bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Characteristics of the Greek Juniper (Juniperus excelsa Beieb.) Populations in the Southeastern Crimea
Authors: Letukhova Viktoria Yu. , Potapenko Irina L.
Published: April 2020

Population studies of a relic Mediterranean species Juniperus excelsa Bieb. in the southeastern Crimea were conducted. We laid out test plots in such sites of the region: Semidvorje (a natural landmark of local significance); Kanaka (a botanical reserve of national significance); Novy Svet (a botanical reserve of national significance); Kiziltash (a natural landmark having no any conservation status); Karadag (a state nature reserve). The density of Greek juniper populations is approximately similar, varying within 400–500 plants/ha. We have estimated age structure, age index and regeneration index of studied populations. They are dominated by normal left-sided age spectra. It has been established that the current level of recreational load does not pose a threat to the existence of juniper communities: the intensity of natural regeneration is rather high. However, the threats for juniper forests may be a reduction their area due to the construction of new resort facilities and their infrastructure, as well as illegal tree cutting.
First photographic inland record of blacktip reef sharks Carcharhinus melanopterus (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae) in Indonesian waters
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Saputra Rio Firman , Setiawan Arum , Yustian Indra
Published: April 2020

Blacktip reef sharks Carcharhinus melanopterus were caught and photographed by local people on 6 March 2019 during a flash flood in Sentani, Jayapura district, Papua province, Indonesia. The presence of C. melanopterus in Sentani represents the first inland record (c. 20 km) for this species in Indonesia. All individuals found were small-sized sharks (c. 500-600 mm), suggesting very young juveniles. We presume their occurence in Sentani a few hours after a flash flood is in response to seasonal freshwater inflow to estuarine environment.
Seasonal and Interannual Variability of the Barents Sea Temperature
Authors: Serykh Ilya V. , Kostianoy Andrey G.
Published: April 2020

Analysis of the monthly average temperature data of the Barents Sea at various depths for the period 1948-2016 showed its growth, which accelerated significantly since the mid-1980s. Against the background of this growth, interannual variability was found over periods of 2 to 7 years and about 10 years. It is shown that periods of this variability can be associated, respectively, with El Nino - Southern Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation. It has been hypothesized that the Global Atmospheric Oscillation may be the synchronizing mechanism of the interannual variability of the tropics of the Pacific Ocean, the North Atlantic and the Barents Sea. Interdecadal changes with a period of about 15 years were also found, which are most likely related to surface temperature anomalies carried by the North Atlantic Current.
Validation of Wind Speed Calculated on Satellite Altimetry Data by Measurements on Weather Stations Located Along the White Sea Coast
Authors: Lebedev Sergey A. , Sorokin Alexander S. , Kluev Pavel V. , Kravchenko Pavel N.
Published: April 2020

The White Sea is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located in the northwest of European Russia. Winds are predominantly southwestern in winter with speeds of 4–8 m/s. Arctic anticyclones can change winds to the northeastern ones. The consistency between satellite altimeter derived wind speed and measurements on coastal stations of the White Sea was checked in the present study. For different parts of the coastal zone, satellites tracks were chosen to be located close to the weather station (within 10-20 km). Then, for every cycle of the selected satellite passes, corresponding values of satellite derived wind speed together with corresponding time (UT) were selected. In-situ wind speed data for the time nearest to the satellite pass were picked up from the databases collected at coastal weather stations. For the comparative analysis, five weather stations on the White Sea coast and tracks of TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1/2/3 satellites were selected. Improvement in correlation between meteo and altimeter data on wind speed can be obtained when using method of decomposition of the winds in four quadrants according to wind direction relative to local coastline orientation.
Нарис теорії податкової поведінки
Authors: Белов. Олександр
Published: April 2020

Стаття містить детальний опис існуючих теорій податкової поведінки.
Узагальнюються всі наявні дані з приводу історії податкової поведінки, вираженої
через категорії податкової моралі, податкових емоцій, податкової протидії,
податкових девіацій, податкового менталітету. Автор наполягає на необхідності
повноцінного впровадження податкової психології – самостійної науки на межі
психології та юриспруденції. При цьому, податкова поведінка визначається як
сукупність психологічних реакцій, пов’язаних із функціонування суб’єкта сплати
податкових платежів. Синтезуються соціально-психологічний, біхевіористський і
фізіократичний підходи з приводу дефініції поняття «податкова поведінка»,
досліджується ієрархія психологічних функцій податкової поведінки.
Ключові слова: податки, фінанси, податкова психологія, податкова поведінка,
податковий менталітет, податкова протидія, податкові девіації.
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ СОВРЕМЕННОГО НАЛОГООБЛОЖЕНИЯ
В КОНТЕКСТЕ СООТНОШЕНИЯ ПУБЛИЧНЫХ И ЧАСТНЫХ ЦЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Гаврильченко. Юлия
Published: April 2020

Статья посвящена важнейшему вопросу современной налоговой
политики. В центре авторского внимания корреляция индивидуального и
публичного интереса. Анализируются различные практики самообложения.
Предложены подходы к определению краудфандинга и публичных целей.
Описаны некоторые случаи из соответствующей юридической практики
Республики Беларусь.
Ключевые слова: налоги, самообложение, краудфандинг, публичный интерес,
публичная цель.
БОРЬБА ВИЗАНТИИ ЗА ПРАВО ВЛАДЕНИЯ ИТАЛИЕЙ:
ИСТОРИКО-ЮРИДИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ВОЙНЫ 541-552 гг.
Authors: Мельник Виктор
Published: April 2020

