bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NGHIÊN CỨU KẾT QUẢ CAN THIỆP ĐỘNG MẠCH VÀNH QUA DA SANG THƯƠNG TẮC HOÀN TOÀN MẠN TÍNH
Authors: Vũ Vũ Hoàng , Bình Trương Quang
Published: May 2022

Đặt vấn đề: Can thiệp sang thương tắc hoàn toàn mạn tính (THTMT) là thử thách lớn trong can thiệp động mạch vành (ĐMV) qua da với tỉ lệ thất bại thủ thuật cao hơn can thiệp các sang thương khác. Các nghiên cứu về kết quả can thiệp qua da sang thương THTMT tại Việt Nam không nhiều nên chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu này nhằm có thêm dữ liệu về kết quả can thiệp sang thương THTMT ĐMV.

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỉ lệ thành công, các yếu tố liên quan thất bại của thủ thuật can thiệp qua da sang thương THTMT ĐMV.

Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu quan sát trên 194 bệnh nhân được can thiệp ĐMV qua da sang thương THTMT tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Dược TP Hồ Chí Minh, từ 04/2017 đến 06/2019.

Kết quả: Bệnh nhân có tuổi trung bình là 67,3±11,3; với 73,7% nam cao so với nữ; 82,5% có tiền sử ghi nhận tăng huyết áp, 26,3% nhồi máu cơ tim cũ, can thiệp ĐMV qua da trước đây (26,3%), đái tháo đường (29,9%), bệnh thận mạn (9,8%) và 77,4% bệnh nhân nhập viện vì hội chứng vành cấp. Điểm SYNTAX I trung bình là 21,7±7,2. Tỉ lệ thành công chung của thủ thuật là 87,1%. Các yếu tố liên quan đến thất bại thủ thuật gồm có: chỉ số BMI > 25kg/m2; điểm J-CTO cao; điểm J-CTO ³3; mỏm gần không rõ; mạch máu xoắn vặn; mạch máu vôi hoá; chiến lược can thiệp ngược dòng, và không sử dụng siêu âm trong lòng mạch.

Kết luận: Nghiên cứu can thiệp ĐMV qua da sang thương THTMT có tỉ lệ thành công thủ thuật tương đối cao (87,1%); yếu tố tiên lượng thất bại bao gồm: bệnh nhân thừa cân; thang điểm J-CTO cao, J-CTO ³ 3; mạch máu xoắn vặn và vôi hoá; mỏm gần không rõ, chiến lược can thiệp ngược dòng và không sử dụng siêu âm trong lòng mạch.
The Effect of Teachers' Cognitive Flexibility on Attitudes towards Compulsory Distance Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: ÖZEN Fatmanur , ÜÇÜNCÜ Adem Selçuk
Published: May 2022

The period when education services were tried to be provided remotely due to the COVID-19 epidemic enabled teachers to be intertwined with technology-supported teaching platforms. The acquisition of the technology required to use the platform, adaptation of the existing teaching strategies, methods, and techniques to the platform, and the need to stay in touch with all stakeholders related to education in this process have led to new experiences for teachers and many challenging situations. During this process, it was predicted that teachers frequently use their cognitive flexibility, which enables them to think about different solutions and make functional changes for different or problematic situations. The research is a survey study. Data were collected from teachers with the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory and the Attitude Scale towards Compulsory Distance Education. Their validity and reliability were retested within this research's scope. The results of this study, in which the data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, show that the cognitive flexibility of the teachers participating in the research was high during the epidemic period. They had attitudes that could not be evaluated positively or negatively regarding compulsory distance education. Although there is a relationship between teachers' cognitive flexibility levels and their attitudes towards compulsory distance education, it is low.
Family life education. Sexual education
Authors:   University of European Studies of Moldova, Diţa Maria , Calbaza-Ormenișan Mirela ,   Babeș-Bolyai University, Romania
Published: May 2022

Education for family life aims to prepare young people to have an adult life, for a more satisfying and stable family life. Sex education is about learning about the cognitive, emotional, social, interactive, and physical aspects of sexuality. Sex education is a sure way to maturity by encouraging understanding of emotions and feelings, teaching the principles of human reproduction, providing knowledge about family and interpersonal relationships, learning about safety, and developing confidence and communication skills. All this can be done gradually, depending on the age and stage of the child's development.
Biological explanations on criminal behavior
Authors:   National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine, Negrea Adelina , Pavlik Natalia ,   University of European Studies of Moldova
Published: May 2022

The literature on the biological explanations for antisocial and criminal behavior is growing considerably. This scientific article will provide a selective analysis of three specific biological factors: psychophysiological (outlining heart rate and skin conductance), brain mechanisms (focusing on aberrations in structure and function of the prefrontal cortex, amygdala and striatum) and genetic factor (highlighting the gender-environment and gene-gene interaction). Therefore, the knowledge and correct perception of the role of biology in antisocial and criminal behavior can contribute to the development of the explanatory power of current research and theories, as well as to inform the authorities in the field and the various treatment options.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS REGARDING THE TABLET PERSONAL COMPUTER (PC) AS A MOBILE LEARNING DEVICE AT A GRADUATE INSTITUTE IN TSHWANE: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
Authors: Cant Michael , Wiid JA , Enock Perpetual
Published: May 2022

