bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La instalación artístico-sonora como catalizadora de procesos de patrimonialización en la formación de futuros docentes
Authors: De Castro Martín Pablo , Blanco García Yurima
Published: May 2023

Introducción: Este artículo valora una experiencia desarrollada por el alumnado del Grado en Educación Infantil de la Facultad de Educación de Palencia (Universidad de Valladolid) basada en el diseño y aplicación de instalaciones artístico-sonoras en espacios naturales del Campus. Estas prácticas crean vínculos intensos con el propio proceso formativo, contribuyen a que sus experiencias creativas configuren su identidad y en la identificación de su patrimonio individual como aporte para su implicación en la revisión y mejora del sistema educativo.
Método: Se adopta el aprendizaje basado en proyectos y la investigación etnográfica; se realiza observación participante, el diseño y aplicación de una rúbrica de evaluación y el análisis e interpretación de datos cualitativos.
Resultados: El interés pedagógico se trasluce en el aprendizaje significativo, la formación en competencias clave y la adquisición de competencias específicas de la asignatura. Los resultados muestran creatividad y efectividad en el diseño de cuerpos sonoros y sus modos de ejecución, la transformación del patio escolar bajo criterios artísticos de inclusión y respeto hacia el medio ambiente y la importancia de estimular sinergias artísticas y pedagógicas en la formación inicial de maestros/as.
Conclusiones: Las prácticas significativas (experiencias, proyectos, artefactos educativos…) definirán la identidad docente de los futuros maestros y promueven un patrimonio docente personal que completarán en su desarrollo profesional. Las instalaciones artístico-sonoras en contextos educativos integran las áreas de expresión musical y artística y estimulan su aplicación en las escuelas. El trabajo colaborativo, la creatividad, el emprendimiento y el sentido crítico favorecen procesos identitarios y podrían ser una praxis continua en su futura docencia.
Selection and genetic basis of increasing tobacco productivity
Authors: Hliudzyk-Shemota Marharyta
Published: May 2023

Purpose. The article analyzes and summarizes studies of Ukrainian and foreign scientists in order to address pressing issues of tobacco breeding for increased performance. The study purpose was to search for information and sources in order to select promising varieties of tobacco with high seed productivity for further use in breeding.

Materials and methods. Articles and conference abstracts by Ukrainian and foreign researchers were reviewed; other resources related to increased seed productivity and stable yield of leaves with high marketable quality were analyzed.

Results and discussion. The article analyzes publications in which Ukrainian and foreign scientists reported their results on the peculiarities of tobacco breeding. The effects of the vegetation period as well as of biotic and abiotic factors on the seed productivity are described. Different shapes of inflorescence were evaluated for seed productivity. Patterns in the inheritance of seed productivity elements and peculiarities of creation of interspecies hybrids of tobacco were established. The difficulties arising in the process and ways to overcome them are considered. Tobacco collections were analyzed in terms of economic characteristics.

Conclusions. Thus, the article presents a theoretical generalization of and a scientifically sound solution to an important scientific problem of determining the seed productivity of tobacco varieties and breeding material. The patterns in the inheritance of seed productivity traits were established. The following sources of very high seed productivity, with a high genetic potential for the conditions of the Transcarpathian region, were selected for building up a basic collection and its subsequent use in breeding: Amerikan 311, Bravyi 200, Zhovtolystnyi 36, Makhorkovydnyi 28, Temp 400, Erho 23, Basma 99, Zahradni 8, Ukrainskyi 12, Ternopilskyi 14, Berley 38, Virginia 27, Venherskyi Ohorodnyi, and Kruprnolystnyi. Recommendations were given to agrarian enterprises of the Zakarpatska Oblast regarding the tobacco assortment: Amerikan 20, Sobolchskyi 15, Ternopilskyi 7, Ternopilskyi 14, Virginia 27, Temp, Ukrainskyi 18, Ukrainskyi 27, Zakarpatskyi 12, and Kerti.
Efficiency of different cycles of multiple individual-family selection in the breeding of multi-sprout sugar beet pollinators
Authors: Trush S.H. , Parfenіuk O.А. , Balanіuk L.А. , Tatarchuk V.M.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. To create multi-sprout sugar beet pollinators with a narrowed genetic basis, to assess their productivity and combining ability over time at different stages of multiple individual-family selection.

Materials and methods. The studies were conducted at the Tobacco Experimental Station of the National Research Center «Institute of Agriculture of NAAS» in the Laboratory of Sugar Beet Breeding in 2009–2020. Seven diploid multi-sprout sugar beet populations bred in Ukraine were taken as starting material. New multi-sprout pollinators were obtained by multiple individual-family selection. Breeding accessions were tested by the method developed by scientists of the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet of NAAS. The GCA was evaluated using unidirectional cyclic crosses on the basis of three CMS-testers.

