bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experiences of the mothers of infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)
Authors: Nazari R. , Moradi Koosha F. , Rezaie S. , Akbari N. , Qolizadeh A. , Sabzi Z.
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: The mother-newborn relationship is more important in neonates hospitalized in the NICU than in healthy neonates. This study was conducted to explore the experiences of the mothers of infants hospitalized in the NICU. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative study was done in 2016 by adopting a conventional content analysis approach. Thirty-five mothers in the NICUs, Imam Hossein Hospital and Fatemieh Hospital were selected. Their experiences were assessed using in-depth individual semi-structured interviews. Sampling was purposive and was continued until reaching data saturation. RESULTS: Two hundred and nine primary codes were extracted. After removing duplicates and overlaps, 95 primary codes were categorized in 8 subcategories, 2 accessory categories and 1 main category based on their appropriateness, agreement, and similarity. The accessory categories of “mothers’ worries” and “mothers’ hopes” were merged into a more general, abstract category named “dual feelings about the baby”. CONCLUSIONS: The nurses’ awareness of the mothers’ experiences can help design interventions to promote the quality of care for mothers and infants in the critical period of the NICU admission.
Development of methods and the study of microbiological purity of the gel of a complex dense extract of hypericum herbs and calendula flowers
Authors: Shostak T. A. , Dilay N. V.
Published: March 2020

In pharmaceutical industry antimicrobial preservatives that restrict multiplication of microorganisms and decrease bioburden are usually added in composition of hydrophilic medicines that include components of natural origin to prevent possible risks of functional changes in drugs characteristics caused by microbial contamination. Therefore, microbiological purity (MBP) is a crucial criteria for medicines quality. The purpose of the work was to develop the MBP testing methodology for complex gel containing dense extract of hypericum herbs and calendula flowers using structural-mechanical and technological studies.

Methodology for MBP testing of proposed gel was developed and justified considering criteria given in State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine 2.0. Originality of MPT methodology consists in the gel’s antimicrobial action neutralization to decrease possible risks of false results occurrence (including microorganisms inhibited by antimicrobial action of the gel). 

The applicability of the methodology was determined comparing the number of test cultures CFUs in presence of gel under specified condition with number of CFUs in positive control. The methodology is suitable for microbiological purity testing of the sample, as well as for the Preservatives Efficacy Testing (PET). When applying the developed methodology, the antimicrobial action of the sample is completely eliminated. While developing the MPT methodology compliance with following acceptance criteria was confirmed for tested sample: Absence of Staphylococcus aureus (in 1 g); Absence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (in 1 g); Total aerobic microbial count (TAMC) – 10² CFU per 1 g; Total combined yeasts and molds count (TYMC) – 10¹ CFU per 1 g. All the tested samples met the requirements of the 2.0. version of State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine for non-sterile dosage forms for oromucosal and dermal use.
Investigation of propylene carbonate synthesis regularities by the interaction of propylene glycol with carbamide
Authors: Sulimov A. V. , Ovcharova A. V. , Kravchenko G. M. , Sulimova Yu. K.
Published: March 2020

Objectives. Cyclic carbonates are important products of organic synthesis, which are widely used as solvents, catalysts, and reagents for the production of various compounds (in particular, urethane-containing polymers) by the non-isocyanate method. The process of carbamide alcoholysis with polybasic alcohols is a promising method for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates. The purpose of this study is to determine the reaction conditions for the interaction of propylene glycol with carbamide in the presence of zinc acetate as a catalyst.

Methods. We conducted experiments to study the synthesis of propylene carbonate in a batch laboratory apparatus. Moreover, we analyzed the starting reagents and final products using gas–liquid chromatography.

Results. We studied the synthesis of propylene carbonate by carbamide alcoholysis with propylene glycol in the presence of a catalyst (zinc acetate) by varying the following parameters: initial molar ratio of propylene glycol/carbamide = (0.5–5):1, synthesis temperature 130–190°С, reagent residence time in the reactor 0.5–4 h, and the catalyst amount in the reaction mixture 0–1.5 wt %.

Conclusions. We determined the technological parameters of propylene carbonate synthesis in a batch reactor. Moreover, we showed that the process allowed the production of propylene carbonate with a sufficiently high yield of 80%—at the initial molar ratio of propylene glycol/ carbamide = 3:1, temperature 170°C, and residence time 2 h.
Improvement of high-viscosity oil production technology via the effective redistribution of energy resources
Authors: Rodin S. S. , Zotov Yu. L. , Moroshkin V. Yu. , Fedyanov E. A. , Shishkin E. V.
Published: March 2020

Objectives. The synthesis of high-viscosity oils is a fundamental aspect of oil refinement and contributes toward improvements in their production technologies. However, current methods of oil extraction are characterized by the inefficient use of energy resources. Therefore, refinement costs continue to increase. Furthermore, high production emissions affect the environment. For example, the Duosol-type process uses a large quantity of gas used in solvent recovery units in existing furnaces, and excess heat is wasted. Additionally, oil dewaxing plants use water steam, whose condensate can be contaminated with petroleum products or ketone-aromatic solvents. The purpose of this study was to identify ways of improving the efficiency of high-viscosity oil production technologies for energy efficiency and environmental safety as well as prove the feasibility of computational methods of oil production plants’ improvement.

