bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dai Identity in the Chinese Ecological Civilization: Negotiating Culture, Environment, and Development in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China
Authors: Zeng Lily
Published: November 2019

The Ecological Civilization (Eco-Civilization) is a Chinese political framework to advance a renewed human–nature relationship that engenders a sustainable form of economic development, and its narratives provide political impetus to conserve ethnic minority cultures whose traditional practices are aligned with state-sanctioned efforts for environmental protection. This official rhetoric is important in Xishuangbanna, a prefecture in Yunnan province renowned for its lush tropical rainforests and Dai ethnic minority. This article explores the relationship between Dai cultural identity and the Chinese state in the context of environmental concerns and development goals. Historical analyses of ethnic policies and transformations of landscapes and livelihoods are presented alongside descriptions of contemporary efforts by Dai community members and the Chinese state to enact Eco-Civilization directives, and they illustrate paradoxical circumstances in which political rhetoric and practice are seemingly at odds with one another, yet often contradict in such ways so as to further the Chinese state agenda. Moreover, case studies demonstrate how new policies and sustainable development efforts have often perpetuated structures and ideologies of the Maoist era to reinforce inequalities between central state powers and already marginalized ethnic minorities. These dynamics warrant further consideration as the Chinese government continues to champion its leadership in environmental governance.
Consumer Willingness and Acceptance of Smart Meters in Indonesia
Authors: Chawla Yash , Kowalska-Pyzalska Anna , Widayat Widayat
Published: November 2019

Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world and is currently facing some challenges, such as pollution and a growing energy demand. One of the solutions to these problems is upgrading the electricity transmission and distribution system to avoid losses of energy, and encourage consumer engagement in energy saving as well as energy generation. The government of Indonesia has initiated projects for smart grids and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), but consumer awareness and willingness to accept these new technologies is still uncertain. This study focused on analyzing consumers’ knowledge and willingness to accept one of the key components in grid modernization, being smart meters (SM). An online questionnaire was used to record responses from 518 social media users from different parts of Indonesia. The analysis shows that, among social media users who are seen as early adopters of technology, there is certainly a lack of awareness about SM, but they are largely open towards the acceptance of SM. Based on the findings, we have also drawn recommendations for energy companies, which would help in raising consumer awareness, as well as acceptance of SM in Indonesia.
The High-Performance Airborne Imaging Spectrometer HyPlant—From Raw Images to Top-of-Canopy Reflectance and Fluorescence Products: Introduction of an Automatized Processing Chain
Authors: Siegmann Bastian , Alonso Luis , Celesti Marco , Cogliati Sergio , Colombo Roberto , Damm Alexander , Douglas Sarah , Guanter Luis , Hanuš Jan , Kataja Kari , Kraska Thorsten , Matveeva Maria , Moreno Jóse , Muller Onno , Pikl Miroslav , Pinto Francisco , Quirós Vargas Juan , Rademske Patrick , Rodriguez-Morene Fernando , Sabater Neus , Schickling Anke , Schüttemeyer Dirk , Zemek František , Rascher Uwe
Published: November 2019

The HyPlant imaging spectrometer is a high-performance airborne instrument consisting of two sensor modules. The DUAL module records hyperspectral data in the spectral range from 400–2500 nm, which is useful to derive biochemical and structural plant properties. In parallel, the FLUO module acquires data in the red and near infrared range (670–780 nm), with a distinctly higher spectral sampling interval and finer spectral resolution. The technical specifications of HyPlant FLUO allow for the retrieval of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF), a small signal emitted by plants, which is directly linked to their photosynthetic efficiency. The combined use of both HyPlant modules opens up new opportunities in plant science. The processing of HyPlant image data, however, is a rather complex procedure, and, especially for the FLUO module, a precise characterization and calibration of the sensor is of utmost importance. The presented study gives an overview of this unique high-performance imaging spectrometer, introduces an automatized processing chain, and gives an overview of the different processing steps that must be executed to generate the final products, namely top of canopy (TOC) radiance, TOC reflectance, reflectance indices and SIF maps.
Improving the RST-OIL Algorithm for Oil Spill Detection under Severe Sun Glint Conditions
Authors: Satriano Valeria , Ciancia Emanuele , Lacava Teodosio , Pergola Nicola , Tramutoli Valerio
Published: November 2019

In recent years, the risk related to oil spill accidents has significantly increased due to a global growth in offshore extraction and oil maritime transport. To ensure sea safety, the implementation of a monitoring system able to provide real-time coverage of large areas and a timely alarm in case of accidents is of major importance. Satellite remote sensing, thanks to its inherent peculiarities, has become an essential component in such a system. Recently, the general Robust Satellite Technique (RST) approach has been successfully applied to oil spill detection (RST-OIL) using optical band satellite data. In this paper, an advanced configuration of RST-OIL is presented, and we aim to extend its applicability to a larger set of observation conditions, referring, in particular, to those in the presence of severe sun glint effects that generate some detection limits to the RST-OIL standard algorithm. To test such a configuration, the DeepWater Horizon platform accident from April 2010 was selected as a test case. We analyzed a time series of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images that are usually significantly affected by sun glint in the Gulf of Mexico area. The accuracy of the achieved results was evaluated for comparison with a well-established satellite methodology based on microwave data, which confirms the potential of the proposed approach in identifying the oil presence on the scene with good accuracy and reliability, even in these severe conditions.
Coseismic Slip Distribution of the 2019 Mw 7.5 New Ireland Earthquake from the Integration of Multiple Remote Sensing Techniques
Authors: Song Chuang , Yu Chen , Li Zhenhong , Li Yongsheng , Xiao Ruya
Published: November 2019

