bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
James Rennie (1786–1867) in Australia, 1840–1867
Authors: Lucas A. M.
Published: October 2013

The Royal Literary Fund supported the migration of James Rennie (1787–1867) to Australia, and his later applications to it reveal details of his life there, and help establish that he was not elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, but has been confused with James Rennie FRS (1806–1883).
Eleazar Albin in Don Saltero's coffee-house in 1736: how the Jamaican mango hummingbird got its name,Trochilus mango
Authors: Olson Storrs L. , Levy Catherine
Published: October 2013

The Jamaican hummingbird that Eleazar Albin called the “Mango Bird”, which was the basis for the Linnean name Trochilus mango, is shown likely to have been based on a specimen he saw in Don Saltero's Coffee-House in Chelsea, London, in 1736, that was probably a gift of Sir Hans Sloane. The name “mango-bird” has long been in wide use for certain south Asian orioles, especially the Indian Golden Oriole (Oriolus kundoo), at least one specimen and nest of which was also on display in Don Saltero's. Albin's text concerning two species of Jamaican hummingbirds contains numerous dubious or erroneous statements and his use of “Mango Bird” for the hummingbird was most likely a lapsus confounding another bird he had heard of at Don Saltero's, particularly in light of the fact that the mango tree (Mangifera indica) was not introduced into Jamaica until 1782. Thus, the modern use of the word “mango” in connection with an entire group of hummingbirds arose through a purely fortuitous mistake and the birds never had any association with the mango tree.
Nikolaus Joseph Jacquin's enigmatic Icones selectarum stirpium americanarum (1797)
Authors: Lack H. Walter
Published: October 2013

Nikolaus Joseph Jacquin's extremely rare Icones selectarum stirpium americanarum (1797) are shown to be a re-issue of the plates contained in Jacquin's Selectarum stirpium americanarum historia (1763) plus a new title page and three pages of revised captions. Like the original version this re-issue was published in Vienna and stands in accord with the liberalized regulations concerning the freedom of the press issued by Emperor Joseph II.
Dowagers, Debs, Nuns and Babies: The Politics of Nostalgia and the Older Woman in the British Sunday Night Television Serial
Authors: Tincknell Estella
Published: October 2013

The extensive commercial success of two well-made popular television drama serials screened in the UK at prime time on Sunday evenings during the winter of 2011–12, Downton Abbey (ITV, 2010–) and Call the Midwife (BBC, 2012–), has appeared to consolidate the recent resurgence of the period drama during the 1990s and 2000s, as well as reassembling something like a mass audience for woman-centred realist narratives at a time when the fracturing and disassembling of such audiences seemed axiomatic. While ostensibly different in content, style and focus, the two programmes share a number of distinctive features, including a range of mature female characters who are sufficiently well drawn and socially diverse as to offer a profoundly pleasurable experience for the female viewer seeking representations of aging femininity that go beyond the sexualised body of the ‘successful ager’. Equally importantly, these two programmes present compelling examples of the ‘conjunctural text’, which appears at a moment of intense political polarisation, marking struggles over consent to a contemporary political position by re-presenting the past. Because both programmes foreground older women as crucial figures in their respective communities, but offer very different versions of the social role and ideological positioning that this entails, the underlying politics of such nostalgia becomes apparent. A critical analysis of these two versions of Britain's past thus highlights the ideological investments involved in period drama and the extent to which this ‘cosy’ genre may legitimate or challenge contemporary political claims.
‘Stick that knife in me’: Shane Meadows’ Children
Authors: Lebeau Vicky
Published: October 2013

This article brings Shane Meadows’ Dead Man's Shoes (2004) into dialogue with the history of the depiction of the child on film. Exploring Meadows’ work for its complex investment in the figure of the child on screen, it traces the limits of the liberal ideology of the child in his cinema and the structures of feeling mobilised by its uses – at once aesthetic and sociological – of technologies of vision.
Evidence for Long-Term Impact of Pasos Adelante: Using a Community-Wide Survey to Evaluate Chronic Disease Risk Modification in Prior Program Participants
Authors: Carvajal Scott , Miesfeld Noelle , Chang Jean , Reinschmidt Kerstin , De Zapien Jill , Fernandez Maria , Rosales Cecilia , Staten Lisa
Published: October 2013

