bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing ukrainian enterprises using neural networks
Authors: Pohorelova K.А. , Pogorelov Y.S.
Published: October 2024

The article explores the features of using neural networks for the development of Ukrainian enterprises. It examines the theoretical foundations of neural networks, their history, types, and examples of application in various industries. Special attention is given to analyzing the factors influencing enterprise development, such as technological innovations, economic conditions, organizational changes, competition level, and market conditions. It is shown that technological progress is a key factor in the development of enterprises in the modern world. The current state of development of Ukrainian enterprises is investigated in the context of adapting to new economic conditions, particularly during the war. The war in Ukraine significantly affects the economy, including the business sector. Internal challenges include political instability, economic reforms, workforce shortages due to mobilization, power outages, and the need for modernization of production facilities. External factors include global competition, the influence of international markets, and economic sanctions. Despite the challenging conditions, Ukrainian enterprises have growth opportunities through the implementation of the latest technologies, such as neural networks. The main challenges and opportunities for Ukrainian business are analyzed, and the directions for using neural networks for enterprise development are proposed for each development factor, considering the specifics of business operations in Ukraine. Specific examples of successful implementation of neural networks in the banking sector (PrivatBank), IT companies (SoftServe), and the agro-industrial complex (MHP) are provided. The article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of using neural networks, such as increased efficiency, forecasting accuracy, service personalization, risk reduction, and challenges related to high costs, integration complexity, lack of qualified personnel, and data quality dependency. The prospects for enterprise development using neural networks are considered: productivity improvement, product and service quality enhancement, efficient resource management, risk reduction, innovative development, market adaptation, and resilience support. It is proven that the use of neural networks has significant potential for transforming enterprises, making them more efficient, flexible, and innovative.
O BAIXO RIO SOLIMÕES PELA PERSPECTIVA DA TEORIA DO CAOS (CAOS DETERMINÍSTICO)
Authors: Queiroz Matheus Silveira de , Carvalho José Alberto Lima de
Published: October 2024

O estudo dos sistemas dinâmicos não-lineares vem recebendo cada vez mais atenção da comunidade cientí­fica. A Teoria do Caos, desenvolvida no iní­cio da década de 60, busca soluções para sistemas que não se aproximavam do equilí­brio nem de uma solução periódica, descobrindo assim, o movimento caótico (oscilações irregulares e aperiódicas) sobre um atrator estranho. Esta descoberta foi um avanço para a análise da dinâmica hidrológica, considerada agora um sistema não-linear. Portanto, este artigo busca apresentar, sob a perspectiva da Teoria do Caos, potencialidades para a análise hidrológica de um sistema fluvial. Para isto, analisou-se a dinâmica fluvial e processos de erosão e sedimentação, além de entender dados de cotas, descarga lí­quida e sedimentos em suspensão, buscando compreender as médias mensais para prever os dados sob a perspectiva da Teoria do Caos. Os resultados apontam que análise dos fluxos turbulentos, em especí­fico, fluxos helicoidais, e processos de transporte e deposição de sedimentos é interessante sob a perspectiva do Caos para uma escala de tempo curta, sendo difí­cil prever os resultados em uma escala de tempo maior. A utilização de médias mensais para prever fenômenos dados de cotas, descarga lí­quida e sedimentos em suspensão não é indicada pela dinâmica não-linear dos dados, porém é possí­vel prever os dados em uma escala temporal curta. Observou-se, também, que quanto maior for a escala temporal prevista, maior a chance de haver inconsistências nos dados, não sendo indicada o uso para previsões, usando a Teoria do Caos, superiores a um ano.
A QUESTÃO INDÍGENA NA FORMAÇÃO SOCIOESPACIAL DO VALE DO JAGUARIBE, CEARÁ
Authors: Barros Geovana Mendes Barros , Cavalcante Leandro Vieira , Chaves Maria Lucenir Jerônimo Chaves
Published: October 2024

O estudo propõe uma reflexão teórica a partir de uma investigação bibliográfica sobre o papel da contribuição indí­gena no processo de formação socioespacial do Vale do Jaguaribe, no Ceará, interligando a inserção das atividades econômicas, principalmente a pecuária, com a questão indí­gena na região, que desde a chegada dos estrangeiros esteve envolta em muitos conflitos. Diante desse contexto, pressionados por uma estrutura irreversí­vel, os grupos indí­genas estabeleceram estratégias que resultaram em processos de resistência, mas que não impediu o invasor de continuar com o projeto colonizador de extermí­nio dos povos originários. Nesse sentido, essa análise, que trata de um aspecto importante sobre a história do passado do Vale do Jaguaribe, nos possibilita interpretar a formação socioespacial dessa região a partir de um processo doloroso, com a entrada dos brancos e da pecuária, que juntos legitimaram a desapropriação das terras indí­genas. Mesmo sendo brutalmente violentados e assimilados com o restante da sociedade, esses povos nos dizem que estiveram aqui e resistiram antes de nós através da presença marcante na toponí­mia dos municí­pios e nos costumes preservados. Apesar da tentativa colonial de eliminar os hábitos, identidades e culturas indí­genas, estes não ficaram presos ao passado, pois continuam se reinventando, transformando e se organizando até os dias de hoje.
PAPEL DOS POLOS SUB-REGIONAIS NO PROCESSO DE ACUMULAÇÃO CAPITALISTA A PARTIR DA DIVISÃO ESPACIAL E HIERARQUIA URBANA NO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Authors: Barreto Filho Boanerges de Freitas , Lima Júnior Francisco do Ó de
Published: October 2024

