bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SMARCA4-Deficient Undifferentiated Esophageal Carcinoma: A Clinical Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Shweikeh Faris , Hong Gordon , Walter Jacob , Hoscheit Matthew , Lembo Anthony , Lane Jason , Mouchli Mohamad
Published: February 2024

Purpose
Undifferentiated carcinoma of the esophagus (UEC) is a rare malignancy. Deficiency in SMARCA genes, critical for chromatin regulation, has been observed in cases of UEC. Research in UEC is sparse, however, and we present a case series along with a comprehensive review of the literature.
Case Series
Case 1 is a 47-year-old female with abdominal pain and dysphagia and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showing a friable mass at GE junction. Biopsies showed a poorly differentiated neoplasm and immunohistochemistry showed loss for SMARCA4. With metastatic disease, she agreed to undergo palliative chemotherapy and radiation, passing away at 4 months. Case 2 is an 85-year-old male with dysphagia, nausea, vomiting, and distal esophageal mass with biopsy showing a malignancy with loss of SMARCA4 expression. Due to extensive metastases, he was counseled on hospice care. Case 3 is a 50-year-old male with extensive alcohol and smoking history presenting with hematemesis, passing away shortly. Posthumous histopathology consistent with undifferentiated SMARCA4-deficient carcinoma. Results of literature review indicates higher in males (73.9%) and variable age range (39-86 years). Majority (80.0%) reported in the distal esophagus. Metastatic disease common at presentation. Average survival was 2.35 months. Some managed with chemotherapy and radiation.
Conclusions
Research in SMARCA-deficient UEC is very limited. It is more common in men, age is variable, and associated with Barret’s esophagus. Further research is necessary to better understand it and to establish treatment guidelines; however, it is clear that SMARCA4-deficient UEC carries a significantly poor prognosis.
Soil Toxicity Assessment of Fungicide Containing Thiram 80% WP Using Eisenia fetida and Allium cepa as Indicator Species
Authors: Arachchige Harshani Dilrukshi Reparamadu , Gunawardena Medisha Pasan , Bellanthudawa B. Kushan Aravinda
Published: February 2024

Agrochemicals are used extensively in fields to kill pests and weeds which can exert toxic effects on other non-target species including Earthworms and Common Onion. This research was conducted to evaluate toxic effects of a commercial fungicide containing Thiram 80% WP (Wetting Powder) which is dimethyldithiocarbamate on Eisenia fetida (Earthworms) and Allium cepa (Common Onion). Earthworms are better indicators of the health of soil because 60% − 80% of soil biomass represents Earthworms. Allium cepa is considered as an efficient bio-indicator in toxicity testing, because of the rapid root growth rate and cost effectiveness. Acute toxicity of fungicide Thiram 80% WP was evaluated. Eisenia fetida was exposed to five different concentration solutions directly (6 mg/L, 8 mg/L, 10mg/L, 12mg/L, and 14 mg/L) for 48 hours, and in artificial soil (45, 90, 135, 180 and 225 mg/kg) for 14 days and as a control distilled water was used. After the exposure to Thiram 80%, WP mortality of Eisenia fetida increased along the concentration gradient. Overall results indicate LC50 value of 12.636 mg/L and 140.138 mg/kg respectively in solution and artificial soil. In both solution and artificial soil exposure, abnormal behaviour like high movement rates could be observed. Acute toxicity was evaluated to Allium cepa, by 72 h experiment of root growth with a range of fungicide concentrations (40 mg/L, 80 mg/L, 120 mg/L, 160 mg/L, and 200 mg/L) and as control tap water was used. Overall results indicate EC50 value of 22.548 mg/L. According to overall data, tested fungicide Thiram 80% WP can be toxic to non-target organisms when exposed in concentrations below LC50 and EC50 but further chronic and genotoxic evaluations must be conducted.
Genome-wide identification and expression pattern analysis of the GRF transcription factor family in Astragalus mongholicus
Authors: Wang panpan , Wang Zhen , Cao Huiyan , He Jiajun , Qin Chen , He Lianqing , Liu Bo , Wang Jiamei , Kong Lingyang , Ren Weichao , Liu Xiubo , Ma Wei
Published: February 2024

Background Astragalus membranaceus is a plant of the Astragalus genus, which is used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with extremely high medicinal and edible value.Astragalus mongholics, as one of the representative medicinal materials with the same origin of medicine and food, has a rising market demand for its raw materials, but the quality is different in different production areas. Growth-regulating factors are transcription factors unique to plants that play important roles in plant growth and development. Up to now, there is no report about GRF in A. mongholics.
Methods and results This study conducted a genome-wide analysis of the AmGRF gene family, identifying a total of nine AmGRF genes that were classified into subfamily V based on phylogenetic relationships. In the promoter region of the AmGRF gene, we successfully predicted cis-elements that respond to abiotic stress, growth, development, and hormone production in plants. Based on transcriptomic data and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) validation, the results showed that AmGRFs were expressed in the roots, stems, and leaves, with overall higher expression in leaves, higher expression ofAmGRF1 and AmGRF8 in roots, and high expression levels of AmGRF1and AmGRF9 in stems.
Conclusions The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the further exploration of the functions of AmGRFsin plant growth and development.
Solvent Acidity and Basicity Scales: Analysis of Catalan’s SB and SA scales and Gutmann’s Acceptor Number and Comparison with Kamlet and Taft’s β and α Solvent Scales, Gutmann’s Donor Number and Abraham’s B and A Solute Scales
Authors: Waghorne W. Earle
Published: February 2024

