bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptation of an exhibition event for the target audience of older ages
Authors: Sheresheva Marina Y. , Yakovleva Ksenia T.
Published: October 2019

The group of older consumers is gradually increasing in the structure of the world consumer market. The companies that have discerned the huge potential in this segment often achieve better results and in some cases become market leaders. It proves that in order to achieve sustainable competitiveness it is necessary to study the category of aged consumers in-depth, to realize their characteristics and the mechanisms of formation of their perception. One of the important tools for achieving this goal are exhibitions, which not only provide an opportunity to build marketing communication with target audiences, but also allow to evaluate, form and correct their perceptions. This paper deals with the approaches to adaptation of an exhibition event for the target audience of older ages. The methodology of empirical research included qualitative and quantitative research, involving the participant observation method within the preparation of the “50 PLUS” International Forum and Exhibition.
Les « cultures d’origine » dans les partenariats école/familles
Authors: Belkacem Lila , Chauvel Séverine
Published: October 2019

Cet article montre comment la notion de culture est placée au cœur de certains dispositifs de coopération entre l’école et les familles catégorisées comme issues de l’immigration. À partir de deux cas de médiation interculturelle, il analyse un effet paradoxal majeur : alors que ces dispositifs visent à créer des ponts entre l’école et les parents et à valoriser les populations faisant l’expérience de la minoration sociale et raciale dans la société française, ils légitiment des conceptions culturalistes qui sont au fondement de ces mêmes processus de minoration, tout en ouvrant un espace d’expression apprécié des parents. Enfin, l’article met en lumière les raisons pour lesquelles ces espaces se maintiennent – voire se multiplient – malgré les attentes hétérogènes des acteur·trice·s engagé·e·s.
Jeunesses populaires et jeunesses de rue
Authors: Mauger Gérard
Published: October 2019

La délinquance et les violences urbaines qui focalisent par intermittence l’intérêt des partis politiques, des médias et des sciences sociales trouvent leur ancrage spatial dans la rue et leur implantation sociale dans une fraction minoritaire de ceux qu’ils désignent comme les « jeunes de cité », incarnation contemporaine des « classes dangereuses ». Sur la base de ses propres enquêtes et de quelques autres travaux, l’auteur montre comment on peut tenter de rendre compte à la fois de cette localisation spatiale et de cet ancrage social en mettant en évidence les « raisons » et les « causes » des pratiques délinquantes et/ou émeutières d’une fraction des « jeunes de cité » : la minorité de jeunes des classes populaires, souvent issue de l’immigration et reléguée dans les zones urbaines sensibles (ZUS).
« Avoir un local à soi »
Authors: Daquin Alice
Published: October 2019

Cet article analyse l’importance des pratiques des espaces publics dans la construction identitaire des jeunes hommes de quartiers populaires, et les rapports de force qu’elles engendrent avec les institutions locales (police, bailleur, mairie). Issus d’un travail ethnographique, l’article démontre, notamment à travers l’échec de l’obtention d’un local pour les jeunes, l’absence d’espace de conflictualisation, d’intégration et de participation où cette jeunesse pourrait prendre place.
Heurs et malheurs du revenu universel de base
Authors: Teixeira Esteves Juliana
Published: October 2019

Cet article propose une analyse du cheminement des différentes propositions de loi sur le revenu de base introduites par le législateur fédéral brésilien (et par la suite à l’échelle infranationale) dans les années 1990, et les débats qui les ont sous-tendues. Il cherche notamment à comprendre pourquoi ce dispositif, adopté finalement par le Congrès fédéral en 2004, n’a jamais été appliqué à ce jour, contrairement à d’autres programmes de lutte contre la pauvreté promus par le Parti des travailleurs, tel que Bolsa Família.
Le Congrès de Vienne de la CES : une confédération plus unie mais avec moins d’adhérents
Authors: Rehfeldt Udo
Published: October 2019

Le congrès de Vienne de la Confédération européenne des syndicats (CES) a été marqué par un esprit unitaire. Les documents programmatiques adoptés se situent dans la prolongation des congrès précédents et manifestent la difficile recherche de consensus sur des sujets controversés comme le salaire minimum ou l’intervention publique pour consolider la négociation collective de branche. Pour la première fois, le congrès n’a pas seulement élu un secrétariat, plus restreint, mais aussi un « présidium » collectif doté d’un rôle politique plus actif pour donner la priorité à l’action et pour rapprocher la CES de ses affiliés nationaux.
Quand les instruments d’action publique (dés)inhibent de nouvelles stratégies collectives et économiques
Authors: Blancaneaux Romain
Published: October 2019

En Languedoc-Roussillon, la norme du vin de table « de masse » a cédé la place à celle du vin de cépage. Cet article articule politiques publiques, stratégies économiques et collectives pour en questionner le développement hégémonique. L’analyse montre qu’il tient à la modification des instruments d’action publique sectoriels, nationaux puis communautaires, dont dépendent structurellement les stratégies économiques et collectives. Sur le temps long, l’instrumentation a participé à établir un ordre qu’elle a ensuite renversé, la domination des productions et syndicats en vins de table basculant au profit de ceux en vins de cépage.
Picardie, Québec et Acadie : variation et légitimation
Authors: Auger Julie
Published: October 2019

