bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subgingival instrumentation
Authors: Tomasi Cristiano , Abrahamsson Kajsa H. , Apatzidou Danae
Published: May 2023

The S3‐level clinical guidelines for the treatment of patients with periodontitis stages I–III published by the European Federation of Periodontology in 2020, suggest a pre‐established stepwise approach for oral‐healthcare professionals with precise therapeutic pathways. The second step of this approach consists of the subgingival instrumentation of periodontal pockets by non‐surgical means to disrupt the microbial biofilm and remove soft and mineralized deposits This step aims to resolve periodontal inflammation by closure of periodontal pockets (probing pocket depth ≤ 4 mm, absence of bleeding on probing) employing different types of instruments and treatment protocols toward this end. Novel non‐surgical treatment approaches that adopt micro instruments or subgingival application of biological agents have been recently tested. Subgingival instrumentation has been shown to effectively restore the subgingival microbiota to one associated with periodontal health and to modulate the inflammatory response. The outcomes of the subgingival instrumentation have to be evaluated in order to guide the therapist in providing additional but focused treatment in the remaining pockets OR at sites with residual inflammation. Of great importance is the impact that non‐surgical periodontal treatment has on the patient's well‐being, based on evidence that emerges from studies evaluating patient related outcomes and quality of life.
Risk for internalizing symptom development in young children: Roles of child parasympathetic reactivity and maternal depression and anxiety exposure in early life
Authors: Quigley Kelsey M. , Petty Carter R. , Sidamon‐Eristoff Anne Elizabeth , Modico Margaret , Nelson Charles A. , Bosquet Enlow Michelle
Published: May 2023

Intergenerational transmission of internalizing disorders (anxiety and depression) is well documented, but the responsible pathways are underspecified. One possible mechanism is via programming of the child's parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). For example, maternal depression and anxiety, via multiple pathways, may heighten child PNS reactivity, which has been linked to increased risk for internalizing disorders. Heightened PNS reactivity also may sensitize a child to their environment, increasing the vulnerability to developing psychopathology when exposed to stressors, such as maternal psychopathology. In a prospective longitudinal study of mother–child dyads (N = 446), we examined relations among maternal depression and anxiety symptoms when children were infants and aged 3 and 5 years, child respiratory sinus arrythmia (RSA) reactivity (measure of PNS reactivity) at 3 years, and child internalizing symptoms at age 5 years. Consistent with an adaptive calibration perspective, analyses tested the roles of child RSA reactivity as both a mediator and a moderator of associations between maternal and child symptoms. Greater child RSA reactivity in response to a fearful video predicted higher internalizing symptoms among children exposed to higher levels of maternal depression or anxiety symptoms at age 5 years (moderation effects). Child RSA reactivity did not mediate relations between maternal depression or anxiety symptoms in infancy and child internalizing symptoms at age 5 years. The results suggest that heightened PNS reactivity may represent a biological vulnerability to stressful environments early in life: When coupled with maternal depression or anxiety exposure, child PNS reactivity may promote the development of internalizing psychopathology in early childhood.
Monday peak is unique to suicide? Comparison of weekly distribution by causes of death using national representative cohort database
Authors: Park Gun Woo Victor , Cho Sung‐il
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The excess suicide mortality on Monday was reported in numerous studies. However, it is uncertain that the uneven weekly distribution of deaths is observed among suicide, or common among various causes of death.

Methods

Weekly distributions of suicide and other causes of death from 2012 to 2017 in South Korea were compared. Logistic regression models were fitted to investigate the association between causes of death and day‐of‐the‐week effects. We also fitted conditional logistic regression models after age and gender matching.

Results

A total of 1,622,213 deaths, including 80,492 suicide decedents, were analyzed. A total of 16.0% of suicide deaths occurred on Monday, whereas 12.4% on Saturday and 13.0% on Sunday. Suicide decedents were more likely to die on Monday than other causes of deaths after controlling sociodemographic factors in unmatched data. However, there was no evidence of excess suicide deaths on Mondays than other days in contrast to matched death controls.

Conclusion

While the increase in mortality on Mondays was not unique to suicide, our findings have suicide prevention implications. Mental health practitioners should consider providing additional mental health resources on earlier working days. Workplace mental health programs to reduce psychological burdens of employees could help to prevent suicide during working days.
Unsustainable practices among contemporary maritime fishing communities of Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Spain): A socioecological and historical approach
Authors: Albero Santacreu Daniel J. , Domínguez García Ariana
Published: May 2023

In this research, we address the relationship that exists between the development of certain unsustainable fishing practices among professional small‐scale fishery, industrial fishery and recreational fishing and the historical and social changes observed in the configuration of maritime fishing communities in Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Spain). We also explore the impact that European, Spanish and regional policies have had on the strategies of exploitation of the marine environment and the forms of social organisation of these communities. To do this, we apply a multiproxy approach that includes several kinds of data: field research, photographic archives, oral interviews, local newspapers, legislation, official reports and published literature. The anthropological and historic viewpoints applied in the research delve into how the disappearance of traditional professional small‐scale fishing and the surge of both a bottom‐trawl fleet and recreational marine fishing have not only promoted a loss of sustainability and environmental balance in such coastal environments but have also led to a significant loss regarding key cultural and identity assets.
The influence of HLA A, B, C, DR alleles and HLA haplotypes on cytomegalovirus‐specific cell mediated immunity in seropositive Korean kidney transplant candidates
Authors: Lee Hyeyoung , Kang Hyunhye , Yun Sojeong , Ryu Ji Hyeong , Bae Hyunjoo , Chung Byung Ha , Yang Chul Woo , Oh Eun‐Jee
Published: May 2023

