bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las conceptualizaciones iniciales de la unidad de representación en la notación musical
Authors:   , Burcet María Inés
Published: August 2020

Esta tesis tiene como propósito aportar evidencia que permita conocer los problemas iniciales con los cuales se encuentran los niños al establecer relaciones entre la música y las notas como unidades mínimas de representación. Se propone enfocar el problema desde una perspectiva psicogenética que proporcione la posibilidad de describir el punto de vista del sujeto que aprende, considerando que esta perspectiva no ha sido estimada en los estudios sobre notación musical los cuales tradicionalmente han sido abordados desde una concepción cognitivista. La posibilidad de conocer el punto de vista del sujeto que aprende resulta fundamental para cuestionar algunos de los supuestos que actualmente están implícitos en la concepción de notación musical asumida tanto desde la enseñanza como desde la psicología de la música. A partir de las reflexiones que se desprenden de cada uno de los capítulos de esta tesis, y que se profundizan especialmente con el análisis de los datos empíricos, se propone la necesidad de cuestionar la concepción de notación musical como código de transcripción y la posibilidad de pensarla como un sistema de representación. Esta posibilidad no sólo tendrá derivaciones epistémicas, sino que también implicará diferencias para abordar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la notación musical.
Calculating the Pauli Matrix equivalent for Spin-1 Particles and further implementing it to calculate the Unitary Operators of the Harmonic Oscillator involving a Spin-1 System
Authors: TAH RAJDEEP
Published: August 2020

Here, we derive the Pauli Matrix Equivalent for Spin-1 particles (mainly Z-Boson and W-Boson). Pauli Matrices are generally associated with Spin- 1/2 particles and it is used for determining the properties of many Spin- 1/2 particles. But in our case, we try to expand its domain and attempt to implement it for calculating the Unitary Operators of the Harmonic oscillator involving the Spin-1 system and study it.
Ekonomi Islam Dalam Perspektif Maqasid Asy-Syariah
Authors: Mubayyinah Fira
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Islamic economics regulates various economic activities based on Islamic Shari'a by avoiding Maisyir, Gharar, Haram, Dzalim, Efforts and Usury. The characteristics of Islamic economics uphold the protection of individual ownership aimed at the good and interests of happiness in the world and the hereafter. At least now Indonesia has more than 12 Islamic banks, 22 Islamic business units and more than 80 units of sharia-based public finance institutions that are spread throughout the region. The presence of economic institutions based on Islamic teachings is an indicator that society needs to get equitable welfare because the Islamic economy adheres to the principle of balance. This research is classified as normative research, using conceptual approaches, then critically analyzed. The results of the study show that the application of the Islamic economy is in line with the goal of Islamic law (Maqasyid Asy-Shari'ah), which is the benefit of the people in the world and the hereafter. Maqasid Asy-Syariah as a foundation for thinking to develop progressive and dynamic Islamic economics.
Keywords: Islamic Economy, Maqasid As-Shari'ah
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Murabahah, Harga, Dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah Di Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil Nurul Ummah Ngasem Bojonegoro
Authors: Muctharom Moch Zaenal Azis
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study aims to clearly describe the quality of murabahah, haraga, service quality and customer satisfaction at Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil Nurul Ummah Ngasem-Bojonegoro. The second objective is to examine the significant influence of murabaha product quality on customer satisfaction. The third objective is to examine the significant effect of Price on customer satisfaction. The fourth objective is to examine the influence (quality of murabaha products, Price and Service Quality) silmutanously on customer satisfaction. The fifth objective is to test the most dominant (murabaha product quality, price and service quality to customer satisfaction). The study population is the Customer at Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil Nurul Ummah Ngasem-Bojonegoro. Sampling amounted to 56 respondents. Analysis of the study was conducted using data collection methods, questionnaires, interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques using SPSS 19.0 with the stages are (1) validity and reliability test (2) multiple regression analysis (3) hypothesis testing is t test and f test. Descriptive analysis results show: The results of the study indicate that there is a significant influence between product quality on customer satisfaction, while price has no significant effect on customer satisfaction and service quality has no significant effect on customer satisfaction. Between product quality, price and quality services, the most dominant influence on customer satisfaction in KJKS BMT Nurul Ummah Ngasem-Bojonegoro is product quality.
Keywords: Murabaha product quality, price, service quality and customer satisfaction
Kemiskinan Dan Distribusi Pendapatan Serta Solusinya Dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Sifa' Moh Agus
Published: August 2020

Poverty means a situation where there is a need to work harder to meet their needs because of lack or weakness in the material. Due to material shortages, poor people have difficulty meeting nutritional needs, getting proper education, working capital and a number of others. Whereas in terms of distribution, it is a process that shows the distribution of goods from producers to the consumer society. As for dealing with poverty and income distribution, there are several possibilities that can overcome poverty in the Islamic concept as follows; a) Feeding. b) Infaq. c) Fidyah, d) State Responsibility. For distribution of income In order for distribution to provide adequate significance, it is necessary to consider the principles of distribution as follows: a) Principles of justice and equity, b) Principles of brotherhood and love, c) Principles of social solidarity
Keywords: poverty, income distribution
Uang Dan Moneter Dalam Sistem Keuangan Islam
Authors: Purnomo Joko Hadi
Published: August 2020