Le picard, le québécois et l’acadien partagent un héritage gallo-roman qui les distingue du français de référence. Mais entretiennent-ils le même rapport avec celui-ci? Pour répondre à cette question, nous examinons les pratiques des locuteurs dans des contextes qui favorisent un usage prescriptif et les réactions suscitées par leur utilisation. Cette analyse révèle que le picard se distingue de l’acadien et du québécois. Alors que le picard littéraire marque une coupure nette avec la norme littéraire française, les deux derniers minimisent les écarts et s’alignent sur la norme décrite dans les ouvrages de référence produits en Europe. De même, l’accueil réservé à l’emploi de ces variétés dans des contextes formels est diamétralement opposé : alors que l’emploi du picard est applaudi, celui de l’acadien et du québécois produit soit l’hilarité, soit la colère.
Souffrance et injustice
Authors: Renault Emmanuel
Published: October 2019

L’objectif de cet article est d’expliciter les différentes distinctions conceptuelles (injustice de premier et second ordres, objective et subjective, à la première et à la troisième personnes, commise et subie) à partir desquelles la question de l’injustice et son rapport à la souffrance sont analysés dans Souffrance en France . Il s’agit ainsi de mesurer l’originalité de l’analyse de la banalisation de l’injustice sociale en la comparant à d’autres approches du rapport souffrance/injustice. En conclusion, la question de l’actualité de cette analyse est posée à la lumière de ce qui peut être décrit comme une résurgence du sentiment d’injustice.
« Stratégies et idéologies défensives : la question des défenses de Travail, usure mentale à Souffrance en France »
Authors: Rolo Duarte
Published: October 2019

Dans cet article, je reprends la façon dont les stratégies collectives de défense contre la souffrance au travail sont présentées dans Travail, usure mentale , puis dans Souffrance en France. Je m’appuie sur ces descriptions princeps pour tracer la ligne de démarcation entre stratégies collectives de défense et idéologies collectives de défense. Et je me sers de cette distinction pour mettre en avant la spécificité des idéologies défensives, ce qui me permet d’argumenter la thèse centrale de ce texte : je propose de mettre en rapport idéologies défensives et souffrance éthique. Bien que la découverte des idéologies défensives soit antérieure à celle de la souffrance éthique, il me semble que la notion de souffrance éthique permet d’éclairer la question des idéologies défensives d’un nouveau jour.
Relance de la pratique clinique et controverses méthodologiques : les apports de Souffrance en France
Authors: Edrei Béatrice
Published: October 2019

Cette communication a pour but de rappeler l’influence majeure que l’ouvrage Souffrance en France a suscitée du point de vue de la pratique clinique. Après différents exposés qui ont rassemblé les apports théoriques majeurs de Souffrance en France , le propos vise ici à retracer, dans le contexte historique des années 1990, en quoi les thèses portées par Christophe Dejours ont pu faire débat au sein de la communauté des praticiens et les obliger à se positionner en précisant notamment à partir de quelle théorie du sujet ils entendaient conduire leurs actions. Deux exemples serviront à illustrer l’espace de controverses ouvert par Souffrance en France pour les cliniciens du travail. Le premier concerne la question des dominés et le deuxième la question du genre.
Pour une analyse des idéologies du travail : le marxisme face à la psychodynamique du travail
Authors: Saburova Daria
Published: October 2019

Lorsqu’il s’agit d’expliquer les phénomènes de consentement et d’autoexploitation qui caractérisent le régime de travail néolibéral, les auteurs marxistes recourent généralement au concept d’idéologie définie comme l’ensemble de représentations dominantes produites au niveau des superstructures de la société. Contrairement à la thèse suivant laquelle notre rapport au travail serait prioritairement déterminé par les idées et les dispositions acquises à l’extérieur du procès de travail, cet article pose les bases théoriques d’une analyse des idéologies propres à l’activité de production en s’appuyant sur les travaux de Michael Burawoy et de Christophe Dejours. Il montre par ailleurs que la discussion sur les idéologies du travail ouvre un nouvel espace de dialogue entre le marxisme et la psychanalyse.
France Télecom Orange – Déposition. Le 10 mai 2019
Authors: Dejours Christophe
Published: October 2019

Ce texte reprend la déposition faite le 10 mai 2019 par Christophe Dejours comme témoin cité par les parties civiles au procès de France Télécom Orange. Y est proposée une perspective synthétique sur le suicide au travail qui insiste particulièrement sur trois points : l’analyse étiologique des suicides sur les lieux du travail ; les formes cliniques du suicide au travail ; les relations entre analyse étiologique et imputabilité de responsabilité.
Efficacy of Study for Correlation of TTH vs Age and Gender Factors Using EMG Biofeedback Technique
Authors: Rastogi Rohit , Chaturvedi Devendra K , Gupta Mayank
Published: October 2019

In this study, the authors have tried their best to check the effect of tension type headache (TTH) over age and gender. TTH is produced by stress, and it may start at any stage of life. Subjects usually suffer from two types of TTHm i.e. for short time and for long time. When subjects suffer for a long time, it affects both mind and body. So, checking at which age it started and how the gender is affected by this problem is useful. For this study, we have used use EMG biofeedback therapy. Biofeedback is the process which examines the body part by sending the wave to ear drum, by electric signal, etc. Here, we took two parameters, age and gender, to analyze the effect of TTH. To check this, we have tested the subjects by using different modes, i.e. audio mode, video mode, and audio-visual mode. Trend models have different types of outcomes by mathematical expression i.e. linear, cubic, exponential, etc. So, the comparisons of outcome are in different modes, it showed that the TTH problem affects females at an early age compared to males.
Predictors of e-service Consumption in a Highly Productive Brazil-Russia-India-China-South Africa Region Sample
Authors: Strang Kenneth David , Vajjhala Narasimha Rao
Published: October 2019

