bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTEGRATION OF TRANSPORT, EXCURSION AND ANIMATION SERVICES IN MODERN TOUR OPERATING
Authors:   University of Customs and Finance, Horb Kostiantyn , Korneyev Maxim ,   University of Customs and Finance, Horozhankina Nataliya ,   University of Customs and Finance
Published: October 2024

The article improves the concept of integrated tourist product and integrated tourist service, substantiates the concept of directions, extent and depth of integration of tourist services in one tourist product, using the example of the most common in the modern tour operating system of transport, excursion and entertainment and animation services. Two directions of integration are distinguished and justified – “integration of sequence” and “integration of simultaneity and interpenetration” of services. The degree of integration is presented as the degree of coherence and sophistication of the tourist product with the entire set of interdependent, substantively and technologically combined services of varying depth of interpenetration, taking into account the degree of its acceptance by tourist consumers and the market justification, establishment and viability of this product in the tourist market. The degree of integration in this way partially shows how successful this synthesis of specific services in a specific product turned out to be. The depth of integration of tourist services in one trip is justified as the degree of interdependence and interpenetration of such services, both in the direction of sequence and simultaneity of their provision. The depth of integration of the sequence can also predict the degree of compliance with a certain logical line of gradual increase or decrease of the overall tourist wow-effect as the route passes, depending on the general ideology and mission of the tour. In the direction of simultaneous integration of different services into one another in one product, the depth shows the degree of interdependence and “synthesis” of services provided in parallel, the extent to which several simultaneously provided services mix and form a certain single “monolithic”, thus turning into a single indivisible integrated service with the corresponding synergistic effect of such a combination. In the future, it is possible to develop a scheme-algorithm for measuring the degree and depth of service integration, with an outline of formal evaluation criteria, which is important for the design and implementation of more advanced and original products of tour operator companies in conditions of high competition.
BUSINESS FUNCTIONING UNDER INFORMATION ASYMMETRY
Authors:   National University “Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic”, Hlushko Alina , Bilko Stanislav ,   National University “Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic”, Andriiets Tetiana ,   National University “Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic”
Published: October 2024

The process of digitalization has covered all sectors of economic activity in Ukraine and the world. The economic impact of information and communication technologies on economic sectors or spheres of life (at the macro level), and specific products or services (at the micro level) is determined by added value. Digital tools and technologies make it possible to increase the level of production of innovative products, shorten the period from the development of an idea to the sale of finished products, ensure an appropriate level of profitability from the introduction of advanced technologies and create competitive advantages for the state. At the same time, digitalization is not only a tool for realizing national economic interests that can create new opportunities for economic development, but also a source of new risks and threats, including the phenomenon of information asymmetry. The research examines the phenomenon of information asymmetry and its impact on business functioning. It is proved that in the context of digitalization, information is the dominant factor of production. The essential and substantive characterization of information as a production factor is provided. It is proved that information is a direct productive force, the most important factor of production along with the traditional ones – land, labor, and capital. The relationship between the spread of digitalization processes and the emergence of information inequality, or “asymmetric information”, is substantiated. The main factors that led to the deepening of information asymmetry under martial law in Ukraine are outlined. These include the physical destruction of information infrastructure facilities, massive cyber attacks and the spread of disinformation, and rapid and unpredictable changes in the national economy. The author models the impact of information asymmetry on business functioning, which is reflected in pessimistic business expectations, which is directly related to the uncertainty of the business environment. Based on the results of official research, it is confirmed that information asymmetry is the main obstacle to the successful adaptation of economic entities to conditions of uncertainty, and its reduction is the main direction of public policy.
ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ В ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ СЕСТРИНСЬКОЇ СПРАВИ
Authors: ДЕМЯНЧУК Михайло , ГАШИНСЬКА Олена , ГОРСЬКА Олена
Published: October 2024

Інформаційно-комунікаційні освітні технології відкривають нові можливості для розвитку пізнавальних здібностей студентів медичних академій, пам’яті, мислення, уяви, активізації їх творчої ініціативи. Використання штучного інтелекту у професійній підготовці майбутніх фахівців сестринської справи дозволяє студентам швидше та ефективніше засвоювати комунікативні, організаційні, управлінські навички, що стає все більш важливим в умовах глобалізації та міжнародної комунікації. Аналіз численних зарубіжних та вітчизняних досліджень у галузі навчальної аналітики дозволив виділити такі цільові напрями його використання у підготовці майбутніх фахівців сестринської справи: прогнозування поведінки/активності студентів у процесі навчання; проектування та розробка нових моделей та способів презентування знань у предметній галузі; дослідження взаємодії «викладач – студент» та/або «середовище навчання – студент»; вивчення самого феномена навчання та психології студентів – майбутніх фахівців сестринської справи. Вагомий потенціал мають технології штучного інтелекту в персоналізації навчання майбутніх фахівців сестринської справи. Значущою перевагою технологій штучного інтелекту в підготовці майбутніх фахівців сестринської справи є оцінювання стану сформованості компетентностей студентів. Використання штучного інтелекту, зокрема алгоритмів обробки природної мови, дозволяє автоматизувати аналіз та оцінку робіт студентів. Оцінювання великої кількості навчальних завдань, тестів, есе може бути рутинним завданням для викладачів. Подібні системи оцінювання включають модуль аналітики, за допомогою якого можна отримати необхідні дані про процес навчання і виявити найбільш складні для студентів теми і розглянути їх повторно. До найважливіших переваг технологій штучного інтелекту у професійній підготовці майбутніх фахівців сестринської справи доцільно віднести, зокрема: можливість організації персоналізованого навчання, забезпечення миттєвого зворотного зв’язку та доступ до великого обсягу даних. Водночас, виокремлено й недоліки цієї інновації: необхідність адаптації систем штучного інтелекту до специфіки медичної сфери та розвиток систем для формування складних умінь та навичок, а також виховання особистісних якостей майбутніх фахівців сестринської справи, таких як емпатія. Нині існує необхідність у забезпеченні співпраці між фахівцями у галузі освіти та розробниками технологій штучного інтелекту для більш ефективного використання штучного інтелекту у сфері освіти.
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ТА ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТІ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ ІНЖЕНЕРНИХ ВІЙСЬК ДО ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: РОДІКОВ Володимир
Published: October 2024

