bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Social Policy from a Network Perspective
Authors: Manit Jill M. , Kolpakov Aleksey , Eubank William
Published: January 2020

Governance models influence the approach that public service organizations take when implementing programs, policies, and practices. The networked model of governance supports the involvement of multiple actors who span organizational boundaries and roles to implement solutions to address complex social problems. This paper presents the utility of network analysis for the study of policy implementation from a network perspective. The paper describes networks within the context of social work policy implementation, basic network components, common structural variables, and sources of data for the study of policy implementation. A study of a statewide policy implementation is partially presented as an illustration of the use of network analysis in social policy research. The illustration uses primary and secondary data with network analysis techniques to identify and describe the patterns of interactions that comprise the structure of the implementation network. The illustration will present examples of the study findings to demonstrate the utility of network analysis in identifying central network actors and describing the density of the network according to different network variables. The paper concludes with a summary of the utility of network analysis in the study of policy implementation with recommendations for future research.
Matrix-Assisted Pulsed laser Evaporation-deposited Rapamycin Thin Films Maintain Antiproliferative Activity
Authors: Cristescu Rodica , Negut Irina , Visan Anita Ioana , K. Nguyen Alexander , Sachan Andrew , L. Goering Peter , B. Chrisey Douglas , J. Narayan Roger
Published: January 2020

Matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) has many benefits over conventional methods (e.g., dip-coating, spin coating, and Langmuir–Blodgett dip-coating) for manufacturing coatings containing pharmacologic agents on medical devices. In particular, the thickness of the coating that is applied to the surface of the medical device can be tightly controlled. In this study, MAPLE was used to deposit rapamycin-polyvinylpyrrolidone (rapamycin-PVP) thin films onto silicon and borosilicate optical glass substrates. Alamar Blue and PicoGreen studies were used to measure the metabolic health and DNA content of L929 mouse fibroblasts as measures of viability and proliferation, respectively. The cells on the MAPLE-deposited rapamycin-PVP surfaces exhibited 70.6% viability and 53.7% proliferation compared to a borosilicate glass control. These data indicate that the antiproliferative properties of rapamycin were maintained after MAPLE deposition.
Role of intrauterine instillation of levobupivacaine as a local anaesthetic for outpatient gynaecological procedures: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Gupta Taru , Mansinghka Ankita , Thakur Anil
Published: January 2020

Background: Procedures such as intrauterine device (IUD) insertion and endometrial biopsy, are routinely performed in the outpatient setting for various indications. Satisfactory pain control for women undergoing outpatient gynecological procedures is critical for both patient comfort and procedure success. The perception of pain during gynecological procedures originates from manipulation of the cervix and/or uterus.Methods: This study evaluated the role of intrauterine instillation of 0.5% levobupivacaine as local anesthetic in terms of pain score during and post outpatient gynecological procedures (endometrial aspiration biopsy and IUD insertion), reduction in need for post procedural analgesia and allowance of early return to normal activity. The trial medication was intrauterine anesthesia, either 5 mL 0.5% levobupivacaine or 5 mL 0.9% saline (control group) on 100 patients. Primary outcome was self-reported pain scores on numerical pain scale at various points of procedure, point (0) was a grade for as no pain and the worst pain was graded as ten point (10) in this scale. During the procedure, degree of pain was specified by study subjects at 4 steps. These steps were 1) immediately after tenaculum application, 2) during the solution instillation and 3) IUD insertion or EB and 4) 15 minutes after the procedure and 24 hours later.Results: Pain scores of the intrauterine levobupivacaine groups were found to be significantly lower than the control group also there was reduced need for additional analgesia and also, they had early return to normal activity.Conclusions: Study sought to reduce pain during OPD procedures which might lead to better patient experience, reduce anxiety and produce an overall better outcome.
Assessment of nitric oxide and uric acid in patients of leprosy
Authors: Trimbake Sangeeta B. , Sontakke Alka N. , Gaikwad Rohini P.
Published: January 2020

Background: Leprosy is an old, dreaded infectious disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium mycobacterium leprae. Leprosy still continues to be a significant public health problem in few countries including India. Oxidative stress caused by derangement in the balance between ROS and natural antioxidants plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of leprosy. Hence this study attempts to assess the oxidative stress and antioxidant status in terms of Nitric oxide and uric acid.Methods: A case control observational study was carried out in100 untreated leprosy patients and compared with 50 healthy controls.  Leprosy patients were divided as paucibacillary and multibacillary. Serum Nitric oxide and uric acid levels were estimated in both groups to find out correlation of Nitric Oxide with uric acid.Results: There was a significant rise in serum NO in both PB and MB leprosy as compared to controls. The uric acid level was significantly decreased in both PB and MB leprosy patients as compared to controls.Conclusions: Elevated NO levels indicate oxidative stress in leprosy patients, denoting its crucial involvement in the pathogenesis and nerve damage in leprosy. Low uric acid indicates decrease defence of antioxidants in leprosy.
Prospective study of clinical profile and outcome of children presenting with poisoning
Authors: R. Ramamoorthy , T. Madhubalan , S. Chidambaranathan
Published: January 2020

