bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Properties of Thiol-Ene UV-Curable Fluorinated Emulsion
Authors: Hu Xiu Zhen , Cheng Hua Yun , Deng Wen Hua , Fu Chang Qing
Published: June 2014

Single electron transfer living radical emulsion polymerization (SET-LRP) of allyl methacrylate (AMA) coupled with 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFBA) was investigated in the presence of Cu(0)/N,N,N’,N’’,N’’-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) as catalyst and ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate (EBiB) as initiator. Solid content of the emulsion and the amount of the catalyst, initiator and emulsifier were discussed for the optimal reaction conditions. Then, the emulsion was combined with thiol capped polyurethane (SHPU) under UV to form the UV curable fluorinated films. Mechanical properties and contact angle of the UV cured films were studied.
Dynamic Load Calculation of Mining Shovel Crowding System
Authors: Lin Gui Yu , Li Jie , Lian Jin Hua , Zhao Jun
Published: June 2014

To highlight the main factors, only the crowding shaft was taken as elastic component, while the other crowding system parts, such as girth, driving shaft and swing arm were taken as rigid components; the effects of damping were ignored; the dynamical model of excavator’s crowding system was simplified to a two degree of freedom model; mathematical and mechanical models were derived by Lagrange equation method; the locked rotor condition, when the bucket rod was perpendicular to the boom, was used as the calculation condition; the calculated dynamic load coefficient of the crowding system was compared with that in multi degree of freedom model and the result shows: to simplify calculation, it is practicable to replace multi degree of freedom models with two degree of freedom models in the preliminary design stage.
Experimental Study of the Spray Characteristics of n-Butanol/Diesel Blends
Authors: Wu Jian , Zhu Li Li , Wang Zhan Cheng , Xu Bin , Wang Hong Ming
Published: June 2014

we studied the spray characteristics of n-butanol/diesel fuel blends using a high-speed camera and schlieren system, and analyzed the effect of different fuels, ambient pressure and injection pressure conditions on the spray penetration, spray cone angle, spray area, et al. The results showed that, at the same injection pressure, as the increase of ambient pressure, the spray cone angle of the same volume of fuel increases gradually, the spray penetration and the spray area decreases; under the same ambient pressure, the spray penetration, spray cone angle and spray area increase gradually with the increasing injection pressure, but when the injection pressure increases enough, the parameters are roughly the same; and the parameters basically all increase with the adding of n-butanol.
Study on the Produce Process and Electrical Resistivity of Carbon Fiber Conductive Concrete
Authors: Ding Ting , Liu Yan
Published: June 2014

This paper studied the produce process of carbon fiber concrete and the workability of carbon fiber conductive concrete (CFCC) by changing the fiber content as well. Based on a proper process, the electrical resistivity of CFCC in different CF continents was discussed and the percolation threshold was obtained.
Study of Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Gasoline Engine with Miller Cycle
Authors: Wu Jian , Fan Wei , Hua Yang , Li Yun Long , Zhang Shao Zhe , Pei Yi Qiang
Published: June 2014

On the basis of original engine, high compression ratio miller cycle can be realized, through perfecting the inlet cam profile, using higher geometry compression ratio, combining VVT control technology. The results indicate that the miller cycle achieved by VVT control technology can reduce pumping loss, and improve the effect utilization of energy. The combustion heat release rate is lower than the original engine, and combustion heat release are mainly concentrated on TDC later, lower the burning temperature. Compared with the original engine, NOX emissions decrease significantly, but CO and HC emissions increase somewhat.
Research of Turbine Model Accuracy Based on Actual Data
Authors: Jin Ge , Liu Shu Chang , Cai Ding
Published: June 2014

In the present power system stability analysis, BPA model for turbine and governor is commonly used. It simplifies the actual turbine system to a large extent, therefore the model simulation results may deviate from the actual conditions. In order to improve the actual data simulation accuracy, this paper compared the real and simulation data of power, high pressure cylinder (HPC) exhaust pressure and reheat pressure. Then calibrated and optimized the established model using the data of field operation. Meanwhile, the model modified method using actual data is given and guidance of parameters tests is offered.
The Effects of Magnetic Field on Micro-Arc Oxidation Ceramic Coating on Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Zhao Jun , Xi Jian Jun , Wang Zhi Gang , Zhao Chun Ping
Published: June 2014

Ceramic coatings were prepared on ZM5 magnetism substrate by micro-arc oxidation method with and without magnetism filed in silicate electrolyte. The morphology of the MAO coatings was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The friction coefficient of the MAO coatings prepared with magnetism is about 0.2 and more stable than the coatings prepared without magnetism. The polarization test indicated that the coating prepared with magnetism has better corrosion resistance.
Real-Time Diagnosis of Slide Valve and Oil Servomotor’s Jam Faults Based on Strong Tracking Filter
Authors: Feng Yong Xin , Cai Sun , Cai Ding , Song Chong Ming
Published: June 2014

