bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new $ \alpha $-robust nonlinear numerical algorithm for the time fractional nonlinear KdV equation
Authors: Li Caojie , Zhang Haixiang , Yang Xuehua
Published: January 2024

In this work, we consider an $ \alpha $-robust high-order numerical method for the time fractional nonlinear Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. The time fractional derivatives are discretized by the L1 formula based on the graded meshes. For the spatial derivative, the nonlinear operator is defined to approximate the $ uu_x $, and two coupling equations are obtained by processing the $ u_{xxx} $ with the order reduction method. Finally, the nonlinear difference schemes with order ($ 2-\alpha $) in time and order $ 2 $ precision in space are obtained. This means that we can get a higher precision solution and improve the computational efficiency. The existence and uniqueness of numerical solutions for the proposed nonlinear difference scheme are proved theoretically. It is worth noting the unconditional stability and $ \alpha $-robust stability are also derived. Moreover, the optimal convergence result in the $ L_2 $ norms is attained. Finally, two numerical examples are given, which is consistent with the theoretical analysis.
"It feels different when blindfolded": Developing social empathy through inclusive designs in STEM
Authors: Teo Tang Wee , Tan Aik Ling , Choy Ban Heng
Published: January 2024

Narratives about STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education are strongly connected with conversations about developing learners' humanistic knowledge and their ability to listen with understanding and empathy. This is challenging because learners need to find resonance through first-hand contextual experiences with the issues at hand. In this paper, we describe and discuss an activity that was enacted to actively engage 74 teachers from Thailand in constructing a prototype cutting device for the blind to prepare food themselves. This activity underscores important considerations for inclusive design and offers affordances for teachers to develop their learners' inclusive mindsets. Findings were generated from voice recordings of reflections and written reflections collected after the activity. We highlight the importance of creating opportunities for learning to listen and resonate with others' experiences and argue that such STEM activities can offer a platform for learners to develop humanistic qualities such as social empathy.
Teachers' Perspectives on Using Technology to Facilitate Pupil Participation
Authors: Öberg Johanna , Fors Uno , Zdravkovic Jelena
Published: January 2024

In the current digital era, technology plays a crucial role in facilitating diverse interactions that are essential for pupil engagement in the learning process. This article delves into the perspectives of secondary school teachers regarding the active participation of pupils in school activities through the utilization of digital technologies. The concept of participation is approached from two dimensions: passive presence and active involvement, with a specific focus on the latter, emphasizing active engagement. The study centers on the application of digital resources in Swedish grades 7–9 to promote pupil participation and enhance the learning experience. We examine the use, effectiveness, and areas requiring improvement of existing digital resources. Drawing from prior workshops involving teachers, we aim to elucidate educators’ viewpoints on the role of technology in enhancing pupil participation. Grounded in the Garrison and Andersson’s theoretical framework, the study advances the comprehension of the interactions necessary to foster an effective learning environment, as perceived by educators. The results derived from the thematic analysis yield four themes: 1) Interaction between teacher and pupil, 2) Interaction between pupil and content, 3) Interaction between pupil and pupil and 4) Extended interaction. The study concludes by outlining a set of guidelines in how digital resources can support pupil participation as the response to identified challenges.
Streaming Revolution
Authors: Behare Nitesh , Shitole Vinayak Chandrakant , Behare Shubhada Nitesh , Waghulkar Shrikant Ganpatrao , Mulla Tabrej , Sonawane Suraj Ashok
Published: January 2024

This chapter embarks on an engrossing journey, unravelling the transformational landscape of OTT media. It traces its humble beginnings to its disruptive force in the entertainment industry, exploring the impact on traditional media models. With on-demand content and cord-cutting on the rise, traditional broadcasters face challenges. Global expansion brings localized content and fierce competition between players, while technological innovations enhance user experiences with AI-driven personalization, VR, and AR. As the future of OTT unfolds, emerging business models and cutting-edge tech promise boundless possibilities. Understanding its historical context is vital, paving the way for an ever-evolving world of captivating entertainment.
The Reflections of the Digital Nomad Community on Social Media
Authors: Ili Burak
Published: January 2024

