bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Movement of Evidence in the European Union: Challenges for the European Investigation Order
Authors: Jurka Raimundas , Zajančkauskienė Jolanta
Published: March 2017

The issue of international cooperation in criminal matters has interested legal theorists and practitioners for decades. In this area of law there are certain challenges that can only be tackled by using the joint efforts of the States, which is different from the national law of the States. For this reason, certain principles of law are specific for international cooperation, and on the basis of these principles States provide legal assistance requests to each other or else create preconditions to ensure the efficient and unimpeded criminal proceedings. It is true that the principles of mutual legal assistance and recognition, and the influence of their alternation are not identical to all segments of international cooperation, including the development of the evidence law in the European Union.

With regard to the evidence and their admissibility in Member States of the European Union, it should be noted that this issue is still relevant, because the biggest concern of some Member States is the admissibility of evidence, when evidence is collected in one State and the admissibility of them is assessed in the other State. It would seem like a more formalized “concern”, but basically it is a quite significant impulse for searching of new legal instruments in the European Union, which would be able not only ensure the acceptability (admissibility) of evidence that was collected in the foreign State in accordance with the relevant procedural form, and in the court of the State which obtained this evidence, but also the sovereignty of the State, the authenticity of the national law, and the respect for the legal culture and traditions of this State.

The authors discuss the development of the law of evidence, the separate legal segments of this law, and their strengths and weaknesses in the article. Despite the fact that the effective mechanisms of evidence movement among Member States appear in modern European Union criminal justice, the latest legal instruments lack the clarity and certainty of certain procedural legal guarantees in the context of human rights protection.
Being Chinese in a global context: Linguistic constructions of Chinese ethnicity
Authors: Wong Kevin Zi-Hao , Tan Ying-Ying
Published: March 2017

To date, there has not been a large corpus of research looking at how different Chinese populations perceive language to be a part of their Chinese ethnicity. Even where this has been done, no attempts have been made to compare these perceptions across Chinese populations of different polities, to see if and how they differ. To fill this gap, this paper examines and compares the relationship between Mandarin-Chinese, “dialects”, and English, and the construction of Chinese ethnicity amongst Chinese Malaysians, Chinese Singaporeans, and Mainland Chinese. It does this through a questionnaire study employing 100 participants from each group, taking into account beliefs about the importance of these languages to the everyday experience of being Chinese, self-declared language proficiency, and self-declared language use. The results of the study suggest that “dialects” are becoming less important to Chinese ethnicity amongst all three groups, particularly amongst Chinese Singaporeans. Meanwhile, English is becoming more important amongst Chinese Malaysians and Chinese Singaporeans, once again particularly amongst the latter. While Chinese Malaysians continue to perceive Mandarin-Chinese as being the language most important to Chinese ethnicity, Chinese Singaporeans’ beliefs reflect English’s dominance over Mandarin-Chinese in nearly every aspect of everyday social life. These findings underscore how Chinese ethnicities in different parts of the world need to be understood on their own terms, and how language can be a vital clue as to how different Chinese ethnicities are constructed in the global context.
Confucius institutes in the US: Platform of promoting China’s soft power
Authors: Xiao Yun
Published: March 2017

This study examines the driving force behind China’s “soft power” strategy and how Confucius Institute (CI) fits in the strategy. Drawing on data from the large-scale international surveys from PewResearchCenter and the ten Hanban/CI annual reports (2006–2015), the study finds that China’s outreach through CI has increased the understanding between China and other countries and built a favored image of “a responsible big nation” in the international community. The study shows that, by December 2015, there were 500 CIs and 1,000 Confucius Classrooms (CCs) in 134 countries/regions in the world. Collectively, they offered a total of 211,500 classes and registered over 5 million students from 2006 to 2015. They also attracted 94.27 million participants for cultural exchanges and 23.73 million participants for Chinese language tests in the same time period. Data from the researcher’s 3-month-long field study on two CCs shows that the Chinese language and culture are successfully promoted in American schools and exerting tremendous attraction to students, parents, and communities.
The sorption of monovalent cations onto wood flour and holocelluloses of Norway spruce: molecular interactions during LiCl impregnation
Authors: Kolavali Reddysuresh , Hasani Merima
Published: February 2017

Active functional groups and interactions involved in the sorption of Li+ions from an aqueous LiCl solution onto the Norway spruce sapwood (sW) flour have been investigated. To this purpose, sW was delignified by peracetic acid (PAA) treatments and the resulting holocelluloses (HC6 h, HC24 h, HC51 h, HC72 h, where the lower case data indicate the PAA treatment time) with various lignin contents were immersed in aqueous solution of LiCl and the sorption effects were studied by flame atomic emission spectroscopy (FAES), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area increased from 1.5±0.0 m2g−1to 2.4±0.1 m2g−1for HC6 h, and from 1.6±0.03 m2g−1to 2.7±0.6 m2g−1for HC72 hupon LiCl treatment. It was found that Li+/Cl−retention occurs predominantly via O-containing functionalities and the carbohydrate-rich samples sorbed more Li+. Upon LiCl treatment, the mobility and accessibility of the wood matrix was enhanced, possibly by interference of the introduced ions with the existing intermolecular bonds.
The role of sirtuins in mitochondrial function and doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction
Authors: Dolinsky Vernon W.
Published: March 2017

