bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-dimensional single-cell analysis reveals the immune characteristics of COVID-19
Authors: Shi Wen , Liu Xiuxing , Cao Qiqi , Ma Pengjuan , Le Wenqing , Xie Lihui , Ye Jinguo , Wen Wen , Tang Hao , Su Wenru , Zheng Yingfeng , Liu Yizhi
Published: November 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), driven by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was declared a global pandemic in March 2020. Pathogenic T cells and inflammatory monocytes are regarded as the central drivers of the cytokine storm associated with the severity of COVID-19. In this study, we explored the characteristic peripheral cellular profiles of patients with COVID-19 in both acute and convalescent phases by single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF). Using a combination of algorithm-guided data analyses, we identified peripheral immune cell subsets in COVID-19 and revealed CD4+ T-cell depletion, T-cell differentiation, plasma cell expansion, and the reduced antigen presentation capacity of innate immunity. Notably, COVID-19 induces a dysregulation in the balance of monocyte populations by the expansion of the monocyte subsets. Collectively, our results represent a high-dimensional, single-cell profile of the peripheral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Impaired cardiorespiratory responses to hypercapnia in neonatal mice lacking PAC1 but not VPAC2 receptors
Authors: Barrett Karlene T. , Hasan Shabih U. , Scantlebury Morris H. , Wilson Richard J. A.
Published: November 2020

The evidence is mounting for a role for abnormal signaling of the stress peptide pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its canonical receptor PAC1 in the pathogenesis of sudden infant death syndrome. In this study, we investigated whether the PACAP receptors PAC1 or VPAC2 are involved in the neonatal cardiorespiratory response to hypercapnic stress. We used head-out plethysmography and surface ECG electrodes to assess cardiorespiratory responses to an 8% hypercapnic challenge in unanesthetized and spontaneously breathing 4-day-old PAC1 or VPAC2 knockout (KO) and wild-type mouse pups. We demonstrate that compared with WTs, breathing frequency (RR) and minute ventilation ([Formula: see text]) in PAC1 KO pups were significantly blunted in response to hypercapnia. Although heart rate was unaltered in PAC1 KO pups during hypercapnia, heart rate recovery posthypercapnia was impaired. In contrast, cardiorespiratory impairments in VPAC2 KO pups were limited to only an overall higher tidal volume (VT), independent of treatment. These findings suggest that PACAP signaling through the PAC1 receptor plays a more important role than signaling through the VPAC2 receptor in neonatal respiratory responses to hypercapnia. Thus deficits in PACAP signaling primarily via PAC1 may contribute to the inability of infants to mount an appropriate protective response to homeostatic stressors in childhood disorders such as SIDS.
Back to reality: differences in learning strategy in a simplified virtual and a real throwing task
Authors: Zhang Zhaoran , Sternad Dagmar
Published: November 2020

This study compared human performance of the same throwing task in a real and a matched virtual environment. With 3 days’ practice, subjects improved significantly faster in the real task, even though the arm and hand movements were more complex. Decomposing variability revealed that performance in the virtual environment, despite its simplified hand movements, required more exploration. Additionally, due to fewer constraints in the real task, subjects could modify the geometry of the solution manifold, by shifting the release position, and thereby simplify the task.
miR-139-5p Inhibits Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion by Targeting MAD2L1
Authors: Li Jianfeng , He Xi , Wu Xiaotang , Liu Xiaohui , Huang Yixiong , Gong Yuchen
Published: November 2020

Background. miR-139-5p is lowly expressed in various human cancers and exerts its antitumor effect through different molecular mechanisms, yet the molecular mechanism of miR-139-5p in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains to be further elucidated. The study is aimed at investigating the role and the regulatory mechanism of miR-139-5p in LUAD progression. Methods. Differential analysis was performed on miRNA expression data in the TCGA-LUAD dataset. qRT-PCR was employed to detect the transcription levels of miR-139-5p and MAD2L1 in LUAD cells, while western blot was carried out for the detection of MAD2L1 protein expression. CCK-8 and Transwell assays were implemented to assess LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to verify the direct targeting relationship between miR-139-5p and MAD2L1. Results. miR-139-5p was significantly downregulated in LUAD cells in comparison with that in human normal bronchial epithelial cells. Overexpressing miR-139-5p inhibited LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while opposite results could be observed when miR-139-5p was inhibited. MAD2L1 was identified as a direct target of miR-139-5p in LUAD. Besides, the inhibitory effect of miR-139-5p overexpression on LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was attenuated by overexpressing MAD2L1. Conclusion. Our study suggests that miR-139-5p is lowly expressed in LUAD cells and inhibits LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeted suppressing MAD2L1 expression. It is of potential significance for the prognosis and treatment of LUAD.
Recent Epidemiology Study Data of Myopia
Authors: Xiang Zhao-Yu , Zou Hai-Dong
Published: November 2020

