bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling and computation of heterogeneous implicit solvent and its applications for biomolecules
Authors: Chen Duan
Published: December 2014

Description of inhomogeneous dielectric properties of a solvent in the vicinity of ions has been attracting research interests in mathematical modeling for many years. From many experimental results, it has been concluded that the dielectric response of a solvent linearly depends on the ionic strength within a certain range. Based on this assumption, a new implicit solvent model is proposed in the form of total free energy functional and a quasi-linear Poisson-Boltzmann equation (QPBE) is derived. Classical Newton’s iteration can be used to solve the QPBE numerically but the corresponding Jacobian matrix is complicated due to the quasi-linear term. In the current work, a systematic formulation of the Jacobian matrix is derived. As an alternative option, an algorithm mixing the Newton’s iteration and the fixed point method is proposed to avoid the complicated Jacobian matrix, and it is a more general algorithm for equation with discontinuous coefficients. Computational efficiency and accuracy for these two methods are investigated based on a set of equation parameters. At last, the QPBE with singular charge source and piece-wisely defined dielectric functions has been applied to analyze electrostatics of macro biomolecules in a complicated solvent. A set of computational algorithms such as interface method, singular charge removal technique and the Newtonfixed- point iteration are employed to solve the QPBE. Biological applications of the proposed model and algorithms are provided, including calculation of electrostatic solvation free energy of proteins, investigation of physical properties of channel pore of an ion channel, and electrostatics analysis for the segment of a DNA strand.
The Influence of Tool Composite's Structure During Process of Diamond Grinding of Ceramic Materials
Authors: Gawlik Józef , Niemczewska-Wójcik Magdalena , Krajewska Joanna , Sokhan Serghej V. , Paščenko E.A. , Žuk T.S.
Published: December 2014

This paper presents the results of the tests performed during the grinding process of the ceramic materials: – polycrystalline ceramics (Zirconium ZrO2) and mono-crystalline ceramics (sapphire α-Al2O3) by the diamond tools. Studies have shown that the concentration (thickening) of the tool composite changes the tool's pore structure when using suitable wetted adamantine additives. Such modified composite has positive impact on tribological properties of the subsurface layer of the machined components. This is manifested by the reduction of the surface roughness and reduction of the vibration amplitude of the coefficient of friction. The possibilities of the positive effects when using wetted additives on the tool's composite during the pressing (briquetting) stage confirm the study results.
Clinical severity of human infections with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, China, 2013/14
Authors: Feng L , Wu J T , Liu X , Yang P , Tsang T K , Jiang H , Wu P , Yang J , Fang V J , Qin Y , Lau E H , Li M , Zheng J , Peng Z , Xie Y , Wang Q , Li Z , Leung G M , Gao G F , Yu H , Cowling B J
Published: December 2014

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Movement and Time in the Nexus between Technological Modes with Jean Tinguely’s Kineticism
Authors: Chau Christina
Published: December 2014

This paper addresses auto-destructive artworks by Jean Tinguely, Homage to New York (1960) and Study for an End of the World No. 2 (1962), to explore a changing consciousness of time in a period of technological transition from modern industrial machines towards the domestication of televisual devices. One effect of these is works is a contribution to a turbulent consciousness of time by orchestrating new perceptions of temporality with mechanical and tele-communicational media. Tinguely’s kineticism is useful for articulating how different technologies can be used to rationalize time in different ways and highlight an incompatibility between the expression of time as an unfolding duration with mechanical media, and the temporal demands of televisual broadcast media.
Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Household Kitchen Waste Separation Services in Haidian and Dongcheng Districts, Beijing City
Authors: Yuan Yalin , Yabe Mitsuyasu
Published: December 2014

This paper reports a contingent valuation study on household kitchen waste separation (HKWS) services via willingness to pay (WTP) conducted in the Haidian and Dongcheng districts of Beijing city in 2013. This study focuses on a real program to understand households’ attitudes toward HKWS and to estimate the value of HKWS services. The results of this study revealed that 41.4% agreed to accept the proposed price of HKWS services, while 42.2% refused to pay, but with a positive attitude toward the HKWS program. In addition, respondents’ WTP for proposed HKWS services is significantly related to the level of bid price and their gender, age and education experience. Attitudinal factors that affect resident WTP were also found. For example, respondents who perceive themselves as having a higher ability to conduct HKWS at the source are more willing to pay for their HKWS services, while respondents who complain of the inconvenience of conducting HKWS show negative WTP. The results also showed that on average each household is willing to pay about US$1.44 per month for HKWS services, which is based on 327 respondents after excluding 64 (16.4% of all sample) who indicated complete opposition to the HKWS program.
Addressing Health Disparities in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Chan Ta-Chien , Fan I.-Chun , Liu Michael , Su Ming-Daw , Chiang Po-Huang
Published: December 2014

According to the official health statistics, Taiwan has the highest prevalence of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in the world. Each year, around 60,000 ESRD patients in Taiwan consume 6% of the national insurance budget for dialysis treatment. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been climbing during 2008–2012. However, the spatial disparities and clustering of CKD at the public health level have rarely been discussed. The aims of this study are to explore the possible population level risk factors and identify any clusters of CKD, using the national health insurance database. The results show that the ESRD prevalence in females is higher than that in males. ESRD medical expenditure constitutes 87% of total CKD medical expenditure. Pre-CKD and pre-ESRD disease management might slow the progression from CKD to ESRD. After applying ordinary least-squares regression, the percentages of high education status and the elderly in the townships are positively correlated with CKD prevalence. Geographically weighted regression and Local Moran’s I are used for identifying the clusters in southern Taiwan. The findings can be important evidence for earlier and targeted community interventions and reducing the health disparities of CKD.
Targeting: Logistic Regression, Special Cases and Extensions
Authors: Schaeben Helmut
Published: December 2014

