bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consistency of pacing profile according to performance level in three different editions of the Chicago, London, and Tokyo marathons
Authors: Oficial-Casado Fran , Uriel Jordi , Jimenez-Perez Irene , Goethel Márcio Fagundes , Pérez-Soriano Pedro , Priego-Quesada Jose Ignacio
Published: June 2022

Running pacing has become a focus of interest over recent years due to its relationship with performance, however, it is still unknown the consistency of each race in different editions. The aim of this study is to analyze the consistency of pacing profile in three consecutive editions of three marathon races. A database of 282,808 runners, compiled from three different races (Chicago, London, and Tokyo Marathon) and three editions (2017, 2018, and 2019) was analyzed. Participants were categorized according to their time performance in the marathon, every 30 min from 2:30 h to sub-6 h. The relative speed of each section for each runner was calculated as a percentage of the average speed for the entire race. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of relative speed at the different pacing section, taking into account the runner time categories, was excellent over the three marathon editions (ICC > 0.93). The artificial intelligence model showed an accuracy of 86.8% to classify the runners' data in three marathons, suggesting a consistency between editions with identifiable differences between races. In conclusion, although some differences have been observed between editions in certain sections and marathon runner categories, excellent consistency of the pacing profile was observed. The study of pacing profile in a specific marathon can, therefore, be helpful for runners, coaches and marathon organizers for planning the race and improving its organization.
Physical and morphological characterization of the 19 May 2021 ash cloud deposit at Stromboli (Italy)
Authors: Re Giuseppe , Pompilio Massimo , Del Carlo Paola , Di Roberto Alessio
Published: June 2022

We report on the ash cloud related to the gravitational collapse of a portion of the Stromboli volcano crater rim that occurred on 19 May 2021. The collapse produced a pyroclastic density current (PDC) that spread along the northwest flank of the volcano and propagated in the sea for about 1 km. The PDC was associated with a convective ash cloud that rapidly dispersed eastward and deposited a thin layer (< 1 mm) of very fine pinkish ash over the village of Stromboli. The deposit was sampled shortly after the emplacement (within a few hours) and prior to any significant reworking or re-sedimentation. We present a comprehensive description of the deposit including dispersal, sedimentological characteristics and textural and geochemical features. We also compare the 19 May 2021 deposit with fine-ash deposits connected to other PDCs and landslides previously occurring at Stromboli and with the distal ash of a paroxysmal explosive eruption of Mt. Etna volcano. Results indicate that the distributions of the mass on the ground and of the grain size are not correlated with the distance from the source. Also, the componentry reflects a preponderance of remobilized material ingested by the PDC. Therefore, the great amount of fine ash can be ascribed to clasts comminution processes, although the prevalence of dense crystalline components records an overall equiaxial shape, revealing a paucity of elongated clast with complex morphology. Furthermore, the outcomes of this work aim to create a collection of data of a co-PDC ash cloud that may prove useful for comparison with other deposits worldwide.
Comparison of traditional and DNA metabarcoding samples for monitoring tropical soil arthropods (Formicidae, Collembola and Isoptera)
Authors: Basset Yves , Hajibabaei Mehrdad , Wright Michael T. G. , Castillo Anakena M. , Donoso David A. , Segar Simon T. , Souto-Vilarós Daniel , Soliman Dina Y. , Roslin Tomas , Smith M. Alex , Lamarre Greg P. A. , De León Luis F. , Decaëns Thibaud , Palacios-Vargas José G. , Castaño-Meneses Gabriela , Scheffrahn Rudolf H. , Rivera Marleny , Perez Filonila , Bobadilla Ricardo , Lopez Yacksecari , Ramirez Silva José Alejandro , Cruz Maira Montejo , Galván Angela Arango , Barrios Héctor
Published: June 2022

The soil fauna of the tropics remains one of the least known components of the biosphere. Long-term monitoring of this fauna is hampered by the lack of taxonomic expertise and funding. These obstacles may potentially be lifted with DNA metabarcoding. To validate this approach, we studied the ants, springtails and termites of 100 paired soil samples from Barro Colorado Island, Panama. The fauna was extracted with Berlese-Tullgren funnels and then either sorted with traditional taxonomy and known, individual DNA barcodes (“traditional samples”) or processed with metabarcoding (“metabarcoding samples”). We detected 49 ant, 37 springtail and 34 termite species with 3.46 million reads of the COI gene, at a mean sequence length of 233 bp. Traditional identification yielded 80, 111 and 15 species of ants, springtails and termites, respectively; 98%, 37% and 100% of these species had a Barcode Index Number (BIN) allowing for direct comparison with metabarcoding. Ants were best surveyed through traditional methods, termites were better detected by metabarcoding, and springtails were equally well detected by both techniques. Species richness was underestimated, and faunal composition was different in metabarcoding samples, mostly because 37% of ant species were not detected. The prevalence of species in metabarcoding samples increased with their abundance in traditional samples, and seasonal shifts in species prevalence and faunal composition were similar between traditional and metabarcoding samples. Probable false positive and negative species records were reasonably low (13–18% of common species). We conclude that metabarcoding of samples extracted with Berlese-Tullgren funnels appear suitable for the long-term monitoring of termites and springtails in tropical rainforests. For ants, metabarcoding schemes should be complemented by additional samples of alates from Malaise or light traps.
Individual beliefs about temporal continuity explain variation of perceptual biases
Authors: Glasauer Stefan , Shi Zhuanghua
Published: June 2022