Results and discussion. The results demonstrated a high efficiency of two and three cycles of individual-family selection for increasing the root yields of the multi-sprout sugar beet pollinators. The root yields increased by 11.7% and 13.5% after two and three selection cycles, respectively, related to the original populations. Subsequent selection cycles (four and five) were less effective due to inbreeding depression. The yields of the multi-sprout pollinators was 106.3% and 98.2% after four and five selection cycles, respectively, related to the original populations. The multi-sprout pollinators from selection cycles four and five had the highest sugar content in roots: 121.6% and 119.5%, respectively, related to the original populations.

As to the compound trait of «sugar collection», the highest productivity in the multi-sprout pollinators was observed after three selection cycles (119.5%). In subsequent cycles of selection, this parameter decreased.

The yield and sugar content in roots of the best diploid multi-sprout sugar beet pollinators varied between 108.2–116.3% and 98.6–105.5%, respectively, related to the group reference. As to the sugar collection and output, they exceeded the group reference by 9.2–19.2% and 9.5–21.8%, respectively.

Conclusions. In the 2009–2020 studies, the changes in the performance characteristics of the multi-sprout sugar beet pollinators from different cycles of multiple individual-family selection were investigated over time. The highest basic productivity was seen in the multi-sprout pollinators from selection cycle 3, which should be used both as sources of valuable genotypes – ancestors of lines and directly as parents of hybrids. Ten highly productive multi-sprout sugar beet pollinators with the optimal combinations of the most significant breeding-genetic traits have been created.
Evaluation of sunflower starting material for breeding-valuable traits
Authors: Chuiko D. V.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. To evaluate self-pollinated sunflower lines for major breeding-valuable and agronomically useful traits in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.

Materials and methods. Fourteen self-pollinated sunflower lines of different genetic origins were studied. The field and laboratory experiments were conducted in accordance with traditional methods. The pollen viability from the fertile sunflower lines was determined by the tetrazole method.

Results and discussion. Of the studied sunflower genotypes, five genotypes were distinguished: Skh808А/Kh1002B, Skh808А, Kh785V, and Kh06135V. They had the highest head productivity of 30.0–57.8 g (1.7–3.3 t/ha) in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. We confirmed other scientists’ results on leaf death and absence of correlation between the plant height, LSI and productivity (r = 0.05; -0.11; -0.13, respectively). It was noted that LSI was important for oil content in seeds and negatively correlated with it (r = -0.57). As to the “shooting-anthesis” period, Skh808А has the shortest period of development (60 days) and KhNAU1133V – the longest one (75 days). The sunflower lines obtained via mutagenesis gave low yields (0.5 t/ha). Kh06134V was distinguished due to its pollen viability, as this line produced the largest amount of viable pollen grains (64.5%).

Conclusions. The main features of the growth and development of sunflower lines in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine were determined. The main breeding and economically useful features of the sunflower lines were assessed. Owing to the study, the Skh808А/Kh1002B, Skh808А, Kh785V, and Kh06135V genotypes with the best productivity and quality were singled out. The Kh06134V line, which produced the largest amount of viable pollen grain, was identified.
Genetic diversity analysis of winter wheat accessions of different geographical origins by PCA
Authors: Маkaova B. E. , Tyshchenko V. M. , Kryvoruchko L. M.
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to analyze expression of morphological and agronomic valuable traits in winter wheat in the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine; to select valuable accessions; and to evaluate the winter wheat collection depending on the region of origin by PCA.

Materials and methods. The material for the research were 177 varieties of winter wheat of varieties from 20 countries, including 69 varieties of different research institutions of Ukraine. The collection included modern commercial varieties and breeding lines. Differentiation of samples was carried out on the following traits: field winter hardiness, earing date, plant height, field resistance to Septoria spp., waxiness of flag leaf, width of flag leaf, yield components (ear length, spikelet number, number of grains and their weight from ear) and thousand grains weight (TGW). The research was carried out by visual surveys in the field conditions in accordance with the recommendations and measurements of plant parts after bringing to an air-dry state.

Results and discussion.Significant variation was found for all studied traits, the coefficient of variation was more than 10%, which indicates a medium and high level of diversity of the studied samples. The analysis of genotype assessment using the principal components analysis method was performed and the differential traits by geographical origin was established – field winter hardiness, field resistance to Septoria spp. and the earing date. All the above-mentioned traits are adaptive traits and determine the prospects for the using of varieties in breeding programs as sources of valuable traits. It should be noted that the weather conditions of 2020-2021 vegetation year were atypical (excessive moisture in the spring − 135 mm).

Conclusions: The results of the study identified samples that can be used in crossing combinations of as a source of valuable traits. The 37 samples of different origin with high (above 8 points) field winter hardiness and 40 samples with high resistance to leaf septoria were identified. Varieties that combined high winter hardiness and resistance to Septoria − Bogdana and Podilska Nyva (Ukraine), breeding line 653.1.5 (Estonia), Augustina (Belarus), Duplet (Russia). Using the principal component analysis and the approach of visualization of its results (PCA biplot) is a convenient tool for sampling of different origins and creating a collection of source material.
Priorities for further development of sales activities of the Plant production institute of named after V.Ya. Yuriev in the Ukrainian pea seed market
Authors: Vasylenko А. О. , Ulko Ye. M. , Yegorova N. Yu. , Shevchenko L. M. , Hliantsev A. M. , Bezuhlyi I. M. , Shtelma A. M.
Published: May 2023

Materials and methods. Recent data of the FAO and the Ukrainian State Statistical Service on the production and sales of seeds of first generations of pea varieties of the Laboratory of Grain Legume Breeding were taken as source materials for the study. The SWOT analysis principles and mechanisms and I Ansoff's matrix were used as analytical tools..