Effective community-level chronic disease prevention is critical to population health within developed and developing nations. Pasos Adelante is a preventive intervention that aims to reduce chronic disease risk with evidence of effectiveness in US-Mexico residing, Mexican origin, participants. This intervention and related ones also implemented with community health workers have been shown to improve clinical, behavioral and quality of life indicators; though most evidence is from shorter-term evaluations and/or lack comparison groups. The current study examines the impact of this program using secondary data collected in the community 3–6 years after all participants completed the program. A proportional household survey (N = 708) was used that included 48 respondents who indicated they had participated in Pasos. Using propensity score matching to account for differences in program participants versus other community residents (the program targeted those with diabetes and associated risk factors), 148 natural controls were identified for 37 matched Pasos participants. Testing a range of behavioral and clinical indicators of chronic disease risk, logistic regression models accounting for selection bias showed two significant findings; Pasos participants were more physically active and drank less whole milk. These findings add to the evidence of the effectiveness of Pasos Adalente and related interventions in reducing chronic disease risk in Mexican-origin populations, and illustrate the use of innovative techniques for using secondary, community-level data to complement prior evaluation research.
Development of Nonalcoholic Hepatopathy: Contributions of Oxidative Stress and Advanced Glycation End Products
Authors: Santos Juliana , Valentim Iara , De Araújo Orlando , Ataide Terezinha , Goulart Marília
Published: October 2013

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are generated spontaneously in cells; however, under conditions of hyperglycemia and lipid peroxidation, their levels are higher than usual, which contribute to the development of diseases such as the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is associated with oxidative stress (OS), which is linked to the transition of steatosis to steatohepatitis due to lipid peroxidation. The AGE-receptor interaction in hepatic stellate cells leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species and enhances the proliferation and activation of these cells, worsening liver fibrosis and disease progression. In this vicious cycle, there is production of (carboxymethyl)lysine, a biomarker for products of advanced glycation and lipid peroxidation, being a shared component between the two pathways. In this review, we aim to compile evidence to support the basic molecular mechanisms of AGEs and OS generation and their influence, independently or combined, on the evolution of NAFLD. The deeper understanding of the interrelations of AGEs + OS may help to elucidate the pathogenic pathways of NAFLD and to devise rational therapeutic interventions for this disease, with an expected positive impact on quality of life of patients.
Immunological Mechanisms in the Pathophysiology of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Vonghia Luisa , Michielsen Peter , Francque Sven
Published: October 2013

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by the presence of steatosis, inflammation and hepatocyte injury and constitutes hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. The pathogenesis of NASH is complex and implicates cross-talk between different metabolically active sites, such as liver and adipose tissue. Obesity is considered a chronic low-grade inflammatory state and the liver has been recognized as being an “immunological organ”. The complex role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of NASH is currently raising great interest, also in view of the possible therapeutic potential of immunotherapy in NASH. This review focuses on the disturbances of the cells constituting the innate and adaptive immune system in the liver and in adipose tissue.
Jacques Androuet du Cerceau et l’hôtel de Vignolles du Mans
Authors: Castel Damien , Chatenet Monique
Published: October 2013

Les modèles contenus dans les Livres d’architecture de Jacques Androuet du Cerceau ne sont pas tous de simples «maisons de papier» imaginées par l’auteur pour la publication. Plusieurs s’inspirent d’oeuvres déjà construites ou en cours de construction, dont on peut se demander si l’architecte n’est pas dans certains cas Du Cerceau lui-même. Tel est le cas notamment de l’hôtel construit au Mans entre 1548 et 1558 par Jean de Vignolles, membre éminent de l’élite protestante de la ville. Cette construction se signale tant par l’ingéniosité du plan, qui semble avoir inspiré le modèle 2 du Livre d’architecture de 1582, que par l’originalité profonde des élévations et leur nouveauté à la fin de la décennie 1550. Certes d’une grande simplicité, les façades associent néanmoins des motifs employés au cours de la même décennie par Pierre Lescot au Louvre et à Vallery dans une ordonnance fortement italianisée et sans équivalent à cette date en France, en dehors de trois gravures des Grands temples publiées par Jacques Androuet du Cerceau avant 1550.
Inflammatory effects of autologous, genetically modified autologous, allogeneic, and xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cells after intra-articular injection in horses
Authors: Pig J. H. , Ishihara A. , Wellman M. L. , Russell D. S. , Bertone A. L.
Published: October 2013

Objectives: To compare the clinical and inflammatory joint responses to intra-articular injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) including autologous, genetically modified autologous, allogeneic, or xenogeneic cells in horses.

Methods: Six five-year-old Thoroughbred mares had one fetlock joint injected with Gey's balanced salt solution as the vehicle control. Each fetlock joint of each horse was subsequently injected with 15 million MSC from the described MSC groups, and were assessed for 28 days for clinical and inflammatory parameters representing synovitis, joint swelling, and pain.