A centralidade das cidades na sociedade capitalista é inegável. A cidade é o lócus privilegiado em que as forças produtivas se manifestam da forma mais vigorosa no capitalismo. O artigo tem como objetivo compreender o papel desempenhado pelos polos (cidades), especialmente os sub-regionais, no processo de acumulação capitalista. Para tanto foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica e foi adotado o estudo sobre as Regiões de Influência das Cidades (REGIC), tomando-se como referência a divisão espacial e a hierarquia urbana no Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Os resultados indicam que o florescimento das cidades polarizadoras no interior do RN se deu, quase sempre, pela expansão comercial que assegurou a diferenciação de algumas cidades e a partir de tal ponto reafirmou o comando do processo de acumulação de base mercantil, cujo predomí­nio acabou por moldar a estrutura produtiva intra-regional vigente. Conclui-se que as posições mais destacadas que os polos sub-regionais alcançaram na rede urbana decorreu do papel de lócus facilitador do processo de acumulação capitalista, inicialmente na seara mercantil, empós como polos de aceleração da rotação de capitais e pela capacidade de atrair alguns investimentos públicos e privados.
Cooking Recipe as a Determinant of Glycemic Index Variation in Commercial and Natural Wheat Flour
Authors: Nitu Noorjahan , Raka Samira Jannat , Bhuiyan Muhammad Javidul , Hossain Md Tofazzal
Published: October 2024

An in vivo study was conducted with various cooking recipes to select suitable wheat flour in view point of glycemic index (GI) value from the commercially available whole and plain wheat flour by comparing with natural wheat flour. We assessed the glycemic responses of 10 healthy individuals with reference food (50 g glucose) and cooked wheat roti, equivalent to 50 g carbohydrate, in hot (100°C) and normal water (25°C) recipes. To prevent residual effects, the individuals were kept overnight fasting throughout the study period. Capillary glucose levels at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after consuming the meals were assessed and used to determine the Incremental Area Under Curve (IAUC). Results showed a significant decrease (p<0.001 and p<0.005) in glucose levels of the test foods compared to reference food. The measured GI values of the samples processed with normal water were categorized as low (plain wheat flour, 52), medium (56 for whole wheat flour) and high (natural flour, 73). But all the samples were in low GI class when processed with hot water; GI was 43, 47 and 44 for whole wheat flour, plain wheat flour, and natural wheat flour, respectively. The temperature differences in the recipes are believed to be the primary cause of variation in GI. Hot water treatment provided low GI in the recipes that may be good for both healthy and diabetic people.
J Bangladesh Agril Univ 22(2): 257-266, 2024
Factors in deciding Metro Rail in Developing Countries: A study on the proposed Metro Rail system for Dhaka
Authors: Md Saniul Alam
Published: October 2024

While metro schemes have been suitable investments for some western cities and some Asian cities, like Hong Kong and Singapore, they are not necessarily the most appropriate options for cities in developing countries. Although urban transport problems, like congestion and pollution seem to be similar everywhere, the suitability of a metro solution is more questionable for cities in developing countries owing to their distinctive social, economic and spatial characteristics, and their existing transport technologies and the travel habits of their inhabitants. A critical examination of such issues is undertaken for the proposed metro for Dhaka. The study concludes that due to high population densities, transport users favour metro rail construction. On the other hand, the existing spatial structure of the city, patterns of land use, economic aspects and existing trip characteristics suggest metro is an inappropriate choice.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 3, Dec 2010, pp. 33-51
A Study on Factors for Travel Time Variability in Dhaka City Corporation Area
Authors: Anwar A H M Mehbub
Published: October 2024

Knowledge of travel time variability is valuable for improving the reliability of traffic information services and increasing the accuracy of travel time predictions. The paper attempts to explore the travel time variability in Dhaka city with the data collected by the probe vehicle. A comprehensive investigation of travel time distribution was conducted in terms of various time windows. With respect to travel time variability, approximately each mean travel time level has a certain variability associated with it. It has been observed that the higher travel times in the morning off-peak and afternoon peak have the lower coefficient of variance but the smaller mean travel time in the morning peak has the higher variability than other times of the day. The travel time variability has also been investigated by multiplicative nonlinear regression model. To establish the model, delay time (delay), volume-capacity (V/C) ratio and congestion index (CI), which is actual travel time divided by free flow time, were considered as explanatory variables while logarithm of travel time was used as dependent variable.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 3, Dec 2010, pp. 53-64
Optimum Allocation of Super Stores in Dhaka City: An Application of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Heuristic Model
Authors: Md Mostahidur Rahman  , Susmita Chakraborty
Published: October 2024

