bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ant Lion Optimization Algorithm (ALOA) Based Secure Vm Allocation Strategy for Protecting Against Co-Residence Attack in Energy Efficient Cloud
Authors: Veena V , Periyasamy P
Published: January 2024

Virtual machines (VMs) with fluctuating resource requirements are hosted on servers with various configurations, which constitute the bulk of cloud computing. Furthermore, in a networked environment, co-located VMs are susceptible to co-resident attacks (CRA). Degradation in security and performance may result from these two problems, which can also lead to assaults on the service and inconsistent utilization of resources on the server. In this research proposes a safe, workload-balanced, and energy-effective virtual machine allocation technique for preventing such co-residence attacks. To be more precise, formulate the issue as an optimization problem and evaluate and minimize three main aspects: (1) power consumption, (2) security threats, and (3) uneven workloads across several physical servers. Additionally, this research assumes a random number of VMs from various users coming at random times, which necessitates a continuously changing optimization approach in order to account for a real environmental setting. clustering VMs suggest in time windows initially, as the optimization issue is NP-hard. Then, utilize the Ant Lion Optimization Algorithm (ALOA) to determine the best allocation approach for each time window. Extensive findings derived from actual cloud trails confirm the efficacy of the suggested plan.
Docetaxel, Cyclophosphamide, and Epirubicin: Application of PBPK Modeling to Gain New Insights for Drug-Drug Interactions
Authors: Li Tongtong , Zhou Sufeng , Wang Lu , Zhao Tangping , Wang Jue , Shao Feng
Published: January 2024

The new adjuvant chemotherapy of docetaxel, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide has been recommended for treating breast cancer. It is necessary to investigate the potential drug-drug Interactions (DDIs) since they have a narrow therapeutic window in which slight differences in exposure might result in significant differences in treatment efficacy and tolerability. To guide clinical rational drug use, this study aimed to evaluate the DDI potentials of docetaxel, cyclophosphamide, and epirubicin in cancer patients using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. The GastroPlus™ was used to develop the PBPK models, which were refined and validated with observed data. The established PBPK models accurately described the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of three drugs in cancer patients, and the predicted-to-observed ratios of all the PK parameters met the acceptance criterion. The PBPK model predicted no significant changes in plasma concentrations of these drugs during co-administration, which was consistent with the observed clinical phenomenon. Furthermore, the verified PBPK models were then used to predict the effect of other Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitors/inducers on these drug exposures. In the DDI simulation, strong CYP3A4 modulators changed the exposure of three drugs by 0.71–1.61 fold. Therefore, patients receiving these drugs in combination with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors should be monitored regularly to prevent adverse reactions. Furthermore, co-administration of docetaxel, cyclophosphamide, or epirubicin with strong CYP3A4 inducers should be avoided. In conclusion, the PBPK models can be used to further investigate the DDI potential of each drug and to develop dosage recommendations for concurrent usage by additional perpetrators or victims.
Gas-sensitive detection of gas pollutants (CO, CO2, N2O) by single-layer Ti-C2N-V : a DFT study
Authors: liu YAN , boi FILIPPO , zhang leilei , Guo Lifen , Chen Lerui , Ma yanxia , yang biao , Mushtaq Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Recently, the use of efficient gas sensors to detect air pollutants has become one of the key steps for the timely identification of environmental problems. It is very meaningful to develop a gas-sensor that more accurately and efficiently detects certain air pollutants in the environment that are harmful to the human body. In this work, we report on the properties of a novel high-performance gas sensor (Ti-C2N− V) for detection of gas pollutants (CO, CO2, N2O) by using first-principle calculation methods of density functional theory (DFT). The binding energy, recovery time (τ), density of state (DOS), differential charge density, conductivity (σ) and gas sensitivity (S) were investigated. These results provide important insights on the sensitivity of Ti-C2N− V to these three gases is CO2 > CO > N2O. Interestingly, we demonstrate that their sensitivity exhibits values up to 1.61×108, 1.99×1012, and 8.75×1012 at room temperature. These results suggest that the Ti-C2N− V gas-sensor can effectively monitor these three harmful gases, providing a theoretical basis for the practical application of single-layer Ti-C2N− V as a high-efficiency gas sensor for CO, CO2 and N2O.
Clinical heterogeneity of epilepsy and mutation spectrum of voltage-gated sodium channel genes
Authors: Uzair Mohammad , Mir Ali , Basit Sulman , Qaiser Hammad , Baig Deeba Noreen , Bashir Shahid , Albaradie Raidah
Published: January 2024