The use of experimental parameters to quantify solvent properties, for example in linear free energy relationships, is well established and several scales of solvent acidity, basicity and polarity/polarizability have been developed. The success of this approach raises questions of which molecular properties contribute to particular solvent parameters and whether these contributions are found in all parameters representing a particular solvent property. In the present study Catalan’s hydrogen bond basicity and acidity parameters, SB and SA, and Gutmann’s acceptor number, AN, a measure of a solvent’s Lewis acidity, are correlated with molecular properties derived from computational chemistry. The results are compared with results of similar correlations with Kamlet and Taft’s β and α Solvent Scales, Gutmann’s Donor Number DN) and Abraham’s B and A Solute Scales. The results show that measures of solvent basicity, SB, β and DN all correlate strongly with the partial charge on the most negative atom in the solvent molecule and the energy of the donor orbital and, in all cases the parameter values for hydrogen bonded solvents are anomalous. Abraham’s B, a measure of solute hydrogen basicity depends only on the partial charge on the most negative atom and there is no anomaly in the values for solutes that, in the pure state, form hydrogen bonded liquids. Similarly, all measures of solvent acidity, SA, α and AN, and Abraham’s A, a measure of solute hydrogen bond acidity, depend on the partial charge on the most positive hydrogen on the molecule.
Optimized NiOx deposition for Industrial Compatible Perovskite Solar Modules on 15 × 15 cm2: a Green Route Towards Stable Methylammonium-free Devices
Authors: Castriotta Luigi Angelo , Jafarzadeh Farshad , Calabrò Emanuele , Spinelli Pierpaolo , Giacomo Francesco Di , Matteocci Fabio , Brunetti Francesca , Carlo Aldo Di
Published: February 2024

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have rapidly advanced, achieving over 26% efficiency on laboratory scale. Transitioning to large-scale production, however, remains a challenge due to limitations in conventional fabrication methods like spin coating. This study introduces an optimized blade coating process for the scalable fabrication of large-area (15 cm × 15 cm) perovskite solar modules, utilizing green solvents and performed in ambient air. The doctor blading of nickel oxide (NiOx) as a hole transport layer (HTL) in inverted PSCs is optimized. Using self-assembled monolayers (SAM) between NiOx and the perovskite layer improved the uniformity and morphology of perovskite film. Perovskite solar modules, with 110 cm² active area achieved a power conversion efficiency of 12.6%. Moreover, unencapsulated modules retained 84% of their initial efficiency after 1,000 hours at 85°C in air (ISOS-T-1). This demonstrates progress in large-scale production of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), combining efficiency with long-term stability.
How Technology Impact Supply Chain Performing in the Motor Bike Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Mamun Shahriar
Published: February 2024

The study analyzes the impact of adopting technology on the performance of the supply chain of New Grameen Motors Ltd. The inquiry centered on the incorporation of Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and automation technologies in the manufacturing business, evaluating their impact on operational efficiency, supply chain transparency, and decision-making procedures. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of technology has had a profound impact on the way supply chain activities are conducted. The use of IoT devices enabled the continuous monitoring of data, improving the management of inventories and increasing the accuracy of demand forecasts. Artificial intelligence (AI) enhanced analytics optimized production plans, detected problems in advance, and enhanced operational efficiency. Furthermore, the use of Big Data analytics facilitated the process of generating well-informed decisions, hence influencing plans and customer-focused methods. Nevertheless, the implementation process encountered difficulties, including compatibility problems, significant upfront investment needs, and worries around data security. To address these challenges, it was necessary to provide extensive training to employees, implement strong cybersecurity measures, and develop strategic integration methods. This research highlights the essential need for firms to have a culture that promotes innovation, gives priority to continuous improvements, and encourages strategic partnerships in order to efficiently traverse the complexity associated with adopting new technologies. To summarize, this research emphasizes the significance of New Grameen Motors Ltd finding a middle ground between tackling obstacles and capitalizing on technology prospects. To fully use the revolutionary capabilities of technology in its supply chain operations, the organization should allocate resources towards staff training, enhancing integration techniques, and giving high importance to data security. This proactive strategy will drive the organization towards consistent expansion, increased competitiveness, and improved operational efficiency within the ever-changing manufacturing industry.
Feasibility of transanal minimally invasive surgery when performing sacrectomy for advanced primary and recurrent pelvic malignancies
Authors: Beppu Naohito , Ito Kazuma , Otani Masaki , Imada Ayako , Matsubara Takaaki , Song Jihyung , Kimura Kei , Kataoka Kozo , Kuwahara Ryuichi , Horio Yuki , Uchino Motoi , Ikeuchi Hiroki , Ikeda Masataka
Published: February 2024

