bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences of alt-ast level and snail gene expression between patients with metastasis and non-metastasis colorectal cancer
Authors: Satriyo Chrisna Budi , Susanto Hendra , Handaya Adeodatus Yuda , Setiawan Nurcahya , Sofii Imam , Barmawi Agus
Published: July 2023

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant epithelial tumour in the colon and rectum, and its main cause is distant metastasis. The main process of distant metastasis is the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that may cause mesenchymal phenotype and malignant capabilities of tumour cells. Then it is regulated by one of transcription factors, the Snail.Objective: This study aims to determine differences between Snail gene expression in CRC that has not metastasized and Snail gene expression in CRC that has metastasized. Methods: The subjects of this study consisted of two groups of patients. The first group consisted of 20 patients with CRC (tumour), and the second group consisted of 12 patients with CRC with metastasis (metastasis tumour). The Snail gene expression was measured in both groups by using the RT-qPCR method and supported by laboratory examination to measure ALT and AST. Then all obtained data were analysed by using a statistical software analysis.Results: This study indicated that there were differences of the Snail gene expression between both the groups, and the highest expression was in the metastatic tumour group with a significance level of 0.002 (p<0.05). This was also supported by AST and ALT which were significantly correlated between both the groups. The correlation value on the AST was 0.506 with a significance level of 0.003, and the ALT correlation value was 0.532 with a significance level of 0.002. Conclusion: This study suggested that the Snail was a potential marker of metastasis in the CRC. Therefore, further research is needed to determine the role of Snail regulation in the CRC metastasis.
Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of haemorrhagic stroke outcomes
Authors: Setiarini Rohmania , Subagya  , Setyopranoto Ismail
Published: July 2023

Background: Haemorrhagic stroke causes high disability and mortality. Moreover, the prevalence is increasing. There is evidence of the involvement of the inflammatory process in haemorrhagic strokes. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a strong and easily assessed marker of inflammation. Objective: This study aims to determine the NLR during hospital admission as a predictor of neurological deterioration in acute haemorrhagic strokes.Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study. The subjects were acute haemorrhagic stroke patients treated at the Stroke Unit of the RSUP Dr. Sardjito between March and November 2018. The demographic and laboratory test data, including NLR and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) measurement upon admission, were investigated. Logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors of neurological deterioration.Results: A total of 65 haemorrhagic stroke patients were included in this study. There were 21 subjects experiencing neurological deterioration, and 44 subjects did not. In bivariate analysis, there was a significant association between hyperglycaemia and neurological deterioration (RR=3.073; 95%CI=1.772-5.329; p=0.011). Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) at admission was significantly associated with neurological deterioration (RR=2.732; 95%CI=1.455-5.131; p=0.006) as well as the NLR (RR=3.750; 95%CI=1.229-9.4441; p=0.005). The logistic regression results demonstrated that the variables that independently influenced neurological deterioration were NLR (RR= 4.424; 95%CI=1.196-16.369; p=0.026) and GCS (RR=7.461; 95%CI=1.711-32.526; p=0.007).Conclusion: High NLR can predict deterioration in acute haemorrhagic stroke.
Effects of high glucose, egg yolk intake, calorie restriction, and air pollution on rats’ fat cell
Authors: Mukhtar Diniwati , Royhan Aan , Fitriani Hasna Luthfiah , Marantika Melasari , Salsabila Dita Safira , Fitriyana Lena , Irwansyah Febri
Published: July 2023

Background: Obesity is one of the cardiovascular disease risk factors that cause hypertrophy or hyperplasia of adipocytes. Changes in fat cells have the potential to increase inflammation and insulin resistance. Objective: This study aims to determine the effects of high glucose, egg yolk consumption, calorie restriction, and air pollution on body weight, cell size, and fat tissue weight in rats. Methods: The type of study is experimental and conducted for six weeks. Thirty white male rats were divided into five groups: sugar-treated group, egg yolk-treated group, restricted calorie intake-treated group, air pollutant-treated group, and control group. The cell size and weight of adipose tissue were obtained from abdominal and supraclavicular fat samples.Results: High glucose, egg yolk consumption, air pollution exposure, and calorie restriction were affected by increases in body weight, cell size, and adipose tissue mass (p < 0.05). The cell size and weight of adipose tissue have a negative effect on body mass index. Nevertheless, dietary intervention studies have shown that the size of fat cells decreases after calorie restriction-induced weight loss. Conclusion: The body weight, cell size, and adipose tissue weight of the rats were affected by a high sugar intake, egg yolk consumption, calorie restriction, and exposure to air pollution.
Managing fractures in geriatrics: Current approaches and update
Authors: Sumarwoto Tito , Hartanto Dhimas , Utomo Pamudji
Published: July 2023

