bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Legal Protection of the Digital Platform Workers in Indonesia: Lesson Learnd From Germany and the United Kingdom
Authors: Aminuddin Nur Afifah , Kusumawati Erna Dyah
Published: November 2023

This study analyzes labor law arrangements in Indonesia, Germany and United Kingdom, mainly how several countries protect digital platform workers. Furthermore, this research evaluates the implementation of such a law to advance labor law in Indonesia in protecting digital platforms workers. This research used normative legal analysis, employing a statutory, conceptual, and comparative approach with Germany and the United Kingdom. The results indicate that the dynamics of new employment status or partnership working relationships and workers’ flexibility in the gig economy phenomenon are not only found in Indonesia. Several countries, for example, Germany and United Kingdom, have found strategies to tackle this phenomenon. The government can address the above employment problems in two approaches: via court decisions and amending or revising relevant legislation. Classifying the status of employment relationships in this new phenomenon is crucial for implementation in Indonesia. In the future, such classification can be used as a reference in developing Indonesian Labor Law. The government should consider the necessary substantive protections for workers, from flexible working arrangements to creating new standards more responsive to the structure of growing organizations and the emergence of algorithmic management.
Film Samsara: Representasi Alternatif Kritik Sosial dalam Wacana Modernitas
Authors: Pramudika Aldira Dhiyas
Published: November 2023

The aim of this research is to portray the function of documentary film as social criticism in modernity discourse. This research scrutinizes the poetic documentary film Samsara as the primary source of the study. The method used in this research is qualitative: the descriptive analysis through Michael Rabiger's documentary function theory. The label of 'alternative documentary' attached to poetic documentary film also becomes a focus of this study, especially the linkages of the delivery efficiency of the social issues. The result of this research reveals that image fragments represent the social issues in modernity discourse as follows: (1) Criminality, (2) Population, (3) Poverty, (4) Prostitution, and (5) Environment.
Estudos sociolinguísticos sobre contato dialetal
Authors: Oushiro Livia , Silveira Gustavo de Campos Pinheiro da , Souza Emerson Santos de , Ferraz Leonardo , Massuci Iris , Zhu Rhuizi , Barbosa Sarah Poli , Oliveira Almir Almeida de , Figuereido Joana Gomes dos Santos
Published: November 2023

A fala de migrantes em situação de contato dialetal tem sido preterida em estudos sociolinguísticos de vertente variacionista, que costumam privilegiar a fala de pessoas nascidas e criadas localmente. Tendo em vista a mobilidade populacional e a realidade sociodemográfica de muitas comunidades brasileiras, este artigo tem o duplo objetivo de (i) apresentar pesquisas realizadas pelo Laboratório VARIEM (UNICAMP) sobre a fala de migrantes nordestinos residentes no estado de São Paulo, as quais, em conjunto, já permitem traçar algumas generalizações sobre o papel das variáveis Gênero, Idade de Migração e Tempo de Residência nos processos de variação e mudança na fala de migrantes; e (ii) mapear lacunas e questões pendentes, a fim de delinear uma agenda de pesquisa para os estudos sociolinguísticos sobre contato dialetal. Argumenta-se que se faz necessária a análise da fala de migrantes, da mobilidade sociodemográfica e do contato dialetal para um quadro mais completo da Teoria da Variação e da Mudança (Weinreich et al, 2006 [1968]) e que, não obstantes os desafios que circundam o tema, a metodologia de análise variacionista se mostra particularmente adequada para a observação dos complexos padrões de variação na fala de migrantes.
Qualidade microbiológica e quantificação de sulfitos em camarões apreendidos pela Receita Federal por descaminho da Argentina em 2022
Authors: Correa Ana Paula , Machado Cintia , Lima Kely Priscila de
Published: November 2023

Introdução: A 15ª Companhia de Engenharia e Combate Mecanizado do Exército Brasileiro recebeu da Receita Federal um lote de camarões da espécie Farfantepenaeus subtilis, apreendido por descaminho próximo à divisa com a Argentina. Em casos assim, existe a possibilidade de destinar os itens alimentícios aos programas de segurança alimentar e nutricional. No entanto, é crucial que atendam aos requisitos microbiológicos estipulados pela legislação vigente. Além disso, é importante mencionar que é frequente o uso de sulfitos como agente conservante para camarões. Entretanto, o consumo excessivo dele pode resultar em problemas à saúde. Objetivo: Analisar a qualidade microbiológica e a utilização de sulfitos como conservante em camarões do tipo camarão-rosa (Farfantepenaeus subtilis), apreendidos pela Receita Federal por descaminho, próximo à fronteira entre Brasil e Argentina, em 2022. Metodologia: Utilizou-se a técnica NMP para contagem de coliformes totais e termotolerantes e posterior confirmação de Escherichia coli. Contagem de Staphylococcus aureus realizada em ágar Baird-Parker e confirmação por coagulase. Para Salmonella spp. foi realizado plaqueamento em meios seletivos e confirmação em Meio Rugai com Lisina®. Sulfitos foram quantificados pelo kit de sulfitos Merck®. Resultados e discussão: O valor encontrado para coliformes totais foi 1,5.101 NMP/g e para termotolerantes <3,0 NMP/g. A contagem de Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella spp. apresentou-se adequada, contudo, a quantidade de conservantes do tipo sulfitos foi de 123 mg/kg, ou seja, acima do preconizado pela legislação brasileira e Argentina, podendo estar associado à baixa contagem microbiológica, já que tem ação contra tais microrganismos.
TEORI SISTEM SEBAGAI FILOSOFI DAN METODOLOGI ANALISIS HUKUM ISLAM YANG BERORIENTASI MAQASHID AL- SYARIâ€™AH (Telaah atas Pemikiran Jasser Auda)
Authors: Rofiah Khusniati
Published: November 2023