The unfolding Fourth Industrial Revolution (FIR) has necessitated immense technological innovations in the educational sphere. To date, countable educational institutions in South Africa have introduced the Tablet Personal Computer (PC) to their students for academic purposes. However, perceptions regarding the Tablet PC as a mobile learning device has not been delved into in South Africa. This study has done such an exploration. The study explores the perceptions that graduate students in Tshwane hold of the Tablet Personal Computer (PC) as a mobile learning and management device[MC1] . Data was collected from full-time undergraduate students using a web based online survey with a semi-structured questionnaire. A population sample of 277 respondents was selected using non-probability method in the form of convenience sampling. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics methods. The results of the study indicated that the majority of the surveyed students had a positive perception regarding the Tablet PC. Based on the research findings, limitations, recommendations and future research opportunities were suggested.  [MC1]Sentence added
PESANTREN POLICY MANAGEMENT IN STUDENT EMPOWERMENT FUNCTIONS
Authors: Fitri Silvia , Lilis Neng , Azhar Lutfiani , Nafisa Zulfa , Fitria Dita
Published: May 2022

The study will discuss boarding policies for implementing its function as an empowering institution. The research was intended to find out how pestuous boarding policies are particularly interesting and to see how high the policy is. The research method used is the library research method that is a data gathering technique by conducting the study of books, literature, notes, and various reports relating to boarding policies in apostate encouraged function. The next discussion is to analyze the policy's no. 18 year 2019 law on boarding schools, particularly the chapter chapter on empowerment functions with swot analysis techniques that will examine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the policy. The policy on government support listed in act number 18 in 2019 of boarding schools chapter 46 has the strengths and weaknesses of each in the application of the santri empowerment function.
HUBUNGAN PENILAIAN KINERJA DAN PENGEMBANGAN KARIER DENGAN MOTIVASI KERJA PARA KARYAWAN DI YAYASAN MASJID AL-IKHLAS (YMAI)
Authors: Ali Fathudin
Published: May 2022

The progress of a company or foundation is dependent on the productivity of its employees. If the productivity of the employees is high, the company/foundation will be easier to move forward. However, the motivation to have high productivity is a problem that is quite faced by management / leadership, because it is hoped that motivation will arise in employees, not because of coercion or threats. So for that, efforts are made to encourage the creation of self-motivation. Among them is an assessment of work performance and then accompanied by career and position development. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the relationship between performance and career development with work motivation of employees at Masjid Al-Ikhlas Foundation (YMAI), in particular, apart from being a requirement for completing the task of completing the International Institute. In this study, the authors used a questionnaire method, which was distributed randomly to employees in the YMAI work environment, which was then collected using the SPSS system. Finally the author came to the conclusion that there is a positive relationship between performance and career development at YMAI.
Língua(gem) e justiça social: saberes, práticas e paradigmas v.2
Authors: Souza Neto Mauricio J.
Published: May 2022

Sete textos compõem esse segundo volume da coletânea "Língua(gem) e justiça social: saberes, práticas e paradigmas" . Sete. Exu é o mensageiro desses escritos que aqui se aquilombam. E não poderia ser diferente. Exu é o responsável pela inquietude, pela necessidade de se construir algo e pelos conflitos, sobretudo os conflitos necessários para a reflexão e ação. No caso deste livro, Enugbarijó é a boca que responde por Língua(gem) e Justiça Social. Os sete textos que fumegam diante dos olhos das leitoras e dos leitores são ebós de palavras que nos colocam diante do carrego colonial para ser queimado, como queimamos e bombardeamos o Judas no Sábado de Aleluia.
Interaction between breaking-induced vortices and nearbed structures: experimental and numerical investigation
Authors: Postacchini Matteo
Published: May 2022

During the breaking process, vorticity is generated near the air-water interface, and surface vortices move

downward, typically as an effect of either spilling or plunging breakers in a 2D or 3D fashion. Further, sharp

discontinuities in the seabed promote flow separation and generation of nearbed vortices, as in

correspondence of submerged sandy bars or man-made defense structures. The interaction between surface

(breaking-induced) vortices and nearbed structures is an important link between upper and lower boundaries

of the wave body, especially in terms of mass and momentum transfer, sediment stirring, air-water mixing

(Nadaoka et al., 1989). Such vortex interaction has been experimentally and numerically studied on a vertical

breakwater that forced a backward-type breaker (Wu et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2018), although the authors

used a solitary wave impacting an artificial structure, which generated a fairly small vortex interaction.

Laboratory tests are currently ongoing at the Università Politecnica delle Marche (Italy) within the FUNBREAK

project framework. A 50m-long wave flume hosts a 2D physical model made of contiguous sloping platforms,

where regular waves travel and break over a discontinuity. Wave gauges record the surface level along the

flume, while optical measurements are obtained using two high-speed cameras and a 10 W green-light laser

(Fig.1a). The particle tracking showed relevant interactions between surface and nearbed vortices (Fig.1b).