Смена военно-политической принадлежности, часто практиковавшаяся в войне
541-552 гг., не выходила за рамки общепринятого политического процесса
(учитывая провинциальный статус Италии в Византии, речь шла о процессе
внутриполитическом). Знатью и солдатами руководила, прежде всего, жажда
сохранить жизнь и занимаемое экономическое положение. Они не приносили
присягу заново и не считались новобранцами. Они просто меняли политическую
ориентацию, но не юридическую принадлежность. Эта тонкая грань,
анализируемая в данной статье, хорошо видна в контексте второй итальянской
военной кампании 541-552 гг., которую мы характеризуем как «борьбу Восточной
Римской империи за право владения провинцией Италия». В любом случае,
война 541-552 гг., по своему правовому положению, была гражданской войной
внутри Римской империи, которая развивалась по типичной формуле
«преступления и наказания». Сначала был факт неповиновения императорской
власти, а затем последовало наказание и применение силы. Нарушение закона
повлекло за собой санкцию государственного аппарата. Статья опровергает
суверенный статус Остготской Италии в рассматриваемый период.
Ключевые слова: Восточная Римская империя (Византия), личная собственность
императора, византийская Италия, Юстиниан Великий, король Тотила,
полководец Нарсес, правовой статус гражданской войны.
THE STRUGGLE OF BYZANTIUM FOR THE RIGHT TO OWN ITALY:
HISTORICAL AND LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WAR IN 541-552 AD
The change of military-political affiliation often practiced in the war of 541-552 AD, did
not go beyond the generally accepted political process (given the provincial status of
Italy in Byzantium, it was a domestic political process). The noblemen and soldiers
were led, first of all, by a thirst to preserve life and economic position. They did not take
the oath again and were not considered recruits. They simply changed their political
orientation, but not their legal affiliation. This fine line, analyzed in this article, is visible in the context of the second Italian military campaign of 541-552 AD, which we
characterize as the “struggle of the Eastern Roman Empire for the right to own the
province of Italy”. In any case, the war of 541-552 AD, according to its legal status, was
a civil war within the Roman Empire, which developed according to the typical formula
of “crime and punishment”. At first, there was a fact of disobedience to imperial power,
and then the punishment and the use of force followed. Violation of the law entailed the
sanction of the state apparatus. The article refutes the sovereign status of Ostrogoth
Italy in the period under review.
Keywords: Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantium), Personal Property of the Emperor,
Byzantine Italy, Justinian the Great, King Totila (Badulla), Commander Narses.
ПЕРВЫЙ ФРАНКО-ВИЗАНТИЙСКИЙ КОНФЛИКТ:
АНАЛИЗ СОБЫТИЙ 550-х гг.
Authors: Мельник Виктор
Published: April 2020

Статья посвящена истории франкско-византийского конфликта 552-556 гг.,
произошедшего на фоне ослабления Италии – провинции Восточной Римской
империи. В 553-554 гг. на территорию Италии вторглись алеманны, бургунды и
франки под руководством франкских военачальников. Автор доказывает
осведомленность франкского короля об этой акции и подчеркивает
разрушительный характер неудачной попытки экспансии со стороны династии
Меровингов.
Ключевые слова: Восточная Римская империя (Византия), Италия, Нарсес,
остготы, франки, династия Меровингов.
УЯВЛЕННЯ ПРО ТІЛО ТА ЗДОРОВ’Я У ВІДОБРАЖЕННІ СКАНДИНАВСЬКИХ САГ
Authors: Кіорсак Владислав
Published: April 2020

Уявлення про тіло та здоров’я у відображенні скандинавських саг
У цій статті ми б хотіли розглянути історію медицини середньовічної Скандинавії
крізь призму анатомічних уявлень тогочасних людей, репрезентованих у
ісландських сагах. Це питання, на наше здивування, не викликало широкого
зацікавлення у світовій історіографії. Здебільшого проблема медицини в
середньовічній Скандинавії ставала предметом коротких розвідок та розділів у
науково-популярних книгах, що робить дослідження цього аспекту суспільного
життя більш ніж актуальним. Медицина в якості окремої науки не виокремилася
у вказаному регіоні в період Середньовіччя. Вона не була відмежована від
знахарства чи релігійного цілительства, адже випливала із уявлення про природу
хвороб, які на думку скандинавів спричинялися ірраціональними чинниками.
Ключові слова: історія медицини, жінки в медицині, саги, лікування травами,
лікування ран.
ОТРАЖЕНИЕ ПРОКАЗЫ В СРЕДНЕВЕКОВЫХ ЕВРОПЕЙСКИХ
ИСТОЧНИКАХ ЦЕРКОВНОГО (КАНОНИЧЕСКОГО)
И СВЕТСКОГО ПРАВА
Authors: Келлер Ольга
Published: April 2020

Максимальное распространение проказы приходится на XIII век. Как раз на это
время приходится расцвет средневековых городов, а именно, увеличение числа
городского населения. Перед городскими стенами строились специальные
заведения для размещения прокажённых, или так называемые лепрозории. На
протяжении же Раннего Нового времени можно констатировать определённый спад
болезни по абсолютно неизвестным и неясным нам причинам. Эта болезнь нашла
отражение в средневековых источниках правового характера. Регулируют
общественное положение больных проказой следующие юридические памятники:
Постановления Орлеанского церковного собора, Постановления Лионского
церковного собора, Постановления Латеранского Вселенского собора,
Лангобардская правда, Саксонское Зерцало, Швабское Зерцало.
Ключевые слова: лепра, лепрозории, каноническое право, юридический статус
пациентов.
РАНИ ТА СПОСОБИ ЇХНЬОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ
В ЕПОХУ СЕРЕДНЬОВІЧЧЯ ТА РАННЬОГО ВІДРОДЖЕННЯ
Authors: Обуховська Оксана
Published: April 2020

