bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-Response Optimization of WEDM Process Parameters for Machining of Superelastic Nitinol Shape-Memory Alloy Using a Heat-Transfer Search Algorithm
Authors: Chaudhari Rakesh , Vora Jay J. , Mani Prabu S. S. , Palani I. A. , Patel Vivek K. , Parikh D. M. , de Lacalle Luis Norberto López
Published: April 2019

Nitinol, a shape-memory alloy (SMA), is gaining popularity for use in various applications. Machining of these SMAs poses a challenge during conventional machining. Henceforth, in the current study, the wire-electric discharge process has been attempted to machine nickel-titanium (Ni55.8Ti) super-elastic SMA. Furthermore, to render the process viable for industry, a systematic approach comprising response surface methodology (RSM) and a heat-transfer search (HTS) algorithm has been strategized for optimization of process parameters. Pulse-on time, pulse-off time and current were considered as input process parameters, whereas material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness, and micro-hardness were considered as output responses. Residual plots were generated to check the robustness of analysis of variance (ANOVA) results and generated mathematical models. A multi-objective HTS algorithm was executed for generating 2-D and 3-D Pareto optimal points indicating the non-dominant feasible solutions. The proposed combined approach proved to be highly effective in predicting and optimizing the wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process parameters. Validation trials were carried out and the error between measured and predicted values was negligible. To ensure the existence of a shape-memory effect even after machining, a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test was carried out. The optimized parameters were found to machine the alloy appropriately with the intact shape memory effect.
Evaluation of Asphalt with Different Combinations of Fire Retardants
Authors: Xu Guangji , Chen Xiao , Zhu Shichao , Kong Lingdi , Huang Xiaoming , Zhao Jiewen , Ma Tao
Published: April 2019

When a fire takes place in a tunnel, the surface of the asphalt pavement will burn and release a large amount of smoke, which is toxic to human health. Thus, in order to prevent the combustion of the asphalt pavement under fire, it is necessary to propose some methods to retard its physical and chemical reaction under the high temperature. In this study, ten different combinations of fire retardants and a control case where no fire retardant was applied were prepared for evaluation. The thermogravimetric (TG)–mass spectrometry (MS) tests were used to evaluate their effect on the fire retardance from mass and energy perspectives and the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) software was used to evaluate the fire retardance from temperature and smoke distribution perspectives. In experimental analysis, the TG (thermogravimetric) and DTG (differential thermogravimetric) curves were used to analyze the mass loss rate and residual mass of the asphalt and the activation energy was calculated and analyzed as well. In addition, decay rate of mass loss rate and increasing rate of activation energy were proposed to evaluate the ease of combustion of the asphalt with and without fire retardants. The results show that in laboratory experiments, the fire retardant combination which includes 48% aluminum hydroxide, 32% magnesium hydroxide, 5% expanded graphite, and 15% encapsulated red phosphorous would lead to an improved effect of fire retardance. In numerical modeling, the temperature and smoke height distribution over time were adopted to evaluate the fire retardance effect. The temperature distribution was found to be symmetrical on both sides of the combustion point and the same combination as proposed in experimental analysis was found to have the best effect on fire retardance due to the largest decrease in temperature. Additionally, because of the highest smoke height distribution, an improved effect on smoke suppression was also found when this combination was applied.
Optimum Particle Size of Treated Calcites for CO2 Capture in a Power Plant
Authors: Quesada Carballo Luís , Perez Perez María del Rosario , Cantador Fernández David , Caballero Amores Alvaro , Fernández Rodríguez José María
Published: April 2019

This work has analyzed the influence of the particle size of a calcite from a quarry, whether original, calcined, or rehydrated, on the efficiency of CO2 capture of the gases emitted in a coal-fired power plant. Three different particle sizes 0.5 mm, 0.1 mm, and 0.045 mm have been studied. The calcination had a minimal effect on the particle size of the smaller samples A1045 and A1M1 (<30 μm). The N2 isotherms and the CO2 adsorption isotherms at 0 °C showed a very significant increase in the surface of the calcined and rehydrated samples (A15CH, A1045CH, and A1M1CH) with respect to the calcined or original samples. The results obtained showed that the capture of CO2 for the sample A1M1, with a smaller average particle size (<30 μm, is the most effective. For the sample A1M1 calcined and completely rehydrated (Ca(OH)2), the chemical adsorption of CO2 to form CaCO3 is practically total, under the experimental conditions used (550 °C and CO2 flow of 20 mL min−1). The weight increase was 34.11% and the adsorption capacity was 577.00 mg g−1. The experiment was repeated 10 times with the same sample A1M1 calcined and rehydrated. No appreciable loss of adsorption capacity was observed.
Prognostic Factors for Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Remission after Laparoscopic Splenectomy: A Cohort Study
Authors: Kwiatkowska Anna , Radkowiak Dorota , Wysocki Michał , Torbicz Grzegorz , Gajewska Natalia , Lasek Anna , Kulawik Jan , Budzyński Andrzej , Pędziwiatr Michał
Published: April 2019

