bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advantage of Backwardness: The Effect of Industrialisation on European Modern Design Movement
Authors: Wang Zhiyong
Published: September 2023

To answer specific questions of modern design history, historical analysis is needed, alongside chronicles and narrative, to promote deeper understanding. This paper, with the assistance of advantage of backwardness theory and the method characterised by historical sociology, focuses on the social origin of European modern design against the background of the industrial revolution. It aims to understand the link between technological change and the rise of modern design in Europe. The study starts with an explanation of the progress of industrialisation within those countries that were closely related to European modern design movement, and then investigates how this process diversely impacted the emergence of modern design in Europe through a comparative analysis on the interactive connection between industrialisation (as a case of technological change in modern times) and European modern design movement (as a cultural and social consequence of the change). This study particularly clarifies why the subsequent industrial countries, instead of the early industrial countries, had dramatically obtained the advantage to fully develop the modern design movement in Europe. It concludes that, in terms of technological change, advantage of backwardness played an important part in the origin of European modern design.
Vecu de l’Enfant Camerounais Expose a la Violence Conjugale au Cameroun
Authors: Kepmegni M. Henriette , Nguimfack Leonard
Published: September 2023

Au Cameroun, la violence conjugale est une réalité vécue par de nombreuses femmes au sein de leur foyer. Cette violence se déroule en présence des enfants qui sont témoins des coups, des injures et autres remarques désobligeantes et agressives entre parents. C’est dans ce sens que cet article s’intéresse au vécu des enfants exposés à la violence conjugale en contexte camerounais. Les données ont été collectées auprès de deux enfants exposés régulièrement exposés à la violence conjugale. Nous avons fait recours à l’analyse phénoménologique interprétative comme méthode de recherche. Ces données ont fait l’objet d’une analyse thématique de contenu. Les résultats obtenus révèlent que chez l’enfant camerounais exposé à la violence conjugale, le vécu est marqué par le sentiment de déprivation de la mère lorsque blessée, cette dernière doit être internée dans une structure sanitaire afin de suivre des soins. Ce qui génère de nombreuses inquiétudes chez lui. Ces enfants, face à la violence entre leurs parents, ont développé des émotions négatives telles que la peur, la tristesse, l’horreur et la honte vis-à-vis du comportement de leurs parents. Ces émotions les fragilisent et génèrent en eux une détresse psychologique qui va entrainer la dévalorisation de soi, l’altération du sentiment de sécurité et la perte d’estime de soi. Ce qui rend compte de l’altération de la représentation de soi. Cet article implique de développer et de mettre en pratique des appuis trouvés dans l’environement de l’enfant exposé à la violence conjugale, pour engager un processus de résilience.

 

In Cameroon, many women experience domestic violence in the home. This violence takes place in the presence of children, who witness blows, insults, and other disparaging and aggressive remarks between parents. It is with this in mind that this article looks at the experiences of children exposed to domestic violence in Cameroon. The data were collected from two children regularly exposed to domestic violence. We used interpretative phenomenological analysis as our research method. The data were subjected to thematic content analysis. The results obtained reveal that the experience of a Cameroonian child exposed to domestic violence is marked by the mother's feeling of deprivation when she is injured and has to be taken to a health facility for treatment. This causes the child a great deal of worry. Faced with violence between their parents, these children develop negative emotions such as fear, sadness, horror, and shame about their parents' behavior. These emotions weaken them and cause psychological distress, leading to a loss of self-esteem and a diminished sense of security. This in turn leads to an altered sense of self. This article involves developing and putting into practice supports found in the environment of the child exposed to domestic violence, to initiate a process of resilience.
Study of Escherichia coli as a Cause of Diarrhoea in the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Authors: Awuah Frank , Addo Mathew Glover , Ofori Linda Aurelia
Published: September 2023

Even though diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (E. Coli) is accepted worldwide as essential diarrhoea-causing agent, especially among children, routinely they are not sought as a stool sample pathogen in many microbiological laboratories. The conventional biochemical means are not able to differentiate E. coli which is a normal flora in the gastrointestinal tract from the pathogenic strains. This research work sought to detect and identify diarrhoeagenic E.coli in the Ashanti region of Ghana by using conventional multiplex PCR. A convenient sampling method was employed to select a total of 502 patients from Ashanti Regional and St. Michael’s Hospitals for the study. In all, five pathotypes of diarrhoeagenic E.coli were detected with enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) as the most frequent. The target genes considered for each group of diarrhoeagenic E. coli were eaeA (E. coli attaching- effacing) and bfpA (bundle forming pilus A) for enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), elt and Stla for enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), ial for enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), CVD432 for enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), and hlyA for enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC). Generally, some of the participants (31.08% = n/N= 69/222) exhibited symptoms of diarrhoea while others did not (68.92% = n/N =153/222 ), although they were positive for the pathotypes. The virulence factors considered were seen as contributory factors to the symptomatic situations. Participants in the ≤5 and  ≥ 42-year groups were seen to be more vulnerable to diarrhoea. Additionally, it was discovered that men were more susceptible to diarrhoea than women. The study therefore recommends more studies into the ≥ 42-year group not neglecting that of children. In addition, this current study suggests the routine utilization of molecular methods such as conventional multiplex PCR to identify and detect the pathotypes of E. coli causing diarrhoea.
Afet İletişimi ve Twitter: Kahramanmaraş Depremi Özelinde Bir İçerik ve Duygu Analizi Araştırması
Authors: TARAKCI Havva Nur
Published: September 2023