Geriatric fractures refer to fractures that occur in older people, typically resulting from low-energy trauma and accompanied by osteoporosis. The bone remodelling process imbalance significantly contributes to age-related bone loss in geriatric, which reduces bone mass, making them more susceptible to fractures. Managing geriatric fractures poses unique challenges due to the presence of other comorbid conditions that can interfere with the healing process. Thus, restoring stability is prioritised over reversing anatomy and biology. The use of medication is often helpful in treating osteoporosis. Diagnosing and managing geriatric fractures is a complex process that requires careful consideration of various comorbid factors associated with older patients. Both non-operative and operative management requires thorough preparation. The primary goal of fracture management in older people is to achieve patient independence. Factors such as age, gender, comorbid conditions, pre-fracture functional abilities, and fracture type can impact the outcome regarding ambulation, daily activities, and quality of life. Therefore, it is essential to consider all these factors while managing geriatric fractures.
The potential of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) in cardiovascular health: A literature review
Authors: Minami Gabriella Stephanie , Lumbantoruan Ellya Catharine , Puteri  , Nuraini Risa , Harianto Joan Carmen , Fahrurroji Andhi
Published: July 2023

Consumption of fast food and sedentary lifestyles has recently developed in society. This activity is one of the causes of various degenerative diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Therefore, efforts are needed to prevent it. Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) is one of the most common types of citrus fruit, with total production reaching 70% of all types. This type of fruit is the most widely produced and consumed by the world’s population. Sweet orange is known for its bioactive compounds that have many benefits in cardiovascular health, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, vitamins C, B1, B2, and B3, glycosides, coumarin glycosides, folic acid, some organic acids, essential oils, and saponins. Flavonoids are components of secondary metabolites that play a role in the cardiovascular system. The main components of these compounds are hesperidin and naringenin. Various studies have shown that these compounds are active in reducing hyperlipidemia, improving endothelial function, acting as an anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic agent, preventing myocardial infarction, and preventing cardiac hypertrophy through various mechanisms with low toxicity.
Relationship between age, education and blood zinc levels, with cognitive function in menopausal women
Authors: Pandhita Gea , Mawi Martiem , Nuryani Mieke
Published: July 2023

Background: The increase in life expectancy results in an increase in the number of elderly, especially menopausal women. Aging can have an impact on the decline of cognitive function. The decline in cognitive function and being influenced by age can also be affected by education and blood zinc levels. However, various research results still need to be more conclusive regarding how much influence age, education, and blood zinc levels have on cognitive function.Objectives: To determine the relationship between age, education, and blood zinc levels with the cognitive function of elderly menopausal women.Methods: This research is analytical research with a cross-sectional design. The subjects of the study were menopausal women aged 60 years and over who was able to walk without help, as well as being able to read and write. Study subjects who suffered from a stroke, heart, kidney, mental function disorders, and used drugs for mental disorders, were not included in this study. Research subjects who met the eligibility criteria were carried out with physical examinations (age, height, weight, blood pressure) and laboratory examinations (blood sugar ad random and blood zinc levels), as well as undergoing cognitive function tests using MoCA-INA.Results: A total of 65 study subjects met the eligibility criteria. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that there was a correlation between the cognitive function of the attention domain with age (r=0.278, p=0.030), the cognitive function of the visuospatial domain with education (r=0.528, p=<0.001), the cognitive function of the language domain with blood zinc levels (r=-0.279, p=0.019) and the cognitive function of the orientation domain with education (r=0.319, p=0.012).Conclusions: The results of this study show that there is a meaningful relationship between age, education, and blood zinc levels, with cognitive function in elderly menopausal women.
Uranium in Waters of The Southern Colorado Plateau: Implications for the Navajo Nation
Authors: Webster Kevin D , Locey Kenneth J , Pelletier Jon D , Credo Jonathan , Ingram Jani C , Klein Barbara A
Published: July 2023

Uranium (U) is enriched in the waters of the southern Colorado Plateau, including waters of the Navajo Nation. The region has naturally occurring U in rocks and a history of U mining which may increase U concentrations in waters. Despite prior research into the concentration of U in the waters of the Navajo Nation, a framework has not been established to understand the variation of U in the region’s groundwater. To this end, we examined data from five studies to establish where and why U is likely to be enriched in waters of the southern Colorado Plateau. We show that U concentrations are related to the presence of U-rich rock bodies, surface elevation, and local aquifer salinity. Additionally, we show that the distance to the nearest mine is a significant predictor of U in water sources. Our work can act as a guide for local water withdrawal, regional water remediation and mitigation efforts, and provides a means for understanding the geographical patterns of U concentration in waters of the southern Colorado Plateau.
The Digital Marketing for Sustainable Development
Authors: Rosário Albérico Travassos , Lopes Paula Rosa , Rosário Filipe Sales
Published: July 2023