Myopia, a pandemic refractive error, is affecting more and more people. The progression of myopia could cause numerously serious complications, even leading to blindness. This review summarizes the epidemiological studies on myopia after 2018 and analyzes the risk factors associated with myopia. The prevalence of myopia varies in different regions, age, and observation time. East Asia has been gripped by an unprecedented rise in myopia, and other parts of the world have also seen an increase. The prevalence of myopia in children continues to rise and aggravates with age. The prevalence of high myopia has also increased along with myopia. Racial dependence and family aggregation can be seen frequently in myopia patients. Increased outdoor activities are proven to be protective factors for myopia, as near-distance work and higher education levels affect in the opposite. The impact of gender or urbanization on myopia is controversial. The relationship between nutrition, digital screens, Kawasaki disease, pregnant women smoking during pregnancy, and myopia is still not clear for lack of sufficient evidence. Understanding the various factors that affect myopia helps to clarify the mechanism of myopia formation and also to formulate reasonable prevention and control measures of myopia to protect people’s health, especially for adolescents.
Rejuvenated Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Nitric Oxide in Premenopausal Women with Hyperhomocysteinemia
Authors: Peng Long , Gu Qianlin , Huang Zhenhua , Zeng Lijin , Chu Chang , Yang Xiaoan
Published: November 2020

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) induced endothelial dysfunction is associated with disturbance in circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Nevertheless, whether this unfavorable effect of HHcy on circulating EPCs also exists in premenopausal women is still unknown. Therefore, this leaves an area for the investigation of the difference on the number and activity of circulating EPCs in premenopausal women with hyperhomocysteinemia and its underlying mechanism. The number of circulating EPCs was measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis, as well as DiI-acLDL and lectin fluorescent staining. The migration and proliferation of circulating were evaluated by the Transwell chamber assay and MTT. Additionally, the endothelial function and levels of nitric oxide (NO), VEGF, and GM-CSF in plasma and culture medium were determined. The number or activity of circulating EPCs and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in premenopausal women with or without HHcy were higher than those in postmenopausal women. However, no significant effect of HHcy on the number or activity of circulating EPCs in premenopausal women was observed. A similar alteration in NO level between the four groups was observed. There was a correlation between FMD and the number or activity of EPCs, as well as NO level in plasma or secretion by EPCs. For the first time, our findings illuminated the quantitive or qualitative alterations of circulating EPCs and endothelial function in premenopausal patients with HHcy are preserved, which was associated with retained NO production. The recuperated endothelial repair capacity is possibly the potential mechanism interpreting cardiovascular protection in premenopausal women with HHcy.
Adaptive Dynamic Surface Integral Sliding Mode Fault-Tolerant Control for Multimachine Excitation Systems with SVC
Authors: Zhu Guoqiang , Ji Shuang , Li Zhiwei , Zhang Yilong
Published: November 2020

In this paper, an adaptive dynamic surface integral sliding mode fault-tolerant controller is designed for the multimachine power system with static var compensator (SVC) to overcome the problem of actuator failure. The main features of the proposed method are as follows: (1) By combining the dynamic surface control (DSC) method with integral sliding mode (ISM), the tracking errors of the system converge to the neighborhood of zero within a finite time, and the convergence speed, tracking accuracy, and anti-interference ability of the system are also significantly improved. (2) By introducing the failure factors, an adaptive fault-tolerant controller is designed to ensure the stability of the entire system after partial failure of the actuator. (3) By estimating the norm of the ideal weight vector of the radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs), the computational burden of the controller is reduced. Finally, the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Construction of a Potential Breast Cancer‐Related miRNA‐mRNA Regulatory Network
Authors: Liu Xinhong , Chen Feng , Tan Fang , Li Fang , Yi Ruokun , Yang Dingyi , Zhao Xin
Published: November 2020

Background. Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelial tissue of the breast gland and has become the most common malignancy in women. The regulation of the expression of related genes by microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in breast cancer. We constructed a comprehensive breast cancer‐miRNA‐gene interaction map. Methods. Three miRNA microarray datasets (GSE26659, GSE45666, and GSE58210) were obtained from the GEO database. Then, the R software “LIMMA” package was used to identify differential expression analysis. Potential transcription factors and target genes of screened differentially expressed miRNAs (DE‐miRNAs) were predicted. The BRCA GE‐mRNA datasets (GSE109169 and GSE139038) were downloaded from the GEO database for identifying differentially expressed genes (DE‐genes). Next, GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were conducted. A PPI network was then established, and hub genes were identified via Cytoscape software. The expression and prognostic roles of hub genes were further evaluated. Results. We found 6 upregulated differentially expressed‐ (DE‐) miRNAs and 18 downregulated DE‐miRNAs by analyzing 3 Gene Expression Omnibus databases, and we predicted the upstream transcription factors and downstream target genes for these DE‐miRNAs. Then, we used the GEO database to perform differential analysis on breast cancer mRNA and obtained differentially expressed mRNA. We found 10 hub genes of upregulated DE‐miRNAs and 10 hub genes of downregulated DE‐miRNAs through interaction analysis. Conclusions. In this study, we have performed an integrated bioinformatics analysis to construct a more comprehensive BRCA‐miRNA‐gene network and provide new targets and research directions for the treatment and prognosis of BRCA.
Segmentation of Intensity-Corrupted Medical Images Using Adaptive Weight-Based Hybrid Active Contours
Authors: Memon Asif Aziz , Soomro Shafiullah , Shahid Muhammad Tanseef , Munir Asad , Niaz Asim , Choi Kwang Nam
Published: November 2020

