bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Perceived Stress and Loneliness in Older People with Depression
Authors: Satvinder Singh Saini  , Mandeep
Published: December 2021

It has been documented that elderly are more prone to psychological problems and depression is the commonest geriatric psychiatric disorders. In fact, the elderly in India face a multitude of psychological, social and physical health problems. In a cross-sectional study, it was found that in persons of 65 years and older, the perceived adequacy of emotional and tangible support was clearly associated with depressive symptoms. Aim and Objective: To study the relationship between Perceived Stress and Loneliness in Older People with and without Depression. Sample and Methodology: This study comprised of 60 (30 with depression and 30 without depression) participants of age 60 years or above. The sample was selected with purposive incidental sampling technique. Material used: Geriatric Depression Scale- 30, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and UCLA-loneliness scale were administered after taking consent from the participants. Results: Result shows the comparison of means between depressive (case-group) and non-depressive (control-group) as per the scores on Perceived Stress Scale and University of California Log Angeles Loneliness Scale. On UCLA-loneliness scale, the scores of depressive group were found to be statistically significant at 0.01 levels (t-value 19.547) in comparison to non-depressive group and on Perceived Stress Scale, the scores of depressive groups were also found to be statistically significant at 0.01 levels (t-value 14.716) in comparison to non-depressive group. Conclusion: In brief, the findings of the study show that perceived stress and loneliness are the contributory factors of depression. It has also been observed that depressed people perceive more stress, loneliness than non-depressed older people.
Assessment of Depression and its Risk Factors among Patients with Long Bone Fracture in Karimnagar District of Telangana
Authors: K. Harish Chandra Reddy  , Puli Santosh Reddy  , P. Kishan
Published: December 2021

Background: Depression is likely to affect the outcome of the patients with long bone fractures. It also affects the duration of stay post operatively and seeks more medical attention than in normal patients. Objective: To assess depression and its risk factors among patients with long bone fracture in Karimnagar district of Telangana Methods: Nature of the study was descriptive and design of the study is prospective and cross sectional in orthopedic Department of the teaching hospital. Population for the study was patient including inpatients and out patients of orthopedic department in follow up. Sample size 50 was selected for the further statistical analysis in the present study. Data was collected from patients and informants from orthopedic Department. Results: 60% patients had fractures in the lower limb. 53% patients had fractures of the right limb. 90% patients were with closed fractures. 89% patients underwent surgical management. Age, Type of Family, Type of Fracture and Type of Treatment were found to be significantly associated factors with Depression. (p < 0.05) Conclusion: Depression was common among patients undergoing orthopedic surgery for fracture of long bones. Depression was significantly associated with age, type of family, type of fracture and type of treatment.
Coping and Psychological Distress in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: Role of Pre-Operative Psycho-Education
Authors: Dr. Usha Chivukula  , Dr. Durgesh Nandinee
Published: December 2021

Surgery is associated with an increase in emotional arousal and has a negative impact on the adjustment and recovery from the surgery. Uncertainty, perceived loss of control and post-surgery pain, financial matters, and aspects related to returning back to his/her family role are all sources of stressors for the patient undergoing elective surgery. Coping has also been found to play a mediating role in reducing stress and promoting post-surgery adjustment. When surgery is associated with high levels of psychological distress and anxiety the role of psycho-education becomes significant. The present study aims at investigating the role of pre-operative psychoeducation on coping and psychological distress. The findings indicated significant differences in the two groups, control and experimental on coping and hospital anxiety and depression. The results revealed that preoperative psychoeducation can enhance coping strategies and mitigate anxiety and depression in patients undergoing elective surgery.
Positivity: An Antidote to Health Problems
Authors: Dr. Shobhana Abhyankar  , Dr. Megha Deuskar
Published: December 2021

The present study investigated the relationship of five positives, i.e. Happiness, Gratitude, Hope, Forgiveness and Resilience, both individually as well as cumulatively with Health. A sample of 300 individuals in the age bracket 20 to 60 yrs (mean age = 32.60 yrs), was administered the PsyPositive, a test measuring positivity index, along with Abhyankar’s Health Screening Index that assesses health by measuring the frequency of reported health symptoms during the past year. The findings revealed a significant negative relationship between positivity index and health problems thereby highlighting a close link between positivity and good health. Moreover, Hope, Resilience, Forgiveness, Gratitude and Happiness also were individually negatively correlated with health problems. The results thus supported the hypotheses of the study and also provided strong evidence for criterion-related validity of the PsyPositive.
Social Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence: Correlational Analysis among Secondary School Students in Different Achievement Levels
Authors: Dixon P. Thomas  , Dr. K. V. Jeeva Rathina
Published: December 2021

