bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of Changes the Land Use Land Cover and Impact of the It Park at Talwade Pune On the Nearby Villages
Authors: Khare Ujjwala , Thakur Prajakta
Published: December 2020

The expansion of urban areas is common in metropolitan cities in India. Pune also has experienced rapid growth in the fringe areas of the city. This is mainly on account of the development of the Information Technology (IT) Parks. These IT Parks have been established in different parts of Pune city. They include Hinjewadi, Kharadi, Talwade and others like the IT parks in Magarpatta area. The IT part at Talwade is located to close to Pune Nashik Highway has had an impact on the villages located around it. The surrounding area includes the villages of Talwade, Chikhli, Nighoje, Mahalunge, Khalumbre and Sudumbre.

The changes in the land use that have occurred in areas surrounding Talwade IT parks during the last three decades have been studied by analyzing the LANDSAT images of different time periods. The satellite images of the 1992, 2001 and 2011 were analyzed to detect the temporal changes in the land use and land cover.

This paper attempts to study the changes in land use / land cover which has taken place in these villages in the last two decades. Such a study can be done effectively with the help of remote sensing and GIS techniques. The tertiary sector has experienced a rapid growth especially during the last decade near the IT Park. The occupation structure of these villages is also related to the changes due to the development of the IT Park.

The land use of study area has been analysed using the ground truth applied to the satellite images at decadal interval. Using the digital image processing techniques, the satellite images were then classified and land use / land cover maps were derived. The results show that the area under built-up land has increased by around 14 per cent in the last 20 years. On the contrary, the land under agriculture, barren, pasture has decreased significantly.
A Survey on the Use of IoT and IoT Devices in a Human Life
Authors: Chaudhary Rupal
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The Internet of Things (IoT) is making a lot of buzz while it approaches changing our lives. IoT is all over the place, despite the fact that we don't generally observe it or realize that a gadget is a piece of the IoT. The IoT is transforming physical articles into a biological system of data shared between gadgets that are wearable, versatile, even implantable, making our lives innovation and information rich. IoT business applications are various. Keen machines are evolving when, where and how work is done in for all intents and purposes each industry; yet, I'm not catching it's meaning for reality? IoT is a remarkable system associating machines, people, information and forms and is presently sifting down to reality, molding how we approach our every day lives. Some true instances of IoT are wearable wellness and trackers (like Fitbits) and IoT social insurance applications, voice partners (Siri and Alexa), shrewd vehicles (Tesla), and keen machines (iRobot). With IoTs quick arrangement coming into contact with numerous IoT gadgets consistently will be unavoidable soon. In this paper we gathered the region on which the IoT gadgets will significantly affect numerous parts of our carries on with like in live, in drive, and in cultivating harvests and creatures.
The Impact of Sex Work on Psychological Wellbeing
Authors: Karunanayake Danesh , Jayasundara Nirmala , Vimukthi N. D. U.
Published: December 2020

A controversial type of profession undertaken by women is sex work or prostitution, always subjected to regulation by law or convention. Sex workers are often stigmatized, marginalized, and criminalized by the societies in which they live. The profession of sex work may impact on the psychological wellbeing of the workers. This study aims to explore the impact of sex work on the psychological wellbeing of female sex workers. Qualitative design was used as the research design. The study used a purposive sample of five female sex workers and semi-structured interviews as the key method of data collection. The questions of the semi-structured interview were developed along the six dimensions of Ryff’s Psychological wellbeing scales: Autonomy, Environmental mastery, Personal growth, Positive relations with others, Purpose in life, and Self-acceptance. The data were analyzed along these six dimensions using the thematic analysis method. The findings of the study show that there is considerable impact of sex work on the psychological wellbeing of female sex workers. The impact is mostly negative and were especially true for Ryff’s dimensions of autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth and self-acceptance
Analysis and Development of Efficient DSM Engine for Smart Industrial Based on Big Data and IoT
Authors: Chaudhary Rupal
Published: December 2020

Savvy social orders have an expanding interest for quality-arranged administrations and framework in an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) worldview. Savvy urbanization faces various difficulties. Among them, made sure about vitality Demand Side Management (DSM) is of specific concern. The IIoT renders the mechanical frameworks to malware, digital assaults, and other security chances. The IIoT with the mixture of Big Data investigation can give effective answers for such difficulties. This paper proposes a made sure about and trusted multi-layered DSM motor for a shrewd social society utilizing IIoT-based Big Data examination. The proposed motor uses an incorporated way to deal with accomplish ideal DSM over a Home Area Network (HAN). To upgrade the security of this motor, a payload-based confirmation conspire is used that depends on a lightweight handshake component. Our proposed strategy uses the lightweight highlights of Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) to encourage the customers in observing different assets dwelling over the worker in a vitality productive way. Likewise, information streams are handled utilizing Big Data examination with MapReduce equal preparing. The proposed confirmation approach is assessed utilizing NetDuino Plus 2 loads up that yield a lower association overhead, memory utilization, reaction time and a vigorous safeguard against different vindictive assaults.
Morphological Evaluation and Grading of Human Embryo Quality from Day - 1 to Day - 3 Embryos for Optimum Conceiving Rate
Authors: Dayal Ram , Singh Sumer , Kumar Prabhat , Singh Kamla , Tripathi Pawan Kumar , Gupta Rajni , Singhal Sumit
Published: December 2020

