bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Safety and Traffic Efficiency of Mixed Traffic Flows in the Converging Section of a Super-Freeway Ramp
Authors: Yu Quan , Lei Linlong , Bao Yuqi , Wang Li
Published: October 2022

On-ramp merging areas are essential parts of freeways. The merging behavior of vehicles is the main factor affecting the continuity of freeway traffic flow, which determines the capacity of the main freeway line. With the development of innovative car technology, ACC technology has been widely used in actual vehicles. At the same time, the public’s demand for freeway-speed improvement is increasing. However, the evaluative research on freeway-speed-improvement schemes, safety, and efficiency, is incomplete. Therefore, this paper aims at the study of the mixed traffic flow of ACC and human-driven vehicles, simultaneously increasing the maximum speed limit to 140 km/h, and establishes a ramp-entry model through the SUMO simulation platform. The traffic-flow parameters upstream of the ramp entry and downstream of the weaving area are analyzed, including the flow, average speed, headway, and lane-change rate. The influence of the driving conditions for mixed ACC vehicles with different proportions in the ramp-merging scenario is analyzed from efficiency and safety perspectives. Studies have shown that mixing ACC vehicles can improve the safety and efficiency of the road, and the increase in the maximum speed limit has limited road capacity. When considering the inclusion of ACC vehicles, increasing the maximum speed limit can improve the operating efficiency of the road.
Designing Sustainable Services for Cities: Adopting a Systemic Perspective in Service Design Experiments
Authors: Villari Beatrice
Published: October 2022

Cities provide a privileged context for observing environmental, social, political, and economic changes. They offer great opportunities for experimentation, often becoming laboratories for innovative practices in different fields of research. This article describes how Service Design can concretely contribute to promoting sustainable and inclusive services at the city level by adopting participatory, collaborative, and multi-stakeholder processes. In particular, the article analyses, through a literature review, the evolution of service design applied to complex and large-scale systems, identifying in the recent conceptualization of service ecosystem design the framework for designing sustainable and inclusive solutions in urban contexts. Two design studios were developed through a collaborative design process to link theory and practice. Three examples of service concepts are described as experiments in transformative service design practices that incorporate systems thinking. The article explains how service designers can deal with complex and large-scale transformations in terms of sustainable urban services and outlines a service design process and some design and research implications related to the ability to adapt to uncertainty and incorporate complexity as design elements.
Exploring Factors of Middle School Teachers’ Satisfaction with Online Training for Sustainable Professional Development under the Impact of COVID-19
Authors: Wu Wentao , Hu Ran , Tan Ruxuan , Liu Hehai
Published: October 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, as offline learning activities were blocked, teachers’ training activities were moved from face-to-face to online training. Therefore, teachers had to join an increasing number of online training sessions. However, few studies have focused on teachers’ satisfaction with online training. To address this gap, based on the American user satisfaction theory model (ACSI), this study established the factors of expectation of online training quality, perceived online training quality, perceived online training value, and teacher satisfaction with online learning, and aimed to explore their relationships with six hypotheses. A total of 397 middle school teachers who had online training experience participated in the survey through an online questionnaire. SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 23.0 were used to analyze the data. The results showed that (1) expectation of online training quality was positively correlated with perceived online training quality; (2) expectation of online training quality was negatively correlated with perceived online training value; (3) perceived online training quality was positively correlated with perceived online training value; and (4) perceived online training value was positively correlated with online training satisfaction. The findings imply that teachers should be informed in advance of various difficulties that may be encountered in online training, so as to reduce their expectations of online training quality. In addition, in order to improve teachers’ perceived quality and perceived value of online training, intervention strategies should be proposed, online training platforms should be optimized, and online training methods should be innovated to improve teachers’ sustainable development ability.
Differential Physiological Traits, Ion Homeostasis and Cane Yield of Sub-Tropical Sugarcane Varieties in Response to Long-Term Salinity Stress
Authors: Dhansu Pooja , Kumar Ravinder , Kumar Ashwani , Vengavasi Krishnapriya , Raja Arun K. , Vasantha Srinivasavedantham , Meena Mintu Ram , Kulshreshtha Neeraj , Pandey Shashi K.
Published: October 2022