We evaluated the effect of specific HLA alleles and haplotypes on cytomegalovirus (CMV)‐specific cell mediated immunity (CMI) in kidney transplant (KT) candidates. CMV‐specific ELISPOT against pp65 and IE‐1 antigens (hereafter referred to as pp65 and IE‐1, respectively) was performed in 229 seropositive KT candidates. We analyzed the results related to 44 selected HLA alleles (9 HLA‐A, 15 HLA‐B, 9 HLA‐C, and 11 HLA‐DR) and 13 HLA haplotypes commonly found in study participants. The pp65 and IE‐1 results in 229 seropositive candidates were 227.5 (114.5–471.5) and 41.0 (8.8–185.8) (median [interquartile range]) spots/2 × 105 PBMCs, respectively. The pp65 and IE‐1 results showed significant differences between candidates with different HLA alleles (A*02 vs. A*26 [p = 0.016], A*24 vs. A*30 [p = 0.031], B*07 vs. B*46 [p = 0.005], B*54 vs. B*35 [p = 0.041], B*54 vs. B*44 [p = 0.018], B*54 vs. B*51 [p = 0.025], and C*06 vs. C*14 [p = 0.034]). HLA‐A*02 and B*54 were associated with increased pp65 and IE‐1 results, respectively (p = 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). In contrast, the HLA‐A*26 and B*46 alleles were associated with a decreased pp65 response, whereas the A*30 allele was associated with a decreased IE‐1 response (p < 0.05). The pp65 results correlated with the HLA‐A allele frequencies (R = 0.7546, p = 0.019) and the IE‐1 results correlated with the HLA‐C allele frequencies of the study participants (R = 0.7882, p = 0.012). Among 13 haplotypes, HLA‐A*30 ~ B*13 ~ C*06 ~ DRB1*07 showed decreased CMV‐CMIs compared to the other HLA haplotypes, probably due to a combination of HLA alleles associated with lower CMV‐CMIs. Our results demonstrated that CMV‐specific CMIs may be influenced by the HLA allele as well as the HLA haplotype. To better predict CMV reactivation, it is important to estimate risk in the context of HLA allele and haplotype information.
Morphologic appearance of peripheral blood cells from Zovawk pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) visualized by transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Choudhary Om Prakash , Kalita Pranab Chandra , Kalita Arup , Doley Probal Jyoti , Sarkar Rupan , Eregowda Chethan Gollahalli , Choudhary Priyanka
Published: May 2023

Background

Ultrastructural information regarding the peripheral blood cells of local (Zovawk) pigs from Mizoram, India, is not available in the scientific literature.

Objectives

The present study was designed to reveal the fine structural details of the blood cells from these local pigs using a transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Methods

Blood samples were collected from 12 healthy Zovawk pigs of either sex and processed according to a standard protocol. Processed blood samples were then sent to the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, for further processing and imaging under TEM. Different types of blood cells were viewed under TEM, and different characteristics of these cells were assessed.

Results

In the present study, erythrocytes are elongated, biconcave, and nucleated without cytoplasmic organelles. Neutrophils are round with 2‐5 lobed nuclei surrounded by cytoplasm with an indistinct bilayered nuclear membrane. The cytoplasm is packed with membrane bound round, oval, and elongated cytoplasmic granules. Eosinophils are round to oval with 2‐3 lobed nuclei with distinct nuclear membranes. Basophils are spherical and contained small, medium, and large electron‐dense granules. Lymphocytes are small, medium, and large and contained all cellular components. Monocytes are irregularly spherical with slight nuclear indentations. The platelets are elongated, oval, or rounded, with a few pseudopods at the cell surface.

Conclusions

From the present study, we can conclude that the ultrastructural morphology of blood cells from Zovawk pigs resembles those of other domestic animals. However, a few differences have been observed.
Eigensolutions and quantum fisher information for different potential models
Authors: Onate C. A. , Okon I. B. , Omugbe E. , Eyube E. S. , Onyeaju M. C. , Owolabi J. A. , Ikot A. N.
Published: May 2023

The solutions of two potentials with one potential made up of a combination of constant, Yukawa, and inversely quadratic potentials and the other made up of constant, Coulomb, and inversely quadratic potentials are obtained under the radial Schrödinger equation using the elegant parametric Nikiforov–Uvarov method. The energy equations and their corresponding wave functions are obtained in a close and compact form. The Fisher information for configuration space and momentum space are obtained for each combination of the potentials. It has been revealed that the energy eigenvalues of each combined potential model has a turning point. It is also shown that one special case in one combined potentials and another special case in the other combined potentials have equivalent energy eigenvalues. The results for the constant potential as a subset potential in each combination are not exactly the same. The Fisher information for each combined potentials and their respective subset potentials satisfied Fisher information-based uncertainty relation. It is also shown that the effect of the screening parameter on the Fisher information at the ground state and at the first excited state for one of the combining potential has a diffused format.
Approximate extraction of late-time returns via morphological component analysis
Authors: Goehle Geoff , Cowen Benjamin , Blanford Thomas E. , Daniel Park J. , Brown Daniel C.
Published: May 2023

