bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Farmers’ Respondents on Awareness and Knowledge of Climate Change in Agriculture in Nagaland State India
Authors: Kath Sesenlo , Kanagasabapathi K.
Published: August 2023

The impact of climate change can be seen on several crops in various regions and gives considerable insight into the anticipated effects on the food production in the North East India. In India particularly North East is taking on a visible shift due to the impact of climate change. Seasons and rainfall patterns change, rivers run dry and springs water no longer sustains communities whose livelihood depends on the existing water system to provide livestock needs, agriculture and household activities. Unplanned urbanization and economic development, deforestation and unsustainable land use in the mountainous region leads to excess surface water runoff, depletion of topsoil and poor operation and maintenance of water have all contributed to the challenge. An attempt has been made to collect the data from 300 farmers respondents based on Population Proportionate to Size (PPS) technique to assess the awareness and knowledge level about the impact of climate change on agriculture. The results revealed that the majority of the respondents were aware of climate change aspects like ‘terms and meaning of climate change’, ‘increasing temperature year after year’, ‘crop damages’, ‘changes in season pattern’, etc. Regarding the knowledge level of the respondents more than half of the respondents (58.00 percent) had a medium level of knowledge followed by low (24.67 percent) and high (17.33 percent) levels of knowledge about climate change and related issues.
Evaluation of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Cultivars under Different Sowing Dates on Yield and Yield Attributes in Non Traditional Area of Northern Telangana Zone (NTZ)
Authors: Sathwik G. P. , Rajanikanth E. , Sampath O. , Chaitanya K. Krishna
Published: August 2023

The field experiment entitled “Evaluation of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)  cultivars under different sowing dates on yield and yield attributes in non traditional area of Northern Telangana Zone (NTZ)”, an experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Polasa, Jagtial during Rabi, 2022. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with ten treatment combinations by replicating thrice. The treatments includes two factors i.e., factor - 1 having two genotypes G1: ISF-764, G2: TSF-1 and factor -2 having five sowing dates D1: 15th October, D2: 30th October, D3: 15th November, D4: 30th November, D5 : 15th December. Among the genotypes of safflower, TSF-1 recorded higher seed yield (1243 kg ha-1) and yield attributing characters viz.; number of heads plant-1 (26.34), number of seeds head-1 (32.34), seed weight plant-1 (42.01 g), seed index (3.71 g), Stover yield (5386 kg ha-1) and biological yield (6629 kg ha-1) over ISF-764. The result showed that among the different sowings of safflower 30th October sowing was recorded significantly higher Yield and Yield attributing characters viz.; number of heads plant-1 (31.24), number of seeds head-1 (35.16), seed weight plant-1 (47.84 g), seed index (3.77 g), seed yield (1412 kg ha-1), Stover yield (6415 kg ha-1) and biological yield (7827 kg ha-1) as compared to 15th November and 30th November, 15th December sowing date respectively and it is on par with safflower crop sown on 15th October. From the study it can be concluded that the genotype TSF-1 sown on 15th and 30th October performed best among all other treatment combinations.
Long-Term Impact of Inorganic Fertilizers and Manures on Maize Yield and Soil Nutrient Status in a Calcareous Inceptisol in India
Authors: Santhoshkumar P. , Sridevi G. , Thiyageshwari S. , Maheswari M. , Gnanachitra M.
Published: August 2023

Long Term Fertilizer experiment was initiated to monitor the continuous manuring and fertilization under intensive cropping changes in soil properties concerning to physical, chemical and biological characteristics and crop productivity. The experimental soil belongs to sandy clay loam soil (Vertic Ustropept) with ten different nutrient management practices followed and replicated thrice by the adoption of Randomised Block Design (RBD). Continuous use of inorganic fertilizer along with Farmyard manure (FYM) could increase the soil nutrients such as KMnO4 – Nitrogen, Olsen – Phosphorous and NNH4OAc – Potassium over five decades. The results revealed that the use of inorganic fertilizer conjoint with FYM at 10t ha-1significantly increased the kernel yield of maize by18.1% and 20.3% higher than 150% NPK and 100% NPK plots in sandy clay loam soil. The important indicator for soil fertility concern is Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) and the build-up of SOC was found in NPK+FYM at 10t ha-1 treatment recorded from 3.0 g kg-1 (1972) to 7.8 g kg-1 (2023). Soil fertility status of the experiment after 50 years had reported as medium in KMnO4- N, medium to high in Olsen - P, high in NNH4OAc - K and medium in SOC status in an Inceptisol. From the study, revealed that, the application of inorganic fertilizer along with FYM at 10 t ha-1 achieved a greater yield and better soil health in a sustainable manner.
Effect of Various Natural Preservatives & Natural Colouring Materials on the Quality of Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) Candy
Authors: Fernandes Janice , Topno Samir E. , Joseph Annjoe V.
Published: August 2023