Digital nomads, who can be defined as individuals capable of conducting all their work digitally and frequently traveling without being tied to a fixed home or workplace, are pursuing a lifestyle characterized by flexibility and freedom. This research aims to uncover how the concept is defined on the Twitter social network, specifically within the context of the #digitalnomad hashtag. Designed as a qualitative study, content analysis was employed as the data analysis strategy. The obtained data were subjected to analysis using the qualitative analysis software MAXQDA. According to the findings, the most frequently used hashtags alongside #digitalnomad were found to be #workfromhome, #remotework, #remotejob, #workanywhere, #workfromanywhere, #freelance, #passiveincome, #entrepreneur, #travel, and #coworking. This indicates that the concept of digital nomadism is predominantly associated with financial freedom and promises individuals a more flexible lifestyle.
Unveiling Gender Dynamics in Digital Capitalism
Authors: Singha Surjit
Published: January 2024

In the intricate domain of digital capitalism, we are at a crossroads where promise and complexity intersect. This transition into the digital era necessitates a comprehensive comprehension of the difficulties and opportunities presented by new media technologies. The insights shared in this chapter provide a foundation for envisioning policies, strategies, and collaborations that can propel us toward a future where digital capitalism catalyzes profound social transformation. This envisioned future is one in which the digital landscape becomes a powerful instrument for dismantling profoundly ingrained gender biases, fostering inclusivity, and making gender equality a concrete reality. It represents a world in which the digital domain is not just a place to fantasize about equality but a platform where equality thrives. We can utilize the potential of technology to dismantle existing gender biases, thereby creating a digital world that fosters equality. This promises endless chances and gender equality for everybody.
Integration of Hybrid Nanomaterials and Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Bala Madhu , Sharma Ritika , Gupta Shilpa
Published: January 2024

The agricultural industry is a primary source of livelihood for the world's population. The importance of agriculture in ensuring a sustainable future is becoming even more evident as we deal with the problems generated by a growing global population. To address the challenges of food security, environmental preservation, and resource efficiency, the integration of hybrid nanomaterials with artificial intelligence (AI) represents a transformative approach to attain sustainable agriculture. This chapter will concentrate on the applications of hybrid nanomaterials and AI in agriculture, emphasising their functions in sustainable and smart farming. Further, researchers working in this domain will get an insight that how these two cutting edge techniques can be used for characterizing and quantifying the interactions between nanomaterials, plants, soil, and pests thereby paving the way for a more sustainable and productive future for agriculture.
Biomedical Applications of Hybrid Nanomaterials
Authors: Yingngam Bancha , Sethabouppha Benjabhorn , Yingngam Krit , Netthong Rojjares , Khumsikiew Jeerisuda , Donsamak Sisira , Navabhatra Abhiruj
Published: January 2024

The ever-evolving field of nanotechnology has led to groundbreaking advancements in biomedical science, particularly through the development of hybrid nanomaterials. This chapter explores the synthesis, characterization, and diverse biomedical applications of these materials, which combine the advantageous properties of both organic and inorganic constituents for optimized functionality. The text delves into the use of hybrid nanomaterials in areas such as drug delivery, diagnostics, tissue engineering, and biosensors. A key case study demonstrating the wound-healing applications of silver nanoparticle-loaded nanofibrous scaffolds is included. The chapter also addresses the challenges and ethical considerations associated with the clinical translation of these nanomaterials. Therefore, this chapter serves as a comprehensive guide for readers interested in understanding and harnessing the immense potential of hybrid nanomaterials in biomedical applications.
Impact of Education, Training, and Innovation Input on Artificial Intelligence Technology for Women's Empowerment
Authors: Chaurasia Suhashini Awadhesh , Deshpande Swapnil Govind , Amlani Neetu Ramesh , Shelke Nilesh , Bhende Deepali O. , Yasmeen Zohra M. Jabir , Samarth Priyanka Pramod , Chourasia Sumukh A.
Published: January 2024