Background and Objectives: Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) has become the gold standard for patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The total remission rate after splenectomy is 70%–90%, of which 66% is long-term. Despite this high response rate, some patients do not benefit from surgery. It is therefore important to try to identify risk factors for an unsatisfactory clinical response. The aim of this study was to assess long-term outcomes of LS for ITP and identify factors associated with increased disease remission rates. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively studied consecutive patients with ITP undergoing LS in a tertiary referral surgical center prospectively recorded in a database. Inclusion criteria were: Elective, laparoscopic splenectomy for diagnosed ITP, and complete follow-up. The cohort was divided into two groups—Group 1 (G1) patients with ITP remission after splenectomy and Group 2 (G2) patients without remission. There were 113 G1 patients and 52 G2 patients. Median follow-up was 9.5 (IQR: 5–15) years. Results: In univariate analysis, patient’s age, body mass index (BMI), preoperative platelet count, the need for platelet transfusions, and presence of hemorrhagic diathesis were shown to be statistically significant factors. Next, we built a multivariate logistic regression model using factors significant in univariate analysis. Age <41 years (odds ratio (OR) 4.49; 95% CI: 1.66–12.09), BMI < 24.3 kg/m2 (OR: 4.67; 95% CI: 1.44–15.16), and preoperative platelet count ≥97 × 103/mm3 (OR: 3.50; 95% CI: 1.30–9.47) were shown to be independent prognostic factors for ITP remission after LS. Conclusions: The independent prognostic factors for ITP remission after LS revealed in our study are: age <41 years, BMI < 2 4.3 kg/m2, and preoperative platelet count ≥97 × 103/mm3. Duration of the ITP and the time of treatment are not related to remission after LS.
Performance Evaluation of a Thermophilic Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor for Palm Oil Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Yee Thet , Rathnayake Thusitha , Visvanathan Chettiyappan
Published: April 2019

Anaerobic treatment processes have achieved popularity in treating palm oil mill effluent due to its high treatability and biogas generation. The use of externally submerged membranes with anaerobic reactors promotes the retention of the biomass in the reactor. This study was conducted in thermophilic conditions with the Polytetrafluoroethylene hollow fiber (PTFE-HF) membrane which was operated at 55 °C. The reactor was operated at Organic Loading Rates (OLR) of 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10 kg Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)/m3·d to investigate the treatment performance and the membrane operation. The efficiency of the COD removal achieved by the system was between 93–98%. The highest methane yield achieved was 0.56 m3 CH4/kg CODr. The reactor mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) was maintained between 11.1 g/L to 20.9 g/L. A dead-end mode PTFE hollow fiber microfiltration was operated with the constant flux of 3 LMH (L/m2·h) in permeate recirculation mode to separate the clear final effluent and retain the biomass in the reactor. Membrane fouling was one of the limiting factors in the membrane bioreactor application. In this study, organic fouling was observed to be 93% of the total membrane fouling.
Effect of Normalizing Annealing Temperature on Precipitates and Texture of Nb-Cr-Bearing Decarburized Grain-Oriented Silicon Steels
Authors: Liu Yulong , Zhu Chengyi , Jia Juan , Wang Yong , Liu Yu , Li Guangqiang
Published: April 2019

The evolution of precipitates and texture was investigated in Nb-Cr-bearing decarburized specimens after normalizing at different temperatures. Enough inhibitors, including Nb(C,N), were obtained, of 20~40 nm in size. Increasing normalizing annealing temperature leads to the number density of the precipitates decreasing and that of mean size increasing. The Goss texture content in the decarburized specimens decreases in different degrees compared with the normalized ones. The minimum Goss texture and maximum ∑9 grain boundaries were obtained in the decarburized specimen normalizing at 950 °C and in this specimen, enough fine dispersed inhibitors, weak but relative stable Goss texture and uniform grain size will be beneficial for Goss grains growth in secondary recrystallization, according to the coincidence site lattice theory.
Mold-Level Prediction for Continuous Casting Using VMD–SVR
Authors: Su Wenbin , Lei Zhufeng , Yang Ladao , Hu Qiao
Published: April 2019

In the continuous-casting process, mold-level control is one of the most important factors that ensures the quality of high-efficiency continuous casting slabs. In traditional mold-level prediction control, the mold-level prediction accuracy is low, and the calculation cost is high. In order to improve the prediction accuracy for mold-level prediction, an adaptive hybrid prediction algorithm is proposed. This new algorithm is the combination of empirical mode decomposition (EMD), variational mode decomposition (VMD), and support vector regression (SVR), and it effectively overcomes the impact of noise on the original signal. Firstly, the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) of the mold-level signal are obtained by the adaptive EMD, and the key parameter of the VMD is obtained by the correlation analysis between the IMFs. VMD is performed based on the key parameter to obtain several IMFs, and the noise IMFs are denoised by wavelet threshold denoising (WTD). Then, SVR is used to predict each denoised component to obtain the predicted IMF. Finally, the predicted mold-level signal is reconstructed by the predicted IMFs. In addition, compared with WTD–SVR and EMD–SVR, VMD–SVR has a competitive advantage against the above three methods in terms of robustness. This new method provides a new idea for mold-level prediction.
Systems Biology and Multi-Omics Integration: Viewpoints from the Metabolomics Research Community
Authors: Pinu Farhana R. , Beale David J. , Paten Amy M. , Kouremenos Konstantinos , Swarup Sanjay , Schirra Horst J. , Wishart David
Published: April 2019

