bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy on The Risk of Having Preterm Birth: An Evidence-based Case Report
Authors: Meilana Intan , Andayani Diyah Eka
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Preterm birth (PTB) is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Pregnant women is one of the most vulnerable groups for vitamin D deficiency, that increase the risk of PTB. Vitamin D has the role of immunomodulator, anti-inflammatory, and transcription of genes involved in placental function. Research results on the correlation between vitamin D supplementation and PTB risk are still inconsistent.Objective: To observe the effect of oral vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on the risk of PTBMethods: Advanced search for relevant literatures in PubMed, Cochrane, and Willey was conducted. After assessing the relevancy and eligibility, articles were selected and critically appraised.Results: There were three articles that relevant with the eligibility criteria and clinical questions, they were randomized controlled trial, meta-analysis and systematic review. Three studies found that oral vitamin D supplementation in the form of cholecalciferol during pregnancy had a significant reduction on the risk of PTB. A systematic review found that supplementation with combination of cholecalciferol and calcium carbonate may increase the risk of PTB. The different dosages, frequencies, and time of initiation limit the generalizations for efficacy and safety doses.Conclusion: Oral cholecalciferol supplementation during pregnancy reduces the risk of PTB. While supplementation with combination of cholecalciferol and calcium carbonate requires consideration. Further research is needed to find out about the dose, frequency, time of initiation, adverse events and effects of vitamin D when combined with other vitamins and minerals. Keywords: Pregnancy, vitamin D, vitamin D3, cholecalciferol, preterm birth, preterm labor.
Iron Intake and Its Correlation to Ferritin and Hemoglobin Level among Children Aged 24–36 Months in Jakarta in 2020
Authors: Ferdi Jessica , Bardosono Saptawati , Medise Bernie Endyarni
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Iron is essential for child’s development and growth. Children’s iron requirements are secured from daily food intake that might be affected by Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine iron intake and its relationship with ferritin and hemoglobin levels as indicators of iron status among children in Jakarta.Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kampung Melayu, Jakarta from September to October 2020. Seventy seven healthy children aged 24–36 months were taken using total population sampling method. Interviews were conducted to obtain characteristics data and iron intake using a semi-quantitative-food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Blood tests are performed to check the levels of ferritin (controlled by hs-CRP value), and hemoglobin.Pearson’s/Spearman’s correlation test was performed using SPSS version 20.0. Result: Median of iron intake was 9.6 (1.5–40,7) mg/day, in which 33.8% of subjects was below the Indonesian Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) recommendation. The median ferritin value was 18.1 (1.4–91.1) 𝜇g/L and the hemoglobin was 11.8 (6.6–15.2) g/dL, in which 40.3% and 27.3% subjects with iron insufficient-deficient and anemia, respectively. There were  positive correlations between iron intake and ferritin (r = 0.328, p = 0.002) and iron intake and hemoglobin (r = 0.308, p = 0.003). A strong positive correlation was found between ferritin and hemoglobin (r = 0.769, p < 0.001).Conclusion: Iron intake of children aged 24–36 months had a weak positive correlation with ferritin and hemoglobin level. Keywords: children 24–36 months, ferritin, hemoglobin, iron intake, Jakarta
Farmacoeconomia aplicada ao tratamento medicamentoso para a COVID-19 em um hospital campanha
Authors: Braúna Carina da  Costa , Araujo Paulo Monteiro , Carvalho Rossicleia Dias , Carvalho Maria das Graças Freire de Medeiros , Nunes Lívio Cesar Cunha
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a terapia farmacológica e os custos diretos envolvidos no tratamento da COVID-19 observados em um hospital de campanha. Métodos: Foi realizado um levantamento acerca do protocolo clínico adotado por um hospital campanha no estado do Piauí - Brasil, analisando-o segundo os custos e as indicações clínicas dos medicamentos propostos para tratamento farmacológico de COVID-19. Resultados: O protocolo estudado previa o uso de heparina, omeprazol, hidroxicloroquina, ceftriaxona, azitromicina, oseltamivir, ivermectina e metilprednisolona (Fase 2a ou 2b). Os medicamentos que representaram maior impacto no custo diário foram a ceftriaxona R$ 77,00 (32,19%), omeprazol R$ 28,80 (12,04%), heparina [Fases 1 e 2a R$ 32,19 (13,46%) – Fase 2b R$ 64,38 (26,91%)] e a metilprednisolona R$ 44,80 (18,73%). Foi observado o uso de dois medicamentos off-label, a ivermectina e a hidroxicloroquina. Conclusão: O protocolo medicamentoso para COVID-19 utilizado no hospital campanha estudado, mostrou-se bem oneroso frente ao financiamento pretendido. Espera-se que avaliações farmacoeconômicas como a realizada por esse estudo permitam o melhor desenho de novas versões de protocolos com melhores relações de custo-benefício.
Wound infection by Pantoea agglomerans after penetrating plant injury
Authors: Olmos-Alpiste Ferran , Ezquerra Gemma Martin , Pujol Ramon M
Published: February 2021