A grading system of human embryo is very important for embryo selection & predicting blastocyst formation from day - 1, day 2, & day – 3, were sequentially explained. We were designed a methods for grading of embryos from day – 1 (zygote as a pronuclear evaluation, PN), day – 2 (cleavage stage) and day - 3 (evaluation of developmental stage according to cell size and fragmentation) embryo according to cell size and degree of fragmentation and early compaction. In the first grading system pronuclear study and poly-spermy, Second grading system is based on the blastomere / cell number and the observation of fragmentation pattern and selection for embryo transfer, embryos vitrification and pregnancy outcome. Assessment of embryo quality in order to select the embryos that have higher chance to give pregnancy, it is critical goal in IVF cycle or assisted reproductive technologies. ET current trend in human infertility treatment with IVF / ICSI embryo transfer (IVF / ICSI ET) is to increase the chance of higher pregnancy and reduce the multiple pregnancies after multiple embryo transfer according to patient age and endometrium thickness as well as own ART Laboratory protocol. Morphological evaluation & grading of human embryo as a reliable and no-invasive method that provides valuable information & prediction of IVF/ICSI embryos which has developmental potential to reach till early compaction or blastocyst. This research paper describes the current status of morphological embryo evaluation from zygote to eight cell blastomeres or early compaction on late day 3.

We found higher embryo development potential and early compaction during in-vitro embryo culture conditions and higher implantation rate in Grade A embryos in comparison transferred of Grade B embryos. Overall embryo development in-vitro and conceiving rate was seen 48.06 % after embryo transfer of both grades A and Grade B embryos in 233 patients in different age group with different endometrium thickness and multiple embryos transfer in one uterus depend on patient previous history. 935Embryos was selected from 2702 developing embryos for embryo transfer (ET) was performed in 233 patients. After this study we found implantation rate (IR) was 48.06% based on embryo quality, morphology and grade.
Study on The Strength Properties of F.R.C with Incorporation of Wood Ash
Authors: Reddy B. Jayarami
Published: December 2020

Cementations materials have been utilized by humankind for development from days of yore. The each rising practical prerequisite of the structures and the ability to oppose forceful components has required growing new cementations materials and solid composites to meet the better and strength rules. The ecological factors and weight of using waste materials from industry have additionally been the major contributory components in new advancements in the field of solid innovation.

With the headway of innovation and expanded field of uses of cement and mortars, the quality functionality, strength and different characters of the standard solid need changes to make it more appropriate for a by circumstances. Added to this is the need to battle the expanding cost and shortage of concrete. Under these conditions the utilization of admixtures is discovered to be a significant elective arrangement.

Subsequently an endeavor has been made in the current examination to assess the functionality, compressive quality, part elasticity and flexure quality on expansion of wood squander debris (0 – 50%) alongside creased steel strands (0-2%) in concrete. Wood debris is an admixture: a pozzolana. Wood debris is created as a side-effect of ignition in wood-terminated force plants, paper factories, and other wood consuming businesses.

The extent of present examination is

To study the usefulness regarding compaction factor of wood squander debris based fiber strengthened cement

To study the quality attributes regarding compressive, split tensile and flexure qualities of wood squander debris based fiber fortified cement

Standard shapes of 150 ? 150 ? 150 mm have been projected and tried for getting 7 days and 28 days compressive Strength.

Standard chambers of 150mm width and 300 mm tallness were projected and tried for Split rigidity.
An Experimental Study on The Influence of Nano Silica on the Strength and Durability Characteristics of Self Compacting Concrete
Authors: Reddy K. Satish Kumar , Rafi D. Mohammed , Dadapeer A.B.S.
Published: December 2020

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is also considered as a concrete which can be placed and compacted under its own weight with little or no vibration without segregation or bleeding. The use of SCC with its improving productions techniques is increasing everyday in concrete production. It is used to facilitate and ensure proper filling and good structural performance of heavily reinforced structural members. Recently, nano particles have been gaining increasing attention and have been applied in many fields to fabricate new materials with novel functions due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Degradation of concrete members exposed to aggressive sulphuric acid environments is a key durability issue that affects the life cycle performance and maintenance costs of vital civil infrastructure. Sulphuric acid in groundwater, chemical waste or generated from the oxidation of sulphur bearing compounds in backfill can attack substructure concrete members. Moreover, concrete structures in industrial zones are susceptible to deterioration due to acid rain of which sulphuric acid is a chief component.
In this work 40Mpa self-compacting concrete is developed using modified Nan-Su method of mix design. Slump flow, J-Ring, V-funnel tests are conducted to justify the fresh properties of SCC and are checked against EFNARC (2005) specifications. Specimens of dimensions 150x150x150mm were cast without nano silica and with two nano silica are added in different percentages(1%, 1.5% and 2% by weight of cement) to SCC. To justify the compressive strength for 7 and 28days, specimens are tested under axial compression. Durability properties were also studied by immersing the specimensin5% HCl and5% H2SO4. The particle packing in concrete can be improved by using Nano-silica which leads to densifying of the micro and nanostructure resulting in improved mechanical properties. Nano-silica addition to cement based materials can also control the degradation of the fundamental C-S-H (calcium-silicate-hydrate) reaction of concrete caused by calcium leaching in water as well as block water penetration and therefore lead to improvements in durability.
The Effect of Current Ratio and Debt to Asset Ratio on Net Profit Margin and Stock Prices: A Study of Basic Industry and Chemicals Companies
Authors: S Sudirman , Abdullah Muhammad Wahyuddin , Obie Muhammad
Published: December 2020