The authors investigated consumer e-commerce behavior in a Brazil-Russia-India-China-South-Africa (BRICS) region from a socio-cultural perspective. BRICS countries are important to study because they have a large population representative of other global e-services markets, they account for 40% of the world's population, 26% of the world's land and approximately a third of the world's gross domestic economic e-commerce production, plus residents are habitual consumers of mobile technology like smartphones. A binary logistic regression model revealed that young educated consumer satisfaction with e-services, e-service happiness, positive feelings and e-service pleasant feelings, but not e-service excitement, could predict purchase behavior. The model correctly classified 87.3% of the e-commerce consumers using two factors and a second model with one factor correctly categorized 90.5% of them. These results are important for managers and academics to consider.
A New System to Assist Elders' Self-Care and Their Informal Caregivers
Authors: Esteves Marisa , Esteves Marcia , Abelha António Carlos
Published: October 2019

The ageing of a population increases the number of elders dependent in self-care. Thus, being dependent in a home context is a fact that deserves attention from social support entities integrated into the community, such as nursing homes, which play a central role in supporting the families involved. In this sense, this study is aimed at seniors dependent in self-care, their informal caregivers, and health professionals from Portuguese nursing homes and emerged to assist elders' self-care and their informal caregivers and to strengthen the communication strategies between the different elements of the target audience. Therefore, the design and development of an archetype of a new system is proposed, which main objectives are to accompany, teach, and share information between its users, taking into account safe medical validation and ethical issues, through emerging health ICT technologies. This archetype is a reinforcement, that is, a way to promote and complete the knowledge and skills to deal with elders' well-being and health, as well as their informal caregivers' welfare.
Responses of superficial and deep blood Vessels to cooling
Authors: Mitchell G. , Enslin J. , Mastrolonardo M. , Shunn B. , Stewart A.
Published: October 2019

Dilation of blood vessels seems desirable from a therapeutic point of view. Results suggest that application of icepacks may not be the ideal technique to use, as icepacks, although lowering skin temperature to levels at which skin vessels will dilate, will not lower muscle temperatures to levels at which deep vessel constriction is inhibited. Results further show that to achieve dilation of vessels, it is not necessary to apply icepacks for longer than 8-10 minutes.
The measurement of pain - A brief review
Authors: Liggins C. A.
Published: October 2019

Physiotherapists are now measuring pain when they assess their patients. Pain has been considered to be unmeasurable by some, but a number of subjective and objective methods have been devised. Subjective methods appear to be more satisfactory than objective methods. Several methods of subjective measurement are reviewed. Studies suggest that the Numerical Rating Scale (N.R.S.) may be an appropriate subjective scale for general use. Several methods of measuring pain relief are also reviewed. Patients tend to express themselves more in terms of pain relief than in terms of pain measurement. The principles of the Signal Detection Theory for quantification of pain are outlined.
Synopsis of physiotherapy in Owamboland, Namibia (South West Africa)
Authors: Sobel Gary
Published: October 2019

A resumè of the author’s experience as the sole physiotherapist at the Oshakati State Hospital situated close to the Angolan border in Owamboland, Namibia, is given. The conditions seen over a one-year period and appropriate treatment, are described, emphasising the shortcomings and problems facing a physiotherapist in a rural hospital situated in a bush-war area. Particular emphasis is placed on those patients with orthopaedic, neurological and burn injuries, as well as those requiring chest physiotherapy.
Le vétérinaire et l’environnement
Authors: Huglo Christian
Published: October 2019

The veterinarian and the environment

The best way to address the subject of the veterinarian’s relationship with the environment is to take up the conclusions of the Rondeau-Baussier report, which considered that veterinarians should be much more concerned with water, wildlife, biodiversity and nature in general and that they should be placed at the heart of the human-animal relationship as mediators. In fact, the environmental issue is no longer only seen as local but also as global and has evolved in several phases : first, a phase of nature and environmental protection, then a phase establishing a link between environment and health, thirdly a phase showing the importance of sustainable development and finally a phase of questioning the domination of man over the environment. The veterinarian is essential to know the real state of the environment. He is not only an indispensable witness, but also an expert and finally, the veterinarian must make his voice heard on the issue of animal welfare. What should be expected of veterinarians is their participation in three essential requirements of environmental law : information, control and management. The Veterinary Academy of France is the ideal place to stimulate all these aspects and to participate in the elaboration of a global charter for living organisms.
La leptospirose, négligée parmi les maladies négligées
Authors: Picardeau Mathieu
Published: October 2019