The present study aims to explore the relationship between social intelligence and emotional intelligence of secondary school students in different levels of academic achievement. The Social Intelligence Test and the Emotional Intelligence Scale developed by the investigators for the purpose of the study were administered to gather data from a stratified random sample of 628 high school students in the age range 13 to 16. The analysis of the data with SPSS revealed that presence of significant difference among high-, average-, and low achievers in secondary school students with regard to their social intelligence and emotional intelligence. The study exposed the presence of low, but significant positive correlation between social intelligence and emotional intelligence of secondary school students. The high-, average-, and low achievers, however, do not differ significantly with regard to the degree of relationship between their social intelligence and emotional intelligence.
Working Memory Predicts Reading Skills of Children at Risk of Dyslexia
Authors: Sandhyarani Hawbam
Published: December 2021

Working memory enables storage of information in our mind for brief periods and makes it available for current thinking and activities. Many studies have documented the role of working memory in academic achievements. The study examines the relationship between working memory and reading skills among children at risk of dyslexia. It also attempts to see if working memory can significantly predict these reading skills. The study comprises 40 children at risk of dyslexia selected through purposive sampling method. Various standardized tools were used to assess working memory and reading skills of the participants. The data were quantitatively analyzed using correlation and regression analysis methods. The findings of the study show that there is statistically significant relationship between working memory and reading skills among children at risk of dyslexia and working memory can predict reading skills such as reading rate, accuracy and fluency. However no significant relationship was found between working memory and comprehension. It confirms various theories that emphasize on the role working memory in reading. Thus it can be inferred that training targeting working memory may improve reading skills.
Why Should I Share: A Study of Knowledge Sharing in the Indian Context
Authors: Nandini Biswas  , Rajlakshmi Guha
Published: December 2021

The possession of valuable knowledge provides companies with sustained competitive advantage over competitors. The success of knowledge management initiatives by organizations hinges on the knowledge sharing behavior of its people. Using the framework of social exchange theory, we examined the effects of organizational rewards and perceived benefits to the team on employees’ knowledge sharing with their team members. The research model was validated through an online survey of 198 respondents working with high-technology firms in India. Consistent with expectations, both organizational rewards and perceived benefits to the team significantly impacted people’s knowledge sharing.
Study of Impact of Family on the Adjustment of Adolescents
Authors: Dr. Md. Mahmood Alam
Published: December 2021

The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of family on the adjustment of adolescents. Descriptive survey method of research was used for collecting the data using Personal information schedule developed by investigator and Adjustment Inventory developed by Sinha and Singh. (1971). The sample comprised of randomly selected 120 adolescents (Nuclear Families: 60 and Joint Families: 60) studying in Xth class in Darbhanga town (Bihar). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to compare the means between the groups. Findings of the study revealed that (i) there is significant difference between adolescents from nuclear and joint families on the measure of emotional adjustment (ii) there is significant difference between adolescents from nuclear and joint families on the measure of social adjustment (iii) there is significant difference between adolescents from nuclear and joint families on the measure of educational adjustment.
Adjustment of College Student In Relation To Certain Variables in Rajkot City
Authors: Dr. Tarlika L Zalawadia
Published: December 2021

The cardinal object of the present study was to investigate the adjustment of the B.Sc and M.Sc students. The present study consisted sample of 400 students subjects (200 boys and 200 girls), selected through random sampling technique from Rajkot city of Gujarat state. Data was collected with the help of K. G. Desai adjustment inventory. For data analysis and hypothesis testing Mean, SD, and t-test was applied. Results revealed that there is a significant difference between boys and girls students with respect to their adjustment.
Effect of Socio-Economic Status on Motor Fitness Parameters
Authors: Yuvraj Singh Ranawat  , Dr. Um Singh Rathore
Published: December 2021

Despite being challenged in recent years, the hypothesis that individuals of higher socioeconomic status (SES) are more physically active than their lower SES counterparts is generally considered a fact. The present paper is to study the effect of socio-economic status on motor fitness of university level players. The sample consists of 450 university level players from three universities of Udaipur. The Socio-economic scale by Kuppuswami and Aapher fitness test is used as tools of the study. The one way ANOVA was used and results indicate that there is significant effect of socio-economic status on motor fitness of university level players.
Education Facing A Uncertain And Haisty World: Contributes For A Critical Teleological Reframing
Authors: REİS Carlos Francisco
Published: December 2021

