and straw utilization (p<0.01). The enforcement of straw-burning bans since 2018 has played a pivotal role in curbing open straw burning and has reduced fire spots by 51.7 % on an annual basis compared to 2013–2017. The novel method proposed in this study considerably enhanced the accuracy in characterizing spatiotemporal distributions of fire spots from open straw burning and quantifying associated pollutant emissions.
Cluster-to-particle transition in atmospheric nanoclusters
Authors: Wu Haide , Knattrup Yosef , Jensen Andreas Buchgraitz , Elm Jonas
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The formation of molecular clusters is an imperative step leading to the formation of new aerosol particles in the atmosphere. However, the point at which a given assembly of molecules represents an atmospheric molecular cluster or a particle remains ambiguous. Applying quantum chemical calculations, we elucidate this cluster-to-particle transition process in atmospherically relevant sulfuric acid–base clusters. We calculate accurate thermodynamic properties of large (SA)n(base)n clusters (n=1–15), with SA being sulfuric acid and the base being either ammonia (AM), methylamine (MA), dimethylamine (DMA) or trimethylamine (TMA). Based on our results, we deduce property-based criteria for defining freshly nucleated particles (FNPs), which act as a boundary between discrete cluster configurations and large particles. We define the onset of FNPs as being when one or more ions are fully solvated inside the cluster and when the gradient of the size-averaged binding free energy approaches zero. This definition easily allows the identification of FNPs and is applicable to particles of arbitrary chemical composition. For the (SA)n(base)n clusters studied here, the cluster-to-particle transition point occurs around 16–20 monomers. We find that the formation of FNPs in the atmosphere depends greatly on the cluster composition and atmospheric conditions. For instance, at low temperature (278.15 K) and high precursor concentration (AM =10 ppb and MA =10 ppt), the SA–AM and SA–MA systems can form clusters that grow to and likely beyond ∼ 1.8 nm sizes. The SA–DMA system forms clusters that grow to larger sizes at low temperature (278.15 K), independent of the concentration (DMA =1–10 ppt), and the SA–TMA system (1:1 acid–base ratio) can only form small clusters that are unable to grow to larger sizes under the studied conditions.
Precise dating of deglacial Laptev Sea sediments via 14C and authigenic 10Be∕9Be – assessing local 14C reservoir ages
Authors: Nicolas Arnaud , Mollenhauer Gesine , Lachner Johannes , Stübner Konstanze , Malter Maylin , Wollenburg Jutta , Grotheer Hendrik , Adolphi Florian
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Establishing accurate chronological frameworks is imperative for reliably identifying lead–lag dynamics within the climate system and enabling meaningful intercomparisons across diverse paleoclimate proxy records over long time periods. Robust age models provide a solid temporal foundation for establishing correlations between paleoclimate records. One of the primary challenges in constructing reliable radiocarbon-based chronologies in the marine environment is to determine the regional marine radiocarbon reservoir age correction. Calculations of the local marine reservoir effect (ΔR) can be acquired using independent 14C dating methods, such as synchronization with other well-dated archives. The cosmogenic radionuclide 10Be offers such a synchronization tool. Its atmospheric production rate is controlled by the global changes in the cosmic ray influx, caused by variations in solar activity and geomagnetic field strength. The resulting fluctuations in the meteoric deposition of 10Be are preserved in sediments and ice cores and can thus be utilized for their synchronization. In this study, for the first time, we use the authigenic 10Be/9Be record of a Laptev Sea sediment core for the period 8–14 kyr BP and synchronize it with the 10Be records from absolutely dated ice cores. Based on the resulting absolute chronology, a benthic ΔR value of +345 ± 60 14C years was estimated for the Laptev Sea, which corresponds to a marine reservoir age of 848 ± 90 14C years. The ΔR value was used to refine the age–depth model for core PS2458-4, establishing it as a potential reference chronology for the Laptev Sea. We also compare the calculated ΔR value with modern estimates from the literature and discuss its implications for the age–depth model.
Multi-centennial climate change in a warming world beyond 2100
Authors: Lee Sun-Seon , Sharma Sahil , Rosenbloom Nan , Rodgers Keith B. , Kim Ji-Eun , Kwon Eun Young , Franzke Christian L. E. , Kim In-Won , Sreeush Mohanan Geethalekshmi , Stein Karl
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Sustained anthropogenic perturbations are anticipated to influence Earth's climate system well beyond the 21st century. Despite growing interest in climate change after 2100 and improved computational resources, multi-century climate projections remain limited in number. Here, we examine a set of 10 ensemble simulations extending the Community Earth System Model 2 large ensemble (CESM2-LE) from 2101 to 2500 under the shared socio-economic pathway (SSP)3-7.0 scenario, which involves the reduction of fossil and industrial CO2 emissions to zero by 2250. By the year 2500, substantial forced changes are projected in both the spatial and temporal characteristics of variability and mean states. Post-2100, El Niño-Southern Oscillation variability is expected to diminish, while the tropical intraseasonal variability will notably strengthen. The mean state changes include a global mean temperature rise of 12 °C and a 23.5 % increase in global precipitation compared with historical observations. Additionally, substantial soil carbon release from permafrost thawing is projected over Siberia and Canada, resulting in a shift of land from a carbon sink to a carbon source after the 22nd century. The ocean experiences a rapidly diminished capacity to absorb anthropogenic CO2 after the 21st century, while nevertheless continuing to act as a carbon sink, with an increased contribution from the Southern Ocean to total carbon uptake. The model also projects a considerable decline in low-latitude marine primary production, which is linked to a considerable depletion of PO4 in the local mesopelagic domain. At urban scales, the extended simulations reveal substantial projected changes in the amplitude and phasing of precipitation seasonality, with the same holding for the partial pressure of CO2 in seawater at regional scales, demonstrating that post-2100 changes are not simply amplifications of projected 21st century changes. Taken together, these new simulations highlight the far-reaching impacts of multi-centennial climate change on both human societies and global ecosystems.
Evaluating Weather and Chemical Transport Models at High Latitudes using MAGIC2021 Airborne Measurements
Authors: Langot Félix , Crevoisier Cyril , Lauvaux Thomas , Abdallah Charbel , Pernin Jérôme , Lin Xin , Saunois Marielle , Guedj Axel , Ponthieu Thomas , Roiger Anke , Gottschaldt Klaus-Dirk , Fiehn Alina