A fundamental challenge in acoustic data processing is to separate a measured time series into relevant phenomenological components. A given measurement is typically assumed to be an additive mixture of myriad signals plus noise whose separation forms an ill-posed inverse problem. In the setting of sensing elastic objects using active sonar, we wish to separate the early-time return from the object's geometry from late-time returns caused by elastic or compressional wave coupling. Under the framework of morphological component analysis (MCA), we compare two separation models using the short-duration and long-duration responses as a proxy for early-time and late-time returns. Results are computed for a broadside response using Stanton's elastic cylinder model as well as on experimental data taken from an in-air circular synthetic aperture sonar system, whose separated time series are formed into imagery. We find that MCA can be used to separate early and late-time responses in both the analytic and experimental cases without the use of time-gating. The separation process is demonstrated to be compatible with image reconstruction. The best separation results are obtained with a flexible, but computationally intensive, frame based signal model, while a faster Fourier transform based method is shown to have competitive performance.
Waves generated by a vibrating rigid sphere with an elastic shell submerged in a fluid
Authors: Sun Qiang , Klaseboer Evert
Published: May 2023

An analytical solution for the sound and elastic waves generated by a rigid sphere with a shell made of elastic material submerged in an infinite fluid is introduced. The sphere oscillates up and down at a fixed frequency and generates elastic waves (both longitudinal and transverse) in the shell, which are then transmitted to the fluid. The effects of the acoustic boundary layer are included (thus, no implicit arbitrary “slip” on the surface as in the usual fluid acoustic model is present). An example of a 1 mm radius sphere with an elastic shell is analyzed in detail for several conditions to understand the physical phenomena involved in such a system.
Transition metal–catalyzed remote C─H borylation: An emerging synthetic tool
Authors: Hassan Mirja Md Mahamudul , Guria Saikat , Dey Sayan , Das Jaitri , Chattopadhyay Buddhadeb
Published: May 2023

Transition metal–catalyzed C─H bond activation and borylation is a powerful synthetic method that offers versatile synthetic transformation from organoboron compounds to virtually all other functional groups. Compared to the ortho-borylation, remote borylation remains more challenging owing to the inaccessibility of these C─H bonds. Enforcing the metal catalyst toward the remote C─H bonds needs well-judged catalyst design through proper ligand development. This review article aims to summarize the recent discoveries for the remote C─H borylation by the employment of new catalyst/ligand design with the help of steric of the ligand, noncovalent interactions. It has been found that C─H borylation now takes part in the total synthesis of natural products in a shorter route. Whereas, Ir-catalyzed C─H borylation is predominant, cobalt catalyst has also started to affect this field for sustainable and cost-effective development.
Magnetic field reversal in the turbulent environment around a repeating fast radio burst
Authors: Anna-Thomas Reshma , Connor Liam , Dai Shi , Feng Yi , Burke-Spolaor Sarah , Beniamini Paz , Yang Yuan-Pei , Zhang Yong-Kun , Aggarwal Kshitij , Law Casey J. , Li Di , Niu Chenhui , Chatterjee Shami , Cruces Marilyn , Duan Ran , Filipovic Miroslav D. , Hobbs George , Lynch Ryan S. , Miao Chenchen , Niu Jiarui , Ocker Stella K. , Tsai Chao-Wei , Wang Pei , Xue Mengyao , Yao Ju-Mei , Yu Wenfei , Zhang Bing , Zhang Lei , Zhu Shiqiang , Zhu Weiwei
Published: May 2023

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are brief, intense flashes of radio waves from unidentified extragalactic sources. Polarized FRBs originate in highly magnetized environments. We report observations of the repeating FRB 20190520B spanning 17 months, which show that the FRB’s Faraday rotation is highly variable and twice changes sign. The FRB also depolarizes below radio frequencies of about 1 to 3 gigahertz. We interpret these properties as being due to changes in the parallel component of the magnetic field integrated along the line of sight, including reversing direction of the field. This could result from propagation through a turbulent magnetized screen of plasma, located 10
–5
to

100

parsecs from the FRB source. This is consistent with the bursts passing through the stellar wind of a binary companion of the FRB source.
Epigenetic plasticity cooperates with cell-cell interactions to direct pancreatic tumorigenesis
Authors: Burdziak Cassandra , Alonso-Curbelo Direna , Walle Thomas , Reyes José , Barriga Francisco M. , Haviv Doron , Xie Yubin , Zhao Zhen , Zhao Chujun Julia , Chen Hsuan-An , Chaudhary Ojasvi , Masilionis Ignas , Choo Zi-Ning , Gao Vianne , Luan Wei , Wuest Alexandra , Ho Yu-Jui , Wei Yuhong , Quail Daniela F. , Koche Richard , Mazutis Linas , Chaligné Ronan , Nawy Tal , Lowe Scott W. , Pe’er Dana
Published: May 2023