Jam fault occurs most times in the hydraulic servo system, and is the one of the factors that mainly influences the reliability of the system. For parallel-operated turbine, the jam faults of regulating system are elusive and fatal. In order to monitor operation condition and improve the reliability of the system online, the model of jam fault had been built, the sizes of the dead zones which describe jam fault had been viewed as unmeasured parameters, which avoided the model uncertainty brought by the linearization of nonlinear system, and strong tracking filter had been used to estimate unmeasured parameter. Simulation and experimental results verified that, this technique could accurately, synchronously estimate respective degrees of jam faults of slide valve and pilot valve online whether in daily operation or moving test.
Research of the Adaptation of Turbine Model Related to the Grid
Authors: Jin Ge , Liu Shu Chang , Ma Yu Jia
Published: June 2014

With the rapid development of China's interconnected power grid, power system operation environment has become increasingly complex. The safety and stability of the power system requirements are also increasing. Turbine is an important basis for the analysis of power system stability. This paper studied the influence of turbine parameters related to network on the stability of the grid from the perspective of the frequency domain, and obtained the impact properties of turbine speed control system parameters related to different oscillation frequency of the power system. The conclusions are validated from time domain. So that when analyzing the stability of the power system, a more targeted turbine model according to different research purposes can be chosen because the parameters’ importance can show the necessity of the modules.
An Experimental Investigation of Cavitating Flow in Diesel Injector Nozzle under Different Back Pressures
Authors: Tao Xi Cheng , He Zhi Xia , Zhao Peng , Zhong Wen Jun , Guo Gen Miao
Published: June 2014

A study was carried out on the influence of different back pressures on internal flow of diesel injector nozzles. For this study, a flow visualization experimental system equipped with a pressurized chamber was setup. Experimental results show that, with the injection pressure remain constant and increase back pressure leading to the cavitation area diminished gradually and even disappeared. With a same pressure difference, higher back pressure test condition promoted the outlet mean velocity and inhibited the occurrence of cavitation inception, which demanded a larger pressure difference to make it happen. Moreover, it also resulted in a relatively large flow losses to the single phase flow compared to the cavitating flow.
Preparation and Properties of Organosilicon-Modified Epoxy Esters Resin
Authors: Hu Xiao Jun , Chen Ya Nan , Bian Qing , Chen Ming , Qin Wen , Feng Jing
Published: June 2014

Organosilicon-modified epoxy esters resin was successfully prepared by solution polymerization and the effect of content of silica sol and silane coupling agent (KH560) on the resistance to water, acid, alkali and film dry, the polymerization mechanism, structure were studied, respectively. The results showed that: compared with the properties of resistance to water, acid, alkali and film dry of pure epoxy esters resin, to some extent, those of organosilicon-modified epoxy esters resin had been improved a lot. The properties of resistance to water, acid, alkali and aging increased at first and then changed little with the increase of the content of organosilicon. Especially, the comprehensive performance of composite resin was relatively excellent when the content of silica sol and KH560 was 10%, respectively. Keywords: Organosilicon; epoxy esters resin; silane coupling agent; solution polymerization
Supplied Demand Technique for Power System Balance Reliability Calculations
Authors: Oboskalov Vladislav Petrovich , Kirpikova Irina Lvovna , Matugova Stanislava , Gusev Sergey Aleksandrovich
Published: June 2014

This paper presents an iterative power system balance reliability calculating technique ensuring better convergence and faster calculations. The technique is called "supplied demand". Nodal power imbalance is considered as the primary stochastic value under analysis. An analytical solution does not contain probability density functions. It results in faster calculations. Results were verified by Monte Carlo Simulation and showed high accuracy of the technique.
Discussion on Price Settlement Policy Influence on the PV Power Generation Business Model
Authors: Cai Hong Zhuan , Li Xiao Hui
Published: June 2014

To support the development of the PV industry, the China National Energy Bureau has issued some policies to stimulate the domestic PV market consumption, such as the “Golden Sun Demonstration Project”, “Building Integrated PV” policy. But these policies have some great vulnerability. Many developed countries, such as Germany, Japan, USA; they have some mature PV price settlement policies, such as Feed-in Tariff, Net Metering and Self-Consumption. Therefore, according to the needs of domestic situation, China National Energy Bureau needs to refer to those developed countries’ mature PV price settlement policies to formulate a PV price settlement policy. This policy must suit China PV market. And this policy should guide the development of domestic PV market correctly. Herein, I put forward some recommendations to improve our PV price settlement policy.
Analysis of Financing Difficulties in Chinese PV Industry
Authors: Wang Yi Feng
Published: June 2014

As China domestic photovoltaic (PV) policy forms a closed loop; PV subsidy, grid-connected and other issues have been solving gradually, PV financing problem, which becomes the greatest bottleneck of Chinese PV industry to restrict its development, is highlighted increasingly. In this paper, based on analyzing the current PV financing situation, we discuss the reasons for PV financing difficulties, and put forward some suggestions to help to solve it.
Research on Applying SDN Technology to Electric Power Data Center
Authors: Di Jian , Liu Bi Dan
Published: June 2014

In order to meet the developing demand of the new generation of data center, and to better satisfy the need of the smart grid, we introduce the OpenFlow-based SDN technology to electric power data center. Because there are many switches in electric power data center, it requires the use of a distributed multi-controller to manage, however there is currently no mechanism for these controllers to cooperate with the each other. Based on these questions this paper presents a collaborative model for multi-domains OpenFlow networks, which allows different network domains to collaborate with each other in an efficient way.
Glass Forming Ability and Crystallization Kinetics of Al-Mg-Ni-La Metallic Glasses
Authors: Mu Juan , Zhang Hai Feng
Published: June 2014