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Methane (CH4) fluxes emitted by wetlands at high latitudes remain one of the largest sources of uncertainties in global methane budgets. At these latitudes, flux estimation approaches, such as atmospheric inversions, are impacted by improper characterisation of atmospheric transport due to challenging meteorological conditions and a lack of measurements. Here, we assess the performances of ERA5 reanalysis, mesoscale simulations from WRF-Chem, and various atmospheric transport models from several global and regional inversion systems using meteorological and CH4 in-situ measurements collected during the MAGIC2021 campaign near Kiruna, Sweden. Over six measurements days in August 2021, ERA5 exhibited better agreement with observations than WRF-Chem thanks to data assimilation. Nevertheless, WRF-Chem demonstrated proficiency in simulating local atmospheric dynamics. Among global simulations of atmospheric concentrations of CH4, inversion-optimised simulations of CH4 concentrations yielded the best performances, particularly near the surface, with CAMS v21r1 marginally outperforming PYVAR-LMDz-SACS ensemble inversions. WRF-Chem regional simulations revealed performance disparities among CH4 products, with positive biases in the boundary layer indicative of an overestimation of wetland emissions by selected wetland flux models. All transport models exhibited a vertically delayed gradient of CH4 mixing ratios near the tropopause, resulting in a positive bias in the stratosphere. The high vertical resolution of CAMS hlkx facilitated a better representation of the vertical structure of CH4 profiles in the stratosphere. Despite the limited spatiotemporal scope of MAGIC2021, we were able to identify the best performing transport models and to evaluate fluxes from different biogeochemical model parametrisations using the MAGIC2021 high-resolution dataset.
Topographic stresses affect stress changes caused by megathrust earthquakes and condition aftershock seismicity in forearcs: Insights from mechanical models and the Tohoku-Oki and Maule earthquakes
Authors: Dielforder Armin , Bocchini Gian Maria , Hampel Andrea
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Aftershocks of megathrust earthquakes at subduction zones may be driven by stresses arising from the topography of the forearc. However, the effect of topographic stresses on aftershock triggering is quantitatively not well understood and has been neglected in Coulomb failure stress models that assess whether the stress change caused by an earthquake promotes or inhibits failure on nearby faults. Here we use analytical and numerical models to examine the importance of topographic stresses on stress changes caused by megathrust earthquakes in the forearc. We show that the superposition of topographic and tectonic stresses leads to a dependence of the stress change on the stress state of the forearc. The dependence on the forearc stress state largely determines the coseismic stress change induced by a megathrust earthquake and must be considered when calculating Coulomb failure stress changes. We further show that increases in Coulomb failure stress promoting widespread failure in the forearc are only possible if topographic stresses dominate the regional stress field after the megathrust earthquake. Applying our modelling approach to the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki and 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule megathrust earthquakes shows that the effect of topographic stresses caused Coulomb failure stress changes of up to ~40 MPa, which promoted the majority of aftershocks in the Japanese and Chilean forearcs. The model results further reveal that the spatial distribution of aftershocks was influenced by local differences in pre-earthquake stress states, fault strength and megathrust stress drop. Our analysis highlights the significance of topographic stresses in Coulomb failure stress calculations, enabling a better estimation of seismic hazard at subduction zones.
Global basic landform units derived from multi-source digital elevation models at 1 arc-second resolution
Authors: Yang Xin , Li Sijin , Ma Junfei , Chen Yang , Zhou Xingyu , Li Fayuan , Xiong Liyang , Zhou Chenghu , Tang Guoan , Meadows Michael
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Landforms are fundamental components of the Earth surface, providing the base on which surface processes operate. Understanding and classifying global landforms, which record the internal and external dynamics of the planet's evolution, constitutes a critical aspect of Earth system science. Advances in Earth observation technologies have enabled access to higher resolution data, for example remote sensing imagery and digital elevation models (DEMs). However, landform data with a resolution of approximately 1 arc-second (approximately 30 m) are lacking at the global scale, which limits the progress of geomorphologic studies at finer scales. Here, we propose a novel framework for global landform classification and release a unique dataset called Global Basic Landform Units (GBLU), which incorporates a comprehensive set of objects that constitute the range of landforms on Earth. Constructed from multiple 1 arc-second DEMs, GBLU ranks among the highest-resolution global geomorphology datasets to date. Its development integrates geomorphological ontologies and key derivatives to strike a balance between mitigating local noise and preserving valuable landform details. GBLU categorizes the Earth's landforms into three levels with 26 classes, yielding discrete vector units that record landform type and distribution. Comparative analyses with previous datasets reveal that GBLU enhances capture of landform details, enabling more precise depiction of geomorphological boundaries. This refinement facilitates the identification of novel spatial disparities in landform patterns, exemplified by marked contrasts between Asia and other continents, and highlights the distinct prominence of China in terms of landform diversity. Given that the fundamental data resolution of GBLU accords well with available remote sensing datasets, it is readily incorporated into analytical workflows, exploring the relationship between landforms, climate and land cover. The full data set is available on the Deep-time Digital Earth Geomorphology platform and Zenodo (Yang et al., 2024; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13187969).
Regional modelling of extreme sea levels induced by hurricanes
Authors: Chaigneau Alisée A. , Menéndez Melisa , Ramírez-Pérez Marta , Toimil Alexandra
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Coastal zones are increasingly threatened by extreme sea level events, with storm surges being among the most hazardous components, especially in regions prone to tropical cyclones. This study aims to explore the factors influencing the performance of numerical models in simulating storm surges in the tropical Atlantic region. The maxima, durations, and time evolutions of extreme storm surge events are evaluated for four historical hurricanes against tide gauge records. The Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) and Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) ocean models are compared using similar configurations in terms of domain, bathymetry, and spatial resolution. These models are then used to perform sensitivity experiments on oceanic and atmospheric forcings, physical parameterizations of wind stress, and baroclinic/barotropic modes. NEMO and ADCIRC demonstrate similar abilities in simulating storm surges induced by hurricanes. Storm surges simulated with ERA5 atmospheric reanalysis forcing are generally more accurate than those simulated with parametric wind models for the simulated hurricanes. The inclusion of baroclinic processes improves storm surge amplitudes at some coastal locations, such as along the southeastern Florida peninsula (USA). However, experiments exploring different implementations of wind stress and interactions among storm surges, tides, and mean sea level have shown minimal impacts on hurricane-induced storm surges.
Understanding the impact of data gaps on long-term offshore wind resource estimates
Authors: Jonietz Alvarez Martin Georg , Watson Warren , Gottschall Julia
Published: November 2024

