bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Screening of Endophytic Fungi from Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaves: Potential Sources of Antimicrobial Compounds
Authors: Nurhaida Nurhaida , Murniana Murniana , Amrina Bella Septie , Rasyid Syarifah AB
Published: July 2023

Endophytic fungi, which reside within plant tissues, offer a unique ecological perspective due to their mutually beneficial relationship with host plants. Soursop (Annona muricata L.) leaves, known for their medicinal properties, contain bioactive compounds that may be produced by endophytic fungi. This study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from soursop leaves and evaluate their potential as antimicrobial compound producers. Twenty endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from soursop leaves using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) supplemented with leaf extract. Out of these isolates, eight demonstrated antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms. Notably, the extract produced by SLE16 exhibited inhibitory effects against Gram-negative bacteria, while isolates SLE7, SLE8, and SLE14 showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Furthermore, isolates SLE18, SLE19, and SLE20 displayed significant inhibition of Trichophyton rubrum growth. The extracellular extracts derived from these endophytic fungi exhibited hydrophilic properties and formed inhibition zones larger than 15 mm, indicating their potential as antimicrobial compounds. These findings highlight the potential of endophytic fungi isolated from soursop leaves as valuable sources of novel antimicrobial compounds
The Effect of Antioxidants of α-Tocopherol on the Characteristic of Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphology Properties of Polypropylene-Montmorillonite (PP-MMT) Nanocomposites
Authors: Julinawati Julinawati , Rahmi Rahmi , MZ. Kartika , Mustafa Irfan , Suryati Suryati
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of α-tocopherol on the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of polypropylene-montmorillonite (PP-MMT) nanocomposites. The preparation of polypropylene-montmorillonite (PP-MMT-AO) nanocomposites was carried out on PP compositions; PP-g-MA; MMT-octadecyl amine; AO is 80;10;10;5 and the PP-MMT nanocomposite composition is PP; PP-g-MA; MMT-Octadecyl amine: 80;10;10. The SEM results showed that polypropylene, MMT, and the antioxidant α-tocopherol could be exfoliated and intercalated to produce compatible nanocomposites. The mechanical and thermal test results showed that the PP-MMT-AO nanocomposite had higher mechanical properties and thermal stability than the PP-MMT nanocomposite. Based on the FTIR test and degradation test on PP-MMT and PP-MMT-AO films which were carried out for up to 15 days and 30 days showed that the PP-MMT-AO nanocomposite against UV light was given, this shows that α-Tocopherol can prevent oxidation reactions polypropylene.
Uncovering the Endogenous Bacteria Involved in the Synthesis of Formaldehyde in Tiger Grouper Fish (Epinephelus fuscoguttaus)
Authors: Sufriadi Elly , Helwati Hira , Nurfahmi Nurfahmi
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to isolate and identify specific bacteria responsible for the conversion of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) into formaldehyde in tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). The gastrointestinal tract of tiger grouper specimens was sampled, and bacterial colonies were isolated using nutrient agar (NA) and screened on TMAO media. Bacterial isolates capable of producing formaldehyde were identified. The implications of these findings extend to food safety, scientific research, medical diagnostics, and industrial applications. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the enzymatic pathways and genetic factors associated with formaldehyde production in these bacteria. Evaluation of the antibacterial compound production capability revealed inhibitory zones against Escherichia coli, indicating the potential for bactericidal properties. Gram staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize the formaldehyde-producing bacteria, revealing their gram-positive nature and rod-shaped morphology. This study provides insights into the role of specific bacteria in formaldehyde production, paving the way for future research and applications in various fields.
Sustentabilidad hídrica e industria porcina
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Pedrozo Acuña Adrian
Published: July 2023

Sabemos que cerca del 92 % de la huella hídrica de la humanidad está relacionada con el sector agrícola, dentro del cual, por lo general, se incluyen las demandas hídricas de las actividades pecuarias que se dan en diversas granjas para la producción de animales. Por ejemplo, está documentado que en España, el sector porcino comprende cerca del 11 % de la actividad económica y representa una parte sustancial de la demanda de agua (MAGRAMA, 2013).
EFL Pre-Service Teachersâ€™ Identity and Position During Teaching Practice
Authors: Maharani Yosieka , Asih Yuni Utami , Suhatmady Bibit
Published: August 2023

Background:

As student teachers shift to preservice teachers during teaching practice, it is necessary to find out how teaching practice could shape their identity and position, especially in the EFL context where English is taught as a foreign language. Based on this purpose, this study seeks information on preservice teacher identity and position during teaching practice by taking discourse analysis lenses.

Methodology:

This study used descriptive research to describe EFL preservice teachersâ€™ identity construction and position. Adopting Fairclough's (2013) theory relationship between language, power and social used as data analysis. An interview transcript was used to investigate the meaning behind the spoken text of two EFL preservice teachers.

Findings:

The finding found they shared similar identity construction across two different contexts where preservice teachers conduct their teaching practice. Starting as a student at university and transferring to school as a teacher made them construct a new identity after several times teaching students and positioned themselves in school by participating in several activities.