The author starts by presenting the challenges of the endangered environment we live in, marked by growing populations, hypermobility, resources depletion, climate degradation, a promising as menacing artificial intelligence and bioengineering revolutions, the end of static and predictable labour markets, as well as the acceleration are steering the general dynamics intertwined with a narratives void connected to a growing fragmentation of our lives that faces change as the only constant. To what Education is appointed as the contemporary “key differentiator, namely in developing the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values that enable people to contribute to and benefit from an inclusive and sustainable future. Character qualities and soft competencies appear as part of the social dynamics that implies civic participation and trust forming a kind of social glue, indispensable for creating the environment conducive to exhort the values, the attitudes and the behaviours of compromise, compliance, as well as of risk-taking, change and innovation that are needed. Secondly, the concept of competencies is discussed to show how knowledge, Know-How, attitudes and values are intertwined to compose a complex construct. Concluding that we need Humanities as we need Sciences and Mathematics, meaning STEM not just balanced with STEAM (Sciences, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics), but their integration foresaw as an indissociable whole, corresponding to the integrality of the conception we advocate for conceptualizing humankind. Thirdly, the teleological question is considered as fundamental and constitutive of education, meaning that as a practice it necessarily remits to an indispensable normative horizon of referents. The author proposes an antinomical approach to the functions of education, namely, qualification, socialisation and subjectification. Which thwarting that only accepts, at best, an adaptation which forces the subject to an operative that could destroy the space for the inclusion of differences is denounced and, pointing to teleological referent where, not only the educands are given a qualification but also the opportunity to grow through socialization processes and by opening the ways to construct their subjectification, without which they will never achieve the status of being authors of the own personhood, owners of their own lives, meaning that education ought to address the empowerment and emancipation of living minds. The person’s emergence and affirmation are stated as the core to articulate the values of interpellating the purposes of the current dominant regimen and envisage a breakthrough to emancipatory education.
Digital Games Designed By Prospective Teachers in The Scratch Program Through The Eyes of Mathematics Teachers
Authors: GÖKKURT ÖZDEMİR Burçin , BASIR Rabia , BALBAY Aleyna , MEREDOVA Patmanur , ÇAĞLAR Kübra
Published: December 2021

The Scratch programming tool is an effective tool for the logical problem-solving skills of middle school students with its ease, richness of their visual characters and all their objects, as well as processing skills. In particular, the fact that research has shown that teaching with Scratch has a positive effect on students' mathematical achievements in algebraic expressions indicates that a different teaching method can be used in the field of algebra learning. Therefore, it is believed that the use of mathematics teachers in the lesson by learning this program before service will contribute to the students ' learning and love of mathematics. The aim of the research is to examine the opinions of mathematics teachers about the games that prospective teachers design in the Scratch program. The participants of this study, in which the case study was conducted, are six mathematics teachers. The research process was carried out in three stages. In the first stage, 13 games were designed by prospective teachers about achievements in algebraic expressions. In the second phase, six mathematics teachers were asked to score these games according to the revised rubric of Li et al (2013). In the third stage, teachers' opinions on the reasons for the scores they gave to the games were taken. Kappa coefficients were calculated for the scoring compliance among teachers. Qualitative data analysis techniques were used in the analysis of teacher opinions. In this study, it was revealed that most teachers found the games interesting, cle, and instructive/reinforcing. Some teachers found the games original, while others stated that they were classic games that they often encountered. In addition, some teachers emphasized that they can use these games in their lessons, while others stated that they cannot use them in their lessons for reasons such as missing instructions, code errors, and lack of program.
UNITY OF MATERIAL AND SPIRITUAL IN THE LIGHT OF COEVOLUTION
Authors: Некрасова Нина Андреевна , Некрасов Сергей Иванович
Published: December 2021