Furthermore, numerical simulations are run using the in-house code Xdolphin3D (Xie et al., 2020). The N-S

equations are discretized using the finite volume method in a Cartesian grid and the VOF method is employed

to capture the air-water interface together with a Cartesian cut-cell method to deal with the complex

topography. The motion of the wavemaker was input directly into the solver to generate different waves

using the moving body method. 2D RANS simulations have been run to check the interaction between surface

and nearbed vortices after the discontinuity, while detailed 3D LES are being undertaken to elucidate the

insight for the complex 3D vortical structures, which is difficult to measure in laboratory experiments (Fig.1c).
A vertically-Lagrangian, non-hydrostatic, multilayer model for multiscale free-surface flows
Authors: Popinet Stephane
Published: May 2022

I will present a semi-discrete, multilayer set of

equations describing the three-dimensional motion of an

incompressible fluid bounded below by topography and above by a

moving free-surface. This system is a consistent discretisation of

the incompressible Euler equations, valid without assumptions on the

slopes of the interfaces. Expressed as a set of conservation laws for

each layer, the formulation has a clear physical interpretation and

makes a seamless link between the hydrostatic Saint-Venant equations,

dispersive Boussinesq-style models and the incompressible Euler

equations. The associated numerical scheme, based on an approximate

vertical projection and multigrid-accelerated column relaxations,

provides accurate and efficient solutions for all regimes. The same

model can thus be applied to study metre-scale waves, even beyond

breaking, with results closely matching those obtained using

small-scale Euler/Navier-Stokes models, and coastal or global scale

dispersive waves, with an accuracy and efficiency comparable to

extended Boussinesq wave models. The implementation is adaptive,

parallel and open source as part of the Basilisk framework (basilisk.fr).
Spatial and Temporal Wave Variability at the Basque Coast: From wave energy at regional scales to runup of individual waves
Authors: Roeber Volker
Published: May 2022

The Basque Coast, located in the southeastern corner of the Bay of Biscay, is subject to a highly variable wave

regime - both spatially and temporally. Accurate computations of the nearshore wave processes are often

necessary to improve coastal risk management and to assess the local potential for wave energy exploitation.

Here, we pay attention to the variability of the local wave regime computed from offshore to nearshore and up

to the beach level. The third generation spectral wave model SWAN builds a 44-year wave hindcast over the

South Aquitaine coastal area and consequently describes the spatio-temporal variability of the wave climate.

Especially near steep bathymetric features, such as the Capbreton submarine canyon, pronounced longshore

gradients become evident. Regarding the temporal variability, some seasonal variability is observed but no

significant long-term trend of an inter-annual variability can be identified.

Wave breaking can induce critical loads on offshore structures. This work also focuses on wave-load estimations based on bulk parameters from a simplified wave breaking probability to characterize the survivability

of wave energy converts. This facilitates operational planning and identification of potential sites for the

installation of devices.

The use of phase-resolving models is becoming increasingly popular when focusing on small spatial scales and

complex environments such as embayed beaches, where features such as rocky islands or engineered shorelines

influence the wave regime. Here, the BOSZ model is utilized to compute wave-by-wave transformations and

swash zone processes in the complex environment of Grande Plage of Biarritz. Comparisons with field data

show that the model is able to reproduce the overall cross-shore wave transformations as well as swash processes with low errors under a wide range of conditions (tide levels and wave conditions). Both the temporal

and spatial variability of the swash are well captured by the model.

Spectral analyses highlight that the significant swash height computed for high frequencies (f ≥ 0.05 Hz)

contains the highest variability and also shows strong sensitivity to the wave conditions. Based on numerical

data, it appears that the nearshore morphology plays a key role in the distribution of wave energy at a local

scale and strongly influences the alongshore distribution of the runup
The Thermal Signature of the Residual Foam in Breaking Waves
Authors: Chickadel Chris
Published: May 2022

Quantifying energy dissipation due to wave breaking remains an essential but elusive goal for studying and modeling air-sea fluxes

of heat, gas, and momentum. Previous observations have shown that lifetimes of bubble plumes and surface foam are directly related

to the dissipated energy. Specifically, the foam decay time can be used to estimate the timescale of the subsurface bubble plume

and the energy dissipated in the breaking process. A mitigating factor is that the foam decay time can be significantly affected

by the surfactant concentration. We present an experimental investigation of a new technique that exploits the thermal signature

of cooling foam to infer wave breaking dynamics. The experiments were conducted in a laboratory wave tank using artificial seawater

with and without the addition of a surfactant. We show that the time from the start of the breaking process to the onset of cooling

scales with the bubble plume decay time and the dissipated energy, and is not significantly affected by the presence of additional

surfactants. We confirm observations from the field of the spatial variability of the temperature of foam generated by an individual

breaking event, which has implications for inferring the spatial variability of bubble plume depth.
Non-linear and non-hydrostatic processes in surf zone waves: new insights from 2D lidar observations
Authors: Martins Kevin
Published: May 2022

In recent years, remote sensing technology (e.g., lidar or stereo-video imagery) has seen tremendous developments and now allow

the collection of accurate and direct measurements of the sea-surface elevation in the nearshore region. In this presentation,

we will focus on recent experiments that employed both traditional pressure sensors and 2D lidar scanners to monitor the time-varying

free surface elevation associated with breaking and broken waves in the surf zone. In contrast to the traditional ‘single-point’

in-situ instrumentation, lidars directly capture the wave profile and thus provide unprecedented levels of detail on wave transformation

processes around breaking in the field. Non-linear and non-hydrostatic effects are found important everywhere in the surf zone:

from the outer surf region, where waves initiate breaking, to the inner surf region where they propagate as bores.

