bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Colorimetric CRISPR Biosensor: A Case Study with Salmonella Typhi
Authors: Pascual-Garrigos Ana , Lozano-Torres Beatriz , Das Akashaditya , Molloy Jennifer C
Published: August 2024

There is a critical need to implement a sensitive and specific point-of-care (POC) biosensor that addresses the instrument limitations and manufacturing challenges faced in resource-constrained contexts. In this paper we focus on enteric fever which is a highly contagious and prevalent infection in low- and middle-income countries. Although easily treatable, its ambiguous symptoms paired with a lack of fast, accurate and affordable diagnostics lead to incorrect treatments which exacerbate the disease burden, including increasing antibiotic resistance. In this study, we develop a readout module for CRISPR-Cas12a that produces a colorimetric output that is visible to the naked eye and can act as a cascade signal amplifier in any CRISPR assay based on trans-cleavage. We achieve this by immobilizing an oligo covalently linked to a β-galactosidase (LacZ) enzyme, which is cleaved in the presence of DNA target-activated CRISPR-Cas12a. Upon cleavage, the colorimetric enzyme is released, and the supernatant transferred to an environment containing X-Gal producing an intense blue color. This method is capable of detecting amplified bacterial genomic DNA and has a lower limit of detection (LoD) to standard fluorescent assays while removing the requirement for costly equipment. Furthermore, it remained active after lyophilization, allowing for the possibility of shipment without cold chain, significantly reducing deployment costs.
Resonant switching current detector based on underdamped Josephson junctions
Authors: Krasnov Vladimir M.
Published: August 2024

Current-biased Josephson junctions can act as detectors of electromagnetic radiation. At optimal conditions, their sensitivity is limited by fluctuations causing stochastic switching from the superconducting to the resistive state. This work provides a quantitative description of a stochastic switching current detector, based on an underdamped Josephson junction. It is shown that activation of a Josephson plasma resonance can greatly enhance the detector responsivity in proportion to the quality factor of the junction. The ways of tuning the detector for achieving optimal operation are discussed. For realistic parameters of Nb/AlOx/Nb tunnel junctions, the sensitivity and noise-equivalent power (NEP) can reach values of S≃5×1012 (V/W) and NEP≃2×10−23 (WHz−1/2), respectively. These outstanding characteristics facilitate both bolometric and single-photon detection in microwave and terahertz ranges.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Most general neutron decay correlations: Standard model recoil and radiative corrections
Authors: Seng Chien-Yeah
Published: August 2024

To continue from our previous work [], we derive the full Standard Model prediction of the most general free neutron differential decay rate with all massive particles (neutron, proton, and electron) polarized, including the O(1/mN) recoil corrections and O(α/π) radiative corrections. For the latter we adopt the newly developed pseudoneutrino formalism which is compatible to realistic experimental setups, in which neutrinos and photons are not detected. We also provide readily executable notebooks to evaluate these corrections.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Systematic improvement of
x
-dependent unpolarized nucleon generalized parton distributions in lattice-QCD calculation
Authors: Holligan Jack , Lin Huey-Wen
Published: August 2024

We present a first study of the effects of renormalization-group resummation (RGR) and leading-renormalon resummation (LRR) on the systematic errors of the unpolarized isovector nucleon generalized parton distribution in the framework of large-momentum effective theory. This work is done using lattice gauge ensembles generated by the MILC Collaboration, consisting of 2+1+1 flavors of highly improved staggered quarks with a physical pion mass at lattice spacing a≈0.09  fm and a box width L≈5.76  fm. We present results for the nucleon H and E generalized parton distributions (GPDs) with average boost momentum Pz≈2  GeV at momentum transfers Q2=[0,0.97]  GeV2 at skewness ξ=0 as well as Q2∈0.23  GeV2 at ξ=0.1, renormalized in the modified minimal subtraction (MS¯) scheme at scale μ=2.0  GeV, with two- and one-loop matching, respectively. We demonstrate that the simultaneous application of RGR and LRR significantly reduces the systematic errors in renormalized matrix elements and distributions for both the zero and nonzero skewness GPDs, and that it is necessary to include both RGR and LRR at higher orders in the matching and renormalization processes.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Lattice holography on a quantum computer
Authors: Li Ying-Ying , Sajid Muhammad Omer , Unmuth-Yockey Judah
Published: August 2024

We explore the potential application of quantum computers to the examination of lattice holography, which extends to the strongly coupled bulk theory regime. With adiabatic evolution, we compute the ground state of a spin system on a (2+1)-dimensional hyperbolic lattice, and measure the spin-spin correlation function on the boundary. Notably, we observe that with achievable resources for coming quantum devices, the correlation function demonstrates an approximate scale-invariant behavior, aligning with the pivotal theoretical predictions of the anti–de Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Quantum backreactions in
(A)dS3
massive gravity and logarithmic asymptotic behavior
Authors: Chernicoff M. , Giribet G. , Moreno J. , Oliva J. , Rojas R. , Torres C. Ramirez de Arellano
Published: August 2024

We study the interplay between higher-curvature terms and the backreaction of quantum fluctuations in three-dimensional massive gravity in asymptotically (anti–)de Sitter space. We focus on the theory at the special point of the parameter space where the two maximally symmetric vacua coincide. In the case of positive cosmological constant, this corresponds to the partially massless point, at which the classical theory admits de Sitter black holes and exhibits an extra conformal symmetry at linear level. We explicitly find the quantum corrected black hole geometry in the semiclassical approximation and show that it induces a relaxation of the standard asymptotic conditions. Nonetheless, the new asymptotic behavior is still preserved by an infinite-dimensional algebra, which, in addition to Virasoro, contains logarithmic supertranslations. Finally, we show that all the results we obtain for the quadratic massive gravity theory can be extended to theories including cubic and quartic terms in the curvature.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Redetermined structure of 4-(benzyloxy)benzoic acid
Authors: Song Qiuyi , Long Sihui
Published: August 2024

In the title compound, C14H14O3, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 39.76 (9)°. In the crystal, the molecules associate to form centrosymmetric acid–acid dimers linked by pairwise O—H...O hydrogen bonds. The precision of the geometric parameters in the present single-crystal study is about an order of magnitude better than the previous powder diffraction study [Chattopadhyay et al. (2013). CrystEngComm, 15, 1077–1085].
4-[(2-Phenylethyl)amino]benzoic acid
Authors: Zhang Kexin , Long Sihui
Published: August 2024

The title compound, C15H15NO2, crystallizes with two molecules in the asymmetric unit. In the crystal, the two molecules associate to form an acid–acid dimer by pairwise O—H...O hydrogen bonds.
A novel technology for sequestration of corrosive ions in comparison with benzotriazole: a review
Authors: Idema Osuani Fyneface , Abdulwahab Malik , Arukalam Innocent Okechi , Ekeke Ifeyinwa , Njoku Chigoziri N. , Anyiam Chioma , Onyeachu Benedict , Oguzie Emeka Emmanuel
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Hexavalent chromium has been a benchmark corrosion inhibitor before it was phased out because of its carcinogenic properties. However, because it was phased out, many alternative corrosion inhibitors have been introduced but failed to meet the performance of this benchmark inhibitor. Consequently, benzotriazole (BTA) was reported to exhibit chromate-like inhibition performance. Subsequently, Intelli-ion was reported by researchers to exhibit chromate-like performance also with claims of being a unique alternative. This paper aims to review the inhibition performance of these two alternatives. Above all, promotes the unique inhibition performance of Intelli-ion that makes it suitable for application in many sectors.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the corrosion inhibition performances of BTA and Intelli-ion were compared systematically by reviewing some related literatures based on the opinion of the authors.

Findings

Different methodologies for measuring the inhibition performance of BTA showed that it’s an inhibitor of choice. However, the cut edge corrosion performance of Intelli-ion and BTA corrosion inhibitors on galvanized steel of 55% Wt.% Al, 44% Wt.% Zn and 1% Wt.% Si in 5 Wt.% NaCl solution was compared when subjected to scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) for 24 h. The results showed faint blue-colored region depicting negative cathodic current density for the Intelli-ion while there was a high-intensity of red-colored region depicting a positive anodic current density for BTA. In other words, the Intelli-ion inhibitor had a better overall cut-edge corrosion inhibition performance than the BTA inhibitor.

Originality/value

This paper compares and further, summarizes the corrosion inhibition performance of Intelli-ion and BTA by evaluating SVET results from the literature. In addition, it serves as an overview and reference for the unique inhibition performance of Intelli-ion when applied in field applications.
Using text and image mining to study how actor engagement creates value in the sharing economy
Authors: Barari Mojtaba , Ross Mitchell , Quach Sara , Surachartkumtonkun Jiraporn
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the concept of “actor engagement” within the context of the sharing economy, a novel and dynamic business model. Specifically, it investigates the formation of actor engagement and its relationship with value creation within this business model.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on Storbacka et al. (2016)actor engagement framework and service-dominant logic service ecosystem model, unstructured data (text and images) from the Airbnb platform in seven countries and text- and image-mining techniques such as machine learning are used to measure the research variables and test the model by PLS-SEM.

Findings

The results indicate that affective engagement has a more significant impact on behavioural engagement than cognitive engagement for multidimensional actor engagement. Service providers’ engagement – directly, and through customer engagement – influences value creation for service providers (i.e. performance). Moreover, national-level moderator (i.e. economic, competitiveness, technology, social and political factors) plays a significant moderating role in our model.

Research limitations/implications

This study encourages future research to explore how actor engagement leads to value creation for all actors on the different sharing economy platforms.

Practical implications

The findings provide practical insights for service providers to engage their customers and platform managers, especially in an international context, on managing their relationships with both customers and service providers in different countries.

Originality/value

This study advances the current literature on actor engagement and its role in value creation by providing a better understanding of the role of the national context in this process through unstructured data analysis.
Mediating role of capabilities in organisational agility-performance relationship in J&K, India
Authors: Chahal Hardeep , Gupta Aiyushi
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study examines the impact of organisational agility on the performance of higher education institutions. It also aims to explore the mediating role of various capabilities, namely, service innovation, technology capability, learning capability, and collaborative knowledge creation, in the agility-performance relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample of this study includes teaching staff of two prominent state universities of J&K, India. The study employs Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Structured Equation Modelling (SEM) for scale purification and hypotheses testing.

Findings

The results show that organisational agility positively influences performance of higher education institutions. Capabilities, namely, service innovation, technology capability, learning capability and collaborative knowledge creation, partially mediate the organisational agility-performance relationship.

Research limitations/implications

The sample comprises teaching staff of two established universities of J&K, India.

Practical implications

For sustenance in the turbulent environment, higher educational institutions should employ practices like regular modification of academic programs, increasing the speed of logistics activities, investing in high-ended software and hardware facilities, and developing an open environment for the exchange of ideas by employees. Policy formulation should encourage adopting agile practices in higher education institutions for enhanced performance.

Originality/value

This paper focuses specifically on organisational agility and its impact on the performance of higher educational institutions. The study contributes to the agility literature by testing the mediating roles of service innovation, technology capability, learning capability and collaborative knowledge creation collectively in the relationship between organisational agility and performance, concluding that all these capabilities except service innovation enhance the effect of organisational agility on performance.
The techno-ties that bind: how transaction-specific investment, trust and adaptive collaboration influence performance in e-commerce consortium blockchain
Authors: Badi Sulafa
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Blockchains used by e-commerce consortia are a novel form of governance that facilitates coordination and collaboration among the numerous organisations that comprise e-commerce supply chains. Despite the increasing prevalence of consortium blockchain networks for e-commerce, there is a limited understanding of the economic and social dynamics that influence the behaviour of blockchain consortium members. By utilising transaction cost theory and social exchange theory, this research investigates the interplay between blockchain transaction-specific investment (BTSI), trust, adaptive collaboration (ADC) and the overall performance of supply chains in consortium blockchains

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative research approach was employed to collect data from a representative sample of blockchain organisations affiliated with e-commerce consortium blockchains worldwide. Following this, the data obtained from 361 participants were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Findings

The results of our study indicate that BTSI has a substantial impact on trust. Furthermore, trust plays a pivotal role in shaping ADC, and ADC, in turn, acts as a mediator in the relationship between trust and performance outcomes.

Originality/value

This study underlines these economic and social dynamics in the evolving context of consortium blockchain networks, offering insights into their significance within a technology-driven environment.
Meta-analysis of association between Just-in-Time system and firm performance: moderating effects of National Culture differences
Authors: Prashar Anupama
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The effectiveness of the Just-in-Time (JIT) production system in non-Japanese contexts is a topic of diverse findings. This study conducts a meta-analysis of empirical research on JIT and its relationship with performance, focusing on studies published since 1995. Additionally, it examines the moderating influence of National Culture (NC) values on JIT outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 59 empirical studies with 211 effects and 17,008 observations from 18 countries are meta-analyzed. A meta-regression using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) is performed to explore how four dimensions of National Culture (NC) moderate the impact. (viz. institutional collectivism, uncertainty avoidance future orientation, and power distance,) based on the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) culture model.

Findings

The meta-analysis results show that improved production efficiency, product quality and reduced wastes achieved through JIT deployments translate into the overall performance of organizations. The meta-regression results shed light on how local cultures influence the effectiveness of JIT across different countries.

Originality/value

The findings of meta-analysis have implications for multinational manufacturers in realizing efficacy of JIT. The research adds to the international operations management literature by examining how NC values influence strategies and decisions in operations management.
Exploring the impact of forced teleworking on counterproductive work behavior: the role of event strength and work-family conflict
Authors: Liang Yuan , Wu Tung-Ju , Lin Weipeng
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Most employees are forced to telework due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which brings novel, disruptive, and critical challenges both in work and life. Based on event system theory and equity theory, this research explores how and when forced teleworking event strength (i.e. novelty, disruption, and criticality) affects employees’ work and life-related outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach

We conducted two studies to test the hypothesized moderated mediation model (Study 1: an experiment survey, N = 141; Study 2: a time-lagged survey, N = 243) with employees forced to telework from China.

Findings

The results largely support our hypotheses. Study 1 indicates that the manipulation of forced teleworking event strength (high vs low) is effective, and the main effect of forced teleworking event strength on work-family conflict is significant. Moreover, Study 2 shows that work-family conflict mediates the relationship between forced teleworking event strength (i.e. novelty, disruption, and criticality) and counterproductive work behavior (CWB). Furthermore, perceived overqualification positively moderates the relationship between work-family conflict and CWB. In detail, the relationship between work-family conflict and CWB becomes stronger when perceived overqualification is higher.

Originality/value

This research provides a new perspective on how forced teleworking event strength impacts CWB and advances the literature on the relevant theories.
Corporate culture's influence on the transparency of financial reporting in Iran: an in-depth analysis of readability and tone
Authors: Rajabalizadeh Javad
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study investigates the influence of corporate culture on financial reporting transparency within Iranian firms.

Design/methodology/approach

Leveraging a dataset of 1,480 firm-year observations from the Tehran Stock Exchange spanning from 2013 to 2022, the study employs text mining to quantify linguistic features of corporate culture and transparency, specifically readability and tone, within annual financial statements and Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) reports.

Findings

Our results confirm a positive and significant relationship between corporate culture and financial reporting transparency. The distinct dimensions of corporate culture — Creativity, Competition, Control, and Collaboration — each uniquely enhance financial transparency. Robustness tests including firm fixed-effects, entropy balancing, Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) validate the profound influence of corporate culture on transparency. Additionally, our analysis shows that corporate culture significantly affects the disclosure of business, operational, and financial risks, with varying impacts across risk categories. Cross-sectional analysis further reveals how the impact of corporate culture on transparency varies significantly across different industries and firm sizes.

Research limitations/implications

The study’s scope, while focused on Iran, opens avenues for comparative research in different cultural and regulatory environments. Its reliance on text mining could be complemented by qualitative methods to capture more nuanced linguistic subtleties.

Practical implications

Findings underscore the strategic importance of cultivating a transparent corporate culture for enhancing financial reporting practices and stakeholder trust, particularly in emerging economies with similar dynamics to Iran.

Originality/value

This research is pioneering in its quantitative analysis of the textual features of corporate culture and its impact on transparency within Iranian corporate reports, integrating foundational theoretical perspectives with empirical evidence.
Financial viability decision rules in residual valuation method of property development appraisal: case study of London, England
Authors: Abdulai Raymond Talinbe
Published: August 2024

Purpose

An appraisal is normally conducted to determine financial viability of property development projects for several purposes. The residual valuation method is normally used to appraise such projects and the purpose of the paper is to examine its financial viability decision rules (FVDRs) used by practitioners.

Design/methodology/approach

The qualitative research approach was adopted based on the case study strategy of enquiry where 48 development appraisal reports from 37 Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors registered firms in London were accessed from the internet and critically reviewed.

Findings

Site-specific and area-wide development appraisals for planning purposes dominated the reports. Five FVDRs were identified. A development project is financially viable if: (i) computed residual profit expressed as a percentage return is equal to or greater than a determined market benchmark risk-adjusted return; (ii) computed residual profit expressed as a percentage return is positive; (iii) calculated residual land value is greater than open market land value or benchmark land value; (iv) computed residual land value is positive; and (v) there is a surplus when appraisal cost variables including land costs plus allowance for developer’s profit are deducted from gross development value. In some reports, it was discovered some appraisal cost variables were excluded whilst others were inappropriately treated.

Practical implications

The first and third FVDRs are reasonable whilst the remaining are fraught with problems and using them can make development projects that are financially unviable to be viable. Also, excluding relevant cost variables and treating some inappropriately understate the appraisal cost component resulting in incorrect financial viability outcomes. These can lead to wrong recommendations about financial viability being proffered that negatively affect the practitioners’ clientele. The dominance of development appraisals for planning purposes shows the important role development appraisals continue to play in the English planning system.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, it is the first time FVDRs in development appraisals have been systematically investigated in England with resultant new empirical findings and arguments.
Fair value and investment property in accounting literature: a review
Authors: Khelil Imen , Khlif Hichem
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to provide a timely review concerning the determinants and economic consequences of fair value reporting in real estate industry, as these topics have been gaining momentum in accounting literature recently.

Design/methodology/approach

Diverse editorial sources (e.g. Elsevier, Emerald, Meridian Allenpress, Springer, Sage, Taylor & Francis and Wiley-Blackwell) were consulted to identify relevant studies for this review. Keywords used to collect studies include “fair value” and “IAS 40” or “investment property” and “fair value or “fair value and real estate.” This search yields 33 studies published between 2009 and 2023.

Findings

The synthesis of reviewed papers suggests that studies were mainly conducted in the European countries after the mandatory adoption of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) in 2005 and the Australian setting. The first stream of research deals with the choice of fair value approach. Reported empirical findings suggest that corporate size and market-to-book ratio are negatively associated with fair value choice, whereas ownership dispersion increases the likelihood of choosing fair value approach. The empirical evidence concerning the determinants of fair value magnitude suggests the type of appraiser represents a key predictor of the extent of fair value use. The second stream of research examines the impact of fair value reporting in real estate industry. Findings suggest that empirical evidence is still limited with respect to creditors, managers and financial analysts; fair value reporting is generally associated with higher level of value relevance for investors; and the use of Level 3 inputs in fair value estimates for investment properties is associated with high degree of estimation uncertainty for external auditors leading to increased audit risk and fees.

Practical implications

With respect to regulators, this review emphasizes that the beneficial impacts of fair value reporting are linked to institutional characteristics (e.g. legal system, the degree of market development), the reliability concerns regarding fair value estimates and the independence of appraiser. Because real estate industry is generally characterized by the lack of active market, regulators may adopt regulations requiring the independence external appraiser.

Originality/value

This literature review represents a historical record and an introduction for accounting scholars, in emerging economies and other settings, where fair value accounting has gained wide acceptance among the investment community. It also offers guidance for future research avenues.
The failure mode and effect analysis of Islamic banking product marketing in Indonesia
Authors: Darmawan Darmawan
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to use a risk management approach to analyze the factors influencing the marketing failure of Islamic banking products in Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from respondents to be involved in the risk assessment of failure based on the criteria of severity score, likelihood of occurrence and detection ability of employees. The dominant factors were grouped into the number of new customers and transaction value categories. The failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) method was used to identify the highest risk dominant factors.

Findings

The study results show critical factors and prioritized for immediate improvement. The number of new customers can be identified based on the following factors: occupation of prospective customers; income level of prospective customers; the lifestyle of the prospective customer. Transaction value can be identified based on the following factors: total balance; the level of convenience in transactions; turnover of funds; profitability; and risk management.

Practical implications

The Islamic banking industry in Indonesia needs to consider the importance of suitability: target market with the products offered, considering the income level of customers with suitable products, the level of profit sharing expected by consumers, improving customer education about Islamic banking products, the capabilities of financing staff and staff capabilities on risk management in Islamic banking products and services.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this research is the first to apply FMEA in analysing marketing failures of Islamic banking products and services.
The impact of buying external technology on employment and air quality: an empirical approach in Vietnamese manufacturing SMEs
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Thi , Le Cuong Quoc
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the current situation of buying external technology in Vietnamese manufacturing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from 2013 to 2018. This paper also aims to examine the effect of buying technology on employment and environmental quality in Vietnam.

Design/methodology/approach

External technology purchase and its impact on employment and environmental quality are taken from the Vietnam annual enterprise survey and the using technology in production survey from 2013 to 2018. The estimation is based on a feasible generalized least squares method.

Findings

This study finds that external technology purchase in manufacturing SMEs increases the employment rate in the industries. External technology purchase in Vietnamese manufacturing SMEs also increases the level of environmental pollution. This is a negative side of purchasing technology for production because if the technology used is old, outdated and of poor quality, it will increase environmental pollution. In addition, the growth in employment increases air pollution. This shows that purchasing advanced technology selectively helps to increase the employment rate in Vietnamese manufacturing sector, which is followed by a positive impact on environmental quality.

Research limitations/implications

The limitation of this study is that the research period was only investigated from 2013 to 2018 because the General Statistics Office of Vietnam no longer surveys the dataset about using technology in production surveys after 2018. This study has been conducted at the firm level, so results cannot be easily extended to the macroeconomic level, also taking into account the data limitations in terms of sector coverage.

Practical implications

This paper provides necessary policy recommendations for the government and manufacturing SMEs to solve negative technology issues related to the labour market and air quality in Vietnam. The results are expected to help policymakers in Vietnam propose appropriate national science and technology programmes towards sustainable development in the coming decades.

Originality/value

This paper focuses on assessing the effects of buying external technology by Vietnamese small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises on employment and air quality.
Short breaks and micro vacations: scale development and validation of micro vacation motivation
Authors: Shen Huawen , Hu Yi
Published: August 2024

Purpose

In view of the rapid growth of micro vacation trend in post-pandemic era, this study aims to identify the underlying motivational factors for micro vacation by developing and validating a measurement scale, while explore the influence of micro vacation motivation on travel intention.

Design/methodology/approach

This research adopts mixed methods. Nine dimensions with 38 items are initially yielded through extensive literature review and in-depth interview (n = 22). Expert panel review filters the scale into eight dimensions with 35 items. Principal component analysis (n = 376) purifies the measures into a 35-item and seven-dimension scale, further confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis (n = 616). Nomological validity test (n = 694) proved the positive effect of micro vacation motivation on travel intention.

Findings

The results present a measurement scale of micro vacation motivation and reveals its seven dimensions: self-presentation, spiritual satisfaction, bonding, convenience, sense of rituals, place attachment and perceived risk. All the motivational factors positively influence travel intention for a micro vacation.

Practical implications

Through profound comprehension of micro vacationers’ travel motivation, destination marketers and tourism providers can better design their products based on vacationers’ needs while stimulate potential market’s visiting intention by diverse marketing activities.

Originality/value

This study enriches the literature of micro vacation tourism and deepens the knowledge of travel motivation, filling the research gap of tourists’ motivation in micro vacation market.
The impact of dual alliance on firm green innovation: a moderated mediation effect model
Authors: Feng Xiaobin , Zhu Yan , Yang Jiachen
Published: August 2024

Purpose

To clarify divergent conclusions on the impact of alliances on green innovation (GI), this study aims to examine the non-linear relationships between dual alliance and GI, as well as the mediation of green knowledge reconstruction (GKR) and the moderation of alliance tie strength.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the theory of knowledge-based view, a moderated intermediary model is constructed by introducing GKR and alliance tie strength. The hypotheses are validated by using hierarchical regression analysis and bootstrapping method, with questionnaire survey data collected from 316 manufacturing firms in China.

Findings

Empirical results show that both exploratory alliance and exploitative alliance have an inverted U-shaped effect on GI, in which GKR plays a mediating role in the above relationship. Moreover, alliance tie strength weakens the intermediary role of GKR in the relationship between exploratory alliance and GI, whereas it enhances the intermediary role of GKR in the relationship between exploitative alliance and GI.

Originality/value

Findings reveal the non-linear effects of dual alliance on GI and clarify the inconsistent conclusions by proposing the moderated intermediary effect model. Moreover, this research reveals the mechanism of dual alliance on GI through the mediation of GKR and enriches the boundary conditions by integrating the moderating role of alliance tie strength.
The association between health literacy and self-care of hypertension among older adults in five regions in Jordan
Authors: Kawafha Mariam , Alsaqer Khitam , Al-Maghaireh Dua’a , Shiyyab Haider , Al Kofahi Abedelkader , Saleh Mayyada
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aims to determine the relationship between health literacy and the self-care of hypertension in older adults in five regions in Jordan.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,100 older adult patients with hypertension who had follow-ups in cardiac clinics of the five biggest hospitals in five regions of Jordan. The research instruments included a Health Literacy Questionnaire (CHEWQ) and the self-care of hypertension inventory.

Findings

The average health literacy score was 8.52 ± 1.6, indicating inadequate health literacy, while their self-care of hypertension score was 42.33 ± 10.9, indicating low self-care. Inadequate health literacy and factors such as marital status, education level, income and overall health status were linked to poor self-care of hypertension (p < 0.05).

Practical implications

This study suggests that there is a need to assess the effectiveness of various health literacy interventions, such as educational programs and customized communication strategies, in enhancing self-care behaviors across diverse populations, particularly among the elderly.

Originality/value

The study findings highlight the need for nursing interventions aimed at improving health literacy to enhance the ability of older adults in Jordan to manage their hypertension.
Obstetric transport in rural settings: Referral and transport of pregnant patients in a state without a perinatal regionalized system of care
Authors: Fertaly Kaitlin , Javorka McKenzie , Brown Diane , Holman Carly , Nelson Megan , Glover Annie
Published: August 2024

Objective

To assess factors impacting obstetric transport and referral processes for pregnant patients experiencing an emergency in a rural state without a perinatal regionalized system of care.

Data Sources and Study Setting

Data is from Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) without obstetric units and healthcare providers involved in obstetric care and transport at hospitals with varying levels of obstetric capacity in Montana.

Study Design

This mixed‐methods study involved surveying CAHs without obstetric units about the hospitals' capacity for obstetric emergencies and transport policies. Survey data were collected from 32 of 34 CAHs without obstetric units (94% response rate) in the fall of 2021. Subsequent interviews were conducted in the fall and winter of 2022–2023 with 20 hospital and emergency medical services (EMS) personnel to provide further insights into the referral and transport process during obstetric emergencies.

Data Collection/Extraction Methods

Survey data were collected using REDCap; interviews were conducted via videoconference. We performed descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact tests for quantitative data. We analyzed qualitative data using a three‐phase pragmatic analytic approach.

Principal Findings

The survey of CAHs found 12 of 32 facilities faced difficulties coordinating transport for pregnant patients. Qualitative data indicated this was often due to the state's decentralized transport system. Challenges identified through both quantitative and qualitative data included weather, securing a receiving facility/provider, and coordinating medical transport. Only 10 CAHs reported having written protocols for transporting pregnant patients; of those, four facilities had formal transfer agreements. Qualitative data emphasized variations in awareness and the utility of obstetric transport policies.

Conclusions

A decentralized transport system in a rural state can exacerbate existing challenges faced by providers arranging transport for pregnant patients during an obstetric emergency. State and interfacility policies could enhance the transport process for increased regionalization as well as increased support for and coordination of existing EMS.
Could machine learning revolutionize how we treat immune thrombocytopenia?
Authors: Ghanima Waleed , Cooper Nichola
Published: August 2024

The absence of reliable biomarkers in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) complicates treatment choice, necessitating a trial‐and‐error approach. Machine learning (ML) holds promise for transforming ITP treatment by analysing complex data to identify predictive factors, as demonstrated by Xu et al.'s study which developed ML‐based models to predict responses to corticosteroids, rituximab and thrombopoietin receptor agonists. However, these models require external validation before can be adopted in clinical practice.

Commentary on: Xu et al. A novel scoring model for predicting efficacy and guiding individualised treatment in immune thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2024; 205:1108‐1120.
Perioperatives Schmerzempfinden von Patienten bei dermatochirurgischen Eingriffen in Lokalanästhesie – Eine prospektive Beobachtungsstudie
Authors: Volberg Christian , Gschnell Martin , Eubel Verena , Föhr Julia , Schubert Ann‐Kristin , Pfützner Wolfgang
Published: August 2024

Hintergrund

Dermatochirurgische Eingriffe finden überwiegend in Lokalanästhesie statt, jedoch gibt es nur wenig Studien zum perioperativen Schmerzmanagement ausgedehnter oder mehrzeitiger Operationen. Das Ziel dieser Erhebung ist die Erfassung von Schmerzen im Rahmen dermatochirurgischer Eingriffe, der Darstellung der perioperativen Schmerztherapie sowie der Identifizierung von Einflussfaktoren auf das Schmerzempfinden.

Patienten und Methodik

In diese prospektive, monozentrische Studie wurden stationäre Patienten von April bis Dezember 2021 eingeschlossen, die einen dermatochirurgischen Eingriff in Lokalanästhesie erhielten. Präoperativ wurden demographische Fragen, ein Schmerzfragebogen und vier psychometrische Fragebögen (PCS, LOT‐R, SFQ, PHQ‐9) erhoben. Postoperativ empfundene Schmerzen und benötigte Schmerzmedikamente der ersten 24 Stunden wurden erhoben.

Ergebnisse

120 Patienten (mit insgesamt 191 Eingriffen) wurden eingeschlossen. Durchschnittliche postoperative Schmerzen wurden sehr niedrig (NRS < 2) angegeben. Präoperativ bestehende Schmerzen und postoperativ erwartete Schmerzen zeigten sich als prädiktive Merkmale für postoperativen Schmerz. Ein starker Zusammenhang zwischen Katastrophisieren und Angst vor der Operation (r = 0,65) sowie ein mittlerer Zusammenhang für Depression und Angst vor der Operation (r = 0,46) konnten dargestellt werden.

Schlussfolgerungen

Dermatochirurgische Eingriffe in Lokalanästhesie werden insgesamt als schmerzarm empfunden. Bei der präoperativen Aufklärung und Untersuchung sollte auf Patienten geachtet werden, die bereits Schmerzen angeben oder postoperativ Schmerzen erwarten, da sie ein erhöhtes Risiko für die Entwicklung postoperativer Schmerzen zeigten.
Palliativversorgung in der Dermatoonkologie – Aktuelle Praxis in deutschen zertifizierten Hautkrebszentren und dermatoonkologischen Schwerpunktpraxen
Authors: Volberg Christian , Schönfeld Philip Niklas , Krönig Lisa , Hertl Michael , Gschnell Martin
Published: August 2024

Hintergründe

Dermatoonkologische Patienten werden häufig in zertifizierten Hautkrebszentren oder dermatoonkologischen Schwerpunktpraxen betreut. Insbesondere in höheren Tumorstadien entwickeln Patienten krankheitsbedingt oder als Nebenwirkung der Therapien Symptome, die behandlungsbedürftig sind. Bei fortschreitender Erkrankung bedarf es trotz deutlich verbesserter Prognose seit Einführung der zielgerichteten und Immuntherapien einer vorausschauenden Vorsorgeplanung. Unklar ist, wie die Palliativversorgung von Hautkrebspatienten in der Dermatoonkologie aktuell organisiert wird.

Patienten und Methodik

In einer deutschlandweiten Befragung wurden alle zertifizierten Hautkrebszentren und dermatoonkologischen Schwerpunktpraxen angeschrieben und um Teilnahme an der anonymisierten Befragung gebeten.

Ergebnisse

Insgesamt gingen 45 Antworten (42%) ein. Der Großteil (98%) der Befragten screent Patienten regelhaft auf belastende Symptome und alle Zentren haben auch eine Anbindung an eine palliativmedizinische Versorgungsstruktur. Es wurde angegeben, dass lediglich 5% der ärztlichen Mitarbeiter die Zusatzqualifikation „Palliativmedizin“ führen. Bei 68% der teilnehmenden Institutionen wird den Patienten die Möglichkeit einer Vorsorgeplanung angeboten. Für 89% ist Palliativmedizin relevant für die tägliche Arbeit, und 82% wünschen sich hierzu mehr Fortbildungsmöglichkeiten.

Schlussfolgerungen

Mit der Erhebung kann dargestellt werden, dass die palliativmedizinische Versorgung einen wichtigen Stellenwert in der dermatoonkologischen Arbeit hat. Da jedoch nur ein geringer Anteil der Mitarbeitenden eine Weiterbildung in Palliativmedizin besitzt, wäre es für die umfassende Versorgung wünschenswert, wenn dieser Anteil größer würde.
Impact of prior oral anticoagulation therapies on post‐discharge outcomes after COVID‐19: Results from a global federated health network analysis
Authors: Rivera‐Caravaca José Miguel , Frost Freddy , Marín Francisco , Lip Gregory Y. H.
Published: August 2024

Background

The impact of chronic oral anticoagulant (OACs) use on long‐term post‐discharge outcomes after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) hospitalisation remains unclear. Herein, we compared clinical outcomes up to 2‐years after COVID‐19 hospitalisation between patients on vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), direct‐acting OACs (DOACs) and no OAC therapy.

Methods

Data from TriNetX, a global federated health research network, were used. Adult patients on VKAs, DOACs or no OAC therapy at diagnosis of COVID‐19 between 20 January 2020 and 31 December 2021, who were hospitalised for COVID‐19, were included. The primary outcomes were all‐cause mortality, ischaemic stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA)/systemic embolism (SE) and the composite of intracranial haemorrhage (ICH)/gastrointestinal bleeding, at 2 years after COVID‐19 hospitalisation.

Results

We included 110,834 patients with COVID‐19. Following propensity score matching (PSM), we identified a decreased mortality risk in DOAC‐treated patients compared to the no OAC cohort (RR .808, 95% CI .751–.870). A higher risk of ischaemic stroke/TIA/SE was observed in VKA users compared to DOAC users (RR 1.100, 95% CI 1.020–1.220) and in VKA users compared to patients not taking OAC (RR 1.400, 95% CI 1.140–1.720). VKA use was associated with a greater risk of ICH/gastrointestinal bleeding than DOAC users (RR 1.198, 95% CI 1.066–1.347), while DOAC users had a lower risk compared to no OAC‐treated patients (RR .840, 95% CI .754–.936).

Conclusion

COVID‐19 patients taking prior DOACs were associated with lower long‐term mortality risk and ICH/gastrointestinal bleeding than patients not taking OAC. Compared to patients on DOACs, VKA users were associated with higher risks of mortality, ischaemic stroke/TIA/SE and ICH/gastrointestinal bleeding.
The impact of blockchain on firms' environmental and social performance
Authors: Bernard Carole , Cardot Rebecca , Jaballah Jamil
Published: August 2024

This paper studies the relationship between blockchain patents and firms' environmental and social performance. Using data from USPTO, we assess the effect of these patents on subcategories and aggregate grades for social and environmental dimensions. Our results show a negative main effect of blockchain‐related patents on social and environmental grades. However, this effect is moderated by company size and focus on R&D. We exploit the first legislation favorable to blockchain in the United States and find a positive effect of blockchain patents on environmental grades, showing a change in corporate behavior regarding the use of blockchain.
Multiaxial fatigue rule applied to disc specimens with variable thickness subjected to an equibiaxial stress state
Authors: Villani Gianmarco , Aiello Giacomo , Belardi Valerio G. , Gourdin Cedric , Perez Gregory , Salvini Pietro , Sharma Rajat , Vivio Francesco , You Jeong‐Ha
Published: August 2024

Assessing multiaxial fatigue theories requires experimental verification of a failure criterion, posing a significant challenge. This study aims to investigate the validity of a multiaxial fatigue method based on the Lagoda‐Macha‐Sakane (LMS) theory. The LMS theory links the critical strain energy density to the fatigue crack initiation cycles through a non‐linear equation defined by a set of empirical parameters calibrated by a strain‐controlled uniaxial fatigue test. This work adopts the LMS formulation, numerically calibrating the fatigue curve based on strain energy density from uniaxial fatigue experimental data and considering only the LMS theory for the critical strain energy density computation. This method avoids compatibility condition uncertainties and previous identification of material parameters. The study uses bi‐axial bending tests on AISI 316 L steel plate specimens with 3D finite element analyses to support computational assessment. The predictive capability of the model and the effectiveness of the testing method are presented and discussed.