bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-Calculated Method of Static Pressure for Silo
Authors: Liang Xing Pei , Wang Hui
Published: May 2011

In this paper, the anti-calculated method for the static pressure associated with the silo structure is developed and the strain sensitivity is derived based on the formulations of the finite element method. In the proposed approach, the Taylor expansion technique at the initial guess strain is used to evaluate the hoop strain at adjacent points and the least square method are employed to match the numerical results and the known test results. Finally, the developed algorithm is verified by solving the silo with internal wall.
Numerical Modeling of Welding Temperature in Centrifuge Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Columns
Authors: Cai Hong Sheng , Liang Xing Pei , Geng Jin Feng , Wang Hui
Published: May 2011

The objective of this study is to develop a finite element analysis model that simulates the temperature profile in concrete-filled steel tubular structures during welding procedure in which several metal plates are fixed on the outer surface of steel tube to increase the strength and stiffness of it. In the present model, the thermal property such as thermal conductivity of the steel phase is assumed to be functions of temperature variable. Spatial and temporal distributions of temperature are illustrated under extreme weld heating conditions to investigate the behaviors of the structure at every time step. Simulation results indicate that the maximum value of temperature on the interface of steel and concrete caused by the weld heat source doesn’t damage the mechanical properties of concrete and steel.
Material Properties Parameters Effect on Crack Threshold
Authors: Yi Zhen Hua
Published: May 2011

The research of fatigue crack threshold is an issue in fatigue research. Though there are many research methods, calculation formulae and test data, most of the formulae are evaluated by experiments and have test constants in them, which lead to inconvenient application. Based on displacement fields around crack tip and fatigue theory, A formula that can describe fatigue crack threshold related to material properties is proposed. Each parameters in the formula has definite physical meaning. And it is convenient to use this formula. Using this formula, the material threshold is primarily calculated before design. At last, using existing data to verify, it is shown that the formula is reliable.
Numerical Simulating Method of the Deflection of Cellular Voided Slabs Fixed Supported by Four Edges
Authors: Cheng Yuan Bing , Du Hong Wei , Yang Xiao Yan , Yang Chao
Published: May 2011

Based on the construct detail, structural behavior of cellular voided slab was analyzed. Differential equilibrium equations and formulae of flexural and torsional stiffness of the cellular voided slabs were given. Solution of deflection of cellular voided slabs fixed supported by four edges were presented by numerical simulating method. Analysis and comparison by elastic finite element method on three group ensamples were carried out. The errors in numerical solutions to finite element method analysis results are little; the solution of deflection was applicable to solve cellular voided slabs fixed supported by four edges.
Vibration Analysis of Linear Magnetostrictive Actuator
Authors: Qin Li Ping , Yan Yuan Jun
Published: May 2011

Giant magnetostrictive materials, such as Terfenol-D, have been used to make a principal driving element in actuator, owing to its fine characteristic that is large strain, high energy density, small hysteretic loss and less performance degradation in room temperature. With the discovery and refining of Terfenol-D, the magnetostrictive actuator has gotten great development for recent twenty years. The free vibration and forced vibratin of linear magnetostrictive actuator is analyzed. The initial state of rod is at rest. The computational results show that the displacement response is synchronous with the current.
Numerical Simulation of UHPFRC-NSC Composite Beam with Diana
Authors: Guo Yi Hong , Hou Gang Ling , Guo Nan
Published: May 2011

This paper presents three-dimensional numerical simulation of UHPFRC-NSC composite beam with Diana. An elastic-plastic fracture model is proposed to describe material properties of UHPFRC. Differing from other concrete constitutive model, this one considers strain hardening in tension because of characteristic of UHPFRC. A total strain rotating crack model is used to describe material properties of NSC. The results of relevant push-out tests are used to describe the shear force-slip relationship of shear connection between UHPFRC girder and NSC slab. The numerical investigation focuses on the evaluation of load-deflection behavior, failure mode and shear connection. The agreement of test results and numerical results indicates the reliability of model.
Effect of Chloride Attack on the Strength Properties of Silica Fume Concrete Produced with Hybrid Fibers
Authors: Mudgal Deepak N. , Prakash K.B. , Prabhu Prasad P.
Published: May 2011

Silica Fume Concrete (SFC) produced with hybrid Fibres is a relatively new and advanced material of construction. In a typical SFC with Hybrid Fibers mixture consist of absence of coarse aggregate replaced by fine sand in conventional concrete. The Portland cement plays the role of fine aggregate and the silica fume that of the cement. SFC has no large aggregate and contains small steel Fibers that provides additional strength and in some cases can replace traditional reinforcement. The strength and ductility characteristics of SFC may be improved by using hybrid Fibers. The different combinations of hybrid Fibers like (Steel + galvanized iron) (Steel + polypropylene) (Steel + Waste coiled steel Fibers) (Steel + HDPEF) can improve the characteristics properties of SFC. In this paper, the experimental investigation has been made to study effect of chloride attack on the strength properties of SFC using Hybrid Fibers like Compressive Strength, Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength and Impact Strength. Results are compared with strength properties of SFC without Fibers and SFC with Mono Fibers.
A Commercial Bank’s Underground Vault Double-Shear Wall Template Installation Technology
Authors: Guo Bing , Bai Xiang Yu , Zhang Yan Qing
Published: May 2011