Money is a tool that can be used in conducting exchanges or transactions both goods and services in a certain area. Money is the standard of use found in goods and labor. Therefore, money is defined as a tool to measure the value of each item and service. There are two main policies in the economy called fiscal and monetary policies. Monetary policy is a policy that is carried out to control the supply and demand of money (money circulating in the community), the available money supply, the stability of the currency's value and the direction in which money will be allocated using appropriate monetary tools or instruments in order to achieve the objectives from monetary policy itself. The fiscal policy is a policy that is used to move the steps to obtain state income including tax revenue and control the direction of fiscal policy and control the amount of government spending and expenditure using fiscal tools, so that the objectives of the policy can be achieved fiscal itself in the economy. In this study, the author only focuses on discussing monetary policy and its implications for economic development in an Islamic perspective.
Keywords: money, monetary, Islamic finance system
Kapitalisasi Isu Syariah Terhadap Pergerakan Ekonomi Di Pasar Nasional Dan Global
Authors: Soenjoto Wening Purbatin Palupi , Fuadi Septiyan Hudan
Published: August 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of the capitalization of sharia issues on economic movements in national and global markets and try to answer the problem formulation, namely: first, it can describe capitalization of sharia issues that are starting to develop in sharia economic movements in national and global markets. Second: can describe the process of negotiation (interaction) carried out by producers who use sharia issues in trade. Third: can find the implications of the meaning of the results of research and solutions that can add studies related to sharia issues in the economy in national and global markets so that it can be further investigated by subsequent researchers. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. Research subjects are informants who provide research data through interviews, surveys and documentation with triangulation data processing techniques to obtain valid research results. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the capitalization of sharia issues could affect national and global market movements
Keywords: Capitalization, Sharia Issues, Sharia Economy, National Market, Global Market
Hume as an Error Theorist
Authors: Vogelmann Rafael Graebin
Published: August 2020

Neste artigo considero e rejeito uma leitura não-cognitivista do sentimentalismo moral de Hume (segundo a qual ele identifica convicções morais com impressões de um tipo particular) bem como uma leitura disposicionalista (segundo a qual Hume concebe convicções morais como crenças causais a respeito do poder de traços de caráter de produzir certos sentimentos em espectadores apropriados). Sustento que as falhas dessas leituras mostram que Hume é mais bem compreendido como um teórico do erro, de acordo com quem embora convicções morais sejam crenças elas jamais são verdadeiras. Em contraste com teorias do erro contemporâneas, contudo, a tese de Hume não se baseia em uma alegação metafísica para efeito de que não há propriedades morais. Antes, ele sustenta que ideias morais não são ideias de qualidades que possam ser corretamente predicadas de ações ou traços de caráter, mas ideias de sentimentos e que, portanto, crenças morais incorporam sistematicamente um erro categorial.  AbstractIn this paper I consider and reject a noncognitivist reading of Hume’ s moral sentimentalism (according to which he identifies moral convictions with impressions of particular kind) as well as a dispositional reading (according to which Hume takes moral convictions to be causal beliefs about the power of character traits to produce certain feelings in suitable spectators). I argue that the shortcomings of these views show that Hume is best understood as an error theorist, according to whom although moral  convictions are beliefs they are never true. In contrast with contemporary error theories, however, Hume’s view is not grounded on a metaphysical claim to the effect that there are no moral properties. He holds instead that moral ideas are not at all ideas of qualities that could be truthfully predicated of actions or character traits but rather ideas of feelings and, therefore, that moral beliefs systematically incorporate a category error.
A preliminary study on the training mode of tourism talents under thethought of supply-side reform
Authors: Sun Yun , Liu Qian
Published: August 2020

In our country, the reform of the "supply side" the big strategy under the background of the rapid development of tourism in the cultivation of how to better match the market demand of tourism practitioners is the industry needs to solve the hot issues of con- cern, and tourism management in colleges and universities in the aspect of tourism management professional talent training plays a very important role. In terms of talent training in tourism management colleges and universities, due to the differences in the development of tourism, social culture and teaching methods and curriculum Settings of colleges and universities, foreign tourism education started ear- lier in the training mode of tourism talents, with certain advantages, and many domestic tourism management colleges and universities have done very well. After continuous exploration in tourism education, the school of hotel management in lausanne, Switzerland has developed a relatively perfect and unique training mode for tourism talents. And our country to Beijing second foreign languages insti- tute of hotel management college of tourism management college have a certain college characteristics and the characteristics of tourism management education in China, this article selects two schools as sample, the personnel training mode, this paper tries to find talent training mode of China's tourism management colleges can draw lessons from of place, in order to promote the progress of our country's tourism management talents training mode, thus promote the development of tourism in our country, calls supply side reform strategy, improve the level of economy in our country.
Care and Support for the Aged among the Esan of South-South Nigeria
Authors: Eboiyehi Friday Asiazobor , Onwuzuruigbo Ifeanyi C.
Published: August 2020