Deprem gibi doğal kaynaklı afetlere müdahalede en önemli hususlardan biri iletişimin kurulabilmesi ve sürdürülebilmesidir. Bir doğal afet olan deprem anında bilgi edinme ihtiyacı duyan bireyler, yetkili kamu kuruluşlarının ve sivil toplum örgütlerinin paylaşımlarını yoğun bir şekilde takip etmektedir. Twitter, afet iletişiminde, kuruluşlar tarafından yaygın olarak kullanılan bir sosyal medya platformudur.

Bu araştırma, Kahramanmaraş merkezli 6 Şubat 2023’te gerçekleşen deprem özelinde afet iletişimi ve Twitter ilişkisini irdelemek üzere yapılmıştır. Bir kamu kuruluşu olarak AFAD ve sivil toplum kuruluşu olan AHBAP’ın afet iletişiminde Twitter kullanım pratiklerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. AFAD ve AHBAP’ın 6 Şubat -31 Mart 2023 tarihleri arasındaki depremle ilgili Twitter paylaşımları içerik analizi ve duygu analizi yapılarak incelenmiştir.

Bu çalışma özelinde, afet iletişiminde Twitter’ın sıklıkla bilgilendirme amacıyla kullanıldığı, Twitter’ın çok yönlülüğünden fazla yararlanılmadığı söylenebilir. AFAD ve AHBAP’ın rasyonel çekicilikli mesajları yoğun olarak paylaştıkları, duygusal çekicilikli mesajlarda ise umut ve samimiyet çekiciliklerine ağırlık verdikleri anlaşılmaktadır. İlgili kurumların paylaşımlarının duygu analizine bakıldığında, afet sonrası ortamın doğasına uygun bir şekilde nötr ağırlıklı mesajlar paylaştıkları bulgulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, bir kuruluşun yapısal özelliklerinin, afet iletişimi açısından o kuruluşun Twitter kullanımını etkilediği söylenebilir.
Russian Working Women’s Evaluations of Marital Relationships
Authors: Burkhanova Flura , Sadretdinova Evellina
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the presented analysis is to characterize the estimates of marital relations given by working married women, as well as to identify how the nature of the relationship affects some other aspects of family life, and what intrafamily factors determine the obtained estimates. The analysis is based on the results of a survey conducted in 2020 in 10 Russian regions within the framework of the project “Demographic Well-Being of Russia”. The results showed that in many families, one of the measured indicators of marital relations (either an assessment of cohesion or conflict) is unfavorable, which indicates the presence of problems. Only a third of the respondents have a very good relationship with their husband– conflict-free and cohesive. The direct influence of the nature of marital relations (favorable/unfavorable) on psychological well-being and lifestyle assessments has been established. The hypothesis about the connection between the perception of the nature of relationships and the general psychological atmosphere and image of one’s family, as well as relationships with close relatives, was confirmed. Factors influencing assessments of marital relations are: 1.Gender order of family power (headship in the family and budget management practices). Relationships are assessed most favorably in families where the man is the head of the family and joint management of the budget is practiced; 2. Own views on the quality of marriage in the parental family. Women who positively assess their parents' marital relationships are more optimistic in their assessments of their marital relationships; 3. The financial situation of the family, which predetermines the deterioration of women’s judgments about marital relationships, depending on negative assessments of living conditions.
II International Summer School “Eurasian Societies in the Focus of Young Sociologists”
Authors: Osadchaya Galina , Kireev Egor , Roslavtseva Maria
Published: September 2023

On June 21–23, 2023, the Second International Summer School “Eurasian Societies in the Focus of Young Sociologists” was held at the IDR FCTAS RAS. The school was organized by the Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS and the Scientific Council “Socio-political problems of the formation of the EAEU” under the Department of Social Sciences of the RAS. About 50 bachelors, masters, graduate students and doctoral students from Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Cuba registered to participate in the event. A special feature of the school this year was the in-person participation of 12 people who were able to come to Moscow and visit theIDR FCTAS RAS. Sociology students from Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russian State University for the Humanities andRussian State Social University also actively took part in the work of the school.
The Problem of Choosing Life Paths by Youth in Russian Regions (Based on Field Research at VSTU)
Authors: Dulina Nadezhda , Petruneva Raisa
Published: September 2023