Anthracycline chemotherapeutics such as doxorubicin continue to be important treatments for many cancers. Through improved screening and therapy, more patients are surviving and living longer after the diagnosis of their cancer. However, anthracyclines are associated with both short- and long-term cardiotoxic effects. Doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is a central mechanism in the cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin that contributes to impaired cardiac energy levels, increased reactive oxygen species production, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the decline in cardiac function. Sirtuins are protein deacetylases that are activated by low energy levels and stimulate energy production through their activation of transcription factors and enzymatic regulators of cardiac energy metabolism. In addition, sirtuins activate oxidative stress resistance pathways. SIRT1 and SIRT3 are expressed at high levels in the cardiomyocyte. This review examines the function of sirtuins in the regulation of cardiac mitochondrial function, with a focus on their role in heart failure and an emphasis on their effects on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. We discuss the potential for sirtuin activation in combination with anthracycline chemotherapy in order to mitigate its cardiotoxic side-effects without reducing the antineoplastic activity of anthracyclines.
Non-linear Rheological Properties of Soy Protein Isolate Dispersions and Acid-Induced Gels
Authors: Bi Chong-hao , Wang Li-jun , Li Dong , Huang Zhi-gang , Adhikari Benu , Chen Xiao Dong
Published: February 2017

This study presents the non-linear viscoelastic properties of soy protein isolate (SPI) dispersions and acid-induced gels to considerable detail. The storage (G′) and loss (G′′) moduli of SPI dispersions showed Type III (week strain overshoot) and Type IV (strong strain overshoot) networks when the strain amplitudes varied between 0.01 and 1.00 and 1.00 to 100.00, respectively. In the case of acid-induced SPI gels the rheological parameters showed the characteristics of Type I (strain thinning) network. Fourier transform rheological experiments showed that the higher harmonic curves obtained u strain sweep test showed quite different shapes for SPI dispersions and gels. In the case of dispersions, the highest I
3/1 (0.101) occurred at the strain amplitude of 0.40 and then decreased to below 0.02. In the case of acid-induced SPI gels, the I
3/1 value began to be appreciable at the strain amplitude of 0.1 increased rapidly to its highest value (I
3/1=0.05).
Removal of Lipids, Cholesterol, Nucleic Acids and Haem Pigments During Production of Protein Isolates from Broiler Meat Using pH-shift Processes
Authors: Chaijan Manat , Panpipat Worawan
Published: February 2017

The effect of acid and alkaline pH shift processes on removal of total lipids, cholesterol, nucleic acids and haem pigments during production of protein isolates from broiler meat was investigated. The gel-forming ability of resulting protein isolates were evaluated in comparison with raw broiler meat and water washed broiler meat. Significant reduction of total lipids, cholesterol, nucleic acids and haem proteins was obtained from both pH shift processes (p < 0.05). Acid process recovered more protein with less total haem pigments resulting in a greater breaking force and whiteness of the isolate gel compared to alkaline counterpart (p < 0.05). However, protein isolate gels showed inferior deformation and water holding capacity to washed mince gel (p < 0.05). Therefore, the pH shift processing could be used to produce a functional protein isolate with low nucleic acids, haem pigments and lipids and, thereby, reduced cholesterol level. The protein isolates, particularly acid version, still had good gelling properties.
Development and Evaluation of a Small-scale In-field Integrated Postharvest Citrus Treatment Unit – Part 1
Authors: Kassim Alaika , Workneh Tilahun S. , Laing Mark D.
Published: February 2017

Exposure of kumquat fruit to high ambient temperatures during transport leads to excessive deterioration. The aim of this study was to develop an integrated postharvest citrus treatment unit capable of being operated on site at the orchard. The unit consists of rinsing, disinfection (anolyte water), hot water (HWT), surface drying and biocontrol (BT) zones. An energy analysis revealed an electricity consumption of 4.13 and 2.08 kW by the HWT and BT, respectively. The thermal efficiencies of the HWT and BT were 72 % and 87 %, respectively. The total carbon ratio was 0.46 kg CO2 day−1 with a payback period of 0.91 years. An exposure time of 30 s in anolyte water, hot water at 60 °C + 30 s, 60 °C + 20 s and 53 °C + 30 s and the presence of B13 resulted in low PWL values. A total of 30 s and 60 s of anolyte water; 53 °C; 60 °C + 20 s hot water resulted in firmer fruit.
Modulatory effects of melatonin and vitamin  C on oxidative stress-mediated haemolytic anaemia and associated cardiovascular dysfunctions in rats
Authors: Ajibade Temitayo Olabisi , Oyagbemi Ademola Adetokunbo , Durotoye Ladoke A. , Omóbòwálé Temidayo Olutayo , Asenuga Ebunoluwa Racheal , Olayemi Funsho Olakitike
Published: February 2017

Background

Phenylhydrazine (PHE) in experimental animal models has been widely reported to cause haemolytic anaemia, via the induction of oxidative stress and thus causing deleterious cardiovascular complications. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the possible modulatory role of melatonin (MLT) or vitamin C when co-administered with PHE.

Methods

Anaemia was established with PHE administration. MLT or vitamin C was co-administered with PHE. Haematological parameters, markers of oxidative stress, enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants, blood pressure and electrocardiograms were assessed.

