bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVALÊNCIA DA COLONIZAÇÃO POR ESTREPTOCOCO DO GRUPO B EM GESTANTES ATENDIDAS EM UM HOSPITAL PÚBLICO
Authors: Sabrina Moita Costa Mendes  , Marinelli Natália Pereira , Alyne Rodrigues de Araújo  , Adriana Sotero-Martins  , Malvina Thaís Pacheco Rodrigues  , Jesus Pais Ramos
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência da bactéria estreptococo grupo B (EGB) em gestantes e verificar o padrão de resistência aos antimicrobianos. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 149 gestantes acompanhadas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), atendidas de outubro de 2019 a março de 2020, no município de Parnaíba-PI. Foram coletadas duas amostras de cultura, uma da região vaginal e outra da região anal, em seguida, inoculadas em meio seletivo de Todd-Hewitt, suplementado   com   gentamicina (8µg/mL) e   ácido   nalidíxico (15µg/mL).  As amostras foram analisadas nos laboratórios de microbiologia e de biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus de Parnaíba-PI. Exploraram-se também os dados demográficos, socioeconômicos, reprodutivos e clínico-obstétricos. Resultados: A taxa de colonização pelo EGB foi de 17, 45%, considerada elevada pois se aproxima da taxa de prevalência global de gestantes (17,9%). Todas as amostras positivas foram sensíveis à penicilina e a maior parte foram sensíveis a clindamicina (92,3%) e a eritromicina (73,1%). Conclusão: A prevalência do EGB dentre as gestantes analisadas foi relativamente alta, portanto, sugere-se a inclusão da cultura com antibiograma para EGB em todas as gestantes com idade gestacional de 35 a 37 semanas e administração da profilaxia intraparto para aquelas com resultado positivo, com ações promoção e proteção à saúde.
Institutional Striving and Gender Equity in Faculty Salaries and Employment
Authors: Choi Junghee
Published: March 2023

Climbing the ladder of institutional prestige is often promoted by leaders and policymakers in higher education, but there may be trade-offs associated with striving for status. This study examines the impact of Texas’s National Research University Fund (NRUF), which uses financial incentives to support institutions’ pursuit of prestige, on the salaries and employment of faculty. For full professors, the NRUF had a positive effect on the salaries of both men and women, but the policy also contributed to widening the gender gap in salary. In regard to employment, the NRUF had a negative impact on the share of women among full professors. The findings suggest that organizational pursuit of prestige may have unintended consequences for faculty gender equity.
Dynamic Engagement: A Longitudinal Dual-Process, Reciprocal-Effects Model of Teacher Motivational Practice and L2 Student Engagement
Authors: Zhou Shiyao Ashlee , Hiver Phil V. , Al-Hoorie Ali H.
Published: March 2023

In this study, we investigated two core understandings related to the nature of second language (L2) student engagement from a self-determination theory framework: (1) that there is a dual process of development that follows from the initial conditions of the L2 classroom environment (specifically teacher motivational practice: autonomy-supportive vs. controlling), which leads to two distinct motivational experiences (need satisfaction vs. need frustration), which in turn results in qualitatively different types of student classroom functioning (engagement vs. disengagement); and (2) that there are reciprocal effects between the L2 classroom environment and student classroom functioning. We collected data from 1,742 students enrolled in general-purpose postsecondary English courses in mainland China at three waves in a 17-week semester, and tested a longitudinal dual-process, reciprocal-effects model. Our analyses showed that student perceptions of teacher motivational practice at the beginning of the semester predicted psychological need satisfaction at later time points. Psychological need satisfaction in turn predicted later classroom engagement. Student engagement also had feedback effects and predicted subsequent perceptions of teacher motivational practice. We discuss the implications of these results for L2 learning and teaching and consider ways that future research might build on our design and extend these findings.
Adapting Machine Learning Techniques for Low-Resource Settings in Developing Countries: A Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Srivastava Mashrin
Published: March 2023

Developing countries face unique challenges in harnessing the power of machine learning (ML) due to limited resources, data scarcity, and imbalanced representations. This paper aims to address these challenges by exploring advances in algorithms and methods tailored for low-resource settings, as well as examining industry practices and societal impacts of ML solutions in developing countries. We present a multidisciplinary approach, combining the fields of computer science, social sciences, and policy-making to ensure the development and deployment of inclusive and sustainable ML solutions.
Exploring the Interplay of Pretraining, Architecture, and Adaptation in Foundation Models
Authors: Srivastava Mashrin
Published: March 2023

