bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulatory and Legal Framework for the Development of the Circular Economy in Ukraine
Authors: Mazur Natalia , Kushnir Oksana
Published: December 2024

Ukraine's regulatory framework for the circular economy is in the process of active development, but requires a comprehensive approach that includes both the integration of international standards and the stimulation of domestic initiatives. The main challenges include imperfect legislation, a weak level of business incentives for environmental initiatives, limited financing of environmental projects, and the lack of a single toolkit for implementing circular business models. Military aggression also has a significant impact, slowing down the transition to new economic models. Ukraine is working to harmonize its legislation with EU norms that provide for the integration of circular economy principles. This includes the implementation of European waste management standards, stimulating the reuse of resources, and developing strategies for sustainable economic development. In Ukraine, a circular economy foresight activity has been launched, initiated by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) in cooperation with the Resource Efficient and Cleaner Production Center in Ukraine (RECP Center) within the framework of the EU4Environment program, funded by the European Union with the support of the Government of Germany. The main goal of the circular economy foresight activity in Ukraine is to form a vision of the most appropriate measures for the future of Ukrainian industry, cleaner production and environmental protection. Analysis of the regulatory framework is the basis for determining the key principles, tools and directions for implementing sustainable development and resource efficiency strategies. The article analyzes the main principles of regulatory and legal support for the development of the circular economy of Ukraine, as well as the main tools for its implementation, namely: environmental taxation (the introduction of environmental taxes on pollution, stimulating the use of renewable resources), the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) system and financial incentives. The results of the study show that the prospects for implementing a circular economy are significant thanks to the support of international partners, the development of new draft laws, and the growth of public interest in sustainable development.
Physics of Radiotherapy X-Rays and Electrons, 3rd Edition
Authors: Metcalfe Peter , Kron Tomas , Hoban Peter , Cutajar Dean , Hardcastle Nicholas
Published: December 2024

The long-awaited third edition of this classic text is here! The book is designed primarily as a useful reference for radiation oncology physicists, whether in training or established in their careers. The material is also intended to be accessible to radiation oncologists, dosimetrists, and radiation therapists who want a deeper understanding of the physical principles behind the technology they interact with on a daily basis.Unlike some other texts, this book does not skimp on many key concepts. As such, it is the book many practicing medical physicists pull when they want a detailed, but understandable explanation.The third edition is printed in full color to aid in understanding key imaging and treatment concepts. It includes an appendix with detailed answers to the many study questions asked at the end of chapters and it is also fully indexed.In preparation for this new edition, the authors have been amazed to see so many new technological developments that are relevant for the scope of the book and that impact cancer care in general and radiotherapy in particular. Improved imaging and smarter use of images are the key drivers of many new innovations in radiation oncology covered in the book. The growth and scope of utilizing imaging also explains why two new authors with expertise in these fields have come on board, Dean Cutajar and Nicholas Hardcastle.
Investigation of Road Traffic Accident Trauma Cases: Occurrence and Diagnosis in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alkhateeb Shyma , Doha J. Mandouh Doha , Jastaniah Saddiq
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a leading cause of emergency department admissions, and Jeddah City is no exception. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of male and female patients who sustained injuries in RTAs, considering factors such as age, site of injury, and the optimal diagnostic modality, computed tomography (CT) or X-ray radiography (XR), depending on the nature of the injury.
Methods: Data was collected retrospectively from the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) at the Radiology Department of King Fahad General Hospital (KFGH). Collected data included patient demographics, injury locations, the initial diagnostic modality employed and its findings, and any subsequent diagnostic modality used, if necessary. We investigated the appropriateness of the initial diagnostic modality for each type of injury by comparing the diagnoses obtained from the first modality with those of the second modality.
Results: Data from 200 patients (83.5% males; 16.5% females) was collected. Patients were categorized into four age groups: 16–23, 24–30, 31–60, and > 60 year old groups, accounting for 28.5%, 32%, 36%, and 3.5% of patients, respectively. The most common site of injury was polytrauma with 101 cases (50.5%), followed by head and spine injuries in 64 (32%) and 17 cases (8.5%), respectively. Notably, CT was the most commonly used first diagnostic modality, employed in 88.5% of cases, all cases of polytrauma injuries, and the majority of head (93.8%), spinal (56.3%), and facial (71.4%) injuries. Whereas radiography was primarily used for chest, lower, and upper limb injuries.
Conclusions: Based on our findings, we recommend CT as the initial diagnostic modality for patients with polytrauma, spinal injuries, and head injuries resulting from RTAs. However, radiography remains a valuable diagnostic tool when transporting patients to a radiology department or for follow-up purposes.
Mammogram Reject Rate Analysis and Cause in Regional Hospitals in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ashkar Laila
Published: December 2024

