bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORRELATION OF PERIPHERAL SMEAR WITH RBC INDICES AND RBC HISTOGRAM IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ANEMIAAT TERTIARY CARE CENTER
Authors: Gavit Smita , Shah Pinal , Lapsiwala Sakshi , V Vaghasiya Kavita , Patel Dhriti
Published: February 2025

Introduction: RBC histogram is an integral part of automated analysis which in association with RBC indices, hematocrit, and RBC distribution
width provides major clues in the diagnosis and management of red cell disorders. Aims & Objective: To correlate peripheral smear findings with
RBC histogram patterns and RBC indices in the diagnosis of anemia. Material And Methods: 500 anemic patients with hemoglobin level<
11.5gm % on EDTAsample is collected and analysis done by ABX Micros 60 – HORIBA. An impression was made by the giemsa stain peripheral
smear without referring to the histogram. The RBC histogram and RBC indices were analyzed and the anemia was categorized. The correlation
between the diagnosis made by peripheral smear vs RBC histogram, indices was analyzed using Cramer's V. Results: Correlation of peripheral
smear analysis with RBC indices and RBC histogram were done. On RBC histogram and RBC indices, 80(16%) cases showed normocytic anemia
out of 76(15.2%) cases confirmed on peripheral smear. On RBC histogram and RBC indices 342(68.4%) cases showed microcytic anemia out of
329(65.8%) cases confirmed on peripheral smear. On RBC histogram and RBC indices, 25(5%) cases showed macrocytic anemia out of 11(2.2%)
cases confirmed on peripheral smear. In dimorphic anemia, 62(12.4%) cases were confirmed on peripheral smear, but RBC histogram and RBC
indices revealed 45(9%) cases. Hemolytic anemia, 22(4.4%) cases were confirmed on peripheral smear, but RBC histogram and RBC indices
revealed 8 (1.6%) cases. The correlation between diagnosis made by peripheral smear vs RBC histogram and indices was analyzed using Cramer's
V (0.667) which was statistically significant and the p-value is <0.0001. Conclusion: We concluded that diagnosis of anemia is supplemented by
RBC indices and histogram while interpreting microscopic examination of peripheral smear, a good idea can be obtained from reviewing the
histogram. However, visual microscopy is always superior for differentiating cells.
STRUCTURED NUTRITION EDUCATION MODULE FOR NURSE PRACTITIONER MIDWIVES: A PRACTICAL TOOL FOR BRIDGING THE GAP IN ANEMIA CARE
Authors: Sajid Asma , Kaur Indie , Reddy Radha , Malathi Ponnuru , Sashi Latha
Published: February 2025

Anemia during pregnancy is a major global health concern, impacting around 41% of pregnant women. Midwives are pivotal in antenatal care,
serving as the first point of contact for expectant mothers and addressing nutritional deficiencies such as anemia. Current study assesses the
effectiveness of Structured Nutrition Education (SNE) module in improving midwives' knowledge for anemia management, empowering them to
provide improved nutritional guidance and support during pregnancy, thereby enhancing maternal and fetal health outcomes. A cohort of 25
graduate nurses enrolled in the Nurse Practitioner Midwifery (NPM) program and stationed at Telangana's Public Health Care centers were
included in study. At the beginning of the study, baseline NPM knowledge was examined. Adietitian then led a 45-60-minute training session using
the SNE module to discuss dietary treatment of anemia. This module included interactive educational tools such as flip charts, short video clips, and
recipes to provide NPMs with practical approach for counselling pregnant women with anemia. Dieticians continuously observed and assessed
post-training knowledge retention at end of month. Training significantly enhanced NPMs' awareness of anemia thresholds, the benefits of oral iron
supplementation during fasting, and identifying caloric demands during pregnancy (p < 0.001). There was a considerable gain in awareness
regarding the diet diversity for pregnant women with anemia. As a result, this knowledge improvement emphasizes the necessity of focused
educational interventions in preparing healthcare providers to successfully address common dietary concerns
HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL CORRELATION IN FINDINGS OF TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF PROSTATE AND PROSTATE BIOPSY WITH SERUM PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN IN BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA
Authors: Dixit Aarcha , Gupta Mamta , Gupta Pankaj , Ramchandani Abhiraj , Singh Hora Mahendra , Yadav Amarnath , Parihar Monika Singh , Nema S. K. , Hemwani Kirti , Jain Roopam
Published: February 2025

Prostatic specific antigen is a glycoprotein produced by epithelial cells of prostate and has normal values ranging from 0-4 ng/ml, which in disease
processes like hyperplasia, inflammation, tumors, granulomatous prostatitis maybe released in the serum of the patient due to breach of prostatic
layers between the lumen and capillaries.(7,8).The prostate produces and secretes into the semen and the bloodstream Prostate specific antigen
(PSA), a 30kDa serine protease. The gene for PSA has two androgen response element .Elevated serum PSA levels are seen in hyperplasia, and
prostatitis and prostatic carcinoma.(11) The combination of Digital rectal examination (DRE), TRUS, & Serum PSAlevels is a powerful diagnostic
tool for both benign and malignant lesions.(13) On a global scale, diseases of the prostate gland cause significant morbidity and mortality amongst
adult males particularly over 60 years of age. (13)
ASSESSMENT OF SERUM LIPID PROFILE IN SENILE CATARACT PATIENTS ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL OF TRIPURA: A CROSSSECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Bhattacharjee Deepjyoti , Biswas Chinmoy , Sarkar Phani Kumar , R. Marak Izora Trudy
Published: February 2025