Methods. The heat quantity required for high-viscosity oil production is calculated using a thermal equation and data obtained from industrial equivalents, empirical dependencies, and reference data. The heat capacities and heat quantities of Duosol and dewaxing plants are calculated using conventional methods based on the heat recovery principle.

Results. At the solvent regeneration unit of a Duosol plant, excessive heating of the cube in one of the distillation columns was measured, leading to excessive heat consumption. This may result in contamination of the low boiling distillation component with water—one of the still bottom mixture components. Calculations show that the furnace should be divided into two chambers to lower the temperature of the column cube to help solve this problem. Water steam is currently used in the raw material preparation unit of the dewaxing plant. It has been found, however, that the quantity of heat carried away by the flue gases of the furnaces is sufficient to heat the raw material preparation unit of the oil dewaxing plant if water steam is completely excluded from this operation.

Conclusions. Technology improvement at Duosol and dewaxing plants, which are part of the process of obtaining high-viscosity oils at refineries, is possible through the effective redistribution of energy resources.
Drawing PT-phase envelopes and calculating critical points for multicomponent systems using flash calculations
Authors: Toro L. A.
Published: March 2020

Objectives. This study aims to draw PT-phase envelopes and calculate the critical points for multicomponent systems using flash calculations.

Methods. Flash calculations with an equation of state and a mixing rule were used to construct phase envelopes for multicomponent systems. In general, the methodology uses the Soave–RedlichKwong equation of state and Van der Waals mixing rules; and the Peng–Robinson equation of state with Wong–Sandler mixing rules and the non-random two-liquid activity coefficient model.

Results. The method was applied to the following mixtures: ethane (1)–butane (2) (four different compositions); ethane (1)–propane (2) (four different compositions); butane (1)–carbon dioxide (2) (three different compositions); C2C3C4C5C6 (one composition); isobutane–methanol–methyl tertbutyl ether–1-butene (one composition); and propylene–water–isopropyl alcohol–diisopropyl ether (one composition).

Conclusions. Our results agreed to a large extent with the experimental data available in the literature. For mixtures that contained CO2 , the best results were obtained using the PengRobinson equation of state and the Wong–Sandler mixing rules. Our methodology, based on flash calculations, equations of state, and mixing rules, may be viewed as a shortcut procedure for drawing phase envelopes and estimating critical points of multicomponent systems.
Calculating the composition of dispersion-filled polymer composite materials of various structures
Authors: Nguyen Ch. N. , Sanyarova M. V. , Simonov-Emel’yanov I. D.
Published: March 2020

Objectives. The aim is to calculate the composition of dispersion-filled polymer composite materials with different fillers and structures and to highlight differences in the expression of said composition in mass and volume units.

Methods. The paper presents the calculation of compositions in mass and volume units for various types of structures comprising dispersion-filled polymer composite materials according to their classification: diluted, low-filled, medium-filled, and highly-filled systems.

Results. For calculations, we used fillers with densities ranging from 0.00129 (air) to 22.0 g/cm3(osmium) and polymer matrices with densities between 0.8 g/cm3and 1.5 g/cm3, which represent almost all known fillers and polymer matrices used to create dispersion-filled polymer composite materials. The general dependences of the filler content on the ratio of the filler density to the density of the polymer matrix for dispersion-filled polymer composite materials with different types of dispersed structures are presented. It is shown that to describe structures comprising different types of dispersion-filled polymer composite materials (diluted, low-filled, medium-filled, and highly-filled) it is necessary to use only the volume ratios of components in the calculations. Compositions presented in mass units do not describe the construction of dispersion-filled polymer composite material structures because using the same composition in volume units, different ratios of components can be obtained for different fillers.

Conclusions. The dependences of the properties of dispersion-filled polymer composite materials should be represented in the coordinates of the property – content of the dispersed phase only in volume units (vol % or vol. fract.) because the structure determines the properties. Compositions presented in mass units are necessary for receiving batches upon receipt of dispersion-filled polymer composite materials. Formulas are given for calculating and converting dispersion-filled polymer composite material compositions from bulk to mass units, and vice versa.
Pharmacological and Preliminary Phytochemical Studies in Solanum torvum Swartz.
Authors: Devarkar V. D.
Published: March 2020

Solanum torvum Swartz. is one of most important ethnomedicinal plant used by the Korku of Melghat. Plant powder or ash given with honey to cure asthma and cough by Korku tribe but elsewhere it is used for other health elements by few researchers. The present paper deals with detailed morphological, anatomical and phytochemical screening of Solanum torvum Swartz. with pharmacognostical approach. In this paper, macro- & micro- morphological and anatomical studies are presented along with illustrations which give better picture of anatomical peculiarities of Solanum torvum Swartz.
MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN ALA NABI (Kajian Living Hadis Riwayat Muslim Bab Birrun No. 149)
Authors: Nurdin Arbain
Published: March 2020

