bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Superior Visual Timing Sensitivity in Auditory But Not Visual World Class Drum Corps Experts
Authors: Matthews Nestor , Welch Leslie , Festa Elena
Published: November 2018

World class drum corps require cooperation among performance artists to render precisely synchronized and asynchronized events. For example, drum corps visual aesthetics often feature salient radial and rotational motion displays from the color guard. Accordingly, extensive color guard training might predict superior visual timing sensitivity to asynchronies in radial and rotational motion displays. Less intuitively, one might instead predict superior visual timing sensitivity among world class drum corps musicians, who regularly subdivide musical tempos into brief time units. This prediction arises from the possibility that auditory training transfers cross-modally. Here, we investigated whether precise visual temporal order judgments (TOJs) more strongly align with color guard’s visual training or musicians’ auditory training. To mimic color guard visual displays, stimuli comprised bilateral plaid patterns that radiated or rotated before changing direction asynchronously. Human participants indicated whether the direction changed first on the left or right, called a TOJ. Twenty-five percussionists, 67 brass players, and 29 color guard members from a world class drum corps collectively completed 67,760 visual TOJ trials. Percussionists exhibited significantly lower TOJ thresholds than did brass players, who exhibited significantly lower TOJ thresholds than did the color guard. Group median thresholds spanned an order of magnitude, ranging between 29 ms (percussionists judging rotational asynchronies) and 290 ms (color guard judging radial asynchronies). The results suggest that visual timing can improve more by training cross-modally than intramodally, even when intramodal training and testing stimuli closely match. More broadly, pre-existing training histories can provide a unique window into the timing sensitivity of the nervous system.
Lastvine - eneolitičko nalazište u Benkovcu
Authors: Marijanović Ljubko , Marijanović Brunislav
Published: November 2018

U članku se obrađuju rezultati iskopavanja koja su 2009. – 2010. provedena na eneolitičkom naselju Lastvine u Benkovcu kod Zadra. Na temelju tipoloških i stilskih karakteristika keramičke građe, koja čini najbrojniju skupinu arheoloških nalaza, nalazište je sa sigurnošću moguće pripisati ranomu eneolitiku i povezati s više istodobnih pećinskih nalazišta na širem području istočnog Jadrana i zaleđa čiju najvažniju karakteristiku čini kanelirana keramika. Međutim, za razliku od njih, Lastvine su prvo nalazište na otvorenom, a istodobno i prvo jednoslojno naselje s tom keramičkom vrstom. Osim toga, stanovite razlike postoje i u tehnici izvođenja toga ukrasa.
STRATEGI DAN KEBIJAKAN PRODUKSI PADA BUDIDAYA IKAN NILA BERDAYA SAING
Authors: Hadie Lies Emmawati , Kusnendar Endhay , Priono Bambang , Sinarni Dewi Raden Roro Sri Pudji , Hadie Wartono
Published: November 2018

Kontribusi perikanan budidaya termasuk ikan nila terhadap ekonomi perikanan dan ekonomi nasional, menunjukkan nilai strategis dengan Nilai Tukar Pembudidaya Ikan mencapai 99,72. Khususnya kontribusi komoditas nila mencapai 30,72 % dari total produksi ikan bersirip nasional tahun 2015. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa strategi jangka pendek yang diperlukan adalah penerapan tehnik budidaya yang efisien pada komoditas nila unggul merupakan kebutuhan mendesak untuk mencapai produktivitas yang kompetitif. Strategi jangka menengah yang perlu dipertimbangkan adalah pemanfaatan tambak darat untuk budidaya nila sebagai upaya perluasan lahan budidaya selain kolam dan karamba jaring apung yang telah eksis. Kebutuhan induk unggul nila dapat di produksi secara massal melalui beberapa brodstock center milik pemerintah maupun perusahaan swasta yang telah beroperasi. Antisipasi kebijakan dalam merespon Inpres No.7 Tahun 2016 adalah pengembangan industri pakan ikan skala kecil dan pemanfaatan induk unggul dalam perspektif pertumbuhan dan perluasan yang mencakup dua aspek kebijakan sebagai berikut : (a) Pengembangan produksi berbasis potensi pasar yang dikomplemen dengan perbaikan sistem budidaya ikan, dan (b) Pengembangan inovasi kelembagaan dan sistem insentif dalam mendukung ketersediaan dan akses sarana produksi utama pada usaha budidaya nila skala kecil. The contribution of aquaculture including tilapia to fishery economy and national economy shows strategic value with Fisheries Term of Trade reaching 99.72. Especially the contribution of tilapia commodities reaches 30.72% of the total national finned fish production in 2015.Result of the analysis showed that application of efficient cultivation techniques to superior tilapia commodities is a short-term strategy to achieve competitive productivity. The medium-term strategy is the use of terrestrial ponds for tilapia cultivation as an effort to expand cultivation land in addition to ponds and floating net cages that already exist. The needs of superior tilapia parents can be mass produced through several government broodstock centers and private companies that have been operating. Anticipation of policies in responding to Presidential Decree No.7 of 2016 is the development of small-scale fish feed industry and utilization of superior broodstock in the perspective of growth and expansion which includes two aspects of policy as follows : (a) Development of market-based potential production that is complemented by improved fish farming systems; and (b) Development of institutional innovations and incentive systems in support of availability and access to key production facilities on small-scale tilapia aquaculture.
‘Impartial Sources’ and the Registration of Religious Communities in Finland*
Authors: Mäkelä Essi Eleonoora
Published: November 2018