Foundation models have emerged as powerful tools for learning and adapting to a wide range of tasks due to their ability to leverage large and diverse data sources. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the key components that contribute to the success of foundation models, including pretraining, architecture, and adaptation mechanisms. We first investigate the role of pretraining in learning useful representations and how different objectives transfer to downstream tasks. We then delve into the impact of architectural choices on the learned representations, such as the effect of model scale, attention mechanisms, and nonparametric models. Finally, we explore different adaptation methods, including fine-tuning, few-shot learning, and prompting, to understand their efficiencies and limitations. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of robustness, calibration, and addressing biases in foundation models. We conclude by examining emergent phenomena and scaling laws in these models as they scale in size and capacity.
Toward a transdisciplinary integration of research purposes and methods for Complex Dynamic Systems Theory: Beyond the quantitative–qualitative divide
Authors: Hiver Phil , Al-Hoorie Ali H. , Larsen-Freeman Diane
Published: March 2023

Complexity theory/Complex dynamic systems theory has challenged conventional approaches to applied linguistics research by encouraging researchers to adopt a pragmatic transdisciplinary approach that is less paradigmatic and more problem-oriented in nature. Its proponents have argued that the starting point in research design should not be the quantitative–qualitative distinction, and even mixed methods, but the distinction between individual- versus group-based designs (i.e., idiographic versus nomothetic). Taking insights from the application of complexity research in other human and social sciences, we propose an integrative transdisciplinary framework that unites these different perspectives (quantitative–qualitative, individual–group based) but makes the starting point exploratory–falsificatory aims. We discuss the implications of this transdisciplinary approach to applied linguistics research and illustrate how such an integrated approach might be implemented in the field.
Leveraging Machine Learning for Effective Public Health Policies: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic and Future Directions in Global Health
Authors: Srivastava Mashrin
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the vulnerabilities of global health systems and highlighted the need for rapid, data-driven decision-making in public health. Machine learning (ML) has the potential to provide valuable insights and contribute to improved health outcomes. In this paper, we aim to explore the role of ML in global health, identify its limitations, and discuss strategies to overcome these challenges while maximizing its benefits. We conduct a comprehensive literature review and analyze case studies from the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings indicate that ML has played a significant role in the COVID-19 response, particularly in areas such as disease modeling, drug discovery, and resource allocation. However, several limitations, including data quality and accessibility, hinder the full potential of ML in global health. We propose strategies to overcome these limitations, such as promoting data-sharing collaborations, ensuring data privacy, and fostering interdisciplinary research. This paper contributes to the ongoing conversation on the applications and limitations of ML in global health, providing insights and recommendations for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to effectively leverage ML for improved public health outcomes.
Experiment ended
Authors: end exp
Published: March 2023

Experiment ended -- Experiment ended
Language and Islam in the Asian Pacific: Introducing the special issue
Authors: Al-Hoorie Ali H.
Published: March 2023

If English is the lingua franca for business, science, and technology, Arabic is the undisputed lingua franca for Muslims. For Muslims, it is the language of the Quran, Prophet Muhammad, prayer, and paradise. Non-Arabic speaking Muslims must use Arabic to perform daily rituals, even if they do not fully understand the literal meaning of most of the Arabic recitations involved. Those who do understand Arabic scripture are looked at in awe by many non-Arabic speakers, particularly if Arabic is their second language. Indeed, as Watt and Fairfield (2008) succinctly put it, “authenticity tolls loudest when rung out by ancient syllables” (pp. 359–360). This faith-based motivation to learn a language other than English (or LOTE; Dörnyei & Al-Hoorie, 2017) is part and parcel of the different world religions, applying to varying degrees for example to Greek and Latin to Christianity, Hebrew in Judaism, Sanskrit in Hinduism, and Pali in Buddhism.
From replication to substantiation: A Complexity Theory perspective
Authors: Al-Hoorie Ali H. , Hiver Phil , Larsen-Freeman Diane , Lowie Wander
Published: March 2023

In contemporary methodological thinking, replication holds a central place. However, relatively little attention has been paid to replication in the context of complex dynamic systems theory (CDST), perhaps due to uncertainty regarding the epistemology–methodology match between these domains. In this paper, we explore the place of replication in relation to open systems and argue that three conditions must be in place for replication research to be effective: results interpretability, theoretical maturity, and terminological precision. We consider whether these conditions are part of the applied linguistics body of work, and then propose a more comprehensive framework centering on what we call SUBSTANTIATION RESEARCH, only one aspect of which is replication. Using this framework, we discuss three approaches to dealing with replication from a CDST perspective theory. These approaches are moving from a representing to an intervening mindset, from a comprehensive theory to a mini-theory mindset, and from individual findings to a cumulative mindset.
Crop Yield Prediction based on Reanalysis and Crop Phenology Data in the Agroclimatic Zones
Authors: Yeşilköy Serhan , Demir Ibrahim
Published: March 2023