Segmentation accuracy is an important criterion for evaluating the performance of segmentation techniques used to extract objects of interest from images, such as the active contour model. However, segmentation accuracy can be affected by image artifacts such as intensity inhomogeneity, which makes it difficult to extract objects with inhomogeneous intensities. To address this issue, this paper proposes a hybrid region-based active contour model for the segmentation of inhomogeneous images. The proposed hybrid energy functional combines local and global intensity functions; an incorporated weight function is parameterized based on local image contrast. The inclusion of this weight function smoothens the contours at different intensity level boundaries, thereby yielding improved segmentation. The weight function suppresses false contour evolution and also regularizes object boundaries. Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, the proposed approach achieves superior results over synthetic and real images. Based on a quantitative analysis over the mini-MIAS and PH2 databases, the superiority of the proposed model in terms of segmentation accuracy, as compared with the ground truths, was confirmed. Furthermore, when using the proposed model, the processing time for image segmentation is lower than those when using other methods.
Upregulated Long Noncoding RNA UCA1 Enhances Warburg Effect via miR-203/HK2 Axis in Esophagal Cancer
Authors: Liu Hai-E , Shi Hao-Hong , Luo Xing-Jing
Published: November 2020

Reprogrammed glucose metabolism of enhanced aerobic glycolysis, also known as Warburg effect, which exerts a significant contributor to cancer progression, is regarded as a hallmark of cancer. The roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) in regulating cancer via metabolic reprogramming are mostly unknown, including esophagal cancer (EC). Here, we showed that how the lncRNA urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) exerts pro-oncogene in regulating EC glucose metabolism. Firstly, we found that upregulated UCA1 expression enhances the malignant phenotypes of EC, including poor outcome, larger tumor size, positive lymphatic invasion, and advanced pathological stages. UCA1 silencing could suppress EC cell proliferation and metastasis. Following, bioinformatics analyses revealed that UCA1 regulated the HK2 expression through functioning as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). Mechanistically, UCA1 overexpression could elevate the activation of HK2 oncogenes via inhibition of miR-203 activity, as evidenced by the positive correlation of UCA1 with HK2 and inverse correlation with miR-203 expression. Luciferase activity assay further verified the targeting relationship between UCA1, miR-203, and HK2. Upregulated UCA1 in EC cells significantly suppressed the degradation of HK2 by miR-203. Further research showed that upregulated UCA1 effectively increased the rate of glucose uptake, lactate output, and ECAR value, all of which can be attenuate by HK2 interference and 2-DG, whereas knockdown of UCA1 had the opposite effect. In sum, our findings suggest that the UCA1/miR-203/HK2 axis contributes to EC development by reprogramming tumor glucose metabolism, providing new insight into the management of EC patients.
Research on Standard Compliance Test Algorithm Based on Electronic Medical Records of Traditional Chinese Medicine Outpatients
Authors: He Li , Zhou Zi Yi , Niu Fu Sheng , Yang Yu Fan , Xu Qiang , Wen Chuan Biao , Sun Tao , Luo Yue
Published: November 2020

Objectives. To effectively evaluate the compliance degree between the electronic medical records of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) hospitals, as well as the information platform, and the related information standards of electronic medical records, a standard compliance testing scheme based on electronic medical records of TCM outpatients is proposed. Methods. This research selected the data of clinical outpatients accumulated in 10 years by the Digital Medicine Institute of Chengdu University of TCM and processed the data through security check and desensitization process. And then 28348 cases of processed electronic medical records of TCM outpatients were inputted into the standard compliance testing platform for assessment. The result was then outputted. Results. There are 924 cases among the 28348 that can be rated as five-star medical records, 84 cases four-star, 132 cases three-star, 12460 cases two-star, 13488 one-star, and 1260 cases zero-star through the integrity and standardization test. Conclusion. By the way of assessing the integrity and standardization of data, the standard compliance test algorithm scheme for electronic medical records of TCM outpatients introduced in this paper can solve the problems such as data unavailability caused by ununified codes and incomplete data in the data-sharing process and provides technical support for the construction of data standardization testing in electronic medical records of TCM outpatients.
Passenger Demand-Oriented High-Speed Train Stop Planning with Service-Node Features Analysis
Authors: Liu Fanxiao , Peng Qiyuan , Lu Gongyuan , Zhang Guangyuan
Published: November 2020

As a critical foundation for train traffic management, a train stop plan is associated with several other plans in high-speed railway train operation strategies. The current approach to train stop planning in China is based primarily on passenger demand volume information and the preset high-speed railway station level. With the goal of efficiently optimising the stop plan, this study proposes a novel method that uses machine learning techniques without a predetermined hypothesis and a complex solution algorithm. Clustering techniques are applied to assess the features of the service nodes (e.g., the station level). A modified Markov decision process (MDP) is conducted to express the entire stop plan optimisation process considering several constraints (service frequency at stations and number of train stops). A restrained MDP-based stop plan model is formulated, and a numerical experiment is conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach with real-world train operation data collected from the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway.
ZMYND8 Expression in Breast Cancer Cells Blocks T-Lymphocyte Surveillance to Promote Tumor Growth
Authors: Wang Yong , Luo Maowu , Chen Yan , Wang Yijie , Zhang Bo , Ren Zhenhua , Bao Lei , Wang Yanan , Wang Jennifer E. , Fu Yang-Xin , Luo Weibo , Wang Yingfei
Published: November 2020