Background: Technical repeats of mammograms cause increased radiation exposure to patients. Therefore, regular quality assurance needs to be established to ensure the standard of performance in any breast center. Reject/repeat (RA) analysis is a subjective evaluation of image quality where images judged to be of poor quality are categorized according to their cause. The aim of this study was to evaluate the total number of rejected mammograms, the most commonly repeated views, and the reasons in a regional hospital in Saudi Arabia.
Method: Retrospective data collection was obtained from the Hologic Selenia Dimensions Digital Mammography System from 1. Sept 2021 to 31. August 2024. A ‘Reject Analysis’ report, including reject rates, rejection causes, rejected projections, and the total number of mammographic exposures, was retrieved from the machine itself. Anonymized, rejected images were then exported and analyzed by the researcher.
Results: A total of 20792 exposures in the 3-year period were included in this study. There were 2475 repeat rejections, translating into an average reject rate of 11.9%. The most common reasons for repeat rejections were patient positioning, x-ray equipment failure, patient motion, and artifacts.
Conclusion: The reported RR rate of 11.9% is well above the <3% acceptable level recommended by most international guidelines, and more research is required to reveal the underlying cause. We believe that regular mammography RA is an effective means for exposure reduction among mammography patients and to continuously improve training programs and maintain the quality and performances of many breast centers.
Ultrasound Characteristics of Thyroid Nodules: Differentiating Benign from Malignant Nodules Using Histopathology as the Gold Standard.
Authors: Khayat Mohammad , Halawani Rayan , Dhahi Turki , Ashour Albaraa , Alahmadi Raed , Almutairi Ali , Alasadi Abdullah , Alharbi Ahmed , Aljohani Asrar , Almowallad Jawaher , Alsarrani Khaled , Aljabri Mosleh
Published: December 2024

Background: Thyroid nodules are a common clinical finding. Accurate differentiation between benign and malignant nodules is crucial for determining appropriate management and treatment. Ultrasound is the primary imaging modality for evaluating thyroid nodules, providing valuable information on characteristics such as echogenicity, size, and vascularity. Despite its widespread use, the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in distinguishing benign from malignant nodules varies, necessitating further research to establish reliable ultrasound markers. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate ultrasound characteristics of thyroid nodules to differentiate benign from malignant nodules using histopathology as the gold standard.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 175 thyroid nodules from 155 patients who underwent thyroid ultrasound and subsequent fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or core-needle biopsy (CNB) at King Fahad Hospital, Saudi Arabia, between 2021 and 2024. Ultrasound features, including echogenicity, size, and vascularity, were recorded and analyzed. The Chi-square test was used for categorical variables, and the Mann-Whitney U test was employed for nodule size measurements.
Results: Out of 175 nodules, 154 were benign and 21 were malignant. A significant association was found between gender and nodule diagnosis (p=0.05), with overall and malignant thyroid nodules more frequently observed in females than in males. Malignant nodules were more likely to be hypoechoic when compared to surrounding normal thyroid tissue than benign nodules (p=0.002). No significant differences were observed in hyperechoic, isoechoic, mixed echogenicity, or vascularity patterns, nor in nodule size dimensions between benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of thyroid nodules echogenicity as a predictor of malignancy in thyroid nodules, while other ultrasound features, such as size and vascularity, did not significantly correlate with malignancy. Further prospective, multi-center research is needed to validate these findings and improve diagnostic accuracy in thyroid nodule management.
Authoritarian Populist ‘Civilization-States’ and Their Influence in Africa: Hard and Soft Powers of TRIC
Authors:   Deakin University Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Yilmaz Ihsan , Morieson Nicholas
Published: December 2024

Turkey, Russia, India, and China (TRIC) are reshaping the power dynamics in Africa, challenging Western dominance and promoting alternative development models. These nations leverage their untarnished histories with Africa and emphasize shared anti-colonial struggles to position themselves as allies of the Global South. However, their competition is far from altruistic. Beneath promises of “no-strings-attached” aid lies a strategic pursuit of resources, trade, and influence. While they share a common goal of diminishing Western power, TRIC nations also compete fiercely with each other, making Africa a critical battleground in the quest for a multipolar world order.
THE IMPLEMENTING INNOVATION PROGRAMME STRUCTURE OF A MACHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, SHUMKIN A.V.
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the Russian economy has faced great challenges that require the development and implementation of a set of measures to effectively and adequately respond to external threats. Innovative activities contribute to ensuring sovereignty in the technological sphere and increasing the import dependence of high-tech industries. In modern conditions of development, the innovative program of the enterprise requires taking into account many factors and market requirements, the study of which on the example of a machine-building enterprise formed the basis of this scientific work. The purpose of the study is to develop a structure for the implementation of an innovative program of a machine-building enterprise. The achievement of the goal is ensured by consistently solving tasks: systematize the structural blocks of the innovation program, substantiate and disclose the content of its elements, the participation of stakeholders, list indicators of the implementation of the innovation program. The main research methods were systematization and formalization. Taking into account the priority directions of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, the structure of the program of innovative development of a machine-building enterprise has been developed. This structure is represented by such elements as structural blocks (problems; goals, objectives and priorities; plans; resource provision; technical and economic indicators and development scenarios; risks), stakeholders, stages and channels of bringing innovative products to market, functional blocks, key factors, local and global optima, as well as indicators of the implementation of the innovation program (market and economic). Such important aspects as cooperation and implementation of the open innovation model, the concept of «windows of opportunity», the principle of Time-To-Market, staffing of high-tech industries are substantiated. A set of formulated provisions that meets the challenges of modern times in the context of sanctions pressure is recommended for use by government authorities at the federal and regional levels of government, ministries and departments in charge of the development of the military-industrial complex and mechanical engineering, innovative activities of manufacturing enterprises in the country.
PROBLEMS OF PROFESSIONAL CHOICE OF STUDENTS GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES AS PLACES OF EMPLOYMENT (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN)
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, IDIATULLINA A.M.
Published: December 2024