Perception of magnitudes such as duration or distance is often found to be systematically biased. The biases, which result from incorporating prior knowledge in the perceptual process, can vary considerably between individuals. The variations are commonly attributed to differences in sensory precision and reliance on priors. However, another factor not considered so far is the implicit belief about how successive sensory stimuli are generated: independently from each other or with certain temporal continuity. The main types of explanatory models proposed so far—static or iterative—mirror this distinction but cannot adequately explain individual biases. Here we propose a new unifying model that explains individual variation as combination of sensory precision and beliefs about temporal continuity and predicts the experimentally found changes in biases when altering temporal continuity. Thus, according to the model, individual differences in perception depend on beliefs about how stimuli are generated in the world.
Modeling manufacturing resources based on manufacturability features
Authors: Zhao Changlong , Ma Chen , Zhang Haifeng , Ma Zhenrong , Yang Junbao , Li Ming , Wang Xuxu , Lv Qiyin
Published: June 2022

Manufacturability evaluation is an effective way to shorten the development period, optimize manufacturing processes, and reduce product costs. The manufacturability of a product depends on the processing ability of specific manufacturing resources. The development of a manufacturing resources model serves as the foundation for manufacturability evaluation. To better utilize the information on manufacturing resources, this study adopted a hybrid approach by integrating the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm and the genetic algorithm to group manufacturing resources based on manufacturing and geometric features. The information model of manufacturing resources was built by using the object-oriented method. Subsequently, the framework to evaluate manufacturing capability based on manufacturing resources was defined. Further, an application sample was exploited and its results were analyzed. The results of the subgroup showed that the hybrid algorithm was reliable and valid and helped improve the overall performance of the company chosen for this study. The proposed approach enhanced feasibility in decision-making and facilitated the management to make more informed decisions.
A miniaturized 3D printed pressure regulator (µPR) for microfluidic cell culture applications
Authors: Hsu Meng-Chun , Mansouri Mehran , Ahamed Nuzhet N. N. , Larson Stephen M. , Joshi Indranil M. , Ahmed Adeel , Borkholder David A. , Abhyankar Vinay V.
Published: June 2022

Well-defined fluid flows are the hallmark feature of microfluidic culture systems and enable precise control over biophysical and biochemical cues at the cellular scale. Microfluidic flow control is generally achieved using displacement-based (e.g., syringe or peristaltic pumps) or pressure-controlled techniques that provide numerous perfusion options, including constant, ramped, and pulsed flows. However, it can be challenging to integrate these large form-factor devices and accompanying peripherals into incubators or other confined environments. In addition, microfluidic culture studies are primarily carried out under constant perfusion conditions and more complex flow capabilities are often unused. Thus, there is a need for a simplified flow control platform that provides standard perfusion capabilities and can be easily integrated into incubated environments. To this end, we introduce a tunable, 3D printed micro pressure regulator (µPR) and show that it can provide robust flow control capabilities when combined with a battery-powered miniature air pump to support microfluidic applications. We detail the design and fabrication of the µPR and: (i) demonstrate a tunable outlet pressure range relevant for microfluidic applications (1–10 kPa), (ii) highlight dynamic control capabilities in a microfluidic network, (iii) and maintain human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a multi-compartment culture device under continuous perfusion conditions. We anticipate that our 3D printed fabrication approach and open-access designs will enable customized µPRs that can support a broad range of microfluidic applications.
An Arboreal Marsupial as an Indicator of Forest Degradation
Authors: Fontúrbel Francisco E. , Orellana José I.
Published: June 2022

Land-use change is one of the main drivers of biodiversity loss worldwide, involving habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation processes. While fragmentation affects habitat quantity, degradation affects habitat quality. Therefore, forest degradation is critical for many animal species, but assessing its consequences is a challenging task as this process is affected by other confounding factors. Here we propose a practical framework for assessing forest degradation using an arboreal marsupial species as an indicator, but we can easily extrapolate it to other species with similar life-history traits. Dromiciops gliroides is a relict arboreal marsupial that inhabits the temperate rainforests of southern South America, playing a major role as a seed disperser. Despite its resilience, we know that its abundance, activity, and interaction rates with fleshy-fruited plants are affected by habitat degradation, making it an excellent environmental indicator. Our indicator proposal lies in two fundamental pillars: a theoretical framework of biological homogenization due to land-use change, and a practical framework based on camera-trap monitoring. We also propose to make data generated open access and feed a virtuous circle of information that continually improves our indicators.
The Physiological Ecology of the Enigmatic Colocolo Opossum, the Monito del Monte (genus Dromiciops), and Its Role as a Bioindicator of the Broadleaf Biome
Authors: Nespolo Roberto F. , Sáenz-Agudelo Pablo , Mejías Carlos , Quintero-Galvis Julian F. , Peña Isabella , Sabat Pablo , Sánchez-Hernández Juan Carlos , Gurovich Yamila
Published: June 2022