Pantoea agglomerans is a ubiquitous gram-negative bacterium that has been linked to skin and joint infections secondary to plant injuries. Herein we report a 58-year-old woman who presented with 2 erythematous nodules with purulent discharge on the anterior aspect of the right leg that developed after a penetrating plant injury. The patient was initially treated with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cloxacillin and clindamycin without improvement. P. agglomerans was isolated from both exudate and skin biopsy cultures. Healing of the lesions was achieved after the spontaneous release of a retained plant fragment and treatment with cotrimoxazole. Identification of P. agglomerans in persistent exudative lesions should alert the clinician regarding a possible previous plant injury and retained vegetal fragments. Conventional antibiotic treatment and the extraction of retained foreign bodies usually lead to complete resolution.
Do Islamic Banks Perform Better than Conventional Banks?
Authors: Ali Asif , Bashir Malik Fahim , Afridi Muhammad Asim
Published: February 2021

This study aims to compare the performance of Islamic and conventional banks in Pakistan for the period 2007-2016. For the purpose, the study first employs CAMELS composite rating to find the ratios to highlight the managerial and financial performance of the banks. The study then uses logistic regression technique for the performance comparison of Islamic and Conventional banks. The composite rating results reveal that both Islamic and conventional banks fall in rank 3 and need help from regulatory authorities to improve the performance of banking sector in Pakistan. Furthermore, the logistic regression results reveal that Islamic banks perform well in asset quality, management adequacy and sensitivity to market risk whereas conventional banks are efficient in capital adequacy and liquidity. Robustness of results is achieved by performance comparison of the same size Islamic and conventional banks. This analysis is important because Pakistan’s banking sector is hybrid where both Islamic and conventional banks work in the same environment and under the same regulator. Findings of this study are not only useful for Islamic and conventional banks operating in Pakistan but would also help the policymakers in devising future policies.
Corporate Board Attributes, Shariah Board Attributes and Credit Rating: Evidence from Islamic Banks of Pakistan
Authors: Mansoor Muhammad , Ellahi Nazima , Malik Qaiser Ali
Published: February 2021

Shariah Governance is an essential characteristic that differentiates Islamic financial institutions from Conventional financial institutions. The study’s purpose is to explore the effect of corporate governance attributes and Shariah board attributes on the long term and short-term credit rating of Islamic banks in Pakistan. The study develops six different models based on corporate board characteristics, Shariah board attributes and credit ratings, and collected data from annual reports of Pakistani Islamic banks for the period 2013- 2019. This study used Long term credit rating scale used by Grassa (2016) and, Ashbaugh-Skaife, Collins, and LaFond (2006), and developed a Short term credit rating scale. The study applied descriptive statistics, correlations and ordered logit regression. The results confirmed that corporate governance and Shariah governance attributes are significantly associated with the long term and short-term credit ratings of Islamic banks. The study concludes that credit rating agencies in Pakistan i.e. PACRA and JC-VIS, and other international credit rating agencies including Fitch, Moody and Standard & Poor’s must consider Shariah governance attributes as key determinants while assigning long term and short term credit ratings to Islamic banks.
A Review Paper on Governance for Takaful Operators (Islamic Insurance Companies)
Authors: Muhamat Amirul Afif
Published: February 2021

The article reviews past literature on the governance aspect of takaful operators. This aspect has been given limited attention in literature on Islamic finance compared to other components such as Islamic banking and Islamic capital market. Therefore, major articles concerning governance issues of takaful operators are discussed and special consideration has been given to the UK Stewardship Code and the Malaysian Rating Corporation (MARC) guidelines for Islamic financial institutions. Interestingly, this article suggests that the Malaysian Rating Corporation (MARC) guidelines for Islamic financial institutions and the UK Stewardship Code should be used as references in order to develop dedicated stewardship guideline for Islamic financial institutions like takaful operators. The stewardship theory is compatible with the Islamic notion of al-falah. Therefore, by having specific stewardship guidelines for the takaful operators it can further encourage policyholders’ engagement with the takaful operators’ management. Last but not least, this article contributes to discussion in this area especially on the possibility of having a set of stewardship guidelines for the Islamic financial institutions (IFIs)such as takaful operators.
The Role of Islamic Banks in Tackling Financial Exclusion in North-East Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Tijjani , Khalil Zanna
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore the level of financial exclusion in North-East Nigeria and determine the reasons and barriers behind the huge percentage of financial exclusion. The contemporary Islamic bank is considered as a solution to tackle financial exclusion. The paper uses a quantitative approach in which 2500 questionnaires were distributed out of which 2352 were received back from the respondents. The data was gathered and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling, and descriptive, correlation and regression analyses. The findings revealed that awareness, literacy, and religiosity are considered as the key barriers to financial exclusion and the need of Islamic banks with Shariah-compliant products is highly felt to address religious motivation in North East Nigeria. Since Islamic banks are compliant with Shariah principles, the Nigerian government should facilitate the creation of more Islamic banks to tackle financial exclusion.
Investigating the Factors Affecting Foreign Direct Investment in Selected Muslim Countries: A Panel Data Approach
Authors: Mahmoudi Saeid , Nasiri Nasser , Hajihassaniasl Saeid
Published: February 2021