Professional choice and professional self-determination of student youth is an important component not only of the personal development of a young person, but also of the development of various spheres of life of the state and society. However, practice and research results regarding the choice of place of employment for university graduates show that in many industries and spheres of public life there is a shortage and outflow of young personnel. Analysis of statistical data showed that the largest proportion of young people under the age of 30 worked in government bodies in 2013; in subsequent years there has been a significant downward trend in the proportion of young personnel in various positions. A survey among students in the «science and society» group showed that only 26.6 % of students consider government bodies as a place of employment, while the majority plan to work in commercial organizations. The motivating factors when choosing a place of employment are the level of wages, flexible or shift work schedule, so the authorities cannot compete with other potential employers. Students noted approximately the same conditions as priorities in the process of developing measures to increase the attractiveness of government bodies as places of employment. The data obtained indicate the need for special attention to conducting research in the field of improving the status of state and municipal services and the attractiveness of working conditions in government bodies for young people.
SYSTEMATIZATION OF TRENDS IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY TO ACHIEVE ITS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, AVAKOV V.A.
Published: December 2024

The transition of industrial production to a new stage of development largely predetermined the requirements for changing the structure of industrial production, for the implementation of environmental conservation and restoration policies, which affected the concepts and strategy for the development of the industrial complex of the economy as a whole. One of the leading concepts in industry at the moment is the ESG concept, which involves a balance of environmental, social and economic development subsystems. The purpose of the article is to develop a model of the flow subsystem of the ESG concept in industry from the position of reducing the carbon footprint in the production process of industrial products. The article describes trends in greenhouse gas emissions in the industrial sector of the economy; the structure of greenhouse gas emissions associated with industrial processes was analyzed; directions for introducing environmental innovations aimed at resource conservation in industry are presented; Methodological developments for calculating the carbon footprint in industry are characterized. When writing the article, methods such as description, comparative analysis, graphical method, calculation of descriptive statistics of time series, structural analysis, generalization, visualization were used. The findings from the study are summarized. Firstly, in Russian industry there is a steady tendency to maintain the volume of greenhouse gas emissions from industrial processes. Secondly, in the structure of greenhouse gas emissions by industrial sector, the largest share is occupied by metallurgy, the chemical industry and the production of products from mineral raw materials. Thirdly, carbon dioxide emissions have the largest share in the structure of greenhouse gas emissions; its share reaches 80 % in the structure of greenhouse gas emissions. Fourthly, the implementation of the principles of the ESG concept in industry is facilitated by the implementation of infrastructure projects and the introduction of environmental innovations. Fifthly, the flow subsystem model of the ESG concept in industry, which involves achieving resource conservation and environmental conservation, has the ultimate goal of reducing the carbon footprint of industrial processes. The conclusions presented in the article can be applied when implementing ESG transformation tasks at industrial enterprises, mainly in terms of the environmental component of this concept.
NFORMATION AND COGNITIVE WARFARE AND PATRIOTIC CONSCIOUSNESS OF STUDENTS: THE LANDSCAPE OF MASS COMMUNICATION MEDIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF UNIVERSITIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN)
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, TUZIKOV A.R. , ZINUROVA R.I.
Published: December 2024

The article reveals the features of the formation of the worldview of students in the context of information and cognitive warfare as the art of using technological tools to change people's consciousness. Student youth are the most vulnerable to ideological attacks, especially in the circumstances of the «blurring» of the emphasis of historical training in the education system and the influence of the Internet in the format of fake news and fake stories. The problem is further aggravated by the fact that students, being perhaps the most active and «Internet-immersed» layer of our youth, often experience a crisis of confidence in government authorities and traditional sources of information (TV, newspapers, radio, official textbooks on socio-political sciences). The results of the author's research on the identification of the main sources of information about public life and the situation in the world by students of universities located on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan are presented. To conduct the study, a mass survey technique using electronic survey forms based on a representative stratified sample was used. The sample consisted of 1,500 university students, universities located on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The study showed that the main sources of information about the world and the country for students are in descending order: social networks, messengers, the immediate environment, Internet sites. Social networks and messengers themselves are both the arena and the means of the information and cognitive war being waged against Russia. As part of the previous information wars, the target groups were offered mainly intellectual «raw materials» as information for further reflection. In conditions of reduced critical thinking and the ability to double-check information, targeted selection and dissemination of information becomes an effective ideological weapon.
FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND LEARNING FOR STUDENTS AT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES: STATE, PROBLEMS
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, SABIRZYANOVA G.SH.
Published: December 2024