Education is the all-round development of a person with respect to knowledge and behaviour. Education is a revolutionary step of women empowerment. The prerequisite for a good country is empowering the women in their homelands. Women are the soul of a family. Thus, if a woman gets educated, the entire family gets educated and thereby the entire nation. Women empowerment means authorizing a woman to think and take necessary actions in an independent manner. Earnings and education go hand in hand for women empowerment. The need of the hour is to awaken the women power by not only educating them but also promoting skill development by providing training in traditional and non-traditional works. The goal of this research is pondering the potential for empowerment of women through education and training.
Interactive College Drama Teaching Based on Internet Remote Technology
Authors: Wu Xiaoling , Sun Guodong
Published: January 2024

With the rapid change of information technology and the continuous development of internet technology, more and more colleges and universities have begun to try the interactive drama teaching mode based on internet remote technology. In the process of its development, this teaching mode has increasingly reflected its far-reaching educational significance and occupies an important position in the modern education model. It not only enables students to participate in the drama teaching mode under different spatial conditions, but also shares learning resources in a wider range, so that students can better and faster integrate into learning, greatly reducing the impact caused by time or space constraints. Therefore, this paper aims to study the development needs of internet remote technology and the drama teaching mode of Chinese colleges and universities, as well as the development needs of interactive drama teaching.
Arecanut aspiration: A mimic of eosinophilic lung disease
Authors: Kasthuri T. , Umasangar N. , Sathiadas M. G.
Published: January 2024

History suggestive of foreign body aspiration should not be disregarded. Similarly a negative history may mislead. We present a case of recurrent chest infection and very high eosinophil count which mislead to an eosinophilic lung disease. A bronchoscopy revealed an areconut and it causes an eosinophilic reaction.
Política exterior de la Santa Sede en el pontificado de Francisco: la relación con Turquía
Authors: Martínez Ramírez Axel Oswaldo
Published: January 2024

El escrutinio de la política exterior de la Santa Sede no suele ser sencillo. En el ejercicio de esta se ponen en práctica, inter alia, dos preceptos: el ecumenismo y el diálogo interreligioso. En este artículo, se examina cómo ocurre esto durante el Pontificado de Francisco hacia la República de Turquía para atacar el problema de la cristianofobia en el país. Al final, se demuestra que, si bien hay congruencia entre las palabras y las acciones de política exterior, desafortunadamente la cordialidad que se aprecia entre los líderes políticos y religiosos aún no permea a la ciudadanía turca.
Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis in an elderly patient undergoing androgen deprivation therapy for advanced prostate cancer: exploring the potential association
Authors: Halim Paulus Anthony , Yusharyahya Shannaz Nadia , Legiawati Lili , Astriningrum Rinadewi , Sirait Sondang P.
Published: January 2024

Porokeratosis is a group of chronic dermatoses characterized by the presence of cornoid lamellae. Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) is a common subtype, presenting as multiple small annular scaly lesions primarily in sun-exposed areas. While previous studies have documented DSAP in prostate cancer patients, the association with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has not been reported. In this report, we describe an elderly patient with advanced prostate cancer, who developed DSAP subsequent to undergoing ADT. We present the clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological evaluations, and discuss the potential role of ADT in the pathogenesis of DSAP.
Sutureless intrascleral intraocular lens fixation and modified iris cerclage pupilloplasty for aphakia and traumatic mydriasis
Authors: Guo Xinyu , Li Tianhui , Wang Xianhuai , Sun Xincheng
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of sutureless intrascleral intraocular lens (IOL) fixation combined with modified iris cerclage pupilloplasty for treating aphakia and traumatic mydriasis.

Methods:

Five patients with aphakia and traumatic mydriasis were operated on by the same surgeon. All patients underwent sutureless intrascleral IOL fixation combined with modified iris cerclage pupilloplasty and were followed up for ≥6 months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured using the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR). BCVA, intraocular pressure (IOP), pupil diameter, and corneal endothelial cell count (CECC) preoperatively and postoperatively were statistically analyzed. The pupil shape, photophobia, IOL position, and surgical complications were evaluated.

Results:

The mean BCVA was significantly improved 6 months postoperatively (0.26 ± 0.17 logMAR, P = 0.042) than preoperatively (0.50 ± 0.30 logMAR). No significant difference was observed between the preoperative and postoperative IOP (P = 0.138). The mean pupil diameter significantly reduced postoperatively than preoperatively (3.44 ± 0.35 mm vs. 7.28 ± 0.35 mm, P = 0.043). There was no significant decrease in CECC postoperatively (P = 0.225). The pupil shape was round-like, and photophobia disappeared in all patients. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred.

Conclusion:

Sutureless intrascleral IOL fixation combined with modified iris cerclage pupilloplasty is a safe and efficient procedure for treating aphakia traumatic mydriasis patients without sufficient capsular support.
Modified technique for reconstruction of large cyclodialysis cleft with capsular tension ring and continuous and cerclage sutures without scleral flaps
Authors: Zhang Yu , Li Qingjian , Jiang Jing , Ouyang Zhikun , Shen Xuzhong , Qian Yiwen , Liu Yan , Wang Zhiliang
Published: January 2024

To present a modified technique for the reconstruction of a large cyclodialysis cleft with capsular tension ring (CTR) and continuous and cerclage sutures without scleral flaps in 12 cases. The mean visual acuity was 0.75 ± 0.47 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR), and the average intraocular pressure (IOP) was 3.35 ± 0.41 mmHg before surgery. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) revealed a ciliary cleft of 4.3 ± 3.5 clock hours. We performed the modified technique for the reconstruction of a large cyclodialysis cleft. Postoperative visual acuity improved to 0.48 ± 0.26 logMAR, and the IOP improved to 15.88 ± 3.81 mmHg. Postoperative UBM showed that cyclodialysis disappeared in the whole circumference of 12 eyes. The postoperative complications included 42% (5 eyes) with a temporary elevation of IOP and 16% (2 eyes) with a posterior shift of the ciliary body. No other complications were detected during the follow-up. Based on the results, our modified technique might be useful for most cyclodialysis clefts.
Preliminary study on the computer-based optokinetic nystagmus analyzer to detect the visual acuity of preschool children
Authors: Min Xia , Rehman Faisal UL , Jing Wang , Nan Chen , Cheng Che , Yu Song
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the viability, precision, and consistency of a computer-based optokinetic nystagmus analyzer (nystagmus meter) for diagnosing eyesight in preschoolers. A total of 59 subjects who could pass the log of minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) visual acuity chart were divided into three groups by age, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old groups, and their visual acuity was tested with nystagmus meter. The percentage of children in each age group that could be detected by nystagmus was recorded along with the differences between these groups. The correlation between the test results from the two methods was found for each age group using the correlation coefficient method. Repeated measurements were used to assess the two visual acuity values of the measured nystagmus, and the repeatability of the two measurement techniques for different age groups was compared. The overall measurability of the visual acuity detected by nystagmus was 93.22%, and the measurability of the 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old groups was 90%, 95%, and 94.74%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the measurability of subjects among all age groups (P = 1.0). The outcomes of the LogMAR visual acuity chart had a negative correlation with the visual acuity measured by the nystagmus meter. The overall correlation coefficient R value was -0.80, and the correlation coefficient R value of the 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old groups was -0.79, -0.76, and -0.87, respectively. The nystagmus meter has good feasibility, accuracy, and stability in visual acuity testing and can be used for visual acuity testing in children.
Lenticule addition keratoplasty for the treatment of keratoconus: A systematic review and critical considerations
Authors: Liu Yanling , He Yan , Deng Yingping , Wang Lixiang
Published: January 2024