This paper attempts to test the effects of foreign direct investment on selected Islamic countries by using spatial econometric analysis. For this purpose, foreign direct participation and investment data from selected countries were used as panel data between 2000-2013 years period. The foreign direct investment equation is estimated using static (fixed and random effects) and dynamic (Generalized Method of Moments) methods as panel data in both conventional and spatial econometric models. The results of the estimated model show the existence of spatial correlations between selected countries and hence the use of this type of estimation is justified. On the other hand, the variables of degree of openness of the economy and economic security have a positive and significant effect on attracting foreign direct investment in the studied countries while inflation rate, economic growth and human capital solely have no significant effect on foreign direct investment in these countries.
Economics and Capitalism in the Ottoman Empire
Authors: Saglam Muhlis Selman
Published: February 2021

The book under review consists of five chapters. In the first part, the author discusses the 19th century Ottoman social structure and economic thought system. In the following three chapters this structure has been examined in detail by focusing on social change, development issues, imperialism, and industrialization. The last chapter summarizes author’s views on the Ottoman economic thought system following which the author concludes his argument.
Quantum circuits for qubit fusion
Authors: Moussa Jonathan Edward
Published: February 2021

We consider four-dimensional qudits as qubit pairs and their qudit Pauli operators as qubit Clifford operators. This introduces a nesting, C^2_1 belong to C^4_2 belong to C^2_3 , where Cmn is the nth level of the m-dimensional qudit Clifford hierarchy. If we can convert between logical qubits and qudits, then qudit Clifford operators are qubit non-Clifford operators. Conversion is achieved by qubit fusion and qudit fission using stabilizer circuits that consume a resource state. This resource is a fused qubit stabilizer state with a faulttolerant state preparation using stabilizer circuits.
Problems of insufficient control of target blood pressure levels in the outpatient practice
Authors: Larina Vera N. , Fedorova Ekaterina V. , Mikhailusova Marina P. , Golovko Milada G.
Published: February 2021

Aim. Assessment of the frequency of reaching the target level of blood pressure (BP) and the factors affecting it in outpatients with arterial hypertension (AH). Materials and methods. An open, one-stage, comparative study involving 64 patients with hypertension and 47 without hypertension at the age of 40 to 59 years. All patients underwent physical examination, assessment of cardiovascular risk (CVR), 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), echocardiography (ECHOCG), color duplex scanning of brachiocephalic arteries. Results. Patients with hypertension and comparison groups were comparable in age, sex, smoking, history of myocardial infarction. 1st degree of hypertension was present in 26.6%, 2nd in 40.6%, 3rd in 12.5% of patients. Obesity was detected in 24.3% of patients and all patients with obesity had AH. The SCORE score in individuals with hypertension was 4.94.5; in the comparison group, 2.32.6 (p0.001). Non-stenosing atherosclerosis was present in 54.8% and 88%, p=0.020, and atherosclerotic plaque in the vascular lumen was present in 45.3% and 12% of patients with and without hypertension, respectively (p0.001). 68.8% were constantly treated, and the target BP was reached in 31.3% of patients with hypertension. Male gender (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.6828.49; p=0.007), obesity (OR 4.78; 95% CI 1.1420.29; p=0.033), concomitant pathology (OR 3.09; 95% CI 1.029.37; p=0.046) were negative, and dyslipidemia (OR 0.10; 95% CI 0.010.84; p=0.033) was positive, affecting the achievement of the target level of blood pressure. Conclusion. The target level of blood pressure was achieved in 31.3% of outpatients with hypertension, mainly in women. Among patients who did not reach the target level of blood pressure, men, individuals with high SSR and obesity predominated. Concomitant pathology and obesity are negative, and dyslipidemia was positively associated with the achievement of the target level of blood pressure, which must be taken into account when developing measures for prevention and treatment.
Blood pressure telemonitoring and remote counseling in uncontrolled hypertension
Authors: Ionov Mikhail V. , Zhukova Olga V. , Zvartau Nadezhda E. , Konradi Alexandra O.
Published: February 2021