The life path of a modern young person is significantly influenced by the level of development of information technologies, that are transforming all spheres of human activity. This imparts special significance to the context of understanding the challenges faced by youth when choosing their trajectories for entering the adult world and their future professional endeavours. Globalisation issues leave an imprint on systemic transformations within Russian society, significantly complicating the decision-making process for young people regarding their own futures and the future of the country. This notably "adjusts" traditions, shifts value priorities, including those related to pursuing higher education. This research analyses the motives behind the choice of life path by university applicants within the higher education system, based on their perceptions of their future and the realities of contemporary socio-cultural and economic situations in Russia. Through the examination of new data, the study investigates the strategies for implementing life patterns chosen by university applicants, their alignment with individual life plans, and the actual mechanisms of their realisation and legitimisation.

The relationship has been examined between the choice of one's future professional path and the university that, according to applicants, can provide a solid foundation for their future careers. Today, the selection of an educational institution is not only an important but also a complex issue for applicants and their families. Therefore, one of the research objectives was to identify significant characteristics of universities themselves and socio-economic factors influencing the choice of future study location by applicants, as well as the basic patterns in selecting future professions.

The research results confirmed that the majority of university audiences are currently filled with representatives of Generation Z, whose level of trust in electronic sources of information is higher than that in traditional sources, including age-old advice from parents and close relatives. Overall, the hypothesis of the enduring value of higher education for the majority of former applicants who have already become students was confirmed. This research also demonstrated a clear manifestation of consumer behaviour and paternalism in their professional lives, an orientation toward high living standards, and social status.
Review of the monograph "Sociocultural Studies of Post-Soviet Transition in Russia"
Authors: Kanarsh Grigory
Published: September 2023

This review discusses a collective monograph authored by researchers from the Center for the Study of Sociocultural Changes at the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, titled "Sociocultural Studies of Post-Soviet Transition in Russia". It provides a brief summary of both the monograph itself and the reviewer's reflections on the centre's years of research. The reviewer notes that this book not only summarizes the center's recent research but also delves into methodological questions, discusses the issue of the social state, problems of modernisation, the structure of Russian society, and questions related to Russia's civilisational development.

According to the reviewer, the most interesting chapters are those dedicated to the historical formation of the social state and the sociological analysis of contemporary Russian society. While acknowledging the valuable insights presented in the book, the reviewer also provides constructive criticism of certain ideas presented within. Overall, the monograph is assessed as making a significant contribution to the study of post-Soviet transition in Russia.
Value Orientations of Young Cossacks (Using the Example of the Cossack Hundred at SRSPU (NPI))
Authors: Susimenko Elena , Litvinenko Elena , Ivanchenko Olga
Published: September 2023

This article investigates the spiritual and moral values, cultural and domestic traditions of youth who join Cossack organisations during their university education. The study focuses on students who are members of the Platov Cossack Hundred, established at the Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI). The data analysed in this research were obtained through standardised interviews with members of the Platov Cossack Hundred. The aim of the study is to identify the value orientations, values, and their hierarchy in the minds of student Cossacks. The values of Cossack youth are examined from the perspective of a system rooted in "collective representations" (É.Durkheim). The theory of masculinity is employed to explore the role of the Cossack man in the culture of everyday family life and interaction practices.

The article provides a brief overview of the scientific literature devoted to describing and analysing the historical development of the River Don Cossacks, the peculiarities of their military activities, everyday life, culture, values, and traditions. It demonstrates the matrix of values of Cossack youth, the core of which consists of justice and family. Empirical data lead to the conclusion that traditional stereotypes of "a man as a warrior" and "a man as a protector" are being formed, along with patriarchal ideas of "the man as the head of the family", religious beliefs, and ethnic identity, as "an Orthodox person with a unique culture, traditions, and customs".

In everyday life, family relationships are characterised by a desire for egalitarianism and parity in decision-making and child-rearing. The article notes that the foundation of the respondents' value matrix is the cultural-historical basis of militarised masculinity, based on the idea of "serving and defending one's Homeland". The primary motivation for joining the Platov Cossack Hundred is the desire for participation and identification with Cossack culture and traditions.

