bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QSAR and docking studies of pyrazole analogs as antiproliferative against human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29
Authors: Mohamed Hiba Hashim Mahgoub , Hussien Amna Bint Wahab Elrashid Mohammed , Saeed Ahmed Elsadig Mohammed
Published: September 2022

In-silico quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study was performed to develop a model on a series of novel pyrazole derivatives containing acetamide moiety which exhibited considerable antiproliferative activity against human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29. The model obtained has a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9693, squared correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9395 and a leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation coefficient (Q2) value of 0.8744. The predictive power of the developed model was confirmed by the external validation which has an r2 value of 0.9488. These parameters confirm the stability and robustness of the model to predict the activity of a new designed set of 3,5-dimethyl-pyrazole derivatives (22-36), results indicated that the compounds 26, 31, 35, and 36 showed the strongest antiproliferative activity with (IC50 = 0.182, 0.172, 0.166 and 0.024 μM, respectively) against human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29 compared to the reference vemurafenib with (IC50 = 1.52 μM). Molecular docking was performed on the new designed compounds with the human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line 5JRQ protein. The docking results showed that compounds 26, 31, 35, and 36 have docking affinity of -8.528, -5.932, 23.017 and 18.432 kcal/mol, respectively.
Electronic band structure of Bi5O7NO3 and its methyl orange removal mechanism
Authors: Abdullah Eshraq Ahmed
Published: September 2022

A detailed study of the electronic band structures and partial density of states of Bi5O7NO3 with different exchange correlation functionals was performed using the generalized gradient approximation. Bi5O7NO3 has two direct energy gap transitions of 2.84 and 3.66 eV at the experimental lattice parameters, revealing a semiconductor characteristic of a crystal. Molecular Mechanics; however, tends to underestimate the band-gap energies with indirect characters. This deviation is due to the slight decrease in the cell edges and the significant increase in the β angle during the optimization process. The mechanism of removal of methyl orange and its derivatives by the Bi5O7NO3 unit cell, which has the same experimental UV-Vis band gap, was later investigated through a DMol3 module. To do that, frontier molecular orbitals, global reactivity parameters, and electrostatic potential surface maps were evaluated. The high values of the electrophilicity indexes hint that the dyes are more reactive and can work as good electrophile species. A molecular packing of dye molecules and the ionic natural of Bi5O7NO3 generate a synergistic effect between π-π stacking, anion-π stacking, cation-π stacking and electrostatic interactions, which are thought to be the driven forces during dye removal.
Graphene: A future science material for water treatment
Authors: Suhail Mohammad
Published: September 2022

Graphene is showing its versatility continuously by playing the most important role in many fields of science. Water treatment is one of them. In the present scenario, the supply of the safe and pure water has become the main priority. Especially, the most denser and populated areas are demanding of it. Although water treatment is done by applying different methods using different materials, no material showed the results as good as graphene-based materials. The current article deliberates not only the main properties of graphene but also their importance in the treatment of water. Besides, the current review also pronounces the method of graphene separation from the water after use and recycling.  Efforts are made to discuss the role of graphene materials in the treatment of water. Henceforward, this article will definitely be very helpful for researchers, academicians, and administration authorities who are planning and developing new strategies for the removal of ionic as well as organic impurities from water.
Graphical Contents
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: September 2022

Graphical Contents
IDENTIFIKASI TUMBUHAN MANGROVE DAN PEMANFAATANNYA DI PULAU ARU PROVINSI MALUKU
Authors: Samsi Andi Nur , Yusal Muhammad Sri
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the types of mangrove plants and their benefits to the ecosystem in the Aru Islands (Kalar-Kalar Village) from August to October 2020. The method used in this study is the survey method. Sampling in the field was carried out using exploration, interview, and documentation techniques. The results of this study obtained 10 different types of mangroves, namely: Achantus ebracthus, Achantus ilicifolius, Acrostichum aereum, Aegiceras floridum, Avicennia eucalyptifolia, Avicennia lanata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Lumnitzera littorea, Xylocarpus granatum, and Nypa fruticans. Mangrove plants are used as medicine, vegetables, firewood, building materials, and cigarette paper materials. The parts used are the leaves, stems, and fruit.
Translating effective education approaches, such as targeted instruction, across contexts
Authors:   Youth Impact, Angrist Noam , Meager Rachael ,   Youth Impact
Published: September 2022

Multiple randomised trials have proven that targeted educational instruction is an effective approach to addressing learning gaps in low- and middle- income countries. This approach has been tested in multiple rigorous studies, including in Ghana, Kenya and India. This evidence brief reports a formal synthesis of the evidence and assesses the strength and generalisability of the evidence and the factors that drive the largest frontier effects in the literature. This brief also provides practical guidance on elements of  targeted instructional approaches that drive the greatest impacts for students, and which are critical for the successful adaptation and scale-up of the approach across contexts.
The role of implementation in generalisability: A synthesis of evidence on targeted educational instruction and a new randomised trial
Authors:   Youth Impact, Angrist Noam , Meager Rachael ,   Youth Impact
Published: September 2022

