bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sea surface temperature predicts the movements of an Arctic cetacean: the bowhead whale
Authors: Chambault Philippine , Albertsen Christoffer Moesgaard , Patterson Toby A. , Hansen Rikke G. , Tervo Outi , Laidre Kristin L. , Heide-Jørgensen Mads Peter
Published: June 2018

The effects of climate change constitute a major concern in Arctic waters due to the rapid decline of sea ice, which may strongly alter the movements and habitat availability of Arctic marine mammals. We tracked 98 bowhead whales by satellite over an 11-year period (2001–2011) in Baffin Bay - West Greenland to investigate the environmental drivers (specifically sea surface temperature and sea ice) involved in bowhead whale’s movements. Movement patterns differed according to season, with aggregations of whales found at higher latitudes during spring and summer likely in response to sea-ice retreat and increasing sea temperature (SST) facilitated by the warm West Greenland Current. In contrast, the whales moved further south in response to sea temperature decrease during autumn and winter. Statistical models indicated that the whales targeted a narrow range of SSTs from −0.5 to 2 °C. Sea surface temperatures are predicted to undergo a marked increase in the Arctic, which could expose bowhead whales to both thermal stress and altered stratification and vertical transport of water masses. With such profound changes, bowhead whales may face extensive habitat loss. Our results highlight the need for closer investigation and monitoring in order to predict the extent of future distribution changes.
Social dominance predicts hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor recruitment and resilience to prenatal adversity
Authors: Gross Moshe , Romi Hava , Miller Ayala , Pinhasov Albert
Published: June 2018

The developing fetus is highly sensitive to prenatal stress, which may alter Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis programming and increase the risk of behavioral disorders. There is high variability among the human population, wherein many offspring of stressed pregnancies display resilience to adversity, while the remainder displays vulnerability. In order to identify biological substrates mediating between resilience or vulnerability to prenatal adversity, we exposed stress-resistant Dominant (Dom) and stress-sensitive Submissive (Sub) mice to mild prenatal restraint stress (PRS, 45 min on gestational days (GD) 15, 16 and 17). We hypothesized that PRS would differentially alter prenatal programming of limbic regions regulating the HPA axis and affect among Dom and Sub offspring. Indeed, PRS increased Sub offspring’s serum corticosterone, and exaggerated their anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, while Dom offspring remained resilient to the hormonal and behavioral consequences of PRS. Moreover, PRS exposure markedly facilitated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) recruitment to the hippocampus among Dom mice in response to restraint stress, which may be responsible for their resilience to stressful challenge. These findings suggest proclivity to adaptive or maladaptive prenatal programming of hippocampal GR recruitment to be inheritable and predictable by social dominance or submissiveness.
Physical Unclonable Function based on a Multi-Mode Optical Waveguide
Authors: Mesaritakis Charis , Akriotou Marialena , Kapsalis Alexandros , Grivas Evangelos , Chaintoutis Charidimos , Nikas Thomas , Syvridis Dimitris
Published: June 2018

Physical unclonable functions are the physical equivalent of one-way mathematical transformations that, upon external excitation, can generate irreversible responses. Exceeding their mathematical counterparts, their inherent physical complexity renders them resilient to cloning and reverse engineering. When these features are combined with their time-invariant and deterministic operation, the necessity to store the responses (keys) in non-volatile means can be alleviated. This pivotal feature, makes them critical components for a wide range of cryptographic-authentication applications, where sensitive data storage is restricted. In this work, a physical unclonable function based on a single optical waveguide is experimentally and numerically validated. The system’s responses consist of speckle-like images that stem from mode-mixing and scattering events of multiple guided transverse modes. The proposed configuration enables the system’s response to be simultaneously governed by multiple physical scrambling mechanisms, thus offering a radical performance enhancement in terms of physical unclonability compared to conventional optical implementations. Additional features like physical re-configurability, render our scheme suitable for demanding authentication applications.
Influencing the adhesion properties and wettability of mucin protein films by variation of the environmental pH
Authors: Sumarokova Maria , Iturri Jagoba , Weber Andreas , Maares Maria , Keil Claudia , Haase Hajo , Toca-Herrera José Luis
Published: June 2018

Mucins, the main component of the mucus secretions of goblet and epithelial cells, are known for exhibiting a different behaviour in accordance with their surrounding environment (i.e. among others the environmental pH), which induces a drastic change in their measured mechanical properties. In this work, we have first employed Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) in Force Spectroscopy mode to evaluate the adhesion of porcine mucin films at the nanoscale, and the changes caused in this particular factor by a pH variation between 7.0 and 4.0, both quite common values in biological conditions. Measurements also involved additional varying factors such as the indenting tip chemistry (hydrophobic vs hydrophilic), its residence time on the measured film (0, 1 and/or 2 seconds), and increasing pulling rates (ranging from 0.1 up to 10 µm/s). A second approach regarded the macroscale behaviour of the films, due to their potential applicability in the development of a new set of stimuli-responsive biomaterials. This was possible by means of complementary Wilhelmy plate method (to test the wetting properties) and cell proliferation studies on films previously exposed to the corresponding pH solution. According to our results, treatment with lowest pH (4.0) provides porcine mucin with a more hydrophilic character, showing a much stronger adhesion for analogous chemistries, as well as enhanced capability for cell attachment and proliferation, which opens new pathways for their future use and consideration as scaffold-forming material.
Effects of copper occupancy on the conformational landscape of peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase
Authors: Maheshwari Sweta , Shimokawa Chizu , Rudzka Katarzyna , Kline Chelsey D. , Eipper Betty A. , Mains Richard E. , Gabelli Sandra B. , Blackburn Ninian , Amzel L. Mario
Published: June 2018