Telehealth is a useful adjunct in hypertension (HTN) management. Despite obvious short-term clinical benefit, long-term social impact and cost-effectiveness have not been fully investigated.
Aim. Predictive modeling of long-term clinical and social outcomes and the cost-effectiveness analysis of blood pressure (BP) telemonitoring and remote counseling (BPTM) in patients with HTN.
Materials and methods. A Markov cohort-based (1000 patients in each study arm) model was developed and adopted a 10-year time horizon with 12-month time cycles. Cost and outcome data collected from the three-month study of 240 patients (160 in BPTM group and 80 controls, 48 y.o.). All patients started at a non-complicated HTN well state with a certain possibility of disease progression in a number of health states over a discrete time period. BPTM was compared with usual care in terms of 10-year healthcare costs, quality adjusted life years (QALY) using a Ministry of Health of Russian Federation perspective.
Results. In the long-term run when compared with usual care BPTM was more effective in terms mortality (67 versus 91 patients lost and 9.6 versus 9.71 life years gained) and costs (cost of illness 102 508 000 RUR versus 145 237 700 RUR). Taking quality of life measures into account, the effect of BPTM was also more pronounced (8.31 versus 7.82 QALYs gained). The resultant incremental cost-utility ratio for BPTM was 275 178.98 RUR/1 QALY gained/1 patient (134 837.70 RUR/0.49 QALY/1 patient).
Conclusion. According to the results of predictive modeling, implementation of BPTM into clinical practice is likely lead to reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a cost-effective way.
Features of genetic manifestations in patients with abdominal obesity during atrial fibrillation in combination with arterial hypertension
Authors: Hidirova Lyudmila D. , Yakhontov Davyd A. , Maksimov Vladimir N.
Published: February 2021

Aim. To study the significance of the rs1378942 polymorphisms of the CSK gene and rs2200733 (chromosome 4q25) in the progression of AF in men with AH and AO.
Materials and methods. In an observational cohort study, 116 men aged 4565 years were followed. Of these, 57 patients with AF, AH and AO and a control group including 59 patients with AF, AH and without AO. Testing of polymorphism rs1378942 of the CSK gene and rs2200733 of chromosome 4q25 using polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism. All statistical calculations were performed using the Rstudio program (version 0.99.879 20092016 RStudio, Inc., USA).
Results. The average age of all studied patients was 53.37.1 years. When dividing patients with AF and AH into groups based on the presence/absence of AO, it turned out that in the subgroups of carriers of different genotypes of the rs1378942 polymorphism of the CSK gene there are significant differences in BMI: in the group with BMI, there is an increase in the indicator in the series of CC, AC, AA genotypes. The highest BMI value in carriers of the CC genotype (p0.03) was in the group with AO. In the subgroups of carriers of different rs2200733 genotypes of chromosome 4q25, CC has the highest BMI (p0.05). It was proved that in the group with AO, the progression of AF occurred 2.57 times more often than in the group without AO (p0.003).
Conclusion. In men with AF and AH, single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1378942 of the CSK gene and rs2200733 of chromosome 4q25 are associated with BMI. The heterozygous genotype AC rs1378942 in the CSK gene is significantly more common in patients, regardless of the presence of AO. In the group with AO, the progression of AF occurred 2.57 times more often than in the group without AO.
The asymptomatic microhematuria in the physician’s practice
Authors: Drapkina Oksana M. , Samorodskaya Irina V. , Larina Vera N.
Published: February 2021

The review article presents data on: a) definition of microhematuria and diagnosis; b) prevalence estimation and causes of the asymptomatic microscopic hematuria; c) diagnostic approaches for the first time identified of microhematuria; d) follow-up monitoring of patients with asymptomatic hematuria; e) feasibility of medical screening for microhematuria. The analysis includes recommendations of Russian and foreign urological associations, the results of cohort and observational studies, previous study reviews. The identification of 3 or more red blood cells during microscopic examination should be considered microhematuria. There is no uniform examination algorithm for all patients. The basic principle is an individual diagnostic tactic, taking into account the anamnesis, age, concomitant diseases and risk factors. The purpose of a comprehensive examination is to exclude life-threatening conditions (malignant neoplasms and/or glomerular kidney damage). In some cases, after research, the cause of microhematuria remains unclear and monitoring is required. Routine screening of the population in order to detect microhematuria is currently not justified.
Investigations on the Ulcer protection ability of various extracts of Crossandra benoistii L.
Authors: Suryasree Y  , Nithyakalyani K  , Vijayamma G  , Siddeswari T  , Jeslin D
Published: February 2021