The response to tumor-initiating inflammatory and genetic insults can vary among morphologically indistinguishable cells, suggesting as yet uncharacterized roles for epigenetic plasticity during early neoplasia. To investigate the origins and impact of such plasticity, we performed single-cell analyses on normal, inflamed, premalignant, and malignant tissues in autochthonous models of pancreatic cancer. We reproducibly identified heterogeneous cell states that are primed for diverse, late-emerging neoplastic fates and linked these to chromatin remodeling at cell-cell communication loci. Using an inference approach, we revealed signaling gene modules and tissue-level cross-talk, including a neoplasia-driving feedback loop between discrete epithelial and immune cell populations that was functionally validated in mice. Our results uncover a neoplasia-specific tissue-remodeling program that may be exploited for pancreatic cancer interception.
Underfished or unwanted?
Authors: Oremus Kimberly L. , Frank Eyal G. , Adelman Jesse Jian , Cruz Seleni , Herndon Janna , Sewell Brad , Suatoni Lisa
Published: May 2023

Much blame cast upon fisheries policy may be misguided
Comment on “Exceptional preservation of organs in Devonian placoderms from the Gogo lagerstätte”
Authors: Jensen Bjarke , Moorman Antoon Fransiscus Maria , Wang Tobias , Møller Peter Rask , Icardo José Manuel , Lauridsen Henrik
Published: May 2023

Trinajstic et al., (
Science
, 16 September 2022, p. 1311–1314) describe exceptionally well-preserved organs in fossilized Devonian placoderms to infer the early evolution of the vertebrate heart. We argue that the report has numerous shortcomings and examples of mixed specimen codes. Further, we question whether there indeed is any evidence for a mineralized chambered heart in these placoderms.
Three-dimensional inhomogeneity of zeolite structure and composition revealed by electron ptychography
Authors: Zhang Hui , Li Guanxing , Zhang Jiaxing , Zhang Daliang , Chen Zhen , Liu Xiaona , Guo Peng , Zhu Yihan , Chen Cailing , Liu Lingmei , Guo Xinwen , Han Yu
Published: May 2023

Structural and compositional inhomogeneity is common in zeolites and considerably affects their properties. Thickness-limited lateral resolution, lack of depth resolution, and electron dose-constrained focusing limit local structural studies of zeolites in conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We demonstrate that a multislice ptychography method based on four-dimensional scanning TEM (4D-STEM) data can overcome these limitations. Images obtained from a ~40-nanometer-thick MFI zeolite exhibited a lateral resolution of ~0.85 angstrom that enabled the identification of individual framework oxygen (O) atoms and the precise determination of the orientations of adsorbed molecules. Furthermore, a depth resolution of ~6.6 nanometers allowed probing of the three-dimensional distribution of O vacancies, as well as the phase boundaries in intergrown MFI and MEL zeolites. The 4D-STEM ptychography can be generally applied to other materials with similar high electron-beam sensitivity.
Near-Complete Genome Sequence of White Spot Syndrome Virus Infecting Cultivated Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) in Peru
Authors: Salcedo-Mejía Luis Alberto , Tapia-Chirinos Stephanie , Atarama-Orejuela Joel , Grabiel Sandra , Villalobos Eduard , Gómez-Sánchez Muriel , Velazco-Peña Rodolfo
Published: May 2023

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infects a broad range of aquatic animals, including the shrimp
Penaeus vannamei
. In this study, we report one genome sequence of WSSV present in shrimp on the north coast of Peru.
Genomic Identification of Two Phytobacter diazotrophicus Isolates from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Singapore
Authors: Hon Peiyun , Ko Karrie K. K. , Zhong Jonathan C. W. , De Partha P. , Smits Theo H. M. , Low Jiaming , Vasoo Shawn , Tsui Clement K. M.
Published: May 2023

We report the draft genome sequences of two
Phytobacter diazotrophicus
isolates recovered from a swab specimen from the water faucet located in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (ICU), National University Hospital, Singapore. The isolates were misidentified as
Cronobacter sakazakii
and
Klebsiella oxytoca
using biochemical methods. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to determine their identity.
Development of a Syndromic Molecular Diagnostic Assay for Tick-Borne Pathogens Using Barcoded Magnetic Bead Technology
Authors: Mohseni Nazleeen , Chang Mariann , Garcia Kathryn , Weakley Mina , Do Tram , Mir Sheema
Published: May 2023

The low pathogen load in the tick-borne disease test samples and the lack of highly sensitive multiplex diagnostic approaches have impacted diagnosis during clinical testing and limited surveillance studies to gauge prior insight about the prevalence of tick-borne infections in a geographical area. This article demonstrates proof of the principle for simultaneous detection of two important tick-borne pathogens from a single test sample using digital barcoded magnetic bead technology.
Characterization of an International High-Risk Escherichia coli ST410 Clone Coproducing NDM-5 and OXA-181 in a Food Market in China
Authors: He Wan-Yun , Lv Lu-Chao , Pu Wen-Xian , Gao Guo-Long , Zhuang Zi-Lin , Lu Yao-Yao , Zhuo Chao , Liu Jian-Hua
Published: May 2023