The use of multiple omics techniques (i.e., genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) is becoming increasingly popular in all facets of life science. Omics techniques provide a more holistic molecular perspective of studied biological systems compared to traditional approaches. However, due to their inherent data differences, integrating multiple omics platforms remains an ongoing challenge for many researchers. As metabolites represent the downstream products of multiple interactions between genes, transcripts, and proteins, metabolomics, the tools and approaches routinely used in this field could assist with the integration of these complex multi-omics data sets. The question is, how? Here we provide some answers (in terms of methods, software tools and databases) along with a variety of recommendations and a list of continuing challenges as identified during a peer session on multi-omics integration that was held at the recent ‘Australian and New Zealand Metabolomics Conference’ (ANZMET 2018) in Auckland, New Zealand (Sept. 2018). We envisage that this document will serve as a guide to metabolomics researchers and other members of the community wishing to perform multi-omics studies. We also believe that these ideas may allow the full promise of integrated multi-omics research and, ultimately, of systems biology to be realized.
Quality Evaluation of Gastrodia Elata Tubers Based on HPLC Fingerprint Analyses and Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Components by Single Marker
Authors: Li Yehong , Zhang Yiming , Zhang Zejun , Hu Yupiao , Cui Xiuming , Xiong Yin
Published: April 2019

Gastrodia elata (G. elata) tuber is a valuable herbal medicine used to treat many diseases. The procedure of establishing a reasonable and feasible quality assessment method for G. elata tuber is important to ensure its clinical safety and efficacy. In this research, an effective and comprehensive evaluation method for assessing the quality of G. elata has been developed, based on the analysis of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint, combined with the quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method. The contents of the seven components, including gastrodin, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, p-hydroxy benzaldehyde, parishin A, parishin B, parishin C, and parishin E were determined, simultaneously, using gastrodin as the reference standard. The results demonstrated that there was no significant difference between the QAMS method and the traditional external standard method (ESM) (p > 0.05, RSD < 4.79%), suggesting that QAMS was a reliable and convenient method for the content determination of multiple components, especially when there is a shortage of reference substances. In conclusion, this strategy could be beneficial for simplifying the processes in the quality control of G. elata tuber and giving references to promote the quality standards of herbal medicines.
DP4-Assisted Structure Elucidation of Isodemethylchodatin, a New Norlichexanthone Derivative Meager in H-Atoms, from the Lichen Parmotrema tsavoense
Authors: Duong Thuc-Huy , Beniddir Mehdi A. , Boustie Joël , Nguyen Kim-Phi-Phung , Chavasiri Warinthorn , Bernadat Guillaume , Le Pogam Pierre
Published: April 2019

A phytochemical investigation of the foliose lichen Parmotrema tsavoense (Krog and Swinscow) Krog and Swinscow (Parmeliaceae) resulted in the isolation of a new trichlorinated xanthone, isodemethylchodatin. The structure elucidation of this new norlichexanthone derivative proved tricky owing to proton deficiency, and to the lack of NMR data of closely related analogues. The structure of this compound was determined based on an integrated interpretation of 13C-NMR chemical shifts, MS spectra, and DP4-based computational chemistry was also performed to provide an independent and unambiguous validation of the determined structure. Isodemethylchodatin represents the first chlorinated lichexanthone/norlichexanthone derivative bearing a methoxy group at C-5.
Preparation of Benzothiazolyl-Decorated Nanoliposomes
Authors: Mourtas Spyridon , Christodoulou Panayiota , Klepetsanis Pavlos , Gatos Dimitrios , Barlos Kleomenis , Antimisiaris Sophia G.
Published: April 2019

Amyloid β (Aβ) species are considered as potential targets for the development of diagnostics/therapeutics towards Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Nanoliposomes which are decorated with molecules having high affinity for Aβ species may be considered as potential carriers for AD theragnostics. Herein, benzothiazolyl (BTH) decorated nanoliposomes were prepared for the first time, after synthesis of a lipidic BTH derivative (lipid-BTH). The synthetic pathway included acylation of bis(2-aminophenyl) disulfide with palmitic acid or palmitoyl chloride and subsequent reduction of the oxidized dithiol derivative. The liberated thiols were able to cyclize to the corresponding benzothiazolyl derivatives only after acidification of the reaction mixture. Each step of the procedure was monitored by HPLC analysis in order to identify all the important parameters for the formation of the BTH-group. Finally, the optimal methodology was identified, and was applied for the synthesis of the lipid-BTH derivative. BTH-decorated nanoliposomes were then prepared and characterized for physicochemical properties (size distribution, surface charge, physical stability, and membrane integrity during incubation in presence of buffer and plasma proteins). Pegylated BTH-nanoliposomes were demonstrated to have high integrity in the presence of proteins (in comparison to non-peglated ones) justifying their further exploitation as potential theragnostic systems for AD.
Modern Transference of Domestic Cooking Skills
Authors: Lavelle Fiona , Benson Tony , Hollywood Lynsey , Surgenor Dawn , McCloat Amanda , Mooney Elaine , Caraher Martin , Dean Moira
Published: April 2019