The Freedom of Religion Act in Finland dates to 1922, but before 2003 only one community with no connections with the so-called world religions, 'scientific' Totuuden ystävät, was registered (in 1958). In 2003 an evaluative board was established to supervise registration. The number of rejected applications has been growing since the 1990s. Because these all concern minority movements, the Finnish case can shed light on the worldwide interest in state responses to minority religions. This article analyses the applications of three groups: La Sociedad del Amor de Dios (2015) and Suomen Äärimmäisen Vapaa Eristinen Liike (2016), both of which were unsuccessful, and Karhun kansa (2013), which was successful. Key questions include 'On what basis does the board of experts reject or approve the applications of new or "alternative" religious groups?' and 'What role do "impartial sources" play in the decision-making process of the board?'.
Global Insecure Attachment Predicts Indicators of Caregiving Faith Development among Australianbased African Pentecostals in New South Wales
Authors: Counted Victor
Published: November 2018

This article reports on the association between global attachment styles and aspects of caregiving faith development that involve representations of God as a symbolic attachment figure in a cross-sectional cohort of 261 African Pentecostals in New South Wales, Australia. In particular, the applicability of the correspondence and compensation hypotheses of the adult attachment theory was tested by conducting bivariate and multivariate analyses, controlling for covariates such as age, gender, education level, and relationship status. After adjusting for covariates, insecure-avoidant attachment in human relationship experiences remained a significant predictor of indicators of caregiving faith, which involved proximity to God, perceiving God as a safe haven and secure base, and seeing God as a response to separation anxiety, thus supporting the caregiving faith compensation model in the attachment-religion framework and the role of trait-based attachment processes in faith development. Additional support for the compensatory attachment model is seen in the moderation analysis results-accounting for about 57% of the variance in attachment-affiliation with God-which reveal that African Pentecostals who are not in a relationship (single) and are avoidantly attached showed a trend towards developing attachment-to-God caregiving faith, compared to those in a relationship (married) who had lower level of attachment to God. Several study implications are discussed.
Multiple sclerosis: disease modifying therapy and the human leukocyte antigen
Authors: Werneck Lineu Cesar , Lorenzoni Paulo José , Kay Cláudia Suemi Kamoi , Scola Rosana Herminia
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the potential relationship between the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type (class I and II) and the response to several disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: We analyzed clinical data of 87 patients with MS at the beginning and end of each type of DMT including the disease duration, Expanded Disability Status Scale and Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS). Genotyping of HLA-DRB1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C alleles were identified using high-resolution techniques. Statistical correlation between the HLA type and response to DMTs was done using the initial and final MSSS. Results: Statistical relationships (p < 0.05) were found for only 15 of 245 alleles tested. There was a reduction in the MSSS for patients treated with corticosteroids (DRB1*15:01, DPB1*04:01, DQB1*02:01 and DQB1*03:01), azathioprine (DRB1*03:01, DPB1*04:01, DQB1*03:02, DQB1*06:02, HLA-C*07:02), interferon β-1a 22 mcg (DRB1*11:04, DQB1*03:01 and DQB1*03:02), interferon β-1a 30 mcg (DPB1*02:01, HLA-C*05:01) and interferon β-1b (DQB1*02:01). Conclusion: These findings suggest a few relationships between the HLA and response to DMTs in the disability for some types of HLA class I and II alleles in a specific subset of MS patients.
Botulinum toxin A (BT-A) versus low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in chronic migraine treatment: a comparison
Authors: Loeb Luana Mazzacoratti , Amorim Rebeca Padrão , Mazzacoratti Maria da Graça Naffah , Scorza Fulvio Alexandre , Peres Mario Fernando Prieto
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to evaluate patients with chronic migraine treated with botulinum toxin A (BT-A) and compare this with low level laser therapy (LLLT), referencing: pain days, pain intensity, intake of drugs/self-medication, anxiety and sleep disorders. Methods: Patients were randomized into two groups: BT-A group (n = 18) and LLLT group (n = 18). Each patient kept three pain diaries: one before (baseline) (30 days), one during treatment (30 days) and one after the post-treatment phase (30 days). Repeated ANOVA plus the Bonferroni post-test, Student's t test, and factorial analysis were applied, and p < 0.05 was accepted as significant. Results: Our data showed that both treatments were able to reduce headache days, acute medication intake and decrease the intensity of pain. Anxiety was reduced in the BT-A group, while sleep disturbance was reduced in the LLLT group. Conclusion: Our data showed that both treatments can be used to treat chronic migraine, without notable differences between them.
Formação de clusters na docência por interesse de pesquisa: método de auxílio à tomada de decisões em cursos de nível superior
Authors: MANSILHA Ricardo Brandão , SELLITTO Miguel Afonso , LACERDA Daniel Pacheco , SERRANO Rosiane
Published: November 2018

Resumo Este artigo apresenta o resultado da utilização de uma abordagem de análise multivariada e clusterização de docentes para tomada de decisões no curso de Engenharia de Produção em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior. Para isso, primeiramente, é realizada uma revisão conceitual sobre a importância da seleção e alocação de docentes nas diversas atividades de ensino, tais como bancas, orientações e atuação em sala de aula. Posteriormente, o presente estudo propõe um novo contexto de aplicação de ferramentas de clusterização, amplamente utilizadas em ambientes de manufatura, no contexto educacional, apresentando um método para clusterização dos docentes por temas de pesquisa, além do resultado prático da aplicação desse método em um curso de Engenharia de Produção. Por fim, são expostas algumas avaliações e considerações no intuito de contribuir com a gestão de cursos de nível superior, bem como de impulsionar e ampliar a base conceitual para aplicação dessa abordagem junto às instituições de ensino.
Dialogical elements in Harris, Dewey, Cutter, Otlet, Kaiser, and Ranganathan: Theoretical convergences in the history of Knowledge Organization
Authors: SALES Rodrigo de , MARTÍNEZ-ÁVILA Daniel , GUIMARÃES José Augusto
Published: November 2018

Abstract In this paper, we study the theoretical intersections and dialogues between some foundational authors on classification and indexing of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that helped developing the theoretical-methodological framework of knowledge organization. More specifically, we highlight and analyze the theoretical convergences of Harris, Dewey, Cutter, Otlet, Kaiser, and Ranganathan as they can provide a clearer picture of the historical and theoretical contributions to the epistemological foundations of knowledge organization. Our methodology follows a critical-descriptive approach to the analysis of the main contributions of the authors and the critical reflections of some specialists and biographers. We continue with a discussion of the links between bibliographic classifications and knowledge organization drawing on the ideas of Bliss; then, we divide our historical narrative between the theoretical contributions during the nineteenth-century (Harris, Dewey, and Cutter) and the twentieth century (Otlet, Kaiser, and Ranganathan); and finally, we present a discussion of the history of knowledge organization from the point of view of the theoretical and methodological development of classification and indexing at the turn of the nineteenth century to the twentieth century. We conclude with some remarks on their main contributions to the development of the knowledge organization field.
Properties of high tensile steels in historical railway bridges
Authors: Hołowaty Janusz
Published: November 2018

During the routine testing of structural steels in bridges in western Poland, on two segments of railway lines built back in 1875, it was revealed that four bridge structures had been manufactured from steels of higher tensile strength than regular mild steel. These bridges had been constructed as three-span structures, simply supported and continuous. They had been built during the reconstructions to meet heavier railroad loadings introduced in the 1920s. For each structure, chemical composition, strength, hardness and notch toughness were tested. In the first two bridges, medium-carbon steel was detected. In the other two bridges, silicon steel was found to have been used. The ultimate strengths of these steels were higher than 500 MPa. The strength test results were surprising, as there are only a few reports of using such steels in early railway bridges. The mechanical properties of the steels were tested under naturally aged and normalised conditions, allowing the assessment of ageing effects.
Applicability of Biomarker Analysis in Primary Prevention (through awareness) for Street Runners
Authors: Rosa Gabriel , Pereira de Aquino Gessyca , Rogério Petreça Daniel , Cristina de Araújo Montoro Lima Malu , Campos Renata , Auswaldt Steclan Chelin
Published: November 2018

INTRODUCTION: Street runner is a health-friendly and low-cost practice, which makes it currently biased worldwide. However, this prophylaxis unaccompanied by qualified professionals culminates in a higher incidence of lesions. OBJECTIVES: The aim this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intervention at the primary level (awareness of habits and behaviors that modulate the physiological and biochemistry responses) given by qualified professionals through the analysis of biochemical and physiological parameters, in order to promote health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample had 28 runners (both sexes) with mean age of 32.8 ± 7.2, subdivided into control group (without intervention) and test group (submitted to intervention/orientation on modifiable aspects before and after training, for example: feeding/hydration, metabolic/hormonal control, breathing, and posture). Two evaluations were performed, with a 45-day interval in both groups. In each evaluation, the participants were submitted to a 10 minute exercise test (mean intensity), and before and after the test the following parameters were measured: blood glucose and lactate, and spirometry. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: Spirometric data demonstrated that the airway functionality increased significantly (p= 0.005) through the Tiffeneau index only in the test group, which in fact is directly related to the change in the metabolic profile. For the glycemic and lacthemic findings, the test group showed only tendency to maintain and decrease these parameters, respectively. However, even if based, these results demonstrate that there was a beneficial modification of the parameters analyzed after primary intervention. These results reinforce the applicability of the analysis and awareness on biochemical and physiological biomarkers for the promotion of health extrapolating the laboratory and clinical environment. CONCLUSION: Thus, the potential applicability of the intervention by educational processes of awareness is shown here, using basic parameters of biochemistry and physiology as a tool, aiming at the promotion of health at the primary level.
Academic Reinforcement Project of Biochemistry I Discipline of UFRGS Pharmacy Course
Authors: Glasser Viviane , Bitencourt Camila , Baltar Pinto de Oliveira Lohanna , Maria Oliveira Pierre Patrícia , Carolina da Costa Lara Fioreze Ana
Published: November 2018