Background: Cataracts rank as the second leading cause of visual impairment globally after refractive errors, and are the primary cause of
preventable blindness. Aim of our study was to evaluate lipid profiles in patients with senile cataracts compared to age-matched controls, with an
objective of guiding new screening programs and treatment strategies. Materials And Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was
conducted in the Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with Department of Ophthalmology at Agartala Government Medical College and
Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, Tripura, from January 2023 to June 2024. The study included 100 senile cataract patients over 50 years old and 100
age-matched healthy controls. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very lowdensity lipoprotein (VLDL) were measured. The Student's t-test was used to compare means, with a p-value < 0.05 considered statistically
significant. Results: Astatistically significant increase (p<0.001) was observed in serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and VLDL
among cases compared to controls. In contrast, serum HDL levels were significantly lower (p<0.001) in cases than in controls. Conclusion: Our
findings reveal that hyperlipidemia may play a significant role in the development of senile cataract. Further research may be conducted to uncover
the role and molecular mechanisms of antioxidant protection in patients of senile cataract having hyperlipidemia.
CASE REPORT: SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF SYNDACTYLY USING DORSAL RECTANGULAR FLAP TECHNIQUE
Authors: Pandey Srijan Shailesh , Deodhar Shivani , Mishra Unnati , Kulkarni Ananta
Published: February 2025

Syndactyly is one of the most common congenital hand anomalies, characterized by the fusion of adjacent fingers. Established principles of
syndactyly separation are useful to determine the timing and order of syndactyly release, with the goal of surgical management being the creation of
an anatomically normal webspace, tension-free closure of soft tissue, and return of normal functioning of the fingers.(1)This condition, which can
range from simple soft tissue fusion to complex bony fusions, significantly affects hand functionality and aesthetics.The loss of function related to
the syndactyly is usually not severe and varies according to the digital webs affected, presence or not of bone fusion and to other associated
anomalies, especially when it is part of syndromes.(2)Here, we present the case of an 8-year-old male patient with syndactyly, surgically managed
using the dorsal rectangular flap technique for web space reconstruction. The surgical approach involved the creation of dorsal and palmar flaps and
a zigzag incision to separate the digits. The dorsal flap was employed to reconstruct the web space with successful functional and cosmetic
outcomes.
ASSESSMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS CONTROLAND ITS CORRELATION WITH COMMUNITY AWARENESS AND HEALTH-SEEKING BEHAVIOR IN A SEMIURBAN POPULATION OF NORTHERN GUJRAT.
Authors: Asari Ronak , Patel Prins , Patel Arpit
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Diabetes is a global health concern, with its prevalence rising in semi-urban populations. Despite advancements in treatment,
glycemic control remains suboptimal, often influenced by awareness and health-seeking behavior. This study aims to assess the level of diabetes
awareness, healthcare utilization, and their impact on glycemic control in a semi-urban population. Aims And Objectives: The study aims to
evaluate the association between diabetes awareness scores, healthcare access, and glycemic control. Key objectives include assessing
participants' knowledge of diabetes risk factors, complications, and monitoring, as well as identifying barriers to effective diabetes management in
semi-urban settings. Materials And Methodology: This cross-sectional study involved 152 adults diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes, selected from a
semi-urban healthcare center. Data on diabetes awareness, health-seeking behavior, and glycemic control (HbA1c levels) were collected via
structured questionnaires and medical records. Statistical analyses were performed to determine associations between awareness and glycemic
control. Results: The study found that only 30% of participants had optimal glycemic control, while higher awareness scores were significantly
correlated with better control. Routine healthcare follow-ups and specialist consultations were also associated with improved outcomes. Financial
constraints and limited healthcare access were identified as major barriers.Conclusion: The findings emphasize the need for targeted communitybased interventions to improve diabetes awareness and healthcare access. Strengthening primary healthcare systems and enhancing diabetes
education are essential to improving glycemic control and reducing the disease burden in semi-urban areas.
CALCINEURIN - A NEW ERA OF IMMUNITY
Authors: Sivakumar Kokila , R Boomica. , Ravikumar Shamala , Baskaran Adhithya
Published: February 2025

Calcineurin is a calcium/calmodulin dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase which plays a significant role in regulating cellular responses
and is also responsible for organ development. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) such as cyclosporine, tacrolimus, pimecrolimus, and voclosporin, are
immunosuppressant drugs primarily used in prevention of organ rejection in transplantation and managing autoimmune disorders. These agents act
by inhibiting the transcription of cytokines, thereby disrupting T-cell proliferation and differentiation. In the context of oral health, topical CNIs
have emerged as effective treatments for autoimmune conditions like oral lichen planus (OLP), they act as an alternative for patients who don't
respond to traditional corticosteroids. Cyclosporine and tacrolimus have demonstrated significant efficacy in managing OLP, with tacrolimus
being particularly noted for its effectiveness in recalcitrant cases. While both CNIs and corticosteroids have their respective advantages and
disadvantages, CNIs may be preferred for long-term management due to their favorable safety profile and reduced systemic side effects. In
addition, further research is necessary to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of CNIs in diverse patient populations, emphasizing the need for
ongoing monitoring and individualized treatment strategies.
A STUDY ON SINGLE-SITTING PAN-RETINAL PHOTOCOAGULATION USING MULTISPOT LASER FOR NEWLY DIAGNOSED PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Authors: Peethambaram Pooja , Kamath B Sripathi , Charlotte Akshata
Published: February 2025

Pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) is a cornerstone treatment for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), traditionally performed in multiple
sessions. Recent advancements, such as the multispot laser, allow for single-sitting PRP, which may improve patient compliance and streamline
care. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of single-sitting PRP in newly diagnosed PDR patients. A prospective, interventional study was
conducted at Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, involving 35 eyes of patients aged ≥40 years with newly diagnosed PDR. Patients
underwent comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation and single-sitting PRP using a multispot laser. Outcomes included changes in best-corrected
visual acuity (BCVA), macular thickness (OCT), neovascularization regression, and patient-reported satisfaction. Follow-ups were conducted at 2
weeks, 1 month, and 3 months. BCVAimproved significantly, with 60% of eyes achieving ≥6/18 vision at 1 month (p = 0.020). Neovascularization
regressed in 67.6% of cases within 1 month, with stabilization achieved in 91.4%. No significant macular edema or adverse events were observed,
and pain scores were minimal (mean: 0.89 ± 0.53). Higher HbA1c levels correlated with slower neovascular regression (p = 0.035). Patient
satisfaction was high (94%), citing reduced anxiety and convenience. Single-sitting PRP with a multispot laser is safe and effective for managing
PDR, offering significant improvements in BCVA, high neovascular regression rates, and minimal discomfort. This approach enhances patient
adherence and reduces the treatment burden, especially in resource-limited settings. Future research should explore long-term outcomes and
potential combination therapies.
COMPARISON BETWEEN VISUALAND CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF FEMTOSECOND LASER IN SITU KERATOMILEUSIS AND PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY IN TREATMENT OF MYOPIA WITH ASTIGMATISM AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Johri Saumya , Babu G Suresh
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the visual outcomes, contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity changes between Femtosecond Laser
Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis and Photorefractive Keratectomy in correction of myopia with astigmatism. Study Design: Hospital based,
randomized, open labelled prospective interventional study. Materials And Method: The study included healthy subjects aged 21-40 years with
myopic astigmatism and healthy corneas meeting the inclusion criteria of our study who attended routine ophthalmology out-patient department.
Informed consent was taken from all the selected patients and they were randomized to undergo Photorefractive Keratectomy & Femtosecond
Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis. Post operatively they were followed up at Day 1, 1 week, 1 month, 3 month and 6 months and changes in
UCVA, Contrast Sensitivity, Stereopsis and Intraocular Pressure were noted. Results: In our study it was found that the UCVA was found to be
better in FsLASIK patients initially compared to PRK group at Postoperative Day 1 (p-value =0.029) , 1 week (p-value= 0.028) & 1 month (pvalue=0.046) compared to PRK. However, at the end of 6 months similar UCVA was achieved with both modalities. Intraocular pressure though
was found to be higher in FsLASIK compared to PRK (p-value= 0.005) at postoperative Day 1 at later follow ups no significant difference was
found. There was no statistically significant difference in the post-operative Stereoacuity & Contrast Sensitivity between both the groups.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that both PRK & FsLASIK give similar visual outcomes eventually however FsLASIK gives better visual
outcomes more rapidly. Stereoacuity improves with both the modalities but is again improved sooner with FsLASIK. Contrast Sensitivity is
unaffected by both the surgeries. However, the study comprised of a small sample size and hence further study might be required on larger scale.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ASSESSING STRESS, DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY SCALES IN STUDENTS BELONGING TO DIFFERENT FIELDS OF EDUCATION AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH SALIVARY CORTISOL LEVELS.
Authors: Muthyam Santan Reddy , Jonnak Jeevika , Sowmya Komanduri , Muthyam Alka Kumari
Published: February 2025

Objectives: To identify the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression in undergraduate students using DASS-21 questionnaire and salivary
cortisol as a physiological biomarker. A total of 460 undergraduate students excluding interns were Material And Methods: part of the study. The
students were divided into four equal groups, 115 students each from medical, dental, engineering and art courses. Depression, anxiety and stress
were evaluated using DASS-21 scale. Salivary cortisol levels were assessed using ELISA kit. The data was analyzed using chi-square test. Results:
A significant difference in the levels of depression, anxiety, stress based on the streams was observed (p = <0.001). No significant association of
these levels was seen with cortisol levels, wherein higher percentage of medical students had abnormal levels of cortisol in comparison to other
streams. Comparison of depression, anxiety, stress according to year of study did not reveal any significant difference (p = 0.137,0.462,0.066
respectively.) with regards to cortisol levels, higher percentage of second year subjects had abnormal levels, but a significant difference was not
observed in comparison with other academic years (p=0.599). In the present study significantly abnorm Conclusion: al levels of cortisol levels
were seen in the majority of subjects who had extreme and extremely severe levels of depression, anxiety, stress levels. Mental health is an
important aspect of overall health and therefore addressing these conditions at this stage will have a positive impact in their career. Salivary cortisol
levels can be used as adjuncts to questionnaires for routine screening to identify severe forms of this disease and provide selective care.
CLINICO-HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION OF GRANULOMATOUS LESIONS OF SKIN – WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON LEPROSY
Authors: Gupta Prachi , Membally Ravindranath
Published: February 2025