Glass forming ability and crystallization kinetics of Al-Mg-Ni-La alloys have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The maximum thickness achievable in glasses of Al76Mg11Ni8La5and Al69Mg18Ni8La5ribbons were 200 and 120 μm, respectively. The crystallization temperature and peak temperature indicated by DSC measurements displayed dependence on the heating rate during continuous heating, and were coincident with Lanoka’s relationship. The activation energies for the crystallization reactionExwere obtained from the Kissinger’s equation. The results show the Mg addition is beneficial to the thermal stability of the amorphous phase.
Effect of Cordierite-Modified on SCR Commercial Catalyst
Authors: Xi Wen Chang , Liu Qing Cai , Niu De Liang , Yang Jian , Yang Qiang , Peng Yuan , Zhou Xiao Yan , Zhang He Kun , Yan Hong
Published: June 2014

The V2O5-WO3/TiO2honeycomb catalysts with cordierite modified were prepared by solid-liquid mixing method. Its thermal stability, crystal structure, abrasion resistance and activity were studied by XRD, abrasion equipment and simulated flue gas analyzer,respectively. The results indicated that V2O5-WO3/Cordierite-TiO2honeycomb catalyst possessed a better thermal stability, mechanical property and activity at the higher temperature comparing to commercial catalyst. There was no rutile phase present after the catalysts were calcined at 700°C, and the vanadia and tungsten trioxide phases could be apparently visible on TiO2. Key word:V2O5-WO3/ TiO2; Cordierite; flue gas denitrification; NOx; selective catalytic reduction (SCR)
Chemical Composition Characteristics of Calcite in Gold and Silver Deposits in Jiaodong Peninsula, China
Authors: Tong Jing Gui , Yan Yu Tong , Zhang Na
Published: June 2014

The largest gold district in China is the Jiaodong Peninsula. This study is based on chemical composition characteristics of calcite from gold deposits in Jiaodong. In this paper, a new formula was proposed to character the chemical composition characteristics of calcite in gold and silver deposits. The results showed that the chemical composition characteristics of calcite between gold and silver deposits were of great difference. And each data focused in each area. The spots of gold deposits located in the area of riched CO2 areas. But the spots of silver deposits located in the area of riched CaO areas. The reason of these differences was mainly resulted from each different ore-forming condition.
Study of Hydrophobic Coating over Various Substrates Using an Industrial Coating-Bar Technique
Authors: Hsu Chin Lin , Jou Shyankay , Chuang Ying Ji , Lin Ching Yuan
Published: June 2014

Si Wafer, pre-weathered TiZn alloy (TiZn-P), Aluminum (Al), and hot-dipped galvalume steel (G.L.) are chosen in this work for the study of hydrophobic coating to various substrates. Various amounts of TS-720 hydrophobic nanoparticles were mixed into ITRI hydrophobic agent (H.A.), and this mixture liquid was applied onto different material surfaces by using a coating bar technique. High contact angle near 140oare achieved in all samples with 2.5 wt% TS-720 in ITRI H.A. mixture.
Research on Changes of Chemical Compositions in the Simulation of Shark Fin Processing
Authors: Zhang Xiong , Duan Zhen Hua , Feng Yi Wei
Published: June 2014

The aim of this study is to investigate the changes of chemical compositions in the process of simulation shark fin. The simulation shark fin was produced by tilapia fishtail; whose main chemical compositions were collagen and chondroitin sulfate (CS). The study indicated that both of them had different change trend in the process of simulation. The process of softening had main effect on the content of collagen, the higher of ice acetic acid concentration, the lower of the level of collagen. The content of CS was related to the process of obtaining wings, and the high temperature would induce a reduction of CS. The content of collagen and CS could be maintained efficiently by improving the processing technology of simulation shark fin.
Synthesis and Characterization of Crosslinking Etherification Bagasse Xylan
Authors: Luo Zu Tie , Li He Ping
Published: June 2014

The bagasse xylan is a polysaccharide that occurs in nature in enormous amount in various one year-and perennial plants. Versatile ways to generate bio-based functional polymers result from the chemical modification of this biopolymer. The crosslinking etherification bagasse xylan (CEBX) has been synthesized by using aqueous solution polymerization method. It implies the use of sodium hydroxide, chloroacetic acid as a carboxymethylating agent and epichlorohydrin as crosslinking agent. The DS values of Carboxymethylated xylan up to 0.59 can be controlled by adjusting the molar ratio in a two step syntheses. Crosslinking etherification bagasse xylan are water soluble at a DS of 0.3. The result showed that the final product had excellent surface activity. IR spectrometry were applied to characterize the carboxymethyl xylans in detail, and revealed characteristic absorption peaks at 1600, 1426 and 1324cm−1.
Experimental Research on Preparation of SiN Films by Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Zhang Zai Yu , Yang Jian Jun , Wu Yan Hui
Published: June 2014