Targeted instruction is one of the most effective educational interventions in low- and middle-income countries, yet the reported impacts of this approach vary, from 0.07 to 0.78 standard deviations (SDs) across contexts. We study this variation and the contextual factors associated with it by combining an evidence aggregation covering 10 study arms with a new randomised trial. The results show that two factors explain most of the heterogeneity in reported effects: the degree of implementation (intention-to-treat or treatment-on-the-treated effects) and the instruction delivery model (teachers or volunteers). Accounting for these implementation factors enables substantial generalisation of effect sizes across contexts. We introduce a new Bayesian model which incorporates implementation information into the evidence aggregation process. The results show that targeted instruction can deliver 0.39 SD improvements in learning on average when taken up, and 0.80 SD gains when implemented with high fidelity, explaining the upper range of effects in the literature. Given the central role of implementation identified in our synthesis, we conduct a new randomised trial to increase programme fidelity in Botswana. The results show additional 0.22 SD gains relative to standard implementation, revealing concrete mechanisms to enhance implementation and achieve the largest frontier effects identified in the literature.
CINEMA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Arruda Bernadino Leôncio de , Silva Diogo Douglas da , Silva Liliame Raquel de Souza e , Arruda Queila Oliveira de Almeida , Silva Roselaine Cristina da , Reis Sirley Cosmo da Silva
Published: October 2022