Mutations in the genes encoding voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) family members are the most frequent cause of epilepsy. This study aims to screen Nav genes (SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN3A, SCN8A, and SCN9A) to identify the sequence variations underlying epileptic phenotypes, including seizures, epileptic encephalopathies, and developmental delays. In this retrospective analysis, medical records of 1526 epilepsy patients were reviewed to extract all the patients who had the following genetic testing done: whole exome sequencing (WES), any next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel, and targeted single-gene testing were used to analyze the patients' genomic DNA sequences. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to analyze and detect the effect of variants on protein structure and stability. Sequence data analysis identified 25 heterozygous variants (4 protein-truncating variants and 21 missense variants) in SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN3A, SCN8A, and SCN9A genes, many of them are novel. Recurrent variants in SCN3A (c.2350A>G) and SCN9A (c.279A>C, c.1482G>T) in multiple individuals were also identified. Several therapeutic drugs, including bromide, phenytoin, oxcarbazepine, valproic acid, and ethosuximide were suggested based on Nav variants identified, which indicates a possible personalized therapeutic approach. Novel variants identified in this work add to the mutation continuum of the Nav genes in the epilepsy phenotype. Moreover, our findings emphasize the wide range of symptoms associated with variants in genes encoding Nav channels, as well as the potential for personalized genomics and personalized therapies.
Distribution Patterns of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus (TOC-TN-TP) in Surface Sediment of Chaoshan Nearshore Waters and Environmental Evaluation Analysis
Authors: Lin Cong , Wang Yang , Jang Junyi , Zhang Yunzhong
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the distribution characteristics and environmental assessment of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) in the surface sediments of the Chaoshan estuary and nearshore waters from 2020 to 2021. By measuring surface sediment samples from 114 stations in Chaoshan near-shore waters, analyzing their TOC, TN and TP contents and distribution characteristics, and evaluating the pollution status by using two methods, namely, Nemero's Comprehensive Pollution Index Method and Ecotoxicity Effect, the sources of organic matter in surface sediments were initially. By comparing the content of TOC, TN, TP and the source of organic matter in the local area of the study area in the past 15 years, and summarizing the change rule, it is of great significance to comprehensively understand the current situation of surface sediment and the ecological risk of pollution in the study area. The results show:The contents of TOC, TN and TP in the surface sediments of the Chaoshan near-shore waters ranged from 0.05–1.36%, 0.006–0.210%, and 0.015–0.112%, respectively; The distribution is higher in the bay than outside the bay, higher at the mouth of the river than in the near-shore area, and gradually decreasing from the shore to the sea.;34.2% of the stations in the study area are at cleaner and above levels, 65.8% of the stations are at light to moderate pollution levels, 71.9% of the area is heavily polluted by TN and meets the criteria for Class II pollution, and 28.1% of the area is polluted by TOC and TP, which are Class I polluted༛Based on the C/N ratio to determine the source of organic matter, the source of organic matter in the surface sediments in the study area is dominated by input from marine sources, and there is a significant correlation between the various factors༛Comparison of localized surface sediments in the study area in the last 15 years revealed that TOC and TN content decreased compared to the historical period, TP content increased, C/N ratio increased compared to the historical period and was greater than 8, and the source of organic matter was dominated by a mixture of inputs from both marine and terrestrial sources.
The Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Comprehensive Analysis of NETs-related Genes
Authors: FANG ZHIHAO , Yu Xiaoxiao , Liu Changxu , Yang Kai , Ji Yanchao , Liu Chang
Published: January 2024

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), prevalent among adults, has become a dominant chronic liver condition worldwide, with a rising incidence of liver cirrhosis. The progression of NAFLD is critically influenced by Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs), which play a key role in its pathogenesis. However, the specific functions of NETs-related genes within NAFLD necessitate further in-depth research. Our team utilized advanced methodologies including AddModuleScore, ssGSEA, and WGCNA for gene screening, identifying NETs-linked genes in single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data. Through algorithms such as Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator, and Selector Operator, we identified ZFP36L2 and PHLDA1 as significant hub genes. Their role in NAFLD diagnosis was validated using the training dataset GSE164760 and further confirmed in an animal model. The study pinpointed 116 NET-associated genes, predominantly involved in immune and metabolic pathways. Notably, PHLDA1 and ZFP36L2 were determined as hub genes via machine learning techniques, contributing to a predictive model. These genes are involved in inflammatory and metabolic processes, with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealing distinct cellular communication patterns based on their expression. In conclusion, this research elucidates the molecular characteristics of NET-associated genes in NAFLD, identifying PHLDA1 and ZFP36L2 as potential biomarkers. By exploring their roles in the hepatic microenvironment, our findings offer significant insights for diagnosing and managing NAFLD, ultimately aiming to enhance patient outcomes.
A Comparative Study on Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles from H. undatus Fruit Peel and its Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Anguraj Aswini , Michael Helan Soundra Rani , Sugumaran Sathish , Madhusudhanan Gogul Ramnath , Sivaraman Rathish Kumar
Published: January 2024