The 2019 Mw 7.5 New Ireland earthquake occurred at an equatorial area where the dense vegetation prevents remote sensing techniques such as C- or X-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) from acquiring coherent phase measurements. Therefore, in this paper, multiple remote sensing techniques including the L-band interferometric SAR, the range and azimuth offset tracking of SAR intensities, and the offset tracking of optical images were employed to map its co-seismic deformation field and to determine the slip distribution. The surface rupture was clearly and consistently captured by all offset observations, with the ground fault trace striking at an angel of 315° and extending over 10 km. An iterative weighting strategy based on the residual root mean square of inversions using individual datasets was developed to determine the relative weight of each dataset, allowing for the joint inversion of the fault geometry, the refinement of the dip angle, and the determination of the best fitting slip distribution. The resultant model indicates a nearly left-lateral strike-slip motion on the Weitin fault that ruptured to the surface with a maximum slip of 6.10 m, occurring at a depth of ~10 km, and a geodetic moment release of 1.03 × 1020 Nm, corresponding to a magnitude of Mw 7.31. The distribution of aftershocks shows about 70% of aftershocks were located in the area with increased Coulomb failure stress and few aftershocks in the subduction zone to the south of the Weitin fault were triggered by this event.
Multispectral Image Segmentation Based on a Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm Combined with Tsallis Entropy and a Gaussian Mixture Model
Authors: Xu Yan , Chen Ruizhi , Li Yu , Zhang Peng , Yang Jie , Zhao Xuemei , Liu Mengyun , Wu Dewen
Published: November 2019

Accurate multispectral image segmentation is essential in remote sensing research. Traditional fuzzy clustering algorithms used to segment multispectral images have several disadvantages, including: (1) they usually only consider the pixels’ grayscale information and ignore the interaction between pixels; and, (2) they are sensitive to noise and outliers. To overcome these constraints, this study proposes a multispectral image segmentation algorithm based on fuzzy clustering combined with the Tsallis entropy and Gaussian mixture model. The algorithm uses the fuzzy Tsallis entropy as regularization item for fuzzy C-means (FCM) and improves dissimilarity measure using the negative logarithm of the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). The Hidden Markov Random Field (HMRF) is introduced to define prior probability of neighborhood relationship, which is used as weights of the Gaussian components. The Lagrange multiplier method is used to solve the segmentation model. To evaluate the proposed segmentation algorithm, simulated and real multispectral images were segmented using the proposed algorithm and two other algorithms for comparison (i.e., Tsallis Fuzzy C-means (TFCM), Kullback–Leibler Gaussian Fuzzy C-means (KLG-FCM)). The study found that the modified algorithm can accelerate the convergence speed, reduce the effect of noise and outliers, and accurately segment simulated images with small gray level differences with an overall accuracy of more than 98.2%. Therefore, the algorithm can be used as a feasible and effective alternative in multispectral image segmentation, particularly for those with small color differences.
Navigating Input and Output Legitimacy in Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives: Institutional Stewards at Work
Authors: Kruuse Mikkel , Reming Tangbæk Kasper , Jespersen Kristjan , Gallemore Caleb
Published: November 2019

Multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) are a form of private governance sometimes used to manage the social and environmental impacts of supply chains. We argue that there is a potential tension between input and output legitimacy in MSIs. Input legitimacy requires facilitating representation from a wide range of organizations with heterogeneous interests. This work, however, faces collective action problems that could lead to limited ambitions, lowering output legitimacy. We find that, under the right conditions a relatively small group of motivated actors, who we call institutional stewards, may be willing to undertake the cost and labor of building and maintaining the MSI. This can help reconcile the tension between input and output legitimacy in a formal sense, though it also results in inequalities in power. We test this claim using a case study of organizations’ activities in the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). We find that a small group of founding members—and other members of long tenure—account for a disproportionate level of activity in the organization.
Urban Shape and Built Density Metrics through the Analysis of European Urban Fabrics Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Abarca-Alvarez Francisco Javier , Campos-Sánchez Francisco Sergio , Osuna-Pérez Fernando
Published: November 2019

In recent decades, the concept of urban density has been considered key to the creation of sustainable urban fabrics. However, when it comes to measuring the built density, a difficulty has been observed in defining valid measurement indicators universally. With the intention of identifying the variables that allow the best characterization of the shape of urban fabrics and of obtaining the metrics of their density, a multi-variable analysis methodology from the field of artificial intelligence is proposed. The main objective of this paper was to evaluate the capacity and interest of such a methodology from standard indicators of the built density, measured at various urban scales, (i) to cluster differentiated urban profiles in a robust way by assessing the results statistically, and (ii) to obtain the metrics that characterize them with an identity. As a case study, this methodology was applied to the state of the art European urban fabrics (N = 117) by simultaneously integrating 13 regular parameters to qualify urban shape and density. It was verified that the profiles obtained were more robust than those based on a limited number of indicators, evidencing that the proposed methodology offers operational opportunities in urban management by allowing the comparison of a fabric with the identified profiles.
Policy Mixes as a Strategy to Provide More Effective Social and Environmental Benefits: Evidence from Six Rural Areas in Europe
Authors: Mantino Francesco , Vanni Francesco
Published: November 2019