Adanya penyalah gunaan dalam penerapan hukum Islam saat ini, diantaranya; masih bersifat reduksionis dari yang seharusnya holistik, menjadi sangat literal dari yang seharusnya bermoral, menggunakan satu pendekatan dari yang seharusnya multi pendekatan, meyakini dua nilai dari yang seharusnya multi value, dekonstruksi dari yang seharusnya rekonstruksi dan lain sebagainya, telah mendorong Jasser Auda melakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan multi disipliner dengan menggabungkan konsep-konsep yang relevan, yakni maqashid al-syariah beserta konsep-konsep ushul fiqih yang bertalian dengannya dengan menggunakan pendekatan teori sistem yang diambil dari ilmu pengetahuan Alam (sains.). Shifting paradigm dari sistem berfikir berdasar â€˜lllah (sebab) ke â€œMaqasidâ€ (tujuan). dalam hal ini, sistem adalah rangkaian unit-unit, bagian-bagian atau elemen-elemen dari berbagai â€˜fungsiâ€™ yang berbeda-beda tata kerjanya, yang kemudian membentuk satu kesatuan kerja yang terintegrasi secara utuh-menyeluruh. Maqasid al-Syariâ€™ah perlu memperhatikan dan memenuhi 6 (enam) elemen yang saling terkait: Cognitive, Wholeness, Openness, Interrelatedness, Multidimensionality dan purposefulness. Pendekatan System Analysis membantu pikiran manusia mengatur dunia nya (mengorganisir fakta dan pola pikir). dengan pendekatan system ini, Auda menawarkan formula ushul fikih baru yang mengacu pada â€œmaqasid al-Ammahâ€ untuk mewujudkan penerapan hukum Islam yang lebih kongkrit dan dinamisyang menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai kesetaraan, kemaslahatan, keadilan, keseimbangan dan kebaikan.
FACTOR PREDISPOSING PLAN OF MARRIAGE AMONG YOUTH
Authors: Angraini Wulan , Amrullah Hilma , Febriawati Henni , Yanuarti Riska
Published: November 2023

The Government of Indonesia through the National Population and Family Planning Board has established the programme to raise the age of first marriage. Based on the Performance and Accountability Program Survey/Survei Kinerja dan Akuntabilitas Program(SKAP) in 2019, there were 33% of teenagers in Indonesia did not know when to get married. The 2017 IDHS data shows 12,9% that women in Bengkulu have given birth and are pregnant with their first child aged 15-19 years. The cross-sectional study design used secondary data from the 2019 SKAP. Samples of this study were 341 teenager in Bengkulu Province. The instrument was instrument used in SKAP 2019, namely questionnaire for adolescents, families and women of childbearing age which consist of plan of age at first marriage. Analysis data univariable, analysis bivariable chi-square, and analysis multivariable logistic regression. The results showed that the majority of adolescents in Bengkulu Province (71.6%) had plans to marry at the age of 21 for girls and 25 for boys. The predisposing factors related to plan of age at first marriage are adolescent age, adolescent education, adolescent knowledge (Family Development, Family Planning, Adolescent Reproductive Health, Center for Information and Counseling-Adolescent Reproductive Health (PIK-KRR), family planning methods, the Planning Generation (GenRe) Program, impact of Early Marriage), Family Function Practice, Adolescent Attitudes (age of marriage, desire to have children), dating experience and sexual behavior. The most influential factor in the planning of the age at marriage among adolescents in Bengkulu Province is knowledge of reproductive health.
POPULATION GROWTH IN BATAM MUNICIPALITY AS THE FRONTIER AND OUTERMOST REGION AT THE BORDER BETWEEN INDONESIA-SINGAPORE-MALAYSIA
Authors: Hutasoit Imelda
Published: November 2023

The systematic and accurate data on population has become pivotal point to overview the development of population in particular region, so that it required to a conduct a study to explore the description of the population growth rate, the factors causing the high population growth rate, and the impact of the high population growth rate in Batam Municipality. This study was exploratory research with a qualitative approach to analyze the population phenomenon in Batam Municipality. Data were collected using observation, interview, documentation, and audio-visual material collection. Informants were determined by purposive sampling and snowball techniques. This study used the Spradley analysis model with four stages of analysis, such as domain, taxonomic, components, and cultural themes. The results showed that the population growth rate increased from 1980 to 2012, but began to decline since the decline in economic growth in 2013 which indicated that the population growth rate in Batam Municipality followed the pattern of economic growth. The high rate of population growth was due to the high number of in-migration (65%) and high birth rates (35%), because most migrants were in productive age. The high rate of population growth in Batam Municipality had caused various population problems, such as citizenship status, citizenship administration services, illegal housing, traffic congestion, clean water crisis, waste accumulation, potential loss of local ethnic values, potential ethnic conflict, and potential increased of crime rate in Batam Municipality.
MODERN CONTRACEPTIVE USE AMONG URBAN AND RURAL YOUNG MARRIED WOMEN IN INDONESIA
Authors: Kistiana Sari , Baskoro Andhika Ajie
Published: November 2023