Logistic regression is a classical linear model for logit-transformed conditional probabilities of a binary target variable. It recovers the true conditional probabilities if the joint distribution of predictors and the target is of log-linear form. Weights-of-evidence is an ordinary logistic regression with parameters equal to the differences of the weights of evidence if all predictor variables are discrete and conditionally independent given the target variable. The hypothesis of conditional independence can be tested in terms of log-linear models. If the assumption of conditional independence is violated, the application of weights-of-evidence does not only corrupt the predicted conditional probabilities, but also their rank transform. Logistic regression models, including the interaction terms, can account for the lack of conditional independence, appropriate interaction terms compensate exactly for violations of conditional independence. Multilayer artificial neural nets may be seen as nested regression-like models, with some sigmoidal activation function. Most often, the logistic function is used as the activation function. If the net topology, i.e., its control, is sufficiently versatile to mimic interaction terms, artificial neural nets are able to account for violations of conditional independence and yield very similar results. Weights-of-evidence cannot reasonably include interaction terms; subsequent modifications of the weights, as often suggested, cannot emulate the effect of interaction terms.
The Performance Analysis of the Tactical Inertial Navigator Aided by Non-GPS Derived References
Authors: Chiang Kai-Wei , Lin Cheng-An , Duong Thanh-Trung
Published: December 2014

The Inertial Navigation System (INS) is now widely applied in many navigation and mobile mapping applications due to its high sampling rates, high accuracy in short-term cases, and no limitations caused by interference or signal obstructions. In addition, the INS can continuously provide the position, velocity and attitude of a vehicle. Conversely, the disadvantage of the stand-alone INS is that its accuracy degrades rapidly with time because of the accumulations of systematic errors and noises from accelerometers and gyroscopes. Therefore, this research aims to implement an integrated system with specific 3D position updates using non-GPS derived references to aid a tactical inertial navigator to provide seamless navigation solutions in the specific area without Global Positioning System (GPS) signals. An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is applied as the core estimator to provide superior performance and output the navigation solutions in real-time. The INS is updated by position from references such as the digital map, land mark, Digital Terrain Model (DTM) as well as waypoint to improve navigation accuracy in the long-term. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, field tests including land scenario in freeway and airborne scenario with an unmanned aerial test platform have been conducted. The preliminary results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm with non-GPS derived references aiding from digital map and waypoint for onboard aerial camera trigger to provide uninterrupted navigation solutions and better performance which can achieve the meter-level accuracy without GPS aiding for land and aerial scenarios, respectively.
Comprendre et enseigner la mondialisation (approche générale) (Understanding and teaching globalization : a general approach)
Authors: Dauriac Jean-Michel
Published: December 2014

Globalization is today recognized as an important factor. Its understanding and its teaching become thus a necessity in the French education system. However the space and time given for understanding these processes in the school programs are limited. The young French citizen going to school is not given the essential keys to understand them. It becomes then urgent to revise our school programs and adapt them to the present world.
Deux méta-discours et leurs usages géographiques : mondialisation et développement durable (Two meta-discourses and their geographical uses : globalization and sustainable development)
Authors: Lefort Isabelle
Published: December 2014

Although the notions and terms of globalisation and sustainable development are chronologically very close, their reception by French geographers reveal problems specific to each of them. The paper highlights some of the scientific and disciplinary difficulties at stake.
Les communautés rurales des Parcs nationaux de l'Ouest américain. (Rural communities in Western U.S. National Parks)
Authors: Moumaneix Caroline
Published: December 2014

Les trois quarts des parcs nationaux américains contiennent des enclaves privées, souvent identifiables à des communautés rurales. Elles témoignent d'un volet de l'histoire américaine, le « Homesteading ». Le National Park Service se doit de gérer au mieux ces enclaves au sein des parcs, déployant un certain nombre de stratégies de contournement ou de moyens d'action dans leur gestion interne. Les résidants sont confrontés à des mesures plus ou moins restrictives de la part du NPS, les tensions sont réelles mais les compromis restent possibles.
Spoliation et conflits territoriaux autour de la réserve des Nez Percé (Idaho). (Spoliation and territorial conflicts around the Nez Percé reservation in Idaho)
Authors: Barbier Nicolas
Published: December 2014

Les Indiens Nez Percé de I' Idaho ont subi dès 1863 une forte rétractation de la superficie de la réserve qui leur avait été allouée par le gouvenement fédéral en 1855. L 'auteur examine, à travers une série d'entretiens et de rappels historiques, l 'attitude des acteurs face aux conflits territoriaux qui se manifestent aujourd'hui dans cet espace du Nord-Ouest des États-Unis
Les petites capitales des États de l'Ouest des États-Unis. (Small state capitals in the American West)
Authors: Montès Christian
Published: December 2014