This article particular introduce the double-shear wall template installation construction technology, construction points, construction quality control, safety precautions and the mode of material saving, which is a commercial bank’s integration business building underground vault with a special requirement. Making the construction step, the construction point and inspecting, in accordance with the construction method, construction point, construction procedure, methods of the materials processing, quality criterion, safety measures, materials saving measures, is not only to meet the usage function of the design requirements and requirement of the project quality, but also to save material,achieve the purpose of cost reduction.
Influence of Vibration on Interface Friction of Pile-Soil System
Authors: Li Xiao Peng , Li Tao , Duan Ze Liang , Wen Bang Chun
Published: May 2011

Based on the model of effective friction coefficient, the change tendency of effective friction coefficient under different harmonic forces and the method of improving its decrease rate have been studied. The model of vibratory piling machine has been taken as a research object for friction reduction, and the stress of soil particles and the situation of friction resistance on pile surface have been analyzed while sinking the pile. The effect on interface friction of pile-soil system under vibration, caused by the depth of pile sinking, pile structure parameters and vibration acceleration, has also been studied, so that an effective method of decreasing interface friction can be found. Thus, the sinking efficiency would be improved by being analyzed, evaluated and parameter optimized.
Research on Thermodynamical Performance of Concrete with Excessive Fly Ash Added in the Pile Cap of Well Tower
Authors: Zong Xiang , Wang Xiang
Published: May 2011

To meet the demand of high performance of mass concrete in a pile cap of well tower, excessive replacement of fly ash was applied to the mass concrete. Based on the theory of hydration heat of cement, several thermal parameters of mix proportion were analyzed and simulated test analyses and setting time test analyses were conducted in the laboratory. The results and data collected in the project locale both show that applying excessive replacement of fly ash reduces hydration heat of mass concrete in the pile cap of well tower, which extends setting time in mass concrete and avoids the cracks caused by temperature stress. The results achieve favorable effect and provide reference for design and construction of mix proportion in the project of mass concrete.
Computer Method for Tower Crane Foundation Design
Authors: Zhang Hou Xian , Jin Jian , Qian Jia Dong , Li Sen , Jiang Yu
Published: May 2011

The reinforcement in both directions of a square tower crane foundation is obtained by ANSYS three-dimensional analysis and VB reinforcement program and VB optimization program to meet the requirements such as foundation bearing capacity, bending, overturning and punching under the general combination of various loads.
Application and Research of Folded Plate Type Steel Arch in the Design of Coliseum
Authors: Zhou Wei Xing , Sun Wen Bo
Published: May 2011

To fully integrate the unique architectural style of the coliseum in Huai’an Sports Center, spatial truss-arch is used as the major structure and the truss-arches are connected by horizontal truss to form a composite structure with truss-arch and folded plate. In this paper the design concept and structure system is described firstly. And then, the main calculating results of its linear static, spectral response and overall stability are shown in detail.
Change Characteristics Analysis of the Aged Pavement Asphalt Components
Authors: Liu Yan Yan , Huang Zhong Wen , Li Jian Jun
Published: May 2011

This paper proposes a research work that characteristically analyzes the component differences between new and aged pavement asphalts. Both the new and aged pavement asphalts are sampled from the same type and separated into four components: saturate, aromatic, resin and asphaltine. Based on the comparative analysis regarding the masses, functional groups and structural features of each component, it is found that the aged asphalt has less saturate and aromatic but more asphaltine, lower mass ratio of resin to asphaltine, and decreased compatibility of asphatine with saturate and aromatic. Also, although there is little change in the infrared spectra of saturate and aromatic, the infrared spectra of asphaltine are different, with those oxides that contain C, N and S being significantly increased in the aged asphalt.
Prediction of Concrete Strength Using Fuzzy Neural Networks
Authors: Xu Jing , Wang Xiu Li
Published: May 2011