The structures of metalloproteins that use redox-active metals for catalysis are usually exquisitely folded in a way that they are prearranged to accept their metal cofactors. Peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) is a dicopper enzyme that catalyzes hydroxylation of the α-carbon of glycine-extended peptides for the formation of des-glycine amidated peptides. Here, we present the structures of apo-PHM and of mutants of one of the copper sites (H107A, H108A, and H172A) determined in the presence and absence of citrate. Together, these structures show that the absence of one copper changes the conformational landscape of PHM. In one of these structures, a large interdomain rearrangement brings residues from both copper sites to coordinate a single copper (closed conformation) indicating that full copper occupancy is necessary for locking the catalytically competent conformation (open). These data suggest that in addition to their required participation in catalysis, the redox-active metals play an important structural role.
Auto-generated materials database of Curie and Néel temperatures via semi-supervised relationship extraction
Authors: Court Callum J. , Cole Jacqueline M.
Published: June 2018

Large auto-generated databases of magnetic materials properties have the potential for great utility in materials science research. This article presents an auto-generated database of 39,822 records containing chemical compounds and their associated Curie and Néel magnetic phase transition temperatures. The database was produced using natural language processing and semi-supervised quaternary relationship extraction, applied to a corpus of 68,078 chemistry and physics articles. Evaluation of the database shows an estimated overall precision of 73%. Therein, records processed with the text-mining toolkit, ChemDataExtractor, were assisted by a modified Snowball algorithm, whose original binary relationship extraction capabilities were extended to quaternary relationship extraction. Consequently, its machine learning component can now train with ≤ 500 seeds, rather than the 4,000 originally used. Data processed with the modified Snowball algorithm affords 82% precision. Database records are available in MongoDB, CSV and JSON formats which can easily be read using Python, R, Java and MatLab. This makes the database easy to query for tackling big-data materials science initiatives and provides a basis for magnetic materials discovery.
Predictive modelling of the water contact angle of surfaces using attenuated total reflection – Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) chemical imaging and partial least squares regression (PLSR)
Authors: Mukherjee S. , Martínez-González J. Á. , Dowling D. P. , Gowen A. A.
Published: June 2018

A simple method to model and predict the surface wettability using a combination of ATR-FTIR imaging and PLSR modelling.
SABRE hyperpolarization enables high-sensitivity 1H and 13C benchtop NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Richardson Peter M. , Parrott Andrew J. , Semenova Olga , Nordon Alison , Duckett Simon B. , Halse Meghan E.
Published: June 2018

Benchtop NMR spectrometers operating with magnetic fields of 1–2 T at sub-ppm resolution coupled with SABRE hyperpolarization show great promise as analytical platforms that can be used outside the traditional laboratory environment.
Pd/C-catalyzed dehydrogenation of 2-cinnamoylbenzoic acids to 3-benzylidene-3H-isochroman-1,4-diones
Authors: Yang Dejun , Ji Xuan , Zhang Jie , Zhang Chenyang , Li Mingfei , Li Jin , Liu Renhua
Published: June 2018

Pd/C, a widely accepted hydrogenation catalyst, is found to catalytically dehydrogenate 2-cinnamoylbenzoic acids to 3-benzylidene-3-H-isochroman-1,4-diones with H2 as the only byproduct.
An efficient and recyclable ionic diphosphine-based Ir-catalyst for hydroaminomethylation of olefins with H2O as the hydrogen source
Authors: Liu Huan , Yang Da , Wang Dong-Liang , Wang Peng , Lu Yong , Giang VO-Thanh , Liu Ye
Published: June 2018

One-pot tandem hydroaminomethylation with H2O as the hydrogen source was accomplished over an ionic diphosphine-based Ir-catalyst with high efficiency and recyclability.
Steric vs. electronic stereocontrol in syndio- or iso-selective ROP of functional chiral β-lactones mediated by achiral yttrium-bisphenolate complexes
Authors: Ligny Romain , Hänninen Mikko M. , Guillaume Sophie M. , Carpentier Jean-François
Published: June 2018

Electronic vs. steric effects of ligand ortho-substituents in (bis)phenolate yttrium-based complexes for preparation of a large scope of stereoregular poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s.
The efficiency of 18F labelling of a prostate specific membrane antigen ligand via strain-promoted azide–alkyne reaction: reaction speed versus hydrophilicity
Authors: Wang Mengzhe , McNitt Christopher D. , Wang Hui , Ma Xiaofen , Scarry Sarah M. , Wu Zhanhong , Popik Vladimir V. , Li Zibo
Published: June 2018

Here we report the 18F labeling of a prostate specific membrane antigen ligand via a strain promoted oxa-dibenzocyclooctyne- or bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne-azide reaction.
Effect of the metal–support interaction on the activity and selectivity of methanol oxidation over Au supported on mesoporous oxides
Authors: Oh Sunyoung , Kim You Kyung , Jung Chan Ho , Doh Won Hui , Park Jeong Young
Published: June 2018