An experiment was carried out in the Post Harvest Technology laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (Uttar Pradesh) during the year 2022-2023. The experiment consisted of 10 treatments and 1 control. The investigation laid out in Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Ber candy was stored for 80 days at ambient temperature. From storage studies it was revealed that T3 ( jaggery + ginger ) performed best in terms of quality ( taste, flavour, overall acceptibility ) and storage. With a fairly high Benefit-cost ratio of 2.34.On the basis of results it is concluded that treatment T3 be used for commercialization. The results indicated that the quality observations and sensory evaluation are affected by various treatments.
Cuidados de enfermagem aos pacientes com afecções neurológicas: uma revisão integrativa / Nursing care for patients with neurological disorders: an integrative review
Authors: Oliveira Kamila Azevedo de , Barreto David Márcio de Oliveira
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: mapear as evidências existentes sobre os cuidados de enfermagem aos pacientes com doenças neurológicas. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada em outubro de 2022, nas bases de dados BVS, MEDLINE, CAPES e Cochrane Library, foram incluídos estudos completos, disponíveis na íntegra, que abordassem sobre a temática, publicados nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol, no período de 2012 a 2021. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 10 artigos dos quais emergiram duas categorias: cuidados assistenciais apresentando o posicionamento e assistência ventilatória como as intervenções mais frequentes e os cuidados em reabilitação abrangendo em maior frequência as atividades motoras e funcionais. Conclusão: Os resultados são relevantes para o planejamento do cuidado e auxiliam na prevenção de complicações e no processo de recuperação, devendo ser aplicados de forma individual, levando em consideração as sequelas ocasionadas pelas doenças e as necessidades apresentadas pelos pacientes.
Gestational Diabetes and Long-Term Cardiometabolic Health
Authors: Venkatesh Kartik K. , Khan Sadiya S. , Powe Camille E.
Published: August 2023

This JAMA Insights discusses adverse long-term effects of gestational diabetes on the pregnant individual and the exposed fetus.
Oral Mucosal Pigmentation in a Patient With Mycosis Fungoides
Authors: Weiner David M. , Pierog Olivia , Rozati Sima
Published: August 2023

A 53-year-old woman with mycosis fungoides presented with hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa. Examination of the mouth revealed multiple coalescing painless nonpruritic black macules and patches on the tongue, roof of the mouth, and buccal mucosa. What is your diagnosis?
Addressing the Need for Diversity in Scalp Cooling Trials
Authors: Robinson Warner M. , McLellan Beth N.
Published: August 2023

This Viewpoint emphasizes the importance of diverse representation in research on scalp cooling to avoid hair loss during chemotherapy.
Demographic and Academic Productivity Trends Among American Head & Neck Society Fellows Over a 20-Year Period
Authors: McCrary Hilary C. , Meeker Molly , Farlow Janice L. , Seim Nolan B. , Old Matthew O. , Ozer Enver , Agrawal Amit , Rocco James W. , Kang Stephen Y. , Bradford Carol R. , Haring Catherine T.
Published: August 2023

Importance

Historical data reveal that, compared with women, men are more likely to pursue a head and neck surgical oncology fellowship, but little is known about possible gender differences in academic productivity.

Objective

To assess demographic trends and academic productivity among American Head & Neck Society (AHNS) fellowship graduates.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional study used electronically published data from the AHNS on fellowship graduates in the US and Canada from July 1, 1997, to June 30, 2022. Scopus was used to extract h-indices for each graduate.

Exposure

Scholarly activity.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Main outcomes were changes in demographic characteristics and academic productivity among AHNS graduates over time. Data analysis included effect size, η2, and 95% CIs.

Results

A total of 691 AHNS fellowship graduates (525 men [76%] and 166 women [24%]) were included. Over the study period, there was an increase in the number of programs offering a fellowship (η2, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.68-0.89) and an increase in the absolute number of women who completed training (η2, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.38-0.78). Among early-career graduates pursuing an academic career, there was a small difference in the median h-index scores between men and women (median difference, 1.0; 95% CI, −1.1 to 3.1); however, among midcareer and late-career graduates, there was a large difference in the median h-index scores (midcareer graduates: median difference, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.2-6.8; late-career graduates: median difference, 6.0; 95% CI, 1.0-10.9). A higher percentage of women pursued academic positions compared with men (106 of 162 [65.4%] vs 293 of 525 [55.8%]; difference, 9.6%; 95% CI, −5.3% to 12.3%).

Conclusions and Relevance

This cross-sectional study suggests that women in head and neck surgery begin their careers with high levels of academic productivity. However, over time, a divergence in academic productivity between men and women begins to develop. These data argue for research to identify possible reasons for this observed divergence in academic productivity and, where possible, develop enhanced early faculty development opportunities for women to promote their academic productivity, promotion, and advancement into leadership positions.
Geometric Mismatch Promotes Anatomic Repair in Periorbital Bony Defects in Skeletally Mature Yucatan Minipigs
Authors: Singh Srujan , Zhou Yuxiao , Farris Ashley L. , Whitehead Emma C. , Nyberg Ethan L. , O'Sullivan Aine N. , Zhang Nicholas Y. , Rindone Alexandra N. , Achebe Chukwuebuka C. , Zbijewski Wojciech , Grundy Will , Garlick David , Jackson Nicolette D. , Kraitchman Dara , Izzi Jessica M. , Lopez Joseph , Grant Michael P. , Grayson Warren L.
Published: August 2023