The authors emphasise the importance not only of the institution of the family but also of higher education in the actualisation and reproduction of the cultural distinctiveness of regional youth. It is concluded that young people with a strong ethnocultural component prioritise traditional values (patriotism, service to the Homeland, justice, strong families) that shape not only regional (ethno-social) identity but also a pan-Russian civic identity.
Program Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi Anak Usia Dini Dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Komunikasi Orang Tua
Authors: Alkornia Sylva
Published: September 2023

Program pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi bagi anak usia dini yang dilaksanakan oleh PAUD Binaan SKB Bondowoso diperuntukkan orang tua anak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan  penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subyek penelitian ditentukan dengan menggunakan teknik   purposive. Subjek penelitian ini adalah ketua penyelenggara, nara sumber program Pendidikan kespro dan orang tua peserta didik PAUD Binaan SKB Bondowoso. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap reduksi data, displaydata, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Uji keabsahan data penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil   penelitian mencakup 1) Pendidikan kespro mampu meningkatkan keterampilan komunikasi orang tua, (2) bentuk keterampilan komunikasi orang tua pada pendidikan kespro anak, (3) faktor pendukung dan penghambat pelaksanaan program parenting, dan (4) hasil pelaksanaan program pendidikan kespro bagi anak usia dini terhadap keterampilan komunikasi orang tua pada pendidikan kespro anak usia dini di rumah.
Study of Hierarchy and Service Facility Centers of South Labuhanbatu Regency
Authors: Lubis Darwin Parlaungan , Permana Sendi , Rahmadi Muhammad Taufik , Sintong Mahara , Turnip Benedictus P
Published: September 2023

The regional hierarchy, which includes the functions targeted at each region, is an important consideration in regional planning. The implementation of this function is related to existing service facilities in each sub-district in terms of the growth dynamics of South Labuhanbatu Regency. The distribution of the population in the sub-districts of South Labuhantu Regency has resulted in an increase in the quantity of infrastructure, facilities and service facilities. This research was conducted to determine the availability of service facilities in Labuhanbatu District and to examine the hierarchy and distribution of service centers. This research uses a quantitative descriptive research method using the centrality index analysis method, gravity analysis, and nearest neighbor analysis. Based on the study findings, it is known that the availability of service facilities in Labuhanbatu Regency is quite adequate, especially considering that Kota Pinang and Torgamba Subdistricts which have first order status already have quite complete and adequate facilities. In addition to the findings of the regional hierarchy analysis based on analysis of the centrality and gravity indices, the findings of the nearest neighbor analysis also show Kota Pinang and Torgamba Districts in the hierarchy. Service centers in Labuhanbatu Selatan Regency are located in Kota Pinang Subdistrict, which is the capital of the subdistrict, and Torgamba Subdistrict, which has the most availability of facilities and is supported by a large population and strong interaction strength.
Flood Mitigation Strategy in Banjar City, West Java
Authors: Anggoro Faqqih Ma'ruf , Adiputra Agung , Harsono R. Tricahyono Nur
Published: September 2023

The flood disaster that occurred in Banjar City was caused by the high intensity of rainfall in each rainy season. The disaster resulted in considerable material and non-material losses. As a result of these impacts, a flood disaster mitigation strategy is needed in Banjar City. Flood disaster mitigation strategies are needed as a form of effort to reduce and manage the risks posed by floods to human health, economic activities, the environment, and cultural heritage. Therefore, this study aims to create a flood disaster mitigation strategy that can be done in Banjar City. This study uses  the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method which aims to obtain weights and determine the priority scale of flood disaster mitigation strategies used. In using this method there are several principles that must be understood in solving problems with AHP, namely decomposition, comparative judgment, synthsesis of priority and logical consistency.The results of the AHP analysis show that regional regulation policy strategies and their implementation (weight 0.195), policy strategies related to coordination between stakeholders (weight 0.185), policy strategies related to disaster risk assessment (weight 0.129), policy strategies related to disaster  management funding (weight 0.170), policy strategies related to increasing stakeholder capacity (weight 0.089), strategies for disaster-resilient communities and facilities and infrastructure (weight 0.089),  strategies for improving the quality and quantity of human resources (weight 0.085), and strategies for post-disaster recovery (weight 0.059). Based on  the results of the AHP analysis, an inconsistensy ratio of 0.014  < 0.1 was obtained, which means that the results of the analysis can be accepted.
Analysis of Coastal Community Preparedness for The Tsunami Disaster (Case Study in Bulakan Village, Cinangka District, Serang Regency, Banten)
Authors: Hofifah Erni
Published: September 2023