The purpose of this paper is to develop the Ⅰ-PreConS (Intelligent PREdiction system of CONcrete Strength) that predicts the compressive strength of concrete to improve the accuracy of concrete undamaged inspection. For this purpose, the system is developed with adaptive neuro－fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) that can learn cube test results as training patterns. ANFIS does not need a specific equation form differ from traditional prediction models. Instead of that, it needs enough input-output data. Also, it can continuously re-train the new data, so that it can conveniently adapt to new data. In the study, adaptive neuro－fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) based on Takagi-Sugeno rules is built up to prediction concrete strength. According to the expert experience, the relationship between the rebound value and concrete strength tends to power function. So the common logarithms of rebound value and strength value are used as the inputs and outputs of the ANFIS. System parameter sets are iteratively adjusted according to input and output data samples by a hybrid-learning algorithm. In the system, in order to improve of the ANFIS, condition parameter sets can be determined by the back propagation gradient descent method and conclusion parameter sets can be determined by the least squares method. As a result, the concrete strength can be inferred by the fuzzy inference. The method takes full advantage of the characteristics of the abilities of Fuzzy Neural Networks (FNN) including automatic learning, generation and fuzzy logic inference. The experiment shows that the average relative error of the predicted results is 10.316% and relative standard error is 12.895% over all the 508 samples, which are satisfied with the requirements of practical engineering. The ANFIS-based model is very efficient for prediction the compressive strength of in-service concrete.
Modeling Method of Analysis of Complicated Bridge Structures Based on Design Drawings
Authors: He Xiong Jun , Anh Nguyen Phan , Liu Jiu Si , Xiang Jing Ju , Luo Xiao Yang
Published: May 2011

For lack of flexible description and the increasing complexity of data input, traditional modeling methods can not meet the demand of fast modeling for complicated bridge structures. Traditional methods are classified into the data based modeling and the graphic based modeling, and their disadvantages are discussed. On this condition, a new modeling method based on design drawings of AutoCAD is presented in this paper, which could fulfill the requirement of fast modeling and reflect the mechanic properties and internal relation of the structures. Especially, it can draw data from the AutoCAD lines automatically for analysis. The efficiency and reliability of the method has been proved by our software system WXQ developed for curved-skew bridges through a practical project.
Study on Virtual Building Electricity Laboratory
Authors: Wang You Xi
Published: May 2011

Constructing a building electricity laboratory needs much fund because relevant equipment is developing fast. The virtual building electricity laboratory based on virtual reality technology and network technology seems to be a possible way to instruct students in electricity experiments when most colleges can not afford to expensive and constant-upgrade equipment. It studies the possibility of virtual building electricity laboratory in technology, constructs basic structure of virtual laboratory operational system, and researches electricity experiment system module functions.
Experimental Investigation on the New-Type Outer-Plated Steel-Concrete Continuous Composite Beams
Authors: Chen Li Hua , Li Ai Qun , Lou Yu
Published: May 2011

Static load tests are conducted for two outer-plated steel-concrete continuous composite beams. Performance of the tested beams, including the load-deflection curve，load-strain curve，load-moment curve, plastic-hinge region and the crack of concrete flange of specimens, is analyzed. The test results indicate that effective cooperation can be achieved by the shear connector between the concrete part and the outer-plated steel beam; the composite beams have good overall performance. The concrete filling inside the U-shaped steel beam enhances the global and local stability of the outer-plated steel beam. At the bearing capacity limit state, the plastic strain on sections of both the negative and positive maximum moment develops fully so that ideal plastic hinges are formed relatively. At the serviceability limit state, the deformation and the crack width of continuous composite beams can be controlled effectively.
Application Analysis of Form-Finding on the Large Building Construction Tower Crane Flexible Attachments
Authors: Zhang Xiao Xia , Yang Xiao Feng , Hu Lian Hua , Li Dong Lai , Zhang Jin Cheng
Published: May 2011

A modeling method of tower crane flexible attachments based on ANSYS is researched for more practical crane. Form-finding is used to model and analyze flexible attachments and the analytic equations for typical example are derived. Comparing the analytic solutions with ANSYS solutions, the biggest relative error is 0.45% which is the foot moment relative error while cantilever beam top transverse force is 5×105N. The results show that the form-finding method accords with engineering practice, and is reliable and suitable for structural analysis of flexible attachment tower crane.
The Assembled Structure Analysis of Energy Conservation and Material Saving Unit Sheet Aluminum Curtain Wall
Authors: Han Ze Guang , Song Xin Fang , Hao Rui Qin
Published: May 2011

The joint between all plains in unit sheet aluminum curtain wall which is hanged on main body architecture is plugboard combination. The change of ambient temperature and wind load generates the change of expansion joints, which are the performance index of curtain wall required gas and water tightness, among curtain walls and suspension members. Thus obtained value of expansion joint among curtain walls is very important to guide the curtain wall’s installation. Here, an assemble structure model of curtain wall has firstly been established, the changing law of expansion joints among curtain walls has also been obtained under all kinds of work conditions based on previous model and the ANSYS software’s application. Some better suggestions have been also provided associating the construction technical specification. It can provide future protection for revised this technical specification, and accelerate the scientific normalization of the design in construction curtain wall.
The Study of BP Neural Network in Predicting Concrete Strength
Authors: Ming Zhao
Published: May 2011