Crop yield and phenological stages are remarkably sensitive to not only environmental factors like atmospheric conditions and physical properties of soils but also agricultural activities. Accurate crop yield prediction plays a crucial role in food security and agricultural sustainability. There are several approaches that a wide range of researchers have tried to predict crop yield at different scales. In this study, we tested AgERA5 reanalysis product and crop phenological stage data to predict winter wheat yields in the agricultural lands of the agroclimatic regions of Turkey. The main objective is to propose a deep learning approach based on the combination of the reanalysis, which was extracted for the agricultural lands of the five most productive agroclimatic zones, and crop phenology data to predict winter wheat yields. Five performance indicators, such as normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), root mean squared error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), and coefficient of determination (R2), are chosen to test the model’s accuracy and effectiveness. We have obtained promising findings and suggested that AgERA5 reanalysis data can be used as an input for the crop yield prediction of winter wheat with an error below 10% and a coefficient of determination above 0.9.
A silent burden: how negative experiences with public toilets impact quality of life and life satisfaction
Authors: Corradi Guido , Barrada Juan Ramón , Garcia-Garzon Eduardo
Published: March 2023

Public toilets are a critical public health issue with a significant negative impact on people's lives. Unfortunately, the effect of negative experiences caused by public toilets on people's quality of life and life satisfaction is unknown. In this study, participants (n = 550) were asked to fill in a scale-based survey about their negative experiences with public toilets, quality of life, and life satisfaction. We found that people with toilet-dependent illnesses (36% of the sample) reported more negative experiences with public toilets than their counterparts. These negative experiences are also related to lower scores in some areas of participants' quality of life, such as their environmental, psychological, and physical health and life satisfaction, even after controlling for relevant socioeconomic variables.Additionally, toilet-dependent individuals had particularly negative experiences in terms of life satisfaction and physical health than non-toilet-dependent people. We conclude that the impoverishment of quality of life linked to public toilets as an environmental inadequacy is traceable, estimable, and meaningful. This association is not only negative for ordinary people, but it is significantly negative for people with toilet-dependent illnesses. These results highlight that public toilets are essential to ensure collective well-being, particularly when considering those affected by their presence or lack thereof.
Prioritizing Lifestyle Factors for Effective Emotion Regulation: A Daily Study on First-Year College Students’ Well-Being During COVID-19
Authors: Rombaoa Jaymes Paolo , Heshmati Saida , Owen Tyler , Rodriguez Marcus
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted emerging adult first-year college students’ daily lives and well-being. Adaptive emotion regulation (ER) is crucial for this developmental transition phase during challenging times. We assessed 1,796 ecological momentary assessments from 76 first-year students (aged 18–20, 71% female, 46% white) during the Spring 2020 COVID-19 campus lockdowns. Multilevel model results revealed that specific Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) based ER behaviors were associated with greater momentary well-being. We then contextualized participants’ likelihood to engage in ER behaviors based on day of the week and human interaction. We found that engaging in ER behaviors increased or decreased based on these factors; specifically, participants were more likely to do nearly all the DBT ER behaviors if they recently interacted with others. This study contributes an ecologically valid understanding of how emerging adult first-year students navigate their emotional experiences and well-being within the confines of daily life during a pandemic.
Valuing Preprints Must be Part of Responsible Research Assessment
Authors: Syed Moin
Published: March 2023

Comments on papers by Schönbrodt et al. (2022) and Gärtner et al. (2022) proposing reforms to the research assessment process. Given the prominent role of preprints in contemporary scientific practice, they must be an accepted and central component of research assessment.
Predicting Pointing from Early Emotional Communication with Mothers, Fathers, and Strangers through the Lens of Temperament
Authors: Salvadori Eliala , Colonnesi Cristina , Oort Frans J. , Messinger Daniel
Published: March 2023

Emotional and referential communication are primary expressions of social engagement in infancy and beyond. Although early patterns of dyadic emotional communication may form a foundation for triadic referential communication and gesture production, the role of temperament in moderating their association has not been examined. We investigated whether early dyadic patterns of emotional communication, as well as infant temperamental surgency and negative affectivity, were associated with later pointing production. Participants were 51 infants (45% girls) and both their parents (86.5% Dutch). Infant emotional communication (production of smile, vocalizations, and gaze) was observed during separate home-based face-to-face interactions with mothers, fathers, and strangers at 4 and 8 months. At both ages, mothers and fathers reported on infant temperament, and overall means were calculated. Referential communication (declarative pointing) was measured during structured lab-based observations at 12 and 15 months. Emotional and referential communication behaviors were microanalytically coded second by second. Poisson multilevel regression analyses indicated interaction effects between temperament and early visual, facial, and vocal communication with each partner in predicting pointing. Specifically, high levels of infant temperamental surgency tended to enhance positive associations between dyadic communication patterns with mothers and fathers and pointing, while high levels of negative affectivity tended to dampen associations between communication patterns with stranger and pointing. Results highlight the importance of infant early interaction with diverse social partners and the moderating role of temperament in predicting referential communication.
Selective attention mechanisms in sensory processing and sensory-motor transformations
Authors: Wolf Markus
Published: March 2023