Family planning is generally recognized as a crucial key in reducing maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to explore whether the predictors of modern contraceptive use among young married women differ by place of residence. The data were drawn from the 2019 Indonesia Population, Family Planning, and Family Development Program Performance and Accountability Survey. This study restricted the sample of non-pregnant married women aged 15-24, resulting in a sample of 3,927 young married women. Logistic regression with the place of residence variable used as an interaction term to model the association between selected social, economic, and demographic variables and the outcome variable, modern contraceptive use for each group of women. The number of living children and region exhibited significant variability in contraceptive use among urban and rural young married women. Urban young married women with 1-2 children had higher odds (OR = 27.10; p = 0.000) of using contraceptives compared to rural ones (OR = 15.60; p = 0.000) in regard to number of living children. Rural women residing other islands (non-Java Bali) were less affected (OR = 0.59; p = 0.000) than urban young married women in accessing modern contraceptives (OR = 0.64; p = 0.002). Disseminating information, education, and communication about the health risk of having more than two children would improve the use of modern contraceptives. Family planning policies should also be tailored to address the specific needs of different places of residence with geographical regions.
FACTORS CAUSING THE RISK OF HYPERTENSIVE PREGNANT WOMEN MORTALITY: SOLVING COMPLICATIONS, HEALTH SERVICES, AND ECONOMIC STATUS
Authors: Atikasari Fitri , Hendrati Lucia Yovieta
Published: November 2023

The mortality of hypertensive pregnant women was a complication of obstetrics or pregnancy. It was caused by several factors such as low health services and economic status. This study was purposed to analyze the relationship between the mortality of hypertensive pregnant women and its factors. In addition, this study evaluated the mortality of pregnant women in 38 districts/cities in East Java. The Pearson correlation test was used in this study to analyze the secondary data from 2019-2021 East Java Health Profile and Central Bureau of Statistics report. Furthermore, data processing analysis was conducted by using the Health Mapper and SPSS applications. It was found that there was a relationship between the coverage of solving obstetric complications and the mortality of hypertensive pregnant women in 2021 (p<0.001), there was a relationship between the coverage of health services for pregnant women (K4) and the mortality of hypertensive pregnant women in 2021 (p<0.001), and there was a relationship between the number of poor people with hypertensive maternal deaths in 2021 (p<0.001). Besides, the coverage of obstetric complications solving, coverage of health services for pregnant women (K4), and number of poor people were related to the mortality of hypertensive pregnant women. There was a need for an intervention program of activities which must be carried out by paying more attention to the health of pregnant women, especially for people with hypertension.
A Solution of The Collatz Conjecture Problem
Authors: Duan Baoyuan
Published: November 2023

Build a special identical equation, use its calculation characters to prove and search for solution of any odd converging to 1 equation through (*3+1)/2^k operation, change the operation to (*3+2^m-1)/2^k, get a solution for this equation. Furthermore, analysis the sequences produced by iteration calculation during the procedure of searching for solution, build a weight function model, prove it monotonically decreases, build a complement weight function model, prove it has many chances to increase to its convergence state. Build a (*3+2^m-1)/2^k odd tree, prove if odd in (*3+2^m-1)/2^k long huge odd sequence can not converge, the sequence must walk out of the boundary of the tree after infinite steps of (*3+2^m-1)/2^k operation.
Pseudomonas fluorescens with Nitrogen‐Fixing Function Facilitates Nitrogen Recovery in Reclaimed Soils of Coal Mining Areas
Authors: Wu Xin , Wang Xiangying , Meng Huisheng , Zhang Jie , Hong Jianping
Published: November 2023