Today the need for foreign language teaching and learning of students at technical universities is due to the high requirements of society and employers for graduates, as well as the development of international cooperation. For high-quality learning of a foreign language by students of an engineering university, a multidimensional and comprehensive analysis of the current state and identification of the problem is necessary. The article analyzes scientific literature and methodological documentation. This article describes the problems that hinder high-quality foreign language training in engineering universities in detail. They are homogenization, low academic level of foreign language proficiency and low motivation, burnout of teachers and students, lack of practical classes, insufficient equipment of classrooms. As a result, the characteristics given above were classified into the following groups: geopolitical, psychological and pedagogical, organizational and technical problems. Further research is considered as a promising direction, where solutions to the discussed problems will be proposed.
Geografia, postmodernisme, geografia postmoderna : aportacions al debat
Authors: Albet i Mas Abel
Published: December 2024

Per diverses raons, a la geografia del nostre país el postmodernisme ha tingut un ressò limitat. Per aquest motiu, l'equip de redacció de Documents d'Anàlisi Geogràfica ha preparat aquest breu dossier que, a més d'una introducció per al lector en la matèria pretén ser també una aportació més al debat sobre el postmodernisme que ha involucrat un bon nombre d'investigadors en la geografia internacional.
Do intercâmbio de trabalho ao trabalho exploratório em plataformas digitais: o caso Worldpackers
Authors: Rodrigues Reis Jarlene , Gamonal Barra de Almeida Lucas , Costa da Silva Thaís
Published: December 2024

Este estudo busca compreender como se constroem sentidos e interações sociais que articulam relações de trabalho e turismo nas propostas de intercâmbio de trabalho na plataforma digital Worldpackers. Partindo de embasamento teórico que inclui vertentes da comunicação, da sociologia e do turismo, refletimos sobre contradições e conflitos resultantes de trocas sociais e comunicativas que envolvem práticas trabalhistas e atividades turísticas. Por meio da análise de ofertas publicadas na plataforma, observamos distorções e apropriações indevidas dos conceitos ligados ao turismo colaborativo e indicações de exploração da mão de obra.
PENGEMBANGAN INTRUMEN PENILAIAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Muslihati Muslihati , Wardan Khusnul
Published: December 2024

Effective assessment in learning is a key element in determining the success of educational goals. This study aims to explore more deeply the development of Islamic Religious Education assessment instruments. This study uses a library research approach, meaning that researchers only deal directly with sources available in the library such as articles, books and others, from these data sources researchers present a deep understanding of the development of Islamic Religious Education assessment instruments. The significance and novelty of the development of Islamic Religious Education assessment instruments emphasizes 1) the integration of socio-spiritual attitudes, knowledge, and skills that were previously more focused on the spiritual dimension alone, now shifting the paradigm of Islamic Religious Education learning from a doctrinal approach to an integrative approach that is relevant to the needs of students in the modern era. 2) Emphasis on the implementation of Islamic values ​​in practice, the application of Islamic teaching values is not just a theoretical understanding but also links Islamic Religious Education learning with critical and applicable thinking skills based on the teachings of the Qur'an and Hadith. 3) There is a relationship between character education and Islamic civilization, this strengthens the relevance of learning Islamic Religious Education in the global context and its contribution to building a civilized society.
Mapeamento da utilização de sistemas de impermeabilização em construções no município de Goianésia do Pará
Authors: Ferreira Alex Jorge Gaia , Ferreira Amanda Daniele Berredo Matos , Cardoso Daniel Laredo , Rocha Renata Fiel , Santos Robson Alho dos , Palhano Jennison Gomes da Silva , Pacheco Wilson Mattos , Souza Grazielle Tigre de
Published: December 2024

A impermeabilização se constitui numa das mais importantes etapas da construção civil, pois afeta diretamente a qualidade final da edificação. Devido sua grande relevância, não deveria ser negligenciada, como ocorre em muitos casos (RIGHI, 2009). O correto uso dos impermeabilizantes de acordo com as normas e procedimentos existentes é de grande importância, pois a falta de atenção devida para com os sistemas impermeabilizantes gera problemas patológicos diversos, pela acelerada degradação da camada de proteção aplicada (LIMA; PASSOS; COSTA, 2013, p. 60). Isso acarreta prejuízos, desconforto e uma série de outros problemas que podem ser evitados. A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida com o intuito de realizar uma análise sobre a disponibilidade e aplicações de impermeabilizantes na construção civil na cidade de Goianésia do Pará, através da pesquisa bibliográfica, e da aplicação de questionários nas lojas de materiais de construção e com profissionais do setor. Assim, foi possível evidenciar a falta de adoção de projetos de impermeabilização e, ao mesmo tempo, a necessidade de profissionais qualificados, sendo que as lojas procuram disponibilizar os impermeabilizantes mais procurados pelos consumidores.
A Migração Internacional em análise: elementos constitutivos da ca-tegoria e seus determinantes em tempos de mundialização do capital
Authors: Giaretta Joiceni Moreira , Silva Diuslene Rodrigues da , Siqueira Mirele Hashimoto
Published: December 2024