Porous tissue‐engineered 3D‐printed scaffolds are a compelling alternative to autografts for the treatment of large periorbital bone defects. Matching the defect‐specific geometry has long been considered an optimal strategy to restore pre‐injury anatomy. However, studies in large animal models have revealed that biomaterial‐induced bone formation largely occurs around the scaffold periphery. Such ectopic bone formation in the periorbital region can affect vision and cause disfigurement. To enhance anatomic reconstruction, geometric mismatches are introduced in the scaffolds used to treat full thickness zygomatic defects created bilaterally in adult Yucatan minipigs. 3D‐printed, anatomically‐mirrored scaffolds are used in combination with autologous stromal vascular fraction of cells (SVF) for treatment. An advanced image‐registration workflow is developed to quantify the post‐surgical geometric mismatch and correlate it with the spatial pattern of the regenerating bone. Osteoconductive bone growth on the dorsal and ventral aspect of the defect enhances scaffold integration with the native bone while medio‐lateral bone growth leads to failure of the scaffolds to integrate. A strong positive correlation is found between geometric mismatch and orthotopic bone deposition at the defect site. The data suggest that strategic mismatch >20% could improve bone scaffold design to promote enhanced regeneration, osseointegration, and long‐term scaffold survivability.
Substrate‐Dependent Anisotropy and Damping in Epitaxial Bismuth Yttrium Iron Garnet Thin Films
Authors: Fakhrul Takian , Khurana Bharat , Nembach Hans Toya , Shaw Justin M. , Fan Yabin , Riley Grant A. , Liu Luqiao , Ross Caroline A.
Published: August 2023

Iron garnets that combine robust perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) with low Gilbert damping are desirable for studies of magnetization dynamics as well as spintronic device development. This paper reports the magnetic properties of low‐damping bismuth‐substituted iron garnet thin films (Bi0.8Y2.2Fe5O12) grown on a series of single‐crystal gallium garnet substrates. The anisotropy is dominated by magnetoelastic and growth‐induced contributions. Both stripe and triangular domains form during field cycling of PMA films, with triangular domains evident in films with higher PMA. Ferromagnetic resonance measurements show damping as low as 1.3 × 10−4 with linewidths of 2.7 to 5.0 mT. The lower bound for the spin‐mixing conductance of BiYIG/Pt bilayers is similar to that of other iron garnet/Pt bilayers.
Device‐Algorithm Co‐Optimization for an On‐Chip Trainable Capacitor‐Based Synaptic Device with IGZO TFT and Retention‐Centric Tiki‐Taka Algorithm
Authors: Won Jongun , Kang Jaehyeon , Hong Sangjun , Han Narae , Kang Minseung , Park Yeaji , Roh Youngchae , Seo Hyeong Jun , Joe Changhoon , Cho Ung , Kang Minil , Um Minseong , Lee Kwang‐Hee , Yang Jee‐Eun , Jung Moonil , Lee Hyung‐Min , Oh Saeroonter , Kim Sangwook , Kim Sangbum
Published: August 2023

Analog in‐memory computing synaptic devices are widely studied for efficient implementation of deep learning. However, synaptic devices based on resistive memory have difficulties implementing on‐chip training due to the lack of means to control the amount of resistance change and large device variations. To overcome these shortcomings, silicon complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (Si‐CMOS) and capacitor‐based charge storage synapses are proposed, but it is difficult to obtain sufficient retention time due to Si‐CMOS leakage currents, resulting in a deterioration of training accuracy. Here, a novel 6T1C synaptic device using only n‐type indium gaIlium zinc oxide thin film transistor (IGZO TFT) with low leakage current and a capacitor is proposed, allowing not only linear and symmetric weight update but also sufficient retention time and parallel on‐chip training operations. In addition, an efficient and realistic training algorithm to compensate for any remaining device non‐idealities such as drifting references and long‐term retention loss is proposed, demonstrating the importance of device‐algorithm co‐optimization.
Interplay between Strain and Defects at the Interfaces of Ultra‐Thin Hf0.5Zr0.5O2‐Based Ferroelectric Capacitors
Authors: Segantini Greta , Manchon Benoît , Cañero Infante Ingrid , Bugnet Matthieu , Barhoumi Rabei , Nirantar Shruti , Mayes Edwin , Rojo Romeo Pedro , Blanchard Nicholas , Deleruyelle Damien , Sriram Sharath , Vilquin Bertrand
Published: August 2023

Hafnium zirconium oxide (HZO) is an ideal candidate for the implementation of ferroelectric memristive devices, due to its compatibility with the complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor technology. Ferroelectricity in HZO films is significantly influenced by the properties of electrode/HZO interfaces. Here, the impact of the interfacial microstructure and chemistry on the ferroelectricity of 6 nm‐thick HZO‐based capacitors, realized by sputtering, with titanium nitride or tungsten electrode materials, is investigated. The results highlight a strong correlation between the structural properties of electrode/HZO interfaces and the HZO ferroelectric performance. Interface effects become significant at low HZO thickness, thus the precise control over the quality of electrode/HZO interfaces allows the remarkable improvement of HZO ferroelectric properties. A double remanent polarization of 40 µC cm−2 is achieved. This work is a new step towards high quality ultra‐thin HZO films with enhanced ferroelectricity for the implementation of ferroelectric tunnel junctions for brain‐inspired computing.
Highly Localized Charges of Confined Electrical Double‐Layers Inside 0.7‐nm Layered Channels
Authors: Chen Bin , Zhai Zhaofeng , Huang Nan , Zhang Chuyan , Yu Siyu , Liu Lusheng , Yang Bing , Jiang Xin , Yang Nianjun
Published: August 2023