Concrete is a mainly and commonly good combined construction material, and is consisted of many well-defined components, so mechanical properties of concrete are very complex. the compressive strength of the concrete is a main criterion in producing concrete, but the test on it is complicated because test components of concrete must be kept in the special condition an tested after 28 days. To simplify the procedures and obtain a reasonable data, the paper presents a method using the system of BP neural network predicting the strength of concrete. the system is trained and tested by using many data of strength of concrete in the past ,the test result shows that the value of the strength of concrete predicted is approximate to the experimental value, and the method presented is very efficient and reasonable in predicting the compressive strength of concrete .
Simulation of Hydrostatic Drive System of Crawler Bulldozer
Authors: Xing Pu , Luo Shi Lin , Liu Cun Bo , Tian Cong Feng
Published: May 2011

According to the hydraulic driven system working principle of crawler bulldozer, the simulation model of electro-hydraulic proportional control driven system was established by using AMESim, and the simulation was carried out. The simulation result indicates that using feedback regulation in control of hydraulic motor of driven system, the system pressure stay in a relatively stable state, which is conducive to the efficient operation system. As the load increasing suddenly, the system pressure volatile during the volume of hydraulic motor changing. However, steady state can be quickly restored.
Research and Development of Post-Process Software System Based on 3D Solid Model for New Type Residence Structure
Authors: Chang Zhi Guo
Published: May 2011

In the paper, some difficulties and their solutions, about drawings, detailed drawings and CNC data output based on three-dimensional solid model for various forms of rural residence structures, are discussed. The complex spatial relationships and construction details can be shown directly, accurately and completely in drawings software system based on 3D solid model. Therefore, drawings and detailed drawings can be drawn and labeled automatically by projecting and hiding with the extracted geometric information of particular entities. Further more, in the software system, Manufacture information of components and parts in the 3D Solid model can be extracted and CNC data can be outputted with according to the required format, such as: the binary data, Excel tables, and so on.
Numerical Simulation of Earth-Contact Heat Transfer
Authors: Shao Kang Jie , Rees Stephen , Cleall Peter
Published: May 2011

A two-dimensional simulation of earth-contact heat transfer by applying the finite element method is presented. Relevant thermal properties for each material type are determined and employed in the numerical model. Initial conditions and boundary conditions are carefully defined to improve the accuracy of this numerical investigation. The results demonstrate rational connection between the measured data set and simulated result. This research provides a useful contribution and reference to the earth-contact simulation.
Improvement Method about Design Norms’ Implementation Based on AutoCAD 2007
Authors: Li Dan
Published: May 2011

The secondary development under the environment of above the version of AutoCAD 2005 is that the design norms of highway project as the custom menu are added into help document library of AutoCAD. Then project planner can quickly find what they need through searching the corresponding electronic norms, which can increase productivity. In this paper, AutoCAD2007 is implemented as an example to introduce the idea of developing help document, the detail scheme and software instructions.
Activity Recognition via Feature Decomposition
Authors: Wei Qing , Zhang Hao , Liu Zhi Jing
Published: May 2011

This paper presents a new recognition method for human motion, which is represented by Haar wavelet transform and recognized by Coupled Hidden Markov Model. We tackle the challenge of detecting the feature points by Haar wavelet transform to improve the accuracy. We extract binary silhouette after creating the background model. Then the low-level features are detected by Haar wavelet and principal vectors in two subspaces are obtained. We utilize Coupled Hidden Markov Models to model and recognize them, and demonstrate their usability. Compared with others, our approach is simple and effective in feature detection, strength in robustness. Therefore, the video surveillance based on our method is practicable in (but not limited to) many scenarios where the background is known.
On the Negative Impact of Defects Liability Period
Authors: Gu Yong Cai , Zhang Wen Di
Published: May 2011

The "Interim Measures for Construction Quality Margin" gave the provisions on the terms of defect liability period. These provisions have serious negative effects on the construction contract management. This negative effect is manifested in two aspects: firstly, it is difficult for people to distinguish defects liability period, defects notification period in FIDIC contract, and the warranty period in the law. Second is to cause a heavier burden on the contractors. This paper analyzes both the negative impacts and causes.
Internal Incentive Mechanism of Public Agent-Construction Enterprises Based on Common Agency Model
Authors: Wu Zhong Bing , Yao Bing , Liu Yi Sheng , Wang Hong Di
Published: May 2011

Common agency is the main feature of public sector’s internal incentive mechanism. As the public sector, endogenous features of PACE will lead to defects of internal incentive system. Regarding the public agent-construction enterprise as an agent of two principals which are client and government, a common agent model is constructed and analyzed in-depthly. The findings of this paper clarify two aspects of theoretical basis for the regulatory policy: 1) the optimal conditions of an incentive contract; 2) the substitution relationship of the tasks of two principals causes distortion to the incentive mechanism and leads to incentive efficiency loss.
Applied Research on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of BOT Projects in the Transfer Phase
Authors: Wang Xuan , Wang Yi Xin , Yang Zeng Ke
Published: May 2011