Abstract. In the context of a wind farm project, the wind resource is assessed to predict the power output and the optimal positioning of wind turbines. This requires taking wind measurements on the site of interest and extrapolating these to the long term using so-called “measure, correlate, and predict” (MCP) methods. Sensor, power supply, and software failures are common phenomena. These disruptions cause gaps in the measured data, which can especially be long in offshore measurement campaigns due to harsh weather conditions causing system failures and preventing servicing and redeployment. The present study investigates the effect of measurement data gaps on long-term offshore wind estimates by analyzing the bias they introduce in the parameters commonly used for wind resource assessment. Furthermore, it aims to show how filling the gaps can mitigate their effect. To achieve this, we perform investigations for three offshore sites in Europe with 2 years of concurrent measurements. We use reanalysis data and various MCP methods to fill gaps in the measured data and extrapolate these data to the long term. Current standards demand high data availability (80 % or 90 %) for wind measurement campaigns, so we expect that the effect of missing data on the uncertainty in long-term extrapolations is of the same order of magnitude as other uncertainty components such as the measurement uncertainty or the inter-annual variability. Nevertheless, our results show that the effects of gaps are considerably smaller than the other uncertainty components. For instance, gaps of 180 d cause an average deviation of the long-term mean wind speed of less than 0.04 m s−1 and a 95th percentile deviation of less than 0.075 m s−1 for all tested sites. Due to the low impact of gaps, gap filling does not have the potential to significantly reduce the uncertainty in the long-term extrapolation.
La transición infinita. La “insurrección oligárquica” contra el Estado Plurinacional
Authors: Bautista S. Rafael
Published: November 2024