This article describes two research focuses namely how the value of instructional media in the Muslim history hadith chapter Birrun No. 149 and how to understand the meaning of the hadith and the practice of students as teachers of the practices of the Study Program of Hadith Science the Faculty of Usuluddin, Adab and Humanities of IAIN Jember. And the result is the value of learning media in the hadith is textually found in the word ashabi'u which means fingers. While students understand that the tradition of text has a textual discussion of how the task of parents to educate and take care of their daughters until they are adults, then practice students after understanding the meaning of the hadith contextually that is when becoming a teacher practice always and often use the media fingers in learning AbstrakArtikel ini mendeskripsikan dua fokus penelitian yaitu bagaimana nilai media pembelajaran di dalam hadis riwayat Muslim bab birrun No. 149 dan bagaimana pemahaman makna hadis tersebut serta pengamalan mahasiswa selaku guru praktikan dari prodi Ilmu Hadis Fakultas Ushuluddin, Adab dan Humaniora IAIN Jember. Dan hasilnya adalah nilai media pembelajaran di dalam hadis tersebut secara tekstual ditemukan pada kata ashabi’u yang bermakna jari jemari. Sedangkan mahasiswa memahami bahwa matan hadis tersebut secara tekstual membahas tentang bagaimana tugas orang tua untuk mendidik dan menjaga anak-anak perempuannya hingga mereka dewasa, lalu pengamalan mahasiswa setelah memahami makna hadis tersebut secara kontekstual yaitu saat menjadi guru praktikan selalu dan sering menggunakan media jari jemari dalam pembelajaran.
NILAI-NILAI PSIKOLOGI PENDIDIKAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Jauhari Moh. Irmawan , Hakim M. Luqman
Published: March 2020

Humans in the era of globalization have a level of mental vulnerability that is easily cracked and destroyed. Too much competition and the influence of information technology presents more complex problems. It is not uncommon for modern humans to flee to actions that are detrimental to themselves and society. Because they feel that their psychological burden is so heavy and cannot be borne by themselves. The Qur'an provides an understanding of human beings complete with their potential. In this case, also includes the psychological potential given by God so that humans are able to manage the universe. Understanding of the psychic potential of humans is important so that humans do not always hunt for what appears, but also provide inner satisfaction so that physical and psychological balance occurs. AbstrakManusia dalam era globalisasi memiliki tingkat kerentanan jiwa yang mudah retak dan hancur. Persaingan yang sedemikian hebat serta pengaruh teknologi informatika menghadirkan persoalan yang lebih kompleks. Tidak jarang kemudian manusia modern melarikan diri kepada perbuatan-perbuatan yang justru merugikan dirinya sendiri serta masyarakat. Sebab mereka merasa bahwa apa yang menjadi beban psikisnya sedemikian berat dan tidak bisa ditanggung sendiri. Al-Qur’an memberikan pemahaman mengenai manusia lengkap dengan potensi yang dimiliki. Dalam hal ini juga termasuk potensi psikis yang diberikan Allah agar manusia mampu mengelola alam semesta. Pemahaman potensi psikis manusia ini penting agar manusia tidak selalu memburu apa yang nampak, akan tetapi juga memberikan kepuasan batin agar terjadi keseimbangan jasmani dan psikisnya.
ON THE EXPLANATION OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF FIRMS: THREE ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES
Authors: Nguyen Long Thanh
Published: March 2020

The survival, the development or the superiority of firms in an industry are determined by the firm’s competitive advantages relative to its competitors. This article reviews the theories on the definitions and sources of competitive advantages of firms. Three approaches to explain competitive advantages of firms which will be discussed include: (1) Porter’s theory of Five Forces competitive strategy, (2) resource-based view theory and (3) theories of entrepreneurship.
A NEW DESCRIPTOR FOR IMAGE RETRIEVAL USING CONTOURLET COOCCURRENCE
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Duc , Le Thuong Tien , Do Tuan Hong , Bui Cao Thu
Published: March 2020

In this paper, a new descriptor for the feature extraction of images in the image database is presented. The new descriptor called Contourlet Co-Occurrence is based on a combination of contourlet transform and Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM). In order to evaluate the proposed descriptor, we perform the comparative analysis of existing methods such as Contourlet [2], GLCM [14] descriptors with Contourlet Co-Occurrence descriptor for image retrieval. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method shows a slight improvement in the retrieval effectiveness.
PREPARATION AND STUDY OF FERRITE GARNET R3Fe5O12 (R=Y, Gd, Dy) NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Dao Nguyet Thi Thuy , Nguyen Duong Phuc , Than Hien Duc
Published: March 2020

This paper presents the synthesis and characterization of Y3Fe5O12, Gd3Fe5O12 and Dy3Fe5O12 nanoparticles by sol-gel method using initial salts solution of Y(NO3)3, Gd(NO3)3, Dy(NO3)3, Fe(NO3). The lattice constant, crystallite size and particle morphology of these ferrite garnet nanoparticles were studied by using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the garnet samples prepared by this method were formed at 800oC, which is lower than the sintering temperature for ceramic bulk samples (1400oC). The particle size is in the range 25- 40 nm as observed via TEM image and the average particle size was found to be 37nm using Debye- Scherrer formula.
ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF LACTASE FROM LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS
Authors: Nguyen Linh Thi Van , Nguyen Dung Thi Thuy , Tran Lam Bich
Published: March 2020