A Digital marketing allows brands to disseminate information in a targeted way towards their clients and consumers, making bidirectional communication and interactions between organizations and audiences feasible. This reality not only allows companies to pass on messages about sustainability associated with processes and products with the aim of launching trends and shaping behaviour, but also allows consumers to share their experiences, needs, preferences and expectations. In this sense, the techniques used in the context of digital marketing make it possible not only to communicate products and services but also to show that brands are working to be more sustainable and to disseminate new sustainable trends that help to change consumer mindsets. This research paper employs a Systematic Literature Review with Bibliometric Analysis (SLBA) methodology to explore and synthesize data about how digital marketing can be used to promote and communicate sustainability. In this study, the results show that digital marketing strategies contribute to promoting sustainable development by encouraging sustainable consumption patterns. This scenario is possible by understanding consumer behavior, communicating key messages through the best channels and effectively evaluating green marketing campaigns on consumer attitudes and purchasing decisions.
Histopathological and Behavioral Impairments in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Chronically Exposed to a Cocktail of Fipronil and Pyriproxyfen
Authors: Robea Madalina Andreea , Petrovici Adriana , Ureche Dorel , Nicoara Mircea Nicusor , Ciobica Alin Stelian
Published: July 2023

Background: Lately, the high incidence of pesticide usage has attracted everyone's interest due to the serious effects produced. Fipronil (FIP) is a phenylpyrazole compound that acts on the insect’s GABA neurotransmitter by inhibiting its activity. Moreover, literature reports highlight its impli-cation in neurodevelopmental abnormalities and oxidative stress production in different organisms. Similarly, pyriproxyfen (PYR) is known to affect insects’ activity by mimicking the natural hormones involved in the maturation of the young insects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of these pesticides’ mixture on zebrafish tissues and behavior. Methods: To assess the in-fluence of this cocktail on zebrafish, three groups of animals were randomly selected and exposed to 0, 0.05 and 0.1 mg L-1 FIP and PYR mixture for 5 days. The fish were evaluated daily by the T-maze tests as locomotor activity and dark-light test and recorded for 4 minutes. The data was quantified using the EthoVision software. Results: Our results indicated significant changes in locomotor ac-tivity parameters showing increased levels following exposure to the mixture of FIP and PYR. On the other hand, the mixture also triggered anxiety in the zebrafish, which spent more time in the light area than in the dark. In addition, mixture-induced histological changes were observed in the form of numerous hemosiderin deposits found in various zebrafish tissues. Conclusions: The cur-rent findings indicate that the mixture of FIP and PYR can have considerable consequences on adult zebrafish and may promote or cause functional neurological changes in addition to histological ones.
Addition Formula of the Theta Function and Square Sums Theorem
Authors: Zhai Hong Cun
Published: July 2023

Jacobian theta function identities are related to the Addition formula for the Weierstrass 1 Sigma function. In this paper, from the Addition formula for Weierstrass Sigma function, new and 2 simple proofs of four square sums theorem are given. Using the addition formula of the theta func- 3 tions, we also give simple proofs of two square sums and eight square sums theorem.
Carbonized Melamine Cyanurate as a Palladium Catalyst Support for the Dehydrogenation of N-heterocyclic Compounds in LOHC Technology
Authors: Koskin Anton P. , Larichev Yurii V. , Stepanenko Sergey A. , Dubinin Yury V. , Ayupov Artem B. , Suprun Evgeny A. , Yeletsky Petr M.
Published: July 2023

In this work, the use of graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with improved texture characteristics for the synthesis of supported palladium catalysts of dehydrogenation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles was studied. This process is key to the creation of liquid organic carrier technology (LOHC) using N-heterocycles as reversibly hydrogenated/dehydrogenated substrates. For the preparation of g-C3N4-mca supports with advanced textural characteristics, well-established technology of the melamine cyanurate complex carbonization and standard techniques of adsorption precipitation together with wet impregnation were used for the synthesis of Pd-containing systems. The activity of the synthesized catalysts was studied in decahydroquinoline dehydrogenation. The high weight content of extractable hydrogen (7.2 wt %) and the high extraction rate, respectively, make it possible to consider these substances as the most promising N-heterocyclic compounds for this technology. It was shown that an increase in the specific surface area of g-C3N4 allows for achieving a slightly lower, but comparable fineness of palladium particles for the 1 wt% Pd/MCA-500 sample, compared to the standard 1 wt% Pd/C. In this case, the catalytic activity of 1 wt% Pd/MCA-500 in dehydrogenation of both substrates exceeded the analogous parameter for catalysts supported by nitrogen free supports. This regularity is presumably associated with the electron-donor effect of surface nitrogen, which favorably affects the dehydrogenation rate as well as the stability of catalytic systems.
Sustainable Development of Batik Industry: A Literature Review
Authors: Hatammimi Jurry , Gunawan Arien Arianti
Published: July 2023