Background
This study aimed to clarify the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive transabdominal surgery (MIS) with transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) for sacrectomy in advanced primary and recurrent pelvic malignancies.
Methods
Using a prospectively collected database, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical, surgical, and pathological outcomes of MIS with TAMIS for sacrectomies. Surgery was performed between February 2019 and May 2023. The median follow-up period was 27 months (5-46 months).
Results
Fifteen consecutive patients were included in this analysis. The diagnoses were as follows: recurrent rectal cancer, n=11 (73%); primary rectal cancer, n=3 (20%); and recurrent ovarian cancer, n=1 (7%). Seven patients (47%) underwent pelvic exenteration with sacrectomy, six patients (40%) underwent abdominoperineal resection (APR) with sacrectomy, and two patients (13%) underwent tumor resection with sacrectomy. The median intraoperative blood loss was 235 ml (range, 45–1320 ml). The postoperative complications (Clavien–Dindo grade ≥3a) were graded as follows: 3a, n=6 (40%); 3b, n=1 (7%); and ≥4, n=0 (0%). Pathological examinations demonstrated that R0 was achieved in 13 patients (87%). During the follow-up period, 2 patients (13%) developed local re-recurrence due to recurrent cancer. The remaining 13 patients (87%) had no local disease. Fourteen patients (93%) survived.
Conclusions
MIS with TAMIS could lead to a very small amount of blood loss, a low incidence of severe postoperative complications, and an acceptable R0 resection rate, indicating that this novel surgical approach is feasible for selected patients who undergo sacrectomy. Further studies are needed to clarify the long-term oncological feasibility.
3D reconstruction study of motion fuzzy coded and non-coded targets based on iterative relaxation method
Authors: Shi Yun
Published: February 2024

Robotics and computer vision researchers are struggling to accurately and robustly recreate 3D models of moving objects. This work provides a novel approach based on iterative relaxation for reconstructing the motion of both fuzzy-coded and non-coded targets. To overcome motion blur and the lack of distinguishing characteristics in circular retro-reflective targets, we use Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) for feature extraction and representation learning. To do this, we gather a large dataset of motion-blurred images with circular retro-reflective objects and train DCNN architecture. Through this training, the network learned to discriminate and extract relevant information from targets. After training, the DCNN extracts features from motion images. An iterative relaxation strategy refines the original 3D reconstruction (3D-R) estimations. This approach uses DCNN features and motion temporal coherence to refine estimates constantly. Relaxation assures that the reconstructed 3D motion matches the observed images and enables motion blur uncertainty. The efficiency of the suggested technique in recreating the 3D motion of both fuzzy-coded and non-coded targets is shown by our experimental findings. We demonstrate that our approach outperforms conventional techniques. The suggested technique has the potential for use in computer vision, robotics, and augmented reality.
Experiences and needs of unaccompanied irregular migrant children who arrive in Spain on small boats: a qualitative study
Authors: Berthe-Kone Ousmane , Robles-Bello María Auxiliadora , Fernández-Sola Cayetano , Jiménez-Lasserrotte María del Mar , Molina José Grananero
Published: February 2024

The European Union receives thousands of unaccompanied irregular migrant children every year, but little is known about their life experiences during the migration process. The aim of this study is to describe and understand the experiences of unaccompanied irregular migrant children who arrive in Spain on small boats with regard to their psychosocial and health needs. A descriptive qualitative study was undertaken. A focus group and in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 unaccompanied irregular migrant children from different African countries. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Three main themes emerged: (1) Unaccompanied irregular migrant children: risking it all for a better life; (2) Redefining your identity as a means of adaptation; (3) Obtaining legal status to avoid deportation. Unaccompanied migrant children risk their lives on the migration journey, but do not always find better conditions in the destination country. The unaccompanied irregular migrant children are forced to rebuild their lives at a high cost; they experience rejection from the host society and their culture of origin, which has a negative impact on their physical and psychological health over time.
The Relationship of Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers and Cognitive Performance in Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Cayir Salih , Sadabad Faranak Ebrahimian , Mecca Adam , Matuskey David , Zadeh Arman Fesharaki
Published: February 2024

Objective
Currently available literature on the relationships between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and cognitive performance in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is very limited and inconclusive. In this study, we investigated the association of cognition, as measured with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), with CSF levels of total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau at threonine 181 (p-tau181), and amyloid β 1–42 (Aβ1–42) in a group of patients with FTD and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study with participants selected from the electronic records of patients seen at Yale New Haven Hospital’s Memory Clinic, CT, USA. We included 61 patients, 28 with FTD (mean age = 64.1) and 33 with AD (mean age = 66.8).
Results
T-tau levels negatively and significantly correlated with total MoCA scores as well as the different MoCA index scores in both the FTD (r=-0.469, p < 0.05) and AD (r=-0.545, p < 0.01) groups. There were no significant associations with MoCA scores and p-tau181 levels in patients with FTD (r=-0.224, p > 0.05), unlike patients with AD, who exhibited significant correlations (r=-0.549, p < 0.01). Also, Aβ1–42 levels were not significantly correlated with MoCA scores in either of the FTD and AD groups.
Conclusion
CSF concentrations of t-tau are inversely correlated to cognitive performance in patients with FTD and both t-tau and p-tau181 in AD. These findings provide valuable insights into the relationship between clinical cognitive performance and tau-related pathology in FTD.
Gestión social en proyectos hidroeléctricos: gubernamentalidad y reasentamiento de poblaciones
Authors: Muñoz-Gaviria Edwin Alberto , Muñoz Gaviria Gustavo Adolfo
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo analiza el campo discursivo de la «Gestión Social» de poblaciones reasentadas por grandes proyectos hidroeléctricos. La implantación de grandes proyectos de desarrollo ha venido impulsando los procesos de acumulación capitalista en América Latina. En el sector hidroeléctrico, dicha implantación suele implicar el desplazamiento y reasentamiento de poblaciones y ocasionar múltiples consecuencias adversas para ellas, tales como afectar la base necesaria para su reproducción material y cultural, sus redes de apoyo social y fuentes de ingresos, la modificación de sus formas de vida, entre otros. El debate entre 1970 y 2000 atribuyó la ocurrencia de estos impactos a la ausencia de planes de reasentamiento. Sin embargo, sugerimos que la existencia de planes no garantiza la ausencia de efectos adversos y que más bien pueden ejercer renovadas formas de control social que deben ser consideradas, para comprender los mecanismos que permiten la persistencia de condiciones de desigualdad social y ambiental.
Morphological study of the pancreatic duct system in chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger Molina).
Authors: KUCHINKA JACEK , RADZIMIRSKA MAŁGORZATA , NOWAK ELŻBIETA , SZCZURKOWSKI ALEKSANDER
Published: February 2024