Emerging studies indicate that DNA damage in cancer cells triggers antitumor immunity, but its intrinsic regulatory mechanism in breast cancer cells remains poorly understood. Here, we show that ZMYND8 is upregulated and inhibits micronucleus formation and DNA damage in breast cancer cells. Loss of ZMYND8 triggered activation of the DNA sensor cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase in micronuclei, leading to further activation of the downstream signaling effectors stimulator of IFN genes and NF-κB, but not TANK-binding kinase 1 and IFN regulatory factor 3, thereby inducing the expression of IFNβ and IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) in breast cancer cells in vitro and tumors in vivo. ZMYND8 knockout (KO) in breast cancer cells promoted infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, leading to tumor inhibition in syngeneic mouse models, which was significantly attenuated by treatment of anti-CD4/CD8–depleting antibodies or anti-IFNAR1 antibody and in immunodeficient Rag1 KO mice. In human breast tumors, ZMYND8 was negatively correlated with ISGs, CD4, CD8A, CD8B, and the tumor-lymphocyte infiltration phenotype. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that maintenance of genome stability by ZMYND8 causes breast cancer cells to evade cytotoxic T-lymphocyte surveillance, which leads to tumor growth.

Significance:

These findings show that ZMYND8 is a new negative and intrinsic regulator of the innate immune response in breast tumor cells, and ZMYND8 may be a possible target for antitumor immunotherapy.
Discrimination of Breast Cancer from Healthy Breast Tissue Using a Three-component Diffusion-weighted MRI Model
Authors: Andreassen Maren M. Sjaastad , Rodríguez-Soto Ana E. , Conlin Christopher C. , Vidić Igor , Seibert Tyler M. , Wallace Anne M. , Zare Somaye , Kuperman Joshua , Abudu Boya , Ahn Grace S. , Hahn Michael , Jerome Neil P. , Østlie Agnes , Bathen Tone F. , Ojeda-Fournier Haydee , Goa Pål Erik , Rakow-Penner Rebecca , Dale Anders M.
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) is a contrast-free modality that has demonstrated ability to discriminate between predefined benign and malignant breast lesions. However, how well DW-MRI discriminates cancer from all other breast tissue voxels in a clinical setting is unknown. Here we explore the voxelwise ability to distinguish cancer from healthy breast tissue using signal contributions from the newly developed three-component multi-b-value DW-MRI model.

Experimental Design:

Patients with pathology-proven breast cancer from two datasets (n = 81 and n = 25) underwent multi-b-value DW-MRI. The three-component signal contributions C1 and C2 and their product, C1C2, and signal fractions F1, F2, and F1F2 were compared with the image defined on maximum b-value (DWImax), conventional apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and apparent diffusion kurtosis (Kapp). The ability to discriminate between cancer and healthy breast tissue was assessed by the false-positive rate given a sensitivity of 80% (FPR80) and ROC AUC.

Results:

Mean FPR80 for both datasets was 0.016 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.008–0.024] for C1C2, 0.136 (95% CI, 0.092–0.180) for C1, 0.068 (95% CI, 0.049–0.087) for C2, 0.462 (95% CI, 0.425–0.499) for F1F2, 0.832 (95% CI, 0.797–0.868) for F1, 0.176 (95% CI, 0.150–0.203) for F2, 0.159 (95% CI, 0.114–0.204) for DWImax, 0.731 (95% CI, 0.692–0.770) for ADC, and 0.684 (95% CI, 0.660–0.709) for Kapp. Mean ROC AUC for C1C2 was 0.984 (95% CI, 0.977–0.991).

Conclusions:

The C1C2 parameter of the three-component model yields a clinically useful discrimination between cancer and healthy breast tissue, superior to other DW-MRI methods and obliviating predefining lesions. This novel DW-MRI method may serve as noncontrast alternative to standard-of-care dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.
Cholangiocarcinoma Evaluation via Imaging and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Yang Chun Mei , Shu Jian
Published: November 2020

