bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mass Sensing by Symmetry Breaking and Mode Localization in a System of Parametrically Excited Microbeam Resonators
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Piskun N. V. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Lukin A. V. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Popov I. A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Shtukin L. V.
Published: June 2024

In this work, we study the nonlinear dynamics of a mode-localized mass detector. A system of equations is obtained for two weakly coupled beam resonators with an alternating electric current flowing through them and taking into account the point mass on one of the resonators. The one-dimensional problem of thermal conductivity is solved, and a steady-state harmonic temperature distribution in the volume of the resonators is obtained. Using the method of multiple scales, a system of equations in slow variables is obtained, on the basis of which instability zones of parametric resonance, amplitude-frequency characteristics, as well as zones of attraction of various branches, are found. It is shown that in a completely symmetrical system (without a deposited particle), the effect of branching of the antiphase branch of the frequency response is observed, which leads to the existence of an oscillation regime with different amplitudes in a certain frequency range. In the presence of a deposited particle, this effect is enhanced, and the branching point and the ratio of the amplitudes of oscillations of the resonators depend on the mass of the deposited particle.
INVESTIGATING THE ARGUMENTS OF NECESSARY OF EXISTENCE (WĀJIB AL-WUJŪD) IN SUHRAWARDĪ’S PHILOSOPHY BASED ON AL-TALWĪḤĀT AND ḤIKMAH AL-ISHRĀQ
Authors: Davar Mohamad Mahdi
Published: June 2024

Suhrawardī has presented arguments to support the existence of wājib al-wujūd in many of his works. One of the most fundamental of these arguments, which also has a forward-looking feature, is the one he presents in his books al-Talwīḥāt and Ḥikmah al-Ishrāq. To prove the existence of God, Suhrawardī devised three arguments in al-Talwīḥāt and one argument in Ḥikmah al-Ishrāq, all of which are interpretations of the ṣiddīqīn argument. In this article four of Suhrawardī’s arguments, three of them in al-Talwīḥāt and one of them in Ḥikmah al-Ishrāq are reviewed. the main aim of this study is to analyze and explain Suhrawardī’s arguments, due to their importance in philosophy and theology, with the descriptive-analytical method and using library-based collecting data. The arguments presented in the al-Talwīḥāt are succinct, and what made these claims essential was the evaluation of their robustness and content. The significance of his first and third arguments in this book is that they do not require the denial of the vicious circle as a precondition, and by assuming the likelihood of both the vicious circle and infinite regress, the necessity of existence is demonstrated. On the other hand, his argument in Ḥikmah al-Ishrāq, which, like his second argument, is based on the refutation of the vicious circle and infinite regress, includes innovative features and should be investigated thoroughly.
Investigating recycled 3D printing filament waste-based composites reinforced by fillers
Authors: Elhassan Amged , Siraj Sidra , Al Mazrouei Noura , Ahmed Waleed , Zaneldin Essam , AlMarzouqi Ali H.
Published: June 2024

This study explores the potential of recycling different waste generated from 3D printing (3DP) filaments to develop composite materials integrated with silica filler. Through comprehensive mechanical property analyses, including tensile stress, ductility, and toughness, the research exposes significant trends associated with varying concentrations of silica filler. Results indicate a substantial increase in stiffness as silica filler content rises, owing to enhanced interfacial adhesion properties. However, this enhancement is accompanied by diminished ductility and toughness due to the formation of agglomerates and structural voids within the composite matrix. These findings highlight the critical importance of optimizing filler dispersion and concentration to balance mechanical performance and material sustainability in recycled 3DP filament waste-based composites.
Suicidality and substance abuse in Turkish youth
Authors: Prajapati Parna , Unlu Ali , Pumariega Andres
Published: June 2024

Objective: To examine the types of substance use associated with suicidal ideation based on age group, gender, and school type in a sample of Turkish youth. Methods: The study data were collected by the Istanbul Department of Education on 31,604 high school (HS) students who received a 66-question survey that was administered in the school setting. The sample consisted of 53% female and 46.3% male participants, with an age range of 13–21 years. The survey sub-questions were added to generate new independent variables used to examine the relationship between substance use and suicidal ideation based on age, gender, and school type. Binary logistic regression was run between the dependent variable (suicidal ideation) and independent variables (type of substance use) based on three models: age, gender, and type of school. The standardized coefficients were calculated with a p-value of 0.05 and odds ratios were reported. Results: The use of tobacco and sleeping pill was significantly associated with suicidal ideation among all age groups, and in both gender participants and those in regular and vocational schools. Ecstasy was significantly associated with suicidal ideation among older age groups and Anatolian school participants. Substance use among vocational school participants and those who were in older age groups had a significant association with suicidal ideation. Conclusions: A pattern of substance use was seen in this study, specifically highlighting the need for educational and other preventive measures among Turkish youth, with greater emphasis on youth in older age groups and vocational HSs.
Conceptualization of ESG Management Values of Professional Sports Clubs: From Consumers’ Perspective
Authors: Myung Wangsung
Published: June 2024