To ensure good operations of BOT project and to prevent the project company's "malicious operation" (overload production, not timely maintenance and repair, management of confusion, etc.), in the transfer phase a set of scientific methods and procedures for the identification must be established. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is a kind of evaluation method based on fuzzy mathematics, which makes the quantitative description of the vague concept, then the overall evaluation can be quantified, thus reducing the subjectivity and one-sidedness. In this paper, by the analysis and research on application of multi-layer fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in the transfer phase of the BOT project, a set of work procedure and system of evaluation will be established, which provides ideas and methods for the practical application in the transfer phase .
Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Composite Reinforced Concrete Block Masnory
Authors: Zhu Ying Jie , Li Lan , Yang Wen Hui
Published: May 2011

Seismic performance under low cyclic experimental study on the six of constructional column- core column composite reinforcement concrete block masnory wall is preasented in this paper, considering the height-width ratio, window hole and without window hole, the setting of the horizontal reinforcing steel bar in the walls. Failure process and failure pattern, hysteresis characteristics, bearing capacity, ductility, skeleton curves, the viscous damping coefficient, stiffness and steel strain change the properties are analyzed, respectivily. Test results shown that this kind of composite reinforced concrete block masnory system has better seismic performance.
Study of Subway Construction Risk Assessment Based on the Triangular Fuzzy Numbers
Authors: Liu Ge , Li Feng
Published: May 2011

According to the characteristics of subway construction in Tianjin, a risk assessment indicator system has been established in subway construction. On the basis of traditional AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), the introduction of the concept of triangular fuzzy numbers evaluates the weight of risk factors in a more accurate and objective way. Adopting a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation mathematical model, by constructing membership matrix, the metro construction is not difficult to quantify the risk factors with the scientific evaluation methods. It can be proved that fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method used in subway construction process is a scientific, effective evaluation method.
An Application of the FAHP to High-Rise Building Fire Risk Indexes Analyzing
Authors: Ma Chun Jie , Cao Gong Li
Published: May 2011

At present, there are a lot of means analyzing high-rise building fire risk index, but few of these combine the multi-criteria decision and the fuzzy evaluation. The Analytical hierarchical process (AHP) doesn’t consider the fuzziness of people's judgment, and the consistency test is very difficult. This paper will combine related principles of fuzzy mathematics with the AHP, by establishing fuzzy consistent judgment matrix to make high-rise building risk factors’ weight sequencing more accuracy and rational. The paper will also put forward its own views and suggestions in order to attract the attention of the concerned departments, so that the incidence of high-rise building fires can be reduced.
Research on Construction Risk Management System for Beijing Subway Suzhou Street Station
Authors: Zhang Ai Jun , Bai Ming Zhou , Xu Zhao Yi
Published: May 2011

With Beijing subway Suzhou street station project, the composition of safety system for construction phase was studied. The safety responsibility of administrative department, technical branch, and operational department and construction personnel was clarified. The division and cooperative relationship were also analyzed. Meanwhile the construction techniques for shallow burial and dim excavation to improve safety performance for the whole project as well as surrounding environment under complicated city environment were discussed.
Research on Shear Resistance of Cold-Formed Steel Stud Composite Walls
Authors: Shi Yan Li , Jin Yao , Zhang Peng Peng , Wang Wen Da
Published: May 2011

It is important to determine the shear resistance of the cold-formed steel stud composite wall which is a main component of the light-weight steel housing. A finite element model (FEM) was introduced in this paper to simulate the shear resistance of this type of composite walls. The material and geometric nonlinear were considered, and the single side gypsum walls and columns are simulated by shell elements, respectively while the screws and frame are modeled by coupling method. The results obtained from FEM were verified against the others’ experimental results. Parametric study is carried out with materials of wall panel, strength of steel members, stud spacing, wall height, and screw spacing to analyze the shear-carrying capacity of the walls. A simplified formula for shear resistance of the composite wall was proposed based on parametric analysis.
Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy in Project Risk Management - New Stadium Construction Project in Weifang City
Authors: Zhang Yan , Liu Chang Jiang
Published: May 2011

In the field of engineering and construction, unqualified construction quality, time delays, cost more than expected phenomena to occur. Because of these characteristics such as its large-scale construction projects, long cycle, the production of single and complex, there is greater risk than the production of general products, the risk increases the difficulty of construction project management, operating costs and the possibility of potential losses, therefore, risk management emerged and become an increasingly important integral part of project management. In this paper, fuzzy analytic hierarchy be used to construction project risk assessment, and to order the sort of each risk in order to prevent significant risks. On an actual project - the new stadium construction in Weifang City risk management case study, the reduction of risk of project failure is expected, but also the project is hoped for other industries to provide some reference for risk management.
The Application of Fuzzy Logic Inference in Construction Vibration Risk Prediction
Authors: Zhang Zhun , Yuan Yong Bo
Published: May 2011

