bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alimentation et dépôts lipidiques chez la truite arc-en-ciel, effet de la température d’élevage
Authors: CORRAZE G. , LARROQUET L. , MÉDALE F.
Published: July 2020

Cet article fait le point sur la régulation de la genèse des dépôts lipidiques par l’alimentation chez les poissons, sur la base de données bibliographiques existantes et de données personnelles obtenues chez la truite arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Chez la truite arc-en-ciel, l’importance quantitative des dépôts lipidiques corporels varie avec la teneur en lipides des aliments, mais les mécanismes de dépôts sont identiques quel que soit le régime alimentaire. Le tissu adipeux périviscéral est le principal site de stockage des lipides alimentaires chez cette espèce.Les régimes riches en glucides digestibles conduisent à une augmentation de la quantité de lipides corporels, qui semble plus liée à une épargne des lipides par les glucides qu’à une synthèse "de novo" de lipides. En effet, les capacités de néosynthèse des lipides à partir du glucose sont faibles chez la truite.La régulation de l’activité des enzymes de la lipogenèse est moins efficace chez les poissons que chez les autres espèces. Des variations de la teneur en lipides alimentaires supérieures à 10 % sont nécessaires pour induire des modifications notables de l’activité de ces enzymes. On observe un effet cumulé des lipides et des glucides alimentaires sur la lipogenèse hépatique.La température d’élevage interagit avec les facteurs alimentaires sur les mécanismes impliqués dans la constitution des dépôts lipidiques, en particulier le transport des lipides est accéléré à basse température mais la capacité de néosynthèse est moindre à 8° qu’à 18°C.
Transport sanguin et métabolisme tissulaire des lipides chez le veau de boucherie. Effets du remplacement du suif par de l’huile de coprah dans l’aliment d’allaitement
Authors: BAUCHART D. , DURAND D. , GRUFFAT-MOUTY D. , PIOT C. , GRAULET B. , CHILLIARD Y. , HOCQUETTE J.F.
Published: July 2020

Cet article décrit le transport sanguin et le métabolisme tissulaire des lipides chez le veau de boucherie recevant un aliment d’allaitement à base d’huile de coprah (riche en acides gras à chaîne moyenne) ou de suif (riche en acides gras longs saturés et insaturés). L’huile de coprah élève fortement la lipémie, notamment les teneurs en cholestérol et en phospholipides. Ses acides gras de type C12:0 et C14:0 sont transportés sélectivement dans les lipoprotéines riches en triglycérides (38 %) ou en cholestérol (44 %).Dans le foie, le captage des acides gras de l’huile de coprah entraîne une stéatose hépatique marquée, due à une teneur accrue en triglycérides (×18). Ceci s’expliquerait à la fois par une élongation des produits de l’oxydation des acides gras à chaîne moyenne (C12:0), par une oxydation plus faible et une estérification en triglycérides accrue des acides gras longs (C18:1n-9) et par une capacité de sécrétion des triglycérides faible et peu modulée. Le potentiel d’oxydation des acides gras dans les tissus musculaires et le potentiel lipogénique du tissu adipeux périrénal ne sont pas influencés par les acides gras alimentaires. En revanche, la composition en acides gras des tissus musculaires et adipeux est fortement marquée avec le régime coprah par l’accumulation du C12:0 et surtout du C14:0 (au détriment du C18:1 n-9) conduisant à élever le degré de saturation des acides gras des lipides de dépôt. En conclusion, l’emploi de l’huile de coprah comme seule source de matières grasses alimentaires n’est pas recommandée chez le veau de boucherie en raison de l’altération du métabolisme du foie (stéatose), de l’absence d’amélioration des performances de croissance et de la dépréciation de la qualité diététique de la viande pour le consommateur par le dépôt accru d’acides gras saturés à propriétés athérogènes.
Régulation du métabolisme lipidique des tissus adipeux et musculaires chez le ruminant. Effets du niveau alimentaire et de la photopériode
Authors: FAULCONNIER Y. , BONNET M. , BOCQUIER F. , LEROUX C. , HOCQUETTE J.F. , MARTIN P. , CHILLIARD Y.
Published: July 2020

Les effets respectifs de l’état nutritionnel et de la photopériode sur le métabolisme lipidique et le partage de nutriments entre le tissu adipeux et le muscle sont récapitulés chez le ruminant, en particulier pour ce qui concerne l’expression des gènes spécifiant les enzymes lipogéniques et la lipoprotéine-lipase chez la vache et la brebis. La restriction alimentaire diminue la synthèse "de novo" d’acides gras et l’activité lipoprotéine-lipasique dans les tissus adipeux des ruminants adultes ou en croissance. Ces effets sont partiellement ou totalement inversés par la réalimentation. Chez les ovins et les bovins adultes, l’activité lipoprotéine-lipasique est diminuée par la restriction dans le muscle cardiaque, oxydatif, inchangée dans le muscle ; Longissimus thoracis, glycolytique, et augmentée par la réalimentation dans ces deux muscles. Les activités lipoprotéine-lipasiques du tissu adipeux et du muscle de ruminant répondent donc dans le même sens à des variations de l’état nutritionnel, contrairement aux données généralement publiées chez le rat. De plus, les taux d’ARNm de la lipoprotéine-lipase dans le tissu adipeux et le muscle varient de manières identiques à son activité chez les différentes espèces, ce qui suggère une régulation, au moins en partie, pré-traductionnelle de l’expression du gène spécifiant cette enzyme. La photopériode exerce une influence directe sur l’activité métabolique des tissus adipeux et musculaires de brebis. Ainsi, les capacités lipogéniques du tissu adipeux et l’activité lipoprotéine-lipasique du muscle glycolytique sont augmentées par les jours longs. Inversement, la lipomobilisation est augmentée par les jours courts. Ces adaptations métaboliques sont probablement impliquées dans les adaptations physiologiques des ovins aux variations saisonnières des disponibilités alimentaires.
Facteurs de variation de la lipogenèse dans les adipocytes et les tissus adipeux chez le porc
Authors: MOUROT J. , KOUBA M. , SALVATORI G.
Published: July 2020