The green synthesis of nanoparticles has gained significant impacts in various fields due to their eco-friendly approach. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized from aqueous extract of H. undatus fruit peel. The presence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was analyzed using characterization methods such as UV-Vis, FTIR, GCMS, XRD, EDAX and FESEM. The synthesized AgNPs showed the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli when compared to S. pneumoniae. The highest antifungal activity was observed against C. albicans than C. tropicalis. IC50 value of antibiofilm activity of AgNPs was recorded as 2.81 µg/ml whereas H. undatus peel extract exhibited the value of 1.34 µg/ml. The invitro antioxidant activity of AgNPs was evaluated using two different methods. A strong DPPH radical scavenging activity of AgNPs and fruit peel extract was observed with the IC50 values of 3.8 and 2.03 µg/ml respectively. On other hand, nitric oxide radical scavenging activity were recorded and IC50 values was calculated to be 2.8 and 2.3 µg/ml. The AgNPs demonstrated thrombolytic activity in human blood with 10, 32.36 and 56.25% lysis. The cytotoxicity of AgNPs possessed minimum activity with an IC50 0.2 µg/ml and peel extract showed the maximum cytotoxicity activity with an IC50 0.3 µg/ml. The findings of this study demonstrate that the synthesized AgNPs from H. undatus peel extract used as a potential candidate for treating prostate cancer.
Utilize multi-metabolic parameters as determinants for prediction of skeletal muscle mass quality in elderly type2 diabetic Chinese patients
Authors: Chen Huiling , Lou Jingjing , Dong Meiyuan , Wen Song , Liu Xintao , Zhou Ligang , Yan Shijie , Liu Xingdang , Yuan Xinlu
Published: January 2024

Background: Sarcopenia, an age-related disorder characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, is recently recognized as a complication in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Skeletal muscles play a crucial role in glycemic metabolism, utilizing around 80% of blood glucose. Accordingly, we aimed to explore the relationship between glucose metabolism and muscle mass in T2DM.
Methods: We employed the AWGS 2019 criteria for diagnosing low muscle mass and 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) diabetes diagnostic standards. This study included data of 191 individuals aged 60 and above with T2DM of Shanghai Pudong Hospital from November 2021 to November 2022. Fasting C-peptide (FPCP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) and postprandial 2-hour C-peptide (PPCP), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), glycated albumin (GA), serum lipids spectrum, renal and hepatic function, hemoglobin, and hormone were measured. Based on the findings of univariate analysis, multivariate regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were established.
Results: Participants with low muscle mass had significantly lower alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, and both FPCP and PPCP levels (P<0.05). Compared with those without low muscle mass, low muscle mass group had significantly higher FPG, HbA1c, GA levels (P<0.05). body fat (BF, OR=1.181) was an independent risk factor for low muscle mass. PPCP (OR=0.497), BMI (OR=0.548), and female (OR=0.050) were identified as protective factors for low skeletal muscle. The AUC of BMI was the highest, followed by the PPCP, gender and BF (0.810, 0.675, 0.647, and 0.639, respectively), and the AUC of the combination of the above three parameters reached 0.895.
Conclusions: In this cross-sectional study, BMI, Female, and PPCP associated with T2DM were protective factors for low muscle mass. BF was associated with T2DM and risk factor for low muscle mass.
The survival benefit of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in the management of breast cancer
Authors: Li Ruoyang , Zhao Xuewei , Huang Yunfei , Li Chunxiao , liu lei , Wang Meiqi , Wang Jiaxing , Song Zhenchuan
Published: January 2024

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the short-term outcomes and prognosis and the cardiac safety of PLD-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) compared to epirubicin-based therapy in breast cancer treatment.
Methods 304 patients diagnosed with stages II and III breast cancer were enrolled including 97 cases treated with PLD and 207 controls treated with epirubicin in neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The effectiveness of the anti-breast cancer treatment was evaluated using overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) metrics, while cardiac toxicity was measured through the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and electrocardiogram (ECG) assessments.
Results The 5-year DFS and OS rates in the PLD group were 84.5% and 88.7% (with 15 recurrences and 11 deaths), while in the control group, these rates were 72.9% and 79.2% (with 56 recurrences and 43 deaths). Regarding cardiac toxicity, there was no significant difference in ECG abnormalities or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decline between the two groups.
Conclusion The study suggests that PLD-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy may provide substantial benefits in terms of DFS and OS, along with a safe cardiac toxicity profile, in patients with stage II-III breast cancer.
Investigating the ecological fallacy through sampling distributions constructed from finite populations
Authors: Torres David , Rouson Damian
Published: January 2024

Correlation coefficients and linear regression values computed from group averages can differ from correlation coefficients and linear regression values computed using individual scores. This observation known as the ecological fallacy often assumes that all the individual scores are available from a population. In many situations, one must use a sample from the larger population. In such cases, the computed correlation coefficient and linear regression values will depend on the sample that is chosen and the underlying sampling distribution. The sampling distribution of correlation coefficients and linear regression values for group averages will be identical to the sampling distribution for individuals for normally distributed variables for samples drawn from infinitely large continuous distributions. However, data that is acquired in practice is often acquired when sampling without replacement from a finite population. Our objective is to demonstrate through Monte Carlo simulations that thesampling distributions for correlation and linear regression will also be similar for individuals and group averages when sampling without replacement from normally distributed variables. These simulations suggest that when a sample from a population is selected, the correlation coefficients and linear regression values computed from individual scores will not be more accurate in estimating the entire population values compared to samples when group averages are used as long as the sample size is the same.
Electrolyte Depletion Triggers Vicious Circles in Fast-Charging Batteries
Authors: Li Linsen , Meng Dechao , Xue Zhichen , Chen Guokang , Zhou Dengke , He Yushi , Liu Yijin , Ma Zi-Feng
Published: January 2024