A Educação Infantil demanda estratégias de ensino que compreendam o desenvolvimento global das crianças e a diversidade existente entre elas. O cinema se enquadra como uma estratégia de ensino que se utiliza de uma ferramenta tecnológica, inovando as dinâmicas do desenvolvimento da aprendizagem na educação infantil. O objetivo geral deste estudo é discutir a estratégia de ensino com a utilização do recurso didático do cinema na educação infantil. Este estudo se caracteriza como uma pesquisa bibliográfica. O desenvolvimento deste estudo se justifica pela importância de se buscar o desenvolvimento de estratégias de ensino inovadoras e contextualizadas com a realidade dos alunos da educação infantil. As potencialidades da atividade de cinema se concretizam na educação infantil por meio de estratégias que contemplam a ludicidade, a recreação, a imaginação e liberdade, mas mantendo observado os objetivos do processo de ensino-aprendizagem
In orbit cross-calibration of millimeter conically scanning spaceborne radars
Authors: Battaglia Alessandro , Scarsi Filippo Emilio , Mroz Kamil , Illingworth Anthony
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The planned and potential introduction in the global satellite observing systems of conically scanning Ka and W band atmospheric radars [e.g. the radars in the Tomorrow.IO constellation, https://www.tomorrow.io/space/, and the Wivern (WInd VElocity Radar Nephoscope) radar, www.wivern.polito.it] calls for the development of methodologies for calibrating and cross-calibrating these systems. Traditional calibration techniques pointing at the sea surface at about 12° incidence angle are in fact unfeasible for such fast rotating systems. This study proposes a cross-calibration method for conically scanning spaceborne radars based on ice cloud reflectivity probability distribution functions (PDF) provided by reference radars like the GPM Ka-band radar or the W-band radars planned for the ESA-JAXA EarthCARE or for the NASA Atmosphere Observing System missions. In order to establish the accuracy of the methodology, radar antenna boresight positions are propagated based on four configurations of expected satellite orbits so that the ground-track intersections can be calculated for different intersection criteria, defined by cross-over instrument footprints within a certain time and a given distance. The climatology of the calibrating clouds, derived from the W-band CloudSat and Ka-band GPM reflectivity records, can be used to compute the number and the spatial distribution of calibration points. Finally, the mean number of days required to achieve a given calibration accuracy is computed based on the number of calibration points needed to distinguish a biased reflectivity PDF from the sampling-induced noisiness of the reflectivity PDF itself. Findings demonstrate that it will be possible to cross-calibrate within 1 dB a Ka-band (W-band) conically scanning radar like that envisaged for the Tomorrow.io constellation (Wivern mission) every few days (a week). Such uncertainties are generally meeting the mission requirements and the standards currently achieved with absolute calibration accuracy.
Upscaling dryland carbon and water fluxes with artificial neural networks of optical, thermal, and microwave satellite remote sensing
Authors: Dannenberg Matthew P. , Barnes Mallory L. , Smith William K. , Johnston Miriam R. , Meerdink Susan K. , Wang Xian , Scott Russell L. , Biederman Joel A.
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Earth’s drylands are home to more than two billion people, provide key ecosystem services, and exert a large influence on the trends and variability in Earth’s carbon cycle. However, modeling dryland carbon and water fluxes with remote sensing suffers from unique challenges not typically encountered in mesic systems, particularly in capturing soil moisture stress. Here, we develop and evaluate an approach for joint modeling of dryland gross primary production (GPP), net ecosystem exchange (NEE), and evapotranspiration (ET) in the western United States (U.S.) using a suite of AmeriFlux eddy covariance sites spanning major functional types and aridity regimes. We use artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict dryland ecosystem fluxes by fusing optical vegetation indices, multitemporal thermal observations, and microwave soil moisture/temperature retrievals from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) sensor. Our new dryland ANN (DrylANNd) carbon and water flux model explains more than 70 % of monthly variance in GPP and ET, improving upon existing MODIS GPP and ET estimates at most dryland eddy covariance sites. DrylANNd predictions of NEE were considerably worse than its predictions of GPP and ET, likely because soil and plant respiratory processes are largely invisible to satellite sensors. Optical vegetation indices, particularly the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and near-infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIRv), were generally the most important variables contributing to model skill. However, daytime and nighttime land surface temperatures and SMAP soil moisture and soil temperature also contributed to model skill, with SMAP especially improving model predictions of shrubland, grassland, and savanna fluxes and land surface temperatures improving predictions in evergreen needleleaf forests. Our results show that a combination of optical vegetation indices, thermal infrared, and microwave observations can substantially improve estimates of carbon and water fluxes in drylands, potentially providing the means to better monitor vegetation function and ecosystem services in these important regions that are undergoing rapid hydroclimatic change.
Integrating plant wax abundance and isotopes for paleo-vegetation and paleoclimate reconstructions: a multi-source mixing model using a Bayesian framework
Authors: Yang Deming , Bowen Gabriel J.
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Plant wax n-alkane chain length distribution and isotopes
have been studied in modern ecosystems as proxies to reconstruct vegetation
and climate of the past. However, most paleo-proxies focus on either
concentrations or isotopes, whereas both carry complementary information on
the mixing sources. We propose a multi-source mixing model in a Bayesian
framework that evaluates both chain length distributions and isotopes
simultaneously. The model consists of priors that include user-defined
source groups and their associated parametric distributions of n-alkane
concentration and δ13C. The mixing process involves newly
defined mixing fractions such as fractional leaf mass contribution (FLMC)
that can be used in vegetation reconstruction. Markov Chain Monte Carlo is
used to generate samples from the posterior distribution of these parameters
conditioned on both data types. We present three case studies from distinct
settings. The first involves n-C27, n-C29, and n-C31 alkanes in lake surface sediments of Lake Qinghai, China. The model provides more specific interpretations on the n-alkane input from aquatic sources than the conventional Paq proxy. The second involves n-C29, n-C31, and n-C33 alkanes in lake surface sediments in Cameroon, western Africa. The
model produces mixing fractions of forest C3, savanna C3, and
C4 plants, offering additional information on the dominant biomes
compared to the traditional two-end-member mixing regime. The third couples
the vegetation source model to a hydrogen isotope model component, using
biome-specific apparent fractionation factors (εa) to
estimate the δ2H of mean annual precipitation. By leveraging chain length distribution, δ13C, and δ2H data of
four n-alkane chains, the model produces estimated precipitation δ2H with relatively small uncertainty limits. The new framework shows promise for interpretation of paleo-data but could be further improved by including processes associated with n-alkane turnover in plants, transport,
and integration into sedimentary archives. Future studies on modern plants
and catchment systems will be critical to develop calibration datasets that
advance the strength and utility of the framework.
The 2022 Tonga Volcanic Tsunami: Lessons from a Global Event
Authors: Devlin Adam T. , Jay David A. , Talke Stefan A. , Pan Jiayi
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The January 15, 2022, Tonga eruption provides a rare opportunity to understand global tsunami impacts of explosive volcanism, including "air-shock” tsunamis induced by Lamb waves travelling in the atmosphere, and to evaluate future hazards. The propagation of the air-shock and oceanic tsunami components were analyzed using globally distributed 1-min measurements of air pressure and water level (tide gauges and deep-water buoys). Oceanic tsunamis (up to 1.7 m) propagated primarily throughout the Pacific, but air-shock tsunamis arrived first and traveled globally, producing water-level perturbations in the Indian Ocean, the Mediterranean, and the Caribbean. The air-shock induced water level response of most Pacific Rim gauges was amplified, likely related to bathymetric processes. The air-shock repeatedly boosted tsunami wave energy as it circled the planet several times. In some locations, the air-shock was amplified as much as 35X relative to inverse barometer by Proudman resonance and topographic effects. Thus, a large volcanic air-shock (10–30 mb) could cause a 3.5–10 m near-field tsunami that would occur in advance of (usually) larger oceanic tsunami waves, posing an additional hazard to local populations. Present tsunami warning systems do not consider this threat.
Online measurement of highly oxygenated compounds from organic aerosol
Authors: Häkkinen Ella , Zhao Jian , Graeffe Frans , Fauré Nicolas , Krechmer Jordan , Worsnop Douglas , Timonen Hilkka , Ehn Mikael , Kangasluoma Juha
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Highly oxygenated compounds are important contributors to the formation and growth of atmospheric organic aerosol, and thus have an impact on Earth’s radiation balance and global climate. However, knowledge of the contribution of highly oxygenated compounds to organic aerosol and their fate after condensing into the particle phase has been limited by the lack of suitable detection techniques. Here, we present a new online method for measuring highly oxygenated compounds from organic aerosol. The method includes thermal evaporation of particles in a new inlet, Vocus inlet for aerosols (VIA), followed by identification of the evaporated highly oxygenated compounds by a nitrate chemical ionization mass spectrometer (NO3-CIMS). The method does not require sample collection, enabling highly time-resolved measurements of particulate compounds. We evaluate the performance of the method by measuring the detection limit and performing background measurements. We estimate a detection limit of below 1 ng m−3 for a single compound and below 1 μg m−3 for SOA with the sampling set-up used here. These detection limits can be improved upon by optimizing the flow setup. Furthermore, we detect hundreds of particulate highly oxygenated compounds from organic aerosol generated from different precursors. Our results are consistent with previous studies showing that the volatility of organic compounds decreases with increasing m/z ratio and higher level of oxygenation, and that organic aerosol consists of monomers and oligomeric compounds. By comparing the gas- and particle-phase compounds, we found indications of potential particle-phase reactions occurring in organic aerosol. Future work will focus both on further improving the sampling design, as well as on better understanding the evaporation dynamics of the system, but already these initial tests show that VIA coupled to the NO3-CIMS is a promising method for investigating the transformations and fate of the compounds after condensing into the particle phase.
Vortex streets to the lee of Madeira in a km-resolution regional climate model
Authors: Gao Qinggang , Zeman Christian , Vergara‑Temprado Jesus , Lima Daniela , Molnar Peter , Schär Christoph
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Atmospheric vortex streets are a widely studied dynamical effect of isolated mountainous islands. Observational evidence comes from case studies and satellite imagery, but the climatology and annual cycle of vortex shedding are often poorly understood. Using the non-hydrostatic limited-area COSMO model driven by the ERA-Interim reanalysis, we conducted a ten-year-long simulation over a mesoscale domain covering Madeira and Canary Archipelagos at high spatial (grid spacing 1 km) and temporal resolutions. Basic properties of vortex streets were analyzed and validated through a 6-day-long case study in the lee of Madeira Island. The simulation compares well with satellite and aerial observations and with existing literature on idealized simulations. Our results show a strong dependency of vortex shedding on local and synoptic flow conditions, which are to a large extent governed by the location, shape, and strength of the Azores high. As part of the case study, we developed a vortex identification algorithm. The algorithm is based on a set of objective criteria and enabled us to develop a climatology of vortex shedding from Madeira Island for the 10-year simulation period. The analysis shows a pronounced annual cycle with an increasing vortex shedding rate from April to August and a sudden decrease in September. This cycle is consistent with mesoscale wind conditions and local inversion height patterns.
A comprehensive open-source course for teaching applied hydrological modelling in Central Asia
Authors: Marti Beatrice Sabine , Zhumabaev Aidar , Siegfried Tobias
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Numerical modelling is often used for climate impact studies in water resources management. It is, however, not yet highly accessible to many students of hydrology in Central Asia. One big hurdle for new learners is the scripting requirement for the preparation of relevant data prior to the actual modelling. We present a robust, open-source workflow and comprehensive teaching material that aims at bridging the gap between theoretical hydrological modelling know how and applied modelling for climate impact studies in Central Asia. The teaching material has been refined during two consecutive years and is being taken up by several professors teaching hydrological modelling in Central Asia.
Diatom responses and geochemical feedbacks to environmental changes at Lake Rauchuagytgyn (Far East Russian Arctic)
Authors: Biskaborn Boris K. , Forster Amy , Pfalz Gregor , Pestryakova Lyudmila A. , Stoof-Leichsenring Kathleen , Strauss Jens , Kröger Tim , Herzschuh Ulrike
Published: September 2022

