bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two‐Positron‐bonded Dihalides: Ps2XY (X, Y=F, Cl, Br)
Authors: Archila‐Peña David , Moncada Felix , Charry Jorge , do N. Varella Marcio T. , Flores‐Moreno Roberto , Torres F. Javier , Reyes Andrés
Published: September 2024

This study explores the energetic stability and physical properties of
complexes formed by two halide anions (X−, Y−=F−, X−, Br−), and two positrons (Ps: positron‐electron pair). We combine electronic coupled cluster (CCSD(T)) calculations with positronic multicomponent renormalized partial third‐order propagator (MC‐REN‐PP3) calculations to effectively recover correlation energies. Analysis of potential energy curves confirms the energetic stability of these positronic molecules, with optimized structures identified as global minima. Further investigation of electron and positron densities reveals stabilization owing to the formation of two‐positron bonds. The global stability of the
complexes contrasts with the metastable two‐positron‐bonded (PsH)2, which energetically favors the emission of Ps2. Comparative analysis of one‐ and two‐positron dihalides indicates that the addition of a positron to PsXY− generally results in shorter bond distances, higher force constants, and lower dissociation energies, with exceptions due to differences in positron affinities of PsXY− and Y−. We explore the analogy between two‐positron‐bonded dihalide systems
and two‐electron‐bonded dialkali molecules AB, (A, B=Na, K, Rb). The bonding properties in two‐positron dihalides and their electronic dialkali analogs are comparable, displaying identical periodic trends. However, compared to their isoelectronic AB counterparts, the positron bonds in
have shorter bond lengths, higher force constants, and higher bond energies.
A Visible‐Light‐Responsive Fluorescent Diarylethene Having a Betaine Structure
Authors: Nishimura Ryo , Kaisho Naoki , Morimoto Masakazu
Published: September 2024

As a new molecular scaffold of photoswitchable fluorophore, we developed a photochromic diarylethene containing a betaine structure based on pyridinium N‐enolate. A facile reaction of a pyridyl‐substituted dithienylperfluorocyclopentene derivative with octafluorocyclopentene constructed the betaine structure. The introduction of the betaine moiety provided the diarylethene molecule with bathochromically shifted optical absorption and fluorescing ability, thus enabling the molecule to function as a visible‐light‐responsive turn‐off mode photoswitchable fluorophore. The molecule in the open‐ring form emitted bright bluish green fluorescence. Upon irradiation with 405 nm light, the molecule underwent cyclization isomerization to form the closed‐ring isomer and the fluorescence intensity significantly decreased. The turn‐off mode fluorescence photoswitching was observed not only in solution but also in polymer films.
Aufbereitung von verbrauchten ätzenden Laugen
Authors: Walz Sandra
Published: September 2024

Abwasser aus der Ethylenproduktion in der chemischen und petrochemischen Industrie sowie in Erdölraffinerien enthält gefährliche Schadstoffe wie Sulfide und Mercaptane, die herkömmlichen Aufbereitungsmethoden widerstehen. Daher nutzen Chemieunternehmen die Wet Air Oxidation (WAO), die durch hohe Temperaturen und Druck diese Verbindungen oxidiert und das Abwasser für eine biologische Aufbereitung vorbereitet. Das von der 3V Group entwickelte Verfahren TOP – Wet Air Oxidation reduziert den chemischen Sauerstoffbedarf (CSB) um bis zu 99 %.
Study of Sterically Crowded Alkanes: Assessment of Non‐Empirical Density Functionals Including Double‐Hybrid (Cost‐Effective) Methods
Authors: Maiz‐Pastor P. , Brémond E. , Pérez‐Jiménez A. J. , Adamo C. , Sancho‐García J. C.
Published: September 2024

We theoretically study here the homolytic dissociation reactions of sterically crowded alkanes of increasing size, carrying three different (bulky) substituents such as tert‐butyl, adamantyl, and [1.1.1]propellanyl, employing a family of parameter‐free functionals ranging from semi‐local, to hybrid and double‐hybrid models. The study is complemented with the interaction between a pair of HC(CH3)3 molecules at repulsive and attractive regions, as an example of a system composed by a pair of weakly bound sterically crowded alkanes. We also assessed the effect of incorporating reliable dispersion corrections (i. e., D4 or NL) for all the functionals assessed, as well as the use of a tailored basis set (DH‐SVPD) for non‐covalent interactions, which provides the best trade‐off between accuracy and computational cost for a seemingly extended applications to branched or crowded systems. Overall, the PBE‐QIDH/DH‐SVPD and r2SCAN‐QIDH/DH‐SVPD methods represent an excellent compromise providing relatively low, and thus very competitive, errors at a fraction of the cost of other quantum‐chemical methods in use.
Implementing sustainability: What role do knowledge management and management accounting play? Agenda for environmentally friendly businesses
Authors: Broccardo Laura , Giordino Daniele , Yaqub Muhammad Zafar , Alshibani Safiya Mukhtar
Published: September 2024

The present article investigates the literary corpus on knowledge management (KM), management accounting and control (MAC) systems, and sustainability implementation. The adopted method is a systematic literature review (SLR) analysis on articles listed on Scopus and Web of Science (WoS). The authors followed a rigorous research protocol that led to a final sample composed of 61 academic articles. This body of work: (i) profiles the selected articles underscoring journals productivity, geographical scope, methodological approach, and the most cited manuscripts; (ii) identifies and classifies the six main thematic clusters detailed as: corporate social responsibility, sustainability reporting, sustainable supply chain management, human resource management, green innovation, and universities as knowledge rich organizations; (iii) allows for the proposition of a conceptual framework; and (iv) helps establish existing research gaps. The present body of work carries both theoretical and practical implications, as well as limitations associated with its methodological approach and scope.
Unlocking Lignin′s Potential: Engineered Bacterial Laccases to Produce Biologically Active Molecules
Authors: Brissos Vânia , Rénio Márcia , Lejmel Magdalena A. , Estevinho Ricardo , Robalo M. Paula , Ventura M. Rita , Martins Lígia O.
Published: September 2024

Laccases are biocatalysts with immense potential in lignocellulose biorefineries to valorize emerging lignin monomers for sustainable chemicals. Despite reduced costs over the past two decades, enzymes remain a major expense in biorefining. Protein engineering can enhance enzyme properties and lower costs further. In this study, we used enzyme engineering tools to improve >400‐fold the catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of a hyperthermostable bacterial laccase for 2,6‐dimethoxyphenol, a lignin‐related phenolic compound. Furthermore, this evolved variant showed improved activity at neutral to alkaline pH for hydroxycinnamyl alcohols, hydrocinnamic acids, phenylpropanoid and vanillyl derivatives. We optimized conditions for the synthesis of syringaresinol, dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol, thomasidioic acid, biseugenol, dehydrodiisoeugenol, and diapocynin, detailing the pH, catalyst concentration, reaction time, temperature, and oxygenation of the reaction mixtures. Our biocatalytic system offers several advantages, including being free of organic solvents, achieving faster reaction times, using lower amounts of enzymes and delivering excellent yields (up to 100 %) than reported methods. Additionally, we provide insights that advance the state‐of‐the‐art in lignin combinatory chemistry. This progress marks a significant step forward in valorizing the lignin chemicals platform, enabling high yields of dimeric compounds with structural scaffolds that can be exploited in various biotechnological areas, such as medicinal chemistry and polymer synthesis.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of 2‐Furoic Acid and 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid from Furfural
Authors: Zhang Yahui , Cui Haowen , Xia Haian
Published: September 2024

2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is an important organic platform compound that has been widely used in the fields of medicine, pesticides, dyes, plastics and resins due to its unique structure and properties. In recent years, with the emphasis on sustainable development and green chemistry, the synthesis of FDCA from biomass has attracted extensive attention. The catalytic conversion of furfural (FF) to FDCA has the advantages of easy availability of the raw material, environmental friendliness, economic feasibility and so on, which is an important direction for FDCA synthesis in the future. This paper mainly reviews the prepare pathways of furoic acid (FA) and FDCA using FF as a starting material, including the selective conversion of FF and FA to target products under different types of catalysts. First, the research progress in the synthesis of FA from FF was summarized, and then the advances in the catalytic conversion of FA to FDCA was reviewed. In addition, the development of efficient and green catalysts and the optimization of existing synthesis protocols are emphasized as key factors to improve the yield and purity of FDCA while reducing production costs. Finally, the opportunities and challenges were discussed.
Effect of (r, q) Distribution on Ion Acoustic Waves in a Negative‐Ion Plasma With Application to Earth's Ionosphere
Authors: Li Zhong‐Zheng , Xie Li‐Qiang , Liang Sheng‐De , Gao Dong‐Ning
Published: September 2024

Ion acoustic waves (IAWs) are theoretically researched in a negative ion plasma (NIP) with warm light ions, cold heavy ions, and distributed electrons. The reductive perturbation method (RPM) is used to simplify two‐fluid plasma equations and the relevant ZK equation and solitary solution of IAWs are derived. Small‐k expansion method is applied to obtained the instability growth rate of IAWs. The flatness and tail parameters modify the amplitude, width, soliton energy, and instability growth rate. It is noted that the increscent flatness and tail parameters result in the increasing amplitude, width, and soliton energy. Increasing flatness and tail parameters lead to the decreasing growth rate. These results will be helpful in understanding the plasma dynamics for NIP system containing distributed electrons in Earth's ionosphere.
Heart failure in Europe: Guideline‐directed medical therapy use and decision making in chronic and acute, pre‐existing and de novo, heart failure with reduced, mildly reduced, and preserved ejection fraction – the ESC EORP Heart Failure III Registry
Authors: Lund Lars H. , Crespo‐Leiro Maria Generosa , Laroche Cécile , Zaliaduonyte Diana , Saad Aly M. , Fonseca Candida , Čelutkienė Jelena , Zdravkovic Marija , Bielecka‐Dabrowa Agata M. , Agostoni Piergiuseppe , Xuereb Robert G. , Neronova Kseniya V. , Lelonek Malgorzata , Cavusoglu Yuksel , Gellen Barnabas , Abdelhamid Magdy , Hammoudi Naima , Anker Stefan D. , Chioncel Ovidiu , Filippatos Gerasimos , Lainscak Mitja , McDonagh Theresa A. , Mebazaa Alexandre , Piepoli Massimo , Ruschitzka Frank , Seferović Petar M. , Savarese Gianluigi , Metra Marco , Rosano Giuseppe M.C. , Maggioni Aldo P. ,   for the ESC EORP HF III National Leaders and Investigators
Published: September 2024

Aims

We analysed baseline characteristics and guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) use and decisions in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Heart Failure (HF) III Registry.

Methods and results

Between 1 November 2018 and 31 December 2020, 10 162 patients with acute HF (AHF, 39%, age 70 [62–79], 36% women) or outpatient visit for HF (61%, age 66 [58–75], 33% women), with HF with reduced (HFrEF, 57%), mildly reduced (HFmrEF, 17%) or preserved (HFpEF, 26%) ejection fraction were enrolled from 220 centres in 41 European or ESC‐affiliated countries. With AHF, 97% were hospitalized, 2.2% received intravenous treatment in the emergency department, and 0.9% received intravenous treatment in an outpatient clinic. AHF was seen by most by a general cardiologist (51%) and outpatient HF most by a HF specialist (48%). A majority had been hospitalized for HF before, but 26% of AHF and 6.1% of outpatient HF had de novo HF. Baseline use, initiation and discontinuation of GDMT varied according to AHF versus outpatient HF, de novo versus pre‐existing HF, and by ejection fraction. After the AHF event or outpatient HF visit, use of any renin–angiotensin system inhibitor, angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor, beta‐blocker, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist and loop diuretics was 89%, 29%, 92%, 78%, and 85% in HFrEF; 89%, 9.7%, 90%, 64%, and 81% in HFmrEF; and 77%, 3.1%, 80%, 48%, and 80% in HFpEF.

Conclusion

Use and initiation of GDMT was high in cardiology centres in Europe, compared to previous reports from cohorts and registries including more primary care and general medicine and regions more local or outside of Europe and ESC‐affiliated countries.
Three Metal Complex‐Decorated Halobismuthates: Syntheses, Structures, Semiconducting Behaviors and Theoretical Investigations
Authors: Xie Shu‐Yue , Li Bao‐Han , Li Jia‐Qi , Dong Jiu‐Jiang , Ren Xiao‐Chen , Zhang Bo , Li Jun , Huang Xiao‐Ying
Published: September 2024

Employing metal complex cations as the structural modifiers, three new numbers of hybrid halobismuthates family, namely [NH4][Co(phen)3]BiI6 (phen=1,10‐phenanthroline; 1), [Zn(phen)2Br][Bi(phen)Br4] ⋅ H2O (2) and [Cu(2,2′‐bipy)2Br][Cu(2,2′‐bipy)2Bi2Br9] ⋅ H2O (2,2′‐bipy=2,2′‐bipyridine; 3) have been solvothermally constructed and structurally characterized. X‐ray crystallography analyses show that all compounds characteristic of abundant weak interactions feature the discrete anionic motifs. The obtained hybrid materials possess the semiconducting nature, with the visible light responding optical band gaps of 2.13–2.71 eV. Under the alternating light irradiation, they exhibit excellent photoelectric switching properties, whose photocurrent densities (0.85, 0.24, and 0.43 μA/cm2 for compounds 1–3, respectively) compare well with some high‐performance halobismuthate competitors. Further theoretical calculations of compound 1 reveal that the photosensitive [Co(phen)3]2+ cations contribute greatly to the bottom of conduction bands (CBs) and the top of valence bands (VBs), which may be the important reason for its excellent photoelectric behavior. The analyses of Hirshfeld surface, thermal stability, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy were also discussed detailedly in this paper.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Haloaryl N‐Substituted Sugar Derivatives
Authors: Rengel Natividad Bejarano , Esteche Juliana , Echeverría Gustavo A. , Piro Oscar E. , Santiago Cintia C. , Ponzinibbio Agustín
Published: September 2024

We present here the efficient preparation of 6‐N‐haloaryl‐galactosides through a reductive amination process. A complete set of 6‐deoxy‐1,2;3,4‐di‐O‐isopropylidene‐6‐N‐phenylamino‐α‐D‐galactopyranosides were obtained with a straightforward method. The products were structurally analyzed by X‐ray diffraction techniques and NMR spectroscopic data. A complete investigation of the galactosyl derivatives is described, including an unexpected N,N'‐diphenylamino by‐product. Moreover, relevant conformational aspects in solution and in the solid state are identified and discussed.
Comparative prognosis analysis of ovarian squamous cell carcinoma versus serous carcinoma: Insights from the SEER database
Authors: Nie Xianglin , Xu Ting , Cheng Wenjun
Published: September 2024

Objective

The aim of this study was to identify survival rates and potential prognostic factors of ovarian squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), offering valuable insights for clinical decision making.

Methods

Leveraging the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we selected 11 078 serous carcinoma (SC) patients and 198 OSCC patients based on predetermined criteria diagnosed from 2000 to 2020. We compared the overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) before and after propensity score matching (PSM) in two groups. Prognostic differences were also compared between OSCC and SC groups at different stages. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate the impact of clinical and pathologic variables on the survival of patients with OSCC. Finally, we developed and validated a nomogram predictive model.

Results

OSCC tumors exhibited distinct characteristics, being relatively larger, more frequently unilateral, and better differentiated than SC tumors. After PSM, Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed significantly lower survival rates for OSCC patients in Stages IIB–IV, while Stages IA–IC displayed comparable survival. Independent risk factors for OSCC patients included advanced age, single marital status, higher tumor stage, and increased tumor size. Conversely, higher median household income and chemotherapy emerged as independent protective factors. Our predictive model and nomogram accurately forecasted patient survival rates in both SEER and internal validation datasets.

Conclusion

OSCC patients face significantly poorer prognosis than their SC counterparts, except in the very early stages. Higher median household income was associated with better OSCC survival.
Ultrasonographic assessment of the fetal heart in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: Pulsed wave Doppler, M‐mode, and tissue Doppler imaging prospective study
Authors: Agaoglu Zahid , Tanacan Atakan , Toptas Gulnihal Reyhan , Akgun Aktas Betul , Gulen Yildiz Esra , Kara Ozgur , Sahin Dilek
Published: September 2024

Objectives

To investigate the fetal heart using pulsed wave Doppler, M‐mode, and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in cases of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).

Methods

This prospective study was conducted at a single tertiary center and included 35 patients with ICP and 70 healthy pregnant women at 28–36 weeks of pregnancy. Among the patients with ICP, 26 had serum bile acid (SBA) levels less than 40 μmol/L and nine had SBA levels of 40 μmol/L or greater. Pulsed wave Doppler, M‐mode, and TDI evaluations were performed on the patients to assess fetal cardiac function.

Results

The ICP group exhibited significantly higher myocardial performance index (MPI) and isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT), but similar isovolumetric contraction time (ICT). The tricuspid and mitral valve E, A, and E/A ratios were significantly reduced in the ICP group. The TDI parameters showed significantly reduced tricuspid and mitral valve E′/A′ ratios in the ICP group compared with the control group (P < 0.001). The E/E′ ratio was significantly increased in the ICP group (P < 0.001). According to the M‐mode Doppler findings, tricuspid and mitral annular plane systolic excursion values were significantly decreased in the ICP group (P = 0.005 and P = 0.001, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, MPI and IRT were significantly higher in the severe ICP group.

Conclusion

ICP might induce changes in the fetal heart during the early systolic and diastolic phases. The detection of these early changes using M‐mode and TDI during the antenatal period can provide valuable insights into the condition of the fetus.
When the microbiome meets One Health principle: Leading to the Holy Grail of biology and contributing to overall well‐being and social sustainability
Authors: Zhou Yazhou , Xu Ziying , Zhang Huan , Liu Teng , Zhou Jin , Bi Yujing , Han Yanping , Tan Yafang , Yuan Jing , Yang Ruifu
Published: September 2024

The convergence of microbiome science with the One Health principle heralds a transformative era in biology, prioritizing the collective well‐being of humans, animals, and the environment. This review delves into the intricate dance between microbiomes and their hosts, revealing their profound impact on health, nutrient cycles, and climate change. Championing a unified approach to health issues across diverse kingdoms of life, One Health emerges as a holistic strategy, underscored by a proposed universal balance theory, “Balance of Dynamic Factors.” This theory spotlights the equilibrium within microbial and human‐animal‐environment interactions, offering a revolutionary pathway to global health and social well‐being. It paves the way for disease prevention, health equity, and sustainability, all of which are purviews of a balanced ecological system. We navigate the challenges and opportunities of this integrative approach, culminating in a call for action for the incorporation of microbiome science into health policies, precision medicine, legislation, eco‐health projects, and education, thereby setting the stage for harmonious coexistence with our planet.
Millennials' identity in hospitality and tourism: A systematic review with qualitative framework synthesis
Authors: Papavasileiou Emmanouil F. , Stergiou Dimitrios
Published: September 2024

This study introduces framework synthesis as an encompassing orientation for drawing conclusions from evolving and/or complex topics in the practice of systematic reviews in hospitality and tourism (H&T). To illustrate this emerging approach, we use the topic of Millennials' identity in the H&T workplace, guided by the review question: How do Millennials perceive aspects of the H&T workplace? The search for relevant literature focused on peer‐reviewed English language articles and dissertations that included relevant qualitative data. The multisource search strategy in prior reviews, the Scopus database, and Google Scholar (04/01/2023) generated 480 records. Each record was independently screened for eligibility by the authors, and any disagreements were resolved through discussion and consensus. This process identified 20 eligible studies representing an international, multisector, and multidisciplinary stream of qualitative research published between 2005 and 2022. The included data were extracted in a thematic framework that synthesized Millennials' identity as cognitive, evaluative, and emotional perceptions of aspects of the H&T workplace. Intragenerational heterogeneity appears in some instances based on nationality and career stage, raising implications for practitioners. Given language limitations, we call for more systematic reviews that translate into non‐English publications to make this stream of research globally accessible to scholars.
Preparation of fern root resistant starch by pullulanase and glucoamylase combined with autoclaving‐enzymatic method: physicochemical properties and structural characterization
Authors: Huang Min , Li Li , Lei Guoqing , Qiu Ran , Wang Yi , Wu Jianhang , Zong Xuyan
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Fern root starch has a high percentage of amylose and has great potential for application in the field of slow‐digesting foods. Clarifying the effect of treatment conditions on fern root starch is key to achieving industrialized production of fern root resistant starch. In the present study, fern root starch was treated by the autoclave‐enzymatic method with pullulanase, glucoamylase and mixed enzyme.

RESULTS

The content of resistant starch in fern roots treated with mixed enzyme was the highest (24.07 ± 1.11%), which was approximately 320% times that of the native starch, had the best water‐holding capacity (151.08%), vital transparency and freeze–thaw stability. By contrast, the solubility, swelling and viscosity were lower than natural starch. In addition, mixed enzyme shows a denser structure, and the crystal form changes from C‐type to V‐type, with a high relative crystallinity and significantly enhanced thermal stability.

CONCLUSION

After mixed enzyme combined with autoclave treatment, the content of resistant starch in fern root was greatly increased. The modified starch molecules did not produce new functional groups, which made the crystal structure of starch molecules more compact, and resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis and high temperature thermal stability were significantly enhanced. This provides a positive reference for further in‐depth study of fern root starch, improvement of utilization value, development and innovation of new food health products, and diabetes treatment. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
A Systematic Review of Surgical and Pathological Outcomes in Patients With a CDH1 Mutation Undergoing Total Gastrectomy
Authors: Khiabany Atousa , Dermanis Alexander A. , Liew Mei Sien , Ong Kai Ren , Kamarajah Sivesh K. , Griffiths Ewen A.
Published: September 2024

Background

CDH1 (E‐cadherin) genetic mutations are associated with a 30%−70% increased lifetime risk of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). Although prophylactic total gastrectomy (PTG) reduces long‐term risk of gastric cancer, the associated morbidity and mortality remain unclear. This systematic review aims to characterise postoperative surgical outcomes in patients undergoing total gastrectomy.

Methods

A systematic literature search was performed for studies reporting endoscopic surveillance, surgical and pathological outcomes for patients with CDH1 mutation undergoing a total gastrectomy.

Results

Thirty‐nine studies included 1849 patients, of which 96% had a CDH1 (n = 1777) or CTNNA1 (n = 3) mutation. Endoscopy outcomes were reported for 1640 patients. Cancer foci were identified in 32% (n = 523/1640) and 71% of these patients went on to have a total gastrectomy (n = 369/523). The remaining 78% of patients did not have cancer foci detected on endoscopy (n = 1117/1640). Of these patients, 62% underwent a total gastrectomy (n = 688/1117) and 81% were found to have cancer on surgical histology (n = 556/688). Pathological staging was reported for 790 patients undergoing surgery, of which 68% had pT1 disease (n = 537). Postoperative complications were reported for 430 patients across 23 studies, with the most common complications being anastomotic strictures (25%), anastomotic leaks (13%), wound infections (12%) and pulmonary complications (11%). Only one postoperative death was reported within 30 days.

Conclusion

Rates of early cancers are high in CDH1 patients undergoing PTG, highlighting the need for improvement in reliable endoscopic surveillance. Although postoperative mortality in this surgical cohort remains low, high rates of postoperative complications warrant careful patient counselling.
Systematic Review of Robotic‐Assisted Peripheral and Central Lymphatic Surgery
Authors: Carlotta Imholz , Lisanne Grünherz , Nicole Lindenblatt
Published: September 2024

Background

Robotic‐assisted lymphatic reconstruction has gained increasing interest over the past few years.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the benefits of robotic‐assisted lymphatic surgery based on currently published literature.

Methods

A systematic review evaluating the feasibility, surgical aspects, and both objective and subjective improvements in patients with impairment of the peripheral or central lymphatic system was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. The review was registered on PROSPERO.

Results

The literature search yielded 328 articles after the removal of duplicates, followed by a full‐text review of the 29 articles, out of which a total of 11 relevant articles were deemed eligible. Among these, seven used a retrospective design and four a prospective design. All studies included confirmed the feasibility of robotic‐assisted lymphatic surgery and reported promising results concerning both technical aspects and patient‐related outcomes. However, currently, only a limited number of studies directly compare the robotic‐assisted approach to the manual approach, and these studies have limited statistical analyses.

Conclusion

Despite the heterogeneous measurands, all studies showed the feasibility of robotic‐assisted lymphatic surgery, and seven provided promising data on patient‐related outcomes. Additional studies are needed to further identify future directions in robotic‐assisted lymphatic surgery.
The analysis of e‐liquids: A study on chemical diversity and metal content using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Rantaša Matjaž , Majer David , Finšgar Matjaž
Published: September 2024

This work aimed to determine the chemical composition of 22 e‐liquids available on the Slovenian market. Four different gas chromatography (GC) sample introduction techniques; headspace‐GC‐mass spectrometry (HS‐GC‐MS), liquid injection‐GC‐MS (LI‐GC‐MS), HS‐solid‐phase microextraction‐GC‐MS (HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS), and direct‐immersion‐SPME‐GC‐MS (DI‐SPME‐GC‐MS) were employed for qualitative analysis. Various experimental parameters were assessed for each GC sample introduction technique to maximize compound identification. Despite e‐liquid packaging reporting a maximum of eight compounds, GC‐MS identified more compounds in most samples, especially in menthol‐flavored (58 identifiable compounds by HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS), followed by nicotine‐containing and fruit‐flavored samples. HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS identified the highest number of compounds, followed by HS‐GC‐MS, DI‐SPME‐GC‐MS, and LI‐GC‐MS. Nicotine quantification in six samples was performed by LI‐GC‐MS with dilution in methanol. Nicotine concentration in samples ranged from 16.5 ± 0.5 to 18.5 ± 0.4 mg/mL, which was below the declared concentration of 20 mg/mL. Additionally, quantitative analysis of metals in e‐liquids was performed by inductively coupled plasma‐MS after microwave‐assisted wet acid digestion. Iron was the most abundant metal, with its content ranging from 0.024 to 0.354 µg/g. Barium, bismuth, copper, and tin were also determined in several e‐liquids.
Multiscale Glass Fiber/Epoxy Nanocomposites Incorporated with Graphene and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Enhanced Mechanical Properties
Authors: Dev Barshan , Nipu Shah Ashiquzzaman , Rahman Md Ashikur , Mahmud Khondokar Raihan , Riyad Maksudur Rahman , Rahman Md Zillur
Published: September 2024

This study fabricates multiscale glass fiber/epoxy composites by incorporating graphene nanoparticles (GNPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to investigate the influences of NPs on the mechanical properties of composites. The composites are manufactured using the compression molding technique with different GNP contents (i.e., 0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt.%), whereas the contents of glass fibers and ZnO NPs remained the same at 40 and 4 wt.%, respectively. Their mechanical properties, chemical compositions, and fracture morphologies are then evaluated. It is found that the mechanical properties of composites improve significantly at a lower content (i.e., 0.5 wt.%) of GNPs and tend to decrease at higher contents (i.e., 1 and 1.5 wt.%). The composite is composed of 0.5 wt.% GNPs exhibit maximum tensile modulus and strength of 6.74 GPa and 230.25 MPa, and flexural modulus and strength of 16.43 GPa and 831.79 MPa, respectively, impact strength of 47.25 kJ m−2, and maximum hardness (97.96 Shore D), among all nanocomposites. Moreover, fracture morphologies reveal that composite failure is predominately caused by fiber breakage, fiber‐matrix debonding, voids, and GNP agglomeration. The outcomes of this study provide some insights to promote the application of manufactured multiscale composites in the aerospace, automotive, and marine industries.
From Angiosomal to Bi‐Angiosomal and Extra‐Angiosomal Pedicled Perforator Flaps: Optimizing the Use of Local Tissues in Abdominal Wall Reconstruction
Authors: Brunetti Beniamino , Morelli Coppola Marco , Petrucci Valeria , Pazzaglia Matteo , Camilloni Chiara , Putti Alessandra , Salzillo Rosa , Tenna Stefania , Cagli Barbara , Persichetti Paolo
Published: September 2024

Introduction

The use of free‐style and propeller perforator‐based flaps has been popularized for the reconstruction of moderate size defects in the trunk and extremities, while their application in the field of abdominal reconstruction is seldom reported. The purpose of this report is to describe the authors experience with the use of pedicled perforator‐based flaps in abdominal wall reconstruction, presenting the innovative concept of transition from angiosomal to bi‐angiosomal and extra‐angiosomal perforator flaps and showing applications of the different flap designs according to the multiple clinical scenarios.

Patients and Methods

A total of 15 patients underwent abdominal wall reconstruction with angiosomal, bi‐angiosomal, and extra‐angiosomal pedicled perforator‐based flaps harvested from the surrounding abdominal subunits for superficial or full thickness defects of the abdominal wall of moderate and large dimensions. The defects were consequent to soft‐tissue sarcomas (STS) and non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) resection in 11 and 4 cases, respectively. Operative data, post‐operative course, and complications were recorded. Moreover, at 12 months follow‐up, patients were asked to rate the esthetic and functional outcomes of the reconstructive procedure on a 5‐point Likert scale.

Results

Ten angiosomal perforator flaps (4 DIEP, 4 SCIP, 1 SEAP, and 1 LICAP flaps) and 5 bi‐angiosomal and extra‐angiosomal conjoined perforator flaps including different vascular territories (3 bilateral DIEP, 1 bilateral SEAP, and 1 ipsilateral DIEP‐SEAP flap) were successfully transferred in 15 patients. In two patients, microsurgical anastomoses were performed to guarantee proper vascularization of the additional cutaneous territory. Mean age was 59.3 years. Defect sizes ranged from 98 to 408 cm2 (mean size was 194.7 cm2). Mean operative time was 280 min. Flap surface ranged from 108 to 336 cm2 (mean surface was 209.3 cm2). No major complications were registered. One bi‐angiosomal bilateral DIEP flap suffered from partial necrosis and required an additional flap reconstruction. All patients underwent a 12‐month follow‐up except one, who did not show for clinical follow‐up but responded at the Likert scale at clinical follow‐up at 9 months. Overall patients' satisfaction was high, with mean esthetic and functional ratings of 4.27 and 3.87.

Conclusion

The use of local tissues is an under‐utilized solution in the field of abdominal wall reconstruction. Angiosomal, bi‐angiosomal, and extra‐angiosomal perforator flaps proved to be a reliable option to provide the transfer of a significant amount of tissue and offer like with like reconstruction while maximizing flap survival.
Exponential stability of a class of quaternion‐valued memristor‐based neural network with time‐varying delay via M‐matrix
Authors: Wang Shengye , Shi Yanchao , Guo Jun
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the problems of exponential stability for a class of quaternion‐valued memristor‐based neural networks. By using M‐matrix theory and fixed point theorem, the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium point of quaternion‐valued neural network are proved, respectively. Then, by combining M‐matrix with exponential stability theory, a non‐factorization method is obtained by using some inequality techniques to give the effective conditions of global exponential stability of quaternion‐valued memristor‐based neural network with time‐varying delay. Finally, numerical examples are given to demonstrate the validity of the derived results.
Comparison of the performance and dynamics of the asymmetric single‐sided and symmetric double‐sided vibro‐impact nonlinear energy sinks with optimized designs
Authors: Lizunov Petro , Pogorelova Olga , Postnikova Tetyana
Published: September 2024

The operation of symmetric double‐sided and asymmetric single‐sided vibro‐impact nonlinear energy sinks (DSVI NES and SSVI NES) is considered in this study. The methodology of optimization procedures is described. It is emphasized that the execution of optimization procedures is ambiguous, allows for a great deal of arbitrariness, and requires experience and intuition on the part of the implementer. There are a lot of damper parameter sets providing similar attenuation of the primary structure (PS) vibrations. It is shown that the efficiency of such mitigation for both VI NES types with optimized parameters is similar. However, their dynamic behavior differs significantly. The system with the attached DSVI NES exhibits calm dynamics with periodic motion and symmetrical bilateral impacts on both obstacles. The system with attached SSVI NES exhibits rich complex dynamics when the exciting force frequency is varied. Periodic modes of different periodicity with different numbers of asymmetric impacts per cycle on the PS directly and on the obstacle alternate with various irregular regimes, namely, chaotic mode, intermittency, and crisis‐induced intermittency. The regions of bilateral impacts are narrow and located near resonance; they are narrower for a system with an attached DSVI NES. In a system with an attached SSVI NES, there are wider areas of asymmetric unilateral impacts.
A probabilistic uncertain linguistic approach for FMEA‐based risk assessment
Authors: Tang Yingwei , Zhou Dequn , Zhu Shichao , Ouyang Linhan
Published: September 2024

Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is acknowledged as a beneficial instrument for identifying and mitigating system failures. However, the traditional FMEA method has its limitations. For instance, crisp numbers fail to adequately represent the intricate information and cognitive nuances of experts. Additionally, the conventional approach overlooks the significance of weights assigned to FMEA experts and risk factors (RFs). Furthermore, the simplistic ranking of failure modes in traditional FMEA does not accurately reflect priorities. In light of these drawbacks, this paper introduces an innovative, fully data‐driven FMEA method, leveraging a probabilistic uncertain linguistic term sets (PULTSs) environment and the Weighted Aggregates Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method. In the assessment process, PULTSs serve as linguistic tools that express probability distribution, allowing for a more reasonable and precise description of information. To address the issue of weights for RFs, the regret theory and Modified CRITIC method are employed. Subsequently, the WASPAS method is applied to determine the risk rankings of failure modes. To illustrate the feasibility and rationality of this novel FMEA model, the paper includes an example involving the production of Lithium‐ion batteries. To emphasize the excellence of the proposed FMEA model, sensitivity and comparative analyses are carried out.
Conditions for improved accuracy of noninvasive preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy: Focusing on the zona pellucida and early blastocysts
Authors: Takeuchi Hiroki , Morishita Midori , Uemura Midori , Maezawa Tadashi , Shibahara Takashi , Takayama Erina , Nishioka Mikiko , Kondo Eiji , Minoura Hiroyuki , Ikeda Tomoaki
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Recently, noninvasive preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (niPGT‐A) using cell‐free deoxyribonucleic acid has been developed; however, there are few reports on this and the results are inconsistent. This study was conducted to optimize the cultural environment.

Methods

We used 35 blastocysts that had been discarded after in‐vitro fertilization. The concordance rate of karyotype analysis results between whole embryos (WEs), spent culture mediums (SCMs), and trophectoderms after 8, 16, and 24 h of culture was examined. Next, zona pellucida (ZP)‐free blastocysts and then early blastocysts were cultured for 24 h each.

Results

Regarding the optimal culture times, the concordance rate between WEs and SCMs was 20%, 60%, and 100% at 8, 16, and 24 h, respectively. Significant differences were found between 8 and 24 h. The concordance rate with ZP cultures was 40.0%, and no significant differences were found. The concordance rate of early blastocysts thawed and cultured for 24 h was 40.0%, which was significantly lower than that of day 5 blastocysts.

Conclusions

The optimal culture times for niPGT‐A were 24 h, and the concordance rate with free ZP was higher. The concordance rate for early blastocysts was low, suggesting that optimization of the conditions may be necessary.
Asynchronous event‐triggered control for switched T–S fuzzy systems under dual‐channel hybrid cyber attacks
Authors: Tan Xiangtong , Li Xiehuan , Zong Guangdeng
Published: September 2024

This article presents an asynchronous event‐triggered scheme for switched Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy systems against dual‐channel hybrid cyber attacks. Different from existing results, both sensor and controller channels are subjected to aperiodic denial‐of‐service attacks and random false data injection attacks. To efficiently utilize dual‐channel network communication resources while resisting hybrid attacks, two resilient event‐triggered mechanisms (ETMs) are constructed. Considering asynchronous ETMs and hybrid cyber attacks, the time‐delay switched T–S fuzzy system is derived by utilizing model transformation methods. Thereby, the stability conditions are derived by utilizing multiple Lyapunov functions technique, and slack matrices are introduced to further relax the conditions. Finally, two examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed event‐based security control strategy.
Light‐Modulated Humidity Sensing in Spiropyran Functionalized MoS2 Transistors
Authors: Tamayo Adrián , Danowski Wojciech , Han Bin , Jeong Yeonsu , Samorì Paolo
Published: September 2024

The optically tuneable nature of hybrid organic/inorganic heterostructures tailored by interfacing photochromic molecules with 2D semiconductors (2DSs) can be exploited to endow multi‐responsiveness to the exceptional physical properties of 2DSs. In this study, a spiropyran‐molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) light‐switchable bi‐functional field‐effect transistor is realized. The spiropyran‐merocyanine reversible photo‐isomerization has been employed to remotely control both the electron transport and wettability of the hybrid structure. This manipulation is instrumental for tuning the sensitivity in humidity sensing. The hybrid organic/inorganic heterostructure is subjected to humidity testing, demonstrating its ability to accurately monitor relative humidity (RH) across a range of 10%–75%. The electrical output shows good sensitivity of 1.0% · (%) RH−1. The light‐controlled modulation of the sensitivity in chemical sensors can significantly improve their selectivity, versatility, and overall performance in chemical sensing.
Ru@NiMoS aggregate with boosted electrochemical catalysis for enhanced electrochemiluminescence and lidocaine detection
Authors: Lu Yongzhuang , Wang Haoran , Li Qiyao , Liu Qian , Zhang Xiaoxu , Jia Yuying , Cai Xiangyu , Zhao Zheng , Huan Yanfu , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: September 2024

A binder‐free Ru@NiMoS electrode was engineered by in situ growth of two‐dimensional NiMoS nanosheets on nickel foam. This process effectively promoted the electrostatic‐driven aggregation of Ru(bpy)32+, harnessing the synergistic effect to enhance electrochemiluminescence (ECL) performance. The integration (Ru@NiMoS) achieved an impressive ECL efficiency of 70.1%, marking an impressive 36.9‐fold enhancement over conventional Ru. Additionally, its ECL intensity was found to be remarkably 172.2 times greater than that of Ru. Within the Ru(bpy)32+/TPA system, NiMoS emerged as a pivotal electrochemical catalyst, markedly boosting both the oxygen evolution reaction and the generation of reactive intermediates. Leveraging these distinctive properties, a highly efficient ECL sensor for lidocaine detection was developed. This sensor exhibited a linear response within the concentration range of 1 nM to 1 μM and achieved a remarkably low detection limit of 0.22 nM, underlining its substantial potential for practical application.
Large scale system design aided by modelling and DES simulation: A Petri net approach
Authors: Arronategui Unai , Bañares José Ángel , Colom José Manuel
Published: September 2024

The study of real discrete event systems requires the use of models to cope with complexity and large scale. The only way to understand and analyse their behaviour prior to implementation is, in practice, through distributed simulation. Although it is a widely studied discipline, the difficulty of developing efficient distributed simulation code remains a challenge. The use of model driven engineering approaches allows a smooth way from informal specifications to executable code showing traces of the system behaviour. Formal models allow to conduct the phases of this engineering process, and in this work, the formalism is Petri nets. In the simulation literature, Petri nets have been shown to be particularly suitable for modelling and simulation of discrete event systems. This article reviews the role of Petri nets as the core formalism to support a model‐driven engineering approach for the execution of large scale models using distributed simulation. It deals with different aspects related to the Petri net‐based languages used at different stages of the modelling and simulation process, from conceptual modelling of complex systems to the generation of code for executing simulations of Petri net‐based models. After the review, the article proposes an efficient representation of Petri net‐based models. It is analysed from the perspective of the essential properties required for distributed simulation, and was found to provide efficient execution, scalability and dynamic configuration. The article highlights the importance of considering modelling constraints in order to guarantee good properties such as liveness and structural boundedness of Petri net components for the execution of large‐scale Petri net models. The Petri net‐based methodology is illustrated from the perspective of the impact of the formalism to help developing well‐formed models and efficient code for distributed simulation.
Density, Surface Tension, and Viscosity of Liquid Low‐Sulfur Manganese–Boron Steel via Maximum Bubble Pressure and Oscillating Crucible Methods
Authors: Bellé Matheus Roberto , Neubert Lukas , Sherstneva Anastasiia , Yamamoto Taisei , Nishi Tsuyoshi , Yamano Hidemasa , Weinberg Matthias , Volkova Olena
Published: September 2024

In this study, the thermophysical properties of low‐sulfur manganese–boron steel with varying boron and sulfur contents at different temperatures are investigated. Density and surface tension are measured between 1550 and 1650 °C using the maximum bubble pressure method, while viscosity is examined between 1530 and 1570 °C using an improved oscillating crucible viscometer. The methods yield results with low error, consistent with existing literature. The density of the base steel decreases from 7057 ± 25 kg m−3 at 1550 °C to 6843 ± 85 kg m−3 at 1650 °C. The addition of boron (up to 57 ppm) and sulfur (up to 130 ppm) does not significantly change the density. Sulfur, increasing from 39 to 130 ppm, reduces the surface tension from 1416 ± 12 to 1302 ± 9 mN m−1 at 1650 °C. Boron's effect on surface tension varies, possibly influenced by other elements like oxygen. Viscosity ranges from 5.74 to 6.44 mPa s, with boron and sulfur additions causing minimal changes, the largest deviation being 8%. In these results, valuable data for the simulation, modeling, control, and optimization of liquid steel processing are provided.
Single Crystalline Laser Welding
Authors: Bernhard Robert , Buchbender Irene , Wesling Volker , Kaierle Stefan
Published: September 2024

Rising demands on engines in the aerospace industry require high engine inlet temperatures in modern gas turbines in order to increase the efficiency. Single-crystal nickel-based superalloys were developed in order to meet these rising demands and confer high pressure turbine blades with the necessary wear and oxidation resistance at high temperatures. The blades of the high-pressure turbine are subject to significant wear due to the high mechanical strain under extreme conditions, which appears in the form of cracks in the single-crystal substrate material. There are no approaches for the restoration of the original material properties since the repair of cracks and erosions by polycrystalline laser cladding can be applied only to a limited extent. The aim of the subproject is the restoration of defect, single-crystal high-pressure turbine blades. This objective was achieved by developing a novel two-stage laser metal deposition process based on simulation, laser process development, process monitoring and temperature control.