This is the first report of an
Escherichia coli
ST410 clone that coproduces NDM-5 and OXA-181 in China. The high similarity of the core genomes and plasmids between the ST410 isolates characterized in this study and human source isolates from foreign countries strongly suggests that this ST410 lineage is an international high-risk clone, highlighting the need for continuous global surveillance of ST410 clones.
Sensitive Detection of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Malaria with Seven Novel Parasite-Specific LAMP Assays and Translation for Use at Point-of-Care
Authors: Malpartida-Cardenas Kenny , Moser Nicolas , Ansah Felix , Pennisi Ivana , Ahu Prah Diana , Amoah Linda Eva , Awandare Gordon , Hafalla Julius Clemence R. , Cunnington Aubrey , Baum Jake , Rodriguez-Manzano Jesus , Georgiou Pantelis
Published: May 2023

The spread of
Plasmodium falciparum
parasites with
Pfhrp2
/
3
gene deletions presents a major threat to reliable point-of-care diagnosis with current rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). Novel molecular diagnostics based on nucleic acid amplification are needed to address this liability.
Supplemental Material: Older than they look: Cryptic recycled xenotime on detrital zircon
Authors: Dröllner Maximilian , al. et
Published: May 2023

Supplemental Material S1 (detailed analytical methods) and Supplemental Material S2 (data in Tables S1–S7).  
Comparison of intravenous versus combined oral and intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis (COMBINE) for the prevention of surgical site infection in elective colorectal surgery: study protocol for a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled clinical trial
Authors: Vignaud Marie , Paugam-Burtz Catherine , Garot Matthias , Jaber Samir , Slim Karem , Panis Yves , Lucet Jean-Christophe , Bourdier Justine , Morand Dominique , Pereira Bruno , Futier Emmanuel
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Surgical site infections (SSIs) account for 30% of all healthcare-associated infections, with reported rates ranging from 8% and 30% after colorectal surgery and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates, length of hospital stay and costs in healthcare. Administration of systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis before surgery is recommended to reduce the risk of SSI, but the optimal regimen remains unclear. We aim to evaluate whether a combined oral and intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis could be more effective to reduce the incidence of SSI after colorectal surgery, as compared with the standard practice of intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis alone.

Methods and analysis

Comparison of intravenous versus combined oral and intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis (COMBINE) trial is a randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel, double-blind, multicentre study of 960 patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. Patients will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive either combined oral and intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis or intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis alone, stratified by centre, the surgical procedure (laparoscopic or open surgery) and according to the surgical skin antisepsis (chlorexidine–alcohol or povidione-iodine alcoholic solution). The primary endpoint is the rate of SSI by day 30 following surgery, with SSI defined by the criteria developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Data will be analysed on the intention-to-treat principle and a per-protocol basis.

Ethics and dissemination

COMBINE trial has been approved by an independent ethics committee for all study centres. Participant recruitment began in May 2016. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed medical journals.

Trial registration number

EudraCT 2015-002559-84NCT02618720.
Daring discourse: artificial intelligence in pain medicine, opportunities and challenges
Authors: Adams Meredith C B , Nelson Ariana M , Narouze Samer
Published: May 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are currently expanding their influence within healthcare. For pain clinics, unfettered introduction of AI may cause concern in both patients and healthcare teams. Much of the concern stems from the lack of community standards and understanding of how the tools and algorithms function. Data literacy and understanding can be challenging even for experienced healthcare providers as these topics are not incorporated into standard clinical education pathways. Another reasonable concern involves the potential for encoding bias in healthcare screening and treatment using faulty algorithms. And yet, the massive volume of data generated by healthcare encounters is increasingly challenging for healthcare teams to navigate and will require an intervention to make the medical record manageable in the future. AI approaches that lighten the workload and support clinical decision-making may provide a solution to the ever-increasing menial tasks involved in clinical care. The potential for pain providers to have higher-quality connections with their patients and manage multiple complex data sources might balance the understandable concerns around data quality and decision-making that accompany introduction of AI. As a specialty, pain medicine will need to establish thoughtful and intentionally integrated AI tools to help clinicians navigate the changing landscape of patient care.
Effect of urease enrichment degree of multiple sources of urease on bio-cementation efficacy via enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation
Authors: Liu Lingxiao , Chen Yanbo , Gao Yufeng , Liu Bin , Zhou Yundong , Li Chi
Published: May 2023

This study aims to investigate the effect of the urease enrichment degree of high-purity commercial urease and plant-derived crude ureases from sword bean (SWCU), soybean (SCU), and pigeon pea (PCU) on bio-cementation efficacy via enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation. The urease enrichment degree is defined as the urease activity per gram of organic matter in the urease solution. Bio-cementation efficacy was evaluated by the distribution and morphology of the precipitates and unconfined compressive strength. The results show that the urease enrichment degrees of the high-purity commercial urease, SWCU, PCU, and SCU are 1.08, 1.05, 0.57, and 0.31 mmol/min/g, respectively. The urease enrichment degree is the dominant factor influencing the pattern of CaCO3 distribution by affecting the organic matter distribution. The high-purity commercial urease-treated sand has the smallest calcite crystals (13–23 µm) and the lowest strength (172 kPa). For the plant-derived crude urease, with the decrease of the urease enrichment degree, the generated crystals become smaller, the CaCO3 distribution becomes less uniform, and the soil strength decreases. The SWCU-treated sand exhibits the best bio-cementation efficacy and is recommended to enhance soil strength.
Magnetotelluric imaging of the magmatic and geothermal systems beneath Mount Meager, southwestern Canada
Authors: Hanneson Cedar , Unsworth Martyn J.
Published: May 2023