Yet, traditional methods for the reconstruction of the free surface from pressure measurements in the surf zone either

neglect these non-hydrostatic effects or approximate them with linear wave theory. At the wave-by-wave scale, this results in

the underestimation of the steepness and wave crest maximal elevations as seen by the pressure sensors. A recently developed

non-linear weakly dispersive reconstruction is found to consistently outperform the hydrostatic or classic transfer function

reconstructions over the entire surf zone, with relative errors on the surface elevation variance and skewness around 5% on average.

The performance of this irrotational method supports the hypothesis that the flow under broken waves is dominated by irrotational motions.
Wave breaking and jet formation on axisymmetric surface gravity waves
Authors: Bremer Ton van den
Published: May 2022

Axisymmetric standing waves occur across a wide range of free surface flows. When these waves reach a critical height

(steepness), wave breaking and jet formation occurs. For travelling surface gravity waves, the process of wave breaking

is generally considered to limit wave height and reversible wave motion. In the ocean, the behaviour of directionally

spread waves lies between the limits of purely travelling (2D) and axisymmetric (3D). Hence, understanding wave breaking

and jet formation on axisymmetric surface gravity waves is an important step in understanding extreme and breaking waves

in the ocean. We examine an example of axisymmetric wave breaking and jet formation colloquially known as the ‘spike wave’,

created in the FloWave circular wave tank at the University of Edinburgh, UK. We generate this spike wave with maximum crest

amplitudes of 0.15-6.0 m, with wave breaking occurring for crest amplitudes greater than 1.0 m. Unlike 2D travelling

waves, wave breaking does not limit maximum crest amplitude, and our measurements approximately follow the jet height

scaling proposed by Ghabacheet al. (2014, JFM) for cavity collapse. The spike wave is predominantly created by linear

dispersive focusing, which forms a deep wave trough. This trough or cavity then collapses producing a jet, which is highly

sensitive to the trough’s shape. The evolution of the jets that forming our experiments is predicted well by the hyperbolic

jet model proposed by Longuet-Higgins (1983, JFM), previously applied to jets forming on bubbles at much smaller scale
Vorticity dynamics in breaking waves
Authors: Iafrati Alessandro
Published: May 2022

Numerical investigation of the breaking of a 3D steep periodic wave is

conducted with a primary focus on the vorticity dynamics and energy

dissipation mechanisms. Simulations are performed at the same Weber number

and different Reynolds numbers. The analysis covers the bubble size

distribution, its evolution in time, and viscous dissipation.

Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the "vortex sheets", i.e.

zones of locally nearly two-dimensional shearing motion, and their role

on the development of vortex tubes. Whereas the total energy fraction

dissipated by the breaking is about independent of the Reynolds number,

the vorticity dynamics, the dissipation mechanisms, and the interaction

between bubbles and vortex structures are shown to be remarkably different.
Breaking wave impact on a smart boulder
Authors: Steer James
Published: May 2022

Scaled experiments were carried out at Ecole Centrale Marseille (ECM) to determine breaking wave impact modes and energies responsible for the transport of boulder clasts of O(100 t) positioned atop coastal cliffs. The experiments investigated both the breaking wave crest shape and the energy contained in the breaking wave. Detailed measurements of the local free surface, global free surface, and the reaction of the boulder will be presented.
Pelatihan Wirausaha Baru bagi Pengrajin pada Daerah Wisata Kuta Mandalika Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Sulistyo Aris Budi , Wijonarko Bambang , Kurniawan Arif
Published: May 2022

Pengabdian masyarakat adalah suatu kegiatan yang bertujuan membantu masyarakat tertentu dalam beberapa aktivitas. Program ini dirancang oleh berbagai sekolah tinggi dan institusi yang ada di Indonesia untuk memberikan kontribusi nyata bagi bangsa Indonesia. Dalam rangka program “Indonesia Tumbuh” salah satunya terdapat pengembangan 5 destinasi wisata Bali Baru yang menjadikan Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Mandalika sebagai tujuan wisata baru. Untuk kepentingan tersebut dibutuhkan peningkatan peran masyarakat sebagai pelaku pariwisata. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut Kementerian Perhubungan merencanakan Diklat Pengabdian Masyarakat. Diklat Pengabdian Masyarakat ini dimaksudkan untuk peningkatan kualitas produk – produk kerajinan lokal yang dapat menjadi souvenir gift secara global dalam menunjang event – event international kegiatan wisata pada kawasan tersebut. Metode yang di gunakan dalam kegitan ini adalah metode Pelatihan yaitu dengan memberikan penyuluhan tentang substansi kegiatan yang disertai dengan demonstrasi atau percontohan untuk realisasinya, pelatihan dalam pengoperasian sistem atau peralatan, pembentukan kelompok wirausaha baru, dan penyediaan jasa layanan bersertifikat kepada masyarakat. Program kegiatan yang telah berhasil merupakan titik awal untuk program berikutnya hingga tercapai tujuan yang diharapkan oleh masyarakat dan instansi satker POLTRADA Bali khususnya. Membantu mengantisipasi penyebaran wabah dengan berbagai langkah dilakukan untuk mengurangi penyebaran virus.
Penyuluhan Tertib Berlalu Lintas bagi Pesepeda di Masa New Normal
Authors: Pribadi Ocky Soelistyo , Sadri Putu Diva Ariesthana , Soimun Ahmad , Rupaka Anggun Prima Gilang , Purnama I Made
Published: May 2022