Although the contribution of the Indonesian batik industry is quite significant, its activities also lead to environmental damage. There is thus a need to develop procedures and tools to achieve sustainability and Green Industry Standards. Before doing so, it is important to conduct a systematic literature review regarding this topic. This study investigates the existing research and debates relevant to sustainability in the batik sector. Therefore, this study provides an understanding of responsible batik consumption and production activities. After reviewing 42 papers from 593 generated results, the batik production aspect is the most dominant aspect analysed by the papers, with production waste being the most-discussed topic. There are opportunities to update the research on the batik production aspect, enrich the discussion about the organisation and marketing aspects, and begin to examine the finance-related aspect regarding the sustainable batik theme.
Isolation and Identification of Pathogens Caused Fruit Rot of Zucchini in Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Yang Yongqing , Li Zhengnan , Sun Hongxia , Jian Caiyuan , Zhang Qingping , Li And Ziqin
Published: July 2023

Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) is an important crash crop for producing seeds in Inner Mongolia, China. In August 2021, the harvest season of seed-producing zucchini, fruit rot symptom (cv. Jindi No.1) was found in the Wuyuan region. The incidence of infected fruits of zucchini ranged from 10% to 30% and symptom consisted in 4 to 5 cm diameter lesions where the fruit was in contact with the soil. Ten isolations from six symptomatic fruits were preliminary classified as Fusarium species based on its morphological characters in potato dextrose agar. Phylogenetic tree was constructed by concatenating TEF-1α and RPB2 gene and exhibited the isolates clustered together with the Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae sequences. Pathogenicity tests revealed that two isolates caused over 3 cm diameter lesions on the fruits while negative-controls remained asymptomatic. The colonies reisolated from the leasions were morphologically identical to the original isolates, thus fulfilling Koch’s postulates. Results demonstrated that F. solani f. sp. cucurbitae was the causal agent of fruit rot observed in the field. To our knowledge, this is the first report of fruit rot of seed-producing zucchini caused by F. solani f. sp. cucurbitae in Inner Mongolia, China.
Landscape Dynamics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Cold Temperate Forest Moose Habitat in the Great Khingan Mountains
Authors: Sun Shiquan , Hong Yang , Guo Jinhao , Zhang Ning , Zhang Minghai
Published: July 2023

The change of habitat pattern is one of the key factors affecting the survival of moose population. The study of habitat landscape pattern is the key to protect Chinese cold temperate forest moose population and monitor the global distribution of moose. By means of MaxEnt model, landscape index calculation and ecological risk assessment model, combined with field survey and infrared camera monitoring data from April 2014 to January 2023, the author evaluated the habitat suitability of moose population in Nanwenghe National Nature Reserve of the Great Khingan Mountains, and divided the range of moose habitat based on the logical threshold of the model. The landscape pattern index of moose habitat was calculated by Fragstats software and a landscape ecological risk assessment model was established to analyze the landscape pattern and ecological risk dynamic changes of moose habitat in 2015 and 2020. The results showed that under the premise of global warming, the habitat landscape contagion index decreased by 4.53 and the split index increased by 4.86 from 2015 to 2020. In terms of ecological risk: the area of low ecological risk areas increased by 0.88%; the area of medium ecological risk areas decreased by 1.11%; and the area of higher ecological risk areas increased by 0.23%. The fragmentation risk of landscape pattern of moose habitat tends to increase, the preferred patch type is dispersed, the degree of aggregation is low, and the risk of patch type transformation increases. And the middle and high ecological risk areas are mainly concentrated in the river area and its nearby forests, showing a fine and scattered distribution. Under the interference of global warming and human activities, the fragmenta-tion trend of moose habitat in the study area is increasing, and the habitat quality is declining, which is likely to cause moose population migration. For this reason, the author believes that the whole cold temperate forest is likely to face the risk of increasing the transformation trend of dominant patch types in the cold temperate coniferous forest region mainly caused by global warming, resulting in an in-crease in the risk of habitat fragmentation. While the distribution range of moose is reduced, it has a significant impact on the diversity and ecological integrity of the whole cold temperate forest ecosystem. This study is helpful for human beings to strengthen their awareness of forest and river protection, avoid further intervention in more human activities, and formulate a reasonable plan for forest protec-tion and sustainable development in cold temperate zones. to provide theoretical reference for effective monitoring and protection of cold temperate forest and moose population dynamics.
A Study of Factors Related to Hope, Depression, and Quality of Life in Dialysis Patients
Authors: Hsu Shan-Yu , Huang Hsin-Shu
Published: July 2023