In this paper, the SiN film was deposited on Si wafer, and the deposition rate of the SiN film was discussed with different parameters such as the sputtering power, deposition temperature, deposition pressure and ratio of N2/(N2+Ar). The result showed that the optimal parameter for SiN film were 60W, 300°C, 2.5% and 1Pa, respectively.
Selective Hydrogenation of p-Chloronitrobenzene Catalyzed by FexOY@C Supported Pt-Catalyst
Authors: Wu Jie , Fan Guang Yin , Huang Wen Jun
Published: June 2014

FexOy@C nanocomposites were synthesized and used as carriers for depositing Pt nanoparticles. Catalytic properties of the nanocomposites were investigated for the hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene at room temperature and balloon hydrogen pressure. The catalyst Pt/FexOy@C was extremely active for the hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene. Completely conversion of p-chloronitrobenzene was achieved with a selectivity of 99.7 % in ethanol-water mixture in a reaction time of 40 min. Moreover, it can be reused four times without loss of any activity.
Effect of Compatilizers on Morphology and Properties of Natural Rubber/Polyvinyl Alcohol (NR/PVA) Blends
Authors: Chen Ke , Wang Rui
Published: June 2014

The natural rubber/polyvinyl alcohol (NR/PVA) blends containing various compatilizers grafted from NR were prepared using latex compounding techniques. The effects of various compatilizers on the morphology, mechanical properties and thermal behaviors were studied. The interface compatible performance of the blends were greatly improved with the presence of the compatilizers, and the phase dispertion of the blends achieved the best effect under the action of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). The onset temperature of the thermal decomposition of ENR and graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto NR (NR-g-PMMA) increased obviously, but the maleic anhydride grafted onto NR (NR-g-MAH) drop obviously comparing to that of NR. The thermal stability of the blends were inferior to NR. With the presence of ENR, the tensile strength and elongation at break obtained great value which was ascribed the presence of the best phase dispertion, while the tear strength and shore A hardness obtained great value due to the addition of MAH-g-NR.
Preparation of the Scales Material Adsorption EGCG
Authors: Duan Zhou Wei , Dou Zhi Hao , Xie Hui , He Ai , Wan Zhu Ning
Published: June 2014

Tilapia scale was used as the raw material to explore the preparation methods of EGCG adsorption material. Based on the results, the most reasonable interpretation of the data indicates that the EGCG adsorption material preparation process was as follows, particle size 0.30-0.45 mm , preparation temperature 110°C,pH 7 , solid to liquid ratio (g/mL) 1:6, time 20 min . Under this condition, the adsorption capacity of EGCG was 23.53mg/g.
Computer Simulation of Helium Adsorption in Argon Frost at Low Temperature
Authors: Tang Jian Cheng , Xiong Lian You , Dong Bin
Published: June 2014

Fusion reactors require high-speed pumping of helium, deuterium and tritium while maintaining the inventory of tritium in the pumps at a low level. Cryopumping is potentially the most attractive method for this task. Cryosorption pump using rare-gas as sorbent is a good choice to satisfy the reactors for its special characters. Although a large number of works have been published in recent years on the properties of cryosorption pump using rare-gas as sorbent, it is hard to understand the behavior of fluid in a frost layer due to expensive and strict experiment conditions. Molecular modeling provides a convenient way to understand the principle of adsorption procedure in microscopic view. This paper applies the Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation method to study the adsorption behavior of Helium in argon frost. The HFD-B (HE) Aziz potential is used for the description of the interaction between two helium molecules. The adsorption behavior of helium in slit pore at T=4.3 K, 5 K, 6 K and 7 K is simulated. The simulation results show that the adsorption capacity increased rapidly as the bulk pressure smaller than 0.01 Pa, and the slop becomes slowly as pressure raised. The adsorption capacity is over 50% higher at lower temperature. The adsorption behavior agrees very well with experimental data in the public literature. The results show in this paper could be a guide for cryogenic workers to design cryosorption pump system. It is also provided a convenient method to predict the real adsorption procedure.
A Thermodynamic Analysis of the Fuel Synthesis System with CO2 Direct Captured from Atmosphere
Authors: Wang Tao , Ge Kun , Liu Jun , Fang Meng Xiang
Published: June 2014

Hydrocarbon fuel synthesis with renewable energy and captured CO2is a promising option for CCU and an important approach to sustainable energy. Like photosynthesis of plants, the technology of CO2direct captured from atmosphere with CO2utilization would close the carbon cycle thoroughly. Because of the dilute CO2in the atmosphere, the air capture process faces the challenge of high energy penalty. However, integrated with fuel synthesis process, the air capture process can take advantage of the waste heat produced by syngas production process and the transportation of CO2can also be avoided. In this study, a thermodynamic model of the fuel synthesis system is built through energy and exergy analysis. The thermodynamic contribution of three typical CO2capture technologies, moisture swing air capture, high-temperature swing air capture and traditional amine-based flue gas capture, is studied using the model built. Furthermore, by the sensitivity analysis of the critical parameters of the capture, electrolysis and heat exchange process, the influence of each process on the performance of fuel synthesis system is examined and the approach to improve the efficiency of the total system is proposed.
Heat Transfer Characteristics of MEPCMS in Turbulent Flow: A Review
Authors: He Mei , Qiu Zhong Zhu , Zhang Pan
Published: June 2014