У статті проаналізовано основні методи та речовини, які використовувалися для
лікування ран у Середні віки та протягом наступних століть. Особливу увагу
авторка звертає на способи лікування бойових ран, викликаних стрілами та
вогнепальною зброєю. Подається і сучасний погляд на доцільність та шкоду від
подібних медичних втручань.
Ключові слова: рана, історія медицини, середньовіччя, вогнепальна зброя.
Basura marina en la costa Oeste de la Bahía de Amuay, estado Falcón (Venezuela)
Authors: Marín Julio César , Ferrer Lismeyra
Published: April 2020

La basura marina corresponde a cualquier material sólido exógeno que persiste en el medio marino o en ambientes lacustres, afectando notablemente a los organismos acuáticos y terrestres. Es por ello que se considera como uno de los principales problemas de contaminación en la actualidad. En el presente trabajo se caracterizó la basura marina en el área de deflación (zonas supramareal e intermareal) de la costa Oeste de la bahía de Amuay, estado Falcón (Venezuela), mediante la recolección manual en siete jornadas realizadas entre septiembre de 2015 y septiembre de 2016. Los materiales recolectados fueron clasificados en nueve categorías: plástico, vidrio, cuerdas, escombros, metal, caucho, madera, textiles y otros, las cuales presentaron porcentajes de abundancia de: 20,4; 5,3; 10,9; 24,3; 21,9; 3,7; 4,3; 5,7 y 3,5; respectivamente. La tasa de generación anual fue de 10.586,6 Kg de residuos, con una alta diversidad de escombros (materiales de construcción, bloques, piedras, otros), metales (latas, recipientes, tapas, envases, láminas, otros) y plástico (botellas, envases, bolsas, anime, tapas, recipientes, otros). El plástico constituyó el material de mayor volumen e impacto visual. De manera global el grado de degradación fue bajo > medio > alto, lo cual denota que la basura marina de la costa Oeste de Amuay es de naturaleza reciente. Se requiere la implementación de planes de gestión de basura marina para minimizar los impactos ambientales que pueda provocar sobre los organismos acuáticos y terrestres; además, garantizar las condiciones favorables para el desarrollo de la recreación y el turismo.
Low-mass Group Environments Have No Substantial Impact on the Circumgalactic Medium Metallicity
Authors: Pointon Stephanie K. , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Nielsen Nikole M. , Murphy Michael T. , Muzahid Sowgat , Churchill Christopher W. , Charlton Jane C.
Published: April 2020

We explore how environment affects the metallicity of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) using 13 low-mass galaxy groups (two to five galaxies) at

identified near background quasars. Using quasar spectra from the Hubble Space Telescope/COS and from Keck/HIRES or the Very Large Telescope/UVES, we measure column densities of or determine limits on CGM absorption lines. We use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach with Cloudy to estimate metallicities of cool (T ∼ 104 K) CGM gas within groups and compare them to CGM metallicities of 47 isolated galaxies. Both group and isolated CGM metallicities span a wide range (−2 < [Si/H] < 0), where the mean group (−0.54 ± 0.22) and isolated (−0.77 ± 0.14) CGM metallicities are similar. Group and isolated environments have similar distributions of

column densities as a function of impact parameter. However, contrary to isolated galaxies, we do not find an anticorrelation between

column density and the nearest group galaxy impact parameter. We additionally divided the groups by member luminosity ratios (i.e., galaxy–galaxy and galaxy–dwarf groups). While there was no significant difference in their mean metallicities, a modest increase in sample size should allow one to statistically identify a higher CGM metallicity in galaxy–dwarf groups compared to galaxy–galaxy groups. We conclude that either environmental effects have not played an important role in the metallicity of the CGM at this stage and expect that this may only occur when galaxies are strongly interacting or merging or that some isolated galaxies have higher CGM metallicities due to past interactions. Thus, environment does not seem to be the cause of the CGM metallicity bimodality.
Detection and Classification of Astronomical Targets with Deep Neural Networks in Wide-field Small Aperture Telescopes
Authors: Jia Peng , Liu Qiang , Sun Yongyang
Published: April 2020

Wide-field small aperture telescopes are widely used for optical transient observations. Detection and classification of astronomical targets in observed images are the most important and basic step. In this paper, we propose an astronomical target detection and classification framework based on deep neural networks. Our framework adopts the concept of the Faster R-CNN and uses a modified Resnet-50 as a backbone network and a feature pyramid network to extract features from images of different astronomical targets. To increase the generalization ability of our framework, we use both simulated and real observation images to train the neural network. After training, the neural network could detect and classify astronomical targets automatically. We test the performance of our framework with simulated data and find that our framework has almost the same detection ability as that of the traditional method for bright and isolated sources and our framework has two times better detection ability for dim targets, albeit all celestial objects detected by the traditional method can be classified correctly. We also use our framework to process real observation data and find that our framework can improve 25% detection ability than that of the traditional method when the threshold of our framework is 0.6. Rapid discovery of transient targets is quite important and we further propose to install our framework in embedded devices such as the Nvidia Jetson Xavier to achieve real-time astronomical targets detection and classification abilities.
Fourth-order Coronagraph for High-contrast Imaging of Exoplanets with Off-axis Segmented Telescopes
Authors: Itoh Satoshi , Matsuo Taro
Published: April 2020