This is a survey study that dialysis patients were randomly sampled from a medical center in northern Taiwan, and those who gave their consent to participate were included in this study. The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between depression, hope, and quality of life of dialysis patients. All subjects agreed to take "Beck’s Depression Inventory", " The Chinese version of Herth Hope Index" and " The Chinese version of Kidney Disease Quality of Life" (KDQOL-SFTM). Data were processed using SPSS for descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that patients were 12.45±SD 9.03, which was mild depression, the mean score of hope was 34.25, which was equivalent to 72.60%, and was at the middle level. In KDQOL-SFTM, the score in mental composite (M=42.65, SD=8.81) was higher than in physical composite (M=37.38, SD=9.28), and the score was at the intermediate quality of life, and hope and depression were significantly and negatively correlated. This study suggests that dialysis case managers provide nursing guidance to help dialysis patients learn comfortable care methods and support the resilience they need.
Immune Modulatory Long-Non-Coding RNA as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Cancer
Authors: Moises Martinez-Castillo , Hamoda Abdelrahman , Paola Amero , Cristian Rodríguez-Aguayo
Published: July 2023

The noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are small transcript sequences that do not encode proteins but participate in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level playing important biological roles such as proliferation and differentiation. In the tumor microenvironment, the dysregulated immunological response can participate in the progression and negative phenotype of cancer, the variability of switch cell differentiation and activation of the different immune cell lineages showed differential regulation by the type of cancer. Recent evidence showed that the upregulation of lncRNA can be used as a biomarker and predictive indicator for cancer progression. The use of lncRNA to turn off the tumor immune response and activate the anti-tumoral immune response is day by day a promising reality for the control of cancer. However, is imperatively elucidated the role of each ncRNA identified as well as its respective molecular pathways regulated, including the immune checkpoints, before its application at the clinical level. The correct delivery of lncRNA or mimics to inhibit its expression using the most efficient carriers to the cell or cellular organelle is a science that should continue to be developed.
Positioning Antifragility for Software
Authors: Tiwari Achyut , Bhatt Ravindara
Published: July 2023

Antifragility, a concept pioneered by Nassim Nicholas Taleb, has undergone significant development over the past decades. In his work, Taleb describes antifragility as the opposite of fragility—a system that not only withstands stress and volatility but actually thrives and improves as a result. However, many existing systems, including those in Information Technology (IT) and complex economic models, tend to fail under stress. This paper aims to explore the potential implementation of antifragility principles into software architecture. By embracing the concept of an- tifragility, software systems could be designed to not only withstand stressors but also harness them to enhance their robustness and performance. The authors recognize that traditional approaches to software architecture often focus on minimizing failure points and ensuring stability. While these approaches are valuable, they often neglect the dynamic nature of real-world systems and fail to adapt to unforeseen challenges. The paper proposes an alternative perspective that considers stress as an opportunity for improvement. By introducing antifragile elements into software architec- ture, such as decentralized decision-making, self-healing mechanisms, and adaptive resource allocation, the authors argue that software systems can become more resilient, responsive, and capable of capitalizing on stress-induced dis- ruptions. To validate their ideas, the authors present case studies and practical examples of how antifragile software architectures could operate in various domains. They also discuss potential challenges and trade-offs associated with implementing antifragility, such as increased complexity and resource requirements. By shedding light on the possi- bility of embracing antifragility in software architecture, this paper seeks to inspire further research and innovation in creating more adaptive and robust software systems that thrive in the face of stress and uncertainty.
Discovery of TBX20 As a Novel Gene Underlying Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Li Ning , Li Yan-Jie , Guo Xiao-Juan , Wu Shao-Hui , Jiang Wei-Feng , Zhang Dao-Liang , Wang Kun-Wei , Li Li , Sun Yu-Min , Xu Ying-Jia , Yang Yi-Qing , Qiu Xing-Biao
Published: July 2023

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most prevalent type of sustained cardiac dysrhythmia globally, confers strikingly enhanced risks for cognitive dysfunction, stroke, chronic cardiac failure, and sudden cardiovascular demise. Aggregating studies underscore the crucial roles of inherited determinants in the occurrence and perpetuation of AF. However, due to conspicuous genetic heterogeneity, the inherited defects accounting for AF remain largely indefinite. Here, via the whole-genome genotyping with genetic markers and linkage assay in a family suffering AF, a new AF-causative locus was located at human chromosome 7p14.2-p14.3, a ~4.89-cM (~4.43-Mb) interval between the markers D7S526 and D7S2250. Exome-wide sequencing assay unveiled that at the defined locus, solely the mutation in the TBX20 gene, NM_001077653.2: c.695A>G; p.(His232Arg), co-segregated with AF in the family. Additionally, Sanger sequencing assay of TBX20 in another family suffering AF uncovered a novel mutation, NM_001077653.2: c.862G>C; p.(Asp288His). Neither of the two mutations was observed in 600 unrelated control individuals. Functional investigations demonstrated that the two mutations both significantly reduced the transactivation of the target gene KCNH2 (a well-established AF-causing gene) and the ability to bind the promoter of KCNH2, while without effect on the nuclear distribution of TBX20. Conclusively, these findings reveal a new AF-causative locus at human chromosome 7p14.2-p14.3 and strongly indicate TBX20 as a novel AF-causative gene, shedding light on the mechanism underlying AF and suggesting clinical significance for allele-specific treatment of AF patients.
Enzymatic Cleavage of Stx2a in the Gut and Identification of Pancreatic Elastase and Trypsin as Possible Main Cleavers
Authors: Kellnerová Sára , Huber Silke , Massri Mariam , Fleischer Verena , Losso Klemens , Sarg Bettina , Kremser Leopold , Talasz Heribert , He Xiaohua , Varrone Elisa , Brigotti Maurizio , Ardissino Gianluigi , Orth-Höller Dorothea , Würzner Reinhard
Published: July 2023