Construction induced vibration may cause damage of buildings, disturbance of occupants, and sensitive equipments in buildings surrounding a construction site. The prediction of the construction vibration risk is essential for making decisions before the determination of construction method. Previous methods focus on the prediction based on quantitative analysis. The framework of a new method using fuzzy logic to predict the construction vibration risk is proposed in this paper. This method integrates the knowledge and experience from experts and simulates the inference process of human brain using Mamdani fuzzy inference principle. It is a convenient and economical method when used to provide support for project manager making decisions in primary phase of project.
Life Cycle Cost Analysis and the Decision of Concrete Durability Technology in the Coastal Regions: Evidence from China
Authors: Xing Feng , Mi Xu Ming
Published: May 2011

This paper carries on the analysis from the perspective of the life cycle cost of coastal concrete structures’ durability. On the first place, this paper defines the scope and stages of life cycle of concrete durability. Second, the paper studies the influence factors of life cycle cost, and constructs an analysis model. Finally, it constructs and analyzes five solutions of concrete durability of the Shenzhen expressway project. The analysis results reveal that the life cycle cost about coastal concrete is a complex and dynamic system, which may influenced by many factors. The change of each factor will inevitably affect the selection of technology. At the same time, compared with the United States, maintenance-related labor costs and the price of concrete is much lower in China, so the results from the analysis, it seems that the advanced technologies related to the durability are not the more economic solution currently. However, if the changes about these factors are considered, the analysis results are different.
A New Grade Method on Project Bid Evaluation
Authors: Liu Hao , Qu Shu Ying , Cui Shu Mei , Zhang Fang Wei
Published: May 2011

In bid evaluation, the regular grade method on the grade items is that the grade message is composed of average value after throwing away the highest and lowest value, which essence is considered that the expert’s weight is zeroed. It is pointed the processing is too simple and unable to deal with all kinds of problems effectively in the match. Basing on numerical statistics, referencing multiple attributes and comprehensive decision theory, a grade method is put forward to empower expert weight. The method according to the results consistence of the expert grade determines the grade weight, then correcting their grade weight to each specific bid, fully using all grade message coming from the bid evaluation team. Its computation is simple and easy to computer processing. So it has larger practical value. Last, the new method is used in bid evaluation on excavation support project located in Wenchang Garden, Yantai Development Zone. It shows the practical value of this method.
Review of Study on Risk Management for the Construction Project
Authors: Zhang Hai Yan , Yang Gui Bao
Published: May 2011

This paper expounds the developing stage of the theory on risk management for the construction project at home and abroad, and proposed future research direction. Constuct the product has compared with other products large-scale, long period, production of single characteristicses, such as piece and complexity...etc., in the process of carrying out in exist many factors of indeterminations, therefore have larger risk than the general product production. However, the construction engineering risk management level of our country still pretty much fall behind, is the weak link that the our country constucts realm, haven't formed effective construction engineering risk management system, make construction engineering dispute have occurrence and continuously get stripe. Therefore, establishment effective of the risk management system seem to be is importance.
Investigation on Intermediate Crack Induced Debonding Failure of FRP Laminates in Flexurally FRP-Strengthened RC Beams
Authors: Li Gui Bing , Guo Yu Gang , Sun Xiao Yan
Published: May 2011

Debonding failure is commonly observed in FRP-strengthened RC beams. It can be classified into two types: plate end debonding and intermediate crack induced debonding. Intermediate crack induced debonding is the main failure mode in FRP-strengthened RC beams.There is no specialized experiment study on this failure mode. To investigate intermediate crack induced debonding failure of FRP-strengthened reinforced concrete beams, 9 CFRP-strengthened reinforced concrete beams were tested. Based on the investigation of the strain in the FRP laminates, the width of the main crack and tributary crack, as well as the phenomena of the test beams, the whole debonding process can be separated into three stages: initial debonding stage, stable debonding stage, and the final debonding failure. The fundamental reason of intermediate crack indued debonding are the opening-up of intermediate crack and the flexural deformation induced high interfacial shear stress and peeling stress. When the principal tension stress acting on the concrete substrate exceeded the tension stress of concrete, the CFRP laminate would debond from the concrete substrate.
Application of Entropy-Based Relational Analysis in Optimization of Construction Plan
Authors: Zhu Hong Zhang , Hu Ji Bo
Published: May 2011

Based on the factor analysis of construction plan and optimization of construction schemes to address multi-objective decision problems, this paper proposed using the principle of information entropy method to determine the weight, taking into account the influence of indicators weight to the results of the evaluation, and then selecting the best program. This scheme has certain reference value for the construction contractor to choose the appropriate construction plan.
An Empirical Analysis of the Function of STP to the Economic Growth in Construction Industry Based on TFP Theory - A Case Study of Anhui Province
Authors: Liu Li Ping
Published: May 2011