Coal mining has caused a significant loss of nitrogen content of soil in mining areas. This article studies the effects of organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, and combined application of Pseudomonas fluorescens with the ability of nitrogen fixation on soil nitrogen accumulation and composition in the reclamation area of Tunlan Coal Mine from 2016 to 2022 under the condition of equal nitrogen application, providing scientific basis for microbial fertilization and rapid increase of nitrogen content in the reclaimed soil of mining areas. The results showed that as the reclamation time increased, the nitrogen content and its composition structure of the soil treated with fertilization rapidly evolved towards normal farmland soil. The soil nitrogen content increased the fastest in the treatment of Pseudomonas fluorescens + organic fertilizer (MB), compared with inorganic fertilizer (CF), organic fertilizer (M), and Pseudomonas fluorescens + inorganic fertilizer (CFB) treatments, the treatment of Pseudomonas fluorescens + organic fertilizer (MB) can bring the total nitrogen (TN) content of the soil to normal farmland soil levels 1-3 years earlier. The comprehensive scores of Pseudomonas fluorescens + organic fertilizer (MB) and Pseudomonas fluorescens + inorganic fertilizer (CFB) on the two principal components were increased 1.58 and 0.79 than those of organic fertilizer (M) and inorganic fertilizer (CF) treatments, respectively. This further indicates that the combination of Pseudomonas fluorescens and organic fertilizer has a better effect on improving soil nitrogen accumulation than the combination of Pseudomonas fluorescens and inorganic fertilizer. At the same time, the application of Pseudomonas fluorescens will increase the content of unknown nitrogen (UN) in acid-hydrolysable nitrogen (AHN), and decrease the content of amino acid nitrogen (AAN) and ammonia nitrogen (AN), relatively. However, there was no significant effect on the content of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) in soil inorganic nitrogen (SMN). When combined with inorganic fertilizer, the contribution of soil mineralized nitrogen (SMN) to total nitrogen (TN) increased by 14.78%, while when combined with organic fertilizer, the contribution of acid-hydrolysable nitrogen (AHN) to total nitrogen (TN) increased by 44.77%. In summary, the use of Pseudomonas fluorescens is beneficial for nitrogen recovery in the reclaimed soil of coal mining areas. The optimal fertilization method under the experimental conditions is the combination of Pseudomonas fluorescens and organic fertilizer.
S-LIGHT: Synthetic Dataset for the Separation of Diffuse and Specular Reflection Images
Authors: Jo Sangho , Jang Ohtae , Bhattacharyya Chaitali , Kim Minjun , Lee Taeseok , Jang Yewon , Song Haekang , Kwon Hyeokmin , Do Saebyeol , Kim Sungho
Published: November 2023

Several studies in computer vision have examined specular removal, which is crucial for object detection and recognition. This research has traditionally been divided into two tasks: specular highlight removal, which focuses on removing specular highlights on object surfaces, and reflection removal, which deals with specular reflections occurring on glass surfaces. In reality, however, both types of specular effects often coexist, making it a fundamental challenge that has not been adequately addressed. Recognizing the necessity of integrating specular components handled in both tasks, we constructed a Specular-Light (S-Light) DB for training single-image-based deep learning models. Moreover, considering the absence of benchmark datasets for quantitative evaluation, the Multi-Scale Normalized Cross Correlation (MS-NCC) metric, which considers the correlation between specular and diffuse components, was introduced to assess the learning outcomes.
Evaluation of Urinary L‐FABP as a Tubular Damage Marker in Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder
Authors: Bagińska Joanna , Kirejczyk Jan Krzysztof , Korzeniecka-Kozerska Agata
Published: November 2023

The article aims to find potential biomarker for the detection of tubular damage in pediatric neurogenic bladder (NB) by investigating urinary levels of liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (uL-FABP). This prospective analysis was conducted on two groups: 42 children with NB and 18 healthy children. The uL-FABP concentrations were measured using ELISA methods. The children’s medical charts were analyzed to determine age, sex, anthropometric measurements, activity assessment using Hoffer’s scale and renal function parameters. The results revealed that the uL-FABP/creatinine ratio was higher in the studied group compared with the reference group. A significant positive correlation between uL-FABP and proteinuria was found. Children with a history of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) tended to have elevated uL-FABP. In conclusion, uL-FABP may be considered a potential tubular damage biomarker in children with NB. Proteinuria and history of VUR may be the factors influencing uL-FABP.
Structural Analysis and Activity Correlation of Amphiphilic Cyclic Antimicrobial Peptides Derived From the [W4R4] Scaffold
Authors: El-Mowafi Shaima A. , Konshina Anastasia G , Mohammed Eman H. M. , Krylov Nikolai , Efremov Roman G , Parang Keykavous
Published: November 2023

In our previous work, we demonstrated the potential of the amphiphilic cyclic peptide [W4R4] as a promising antimicrobial agent. The extensive data accumulated on the antimicrobial activity of this peptide and its homologs presented an opportunity to unravel the molecular mechanisms governing their action and establish crucial structure-activity relationships (SAR). To achieve this, we employed a comprehensive approach involving peptide synthesis, in vitro biological testing, and molecular modeling to systematically analyze the SAR of a series of cyclic peptides derived from the [W4R4] scaffold. Minimal modifications were introduced to the original peptide by incorporating either one aromatic hydrophobic residue (W) or one polar positively charged residue (R) while maintaining the sequential W/R arrangement. Additionally, we introduced an "intermediate" substitution by incorporating 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP), possessing both aromatic and polar properties, into the macrocycle [W4R4] between the W and R residues. Notably, this study marked the first synthesis and evaluation of the [W4R4(DKP)] peptide. Structural, dynamic, hydrophobic, and membrane-binding properties of four cyclic peptides ([W4R4], [W5R4], [W4R5], [W4R4(DKP)]) were explored using molecular dynamics simulations within a DOPC/DOPG lipid bilayer that mimics the bacterial membrane. The results obtained revealed distinct SAR profiles for all peptides, enabling the establishment of correlations between their antimicrobial activity and structural/dynamic parameters. These parameters included the degree of conformational plasticity, the depth of immersion into the bi-layer, and the population of the membrane binding mode characterized by the embedding of the hydrophobic peptide pattern into the acyl chain region of lipids. In particular, the peptide [W4R5] exhibited an optimal "activity/binding to the bacterial membrane" pattern. This work highlights the significance of our multidisciplinary approach in efficiently deciphering finely regulated SAR profiles for a series of homologous peptides with diverse activities. Furthermore, this research provides a solid foundation for the rational design of novel antimicrobial peptides.
Radioisotopic U-pb Dating of the Kolchugino Group Basement (Kuznetsk Coal Basin, Siberia): Was the Change of Early-Middle Permian Floras Simultaneous at Different Latitudes in Angaraland?
Authors: Silantiev Vladimir Vladimirovich , Gutak Yaroslav Mikhailovich , Tichomirowa Marion , Käßner Alexandra , Kutygin Ruslan Vladimirovich , Porokhovnichenko Lyubov Georgievna , Karasev Eugeny Vladimirovich , Felker Anastasia Sergeevna , Bakaev Aleksandr Sergeevich , Naumcheva Maria Alekseevna , Urazaeva Milyausha Nazimovna , Zharinova Veronika Vladimirovna
Published: November 2023