Целью статьи является анализ обоснование необходимости пересмотра одностороннего представления о взаимодействии духа и материи, бытия и сознания. Основным методом исследования является диалектический анализ взаимосвязи и неразрывного единства противоположных начал человеческого бытия (материи и духа). Результатом исследования является попытка доказать, что материя и дух образуют живую материально-духовную действительность, единую непротиворечивую субстанцию, которая не нуждается в другом основании как условии своего существования, а выступает своей собственной основой. Заслуга авторов состоит в доказательстве того, что существует единая субстанция, - духоматерия, которая содержит в себе и материальную действительность, и потенциально заложенную в ней духовную деятельность человека как естественно развивающуюся область мироздания, заключающую в себе всё многообразие социально-духовного бытия человека, ибо человек как материальное явление, так и его духовность - это результат развития единой всеобщей космической субстанции мироздания - духоматерии. Теоретическая и практическая значимость статьи содержится в попытке доказать не просто взаимосвязь материального и духовного начал, но определить основы взаимодействия этих начал как двух сторон единой космической субстанции мироздания и их диалектического взаимоперехода на разных этапах конкретных форм существования. Авторам удалось углубить предложенную проблематику, что может быть использовано для дальнейшего теоретического анализа проблемы.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the substantiation of the need to revise the onesided idea of the interaction of spirit and matter, being and consciousness. The main research method is the dialectical analysis of the relationship and indissoluble unity of the opposite principles of human existence (matter and spirit). The result of the study is an attempt to prove that matter and spirit form a living material-spiritual reality, a single consistent substance that does not need another basis as a condition for its existence, but acts as its own basis. The merit of this approach consists in proving that there is a single substance - spirit-matter, which contains both material reality and the potential spiritual activity of a person embedded in it as a naturally developing area of the universe, containing all the diversity of social and spiritual life of a person, for a person as a material both the phenomenon and its spirituality are the result of the development of a single universal cosmic substance of the universe - spirit matter. The theoretical and practical significance of the article is presented in an attempt to prove not just the relationship between material and spiritual principles, but to determine the basis of the interaction of these principles as two sides of a single cosmic substance of the universe and their dialectical transition at different stages of specific forms of existence. The outlined conclusions should lead to further theoretical analysis of this problem.
SYNERGETICS AND FRACTAL GEOMETRY: PROSPECTS FOR COOPERATION
Authors: Раков Даниил Васильевич , Стоцкая Татьяна Геннадьевна
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена анализу предпосылок образования синергетики и фрактальной геометрии с точки зрения историко-философского подхода. Авторы предпринимают попытку обоснования новых способов описания процессов, лежащих в основе положений синергетики путем применения фрактальной геометрии. Особое внимание уделяется рассмотрению перспектив использования основных положений синергетики и фрактальной геометрии к решению широкого спектра вопросов. Результаты анализа основных концепций теорий диссипативных систем, самоорганизации систем и фрактальной геометрии выявляют их согласованность в рамках постнеклассического научного познания. Теоретическая и / или практическая значимость исследования заключается в возможных перспективах в области моделирования поведения широкого ряда процессов различной природы с вероятным выявлением некоторых внесистемных механизмов функционирования, общих на своем начальном уровне для процессов любой природы.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the prerequisites for the formation of synergetics and fractal geometry from the point of view of the historical and philosophical approach. The authors attempt to substantiate new ways of describing the processes underlying the provisions of synergetics by applying fractal geometry. Particular attention is paid to the prospects of using the main provisions of synergetics and fractal geometry to solve a wide range of issues. The results of the analysis of the main concepts of the theory of dissipative systems, self-organization of systems and fractal geometry reveal their consistency within the framework of post-non-classical scientific knowledge. Theoretical and / or Practical Implications the purpose of this study is to identify possible prospects in the field of modeling the behavior of a wide range of processes of various nature with the likely identification of some non-systemic mechanisms of functioning that are common at their initial level for processes of any nature.
ANIMAL SIDE OF HUMAN ECONOMIC BEING
Authors: Мирошкин Михаил Сергеевич
Published: December 2021

Описываемая в статье проблема эволюционной трансформации экономической субъективности на два поляризованных модуса - человека и животного обусловливает разрушение их единства и формирование между ними экзистенциально значимой границы в форме негативности, через которую образуется стратегия выведения человеком себя из лона животного бытия в структуру либидинально экономического инобытия Другого. Проанализированная в историко-философском ракурсе тема Другого определяется различными философами, как стихийно интенсивная деконструкция человеческого и животного начал в способе их экономического сосуществования. В результате исследования выявлено, что неуравновешенная граница между животным и человеком в форме либидинального экономизма, выводит антропологическую субъективность на дегуманизацию ею своей же собственной аутентично имманентной ценности оживотворенного бытия.

The problem of the evolutionary transformation of economic subjectivity into two polarized modes, human and animal, described in this article, causes the destruction of their unity and the formation of an existentially significant border between them in the form of negativity, through which a strategy is formed for a person to remove himself from the bosom of animal existence into the structure of libidinal economic the other being of the Other. Analyzed in a historical and philosophical perspective, the theme of the Other is defined by various philosophers as a spontaneously intensive deconstruction of the human and animal principles in the way of their economic coexistence. As a result of this study, it has been revealed that the unbalanced boundary between animal and human in the form of libidinal economism leads anthropological subjectivity to dehumanize its own authentically immanent value of animate being.
DIGITAL EDUCATION AND THE EMOTIONAL WORLD OF STUDENTS
Authors: Храпов Сергей Александрович
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена комплексной проблеме цифровизации образования, изменению педагогических и воспитательных технологий, оказывающих влияние на эмоциональный мир обучающихся.

The article is devoted to the complex problem of digitalization of education, changes in pedagogical and educational technologies that affect the emotional world of students.
COMMUNICATION - TECHNOLOGY CONSUMER PROJECT (COPR). (TECHNOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION AND SCHEMATISATION)
Authors: Исаев Роман Олегович
Published: December 2021

Исследование коммуникации является одной из актуальных тем современной философии. Это оправданно с точки зрения постоянной динамики коммуникационных систем, развития языка и технологического прогресса. Автор ставит цель перейти от категориального рассмотрения коммуникации к установлению связей между мышлением и коммуникацией в деятельности, где в качестве последней выступают потребительские проекты. С одной стороны, такой подход к проблеме коммуникации во многом вдохновлён исследованиями Московского методологического кружка (ММК). С другой стороны, в исследовании предпринята попытка переосмыслить и усложнить исходную схематезацию для синтезирования нового знания. Автор предлагает трёхшаговую систему, где позиционирование субъектов коммуникации задано специфическими функциями и связями. Благодаря этому участники коммуникации могут перейти на уровень объективации ценностей, что позволяет уйти от классической дилеммы субъективации понятого в акте коммуникации.