Peningkatan yang signifikan pengguna sepeda selama masa pandemi Covid-19 atau masa New Normal dapat memberikan dampak buruk jika tidak diikuti dengan peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai bagaimana berlalu lintas bagi pesepeda. Peran yang diperlukan adalah memberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan kepada masayrakat terutama bagi pesepedan pruduk dari adanya pandemi Covid-19 tentang bagaimana bersepeda yang tertib, aman dan selamat sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku serta bersepeda yang sesuai dengan protokol kesehatan melalui program penyuluhan kepada masayrakat. Sebagai Intitusi perguruan tinggi dengan kekususan bidang transportasi darat di bawah naungan Kementerian Perhubungan, Politeknik Transportasi Darat Bali (Poltrada Bali) memiliki kewajiban melaksanakan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi, salah satunya adalah Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM). Melalui program PKM ini Poltrada Bali berusaha menyelesaikan permasalahan yang muncul dimasyarakat akibat peningkatan pengguna sepeda yang signifikan dan tidak dibarengi oleh pemahaman tentang berlalu lintas. Serta untuk menyelarasakan program pemerintah untuk memutus rantai penyebaran Covid-19 yang berpotensi muncul akibat bersepeda yang tidak sesuai dengan protokol kesehatan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di sepanjang jalan pantai Kuta dan legian Kabupaten Badung.
Penyuluhan Pemanfaatan Energi Matahari sebagai Energi Alternatif di Pondok Pesantren Subulul Huda
Authors: Triwijaya Santi , Darmawan Arief , Wibowo Agustinus Prasetyo Edi , Pradipta Andri , Feryando Dara Aulia , Fikria Ainun
Published: May 2022

Pondok pesantren Subulul huda adalah salah satu pondok pesanten modern di Kabupaten Madiun yang memiliki sekitar ± 300 santri. Dalam rangka meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kompetensi siswa/santri Pondok Pesantren Subulul Huda, maka dosen Politeknik Perkeretaapian Indonesia (PPI) Madiun berupaya melakukan peningkatan pengetahuan santri melalui program pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan dengan mitra Pondok Pesantren Subulul Huda Kembangsawit Kabupaten Madiun. Kegiatan tersebut adalah sosialisasi berupa penyuluhan pemanfaatan energi matahari sebagai energi alternatif penghasil energi listrik. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat pada tanggal 23 November 2021. Dengan adanya kegiatan PKM ini, menghasilkan peningkatan pemahaman santri pondok pesantrens subulul huda dalam kategori baik sebesar 40.5%. Sehingga pengetahuan santri dengan kategori baik meningkat dari 32.6% menjadi 73.1%.
Dampak Pemasangan Marka Khusus dalam Kemampuan Menjaga Jarak Kendaraan Saat Bergerak pada Ruas Jalandengan Kecepatan Tinggi
Authors: Sukmayasa I made , Ahmad Rahmat , Fitasari Yusime , Ariani Nova , Hidayat Dwi Wahyu
Published: May 2022

Berdasarkan data organisasi kesehatan dunia menyatakan bahwa setiap tahun jumlah kematian akibat dari kecelakaan lalu lintas mencapai 1,35 juta orang, berdasarkan data dari Korlantas polri (https://korlantas.polri.go.id/), jumlah kecelakaan di wilayah Indonesia per- 2 Maret 2021 mencapai 191 orang. Kecelakaan beruntun dan kecelakaan tabrak depan-belakang (rear-end) adalah suatu fenomena yang sering terjadi di indonesia. Dalam teknik mengemudi diperlukan 2 - 3 detik untuk menjaga jarak kendaraan, tergantung pada kecepatan (NYS DMV - Driver's Manual, 2011). Dengan adanya marka khusus, diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan pengemudi untuk mengatur jarak kendaran headway dan Gap untuk menciptakan keselamatan berkendara. Penelitian ini menganalisa dampak dari penggunaan marka khusus sebagai acuan pengemudi untuk dapat menjaga jarak aman kendaraan saat kendaraan bergerak pada ruas jalan dengan kecepatan tinggi, seperti pada jalan nasional atau jalan rawan kecelakaan tabrak depan-depan. Proses trianggulasi digunakan sebagai metode dalam penelitian ini dengan penggabungan berbagai teknik pengumpulan data. Survey Kecepatan dilakukan di Jalan menuju pulau serangan kepada 21 orang pengemudi. Tanggapan masyarakat terhadap desain marka bahwa dari jumlah responden sebanyak 538 orang, sebanyak 44.8 % responden atau 201 orang memilih marka model A yaitu Marka khusus melintang yang diletakan pada sisi dalam ruas jalan. Dari hasil percobaan terhadap perilaku pengemudi dalam melalui zona dengan marka khusus dapat diketahui bahwa percepatan dan jarak antar kendaraan menjadi lebih stabil. Dari hasil analisa SWOT terhadap penerapan marka khusus yang diperoleh dari hasil kuisioner, percobaan dan wawancara mendalam terhadap pengemudi dapat diketahui bahwa marka dipakai sebagai acuan dalam menjaga jarak.
Pengaruh Variabel Layanan terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Pemilihan Jasa Layanan Logistik
Authors: Pribadi Ocky Soelistyo , Istiyanto Bambang , Masyuni Ida Ayu , Suryasa I Putu Adi , Rupaka Anggun Prima , Navianti Dynes Rizky
Published: May 2022