Results and discussion. The choice of the Institute's strategy for scientific products (pea seeds) was rationalized using the ‘product-market’ matrix (I. Ansoff's matrix). In this aspect, the focus is on organic farming and organic products. This link also includes the state support for animal husbandry. The product development strategy emphasizes the generation of new models, quality improvement, etc. In this respect, the issue of breeding specialized food pea varieties is important.

If we analyze the SWOT-matrix of the strengths of the scientific products under investigation, we will see that the Institute’s results are quite fundamental and will ensure an advantage over other manufacturers for a long time. We consider the strengths of the Institute to be its well-moulded image and recognition in the pea seed market not only in Ukraine but also abroad. The creation of new varieties of peas is the mainstream of work; the list of indicators to which both existing and potential buyers pay close attention is constantly modified. At the same time, the weaknesses identified due to the analysis and significantly affecting the sales of pea seeds of first generations are adjustable. Thus, limiting employees in royalties as well as lack of investment in marketing and analysis of marketing activities do not increase sales. In today's world, the vast majority of information comes via the Internet, where consumers’ opinions about products are formed. Therefore, it is advisable to advertise products on the Internet to provide interesting and useful information. Without updated information, consumers lose interest in the manufacturer.

Conclusions. SWOT analysis allows one to find the weaknesses and strengths of scientific products, to compare the threats and opportunities of the business space. In addition to in-depth market analysis to increase sales of scientific products, specifically peas bred by the Institute, it is necessary to finance projects for Internet advertising of scientific products, to professionally support the Institute's website, to improve the professionalism of employees, and to give them reasonable financial and career motivation.
Correlations between the protein content in grain with economic characters in winter bread wheat breeding accessions of hybrid origin on irrigation
Authors: Vozhehova R.A. , Lavrynenko Yu.O. , Marchenko T.Yu. , Bazalii H.H. , Zhupina A.Yu. , Sinhaievskyi A.M. , Mishchenko S.V.
Published: May 2023

Purpose and Objectives. To evaluate the expression of the "protein content in grain" trait in winter bread wheat lines derived from late-ripening accessions of the Western European ecotype; to construct correlation-regression models for the relationships of the protein content in grain with the "anthesis - grain ripeness" interphase period length and grain yield in elite accessions grown in breeding nurseries.

Material and Methods. The field studies were carried out at the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of NAAS in 2019–2021. Modern winter wheat varieties bred at the Institute, collection specimens of the Western European ecotype, which had been introduced from France (registration numbers Kf1...16), and their hybrids were studied. Individual selections of elite plants from F2 were brought to the control nursery and evaluated for protein content in grain, yield, "anthesis - ripeness" period and other economic characteristics. Biometric measurements, biochemical analyses, and yield records were conducted by traditional methods. The study methods were field, laboratory, biochemical, breeding-genetic, and statistical. The studies were carried out under irrigation conditions at the pre-irrigation field moisture capacity (FMC) in the 0–50 cm soil layer of 75%.

Results and Discussion. The expression of the "protein content in grain" trait in the breeding accessions selected from hybrid populations, which had been originated from Western European ecotypes of winter bread wheat, was analyzed; the correlation-regression models of the relationships between the protein content in grain, the grain yield and the "anthesis - ripeness" period were constructed. The “anthesis – ripeness” period in the best accessions lasted 45 - 52 days, and each original hybrid combination had its own optimum, which was associated with a high yield and protein content in grain. Extension of the "anthesis - ripeness" period slightly increased the grain yields of the breeding accessions from some hybrid populations; however, analogous effect on the protein content in grain was insignificant.

Conclusions. A concurrent increase in the grain yield and protein content in grain through traditional selections is possible; however, such parallel enhancement of these traits is more suitable for heterogeneous hybrid populations with low protein contents grain and yields, or with low values of one of these traits (low protein content). For each hybrid population from parents contrasting in vegetation length, it is necessary to develop a specific plan of selections with due account for intra-population correlation-regression models of yield capacity, protein content in grain and “anthesis – ripeness” period length.
Effect of seeding rates on grain yield of a female form in winter rye hybridization plots
Authors: Yehorov D. K. , Tsyganko V.A. , Yehorova N.Yu. , Hlukhova N.A.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. To establish the regularities of the plant stand formation in the female form of modern hybrids depending on seeding rates in winter rye hybridization plots; to prove that an increase in the seeding rate does not lead to an increase in the seed yield and entails an increase in costs for the production of hybrid winter rye seeds; to calculate the economic losses resulted from increased seeding rates due to the purchase of seeds.