This study examined the effect of current ratio and debt to asset ratio on net profit margin and stock prices of the sector basic industry and chemicals companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2015-2019. The object of research was the stock prices of companies in the Basic Industry and Chemicals sector, which have been published through the official website of the Indonesian capital market. It was used secondary data derived from the monthly statistics, including Current Ratio data, Net Profit Margin, Debt to Asset Ratio, and data on closing prices for the period 2015-2019. In analyzing data, it was used path analysis of secondary data obtained from the basic industry sector financial statements of 60 companies. The company's performance in this sector is considered quite good when seen from the movement of the index value in the last five years. The results show that direct current ratio had a positive and significant effect on the net profit margin, and the debt to equity ratio did not significantly influence the net profit margin. The current ratio has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, and the debt to equity ratio has a negative and not significant effect on stock prices. In contrast, the net profit margin has a significant effect on stock prices in the basic industry sector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Indirectly the current ratio has a positive and significant effect on stock prices. In contrast, the debt to asset ratio has a negative and not significant effect on the company's stock prices in the basic industry sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Digital Certificate System for Verification of Educational Certificates using Blockchain
Authors: Badhe Vipul , Nhavale Pooja , Todkar Sonal , Shinde Prajakta , Kolhar Kiran
Published: December 2020

While the number of universities, tertiary education students and number of graduates per year constantly increase, the need to easily verify degree certificates generates new business opportunities. In this paper we project two financial models balancing where the price for the service is balanced between the graduate and the employer as the main stakeholders of that service. Students demand a proof-of-certification at low cost and easy to check, employers also demand quick and trustable verification of degrees when recruiting. As large number of students graduate every year, the problem of fake certificates is a big issue. One can easily get fake certificates in India. Companies hiring thousands of fresher spend large amount of money to get the educational certificates and transcripts verified of applicants. A Digital Certificate using blockchain technology can address this problem. Blockchain is a decentralized distributed digital ledger collectively maintained by a network of computers, called nodes. The data in the blockchain cannot be modified by a person without the consent of everyone else who maintains the records. This makes the data secure.
“We are competely dependent on them . . .” – relations between the helpers and the hiding as exemplified by Fela Fischbein’s diary
Authors: Engelking Barbara
Published: December 2020

The text is an analysis of the relations between a hiding Jewess, Fela Fischbein, and her landlady, a Polish woman, Katarzyna Dunajewska. In hiding, Fela wrote her diary, which was the basis for the description of her feelings, experiences, her perception of the Poles who helped her, and her change of attitude toward them. The hiding Jewess moves from gratitude to the Poles to disappointment and aversion, which is caused by the attitude of the Poles to the Jews who needed help: financial exploitation of their situation and denouncing them to the Germans.
The Comforting Power of Kitsch. The (Esthetic) Meanders of Holocaust Literature
Authors: Ubertowska Aleksandra
Published: December 2020

The paper is an attempt at outlining the esthetics of kitsch in Holocaust literature.  On the basis of Abraham Moles’ and  Saul Friedländer’s distinctions, the author analyses works of fiction, Boyne’s The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas, and Littel’s The Kindly Ones, indentifying elements of kitsch in them: Perpetrator’s perspective narration, stylistic excess, shocking with cruelty, artistic conformism.  In the autobiographical works of Roma Ligocka and Marta Sztokfisz/Edyta Klein, the signs of kitsch mark the overly egocentric narrative perspective, as well as the camouflaging of the auto-fictional character of the alleged memoirs.
A Polish Weininger? The Case of Julian Unszlicht (1883–1953)
Authors: Krzywiec Grzegorz
Published: December 2020

The life of Julian Unszlicht (1883–1953) illustrates the case and process of the assimilation of Polish Jews. However, Unszlicht’s case is special as it shows that holding anti-Semitic views, which were to be a ticket to a Catholic society, guaranteed neither putting the roots down permanently nor gaining a new identity. The biography of a priest-convert allows to look closer at the processes of effacement and convergence of anti-Jewish rhetoric. The modern one, of the turn of 19th and 20th centuries, with Catholic anti-Judaism, which was constantly excused by religious reasons and at the same time, it often spread to the ethnic-racial mental grounds. Contrary to common definitions and distinctions, those two ways of thinking perfectly complemented and strengthened each other, both living using the other’s reasoning. The Holocaust added a tragic punch line to the embroiled story of the priest-convert
“I don’t want people laughing at me for hiding Jews at my place . . .” The Case of Zdzisław and Halina Krzyczkowski
Authors: Leociak Jacek
Published: December 2020