The research of communication is one of the topics of modern philosophy. This is justified from the point of view of the constant dynamics of communication systems, language development and technological progress. In this article, the author aims to move from a categorical consideration of communication to establishing links between thinking and communication in activities where consumer projects act as the latter. On the one hand, this approach to the problem of communication is largely inspired by the research of the Moscow Methodological Circle (MMC). On the other hand, the study attempts to rethink and complicate the original schematization for synthesizing new knowledge. The author suggests a three-step system where the positioning of communication subjects is set by specific functions and connections. Thanks to this, communication participants can move to the level of objectification of values, which allows them to get away from the classic dilemma of subjectification of what is understood in the act of communication.
PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE DIGITAL HYGIENE OF LIFE
Authors: Буланов Владимир Владимирович
Published: December 2021

Автор статьи утверждает, что вопрос А. Камю о том, стоит ли человеческая жизнь того, чтобы её прожить, потому до сих пор не нашел убедительного ответа, что на него нельзя ответить сугубо теоретически. По мнению автора статьи, надо не только обосновать необходимость любви к жизни, но и научиться её практиковать. Он полагает, что практика любви к жизни предполагает следование гигиене жизни. Пребывание в цифровой реальности сильно влияет на жизнь человека. Поэтому современный человек должен следовать цифровой гигиене жизни. Цифровая гигиена жизни не может быть сведена к набору ряда рекомендаций, поскольку их выполнение должно стимулироваться убедительными мотивами. Эти мотивы, согласно автору статьи, являются философскими основами цифровой гигиены жизни и представляют собой приятие трех взаимосвязанных утверждений: мир природы ценнее цифровой реальности, должно воспитывать в себе все большую любовь к живым существам, противодействие механизации человеческого мышления.

The author of the article claims that the question of A. Camus whether a human life is worth living, has not yet found a convincing answer, because it cannot be answered purely theoretically. According to the author of the article, it is necessary not only to justify the need for love of life, but also to learn how to practice it. He believes that the practice of loving life involves following the hygiene of life. Being in a digital reality greatly affects a person's life. Therefore, a person, who is often present in a digital reality, should follow the digital hygiene of life. Digital hygiene of life cannot be reduced to the implementation of a number of recommendations, because their application must be stimulated by convincing motives. These motives, according to the author of the article, are the philosophical foundations of digital hygiene of life. They represent the acceptance of three interrelated statements: the natural world is more valuable than digital reality, it should cultivate an increasing love for living beings, and it should resist the mechanization of human thinking.
DIGITAL CONTOR OF THE MYSTERY
Authors: Комаров Георгий Владимирович
Published: December 2021

Экспансия цифровизации актуализирует проблему постижения тайны. Статья посвящена философской концептуализации цифровизации как объектного содержания тайны, осмыслению последствий цифрового принуждения в развитии и образовании человека.

He expansion of digitalization actualizes the problem of comprehending the secret. The article is devoted to the philosophical conceptualization of digitalization as the object content of the secret, understanding the consequences of digital compulsion in the development and education of a person.
RELATIONS BETWEEN RUSSIA AND CHINA FROM THE POSITION OF CHINESE MILITARY PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Кардашов Виктор Анатольевич
Published: December 2021

Целью статьи является рассмотрение общей тенденции отношений двух стран в контексте противостояния Китая давлению Запада. Используются методы общенаучной группы (анализ, синтез, дедукция, индукция); а также специальные методы: контентанализ научной литературы; фактографический анализ, метод ретроспективного анализа. Автор приходит к выводу, что китайская военная философия реализуется в стратегии «мягкой силы» Китая. В отношениях с Россией Китай не делает исключения из общих философских принципов взаимодействия с западной цивилизацией. Принципы военной философии Китая противоречат прогнозам о возможности военного союза с Россией. Теоретическая значимость исследования заключается в том, что отношения между Россией и Китаем рассматриваются с позиции основных принципов военной философии КНР.