As the primary source of learning cooking skills; it is vital to understand what mothers think about the transference of cooking skills to their children. The current analysis aimed to highlight mothers’ perceptions of children’s involvement and cooking practices within the home setting. Sixteen focus group discussions were conducted on the island of Ireland (Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland [UK]) with 141 mothers aged 20–39 years old. All focus groups were transcribed verbatim and an inductive thematic analysis using NVivo software was undertaken. Seven themes emerged from the dataset; (1) “How we learned to cook”; (2) “Who’s the boss”; (3) “Children in the way”; (4) “Keep kids out”; (5) “Involvement means eating”; (6) “Intentions versus reality”; and (7) “Kids’ ‘interest’ in cooking”. These themes illustrate a lack of cooking skill transference in relation to everyday meal preparation in modern times. The culture of children in the kitchen has vastly changed; and opportunities for children to learn basic skills are currently limited. Further research is required to confirm the findings that emerged from this analysis.
Enhanced Intestinal Permeability and Plasma Concentration of Metformin in Rats by the Repeated Administration of Red Ginseng Extract
Authors: Jin Sojeong , Lee Sowon , Jeon Ji-Hyeon , Kim Hyuna , Choi Min-Koo , Song Im-Sook
Published: April 2019

We aimed to assess the potential herb–drug interactions between Korean red ginseng extract (RGE) and metformin in rats in terms of the modulation of metformin transporters, such as organic cation transporter (Oct), multiple toxin and extrusion protein (Mate), and plasma membrane monoamine transporter (Pmat). Single treatment of RGE did not inhibit the in vitro transport activity of OCT1/2 up to 500 µg/mL and inhibited MATE1/2-K with high IC50 value (more than 147.8 µg/mL), suggesting that concomitant used of RGE did not directly inhibit OCT- and MATE-mediated metformin uptake. However, 1-week repeated administration of RGE (1.5 g/kg/day) (1WRA) to rats showed different alterations in mRNA levels of Oct1 depending on the tissue type. RGE increased intestinal Oct1 but decreased hepatic Oct1. However, neither renal Oct1/Oct2 nor Mate1/Pmat expression in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, liver, and kidney were changed in 1WRA rats. RGE repeated dose also increased the intestinal permeability of metformin; however, the permeability of 3-O-methyl-d-glucose and Lucifer yellow was not changed in 1WRA rats, suggesting that the increased permeability of metformin by multiple doses of RGE is substrate-specific. On pharmacokinetic analysis, plasma metformin concentrations following intravenous injection were not changed in 1WRA, consistent with no significant change in renal Oct1, Oct2, and mate1. Repeated doses of RGE for 1 week significantly increased the plasma concentration of metformin, with increased half-life and urinary excretion of metformin following oral administration of metformin (50 mg/kg), which could be attributed to the increased absorption of metformin. In conclusion, repeated administration of RGE showed in vivo pharmacokinetic herb–drug interaction with metformin, with regard to its plasma exposure and increased absorption in rats. These results were consistent with increased intestinal Oct1 and its functional consequence, therefore, the combined therapeutic efficacy needs further evaluation before the combination and repeated administration of RGE and metformin, an Oct1 substrate drug.
Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) Storage Change Characteristics (2003–2016) over Major Surface Basins and Principal Aquifers in the Conterminous United States
Authors: Velpuri Naga Manohar , Senay Gabriel B. , Driscoll Jessica M. , Saxe Samuel , Hay Lauren , Farmer William , Kiang Julie
Published: April 2019

In this research, we characterized the changes in the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) monthly total water storage anomaly (TWSA) in 18 surface basins and 12 principal aquifers in the conterminous United States during 2003–2016. Regions with high variability in storage were identified. Ten basins and four aquifers showed significant changes in storage. Eight surface basins and eight aquifers were found to show decadal stability in storage. A pixel-based analysis of storage showed that the New England basin and North Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifer showed the largest area under positive storage change. By contrast, the Lower Colorado and California basins showed the largest area under negative change. This study found that historically wetter regions (with more storage) are becoming wetter, and drier regions (with less storage) are becoming drier. Fourier analysis of the GRACE data showed that while all basins exhibited prominent annual periodicities, significant sub-annual and multi-annual cycles also exist in some basins. The storage turnover period was estimated to range between 6 and 12 months. The primary explanatory variable (PEV) of TWSA was identified for each region. This study provides new insights on several aspects of basin or aquifer storage that are important for understanding basin and aquifer hydrology.
Performance Degradations of MISFET-Based Hydrogen Sensors with a Pd-Ta2O5-SiO2-Si Structure During Long-Term Operation
Authors: Podlepetsky Boris , Samotaev Nikolay , Nikiforova Marina , Kovalenko Andrew
Published: April 2019