Un siècle après la découverte de l’agent responsable de la leptospirose, cette zoonose reste une maladie négligée. Elle est sous-estimée du fait de l’absence de symptômes spécifiques, d’un système de surveillance limité, d’outils de diagnostic peu performants et d’un manque de sensibilisation au sein de la communauté médicale. La maladie est aussi complexe du fait des différents modes de transmission et de la grande diversité des leptospires et des hôtes réservoirs. La principale voie de transmission à l’homme est le contact de la peau abîmée ou les muqueuses avec l’eau souillée par l’urine de rongeurs porteurs de leptospires pathogènes. Le changement climatique (réchauffement climatique et phénomènes climatiques extrêmes plus fréquents entraînant des inondations) et l’urbanisation grandissante (transmission par l’intermédiaire des rats dans les zones insalubres de type bidonvilles) favorisent l’émergence de la leptospirose dans le monde.
Les apports de la génétique dans la filière ostréicole française
Authors: Lapègue Sylvie , Renault Tristan
Published: October 2019

L’apport le plus connu et certainement le plus important de la génétique à la filière ostréicole est le développement de l’huître creuse triploïde. Le caryotype de l’huître triploïde, produite pour la première fois dans les années 1980, est composé de triplets de chromosomes (3n) et non de paires (2n) comme chez l’huître «commune». Actuellement, les huîtres triploïdes sont obtenues par croisement d’huîtres diploïdes et tétraploïdes. Ces huîtres se caractérisent par une quasi absence de laitance qui les fait apprécier d’une majorité de consommateurs, et par une croissance plus rapide, permettant un cycle de production plus court. En parallèle, l’exploitation de résistances naturellement présentes dans la diversité des huîtres françaises a été envisagée pour améliorer la santé des cheptels qui est un enjeu majeur de la durabilité des élevages aquacoles. Actuellement, les connaissances acquises et les outils développés permettent de proposer les premiers transferts de méthodes de sélection vers le secteur ostréicole.
Impact de la biodiversité sur le vivant en ville dans la circulation des vecteurs et autres agents pathogènes
Authors: Moutou François
Published: October 2019

La biodiversité en ville est évidement plus réduite que celle présente dans des milieux plus naturels. Néanmoins, les espèces capables de s’y adapter peuvent y trouver un environnement favorable. Souvent sans prédateurs elles peuvent atteindre des densités élevées. Avec les vecteurs associés, on pourrait voir de nouveaux cycles épidémiologiques se mettre en place. Quelques exemples choisis parmi les invertébrés, les mammifères, les oiseaux et les animaux de compagnie, illustrent quelques cas de figure heureusement encore isolés.
The intervention of psychiatry in the invention of the dangerous subject 1930-1945
Authors: Beltrán María José , Ortega Elizabeth
Published: October 2019

Na década de 1930, o Uruguai enfrentou as consequências da crise de 1929. Uma série de dispositivos foi criada para dar conta dos comportamentos considerados desviantes, que se tornaram foco de preocupação e intervenção. Alcoolismo, sífilis, imigração indesejada, mendicância, vadiagem e loucura foram rapidamente associados a comportamentos criminosos que ameaçavam a consolidação da nação. Esse tipo de comportamento tornou-se foco de vigilância sob o paradigma da defesa social. A categorização desses comportamentos "desviados" pelos critérios que demarcaram o normal e o patológico gerou uma crescente intervenção médica para seu manejo: a psiquiatria passou a ser depositária institucional da determinação do perigo. O artigo abordará como a intervenção biopolítica da psiquiatria foi formatada na caracterização e desenho de estratégias preventivas que focalizaram o sujeito perigoso.
Os sentidos da deficiência pela liga brasileira de higiene mental
Authors: Dias Vivian Ferreira , Caponi Sandra
Published: October 2019

Entender a forma como a deficiência é interpretada na atualidade é, também, revisitar os sentidos do passado. Nosso recorte é o domínio médico, e a intenção é trazer, por conseguinte, a forma como o “desvio” era interpretado e investido pela medicina, especialmente quando os sentidos degeneracionistas estavam no auge. São considerados Os Arquivos da Liga Brasileira de Higiene Mental, compreendidos entre 1925 a 1946, e nossas análises se assentam especialmente nos pressupostos da biopolítica – conforme desenvolvidos por Foucault. A sensibilidade da Liga, pois, era a de romper com a assistência médica e social, restringir a entrada de imigrantes de mentalidade anormal, controlar doenças que causariam deficiências e praticar a filantropia seletiva, ou seja, dar auxílio apenas aos mais fortes. Em suma, sob o regime de inferioridade, de atraso à nação, de mal que deveria ser tratado/aniquilado, é que as pessoas com deficiência eram e ainda podem ser significadas.
“Diga ao povo que avance”: Biopolítica e medicalização do sofrimento do povo Xukuru do Ororubá
Authors: Barbosa Valquiria Farias Bezerra , Lopes Jaqueline Cordeiro
Published: October 2019

Objetiva-se problematizar a medicalização do sofrimento do povo Xukuru do Ororubá, Pesqueira, PE, a partir dos conceitos de biopoder e biopolítica. Procurou-se articular evidências científicas recentes para uma análise de tensões na implementação da Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde dos Povos Indígenas relacionadas à intermedicalidade e ao cuidado em saúde. A abordagem do sofrimento psíquico do povo Xukuru tem se dado, principalmente, pela atribuição de diagnósticos de transtornos mentais e prescrição de psicotrópicos. Tais práticas privilegiam a doença, despolitizando as práticas tradicionais de cura e compõem o conjunto de estratégias biopolíticas e do saber-poder biomédico para o governo das populações. Conclui-se que a desterritorialização e as tentativas de aculturação impactam na predominância de práticas terapêuticas biomédicas e no silenciamento do sofrimento psíquico dos indígenas opondo-se ao protagonismo desse povo expresso na palavra de ordem: “Diga ao povo que avance!”.
Black Americana. Supremacia racial e supremacia de classe em fotografias da virada do século XIX ao XX
Authors: Negro Antonio Luigi
Published: October 2019