At the EU level, agricultural and rural development policies are increasingly oriented and targeted to the provision of public goods associated with farming. While most analysis focuses on the efficiency and effectiveness of specific types of interventions, this paper aims at exploring the role of policy mixes in stimulating the provision of environmental and social benefits (ESBs) associated with agriculture. The role of policy mixes in determining the provision of ESBs to farming is a complex matter, since different types of policies may have synergistic, overlapping and/or contrasting effects. On the basis of a comparative analysis of six case studies in different European countries, the analysis shows interesting solutions already being experimented with in the field by local actors working together through some form of cooperative action, highlighting how public intervention is often a combination of different policy instruments that may vary according to the type of socio-economic and institutional settings as well as according to the type of ESB targeted. The effectiveness of policy mixes depends not only on the design and implementation phases, but also on new governance arrangements stimulating alternative mechanisms of public goods provision, including market mechanisms and collective action.
Performance and Economic Evaluation of Solar Rooftop Systems in Different Regions of Thailand
Authors: Yoomak Suntiti , Patcharoen Theerasak , Ngaopitakkul Atthapol
Published: November 2019

Solar rooftop systems in the residential sector have been rapidly increased in the term of installed capacity. There are various factors, such as climate, temperature, and solar radiation, that have effects on solar power generation efficiency. This paper presents a performance assessment of a solar system installed on the rooftop of residence in different regions of Thailand by using PSIM simulation. Solar rooftop installation comparison in different regions is carried out to evaluate the suitable location. In addition, three types of solar panels are used in research: monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film. The electrical parameters of real power and energy generated from the systems are investigated and analyzed. Furthermore, the economic evaluation of different solar rooftop system sizes using the monocrystalline module is investigated by using economic indicators of discounted payback period (DPP), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and profitability index (PI). Results show that the central region of Thailand is a suitable place for installing solar rooftop in terms of solar radiation, and the temperature has more solar power generation capacity than the other regions. The monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panels can generate maximum power close to each other. All solar rooftop sizes with the Feed-in Tariff (FiT) scheme give the same DPP of 6.1 years, IRR of 15%, and PI of 2.57 which are better than the cases without the FiT scheme. However, a large-scale installation of solar rooftop systems can receive more electrical energy produced from the solar rooftop systems. As a result, the larger solar rooftop system sizes can achieve better economic satisfaction.
Simultaneous Denitrification and Bio-Methanol Production for Sustainable Operation of Biogas Plants
Authors: Kim I-Tae
Published: November 2019

This study was conducted to secure the sustainability of biogas plants for generating resources from food waste (FW) leachates, which are prohibited from marine dumping and have been obligated to be completely treated on land since 2013 in South Korea. The aim of this study is to reduce the nitrogen load of the treatment process while producing bio-methanol using digested FW leachate diverted into wastewater treatment plants. By using biogas in conditions where methylobacter (M. marinus 88.2%) with strong tolerance to highly chlorinated FW leachate dominated, 3.82 mM of methanol production and 56.1% of total nitrogen (TN) removal were possible. Therefore, the proposed method can contribute to improving the treatment efficiency by accommodating twice the current carried-in FW leachate amount based on TN or by significantly reducing the nitrogen load in the subsequent wastewater treatment process. Moreover, the produced methanol can be an effective alternative for carbon source supply for denitrification in the subsequent process.
A Linear Programming Model with Fuzzy Arc for Route Optimization in the Urban Road Network
Authors: Escobar-Gómez Elías , Camas-Anzueto J.L. , Velázquez-Trujillo Sabino , Hernández-de-León Héctor , Grajales-Coutiño Rubén , Chandomí-Castellanos Eduardo , Guerra-Crespo Héctor
Published: November 2019

In the transport system, it is necessary to optimize routes to ensure that the distance, the amount of fuel used, and travel times are minimized. A classical problem in network optimization is the shortest path problem (SPP), which is used widely in many optimization problems. However, the uncertainty that exists regarding real network problems makes it difficult to determine the exact arc lengths. In this study, we analyzed the problem of route optimization when delivering urban road network products while using fuzzy logic to include factors which are difficult to consider in classical models (e.g., traffic). Our approach consisted of two phases. In the first phase, we calculated a fuzzy coefficient to consider the uncertainty, and in the second phase, we used fuzzy linear programming to compute the optimal route. This approach was applied to a real network problem (a portion of the distribution area of a delivery company in the city of Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico) by comparing the travel times between the proposed model and a classical model. The proposed model was shown to predict travel time better than the classical model in this study, reducing the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) by 25.60%.
Improving the Strategic Management of Investment Activities of Industrial Enterprises as a Factor for Sustainable Development in a Crisis
Authors: Zhuravlyov Vladimir , Khudyakova Tatyana , Varkova Natalia , Aliukov Sergei , Shmidt Svetlana
Published: November 2019