Magnetotelluric data were collected on and around the Mount Meager volcanic complex, an active volcanic complex with eruptions ∼2400 and ∼24 300 years ago. Three-dimensional inversion was used to create an electrical resistivity model to a depth of >20 km. The model is characterized by high resistivity (>100 Ωm) in the upper 6–7 km, implying relatively dry, unaltered rock. Within this resistive layer, localized conductors are observed in the upper 2 km beneath Pylon Peak and Fish Creek, corresponding to low-permeability, clay-rich layers, acting as caprocks to geothermal fluids below. Beneath the resistive upper crust, there is a large conductor at ∼5–15 km below sea level with an average resistivity of ∼3 Ωm. Laboratory experiments of melt resistivity and petrological data from erupted volcanic rocks were used to interpret the model. The magma body (deep conductor) is inferred to have a minimum volume of ∼2 × 1012 m3 comprising ∼18–32% dacitic-to-trachydacitic melt with ∼6–8 wt.% H2O at a temperature of ∼800–900 °C. This is below the melt fraction of an eruptible magma body. Resolution tests suggest it might be regional in extent, not localized beneath Mount Meager. There are fluid pathways from the northern part of the magma body, up toward Mount Meager and nearby fumaroles. This model is a significant advancement from its predecessors, created 20–40 years ago, providing the first deep 3D image of this volcanic system. Along with other geophysical and geological models of the Garibaldi Geothermal Energy Project, it will reduce the exploration risk associated with geothermal energy development.
Onshore–offshore correlation of central Lake Erie glacial deposits
Authors: Lewis C.F.M. , Cameron G.D.M. , Barnett P.J. , Todd B.J.
Published: May 2023

Dive observations, echogram transects, core sampling, and a seismic profile revealed that the lake bed of north-central Lake Erie is an extensive terrace cut by storm waves and currents. The terrace is an erosional unconformity on which Late Wisconsinan (Port Bruce and Mackinaw) glacial units crop out. Beds of massive diamictons, and glaciolacustrine sediments containing parallel reflections, crop out alternately from west to east, resulting from an oscillatory ice retreat. These beds correlate with the Port Stanley Drift (Port Bruce phase) and Wentworth Drift (Mackinaw phase) exposed in nearby shore bluffs and onshore moraines. The Port Bruce glacier and earlier readvances formed ice tongues and ice shelves in the central basin. Diamicton layers, some with debris flows, constitute the Port Stanley Till (offshore units M and O). A glaciolacustrine unit N was deposited during Port Bruce glacier recessions. Glaciolacustrine unit P lies between Port Bruce unit O and the Mackinaw Wentworth Till, unit Q. A subsequent glaciolacustrine unit R overlaps unit Q. The onshore Galt and Moffat moraines, composed of Wentworth Till, correlate with ridges of the Norfolk moraine unit Q which extend across Lake Erie between the base of Long Point, Ontario, and Erie, Pennsylvania. The onshore Paris moraine appears to have been eroded on the wave-cut terrace and is evident offshore only near the south shore of Lake Erie. Laminated unit S, younger than unit R, occurs in the western part of central Erie basin, and correlates with overflow of Lake Algonquin from the Huron basin.
Low-Resource Language Based Cognitive Psychology in English Language Analysis: A State-of-art for China's Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Cao Ai-E , Chen Fuhan
Published: May 2023

The present study aims at identifying the academic and professional needs of vocational students to enhance their English communication skills that are considered as the prerequisites for employment in China. In view of the demands of globalization, course designers and academicians design the curriculum to meet the challenges of the current scenario. This study aims at finding out the gap between student's needs and the existing syllabus to provide suggestions for the better implementation of the English communication skills course for vocational students by analysing the prescribed syllabus of Woyingzhichang and Zibo Vocational Institute in China. The data for analysis were collected from both students and teachers using a structured questionnaire. It is identified that student need fewer changes in syllabus and English teaching skills in the schools of China.
Mechanisms of Protein Quality Control in the Endoplasmic Reticulum by a Coordinated Hsp40-Hsp70-Hsp90 System
Authors: Kotler Judy L.M. , Street Timothy O.
Published: May 2023

The Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 chaperone families are ancient, highly conserved, and critical to cellular protein homeostasis. Hsp40 chaperones can transfer their protein clients to Hsp70, and Hsp70 can transfer clients to Hsp90, but the functional benefits of these transfers are unclear. Recent structural and mechanistic work has opened up the possibility of uncovering how Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 work together as unified system. In this review, we compile mechanistic data on the ER J-domain protein 3 (ERdj3) (an Hsp40), BiP (an Hsp70), and Grp94 (an Hsp90) chaperones within the endoplasmic reticulum; what is known about how these chaperones work together; and gaps in this understanding. Using calculations, we examine how client transfer could impact the solubilization of aggregates, the folding of soluble proteins, and the triage decisions by which proteins are targeted for degradation. The proposed roles of client transfer among Hsp40-Hsp70-Hsp90 chaperones are new hypotheses, and we discuss potential experimental tests of these ideas.
A Clinical Psychologist Who Studies Alcohol
Authors: Sher Kenneth J.
Published: May 2023