Background: Childhood poisoning covers the entire gamut from accidental ingestion in toddlers and preschool children to intentional overdosage in adolescents. To find the clinic- epidemiological profile of poisoning regarding age, sex, type of poison, manner of poisoning, common clinical features, duration between poisoning and presentation to hospital, duration of hospital stay, to find out the different agents involved duration of ICU stay, pre-referral treatment and treatment given.Methods: All children below 12 years of age admitted during the one-year study period with a history of poisoning were included. Animal bites, snake and scorpion envenomation, chronic poisoning, drug allergy was excluded. All children were examined, investigated and treated according to hospital policy. The outcome of poisoning was recorded.Results: There were 143 cases of children with poisoning admitted. Accidental poisoning constituted 88.1% cases (n126),7.7% (n11) was suicidal and the remaining 4.2%(n6) was homicidal. In most cases, poisoning was due to hydrocarbons followed by pesticides. kerosene oil was the most common substance followed by OPC.Conclusions: The highest incidence of poisoning was observed in children below 5 years of age and from the lower middle socio-economic group. Most of the poisons were household products and the most common nature of exposure was accidental in most of the cases, recovery was complete.
Prostaglandin E (dmPGE2) action in vitro on the activity of rat liver Golgi apparatus galactosyltransferase.
Authors: Kordowiak A M , Tomecki J , Procyk K , Kapusta P
Published: January 2020

In vitro addition of 16,16'-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 to Golgi-rich membrane fraction in final concentration of 0.1 microgram/1 mg of protein increased generally the activity of galactosyltransferase in comparison with control. The percentage of phospholipids in the whole fraction was similar in both investigated groups, only the sum of phosphatidylethanolamine+phosphatidic acid was significantly lower after addition of dmPGE2 than in the control (0.001 < P < 0.01).
Homology of genes for exopolysaccharide synthesis in Rhizobium leguminosarum and effect of cloned exo genes on nodule formation.
Authors: Skorupska A , Deryło M
Published: January 2020

A 5.4 kb BamHI fragment of R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii TA1 was found to carry genes involved in exopolysaccharide synthesis (exo genes). This fragment was strongly hybridized to the total DNA from R. l. bv. viciae and bv. phaseoli digested with EcoRI. No homology was found with total DNA of R. meliloti and Rhizobium sp. NGR 234. The exo genes from R. l. bv. trifolii TA1 conjugally introduced into R. l. bv. viciae 1302 considerably affected the symbiosis: the nodules induced on vetch were abortive and did not fix nitrogen. On the other hand, Phaseolus beans infected with R. l. bv. phaseoli harbouring R. l. bv. trifolii exo genes formed the nitrogen-fixing nodules. It can be concluded that additional copies of exo genes introduced into wild type Rhizobium leguminosarum strains can disturb the synthesis of acidic exopolysaccharides and affect symbiosis of the plants forming indeterminate nodules, but do not affect symbiosis of the plants forming the determinate nodules.
Changes of nucleotide content in human and rat heart during cardiac surgery and ischemia.
Authors: Smoleński R T , Składanowski A C , Swierczyński J , Perko M , Narkiewicz M , Zydowo M M
Published: January 2020

The influence of ischemia on purine nucleotide and their catabolite concentration in human myocardium was investigated during surgery of acquired and congenital heart defects. This was compared with the influence of ischemia on rat heart. Concentrations of adenine and guanine nucleotides and their catabolites were measured in the extracts of heart biopsies taken at the onset of ischemia and at the time of reperfusion. The content of myocardial ATP in human heart decreased from the initial value of 22.3 +/- 1.1 to 14.6 +/- 1.5 nmol/mg protein and total adenine nucleotide pool decreased from 34.2 +/- 1.8 to 27.6 +/- 1.5 nmol/mg protein during the operation. Significant increases in myocardial concentrations of purine catabolites were also observed with the most prominent rise in inosine from below 0.5 at the onset of the ischemia to 3.0 +/- 0.5 nmol/mg protein at the time of reperfusion. A positive correlation was demonstrated between the concentration of purine catabolites in the heart at the end of ischemia with the decrease of both ATP and the total nucleotide pool. An interesting metabolic specificity of the ischemic human heart appeared to be only a small accumulation of inosine monophosphate (IMP). The increase of IMP in the rat heart after ischemia was several-fold higher. Thus, cardiac surgery of congenital and acquired heart defects was associated with a significant decrease in myocardial adenylate pool and a single biopsy collected at the end of ischemia seems to be sufficient to evaluate the extent of this metabolic and possibly functional impairment of the heart.
TÉCNICA DO GIBI COMO RECURSO METODOLÓGICO APLICADO NA ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Brito Maria José Menezes , Caram Carolina Silva , Moreira Danielle Araújo , Rezende Lilian Cristina , Cardoso Cecília Maria Lima , Caçador Beatriz Santana
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: descrever o uso da Técnica do Gibi como recurso metodológico aplicado na assistência, no ensino e na pesquisa em enfermagem. Método: trata-se de estudo tipo user experience desenvolvido no ensino, com estudantes de graduação e de pós-graduação em enfermagem, na assistência, durante consultas de enfermagem, e na pesquisa, como forma de coleta de dados em investigações qualitativas. Resultados: a Técnica do Gibi revelou-se como estratégia acessível a diferentes públicos e situações, favorecendo a expressão de subjetividades individuais e coletivas. Nessa ótica, a (re)significação e a (re)construção de experiências cotidianas, alicerçadas na utilização da Técnica do Gibi, tem se mostrado relevante, passando a configurar-se como objeto de investigação. Conclusão: a Técnica do Gibi vem se apresentando como metodologia inovadora no campo da saúde, favorecendo a abordagem crítico-reflexiva sobre as práticas cotidianas, considerando suas diferentes formas de expressão e abordagens.