On 25 May 1988 the Commission for the Designation of the Righteous of the Yad Vashem Institute decided to award Zdzisław and Halina Krzyczkowski the medal Righteous Among the Nations on the application of Marian Berland, who was hiding, together with four people, at the Krzyczkowskis’ place during the occupation. In his letter he wrote that “never throughout the entire period did they give us reasons to fear that they would denounce us or throw us out on the street. We survived that horrible time only thanks to them and their help.” However, Berland’s notes written in hiding reveal a totally different picture; the Krzyczkowskis are a couple of lumpenproletarians from Sienna Street, who constantly cheat and blackmail the Jews they are hiding
“I knew just one little Jewess hiding . . .” The case of Zofia and Marian Chomin - edited and introduced by Agnieszka Haska
Authors: Haska Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

The presented materials come from the case files of Zofia and Marian Chomin, arrested in 1945 and accused of denouncing Jews living in a tenement house in No. 8a Jabłonowskich St. in Lvov during the war, including the poet Zuzanna Ginczanka. During her stay in Lvov Ginczanka three times escaped arrest, and in her last preserved poem, Non omnis moriar, included the name of the denunciator, Zofia Chomin. This poem became evidence in the case in question, which ended with the acquittal of Marian Chomin and the sentencing of Zofia Chomin to 4 years imprisonment.
Christian-Jewish Dialogue in the Land of Sick Imagination. On the Margins of Waldemar Chrostowski’s Book Kościół, Żydzi, Polska
Authors: Salamon, SJ Janusz
Published: December 2020

The article is a polemic with the pessimistic assessment of the current state of the Christian-Jewish dialog presented by Waldemar Chrostowski in his recent book Kościół, Żydzi, Polska [The Church, Jews, Poland]. The author criticizes Rev. Chrostowski for defining the Christian-Jewish and Polish-Jewish relations in terms of strict opposition and unavoidable conflict of interests, and for putting all blame on Jews, while absolving Christians from all their past and present sins which contributed to the tensions between the two communities.
Literatura dokumentu osobistego jako źródło do badań nad Zagładą Żydów (Rekonesans metodologiczny)
Authors: Leociak Jacek
Published: December 2020

W artykule zastanawiam się, po pierwsze – nad charakterystyką gatunkową tekstów należących do obszaru tzw. literatury dokumentu osobistego oraz ich specyfiką jako źródła historycznego do badań Holocaustu; po drugie – nad metodologicznym wyzwaniem, jakie tego typu źródła stanowią dla historiografii (nie tylko) Holocaustu. Stawiam następujące pytania: czym jest dla historyków Zagłady literatura dokumentu osobistego, stanowiąca różnorodny w formie zapis tego doświadczenia; jak ją wykorzystują w swojej pracy badawczej; w jaki sposób czytają te osobiste narracje? Ogólniejszym kontekstem tych rozważań jest debata o warunkach możliwości uprawiania historiografii Holocaustu, tocząca się wśród współczesnych teoretyków historii. Jedną z form tej debaty opisać można jako konflikt między „dyskursem historii” i „dyskursem pamięci”.
Polska i zagraniczna historiografia na temat stosunków polsko-żydowskich w okresie drugiej wojny światowej
Authors: Aleksiun Natalia
Published: December 2020

Historiografia na temat Zagłady, publikowana w Polsce w okresie od zakończenia II Wojny Światowej do lat 90. wydaje się być mocno złożona. Z jednej strony nie ignorowała zagadnienia, unikała jednak pewnych tematów. Żydowscy historycy skupieni w Centralnej Żydowskiej Komisji Historycznej w Polsce, zwłaszcza w okresie tużpowojennym, angażowali badania i publikowali pierwsze pionierskie studia i zbiory dokumentów. Od roku 1968 do lat 80. badania historyczne nad losem polskich Żydów były marginalizowane, a prowadzono je niemal wyłącznie w murach Żydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego w Warszawie. Pomimo dużej liczby wydawanych lokalnie studiów i badań prowadzonych obecnie, zwłaszcza w kontrowersyjnym temacie stosunków polsko-żydowskich w czasie wojny, historiografia zagadnienia nadal cierpi na brak spójnego podejścia merytorycznego, jak również nowej syntezy Zagłady Polskich Żydów.
Teksty pogrzebane w niepamięci. Relacje dwóch uciekinierek z masowego grobu Poniatowa
Authors: Żbikowski Andrzej
Published: December 2020

W artykule zostały przytoczone i poddane analizie relacje dwóch Żydówek, którym jako jedynym udało się przeżyć egzekucję więźniów obozu pracy przymusowej w Poniatowie. Egzekucja ta była częścią szerszej akcji fizycznej likwidacji żydowskich więźniów, tzw. akcji dożynkowej (Erntefest), którą przeprowadzono w pierwszym tygodniu listopada 1943 r. w obozach w Trawnikach, Poniatowej i na lubelskim Majdanku. Obu kobietom, które przeżyły egzekucję udało się dzięki zbiegowi szeregu okoliczności dotrzeć do Warszawy i dzięki pomocy ze strony działaczy Rady Pomocy Żydom "Żegota" doczekać wyzwolenia. W artykule analizuję okoliczności powstania obu relacji, przyczyny zaniechania ich publikacji jeszcze w czasie wojny oraz znaczenie dla naszej wiedzy nie tylko o samej egzekucji lecz także o naturze skomplikowanych wojennych stosunków polsko-żydowskich, gdyż to od pomocy Polaków zależał los uciekinierem z masowego grobu
Partyzantka polska lat 1942–1944 w relacjach żydowskich
Authors: Bańkowska Aleksandra
Published: December 2020