Physiological ecology explains why some physiological designs are so intimately associated with a given environment. Here we present the case of the monito del monte (Dromiciops gliroides), an arboreal marsupial adapted to the southernmost relict fragment of the broadleaf forest biome in South America. Dromiciops is considered the last living representative genus of the order Microbiotheria, whose ancestors are known to have colonized Australia through an Antarctic bridge in the Cretaceous (65 mya). These marsupials survive almost exclusively in well-grown, undisturbed broadleaf forests, where densities are high (10–20 ind per ha), compared with other sympatric mammals (e.g. rodents). However, monitos show the typical long breeding period of Australidelphians (∼3.5 months), small litter size (1–4 pups), long lactation (∼70 days), extended parental care (1 year), and long generation time (2 years). Here we posit that the ecological success of monitos is explained by Microbiotheriid autoecological adaptations to the ecological niche provided by the broadleaf forest biome, retained until today by Dromiciops. These marsupial adaptations maximized survival, rather than reproductive output; and are characterized by omnivory-frugivory, nocturnal-arboreal habits, and sociality with nestling behavior. In addition, the unique opportunistic hibernation capacity of this marsupial allows it to shut down its metabolism in times of low trophic supply, promoting the efficient use of energy during periods of scarcity. In summary, Dromiciops (and probably, Microbiotherians) exhibits an investment strategy in viability and survival, which promoted longevity in the arboreal, cold, and seasonal niche of the forest.
Heavy Metal Impacts: An Evaluation of Toxicological Concern in Stranded Odontocetes in Southern South America
Authors: Cáceres-Saez I. , Guevara S. Ribeiro
Published: June 2022

Heavy metals are ubiquitous elements of the Earth's crust. Due to their extensive use they are among the most common pollutants in marine ecosystems. Once in the aquatic system, heavy metals enter the food web and some are able to biomagnify, increasing concentrations in top predators. For animals located an the top of food webs, such as Odontocetes, they can reach extreme concentrations in their bodies and potentially constitute a toxicological threat. Stranding episodes provide opportunities to assess the occurrence and levels of pollutants in diverse tissues, including skin as a biomonitor organ. Here, tissular concentrations of heavy metals As, Ag, Cd and Hg in false killer whales are discussed. Studies have revealed a concerning amount of Hg and Ag in stranded specimens at the southern marine area of South America. The molar ratios of Se : Hg were assessed, aiding a potential protective effect of Se against Hg toxicity. The risks of As, Cd and Hg toxicities were evaluated by comparing measured concentrations with already known threshold benchmarks for marine mammals. The role of skin in marine mammals for pollution bioindication by analyzing biopsies extracted from living animals is discussed here with a focus on the use of this tissue as a proxy for free-range populations.
Reproductive and Teratogenic Effects of Pesticides on Great Apes (Hominidae)
Authors: Garcês A. , Pires I.
Published: June 2022

The industrialization of agriculture led to the use of chemical substances in order to increase the production of food for human and animal consumption. The overuse and misuse of pesticides have harmful effects on ecosystem health and ultimately on human health. Most often, these substances affect a great variety of species besides their target species. They can be transported through air and water, to areas far away from the region in which they were applied. These compounds are not biodegradable and have a prolonged half-life, occurring and causing effects even several years after application. It should also be considered that often the cause–effect assessment is not linear, which delays the implementation of measures that prohibit the use of determined substances. In this chapter we review the teratogenic effects and potential consequences of pesticides on the reproduction of great apes (Hominidae). As this species is at risk of extinction, pesticides can pose an additional threat to its survival, therefore there is an urgent need to know and study the effects of these substances in order to implement timely measures.
Mitochondria are involved in the combination of blueberry and apple peel extracts synergistically ameliorating the lifespan and oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Song Bingbing , Xia Wen , Li Tong , Liu Rui Hai
Published: June 2022

Mitochondrial function is closely related to the body's oxidative stress level and lifespan.
Prediction of atomic stress fields using cycle-consistent adversarial neural networks based on unpaired and unmatched sparse datasets
Authors: Buehler Markus J.
Published: June 2022

Deep learning holds great promise for applications in materials science, including the discovery of physical laws and materials design.
Construction of protein nanoparticles for targeted delivery of drugs to cancer cells
Authors: Kobatake Eiry , Ikeda Yusuke , Mie Masayasu
Published: June 2022

Protein nanoparticles are potentially valuable carriers for drug delivery, because they can be easily designed to perform various functions such as targeting to specific cells and penetration of cells and tissues.
Feather-like few-layer WSe2 nanosheets grown on W substrates: an excellent electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Li Yubao , Zhang Linjing , Xiao Jingchao , Zhang Wei
Published: June 2022

Few-layer WS2 or WSe2 nanosheets were grown on W substrates by CVD, and feather-like WSe2 delivered excellent performances as HER electrocatalyst in acid including low overpotential of 141 mV to yield 10 mA cm−2, outperforming other TMDs thin films.
A facile strategy for the growth of high-quality tungsten disulfide crystals mediated by oxygen-deficient oxide precursors
Authors: Miakota Denys I. , Unocic Raymond R. , Bertoldo Fabian , Ghimire Ganesh , Engberg Sara , Geohegan David , Thygesen Kristian S. , Canulescu Stela
Published: June 2022