Shiga toxins (Stxs), and more specifically the Stx2a subtype, are the major virulence factors involved in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (eHUS); a life-threatening disease causing acute kidney injury, especially in children. Cleavage of Stxs A subunit, when followed by reduction, boosts the enzymatic activity causing damage to targeted cells. This cleavage was assumed to be mostly mediated by furin during Stx intracellular trafficking. Cleavage of A subunit, without reduction, changes the binding properties of Stxs for blood components during HUS pathogenesis. To investigate whether the cleavage could occur in the intestine, even prior entering target cells, Stx2a structure was characterized after its exposure to specific host factors present in human stool. The structure of Stx2a A subunit was determined by immunoblotting after electrophoretic separation under reducing conditions. Trypsin and chymotrypsin-like elastase 3B (CELA3B), two serine proteases, were identified as potential candidates that may trigger the extracellular cleavage of Stx2a A subunit directly after its secretion by EHEC in the gut. Whether this observation indeed translates to natural infections and plays a role in eHUS pathogenesis has yet to be determined as well as whether host's protease profile could affect disease development by changing the toxin’s biological features.
Eco-authoritarian Legacy of Burdwan Raj Dynasty and Cultural Praxis for the Sustainability of Heritage Sites and Built-up Eco space in Burdwan Town, West Bengal
Authors: SARKAR KOYEL , Guchhait Sanat Kumar
Published: July 2023

The concept of "Eco-authoritarianism", although appeared in the 1970s, through the writings of Robert Heilbroner, William Ophuls etc., but Eco-authoritarianism as a theory has emerged very recently [1]. In this era of global environmental degradation and rampant defacement of green space in the rapidly expanding cities of developing countries especially in India, historical sites of green belts, or eco-space developed by royal dynasties or colonial rulers are still preserved by eco-authoritarianism and cultural praxis. A lot of such heritage sites and built-up eco-spaces have faded out over time but at the same time, huge numbers are still present due to the imposition of restrictions by the state or national government or statutory organizations. Built up eco-space under Burdwan Raj Dynasty during the 18th and 19th centuries is still preserved almost in its original form due to the eco-authoritarianism outlook of the present stakeholder (The University authority mainly and the Forest Department). People of this urban unit not only feel proud of such built up eco-space; they also give credit to the university authority for maintaining the legacy of the Raj Dynasty. This investigation attempts to capture not only the role of authoritarian legacy for the preservation and conservation of eco-space in the urban context but also clarify the benefits of this eco-space regarding the cultural ecosystem services and outlook of urbanites towards nature. To portray this, both the qualitative and quantitative methods have been applied to glean the whole perspective.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 1.07.2023 г. по 7.07.2023 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: July 2023

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 1.07.2023 г. по 7.07.2023 г.
Foundation of Diagnosing and Treating a Hoffa Fracture
Authors: Connolly Saoirse , Adler-Lustig Mia , Hazzard Sean
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

Hoffa fractures are a rare type of intra-articular fracture characterized by disruption in the coronal plane. They are challenging to diagnose because of the orientation of the fracture and the common radiography views used to evaluate knee pain.

Methods:

A literature review search was obtained with PubMed. Primary and secondary sources were included.

Results:

Hoffa fractures are typically found after highly traumatic events such as motor vehicle accidents or falls from great heights. Hoffa fractures are classified by the Letenneur system, which categorizes fractures into 1 of 3 types. Hoffa fractures typically go undiagnosed on typical radiographs, so CT scans are necessary for proper diagnosis. Physical symptoms can include trouble walking, swelling, and periarticular pain. Conservative treatment is not favorable compared with surgical reduction and fixation. Postop care and rehabilitation can affect the outcome of the surgery and should be closely monitored.

Discussion:

Hoffa fractures often go unnoticed because traumas result in other injuries and might overlook a fracture that is not detected on radiographs especially traditional anteroposterior (AP) or posteroanterior (PA) views. Once they are diagnosed, they are difficult to manage conservatively because these fractures have a slow healing process and may lead to nonunion of the femur. Surgical treatment is the most reliable option regarding healing and returning to normal weight-bearing and activities.