Gateways of the mid- 19th century Frontier, the Western American State Capitals have, once this territory had been stabilized, experienced a long eclipse due to the discrepancy between their mostly political status and the economic processes that led to contemporary metropolization. Their recent growth may be attributed to a better image, to the growth of state powers, as well as to an increasing inclination of the population towards small town amenities. State capitals, basing their revival on their extra-ordinary built heritage and on the stability conferred by their numerous governmental jobs, might foreshadow the renewal of small towns.
La contribution de la grande vitesse ferroviaire à l'interrégionalité en France. (High-speed rail and inter-regionality in France)
Authors: Zembri Pierre
Published: December 2014

La progression de la grande vitesse sur le réseau ferroviaire français se traduit par une domination écrasante des services TGV (75 % des voyageurs. km en 2006) sur les flux à longue et moyenne distance captés par le mode ferroviaire. Les relations de province à province entrent pour une part croissante dans cette offre, ressuscitant des liaisons qui avaient été supprimées dans les années 1970, et mettant en cause des relations plus directes jusqu 'ici assurées par train classique. Notre propos vise à rendre compte de cette montée en puissance sur un segment de marché jusqu'alors laissé pour compte, tout en montrant que les relations TGV interrégionales sont loin de remplacer terme à terme les trains classiques supprimés en contrepartie, du fait d'itinéraires très différents. Nous montrons également que toutes les liaisons TGV interrégionales ne transitent pas forcément par l 'Ile-de-France : le transversal pur complète désormais l 'offre diamétrale établie en premier lieu.
L'autel du Saint-Sépulcre de Biron et le tombeau de l'évêque Armand de Gontaut
Authors: Sangouard Antoinette , Sangouard Jacques
Published: December 2014

L'autel du Saint-Sépulcre de Biron et la tombe de l'évêque Armand de Gontaut, par Antoinette et Jacques Sangouard.

La chapelle du château de Biron en Périgord dont le Saint-Sépulcre et la Pietà, sont conservés au Metropolitan Museum de New York ne possède plus de son mobilier du XVe siècle que deux tombeaux. Un examen attentif de celui de l'évêque Armand de Gontaut révèle des anomalies importantes. Cette constatation, complétée par l'étude des documents figurés du XIXe siècle et de copies, permet de penser que ce tombeau est le résultat d'une restauration consécutive aux destructions révolutionnaires. Recomposé dans l'esprit des tombeaux factices d'A. Lenoir et de Du Mège, il comprend deux éléments hétérogènes : le gisant issu du tombeau d'origine et le sarcophage constitué de bas-reliefs de l'autel qui accompagnait le Sépulcre, autel orné de figures de Vertus comme à, Anet et Écouen.
Les châteaux médiévaux du Haut-Bassin de l'Orb (Hérault), étude archéologique
Authors: Journot Florence
Published: December 2014

Médieval castles in the upper basin of the Orb River (Hérault). An archaeological study, by Florence Journot.

The Upper basin of the Orb River, in the mountainous région of the northern Hérault, is traversed by a Valley that serves as a passage of secondary importance by comparison to Languedoc. During the late tenth Century and on through the eleventh, while some local « chief tains » remained, as they had always been ofncially, dépendants of the viscounts of Beziers, others were granted the right to establish themselves in high, almost impregnable locations. Their castles are cha- racterized by rapid exécution and an adaptation to the exigencies inhérent in the nature of the sites. They are composed of a few rectangular, adjoining rooms, or even simply a single hall. The majority of the castles studied in the région crop up at the end of the eleventh and during the twelfth century. At this time the sites are in lower régions and the castles are more elaborate : most are made of one or two lodgings built up against an outer wall,leaving a court-yard free. Successive patrimonial subdivisions impoverished families, and in the end the seigneurial lands were « reunited » in the hands of two or three of the most powerful barons. From the thirteenth to the fîfteenth century, castle construction becomes mucb more specialized (outposts for levying tolls or for surveillance) ; they are no longer the baronial seats. It is the town or the rieh piain of nearby Beziers that attracts the seigneury.
Messire Jehan Le Viste, chevalier, seigneur d'Arcy, et sa tenture au lion et à la licorne
Authors: Vaivre Jean-Bernard de
Published: December 2014

Herr Jehan Le viste, Ritter, Herr von Arcy, und sein Löwen- und Einhornteppich, von Jean-Bernard de Vaivre.

Der Verfasser gibt zuerst einen Überblick über die verschiedenen Arbeiten, der letzten fünfundzwanzig Jahre, die die Teppichreihe des Cluny-Museums betreffen, er unterstreicht dabei den Beitrag jeder einzelnen und auch die Fragen, die noch offenbleiben. Er beweist somit das besondere Interesse des Artikels von Sophie Schneebalg-Perelman von 1967 und das der Arbeiten, die zehn Jahre später von Alain Erlande-Brandenburg veröffentlicht worden sind ; als erster hat dieser den heraldischen Charakter der Teppichreihe hervorgehoben und hat die Elemente gesammelt, die darauf hinweisen, dass die Dame mit Löwe und Einhorn ein Auftrag des im Jahre 1500 verstorbenen Präsidenten des Steueramtes Jean (IV) Le Viste ist.