Perkembangan dunia usaha yang semakin cepat dan laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang semakin padat, pertumbuhan ekonomi semakin meningkat pula. Hal ini menyebabkan persaingan perusahaan semakin tajam terutama dalam memasarkan produk-produknya baik berupa barang maupun jasa kepada masyarakat atau konsumen. Pemasaran termasuk salah satu kegiatan yang penting bagi perusahaan dalam rangka mempertahankan kelangsungan hidupnya dan perkembangannya, serta untuk memperoleh keuntungan besar. Penelitian ini membatasi masalah pada hubungan pengaruh layanan terhadap pengambilan keputusan pemilihan jasa layanan logistic di area Kota Denpasar yang meliputi produk, harga, promosi (branding), lokasi, proses, karyawan, sarana dan prasarana penunjang logistik. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan jasa layanan pengantaran kilat, pengemasan barang, harga, dan layanan karyawan adalah variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan pada pemilihan layanan logistik di Kota Denpasar.
The phenomenon of unconstitutional values in legal science and practice
Authors: Aleska S.
Published: May 2022

The discussion in legal science about the existence of values that are opposed to constitutional ones is considered. The validity of such values is proved. To designate them, the category "unconstitutional values" is introduced. The essence and practical significance of this phenomenon are being clarified. The justification is provided by domestic and foreign legal practice. The special role of the constitutional control bodies in identifying and overcoming unconstitutional values and aspirations is shown. It is noted that the latter may arise as a result of constitutional justice. The urgency of the problem associated with unconstitutional values in the digital age is emphasized.
Groundwater as an object of legal relations
Authors: Moskvina V.
Published: May 2022

The concepts of "groundwater", "underground water body", "water body" are considered. The classification of an underground water body is presented. The normative legal acts in the field of subsoil use and water use, as well as the legislation of foreign countries are analyzed. The comparison of direct groundwater objects with the legislation of foreign countries is carried out. The author's concept of classification of underground water bodies and their concepts is presented.
The impact of alternative energy on the world's energy mix of global energy consumption
Authors: Karpenka E. , Yuan Honghao
Published: May 2022

Alternative energy is a strategic future for humanity because of the inevitable rise in cost and depletion of natural resources and, in the long term, nuclear materials for nuclear power operations. Every study in renewable energy development is an approach to make better use of renewable energy sources. Many countries have set targets for increased renewable energy clustering. Western European countries occupy an honourable place.

The EU case study examines actions to integrate renewables into the current energy system, ensuring that the share of renewables in electricity generation reaches 12% by 2022. Renewables could thus change the fuel and energy mix, both of individual countries and of the global community as a whole, in the coming years.
Methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the use of public funds
Authors: Malei E. , Trubovich R.
Published: May 2022

In order to plan and monitor the effectiveness of the use of public funds (finance), the article analyzes the essence of the category "effectiveness" in the context of public finance management. The elements of effectiveness of the use of public funds are defined – "economy", "performance" and "productivity". An approach to the formation of a system of indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the use of targeted public funds is considered, based on the relationship between the selected stages of the implementation of a state event (project) and the corresponding groups of indicators that determine the "economy", "performance" and "productivity" of invested funds in the implementation of the project.
Public-private partnership as a legal instrument linking the elements of sustainable development
Authors: Kurylovich M.
Published: May 2022

The formation of the national legislation of the Republic of Belarus in the field of sustainable development, as well as the partnership between the state and economic entities, is significantly influenced by the established international legal regulation. In this regard, the article analyzes the process of formation of the term «sustainable development» in international law, as well as the emergence of cooperation between the state and the private sector. The role of the mechanism of public-private partnership as a legal instrument linking the elements of sustainable development is substantiated. The author draws attention to the need to involve economic entities in environmental protection and rational nature management, as well as the involvement of the public as the third mandatory partner, for which it is proposed to use the definition of «public-private partnership». Recommendations are formulated for improving the legislation of the Republic of Belarus, including on public-private partnership, in order to achieve the goals of sustainable development.
Reactive spark plasma sintering of ZrB2-TiC composites: Role of nano-sized carbon black additive
Authors: Istgaldi Hamid , Mehrabian Mehdi , Kazemi Faramarz , Nayebi Behzad
Published: May 2022

ZrB2-TiC composites with and without nano-sized carbon black as the sintering additive were densified through spark plasma sintering at 1900 °C for 7 minutes under the applied pressure of 40 MPa. The role of carbon black in densification behavior, phase arrangement, microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the sintered composites were then investigated. While both of the composite samples were found to be fully sintered, the thermodynamic of the reactive sintering was also studied. Results indicated that whereas the reactive sintering process leads to complete consumption of TiC through the formation of the solid solution as the matrix in both of the composite samples, the presence of carbon black at the initial composition of the samples can result in remained carbon at the final microstructure. Besides the in-situ synthesized zirconium carbide as the major reinforcement phase, such a remained carbon can lead to significantly different mechanical behavior of the composites. Accordingly, the hardness of 21.8 and 24.3 GPa and the indentation fracture toughness of 3.3 and 4.5 MPa.m0.5 were obtained for carbon-black free and doped samples, respectively. The densification, hardening, and toughening mechanisms in both of the composite samples were finally discussed.
Iran without the Iranians: The Troubled History of Iranian Nationalism
Authors: Ansari Ali M.
Published: May 2022