Cinangka Sub-district in Serang Regency is one of the sub-districts affected by the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami in Serang Regency. One of the villages in the Cinangka District that was affected by the Sunda Strait tsunami was Bulakan Village. The tsunami disaster is a disaster that occurred suddenly and resulted in many casualties, so the community must know what steps must be taken. This study aims to determine the level of preparedness of coastal communities in Bulakan Village, Cinangka District for Tsunami Disaster. This research uses quantitative methods. Determination of the sample using the Proportional Random Sampling method with a total sample of 92 respondents. Collecting data using questionnaires and interviews with respondents. The questionnaire used to measure the level of community preparedness for the tsunami disaster uses the LIPI-UNESCO/ISDR, 2006 standard with the parameters Knowledge and Attitude (KA), Emergency Response Plan (EP), Disaster Warning System (WS), and Resource Mobilization (RMC). . Based on the research results from the assessment of the parameters of knowledge and attitudes, policies, response plans, disaster warnings and resource mobilization for each RW of Bulakan Village, it can be concluded that the level of preparedness in RW 001 with the ready category is 67. The level of preparedness in RW 002 with the almost ready category is 62. The level of preparedness in RW 003 with the almost ready category is 60. The level of preparedness in RW 004 with the almost ready category is 63. The level of preparedness in RW 005 with the ready category is 69. The level of preparedness in RW 006 with the ready category is 70. Based on the four In this category, the overall preparedness of the Buakan Village community for the tsunami disaster is included in the very prepared category of 67.
Labourers Migrating to the Construction Sector in the State of Haryana: An Analysis of Push and Pull Factors
Authors: Madan Sonu , Dangi Pooja
Published: September 2023

Migration is a global phenomenon which has a vital role in any region’s economic development. This study examines the major push and pull factors of the migration of labourers towards the construction sector of the state of Haryana. Alongside this, the study also sheds light on the socio‐economic conditions of migrant labourers. For this purpose, the study was conducted among 200 migrant labourers engaged in the construction sector of Hisar, Rohtak, Panipat, and Kurukshetra districts of Haryana, with the help of a well-designed questionnaire. It has been found that among the pull factors— higher wages, job opportunities, and consistent work are the major causes of migration. Among push factors, unemployment and low wages are responsible for migration from their native place to their place of destination. Apart from this, wage differences and better living standards also attract labourers to Haryana. So far as improvement in the status of migrants’ is concerned, the study found that the socio-economic status of migrant labourers has improved after they migrated to the state of Haryana.
Sustainable Development and Public Transport in Haryana
Authors: Singh Hooda Devinder , Sehrawat Nitisha
Published: September 2023

This study examined the efficiency of public transport in Haryana from 2015-16 to 2020-21 in cognisance of the sustainable development aspect. The depots of the state roadways are considered as decision-making units. The study employed the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique for estimating the scores of the overall technical efficiency (OTE) and pure technical efficiency (PTE) of decision-making units (DMUs) by using three inputs— fleet size, total staff and bus utilisation. The study considered the total daily passengers transported and effective kilometres covered for the output. Further, along with the efficiency measurement, each depot’s total number of accidents has been collected to measure safety. The findings estimated the mean value of the PTE score for all depots, which turns out to be 0.91, indicating that to improve the managerial efficiency of the entire public transport of the state, the depots need to increase the output by 9 per cent. The average OTE score of all selected units is 0.89, reflecting that these DMUs have 89 per cent worked efficiently from 2015-16 to 2020-21. The efficiency score is based on output-oriented issues, meaning that inputs will be constant for total efficiency. The study recommends the promotion of public transport based on sustainability and efficiency in the State of Haryana.
Organic Farming in India: Evolution, Current Status and Policy Perspectives
Authors: Avi Avinash , Batra Vikas
Published: September 2023

The performance of the agricultural sector is key for the development of the economy, especially for developing economies. It helps the economy in various ways, such as increased income for farmers, employment in rural areas, and, most importantly, food security. With the growing demand for food, farmers use extensive fertilisers and pesticides to increase productivity. This irrational use of fertilisers reduces soil fertility, pollutes rivers, kills plants and animals, and is linked to many human diseases. Thus, conventional farming raises many concerns related to the environment as well as human health. The emergence of organic farming is because of certain limitations of conventional farming. In our country, organic farming practices are taking a new shape. India has 1.59 million organic producers with 2.7 million hectares of agricultural land under organic agriculture. The current paper aims to describe the evolution and status of organic agriculture in India. It also seeks to probe the impact of organic agriculture on various aspects of farming and economy. The paper also aims to identify the constraints in the growth of organic agriculture. Further, based on the findings, the paper proposes new development models for the sustainable growth of the agriculture sector in India. Through this, a perspective is provided on the current state and policy alternatives with innovative organic farming models for the welfare of farmers and people at large.
Indigenous Knowledge of Medicinal Plants and Attainment of SDG3: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Sharma Bhavna , Reena Kumari
Published: September 2023