Attention plays a crucial role in the selection for perception. Here identify different paradigms and experimental tasks that can be used to study the deployment of attention in different perceptual domains, such as vision, audition and somato-sensation, and then point out further involvements of attention in everyday tasks that go beyond a purely perceptual perspective and indicate its role in the selection for action. We show that attention is not only tightly linked to movement primitives, such as individual saccades or manual reaches, but also in more complex everyday tasks that are formed by complicated concatenations of movement primitives. We also highlight new ways of studying the involvement of visual attention in such complex movement patterns and the neurophysiological and neuroimaging approaches to better understand its neuronal mechanisms.
ERP Evidence for Slavic and German Word Stress Cue Sensitivity in English
Authors: Ivanova Marina , Neubert Christiane R. , Schmied Josef , Bendixen Alexandra
Published: March 2023

Word stress is demanding for non-native learners of English, partly because speakers from different backgrounds weight perceptual cues to stress like pitch, intensity, and duration differently. Slavic learners of English and particularly those with a fixed stress language background like Czech and Polish have been shown to be less sensitive to stress in their native and non-native languages. In contrast, German English learners are rarely discussed in a word stress context. A comparison of these varieties can account for differences in the foreign language processing of speakers from two language families. We use electroencephalography (EEG) to explore group differences in word stress cue perception between Slavic and German learners of English. Slavic and German advanced English speakers were examined in passive multi-feature oddball experiments, where they were exposed to the word impact as an unstressed standard and as deviants stressed on the first or second syllable through higher pitch, intensity, or duration. The results revealed a robust Mismatch Negativity (MMN) component of the event-related potential (ERP) in both language groups in response to all conditions, demonstrating sensitivity to stress changes in a non-native language. While both groups showed higher MMN responses to stress changes to the second than the first syllable, this effect was more pronounced for German than for Slavic participants. Such group differences in non-native English word stress perception from the current and previous studies are argued to speak in favor of customizable language technologies and diversified English curricula compensating for non-native perceptual variation.
Co-Design and Development of an Internet Search Intervention using Google AdWords for Individuals Contemplating Suicide: The Lived Experience Hope Exchange
Authors: Onie Sandersan
Published: March 2023

Background: Suicide is a recognized public health issue, with approximately 800,000 people dying by suicide each year. Past findings suggest that individuals may search for suicide-related terms prior to an attempt. Therefore, we may be able to use internet ads to interrupt their search process to promote help seeking. Further, lived experience co-design has been used to develop effective and engaging products. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to co-design and develop internet search advertisements and web pages targeting individuals searching for suicide related terms. The secondary objective is to outline lived experience engagement methods in line with co-design principles. Methods: To inform the design of the intervention, two lived experience advisory groups were established. Together, we conducted a series of co-design workshops split by age groups asking participants what individuals are likely to search for when contemplating suicide, what advertisements are likely to encourage clicking through, and what would or would not be helpful on the web pages and modules. This process involved several rounds with varying methods to ensure our intervention captured the vision of the lived experience advisors and was in line with current literature.Results: The list of keywords generated included means-specific keywords, help-seeking keywords, general crisis-related keywords, and general contemplation-related keywords. Participants clearly stressed that the intervention should communicate clearly that it was developed by lived experience persons and that it was for individuals with lived experience. Modules requested included hearing community stories, easily digestible information and resources, along with calming and distracting activities. Further, different age groups had stark differences in their needs and preferences for the keywords, web pages, and associated modules. For example, while the younger age group asked for distracting resources, the older age group specifically noted it would not be helpful. Across all areas, the lived-experience advisors emphasized respect for agency, and diversity of options. Conclusion: The current intervention targets individuals searching for suicide related-terms on Google by presenting an advertisement to a web page with a range of varying resources. It has the potential to provide accessible and cost-effective support for individuals who may not otherwise reach out for help. A randomized controlled trial of this intervention is underway.
A Methodological Framework to Study Change in Team Cognition Under the Dynamical Hypothesis
Authors: van Eijndhoven Kyana Hyun Joo , Wiltshire Travis J. , Halgas Elwira , Gevers Josette M. P.
Published: March 2023