The Benoistii Crossandra L. A widely distributed plant in India and Africa belongs to the Acanthaceae family. The forests of India have traditionally been used by several tribal people. This plant is home to many forests in India and is rich in Southern India. In this study, methanol and ethanol leaf extracts were tested for antiulcer activity following the folklore reports of antimicrobial activity. Methanolic and aqueous extracts were studied and proven to be equally effective in prevention and cure of ulcers for synthetic medicines. The CBME and CBEE inhibits were at 400 mg/kg higher than normal and the lower doses of 200 mg/kg still appeared to be the same operation as the standard one. The higher dose of the extracts was supposed to lead to greater activity. With the maximal dose of 2000mg/kg, the UD50 is raised, and the above limits contribute to an even greater dose than the one seen in the process. Given the side effects of prescription medications, it is strongly recommended to use natural medicines for the ulcer. Much phytochemical study has been carried out on the plant and the same number of feedings has so far been isolated. It demands that the latest medicine provision be implemented in order to include plant extracts to cure all diseases.
Modern Model of Church-State Relations in the Lower Volga Region as a Mechanism for Ensuring Religious Security
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Slobozhnikova V. S. , Makovsky A. A. ,   Pskov State University
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes modern models of church-state relations in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of the Lower Volga region as a mechanism for ensuring religious security in a post-secular environment. The issue has been studied basing on the research array formed by regional scientists. The data obtained during the author's expert interview (spring 2020) of the representatives of the establishment, public figures, and ministers of religious worship have also been used. The authors assume that church-state relations are a set of conditions and factors designed to create a direct or indirect impossibility for religiosity to harm national interests and religiosity itself. The study focuses on the practical, institutional and organizational, normative and legal, and ideological and value components of the model of church-state relations. The paper also gives reason to the assumption that a partnership model is being formed in the Lower Volga region at the present stage, which is characterized by a differentiated attitude of state and municipal authorities to religious organizations, bilateral agreements, the presence of permanent and recurrent institutional practices involved in the regional political process.
Isaac Goldberg’s Political View of the Idea of a Constituent Assembly
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Goldfarb S. I.
Published: February 2021

The paper has presented social and political scene in Siberia in the early XX century in the context of social and political movements’ activities. Democratic principles of building a sustainable administration through establishing a Constituent Assembly were the key idea of the activities. I. G. Goldberg was a key player representing Siberian democracy in the paper. Goldberg’s activity has been viewed both as a Siberian Socialist Revolutionary Party’s member, and a social activist. The author highlighted some key issues related to advancing the idea of establishing a Constituent Assembly and internal political struggle resulting from fruitful activity of Goldberg and socialist revolutionaries in Siberia. Peaceful and constructive opposition to the Civil War, Bolshevism’s and Kolchak’s dictatorship, and statelessness were at center stage.
Science Diplomacy as a Priority of State Policy in the Arctic
Authors:   South Ural State University, Gutenev M. I. , Boyko E. V. ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: February 2021

The article considers the phenomenon of science diplomacy as a new form of coop-eration between states to solve global problems in the Arctic. Currently the Arctic region is one of potential geopolitical platforms which the leading world powers focus their special attention on and develop national strategies of its exploration. In the new «Fundamentals of State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic» the development of science and technology for the exploration of the region in the view of enhancing international cooperation is one of the main tasks in the field of Arctic development. According to the authors of the study, science diplomacy should become one of the main tools contributing to strengthening cooperation and reducing the conflict intensity in the region. Special attention has been paid to estimation of the extent of conflict and its dynamics in the region. The article is based on a quantitative study of the relationship between the use of scientific and diplomatic practices and conflict intensity in the Arctic. The methods used in the study are event analysis and content analysis, which made it possible to conduct covariance and correlation analysis of variables. As a result, the model of the relationship between science diplomacy and conflict intensity in the Arctic region was created. The authors came to the conclusion that the use of scientific and diplomatic practices in the Arctic contributes to reducing conflict intensity in the region, strengthening good-neighborly relations with the Arctic States and achieving the goals set in the updated framework of state policy in the Arctic.
Definition of Extremism in Contemporary Scientific Discourse
Authors:   Siberian Institute of Management – Branch of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Ruzavina A. K.
Published: February 2021

The article considers the problems of interpreting the concept of "extremism." Due to the fact that there are no legislative provisions of this term in the Russian Federation, there is a problem of defining extremism as a phenomenon both in the legal and scientific field, which demonstrates relevance of the research. Historical formation of the term, its first references in scientific and political discourse have been considered in detail. The article gives a detailed analysis of the definition of extremism in a legal aspect of domestic and foreign legislation, much attention being given to the advantages and disadvantages of incorporating the concept into the legislation. The author discussed the issue that manifestation of extremism and punitive measures be subject to different legal and regulatory instruments. A detailed review of scientific interpretations of the term by domestic and foreign researchers has been given. The author highlighted and compared different approaches to understanding it. As a result of the analysis, the author’s own definition of the concept has been provided, which takes into account all the aspects, advantages, and disadvantages of the previously described interpretations according to the results of the study. This original definition can provide a deeper and more comprehensive study of the phenomenon of extremism itself and will provide an opportunity of more careful approach to developing methods and technologies to overcome extremism.
Main Types of Vertebrates in Spine Tumors (Prospective Study)
Authors:   Sytenko Institute of Spine and joint Pathology, Academy of Medical Science, Ukraine. 80, Pushkinskaya St., Kharkiv 61024, Ukraine, Korzh M. , Kutsenko V. , Popov A. , Perfiliev O.
Published: February 2021