Le porc, longtemps considéré comme un fournisseur de corps gras, a fait l’objet, dans les années 50, de nombreuses critiques de la part des consommateurs vis-à-vis de son adiposité. Des programmes de sélection et une meilleure connaissance des besoins alimentaires ont permis de réduire fortement l’adiposité de la carcasse et d’en augmenter la teneur en viande. Dans le même temps, des recherches sur la lipogenèse ont été conduites sur la croissance et le développement des tissus adipeux. Ces travaux, qui ont essentiellement concerné les tissus adipeux externes ou internes, sont relativement anciens et doivent être réactualisés. En effet, les porcs actuels ont une adiposité de la carcasse inférieure à 20 % alors qu’en 1960, l’adiposité était supérieure à 40 %.
Les études actuelles sont aussi davantage orientées vers la connaissance du tissu adipeux intramusculaire en relation avec les qualités organoleptiques de la viande. Ce tissu est formé d’adipocytes essentiellement groupés le long des faisceaux de fibres. La teneur en lipides de la viande étant jugée trop faible par les consommateurs, il faudrait envisager de doubler la quantité de tissu adipeux intramusculaire. Les travaux présentés dans cet article ont montré que les adipocytes intramusculaires ont une capacité de synthèse lipidique supérieure à celle des adipocytes des tissus adipeux externes. On peut espérer stimuler la lipogenèse intramusculaire par des facteurs d’élevage, mais il est vraisemblable que le facteur limitant restera le nombre d’adipocytes. Il faut donc envisager de stimuler la prolifération adipocytaire, ce qui nécessite de connaître les mécanismes qui contrôlent cette multiplication. Actuellement, les travaux s’orientent vers la recherche de marqueurs de la prolifération des adipocytes intramusculaires chez le porc, mais aussi chez les autres espèces animales pauvres en lipides intramusculaires comme les volailles ou le lapin.
Le transfert d’embryons chez les équidés
Authors: LAGNEAUX D. , DUCHAMP G.
Published: July 2020

Cet article fait partie du dossierActualités en reproduction équine
La qualité des spermatozoïdes et du plasma séminal : quelles sont les fonctions explorables ?
Authors: MAGISTRINI M.
Published: July 2020

Cet article fait partie du dossier Actualités en reproduction équine
O ESTADO DE COISAS INCONSTITUCIONAL FACE AO REITERADO ROMPIMENTO DE BARRAGENS NO BRASIL
Authors: Rosmaninho Alves Henrique
Published: July 2020

O presente estudo tem como objetivo averiguar a possibilidade de caracterização do Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional face ao quadro de reiterado rompimento de barragens no país. Para tanto analisou-se o histórico de desastres com barragens ocorridos ao longo dos últimos anos, os danos provocados por estes eventos, a legislação em vigor sobre segurança de barragens e o conteúdo e requisitos essenciais do Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional. Realizou-se uma investigação jurídico-sociológica, visto que se partiu da análise do fenômeno socioambiental, relativamente à sua origem e abrangência, para posteriormente debruçar-se sobre a legislação vigente e o cabimento da tese do Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional, momento no qual o estudo adquiriu um viés jurídico-dogmático. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, predominantemente bibliográfica, na qual adotou-se como marco teórico a concepção de Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional emanada pela Corte Constitucional da Colômbia, empregando-se o raciocínio dedutivo para a resolução do problema proposto. Conclui-se pelo cabimento da caracterização do Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional ao cenário de reiterados rompimentos de barragens, propondo-se a adoção de cinco medidas para auxiliar na promoção da superação do ECI no caso em tela.
DIREITO SUCESSÓRIO DO CÔNJUGE E COMPANHEIRO NA VISÃO DOS TRIBUNAIS SUPERIORES
Authors: Schelive Correia Italo , Tomasi Almeida Dal Molin Janaína
Published: July 2020

O tema direito sucessório do cônjuge e do companheiro desperta embates no meio acadêmico, sobretudo após a decisão pronunciada no julgamento dos Recursos Extraordinários 878.694 e 646.721 no tocante à sucessão na união estável. Com a pretensão de abordar seus pontos mais relevantes, a pesquisa evidenciou a evolução dada ao cônjuge e ao companheiro com vistas aos Códigos Civis pátrios de 1916 e 2002 acerca do aspecto sucessório, com ênfase nas alterações da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988 (CRFB/88). A união estável foi reconhecida pela CRFB/88 como entidade familiar, mas somente com as Leis nº 8.971/94 e 9.278/96 é que os direitos a alimentos, meação e sucessórios, entre os companheiros, passaram a integrar definitivamente a legislação pátria. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica através de uma análise literal, doutrinária e jurisprudencial. A pesquisa aponta que não houve modificação ou revogação de dispositivos pelo Código Civil de 2002, cabendo à doutrina e à jurisprudência indicar quais construções jurídicas ainda persistem. Nesse aspecto, ainda que o Supremo Tribunal Federal tenha decidido pela equiparação entre cônjuge e companheiro em matéria sucessória, muitas questões não foram decididas no julgamento dos recursos, como o caso da inclusão ou não do companheiro como herdeiro. Isto demonstra um protagonismo judiciário que tem buscado de forma eficiente a solução de litígios envolvendo aspectos sucessórios na união estável de modo que estes se equiparam aos do casamento.
La imagen de la universidad en el cine español del franquismo: estudio de los personajes de muerte de un ciclista (Juan Antonio Bardem, 1955)
Authors: Durán Manso Valeriano
Published: July 2020