Fast-charging lithium-ion batteries provide a promising solution to addressing the range anxiety of electric vehicles (EVs) but they face challenges in durability and safety. Kinetically driven lithium-plating on the anode is widely considered as a major bottleneck and has dominated the research attention so far. Here we study fast-charging-induced failures in EV-relevant batteries through lengthscale-bridging, multi-modal correlative imaging techniques. Electrolyte depletion is found to be the first domino to fall, which triggers a wide range of anode failures including the lithium plating and byproducts accumulation. The cathode remains relatively health early on but does exhibit increasing heterogeneity in lithium concentration, particle fracture behaviors, and lattice-structure disorder at the late-stage. These complex electro-chemo-mechanical interplays trigger self-amplifying “vicious circles” and cause severe electrode distortion and even rupture inside the batteries, which become hidden safety threats. This work provides the much-needed, holistic perspectives to developing better fast-charging batteries.
An Examination of Teacher Leaders and a Shared Leadership Approach: Contributions to System Improvement in a School District
Authors:   Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada, Brown Barbara , Friesen Sharon ,   Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
Published: January 2024

There is an emerging body of evidence that recognises the significant role informal teacher leaders play in the pursuit of school and system improvement. This article reports the results of a multi-phase, design-based research study conducted with teacher leaders, assistant principals and principals who participated in a two-year design-based professional learning initiative with the goal of building capacity for instructional leadership and system improvement. The question guiding the study was: In what ways do teacher leaders contribute to system improvement? Three dimensions of focus associated with high-performing systems emerged from the data in connection to the investment in professional capital that contributed to system improvement: (a) enhancing the quality of teaching and learning for school and district improvement, (b) preserving continuous design-based professional learning opportunities, and (c) ensuring opportunities for collaborative learning alongside colleagues and the development of a network of teacher leaders with a shared purpose. Teacher leaders are informal leaders and important members of an instructional leadership team contributing to school and district improvement.
A Qualitative Approach on Impacts of Online Learning Towards University of Cyberjaya Clinical Years Medical Students
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Poo Zhi Jin , Che Hamid Che Husna Izzati ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Subramaniam Revathi ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Rozman Nur Hasya ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Bidin Mohd Zin ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: January 2024

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has taken a toll and impacted most sectors, including the academic field. With this sudden shift away from the classroom in many parts of the globe, some are wondering whether the adoption of online learning will continue to persist post-pandemic, and how such a shift would impact the worldwide education market. Most countries have shifted to online learning in adaptation to the new normal. In this study, we aimed to study perceptions towards the impact of online learning on University of Cyberjaya (UoC) clinical year medical students through a comprehensive interview. A total of 23 participants had joined this study including 13 students with a focus group of another five students, four clinical years lecturers, and an IT staff in UoC. As various people may have different perceptions, a focus group was organised so that students could discuss their experiences in greater depth. The information was gathered through in-depth semistructured questionnaire interviews done via Microsoft Teams. The results were arranged based on topics that were covered, including interactions between lecturers and students during online courses, students’ experiences impacting the effectiveness of online learning, impediments to online learning, and effective approaches to improve online learning. There were 32 codes and 16 themes altogether. Through this study, we conclude that online learning is still beneficial but has limitations due to various factors. Therefore, more efforts still need to be made to improve the quality of online learning, especially for clinical years students.
A Comparative Study on the Radiation Attenuation Properties of Iron and Stony Meteorites: A Case of Mundrabilla and NWA 7629 Meteorites
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, Akdeniz University, 07058 Antalya, Turkey, Eke Canel
Published: January 2024

The goal of this paper is to compare and investigate the radiation attenuation properties of Mundrabilla and NWA 7629 meteorites in terms of the photon, fast neutron and charged particles. The linear attenuation coefficients of Mundrabilla are higher than those of NWA 7629. The half value layers, tenth value layers and mean free paths of NWA 7629 are greater than those of Mundrabilla. The effective atomic number, effective electron density, equivalent atomic number and effective conductivity of the Mundrabilla are nearly constant between 0.015 MeV–15 MeV. Both the exposure build-up factors and energy absorption build-up factors are maximum at 0.8 MeV for Mundrabilla and NWA 7629. The projected/ continuous-slowing-down approximation (CSDA) ranges for charged particles for NWA 7629 are higher than those of Mundrabilla. The fast neutron attenuation of Mundrabilla is better than those of NWA 7629. Consequently, it can be concluded that photon, fast neutron and charged particles attenuation capability of Mundrabilla are better than NWA 7629 due to the nickel content, higher density and higher content of iron.
Formação e desenvolvimento profissional das coordenadoras pedagógicas no acompanhamento do aluno com deficiência em Caxias-MA
Authors: Do Nascimento Franc-Lane Sousa Carvalho , Morais Joelson de Sousa , Carvalho Filha Francidalma Soares Sousa
Published: January 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo: analisar a formação e o desenvolvimento profissional das coordenadoras pedagógicas, em vista da organização e gestão educacional inclusiva da pessoa com deficiência. A metodologia é qualitativa, utilizando-se os métodos dedutivos-indutivos e, como instrumento de investigação, o questionário semiestruturado, e, como técnica, a observação participante. Os resultados apontam que as coordenadoras pedagógicas sentem dificuldades por falta de formação continuada para elas e os professores; não sabem como desenvolver estratégias metodológicas e didáticas que ajudem na aprendizagem dos alunos; falta apoio por parte da Secretaria Municipal de Educação, família e da escola para o acompanhamento dos alunos com deficiências que possa favorecer no desenvolvimento social, afetivo e cognitivo.
CULTURE SHOCK AND CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION IN MAGGIE GEE’S VIRGINIA WOOLF IN MANHATTAN
Authors: DÜZGÜN Şebnem
Published: January 2024