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has been established as a versatile route for the large-scale synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenides, such as tungsten disulfide (WS2).
Building a flexible and applicable sodium ion full battery based on self-supporting large-scale CNT films intertwined with ultra-long cycling NiCo2S4
Authors: Li Ting , Xia Yaping , Wu Hao , Zhang Daohong , Xu Fei
Published: June 2022

Large-scale CNT films are prepared by a continuous method and used to fabricate a flexible high-capacity and long-cycling anode for sodium-ion batteries by in-situ growth of NiCo2S4 nanosheets anchored on the CNTs.
Structure and magnetization of a magnetoactive ferrocomposite
Authors: Radushnov Dmitriy I. , Solovyova Anna Yu. , Elfimova Ekaterina A.
Published: June 2022

This work is devoted to the theoretical study of the structural and magnetic properties of an ensemble of single-domain interacting magnetic nanoparticles immobilized in a non-magnetic medium.
Ultrasmall AgBiSe2 nanodots for CT/thermal imaging-guided photothermal tumor therapy in the NIR-II biowindow
Authors: Zhang Jingge , Ha Enna , Li Danyang , Wang Luyang , Hu Junqing
Published: June 2022

Narrow band gap AgBiSe2 nanodots exhibit rapid clean-up features in vivo using the CT/photothermal imaging-guided tumor therapy in the NIR-II biowindow.
Catalyst-free direct regiospecific multicomponent synthesis of C3-functionalized pyrroles
Authors: Pawar Amol Prakash , Yadav Jyothi , Dolas Atul Jankiram , Iype Eldhose , Rangan Krishnan , Kumar Indresh
Published: June 2022

A catalyst-free multicomponent method has been developed for the direct regiospecific synthesis of β-(C3)-substituted N-alkyl/aryl/H-pyrroles in good yields under mild conditions with high atom economy and avoiding protection–deprotection chemistry.
Catalyst-dependent chemoselective insertion of diazoalkanes into the N–H/C–H/O–H/C–O bonds of 2-hydroxybenzothiazoles
Authors: Jin Lvnan , Zhou Xuan , Zhao Yunbo , Guo Jing , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: June 2022

Chemoselective insertions of diazoalkanes into 2-hydroxybenzothiazoles are achieved using B(C6F5)3, Rh2(OAc)4 or TfOH as a catalyst, illustrating the complementary nature of Lewis acid, transition metal and Brønsted acid catalyses.
Recent advances in the transformations of different types of Stemona alkaloids
Authors: Shi Tao , Wang Xiaodong , Chen Jinhong , Cao Fei , Yin Gaofeng , Zeng Yao-Fu , Wang Zhen
Published: June 2022

Transformations among Stemona alkaloids with different ring systems have improved the synthetic efficiency toward diverse alkaloids. Recent advances in the transformations of different types of Stemona alkaloids were reviewed for the first time.
Engineering globins for efficient biodegradation of malachite green: two case studies of myoglobin and neuroglobin
Authors: Liu Jiao , Xu Jia-Kun , Yuan Hong , Wang Xiao-Juan , Gao Shu-Qin , Wen Ge-Bo , Tan Xiang-Shi , Lin Ying-Wu
Published: June 2022

Engineered globins such as H64D Mb and A15C/H64D Ngb were efficient in the degradation of malachite green, with activities much higher than those of some native enzymes.
Reinforcement of nanoporous lanthanum-doped zinc borate by vanadium selenide nanosheets for improved tribological activity
Authors: Singh Alok K. , Shukla Nivedita , Kavita  , Verma Dinesh K. , Kumar Bharat , Mandal K. D. , Rastogi Rashmi B.
Published: June 2022

Successful reinforcement of nanoporous lanthanum-doped zinc borate by vanadium selenide nanosheets and their utilization in Tribology has been described.
Revealing hydrogen spillover pathways in reducible metal oxides
Authors: Shun Kazuki , Mori Kohsuke , Masuda Shinya , Hashimoto Naoki , Hinuma Yoyo , Kobayashi Hisayoshi , Yamashita Hiromi
Published: June 2022

The hydrogen spillover pathway in typical reducible metal oxides, such as TiO2, CeO2, and WO3, was investigated by combining various in situ characterization techniques, kinetic analysis, and density functional theory calculations.
Single-molecule magnets beyond a single lanthanide ion: the art of coupling
Authors: Chen Yan-Cong , Tong Ming-Liang
Published: June 2022

In this Perspective, we draw a unified picture for single-molecule magnets as delicately coupled spin systems, discuss the hierarchical couplings (from intra-atomic to inter-molecular) and their distinctive impacts on the magnetic behaviours.
Uptake kinetics of spontaneously emulsified microdroplets at an air–liquid interface
Authors: Delance Léa , Veillon Charlotte , Passade-Boupat Nicolas , Lequeux François , Talini Laurence , Verneuil Emilie
Published: June 2022

Formation of a film at a freshly created interface with air of an oil-in-oil emulsion by droplet coalescence.
Resynthesis of Transmasculine Voices to Assess Gender Perception as a Function of Testosterone Therapy
Authors: Groll Matti D. , Dahl Kimberly L. , Cádiz Manuel Díaz , Welch Brett , Tracy Lauren F. , Stepp Cara E.
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

The goal of this study was to use speech resynthesis to investigate the effects of changes to individual acoustic features on speech-based gender perception of transmasculine voice samples following the onset of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with exogenous testosterone. We hypothesized that mean fundamental frequency (
f
o
) would have the largest effect on gender perception of any single acoustic feature.