For well functioning of a city, it is very important to ensure the optimum location of different public facilities. Super markets follow the theme of arranging all kinds of products under one roof for the consumers. The objective of this study is to determine the availability of super stores and analysis of locations of super stores in Dhaka City. The study explores the optimum location of super stores to minimize inconveniences faced by the residents to access super stores. Optimal locations of super stores are identified by using Heuristic Model. In the study area, super stores have grown haphazardly and people are not getting their desired services. On the other hand, owners of super stores failed to earn their preferred profit. The study integrated GIS methods and Heuristic Model to determine demand wise distribution of super stores in the city.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners, Vol. 3, Dec 2010, pp. 153-158
Modelling Spatio-Temporal Urban Land Cover Growth Dynamics Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: A Case Study of Khulna City
Authors: Bayes Ahmed
Published: October 2024

The primary objective of this paper is to predict and analyze the future urban growth of Khulna City using the Landsat satellite images of 1989, 1999 and 2009. Khulna City Corporation (KCC) and its surrounding impact areas have been selected as the study area. At the beginning, a fisher supervised classification method has been applied to prepare the base maps with five broad land cover classes. In the next stage, three different models have been implemented to simulate the land cover map of Khulna City of 2009. These are named as 'Stochastic Markov (St_Markov)' model, 'Cellular Automata Markov (CA_Markov)' model and 'Multi Layer Perceptron Markov (MLP_Markov)' model. Then the best-fitted model has been selected based on various Kappa statistics values. This is how the 'Multi Layer Perceptron Markov (MLP_Markov)' model has been qualified as the most suitable model for this research. Lator, using the Mlp_Markov model, the land cover map of 2019 has been predicted. The MLP_Markov model shows that 33.3370 of the total study area will be converted into built up area in 2019.
Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners Vol. 4. Dec 2011, pp. 15 - 32
SOME PENAL ISSUES RELATED TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AMNESTY ACT
Authors: Fargiev Ibrahim
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to issues arising during the implementation of the amnesty act in relation to convicts who are subject to the norms of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation. The study of the practice of applying amnesty shows that persons applying amnesty in the penal system have certain difficulties due to imperfect legislation and insufficient development of this institution.
PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING KELOMPOK TANI MELALUI PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN
Authors: Shaleh Khairul , Sukmawati Fitri , Abas Sa’adah , Mulyawan M.,H. R. Ferry , A Dini Arwaty
Published: October 2024

Indonesia is known as an agricultural region with a wide variety of agricultural and plantation commodities. Plantation commodities such as coffee plants are one of the superior products produced by farmers in Indonesia. Coffee plants grow in mountainous areas with relatively cold weather temperatures. Geographically, natural conditions support coffee plants to grow well even with limited technology. Community service activities aim to increase the competitiveness of coffee farmer groups through the application of technology. The community service activities were carried out in Mekarmanik Village, Cimenyan District, Bandung Regency, West Java Province. Service partner Tiwikrama Mukti Farmer Group is engaged in coffee plantations around Mekarmanik village. Coffee trees in this area are planted intercropped with rubber trees that grow on land owned by the PERHUTANI State-Owned Company. The method of implementing the service activities provides assistance with a set of grass cutting equipment and garden support equipment. This equipment can help farmers clean grass and weeds that often grow around the garden so that the growth of coffee plants can be better. In addition to providing agricultural equipment instruments, the service team provided simulations on the use of tools and counselling to farmer group partners regarding the market potential of coffee commodities. The results of community service activities in farmer groups after carrying out garden maintenance can increase coffee productivity. Coffee farmer groups also have a better understanding of coffee marketing circulation so that farmers obtain more optimal economic returns.
EFEKTIVITAS PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN KONTEN DIGITAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMASARAN PRODUK KELOMPOK WANITA TANI (KWT) PANCASONA
Authors: Solecha Kusmayanti , Irnawati Oky , Indriyani Furi , Rachmi Hilda , Tanjung Handra Putratama , Hidayat Nasrul Walid
Published: October 2024

The Women Farmers Group (KWT) Pancasona, located in the Dephan Pondok Rajeg Asri complex, manages 5 plot areas and 1 greenhouse, focusing on providing organic vegetables. However, they face challenges in effectively utilizing social media to promote their harvests and sales, particularly in digital content creation. This community service initiative aims to provide training in digital content creation using the Canva application to enhance product marketing through social media. The methods used include observation to identify the problems faced by the partners, preparation of appropriate training materials, conducting training and mentoring in technology-based content creation with Canva, and evaluation to measure participants' understanding after the training. The results show that participants' understanding of the Canva application increased from 61% in the pretest to 92% in the posttest. Feedback from questionnaires indicated high satisfaction with the materials, facilities, and benefits of the training. Overall, this activity was effective in improving the knowledge and skills of participants, helping to provide solutions to marketing problems by optimizing social media use.
Lineárne programovanie v úlohách/ Linear programming via problem solving
Authors:   Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Cechlárová Katarína
Published: October 2024

Linear programming belongs to parts of mathematics with the greatest number of real applications. This Slovak-English problem collection provides an overview of basic knowledge in the area, application problems as well as problems to acquire routine in calculations. It is complemented by questions motivating the student to look for further theoretical principles, construct conterexamples and formulate arguments to explain the studied phenomena.
Unveiling the Rarity: Pleural Metastasis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer – A Case Report and Clinical Implications
Authors: Salak Jordyn , Yetiskul Ekrem , Asmar Samer , Sudeep Acharya , El Hage Halim , Sanchez Manuel Villa
Published: October 2024