The enzyme β-galactosidase (β-D-galactoside galactohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.23) commonly known as lactase, has important applications in the dairy industry. From culture of strain Lactobacillus acidophilus having high and stable β-galactosidase activity, the study of crude enzyme isolation were carried out by ultrasonical extraction and precipitation by neutral salts and organic solvents. Best precipitant was isopropanol with enzyme recovery 89,93%, and enzyme purity increased 4,5 folds. Further β-galactosidase purification was carried out using gel permeation chromatography on Ultrahydrogel 250 to increase purity in 14,3 folds. The molecular weight of β-galactosidase was 40 kDa. The purified enzyme had optimum activity at 40oC, pH 7 – 7,5 and kinetic parameters of Vmax and Km were 2,3 μmol/min and 0,73 mM.
EVALUATING THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON STREAMFLOW IN SREPOK WATERSHED
Authors: Dao Khoi Nguyen
Published: March 2020

In this paper, the author investigated the effects of climate change on streamflow in Srepok watershed. The climate change scenarios were built by downscaling method (delta change method) based on the outputs of MIROC 3.2 Hires GCM. The SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was used to investigate the impacts on streamflow under climate change scenarios. The calibration and validation results showed that the SWAT model was able to simulate the streamflow well. Their difference in simulating the streamflow under future climate scenarios was also investigated. Results indicated a 1.3-3.9oC increase in annual temperature and a -4.4 to -0.5% decreases in annual precipitation corresponded to a decrease in streamflow of about -7.6 to -2.8%. The large decrease in precipitation and runoff are observed in the dry season.
ANALISIS USAHA DAN RISIKO INDUSTRI GULA KELAPA DI KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR (Studi Kasus Desa Karya Tunas Jaya)
Authors: Partini
Published: March 2020

Desa Karya Tunas Jaya merupakan salah satu sentra pembuatan gula kelapa di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Saat ini terdapat 143 keluarga yang bergerak dalam industri rumah tangga pembuatan gula kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui pendapatan total, keuntungan dan efisiensi usaha gula kelapa, (2) mengetahui tingkat risiko industri gula kelapa di Desa Karya Tunas Jaya. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah pendapatan total (TR), keuntungan (π), RCR dan analisi risiko (koefisien variasi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) biaya total industri gula kelapa per produksi sebesar Rp 176,373,93, pendapatan total sebesar Rp 262.476,19, keuntungan sebesar Rp 86.102,27 dan menyumbang pada pendapatan kerja keluarga sebesar Rp 118.943,33  (2) Industri gula kelapa ini efsien ditunjukkan dengan nilai RCR sebesar 1,49 (3) Hasil analisis risiko menunjukkan bahwa koefisien variasi 0,42 dan batas bawah keuntungan Rp 12.983,02. Hal ini berarti bahwa industri gula kelapa terhindar dari risiko kerugian dengan keuntungan terendah sebesar Rp 12.983,02 per produksi.
IMPLEMENTASI ETOS KERJA ISLAM DALAM MENCAPAI EFEKTIVITAS PENGARSIPAN DOKUMEN SUBYEK PAJAK DI KPP PRATAMA JOMBANG
Authors: Ashlihah Ashlihah , Wahyuningsih Tri
Published: March 2020

Kearsipan adalah bagian dari pekerjaan dalam perusahaan atau instansi yang sangat penting. Tanpa arsip tidak mungkin karyawan mengingat semua dokumen yang nantinya diperlukan untuk kepentingan perusahaan. Efektivitas pengarsipan sangat diperlukan untuk menunjang kemudahan dan kelancaran aktivitas perusahaan. Dengan terciptanya efektivitas pengelolahan arsip yang baik diharapkan perusahaan mampu memberikan pelayanan yang baik .Implementasi dari etos kerja islam memberikan peran yang sangat penting terhadap kefektivitas pengarsipan di KPP Pratama Jombang. Etos kerja islam yang ada pada sumber daya manusia yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam pengelolaan arsip karena membutuhkan tekhnik dan keterampilan khusus karena data yang akan dihasilkan, diterima, diproses dan dibuang tidak terbatas jumlahnya. Dengan etos kerja islam karyawan dapat memberikan kontribusi yang maksimal dalam pengelolahan arsip dokumen. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif sebagai suatu pendekatan penelitian yang berorientasi pada gejala-gejala yang bersifat alamiah karena dan sifatnya naturalistik serta tidak bisa dilakukan di laboratorium melainkan harus terjun di lapangan.
DETEKSI PENYUSUPAN PADA SERVER MENGGUNAKAN METODE INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM (IDS) BERBASIS SNORT
Authors: Wijaya Benny , Pratama Arie
Published: March 2020

Permasalahan yang ada diwarnet cyber terletak pada belum terdapatnya sistem keamanan server warnet, oleh karena itu beberapa kali server warnet cyber mengalami permasalahan karena adanya penyerangan yang dilakukan oleh pihak lain seperti ping flood, smurf attack dan lain - lain. Ada beberapa alternatif solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan keamanan warnet yang kurang maksimal salah satunya adalah penerapan metode IDS (Intrusion Detection System). Sistem ini bekerja dengan membuat peringatan bahwa adanya penyusupan dari luar yang bisa membaca parameter berupa alamat IP (Internet Protocol) penyerang. Dengan Implementasi sistem ini ,maka sistem mampu menutup akses terhadap usaha-usaha penyerangan terhadapa jaringan komputer. Dengan demikian jalur komunikasi menggunakan Snort dan IDS bisa lebih efisien.
ВИМУШЕНІ КОЛИВАННЯ ПАЛИВНИХ БАКІВ ПРИ РІЗНИХ ЧИСЛАХ БОНДА
Authors: МИРОНЕНКО М.Л.
Published: March 2020