The Kuznetsk Basin (Kuzbass) is one of the largest coal basins in Siberia and a reference area for the ancient Angaraland continent. The proximity of the Kuzbass and Siberian platform caused their biotic similarities in the Late Palaeozoic. However, due to biota endemism, the Kuzbass Upper Palaeozoic does not correlate directly with the International Chronostratigraphic Chart (ICC). This paper discusses radioisotopic (CA-ID-TIMS) dating of zircons from a volcanic tuff located in the Starokuznetsk Formation. This level matches the interval of the Balakhonka/Kolchugino (B/K) floral change in Kuzbass, i.e. the gradual replacement of cordaitoid-dominated wet forests (Balakhonka flora) by more arid fern-pteridosperm-cordaitoid assemblages (Kolchugino flora). New age (276.9 ± 0.4 Ma) directly correlates the Starokuznetsk Fm with the Upper Kungurian of the ICS. We compared the Kuzbass data with data of the Western Verkhoyanie, where Middle Permian ammonoids (Sverdrupites assemblage) occur in strata recording the B/K floral change. Available (ICC) and new datings indicate the lag between the B/K floral change in low (Kuzbass) and high (Verkhoyanie) latitudes of Angaraland. The B/K floral change in the Kuzbass began in the early Late Kungurian and was completed by the end of this age. In contrast, the B/K floral change in Verkhoyanie began at the end of the Late Kungurian and was completed in the Late Wordian. The delay in the floral changes at different latitudes of Angaraland suggests that existing interregional correlations need further improvement.
Investigation of Novel Thiazole Derivatives Bearing the Benzenesulfonamide Moiety as MAO Inhibitors with a Promising Activity Profiles
Authors: Shetnev Anton A. , Efimova Julia A. , Olga Gasilina A , Eugenia Shabalina J. , Dmitry Lifanov A , Elena Petersen V , Korsakov Mikhail K. , Petzer Anél , Petzer Jacobus P.
Published: November 2023

We have recently reported that a series of 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylbenzenesulfonamides acts as potent and specific monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors with some compounds possessing potencies in the nanomolar range. While sulfonamide compounds (e.g., zonisamide) have been reported to inhibit the MAO enzymes, nanomolar MAO inhibition potencies for this class are not frequently observed. The present study expanded on these findings by replacing the 1,3,4-oxazole moiety with a 1,3-thiazole heterocycle. A series of 23 primary sulfonamides were synthesized by reaction of an α-haloketone with a substituted carbothioamide. The results of the MAO inhibition studies showed that the 1,3-thiazolylbenzenesulfonamides were specific inhibitors of human MAO-B. The most potent MAO-B inhibitor exhibited an in vitro IC50 value of 0.103 µM (3j). The derivatives were, however, weaker inhibitors of human MAO-A with the most potent compound exhibiting an IC50 value of 11.9 µM (3a). Examination of the structure-activity relationships (SARs) showed that the most potent MAO-B inhibition was obtained with substitution of the sulfonamide on the meta position of the phenyl rather than the para position. This study concludes that 1,3-thiazolylbenzenesulfonamides represent a class of potent and specific MAO-B inhibitors, which may serve as leads for the development of new treatments for disease states such as Parkinson’s disease.
Simulation of Gauged and Ungauged Streamflow of Coastal Catchments Across Australia
Authors: Bari Mohammed Abdul Abdul , Khan Urooj , Amirthanathan Gnanathikkam Emmanuel , Tuteja Mayank , Laugesen Richard Mark
Published: November 2023