El golpe que se dio en Bolivia en octubre de 2019 no puede ser abordado como si se tratara de un “golpe clásico”, sino que se inscribe en la nueva definición conceptual de lo que significa un “golpe suave”, al interior de la terminología que usa el “smart power” imperial. Fue planificado como una “revolución de colores” pensada para implosionar procesos democráticos desde adentro. Precisamente la novedad de esta modalidad golpista es uno de los factores que descolocó a muchos analistas,  pues  si  lo  que  se tiene es una idea clásica de “golpe”, mal se puede entender este tipo de modalidad que el Imperio ha desarrollado para ejercer un nuevo tipo de control y dominación de su ámbito periférico. En ese sentido, la definición de “transición infinita” quiere señalar el carácter embaucador que usó el gobierno golpista para autodefinirse como “de transición” cuando, en los hechos, se atribuyó un comportamiento estatal que desdecía su pretendido carácter transitorio.
Hay golpes en la vida…
Authors: Paredes Julieta Elisa
Published: November 2024

Desde la evocación, este artículo recoge los sentimientos y posicionamientos generados al calor del compromiso con las luchas de las organizaciones sociales del pueblo boliviano. Expresa un punto de partida vital para la memoria del territorio: el atrevimiento de hombres y mujeres de los pueblos originarios que, osada y creativamente, usaron la democracia, instrumento creado por la burguesía, a favor de un proceso de cambios que propuso la refundación y resignificación de los territorios de la llamada Bolivia. En medio de esas reflexiones, el artículo señala el papel desempeñado por mujeres conservadoras y racistas en la gestación del golpe y busca visibilizar las posiciones políticas de hombres y mujeres que, al margen de los análisis estigmatizadores, daban cuenta de estar lejos del comportamiento de masa que iba tras el caudillo. Me refiero a las movilizaciones del pueblo en defensa de logros históricos nunca antes vistos ni sentidos por los cuerpos herederos de una ancestralidad milenaria.
Modeling active mobility choices in urban spaces: A preface
Authors: Bouzouina Louafi , Kourtit Karima , Nijkamp Peter
Published: November 2024