Results

PHE administration led to a significant (p<0.05) increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated in cardiac, renal and red blood cell (RBC) lysates. PHE also significantly reduced the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents, respectively. The RBC counts, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and packed cell volume (PCV) were also significantly reduced following the administration of PHE. Furthermore, the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) increased significantly in rats administered PHE alone. Similarly, PHE administration led to a significant drop in heart rate but prolonged QRS, QT and QTc interval. Pathology of the heart and kidney was also observed in PHE treated group. However, treatment with MLT and vitamin C improved enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant system together with the restoration of SBP, DBP and MABP to near normal. The architectural anarchy observed in the heart and kidney of PHE administered rats was reversed to some extent.

Conclusions

Hence, MLT and vitamin C could be employed as therapeutic targets in various cardiovascular diseases and its complications.
On signed Young permutation modules and signed p-Kostka numbers
Authors: Giannelli Eugenio , Lim Kay Jin , O’Donovan William , Wildon Mark
Published: February 2017

We prove the existence and main properties of signed Young modules
for the symmetric group, using only basic facts about symmetric group representations and the
Broué correspondence. We then
prove new reduction theorems for the signed p-Kostka numbers,
defined to be the multiplicities of signed Young modules as direct summands
of signed Young permutation modules. We end by classifying the indecomposable signed Young permutation modules
and determining their endomorphism algebras.
Forest surveys extend the range of the Krau woolly bat (Kerivoula krauensis) in the Malay-Thai Peninsula, Borneo and Sumatra
Authors: Struebig Matthew J. , Huang Joe Chun-Chia , Mohamed Nor Zalipah , Noerfahmy Sephy , Schöner Caroline R. , Schöner Michael G. , Francis Charles M.
Published: March 2017

Kerivoula krauensis was formally described in 2007 and until recently was only known from tropical forest in central peninsular Malaysia. We report four new records, which, together with recent published collections, extend the known range for this species to peatswamps, lowland and montane forests in Borneo and Sumatra (Brunei and Indonesia), and further north on the Malay peninsula, including Thailand. External body measurements and cranial data match well with those from the type locality, although echolocation call parameters differ – most likely due to technological improvements in recording devices. The species remains patchily distributed and rarely encountered, despite substantial sampling effort.
Fixed point and multidimensional fixed point theorems with applications to nonlinear matrix equations in terms of weak altering distance functions
Authors: Sawangsup Kanokwan , Sintunavarat Wutiphol
Published: February 2017

The aim of this work is to introduce the notion of weak altering distance functions and prove new fixed point theorems in metric spaces endowed with a transitive binary relation by using weak altering distance functions. We give some examples which support our main results where previous results in literature are not applicable. Then the main results of the paper are applied to the multidimensional fixed point results. As an application, we apply our main results to study a nonlinear matrix equation. Finally, as numerical experiments, we approximate the definite solution of a nonlinear matrix equation using MATLAB.
Matrix rank and inertia formulas in the analysis of general linear models
Authors: Tian Yongge
Published: February 2017

Matrix mathematics provides a powerful tool set for addressing statistical problems, in particular, the theory of matrix ranks and inertias has been developed as effective methodology of simplifying various complicated matrix expressions, and establishing equalities and inequalities occurred in statistical analysis. This paper describes how to establish exact formulas for calculating ranks and inertias of covariances of predictors and estimators of parameter spaces in general linear models (GLMs), and how to use the formulas in statistical analysis of GLMs. We first derive analytical expressions of best linear unbiased predictors/best linear unbiased estimators (BLUPs/BLUEs) of all unknown parameters in the model by solving a constrained quadratic matrix-valued function optimization problem, and present some well-known results on ordinary least-squares predictors/ordinary least-squares estimators (OLSPs/OLSEs). We then establish some fundamental rank and inertia formulas for covariance matrices related to BLUPs/BLUEs and OLSPs/OLSEs, and use the formulas to characterize a variety of equalities and inequalities for covariance matrices of BLUPs/BLUEs and OLSPs/OLSEs. As applications, we use these equalities and inequalities in the comparison of the covariance matrices of BLUPs/BLUEs and OLSPs/OLSEs. The work on the formulations of BLUPs/BLUEs and OLSPs/OLSEs, and their covariance matrices under GLMs provides direct access, as a standard example, to a very simple algebraic treatment of predictors and estimators in linear regression analysis, which leads a deep insight into the linear nature of GLMs and gives an efficient way of summarizing the results.
A triple representation of lattice effect algebras
Authors: Chajda Ivan , Länger Helmut
Published: February 2017

A mutual relationship between MV-algebras and coupled semirings as established by L. P. Belluce, A. Di Nola, A. R. Ferraioli and B. Gerla is extended to lattice effect algebras and so-called characterizing triples. We show that this correspondence is in fact one-to-one and hence every lattice effect algebra can be considered as an ordered triple consisting of two semiring-like structures and an antitone involution which is an isomorphism between these structures.
Periods of morgan-voyce sequences and elliptic curves
Authors: Ait-Amrane Lyes , Belbachir Hacène , Betina Kamel
Published: February 2017

We study the periods of Morgan-Voyce sequences modulo an integer m and the periods of Morgan-Voyce sequences over elliptic curves.
Multiplicative generalized derivations on ideals in semiprime rings
Authors: Gölbaşi Öznur
Published: February 2017

Let R be a ring and I is a nonzero ideal of R. A mapping F:R → R is called a multiplicative generalized derivation if there exists a mapping g:R → R such that F(xy) = F(x)y + xg(y), for all x, y ∈ R. In the present paper, we shall prove that R contains a nonzero central ideal if any one of the following holds:

F([x,y]) = 0,

F(xoy) = 0,

F([x,y]) = ± [x,y],

F(xoy) = ±(xoy),

F([x,y]) = ±(xoy),

F(xoy) = ±[x,y],

F([x,y]) = ±[F(x),y],

F(xoy) = ±(F(x)oy),

F(xy) ± xy ∈ Z,

F(xy) ± yx ∈ Z,

F(xy) ±[x,y] ∈ Z,

F(xy) ±(xoy) ∈ Z,

for all x, y ∈ I.
Applications of extremal theorem and radius equation for a class of analytic functions
Authors: Xiong Liangpeng , Liu Xiaoli
Published: February 2017

A linear operator D
𝒫
k

f(z) : S → S is introduced, where S denotes the class of univalent analytic functions in open unit disk and 𝒫
k
is an arbitrary monotonically increasing function in k. We study a new class 𝒯𝒫
k

(α
1, α
2, α
3, β) of analytic functions related to D
𝒫
k

f(z). The main object of this paper is to give the radius equation between the class 𝒯𝒫
k

(α
1, α
2, α
3,β) and the close-to-convex class of order α (0 ≤ α < 1). Also, we apply the extremal theorem to maximize |f
(𝒳)(z)| over 𝒯𝒫
k

(α
1, α
2, α
3, β), where 𝒳 = {0, 1, 2, …, k}, all the results are sharp.
On the “bang-bang” principle for a class of Riemann-Liouville fractional semilinear evolution inclusions
Authors: Liu Zhenhai , Bin Maojun , Liu Xiaoyou
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we research the existence of solutions for a class of Riemann-Liouville fractional evolution inclusions with nonconvex right hand side. Our main results obtain the existence of the extreme solution and the relationship of the solution sets between the original problem and the convexified problem. In the end, we give an example to illustrate the applications of the abstract results.
New criteria for global exponential stability of linear time-varying volterra difference equations
Authors: Le Trung Hieu
Published: February 2017

Linear time-varying Volterra difference equations are considered. By a novel approach, we get some new explicit criteria for global exponential stability. Some examples are given to illustrate the obtained results. To the best of our knowledge, the obtained results are new.
On approximation of functions by some hump matrix means of Fourier series
Authors: Łenski Włodzimierz , Szal Bogdan
Published: February 2017

The results corresponding to some theorems of S. Lal [Appl. Math. Comput. 209 (2009), 346–350] and the results of the authors [In: Banach Center Publ. 95, Polish Acad. Sci. Inst. Math., Warsaw, 2011, pp. 339–351] are shown. The same degrees of pointwise approximation as in mentioned papers by weaker assumptions on considered functions and examined summability methods are obtained. From presented pointwise results the estimation on norm approximation are derived. Some special cases as corollaries are also formulated.
Pseudo-amenability and pseudo-contractibility for certain products of Banach algebras
Authors: Ghaderi Eghbal , Nasr-Isfahani Rasoul , Nemati Mehdi
Published: February 2017

Let 𝔄 and 𝔅 be two Banach algebras and let θ be 𝔄 nonzero character on 𝔅. In this paper, we deal with the θ-Lau product 𝔄 ×
θ

𝔅 that was first introduced by A. T. Lau for certain Banach algebras known as Lau algebras and recently by M. S. Monfared for all Banach algebras; we study pseudo-amenability, pseudo-contractibility and character pseudo-amenability of 𝔄 ×
θ

𝔅 and their relations with 𝔄 and 𝔅.
Poisson kernels on semi-direct products of abelian groups
Authors: Penney Richard , Urban Roman
Published: February 2017

LetGbe a semi direct productG= ℝd⋊ ℝk. OnGwe consider a class of second order left-invariant differential operators of the formLα=∑j=1de2λj(a)∂xj2+∑j=1k(∂aj2−2αj∂aj),${{\cal L}_\alpha } = \sum\limits_{j = 1}^d {\mkern 1mu} e{{\mkern 1mu} ^{2{\lambda _j}(a)}}\partial _{{x_j}}^2 + \sum\limits_{j = 1}^k {(\partial _{{a_j}}^2 - 2{\alpha _j}{\partial _{{a_j}}})},$wherea∈ ℝkandλ1,...,λd∈ (ℝk)*. It is known that bounded 𝓛α-harmonic functions onGare precisely the “Poisson integrals” ofL∞(ℝd) against the Poisson kernelναwhich is a smooth function on ℝd. We prove an upper bound ofναand its derivatives.
On the properties (wL) and (wV)
Authors: Ghenciu Ioana
Published: February 2017

We characterize Banach spaces X with spaces with property (wL), i.e. spaces with the property that every L-subset of X* is weakly precompact. We prove that a Banach space X has property (wL) if and only if for any Banach space Y, any completely continuous operator T : X → Y has weakly precompact adjoint if and only if any completely continuous operator T : X → ℓ
∞ has weakly precompact adjoint.