We propose a coronagraphic system with fourth-order null for off-axis segmented telescopes, which is sufficiently insensitive to the telescope pointing errors and finite angular diameter of the host star to enable high-contrast imaging of potentially habitable planets. The inner working angle of the coronagraphic system is close to 1λ/D, and there is no outer limit. The proposed coronagraphic system is made up of a new focal plane mask and an optimized Lyot stop with the second-order null. The new focal plane mask is an extension of the band-limited masks with a phase modulation. We construct a coronagraphic system with fourth-order null by placing two of the new coronagraph systems in succession to be orthogonal to each other. The proposed system is limited to narrow-band usage. The characteristics of the proposed coronagraph system are derived analytically, which includes (1) the leak of stellar lights due to the finite stellar diameter and pointing jitter of a telescope, and (2) the peak throughput. We achieve the performance simulations of this coronagraphic system based on these analytical expressions, considering a monochromatic light of 0.75 μm and an off-axis primary mirror with a diameter of 8.5 m. Thanks to the wide working area of the mask, the result shows that terrestrial planets orbiting K and G dwarfs can be detected under the condition that the telescope pointing jitter is less than 0.01λ/D ≈ 240 as. The proposed coronagraphic system is promising for the detection of potentially habitable planets with future space off-axis hexagonally segmented telescopes.
A Comprehensive Statistical Study of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Wang Feifei , Zou Yuan-Chuan , Liu Fuxiang , Liao Bin , Liu Yu , Chai Yating , Xia Lei
Published: April 2020

In order to obtain an overview of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), we need a full sample. In this paper, we collected 6289 GRBs (from GRB 910421 to GRB 160509A) from the literature, including their prompt emission, afterglow, and host galaxy properties. We hope to use this large sample to reveal the intrinsic properties of GRBs. We have listed all of the data in machine-readable tables, including the properties of the GRBs, correlation coefficients and linear regression results of two arbitrary parameters, and linear regression results of any three parameters. These machine-readable tables could be used as a data reservoir for further studies on the classifications or correlations. One may find some intrinsic properties from these statistical results. With these comprehensive tables, it is possible to find relations between different parameters and to classify the GRBs into different subgroups. Upon completion, they may reveal the nature of GRBs and may be used as tools like pseudo-redshift indicators, standard candles, etc. All of the machine-readable data and statistical results are available.
Generation of Solenoidal Modes and Magnetic Fields in Turbulence Driven by Compressive Driving
Authors: Lim Jeonghoon , Cho Jungyeon , Yoon Heesun
Published: April 2020

We perform numerical simulations of hydrodynamic (HD) and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence driven by compressive driving, to study the generation of solenoidal velocity components and the small-scale magnetic field. We mainly focus on the effects of mean magnetic field (B
0) and the sonic Mach number (M

s
). The dependence of solenoidal ratio (i.e., ratio of solenoidal to kinetic energies) and magnetic energy density on M

s
in compressively driven turbulence is already established, but that on B
0 is not yet. We also consider two different driving schemes in terms of the correlation timescale of forcing vectors: a finite-correlated driving and a delta-correlated driving. Our findings are as follows. First, when we fix the value of B
0, the solenoidal ratio after saturation increases as

increases. A similar trend is observed for generation of magnetic field when B
0 is small. Second, when we fix the value of

, HD and MHD simulations result in similar solenoidal ratios when B
0 is not strong (say, M
A ≳ 5, where M
A is Alfvén Mach number). However, the ratio increases when M
A ≲ 5. Roughly speaking, the magnetic energy density after saturation is a linearly increasing function of B
0 irrespective of M

s
. Third, generation of the solenoidal velocity component is not sensitive to numerical resolution, but that of magnetic energy density is mildly sensitive. Finally, when initial conditions are same, the finite-correlated driving always produces more solenoidal velocity and small-scale magnetic field components than the delta-correlated driving. We additionally analyze the vorticity equation to understand why higher

and B
0 yield a larger quantity of the solenoidal velocity component.
Effects of water levels on species diversity of silica-scaled chrysophytes in large tributaries of Lake Baikal
Authors: Bessudova Anna Yu. , Sorokovikova Larisa M. , Sinyukovich Valery N. , Firsova Alena D. , Tomberg Irina V. , Likhoshway Yelena V.
Published: April 2020

Large tributaries of Lake Baikal considered as a “hotspot” for silica-scaled chrysophytes diversity. Here we presented the updated species composition of silica-scaled chrysophytes and ecological parameters of their habitat in the Barguzin and Selenga River tributaries and delta in a high water level period. The number of registered taxa was significantly lower compared to the low water conditions (23 versus 66 species) and included the following genera with a given number of species: Chrysosphaerella – 1; Paraphysomonas – 2; Clathromonas – 1; Spiniferomonas – 3; Mallomonas – 9; Synura – 7. Mallomonas guttata and Synura borealis were identified in Russian waters for the first time. Thus, the corrected total list of silica-scaled chrysophytes in the Baikal Region includes 79 taxa. Though, the high water level reduced the total number of silica-scaled chrysophyte taxa, it made the water ecosystem more dynamic by enriching it with the entirely new species for this region.
Deep-sea Coral Taxonomy Workshop, Colombia 2019
Authors: Dueñas Luisa , Cedeño-Posso Cristina , Sanchez Juan , Herrera Santiago
Published: April 2020