Background: Granulomatous inflammation is a distinct form of chronic inflammation and diagnosing them is challenging due to their diverse
clinical presentations and similar histological features. Leprosy, a significant cause of granulomatous skin lesions, leads to various forms based on
the host's immune response. This study aims to evaluate skin biopsies for granulomatous skin lesions, with a special emphasis on leprosy, and to
correlate these findings with clinical presentations. Methods: This prospective, descriptive study was conducted at J.L.N (Jawahar Lal Nehru)
Hospital & Research Centre, Bhilai, for 18 months, involving 197 skin biopsies. Histopathological examinations were performed using
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and special stains like Modified Fite Faraco, Acid Fast Stain (AFB), and Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) stain.
Clinical data were collected, correlated with histopathological findings and statistically analysed was using SPSS version 22, with significance
tested at p < 0.05 at a 95% confidence limit. Results: Of 197 biopsies, 47 (23.85%) were diagnosed as granulomatous lesions. Among these, 24
(12.18%) were non-lepromatous and 23 (11.67%) were lepromatous. Out of 47 cases, infectious granulomatous lesions were predominant with
63.82%. Among these, leprosy is the most common with 76.66%, followed by cutaneous tuberculosis 23.33% cases. Non-infectious
granulomatous lesions were 36.17% of the total 47 cases which included foreign body granulomatous reactions 64.70%, erythema nodosum
17.64%, sarcoidosis 11.76% and granuloma annulare 5.88% cases. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of clinicohistopathological correlation in diagnosing and managing these lesions. Leprosy emerged as the most common cause of granulomatous skin
lesions, highlighting the need for continued public health efforts to control this disease. Accurate histopathological examination is essential for
effective diagnosis and treatment.
DISTRIBUTION OF ABO AND RH BLOOD GROUPS IN VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONORS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: G. Surase Sanjay , Ghodke Bharat , Jadhav Kshitija , Madankar Shreeya , Shinde Sumedha
Published: February 2025

Introduction: ABO and Rh blood group systems are the most important blood group systems and are genetically inherited. They play very vital
role in blood transfusions, parental and genetic testing and addressing medico legal issues. This study was conducted to determine the distribution
of ABO and Rh blood groups among voluntary blood donors in Mumbai, India. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the distribution
of ABO and Rh blood groups among blood donors at tertiary care centre. Material And Methods: A retrospective data based study conducted at
tertiary care centre over a period of 1 year from 1st January 2023 to 31st December 2023. ABO and Rh typing was done using tube agglutination
method with antisera against ABO and Rh and they were further confirmed by reverse grouping method using known pooled Aand B cells. Result:
Out of 6004 donors, 5149 (85.8%) were males and 855 (14.2%) were females. Majority of donors belonged to age group 26-40 years. The
commonest ABO blood group among Rhesus positive donors was B (31.5%) followed by O (30.0%), A (25.5%) and AB (8.9%) while in with
Rhesus negative donors was O (1.5%) followed by A(1.1%), B (1.1%) and AB (0.4%). Conclusion: The knowledge of distribution of blood group
is essential for effective inventory management of blood bank and transfusion services. This study throws light on the reasons of deficiency of a
particular group and to maintain registry of each blood group so that deficient group donors may be encouraged to donate more frequently and to
make available particular group donor when required.
TO ESTIMATE SERUM SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD) LEVEL IN DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Caesar Lovely , Singh Mithilesh Kumar , Prasad Anant
Published: February 2025

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the SOD in the patient with diabetes and to look over the relation to the development of
micro and macrovascular diabetes complications associated with SOD. Material & Method: Serum SOD concentrations were determined in 150
patients which is divided into 3 groups. Group 1 is diabetes with microalbuminuria, Group 2 is diabetes without microalbuminuria whereas Group
3 is health control and the correlation among them was correlated. Result: The mean value for SOD estimation of group 1 was 31.50 with SD of
1.31 which is higher when compared to group 2 which was 31.15 with SD of 10.89 whereas in group 3 the mean value was 36.13 with SD of 15.15.
The p-value among groups was significant (p<0.005). Conclusion: The serum concentration of SOD may act as a marker of vascular injury which
is going to reflect diabetes and its complication of both micro and microvascular.
A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF PERIANALABSCESS
Authors: A Karan , D Virendra , V Shweta , K Rajiv , S Pravin , R Anju , M Suvrat , K Vivek
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Most perianal abscesses originate from an infected anal gland. Obstruction of these glands leads to stasis, bacterial overgrowth and
ultimately abscess. Approximately 10% of perirectal abscesses are thought not to be due to infected anal glands. It is unclear why some patients
completely heal and others have recurrent disease. Aims And Objectives: To study the common age group, gender and common risk factor
associated. Identify common causative organism involved along with sensitive antibiotic treatment. Material And Methods: Aprospective study
was carried out in the department General Surgery from January 2020 to March 2022 at Seth G.S Medical College and KEM hospital Mumbai.
Results: Maximum cases are seen in age group between 21 to 40 years of age. Most common symptoms that patient complained were Perianal
swelling and pain. Diabetes' mellitus is most common Comorbidity among cases with Perianal abscess. Most organism are sensitive to piperacillin.
Incidence of Perianal abscess is maximum among smokers than non-smokers. Conclusions: As the abscess resolves with proper drainage,
antibiotics are never required. However, we encourage the selective use of antimicrobial agents on a case-by- case basis, especially because there is
no evidence that uncomplicated perianal abscesses can be safely treated only with drainage.
CARDIAC AUTONOMIC MODULATION CHANGES IN MOOD DISORDERS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Meruva Perol Yadav , Thalva Charitha , Gandikota Vishnu Vardhan
Published: February 2025