Sugarcane grown under a wide range of agro-climatic conditions accounts for ~80% of the sugar production worldwide. Since sugarcane productivity is severely affected by abiotic stresses and hence, an experiment was conducted for two consecutive years during 2020 and 2021 on popular sub-tropical sugarcane varieties. The experiment was laid out in two-factorial RBD consisting of nine sugarcane genotypes (Co 98014, Co 0118, Co 0238, Co 05011, Co 06034, Co 09022, Co 12029, Co 15023 and Co 15027) and salinity treatments (Control, ECiw ~ 4, 8 and 12 dS m−1) in 5 replications. Two budded setts were planted in pots and irrigated with saline water of respective levels till formative phase and observed the build-up in electrical conductivity of soil extract (ECse) from 0.48 (control) to 2.99, 4.81 and 7.08; while further saline irrigation increased the ECse values to 4.48, 6.24 and 9.33 dS m−1 in treatments ECiw ~ 4, 8 and 12 dS m−1, respectively. Increase in soil EC decreased plant survival by 24.1, 47.0 and 79.6% under continued irrigation of ECiw ~ 4, 8, 12 dS m−1 with respect to control. Continued saline irrigation caused significant reduction in growth, which was associated with reduction in relative water content (RWC) and gas exchange traits. RWC decreased by 4.91 to 21.9%, chlorophyll content by 8.46 to 32.75%, photosynthetic rate (Pn) by 16.85 to 91.44%, stomatal conductance by 14.96 to 84.25%, transpiration rate by 14.13% to 89.8% and chlorophyll fluorescence by 5.33 to 42.67% from ECiw ~ 4 to 12 dS m−1, respectively. Significant variations in Na+ and K+ ion content was observed under elevated saline condition in roots, leaves and juice extract of genotypes. Na+/K+ ratio, an important trait for screening salinity tolerance, increased in all genotypes as compared to control, the increase was predominant in susceptible varieties. Single cane weight (SCW) was drastically affected by saline irrigation, with a reduction of 36.4, 68.5 and 83.5% at ECiw ~ 4, 8 and 12 dS m−1, respectively as compared to control, with similar declining trend in juice quality. Based on our results, Co 0238, Co 0118 and Co 98014 were tolerant to salinity stress by maintaining higher Pn, lower leaf Na+/K+ ratio, higher SCW and higher juice sucrose content.
The Impact of Green Advertising Information Quality Perception on Consumers’ Response: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Wang Jianming , Li Ayong
Published: October 2022

Green advertising is one of the important tools for companies to carry out marketing activities, and it is especially important for green brand owners to improve the persuasive effect of green advertising. Existing studies focus on the effectiveness of green advertising from the level of message content and message expression, but there is little research to assess the advertising effectiveness of green advertising being “well said” from the perspective of message quality. This article constructs a theoretical framework based on the theory of communication persuasion to assess the effect of perceived message quality on the consumer’s green response to green advertising. Study 1 constructs an econometric regression model by crawling unstructured data, such as green ad review texts through Python, and verifies that consumers’ green responses (green purchase intention and green sharing intention) are mainly influenced by green ad information usefulness, information attractiveness and information truthfulness. Study 2 further tested the direct role of perceived green advertising information quality on the consumer’s green response by constructing structural equation models with situational experimental data, and verified the mediating role of green competence trust and green value trust in the process of perceived green advertising information quality influence on the consumer’s green response. These findings provide a new theoretical perspective on the effectiveness of green advertising, while providing practical guidance for green brand owners to develop green advertising strategies and assess green advertising quality.
The Unknown Carnival of Terceira Island (Azores, Portugal): Community, Heritage, and Identity on Stage
Authors: Marcelli Andrea Mattia , Sousa Francisco , Fonseca Josélia , Silva Leonor Sampaio da , Melotti Marxiano , Costa Susana Goulart
Published: October 2022

Terceira Island hosts a Carnival that enjoys unique features in the landscape of European folklore. It involves a major share of the resident population, it takes place on stages scattered all over the island, and it involves a blend of dancing, music, and acting. This paper presents the preliminary results of a collaborative project between native and foreign scholars, with the activist goal of providing Terceira’s Carnival with visibility in order to ensure its preservation. Documentary evidence and fieldwork activities undertaken in 2020 provide grounds to interpret Terceira’s Carnival as a multi-modal endeavour that nurtures social cohesion through mythopoesis, subversion of hegemonic roles, and the distribution of leadership to folk elites. As such, we argue that Terceira’s Carnival does not fit traditional scholarly views on European Carnivals. Additionally, we show that, thanks to its ability to trigger identity-making processes, this Carnival is a case for cultural sustainability: in fact, it ensures the preservation of communal bonds in face of changing global and regional social landscapes.
Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting and H2 Generation Enhancement Using an Effective Surface Modification of W-Doped TiO2 Nanotubes (WT) with Co-Deposition of Transition Metal Ions
Authors: Mohammadi Tecush , Sharifi Somayeh , Ghayeb Yousef , Sharifi Tayebeh , Momeni Mohamad Mohsen
Published: October 2022