Damage to the vertebrae as a result of neoplastic processes leads to serious health consequences for people of all ages and genders. Unsuccessfully constructed tactics for the treatment of primary and metastatic spinal lesions are the result of severe orthopedic and neurological complications, which can lead to fatal consequences. To decide what type of surgery to perform, you need to have more information than the type of tumor. To create a rational algorithm for the treatment of patients with loss of spinal support due to neoplastic lesions of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae should consider the features of damage to the anatomical structures of the spinal motor segment and identify the main types of vertebral injuries. The purpose of the study was based on a prospective analysis of patients with spinal cord injuries, and description of the types of vertebral injuries. Material and methods. In the Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. In the period from 2008 to 2017, 264 patients with pathological changes in the spine were diagnosed. The age of patients was from 18 to 81 years. There were 137 men and 131 women. 39 (14.8%) patients did not have vertebral body deformity accompanied by bone edema, 168 (63.6%) patients had vertebral body damage without destruction of other anatomical structures, 52 (19.7%) patients were diagnosed with deformation of the vertebral body with damage to the arches and joints, and 5 (1.9%) patients had damage to the posterior support complex. Results and discussion. As a result of a prospective analysis of patients with spinal tumors, 5 types of vertebral lesions were identified by cancer: 1 – without deformation, accompanied by bone edema and visualized on MRI; 2 – deformation of the vertebral body up to 30% without damage to the posterior wall or with a small defect; 3 – deformation of the vertebral body > 30%, but < 60% with damage to the posterior vertebral wall; 4 – deformation of the vertebral body> 60% with damage to the posterior vertebral wall; 5 – deformation of the vertebral body with damage to the arches and joints. Conclusion. As a result of damage to the anatomical structures of the vertebrae by the tumor process, important morphological features were identified: the degree of damage to the vertebral body; the magnitude of local kyphosis; deformation of the posterior wall of the vertebral body, on the basis of which the types of vertebral injuries are determined
The Peculiarity of Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients with Hypertension Developing Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors:   Zaporizhzhya Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of Health Ministry of Ukraine. 20, Vinter Boulevard, Zaporizhia 69041, Ukraine, Fushtey I. M. , Sid’ E. V. , Ivashchuk V. О.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine the peculiarity of left ventricular remodeling among patients with hypertension developing acute myocardial infarction. Material and methods. The results of the study are based on the data of a comprehensive examination of 477 patients with coronary artery disease: 280 patients with STEMI (ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction), 91 patients with NSTEMI (non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) and the control group consisted of 76 patients with exertional angina (II and III functional class for 38 people). The examination of patients was carried out in the period from 2015 to January 2018 on the basis of the Regional Medical Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of the Zaporozhye Regional Council. All patients (n=477) were comparable in age, social status and gender. The proportion of patients with hypertension was comparable between the groups and amounted to 255 (91.1%) patients with STEMI, 86 (94.5%) with NSTEMI, and 71 (93.4%) patients with stable coronary artery disease. Results and discussion. The development of left ventricular hypertrophy is a long-term process in hypertensive patients. At first, there is a change in the geometry of the left ventricle, since during systole the ventricle tends to take a spherical shape. Further, dilatation of cavities, hypertrophy and an increase in the mass of the left ventricular myocardium, replacement of the myocardium with fibrous tissue develop. Whereas in patients with acute myocardial infarction, due to acute myocardial ischemia, thickening of the myocardial wall is associated with interstitial edema occurs rather quickly. These important factors make it difficult to compare different studies and to reliably identify patients with true left ventricular hypertrophy. Therefore, left ventricular myocardium mass index should be determined as early as possible in patients with hypertension after the development of acute myocardial infarction, in order to interpret the obtained data. Сonclusion. Ischemic heart disease is often associated with essential hypertension, more than 90% of patients with acute myocardial infarction developed essential hypertension. It was determined that eccentric and concentric left ventricular hypertrophy prevailed among those examined on the first day of hospitalization and was due to the presence of hypertension
Condition of Periodontal Tissues in Pregnant Women of Different Age Groups
Authors:   Lviv Danylo Halytskyi National Medical University. 69, Pekarskaya St., Lviv 79010, Ukraine, Pasichnyk M. A. , Furdychko A. I. , Gorban I. I. , Fedun I. R. , Ilchyshyn M. P.
Published: February 2021