The aim of our investigation was analysis of the morphology of the pancreatic duct system in chinchilla. Investigation was carried out on twenty adult individuals of either sex. Macromorphological studies of pancreatic duct system were performed using colored latex. The histological studies were performed paraffin slides with H&E staining method. Photography documentations were prepared using a Nikon Digital Sight SD-L1 System. The pancreas in this species is formed of three irregular flattened parts or lobes. The main accessory duct was not observed. The accessory pancreatic duct was the only duct to drain pancreatic secretion into the duodenum on the minor duodenal papilla. The histological structure of these ducts does not differ from the general scheme. Our investigation demonstrated significant anatomical variability of the pancreatic duct system in chinchilla which is not always accurately described in literature.
The Survival Strategy of Indonesian Retailers in A Pandemic
Authors: Aisyah Muniaty
Published: February 2024

Transmart, a retail business network in Indonesia, has adopted new survival strategies during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research analyzes whether the health protocol service quality and advertising affect consumers’ intention and decision to shop at Transmart during the pandemic directly and indirectly. A primary data set of 112 samples was analyzed using path analysis with the convenience sampling method. The findings show that the health protocol service quality and advertising directly affect consumers’ intention and decision to shop at Transmart during the pandemic and that consumers’ intention is an intervening variable that mediates both indirect effects.
Perceptions About COVID-19 Disease and Vaccination Against it Among Adults in Lahore
Authors: Jamil Qasim , Khurram Muhammad , Iqbal Saleem Perwaiz , Iqbal Mohammad Perwaiz
Published: February 2024

Background: Vaccination against COVID-19 disease is the best available option for its prevention. However, many people In Pakistan were hesitant to get vaccinated against this disease.
Objective: The main aim of this study was to find out the perceptions of people in Lahore about COVID-19 disease and vaccination against it.
Methods: In a cross-sectional design, a questionnaire comprising of 40 questions was administered to 420 working class adults (18-70 years; both males and females) in Western Lahore with informed consent. Data were analyzed by using various statistical tests including logistic regression. A p < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Eighty percent of the respondents got vaccinated against COVID-19 disease. Protection against the disease was the main reason to get vaccination. The odds of vaccination against COVID-19 was 3.14 times more among assistants (a job level between manager and worker) compared to workers adjusted for age, gender, conveyance, place of living, income, education, and smoking (AOR=3.14;95% CI; 1.49-6.64). The odds of vaccination against COVID-19 was 1.88 more among participants owning their home compared to participants living in rental places, adjusted for age, gender, conveyance, income, education, and smoking (AOR=1.88;95% CI; 1.01-3.49). Similarly, odds of having vaccinated were more than 7 times and 6 times among those with high school education and college level education compared to illiterate subjects after adjustment with covariates (AOR=7.55, 95% of CI; 2.26-25.21 and AOR=5.97;95% of CI; 1.87-19.11, respectively).
Conclusion: Acceptance of vaccination against COVID-19 was quite high (80%) among working middle class adults in Lahore.
Human Resources in Public Healthcare Settings in South Asia in the Last 10 Years
Authors: Javaid Areej , Rahim Sidrah , Minhas Fatima , Sarfraz Fayqa , Mujahida Maria , Aziz Faiza , Afzal Saira , Sadat Umar
Published: February 2024