W-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays (WT) were fabricated by in situ electrochemical anodization of titanium substrate. The results of the influence of different photo-deposited transition ions (CrxFe1−x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) on the surface of WT on photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting and H2 generation are presented. The crystallinities, structural, elemental, and absorption analysis were conducted by XRD, SEM, RAMAN, EDX, and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, which demonstrated anatase as the main crystalline phase of TiO2, and the existence of CrxFe1−x (nano)particles/film deposited on the surface of WT. The SEM images revealed that the deposition rate and morphology are highly related to the ratio of Cr and Fe ions. Under visible light illumination, the entire photoelectrodes showed a very good response to light with stable photocurrent density. PEC measurements revealed that the mixture of transition ions with a certain ratio of ions (Cr0.8Fe0.2–T) led to enhanced photocurrent density more than that of other modifiers due to decreasing charge recombination as well as improving the charge transfer. Moreover, PEC water splitting was conducted in an alkaline solution and the Cr0.8Fe0.2–T photoelectrode generated 0.85 mL cm−2 h−1 H2, which is over two times that of pristine WT.
Spatio-Temporal Evolution Characteristics and Spatial Differences in Urban Tourism Network Attention in China: Based on the Baidu Index
Authors: Zhang Guanghai , Yuan Hongying
Published: October 2022

There is a long-term equilibrium relationship between urban tourism network attention (UTNA) and the volume of tourism. Understanding the spatio-temporal patterns of UTNA before and after the COVID-19 pandemic has important implications for destination management. On the basis of the Baidu index, this study collected the tourism network attention of 337 prefecture-level cities in China from 2018 to 2021 through data mining and analyzed the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and regional differences in UTNA in China by using the seasonal concentration index, the Zipf model and the Dagum Gini coefficient. The results show that, firstly, the UTNA decreased significantly during the study period, with significant seasonal variability and spatial unevenness; April, July, August and October comprise the high season, while January, February, November and December comprise the low season. Secondly, in terms of regional heterogeneity, the seasonal differences in UTNA are generally greater in the northeast regions than in the central, and western regions, and are the smallest in the eastern regions. Thirdly, the UTNA shows a strong rank-scale characteristic, indicating that Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xi’an, and others that are rich in tourism resources are the main high-value cities, and “core-edge” characteristics gradually formed around these municipalities and capital cities. Lastly, of the four regions, the northeast regions had the largest intraregional and inter-regional differences. From the perspective of the contribution to regional difference sources Gnb > Gt > Gw, inter-regional disparities are the main reasons for the overall differences. Accordingly, policy suggestions are proposed to further promote the sustainable development of tourism destinations.
Optimization of Multi-Port Empty Container Repositioning under Uncertain Environments
Authors: Song Jingyao , Tang Xin , Wang Chuanxu , Xu Changyan , Wei Junyi
Published: October 2022

Empty container repositioning has always been an important problem faced by ports. In this paper, we study the multi-port empty container repositioning problem with the uncertainty of the demand and supply of empty containers in ports. First, we established an optimization model for empty container reposition strategies and calculated every port’s proportion, depending on its own empty container storage, on the operation of other ports and on the leasing company, in meeting the demand. Next, we established an optimization model for the empty container non-repositioning strategy, calculated the same proportions and compared their performance under two strategies. A two-stage particle swarm optimization (TS-PSO) algorithm was designed to solve the two models, and an example was used to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm and the rationality of the two models. Our research showed that the total cost of empty containers, storage costs, lease costs and the optimal storage of empty containers in ports under the repositioning strategy are all lower than those of the non-repositioning strategy. The proportion of the empty container demand met by inventory under the repositioning strategy is higher than that under the non-repositioning strategy, while the proportion of the empty container demand met by leasing is lower. The costs of leasing cost and repositioning empty containers are higher than those under the non-repositioning strategy. The increase in transportation time between ports per empty container mainly leads to the increase in the reposition costs of all ports. The increase in storage fees chiefly leads to the rising storage costs of all ports. The increase in leasing fees leads to the rising leasing costs of all ports. The paper provides a method for ports to decide the upper limit of empty container storage and to optimize their repositioning strategy.
Analysis of Game Actions and Performance in Young Soccer Players: A Study Using Sequential Analysis
Authors: Sabarit Alejandro , Morillo-Baro Juan P. , Reigal Rafael E. , Vázquez-Diz Juan A. , Hernández-Mendo Antonio , Morales-Sánchez Verónica
Published: October 2022