Mood disorders, such as depression and bipolar disorder, represent a major global health burden. Recent advancements in understanding the
physiological underpinnings of mood disorders have highlighted the potential role of heart rate variability (HRV) as an indicator of autonomic
nervous system (ANS) dysfunction. This study aims to explore the relationship between HRV and mood disorders, examining its potential as a
biomarker for diagnosis and treatment efficacy. Atotal of 150 participants (75 diagnosed with major depressive disorder, 75 with bipolar disorder)
and 50 age-matched healthy controls were assessed using both time-domain and frequency-domain HRV measurements. Results indicate
significant differences in HRV between patients with mood disorders and healthy controls, with lower HRV observed in the disorder groups. These
findings suggest HRVas a promising tool for understanding autonomic dysregulation in mood disorders.
BLOOD INDICES AND EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES – A REVIEW
Authors: Gupta Mohita , Rao B. Dinesh , Brar Rubaab
Published: February 2025

Background: Dental caries is a transmissible infectious disease, with its initiation and progression influenced by multiple factors. The American
Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) defines Early Childhood Caries (ECC) as the presence of one or more decayed, missing, or filled tooth
surfaces in any primary teeth of children aged 71 months or younger. ECC is a significant concern for child health, and its management is essential
for the overall well-being of young children. One of the major consequences of ECC is malnutrition, which leads to variations in blood factors and
anemia. Several factors contribute to anemia in children, including dietary deficiencies, genetic (congenital) factors, environmental influences, and
inflammatory processes. Children affected by ECC, especially Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC), have been reported to experience higher
rates of anemia. This study aims to explore the association between blood indices and early childhood caries. Methodology: Electronic databases,
including PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, EBSCO, and Embase, were searched using keywords such as ECC, serum iron/ferritin,
hemoglobin, anemia, and blood factors, either in combination or independently. Relevant data was analyzed to examine the relationship between
these variables. Conclusion: Based on the available literature, an inverse relationship between ECC and blood factors such as hemoglobin, serum
ferritin/iron, and MCV has been clearly depicted. However, further research involving larger sample sizes is required to reach conclusive
outcomes.
STENOTROPHOMONAS MALTOPHILIA LUMBAR SPONDYLODISCITIS IN A CKD PATIENT
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Borde Mandar , Mane Akash , Datey Tanmay , Menon K.V.
Published: February 2025

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an increasingly recognized cause of severe nosocomial infections, particularly in immunocompromised
individuals. Community-acquired infections have also been reported. We present a case of lumbar spondylodiscitis caused by S. maltophilia in a
chronic kidney disease (CKD) patient undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. This report highlights the diagnostic challenges and management of
such infections in an immunocompromised host. The discussion also elaborates on the pathogen's biofilm-forming capabilities, antimicrobial
resistance, and the importance of multidisciplinary management in achieving favorable outcomes.
ANAESTHETIC MANAGEMENT OF A PATIENT WITH CLEIDOCRANIAL DYSPLASIA: A CHALLENGE FOR ANAESTHETIST
Authors: Kathuria Ruchika , Prasad MD Nagendra
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Cleidocranial Dysplasia, a rare autosomal dominant genetic syndrome, possess abnormal anatomical features of the head, mouth,
neck and spinal column. These features may result in perioperative problems such as difficulty in airway management and complicated regional
anaesthesia. We report the anaesthetic management of a young male with cleidocranial dysplasia under Case Report: going open reduction and
internal fixation for comminuted fracture of distal humerus. Difficult airway management presents a maj Conclusion: or concern and early
initiation of neuraxial analgesia is recommended.
PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY ON EFFICACY OF IV FENTANYL VERSUS FEMORAL NERVE BLOCK FOR POSITIONING PRIOR TO SUBARACHNOID BLOCK IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING FRACTURE FEMUR SURGERIES.
Authors: N Umesh Thanuja , Rajur Sneha , Rohit Soumya
Published: February 2025

Fracture femur is a common orthopaedic problem following trauma in patients of all ages. Fracture femur is particularly painful bone injury
because the periosteum has the lowest pain threshold of the deep somatic structures. These patients generally being elderly with multiple
comorbidities are likely to have many undesirable effects of opioids including respiratory depression and confusion.
INJECTABLE DEPOT MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE VERSUS ORAL MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE IN MANAGEMENT OF ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA WITHOUT ATYPIA IN WOMEN WITH ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING – AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Ur Rehman Mustafeez , Qureshi Ambreen , Suhaib Pirzada Mohammad , Fayaz Insha
Published: February 2025

Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is a condition experienced by women often presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding and caused by high levels of
endogenous or exogenous estrogen. It may range from completely benign hyperplasia to frank adenocarcinoma, hence, mandating early diagnosis
and treatment. Drugs such as progestins have been used as method of treatment besides surgery. We studied effectiveness of injectable
medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depot MPA) in treatment of EH without atypia and compared it with oral medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and
assessed the safety of the same. Women aged 30-50 years with menstrual complaints and who had histopathologically diagnosed EH without atypia
were selected for the study and divided in two groups; group A (n=50) receiving injectable depot MPA and group B (n=50) receiving continuous
oral MPA. All subjects were assessed at 3 and 6 month period for histopathological changes and side effects besides other parameters. At 6 months,
EH persisted in 6% of women in group Awhereas in group B it was seen in 18% of women with a statistically significant p value. We concluded that
injectable DMPA was more effective than oral MPA in managing EH without atypia demonstrating better histopathological outcomes and
therefore, lower hysterectomy rates, suggesting that injectable DMPAis a preferable option for managing this condition due to its superior efficacy
and better overall patient experience.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Roleplay on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding ILL Effects of Alcohol among Men in the Selected Rural Areas of Bagalkot District
Authors: B Akhil T. , S Anuja , B Sonali, K. , G Chaitra, , Kumar Bharath , K Shivkumar , Shruthi K. , B Vaani, , Kugali, Dr. Shilpa N. , Natekar Dr. Deelip S.
Published: February 2025