Descritores: Enfermagem. Pesquisa em Enfermagem. Pesquisa Qualitativa. Coleta de Dados.
PARTO NORMAL E INTERVENÇÕES OCORRIDAS EM UMA MATERNIDADE PÚBLICA
Authors: Pereira Luana Rocha , Rodrigues Gilcynara Maria Moura , Ferreira Elisângela Da Silva , Barros Ingrid Nicolle Monteiro , Carneiro Márcia Simão , Siqueira Lorena Saavedra
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: analisar a relação entre as intervenções realizadas durante o trabalho de parto e a duração da fase ativa em parturientes internadas. Método: estudo documental, tipo levantamento de dados, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em uma maternidade no Pará, Brasil. A análise dos dados ocorreu por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: identificadas as intervenções: amniotomia (6,1%), ocitocina (64,2%) e episiotomia (16,7%). A relação das intervenções com a duração da fase ativa do trabalho de parto ocorreu com maior frequência em mulheres com menos de 5 horas na fase ativa. Conclusão: as intervenções realizadas em partos de risco habitual e no período de fase ativa menor que 5 horas não encontraram sustentação teórica e remeteram ao modelo biomédico.

Descritores: Enfermagem Obstétrica. Parto Normal. Trabalho de Parto. Obstetrícia.
Multilingual and Multicultural Educational Space: Creative Writing of Russian–speaking Children in the UK
Authors: Shatalina Valentina , Ivashinenko Nina , Henderson-Stewart Tatiana
Published: January 2020

This article presents the qualitative study of bilingual children from Russian-speaking families living in the UK. Our findings offer novel insights and contribute to existing theoretical, methodological, and empirical research on multilingual and multicultural educational space through a new lens of study process of bilingual children imagination. It brings a new focus to existing work in this area through its consideration of creating writing as a reflection of complex educational space in post-literacy era. We collected the creative stories which were written by children who participated in concurs “Once it dreams for me”. The narrative and content analysis show popular topics based on specific cultural tradition and habitus of migrant families. We argued that these children stories have both cultural elements British and Russian, which were formed in the British mainstream and the Russian Saturday schools. One of the main points of children’s stories is the “Internet in their everyday life”. It shows how children learn and go through the process of acquisition of cultural knowledge in post-literacy era using new technologies. Also, the findings contribute to the discussion of the epistemology of children behaviour and motivation at a time when visual and creative reflection have begun more important that direct answer to explicit researchers questions. Expanding on the existing literature in this area, the article investigates creative story writing as a two-way process influencing both the transnational cultural and the transnational education space.
Keywords: bilingual children, multicultural educational space, Russian-speaking families
Russia and Post-Soviet Central Asia: Reciprocal Language Studies in University Curricula and Bilateral Cooperation in this Area
Authors: Muratshina Ksenia , Iakimova Olga , Hamzin Ildar , Verbitskaia Tatiana , Bobojonov Gayrat , Perevalov Alexei
Published: January 2020

Russia and the post-Soviet countries of Central Asia are close partners, having ties not only in the economy, politics and culture, but also in the field of security. The linguistic aspect of interaction is also of great importance. This article analyzes the presence of the Russian language in the curricula of Central Asian universities, the presence of Central Asian languages in the curricula of Russian universities, and the level of bilateral cooperation in this area. The study is conducted within the framework of the methodological structure of the theory of “soft power” by J. Nye and the concept of “competitive identity of the state” by S. Anholt. The findings of our study present arguments in support of, firstly, the development of an effective strategy to preserve the role of the Russian language as a unifying cultural factor and an instrument of international communication and cooperation, and, secondly, the possibility of preparation specialists in Central Asia in Russia with a good knowledge of regional languages in order to ensure strategic planning, evaluation of joint projects and the study of modern literature.
Keywords: Russia, Central Asia, cultural cooperation
Socio-cultural and Legal Aspects of Interaction between Representatives of Different Subcultures in the Media Space
Authors: Zolotukhin Vladimir , Zolotukhina Natalia , Sedina Natalia , Kozyreva Marina
Published: January 2020

The paper explores the existing framework of interaction between representatives of different subcultures in the modern media space. It is emphasized that a significant impact on these processes, according to the authors, has not only the everyday socio-cultural environment, but also the legal field in which there are communicative processes. Communication links between subcultures allow us to trace the degree of mutual influence and interaction of representatives of different ethnic groups, nationalities, state entities, changes in language and its meanings, as well as the technological development of communication itself in the era of post-literacy and ”niche” functioning of modern media. It is emphasized that the socio-cultural aspect allows assessing the degree of demand and transformation of cultural stereotypes in the process of interaction of state culture with various subcultural formations. The existing social tension between us is formed in the process of accumulation of negative and/or positive factors and finds its vivid expression in the media sphere and splashes out into the social space in the cultural form (music, art culture, etc.) and in form of mass protests in the framework of the implementation of ”subcultural capital” against the dominant stereotypes, imposed by society. Modern communication technologies (Internet, social networks, mobile phone, etc.) have opened not only new spheres of interaction between people, but also constantly confront society with the emergence of social risks, the origins of which are revealed in the potential conflict of meeting the interests and needs of representatives of different subcultures.
Keywords: culture, subculture, media space, cultural stereotype, socio-cultural environment, social risk
BRICS Multicultural Internet Projects As a Tool for Integrating and Overcoming Unfavorable Images of Countries
Authors: Kurumchina Anna
Published: January 2020