This note presents the scope and contents of a special collection in the Journal of Transport and Land Use, devoted to the theme of “Modeling Choice Behavior of Cyclists and Pedestrians in Urban Activity Space.” The aim of the special issue is to explore the significance of active transport modes—specifically, cycling and walking—in promoting sustainable urban mobility. In the face of increasing urban mobility demands and the pressing need to meet environmental and climate goals, this collection of studies presents new analytical and empirical insights into the factors influencing cycling and pedestrian behaviors. The research highlights the interplay between infrastructural support, socioeconomic conditions, and user perceptions, providing recommendations for policymakers and urban planners. By examining diverse contexts, from university settings to micromobility patterns in urban centers, the findings presented in this special issue highlight the potential of active transport modes to foster healthier lifestyles and reduce reliance on motorized vehicle use.
Del cyborg al techno-sapiens: Repensando el futuro de la reproducción humana
Authors: Otín-Gavín Jorge
Published: November 2024

Davis-Floyd, Robbie (Ed.) (2021). Birthing Techno-Sapiens. Human-Technology Co-Evolution and the Future of Reproduction. Nueva York: Routledge.
Los deportes de naturaleza en las áreas protegidas. El caso del Parque Nacional de los Picos de Europa (España)
Authors: García Rodríguez Noelia
Published: November 2024

Este artículo aborda los deportes de naturaleza en el Parque Nacional de los Picos de Europa (España) a partir de una densa etnografía. El objetivo general es avanzar en el análisis de la patrimonialización natural, la terciarización de las zonas rurales montañosas y, en concreto, en el impacto y gestión de las actividades deportivas en las áreas protegidas, así como en las percepciones, prácticas y lógicas narrativas en torno a éstas. En la actualidad, la economía de los municipios situados dentro y en los alrededores de este Parque Nacional está volcada al sector servicios. En conjunto, la principal fuente de ingresos es el turismo deportivo y de naturaleza. Este constituye en Picos de Europa un sello de identidad y es el principal baluarte sobre el que se vuelcan las expectativas de desarrollo local.
Teoria a historia: relacje między wolnością a religią. Wstęp do analizy wybranych kwestii
Authors: Szabaciuk Wojciech
Published: November 2024

This article is an attempt to analyze and interpretative of relations between freedom and the religion. Author discuss a main threat to the freedom and the religion, which is an absolutistic power. This article focus on positions of the English Philosopher in person of Lord Acton, and also a representatives of the Austrian School. Author pointed out, that in the sphere of the philosophy of theAustrian School key representatives of this economic and social school like Murray Rothbard, used a methodology, tools and historical perspective of Lord Acton. Representatives of the Austrian Schools shows, that Roman Catholic Church has a positive and significant role in the promotion of personal liberties in the sphere of political history and also economic and social theory. Despites of the agnostic beliefs and Jewish origins of Rothbard, he was a scientific defender of history and philosophy of Fathers of the Church, and used Thomistic concepts of natural law and rational ethics in his own libertarian theory. Author pay a special attention to interpretative a history of political thought and philosophy of Middle Ages, especially in the sphere of defense of personal liberties and also the critic of absolutistic power in the political actions and political theory.
Formação do professor para educação infantil e anos iniciais - sentidos, significados e diversidade de saberes e de práticas no contexto da educação de surdos
Authors: Viana Flávia Roldan , Silva Igor Rauan Soares da , Silva Lucas Toshio Nascimento da
Published: November 2024