У статті визначено концептуальну основу науково-методичної педагогічної системи підготовки майбутніх фахівців інженерних військ до професійної діяльності в умовах воєнного стану. Підготовку майбутніх фахівців інженерних військ до професійної діяльності розглянуто як цілеспрямований процес освоєння військово-спеціальних знань, навичок, умінь та розвиток організаційно-вольових якостей, що дають змогу успішно виконувати обов’язки в межах здобутої військово-облікової спеціальності. Розкрито сутність загальнонаукових методологічних підходів, філософських принципів та специфічних закономірностей побудови педагогічної системи підготовки майбутніх фахівців інженерних військ до професійної діяльності в умовах воєнного стану. Обґрунтовано єдину методологічну систему, яка охоплює системний, компетентнісний, практико зорієнтований та особистісно зорієнтований методологічні підходи, та зорієнтовується на визначення цілей підготовки майбутніх фахівців інженерних військ до професійної діяльності і механізмів їхнього досягнення. Відображено специфічні закономірності, що зумовлюють взаємозалежність між цілями військової освіти та підготовки майбутніх фахівців інженерних військ в умовах воєнного стану; змістом цієї підготовки та результатами розвитку військової науки та воєнної техніки з їхньою проєкцією в військову науку та практику; мотивацією курсантів до активної навчально-пізнавальної діяльності та відповідністю підготовки майбутніх фахівців інженерних військ вимогам реальної службово-бойової діяльності; науково-обґрунтованою організацією та реалізацією підготовки майбутніх військових фахівців в умовах воєнного стану та сформованістю готовності майбутніх фахівців інженерних військ до професійної діяльності. Обґрунтовано, що розроблена методологічна основа дає змогу ґрунтовніше розглянути сутність педагогічної системи підготовки майбутніх фахівців інженерних військ до професійної діяльності в умовах воєнного стану та в подальшому обґрунтувати та розробити модель досліджуваного процесу із знаходженням шляхів її подальшої реалізації.
Effect of Audit Firm Characteristics on Audit Quality of Quoted Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Emovon Felix Osayabor , Ogbonmwan Evelyn Ehizogie
Published: October 2024

This study investigates how the characteristics of audit firms are associated with audit quality in deposit money banks situated in Nigeria. The core explanatory variables employed or adopted were audit fees, audit tenure, and audit rotation on audit quality. The study adopted an ex-post factor research design. The population of the study consists of twelve (12) quoted deposit money banks on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) as of 31st December, 2022, and twelve (12) banks were taken as the sample size using census sampling technique. The study period is from 2013 to 2022. The data were collected from the annual reports and accounts of the selected banks. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and the hypotheses were tested using feasible generalized least squares regression analysis. The empirical findings revealed that audit fees and audit rotation have a positive and significant effect on audit quality, while audit tenure has a negative and significant effect on audit quality. On the basis of the findings, the study concludes that audit fees and audit rotation are important ingredients in achieving good audit quality. Establishing rotation programs with auditing should be implemented by all organizations seeking better planned undertakings of tasks regarding finance. The study recommended that banks should make use of standard audit firms like the Big 4 so as to get better audit quality, and there should be a good policy for audit rotation for the banks in order to achieve better audit quality.
Implementasi Pengujian Black Box pada Form Login E-Learning di Universitas Airlangga
Authors: Maulidatul Muauwanah  , Hendra Dwi Saputra  , Muhammad Afifudin  , Muhammad Yoga Pratama Chusnani
Published: October 2024