This article is devoted to the problem of a digital cultural project as a resource of cultural diplomacy for the BRICS group. The purpose of the study is to analyze the cultural projects existing on the Internet, their possibilities and potential. Particular attention is paid to the Internet cultural projects of the BRICS, which can be used to overcome the unfavorable images of these countries. The main result of the study is that the BRICS countries practically do not have and do not use the Internet as a resource for promoting joined cultural projects, since they do not develop and do not work on the joint BRICS cultural policy. That is why the author’s recommendation is to first develop common values of the BRICS group, and then this will become the basis for creating cultural projects and promoting BRICS in the world. The BRICS joint value system will contribute to a clear understanding of the group by everyone in the world.
Keywords: BRICS, cultural projects, Internet cultural projects, globalization
Reading As a Democratic Value and Resource for the Formation of the Communicative and Cultural Memory of a Nation
Authors: Oleshko Vladimir , Oleshko Eugene
Published: January 2020

The article actualizes the humanitarian aspect of the problem of preserving text reading in a new technological environment as a number of specific institutionalized and communicative practices. This phenomenon as one of the fundamental subsystems of culture, based on the results of sociological research, is considered in the context of the implementation of value, training and educational functions. Reading is not merely a process of consumption of a certain kind of information, it is not just a technology of interiorization of texts and an essential resource of communicative and cultural memory, but also a factor that largely determines the general and historical culture of a generation, and as a result, the cost of the products materialized by it, left to descendants. The highlighted intergenerational contradictions/gaps, as proved, show that reading in the era of post-literacy should be the most important resource for the formation and development of the communicative and cultural memory of the Russian nation.
Keywords: reading, culture, post-literacy, communication, mass media, education, sense creation, communicative and cultural memory
Gamification of Violence in Analog (Tabletop) Thematic Games: Splices, Wrinkles, and Translation Gaps
Authors: N. Pupysheva Irina , G. Ivanov Aleksey
Published: January 2020

Modern tabletop (analog) games are riding a wave of popularity being a part of "resisting the digital” trend. First of all, imaginary worlds of media franchises become represented in tabletop games with their specific ways of creating interactive narrative and gaming algorithms. Secondly, tabletop games address complicated issues and concepts of today’s world. The authors aim to examine specific ways of representing violence in tabletop games, with plots already employed by pieces of different types of media. The authors believe that the hybrid nature of modern tabletop (analog) games involves a hybrid methodology, including phenomenology, hermeneutics, procedural rhetoric, the ideas of R.Kayua, M.Wolf, L.Manovich. The concept of violence is analyzed with reference to V. Podoroga, А. Usmanova, S. Zizek, V. Benjamin. The result of the study is a comprehensive description of the representation of violence in board-themed games. The authors argue that violence is represented in tabletop games at several levels and in different forms: narrative violence, visual violence, symbolic violence, etc. The study indirectly confirms the non-autonomy of the game process, the dependence of the game narrative on the experience of acquaintance with the "imaginary world.”
Keywords: media theory, game studiеs, boardgames, tabletop games, violence
Bio-Art Between Bios and Zoe
Authors: Chistyakova Marina
Published: January 2020

In this article, bio-art is analyzed in the framework of critical posthumanism, a specific feature of which is anti-anthropocentrism. Posthumanist theories predetermine the relationship of a modern person with himself, the world around him, and nonhuman agents. In this regard, the scope of the concepts of bios and zoe is being reconsidered, as long as they specify the difference between human and non-human life. Posthumanism is based on the idea of a broader understanding of zoe as the common basis of all life forms, including bios. Bio-art is genetically linked to posthumanism. The latest discoveries in biology have mainstreamed posthumanism issues and inspired the emergence of this art form. But more often than not, bios and zoe act as opposites in bio-art, since bio-art uses life and its various forms as media. Technological innovations allow artists to create new forms of life or to manipulate existing ones. The interrelation of these two terms (bios and zoe) is employed as the key criterion to confirm or refute the assumption that bio-art is associated with the ideas of posthumanism by analyzing some widely known works of bio-art.
Keywords: bio-art, posthumanism, transhumanism, bios, zoe
The Potential of Literary Translation in Intercultural Communication: Ota Pavel’s Short Stories for the Russian Reader
Authors: Cherepanova Anastasiia
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this article is to reveal the specifics of the translation of cross-cultural texts by the Czech writer Ota Pavel. The main research methods are a description of potential difficulties and possible solutions, a comparative analysis of the translation and the original, contextual analysis, the use of analog texts to indicate the genre nature of the translated text. The main conclusions of the article are as follows: to convey the style of Ota Pavel, the translator must recreate the model of the world presented in the original text, which includes the specific features of Czech and Jewish cultures, by transmitting such characteristics of the text as slow narration, an abundance of retreats, repetitions, details, comparisons, specific Jewish humor using such translation tools as historical and cultural translation comments and compulsory translation transformations. The latter include: lexical transformations (translational transcription, tracing, lexical-semantic substitutions); lexical and grammatical transformations (explication, transformation); grammatical transformations (syntactic assimilation, division of sentences, combining sentences, grammatical replacements).
Keywords: cross-cultural texts, analog texts, contextual analysis, adaptation, translation transformations
Typology of Code Switching Functions in the Space of a Literary Text (Based on the Novel Shantaram by G. D. Roberts)
Authors: Alexandrovna Gamalinskaya Alexandra
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the study of code switching mechanisms in terms of language contacts in the space of literary texts. It considers the main concepts of the code switching theory. The research focuses on the classification of code switching functions in the space of a literary text (based on the novel Shantaram by G. D. Roberts). The relevance of the study is determined by the usage of modern literary text as a research material. The literary text is at the same time a product of “artistic communication in the culture of post-literacy” [1, 57] and a linguistic object that represents the literary norms of various languages, as well as dialects and colloquial forms of the languages presented. The article highlights the causes and goals of using various codes within the framework of a single communicative act in bilingual speech. As a result, the functional and linguistic features of code switching are analyzed and various classifications are described.
Keywords: code, code switching, multilingualism, language contacts, communicative act
Determination of error level of ultrasonographic fetal weight estimation according to the seniority of residents in obstetrics and gynecology
Authors: ÇİFT Tayfur , TEMÜR Muzaffer , YILDIZBAKAN Mehtap , TÜRKER Ayşe Ülkü , ÖZTAŞ Sonay , ACAR Yeliz , ÜSTÜNEL Sibel , ÜSTÜNYURT Emin
Published: January 2020