Conclusion:

It found that positioning oneself could influence the identity development of preservice teachers. However, the unexpected condition that forced them to teach online made them feel less than a teacher and try to get an identity recognized by the environment by positioning themselves in the school context.

Originality:

In contrast to earlier studies that investigated the anxiety of preservice EFL students, this study focused on describing how EFL preservice teachers' identity construction related to the position assigned to them in the real classroom setting.
Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of Some Synthesized Pyrazole Derivatives Bearing Imidazo[1,2a]pyridine Moiety
Authors: Hamd Amera H. , Al-Lami Naeemah
Published: July 2023

A novel series of pyrazole derivatives containing imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine D1-D8 moiety has been synthesized. The reaction of 2-aminopyridine with 4-phenylphenacyl bromide and 4-bromophenacyl bromide gave the products A and A1, respectively. These products then reacted with DMF and POCl3 to obtain new aldehyde derivatives B and B1. These two aldehydes were condensed with various acetophenone substitutes to yield the corresponding chalcone derivatives C1-C10. Following this, the cycloaddition reaction with hydrazine hydrate provided new pyrazole derivatives D1-D8. The prepared compounds were verified by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Two of these derivatives (C5 and D1) were chosen to investigate their cytotoxic efficacy against breast cancer using the MTT assay.
Analysis of Acetylcholinesterase Gene Expression in Male Mice Exposed to Sublethal Dose of Endosulfan Pesticide
Authors: Abd_Alkazem Diyana M. , Rabee Adel M.
Published: July 2023

The aim of the current study was to investigate endosulfan effects on the Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme and gene in albino mice. Thirty selected male albino mice were randomly divided into 3 groups. The first group was control group (G1), while the other two treated groups were injected intraperitoneally twice per week with two doses of endosulfanG2 (3 mg/kg) and G3 (17 mg/kg) for 21 and 45 days respectively. The results recorded a significant decrease in AChE enzyme in the group treated with 17 mg/kg b.wt. (3986.67 ±170.32 U/L),compared to the control (5584.33 ±140.35 U/L)and treatment group with 3 mg/kg b.wt.(5556.00 ±341.01) U/L for 21 days. Also, there was a significant decrease in the enzyme level between the two treated groups (4688.00 ±221.49 U/L)and (3413.67 ±305.42 U/L) for the duration of 45 days of the dose, compared with the control group (5584.33 ±140.35 U/L), and increased expression of AChE gene in the treated groups.Gene expression fold in all treated groups was higher than in the control group withthe highest recorded value of 14.320at 17 mg/kg for 45 days, compared with the control group.
IR Spectra of Entrance and Exit Channels of Methane Molecule and Oxygen Atom Reaction at MP2 Theory
Authors: Sulaiman Media Ismael
Published: July 2023

IR spectra of entrance and exit channels of methane and radical oxygen reaction are predicted in the ground state energy. Ab initio calculations at perturbation theory (MP2) with Dunning correction- consistent basis set (aug-cc-pVDZ) have been used. The calculations predicted structures, vibrational frequencies and potential energy surface. Three van der Waals minima from three adiabatic potential energy surfaces have been predicted in entrance and exit channels. Vibration frequency of 3209 cm-1 and 3212 cm-1 of C-H stretching in entrance structures are predicted while O-H vibrational frequency is predicted to be at 3673 cm-1 in the other channel. The lowest energy structure in entrance channel has - 0.18 kJ/ mol minimum energy.
Development of Low-Temperature Atmospheric Plasma Jet Sources for Biological Applications
Authors: Kadhim Sura A. , Humud Hammad R.
Published: July 2023

The research aims to develop and build a plasma jet system operating under atmospheric pressure.for biological purposes. The advanced plasma system consists of a power supply and a plasma torch. The source of the development of the system is a previous laboratory system that was developed by changing the voltage and frequency of the power supply, as the power provider equips the system with a voltage in the form of a sine wave whose value is fixed at about (7.5kV) peak to peak and its frequency is about (28 kHz). The plasma torch consists of a teflon tube with of width of (10 m ) located at (10mm)  from the end of the tube. The current waveform and voltage wave were measured using a current and voltage sensor and an oscilloscope. The plasma jet was characterized. Electron temperature and electron density vary with the gas flow rate; the length of the plasma jet depends on the flow rate of argon gas, and the best length of jetting plasma was (1.5 cm) at a flow rate of (2.5 l/min). The gas temperature was measured by an infrared thermometer at a constant flow rate  of (2.5 l/min) which is (18°C) after 15 minutes of irradiation. From these results, it was concluded that the developed plasma is suitable for biological applications.
Verification of Phase Space Inversions Based on The Initial Conditions of the Chaotic Chen System
Authors: Ali Nabaa Mohammed , Jamal Raied K.
Published: July 2023