Discussions and practices on sustainability are actively underway around the world. In this social context, this study conceptualized ESG management values ​​focused on sports organizations, especially professional sports clubs in Korea. Utilizing Q Methodology, suitable for research on individual's subjectivity, we explored ESG management values accepted by consumers of Korean professional sports. As a result, the ESG management values were confirmed as follows: ‘Type I: Trust-Management Emphasis,’ ‘Type II: Local-Community Emphasis,’ and ‘Type III: Safety-Respect Culture Emphasis.’ While each of the three types accepted governance, social responsibility, safety, and respect culture as their main values, they tended to deny environment-related values. Accordingly, this study provided two discussions: ‘Professional sports consumers’ low awareness of the environment’ and ‘Reinterpretation of environmental values ​​among the ESG management values ​​of professional sports clubs’. In conclusion, the three types are significant in that (1) they well reflect the social and cultural context of Korean professional sports and consumers' perceptions, and (2) they provide a new perspective on the ESG management value of professional sports teams.
Automatic Spraying Modulated Rumen Fermentation and Microbiota and Alleviated Adverse Effects of Heat Stress on Cows
Authors: Liu En , Liu Liping , Zhang Zhili , Qu Mingren , Xue Fuguang
Published: June 2024

(1) Background: Heat stress detrimentally restricted the economic in dairy farming production, therefore, this study was designed to investigate how automatic spraying method on alleviating heat stress on cows. (2) Methods: A total of 1208 multiparous dairy cows were randomly allocated into 6 barns, three barns were equipped with automatic sprinklers (SP), each barn was considered as a replicate. The other three barns were considered as control treatments (CON). Each barn was considered as a replicate. (3) Results: body temperature and milk somatic cell count were significantly decreased, while DMI, milk yield, and milk fat content significantly increased with spraying treatment. ICR was improved from 30% to 35%. Rumen fermentation was enhanced by the increased levels of total VFA, acetate, propionate, and butyrate with the spraying treatment. Rumen microbiota results showed at the phylum level, rumen Fibrobacters abundance significantly increased by the spraying treatment. At the genus level, Eubacterium, Shuttleworthia, Saccharofermentans, Lachnospira, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Selenomonas, and Succinivibrio abundance were significantly increased, while Ruminococcaceae and Rikenellaceae abundance were significantly decreased in the rumen with spraying treatment. (4) Conclusion: this study demonstrated automatic spraying modulated the rumen microbiota composition and fermentation function, and effectively meliorated side-effects of heat stress on dairy cows.
Diaphragm Muscle Atrophy Contribute to Low Physical Capacity in COVID-19 Survivors
Authors: Kocjan Janusz , Rydel Mateusz , Szczegielniak Jan , Bogacz Katarzyna , Adamek Mariusz
Published: June 2024

Fatigue and dyspnea are the most commonly presented long-term complaints in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. The purpose of the study was to comprehensively evaluate diaphragm muscle function in COVID-19 survivors, as well as investigate whether potential diaphragm dysfunction will contribute to physical functioning impairment. 46 patients qualified to pulmonary rehabilitation were examined. Diaphragm muscle function parameters were evaluated using ultrasonography, while severity of dyspnea, aerobic capacity and amount of energy used by the body during physical activity were assessed by 6-minute walk test, mMRC scale and Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET), respectively. We identified 69.5% patients with diaphragm atrophy and 6.5% with diaphragm paralysis. Percentage of atrophy was not related to age, gender, BMI index, oxygen therapy use during COVID-19 infection course and severity of disease. Patients with presence of cough, fever and without loss of smell during COVID-19 course had a significantly greater values of diaphragm inspiratory thickness, while patients with cough and no smell disorders had a significantly lower percentage of diaphragm atrophy. Diaphragm functional parameters were strongly associated with selected variables of person's exercise tolerance, such as distance in 6-minute walk test, saturation level, fatigue and exertion in Borg scale. In conclusion, diaphragm muscle dysfunction is a serious long-term post-COVID aftermath and can be viewed as a major contributing factor of prolonged functional impairments.
Swab Testing to Optimize Pneumonia treatment with empiric Vancomycin (STOP-Vanc): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Freiberg Jeffrey A , Siemann Justin K , Qian Edward T , Ereshefsky Benjamin J , Hennessy Cassandra , Stollings Joanna L , Rali Taylor M , Harrell Frank E , Gatto Cheryl L , Rice Todd W , Nelson George E
Published: June 2024