The extended family system is an important ingredient for care and support for the aged in traditional African society. Although this mechanism is gradually being eroded, there is no formal social security apparatus to fill the gap. This study therefore examined the nature of care and support system for the aged and the coping strategies among the Esan of South-South Nigeria through the qualitative method. Esan-Central and Esan-West LGAs were purposely selected for the study and three communities were chosen in each of the LGAs. A total of 32 IDIs and 8 FGDs were conducted among men and women aged 60 years and above. The results are indicative of diminishing extended family ties and increasing social distance between aged parents and adult children. This tendency is associated with age-selective rural-urban migration and emerging nuclear family structure that has impacted negatively on care and support provided for the aged. This change is also linked to social changes towards westernization and coping strategies associated with decline in real income of caregivers as a result of downturn in the Nigerian economy. The aged adopt various coping strategies which include working as night guards, engageing in petty trading, dependence on pension and some support from church members and adult children. The paper concludes that care and support is diminishing among the Esan and suggests re-awakening of the extended family social security system. This may be carried out within the framework of a creative multi-track social policy intervention that will involve government, civil society and private sector partnership.
Diferenciais Salariais e Migração Intermunicipal: Evidências para Pernambuco a partir de Regressões Quantílicas (2000-2010)
Authors: Batista Julião Claudia Cesar , Rocha Roberta Moraes
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal verificar, a partir de dados dos censos demográficos do ano de 2000 e 2010, se os migrantes internos pernambucanos receberam um diferencial salarial positivo em relação aos não migrantes, e se são positivamente selecionados. Adicionalmente, procurou-se traçar o seu perfil social e econômico. Para tanto, estimaram-se equações mincerianas de salários, e a análise foi realizada tanto para a média, quanto para os quantis da renda do salário, ambas corrigidas pelo viés de seleção. Do conjunto dos resultados, destacam-se que o migrante interno do estado é mais qualificado que os não migrantes, a maioria é do sexo masculino e jovens; recebem um diferencial salarial positivo, em relação aos não-migrantes, sendo maior para os quantis de renda mais elevados; e estes diferenciais tenderam a aumentar entre o ano de 2000 e 2010.
Poggio Bracciolini and Coluccio Salutati: The Epitaph and the 1405-1406 Letters
Authors: Baldassarri Stefano U.
Published: August 2020

Manuscript Magliabechiano VIII.1445 of the Biblioteca Nazionale di Firenze seems to be the only witness of an epitaph that Poggio Bracciolini wrote for Coluccio Salutati. Using this concise yet sincere homage to the late chancellor, this essay discusses Poggio’s relationship both with him and the other major members of the Florentine humanist circle that started gathering around Salutati in the late fourteenth century. In doing so, it touches on such figures as – among others – Niccolò Niccoli and Leonardo Bruni. In particular, some early texts by Bruni (e.g., the Dialogi ad Petrum Paulum Histrum and his letters to fellow humanists dating from the early fifteenth century) are seen against the backdrop of his relationship with both Poggio and Salutati.
Poggio and Other Book Hunters
Authors: Haig Gaisser Julia
Published: August 2020

Seeking out rare and precious texts, or book hunting, was a favorite pursuit of the Renaissance humanists, but the activity had been practiced with enthusiasm (and often guile) since antiquity. This paper discusses the phenomenon over time, looking at representative book hunters from Aulus Gellius (second century CE) to Poggio Bracciolini (1380-1459), who was probably the most famous book hunter of them all. I will consider the discoveries of Catullus, Cicero’s Letters to Atticus, and Apuleius as well as several of the most famous finds of Poggio himself, emhasizing in each case the circumstances and method of discovery, the importance of the find, and the fate of the discovered book. The paper will close with a brief epilogue on some modern book hunters.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES: Violência, Conflito familiar e distúrbios escolares
Authors: Santos Rodrigo Dos , Kerbauy Maria Teresa Miceli
Published: August 2020

O artigo apresenta a análise de dados preliminares da pesquisa Políticas Públicas: violência contra crianças e adolescentes em Araraquara em 2008. Descreve-se o método adotado para o diagnóstico dos bairros e locais que detém o maior índice desse tipo de violência no município, feito através do georeferenciamento das fichas de atendimento dos Conselhos Tutelares I e II. A partir de dados preliminares da pesquisa, dos resultados obtido em pesquisas anteriores e de outros estudos sobre o mesmo tema em diferentes regiões, observa-se que a violência doméstica e os conflitos escolares são os principais fenômenos da violência contra crianças e adolescentes. A complexidade do tema está nas suas diferentes causas e também na especificidade dos casos. Diante disso, há certa dificuldade na literatura científica em identificar um sentido global para esses tipos de violência. Por sua vez, a dificuldade encontrada pode estar se refletindo nos conselhos tutelares que não conseguem manter padrões estáveis na coleta de informações sobre a violência contra crianças e adolescentes. A literatura demonstra também que o fenômeno não se restringe apenas aos conselhos tutelares de Araraquara.
4º ENCONTRO DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA E CIDADANIA Paz, Justiça e Direitos Humanos
Authors: Felix Sueli Andruccioli
Published: August 2020

