bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-performance, low-power, and flexible ultraviolet photodetector based on crossed ZnO microwires p-n homojunction
Authors: Sha Shulin , Tang Kai , Liu Maosheng , Wan Peng , Zhu Chenyang , Shi Daning , Kan Caixia , Jiang Mingming
Published: January 2024

Low-power, flexible, and integrated photodetectors have attracted increasing attention due to their potential applications of photosensing, astronomy, communications, wearable electronics, etc. Herein, the samples of ZnO microwires having p-type (Sb-doped ZnO, ZnO:Sb) and n-type (Ga-doped ZnO, ZnO:Ga) conduction properties were synthesized individually. Sequentially, a p-n homojunction vertical structure photodiode involving a single ZnO:Sb microwire crossed with a ZnO:Ga microwire, which can detect ultraviolet light signals, was constructed. When exposed under 360 nm light illumination at −0.1  V, the proposed photodiode reveals pronounced photodetection features, including a largest on/off ratio of 105, responsivity of 2.3 A/W, specific detectivity of ∼6.5×1013 Jones, noise equivalent power of 4.8×10−15  W Hz−1/2, and superior photoelectron conversion efficiency of ∼7.8%. The photodiode also exhibits a fast response/recovery time of 0.48 ms/9.41 ms. Further, we propose a facile and scalable construction scheme to integrate a p-ZnO:Sb⊗n-ZnO:Ga microwires homojunction component into a flexible, array-type detector, which manifests significant flexibility and electrical stability with insignificant degradation. Moreover, the as-constructed array unit can be integrated into a practical photoimaging system, which demonstrates remarkable high-resolution single-pixel imaging capability. The results represented in this work may supply a workable approach for developing low-dimensional ZnO-based homojunction optoelectronic devices with low-consumption, flexible, and integrated characteristics.
Power-efficient programmable integrated multiport photonic interferometer in CMOS-compatible silicon nitride
Authors: Lin Shuqing , Zhang Yanfeng , Wu Zhaoyang , Zeng Shihao , Gao Qing , Li Jiaqi , Yu Xiaoqun , Yu Siyuan
Published: January 2024

Silicon nitride (SiN
x
) is an appealing waveguide material choice for large-scale, high-performance photonic integrated circuits (PICs) due to its low optical loss. However, SiN
x
PICs require high electric power to realize optical reconfiguration via the weak thermo-optic effect, which limits their scalability in terms of device density and chip power dissipation. We report a 6-mode programmable interferometer PIC operating at the wavelength of 1550 nm on a CMOS-compatible low-temperature inductance coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition (ICP-CVD) silicon nitride platform. By employing suspended thermo-optic phase shifters, the PIC achieves 2× improvement in compactness and 10× enhancement in power efficiency compared to conventional devices. Reconfigurable 6-dimensional linear transformations are demonstrated including cyclic transformations and arbitrary unitary matrices. This work demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating power-efficient large-scale reconfigurable PICs on the low-temperature ICP-CVD silicon nitride platform.
Economic status, emigration, and life satisfaction: Strategies of acculturation among Belarusian and Ukrainian migrants in Poland before and during the war
Authors: Zhuk Yanina , Bilan Svitlana , Brycz Marcin , Brycz Hanna
Published: January 2024

The main aim of the study was to investigate the acculturation strategies and life satisfaction of Belarusians and Ukrainians living in Poland. The study participants (N = 423) provided socio-demographic data about themselves, when they came to Poland (before or during the Russian invasion of Ukraine), and filled in the acculturation and the life satisfaction questionnaires. The results indicated no difference in acculturation, education, or economic status between the Belarusians and the Ukrainians. The positive relationship between economic status and life satisfaction, unsurprisingly, was evident. However, it was found that marginalization, discrimination, and assimilation as acculturation strategies were salient among participants who came to Poland before the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The migrants who entered Poland during the war showed sedate attitudes towards Poland. The relationship between the migrants’ economic status and the moment of migration (before vs. during the war) and attitudes towards integration became clear. Poor and middle-class migrants consistently show a rather high degree of preference for the best acculturation strategy - integration. Meanwhile, the rich participants showed the highest integration before the war, but the rich who came during the war exhibited the lowest level of integration. This is explained based on the economic literature.
Discovering the determinants of house prices dynamics in Poland using Bayesian model averaging
Authors: Trojanek Radoslaw , Gluszak Michal , Kufel Pawel , Trojanek Maria
Published: January 2024

We examine the price drivers in 18 capital housing markets in Poland from 2004 to 2021. Using the Bayesian Model Averaging method, we discovered that some financial elements explain house price changes more consistently than conventional economic and demographic variables. The dynamics of house prices in most cities were defined explicitly by financial factors – mortgage market activity, mortgage interest rate, and terms and conditions of granting mortgages. Additionally, the stock market played a vital role in house price movement in selected cities. Economic (regional GDP, salaries, unemployment) and demographic (migration) factors were significant predictors of housing price dynamics only for particular cities. Our study closes the knowledge gap on factors influencing home price dynamics in Poland and other developing nations that have gone through systemic change. In the case of Eastern European countries, we have limited knowledge of those linkages.
Evaluation of the economic development of European Union countries
Authors: Ginevičius Romualdas
Published: January 2024

In the European Union (EU), as a global economic community, there are countries with very different levels of economic development. Therefore, it takes place unevenly – some countries develop intensively, but with significant changes in it, others – stably, without significant changes, but not intensively, etc. In such a situation, it is important to determine adequately the current state of economic development. It is an integral quantity that combines both development changes and intensity. These two components of development form two of its partial indicators. Combined into one size, they comprehensively reflect the current situation of the country’s economic development. Development refers to a process, so it must be assessed not on the basis of the state at the end of the period under consideration, but on the whole of this period. The presentation of development in the sense of recent years does not reflect the overall development process, based on the economic development of countries 2018–2022. Their ranks are determined by the results of the comprehensive assessment. Since they do not adequately reflect the current situation, the countries were combined into homogeneous groups, where countries with close values of the economic development indicator were located. This allows to highlight the economic development trends of EU countries.
Role of research and development in internationalization of high-tech firms: Empirical results from Poland
Authors: Wach Krzysztof , Daszkiewicz Nelly
Published: January 2024

This article focuses on the significance of research and development (R&D) in driving the internationalization of Polish high-tech firms. R&D is essential for businesses to remain competitive and adapt their products to the specific requirements of different markets. The study aims to investigate the relationship between R&D and the internationalization process of high-tech firms based in Poland, with a focus on the innovation context. We used a quantitative research method and employed a survey questionnaire to evaluate the internationalization of high-tech firms in Poland. The study employed a computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) method and identified the random sample of 263 fully-filled questionnaires during the survey that were important for further statistical analysis. We confirmed that research and development as it is commonly understood, i.e., having one's own R&D department and making expenditures on R&D, helps and strengthens the internationalization of high-tech firms.
Waste management in Baltic States: Comparative assessment
Authors: Štreimikienė Dalia
Published: January 2024

In EU waste management policy the waste avoidance and reuse are under the highest priority and the recycling takes the third place while recovery and disposal are the least favourable options. The EU member states have to implement strict waste management policies based on this approach however though all countries have to prepare and implement waste management plants, their have achieved different results in waste management. The article aims to analyse the selected waste management indicators covering all stages of various wastes management ranging from prevention to recycling etc. available at Eurostat database and to present empirical comparative case study on waste management for Baltic. The different Multi Criteria Decision Making models were applied for comparing and ranking Baltic States based on their achievements in waste management in 2020. The case study revealed that the best performing country in waste management among Baltic States was Lithuania having the best indicators of waste generation per GDP and recycling rates of municipal waste and plastic packaging waste. Estonia was lowest ranked country according waste management due to very high overall total generated waste per capita and packaging and plastic waste per capita etc.
The impact of work engagement of different generations on organisational engagement
Authors: Šakytė-Statnickė Gita , Bilan Svitlana , Savanevičienė Asta
Published: January 2024

The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of work engagement of different generations on organisational engagement. In addition, the study seeks to determine whether there is a difference in work engagement and organisational engagement across generations. Data, gathered from a sample of 3 039 employees in Lithuania, were analysed through the Kruskal-Wallis test and the structural equation modelling (SEM). The non-parametric analysis (Kruskal-Wallis test) was performed to determine if there were statistically significant differences between the level of work engagement and the level of organisational engagement of employees across four different generation groups. The multi-group SEM analysis was used for testing the differences in the impact of work engagement of different generations on organisational engagement. The study confirmed the hypothesis that work engagement has a positive impact on organisational engagement for all generations. Moreover, statistically significant differences were found between the level of work engagement and the level of organisational engagement across generations. This study expands current knowledge on the interrelationship between work engagement and organisational engagement. Further, the level of work engagement and organisational engagement revealed in the context of generations makes for a novel contribution to the topic of employees’ engagement in the perspective of different generations.
Energy Harvesting Using Thermoelectric Microgenerators: Realistic Perspective or Utopian Idea? A Critical Analysis
Authors: Wachutka Gerhard
Published: January 2024

Microstructured cell-arrayed thermoelectric power generators, which are able to convert (waste) heat into a few milliwatts or even watts of electrical energy, seem to be particularly attractive for the autonomous power supply of microelectronic circuitry and electronic or micromechatronic appliances without the use of batteries. However, the conversion efficiencies achieved so far are very small. A critical analysis shows that there is still a certain potential for improvements toward the theoretical limits, but that some expectations seem to be rather unrealistic and questionable in view of the physical and technological limitations.
Understanding Power Semiconductor Technology Platforms for Building a Viable and Sustainable Product Roadmap
Authors: Rahimo Munaf T. A.
Published: January 2024

Microstructured cell-arrayed thermoelectric power generators, which are able to convert (waste) heat into a few In this paper, key technical pillars for a power device technology and product development roadmap are discussed. First, the main performance requirements of power semiconductors are outlined to establish modern development trends that can lead to a viable power device development roadmap. The basic principles of power semiconductor “Technology Platforms” will be presented in relation to well- defined “Device Sections”. In addition, device classification and technology complexity aspects will be reviewed as important technical pillars in the roadmap building process. Understanding the above can help map out future development tasks targeting next generation products with improved performance over cost ratios.milliwatts or even watts of electrical energy, seem to be particularly attractive for the autonomous power supply of microelectronic circuitry and electronic or micromechatronic appliances without the use of batteries. However, the conversion efficiencies achieved so far are very small. A critical analysis shows that there is still a certain potential for improvements toward the theoretical limits, but that some expectations seem to be rather unrealistic and questionable in view of the physical and technological limitations.
SiC Power Device Processing with Special Regard to Ion Implantation
Authors: Schustereder Werner
Published: January 2024

For power device fabrication distinct challenges have to be addressed. In many fields they are identical to the needs in the CMOS world. However, some features of power device technologies require customized processes. Power devices in general are facing the main demand to lower dissipation losses caused by increasing current densities at decreasing structure sizes and optimized performance of device switching behavior at the same time. Hence, advanced manufacturing processes of wafer frontside and backside as well as for engineering of bulk properties are necessary. Whereas MOSFETs used in CMOS IC switches typically operate at a parameter range of some µA at voltages of <5V, power devices utilize up to kA currents at voltages of up to kV range. Therefore chip areas are much larger to cope with these requirements. Also, 3D device structuring is required in order to enable current flow from the chip frontside to the backside. In general technology requirements in combination with given raw material properties drive manufacturing challenges. That in turn puts pressure on advancing both single unit process steps as well as novel integration concepts, also incorporating feed forward run to run systems and new computational capabilities towards AI. The overall equipment effectiveness in terms of availability, performance and quality is key for an economic production environment. Machine learning based concepts are developed both for the prediction of individual equipment behavior as well as to manage complexity in the overall manufacturing process line. Furthermore ML-assisted root cause analysis is developed to identify important “hidden” parameters in production equipment as well as to help revealing and understanding complex correlations.
GaN HEMT Device Model Development for Implementation of Different Circuit
Authors: Gupta Mridula
Published: January 2024

GaN HEMT devices (with different dimensions) have been investigated using 16- and 22-element smallsignal equivalent circuit Model. The percentage error is estimated to show the difference in extracted parameters using 16- and 22-element small-signal equivalent circuit model which assist in choosing the accurate small-signal model for large gate periphery GaN HEMTs. For device’s low power operation linear models are sufficient. In order to achieve higher certainty for high power applications, the nonlinear behaviour of the device must be considered. While generating the large-signal device model, the nonlinear capacitances Cgs and Cgd, as well as the current source Ids are primarily considered to capture the non-linear behavior of the device. The capacitances, Cgs and Cgd, are dependent on applied bias i. e. V gs and Vds. The Angelov model for Ids is used to generate the non-linear model parameters which uses the multi-bias small-signal equivalent circuit parameters.
Impact of Super Junction Concepts in Silicon and Wide Bandgap Semiconductors
Authors: Narayanan Ekkanath Madathil Sankara
Published: January 2024

Impact of Super Junction Concepts in Silicon and Wide Bandgap Semiconductors
Charge Balance Effects on UIS Performance of Trench MOSFETs
Authors: Hossain Zia , Deng Shengling , Grimaldi Mo
Published: January 2024

The Unclamped Inductive Switching (UIS) test is a widely used technique for evaluating the robustness of power MOSFETs under avalanche conditions. The aim of this paper is to optimize the charge balance condition for active and termination cells for optimal UIS performance, characterized by a higher and tighter avalanche current (Iav or Ipk) distribution across the wafer, resulting in a minimum loss in UIS yield during production. The paper investigates the design layout of active and edge termination cells to ensure that avalanche failures occur in the active cell area rather than in the edge termination cell area, which has a weaker UIS capability.
Press Pack IGBTs for MVDC-breaker Applications
Authors: Sasmal Koushik , Stelte Michael , Przybilla Jens , Drilling Christof , Panzer Claus
Published: January 2024

With the rising demand for higher power densities and robust system control, the need for using press pack IGBT (PPI) devices in medium voltage (MV) applications is also increasing. So far PPI manufacturers have majorly focused on devices with paralleling of IGBTs/diodes inside a single housing, that drives thousands of Amperes and is used for high-power switching in various converter applications, like High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC), Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS), and MV drives. However, the absolute capabilities of a single chip are yet to be intensively explored for applications that do not require fast turn off, standard ±15 V gate voltage, and continuous switching, such as MV-DCbreaker. The idea of this work is to investigate the boundaries and robustness of a single chip at higher gate voltage for all possible conditions and eventually realize an application out of it. The major focus of the work is on determining the maximum potential of the 4.5 kV trench IGBT chip at a gate voltage as high as 40 V. After performing several robustness and stability tests, it can be claimed that a single chip can turn off at least 12 times the nominal current after conducting about 10 milliseconds, a requirement which is very important for the DC hybrid circuit breaker.
Low forward voltage gate controllable diode for 6.5 kV HVDC application
Authors: Yoganath Gurunath Vishwamitra , Eckel Hans-Günter
Published: January 2024

Gate-Controllable Diode (GCD) allows charge carrier modulation at the anode region, by gate terminal biasing, to gain plasma control. This is used to achieve low-saturation mode and highspeed mode of the diode. Apart from the two operating modes, the anode side plasma control can also be utilised to desaturate the diode during commutation, to lower the overall switching losses. This paper is continuation work of earlier demonstrated GCD. The diode is designed as Si bi-polar power diode for 6.5 kV HVDC applications. In the current paper, a design consideration depending on various doping profiles of GCD was made. Thereby, a detailed study of switching behaviour with the switching pattern were conducted, to reduce the overall switching loss and improve the efficiency.
Comparison of IGBT Junction Temperature Determination using an On-chip Sensor and the VCE(T) Method
Authors: Lakshmanan Narender , Abuogo James , Franke Jörg , Lutz Josef , Basler Thomas
Published: January 2024

This paper investigates the factors responsible for the differences in the IGBT virtual junction temperature Tvj,max determined using the established VCE(T) method and the temperature recorded using an on-chip temperature sensor (Tj sensor) mounted in the centre area of the IGBT chip. The impact of each of the influential factors are quantified using experimental and analytical methods. Increase in power loss density was found to cause an increase in the difference between the two temperatures at a rate of 2 Kelvin per W/mm² as per measurement results. The selection of the measurement delay was found to additionally contribute to the deviation between the estimated Tvj,max by the two methods in the range of a few Kelvin. Furthermore, increase in thermal resistance contributes to an increase in the deviation. By adding several influential factors, an impact of up to 50% difference in power cycling lifetime estimation is possible depending upon the operating conditions.
Annealing behavior of Pt and PtH defects in fully process 1.2kV Si diodes covering the whole substrate thickness
Authors: Bergmann Lena , Kurz Bianca , Pobegen Gregor , Schlögl Daniel , Schulze Holger , Weber Heiko B. , Krieger Michael
Published: January 2024

We present an annealing study of the platinum-hydrogen (PtH) defect complex on fast recovery silicon (Si) high voltage diodes. These specially processed test diodes were annealed in nitrogen ambient at three different annealing temperatures for 30 min, respectively. Before and after this annealing step the substitutional platinum (Pt) and platinum-hydrogen concentration within the entire space charge region (SCR) were characterized using high-voltage current deep level transient spectroscopy. The annealing impacts the investigated trap levels as previously found in bulk Si samples. For annealing temperatures above 250°C the PtH starts to dissociate partly and at 330°C almost no PtH can be found anywhere inside the entire SCR. For the annealing at 300°C additionally an increase of the PtH concentration in the proximity of the pn-junction is observed which is most likely due to the presence of a hydrogen source located at the front side of the diodes. Furthermore, a clear correlation between the leakage currents and the PtH depth profiles suggests strongly that the PtH is the major carrier generation center in the investigated samples.
Surge-Current capability of the different voltage class IGBTs
Authors: Mysore Madhu Lakshman , Alaluss Mohamed , Fraas Felix , Lutz Josef , Basler Thomas , Baburske Roman , Niedernostheide Franz-Josef , Schulze Hans-Joachim
Published: January 2024

In this work, the surge-current capability of 650 V, 1200 V, and 1700 V IGBTs has been investigated. This stress condition is important for the active short-circuit of motor loads. For all measurement conditions, the destruction of the devices is not determined by the onset of intrinsic conductivity. Instead, the failure signature indicates a temperature-driven destruction mechanism. For the applied gateemitter voltages, the 650 V IGBTs show the highest surge-current density withstand capability in comparison to 1200 V and 1700 V IGBTs due to their higher saturation current density. The surgecurrent capability of 1200 V and 1700 V IGBTs is not influenced by the amount of emitter bond wires even at a gate-emitter voltage of 25 V, whereas it is reduced for 650 V IGBTs with a reduced number of bond wires.
On the design of measuring circuit for OCVD method
Authors: Papež Václav , Hájek Jiří
Published: January 2024

The article deals with the matter that is often omitted by authors – design of measuring circuit. The most of publications describe theoretical background of the OCVD method or they interpret results obtained on modern SiC or 4H-SiC structures. But correct and relevant results are conditioned by corresponding measuring circuit. Even if the OCVD method is based “just” on recording of voltage response, measuring circuit must fulfill a lot of requirements from high-frequency techniques. Following article tries to explain these techniques.
Surge current test of SiC MOSFET with planar Assembling and Joining Technology
Authors: Ye Yijun , Hensler Alexander , Basler Thomas , Lutz Josef
Published: January 2024

This paper introduces a novel packaging with planar Assembling and Joining Technology (AJT). The 1200V SiC MOSFET body diode with the new AJT has been investigated under surge current conditions. The test result of the planar AJT is compared with a standard TO-247-4 discrete component. Additionally, thermal impedance of both packages is measured and compared.
Channel Potential Modification induced Displacement Current during the Trench-Gate IGBT Switching
Authors: Liu Xing , Basler Thomas
Published: January 2024

During the switching process of the IGBT, the Miller plateau can be observed on the gate voltage waveform. The present understanding of the Miller plateau is the Miller capacitor induced displacement current at the collector-emitter voltage transient, which is compensated by the gate current from the driver unit. Hence, the gate voltage remains constant. In this paper, a novel finding of the Channel Potential Modification induced Displacement Current (CPiC) is proposed. It has been found that during the Miller plateau, the displacement current is not only provided by the Miller capacitor, but also by inner parts of the gate-emitter capacitor due to the channel potential modification. This novel finding extends the existing descriptions for the IGBT switching behavior and provides a more comprehensive understanding of the Miller plateau.
Impacts of Tourism on Development of Urban Areas in Indian Cities: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: AHIRWAR Vivek , GUPTA Rhitwik , KUMAR Ashwani
Published: January 2024

The paper aims to review the impact of tourism on the development of urban areas in Indian cities. The study explores the various ways in which tourism acts as a catalyst for the development of any city in terms of sectors like the economic, social, and physical development of urban areas. In the context of India, there are many cities which are already heavily dependent on tourism activity, and they are flourishing as tourism cities. This also examines the challenges the cities face in managing tourism's growth and the impact it has on the local communities. The findings suggest that while tourism has the potential to bring significant benefits to urban areas, it also has negative effects on the environment, cultural heritage, and quality of life for residents. This paper is based on a systematic literature review and content analysis.
Paisajes de aprendizaje. Enfrentando desafíos con tecnologías digitales
Authors: Darder Mesquida Antónia , Negre Bennasar Francisca , Villatoro Moral Sofia F.
Published: January 2024

El libro “Paisajes de aprendizaje: enfrentando desafíos con tecnologías di-gitales” aborda diferentes temáticas de interés para profesionales y estu-diantes de la educación y, en general, para cualquier persona interesada en conocer experiencias educativas que tienen como punto en común la implementación de la tecnología. A través de 19 capítulos se describen estu-dios y experiencias desarrolladas en diferentes contextos y niveles educativos. La diversidad de escenarios en los que se llevan a cabo permite obtener una visión de situaciones distintas en las que la tecnología educativa ha sido protagonista y partícipe en la resolución de problemas, actuando como un mecanismo de transformación digital. Si bien la tecnología juega un papel central en todas las experiencias, el objetivo de todas ellas es ofrecer una perspectiva innovadora para la solución de proble-mas en el ámbito educativo, abarcando aspectos relacionados con el análisis de las oportunidades de aprendizaje que ofrece internet o el de los riesgos del uso de las redes sociales y la propuesta de etiquetas para su prevención, e, incluso, el uso de un chatbot, del Machine Learning y de podcasts educativos. En referencia a los entornos virtuales de formación, se introduce un sistema para su evaluación, una propuesta de metodología activa y un estudio de los estados emocionales en estos ambientes digitales. Además, se presentan herramientas y metodologías en educación como aplica-ciones móviles, el uso de e-portfolios, gestión de proyectos, agenda de tutorías y simuladores y un estudio basados en el enfoque maker-Steam. Siguiendo con la línea marcada, otras experiencias se dirigen al análisis sobre el uso de interfaces innovadoras y al estudio de diferentes aspectos relacionados con la competencia digital. La autoría de los 19 capítulos es muy variada, tanto en lo referente a la trayectoria profesional como en los niveles educativos en los que se enmarcan y en el país en el que se lleva a cabo la experiencia. Como se puede observar, esta variedad se ex-tiende también en cuanto a la temática tratada, respondiendo a la idea de ofrecer una imagen global de los desafíos a los que se enfrentan docentes e investigadores y a las soluciones que ofrecen las tecnologías digitales.
Ethical Considerations in Research about Organizations: Compendium of Strategies
Authors: McGregor Sue L. T.
Published: January 2024

This paper concerns ethical considerations when conducting research about the policies, procedures, practices, and culture of organizations and institutions rather than research with the humans owning, operating, employed at, volunteering for, benefiting from, or impacted by the organization. Ethical conventions for research with humans are well developed but less so for research about organizations. A pressing concern in the nascent literature is weighing protecting the public interest versus the organization’s interests when sensitive, controversial, or damning information about the latter emerges from the research. Given the absence of formally codified procedural ethics, organizational researchers are encouraged to constantly reexamine, debate, and address related ethical concerns. In that spirit, an inaugural compendium of ethical concerns and recommended strategies gleaned from the literature reviewed is shared, and a discussion of omissions from said literature is tendered to scaffold future conversations around this ethical aspect of organizational research.
Mediator Role of Psychological Well-Being in the Relationship Between Parent ’s Regulation of Child's Emotion and Child ’s Emotion Regulation
Authors: ÇEKİCİ Ferah , TOPLU Ahmet
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the mediating role of psychological well-being in the relationship between parents’ regulation of their children’s emotions and childs’ regulation of their own emotion. The study group consisted of 386 mothers living in different cities of Turkey. To collect the data, the convenience sampling method was applied, and the measurement tools were published on an online platform and presented to the participants for their answers. The data of the research were obtained using the Parent Emotion Regulation Scale (PERS), Emotion Regulation Checklist, Psychological Well-Being Scale, and the personal information form. Pearson moment correlation analysis and parallel multiple variable analysis (PROCESS) in the data analysis. According to the findings obtained from the study, psychological well-being significantly mediates the relationship between parent ’s child’s emotion regulation and child's emotion regulation. This result shows that the psychological well-being of the parent plays a mediating role in the emotion regulation process in the relationship between the parent ’s regulation of the child ’s emotion and the child ’s regulation of their own emotion. This result of the research was discussed within the scope of the relevant literature, and suggestions were made for future research.
Researching Experience of Fathers with Secure and Insecure Attached Children Related to Time Spent with Children During Working or Vacation Days
Authors: ÖNEM Ahmet , ERDEN ÖZCAN Sule
Published: January 2024

This study aims to research fathers' experiences of having time with their securely and insecurely attached children on workdays and vacation days. Case study, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research. Children, at the 5-6 years of age group receiving pre-school education, and their fathers, selected through criterion sampling method in the 2021-2022 academic year, participated in the study. Data were collected by interviewing with 20 fathers in total, including 10 fathers whose children were securely attached to them, and 10 fathers whose children were insecurely attached to them. Content analysis was performed on the acquired data. As a result of the research, it has been seen that fathers of children with secure attachment spend more time with their children on work and vacation days, take part in care needs more, meet their playing needs more, and develop a closer emotional relationship in comparison with fathers of children with insecure attachment.
Die Digitalisierung der Bibliothek des Freiherrn von der Goltz
Authors: Blortz Ulrich Ch.
Published: January 2024

In vielen Bibliotheken gibt es mehr oder weniger geschlossene Sonderbestände, bspw. komplett übernommene Privatbibliotheken. Eine solche ist die des Agrarwissenschaftlers Theodor von der Goltz (1836–1905), die von ZB MED – Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften vollständig digitalisiert wird.
Effect of bead mill dispermat system with specific surfactants on organic pigments
Authors: Badgujar Nilesh Prakash , Kulkarni Ravindra D. , Sonawane Shirish H. , Patil Hansraj V. , Nagaraj Karuppiah , Alshalwi Matar
Published: January 2024

The study demonstrates the effective application of high-speed dispersion and bead mill dispermat systems in dispersing organic pigments, specifically phthalocyanine blue and green, in water with positive results. Particle size analysis reveals that formulations prepared using a bead mill with the selective surfactants such as Tween-80, SLS, Cocosulphosuccinate (CSPS) and Oleyl sulphosuccinate (OSPS) which exhibits a narrower range of particle size distribution compared to those prepared using high-speed dispersion (HSD). Phthalocyanine blue pigment concentrate formulation, the bead mill preparation using Tween-80 and CSPS surfactants resulted in a higher viscosity and color strength compared to HSD. In addition, the phthalocyanine green pigment concentrate formulation prepared using a bead mill with SLS surfactant showed higher color strength than the formulation prepared using HSD with SLS surfactant. Moreover, the comparative study reported the Nano CaCO3 pigment concentrate formulation prepared using a bead mill with SLS surfactant displayed a narrow range of particle size distribution ranging from 0.31 to 0.56 nm, with an average particle size of 0.435 nm, compared to the formulation prepared using HSD. All these findings suggested bead mill dispermat system with specific surfactants can produce pigment dispersions with a narrower particle size distribution, higher color strength, and better viscosity compared to HSD which demonstrating its potential as a more efficient and effective method for pigment dispersion.
La batalla de Tarqui: la prensa del Departamento del Sur y su influencia en el surgimiento del sentido de identidad nacional ecuatoriana (1828 – 1829)
Authors: Suin Guaraca Oswaldo
Published: January 2024

La batalla de Tarqui -27 de febrero de 1829- es uno de los hitos fundacionales en la construcción del estado ecuatoriano. A lo largo de la historia del Ecuador, la “gloriosa” Batalla de Tarqui ha sido un hecho que afirma la identidad nacional, que todos los ecuatorianos se han visto en la obligación de recordar y conocer los alcances, significados y consecuencias jurídicas de la guerra, con la finalidad de preparar conscientemente al pueblo para el objetivo de la defensa nacional. Si bien al momento de la guerra con el Perú, el Ecuador todavía formaba parte de Colombia, la carga espiritual y simbólica del acontecimiento ha logrado un sentido de pertenencia al país. En un momento en que las nuevas repúblicas estaban naciendo, y que muchas personas del sur del Ecuador estaban asociadas histórica y económicamente al Perú, es difícil determinar como el sentido de pertenencia a un estado recientemente creado empezó a calar profundo en los ciudadanos ecuatorianos.
Proto-urban hillfort at 10 microns: integrated geoarchaeological research at Pungrt (central Slovenia)
Authors: Prijatelj Agni , Gruškovnjak Luka , Vojaković Petra , Mušič Branko , Grčman Helena , Črešnar Matija
Published: January 2024

Geoarchaeological analysis of settlement stratigraphy is key to understanding continuity and change in economic, social and cultural spaces within complex (proto-)urban sites. Here, preliminary micromorphological and micro-refuse data from the Pungrt hillfort demonstrate the potential of a fine-scaled geoarchaeology-based approach for understanding the structuring and reuse of space, not just within settlements but within individual households, through time.
Predicting Discharge Destination in Older People From Acute General Medical Wards: A Systematic Review of the Psychometric Properties of 23 Assessment Tools
Authors: D'Souza Aruska N. , Granger Catherine L. , Leggett Nina E , Tomkins Melanie S. , Kay Jacqueline E. , Said Catherine M.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Predicting discharge in older people from general medicine wards is challenging. It requires consideration of function, mobility, and cognitive levels, which vary within the cohort and may fluctuate over a short period. A previous systematic review identified 23 assessment tools associated with discharge destination in this cohort; however, the psychometric properties of these tools have not been explored.

Purpose:

To evaluate, synthesize, and compare the psychometric properties of 23 assessment tools used to predict discharge destination from acute general medical wards.

Methods:

Four databases were systematically searched: Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Evidence-Based Medicine Review databases. Studies were included if participants were from general medicine or acute geriatric wards and investigated at least one psychometric property (reliability, internal consistency, measurement error, responsiveness, hypothesis testing, and structural or criterion validity) in 23 previously identified assessment tools. Data were extracted and methodological quality were assessed independently by 2 assessors using the COnsensus-based Standards for selection of health Measure INstruments (COSMIN) checklist. As per the COSMIN checklist, results were rated against “sufficient,” “insufficient,” or “indeterminate.”

Results:

Forty-one studies were included. The de Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI) was the most rigorously evaluated assessment tool; it scored “sufficient” psychometric properties in 5 of 7 psychometric categories. The Alpha Functional Independence Measure (AlphaFIM), Barthel Index, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) demonstrated “sufficient” psychometric properties in at least 3 psychometric categories. The remainder of the tools (n = 19, 83%) had “sufficient” psychometric properties in 2 or fewer psychometric categories.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Based on current evidence, out of 23 assessment tools associated with discharge destination in acute general medicine, the DEMMI has the strongest psychometric properties. Other tools with substantial evidence in this cohort include the AlphaFIM, MMSE, and Barthel Index. Research is required to thoroughly evaluate the psychometric properties of the remaining tools, which have been insufficiently researched to date. Results can be used by physical therapists to guide selection of appropriate tools to assess mobility and predict discharge destination.

Trial Registration:

A priori, PROSPERO (CRD 42017064209).
Educationalists in 1950s, 1960s Hungary: Identity and Profession through Retrospective Life (Hi)Stories
Authors: Somogyvári Lajos
Published: January 2024

This paper is based on the lost and found sources from the former Hungarian National Pedagogic Institute (OPI) and the National Educational Institute (OKI): due to the generosity of Professor Gábor Halász we can save valuable archives from disappearance. I found several life-story interviews in the corpus by different Hungarian educationalists, which were recorded in 1984 and 1985. These documents gives a unique opportunity to describe typical career patterns, how a teacher could become a head of a department in the Ministry or held other key positions on the highest level of educational administration in the post-war, communist Hungary. The semi-structured interviews focused on personal transitions and turns, connected with the historical time and political changes, including different socio-historical contexts and dimensions, like the recalled decades of 1950s and 1960, the interviewing period of the late socialism, and finally, the retrospection of the questioners. The biographic nature of the communist political system is a specific characteristics in my analysis: to get a position (like an editor in chief, a school inspector of different districts in Budapest, or a head of a department in the Cultural Ministry) it was required to constantly write and rewrite autobiographies; construct social and professional identities again and again, proved loyalty to the Party. The contemporary reader from 2023 can evaluate the sources as narrations: in the beginning crisis of the system in the 1980’s, the interviewees told their lives with the intention to form the memory, create legitimation and meanings for their past activities and life-stories.
Looking for the Personal and Professional-pedagogical Identification of Middle School Teachers during the Communist Period (1949–1989) in Hungary
Authors: Vincze Beatrix
Published: January 2024

The aim of this thesis is to show how identity and professional-pedagogical identification in pedagogy were transformed in the second half of the 20th century under the totalitarian communist dictatorship in Hungary. He gives examples and wants to demonstrate that memory (remembering) not only makes the present but also reveals the experience of the past and transfers it in its personal character into the present. Memory (the practical past) makes possible what is lost through the repeated experience of life. Furthermore, she uses the personal life histories of secondary school teachers to demonstrate that remembering has a significant impact on the production of (new) historical knowledge at both individual and group levels (Gyáni, 2020, p. 354).
Počátky studia předškolní výchovy na Pedagogické fakultě Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci v letech 1946–1950
Authors: Konečný Karel
Published: January 2024

The study traces the origins and formation of the curriculum of the Institute of Early Childhood Education, which in 1946–1950 at the Faculty of Education of Palacký University in Olomouc educated students of early childhood education for their profession as kindergarten teachers. The four newly established pedagogical faculties in Czechoslovakia were created at the universities of Prague, Brno, Olomouc and Bratislava in 1946 by the adoption of a special law. Their task was to prepare students – future teachers in all types of schools except universities. According to the statute issued by the Ministry of Education, the study of pre-school education was to last two years, i.e. four semesters. However, due to a shortage of kindergarten teachers, it was shortened indefinitely to one year, i.e. two semesters. The study analyses the curriculum of the Institute of Early Childhood Education at the Faculty of Education in Olomouc and compares it with the content of teaching at the Faculties of Education in Prague and Brno. The study of preschool education at all pedagogical faculties ceased in 1950 and was entrusted to the so-called pedagogical gymnasiums.
Formation of PbS microstructured films by CBD method and study of structural properties
Authors:   Department of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue, 71, Almaty 050040 Kazakhstan, Amirbekova G. , Tolepov Zh. ,   Department of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue, 71, Almaty 050040 Kazakhstan, Guseinov N. ,   Department of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue, 71, Almaty 050040 Kazakhstan, Nemkaeva R. ,   Department of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue, 71, Almaty 050040 Kazakhstan, Kuanyshbekov T. ,   National Scientific Laboratory of Collective Use S. Amonzholov East Kazakhstan University, 55 Kazakhstan str., Ust-Kamenogorsk 070002, Kazakhstan, Ramazanova A. ,   Department of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue, 71, Almaty 050040 Kazakhstan, Tlaubergenova D. ,   Department of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Avenue, 71, Almaty 050040 Kazakhstan
Published: January 2024

Microcrystalline lead sulfide (PbS) films were synthesized using the chemical deposition method. The films were deposited on pre-cleaned glass substrates and polished silicon wafers. Chemicals of high purity were utilized in the process. The morphology, composition, and structure of the films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The films exhibited a galena phase with a face-centered cubic structure belonging to the Fm-3m space group. The average grain size was determined using the WilliamsonHall method, revealing a homogenous structure. Raman spectroscopy further confirmed the structural integrity of the films. The obtained results contribute to the understanding of the synthesis and properties of microcrystalline PbS films.
Synthesis PEO/PS/PMMA/Se as new nanocomposite with porous morphology
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Najaf, Iraq, Mohammed K. A. , Talib R. A. ,   Polymer research center, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq, Algburi S. ,   Computer Engineering Techniques Department, College of Engineering Techniques, Al-Kitab University, Iraq, Kareem A. ,   Department of medical physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq, Bhavani B. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Alkhafaji M. A. ,   National University of Science and Technology, Dhi qar, Iraq, Zabibah R. S. ,   Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq, Alsultany F. H. ,   Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001, Hillah, Babil, Iraq, Sharma S. ,   Mechanical engineering Department, University Center for research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
Published: January 2024

Novel nanocomposite structure has been made from physical mixing of polymer blend consist PMMA, PEO and PS filled with selenium nanoparticles. The nanocomposite had been deposited on glass slide by drop casting to form a thin film. This film was examined by required instrument like FESEM, XRD, EDS and UV-Vis to show the main physical properties of it. The XRD results were reflected the crystallinity nature of selenium NPs. SEM result shows the porosity nature of prepared film , where the pore size ranging from nano to micro size on all the surface of film. Also the indirect and direct bandgaps estimated and presented and equal to 3.77 and 4 eV.