Theoretically, an eight-term chaos system is presented. The effect of changing the initial conditions values on behavior Chen system was studied. The basic dynamical properties of system are analyzed like time series, attractor, FFT spectrum, and bifurcation. Where the system appears steady state behavior at initial condition xi , yi , zi equal (0, 0, 0) respectively and it convert to quasi-chaotic at xi ,yi ,zi  equal (-0.1, 0.5,-0.6). Finally, the system become hyper chaotic at xi ,yi ,zi equal(-0.5, 0.5,-0.6 ) that can used it in many applications like secure communication.
Environmental Study of Groundwater Quality of Selected Wells in Al-Zubair, Southern Iraq and their Uses
Authors: Al-khafaji Raad , Amir Fatma Abdel , Cheachan Battol
Published: July 2023

Twenty-five groundwater samples from the Al-Zubair area, southern Iraq, were analyzed for physical and chemical variables. The study showed that the groundwater is of acidic type and in it tends towards light alkalinity. Both electrical conductivity and the total dissolved solids showed increased concentrations of sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sulfate, chloride, bicarbonate, and nitrate. The hydrochemical formula for most groundwater wells are (Ca-Cl), (Ca-SO4), (Mg-SO4), and (Na-Cl) type due to the high concentrations of these ions in the water., it was found that this water is not suitable for human drinking. Due to its high salinity compared to the requirements of international standard and Iraqi standard
standards, while it is suitable for drinking animal's construction purposes, it has not exceeded the permissible limits. Also, it has been found that this water is not suitable for industrial and irrigation purposes, where it is possible to grow crops that tolerate high salinity
Detour Polynomial of Theta Graph
Authors: Abdullah Herish O. , Omar Zhian I. , Ali Ahmed M.
Published: July 2023

Let  be any connected graph with vertices set  and edges set .  For any two distinct vertices  and , the detour distance between  and  which is denoted by  is a longest path between  and  in a graph . The detour polynomial of a connected graph  is denoted by ;  and is defined by . In this paper, the detour polynomial of the theta graph and the uniform theta graph will be computed.
On GCYD-Method In e-Abacus Diagram
Authors: Mahmood Ammar S.
Published: July 2023

We will provide a new method in this study that integrates two types of applications, namely Graph Theory and Conjugate Young Diagram, the idea of combining the graph and the Young diagram is presented by Ali And Mahmood, which is primarily based on the idea of the e-abacus diagram, the new method is called GCYD, it directly applies to the English letter section, which will be a two-layer coding. It makes it difficult to detect the word or sentence.
Liouvillian and Darboux First Integrals of the Self-Assembling Micelle System
Authors: Ramadhan Wirya Mohommed , Amin Azad Ibrahen
Published: July 2023

In this paper we prove that the planar self-assembling micelle system
 has no Liouvillian, polynomial and Darboux first integrals. Moreover, we show that the system
has only one irreducible Darboux polynomial  with the cofactor being   if and only if  via  the weight homogeneous polynomials and  only two irreducible exponential factors  and  with  cofactors    and   respectively with be the unique Darbox invariant of system.
Exact and Near Pareto Optimal Solutions for Total Completion Time and Total Late Work Problem
Authors: Ali Faez Hassan , Mitlif Rasha Jalal , Hussein Wadhah Abdulleh
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the bi-criteria machine scheduling problems (BMSP) are solved, where the discussed problem is represented by the sum of completion and the sum of late work times  simultaneously. In order to solve the suggested BMSP, some metaheurisitc methods are suggested which produce good results. The suggested local search methods are simulated annulling and bees algorithm. The results of the new metaheurisitc methods are compared with the complete enumeration method, which is considered an exact method, then compared results of the heuristics with each other to obtain the most efficient method.
A Numerical Study for Solving the Systems of Fuzzy Fredholm Integral Equations of the Second Kind Using the Adomian Decomposition Method
Authors: Al-Hayani Waleed , Younis Mahasin Thabet
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) is successfully applied to find the approximate solutions for the system of fuzzy Fredholm integral equations (SFFIEs) and we also study the convergence of the technique. A consistent way to reduce the size of the computation is given to reach the exact solution. One of the best methods adopted to determine the behavior of the approximate solutions. Finally, the problems that have been addressed confirm the validity of the method  applied in this research using a comparison by combining numerical methods such as the Trapezoidal rule and Simpson rule with ADM.
A Mathematical Modelling of a Plant-Herbivore Community with Additional Effects of Food on the Environment
Authors: Thirthar Ashraf Adnan
Published: July 2023