Discurso de Abertura proferido por Sueli Andruccioli Felix - Coordenadora Geral do Evento
A DINÂMICA CRIMINAL NA CONSTRUÇÃO DO MITO DE PÉ-DE-VELUDO: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O IMAGINÁRIO POPULAR MARILIENSE
Authors: Verdi Aline Martins
Published: August 2020

Este artigo visa estudar o contexto criminal desde o século XIX até os tempos atuais, dando especial importância ao período em que agiu na cidade de Marília-SP, um criminoso conhecido como Pé-de-Veludo; ou seja, entre 1958 até 1964, data em que ocorreu a sua morte. É fundamental verificar as diversas vertentes acerca do aspecto criminal, bem como, analisar as mudanças na dinâmica do crime em relação a urbanização de Marília, para a compreensão da inserção de Pé-de-Veludo – um criminoso – ao imaginário popular mariliense – após a sua morte, como um mito e santo milagreiro local, responsável por levar centenas de pessoas ao seu túmulo, principalmente no dia de finados. Questões como a conceituação das diversas vertentes teóricas sobre crime, os tipos de delitos, a diferença entre crimes com características habilidosas e crimes com a presença da violência; auxiliam no entendimento do perfil de Pé-de-Veludo em relação à sociedade mariliense.
A POLÍCIA MILITAR E AS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS MUNICIPAIS NA PREVENÇÃO CRIMINAL.
Authors: Mathias João Carlos Sproesser
Published: August 2020

O artigo discute o papel constitucional da Polícia Militar e dos municípios e as relações entre ambos (PM e Município) sob o enfoque da necessidade de medidas no âmbito da organização policial que viabilizem um relacionamento cooperativo com o município, para que ele tenha condições de conhecer a dinâmica criminal da área e passe a considerá-la quando da formulação de suas políticas públicas, partindo do pressuposto que o conhecimento da questão da segurança pública pode proporcionar que a atuação do município tenha importantes reflexos na prevenção criminal primária.
A COMPREENSÃO DE JOVENS POLICIAIS MILITARES DA CONDIÇÃO DE ESTUDANTE E A PREVENÇÃO DE DELITO NA CIDADE DE ARARAQUARA – SP..
Authors: Brunetta Antonio Alberto
Published: August 2020

A compreensão de policiais militares da condição de estudante e a prevenção de delito na cidade de Araraquara é o foco deste estudo. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com praças da Polícia Militar que atuam em programas de prevenção, com objetivo de configurar suas identidades e o trabalho da corporação diante de programas de prevenção de delito (Programa Educacional de Resistência às Drogas e à Violência- PROERD; Jovens Construindo a Cidadania – JCC) e voltada à segurança urbana comunitária, especialmente relacionada à compreensão desses policiais sobre o que são os estudantes. Contata-se que um dos desafios da formação dos policiais militares é a compreensão do caráter dos grupos comunitários que atuam em projetos de segurança e que se constituem também por jovens estudantes, para a realização dos direitos da cidadania
A MODIFICAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO COMO FATOR DE REDUÇÃO DO MEDO, DA VIOLÊNCIA E DA CRIMINALIDADE: O CASO DA URBANIZAÇÃO DA FAVELA DO SACADURA CABRAL (SANTO ANDRÉ, SP)
Authors: PAULA Marcelo Cortez Ramos de
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho discute a possibilidade de redução do medo, da violência e do crime em decorrência da modificação do espaço urbano. A pesquisa teve por objeto os moradores da Favela de Sacadura Cabral, em Santo André, SP, em face da urbanização que ocorreu naquele local a partir de 1998. Foram realizadas visitas à favela, captação de imagens, entrevistas com moradores, policiais militares e autoridades policiais, levantamento de dados estatísticos, além de pesquisa bibliográfica. Ao final, restou evidenciado que a organização do espaço urbano, em razão da urbanização, exerceu efeitos positivos sobre a percepção do medo por parte dos moradores, em que pese não se ver acompanhada, necessariamente, de redução dos indicadores criminais.
TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA NO APOIO À TOMADA DE DECISÃO EM POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE CONTROLE DA VIOLÊNCIA
Authors: NOURANI Farid , CARNEIRO Maria Cecília V. Saenz , FREITAS Maria Isabel Castreghini
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho discute o uso das Tecnologias de Informação Geográfica (TIG) como um apoio importante e necessário no processo de tomada de decisão em políticas públicas de controle da violência pelos gestores públicos de administrações municipais. Apresenta o software SiViU (Sistema de Informação Sobre Violência Urbana), desenvolvido pelo Grupo de Estudo e Análise de Fenômenos da Violência Urbana (GestaFUV). A partir dos dados das ocorrências policiais, coletados junto aos órgãos da segurança pública, este software pode realizar mapeamento da criminalidade para qualquer região definida pelo usuário, além de possibilitar a realização de diversas análises estatísticas, ferramentas importantes para dar suporte aos gestores públicos em suas tomadas de decisão.
NOTAS SOBRE A VIOLÊNCIA EM UMA ESCOLA DO INTERIOR PAULISTA
Authors: DAMIÃO Abraão Pustrelo
Published: August 2020