Australia is a unique continent surrounded by the ocean and the majority of catchments flow to the coast. Some of these catchments are gauged and others are ungauged. There are 405 gauged catchments covering 2,549,000 km2 across the coastal regions of 12 drainage divisions in Australia. Whereas there are 771 catchments conceptualised as ungauged covering additional 835,000 km2. The mean annual rainfall and PET and its spatial and temporal distribution vary significantly from one drainage division to another. We developed a continuous daily streamflow time series of all gauged and ungauged catchments from 1993 onwards. We applied the GR4J lumped conceptual model to these catchments. The performance of gauged catchments was analysed through (i) visual inspection of daily hydrographs, flow duration curves and daily scatter plots, and (ii) performance metrics including NSE and PBias. Based on the NSE and PBias, performance ratings of 80% and 96% of the models respectively were found 'good'. There was no relationship found between the catchment area and model performance. The ungauged catchments were divided into four categories based on distance from potential donor catchments where observed data are available for GR4J model calibration, and Köppen climate zone. The total ungauged catchments represent 24.7% of the total drainage division areas. The streamflow from ungauged catchments was estimated using GR4J model based on the parameters of their donor catchments. Overall, runoff ratios from ungauged catchments were found to be higher compared to their donor gauged catchments, likely driven by their higher rainfall and less PET. This tendency was particularly evident in two drainage divisions – the Carpentaria Coast (CC) and Tanami-Timor Sea Coast (TTS) where ungauged areas comprised 51% and 43% respectively. The mean gauged annual streamflow varied significantly across drainage divisions – 230 GL from South Australian Gulf (SAG) to 146,150 GL in TTS. The streamflow from all ungauged catchments was estimated at 232,200 GL per year. Overall, the average streamflow from all drainage divisions, including gauged and ungauged areas, across the coastal regions of Australia was estimated at 419,950 GL per year. This nationwide estimate of streamflow dataset could potentially enhance our understanding of coastal processes and improvements of marine modelling systems and tools.
Alternaria alternata and A.koreana, the Causal Agent of a New Leaf Spot in Celtis sinensis and Their Sensitivity to Fungicides
Authors: Wang Qiuqin , Zhang Xiu-Yu , Wan Yu , Zhao Yin-Juan
Published: November 2023

Celtis sinensis is an adaptable species that is widely grown in southern China. In June 2022, a leaf blotch disease of C. sinensis was observed in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. Based on morphological characterization, three isolates were identified as Alternaria species. Phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, GAPDH, TEF1-α, RPB2 and Alt a 1 sequences identified the three isolates we obtained as Alternaria alternata and Alternaria koreana. Koch’s postulates were fulfilled in the greenhouse, and the pathogenicity of A. alternata and A. koreana was determined by leaf inoculation tests on C. sinensis seedlings. The symptoms of indoor inoculation were consistent with those in the field. A. alternata and A. koreana can grow at 15-35 °C, with an optimal growth temperature of 25 °C. The results of fungicide sensitivity experiments indicated that A. alternata and A. koreana were the most sensitive to prochloraz, which may be a useful strategy for the future prevention and control management of A. alternata and A. koreana. This study provides the first step for further research on A. alternata and A. koreana as pathogens of C. sinensis and provides a theoretical basis for future control strategies.
Cardiac Targeting Peptide: From Discovery to Applications
Authors: Sahagun Daniella , Zahid Maliha
Published: November 2023

Despite significant strides in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, cardiovascular diseases remain the number one cause of mortality in the United States, with rates climbing at an alarming rate in the developing world. Targeted delivery of therapeutics to the heart has been a lofty goal to achieve with strategies ranging from direct intra-cardiac or intra-pericardial delivery, intra-coronary infusion, to adeno-associated viral vectors which have preference, if not complete cardio-selectivity, for cardiac tissue. Cell penetrating peptides (CPP) are 5-30 amino acid long peptides that are able to breach cell membrane barriers while carrying cargoes up to several times their size, in an intact functional form. Identified nearly three decades ago, the first of these CPPs came from the HIV coat protein transactivator of transcription. Although a highly efficient CPP, its clinical utility is limited by its robust ability to cross any cell membrane barrier, including crossing the blood-brain barrier and transducing neuronal tissue non-specifically. Several strategies have been utilized to identify cell or tissue specific CPPs, one of which is phage display. Using this latter technique, we identified a cardiomyocyte targeting peptide (CTP) more than a decade ago, a finding that has been corroborated by several independent labs across the world that have utilized CTP for myriad different purposes in pre-clinical animal models. The goal of this publication is to provide a comprehensive review of the identification, validation, and application of CTP, and outlining its potential in diagnostic and therapeutic applications especially in the field of targeted RNA interference.
Examining HIV Knowledge and Sexual Risky Behaviors Among Female Sex Workers in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Ssenyonjo Jude , Mistler Colleen , Adler Tanya , Shrestha Roman , Kyambadde Peter , Copenhaver Michael
Published: November 2023

HIV incidence remains alarmingly high among female sex workers (FSWs) in low- and middle-income countries, with Uganda being no exception. The elevated risk of HIV transmission among this vulnerable population can be attributed to a complex interplay of factors, including engaging in sexual activities with multiple partners, inconsistent condom usage, substance use, and structural barriers, such as legal criminalization and pervasive stigmatization by healthcare providers. To combat this epidemic, various HIV prevention interventions have been devised, targeting these multi-faceted challenges. This study involved conducting focus groups among FSWs and healthcare providers in Uganda, with the overarching objective of informing the development of a tailored HIV prevention intervention aimed squarely at FSWs. Through these discussions, valuable insights were gained into FSWs’ perceptions of their HIV risk, their attitudes regarding HIV prevention strategies, and their recommendations regarding the content and delivery of future interventions.
Identifying Seismic Anomalies via Wavelet Maxima Analysis of Satellite Microwave Brightness Temperature Observations
Authors: Wu Haochen , Xiong Pan , Chen Jianghe , Zhang Xuemin , Yang Xing
Published: November 2023