To elucidate the factors affecting the catalytic properties of supported Au catalysts on the metal oxide support we investigated Au NPs deposited on crystallized mesoporous transition-metal oxides (m-oxides: Co3O4, NiO, and α-Fe2O3) prepared using the nanocasting method.
Structural diversity and magnetic properties of Co(ii)/Mn(ii)/Ni(ii) coordination polymers constructed from an unsymmetrical tetracarboxylic acid and varying N-donor ligands
Authors: Yue Qi , Liu Xu , Guo Wei-Xiao , Gao En-Qing
Published: June 2018

Seven coordination polymers with diverse structures based on an unsymmetrical tetracarboxylate and varying N-donor ligands were prepared. Complex 7 exhibits strong ferromagnetism.
Remarkable decrease in stiffness of aspirin crystals upon reducing crystal size to nanoscale dimensions via sonochemistry
Authors: Hutchins Kristin M. , Rupasinghe Thilini P. , Oburn Shalisa M. , Ray Kamal K. , Tivanski Alexei V. , MacGillivray Leonard R.
Published: June 2018

Nano-dimensional crystals of aspirin generated through sonochemistry exhibit Young's modulus values an order of magnitude softer than macro-dimensional crystals.
Insights on magnesium and sulfate ions’ adsorption on the surface of sodium alumino-silicate hydrate (NASH) gel: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Zhang Yu , Li Tao , Hou Dongshuai , Zhang Jinglin , Jiang Jinyang
Published: June 2018

Mg ions adsorbed on the silicate–aluminate skeleton inhibit the desorption of Na ions and associate with SO4 ions by ionic pairing.
Mechanism of the thermal decomposition of tetramethylsilane: a flash pyrolysis vacuum ultraviolet photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and density functional theory study
Authors: Liu Xinghua , Zhang Jingsong , Vazquez Alexis , Wang Daxi , Li Shuyuan
Published: June 2018

Silene/silyene conversion via 1,2-shift plays an important role in H2 elimination in the process of the thermal decomposition of tetramethylsilane.
Origins of possible synergistic effects in the interactions between metal atoms and MoS2/graphene heterostructures for battery applications
Authors: Fan Jiaxin , Yang Jack , Pham Anh , Li Sean
Published: June 2018

We investigated the origins of synergistic effects for atom absorption/intercalations on MoS2/graphene heterostructuresviafirst-principle simulations.
Atomic hydrogen interactions with gas-phase coronene cations: hydrogenation versus fragmentation
Authors: Rapacioli Mathias , Cazaux Stéphanie , Foley Nolan , Simon Aude , Hoekstra Ronnie , Schlathölter Thomas
Published: June 2018

Competition between hydrogenation and fragmentation of coronene: experimental and theoretical view.
Compositional and structural insights into the nature of the H-cluster precursor on HydF
Authors: Scott Anna G. , Szilagyi Robert K. , Mulder David W. , Ratzloff Michael W. , Byer Amanda S. , King Paul W. , Broderick William E. , Shepard Eric M. , Broderick Joan B.
Published: June 2018

Spectroscopic and computational characterization of loaded HydF reveals that the 2Fe subcluster is a coordinatively saturated Fe(i)–Fe(i) species that contains 4 CO and 2 CN ligands, and is anchored to HydF via coordination to a [4Fe–4S] cluster.
Slow surface passivation and crystal relaxation with additives to improve device performance and durability for tin-based perovskite solar cells
Authors: Jokar Efat , Chien Cheng-Hsun , Fathi Amir , Rameez Mohammad , Chang Yu-Hao , Diau Eric Wei-Guang
Published: June 2018

Ethylenediammonium diiodide (EDAI2) served as an effective additive for tin-based perovskite solar cells to attain a power conversion efficiency approaching 9%.
Transition-metal-free oxidative cyclization of N-propargyl ynamides: stereospecific construction of linear polycyclic N-heterocycles
Authors: Wang Cai-Ming , Qi Lin-Jun , Sun Qing , Zhou Bo , Zhang Zhi-Xin , Shi Zai-Fa , Lin Shui-Chao , Lu Xin , Gong Lei , Ye Long-Wu
Published: June 2018

An efficient NaBArF4-catalyzed oxidative cascade cyclization of N-propargyl ynamides has been developed, leading to a diverse range of polycyclic N-heterocycles with high diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity.
Synthesis of bio-based surfactants from cashew nutshell liquid in water
Authors: Bragoni Valentina , Rit Raja K. , Kirchmann Robin , Trita A. Stefania , Gooßen Lukas J.
Published: June 2018

Bio-based surfactants have been synthesisedviaan environment-friendly, waste-minimised procedure starting from CNSL, an inedible waste product of the cashew nut industry.
Developments in toxicogenomics: understanding and predicting compound-induced toxicity from gene expression data
Authors: Alexander-Dann Benjamin , Pruteanu Lavinia Lorena , Oerton Erin , Sharma Nitin , Berindan-Neagoe Ioana , Módos Dezső , Bender Andreas
Published: June 2018