Results: There were not any significant differences between autologous and genetically modified autologous MSC for synovial fluid total nucleated cell count, total protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, fetlock circumference, oedema score, pain-free range-of-motion, and soluble gene products that were detected for at least two days. Allogeneic and xenogeneic MSC produced a greater increase in peak of inflammation at 24 hours than either autologous MSC group.

Clinical significance: Genetically engineered MSC can act as vehicles to deliver gene products to the joint; further investigation into the therapeutic potential of this cell therapy is warranted. Intra-articular MSC injection resulted in a moderate acute inflammatory joint response that was greater for allogeneic and xenogeneic MSC than autologous MSC. Clinical management of this response may minimize this effect.
Communicative Changes Associated with Repeated Use of Electronic Meeting Systems for Decision-Making Tasks
Authors: Scott Craig R. , Timmerman C. Erik
Published: October 2013

Although various technologies are widely used to support decision-making teams, we know relatively little about the use of specialized Electronic Meeting Systems (EMSs) and their use over time during ongoing projects. This study addresses that gap by examining how communication affordances (anonymous communication, participation equality, and influence equality) of some EMSs may change with repeated usage of the system for multiple decision-making meetings. Based on an EMS process model and related theories, the authors hypothesize that communicative benefits will decline after initial team interaction. Data from 14 intact decision-making teams (using an EMS for 3 separate meetings) provide strong support for most of the anonymity hypotheses, as perceptions of self and other anonymity decline and confidence in source attributions increases with repeated usage. There was partial support for the predicted changes in participation equality and influence equality. The authors conclude with practical implications and future research directions based on these findings.
Managing Effectively in Virtual Work Contexts
Authors: Morris Pamela L. , Connaughton Stacey L.
Published: October 2013

This chapter offers an empirical examination of supervisory behaviors perceived to be effective in a virtual office setting. The study presented in this chapter is driven by a general research question: What behaviors are perceived to be effective when managing individuals virtually? To address this research question, the authors collected data in a Midwestern government organization that recently transitioned its employees to virtual offices. They conducted interviews with, and distributed surveys to, managers and employees during and after the organization’s transition to a virtual office. Based on the analysis, the authors present eight virtual supervision competencies and measures of these competencies adapted for, or developed in, this project. The competencies are trust, organizational identification, technology, buy-in, communication, evaluation, knowledge management, and hiring.
Meeting the Needs of Exceptional Students
Authors: Frey Timothy J. , Knackendoffel E. Ann
Published: October 2013

Today’s K-12 classrooms are learning environments that present teachers with the challenge of meeting the diverse needs of learners. Utilizing technology and the principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) can help teachers to meet the exceptional needs of learners in a variety of areas. This chapter presents ideas and strategies to utilize technology to facilitate the implementation of UDL principles (using multiple means of representation, engagement, and expression in the design of instruction) in teacher education and K-12 classrooms. Each principle of UDL is described, and examples of technology that can support implementation of the principle are shared. The chapter concludes with considerations for teacher education programs including providing modeling of UDL instruction and designing instruction with UDL in mind.
A State of the Art Cart
Authors: Nguyen Valerie , Szymanski Mark
Published: October 2013

This chapter examines research that characterizes the complexity of teaching and integrating visual arts in K-12 education. Issues include teachers’ previous experience and backgrounds in art, their differing development of pedagogical and art content knowledge, and the existence of a variety of philosophical orientations for teaching art. The authors then describe how the complexity of visual arts education requires complex solutions for integrating technology and describe one art teacher educator’s first explorations into creating online solutions with Web 2.0 technology and her plans for further development. Finally, the authors describe a model of visual arts and technology integration that begins with a problem of practice and develops complex solutions through technology integration.
A Perspective on Games and Patterns
Authors: Ferreira Dores , Palhares Pedro , Silva Jorge Nuno
Published: October 2013

In the last few years, the authors have been carrying out a study involving elementary school students from 3rd to 6th years of schooling. The main goal of this study is to identify the possible relationships between the ability to identify patterns and the ability to play games, in particular mathematical games. The research methodology is quantitative and most of the analysis is concerned with the verification of correlation between variables. The analysis takes into account seven factors (besides the ability of pattern recognition) identified through a factor analysis carried out on data. With these tools, the authors have been able to differentiate games according to the different measurements. In this chapter, they disclose the important steps of this research as well as the results and main conclusions reached so far.
Ethical Considerations for Learning Game, Simulation, and Virtual World Design and Development
Authors: Warren Scott J. , Lin Lin
Published: October 2013