Material and Methods. The study was carried out in the experimental field of the Plant Production Institute named after V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS in 2016-2018. In the study, the female form of modern commercial winter rye hybrids (Yurivets, Yupiter) was used; it was sown by solid or wide-row planting, with a seeding rate of 750,000 – 4,000,000 germinable seeds per hectare.

Results and Discussion. The plant density affects the yield and primarily depends on seeding rates.

We determined the level of realization of the plant density by plants of the female form of the winter rye hybrids depending on seeding rates.
Analysis of DSTU 8961:2019 in random oracle model
Authors: Kandiy S.О.
Published: May 2023

The paper provides a proof in the IND-CCA2 random oracle model of the security of the asymmetric encryption scheme described in the DSTU 8961:2019 standard, and the IND-CCA2 security of the corresponding key encapsulation mechanism. Since the standard contains only a technical description of transformations, a formalized mathematical model was introduced in Chapter 4 without unnecessary technical details that do not affect safety assessments. Since the system-wide parameters in the standard were chosen in such a way that the scheme did not contain decryption errors, it was possible to simplify significantly the proof. Section 5 provides a schematic overview of possible attack vectors on the DSTU 8961:2019, but a detailed analysis is the subject of further research. In addition to safety, the analysis also showed that the DSTU 8961:2019 has a certain disadvantage in terms of safety. The design can be significantly simplified and accelerated without loss of safety. Security, on the contrary, can be significantly increased.
Features of the tasks of identifying and observing groups of unmanned letter vehicles
Authors: Kartashov V.М. , Pososhenko V.А. , Kapusta A.I. , Rybnykov M.V. , Pershin E.V.
Published: May 2023

The current trend towards increasing the efficiency of UAV use is the transition from their single use to group use. In accordance with this, when building a complex integrated system for detecting and monitoring UAVs, including various information channels, it is advisable to take into account the features of the system functioning associated with the detection of groups of UAVs.

The article discusses the information, energy and search capabilities of individual detection tools being a part of the integrated UAV surveillance system in order to build an effective algorithm for joint processing of incoming input signals, taking into account various capabilities of individual channels (in terms of range, recognition, etc.).

An optimal algorithm for detecting groups of UAVs in a complex integrated system combining detection decisions made in private channels is synthesized. According to the synthesized algorithm, complex processing consists in summing up the solutions of individual detectors with some weights determined by the quality of the decisions made in the channels. The quality of solutions, in turn, depends on the technical means used in the channels and the conditions of observation.

A sequence for solving a set of interrelated tasks in a complex integrated UAV surveillance system as the group target approaches the protected object is proposed. The sequence includes the following operations: identification of a group target (energy detection); estimation of coordinates of a group of objects; spatial resolution and determination of the number of vehicles in a group; recognition (type determination) of each individual device; assessment of the coordinates of each aircraft separately; determination of the composition of the group (homogeneous, heterogeneous); determination of the specialization of the group and revealing the nature of its tasks.
Applying MATLAB to Radar Systems Modeling
Authors: Svyd I.V. , Sierikov А.О. , Obod I.I.
Published: May 2023

The paper demonstrates the important role of using radar systems in many spheres of human activity to solve complex and important problems of society. The paper examines and analyzes the capabilities of the MATLAB program package applying to the design, modernization and research of radar systems. The analysis performed shows that the MATLAB software package is a powerful tool for modeling, researching and designing radar systems for various purposes. Also, attention is paid to the MATLAB Radar Toolbox, which includes a wide range of available models that can be modified. The Radar Toolbox provides rapid modeling, upgrading and prototyping of standard and upgraded radar systems. Using the MATLAB to research radar systems is impossible without understanding the principles of construction and operation of radar systems. It is also necessary to know the features of using the MATLAB function to describe, present and model structural elements and processes in radar systems. The paper presents the main functionality and possible options for implementing models in the MATLAB for modeling and studying radar systems. The given list of model options is not exhaustive and final and can be expanded and supplemented depending on specific tasks and requirements for implementation.
State of benthic invertebrate communities and water quality in the ponds of Noginsk district of Moscow region
Authors: Lippo I.E. , Tyulin D.Y. , Brigida A.V. , Kitaev I.A.
Published: May 2023