The dynamical hypothesis claims that cognitive systems, such as teams, are dynamical systems (i.e., an interdependent collection of individuals and their technology that change together over time). Following this hypothesis, team researchers have adopted dynamical approaches to gain a better understanding of the team cognitive processes and states that form team cognition as well as how they emerge and unfold over time. One such approach focuses on team coordination dynamics, which examines the coupling of signals between interacting individuals in various modalities, and has been shown to reflect important properties of team functioning including team cognition. However, how changes in team coordination relate to high-level team cognitive processes and states, as well as important events, are not yet fully understood. To this end, we advance a methodological framework for researching team cognition under the dynamical hypothesis by integrating a team coordination dynamics research framework with concomitant methodologies. Subsequently, we provided an empirical application of this framework. Thereby, this work contributes methodologically and empirically to a deeper understanding of team cognition, the dynamical hypothesis, and the synergy between them.
Perceived Severity of Childhood Emotional, Sexual, and Physical Abuse: Comparisons Across Psychologists, Students, and the General Public
Authors: Nguyen-Feng Viann N , Zheng Linda , Reich Catherine M , Lee Elizabeth K , Dahl Caitie
Published: March 2023

Objective. Childhood emotional abuse has been linked with mental and physical health concerns yet may be perceived as less severe than other forms of childhood abuse. The present study aims to (1) understand perceptions of childhood abuse forms across psychologists, general college-level students, and the general public; and (2) investigate whether personal emotional abuse history affects perceptions of emotional abuse. Method. Participants (N = 444) completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form and provided perceived abuse severity and offender responsibility on eight case vignettes of emotional, physical, sexual, and no abuse. Research Question 1 was tested with a two-way (vignette type × participant type) multivariate analysis of variance performed on perceived severity and offender responsibility scores. Research Question 2 included abuse history as a third factor to examine potential moderation. Results. All three groups perceived scenarios regarding emotional abuse as less severe and the offender less responsible than scenarios regarding sexual or physical abuse. Unexpectedly, psychologists were just as variable in their perceptions of abuse severity across abuse forms, as compared to the general public and college students. However, psychologists with emotional abuse histories provided more severe ratings on emotional abuse items, more in line with general public perceptions. College students’ and the general public’s relative ratings were roughly equivalent regardless of emotional abuse history. Conclusions. The study calls for more attention to emotional abuse in psychologist training programs. Research and training to increase understanding of emotional abuse and its sequalae could move forward related educational outreach and legal proceedings.
Artificial Language Learning
Authors: Culbertson Jennifer
Published: March 2023

Artificial language learning experiments, first used as early as the 1950s, have helped language acquisition researchers answer longstanding questions about how learners derive representations and make generalizations based on exposure to limited data. Recently, they have been co-opted by theoretical linguists to test hypotheses about how properties of human cognition shape natural language phonology, morphology, and syntax. Empirical evidence derived from these methods has been used to build more precise accounts of the link between how languages are learned (and processed) and cross-linguistic tendencies long-noted in the typological record. This chapter explains why artificial language learning is an important tool in the syntactician’s toolbox, what phenomena it has been used to study to date, and where research with these methods is heading in the future.
Superior social cognitive abilities in childhood are associated with better reward-seeking strategies in adolescence: evidence for a Social-Motivational Flexibility Model
Authors: Tsomokos Dimitris I.
Published: March 2023

Social cognitive abilities, including theory of mind, emerge in childhood and continue to develop across childhood and adolescence. They are crucially important to children's adjustment and self-regulation, and they are related to mental health outcomes. In this project, we look at large national birth cohorts and other datasets to uncover new associations and causal mechanisms between these areas of development, adjustment, learning, and psychopathology.
No privileged link between intentionality and causation: Generalizable effects of agency in language
Authors: Joo Sehrang , Yousif Sami Ryan , Martin Fabienne , Keil Frank , Knobe Joshua
Published: March 2023

People are more inclined to agree with certain causal statements when a person acts intentionally than when a person acts unintentionally or without agency. Most existing research has assumed that this effect is to be explained in terms of the operation of people’s causal cognition. We propose a different explanation which involves a linguistic phenomenon involving the impact of agency on people’s judgments about a broader class of sentences, including non- causal sentences. Study 1 shows that the effect arises for both causal and non-causal sentences. The remaining studies show that the effect arises only when the subject of the sentence is animate (Study 2), that the effect arises both for outcomes with negative valence and outcomes with neutral valence (Study 3) and that the effect is driven by whether or not a person exercises agentive control over her body, rather than whether or not she intends the particular outcome of her action (Study 4). We conclude with a formal linguistic theory that captures these effects.
Cracking the pitch code of music-motor synchronization using data-driven methods
Authors: Migotti Léo , Aucouturier Jean-Julien
Published: March 2023