Aim. The aim is the considering of the general trend in relations between the two countries in the context of China’s opposition to Western pressure. Methodology. General scientific group methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction); as well as special methods: content analysis of scientific literature; factual analysis, retrospective analysis method. Results. Chinese military philosophy is implemented in China’s «soft power» strategy. In relations with Russia, China makes no exceptions from the general philosophical principles of interaction with Western civilization. The principles of China’s military philosophy contradict forecasts of the possibility of a military alliance with Russia. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that relations between Russia and China are viewed from the standpoint of the basic principles of the military philosophy of the PRC.
SOCIAL ACTIVITY OF YOUNG PEOPLE AS A CONDITION FOR THE FUNCTIONING AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY
Authors: Литвинова Татьяна Ивановна
Published: December 2021

Рассматривается вопрос значения социальной активности молодежи для развития современного общества. Сделана попытка проанализировать противоречия, которые существуют в данной области. Рассматриваются концепции формирования социальной активности, в том числе и для конкретной среды - вузовского пространства. Представлены взгляды на формирование социальной активности А. Дистервега, А.В. Мудрика, В.З. Когана. Рассматривается понятие социальной активности, социально активной личности, определяется структура социальной активности и позиции в обществе у социально активной личности.

This article discusses the importance of social activity of young people for the development of modern society. An attempt is made to analyze the contradictions that exist in this area. The concepts of the formation of social activity, including for a specific environment - the university space, are considered. The views on the formation of social activity of A. Disterveg, A.V. Mudrik, V.Z. Kogan are presented. The concept of social activity, a socially active person is considered, the structure of social activity and the position in society of a socially active person is determined.
FROM RELIGIOUS DIVISION TO SOCIAL DIVISION: TO THE QUESTION OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE VIEWS OF A.P. SHCHAPOV
Authors: Архангельская Наталья Олеговна , Бондарева Яна Васильевна
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматривается эволюция взглядов А.П. Щапова на раскол. Первоначально он придерживался традиционной концепции, считавшей раскол порождением невежества народа и его приверженности старине. Через несколько лет Щапов уже утверждал, что раскол - это выражение недовольства народа усилением феодальной зависимости, проявившееся в религиозной форме. Причем среди направлений раскола он уделяет внимание тому, которое предполагало общий труд. Таким образом, его позиция совпала с позицией революционных демократов и некоторых русских историков, рассматривавших религиозные движения (преимущественно европейские) как форму выражения интересов определенных социальных групп.

The article considers the evolution of A. P. Shchapov's views on the religious split. Initially, he adhered to the traditional concept, which considered the split to be a product of the ignorance of the people and their adherence to the past. A few years later, Shchapov already argued that the split was an expression of the people's discontent with the strengthening of feudal dependence, manifested in a religious form. Moreover, among the directions of the split, he pays attention to the one that suggested common labor. Thus, his position coincided with the position of the revolutionary democrats and some Russian historians who considered religious movements (mainly European) as a form of expressing the interests of certain social groups.
N.I. KAREEV: INTERNATIONAL INTERNSHIPS AND MEETINGS AS A FORM OF SCIENTIFIC DIALOGUE
Authors: Михайлова Елена Евгеньевна
Published: December 2021

Показано, как Н.И. Кареев, петербургский историк, философ истории, позитивист, социолог рубежа XIX-XX вв., воспринимал и оценивал «встречу» разных культур во время своих заграничных научных командировок и частных поездок и как использовал этот потенциал в своих исследованиях. Встречи за границей для Кареева становились формой научного диалога, важного в перспективе международной исследовательской деятельности. Пространство заграничных общений осознавалось им многообразно: как культурная идентификация, совместная рефлексия над проблемой (М.М. Ковалевский), сравнение концепций (П.А. Кропоткин, А. Олар), встреча сознаний познающих субъектов (Н.-Д. Фюстель де Куланж), поиск новых методологических приемов (Ш.-В. Лангуа, Ш. Сеньобос).

It is shown how N.I. Kareev, a St. Petersburg historian, philosopher of history, positivist, sociologist of the turn of the XIX-XX centuries, perceived and evaluated the «meeting» of different cultures during his foreign scientific trips and private trips, and how he used this potential in his research. For Kareev, meetings abroad became a form of scientific dialogue, important events in the perspective of international research activities. The space of foreign communication was realized by him in many ways: as a cultural identification, a joint reflection on the problem (M.M. Kovalevsky), a comparison of concepts (P.A. Kropotkin, A. Olar), the meeting of the consciousness of cognizing subjects (N.-D. Fustel de Coulange), the search for new methodological techniques (S.-V. Langois, S. Senobos).
THE ROLE HAGIOGRAPHY IN THE OF G.P. FEDOTOV'S RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Бельчевичен Сергей Петрович , Рыбачук Вадим Борисович , Казанцева Ирина Александровна
Published: December 2021

Агиография занимает важное место в наследии Г.П. Федотова, обращение к этой проблематике связано с эволюцией его мировоззрения от марксизма к неохристианству. Под влиянием западной традиции Бл. Августина, П. Абеляра он обращается к святоотеческому наследию, рассматривая условия возникновения агиографических жанров, выявляет их особенности и критерии святости, описывает типы святости, сложившиеся на Руси.