The objective of this research is to analyze the performance of actions in a reduced game situation in a sample of young soccer players. This is a game format in which possession of the ball has to be maintained. The sample consisted of 85 young players aged between 12 and 16 years, observing a total of 58 reduced games and using an analysis instrument called the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI). The essential data quality analyses are carried out, including the use of correlation indexes, Cohen’s Kappa and the Phi index for intra- and inter-observer reliability. Generalizability and invariance analyses are also performed to estimate the reliability, validity and precision of the numerical structure and its generalizability to other samples or populations with similar distributions. An observational design of nomothetic, punctual and multidimensional types is used, and subsequently, a sequential analysis of the game actions is carried out from the observations. The results show significant relationships between decision-making behaviors (adequate and inadequate) and technical execution behaviors (adequate and inadequate). The findings have highlighted a clear relationship of interdependence between technical execution and decision making. This information is very useful for the design and planning of training oriented to the optimization of sport performance in soccer.
The Roles and Synergies of Actors in the Green Building Transition: Lessons from Singapore
Authors: Zhang Danlei , He Yong
Published: October 2022

Transforming the building sector toward sustainability based on green building (GB) technologies is a multi-faceted, multi-actor process of socio-technical transition. Understanding the different roles of primary actors in both technological and non-technological dimensions of GB transition is pivotal for effectively engaging multiple GB stakeholders during this process. However, relevant research is rare in the GB literature. This paper conducts an actor analysis based on a conceptual framework constructed on the actor and power relation typology from the multi-actor perspective approach and regime insights from the multi-level perspective theory. A qualitative case study of Singapore is adopted to exemplify the roles of the government, developers, citizens and NGOs, determined by their respective power and multi-actor power relations, and to evaluate their synergetic influence on the technological, social and governance dimensions of the GB transition. It was found that the government leads all three dimensions of GB transition and it has an indirect impact on promoting the technological transformation and social adaption by synergizing the other three actors. As the intermediary between government and non-government actors, NGOs indirectly influence GB transition by primarily assisting the government. Developers and citizens directly contribute to technological transformation and social adaption, respectively, and they have an indirect impact on the opposite dimensions through interacting with one another. We argue that a successful GB transition entails synergies from multi-actor interactions and the interplay of technical and non-technical development. This paper offers a heuristic framework for multi-actor analysis in the multi-faceted GB transition and generates policy lessons for other cities.
Role of Citizen Scientists in Environmental Plastic Litter Research—A Systematic Review
Authors: Popa Cristina L. , Dontu Simona I. , Savastru Dan , Carstea Elfrida M.
Published: October 2022

In recent years, citizen science has proven to be an effective means of monitoring plastic litter, bring potential benefits to professional researchers and authorities, and create awareness on plastic pollution at a society level. This paper aims to review the advances of employing the citizen science approach for plastic litter evaluation and explore the research contributions of these initiatives and their impact at the society and environmental levels. A systematic search was undertaken using the main scientific paper databases and back-referencing from reviewed papers over a period of 10 years. Out of 221 papers found, only 94 papers that discussed plastic litter/waste and citizen science remained in the analysis. Geographically, 66% of the studies were concentrated in the Northern Hemisphere (mostly in USA). The majority were related to clean-up activities that analysed litter density, types, and potential sources. The results showed that citizens can provide data over large geographical regions and can be essential to researchers and authorities in implementing litter management policies. Citizen science programs are effective in creating awareness and increasing education regarding plastic litter pollution and impact. However, it is not clear if they can enhance behavioural changes after participation in field survey programs.
Pilot Protection Based on Zero-Sequence Current Resistance-Capacitance Component for Large-Scale Inverter-Interfaced Power Stations
Authors: He Qian , He Gong , Li Zheng , Lin Meichen , Zhang Gexiang , Li Xuedong
Published: October 2022

At present, zero-sequence current protection is generally used as the main protection for single-phase ground faults in resistance-grounded inverter power stations. However, limited by the principle, it is difficult for current protection to take into account selectivity and rapid action when the neutral point resistance is large, so there is protection mismatch with the inverter-type power supply for low voltage ride through leads to the risk of large-scale disconnection of non-fault lines. Aiming at the above problems, firstly, a fault analysis model of the inverter power station considering the capacitance to ground is established to study the distribution characteristics of resistive and capacitive zero-sequence currents in the collection system, when single-phase ground short circuit occurs on different types of lines. Then, based on the characteristic difference between the resistance and capacitance components of the zero-sequence current flowing through the two ends of the tie line in case of internal and external faults, a zero-sequence pilot protection algorithm is formed. Compared with the traditional zero-sequence current differential protection, the proposed protection algorithm only transmits logic information without synchronous sampling, and has significant economy. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed protection algorithm are verified by an engineering simulation example.
Group Consumption and Ecological Footprint: The Effect of Habits and Lifestyle
Authors: Flint Ashery Shlomit
Published: October 2022