The goal of this chapter is to identify ethical concerns that instructional designers should be aware of when designing and developing learning games, simulations, and virtual worlds. Partly taken from ethical considerations that researchers are required to follow as part of standard institutional review board processes for the protection of human subjects, we suggest specific ethical principles which designers should consider prior to and during the design of these complex learning systems as well as during the evaluation of the products. We provide examples from existing and past learning games, simulations, and multi-user virtual environments that have either followed these principles or left questions to be addressed and propose a series of ethical considerations in future designs.
Implementing Common Core State Standards using Digital Curriculum
Authors: Rutherford Michelle
Published: October 2013

Teachers and educators transitioning to the Common Core State Standards face a significant challenge of creating new lessons and resources, as well as formative assessments that match the increased rigor required. Teachers must ensure that each student achieves and demonstrates higher levels of understanding. Many aspects of this transition can be mitigated, supported, and enhanced through blended learning. Blended learning leverages digital curriculum to assist teachers in creating a student-centered learning experience while providing a curriculum that meets the new standards. Students receive individualized instruction at their own pace, achieve mastery, and experience success in high school. They are equipped with a deeper level of understanding and the critical thinking and problem solving skills needed to succeed in college and work.
Generating Transferable Skills in STEM through Educational Robotics
Authors: Nelson Carl A.
Published: October 2013

This chapter aims to present guidelines, suggestions, and ideas for designing educational robotics programs, which help participants generate skills useful in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) as well as in other career paths. A list of skills areas is presented, categorized either as highly STEM-relevant or more universal, and each skills area is discussed in the context of the content and delivery methods of robotics programs. Examples are provided from several existing curricula to demonstrate how robotics can be leveraged for generating these useful skills. A set of suggestions is then presented for guiding future robotics curriculum development, in formal or informal settings.
Robotics and Problem-Based Learning in STEM Formal Educational Environments
Authors: Grandgenett Neal , Ostler Elliott , Topp Neal , Goeman Robert
Published: October 2013

Some of the best learning may occur in the context of a problem, whether in life or in the formal educational classroom. This chapter focuses on the use of educational robotics as a rich context for real-life applications and problems that can encourage the teaching and learning of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) in formal K-12 educational environments. The chapter presents research related to the compatibility of educational robotics with problem-based learning, as well as two years of field test results from a National Science Foundation (NSF) project that is developing, testing, and refining an educational robotics curriculum. This curriculum has a foundation of problem-based learning strategies. The national curriculum effort uses an open-source programmable, robot platform and a Web-based cyber-infrastructure delivery system that provides teachers with a flexible lesson structure, compatible with national standards and engaging students in problem-based learning.
Games Improving Disorders of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity
Authors: Santo Andreia Espírito , Rijo Rui , Monteiro João , Henriques Inês , Matos Ana , Rito Carina , Costa Paulo , Marcelino Luís
Published: October 2013

In Portugal, there are between 35 000 to 75 000 children suffering from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. The need to act prominently in children with these disorders suggests the creation of various serious games that can be executed with a computer, aiding affected children and assisting health professionals. This chapter presents two games that intend to help children to improve their capacity to speed information processing, enhance executive functions, and enhance use of working memory by performing a set of exercises presented in the form of educational games. It also enables the assisting physician to monitor the execution of these exercises. With the completion of the tasks of the games, children may, in an appealing way, improve their skills and thereby overcome their difficulties. This chapter presents the research methodology followed to the creation of the games, and the preliminary promising tests. Future research directions are also discussed.
Enhancing Adaptive Learning and Assessment in Virtual Learning Environments with Educational Games
Authors: del Blanco Ángel , Torrente Javier , Moreno-Ger Pablo , Fernández-Manjón Baltasar
Published: October 2013

The rising acceptance of Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) in the e-Learning field poses new challenges such as producing student-centered courses that can be automatically tailored to each student's needs. For this purpose digital games can be used, taking advantage of their flexibility (good video games always try to adapt to different players) and capabilities to stealthily track players' activity, either for producing an accurate user model or enhancing the overall assessment capabilities of the system. In this chapter, the authors discuss the integration of digital games in Virtual Learning Environments and the need of standards that allow the interoperable communication of games and VLE. Authors also present a middle-ware architecture to integrate video games in VLEs that addresses the technical barriers posed by the integration. The chapter presents a case study with the implementation of the architecture in the “e-Adventure” game authoring platform, along with three examples of video game integration in educational settings.
The Incorporation of Geometer’s Sketchpad in a High School Geometry Curriculum
Authors: Ames Lisa , An Heejung , Alon Sandra
Published: October 2013