Human resources are part and parcel of an effective healthcare system. They not only cater to clinical but non-clinical areas of the healthcare system too. Human resources aim to achieve a sustainable healthcare system globally which is a basic right of every livingindividual. Objective: To review human resources densities and their input in the healthcare system. We also aim to look at the management of human resources and governmental policies and how this has affected patient care. Methods: A search string was generated and databases used to search for articles included: Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Pakmednet. PRISMA guidelines were adopted to screen articles and select based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria proposed. Results: Out of 922 compiled articles,16 were selected after screening and eligibility selection. These articles showed the availability and competency of human resources from Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and other South Asian countries. Various problems and issues were examined surrounding human resources for health and the impact this has on care in South Asia. Conclusion: Necessary policies that aim to increase the availability of human resources and their competency by decreasingworkload must be carried out so the density increase in South Asia can be seen for human resources in the healthcare system.
Development and application of a mathematical model for calculating the discharge of non-standard thin-plate weirs in urban combined sewer overflow systems: a case study
Authors: Tang Ming , Wu Yuze , Xie Qianchen , Chen Hui , Xu Wenbin
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study is to address the issue of difficulty in evaluating the combined sewer overflow (CSO) pollution effectively, especially for the monitoring of overflow from non-standard thin-plate weirs (NTPWs). In order to construct a discharge calculation mathematical model (DCMM) of NTPWs in an urban combined sewer overflow system (UCSOS), which can be used to construct a real-time monitoring and early warning system, a physical model constructed firstly for obtaining hydraulic characteristic sets under three flow conditions (free, submerged, pressurized flow). Then, the coefficient function expressions are obtained under three flow conditions through genetic algorithm (GA) fitting, and a DCMM of UCSOS is established subsequently. The results indicate that DCMM exhibits high accuracy, with mean relative error (MRE) at 0.0326, root mean square error (RMSE) at 1.569, and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) coefficient at 0.9387. The DCMM can not only evaluate the discharge capacity under different flow conditions, but also be used to realize reliable and convenient discharge monitoring. Although the DCMM constructed in this case is not universal, the modeling method of combining physical models with GA is an effective new approach to evaluate the discharge capacity of NTPW, which also holds value for application in other cities.
Chemical recovery of magnesium from the Dead Sea and its use in wastewater treatment
Authors: Almousa Mousa , Olusegun Tomomewo , Lim Yeo , Al-Zboon Kamel , Khraisat Islam , Alshami Ali , Ammary Bashaar
Published: February 2024

The objective of this study was to establish a suitable chemical process to recover magnesium compounds from Dead Sea water using a selective precipitation process. The recovered magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) are applicable for wastewater treatment processes since they can effectively remove total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Magnesium salts recovered from Dead Sea water were compared with cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) and inorganic salts, including aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3, ferric chloride (FeCl3), and ferrous sulfate (Fe2SO4) to investigate the removal efficiency of TSS and COD from wastewater using a chemical precipitation method by using coagulation and flocculation process. Results show that Mg(OH)2 yielded the highest TSS and COD removal efficiencies of 59 and 57%, respectively, with a wastewater pH of 11.5. MgCl2 yielded lower removal efficiencies of 46 and 44%, respectively; at pH 10.5, lower magnesium concentration doses were needed. The most effective chemical precipitation method for removal involved cationic PAM coagulants, resulting in an 86% reduction in TSS and a 65% reduction in COD. Combining commercial Fe2SO4 and MgCL2 recovered from Dead Sea water reduced up to 90 and 73% of TSS and COD, respectively.
Preparation of an activated adsorbent from water treatment plant sludge for phosphate removal from wastewater: optimization, characterization, isotherm, and kinetics studies
Authors: Shumiye Eyoel , Nadew Talbachew Tadesse , Tedla Tsegaye Sissay , Getiye Belay , Mengie Destaw Agumass , Ayalew Abraham Getahun
Published: February 2024

Purifying water for diverse uses is vital, but concerns lie with the sustainability and accessibility of purification materials. As such, this study converted readily available water treatment plant sludge (WTPS) into activated adsorbent for phosphate removal in wastewater. WTPS was activated via thermal activation at 300 °C temperature and chemical activation processes of 3 M acid concentration, 4 h activation time, and 75 °C activation temperature, and then characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared, elemental analyzer, and differential scanning calorimetry. SEM and BET analyses revealed a highly porous adsorbent (279.2 m2/g) for efficient adsorption. On top of the activation process, preliminary experiments and numerical optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) were designed and conducted. Through optimizing conditions, it was found that 70 min of contact time, pH 3, 3 g/L adsorbent dose, and 30 mg/L initial phosphate concentration as optimal, yielding 83% removal efficiency. Furthermore, adsorption kinetics and isotherm models were examined and the second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models indicated best fit. Notably, the activated sludge could be regenerated for three cycles before efficiency dropped below 70%. Thus, activated WTPS presents a promising, sustainable, and readily available adsorbent for phosphate removal in wastewater treatment.
Okul Öncesi Dönem Çocuklarının Sosyal Duygusal İyi Oluş ve Psikolojik Sağlamlıkları ile Dijital Oyun Bağımlılık Eğilimleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Yılmaz Hilal , Arslan Emre
Published: February 2024

