bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variaciones morfológicas y corológicas de los principales mamíferos explotados en una localidad arqueológica de la costa atlántica nordpatagónica
Authors: Borella Florencia , L’Heureux G. Lorena
Published: November 2022

La costa oeste del Golfo San Matías (Pcia. de Río Negro, Argentina) es un sector del litoral nordpatagónico del que se posee escasa información zooarqueológica. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un estudio osteométrico desarrollado sobre restos óseos de dos grandes mamíferos (Otariidae y Lama guanicoe) recuperados en estratigrafía en la localidad arqueológica de Punta Odriozola, correspondientes a ocupaciones de cazadores–recolectores-pescadores pedestres con cronología cercana a los 3.000 años AP. En el caso de los otáridos se identificó a la especie Arctocephalus australis como presa aprovechada para la subsistencia. A partir de la determinación de clases de edad y sexo se discute el tipo apostadero explotado y se plantea el predominio de esta especie en el área en el pasado, en contraste al panorama actual. En cuanto al guanaco (Lama guanicoe) se determinó clase de edad y se registró un mayor tamaño de los especímenes arqueológicos respecto de las poblaciones modernas. A partir de ello se discuten las posibles causas de las variaciones morfológicas halladas considerando la escasa presión de caza sufrida por este mamífero terrestre durante el Holoceno tardío inicial en el área de estudio.
El püron/pron o khipu mapuche. Implicancias simbólicas, usos y posibles aproximaciones históricas y culturales
Authors: Bachraty Dagmar
Published: November 2022

Se presentan variados antecedentes respecto a los usos del püron mapuche dentro de la zona centro-sur de Chile. Tales antecedentes hacen prever una aproximación funcional de este sistema dentro de ámbitos de carácter bélico colonial a partir de características narrativas y contables similares al khipu incaico. Como es sabido el khipu incaico es contenedor de epistemologías ideográficas de comunicación, tanto contables como narrativas, donde desde este ámbito comparativo, se observa al pron descrito en crónicas coloniales como una herramienta de citación, acuerdo bélico, distinción política mediante la representación de un color y calendaria. Por otra parte, según estudios actuales, el püron, presenta nuevas estéticas aludidas a un sistema contable de uso doméstico. No encontrándose registros arqueológicos en museos de ningún tipo, o descartándose alguna influencia previa al Incario debido a influencias derivadas de contactos andinos.
¿Qué, cómo y quiénes comen a través de un ushnu? Historias de comensalidad en el ushnu de Guitián (Salta, Argentina)
Authors: Amuedo Claudia , Ferrari Alejandro , Acuto Félix , Lema Verónica S.
Published: November 2022

En este artículo discutiremos las prácticas de comensalidad diaguita e inca en torno a la plataforma ushnu de Guitián (valle Calchaquí norte, Salta, Argentina). Las excavaciones que llevamos adelante en el interior de la plataforma nos permitieron identificar, recuperar y analizar variados rasgos y depósitos. Daremos cuenta de la estratigrafía, materiales, y contextos arqueológicos reconocidos durante las excavaciones prestando especial atención a la evidencia arqueobotánica. Argumentaremos que, durante las ceremonias desarrolladas en la plaza y en torno al ushnu, los Incas intentaron reorganizar las interacciones locales con una poderosa entidad no humana del paisaje local (cerro Meléndez). Sin embargo, esta reorganización no implicó cambios radicales en el modo y en aquello que los invitados locales consideraban adecuado ofrendar. Por el contrario, existen claras continuidades en la comensalidad diaguita antes y durante la ocupación inca.
Prácticas funerarias y ritualidad en la Quebrada de Los Corrales, Tucumán-Argentina (3.800-3.500 a.p.)
Authors: Martínez Jorge G. , Oliszewski Nurit , Arreguez Guillermo A. , Backwell Lucinda R. , Luna Leandro H. , Molar Rocío , Naharro María Eugenia
Published: November 2022

En este trabajo presentamos los resultados de un análisis integral sobre el contexto funerario más antiguo detectado en la Quebrada de Los Corrales, la cual se ubica a una altitud promedio de 3.100 msnm en el sector norte del sistema montañoso Aconquija, en el oeste de la provincia de Tucumán, Argentina. Este contexto mortuorio fue detectado en el sitio Taller Puesto Viejo 1 (3.154 msnm) y fue datado entre ca. 3.800-3.500 a.p. Se trata de un tipo de práctica funeraria muy inusual para esta área y momento, representada por cremaciones humanas asociadas con un conjunto diverso de elementos acompañantes que incluyen objetos ornamentales, un artefacto óseo y granos de quinoa y maíz. Nuestro objetivo se orienta hacia la evaluación del significado ritual del acto de cremación y del conjunto de materiales asociados a los restos humanos. Los resultados sugieren una práctica funeraria llevada a cabo por grupos cazadores-recolectores en el marco de un proceso de transición y cambio que llevó posteriormente al establecimiento pleno de un modelo de producción pastoril y agrícola hacia el primer milenio de la Era Cristiana.
Entre sustancias y fragmentos: La construcción del cuerpo y la persona en el NOA
Authors: Prieto Carolina
Published: November 2022