Keratoconus is a corneal disorder characterized by the progressive thinning and bulging of the cornea. Currently, the major goal of management is to halt its progression, restore normal corneal strength, prevent acute complications, and save vision. Penetrating keratoplasty and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty as conventional surgical methods for advanced keratoconus are limited by relatively high rates of immune intolerance, slow post-operational recovery, high costs, and shortage of donor corneas. Recently, the development of lenticule addition keratoplasty enables the restoration of corneal thickness simply by implanting a lenticule into the stromal pocket created with the femtosecond laser, which can originate from cadaver corneas or more appealing, be extracted from patients via a small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery. As the first systematic review in this field, we critically review publications on lenticule addition keratoplasty and provide our perspectives on its clinical application and the focus of future research.
Long-term outcomes of inferomedial orbital wall decompression in Graves’ ophthalmopathy in an Asian population: A 30-year retrospective study
Authors: Chung Chu-Ying , Ko Ting-Chieh , Wei Yi-Hsuan , Liao Shu-Lang
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

This study aims to evaluate the long-term outcomes of inferomedial orbital wall decompression (IMOD) in Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO).

Methods:

A retrospective review of 422 eyes of 226 patients with GO-related cosmetically disfiguring proptosis (COS), dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON), or exposure keratopathy (EXP) who received IMOD from 1989 to 2020 was conducted. Hertel value (HE) and corrected visual acuity (CVA) were evaluated at baseline and regularly thereafter. Proptosis recurrence, diplopia, and adjuvant surgeries were assessed. Complete success was defined as proptosis reduction over 2 mm without recurrence and improved diplopia. Partial success was defined as proptosis reduction without recurrence but with persistent or new-onset diplopia, and failure as proptosis recurrence.

Results:

After follow-up for 40.1 ± 39.6 months (range, 6–239 months), 236 eyes (55.9%) achieved complete success, 175 eyes (41.5%) achieved partial success, and 11 eyes (2.6%) had failure. Significant CVA improvement was observed in both DON and COS groups (P < 0.001 and P = 0.045, respectively). Average proptosis reduction was 5.2 ± 2.2 mm, with a significant increase of 0.5 mm after long-term follow-up (P < 0.001). Incidence of proptosis recurrence was 2.6%. Surgical success rate of COS group was positively correlated with preoperative HE.

Conclusion:

IMOD demonstrated excellent success rate in all three subgroups with a low proptosis recurrence rate and improved visual outcome in both DON and COS groups. Delayed proptosis reduction effect of IMOD may result in delayed-onset asymmetry, especially in the unilateral group.
A Short Review on Practice of Mindfulness as Treatment in Obsessive– Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Borgohain Niharika
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

This article reviews the present research regarding the practice of mindfulness as a treatment for obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD) which has been an area of growing interest for more than a decade. Mindfulness has been practiced in the treatment of OCD as mindfulness-based stress reduction, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in other different forms. This article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness as an independent intervention and integrative treatments incorporating mindfulness. There is satisfactory evidence to support mindfulness in the treatment of OCD, specifically for those who have not benefited from traditional innervations. It can be used with other forms of psychotherapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure and response prevention (ERP), which might help in the prevention of relapse and espousing the individual to the stimulus during ERP. However, there is no sufficient evidence for it to be believed a stand-alone treatment. The current literature recommends that mindfulness may be best considered as adjunctive treatment within an existing treatment framework, but further research is required to further examine its effect and clarify its contribution toward change. Further, this review suggested a wide-ranged extensive review of the effectiveness of mindfulness in OCD by ruling out the existent limitations.
Impact of Yoga Intervention on Functional Assessment and Quality of Life in Pelvic Injury Patients at Level-1 Trauma Center – A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Gupta Shailly , Bagaria Dinesh , Sagar Sushma , Priyadarshini Pratyusha , Choudhary Narendra , Pandey Shivam , Gupta Amit , Kumar Subodh , Subramanian Arul Selvi , Mittal Samarth , Moorthy A. Saravana
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Pelvic fractures are severe injuries that are frequently accompanied by multiple system injuries and also lead to various complications. Thus, pelvic injuries bring a dramatic change in the life situation of an individual in almost all aspects of daily living and functioning and hence affect the quality of life (QoL) of the patients.

Objective:

The objective of the study is to determine the impact of Yoga intervention on functional assessment and QoL in pelvic injury patients.