Background: Vancomycin, an antibiotic with activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is frequently included in empiric treatment for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) despite the fact that MRSA is rarely implicated in CAP. Conducting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing on nasal swabs to identify the presence of MRSA colonization has been proposed as an antimicrobial stewardship intervention to reduce the use of vancomycin. Observational studies have shown reductions in vancomycin use after implementation of MRSA colonization testing, and this approach has been adopted by CAP guidelines. However, the ability of this intervention to safely reduce vancomycin use has yet to be tested in a randomized controlled trial.
Methods: STOP-Vanc is a pragmatic, prospective, single center, non-blinded randomized trial. Adult patients with suspicion for CAP who are receiving vancomycin and admitted to the Medical Intensive Care Unit at Vanderbilt University Medical Center will be screened for eligibility. Eligible patients will be enrolled and randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either receive MRSA nasal swab PCR testing in addition to usual care (intervention group), or usual care alone (control group). PCR testing results will be transmitted through the electronic health record to the treating clinicians. Primary providers of intervention group patients with negative swab results will also receive a page providing clinical guidance recommending discontinuation of vancomycin. The primary outcome will be vancomycin-free hours alive, defined as the number of hours alive and free of the use of vancomycin within the first seven days following trial enrollment estimated using a proportional odds ratio model. Secondary outcomes include 30-day all-cause mortality and time alive off vancomycin.
Discussion: STOP-Vanc will provide the first randomized controlled trial data regarding the use of MRSA nasal swab PCR testing to guide antibiotic de-escalation. This study will provide important information regarding the effect of MRSA PCR testing and antimicrobial stewardship guidance on clinical outcomes in an intensive care unit setting.
Trial registration: This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on February 22, 2024. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06272994)
Identifying and tuning coordinated water molecules for efficient electrocatalytic water oxidation
Authors: Zhang Qiuyu , Zhang Geng , Guo Wei , Zheng Hong , Li Xiang , Wang Jinxin
Published: June 2024

Coordination complexes are promising candidates for powerful electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) but challenges remain in favoring the kinetics behaviors through local coordination regulation. Herein, by refining the synergy of carboxylate anions and multiconjugated tripodal benzimidazole ligands, we tailor a series of well-defined and stable coordination complexes (CCs), Ni-tPBA0~3, with three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular/coordinated structures. The coordinated water as potential open coordination sites (OCSs) can directly become intermediates, while the metal center easily achieves re-coordination with water molecules in the pores to resist lattice oxygen dissolution. Specifically, nickel centers with mono-coordinated water undergo the intermolecular oxygen coupling while those with neighboring coordinated water molecules follow an intramolecular oxygen coupling mechanism (IOM) with a low thermodynamic energy barrier. With more coordinated water introduced, an optimized IOM process appears with the synergy of potential OCSs, enabling fast generation of –Ni–(OH)x intermediate and synchronizing the re-coordination of water molecules with the deprotonation of active –OH for enhanced kinetics. As such, a low overpotential of 265 mV at 10 mA cm–2 and long-term stability of 150 h at 100 mA cm–2 was achieved, superior to most single transition metal-based molecular electrocatalysts. This study underscores the potential of crafting the coordinated water molecules for efficient electrocatalysis applications.
Seismic clusters and fluids diffusion: a lesson from the 2018 Molise (Southern Italy) earthquake sequence
Authors: Gentili Stefania , Brondi Piero , Rossi Giuliana , Sugan Monica , Petrillo Giuseppe , Zhuang Jiancang , Campanella Stefano
Published: June 2024

The identification of seismic clusters is essential for many applications of statistical analysis and seismicity forecasting: an incorrect cluster identification leads to incorrect results. However, there are several methods to identify clusters, and their results are not always compatible. We tested different approaches to analyze the clustering: a traditional window-based approach, a complex network-based technique (Nearest Neighbor - NN), and a novel approach based on fractal analysis. The case study is the increase in seismicity observed in Molise, southern Italy, from April to November 2018. To analyze the seismicity in detail with the above-mentioned methods, an improved template-matching catalog was created. A stochastic declustering method based on the Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model was also applied to add probabilistic information. We explored how the significant discrepancies in these methods’ results affect the result of NESTORE (NExt STrOng Related Earthquake) algorithm – a method to forecast strong aftershocks during an ongoing cluster – previously successfully applied to the whole Italian territory. We performed a further analysis of the spatio-temporal pattern of seismicity in Molise, using the principal component analysis (PCA), the ETAS algorithm, as well as analyses, aimed at detecting possible migration and diffusion signals. We found a relative quiescence of several months between the main events of April and August, the tendency of the events to propagate upwards, and a migration of the seismicity consistent with a fluid-driven mechanism. We hypothesize that these features indicate the presence of fluids, which are also responsible for the long duration of the sequence and the discrepancies in cluster identification methods. Such results add to the other pieces of evidence of the importance of the fluid presence in controlling the seismicity in the Apennines. Moreover, this study highlights the importance of refined methods to identify clusters and encourages further detailed analyses of anomalous sequences.
Restorative seeding controls annual invasive species, but perennials can thrive in the long term despite treatments in sand grassland restoration
Authors: Saradi Nora , Reis Bruna Paolinelli , Csákvári Edina , Csonka Anna Cseperke , Vörös Márton , Verebényiné Krisztina Neumann , Török Katalin , Halassy Melinda
Published: June 2024