Abstract. This study is based on multiproxy data gained from a 14C-dated 6.5 m long sediment core and a 210Pb-dated 23 cm short core retrieved from Lake Rauchuagytgyn in Chukotka, Arctic Russia. The main objectives are to reconstruct the environmental history and ecological development of the lake during the last 29k years and to investigate the main drivers behind bioproduction shifts. The methods comprise age-modeling and accumulation rate estimation, light-microscope diatom species analysis (74 samples), organic carbon, nitrogen, and mercury analysis. Diatoms have appeared in the lake since 21.8 cal ka BP and are dominated by planktonic Lindavia ocellata and L. cyclopuncta. Around the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary, other taxa including planktonic Aulacoseira and benthic fragilarioid (Staurosira) and achnanthoid species increase in their abundance. There is strong correlation between variations of diatom valve accumulation rates (DAR, mean 176.1 109 valves m2 a1), organic carbon accumulation rates (OCAR, mean 4.6 g m-2 a-1), and mercury accumulation rates (HgAR, mean 63.4 µg m-2 a-1). We discuss the environmental forcings behind shifts in diatom species and found responses of key-taxa to the cold glacial period, postglacial warming, Younger Dryas, and the Holocene Thermal Maximum. The short core data likely suggest recent change of the diatom community at 1907 CE related to human-induced environmental change. Significant correlation between DAR and OCAR in the Holocene interglacial indicates within-lake bioproduction as the main source of carbon deposited in the lake sediment. During both glacial and interglacial episodes HgAR is mainly bound to organic matter in the lake associated to biochemical substrate conditions. There were only ambiguous signs of increased HgAR during the industrialization period. We conclude that pristine Arctic lake systems can serve as CO2 and Hg sinks during warming climate driven by insolation-enhanced within-lake primary productivity. Maintaining intact natural lake ecosystems should therefore be of interest to future environmental policy.
LUCAS cover photos 2006–2018 over the EU: 874 646 spatially distributed geo-tagged close-up photos with land cover and plant species label
Authors: d'Andrimont Raphaël , Yordanov Momchil , Martinez-Sanchez Laura , Haub Peter , Buck Oliver , Haub Carsten , Eiselt Beatrice , van der Velde Marijn
Published: September 2022