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a relatively rare malignant biliary system tumor, and yet it represents the second most common primary hepatic neoplasm, following hepatocellular carcinoma. Regardless of the type, location, or etiology, the survival prognosis of these tumors remains poor. The only method of cure for CCA is complete surgical resection, but part of patients with complete resection are still subject to local recurrence or distant metastasis. Summary: Over the last several decades, our understanding of the molecular biology of CCA has increased tremendously, diagnostic and evaluative techniques have evolved, and novel therapeutic approaches have been established. Key Messages: This review provides an overview of preoperative imaging evaluations of CCA. Furthermore, relevant information about artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging is discussed, as well as the development of AI in CCA treatment.
How to Cope with Big Data in Functional Analysis of the Esophagus
Authors: Jell Alissa , Kuttler Christina , Ostler Daniel , Hüser Norbert
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Esophageal motility disorders have a severe impact on patients’ quality of life. While high-resolution manometry (HRM) is the gold standard in the diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders, intermittently occurring muscular deficiencies often remain undiscovered if they do not lead to an intense level of discomfort or cause suffering in patients. Ambulatory long-term HRM allows us to study the circadian (dys)function of the esophagus in a unique way. With the prolonged examination period of 24 h, however, there is an immense increase in data which requires personnel and time for evaluation not available in clinical routine. Artificial intelligence (AI) might contribute here by performing an autonomous analysis. Methods: On the basis of 40 previously performed and manually tagged long-term HRM in patients with suspected temporary esophageal motility disorders, we implemented a supervised machine learning algorithm for automated swallow detection and classification. Results: For a set of 24 h of long-term HRM by means of this algorithm, the evaluation time could be reduced from 3 days to a core evaluation time of 11 min for automated swallow detection and clustering plus an additional 10–20 min of evaluation time, depending on the complexity and diversity of motility disorders in the examined patient. In 12.5% of patients with suggested esophageal motility disorders, AI-enabled long-term HRM was able to reveal new and relevant findings for subsequent therapy. Conclusion: This new approach paves the way to the clinical use of long-term HRM in patients with temporary esophageal motility disorders and might serve as an ideal and clinically relevant application of AI.
Upregulated ox40l Can Be Inhibited by miR-146a-5p in Condylar Chondrocytes Induced by IL-1β and TNF-α: A Possible Regulatory Mechanism in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Yu Ding , Wei Wang , Hefeng Yang , Weihao Li , Qianqian Qu , Song Li
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common musculoskeletal disease characterized by pain, stiffness, limited activity, occasional effusion, and local inflammation. MiR-146 is one of the noncoding RNA closely related to OA, but the role of miR-146 in OA remains controversial. The tumour necrosis factor receptor OX40 is activated by its cognate ligand OX40L (TNFSF4) and functions as a T-cell costimulatory molecule. The T-cell functions, including cytokine production, expansion, and survival, are enhanced by the OX40 costimulatory signals. Methods: We established an inflammatory model of condylar chondrocytes induced by IL-1β and TNF-α and detected the expression of miRNA by miRNA sequencing. Then, cell transfection was used to study the role of miR146a-5p in OA. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and database analysis were used to screen out potential target genes of miR-146a-5p. A dual luciferase activity assay tested whether ox40l is the target gene of miR-146a-5p. Results: MiR-146a-5p and OX40L was upregulated after induced by IL-1β and TNF-α, miR-146a-5p reduced the production of inflammatory factors but had no effect on chondrophenotypic factors, and ox40l was targeted by miR-146a-5p. Conclusion: OX40L and miR-146a-5p of condylar chondrocytes in the inflammatory environment (induced by IL-1β and TNF-α) were significantly increased, miR-146a-5p is a protective factor in the inflammatory response, which can reduce the production of inflammatory factors, and miR-146a-5p may regulate T-cell-mediated immunity through targeting of ox40l in OA.
perspectiva dos pais sobre a reabilitação fisioterapêutica de crianças com deficiência múltipla
Authors: Pamplona Edilene Araújo , Neves Robson da Fonseca , Araújo Andressa Medeiros , Guedes de Brito Geraldo Eduardo , Soares Forte Franklin Delano , Queiroz Silva Ribeiro Kátia Suely
Published: November 2020

A deficiência múltipla (DM) é caracterizada pela presença de duas ou mais deficiências que são capazes de influenciar o desenvolvimento e a funcionalidade dos indivíduos que a possui. A reabilitação nestes casos passa invariavelmente pela atuação fisioterapêutica que pode proporcionar ganhos funcionais e sociais para a crianças que sofrem com a DM e para suas famílias. Objetivo: Analisar como a literatura científica aborda a percepção dos pais em relação ao tratamento fisioterapêutico de crianças com deficiência múltipla. Método: Foi realizada uma metassíntese qualitativa por meio de uma busca sistemática de estudos qualitativos publicados entre 2013 e 2018 nas bases de dados Scopus e PsycINFO. A análise dos dados consistiu em três etapas propostas: sistematização dos conceitos de primeira ordem, que envolvem a identificação dos conceitos encontrados nos artigos originais; a interpretação de segunda ordem, processo de comparação e interpretação de conceitos que se repetem e, por fim, a síntese interpretativa, que são uma reinterpretação dos conceitos de segunda ordem. Resultados: Foram incluídos oito estudos e deles emergiram cinco conceitos de segunda ordem que serviram de base para a elaboração de duas sínteses interpretativas: Participação dos pais no processo de reabilitação e Informação e comunicação entre pais e fisioterapeutas na percepção das melhoras físicas obtidas com o tratamento. Conclusão: Os estudos apontaram que os pais percebem a eficácia do tratamento fisioterapêutico, no entanto, foram identificadas algumas barreiras que dificultam a realização de uma intervenção adequada.
Comparação da funcionalidade, risco de quedas e medo de cair em idosos em razão do perfil de prática de atividade física
Authors: Oliveira Daniel Vicentini de , Franco Maura Fernandes , Yamashita Felipe Carmona , Nascimento Matheus Amarante do , Freire Gabriel Lucas Morais , Nascimento Júnior José Roberto Andrade do , Oliveira Rogéria Vicentini de , Bertoloni Sonia Maria Marques Gomes
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Comparar a funcionalidade, o risco de quedas e o medo de cair em idosos em razão do perfil de prática de atividade física. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 80 idosos de ambos os sexos. Foi utilizado um questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde, o medo de cair foi avaliado pela Escala de Eficácia de Quedas (FES-I) e a funcionalidade foi avaliada por meio da avaliação de saúde e deficiência (WHODAS 2.0). Resultados: A análise dos dados foi feita por meio dos testes Kolmogorov-Smirnov, testes de Kruskal-Wallis e “U” de Mann-Whitney. Considerou-se um nível de significância de p<0,05. Os principais achados demonstraram que os idosos que frequentam a academia mais de três vezes por semana apresentam melhor capacidade funcional em medo de quedas (p = 0,020) e nos domínios de cognição (p = 0,024), mobilidade (p = 0,042) e autocuidado (p = 0,036). Conclusão: A maior frequência de atividade física parecer ser fator interveniente nos menores risco de quedas, menor medo de cair e maior funcionalidade.
Frida Meyer: sociabilidade feminina na Porto Alegre dos anos 1920
Authors: Martins Milena Ribeiro
Published: November 2020