Biodiversity loss caused by invasive alien species is a major problem in planetary perspective. Ecological restoration is an important tool to counteract invasions, but invasive species may negatively affect restoration if present in the landscape. We investigated long-term changes in annual and perennial invasive alien species abundance in three sandy grassland restoration experiments. We evaluated the dependence of annual and perennial invasive species abundance on initial restoration intervention, invasive species propagule pressure from the surrounding landscape, and time since interventions. Restoration interventions (seeding, mowing and carbon amendment) were conducted at a total of eight sites in the Kiskunság region of Hungary. The interventions took place between 1995 and 2003 and were monitored for 17–25 years. To assess invasive propagule pressure around the experimental sites, total shoot numbers in adjacent 1 m by 1 m plots along 100-meter-long transects were counted in 2020–2021 from the center of the eight experimental sites. Invasive propagule pressure within a 100-meter buffer did not explain changes in the abundance of annual and perennial invasive species. The cover of annual invasive species has mostly decreased over time, and treatment (mainly seeding) could accelerate this process. The cover of perennial invasive species increased over time irrespective of applied treatments and landscape invasive propagule pressure. Our research showed that seeding with native species is an effective tool for restoring sandy grasslands and preventing the spread of annual invasive species, but our toolbox for preventing perennial invasion in grassland restoration is limited.
Novel Metrics for Tracking Blood Pressure Changes in Continuous Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimations
Authors: He Shan , Bolic Miodrag
Published: June 2024

Recent studies revealed the importance of tracking continuous blood pressure (BP) changes in monitoring and controlling hypertension and diagnosing cardiovascular diseases. However, current evaluation protocols utilize distance measures as primary metrics, which cannot properly evaluate the ability of the estimation model to track BP change. This paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation framework which evaluates the distance and trend similarity metrics, and the composite metric of both between the reference and estimated BPs. The results of applying both widely used conventional metrics and the new proposed metrics for BP estimations are demonstrated in an example of comparing the reference with a set of different BP estimations.Then, the metrics are applied to BP estimations obtained using state-of-the-art (SOTA) algorithms. It is shown that even though SOTA algorithms have a low mean and standard deviation of absolute difference, they are not capable of tracking short-termblood pressure changes. Therefore, we suggest that the proposed evaluation framework should be used regularly in evaluating continuous BP monitoring systems.
“I will take part in the revolution with our people”: A qualitative study of healthcare workers' experiences of violence and resistance after the 2021 Myanmar coup d’etat
Authors: Haar Rohini J. , Crawford Katerina , Fast Larissa , Win Than Htut , Rubenstein Leonard , Blanchet Karl , Lillywhite Louis , Tint-Zaw Nicholus , Mon Myo-Myo
Published: June 2024

Background
In Myanmar, ongoing conflict since the 2021 military coup d’etat has been characterized by targeted violence against health workers (HWs), particularly those participating in the pro-democracy movement. Existing knowledge about the challenges faced by health workers in Myanmar is scant, including their perspectives on mitigating their suffering and the broader impact on community health. This knowledge gap prompted our study to assess the extent of the violence, its impact on the workers and the community, and identify resource priorities.
Methods
This qualitative study employed purposive and snowball sampling to recruit health workers affiliated with the Civil Disobedience Movement (CDM). We interviewed 24 HWs in Myanmar between July and December 2022, predominantly physicians and nurses. We used a semi-structured interview guide and conducted interviews remotely due to the security situation. We adopted content analysis to understand participation in the CDM movement, experiences of violence, personal and professional impacts, the sequelae to community health, how HWs responded as well as their ongoing needs.
Results
Thematic content analysis revealed that violence was both individually targeted and widespread. Health workers faced professional, financial, and personal impacts as a result. The health system as a whole has been severely diminished. Health workers have had to adapt to continue to provide care, for example some fled to rural areas and worked clandestinely, exchanging their services for food and shelter. In those settings, they continued to face insecurity from airstrikes and arrests. Health workers have also experienced moral distress and burden due to their resistance and protest against the regime.
Conclusion
The coup and ensuing violence severely disrupted the healthcare system, resulting in shortages of supplies, reduced quality of care, and exacerbated challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite facing significant hardships, HWs remained resilient, engaging in resistance efforts within the CDM and seeking support from local communities and international organizations. They expressed a need for increased awareness, financial assistance, and concrete support for the health system to address the crisis.
Factors associated with deer vehicle collisions in South Carolina (SC), USA
Authors: Sharma Sanjeev , Khanal Puskar
Published: June 2024