Different religious communities seem to tell different tales about the influence of consumption on the ecological footprint, and the boundaries created between consumption and places. Our case study, Ramat Shlomo neighbourhood in Jerusalem, is highly segregated and provides us with a unique opportunity to examine the consumption habits of essential products and disposable utensils, as well as the circumstances, barriers, and facilitators that contribute to the production and maintenance of ecological footprints. Using a door-to-door survey, our findings hint at a link between multi-generational consumption habits of certain essential products, including unhealthy food and disposable utensils and low family income, health, and environmental impacts. Aside from affecting an individual’s health, these choices also have a greater footprint. As the Haredi demographic becomes more prominent in Israeli society, its influence on the environment grows. lifestyle characteristics and habits are not merely a product of limited resources and residents may prefer to consume low-quality foods or spend money on plastic even when they can afford other alternatives. Such preferences at the household level affect the larger components of the neighbourhood and affect the entire urban matrix as a whole.
Fashion-as-a-Service: Circular Business Model Innovation in Retail
Authors: Poldner Kim , Overdiek Anja , Evangelista Agnes
Published: October 2022

This article seeks to contribute to the literature on circular business model innovation in fashion retail. Our research question is which ‘model’—or combination of models—would be ideal as a business case crafting multiple value creation in small fashion retail. We focus on a qualitative, single in-depth case study—pop-up store KLEER—that we operated for a duration of three months in the Autumn of 2020. The shop served as a ‘testlab’ for action research to experiment with different business models around buying, swapping, and borrowing second-hand clothing. Adopting the Business Model Template (BMT) as a conceptual lens, we undertook a sensory ethnography which led to disclose three key strategies for circular business model innovation in fashion retail: Fashion-as-a-Service (F-a-a-S) instead of Product-as-a-Service (P-a-a-S) (1), Place-based value proposition (2) and Community as co-creator (3). Drawing on these findings, we reflect on ethnography in the context of a real pop-up store as methodological approach for business model experimentation. As a practical implication, we propose a tailor-made BMT for sustainable SME fashion retailers.
Safety Warning of Mine Conveyor Belt Based on Binocular Vision
Authors: Zhang Lei , Hao Shangkai , Wang Haosheng , Wang Bin , Lin Jiangong , Sui Yiping , Gu Chao
Published: October 2022

For the wear and damage to mine conveyor belts by foreign materials, such as large materials, this paper designs a volume measurement method for large materials based on binocular vision by the volume measurement of the large material inon the conveyor belt, provides safety-warning data of over-volume limits for mine conveyor belts, and prevents damage to the mine conveyor belts. In this design, first, by obtaining the binocular camera parameters to improve the image-edge information, images taken with a binocular camera were then aligned by the Bouguet stereo correction algorithm. Finally, the disparity map was calculated by the semi-global-block matching (SGBM) stereo matching, and to get the target 3D coordinates, volume measurements were performed by the micrometric method. The study shows that the experimental error remains at about 5.65%, which provides a low-cost measurement method for raw-coal-volume measurement of the well industry and coal-mine belt conveyor.
How to Identify Barriers to the Adoption of Sustainable Agriculture? A Study Based on a Multi-Criteria Model
Authors: Barbosa Junior Moisés , Pinheiro Eliane , Sokulski Carla Cristiane , Ramos Huarachi Diego Alexis , de Francisco Antonio Carlos
Published: October 2022

The world’s population grows yearly, so increasing food production is necessary, to meet consumer demands. This production must be clean; thus, sustainable agriculture seems to represent a solution. However, social, economic, and environmental barriers impede the adoption of this practice. Therefore, this research identified these barriers, according to the sustainability triple-bottom line through a literature review, and analyzed which barriers are more influential and vulnerable to influences, using the Fuzzy DEMATEL method, as well as by considering the opinions of 30 mixed crop producers. As a result, eleven barriers were identified; and “technical knowledge and qualified workforce” was the most influential on not adopting sustainable agriculture. A multi-criteria model was provided and could be replicated in further research. Thus, sustainable practices are provided, to minimize the barriers’ negative impacts and assist producers; highlighting investment and policies for training farmers to have the technical knowledge to practice sustainable agriculture. Theoretical implications were reviewed, such as an analysis of the barriers found in the literature and the lack of studies reporting on the difficulty of producers in adopting sustainable agriculture, as well as the practical implications of providing assistance and transferring knowledge, to eliminate these barriers, so that sustainable practices can be efficiently implemented.
Musculoskeletal Acute and Chronic Pain Surveyed among Construction Workers in Wisconsin, United States: A Pilot Study
Authors: Arias Oscar , Koenig Gabe , Choi Sang D.
Published: October 2022