The Common Core State Mathematics Standards (CCSSM) recommend that technology should be integrated into teaching and learning Mathematics. This chapter addresses how the Geometer’s Sketchpad computer program can support students’ thinking skills and learning outcomes in a high school geometry class, in particular for more effectively addressing the High School Geometry Standards (CCSSM: G.CO.10, G.CO. 11, and G.CO. 12). The findings from the study presented in this chapter indicate that this tool can help high school students increase their learning of geometry in terms of inductive reasoning and conceptual knowledge, but may not help improve students’ motivation to learn geometry.
Fostering Mathematical Competence through Technology-Enhanced Interactive Environments
Authors: Manouchehriazi Azita , Czocher Jennifer , Somayajulu Ravi , Liu Yating , Zhang Pingping , Tague Jenna
Published: October 2013

In this longitudinal research project, the authors traced the impact of a mathematics enrichment program on a group of approximately 80 middle and high school students as they worked on mathematical explorations using interactive computer software for three years. The results indicate that learning environments designed for children supported their development of mathematical practices emphasized by the CCSMP while increasing their exposure to and understanding of content standards.
Designing Evaluations for K-12 Robotics Education Programs
Authors: Stubbs Kristen , Casper Jennifer , Yanco Holly A.
Published: October 2013

While a large number of robotics programs for K-12 students have been developed and deployed in the past twenty years, the effect that these programs have on students' motivations to enter science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) careers has yet to be fully determined. In order to demonstrate the value of these programs, researchers must make a concerted effort to measure their impact. Based on prior work in the evaluation of educational robotics programs, the authors of this chapter present frequently-utilized evaluation and measurement methods as well as guidelines for selecting these methods based on factors such as a program's duration, size, and maturity. This chapter is intended for use as a reference guide for designing evaluations of K-12 educational robotics programs.
Training Teachers for a Virtual School System
Authors: Barbour Michael K.
Published: October 2013

Online learning at the K-12 level is growing exponentially. Students learning in supplemental virtual schools and full-time cyber schools, using a variety of delivery models that include and sometimes combine independent, asynchronous, and synchronous instruction, in almost every state in the US. In some instances the knowledge, skills, and abilities required by teachers in this technology-mediated environment is consistent with what they learned about face-to-face teaching in their teacher education programs, while in many instances, the two are quite different. Presently the lack of empirical research into effective K-12 online teaching limits teacher education programs. However, teacher education programs still need to better prepare pre-service and in-service teachers to design, deliver, and support students engaged virtual schooling.
Pre-Service Teacher Education for the Management of Actual and Virtual Classes
Authors: Stevens Ken
Published: October 2013

The development of Internet-based school networks, facilitating the creation of virtual classes, has implications for the professional education of teachers who are increasingly likely to teach both face-to-face and online. In the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, pre-service teachers are being prepared for networked school environments within which on-site and online teaching and learning are required. Teachers are provided with a structure within which to manage collaboration that includes learning circles and cybercells. Within networked school environments, virtual classes have been developed for teaching an expanding range of subjects at high school level.
Through the Looking Glass to Ourselves
Authors: Stowers Gwen , Fasching-Varner Kenneth , Brimhall-Vargas Mark , Clark Christine
Published: October 2013

This chapter describes the project of developing online multicultural and bilingual teacher educational curricula in a manner that encourages particular intellectual and behavioral learning outcomes for teacher education students. The pedagogical process by which these outcomes are achieved, facilitation of e-dialogue, acts as the project’s management approach. The goal of the project is the development of transformational respect for and among all learners (both teacher education students as well as their largely public school PK-12 students), and sustenance of faculty (both teacher education and PK-12) hope and possibility through progressive e-education; resultantly, systems of oppression in schools and the broader society can be dismantled.
Overcoming the Tensions and Challenges of Technology Integration
Authors: Boling Erica C. , Beatty Jeanine
Published: October 2013

This chapter informs teacher educators and individuals involved in teacher professional development about the tensions that frequently arise when K-12 teachers integrate technology into their classrooms. Suggestions for how individuals can help teachers confront and overcome these challenges are presented. In order to describe the various tensions that exist, findings are organized around concerns that are related to the innovator (e.g., the teacher), the technological innovation, and the contextual factors that arise from the environment in which teaching and learning occur. To describe ways to assist teachers as they confront the challenges of technology integration, recommendations are framed around the Cognitive Apprenticeship Model (CAM) and the four dimensions that constitute a successful learning environment: content, method, sequencing, and sociology.
Hands-On Math in Kindergarten
Authors: Fiorani Helga
Published: October 2013