Every year in the United States, approximately 1.5 million deer–vehicle collisions (DVCs) occur, resulting in >200 human fatalities, >29,000 human injuries, 1.3 million deer fatalities, and >1 billion dollars’ worth of property damage. However, there was a lack of studies implementing machine learning techniques from the state level to evaluate the factors affecting DVCs. Data on DVCs on roads are valuable to reduce the occurrence of DVCs and to assist in planning. We utilized the data from 2018 to 2021 provided by Department of Transportation and Safety. The finding suggests that DVCs occurred more frequently near the developed areas, cultivated land and woody wetland and in October, from 8:00 PM to 10:00 PM and 6:00 AM to 8:00 AM. The accuracy scores 0.56 and 0.63 were obtained from machine learning and artificial neural network, opening the door for future research on more factors that affect DVCs.
A novel dual pH-responsive CMC/OHA/SA antibacterial hydrogel
Authors: Xiao Jiajun , Liang Yanming , Sun Ting , Liu Ming , he xiaoning
Published: June 2024

Background
Within the clinical realm, the complexities of wound healing have consistently presented formidable challenges. Recent advancements, notably in hydrogel technologies, have broadened the therapeutic spectrum. This study focuses on introducing a novel dual pH-responsive composite hydrogel for wound healing. This hydrogel is ingeniously designed to maintain an optimal moist environment, expedite healing, and combat bacterial infection during wound recovery.
Methods
This study presents a new polysaccharide hydrogel formulation, combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA), and sodium alginate (SA) and incorporating the antibiotic tobramycin (TOB) to create the antibacterial hydrogel CMC-OHA-SA-TOB. Hydrogel cross-linking was verified using infrared spectroscopy, and the microstructure was examined with scanning electron microscopy. We explored its swelling and degradation behaviors in different pH environments. The drug release profile was determined, and biocompatibility was evaluated via cytotoxicity and hemolysis assays. The hydrogel's antibacterial efficacy was tested in both solid and liquid media. Additionally, Sprague–Dawley (SD) rat wound models were employed to investigate the hydrogel's wound healing capabilities in vivo.
Results
The experimental outcomes reveal that the CMC-OHA-SA-TOB hydrogel was effectively cross-linked, forming a network structure. The hydrogel exhibited pronounced responsiveness in its swelling and degradation characteristics, significantly influenced by variations in pH levels. In vitro assessments demonstrated that the CMC-OHA-SA-TOB hydrogel exhibits limited cytotoxicity and hemolysis, coupled with a pH-responsive drug release profile. Sustained antibacterial activity of the hydrogel against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli was confirmed. Furthermore, in vivo experiments underscored the hydrogel's proficiency in promoting wound healing, highlighting its potential for clinical applications.
Conclusions
Consequently, the CMC-OHA-SA-TOB hydrogel not only fosters a moist environment essential for wound healing and enhances structural stability, but it also exhibits functional dual pH-responsive capabilities in swelling and degradation. These distinctive abilities enable the precise release of tobramycin, thereby optimizing wound healing.
Evaluation of sediment transport in primary tributaries of the Yellow River based on RUSLE and SEDD models: A case study of the Wanchuan River Basin
Authors: Liu Xingyu , Li Xiaodan , Zhang Xiaoning , Nian Lili , Lin Zihang , Yang Jiali , Hui Caihong , Zhang Miaomiao , Wu Yingying , Zhao Qiqi , Liu Hongyan , Yang Haiyu , Qu Fei , Lei Jiaojiao , An Yan , Zhang Lide , Wang Lina , Ma Jin , Yang Xuan , Liu Xuelu
Published: June 2024

Soil erosion in the Loess Plateau region has been the most serious ecological problem in Northwest China and even North China. A large amount of soil erosion occurs in the mainstream and tributary areas of the Yellow River, which reduces the soil properties of the basin, increases the amount of sand production and siltation in the water flow, and seriously affects the water quality and ecological environment along the shoreline. The Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model is widely used worldwide to simulate soil erosion, and its required data are less demanding to obtain. Meanwhile, in order to improve the practicality of the model and facilitate its use in future work, a combination of RUSLE and sediment delivery ratio (SDR) was used to simulate soil erosion in the watershed. Therefore, the Wanchuan River watershed, a first-class tributary of the Yellow River located in Yuzhong County, Lanzhou City, the capital city of Gansu Province, which is located in the Loess Plateau region, with a large difference between the north and south topographies and a high degree of natural erosion, was selected as the study area in this study. By combining different RUSLE model factors, combining measured data and field sampling data, and using the SEDD model to select the most suitable model construction method for the region, the most suitable factor for estimating the average annual soil loss and sediment transport in the Wanchuan River Basin was selected as a combination of the Craw and the R factors generated by the average annual rainfall. It is hoped that the related research will provide feasible suggestions and theoretical references for soil erosion simulation in the main stream and first-level tributaries of the Yellow River.
Using the received signal strength indicator and machine learning to enhance the security of vehicular ad-hoc networks
Authors: Abdelkreem Eslam , Hussein Sherif , Tammam Ashraf
Published: June 2024

A vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a wireless network established between vehicles and surrounding infrastructure to enable information exchange between them. Consequently, many applications that can enhance passengers' security assurance and traffic flow are built upon this information. However, malicious nodes can manipulate the exchanged data to attack other nodes and disrupt the network’s normal behavior. For example, if an attacker broadcasts a falsified vehicle’s location, the functionality of applications that rely on accurate location sharing will be confused, and deadly accidents may occur. Thus, many studies have been conducted to implement Misbehavior Detection Schemes (MDSs) to identify position spoofing attacks in VANET. However, the performance results of these MDSs are limited in detecting some attack types, and most of them rely on application layer features that the attacker can alter before transmission to evade the detection model. So, this paper proposes an MDS for position falsification attack detection that employs a physical-layer-based feature called RSSIConf. The RSSIConf feature relies on the Received Signal Strength Indicator of received messages and its confidence intervals at different confidence levels and distances. The evaluations show that the proposed model outperforms existing approaches, where the improvements range between 0.76% to 13.26% in accuracy and 0.74% to 12.71% in F1-Score, depending on the detected attack type.
Homogeneous Microstructure Improving the Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties of Lead Alloys by Stirring Treatment
Authors: Jiang Cheng , Zhou Yingping , Xu Ruidong , Chen Buming , Huang Hui , Guo Jun , Tao Yi , Gao Chao , Guo Zhongcheng
Published: June 2024

Homogeneous microstructure in lead alloy matrix plays an important role in improving its mechanical and electrochemical properties. In this work, different stirring speed provided during the melt casting of the alloy are tended to obtain lead alloys with different microstructure. The results show that proper stirring speed is beneficial for improving the overall homogeneity of the alloy, however, as the stirring speed is too high, plenty of second phase impurities and defects produced in the lead matrix, which possesses negative effect on the mechanical and electrochemical properties. The most uniform composition and homogeneous microstructure was obtained when the stirring speed is 100 r/min, which is conducive to the decrease of oxygen evolution potential of 30 mV and charge transfer resistance of 22.77%, and the increase of the corrosion resistance of 1.49%, and promote the generation of the uniform and dense PbO2 protective layer.
Analysis of temporal and spatial changes of ecological quality and its influencing factors in Guangdong Province
Authors: Guo Qing , Hou Yu
Published: June 2024

Ecological quality and its influencing factors are important contents of ecological security in Guangdong Province. As the representative of China's high-quality development, maintaining its ecological security is of great significance to China's ecological construction. Based on the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI), this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial changes of ecological quality and its influencing factors in Guangdong Province from 2000 to 2023. According to ENVI and Arcgis software, the spatial and temporal changes of ecological quality in Guangdong Province and the spatial correlation of RSEI in Guangdong Province are calculated and drawn. At the same time, R2 of OLS and MGWR models is fitted to verify the linear fitting relationship between influencing factors and RSEI in Guangdong Province. The research results show that: (1) the development of RSEI in Guangdong Province generally shows a downward trend from 2000 to 2023; (2) The change trend of RSEI in Guangdong Province is different in different periods; (3) The RSEI in Guangdong Province shows strong spatial auto-correlation; (4) The relationship between potential influencing factors and RSEI is not only positive, but also negative. Based on the above conclusions, the article puts forward corresponding policy suggestions.
Supplementing Inorganic with Organic Nitrogen Sources Augments Microbial Dynamics favoring Yield in Rice Ecosystem
Authors: Deka Nikunja Chandra , Kumari Gayatri , Nath Tankeswar
Published: June 2024

Microorganisms play crucial role in the ecosystem building. Their presence or absence in a particular environment are indicative of the web of interactions they undergo to impact the life of other components of the system. The current experiment was undertaken in rice-rice cropping sequence to understand the changes in composition of microorganism as a result of interaction of herbicide and different nutrient sources added to soil under lowland area. The experiment was divided into two simultaneous studies, i.e. field experiment and metagenomic study, to obtain the rice yield and soil microbial dynamics, respectively. Pooled soil samples were collected from rice field with constant herbicide application, i.e. Pyraszosulfuron (pre-emergent) @25g/ha + 2, 4-D (post-emergent @0.5 kg/ha), but with 5 different sources of nutrients, viz, T0- absolute control, T1- 100% N-P2O5-K2O through inorganic fertilizers (recommended dose of 40-20-20 kg/ha)), T2- 75% N through inorganic + 25% N through FYM (P2O5 & K2O recommended doses), T3- 75% N through inorganic + 25% N through vermicompost (P2O5 & K2O recommended doses) and T4- 75% N through inorganic + 25% N through crop residues and bio-fertilizer (P2O5 & K2O recommended doses). Based on the amplicon DNA sequencing approach, it was observed that though there was overall increase in bacterial phyla, viz., Chloroflexi, Actinomycetes, Euryarchaeota, Firmicutes in all the treatments from 0 days after transplanting (DAT) to physiological maturity of plant, where, soil treated with vermicompost (TH3) showed a dramatic increase in the population of Firmicutes. Amongst fungal populations, Actinomycetes increased in all the soils from 0 DAS to physiological maturity, the increase was lowest in soil treated with vermicompost while it was highest in soil having crop residues (T4). The results were concomitant to the biological yield of rice that was observed highest in the soil treated with vermicompost along with inorganic fertilizers. The results could be attributed to the favourable niche provided by vermicompost that resulted in synthesis and release of plant hormones, metabolites and antibiotics by the bacterial population leading to dominance of the bacteria as compared to the other treatments.
Enantioselective formal [4π+2σ] cycloaddition of bicyclobutanes with nitrones enabled by asymmetric Lewis acid catalysis
Authors: Feng Jian-Jun , Wu Wen-Biao , Yang Xue-Chun , Wu Feng , He Heng-Xian , Zhang Xu
Published: June 2024