This pilot study assessed work-related acute and chronic musculoskeletal pain, identified how workers deal with musculoskeletal pain and recognized work-related factors associated with musculoskeletal pain in 23 commercial construction workers. Workers answered a survey about musculoskeletal pain, pain severity, functional limitations, and perceived exertion at work (Borg RPE scale). Eighty-six percent reported acute musculoskeletal pain and 24% chronic pain in the last 12 months. Among those reporting acute pain, 67% sought treatment from a healthcare professional, 64% had prescribed medication, and 39% modified their work habits to handle pain at work. About 80% of the workers reporting chronic pain sought healthcare treatment, had prescribed medication, and modified their work habits to manage pain. Almost 60% of the participants experienced pain in the last seven days. Among them, 46% reported moderate pain in their legs or knees, 31% in their low back, and 23% severe pain in their arms, shoulders, or hands. The assessment of the functional limitations indicated they experienced moderate to severe limitations in performing activities of daily living (ADLs). The logistic regression models suggested a direct relationship between workers’ work physical exertion and their Body Mass Index (BMI) with the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain. Construction workers are dealing with acute and chronic pain at work that negatively impacts their work and ADLs. Work-related and individual factors such as work physical exertion and BMI seem to play a significant role in the presence of acute and chronic pain associated with MSDs. This study’s findings can help guide sustainable ergonomic interventions and future research to alleviate acute and chronic musculoskeletal pain while promoting workers’ health and wellbeing in the construction industry.
Verification of Privacy Protection Reliability through Mobile Forensic Approach Regarding iOS-Based Instant Messenger
Authors: Shin Jiho , Seo Jung-Taek
Published: October 2022

With the diffusion of mobile devices and Internet hyperconnectivity technology, all daily living records of individuals are being recorded on mobile devices in real time. However, from the user’s point of view, the reliability of privacy protection, that is, whether the user’s data on the mobile device completely disappears when it is deleted, is critical. This is because, for the sustainability of social growth, it is necessary to control the digitalization and technology that heightens the risks of the future society. Therefore, this study aims to check the traces of the SQLite database to see if instant messenger messages deleted by the user can be recovered. When the SQLite database record is deleted, if the database shrink function or other application-level deletion does not work, it is possible to recover the deleted record. We chose two iOS-based instant messengers, WhatsApp and WeChat, and analyzed the SQLite DB file and Table Schema where messages are stored. As a result of the experiment in this study, it was verified that the area where the deleted message was stored in the SQLite DB file was overwritten with 0 × 00 or updated with a NULL value, making it impossible to recover the deleted message. This process operates at the app level, and user data is safely protected.
Shades of Green: Modelling Differences in Thought and Action among Electric Utility Regime Actors in the Energy System Transition
Authors: Pratt Bonnie Wylie , Erickson Jon D. , Kolodinsky Jane , Monsen Erik , Wales William J.
Published: October 2022

There is wide variability in how organizations approach sustainability and the energy system transition toward using more renewables. In the electric power industry, while some distribution utilities have leaned into the transition, others have taken a more conservative approach. Grounded in an institutional resource-based perspective, this multi-level study examines key intra-firm, firm, and individual leadership factors that impact an organization’s commitment to renewables. Sustainability orientation in the power industry is assessed as the percent of renewable energy in a utility’s fuel mix compared with their expressed commitment to renewables and energy efficiency within planning documents. Through computer-aided text analysis, characteristics of 170 electric utilities in the United States were analyzed to predict sustainability orientation. Results indicate that rurality, deregulation, and the entrepreneurial orientation of a utility, as expressed within their Integrated Resource Plans, explain a significant amount of variability in the sustainability orientation of electric utilities.
Design and Employing of a Non-Linear Response Surface Model to Predict the Microbial Loads in Anaerobic Digestion of Cow Manure: Batch Balloon Digester
Authors: Tangwe Stephen , Mukumba Patrick , Makaka Golden
Published: October 2022

Biogas is among the sources of renewable energy with a great potential to mitigate global energy challenges by virtue of the ease of implementation of the technology. The study focused on monitoring the total viable bacteria counts with the number of days, daily average ambient temperature and pH from a balloon type biodigester fed with 2500 L of cow manure (500 L of slurry each day for five successive days) with six months retention time using data acquisition system, standard methods and mathematical model. A non-linear response surface model was developed to predict the total viable bacteria counts with the predictors. The predictors were ranked by weights of importance to the desired targets by reliefF test. At the end of the anaerobic digestion cycle the cumulative volume of biogas was 6.75 m3 with 65.8% methane and 31.2% carbon dioxide. The ranking by weights of the predictors revealed that all the input parameters were primary factors and number of days contributed the most. Based on the testing data set, the response surface model was capable of predicting the total viable bacteria counts with high accuracy as the determination coefficient, root mean square error and p-value were 0.959, 0.197 and 0.602.
Multi-Flexibility Resources Planning for Power System Considering Carbon Trading
Authors: Liu Juan , Liu Minwei , Wang Zhimin , Yang Junwen , Lou Suhua
Published: October 2022