Habitualmente el Período Medio (ca. 600-1000 d.C.) en el Noroeste Argentino (NOA) ha sido caracterizado a partir de la presencia de sociedades Aguada, las cuales compartieron una serie de elementos de común denominación en lo que concierne a sus repertorios simbólicos. En este sentido, y como modelo central, los estudios han buscado resaltar la presencia de dichas recurrencias en las diferentes áreas de ocupación. En las últimas décadas se ha propuesto que, pese a que Aguada haya tenido una expresión regional, existieron procesos que fueron objetivados de modo particular en cada lugar, en función de la historia y relación de cada territorio. De lo antedicho se desprende el objetivo de este trabajo, el cual consiste en poder reflexionar en las nociones particulares de cuerpo y persona, para luego aplicarlo al estudio de figurinas provenientes de diferentes regiones del NOA. Se parte de los postulados de la Arqueología de la Personhood, así como ciertos trabajos centrados en el estudio del cuerpo. Entre los resultados preliminares podemos ver que la persona posee modos de ser alternativos al individualismo, y que el cuerpo no necesariamente se constriñe a sus límites biológicos.
Piedras que se mueven: estudio sobre grabados rupestres en asentamientos aldeanos de Cachi y La Poma (Salta, Argentina)
Authors: Rivolta María Clara , Cabral Ortiz Jorge Esteban
Published: November 2022

Las representaciones rupestres en el Valle Calchaquí Norte además de ser expresiones abundantes y características se destacan por estar localizadas al interior de poblados arqueológicos, así como también en concentraciones especiales denominadas “campos de petroglifos”. Tanto en el Departamento de Cachi como en el de La Poma se han identificado numerosos sitios con petroglifos entre los cuales una característica relevante es el grado de portabilidad que presentan sumado al hecho que fueron localizados en contextos arqueológicos heterogéneos. A partir de esta propuesta brindamos un registro actualizado de petroglifos correspondientes a contextos Formativos en las localidades citadas, así como también discutiremos dos aspectos principales. En primer lugar, las representaciones antropomorfas particularmente centradas en la ejecución del rostro, a fin de articular esta iconografía con otras manifestaciones en la región. En segundo lugar, como parte de lineamientos teóricos específicos, debatiremos acerca de las posibilidades de que estas representaciones portables pudieran formar parte de prácticas rituales llevadas a cabo en diferentes ámbitos y escenarios de la vida cotidiana.
Concepción socio-espacial en el altiplano boliviano: los casos de Tiahuanaco y Jesús de Machaca (La Paz, Bolivia)
Authors: Arano Romero Salvador
Published: November 2022

Las fronteras actuales, en la mayoría de los casos, no nos permiten establecer relaciones directas entre territorios geopolíticamente establecidos. Sin embargo, esto no quiere decir que nunca haya existido tal relación, sobre todo en el mundo andino. En un intento de salirnos de esas fronteras convencionales, en el presente trabajo, proponemos una reflexión acerca de la concepción socio-espacial del entorno circundante en los municipios de Tiahuanaco y Jesús de Machaca. A partir de datos historiográficos, etnográficos y geográficos, proponemos una relación entre los mitos de origen, cuentos, relatos y la percepción del espacio por parte de los pobladores locales. Esta percepción establece que cada región geográfica (Tiahuanaco, Jesús de Machaca y la serranía) se identifica con un animal tutelar (cóndor, puma/titi, serpiente) y genera un sentido de identidad en sus habitantes.
Desafíos para la antropología de la salud: Repensando un abordaje teórico-metodológico para la formación, la investigación y la acción
Authors: Álvarez Carimoney Andrea , Ruiz Contreras Marisol , Anigstein María Sol , Oyarce Ana María
Published: November 2022

En este artículo se reflexiona sobre la Antropología de la Salud, entendida como un campo de convergencia entre las ciencias sociales y las ciencias biomédicas, para dar cuenta de sus posibilidades y desafíos en la disciplina de la salud pública. Se propone un enfoque dialógico crítico sobre los paradigmas que sustentan ambas disciplinas, configurando un espacio transdisciplinario que oriente la investigación y la docencia hacia la transformación de las condiciones de existencia que subyacen a las principales determinaciones de la salud y el bienestar de las personas y comunidades. A partir de la dicotomía mente-cuerpo en salud mental y salud reproductiva, se proponen tres áreas de tensión, con sus respectivas propuestas que hacen de la antropología una perspectiva única y poderosa para trabajar en el campo de la salud pública, a saber: tensión paradigmática y transdisciplinariedad; los dilemas entre lenguajes disciplinares y traducibilidad, así como la problemática entre antropología médica y antropología aplicada, proponiendo una antropología de la salud crítica, aplicada e implicada.
Imaginario social de docentes y profesionales de salud de tres colegios de Santiago sobre el cuerpo y la sexualidad de escolares migrantes latinoamericanos
Authors: Obach Alexandra , Sirlopú David , Urrutia Carla
Published: November 2022