A confined electrical double‐layer (EDL) inside nanoporous electrodes has a large capacitance and deviates from traditional ones. Unfortunately, its capacitive mechanism is still unclear. Herein, expanded vertical graphene/diamond (EVG/D) films with regular and ordered 0.7‐nm layered channels are designed and synthesized to serve as an ideal model for understanding confined EDL. A clear overall picture of confined EDL is provided at an atomic resolution with the aid of in situ electrochemical Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations combined with three‐dimension reference interaction site method (3D‐RISM). It is especially interesting that the induced charges in electrode hosts are highly localized with a density far higher than that on a traditional EDL and even close to those of ion batteries. It is proposed that such a high localization of induced charges plays an essential role in the high energy storage efficiency of confined EDL capacitance. This work not only provides a previously unexplored way to refine the mechanism of confined EDL, but also further lays the foundation for understanding the functions of nanoporous or layered materials in electrochemical energy storage.
Exploiting Iodine Redox Chemistry for Achieving High‐Capacity and Durable PEO‐Based All‐Solid‐State LiFePO4/Li Batteries
Authors: Han Qingyue , Wang Suqing , Wang Liguang , Ren Wenhao , Zhang Fangdan , Lu Jun , Wang Haihui
Published: August 2023

Poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)‐based electrolytes are extensively applied to LiFePO4/Li solid‐state batteries on account of their high safety and good flexibility. Nevertheless, the unsatisfactory energy density and inferior lifespan of the batteries still inhibit their large‐scale applications. Herein, graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (GCN)‐assisted‐alkali metal iodides are proposed as multifunctional fillers for PEO‐based electrolytes. GCN is introduced to fix the location of iodine species through adsorption to reduce iodine migration and promote the kinetics of iodine redox reactions. Besides reducing the PEO crystallinity and elevating the ionic conductivity of electrolyte, the incorporation of GCN‐assisted‐alkali metal iodides facilitates lithium migration, constructs a stable interphase on the Li anode, and enables uniform deposition of lithium. Of particular note, extra capacity is provided through iodine redox reactions. The all‐solid‐state LiFePO4/Li battery using GCN‐LiI modified PEO electrolyte (GCN‐LiI‐PEO) delivers a high discharge capacity of 228.4 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C. Superior rate capability with 99.2 mAh g−1 at 10 C and high‐capacity retention of 87.3% after 900 cycles at 0.5 C are also achieved. Moreover, the LiFePO4/Li batteries using GCN‐assisted‐KI or NaI also achieve high capacity and prolonged cycle life. This work opens a promising avenue for pursuing high‐energy density solid‐state batteries.
Measurements and predictions of phase equilibria in quinary system NaCl + KCl + MgCl2 + SrCl2 + H2O (saturated with NaCl) at 308.2 K
Authors: Sang Shi‐Hua , Yang Xiao‐Jun , Feng Zhen‐Hua , Tang Bin‐Bin , Cen Yu‐Qiu , Gao Yun‐Yun
Published: August 2023

Sichuan Basin of China is a typical underground brine enrichment area. In order to develop and utilize the brine resource, it is necessary to study the phase equilibria and phase diagram of brine systems. In this work, the phase equilibria of the quinary system NaCl + KCl + MgCl2 + SrCl2 + H2O (saturated with NaCl) at 308.2 K of the underground brines in Sichuan Basin are measured experimentally by isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The phase diagram, water content diagram, and sodium chloride content change diagram of the quinary system with NaCl saturated are also drawn, respectively. The results show that the phase diagram of the quinary system contains three invariant points, seven isothermal solubility curves, and five solid crystal zones at 308.2 K. In the phase diagram, the KCl crystallization area is the largest, followed by SrCl2·6H2O, KCl·MgCl2·6H2O, and SrCl2·2H2O, while MgCl2·6H2O has the smallest crystallization area. Magnesium chloride in the quinary system has the largest solubility and has strong salting‐out effect on other salts. Furthermore, the unreported mixed ion interaction parameters θMg, Sr and ΨMg, Sr, Cl of Pitzer model are fitted, respectively. Consequently, the solubilities of the quinary system NaCl + KCl + MgCl2 + SrCl2 + H2O at 308.2 K are predicted using the Pitzer model, and the calculated phase diagram at 308.2 K is also plotted in detail. The predicted solubilities of the quinary system were in good agreement with the experimental solubilities. Finally, the study on the phase equilibrium of the quinary system can provide phase equilibrium data for the development and utilization of liquid mineral resources.
Improvement of the rupture strength of MF shell microcapsule by incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles with an optimal content
Authors: Dou Guijing , Lu Zhike , Hu Yahao , Sun Yiheng , Jiang Hanyang , Peng Guangjian
Published: August 2023

Microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCMs) are usually subjected to internal pressure caused by core volume changes or external mechanical stress during service. It is of great importance for individual microcapsule to achieve good mechanical performance to be effective in avoiding the leakage of core material and providing crucial protection to environment. Here, n‐octadecane was selected as core material and different amounts of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were added into the melamine formaldehyde (MF) shell, forming n‐octadecane@MF‐TiO2 hybrid shell MPCMs by in situ polymerization. It has been confirmed that TiO2 nanoparticles had been well embedded in the network structure of MF shell. The doping of TiO2 is beneficial to the inhibition of supercooling and the improvement of the thermal stability for hybrid shell microcapsules. Microcompression tests were conducted to determine the rupture loads of prepared microcapsules. TiO2 nanoreinforcements increase the rupture loads of MF‐TiO2 shell microcapsules and the improvement percentage in rupture load reaches a maximum of 138.14% at TiO2 content of 2 wt.% compared with pristine microcapsules. Crack deflection and pinning may account for the potential strengthening mechanism of the MF nanocomposites. The reinforced MPCMs will contribute to their more promising and widespread applications in thermal energy storage systems.
Genome‐Wide Association Study Identifies the First Germline Genetic Variant Associated With Erdheim‐Chester Disease
Authors: Martínez‐López Javier , Márquez Ana , Pegoraro Francesco , Ortiz‐Fernández Lourdes , Acosta‐Herrera Marialbert , Kerick Martin , Gelain Elena , Diamond Eli L. , Durham Benjamin H. , Abdel‐Wahab Omar , Go Ronald S. , Koster Matthew J. , Dagna Lorenzo , Campochiaro Corrado , Collin Matthew , Milne Paul , Estrada‐Veras Juvianee I. , O'Brien Kevin , Papo Matthias , Cohen‐Aubar Fleur , Amoura Zahir , Haroche Julien , Martín Javier , Vaglio Augusto
Published: August 2023

Objective

Erdheim‐Chester disease (ECD) is rare histiocytosis with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Somatic mutations are key to the pathogenesis of the disease; however, the relationship between germline genetic variants and ECD has not been examined so far. The present study aims to explore the inherited genetic component of ECD by performing the first genome‐wide association study.

Methods

After quality controls, a cohort of 255 patients with ECD and 7,471 healthy donors was included in this study. Afterward, a logistic regression followed by in silico functional annotation was performed.

Results

A signal at the 18q12.3 genomic region was identified as a new susceptibility locus for ECD (P = 2.75 × 10−11; Odds Ratio = 2.09). This association was annotated to the SETBP1 gene, which is involved in clonal haematopoiesis. Functional annotation of this region and of the identified suggestive signals revealed additional genes that could be potentially involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Conclusion

Overall, this work demonstrates that germline genetic variants can impact on the development of ECD and suggests new pathways with a potential pathogenic role.

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Tools to assess employment readiness for colorectal cancer survivors: A scoping review
Authors: Ding Mingshuang , Gane Elise , Wiffen Harry , Johnston Venerina
Published: August 2023

Background

The ability to return to work and remain at work is an important recovery milestone after a cancer diagnosis. With the projected number of colorectal cancer patients of working age likely to increase, it is important to identify when a person is ready to resume work. There are many employment‐related tools available to help people return to work after injury or illness; however, it is unknown which may be suitable for a person with colorectal cancer.

Aim

To identify tools related to employment readiness in colorectal cancer survivors and to chart the relevant factors of employment assessed by these tools.

Method

Literature searches were performed in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase and Medline, the Cochrane library and PsycINFO using search terms around cancer, survivorship and employment to identify all peer‐reviewed articles published in English up to June 2022.

Results

Thirty‐five studies used a total of 77 tools focused on assessing employment issues experienced by people with cancer in general. Four tools were used with colorectal cancer survivors. None considered all relevant employment‐related factors for colorectal cancer survivors.

Conclusion

Tools used to identify return‐to‐work and remain‐at‐work were not specific to colorectal cancer. There are a range of existing tools that collate some, but not all, of the domains and outcome criteria required to meet the employment needs of colorectal cancer survivors. To optimize work outcomes for the working colorectal cancer population, a specified tool is warranted.
How health motivation moderates the effect of vividness on consumption expectations of indulgent food
Authors: Choi Jungsil , Ju Ilwoo
Published: August 2023

The current research examines how the vividness of food depictions affects consumers' consumption expectations of indulgent food items. Through three studies, we found that the level of motivation to be healthy plays a crucial role in determining how vividness impacts their consumption expectations of indulgent food items. Specifically, when consumers are less motivated to be healthy, vividness increases their consumption expectations due to increased attention‐driven involvement with the food information. On the other hand, when consumers are motivated to be healthy, vividness is assumed to increase goal conflict, leading to reduced consumption expectations. Importantly, our research also found that the joint effect of vividness and health motivations on consumption expectations is attenuated when the indulgent food items contain healthy ingredients.
Optimized drug‐coated balloon angioplasty of the superficial femoral and proximal popliteal arteries using the Tack Endovascular System: Tack Optimized Balloon Angioplasty (TOBA) III 24‐month results in standard and long lesions
Authors: Brodmann Marianne , Wissgott Christian , Brechtel Klaus , Lichtenberg Michael , Blessing Erwin , Tarra Trisha , Zeller Thomas
Published: August 2023

Objective

The Tack Endovascular System is a minimal‐metal dissection repair device that is purpose‐built to treat post‐percutaneous angioplasty (PTA) arterial dissections in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The Tack Optimized Balloon Angioplasty (TOBA) III trial evaluated the safety and effectiveness of the Tack Endovascular System in patients with superficial femoral artery (SFA) and/or proximal popliteal artery (PPA) dissection after PTA with a drug‐coated balloon (DCB). The objective of this study is to report the results in the standard‐ (SL) and long‐lesion (LL) cohorts through 24 months.