In this article, I describe why I believe the study of alcohol use and its consequences is a rich and rewarding area of scholarly activity that touches on multiple disciplines in the life sciences, the behavioral sciences, and the humanities. I then detail the circuitous path I took to become an alcohol researcher and the various challenges I encountered when starting up my research program at the University of Missouri. A major theme of my journey has been my good fortune encountering generous, brilliant scholars who took an interest in me and my career and who helped guide and assist me over the course of my career. I also highlight selected, other professional activities I've been involved in, focusing on editorial work, quality assurance, and governance of professional societies. While the focus is on my training and work as a psychologist, the overarching theme is the interpersonal context that nurtures careers.
Modeling Mechanical Behavior of Membranes in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers
Authors: Kink Julian , Ise Martin , Bensmann Boris , Hanke-Rauschenbach Richard
Published: May 2023

Membranes in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) stacks are exposed to severe mechanical stress due to mechanical compression. Particularly critical is the gap between cell frame and porous transport layers (PTL). In this work mechanical stresses and strains on the membrane occurring during assembly and operation are quantified using a finite-element analysis applied to a simplified single cell sandwich. Within the simulation a Nafion® 117 membrane and the elastic-viscoplastic Silberstein material model is used. The material model parameters are based on and validated by experimental data from tensile tests to ensure matching with real PEMWE systems. The validated material model is used in cell simulations to identify resulting stresses and strains acting on the membrane. In accordance with experimental data, no critical states were identified. Furthermore, differential pressure up to 10 bar could not cause any significant change compared to deformations resulting during balanced pressure operation. Varying the gap size between cell frame and PTL resulted in a buckling in the simulated membrane for sizes of 0.3 mm and more during the membrane swelling. Such simulations can improve future cell designs while using an appropriate gap size with a given membrane thickness to avoid buckling and therefore possible failures.
Hepatic mTORC2 compensates for loss of adipose mTORC2 in mediating energy storage and glucose homeostasis
Authors: Frei Irina C. , Weissenberger Diana , Müller Christoph , Hall Michael N. , Shimobayashi Mitsugu
Published: May 2023

Loss of adipose and hepatic mTORC2 causes diabetes.
The miR-143/145 cluster induced by TGF-β1 suppresses Wilms’ tumor 1 expression in cultured human podocytes
Authors: Tabei Akifumi , Sakairi Toru , Hamatani Hiroko , Ohishi Yuko , Watanabe Mitsuharu , Nakasatomi Masao , Ikeuchi Hidekazu , Kaneko Yoriaki , Kopp Jeffrey B. , Hiromura Keiju
Published: May 2023

This study by miRNA microarray analysis demonstrated that miR-143-3p expression was upregulated in cultured human podocytes following exposure to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Furthermore, we report that the miR-143/145 cluster contributes to decreased expression of Wilms’ tumor 1, which represents a possible mechanism for podocyte injury induced by TGF-β1. This study is important because it presents a novel mechanism for TGF-β-associated glomerular diseases, including diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and suggests potential therapeutic strategies targeting miR-143-3p/145-5p.
Awareness, Willingness to Join, and Affordability of Social Health Insurance among Public Employees in Arba Minch Town, South Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Bahiru Mulatu , Bassa Muluken Bafa , Gujo Mintesinot Melka , Hailu Alemayehu Desalegn , Mebratie Anagaw Derseh , Domba Markos Manote , Belachew Aleme Mekuria , Woldehanna Berhane Tassew
Published: May 2023

Background. As part of the efforts being made to achieve universal health coverage, Ethiopia plans to introduce a social health insurance scheme for the formal sector. Although the contribution will be collected as 3% of an employee’s gross salary from both the employee and employer, there is a concern that the premium may not be affordable for the majority of civil servants and that there could be limited interest in joining the scheme. As a result, the purpose of this study was to assess public servants’ awareness, willingness to join, and affordability of social health insurance in Arba Minch, south Ethiopia. Methods and Materials. A cross-sectional study design was used with 713 randomly chosen public employees from Arba Minch town from January 1 to 30, 2019. The survey participants were selected based on a multistage stratified random sampling method. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize awareness and affordability of the scheme, and both bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine factors driving the outcome variables. Variables that had a

p

value of less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis were changed to multivariate analysis, and a

p

value of less than 0.05 was cutoff point for multivariate analysis. The odds ratio and 95% CI were used to report the findings. Result. In this study, 692 people voluntarily participated, which corresponds to a response rate of 97%. As the results revealed, 347 (50.1%) respondents had never heard of SHI before, 607 (87.7%) were able to afford the 3% of gross salary per month as a scheme premium, and 254 (36.7%) were willing to join the scheme. Working sector, regularly listening for health information through mass media, and social network participation were significantly associated with awareness of the SHI scheme. Also, educational status, family size, and net income were found to be significant factors associated with the affordability of the SHI scheme. On the other hand, awareness of SHI, family size, regularly listening for health information, and participation in social networks were significantly associated with willingness to join SHI during multivariate analysis. Conclusion. Half of the participants were unaware of social health insurance, suggesting that the program is not well known. Although only one-third of respondents were willing to join and pay for the program, the majority were able to afford the proposed contribution of 3% of gross wages per month.
Microfriction Stir Welding of Aluminium Using ABB IRB 1410 Robot
Authors: Manoj Samson R. , Aravind R. , Muthiya Solomon Jenoris , Arockia Dhanraj Joshuva , Velmurugan Karthikeyan , Lin Oo Saw
Published: May 2023