Дослідження коливань рідини у резервуарах циліндричних, сферичних або більш складної форми з врахуванням технічних особливостей та математичне моделювання переважно здійснюють методами скінчених та граничних елементів. В даній роботі виконується аналіз форм та частот коливань рідини при перевантаженнях та за умови низької гравітації. Розглянуто різні параметри зовнішнього впливу. Вважається, що рідина є однорідною, нестисливою, а рух рідини безвихровий. Існує потенціал швидкості руху, що задовольняє рівнянню Лапласа. Співвідношення гравітаційних сил та сил поверхневого натягу визначаються числом Бонда. На вільній поверхні рідини виконуються динамічна та кінематична умови. Знайдені залежності зміни форми вільної поверхні за часом при різних частотах збурювальної сили. Розроблена методика дозволяє досліджувати поведінку рідини при різних числах Бонда.
Melatonin: a novel strategy for prevention of obesity and fat accumulation in peripheral organs through the improvements of circadian rhythms and antioxidative capacity
Authors: Rong Bohan , Wu Qiong , Sun Chao
Published: March 2020

Melatonin is a well-known molecule for its involvement in circadian rhythm regulation and its contribution to protection against oxidative stress in organisms including unicellular alga, animals and plants. Currently, the bio-regulatory effects of melatonin on the physiology of various peripheral tissues have drawn a great attention of scientists. Although melatonin was previously defined as a neurohormone secreted from pineal gland, recently it has been identified that virtually, every cell has the capacity to synthesize melatonin and the locally generated melatonin has multiple pathophysiological functions, including regulations of obesity and metabolic syndromes. Herein, we focus on the effects of melatonin on fat deposition in various peripheral organs/tissues. The two important regulatory mechanisms related to the topic, i.e., the improvements of circadian rhythms and antioxidative capacity will be thoroughly discussed since they are linked to several biomarkers involved in obesity and energy imbalance, including metabolism and immunity. Furthermore, several other functions of melatonin which may serve to prevent or promote obesity and energy dysmetabolism-induced pathological states are also addressed. The organs of special interest include liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and the gut microbiota.
Retinoic Acid-Related Orphan Receptor alpha 1 (RORα1) Induction of AKR1C3 Promotes MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Tamoxifen-Resistance which is Suppressed by Melatonin
Authors: Xiang Shulin , Dong Chunmin , Yuan Lin , Dauchy Robert Timothy , Blask David E. , Frasch Tripp , Hill Steven M.
Published: March 2020

The retinoic acid-related orphan receptors alpha (RORa) are members of the steroid/thyroid nuclear receptor super-family and core components of the circadian timing system.  In the present study, we continue to investigate the role of RORas in human breast cancer. Assays using the RORa response element (RORE)-tk-luciferase reporter demonstrate the functionality of the RORa1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and that over-expression of RORa1 stimulates MCF-7 human breast cancer cell proliferation. Genomic analysis revealed that RORα1 over-expression regulated the transcription of numerous genes in MCF-7 breast cancer cells including increasing the expression of connexin 43 (CX43), aldo-keto reductases 1C1 (AKR1C1), and AKR1C3.  Furthermore, administration of the pineal hormone melatonin represses RORa1 induction of CX43, AKR1C1, and AKR1C3 in MCF-7 cells. AKR1C3 has been reported to impact in intra-tumoral production of androgens and estrogens and thus, might promote Tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. Over-expression of RORa1 and subsequently AKR1C3 does promote Tamoxifen resistance, which can be inhibited by melatonin administration.
Organizational Learning and Strategic Positioning in Telecommunication Industry in Kenya
Authors: Kimani M’Kuma Ezekiah , Maina Kinyua Jesse , Nduati Kariuki Samuel
Published: March 2020

The telecommunication industry is continuing to change and mounting a lot of pressure towards efficiency in the business world enabling exploration of new opportunities in the rapidly widening digital environment. The fast changing environment has led the industry to focus on developing organization learning which guarantees future success in meeting the fast changing telecommunication market. The study focused on organizational learning on strategic positioning in telecommunication industry. This study adopted a descriptive design. The target population for this study comprised of 188 strategic planning managers at customer care centers and Chief Executive Officers at the head offices of the four mobile and fixed network operators in Kenya namely; Safaricom Limited, Airtel Kenya, Telkom Kenya and Equitel Kenya. The study used Census to collect the data from the four mobile operators. Primary and Secondary data was used in this study. Primary data was collected using a questionnaire administered to respondents through drop and pick method. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics was used in this study. The study established that continuous learning had influence on strategic positioning of telecommunications industries in Kenya. The results confirmed that telecommunications industries that practiced continuous learning based on innovation had strategic positioning advantage than those organizations that do not. This means that improvement on continuous learning led to strategic positioning in telecommunication industry in Kenya. This study concludes that organizational learning was statistically significant. The study recommends that the communication authority should lobby for application of the most recent technology by its members for use by the research and development department in conjunction with the ICT ministry.
Public Space in the New Urban Agenda. A Global Perspective on Our Common Urban Future
Authors: Mehaffy Michael
Published: March 2020