O deslocamento de pessoas é comum desde o início da humanidade. O ato de migrar sempre teve motivos variados, mas especialmente a busca de melhores condições de sobrevivência: inicialmente, a procura por lugares cujas características fossem mais adequadas a manutenção da vida, levando em consideração as condições climáticas, a quantidade de alimentos ofertados na coleta, pesca ou caça; após esse período, a procura de terras cultiváveis, ou seja, motivos e determinações que se alteram através do tempo. Contudo, é no modo de produção capitalista, na expropriação dos meios de produção e de subsistência e na exploração da força de trabalho, que a migração passa a ser determinada de acordo com os interesses do capital, que usa, especialmente, da regulação jurídica para organizar o fluxo migratório dentro de cada país. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é trazer a discussão sobre a migração internacional e a mundialização do capital, a superexploração da força de trabalho desses migrantes e a falta de políticas sociais direcionadas para eles, bem como, a ausência de medidas que garantam, de fato, a sobrevivência com o acolhimento dessas pessoas e efetivação de seus direitos. Metodologicamente foram utilizadas informações a partir da produção do conhecimento em Serviço Social e, em particular, das revistas de Serviço Social classificadas como Qualis A1 e Qualis A2, além das revistas Argumentum, Libertas e O Social em Questão, com recorte temporal para os anos de 2015 a 2022.
Seleção de rota de aproveitamento e destino de resíduos de painéis solares fotovoltaicos no Ceará
Authors: Queiroz Washington Luiz Rodrigues de , Silva Fernando José Araújo da , Maia Marcus Vinicius
Published: December 2024

A energia solar fotovoltaica deve se tornar a fonte de energia de crescimento mais rápido do mundo nas próximas décadas. Os sistemas de energia solar são sempre recomendados quando o assunto é sustentabilidade e são tidos como a energia do futuro, provocando uma grande mudança nos requisitos de recursos no setor de energia e produzindo grandes quantidades de instalações solares, que logo se transformarão em lixo eletrônico fazendo com que a demanda por componentes reciclados de painéis solares dispare nos próximos anos. O aumento na produção de energia solar e sua expansão em larga escala levanta questões sobre as necessidades de avanço na tecnologia do estudo da matéria-prima e a capacidade de reciclagem da indústria. No Ceará, graças a alta insolação que resulta em grande potencial energético, a capacidade instalada de sistemas de geração de energia solar aumenta  exponencialmente a cada ano. Devido a esse crescimento, vêm sendo discutida a obsolescência desse sistema e quais as implicações de seu fim de vida. A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos de 2010 e o Acordo Setorial de Eletroeletrônicos assinado em outubro de 2019, demonstram certa preocupação com a gestão de resíduos e orientam para uma destinação final ambientalmente adequada. O objetivo desse artigo é aplicar e avaliar um modelo de tomada de decisões(AHP) sobre possíveis alternativas tecnológicas de reciclagem de painéis fotovoltáicos utilizadas no Estado do Ceará.
O envelhecimento de mulheres transgênero com silicone industrial: uma compreensão biopsicossocial
Authors: Azevedo Matheus Fernando Gomes de , Macêdo Lavínia Maria dos Santos , França Evandro Mateus de Oliveira , Silva Adriane Oliveira , Carlos Diogo Rogério , Gitirana Roberta Rodrigues de Lemos
Published: December 2024

Mulheres transgênero enfrentam muitos desafios para ter qualidade de vida em uma sociedade que as invisibilizam, tendo em vista que esse grupo social tem alta vulnerabilidade à morte violenta e prematura. Os poucos estudos científicos que a literatura detém ainda não são o bastante para entender a complexidade envolta do envelhecimento dessas mulheres e a pertinência de aplicações clandestinas para modificar o corpo com silicone líquido industrial. Objetivou compreender o envelhecimento de mulheres transexuais com silicone líquido industrial. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa construída em abril de 2024. Foi utilizada a estratégia PICo para pergunta norteadora: Como se dá o envelhecimento de mulheres transsexuais que fizeram aplicação de silicone industrial? Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos dos últimos cinco anos, exceto os materiais paralelos com aderência com ao tema e objetivo, estudos em inglês e em português, completos e estritamente condizentes com a pergunta norteadora. Os estudos apontam em consenso que mulheres trans que possuem silicone líquido industrial no corpo tendem a desenvolver complexas complicações de saúde ao longe da vida e tendem a interromper o processo natural de envelhecimento. As alterações fisiológicas podem iniciar agudas como edema e reações alérgicas, e podem evoluir para embolia, necrose dos tecidos e óbito. Portanto, foi possível concluir que as mulheres transexuais precisam de ampliações quanto à atenção básica e processo transexualizador pelo SUS e maior orientação, tanto literária quanto prática, para que o uso do silicone industrial, depois de utilizado ilegalmente, não interrompa o processo de envelhecimento.
Intellectual Capital and Management System in Creative Economy Organizations
Authors: Shkarina Vera S.
Published: December 2024