The purpose of this contribution is to describe innovative proto-mathematical educational activities at kindergarten level (K) in the context of semiotic mediation. As a result of preliminary analysis of the major difficulties in writing numbers and recognizing the semantic value of the decimal position system found in primary school children, it was decided that the teaching of the different numbering systems would be brought into K, with the help of specific games. The goal is to demonstrate the importance of the natural and simple nature of “mathematical” language for the child, to stress the role of tools in the mathematical learning processes, and to highlight the role of the teacher in the collective mathematical discussion.
The Next Frontier in Public Education
Authors: Cambre Belinda M.
Published: October 2013

Publicly funded alternatives to traditional public schools have taken place in the form of charter schools and, most recently, cyber charter schools. Cyber charter schools are fully online K-12 public schools and they “look” like traditional schools since students learn traditional subjects and are still subject to the same public accountability measures as their traditional brick and mortar counterparts. This chapter examines cyber charter schools in practice and summarizes the most controversial issues surrounding this form of school choice. Issues such as the legality of cyber charters under state charter laws; the allocation of per pupil funding; the use of for-profit companies in school management; ensuring access to cyber charters; and fulfilling state mandates top the list of salient issues with respect to cyber charter schools.
Application of Cloud Computing in Library Information Service Sector
Authors: Rawat Ajay , Kapoor Praveen , Sushil Rama
Published: October 2013

Cloud computing is a process that provides services on virtual machines. Through the Cloud the information can be stored permanently on the Cloud servers which can be accessed by the Internet. The main aim of Cloud computing is to bring scalability in the system, due to which CPU and memory will be fully utilized. It is up to a customer that one can increase or decrease the resources in the Cloud according to his need. Cloud computing provides a fascinating possibility for libraries that helps to increase data storage capacity, reliability, performance, and reduce technology cost. This chapter elaborates how libraries and information centers can enhance their resources infrastructure with minimum cost, make effective systems, and provide better services to the user community at minimum cost and time. The aim of this chapter is to explain how librarian, information and computer science professionals and knowledge workers apply Cloud computing in the libraries and information center management. Chapter begins with the Cloud computing introduction in the context of Libraries which is called Cloud libraries. How libraries are using Cloud services today and what can the Cloud computing solutions do for the libraries are presented in detail. The chapter describes the potential role of Cloud computing to serve library needs. At the end of the chapter some live examples, where Libraries are adopting Cloud Computing, like Dura Space, OCLC, Library Thing, Library Cloud and Seer Suite are discussed.
The University Cloud Library Model and the Role of the Cloud Librarian
Authors: Dhamdhere Sangeeta N. , Lihitkar Ramdas
Published: October 2013

The latest trend of Cloud Computing is progressing fast and using this technology it is possible to publish and store information on a virtual cloud based infrastructure. Virtualization technology has been adopted by many data centers in the industry. It shares resources on a single system efficiently and reduces infrastructure costs. Libraries are using various technologies along with Web tools at a time. Information sharing and an open access culture are developing fast in the education field. How libraries can make use of the application of cloud computing and virtualization technology for common data storage and managing multiple servers and provide cloud based information services to patrons will be discussed in detail in this chapter. This chapter also discusses in brief the applications of these technologies in libraries along with the university cloud library model and the role of cloud librarians.
Green Economic and Secure Libraries on Cloud
Authors: T.M. Kalpana , Gopalakrishnan S.
Published: October 2013

Libraries are considered storehouses of knowledge in the form of books and other resources. Introduction of computers and information and communication technology paved the way for resources in electronic format. Hence, storage of library resources is categorized in two ways namely physical storage and electronic storage. The advantages of e-format are multiple users, increasing availability of free resource, sharing, storing, accessibility, retrieval, flexibility, compatibility, and so forth. As an evolutionary change in adapting to the electronic dissemination, electronic data can be stored virtually, externally, and retrieved in cloud computing. For cloud storage users, service providers and tools are considered as major components of the service architecture. Tool connects cloud storage server and thin client platform through the Internet. Green computing and green production technology are utilizing minimum resources and maximum production in an eco-friendly way. Data warehousing is collection of data, categorizing, filtering, eliminating replica data, format compatibility; security of data retrieval gives economic storage of files. Warehoused data with extract, transform, and load (ETL) tools are retrieved by data mining. This chapter discusses various architecture, service providers, models of service, certifications, billing models, security issues, solutions to security issues and eco-friendly economic storage.
Modeling of Service Value Creation based on Multidisciplinary Framework
Authors: Nakamura Kotaro
Published: October 2013