Objectives: We consider the difference between estimated fetal weight and birth weight through the measurement according to the seniority of the residents in obstetrics and gynecology. In this study, we aimed to determine the fallibility of the residents according to their seniority years.Methods: This research was planned as a prospective and approved by the Ethics Committee Ultrasonographic measurements were performed with ultrasound device and the estimated fetal weight was calculated with Hadlock 4 (BPD, HC, AC, FL) formula. Measurements were performed by the residents in the first, second, third and fourth year of training and repeated by the same specialist for each patient. Only those who gave birth within 48 hours of the ultrasonographic measurements were included in the study.Results: A total of 392 pregnant women were included in the study. Ninety-eight pregnant women were examined by 1st year resident, 100 pregnant by 2nd year resident, 93 pregnant by 3rd year resident and 101 pregnant by 4th resident. Largest difference between the estimated fetal weight and birth weight was performed by the fourth year resident with 125.06 ± 247.40 grams.Conclusions: The estimated fetal weight by ultrasonography has an important place in obstetric practice and it may vary according to the years of seniority of the resident. For this reason, ultrasonography should be used effectively and accurately during the training of the residents in the centers of education in obstetrics and gynecology and it is essential that the residents learn the ultrasound examination properly and completely.
РАЗРАБОТКА И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СТАЦИОНАРНОГО СКВАЖИННОГО ПРИБОРА В СИСТЕМЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОЦЕССОМ НЕФТЕДОБЫЧИ
Authors: Алаева Наталья Николаевна , Томус Юрий Борисович , Тугашова Лариса Геннадьевна
Published: January 2020

Актуальность исследования заключается в получении достоверных измеренных технологических параметров (как минимум давления и плотности добываемой продукции) в скважине, полученных в режиме реального времени, для качественного управления нефтедобывающей скважиной и повышения эффективности ее эксплуатации. Цель: разработка стационарного скважинного прибора для измерения давления на приеме и выкиде насоса, внутри насосно-компрессорных труб и межтрубного пространства нефтедобывающей скважины; составление математической модели получения необходимых технологических параметров для решения основных задач при добыче нефти; применение стационарного скважинного прибора в предлагаемой системе управления процессом нефтедобычи. Объект – нефтедобывающая скважина. Методы: моделирование и оценка работы предлагаемой системы управления процессом нефтедобычи с применением разработанного стационарного скважинного прибора в программе Matlab/Simulink. Результаты. Разработан стационарный скважинный прибор для измерения давления на приеме и выкиде насоса, внутри НКТ и межтрубного пространства скважины и показана его конструкция; представлена математическая модель получения необходимых технологических параметров для решения основных задач при добыче нефти; предложена система управления с применением разработанного прибора; поставлена и решена задача создания эффективной системы управления процессом нефтедобычи. Выводы. Получен положительный результат при моделировании системы управления процессом нефтедобычи с применением разработанного скважинного прибора для измерения давления в нескольких контрольных точках ствола нефтедобывающей скважины в программе Matlab/Simulink. Реализация разработанного стационарного скважинного прибора в предлагаемой системе управления процессом нефтедобычи обеспечивает точность и быстродействие вывода скважины на стационарный режим работы, его стабилизацию и увеличение отбора добываемой продукции.
ГОДОВЫЕ КОЛЬЦА СОСНЫ ОБЫКНОВЕННОЙ (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) – ИНДИКАТОР ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ОБСТАНОВКИ И ХРОНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТНОГО СОСТАВА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ
Authors: Миронова Анастасия Сергеевна , Рихванов Леонид Петрович , Барановская Наталья Владимировна , Судыко Александр Фёдорович
Published: January 2020