The activities of a wide range of business entities are related to the development and implementation of innovative products at enterprises that require staff to acquire new knowledge, skills, as well as methodological approaches that can be used to solve organizational issues in the field of innovation creation. The implementation of such tasks involves encouraging non-standard, creative approaches to solving complex functional situations that arise in the process of enterprise management; implementation of professional and qualification reorientation of personnel in accordance with innovative transformations; the use of creativity as one of the key factors of self-development, self-realization, self-improvement of employees and ensuring the innovative development of the enterprise. At the same time, despite numerous experimental and theoretical studies by domestic and foreign scientists, the problematic nature of the study of creativity requires additional research aimed at improving and developing new theoretical and methodological provisions. The implementation of innovative programs by the personnel of enterprises for decision-making requires a non-standard approach, which assumes sufficient freedom of action for participants in the innovation process and the creation of positive motives for their activities. The aim of the research is to expand and deepen the theoretical foundations and methodological support for the innovative development of creative economy enterprises based on management improvement. The methodological and theoretical basis of the study included the fundamental provisions of economic theory, scientific works of leading domestic and foreign scientists in the field of ensuring the innovative development of creative economy enterprises based on management. In the course of the research, general scientific methods of cognition were used: theoretical generalization (to study the theoretical foundations and features of the application of creativity management by enterprise personnel in the process of creating innovative products, producing creative ideas, making managerial decisions); grouping and classification (to determine the structure of the components of an employee’s intellectual and creative resources); comparison (to identify systemic obstacles in the process of improving management). The research results in the philosophical reflection of creativity as a factor of managerial changes in the creative management system, the object of which is the personal and collective creative development of employees who are the main participants in creative ideas aimed at improving the formation of the organization as a whole.
Customer-Centricity as a Vector of Trust Economy
Authors: Arkalov Dmitriy P.
Published: December 2024

At present, quite a lot of research has been conducted in the field of trust economy by both well-known economists and sociologists and political scientists. And everyone emphasizes the importance of this socio-economic phenomenon for improving people’s lives, forming a sustainable society and the economy of countries. The work is devoted to the study of the trust economy as an environment that promotes the growth of economic benefits and the role of the client-centric approach within the framework of the “State for People” concept. The methodological basis of the study were the theoretical provisions of institutional economics, applied research in the field of game theory (using the example of the “prisoner’s dilemma” game) and behavioral economics, as well as practical examples and business solutions. The study considers aspects of the trust economy from the point of view of the importance of forming social capital. Models of various aspects of the trust economy are presented as fragments of the system of socio-economic relations. The model of the internal dynamics of the client-centric approach shows that the implementation of the approach itself and its formal consolidation in corporate activities is important, but not sufficient for forming a trust environment. No less important is the restructuring of mental models of all participants in economic relations. The importance of the information environment and the corresponding feedback between all actors is shown. It is described that information is also an economic good that is subject to formation, exchange and accumulation. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that in the center of economic relations for the formation of economic goods, and in particular, in the relationships “person — state”, “citizen — state” is the person himself as an individual with certain mental models. The definition of the economy of trust as a synthetic added value (environment) to the relationship of economic agents, a citizen and the state, business and the state is proposed. The role and importance of social capital as a system of relationships in the creation and exchange of economic goods is noted. Client-centricity is defined as an information vector that has a specific direction and certain objective and subjective limitations.
Dynamics of Urban Electric Transport Development in Million Cities in Russia
Authors: Fandyushin Maksim V.
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes the dynamics of state policy development in the field of urban electric transport development in the Russian Federation on the example of cities with millions of inhabitants. The paper addresses the issue of decision-making by executive authorities at the state and regional levels on the development of all types of urban passenger electric transport that have developed on the territory of the Russian Federation in the period from the appearance of the first such city — St. Petersburg — in 1897 to the present. The approach to the analysis of state policy in the field of urban electric transport development is systematized: the diversification of types of electric transport into main and auxiliary ones is carried out; the periods of assigning the status of million-city to cities are determined; the key evaluation parameters are indicated — the length of the network, the number of rolling stock and the number of routes (lines). As a result of the conducted diachronic analysis, the high role of electric transport in the life of cities with millions of inhabitants has been revealed, while in most such cities there is a stagnation of urban electric transport systems. Metro systems are characterized by gradual development with different dynamics, tram systems are mainly characterized by stagnation with local development, and trolleybus systems are equally characterized by stagnation and degradation, with individual cases of development. The dynamics shows that preferences are given mainly to such types of transport as tram and subway. Despite the decline of electric transport systems in a number of million cities, at the moment there is a gradual growth of existing systems. It is determined that from the point of view of electric transport, as well as mass transport in general, the most negative situation is in Voronezh, where the tram network has been eliminated, the metro system is missing, and the trolleybus system has significantly degraded.
Innovations for Labour Market: International Experience in Building National Competency (Skilling) Systems
Authors: Ivashchenko Natalia P. , Engovatova Alexandra A.
Published: December 2024