Corals are some of the conspicuous taxa in deep-sea ecosystems. Yet, characterizing coral diversity is difficult and requires a combination of both morphological and genetic data. Many leading coral taxonomy experts are close-to retirement or have already retired. It is now imperative that the hands-on expertise that these taxonomists have – much of which is not captured in manuscripts or books – is transferred to the next generation. The Deep-Sea Coral Taxonomy Workshop, funded by a Lounsbery award from the Deep-Sea Biology Society, aimed to provide a training opportunities and build taxonomic capacity in Colombia and Latin America. Workshop participants examined the deep-sea coral diversity of the southern western Caribbean, a poorly explored region. The three-day workshop was based mainly on hands-on activities focused on octocorals and black corals, and included introductory talks to the taxonomy of these groups and identification activities using specimens. Thanks to the workshop, it was possible to review and update the classification database of the Makuriwa Marine Natural History Museum collection. Additionally, four new species from the families Clavulariidae, Plexauridae and Gorgoniidae were identified and will be described in the near future.
L’expérience addictive comme métaphore d’un fonctionnement extraordinaire
Authors: Marchin Élodie , Marty François , Gaudriault Pierre
Published: April 2020

Le recours aux produits psychoactifs à l’adolescence permet de faire l’expérience de ce qui ne peut être abordé psychiquement. Pour Max, garçon surdoué, la consommation de drogues n’est pas seulement un besoin de liberté, c’est aussi un moyen de définir son identité et affronter la violence du processus pubertaire. Cet usage a une fonction de médiation qui va s’inscrire dans une relation thérapeutique, notamment avec l’expérience des limites et l’écriture comme sublimation.
Aux limites de l’entendable : la violence sonore pubertaire
Authors: Brault Anthony
Published: April 2020

L’auteur, s’appuyant nettement sur la théorie de D. Anzieu, cherche à montrer que l’enveloppe sonore du Soi est percée par l’irruption du sexuel génital impliquant un mouvement de déstructuration des limites du Soi et de ses fonctions : la contenance, qui fonde le sentiment de la continuité du Soi (limitation entre le dedans et le dehors), et l’individuation du Soi (limitation entre Soi et l’autre). Ce mouvement nommé violence sonore pubertaire est illustré à partir du mythe grec du dieu Pan.
La double limite, du regard au pensable
Authors: De Vincenzo Mario
Published: April 2020

Cet article rend compte du rapport existant entre l’expérience spéculaire primaire et la constitution des limites soi/autre. L’exploration d’un cas clinique permet d’apprécier l’importance du regard de l’autre comme condition nécessaire au déploiement du processus de subjectivation et à l’articulation d’une double limite dedans-dehors et inconscient-préconscient-conscient.
L’objet-frontière en psychanalyse : vers la représentation d’un Soi
Authors: Malausséna Arnaud
Published: April 2020

La représentation d’un soi à l’adolescence s’élabore dans un travail des limites nécessitant une dimension intersubjective notamment dans la rencontre d'un objet-frontière. La rencontre clinique d’un adolescent sollicitant une forte dimension sensori-motrice permet de mesurer le rôle du langage du corps et de l’acte. Également, le rôle de l’éducateur comme objet-frontière permet de mettre en perspective les propriétés fondamentales liées à cet objet.
La quête des origines inversée dans l’adoption internationale
Authors: Skandrani Sara , Harf Aurélie , Maley Regley Sophie , Moro Marie Rose
Published: April 2020

La quête des origines dans les familles adoptives se joue principalement sur un plan fantasmatique, interrogeant l’histoire de l’enfant et de ses parents. Aujourd’hui, de nouvelles questions émergent dans un contexte de prises de contact de plus en plus fréquentes par la famille biologique, via les réseaux sociaux. Le réel vient alors faire effraction, s’imposant à l’adolescent, en dépit de son élaboration intime de la problématique des origines
Frontières spatio-temporelles du contrat de poids
Authors: Bonneau-Jamot Aurore
Published: April 2020

Cet article propose une lecture spatio-temporelle du contrat de poids dans la prise en charge des patients anorexiques hospitalisés. Il y est envisagé comme une médiation thérapeutique à visée temporelle. Aux frontières spatiales du lieu de soin s’ajoutent en effet les frontières temporelles des poids de séparation et de sortie. Leur articulation produit un phénomène de « temps pondéral » qui se fait l’écho des mouvements psychiques du patient à l’égard de ses objets parentaux.
L’alcoolisme conjugué au féminin
Authors: Disy Alison , Smaniotto Barbara
Published: April 2020

Les travaux antérieurs et contemporains ont en grande majorité étudié la problématique alcoolique au regard de l’alcoolisme masculin. Nous proposons dans cet article de conjuguer l’alcoolisme au féminin . Bien que n’étant pas le propre de la femme, nous envisagerons le lien entre alcoolisme et féminin à partir du suivi « au chevet » d’une patiente hospitalisée pour sevrage. Nous ferons l’hypothèse que, dans leur dimension paradoxale, l’acte de boire et l’objet-alcool rendraient compte à la fois d’un achoppement et d’une tentative d’intégration psychique du féminin.
Le deuil chez les veuves kazakhes : aspects psychosociaux et ethnoculturels
Authors: Jumageldinov Askar , Suraganova Zubaida , Derivois Daniel
Published: April 2020

Dans cette recherche, nous étudions les aspects psychosociaux et ethnoculturels du deuil chez les femmes kazakhes. Nous analysons également les événements traumatiques vécus par ces veuves, ensuite, nous présentons une interprétation et une analyse du vécu traumatique chez ces femmes kazakhes, lié aux difficultés douloureuses de reconstruction identitaire suite à la prise de conscience de leur nouveau statut. L’étude a mis en évidence un impact des traditions culturelles et religieuses sur le vécu des femmes endeuillées. Nous avons montré que l’entourage joue un rôle spécifique dans le processus de deuil. Nous constatons notamment, chez les veuves kazakhes, un sentiment de culpabilité vis-à-vis de la belle-famille, des bouleversements de leur statut social ainsi qu’une stigmatisation par l’entourage.
Le meilleur est le plus trompeur. Quelques remarques à propos des Dissoi logoi 3
Authors: Gardella Hueso Mariana
Published: April 2020