Hagiography occupies a significant place in Fedotov's legacy; the appeal to this problem is connected with the evolution of his worldview from Marxism to neo-Christianity. Under the influence of the Western tradition of St. Augustine, P. Abelard, he turns to the patristic heritage, considering the conditions for the emergence of the hagiographic genre, identifies its features and criteria of holiness, describes the types of holiness that have developed in Russia.
DYNAMICS OF REPRESENTATIONS ON BARBARISM IN ANTIQUE AND MEDIEVAL SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Сулимов Станислав Игоревич
Published: December 2021

Данная работа посвящена рассмотрению подходов к пониманию варварства в грекоримской и средневековой социальной философии. Выдвигаемые античными авторами точки зрения на данный феномен разнообразны: мыслители как демонизируют, так и идеализируют варваров, в обоих случаях понимая варварство не в этническом, а в культурном смысле. Средневековье привносит в представления о варварстве религиозный момент, а китайский подход к данной проблеме и в древности, и в Средние века базируется на учёте культурных различий.

This work is devoted to the consideration of approaches to the understanding of barbarism in Greco-Roman and medieval social philosophy. The points of view put forward by ancient authors on this phenomenon are diverse: thinkers both demonize and idealize barbarians, in both cases understanding barbarism not in an ethnic, but in a cultural sense. The Middle Ages brings a religious moment to ideas about barbarism, and the Chinese approach to this problem both in antiquity and in the Middle Ages is based on taking into account cultural differences.
A.J. TOYNBEE: HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE AND COTEMPORANEITY
Authors: Ануфриева Карина Викторовна
Published: December 2021

Рассматривается интерпретация А.Д. Тойнби взаимосвязи исторического опыта и современности. Показано, что видение исторического опыта этим автором обосновывается на базе антропологии, позволяющей обосновать его эпистемологические характеристики. Рассмотрены истоки концепции исторического опыта Тойнби в воззрениях А. Бергсона, П. Тейяра де Шардена и других авторов. Взгляды Тойнби на живой индивидуальный и коллективный опыт, их соотношение с историописанием сопоставлены с идеями Ф. Анкерсмита и других философов. В свете подхода Тойнби к историческому опыту рассмотрена его деятельность как историка и аналитика современного состояния мирового сообщества.

The article is focused on A.J. Toynbee's interpretation of the relationship between historical experience and contemporaneity. It reveals that the vision of historical experience by this author is justified on the basis of anthropology, which allows to substantiate its epistemological characteristics. The sources of Toynbee's views on historical experience in the heritage of A. Bergson, P. Teilhard de Chardin, and other authors are considered. Toynbee's views on live individual and collective experience, as well as their correlation with historical writing are compared to the ideas of F. Ankersmit, and other philosophers. In the light of Toynbee's approach to historical experience, his activity as a historian and analyst of the current state of the world community is considered.
K. JASPERS: THE TRANSCENDENT SOURCE AND OPENNESS OF HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Губман Борис Львович
Published: December 2021

Статья сфокусирована на рассмотрении трактовки исторического опыта в экзистенциальной философии К. Ясперса. В ее формате представлен анализ этим автором основных предпосылок конституирования исторического опыта в онтологическом и эпистемологическом измерениях. Показана подчеркиваемая им дуальная противоположность необъективируемых экзистенциальных оснований формирования исторического опыта и его онтического содержания, сопряженного с существованием человека в конструируемом им мире, обладающем синхронным и диахронным измерением. Исторический опыт рассматривается Ясперсом как возникающий в коммуникации, складывающейся в интерсубъективном пространстве, а также в измерении контакта человеческого субъекта и непостижимого абсолютного начала мира. Подробно анализируется герменевтический подход Ясперса к интерпретации смысла всемирной истории в свете опыта ее постижения. Рассматривая в надконфессиональной перспективе опыт истории как содержащий в себе момент рождения философской веры в эпоху осевого времени, Ясперс предложил собственное понимание идеи истории как ориентированной на видение ее цели в перспективе движения к объединению человечества. Перспективизм его позиции вырисовывается в понимании открытости и нонфинитности прочтения смысла исторического опыта в горизонте настоящего.

The article is focused on the interpretation of historical experience in K. Jaspers’s existential philosophy. In its format, the basic prerequisites for the constitution of historical experience in ontological and epistemological dimensions are analyzed. The dual opposite of the non-explicable existential foundations of the formation of historical experience and its ontic content, referring to the presence of a person in the world with its synchronous and diachronic dimension, is revealed. Historical experience is considered by Jaspers as arising in communication that takes place in intersubjective space, as well as in the dimension of contact between a human subject and the incomprehensible absolute foundation of the world. His hermeneutic approach to the interpretation of the meaning of world history in the light of the experience of its comprehension is analyzed in detail. Considering the historical experience in a supra-confessional perspective as containing the moment of the birth of philosophical faith in the axial time epoch, Jaspers proposed his own understanding of the idea of history as focused on the vision of its goal in the perspective of the movement towards the unification of mankind. The perspectivism of his approach finds expression in the understanding of openness and non-finiteness of reading the meaning of historical experience in the horizon of the present.
COMPREHENSION OF THE CONCEPT OF HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY R.G. COLLINGWOOD
Authors: Аванесян Артём Александрович
Published: December 2021