We prove that if E is a Banach space and F is a reflexive subspace of E* such that ⊥
F has property (wL), then E has property (wL). We show that a space E has property RDP* (resp. the DPrcP) if and only if any closed separable subspace of E has property RDP* (resp. the DPrcP). We also show that G has property (wL) if under some conditions K

w*

(E*, F) contains the dual of G.
On the existence of solutions for quadratic integral equations in Orlicz spaces
Authors: Cichoń Mieczysław , Metwali Mohamed M. A.
Published: February 2017

We study quadratic integral equations in Orlicz spaces on the interval [a, b]. We relate growth conditions with appropriate spaces of solutions and then we investigate different cases. Our approach allows to consider discontinuous solutions as well as to unify the results for both quadratic and classical integral equations. Many different types of growth conditions for investigated functions are considered.
Almost Weyl structures on null geometry in indefinite Kenmotsu manifolds
Authors: Massamba Fortuné
Published: February 2017

We introduce and investigate a new concept of almost Weyl structures on null hypersufaces in indefinite Kenmotsu manifolds, tangent to the structure vector field. We show that, under some conditions, there are foliations on almost Weyl null hypersufaces which are Einstein-Weyl with scalar curvature of constant sign.
On the internal approach to differential equations 3. Infinitesimal symmetries
Authors: Chrastinová Veronika , Tryhuk Václav
Published: February 2017

The geometrical theory of partial differential equations in the absolute sense, without any additional structures, is developed. In particular the symmetries need not preserve the hierarchy of independent and dependent variables. The order of derivatives can be changed and the article is devoted to the higher-order infinitesimal symmetries which provide a simplifying “linear approximation” of general groups of higher-order symmetries. The classical Lie’s approach is appropriately adapted.
A Characterization of the discontinuity point set of strongly separately continuous functions on products
Authors: Karlova Olena , Mykhaylyuk Volodymyr
Published: February 2017

We study properties of strongly separately continuous mappings defined on subsets of products of topological spaces equipped with the topology of pointwise convergence. In particular, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for a strongly separately continuous mapping to be continuous on a product of an arbitrary family of topological spaces. Moreover, we characterize the discontinuity point set of strongly separately continuous function defined on a subset of countable product of finite-dimensional normed spaces.
Wick differential and Poisson equations associated to the 𝚀𝚆𝙽-Euler operator acting on generalized operators
Authors: Rguigui Hafedh
Published: February 2017

In this paper we study the homogeneous Wick differential equation associated to the quantum white noise (𝚀𝚆𝙽) Euler operator

Δ
E

g
,
Q

$\Delta _E^{g, Q}$

acting on generalized operators.

Δ
E

g
,
Q

$\Delta _E^{g, Q}$

is defined as sum of the extension of the 𝚀𝚆𝙽-Gross Laplacian and the 𝚀𝚆𝙽-conservation operator. It is shown that the operator

Δ
E

g
,
Q

$\Delta _E^{g, Q}$

has a representation in terms of the 𝚀𝚆𝙽-derivatives

{

D
c
−

,

D
c
+

:

c
∈
N
}

$\{ D_c^ -, D_c^ +: \;c \in N\} $

. The poisson equation is worked out as a non homogeneous Wick differential equation associated to

Δ
E

g
,
Q

$\Delta _E^{g, Q}$

.
On codes over 𝓡
k, m
and constructions for new binary self-dual codes
Authors: Tufekci Nesibe , Yildiz Bahattin
Published: February 2017

In this work, we study codes over the ring 𝓡
k, m
= 𝔽2[u, v]/ 〈uk
, vm
, uv − vu〉, which is a family of Frobenius, characteristic 2 extensions of the binary field. We introduce a distance and duality preserving Gray map from 𝓡
k, m
to

F
2

k
m

$\mathbb{F}_2^{km}$

together with a Lee weight. After proving the MacWilliams identities for codes over 𝓡
k, m
for all the relevant weight enumerators, we construct many binary self-dual codes as the Gray images of self-dual codes over 𝓡
k, m
. In addition to many extremal binary self-dual codes obtained in this way, including a new construction for the extended binary Golay code, we find 175 new Type I binary self-dual codes of parameters [72, 36, 12] and 105 new Type II binary self-dual codes of parameter [72, 36, 12].
Domination number of total graphs
Authors: Shariatinia Abbas , Maimani Hamid Reza , Yassemi Siamak
Published: February 2017

Let R be a commutative ring with Z(R) the set of zero-divisors and U(R) the set of unit elements of R. The total graph of R, denoted by T(Γ(R)), is the (undirected) graph with all elements of R as vertices, and for distinct x, y ∈ R, the vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if x + y ∈ Z(R). We study the domination number of T(Γ(R)). It is shown that if R = Z(R) ∪ U(R), then the domination number of T(∪(R)) is finite provided R has a maximal ideal of finite index. Moreover, if

R
=

∏

i
=
1

n

F
i

$R = \prod\limits_{i = 1}^n {{F_i}} $

, where Fi
is a field for each 1 ≤ i ≤ n and t = |F
1| ≤ |F
2| ≤ ··· ≤ |Fn
|, then the domination number of T(Γ(R)) is equal to t - 1 provided t = |Fi
| for every 1 ≤ i ≤ n, and is equal to t otherwise. Finally, for an R-module M it is shown that the total domination number of the total graph of the idealization (Nagata extension) R(+)M is equal to the domination number of the total graph of R provided M is a torsion free R-module or R = Z(R) ∪ U(R).
“It’s not comfortable being who I am” – Multilingual identity in superdiverse Dubai
Authors: ONeill Gary Thomas
Published: February 2017