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is an epithelial malignancy arising from the follicular cells within
the thyroid, typically slow-growing with a benign course (5-year survival >99% in locally
contained malignancies). However, in unusual cases, this condition can spread to the pleura,
leading to a malignant pleural effusion. The authors present a case of an 80-year-old female
presenting with dyspnoea following treatment for suspected bacterial pneumonia. Imaging
revealed a substantial left-sided pleural effusion. Despite interventions such as thoracentesis
and intravenous antibiotics, the pleural effusion persisted. Subsequent video-assisted thoracic
surgery revealed pleural biopsies positive for PTC, a disease previously believed to have been
cured almost 6 decades ago. Pleural involvement in patients with PTC is exceptionally rare.
A literature review conducted between 1992–2023 revealed merely seven published reports
documenting PTC metastasis to the pleura. The authors’ case emphasises the significance
of exploring various potential causes of a patient showing signs of subacute dyspnoea,
particularly in individuals previously diagnosed with PTC, as it emphasises the possibilities of
unforeseen recurrence, featuring the uncertainties and complexities of managing PTC.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Pemain Marching Band Gema Suara Wahidiyah Menggunakan Metode Simple Additive Weighting
Authors: Febri Nisrina Diva
Published: October 2024

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) telah menjadi alat yang sangat berguna dalam membantu pengambilan keputusan di berbagai bidang. Dalam konteks pemilihan pemain Marching Band Gema Suara Wahidiyah, keputusan yang tepat dalam memilih pemain yang potensial dan berkualitas sangat penting untuk memastikan performa grup yang optimal. Penggunaan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) sebagai dasar sistem pendukung keputusan untuk pemilihan pemain Marching Band Gema Suara Wahidiyah dengan metode pengambilan data dengan cara wawancara, observasi dan studi literatur.  Dalam implementasi Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), keputusan dapat ditentukan melalui penjumlahan terbobot, dengan hasil bobot tertinggi akan menjadi pemain dalam marching band.
Maneuvering Strategically with Corkscrewing in Satirical News Programs
Authors: Abdulazeez Ramia Fu’ad
Published: October 2024

The study aims to build the infrastructure of corkscrewing on an extended pragma-dialectical[i] ground, represented the theory of strategic maneuvering launched in (2002) by Eemern and Houtlosser. The methodology followed involves defining corkscrewing as a strategic concept subsuming goal and audience int its structure, and showing how this concept appeals to each of the three aspects of strategic maneuvering in order to be considered as one of its modes. It has been discovered that the three aspects are not equally instantiated, rather they are represented in a gradient manner. So, those aspects cannot be strictly considered 'inseparable', as called by their advocators, because they have been proved to be separable in corkscrewing yet working successfully. The study recommends investigating this phenomenon in other cultures and compare the results because culture-specificity may lead to vary strategies in a scalar way, thus it could be useful to study it within another culture to investigate whether it undergoes the same path of ‘thisness’ or not.  The genre intended to be investigated is satirical news programs as they are specifically representative of what such a phenomenon requires.
PRÁTICAS DECOLONIAIS NA ARTE BRASILEIRA: UMA ANÁLISE DE FAZ QUE VAI (2015), DE BÁRBARA WAGNER E BENJAMIN DE BURCA
Authors: Spyer Tereza , Luísa Estanislau Luísa
Published: October 2024

Este artigo tem como objeto de análise a obra Faz que vai (2015), de Bárbara Wagner e Benjamin de Burca, um vídeo com duração de 12 minutos, dividido em quatro cenas, onde em cada uma delas, uma personagem, ao som de uma composição percussiva de frevo, performa uma dança heterogênea, misturando passos de frevo (patrimônio cultural), com swingueira, funk e vogue, entre outros gêneros populares. A obra problematiza noções em torno da cultura popular, do corpo, da raça e do gênero. Faz que vai nos oferece uma boa oportunidade de ler o Brasil (e o Nordeste) a partir do corpo que dança. Assim, o objetivo principal do presente artigo é, a partir da análise da obra, investigar os diálogos entre esta e as estéticas decoloniais e como ela pode colaborar para desestabilizar as imagens-estereótipos. Com esse intuito, em um primeiro momento, apresentaremos algumas considerações teórico-metodológicas que nos permitirão fazer a análise da obra. Em um segundo momento, exporemos a biografia e alguns elementos da prática artística da dupla Wagner e de Burca. Na sequência, faremos uma análise descritiva de Faz que vai. Por fim, teceremos algumas considerações finais tentando responder as perguntas-chave da pesquisa.
Micromanagement: conditions influencing antipathogen function of the skin microbiome in spotted salamanders, Ambystoma maculatum
Authors: Barnhart-McCarty Kelly , LaBumbard Brandon , Kearns Patrick J. , Ahsan Rakeyah , Whetstone Ross , Bletz Molly , AlKhalifa Saleh E. , Poltronetti Anthony , Tokash-Peters Amanda , Gabor Caitlin R. , Schliep Klaus , Umile Thomas P. , Minbiole Kevin , Woodhams Douglas C.
Published: October 2024