This review highlights developing methods in the toxicogenomics field and their applications to understanding and predicting compound induced toxicity.
The first heterocubane cluster with a [W3GaS4] core
Authors: Petrov Pavel A. , Nadolinny Vladimir A. , Bogomyakov Artem S. , Sukhikh Taisiya S.
Published: June 2018

The paramagnetic cuboidal clusters [Mo3(GaCl)(μ3-S)4(dppe)3Cl3] and [W3(GaBr)0.81(μ3-S)4(dppe)3Br3] were synthesized by treatment of the corresponding triangular clusters [M3S4(dppe)3X3]X with [Ga(η5-C5Me5)]6.
A nano-composite of magnetite and hot-water-soluble starch: a cooperation resulting in an amplified catalytic activity on water
Authors: Razikazemi Sanaz , Rad-Moghadam Kurosh , Toorchi-Roudsari Saeedeh
Published: June 2018

A cooperation between magnetite and hot-water-soluble starch led to an efficient catalytic activity of their nano-composite in the pseudo three-component synthesis of bis-coumarins and xanthenes.
Two new hexanuclear titanium oxo cluster types and their structural connection to known clusters
Authors: Czakler Matthias , Artner Christine , Schubert Ulrich
Published: June 2018

Ti6O6(OiPr)2(OOCR′)10 (R′ = C4H7, Et) and Ti6O3(OiPr)14(OOC–CHCH–COO)2 represent new structure types of carboxylate-substituted clusters with a Ti6Ox core (x = 3–6).
A new water stable zinc metal organic framework as an electrode material for hydrazine sensing
Authors: Sohail Manzar , Altaf Muhammad , Baig Nadeem , Jamil Rabia , Sher Muhammad , Fazal Atif
Published: June 2018

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as direct electrode materials for electrochemical sensing can offer inherent advantages such as containing sensing element and redox mediator in a single molecule.
A polyaniline inverse opal/nanofiber network film fabricated at an air–water interface
Authors: Wang Likui , Jin Lingyi , Shi Gang , Liu Yun , Yao Bolong , Li Chengdong , Li Yunxing
Published: June 2018

An air–water interface polymerization method for producing Janus polyaniline films with inverse opal and nanofiber network at its two sides.
Controlled fabrication of collagen-zinc phosphate hierarchical hybrid nanoflowers via a biomineralization process
Authors: Munyemana Jean Claude , He Huixia , Ding Shenglong , Yin Jie , Xi Pinxian , Xiao Jianxi
Published: June 2018

Collagen-zinc phosphate hierarchical hybrid nanoflowers have been synthesized via a facile and environmentally amiable biomineralization strategy.
Pd/C-catalyzed reductive carbonylation of nitroaromatics for the synthesis of unsymmetrical ureas: one-step synthesis of neburon
Authors: Li Chong-Liang , Peng Jin-Bao , Qi Xinxin , Ying Jun , Wu Xiao-Feng
Published: June 2018

A Pd/C catalyzed reductive carbonylation of nitroarenes for the synthesis of unsymmetrical ureas has been developed.
Visible light driven water splitting through an innovative Cu-treated-δ-MnO2 nanostructure: probing enhanced activity and mechanistic insights
Authors: Natarajan Kaushik , Saraf Mohit , Mobin Shaikh M.
Published: June 2018

A facile synthesis of Cu-treated δ-MnO2 thin films on a FTO substrate yields a photocurrent of up to 3.59 mA cm−2 (at 0 V vs. RHE) for the hydrogen evolution reaction in a photoelectrochemical cell under simulated solar illumination (1000 W m−2).
Superior stability of a bifunctional oxygen electrode for primary, rechargeable and flexible Zn–air batteries
Authors: Xu Nengneng , Cai Yixiao , Peng Luwei , Qiao Jinli , Wang Yu-Dong , Chirdon William M. , Zhou Xiao-Dong
Published: June 2018

Central to commercializing metal–air batteries is the development of highly efficient and stable catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER).
One-step synthesis of red/green dual-emissive carbon dots for ratiometric sensitive ONOO− probing and cell imaging
Authors: Liu Juanjuan , Dong Yanyan , Ma Yunxia , Han Yangxia , Ma Sudai , Chen Hongli , Chen Xingguo
Published: June 2018

Red/green dual-emissive carbon dots were synthesized and utilized as a ratiometric fluorescent probe for the determination of trace ONOO−.
Auto-oxidation promoted sp3 C–H arylation of glycine derivatives
Authors: Wei Yuanyuan , Wang Jie , Wang Yajun , Yao Xiaoqiang , Yang Caixia , Huo Congde
Published: June 2018

An auto-oxidation promoted sp3 C–H arylation reaction between N-aryl glycine derivatives and electron-rich arenes, leading to the formation of N-aryl α-aryl α-amino acid derivatives, is described. This atom-economical and environmentally benign reaction proceeds smoothly under mild reaction conditions and requires only Brønsted acid and oxygen (balloon). A plausible radical involved mechanism is proposed.
Total synthesis and structural revision of (±)-nidemone
Authors: Hsu Day-Shin , Liou Chang-Yan
Published: June 2018

Total synthesis and structural revision of (±)-nidemone have been accomplished from 6-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (5) in either six or eight synthetic steps.
Understanding the side-chain effects on A–D–A acceptors: in-plane and out-of-plane
Authors: Liu Qishi , Xiao Zuo , Li Ting , Yang Shangfeng , You Wei , Wang Mingkui , Ding Liming
Published: June 2018