El artículo corresponde a una aproximación al imaginario social que presentan docentes y personal de salud de tres escuelas de una comuna de Santiago, en relación con adolescentes migrantes latinoamericanos, en los ámbitos de cuerpo y sexualidad. Los resultados se basan en entrevistas realizadas a docentes y profesionales de salud de las escuelas abordadas. De este material se desprende una construcción del imaginario social en torno a estudiantes extranjeros, a partir de la interpretación que se realiza de sus cuerpos, basada en la racialización y sexualización. Se develan discursos que generan segregación y jerarquización social al interior de las escuelas, lo que se asocia con relaciones de dominación específicas que reproducen una hegemonía de lo “blanco”, generando una subalternidad del otro a través de la significación de sus cuerpos. Esta dinámica se ve intensificada en el caso de las estudiantes colombianas, sobre quienes recaen con mayor fuerza estereotipos que las cosifican. Indagar en estas temáticas es relevante toda vez que los imaginarios que emergen desde docentes y personal de salud sobre estudiantes migrantes permean las enseñanzas que transmiten en las comunidades educativas, teniendo un impacto directo en los discursos y prácticas que se instalan en dichos espacios respecto a la comunidad migrante internacional.
El cuidado en la atención del nacimiento: de la responsabilidad individual a la colectiva
Authors: Sadler Michelle , Vezzani Francisca , Watkins Loreto , Navarrete Javiera , López Amaranta
Published: November 2022

En el presente artículo proponemos una reflexión en torno al cuidado en la atención del nacimiento, que surge del análisis de testimonios de experiencias de parto que fueron expresados por mujeres en la Primera Encuesta sobre Nacimiento en Chile, aplicada por el Observatorio de Violencia Obstétrica (OVO Chile) en el año 2017. Desde el activismo basado en la evidencia, damos voz a las experiencias vividas por las mujeres como fuente fundamental de conocimiento que pueda dialogar con el saber biomédico y así posibilitar la emergencia de nuevas formas de reflexividad colectiva. Dentro de la gran diversidad de experiencias de parto vividas, identificamos una percepción generalizada de que en el sistema de salud chileno no hay garantía de una atención integral y respetuosa, y de que el acceso a dicha atención es responsabilidad principal de las propias mujeres, en procesos autogestionados de acceso a información y de toma de decisiones individuales. Esta lógica centrada en las elecciones personales se contrapone a una ética del cuidado entendida en términos de responsabilidad colectiva, dependiente de entramados de redes de solidaridad y colaboración.
RISK FACTOR ANALYSIS OF HYPERTENSION DISEASE IN THE ELDERLY AT GIRIREJO STASI IN SAMARINDA
Authors: Pertiwi Gracia Herni , Sastrini Yovita
Published: November 2022

The aims of the study were to determine: (1) the relationship between family history and the incidence of hypertension (2) the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of hypertension; (3) the relationship between cholesterol and the incidence of hypertension, and (4) the relationship between body mass index and the incidence of hypertension in the elderly.

The research was conducted from March – May 2022 at Girirejo Stasi, Samarinda City. The research design used was analytic survey research or analytical observational (non-experimental) with a cross-sectional approach.

The population of this study were all elderly people living in the city of Samarinda. A total sample of 30 elderly people was selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Data was collected using a questionnaire, filling out each question item directly to the respondent, consisting of: age, gender and type of work, activity level, cholesterol level, blood pressure, body mass index, family history of hypertension.

The results showed that: (1) There was a relationship between a family history of disease and the incidence of hypertension; (2) There is a relationship between physical activity and the incidence of hypertension in the elderly; (3) there is no relationship between body mass index and the incidence of hypertension, and (4) there is a relationship between cholesterol levels and the incidence of hypertension.
Emotional Regulation Training, internet addiction disorder, and the Moderating Role of Brain-Behavioral Systems: Examination and analysis
Authors: Fatanehkheiripour Fatanehkheiripour , Hidji Maryam Bahrami , Mahalleh Fatemeh Mohammadi Shir , Rafezi Zohreh , Asgharpour Mania
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the current study was to examine the efficacy of emotional regulation training on Internet addiction disorder with the moderating role of brain-behavioral systems. The current research is a quasi-experimental study that employs with a pre-test/post-test design with a control group and a follow-up period for its purposes. The statistical population of the research were Internet using students of the second educational level in Islamshahr in the second half of 2021(15-20 years old girls). The research participants were selected using a convenience purposive sampling and were then randomly assigned to three experimental groups (45 people) and three control groups (45 people). Revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Questionnaire (r-RST), Internet Addiction Inventory and Emotional Regulation Training scale were used to collect the data, which were then analyzed using SPSS v. 22. Findings: The findings indicated that emotional regulation training can significantly alleviate Internet addiction in three groups of behavioral activation system, brain inhibition and fight-flight-or-freeze response systems. Conclusion: The results of the study support the notion of using emotional regulation training to reduce internet addiction disorder in students.
The quality of educational and research services to MSc. students of nursing and midwifery: A qualitative study
Authors: Khosravi Sharare , Torkestani Naimeh Akbari
Published: November 2022

Goal: For over two decades, the world’s educational centers have worried about the educational efficiency of their medical science graduates and their level of efficacy. Feedback from students can provide planners with valuable information regarding improving the quality of the educational services. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the quality of educational and research services for MSc. students of Nursing and Midwifery in Arak University of Medical Sciences. Methods: The present study is a qualitative study. In the study, WhatsApp messenger was used to interview 11 MSc. students of Nursing and Midwifery in Arak University of Medical Sciences from different years of education. Participants were selected through purposive sampling which was continued until data saturation. All interviews were recorded and then verbatim written. A semi-structured interview began with raising a general question and continued based on the views and experiences expressed. In cases where it was necessary, guide questions were used. Following the preliminary analysis of the gathered data, coordination was made for the follow-up interviews. In all stages of the research, Helsinki declaration principles and ethical considerations were met. Results: 3 themes, 6 subthemes and 20 codes were derived through data analysis.
The effect of dual-task on tuck jump performance in volleyball players with dynamic knee valgus
Authors: Majelan Ali Shamsi , Habibi Javad
Published: November 2022