Hydrochemical regime is one of the important factors affecting the species composition and the amount of benthic invertebrate communities in a water body. With heavy metal pollution and high eutrophication, the oligochaete index increases, the species diversity of benthic invertebrate communities decreases, and almost all representatives of the entomofauna disappear, with the exception of chironomids. Pollution with phosphates and ammonium nitrogen has an adverse effect on the development of benthic invertebrate communities. At present, the amount of available scientific data on the influence of hydrochemical factors on the development of benthic invertebrate communities in pond farms seems to be insufficient, the focus is on hydrological factors, and this suggests the relevance of new research in this area. The purpose of this study was to compare hydrochemical and temperature indicators with the quantitative and qualitative composition of benthic invertebrate communities in three ponds of Noginsk district of Moscow region in December 2022 - January 2023. The selection of hydrobiological materials and water samples for hydrochemical analysis was carried out in December 2022 - January 2023 in the ponds of Noginsk district of Moscow region in EPB RRIFF, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution FRC RIAH named after L.K. Ernst. Pond № 1 has an area of 4,48 ha, pond № 2 has an area of 1,7 ha, pond № 3 has an area of 0,61 ha. The studies conducted in December 2022 - January 2023 showed the presence of correlation between water quality (the sum of hydrochemical indicators: concentration of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, phosphates, total iron, general and carbonate hardness, total mineralization, as well as water temperature) and benthic invertebrate communities (qualitative and quantitative) development indicators. The best indicators of benthic invertebrate communities development were observed in the pond with the best water quality (from a fishery point of view), the worst ones were observed in the pond with the worst water quality (zoobenthos was not found in samples from this pond). In total, 6 taxones of benthic invertebrate communities were found in the studied ponds.
Analysis of the prevalence of infectious and immunosuppressive diseases in free-living cats in Moscow and the Moscow region
Authors: Lobanov P.S. , Kletikova L.V.
Published: May 2023

In cats living in urban environments, infectious and immunosuppressive diseases are observed with a similar symptom complex. Comprehensive analysis allows you to identify concomitant diseases that complicate the primary infection. In an experimental study in cats, diseases were diagnosed randomly based on clinical and anamnestic data, hematological and biochemical, immunological blood tests and PCR. All established diseases were conditionally divided into 5 groups: I - co-infections II - respiratory, III - gastroenterological, IV - chronic viral and V - hemoparasitic infections, toxoplasmosis, FIP. Group I included 96 cats with 2 or more viral agents from groups II-IV at the time of primary diagnosis; Group II included 92 animals; Group III - 70 cats; IV group - 16 cats; Group V - 9 animals. It follows from the statistical data that diseases caused by several infectious agents are most often recorded, the second most common are diseases of the respiratory system, and the third are diseases of the digestive system. The main problem of high infection with infectious and immunosuppressive diseases of cats is the crowded content of cat families in one area, with uncontrolled reproduction and spread of infections within a certain area; possible introduction of other strains or viruses through contact with cats from another population; replenishment of the virus population due to mutations during the death of individuals within the range.
Economic evaluation of the effectiveness of therapy for purulent-catarrhal endometritis of cows with drugs of various pharmacological groups
Authors: Nefedova E.V.
Published: May 2023

Ensuring the food independence of the population of Russia, reducing the consumption of imported food products is one of the priority tasks of our economy. Achieving this goal is impossible without a comprehensive solution of many important issues of conservation and development of animal husbandry, a significant increase in the productivity of various animal species. Prosperous development is hindered by obstetric and gynecological diseases, which cause significant economic damage due to a decrease in milk productivity and reproductive potential, and premature culling of cows. A predisposing factor in the development of the inflammatory process is the weakening of the body's resistance as a result of inadequate feeding, lack of exercise, keeping animals in rooms where the main parameters of the microclimate are violated. The use of the preparation containing silver nanoparticles argovit allows to reduce the duration of treatment in the absence of damage from the rejection of milk after therapy. The study was carried out in order to study the cost-effectiveness of the treatment of mastitis in cows with drugs of various pharmacological groups. Animals were divided into experimental and control groups according to the principle of analogues. During the treatment of purulent-catarrhal endometritis of cows, the experimental group was injected intrauterine with the drug argovit in the form of a 10% aqueous solution at a dose of 100 ml 1 time in 48 hours and uteroton intramuscularly 10 ml once every 48 hours. The control group was administered intrauterine metrobiotic 1 tablet 1 time in 24 hours and uteroton intramuscularly at a dose of 10 ml, once 1 time in 48 hours. The results of the research established a high economic efficiency of veterinary measures per 1 rub. costs in the treatment of purulent catarrhal endometritis of cows with Argovit (16.2 rub).
Chemical contamination of feed, containing animal raw materials
Authors: Savenkov K.A. , Makarov D.A. , Lavrukhina O.I. , Tretyakov A.V.
Published: May 2023

Raw feed materials of animal origin intended to produce feed for livestock and “companion animals may contain undesired chemical substances able to be carried-“over in the final produce: toxic elements and veterinary drug residues “(antimicrobials, coccidiostats, antiprotozoal and sedative drugs). The carry-over of “contaminant from raw materials to ready feed is determined by it’s structure and “chemical properties, resistance to environmental conditions and processing. “Elevated levels of toxic elements in the environment are often a result of industrial “and agricultural activities (e.g. use pesticides containing toxic elements, use of “manure as fertilizers and industrial wastewaters), however in some cases “contamination may have natural geological sources. Organic forms of cadmium “and mercury may be more toxic than their inorganic forms due to higher biological “activity. Rise of anthropogenic load leads to t elevated levels of raw feed materials “contamination and susbsequently of feed contamination, posing the risk to animal “health. Literature analysis showed that monitoring of cadmium, lead, mercury and “arsenic should be focused at raw feed materials of mineral and marine origin, “especially at the fishmeal, which contains large amounts of arsenic. The main “source of companion animals feed contamination by antimicrobials are raw “materials, and for livestock cross-contamination is an important factor. Control of “cross-contamination is possible only if good manufacturing practices are applied.“
Clinical and sonographic changes in the uterus of repeatedly over -walking cows with subclinical endometritis
Authors: Avdeenko V. S. , Slesarenko N.A. , Nikitin G. S. , Loshchinin S.O. , Belyakova A. P. , Shirokova E.O.
Published: May 2023