The absence of catalytic asymmetric methods for synthesizing chiral (hetero)bicyclo[n.1.1]alkanes has hindered their application in new drug discovery. Here we demonstrate the achievability of an asymmetric polar cycloaddition of BCB using a chiral Lewis acid catalyst and a bidentate chelating BCB substrate, as exemplified by the current enantioselective formal [4π+2σ] cycloaddition of BCBs with nitrones. In addition to the diverse BCB incorporating an acyl imidazole group or an acyl pyrazole moiety, a wide array of nitrones are compatible with this Lewis acid catalysis, successfully assembling two congested quaternary carbon centers and a chiral aza-trisubstituted carbon center in the pharmaceutically important hetero-bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane product with up to 99% yield and >99% ee.
TRANSCENDENTALISM, NATURALISM AND ONTOLOGY
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, BELOUSOV MIKHAIL
Published: June 2024

The opposition between transcendentalism and naturalism plays a key role in discussions about consciousness at the confluence of phenomenology and analytical philosophy. Associated with it is a whole range of research programs. However, the opposition between transcendentalism and naturalism in these programs is, as a rule, operational and not thematic in nature and presupposes that 1) Transcendentalism and naturalism as traditions are initially alien to each other; 2) The domain of their opposition is ontology. The article attempts to problematize these premises based on one historical circumstance. Turning to the texts of Kant, the founder of transcendental philosophy, I intend to show that transcendentalism, which was first substantiated in them, is a version of naturalistic ontology, that is, a peculiarly interpreted naturalism that identifies nature with its natural scientific model and excludes constituting subjectivity from ontology. It is built not on the naturalization of phenomenology, but on the transcendentalization of natural science. Reinterpreting the experimental method in the spirit of the Copernican turn, Kant substantiates the apodictic nature and lack of alternative to the ontology of nature by turning nature into a correlate of consciousness and strictly limiting the principles of mathematical natural science to the boundaries of the phenomenal world. As a result, the true theme of philosophy—the thing in itself and transcendental subjectivity itself—is taken beyond the boundaries of ontology. The thematization of the naturalistic origins of transcendentalism and the removal of transcendental consciousness beyond the boundaries of ontology, carried out within its framework, thus reveals the problematic nature of these premises. The article also demonstrates that, despite significant differences in the understanding of transcendental philosophy and ontology between Kant and Husserl, the identified motives—the naturalistic nature of the ontological foundation and the meta-ontological character of transcendental subjectivity—remain of fundamental importance for the founder of phenomenology. This allows us to conclude that ontology is not the original domain of confrontation between transcendentalism and naturalism and to substantiate the compatibilist thesis according to which transcendentalism is compatible with ontological naturalism.
THE VARIETY OF INVARIANCE IN FORMAL AND REGIONAL ONTOLOGIES
Authors:   International Laboratory for Logic, Linguistics and Formal Philosophy, School of Philosophy and Cultural Studies, HSE University, DRAGALINA-CHERNAYA ELENA
Published: June 2024

The paper examines the invariance principles proposed by the analytical and phenomenological traditions for demarcating the boundaries of formal and regional ontologies. The principle of invariance with respect to isomorphic transformations, generalizing Alfred Tarski’s criterion for logical concepts, is extended to formal ontology as the theory of manifolds in its phenomenological interpretation. Isomorphism types, which are abstract individuals of the highest order, hypostases of forms of all possible ontologies, are considered as model-theoretical analogs of manifolds. The correlativity of the phenomenological principles of demarcation of ontological regions and the criterion of invariance with respect to isomorphic transformations is demonstrated, leading to the convergence of logic and formal mathematics in both traditions and, at the same time, to the exclusion of geometry from formal ontology. Particular attention is paid to the discussion of the analytical and phenomenological traditions of the synthetic (material) a priori and the contribution that Wittgenstein’s doctrine on internal relations at different stages of its evolution makes to this discussion. The paper reveals the basis for later Wittgenstein’s criticism of his earlier project of creating a phenomenological language for expressing internal regional relations (such as the colours exclusion). The paper shows how Wittgenstein’s doubts about the possibility of an ideal notation based on the dichotomy of the logical and phenomenological led him to the study of invariants arising in language games. These invariants are not determined by the special properties of the categorical objects of formal ontology or the structures of regional subject matter, but are stable equilibria generated by the “consensus of actions.” New perspectives are outlined that are opened for logic and phenomenology by switching focus from the invariants of ontological structures to the invariants of structured interactions of various agents.
SINN AND ITS SHADOW. TERMINOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF HUSSERL’S CONCEPTION OF NOETIC-NOEMATIC STRUCTURES OF PURE CONSCIOUSNESS
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, MOLCHANOV VICTOR
Published: June 2024