This article is a report on the work of our group, the Centre for the Future of Places at KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, and its role as an outgrowth of the Future of Places initiative – a partnership of UN-Habitat, the Ax:son Johnson Foundation, and the Project for Public Spaces. The original Future of Places initiative was a series of high-level conferences that brought together over 1,500 researchers, professionals, government leaders and activists from 275 organizations in 100 countries. The Future of Places also served as the first Urban Thinkers Campus, contributing to Habitat III and the language of its outcome document, the New Urban Agenda (United Nations, 2017). A primary focus of our series was the central role of public space as the connective framework for healthy urbanization – a point we made clear in the introduction to our “Key Messages” document: The Future of Places affirms the role of public spaces as the essential connective network on which healthy cities and human settlements grow and prosper. Public spaces enable synergistic interaction and exchange, creativity and delight, and the transfer of knowledge and skills. Public spaces can help residents to improve their prosperity, health, happiness and wellbeing, and to enrich their social relations and cultural life... (Future of Places, 2019).
Местные анестетики: ретроспективный анализ результатов аллергологических исследований у стоматологических пациентов
Authors: Походенько-Чудакова И.О. , Максимович Е.В. , Горохова А.В. , Полевечко Г.В.
Published: March 2020

Цель исследования.Проанализировать и сопоставить результаты аллергологических исследований на местные анестетики: данные реакций дегрануляций тучных клеток (РДТК) и показатели иммуноферментного анализа (ИФА) за 2016−2017 гг.
Объекты и методы исследования. Проанализированы результаты 3253 аллергологических исследований за 2016−2017 гг. пациентов г. Минска, направленных на исследование врачами-стоматологами в связи с имеющимися в анамнезе общими реакциями, возникшими после введения местных анестетиков при лечении и удалении зубов, которые не были дифференцированы с аллергическими. Проведен статистический анализ числовых значений РДТК и ИФА на каждый из исследуемых местных анестетиков с использованием пакета прикладных программ «Statistica 10.0».
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. В результате анализа полученных данных выявлено, что чаще всего пациентам проводили РДТК исследования с лекарственными средствами «Лидокаин» (n=1320), «Ультракаин ДС» (n=1062), «Убистезин» (n=890). Превышение нормальных значений РДТК ко всем исследуемым местным анестетикам зарегистрировано в 333 (6,1%) наблюдениях. Для местных анестетиков «Септонест», «Убистезин», «Убистезин форте», «Скандонест» при наличии положительных результатов РДТК не было выявлено положительных результатов ИФА. В результате проведенного исследования также было установлено, что в структуре аллергологических исследований соотношение числа проведенных анализов РДТК и ИФА на местные анестетики составило 78,0% к 22,0%.
Заключение. Большинство результатов РТДК на местные анестетики с превышением нормы не были подтверждены положительными результатами ИФА. Наибольшее число положительных результатов ИФА, что подтверждает наличие истинной аллергической реакции, зафиксировано у местных анестетиков «Ультракаин ДС» и «Лидокаин».
Нейродистрофический компонент развития хронического периодонтита
Authors: Урбанович В.И. , Вылегжанина Т.А.
Published: March 2020

В статье рассматриваются изменения структурно-функциональных показателей межзубных сосочков десны при развитии хронического периодонтита как доказательство нейродистрофического процесса.
Цель исследования.В клинико-экспериментальном исследовании установить и проанализировать нейротканевые взаимоотношения в десне при развитии хронического периодонтита как доказательство нейродистрофического процесса.
Объекты и методы исследования. Обследовали 200 пациентов в возрасте 20–54 лет. Стоматологический диагноз ставили на основании опроса, осмотра пациентов, определения гигиенического, десневого, комплексного периодонтального индексов, индекса периферического кровообращения, рентгенологического обследования. Периодонтит у животных вызывали 90-суточной иммобилизацией их и введением в десну скипидара. Морфологическому анализу подвергались межзубные сосочки десны человека и экспериментальных животных. Для характеристики структурно-функциональной организации десны использовали гистологические и гистохимические методики. Изучали морфометрические показатели эпителия десны, собственная пластинка слизистой, ее иннервационный аппарат. Все количественные показатели подвергались статистической обработки.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Сравнительный анализ структурно-метаболических показателей десны межзубных сосочков человека и экспериментальных животных показал идентичность изменений нейротканевых отношений в клинических биоптатах пациентов и биоптатах животных при экспериментальном поражении периодонта. Bыявлены изменения кариометрических и метаболичеких данных в эпителиальном слое слизистой оболочки. В собственной пластинке наблюдались изменения со стороны микроциркуляторного русла и иннервационного аппарата. Все изменения носили фазный характер в зависимости от продолжительности и тяжести патологического процесса.
Заключение. Анализ собственных результатов исследования в совокупности с литературными данными позволил прийти к заключению, что наблюдаемые нарушения нейротканевых взаимоотношений в десне при хронических заболеваниях периодонта можно трактовать как проявления нейродистрофического процесса.
Разработка медико-технической модели нижней челюсти для оценки точности дентальной имплантации
Authors: Рубникович С.П. , Трояновская М.С.
Published: March 2020