The research was carried out at a modern high-tech dairy enterprise using robotic milking (GEA DairyProQ JV "Donskoye" of the Volgograd region with the productivity of cows over 15,000 kg for 305 days of lactation. Rectal palpation of the uterus in cows with subclinical endometritis showed the presence of a pronounced cavity, which was 2.78 times higher than that in clinically healthy animals of the same study period, and the thickness of the uterine wall in subclinical endometritis averaged 9.23± 0.21 mm, which was 1.41 times higher than similar data in healthy animals. According to sonography data, the endometrium acquired an echoneodnomogeneous structure, which is caused by the ongoing inflammatory process. Dilated blood vessels are visualized in the myometrium. The revealed zone of reduced density at the border of the muscular and mucous layers is characterized by hyperechogenicity, which indicates signs of developing edema. The study of the perimeter revealed no structural changes. The detailed sonographic signs of subclinical endometritis in repeatedly overworking highly productive cows showed that the endometrial condition did not correspond to normal echographic criteria in more than half of cases in sick cows during estrus. The presence of variable in shape and size areas of increased echogenicity in the horns of the uterus of the M-echo during the hunting period is noted. Hyperechogenic formations in the basal layer of the endometrium were found in every fifth sick cow with signs of subclinical endometritis who repeatedly overdo it, and in every second, with the manifestation of hunting, a clinically healthy animal. The endometrial echostructure was found to be inconsistent with the stage of sexual cycle arousal in cows with subclinical endometritis in comparison with repeatedly over-walking animals without symptoms of uterine pathology. When comparing the obtained linear parameters of the uterus by rectal palpation of its anatomical structures with the parameters of the sonographic data, their correspondence was noted in both study groups. Ultrasound diagnostics provides an objective assessment of the state of the uterus and allows you to differentiate the nature of the pathological process.
Strategy of PCR-RFLP genotyping of BLV and its correspondence to phylogenetic classification
Authors: Vafin R.R. , Gilmanov Kh.Kh. , Shastin P.N. , Savinov V.A. , Lopunov S.V. , Gulyukin A.M.
Published: May 2023

The current classification of Bovine leukemia virus includes 12 genotypes that can be identified by phylogenetic analysis of sequenced nucleotide sequences of the BLV env gene locus, as well as by updated PCR-RFLP genotyping strategies. The purpose of this study was to systematize knowledge about the genetic diversity of Bovine leukemia virus with typing of BLV isolates using the previously developed PCR-RFLP genotyping strategy and assess its consistency with the phylogenetic classification of the studied viral pathogen. The study was carried out in the laboratory of leukemia of the FSBSI FSC VIEV RAS. A bioinformatic search in GenBank NCBI indicates the deposition of nucleotide sequences of the env gene locus from at least 1110 BLV isolates, the genotypic affiliation of which was established by alignment of the analyzed DNA and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. Interpretation of calculated PCR-RFLP profiles of 1110 BLV isolates generated by restriction mapping of the env gene locus for 5 restriction endonucleases (PvuII, SspI, HphI (AsuHPI isoschizomer), HaeIII, and BstYI (BstX2I isoschizomer)) led to an extension of the previously updated genotyping strategy ten new combinations of PCR-RFLP profiles. At the same time, 4 out of 10 new and 2 out of 58 previously described combinations of PCR-RFLP profiles no longer had a genotype-associated status. Thus, the total proportion of genotype-associated combinations of PCR-RFLP profiles was 91.2%, and the proportion of isolates identified by the proposed genotyping strategy with predominantly deposited sequences of the BLV env gene locus in GenBank NCBI was 90,3%. The addition of the previously developed PCR-RFLP genotyping strategy for BLV with two new restriction endonucleases DdeI (BstDEI isoschizomer) and HpyCH4III (Bst4CI isoschizomer) opens the prospect for its full consistency with the phylogenetic classification, which is dynamically developing due to new knowledge about the genetic diversity of Bovine leukemia virus. Additionally, it should be noted that the nucleotide sequences of the env gene locus of 68 of the listed type isolates of 12 known BLV genotypes can be considered as reference in the phylogenetic analysis of the genetic diversity of the representatives of the studied viral pathogen in terms of their genotypic affiliation.
Epizootological situation on particular helminthosis of the carnivores (Canidae) - Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) in the territory of Arctic Yakutia
Authors: Kokolova L.M. , Sleptsov E.S. , Gavrilieva L.Y.
Published: May 2023