This article presents the novel Frida Meyer (1924) by Vivaldo Coaracy from the perspective of the History of the Book, proposing links between the literary text and its graphic materiality. It then documents its publishing process, brings data to the study of its circulation, and discusses its first critical reception. Through the analysis of central elements of the plot, this article also seeks to elicit the reading of Vivaldo Coaracy’s novel, attributing importance to the representation of women’s intimate and social life, of Porto Alegre’s urban environment and of the context of World War I in Brazilian literature.
Apresentação
Authors: Barel Ana Beatriz Demarchi
Published: November 2020

Apresentação do dossiê Viajantes.
Frei Agostinho de Jesus (c. 1600/10-1661): um artista beneditino na fronteira entre dois mundos – a América portuguesa e espanhola
Authors: Schunk Rafael
Published: November 2020

At the Piratininga plateau, São Paulo, Brazil, the first social relationships have been born through marriages between Tupis and Portugueses. The opposite of the secular Paraguayan society, made up of Spanish and Guaranis. These relationships, turned into a mix of cultures resulting in an idea of backwoods: miscegenation and freedom, ran away from Iberic control. The pioneers from São Paulo, “paulistas”, used the old indigenas ways, looking for wealth. They returned to the silver of Potosi, bringing their experience and missionary labor. Through the middle of the way, in Santana de Parnaíba, was friar Agostinho de Jesus, the first, and most important Brazilian artist. From 1643, friar Agostinho living with the Benedictines transformed the culture of Brazil, into a significant moment of national art. In Parnaíba, the master found an original and mixed society, creating masterpieces, standarts of sacred art in São Paulo, birth of national identity.
O caminho de Minas Gerais a Goiás: viajantes, povoadores, modelos e imagens
Authors: Dias Marcos Horácio Gomes
Published: November 2020

A problemática deste artigo é referente ao contexto do surgimento da arte mineira e goiana no século XVIII, marcada pelas origens paulistas e pela colonização portuguesa e a afirmação dos valores católicos cristãos. As obras desse período são condicionadas pela economia do ouro e por uma sociedade baseada em cânones aristocratas e escravocratas. A história de São Paulo, Minas Gerais e Goiás caracteriza-se, acima de tudo, por uma religiosidade assinalada pela forte presença da organização laica das ordens terceiras, confrarias e irmandades. Nesse sentido, todo um aparato artístico foi importante para mostrar, distinguir e ordenar essa sociedade que ficara rica rapidamente, ao mesmo tempo em que grandes setores dessa mesma sociedade estivessem pobres.
A Implantação do Sistema Municipal de Bibliotecas de São Paulo e a Renovação da Biblioteca Mário de Andrade
Authors: Calil Carlos Augusto
Published: November 2020

The author reflects on the municipal library system, bringing up the discussion about the work carried out by librarians, mainly from the city of São Paulo, between 2005 and 2012 – a very intense process of reinvigorating the city’s public libraries. He describes his career at the period, in which he accompanied the efforts of the librarians and assisted in their work.
Descaminhos do Colecionismo
Authors: Machado Ubiratan
Published: November 2020

The author reflects over his path to acquire his books and his condition as a learner of the bibliophile trade. He also addresses a few aspects related to bibliophilia – some historical and others from the present time – which troubled all the friends of the book.
Cristina Antunes: extraordinária leitora e guardiã dos livros
Authors: Dias Débora
Published: November 2020

From a house at Princesa Isabel Street to the impressive building at  USP, Cristina Antunes (1951-2019) is a protagonist who follows the formation and development of a library which is constituted by many collections, from different periods of time. In this text, she is invited to remember its trajectory, in which condenses and mixes the reflection over the act of reading and the interaction of researchers and collectors with the experience of someone who have always been close to the manuscript, printed version and the libraries. A talk, based on two interviews, is also a tribute to the “cordéis” collector, paleographer, translator, library specialist, book organizer, writer, researcher and above everything, reader.
Bibliofilia: Circuitos e Memórias
Authors: Martins Filho Plinio , Zeron Carlos Alberto de Moura
Published: November 2020

Apresentação do segundo número da Revista pelos editores Plinio Martins Filho e Carlos Alberto Zeron.
O amável senhor dos Livros
Authors: Nazarian Elisa
Published: November 2020