There are numerous domestic and foreign studies of periodontal disease in pregnant women, but there are still a number of unresolved issues. The data about the development of periodontal tissue diseases in pregnant women in terms of age is not enough. The purpose of this work was to study the development of periodontal disease in pregnant women in different age groups. Material and methods. A survey of 83 women in the ІІ and ІІІ trimesters of pregnancy, aged 19-45 years, was divided into three groups according to age. Group I (34 people) included pregnant women aged 19-25 years, group II (29 people) had pregnant women aged 26-35 years, group III (20 people) comprised pregnant women aged 36-45 years. Periodontal and hygienic indices were determined to assess the clinical signs of periodontal disease (to assess the clinical signs of periodontal disease, periodontal and hygienic indices were determined (papillary-marginal-alveolar index, degree of bleeding gums, Schiller-Pisarev test, numerical value of Schiller-Pisarev test – Svrakov's number and simplified index of cavity hygiene). Results and discussion. The obtained results indicated a high level of periodontal disease in pregnant women. Periodontal disease was found in 74.7% of subjects. The study found a significant progression of periodontal tissue pathology in pregnant women over 26 years of age, indicating that women in this age group were at significant risk of periodontal disease. The obtained data indicated that the value of the bleeding index was the lowest in pregnant women with periodontal disease of group I, and the highest in women of group III. The value of the PMA index differed 1.3 times (p˂0.05) in pregnant women of groups I and II, 1.2 times (p˂0.05) in women of groups II and III, and 1.5 times (p˂0.05) in pregnant women of groups I and III. In addition, the likelihood of developing periodontal disease increased with age of women. Conclusion. The values of the Svrakov's number had a similar tendency to increase in age groups, as well as the results of the previously described indices. Hygiene in pregnant women of all ages who had periodontal disease was not very good. Thus, special attention should be paid to the timely diagnosis, treatment and prevention of periodontal disease in pregnant women, taking into account their age
The Relationship between Modification of Food Presentation and Changes in Appetite of Toddler Children at Puskesmas Mojo Surabaya
Authors: Anggraini Refida Fitria , Ananditha Aries Chandra , Aminoto Latifiyan Nurnaningtiyas , Illiandri Oski
Published: February 2021

Background: Modification of food presentation is one way to attract toddlers to increase their appetite with attractive colors or cute shapes to increase the child's appetite. Modification of food presentation can also affect appetite changes in children under five, so it takes a unique and exciting food creation that can be an attraction/pleasure for children under five to increase appetite. Children's stability under five depends a lot on their parents or caregivers because the parents must be the main scourge / main factor in increasing the child's appetite. So, it can be said that the development of children under five is very dependent on how their parents manage their child's food—providing a variety of foods, especially vegetables, which children usually do not like so that they become liked by them. There are many things or ways to attract toddlers to like vegetables, namely by adding side dishes that have been mixed with vegetables and rice that can be cooked and mixed with coloring from the vegetables themselves. Objective: To explore the relationship between food presentation modification and appetite changes for children under five at Puskesmas Mojo Surabaya.Method: Analytical Cross-Sectional Observational Research DesignResult: Most of the modification of food presentation for children under five at Puskesmas Mojo Surabaya received it well. Changes in appetite for children under five at Puskesmas Mojo Surabaya are mostly changes in appetite.Conclusion: There is a relationship between modification of food presentation and appetite changes for children under five at Puskesmas Mojo Surabaya.
Screening for Candida auris in patients admitted to eight intensive care units in England, 2017 to 2018
Authors: Sharp Ashley , Muller-Pebody Berit , Charlett Andre , Patel Bharat , Gorton Rebecca , Lambourne Jonathan , Cummins Martina , Alcolea-Medina Adela , Wilks Mark , Smith Robin , Mack Damien , Hopkins Susan , Dodgson Andrew , Burns Phillipa , Perera Nelun , Lim Felicia , Rao Gopal , Khanna Priya , Johnson Elizabeth , Borman Andrew , Schelenz Silke , Guy Rebecca , Conneely Joanna , Manuel Rohini J , Brown Colin S
Published: February 2021

Background

Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen associated with bloodstream, wound and other infections, especially in critically ill patients. C. auris carriage is persistent and is difficult to eradicate from the hospital environment.

Aim

We aimed to pilot admission screening for C. auris in intensive care units (ICUs) in England to estimate prevalence in the ICU population and to inform public health guidance.

Methods

Between May 2017 and April 2018, we screened admissions to eight adult ICUs in hospitals with no previous cases of C. auris, in three major cities. Swabs were taken from the nose, throat, axilla, groin, perineum, rectum and catheter urine, then cultured and identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Patient records were linked to routine ICU data to describe and compare the demographic and health indicators of the screened cohort with a national cohort of ICU patients admitted between 2016 and 2017.

Results

All C. auris screens for 921 adults from 998 admissions were negative. The upper confidence limit of the pooled prevalence across all sites was 0.4%. Comparison of the screened cohort with the national cohort showed it was broadly similar to the national cohort with respect to demographics and co-morbidities.