The methodological premise of the investigation is the meta-difference between foreground and background as a necessary element of any difference, including the difference between conceptual and terminological types of analysis of philosophical texts. The topic of terminological analysis is the function of the terms that make up the framework of concepts, the methods and justifications for their introduction. The role of D.Hume, who was the first to draw attention to the difference in the meaning of the same word in natural and philosophical languages, is noted. More general questions are formulated regarding the prerequisites of terminological analysis: what is a term, what experience underlies the very process of introducing terms, are terms a necessary building material of philosophical texts or a necessary evil? The prerequisites for terminological analysis include the differences between a term and a word, as well as a term and a metaphor. Husserl’s concept of noetic-noematic structures is considered in terms of the difference between conceptual and terminological dimensions. The research focuses on the functions of “sense” as an intermediary between natural language and philosophical terminology. The prerequisites for the introduction of the terms “noesis” and “noema” are identified; in the first case, this is the traditional scheme of hylomorphism, in the second, the postulate of the identity of what is perceived during normal and abnormal perception. A comparison is made between Husserl’s expression “sense does not burn” with M.Bulgakov’s aphorism “manuscripts do not burn.” Husserl’s division of two types of consciousness (positional and neutral or shadow) reveals the incorrectness of Husserl’s description of the difference between the foreground and background of perception. Husserl’s description of “neutralization” is subjected to critical analysis using the example of the perception of Durer’s engraving. The final section of the article examines attempts to correlate the meaning of the word “sense” with experience, compares the role of the terms “sense” and “concept,” and also analyzes Husserl’s “generalization of the idea of meaning,” or expansion of the meaning of the term “sense.” Finally, a distinction is made between a methodology of separation, which corresponds to the boundary-setting function of terms, and a methodology of differentiation of differences, which implies the differentiating function of terms.
HOW COULD HUSSERL’S THEORY OF THE BODILY SELF-CONSTITUTION OF THE EGO HELP BRIDGE THE EXPLANATORY GAP?
Authors:   Faculty of International Management and Business, Budapest Business University, MAROSAN BENCE PETER
Published: June 2024

The explanatory gap—the apparently ineliminable chasm between physical, bodily processes and states on the one hand, and subjective, lived experience on the other—belongs among the greatest problems of contemporary philosophy of mind and empirical research concerning consciousness. According to some scholars—such as eliminativist philosophers like Paul and Patricia Churchland—it is a pseudo-question. However, in our interpretation, an accurate phenomenological reflection on one’s own consciousness convinces the attentive and careful philosopher that it is very much a real question—and in fact a crucial one. The present paper endeavours to show how Husserl’s theory of the bodily self-constitution of the ego could help us, not to close the explanatory gap in a reductionist manner, but rather to bridge this gap by rendering apparent the necessary connection between the subjective, phenomenal side of experience and its bodily basis. In this interpretation, Husserl’s conception of embodiment could even provide a more rigorous and firmer theoretical foundation than any which currently undergirds empirically related research regarding the origins of consciousness in the natural world. In the first half of the study, I outline Todd Feinberg and Jon Mallatt’s attempt to bridge and, in a further step, to eliminate the explanatory gap, in which they proceed from the external world to the interiority of mind. The second part of the paper presents a phenomenological analysis that aims to demonstrate that a Husserlian attempt would follow the opposite direction: from the inside proceeding outwards towards the external, physical reality.
Critical review on physiological aspects of Samana Vata
Authors: Gopika S  , Pratibha V Kulkarni
Published: June 2024

Background: Samana Vata which is located near the seat of Agni and it have role in digestion as well as in the assimilation of ingested food. Anna Grahana, Pachana, Vivechana and Munchan are the functions of Samana Vata. The physiological functions of Samana Vata can be correlated with enteric nervous system which is known as the second brain, and parasympathetic and sympathetic supply of autonomic nervous system. ENS functions by maintaining the enteric homeostasis and also act as modulator in gut barrier functions. After the food reaches stomach, several digestive juice acts on it. Gastric juice, pancreatic juice, all contains important digestive enzymes and act on food. Secretion of this enzyme is mostly under the control of intrinsic and extrinsic enteric nervous system. Aims and Objective: To critically analyse the concept of Samana Vata and find out the correlation with modern physiology. Materials and Methods: Literature review was referred from different classical text books and relevant modern textbooks, articles, data bases like google scholar, pubmed. Conclusion: Samana Vata chiefly locates in the middle part of body. It is primarily responsible for stimulation of Agni and leads to digestion, absorption, separation of essence and waste material. Function of Samana Vata, described by Acharyas can be compared with the physiological function of enteric nervous system. It can be partially correlated with enteric nervous system, sympathetic and parasympathetic supply of autonomic nervous system.