Les Dissoi logoi posent de nombreux problèmes d’interprétation. Partant du troisième chapitre du traité, cette étude cherche à montrer que la soi-disant « thèse de l’identité » n’établit pas l’identité des prédicats opposés, mais leur relativité : certaines actions, telles que mentir, voler ou tuer, pourraient être considérées comme tantôt justes, tantôt injustes selon le kairos , c’est-à-dire le moment précis où il faut agir. Les vers de Cléobuline et d’Eschyle cités en faveur de celle-ci non seulement transmettent des exemples d’actions normalement jugées injustes qui, dans certaines occasions, devraient être considérées comme justes, mais montrent aussi que la tâche créative des poètes et poétesses est un exemple de tromperie juste, ce qui constitue un argument additionnel en faveur de la thèse mentionnée.
Évolutions de l’Intelligence Artificielle : quels enjeux pour l’activité humaine et la relation Humain‑Machine au travail ?
Authors: Zouinar Moustafa
Published: April 2020

Depuis quelques années, l’Intelligence Artificielle (IA) connaît un regain d’intérêt sans précédent grâce à d’importantes avancées technologiques, notamment dans le domaine de l’apprentissage machine (machine learning), qui étendent les capacités des ordinateurs et accroissent leurs performances dans un grand nombre de domaines (traitement du langage, compréhension de la parole, reconnaissance d’images, robotique, etc.). Ces avancées ouvrent de vastes perspectives en termes d’innovation technologique et d’automatisation dans les situations de travail. Cet article s’intéresse aux questions et enjeux soulevés par ces évolutions concernant l’activité humaine au travail. Il montre que la majorité des questions soulevées ne sont pas nouvelles. Il s’agit en particulier des questions concernant les incidences de l’automatisation sur le travail, et la manière d’envisager la répartition du travail et la relation entre Humain et IA. Certaines questions qui ne sont pas nouvelles se posent avec plus d’acuité, c’est le cas d’une part de « l’explicabilité » des systèmes d’IA basés sur l’apprentissage et, d’autre part, des conséquences à plus long terme de cet apprentissage sur l’activité humaine. Enfin, de nouvelles questions émergent, comme celles qui concernent plus particulièrement le travail avec des machines intelligentes qui exhibent des caractères anthropomorphes.
Apprendre dans des interactions avec de multiples participants : la formation pratique des éducatrices et éducateurs de l’enfance
Authors: Zogmal Marianne
Published: April 2020

Dans les métiers de l’éducation et des soins, la formation professionnelle en situation de travail se déroule fréquemment dans des interactions regroupant de multiples participants. Pour les étudiants en formation, il s’agit dès lors d’apprendre à participer aux activités en cours en s’insérant dans une équipe de travail et en s’ajustant aux usagers. Au croisement des recherches portant sur l’apprentissage en situation de travail et des perspectives interactionnelles en analyse du travail, cet article propose une étude empirique centrée sur les modalités de participation d’une étudiante stagiaire dans le champ de l’éducation de l’enfance. Il s’intéresse en particulier à une activité éducative menée par la stagiaire, en présence des enfants et de deux éducatrices expérimentées. La notion de configuration de participation permet d’aborder comment les différents participants établissent une définition de la situation et varient leurs focalisations sur différents aspects des activités collectives en cours. L’analyse empirique des données audio-vidéo et des transcriptions permet de souligner que les positionnements relationnels s’effectuent à travers des jeux d’adressages et de figuration. Sur le plan épistémique, les interactants co-construisent des significations partagées, rendues mutuellement manifestes dans l’accomplissement des interactions. Des changements incessants s’inscrivent dans un déroulement interactionnel dynamique, organisé de façon séquentielle et simultanée. Dès lors, savoir participer à des situations de formation dans et par le travail s’inscrit dans des dimensions pragmatiques, relationnelles, épistémiques et dynamiques des interactions. L’analyse des interactions permet d’éclairer ces phénomènes et les enjeux des situations de formation dans les contextes de travail avec de multiples participants.
Planifier les affectations spatio-temporelles d’autrui : l’articulation d’enjeux économiques et sociaux par des ordonnanceurs
Authors: Flamard Laëtitia , Nascimento Adélaïde , Falzon Pierre , Tirilly Ghislaine
Published: April 2020

La construction des plannings de travail, aussi appelée ordonnancement du personnel, soulève de multiples enjeux, tant économiques que commerciaux ou encore sociaux. Elle représente notamment un levier pour construire des conditions de travail satisfaisantes. Au lieu de s’intéresser aux impacts de l’absentéisme sur l’activité des agents présents au travail, comme fréquemment discuté dans la littérature ergonomique, le but de cet article est de présenter l’activité de conception de ces plannings de travail, c’est-à-dire celle d’ordonnanceurs d’une grande entreprise ferroviaire dans un contexte de flexibilité et de compétitivité accrues.À partir de l’analyse de leur activité, nous montrons comment les ordonnanceurs développent un travail d’articulation à la fois entre les différents acteurs concernés par les plannings, mais également entre les différentes dimensions de la production (économique, commerciale, sociale…) afin de construire des plannings acceptables et acceptés. Ce travail d’articulation constitue alors un levier pour la gestion de l’absentéisme et la prévention des troubles de santé chez ces opérateurs.Conjointement ces régulations sont mises au regard avec l’indicateur de pilotage utilisé par l’organisation pour rendre compte de cette activité d’ordonnancement. Le contraste des analyses d’activité avec celles issues des indicateurs de suivi mis en place au sein de l’unité montre que ces articulations sont souvent masquées, et peuvent se montrer en contradiction avec les décisions de la direction.
Autonomía indígena en disputa: entre la reconstitución comunitaria y la tutela estatal. La experiencia guaraní de Huacaya en Bolivia
Authors: Flores Pabel Camilo López , Makaran Gaya
Published: April 2020