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью поиска или изобретения точного и информативного индикатора для проведения экологического мониторинга окружающей среды. Цель: изучить особенности накопления 28 химических элементов в годовых кольцах сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.) различных территорий. Объект: годовые кольца сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L). Методы: отбор кернов сосны обыкновенной; высушивание и разделение проб на временные интервалы, измельчение кернов; определение содержания 28 химических элементов методом количественного инструментального нейтронно-активационного анализа; обработка данных статистическими методами. Результаты. Определен химический элементный состав образцов годовых колец сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.), отобранных на территориях трех регионов России: Томской области, Кемеровской области и Республики Бурятия. Сравнение химического элементного состава годовых колец деревьев разных регионов помогло увидеть геохимические особенности каждой территории в отдельности. Специфичными для дерева Томской области являются элементы Ba (3 мг/кг), Rb (0,5 мг/кг), Ce (0,02 мг/кг), Cs (0,01 мг/кг) и другие. Для дерева Кемеровской области: Cr (1 мг/кг), Fe (34 мг/кг), As (0,01 мг/кг), Sb (0,002 мг/кг), La (0,01 мг/кг), U (0,004 мг/кг) и другие. Для дерева из Республики Бурятия: Br (1 мг/кг), Sr (7 мг/кг), Ag (0,04 мг/кг), Au (0,001 мг/кг), Th (0,001 мг/кг) и другие. Таким образом, дендрогеохимический метод исследования может быть использован для оценки геохимической обстановки территории по уровню накопления химических элементов в годовых кольцах дерева. Динамики поступления химических элементов в годовые кольца позволяют изучать историю трансформации химического элементного состава окружающей среды. Так, тренды железа и хрома для Pinus sylvestris Кемеровской области ярко отражают развитие черной металлургии, а тренды As, Ag, Cs, Sb, U, Sm, Th и Br – развитие угольной промышленности региона. Тренды щелочных металлов Rb, Cs, радиоактивного U и редкоземельных элементов Nd, Sm, Eu показали интенсивность воздействия в разные промежутки времени предприятий ядерно-топливного цикла и других предполагаемых источников на окружающую среду Томского района Томской области. Сделан вывод, что дендрогеохимический мониторинг может быть использован в целях исследования локальных и глобальных изменений окружающей среды и позволяет восстанавливать историю прошлого загрязнения.
НОВЫЕ ДАННЫЕ ПО ПАЛЕОГЕОГРАФИИ ВОСТОЧНОГО ПОБЕРЕЖЬЯ ЗАЛИВА ГРЁН-ФЬОРД (ОСТРОВ ЗАПАДНЫЙ ШПИЦБЕРГЕН) НА ОСНОВАНИИ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ГОЛОЦЕНОВЫХ ОТЛОЖЕНИЙ НА МЫСЕ ФИННИСЕТ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ИЗОТОПНО-ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКИХ МЕТОДОВ
Authors: Кряучюнас Видас Винанто , Игловский Станислав Анатольевич , Любас Артем Александрович , Кузнецова Ирина Андреевна , Котова Екатерина Ильинична , Шахова Евгения Васильевна , Мироненко Кирилл Андреевич
Published: January 2020

Актуальность исследования заключается в определении возраста моллюсков в заливе Грен-фьорд на архипелаге Шпицберген и физико-химических параметров среды их обитания в условиях угрозы разрушения геологических обнажений с находящимися в них моллюсками и костным материалом птиц и рыб в результате активно развивающихся процессов береговой термоабразии и техногенной нагрузки комбината «Арктикуголь». Цель: реконструкция основных физико-химических параметров среды обитания моллюсков в голоцене на основе определения видовой принадлежности моллюсков и изучения изотопно-геохимического состава раковин и вмещающих их горных пород. Методы: определение видовой принадлежности раковин моллюсков с использованием морфологического метода; разложение образцов раковин путем кислотного вскрытия; определение содержания макро- и микроэлементов на масс-спектрометре с индуктивно связанной плазмой Aurora Elite фирмы Bruker (Германия) и на волнодисперсном рентгенфлуоресцентном спектрометре LabCenter XRF-1800; определение отношений стабильных изотопов на масс-спектрометре Finningan МАТ253; определение возраста раковин моллюсков на жидкостном низкофоновом сцинтилляционном счетчике. Объекты: четвертичные отложения берегового клифа мыса Финнисет (залив Грён-фьорд, арх. Западный Шпицберген), раковины двустворчатых моллюсков и их фрагменты. Результаты. Определены обнаруженные комплексы макрофауны, представленные двустворчатыми моллюсками (Hiatella arctica, Mytilus edulis, Tridonta borealis, Mya truncata). Впервые для мыса Финнисет установлен возраст ископаемых раковин морских моллюсков, который составляет от 7970 до 8050 кал. лет. Установлено, что моллюски, найденные в нижних слоях, обитали в более теплой среде чем те, что обнаружены в вышележащих. Реконструированы редокс-условия с помощью соотношения Ni/Co в пределах от 1,5 до 9 единиц и V/Cr менее 2 единиц. Определено содержание U, которое изменяется в диапазоне от 0,2 мг до 4 мг. Анализ отношения Сu/Cr в разрезе показал, что расстояние от области сноса до области осадконакопления изменялось незначительно. Содержания Zn в горной породе свидетельствует о временной регрессии моря и преобладании континентального режима осадконакопления над морским. Определение концентраций Mn в раковинах моллюсков показало, что они обитали в прибрежно-морской зоне с высоким содержанием кислорода.
НАСЫЩЕННЫЕ И АРОМАТИЧЕСКИЕ УГЛЕВОДОРОДЫ-БИОМАРКЕРЫ В НЕФТЯХ БАЙКИТСКОЙ АНТЕКЛИЗЫ
Authors: Тимошина Ирина Дмитриевна
Published: January 2020