Maggie Gee’s Virginia Woolf in Manhattan (2014) depicts the resurrection of Virginia Woolf in contemporary New York. Having been encultured into the norms of Victorian period and the early twentieth century, Virginia is overwhelmed by an initial sense of estrangement in the modern, multicultural world, whose façade has been shaped by advanced scientific and technological developments and the changes in traditional socio-economic and cultural relationships. When Virginia decides to be deculturated from Victorian culture, she starts to adjust herself to the new world, in which she has a chance to develop herself in a more liberated woman. This study refers to theories on culture shock and cross-cultural adaptation to show that Gee’s Virginia, who moves from the early twentieth-century society dominated by conservative Victorian norms, achieves cross-cultural adaptation into a foreign community by adjusting herself to the rules and values of the global and multicultural twenty-first century world.
Assessing the groundwater quality in Ghana's Nanton District: comprehensive evaluation and implications for sustainable management
Authors: Iddrisu Umar Farouk , Armah Edward Kwaku , Amedorme Bright Selorm , Mbatchou Valentine Chi
Published: January 2024

This study, conducted in the Nanton District of Northern Ghana, assesses groundwater quality for drinking purposes and examines hydrochemical processes. We collected and analyzed 30 groundwater samples, evaluating their physicochemical properties, microbial content, microbial and physicochemical relationship, and hydrochemistry. Utilizing methods such as the weighted arithmetic water quality index (WQI), Gibbs and Piper diagrams, Stiff plots, scatter plots, and correlation matrices, we aimed to comprehensively understand groundwater quality in the district. Physicochemically, our findings indicate that approximately 83.3% of the groundwater is safe for direct consumption without treatment. However, microbial contamination was prevalent in all samples, rendering them unsafe. Parameters such as iron, manganese, color, turbidity, nitrates, sulfate, and pH were identified as potential influencers of microbial survival in the groundwater. Regarding major ions, sodium (Na+) dominated among cations, while bicarbonate (HCO3-) was the primary anion. Water types were categorized as Na-K-HCO3−, Na-K-Cl-SO42−, Ca-Mg-HCO3−, and mixed water, reflecting the hydrochemical composition. Our analysis revealed that rock weathering, evaporation, ion exchange, and human activities influence groundwater chemistry. We recommend further research to assess groundwater availability for sustainable development in the district. Additionally, continued research is encouraged to enhance our understanding of the correlation between coliform bacteria and physicochemical water parameters.
Synthesis and evaluation of novel copper hydroxide-loaded SBA-15 as inhibitors for an oilfield carbonate scale control: an experiment and a model study
Authors: K. El-Sawaf Ayman , Mubarak Mahmoud F. , Selim Hanaa , Hosny Rasha
Published: January 2024

The oil and gas industry faces significant challenges in scaling, leading to financial losses and production decline. This study aims to synthesize solid-scale inhibitors using copper hydroxide-loaded SBA-15 catalysts for the scale removal. The catalysts were synthesized using a simple impregnation method, and characterized using various tests. To evaluate the scale inhibition efficiency, static scale inhibition tests are conducted, measuring the effectiveness of the synthesized inhibitors in preventing scale formation. The results show potential applications for copper hydroxide-loaded SBA-15 solid-scale inhibitors in the oil and gas industry. The inhibitor's efficiency increases under alkaline conditions, while its efficacy decreases with rising pH. At an optimal dosage of 7.5 ppm and temperature of 55 °C, the inhibitor achieves an impressive 99% inhibition efficiency on calcium carbonate, indicating excellent inhibitory performance. This material holds promise for more efficient and cost-effective scaling inhibition solutions across various industrial processes.
Examining factors driving inequities in water, sanitation, hygiene, and waste management services in healthcare facilities in Ghana: An analysis of routine national data
Authors: Dubik Stephen Dajaan , Amegah Kingsley E. , Kwakye Akosua Takyiwa , Ashinyo Mary Eyram
Published: January 2024