Bu araştırma okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının sosyal duygusal iyi oluş ve psikolojik sağlamlıkları ile dijital oyun bağımlılık eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışma ilişkisel tarama modelinde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu Rize ilindeki okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden 324 çocuktan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Okul Öncesi Çocuklar İçin Sosyal Duygusal İyi Oluş ve Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği” ve “Dijital Oyun Bağımlılık Eğilimi Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda çocukların sosyal duygusal iyi oluş ve psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu, dijital oyun bağımlılık eğilimlerinin ise orta düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çocukların sosyal duygusal iyi oluş ve psikolojik sağlamlıkları ile dijital oyun bağımlılık eğilimleri arasında orta düzeyde, negatif yönlü ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Buna göre çocukların sosyal duygusal iyi oluş ve psikolojik sağlamlıkları arttıkça dijital oyun bağımlılık eğilimleri azalmaktadır. Çocukların sosyal duygusal iyi oluş ve psikolojik sağlamlıkları ile dijital oyun bağımlılık eğilimlerinin cinsiyet ve günlük ekran süresi değişkenlerine göre farklılaştığı ancak yaş değişkenine göre farklılaşmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Characterization of Heat-labile Uracil-DNA Glycosylase from
Oncorhynchus mykiss and its Application for Carry-over Contamination
Control in RT-qPCR
Authors: Huang Qingyuan , Zhang Yaqi , Hu Wenhao , Chen Keqi , Zhang Jian , Luo Zhidan , Lu Chen
Published: February 2024

Background:

Heat-labile uracil-DNA glycosylase (HL-UDG) is commonly employed
to eliminate carry-over contamination in DNA amplifications. However, the prevailing HL-UDG
is markedly inactivated at 50°C, rendering it unsuitable for specific one-step RT-qPCR protocols
utilizing reverse transcriptase at an optimal temperature of 42°C.

Objective:

This study aimed to explore novel HL-UDG with lower inactivation temperature and
for recombinant expression.

Methods:

The gene encoding an HL-UDG was cloned from the cold-water fish rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus
mykiss) and expressed in Escherichia coli with high yield. The thermostability of this
enzyme and other enzymatic characteristics were thoroughly examined. The novel HL-UDG was
then applied for controlling carry-over contamination in one-step RT-qPCR.

Results:

This recombinantly expressed truncated HL-UDG of rainbow trout (OmUDG) exhibited
high amino acids similarity (84.1% identity) to recombinant Atlantic cod UDG (rcUDG) and was
easily denatured at 40°C. The optimal pH of OmUDG was 8.0, and the optimal concentrations of
both Na+ and K+ were 10 mM. Since its inactivation temperature was lower than that of rcUDG,
the OmUDG could be used to eliminate carry-over contamination in one-step RT-qPCR with moderate
reverse transcription temperature.

Conclusion:

We successfully identified and recombinantly expressed a novel HL-UDG with an inactivation
temperature of 40°C. It is suitable for eliminating carry-over contamination in one-step
RT-qPCR.
Silencing FUT4 Inhibits the Progression of Osteosarcoma through Activation of
FOXO1
Authors: Yang Yang , Yan Xiaodi , Chen YueYuan , Liu Jiajia , Xue Jianhua , Sheng Xiaoming , Qin Jun , Xue Qiang , Liu Xianchen
Published: February 2024

Background:

It has been reported that inhibition of Fucosyltransferase4 (FUT4) to activate Forkhead
box O1 (FOXO1) can lead to apoptosis of cancer cells, however, the mechanism in osteosarcoma is still
unclear.

Objective:

To explore the biological significance of the connection between FUT4 and FOXO1 in osteosarcoma
growth.

Methods:

In vitro tests were conducted using the human osteoblast cell line and the osteosarcoma cell lines.
QRT-PCR assay as well as western blot assay were used to ascertain the relative expression levels of FUT4
and FOXO1 in the cells. By using the CCK-8 assay, colony assay, EDU assay, wound healing assay and Transwell
assay, osteosarcoma cells' ability to proliferate, migrate and invade were examined in relation to si-
FUT4. TUNEL test was used to evaluate Si-impact FUT4's on KHOS and U2OS apoptosis in osteosarcoma
cells. Western blot assay was used to identify the expression of proliferative, migrating and apoptosis-related
protein markers in osteosarcoma cells KHOS and U2OS and the expression of important proteins in the Wnt/
β-catenin signaling pathway.

Results:

In comparison with osteoblasts, osteosarcoma cells expressed more FUT4. The osteosarcoma cells' capacities
to proliferate, invade, and migrate were markedly inhibited by the inhibition of FUT4 expression,
which also increased osteosarcoma cell apoptosis. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was blocked by upregulating
FOXO1 expression, which was in turn inhibited by inhibiting FUT4 expression.

Conclusion:

Osteosarcoma cells express more FUT4. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has a significant
effect on osteosarcoma cell death, and inhibition of FUT4 expression may target FOXO1 activation to decrease
osteosarcoma cells' ability to proliferate, invade, and migrate.
Underlying Mechanism of Traditional Herbal Formula Chuang-Ling-Ye in
the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer through Network Pharmacology and
Molecular Docking
Authors: Geng Jinyuan , Zhou Guowei , Guo Song , Ma Chaoqun , Ma Jiangfeng
Published: February 2024

Background:

Chuang-Ling-Ye (CLY) has been clinically proven to be an effective Chinese
medicine for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU).

Objectives:

This study aimed to investigate the possible mechanism of CLY in relation to DFU using network
pharmacology and molecular docking.

Materials and Methods:

Firstly, relevant targets of CLY against DFU were obtained from TCMSP, Swiss Target
Prediction database and GEO database. Then, topological analysis was employed by Cytoscape to screen
the top 6 core active ingredients and the top 8 hub targets. Furthermore, the OmicShare Tools were applied for
gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)
signaling pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, the results of network pharmacology were verified by molecular
docking method.