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью расширения ресурсной базы в месторождениях Байкитской антеклизы. Нахождение двух типов нефтей может быть обязано дополнительному источнику, что повышает перспективы района. Однако вариации в составе нефтей могут быть также связаны с высоким катагенезом и миграционными эффектами, поэтому необходима оценка влияния этих факторов на состав нефтей. Цель: определить влияние генетического, катагенетического и миграционного факторов на углеводороды-биомаркеры нефтей Байкитской антеклизы, выделить районы преимущественного влияния каждого из них. Объекты: нефти Байкитской антеклизы. Методы: сопоставление характеристик углеводородов-биомаркеров, полученных с помощью хромато-масс-спектрометрии, в насыщенной и ароматической фракциях нефтей, оценка влияния на их состав вклада из разных нефтематеринских формаций, катагенеза и миграции, группировка нефтей по преобладанию влияния этих факторов. Результаты. Дана характеристика углеводородов-биомаркеров насыщенной и ароматической фракций нефтей рифейских и вендских коллекторов Байкитской антеклизы. На основании этих характеристик, отличающихся от полученных ранее характеристик наиболее распространенных и типичных древних нефтей Сибирской платформы, сделано заключение о влиянии вклада из верхнерифейской ирэмэкенской толщи в двух нефтях на востоке Куюмбинского месторождения, а также влияние вклада из вероятно вендских нефтематеринских формаций в нефтях из вендских коллекторов. Главными фактором формирования состава большинства нефтей Куюмбинского месторождения был высокий катагенез, усиленный за счет миграционных эффектов в сторону обогащения низкомолекулярными соединениями. Вероятно, несколько нефтей являются смесью двух компонентов, имеющих разный катагенез, причём более преобразованный обогащён насыщенными, в том числе циклическими, соединениями, а менее преобразованный – ароматическими.
CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOLAR CELLS p-n JUNCTION ZnO AND TiO2 PARAREL ON Cu2O LAYER
Authors: Fadlly Teuku Andi , Putra Rachmad Almi
Published: January 2020

Current-Voltage Characteristics of solar cells p-n junction ZnO and TiO2 parallel in the Cu2O layer has been determined using solar irradiation. Metal oxide has been used as a semiconductor material, such as ZnO and TiO2 is an n-type semiconductor. The material has a gap energy of 3.37 eV and 3.2 eV. Thermal oxidation is applied to commercial Cu plates for 60 minutes to produce Cu2O layers as p-type semiconductors. The process varies in temperature, namely 300, 400, and 500 °C. The process of thermal oxidation on Cu plates at a temperature of 300 °C increases the impurity in the Cu2O layer. The impurity layer is CuO. Then the CuO layer formed decreases with increasing temperature thermal oxidation. CuO layer increases the efficiency of solar cells p-n junction TiO2-ZnO parallel in the layer Cu2O. The results of measurements with sunlight showed that the TiO2-ZnO/Cu2O (300) samples had the highest solar cell efficiency, which was 0.28 %.
LOS ESTUDIOS DE CITOGENÉTICA BÁSICA EN LA HERPETOFAUNA NATIVA DE TABASCO
Authors: Hernández Guzmán Javier , Arias Rodriguez Lenin
Published: January 2020

La citogenética de la herpetofauna nativa de Tabasco ha retomado importancia desde el año 2009; debido al floreciente establecimiento de investigación en cuatro especies de anfibios ('Rhinella marina', 'Incilius valliceps', 'Dendropsophus microcephalus' y 'Smislica baudinii'); y de seis especies de reptiles hasta el 2018 ('Coleonyx elegans', 'Basiliscus vittatus', 'Iguana iguana', 'Kinosternon leucostomum', 'Staurotypus triporcatus' y 'Trachemys scripta'). Este documento presenta la compilación de estudios de citogenética realizados en especies nativas de Tabasco, México. Los caracteres citogenéticos establecidos en las diez especies, son los primeros datos para dichas especies en el Estado. En dicho sentido, se enmarca la importancia de tales estudios para entender el comportamiento citológico de las poblaciones nativas. Es de suma importancia que los estudios de genética y fisiología en todos los sentidos, se extiendan con el fin de comprender los mecanismos biológicos que ayuden a su protección.
DE PARÁSITO A FILTRADOR: EL FANTÁSTICO MUNDO DE LAS ALMEJAS DE AGUA DULCE EN EL SURESTE DE MÉXICO
Authors: Castillo Domínguez Alfonso , Melgar Valdes Carolina Esther , Saucedo Lastra Pedro Enrique , Perera García Martha Alicia
Published: January 2020

Las almejas de agua dulce son organismos filtradores y bioindicadores de la salud del ecosistema acuático. Su distribución es cosmopolita, pues es un grupo muy diverso en toda la costa oriental de Norte, Centro y Sudamérica. En el sureste México se conocen nueve géneros y doce especies, y en el bajo Usumacinta cinco especies y cinco géneros. Estos organismos presentan sexos separados, aunque algunos son hermafroditas.
A GUIDE TO CHRISTIAN SPIRITUAL FORMATION: HOW SCRIPTURE, SPIRIT, COMMUNITY, AND MISSION SHAPE OUR SOULS. BY EVAN B. HOWARD.
Authors: Priyatna Novel
Published: January 2020