O estágio de observação é um momento de percepção da dinâmica escolar: das relações interpessoais, o momento de entrada e de saída, o recreio, a organização do pátio e as sociabilidades criadas no interior da escola. Isso permite ao estagiário refletir sobre as práticas sócio-educacionais dentro e fora da sala de aula – que não pode ser dissociada do contexto em que esta inserida. Nesse sentido, o estagiário é um pesquisador, pois desenvolve as características da investigação sociológica. Pesquisador que aprende, porque o estágio pressupõe a análise dos estudos práticos que levam à aprendizagem. É um ponto onde a teoria e a prática se converge. Durante minhas observações, pude sentir a escola, seus pontos positivos e negativos, sobretudo no que concerne à violência escolar. O desafio foi trabalhar com uma instituição de ensino – na cidade de Pontal/SP – bem diversificada quanto às origens socioeconômicas e culturais dos alunos, e que atende estudantes do EF II, EM - EJA: PF, EM.
AINDA EM BUSCA DE CONTROLE: UM OLHAR SOBRE O MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO PAULISTA E A VIOLÊNCIA POLICIAL
Authors: LIMA João Marcelo
Published: August 2020

A comunicação problematiza a prerrogativa constitucional do Ministério Público de controlar a atividade policial, garantida pela Constituição Federal de 1988. Apesar dos amplos poderes de fiscalização das polícias e da independência que goza a instituição, os controles sobre as organizações policiais são brandos e têm ficado aquém das expectativas. Alguns esforços isolados podem ser pontuados como foi o caso do procurador de Justiça Hélio Bicudo, que apurou a atuação dos esquadrões da morte na década de 1980, os quais, na maioria das vezes, eram integrados por policiais. Ciente de seu papel constitucional, o MP procurou efetivar a sua atribuição nessa área, criando diretrizes para orientar os promotores, recentemente. Entretanto, enfrentou fortes resistências das organizações que pretendia monitorar. Considerada guardiã dos direitos cidadãos e uma austera instância de fiscalização dos poderes públicos, o MP, sem dúvida, tem muito a contribuir no controle e redução da violência policial. Tendo esses pontos em vista, 27 anos após a abertura democrática, o debate sobre o controle das polícias pelo MP e a violência policial ainda são assuntos em pauta, tanto porque esse controle ainda não foi ratificado como pela permanência de um padrão de alta letalidade no Estado de São Paulo.
O CAMINHO DA DECÊNCIA: O ESCÂNDALO ENVOLVENDO O PREFEITO DE TORONTO
Authors: FRANCO Ródney Eduardo
Published: August 2020

Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo confrontar a teoria de Immanuel Kant sobre o modelo de moralidade que sugere o dever de seguir padrões imperativos categóricos, considerando a faculdade humana de agir e as leis que comandam nossos atos.  Utilizaremos como modelo científico de pesquisa o caso verídico ocorrido recentemente com o atual prefeito da cidade canadense de Toronto, província de Ontário, Rob Ford, 44, que se envolveu em um fato escandaloso ao ser flagrado em uma gravação em vídeo consumindo a droga crack. Uma das premissas deste trabalho é analisar a atitude, do ponto de vista da moralidade, de Ford que admitiu ter usado a droga, sob a alegação de que o uso ocorreu durante uma de suas “bebedeiras”. Este fato veio a público em maio desde ano, porém o conteúdo das imagens da gravação do vídeo, que encontra-se em poder da polícia de Toronto, não foi revelado e muito menos divulgado até o momento. Palavras-chave: Artigo científico. Modelo de Moralidade. Teoria de Immanuel Kant. A verdade. Escândalo do Prefeito de Toronto.
PERSPECTIVAS DA SEGURANÇA INTERNACIONAL SUL-AMERICANA PÓS GUERRA FRIA: COMUNIDADE DE SEGURANÇA OU PAZ VIOLENTA
Authors: PACCOLA Marco Antonio Bestetti
Published: August 2020

Resumo: A região geográfica que compreende a América do Sul, composta por treze países e três dependências, é considerada atualmente pelas Relações Internacionais (RI) como uma zona de paz, o que corresponde a dizer que esta região encontra-se isenta, ou praticamente livre de conflitos armados. Ainda, segundo alguns teóricos das RI, nesta região observa-se uma incipiente, porém bem encaminhada Comunidade de Segurança. Diante desta definição, o presente artigo pretende levantar questionamentos acerca da existência de uma Comunidade de Segurança na América do Sul, como apontam alguns teóricos e das perspectivas futuras para as relações entre as nações deste território, diante das recentes turbulências que vem reconfigurando o sistema internacional. Palavras-Chave: Segurança Internacional, Comunidade de Segurança, Paz violenta, Conflitos.
A REVOLUÇÃO DA ROBÓTICA UTILIZANDO LIXO ELETRÔNICO NO ENSINO BÁSICO: FORMAÇÃO AMPLIADA E MENOR VULNERABILIDADE DE JOVENS À VIOLÊNCIA NAS ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: SILVA Carolina Cajazeira de Melo e , SILVA Josualdo Junior Dias da , JORGE Eduardo Manuel de Freitas , SANTOS Débora Abdalla , SABA Hugo
Published: August 2020