This article mainly makes a brief introduction about Microencapsulated Phase Change Material Slurries(MEPCMS) and its preparations ，the research status and several correlations of heat transfer in turbulent flow of MEPCMS is also listed.The influencing factors of turbulent heat transfer are mainly the degree of turbulence, the mass fraction and wall heating rate,particle size effects weakly. Several heat transfer correlations under different degrees of turbulence are also presented.
Research of Dirt Growth Pattern Based on the Different Heat Exchanger Pipe
Authors: Bai Li , Liu Tan
Published: June 2014

This experiment wastewater treatment plant set up a device of researching different periods of dirt on the different heat exchanger tubes. The moisture test of dirt were derived from tubes of different materials (copper alloy tube, stainless steel pipe, polyethylene-aluminum composite pipe) is between 92.50% and 96.70%, This shows that the quality of per unit area of dry dirt to describe variation is feasible. The induction period of dirt on the copper alloy is between the 0d and 35d, the growth cycle is longer. In the mature period, the quality of per unit area of dry dirt is 2.031 mg/cm2. The induction period of dirt on the stainless steel is between the 0d and 20d, the growth cycle is shorter. In the mature period, the quality of per unit area of dry dirt is 2.627 mg / cm2. The induction period of dirt on the polyethylene-aluminum composite pipe is between the 0d and 35d, the growth cycle is shorter. In the mature period, the quality of per unit area of dry dirt is 2.863 mg/cm2.
Operational Efficiency Evaluation of Cogeneration Central Heating System Based on Improved Matter-Element Model in North China
Authors: Ren Feng
Published: June 2014

In order to assess the operational efficiency of cogeneration heating system and measure the systems social, economic, energy-saving and environmental protection benefits in North China, an evaluation index system is built up after analyzing the influence factors which may impact the heating system operation. The association degree function of classical matter element method is improved. And then, an improved matter-element evaluation model is established, which not only can figure out the evaluation grade that heating system belongs to, but also can point out the direction of the further improvement work. Besides, the model has other merits, such as uncomplicated operation, good scalability and so on. Example indicates that this evaluation model has excellent applicability and operability.
Non-Pressure Heater Utilization on Low-Capacity Industrial Boiler
Authors: Li Guang Hua , Yang Qun Feng
Published: June 2014

A new non-pressure waste heat recycling system was designed and arranged on KHSS0.5-0.7-AⅡ industrial coal-fired boiler to decrease the exhausted gas temperature about 35°C, improve the boiler efficiency about 3.2%. Results showed that this system can avoid low-temperature sulfur corrosion and operate in normal and intermittent water supply condition safely and economically.
Optimized Operation of Boiler
Authors: Liu Chang
Published: June 2014

This paper studies the problem of optimal operation of 300MW boiler. We combine the actual situation of the device and the theory of heat together, and improve the operating efficiency of the boiler through adjustment of device parameters, thus improving the economic benefit of thermal power plants. Firstly, according to coal characteristics and the theory of heat, we establish an improved utility model to calculate the heat loss of exhaust - gas, chemical incomplete combustion heat loss and heat loss of mechanical incomplete combusting. Then, we use fitting and interpolation, which is always applied to problems of Discrete Mathematical Statistics, to analyze discrete form of experiment data record, and give the relationship between 300MW boiler efficiency and excess air coefficient, which leads us to a new way to ascertain optimal excess air coefficient. And then, we use Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Correlative Analysis (CA) to study the affection of operation parameters on boiler efficiency. Finally, we combine local optimization with global optimization, and establish an optimal operational model.
ORC System Development Using Diesel Engine Waste Heat
Authors: Dong Jun Qi , Wang Jiang Zhang , Zhang Rong You
Published: June 2014

Based on the waste heat characteristics of the coolant and exhaust gas from diesel engine, the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) commercial plant had been developed. The working fluid was the R245fa, and the plate type heat exchangers were used as the condenser and evaporator in the ORC systems. The performance of condenser and evaporator had been simulated and developed using the effective-NTU method. Using the engine jacket coolant as the heating media, the coolant absorbs the waste heat from the exhaust gas and engine cylinders. The ORC system and engine can stably run for a long time without frequent control acting. The ORC systems can bring the 14.6 kw electric energy in the stable condition. The efficiency based on the first law of thermodynamics is 7.2%; complete generating efficiency is 6.25%.
Coal and Wood Chips Co-Pyrolysis Study
Authors: Wang Qi Min , Wang Hao , Hao Jia , Guo Shuo
Published: June 2014

As a clean, renewable energy, rational use of biomss can effectively solve the problem of energy shortage and environmental pollution. Co-combustion and Co-gasification of biomass and coal are important ways of biomass utilization. Co-pyrolysis reaction is one of the most important processes in the co-combustion and co-gasification. In order to study the different mix ways of coal and wood chips affections on the co-pyrolysis process, TGA was used to study the co-pyrolysis characters of wood chips and coal mixed by different methods with mass ratio 1:1. it is founded out that there is certain interaction between wood chips and coal by the comparison of TGA curves and calculation curves. There is promoting affection at the high temperature if wood chips and coal had been mixed up. There is inhibiting affection if wood chips and coal are tiering distributed.
Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer of Liquefied Natural Gas in Horizontal Circular Tubes under Supercritical Pressure
Authors: Meng Hai Yu , Wang Shu Zhong , Zhou Lu , Wu Zhi Qiang , Zhao Jun , Chen Lin
Published: June 2014