In this article, the authors present the results of a helminthological study of the Vulpes lagopus in the Arctic territory of Yakutia. On the territory of Yakutia, three species of representatives of the Canidae family live in a wild state - the wolf, the red fox and the Arctic fox. Representatives of the Canidae family are among the most important commercial animals whose fur is highly valued. Over the last decade, the number of fur-bearing animals in the tundra zone of Yakutia has increased significantly. As the authors point out, monitoring of the epizootic situation for especially dangerous Helminthiasis is an integral part of a set of measures to preserve the health of animals and the population in the Arctic zone. The objects of the study are Arctic foxes. Materials for the study were brought from December to March in 2020 from 26, 2021 - 36, 2022 - 162, 2023 - 121 Arctic foxes, carcasses, internal organs and tissues. According to the results of helminthological studies, the composition of helminths was represented by 16 species. The main components of the helminth fauna, in terms of frequency of occurrence and very high rates of invasion intensity, are: the cestode Alveococcus multilocularis, found in 98.1% of the studied Arctic foxes, up to 18,000 ind. of mature Alveococcus in one animal, the nematode Toxascaris leonine occurs in 92.1%, on average up to 34.8±1.6 ind. for one Arctic fox. Also, it was found that the infection of arctic foxes with larvae of Trichinella spiralis is 3%, high intensity of invasion, the cestode Diphyllobothrium latum were infected with up to 5.5% of the examined, on average, 3.5 sp. for one Arctic fox.
Cytotoxic effect of silver and oxide graphene nanoparticles on aberrant forms of Escherichia coli
Authors: Korochkin R.B. , Krasochko P.A. , Ponaskov M.A.
Published: May 2023

The acquisition of aberrant morphological variations by microorganisms can serve as a phenotypic manifestation of antibiotic resistance, which results from ad-aptation to growth in a potentially toxic environment. Therefore, morphogenesis should be considered as an adaptive process that makes a great contribution to the ubiquity and universality of prokaryotes. The aim of the research was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of silver and oxidized graphene nanoparticles on pheno-typically aberrant forms of Escherichia coli. As a result of research, it was found that the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles is significantly higher compared to that of oxidized graphene nanoparticles on pleomorphic varieties of Escherichia coli, as the minimum inhibitory concentration of silver nanoparticles is lower (13.1 µg/ml) than that of oxidized graphene nanoparticles (75.3-94.9 µg/ml). The mor-phological variance of E. coli correlated with the acquisition of antibiotic resistance by the bacterium, but was not accompanied by a simultaneous increase in resistance to the nanoparticles. According to the results of atomic force microscopy, the toxic effect of oxidized graphene nanoparticles at supratoxic concentrations on aberrant forms of E. coli did not differ from that on canonical forms of the bacterium and was expressed in the destruction of the bacterial population and filling the intercel-lular space with biomass of degraded bacterial cells.
Peculiarities of the use of enteral nutrition in patients with severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Kolosovуch I. V. , Hanol I. V.
Published: May 2023

In the general structure of the disease, severe acute pancreatitis occurs in 20% of cases, requires treatment in the intensive care unit, and is accompanied by a high risk of complications (up to 50%) and death (40—70%). In turn, early use of enteral nutrition in patients with severe acute pancreatitis significantly improves the condition of the intestinal wall and the course of the disease as a whole, reducing the number of complications and mortality.
Objective — to determine the timeframe for the restoration of intestinal absorptive function as one of the main criteria for the start of enteral nutrition in patients with severe acute pancreatitis and to improve the results of comprehensive treatment of patients by preventing its complications.
Materials and methods. The results of the evaluation and treatment of 67 patients with severe acute pancreatitis served as the basis for the study. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the specifics of the selected treatment strategies: a comparison group of 33 patients receiving standard enteral nutrition and a main group of 34 patients receiving standard enteral nutrition with the inclusion of antiflatulants in the mixture. Before the start of tube feeding, a test using unmetabolized disaccharides (lactulose/mannitol) and a sample containing a 3% potassium iodide solution was conducted to determine the timeframe for the restoration of intestinal absorptive function.
Results. Іn 70.6% of patients in the main group and 69.7% of patients in the comparison group, the restoration of intestinal absorptive function was registered only after 48 hours from the beginning of treatment. After 7 and 14 days of enteral nutrition, a significant difference was obtained between total protein, albumin, cholesterol and serum K+ (p<0.05). Аfter 7 days of treatment, there was a significantly lower incidence of intestinal complications in patients of the main group by 21.5% (χ2=4.88, 95% CI 2.3—39.5, p=0.03).
Conclusions. The method, which uses a 3% potassium iodide solution, is quick and informative for determining the restoration of intestinal absorptive function in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. The inclusion of antiflatulants in the composition for enteral nutrition improved the laboratory parameters of blood serum and reduced the incidence of intestinal complications by 7 days and the duration of multiorgan failure from 11.5±1.8 days to 10.5±1.9 days (p=0.04).
Evaluation of the efficacy of inulin application in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation
Authors: Dorofeev A. E. , Tkach S. M. , Zhigal Y. V. , Kyrian O. A. , Gurkalo Y. Z.
Published: May 2023