Założeniem artykułu jest prezentacja na podstawie relacji sposobu postrzegania partyzantki polskiej przez ocalonych Żydów. Bazą źródłową są relacje z Archiwum Żydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego. Omówione zostały kolejno następujące formacje polskiego podziemia wojskowego: Armia Krajowa, Bataliony Chłopskie, bojówki socjalistyczne, Narodowe Siły Zbrojne oraz Gwardia/Armia Ludowa. W omówieniu formacji podziemia niepodległościowego zwraca uwagę obecne stale w relacjach poczucie zagrożenia, nawet śmiercią, z rąk partyzantów. Relacje podają liczne przykłady morderstw. Wspomniane są również utrudnienia w akcesie Żydów do oddziałów partyzanckich a także odmowy współpracy ze strony polskiej. Zeznania dotyczące GL/AL różnią się od poprzednich głównie perspektywą „od wewnątrz”, gdyż większość relacji jest autorstwa Żydów - partyzantów GL. Być może dlatego dominuje w nich pozytywny obraz partyzantki komunistycznej, jakkolwiek wspomniane są kilkakrotnie konflikty dowództwa z oddziałami żydowskimi GL
Apokryfy z dziejów Żydowskiego Związku Wojskowego i ich autorzy.
Authors: Libionka Dariusz
Published: December 2020

This article is an attempt at a critical analysis of the history of the Jewish Fighting Union (JFU) and a presentation of their authors based on documents kept in the archives of the Institute of National Remembrance in Warsaw. The author believes that an uncritical approach and such a treatment of these materials, which were generated under the communist regime and used for political purposes resulted in a perverted and lasting picture of the history of this fighting organisation of Zionists-revisionists both in Poland and Israel. The author has focused on a deconsturction of the most important and best known “testimonies regarding the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising”, the development and JFU participation in this struggle, given by Henryk Iwaƒski, WΠadysΠaw Zajdler, Tadeusz Bednarczyk and Janusz Ketling–Szemley.A comparative analysis of these materials, supplemented by important details of their war-time and postwar biographies, leaves no doubt as to the fact that they should not be analysed in terms of their historical credibility and leads one to conclude that a profound revision of research approach to JFU history is necessary.
Polscy zarządcy powierniczy majątku żydowskiego - zarys problematyki.
Authors: Grabowski Jan
Published: December 2020

Zagadnienie tzw. powiernictwa, czyli zarządzania mieniem skonfiskowanym podczas wojny na terenie Generalnej Guberni (GG) nie doczekało się jak dotąd żadnych naukowych opracowań.  Nieco więcej wiadomo o masowych wywłaszczeniach na terenach włączonych do Rzeszy, gdzie grabież przybrała szczególnie zastraszające wymiary.  Niemniej przeto, konfiskaty w GG - choć przeprowadzone z mniejszym rozmachem - bez wątpienia  wywarły ogromny wpływ na rozwój stosunków własnościowych. Niniejsza  nota  nie rości sobie pretensji do wyczerpania tematu, a jej celem jest raczej zarysowanie skali zagadnienia oraz wysunięcie kilku sugestii natury metodologicznej, które będą pomocne w przyszłych badaniach.  Przedmiotem naszego zainteresowania będzie bowiem wąski wycinek wspomnianego zagadnienia - skupimy się mianowicie na wywłaszczeniu nieruchomości należących do polskich obywateli pochodzenia żydowskiego i położonych w  kilku podwarszawskich miejscowościach.
Głową w mur. Interwencje Kazimierza Papée, polskiego ambasadora przy Stolicy Apostolskiej, w sprawie zbrodni niemieckich w Polsce, listopad 1942 – styczeń 1943
Authors: Libionka Dariusz
Published: December 2020

2 stycznia 1943 roku prezydent RP Władysław Raczkiewicz za pośrednictwem Ambasady RP przy Stolicy Apostolskiej wystosował telegram do Piusa XII. W dramatycznych słowach opisywał w nim narastanie niemieckiego terroru na okupowanych ziemiach polskich i apelował o moralne wsparcie: „Ostatnie tygodnie upływającego roku przyniosły z Polski nowe wstrząsające wiadomości. Terror, którego ofiarą stały się od lat czterech wszystkie warstwy i odłamy społeczeństwa polskiego, przybrał formy przerażające nie tylko wymyślnym okrucieństwem stosowanych metod, ale także rozległością zasięgu. Eksterminacja Żydów – a wśród nich wielu osób rasy semickiej, lecz wyznania chrześcijańskiego – okazała się pierwszą próbą stosowania systematycznie i niemal naukowo zorganizowanego mordu masowego”. Los polskich Żydów miał być zapowiedzią fizycznej eksterminacji narodu polskiego, czego dowodem miała być postępująca akcja wysiedleńcza na Zamojszczyźnie.
Życie i Zagłada w Hrubieszowie w oczach młodej warszawianki
Authors: Libionka Dariusz , Kopciowski Adam
Published: December 2020