Attainment of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is a critical issue for the United Nations in the 21st Century. These 17 SDGs have specific targets to achieve these goals. To achieve a more sustainable future, 193 countries agreed to work on these 17 SDGs by 2030. Out of these 17 SDGs, this paper focuses on attaining SDG 3 through indigenous knowledge. The researchers explored previous studies by other researchers worldwide and global reports related to medical plants. They discussed the role of folk medicine in attaining the third goal of sustainable development (SDG3). Target 3.3 of SDG 3 focuses on eliminating combat hepatitis, waterborne diseases, Malaria, and other communicable diseases, and target 3.4 of SDG 3 focuses on reducing non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment. Therefore, the focus of the study is to find out the specific plants which can be used for the treatment of various types of diseases through meta-analysis protocol and systematic reviews. Ninety articles are screened by keeping in view the set criteria. The study selected 50 scientific papers after excluding some papers due to the unavailability of full papers and duplicate copies of the articles. The researchers selected those papers whose citation is good. Previous researchers discussed that some plants and their parts—folk medicines— are often used to cure various communicable and non-communicable diseases like diabetes, cancer, Malaria, COVID-19, infections, pain, liver problems, etc., by certain groups and communities due to its lesser price, effortlessness, easy accessibility and affordability.
The Co-Evolution of India’s Policy on Science, Technology, and Innovation with University Education: The Need for Innovation in Higher Educational Institutions
Authors: Kopala Martina Rani , Ashta Arvind , Mor Surender , Parekh Nadiya
Published: September 2023

Innovation-focused education and research have been identified as critical contributors to enhancing the innovative behaviour of individuals, organisations, and economies. Therefore, Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) embrace innovations to transform teaching, research, and knowledge transfer that impact economic and social objectives. The research objective of this study is to shed light on India’s needs for its higher education and innovation policies to develop faster growth and provide lessons on what it is doing right. For this, we study the gaps in the two policies: Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy (STIP) and National Educational Policies (NEP) applicable to HEIs. This study uses content analysis of the policies, with two experts’ opinions on the evolution of the policies. It finds that the Indian government has consciously striven to adopt new developments, urgently needing to improve infrastructural facilities for knowledge-driven innovation. Yet, fostering private industry’s role in innovation has not been adequate. The study concluded that policymakers need to collaborate with all the players for focused education and research, resulting in responsible innovation.
G-20 and Sustainable Development: A Way Forward
Authors: Mor Surender , Das Madhushree
Published: September 2023

In the recent G-20 meeting held in New Delhi under the Indian presidency, the world leaders raised concerns over the fulfilment of the Agenda 2030 as the global progress on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is unsatisfactory. The members expressed a dire need to put collective efforts to fully and effectively implement the 2030 Agenda for a greener planet and to lessen the socioeconomic divides among the developed and developing countries. The ray of hope for a sustainable and carbon-neutral world rests in the actions of G-20 nations.
On Duality Principles and Related Convex Dual Formulations Suitable for Local Non-Convex Variational Optimization
Authors: Botelho Fabio
Published: September 2023

This article develops duality principles, a related convex dual formulation and a primal dual one suitable for the local optimization of non-convex primal formulations for a large class of models in physics and engineering. The results are based on standard tools of functional analysis, calculus of variations and duality theory. In particular, we develop applications to a Ginzburg-Landau type equation. We emphasize the novelty here is that the first dual variational formulation developed is convex for a primal formulation which is originally non-convex. Finally, we also highlight the second primal dual variational formulation presented has a large region of convexity around any critical point.
The Impact of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in a Retrospective Cohort of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 Treated with the Combination of Steroids and Tocilizumab
Authors: Membrillo de Novales Francisco Javier , Ramirez-Olivencia German , Mata Forte Tatiana , Zamora Cintas María Isabel , Simón Sacristán María , Sánchez de Castro María , Estébanez Muñoz Miriam
Published: September 2023