The submerged combustion vaporizer (SCV) is a kind of equipment used for liquefied natural gas (LNG) vaporization. In order to get insights into the heat transfer of supercritical LNG, numerical simulations were carried out in this paper for investigating heat transfer of LNG in horizontal circular tubes under supercritical pressure. Numerical results showed that LNG temperature at the outlet under the design parameters was 276 K which met the demands of application. The velocity of LNG at the outlet was 12 m/s, and the pressure drop along the ducts was 120 kPa.
Problems and Improvement Measures of Ash Conveying System in Coal Economizer
Authors: Zhang Xue Ying , Zhang Jian Xiao , Wang Xue Qin
Published: June 2014

The power economizer of 600MW boiler in ash pipeline system of ash clogging, vibration, resulting in problems of ash conveying device is not running, the causes are analyzed, put forward the optimization scheme. Transformation through a series of Economizer Ash Conveying System, effectively eliminate the ash conveying pipeline vibration, clogging problems, ensure the economizer ash conveying system.
China's Thermal Power Generation Forecasting Based on Generalized Weng Model
Authors: Wang Xi Bo , Lei Ya Lin , Yao Min
Published: June 2014

Since the 21st century, China's power industry has been developing very quickly, and the generated electrical energy has been growing rapidly. Although nuclear power, wind power, solar power generations have been increased, thermal power generation still accounts for more than 80% of the total generating capacity. Thermal power provides an important material basis for the development of the national economy. Therefore, the prediction research on China's thermal power generation trend is becoming a topic of great interest. The fuel of thermal power generation-coal, is an exhaustible resource. Due to the exhaustible constraints the fuel, thermal power generation trend is bound to show a similar trend bell curve as the coal production trend, similar to a bell-shaped curve—a gradual increase to maximum output and then a short peak and a gradual decline. To get more accurate results of future thermal power generation, this paper applies the generalized Weng model to forecast China's thermal power generation peak and trend. The result indicted that the peak of China's thermal power generation appears in 2022 with generating capacity of 51,702 TWh. The generating capacity of thermal power will decrease gradually after 2022. Based on the results, the paper proposes some policy recommendations for the sustainable development of China's electrical energy. China should decrease the percentage of the capacity which comes from thermal generation and reduce the dependence on thermal power generation. Moreover, nuclear, hydraulic, wind and solar power should be developed before the thermal power generation peak.
Numerical Analysis of Welding in Fillet Weld for High-Pressure Pipeline In-Service
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhang Jin Zhou , Li Wen Chun
Published: June 2014

With the numerous applications of high-pressure pipeline, it is very important to simulate the in-service welding of the pipeline.The flow state of the medium in the pipeline can be analyzed, the temperature field and the stress field also can be simulated by applying sysweld software. The medium flow can reduce the welding residual stress and reduce welding stress range during in-service welding. Meanwhile, with the increase of flow rate of the medium, the maximum temperature of inner wall drops and the maximum weld residual stress increases by a slow growth. At the same time, the highest temperature of pipe wall increases rapidly with the increase of heat input, whereas the maximum residual stress of welded joint decreases by a slow trend.
The Research of High Internal Pressure Forming Process of Variable Cross-Section Elliptical Tube
Authors: Wang Jin Tao , Li Jian
Published: June 2014

Based on the ETA/DYNAFORM elastic-plastic explicit finite element platform, the finite element model of high internal pressure forming was established and the forming process was simulated. Through simulating, the forming process was researched. The distribution law of wall thickness, stress and strain was revealed in forming process. The results show that: the thinnest wall lies in the middle of forming part, and the thickest wall in the end of feeding areas. Both maximum equivalent stress and minimum equivalent strain lie in the forming fillet of the large elliptical cross-section. These play an important guiding significance on molding process.
Numerical Simulation of Jet and Cross-Flow Mixing in Tee Pipe
Authors: Kang Guo Bing
Published: June 2014

In the present paper we investigated the mixing effect of uncompressible jet and cross-flow in Tee pipe based CFD, the model of Realizable was employed as the tool to simulate the flow field, and the model was validated by experimental result of relative research. The mixing effect of jet and cross-flow in various configuration of Tee pipe at different inlet velocity of jet was discussed. The result shows jet and cross-flow mix quickly in near field of injection point, but in the downstream, the mixing effect keeps comparatively steady whenz>7d, and there is power relation between the mixing parameterMandr1×r2. Andr1is the ratio of jet pipe diameter to cross-flow pipe diameter,r2is the ratio of jet velocity to cross-flow velocity.
The Influence of Pressure Pipe Diameter and Orifice Size of Surge Chamber Optimization on the Pressure at Volute
Authors: Yang Peng , Zhang Jian , Chen Sheng , Miao Di
Published: June 2014