Eine jüngere Arbeit von Geneviève Souchal hat die Frage aufgeworfen, ob die Le Viste den Gebrauch von Beizeichen für die jüngeren Familienmitglieder beachteten. Jean Bernard "de Vaivre zeigt dass Jean III Le Viste im Jahre 1446 die auf den Teppichen dargestellten Wappen benutzt, aber mit einem Beizeichen. Dies Zeugnis macht die These zunichte, die behauptete, dass die Embleme der Teppiche von Cluny von den Le Viste erst nach dem Erwerb der Teppiche angenommen worden seien. Ausserdem hat man verschiedene Lakten verzeichnen können : die Titulatur, die von Jean Le Viste in seinen Akten und sogar bis zu seiner Grabklinge gebraucht worden sind, seine Testamentsbestimmungen, vor allem die, die den Wiederaufbau der Kapelle von Vindecy betreffen, wo man noch Glasfensterfragmente und Konsolen mit den von zwei Löwen getragenen Emblemen des Jean IV Le Viste sehen kann. Jean Le Viste hatte übrigens in seinem Haus in der Nähe von Arcy sein Wappen häufig angebracht, an verschiedenen Stellen geschnitzt (manchmal von zwei Löwen getragen), oder auch mit Modeln in die Fussbodenkacheln eingedruckt.

Der Verfasser vergleicht schliesslich verschiedene Züge des Baues von Arcy mit der Gruppe der kirchlichen Bauten die in der Prosptei von Ambierle, im Westen von Arcy, von Antoine de Balsac errichtet worden sind, dieser war der Onkel von Geoffroy de Balsac, der Jeanne Le Viste, Tochter des Jean IV, sieben Jahre vor dem Tod dieses letzteren geheiratet hatte, dies weist darauf hin, dass die Umbauten von Arcy zwischen 1490 und 1500 ausgeführt worden sind, d. i. in der wahrscheinlichen Austragszeit der Teppiche,
Surfing the Fringe: An Examination of Event Tourism Strategies of the Bleach Festival—Coolangatta Queensland
Authors: Mackellar Jo
Published: December 2014

Created as a celebration of art, music, and surf culture, the Bleach Festival was designed as a fringe-style event to be positioned in the week between two major surf events (Quiksilver/Roxy Pro and Burleigh Pro) held annually in Coolangatta, Queensland, Australia. Using visitor data
collected at the event, in conjunction with an in-depth interview of the event's manager, the study evaluates the success of the festival against its own objectives of tourism extension, destination brand development, and local artist engagement. Additionally, the study explores the utility
of augmentation strategies in achieving these objectives. Resultant issues in measuring the value of arts and cultural development in conjunction with tourism are further discussed.
A comparative study of the interactions of cationic hetarenes with quadruplex-DNA forming oligonucleotide sequences of the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR)
Authors: Dzubiel Darinka , Ihmels Heiko , Mahmoud Mohamed M A , Thomas Laura
Published: December 2014

The interactions of the ILPR sequence (ILPR = "insulin-linked polymorphic region") a2 [d(ACAG4TGTG4ACAG4TGTG4)] with [2.2.2]heptamethinecyanine derivatives 1a–e and with the already established quadruplex ligands coralyne (2), 3,3′-[2,6-pyridinediylbis(carbonylimino)]bis[1-methylquinolinium] (3), 4,4′,4′′,4′′′-(21H,23H-porphine-5,10,15,20-tetrayl)tetrakis[1-methylpyridinium] (4), naphtho[2,1-b:3,4-b′:6,5-b′′:7,8-b′′′]tetraquinolizinium (5) and thiazole orange (6) were studied. It is demonstrated with absorption, fluorescence and CD spectroscopy that all investigated ligands bind with relatively high affinity to the ILPR-quadruplex DNA a2 (0.2–5.5 × 106 M−1) and that in most cases the binding parameters of ligand-ILPR complexes are different from the ones observed with other native quadruplex-forming DNA sequences.
Rôle du mamanais dans les interactions avec les bébés à devenir autistique
Authors: Cassel Raquel
Published: December 2014

Cet article décrit la démarche employée par notre équipe de recherche pour démontrer l’implication du parentais au cours des interactions parent-enfant. Le manque d’appétence sociale des bébés qui présenteront plus tard un syndrome autistique, déjà démontré dans plusieurs études, nous a amené à postuler l’hypothèse d’une spirale interactive négative : leur faible réponse aux incitations de leurs parents pourrait appauvrir la production de parentais . Cette diminution, de plus en plus significative au fil du temps, pourrait en retour renforcer le retrait et le retard dans l’acquisition du langage. Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons participé au développement de méthodes computationnelles pour l’analyse des inter­actions précoces parents-bébé dans les films familiaux. Les deux études réalisées nous ont permis de conclure que le parentais était significativement associé aux réactions des bébés aux sollicitations parentales, que les parents des bébés qui plus tard ont développé un syndrome autistique présentaient des sollicitations plus intenses et riches en parentais . Aussi, que les pères de bébés qui développeront plus tard un syndrome autistique parlent plus à leurs bébés que les pères des bébés typiques, et que les vocalisations des pères étaient associées aux réponses type intersubjective et des comportements actifs des bébés qui ont développé un syndrome autistique.
Une petite lumière sur le soin précoce
Authors: Allione Marie
Published: December 2014