Abstract. In the European Union, since 2006, a tri-annual survey has sampled land cover and land use information under the Land Use/Cover Area frame Survey (LUCAS). A total of 1 351 293 observations from 651 780 unique locations for 106 variables were collected during the five LUCAS surveys, including a total of 5.4 million landscape photos representing the observer view in the four cardinal directions as well as point photos showing the actual surveyed point. In addition to these previously published photos, additional LUCAS cover photos were recorded, showing a close-up view and thus more detail of the sampled tree, crop and plant species. Between 2006 and 2018, 875 661 LUCAS cover close-up photos were collected, showing the relevant land cover and plant species on the entire photo with the absence of any other elements of the landscape in the frame. Photos containing potential privacy content were identified following a two-stage deep learning anonymisation process, resulting in the removal of 346 photos before publication. This paper summarises the collection of LUCAS cover photos and the filtering for mandatory privacy issues and also provides links to download the data along with the photo metadata and cross-links to the corresponding LUCAS-harmonised survey data. Moreover, after presenting the final public and open dataset consisting of 874 646 photos,
potential applications relying on recent advances in geo-spatial analysis and statistical learning, such as large-scale biodiversity monitoring, are discussed. The data are available on the JRC Open Data Catalogue: http://data.europa.eu/89h/c83906d7-1817-495f-b4ba-f2e4b8859d48 (European Commission, Joint Research Centre, 2022).
The second Met Office Unified Model/JULES Regional Atmosphere and Land configuration, RAL2
Authors: Bush Mike , Boutle Ian , Edwards John , Finnenkoetter Anke , Franklin Charmaine , Hanley Kirsty , Jayakumar Aravindakshan , Lewis Huw , Lock Adrian , Mittermaier Marion , Mohandas Saji , North Rachel , Porson Aurore , Roux Belinda , Webster Stuart , Weeks Mark
Published: September 2022