Keamanan data pada form login e-learning sangat penting karena menjadi pintu masuk utama bagi pengguna. Penelitian ini melakukan pengujian keamanan form login pada platform E-learning Universitas Airlangga menggunakan metode blackbox testing dengan teknik equivalence partitions. Tujuannya adalah memastikan form login dapat menolak inputan tidak valid dan melindungi informasi sensitif pengguna dari potensi ancaman keamanan siber..Penelitian ini melibatkan serangkaian test case dengan berbagai skenario input pada form login. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu menolak inputan tidak valid, memberikan pesan peringatan yang sesuai, dan melanjutkan proses login hanya dengan inputan yang benar. Semua skenario pengujian menghasilkan output yang sesuai harapan, menunjukkan bahwa form login berfungsi dengan baik dan aman.
Kolaborasi Naïve Bayes dan AdaBoost dalam Klasifikasi Bakteri E.coli
Authors: Utama Hastari Utama , Masruro Ahlihi , Triyadi Agung
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja algoritma Naïve Bayes yang di-boosting menggunakan AdaBoost dalam klasifikasi bakteri E.coli. Naïve Bayes sering dianggap sebagai weak classifier karena akurasinya yang kurang optimal pada dataset yang kompleks, sehingga diperlukan metode boosting untuk meningkatkan performanya. AdaBoost dipilih karena kemampuannya memperkuat weak classifiers dengan menyesuaikan bobot pada data yang salah diklasifikasikan, sehingga hasil klasifikasi menjadi lebih akurat. Dataset E.coli yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 7 fitur biologis yang menggambarkan karakteristik sinyal dan protein. Proses implementasi dilakukan menggunakan Python, Jupyter Notebook, serta library scikit-learn dan imblearn. Evaluasi kinerja dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode 10-fold cross-validation dan confusion matrix. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Naïve Bayes yang di-boosting dengan AdaBoost berhasil meningkatkan akurasi klasifikasi dari 76% menjadi 94%, serta meningkatkan rata-rata cross-validation dan geometric mean. Meskipun AdaBoost tidak selalu menjamin peningkatan kinerja pada setiap dataset, kolaborasi kedua algoritma ini terbukti mampu memberikan hasil yang lebih stabil dan akurat pada dataset E.coli  . Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kombinasi Naïve Bayes dan AdaBoost efektif dalam meningkatkan performa klasifikasi dataset biologis yang kompleks.
Game Edukasi Pengenalan Hewan Endemik Pulau Kalimantan Berbasis Android Menggunakan Construct 2
Authors: Irwan Gt , Rusdiana Lili
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research is to make an Android-based educational game to introduce endemic animals to the island of Borneo using Construct 2, the results of which can be useful for the community to increase knowledge about endemic animals on the island of Borneo. This educational game has a game of arranging animal name letters and multiple choice questions which are expected to hone the user's memory of endemic animals on the island of Borneo. The method used in this research is the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method are concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. In this study, Black Box Testing was carried out and the result was that the game system ran well and its functionality could work smoothly. Based on the results of the questionnaire which was filled in by 30 respondents, the Endemic Animals of Kalimantan game was in the interval of strongly agreeing with the questionnaire and application category with a percentage of 85.42%, which means that the Endemic Animals of Kalimantan game is in demand by the public.
Evaluasi Heuristik E-Learning Institut Agama Hindu Negeri Tampung Penyang Palangka Raya
Authors: Purnawati Ni Wayan , Alit Arsana I Nyoman , Janardana Febrian Agus I Putu
Published: October 2024

Institute of Hindu Religion (IAHN) Tampung Penyang Palangka Raya has e-learning in an e-campus with complex features. Many e-learning features become ineffective, and make users unable to maximize their use. Therefore, a heuristic evaluation approach from Nielsen's is needed to find out the extent of usability in the e-learning. The heuristic evaluation method is a method used to find usability problems of a product using 10 heuristic evaluation principles. In this research, the assessment was carried out by 4 expert usability evaluators. The calculation of usability heuristic evaluation using severity ratings scale has been done. The results of the assessment based on heuristic evaluation on the IAHN-TP Palangka Raya e-campus application resulted in 24 problem findings. The highest value of the average severity rating (SR) is on the principle of error prevention and as much as 92% of the largest percentage is on the principle of visibility of system status. This research also provides recommendations for design improvements ranging from adding functions, changing appearance, and layout according to the results of the heuristic evaluation. These recommendations can be used as a consideration for the IAHN-TP campus management in improving the application.
„Hommage bien amical”. Kontakty zagraniczne prof. Barbary Skargi (1919-2009) na podstawie analizy proweniencyjnej wybranych egzemplarzy z jej księgozbioru prywatnego
Authors: Rokicka Renata
Published: October 2024

Artykuł powstał jako efekt badań przeprowadzonych na temat: „Księgozbiór prywatny profesor Barbary Skargi w zbiorach Połączonych Bibliotek Wydziałów Filozofii i Socjologii Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Instytutu Filozofii i Socjologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk i Polskiego Towarzystwa Filozoficznego”[1]. W ciągu swojej wieloletniej kariery naukowej prof. B. Skarga (1919–2009) zgromadziła liczny i zróżnicowany księgozbiór. Po jej śmierci został on przekazany na mocy testamentu do Połączonych Bibliotek WFiS UW, IFiS PAN i PTF oraz włączony w zasób biblioteczny podlegający Instytutowi Filozofii i Socjologii PAN. B. Skarga współpracowała z wieloma instytucjami skupiającymi badaczy specjalizujących się w filozofii, ale również w socjologii czy teologii, co wpłynęło na zwartość jej kolekcji. Artykuł zawiera analizę jakościową, ilościową oraz proweniencyjną tego księgozbioru. Wykorzystanie metody proweniencyjnej i bibliograficznej umożliwiło odtworzenie dziejów kolekcji oraz kontaktów Skargi m.in. z francuskim środowiskiem naukowym.
 