By taking into account various food components in the ecosystem, the research intends to develop a set of difference equations to simulate a plant-herbivore interaction of Holling Type II. We determine the local stability of the equilibrium points for the scenarios of extinction, semi-extinction (extinction for one species), and coexistence using the Linearized Stability Theorem. For a suitable Lyapunov function, we investigate theoretical findings to determine the global stability of the coexisting equilibrium point. It is clear that the system exhibits both Flip and Neimark-Sacker bifurcation under particular circumstances using the central manifold theorem and the bifurcation theory. Numerical simulations are done by MATLAB which are used to validate our conclusions.
Influence of Magnetic Force for Peristaltic Transport of Non-Newtonian Fluid Through Porous Medium in Asymmetric Channel
Authors: Nassief Amaal Mohi , Abdulhadi Ahmed M.
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we study the effects of a magnetic force on the flow of hybrid bio - nano fluid (Cu - Au. NPs) for a peristaltic channel through a porous medium in an asymmetric channel. Nanoparticles of gold and copper as well as the blood (the base fluid) is taken into account. By using the Adomian decomposition method to solve the governing equations, formulas for velocity, stream function, temperature, current density, and magnetic force have been obtained. The findings show that Gold nanoparticles have an elevation magnetic force compared with copper nanoparticles, based on fluid (blood) and hybrid nanofluid. Finally, the phenomenon of trapping is offered as an explanation for the physical behavior of many parameters. The effect of physical parameters is plotted and analyzed by using the Mathematica software.
Generalization of Gamma and Beta Functions with Certain Properties and Statistical Application
Authors: Rasheed Maryam K. , Majeed Abdulrahman H.
Published: July 2023

This work is devoted to define new generalized gamma and beta functions involving the recently suggested seven-parameter Mittag-Leffler function, followed by a review of all related special cases. In addition, necessary investigations are affirmed for the new generalized beta function, including, Mellin transform, differential formulas, integral representations, and essential summation relations. Furthermore, crucial statistical application has been realized for the new generalized beta function.
Color Image Steganography Using Gradient Selective Bezier Curves
Authors: Mohammed Suhaila Najim
Published: July 2023

Internet technology has revolutionized the landscape of communication technologies in the modern era. However, because the internet is open to the public, communication security cannot be guaranteed. As a result, data concealment approaches have been developed to ensure confidential information sharing. Various methods have emerged to achieve the goal of secure data communication via multimedia documents. This study proposes a method, which is both adaptable and imperceptible, for concealing a secret text in a color image. From an adaptivity perspective, image corners are detected using the Harris corner detection algorithm and utilized as anchor points for picking the optimal hiding regions of interest using Bezier curve interpolation. On the other hand, because human vision is less sensitive to aberrations in edge regions, imperceptibility is guaranteed by utilizing curves that cross through these regions. Experiments indicate that utilizing gradient selective Bezier curves for secret text concealment can keep the imperceptibility even when the payload capacity is increased.
Automatic Diagnosis of Coronavirus Using Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (CGAN)
Authors: Majid Haneen , Ali Khawla Hussein
Published: July 2023

A global pandemic has emerged as a result of the widespread coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Deep learning (DL) techniques are used to diagnose COVID-19 based on many chest X-ray. Due to the scarcity of available X-ray images, the performance of DL for COVID-19 detection is lagging, underdeveloped, and suffering from overfitting. Overfitting happens when a network trains a function with an  incredibly high variance to represent the training data perfectly. Consequently, medical images lack the availability of large labeled datasets, and the annotation of medical images is expensive and time-consuming for experts. As the COVID-19 virus is an infectious disease, these datasets are scarce, and it is difficult to get large datasets due to patient privacy. To address these issues by augmenting the COVID-19 dataset. In this paper, we adjusted conditional generation adversarial networks (CGAN) along with traditional augmentation (TA). The augmented dataset includes 6550 X-ray images that can be used to improve the diagnosis of COVID-19, and we have implemented five models of transfer learning procedures (DTL). The proposed procedures yielded high detection accuracy of 95%, 93%, 92%, and 92% in only ten epochs, for VGG-16, VGG-19, Xception, and Inception, respectively, and a custom convolutional neural network. Experimental results prove that our model achieves a high detection accuracy of up to 96% compared to other models. We hope it can be applied in other fields with rare data sets.
Mapping of Soil Erosion Using Remote Sensing and GIS: Case of The Oued Bouhamdane Watershed (North-East of Algeria)
Authors: Khallef Boubaker
Published: July 2023

The northern region of Algeria is experiencing a real threat to the spatial extension of soil erosion. The Oued Bouhamdane watershed, part of this region, brings together all the natural and anthropogenic conditions that accelerate its degradation. This study is based on the use of remote sensing and GIS to map soil erosion in the Oued Bouhamdane watershed in north-eastern Algeria, using the Gavrilovic equation. The combination of data from different sources and field observation has made it possible to draw up a contextualized map of all the factors of soil erosion. Integrating the model into the GIS made it possible to give a first estimate of the annual volume of eroded soils, i.e., 14.57% of the total area of the Oued Bouhamdane watershed is affected, where soil losses are estimated on average at 941.13m3/Km2/year. This modest cartographic result is a perfect base for environmental monitoring and managing water resources in this watershed.
Prevalence of Non-Dermatophytic Molds in Toenails among Diabetic Patients in Homs, Syria
Authors: Azar Lilian George , Khaddam Walid , Yaseen Sundus
Published: July 2023