This ethnographic case study examines the factors that contribute to multilingual choices and the construction of identities in a linguistically diverse family within a linguistically diverse city, Dubai in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Based on interviews with a female Emirati in her early thirties, the article examines this young woman’s dispositions (habitus), beliefs and practices with regard to the language and literacy resources at her disposal. It describes how she views English and several varieties of Arabic, focusing largely on her language practices, and the role that they play in the construction and management of her identities, within personal and professional relationships and in relation to the various tasks that she performs in daily life. The study finds that in this superdiverse society, existing language ideologies, indexicalities, stereotypes, and gender issues, may render the performance of multilingualism and the construction of identities potentially rewarding but also potentially disturbing, particularly for those individuals who, through birth and/or marriage, are members of several national or ethnic communities, and who may be, in some senses, icons of superdiversity.
Is English a Language Barrier to Public Higher Education in Puerto Rico?
Authors: Bischoff Shannon
Published: February 2017

The goal of this paper was to address the question,
Crystal structure of methyl 3-((1-(2-(methoxycarbonyl)benzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-2-naphthoate, C24H21N3O5
Authors: Tan Xiaoli , Hong Wei , Wang Meiyi , Wang Hao
Published: March 2017

C24H21N3O5, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 5.8731(6) Å, b = 12.4675(10) Å, c = 28.912(3) Å, β = 90.271(7)°, V = 2117.0(3)Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0797, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1733, T = 293.23(10) K.
Shelf Life Extension of Maple pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.) Spread Using Sous Vide
Authors: Ķirse Asnate , Kārkliņa Daina , Muižniece-Brasava Sandra
Published: March 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sous vide packaging on the shelf life of maple pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.) spread. Pea spreads were made of ground re-hydrated cooked maple peas ‘Bruno’ (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.), to which salt, citric acid, oil, and spices were added. Pea spread was stored in polyamide/polyethylene (PA/PE) film pouches, packaged in vacuum and hermetically sealed. Pea spread pouches were heat treated in a water bath, then rapidly cooled in ice-water and stored at 4.0 ± 0.5 °C. Sous vide was applied in three different heat regimens +(65.0; 80.0 and 100.0) ± 0.5 °C with cooking times 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min at a constant temperature. Total plate count was determined according to ISO 4833-1:2014 on Plate Count Agar and Enterobacteriaceae determination was performed in accordance with ISO 21528-2:2004 on Violet Red Bile Glucose Agar. Total plate count in pea spread without thermal treatment was 3.41 log10 CFU g−1, in all sous vide packaged pea spread samples microbial contamination was significantly lower (p < 0.05). Enterobacteriaceae were not detected in any samples. It is possible to extend the shelf life of sous vide maple pea spread up to 14 weeks when stored at 4.0 ± 0.5 °C.
Excess of radiation burden for young testicular cancer patients using automatic exposure control and contrast agent on whole-body computed tomography imaging
Authors: Niiniviita Hannele , Kulmala Jarmo , Pölönen Tuukka , Määttänen Heli , Järvinen Hannu , Salminen Eeva
Published: February 2017

Background

The aim of the study was to assess patient dose from whole-body computed tomography (CT) in association with patient size, automatic exposure control (AEC) and intravenous (IV) contrast agent.

Patients and methods

Sixty-five testicular cancer patients (mean age 28 years) underwent altogether 279 whole-body CT scans from April 2000 to April 2011. The mean number of repeated examinations was 4.3. The GE LightSpeed 16 equipped with AEC and the Siemens Plus 4 CT scanners were used for imaging. Whole-body scans were performed with (216) and without (63) IV contrast. The ImPACT software was used to determine the effective and organ doses.

Results

Patient doses were independent (p < 0.41) of patient size when the Plus 4 device (mean 7.4 mSv, SD 1.7 mSv) was used, but with the LightSpeed 16 AEC device, the dose (mean 14 mSv, SD 4.6 mSv) increased significantly (p < 0.001) with waist cirfumference. Imaging with the IV contrast agent caused significantly higher (13% Plus 4, 35% LightSpeed 16) exposure than non-contrast imaging (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Great caution on the use of IV contrast agent and careful set-up of the AEC modulation parameters is recommended to avoid excessive radiation exposure on the whole-body CT imaging of young patients.
Longevity in Slovenia: Past and potential gains in life expectancy by age and causes of death
Authors: Lotrič Dolinar Aleša , Došenović Bonča Petra , Sambt Jože
Published: February 2017

Introduction

In Slovenia, longevity is increasing rapidly. From 1997 to 2014, life expectancy at birth increased by 7 and 5 years for men and women, respectively. This paper explores how this gain in life expectancy at birth can be attributed to reduced mortality from five major groups of causes of death by 5-year age groups. It also estimates potential future gains in life expectancy at birth.

Methods

The importance of the five major causes of death was analysed by cause-elimination life tables. The total elimination of individual causes of death and a partial hypothetical adjustment of mortality to Spanish levels were analysed, along with age and cause decomposition (Pollard).

Results

During the 1997–2014 period, the increase in life expectancy at birth was due to lower mortality from circulatory diseases (ages above 60, both genders), as well as from lower mortality from neoplasms (ages above 50 years) and external causes (between 20 and 50 years) for men. However, considering the potential future gains in life expectancy at birth, by far the strongest effect can be attributed to lower mortality due to circulatory diseases for both genders. If Spanish mortality rates were reached, life expectancy at birth would increase by more than 2 years, again mainly because of lower mortality from circulatory diseases in very old ages.