Este artigo analisa o papel desempenhado pela produção e circulação de imagens fotográficas em cartões postais durante o processo de reconciliação nacional entre as supremacias de raça e classe, na sociedade estadunidense do pós-abolição, a partir da década de 1880. Somado ao trabalho por dívida, o aluguel de detentos do sistema prisional aponta para a recomposição da prática de obrigar proletários negros ao trabalho, fenômeno que teve lugar especialmente onde a escravidão mais resistiu ao abolicionismo, isto é, não apenas no Sul, mas sobretudo na lavoura (ou em atividades a ela ligadas, a exemplo das ferrovias). Nesse sentido, para os trabalhadores, as lutas entre capital e trabalho podiam ter no direito de ir e vir um elemento essencial de sua experiência de classe.
Disaster mental health in higher education: A review
Authors: Mincin, PhD, MPhil, MPA Jenny , Hansen, LMSW Rebecca
Published: October 2019

Disaster mental health (DMH), also referred to as disaster behavioral health, and crisis intervention more broadly, is a significant, yet relatively nonstandardized response system in the United States. Higher education can play a critical role in shifting understanding of DMH, its place within emergency management, and skills building among students. With the increased need for qualified DMH practitioners growing, the academy is uniquely positioned to train students as they become our future responders. Movement toward standardized curriculum and certification programs within schools of social work and emergency management can alleviate lack of knowledge and training as well as better prepare emergency managers and behavioral health professionals to respond to the emotional and mental wellbeing of those impacted by disasters (natural or human-caused).
Hoe dik is het ik?
Authors: Meijsing Monica
Published: October 2019

How fat is the I? Neuroscience and the elusive self

This article explores the concept of self in relation to neuroscience. Four options are discussed on the basis of a key representative. The first is the dualist position where the non-material self controls its brain, as defended by Eccles. Next comes the option of the self as a relatively or completely powerless entity within the brain, as exemplified by Libet’s experiments on free will. The third option is the identity of self and brain, as argued by Dennett. The last option is the identity of self and body, and here Gallagher is the representative. It is shown that no monist position is completely consistently defended. In the conclusion, four factors are identified that hinder a simple and consistent monist conceptualisation of the self in the context of neuroscience.
Neurowetenschappen en de Illusie van Vrije Wil
Authors: Asma Lieke
Published: October 2019

Neuroscience and the Illusion of Free Will

Currently, few neuroscientists and philosophers still defend the claim that neuroscience has shown the brain ‘decides’ what we do and that free will is an illusion. This does not imply, however, that this kind of neuroscientific researchcould notsay anything about the existence of free will. Neuroscience can offer insights in the unconscious causes and underlying processes of our actions and, because of this, could perhaps show whether we act out of free will or not. In this paper I will argue that in this regard the possibilities of neuroscientific research are limited. I understand free will, in line with Dana Nelkin and Susan Wolf, as the ability to do the right thing for the right reasons. I will show that whether someone acts intentionally, what it is that she is doing, and for which reasons she acts cannot be determined by studying unconscious causes or other unconscious processes related to the action. The action and reason necessarily depend on the perspective of the acting agent. Furthermore, neuroscientific research cannot show us whether the reasons and the actions areright. It could perhaps offer a unique contribution when it comes to the question of whether we areableto the right thing for the right reasons. To what extent it can remains an open question.
‘Neurorecht’ in Nederland
Authors: Schleim Stephan
Published: October 2019

‘Neurolaw’ in the Netherlands: The justification of the new adolescent penal law from a neurophilosophical perspective

The possible and actual normative influence of neuroscientific research has been discussed in numerous publications. One particular part of that debate covered a number of US Supreme Court decisions since the early 2000s on the constitutionality of death or lifetime sentences for minor offenders. The present paper connects these topics to the new Dutch adolescent penal law which allows to treat adult offenders until the age of 22 years under certain conditions according to the rules for minors. The justification of this law referred to adolescents’ and young adults’ brain development in a unique manner. This paper does not only describe the essential steps of the lawmaking process and the legal justification of the new adolescent penal law, but also analyzes in depth in how far the used neuroscientific findings are able to support the normative conclusions.
Het web-model
Authors: Janssen Annelli
Published: October 2019

The web-model: A new model of explanation for neuroimaging studies

What can neuroimaging tell us about the relation between our brain and our mind? A lot, or so I argue. But neuroscientists should update their model of explanation. Currently, many explanations are (implicitly) based on what I call the ‘mapping model’: a model of explanation which centers on mapping relations between cognition and the brain. I argue that these mappings give us very little information, and that instead, we should focus on finding causal relations. If we take a difference-making approach to causation, we can find manipulation patterns between neural and cognitive phenomena and start constructing satisfying explanations in neuroimaging studies: explanations based on what I call the web-model of explanation. This model of explanation not only contrasts with the mapping model, but is also different from Craver’s constitutive mechanistic model of explanation (2007), which takes the constitutive relation to be the main explanatory relation. Taking the difference-making idea of the importance of manipulation and control seriously, means that sometimes, causal relations are preferred over constitutive relations. If we follow the web-model of explanation, we can do justice to the central role that causation should play in neuroscientific explanations.
Appels, peren en fruit
Authors: van Stee Annemarie
Published: October 2019