[1] Praca magisterska, promotor: dr hab. prof. ucz. Jacek Puchalski, Uniwersytet Warszawski, 2023.
Logunov and Mestvirishvil Disprove "General Relativity"
Authors:   Independent Scientific Researcher, Colombia, Guillen Gomez Alfonso Leon
Published: October 2024

Based on the various documents, 1989-2002, through the original texts, in addition to the author's contributions, this paper presents the refutation of the mathematicians and physicists A. Logunov and M. Mestvirishvil of A. Einstein's "general relativity", from the relativistic theory of gravitation of these authors, who applying the fundamental principle of the science of physics of the conservation of the energy-momentum and using absolute differential calculus they rigorously perform their mathematical tests. It is conclusively shown that, from the Einstein-Grossman-Hilbert equations, gravity is absurdly a metric field devoid of physical reality unlike all other fields in nature that are material fields, interrupting the chain of transformations between the different existing fields. Also, in Einstein's theory the proved "inertial mass" equal to gravitational mass has no physical meaning. Therefore, "general relativity" does not obey the correspondence principle with Newton's gravity.
Impact of heat stress on female reproduction in farm animals: challenges and possible remedies
Authors: Pasha M M H , Rahman M Z , Sultana N , Moniruzzaman M
Published: October 2024

Global warming poses significant challenges to agriculture, particularly within the livestock industry. Heat stress in animals refers to the physiological and metabolic distress experienced when environmental heat causes an animal’s body temperature to exceed its thermoneutral zone. Heat stress has a significant detrimental impact on reproductive outcomes, posing a direct threat to the profitability of livestock operations. Heat stress disrupts the normal hormonal balance essential for reproduction in female livestock, adversely affecting events of folliculogenesis and embryogenesis. As a result, the developmental competence of oocytes is compromised, which is crucial for successful fertilization and reproduction. Consequently, heat stress can lead to issues such as immature oocytes, atypical or sluggish embryonic development, silent estrus, and increased pregnancy loss causing a decline in reproductive rates and livestock owners face substantial financial losses. Despite using various cooling strategies, such as water sprinkler systems, cooling shades, and cooling devices, these measures are often insufficient to restore normal reproductive rates. Therefore, it is crucial to implement and explore novel strategies to enhance reproductive efficiency during periods of heat stress. Potential mitigation techniques include estrus synchronization, artificial insemination, hormonal alterations, embryo transfer, genetic engineering, sophisticated breeding strategies, the use of nutraceuticals, and changes in management practices. This review aims to consolidate recent findings on the adverse effects of heat stress on female reproduction, especially in tropical environments, and to evaluate potential strategies for improving summer fertility of livestock.
Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 53(3): 77-100, 2024
Effect of different energy and protein levels on growth performances and carcass yields of Sonali chicken
Authors: Jahan M S , Hossain A , Ahammed M , Hossain M E
Published: October 2024

This study evaluated how varied energy and protein levels affect the growth and carcass traits of Sonali chickens. A 63-day experiment was conducted on 400-day-old Sonali chicks that were raised straight. The chicks were split into four groups of 100 birds apiece, which were then further separated into four subgroups of 25 birds each. The treatment groups were: T1 (2900 kcal/kg ME, 20% CP for starter and 3000 kcal/kg ME, 19% CP for grower); T2 (2900 kcal/kg ME, 21% CP for starter and 3000 kcal/kg ME, 20% CP for grower); T3 (2950 kcal/kg ME, 20% CP for starter and 3050 kcal/kg ME, 19% CP for grower) and T4 (2950 kcal/kg ME, 21% CP for starter and 3050 kcal/kg ME, 20% CP for grower) group. Sonali chicks were fed on starter diets from day old to 5 weeks of age and grower diets from 6 to 9 weeks of age. Results revealed that body weight was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the group having 2950 kcal/kg ME, 21% CP for starter and 3050 kcal/kg ME, 20% CP for grower at 9th weeks of age. In addition, FCR and total body weight gain showed significantly (P<0.05) better in the high nutrition group compared to other treated groups. Dressing percentage was numerically and abdominal fat was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the group having 2950 kcal/kg ME, 21% CP for starter and 3050 kcal/kg ME, 20% CP for grower compared to other groups. However, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in skin, head, leg, liver, heart, gizzard, breast meat, drumstick meat, wing meat and thigh bone weight in relation to body weight among different dietary groups. Furthermore, despite the higher feed costs, the high nutrition group had higher selling price and profit margins per bird than the low nutrition diet. So, taken together, it can be concluded that a diet with high energy and high protein increases body weight and body weight gain and gives better FCR. Moreover, higher nutrition diet improves dressing yield, abdominal fat percentage and profit margins than the low nutrition diet. It is suggested that provision of energy (2950 kcal/kg ME for starter and 3050 kcal/kg ME for grower) and protein (21% CP for starter and 20% CP for grower) in the diet could be a potential energy and protein level for better performances of Sonali chicken.
Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 53(3): 101-110, 2024
Productive and reproductive performances of buffaloes in Bhola district of Bangladesh
Authors: Jahan I , Sarker N , Alam S , Rahman M K , Alam M K , Khandakar M M H , Bari M S , Habib M R , Islam M A
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the productive and reproductive performance of buffaloes across five sub-districts (Burhanuddin, Lalmohan, Char Fasson, Bhola Sadar, and Tazumuddin) in the Bhola district of Bangladesh. A face-to-face survey was conducted with 309 buffalo farmers. Daily milk yield ranged from 1.2 to 4.3 liters/cow/day, with over 90% of farmers selling to Goalas (local milk collectors) at BDT 87±22/liter. Lower milk prices were often reported due to pre-arranged advance loans from milkmen. Significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in milk yield across lactation stages, with the highest yields (2.9–3.9 L/day/buffalo) during the first 90 days. Most farmers (82%) relied solely on grazing in the Bathan system, without supplemental concentrate feed. Reproductive parameters showed significant variation (p < 0.05) across the sub-districts, with Lalmohan having the lowest age at sexual maturity (2.98±0.08 years) and the shortest postpartum heat period (57.1±13.62 days). Bhola Sadar had the shortest calving intervals (11.92±0.43 months) and gestation periods (297.10±6.97 days). Burhanuddin had the lowest number of services per conception (1.46±0.50). To improve buffalo farming outcomes, it is decisive to establish local cooperatives for fair milk pricing, introduce supplemental feeding, enhance access to breeding resources, and bolster financial support, educational programs, and infrastructure.
Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 53(3): 111-120, 2024
Effects of irrigation and nutrients managements with plant intensification on rice under saline soil
Authors: Ali M H , Biswas P , Islam M A , Azad A K
Published: October 2024

The area of salt affected agricultural soils has grown on a global scale. The toxicity of salt and the unfavorable characteristics of the soil are two major causes of the low crop productivity on salt-affected soil. Thus, effective and economical management techniques are required for crop production which may sustainable. The experiments were conducted to identify appropriate irrigation and other management practices for higher yield of Boro rice at two locations (Horinkhola, Satkhira and Batiaghata, Khulna) of saline area during two successive years (2021 and 2022). Six treatments were used, consisting of continuous ponding of irrigation water along with recommended fertilizer (farmers practice, as control), and a range of combination of irrigation water and gypsum fertilizer and foliar spray of Urea, TSP, MOP and Zinc Sulphate. The results revealed that at both locations, the treatments showed significant difference and the highest yield (7.35 t/ha at Horinkhola and 6.75 t/ha Batiaghata) were obtained in treatment T5 [Continuous saturation (0-3cm) + 50% recommended fertilizer except MoP + K2SO4 equivalent to 50% K+ OM + no ridge, high density (15 cm x 10 cm) + Change of standing water 20 days interval + Foliar application of Urea-40 g, TSP-44 g, MOP-26 g and Zinc Sulphate 3g (4 times : 25, 35, 45, 60 DAT)]. Overall, this treatment produced 19% higher yield compared to farmer’s practice, along with maximum BCR (1.57) and net profit (52,004 Tk/ha). This technique can be adopted for higher yield in saline area.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Agric, 38(1): 53-64, 2024
Biology and Management of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Shoot and Fruit Borer: A Review
Authors: Siam M A Habib , Arafeen Mohammad Shamsil , Dey D , Owaresat J K
Published: October 2024

Eggplant (Solanum melongena Linnaeus) is a vital crop in South Asia, valued for its use in both raw and cooked dishes. However, its cultivation is severely threatened by the eggplant shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Guen.), which damages the plant from the seedling stage to harvest. The larval phase of this pest bores into shoots and fruits, potentially causing up to 90% loss and a decline in quality. Farmers often use excessive insecticides to combat L. orbonalis, leading to residue accumulation in food, insecticide resistance, pest resurgence, secondary pest outbreaks, and harm to beneficial organisms and the environment. In South Asia, this pest is the primary threat to eggplant fields, attracting significant research attention. This review paper examines biology, damage and control measures of eggplant shoot and fruit borer including resistant and tolerant varieties, sex pheromone traps, physical and mechanical barriers, biopesticides, biocontrol agents, and cultural and chemical methods, supported by previous studies and research findings.
J Bangladesh Agril Univ 22(3): 267-276, 2024
Influence of Grass Pea Residues Extract on Weed Control Efficacy and Performance of Boro Rice
Authors: Zinnat Meftahe , Ahmed Md Towkir , Sarker Uttam Kumer , Rahman Mijanur , Salam Md Abdus , Uddin Md Romij
Published: October 2024

The agriculture sector is constantly adopting environmentally friendly and sustainable methods to reduce the harmful effects of herbicides on crop production. In this respect, an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory (AFL), Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh to assess the allelopathic effects of grass pea crop residues on weed suppression and the growth performance of Boro rice from December 2021 to May 2022. The experiment consisted of four cultivars of Boro rice i.e. BAU dhan3, BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan81, BRRI dhan96 along with four different treatments of weed control viz. no extract and no weeding (control), hot water extract of Grass pea residues as pre-emergence application at 3 DAT (days after transplanting), hot water extract of Grass pea residues as pre-emergence application at 3 DAT+ post- emergence at 10 DAT, hand weeding 3 times at 15, 30 and 45 DAT. The highest weed growth was noticed when no extract was added and the lowest was found when three times hand weeding was performed. The highest number of effective tillers (NET) hill-1, number of spikelets panicle-1 (NSP) and grain yield (GY), straw yield (SY) and biological yield (BY) were recorded from the rice variety BAU dhan3. The highest NET hill-1, NSP, 1000-grain weight (TGW), GY, SY and BY were recorded from three hand weeding which was followed by hot water extract of grass pea as pre-emergence application at 3 DAT+ post-emergence application at 10 DAT. From the interaction it is observed that the highest NET hill-1, NSP, SY and BY were obtained from BAU dhan3 with three hand weeding which was followed by BAU dhan3 with hot water extract of grass pea as pre-emergence application at 3 DAT+ post-emergence application at 10 DAT. The findings of this study reveal that hand weeding, followed by the application of grass pea crop residues, effectively suppresses weed growth. Our research suggested leveraging the allelopathy-weed inverse relationship to address weed problems. This approach holds significant promise for weed management in the twenty-first century.
J Bangladesh Agril Univ 22(3):360-368, 2024
Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar (BCIM) – Economic corridor: an opportunity for regional connectivity and development cooperation in south and Southeast Asia
Authors: Hoque Md. Selimul , Ahamed Akkas
Published: October 2024

China is the largest country in terms of the purchasing power parity (PPP); and the country has started to invest hugely in the developing countries of the Southeast Asia, South Asia, Africa, Central Asia and the Middle-East. It wants to be connected with Europe, Africa and Middle East through its economic corridors such as BCIM, BRI, MSR and OBOR. It can be mentioned here that most of the South and Southeast countries are poor and need huge investment in the infrastructural projects. Therefore, the concept of BCIM is a win-win geostrategic and economic policy for South, Southeast and China. On the other hand, India is largest country in terms of the size of population; and its economy is also rising rapidly. And this country also needs huge investment and development cooperation from the different countries including China. Besides, Bangladesh is a lower middle-income country; it also wants to grow rapidly in terms of economic growth, transfer of technology and infrastructural developments. On other hand, Myanmar is a developing country in Southeast Asia which requires vast developments, transfer of technology, foreign investments in the coastal regions and regional connectivity for economic growth and development. Therefore, carrying out study on BCIM economic corridor is extremely important in the region. It’s a qualitative study in the context of mythology. This study has found that implementation of BCIM economic corridor is very important for South and Southeast Asia including Bangladesh for regional connectivity, trade and investment and development cooperation.
A comparative analysis of remote auditing in Albania: How it affects the quality of enterprise auditing
Authors: Shaqiri Gentjan , Kacani Jolta
Published: October 2024

This paper conducts an extensive examination to explore the impact of remote auditing on audit quality. It aims to ascertain whether remote audit processes can match or exceed the standards set by traditional on-site audits. The study encompasses various remote audit methods, advantages, and challenges. The study employs a mixed methods approach, gathering and analyzing data through both quantitative measures and qualitative techniques. This includes surveys directed at audit professionals to glean insights into remote auditing and its effects on audit quality. Survey findings are analyzed according to a balance scorecard. The findings indicate that remote auditing has the potential to deliver high-quality audits but requires robust technological infrastructure, effective communication channels, and rigorous data protection protocols.
Sir William Burrell: An Artful Politician
Authors: Lewis Anthony
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the political career of Sir William Burrell (1861–1958) as a Conservative party councillor for Glasgow's Exchange ward (1899–1906) and focuses on the years 1899–1901, in three overlapping arenas: the 1899 municipal elections in which Burrell began his career; Glasgow's civic and business status as the second city of the British empire; and the 1901 international exhibition. By examining Burrell as a skilful operator in all three contexts simultaneously, this article presents him for the first time not only as a powerful Glaswegian businessman who collected art, but also as an adroit politician who exploited both his business success and his curatorial expertise for the benefit of the Conservative and Liberal Unionist cause in the city. His administration and curation of the international exhibition in the new Kelvingrove galleries allowed the dominant Unionist group to present itself to millions of visitors. Burrell's art collection is thus demonstrated to be an important political source.
Döviz kurunun ağaç ve ağaç ürünleri sektöründe seçilmiş göstergeler üzerindeki etkisi: Türkiye örneği
Authors: Çayır Mustafa , Ersen Nadir
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada, efektif döviz kurunun ağaç ürünleri sektörüne ait sanayi üretim endeksi, kapasite kullanım oranı, ithalat ve ihracat üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası’nın Veri Dağıtım Sisteminden ve TradeMap web adresinden elde edilmiştir. Analiz 2007-2023 arasındaki dönemi kapsamakta olup veriler aylık gözlemlerden oluşmaktadır. Tüm analizler kapasite kullanım oranı hariç bütün verilerin doğal logaritması alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Walds doğrusallık testi ile serilerin doğrusal olup olmadığı tespit edilirken, Artırılmış Dickey-Fuller ve Philipps-Perron testleri ile serilerin durağan olup olmadığı ve kaçıncı dereceden durağan oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Serilerin bazılarının doğrusal olmadığı ve söz konusu serilerin aynı düzeyde durağan olmadığı için yöntem olarak asimetrik etkileri hesaba katan doğrusal olmayan otoregresif gecikmesi dağıtılmış sınır testi (NARDL) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, efektif döviz kurundaki değişimler kısa ve uzun dönemde ağaç ürünlerine ait kapasite kullanım oranını, sanayi üretim endeksini, ihracatı ve ithalatı anlamlı düzeyde etkilemektedir. Sonuçlar ağaç ürünleri sektöründeki sektör temsilciler ve politika yapıcılar için bir yol haritası oluşturabilir.
Çerçeve konstrüksiyonlu mobilya birleştirmeleri için tasarlanan auksetik kavelaların sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) ve kavak (Populus nigra L.) kontrplak ile tutma mukavemeti
Authors: Ceylan Erkan , Kasal Ali , Smardzewski Jerzy , Yüksel Mehmet , Kuşkun Tolga
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada, çerçeve konstrüksiyonlu mobilya birleştirmelerinde kullanılmak üzere auksetik kavelalar tasarlanmış, üç boyutlu (3B) yazıcı teknolojisiyle üretilmiş ve bu kavelaların Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestis L.) ve 20 mm kalınlığındaki kavak (Populus nigra L.) kontrplak (KKP) ile tutma mukavemetleri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, auksetik özellikli enine kesit geometrisine sahip 4 farklı kavela tasarımı gerçekleştirilmiş ve 3B yazıcıyla Polilaktik Asit (PLA), Akrilonitril Butadiyen Stiren (ABS) ve Akrilonitril Stiren Akrilat (ASA) filamentlerinden üretilmiştir. Tasarlanan kavelalarda, birleştirme sırasında tutkal kullanımını elimine etmek amacıyla dış yüzeyler dişli olarak dübel şeklinde tasarlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, 2 ağaç malzeme, 2 dış yüzey diş geometrisi, 2 auksetik desen tipi, 3 farklı filament ve her bir gruptan 5 yineleme olmak üzere toplam 120 adet liflere paralel (kenardan) çekme, 120 adette liflere dik (yüzeyden) çekme deney örneği hazırlanmış ve statik yük altında test edilmiştir. Deneyler sonucunda, ahşap malzemelerden KKP, filamentlerden de PLA en iyi tutma mukavemetini verirken; auksetik kavelalardan ise üçgen biçimli auksetik desene sahip ve ikizkenar üçgen dişli kavelalar ile en yüksek tutma mukavemeti elde edilmiştir.
Extracting Quantitative Streamline Information from Surface Flow Visualization Images in a Linear Cascade using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors:   Durham University, Liu Xingyu , Ingram Grant ,   Durham University, Sims-Williams David ,   Durham University, Breckon Toby P. ,   Durham University
Published: October 2024

Surface flow visualization (SFV), specifically surface oil flow visualization, is an experimental technique that involves coating the surface with a mixture of oils and dyes before applying the flow to the subject. While investigating the surface flow, the surface topology must be analysed to determine the flow field near the surface. For this, numerous flow visualization and image processing techniques have been proposed, showing good performance. Nonetheless, their accuracy is largely contingent on human expertise, and the overall processing cost is elevated because they necessitate the trial-and-error optimization of thresholding parameters, which are not applicable universally across all experimental conditions. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are deep learning models designed primarily for tasks involving grid-like data, particularly image and video analysis. Inspired by the outstanding feature extraction performance of deep neural networks, in this work, we trained a CNN-based model to develop an automated streamline detection and flow field reconstruction tool which works well on surface oil flow visualization images. The accuracy of streamline detection can be customized through the use of a threshold function. The predictive outcomes of the flow field and the distribution of shear pressure will be compared to the results obtained through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in the same case.
Total pressure losses from planar Particle Image Velocimetry data: A practical approach for accurate wake flow assessment at turbomachinery-relevant Mach & Reynolds numbers
Authors:   University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Institute of Jet Propulsion, Bitter Martin , Kožulović Dragan ,   University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Institute of Jet Propulsion
Published: October 2024

This work presents a hybrid approach for determining total pressure fields, which were reconstructed from Particle Image Velocimetry data and whose accuracy was raised through in-situ correction with probe-based reference data. The quality of this general approach is validated for turbomachinery-relevant Mach and Reynolds numbers using a cylinder in crossflow as a test case. Furthermore, the approach is applied to investigate the total pressure losses in the wake of a lowpressure turbine cascade. It is shown that the hybrid approach delivers total pressure loss fields over a wide Reynolds and Mach number range, which deviate from the highly accurate integral loss coefficients of a conventional loss traverse with probe-based measurement techniques for compressible flows by an absolute maximum of less than 2 %, but which delivers results at a much higher level of spatial resolution. For incompressible flows, the deviations are almost negligible at 1%. The paper presents and discusses the exact methodology for both, the collection of experimental data and the outline of the developed approach.
Combined control method and mechanism analysis for corner separation in a compressor cascade
Authors:   Institute of Aero Engine, Tsinghua University, Ren Xinyu , Meng Tongtong ,   Institute of Aero Engine, Tsinghua University, Ji Lucheng ,   Institute of Aero Engine, Tsinghua University
Published: October 2024

Enhancing the aerodynamic performance of compressors requires a thorough investigation and management of highloss flow in the corner. This study introduces a new combined control method that integrates the Blended Blade and EndWall (BBEW) profile with Vortex Generator (VG) to optimize corner separation on the endwall. To evaluate the effectiveness of the combined control method and explore the fundamental physical principles governing corner separation, numerical simulations of the prototype and combined control design were conducted in a linear cascade. Based on the findings, the BBEW profile increases the angle between the blade and the endwall, allowing low-energy fluid to enter the mainstream more easily. This weakens the boundary layer interaction in the corner region, delaying the start of separation. Additionally, applying VG to the endwall creates downstream vortices that improve mixing between mainstream and low-energy fluid and push the low-energy fluid downward. As a result, viscosity and vorticity near the hub are reduced, effectively minimizing negative effects. VG significantly reduces losses in the 20% to 32% span range while BBEW counteracts the losses introduced by VG in the 5% to 25% range. The combined control method results in the most significant reduction in losses, surpassing the individual effects of VG and BBEW. It effectively eliminates the Corner Vortex (CV) and reduces the Passage Vortex (PV), resulting in a more stable flow. Overall, the combined control approach effectively mitigates corner separation by improving secondary flow and boundary layer interaction, thereby greatly enhancing compressor performance.
Pictorial Riddle Learning Model to Improve Critical Thinking Skills of Fifth-Grade Elementary School Students in Mathematics Learning
Authors: Rosliawati Lia , Aan Yuliyanto  , Daminah Daminah , Fujiarti Ari
Published: October 2024

The research aims to see the improvement of Critical Thinking Skills through pictorial riddle learning. The research method used was classroom action research on mathematics and building cubes and blocks for 21 elementary school students in Pangandaran Regency. The instruments used are observation, tests, interviews, and documentation. This study adopted a quantitative data analysis method, including test sheets measuring students' critical thinking skills and teacher and student observation sheets. Based on the research results, it was found that There was an increase in students' Critical Thinking Skills by using the pictorial riddle learning model, as evidenced by the increase in students' motivation in the learning process, the courage to move forward, students' attention when the teacher explained, the courage to answer questions and student participation in the learning process. This can also be seen from cycle I, with an average score of 74.2 or as many as 10 students who completed out of 21 students with a percentage of (57.1%), then experienced an increase in cycle II with an average of 91.4 or as many as 18 of 21 students completed the percentage (85.7%). The N-Gain criterion value was 0.87>0.7 with high criteria. Thus, the Pictorial Riddle Learning Model can improve students' critical thinking skills in mathematics in elementary schools very well.
Penolong yang Sepadan menurut Kejadian 2:18 terkait Perdebatan Kepemimpinan Wanita dalam Gereja
Authors: Stella Yunita
Published: October 2024

The text of Genesis 2:18 is one of the passages debated by Complementarians and Egalitarians regarding the role of women as "helpers." Complementarians believe that the role of a helper indicates the functional subordination of women to men. According to them, Adam and Eve are spiritually equal, but Eve is not equal to Adam in function because she is his helper. For this reason, Complementarians refuse to place women in positions of leadership in the church. On the other hand, Egalitarians believe that women should have the same opportunities as men, including in church leadership. This study aims to analyze Genesis 2:18 in relation to the debate on women's leadership in the church. The method used is exegesis, to uncover the meaning according to the original author's intent when the text was written. The results of this study indicate that the helper provided by God is not a subordinate, but a partner. Women were created as partners to help their husbands so that God's mandate could be fulfilled through the unity of the two. This context applies to the household, not the church. Therefore, this role should not be used to prohibit women from teaching and leading in the church.
An improved high-resolution method for quantitative separation of empty and filled AAV8 capsids by strong anion exchange HPLC
Authors: Schrecke Samantha , McManus Kevin , Moshfegh Cassandra , Stone Jessica , Nguyen Thuy-Uyen , Rivas Gustavo , Muhamed Ismaeel , Mitchell Daniel A. J.
Published: October 2024

Cell and gene therapy (CGT) is a field of therapeutic medicine that aims to treat, prevent, and cure diseases using engineered cells (stem cells, immune cells, and differentiated adult or fetal cells), vectors [Adeno Associated Virus (AAV), Adeno Virus (AV), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), Baculo Virus (BV), Lenti Virus (LV), Retro Virus (RV), etc.], and other carriers [non-viral vectors, virus-like particles (VLP), Lipid Nano-Particles (LNP), etc.]. Among viral CGT vectors, adeno-associated viruses and lentiviruses (AAV and LV) are the most widely applied vector platforms. The presence of non-functional (empty or non-infectious) vectors that carry null or partial genes in the final drug product is classified as an impurity by the FDA. These impurities impair dosage accuracy and induce non-specific immunogenicity and variability in drug efficacy. These non-functional viral vectors in the drug product need to be elucidated following International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for clinical manufacturing of the final drug product. This article showcases an ion-exchange chromatography (IEX) high-resolution method supporting ICH guidelines using commercially available AAV8 filled and empty capsids as reference standards. Our method successfully separated empty to full capsids with a resolution of 15 and sustained a linearity greater than 0.98 even under a wide range of empty or full viral particle concentrations (E+9 to E+13 vp/mL), which is an upgrade to other IEX capsid separation methods. The medium-throughput capacity and shorter sample processing time improve testing efficiency and save costs while delivering quality as value. The discussed method is a reliable and reproducible platform to precisely evaluate the presence of non-functional viral particles in AAV8 samples. Aligned with other orthogonal results, the method is a powerful tool to improve the quality of rAAV analytics.