Las películas españolas del franquismo (1939-1975) que se desarrollan en la Universidad son escasas y suelen enmarcarse en la comedia, sobre todo en la década de 1960. Sin embargo, la primera de ellas pertenece al cine negro y al melodrama, y contiene rasgos del neorrealismo italiano: Muerte de un ciclista (Juan Antonio Bardem, 1955). Este filme está protagonizado por un profesor universitario y refleja el modelo de docente imperante en la época, el rol de la mujer en el aula o las aspiraciones del alumnado en el contexto político, social e ideológico del régimen. Con el objetivo de reflexionar sobre las películas de este periodo centradas en la Universidad, y abordar las de los años 50, se analizan los personajes principales de este filme como persona y como rol, según Casetti y Di Chio. Así, se pretende delimitar los prototipos de personajes ligados a la universidad española de estos años.
Analyzing the Current Status of India in Global Scenario with Reference to COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yadav Dharmendra Kumar , Shukla Sharvari , Yadav S.K.
Published: July 2020

The crux of the paper is to present a detailed analysis of COVID-19 data which is available on global basis. This analysis is performed using some specific package of R software. It provides various insights from the data and help to understand the current status of this pandemic in India so that effective measures can be formulated by policymakers. These insights include global summary of this disease, growth rate of this pandemic and performance of SIR model for the given global data. The analysis has been presented in different tables and graphs to understand the outputs of the problem in a more detailed point of view.
Total Knee Arthroplasty: Opioid-Free Analgesia in a Patient with Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia
Authors: Kadado Allen , Slotkin Steven , Akioyamen Noel Osereimen , El-Alam Andrew , North Wayne Trevor
Published: July 2020

Case:

Pain control after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains a significant challenge, especially in the context of certain patient-specific factors. We present a case of a 59-year-old woman with opioid-induced hyperalgesia who was referred for left knee pain and end-stage tricompartmental degenerative joint disease after failure of conservative management. We outline an approach to control postoperative pain in patients undergoing TKA who have severe opioid contraindications.

Conclusions:

TKA and rehabilitation with a 6-year follow-up period was accomplished using a multimodal nonopioid approach, consisting of a combination of gabapentin, acetaminophen, ketorolac, meloxicam, methocarbamol, a tunneled femoral nerve catheter, and periarticular injection.
Avifauna del Parque Nacional Natural Selva de Florencia (Samaná, Caldas, Colombia): nuevos registros y ampliaciones de distribución
Authors: Gómez Daniela , Orozco Kelly , Cardona Felipe , Pineda Milton , Bedoya Mary Luz , Ocampo David
Published: July 2020

El Parque Nacional Natural Selva de Florencia es considerado uno de los últimos fragmentos de bosque pluvial andino de la cordillera Central de Colombia. Con el propósito de actualizar el estado del conocimiento de la avifauna del Parque recopilamos información obtenida mediante monitoreos realizados desde 2012 y registros de dos expediciones realizadas entre 2017 y 2018. Registramos 357 especies, de las cuales 11 son endémicas y 20 tienen alguna categoría de amenaza. Reportamos 18 nuevas especies para el departamento, con ampliaciones en el rango de su distribución para 12 de ellas. El contacto de ensamblajes de especies de bosques montanos con los de especies de influencia del valle del Magdalena medio, sumado al buen estado de conservación y regeneración de los ecosistemas, en gran medida producto del restringido acceso generado por el conflicto armado, podrían explicar la gran riqueza de especies de aves en la zona (≈20% de las especies de Colombia en menos del 0.01% del territorio). Esta nueva información contribuye al conocimiento de la distribución de la avifauna en los Andes Centrales y reafirman al PNN Selva de Florencia como una zona prioritaria para el estudio y la conservación de la biodiversidad.
Podalia orsilochus (Lepidoptera: Megalopygidae): Confirmación de su presencia en Colombia y primer registro en el Chocó
Authors: Prada Lara Liliana , Amarillo-Suárez Ángela R. , Fagua Giovanny
Published: July 2020

Mediante capturas realizadas empleando trampa de luz en el Parque Nacional Natural Utría, Chocó, en 2017, se recolectaron cinco machos de Podalia orsilochus (Megalopygidae), confirmando la presencia de esta especie en Colombia y siendo el primer registro de ella para el departamento del Chocó. Así mismo, la identificación de especímenes fotografiados complementó los registros, mediante la adición de localidades de Antioquia, Caldas, Huila, Quindío, Santander y Valle del Cauca.
New distributional records for Gonatodes albogularis (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae) from eastern Colombia
Authors: Caicedo Portilla José Rancés , Gutierrez Lamus Doris L.
Published: July 2020