Method:

Mean
f
o
,
f
o
contour, and formant frequencies were calculated for three pairs of transmasculine speech samples before and after HRT onset. Sixteen speech samples with unique combinations of these acoustic features from each pair of speech samples were resynthesized. Twenty young adult listeners evaluated each synthesized speech sample for gender perception and synthetic quality. Two analyses of variance were used to investigate the effects of acoustic features on gender perception and synthetic quality.

Results:

Of the three acoustic features, mean
f
o
was the only single feature that had a statistically significant effect on gender perception. Differences between the speech samples before and after HRT onset that were not captured by changes in
f
o
and formant frequencies also had a statistically significant effect on gender perception.

Conclusion:

In these transmasculine voice samples, mean
f
o
was the most important acoustic feature for voice masculinization as a result of HRT; future investigations in a larger number of transmasculine speakers and on the effects of behavioral therapy-based changes in concert with HRT is warranted.
Novel multi‐domain attention for abstractive summarisation
Authors: Qu Chunxia , Lu Ling , Wang Aijuan , Yang Wu , Chen Yinong
Published: June 2022

The existing abstractive text summarisation models only consider the word sequence correlations between the source document and the reference summary, and the summary generated by models lacks the cover of the subject of source document due to models' small perspective. In order to make up these disadvantages, a multi‐domain attention pointer (MDA‐Pointer) abstractive summarisation model is proposed in this work. First, the model uses bidirectional long short‐term memory to encode, respectively, the word and sentence sequence of source document for obtaining the semantic representations at word and sentence level. Furthermore, the multi‐domain attention mechanism between the semantic representations and the summary word is established, and the proposed model can generate summary words under the proposed attention mechanism based on the words and sentences. Then, the words are extracted from the vocabulary or the original word sequences through the pointer network to form the summary, and the coverage mechanism is introduced, respectively, into word and sentence level to reduce the redundancy of summary content. Finally, experiment validation is conducted on CNN/Daily Mail dataset. ROUGE evaluation indexes of the model without and with the coverage mechanism are improved respectively, and the results verify the validation of model proposed by this paper.
A uber‐airbnb mixture flexibility peer‐to‐peer market in integrated TSO‐DSO architecture
Authors: Shan Lanqing , Gu Chenghong , Li Furong
Published: June 2022

With the launch of global decarbonisation, the infiltration of low‐carbon distributed energy resources (DERs) is increasing. The future transaction platforms for those flexibilities are considered to be peer‐to‐peer (P2P) ones conforming to resources' characteristics of small‐scale and independence. This research reviews current flexibility‐related topics and proposes one P2P flexibility market filling in the gaps. The contribution of this research includes: (1) it constructs a flexibility market combining pricing strategy and matching strategy of the mature and successful real‐world P2P business models, accommodating the penetration of DERs. The proposed automatic trading market could mobilise the enthusiasm of market participants and satisfy individuals' needs for a convenient market. (2) it proposes a dynamic pricing strategy where prices fluctuate with the features and portfolios of market participants. More adequate market signals are provided with the promotion of market equity. (3) it discusses the segmentation tendency of the flexibility market when considering energy products as pure commodities following the disintegration from the transmission system operator to the distribution system operator. The feasibility of the proposed market under future energy scenarios is thus explored.
V1294 Aql = HD 184279: A bad boy among Be stars or an important clue to the Be phenomenon?
Authors: Harmanec P. , Božić H. , Koubský P. , Yang S. , Ruždjak D. , Sudar D. , Šlechta M. , Wolf M. , Korčáková D. , Zasche P. , Oplištilová A. , Vršnak D. , Ak H. , Eenens P. , Bakiş H. , Bakiş V. , Otero S. , Chini R. , Demsky T. , Barlow B.N. , Svoboda P. , Jonák J. , Vitovský K. , Harmanec A.
Published: June 2022

A reliable determination of the basic physical properties and variability patterns of hot emission-line stars is important for understanding the Be phenomenon and ultimately, the evolutionary stage of Be stars. This study is devoted to one of the most remarkable Be stars, V1294 Aql = HD 184279. We collected and analysed spectroscopic and photometric observations covering a time interval of about 25 000 d (68 yr). We present evidence that the object is a single-line 192.9 d spectroscopic binary and estimate that the secondary probably is a hot compact object with a mass of about 1.1–1.2 M⊙. We found and documented very complicated orbital and long-term spectral, light, and colour variations, which must arise from a combination of several distinct variability patterns. Attempts at modelling them are planned for a follow-up study. We place the time behaviour of V1294 Aql into context with variations known for some other systematically studied Be stars and discuss the current ideas about the nature of the Be phenomenon.
Examinating GPR based detection of defects in RC builds
Authors: Bachiri Tahar , Hamdaoui Mohammed , Alsharahi Gamil , Bezzazi Mohammed , Faize Ahmed
Published: June 2022