In this paper the contribution of scientific and technological progress (STP) in economic growth in Anhui province’s construction industry from year 1999 to year 2009 was analyzed by total factor productivity (TFP) method, and the role of TFP in the transformation of economic growth pattern in Anhui province’s construction industry and in corporations’ efforts to enhance industrial competitiveness was analyzed. It found that the key influencing factors in Anhui province’s construction industry’s economic development were capital input and labor input which its growth was driven by resource elements aggregation and its TFP played a poor role. To enhance TFP will be the only way to constructing industry’s sustainable development and to effectively increasing construction industry companies’ core industrial competitiveness.
How to Lead Green Construction’s Sustainable Development by Low Carbon Ideology
Authors: Fan Xiao Li
Published: May 2011

From energy conservation to green building to low carbon building, the construction industry’s sustainable development research has been undergoing and exploring continuously. The future sustainable buildings will focus more on reducing carbon emission, energy conservation, green and environmental protection. This article will analyze several paths to realize low carbon architectures from different aspects like green building materials, energy conservation, overall design, and green construction and evaluation systems.
The Low Carbon and Ecological Character Research of Traditional Dwellings in Southeast of Shanxi
Authors: Shi Qian Fei , Zhao Xiao Rui
Published: May 2011

The natural environment and traditional thoughts have very big effect on the low carbon ecological of technology of traditional dwellings in Southeast of Shanxi, while the traditional local-style dwelling houses built environment naturalness and specific circumstances residential construction energy strategy that both make the traditional dwellings adapted well to the local ecological environment, make the person, architecture, environment got harmonious unification.
The National Local Buildings towards "4R" - The Development of the Traditional Building System in Baotou Inner Mongolia
Authors: Xue Yun
Published: May 2011

Baotou Inner Mongolia, the development of traditional building systems with the basic principle for regeneration, reuse, recycle and reduction, playing local advantages and adjusting measures to local conditions. In building structure and construction, organization of space design aspects and modern green building principle, green building techniques combined, to minimize greenhouse gas emissions, to provide people with the building mode of a reasonable used space, to root in local culture and embark on a green building road.
Analysis of the Characteristics of Modern German-Style Architecture in Fangzi, a Modern Town along the Jiaoji Railway
Authors: Zhu Xiao Lin , Liu Chang Jiang , Liu Juan
Published: May 2011

Fangzi, a century town, born because of the jiaoji railway, shows modern buildings and the unique historical and cultural landscape as a industrial town along the jiaoji railway. It preserved basic integrity of the modern German-style architecture. This paper based on the site visiting at modern German-style architectures in Fangzi, review the historical background of the Fangzi region, in order to tease out the main features of modern German-style architecture in Fangzi.
Chinese Transition to a Consumer Society and its Reflection on the Urban Landscape
Authors: Xiao Ming
Published: May 2011

China’s newly constructed shopping malls in the urban areas have greatly changed citizens’ shopping and living habits, altering the fabric of the urban space, and modifying the social scene. The citizen’s initial reaction to this development is hot pursuit that eventually gives way to boredom. This paper discusses the relationship between the shopping mall and the urban environment, from the point of view of public space. It shows public space ruled and controlled in the shopping mall. It shows that urban shopping malls do not respond to the citizens expectations and demands for public space, and that the citizens’ need for social public space is irreplaceable. Ultimately, this paper points out that to the need for further research in the area of public space, it must to fulfill the needs of city dwellers.
Sustainable Dwelling Space of Small Units
Authors: Zhang Xi Chen , Hao Jing Xin
Published: May 2011

People are talking about “sustainability” these days. With the development of the economy in China, great changes have taken place in the dwelling modes and small units have gradually become an important component of city life. Obviously, dwelling space with different users has significant differences. Through analysis based on small dwelling units of different users, we can find that: if we take the possibility of development and change into account at the beginning of the planning or design, the dwelling space will be adapt to social development and changes in family structure. We can achieve the goal of "sustainable" development besides the technological approaches. [1]
Build Innovation Platform, Lead Creative Thinking - Analysis of the First Prize Model in the 3rd Structural Design Contest of Shandong Universities
Authors: Zhang Jia , He Shu Bin , Wang Guo Liang , Qu Shu Ying
Published: May 2011

This paper analyzes the deformation and strength under horizontal dynamic load of the model which acquired the first prize on the 3rd Structural Design Contest of Shandong Universities. The bearing capacity and stability of the model are verified by loading experiment. This contest provides a platform for college students to broaden their view and practice their innovation ideas. This contest make students’ creative thinking get a full training and display.
Architecture Inspiration from the Microstructure and Bending Behavior of Nacre of Molluscan Shell
Authors: An Yuan Lin , Liu Zhi Ming , Wang Gan , Wu Wen Jian
Published: May 2011