The in-plane and out-of-plane alkyl chains significantly affect the acceptors’ solubility and photovoltaic performance. NNFA[6, 6] and NNFA[12, 3] with medium solubility present suitable miscibility with the donor material, affording more favorable morphology and higher performance than other NNFAs.
Prolactin as immune cell regulator inToxocara canissomatic larvae chronic infection
Authors: Río-Araiza Víctor Hugo Del , Nava-Castro Karen Elizabeth , Alba-Hurtado Fernando , Quintanar-Stephano Andrés , Aguilar-Díaz Hugo , Muñoz-Guzmán Marco Antonio , Ostoa-Saloma Pedro , Ponce-Regalado María Dolores , Morales-Montor Jorge
Published: June 2018

Toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease produced by ingestion of larval Toxocara spp. eggs. Prolactin (PRL) has been considered to have an important role in Toxocara canis infection. Recent evidence has found that PRL directly can increase parasite growth and differentiation of T. canis. The present study, evaluated the effect of high PRL levels on the immune system’s response and parasites clearance in chronic infection. Our results showed that hyperprolactinemia did not affect the number of larvae recovered from several tissues in rats. Parasite-specific antibody production, showed no difference between the groups. Lung tissue presented eosinophilic granulomas typical of a chronic infection in all the experimental groups. Flow cytometry analysis was made in order to determine changes in the percentage of innate and adaptive immune cell subpopulations in the spleen, peripheric (PLN) and mesenteric (MLN) lymphatic nodes. The results showed a differential effect of PRL and infection on different immune compartments in the percent of total T cells, T helper cells, T cytotoxic cells, B cells, NK cells, and Tγδ cells. To our knowledge, for the first time it is demonstrated that PRL can have an immunomodulatory role during T. canis chronic infection in the murine host.
Multilevel delay lock loop approach for wall clutter mitigation in through‐the‐wall radar imaging
Authors: Zheng Chen , Xi Xiaoli , Song Zhongguo , Zhang Kai
Published: June 2018

Wall clutter mitigation is important in through‐the‐wall imaging (TWI) because the target information is often buried in the wall's reflections, especially when the target is located close to the wall. A new wall clutter mitigation method is proposed based on the multilevel delay lock loop (M‐DLL) technique. The M‐DLL structure uses the M‐sequences’ phase information sequentially remove the direct wave, wall's primary echo and the multiple echoes, then the rest part of the signal is used to probe and estimate the position of the target. The M‐DLL can obtain the precise correlation of the signal, and the rest target echo has an enhanced signal‐to‐noise ratio. This method is used in TWI as a new technique, and the results compared with other methods show that it has an excellent detectability and a good anti‐jamming performance.
SMES based a new PID controller for frequency stability of a real hybrid power system considering high wind power penetration
Authors: Magdy Gaber , Mohamed Emad A. , Shabib G. , Elbaset Adel A. , Mitani Yasunori
Published: June 2018

This study proposes a coordination of load frequency control (LFC) and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) technology (i.e. auxiliary LFC) using a new optimal PID controller‐based moth swarm algorithm (MSA) in Egyptian Power System (EPS) considering high wind power penetration (HWPP) (as a future planning of the EPS). This strategy is proposed for compensating the EPS frequency deviation, preventing the conventional generators from exceeding their power ratings during load disturbances, and mitigating the power fluctuations from wind power plants. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed coordinated control strategy, the EPS considering HWPP was tested by the MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation. The convention generation system of the EPS is decomposed into three dynamics subsystems; hydro, reheat and non‐reheat power plants. Moreover, the physical constraints of the governors and turbines such as generation rate constraints of power plants and speed governor dead band (i.e. backlash) are taking into consideration. The results reveal the superior robustness of the proposed coordination against all scenarios of different load profiles, and system uncertainties in the EPS considering HWPP. Moreover, the results have been confirmed by comparing it with both; the optimal LFC with/without the effect of conventional SMES, which without modifying the input control signal.
Method for InSAR/INS navigation system based on interferogram matching
Authors: Jiang Shuai , Wang Bingnan , Xiang Maosheng , Fu Xikai , Sun Xiaofan
Published: June 2018

Current navigation systems have a number of drawbacks including no cross‐line resolution in terrain‐aided navigation; scene matching affected by seasonal changes; terrain‐aided navigation and synthetic aperture radar (SAR)‐aided navigation system cannot adapt to rugged terrain. Therefore, this study proposes an integrated interferometric SAR‐aided inertial navigation system (InSAR/INS) based on interferogram matching. Terrain undulation and platform attitude can be reflected in the interferometric phase; hence, interferogram matching can provide location shift information. The authors introduce InSAR/INS processing flow, interferogram matching theory, and attitude and position inversion models. Experimental results verify that the proposed approach inverses attitude and position with high precision, and confirm the validity of the proposed InSAR/INS approach.
Dynamic optimal experimental design yields marginal improvement over steady‐state results for computational maximisation of regulatory T‐cell induction in ex vivo culture
Authors: Sinkoe Andrew , Jayaraman Arul , Hahn Juergen
Published: June 2018