Pasado más de un decenio desde la aprobación de la actual Constitución boliviana que viabilizaba la creación de las autonomías indígenas, actualmente la mayoría de los procesos autonómicos no parecen avanzar en la dirección esperada. ¿Qué sucedió con las Autonomías Indígenas Originarias Campesinas, uno de los componentes más transformadores del proyecto plurinacional en Bolivia? En este trabajo tratamos de problematizar este interrogante a partir de los procesos autonómicos del pueblo guaraní en el Chaco boliviano, concretamente en el municipio de Huacaya. Analizamos críticamente este proceso de la “autonomía de derecho” a partir de las voces de los propios sujetos indígenas, en un esfuerzo por repensar tanto el concepto mismo de la autonomía indígena, como su aplicación concreta en Bolivia.
ANÁLISE DA ÁREA LIVRE DE CANTEIROS DE CAESALPINIA PELTOPHOROIDES (SIBIPIRUNA) EM DIFERENTES BAIRROS DA CIDADE DE MARINGÁ – PR
Authors: Köhler Diana Mayra , Rebouças de Souza Ester Beatriz , Dos Santos Gabriel Leonardo , Bornia Laura Beatriz , Rodrigues de Oliveira Paola Vitória , De Souza Soares Rafaela Andreza
Published: April 2020

A cidade de Maringá, desde o começo de seu desenvolvimento, adotou a ideia de cidade-jardim, investindo na arborização local. No entanto, com o passar dos anos e a mudança de gestão da Companhia Melhoramentos do Norte do Paraná para a Prefeitura de Maringá, o cuidado com as árvores da cidade se tornou precário. A partir desse fato, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a condição de plantio das árvores da espécie Caesalpinia peltophoroides – a mais frequentemente plantada e causadora de danos - em bairros construídos até 1982 (gestão da CMNP) - bairros velhos - e após essa data – bairros novos -, buscando possíveis diferenças. Para a escolha dos bairros utilizou-se o mapa de evolução urbana de Maringá. As medidas coletadas foram a largura e o comprimento do canteiro, bem como a medida do diâmetro à altura do peito da árvore. Foram coletados dados de 20 árvores de cada grupo de bairros, totalizando 40 árvores. Esses dados foram usados para calcular a área do canteiro, a área do canteiro ocupada pela árvore e a área livre do canteiro. O teste estatístico de Kruskal-Wallis demonstrou diferença significativa (p = 0,061) na área livre do canteiro entre os dois grupos de bairros. O resultado sugere que, apesar de ambos os grupos de bairros apresentarem medidas irregulares, o grupo arborizado sob responsabilidade da prefeitura está mais distante das normas utilizadas como referência. Conclui-se que o município necessita da elaboração de um plano municipal de arborização que regulamente a situação atual das árvores da cidade.
ESTIMULAÇÃO DIAFRAGMÁTICA ELÉTRICA TRANSCUTÂNEA SOBRE AS PRESSÕES RESPIRATÓRIAS ESTÁTICAS MÁXIMAS: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Ludwig André Franco , Brante Anny Karolina , Tori Fernanda da Silva , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor
Published: April 2020

A estimulação diafragmática elétrica transcutânea (EDET) é uma modalidade da eletroterapia que utiliza estímulos elétricos rítmicos de curta duração e eletrodos de superfície, a fim de proporcionar a contração do principal músculo inspiratório, o diafragma. A presente pesquisa objetivou realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura para verificar os desfechos da EDET sobre a força muscular inspiratória e expiratória e os parâmetros mais eficazes para aplicação da eletroestimulação. Esta revisão sistemática foi realizada de acordo com os critérios e recomendações indicadas para realização de revisões Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. A análise dos artigos selecionados foi feita por dois autores, realizada de forma individual, caso houvesse discordância sobre a inclusão, um terceiro autor seria responsável pela inserção ou não de tal artigo nesta revisão. Os dados foram descritos de forma qualitativa e suas principais informações (autor, características da amostra, intervenção, tempo de intervenção e principais variáveis analisadas) apresentadas em forma de tabelas. Verificou-se que dentre os ensaios clínicos, a maioria aplicou EDET com frequência de 30Hz, largura de pulso de 1,2ms, tempo de subida de 0,7 segundos, frequência respiratória entre 14 e 15 rpm, com intensidade necessária para contração visível e duração de cada sessão de 30 minutos. Cinco dos 6 ensaios selecionados tiveram incremento significativo na PImáx e PEmáx. Esta revisão sistemática demostrou evidências que a aplicação da EDET proporciona desfechos favoráveis na força muscular respiratória em indivíduos saudáveis ou não. Além disso, destacou também quais foram os parâmetros mais eficazes para aplicação da corrente elétrica.
De Roma para o Atlântico. Jornais e jornalistas de língua italiana entre a Itália, a Europa e a América Latina durante o fascismo
Authors: Bertonha João Fábio
Published: April 2020