The Ground Penetrating Radar is a device which can be used for non-destructive inspection of civil engineering structures such as reinforced concrete buildings and bridges. Because of its ability to detect defects and provide reliable image of the substructure, it has attracted large interest from both practitioners and researchers in the field of health monitoring of vital structures. The objective of this work is to analyze detectability of defects in reinforced concrete structures by considering the presence of a defect which can attenuate GPR signals. Defects embedded in the structure can in fact cause significant changes in the intensity of the hyperbolic like reflection patterns generated by reinforcement bars. To assess this effect, a numerical simulation study of GPR data was conducted by using the GprMax software which is based on finite differences time domain method. The proposed approach has enabled to study the modification affecting the radargram due to the presence of a defect of finite size.
Centenaire de la découverte de l’effet Brillouin
Authors: Beugnot Jean-Charles , Djemia Philippe , Margueritat Jérémie
Published: June 2022

En 1922, Léon Brillouin publie seul et en français, dans les comptes rendus de physique un article sur la diffusion de la lumière par des ondes acoustiques d’origine thermique. Il démontre que ces ondes acoustiques induisent un décalage en fréquence de la lumière diffusée. L'invention des lasers a rendu cette diffusion très efficace et permis de nombreux développements technologiques et industriels en spectroscopie des matériaux, microscopie médicale, lasers et capteurs distribués à fibres optiques.
Améliorer la résolution de la microscopie optique de fluorescence
Authors: Sentenac Anne
Published: June 2022

La microscopie de fluorescence est un outil majeur, en particulier pour étudier le fonctionnement du vivant au niveau cellulaire, mais sa résolution est limitée à quelques centaines de nanomètres. Ces vingt dernières années, différentes techniques ont été proposées pour descendre la résolution sous la barre des 100 nm. Cet article essaie de présenter leurs principes de manière unifiée.
Effects of roof angle, inlet gap size and dryer height on temperature and relative humidity in a chimney-dependent solar crop dryer
Authors: Agyei-Agyemang Anthony , Obeng George Yaw , Afriyie John Kwasi , Asaaga Benjamin Atribawuni
Published: June 2022

A chimney dependent solar crop dryer (CDSCD) was developed and studied. Design of Experiment (DOE) was employed using statistical three level non randomized factorial experimental design in Minitab statistical software version 19.0. The study of effects of roof angle, inlet gap size and dryer height on dryer temperature revealed that the height at which the drying tray is positioned (A) and the inlet gap (C) influences the highest temperature difference, 30.4 °C. It was concluded that dryer temperature is high when the inlet gap is small (range of inlet area to exit area ratio of 1.8128:1 to 1.0877:1) and the maximum ratio of height of dryer to drying tray’s position is 2.18. Optimal values for achieving high temperature difference response greater than or equal to 32.6 °C are minimum roof height of 84 cm, inlet to outlet area ratio of 1.0877:1 and minimum roof angle of 81°. The effect of the three parameters on relative humidity revealed that the combined effect of roof angle and inlet gap (AB) attained the highest standardized effect of 6.6. The optimal values for achieving low dryer relative humidity (when loaded with 1 kg of cassava) were roof angle of 64°, inlet to outlet area ratio of 2.5379:1 and minimum time of 19 hours. This could serve as effective tool for comparing different designs of CDSCD dryers for optimum humidity and drying performances and be used to subsequently refine solar crop dryer design.
“Childfree” as a created image of a successful woman in context of her gender role in the modern world (based on modern TV-series)
Authors: Garaeva Elnara , Kalugina Diana , Sergeev Alexey
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the formation of the image of a successful woman by modern cinema, foreign and domestic TV series. Based on the study of the latter in conditions through sociological methods, the change in the gender role of women in the conditions of modern nonlinear transformations is considered, one of the manifestations of which is “childfree” - a rationally conscious, rather than sensually emotional rejection of the birth and upbringing of children. This choice is often determined by a woman’s desire to independently achieve certain professional heights, quality of life at the level of modern standards, to be beautiful and youthful. Such an image is gradually formed by modern Western, and, often, Russian cinema and advertising. These values also determine the reproductive strategies of modern youth, who, as the study showed, perceive children as an obstacle to self-realization. The “ideal woman” - strong, independent, beautiful in the view of modern Russian girls pushes into the background a woman-mother, a woman-mistress. According to the author of the study, the emotional perception of such an image of a successful woman, imposed by TV series, leads to a rational choice of a strategy of “non-parenthood” in real life.
New landmarks for the digital economy: on the relationship between economic complexity and material well-being
Authors: Afanasiev Mikhail
Published: June 2022

The results are obtained that develop the instrumental basis of the digital economy and the methodology for choosing priority areas of diversification. Estimates of the economic complexity of 80 Russian regions and 82 sectors of the economy were obtained. It is shown that regions with developed sectors of the extractive industry have relatively low estimates of economic complexity. According to the data of 2019, the regions are divided into two groups with high and low estimates of economic complexity. For each group, a significant relationship between estimates of the economic complexity of the regions and indicators of per capita income was revealed. The increment of the average per capita income as a result of the increase in the economic complexity of the region is estimated. Information about the impact of economic complexity on well-being is one of the possible forms of digital support for strategic decision-making. It can be used to set priorities in the implementation of regional development projects aimed at increasing the number of jobs in the region and increasing material well-being.
Using the Mathematica package in teaching mathematical disciplines
Authors: Grigoriev-Golubev Vladimir , Vasileva Natalia , Volodicheva Margarita
Published: June 2022