Documentamos los registros más al oriente del lagarto Gonatodes albogularis en Colombia, sospechamos que estas corresponden a introducciones, ya que los ejemplares se han recolectado siempre en hábitats antrópicos. No tenemos certeza de que los registros históricos de la vertiente oriental de la Cordillera Oriental corresponden a introducciones accidentales (especie trasplantada) o si, por el contrario, son en realidad la distribución histórica de la especie. Consideramos que G. albogularis es una especie que va a seguir dispersándose en las regiones de la Amazonia y la Orinoquia. Se deben realizar estudios poblacionales por medio de herramientas moleculares (haplotipos) para poder dilucidar el origen de las poblaciones cisandinas de esta especie en el país. Reportamos el segundo ejemplar con leucismo en Colombia.
Evaluasi Patogenisitas Jamur Metarhizium anisopliae Terhadap Hama Uret Tebu, Lepidiota stigma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Indrayani I Gusti Agung Ayu , Ridhawati Aprilia
Published: July 2020

Pengendalian hama uret tebu, L. stigma secara kimiawi berdampak negatif terhadap perkembangan biota tanah yang tentunya berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kesuburan tanah. Alternatif yang dapat dipertimbangkan dalam pengendalian hama uret pada tebu adalah dengan jamur M. anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Patologi Serangga Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat (Balittas) mulai Januari sampai dengan Juli 2016. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengevaluasi patogenisitas dua isolat jamur M. anisopliae terhadap hama uret tebu, L. stigma. Dalam penelitian ini, dua isolat jamur M. anisopliae, yaitu JTMa-2 dan BLMa-8 diujikan pada lima konsentrasi konidia, yaitu: (1) 1 x 107; (2) 5 x 107; (3) 1 x 108; (4) 2,5 x 108; dan (5) 5 x 108 konidia/ml, serta (6) Kontrol (tanpa perlakuan). Setiap perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah mortalitas uret, mikosis, LC50 dan LT50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat JTMa-2 patogenik terhadap uret tebu, L. stigma dengan menyebabkan mortalitas uret sebesar 91,7% dan tingkat mikosis mencapai 67,6%.  Isolat JTMa-2 memiliki virulensi tinggi dengan nilai LC50 cukup rendah, yaitu 2.9 x 107 konidia/ml dan juga dengan nilai LT50 terendah, yaitu 29 hari. Tingginya mortalitas dan mikosis, dan rendahnya LC50 serta LT50 menunjukkan bahwa isolat JTMa-2 merupakan isolat yang virulen dan patogenik terhadap uret L. stigma.
Keragaman Karakter Morfologi dan Biokimia Isolat Khamir Rizosfer dan Endofit Tanaman Padi
Authors: Pratiwi Etty , Akhdiya Alina , Akhdiya Alina
Published: July 2020

Khamir merupakan mikroorganisme uniseluler yang diklasifikasikan ke dalam kerajaan fungi. Mikroba ini memiliki potensi tidak hanya sebagai pupuk hayati, tetapi juga sebagai agen biokontrol, dekomposer, bioremediasi, serta sebagai probiotik, prebiotik, dan imunostimulan untuk ternak. Penelitian mengenai eksplorasi khamir yang berasal dari rizosfer dan jaringan sudah banyak dilakukan pada berbagai tanaman, tetapi eksplorasi khamir yang berasal dari lahan pertanian padi di Indonesia belum banyak dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan isolasi dan karakterisasi khamir dari rizosfer dan jaringan tanaman padi dari beberapa contoh tanah yang memiliki pH tanah rendah, pH netral, dan pH tinggi. Sebanyak 33 isolat khamir berhasil diisolasi dari rizosfer pada kedalaman 20–30 cm dan jaringan tanaman padi. Sebanyak 16 isolat khamir diperoleh dari rizosfer, sedangkan 17 isolat yang lain berasal dari jaringan tanaman (9 isolat dari jaringan daun dan 8 isolat dari jaringan akar). Hasil karakterisasi secara morfologi makroskopis dan mikroskopis, serta secara fisiologis dan biokimia menunjukkan bahwa 33 isolat khamir tersebut dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam 5 genus, yaitu genus Saccharomyces, Candida, Pichia, Hansenula, dan Torulaspora. Isolasi khamir dari contoh tanah atau contoh jaringan tanaman padi dari beberapa daerah yang memiliki pH tanah yang berbeda tidak memperlihatkan spesifisitas genus khamir tertentu yang diperoleh. Jenis-jenis khamir tersebut dapat diisolasi dari contoh tanah maupun jaringan tanaman.
Eksplorasi dan Inventarisasi Tumbuhan Obat Lokal Berpotensi sebagai Antiinflamasi di Tiga Suku Dayak, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Suryatinah Yuniarti , S. Mery Budiarti , Wijaya Nur Rahmawati , Tjandrarini Dwi Hapsari
Published: July 2020

Pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat sebagai salah satu alternatif bahan baku pengganti obat sintetis masih belum terinventarisasi secara lengkap sehingga perlu dilakukan inventarisasi penggunaan ramuan yang digunakan oleh pengobat tradisional pada suku-suku setempat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengeksplorasi dan menginventarisasi tumbuhan obat lokal sebagai antiinflamasi pada tiga suku Dayak di Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2015 di tiga suku Dayak di Kalimantan Selatan, yaitu Dayak Pitap, Dayak Deyah, dan Dayak Harakit. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei eksploratif dengan variabel bebas pengobat tradisional (battra) yang ada di
setiap suku dan variabel tergantung yaitu ramuan obat tradisional, tumbuhan obat (TO) yang digunakan dalam ramuan inflamasi, serta kearifan lokal dalam pengelolaan pemanfaatan TO. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dengan teknik terstruktur dan bebas. Hasil eksplorasi diperoleh sembilan belas tumbuhan obat lokal yang berpotensi sebagai antiinflamasi yang digunakan oleh Dayak Pitap, Dayak Deyah, dan Dayak Harakit di Kalimantan Selatan, yaitu penawar seribu atau Euphorbia tithymaloides L., kaminting atau Aleurites
moluccanus (L.) Willd., kayu kusi atau Koompassia excelsa (Becc.) Taub., sarai atau Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf., halinjuang habang atau Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Chev., hambawang atau Mangifera foetida Lour., kacang panjang atau Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., lombok atau Capsicum sp., tengkutut asu atau Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng., sangkurukut atau Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq., terong pipit atau Solanum torvum Sw., limau kuit atau Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle, bubuta atau Macaranga tanarius (L.) Müll. Arg., hantata atau Bridelia glauca Blume, sungharus atau Neonauclea calycina (Bartl. ex DC.) Merr., bakung atau Lilium sp., tibaran atau Pennisetum purpureum Schumach., binjai atau Mangifera caesia Jack., dan katuk atau Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.
Bone and Shell Tools and Ornament from the Feature 2 Midden Mound at the A. C. Saunders Site (41AN19), Anderson County, Texas
Authors: Perttula
Published: July 2020

The A. C. Saunders site (41AN19) is an important ancestral Caddo settlement in the upper Neches River basin in Anderson County in East Texas. The site is one of only a few ancestral Caddo sites with mound features in the upper Neches River basin, particularly those that are known to date after ca. A.D. 1400, but this part of the upper Neches River basin, including its many tributaries, such as Caddo Creek just to the south and west, was widely settled by Caddo farmers after that time. These Caddo groups left behind evidence of year-round occupied settlements with house structures, middens, and outdoor activity areas, impressive artifact assemblages, as well as the creation of numerous cemeteries, most apparently the product of use by families or lineage groups.
Current Research: Preliminary Survey of the Eastern Half of the Boxed Spring Site (41UR30)
Authors: Haley  , Dozier
Published: July 2020

The Boxed Springs site (41UR30) is an Early Caddo site located in East Texas near the Sabine River. This site covers roughly 15.6 acres and contained at least four mounds, middens, and an extended cemetery. The site's location has been known since the late 1950s, with a series of unconnected avocational and professional archaeological investigations as well as unfortunate looting. As one of the few Early Caddo sites in Texas that contain multiple mounds, the Boxed Springs site is poised to provide great insight into Early Caddo mound construction technologies, settlement patterns, subsistence strategies, and trade and exchange.
The Oliver Bolton Collection of Dart and Spear Points from Camp County, Texas, and Other Remarks
Authors: Turner
Published: July 2020

This article analyzes the Bolton Collection of 1384 lithic artifacts, including dart and spear points from the Paleoindian through the Woodland periods. The analysis places the points in the sequence used by Perttula. The points are compared with those from the middle Sabine River basin counties as well as the analysis of the Archaic points of the Cypress Creek drainage basin. In addition, the Archaic and Woodland population density of Camp County based on the proportional frequency of projectile points of known age is compared with that of the middle Sabine River basin counties and the Cypress Basin. Additional comparisons are made with archaeological sites in the Post Oak Savanna to the north and west and in the Blackland Prairie to the west.
Implementasi PSAK 109 Untuk Pengelolaan Zakat, Infaq/Sedekah Pada LAZIS Muhammadiyah Kota Medan
Authors: Nasution Surayya Fadhilah , AK Marlya Fatira , Kholil Ahmad
Published: July 2020

Abstrak:Penelitian ini menggambarkan penerapan Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Nomor 109 (PSAK 109) dalam pengelolaan zakat, infaq / sedekah di LAZIS Muhammadiyah Kota Medan. Melalui penelitian ini, persentase penerapan PSAK 109 dan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan PSAK 109 tidak diterapkan diketahui. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik dokumentasi dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaporan dana zakat, infaq / sedekah yang dilakukan oleh LAZIS Muhammadiyah Kota Medan hanya berupa daftar tanda terima / pengumpulan dan pengeluaran / distribusi yang dicatat berdasarkan tanda terima yang dimiliki. Pelaporan dana zakat, infaq / sedekah LAZIS Muhammadiyah Kota Medan tidak mengikuti PSAK 109.A bstrak:Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang penerapan Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Nomor 109 (PSAK 109) dalam pengelolaan zakat, infaq / sedekah pada LAZIS Muhammadiyah Kota Medan. Melalui penelitian ini, dapat dianggap menerapkan PSAK 109 dan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan tidak diterapkannya PSAK 109. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik dokumentasi dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Dana penelitian zakat, infaq / sedekah yang dilakukan oleh LAZIS Muhammadiyah Kota Medan hanya terdiri dari daftar pencatatan penerimaan / penghimpunan dan penerbitan / penyaluran yang dilaporkan berdasarkan kuitansi-kuitansi yang dihasilkan. Pelaporan dana zakat,hadiah dari pihak LAZIS Muhammadiyah Pusat.
Altered synaptic ultrastructure in the prefrontal cortex of Shank3-deficient rats
Authors: Jacot-Descombes Sarah , Keshav Neha U , Dickstein Dara L. , Wicinski Bridget , Janssen William G. M. , Hiester Liam L. , Sarfo Edward K. , Warda Tahia , Fam Matthew M. , Harony-Nicolas Hala , Buxbaum Joseph D. , Hof Patrick R. , Varghese Merina
Published: July 2020