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of dual-task on tuck jump performance in athletes with dynamic knee valgus. Methods: The statistical population of this study consisted of adolescent volleyball players. The statistical sample consisted of 24 volleyball teenagers with an average age of 10 to 17 years old who were purposefully selected from the Rasht Municipality Cultural and Sports Club and then randomly classified into two groups of 12 with dynamic knee healthy and healthy. The subjects' performance before and after the dual task was evaluated using the tuck jump. Parametric tests of analysis of variance were used to compare differences between groups, and paired t-test was used to compare within groups.
Sleep stage detection using chaotic feature analysis of Electroencephalography (EEG) signals
Authors: Zarei Fariba
Published: November 2022

The present study was conducted to detect the sleep stages by electroencephalography (EEG) using chaotic features. The method used in this study was the content analysis method. First, the sleep stages and EEG have been analyzed, and the EEG with chaotic features was used to detect the sleep stages. Detection of artifacts in sleep electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the vital tasks in the pre-processing stage. Despite many artifact exploration algorithms over the years, lots of them lose their advantages to use sleep EEG. Types of brain activities can be measured, and the involved brain areas can be detected using EEG. Electroencephalography (EEG) signal includes different rhythms, which are dependent on various sensory and movement conditions. Detection of each rhythm of this signal needs experience and skills. As a result, analysis of the signal recorded by EEG can be used widely for detection and academic purposes.
Evaluation of sacral bone parameters in Sex determination by three – dimensional CT images
Authors: Aghakhani Kamran , Soltani Siamak , Motamedi Omid , Memarian Azadeh , Laderian Niloofar
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Gender determination in forensic medicine plays an important role in determining the identity which is very important for both the present time and in the future. (Aim)Background: To improve sex determination using skeletal remains, morphometrical study of some bones can be helpful. The aim of this study is to assess the application of five parameters of sacral bone by means of Three – Dimensional (3D) images reconstructed by multi-slice Computed Tomography (CT) in sex determination of Iranian individuals.  Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on one hundred of Iranian people with equal number of men and women who have undergone Pelvic CT in radiology department of Hazrat Rasoul-Akram Hospital were included. Five anthropometric indices including S1 Perimeter, S1 Area, Anterior-posterior diameter (APD), Maximum transverse diameter (MTD) and Maximum breadth of sacral alae (MBA) of their sacral bone were measured using computed tomography (CT) three dimensional images with an accuracy of 0.01º and 0.01 mm and then the association of the measurements with the gender of individuals was studied. Conclusion:  No significant difference was observed between two gender groups in terms of age (P=0.678).
Original research evaluation of risk factors in patients with cerebral Haemorrhage requiring ventriculoperitoneal shunt after initial external ventricular drain implantation in Golestan hospital of ahvaz in 2019-2020
Authors: Rasras Saleh , Safari Hosein , Babadi Armin Jahangiri , Milasi Mostafa Ahmadi , Kiani Arash , Farhadi Elham
Published: November 2022

Background: A significant number of studies have explored the risk factors in patients requiring a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt following presentation with hydrocephalus, secondary to various types of cerebral haemorrhage, other brain disorders and complications. In this study, we intend to explore the risk factors in patients with Spontaneous cerebral haemorrhage that require ventriculoperitoneal shunt following initial implantation of an external ventricular drain. Methods: This study was based at the neurosurgery ward of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz. We looked at all patients between the ages of 17 and 80 years who were admitted between 2019 and 2020 with  spontaneous cerebral haemorrhage and were treated with an external ventricular drain (EVD). After the group was filtered for inclusion & exclusion criteria discussed later, their risk factors for dependence on long-term CSF drainage by ventriculoperitoneal shunt were evaluated. Data analysis, both descriptive and statistical were performed by SPSS software version 25. Results: It was observed that old age, brain surgery (except for EVD implantation), presence of underlying comorbidities including hypertension and Diabetes mellitus, duration of intubation categorised into three classes, <7 days, 7-14 days and >14 days, daily EVD quantity, EVD duration, distance from burr hole entry to the EVD exit site.
Fibrinogen level in coronary artery disease people with COVID-19 patients in Iraq
Authors: Alzihari Huda Falah Joodi , Ali Muntadher Mohammad
Published: November 2022