Objective — to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Inulin‑Neo 5 in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation and to analyze the effects of treatment on the patients’ gut microbiome.
Materials and methods. Observations involved 75 patients with irritable bowel syndrome and constipation (IBS‑C) aged 23 to 54 years. There were 32 men and 46 women. For the period of the study, all patients kept a diary where they recorded the stool frequency, abdominal pain severity (AP), the degree of flatulence and general well‑being. Patients evaluated AB on a visual analog scale before treatment, on the 14th day of therapy and after the end of the course of drugs administration. To diagnose the state of the gut microbiota, the presence of bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO) was determined using a hydrogen breath test with lactulose load. Changes in the main bacterial enterotypes were analyzed in 60 patients by qRT‑PCR using primers targeted at 16S rRNA. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, butyrate‑producing bacteria Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Akkermansia muciniphila and methanogenic archaea Methanobrevibacter smithii were studied. After randomization, 30 IBS‑C patients received monotherapy with Inulin‑Neo 5 in a dose of 12.0 g/day for 4 weeks, and 45 patients took laxatives. Patients in both groups could take antispasmodics as needed.
Results. In case of Inulin‑Neo 5 administration by patients with IBS‑C, the abdominal pain decreased, stool frequency normalized, and the intensity of flatulence decreased. The clinical effects of Inulin‑Neo 5 were stipulated by its prebiotic properties and the positive impact of the gut microbiome. After the course of therapy with Inulin‑Neo 5, patients with IBS‑C demonstrated the reduction in the frequency of SIBO detection and intensity, the raise in levels of Bacteroidetes and regulatory butyrate‑producing bacteria Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia muciniphila with a decrease in the levels of Firmicutes and methanogenic flora Methanobrevibacter smithii.
Conclusions. Inulin‑Neo 5 demonstrated efficacy and safety in the treatment of patients with IBS‑C. With its use, stools returned to normal in patients, promoting the decrease in abdominal pain and flatulence; clinical efficacy was combined with positive effects on the intestinal microflora.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease in conditions of chronic stress. Review with own observation
Authors: Mosiychuk L. M.
Published: May 2023

It is known that 20 to 42% of patients receiving a proton pump inhibitor for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease do not respond satisfactorily to it. This condition is called refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease. To achieve a therapeutic effect, it is advised to use H2‑receptor antagonists, alginates, baclofen or antidepressant therapy in complex treatment. Recent years, solutions containing sodium alginate have been widely used. These drugs reduce the severity and frequency of heartburn when used postprandially as adjunctive therapy to proton pump inhibitors in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. The alginates, available in the US and European markets, differ, with the latter containing higher concentrations of alginate, possibly contributing to higher efficiency. This is supported by some researchers reporting rapid efficacy for both postprandial and nocturnal symptoms in patients with refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease. Given the absence of significant side effects, it is advised to use alginates as an addition to proton pump inhibitors, taking into account the availability, as well as the preferences of the doctor and patient.
The article presents modern scientific data on a widespread Gastroenterological disease — GERD in the context of the impact of stress factor on its course. The analysis was performed of the recent investigations, aimed at the study of the mechanisms of traumatic effect of psychosocial and psychoemotional stress on the functional activity of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The results of the study of the role of anxiety‑phobic and depressive disorders because of prolonged exposure to stressors were analyzed. The author presented data of his own research, which clearly demonstrated a significant increase of frequency and level of anxiety and depression under wartime stress. It has been established that combination of gastroesophageal reflux disease with anxiety and depression exacerbates the clinical manifestations of the disease and reduces the effectiveness of treatment, which requires an individual approach to the choice of therapeutic measures. It is advisable to use antacids and alginic acid preparations, as well as methods of psychological correction, along with proton pump inhibitors or instead of them.
APPLICATION OF INDONESIAN RULES IN THE REGULATION OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
Authors: Aminulloh Muhamad , Astriani Anjar
Published: May 2023

In making legal products, the use of written language that is in accordance with the Indonesian Standard Rules and General Guidelines for Indonesian Spelling requires accuracy in the framework of conformity in sentences contained in laws and regulations. This is done so that there is no misinterpretation of the message contained in the legal product. The phenomenon that occurs is that many legal experts in making legal products such as regulations, legislation, contracts, agreements, MoUs, and the like do not heed or even underestimate the rules in the Indonesian language. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, while the type of research used is content analysis, which means a model used to examine data documentation in the form of text, images, symbols, and so on. In making legal products, using written language that is in accordance with the "Indonesian Standard Rules of Procedure" and "General Guidelines for Indonesian Spelling" will minimize or even eliminate the risk of misinterpretation of the messages contained in these legal products in Indonesian in legislation in basically it is no different from other Indonesian languages, the difference lies only in terminology or the use of certain terms.