The isolation of T cells, followed by differentiation into Regulatory T cells (Tregs), and re‐transplantation into the body has been proposed as a therapeutic option for inflammatory bowel disease. A key requirement for making this a viable therapeutic option is the generation of a large population of Tregs. However, cytokines in the local microenvironment can impact the yield of Tregs during differentiation. As such, experimental design is an essential part of evaluating the importance of different cytokine concentrations for Treg differentiation. However, currently only single, constant concentrations of the cytokines have been investigated. This work addresses this point by performing experimental design in silico which seeks to maximize the predicted induction of Tregs relative to Th17 cells, by selecting an optimal input function for the concentrations of TGF‐β, IL‐2, IL‐6, and IL‐23. While this approach sounds promising, the results show that only marginal improvements in the concentration of Tregs can be achieved for dynamic cytokine profiles as compared to optimal constant concentrations. Since constant concentrations are easier to implement in experiments, it is recommended for this particular system to keep the concentrations constant where IL‐6 should be kept low and high concentrations of TGF‐β, IL‐2, and IL‐23 should be used.
Identification of essential proteins based on a new combination of topological and biological features in weighted protein–protein interaction networks
Authors: Elahi Abdolkarim , Babamir Seyed Morteza
Published: June 2018

The identification of essential proteins in protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks is not only important in understanding the process of cellular life but also useful in diagnosis and drug design. The network topology‐based centrality measures are sensitive to noise of network. Moreover, these measures cannot detect low‐connectivity essential proteins. The authors have proposed a new method using a combination of topological centrality measures and biological features based on statistical analyses of essential proteins and protein complexes. With incomplete PPI networks, they face the challenge of false‐positive interactions. To remove these interactions, the PPI networks are weighted by gene ontology. Furthermore, they use a combination of classifiers, including the newly proposed measures and traditional weighted centrality measures, to improve the precision of identification. This combination is evaluated using the logistic regression model in terms of significance levels. The proposed method has been implemented and compared to both previous and more recent efficient computational methods using six statistical standards. The results show that the proposed method is more precise in identifying essential proteins than the previous methods. This level of precision was obtained through the use of four different data sets: YHQ‐W, YMBD‐W, YDIP‐W and YMIPS‐W.
Three-dimensional magnetic reconnection in a collapsing coronal loop system
Authors: O’Flannagain Aidan M. , Maloney Shane A. , Gallagher Peter T. , Browning Philippa , Refojo Jose
Published: June 2018

Context. Magnetic reconnection is believed to be the primary mechanism by which non-potential energy stored in coronal magnetic fields is rapidly released during solar eruptive events. Unfortunately, owing to the small spatial scales on which reconnection is thought to occur, it is not directly observable in the solar corona. However, larger scale processes, such as associated inflow and outflow, and signatures of accelerated particles have been put forward as evidence of reconnection.

Aims. Using a combination of observations we explore the origin of a persistent Type I radio source that accompanies a coronal X-shaped structure during its passage across the disk. Of particular interest is the time range around a partial collapse of the structure that is associated with inflow, outflow, and signatures of particle acceleration.

Methods. Imaging radio observations from the Nançay Radioheliograph were used to localise the radio source. Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) AIA extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations from the same time period were analysed, looking for evidence of inflows and outflows. Further mpole magnetic reconstructions using SDO HMI observations allowed the magnetic connectivity associated with the radio source to be determined.

Results. The Type I radio source was well aligned with a magnetic separator identified in the extrapolations. During the partial collapse, gradual (1 km s−1) and fast (5 km s−1) inflow phases and fast (30 km s−1) and rapid (80–100 km s−1) outflow phases were observed, resulting in an estimated reconnection rate of ∼0.06. The radio source brightening and dimming was found to be co-temporal with increased soft X-ray emission observed in both Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES).

Conclusions. We interpret the brightening and dimming of the radio emission as evidence for accelerated electrons in the reconnection region responding to a gradual fall and rapid rise in electric drift velocity, in response to the inflowing and outflowing field lines. These results present a comprehensive example of 3D null-point reconnection.
Water and interstellar complex organics associated with the HH 212 protostellar disc
Authors: Codella C. , Bianchi E. , Tabone B. , Lee C.-F. , Cabrit S. , Ceccarelli C. , Podio L. , Bacciotti F. , Bachiller R. , Chapillon E. , Gueth F. , Gusdorf A. , Lefloch B. , Leurini S. , Pineau des Forêts G. , Rygl K. L. J. , Tafalla M.
Published: June 2018

Context.The unprecedented combination of high-sensitivity and high angular resolution provided by the ALMA interferometer allows us to shed light on the processes leading to the formation of the jet-disc system associated with a Sun-like mass protostar.

Aims.We investigate the physical and chemical properties of the gas associated with water and interstellar complex organic molecules around a protostar on solar system scales.

Methods.The HH 212 protostellar system, in Orion B, has been mapped, thanks to ALMA-Band 7 Cycle 1 and Cycle 4 observations of dueterated water (HDO) and acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) emission with an angular resolution down to ~0.′′15 (60 au).