Background Deletion or mutations of SHANK3 lead to Phelan-McDermid syndrome and monogenic forms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). SHANK3 encodes its eponymous scaffolding protein at excitatory glutamatergic synapses. Altered morphology of dendrites and spines in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and striatum have been associated with behavioral impairments in Shank3-deficient animal models. Given the attentional deficit in these animals, our study explored whether deficiency of Shank3 in a rat model alters neuron morphology and synaptic ultrastructure in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Methods We assessed dendrite and spine morphology and spine density in mPFC layer III neurons in Shank3 -homozygous knockout ( Shank3 -KO), heterozygous ( Shank3 -Het), and wild-type (WT) rats. We used electron microscopy to determine the density of asymmetric synapses in mPFC layer III excitatory neurons in these rats. We measured postsynaptic density (PSD) length, PSD area, and head diameter (HD) of spines at these synapses. Results Basal dendritic morphology was similar among the three genotypes. Spine density and morphology were comparable, but more thin and mushroom spines had larger head volumes in Shank3 -Het compared to WT and Shank3 -KO. All three groups had comparable synapse density and PSD length. Spine HD of total and non-perforated synapses in Shank3 -Het rats, but not Shank3 -KO rats, was significantly larger than in WT rats. The total and non-perforated PSD area was significantly larger in Shank3 -Het rats compared to Shank3 -KO rats. These findings represent preliminary evidence for synaptic ultrastructural alterations in the mPFC of rats that lack one copy of Shank3 and mimic the heterozygous loss of SHANK3 in Phelan-McDermid syndrome. Limitations The Shank3 deletion in the rat model we used does not affect all isoforms of the protein and would only model the effect of the mutations resulting in loss of the N-terminus of the protein. Given the higher prevalence of ASD in males, the ultrastructural study focused only on synaptic structure in male Shank3 -deficient rats. Conclusions We observed increased HD and PSD area in Shank3 -Het rats. These observations suggest the occurrence of altered synaptic ultrastructure in this animal model, further pointing to a key role of defective expression of the Shank3 protein in ASD and Phelan-McDermid syndrome.
A Comparison Of Efece Systems With Tension Band Wiring For Patella Fracture Fixation In Cadavers
Authors: Karadeniz Emre , Keskinöz Elif Nedret
Published: July 2020

Background: EFECE Systems are newly-defined internal fixation systems, which are suitable for patella fracture fixation. The aim of this study was to compare the fixation strength of EFECE Systems with tension band wiring for transverse patellar fracture simulation on fresh frozen cadaver models. Methods: Quadriceps tendon-patella-patellar tendon (QT-P-PT) complex was prepared from human cadavers. After simulation of a transverse patella fracture, in Group 1, 5 patella were fixed with a pair of 1.2 mm EFECE wires and 4 EFECE devices. In Group 2, 5 patella were fixed with a pair of 1.2 mm Kirschner wires (K-wire) and a cerclage wire according to the tension band technique.Using a testing device with custom-made jaws, increasing distraction force was applied to these QT-P-PT complexes. Extension of these complexes with the distraction forces was observed. The maximum distraction force and the elongation during maximum force were evaluated. Results: After 5 experiments with the EFECE Systems, there was no EFECE wire breakage or EFECE wire-EFECE device catching failure. The median maximum force was 740 N (720-810N). During maximum distraction force the median extension was 2.5 mm (1.6-2.5 mm).After 5 experiments with the tension band technique, there was no K-wire breakage. The median maximum force was 330 N (240-510N). During this maximum distraction force the median extension was 3.4 mm (2.2-3.8 mm).Conclusions: Based on the biomechanical advantages, patella fracture treatment with EFECE systems may constitute a reasonable alternative in the treatment of patella fractures.
Analysis of the Effect of Serious Illness Medical Insurance on Relieving the Economic Burden of Rural Residents in China: A Case Study in Jinzhai County
Authors: Li Yang , Duan Guangfeng , Xiong Linping
Published: July 2020

Background: In 2003, China established a New Rural Cooperative Medical System (NRCMS) for rural residents to alleviate the burden of medical expenses among rural residents. However, its reimbursement for high medical costs was insufficient. Therefore, China gradually established the Serious Illness Insurance System (SIMIS) based on NRCMS. After receiving payment through NRCMS, patients in rural areas who met the requirements of SIMIS policy would receive a second payment for their high medical expenses. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the implementation of SIMIS on alleviating the economic burden of rural residents in Jinzhai County. Methods: The study used the inpatient reimbursement data of NRCMS in Jinzhai County, Anhui Province, from 2013 to 2016. We adopted descriptive and regression discontinuity (RD) methods to analyze the payment effect of SIMIS. The RD analysis targeted patients (n = 7,353) whose annual serious illness expenses were between CNY 10,000 (1,414 USD) and CNY 30,000 (4,242 USD), whereas the descriptive analysis was used for data of the patients compensated by SIMIS (n = 2720). Results: The results of RD showed that the actual medical insurance payment proportion increased by about 2.5% (lwald = 0.025, P <0.01), inside medical insurance self-payment proportion increased by about 2% (lwald = 0.020, P <0.10), and outside medical insurance self-payment proportion decreased by about 1.6% (lwald = -0.016, P <0.05). The descriptive results showed that patients with serious illnesses mostly chose to go to a hospital outside the county. The annual average number of hospitalizations was 3.64. The reimbursement mainly came from the NRCMS. The payment amount of SIMIS was relatively small, and the out-of-pocket medical expenses were still high.Conclusion: The medical technology level of Jinzhai County could not meet the needs of patients with seriously illnesses, the number of beneficiaries of SIMIS was small, and the ability to relieve the burden of medical expenses of the rural residents was insufficient. The high out-of-pocket expenses increased the possibility that only people with good economic conditions could benefit from the reimbursement of SIMIS, resulting in inequity.
Transcriptome analysis reveals ethylene-mediated defense responses to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum infection in Cucumis sativus L.
Authors: Dong Jingping , Wang Yuean , Xian Qianqian , Chen Xuehao , Xu Jun
Published: July 2020