The emerging fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) threatens the diversity of amphibians, particularly in North America where it is projected to invade. Amphibian skin defenses include a mucosal layer containing microorganisms that can potentially modulate host response to pathogens such as Bsal. In this study, we focused on the composition of the skin microbiome across life stages of spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum). We also evaluated the stress hormone corticosterone and skin microbiome response to inoculations with Bsal and probiotics at both the larval and juvenile developmental stages, and the response to different environmental conditions. Results indicated that both bacterial and fungal communities found on the skin significantly differed in structure and diversity between life stages of A. maculatum. Exposure to three different probiotics (Bacillus thuringiensis, Chryseobacterium rhizoplanae, and Penicillium sp.) and Bsal evoked shifts in the microbiome of larvae and juveniles, and the metabolite profile of the larval mucosal layer of A. maculatum. Despite changes in the microbiome, all tested probiotics and Bsal were unable to persist on the skin. Larval bacterial microbiomes shifted in response to Bsal and B. thuringiensis with no significant impacts on antifungal function or bacteria richness, however fungi strongly responded to Bsal and B. thuringiensis application. This indicates that developmental shifts in the microbiome can be initiated by microbial applications such as B. thuringiensis, a widely used mosquito larvicide. Overall, experimental results indicate that life stage, growth and development, and environmental conditions appeared to be the main factors driving changes in the amphibian skin microbiome and potential anti-Batrachochytrium function.
Alternative splicing in the genome of HPV and its regulation
Authors: Wang Yaping , Chen Fang , Qu Wenjie , Gong Yingxin , Wang Yan , Chen Limei , Zhou Qi , Mo Jiayin , Zhang Hongwei , Lin Lin , Bi Tianyi , Wang Xujie , Gu Jiashi , Li Yanyun , Sui Long
Published: October 2024

Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. These chronic infections are characterized by high expression of the HPV E6 and E7 oncogenes and the absence of the L1 and L2 capsid proteins. The regulation of HPV gene expression plays a crucial role in both the viral life cycle and rare oncogenic events. Alternative splicing of HPV mRNA is a key mechanism in post-transcriptional regulation. Through alternative splicing, HPV mRNA is diversified into various splice isoforms with distinct coding potentials, encoding multiple proteins and influencing the expression of HPV genes. The spliced mRNAs derived from a donor splicing site within the E6 ORF and one of the different acceptor sites located in the early mRNA contain E6 truncated mRNAs, named E6*. E6* is one of the extensively studied splicing isoforms. However, the role of E6* proteins in cancer progression remains controversial. Here, we reviewed and compared the alternative splicing events occurring in the genomes of HR-HPV and LR-HPV. Recently, new HPV alternative splicing regulatory proteins have been continuously discovered, and we have updated the regulation of HPV alternative splicing. In addition, we summarized the functions of known splice isoforms from three aspects: anti-tumorigenic, tumorigenic, and other cancer-related functions, including not only E6*, but also E6^E7, E8^E2, and so on. Comprehending their contributions to cancer development enhances insights into the carcinogenic mechanisms of HPV and explores the potential utility of alternative splicing in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer.
Development, field testing, and initial validation of an adherence rubric for caregiver coaching
Authors: Tomchek Scott D. , Wheeler Serena , Cheek Cybil , Little Lauren , Dunn Winnie
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The translation and use of evidence-based practices (EBPs) within early intervention (EI) systems presents challenges. The Office of Special Education (OSEP) has emphasized results-driven accountability to expand state accountability from compliance to also include quality services that align with EBPs. OSEP’s results-driven accountability provided states the opportunity to design State Systemic Improvement Plans (SSIP) to strengthen the quality of EI services by increasing the capacity of EI systems to implement, scale-up, and sustain use of EBPs. Caregiver coaching is widely accepted as an EBP within EI settings, yet uptake and fidelity to coaching practices remains limited. Such widespread implementation of caregiver coaching is partially limited by a lack of measurement tools that operationalize behaviors consistent with coaching. In this study, we describe the development of the Kentucky Coaching Adherence Rubric-Revised (KCAR-R) and psychometric testing of the instrument.

Methods

We developed and tested the KCAR-R to measure fidelity of coaching practices within a state-wide professional development program, the Coaching in Early Intervention Training and Mentorship Program. We define operational elements of the KCAR-R and rubric design elements related to: creators; users and uses; specificity, judgment complexity; evaluative criteria; quality levels; quality definitions; scoring strategies; presentation; explanation; quality processes; accompanying feedback information; secrecy; and exemplars. With regard to psychometric validation of the KCAR-R, interrater reliability was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients across eight raters and 301 randomly selected video submissions. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha across 429 video submissions.

Results

Results showed 0.987 agreement, indicating excellent interrater reliability; item level internal consistency values ranged from 0.860 to 0.882. for scale if item deleted and 0.834 for the total scale.