Nacre of molluscan shells is famous for its “brick and mortar” microstructure and possesses excellent mechanical properties. Three-point bending strengths of nacre parallel and vertical to the surfaces of platelets are tested and the different fracture surfaces were characterized. The result shows that the values of three-point bending strength in the two directions are approximately the same. Base on the microstructure of and toughening mechanism of nacre, the inspiration for architecture was put forward as follows: to redesign the building materials, toughen the architecture in several ways, and enhance the properties of architecture in all directions. The aim of the paper is to call out learning from nacre to create novel architecture and building materials.
Qilou Building Climate Adaptation in Tropical Climate Zone of China: A Study on Haikou Qilou Buildings
Authors: Chen Jing , Liu Jia Ping , Wang Li Juan , Wang Ying Ying , Wang Fang
Published: May 2011

Qilou buildings as a type of modern buildings in southeast China play an important role in the local social life. In this paper, we selected the representative Haikou Qilou building as an example. Through long-term observation and testing under typical climate conditions, we introduced the Qilou building strategies that respond to the natural environment. By comparing these strategies, we can find whether these strategies meet indoor thermal comfort. Through the study, we found that Haikou Qilou buildings can effectively solve the outdoor sheltering problem, but the long depth of Qilou building makes it difficult to effectively distribute indoor heat by using pressure ventilation. As a result, the actual indoor temperature is higher than indoor comfort temperature by 1-2 °C. Finally, according to the results of the study, some advices are offered to improve Qilou buildings.
Out of Form Town the Globalize Background Chinese Architect the Thinking Creation
Authors: Ye Jian Gong , Lin Ying , Yi Hong
Published: May 2011

In this paper, globalization, cultural heritage and blend of Chinese and foreign construction background, from a historical perspective, with some construction examples at home and abroad, to guide domestic architects Creation and values the aesthetic orientation of a dialectic objective analysis, on the basis Form of the city to find out the road to today's architectural creation as a reference.
China Lingnan Tourism Hotel Architectural Spatial Design Combined With Environment
Authors: Xu Hui Ning , Li Yun , Mo Qing Bing
Published: May 2011

The temperature in Lingnan area is relatively high all the year as well as the sufficient rainfall, which develops a good ecological environment of evergreen and flourish. This character is centered by the tourism hotel architectural spatial design, on the aspects of graphic layout, spatial organization, spatial order designs; it emphasizes the combination with environment, in order to achieve the maximum utilization of the environmental resources to integrate the man-made environment with the nature environment for the hotel. By analysis on the excellent design cases in this area, from the two aspects of general graphic layouts as well as forms for branch layout, determinant layout and surrounding layout, spatial order design of public space to discuss combination with environment for the tourism hotel architectural spatial design in China Lingnan area.
On the Space Analysis of Shopping Mall
Authors: Zheng Yun Yang
Published: May 2011

Shopping mall plays an important role in a city’s public space. It is the major site for the economic information exchanging, a vivid reflection of a city’s economic status, and to a large extent, it is a miniature of the city. This paper analyzes the function division, indoor space, mass and elevation of shopping mall, and thereby summarizes the future trend in the development of major commercial building.
Adaptive System of Contemporary Chinese Architectural Design
Authors: Zhang Rui , Li Ying , Wang Tie Ming
Published: May 2011

Through the analysis of problems in the practice of contemporary Chinese architectural design from global perspective, the author pointed out that the core problem of design practice lay in the contradiction between change in demand under high-speed informationalization and traditional modes of design procedure, as well as the inadaptability of procedure and methods. Based on this, the concept of constructing an adaptive system of architectural design is put forward, hoping the related methodologies can improve the condition of purposelessness and hysteretic nature in architectural practice.
Techniques + Arts - On the Architectural Creation for Green and High-Tech Buildings
Authors: Xu Cong Huai , Xu Xiao Fei , Zang Peng , Xu Shu Chen
Published: May 2011

Along the context of technological development, architectural development experienced the raw type technical period; the combined period of art and technology; and that of technology, art and ecology three combined as one. Now, the context and the place of high emotion associated are again merge into high-tech buildings. Combined with our practice of creation, this paper introduces and advocates this new direction of the development of technology.
The Design Method Study on Nationality Architecture Based on the Image of Local Landscape: A Case Study on the Creation of Li County Non-Material Cultural Center
Authors: Cheng Bin , Liu Jian Ping
Published: May 2011

Along with globalization, the national minority area's local landscape vanishes gradually, planning and design in the minority areas face three problems; inconsistency understanding between subject and object, culture acculturation and identity lost, and dilemma between function and form, With the case study on the designing of Li County non-material cultural center , and following the local landscape theory synthetically in architecture design and landscape architecture, this paper discusses how to combine the ethnic look with the modern life and tourism industry to make a kind of reconciled and developing local landscape.