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for fungal infections, including onychomycosis. The study aims to determine the prevalence of toenail onychomycosis in diabetic patients and its correlation with associated factors, identify the causative agents and compare the fungal culture findings with the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) findings of diagnosing 6 fungal isolates. A total of 126 diabetic patients were included between November 2020 to June 2021. Nail samples were subjected to potassium hydroxide 20%. Culture was done on Sabouraud dextrose agar medium (SDA), both with and without cycloheximide. Identiﬁcation of non-dermatophytic molds was based on colony characteristics, colony reverse, cello-tape flag method and slide culture technique. Molecular analysis was done to make sure of the identification of 6 fungal isolates. Out of 126 cases, 106 (84.1%) had toenails onychomycosis. Non-dermatophytic molds (NDM) were the most common isolates 75 (70.8%), followed by yeasts 8 (7.5%) and mixed infections 23 (21.7%). Distal lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO) was the most frequent clinical type 90 (85%). Onychomycosis was found to correlate significantly with advancing age, type 2 diabetes, its duration and clinically abnormal nails. However, there was no significant correlation with gender and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C). When the results obtained by RT-PCR were compared with the results obtained by fungal culture, a 100% match of the isolates was found.
INSTRUMEN RATIFIKASI PERJANJIAN PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL: REZIM PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 13/PUU-XVI/2018
Authors: Amalia Prita , Pratama Garry Gumelar , Agung Laksono Wahyu , Ardiwinata Anindya Saraswati
Published: July 2023

The intrusive character inherent in international trade agreements makes the particular form of the treaty unique compared to other treaties. The trade agreements' intrusiveness means the treaty impacts individual rights relatively more than other treaties on its implementation. Confirming such a particular character, the Indonesian Constitutional Court, via its Decision No. 13/PUU-XVI/2018, provides additional criteria for the treaty ratified through an act, in addition to the general forms of treaties. This study comprehensively discusses the consistency of the instrument form and the clarity of the reference regulations related to the procedure for ratifying the international trade agreement in Indonesia after the ruling of the 2018 Constitutional Court Decision. This study uses a normative juridical approach by making a library of data covering principles, laws, and regulations or legal theories relevant to research as the main material. The study shows that Constitutional Court Decision No. 13/PUU-XVI/2018 has allowed the international trade agreement to be ratified consistently using a legislative act replacing the past practice of using a presidential act. Moreover, the provisions on international trade agreements ratification under Indonesian trade law and Indonesian treaty law must be enforced using "lex specialis derogat lex generalis" principle. Although they share the same norms after the Constitutional Court's Decision 13/2018, specific provisions under the trade law prevail over the general provisions of the Indonesian treaty law.
PARADIGMA POLITIK HUKUM PENGUPAHAN INDONESIA: STUDI HAK ATAS UPAH LAYAK BAGI BURUH INFORMAL
Authors: Syahwal Syahwal
Published: July 2023

In developing countries, including Indonesia, majority of workers are informal with low wages. This situation occurs mainly because of the problems with their status as informal workers and how  Indonesian labor law regulates on that matter. On this basis, this research was conducted by investigating labor law policies in the field of wages that do not protect informal workers, i.e., wage policy. There are two issues that are the focus of the study in this research. The first is: what is the paradigm of Indonesian wage policy? Second, what paradigm must be incorporated into wage policy in order to provide informal workers with decent wages? The research was conducted using a non-doctrinal research type supported by statutory and conceptual approaches. The conceptual approach is particularly based on Roscoe Pound’s conceptualization of sociological jurisprudence. The research resulted in the finding that Indonesian wage policy is based on the contractualism paradigm, which is rooted in the idea of neoliberalism and causes informal workers to receive low wages. The study also reveals that there is a need to incorporate a human rights paradigm into Indonesian wage policy so that Indonesian wage policy is able to provide a decent life for informal workers.
KEDARURATAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DAN PEMBATASAN HAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA
Authors: Patiroi Andi Daffa , Ardhanariswari Riris , Wardaya Manunggal Kusuma
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 that spread in early 2020 made countries all over the world declare a state of emergency. In the context of Indonesia, President Joko Widodo declared COVID-19 as a type of disease that causes a public health emergency through Presidential Decree Number 11 of 2020 on March 31, 2020. This study aims to find out the status of public health emergencies from the perspective of Indonesian constitutional law. Furthermore, this research also aims to find out how the state's authority in limiting human rights in public health emergencies is according to human rights law. In its analysis, this research uses a normative juridical method with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results obtained indicate that the status of public health emergency as stated in Presidential Decree Number 11 of 2020 is different from the state of emergency as stated in Article 12 of the 1945 Constitution. As for the limitation of human rights, the state has the authority to limit the human rights of its citizens in the COVID-19 public health emergency.
KELINDAN ANTARA ‘HAK NEGATIF’ DENGAN ‘HAK POSITIF’ DALAM DISKURSUS HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Buana Mirza Satria
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the conceptual dichotomy between ‘negative right’ and ‘positive right’ in the current discourse of human rights. The dichotomy has been embedded due to the historical description of generations of human rights, encompassing the civil and political rights that have liberalism influences, to the economic, social, and cultural rights that have socialist influences, and the last generation of rights being the collective and solidarity rights. This paper analyses the dichotomy from the standpoint of the right to development, with some pivotal approaches, including conceptual, case law, and comparative constitutional law approaches. It concludes that the dichotomy can only be used in a teaching and pedagogical setting of human rights, but the dichotomy cannot sustain the test in theoretical-conceptual and practical analyses.
HAK AKSES ATAS ENERGI BERSIH DAN TERJANGKAU SEBAGAI BENTUK PEMENUHAN HAK ATAS TEMPAT TINGGAL YANG LAYAK
Authors: Kusumawati Erna Dyah , Sasmini Sasmini
Published: July 2023