Clean and low-carbon energy represented by wind power and photovoltaic power will develop rapidly and will form a new power system with a high proportion of renewable energy. In the context of a low-carbon economy, how to make reasonable planning for power system flexibility resources is crucial for the development of new power systems. In this paper, we establish a multi-flexibility resource planning model for a power system based on a low carbon economy by considering the planning of multi-flexibility resources of “source–load–storage”. First, a ladder-type carbon trading cost accounting model is proposed, and a set of power system flexibility evaluation indexes are proposed. Then, with the objective of minimizing the sum of low carbon operation cost, investment cost, and operation cost of the system, the planning model of multi-flexibility resources is established by considering constraints such as system power balance constraint, investment constraint, and wind power consumption constraint. Finally, the model proposed in this paper is validated by the IEEE-RTS96 system; the results show that: (1) collaborative planning of source–load–storage multi-flexible resources can obtain the best overall system economics, although the investment cost increases by USD 12.6M, the total system cost is reduced by 11.22% due to the reduction in coal generation consumption cost, carbon trading cost, and wind curtailment penalty cost; (2) as the penetration of wind power grows, the demand for energy storage in the power system is gradually increasing; when the installed capacity of wind power grew from 800 MW to 1600 MW, the demand for new thermal power decreased by 53.5% and the demand for new energy storage increased by 200%; (3) the total cost of the planning model considering ladder-type carbon trading decreases by 1.35% compared to the model without carbon trading, and increases by 2.5% compared to the model considering traditional carbon trading, but its carbon emissions decrease by 5.5%.
Evaluation of the Emergency Capability of Subway Shield Construction Based on Cloud Model
Authors: Cheng Jianhua , Yang Xiaolong , Wang Hui , Li Hujun , Lin Xuan , Guo Yapeng
Published: October 2022

We aimed to enable an accurate assessment of the emergency capability of subway shield construction, and promote the construction of emergency capability of enterprises, so as to better guarantee the sustainable development of subway shield construction. In this paper, the cloud model is used to evaluate the emergency capability of subway shield construction. First, based on the emergency work of subway shield construction, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the emergency capability of subway shield construction, with four first-grade indices and 23 second-grade indices. Second, the subjective and objective combination of the DEMATEL and entropy weight methods are used to determine the index weight. At the same time, a cloud model is introduced to construct a model for the evaluation of the emergency capability of subway shield construction. Finally, a case study is carried out, and the results show that this evaluation model can be used to accurately evaluate the emergency capability of subway shield construction, and can determine its level and obtain the cloud map of the emergency capability of subway shield construction of the enterprise. From the evaluation results, we can find the weak links and existing problems in the emergency capability of subway shield construction, which will help enterprises to take improvement measures. The evaluation results are broadly consistent with the conclusions of the annual work report on enterprise emergency management, verifying the scientificity and effectiveness of the evaluation method.
An Unsustainable Smart City: Lessons from Uneven Citizen Education and Engagement in Thailand
Authors: Sontiwanich Phanaranan , Boonchai Chantinee , Beeton Robert J. S.
Published: October 2022

The sustainability of a smart city development depends on the interpretations and prioritization driven by the key actors. Currently; the “top-down” smart city implementation in many countries is at risk of disengaging with local stakeholders and further widening the social disparities in the cities. This paper presents the socio-political contexts of a smart city, the citizens’ perspectives and awareness using Phuket, and Thailand as a case study. Desktop research was used to describe the context of the smart city policy; key driving organizations; budget allocation; and the guiding vision and mission statements at the local level. A survey of 409 residents was conducted to assess their awareness and willingness to participate in Phuket Smart City (PSC) activities as well as internet behavior and communication channels. The findings reveal uneven awareness of PSC across demographic groups. PSC was more familiar to the middle-aged; highly educated; high-income; and locals with leadership positions and living near the city center. A perceived lack of knowledge, time, information, and relevance affected the residents’ willingness to be involved in smart city development. Active communication and grass-root engagement are needed to improve public awareness and engagement in smart city implementation and achieve meaningful and equitable development.
Data-Driven Robust Data Envelopment Analysis for Evaluating the Carbon Emissions Efficiency of Provinces in China
Authors: Qu Shaojian , Xu Yuting , Ji Ying , Feng Can , Wei Jinpeng , Jiang Shan
Published: October 2022