In Ghana, little is known about the drivers of inequities of basic water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services in healthcare facilities (HCFs). We aim to examine the status and factors driving access to basic WASH services in Ghana. This survey involved an analysis of routine health service data submitted to the District Information Management System 2 (DHIMS 2). Complete data were available for 1,646 HCFs across Ghana for analysis. Coverage of basic Water, Sanitation and hygiene services was 69, 58, and 64%, respectively. About 50% had a WASH-IPC action plan, and 67% had a WASH-IPC manager who is responsible for the day-to-day WASH management. Regional inequities in access to basic WASH services exist, with the newly established regions and those in Northern Ghana being disadvantaged. Significant drivers of basic WASH services were the location of HCF, the level of service delivery, and availability of a trained facility-based assistant WASH manager. WASH services in Ghanaian HCFs have improved, but it is still not up to the standards set by the Sustainable Development Goals for WASH. Universal access to basic WASH services can be attained by mounting targeted WASH interventions and appointing WASH-IPC managers at all levels of the health system.
Gravis subcutan emphysema a felső végtagon
Authors: Sándor Zoltán , Mátrai Ákos , Mesterházi András , Fekete Árpád , Biró Csaba
Published: January 2024

A Szerzők egy 25 éves nőbeteg poszttraumás felső végtagra és nyaki régióra kiterjedő recidív hajlamú, gravis subcutan emphysemával járó megbetegedését mutatják be. Felvétele napján banális traumát követően bal felső végtagon subcutan emphysema jelentkezett egyéb szisztémás eltérés nélkül. A beteg rapidan romló általános állapota miatt műtét vált szükségessé. Az emphysema kiterjedése fokozatosan nőtt, mielőtt stagnálni, végül regrediálni kezdett volna. Gyógyultan emittálták, az egyhetes kontrollvizsgálaton recidíva, panasz nem került említésre. A páciens emissziót követően egy hónap múlva ismét jelentkezett, ahol az előző alkalomhoz képest proximalisan elhelyezkedő, a bal felső végtag egészére és a nyaki régióra is kiterjedő subcutan emphysema igazolódott. A feltárás, necrectomia ellenére a beteg általános állapota romlani kezdett. Laborértékek szignifikáns eltérést nem mutattak, gázképző kórokozót nem lehetett kimutatni. Kétnaponta sebrevíziók történtek, az operatív és intravénás antibiotikus terápiát nagy áramlású maszkos oxigénterápiával egészítették ki. A beteg általános állapota végül javulni kezdett, sebei reakciómentesen gyógyultak, a subcutan emphysema felszívódott, nem recidivált. Gyógyultan emittálták, kontrollvizsgálatokon megjelent, panasza azóta nincsen.
Performance Analysis of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine as a Pump Energy Source for Agricultural Irrigation using Homer Software
Authors:   Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Ropiudin Ropiudin , Carollina Tania ,   Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Priswanto Priswanto ,   Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Syska Kavadya ,   Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Purwokerto
Published: January 2024

The high cost of fuel has become a significant challenge for farmers in operating water pumps for irrigation in agricultural fields. The pumps are rendered economically inefficient due to the associated high operational costs. Therefore, the proposed solution to address this issue is the utilization of wind energy. Wind energy is converted into electrical energy to power water pumps. This research aims to: determine the average power in the wind use statistical method based on the average of windspeed, evaluate the efficiency of wind power generators, and select the appropriate wind turbine type for installation in the Kedungweru region, Kebumen, Central Java. The study was conducted at the Wind Power Plant (PLTB) in Kedungweru Village, Kebumen Regency, Central Java, and the Laboratory of Thermal Systems Engineering and Renewable Energy at Jenderal Soedirman University. Sampling methods included measuring wind speed, voltage, and current, as well as data from the Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software. The variables of this research were maximum/minimum/average wind speed, electric pump load, power generated by the wind power plant, and the efficiency of wind turbine performance. The results of the study indicate that Kedungweru has a relatively good wind energy potential, with an average wind speed of 4.79 m/s. From the HOMER simulation using 2 AWS HC 650 W wind turbines, the generated electrical energy reached 2,543 kWh/year. Additionally, the simulation showed an electrical surplus of 33.2%, indicating a well-performing system as almost all generated energy can be efficiently utilized without wastage. Thus, the use of wind energy as a renewable resource for irrigating agricultural fields can be an efficient and economical solution to address the high operational costs resulting from expensive fuel prices.
Estimation of Shelf Life of Pegagan Tea (Centella asiatica (L) Urban) using Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) Method with Arrhenius Model
Authors:   Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Purwokerto, Syska Kavadya , Ropiudin Ropiudin ,   Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Rudiyanti Etik ,   Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Purwokerto, Nurhayati Asti Dewi ,   Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Purwokerto, Wahdah Fatimah ,   Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Purwokerto
Published: January 2024