Background: Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019, it has affected >200 countries, areas, or territories in 6 continents. At present, whether COVID-19 has an effect on cardiovascular system is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate Fibrinogen level in iraqi patients with COVID-19 with Coronary artery disease. Methods:  Clinical features, laboratory results, and real time PCR were reviewed for 30 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 without a history of Coronary artery disease and 30 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 with Coronary artery disease. They were admitted to the Al-amal Hospital for participating; Iraq between October 2021-April 2022. Healthy participants who underwent routine physical checkups and non-COVID-19 patients the study as the control group. Fibrinogen and Apolipoprotein B levels were determine and compared between the Coronary artery disease COVID-19 and control groups. Results: Fibrinogen higher than the normal range of the patients with Coronary artery disease COVID-19 Compared to the control group. The levels of D.dimer and Ferretin of the patients with Coronary artery disease COVID-19 were significantly higher than those of the healthy control group.
economic valuation of the Curiak Island area on the development of tourism of special interest of wetlands in Barito Kuala District, South Kalimantan
Authors: Rahmini Noor , Fahrati Eny , Riza Riza , Novitasari Dina
Published: November 2022

One of the problems faced in the development of natural tourism is that until now it is not widely known how much recreation value is in a tourist area, such as on Curiak Island. In addition, in the context of making decisions for the development of the use of a tourist area, the value of the big and small of an economy. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the function of visitor demand to Curiak Island and the economic value of the Curiak Island tourist attraction, Barito Kuala Regency. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and questionnaires. The data processed using descriptive analysis, multiple linear regression, and also using the consumer surplus formula. From the results of the study, there are two factors that effect demand function for ecotourism in Curiak Island, namely income and travel costs. From the calculation results, it can be seen that the consumer surplus based on the individual travel cost method is IDR 251,690.46 per individual in per visit and the economic value of Curiak Island is IDR 520,999,252 per year.
Vitamin G
Authors:   Character Lab, DeSteno David
Published: November 2022

Everyone wants their kids to be more grateful. But why is gratitude so important? Gratitude is a super virtue. It’s an idea that dates back to Cicero, who said that gratitude is not only a great virtue but the parent of all other virtues. When you feel gratitude, you become more honest.
EFFECT OF ELEVATION, SLOPE AND ASPECT ON THE HEIGHT AND DIAMETER GROWTH OF ACACIA AURICULIFORMIS IN A DEGRADED HILLY AREA OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Hoque A.K.F. , Sarker T. K. , Kabir M.E. , Islam A. , Hannan M. O.
Published: November 2022

Acacia auriculiformis, a fast growing and hardy leguminous tree species, has widely been planted to rehabilitate degraded hills in Bangladesh. In this study the effect of elevation, slope and aspect on the growth of A. auriculiformis is evaluated. Data were collected from the plantations on the hills in Chittagong University campus. It was observed that height and diameter growth diminished significantly with the increase in elevation and slope. However, variation in aspect did not have significant impact on growth. Simple linear and logarithmic models were developed to predict the height and diameter growth against elevation and slope.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE CRUDE EXTRACT OF PERSICARIA STAGNINA AND ITS CHIEF CONSTITUENT STAGNINOL
Authors: Sadhu S.K. , Ahmed M.U. , Datta B.K.
Published: November 2022

Histopathological studies of stagninol, a sesquiterpene isolated from Persicaria stagnina and the crude extract of this plant were carried out on Wistar rats. High dose of the crude extract caused liver necrosis but structural integrity of kidney and spleen remained intact. Low dose of the crude extract and the pure compound stagninol were found to cause no degenerative changes on those organs. Microbiological studies revealed that both the crude extract and stagninol had no inhibitory effect on the growth of a number of bacteria tested.
Mapeo y análisis de programas EdTech en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Myers Christina , Wyss Natalie , Villavicencio Peralta Xuzel , Coflan Caitlin
Published: November 2022

An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
A Tamarind Local Variety from Garoua, Cameroon: Physicochemical Characterization, Fruit Pulp Fermentation and Extraction of Tartaric Acid from the Fruit Pulp Winery Waste
Authors: Etape Ekane Peter , Akumbom Petronilla Ashihyo , Namondo Beckley Victorine , D Ngole Ebong Njume , Foba-Tendo Josepha , Ekaney Lena Elango
Published: November 2022

Objective: Tamarind is known for the tart taste that is characteristic of Tartaric acid. The fruit pulp is in high demand in both the domestic and industrial settings due to its high food value. It contains fatty acids, vitamins, roughage, phytosterols and many other phytochemicals necessary for good health. To the best of our knowledge, very little has been reported on the processing of this nutritional fruit and the results reported so far show variability as a function of the botanical origin of the plant. No literature exists on the Tamarind variety from Cameroon and no study combining wine production and extraction of Tartaric acid from the waste residue has so far been reported. We are taking this advantage to explore wine fermentation from Tamarind fruit pulp by focusing on the effects of different parameters such as time of treatment for juice extraction, yeast inoculate for wine fermentation and secondary fermentation on wine quality, and to extract Tartaric acid from the winery solid waste residue. Methods: The main fermentation was done at 2°C in 13d and 1w secondary fermentation was done in 1 week. The wine was characterized for alcoholic content, pH, titratable acidity, soluble dry matter and consumer acceptability. The winery solid waste residue (potassium bitartrate precipitate) was used to extract crystalline L-Tartaric acid which was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, melting point and crystallinity by powder X-ray diffraction. Results: The Tamarind pulp wine produced was of acceptable quality. It was clear, sweet, sparkling, smooth and well-flavored. The drink had a pH of 3.04 and an alcohol content of 16%. The Tartaric acid was crystalline, and it reflected all characteristic functional groups of Tartaric acid, with a melting point of 189.8-196.4°C (laboratory grade). Conclusion: It is very possible to couple Tamarind fruit pulp wine production with chemical synthesis of pure crystalline Tartaric acid using solid winery waste from Tamarind fruit pulp. The method used in this study is simple, straightforward, ecofriendly and cost effective.
Reflectance Signatures Developed from Multi-Spectral Imaging of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Expressing Visible Herbicide Injury
Authors: Jordan David L
Published: November 2022