Discussion and conclusions

Life expectancy analyses can improve evidence-based decision-making and allocation of resources among different prevention programmes and measures for more effective disease management that can also reduce the economic burden of chronic diseases.
Assessment of the association between dentate status and self-rated general health
Authors: Ranfl Martin , Zaletel-Kragelj Lijana
Published: February 2017

Objective

Aiming at preparing the basis for evidence-based dental public health policy making in Slovenia, the objective of the study was to assess the strength of association between oral health status measured by the number of missing teeth and self-rated health (SRH).

Methods

The study was designed as a pooled individual-level data study from four national cross-sectional studies carried out in the period 2001-2012, based on CINDI Health Monitor methodology. Altogether, 34,412 participants were included. A logistic regression model with poor SRH as observed outcome and the number of teeth as explanatory factor (adjusted for selected biologic, socio-economic and health factors) was proposed.

Results

In the sample, women represented 55.7% and men 44.3%, median age was 45 years. Persons with more missing teeth more likely rated their health as poor. The association was persistent even when different confounding variables were included in the model. In the group with 1-5 missing teeth, in comparison to the group with none missing teeth, OR was 1.23 (p=0.049), whereas for the group with 6-10 missing teeth, OR was 1.32 (p=0.019); for the group with >10 missing teeth, but not all, OR was 1.77 (p<0.001), and for the group with all missing teeth, OR was 2.19 (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Study results showed clear association of SRH with dentate status, which confirms the oral-general health connection. This indicates the need for the development of proper dental public health policies for better oral health, and presents a new view on the importance of preserving teeth.
The history of public health use of fluorides in caries prevention
Authors: Šket Tea , Kukec Andreja , Kosem Rok , Artnik Barbara
Published: February 2017

Aim

The aim of our study was to chronologically analyse various public health measures of fluoride use in caries prevention.

Methods

We systematically searched the PubMed database on the preventive role of fluorides in public health, published from 1984 to 2014. The search process was divided into four steps, where inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined. Qualitative methodology was used for the article analysis. In the research process, the described forms of F use, diversity of the described F agents, and the observed population group were analysed.

Results

In our systematic review, 40 relevant reviews were revealed. Fluorides have been used in many different forms, but only a few studies showed their significant role in public health. Water fluoridation was the most important public health measure. In the recent decades, the number of studies on topical fluorides is constantly rising. The most extensively described topical forms of fluorides are professionally applied fluoride agents and fluoride toothpaste for home-use. The use of fluoride containing toothpaste in caries prevention is a safe and successful public health measure (PHM) if their use is widespread, and it is recommended for all. The results on other topical forms of fluorides are insufficient to be suggested as an important PHM.

Conclusions

The role of fluorides in public health prevention has changed in accordance with the knowledge about the fluoride cariostatic mechanism. Previously the most important pre-eruptive effect of fluorides was supplemented by the post eruptive effect. Abundant evidence exists to show the effectiveness of systemic and topical fluorides.
Construction of a High-Density American Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarponAit.) Composite Map Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing for Multi-pedigree Linkage Mapping
Authors: Schlautman Brandon , Covarrubias-Pazaran Giovanny , Diaz-Garcia Luis , Iorizzo Massimo , Polashock James , Grygleski Edward , Vorsa Nicholi , Zalapa Juan
Published: March 2017

The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is a recently domesticated, economically important, fruit crop with limited molecular resources. New genetic resources could accelerate genetic gain in cranberry through characterization of its genomic structure and by enabling molecular-assisted breeding strategies. To increase the availability of cranberry genomic resources, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was used to discover and genotype thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within three interrelated cranberry full-sib populations. Additional simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were added to the SNP datasets and used to construct bin maps for the parents of the populations, which were then merged to create the first high-density cranberry composite map containing 6073 markers (5437 SNPs and 636 SSRs) on 12 linkage groups (LGs) spanning 1124 cM. Interestingly, higher rates of recombination were observed in maternal than paternal gametes. The large number of markers in common (mean of 57.3) and the high degree of observed collinearity (mean Pair-wise Spearman rank correlations >0.99) between the LGs of the parental maps demonstrates the utility of GBS in cranberry for identifying polymorphic SNP loci that are transferable between pedigrees and populations in future trait-association studies. Furthermore, the high-density of markers anchored within the component maps allowed identification of segregation distortion regions, placement of centromeres on each of the 12 LGs, and anchoring of genomic scaffolds. Collectively, the results represent an important contribution to the current understanding of cranberry genomic structure and to the availability of molecular tools for future genetic research and breeding efforts in cranberry.
A posztpartum depresszió evolúciós megközelítései
Authors: Szita Bernadett
Published: March 2017