Objectives: In the context of COVID-19, patients with severe or critical illness may be more susceptible to developing secondary bacterial infections. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the use of prophylactic antibiotic therapy and the occurrence of bacterial or fungal isolates following the administration of tocilizumab in hospitalized COVID-19 patients who had previously received steroids during the first and second waves of the pandemic in Spain. Methods: This retrospective observational study included 70 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who received tocilizumab and steroids between January and December 2020. Data on demographics, comorbidities, laboratory tests, microbiologic results, treatment, and outcomes were collected from electronic health records. Patients were divided into two groups based on the use of antibiotic prophylaxis, and the incidence of bacterial and fungal colonizations/infections was analyzed. Results: Among the included patients, 45 patients received antibiotic prophylaxis. No significant clinical differences were observed between patients based on prophylaxis use regarding the number of clinically diagnosed infections, ICU admissions, or mortality rates. However, patients who received antibiotic prophylaxis showed a higher incidence of colonization by multidrug-resistant germs compared to the subgroup that did not receive prophylaxis. The most commonly isolated microorganisms were Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conclusions: In this cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients treated with tocilizumab and steroids, the use of antibiotic prophylaxis did not reduce the incidence of secondary bacterial infections. However, it was associated with an increased incidence of colonization by multidrug-resistant organisms.
Nanotechnology Devices for Glaucoma Surgical Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Serdoura Alves Francisco , Duarte Susana , Cabrita Afonso , Marques Carolina , Oliveira Alexandra , Machado Mónica , Silva Gabriela , Abegão Pinto Luis , Tavares Ferreira Joana , Ferreira Quirina
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness, however, it remains incurable even with the appropriate treatment. Intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction is currently the only proven method to decline glaucoma progression. When medical therapy fails, surgical treatment usually arises as the solution to a better IOP control. Nevertheless, its success is compromised by frequent post-operative complications, most of them due to excessive fibrous tissue formation during wound healing process. Nanotechnology devices for glaucoma surgery can improve post-operative IOP control and reduce undesirable fibrosis. This systematic review aims to summarize some advances of nanotechnology application to ophthalmology, giving an overview about the state of the art of the nanotechnology based glaucoma drainage devices. Methods: A literature search in the PubMed/Medline database was performed using the keywords: “glaucoma surgery”, “glaucoma drainage device”, “nanotechnology”, “nanoparticles”, “nanomedicine” and “valve”. Were included articles published until March 1, 2023. A first identification of relevant articles was done through the title and abstract’s information, and a second selection was done by full-text articles assessment. Seven articles were included in this systematic review. Results: Nanotechnology-based glaucoma drainage devices included in this review promise to overcome the challenges of glaucoma surgical treatment by allowing a more effective control over post-operative scarring, a noninvasive and customized control of aqueous humour (AH) drainage while achieving optimal IOP reduction through all phases of the post-operative period. Conclusion: Despite the decreased post-operative complications and apparently enhanced biocompatibility of nano-based drainage devices, further in vivo tests and human studies are needed to evaluate cytotoxicity and corroborate the biocompatibility and efficacy showed in the initial testing results of these devices.
First Investigation of the Optimal Vaccination Timing for Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Larvae against Streptococcus agalactiae
Authors: Kumwan Benchawan , Bunnoy Anurak , Chatchaiphan Satid , Kayansamruaj Pattanapon , Dong Ha Thanh , Senapin Saengchan , Srisapoome Prapansak
Published: September 2023

To investigate the early immune responses and explore the optimal vaccination periods, Nile tilapia at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after yolk sac collapse (DAYC), were immersed in formalin-killed Streptococcus agalactiae vaccine (FKV-SA). The results found that specific IgM by ELISA in 21 DAYC (0.108 g) was first detected at 336 h after vaccination (hav), whereas 28-42 DAYC (0.330 - 0.580 g), could be initially detected at 24 hav. qRT-PCR analysis of the TCRβ, CD4, MHCIIα, IgHM, IgHT, and IgHD genes at 21- 42 DAYC immunized with FKV-SA immersion route for 24, 168 and 336 hav, revealed that most immune-related genes were significantly higher in the vaccinated larvae in all DAYCs than the control larvae (P < 0.05) after 336 hav. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated the stronger signals of IgM in the gills, head kidney, and intestine tissues at 21, 28, and 35 DAYC were observed in all vaccinated larvae compared with the control. Interestingly, at all DAYCs, FKV-SA larvae exhibited significantly higher survival rates and an increased relative percent survival (RPS) than the control after challenge with viable S. agalactiae, particularly in larval fish that were immunized with FKV-SA for 168 and 336 hav (P < 0.05).
Research on Secure State Estimation and Recovery Control for CPS under Stealthy Attacks
Authors: Yang Biao , Xin Liang , Long Zhiqiang
Published: September 2023

As the application of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) becomes more and more widespread, its security is becoming a focus of attention. Currently, there has been much research on the security defense of the physical layer of the CPS. However, most of the research only focuses on one of the aspects, for example, attack detection, security state estimation or recovery control. Obviously, the effectiveness of security defense targeting only one aspect is limited. Therefore, in this paper, a set of security defense processes is proposed for the case that a CPS containing multiple sensors is subject to three kinds of stealthy attacks (i.e., zero-dynamics attack, covert attack, and replay attack). Firstly, the existing attack detection method based on improved residuals is used to detect stealthy attacks. Secondly, based on the detection results, an optimal state estimation method based on improved Kalman filtering is proposed to estimate the actual state of the system. Then, based on the optimal state, internal model control (IMC) is introduced to complete the recovery control of the system. Finally, the proposed methods are integrated to give a complete security defense process, and the simulation is verified for three kinds of stealthy attacks. The simulation results show that the proposed methods are effective.
Thermal Analysis and Computer Simulation of a Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy Used for an Automotive Industry Part
Authors: Fuertes Juan P. , Rodriguez Antonio , Perez Gurutze , Rivero Pedro J.
Published: September 2023