This article analyzes the capabilities of the Wolfram Mathematica computer system, examines the feasibility of using its tools in the study of mathematical disciplines. The authors propose and demonstrate by examples a methodology for building a training course based on the integration of the methods of the discipline being studied and their implementation in the Mathematica environment. The paper explores the practical significance of including the Mathematica toolkit in the training course, which makes it possible to mathematically model various processes in modern society, demonstrate the solution of mathematically complex problems using the built-in functions of the package, as well as provide visualization of analytically obtained solutions.
Digital technologies in the toponymy study
Authors: Serikova Samal , Baishukurova Gulnur
Published: June 2022

The article considers the possibilities of using electronic maps Google Maps, Apple Maps, and Yandex as key sources for searching and identifying geographical objects. In the era of digitalization, GIS technologies have become the most important tool for the study of toponyms. The purpose of the work is to identify and study the toponymy of Almaty by using a new approach, which is a popular and practical 2GIS electronic map. There are given the main results of the toponomination study which are characterizing their semantics and cultural components. The types of toponyms in Almaty were identified as oronyms, hydronyms, drimonims, urbanonyms, and symbolization, which is one of the ways to enrich the toponymic stock, is presented in detail. Toponymy-symbols serve as a substitution of names based on associations and references with stylized and figurative expressions. Among them, name-landmarks, name-classifiers, name-phytonyms, name-zoonyms, name-ideologemes, name-culturogems, and others have been selected.
Gender Affirming Laryngeal and Voice Surgery
Authors: Srivastava Rakesh
Published: June 2022

Gender affirmation laryngeal and voice surgeries are components of “voice-lift” or cosmetic voice surgeries. Feminization surgery can modify vocal folds (fundamental frequency [Fo]) and vocal tract (resonance frequency). For increased pitch, vocal folds should be shorter, thinner, and tighter. Cricothyroid approximation (CTA) surgery increases tension of the vocal folds. Endoscopic procedures for pitch raising are done by shortening the length and reducing mass of vocal folds. This shortening is achieved by surgically creating anterior glottic web. Comparing the results of various open and endoscopic surgical techniques, fundamental frequency (Fo) is raised maximally and remains stable after GL as compared with CTA.
Inodoro en cuclillas y caída de piedras: Causas inusuales de desgarros abiertos del tendón de Aquiles entre el grupo de edad pediátrica en la India rural
Authors: Sehgal Manik , Bhat Towseef Ahmad , Kaur Rubinder , Singh Sarvesh , Sandhu Gurjant Singh
Published: June 2022

Contexto Las lesiones aisladas del tendón de Aquiles (TA) rara vez se informan en el grupo de edad pediátrica. Hay pocos informes de casos de lesiones traumáticas del TA en niños. Los inodoros en cuclillas, también conocidos como inodoros indios, y las caídas de piedras desde las montañas hacen que tales lesiones sean razonablemente comunes en el norte de India.

Objetivo Identificar un patrón similar de desgarro del TA en el grupo de edad pediátrica por la utilización de inodoros en cuclillas y la caída de piedras.

Materiales y métodos Presentamos una serie de 13 pacientes en el grupo de edad entre 8 y 18 años que presentaron al nuestro hospital entre enero de 2019 y enero de 2021 con lesiones abiertas del TA. Todos los pacientes fueron intervenidos tras lavado y desbridamiento de la herida. Se brindó cobertura antibiótica inyectable estándar a todos. En el análisis estadístico, los valores fueron expresados como medias y medianas.

Resultados En 10 de los 13 pacientes, las lesiones fueron causadas por los inodoros indios, y los 3 restantes tuvieron lesiones inducidas por caídas de piedras. Un total de 2 pacientes tuvieron complicaciones postoperatorias de la herida, y un paciente necesitó cobertura con colgajos. Todos los pacientes evolucionaron bien al final del seguimiento.

Conclusión El objetivo principal del estudio fue mostrar las causas inusuales de una lesión raramente reportada en el grupo de edad pediátrica. Observamos que las rupturas abiertas del TA son razonablemente comunes en niños en nuestra región en comparación con el resto del mundo. Los inodoros indios pueden reemplazarse por otros occidentales, o modificarse con una superficie menos resbaladiza para evitar este tipo de lesiones en niños.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hearing Loss: Is There Any Correlation?
Authors: Chauhan Pankaj , Guleria Trilok Chand , Sharma Sunil , Minhas Ravinder S. , Dadwal Madhuri , Mohindroo Narender K.
Published: June 2022

Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a breathing disorder related to sleep that has a negative effect on the behavior and health of people around the globe. Chronic hypoxemia and variations in the concentration of oxygen in the blood noticed in OSA individuals may have adverse effects on the process of auditory transduction and transmission.

Objective To assess the effect of OSA on hearing and to find out the parameters that have more influence on hearing recorded during polysomnography of patients with OSA.

Methods The present is a hospital-based, observational, analytical, cross-sectional study conducted over a period of one year. After application of the exclusion criteria, the patients were then submitted to the application of the Berlin questionnaire, as well as polysomnography, impedance, and pure tone audiometry (PTA).