Discussion

Findings from this study showed that the KCAR-R operationalized behaviors that exemplify caregiver coaching and may serve as a resource for other states or programs to document the quality and fidelity of evidence-based EI services. To influence EI provider practices at a systems level, we used implementation science to guide our work and provide examples of how EI systems seeking ways to create sustainable quality services may build upon our approach.
Association of stress hyperglycemia ratio with presence and severity of chronic kidney disease among US adults with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lai Wenguang , Meng Yaxin , Zhou Yang , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Baoyuan , Huang Zhidong , Gao Zhiyong
Published: October 2024

Background

Among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is a strong predictor of short- and long-term prognosis, and adverse cardiovascular events. However, whether SHR is associated with increased risk of presence and severity of chronic kidney (CKD) disease remains undetermined.

Methods

Patients with DM from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (1999–2020) were included and divided into 5 groups according to their SHR level (quintile 1 to 5). Study outcomes were CKD, advanced CKD (ACKD), and CKD severity. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to assess the association between the SHR and outcomes.

Results

Totally, 6,119 patients were included. After adjustment, compared to patients with SHR in quintile 3 (as reference), the risk of CKD is 1.50 (P<0.001) for quintile 1, 1.23 (P=0.140) for quintile 2, 1.95 (P<0.001) for quintile 4, and 1.79 (P<0.001) for quintile 5. For the risk of ACKD, the OR is 1.46 (P=0.410) for quintile 1, 1.07 (P=0.890) for quintile 2, 3.28 (P=0.030) for quintile 4, and 3.89 (P=0.002) for quintile 5. For the CKD severity, the OR is 1.46 (P<0.001) for quintile 1, 1.20 (P=0.163) for quintile 2, 1.84 (P<0.001) for quintile 4, and 1.83 (P<0.001) for quintile 5. RCS analysis also showed a U-shaped association between SHR and outcomes (All P for nonlinearity<0.05).

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated that too low or too high SHR level is significantly associated with adverse renal outcomes in patients with DM.
Identification of osteoporosis genes using family studies
Authors: Schembri Marichela , Formosa Melissa M.
Published: October 2024

Osteoporosis is a multifactorial bone disease characterised by reduced bone mass and increased fracture risk. Family studies have made significant contribution in unravelling the genetics of osteoporosis. Yet, most of the underlying molecular and biological mechanisms remain unknown prompting the need for further studies. This review outlines the proper phenotyping and advanced genetic techniques in the form of high-throughput DNA sequencing used to identify genetic factors underlying monogenic osteoporosis in a family-based setting. The steps related to variant filtering prioritisation and curation are also described. From an evolutionary perspective, deleterious risk variants with higher penetrance tend to be rare as a result of negative selection. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) can identify rare variants with large effect sizes which are likely to be missed by candidate gene analysis or genome-wide association studies (GWAS) wherein common variants with small to moderate effect sizes are identified. We also describe the importance of replicating implicated genes, and possibly variants, identified following HTS to confirm their causality. Replication of the gene in other families, singletons or independent cohorts confirms that the shortlisted genes and/or variants are indeed causal. Furthermore, novel genes and/or variants implicated in monogenic osteoporosis require a thorough validation by means of in vitro and in vivo assessment. Therefore, analyses of families can continue to elucidate the genetic architecture of osteoporosis, paving the way for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Endocrine dysregulation in COVID-19: molecular mechanisms and insights
Authors: Iosef Cristiana , Matusa Andrei M. , Han Victor K. M. , Fraser Douglas D.
Published: October 2024

This review describes the impact of COVID-19 on the endocrine system, focusing on cortisol signaling and growth factor-induced endocrine resistance. As expected, SARS-CoV-2 infection induces systemic inflammation, resulting in stimulation of the adrenal glands leading to elevated cortisol levels with normal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels. The cytokine storm could also stimulate cortisol production. However, in some instances, cortisol levels rise independently of ACTH due to a phenomenon known as “pseudo-Cushing’s syndrome,” where adrenal glands become less responsive to ACTH. Plasma proteomic analyses showed that this pattern was variably observed among COVID-19 patients, potentially involving calcium dysregulation and GNAS-regulated activities, ultimately impacting the regulation of microvascular permeability. COVID-19 also exhibited a syndrome resembling endocrine resistance, governed by receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways. Mild cases displayed elevated activity of EGFR and MMP9, along with increased expression of survival factors like Bax and Bcl2. In contrast, more severe cases involved IGFR-I and enhanced NOTCH signaling, with altered expression of Bcl2, AKT1, and MAPK8. In summary, these findings describe the complex interplay between COVID-19 and endocrine pathology, particularly endocrine resistance. These insights suggest potential endocrine targets for therapeutic interventions to improve short- and long-term outcomes for COVID-19 patients.
Impact of land use land cover changes on urban temperature in Jakarta: insights from an urban boundary layer climate model
Authors: Maheng Dikman , Pathirana Assela , Bhattacharya Biswa , Zevenbergen Chris , Lauwaet Dirk , Siswanto Siswanto , Suwondo Aries
Published: October 2024