Background of the study: With the impact of Globalization, urbanization, industrialization, media influence and changing life styles, alcohol has entered into the lives of Indians in a big and unrestricted manner. 23.8% of men reported alcohol consumption in the past year. Among drinkers, 33.2% exhibited hazardous drinking, 3.3% harmful drinking, and 5.5% dependent drinking. An overall prevalence of current alcohol use at 9.5%, with significantly higher rates among males (18.3%) compared to females (0.4%). The percentage of the population drinking alcohol aged less than 21 years has increased from 2% to more than 14% in the past 15 years as revealed by Alcohol and Drugs Information Centre India. Aim: This aim is to evaluate knowledge and attitude among men regarding ill effects of alcohol intake in men. Methods: In view of the nature of the problem and to accomplish the objective of the study, quantitative research approach was adopted for this study. Pre-experimental-One group pre test & post test design. A total of 473 men from 2 rural areas of Bagalkot were included in the study. They were given a validated knowledge and attitude questionnaire. A structured questionnaire was developed to collect the demographic information, a structured questionnaire was developed to assess the level of Knowledge and Attitude. Result: The analysis revealed that the Overall Mean difference between the pre-test and post-test level of knowledge was 0.54 with t-value 1.66 which was highly significant at p<0.001. The mean differences between pre-test and post-test attitude, was 0.25 with t-value 2.76. These scores were highly significant at p<0.001 level suggesting that the community based nursing interventions were effective in increasing the level of knowledge and improving the attitude among men. Conclusion: The study concluded that the community based nursing intervention strategies was effective in increasing the level of knowledge and improving the attitude among men, ...
Continuous Thoraco-Abdominal Duplication in Children Type Ia: Case Report
Authors: Sadqi Rihab , Ochan Monim , Baoudi Ahmed El , Zerhouni Hicham , Kisra Mounir
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Thoraco-abdominal duplications, rare malformations of the oesophagus gastrointestinal tract, present diagnostic challenges often requiring surgical confirmation. Observation: A 22-month-old male with a thoraco-abdominal mass. After laparotomy, histological analysis confirmed an esophagogastroduodenal duplication extending from the esophagus to the duodenum. Discussion: The esophagogastroduodenal duplication extending from the esophagus to the duodenum is rare, with variable presentation and embryological origins. Clinical manifestations vary, imaging aids diagnosis, and surgery is the definitive treatment. Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of prompt identification and management of digestive duplications, emphasizing the necessity of resection and potential adjacent tissue involvement.
Candida Parapsilosis Endocarditis in a Patient with MitraClip©: A Case Report
Authors: Notta Shahnawaz , Notta Nasir , Magacha Hezborn , Moore Sean , Danisi Joel
Published: February 2025

Fungal endocarditis is an uncommon form of endocarditis that is increasing in incidence. Our case involves a 73-year-old male with MitraClip© receiving chronic fluconazole therapy. The patient presented to the emergency department due to left upper quadrant abdominal pain. Imaging suggested splenic infarct, so there was concern for emboli; however, transthoracic echocardiography did not reveal valvular vegetations on the areas visualized. The patient had a history of fungemia, so blood cultures were obtained prior to starting prophylactic antifungal therapy. The blood cultures revealed Candida parapsilosis, and transesophageal echocardiography revealed valvular vegetations. The antifungal regimen was modified, and the patient was referred to an outside facility for surgical evaluation. At the outside facility, the patient underwent mitral valve replacement, tricuspid valve repair, and splenectomy. Surgical pathology confirmed Candida parapsilosis. The fungus was also found in the patient’s spleen. The patient then completed an antifungal regimen while inpatient. He is taking a suppressive regimen of fluconazole currently. To our knowledge, this is the first case of Candida parapsilosis endocarditis in a patient with MitraClip© receiving chronic fluconazole therapy.
Kunjungan Kasus Sindrom Metabolik, Hiperurisemia dan Obesitas Grade II pada Tn. T dengan Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga
Authors: Amalo Angelina Caroline , Ernawati Ernawati
Published: February 2025