Este artigo versa sobre a relação entre a formação do pedagogo e a construção de sentidos, significados e diversidade de saberes de práticas no contexto da educação de surdos/as na Educação Infantil e anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. A pesquisa aqui apresentada articulou questões relativas à formação inicial, aos conhecimentos e competências do professor pedagogo e a produção de materiais didáticos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de surdos/as, em um curso de Pedagogia, no ano de 2023. A pesquisa realizada enquadra-se na modalidade estudo de caso, com viés qualitativo-interpretativo e utilizou a Análise Textual Discursiva na discussão dos dados. Os principais resultados apontam para uma reflexão acerca da pessoa surda enquanto sujeito que se comunica e se expressa pela língua de sinais, o que torna necessário superar as práticas pedagógicas ouvintistas.
Online School Education in India during Coronavirus Pandemic: Benefits and Challenges
Authors: N. Patel Vinay
Published: November 2024

The present paper focus on the requirement of online education for school students during the Corona virus pandemic which has shut all schools in India. With the purpose to continue imparting education, the educators and teachers have been using e-learning approach to teach remotely on digital platforms a source to bring the classroom to home. But it is important to highlight the challenges of online learning, how students without reliable internet access and technology struggle to participate in digital learning, whether the use of technology is proved less economical or it has improved the quality of the education and what are the impacts of online education on students. There are also few suggestions to overcome challenges of online education and the means to make online education a success in near future in the country like India.
जनपद प्रयागराज के बारा तहसील में भूमि उपयोग प्रतिरूप का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन
Authors: कुमार शैलेन्द्र
Published: November 2024

किसी भी क्षेत्र के भूमि उपयोग प्रतिरूप के कालिक परिवर्तन का विश्लेषण वर्तमान और भूतकालीन विकास के स्तर को प्रदर्शित करता है, इसलिए इसके द्वारा भावी विकास की संभावनाओं का आंकलन किया किया जा सकता है। वर्तमान में बढ़ते जनदबाव के कारण भूमि का अनुकूलतम उपयोग करना अनिवार्य हो गया है अध्ययन क्षेत्र बारा तहसील में विभिन्न सामाजिक, आर्थिक एवंम् भौतिक कारकों के कारण भूमि उपयोग में स्थानिक विषमता देखने को मिलती है। बारा तहसील में चट्टानी संरचना में काफी विषमता पाई जाती है। इस शोधपत्र का मुख्य उद्देश्य तहसील मे भूमि उपयोग के स्थानिक प्रतिरूप में हो रहे परिवर्तनों का विश्लेषण करना है। प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र द्वितीयक आंकड़ों पर आधारित है, जोकि जनपद प्रयागराज की जनगणना हस्तपुस्तिका 2011, जनपद प्रयागराज की सांख्यिकीय पत्रिका वर्ष 2001 एवं 2021, जनपद प्रयागराज गजेटियर से प्राप्त किये गये हैं। तालिका, मानचित्र, ग्राफ एवं पाई डायग्राम कंप्यूटर की सहायता से निर्मित किया गया है। मानचित्र के निर्माण हेतु ।तब ळप्ै साफ्टवेयर का प्रयोग किया गया है। जनदबाव एवं आधारभूत सुविधाओं में वृद्धि के कारण भूमि उपयोग प्रतिरूप में तीव्र गति से परिवर्तन हो रहा है। बारा तहसील में कृषि योग्य व्यर्थ भूमि में भूमि सुधार कार्यक्रमों के कारण कमी आयी है। तहसील में ऊसर भूमि में वृद्धि देखी जा रही है, जिसके सुधार हेतु उचित प्रयास अति आवश्यक है। शुद्ध वापित भूमि में वृद्धि हुई है।
भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था में मोबाइल उद्योग का योगदान (Contribution of Mobile Industry in Indian Economy)
Authors: चन्द्र समरवार यतीश
Published: November 2024