This research aimed to evaluate the shelf life of pegagan (Centella asiatica (L) Urban) tea using the Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) method by applying the Arrhenius Model since its widely known for its various health benefits, including its ability to enhance cognitive function and exhibit antioxidant effects. The ASLT method was employed to accelerate the chemical and physical changes in the product, thereby enabling a shorter estimation of shelf life compared to conventional methods. In this research, samples of pegagan tea were packaged in paper sacks, aluminum foil, and vacuum-sealed plastic and stored at temperatures of 15, 30, and 45 °C for 28 days, with observations conducted every 7 days. The Arrhenius Model was utilized to predict the rate of chemical reactions in the product, taking into account the temperature's influence on these changes. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 5% confidence level. If the ANOVA results showed significant differences, Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was further conducted. The results of the observations indicated that storage temperature and packaging type significantly influenced the yield value and pH value, but had no significant effect on the moisture content of pegagan tea. The estimated shelf life of pegagan tea for 28 days using paper sack packaging at temperatures of 15, 30, and 45 °C was 173, 616, and 195 days, respectively. For aluminum foil packaging, the estimated shelf life was 189, 661, and 205 days at the same temperatures. As for vacuum-sealed plastic packaging, the estimated shelf life was 551, 192, and 597 days at the respective temperatures. The findings of this research are expected to provide valuable information for manufacturers and consumers regarding the shelf life of pegagan Tea. Additionally, the research aims to offer a scientific basis for appropriate packaging and storage practices to better maintain the product's quality.
Quality Changes of Button Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) Under Different Storage Conditions
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Fadhallah Esa Ghanim , Herdiana Novita ,   Universitas Lampung, Susilawati Susilawati ,   Universitas Lampung, Zulferiyenni Zulferiyenni ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: January 2024

Button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) have become an attractive agricultural product due to their high nutritional value and use as food. However, since it has a low shelf life, further storage condition needs to be studied. This research investigated the quality changes of button mushrooms under different storage conditions. The mushrooms were stored both in cold and room temperature. The treatments used are different packaging materials such as Styrofoam, polyethylene, and edible coating, where the unpacked mushroom is used as control. Observed parameters are sensory, water content, and weight loss. Button mushrooms with edible coating at cold and room temperature storage were determined as the best treatment that resulted in the lowest decrease in weight loss and water content. Based on this study, the recommended storage condition for button mushrooms is using edible coating in cold temperatures.
Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Terhadap Edible Coating Berbasis Glukomanan Umbi Porang Pada Produk Bakso Sapi
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Herdiana Novita , Suharyono Suharyono ,   Universitas Lampung, Utomo Tanto Pratondo ,   Universitas Lampung, Afifah Nida Rafa ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: January 2024

Edible coating dapat dibuat dari polisakarida pati umbi porang yang mengandung glukomanan tinggi. Glukomanan mengandung polisakarida mannan yang memiliki kemampuan membentuk lapisan film, namun masih perlu dilakukan penambahan Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) agar dapat membentuk lapisan film yang lebih kokoh. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) terhadap edible coating yang diaplikasikan pada produk bakso sapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan satu faktor yaitu konsentrasi Carboxymethyl Celulose (CMC) 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dan 6%. Setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Data yang diperoleh diuji kesamaan ragamnya dengan uji Bartlett dan kenambahan data diuji dengan uji Tuckey. Data kemudian dianalisis sidik ragam dan seluruh data diolah lebih lanjut dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) taraf 5%. Pemilihan perlakuan terbaik menggunakan metode De Garmo berdasarkan hasil dari uji skoring, untuk selanjutnya di uji SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan terbaik adalah dengan penambahan konsentrasi CMC 2% pada edible coating mendapatkan nilai pH sebesar 7.47, nilai viskositas sebesar 109,466 cP dan nilai pH bakso, tekstur bakso dan pengujian sesori mengalami penurunan selama penyimpanan suhu ruang, namun lebih baik dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya.
Ekstraksi Minyak Daun Kemangi (Occmum basilicum L.) Menggunakan Metode Microwave Assisted Hydrodistillation
Authors:   UIN Alauddin Makassar, Tanrisannah Tanrisannah , Febryanti Amalyah ,   UIN Alauddin Makassar, Chadijah Sitti ,   UIN Alauddin Makassar
Published: January 2024

Ekstraksi minyak daun kemangi menggunakan metode Microwave Assisted Hydrodistillation (MAHD) telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya dan waktu yang baik yang diperlukan untuk mengekstraksi minyak daun kemangi sehingga rendemen yang tinggi dihasilkan. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode MAHD dengan pelarut air dan daya (400, 500, dan 600 W) serta waktu (30, 45, dan 60 menit). Karakterisasi minyak atsiri meliputi identifikasi warna, berat jenis, indeks bias dan kelarutan dalam alkohol 80% dan analisis GC-MS. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini rendemen tertinggi minyak kemangi dengan metode MAHD sebesar 1.16% dengan daya 500 W selama 45 menit. Minyak kemangi yang dihasilkan berwarna kuning dengan indeks bias 1.48 dan berat jenis 0.95 g/m3. Minyak ini tampak keruh ketika dilarutkan dalam etanol sehingga diduga minyak atsiri yang diekstrak ini belum terlalu murni. Hasil analisis GC-MS dengan waktu retensi 30 menit menunjukkan bahwa minyak kemangi mengandung senyawa sitral (46.19%); neral (55.97%); geraniol (2.99%); geranil asetat (0.78%); dan linalool (0.76%). Dengan demikian, ekstraksi dengan metode ini sangat perlu dikembangkan agar kualitas minyak atsiri yang diperoleh lebih baik lagi.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Taksasi Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) Kelapa Sawit Berbasis Android
Authors:   Universitas Padjadjaran, Nugraha Adittia Hary , Thoriq Ahmad ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Pratopo Lukito Hasta ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Sampurno Rizky Mulya ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Afrizal Sulwani Husna ,   Universitas Padjadjaran
Published: January 2024