Thermal analysis of a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy used for an automotive part was carried out in this research work. Solidification characteristics are recognized from the Temperature-time curve and its corresponding derivatives. This analysis was successfully used in a simulation software program with the aim of improving the resultant simulation accuracy. In this study, different types of molds, with and without cooling systems, were designed and used. The melt present in the furnaces of the factory was used to simulate the casting process. The effect of different cooling rates (1.2ºC/s, 2ºC/s, 2.3ºC/s and 2.9ºC/s) on the solidification parameters have been investigated. Differences in the resultant microstructure between wall and center of the molds have been analyzed and have been related to the T-t curve. Finally, the experimental results clearly indicate that the water-cooling rate of the molds and the melt temperature directly affects the solidification process as well as the final microstructure.
Prevalence of RAF1 Aberrations in Metastatic Cancer Patients: A Real World Data
Authors: Lim Sung Hee , Jung Jaeyun , Hong Jung Young , Kim Seung Tae , Park Se Hoon , Park Joon Oh , Kim Kyoung-Mee , Lee Jeeyun
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Therapeutic targeting of RAF1 is promising, but it requires further investigation for the relation between clinical features and RAF1 aberrations regarding the MAPK signaling pathway in various solid tumors to realize the precision medicine. Methods: Between October 2019 and June 2023, Samsung Medical Center, 3,895 patients with metastatic cancer patients received a next-generation sequencing (NGS) using TruSight Oncology 500 (TSO500) assay as a routine clinical practice. We surveyed the incidence of RAF1 aberration including mutation (single-nucleotide variant [SNV]), amplification (copy-number variation), and fusion. Results: In 3,895 metastatic cancer patients, 77 (2.0%) had RAF1 aberrations in their tumor specimen. Of 77 patients, 44 (1.1%) had RAF1 mutations (SNV), 25 (0.6%) had RAF1 amplification and 10 (0.3%) had RAF1 fusions. Among 10 patients with RAF1 fusion, concurrent RAF1 amplification and RAF1 mutation were detected in one patient each. The most common tumor types were bladder cancer (11.5%), followed by ampulla of Vater (AoV) cancer (5.3%), melanoma (3.0%), gallbladder (GB) cancer (2.6%), and gastric cancer (2.3%). Microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) tumors were found in 5 out of 76 patients (6.6%) with RAF1 aberration, while MSI-H tumors were found only in 2.1% of patients with wild-type RAF1 cancer (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: We showed that when patients with metastatic solid cancer receive NGS test, approximately 2.0% have RAF1 aberrations in their tumor specimen.
Failure of Non-invasive Respiratory Support in Patients with SARS-Cov-2 with the Different Therapies
Authors: García-Fernández Juan Javier , Sánchez-Nicolás José Andrés , Galicia-Puyol Sonia , Gil-Rosa Isabel , Guerras Conesa Juan Jose , Bernal-Morell Enrique , Cinesi-Gómez César
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The objective of the study is to assess the failure of therapies with HFNO (High-Flow Nasal Oxygen), CPAP, Bilevel or combined therapy in patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2 during their hospitalization. Methods: Retrospective and observational study of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients who required non-invasive respiratory support (NIRS), at the Reina Sofía General University Hospital of Murcia between March 2020 and May 2021. Results: Of 7355 patients, 197 (11,8%) were included. 95 of them failed this therapy (48,3%). We objectivated that during hospitalization in the ward the combined therapy with HFNO and CPAP had a lower failure rate overall and the highest treatment purely with Bilevel (p = 0,005). In the comparison of failure in therapy without two levels of airway pressure, HFNO, CPAP and combined therapy of HFNO with CPAP, (35,6% of patients) presented a 24,2% failure compared to those who did have two levels of pressure with Bilevel and combined therapy of HFNO with Bilevel (64,4% of patients) with 75,8% associated failure (OR: 0, 374; CI 95%: 0,203-0,688. p=0,001).Conclusions: The use of NIRS in conventional hospitalization is safe and effective in patients with respiratory failure secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The therapeutic strategy with Bilevel increases the probability of failure, with the combined therapy strategy with CPAP and HFNO being the most promising option.
Unveiling the Strain Rate Sensitivity of G18NiCrMo3-6 Cast Steel in Tension/Compression Asymmetry
Authors: Çetin Barış , Bayraktar Emin , Aslan Ozgur
Published: September 2023

This contribution was devoted to unveil the strain rate sensitivity (SRS) of G18NiCrMo3-6 cast steel in tension/compression asymmetry. For that purpose, detailed mechanical characterization tests were conducted providing a process window covering quasi-static and medium strain rate regimes (0.001, 0.1, 10 [ s¯¹]) in tension and compression states. By means of this experimental ef-fort, the SRS of the material could be extracted by a function of strain and strain rate which ena-bling to create a mathematical expression to easily be implemented as a state variable for constitu-tive material modeling. Finally, a pressure and rate dependent constitutive material model on the basis of Cocks'89 yield locus definition was created by a subroutine (UMAT) file and the material parameters were verified with respect to the experimental data. The UMAT file also takes into account the tension/compression asymmetry in yielding to handle the effect of porous media plas-ticity concept. The predictions of the proposed material model are quite in line with the experi-mental outputs.