We present the generalized experimental results of performance degradation of hydrogen sensors based on metal-insulator-semiconductor field effect transistor (MISFET)with the structure Pd-Ta2O5-SiO2-Si. The n-channel MISFET elements were fabricated on silicon single chips together with temperature sensors and heater-resistors by means of conventional -technology. Two hundred cycles of responses to different hydrogen concentrations were measured during eight weeks using special measuring and temperature stabilization circuitries with a feedback loop based on the chip’s thermo-sensor and heater. We show how the response parameters change during long-term tests of sensors under repeated hydrogen impacts. There were two stages of time-dependent response instability, the degradation of which depends on operating conditions, hydrogen concentrations, and time. To interpret results, we proposed the models, parameters of which were calculated using experimental data. These models can be used to predict performances of MISFET-based gas analysis devices for long-term operation.
Examining Millennials’ Global Citizenship Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions to Engage in Environmental Volunteering
Authors: Woosnam Kyle M. , Strzelecka Marianna , Nisbett Gwendelyn S. , Keith Samuel J.
Published: April 2019

Volunteering for nature conservation has become an important resource in solving local environmental problems of global importance. The study at hand assessed how well millennials’ global citizenship attitudes explain their behavioral intentions to engage in volunteer projects, as well as how prior experience of volunteering in environmental projects affects millennials’ global citizenship attitudes. Those who reported past participation in this type of volunteer experience were generally more inclined to partake in future environmental volunteering than those without prior experience. Likewise, for those with prior experience, global citizen factors played a greater role in intentions to experience environmental volunteering. This study makes valuable contributions to the literature surrounding nature conservation, as it illustrates that millennials’ global citizenship attitudes predict participation in environmental volunteering. This work concludes with insights concerning what programs (that provide millennials with opportunities to fulfill environmental duties associated with their global environmental citizenship) can do to provide a more valuable experience for young volunteers.
Systemic Functions Evaluation based Technological Innovation System for the Sustainability of IoT in the Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Kao Yu-Sheng , Nawata Kazumitsu , Huang Chi-Yo
Published: April 2019

Technological innovations are regarded as the tools that can stimulate economic growth and the sustainable development of technology. In recent years, as technologies based on the internet of things (IoT) have rapidly developed, a number of applications based on IoT innovations have emerged and have been widely adopted by various public and private sectors. Applications of IoT in the manufacturing industry, such as manufacturing intelligence, not only play a significant role in the enhancement of industrial competitiveness and sustainability, but also influence the diffusion of innovative applications that are based on IoT innovations. It is crucial for policy makers to understand these potential reasons for stimulating IoT industrial sustainability, as they can facilitate industrial competitiveness and technological innovations using supportive means, such as government procurement and financial incentives. Therefore, there is a need to ascertain different factors that may affect IoT industrial sustainability and further explore the relationship between these factors. However, finding a set of factors that affects IoT industrial sustainability is not easy. Recently, the robustness of a theoretical framework, termed the technological innovation system (TIS), has been verified and has been used to explore and analyze technological and industrial development. Thus, it is suitable for this research to use this theoretical model. In order to find out appropriate factors and accurately analyze the causality among factors that influence IoT industrial sustainability, this research presents a Bayesian rough Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model based on TIS functions by integrating random forest (RF), decision making trial and evaluation (DEMATEL), Bayesian theory, and rough interval numbers. The proposed analytical framework is validated by an empirical case of defining the causality between TIS functions to enable the industrial sustainability of IoT in the Taiwanese smart manufacturing industry. Based on the empirical study results, the cause group consists of entrepreneurial activities, knowledge development, market formation, and resource mobilization. The effect group is composed of knowledge diffusion through networks’ guidance of the search, and creation of legitimacy. Moreover, the analytical results also provide several policy suggestions promoting IoT industrial sustainability that can serve as the basis for defining innovation policy tools for Taiwan and late coming economies.
On a New type of Tensor on Real Hypersurfaces in Non-Flat Complex Space Forms
Authors: Kaimakamis George , Panagiotidou Konstantina
Published: April 2019

In this paper the notion of

∗

-Weyl curvature tensor on real hypersurfaces in non-flat complex space forms is introduced. It is related to the

∗

-Ricci tensor of a real hypersurface. The aim of this paper is to provide two classification theorems concerning real hypersurfaces in non-flat complex space forms in terms of

∗

-Weyl curvature tensor. More precisely, Hopf hypersurfaces of dimension greater or equal to three in non-flat complex space forms with vanishing

∗

-Weyl curvature tensor are classified. Next, all three dimensional real hypersurfaces in non-flat complex space forms, whose

∗

-Weyl curvature tensor vanishes identically are classified. The used methods are based on tools from differential geometry and solving systems of differential equations.
Evaluation of Minimum Karst Spring Discharge Using a Simple Rainfall-Input Model: The Case Study of Capodacqua di Spigno Spring (Central Italy)
Authors: Sappa Giuseppe , De Filippi Francesco Maria , Iacurto Silvia , Grelle Gerardo
Published: April 2019