This article discusses the problem of improving the strategic management of sustainable development in industrial enterprises in Russia. The shortcomings of the strategic management of industrial enterprises are due to the fall in the growth rates of the world and domestic economy, international sanctions, and the specifics of the development of socio-economic relations in the Russian Federation. The main problem of the research is related to the imperfection of the strategic management of the investment policy of the enterprise, which leads to a slowdown in the development of the company and a decrease in competitiveness. The main goal of the presented research is to develop proposals for improving the strategic management model for the development and implementation of investment strategies of an industrial enterprise. Based on the analysis of theoretical sources, gaps in research related to the topic and objectives of this work are highlighted. The methodological base of the research is determined, the basis of which are: system theory, systematic approach to managing a company’s sustainable development, theory and practice of modeling, strategic management, investment design. The improved model is proposed, which determines the interdependence of the strategic management of investment policy and the sustainable economic development of the company, presents the algorithm for managing the process of developing investment strategies in an industrial enterprise. This mechanism takes into account the main indicators of sustainable development of an industrial enterprise. There are proposals to improve the management model of insurance reserves of the company, reflecting the strategic aspects of investment activities necessary for the successful implementation of the course on sustainable development in an industrial company. The obtained results were tested by a number of Russian enterprises, which led to positive results of their activities, contributed to more sustainable development and strengthening of competitive positions.
Comparative Sequence Analysis of TRI1 of Fusarium
Authors: Ramdass Amanda C. , Villafana Ria T. , Rampersad Sephra N.
Published: November 2019

Trichothecene mycotoxins are a class of secondary metabolites produced by multiple genera of fungi, including certain plant pathogenic Fusarium species. Functional variation in the TRI1 gene produces a novel Type A trichothecene called NX-2 in strains of F. graminearum. Using a bioinformatics approach, a systematic analysis of 52 translated TRI1 sequences of Fusarium species, including five F. graminearum NX-2 producers and four F. graminearum non-NX-2 producers, was conducted to explain the functional difference of TRI1p of FGNX-2. An assessment of several signature motifs of fungal P450s revealed amino acid substitutions in addition to the post-translational N-X-S/T sequons motif, which is indicative of N-linked glycosylation of this TRI1-encoded protein characteristic of NX-2 producers. There was evidence of selection bias, where TRI1 gene sequences were found to be under positive selection and, therefore, under functional constraints. The cumulative amino acid changes in the TRI1p sequences were reflected in the phylogenetic analyses which revealed species-specific clustering with a distinct separation of FGNX-2 from FG-non-NX-2 producers with high bootstrap support. Together, our findings provide insight into the amino acid sequence features responsible for the functional diversification of this TRI1p.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA5oct Jumbo Phage Impacts Planktonic and Biofilm Population and Reduces Its Host Virulence
Authors: Olszak Tomasz , Danis-Wlodarczyk Katarzyna , Arabski Michal , Gula Grzegorz , Maciejewska Barbara , Wasik Slawomir , Lood Cédric , Higgins Gerard , Harvey Brian J. , Lavigne Rob , Drulis-Kawa Zuzanna
Published: November 2019

The emergence of phage-resistant mutants is a key aspect of lytic phages-bacteria interaction and the main driver for the co-evolution between both organisms. Here, we analyze the impact of PA5oct jumbo phage treatment on planktonic/cell line associated and sessile P. aeruginosa population. Besides its broad-spectrum activity and efficient bacteria reduction in both airway surface liquid (ASL) model, and biofilm matrix degradation, PA5oct appears to persist in most of phage-resistant clones. Indeed, a high percentage of resistance (20/30 clones) to PA5oct is accompanied by the presence of phage DNA within bacterial culture. Moreover, the maintenance of this phage in the bacterial population correlates with reduced P. aeruginosa virulence, coupled with a sensitization to innate immune mechanisms, and a significantly reduced growth rate. We observed rather unusual consequences of PA5oct infection causing an increased inflammatory response of monocytes to P. aeruginosa. This phenomenon, combined with the loss or modification of the phage receptor, makes most of the phage-resistant clones significantly less pathogenic in in vivo model. These findings provide new insights into the general knowledge of giant phages biology and the impact of their application in phage therapy.
Influenza H1 Mosaic Hemagglutinin Vaccine Induces Broad Immunity and Protection in Mice
Authors: Corder Brigette N. , Bullard Brianna L. , DeBeauchamp Jennifer L. , Ilyushina Natalia A. , Webby Richard J. , Weaver Eric A.
Published: November 2019

Annually, influenza A virus (IAV) infects ~5–10% of adults and 20–30% of children worldwide. The primary resource to protect against infection is by vaccination. However, vaccination only induces strain-specific and transient immunity. Vaccine strategies that induce cross-protective immunity against the broad diversity of IAV are needed. Here we developed and tested a novel mosaic H1 HA immunogen. The mosaic immunogen was optimized in silico to include the most potential B and T cell epitopes (PBTE) across a diverse population of human H1 IAV. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the mosaic HA localizes towards the non-pandemic 2009 strains which encompasses the broadest diversity in the H1 IAV population. We compared the mosaic H1 immunogen to wild-type HA immunogens and the commercial inactivated influenza vaccine, Fluzone. When analyzed by ELISA, the mosaic immunogen induced stronger antibody responses against all four diverse H1 HA proteins. When analyzing T cell responses, again the mosaic immunogen induced stronger cellular immunity against all 4 diverse HA strains. Not only was the magnitude of T cell responses strongest in mosaic immunized mice, the number of epitopes recognized was also greater. The mosaic vaccinated mice showed strong cross-protection against challenges with three divergent IAV strains. These data show that the mosaic immunogen induces strong cross-protective immunity and should be investigated further as a universal influenza vaccine.
Dynamics of Cyanobacteria and Related Environmental Drivers in Freshwater Bodies Affected by Mitten Crab Culturing: A Study of Lake Guchenghu, China
Authors: Li Hongmin , Chen Huihui , Gu Xiaohong , Mao Zhigang , Zeng Qingfei , Ding Huiping
Published: November 2019