This article is a personal account of the author regarding her relationship with José Mindlin, an industrialist who formed a large collection of rare books. Elisa Nazarian tells how she met the bibliophile, then started to work in his library, and how he helped her in her writing career.
A Conquista de A Cinza das Horas de Manuel Bandeira
Authors: Ribeiro Ésio Macedo
Published: November 2020

Por conta da tiragem reduzida nos anos de publicação, Manuel Bandeira é um dos autores com as primeiras edições mais difíceis de serem encontradas e colecionadas. Esse texto é um relato pessoal da conquista, após algumas tentativas frustradas, de um dos raríssimos exemplares em primeira edição de A Cinza das Horas (1917).
O Bibliotecário na conservação de livros raros
Authors: Sant'Ana Rizio Bruno
Published: November 2020

Relato, em primeira pessoa, da trajetória de quase trinta anos de um bibliotecário da rede pública de bibliotecas da cidade de São Paulo. Descreve os trabalhos na Seção de Obras Raras da Biblioteca Mário de Andrade, desde a sua reorganização até os projetos desenvolvidos de conservação e digitalização do acervo. Atuando como Curador de Obras Raras, o autor organizou exposições, publicou artigos e bibliografias e participou de cursos e estágios nas áreas de biblioteconomia e conservação de livros antigos, tanto no Brasil como nos Estados Unidos.
Vaga-lumes: uma análise do filme “Mamma Roma” de Pasolini
Authors: Camargo Pedro de
Published: November 2020

Utilizando-se dos conceitos de imagem vaga-lume propostos por Didi-Huberman na obra A Sobrevivência dos Vaga-lumes (2011), esse artigo realiza uma análise estética do filme Mamma Roma (1962) de Pasolini. Objetiva-se demonstrar como as imagens criadas pelo diretor italiano podem ser interpretadas como imagens vaga-lume, numa tentativa de empreender uma crítica à sociedade neofascistas instaurada na Itália pós-guerra.
Toni Venturi
Authors: Ramos Mariana , Paula Rafael de
Published: November 2020

Toni Venturi é um diretor e produtor de cinema, é graduado em Cinema pela USP e Artes Fotográficas pela University Of Ryerson, no Canadá. Seu trabalho possui títulos premiados, tais como “Latitude Zero”, “Cabra-cega”, “No Olho do Furacão”, “Estamos Juntos” e “Dia de Festa”. Suas produções possuem a recorrente temática de movimentos sociais e a ditadura civil-militar brasileira.
Insuficiências: produção artística e dramaturgia na montagem de um espetáculo de dança
Authors: Silva Carolina da
Published: November 2020

O presente trabalho pretende apresentar a produção artística de forma visual e conceitual no que diz respeito a alguns caminhos dos processos de criação e finalização da obra, apresentando a poética resultante através de fotografias do espetáculo.
caminho do pós-terror na crítica cinematográfica brasileira na internet
Authors: Aguiar Caroline de
Published: November 2020

Em um artigo para o The Guardian, Steve Rose usa pela primeira vez o termo pós-terror, referindo-se à nova leva de filmes de terror que quebram as regras do gênero. Pretendo traçar o caminho percorrido por esse termo na crítica cinematográfica brasileira na internet através da análise de dois artigos.
Clinical Presentation of Sustained Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Without Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Havakuk Ofer , Viskin Dana , Viskin Sami , Adler Arnon , Rozenbaum Zach , Elbaz Zuzut Meital , Borohovitz Ariel , Chorin Ehud , Rosso Raphael
Published: November 2020

Background

“Palpitations” are one of the most common complaints prompting medical attention. Textbooks of medicine and cardiology as well as guideline documents and position papers describe palpitations as a common symptom of ventricular tachycardia (VT). However, data to support this description are lacking. The aim of our study was to evaluate the symptomatology of sustained monomorphic VT with emphasis on the prevalence of palpitations.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients presenting to our center with a first event of a regular sustained monomorphic VT (n=59) or a regular supraventricular tachycardia (SVT; n=109) between January 2012 and September 2019 were interviewed regarding their symptoms during the arrhythmic event. We included only patients with a first arrhythmic event to avoid the influence of previous medical encounters on our patients’ terminology. As expected, patients with VT were older (age 68.8±13.6 versus 52.6±16.8 years;
P
<0.001), more often of male sex (94.9% versus 37.6%;
P
<0.001), had lower left ventricular ejection fraction (37±11% versus 59±2%,
P
<0.001) and more comorbidities (87.6% versus 40.5%;
P
<0.001) compared with patients with SVT. Importantly, even though the heart rate upon presentation did not differ between the 2 groups (165±26 beats/min during VT versus 171±32 beats/min during SVT;
P
=0.16), symptomatology differed significantly; specifically, palpitations were reported in only 8.8% of VT patients, compared with 90.7% of SVT patients (
P
<0.001). Common symptoms in the VT group included chest pain (64%), dyspnea (21%), and dizziness (26%).