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta a aplicação da robótica educacional livre no ambiente das escolas públicas utilizando lixo eletrônico ao invés de soluções comerciais para a construção dos robôs. Para demonstrar o percurso metodológico, foi realizado um experimento utilizando Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas ou Projetos (PBL - Problem ou Project Based Learning) com estudantes da Educação Profissional Integrada ao Ensino Médio (EPI) do município de Alagoinhas. Como resultado, observou-se que a robótica na escola é uma atividade capaz de manter os jovens afastados das ruas e de lhes proporcionar uma formação ampliada multidisciplinar, reduzindo a sua vulnerabilidade por estar afastado das ruas e com outros objetivos. Dessa forma, o tempo livre do aluno é empregado em uma atividade educacional profissionalizante e inclusiva.Palavras-chave: Robótica Educacional Livre, Vulnerabilidade, Formação Multidisciplinar, Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas.Abstract: This paper shows the application of an open source educational robotics in the public school environment. The project’s principle was to use electronic waste, instead of using commercial solutions for the construction of the robot. Demonstrated by the methodology path, an experiment was done to use PBL - Problem or Project Based Learning with Vocational Studant integrated with the high school of Alagoinhas municipality. As a result, it was observed that robotics in school is an activity that is able to keep young people off the streets and provides an expanded  multidisciplinary education.  Therefore, enabling them to be less vulnerable to the streets and to have them more involved in other activities. This way, student’s free time is used for not only vocational educational activities but also activities that are more inclusive involving other students.Keywords: Open Source Educational Robotics, Vulnerable, Multidisciplinary Education, Project Based Learning
IFFLY, Catherine. Transformar a metrópole: Igreja Católica, territórios e mobilizações sociais em São Paulo, 1970-2000; tradução de Maria Clara Cescato, Henri Decoster, Sebastião Nascimento, com a colaboração de Catherine Iffly – São Paulo:Editora UNESP.
Authors: Rosa Dantas Adriana Santiago
Published: August 2020

sem resumo
Increasing Case Traffic: Expanding the International Criminal Court's Focus on Human Trafficking Cases
Authors: Alhadi Nadia
Published: August 2020

Human trafficking falls within the jurisdictional competence of the International Criminal Court (“ICC”) as one of the article 7 crimes against humanity, whether committed in an atmosphere of conflict or in times of relative peace. Despite the ICC’s jurisdiction, as well as the globally pervasive nature of peacetime trafficking in particular, the ICC has not yet heard a human trafficking case.

Accountability at the international level, however, is crucial, and the ICC’s oversight has the potential to fill gaps in the current anti-trafficking regime. This note explores this potential, and then examines whether the text of the Rome Statute or prior jurisprudence from international criminal tribunals creates barriers to prosecuting peacetime trafficking cases. It reviews three archetypal trafficking cases that the ICC could hear ((1) state agents trafficking civilians themselves; (2) state agents facilitating the trafficking of civilians, but not engaging in the trafficking themselves; and (3) state agents acquiescing to trafficking, particularly through generationally-embedded forms of slavery), and demonstrates how each fit within the relevant requirements of the Rome Statute.
Keeping the Barbarians at the Gates: The Promise of the UNESCO and UNIDROIT Conventions for Developing Countries
Authors: Goodyear Michael
Published: August 2020

The illicit trade in cultural property is a global phenomenon, powered by criminal networks and smuggling trains that sacrifice local culture for the black market of the art world. Headlines featuring the Islamic State’s lucrative exchange in stolen cultural property, among other incidents, have raised the profile of the illicit cultural property trade on the global stage. Developing countries, as the most prominent source countries of cultural property, are particularly at risk. Existing scholarship has searched for a solution to this crisis, suggesting a new international treaty to protect cultural property or recommending the utilization of adjacent legal fields. However, these solutions overlook the ready benefits of two existing international treaties on cultural property, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (“UNESCO”) and United Nations International Institute for the Unification of Private Law (“UNIDROIT”) Conventions.

While the UNESCO and UNIDROIT Conventions do not provide an absolute solution to the illicit cultural property trade, they are accessible and underutilized options that are particularly calibrated to assist developing countries. Increased ratification of the UNESCO and UNIDROIT Conventions would grant source country States Parties the enforcement benefits of the import regulations and domestic court systems of market country States Parties, and the strength of the Conventions would rise as the number of signatories increases. The costs imposed on developing country signatories are deliberately low to aid them in protection and recovery. Furthermore, the adoption of these two Conventions does not constrain States Parties from contemplating and implementing additional mechanisms to further protect cultural property. The UNESCO and UNIDROIT Conventions thus offer ready, underutilized options for developing countries to better protect their cultural property.
International Financial Regulation: Why It Still Falls Short
Authors: White William
Published: August 2020