Conceptual review as task analysis method

Meta-analysis is a crucial research tool in cognitive neuroscience. For meta-analysis to succeed, it is important that studies that are grouped together investigate the same cognitive process and that studies that investigate different cognitive processes are grouped apart. After all, comparing apples and oranges makes no sense. Studies’ comparability depends on the cognitive tasks employed. Yet current meta-analyses, especially when automated (e.g. Neurosynth, BrainMap), select and group studies based on cognitive labels (e.g. ‘working memory’, ‘self-reflection’). Unfortunately, labels are often applied inconsistently to tasks: different tasks may receive the same cognitive label, leading to a comparison of apples and oranges during meta-analysis; and the same task may receive different labels, leading to meta-analyses that fail to include all apples, so to speak. I propose conceptual review as a method for overcoming this problem. A conceptual review analyzes the conceptual implications of task choices made in a cognitive neuroscience subfield. It applies philosophical ways of uncovering and analyzing implicit assumptions to the methodological choices neuroscientists make. I explicate how this works and discuss several ways in which conceptual review would benefit cognitive neuroscience. Conceptual review could be combined with neuro-informatics to improve the quality of automated versions of meta-analysis and thereby provide an important contribution to progress in cognitive neuroscience.
Invisible Revolutionaries: Women' s Participation in the Revolution of Dignity
Authors: Nikolayenko Olena
Published: October 2019

The article develops a typology of revolutions based upon women's roles over the course of revolutionary struggle. In addition to the patriarchal and the emancipatory models, the study proposes a hybrid model of women's participation in a revolution, characterized by the diversity and
fluidity of women's roles. According to the hybrid model, women’s involvement in a revolution can follow three different strategies: (1) acquiescence to a traditional gender-based division of labor, (2) appropriation of the masculine forms of resistance, and (3) mixing of diverse modes
of action. Using the case of the 2013–2014 Revolution of Dignity in Ukraine, the empirical analysis demonstrates multifaceted forms of women's activism. The study contributes to the literature by broadening the conceptualization of women's participation in a contemporary urban revolution.
Otero Enríquez, R. (2017): Sociología e historia de la ciudad desconcentrada, CIS, Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas, Madrid. 421 pp
Authors: Rodríguez Muñoz María
Published: October 2019

Raimundo Otero Enríquez es doctor en Sociología y profesor en el departamento de Sociología y comunicación de la Universidad de Coruña. Sus principales líneas de investigación son el análisis de procesos de desconcentración urbana, la gentrificación, los estudios sobre agricultura urbana, las gobernanzas participativas y la contraurbanización. Sociología e historia de la ciudad desconcertada aúna varias de estas líneas, en concreto la desconcentración urbana y la contraurbanización. La obra se publica en el año 2017, por lo que se puede decir que surge en un momento en el que los estudios sobre ciudad y urbanismo, a pesar de ser diversos tanto en la temática como en la disciplina desde la que se producen, tienen que ver mayoritariamente con los procesos que ocurren al interior de las ciudades.
Serranò, A. (2018): Las Víctimas del Terrorismo: De la Invisibilidad a los Derechos, Cizur Menor, Thomson Reuters Aranzadi, 407 pp
Authors: Argomaniz Javier
Published: October 2019

La obra aquí presentada se enfoca en un tipo de actor que ha sido ignorado demasiado a menudo en la literatura internacional sobre terrorismo: las propias víctimas de la violencia. Y esta aportación de la profesora Serranò no solo representa un excelente intento de remediar esta situación de desinterés, sino también una de las aportaciones más destacadas al estudio de los derechos de las víctimas del terrorismo en el marco europeo.
A sereiazinha surda: uma adaptação literária
Authors: Nascimento Kátia
Published: October 2019