Access to clean and affordable energy has become a persistent problem faced by countries worldwide. The peak increase in oil prices experienced in a few decades has made it difficult for the low incomes to access clean energy. At present, many people in rural areas still use wood as fuel for cooking. Indoor wood-burning activities might cause air pollution and triggers respiratory problems. Employing a conceptual approach, this article examines the debate on the concept of moral and legal right of the right to clean and affordable energy under international law. Moreover, it analyses the correlation and the importance of such right for the fulfilment of the right to adequate housing and how states adhere to it. The research finds that there is yet any legal instruments directly recognising the right to clean and affordable energy. Nevertheless, there is plenty recognition of the importance of energy as vital element for fulfilling other human rights, such as the right to adequate housing. It is found that states have recognised the utmost influence of energy on achieving economic and social goals. However, current state practices heavily depend on soft law and show their commitment to facilitate and fulfil the moral right to clean and affordable energy. Integrating human rights principles, norms, and standards into legal rights and policies on energy development plan are indeed crucial. Such integration will enable the recognition of energy as an entitlement, which will place energy as a precondition that must be provided as essential services to enable adequate life of inhabitants.
FORMULASI PIDANA PENUTUPAN KORPORASI ATAS DELIK LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Authors: Effendi Shofi Munawwir , Suarda I Gede Widhiana , Nugroho Fiska Maulidian
Published: July 2023

Corporations’ important and strategic role is indispensable to the development of national economy. Even so, economic development should not be used to serve corporation as justification to sacrifice the environment and wellbeing of the society in order to gain maximum profit. Efforts to develop the mechanism of corporate liability for environmental offenses have been continuously done through the Environment Law issued from 1997 to 2009 and regulations in the Job Creation Law. However, the formulation of responsibility for environmental offenses is still relatively weak, coupled with the absence of a provision for when an environmental offense is committed by a corporation, and the inadequate arrangements for executing punishment for corporations. Through statutory and conceptual approaches, this study seeks to formulate criminal formulations that can be applied to corporations for environmental offenses. In this case, the research is focusing on the additional penalty of corporation dissolution which is seen as the ultimate punishment for corporate law subjects. The existence of dissolution as punishment might serve as an answer to other problems within the realms of environmental law enforcement. This study aims to present provisions of criminal penalties against corporations that pollute and/or damage the environment through editorial norms construction.
Perancangan User Interface dan User Experience Aplikasi E-Commerce Kain Batik pada UMKM Rezti’s Batik Menggunakan Pendekatan Design Thinking
Authors: Kurniawan Ganda , Adnan Fahrobby , Putra Januar Adi
Published: July 2023

Rezti’s Batik merupakan UMKM yang bergerak pada produksi dan penjualan kain batik serta sebagai tempat edukasi batik yang berada di Kecamatan Ambulu, Kabupaten Jember yang melakukan secara konvensional dan melakukan penjualan online melalui media sosial instagram dan whatsapp. Namun, penjualan yang dilakukan secara online dirasa masih kurang berjalan secara efektif dan efisien. Sehingga dibutuhkan solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang dialami yaitu aplikasi penjualan kain batik. Dalam merancang aplikasi, diperlukan penerapan User Interface (UI) dan User Experience (UX) yang terstruktur agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan dari pengguna dan memberikan kenyamanan bagi pengguna. Pendekatan design thinking digunakan dalam merancang UI/UX aplikasi penjualan karena mempunyai proses yang berkesinambungan untuk dapat menciptakan solusi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna. Dari perancangan dan solusi yang telah dihasilkan, akan dievaluasi dan validasi menggunakan penilaian dari ketentuan ISO 9241-11 dengan menerapkan pengujian usability System Usability Scale (SUS) dan User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang telah didapatkan, dapat diketahui bahwa aplikasi penjualan kain batik yang dirancang mempunyai tingkat usability yang tinggi dan baik dari masing-masing nilai aspek User Experience (UX) Attribute. AbstractRezti's Batik is an MSME engaged in the production and fabric sale of batik as well as a place for batik education located in Ambulu District, Jember Regency, which conducts conventional sales and sells online through Instagram and WhatsApp social media. However, online sales are currently not effective and efficient. A solution is needed to solve the problems experienced by batik fabric sales applications. When designing applications, it is necessary to implement a structured User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX) to suit the needs of the user and provide comfort for the user. The design thinking approach is used in designing UI/UX sales applications because it has an irrational process to be able to create solutions that suit user needs. The designs and solutions that have been produced, will be evaluated and validated using an assessment of the provisions of ISO 9241-11 by implementing the System Usability Scale (SUS) and User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) usability tests. Based on the test results that have been obtained, it can be seen that the designed batik cloth sales application has a high and good level of usability from each aspect of the User Experience (UX) Attribute value.
Klasifikasi Alzheimer Berdasarkan Data Citra MRI Otak Menggunakan Fcm Dan Anfis
Authors: Almumtazah Nilna , Kiromi Muhammad Sahrul , Ulinnuha Nurissaidah
Published: July 2023