Цель исследования. Разработать медико-техническую модель нижней челюсти с концевыми дефектами и в экспериментальных условиях определить возможность ее использования для оценки точности дентальной имплантации с применением хирургического шаблона.
Объекты и методы исследования. При разработке медико-технической модели нижней челюсти ставилась задача имитировать структурные составляющие тканей нижней челюсти. Модель нижней челюсти с искусственной десной была изготовлена с помощью 3D печати. После чего на модели была запланирована и проведена дентальная имплантация с использованием хирургического шаблона по цифровому протоколу. На заключительном этапе данные виртуального планирования и информация сканированной модели с установленными имплантатами сопоставлялись и оценивались при помощи специального программного обеспечения.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Разработана и изготовлена медико-техническая модель нижней челюсти с биомеханическими характеристиками, соответствующими костной ткани нижней челюсти типа D2. В экспериментальных условиях определена возможность использования данной модели для оценки точности дентальной имплантации с применением хирургического шаблона.
Заключение. Разработанная медико-техническая модель нижней челюсти позволила провести экспериментальное исследование с применением хирургического шаблона и может быть использована для изучения точности дентальной имплантации.
Indonesia Foreign Policy Update: rough waves ahead in the Indo-Pacific
Authors: Agastia I Gusti Bagus Dharma
Published: March 2020

Situated in a highly dynamic region at the crossroads of the Pacific and Indian Ocean, Indonesia’s foreign policy has long been influenced by both international and domestic factors. In light of these changes, we firstly look at the development of Indonesia’s external environment. This discussion centres on the dynamics in the Indo-Pacific between the major powers, specifically their outlooks, approaches, and interests in the region. Next, we examine Indonesia’s domestic dynamics, particularly those related to the progress of the development of the Global Maritime Fulcrum (GMF). In this section, we will discuss the process of naval modernization and an update of national political dynamics as the 2019 Presidential Elections loom closer. Finally, we examine the progress of Indonesia’s bilateral and multilateral cooperation.
Border Security Problems in the Waters of the Natuna Islands: Between National Boundaries and Illegal Fishing
Authors: Fauzan Fauzan , Abdullah Kamarulnizam , Ahmad Mohammad Zaki
Published: March 2020

Natuna or better known as the Natuna Islands is one of the border areas in Indonesia that has complex problems. As a cluster of islands bordering Indonesia with Malaysia and Vietnam, the Natuna Islands are also located in the South China Sea region, which is a regional dispute hot spot in East Asia. This paper will discuss the concept of border security and border security issues in the waters of the Natuna Islands. In this paper, the authors argue that the problem of the Indonesian EEZ maritime boundary in the Natuna Islands territorial waters with Malaysia and Vietnam needs to be immediately resolved, because in addition to sovereignty, the precision of the EEZ boundary with neighboring countries will be related to the management of natural resources contained in the particular territorial waters. This condition is increasingly complicated when China with its nine-dashed line has raised problems of overlapping claims in the Natuna waters. In addition, the obscurity of maritime boundaries is used by certain parties to carry out illegal fishing in the maritime areas currently being disputed by the neighboring countries.
Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of β-caryophyllene on Bacillus cereus
Authors: MOO CHEW-LI , YANG SHUN-KAI , OSMAN MOHD-AZURAIDI , YUSWAN MOHD HAFIS , LOH JIUN-YAN , LIM WEI-MENG , LIM SWEE-HUA-ERIN , LAI KOK-SONG
Published: March 2020

Natural products such as essential oils (EOs) are secondary metabolites that can be obtained from either plant or animal sources or produced by microorganisms. Much attention has been given to exploring the use of secondary metabolites as natural antibacterial agents. This study investigates the antibacterial activity and mechanism of β-caryophyllene, a compound that can be found in various EOs, against Bacillus cereus. The minimum inhibitory concentration of β-caryophyllene against B. cereus was 2.5% (v/v), whereas killing kinetics of β-caryophyllene at minimum inhibitory concentration recorded complete bactericidal activity within 2 hours. Zeta-potential measurement in the cells treated with half the minimum inhibitory concentration of β-caryophyllene at 1.25% (v/v) showed an increase in the membrane permeability surface charge to –3.98 mV, compared to untreated cells (–5.46 mV). Intracellular contents leakage of UV-absorbing materials was detected in the cells treated with β-caryophyllene. Additionally, β-caryophyllene does not interfere with the efflux activity of B. cereus via the ethidium bromide influx/efflux activity. The results revealed that β-caryophyllene was able to alter membrane permeability and integrity of B. cereus, leading to membrane damage and intracellular content leakage, which eventually caused cell death.
REVIEW ON THE RESULTS OF THE III INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE "LANGUAGE, LAW AND SOCIETY IN THE COORDINATES OF MASS MEDIA"
Authors: Хазиева Рушана , Юсупова Розалия
Published: March 2020

For more than 95 years the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation is the oldest center of legal science. This article is a review of the III International Conference «Language, Law and Society in the Coordinates of Mass Media», which was held on September 25-26, 2019. The functioning of the language in the media, the evolution of legal interaction in the context of globalization, the impact of digital technologies on language of lawmaking were discussed at the conference.
Seroprevalance And Molecular Detection Of Fmdv In Cattle At Savar In Bangladesh
Authors: Jannat N , Rahman MS , Islam E , Rumi NA , Giasuddin M , Hasan M , Islam MR , Hassan MZ
Published: March 2020