This text deals with the situation of the Jewish population of Hrubieszów between autumn 1941 and the first deportation action in June 1942. The author of the testimony is a woman by the name Dychterman, who came to Hrubieszów from the Warsaw ghetto. During the “action” she managed to leave for Warsaw. This testimony was written two weeks later, i.e. in late June 1942 by staff members of Ringelblum’s Archive. It stands out among other testimonies from Hrubieszów in the Warsaw Ghetto Archives, as it is full of details and complex description.  It also contains an interesting description of the Jewish community in the town, the living conditions and its everyday life. It also contains data of the Judenrat members as well as observations on the Christian-Jewish relations (i.e. between Jews and Poles or Ukrainians). The second part of the testimony describes the first liquidation action in Hrubieszów, the extermination action and the reactions of the Judenrat and that of the population towards the resettlement. The fate of the author remains unknown. Most likely she died during the “Great Action” in the Warsaw ghetto. This account has been used by historians, but never previously published.
Zvi Kolitz, Josela Rakowera rozmowa z Bogiem. Opowiadanie
Authors: Polit `Monika
Published: December 2020

W jednej z ruin warszawskiego getta, pomiędzy stosami osmalonych kamieni i ludzkich kości, odnaleziono, ukryty i zamknięty w małej butelce, następujący testament, spisany przez Żyda imieniem Josel Rakower w ostatnich godzinach warszawskiego getta ...
Michał Borwicz, Apokryf pod tytułem Josl Rakower mówi do Boga
Authors: Borwicz Michał , Polit Monika
Published: December 2020

Michał Borwicz's text published in 1955 in “Almanach”, a Yiddish periodical, is the first serious historical and literary analysis, which proves that Josl Rakower Addresses God supposedly an authentic voice from the burning Warsaw ghetto, is apocryphal. It is also the first important, voice in a discussion regarding the need to clearly separate the hic et nunc Holocaust testimonies from literary texts on the Holocaust (written ex post).
Understanding the Holocaust. A Task for Generations
Authors: Leociak Jacek
Published: December 2020

The Holocaust destroyed virtually the entire Jewish community in Poland. Zusman Segałowicz, the pre-war chairman of the Jewish Union of Writers and Journalists of 13 Tłomackie Street, Warsaw, managed to leave Warsaw in 1939 and via Vilna, Kaunas, Bulgaria, Turkey, and Syria reached Palestine, where, under the beating Tel-Aviv sun, he pondered on the burning ruins of the ghetto. His memoirs, published in 1946 in Argentina (the author died in New York in 1949), contain the following passage: I pass conflagration sites. I dig in the ashes. For the time being, these are the ashes of 13 Tłomackie St. All that is left of the entire Jewish world in Poland is a cemetery. Sometimes our pain leads us to divide this great cemetery into individual, smaller cemeteries: the cemetery of the Hassidic world, the cemetery of Jewish workers, merchants, entrepreneurs and industrialists, the cemetery of Jewish children who were to be our future. Finally, our thoughts run toward the cemetery of the Jewish spirit: the theatre, music, art, journalism and literature. We cannot depart from any of these cemeteries, but, at the same time, we should not come too close, for it could drag one into its endless abyss. What are we to do then? Shout? The dead won't hear us, and the world of the living is more dead than the world of the dead.The Holocaust happened on our soil, in full view of Polish society, and it is an integral part – whether one wants it or not – of Polish history. For the Poles, the experience of the Holocaust remains a unique event and carries extraordinary responsibilities. Nevertheless, in terms of social awareness, the Shoah seems to belong to Jewish rather than to Polish history. Even today many Poles feel ill at ease, threatened or outright disappointed by the Jewish perceptions of the Holocaust and oftentimes the Jews are seen as rivals in the martyrology competition. Despite the recent historical research and public debates, culminating with the discussion around the Jedwabne crime, Polish society largely ignores the issues related to the Holocaust. Still too many myths and lies find their way to the public sphere and enter public circulation. This state of affairs is related, to a certain extent, to the sad legacy of decades of censorship and neglect under the communist rule. We believe that this should change. This is why we shall link research with educational activities in order to foster the knowledge of issues related to the Holocaust.
Texts Buried in Oblivion. Testimonies of Two Refugees from the Mass Grave at Poniatowa
Authors: Żbikowski Andrzej
Published: December 2020

This article contains an analysis and extensive quotations from accounts of two Jewish women, the only survivors of prisoners' execution at the Poniatowa compulsory labour camp. This execution was part of a large-scale operation to physically liquidate Jewish prisoners, the so-called “Operation Harvest” (Erntefest), carried out in the first week of November 1943 at the camps in Trawniki, Poniatowa and Majdanek (in Lublin). Both women survivors,. Due to a number of coincidences, managed to get to Warsaw and, helped by the “˚egota” – Council to Aid the Jews, lived to see the liberation. In this article I also analyse the circumstances of both accounts, reasons for withholding their publication as early as war time, and the importance , for our knowledge, not only of the executions, but also for the nature of complicated Polish–Jewish relations during World War II, because it was the Poles' help that the fate of escaped prisoners hinged upon.
Polish Partisan Formations during 1942–1944 in Jewish Testimonies
Authors: Bańkowska Aleksandra
Published: December 2020