Iranian nationalism and its implications for historiography remains one of the more contested areas of study among scholars of Iran and most studies will make reference to it consciously or unconsciously in their discussion of continuity and change. Two broad schools of thought have emerged; one that is radically modernist in its approach, drawing on the ideas of Edward Said, while the other derives its inspiration from the Cambridge school and the field of hermeneutics. This impressive collection of essays suggests the former and excels at the latter, with diverse studies analyzing the origins of nationalist ideology and its successes and failures over the last century. Imbued with Enlightenment ideas, Iranian nationalism has yet to succeed in transforming itself from an ideology of state control to one of social emancipation as its founding fathers had hoped.
A Gloomy Forecast Borne out by the Flawed Iran Deal
Authors: Landau Emily B.
Published: May 2022

The Kroenig and Pollack books are poised on opposite sides of a critical policy dilemma. Both admit to the failure of negotiations—at the time of their respective writing—to get Iran to back down from the military nuclear ambitions that they both believe, with varying degrees of certainty, Iran harbors. Both express their skepticism regarding the ability to achieve this goal when continuing with the diplomatic approach, and this leads both authors to seriously consider what they at the time both viewed as the final fork in the road in this long and drawn-out process: namely, the decision whether to “bomb Iran” or “live with the bomb.” Mousavian's book offers a uniquely Iranian perspective on the negotiations. While these books are essential reading for those interested in the history of the Iranian nuclear crisis, and the international efforts to curb Iran's military nuclear ambitions, they offer no reassurance that negotiations—as a nonproliferation strategy—can stop a determined proliferator.
Acute Viral Hepatitis in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients: Variable Outcomes
Authors: Lohana Durga , Ismail Ayzaz , Aslam Muhammad Nouman , Azam Muhammad , Masood Ayesha
Published: May 2022

Diabetes mellitus is frequent in Pakistan, which is also notorious for severe viral hepatitis epidemics on a regular basis. According to the present study, the clinical results of acute hepatitis B with and without diabetes were compared. Place and Duration: This is cross-sectional descriptive study was held in the Medicine department of M. Islam Medical and Dental College Gujranwala for one-year duration from January 2021 to December 2021. Methods: Patients with diabetes (n = 110, A group) and those without diabetes (n = 120, B group) were divided into two groups of 230 AVH patients. Age, gender, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels did not vary significantly between the two groups. All patients were monitored for a period of 12 months or until they were completely cured. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was conducted on all of the patients in order to provide greater insight into the development of potential problems. In addition, abdominal ultrasonography was performed on all of the patients. Results: 90 and 100 of the AVH cases in groups A and B were caused by the hepatitis E virus, respectively. Only 9 of 120 patients in group B had jaundice that lasted longer than 6 months, compared to 40 of 110 (36.4%) of patients in group A. I In both groups, HEV was the primary cause of AVH (group A: (81.9%); group B: (83.3 percent). In both groups, HBV was the second most common cause of AVH. Two patients in group B developed AVH as a result of HAV. In several individuals, the etiological cause of AVH was unknown. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, all patients with diabetes and acute viral hepatitis (AVH) should be continuously observed because there is a danger of severe liver damage and even death in these individuals. Keywords: acute viral hepatitis, diabetics, variables, outcomes
A Comparative Study on the Effects of Spinal Versus General Anaesthesia on Apgar Score of the Neonates among Patients Enduring Elective Caesarean Section
Authors: Khan Muhammad Nadeem , Zubair Hina , Akram Sara , Perveen Saima , Fatima Arooj , . Madiah
Published: May 2022

Objective: The purpose of this analysis was to do the comparison of the effect of general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia on neonatal Apgar score in patients enduring elective cesarean section. Study design: A Randomized control trial. Place and duration: In the department of Anesthesia, pain and intensive care Divisional Headquarters teaching Hospital Mirpur Hospital for six-months duration from July 2021 to December 2021. Methods: In this study, 120 patients in the cesarean section operating room list were alienated into 2 equal groups. Group I (n = 60) were given spinal anesthesia and in group II (n = 60), general anesthesia was given. There was no significant difference in height, weight and age of patients. Patient information is recorded on the designed performa. Comparisons were made between groups I and II. Apgar scores were assessed 1 and 5 minutes after birth and recorded as proforma. Results: The patients mean age of the group-I was 30.04 ± 4.9 years and 29.81± 5.84 years in the group-II. The mean change between the groups was not statistically substantial (p = 0.66). The patients mean weight in the first group was 70.95 ± 10.31 kg and in the second group it was 73.50 ±11.28 kg. Infants born to women who received spinal anesthesia had a higher Apgar score at 1 minute and 5 minutes compared to females who were given general anesthesia (P <0.001). The highest proportion of patients in the first group exhibited better Apgar score than patients in the second group. Conclusion: Neonates of females who had cesarean section under spinal anesthesia had better APGAR score than under general anesthesia. Keywords: Apgar score, spinal anesthesia, general anesthesia, neonatal
The Effectiveness of Trans-Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) in Reducing Pain Caused by Orthodontic Movement; A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zahid Haider , Raja Ulfat Bashir , Durrani Owais Khalid , Shehzad Sofia , Aslam Maria , Khan Mahnoor
Published: May 2022