Background: Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc), is a severe disease affecting cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production worldwide, but mechanisms underlying Fusarium wilt resistance in cucumber remain unknown. To better understand of the defense mechanisms elicited in response to Foc inoculation, RNA sequencing-based transcriptomic profiling of responses of the Fusarium wilt-resistant cucumber line ‘Rijiecheng’ at 0, 24, 48, 96, and 192 hours after Foc inoculation was performed.Results: We identified 4116 genes that were differentially expressed between 0 hour and other time points after inoculation. All ethylene-related and pathogenesis-related genes from the differentially expressed genes were filtered out. Real-time PCR analysis showed that ethylene-related genes were induced in response to Foc infection. Importantly, after Foc infection and exogenous application of ethephon, a donor of ethylene, the ethylene-related genes were highly expressed. In response to exogenous ethephon treatment in conjunction with Foc inoculation, the infection resistance of cucumber seedlings was enhanced and endogenous ethylene biosynthesis increased dramatically. Conclusion: Collectively, ethylene signaling pathways play a positive role in regulating the defense response of cucumber to Foc infection. The results provide insight into the cucumber Fusarium wilt defense mechanisms and provide valuable information for breeding new cucumber cultivars with enhanced Fusarium wilt tolerance.
AMF Optimal Placement based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in Heterogeneous Radio Access Network
Authors: jin hao , Pang Wenzhe , Zhao Chenglin
Published: July 2020

To support various service requirements such as massive Machine Type Communications, Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communications in 5G scenario, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) plays an important role in the 5G network architecture to manage and orchestrate network services. As the key network function responsible for mobility management, Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) can be deployed flexibly at the edge of the radio access network to improve the performance of mobility management based on NFV. In this paper, the optimal placement of AMF is addressed based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) in a heterogeneous radio access network, which aims to minimize the network utility including the average delay of mobility management requests at AMF, the average wired hops to relay the requests and the cost of AMF instances. By considering time-varying features including user mobility and the arrival rate of user mobility management requests, an AMF optimal placement approach is proposed for the long term optimization. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed DRL based AMF optimal placement approach outperforms that of the baselines.
Adjuvant Transarterial Chemoembolization does not Influence Recurrence-free and Overall survivals for Patients with Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma after Curative Resection: a Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Liu Wei-Ren , Tian Meng-Xin , Tao Chen-Yang , Tang Zheng , Zhou Yu-Fu , Song Shu-Shu , Jiang Xi-Fei , Wang Han , Zhou Pei-Yun , Qu Wei-Feng , Fang Yuan , Ding Zhen-Bin , Zhou Jian , Fan Jia , Shi Ying-Hong
Published: July 2020

Background : The prognosis of patients with combined hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CHC) is usually poor, and effective adjuvant therapy is missing making it important to investigate whether these patients may benefit from adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of adjuvant TACE for long-term recurrence and survival after curative resection before and after propensity score matching (PSM) analysis.
Methods : In this retrospective study, of 230 patients who underwent resection for CHC between January 1994 and December 2014, 46 (18.0%) patients received adjuvant TACE. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify the independent predictive factors of survival. Cox regression analyses and log-rank tests were used to compare overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between patients who did or did not receive adjuvant TACE.
Results : A total of 230 patients (mean age 52.2±11.9 years; 172 men) were enrolled, and 46 (mean age 52.7±11.1 years; 38 men) patients received TACE. Before PSM, in multivariate regression analysis, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), tumour nodularity, macrovascular invasion (MVI), lymphoid metastasis, and extrahepatic metastasis were associated with OS. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), MVI, lymphoid metastasis, and preventive TACE (HR: 2.763, 95% CI: 1.769-4.314, p <0.001) were independent prognostic factors for DFS. PSM created 46 pairs of patients. Before PSM, adjuvant preventive TACE was not associated with an increased risk of OS (HR: 0.911, 95% CI: 0.545-1.520, p =0.720) or DFS (HR: 3.345, 95% CI: 1.686-6.638, p =0.001). After PSM, the 5-year OS and DFS rates were comparable in the TACE group and the non-TACE group (OS: 22.7% vs 14.9%, respectively, p =0.75; DFS: 11.2% vs 14.4%, respectively, p =0.06).
Conclusions : The present study identified that adjuvant preventive TACE did not influence DFS or OS after curative resection of CHC.
Inhibitory effects of iron depletion plus eribulin on the breast cancer microenvironment
Authors: Goto Wataru , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Asano Yuka , Takada Koji , Morisaki Tamami , Takahashi Katsuyuki , Fujita Hisakazu , Shibutani Masatsune , Amano Ryosuke , Takashima Tsutomu , Tomita Shuhei , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi
Published: July 2020