For a long-distance convey tunnel hydropower station, the changes of its convey tunnel diameter will impact on the pressure at the turbine volute, due to the influence of upper room of surge chamber, surge pressure is difficult to be the controlling value of the pressure at volute, the results also indicate that the influence of pressure pipe diameter on the pressure is more significant than the diversion tunnel diameter. This paper focuses on the pressure pipe diameter by the calculation of a numerical example, the increasing of the pressure at volute caused by the reduction of pressure pipe diameter can be adjusted for security requirements by optimizing the orifice size of surge chamber. Combined with the calculation of the combinational conditions, optimization results are satisfactory. That will reduce the investment of pressure pipe, so it has a certain reference value to the project.
Numerical Analysis of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics on Micro Couette Flow
Authors: Huang Lei , Cui Yang
Published: June 2014

In this paper, Couette flow is mainly discussed by studying the general flow behaviour mechanism and importing the velocity slip and temperature jump boundary condition. By analyzing velocity, temperature and pressure profiles at different Knudsen numbers, we concluded that Couette flow is driven by shear stress. The shear stress lies in stream direction. Viscous heat causes the increasing of the fluid’s temperature. With the increasing of Knudsen numbers, the increasing speed increases. It’s in the beginning of transition region that the heat flux has the maximum.
The Research on the Influence Law of the Fluid Temperature in Ground Heat Exchange on System Operation
Authors: Qi Zi Shu , Gao Qing , Gao Zhen Hai , Liu Yan , Bai Li
Published: June 2014

In the paper, by studying the underground heat exchanger heat transfer mode, the computing platform for ground source heat pump system was established. Through a engineering case, the influence character of the fluid temperature at the outlet of ground heat exchange on the length of system, the fluid temperature in ground heat exchange, and the heat pump power consumption were analyzed, which provide an approach for engineering design and operation prediction, and for the thermodynamic analysis of performance of system year by year and prospective study to guide the engineering practice.
Total Energy Consumption Optimization Design of Surface-Water Source Heat Pump Systems
Authors: Liu Min , Wu Rong Hua , Yang Qi Rong
Published: June 2014

This paper deals with the study of transmission and distribution energy consumption (TDEC) optimization design about surface-water source heat pump system. Three mathematical model have been established. The fitted polynomials of COP, Ne, Nc were obtained by the MATLAB curve fitting toolbox according to datum from product samples. The differences between two operating states which are constant flow and variable flow were analyzed and compared. Under variable flow operating state it was found that there exists an maximum energy conversation rate12.68% of TDEC; the heat pump unit will consume more than average 8.41% energy, while COP will decline average 7.61%, the mean energy conversation rate of Ne and Nc are 49.38% and 38.86%, the average declination rate of tein and tcout are 17.09% and 5.73% compared with constant flow operating state.
Research on Central Air Conditioning System of Intelligent Buildings
Authors: Sun Xue Jing
Published: June 2014

In this paper, microcontroller is applied in the central air conditioning control system. Firstly, microcontroller controller is used as controlling core to control temperature and humidity of central air conditioning control system. Secondly, PID algorithm parameters are set up for improving traditional PID control principle. Lastly, input and output values can be set and displayed by LCD screen.
Experimental Investigation on Flow Characteristic of Stepped Capillary Tube for Heat Pump Type Air Conditioner with R410A
Authors: Xu Yan Sheng
Published: June 2014

A stepped capillary tube consisting of two serially connected capillary tubes with different diameters is invented to replace the conventional expansion device. The mass flow rate of refrigerant R410A in stepped capillary tubes with different size were tested. The model of stepped capillary tube is proposed, and its numerical algorithm for tube length and mass flow rate is developed. The experimental results show that the performance comparing between stepped capillary tube system and capillary tube assembly system, the cooling capacity is reduced by 0.3%, the energy efficiency ratio (EER) is equal to each other, the heating capacity is increased by 0.3%, the coefficient of performance (COP) is decreased by 0.3%. That is to say, the performance index of the two kinds of throttle mechanism is almost identical. It indicates that the stepped capillary tube can replace the capillary tube assembly in the R410A heat pump type air conditioner absolutely. The model is validated with experimental data, and the results show that the model can be used for sizing and rating stepped capillary tube.
Research on Central Air Conditioning Control System in Office Buildings Based on STC Microcontroller
Authors: Wei Li Ming , Li Chen
Published: June 2014

In this paper, hardware and software of the central air-conditioning control system is researched by STC series of enhanced 8051 microcontroller. The STC11F 08XE is the main control of the hardware part. Temperature and humidity sensor regulating valve and all kinds of motor are used as external equipment to complete the temperature and humidity of building the internal control of central air conditioner. In terms of software, the program is described by protel99SE software. Microcontroller program is compiled by Microcontroller development tools keil u and STC-ISP. The temperature and humidity control and optimization of central air conditioning are completed by PID parameters. Infrared control unit is operated and liquid crystal is displayed to show the operation results.
The Characteristic Analysis of Electromagnetic and AC Loss for a High Temperature Superconducting Adjustable Reactor with Considering the Structure of Superconducting Winding
Authors: Song Meng , Shen Shi Feng , Hu Nan Nan , Cao Kun Nan , Ren Li
Published: June 2014