The study of auditory-motor synchronization with music has been so far mostly concerned with timing. For instance, research has established that people are able to spontaneously coordinate with musical beat when walking or running. Yet, music is more than a metronome, and the relation between the spectral dimension of music, i.e. parameters such as its pitch, timber, or harmonic structure, and simultaneous motion remains nearly unknown. Here, we introduce a novel data-driven paradigm in which participants were asked to walk on a treadmill while listening to a large variety of musical tones systematically varied in pitch. Using analysis techniques inspired by psychophysical reverse correlation, we show that participants' gait patterns while walking to music spontaneously encode pitch height: despite being instructed to simply synchronize in time, participants steps were both longer and heavier on tones with lower pitches. These findings reveal that, similarly to time perception, pitch cognition is not purely 'disembodied' and suggest that listeners' spontaneous motor reactions to pitch might ground their ability to mentally represent music.
Using ChatGPT and Other Large Language Model (LLM) Applications for Academic Paper Assignments
Authors: Jungherr Andreas
Published: March 2023

Large language models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, GitHub Copilot, and Microsoft Copilot, present challenges in university education, particularly for paper assignments. These AI-driven tools enable students to (semi)automatically complete tasks that were previously considered evidence of skill acquisition, potentially affecting grading and skill development. However, the use of these tools is not legally considered plagiarism and is becoming increasingly integrated into various software solutions.University education in the social sciences aims to develop students' abilities to make sense of the world, connect their observations with abstract structures, measure phenomena of interest, systematically test expectations, and present findings in structured accounts. These practices are learned through repeated performance of tasks, such as writing research papers. LLM applications like ChatGPT create conflicting incentives for students, who might rely on them to produce parts of their papers instead of engaging in the learning process.While LLMs can be helpful tools for knowledge discovery, writing assistance, and coding assistance, using them effectively and safely requires an understanding of their underlying mechanisms, potential weaknesses, and enough domain knowledge to identify mistakes. This makes LLMs particularly challenging for students in the early stages of acquiring scientific skills and domain knowledge.Educators must enable and train students to responsibly use these new tools, reflecting on the underlying tensions and their strengths and weaknesses for academic writing tasks. This working paper aims to provide guidelines on responsible LLM use in academic contexts, specifically for students at the Chair for the Governance of Complex and Innovative Technological Systems at the University of Bamberg. The paper discusses the function of written paper assignments, the tasks necessary to complete them, and evaluates ChatGPT's performance in assisting with these tasks. It concludes with observations and advice for students to maximize the benefits of LLMs while mitigating potential risks in academic contexts, focusing on enabling learning.
Labor market entry of ethnic minority bachelor’s graduates in Germany: the role of human capital, field of study, and search behavior
Authors: Neumeyer Sebastian
Published: March 2023

While occupational attainment of ethnic minorities has been widely studied for general populations, few studies exist on the labor market returns of college graduates. This study addresses this gap by focusing graduates of bachelor's degrees, which have been implemented during the Bologna Process in Germany. Using data from nationwide graduate surveys, I investigate ethnic differences in job access and job quality and assess a model of three explanatory approaches (human capital differences, differences in field of study, differences in search behavior). First, job access is more difficult for ethnic minorities, especially from Turkey, while differences in job quality are smaller and less consistent for most minority groups. Second, based on decomposition analyses, I show that differences in human capital and search behavior contribute substantially to increased unemployment rates among ethnic minorities and together explain about half of the ethnic gaps. Third, in addition to grades and work experience in college, human capital acquired prior to college, especially through vocational education and training, helps explain ethnic differences in job access. Fourth, while ethnic unemployment gaps are smaller among men than among women, the explanatory value of the tested model is similar for men and women.
BAGAIMANA SISTEM PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA DAN BERBAGAI PROBLEMATIKA NYA
Authors: Damayanti Dea
Published: March 2023