This study develops a wavelet maxima-based methodology to extract anomalous signals from microwave brightness temperature (MBT) observations for seismic estimation. MBT, acquired via satellite microwave radiometry, enables subsurface characterization penetrating clouds. Five earthquake categories were defined contingent on locale (oceanic/terrestrial) and ambient traits (soil hydration, vegetal covering). Continuous wavelet transform was applied to preprocess annualized MBT readings preceding and succeeding prototypical events of each grouping, utilizing optimized wavelet functions and orders tailored to individualized contexts. Wavelet maxima graphs visually portraying signal intensity variations facilitated identification of aberrant phenomena, including pre-seismic accrual, co-seismic perturbation, and postsismic remission signatures. Casework found 10GHz horizontal-polarized MBT optimally detected signals for aquatic and predominantly humid/vegetative settings, whereas 36GHz horizontal-polarized performed best for arid, vegetated landmasses. This preliminary investigation establishes an analytical framework, albeit reliant on qualitative appraisals. Quantitative machine learning methods are warranted to statistically define selection standards and augment empirical forecasting leveraging lithospheric stress state inferences from sensitive MBT parametrization.
Reactive Attachment Disorder and Its Relationship to Psychopathology: A Scoping Review
Authors: Talmón-Knuser Florencia , González-Sala Francisco , Lacomba-Trejo Laura , Samper-García Paula
Published: November 2023

The study aimed to determine, through a systematic review, the relationship between Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) and the presence of psychopathology in children and adolescents and to determine the existence of differences about the presence of internalising and externalising psychological problems between the RAD group and groups with other disorders or with typical development. Following the PRISMA methodology, a search was carried out in the Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases. The search yielded 770 results, of which only 25 met the inclusion criteria. The results, indicate a relationship between the presence of RAD and/or Disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED) with the presence of internalising and externalising problems. These difficulties are more present in children with RAD compared to children without personal difficulties, or children with DSED, children with autism, children with intellectual disabilities or children with hyperactivity. It can be concluded that the presence of RAD has negative consequences on the mental health of children and adolescents, with these being greater in the inhibited group than in the disinhibited group, and with respect to children with autism or hyperactivity.
A Novel Platinum Modified Barium Zirconate-Based Electrolyte for Enhanced Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Performance
Authors: Liu Yonghong , Fu Min , Liu Jiarou , Zhang Yuxin , Tao Zetian
Published: November 2023

Pt modified BaZr0.76Y0.2Ni0.04O3 (BZYN) is fabricated and characterized as a stable electrolyte for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell (H-SOFC). The utilization of X-ray diffraction method (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) enables the identification of the presence of platinum (Pt) in both the crystal lattice sites and the grain interface. This occurrence contributes to a reduction in grain boundary resistance. Consequently, this phenomenon improves the conductivity of the electrolyte. The electrochemical performance of the single cell with Pt modified BZY electrolyte is improved by the reduction of ohmic resistance and enhancement of ion migration. This signifies a noteworthy advancement in the creation of more efficient and durable proton-conducting SOFCs.
Joint Assessment of Care Needs of Children and Families:
Development and Description of an Innovative Assessment and Shared Decision-Making Methodology
Authors: Bontje Marjanne C. A. , Van Dijk-van Dijk Annemarie D.J. , Reis Ria , Crone Matty R.
Published: November 2023

This study presents the development and pilot implementation of an assessment and shared deci-sion-making methodology called the Gezamenlijk Inschatten van Zorgbehoeften (GIZ), designed for youth (health) care professionals working with children and families. The three-phase approach included a needs assessment, development of the GIZ methodology, and pilot implementation in a preventive youth health care and youth care setting, involving parents, adolescents, and youth (health) care professionals. The needs assessment produced nine criteria that the GIZ methodology needed to meet. Based on these criteria, the GIZ methodology was developed and described using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR). The pilot implementation demonstrated high client engagement, satisfaction, and feasibility in daily practice. The GIZ ap-proach promotes appropriate support for families by improving the joint assessment and shared decision-making process in youth (health) care. This study supports the implementation of GIZ in youth (health) care practice and highlights the need for further focus on implementation and sus-tainability.
Management of Acute Bronchiolitis in Spoke Hospitals: Analysis and Outcome
Authors: Guidi Carla , Ragusa Neftj , Mussinatto Ilaria , Paola Francesca , Luotti Diego , Calosso Giulia , Rotondo Eleonora , Deut Virginia , Timeus Fabio Stefano , Brach del Prever Adalberto , Berger Massimo
Published: November 2023

Bronchiolitis is an acute viral infection of the lower respiratory tract that affects infants and young children. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common causative agent, however other viruses can be the reason of the disease. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical features of infants aged less than 12 months referred to our Pediatric Units of Chivasso, Cirié and Ivrea for acute bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization over two consecutive bronchiolitis seasons. Patient-, disease-

and treatment related variables were analyzed in this retrospective study. We were able to show how with the high flow oxygen support (HFNC) only a very low number of children (8 out of 192) need to be trasferred to our HUB referral centers. The probability of success were 96% for all patients and 93% for RSV vs. 98% for non-RSV patients (P=NS). Factor associated to failure of treatment were age below 1 months and the failure of HFNC. The wide and increasing use of HFNC in pediatric inpatients improved management of bronchiolitis in Spoke hospitals, reducing transfer to a Hub hospital provided with Intensive Care Units.
Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds Using HPLC- MS in Empetrum rubrum Vahl ex Willd.
Authors: Schneider Carlos , González-Reyes Makarena , Vergara Carola , Zapata Patricio
Published: November 2023