Multi-spectral imaging can be used to define a number of abiotic and biotic stresses associated with crop production and management. Research was conducted during 2004 and 2005 to develop spectral signatures of peanut leaves expressing visual symptoms of herbicide injury. Single leaf measurements using an artificial light source were used to develop spectra ranging from 350 to 2500 nm grouped into specific categories. Reflectance was determined for plants treated with acifluorfen, bentazon, clethodim, imazapic, paraquat, or 2,4-DB at 3 and 24 h and 3 and 6 d after application. Reflectance following herbicide applications was significant at bands 470-500 nm, 500-590 nm, 800 nm, and UMIR, at 3 and 24h after treatment and for bands 470-500 nm, 500-590 nm, 680-700 nm, 800 nm, and UMIR at 3 and 6d after treatment. Differences in reflectance were observed when comparing herbicides with different sites of action, especially when measurements were taken 3 and 6 d after treatment. These results indicate that there is potential for multi-spectral imaging to be used to discriminate among herbicides with different sites of action.
Study of the Egg Attributes of the Japanese Quail (Cortunix Cortunix Japonica) Raised in Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: JJ Okoh
Published: November 2022

The egg attributes of the Nigerian indigenous quail were studied in three agro- ecological zone of Gombe state, namely; Gombe Central, South and North to assess the external and internal attributes of the egg. 90 fresh eggs were randomly collected from these zones comprising of 30 eggs per zone from quail farmers for assessment. Data were collected on egg weight, egg length egg width, egg shell weight, shell thickness and the internal egg characteristics were albumen height, yolk height, albumen weight, yolk weight and Haugh unit. Results indicated that egg weight values were 9.807±0.117, 9.942±0.130 and 10.004±0.114g in Gombe Central, South and North. Shell weights were 1.177±0.009g for Gombe Central, 1.193±0.010g in Gombe South and 1.206±0.012g in the North. Shell thickness showed that Gombe Central recorded 0.035±0.001mm, South 0.0252±0.001mm and North 0.0253±0.001mm with overall mean of 0.0286±0.001. Apart from egg width and shell thickness which were significantly different (P<0.001) by location, other parameters of egg weight and length, shell weight and shell surface area were not affected by location. Albumen weights were 3.308±0.02, 3.288±0.03 and 3.327±0.03mm in Gombe Central, South and North. Yolk weight were 10.390±0.10g in Gombe Central, 9.550±0.12g Gombe South, 9.343±0.13g Gombe North with total average of 9.927±0.084g. Yolk heights were 3.692±0.013, 3.448±0.04, and 3.426±0.03mm in Gombe Central, South and North, respectively. Haugh unit of 80.021±0.26 were recorded in Gombe Central, 78.925±0.26 in the South and 78.614±0.26 in the North of Gombe, the overall Haugh unit was 79.507±0.161, respectively. Apart from egg weight which was not significant, albumen height, yolk weight, yolk height and Haugh unit were significantly (P<0.001) affected by location. Egg weight was correlated with egg length (0.796; P<0.01), shell weight (0.226; P<0.05) and Haugh unit (-0.461; P<0.01). Albumen weight was correlated with Haugh unit (0.240; P<0.05). Yolk weight was correlated with yolk height (0.300; P<0.01), and Haugh unit (0.269; P<0.05). The findings reveal that the quail in the study area has good egg and reproductive attributes and the positive correlated responses can help breeders for quick selection for further genetic improvement.
Deep Interdisciplinarity: Team-Teaching and Critical Thinking about Art
Authors: Biss Mavis , Boeye Kerry
Published: November 2022

This essay discusses an interdisciplinary art history/philosophy course cotaught by a professor from each discipline. Fundamental questions about how we experience, understand, and communicate about art can be answered more effectively through such interdisciplinary collaboration than through each discipline alone. Students in the course tended to think of art either in purely subjective terms, in which art was simply an expression of personal taste, or entirely essentialist ones, in which the artness of a work resided completely within the object. Readings and class discussions helped students articulate these extreme viewpoints and challenge them. As a result, many of the students developed more sophisticated understandings of art and the experiences of art that avoided the pitfalls of subjectivism and essentialism. Insights from selected student papers are presented to demonstrate the kinds of thinking fostered by the course. In sum, the essay argues for the importance and success of interdisciplinary approaches to teaching art, art history, and the philosophy of art.
Onstage Emotion as Imagination
Authors: Guo Yuchen
Published: November 2022