The article is dedicated to the crucial issue of identifying synchronization points between the labour market and the vocational education system in international practice. The aim of the research was to identify the optimal conditions capable of ensuring synchronization of labour market demands with the responses of the vocational education system at the national level. To achieve this goal, a number of tasks was solved: the development trends of the global labour market at its current stage were analyzed; an analysis was conducted on the leading international experience in creating and operating national competency systems — ecosystems in which participants collectively ensure the synchronization of knowledge, skills, and abilities of the workforce with the demands of the labor market. Special attention was paid to the analysis of leading international practices in forming system operators, as well as the structures and tasks that national competency systems perform in the national labour and vocational education markets. The authors used general theoretical methods such as analysis, synthesis, abstraction, as well as empirical methods (benchmark analysis): studying the experience of leading international practices in ensuring the synchronization of national labour market demands with vocational education systems. In conclusion, the authors suggest the need to supplement the tools used today by the Russian operator for synchronizing labour market and vocational education system agendas — the National Qualifications Development Agency with a high-precision and constantly updated labour market demand forecast, both at the federal level and in regional and sectoral sections. In the future, the authors see the necessity to develop a methodology for constructing this forecast, taking into account the already identified limitations of the proposed methodology within the framework of the national project “Personnel”.
Czy warto zamieszkać w mieście 15-minutowym?Część I. Wprowadzenie
Authors: Kuna Julia , d’Obyrn Maciej , Nowak Paweł , Romański Jakub
Published: December 2024

Pierwsza część artykułu przedstawia założeniaprojektu naukowego, prowadzonego przez członków MiędzywydziałowegoKoła Naukowego SmartCity na Wydziale InżynieriiLądowej Politechniki Warszawskiej w roku 2024 pt. „Subiektywnaocena jakości życia w relacji do ilości i jakości infrastrukturypublicznej”. Prace przyniosły efekty w postaci wyników i wnioskówz ankietyzacji mieszkańców metropolii warszawskiej podnoszącejtemat subiektywnej oceny jakości życia oraz przeglądunowych kierunków rozwoju miast, wyzwań, jakie przed nimistoją i sposobów na optymalne wykorzystanie dostępnych siłi środków w celu poprawy jakości życia mieszkańców.
Vegetáriánus szülők gyermekeinek táplálkozásával kapcsolatos kutatás magyar és nemzetközi viszonylatokban
Authors: Molnár Szilvia , Hodász Hanga , Bartos Krisztina , Csajbókné Csobod Éva
Published: December 2024

A vegetáriánus táplálkozás térnyerése növekvő tendenciát mutat minden korosztályban. A növényi alapú táplálkozás számos előnyt hordoz magában felnőttkorban, a gyermekkorban megkezdett növényi alapú táplálkozással kapcsolatos kutatások eredményei azonban nem egységesek. A kutatás célja a vegetáriánus szülők gyermekeinek táplálkozással összefüggő magatartásának felmérése, az esetleges magyar és nemzetközi különbségek megfigyelése.
Az adatok gyűjtése anonim módon 2022. május és június hónapokban online önkitöltős kérdőívek segítségével történt, összesen 211 vegetáriánus szülő bevonásával, 151 magyar és 60 nemzetközi résztvevővel. A válaszadók közül olyan vegetáriánus szülőket választottunk be, akiknek gyermeke 6 hónaposnál idősebb, de még nem töltötte be a 18. életévét, miközben kizártuk azokat, akik nem rendelkeztek gyermekkel vagy nem tartottak vegetáriánus étrendet. A kérdőív válaszait Microsoft Excelben dolgoztuk fel, az elemzést pedig az R 4.1.3. verziójával végeztük. Az összefüggéseket kategóriaváltozók között kereszttábla-elemzésekkel vizsgáltuk, és a szignifikanciát khi-négyzet próbával ellenőriztük, az eredményeket szignifikánsnak tekintettük, ha p értéke kisebb volt, mint 0,05.
A kutatás során azt találtuk, hogy Magyarországon a vizsgálatban résztvevő vegetáriánus szülők 61,59%-a, míg nemzetközi szinten a résztvevő vegetáriánus szülők 80%-a kínálja gyermekét vegetáriánus étrenddel. Magyarországon a vegetáriánus gyerekek szüleinek 54,8%-a mondja el gyermekorvosának, hogy gyermeke növényi étrendet kap, míg nemzetközi szinten ez az arány 66,7%. Magyarországon a vegetáriánus gyermekek 76,34%-a részesül B12-vitamin kiegészítésében, míg a nemzetközi csoportban a gyermekek csupán 60,4%-a kap pótlást.
Az eredmények rávilágítanak a gyakorlatias és hiteles információforrások létrehozásának szükségességére, az oktatás és közétkeztetés fejlesztésére, valamint a dietetikusok és háziorvosok aktív bevonásának fontosságára a vegetáriánus gyermekek táplálkozási szokásainak kiegyensúlyozásában.
Általános iskolás tanulók iskola-egészségügyi szűrővizsgálati eredményeinek longitudinális vizsgálata, a túlsúly és az elhízás rizikócsoportjainak, tendenciáinak megismerése
Authors: Szücs Lilla , Karácsony Ilona
Published: December 2024