Penyakit Alzheimer adalah kondisi neurologis yang secara bertahap membunuh sel-sel otak dan dapat membahayakan otak secara permanen. Sekitar 50 juta orang di seluruh dunia menderita penyakit Alzheimer atau demensia jenis lain. Jumlah pasien Alzheimer yang banyak mengindikasikan bahwa penting untuk melakukan deteksi dini dengan menggunakan pencitraan MRI otak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya alzheimer dengan melakukan deteksi dini sehingga menurunkan kemungkinan meninggalnya pasien alzheimer. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) adalah metode untuk mengklasifikasikan penyakit Alzheimer. ANFIS menggabungkan ANN dengan FIS sehingga keduanya dapat bekerja sama untuk memberikan hasil yang berarti. Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) 3 cluster pertama-tama akan mensegmentasi data citra MRI untuk menghasilkan citra WM, GM, dan CSF. Citra GM juga akan digunakan untuk metode ekstraksi fitur GLCM. Nilai sensitivitas rata-rata terbaik dicapai pada uji coba k-fold 5 dengan type of membership function trapezoidal, 50 epoch, dan sudut 90°, dengan sensitivitas 90,27%, sesuai dengan hasil uji berganda yang telah dijalankan. Sementara k-fold 10 ditemukan memiliki sudut dan jenis fungsi keanggotaan yang sama pada saat percobaan epoch 150, diperoleh nilai 89,94%. AbstractAlzheimer's disease is a neurological condition that gradually kills brain cells and can harm the brain permanently. About 50 million people worldwide have Alzheimer's disease or another kind of dementia. Given many Alzheimer's patients, it is essential to identify it using brain MRI imaging. This study intends to prevent Alzheimer's instances by performing early detection, lowering the likelihood that Alzheimer's patients would pass away. The Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is a method for classifying Alzheimer's disease. ANFIS combines ANN with FIS such that the two can work together to provide meaningful outcomes. Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) 3 clusters will first segment the MRI image data to produce the WM, GM, and CSF pictures. The GM image will also be used for the GLCM method of feature extraction. The best average sensitivity value was reached during the k-fold 5 trial with the type of membership function trapezoidal, 50 epoch, and 90° angle, with a sensitivity of 90.27%, according to the results of multiple tests that have been run. While k-fold 10 was found to have the same angle and kind of membership function at the time of the epoch 150 trial, a value of 89.94% was attained.
A new period of evolution of the system of crimes against military service
Authors: Danilov Petr Sergeevich , Senokosova Ekaterina Konstantinovna
Published: July 2023

The object of the study is the system of crimes against military service, as determined both in the current criminal law and in domestic criminal laws that have lost their force, as well as the system-forming criterion for its construction in the form of time and the situation of the objective side of crimes against military service. The purpose of the study is to establish that the specified criterion for constructing a system of crimes against military service in certain periods of the development of the national state and law had a direct impact on the structure of the system under study. The relevance of the study is connected with the need to solve the problems of protecting relations that develop in connection with the passage (carrying out) military service. The research is based on a systematic approach, as well as proven general scientific and private scientific methods. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the norms of the criminal law on crimes against military service are studied from the point of view of a systematic approach. The authors continue to consider these norms precisely as a system, that is, a certain model, which is based on the criteria for its construction (system-forming criteria). The study of domestic sources of criminal law and an extensive list of scientific literature made it possible to establish that the criterion of constructing the objective side of the system of crimes against military service in the form of time and situation influenced its structure, but at present it is excluded, which allows us to state the beginning of a new period of its evolution, opening the "doors" for novelties of criminal legislation as in parts of the norms on crimes against military service, as well as other provisions of the criminal law. The study may be of interest both for scientists studying the problems of criminal liability for crimes against military service, and for representatives of the legislative branch of government in the Russian Federation.
E–writing activity using Instant Messaging to ignite EFL students’ critical thinking in writing English argumentation on a conservation issue
Authors: Rohayati Dedeh , Kosasih Fauzy Rahman
Published: August 2023