Abstract. In this paper we define RAL2 - the second "Regional Atmosphere and Land" (RAL) science configuration for regional modelling. RAL2 uses the Unified Model (UM) as the basis for the atmosphere and the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) for the land. RAL2 defines the science configuration of the dynamics and physics schemes of the atmosphere and land and builds on the baseline of RAL1. There are two RAL2 sub-releases, one for mid-latitudes (RAL2-M) and one for tropical regions (RAL2-T). We document the differences between them and where appropriate discuss how RAL2 relates to RAL1 and the corresponding configuration of the global forecasting model. Our results show an increase in medium and low cloud amounts in the mid-latitudes leading to improved cloud forecasts. The increase in cloud amount leads to a reduced diurnal cycle of screen temperature. There is also a reduction in the frequency of heavier precipitation rates. RAL2 is expected to be the last RAL science configuration with two sub-releases as research effort is focused on producing a single defined configuration of the model that performs effectively in all regions of the world.
High Frequency radar-derived coastal upwelling index
Authors: Lorente Pablo , Rubio Anna , Reyes Emma , Solabarrieta Lohitzune , Piedracoba Silvia , Álvarez-Fanjul Enrique , Tintoré Joaquín , Mader Julien
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Coastal upwelling has been extensively studied since it plays a critical role in the connectivity between offshore waters and coastal ecosystems, impacting on water quality, fisheries and aquaculture production. Significant efforts have been devoted to the quantification of the intensity, duration and variability of this phenomenon by means of coastal upwelling indexes (CUI), derived from wind, sea level pressure or sea surface temperature data. Albeit valuable first-order descriptors, such classical indexes have been reported to present some limitations. As one of the major shortcomings is the omission of the direct influence of ocean circulation, this work introduces a novel CUI, generated from remote-sensed hourly surface current observations provided by a High-Frequency radar (HFR). The consistency of the proposed index (CUI-HFR) is assessed in two different oceanographic areas during two distinct time periods: in the North-western Iberian (NWI) Peninsula for 2021 and in the Bay of Biscay (BOB) for 2014, respectively. To this aim, CUI-HFR is compared against a traditional CUI based on hourly wind observations (CUI-WIND) provided by two buoys. Likewise, the skill of CUI-HFR to identify upwelling and downwelling events is also qualitatively evaluated. Complementarily, the prognostic capabilities of the GLOBAL analysis and forecasting system to accurately reproduce upwelling and downwelling events in the NWI area are also analysed (CUI-GLOBAL). Results obtained in these two pilot areas revealed: (i) a noticeable agreement between CUI-HFR and CUI-WIND, with correlation coefficients above 0.67; (ii) a proven ability of CUI-HFR and CUI-GLOBAL to categorize a variety of upwelling and downwelling episodes, which highlights their potential applicability for direct upwelling monitoring over any coastal area of the global ocean.
Overturning and heat transport variations in the South Atlantic in an ocean reanalysis ensemble
Authors: Baker Jonathan Andrew , Renshaw Richard , Jackson Laura Claire , Dubois Clotilde , Iovino Doroteaciro , Zuo Hao , Perez Renellys C. , Dong Shenfu , Kersalé Marion , Mayer Michael , Mayer Johannes , Speich Sabrina , Lamont Tarron
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The variability of the South Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and meridional heat transport measured across 34.5° S during 2013–2017 differs significantly between observational and ocean reanalysis estimates. Variability in an ocean reanalysis ensemble and an eddy-resolving reanalysis is similar to an altimeter-based estimate, but smaller than energy-budget and mooring-based estimates. Over 1993–2020, there is no long-term trend in the ensemble-mean overturning and heat transport, although there are inter-model differences, whereas the altimeter-based and energy-budget estimate transports increase over this period. Time-mean overturning volume transport (and the depth of maximum overturning) across 34.5° S in the ensemble and observations are similar, whereas the corresponding mean heat transports differ by up to 0.3 PW. The seasonal cycle of these transports varies between estimates, due to differences in the methods for estimating the geostrophic flow and the sampling characteristics of the observational approaches. Thus, the mean and variation of real world South Atlantic transports, and the amplitude of their fluctuations, are still uncertain. Ocean reanalyses may be useful tools to understand these differences and the mechanisms that control volume and heat transport variability in the South Atlantic, a region critical for determining the global overturning pathways and inter-basin transports.
Intense wind-driven coastal upwelling in the Balearic Islands in response to storm Blas (November 2021)
Authors: Mourre Baptiste , Reyes Emma , Lorente Pablo , Santana Alex , Hernández-Lasheras Jaime , Hernández-Carrasco Ismael , Garcia-Jove Navarro Maximo , Zarokanellos Nikolaos D.
Published: September 2022

Abstract. This article analyzes the Balearic Islands wind-driven coastal upwelling in response to the intense and long-lasting storm Blas which affected the Western Mediterranean Sea in November 2021. The storm was associated with a pronounced pressure low, generating heavy rains and intense winds and showing some characteristics of a tropical cyclone. The Balearic Islands area was particularly affected since the core of the storm was moving over a one-week-long period from the south-west of this area to just above Menorca and Mallorca Islands. High-resolution regional forecast models indicated that the intense northeasterly winds blowing over the region during the first days of the storm led to the development of intense upwellings along the northwestern coasts of Mallorca and Ibiza Islands together with a reversal of the surface current. While the clouds associated with the storm prevented the radiometers onboard satellites to precisely observe the evolution of the sea surface signature of the upwelling, signals of enhanced chlorophyll concentration were still detected in the upwelling region. The high-resolution Western Mediterranean Operational model, which downscales the Copernicus Marine Service Mediterranean predictions, is used to describe the characteristics of this intense coastal upwelling event, as well as to analyze its singularity over the past 9-year time series through the comparison of different coastal upwelling indices. The upwelling event is found to have a duration of three days with a spatial off-shore extension of around 20 km. It was characterized by intense cold coastal sea surface anomalies of around 6 °C. While it was the most intense event over the past 9 years in terms of local cross-shore sea surface temperature gradients, it is ranked second in terms of the intensity of cross-shelf transports, following the Gloria episode in January 2020.
Reconsidering evidence-based management of endometriosis
Authors: Koninckx P.R. , Ussia A , Alsuwaidi S , Amro B , Keckstein J , Adamyan L , Donnez J , Dan M.C. , Wattiez A
Published: September 2022

Background: Without an adequate animal model permitting experiments the pathophysiology of endometriosis remains unclear and without a non-invasive diagnosis, information is limited to symptomatic women. Lesions are macroscopically and biochemically variable. Hormonal medical therapy cannot be blinded since recognised by the patient and the evidence of extensive surgery is limited because of the combination of low numbers of interventions of variable difficulty with variable surgical skills. Experience is spread among specialists in imaging, medical therapy, infertility, pain and surgery. In addition, the limitations of traditional statistics and p-values to interpret results and the complementarity of Bayesian inference should be realised.