Results A total of 58 individuals were studied. Age, gender, and height were comparable among cases and controls, while weight, body mass index (BMI), and neck circumference were significantly higher in cases in comparison to controls. The mean PTA was significantly higher at 10 kHz or higher frequencies in cases in comparison to controls.

Conclusion We observed that there is evidence that the auditory mechanism is affected in OSA patients. We recommend early auditory screening of OSA patients for timely diagnosis and to raise awareness about its prevention.
Virtual tree, real impact: how simulated worlds associate with the perception of limited resources
Authors: Ho Manh-Toan , Nguyen Thanh-Huyen T. , Nguyen Minh-Hoang , La Viet-Phuong , Vuong Quan-Hoang
Published: June 2022

Video games have long been considered an effective educational tool. Environmental education studies have found that games positively affect the feeling of nature connectedness, producing pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors. With growing urbanization, video games also provide chances to interact with nature. During the COVID-19 lockdown, Nintendo’s Animal Crossing: New Horizon (ACNH) became a household name, with millions of copies sold worldwide. The article used the Bayesian multilevel model to analyze 640 survey responses of ACNH game players from various online communities. The correlations between the perception of limited resources and virtual planting and exploiting behaviors with the varying effect among ethnicities were explored. The findings suggested positive correlations between the perception and in-game actions among all ethnicities, regardless of whether the actions are planting or exploiting. While further evidence is needed, the findings suggest the restraints of game mechanics. To foster a pro-environmental culture, stakeholders can consider video games a novel technological aid to environmental education.
The role of iconic practice in Bruno’s gnoseology
Authors: Wang Zheng
Published: June 2022

The iconic praxis plays a vital role in Giordano Bruno’s gnoseological process. Bruno considers the image to be both sensitive and intelligible according to its faculty of Phantasia, which traditionally is condemned as the umbra (shadow) or false reflection of the idea. Through the cognitive practice in the art of memory, Bruno’s shadows symbolically take on those iconic forms and the mental schemas, and then the mnemotechnic shadows become a psychological vehicle, which can raise the human gradually up to the Divine glow. The theological rhythm of ascent and descent is also related to the operations of natural magic that can exert sympathetic links between the micro and the macrocosms. Hence the function of Bruno’s illustrations does not lie in the mechanical interpretation but depends on the private experience of the people who practice them. By means of the interior contractio (contraction) of the soul, Bruno is able to collect the celestial influences with his theurgic xylographs, which make him unique among the Renaissance and early modern philosophers.
Virtual Velocity Framework Increases Navigation Accuracy in Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
Authors: Frank Jodi Ackerman
Published: June 2022

Method added to Kalman filtering to detect navigation errors more efficiently
A home-made portable device based on Arduino Uno for pulsed magnetic resonance of NV centers in diamond
Authors: Mariani G. , Umemoto A. , Nomura S.
Published: June 2022

We describe the realization of a homemade and portable setup to perform experiments of pulsed magnetic resonance of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds. The system is fully implemented by using an Arduino Uno board equipped with an AVR microcontroller that is used as a transistor-transistor logic pulse sequencer to drive precise laser and microwave pulses with a resolution of 62.5 ns. The equipment is assembled with low-cost modules on a printed circuit board and placed in a compact box with a volume of 20 × 40 × 10 cm3. The detection system is based on a switched integrator and a photodiode in the vicinity of a diamond substrate and read by oversampling the analog-to-digital converter of Arduino Uno. We characterize a CVD diamond sample by performing the pulsed optically detected magnetic resonance and we show the possibility to perform a coherent manipulation of the electron spin of NV centers by driving Rabi oscillations up to 6 MHz with microwave powers within 1 W. We demonstrate different pulse sequences to study electron spin relaxation and dephasing. Finally, we propose additional modules and an antenna to perform the multifrequency manipulation of the electron spin by microwave and radio-frequency pulses. Compared to the previous studies, our system results in a low-cost setup with significantly reduced complexity, which finds application as a learning module for science education and enables a wider audience to access the magnetic resonance in diamond.
The rise of 2D materials/ferroelectrics for next generation photonics and optoelectronics devices
Authors: Jin Linghua , Wang Huide , Cao Rui , Khan Karim , Tareen Ayesha Khan , Wageh Swelm , Al-Ghamdi Ahmed A. , Li Shaojuan , Li Dabing , Zhang Ye , Zhang Han
Published: June 2022

Photonic and optoelectronic devices have been limited in most two-dimensional (2D) materials. Researchers have attempted diverse device structures, such as introducing some ferroelectric materials to form new hybrid materials that could improve the performance of these 2D devices. Ferroelectrics might adjust the carrier concentration, mobility, and bandgap of 2D materials to achieve non-volatile control of the photonic and optoelectronic properties. On the other hand, ferroelectrics have a spontaneous electric polarization that occurs below the Curie temperature and reverses under an applied electric field. The polarization can be modulated via incident light, while the light wavelengths can be tuned through switching the electric polarization. This could improve the performance of 2D photonic and optoelectronic devices. We believe that 2D materials, as an emerging member of 2D/ferroelectric hybrid materials, will have great potential in photonics and optoelectronics thanks to their tunable bandgap. Here, we provide a perspective of ferroelectrics on 2D materials for photonics and optoelectronics. We discuss the concept of ferroelectrics and their fundamentals and then present their unique advantages in optoelectronic devices.