This article aims to present the picture of Polish partisans in the accounts of Jewish survivors, based on materials from the Archive of the Jewish Historical Institute. This texts discusses the following Polish underground military formations: the Home Army, Peasants' Battalions, socialist armed groups, the National Armed Forces and the People's Guard /Army (GL/AL). In her discussion of pro-independence armed formations, the author emphasises. the feeling of danger still present in those accounts, fear of death even from the partisans. The accounts mention a number of murders as well as difficulties Jews encountered when they wanted to join partisan outfits, not to mention refusals of co-operation from Poles. Testimonies about GL/AL differ from previous ones by their “insider” perspective, as most of them come from Jews, GL partisans. Perhaps that is why they are dominated by a favourable picture of communist partisans, even though several accounts mention conflicts between the commanders and the Jewish GL partisan outfits
Anti-Jewish Incidents in the Lublin Region in the Early Years after World War II
Authors: Kopciowski Adam
Published: December 2020

In the early years following World War II, the Lublin region was one of the most important centres of Jewish life. At the same time, during 1944-1946 it was the scene of anti-Jewish incidents: from anti-Semitic propaganda, accusation of ritual murder, economic boycott, to cases of individual or collective murder. The wave of anti-Jewish that lasted until autumn of 1946 resulted in a lengthy and, no doubt incomplete, list of 118 murdered Jews. Escalating anti-Jewish violence in the immediate post-war years was one of the main factors, albeit not the only one, to affect the demography (mass emigration) and the socio-political condition of the Jewish population in the Lublin region
The Diary of Hinda and Chanina Malachi
Authors: Grabowski Jan , Balint Lea
Published: December 2020

This is a fragment of the diary of Hinda and Chanina Malachi, written in hiding on the “Aryan side” in Warsaw. The diary of the Malachi couple was written in Polish in a squared-paper arithmetic notebook. It covers the period between 9 October 1942 and 30 August 1944. The first part of the diary published here (until 3 August 1943), was written by Hinda and describes the fate of both spouses since they left their home in Ostrowiec and moved to Warsaw. Hinda and Chinina Malachi survived the war and in 1947 emigrated to Israel.
Against a Brick Wall. Interventions of Kazimierz Papee, the Polish Ambassador at the Holy See with Regard to German Crimes in Poland, November 1942–January 1943
Authors: Libionka Dariusz
Published: December 2020

On 2 January 1943, the president of the Republic of Poland, Władysław Raczkiewicz, sent a telegram to Pius XII via the Polish Embassy at the Holy See. In dramatic words he described the intensifying German terror in occupied Poland and appealed for moral support: “The last weeks of the previous year brought new shocking information from Poland. The terror that afflicted all strata and segments of Polish society has taken on terrifying forms, not only in the refined cruelty of methods applied, but also in its sheer scale. The extermination of the Jews, including many Christian Semites, turned out to be the first attempt at a systematic and veritably scientific mass murder.” The fate of Polish Jews was to herald the physical extermination of the Polish nation, as proved by the deportations from the Zamość region ...
Warsaw Jews Expelled from Switzerland to the General Government
Authors: Grabowski Jan , Engelking Barbara
Published: December 2020

After the defeat in the Polish-German war of 1939, many people made plans to escape from the territories occupied by the Germans. As a rule, people escaped to the East, and among “castaways”, travelling the “Eastern route”, the percentage of Jews was exceptionally high, for quite obvious reasons. Some managed to leave the Soviet Union for Sweden, Palestine or even Japan. This, however, is another story.
TÜRK VE İSVİÇRE MEDENİ KANUNLARINA GÖRE EŞLERİN BİRLİKTE EVLÂT EDİNMESİ KURALI
Authors: SADİOĞLU Fikriye Ceren
Published: December 2020

Modern hukuk sistemlerinde, aile hukuku düzenlemelerinde ve dolayısıyla evlât edinmeye ilişkin düzenlemelerde çocuğun yararının sağlanması ilkesine öncelik verilmektedir. Bununla birlikte farklı toplumsal, sosyal ve kültürel yapılara sahip ülkelerde, söz konusu ilkenin hukukî düzenlemelere yansıması değişiklik göstermektedir. Türk ve İsviçre Medenî Kanunlarının eşlerin birlikte evlât edinmesi kuralı bakımından birbirinden ayrılan yönleri, söz konusu farklı yansımanın örneklerindendir. Türk Medenî Kanunu’nda ve Türk aile hukukunun kaynağı olan İsviçre Medenî Kanunu’nda kural, eşlerin birlikte evlât edinmesidir. Birlikte evlât edinme, eşler için zorunluluk olmakla birlikte; sadece eşlere tanınmış bir haktır. Eşlerin birlikte evlât edinmesi zorunluluğunun temelinde, çocuğun yararı ilkesi yatmaktadır. Böylelikle çocuğun, ana ve babanın bulunduğu gerçek bir aile ortamına kavuşması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, eşlerin birlikte evlât edinmesi kuralının uygulanma koşulları, birlikte evlât edinmenin özel bir türü olan üvey çocuğun evlât edinilmesi ve birlikte evlât edinmenin istisnası, Türk Medenî Kanunu ile İsviçre Medenî Kanunu’na göre karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir.
Quality of Governance at the Communal Level in Poland: an Exploratory Study of the Worst Performer Case From the Opolskie Province
Authors: Czepil Bartosz
Published: December 2020