A vizsgálat célja: Kutatásunk célja a túlsúlyt és az elhízást befolyásoló tényezők elemzése, figyelembe véve az időbeli változókat, a nemi különbséget, a testmozgást és a nemzetiségi hovatartozást.
Anyag és módszer: Retrospektív, longitudinális kutatásunk keretében a 2015/2016 tanévében beíratott tanulók szűrővizsgálati adatainak elemzését végeztük el a 2022/2023 tanévig kétmintás t-próbával, χ2 próbával (p<0,05) SPSS 22 és MS Excel 2016 szoftverek segítségével.
Eredmények: A diákok 11,73%-a alultáplált, 66,67%-normál tápláltsági állapotú, 13,64%-a túlsúlyos és 7,72% -a elhízott volt. Nem jellemző a 2. osztályban mért túlsúly megmaradása 8. osztályos korra fiúknál (p>0,05). Megfigyelhető a lányok 4. osztálytól 6. osztályos korig mutatkozó gyarapodási kiugrása (p<0,05), valamint a 6. osztálytól 8. osztályig fiúknál észlelhető kiugrás (p<0,05). Az iskolai keretek között végzett többletmozgás nem jelent előnyt túlsúly, elhízás megelőzésében (p>0,05). Nem volt szignifikáns különbség túlsúlyt /elhízást tekintve roma, illetve nem roma tanulók között a 2. osztályos bemeneti méréshez viszonyított 8. osztályos kimeneteli eredményt tekintve (p>0,05). Viszont a felső tagozatos eredményeket tekintve jelentős különbségek mutatkoztak roma és nem roma tanulók testtömeg értékeiben (p<0,05).
Következtetés: A túlsúly és az elhízás, valamint az alultápláltság jelenléte a vizsgált mintában hasonló arányú nemzeti / nemzetközi adatokhoz viszonyítva. Valamennyi tanuló számára további csoportos, illetve kiscsoportos edukációs fejlesztések indokoltak az egészséges táplálkozás, testmozgás tekintetében, túlsúly, elhízás megelőzése érdekében.
Oltási hajlandóság vizsgálata a HPV-fertőzéssel és megelőzésével kapcsolatos szülői ismeretek összefüggésében
Authors: Farkas-Szivós Klára , Masa Andrea , Tobak Orsolya
Published: December 2024

Célok: Kutatásunk alapvető célja, hogy megvizsgáljuk a szülők HPV-fertőzéssel és megelőzésével kapcsolatos ismereteit, az ismeretszerzés forrását és a HPV elleni védőoltással kapcsolatos attitűdjüket.
Módszerek: A felmérést 6-7-8-9. osztályos szülők körében végeztük, kvantitatív módszer segítségével. Az általunk szerkesztett online kérdőívet 2022. november – 2023. február között 197 fő töltötte ki. Az adatokat az IBM SPSS Statistics 29.0.1. és a Jamovi 2.4.8. statisztikai programmal, khí-négyzet, Mann Whitney U próba, valamint Spearman korreláció módszer segítségével elemeztük.
Eredmények: A válaszadó szülők 99,5%-a hallott már a HPV elleni védőoltásról, azonban csak 44,7%-a hisz teljes mértékben annak hatékonyságában. A HPV-fertőzéssel és megelőzésével kapcsolatos ismeret szignifikáns összefüggésben áll az oltási hajlandósággal (p=0,020), az oltási attitűddel (p<0,001) és a fertőzés megelőzésére irányuló óvszerhasználattal (p=0,001), azonban az információszerzés forrására vonatkozóan nem mutatható ki kapcsolat.
Következtetések: Kutatásunk végére megállapítást nyert, hogy a megfelelő ismeretek bővítésével növelhető a HPV-vakcinával történő átoltottság aránya. Ehhez nélkülözhetetlen a tanulók és a szülők felé irányuló célzott egészségfejlesztés és a hatékony egészségkommunikáció.
Teoría del delito y persona jurídica.
Authors: Boldova Pasamar Miguel Angel
Published: December 2024

En el presente artículo se analizará la responsabilidad penal las personas jurídicas pues estas responden penalmente a algunos delitos del Código Penal español, lo que ha obligado a la ciencia jurídico-penal a preguntarse si es posible y con qué alcance y contenido proyectar la teoría jurídica del delito de las personas físicas a las personas jurídicas de manera que se pueda afirmar, aunque necesariamente a través de sus correspondientes equivalentes funcionales, que el hecho delictivo corporativo puede ser típico, antijurídico, culpable y, en consecuencia, punible.
Beccaria y el nacimiento del garantismo constitucional en el derecho penal y procesal penal
Authors: Llobet Rodríguez Javier
Published: December 2024

El trabajo versa sobre la influencia de Beccaria y su monografía “De los delitos y de las penas” en el Derecho y la justicia penal.
Santiago Mir Puig, el penalista, el amigo. Recuerdo póstumo
Authors: Luzón Peña Diego-Manuel
Published: December 2024

Un breve, emotivo y personal recuerdo póstumo dedicado a Santiago Mir Puig, destacado jurista del Derecho Penal español.