Results:

CLY has 61 active compounds and 361 targets after de-duplication, and the top 8 hub targets were
EGFR, TP53, CCND1, IL-1B, CREBBP, AR, PTGS2 and PGR. GO enrichment analysis is mainly related to
signal transducer activity, receptor activity, and molecular transducer activity. KEGG pathway analysis indicated
that these shared targets were primarily focused on AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,
HIF-1 signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Molecular docking
results showed that physciondiglucoside, 2-cinnamoyl-glucose and kinobeon A were well bound with
EGFR, IL-1B, AR and PTGS2.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated that CLY has anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects in the
treatment of DFU through various constituents, multiple targets, and multiple pathways, which provides a valuable
point of reference for future investigations on CLY.
2,5-Diketopiperazines (DKPs): Promising Scaffolds for Anticancer Agents
Authors: Goher Shaimaa S. , Abdrabo Wessam S. , Veerakanellore Giri Babu , Elgendy Bahaa
Published: February 2024

2,5-Diketopiperazine (2,5-DKP) derivatives represent a family of secondary metabolites widely
produced by bacteria, fungi, plants, animals, and marine organisms. Many natural products with DKP scaffolds exhibited various pharmacological activities such as antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, and antitumor.
2,5-DKPs are recognized as privileged structures in medicinal chemistry, and compounds that incorporate the
2,5-DKP scaffold have been extensively investigated for their anticancer properties. This review is a thorough
update on the anti-cancer activity of natural and synthesized 2,5-DKPs from 1997 to 2022. We have explored
various aspects of 2,5-DKPs modifications and summarized their structure-activity relationships (SARs) to
gain insight into their anticancer activities. We have also highlighted the novel approaches to enhance the
specificity and pharmacokinetics of 2,5-DKP-based anticancer agents.
The Recommendation of the Mediterranean-styled Japanese Diet for Healthy Longevity
Authors: Santa Kazuki , Kumazawa Yoshio , Watanabe Kenji , Nagaoka Isao
Published: February 2024

:

The Mediterranean diet, listed as the intangible cultural heritage of humanity by
UNESCO, is known as healthy and consumed worldwide. The Japanese diet is also listed and
considered healthy. This narrative review compares the Mediterranean diet with its Japanese
counterpart. Research has reported that people in Mediterranean regions, such as Italy and
Greece, have one-third of the mortality ratio from cardiovascular diseases compared to people
in the United States and Northern Europe because of the difference in eating habits. Therefore,
Mediterranean diets are considered as healthy. A typical Western diet containing high amounts
of fat, sugar, and calories is responsible for several diseases like metabolic syndrome and obesity,
which are induced by chronic inflammation. In contrast, Mediterranean and Japanese diets
contain them only less. The similarity between Mediterranean and Japanese diets is the substantial
intake of vegetables, beans, and fish. On the other hand, the Mediterranean diet consumes
large amounts of olive oil, especially polyphenol-rich extra virgin olive oil and dairy products,
but meat consumption is relatively small. In contrast, the Japanese diet does not use oil and fat,
contains abundant fermented foods, and consumes seaweed. Japan is known for its longevity,
and people think that a well-balanced diet daily is good for preventing and curing illness. In this
regard, finding non-disease conditions, so-called “ME-BYO,” and curing them before the manifestation
of diseases is becoming more common. In this review, we discuss the healthy eating
habit, “The Mediterranean-styled Japanese diet,” which prevents ME-BYO condition and reduces
the risk of various diseases. The Mediterranean-styled Japanese diet, a hybrid of Mediterranean
and Japanese diets, reduces the risk of various diseases by suppressing chronic inflammation.
This nutritional intervention prevents ME-BYO and is beneficial for healthy longevity.
Hence, a Mediterranean-styled Japanese diet might be helpful for healthy longevity in Japan and
around the world.
The Mismatch between Adult Smokers’ Abstinence Expectancies and Experiences at Outpatient Facilities: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Romaniello Caterina , Abrams Kenneth , Cardellicchio Salvatore , Pezzuto Aldo , Zvolensky Michael , Cosci Fiammetta
Published: February 2024

Background:

Smokers’ expectancies about abstinence, that is the effects that
smokers anticipate when they attempt to quit smoking, remain understudied. The aim of
the present study was to examine the relation between smoking abstinence expectations
and subjective experience over time among individuals in smoking cessation treatment.

Methods:

A total of 215 adult smokers seeking treatment at two Italian third-level outpatient
facilities were assessed at baseline and three-time points after the quit day (QD): 7
days, and 1 and 3 months. The following self-report instruments were administered: the
Smoking Abstinence Expectancies Questionnaire (SAEQ), as a baseline measure of expectancies
before quitting; the SAEQ-past, for assessing the actual occurrence of symptoms
that were expected; the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale, as a measure of withdrawal
symptoms post-quitting.

Results:

One and 3 months after the QD, participants reported fewer negative abstinence
symptoms than expected, except for somatic symptoms, and fewer positive consequences
than expected. A mismatch between smoking abstinence expectations and actual postquitting
experiences was found, thus expectancies were violated.