While recent reforms are welcome in many ways, there are still significant reasons to doubt that the post-crisis tightening of international financial regulation guarantees future financial and economic stability. The most important reason is that the reforms have focused too narrowly on ensuring that an unstable financial sector will not aggravate downturns by restricting the supply of credit. More attention needs to be paid to ensuring that an overly exuberant financial system does not weaken other parts of the economy by encouraging a rapid buildup of debt during upturns. Some combination of time-varying monetary and regulatory policies (a macrofinancial stability framework) will be required to do this. In addition, many of the individual regulatory measures taken to date, both macroprudential and microprudential, have shortcomings. Their coherence as a package has also been questioned.
Cardiac function in patients with coronary artery disease prepared for coronary angiography
Authors: Łagoda Katarzyna , Sierżantowicz Regina , Nadolny Klaudiusz , Ładny Jerzy Robert , Hady Hady Razak
Published: August 2020

© ALUNA Publishing HouseEmerg Med Serv, 2020; VII, 1: 5-12ORIGINAL ARTICLE5DOI: 10.36740/EmeMS202001101carDIac FUnctIon In PatIents wItH coronarY arterY DIsease PrePareD For coronarY angIograPHYKatarzyna Łagoda1, Regina Sierżantowicz2, Klaudiusz Nadolny4,5, Jerzy Robert Ładny3,4, Hady Razak Hady3Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major health issues in the world. One of the factors that adversely affects the cardiovascular system is the acceleration of heart rate.the aim: Assessment of heart rate in patients with coronary heart disease depending on age and gender, as well as determination of patients ability to measure heart rate and to interpret the results.Material and methods: The study included 100 patients, both genders (62% men), aged from 45 to 84 years (67.61 ± 9.22 years) with diagnosed coronary heart disease, directed to coronarography, hospitalized in the Department of Invasive Cardiology of the University Hospital in Białystok. The data has been gathered using own questionnaire (38 questions), NYHA and CCS scale.results: The majority of patients do not know how to measure their heart rate correctly. Subjects with higher education level and under 65 years of age more often declared the knowledge about the correct heart rate value. Only 7.9% of women and 11.3% of men performed heart rate measurements by themselves. Elderly patients less frequently per-formed heart rate measurements (p=0.017) than those under 65 years of age. As many as 84.2% of women and 75.8% of men believed that the value of the heart rate affects their health.conclusions: 1. Lack of patients’ knowledge about the impact of heart rate on the cardiovascular status and lack of self-monitoring may lead to further disease development and deterioration of health. 2. Therapeutic education performed systematically on the subject of heart rate measurement, proper lifestyle and diet are important elements in improving the health of patients with coronary heart disease.
Cause for concern: Resident experience in operative trauma during general surgery residency at a Canadian centre
Authors: Engels Paul , Versolatto Andrew , Shi Qian , Coates Angela , Rice Timothy
Published: August 2020

Background: The ability to provide competent operative trauma care is a core objective of general surgery training but recent publications question the ability of graduates to meet this standard. To assess the adequacy of operative trauma exposure during residency, we constructed and analyzed a retrospective trauma operative case log for general surgery residents at a Canadian trauma centre. 

Methods: The Hamilton General Hospital Trauma Registry was used to identify all patients from July 2008 to June 2018 who underwent a trauma operation on the neck, chest, or abdomen.  Medical records were reviewed to determine procedure type and resident presence.

Results: In our study, 417 patients underwent 570 operations (422 abdominal, 103 thoracic, and 45 neck).  For the 35 residents that completed their general surgery residency during the study, the median number of trauma laparotomies was 5, with only 14/35 (40%) present for ≥10 trauma operations.  Only 10 residents (29%) were exposed to a neck exploration and 18 (51%) exposed to a thoracic operation for trauma.   

Conclusions: Operative trauma exposure amongst general surgery residents at an academic Canadian trauma centre was limited. Cumulative operative trauma surgery exposure of a typical graduating resident was inadequate when compared to Canadian and American accrediting-body standards.
Tantangan Pendiddikan Islam di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Abdurahman Jemani  , M. Afif Zamroni
Published: August 2020

Islamic education needs to transform various kinds of core policies in the body of Islamic education itself which are considered capable of answering the challenges and demands. Islamic education in the face of the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0 is expected to be able to bring a positive impact in all walks of life of society, religion, nation and state, not least in the field of Islamic education itself. The era of revolution 4.0 has been able to give birth to a new phenomenon that is considered very disruption so that it demands the world of Islamic education to innovate and become competent competitors. The reality that is happening now, graduates of Islamic education are now faced with new challenges, demands, and needs that are different from previous generations. So it needs to be carried innovations to the system, governance, curriculum, human resource competencies, facilities and infrastructure, culture, work ethic, commitment to change, etc. These things need to be done and get special attention by policy makers in Islamic education. If this is ignored, then Islamic education will be crushed, increasingly left behind and abandoned by its followers. Therefore, concrete steps are needed for Islamic education to be able to remain competitive in this era of disruption. The solutive step offered is to be able to integrate and keep up with changes and developments in technology today for the realization of modern Islamic education and global competitiveness.
Evaluasi Pemanfaatan Media Pembelajaran pada Mata Pelajaran PAI di MTs Daruttaqwa Gresik
Authors: Nur Silva Nabila
Published: August 2020