Este artigo descreve o processo de adaptação do conto “A Sereiazinha” de Andersen, em conformidade com a proposta de ajustá-lo ao contexto da cultura surda. O principal objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de experienciar o processo de adaptação literária, para melhor compreendê-lo. Procurou-se também colaborar para a ampliação do acervo da Literatura Surda, que ainda se apresenta muito reduzido, com a produção de um novo texto. As principais referências teóricas foram Carvalho, Huston e Karnopp. A metodologia embasou-se nesse referencial teórico e na análise de outras obras anteriormente adaptadas para a Cultura Surda. Ao final, concluiu-se que novas produções de Literatura Surda, assim como sua propagação, favorecem o reconhecimento dos surdos como um grupo cultural com identidade própria.
The susceptibility of Proteus mirabilis and Enterococcus faecalis to various antimicrobial agents in polymicrobial biofilms formed using a drip flow reactor
Authors: KART Didem
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Interspecies interactions in poly-species biofilm are substantial. Our aim is to set up dynamic biofilm models ofEnterococcus faecalis and Proteus mirabilis using Drip Flow Biofilm Reactor (DFR) and to evaluate the effect of these dual populationon anti-biofilms of some antimicrobials.Materials and Methods: E.faecalis and P.mirabilis biofilms were formed in a DFR. Influences of the dual interactions on theirsusceptibilities to antimicrobial agents (disinfectants, antibiotics and probiotic strains) were determined.Results: Gluteraldehyde and quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) effectively killed the cells in both biofilms of E.faecalis andP.mirabilis. However, the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was dependant on the microbial species present. P. mirabilis was lesssusceptible to the ampicillin and ciprofloxacin in co-culture compared to when cultured alone. Here, the influence of the presenceof E.faecalis on P.mirabilis susceptibility was determined. For high concentrations of ciprofloxacin (1024 and 512 μg/ml), the logreduction in P.mirabilis cells was determined as approximately 4.5 and 3.5 in mono and dual-species biofilms respectively. Comparedto B.lactis, L.acidophilus was found to be more effective both on single and dual species.Conclusion: The effect of antimicrobial agents on microbial cells in a polymicrobial biofilm may depend on the composition of thebiofilm.
Synthesis and Antiproliferative activity in vitro of Amidino Substituted 2-phenylbenzazoles
Authors: Racané Livio , Butković Kristina , Martin-Kleiner Irena , Kralj Marijeta , Karminski-Zamola Grace , Hranjec Marijana
Published: October 2019

Within this work we describe the synthesis of versatile substituted 2-phenyl benzothiazole 3–10 and 2-phenylbenzimidazole 12–19 derivatives bearing amidino groups. Furthermore, the synthesized compounds were explored for their antiproliferative activity in vitro on three cancer cell lines. Tested compounds showed moderate to strong antiproliferative activity. Furthermore, the type of the attached amidino group on benzazole nuclei has the significant impact on the antiproliferative activity only within benzimidazole derivatives with 2-imidazolinyl substituted derivatives being more active in comparison to amidino substituted analogues. All obtained results revealed that this type of benzothiazole derivatives have a great potential for further optimization and development of more efficient potential antiproliferative agents.
Introduction: Tech-Fear. Histories of a Multifaceted Relationship/Einleitung: TechnikAngst. Zur Geschichte eines vielgestaltigen Verhältnisses
Authors: Heßler Martina , Hitzer Bettina
Published: October 2019

Fear of technology has a bad reputation. It is often seen as irrational, unfounded and hostile to innovation. The ascription of fear has at times been used to defame critics of technology. Günther Anders, for example, complained in the 1950s that there was “nothing more precarious [...] that blames a man so promptly as the suspicion that he was a machine critic”.
Fear of Falling Behind and the Medicalization of Computer Attitudes in Cold War USA (1960s–1980s)/Angst vor dem Zurückbleiben. „Computerphobia“ in den USA während des Kalten Krieges (1960er bis 1980er Jahre)
Authors: Sanvitale Ginevra
Published: October 2019

This article explores the multifaceted ways in which fear has informed US computer narratives during the Cold War, by analyzing the relationship be­ tween “fear of falling behind” and the medicalization of “computer attitudes”, “computer anxiety” and “computerphobia” (CAAP). The article focuses on the historical unfolding of this medicalization process from the 1960s to the 1980s, drawing upon the parallel developments of debates about computers in education and the formalization of CAAP as a research topic in the Behav­ ioral Sciences. These developments are presented through official reports, conference proceedings, and academic articles of the period. Large computer projects by the US military­industrial complex, such as SAGE or SDI, were justified by narratives of the fearful consequences of falling behind in the Cold War. From the 1960s onwards, resistance to computers was described as an individual “anxiety” or “phobia” in a number of reports and studies. These negative feelings allegedly hindered personal and professional success as well as endangered the future of the country. In this way, the Cold War “fear of falling behind” was translated into a concern which was rooted in the individual sphere. Furthermore, CAAP definitions were informed by Cold War ambitions of building a technologically advanced capitalist society. As a result, the medicalization of CAAP marginalized competing perspectives on computers and their social significance, particularly those originating in the counterculture of the 1960s and 1970s.
The Mechanics of Fear. Re-envisioning Anxiety through Emerging Technologies of Affect/Funktionsweisen der Furcht. Neue Konzepte von Angst im Kontext der emotionalen Robotik
Authors: White Daniel
Published: October 2019

While there has been ample research in the fields of psychology and human- robot interaction on humans’ fear toward robots, advancements in artificial emotional intelligence and emotional robotics suggest the need to investigate not only the mechanisms by which humans in different social contexts de- velop anxiety toward robots but also the mechanics by which robots might develop anxiety themselves. Based on a year of ethnographic research among engineers in Japan modeling emotion in robots, this article contends that exploring how robots are both designed and imagined to sense anxiety reveals productive feedback loops between entertainment robotics, artificial intelligence research, and an evolving psychology of human-robot relations in Japan. By outlining some of the social, scientific, and political implications of these feedback loops, the essay aims to help answer the question of how recent technological strategies to realize robots that not only read, perform, but also in a philosophical and social sense have emotion are reshaping the designs of psychological research on fear and anxiety in contemporary Japan.
Steuerrecht
Authors: Fehrenbacher Oliver
Published: October 2019