Conclusion:

The present findings confirm the need to assess both abstinence expectancies
and actual post-quitting experiences. Future studies should examine tailored interventions
aimed at educating smokers about expectancies and post-quitting experiences.
Internet of Fisheries Things (IOFT) for Blue Economy & Ecosystem
Authors: Mohammed Sanusi Sadiq , Invinder Paul Singh , Muhammad Makarfi Ahmad
Published: February 2024

The industry with the fastest global growth is aquaculture, particularly in
developing nations. Studies of control systems, automation, IoT, and artificial
intelligence are becoming more and more prevalent as a result of developments in
information technology and embedded systems in the digitalization era. The 4.0
industrial revolution, which promotes device connection via IoT and AI, is a result of
the swift advancement of science and technology. One of the key factors in the growth
of this revolution is IoT. The fourth industrial revolution is a shift from manual to
automated operations that rely on computer technology. The digitalization of all
industries, including fisheries and aquaculture, must be the first step in technological
advancement toward the usage of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data. The
raising and catching of fish have undergone several changes as a result of digitization
in the fishing industry. The main benefits of digitizing fisheries are those related to
time, money, and labor efficiency. The procedure of digitizing aquaculture can be seen
from a variety of angles, including pre-production (locating cultivation sites using
GIS), production (improving resource efficiency by employing automatic feeders and
water quality testing equipment), and post-production (utilization of digital marketing).
Virtual Reality Therapy for the Management of Chronic Spinal Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Tongtong , Li Xin , Zhou Xuan , Zhan Lixia , Wu Fan , Huang Zefan , Sun Yuxun , Feng Yufei , Du Qing
Published: February 2024

Background

The effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) therapy in adults with chronic spinal pain (CSP) is unclear.

Objective

This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of VR therapy and other therapies in adults with CSP, especially patients with inflammation-related pain.

Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched up to November 11, 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing adults with CSP receiving VR therapy with those receiving other therapies were included. The trial registration platform as well as the reference lists of included studies and previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses were manually searched. Two independent reviewers performed study selection, data extraction, risk-of-bias assessment, and evaluation of the quality of the evidence. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was used as the effect size used to synthesize the outcome measure.

Results

In total, 16 RCTs involving 800 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled data from 15 (94%) RCTs including 776 (97%) participants showed that VR therapy was superior in improving pain intensity (WMD=–1.63, 95% CI –2.11 to –1.16, P<.001, I2=90%) and reducing inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (WMD=–0.89, 95% CI –1.07 to –0.70, P<.001, I2=0%), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (WMD=–6.60, 95% CI –8.56 to –4.64, P<.001, I2=98%), and interleukin-6 (WMD=–2.76, 95% CI –2.98 to –2.53, P<.001, I2=0%). However, no significant differences were found in terms of the spinal range of motion (ROM), disability level, or fear of movement. In addition, 10 (63%) of the included RCTs had a high risk of bias.

Conclusions

VR therapy may be an effective and safe intervention for reducing symptoms in patients with CSP, as it is shown to exert significant analgesic effects and beneficial improvements in inflammatory factor levels. However, this approach may not have significant effects on the spinal ROM, disability level, or fear of movement. Notably, the quality of the evidence from the RCTs included in this study ranged from moderate to low. Therefore, we recommend that readers interpret the results of this study with caution.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42022382331; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=382331
Evaluation of Autonomic Nervous System Function During Sleep by Mindful Breathing Using a Tablet Device: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Togo Eiichi , Takami Miki , Ishigaki Kyoko
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

One issue to be considered in universities is the need for interventions to improve sleep quality and educational systems for university students. However, sleep problems remain unresolved. As a clinical practice technique, a mindfulness-based stress reduction method can help students develop mindfulness skills to cope with stress, self-healing skills, and sleep.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to verify the effectiveness of mindful breathing exercises using a tablet device.

METHODS

In total, 18 nursing students, aged 18-22 years, were randomly assigned and divided equally into mindfulness (Mi) and nonmindfulness (nMi) implementation groups using tablet devices. During the 9-day experimental period, cardiac potentials were measured on days 1, 5, and 9. In each sleep stage (sleep with sympathetic nerve dominance, shallow sleep with parasympathetic nerve dominance, and deep sleep with parasympathetic nerve dominance), low frequency (LF) value, high frequency (HF) value, and LF/HF ratios obtained from the cardiac potentials were evaluated.

RESULTS

On day 5, a significant correlation was observed between sleep duration and each sleep stage in both groups. In comparison to each experimental day, the LF and LF/HF ratios of the Mi group were significantly higher on day 1 than on days 5 and 10. LF and HF values in the nMi group were significantly higher on day 1 than on day 5.

CONCLUSIONS

The correlation between sleep duration and each sleep stage on day 5 suggested that sleep homeostasis in both groups was activated on day 5, resulting in similar changes in sleep stages. During the experimental period, the cardiac potentials in the nMi group showed a wide range of fluctuations, whereas the LF values and LF/HF ratio in the Mi group showed a decreasing trend over time. This finding suggests that implementing mindful breathing exercises using a tablet device may suppress sympathetic activity during sleep.

CLINICALTRIAL

UMIN-CTR Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000054639; https://tinyurl.com/mu2vdrks