The power equipments made of high-temperature superconductor (HTS) widely applied in power system in the recent years. A HTS adjustable reactor (HTS-AR) is a novel controllable reactor with the controllable windings made of HTS tapes. Shunt HTS-AR can regulate the reactive power of power and reduce the transmission loss. However, the leakage magnetic flux of the superconducting windings is relatively large, which may restrict the application of the HTS-AR in high-voltage transmission line. Basing on the research of the structure design for HTS winding, the characteristic analysis of magnetic and AC loss of HTS-AR with considering the structure of superconducting winding is shown in this study. The results show that the HTS winding with the ladder-like structure has a better performance compares with HTS winding with the solenoid structure.
Study and Analysis on the High Temperature Performance of Calcined Bauxite
Authors: Fang Bin Zheng , Li Hui , Cao Jian Wei , Wu Jian Feng , Xu Xiao hong , Wang Xi Dong
Published: June 2014

In order to further broaden the application field of calcined bauxite, using XRF and other testing technology to study and analysis on the high temperature performance of calcined bauxite in this paper. The results showed that the sintering temperature range was 1300 ~ 1650°C, the firing line shrinkage, bulk density, bending strength, heat capacity and thermal conductivity was increased gradually, the water absorption and porosity was decreased, the water absorption, volume density and flexural strength of the sample fired at 1650°C were 0.93%, 3.20 g·cm-3 and 182.23 MPa, the specific heat and thermal conductivity were 0.83 kJ·(kg·K)-1 and 9.21 W·(m·K)-1. Due to the thermal performance of calcined bauxite is optimal, and is expected to be used for the field of high temperature solar thermal heat storage material.
Preparation of Novel Membrane Material 4’,4’’(5’’)-di-tert-butyldicyclohexyl-18-crown-6
Authors: Salih Alsamani A. M. , Li Ying Ming , Fan Juan , Yi Chun Hai , Yang Bo Lun
Published: June 2014

For preparing 4’,4’’(5’’) di-tert-butyl-dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 with high yield under low H2 pressure, the support, active component, promoter, reduction time and reduction temperature were studied. The catalyst structure and composition were characterized by XRD, TEM and EDS. The experimental results showed that MgO was the most suitable catalyst support because of its weaker acidity than other supports. The higher hydrogenation activity and selectivity were observed when Rh was used as the active component and Fe was used as promoter owing to the cooperative interaction. The optimum reduction temperature and the reduction time were 500 oC and 3h, respectively. The specific surface area of Rh-Fe/MgO was 133m2/g, and the Rh-Fe was well dispersed on MgO with the particle size about 20 nm. Under a low H2 pressure (4 MPa), the 4’,4’’(5’’) di-tert-butyldibenzo 18-crown-6 conversion was 78% and 4’,4’’(5’’) di-tert-butyl-dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 yield was 53% catalyzed by Rh-Fe/MgO, which were higher than that catalyzed by single metal catalyst.
Anomalous Commutation Failure Phenomenon in Multi-Infeed HVDC Systems
Authors: Lv Ming Chao , Zhao Tong , Lou Jie , Zou Liang , Zhang Li
Published: June 2014

Commutation failure theory of HVDC system is proposed and its reason is analyzed. Faults at inverter bus in multi-infeed HVDC system can cause local commutation failure and even concurrent commutation failure. Anomalous commutation failure is simulated with six kinds of ac system strength, and it is more and more serious at first as the system strength increases then become less serious as the strength becomes stronger. Coupling impedance is changed to get its relationship with anomalous commutation failure.
Modeling and Control of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Generation System Integrated in Microgrid
Authors: Xu Wen Qiang , Dai Zhi Yong , Wang Qiang Gang , Pan Shu , Zhou Nian Cheng
Published: June 2014

This paper presents a control strategy of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) generation system integrated into microgrid. To enhance the dynamic response of SOFC, storage battery is paralleled via a DC bus, and the hysteretic control of bi-directional DC-DC converter is adopted. The common DC-AC inverter adopts an improved droop control. The active synchronization control is applied to ensure the smooth mode transition of microgrid. The simulation results show the dynamic performance of SOFC generation system in different operation modes.
An Improved Droop Control Strategy for Microgrid Inverter
Authors: Zhang Ji Hong , He Zhi Yong , Li Chuan
Published: June 2014

This paper proposes an improved droop control strategy. Its principle is an introduction of feed-forward bias currents based on conventional droop control, which makes the inverter work as grid supporting sources in the grid connected mode. When the main grid voltage suffers any variation, the inverter will respond with variation of active power and reactive power, so that it can restore the main grid voltage and frequency and increase stability of the main grid. In the island mode, the proposed control method can allocate load power proportionally as expected and make soft changes between island mode and grid connected mode. At last, verify the effectiveness and reasonableness of the proposed control strategy through simulation.
Development and Application of Smart Distribution Grid Self-Healing Control System
Authors: Li Shan Shan , Li Hong Dan , Zou Hui Quan , Liu Yao Qiang , He Xiang
Published: June 2014

Self-healing is an important feature of smart distribution grid. Self-healing control for smart distribution grid covers risk prevention and operation optimization before accidents, in addition, it covers fault location, fault isolation and power restoration. The research of self-healing control theory, risk assessment, fault diagnosis and safety warning for smart distribution grid provides technical supports to help build a safe, reliable, efficient, high-quality, flexible and compliant smart distribution grid.