The increasing occurrence of widespread drought phenomena is a global environmental emergency, especially for the effects of ongoing climate change on groundwater availability. Dry years and extreme temperatures are common drivers of current climate impacts all over the world, including, for example, the freshwater supply for drinking and agriculture purposes, ecosystems, forestry, health, etc. In this frame, to ensure temporal water availability in water-stressed areas, sustainable groundwater management is an increasing challenge. Most groundwater in the South-East Latium Region, Central Italy, as in the whole Apennine Mountains chain, is stored in karst aquifers. In this area important water resources are present, but even here in the last decades they are affected by groundwater depletion as a consequence of occurring drought events, the upward trend in the global average temperature and the increase in groundwater extraction. Due to the lack of flow rate data of springs in many areas of Italy, spring response modeling could be a useful tool for supporting proper water resource management. Several research studies proposed methods based on relationships between spring discharges and rainfall data. The goal of this paper is to propose a simple linear model, based on rainfall-discharge cross correlations, in order to be able to simulate the effects of variation in rainfall on water resource connected Capodacqua di Spigno Spring minimum discharge. The results obtained using the developed model has been compared to an existing method that uses the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) for the estimation of the minimum annual spring discharge.
Morpho-Physiological and Metal Accumulation Responses of Hemp Plants (Cannabis Sativa L.) Grown on Soil from an Agro-Industrial Contaminated Area
Authors: Pietrini Fabrizio , Passatore Laura , Patti Valerio , Francocci Fedra , Giovannozzi Alessandro , Zacchini Massimo
Published: April 2019

Hemp is a promising plant for phytomanagement. The possibility to couple soil restoration to industrial crop cultivation makes this plant attractive for the management of contaminated sites. In this trial, Cannabis sativa L. plants were grown in a greenhouse on soils from two sites of “Valle del Sacco” (Lazio Region, Italy), a wide area contaminated by agro-industrial activities. One site was representative of moderate and diffuse metal(loid) multi-contamination, above the Italian concentration limit for agriculture (MC—moderately contaminated). The second site showed a metal(loid) content below the aforementioned limit, as a typical background level of the district (C—control). After 90 days, biometric and physiological parameters revealed satisfactory growth in both soil types. MC-grown plants showed a slight, but significant reduction in leaf area, root, and leaf biomass compared with C-grown plants. Chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, namely the quantum yield of primary photochemistry (Fv/Fm) and the Performance Index (PIABS), confirmed the good physiological status of plants in both soils. Metal(loid) analyses revealed that As, V, and Pb accumulated only in the roots with significant differences in MC- and C-grown plants, while Zn was found in all organs. Overall, preliminary results showed a satisfactorily growth coupled with the restriction of toxic metal translocation in MC-grown hemp plants, opening perspectives for the phytomanagement of moderately contaminated areas.
Response of Cladocera Fauna to Heavy Metal Pollution, Based on Sediments from Subsidence Ponds Downstream of a Mine Discharge (S. Poland)
Authors: Pociecha Agnieszka , Wojtal Agata Z. , Szarek-Gwiazda Ewa , Cieplok Anna , Ciszewski Dariusz , Kownacki Andrzej
Published: April 2019

Mining is recognized to deeply influence invertebrate assemblages in aquatic systems, but different invertebrates respond in different ways to mining cessation. Here, we document the response of the cladoceran assemblage of the Chechło river, S. Poland (southern Poland) to the cessation of Pb-Zn ore mining. The aquatic system includes the river and associated subsidence ponds in the valley. Some ponds were contaminated during the period of mining, which ceased in 2009, while one of the ponds only appeared after mining had stopped. We used Cladocera to reveal how the cessation of mine water discharge reflected on the structure and density of organisms. A total of 20 Cladocera taxa were identified in the sediment of subsidence ponds. Their density ranged from 0 to 109 ind./1 cm3. The concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb were much higher in sediments of the ponds formed during peak mining than in the ponds formed after the closure of the mine. Statistical analysis (CCA) showed that Alonella nana, Alona affinis, Alona sp. and Pleuroxus sp. strongly correlated with pond age and did not tolerate high concentrations of heavy metals (Cu and Cd). This analysis indicated that the rate of water exchange by the river flow and the presence of aquatic plants, affect species composition more than pond age itself.
Modelling Phosphorus Sorption Kinetics and the Longevity of Reactive Filter Materials Used for On-Site Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Hamisi Rajabu , Renman Gunno , Renman Agnieszka , Wörman Anders
Published: April 2019