Pendidikan adalah suatu hal yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kehidupan manusia. Pendidikan adalah sumber kemajuan suatu bangsa, jika Pendidikan baik maka kualitas sumber daya manusia juga dapat ditingkatkan. Sumber daya manusia adalah aset utama dalam membangun suatu bangsa. Permasalahan yang banyak terjadi dalam dunia Pendidikan di Indonesia adalah kurang tertatanya program pembelajaran yang terlaksana. Dalam memajukan Pendidikan di Indonesia pemerintah dan masyarakat harus saling bantu dan bekerja sama dalam mendukung terciptanya belajar yang baik. Dan semoga kedepannya perkembangan Pendidikan di Indonesia semakin membaik. Artikel ini membahas tentang bagaimana Pendidikan yang ada di Indonesia dan mengatasi berbagai problematika Pendidikan yang ada.
Suatu Studi Kebijakan Pendidikan Pada Masa Orde Lama
Authors: Pitriani Anisa
Published: March 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis kebijakan pendidikan yang berlangsung sejak 17 Agustus 1945 hingga Demokrasi Terpimpin tahun 1965, sebelum dimulainya Era Orde Baru. Metode dalam penelitian ini lebih ditekankan pada jenis penelitian kepustakaan. Diperoleh dari buku-buku pokok permasalahan yaitu strategi pemerintah Orde Lama dalam melaksanakan sistem Pendidikan di Indonesia. Metode pengumpulan data terkait kebijakan sistem pendidikan Indonesia pada masa Orde Lama meliputi buku, jurnal, artikel, majalah, dan internet. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis Miles dan Huberman dengan tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan (verifikasi). Hasil penelusuran menunjukkan bahwa penyelenggaraan pendidikan Indonesia pada era Orde Lama cukup baik, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan berkembangnya pendidikan Islam pada tingkat Madrasah Ibtidaiyah & Tsanawiyah dan berdirinya Madrasah Ibtidaiyah & Tsanawiyah. Pendidikan Guru (PGA) dan Madrasah Pendidikan Hakim Islam Negeri (PHIN). Pelaksanaan sistem pendidikan Islam di sekolah umum telah berjalan dengan baik. Kondisi sekolah negeri; Pendidikan Rendah, Pendidikan Guru, Pendidikan Kejuruan & Pendidikan Teknik
Impact of Social Networking Sites on UG Students of Kumaun University, SSJ Campus, Almora: A Study
Authors: Mishra Bibhash Kumar , Kumar Shri Vinod
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to identify the different type of social sites and their impact on UG students of university libraries for dissemination of information to the end users. The paper highlights the role of social networking sites in university libraries with its advantage and disadvantage. “This paper provides a snapshot on the use of social networking among UG students through a holistic review of available literature” (Singh and Mishra 2013)
Environment and Health: A Search for Unhealthy Public Health Condition of District Birbhum in the Colonial Period
Authors: Ghosh Nilotpala
Published: March 2023

This paper is a case study of District Birbhum (West Bengal, India) in the colonial period. The methodology of this paper is based on the sources from colonial period. From 19th century to first half of the 20th century, the district suffered from various epidemic diseases, among them the maximum mortality was caused by cholera and malaria. From the sources of the period it is somewhat clear that the causes of epidemics and mortality had a close connection with the environment of the region.
EMPOWERING ACCOUNTING EDUCATION: A STUDY ON MICROSOFT EXCEL KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS
Authors: Safa Saif Alobaidani  , Maitha Fahad Albattasi  , Mohammed Muneerali Thottoli
Published: March 2023

Purpose- The aim of this research is to know the level of Microsoft (MS) excel knowledge and skills in the broad field of accounting education.       

Design/methodology/approach- The survey questionnaire is designed as a research instrument and distributed to graduate students enrolled in an accounting course from Oman universities. 142 questionnaires were gathered using Google Forms and analyzed using the partial least-squares structural equations modeling (PLS-SEM) technique.

Findings- The findings show that both MS Excel knowledge and skills are most important and developing MS excel skills in accounting education suggest that the Omani accounting education system might do more to give opportunity for students to thrive in their future careers.

Research limitations/implications- The findings provide MS knowledge and skills of accounting graduates in Oman's higher educational institutions (HEIs). In particular, this study sheds light on the skills that accounting students want and how relevant these skills for Omani graduates.

Practical Implications- Some modifications to accounting education are proposed to enhance accounting students' MS skills.

Originality/value- Because there is a lack of specific research on MS excel knowledge and skills in accounting education in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, this study contributes to the body of expertise on MS skills in GCC countries, especially in Oman.
Evaluation of agility and acceleration levels in male and female futsal players
Authors: AKTAŞ Samet
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study is to reveal the direction and level of the relationship between acceleration and agility in university student female and male futsal players who play futsal as amateurs. The subject group of the research consists of 15 male and 15 female university students who play futsal in the amateur league and practice futsal at least 3 days a week. The mean age of the participants was 19.80 ± 1.056 years in men, 20.33 ± 2.49 years in women, mean height in men 175.80±2.45 cm, in women 164.26 ± 4.39 cm, mean body weight in men 67.60 ± 6.05 and 54.20 ± 5.10 kg for women. The T-test was used to determine the agility performances of the subjects, and the acceleration measurements were applied with a photocell placed at 5 m, 10 m, and 20 m intervals. In both parameter measurements, the values were recorded in seconds. Measured values were given as mean and standard deviation and correlation analyses were applied to the relationship between agility and acceleration. In the relationship between agility and acceleration, it was determined that there was a positive relationship between agility and 5 m, 10 m, and 20m acceleration values in males and that there was a strong positive correlation between agility and 10m acceleration (r=0.848; p=0.00). On the other hand, it is seen that there is a negative and insignificant relationship between agility and acceleration parameters in females. While there was a difference in men's agility levels in height grouping, a significant difference was found in 10m and 20m acceleration levels in female futsal players It shows that it has a negative effect on female futsal players, albeit at a low level. Since the planning of speed and acceleration exercises together with agility in training will be effective in increasing the performance of the athlete, it is recommended to include such training in training programs.
Pedagogía maya Mam
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Aguilar Morales Luis Alfredo , Aguilar Morales Celumiel ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
Published: March 2023