Durante o período fascista, a imprensa era considerada um instrumento fundamental para a criação do “homem novo” italiano e, da mesma forma, para a difusão dos ideais do fascismo fora da Itália. Através de várias agências governamentais (e, posteriormente, do MinCulPop), o governo italiano promovia a circulação de artigos e de material de propaganda pelo mundo, nos mais diversos idiomas. Do mesmo modo, a imprensa em língua italiana, publicada nos vários países de imigração italiana, servia de instrumento para essa mesma divulgação. O objetivo dessa comunicação é apresentar os canais de reprodução jornalística (os jornalistas, os jornais, as franquias telegráficas e outros), tanto em língua italiana como em outros idiomas, que conectavam a Itália com os países da América Latina. Em última instância, o objetivo é verificar como a imprensa e os jornalistas foram fundamentais na criação de uma rede transnacional fascista entre a Itália, a Europa e a América Latina no período considerado.
Impactos Econômicos dos Governos de Fernando Henrique e Lula da Silva sobre as Forças Armadas (1995-2010)
Authors: Duarte Luiz Claudio
Published: April 2020

Os governos de Fernando Henrique Cardoso são considerados responsáveis por uma forte redução do Estado através de políticas de contenção dos gastos públicos, as quais atingiram também as Forças Armadas. Inversamente, os governos de Lula da Silva apresentaram um discurso desenvolvimentista, que, supostamente, favoreceu o investimento nas Forças Armadas, invertendo as tendências das gestões anteriores. O artigo faz, a partir da leitura de dois textos do cientista político João Roberto Martins Filho e de dados estatísticos da SEORI, a análise crítica e comparativa entre os governos citados em relação aos investimentos – e somente em relação aos investimentos – em Defesa Nacional, na manutenção e modernização das Forças Armadas.
Imigrantes chineses nas terras baixas da península de Guanacaste, na Costa Rica: crônicas de integração social e parentesco de alguns clãs familiares de Puntarenas, Abangares e Nicoya
Authors: Acón Chan Lai Sai
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o grau de parentesco existente entre várias famílias de origem chinesa que se estabeleceram em Nicoya e analisar como isso influenciou suas contribuições para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico da cidade e seus padrões de mobilidade em todo o Pacífico da Costa Rica desde final do século XIX até meados do século XX. Os participantes do estudo são descendentes de imigrantes que se enraizaram em Nicoya entre 1880 e 1950, que possuíam duas peculiaridades: pertenciam aos mesmos clãs familiares, apesar dos diferentes sobrenomes com os quais estavam registrados ou eram da mesma área geográfica e, às vezes, até da mesma aldeia, que desenvolveu laços de afinidade tão fortes quanto laços consanguíneos. Isso lhes permitiu apoiar-se mutuamente para alcançar o desenvolvimento coletivo do grupo de imigrantes chineses em Nicoya.
Subjetividades dissidentes e controles de imigração nos êxodos contemporâneos da América Central
Authors: González Guillermo Acuña
Published: April 2020

Este artigo reflete sobre a relação entre os recentes processos de mobilidade regional da América Central, os aspectos de conformação das subjetividades que respondem e as ações de controle com as quais são feitas tentativas para impedir os processos migratórios. Ele aborda alguns ângulos da abordagem da autonomia da migração e especifica exemplos específicos nos quais esses relacionamentos estão presentes.
Representações de crianças bascas exiladas na tela grande: de “A outra árvore de Guernica” à “Route 66”
Authors: Álvarez Gila Óscar
Published: April 2020

Durante a Guerra Civil Espanhola, o governo regional basco começou a evacuar a população infantil para outros países europeus. A memória desse exílio infantil começou a se recuperar nos anos 60, tanto na Espanha quanto no exterior. Este artigo estabelece uma comparação entre as duas primeiras representações do exílio infantil basco na tela. Por um lado, analisa-se o romance (e mais tarde o filme, de 1969), A outra árvore de Guernica, que reflete o discurso gerado nesse exílio em particular na Espanha de Franco. Por outro lado, é analisado um capítulo de 1963 da série de televisão norte-americana Route 66, cujos protagonistas eram crianças exiladas bascas. Na comparação entre ambas as representações são identificadas as semelhanças e diferenças, bem como os diferentes conteúdos políticos em que se encaixam.
Defense and protection mechanisms in lung exposed to asbestiform fiber: the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and heme oxygenase-1
Authors: Loreto Carla , Caltabiano Rosario , Graziano Adriana Carol Eleonora , Castorina Sergio , Lombardo Claudia , Filetti Vera , Vitale Ermanno , Rapisarda Giuseppe , Cardile Venera , Ledda Caterina , Rapisarda Venerando
Published: April 2020

Fluoro-edenite (FE), an asbestiform fiber, is responsible for many respiratory pathologies: chronic obstructive diseases, pleural plaques, fibrosis, and malignant mesothelioma. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is one of the first cytokines produced in response to lung tissue damage. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a protein with protective effects against oxidative stress. It is up regulated by several stimuli including pro-inflammatory cytokines and factors that promote oxidative stress. In this research, the in vivo model of sheep lungs naturally exposed to FE was studied in order to shed light on the pathophysiological events sustaining exposure to fibers, by determining immunohistochemical lung expression of MIF and HO-1. Protein levels expression of HO-1 and MIF were also evaluated in human primary lung fibroblasts after exposure to FE fibers in vitro. In exposed sheep lungs, MIF and HO-1 immunoexpression were spread involving the intraparenchymal stroma around bronchioles, interstitium between alveoli, alveolar epithelium and macrophages. High MIF immunoexpression prevails in macrophages. Similar results were obtained in vitro, but significantly higher values were only detected for HO-1 at concentrations of 50 and 100 μg/mL of FE fibers. MIF and HO-1 expressions seem to play a role in lung self-protection against uncontrolled chronic inflammation, thus counteracting the strong link with cancer development, induced by exposure to FE. Further studies will be conducted in order to add more information about the role of MIF and HO-1 in the toxicity FE-induced.