Теория исторического познания Р.Дж. Коллингвуда выстраивается на основе методики воспроизведения интеллектуального опыта человека прошлого в современном контексте. Такой подход отводит ключевую роль в процессе исследования прошлого рефлексии историка, работа которой ориентирована на осмысление исторических свидетельств. В результате развития этих идей складывается представление о присущем историческому познанию характере опыта, отличающегося принципиальной незавершенностью, изменчивостью и способностью к самосовершенствованию.

The theory of historical knowledge by R.G. Collingwood is built on the basis of the method of reenactment the intellectual experience of a person of the past in a modern context. This approach assigns a key role in the process of studying the past to the historian's reflection, whose work is focused on comprehending historical evidence. As a result of the development of these ideas formed the conception of historical knowledge that has a nature of experience, characterized by fundamental incompleteness, variability and the ability to selfimprovement.
NON-INTENTIONAL COMPONENTS OF INTENTIONAL PHENOMENOLOGY
Authors: Авдеев Иван Александрович
Published: December 2021

В статье проблематизируются аспекты гуссерлевской феноменологии, которые становятся отправной точкой для новых феноменологических теорий. Эти теории преодолевают затруднения, с которыми сталкивается классическая феноменология, такие как данность истины, историчность субъекта и «пустые» интенции. Неклассические теории предлагают свое дополнительное поле рассмотрения, в котором данность феномена необязательно носит интенциональный характер. Наиболее значимыми из них являются концепция «Другого» Э. Левинаса и «насыщенный феномен» Ж-Л. Мариона. Показано, что данные проекты позволяют работать с новыми классами феноменов.

The paper questions some aspects of Husserlian phenomenology which have become a starting point for new phenomenological theories. These theories overcome difficulties of the classic phenomenology, such as: the givenness of the truth, historicity of the subject and «empty» intentions. Non-classical theories offer their own additional field of inquiry, where the given of the phenomenon isn't necessarily of intentional character. Among them, most substantial are conceptions of «The Other» by E. Levinas and «saturated phenomenon» by J.-L. Marion. The paper shows that these projects allow us to work with new kinds of phenomena.
THE EVOLUTION OF MAN IN THE «PHENOMENON OF MAN» BY PIERRE TEILHARD DE CHARDIN
Authors: Волков Иван Игоревич
Published: December 2021

Несмотря на многообразие современных научных знаний проблема человека и его эволюции остается актуальной в интердисциплинарной перспективе. Анализ одной из таких эволюционных моделей, созданной французским философом Пьером Тейяром де Шарденом в его труде «Феномен Человека», является целью статьи. В ее формате рассмотрены философские, теологические и научные идеи, позволившие этому автору создать собственное оригинальное видение феномена человека, до сих пор оживленно обсуждаемое представителями различных научных дисциплин, философами и теологами.

Despite the diversity of contemporary scientific knowledge, the problem of man and his evolution remains relevant in an interdisciplinary perspective. The analysis of one of such evolutionary models created by the French philosopher Pierre Teilhard de Chardin in his work «The Phenomenon of Man» is the aim of this article. In its format, philosophical, theological and scientific ideas that allowed this author to create his own original vision of the human phenomenon are considered. They are still actively discussed by representatives of various scientific disciplines, philosophers and theologians.
IMPACTS OF COVID-19 ON GEOMORPHOLOGICAL FIELDWORK: EXPLORATION OF NEW INITIATIVES AND DIMENSIONS
Authors: Timothy Oyedotun Temitope D.
Published: December 2021

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has already changed the world in many respects, and its impact cuts across many fields of human endeavours. An area of temporary setbacks in geomorphological research posed by the pandemic is in the restriction placed on fieldwork exercise. Apart from bringing a lot of constraints to fieldwork, the need to meet the learning outcomes ensured that the already in-use technologies were easily adapted to simulate the necessary fieldwork in evaluating dynamics in geomorphological environment and the natural world. Despite the success, however, the fieldwork remains ‘signature pedagogy’ for geography, geomorphology and any other Earth Science disciplines. The dynamic nature of landforms, the serendipity of on-site field training and exercises, the ability to have a first-hand experience of field phenomenon, etc. are some of the expected rewards that could not be simulated remotely. Hence, when COVID-19 pandemic is over, the aspects of fieldwork should not be jettisoned for the simulated alternatives embraced in the pandemic. The two should work hand-in-hand for the diverse fields of geomorphological research.