Mitten crab aquaculture is prevalent in China, however, knowledge about the threat of cyanobacteria in mitten crab aquaculture-impacted water bodies is limited. Here, seasonal variations of cyanobacteria and their relationships with environmental factors were investigated for Lake Guchenghu area. Results suggested the changes of cyanobacteria community in crab ponds distinguished from the adjacent lake. In the lake, cyanobacterial biomass (3.86 mg/L, 34.6% of the total phytoplankton) was the highest in autumn with the dominance of Oscillatoria, Aphanocapsa and Pesudanabaena. By contrast, in crab ponds, cyanobacteria (46.80 mg/L, 97.2% of the total phytoplankton biomass) were the most abundant in summer when Pesudanabaena and Raphidiopsis were the dominant species. Of particular note was that obviously higher abundance of filamentous and potentially harmful species (e.g., Raphidiopsis raciborskii and Dolichospermum circinale) were observed in ponds compared to the lake. Specifically, water depth (WD), permanganate index (CODMn), total phosphorus (TP), N:P ratio, and NO 2 −-N were the key environmental variables affected cyanobacteria composition. For crab ponds, N:P ratio, water temperature (WT) and TP were the potential environmental drivers of cyanobacteria development. This study highlighted the fact that mitten crab culture had non-negligible influences on the cyanobacteria community and additional attention should be paid to the cyanobacteria dynamics in mitten crab culture-impacted water bodies, especially for those potentially harmful species.
To Implement A Clear-Water Supply System for Fine-Sediment Experiment in Laboratories
Authors: Yuan Qiang , Zhang Man , Zhou Jianjun
Published: November 2019

Fine sediment transport is currently attracting increasing attentions owing to its importance in the dynamics of sediment-contaminant interaction in the fluvial environment downstream of dams, which calls for more detailed and accurate flume experiments. However, because of inaccurate loading and undesired recirculation of fine sediment in the usual short laboratory flumes, such experiments are often unrepeatable and unreliable. In this technical note, we propose a new sediment feeder, to load dry sediment sample at the inlet, and a pressurized sediment filter, to screen the sediment out at the outlet, to implement a clear-water supply system for the flumes. It can improve fine sediment experiments not only by accurate loading but also through preventing undesired sediment recirculation, which can interfere and even modify the designated upstream input conditions. These devices have been constructed and tested, shown to be practical, simple and effective. Using them together can also provide a way to reclaim all the samples of experimental sediment that are of crucial importance for repeat and multiple tests for different contamination with a given sediment without losing the prescribed composition and other properties. This implementation is especially suitable for simulating fine particle affinity contaminant transport in fluvial turbulent flows in low sediment concentrations.
Wastewater Management in Citrus Processing Industries: An Overview of Advantages and Limits
Authors: Zema Demetrio Antonio , Calabro Paolo Salvatore , Folino Adele , Tamburino Vincenzo , Zappia Giovanni , Zimbone Santo Marcello
Published: November 2019

Citrus-processing industries produce large volumes of wastewater (CPWW). The large variability of these volumes coupled to physicochemical characteristics of CPWW determine severe constraints for their disposal due to both economic and environmental factors. To minimize the management costs and prevent the negative ecological impacts of CPWW, several systems have been proposed and adopted. However, all these treatment/valorization routes have many issues that are not yet thoroughly known by the scientific community and stakeholders of the citrus-processing chain. This paper reports an overview of the possible treatment/valorization opportunities for CPWW: intensive biological treatment, lagooning, direct land application, energy conversion, and biorefinery uses for the extraction of added-value compounds. Advantages and constraints are presented and discussed, and the following conclusions are achieved: (i) there is not a unique solution for CPWW treatment, since the best management system of CPWW must be chosen case by case, taking into account the quality/quantity of the effluent and the location of the transformation industry; (ii) the adoption of a biorefinery approach can increase the competitiveness and the further development of the whole citrus sector, but the cost of novel technologies (some of which have not been tested at real scale) still limits their development.
Correction: Eldrup, M.R., et al. Stability of Rubble Mound Breakwaters—A Study of the Notional Permeability Factor, based on Physical Model Tests. Water 2019, 11, 934
Authors: Eldrup Mads Røge , Andersen Thomas Lykke , Burcharth Hans Falk
Published: November 2019

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]
SISTEM DAN PRAKTEK PEMBIAYAAN BAGI HASIL PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Sylvia Husnul Khotimah
Published: November 2019

Perbankan syariah muncul karena praktek perbankan konvensional, yang didasarkan pada tingkat suku bunga yang dianggap sebagai riba yang tidak memberikan keadilan kepada rakyat dan hanya memberikan manfaat bagi bank sendiri.Oleh karena itu, perbankan syariah muncul untuk menawarkan profit and loss sharing. Dalam pelaksanaan keuntungan sistem pembiayaan berbagi dalam bank syariah menggunakan mudharabah dan musyarakah. Mudharabah diartikan sebagai kerjasama antara bank dan nasabah di mana modal (100%) dimiliki bank, sementara kontrak musyarakah didefinisikan sebagai suatu kemitraan antara dua pihak di mana masing-masing pihak memberikan kontribusi dana. Dalam prakteknya bank dan pelanggan sama akan mendapatkan keuntungan dari usahanya. Dalam rangka untuk memperoleh pembiayaan bagi hasil di bank syariah, maka pelanggan harus memenuhi prosedur yang ditentukan oleh bank.
Penggunaan Giongo dalam Webtoon Ikemen Sugite
Authors: Oktarina Diana Rizki
Published: November 2019

Abstract :

The aim of this study is to understand the use of one part of the Japanese onomatopoeia, namely giongo consisting of giseigo, a word that shows the sounds of living things, and giongo, a word that shows the sound of inanimate objects, which is found in 15 chapters of Webtoon’s Ikemen Sugite (Nayameru Otoko no Nichijyou). By using pragmatic studies, especially in the context of the use of words, it can be seen that the results of this study indicate that there are 10 words included in giseigo, and 10 words included in giongo. The high frequency of using giongo in this webtoon shows that giongo is one type of onomatopoeia that is widely used in Japanese, is also a word that represents the emotions of speakers in a written work or conversation so that it is necessary to learn by Japanese learners.