To combat global warming, China proposed the “dual carbon” policy in 2020. In this context, it becomes crucial to improve carbon emissions efficiency. Currently, some scholars have utilized data envelopment analysis (DEA) to study carbon emissions efficiency. However, uncertainty about climate and government economic policy is ignored. This paper establishes a robust DEA model to reduce uncertainty and improve robustness. First, robust optimization theory is combined with DEA to establish the robust DEA model. Second, considering three uncertainty sets (box set, ellipsoid set, and polyhedron set), a robust DEA model for different situations is considered. Finally, to address the problem of over-conservatism in robust optimization, this paper applies the data-driven robust DEA model to further analyze the carbon emissions efficiency of China. The results of the data-driven robust DEA model suggest that the government should focus on coordinated regional development, promote the transformation and upgrading of the energy structure, innovate in green technology, and advocate for people to live a green and low-carbon lifestyle.
Reliability, Validity and Sensitivity of Newly Developed Tennis-Specific Reactive Agility Tests
Authors: Sinkovic Filip , Foretic Nikola , Novak Dario
Published: October 2022

Agility is one of the motor skills on which success in tennis performance depends, and the aim of this research was the development and validation of a new test for assessing preplanned and reactive agility in young tennis players. The sample of respondents comprised 50 young competitors with an average age of 12.34 ± 1.22 years who were ranked up to 50th in the national tennis association ranking and up to 300th in the international Tennis Europe ranking. Agility variables were measured with newly constructed tests for the assessment of preplanned agility (CODS) and reactive agility (RAG), which were constructed in such a way that subjects imitated specific movements in tennis. It can be concluded that the newly constructed tests of preplanned agility (CODS) and reactive agility (RAG) have a high degree of reliability. Additionally, the assumption that the reliability will be slightly higher for preplanned agility tests (CA = 0.92 and 0.92; ICC = 0.86 and 0.82) than for reactive agility tests (CA = 0.90 and 0, 89; ICC = 0.74 and 0.72) was proven to be accurate. The results also showed that the tests have satisfactory validity. Thus, the results of both tests show a good correlation (p = 0.6 and p = 0.55) with the T-test of agility. It can be noted that all measurements, that is, all results, are normally distributed and that the values of skewness and kurtosis are within acceptable limits. We can confirm satisfactory sensitivity and their applicability to the sample of young tennis players. In conclusion, the results of this research confirmed the hypothesis and showed that the newly constructed agility tests have extremely good metric characteristics, especially the reactive agility test. Thus, this paper proposed a new procedure for the assessment of preplanned and reactive agility in young tennis players, which will significantly improve and advance the existing procedures, and make the results more reliable and precise.
Demand Response Transit Scheduling Research Based on Urban and Rural Transportation Station Optimization
Authors: Li Peiqing , Jiang Longlong , Zhang Shunfeng , Jiang Xi
Published: October 2022

To reduce the operating cost and running time of demand responsive transit between urban and rural areas, a DBSCAN K-means (DK-means) clustering algorithm, which is based on the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) and K-means clustering algorithm, was proposed to cluster pre-processing and station optimization for passenger reservation demand and to design a new variable-route demand responsive transit service system that can promote urban–rural integration. Firstly, after preprocessing the reservation demand through DBSCAN clustering algorithm, K-means clustering algorithm was used to divide fixed sites and alternative sites. Then, a bus scheduling model was established, and a genetic simulated annealing algorithm was proposed to solve the model. Finally, the feasibility of the model was validated in the northern area of Yongcheng City, Henan Province, China. The results show that the optimized bus scheduling reduced the operating cost and running time by 9.5% and 9.0%, respectively, compared with those of the regional flexible bus, and 4.5% and 5.1%, respectively, compared with those of the variable-route demand response transit after K-means clustering for passenger preprocessing.
What Skills for Multi-Partner Open Innovation Projects? Open Innovation Competence Profile in a Cluster Ecosystem Context
Authors: McPhillips Marita , Nikitina Tatjana , Tegtmeier Silke , Wójcik Michał
Published: October 2022

Industry 4.0 and the turbulent environment have rendered increasing interest in open innovation that extends from the bilateral transmission of expertise to multilateral platform collaborations. Open innovation ventures are seen as intricate collaborations that require the commitment of numerous partners during the lifetime of the project. In order to examine the specific competence of open innovation teams, we set the research question as follows: What individual competencies facilitate the exchange of knowledge in open innovation projects? We explored the theoretical framework of open innovation and collected information from a nation-wide, cross-industrial set of OI projects from three high-performing clusters, facilitating a total of 102 OI projects to identify open innovation competence dimensions, thus creating a novel profile. The outcomes showed that competencies facilitate the exchange of knowledge in open innovation ventures in distinct ways. Our findings showed that open innovation competence can be captured using a profile with the dimensions of creativity, entrepreneurship, communication and networking, open-minded thinking, risk-taking, and self-efficacy in digital skills. These dimensions of the open innovation competence profile are necessary for cluster project set-up. This analysis demonstrated that components of the open innovation competence profile could be paramount in understanding the underlying factors in the success of collaborative innovation projects.