Service value is successfully created when customers enjoy the benefits of services provided through the service system. Such service value creation requires a multidisciplinary approach such as finding challenging ways of doing this in recent service science. This chapter focuses on visualizing the process of service value creation in actual service enterprises based on modern-service or knowledge-creation theory. The proposed model describes the shift of service values, focusing on the three axes of the “location where the service is provided/used,” “the level of user needs,” and the “degree of customer participation in value co-creation.” The methodology based on this model is demonstrated through case studies involving accommodation services including “o-motenashi” hospitality and network-based information services using smart devices.
Innovation in Medical Tourism Service Marketing
Authors: Medhekar Anita , Wong Ho Yin , Hall John
Published: October 2013

The aim of this chapter is to critically examine the latest development of medical tourism as an innovation in India. The existing theories and concepts in medical tourism are reviewed and synthesised in order to lay down a foundation for marketing managers to deploy marketing mix strategies to deliver values to the medical tourists. A secondary research method is adapted to gather relevant literature. This chapter not only provides a background introduction to the growing importance of the medical tourism industry to the Indian economy, but also makes major contributions: firstly, that global healthcare service marketing is quite different from marketing of other services and goods. Secondly, it proposes to examine the application of 8Ps of tourism marketing-mix along with another 6Ps, such as personalisation of healthcare, publication for patient, patient packaging, patient education, patient privacy, and patient medical and cultural sensitivities for effective marketing of the popular Indian wellness and medical tourism destinations, super-speciality hospitals, and complex diagnostic tests and surgeries to the world.
Initiating an Organizational Change Management Process
Authors: Sarma Anjan J.
Published: October 2013

Change management processes have been major catalysts in introducing innovation and changes to organizations. This chapter illustrates the underlying concepts and principles of change management with specific reference to the service-oriented sectors. The contents are intended for students and professionals to provide an understanding of the practices and intricacies of a change process and to help build a framework for any future change management activity primarily in reference to providing and enhancing service quality in emerging economies. The chapter starts with an Introduction and sets a background about why change management is so important for industry sectors like services and manufacturing in developing economies. The next few paragraphs explain the necessity and factors influencing a change process and the types and nature of the changes. The remaining sections are arranged in a progression with the topics on core challenges in organizations in the context of developing economies, identifying a change process, working with change management, Total Quality Management (TQM), service quality, managerial implications, and conclusion. In addition, two case scenario examples are presented at the start and end of the chapter, respectively, which enables the comprehension of the views presented in the chapter.
Integrating Psychological Contract and Service-Related Outcomes in Emerging Economies
Authors: Kutaula Smirti , Talwar Vishal
Published: October 2013

The authors present a theoretical framework integrating psychological contract and two key service-related outcomes: service innovation delivery and service-employee citizenship behavior. This particular framework is rooted in the social exchange perspective, incorporating the concepts of psychological contract and services management. Based on this framework, the authors propose research propositions and discuss possible organizational consequences. They also explore how the fields of organizational psychology and services management are beginning to converge around the area of psychological contract, and propose a number of implications of this convergence. From an emerging markets perspective, this particular discussion and theoretical conceptualisation is of utmost importance considering the rapid transition that such markets are making and the movement away from a largely product-driven orientation to a service-dominant logic.
Understanding the Migration of Medical Doctors in the Context of Europe
Authors: Andrés Antonio Rodríguez
Published: October 2013

The objective of this chapter is to analyze the mobility of health professionals, in particular medical doctors within the context of the European Union (EU) to address some major policies and strategies to immigration. This chapter provides the major characteristics of the health systems in relation to availability of medical doctors and to their immigration. In this process, both the qualitative and quantitative components of the migration of medical doctors are addressed. Annual data and information are gathered from national reports and from several international organizations such as the Organization for the Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and World Health Organization (WHO). The results show that immigration of medical doctors occurs within and outside the EU. Moreover, there is a great variation in the proportion of foreign doctors across European countries. In some European countries, the reliance of foreign medical doctors is high: Switzerland, Ireland, United Kingdom (UK), and Slovenia. The largest inflows of medical doctors are reported in UK, Germany, and Spain. Outflows of medical doctors have increased in Germany, UK, Italy, and Austria. However, the net balance between emigration and immigration matters. Germany loses more doctors every year than it gains through immigration.
The New Economics of Skilled Labor Migration
Authors: Kadiri Molk , Zouag Nada
Published: October 2013