Design

The TOBA III study was a prospective, multicenter, single‐arm study including patients suffering from Rutherford category 2–4 PAD. Outcomes were assessed according to pre‐specified lesion length in SL ( ≥ 20 mm and ≤150 mm) and LL ( > 150 mm and ≤250 mm) cohorts. Follow‐up was through 24 months.

Results

TOBA III enrolled 201 patients, 169 patients in the SL cohort and 32 in the LL cohort. At 24 months, the Kaplan–Meier estimates of freedom from major adverse events were 91.7% and 82.6% for the SL cohort and LL cohort, respectively. Kaplan–Meier estimates of freedom from clinically driven‐target lesion revascularization (CD‐TLR) were 92.3% in the SL cohort and 82.6% in the LL cohort. At 24 months, 78.8% of SL patients and 69.2% of LL patients experienced an improvement of >2 Rutherford categories (both cohorts p < 0.001). The baseline ankle‐brachial index improved from 0.68 ± 0.18 to 0.93 ± 0.16 in the SL (p < 0.001) and from 0.62 ± 0.23 to 0.87 ± 0.15 in the LL cohort (p < 0.001) at 24 months.

Conclusion

The 24‐month results of the TOBA III trial support the safety and effectiveness of the Tack Endovascular System in patients who required post‐PTA dissection repair in the SFA and PPA following DCB angioplasty for claudication and rest pain. In both the SL and LL cohorts, Tack placement was associated with sustained freedom from CD‐TLR through 24 months as well as sustained improvements in Rutherford categories, ankle‐brachial index, and quality of life.
Synthesis, Structure, and Redox and Optical Properties of 5,10,15,20‐Tetraaryl‐5‐azaporphyrinium Salts
Authors: Kudoh Yuta , Suzuki Emi , Ochiai Hikari , Ise Kakeru , Kimura Yoshifumi , Minoura Mao , Nakano Haruyuki , Matano Yoshihiro
Published: August 2023

The fundamental properties of azaporphyrins can be modulated over a wide range by changing the number of meso‐nitrogen atoms. Reported herein are the first examples of 5,10,15,20‐tetraaryl‐5‐azaporphyrinium (MTAMAP) salts, which were prepared via metal‐templated cyclization of the corresponding zinc(II) and copper(II) complexes of 10‐aryl‐1‐chloro‐19‐benzoyl‐5,15‐dimesityl‐10‐azabiladiene‐ac. The inclusion of one meso‐nitrogen atom in the 5,10,15,20‐tetraarylporphyrin skeleton considerably changes the redox and optical properties as well as the degree of aromaticity of the porphyrin ring. The present findings suggest that MTAMAP salts would be promising scaffolds for the development of new azaporphyrin‐based ionic fluorophores and photosensitizers.
An enhanced DPCA fault diagnosis method based on hierarchical cluster analysis
Authors: Chen Youqiang , Bai Jianjun , Zou Hongbo
Published: August 2023

A large amount of data generated in industrial processes exhibit multi‐modal, nonlinear, time‐domain correlation, and other characteristics. This poses great difficulty for the traditional principal component analysis (PCA) method since it requires that the input data need to conform to the Gaussian distribution. However, the data may have autocorrelation, that is, the data at the current moment will be affected by the past data. To this end, this paper proposes an enhanced dynamic principal component analysis (DPCA) method based on hierarchical clustering analysis. On the basis of the DPCA algorithm, the idea of data classification and enhanced training is used to strengthen the training of the dimensionality reduction matrix. Then, calibration, on‐line monitoring, and fault diagnosis of process data can be conducted. Finally, this paper demonstrates that the performance of the proposed method is greatly improved compared with PCA and DPCA through the Tennessee Eastman process system.
Recent histone deacetylase inhibitors in cancer therapy
Authors: Parveen Roza , Harihar Divya , Chatterji Biswa Prasun
Published: August 2023

Cancer metastasis increases the complexity of the disease and escalates patient mortality. Traditional chemotherapy has been associated with low efficacy and marked side effects. Studies pivot toward histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes and inhibitors because they are critical for chromatin structure, gene regulation, and cellular activities that are linked to metastasis and cancer progression. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) can alter gene expression patterns and can lead to cell‐cycle arrest and apoptosis in neoplastic cells. Several HDACi drugs like vorinostat, romidepsin, panobinostat, and belinostat are approved by the Food and Drug Administration. China and Japan have approved the use of tucidinostat, a new subtype‐selective HDACi that inhibits class 1 HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, as well as class 2b HDAC10. These drugs have shown promising results in the treatment of multiple carcinoma including cervical cancer, T‐cell lymphoma, brain cancer, and breast cancer. This review highlights the HDACi classes, the mechanism of action of these inhibitors, their preclinical and clinical efficacy, and the latest clinical trials and patents used in cancer therapeutics. Overall, this review focuses on patents and clinical trials data from 2019 onward to give a better viewpoint on current trends in HDACis as chemotherapy agents.
Accelerating communication with multi‐HCA aware collectives in MPI
Authors: Tran Tu , Ramesh Bharath , Michalowicz Benjamin , Abduljabbar Mustafa , Subramoni Hari , Shafi Aamir , Panda Dhabaleswar K.
Published: August 2023