Conclusion:

Hoffa fractures are fractures involving the femoral condyle in the coronal plane, which are more rare than fractures in the sagittal plane and therefore commonly missed. This type of fracture is complicated to assess and treat because of its positioning and is easily missed on standard AP/PA radiographs. Surgical intervention is the best option to ensure the best outcomes.
Orientation: Laying Out the Welcome Mat (or Not) for New Employees
Authors: Platt Clenise
Published: July 2023

A strategic focus and goal for many libraries is to provide welcoming environments for each of their customers. Just as libraries focus strategically on welcoming their customers, it is important that they focus on the goal of providing welcoming environments for each of their employees. One of the first opportunities to “lay out the welcome mat” for staff is with the organization’s orientation. The employee orientation is a one-time event that welcomes new employees and provides a general overview of the organization. The employee onboarding process is a series of events and trainings that allows the new hires to acquire the knowledge, skills, tools and resources to be successful employees in the organization. The orientation is an important part of the overall onboarding process. Research and advisory services firm Brandon Hall Group found that organizations with a strong onboarding process improve new hire retention by 82 percent and new hire productivity by over 70 percent.1 According to Dewar, a scarcity of talent and high turnover are two of the biggest challenges facing organizations today.2 That is why it is important to ensure that organizations design and implement an efficient and effective onboarding process that includes a strong orientation. Thriving and proficient orientation programs are always evolving to accommodate the growth of the organization and the changing times. The way two Virginia libraries redesigned their orientation programs to better serve their new hires and enhance their onboarding process are highlighted in this article. Additionally, strategies to develop a library orientation event that fosters an inclusive environment and supports the mission and work of the library and promotes employee productivity, engagement and satisfaction are presented.
Analysis of SEDESA Farm's Social Media Marketing Strategy Using the PRACE Method
Authors: Kusuma D. Isna Safitri , Andry R. , Arista U. Maria
Published: July 2023

Companies are increasingly interested in adopting digital marketing tactics for their advertising and sales efforts as a result of the growing recognition of digital marketing's significance as a benchmark for global industrial development. This encouraged Sedesa Farm to look into digital marketing for new market circumstances and methods, with a particular emphasis on growing its company towards B2C (company to Customer) sales. Instagram is the digital medium of choice. The purpose of this research is to assess the current status of Sedesa Farm's digital marketing by analyzing the PRACE framework (Plan, Reach, Act, Convert, and Engage), and then to set objectives and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) based on those assessments. PRACE (Plan, Reach, Act, Convert, and Engage) is the methodology used. Based on the findings of this research, Sedesa Farm's present approach to social media promotion has a number of holes that need to be filled. Key Performance Indicator (KPI) for social media Instagram Sedesa Farm includes 1) Reach (Reach and followers (followers)), 2) Act (likes and comments), 3) Convert (content saved and conversation rate), 4) Engage (Content shared, on average) and is based on the following company goals: 1) Build follower conversions and brand awareness; 2) Initiate brand interactions; 3) Increase sales conversions; 4) Reach loyal consumers and initiate brand involvement.
Analysis of the Use of Filter Screen Rubber Compound Straining process with Multivariate Regression
Authors: Suwarno Yuli
Published: July 2023

The rubber compound is processed with a strainer machine to filter out contaminants as a material for making rubber products. The process of filtering the rubber compound with an extrusion-based strainer machine is done with heat to soften and flow the material through the filter screen. This condition will increase the risk of the rubber compound dying (scorching) in the subsequent processing of the rubber compound. The multivariate linear regression model is a regression model with more than one correlated response variable and one or more predictor variables. The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between the use of the same filter screen for the straining process with a certain batch number of straining processes against temperature and time rubber compound scorching. The results showed that the use of filter scree in the straining process and its effect on the characteristics of the rubber compound can be modeled in a multivariate linear regression model following this model [Y ̂_(1) ) Y ̂_((2) ) ]= [78,590+ 3.125X 15.759-1.003X]. The eta square lambda value (η_Δ^2) of 0.925 indicates that the regression model can explain 92.5% of data Based on the multivariate linear regression model, it is possible to calculate the proper replacement period of the filter screen in the rubber compound straining process which increases the efficiency of the rubber compound processing  and minimizes the possibility of the rubber compound dying in the process (scorching).
Comparison of Multiple Linear Regression and Holt-Winter Exponential Smoothing in the Gold Jewelry Pricing Prediction
Authors: Majid Wirawan Khairul , Dzikria Intan
Published: July 2023

One important factor in someone's decision to purchase gold jewelry is the price factor. However, the price of gold jewelry varies from store to store. Therefore, a gold jewelry price forecasting system is needed to assist customers in determining the right time to buy gold jewelry. This study aims to develop a gold jewelry prediction system by comparing two methods: multiple linear regression and Holt-Winter exponential smoothing. These two methods were chosen because the researcher wants to compare which method is more accurate in predicting the price of gold jewelry. The second reason is that both multiple linear regression and Holt-Winter exponential smoothing methods share similarities in using three variables. The three variables in multiple linear regression include period (X1), profit (X2), and price (Y), while the variables in the Holt-Winter exponential smoothing method include level, trend, and season.
Geomorphic assessment of the St. Francis River : between Wappapello Lake and Lake City
Authors: Enlow Holly , Wetzel Nathaniel , Biedenharn David , Haring Christopher , Lamport J. , Raburn Kyle , Girdner Sarah
Published: July 2023