Use of reactive filter media (RFM) is an emerging technology in small-scale wastewater treatment to improve phosphorus (P) removal and filter material longevity for making this technology sustainable. In this study, long-term sorption kinetics and the spatial dynamics of sorbed P distribution were simulated in replaceable P-filter bags filled with 700 L of reactive material and used in real on-site treatment systems. The input data for model calibration were obtained in laboratory trials with Filtralite P®, Polonite® and Top16. The P concentration breakthrough threshold value was set at an effluent/influent (C/C0) ratio of 1 and simulations were performed with P concentrations varying from 1 to 25 mg L−1. The simulation results showed that influent P concentration was important for the breakthrough and longevity, and that Polonite performed best, followed by Top16 and Filtralite P. A 100-day break in simulated intermittent flow allowed the materials to recover, which for Polonite involved slight retardation of P saturation. The simulated spatial distribution of P accumulated in the filter bags showed large differences between the filter materials. The modelling insights from this study can be applied in design and operation of on-site treatment systems using reactive filter materials.
Book Review of Crossing Boundaries, Redefining Faith: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Emerging Church Movement
Authors: Francis Robert D.
Published: April 2019

The Emerging Church Movement (ECM) has attracted a surprising amount of scholarly attention for a phenomenon notoriously resistant to definition and whose impact and size have been challenging to quantify. This edited volume, Crossing Boundaries, Redefining Faith: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Emerging Church Movement, seeks to be a touchstone of the best scholarship about the ECM to date. Across ten chapters with thirteen contributors, the volume succeeds, although it is not without its flaws. Most notably, the relatively small universe of congregations upon which the work in this volume—and broader ECM scholarship—is based raises the question of how to quantify the impact and significance of the movement, something this volume leaves unresolved. Nonetheless, there is little doubt that Crossing Boundaries, Redefining Faith—as a single volume—is the best assemblage of scholarship about the ECM thus far. This book makes obvious sense as a core text for any college or seminary course.
Accounting of the temperature effect when measuring the instantaneous values of the gunpowder gases pressure in the bores of firearms
Authors: Kriukov О. , Lysak I.
Published: April 2019

The relevance of measuring of the pressure of gunpowder gases in the barrel channels of a firearm is noted. The main requirements for a pressure sensor for intra-ballistic measurements are considered. A review of the works in the field of strain gauges error modelling is given. The analysis of the static characteristic of the strain gauge sensor of instantaneous pressure values is carried out. For typical combinations of sensor parameters, a quantitative estimation of the temperature error is performed. To reduce the effect of temperature on the measurement results, it is suggested to take into account the correction in the measurement results, or to apply the temperature stabilization system.
Gas analysis devices for controlling the ventilation system in the house
Authors: Kozubovskyy V. , Aljakshev I.
Published: April 2019

Now in modern houses for the purpose of energy saving use the airtight doors and windows. This causes the need for forced ventilation of the spaces. Usually use a mechanical ventilation system controlled by gas sensors. Gas sensors control the permissible concentration of certain gas components in the living room and on/off, if necessary, a ventilation system. Depending on the type of living spaces used point control, proportional control, or control of the rate of growth of concentration. We have developed gas analyzers of oxygen, СО2  , СО to control the concentration of these gases in the living rooms and control the forced ventilation. Electrochemical sensors of these gases were used as inexpensive, selective and non-consuming electricity. The devices developed on their basis have insignificant weight, dimensions and can work in the autonomous mode with the power from the battery.
Estimation of Dynamical Neuron Nets’ Errors for Measuring Systems
Authors: Al Ravashdekh Leit Akhmed Mustafa , Ruzhentsev I.
Published: April 2019

In the work based on the analysis of application of satellite navigation systems for determining position of moving traffic objects is proposed during the processing of the digital measurement data using artificial neural network. To perform modeling of nonlinear dynamic systems, it is suggested to use recurrent network architectures and a learning algorithm based on the theory of Kalman filters.
Photometer for Measuring of Low Light Levels
Authors: Shabashkevich B. , Yuriev V. , Dobrovolsky Yu. , Doktorovich I. , Shorok E.
Published: April 2019

Modern lightmeters are analyzed and the results of the development of a luxmetre with a dynamic range of ten orders and the methods of studying its metrological characteristics are presented, according to which the nonlinearity of the energy characteristic of the sensitivity of the luxmetre does not exceed ± 0,7 % in the range of illumination (1 · 10-5 – 1 · 105) lux, and the limits of the permissible basic relative error of measuring the illumination do not exceed ± 5 %.
The Study of Trends in the Development of Methods for Implementing the Temperature Scale in the Framework of Improving the State Primary Standard of the Temperature Unit in the Range 1357.7 — 2800 K
Authors: Sergiienko R.
Published: April 2019

Within the framework of improving the state primary standard of the temperature unit in the range from 1357.7 to 2800 K, the work was carried out to study and analyze the development of methods for implementing the temperature scale, on the basis of which the structural scheme of the primary standard DETU 06.03.96 was formed.
Using the pixel information value parameter in an entropy image analysis criterion
Authors: Kvyetnyy R. , Olesenko A.
Published: April 2019

The work is devoted to the development and research of the entropy criterion of image analysis on its corresponding to the method of RLE-compression. The Lab color model and the CIEDE1976 color estimation metric have been analyzed. The pixel information importance parameter has been introduced, which is based on the above described metric and allows us to estimate the importance of the adjacent pixel taking into consideration the information it introduces in relation to the previous pixel. The modified entropy image analysis criterion has been developed taking into account the pixel’s information importance parameter. The adequacy of the proposed criterion has been checked on the sample of standard test images and the feasibility of its use has been proved.
Investigation of correlation models of spectral nonstationarity of random signals
Authors: Shchapov P. , Mygushchenko R. , Kropachek O. , Korzhov I.
Published: April 2019