Conclusions

Despite similar heart rate, patients with VT rarely report having palpitations, whereas patients with SVT do so commonly. This finding may assist with decision making in patients reporting palpitations in whom an ECG tracing is not available.
A Point by Point Response to Donald Wiebe: A Manifesto for the Scientific Study of Religion
Authors: Jensen Jeppe Sinding
Published: November 2020

A point by point response to Wiebe’s ‘Manifesto’, mostly in support of the ‘methodological naturalism’—with added precautions on the current use of the term ‘science’. A philosophy for the study of religion is called for, with an epistemological range that caters for collective methodologies and social ontologies; respects the analytic distinction between ‘subject matter’ and ‘theoretical object’—and, ultimately, the theory-ladenness of all talk about ‘religion’. Naturalism is not about givens in the study of meaningful human behavior.
Interest and Banks in Saudi Arabia: A Dilemma
Authors: Alamer Saleh Abdulrahman
Published: November 2020

The banking system in Saudi Arabia faces legal issues with Sharīʿah compliance. Despite the fact that Islamic law is the main drive of the country’s legal system, Islamic banking is not well supported in the banking regulations and it may encounter legal obstacles in applying some Islamic financial mechanisms. On the other hand, conventional banking is not free of legal hurdles as it is challenged by the Islamic judiciary system in the country where interest-based loans are not enforced. These cases create a dilemma where the banking system in the country has to take a clearer legal position toward interest and Islamic banking.
Religion and Secularism in Nigeria: The Effect of Compulsory Dress Codes in the Educational System on the Right to Practice Religion
Authors: Araromi Marcus Ayodeji , Adeyemo Deborah D.
Published: November 2020

Though Nigeria is regarded as a secular state, there are two major religions which are predominantly practiced. Religious sentiments have permeated the societal space in Nigeria and often times the ardent practice and observance of religious tenets lead to perennial conflicts with governmental policies. It is one of the fundamental precepts of human rights that the religious belief of individuals should be respected, therefore the provision for the protection of right to religion in the national laws and some international instruments. The education system requires specific dress codes which must be observed. It is against this backdrop that this paper examines the right to practice religion in Nigeria and the obvious conflicts between this practice and policies in the Nigerian education system particularly at primary and post-primary school levels. The paper addresses the scope of the right to practice one’s religion under the law vis-à-vis governmental policies in educational institutions.
Textual Criticism, Translation Studies, and Symmachus’s Version in the Book of Job
Authors: Salvesen Alison
Published: November 2020

The late second century CE translator/reviser Symmachus took a very different approach to the versions of his predecessor Aquila. His renderings do not appear to have survived in Jewish circles but were much admired by early Christian scholars, thanks to their preservation in Origen’s Hexapla. However, for textual critics of the Hebrew Bible Symmachus’ free approach has limited his value since his readings cannot be easily retroverted, unlike those of Aquila or Theodotion. In the case of the book of Job, although Symmachus’ “transformations” (to use a term from Descriptive Translation Studies) differ in nature from the freedoms observed in OG Job, while rejecting the narrow isomorphism of Aquila and Theodotion he nevertheless adheres quite closely to his Hebrew Vorlage. This offers the possibility of identifying elements significant for textual criticism in his rendering, including variant reading traditions or a different consonantal text.
The Effect of Lower Limb Revascularization on Flow, Perfusion, and Systemic Endothelial Function: A Systematic Review
Authors: Normahani Pasha , Khosravi Sodabeh , Sounderajah Viknesh , Aslam Mohamed , Standfield Nigel J. , Jaffer Usman
Published: November 2020

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with reduced lower limb blood flow and tissue perfusion. The consequent reduction in vessel wall shear stress as well as ischemia–reperfusion injury has also been associated with systemic endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. We aimed to explore the impact of lower limb revascularization on (1) lower limb blood flow, (2) tissue perfusion, and (3) systemic endothelial function. We performed a systematic literature search using the MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Eligible studies measured changes in lower limb blood flow, perfusion, or systemic endothelial function following revascularization for the treatment of symptomatic PAD. We found 19 eligible studies, which were limited by considerable heterogeneity. Current evidence suggests that revascularization has a positive effect on flow, perfusion, and systemic endothelial dysfunction. Any changes may take a number of weeks to become apparent. There is a need for well-designed studies to explore the association between flow, perfusion, and endothelial dysfunction.
Differences Between Morbid Obesity With Metabolic Syndrome and Overweight Turkish Adult Participants in Multiple Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
Authors: Bostan Cem , Kaya Aysem , Yigit Zerrin
Published: November 2020

Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are public health problems and are increasing globally. We assessed the differences in lipid profiles through lipid testing, thrombotic and inflammatory parameters, and oxidative stress indexes between overweight and obese patients with MetS in a Turkish adult population. We included 100 obese (body mass index [BMI] >30 kg/m2) patients with MetS (66 women, 34 men, mean age 54.0 ± 10.1 years) and 15 overweight (BMI 25-30 kg/m2) individuals (11 women, 4 men, mean age 50.2 ± 14.5 years) as controls. The group with MetS had significantly higher levels of glycaemia, uric acid, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, homocysteine, fibrinogen, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, small dense LDL, oxidized LDL, apolipoprotein B (Apo B), lipoprotein (a), small and intermediate high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, oxidative stress index, and significantly lower levels of HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), Apo A, and large HDL particles. In conclusion, obesity with MetS increase atherogenic dyslipidemia and thrombotic, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. Furthermore, obesity with MetS decreases protective mechanisms of atherosclerosis. We should at least try to prevent overweight individuals from becoming obese with MetS.