The 21st-century skill has intrigued all stakeholders in the education context and educational practitioners have a great decision to ignite the implementation of critical thinking in the classroom. This brings the present study to be carried out with the aim of exploring 1) the argument analysis of critical thinking demonstrated by the EFL students in writing argumentative text using Instant Messaging; and 2) students' awareness of the relationship among argumentative text, critical thinking, conservation issue and some challenges in experiencing the activity Instant Messaging. The present study involved five EFL students enrolling in Academic writing in the fifth semester. The qualitative case study theory was utilized so that the primary data was obtained by employing screenshots of students' written argumentation and interview (Instants Messaging Interview). The present study came up with evidence that the quality of students' arguments was not contented. The obvious premises and conclusion are not offered to build a good argument. It is to say that a student's ability to write argumentative text as a tool facilitates students' critical thinking and needs more ignition. Consequently, students' ability in thinking critically also needs improvement. Another result reveals that the inclusion of technical support such as internet access and an E-writing device, namely, instant messaging, helped them a lot in making judgments fast. Searching from Google search in one click made them more aware of several issues in a concise time such as the term critical thinking, strategy in writing a good argumentative text, effects caused by plastic and its recommendation, and offering some alternatives for some challenges.  Thus, students experienced technical support as a great assistance to attach accurate data for their writing of Argumentative text effectively and efficiently.
Development of TOAFL Media Based on Learning Management System For IAIN Metro Students | Pengembangan Media TOAFL Berbasis Learning Management System bagi Mahasiswa di IAIN Metro
Authors: Wulandari Nawang
Published: July 2023

This research aims to develop TOAFL test media at IAIN Metro Language Development Unit. This research is a type of research development or Research and Development (R&D). The development model of this research is the ADDIE model developed by Reiser and Mollenda. The stages of development in this research are analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The subject of this study is the IAIN Metro Language Development Unit. Data collection techniques used in this study were questionnaires, documentation and interviews. The collected data is analyzed using a percentage formula. Based on the validation results of the experts then converted to the table of media eligibility interpretation criteria, it can be explained that the feasibility of maharah istima' questions is 92%, the feasibility of qowaid questions is 89%, the feasibility of Maharah Qira'ah questions is 97% and the feasibility of media developed is 79%. It can be concluded that the development of TOAFL media and test instruments is included in the very feasible category. The weakness of this study is that the media produced requires many stages in this log process, hopefully the next researcher can develop a more efficient and up-to-date test media.
THE HYPOTHESIS OF TANIYAMA IS FALSE. ANDREW WILES COULD NOT SOLVE THE FARM PROBLEM
Authors: Оруджов Н.З. , Оруджов З.С.
Published: August 2023

В статье не анализируется доказательство Эндрю Уайлса. Только доказывается ошибочность гипотезы Таниямы, благодаря тождеству, показанному в статье.

The article does not analyze the proof of Andrew Wiles. Only the erroneousness of Taniyama’s hypotheses is proved, thanks to the identity shown in the article.
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS CLASSES AT A UNIVERSITY OF TRADITIONAL ARTS AND CRAFTS
Authors: SHAMRAY SERGEY , KIVIKHARYU INNA
Published: August 2023

The article discusses the relevance of using innovative technologies in physical education and sports at a university of traditional arts and crafts. The purpose of physical education is the formation of physical culture of students. One of the most important problems is the effective choice of means, methods and technologies of physical education, helping to increase not only the interest of students in physical culture and sports, but also the level of their physical condition. The application of the fitness technology using a set 120 Научное мнение № 4 (2023) of physical exercises of fitball gymnastics in teaching the “Physical Culture and Sport” disciplines (modules) at a university of traditional arts and crafts contributes to solving this problem.
THE IMPERFECTION OF THE APPEAL PROCEDURE AT ALL-RUSSIAN OLYMPIADS FOR SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors: GULOV ARTYOM
Published: August 2023

The article discusses the issues of overcoming conflicts between participants in subject olympiads and expert commissions. The author analyses the reasons for disputes and the procedural features, which lead to insoluble contradictions. The author proposes a set of measures aimed at reforming the activities of experts in intellectual competitions that will improve the quality and transparency of work verification, which will generally have a positive effect on the brand of the olympiad movement.
PERSONAL MATURITY IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE EVENTFULNESS OF LIFE
Authors: ANDRYUSHKOVA NADEZHDA
Published: August 2023

The article deals with the theoretical analysis of the eventfulness of a life path. It seems relevant to study personal maturity from the event perspective, considering significant events and situations, as well as peculiarities of the attitude towards them in the life picture of an individual. The author believes that this material can be used for the purpose of a more detailed analysis of personal maturity and conditions of its actualisation, as well as in the construction of empirical research models.
СOUNTERPROPAGANDA AS A SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL TOOL FOR COUNTERING THE IDEOLOGY OF EXTREMISM AND TERRORISM
Authors: ZABARIN ALEKSEY ALEKSEY
Published: August 2023

The article analyses the socio-psychological contradictions of modern information policy in Russia, affecting the effectiveness of the counterpropaganda of the ideology of political extremism. The author considers the requirements to the external and internal components of the information environment necessary for the formation of anti-extremist consciousness