Although many actors report experiencing genuine emotions befitting a specific character's circumstances, the actors themselves are neither their characters nor in their characters’ circumstances. Moreover, it seems that if our circumstances do not afford certain emotions, we will not experience these emotions. Thus, actors experience “a paradox of onstage emotion.” This article aims to provide a solution to this paradox. I argue that actors’ onstage emotions are repeatable, controllable, scripted, and impersonal; however, everyday genuine emotions are neither repeatable nor controllable nor scripted and are always personal. Therefore, onstage emotions are not genuine emotions. I then argue that imagination is a repeatable and controllable mental state and that it can be scripted and impersonal. Finally, given that imagination is seen as a re-creation of occurrent experiences, I conclude that onstage emotions are not genuine emotions but rather are imaginative emotions—a re-creation of genuine emotions, and the solution of imaginative emotions better accounts for actors’ onstage performance.
A New Interpretation of the Essence of Aesthetic Experience: From the Perspective of Cognitive Neuroaesthetics and Aesthetic Anthropology
Authors: Meng Fanjun , Liang Yushui
Published: November 2022

In the transformation from classical to modern aesthetics, the proposition and exploration of aesthetic experience constitutes one of the major dimensions of various aesthetic problems. Pragmatic aesthetics, phenomenological aesthetics, hermeneutic aesthetics, analytical aesthetics, and new pragmatic aesthetics have comprehensively analyzed and discussed aesthetic experience. Through the construction and deconstruction of aesthetic experience in aesthetic history, the study of the key concept seems to have come to a certain predicament. This is mainly reflected in the fact that the subjective and objective attribute of experience remains unclear, and the material base of aesthetics is not solid enough. In this regard, cognitive neuroscience and anthropology provide new ways to understand aesthetic experience. From the perspective of aesthetic anthropology, the study on aesthetic experience is rooted in a broad field and serves as a solid material basis for its objectification. Cognitive neuroaesthetics explains the psychological mechanism of aesthetic experience. Together, they provide an opportunity for the study on aesthetic experience to enter a new realm. Moreover, the new interpretation of the essence of aesthetic experience will help to improve the theory and practice of aesthetic education.
Gli enti ecclesiastici tra diritto speciale e diritto comune
Authors: Cavana Paolo
Published: November 2022

SOMMARIO - 1. L’ente ecclesiastico: una figura soggettiva complessa - 2. Il diritto speciale nella disciplina dell’ente ecclesiastico - 3. La specialità derivante dal carattere bilaterale della normativa sugli enti: il caso emblematico della responsabilità amministrativa derivante da reato - 4. L’espansione del diritto comune nella disciplina dell’ente ecclesiastico - 5. La specialità di regime degli enti ecclesiastici nell’evoluzione dell’ordinamento - 6. Diritto speciale e diritto comune nella riforma del Terzo settore.

Ecclesiastical bodies between special rules and general law

ABSTRACT: This contribution examines the relationship between special law rules of a treaty nature and general law in the Italian discipline of civilly recognized ecclesiastical bodies, in particular those of the Catholic Church, which still represents most part of these entities. This aspect is examined with respect to the latest regulatory evolution, in particular the reform of the Third sector, which tends to confirm the duplicity of regime of ecclesiastical bodies. It also highlights the growing attention and protection of the normative peculiarities of this category of legal entities by the State legislator.
Serve una nuova governance della libertà religiosa in Italia
Authors: Macrì Gianfranco
Published: November 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione: tre domande sulla difficile costruzione di una società pluralista. Dalla Costituente ai fatidici anni ’70 - 2. La fase applicativa delle norme costituzionali in materia di libertà religiosa: fra tentennamenti politici, violazioni della legalità costituzionale e complessità sociale - 3. La “governance” nelle relazioni tra sfera pubblica e fenomeno religioso - 4. Il “cantiere Europa”: le possibilità di una democrazia (in crisi) - 5. Conclusioni.

It ought to be necessary a new Italian governance for religious freedom

ABSTRACT: This work highlights, in a descriptive fashion, some of the critical aspects of the relationships between the State and religious groups in Italy. Concrete legal policy proposals are suggested, within the applicable constitutional framework, taking into account the changed social, cultural and religious context of the country.
Towards Social Negotiation: The Case of Handshake Debates in Sweden and Denmark
Authors: Bobrowicz Ryszard , Gustafsson Lundberg Johanna
Published: November 2022

SUMMARY: 1. Introduction - 2. The necessary conditions of social negotiation - 3. Nordic Secularism - 4. Organic religious literacy - 5. Translation - 6. Conclusion.