The St. Francis River is a complex system that lies in the historic floodplain of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. The basin has undergone extensive anthropogenic modifications, including reservoir construction, large-scale channelization, and construction of leveed floodways. Several analyses of available gage data, lidar data, and historical research have provided a picture of geomorphic trends and an overall understanding of the river’s stability. The types of analysis used to determine trends included yearly low stage plots, stage-duration curves, specific gage analysis, water surface slopes, and stream power changes. The results from these analyses were synthesized to develop an overall assessment of the reach. Channel cutoffs resulted in a significant decrease in channel length and sinuosity and triggered geomorphic change throughout the river. Immediately following channelization, dramatic decreasing trends in stage were observed for Fisk and Dekyn’s Store, while St. Francis and Holly Island began to aggrade. Slopes and stream power were significantly increased for the upper portion of the study area and showed a decreasing trend for the lower reach.
Engineers in the U.S. Petroleum Production Industry
Authors: Calhoun J. C.
Published: July 2023

What will be the demand for engineers to sustain exploration for and production of petroleum resources in the U.S.? This question is of concern to the U.S. industry as it restructures itself for a future that is highly competitive internationally and is also relevant to the future of academic departments whose graduates receive petroleum engineering degrees.

Predictions of future engineering needs are in principle an extrapolation of past history. This paper attempts to improve the extrapolation by relating the population of engineers to parameters that reflect the total activity of the industry, parameters that are taken from time series published by the American Petroleum Institute (API) 1 for the total number of employees engaged in oil and gas extraction; total footage drilled; total production of petroleum and natural gas energy; and estimated expenditures for exploration, development, and production. The population of engineers within the oil and gas producing industries is not a statistic reported by the API, and a time series for that population is taken from reports issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).2
Immunoprecipitation of APOE-lipoprotein particles with anti-pan-APOE antibodies coupled to Dynabeads for mass spectrometric phospholipidomic and proteomic analyses
Authors: Taanman Jan-Willem , Hallqvist Jenny , Mills Kevin , Ginsberg Lionel
Published: July 2023

We describe an immunoprecipitation protocol for the purification of APOE lipoprotein particles from human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) suitable for subsequent phospholipidomic and proteomic analyses by mass spectrometry. The method describes the immunoprecipitation of eight CSF samples in parallel. The procedure takes two days to complete and involves an overnight coupling reaction. It is possible to carry out several immunoprecipitations of eight CSF samples during the two-day period. The protocol uses 0.4 ml of CSF, 0.025 mg of anti-pan-APOE IgG and 5 mg of Dynabeads per immunoprecipitation, and yields sufficient material for both phospholipidomic and proteomic analyses by mass spectrometry. The protocol typically produces a 15-fold enrichment of APOE relative to albumin (the most abundant CSF protein) and provides reproducible analytical results.
Serum Levels of SIL-2R, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, CRP, ESR, and Fibrinogen in Active and Inactive Young Male Behçet's Patients
Authors: AVCI Ali Osman
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to compare serum SIL-2R, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α levels with serum CRP, ESR and fibrinogen levels in active and inactive young male Behçet's patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involved a total of 40 participants, 20 of whom were healthy controls and 20 of whom were patients (of the 20 Behçet's patients, 12 (60%) were in the active phase and 8 (40%) were in the inactive phase). Only young men made up the patient and control groups because both early onset and male sex are signs of poor prognosis. The ELISA method was used to measure the levels of serum cytokines. The statistical analysis of the derived numerical values employed the Mann-Whitney U Test.
RESULTS: We found a significant correlation between serum cytokine levels and classical acute phase markers in active Behçet’s patients. ESR (P<0,001), CRP (P<0,001), fibrinogen (P<0,001), IL-10 (P<0,001), IL-6 (P<0,001), SIL-2R (P<0,001) and TNFα (P<0,001). There was no statistically significant difference in serum levels of classical acute phase markers ESR (P=0,746), CRP (P=0,476) and fibrinogen (P=0,940) when inactive Behçet’s patients and healthy controls were compared. However, serum levels of IL-10 (P<0,001), IL-6 (P=0,001), SIL-2R (P<0,001) and TNFα (P=0,001) were statistically different between inactive Behcet's patients and the control group.
CONCLUSIONS: Our research shows that even in the inactive phase, serum cytokine levels of Behçet’s patients are much higher than the healthy control group. However, the levels of ESR, CRP and fibrinogen, which are classical acute phase markers, were found at normal levels in Behçet’s patients in the inactive phase. These findings show that measurement of serum interleukin levels will enable us to take preventive measures for morbidity and mortality follow-up of Behçet's patients.