Sindrom metabolik (SM) adalah kondisi patologis yang ditandai dengan obesitas sentral, resistensi insulin, hipertensi, dan hiperlipidemia, yang meningkatkan risiko diabetes melitus tipe 2 dan penyakit jantung. Hiperurisemia, yaitu peningkatan kadar asam urat serum yang tidak normal, juga sering dikaitkan dengan obesitas dan sindrom metabolik. Secara global, prevalensi SM, hiperurisemia, dan obesitas masing-masing mencapai 20–25%, 34.2%, dan 39%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pendekatan kedokteran keluarga dalam mengelola pasien dengan sindrom metabolik, hiperurisemia, dan obesitas grade II. Studi kasus dilakukan pada seorang pasien laki-laki berusia 58 tahun, Tn. T, yang didiagnosis berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan penunjang. Pendekatan kedokteran keluarga dengan model Mandala of Health diterapkan untuk mengontrol kadar gula darah, kolesterol, asam urat, tekanan darah, serta berat badan guna mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut. Pada kunjungan awal, ditemukan faktor risiko seperti ketidakteraturan konsumsi obat dan kontrol kesehatan, pola makan tinggi kalori, gula, garam, lemak, serta purin, rendahnya asupan serat, kurangnya aktivitas fisik, dan keterbatasan pengetahuan pasien tentang penyakitnya. Setelah intervensi berupa edukasi kesehatan, pengaturan pola makan, peningkatan aktivitas fisik, dan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan, pasien menunjukkan perbaikan klinis yang signifikan. Keluhan utama berkurang, pasien rutin kontrol dan minum obat, serta mengalami penurunan berat badan, tekanan darah, kadar gula darah, dan asam urat. Pendekatan kedokteran keluarga efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman pasien, kepatuhan terhadap terapi, serta perbaikan parameter klinis, sehingga dapat mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut.
Laporan Kasus Purpura Idiopatik Trombositopenia Et Causa Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever pada Anak Perempuan Usia 13 Tahun
Authors: Marshanda Santy , Sulawati Ity
Published: February 2025

Trombositopenia Imun (ITP) adalah kelainan hematologi yang terjadi akibat produksi autoantibodi terhadap trombosit. ITP sekunder dapat dipicu oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk infeksi virus dengue, meskipun kasus ini jarang dilaporkan pada populasi pediatrik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kasus ITP sekunder pada pasien dengan infeksi dengue serta mengevaluasi pendekatan diagnosis dan pengobatannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus pada seorang perempuan berusia 13 tahun yang datang dengan demam selama 10 hari, ruam petekie, perdarahan mukosa, dan ketidaknyamanan gastrointestinal. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan anemia, nyeri epigastrium, dan petekie pada leher serta ekstremitas bawah. Hasil laboratorium mengungkapkan trombositopenia berat (trombosit: 2.000/µL) dan IgG dengue positif, yang mengarah pada diagnosis Demam Berdarah Dengue dengan tanda peringatan, ITP, dan anemia. Penatalaksanaan awal mencakup pemberian cairan intravena, kortikosteroid (metilprednisolon), dan transfusi trombosit. Pasien mengalami perbaikan signifikan dan dipulangkan setelah enam hari dengan terapi kortikosteroid oral lanjutan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menekankan bahwa ITP merupakan manifestasi hematologi langka namun serius dari infeksi dengue. Evaluasi menyeluruh diperlukan untuk menyingkirkan penyebab trombositopenia lainnya dan memastikan intervensi yang tepat waktu. Terapi standar, termasuk kortikosteroid dan perawatan suportif, terbukti efektif dalam kasus ini. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk memahami patogenesis ITP sekunder akibat infeksi dengue serta mengoptimalkan strategi pengobatannya.
Laporan Kasus Pasien dengan Ods Pseudofakia Degenerasi Retina, Sineresis, Presbiop, Astigmatisma Mixtus Od Pterigium Grade II
Authors: Miracle Gabriela , Faozan Faozan
Published: February 2025

Gangguan refraksi dan kelainan struktural mata sering terjadi bersamaan, menyebabkan gangguan penglihatan yang berdampak pada aktivitas sehari-hari. Kombinasi kondisi seperti pseudofakia, degenerasi retina, sineresis vitreus, presbiopia, astigmatisma mixtus, dan pterigium dapat menurunkan ketajaman penglihatan serta kualitas hidup pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pendekatan diagnostik dan terapeutik pada pasien dengan kelainan refraksi dan gangguan struktural mata. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus pada seorang pria berusia 67 tahun, bekerja sebagai tukang las, yang datang ke Poliklinik Mata RS Bhayangkara Semarang dengan keluhan penglihatan buram pada kedua mata dan rasa mengganjal pada mata kanan. Riwayat menunjukkan adanya benda asing pada mata kiri akibat percikan gram delapan tahun lalu, serta operasi katarak bilateral pada Agustus dan September 2023, namun gangguan penglihatan masih berlanjut. Pemeriksaan pada 8 Desember 2023 menunjukkan ODS pseudofakia, degenerasi retina, sineresis vitreus, presbiopia, astigmatisma mixtus, dan pterigium Grade II-III pada OD. Terapi yang diberikan mencakup air mata buatan, multivitamin, serta terapi non-farmakologis berupa penggunaan kacamata dan opsi operasi pterigium dengan berbagai teknik. Pasien juga diberikan edukasi mengenai penyakitnya, faktor risiko, serta pentingnya kontrol rutin. Kesimpulan dari studi ini adalah bahwa kombinasi kelainan refraksi dan gangguan struktural dapat menyebabkan gangguan penglihatan yang signifikan, sehingga penanganan multidisiplin melalui terapi farmakologis, non-farmakologis, serta edukasi pasien berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas penglihatan dan mencegah perburukan kondisi.
Pemakaian Foley Kateter pada Tindakan Bedah THT RSD K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro Semarang
Authors: Hably Ririn Utami , Adinugroho Djoko Prasetyo
Published: February 2025