Il s’agit du début d’un travail de psychothérapie avec un bébé, âgé de 8 mois, et ses parents. Ce bébé montrait tous les signes d’engagement dans un processus autistisant. Ce premier temps de la thérapie est passé par une phase de « réanimation psychique » et de réalimentation de la rêverie des parents. Le codage du moindre signe fut interprété comme une adresse à l’autre, le thérapeute et les parents, le couplage de la voix et du regard ont permis la remise en route du circuit de la pulsion. Au bout de deux ans cette petite fille garde des particularités mais elle est entrée dans le langage, elle peut construire de petites histoires, ses relations avec les adultes et les enfants s’enrichissent et elle a démarré une scolarité ordinaire.
Une histoire en chantier : pratiques et enjeux de l'émigration allemande en Suisse (1914-1918)
Authors: Charrier Landry
Published: December 2014

Notre contribution rend compte des premiers résultats d’une recherche consacrée à l’histoire de l’émigration allemande en Suisse pendant la Grande Guerre. Si le volet culturel de la question a déjà donné lieu à un nombre relativement important de travaux – notamment par les spécialistes du dadaïsme – son versant politique n’a toujours pas fait l’objet d’un travail de fond analysant les pratiques dont ses acteurs furent les artisans dans l’espace et dans le temps. Composé de trois parties, notre article fait apparaître les grands enjeux de cette réflexion.
Les diplomates français et les neutres européens au sortir de la Grande Guerre (1918-1920)
Authors: Laniol Vincent
Published: December 2014

Au sortir d’une guerre totale, les diplomates français eurent bien des difficultés à accepter le statut de neutres conservé par certains pays européens. En dépit de leurs actions humanitaires, ils voyaient dans ces pays, qui avaient refusé tout au long de la guerre d’entrer dans le conflit, au mieux des perturbateurs dans la mise en place du blocus, des « profiteurs de guerre » s’enrichissant du commerce avec les belligérants, et au pire, des intrigants appelant à un retour de la paix, voire même des quasi-ennemis soutenant les Allemands qui exerçaient sur eux, estimaient les Français, une influence importante. Leur neutralité pendant la guerre constitua un handicap pour ces pays au moment de négocier la paix. Leurs revendications ne furent prises sérieusement en considération par Paris que lorsqu’elles étaient antiallemandes ou lorsque les neutres avaient adopté une attitude pro-alliée pendant le conflit. Cet aspect fut primordial, y compris au moment de discuter de la SDN et du nouvel ordre juridique mondial.
Nietzsche lecteur de Spinoza : réinterpréter la conservation ?
Authors: Benoit Blaise
Published: December 2014

Afin de clarifier la réalité elle-même, Nietzsche rapporte généalogiquement le «  conatus  » spinoziste à une volonté de statisme à laquelle il oppose la dynamique expansive de la volonté de puissance. Pourtant, on peut montrer que Nietzsche rejette moins la conservation qu’il ne la réinterprète dans l’ordre d’une grandeur à produire, indissociable du tragique.
Les préfaces de Nietzsche : invitation à la philosophie comme expérience
Authors: Béland Martine
Published: December 2014

Les philosophes accordent peu d’importance au genre de la préface, qu’ils peuvent tenir pour extérieur à l’œuvre proprement philosophique. Le fait que Nietzsche ait écrit plus de préfaces que de livres et l’importance qu’il leur accordait conduisent à reconsidérer ce point de vue. Replacées dans ses stratégies éditoriales, les préfaces de Nietzsche, dont la fonction est performative, montrent l’imbrication de la production et de la réception dans une œuvre ouverte au lecteur : elles mettent en scène l’exercice de la philosophie pour inciter le lecteur à faire lui-même cette « expérience vécue ».
Effects of Sb or Ba Addition on the Piezoelectric Properties of PZT
Authors: Hu Shun Min , Peng Gui Gui , Zheng De Yi
Published: December 2014

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) materials are wildly used in aviation, industry and our daily life. Actually, it becomes more and more important to improve its electrical properties. In this paper, the influences of antimony (Sb)-doping and barium (Ba)-doping and sintering temperature upon properties of PZT ceramics have been investigated. The relationships between the microstructure and electrical properties have been analyzed by means of XRD, SEM and impedance analyzer, etc.The XRD patterns indicate that all samples exhibit the tetragonal perovskite structure.This research also suggests that the best sintering temperature is 1190°C if the doping amount of Sb2O3and BaCO3are 0.6wt% and 0.2wt% respectively. In this case, the samples possess perfect electrical properties: tanδ=0.02, kp=66.3%, d33=438pC/N, ε=1740.
Study of Substrate for the Zinc Electrode in Acid Zn-PbO2 Flow Battery
Authors: Liu Han Min , Cheng Jie , Wen Yue Hua , Pan Jun Li , Cao Gao Ping
Published: December 2014

An investigation into the suitability of carbon materials, metallic lead and its alloys as substrates for the zinc electrode in acid Zn-PbO2 flow batteries was performed. No maximum current appears on the potentiostatic current transients recorded for the zinc deposition on the lead and its alloys. With increasing the overpotential, the progressive nucleation turns to be the 3D-instantaneous nucleation process employed for the resin-graphite composite. Hydrogen evolution on the graphite composite is effectively suppressed due to the doping of polymer resins. The rate of hydrogen evolution reaction on the lead is relatively weak, but on the lead alloys, the hydrogen evolution conversely becomes serious to a certain degree. Though the exchange current density of the zinc deposition and dissolution process on the graphite composite is relatively low, the zinc corrosion is weakened to a great extent. With the increase of deposition time, the zinc deposits tend to be more compact. Zinc galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling on the graphite composite reveals that the coulombic of over 90% can be found, exhibiting an excellent cycling stability.
The Research on the (1-x) PZT-x PMN Piezoelectric Materials
Authors: Peng Gui Gui , Hu Shun Min , Zheng De Yi
Published: December 2014