Learning media evaluation aims to find out whether the effectiveness and efficiency of the media used in conveying learning content. Weaknesses and strengths of a media will be known by this program, whether the media needs to be improved or not. This article discusses the use of instructional media in PAI subjects at MTs Daruttaqwa with descriptive deductive and inductive analysis. Sources of data derived from literature, observation, and interviews were analyzed qualitatively. The purpose of this article is a) to find out the learning media used in MTS Daruttaqwa b) to find out the use of learning media in MTs Daruttaqwa c) to analyze the evaluation of learning media in MTs Daruttaqwa. The conclusions of this article are a) The media used in PAI learning at MTs Daruttaqwa in the form of technology-based media such as language labs, computer labs, projectors and manual-based media such as props for example paper that contains a collection of pieces of verses of the Koran in Qur'an Hadith and other subjects b) Media used in PAI learning in MTs Daruttaqwa in the form of technology-based media and manual-based media c) PAI learning media in MTs Daruttaqwa is only limited to teaching aids for teachers and not as something that needs and much needed in learning activities
Development of a predictive model for hospital mortality and re-admission in a cohort of infected patients that require hospitalization
Authors: Villanueva Julio , Montes-Andujar Lara , Baez-Pravia Orville V , García-Lamberechts Eric Jorge , González del Castillo Juan , Ruiz Andrés , Zurdo Carmen , Barberán José , Menéndez Justo , Cardinal-Fernández Pablo ,   Departamento de Medicina Intensiva del Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro. Madrid, España
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The aims of the study were: to develop a predictive model for hospital mortality and another for hospital re-admission, to identify the impact of antibiotic delay in the mortality rate and, to report the rate of inappropriate antibiotic therapy.
Material and methods. A cohort and retrospective study was conducted at the HM Sanchinarro University Hospital during the period September 1st, 2012 to March 31th, 2013. The inclusion criteria were: age> 18 years, hospital admission from the ED with a diagnosis of bacterial infection. The exclusion criteria were: suspected viral infection, negative bacteriological cultures, life expectancy less than 6 months, lack of clinical information, assistance exclusively by the trauma emergency department. Two logistic models were made (hospital mortality and hospital re-admission).
Results. A total of 517 patients were included. The final mortality model (30 deaths) include the following variables: respiratory rate (OR 1.12; IC95% 1.02; 1.22), oxygen saturation (OR 0.92; IC95% 0.87; 0.98), creatinine (OR 2.33; IC95% 1.62; 3.36), COPD (OR 3.02; IC95% 1.06; 8.21), cancer (OR 3.34; IC95% 1.07; 9.98) and chemotherapy in the last 3 months (OR 4.83; IC95% 1.54; 16.41). The final model for hospital re-admission (28 re-admissions) include the following variables: hepatopathy (OR 5.51; IC95% 1.57; 16.88), GPT (OR 1.005; IC95% 1.003; 1.008), history of stroke (OR 5.06; IC95% 1.04; 18.80) and arterial hypertension (OR 3.15; IC95% 1.38; 7.56). The antibiotic therapy delays not influenced the mortality or re-admission rate. In 24.3% the causative microorganism was identified and antibiotic treatment was inappropriate 19.6%.
Conclusion. Hospital mortality rate was 5.8% and readmission rate was 5.7%. Variables associated with mortality differ from those associated with re-admission. The delay in the antibiotic initiation was not associated with a deleterious effect. Antibiotic therapy was inadequate in almost 20% of patients.
Pembelajaran IPA Dengan Model Pembelajaran Savi (Somatis Auditori Visual Intelektual) Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas IV MI NW Dames
Authors: Fitriani Siti Nurul
Published: August 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model Pembelajaran SAVI terhadap prestasi belajar IPA siswa MI NW Dames. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah siswa-siswi kelas IV MI NW Dames dan jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen serta pengambilan sampel ditentukan dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling (sampel acak sederhana) yaitu mengacak semua kelas IV yang kemampuannya dianggap setara”  dengan hasil kelas IVA sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas IVB sebagai kelas kontrol yang masing-masing berjumlah 22 dan 21 orang.
Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian eksperimen dimana terdapat dua kelompok yaitu kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol.Teknik pengambilan sampelnya yaitu simple random sampling, dimana dalam pengambilan sampel dipilih secara acak sederhana.Model desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Posttest-Only Control Design.Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik tes untuk memperoleh prestasi belajar siswa. Teknik analisis data berupa data kuantitatif.Uji hipotesisnya menggunakan uji-t untuk mencari perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol.
Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata posttest pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol, artinya terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar IPA siswa.Berdasarkan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan rumus t-test independent dapat disimpulkan adaperbedaan yang positif dan signifikan pada model pembelajaran SAVI dan metode demonstrasi terhadap prestasi belajar IPA siswa kelas IV MI NW Dames.