A posztpartum depresszió (PPD) súlyos népegészségügyi problémát jelent világszerte, amely a nők mintegy 10–15%-át érinti a szülést követő időszakban. A PPD jelentősebb rizikófaktorai: alacsony társas támogatottság, alacsony szocioökonómiai státusz, koraszülött vagy egyéb perinatális komplikációkkal világra jövő újszülött és pszichiátriai zavarok az anya anamnézisében. A kórkép etiológiája nem teljesen tisztázott, kialakulásában biológiai és pszichoszociális faktoroknak egyaránt szerepet tulajdonítanak. Az evolúciós szemléletű megközelítések szerint a PPD nem patológiának, hanem egy olyan adaptív válasznak tekinthető, amely az esetlegesen bekövetkező reproduktív fitneszveszteségről nyújt információt az anyának, és arra ösztönzi, hogy mérlegelje, folytassa-e vagy felfüggessze az utódgondozást. E szerint az utódgondozás az anya részéről korántsem automatikus, hanem a reproduktív költségek és nyereségek függvényében alakul. A tanulmány a PPD evolúciós elméleteit tekinti át, az azokat támogató és cáfoló újabb kutatási eredmények ismertetésével együtt.
KORELASI GENOTIP ALLOZYMEDAN FRAGMEN INFEKSIVIRAL NERVOUS NECROSIS (VNN) PADA KERAPU BEBEK, Cromileptes altivelis
Authors: Sembiring Sari Budi Moria , Haryanti Haryanti , Permana I Gusti Ngurah , Mahardika Ketut , Sugama Ketut
Published: March 2017

Analisis allozim dan mt-DNA dilakukan pada kerapu bebek, c. attivetis untuk mengetahui korelasi antara sifat genotip dan ketahanan terhadap inteksi VNN yang dapat dijadikan indikator seleksi perbaikan mutu genetik.
KEBUTUHAN PROTEIN DALAM PAKAN UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN YUWANA IKAN KERAPU BATIK (Epinephelus polyphekadion)
Authors: Marzuqi Muhammad , Giri Nyoman Adiasmara , Suwirya Ketut
Published: March 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan kandungan protein dalam pakan buatan terhadap pertumbuhan yuwana kerapu batik  (E. Polyphekadion)
Optical mapping preps for kiwifruit v1
Authors: Hilario Elena
Published: February 2017

Optical mapping technologies assist the assembly of large and complex genomes. Although protocols for preparing this kind of samples are now conveniently available in kits, some plants won't respond to the standardized conditions or the researcher might not have access to it. Here I provide a draft protocol I have been working on for kiwifruit, with limited success. The nuclear genomic DNA produced is ~ 1 Mbp long but it has not passed the service provider QC step. I would be very happy to hear from the ResearchGate and Protocos.io communities regarding any interest in collaborating to improve this method and eventually make it available to a wider audience.
Informationalism and informalization of learnings in 21st century. A qualitative study on meaningful learning experiences
Authors: Esteban-Guitart Moises , Serra Josep Maria , Vila Ignasi
Published: February 2017

Recent work on education, based on sociocultural principles, suggest an expansion of the traditional boundaries of learning research that takes into account the multiple spaces and life trajectories that make up experience across our life-worlds. This article focuses specifically on young people’s significant learning experiences in order to illustrate empirically what learning means - i.e. where, with whom and how - in the ‘new ecology of learning’ based on the informalization and informationalization of learning in XXI century. 43 significant learning experiences were identified from four young students who recorded their specific learning experiences during a week by means of a significant learning experiences journal and photographs they took themselves. The results show the presence of informal, everyday, spontaneous activities among the significant learning experiences detected and the use of digital technologies as learning resources; they also reveal the assistance of friends and family in the learning process. In conclusion, this study illustrates how young people in XXI century are involved in a whole range of different activities across different sites and over time.
The Visual Rhetoric of Self-advocacy Organisations on Poverty: All about Courage?
Authors: Degerickx Heidi , Roets Griet , Van Gorp Angelo
Published: February 2017

At the beginning of the 1990s, several European welfare states installed a policy on poverty that explicitly recognised the voice and life knowledge of people in poverty. The idea of talking ‘with’ the poor came to prominence instead of talking ‘about’ or ‘to’ people in poverty. Beresford and Croft (1995) proclaimed a possible paradigm shift from advocacy to self-advocacy. In Belgium, in the aftermath of the General Report on Poverty (1994), grassroots organisations such as ATD Fourth World and BMLIK (Movement of People with Low Income and Children ) gained recognition as ‘organisations where people in poverty take the floor’. BMLIK launched the photobook Courage (1998) which contains prominent black and white photographs portraying families in deep poverty combined with oral testimonies. The central question we ask is whether and how this photobook can be considered an emblematic case for the framing of poverty as a violation of human rights, and for the way the self-advocacy paradigm has been materialised in this. Through a visual-rhetorical analysis (Foss, 1994) of Courage we present our research findings wherein the ‘pedagogical aesthetic’ (Trachtenberg, 1990) of socially engaged photography comes to the fore, as well as how this contributes to social change and justice.
Between Vietnam and 9/11: Arnold Schwarzenegger and a New Type of Masculinity in Twins and Kindergarten Cop
Authors: Prorokova Tatiana
Published: February 2017

In this article, I argue that the 1990s was a culturally pivotal period in the history of the U.S., trapped between the Vietnam War and 9/11. Therefore, realization and representation of such a phenomenon as “masculinity” in the 1990s differs considerably from its portrayal before the decade had started and after it was over. I demonstrate that with the release of Twins (1988) and Kindergarten Cop (1990), Arnold Schwarzenegger became a new hero of the 1990s, showcasing that masculinity of the 1990s was multifaceted. I contend that in the 1990s male masculinity was not defined by the notions of power, aggressiveness, and emotionless anymore, on the contrary, vulnerability, devotion, and care were the aspects that characterized it.