Objective: To check the effectiveness of TENS therapy in reducing pain caused by orthodontic movement. Methods: This was a single-blinded parallel-arm randomized controlled trial among patients presented for treatment of increased overjet using the split-mouth technique. Ethical consent was obtained from 45 patients. An initial levelling and alignment of dentition were achieved, followed by extraction of maxillary pre-molars, and canines were distalized, maintaining 100grams of force. The TENS pads were placed on the cheeks. One side was supplied with active impulses, considered an interventional side, while the other was not supplied with impulses and was marked as the control side. Pain intensity was measured on the tested tool (NRS scale) during resting and clenching (T1). The patient was instructed to use the device the same way for a total of five more times, at T2 (2hrs), T3 (6hrs), T4 (24hrs), T5 (48hrs), and T6 (72hrs). The data were analyzed using SPSS version 24, Chi-square test was applied to compare the pain intensity. Results: Among 45 patients (77.8% female and 21.2% male), the mean age of 19.0 ± 4.13 years. The average pain intensity on rest at 0 and 2 hours was 1.33 ± 1.108, which was at peak T3 (6 hours) 1.87 ± 1.546 and T4 (24 hours) 1.71 ± 1.359. However, it significantly decreased at T5 (48 hours) and T6 (72 hours) of intervention, which were 1.38 ± 0.8 and 1.31 ± 1.04, respectively. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The same pattern of pain reduction was seen in patients with clenching (p<0.05). This showed that the pain intensity was decreased, but the pattern was not linear, as indicated that the pain at T3 and T4 was increased, but later, it was significantly decreased at T5 and T6. A negative correlation was observed between pain intensity and interval of TENS applied onward from the 4th interval in both groups (TENS applied on rest and TENS applied on clenching). Pain score at 72 hours was significantly low compared to post TENS applied (p<0.001). Conclusion: TENS efficacy is insignificant at T1 and T2, with a significant increase in pain during T3 and T4; however, at T5 and T6, there was a significant reduction in pain which indicates a greater efficacy of the device reducing pain compared to the placebo. Key Words: Orthodontic, Pain, Periodontal and Trans-electrical nerve stimulation
Risk factors of HIV/AIDS in Sindh province, Pakistan – A Systemic Review
Authors: Jamali Yasir Akbar , Jamali Imran Ali , Shaikh Shakeel Ahmed , Mangrio Wali Muhammad , Menghwar Bhanwrio , Warsi Jamshed , Malik Mushahid Hussain
Published: May 2022

Background: - The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is one of the most challenging health problems in medicine today. Epidemiologic, virologic, serologic, and immunologic studies have strongly implicated that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the causal cause of this newly identified fatal disease. Although AIDS has been identified in all the major continents of the world. Methods: - We conducted a comprehensive literature search using PubMed and google scholar. Papers were included from January 2000 to December 2021. For the search strategy, combinations of the following keywords and medical subject heading (MeSH) terms were used: Risk factors of HIV in Sindh’, ‘Risk factors of AIDS in Sindh’, ‘risk factors of HIV/AIDS in Sindh, epidemic of HIV in Larkana’, ‘AIDS in children in Sindh’. Results: - The major risk factor for HIV in Sindh unsafe Injection Drug users, Hijra Sex workers, and male to male sex workers followed by heterosexual contact and blood transfusion. Larkana city was an epicenter of HIV outbreaks in the past two decades. HIV infection also spread via the renal dialysis machine in Larkana. Conclusion: - Government should take serious steps for the prevention of HIV infection and open AIDS control programs in every district of Sindh and available antiviral therapy for all patients as early as possible. Keywords: HIV infection, AIDS, communication, Sindh
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases in Newly Analyzed Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Risk Factors
Authors: Ismail Ayzaz , Anjum Jahangir , Bhatti Hammad ur Rehman , Bhutto Mazhar Ali , Azam Muhammad , Masood Ayesha
Published: May 2022

Aim: NAFLD is becoming more common among Asians, as is type-II DM & obesity both of which are connected to fatty liver disease. The goal of the research was to govern the pervasiveness of NAFLD in T2DM patients, as well as their risk factors, in Pakistani population. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was held in the medicine department of Islam Medical and Dental College Sialkot for one-year duration from January 2021 to December 2021. This research included adult individuals who had been diagnosed with T2DM during the previous six months. Ultrasound of the liver was used to detect NAFLD. Measurements that were clinically and biochemically important were completed. Results: NAFLD was detected in 124 T2DM individuals out of a total of 160. (77.5 percent). According to multivariable analysis, NAFLD is associated with dyslipidemia (95 percent, p = 0.035), higher LDL (OR 1.02, p = 0.003), HbA1c (OR1.27, p = 0.045), and diastolic blood pressure (OR 1.05, Hypertension, dyslipidemia, waist circumference, BMI, triglycerides, lack of physical activity, reduced LDL, HDL, ALT and HbA1c all had a combined risk of 11.2 for NAFLD. Conclusion: Numerous lifestyle-related factors have been investigated in connection to a high incidence of NAFLD. It assesses risk factor values to demonstrate the need for NAFLD screening in newly diagnosed DM patients in Pakistan. Keywords: diabetes, risk factors, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity