bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between maternal genitourinary infections and the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in children according to a systematic review
Authors: Isaeva P. S. , Murshudli M. R. , Strukova A. V. , Zabrodin N. A. , Petelin D. S.
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are among the most significant and widespread mental disorders that manifest in childhood and adolescence. Their etiology and pathogenesis have not been studied enough and most likely a complex of factors leads to their formation. Among other things, data are accumulating on the role of various hazards and diseases of the mother, which increase the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring. These include genitourinary infections, whose contribution to the development of autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has not yet been systematically studied.

Aim. To establish the contribution of maternal genitourinary infections to the formation of autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children.

Materials and methods. An electronic search was conducted in the Scopus and Pubmed databases to obtain relevant literature by August 2022. The search strategy included a combination of keywords and MESH terms: urogenital infections, and autism, and autism spectrum disorders, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and maternal infections.

Results. On this topic 10 papers have been identified in the available literature – 6 on autism spectrum disorders and 4 on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In all the papers on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder included in the analysis, an association between genitourinary infections and neuropsychiatric disorders was revealed. In the case of autism spectrum disorders, the data obtained were more contradictory. The heterogeneity of the available data (different designs, different deficits and approaches to the diagnosis of genitourinary infections) did not allow for a meta-analysis.

Conclusions. Genitourinary infections play a pathogenetic role in the formation of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, while the effect of genitourinary infections on the development of autism spectrum disorders seems less unambiguous. It is necessary to continue work in this area with a more unified design to form practical recommendations for the prevention of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Partition of Bengal: Impact on Displaced Women and their Contribution to Refugee Movement in West Bengal
Authors: Baral Sayantika , Ghosh Tuhin
Published: May 2024

Indian independence in 1947 and its consequences created a major change in the Indian administrative structure in which British India split into Hindu-dominated India and Muslim-dominated Pakistan, respectively. This division also fragmented the undivided Bengal and West Bengal and East Pakistan appeared on the world political map. These partitions played a crucial role among the inhabitants of both regions and they started to leave their country of origin. Hindus from East Pakistan especially women were one of those migrants who were displaced from their motherland and settled in West Bengal. This study deals with the situation, women faced during and after their displacement in West Bengal. It highlights their movement to achieve rehabilitation benefits from the government and their struggle to be financially independent individuals. Several archival reports, books, newspaper articles, etc. helped provide information regarding refugee women’s conditions from East Pakistan to West Bengal.
Impact of downstream obstructions on ogee weir efficiency: a regression analysis
Authors: S. M. Shravan Kumar , Patil Chidanand , Yadav Anamika , Bukke Lavanya , Reddy R. Laxmana , Sakare Praveen Kumar
Published: May 2024

This study delves into the impact of downstream obstruction angles on the discharge coefficient (Cd) over ogee weirs within open channel flows, a critical factor for accurate flow rate predictions in hydraulic engineering. Employing a series of detailed laboratory experiments, the influence of various obstruction angles on Cd was scrutinized applying a suite of regression analysis to develop predictive models. The analysis was enriched by considering hydraulic parameters such as flow rate, water level, and weir geometry. Despite the established importance of Cd in hydraulic designs the nuanced effects of downstream obstructions have received limited attention, highlighting a critical research gap. The findings highlight a strong correlation between obstruction angles and Cd, with developed regression models demonstrating notable predictive strength. Remarkably the models exhibited varying levels of accuracy, with the Random Forest regressor achieving an exceptionally low root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.005, indicating superior predictive performance. Conversely, traditional models like Decision tree and XG BOOST reflected higher RMSE values of 0.60, suggesting less predictive accuracy in this context. LASSO, Bayesian Ridge, and OMP regressors stood out with an RMSE of zero, denoting perfect predictions under the study's specific conditions.
Training of Library Specialists: Updating the Content of Education
Authors: Muliavina Eleonora Aleksandrovna
Published: May 2024

The author outlines the experience of synchronizing documents that determine the content of education in the areas of training bachelors in library and information activities. She shows how the disciplines of the curriculum, the basic educational program, and the system of assignments for students’ extracurricular research work are brought in accordance with the requirements of employers expressed in the professional standard “Specialist in Library and Information Activities.”
Requerimentos de frio de videiras ‘Riesling Itálico’, ‘Tannat’ e ‘Cabernet Franc’ no período de dormência
Authors: Anzanello Rafael
Published: May 2024

A videira apresenta um período de dormência no outono/inverno, superado pelo acúmulo de horas de frio (HF) ≤7,2ºC, temperatura genérica para frutíferas temperadas. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a necessidade de frio para superação da dormência de três cultivares de videiras. Estacas de ‘Riesling Itálico’, ‘Tannat’ e ‘Cabernet Franc’ foram coletadas em vinhedos localizados em Veranópolis-RS, em abril/2022, com zero horas de frio (HF≤7,2°C) a campo. Os ramos, processados em estacas de nós-isolados, foram submetidos em câmaras incubadoras à temperatura de 7,2°C por 13 tempos de exposição (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550 e 600 HF). Ao final de cada tempo de frio, uma parcela das estacas foi transferida para 25ºC para indução e avaliação da brotação das gemas. Os dados de brotação foram analisados quanto aos parâmetros de brotação máxima, precocidade e uniformidade. As cultivares apresentaram diferenças na necessidade de frio para a superação da dormência. ‘Riesling Iálico’, ‘Tannat’ e ‘Cabernet Franc’ apresentaram um requerimento de 150, 250 e 400 HF no período da dormência, respectivamente. A precocidade e uniformidade de brotação das gemas foi maior após suprido o frio na dormência para cada cultivar.
miRNAs Influence m6A RNA Methylation through FTO and IGF2BP2 in
Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure
Authors: Wang Yuanqi , Xu Linghao , Tapu Md Sakibur Rahman , Jiao Tiantian , Lin Xueqi , Song Wei , Wang Liang , Nie Lindong , Cheng Jing , Xing Lijian , Zhang Qi , Li Jiming
Published: May 2024

Background:

N6-adenosine methylation (m6A) is a prevalent RNA modification associated with heart failure, alongside aberrant miRNA expression. Despite indications of miRNAs
regulating m6A modification, their specific influence on m6A in heart failure remains unclear.

Methods:

The initial analysis utilized transcriptome and methylation sequencing data from
GSE131296 in mice to identify key m6A methylation enzymes in heart failure and construct an
associated network. Integration of miRNA sequencing data from GSE231700 revealed miRNAs
influencing m6A methylation enzymes, contributing to the formation of a comprehensive network. Furthermore, differential miRNA levels in human serum were assessed via qPCR, and the
expression of m6A methyltransferases in the heart was confirmed using proteomic databases.

Results:

In pressure overload-induced heart failure mice, 217 mRNAs showed differential expression, with FTO and IGF2BP2 identified as m6A methylation enzymes. Subsequent methylation sequencing revealed 884 highly-methylated and 178 lowly-methylated peaks, establishing a
network linking Fto and Igf2bp2 with these peaks. Additionally, miRNA sequencing identified
156 differentially expressed miRNAs, including let-7b-5p and miR-23b-3p, predicted as m6Aregulating miRNAs, both elevated in heart failure patients.

Conclusion:

miR-23b-3p and let-7b-5p are identified as potential regulators of RNA methylation in heart failure, acting via FTO and IGF2BP2, offering new insights into the role of miRNA-mediated RNA methylation and its potential therapeutic avenues for heart failure.
Panax ginseng Ameliorates Pituitary-ovarian Dysfunction Induced by Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation from Cell Phones via Upregulation of the CREM Signaling Pathway
Authors: Oyewopo Oyetunji A. , Badejogbin Olabimpe C. , Ajadi Isaac O. , Enye Linus A. , Ajadi Mary B. , Ebuwa Ikponmwosa V. , Owolabi Olutunmise V. , Areloegbe Stephanie E. , Olaniyi Kehinde S.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Panax ginseng (PG) is a plant that contains ginsenosides, which are considered
adaptogens that confer cellular protection. However, the impact of PG on pituitary-ovarian dysfunction
and subsequent infertility is unknown. This study investigated the hypothesis that PG would
attenuate pituitary-ovarian dysfunction associated with mobile phone’s Radiofrequency Electromagnetic
Radiation (RF-EMR) in experimental rat models and the possible involvement of a cAMP Response
Element Modulator (CREM)-dependent pathway.

Methods:

Twenty adult female Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups, each consisting
of five rats. The control group was administered a vehicle (distilled water) orally, while the P. ginseng
group received 200 mg/kg of P. ginseng extract orally. The RF-EMR group was exposed to 900MHz
radiation, and the RF-EMR + PG group was exposed to the same radiation while also being treated
with 200 mg/kg of P. ginseng orally. These treatments were administered daily for a period of 56
days.

Results:

The RF-EMR group exhibited significant reductions in serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol,
and progesterone compared to the control group. Moreover, levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD)
and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly lower in the RF-EMR group compared to the
control. Additionally, there was a notable decrease in the expression of the CREM gene, accompanied
by disrupted pituitary/ovarian morphology in the RF-EMR group compared to the control. However,
the administration of PG mitigated these changes.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study indicate that P. ginseng extract shields against pituitary-ovarian
impairment linked to RF-EMR exposure from cell phones by boosting antioxidant capacity and
promoting the CREM-dependent pathway.
Analysis of Ileal Atresia from Prenatal Ultrasound to Postoperative Follow-up:
Two Case Reports
Authors: Lv Zimeng , Qu Hongyi , Hu Jingyuan , Dong Yue , Liu Wei
Published: May 2024

Background::

Congenital ileal atresia is a rare neonatal disease, the most common type of intestinal malformation in newborns, and one of the most common
causes of congenital intestinal obstruction. It can cause various digestive system symptoms, including abdominal distension, vomiting, abnormal
bowel movements, etc. In severe cases, it can be life-threatening. A prenatal ultrasound examination can assist clinical diagnosis of congenital ileal
atresia, and those with a clear prenatal diagnosis should undergo surgical treatment after birth.

Case Presentation::

We have, herein, reported two cases of congenital ileal atresia, both of which showed fetal intestinal dilation (>7mm) and excessive amniotic fluid
on prenatal ultrasound. Both newborns underwent surgical treatment after delivery and were confirmed to have congenital ileal atresia during
surgery. Due to the different prenatal ultrasound manifestations of the two patients, they were divided into two different subtypes based on
intraoperative manifestations. We observed significant differences in the prognosis of the two patients after surgery

Conclusion::

Accurately locating and classifying ileal atresia using prenatal ultrasound is challenging; however, it plays an effective role in disease progression,
gestational assessment, and prognosis. Accurately identifying intestinal diseases and/or the location of lesion sites through direct and indirect
ultrasound findings in the fetal abdominal cavity is an important research direction for prenatal ultrasound.
Effect of Diosmin on Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of
Rivaroxaban in Rats
Authors: Wang Siwen , Cui Mingyu , Wu Fan , Yu Chao , Sui Yue , Yan Xueying , Gai Yingli
Published: May 2024

Background and Objective:

Rivaroxaban, a direct oral anticoagulant, has become the
first-line therapy medicine to prevent and treat Venous Thromboembolism (VTE). Patients with femoropopliteal
venous thrombosis may use rivaroxaban along with diosmin. Rivaroxaban is the
substrate of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein (P-gp), but diosmin is the inhibitor. The combination
might lead to Drug-drug Interaction (DDI). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of diosmin
on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban in rats.

Methods:

Plasma concentration of rivaroxaban in the absence or presence of diosmin groups was
determined by High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Pharmacokinetics parameters
were calculated and used to evaluate pharmacokinetics interactions. Anticoagulation was investigated
by Prothrombin Time (PT), International Normalized Ratio (INR), and Activated Partial
Thromboplastin Time (APTT). Antithrombotic efficacy was investigated by the length of tail
thrombosis, the content levels of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and D-dimer (D-D) in rats, and histopathological
sections in the tail thrombosis model.

Results:

Maximum concentration (Cmax), 0-t Area Under the Curve (AUC0–t), 0-∞ Area Under the
Curve (AUC0–∞) of rivaroxaban increased significantly in the combination group. PT, INR, and
APPT in the combination group exhibited an increase compared to the Rivaroxaban group. Simultaneously,
the length of tail thrombosis and levels of IL-1β and D-D were significantly reduced.
Significant improvement of tissue histology in tail thrombosis could be observed.

Conclusion:

Taken together, diosmin could significantly affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
of rivaroxaban, and enhance anticoagulant and antithrombotic efficacy in rats. More
attention should be paid to avoid harmful DDI in the clinic.
Diabulimia and Type 1 Diabetes: An Unknown and Emerging Problem
Authors: Rivolta Benedetta , Masserini Benedetta , Bernardi Irene , Camera Antonella , Liboà Federico , Solerte Sebastiano Bruno , Cerabolini Chiara , Cerutti Nadia
Published: May 2024

Background::

T1DM patients have a higher prevalence of eating disorders than the
general population, and up to 30-40% of young T1DM patients suffer from an eating disorder,
including diabulimia. Eating disorders worsen glycemic control and make insulin therapy management
more difficult. Closed loop systems (HCLS) allow major therapeutic flexibility; however,
proper carbohydrate (CHO) counting remains a fundamental feature for insulin dose adjustments.

Case Report::

A 30-year-old female patient affected by T1DM (with a past medical history of
drug abuse and depressive syndrome) presented with inadequate glycemic control and prandial
boli management. She started a CHO counting course and had a HCLS positioned, with progressive
amelioration of glycemic control. During follow-up evaluations, HCLS data showed a
progressive reduction and abeyance of prandial boli; the patient also developped an excessive
fear of weight gain. An integrated approach between diabetologist, psychiatrist and dietitian
allowed a diagnosis of diabulimia, an eating disorder characterized by a progressive reduction
and elimination of carbohydrate ingestion and insulin boli, with episodes of uncontrolled binging
and purging. A multidisciplinary approach (fortnightly dietetic and psychiatric evaluations,
use of bioimpedance, fixed CHO content diet) allowed the patient to reach a better glycometabolic
control and disease consciousness.

Conclusion::

T1DM patients need to pay great attention to food quality and quantity; hence, an
eating disorder diagnosis may be challenging. Additionally, there are currently no standard
screening methods for this purpose. In our experience, an integrated approach is fundamental
and may be a valid strategy to face this emerging problem.
Artificial Intelligence for Detecting Periodontitis: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Fidyawati Desy , Masulili Sri Lelyati C , Iskandar Hanna Bachtiar , Suhartanto Heru , Soeroso Yuniarti
Published: May 2024

Background

The determination of the diagnosis of inflammatory periodontitis is generally based on clinical examination, which is then strengthened by radiographic examination. Still, the inequality of assessment of clinical conditions, along with limitations of radiographic interpretation, makes determining the diagnosis of the periodontal disease difficult. The use of artificial intelligence as a digital system approach is believed to reduce costs, time, the need for medical services, and medical errors that may occur due to human factors.

Objective

This systematic review study is to analyze the use of dental and panoramic radiographs combined with the use of artificial intelligence in establishing the diagnosis of periodontitis based on the parameters of periodontal disease severity according to the 2017 American Academy of Periodontology/European Federation of Periodontology Workshop (pocket depth, clinical attachment loss (CAL) and the pattern and level of alveolar bone damage that occurs).

Methods

Journal searches for articles published in English were carried out through the PubMed and Scopus databases in the 2011-2021 period, using the search terms periodontitis, periodontal disease, food impaction, trauma occlusion, periapical radiograph, panoramic, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and periodontal bone loss, after going through article selection, two suitable articles were obtained.

Results

Two studies fell into the analyzed category. Both list periodontal bone loss as a parameter that marks periodontitis, and the use of panoramic photos in detecting this parameter assisted by Convolutional Neural Networks as artificial intelligence.

Conclusion

The use of panoramic radiographs and Convolutional Neural Networks as artificial intelligence that serves as a tool to detect periodontal bone damage has almost the same results as experienced clinicians In order for this method to be developed in the future to help clinicians establish the diagnosis, more clinical and image data will be required.
Biological Efficacy of Ionizing Radiation Sources on 3D Organotypic Tissue Slices Assessed by Fluorescence Microscopy
Authors: Shestakova Victoria , Smirnova Anna , Yakimova Anna , Koryakin Sergey , Baranovskii Denis , Saburov Vyacheslav , Yatsenko Elena , Moiseev Alexander , Ivanov Sergey , Smirnova Ekaterina , Belkina Svetlana , Demyashkin Grigory , Komarova Lyudmila , Shegay Peter , Kaprin Andrey , Klabukov Ilya
Published: May 2024

Objective:

Traditional cell-based radiobiological methods are inadequate for assessing the toxicity of ionizing radiation exposure in relation to the microstructure of the extracellular matrix. Organotypic tissue slices preserve the spatial organization observed in vivo,
making the tissue easily accessible for visualization and staining. This study aims to explore the
use of fluorescence microscopy of physiologically compatible 3D tissue cultures to assess the
effects of ionizing radiation.

Methods:

Organotypic tissue slices were obtained by vibratome, and their mechanical properties were studied. Slices were exposed by two ionizing radiation sources; electron beams (80 Gy
and 4 Gy), and soft gamma irradiation (80 Gy and 4 Gy). Two tissue culture protocols were
used: the standard (37°C), and hypothermic (30°C) conditions. A qualitative analysis of cell
viability in organotypic tissue slices was performed using fluorescent dyes and standard laser
confocal microscopy.

Results:

Biological dosimetry is represented by differentially stained 200-µm thick organotypic
tissue sections related to living and dead cells and cell metabolic activity

Conclusion:

Our results underscore the ability of fluorescence laser scanning confocal microscopy to rapidly assess the radiobiological effects of ionizing radiation in vitro on 3D organotypic tissue slices.
A Digital Image Method for Calculating the Working Chamber Volume of
a Combined Profile Scroll Compressor
Authors: Liao Zhixiang , Peng Bin , Zhang Pengcheng , Sun Jian , Zhu Bingguo
Published: May 2024

Background:

The efficient and accurate calculation of working chamber volume can
greatly contribute to the optimized design efficiency of the combined profile scroll compressor, but
current papers and patents lack research on the method of calculating the working chamber volume
of a combined profile scroll compressor.

Objective:

A method of using digital image processing is proposed to efficiently calculate the working
chamber volume of a combined scroll compressor.

Methods:

This method discretizes and reconstructs the scroll profile that forms the working chamber
into a coordinate sequence with equal involute angle intervals. By calculating the relationship
between the coordinate sequence and the rotation angle, a general coordinate sequence that forms
the working chamber profile is obtained. The real-time changes in the projection image of the working
chamber during all the suction, compression and discharge processes can be accurately depicted.
The digital image is processed to obtain the actual projection area of the working chamber, and
thus, the volume of the working chamber is accurately calculated.

Results:

The digital image method can accurately calculate the volume change of the working
chamber of the combined profile scroll compressor by selecting the appropriate involute angle interval
and digital image size, with a mean relative error of less than 1%. At the beginning of suction
and the end of discharge, the calculated volume has been found to have poor accuracy, with a maximum
relative error higher than 10%.

Conclusion:

The digital image method has been found to have high accuracy, greatly reduce the
difficulty of the analysis of the working chamber volume, and promote the design optimization of
the combined profile scroll compressor, thus broadening the idea for the calculation method of the
working chamber volume of the scroll compressor.
Remdesivir in Severe Cases of COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Boretti Alberto
Published: May 2024

Background:

Assessing the efficacy of remdesivir for COVID-19 infection holds historical
significance. Understanding its effectiveness from previous pandemic instances can enable
us to gain insights into its efficacy, informing our strategies for responding to future outbreaks or
variants.

Objective:

Gaining an insight into the historical efficacy of remdesivir can offer valuable data for
evaluating the advancement of COVID-19 treatments and the development of medical expertise in
handling the disease.

Method:

The historical data regarding the effectiveness of remdesivir can enrich the pool of
knowledge and evidence accessible for public health planning and decision-making. Understanding
whether remdesivir was efficacious in previous instances may aid in comprehending its real-world
impact on patient outcomes at those times. Such insights are crucial for evaluating treatment efficacy
and refining strategies based on past experiences.

Results:

In the late treatment of severe COVID-19 cases, which are particularly challenging,
remdesivir has demonstrated a 6% improvement.

Conclusion:

The 6% enhanced effect of remdesivir is not substantial, considering that it is an unweighted
average of works with varying degrees of importance and reliability. Additionally, there
are instances where conflicts of interest may have impacted the results. It is also possible that the
observed improvement could be attributed to better patient care in certain environments.
Comprehensive Allopathic Treatment and Retrospective Ayurvedic Regime
Post-snake Bite from Southern Russell’s Viper (Daboia russelii) for Wound
Healing and Joint Stiffness - A Case Report
Authors: Ramanna Kumar Jajur , Prasad Nagalambika , Hamse Vivek Kameshwar , Kullanakoppalu Lokesh Chandan , Balan Gurumurthy , Dugganaboyana Guru Kumar , Abdurahman Syed , Nagaraju Kumar Kiran Mudnakudu , Chikkamandagere Kumar Anusha , Fathima Noor , Venkatesh Chandavi
Published: May 2024

Background:

In India and other tropical nations, snake bites are a serious public health issue that anti-snake venom may effectively treat.

Case Presentation:

The case report described here details the antivenom received to neutralize the toxins present in Russell’s viper venom, followed by Ayurveda treatment to remove the surgical wound and reduce joint stiffness by applying Ayurvedic paste prepared by Laportea aestuans (L.). The leaves, garlic, pepper, and lemon juice mixture was applied to the affected area twice daily for 10 days. Another thin paste consisting of Laportea aestuans (L.) leaves, Centella asiatica (L.), garlic, pepper, and lemon juice was applied every 30 minutes for 10 days. A dried medicated paste was prepared by heating coconut oil and dried neem tree peel and applied to the wound. The patient was also given a decoction of Randia dumetorum (Retz.) Poir nut extracted with milk to flush out the venom.

Conclusion:

The present results suggest combining conventional allopathic treatment to heal the surgical wound and Ayurvedic treatments to manage the symptoms of a juvenile Russell's viper bite as effective.
MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN INKLUSI ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI SDIT TUNAS HARAPAN ILAHI
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Sumiyati Sumiyati , Wariyah Wariyah , Kopriyanti Kopriyanti
Published: May 2024

The study aims to reveal how planning, organization, guidance, and supervision in the implementation of inclusive education for special needs students at SDIT THI are carried out. The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques such as interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the research show that: (1) The planning process begins at the first meeting of the school year, where the syllabus and lesson plans are created by the class teachers and subject teachers, while the PPI is created by teachers of students with special needs under the guidance and supervision of the coordinator of inclusive education. (2) The organization involves the school principal, vice principal, coordinator of inclusion, class teacher, and special education teacher. The school also works closely with a regular education consultant on a regular basis. (3) The implementation of the KBM for inclusive education uses a regular classroom model with pull-out. The teaching materials are the same as those for regular students but are flexible and modified according to the ability and needs of the students. (4) The supervision by the school principal is carried out directly when the special needs students are engaged in activities and is done regularly through the checking of PPI (Progress Implementation Plan) documents.
ANALYSIS OF AFLATOXIN B1, B2, G1, G2 LEVELS IN FRIED ONIONS PRODUCED IN PALU USING HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC) METHOD
Authors:   Universitas Terbuka, Warmadewi Putu Ayu , Utama Qabul Dinanta ,   Universitas Mataram
Published: May 2024

Aflatoxin, produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus paraciticus, commonly contaminates agricultural and processed products. This study aims to analyze aflatoxin levels in fried onions produced in Palu through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an immunoaffinity column an a fluorescent detector at an excitation wavelength of 360 nm and an emission wavelength of 440 nm. The standard working chromatogram of aflatoxin gave a peak response at retention times of 28.618 minutes for aflatoxin B1, 21.985 minutes for aflatoxin B2, 17.625 minutes for aflatoxinn G1, and 13.719 minutes for aflatoxin G2. The limit of detection (LOD) values for each standard were : aflatoxin B1 : 0.2607 ng/ml; aflatoxin B2 : 0.0600 ng/ml; aflatoxin G1 : 0.1986 ng/ml; and aflatoxin G2 : 0.0310 ng/ml. The chromatogram results of the 10 fried onion samples analyzed showed no peak response with the same retention time as the standard aflatoxin retention time, so that the 10 samples can be concluded as meet requirements.
Doelgericht ontwormen op basis van mestonderzoek
Authors: Claerebout E. , Geldhof P.
Published: May 2024

Worminfecties zijn nog steeds een van de meest voorkomende infectieziekten bij dieren. Traditioneel worden deze infecties onder controle gehouden door het gebruik van anthelminthica. Er is een breed assortiment ontwormingsmiddelen op de markt beschikbaar waarmee dieren in veel gevallen routinematig worden ontwormd.
Liveworksheet Interactive E-Module Effect on Equal Fractions Comprehension at 4th Grade Elementary School
Authors: Firdaus Fery Muhamad , Fadhilah Nur , Wuryandari Indriana Trisoma , Fadhli Rahmat
Published: May 2024

This study seeks to investigate the impact of utilizing the liveworksheet interactive e-module on the comprehension of equal fractions among fourth-grade pupils. This study employed a quantitative methodology, utilizing a quasi-experimental design. The research design employed is a posttest control only-control group design. The sample size for this study consisted of 26 children who were in the 4th grade at SDN 2 Kejambon. The investigation employed a simple random sampling technique. The instrument comprised six descriptive questions. The data analysis was conducted using a T-test as a prerequisite test, including normality and homogeneity tests, with the assistance of SPSS software. The results obtained from the T-test analysis include a t-value of 2.311 and a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.030, which is less than 0.05. The results obtained from the T-test investigation include a t-value of 2.311 and a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.030, which is less than 0.05. The liveworksheet interactive e-module was found to have an impact on the comprehension of the Equal fraction idea. Subsequently, invalid hypothesis (H0) that is “There is no significant difference in 4th grade student mathematic comprehension, both liveworksheet interactive e-module and video-based learning.”, rejected. Whereas the first hypothesis (H1), that stated “There is significant difference in 4th grade student’s mathematic comprehension, between liveworksheet interactive e-module and video-based learning”, considered as valid.
Elementary Teacher Leadership of Pioneer Teacher Program Alumnae in Yogyakarta City
Authors: Brilatin Ares , Wibowo Setiawan Edi
Published: May 2024

This research examines the leadership of Pioneer Teacher Program (Guru Penggerak) graduates at the primary school level in Yogyakarta City. It is a descriptive qualitative research. This research applies educational sociology approach, particularly the role of teachers. Data was collected from interviews and literature reviews. The data analysis is based on the theory of teachers as leaders by Frank Crowther (1997). The results of this research: first, GP graduates of the Pioneer Teacher Program have successfully improved their quality and professionalism in the leadership. This improvement is manifested in proactive involvement in various leadership activities. Second, the Self-Efficacy of Prioneer Teacher is not prevalent. Some GP members face personal and casuistic issues, where their lack of confidence emerges when faced with strategic leadership positions, such as being a school principal. The research findings controvert the common narrative that the Pioneer Teacher Program produces successful teachers without any obstacles. These findings serve as a recommendation for the future Pioneer Taecher Program to emphasize and pay more attention to the self-confidence of its graduates in strategic leadership positions within their respective institutions.
A Literature Review of Language Characteristics in Patients with Vascular Dementia
Authors: Kwon Su Min , Lee Han Sol , Yoon Ji Hye
Published: May 2024

Vascular dementia may present with language disorders due to damage to frontal subcortical circuits. This study aimed to review recent studies of language abilities in patients with vascular dementia. Sixty-nine studies were classified according to language modalities (spontaneous speech, auditory comprehension, repetition and naming). First, spontaneous speech was impaired in the ability to describe pictures, objects and in the ability to convey information in discourse. Second, the auditory comprehension was impaired in word comprehension, sentence comprehension, paragraph comprehension, and speech act comprehension tasks. Third, repetition was preserved in word-level tasks but impaired at the sentence level. Fourth, the naming performance was impaired in a generative naming task (phonemic fluency) rather than in a confrontational naming task. Therefore, when summarizing the results between patient groups, in spontaneous speech, to convey information through highly informative utterances was relatively good in vascular dementia (VaD), but the number of utterances was lower than dementia of Alzheimer’s type (DAT). In auditory comprehension, VaD’s performance was good in the task of word comprehension and speech act comprehension tasks. It is organized as in repetition, VaD’s performance was relatively good in the sentence-level task, and in naming, VaD’s performance was reported to be better than DAT in the oppositional naming and generative naming semantic category tasks. In the generative naming phoneme category, opposite result was reported. Further studies on the language abilities of patients with vascular dementia needs to consider factors such as subtype and language modality. Future studies should be evenly distributed across all language domains.
Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Communication Acceptance Scale Questionnaire
Authors: Yang Jung Suk , Oh Soo Hee
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop the Korean version of the Communication and Acceptance Scale (KCAS) and to examine its validity and reliability.Methods: The 18 items of the Communication and Acceptance Scale questionnaire were translated into Korean following the steps of forward translation, expert panel review, back-translation, pre-testing, cognitive interviewing, and final version refinement. For the test-retest evaluation of the KCAS, 39 adults with hearing loss participated. Concurrent validity was also assessed by evaluating the Korean Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (KHHIE).Results: The KCAS was constructed with a total of 16 question items after excluding 2 items (2 and 18) that failed reliability tests. Cronbach’s α for all 16 items was 0.89, and the Wilcoxon-Signed rank test indicated test-retest reliability. A significant negative correlation (rho = -0.77) was observed between KCAS and KHHIE.Conclusion: The KCAS questionnaire has been demonstrated to be a reliable and valid tool. It is also useful for assessing communication difficulties and the utilization of communication strategies among the hearing impaired.
Prediction of Hearing Help Seeking to Design a Recommendation Module of an mHealth Hearing App: Intensive Longitudinal Study of Feature Importance Assessment
Authors: Angonese Giulia , Buhl Mareike , Kuhlmann Inka , Kollmeier Birger , Hildebrandt Andrea
Published: May 2024

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) solutions can improve the quality, accessibility, and equity of health services, fostering early rehabilitation. For individuals with hearing loss, mHealth apps might be designed to support the decision-making processes in auditory diagnostics and provide treatment recommendations to the user (eg, hearing aid need). For some individuals, such an mHealth app might be the first contact with a hearing diagnostic service and should motivate users with hearing loss to seek professional help in a targeted manner. However, personalizing treatment recommendations is only possible by knowing the individual’s profile regarding the outcome of interest.

Objective

This study aims to characterize individuals who are more or less prone to seeking professional help after the repeated use of an app-based hearing test. The goal was to derive relevant hearing-related traits and personality characteristics for personalized treatment recommendations for users of mHealth hearing solutions.

Methods

In total, 185 (n=106, 57.3% female) nonaided older individuals (mean age 63.8, SD 6.6 y) with subjective hearing loss participated in a mobile study. We collected cross-sectional and longitudinal data on a comprehensive set of 83 hearing-related and psychological measures among those previously found to predict hearing help seeking. Readiness to seek help was assessed as the outcome variable at study end and after 2 months. Participants were classified into help seekers and nonseekers using several supervised machine learning algorithms (random forest, naïve Bayes, and support vector machine). The most relevant features for prediction were identified using feature importance analysis.

Results

The algorithms correctly predicted action to seek help at study end in 65.9% (122/185) to 70.3% (130/185) of cases, reaching 74.8% (98/131) classification accuracy at follow-up. Among the most important features for classification beyond hearing performance were the perceived consequences of hearing loss in daily life, attitude toward hearing aids, motivation to seek help, physical health, sensory sensitivity personality trait, neuroticism, and income.

Conclusions

This study contributes to the identification of individual characteristics that predict help seeking in older individuals with self-reported hearing loss. Suggestions are made for their implementation in an individual-profiling algorithm and for deriving targeted recommendations in mHealth hearing apps.
Consolidated Reporting Guidelines for Prognostic and Diagnostic Machine Learning Models (CREMLS)
Authors: El Emam Khaled , Leung Tiffany I , Malin Bradley , Klement William , Eysenbach Gunther
Published: May 2024

The number of papers presenting machine learning (ML) models that are being submitted to and published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research and other JMIR Publications journals has steadily increased. Editors and peer reviewers involved in the review process for such manuscripts often go through multiple review cycles to enhance the quality and completeness of reporting. The use of reporting guidelines or checklists can help ensure consistency in the quality of submitted (and published) scientific manuscripts and, for example, avoid instances of missing information. In this Editorial, the editors of JMIR Publications journals discuss the general JMIR Publications policy regarding authors’ application of reporting guidelines and specifically focus on the reporting of ML studies in JMIR Publications journals, using the Consolidated Reporting of Machine Learning Studies (CREMLS) guidelines, with an example of how authors and other journals could use the CREMLS checklist to ensure transparency and rigor in reporting.
Use of Transdermal Alcohol Sensors in Conjunction With Contingency Management to Reduce Alcohol Consumption in People With Alcohol Dependence Attending Alcohol Treatment Services: Protocol for a Pilot Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Brobbin Eileen , Deluca Paolo , Parkin Stephen , Drummond Colin
Published: May 2024

Background

Wearable technology for objective, continuous, and reliable alcohol monitoring has been developed. These are known as transdermal alcohol sensors (TASs). They can be worn on the wrist or ankle with the sensor pressed against the skin and can measure sweat vapors being emitted from the skin, to record transdermal alcohol concentration (TAC). Previous studies have investigated the accuracy and acceptability of the available TAS brands, but there has been little research into their use in people with alcohol use disorders (AUD).

Objective

This feasibility randomized controlled trial aims to explore the feasibility, strengths, and limitations of using a TAS to monitor alcohol consumption in individuals in treatment for AUD with or without contingency management (CM) to promote abstinence or low-level alcohol consumption.

Methods

The target sample size is 30 (15 randomized to each group). Participants will be recruited through poster adverts at alcohol services. Both groups (control and CM) will wear the TAS (BACtrack Skyn) for 2 weeks in the context of their usual treatment, meeting with the researcher every other weekday. In the last meeting, the participants will complete a postwear survey on their experience of wearing the TAS. The CM group will also receive small financial incentives for low or no alcohol consumption, as measured by the TAS. On days where the TAC peak is below a set threshold (<115.660 g/L), CM group participants will be rewarded with a £5 (US $6.38) voucher. There are financial bonuses if this target is achieved on consecutive days. The researcher will monitor TAC for each day of the study at each research visit and allocate financial incentives to participants according to a set reinforcement schedule.

Results

The first participant was enrolled in June 2023, and the last in December 2023. Data analysis is underway and is estimated to be completed by June 2024. A total of 32 participants were enrolled.

Conclusions

Most TAS brands have had limited application in clinical settings, and most studies have included healthy adults rather than people with AUD. TAS has the potential to enhance treatment outcomes in clinical alcohol treatment. The accuracy, acceptability, and feasibility of TAS for people with AUD in clinical settings need to be investigated. This is the first study to use TAS in specialized alcohol services with diagnosed AUD individuals currently receiving treatment from a south London alcohol service.

Trial Registration

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN46845361; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN46845361

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/57653
Association of the Type of Public Pension With Mental Health Among South Korean Older Adults: Longitudinal Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Seung Hoon , Kim Hyunkyu , Jeong Sung Hoon , Park Eun-Cheol
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

As income and health are closely related, retirement is considered undesirable for health. Many studies have shown the association between pension and health, but no research has considered the association between contribution-based public pensions or their types and health.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigates the association between the type of contributory public pension and depressive symptoms among older adults.

METHODS

We analyzed the data of 4541 older adults who participated in the South Korea Welfare Panel Study (2014-2020). Depressive symptoms were measured using the 11-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Public pensions in South Korea are classified into specific corporate pensions and national pensions. For subgroup analyses, pensioners were categorized according to the amount of pension received and the proportion of public pension over gross income. Analyses using generalized estimating equations were conducted for longitudinal data.

RESULTS

Individuals receiving public pension, regardless of the pension type, demonstrated significantly decreased depressive symptoms (national pension: β=–.734; P<.001; specific corporate pension: β=–.775; P=.02). For both pension types, the higher the amount of benefits, the lower were the depression scores. However, this association was absent for those who received the smaller amount among the specific corporate pensioners. In low-income households, the decrease in the depressive symptoms based on the amount of public pension benefits was greater (fourth quartile of national pension: β=–1.472; P<.001; second and third quartiles of specific corporate pension: β=–3.646; P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study shows that contributory public pension is significantly associated with lower depressive symptoms, and this association is prominent in low-income households. Thus, contributory public pensions may be good income sources for improving the mental health of older adults after retirement.
Experiences of Women With Medical Abortion Care Reflected in Social Media (VEILLE Study): Noninterventional Retrospective Exploratory Infodemiology Study (Preprint)
Authors: Gouy Giulia , Attali Luisa , Voillot Paméla , Fournet Patrick , Agostini Aubert
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Abortion (also known as termination of pregnancy) is an essential element of women’s reproductive health care. Feedback from women who underwent medical termination of pregnancy about their experience is crucial to help practitioners identify women’s needs and develop necessary tools to improve the abortion care process. However, the collection of this feedback is quite challenging. Social media offer anonymity for women who share their abortion experience.

OBJECTIVE

This exploratory infodemiology study aimed to analyze, through French social media posts, personal medical symptoms and the different experiences and information dynamics associated with the medical abortion process.

METHODS

A retrospective study was performed by analyzing posts geolocated in France and published from January 1, 2017, to November 30, 2021. Posts were extracted from all French-language general and specialized publicly available web forums using specific keywords. Extracted messages were cleaned and pseudonymized. Automatic natural language processing methods were used to identify posts from women having experienced medical abortion. Biterm topic modeling was used to identify the main discussion themes and the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities was used to identify medical terms. Encountered difficulties were explored using qualitative research methods until the saturation of concepts was reached.

RESULTS

Analysis of 5398 identified posts (3409 users) led to the identification of 9 major topics: personal experience (n=2413 posts, 44.7%), community support (n=1058, 19.6%), pain and bleeding (n=797, 14.8%), psychological experience (n=760, 14.1%), questioned efficacy (n=410, 7.6%), social pressure (n=373, 6.9%), positive experiences (n=257, 4.8%), menstrual cycle disorders (n=107, 2%), and reported inefficacy (n=104, 1.9%). Pain, which was mentioned in 1627 (30.1%) of the 5398 posts by 1024 (30.0%) of the 3409 users, was the most frequently reported medical term. Pain was considered severe to unbearable in 24.5% of the cases (399 of the 1627 posts). Lack of information was the most frequently reported difficulty during and after the process.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that French women used social media to share their experiences, offer and find support, and provide and receive information regarding medical abortion. Infodemiology appears to be a useful tool to obtain women’s feedback, therefore offering the opportunity to enhance care in women undergoing medical abortion.