Objectives: To review and discuss evidence in endometriosis management

Materials and Methods: A PubMed search for blinded randomised controlled trials in endometriosis.

Results: Good-quality evidence is limited in endometriosis.

Conclusions: Clinical experience remains undervalued especially for surgery.

What is new? Evidence-based medicine should integrate traditional statistical analysis and the limitations of P-values, with the complementary Bayesian inference which is predictive and sequential and more like clinical medicine. Since clinical experience is important for grading evidence, specific experience in the different disciplines of endometriosis should be used to judge trial designs and results. Finally, clinical medicine can be considered as a series of experiments controlled by the outcome. Therefore, the clinical opinion of many has more value than an opinion.
Endometrial polypectomy using tissue removal device or electrosurgical snare: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: van Gemert J , Herman M.C. , Beelen P , Geomini P.M. , Bongers M.Y.
Published: September 2022

Background: Hysteroscopic transcervical resection of endometrial polyps is a widely used method and is increasingly performed in office or outpatient care. To ensure patient comfort is key, smaller instruments are preferred while also achieving a complete resection of the pathology.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of the electrosurgical polyp snare (DPS) in comparison with a tissue removal device (TRD).

Materials and Methods: This was a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial which included 66 women with symptomatic endometrial polyps who had been referred to the gynaecological outpatient clinic at the Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, the Netherlands. The patients were randomly allocated by using sealed envelopes to treatment with either the DPS (Duckbill®, Cook) or the TRD (Truclear™, Medtronic). Clinicians and patients were not blinded to the treatment performed. An independent observer blindly assessed the results.

Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the complete removal of the endometrial polyp. Secondary outcomes were woman acceptability and pain during the procedure, operating time, peri-operative and immediate postoperative complications.

Results: 57% of the polyps in the DPS group and 95% in the TRD group were completely removed (risk difference -0.39; 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.15). Average operating time was longer with DPS compared to the TRD (11.7 min. vs. 6.8 min., p = 0.018). The number of insertions of the hysteroscope was higher with the DPS compared to the TRD (3.9 vs. 1.7, p <0.001). One serious adverse event, a uterine perforation, occurred in the DPS group.

Conclusion: The TRD was superior to the DPS in completeness of polyp removal.

What is new? TRD has a higher rate of complete polyp resection, overall safety and higher patient satisfaction, this instrument should be considered as the preferred option in outpatient and office gynaecology.
The ongoing impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on endometriosis patients: A survey of 1,089 UK patients
Authors: Spencer J.I. , Mezquita G , Shakir F
Published: September 2022

Background: The impact of Covid-19 on endometriosis patients is under-researched. Endometriosis has significant psychosocial effects on patients. Moreover, the mainstay of diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis is elective surgery, impacted as a result of healthcare strain.

Objective: To better understand the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on endometriosis patients

Materials and Methods: An online survey sent to adult UK endometriosis patients between 27th August and 15th September 2021. The study received HRA and HCRW research ethic committee approval.

Main outcome measures: Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on endometriosis symptoms and surgery

Results: We received 1,089 survey responses. Respondents had a median age of 34, and 82.0% of respondents were white British. 18.8% of respondents reported a previous positive Covid-19 PCR test. 84.6% of patients had been double vaccinated at time of response. 20 patients reported Covid-related hospital admission, with 1 requiring intubation. Large numbers of patients (31.4-55.2%) reported worsening of endometriosis symptoms during the pandemic. 69.2% of respondents reported worsening of associated mental health symptoms. Whilst 44% of respondents had elective endometriosis surgery planned, the majority of operations were disrupted, and 18.7% of total respondents did not have a new surgery date.

Conclusions: More research and support are needed for endometriosis patients as they wait longer for surgery. A holistic approach, encompassing mental health needs, may be particularly beneficial for patients.

What is new? This is the first survey examining the effects of Covid-19 on endometriosis patients including data beyond January 2021.
Endometrial preservation during resection of type II and type III submucosal fibroids
Authors: Vorona G , Saridogan E
Published: September 2022

Background and objectives: Hysteroscopic myomectomy is considered the gold-standard treatment of submucosal fibroids. However, it is associated with disruption of the endometrium which may lead to complications such as intrauterine adhesions and loss of functional endometrium. In this video article we describe a technique to resect Type III and Type II fibroids whilst minimising the loss of overlying endometrium.

Materials and methods: We present two patients with type II/III submucosal fibroids with minimal or no intracavitary component. The resection technique we demonstrate comprises either making an endometrial incision or making a small opening in the overlying endometrium to expose the fibroid pseudocapsule. Subsequent steps of resection are then performed through this small opening. Thus, complete resection is achieved without further resection of the endometrium.

Main outcome measures: Evidence of endometrial healing and absence of intrauterine synechiae on follow up outpatient hysteroscopy or ultrasound scan.