Results.Many emission lines due to 14 CH3CHO and 1 HDO transitions at high excitation (Eubetween 163 and 335 K) have been imaged in the inner ~70 au region. The local thermal equilibrium analysis of the CH3CHO emission leads to a temperature of 78 ± 14 K and a column density of 7.6 ± 3.2 × 1015cm−2, which, whenNH2of 1024cm−2is assumed, leads to an abundance ofXCH3CHO≃ 8 × 10−9. The large velocity gradient analysis of the HDO emission also places severe constraints on the volume density,nH2≥ 108cm−3. The line profiles are 5–7 km s−1wide, and CH3CHO and HDO both show a ±2 km s−1velocity gradient over a size of ~70 au (blue-shifted emission towards the north-west and red-shifted emission towards the south-east) along the disc equatorial plane, in agreement with what was found so far using other molecular tracers.

Conclusions.The kinematics of CH3CHO and HDO are consistent with the occurrence of a centrifugal barrier, that is, the infalling envelope-rotating disc ring, which is chemically enriched through low-velocity accretion shocks. The emission radius is ~60 au, in good agreement with what was found before for another interstellar complex organic molecule such as NH2CHO. We support a vertical structure for the centrifugal barrier, suggesting the occurrence of two outflowing, expanding, and rotating rings above and below (of about 40–45 au) the optically thick equatorial disc plane. It is tempting to speculate that these rings could probe the basis of a wind launched from this region.
Hot prominence detected in the core of a coronal mass ejection
Authors: Susino R. , Bemporad A. , Jejčič S. , Heinzel P.
Published: June 2018

Context. We study an erupting prominence embedded in the core of a coronal mass ejection that occurred on August 2, 2000, and focus on deriving the plasma filling factor of the prominence.

Aims. We explore two methods for measuring this factor along the line of sight. They are based on a combination of visible-light and ultraviolet spectroscopic observations.

Methods. Theoretical relationships for resonant scattering and collisional excitation were used to evaluate the intensity of the neutral hydrogen Lyman-α and Lyman-β lines in two prominence points where simultaneous and cospatial LASCO-C2 and UVCS data were available. Thermodynamic and geometrical parameters assumed for the calculation (i.e., electron column density, kinetic temperature, flow velocity, chromospheric Lyα and Lyβ intensities and profiles, and thickness of the prominence along the line of sight) are provided by both observations and the results of a detailed 1D non-local thermal equilibrium (non-LTE) radiative-transfer model of the prominence, developed in our previous work. The geometrical filling factor was derived from comparing the calculated and measured intensities of the two lines. The results were then checked against the non-LTE model in order to verify the reliability of the methods.

Results. The resulting filling factors are consistent with the model in both prominence points when the radiative and collisional components of the total intensity of the hydrogen lines are separated using the Lyα and Lyβ line intensities, which is required to estimate the filling factor. The exploration of the parameter space shows that the results are weakly sensitive to the plasma flow velocity, but depend more strongly on the assumed kinetic temperatures.

Conclusions. The combination of visible-light and ultraviolet Lyα and Lyβ data can be used to approximately estimate the line-of-sight geometrical filling factor in erupting prominences, but the proposed technique, which is model dependent, is reliable only for emission that is optically thin in the lines considered, a condition that is not in general representative of prominence plasma.
Experimental study of polymethyl methacrylate: damage under corona discharge
Authors: Kireche Nora , Rondot Sébastien , Bitam-Megherbi Ferroudja , Jbara Omar , Gilliot Mickael , Patat Jean-Marc
Published: June 2018

In high-voltage applications, insulators may be exposed to corona discharges during long periods. In this experimental work, corona discharge tests of different durations are carried out in air at atmospheric pressure on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) samples. The resulting surface degradation is studied with several techniques. The surface damages are observed with environmental scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy. The results show that electrical trees occur on the surface of material and their distribution depends on the corona discharge duration. The chemical changes on PMMA surface are analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a chemical degradation mechanism is proposed. Evolution of surface resistivity with corona aging is also implemented by using a classical I(V) method. In addition, to study the dielectric behavior of PMMA, the monitoring of kinetics of the trapped charge under electron irradiation in a scanning electron microscope is performed. The charging ability of PMMA under electron irradiation and its time constant of charging decrease with electrical aging.
Design and Implementation of Power Communication System SDH Network Simulation Tool Based on EXATA
Authors: zhang Geng , Wang Yang , Ding Huixia , Ren Yidan
Published: June 2018

The power communication system based on synchronous digital hierarchy(SDH) optical, transmission technology is an important component to ensure the safety and stability of power network. After, years of development, the network has been gradually mature, but it still has many problems, such as the weak, structure of the communication network, insufficient network transmission capacity, weak network access and network management. Therefore, it is necessary to do the research and take simulation for the power communication system based on SDH optical transmission technology. The paper builds up the simulation, platform of SDH network in power communication system based on the EXATA simulation tools. For SDH, device, we implemented functions including multiplexing, demultiplexing and digital cross-connection. And, the simulation analysis provides a great theoretical support for constructing equipment models and network, topology.
Construction and Evaluation of Defense-in-Depth architecture in SCADA System
Authors: Zhou Xiaojun , Xu Zhen , Wang Liming , Chen Kai , Chen Cong , Zhang Wei
Published: June 2018