The study was conducted to observe the overall seroprevalence and molecular detection of circulating FMD virus from infected cattle and efficacy of antibacterial drugs against secondary bacterial infection at Savar, Dhaka from January- December 2018. A total of 92 serum samples were collected for indirect c-ELISA to detect antibodies against non-structural proteins of FMD virus, and overall seroprevalence was 94.02%. The seroprevalence of serotype O and A was higher (95.83% and 95.83%) in male cattle than female (93.18% and 90.91%) respectively. 6 Months to 3 years aged cattle showed, significantly (p<0.01) higher seroprevalence (100%) than above 4 years age groups for serotype O (82.14%) and A (78.57%). Local cattle were more seropositive 96.88% compared to crossbred cattle 93.33% for serotype O and 91.67% for serotype A and this variation was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Among 10 clinical samples of FMD from infected cattle, 8 samples were positive for different serotypes, among them 2 each were identified as serotype A and Asia-1. On the other hand,4 samples were identified as mixed infection (1 sample of serotype O+A, 3 samples of O+Asia-1) by mRT-PCR. In this study on therapeutic intervention with sulphadimidine significantly (p<0.05) reduced the clinical signs of FMD than Gentamycin and Ampicillin. The higher seroprevalence of the disease has substantial economic implications which signify the need for devising effective control measure. However, the detection of ‘O’, Asia-1and ‘A’ serotype emphasizes the critical need for use of atrivalent vaccine in the field.

SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 67-78 (2019)
Variability, Traits Association And Path Coefficient Of Yield And Yield Contributing Traits Of Selected Boro Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Germplasm
Authors: Chakrabarty T , Islam MZ , Akter N , Khalequzzaman M
Published: March 2020

Boro season is the most productive among Aus, Aman and Boro seasons. For confirming food security, we need to emphasize more on Boro season to feed more people. That’s why forty entries of Boro rice germplasm were allowed to evaluate for their genetic variations in yield and yield contributing traits, their associations and also direct and indirect effects on yield. Observing means, range and all genetic parameters, selection could be done on the basis of number of effective tillers, harvest index, filled grains per panicle, unfilled grains per panicle, days to maturity and grain yield. Traits association analysis revealed that days to flowering, days to maturity and filled grain per panicle could significantly improve rice germplasm. Path analysis estimated that direct selection based on days to flowering, days to maturity and filled grain per panicle would be efficient for improvement of rice germplasm. G5 had the highest yield along with filled grain per plant, harvest index and 1000 grain weight and it could be used as potential variety for improving yield. The germplasm G7, G19, G9 and G33 could be used in further breeding program for the improvement of rice germplasm.

SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 103-115 (2019)
Vermicompost Influences Processing Quality Of Potato Tubers
Authors: Ferdous J , Roy TS , Chakraborty R , Mostofa M , Noor R , Nowroz F , Kundu BC
Published: March 2020

The effect of vermicompost on dry matter and specific gravity of potato tubers under ambient storage condition was studied. Vermicompost was used at four rates viz. 0, 2, 4 and 6 t ha-1 over the four varieties of potato viz. BARI TPS-1, BARI Alu-28 (Lady Rosetta), BARI Alu-25 (Asterix) and BARI Alu-29 (Courage). Results demonstrated that processing parameters such as dry matter percentage (%) and specific gravity increased with increasing vermicompost levels while they decreased with the increasing storing period. Lady Rosetta and Asterix potato varieties can be safely stored at normal room temperature up to 60 days. There was no interaction between vermicompost rates and crop varieties. Hence, the potato growers of Bangladesh can use vermicompost at 6 t ha-1 for achieving better yield without affecting processing quality.

SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 173-184 (2019)
Comparison of diagnostic and treatment guidelines for undescended testis
Authors: Shin Jaeho , Jeon Ga Won
Published: March 2020

Cryptorchidism or undescended testis is the single most common genitourinary disease in male neonates. In most cases, the testes will descend spontaneously by 3 months of age. If the testes do not descend by 6 months of age, the probability of spontaneous descent thereafter is low. About 1%–2% of boys older than 6 months have undescended testes after their early postnatal descent. In some cases, a testis vanishes in the abdomen or reascends after birth which was present in the scrotum at birth. An inguinal undescended testis is sometimes mistaken for an inguinal hernia. A surgical specialist referral is recommended if descent does not occur by 6 months, undescended testis is newly diagnosed after 6 months of age, or testicular torsion is suspected. International guidelines do not recommend ultrasonography or other diagnostic imaging because they cannot add diagnostic accuracy or change treatment. Routine hormonal therapy is not recommended for undescended testis due to a lack of evidence. Orchiopexy is recommended between 6 and 18 months at the latest to protect the fertility potential and decrease the risk of malignant changes. Patients with unilateral undescended testis have an infertility rate of up to 10%. This rate is even higher in patients with bilateral undescended testes, with intra-abdominal undescended testis, or who underwent delayed orchiopexy. Patients with undescended testis have a threefold increased risk of testicular cancer later in life compared to the general population. Self-examination after puberty is recommended to facilitate early cancer detection. A timely referral to a surgical specialist and timely surgical correction are the most important factors for decreasing infertility and testicular cancer rates.