Conclusion

These findings imply that C. auris colonisation among patients admitted to ICUs in England is currently rare. We would not currently recommend widespread screening for C. auris in ICUs in England. Hospitals should continue to screen high-risk individuals based on local risk assessment.
Everyday Life of White–Guard Omsk in the Lens of American Camera (1919): Revisiting Attribution of a Little–Known Source
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Historical Archive of the Omsk Region, Omsk, Russian Federation, Stelmak Maksim M. , Petin Dmitry I. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Historical Archive of the Omsk Region, Omsk, Russian Federation
Published: February 2021

In 2000s there appeared in the Internet video materials on the Civil War in Russia made by military journalists of the Allied Intervention. Most noteworthy of these is a newsreel made by the American military mission in January–February 1919. Of particular interest is it part shot in Omsk. Although it is of great informative value, the researchers have overlooked this historical newsreel; its analysis and scientific attribution have not been made. The authors have rectified this by conducting a study involving various historical sources, scientific literature and memoirs. The study has resulted in the description of buildings and places on the film in accordance with its video sequence. It also provides a detailed explanation on agencies housed in the buildings in 1919, when Admiral A. V. Kolchak’s government was in power, and on their current holders. Attribution of the American newsreel, which captured Omsk in 1919, allows to reconstruct daily life of this provincial city and once-upon-a-time capital of anti-Bolshevik Russia. The analysis highlights subjects that were of most interest to the American allies. The reel shows different sides of everyday life in White Omsk, of the Supreme ruler and of the refugees. At the same time, it provides some specific, yet important to historians, details of Omsk urbanism of a hundred years ago. Visual sources are rarely used by researchers of the Civil War. Thus, the publication is of immediate interest to military historians studying the Civil War and Allied Intervention, as well as experts in the history of Siberia, source studies, and history of everyday life.
Attitude of the Kazan Gubernia Peasants towards Women's Primary Education: The Second Half of the 19th — Early 20th Century
Authors:   Kazan State Power Engineering University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Zheleznyakova Yulia E.
Published: February 2021

This article focuses on the problem of peasants’ attitude towards female education in rural schools of the Kazan gubernia. The author draws on a variety of archival and published sources: documents of management and record keeping of institutions responsible for schools functioning, statistical data, periodicals, etc. In pre-revolutionary Russia, peasants constituted the vast majority of the population. This fully applies to the Kazan gubernia, one of Russian agricultural regions. The specificity of the gubernia was in its multi-ethnic and multi-confessional population structure: the Russians, the Tatars, the Chuvash, the Mari, the Mordvins, the Udmurt, etc. An important factor in Russian modernization of the second half of the 19th - early 20th century was Zemstvo school, a significant sociocultural institution contributing to spiritual well-being and material welfare of the masses. It promoted basic literacy and, more importantly, inclusion of millions of liberated peasants into civil life. Expansion of the Zemstvo schools network was a step towards universal primary education. Zemstvo also attempted to solve the so-called “women’s question.” Believing that woman should be full member of the society, Zemstvo delegates sought to make primary education universal. The majority of rural schools in the Kazan gubernia were Zemstvo schools, where children of both sexes were trained, but for a long period of time boys predominated. For a long time it was believed that a woman does not need literacy, it was deemed a luxury. Farmers’ views on the education of girls and women changed over time, awareness of the need for their training grew. A noticeable progress occurred in the days of the Russo-Japanese War and World War I.
“The Drivers Will Then Step On Their Starters.” Problems of Training the Red Army Armored Forces in Late 1930s
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kilichenkov Aleksei A.
Published: February 2021

Drawing on the yet unknown to researchers documents from the fonds of the Russian State Military Archive, the author assesses the qualification of the designated and cadre personnel of the Red Army tank troops in late 1930s. The peculiarity of documents involved is that they are reports of the NKVD special departments, which in addition to their direct duties informed the national command authority of the real circumstances in the armed forces. At this, the attention of special departments was focused on the shortcomings and disqualification of the units and formations command. The article examines reports of the special department for the Leningrad Military District, which informed the national military authority of the virtual disruption of the tank reserve commanders training and of failures in the maneuvers of regular units. The events of September 1939, associated with the campaign in Eastern Poland, demonstrated true levels of the Red Army combat efficiency. This was especially the case of designated personnel and equipment mobilization and of reserve soldiers and commanders qualification. Analysis of the reports on the armored troops’ field activity reveals acute problems of command and control over the armed forces interactions with the national economic enterprises in the process of mobilization. The mobilization dragged on. The troops received useless tractors, automobiles and supporting means, and ill-trained personnel, and thus the effectiveness of units and formations was thwarted. These flaws in aggregate sprang from the Red Army command underestimating the complexity of mobilization and training of both reserve and cadre personnel of the Army units and formations. However, reporting documents on the performance in Poland showed optimism and gave assurances in the Army power to execute any order, which could but confuse the Soviet leaders’ assessment of war preparedness.