To accelerate the communication between nodes, supercomputers are now equipped with multiple network adapters per node, also referred to as HCAs (Host Channel Adapters), resulting in a “multi‐rail”/“multi‐HCA” network. For example, the ThetaGPU system at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has eight adapters per node; with this many networking resources available, utilizing all of them becomes non‐trivial. The Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a dominant model for high‐performance computing clusters. Not all MPI collectives utilize all resources, and this becomes more apparent with advances in bandwidth and adapter count in a given cluster. In this work, we provide a thorough performance analysis of existing multirail solutions and their implications on collectives and present the necessity for further enhancement. Specifically, we propose novel designs for hierarchical, multi‐HCA‐aware Allgather. The proposed designs fully utilize all the available network adapters within a node and provide high overlap between inter‐node and intra‐node communication. At the micro‐benchmark level, we see large inter‐node improvements up to 62% and 61% better than HPC‐X and MVAPICH2‐X for 1024 processes. Because Allgather is used in Ring‐Allreduce, our designs also improve its performance by 56% and 44% compared to HPC‐X and MVAPICH2‐X, respectively. At the application level, our enhanced Allgather shows and improvement in a matrix‐vector multiplication kernel when compared to HPC‐X and MVAPICH2‐X, and Allreduce performs up to 7.83% better in deep learning training against MVAPICH2‐X.
Dimethyl itaconate selectively targets inflammatory and metabolic pathways in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Sana Ilenia , Mantione Maria Elena , Meloni Miriam , Riba Michela , Ranghetti Pamela , Scarfò Lydia , Ghia Paolo , Muzio Marta
Published: August 2023

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) co‐evolves with its own microenvironment where inflammatory stimuli including toll‐like receptors (TLR) signaling can protect CLL cells from spontaneous and drug‐induced apoptosis by upregulating IκBζ, an atypical co‐transcription factor. To dissect IκBζ‐centered signaling pathways, we performed a gene expression profile of primary leukemic cells expressing either high or low levels of IκBζ after stimulation, highlighting that IκBζ is not only an inflammatory gene but it may control metabolic rewiring of malignant cells thus pointing to a novel potential opportunity for therapy. We exploited the capacity of the dimethyl itaconate (DI), an anti‐inflammatory electrophilic synthetic derivative of the metabolite Itaconate, to target IκBζ. CLL cells, murine leukemic splenocytes, and leukocytes from healthy donors were treated in vitro with DI that abolished metabolic activation and reduced cell viability of leukemic cells only, even in the presence of robust TLR prestimulation. RNA sequencing highlighted that in addition to the expected electrophilic stress signature observed after DI treatment, novel pathways emerged including the downregulation of distinct MHC class II complex genes. In conclusion, DI not only abrogated the proinflammatory effects of TLR stimulation but also targeted a specific metabolic vulnerability in CLL cells.
Generating ground motions using the Fourier amplitude spectrum
Authors: Baglio Marco , Cardoni Alessandro , Cimellaro Gian Paolo , Abrahamson Norman
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a simplified method aimed at generating ground motions records using a Fourier amplitude spectrum model obtained by a response spectrum is presented. The use of white noise with specific conditions on the variance and inter‐frequency correlation allows to get a realistic variability of the Fourier amplitude spectrum. Moreover, a two‐corner frequency model is defined from empirical ground‐motion data and a filter is applied to capture the attenuation at high frequencies. The generated series of stochastic ground motions accurately match the mean value of the target response spectrum. The procedure was tested on an Italian site and results showed excellent matching in terms of mean and dispersion values with either the median obtained from ground motion prediction equations (GMPE) and conditional mean spectra (CMS). The advantage of the proposed methodology is that time‐histories can be generated with low computational effort, they do not need scaling or frequency content adjustments and are spectrum compatible with a given target spectrum.
The Future of Hydrogen Vehicles
Authors: Latif Mamoon , Frost Ryan , Wayne Sophia
Published: August 2023

The global urgency to reduce economy‐wide greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) has accelerated thinking around how best to achieve these goals. Decarbonizing the transportation sector is high on this agenda, with battery‐powered electric vehicles (BEV) driving the market trend. However, globally, there is renewed interest in hydrogen and the role it can play in complementing BEVs to reduce emissions in the transportation sector. This focus has created hydrogen “hopefuls” and proponents often framed as being at odds with BEV proponents. While there are distinctive markets for BEV and hydrogen‐fueled transportation, some critics remain doubtful of the potential role for hydrogen.
Exploring the effects of service ecosystem on IT SMEs performance in emerging economies: A moderated mediation approach
Authors: Masroor Imtiaz , Nabi Md. Noor Un , Alam Md. Nur , Misbauddin S. M. , Ahamed Khan Anin
Published: August 2023