ABSTRACT: The refusal to shake hands with a female reporter by a Muslim politician from the Miljöpartiet resulted in a controversy in Sweden. Together with a number of court cases, it revealed a disparity between the established judicial line and the views of the general public. The Swedish controversy received a response from Denmark, where the ruling coalition introduced new citizenship legislation with an obligation to shake hands with the mayor during a naturalization ceremony. These controversies highlighted the rising tensions on multiple levels, between majority and minority, religious freedom and gender equality, law and public opinion. This paper takes a closer look at the role of law as a negotiator and employs the notions of Nordic secularism, organic religious literacy, and the ethos of hospitality towards the untranslatable, in order to answer two questions: where these tensions come from and what are the possible ways of overcoming them.
Il motto statunitense “In God We Trust” alla luce della storia e della tradizione del Primo emendamento
Authors: Pagotto Tania
Published: November 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. Il Primo emendamento e le garanzie gemelle dell’Establishment Clause e del Free Exercise Clause: una panoramica ricostruttiva - 2.1. I tre principali test utilizzati dalla Corte in sede di judicial review e basati sul Primo emendamento: il Lemon test, l’Endorsement test e il Coercion test - 2.2. La recente sentenza Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist. del 27 luglio 2022: l’abbandono (definitivo) del Lemon test in favore del criterio ermeneutico orientato alla “history and tradition” - 3. Le origini e la mobilitazione politica del motto degli Stati Uniti d’America - 3.1. Il XVIII secolo, la Rivoluzione americana e la diffusione del motto “E Pluribus Unum” - 3.2. Il XIX secolo e la Guerra Civile: la giustapposizione di “In God We Trust” accanto a “E Pluribus Unum” - 3.3. Il XX secolo e la Guerra fredda: “In God We Trust” diventa (l’unico) motto nazionale - 3.4. I diversi usi del motto nazionale lungo il dispiegarsi della storia - 4. Le caratteristiche dell’American civil religion e le sue ambivalenze - 5. Il motto nazionale in alcuni significativi obiter della Corte suprema: il deismo cerimoniale e le sue critiche - 5.1. Il deismo cerimoniale in alcune pronunce della Corte suprema - 5.2. Le riflessioni (preoccupate) della dottrina - 6. Riflessioni conclusive e spunti di comparazione - 6.1. L’uso della storia e della cultura nell’ordinamento italiano: cenni di comparazione sull’insegnamento della religione cattolica e sull’esposizione del crocifisso a scuola - 6.2. L’altro verso dell’American civil religion: ideologia e populismo.

The U.S. motto "In God We Trust" in light of the history and tradition “of the First Amendment

ABSTRACT: This essay reflects upon the U.S. national motto “In God We Trust” and religious liberty. It describes the birth and the life of the U.S. national motto from an historical and a normative perspective, and in relation with three crucial events that forged the United States’ historical conscience: the American Revolution, the Civil War, and the Cold War. It highlights how the motto has embraced different purposes and meanings, as well as attained varying levels of religiosity. After having introduced the main features of American civil religion, the paper pays attention to the various obiter that the Supreme Court has offered about the constitutionality of this symbol. The conclusions focus on two aspects: a brief comparison with the Italian legal system, which underlines the existing similarities between the “history and tradition” argument fostered by the U.S. Supreme Court and the appeal to the “historical heritage” and the “religious culture” that can be found in the Italian legal and political debates on the display of the crucifix in the classroom and the teaching of the Catholic religion. Secondly, they reflect about the ideological and illiberal turn that the American civil religion may take.
Comparison of Effectiveness, Tolerability, and Compliance of Pharmacotherapies in Patients with Functional Constipation: A Real-World Evidence Study
Authors:   Global Gastro & Liver Centre, Jaipur, India, Gupta Sunil , Bansal Naresh Kumar ,   Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India, Bagepally Ravi Shankar ,   Yashoda Hospitals, Secunderabad, India, Kishalaya Dr. ,   Indian Institute of Liver and Digestive Sciences, Kolkata, India
Published: November 2022

Background: duphalac® bulk, a combination of bulking agents and an osmotic laxative might prove beneficial in the management of functional constipation (FC) as compared to the existing therapies. Objective: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness, safety, and compliance of duphalac® bulk with other available therapeutic options for the management of constipation. Methods: In this retrospective study, electronic medical records (EMRs) of adult patients suffering from FC who were prescribed various dietary fibers or their combinations between May 2021 to September 2021 and visiting healthcare setups/clinics were reviewed. The patients were divided into four groups (2:1:1:1): Group I-duphalac® bulk; Group II-isabgol alone; Group III-lactitol and isabgol combination; and Group IV-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and isabgol combination. Effectiveness was determined using the constipation scoring system (CSS). Adverse events and compliance were assessed. Additionally, lipid and glycemic parameters were analyzed. Results: Out of 110 patients screened, 96 met the inclusion criteria and participated in the study. Majority of the patients (42.7%) received duphalac® bulk, followed by lactitol and isabgol combination (19.7%), PEG and isabgol combination (18.7%), and isabgol (18.7%). A significant reduction in overall mean CSS was observed among all the groups; however, the maximum decrease (3.49, p<0.001) was found in Group I as compared to Groups II (3.28, p<0.001), III (2.58, p=0.001), and IV (2.50, p=0.002). All treatments were well tolerated. Improvements in glycemic and lipid parameters were observed in all groups. Conclusion: duphalac® bulk was well tolerated with significant symptomatic improvement in patients suffering from FC. Keywords: Constipation scoring system, Duphalac® bulk, Functional constipation, Glycemic control, Lipid profile
Seasonal variation in concentrations of N, P and K in different components of Bruguiera parviflora (Wight and Arnold) at three growth stages in Malaysia
Authors: Hossain Mahmood , Othman Saberi , Kusnan Misri , Bujang Japar
Published: November 2022

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in different components of Bruguiera parviflora were analysed at seedlings, saplings and trees stage during the intermediate (March), dry (July) and wet (November) seasons in Kuala Selangor Nature Park, Malaysia. Leaves and buds of B. parviflora contained higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium than the woody components (branches and stems). Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in different components of B. parviflora seedlings, saplings and trees showed seasonal fluctuation and comparatively high contents were observed during the intermediate seasons (March 02 and 03). Moreover, N, P and K in different components of seedlings, saplings and trees showed positive correlation with their respective concentrations in the soil.