In searching for compounds with antioxidant and antifungal activity, our study focused on the subshrub species Empetrum rubrum Vahl ex Willd. (Ericaceae), commonly known as Brecillo or Murtilla de Magallanes. We measured the antioxidant activity of its methanolic extract (MEE) obtained from the aerial parts (leaves and stems). The antioxidant activity of MEE was evaluated in vitro by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) cationic radical. Results were expressed in gallic acid and Trolox equivalents for DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. The antioxidant activities, for the DPPH and ABTS assays, were also calculated as an inhibitory concentration of extract needed to inhibit 50% of the absorbance (IC50 value). The results of IC50 values measured by the DPPH and ABTS methods were 0.4145 mg mL-1 and 0.1081 mg mL-1, respectively. In relation to the antioxidant activity, the total phenolic content (TPC) in MEE was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the presence of secondary metabolites groups, including phenolic compounds, was determined by using different standardized test procedures. Phenolic compounds contained in leaves, stems, and fruits of E. rubrum were determined qualitatively by means of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis. The antifungal activity of MEE obtained from aerial parts of E. rubrum was tested against Rhizoctonia solani. In vitro, mycelial growth of this fungus was reduced from 90% to 100% in the presence of MEE.
Prostatic Artery Embolization in the Treatment of Massive Intractable Bleeding from Prostatic Adenocarcinoma. A Systematic Review
Authors: Moramarco Lorenzo , Grande Antonino Massimiliano , Vertemati Maurizio , Aseni Paolo
Published: November 2023

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and hematuria are common symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) mainly affecting the elderly population. Prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) is a minimally invasive pro-cedure that has shown promising results in managing massive intractable prostatic he-maturia in patients with BPH and PCa. A few studies, however, have provided valuable insights into the durability and efficacy of PAE focusing on the long-term effectiveness, quality of life, and cancer-specific control of hemostasis and urinary symptoms. As a result of concomitant cardiovascular conditions, these patients often take anticoagulants or antithrombotics, which can worsen their hematuria and clinical status. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is considered a very high-risk procedure even without massive bleeding, and requires discontinuation of Vitamin K antagonists and antiplate-let therapies. Such patients usually have their surgery postponed, and PAE should be considered a safe alternative treatment. We aimed to report a narrative review from 1976 to June 2023 of the current state of PAE for massive and intractable hematuria highlighting recent developments in this technique, including prospective cohort stud-ies and focusing on long-term outcome, safety, and complication management in PCa patients with significant hemorrhagic symptoms. As an additional contribution, we propose a simple algorithm for treating intractable bleeding associated with prostate cancer in a 92-year-old man with LUTS.
Give Me A Sign: Using Data Gloves For Static Hand Shape Recognition
Authors: Achenbach Philipp , Laux Sebastian , Purdack Dennis , Müller Philipp Niklas , Göbel Stefan Peter
Published: November 2023

Human-to-human communication via the computer is mainly done using a keyboard or microphone. In the field of Virtual Reality (VR), where the most immersive experience possible is desired, the use of a keyboard contradicts this goal, while the use of a microphone is not always desirable (e.g. silent commands during task force training) or simply not possible (e.g. if the user has a hearing loss). Data gloves help to increase immersion within the VR as they correspond to our natural interaction. At the same time, they offer the possibility to accurately capture hand shapes, such as those used in non-verbal communication (e.g. thumbs up, okay gesture, ...) and in sign language. In this paper, we present a hand shape recognition system using Manus Prime X data gloves, including data acquisition, data preprocessing, and data classification to enable nonverbal communication within VR. We investigate the impact on accuracy and classification time of using an Outlier Detection and a Feature Selection approach in our data preprocessing. To obtain a more generalized approach, we also studied the impact of artificial Data Augmentation, i.e., we create new artificial data from the recorded and filtered data to augment the training dataset. With our approach, 56 different hand shapes could be distinguished with an accuracy of up to 93.28%. With a reduced number of 27 hand shapes, an accuracy of up to 95.55% could be achieved. Voting Meta-Classifier (VL2) has proven to be the most accurate, albeit slowest, classifier. A good alternative is Random Forest (RF), which was even able to achieve better accuracy values in a few cases and was generally somewhat faster. Outlier Detection has proven to be a effective approach, especially in improving classification time. Overall, we have shown that our hand shape recognition system using data gloves is suitable for communication within VR.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Online Education Revolution: A Comprehensive Survey
Authors: SWARGIARY KHRITISH
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about unprecedented disruptions to education worldwide, forcing institutions to adapt rapidly to remote learning. This study explores the impact of the pandemic on the demand for online education among a diverse group of 10,00,000 students. Through a comprehensive survey, we assess the reasons behind the shift towards online education, its effectiveness, and the long-term implications for the education landscape.