INTRODUCTION: Cell biology is a subject of difficult comprehension among the topics discussed in Biology in High School. Usually, whether the teacher lacks teaching alternative methods, these classes can become purely theoretical and abstract to students. Moreover, understanding cell biology is essential for learning other subjects, such as Biochemistry. OBJECTIVES: A theoretical-practical course was offered to 20 students from a high school of Curitibanos-SC in order to provide a better understanding of cell biology, as well as to verify whether the students' concept about this topic changed after the course. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prior to the course, the students answered a questionnaire, composed by questions regarding which topics are studied in cell biology, the student previous experience observing some sample under a light microscope, and other questions for the selection of students according to their interest in the biological area. At the end of the course, the participants answered another questionnaire, including the same question about what cell biology studies, whether they had previously handled a microscope, among other questions that aimed the course evaluation by the participants. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The first questionnaire was answered by 37 students, and 64.9% had the perception of what Cell Biology studies. Moreover, 59.5% stated that they had already visualized cells under the light microscope, 32.4% did not observe them and 8.1% did not remember. The second questionnaire was answered by 13 students present on the last day of the course. All students agreed the course will assist them in their studies and were able to explain how, and 84.6% satisfactorily answered what cell biology studies. Also, 92.3% of the students affirmed they had not handled a microscope before attending the course. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the course improved the students' perception about cell biology, contributing to their knowledge about this subject.
STUDY INTO STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF SOLDERS BASED ON ALUMINUM AND ZINC IN THE FORM OF SMALL-SECTION CAST BARS
Authors: Nikitin K. V. , Timoshkin I. Yu. , Nikitin V. I.
Published: November 2018

The study covers Al–Cu–Si (A34 grade) and Zn–Al–Cu (Welco52 grade) solders. It is found that A34 solder (Al–28%Cu–6%Si) melts and crystallizes in a narrow range of temperatures (~18 °C). Solidus and liquidus temperatures of A34 solder are ~508 °С and ~526 °С, respectively. Zn–Al–Cu (Zn–4%Al–2,5% Cu) solder has a eutectic composition, so it melts and crystallizes at a constant temperature of ~389 °С. Densities of investigated solders in their liquid and solid states are studied. A34 solder has a density of 3,02 and 3,32 g/cm3 , respectively. Zinc solder density is 6,28 g/cm3 in the liquid state, and 6,69 g/cm3 in the solid state. The influence of casting conditions on the structure of cast alloys in the form of bars with cross sections of 13, 10, and 5 mm2 was investigated. Main structural components of solder alloys reduce in size as cross sections decrease. The aluminium-based solid solution dendrites and CuAl2 phase are reduced in the A34 solder microstructure. In zinc solders, the most severely reduced ones are zinc-based solid solution dendrites. The best castability is observed in melts obtained from 5 mm2 section bar solders with studied sample gaps of 2,0, 1,5 and 1,0 mm. Eutectic zinc solder features better castability in comparison with A34: castability of the melt obtained from the 5 mm2 section zinc solder rod with a sample gap width of 2,0 mm is 100 % (for A34 melt solder obtained from a rod of the same cross section it was 98 %). Experiments on soldering AK12 alloy plates and 3003 alloy sheets demonstrated that there is a tight border in the solder/base material system and no any defects such as pores or unsoldered areas. There was a slight interpenetration of solder alloys into base materials, especially when soldering AK12 cast plates.
SOME ASPECTS OF INFLUENCE EXERTED BY LARGE-SCALE EFFECT NATURE AT CYCLIC TESTS ON OPERATION AND RELIABILITY OF ALUMINUM ALLOY PRODUCTS
Authors: Chernyshov E. A. , Romanov A. D. , Mylnikov V. V.
Published: November 2018

The article describes a study into the large-scale effect and properties of surface layers of solids in case of the Al–Mg system (AMg2) aluminum alloy. It demonstrates the dependence of surface layer properties on the absolute sizes of bodies. The conclusions obtained can be extended to studying the influence of different shapes of solids on their surface and linear bulk properties. New technology development and technological advance constantly toughen metal consumption requirements of engineering devices thus making it rather difficult to avoid fatigue striations and cracks forming in critical parts. In certain cases they may form at the earliest stages of operation, i.e. parts run with cracks most of their life cycle. Therefore, comprehensive assessment of their performance and life requires reliable data on the evolution of cyclic strength and durability parameters, and maximum information on the process of damage accumulation at all stages of fatigue loading: stages of crack origin and development leading to structural failure. Therefore, the need to improve the methods of fatigue testing and failure pattern detection is one of the most relevant problems of technical advance. It is established that the difference in deformation at a surface leads to changes in work-hardenability that involves changes in surface damageability and strength performance of samples. An approach to the large-scale effect as a phenomenon is considered from the perspective of the difference in surface layer plastic deformation for samples of different absolute sizes.
STUDY INTO STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF TWO-PHASE TITANIUM ALLOY DURING THERMAL DEFORMATION PROCESSING
Authors: Churyumov A. Yu. , Spasenko V. V. , Hazhina D. M. , Mikhaylovskaya A. V. , Solonin A. N. , Prosviryakov A. S.
Published: November 2018

This paper studies Ti–3,5Fe–4Cu–0,2B two-phase titanium alloy behavior during its thermal deformation processing under uniaxial compression. Boron was added to obtain a fine-grained structure in the cast state. Samples of alloys 6 mm in diameter were obtained by melting pure components in a vacuum induction furnace with their subsequent crystallization into a solid copper mold. Uniaxial compression tests with a true strain of 0,9 were performed using the Gleeble 3800 thermal-mechanical physical simulation system at 750, 800 and 900 °C and strain rates of 0,1; 1 and 10 s–1. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the microstructure of the alloy in its initial and deformed states. A model of flow stress dependence on temperature and strain rate was built as a result of the tests. It is shown that pressure treatment involves recrystallization of the initial cast structure containing solid solutions based on α-Ti, β-Ti and titanium diboride aggregates. During the deformation process, the volume fraction of α-titanium solid solution grains decreases with rising temperature, and the fraction of the β phase, on the contrary, increases. In this case, the average grain size of solid solutions based on α-Ti and β-Ti varies insignificantly after deformation in almost all of the studied modes. It is shown that the preferred mode of hot pressure treatment for obtaining a high complex of mechanical properties in the investigated alloy is a temperature range of 750– 800 °C, since α-phase grain sizes increase from 2,2 to 4,5 μm with an increase in temperature to 900 °C.
Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of (Al–2%Mn)–10%TiC and (Al–5%Cu–2%Mn)–10%TiC nanostructured composite alloys when doped with manganese powder
Authors: Luts A. R. , Amosov A. P. , Latukhin E. I. , Rybakov A. D. , Novikov V. A. , Shipilov S. I.
Published: November 2018

The paper studies the effect of doping with manganese powder on the production of (Al–2%Mn)–10%TiC and (Al–5%Cu– 2%Mn)–10%TiC nanostructured composite alloys by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of TiC titanium carbide nanoparticles from Ti + C charge in the melt of matrix alloys. First, manganese metal powder was added to the matrix bases of Al and Al–5%Cu composite alloys in the amount of 2 wt%. This improved aluminum base tensile strength from 81 MPa (for the original A7 grade aluminum) to 136 MPa and aluminum-copper base tensile strength to 169 MPa. It was found that when aluminum was doped with manganese only, the SHS reaction proceeded weakly and not completely, and the carbide phase size in the resulting alloy (Al–2%Mn)–10%TiC varied from nanoscale to several micrometers. When 10% Na2TiF6halide salt was added to the SHS charge, the SHS process intensified, but the resulting alloy contained a considerable amount of pores, inclusions of unreacted charge and large agglomerates of TiC ceramic nanosized particles. Similar results were obtained in cases of using Ti + C and Ti + C + 10%Na2TiF6SHS charges, but with joint doping of matrix aluminum with copper and manganese, providing more uniform distribution of the TiC nanodispersed phase. The best results were obtained by reducing the Na2TiF6salt additive to 5 % of the SHS charge mass, which facilitated smoother and complete synthesis of predominantly TiC nanosized particles and the formation of a non-porous uniform microstructure of (Al–5%Cu–2%Mn)–10%TiC composite alloy with an ultimate tensile strength of 213 MPa and 6,6 % elongation.
SHS-aided joining of ceramics with Ta substrate
Authors: Kamynina O. K. , Vadchenko S. G. , Shchukin A. S.
Published: November 2018

The possibility of joining ceramic materials with a Ta substrate was explored in the conditions of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). The sample used in experiments consisted of Ta foils, Ti + 0,65C pellet, 5Ti + 3Si pellet, and a Ti + 2B igniting tape laid between them. The sample was installed onto a BN base and covered by a chamotte brick (SiO2+ Al2O3) plate with a weight of 3,36 kg placed on top in order to reduce heat sink. Experiments were performed in a closed reactor under 1 atm of Ar. Samples were preheated from the bottom, after which SHS reaction was initiated from the butt. Temperature was monitored with three W/Re thermocouples. Depending on heating rate, temperature gradient along the sample depth had a value of 50–150 deg/mm. The samples obtained exhibited strong joining between Ta foil and Ti + 0,65C and also between the two pellets. The upper foil did not stick to the 5Ti + 3Si pellet, which can be explained by low temperature at the interface (1600 °C). At the Ta–TiC interface, the formation of Ti–Ta and (Ti, Ta)C interlayers was observed. The studies conducted demonstrate the possibility of Ta foil joining with ceramic materials under SHS conditions. Main conditions for this joint are the presence of a liquid phase and Ti + 0,65C combustion temperature matching the Ta substrate melting temperature. The results may be useful for deposition of multilayer functional coatings and functionally graded materials.
Study into the effect of strengthening phase amount in aluminum-based dispersion-hardened composite on failure process regularities
Authors: Mylnikov V. V. , Romanov A. D. , Chernyshov E. A.
Published: November 2018

The paper presents the results obtained when studying static tensile strength of aluminum-based cast dispersion-hardened composites with a different content of the Al2O3strengthening phase. The investigated materials are manufactured using a fundamentally different technology for the production of cast dispersion-hardened aluminum composites based on the process of burning out the aluminum melt when interacting with oxygen or an oxygen-nitrogen mixture. The fractographic patterns of static failure surfaces are stidued on samples failed at maximum stress values. It is found that samples with the low Al2O3content have a purely viscous failure pattern consisting mainly of a single fibrous zone. The fracture pattern shows a radial area with a solid phase doubled, while a tripled Al2O3content causes viscous failure by the separation and shear mechanism alternated with brittle cleavage failure signs. The fracture profile diagrams of samples containing 10 % and 30 % of solid phase inclusions reveal no sharp relief differences, but demonstrate a completely different failure pattern. However, in both cases profile diagrams feature no any abrupt jumps in the relief or extreme profile values, so it is possible to assert that failure processes are stable. This is not true for the 20 % Al2O3sample failure showing a rather significant one-time drop. Optical microscopy reveals features of changes in the failure surface relief and the difference in the location and number of fracture origins in the studied samples.
Structure of diamond-matrix interface and durability of diamond tool obtained by diamond metallization with chromium during WC–Сo briquette sintering with copper impregnation
Authors: Sharin P. P. , Akimova M. P. , Yakovleva S. P. , Popov V. I.
Published: November 2018

The paper studies the structure, elemental and phase composition of the diamond-matrix interface in a diamond tool for abrasive wheel dressing manufactured using a new hybrid technology that combines thermal diffusion metallization of diamond with chromium and sintering of a matrix based on WC–6%Co carbide powder mixture with copper impregnation in a single cycle of vacuum furnace operation. During matrix sintering, the compact arrangement of chromium powder particles around diamond grains and the shielding effect of copper foil create favorable conditions that ensure the thermal diffusion metallization of diamond. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy show that temperature-time modes and sintering conditions specified in the experiment provide for a metal coating chemically bonded to diamond that is formed on the diamond surface and consists of chromium carbide phases and cobalt solid solution in chromium providing durable diamond retention in the copper-impregnated carbide matrix. In this case, matrix structure and microhardness except for areas directly adjacent to the diamond-matrix interface remain the same as for the matrix of a powder mixture sintered without chromium. Comparative tests of similar diamond dressing pens were carried out and showed the high effectiveness of the hybrid technology in obtaining diamond-containing composites intended for tool applications. It is shown that the specific productivity of a pen prototype made using the hybrid technology was 51,50 cm3/mg when dressing a grinding wheel of green silicon carbide that is 44,66 % higher than the similar indicator for the sametype check pen made by the traditional method.
Comparative study of structural phase condition and mechanical properties of Ni–Cr(X) и Fe–Cr(Х) heat-resistant alloys obtained using additive technologies
Authors: Kolobov Yu. R. , Prokhorov A. N. , Manokhin S. S. , Tokmacheva-Kolobova A. Yu. , Serebryakov D. I. , Afanasiev V. V.
Published: November 2018

The comparative study covers the features of formation, thermal stability of structure and mechanical properties of heatresistant Ni and Fe based alloys obtained using additive technologies (AT) by direct metal laser sintering, selective laser melting. It is found that alloys obtained by direct metal laser sintering have a cellular structure formed with small pores up to 200 nm in size, in contrast to alloys obtained by selective laser melting having elements with a globular and lamellar morphology and not completely melted areas as well as large pores about 5 μm in size. The study reveals a possible effect of nanophase hardening due to the presence of nanosized particles of chromium silicides in the material. A comparative analysis of the mechanical properties of studied materials is carried out. It is shown that the iron-based alloys have higher strength and lower ductility compared to nickel alloys. All studied samples obtained by selective laser melting demonstrate higher strength characteristics in comparison with alloys obtained by laser metal deposition. As a result of short-term annealing at a temperature of 900–1000 °C for 1 h leads to a significant reduction in the plasticity and strength of iron-based AT alloys during tensile and compression tests at room and elevated temperatures. During compression tests at t = 900 °C, iron-and nickel-based alloys obtained by laser metal deposition have similar strength characteristics. Unlike iron-based alloys, additional annealing of nickel-based AT alloys has virtually no impact on its strength properties.
Investigation of X-ray radiation effect on the structure and microhardness of tungsten powder filled composite
Authors: Lozovan A. A. , Vilkov F. E.
Published: November 2018

The study focuses on the radiation resistance of a composite filled with fine tungsten powder having the 200–500 nm particle size. The studied composite is designed to provide radiation protection of electronic equipment. A sample with the test material was exposed to continuous spectrum X-ray radiation to an absorbed dose of 3 MGy. A characteristic of radiation resistance was sample microhardness measured before and after X-ray irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the microstructure of a sample transverse cleavage after irradiation, and it was found that the sample had no visible defects in its structure. This result can be explained by uniform energy dispersion from local stresses due to high degree of composite filling with tungsten powder having a high thermal conductivity coefficient. The study of sample microhardness showed its 10 % increase attributable to the radiation hardening effect where increasing strength results in a simultaneous increase in microhardness. Experiments proved that this effect is manifested with an increase in the absorbed radiation dose.
Basic Income: The Potential for Gendered Empowerment?
Authors: Koslowski Alison , Duvander Ann-Zofie
Published: November 2018

Basic income is likely to gain momentum as the next social welfare trend to sweep over the world with ideas of how to improve the fairness and efficiency of distributing money. Other earlier movements with similar ambitions to transform societies, ranging across the political spectrum from socialism to neo-liberalism, have led to very different consequences for strata of citizens, but have in common that they have de-prioritised gender equality in favour of other interests. Advocates of basic income suggest that in addition to pragmatic gains, such as a more efficient state administration, primarily a basic income will empower citizens, leading to the potential for greater human flourishing. Our question is whether this empowerment will be gendered and if so, how? So far, the basic income debate addresses gender only in so far as it would raise the income of the poorest, of whom a larger proportion are women. However, it is less clear how it might contribute to a transformation of gendered behaviour, making possible divergent shapes of life where binary and set notions of gender are not a restriction. We discuss the idea of basic income from a perspective of gender equality in the Swedish context.
“Sweden Has Been Naïve”: Nationalism, Protectionism and Securitisation in Response to the Refugee Crisis of 2015
Authors: Ericson Mathias
Published: November 2018

Fake news, disinformation campaigns, xenophobia, political resentment, and a general backlash on equality issues mark the current political climate. In this context, the idealism of the Swedish welfare state has gained a specific symbolic value. This article investigates how the idealisation of Sweden as a modern and gender-equal country was articulated as a focal point in the establishment of threat and crisis narratives in the political debate of the refugee crisis of 2015. The article shows how progressive and egalitarian ideals were viewed as outdated and naïve, but at the same time put forward as core values worthy of protection. The title refers to the statement made by the Swedish Prime Minister in 2015 stating that “Sweden has been naïve” and serves as an example of how the myth of Sweden as an exceptionally modern, secular, and equal society was evoked in processes of securitisation, nationalistic protectionism, and normalisation of xenophobia. The article concludes that the articulation of Swedish exceptionalism in the establishment of threat and crisis narratives may reproduce and enhance social inequality and polarisation.
A New Service Class in the Public Sector? The Role of Femonationalism in Unemployment Policies
Authors: Mulinari Paula
Published: November 2018

This article aims to explore the content embedded in the figuration of ‘foreign-born unemployed women’ and how discourses of gender equality are used to create an emerging racialised service class within the Swedish public sector. Influenced by the concept of femonationalism, the article explores how the introduction of the Extra Services unemployment reforms facilitates the creation of a service class whose purpose is to make it possible for the regular workforce to continue to function despite cutbacks and the neoliberal management of professional care work in the public sector. The study identifies a shift in the discourse, where, while migrant women continue to be represented as victims in public discourses concerning unemployment, they are also represented as being lazy and unwilling to work, qualities that legitimate the need for more repressive interventions towards the group, often described as feminist interventions that will rescue migrant women and their children.
Gender Equality and Beyond: At the Crossroads of Neoliberalism, Anti-Gender Movements, “European” Values, and Normative Reiterations in the Nordic Model
Authors: Nygren Katarina Giritli , Martinsson Lena , Mulinari Diana
Published: November 2018

The social-democratic-inspired “Nordic model”, with its agenda for gender equality, has been an important example for the development of political interventions to transform society but at the same time, it has been functioning as an emerging gender normalising and stabilising structure. The last decade it has also become focused by antigender movements and ethno-nationalistic parties both as emblematic for the Nordic nations as well as a threat that must be destroyed to save the nation. This issue will elaborate further on gender equality as a node, a floating signifier in powerful and often contradictory discourses situating the discussions within the tradition of scholarships of hope through a dialogue about articles that search for realistic utopias that might be considered to be “beyond gender equality”. The included articles engage with the messiness and crossroads of gender equality in relation to the work-line, territories, neo-liberalism, religion, the crisis of solidarity and the success of anti-genderism agenda.
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: a report of cases and a literature review
Authors: Alieva S. B. , Zaderenko I. A. , Mudunov A. M. , Nazarenko A. V. , Mochal’nikova V. V. , Karp O. N. , Azizyan R. I. , Akhundov A. A. , Aslanukov V. Т. , Trofimova O. P. , Khromushina A. V. , Каzimov A. E.
Published: November 2018

The article is devoted to the diagnosis and treatment of an extremely rare tumor – a sarcoma from follicular dendritic cells with extranodal lesion in the region of the head and neck. These tumors are characterized by a high potential for metastasis and recurrence. Difficulties in choosing the optimal treatment tactics are associated with a small number of observations. Surgical, radiotherapeutics and chemotherapy methods are used. The literature data and the description of 2 own clinical observations of the sarcoma from follicular dendritic cells (with the involvement of the maxillary sinus and the nasal cavity) are presented. Treatment (surgery followed by radiotherapy) was successful. The appointment of adjuvant therapy improves the results of treatment in comparison with the surgical method alone.
EVALUATION OF SERUM IRISIN WITH LIPID PROFILE IN TYPE-2 DIABETIC PATIENTS IN SULAIMANI
Authors: Maarouf Fenk , Mohammed Mohammed , Omer Nazaneen , Nore Beston
Published: November 2018

Background 

Obesity has become one of the most growing global risk factor for many diseases and metabolic disorders, including Type -2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Irisin is a recently discovered myokine hormone and has a primary structure of 112 amino acids. It is expressed and secreted by muscles in response to physical activities that control obesity and delay insulin resistance. Several studies show decrease in Irisin levels in a number of metabolic disorders, but the Irisin status is unknown in diabetic patients in our region.

Objectives 

To evaluate the level of serum Irisin with serum lipid profile in T2DM patients.

Patients and Methods

This study was carried out on 256 individuals, 156 T2DM patients (study group) and 100 non-diabetic individuals (control group) in Sulaimani diabetic centre. The serum level of irisin, glucose, urea, creatinine, lipid profile, and glycated hemoglobin were determined using biochemical and immunological methods. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 14 software.

Results

The mean serum Irisin level was significantly higher (P<0.01) in the control group compared to T2DM (3.34±1.48 vs. 1.82±1.44) respectively. The body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in T2DM patients (31.06 ±5.3) compared to the control (28.55±3.9). The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly higher in T2DM, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was lower in T2DM compared to the control. The Atherogenic Index of plasma (AIP) was significantly higher inT2DM (1.9±0.44) compared to the control (1.2±0.59). There was a significant inverse association (p<0.001) between AIP and serum Irisin in both groups. 

Conclusions

Serum Irisin was significantly lower in T2DM compared to non-diabetic control. There was a significant inverse correlation between serum Irisin and AIP in both groups. However, there was no significant correlation between serum Irisin with age, gender and BMI in both groups.
PREVALENCE OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AMONG PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASES (ASTHMA, COPD, BRONCHIECTASIS) IN SULAIMANI
Authors: Karadakhy Kamaran , Haji Chrakhan
Published: November 2018

Background 

Role of vitamin D in respiratory diseases is still need to be addressed. Literatures showed lower levels of vitamin D was associated with a reduction of lung function assessed by FEV1 and FVC in normal subjects.

Objectives 

To assess the vitamin D level in patients with obstructive pulmonary diseases and matched controls, and to study the variability in vitamin D level with obstructive pulmonary disease characteristics.

Materials and Methods

A total of 102 cases with Obstructive Pulmonary Disease were enrolled and 127 healthy subjects as a control group. History taking, respiratory questionnaire, spirometry, chest CT scan and chest X-Ray had been used in the diagnosis. Patients with thyroid function disorder, vitamin D user, and bad compliance were excluded. Waters CE-Marks in Vitro Diagnostic Mass Trak Vitamin D Solution was used to determine the level of vitamin D in both groups. Lab values in ng/ml; Deficiency (<20 ng/ml), Insufficiency (20-29 ng\ml) and Sufficiency (30-100 ng\ml).

Results

All the data from both enrolled and control group were entered and analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20. From 102 cases two cases within normal value (1.7%), 88 cases (86.3%) Deficiency <20 ng/ml, 12 cases (11.8%) Insufficiency (20-29) ng/ml. Totally 100 cases (98.3 %) had low Vitamin D. The prevalence of low Vitamin D level in asthma was 96.3 %, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 100%, and bronchiectasis 100 %. Both age and smoking habit had a statistically significant relationship with Vitamin D level. 

Conclusion

The prevalence of low Vitamin D is very high in both patients and health group (98.3 % and 85.8%). Chronic ObstructivePulmonary Disease and bronchiectasis were 100% and asthma cases were 96.3%. Both age and smoking habit had a significant effect on Vitamin D level. Undiagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pumonary Disease was a big challenge in our study. We will recommend the parallel process of the diagnosis and screening for both ObstructivePulmonary Disease and Vitamin D level.
ASSESSMENT OF ANTICOAGULANT DRUGS IN ELIGIBLE PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Karem Omed , Hamza Karwan
Published: November 2018

Background 

Atrial fibrillation is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity from stroke and thromboembolism. Despite an efficacious oral anticoagulation, atrial fibrillation patients at high risk for stroke are often under-treated.

Objectives 

To detect the percentage of anticoagulant eligible patients with atrial fibrillation not receiving anticoagulant therapy and its causes, and whether the INR target is reached or not.

Materials and Methods

A cross-sectional study in the medical emergency department and neurology unit of Shar hospital in Slemani city was carried out, from the 1st of Jan 2017 to the 1st of Dec 2017, on a sample of two hundred and seventy-two patients with atrial fibrillation. Data were obtained from the patient’s case notes for their personal detail including age, sex, history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, vascular disease, heart failure, and thromboembolism.

Results

Two hundred seventy-two patients diagnosed with atrial Atrial Fibrillation, 148 (54.4%) females 124 (45.6%) males, mean age 70.43 years were ana­lyzed and among these patients, 24 had valvular AF and 248 had no valvular AF patients. Warfarin was prescribed in 54(19.85%), antiplatelet in 63 (23.16%) patients, new oral anticoagulant in 19 (6.98%) patients and no antithrombotic therapy in 136 (50%) patients. The common cause behind why most patients with AF were not prescribed anticoagulants was; not prescribed by a physician 107 (53.76%) patients. Regarding those patients prescribed warfarin only 26 (48.1) patients INR level was in the therapeutic range. 

Conclusion

This study demonstrates underuse of oral anticoagulation therapy for atrial fibrillation patients with high risk of stroke.