Urbanization is one of the important drivers of increasing local temperatures. As cities and urban areas evolve, extensive land use and land cover (LULC) changes alter the physical characteristics of surface materials. This modification results in reduced evapotranspiration rates, ultimately contributing to higher surface and air temperatures. This study investigated the impact of urbanization on urban temperature in Jakarta. Urban temperature was simulated for a 20-year time period (1995–2014) by the urban boundary layer climate model UrbClim, using LULC data for both 1995 and 2014. Temperature changes were analysed by assessing the temperature anomaly across different LULC change classes divided into four main classes namely no built-up changes (BB), no green spaces changes (GG), built-up to green spaces (BG), and green spaces to built-up (GB). The study revealed that the conversion of green spaces to built-up areas (GB) had the most significant impact on the increase in air temperature. This was indicated by the mean values of the temperature anomaly of GB of about 0.24°C followed by GG, BB, and BG with the mean values of the temperature anomaly of about 0.20°C, 0.19°C, 0.17°C, respectively. The different temperature anomalies of the LULC change classes indicate that green spaces have an important role in maintaining local climate. Hence, it is important for local government to effectively manage the composition, the quantity, as well as the distribution of green spaces within a city. By looking at temperature anomalies of LULC change classes, the present study provides an alternative approach to many existing methods that provide general information about temperature changes, without specifically analyzing the effects of LULC transformations.
Comprehensive analysis of VEGF/VEGFR inhibitor-induced immune-mediated hypertension: integrating pharmacovigilance, clinical data, and preclinical models
Authors: Kuang Hongyu , Yan Qingkai , Li Zhanzhi , Lin Anqi , Li Kailai , Zhang Jian , Luo Peng , Yin Yuehui
Published: October 2024

Introduction

This study aimed to elucidate the differential immunological mechanisms and characteristics of hypertension induced by VEGF inhibitors (VEGFi) and VEGF receptor inhibitors (VEGFRi), with the goal of optimizing monitoring strategies and treatment protocols.

Methods

We investigated the risk of immune-related adverse events associated with VEGFi/VEGFRi-induced hypertension by analyzing the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. Findings were corroborated with blood pressure characteristics observed in clinical patients and preclinical models exposed to various VEGF/VEGFRi. Clinical and preclinical studies were conducted to compare immunological responses and hypertension profiles between inhibitor classes. An integrative analysis across cancer types and species was performed, focusing on key signaling pathways.

Results

Analysis of FAERS data, in conjunction with clinical observations, revealed that both VEGFi and VEGFRi significantly elevated the risk of immune-mediated, blood pressure-related adverse events (ROR=7.75, 95% CI: 7.76-7.95). Subsequent clinical and preclinical studies demonstrated differential immunological responses and hypertension profiles between inhibitor classes. VEGFRi exhibited a more rapid onset, greater blood pressure elevation, and higher incidence of immune-mediated adverse events compared to VEGFi (Systolic BP: ROR=0 for VEGFi vs. ROR=12.25, 95% CI: 6.54-22.96 for VEGFRi; Diastolic BP: ROR=5.09, 95% CI: 0.60-43.61 for VEGFi vs. ROR=12.90, 95% CI: 3.73-44.55 for VEGFRi). Integrative analysis across cancer types and species, focusing on key signaling pathways, revealed that VEGF/VEGFRi-induced blood pressure elevation was associated with immunomodulation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway (R=-0.379, P=0.0435), alterations in triglyceride metabolism (R=-0.664, P=0.0001), modulation of myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive calcium release channel activity (R=0.389, P=0.0378), and dysregulation of nitric oxide eNOS activation and metabolism (R=-0.439, P=0.0179).

Discussion

The temporal dynamics of these effects demonstrated greater significance than dose-dependent responses. Both VEGFi and VEGFRi significantly augmented the risk of immune-mediated, blood pressure-related adverse events, with VEGFRi inducing a more rapid and pronounced onset of blood pressure elevation and a higher incidence of immune-related, blood pressure-associated adverse events compared to VEGFi.
The 4-Octahedra model
Authors: Abarca Morales Edgar
Published: October 2024

This work comprises a generalization of a simple geometric model originally developed to describe coupled rotations of corner-sharing octahedra in the surface layer of Sr2RuO4 under uniaxial compression. The main objective of the model is to establish a link between the experimental global strain configuration and the possible microscopic mechanisms and compatible geometries by which the octahedra accommodate the applied strain. In achieving this, a useful and intuitive parametrization of four-site two-dimensional systems of corner-sharing octahedra has been established, which can be readily extended to three dimensions and N>4 inequivalent sites or directly employed to analyze the octahedral configuration of many perovskites, transition metal oxides (TMOs), and layered compounds.
Using fungal–bacterial community analysis to explore potential microbiomes to manage Meloidogyne incongnita
Authors: Jiang Qipeng , Wang Yong , Yu Jiamin , Wang Jinfeng , Guo Shiping , Liu Dongyang , Yu Xiangwen , Jiang Lianqiang , Long Gang , Xi Daojiang , Chen Shuhong , Wang Yue , Ding Wei
Published: October 2024