भारत में मोबाइल उद्योग वर्तमान में देश के सकल घरेलू उत्पाद में 6.5 प्रतिशत का योगदान देता है तथा 4 मिलियन से अधिक लोगों को रोजगार देता है। एक सरकारी रिपोर्ट में कहा गया है कि देश के सकल घरेलू उत्पाद में मोबाइल उद्योग का योगदान 2020 तक बढ़कर 8.2 प्रतिशत हो जाएगा।
निरोग और योग का आंतरिक संबंध
Authors: Tripathi Rajesh
Published: November 2024

योग और ध्यान को, भारत की ही तरह, यूरोप में भी मूल रूप से एक धार्मिक-आध्यात्मिक विषय ही माना जाता था। उनकी उपयोगिता को लेकर गंभीर क़िस्म के वैज्ञानिक शोध नहीं होते थे। किंतु अब वैज्ञानिक जितना ही अधिक शोध कर रहे हैं, उतना ही अधिक मुग्ध हो रहे हैं। लंबे समय तक यूरोप वालों के लिए भी योग का अर्थ शरीर को खींचने-तानने और ऐंठने-मरोड़ने की एक कठिन भारतीय ’हिंदू’ कला से अधिक नहीं था। ’हिंदू’ शब्द उसकी व्यापक स्वीकृति और वैज्ञानिक अनुमति में मनोवैज्ञानिक बाधा डालने के लिए कभी-कभार अब भी उसके साथ जोड़ा जाता है।
Contractul de împrumut
Authors: Mihăilă Cosmin-Răzvan , Mihăilă Cristina-Ileana
Published: November 2024

"Potrivit dispozițiilor art. 2144 Cod civil, împrumutul este de două tipuri: împrumutul
de folosință și împrumutul de consumație. Contractul de împrumut de folosință
este contractul cu titlu gratuit prin care o parte, numită comodant, remite un bun
mobil sau imobil celeilalte părți, numite comodatar, pentru a se folosi de acest
bun, cu obligația de a-l restitui după un anumit timp. Contractul de împrumut de
consumație este contractul prin care o parte (împrumutătorul) remite celeilalte
părți (împrumutatul) o sumă de bani sau alte bunuri fungibile și consumptibile prin
natura lor, iar împrumutatul se obligă să restituie, după o anumită perioadă de
timp, aceeași sumă de bani sau cantitate de bunuri de aceeași natură și calitate.
Contractul de împrumut de folosință este esențialmente cu titlu gratuit, deoarece,
dacă folosința ar fi cedată în schimbul unei sume de bani sau al unei alte prestații,
contractul s-ar transforma într-unul de locațiune. Contractul de împrumut de
consumație poate fi atât cu titlu gratuit, cât și cu titlu oneros. În acest din urmă
caz, prestația la care se obligă împrumutatul ca echivalent al acordării folosinței
bunurilor se numește dobândă. Această noțiune este diferită de cea de dobândă
legală, modalitate de evaluarea legală a prejudiciului suferit de creditor prin
executarea cu întârziere, în mod culpabil, de către debitor a obligației de plată a
unei sume de bani. Aparent, s-ar putea trage concluzia că, în cadrul contractului
de împrumut, există obligații care cad în sarcina împrumutătorului. Acest lucru nu
este adevărat, deoarece contractul de împrumut este un contract real, pentru a
cărui încheiere valabilă este necesară, pe lângă consimțământul părților, și
predarea efectivă a bunului sau bunurilor ce fac obiectul contractului. Drept
urmare, predarea bunurilor nu este o obligație, în sarcina împrumutătorului,
ulterioară momentului încheierii contractului, ci este un element esențial – condiție
de validitate – necesar pentru formarea valabilă a contractului. Obligațiile
împrumutatului constau în obligația de restituire a bunului, în cazul împrumutului
de folosință, respectiv în obligația de restituire a aceleiași sume de bani sau a
unei cantități de bunuri de aceeași natură și calitate cu cele pe care împrumutatul
le-a primit, în cazul împrumutului de consumație. În cazul împrumutului de
consumație cu titlu oneros, împrumutatul are și obligația de plată a dobânzii – preț
al folosinței bunurilor."