 

Keywords: Onomatopoeia, Giongo, Giseigo Vocabulary, Webtoon

 

Abstrak :

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui salah satu bagian dari onomatope Bahasa Jepang, yaitu giongo, yang terdiri dari giseigo, kata yang menunjukkan suara makhluk hidup, dan giongo, kata yang menunjukkan benda mati, yang terdapat dalam 15 chapter Webtoon Ikemen Suite (Nayameru Otoko No Nichijyou). Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian pragmatik, khususnya konteks penggunaan kata, dan berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan terdapat 10 kata giseigo, dan 10 kata giongo. Tingginya frekuensi penggunaan giongo dalam webtoon ini menunjukkan bahwa giongo adalah salah satu onomatope yang banyak digunakan dalam bahasa Jepang, dan juga merupakan kata yang mewakili emosi penutur dalam karya tulis ataupun percakapan sehingga perlu dipelajari oleh pembelajar bahasa Jepang.

 

Kata Kunci: Onomatope, Giongo, Giseigo, Kosa kata, Webtoon
Retrato dos crimes da escravidão no Brasil
Authors: Silva Meire Oliveira
Published: November 2019

A partir do relato de um assassinato, Eliana Alves Cruz descreve o papel do cais do Valongo como a entrada de cerca de um milhão de escravizados africanos no Brasil, entre os anos de 1811 a 1831, tornando-se palco do que foi um dos períodos mais trágicos da história nacional que assistiu, ainda em 2018, aos 130 anos do final da prática escravocrata, com a Lei Áurea que, apesar de oficial instrumento de libertação, mantém a escravidão arraigada estruturalmente na sociedade brasileira.
A Educação musical inclusiva no Brasil
Authors: Souza Leticia Caroline , Sampaio Renato Tocantins
Published: November 2019

Este estudo apresenta uma revisão sistemática de literatura sobre Educação Musical Inclusiva, na língua portuguesa, que apresente como as aulas de música inclusivas são realizadas em escolas especializadas de música e no ensino regular. Em busca em diversas bases de dados, foram encontrados 3.867 resultados, sendo que apenas 16 se adequaram ao tema e critério propostos. Observou-se a presença de propostas de educação musical inclusiva em várias regiões do Brasil, mas ainda há uma grande defasagem em termos de formação de professores e de propostas pe- dagógico-musicais adequadas.
La préparation d’un supplément au Recueil des inscriptions en linéaire A. Observations à partir d’un travail en cours
Authors: Freo Maurizio Del , Zurbach Julien
Published: November 2019

La préparation d’un supplément au Recueil des inscriptions en linéaire A de L. Godart et J.-P. Olivier, qui rassemblera les inscriptions publiées après 1985, permet de présenter les caractéristiques de ce corpus sous un angle nouveau. On prend ici la mesure des évolutions survenues dans la datation, la répartition et les équilibres entre différents supports et types d’inscriptions.
Hérodès fils de Samos et sa famille. Autour d’une inscription funéraire en remploi dans la basilique Nord du site d’Hagios Vassileios (Thasos)
Authors: Fournier Julien , Dadaki Stavroula
Published: November 2019

Herodes son of Samos and his family. About a funerary inscription reused in the northern basilica at the site of Hagios Vassileios (Thasos).

Among the significant finds at the site of Hagios Vassileios, to the west of the ancient city of Thasos, is the base of an ambon which belongs to northern most paleochristian basilica brought to light in this area. In an older phase, the block belonged to an inscribed funerary monument : five names, among which three are male and two female, were engraved on its main face. All these names appear in other Thasian inscriptions of Roman times : they belong to an important local family, in which the names Herodes son of Samos and Samos son of Herodes seem to have alternated from generation to generation. The confrontation of these documents allows a reconstruction of the stemma of the family as well as the study of its integration into the upper class of Thasian society.
La circulation de la céramique à Thasos. Nouvelles perspectives commerciales à l’époque impériale
Authors: Gros Jean-Sebastien
Published: November 2019

L’étude repose sur un important corpus céramique du Ier s. av. J.-C. à la fin du IIIe s. apr. J.-C. provenant des fouilles de l’EFA à Thasos. Les analyses quantitatives mais aussi qualitatives et leur contextualisation chronologique et géographique permettent de poser un regard nouveau sur les réseaux d’approvisionnement à Thasos. Le faciès des amphores pour cette période est très mal connu à Thasos. Si nous sommes en mesure d’avancer dès à présent quelques remarques significatives sur ce matériel, il reste à élaborer un important travail typologique pour les productions locales à l’époque impériale. À l’inverse, l’étude de la céramique fine apporte déjà des données quantitatives bien établies dont les chiffres offrent la possibilité de juger de l’importance des importations.
Delphica 6. Note sur l’escalier du théâtre de Delphes (SD 541)
Authors: Bommelaer Jean-François
Published: November 2019