Service‐dominant logic viewpoints can be used to construct a model of value co‐creation in the service ecosystem by focusing on service provider‐beneficiary dyads and inter‐dyad interactions. However, the presence of institutional voids can hamper firm performance, even with an improved service ecosystem and value co‐creation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the service ecosystem of IT small and medium enterprises of Bangladesh and their firm performance through the mediation of value co‐creation and moderated mediation of institutional void. This study indicated that the service ecosystem positively impacts firm performance and value co‐creation. Additionally, the findings indicated that co‐creation within the service ecosystem leads to improved firm performance. However, the study also found that institutional void can have a significant moderating effect. This research makes a valuable contribution to the literature on service ecosystem and firm performance by examining the role of value co‐creation as a mediator.
Early induction of Hes1 by bone morphogenetic protein 9 plays a regulatory role in osteoblastic differentiation of a mesenchymal stem cell line
Authors: Seong Chang‐Hwan , Chiba Norika , Fredy Mardiyantoro , Kusuyama Joji , Ishihata Kiyohide , Kibe Toshiro , Amir Muhammad Subhan , Tada Ryohei , Ohnishi Tomokazu , Nakamura Norifumi , Matsuguchi Tetsuya
Published: August 2023

Bone morphogenic protein 9 (BMP9) is one of the most potent inducers of osteogenic differentiation among the 14 BMP members, but its mechanism of action has not been fully demonstrated. Hes1 is a transcriptional regulator with basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) domain and is a well‐known Notch effector. In this study, we investigated the functional roles of early induction of Hes1 by BMP9 in a mouse mesenchymal stem cell line, ST2. Hes1 mRNA was transiently and periodically induced by BMP9 in ST2, which was inhibited by BMP signal inhibitors but not by Notch inhibitor. Interestingly, Hes1 knockdown in ST2 by siRNA increased the expression of osteogenic differentiation markers such as Sp7 and Ibsp and matrix mineralization in comparison with control siRNA transfected ST2. In contrast, forced expression of Hes1 by using the Tet‐On system suppressed the expression of osteogenic markers and matrix mineralization by BMP9. We also found that the early induction of Hes1 by BMP9 suppressed the expression of Alk1, an essential receptor for BMP9. In conclusion, BMP9 rapidly induces the expression of Hes1 via the SMAD pathway in ST2 cells, which plays a negative regulatory role in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells induced by BMP9.
PASSerRank: Prediction of allosteric sites with learning to rank
Authors: Tian Hao , Xiao Sian , Jiang Xi , Tao Peng
Published: August 2023

Allostery plays a crucial role in regulating protein activity, making it a highly sought‐after target in drug development. One of the major challenges in allosteric drug research is the identification of allosteric sites. In recent years, many computational models have been developed for accurate allosteric site prediction. Most of these models focus on designing a general rule that can be applied to pockets of proteins from various families. In this study, we present a new approach using the concept of Learning to Rank (LTR). The LTR model ranks pockets based on their relevance to allosteric sites, that is, how well a pocket meets the characteristics of known allosteric sites. After the training and validation on two datasets, the Allosteric Database (ASD) and CASBench, the LTR model was able to rank an allosteric pocket in the top three positions for 83.6% and 80.5% of test proteins, respectively. The model outperforms other common machine learning models with higher F1 scores (0.662 in ASD and 0.608 in CASBench) and Matthews correlation coefficients (0.645 in ASD and 0.589 in CASBench). The trained model is available on the PASSer platform (https://passer.smu.edu) to aid in drug discovery research.
A generalization of group divisible t $t$‐designs
Authors: Liu Sijia , Han Yue , Ma Lijun , Wang Lidong , Tian Zihong
Published: August 2023

Cameron defined the concept of generalized ‐designs, which generalized ‐designs, resolvable designs and orthogonal arrays. This paper introduces a new class of combinatorial designs which simultaneously provide a generalization of both generalized ‐designs and group divisible ‐designs. In certain cases, we derive necessary conditions for the existence of generalized group divisible ‐designs, and then point out close connections with various well‐known classes of designs, including mixed orthogonal arrays, factorizations of the complete multipartite graphs, large sets of group divisible designs, and group divisible designs with (orthogonal) resolvability. Moreover, we investigate constructions for generalized group divisible ‐designs and almost completely determine their existence for and small block sizes.
Matrix stiffness regulates neovascular homeostasis through autophagy in nude mice
Authors: Wang Bingqing , Yang Yuqing , Wang Yichen , Yang Yanxin , Li Yi , Hu Chenxi , Xue Changyue
Published: August 2023

One of the major obstacles to the effective application of vascularized fruit is an insufficient understanding of the relationship between the microenvironment and neovascular homeostasis. The role of extracellular matrix stiffness in regulating the structural and functional stability of neovascularization has not yet been elucidated. This study explored the effects of matrix stiffness on neovascular homeostasis in nude mice. Dextran hydrogels with three different stiffnesses were separately combined with mouse bone marrow‐derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and subcutaneously implanted into the backs of nude mice. After 14 days, neovascular homeostasis indicators in the different groups were measured. Cell autophagy levels were evaluated, and inhibitor assays were performed to explore the underlying mechanism. New blood vessels were generated in the three stiffnesses of the EPC‐loaded dextran hydrogels 14 days after implantation. The newly formed vessels tended to have better structural stability in softer hydrogels. Endothelial function markers, such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase and E‐selectin, were downregulated as the matrix stiffness increased. Furthermore, we found that cell autophagy levels decreased in stiffer matrices, and autophagy inhibition attenuated neovascular homeostasis. A soft matrix is conducive to maintaining neovascular homeostasis through autophagy in nude mice.