Rhizosphere microbial communities strongly affect outbreaks of root-knot nematode (RKN) disease. However, little is known about the interactions among fungi, bacteria and RKN. The bacterial and fungal community compositions in the rhizospheres of four representative tobacco varieties, both resistant and susceptible to RKN, were characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing for bacteria and internal transcribed spacer gene sequencing for fungi. Our findings revealed that the fungi played crucial roles in facilitating the cross-kingdom and symbiotic fungal–bacterial interactions to suppress RKN. Moreover, our investigation suggested Microbacterium as a potential microbial antagonist against RKN based on its enhanced presence in RKN-resistant tobacco genotypes, and the relative abundance of Microbacterium was 34.49% greater in the rhizosphere of resistant tobacco than that of susceptible tobacco significantly. Notably, the richness of fungal community enhanced tobacco’s microbe-associated resistance to RKN through the positive regulation of the richness and diversity of bacterial community and the relative abundance of Microbacterium. This study underscores the critical role of the fungus–dominated fungal–bacterial community in bolstering tobacco resistance against RKN. The potential antagonistic role of Microbacterium presents promising avenues for innovative RKN management strategies.
Unveiling six novel bacterial strains for fipronil and thiobencarb biodegradation: efficacy, metabolic pathways, and bioaugmentation potential in paddy soil
Authors: Faridy Nastaran , Torabi Ehssan , Pourbabaee Ahmad Ali , Osdaghi Ebrahim , Talebi Khalil
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Soil bacteria offer a promising approach to bioremediate pesticide contamination in agricultural ecosystems. This study investigated the potential of bacteria isolated from rice paddy soil for bioremediating fipronil and thiobencarb, common agricultural pesticides.

Methods

Bacterial isolates capable of degrading fipronil and thiobencarb were enriched in a mineral salt medium. A response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken design was utilized to optimize pesticide degradation with the isolated bacteria. Bioaugmentation tests were performed in paddy soils with varying conditions.

Results and discussion

Six strains, including single isolates and their mixture, efficiently degraded these pesticides at high concentrations (up to 800 µg/mL). Enterobacter sp., Brucella sp. (alone and combined), and a mixture of Stenotrophomonas sp., Bordetella sp., and Citrobacter sp. effectively degraded fipronil and thiobencarb, respectively. Notably, a single Pseudomonas sp. strain degraded a mixture of both pesticides. Optimal degradation conditions were identified as a slightly acidic pH (6-7), moderate pesticide concentrations (20-50 µg/mL), and a specific inoculum size. Bioaugmentation assays in real-world paddy soils (sterile/non-sterile, varying moisture) demonstrated that these bacteria significantly increased degradation rates (up to 14.15-fold for fipronil and 5.13-fold for thiobencarb). The study identifies these novel bacterial strains as promising tools for bioremediation and bioaugmentation strategies to tackle fipronil and thiobencarb contamination in paddy ecosystems.
Early life stress induces decreased expression of CB1R and FAAH and epigenetic changes in the medial prefrontal cortex of male rats
Authors: Demaili Arijana , Portugalov Anna , Maroun Mouna , Akirav Irit , Braun Katharina , Bock Jörg
Published: October 2024

Several studies in both animal models and in humans have provided substantial evidence that early life stress (ELS) induces long-term changes in behavior and brain function, making it a significant risk factor in the aetiology of various mental disorders, including anxiety and depression. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that ELS in male rats (i) leads to increased anxiety and depressive-like symptoms; and (ii) that these behavioral changes are associated with functional alterations in the endocannabinoid system of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We further assessed whether the predicted changes in the gene expression of two key components of the endocannabinoid system, cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) and the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), are regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. Behavioral profiling revealed that the proportion of behaviorally affected animals was increased in ELS exposed male rats compared to control animals, specifically showing symptoms of anhedonia and impaired social behavior. On the molecular level we observed a decrease in CB1R and FAAH mRNA expression in the mPFC of adult ELS exposed animals. These gene expression changes were accompanied by reduced global histone 3 acetylation in the mPFC, while no significant changes in DNA methylation and no significant changes of histone-acetylation at the promoter regions of the analyzed genes were detected. Taken together, our data provide evidence that ELS induces a long-term reduction of CB1R and FAAH expression in the mPFC of adult male rats, which may partially contribute to the ELS-induced changes in adult socio-emotional behavior.
Neurophysiological approaches to exploring emotional responses to cosmetics: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Diwoux Audrey , Gabriel Damien , Bardel Marie-Héloïse , Ben Khalifa Youcef , Billot Pierre-Édouard
Published: October 2024

Introduction

This systematic review explores the use of neurophysiological measurements to study emotional responses to cosmetic products. The aim is to evaluate existing literature on these measurements in cosmetics, identify the main findings, highlight methodological challenges, and propose new guidelines for future research.

Method

A systematic search focusing on neurophysiological measures to determine emotions induced by different cosmetic products was carried out in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Results

A total of 33 articles identified with the EBSCO database met the inclusion criteria. In all, 10 different measurement tools were used in these articles to assess the emotional effects of cosmetic products.

Discussion

This review emphasizes the complexity of interactions between cosmetics and emotional responses. It underscores the importance of future research with a more holistic approach that couples several physiological measurements. Among them, electrophysiological brain activity shows potential for enhancing understanding of emotional responses related to cosmetic products. Frontal asymmetry, particularly in the alpha frequency band, was often use and frequently linked to positive emotional states, although conflicting evidence exists. Additionally, cardiac activity, specifically the LF/HF ratio, emerges as a promising marker for differentiating between different cosmetic products. However, methodological heterogeneity, present challenges for replicability, generalizability, and complicate data interpretation.