Das Lehrbuch ermöglicht es Juristen, aber auch Angehörigen anderer Berufsgruppen, die das Steuerrecht erlernen wollen (oder müssen), sich in das Steuersystem in Deutschland zügig einzuarbeiten. Der gewählte Umfang und die kompakte Darstellung sollen diejenigen ermutigen, die sich das Steuerrecht aneignen wollen und bisher durch umfangreichere Werke abgeschreckt wurden.
Die Neuauflage berücksichtigt die Erbschaftsteuerreform und die geplante Reform der Grundsteuer!
In dem Lehrbuch werden die wichtigsten Steuerarten (Einkommen-, Körperschaft-, Gewerbe-, Erbschaft- und Umsatzsteuer) behandelt; Fragen der Finanzverfassung sowie das allgemeine Steuerrecht werden erläutert. Der Aufbau des Lehrbuchs hat sich nicht verändert: Die einzelnen Kapitel sind, soweit die Materie es erlaubt, einheitlich gestaltet, was die Übersichtlichkeit erleichtert und Parallelen bzw. Unterschiede bei den einzelnen Steuerarten deutlich macht. Jedem Kapitel ist ein Fall vorangestellt, dessen Lösung am Ende des Kapitels ausgeführt ist. Ferner finden sich am Ende jedes Kapitels Fragen, welche die Wiederholung erleichtern und zur Vertiefung anregen sollen.
Roboterjournalismus
Authors: Habel Dominic
Published: October 2019

Starting from Rudolf Augstein's adage to “tell it like it is”, the author examines whether legal standards change when an algorithm tells it like it is, rather than a human being. The work addresses communications and legal scholars, but also journalists and software companies, who programme journalism bots. In addition to solutions for robotic journalism, such as liability, attribution, transparency, and whether and to what extent it is sufficient to plant a “copyright seed2 – a software – whose output – a journalistic text – cannot be absolutely predicted by humans for copyright protection of computer-generated texts, the author also deals with fundamental questions of (media) constitutional law. These include the derivation of the principle of diversity of opinion as an independent constitutional principle that stands alongside (media) fundamental rights with an independent guarantee content (“media diversity guarantee law”).
Europarecht
Authors: Bieber Roland , Epiney Astrid , Haag Marcel , Kotzur Markus
Published: October 2019

Sie wollen sich auf eine Prüfung im Europarecht vorbereiten? Oder sich einen Überblick über eines der spannendsten und vielfältigsten Rechtsgebiete verschaffen? Dann ist das Buch „Europarecht. In Fragen und Antworten“ genau das Richtige für Sie! 400 Fragen führen Sie durch die zentralen Bereiche des Rechts der Europäischen Union. Testen Sie Ihr Wissen!
Das Unionsrecht ist stark rechtsprechungsgeprägt. Aus diesem Grund werden die Entscheidungen des EuGH besonders berücksichtigt, zu den meisten Fragen die Leitentscheidungen nachgewiesen, zahlreiche Fragen den Fällen nachgebildet, die der EuGH zu entscheiden hatte und am Ende jeder Antwort weiterführende Hinweise gegeben.
Die 5. Auflage berücksichtigt den aktuellen Stand zum Brexit sowie künftige Perspektiven für die EU, bis hin zu einem gemeinsamen Haushalt für die Eurozone.
Die ideale Ergänzung des Lehrbuchs von Bieber/Epiney/Haag/Kotzur (13. Auflage), „Die Europäische Union“!
Le statut ontologique du plaisir
Authors: Costa Iacopo ,   Editua Polirom
Published: October 2019

The aim of this paper is to study some aspects of the Medieval Latin reception of Aristotle’s theory of pleasure (Eth. Nic. X). First, I introduce Aristotle’s position, with special attention to the problem of the ontological status of pleasure and the relationship between pleasure and the different genera of causes (viz. formal and final causality), as well as the somehow ambiguous exegesis of Michael of Ephesus. Second, I take into account the interpretation given by Albert the Great in his first commentary on the Ethics. Finally, I present some theological issues raised by Albert’s interpretation, in the discussions about beatific vision. The authors taken in account are James of Viterbo, Radulphus Brito, Peter Auriol and William of Ockham.
Protagoras 351b3‑358d4 : le plaisir et rien d’autre
Authors: Tordo·Rombaut Karine ,   Editua Polirom
Published: October 2019

In Protagoras 351b3‑358d4, Socrates apparently admits the use of pleasure and pain as criteria for distinguishing between good and bad. Focusing on this passage, my paper outlines three problems, raising from : (1) the contradiction between Socrates’ objection to pleasure in other platonic dialogues and his assent here to a hypothesis which identifies good with pleasure ; (2) the petitio principii apparently involved in Socrates’ argument to support the thought that knowledge is more powerful than emotions ; (3) the compatibility of his “ hedonist ” hypothesis with his “intellectualist” thought. My paper undertakes to reconstruct Socrates’ argument, in order to answer problem (2). I contend that this argument makes the humans admit they are deprived of the knowledge both of good and evil and of pleasant and painful, a point sufficient to silence them when they speak of “knowledge being defeated by pleasure”. This contention helps answering problem (1), through a distinction between so‑called pleasures (to which Socrates objects) and real ones (which he might accept). My conclusion answers problem (3), by showing that, held together, both the “hedonist” hypothesis and the “intellectualist” thought lead to not take pleasure for granted, as required to secure a philosophical approach.