Methods:

A total of 50 patients with a stable pelvic fracture will be recruited to participate in this randomized controlled study by simple random sampling. The subjects will be randomly divided into two groups. One group will receive Yoga intervention along with conventional physiotherapy, while another group will receive conventional physiotherapy only. The session will be given for a duration of up to a maximum of 1 h. The intervention will be given for 12 weeks. Their outcome measures will be assessed at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively.

Results:

Statistical significance between and within the group will be analyzed.

Conclusion:

This study will provide data for the efficacy of Yoga in pelvic injury in addition to physiotherapy rehabilitation.
H1N1-associated Cardiomyopathy: A Case Series
Authors: Ananth P. Prem , Anand R. , Baskaran R. , Nagasubramaniya Nagarajan , Ramakrishnan Prathipa
Published: January 2024

H1N1 influenza, also known as swine flu, is a viral infection that can result in severe respiratory illness. However, it is essential to recognize that it can also lead to cardiac complications such as viral myocarditis, which in turn leads to dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and, in some cases, sudden cardiac death. Noninvasive diagnostic modalities such as transthoracic echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging further help in the diagnosis of cardiac complications. Early recognition and timely intervention are critical to improving outcomes in such cases. In most of these cases, just like the viral illness being self-limiting, these cardiac complications are also usually reversible with time. This case series highlights two different cases with H1N1-associated cardiomyopathy, which in turn becomes reversible on treatment.
Pooled Prevalence of Byssinosis in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ramasamy Logamurthy , Vignesh D. , Kannan Suthanthira , Sathiyamoorthy Ramadass , Selvaraja C. , Ojha Umesh Chandra , Mahilmaran A.
Published: January 2024

Byssinosis is an occupational lung disease affecting textile workers exposed to cotton, jute and hemp dust. It causes symptoms like cough, breathlessness, and wheezing which is more during Mondays. Diagnosis is mainly clinical. The true burden of byssinosis in India remains unknown, and this systematic review and meta-analysis (SR-MA) aims to estimate its prevalence among textile industry workers in India. This study was registered in PROSPERO. The search spanned from January 2000 to September 2023, focusing on observational studies that met specific criteria. Two independent reviewers screened the literature, extracted relevant data, and assessed the risk of bias. Statistical analysis included a random effects model, assessment of heterogeneity and publication bias. Eighteen studies (5678 individuals) were included in the analysis. Byssinosis diagnosis was based on Schilling’s criteria in the majority of studies. Seven studies had low risk of bias, three had high risk, and the rest were moderate. There was no significant publication bias. The pooled prevalence of byssinosis was 24% (95% CI = 13%-36%) with high heterogeneity (I
2 = 99.02%). Sub-group analysis of studies with low risk of bias showed a prevalence of 20% (95% CI = 11% - 29%). Extrapolation of these findings to India suggests that about 10 million people are affected by byssinosis. The authors recommend development and practice of tailored health surveillance guidelines and the promotion of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) among those employed in textile industries.
Clinical utility of smartphone-based digital infrared thermal imaging in predicting vascular compromise in free flaps
Authors: Mohan Padmalakshmi Bharathi , Dineshkumar S. , Mohapatra Devi Prasad , Penumadu Prasanth , Friji M.T. , Chittoria Ravi Kumar
Published: January 2024

Background:

Flap monitoring plays an important role in avoiding morbidity in free flap. Clinical monitoring is considered the gold standard, but it is subjective. Digital thermal imaging captures and displays the infrared radiation emitted from an object. This is useful in assessing temperature difference between two surfaces, as well as variation of temperature. Smartphone thermal imaging can be used to assess the tissue perfusion, which requires little training.

Materials and Methods:

The aim was to assess the validity of Digital Thermal Imaging in early diagnosis of flap failure, compared to conventional clinical methods. Eleven patients of microvascular-free flap reconstruction for defects following malignancy and trauma were included in the study for January 25, 2019–March 25, 2021. Flaps were monitored using three different methods – clinical monitoring, biochemical monitoring, and digital thermal imaging done at the following interval: (1) intraoperative (end of surgery), (2) hourly – for the first 48 h, (3) every 4th hourly on postoperative days 3–5, and (4) every 6th hourly on postoperative days 5–10, and the results were tabulated.