In this paper we will present a vision of a pedagogy of a native people of the Mayense family, named as Mam. This pedagogy is emerging, because it arises as a criticism of Western pedagogy, Western pedagogy consists of colonizing original knowledge. It does not open up a dialogue towards the different types of knowledge, but instead supports itself as the center of unique and universal knowledge, characterizing the other that is different, as superstition; The traditional view of the West classifies the pedagogy of the original peoples as non-formal education. We will present the way in which they taught from the social structure in which they lived or according to their eco-psycho-socio-cultural niche. We will mention the oral tradition that permeates the cultural knowledge of its inhabitants and their respective social function, ancestral knowledge still remains under the veil of another language, which in this case is Spanish.
Relato de una experiencia de aprendizaje del español en alumnos hablantes de lengua tseltal
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Terat López María , Mazariegos Velázquez Alondra Belén ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas
Published: March 2023

This article is part of an investigation about the difficulties presented when learning Spanish by students in the Higher Distance Education (EMSAD) 315 in the community of "Iwiltic" Municipality of San Juan Cancuc Chiapas, who speak a Tseltal indigenous language. The teachers who teach classes do not have knowledge of their Tzeltal language, nor do they develop the habit of writing and reading in their own language, so they develop their knowledge of Spanish in formal education. Its purpose is to identify the difficulties presented by students who speak the Tseltal language to learn Spanish, to propose some didactic strategies that favor the acquisition of a second language and thereby contribute to the better academic performance of students in high school.
Leo Strauss y el no tan ilustrado Lessing: un camino hacia Natán el sabio
Authors:   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Castro Vega Diego Enrique
Published: March 2023

Leo Strauss suggests that Lessing was one of the most decisive and influential thinkers in his life. However, we barely have some writings where he is mentioned and only one where Strauss approaches him in the frames of exotericism. The other access to the German poet is through Strauss’s early works on Mendelssohn, and besides that, through unpublished writings kept in his Papers-Archive. The unpublished notes for a lecture on Nathan the Wise appear then as an opportunity to understand, from the tolerant and enlightened drama par excellence, a not so enlightened Lessing, the genuine Lessing whom Strauss alluded. We intend in this paper to trace a path to this lecture through two decisive moments of Lessing’s life (the fragments of Reimarus and the confessed Spinozism) and the reflections that these awakened in Strauss.
El pensamiento científico y su influencia para el olvido del pensamiento metafísico
Authors:   Universidad Iberoamericaca, Torres Arce Juan Ignacio
Published: March 2023

This article aims to support Martin Heidegger's criticism of science and metaphysics that is developing in modern times. Although these criticisms revolve around different topics, what will be studied in this work is how both have the same purpose; the end of reason. The project for science was one of emancipation, of leading the human being to a new place, which was made so that he could be the master and lord; however, the only thing he achieved is massive destruction, at the level of two world wars, for which science became at the service of barbarism and death. In turn, the human being lost the meaning of his life and techno-science played a role of satisfaction for those gaps, Heidegger is aware of this and blames to a great extent that everything happened due to the forgetfulness of being, that not only was present in modern times, but throughout the history of philosophy.
Differences in Perspectives between Islamic and Conventional Insurance: An Argumentative Analysis based on Risk-sharing and Risk-transfer Concept
Authors: Dinç Yusuf , Jahangır Rashed
Published: March 2023

This article presents an argumentative analysis comparing conventional insurance and Takaful, a segment of Islamic insurance system. The objective of the study is to evaluate both systems from justice, economic, risk, moral, and refund policy perspectives. It focuses primarily on Takaful, a risk-sharing insurance that is considered more viable than conventional insurance in terms of demonstrating compliance with the five sample indicators. Despite some limitations, the study argues in favor of Takaful because its limitations are mostly individual, not institutional in nature. There is a significant and higher growth of Takaful than conventional insurance, and it has the potential to become a significant player in the global insurance market. The research adds significant value to the existing literature on Islamic finance and insurance through its evaluation of Takaful and conventional insurance.