The objective of this paper is an attempt to explain the determinants of the lowest governance quality level in one of the communes of the Opolskie Province, Poland. The first stage of the research consisted in developing a commune-level governance quality index in order to measure the quality of governance in the 60 communes of the Opolskie Province. Subsequently, the commune with the lowest score in the index was qualified for the second stage of the research which was based on the extreme case method. The major conclusion from the research is that the commune leader's governance style which allowed him to hold on to power for many terms of office was responsible for generating low governance quality. Furthermore, the low quality of governance was not only the effect of the governance style but also the strategy aimed at remaining in the commune leader office for many terms.
Building an Agile Government: Its Possibilities, Challenges, and New Tasks
Authors: Hong Kil Pyo , Kim Pan Suk
Published: December 2020

Although “agility” is a popular term today, an understanding of its meaning and key components is lacking. The term “agile government” has been increasingly used in various studies and reports but remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to review agile government studies, overcome the various new challenges against such trends, and identify possibilities of building an effective agile government. First, business agility studies and agile development methods are reviewed, followed by an overview of agile government studies and an evaluation of the present and future uses for agile governments. Finally, this paper identifies various challenges and suggests new tasks toward a more agile government based on the reviews.
The Use of Social Media in Public Administration: the Case of Slovakian Local Self-government
Authors: Mitaľ Ondrej
Published: December 2020

Regarding constantly growing importance of information technologies public organizations try to find optimal solution, which might help to increase the qualitative aspects of relationship between governments and citizens. Experts argue that social media usage have potential to foster participation and engagement of the public. The aim of study is to analyse Facebook profiles of selected Slovakian cities, focusing on the general features of social network usage, content and the purpose of posts published over a four-year period. Besides, the article tries to be theoretical and practical insight to application of social media in public administration. The main finding is based on statement that analysed official Facebook pages mostly include informational posts while calling for opinion and calling for participation represent significantly lower part of total posts. Simultaneously, positive impacts of social media usage have been identified both for public organizations and wider public. Simultaneously, the benefit of the article is associated with fostering an interest in examined issues of social media usage, which we hope might improve the quality of social media strategies and benchlearning processes in other Slovakian cities and hopefully other local self-government units in the European territory. Finally, various limits and perspectives of social media use are discussed in the final part of the article, specially of ideals of democracy, cybersecurity, policymaking, as well as participation and engagement of citizens.
Max Weber (1864-1920) and Public Administration Today
Authors: Drechsler Wolfgang
Published: December 2020

Max Weber passed away on 14 June 1920 at the early age of 56, from consequences of the last pandemic – the Spanish Flu (Kaesler 2014, 15-16). During the last 100 years, Weber’s positionas one of the world’s great economists, sociologists, social science theorists, and public administration scholars has been secure (see Whimster 2004), if with ups and downs. Weber’seminence is probably the least contested in the last field – not uncontested, for sure, as eminence must attract criticism. Ups and downs yes, but Weber remains central. At a minimum, we may say that he is the most important public administration thinker of his time, even of modern public administration. One can think with or against Weber in public administration, but by and large, not really without him. We therefore decided that it was not only fitting, but even necessary, to include a short tribute to him in a Halduskultuur issue this year, a fortioriseeing that this journal has carried several studies of Max Weber, Weberianism, and the Neo-Weberian State (e.g. Samier 2005; Drechsler 2005; 2009; Kostakis 2011), and indeed, that the concept of Administrative Culture is particularly Weberian.
Assistência de enfermagem à criança com autismo
Authors: Nunes Anny Kelyne Araújo , Sousa Francisco das Chagas Araújo , Silva Francisco Laurdindo da , Silva Wenderson Costa da , Hernandes Linccon Fricks , Silva Maria Gabrielle Sobral da , Silva Pedro Gabriel Sobral da , Pereira Thalia Jeovana da Silva , Silva Lisianne Natália Santos , Silva Eduardo Brito da
Published: December 2020

O Transtorno de Espectro Autismo (TEA) é a nomenclatura utilizada para englobar diferentes síndromes marcadas por característica comuns. Abordar crianças com TEA exige do profissional de saúde habilidades, conhecimento e estratégia de cuidado individualizado. O trabalho teve como objetivo descrever aspectos relacionados à assistência de enfermagem à criança com autismo. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura. Os artigos foram obtidos mediante a utilização dos seguintes bases de dados:  PUBMED da National Library of Medicine, BVS (Biblioteca virtual da saúde), CINAHL (Cumulatetive Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) e Scielo (Scientific Eletronic Library OnLine). Utilizou-se os estudos disponíveis em sua totalidade, publicados nos anos de 2015 até 2020, os idiomas português e inglês. Selecionou-se 12 artigos para a execução da pesquisa, todos versavam sobre intervenções primárias na detecção precoce do transtorno do espectro autista, como a atenção para sinais e sintomas comuns do transtorno, a ausência ou redução do contato visual, baixo interesse nas pessoas, movimentos estereotipados e dificuldade ou ausência da fala; até cuidados após o diagnóstico, os quais incluem estimular a criança em busca da autonomia por meio do processo de enfermagem e praticando a objetividade durante o cuidado e a comunicação com essa criança. Portanto, fatores ambientais e genéticos estão relacionados com a fisiopatologia do distúrbio, bem como os antipsicóticos, a medicina complementar alternativa são eficazes no controle das manifestações clinicas apresentadas pelo autista e os cuidados de enfermagem são fundamentais no acompanhamento do paciente.