Results: Full resection was achieved in both patients with no or minimal loss of overlying endometrium. A follow up outpatient hysteroscopy was performed 8 weeks later in the first patient, demonstrating completely healed uterine cavity. She had a successful conception and delivery following IVF treatment for male factor infertility. The second patient is currently in the process of IVF treatment.

Conclusions: Our technique enables endometrial preservation and potentially better reproductive outcomes following resection of type II and type III submucosal fibroids. Larger scale studies are required to elucidate long term outcomes on bigger patient population.
Organización y programación de la industria del cine en México: una mirada retrospectiva
Authors: Nieto Malpica Jorge , Lozano José Carlos , Rangel Blanco Lidia , Montes de Oca Rojas Yorberth
Published: September 2022

Este trabajo forma parte del proyecto internacional de investigación “Cultura de la pantalla: entre la ideología, la economía política y la experiencia, estudio sobre el rol social de la exhibición cinematográfica y su consumo y su interacción con la modernidad y la urbanización”. Inspirado en la perspectiva teórica de la Nueva Historia del Cine (New Cinema History), en él se analiza la exhibición y programación de películas de 1952 en el puerto de Tampico, México, situado en noreste del país. El propósito es presentar un estudio de caso fuera de Europa y los Estados Unidos que permita contrastar los factores que influyeron en la oferta cinematográfica y describir la ubicación de las salas de cine en la zona. Se investigó en archivos de Tampico, así como en las carteleras cinematográficas publicadas en el periódico El Sol de Tampico. El artículo discute tanto la presencia histórica de las películas de Hollywood en la ciudad como el auge de la exhibición de películas nacionales durante este año, en particular de la época de oro del cine mexicano.
Detección de posible manipulación de estados financieros, aplicación del modelo Beneish M-score en empresas colombianas
Authors: Isaac Roque Daniel , Escobar Rodríguez John Hernando , Gutiérrez Mejía Diana Patricia
Published: September 2022

El fraude en los estados financieros representa una grave amenaza para los usuarios de la información financiera. Desde la investigación científica se propone el uso de modelos capaces de detectar una posible distorsión en la presentación de la información financiera. Con el propósito de identificar la posible manipulación de los estados financieros en empresas colombianas se realiza la aplicación del modelo Beneish M-score. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, con un nivel de profundización descriptiva no experimental. El modelo de puntaje M. se aplicó a 274 empresas, donde los resultados evidencian indicios de una posible manipulación en los estados financieros en las empresas analizadas. Estos hallazgos revelan la existencia de posibles esquemas contables fraudulentos en empresas colombianas.
Consecuencias financieras de la primera aplicación de la Norma Internacional de Información Financiera N° 16 en Chile
Authors: Zúñiga Felipe , Villanueva Daniel , Pacheco Leonardo , Pincheira Roxana
Published: September 2022

En enero de 2019 entró en vigencia la Norma Internacional de Información Financiera (NIIF) Nº16 sobre arrendamientos. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los efectos de su aplicación y para ello se estudiaron 30 empresas adscritas al Índice de Precios Selectivo de Acciones (IPSA) en Chile, identificándose las políticas contables aplicadas, así como el efecto producido en los rubros contables. También se analizó el efecto en diversos indicadores financieros. La metodología implica un enfoque cuantitativo y descriptivo y un estudio de corte transversal, de revisión de los estados financieros y sus notas. Como conclusión, se obtiene que las empresas, en general, utilizaron como política contable la retrospección modificada, con una menor proporción de ellas afectando las ganancias acumuladas en comparación con las que optaron por igualar el activo al pasivo, no modificando el patrimonio; además, la evidencia muestra que los indicadores se ven afectados por el nivel de utilización de contratos de arrendamiento. Se privilegió el proceso de convergencia antes que la comparabilidad entre las cifras, igual que en trabajos previos, que sugieren que deben existir soluciones prácticas para aplicar la norma, para una mejor calidad y utilidad de la información.
Mapa de Consenso del Docente Universitario: Percepciones del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje efectivo
Authors: Letzkus-Palavecino Manuel , Álvarez-Maldonado David , Araya-Castillo Luis , Fuentealba-Ubilla María-Angélica
Published: September 2022

En el contexto internacional de las actividades educativas universitarias, se describe las características del servicio docente efectivo, en términos de proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, desde la percepción de profesores, dada su relevancia para la educación. El objetivo general es identificar sus atributos en un mapa de consenso mediante técnicas inspiradas en la metodología de Elicitación de Metáforas de Zaltman, que destaca la relevancia del ámbito no-verbal en el levantamiento de información. Los hallazgos de este estudio es un mapa de los modelos mentales de los docentes sobre la percepción de un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje efectivo. La conclusión presenta elementos significativos para el diseño y desarrollo de programas de capacitación considerando la percepción de docentes, los cuales están orientados a promover la participación estudiantil como destino central de las prácticas docentes efectivas relacionadas con la flexibilidad, la confianza, la disposición y el provocar cambios en estudiantes.