It is well known that piezoelectric ceramics are wildly used in many fields such as electrical sensors, actuators, alarm equipments etc. In this paper，the microstructure and the piezoelectric properties of Pb（Zr1/2Ti1/2）1-x（Nb2/3Mg1/3）xO3 (PMNZT) were studied. A novel B-site precursor method was adopted for preparing of Pb（Zr1/2Ti1/2）1-x（Nb2/3Mg1/3）xO3 samples. For investigating the crystallographic phase and microstructure of the samples, X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) methods have been adopted respectively. The results show that a pure perovskite structure can be obtained after sintering at 1220°C for 2h. Through this experiment, it has been found that when sintering at 1220°C for 2h and the amounts of the Pbx（Nb2/3Mg1/3）xO3 (PMN) is 0.14, the Pb（Zr1/2Ti1/2）1-x（Nb2/3Mg1/3）xO3 samples are with the best electrical properties as follows: dielectric constant (ε) is 1858, dielectric loss(tanδ) is 0.017, electromechanical coupling coefficient (Kp) is 0.515, piezoelectric constant(d33) is 362PC/N
Development of Software for Analyzing of Solar Irradiance and Sizing of Stand-Alone PV Power Systems
Authors: Mauledoux Mauricio , Caldas Oscar I. , Avilés Oscar F.
Published: December 2014

An analyzing software was developed for studying the solar irradiance on the Universidad Militar Nueva Granada (UMNG) Campus, as well as for sizing a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system in terms of power generation and energy storage, which is intended to be part of an hybrid DC smart grid with several energy sources, including not only solar but additional renewable. This software has a two stage sequential structure: First, it let to calculate the total solar energy resource and define the average irradiance and its variability for several user-defined periods, i.e. daily, monthly, annual and even multiannual. Simultaneously, the software gives the user a graphical data variation, where irradiance in hours of bright sunlight (at Standard Test Conditions - STC: 1 kWh/m2) and variability are organized in a period range (hours, days or months). The sizing stage let to define the system architecture in terms of modules and batteries, i.e. estimate PV network and battery bank. Finally, after providing load, voltage level and autonomy, it proceeds to calculations, considering factors of safety.
Process Optimization of High Oil Absorption Resins by Suspended Emulsion Polymerization and their Properties
Authors: Wang Hui Min , Li Jin Yuan , Ma Yan Li , Dai Jun Xiu , Zhao Li Li
Published: December 2014

To reduce costs and obtain excellent performance, acrylic modified lignin sulfonate instead of butyl methacrylate stearyl methacrylate was prepared to oil absorption resin. And 1, 4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinking agent, 2,2’-azo-bis-(2-methylpropionitrile) as the initiator, with butyl acrylate to product the high lignin oil-absorbing resin, selected the best scheme for preparing by the orthogonal method, and the different concentrations of lignin and the best resin properties determined by SEM and its oil absorption test. Experimental results show that the resin has the high oil absorption properties,the maximum absorption of 20 times, and the suction speed is fast that 90min to reach saturation; It also has other characteristics,such as inexpensive cost, lightweight, easy recycling and disposal, reusable and so on.
Preparation and Properties of Regenerated Sisal Cellulose from a Homogeneous Solution
Authors: Wang Fei , Liu Huan , Li Ji Hua , Wei Xiao Yi , Wang Yi Hong , Cui Li Hong , Li Te
Published: December 2014

The sisal cellulose was dissolved in ILs under optimal conditions of 150°C and 400W. The structure of sisal cellulose was changed from cellulose I to cellulose II, accompanied with the decrease of crystallinity through XRD, FT-IR analysis. According to the result of GPC, molecular weight distribution became more uniformly and narrow. This is because intra-and inter-hydrogen bond existed in cellulose were destroyed during the dissolution process in ILs. And the regenerated cellulose possessed better properties than the former, which could broaden the application fields of natural cellulose.
Passive Control for a 2D Wind Turbine Blade with a Locally Flexible Structure at Low Reynolds Number
Authors: Kang Wei
Published: December 2014

A passive control method is proposed for the performance enhancement of a 2D wind turbine blade using the aeroelastic coupling of locally flexible structure (LFS). An aeroelastic model of LFS airfoil is presented using the theory of shallow arch with large deformation. After the verification of numerical algorithm, the interaction between flow and LFS airfoil on the performance is studied with various elastic stiffness. The results show that the unsteady interaction between fluid and structure has a great potential to improve the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil. The lift-drag ratio of the airfoil is enhanced significantly at proper structural parameters, compared with the rigid airfoil. The idea for locally flexible structure can be considered as a smart structure for enhancing the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade.
Synthesis and Characterization of Non-Surfactant Mesoporous Chitosan/Silica Composite Sorbent and its Purification of Sugarcane Juice Bioresources
Authors: Chen Pei Pei , Zheng Chun Ming , Chen Xiang Zhi , Yang Zhi Wu , Xia Jun , Guo Ming Lin , Sun Xiao Hong
Published: December 2014