Background: Iron is required for the proliferation of cancer cells, and its depletion suppresses tumor growth. Eribulin mesylate (eribulin), a non-taxane microtubule inhibitor, disrupts the tumor microenvironment via vascular remodeling and obstruction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Herein, we investigated the effects of the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) on tumor-related properties of breast cancer cells and the effects of DFO plus eribulin on tumor growth in vivo.Methods: Two triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and BT-549, and one hormone-receptor positive breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, were used in our study. Cell proliferation, cell migration, cell cycle position, and gene expression were analyzed via MTT assays, wound-healing assays, flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. For the in vivo experiments, mice with breast cancer xenografts were treated with the inhibitors, alone or together, and tumor volume was determined.Results: DFO inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and migration and decreased the proportion of S-phase cells. Conversely, it induced hypoxia, angiogenesis, EMT, and immune checkpoints, as determined by quantifying the expression of marker mRNAs in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Eribulin suppressed the expression of the hypoxia and EMT related marker mRNAs in the presence of DFO. DFO plus eribulin inhibited tumor growth in vivo to a greater extent than did either inhibitor alone.Conclusions: Although DFO induces oncogenic events (hypoxia, angiogenesis, EMT, and immune checkpoints), it may be an effective treatment for breast cancer when administered in combination with eribulin.
Fossil-calibrated molecular phylogeny of atlantid heteropods (Gastropoda, Pterotracheoidea)
Authors: Wall-Palmer Deborah , Janssen Arie W , Goetze Erica , Choo Le Qin , Mekkes Lisette , Peijnenburg Katja T. C. A.
Published: July 2020

Background: The aragonite shelled, planktonic gastropod family Atlantidae (shelled heteropods) is likely to be one of the first groups to be impacted by imminent ocean changes, including ocean warming and ocean acidification. With a fossil record spanning at least 100 Million years (Ma), atlantids have experienced and survived global-scale ocean changes and extinction events in the past. However, the diversification patterns and tempo of evolution in this family are largely unknown. Results: Based on a concatenated maximum likelihood phylogeny of three genes (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 mitochondrial DNA, 28S and 18S ribosomal rRNA) we show that the three extant genera of the family Atlantidae, Atlanta, Protatlanta and Oxygyrus, form monophyletic groups. The genus Atlanta is split into two groups, one exhibiting smaller, well ornamented shells, and the other having larger, less ornamented shells. The fossil record, in combination with a fossil-calibrated phylogeny, suggests that large scale atlantid extinction was accompanied by considerable and rapid diversification over the last 25 Ma, potentially driven by vicariance events. Conclusions: Now confronted with a rapidly changing modern ocean, the ability of atlantids to survive past global change crises gives some optimism that they may be able to persist through the Anthropocene.
Laparoscopy Approach to Sigmoid Colon Perforation Secondary to Intrauterine Device Migration
Authors: Amortegui Henry Leonardo Robayo , Vanegas Diana Marcela Rincon , Blanquicet Adolfredo Ballestas , Fonseca Jair Ruiz
Published: July 2020

Background Currently, the intrauterine device (IUD) is one of the most used contraceptive methods worldwide, since it has shown to be effective and reversible. One of its complications is the migration of the device, which can affect close organs by perforating them. Case We present the case of a patient who presented a colouterine fistula secondary to an IUD migration. Conclusion Laparoscopy is a surgical method that may be performed electively; it makes device removal and repair of affected organs possible with fewer complications.
Clinically oriented contour evaluation using geometric and dosimetric indices based on simple geometric transformations
Authors: Xian Lixun , Li Guangjun , Xiao Qing , Li Zhibin , Zhang Xiangbin , Chen Li , Hu Zhenyao , Bai Sen
Published: July 2020

Background: In radiotherapy, geometric indices are often used to evaluate the accuracy of contouring; however, the ability of geometric indices to identify the error of contouring results is limited, and they do not consider any clinical background. Based on the reference contouring, we systematically introduced the known geometric errors to study the relationship between geometric indices and dosimetric indices and evaluated the clinical feasibility of assessing the accuracy of contouring based on geometric indices alone.Materials and Methods: A C-shaped target, organ at risk (Core), and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plan outlined in the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) TG-119 report (The report of Task Group 119 of the AAPM) were used as references. Translation, scaling, rotation (except for the Core), and sine function transformation were performed to simulate the test contours. The corresponding dosimetric indices were obtained from the original dose distribution of the radiotherapy plan, and correlations (R²) between geometric and dosimetric indices were quantified through linear regression. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the differences between the geometric indices of three different directions of translation transformations.Results: The correlations between the geometric and dosimetric indices were inconsistent for the contouring of the target and Core after the geometric transformation. Except for the sine function transformation (R²: 0.04–0.023, P > 0.05), the other geometric transformations of the planning target volume (PTV) had correlations with the dosimetric indices D98% and Dmean (R²: 0.689–0.988), 80% of which were strongly correlated. The correlation results for the other geometric transformations in the Core were similar to those in the PTV except for the posterior direction transformation. The results of Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that only the P-values of volumetric geometric indices of PTV were less than 0.05.Conclusions: The dosimetric indices are heavily influenced by the contour differences, thus highlighting their importance in the evaluation process. Clinically, an assessment of the contour accuracy of the region of interest is not feasible based on geometric indices alone, and should be combined with dosimetric indices.