Although interest in Christian spiritual formation among evangelicals, especially in Western society, has been at a critical stage, Howard stresses the importance of Christian spiritual formation. Christian spiritual formation helps individuals and Christian communities grow deeper in their relationship with the Triune God because in it the Holy Spirit, Scripture, community, and mission are interconnected with one another. Furthermore, without Christian spiritual formation, Christian institutions find it  difficult to perform their roles well. Therefore, this book challenges Christian leaders such as educators, pastors, spiritual directors, and other church leaders to become God’s instruments in transforming believers to have Christlike character in their lives.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Meskipun minat dalam formasi rohani Kristen di kalangan kaum Injili, khususnya di masyarakat Barat, telah berada pada tahap kritis, Howard menegaskan pentingnya formasi rohani Kristen. Formasi rohani Kristen membantu individu-individu dan komunitas-komunitas Kristen untuk bertumbuh lebih dalam terkait hubungan mereka dengan Allah Tritunggal karena didalamnya Roh Kudus, Alkitab, komunitas, dan misi saling berhubungan satu sama lain. Lebih jauh lagi, tanpa formasi rohani Kristen, lembaga-lembaga Kristen sulit melakukan perannya dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, buku ini menantang para pemimpin Kristen seperti pendidik, pendeta, direktur spiritual, dan pemimpin-pemimpin gereja lainnya untuk menjadi alat Tuhan dalam mengubah orang-orang Kristen agar dapat memiliki karakter seperti Kristus dalam kehidupan mereka.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK-PAIR-SHARE DENGAN MIND MAPPING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS MURID KELAS VIII A SEKOLAH PALEMBANG HARAPAN [THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE THINK-PAIR-SHARE LEARNING MODEL WITH MIND MAPPING TO IMPROVE GRADE 8-A STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING OF MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS AT SEKOLAH PALEMBANG HARAPAN]
Authors: Yojinato Felix , Hidayat Dylmoon
Published: January 2020

Helping students to have good conceptual understanding is one of the purposes of learning mathematics. During class observations the researchers found some students still struggling with mathematics conceptual understanding.  This research implemented the Think-Pair-Share (TPS) learning model along with mind mapping as an effort to improve students’ conceptual understanding of mathematics. The research was conducted with four students of grade VIII A using Classroom Action Research (CAR) at Sekolah Palembang Harapan in 3 cycles. Each cycle consisted of 5 stages. The researcher used four instruments: quiz, the mentor's observation sheet, the mentor’s feedback, and journal reflection. The result showed that the implementation of TPS with mind mapping improved the students’ understanding of mathematical concepts.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Membantu siswa untuk memiliki pemahaman konsep yang baik adalah salah satu tujuan pembelajaran matematika. Selama melakukan pengamatan proses pembelajaran di kelas, peneliti menemukan bahwa siswa masih bergumul dengan pemahaman konsep matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan menerapkan model belajar Think-Pair-Share (TPS) dengan Mind Mapping untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang konsep matematika. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilakukan kepada 4 murid kelas VIII A Sekolah Palembang Harapan dengan 3 siklus. Tiap siklus terdiri dari 5 tahapan. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan empat instrumen yaitu kuis, lembar observasi guru mentor, umpan balik guru mentor dan jurnal refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TPS dengan Mind Mappingmeningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang konsep matematika.
MENJADI GURU YANG REFLEKTIF MELALUI PROSES BERPIKIR REFLEKTIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA [BECOMING A REFLECTIVE TEACHER THROUGH THE REFLECTIVE THINKING PROCESS IN MATHEMATICS LEARNING]
Authors: Manurung Santy Yesica , Listiani Tanti
Published: January 2020

This research is based on problems found during the Field Experience Program (PPL 2) when more than 50% of the students scored below the minimal completeness criteria (KKM) on the first daily test and some students were impolite to the teacher.  The author sees these problems being caused by the teacher's lack of ability to manage the classroom, especially in the realm of classroom interaction. One of the expected competencies of a teacher is that he or she is able to become a reflective person. Indeed, God condemns the attitude of a person who always defends himself because it makes him always justify his actions without wanting to reflect upon those actions. Being a reflective person will help a teacher examine his strengths and weaknesses in teaching to improve the quality of his teaching. The purpose of this study is to describe the importance of repeated reflection by a teacher through the reflective thinking process in mathematics learning. The results of the reflection process can help a teacher solve problems in class. The author suggests that the teacher focuses on observing the characteristics of the students in class so that, through the introduction of each individual student, the teacher can prepare what is needed to carry out learning in accordance with the characteristics of students.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini didasari oleh permasalahan yang ditemukan saat menjalankan Program Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) 2 yang mana pada saat ulangan harian pertama terdapat lebih dari 50% siswa mendapat nilai dibawah KKM dan beberapa siswa yang berlaku tidak sopan kepada guru. Penulis melihat permasalahan ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya kemampuan guru dalam memanajemen kelas khususnya dalam ranah interaksi di dalam kelas. Salah satu kompetensi yang diharapkan adalah guru mampu menjadi pribadi yang reflektif. Sejatinya, Allah mengutuk sikap orang-orang yang selalu membela diri karena hal tersebut akan membuat manusia selalu membenarkan tindakannya tanpa mau merefleksikan tindakannya. Menjadi pribadi yang reflektif, akan membantu guru untuk memeriksa kelebihan dan kekurangannya dalam mengajar untuk memperbaiki kualitas pengajarannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan pentingnya melakukan refleksi berulangkali oleh guru melalui proses berpikir reflektif dalam pembelajaran matematika. Dengan demikian, dari hasil proses refleksi tersebut dapat membantu guru untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang ada di kelas. Penulis menyarankan untuk guru fokus mengobservasi karakteristik siswa dalam satu kelas. Supaya, melalui pengenalan akan setiap pribadi siswa, guru dapat mempersiapkan hal apa saja yang dibutuhkan untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa.