bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EKONOMI POLITIK ISLAM: PENDEKATAN MAQASID AL-SHARI’AH
Authors: Ubaidillah Ahmad
Published: October 2018

The Indonesian nation, which has undergone its independence for more than 70 years, experienced two major changes, namely in 1966 and 1998. 1966 gave birth to the New Order. The New Order period which lasted 32 years with a full orientation to pursue economic growth which was supported by security stability which killed democratic values. We have also gone through the reform era that was rolled out in 1998 which later gave birth to the state order as we feel today. During the 20 years or so of reformation, Indonesia's condition can be said to be more democratic even though it is still procedural which is marked by an election celebration party and post-conflict local election. However, economic orientation and development have almost no fundamental correction, no significant changes. The strategic economic policies taken by the government have not been in favor of the people. Potential economic resources are still held hostage by the interests of foreign countries. Both in the banking sector, insurance, capital markets, state-owned enterprises (BUMN), oil and gas mining and other economic sectors. The government only relies on the amount of economic growth, which does not contribute much to the real economy of the people. As a result, poverty and unemployment rates have not been significantly reduced. The quality of life of the people becomes low. In this paper, the author tries to study the economic growth which is always glorified by the ruling regime in the perspective of Islamic political economy. However, economic policies are inseparable from government political interference. Therefore, questions such as how is the political economy of Islam in view of economic growth amid the high poverty rate of the Indonesian people? Then what is the solution that Islamic political economy can provide in overcoming policies that are deemed not to benefit the people? From the discussion, the writer can provide some things that according to the authors are important to conclude. Islamic political economy is only one area of ​​science that will be built based on the tauhid paradigm. Basically, all existing science needs to be built within the framework of the monotheistic paradigm. The emergence and development of Islamic civilization for more than a thousand years is always based on the Tawhid paradigm. At that time, all science was built on the basis of monotheism. The problem of economic development can be solved by tauhid paradigm.
"KEBERLANJUTAN DAN PERUBAHAN” ORIENTASI PERMUKIMAN KAJIAN FENOMENA PERMUKIMAN AIRMATA DI BANTARAN KALI KACA KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Lake Reginaldo Christophori , Rayawulan Robertus Mas , Kian Donatus Ara
Published: October 2018

Permukiman Airmata adalah permukiman yang berada di bantaran sungai Kali Kaca dirancang dan dibangun para pendiri permukiman berdasarkan keadaan lokasi, perkembangan kehidupan masyarakat setempat, kearifan lokal dan sejarah penyebaran agama Islam di kota Kupang. Permukiman Airmata tumbuh pesat sejak dijadikan kampung ziarah rohani bagi agama Islam di NTT. Karakter permukiman Airmata sangat khas sehingga menarik untuk dikaji mengenai keberlanjutan budaya bermukim di bantaran sungai Kali Kaca dan perubahannya yang diakibatkan oleh meningkatnya jumlah penduduk dan pertumbuhan kota. Permasalah penelitian dalam tulisanini adalah bagaimana kelestarian dan perubahan (continue and change) permukiman Airmata di bantaran sungai Kali Kaca dan bagaimana seharusnya konsep keberlangsungan budaya bermukim di bantaran sungai dapat dilestarikan. Observasi lapangan dan kajian pustaka digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian, terdapat indikasi perubahan fisik, fungsi dan makna dari permukiman Airmata, namun keterkaitan permukiman Airmata dengan sungai Kali Kaca cenderung dipertahankan. Keaslian dan keunikan permukiman Airmata bertahan apabila ditata dengan baik dengan konsekuensi pembenahan kegiatan ekonomi di sungai, penataan ruang permukiman dan sanitasi serta pelestarian ekosistem, sehingga kekhasan permukiman bantaran sungai, yaitu interaksi manusia dengan sungai dapat dilestarikan secara arif, dan kreatif.
Volcanic-plutonic parity and the differentiation of the continental crust
Authors: Keller C. Brenhin , Schoene Blair , Barboni Melanie , Samperton Kyle , Husson Jon
Published: October 2018

The continental crust is central to the biological and geological history of Earth. However, crustal heterogeneity has prevented a thorough geochemical comparison of its primary igneous building blocks – volcanic and plutonic rocks – and the processes by which they differentiate to felsic compositions. Our analysis of a comprehensive global dataset of volcanic and plutonic whole-rock geochemistry shows that differentiation trends from primitive basaltic to felsic compositions for volcanic versus plutonic samples are generally indistinguishable in subduction zone settings, but divergent in continental rifts. Offsets in major and trace element differentiation patterns in rift settings suggest higher water content in plutonic magmas and reduced eruptibility of hydrous silicate magmas. In both tectonic settings, our results indicate that fractional crystallization, rather than crustal melting, is predominantly responsible for the production of intermediate and felsic magmas, emphasizing the role of mafic cumulates as a residue of crustal differentiation.
KAJIAN PENCEMARAN AIR TANAH OLEH LINDI DI SEKITAR TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR SAMPAH AIR DINGIN KOTA PADANG
Authors: Arbi Yaumal
Published: October 2018

Tempat pembuangan akhir Air Dingin Kota Padang operasionalnya menggunakan sistem Open damping. Terdapat perumahan penduduk pada radius 200 m dari TPA yang menjadikan air sumur dangkal sebagai sumber air utama dan perlu dilakukan permodelan menggunakan model Domenico and Scwartz untuk mengetahui sejauh mana penyebaran lindi pada air tanah. Parameter yang di simulasi meliputi Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Timbal (Pb) dan Besi (Fe). Dari hasil pengukuran lindi TPA melebihi baku mutu Kep. No. 51/MENLH/I0/1995 Fe 5,4 mg/L, Pb 0,85 mg/L dan COD 3400 mg/L . Pengukuran kontaminan pada sumur warga di lakukan pada 3 sumur dengan jarak 300, 600 dan 900 meter dari TPA searah aliran air tanah. Hasil pengukuran parameter pada sumur warga menunjukan nilai COD yang tinggi. Simulasi Fe dan Pb yang berasal dari lindi telah menyebar ± 175 m dari TPA mengikuti aliran air tanah. Penyebaran kontaminan COD mencapai ± 40 m arah longitudinal dan ± 200 m arah transversal. Prediksi Pencemaran Fe dan Pb pada air tanah terjadi 93 tahun yang akan datang dan mencapai jarak 312 meter dari TPA. Sedangkan konsentrasi COD mengalami fase steady state pada jarak 40 meter dari TPA.Tingginya nilai kontaminan COD yang terukur pada sumur warga di sekitar TPA Air Dingin Padang bukan disebabkan oleh pencemaran lindi TPA, namun disebabkan faktor lain seperti kandungan COD yang tinggi pada air tanah di sekitar lokasi TPA.
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Web: Sebuah Studi Pendahuluan di Jurusan Teknik Elektro Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Padang
Authors: Effendi Hansi
Published: October 2018

This research is a preliminary study that is used as a guide to develop an interactive web-based learning model at Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Padang State University (PSU). This research is conducted through a literature review on factors that influence the development of web-based learning model; needs assessment through a questionnaire about lecturers and students’ opinion on e-learning; and feasibility study about the readiness of PSU in the implementation of teaching and learning process through e-learning. The result from literature review can be concluded that there are three factors that should be considered in developing web-based learning model, which are: (1) Constructivism; (2) Interactivity; and (3) Student’s Learning Style. The result from need assessment and feasibility study that is conducted in the Electrical Engineering Department and Computer Center of PSU showed that the facilities and infrastructures of PSU are adequate to develop e-learning. Some issues that to be overcome are adding more computers at the campus for students who do not have their own computer and organizing a training for students about the use of e-learning in teaching and learning process.
A Sociolinguistic Exploration Of The Difference Between Male Speech And That Of Female Speech
Authors: Behbahani Hossein Kargar , Gholami Meysam
Published: October 2018

It has been observed that male speech and female speech tend to differ in their form, topic, content, and use. Early writers were highly introspective in their analyses; more recent work has begun to provide empirical evidence. Male speech might be more direct. Men tend to use more of the non-standard variety of languages. However, women, more often than not, are more supportive, polite, expressive, talk more about home and family, etc. This study was conducted to sociolinguistically examine whether male speech is any different from that of female speech if age and level of education are treated as confounding variables.
Educational Thought Of Dr. Radha Krishnan
Authors: Ahmad Dar Rayees
Published: October 2018

Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan the name needs no introduction. A philosopher, a great teacher, a scholar par-excellence, a creative genius, a great humanist, a spiritualist, a man of vision, a man of mission, a man of principles, an idealist, an orator with the gift of the gab, an original thinker, an eminent author and then the role of the Executive Head of India are a few outlines of this personality. He was one of the greatest educationists in India. He not only enlightened India, but also the whole world by his outstanding personality and intellect. He shines like a luminous star in the galaxy of intellectuals. He was a great son of India. His birthday is celebrated as the Teacher‟s day in India
A Study On Quality Of Worklife Among Private Hospital Nurses With Reference To Visakhapatnam
Authors: Madey Rajeswari , Devi Dr. S. Anitha
Published: October 2018

In the life of a working person, the caliber of work life holds prime importance. Over a period of time, numerous opportunities have been created in the corporate globe, each proposing a more conducive work environment for the employee than the terminal. This has given boost to employee expectations, which, coupled with the sufferance of the importance of employee retention, has driven employers to think even about the minutes of parameters which influence the character of workplace life. Quality of nursing care is seen as an important aspect in assessing the quality of wellness care.
«Soul ecology» – problems in formation of the new Person
Authors: Bashkirova Svetlana Nikolaevna , Pavlenko Irina Nikolaevna , Yanykina Inna Mikhailovna
Published: October 2018

Methods of psychoemotional health formation of students in the field of a healthy way of life carried out by means of medical and biological education on the basis of development of various educational competences together with the leading universities of the city PGU, VGMUPMFI are presented in the article. As a result of the joint work of the entire teaching staff, the competence of all participants in the educational process in the field of healthy lifestyle development will further help students to find their place in the world. Education is presented as highly motivated and personally-oriented, ensuring the maximum demand for personal potential, recognition of the person around and awareness of own importance.
Jihad and gazavat: the concept and relation
Authors: Khodeev Fyodor Pavlovich , Isaev Albert Khataevich
Published: October 2018

In the works of Russian writers, touching upon the important and now the theme of the Caucasian war, the word “Gazavat” is used to denote the resistance of Muslims, but the word “Jihad” is not used. The article deals with the emergence and correlation of the concepts of “Jihad” and “Gazavat” on the extensive material. And it is also proved, using the texts of the Koran and hadith, that under Jihad the Prophet understood not terrorist acts, not brutal execution of people, but sublime and noble deeds. The authors, arguing with the well-known concept of J. Friedman, predict, but on other grounds, the turmoil in Asia.
Religion and its function as a component of the mobilization processes of the social system
Authors: Dreval Liubov Vadimovna
Published: October 2018

The complicity of religion in the mobilization of the population is undeniable being, but the functions of this institution may differ, depending on the current regime, the specific situation, the crisis or the need for change. In connection with the formation and development of religious education, specific historical events reflecting the stabilizing / destabilizing functions of religion have been considered in this article. Also, the ratio of religious and secular education has been presented by the author. The forms of interaction between religion and education in the system of modern society have been listed. Some educational institutions that carry out religious education today have been indicated.
Development of child personality in pre-school age
Authors: Bytko Natalia Nikolaevna
Published: October 2018

The concepts of "individual" and "individuality" are revealed in this article. Depending on the determination, two types of individuality are distinguished, which complement each other. The work reveals the structure and origins of children's individuality, examines the reasons for the emergence of individuality of a person. The author comes to the conclusion that individual differences are peculiar features of each person's development, distinguishing it from others, implying: the characteristics of the individual (physical, age, sexual, nervous) and personal development (cognitive, emotional, social, emotional-volitional, motivational, etc.), which are formed and displayed in activities of any kind (game, educational, communicative, labor).
Development of legal culture of Russia: historical and legal questions of legal education
Authors: Yun Larisa Vladimirovna
Published: October 2018

The author of the article notes that the legal culture determines the level of legal knowledge, legal understanding and legitimacy. The article considers the peculiarities of the formation of the legal culture of the reign of Peter the Great. Attention is paid to causality and factors affecting the quality and condition of the legal consciousness and legal culture of the period under study looked through in the historical and legal context. The researcher concluded that the reforms of Peter I significantly changed the content of the legal culture of Russian society, primarily due to the increasing role of legislation and politics.
Application of information technology for gradual formation of competences at the university
Authors: Selemeneva Tatyana Aleksandrovna
Published: October 2018

The article is devoted to the problem of realization of the competence approach in education. The subject of the research is competence-oriented teaching mathematics at the University. Information technologies are an important means of improving the efficiency of this process. The choice of technologies is based on stages of competence formation. As a result, priority types of applied information technologies are allocated for each stage.
Pengaruh Gender Dan Muatan Etika Dalam Pengajaran Akuntansi Keuangan Pada Persepsi Etika Mahasiswa
Authors: Prang Farly Frangky , Sparta Sparta
Published: October 2018

The objective of this research was to examine the effect of intellectual capital toward firm’s performance. In this research, intellectual capital was measured by VAIC™.

The samples in this study were banking companies that were listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange consecutively from 2012 till 2013. The sample in this study determined based on purposive sampling method. Data used in this study is a secondary data. Data used in this study was analyzed by using Partial Least Squares. In total, there were 26 banking companies that fulfill the requirements set by the researcher. This study tests three elements of VAIC™ and firm’s performance.The results of this study were intellectual capital (VAIC™) has effect on firm’s performance; intellectual capital (VAIC™) has effect on future firm’s performance; and the rate of growth intellectual capital (ROGIC) has no effect on future firm’s performance.

Key words: Firm’s Performance, Intellectual Capital, Partial Least Squares, VAICTM
Pengaruh Net Profit Margin, Earning Per Share, Return On Equity, Price Earning Ratio, dan Debt To Equity Ratio terhadap Harga Saham
Authors: Risdanya Mentari , Zaroni Zaroni
Published: October 2018

This study aims to determine whether Net Profit Margin (NPM), Earning Per Share (EPS), Return On Equity (ROE), Price Earning Ratio (PER), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) have significant influence towards share price. The object of this research are companies in the field of property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2011-2013. Data collection methods used are secondary data from the annual financial statements. Sampling was done by using purposive sampling method, and the total sample used were 26 companies, the number of observed data 78 data. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are (1) Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return On Equity (ROE), and Price Earning Ratio (PER) have no significant effect towards share price (2) Earning Per Share (EPS) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) have a significant effect towards share price.

Keywords: Net Profit Margin, Earning Per Share, Return On Equity, Price Earning Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Share Price.
Peran Media Komunikasi Dalam Pembentukan Karakter Intelektual Di Dunia Pendidikan
Authors: Benawa Arcadius
Published: October 2018

Reality right now indicates that communication media grows continuously and move so fast. In fact our world becomes a big village or borderless because of communication media. It’s really true that communication media gives big and good contribution for education, but how far we realize that communication media used to built intellectual characters among the students and lecturers also?

Kata Kunci: media communication, intellectual characters, education.
In a diabetic patient, each vision loss is not dependent on diabetes: case report, giant suprasellar mass, menengiomjiom
Authors: KARAÜZÜM YALÇIN Nazligül , KARTAL Emine , UTLU Mustafa , ŞANİBAŞ Ahmet Veli , BAYDAR İdris , TURHAN Aykut , BAYRAKTAR Elif , ALTUN Yildirim , ÇARLIOĞLU Ayşe
Published: October 2018

Diabetes is
considered an epidemic of our age and the prevalence of the whole world is rapidly increasing.
Diabetes is predisposing to the development of many diseases and adverse
events. Diabetic retinopathy is the most important cause of blindness in middle
and advanced age; is the third cause of blindness in developed countries.
However, there are many reasons for slow vision loss other than diabetic
retinopathy. Slow-developing visual loss is most often due to cataracts, eye
defects, diabetes, age-related yellow spot disease. Sudden elevation of eye
pressure, such as eye infection, can also cause permanent visual loss with
pain. In many neurological diseases, complaints about vision can occur. These
include optic neuritis, blockage of the optic nerve, ocular neural tumors,
pituitary gland tumors, cerebral vascular occlusions and genetic diseases. We
present to our endocrinology outpatient clinic a case of complete loss of
vision for 5 years, but a giant suprasellar mass is detected in the examination
and a diagnosis of menengioma after that.
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Boosts Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Capsicum annuum L. during Germination
Authors: García-López Josué , Zavala-García Francisco , Olivares-Sáenz Emilio , Lira-Saldívar Ricardo , Díaz Barriga-Castro Enrique , Ruiz-Torres Norma , Ramos-Cortez Edith , Vázquez-Alvarado Rigoberto , Niño-Medina Guillermo
Published: October 2018

The effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on seed germination and seedling growth of Capsicum annuum L. were determined in this research. Total phenols content, total flavonoids, and condensed tannins, as well as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant capacity was determined. Results indicated that treatment with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) improved seed germination rate during the first seven days. The seed vigor germination increased 123.50%, 129.40% and 94.17% by treatment with ZnO-NPs suspensions at 100, 200 and 500 ppm, respectively. The morphological parameters tested revealed that ZnO-NPs treatments did not significantly affect plumule development, but they had a significant impact (p ≤ 0.01) on radicle length. Suspensions at 100, 200 and 500 ppm of ZnO-NPs inhibited seedling radicle growth and promoted accumulation of phenolic compounds, with a phytotoxic effect in this organ. Results suggested that zinc oxide nanoparticles influence seed vigor and seedling development and promoted the accumulation of desirable phenolic compounds in the radicle.
Growing Degree Days during the Late Reproductive Phase Determine Spike Density and Cognate Yield Traits
Authors: Farooq Muhammad Umer , Khan Abdus Salam , Ishaaq Iqra , Cheema Asim Ali , Afzal Muhammad Shahzad , Ali Asif , Zhu Jianqing
Published: October 2018

Drought has become more frequent in central Asia causing large losses in cereal yield. To surmount the existing problem, it is imperative to emphasize early maturing varietal development. However, the impact of heat units on spike morphology and its relationship with yield potential is still unclear. Thus, the current investigation was carried out to test wheat lines and varieties for variation in total heat unit’s accretion for anthesis and maturity and to understand the manipulating impact of sunlight on spike morphology, grain yield and its cognate traits. Furthermore, the gene action controlling major traits inheritance, combining ability effects, heritability, and association studies were also estimated. Following the Half Sib/Full Sib approach 27 hybrids along with 12 parents were tested. Results depicted broad variation in genetic stock. Correlation study demonstrated that earliness negatively affects the yield, while positively influencing spike density. Genetic variances were greater than variances due to environment, pointing to higher heritability (>50%) for all the characters except for grain’s weight spike−1. The degree of dominance revealed that the partial and over-dominant type of gene action conditioned inheritance of investigated traits. Thus, earliness can be used as an indirect selection criterion for yield advance.
Effects of a Change from an Indoor-Based Total Mixed Ration to a Rotational Pasture System Combined with a Moderate Concentrate Feed Supply on the Health and Performance of Dairy Cows
Authors: Hartwiger Julia , Schären Melanie , Gerhards Ursula , Hüther Liane , Frahm Jana , Von Soosten Dirk , Klüß Jeanette , Bachmann Martin , Zeyner Annette , Meyer Ulrich , Isselstein Johannes , Breves Gerhard , Dänicke Sven
Published: October 2018

In spring, the transition from a total mixed ration (TMR) to pasture requires metabolic adaptions for the cow. It had been shown that supply of low amounts of concentrate after transition to full-time grazing caused energy deficits, resulting in a lower milking performance and changes in a variety of variables indicative for energy metabolism. The present study aimed to investigate how a moderate concentrate supply (4.5 kg dry matter cow/day) after transition to pasture influences health and production indicators. Over a 12-week trial period dairy cows were observed during transition from confinement to pasture (pasture group: PG) and compared to cows fed TMR indoors (confinement group: CG). On average, the PG consumed less feed and energy than the CG and mobilized body reserves, which is mirrored in a decrease of body condition and various fat depots. These effects were paralleled by elevated serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids and ketone bodies as well as an increase in liver fat content. The physical activity (elevated walking, eating, decreasing rumination time) of the PG was significantly higher than that of the CG, which intensified the energy deficiency and resulted in a lower milk yield. In conclusion, the moderate concentrate supply was insufficient to counterbalance the lower energy intake from pasture during transition.
Necessary Morphological Patches Extraction for Automatic Micro-Expression Recognition
Authors: Zhao Yue , Xu Jiancheng
Published: October 2018

Micro expressions are usually subtle and brief facial expressions that humans use to hide their true emotional states. In recent years, micro-expression recognition has attracted wide attention in the fields of psychology, mass media, and computer vision. The shortest micro expression lasts only 1/25 s. Furthermore, different from macro-expressions, micro-expressions have considerable low intensity and inadequate contraction of the facial muscles. Based on these characteristics, automatic micro-expression detection and recognition are great challenges in the field of computer vision. In this paper, we propose a novel automatic facial expression recognition framework based on necessary morphological patches (NMPs) to better detect and identify micro expressions. Micro expression is a subconscious facial muscle response. It is not controlled by the rational thought of the brain. Therefore, it calls on a few facial muscles and has local properties. NMPs are the facial regions that must be involved when a micro expression occurs. NMPs were screened based on weighting the facial active patches instead of the holistic utilization of the entire facial area. Firstly, we manually define the active facial patches according to the facial landmark coordinates and the facial action coding system (FACS). Secondly, we use a LBP-TOP descriptor to extract features in these patches and the Entropy-Weight method to select NMP. Finally, we obtain the weighted LBP-TOP features of these NMP. We test on two recent publicly available datasets: CASME II and SMIC database that provided sufficient samples. Compared with many recent state-of-the-art approaches, our method achieves more promising recognition results.
Preclinical Models of Pediatric Brain Tumors—Forging Ahead
Authors: Dobson Tara , Gopalakrishnan Vidya
Published: October 2018

Approximately five out of 100,000 children from 0 to 19 years old are diagnosed with a brain tumor. These children are treated with medication designed for adults that are highly toxic to a developing brain. Those that survive are at high risk for a lifetime of limited physical, psychological, and cognitive abilities. Despite much effort, not one drug exists that was designed specifically for pediatric patients. Stagnant government funding and the lack of economic incentives for the pharmaceutical industry greatly limits preclinical research and the development of clinically applicable pediatric brain tumor models. As more data are collected, the recognition of disease sub-groups based on molecular heterogeneity increases the need for designing specific models suitable for predictive drug screening. To overcome these challenges, preclinical approaches will need continual enhancement. In this review, we examine the advantages and shortcomings of in vitro and in vivo preclinical pediatric brain tumor models and explore potential solutions based on past, present, and future strategies for improving their clinical relevancy.
Applications of Electronic-Nose Technologies for Noninvasive Early Detection of Plant, Animal and Human Diseases
Authors: Wilson Alphus Dan
Published: October 2018

The development of electronic-nose (e-nose) technologies for disease diagnostics was initiated in the biomedical field for detection of biotic (microbial) causes of human diseases during the mid-1980s. The use of e-nose devices for disease-diagnostic applications subsequently was extended to plant and animal hosts through the invention of new gas-sensing instrument types and disease-detection methods with sensor arrays developed and adapted for additional host types and chemical classes of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) closely associated with individual diseases. Considerable progress in animal disease detection using e-noses in combination with metabolomics has been accomplished in the field of veterinary medicine with new important discoveries of biomarker metabolites and aroma profiles for major infectious diseases of livestock, wildlife, and fish from both terrestrial and aquaculture pathology research. Progress in the discovery of new e-nose technologies developed for biomedical applications has exploded with new information and methods for diagnostic sampling and disease detection, identification of key chemical disease biomarkers, improvements in sensor designs, algorithms for discriminant analysis, and greater, more widespread testing of efficacy in clinical trials. This review summarizes progressive advancements in utilizing these specialized gas-sensing devices for numerous diagnostic applications involving noninvasive early detections of plant, animal, and human diseases.
Economical Evaluation and Optimal Energy Management of a Stand-Alone Hybrid Energy System Handling in Genetic Algorithm Strategies
Authors: Hazem Mohammed Omar , Amirat Yassine , Benbouzid Mohamed
Published: October 2018

Hybrid renewable energy systems are a promising technology for clean and sustainable development. In this paper, an intelligent algorithm, based on a genetic algorithm (GA), was developed and used to optimize the energy management and design of wind/PV/tidal/ storage battery model for a stand-alone hybrid system located in Brittany, France. This proposed optimization focuses on the economic analysis to reduce the total cost of hybrid system model. It suggests supplying the load demand under different climate condition during a 25-years interval, for different possible cases and solutions respecting many constraints. The proposed GA-based optimization approach achieved results clear highlight its practicality and applicability to any hybrid power system model, including optimal energy management, cost constraint, and high reliability.
Improving Performance of Three-Phase Slim DC-Link Drives Utilizing Virtual Positive Impedance-Based Active Damping Control
Authors: Aksoz Ahmet , Song Yipeng , Saygin Ali , Blaabjerg Frede , Davari Pooya
Published: October 2018

In this paper, a virtual positive impedance (VPI) based active damping control for a slim DC-link motor drive with 24 section space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) is proposed. Utilizing the proposed control and modulation strategy can improve the input of current total harmonic distortion (THD) while maintaining the cogging torque of the motor. The proposed system is expected to reduce the front-end current THD according to international standards, as per IEC 61000 and IEEE-519. It is also expected to achieve lower cost, longer lifetime, and fewer losses. A permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is fed by the inverter, which adopts the 24 section SVPWM technique. The VPI based active damping control for the slim DC-link drive with/without the 24 section SVPWM are compared to confirm the performance of the proposed method. The simulation results based on MATLAB are provided to validate the proposed control strategy.
The Optimization of Marine Diesel Engine Rotational Speed Control Process by Fuzzy Logic Control Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Tran Tien
Published: October 2018

The marine main diesel engine rotational speed automatic control plays a significant role in determining the optimal main diesel engine speed under impacting on navigation environment conditions. In this article, the application of fuzzy logic control theory for main diesel engine speed control has been associated with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Firstly, the controller is designed according to fuzzy logic control theory. Secondly, the fuzzy logic controller will be optimized by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in order to obtain the optimal adjustment of the membership functions only. Finally, the fuzzy logic controller has been completely innovated by Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. The study results will be represented under digital simulation form, as well as comparison between traditional fuzzy logic controller with fuzzy logic control–particle swarm optimization speed controller being obtained.
Minkowski Dimension and Explicit Tube Formulas for p-Adic Fractal Strings
Authors: Lapidus Michel L. , Lũ’ Hùng , Van Frankenhuijsen Machiel
Published: October 2018

The theory of complex dimensions describes the oscillations in the geometry (spectra and dynamics) of fractal strings. Such geometric oscillations can be seen most clearly in the explicit volume formula for the tubular neighborhoods of a p-adic fractal string L p , expressed in terms of the underlying complex dimensions. The general fractal tube formula obtained in this paper is illustrated by several examples, including the nonarchimedean Cantor and Euler strings. Moreover, we show that the Minkowski dimension of a p-adic fractal string coincides with the abscissa of convergence of the geometric zeta function associated with the string, as well as with the asymptotic growth rate of the corresponding geometric counting function. The proof of this new result can be applied to both real and p-adic fractal strings and hence, yields a unifying explanation of a key result in the theory of complex dimensions for fractal strings, even in the archimedean (or real) case.
Testing the Anomalous Growth of the Black Hole Radius from AGN
Authors: Addazi Andrea , Marciano Antonino , Qian Chenyang
Published: October 2018

We analyze constraints on the anomalous growth of the black hole radius or the black hole spin from the X-rays spectrum data of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) in NGC 5506. The anomalous growth of the mass or of the spin of a black hole may be unveiled within the framework of models of alternative gravity, including f ( R ) -gravity. Our phenomenological analysis is based on an effective parametrization for the black hole Kerr metric, which is inspired by the antievaporating solutions discovered by Nojiri and Odintsov. We find tight constraints on the parameter space of anomalous metrics. Intriguingly, we find that a more than secularly growing solution can better fit current data. Our result opens a pathway towards a new phenomenological approach for testing predictions of general relativity and alternative theories of gravity.
Conservation of k-mer Composition and Correlation Contribution between Introns and Intergenic Regions of Animalia Genomes
Authors: Sievers Aaron , Wenz Frederik , Hausmann Michael , Hildenbrand Georg
Published: October 2018

In this study, we pairwise-compared multiple genome regions, including genes, exons, coding DNA sequences (CDS), introns, and intergenic regions of 39 Animalia genomes, including Deuterostomia (27 species) and Protostomia (12 species), by applying established k-mer-based (alignment-free) comparison methods. We found strong correlations between the sequence structure of introns and intergenic regions, individual organisms, and within wider phylogenetical ranges, indicating the conservation of certain structures over the full range of analyzed organisms. We analyzed these sequence structures by quantifying the contribution of different sets of DNA words to the average correlation value by decomposing the correlation coefficients with respect to these word sets. We found that the conserved structures within introns, intergenic regions, and between the two were mainly a result of conserved tandem repeats with repeat units ≤ 2 bp (e.g., (AT)n), while other conserved sequence structures, such as those found between exons and CDS, were dominated by tandem repeats with repeat unit sizes of 3 bp in length and more complex DNA word patterns. We conclude that the conservation between intron and intergenic regions indicates a shared function of these sequence structures. Also, the similar differences in conserved structures with known origin, especially to the conservation between exons and CDS resulting from DNA codons, indicate that k-mer composition-based functional properties of introns and intergenic regions may differ from those of exons and CDS.
Derivation and Validation of Machine Learning Approaches to Predict Acute Kidney Injury after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Lee Hyung-Chul , Yoon Hyun-Kyu , Nam Karam , Cho Youn Joung , Kim Tae Kyong , Kim Won Ho , Bahk Jae-Hyon
Published: October 2018

Machine learning approaches were introduced for better or comparable predictive ability than statistical analysis to predict postoperative outcomes. We sought to compare the performance of machine learning approaches with that of logistic regression analysis to predict acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. We retrospectively reviewed 2010 patients who underwent open heart surgery and thoracic aortic surgery. Baseline medical condition, intraoperative anesthesia, and surgery-related data were obtained. The primary outcome was postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. The following machine learning techniques were used: decision tree, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, support vector machine, neural network classifier, and deep learning. The performance of these techniques was compared with that of logistic regression analysis regarding the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC). During the first postoperative week, AKI occurred in 770 patients (38.3%). The best performance regarding AUC was achieved by the gradient boosting machine to predict the AKI of all stages (0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75–0.80) or stage 2 or 3 AKI. The AUC of logistic regression analysis was 0.69 (95% CI 0.66–0.72). Decision tree, random forest, and support vector machine showed similar performance to logistic regression. In our comprehensive comparison of machine learning approaches with logistic regression analysis, gradient boosting technique showed the best performance with the highest AUC and lower error rate. We developed an Internet–based risk estimator which could be used for real-time processing of patient data to estimate the risk of AKI at the end of surgery.
Polish Validation of the SarQoL®, a Quality of Life Questionnaire Specific to Sarcopenia
Authors: Konstantynowicz Jerzy , Abramowicz Pawel , Glinkowski Wojciech , Taranta Ewa , Marcinowicz Ludmila , Dymitrowicz Malgorzata , Reginster Jean-Yves , Bruyere Olivier , Beaudart Charlotte
Published: October 2018

Recently, SarQoL® (Sarcopenia and Quality of Life), a quality of life (QoL) questionnaire specific to sarcopenia, was successfully developed. For practical reasons, there is a great interest in validating this questionnaire in other populations. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to translate and adjust the SarQoL® into Polish and to standardize the validity of this method for the assessment of sarcopenic individuals in Poland with regard to psychometric properties. The English version was used for the translation process. A total of 106 community-dwelling Caucasian subjects aged 73.3 ± 5.94 years (65.1% females) were studied, with 60 participants being diagnosed sarcopenic. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation was carried out in five phases according to specific standard guidelines. There were no major linguistic issues in the translation process. The data confirmed a good discriminant validity, i.e., significantly lower scores for all domains (reduced global QoL in sarcopenic subjects compared to non-sarcopenic ones; 54.9 ± 16.5 vs. 63.3 ± 17.1, p = 0.013), and high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.92). The significant correlation of the SarQoL® scores with those of other questionnaires (SF-36v2® Health Survey and EuroQoL-5-Dimension) that are supposed to have similar dimensions indicated the consistent construct validity of the SarQoL®-PL questionnaire. No floor/ceiling effects were found. An excellent agreement was found between the test and the re-test (intraclass coefficient correlation (ICC): 0.99). The first Polish version of the SarQoL® questionnaire is valid and consistent and therefore may be used with reliability for clinical and research purposes regarding QoL assessment of sarcopenic individuals. However, further research, in particular prospective studies, is needed to determine potential limitations and the suitability of the new tool for the Polish scenario and specificity.
On the Application LBP Texture Descriptors and Its Variants for No-Reference Image Quality Assessment
Authors: Garcia Freitas Pedro , Da Eira Luísa , Santos Samuel , Farias Mylene
Published: October 2018

Automatic assessing the quality of an image is a critical problem for a wide range of applications in the fields of computer vision and image processing. For example, many computer vision applications, such as biometric identification, content retrieval, and object recognition, rely on input images with a specific range of quality. Therefore, an effort has been made to develop image quality assessment (IQA) methods that are able to automatically estimate quality. Among the possible IQA approaches, No-Reference IQA (NR-IQA) methods are of fundamental interest, since they can be used in most real-time multimedia applications. NR-IQA are capable of assessing the quality of an image without using the reference (or pristine) image. In this paper, we investigate the use of texture descriptors in the design of NR-IQA methods. The premise is that visible impairments alter the statistics of texture descriptors, making it possible to estimate quality. To investigate if this premise is valid, we analyze the use of a set of state-of-the-art Local Binary Patterns (LBP) texture descriptors in IQA methods. Particularly, we present a comprehensive review with a detailed description of the considered methods. Additionally, we propose a framework for using texture descriptors in NR-IQA methods. Our experimental results indicate that, although not all texture descriptors are suitable for NR-IQA, many can be used with this purpose achieving a good accuracy performance with the advantage of a low computational complexity.
Bond Risk Premia and Restrictions on Risk Prices
Authors: Hevia Constantino , Sola Martin
Published: October 2018

Researchers who estimate affine term structure models often impose overidentifying restrictions (restrictions on parameters beyond those necessary for identification) for a variety of reasons. While some of those restrictions seem to have minor effects on the extracted factors and some measures of risk premia, such as the forward risk premium, they may have a large impact on other measures of risk premia that is often ignored. In this paper, we analyze how apparently innocuous overidentifying restrictions imposed on affine term structure models can lead to large differences in several measures of risk premiums.
Effect of Long-Term High Temperature Oxidation on the Coking Behavior of Ni-Cr Superalloys
Authors: Sarris Stamatis A. , Patil Manjunath , Verbeken Kim , Reyniers Marie-Françoise , Van Geem Kevin M.
Published: October 2018

The service time of an industrial cracker is strongly dependent on the long-term coking behavior and microstructure stability of the reactor coil alloy. Super alloys are known to withstand temperatures up to even 1400 K. In this work, several commercially available alloys have been first exposed to a long term oxidation at 1423 K for 500 h, so-called metallurgic aging. Subsequently, their coking behavior was evaluated in situ in a thermogravimetric setup under ethane steam cracking conditions (Tgasphase = 1173 K, Ptot = 0.1 MPa, XC2H6 = 70%, continuous addition of 41 ppmw S/HC of DMDS, dilution δ = 0.33 kgH2O/kgHC) and compared with their unaged coking behavior. The tested samples were also examined using scanning electron microscopy and energy diffractive X-ray for surface and cross-section analysis. The alloys characterized by increased Cr-Ni content or the addition of Al showed improved stability against bulk oxidation and anti-coking behavior after application of metallurgic aging due to the formation of more stable oxides on the top surface.
Purification of Aluminium Cast Alloy Melts through Precipitation of Fe-Containing Intermetallic Compounds
Authors: Gnatko Marina , Li Cong , Arnold Alexander , Friedrich Bernd
Published: October 2018

Aluminium secondary materials are often contaminated by impurities such as iron. As the alloy properties are affected by impurities, it is necessary to refine aluminium melts. The formation of Fe intermetallics in aluminium melts can be used to develop a purification technology based on the removal of intermetallic compounds. In this study, the temperature range for effective separation of intermetallics was determined in an industrial-relevant Al–Si–Fe–Mn system with 6 to 10 Si wt. %, 0.5 to 2.0 Fe wt. %, and 0 to 2.0 Mn wt. %. Based on DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis) and SEM (scanning electron microscope) results and following the rules of phase boundary drawing, isopleths were drawn. This method allows to derive the temperature ranges of intermetallic phase stability and can be applied for the assessment of melt-refining parameters.
Simultaneous Intake of Euglena Gracilis and Vegetables Synergistically Exerts an Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Attenuates Visceral Fat Accumulation by Affecting Gut Microbiota in Mice
Authors: Sakanoi Yuto , E Shuang , Yamamoto Kazushi , Ota Toshikuni , Seki Kentarou , Imai Mayumi , Ota Ryuki , Asayama Yuta , Nakashima Ayaka , Suzuki Kengo , Tsuduki Tsuyoshi
Published: October 2018

We determined whether the benefits provided by the consumption of Euglena gracilis (Euglena), which is a unicellular photosynthesizing green alga and rich in insoluble dietary fiber paramylon, can be enhanced by the co-consumption of vegetables that are rich in soluble dietary fiber. Nine-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: group 1 received normal diet, whereas groups 2, 3 and 4 received normal diet containing 0.3% paramylon, 1.0% Euglena, or 1.0% Euglena plus 0.3% vegetables (barley leaf, kale and ashitaba), respectively. Mice were fed ad libitum until 18 weeks of age. Euglena intake significantly decreased serum markers of inflammation and co-consumption of vegetables enhanced this reduction. Notably, we observed an increase in the fraction of beneficial bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids, a reduction in harmful bacteria that cause inflammation and an increase in short-chain fatty acid production. Visceral fat accumulation was also reduced. Subsequent analyses showed that co-consumption of Euglena with vegetables reduced adipocyte area, suppressed the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis and increased the expression of genes related to adipocyte growth and lipolysis. Therefore, co-consumption of Euglena with vegetables enhanced its anti-inflammatory effect and the inhibitory effect on visceral fat accumulation likely by modulating the composition of gut microbiota.