The increasing use of common computer technologies in SCADA systems has brought convenience and at the same time introduced unprecedented security threats. SCADA system is becoming an attacker's target day by day. As attackers gain more understanding of industrial control systems, attacker's attack methods are more and more sophisticated, and the attack intensity is also increasing day by day. Faced with many security threats and risks, traditional security precautions cannot be effectively implemented. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved SCADA defense system, and evaluates it by using a variety of attacks. Experiments show that the defense-in-depth model we proposed is very effective against a variety of attacks.
Kill Chain for Industrial Control System
Authors: Zhou Xiaojun , Xu Zhen , Wang Liming , Chen Kai , Chen Cong , Zhang Wei
Published: June 2018

Attacks in industrial control systems vary widely and are influenced by many factors, including the intent of the attacker, the capabilities of the attacker, the sophistication of the attacking techniques, and his familiarity with the industrial control systems and industrial processes. Attacks against industrial control systems are not a simple network intrusion, but are accomplished through a series of activities to achieve precise attack. This article expands the cyber kill chain model to improve it so that it can be applied to industrial control systems to ensure that defenders in industrial control can understand the attackers' attack activities so as to reasonably allocate limited security resources, take effective security measures and make well-informed risk management decision.
Research on the Prediction Model of Transformer Bidding
Authors: Ming LI , Yan-hao LIU , Yi-ping YUAN , Shi-wen ZHANG
Published: June 2018

Aiming at the problem of transformer manufacturing enterprises bidding is lacking scientific theoretical guidance and low bid probability, in order to predict the next bid price, based on principal component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural network (ANN) pre-tender estimate forecast model is proposed. The model uses PCA to preprocess the original high dimensional data, select principal components (PC) as the radial basis function (RBF) neural network's input. PCA eliminates the correlation of the input variables, at the same time of simplifying the structure of ANN, improving the accuracy of the prediction model. The simulation results show the applicability of the pre-tender estimate forecast model.
Design of Three-Section Current Protection Experimental Device for Single
Authors: Xiaodong Bao , Yongzhi Wang , Liang Jin
Published: June 2018

Based on the design idea of microcomputer protection, a set of three-section current protection, experimental device was designed by using MCU. Using MCU as the core control of experimental device, the circuits were designed, including the passive filter, current acquisition and signal output; real-ti me, current data were collected. When the current exceeded the setting value, the three-section protection had the single hop or linkage, thereby sending out a tripping signalto the simulated circuit breaker. By testing, the device could store data such as real-time acquisition of the current, alarm, tripping and closing in local database and cloud database, and realize remote monitoring and analysis of devices through cloud service., The device basically reached the goal of laboratory experiment teaching.
Simulation of the Spiking Neural Network based on Practical Memristor
Authors: Zhu Xi , Sun Yi , Liu Haijun , Li Qingjiang , Xu Hui
Published: June 2018

In order to gain a better understanding of the brain and explore biologically-inspired computation, significant attention is being paid to research into the spike-based neural computation. Spiking neural network (SNN), which is inspired by the understanding of observed biological structure, has been increasingly applied to pattern recognition task. In this work, a single layer SNN architecture based on the characteristics of spiking timing dependent plasticity (STDP) in accordance with the actual test of the device data has been proposed. The device data is derived from the Ag/GeSe/TiN fabricated memristor. The network has been tested on the MNIST dataset, and the classification accuracy attains 90.2%. Furthermore, the impact of device instability on the SNN performance has been discussed, which can propose guidelines for fabricating memristors used for SNN architecture based on STDP characteristics.
An effective method for quality control of the thermocouple
Authors: Wang Tingting , Yan Yajun , Yuan Yiwen , Ma Zhuang , Zhang Ailiang , Chen Youyu , Yu Yimin
Published: June 2018

As a basic testing element, the thermocouples are widely used in the safety and energy efficiency testing of the electronic and electrical products, new energy products and so on. The accuracy of all thermocouples can't be assured for they are mostly calibrated by sampling. In view of this situation, an efficient and convenient method for the intermediate check of the thermocouple is proposed in this paper. Taking 0 degree and 100 degree which can be easily obtained in the nature as the reference standard temperature, the deviation of the testing thermocouples and the reference standard temperature can be determined and the qualification rate of the thermocouples can be obtained. This method can promote the quality control of the laboratory.
Design and Implementation of Electronically Controlled On-off Prism based on WSNs
Authors: Guo Wei , Bai Yun , Zhang Peng , Liu Xiaolu
Published: June 2018

Aiming at the problem of multiple prisms recognition in a narrow field angle in the application of TPS automatic measurement, a novel prism node is designed and implemented. Based on WSNs, measuring prism and electrically controlled dimming glass are grouped together as a prism node. It can easily switch between the fuzzy or the transparent state, to help TPS search and observe the correct prism automatically. Its feasibility is verified by experiments, which greatly simplifies the complexity of engineering installation and operation.
Electromagnetic Isolation and Electrical Protection in Spacecraft General Assembly
Authors: Botao Xu , Zhikai Fang , Bin Zhang , Jinghui Lv , Yugang Liu
Published: June 2018

Spacecraft is always equipotential connected. Faults in grounding cause electromagnetic dysfunction for airborne equipment or subsystems, which can be fatal for a satellite mission. Consequences of electromagnetic problems were evaluated in his paper on system level, and typical scenarios of electromagnetic interference were analysed, based on which a recommended system grounding model was put forward. In the end, measures for electromagnetic isolation and protection in spacecraft general assembly were introduced and analysed.