L’escalier, fait de calcaire, par lequel on accédait au théâtre de Delphes depuis sa découverte (fin du XIXe s.) a été démonté en 1974. En dessous, on en a trouvé deux autres, faits de poros, trois fois moins larges et qui ne semblent pas avoir été en relation avec le théâtre. Les datations ont varié selon les moments et les auteurs. L’escalier de calcaire a même passé pour une création paléochrétienne. Il est vrai que sa première volée de degrés, étroite, résultait d’une transformation de cette époque. Mais une trace toujours visible sur le mur d’échiffre permet de relever le profil originel de cette partie et de lui restituer une largeur égale à celle du reste de l’ouvrage, donc de rendre à l’ensemble un aspect monumental. La date doit être celle qu’on attribue maintenant au théâtre : 160-150.
Pelops on an Early Fourth Century BC Krater from Pella
Authors: Akamatis Nikos
Published: November 2019

In this article part of a red-figure bell krater, found in the area of the new entrance of the archaeological site of Pella, is presented. This vase is very interesting because of its rare iconographic subject. On side A the chariot of Pelops is depicted. From other sherds of the same vase we come to the conclusion that on the same chariot Hippodameia was also probably shown. In this scene elements of the abduction of Hippodameia by Pelops, as well as the chariot race between Pelops and Oinomaos, can be traced. The vase is attributed to the workshop of the Painter of Athens 12255 and is dated to the beginning of the fourth century BC. This dating makes it possible to connect the krater’s iconographic subject to king Archelaos’ quadriga victory at the Olympic Games and the celebration of the Olympia festival in Macedonia. The krater under examination is one among the many red-figure vases that arrived in the Macedonian capital from Attica.
Allagè et kollybos. Le change dans l’économie antique. Introduction
Authors: Burkhalter Fabienne
Published: November 2019

Αλλαγή και κόλλυβος. Το συνάλλαγμα στην αρχαία οικονομία

Τα πέντε άρθρα που συγκεντρώθηκαν εδώ αποτελούν τα πρακτικά μιας ημερίδας με θέμα το συνάλλαγμα στην αρχαία οικονομία, η οποία διοργανώθηκε στο Πανεπιστήμιο Lille 3 στις 24 Απριλίου 2015. Πραγ-ματεύονται την οργάνωση της αγοραπωλησίας συναλλάγματος στην ελληνιστική εποχή, με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στις περιπτώσεις της Δήλου και της Αιγύπτου, όπου ο πλούτος των μαρτυριών στις επιγραφές και τους παπύρους φανερώνει δύο πολύ διαφορετικές καταστάσεις : το συνάλλαγμα ήταν ελεύθερος στο εμπορικό κέντρο της Δήλου, ενώ αποτελούσε βασιλικό μονοπώλιο στην πτολεμαϊκή Αίγυπτο. Μια ενδε-λεχής ανάλυση των δεδομένων μας επιτρέπει να διαπιστώσουμε τί σημαίνει αυτό για την κυκλοφορία των νομισμάτων, τον καθορισμό των ισοτιμιών συναλλάγματος και την κοινωνική θέση των αργυρα-μοιβών στις δύο περιοχές. Η συνάντηση αυτή επέτρεψε ακόμη την αντιπαραβολή των διαφορετικών απόψεων των συγγραφέων σχετικά με την αλλαγή και τον πτολεμαϊκό κόλλυβο. Τα τρία τελευταία άρθρα φανερώνουν τις διαφορετικές ερμηνείες που προέκυψαν.
L'empereur Julien : transcendance et subjectivité
Authors: Scott Stan
Published: November 2019

Stan Scott : Emperor Julian. Transcendence and Subjectivity.

The psychological complexities of the Emperor Julian continue to perplex his biographers. If we are fairly well documented on the Christian, pagan and neoplatonic forms of his thought, there is possibly still much to be said concer¬ ning its subjective content, often anguished, obsessive and extremist.
La peccabilité de l'Église comme enjeu œcuménique : En hommage à Harding Meyer pour ses 60 ans
Authors: Birmelé André
Published: November 2019

Cette étude s'inscrit dans le débat œcuménique sur le rapport entre consensus fondamental existant entre Eglises chrétiennes et les différences qui demeurent. Tout semble converger vers la compréhension de l'Eglise comme instrument pour le salut des hommes. Certaines traditions chrétiennes comprennent l'Eglise comme mystère sanctifié par Dieu au point de devenir elle-même impeccable et source de salut. D'autres insistent sur la transparence de tout acte ecclésial pour la seule action de Dieu, l'Eglise communauté de pécheurs étant elle-même pécheresse. Cette notion de peccabilité ou d'impeccabilité de l'Eglise apparaît comme un critère permettant d'analyser la nature des différences qui séparent encore les Eglises.
Les origines géographiques des étudiants en théologie entre 1621 et 1792
Authors: Westphal Werner
Published: November 2019

Les étudiants de la Faculté de Théologie au XVIIe et au XVIIIe siècle étaient originaires d’une part de l’Alsace, de l’autre des provinces protestantes de l’Allemagne. L’apport des autres régions d’Europe est peu considérable. L’aire de recrutement s’est progressivement réduite à l’Alsace et à son voisinage immédiat.
Le Nouveau Testament à la Faculté de théologie protestante de 1870 à 1956
Authors: Trocmé Étienne
Published: November 2019