Epistaksis terdiri dari perdarahan anterior dan posterior, dengan perdarahan posterior yang lebih berbahaya karena lokasinya yang dalam dan sulit dijangkau. Penggunaan tampon hidung balon efektif untuk mengatasi perdarahan posterior, namun kateter Foley menjadi alternatif yang semakin populer di RSD K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro Semarang karena kemampuannya memberikan tekanan yang lebih merata dan stabil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas penggunaan kateter Foley dalam penanganan epistaksis berat, khususnya perdarahan posterior, serta memberikan wawasan baru dalam penerapannya di rumah sakit daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus untuk menganalisis pemakaian kateter foley pada tindakan bedah THT di RSD K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro Semarang. Fokus penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi efektivitas kateter foley dalam mengontrol perdarahan pada prosedur bedah THT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kateter foley dalam tindakan bedah THT di RSD K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro Semarang telah terbukti efektif dalam mengontrol perdarahan, terutama dalam prosedur seperti degloving, FESS, dan tonsilektomi. Kateter ini berfungsi sebagai tampon hemostatik dengan memberikan tekanan pada area perdarahan, membantu pembekuan darah untuk menghentikan perdarahan intra-operasi. Penelitian menunjukkan pengurangan perdarahan dan durasi operasi pada pasien yang menggunakan kateter foley dibandingkan dengan yang tidak, meskipun ada potensi efek samping seperti nekrosis jaringan jika tekanan terlalu tinggi. Teknik ini menunjukkan manfaat dalam kasus-kasus tertentu meskipun belum banyak dikenal di kalangan tenaga medis.
Laporan Kasus Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Yolande Patricia Monique , Niam Syaifun
Published: February 2025

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) atau Gagal Jantung Kongestif adalah kondisi serius di mana jantung tidak mampu memompa darah secara efektif, menyebabkan gangguan pasokan oksigen dan nutrisi ke seluruh tubuh. Penyakit ini dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien dan memberikan beban besar pada sistem kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pendekatan diagnostik dan terapeutik dalam penatalaksanaan CHF guna mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut dan meningkatkan prognosis pasien. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus pada seorang wanita berusia 65 tahun yang datang ke Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) pada 28 Juni 2024 dengan keluhan utama sesak napas progresif selama seminggu terakhir, terutama pada malam hari. Pasien juga mengalami kelelahan cepat, batuk berdahak yang sulit dikeluarkan, serta pembengkakan pada kedua tungkai. Riwayat medis menunjukkan keluhan serupa empat bulan sebelumnya. Pemeriksaan fisik menemukan ronkhi basah pada paru-paru dan edema tungkai, sementara rontgen toraks menunjukkan kardiomegali, bronkopneumonia, dan efusi pleura duplex. Pasien diberikan terapi farmakologis berupa Furosemide 40 mg, Mecobalamine 500 mg, Ceftriaxone 1 gram, Ulsafat, Digoxin 0,25 mg, Ranitidine 150 mg, Nitrokaf 2,5 mg, dan Miniaspi 80 mg. Hasil terapi menunjukkan perbaikan klinis yang signifikan. Kesimpulannya, deteksi dini dan penatalaksanaan yang komprehensif dengan kombinasi terapi farmakologis dan suportif sangat penting dalam mengurangi komplikasi dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien CHF.
Decision-Making Process for Improving The Marketing Strategy of Bakso Benhil Purwokerto Using Integrated SWOT-TOWS AHP Method
Authors: Pradana Mega Dita , Hermawan Pri
Published: February 2025

Bakso Benhil Purwokerto, a micro, small and medium enterprise (MSME) established in July 2024, faced challenges in achieving sales targets, with a decline in sales in the third month since opening. This research uses SWOT-TOWS and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodologies to identify and prioritise strategic solutions to increase revenue and ensure sustainable business growth. The SWOT analysis highlighted strengths such as strategic location in the student culinary area, variety of high-quality meatball products, and halal certification. However, weaknesses such as limited digital promotion and customer knowledge were also found. External opportunities include the trend of digitalisation of MSMEs and the increasing demand for convenience food among students, while threats include fierce competition and fluctuating raw material prices. By integrating these factors in the TOWS matrix, strategy alternatives were formulated and prioritised using the AHP method. The most optimal strategy is to increase digital marketing, including the development of engaging social media content, collaboration with local influencers, as well as promotional programmes on online ordering platforms. This strategy aims to expand market reach, increase brand awareness, and ultimately increase business revenue. This research provides a strategic framework that can be applied by businesses in the food and beverage industry.
Pengaruh Norma Subjektif Terhadap Minat Beli Produk Otomate dengan Sikap sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Wiro Marsianus
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keyakinan normatif dan motivasi memenuhi terhadap minat beli melalui sikap pada produk otomate PT Asuransi Central Asia Pontianak. Penelitian dilakukan di kota Pontianak, dimana yang menjadi objek penelitian ini adalah orang-orang yang telah menjadi nasabah produk Asri pada PT Asuransi Central Asia Pontianak. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 8 (delapan) bulan, terhitung sejak bulan Desember 2019 sampai dengan bulan Juli 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan bentuk penelitian assosiatif atau desain klausal. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 107 orang yang merupakan nasabah produk Asri PT Asuransi Central Asia yang berada di kota Pontianak. Pengolahan data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis jalur (Path Analysis). Dari hasil analisis data maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa norma subjektif tidak berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat beli melalui sikap pada produk otomate PT Asuransi Central Asia Pontianak, namun memiliki berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara langsung terhadap minat beli.