Mesoporous chitosan-silica composite sorbent has been successfully synthesized by a simple and facile template-free hydrolyzing route from single cheap silica precursor of sodium silicate. The overall decolorization efficiency and capacity for sugar juice between pure chitosan and composite sorbent are very close in field pilot-scale, while much lower quantity of chitosan (only 10 wt.%) is used to build the composite sorbent. The success of increased purification performance and sorption capacity of sugar juice is ascribed to the appropriate pore structure of the composite sorbent with high surface area (395 m2/g), large pore size (7.73×10-9 m) and high percentage of accessible free amine groups of chitosan (70 %).
Preparation of Alumina Microfiltration Membrane with Different Titanium Oxide Content
Authors: Han Run Lin , Geng Yun , Zhou Jian Er , Wang Yong Qing
Published: December 2014

Alumina microfiltration membrane was prepared with solid particle sintering method by changing the content of TiO2. The membrane flux, rejection to PEG10000 and rupture strength were tested. The results showed that: when the firing temperature is 1400°C, PVA is 2%, TiO2 is 1%, alumina microfiltration membrane flux reached 1.93m3/m2·h, PEG10000 retention rate is 13.5%, and the flexural strength is 74.38MPa.
Selection and Application of Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching Auxiliary for Wine Corks
Authors: Cui Shu Ling , Liu Jian Peng
Published: December 2014

The paper expounded theoretically the requirements for choosing the auxiliaries in wine corks bleaching with hydrogen peroxide. Then, the analysis to the imported auxiliary CATALOR was described by chemical and instrumental means. In the end, ammonium bicarbonate was selected as the bleaching auxiliary according to the results both theoretical and experimental analysis, and its application process parameters were proposed.
An Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test on Fly-Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete in Frequency Domains
Authors: Kim Jee Sang , Kim Tae Hong
Published: December 2014

The Non-Destructive Test techniques on concrete, which can assess the properties of materials without damages, have been developed as the deteriorations of existing structures increase. Among them, the ultrasonic pulse velocity (USPV) method is widely used because it can investigate the states of one material for a long time and repeatedly. However, there have been few researches on the NDT application to geopolymer concrete which is environment friendly construction material without any cement. This paper investigates the variations of ultrasonic pulse velocity and peak frequency of geopolymer concrete under monotonically increasing loads to assess the material conditions with various compressive strength levels by measuring P-wave signals. The pulse velocities and peak frequencies were higher in high strength geopolymer concrete specimens. There are not explicit relations between strength levels and peak frequencies but the peak frequencies are strongly influenced by the applied stress levels. In addition, a predicting equation for compressive strength of geopolymer concrete is derived based on experimental data in similar form for normal concrete.
A Study on the Distribution of Net-Phytoplankton and Nutrients [N, P] of Xiangshan Bay in Summer
Authors: Zhu Gen Hai , Chen Li Hong , Feng Wei Hua , Jin Mao , Qian Jian
Published: December 2014

The distributions of net-phytoplankton and nutrients were studied in Xiangshan Bay in summer, 2012. The results showed that in summer, the higher values of net-phytoplankton cell abundance were distributed in the areas of Tie port, Huangdun port and Xihu Port. Whereas, the lower values were mainly found in the stations located in the outer area of Xiangshan Bay and the area around Liuheng Island. The content of nitrate in the middle of the bay was higher than that both in the bottom and the entrance of the bay. The concentration of nitrate in the bottom water was a little higher than that in the surface water. The distribution trends of the concentration of nitrite, ammonium and phosphate were almost the same. The higher values were discovered in the sea area of Tie port and Huangdun port and the lower were mainly distributed in the area of the outer Xiangshan Bay and the sea area around Liuheng Island. The distribution trends were almost the same no matter in the surface water or in the bottom water. From the bottom to the middle to the entrance of the bay, the values reduced in turn. In summer, in the water of Xiangshan Bay, net-phytoplankton cell abundance and nutrient (N, P) content didn’t have significant correlation. The concentration of the nutrients (Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonium and Phosphate) was far more than the minimum threshold of the growth of phytoplankton.
Sulphation of Topsoil in Hehua Village, Zhijin County, Guizhou Province
Authors: Hong Xiu Ping , Bai Jiang Wei , Wang Hong Jie
Published: December 2014

The endemic fluorosis in western Guizhou Province,southwest China was confirmed to be collected with high-content fluorine in topsoil (clay for coal-burning) of Hehua Village, Zhijin County,Guizhou Province ,which was considered to be closely associated with the long-term occurrence of endemic fluorosis. The new discovery in this article confirms that the mean value of apparent acidity of topsoil (pHa) in this village is 4.92;The measured average value of total sulfate radical was 4465μg/g. In addition, the apparent acidity and the content of total sulfate were positively correlated (correlation coefficient:0.7920).The result shows that the topsoil in this village is acidic and may belong to sulphation.
Sensitivity of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration in Shaanxi Province
Authors: Song Yue , Su Xiao Ling
Published: December 2014

Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) is a key to estimate crop water requirements, and also an important component of irrigation schedule and water resources planning, sensitivity analysis are crucial in assessing the impact of climate changes inET0estimations. In this study, based on the daily meteorological data of 18 meteorological stations in Shanxi Province from 1961 to 2000, the dailyET0values were calculated using Penman-Monteith equation recommended by FAO-56. The trends of climate variables were detected by using Mann-Kendall test. Sensitivity coefficients were employed to predict responses ofET0to five climatic variables, combined with annual of meteorological factors quantitative analysis ofET0changes. The results show that statistically significant decreasing trends are observed in wind and daily sunshine hours in Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi. Relative humidity has a significant decreasing trend in northern Shaanxi. In general,ET0value is on the decline; relative humidity is the most sensitive variable, followed by solar radiation, daily sunshine hour, wind speed and mean temperature. The change ofET0is primarily attributed to the significantly decreasing in wind speed and sunshine hour.
Study on the Liquefaction Technology of Corn Stalk-Biomass Materials
Authors: Li Xue Qin , Li Xiang Yu , Qi Wei , Shi Jun You , Zhang Ji Ping , Pang Jiu Yin
Published: December 2014

Corn straw was used as the main raw material, rice husk, peanut shell and sawdust were used as auxiliary materials; First using qualitative analysis method determined the samples of moisture, ash content, volatile matter, calorific value and the content of cellulose, hemicellulose lignin. Secondly in sulfuric acid as catalyst, ethylene glycol as liquefied agent, ethanol as auxiliary liquefied conditions, corn straw is liquefied. On this basis, single factor experiment was used to investigate the effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and liquefied agent on the liquefaction reaction. The experiment results show that reaction temperature is 250°C, reaction time is 2h, dosage of sulfuric acid is 2.9%, the liquefaction rate is 80%. And infrared spectrum analysis of liquefied products and scraps show that lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose have been broken down into different components, and two liquefaction are joined at the same time, the corn straw happen two different reactions.
Design and Implementation of Chemical Wastewater pH Control System
Authors: Qian Yun , Wu Tao , Zhang Meng Fan
Published: December 2014

pH parameter is one of the main factors influencing organic degradation in the sewage treatment, and the degradation of organic matter in biochemical treatment unit is the largest, the hydrolysis acidification processing unit is the second largest. When the water pH range of biochemical treatment unit is [6.8 7.2], organic degradation is in the largest degree. The pH range of neutralization unit must be based on a subsequent hydrolysis acidification treatment unit, in order to adjust the pH range dynamically. Finally we make wastewater treated by biochemical unit meet the pH standard, and make the organic matter degrade in the largest degree. We designed chemical wastewater pH intelligent control device based on MSP430F149 MCU. The application of this device shows that the method has high control accuracy, less drug consumption and has large organic matter degradation in the sewage treatment plant, etc.
Mercury Removal from Flue Gas with Fe-Doped Titania Photocatalyst
Authors: Zhao Xu Ying , Zhou Jun , Wu Jiang , Ni Bu , Li Xian , Yu Shen , Xu Jin , Gao Han
Published: December 2014

The titanium-based nanocatalysts were prepared and used to photocatalytically oxidize Hg0 to remove it in the simulated flue gas in this paper .The modified commercial degussa P25 and Fe3+ doped TiO2 photocatalyst prepared with sol-gel method were applied to conduct the experimenent on self-built experimental platform to test their photocatalytically oxidation performance on mercury in the simulated flue gas.By designing different ratios of Fe2O3/TiO2, comparison experiments under UV(ultra violet) irradiation, it was compared with the result of the experiment and reference documents to verify the rationality of the experimental results and the accuracy. The best catalyst modification conditions were determined and analyzed the Fe-doped TiO2 photocatalytic mechanism to guarantee high or higher mercury removal from flue gas.
Wind Farm Collector System Research
Authors: Wang Yu Hua , Jin Zhao , Liu Zong Qi , Dong Zhong Xing
Published: December 2014

As environment problem becomes increasingly prominent and energy supply becomes more and more tension, wind power as a kind of clean and renewable energy is more and more popular. The installation of large scale wind farms has been paid much attention. Collector system consolidates the power generated by turbine units to a substation from where the generated power is transmitted to the power system. Where designing a wind farm collector system, the economics and reliability of operation should be taken consideration. This paper introduces the concept and some typical layouts of the wind farm collector system, then take comparison of those layout around the economics and reliability, this may help to choose an appropriate cable layout when building a new wind farm.
Research on Treatment of Leaded Wastewater by Process Combined Fe/C Micro-Electrolysis with Microbial Adsorbent-Flocculant
Authors: Peng Rui Hao , Xu Xiao Jun , An Jun Jing , Yue Xiu Lin , Yang Ting Ting
Published: December 2014

The various affecting factors have been researched in this paper that the leaded wastewater was treated by means of the processing combined Fe-C micro-electrolysis with microbial adsorbent-flocculant. After that combined process, a greater percentage of lead removal was observed. The results showed that under the condition that initial PH of the infall wastewater is 3, the Fe/C mass ratio is 2:1, and the hydraulic retention time is 40 min for the micro electrolysis processing. The PH is 9, the microbial adsorbent-flocculant (ZX-1) dosage is 0.5g/L, and adsorption time is 90 min for subsequent microbial adsorption-flocculation. Under these optimal conditions, the removal rates of lead ion reached 99.958%,and their concentrations in wastewater were 0.042mg/L, which their ion concentrations in the outlet wastewater are under the class III of Surface Water Quality Standards(GB3838-2002) in China. That combined process achieved zero discharge of lead. It has been also showed that Pb ions are mainly removed by Fe/C micro-electrolysis, and the following microbial adsorption-flocculation excels at treating leaded wastewater of low concentration.