L’école de Strasbourg animée par Edouard Reuss s’étant dispersée après 1870, l’étude du Nouveau Testament devint à la Faculté l’affaire d’éminents représentants de la science biblique libérale allemande et principalement de H. J. Holtzmann, même si des non-conformistes comme F. Spitta et A. Schweitzer s’y sont également affirmés. A partir de 1919, une relève alsacienne, dont les principaux représentants furent G. Baldensperger, J. Héring et O. Cullmann, se manifesta avec éclat jusqu’en 1956.
Pengembangan Model Pendidikan Karakter Pada Pesantren Berbasis Multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Ngalah Purwosari Pasuruan
Authors: Setiawan Aris , Zahro Lailatuz
Published: November 2019

Abstrak:

Pendidikan di pondok pesantren merupakan pendidikan berbasis agama, Pondok Pesantren Ngalah Purwosari Pasuruan merupakan Pesantren Berbasis Multikultural yang memiliki model pendidikan  yang sangat banyak, diantaranya model pendidikan karakter. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui implementasi pendidikan karakter dengan metode kualitatif,  menggunakan SEM dengan hasil bahwa Keterlibatan orangtua, dukungan teman sebaya, dan dukungan guru, baik secara simultan maupun parsial, berpengaruh positif terhadap religiusitas dalam model pendidikan karakter pada pesantren berbasis multikultural, ponpes Ngalah Purwosari, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Keterlibatan orangtua, dukungan teman sebaya, dukungan  guru, dan religiusitas secara simultan berpengaruh positif terhadap pendidikan karakter dalam model pendidikan karakter pada pesantren berbasis multikultural, ponpes  Ngalah  Purwosari,  Kabupaten  Pasuruan.  Akan  tetapi,  secara  parsial dukungan  guru  terbukti  tidak  berpengaruh  signifikan  terhadap  pendidikan karakter.

 

Kata Kunci: Model Pendidikan Karakter, Pesantren, Multikultural.

 

Abstract:

Education in Islamic boarding schools is a religion-based education, Pondok Pesantren Ngalah Purwosari Pasuruan is a Multicultural-Based Islamic Boarding School which has very many educational models, so is the character education model. The purpose of this study discusses how to create characters using qualitative methods, using SEM with the results of research on how to support, support peers, and support teachers, both simultaneously and partially, positively support religiosity in the character education model of the boarding school based on multiculturalism, Islamic Boarding Schools Ngalah Purwosari, Pasuruan Regency. On the basis of assistance, peer support, teacher support, and simultaneous support support positive character education in the character education model of a multicultural-based boarding school, Ngalah Purwosari Islamic Boarding School, Pasuruan Regency. However, the partial support of teachers proved to be not significant support for character education.

 

Keywords : Character Education Model, Islamic Boarding School, Multicultural
ANALISA PERBEDAAN KEKUATAN BETON AKIBAT TSUNAMI (Studi Kasus : Pengujian Nilai Pantul Hammer Test Pada Kolom Bangunan Mesjid Paya Peunaga Kec. Meureubo Kab. Aceh Barat)
Authors: Riskawati Riskawati , Yusra Andi , Mahmud Samsunan
Published: November 2019

Dampak bencana tsunami dirasakan langsung pada saat kejadian, dan     dampak tidak langsung berupa  penurunan  kekuatan  beton  setelah  tsunami  terjadi.  Tsunami  besar  melanda  Aceh  pada tanggal  26  Desember  2014  telah  melanda  barat  Aceh.  Kerusakan  tidak  langsung  dirasakan masyarakat  Aceh  setelah 10  tahun  terjadinya  tsunami  di  Aceh.  Banyak  bangunan  di  Aceh  yang terkena tsunami pada tahun 2004 silam, kondisi saat ini beton mulai keropos, sehingga terjadi perubahan kekuatan pada beton yang terkena tsunami. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui adanya perubahan kekuatan beton pada bangunan pasca tsunami. Kondisi perubahan tersebut  menjadi  alasan  untuk  melakukan  analisa  mengenai  perbedaan  kekuatan  beton  terkena tsunami dengan yang tidak terkena tsunami pada kolom bangunan. Bangunan yang diuji    adalah bangunan Mesjid Peunaga Paya Kecamatan Mereubo Kabupaten Aceh Barat. Komponen struktur yang  dianalisis  hanya  pada  kolom     yang sebagian terkena tsunami dan sebagian tidak terkena tsuanami. Kekuatan beton tersebut diukur pada elemen struktur kolom tanpa merusak konstruksi dengan menggunakan alat uji yaitu concrete hammer test. Data diambil pada bagian kolom yang terkena tsunami dan pada bagian yang tidak terkena tsunami. Hasil pengujian     yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa kolom bangunan pada bagian yang terkena tsunami mengalami penurunan kekuatan beton dibandingkan dengan bagian yang tidak terkena tsunami. Hasil pengujian kekuatan beton pada kolom 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 8 pada bagian yang tidak terkena tsunami adalah 26, 29, 33,33, 32, 28, 31, sedangkan hasil pengujian kekuatan beton pada kolom 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 8 pada bagian yang terkena tsunami adalah 25, 15, 17, 29, 19, 46, 19, sehingga didapatkan besar penurunan kekuatan beton pada kolom 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 8  adalah sebagai berikut: 4%, 45%, 48%, 12%, 19%,46%, dan 19%. Kata Kunci : Tsunami, Hammer Test dan Kekuatan Beton