Industry 4.0 industries are relying on automation processes using robots. Robots are multifunctional reprogrammable machines tuned to be used in any process with high accuracy and repeatability. The advent of intelligent technology allows better precision in the welding process. One such robotic welding process is the robot microfriction welding process which is slowly replacing conventional ones. Robot microfriction stir welding (RMFSW) process mainly relays on friction between the tool and material making it more suitable for joining metals in the industries such as automotive and aerospace applications. The robot-assisted MFSW process can provide better joints without human intervention. In this work, a shrinking flange has been designed and fabricated to grip the end effector with the robot. A microfriction stir welding tool was manufactured using EN24 and used to weld 1 mm thin aluminium 1100 sheets. Both the flange and MFSW tools were designed in SOLIDWORKS software. Taguchi L9 was designed with three factors such as motor speed, traverse speed, and plunging depth. The robot microfriction stirs welded samples had controlled bead width and depth of penetration. Mechanical results show an improvement in hardness after the welding process. TOPSIS optimization technique was carried out. The motor speed of 20,000 rpm, traverse speed of 2 mm/sec, and plunge depth of 0.7 mm were found to be the best-optimized parameters.
Influence of Sowing Date on Phenology, Biometric, and Yield of Mungbean (Vigna radiata) Cultivars in Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Neupane Madhav Prasad , Musalman Hashmullah , Sah Shrawan Kumar
Published: May 2023

Mungbean is a commercially promising legume crop, accounting for a very low productivity of approximately 0.5 tons ha1 in the Terai region of Nepal. This study aimed to achieve the potential yield of mungbean promising cultivars planting at optimum sowing time. An experiment was conducted at the Agriculture and Forestry University (AFU), Rampur, Chitwan, during the spring of 2019 in a split-plot design (SPD) with three replications and 16 treatment combinations. Four sowing dates at 15 days intervals (13th February, 28th February, 15th March, and 30th March) of 2019; cultivars viz. Kalyan, Pratikshya, Pratigya, and Pant-5 are considered as main and subplot factors. The Dunken test was carried out to compare the mean in R-software at

p
≤
0.05

level of significance. The results revealed that earlier planting (Feb 13 planting) resulted in delayed emergence, slower growth, and the lowest yield (1.79 tons/ha). The March 15 to March 30 plantations resulted in significantly faster emergence, germination, and growth showing a higher yield. Pant-5 yielded a higher grain yield, which was statistically at par with Partigya (2.08 tons/ha) and Partikshya (1.983 tons/ha). Vigna radiata plantations from March 15 to March 30 are the optimum sowing times for higher productivity (2.119 tons/hectare) and high potential yield, which can be applied for perfect decision-making in mungbean plantations. Future work on least-squares analysis for understanding the genotypic-environment interaction of economic traits and the effect of different nutrient sources on cultivars has scope.
Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease: The Link between Gut, Heart, and Kidneys
Authors: Kaur Avleen , Baqir Syed M. , Jana Kundan , Janga Kalyana C.
Published: May 2023

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have a five times higher risk of gastrointestinal bleed (GIB) and mortality than the general population. Aortic stenosis (AS) has been associated with GIB from intestinal angiodysplasia. In this retrospective analysis, we obtained data from the 2012 and 2019 National Inpatient Sample. The primary outcome of interest was all-cause in-hospital mortality and risk factors of mortality in patients with ESRD with GIB with aortic valve disorders especially AS. We identified all patients (≥18 years of age) with ESRD (

n
=
1,707,452

) and analyzed based on discharge diagnosis of valvular heart disease (

n
=
6521

) in patients with GIB compared with those without GIB (

n
=
116,560

). Survey statistical methods accounting for strata and weighted data were used for analysis using survey packages in R (version 4.0). Baseline categorical data were compared using Rao-Scott chi square test, and continuous data were compared using Student’s t-test. Covariates were assessed using univariate regression analysis, and factors with

p

value less than 0.1 in the univariate analysis were entered in the final model. The univariate and multivariable associations of presumed risk factors of mortality in ESRD with GIB patients were performed by Cox proportional hazards model censored at length of stay. Propensity score matching was done using MatchIt package in R (version 4.3.0). 1 : 1 nearest neighbour matching was done with propensity scores estimated through logistic regression, in which occurrence of GIB, valvular lesions, and AS was regressed according to other patient characteristics. Among patients with ESRD with valvular heart diseases, AS was found to be associated with increased risk of GIB (

adj
.
OR
=
1.005

; 95% CI 1.003–1.008;

p
<
0.01

). ESRD patients with AS showed increased risk of lower GIB (

OR
=
1.04

; 95% CI 1.01–1.06;

p
=
0.02

), colonic angiodysplasia (

OR
=
1.03

; 95% CI 1.01–1.05;

p
<
0.01

), stomach and duodenal angiodysplasia (

OR
=
1.03

; 95% CI 1.02–1.06;

p
<
0.01

), need for blood transfusion add pressors as compared to those without AS. However, there was no increased risk of mortality (

OR
=
0.97

; 95% CI 0.95–0.99;

p
<
0.01

).