Aktivitas panen dan pasca panen Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) merupakan salah satu bagian penting pada industri kelapa sawit. Kegiatan rutin yang dilakukan sebelum panen adalah taksasi atau taksiran tak pasti yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkiraan jumlah produksi TBS yang akan dipanen dalam suatu blok. Kegiatan taksasi biasanya dilakukan satu hari sebelum kegiatan panen. Proses taksasi saat ini masih dilakukan dengan pencatatan data secara manual oleh petugas taksasi yang kemudian data dimasukan ke dalam Microsoft excel sehingga dapat dilakukan proses perhitungan prediksi TBS. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan rancang bangun sistem taksasi TBS berbasis aplikasi Android. Tahapan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini antara lain 1) identifikasi kebutuhan sistem, 2) pengumpulan informasi dan data, 3) pemetaan kebutuhan sistem, 4) perancangan program, 5) pembuatan aplikasi, 6) pengujian aplikasi, 7) perbaikan dan peningkatan. Aplikasi yang telah dibuat terdiri atas frontend dan backend. Frontend merupakan tampilan aplikasi yang dibuat dengan menggunakan bahasa react native, sedangkan backend merupakan program yang berjalan di server untuk menjalankan fitur dan menghubungkan user ke database dan dibuat dengan menggunakan framework express js. Hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan metode blackbox menunjukkan bahwa fitur Android yang dibuat berjalan dengan baik dan aplikasi sudah dapat digunakan untuk kegiatan taksasi di lapangan.
Optimizing Mangrove Conservation through Integrated Landscape Management in Kota Karang, Bandar Lampung
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Tobing Puang Nauli , Nabilah Rizka ,   Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Maulidyah Septi ,   Institut Teknologi Sumatera
Published: January 2024

Mangrove degradation in Bandar Lampung, specifically Kota Karang, Teluk Betung Timur, has left only 9,86% or 6 hectares, causing habitat loss and increased greenhouse gas emissions. This study identifies deficiencies in the government-led mangrove management system, emphasizing individual management leading to overlapping responsibilities and a lack of coordination. The research method employed is descriptive qualitative, incorporating primary data from observations, interviews, and documentation, alongside secondary data and literature studies. Observations encompass the assessment of biophysical elements, ecological indicators, and mangrove reduction due to land conversion. Literature studies focus on identifying soil types, water pH, dissolved oxygen levels, mangrove vegetation types, and principles of integrated landscape management. SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threats) analysis considers stakeholders roles, disaster risks, land conversion, pollution, over-exploitation, and community participation. Findings prompt five strategies: community empowerment, eco-friendly tourism, cross-sector cooperation, enhanced monitoring, and mangrove rehabilitation. Recommendations, rooted in integrated landscape management, target all stakeholders, with a focus on government involvement. This holistic approach addresses identified issues, striving for enhanced mangrove ecosystem sustainability through collaborative efforts and strategic planning, emphasizing the need for coordinated stakeholders action in mangrove conservation.
Rehabilitasi Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Komunal Ngudi Saras di Dusun Jetak, Kabupaten Sleman untuk Mengurangi Amonia Total
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Geraldino Daffa Robbani , Utami Ayu ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta
Published: January 2024

Penurunan kinerja IPAL komunal di Kabupaten Sleman terjadi di beberapa lokasi, salah satunya di IPAL komunal Ngudi Saras. Air hasil pengolahan dari IPAL komunal ini menurut data uji kualitas air Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Sleman memiliki beberapa parameter yang tidak sesuai dengan baku mutu Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia Nomor 68 Tahun 2016 Tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah Domestik yaitu: BOD, COD, dan amonia total. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat perancangan unit filtrasi sebagai rehabilitasi yang dilakukan berdasarkan data efektivitas kinerja IPAL komunal Ngudi Saras. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan melakukan perhitungan evaluasi standar effluent terhadap hasil uji kualitas air limbah pada parameter BOD, COD, dan amonia total. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua macam data, yaitu data primer dan sekunder untuk bahan pada penelitian ini. Sampel air diambil di 4 titik pada IPAL komunal dan 3 titik pada sungai. Didapatkan hasil bahwa parameter amonia total pada perhitungan evaluasi standar effluent masih perlu dilakukan reduksi sebesar 67.4742%. Dengan amonia total yang masih perlu dilakukan reduksi, maka perlu dilakukan pengelolaan berupa rehabilitasi IPAL komunal Ngudi Saras dengan penambahan unit filtrasi. Sehingga jika parameter amonia total telah tereduksi maka air buangan dari IPAL komunal Ngudi Saras tidak akan mencemari lingkungan.