In the article investigations of probabilistic models of parametrization of local changes of non-stationary random metering signals are carried out. The formalization of the probabilistic properties of non-stationary random signals was carried out, the choice of research models was carried out, the influence of the effects of spectral non-stationary on the correlation of the harmonic components of the measurement signals was analyzed, the time-frequency auto-coherence models were obtained and investigated; discrete continuous wavelet transforms were used to increase the efficiency of the control (diagnosis) of spectral changes measuring signal in mathematical expectations of mutual spectral correlation. The research is carried out to solve the scientific and practical problem of imperfection and limitations of theoretical substantiation in the creation of computerized information measuring devices for monitoring and diagnosing dynamic objects locally and globally unsteady in their spectral properties.
Mental Experiment in Metrology and Representation of Measurement Uncertainty in a Complex Form
Authors: Chalyy V.
Published: April 2019

The essence of the thought experiment and its use in metrology for evaluating and presenting measurement results are studied. An imaginary experiment has a hypothetical-deductive structure, carried out on the basis of the developed program, plan-scheme, is based on experience and is based on the real laws of the phenomena under study and does not go beyond the boundaries of empirical preconditions. The term «uncertainty» of measurement is considered in three aspects: quantitative knowledge of objects of the real world, the technical procedure for obtaining pragmatic measurement information, evaluation of the measured information for making informed decisions and risk management. An analyzed of the shortcomings of exis­ting methods to assess the components of measurement uncertainty, based on the specific features of the GUM concept. In this concept, all components of measurement uncertainty are grouped abstractly into two categories - A and B without sufficient justification of the classification criteria. A method for classifying the components of uncertainty based on a real or mental experiment is proposed, and the results obtained are referred to as real (standard) uncertainty «and» imagi­nary (standard) uncertainty». The total uncertainty is considered as a complex value and is calculated on the basis of orthogonal vectors of the results of real and imaginary experiments. The proposed interpretation of the uncertainty of measurement gives a better understan­ding of the nature of uncertainty, simplifies entries and calculations.
Automation of Calculation of Entropy Error of Measurement
Authors: Losikhin D. , Oliynyk O. , Chorna O.
Published: April 2019

The mathematical model of calculating the entropy error of measurement is obtained in the article. Program listings are provided for calculating measurement errors under the normal and uniform law of distribution errors in the Python software environment.
The Analogue Interface for Remote Measurements Using Multiplexer and Resistive Strain Gauges
Authors: Ornatskyi D. , Kuzmych L. , Kvasnikov V.
Published: April 2019

An analogue interface circuit that contains a mea­suring chain, a transmitter, the input of which is connected to a DC source through an analog demultiplexer, and the outputs of the measuring chain through the analog multiplexer are connected to the measuring amplifier, and a two-channel analog-digital converter with simultaneous sampling is developed. The measuring chain is made in the form of three resistive current dividers, where one divider is formed by a resistive strain gauge and adjusting resistor, and two others — exemplary resistors. This work is aimed at finding possibilities for increasing the accuracy of measurements and interfering analog interfaces for remote measurements using resistive strain gauges by introducing a new structural scheme, which is shown on the Fig.2.
National food security: theoretical approaches to the evaluation and practical recommendations to ensure [about R. R. Gumerov's book «Food security of the Russian Federation (theory and practice)»]
Authors: Ksenofontov M.Yu.
Published: April 2019

Positive review of the book indicated in the title. According to the final conclusion of the reviewer: the monograph will gain a large audience of interested readers, as the author touches upon a wide range of topical issues of food security and convincingly demonstrates the high potential of the category «security» in socio-economic research, formulates a number of interesting theoretical considerations regarding the assessment of food security of the Russian Federation and substantiates many useful practical recommendations for its maintenance and strengthening.
Keywords: food security, Doctrine of food security of the Russian Federation, food independence, agro-food policy, strategic planning.
National innovative system: relevance of formation, contours of conceptual model and integration mechanisms of realization
Authors: Vinslav Yuri B.
Published: April 2019

In work dynamics of key indicators of innovative activity in economy of Russia in recent years is considered. The conclusion is drawn on lack of system positive changes in the innovative sphere of the country. On the basis of the analysis of domestic and foreign practice recommendations about formation of the national innovative system (NIS) promoting more effective realization of the state industrial and scientific and technical policy are formulated. Author's vision of key segments of the domestic NIS focused on the priority directions of creation of scientific and technological innovations of the national importance is offered. Recommendations about development of specific administrative mechanisms for each of the offered segments are made. As perspective instruments of realization of NIS it is offered to use the innovative scientific and technological centers and scientific education centers. Methodical and practical questions of formation of data of the integrated structures are considered, the corresponding conceptual framework is stated.