This is a contribution to the new economics of skilled labor emigration that focuses on the mobility of medical doctors from Middle East and North African countries. The theoretical model under risk neutrality and aversion as suggested in chapter 9 is applied. The findings show that the relative expected benefits and the emigration rate have major effects on the net relative human medical capital that remains in the source country. The effects of relative wages in the destination and sending countries besides the yield of education are likely to change the emigration patterns. Comparisons of theoretical and observed relative human capital per country averages are conducted and the statistical validity of the model is ensured. The empirical results based on the available data by Docquier and Marfouk (2006) and Bhargava, Docquier, and Moullan (2010) allow further use of the model to understand the current trends in the emigration of medical doctors. These trends confirm the magnitude of relative wages besides the level of education and the attitude towards risk as determinants of the emigration of skilled labor. The countries included in the study all exhibited brain gain from 1991-2004, but two distinct groups of countries are identified. Each country is encouraged to anticipate the likely effects of this emigration on the economy with the increase of health demand, domestic wages, and the increase in education capacity for medical doctors.
Beyond Brain Drain
Authors: Fakhar Ahlam
Published: October 2013

The past decades have witnessed an increase in the pace and a consolidation of immigration of medical doctors and the globalization of the health system. If properly managed, globalization of the health workforce could lead to perceptible gains in health status for all parties involved. In a world economy shaped by strong institutions, globalization could benefit those countries with a strong and human and physical capital. This chapter reviews the importance of immigration and aims at presenting different views on immigration of medical doctors. While the traditional view has been dominated by the rhetoric on “brain-drain,” a new and more promising thread of research has centered on the relatively new concept of “brain-circulation.” Mobility for medical workers and health workers, in general, can be a significant contributor to the formation of scientific and technical human capital, which has been an important driver in economic expansion and social development in many regions of the world. To illustrate the point, the authors use a cooperative framework to elucidate the relationship between immigration of medical doctors and economic development in the long-run using the potential agreement between North Africa and the European Union as an example. The finding could have implications for the capacity of developing countries to turn around and use “circular immigration” as a means to integrate into the emerging knowledge economy.
Trusted Cloud Initiative Reference Architecture
Authors: Shen Yushi , Li Yale , Wu Ling , Liu Shaofeng , Wen Qian
Published: October 2013

The Trusted Cloud Initiative helps cloud providers develop industry-recommended, secure, and interoperable identity, access, and compliance management configurations and practices. The Trusted Cloud Initiative is to develop reference models and provide education in a vendor-neutral manner, inclusive of all CSA members and affiliates who wish to participate. The Trusted Cloud Initiative Reference Architecture is both a methodology and a set of tools, enabling security architects, enterprise architects, and risk management professionals to leverage a common set of solutions to fulfill their common needs. It enables them to assess their internal IT service and that of their cloud providers in terms of security capabilities, and to plan a roadmap to meet the security needs of their business. The purpose of this quick guide is to take a user through the Trusted Cloud architecture much like an owner’s manual walks a consumer through a product.
Enterprise Security Monitoring with the Fusion Center Model
Authors: Shen Yushi , Li Yale , Wu Ling , Liu Shaofeng , Wen Qian
Published: October 2013

In the past few years, we have witnessed cyber-attacks of unprecedented sophistication and reach. These attacks demonstrate that malicious actors have the ability to compromise and control millions of computers that belong to governments, enterprises, and ordinary citizens. If we are to prevent motivated adversaries from attacking our systems, stealing our data, and harming our critical infrastructure, we have to first understand emerging threats to develop proactive security solutions to safeguard the information and the physical infrastructure that rely on it. This chapter discusses one possible approach to defending against malicious actors at the enterprise level.
Big Data Techniques, Tools, and Applications
Authors: Shen Yushi , Li Yale , Wu Ling , Liu Shaofeng , Wen Qian
Published: October 2013

This chapter covers big data technologies and tools, including the NoSQL database, HDFS, MapReduce, SMAQ stack, and the Hadoop Ecosystem. It also introduces the appliance products that help the customer for their big data analytics.
Attracting International Postgraduate Students
Authors: Puan Othman Che , Yasin M. Al–Muz–Zammil , Idris Ahmad Kamal , Amran Mohd Sofian Mohd
Published: October 2013

A university has to carry out various marketing strategies and efforts to recruit international students as many as possible in order to fulfil one of the criteria for a world–class university status. However, to attract quality candidates with the desirable profile is becoming increasingly difficult especially when the university has to compete internationally and nationally with the existing and new emerging universities. This paper discusses the findings of a study carried out to establish the factors considered by international students before they decided to come to Universiti Teknologi Malaysia for their postgraduate studies. A total sample of 896 international students from various fields of studies for three different intakes was used in the study. The result shows that the main factors considered by them are the availability of the programme, reputation, the conduciveness of the campus environment for teaching and learning, and the location of the university. Most of them agreed that internet and education fairs or expositions are effective marketing medium for the recruitment of international students. This study provides an evidence–based framework to be considered by the University in formulating strategies and efforts to become a global player in higher education.