Results:

Flap temperature was observed to be higher compared to the surrounding skin when there was an event of venous thrombosis. The surrounding skin temperature was to be measured on the side opposite to the side where the flap was raised to do vascular anastomosis. The increase in the temperature difference almost coincided with the clinical and biochemical indicator of failing flaps.

Conclusion:

Monitoring of the flap temperature and comparing it with the surrounding skin temperature can be incorporated along with the gold standard. It is a simple, objective, and noncontact method compared to clinical monitoring and biochemical methods. A large sample size, multicentric, randomized controlled study is required to validate the same.
Dental management of Goldenhar syndrome in a pediatric patient
Authors: Das Asmita , Patra Abhinandan , Gupta Sonal , Gumro Menia , Pandey Priyambana
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the case report was to highlight the various features of Goldenhar syndrome to aid in the diagnosis of this syndrome which has classic clinical features such as microtia, preauricular skin tags, micrognathia, facial asymmetry, midface deficiency, malocclusion of teeth with poor oral hygiene, and carious teeth. A 12-year-old female child reported to the department with a chief complaint of pain in the lower left back tooth region. There was no significant prenatal, postnatal, and medical history. Herein, we report a case of Goldenhar syndrome with hemifacial micrognathia and microtia along with intraoral involvement which was clinically and radiographically assessed and described full-mouth rehabilitation procedures.
Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy: A rare case presentation
Authors: Rao Bangam Rajendra Prasad , Mohanty Lalatendu , Kampali Himavanta , Rout Rabi Narayana , Mohanty Nihar Ranjan , Panigrahi Gyanamitra , Mishra Sarthak
Published: January 2024

Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) is a rare clinical condition. It occurs in association with ingestion of large amount of organophosphorus compound. The clinical picture is characterized by transient paraesthesia, tingling, and numbness usually confined to the distal parts of the limbs, describes as gloves and stockings pattern of sensory impairment, followed by symmetrical motor weakness, which is flaccid type, starts distally in the lower limbs first then ascends to involve upper limbs. The sensory and motor disturbances are usually mild and seen distally, but in more severe cases, it also effects proximal groups of muscles. Electrodiagnostic studies show a motor axonal neuropathy. Our case a 36-year-old female patient, who developed paraesthesia and weakness in all four limbs, 20 days after she had ingested a large amount of 50% chlorpyrifos. The electrophysiological Electromyography (EMG), Nerve conduction study (NCS), Evoked potential (EP) study was characterized by severe motor axonal polyneuropathy effecting both upper and lower limbs, considering the peripheral nerve involvement due to OP poisoning after a delay, so it can be named as OPIDN.
Salivary levels of NLRP3 protein are significantly raised in chronic periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies
Authors: Abraham Dax , Singh Arundeep , Goyal Anjana
Published: January 2024

Background:

To date, there is no confirmatory diagnostic test that can identify the type of periodontal disease and the disease progress. With the advent of “molecular biomarkers,” this systematic review and meta-analysis were designed with the sole purpose of identifying a novel biomarker, namely, nucleotide leucine rich repeat pyrin protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome which has already been extensively researched for chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Types of Studies Reviewed:

Only case observational studies that evaluated the presence of human NLRP3 inflammasome in the saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis with no overlying systemic disease and compared the same to healthy patients to obtain quantitative data that can be statistically analyzed were included. The confirmatory test used in all the studies was the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:

The broad-based search led to a total of three articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria so that a meta-analysis of the results could be carried out. Data reveal that NLRP3 levels are raised in chronic periodontitis cases (P = 0.05; relative risk = 1.05 [0.00–2.09]). The risk of bias assessment was carried out according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist where ten-point criteria were outlined indicating a low risk of bias for three studies.

Clinical Implications:

NLPR3 inflammasome could be tested as a reliable biomarker in saliva to identify the type and progress of the periodontal disease.
Autologous tooth bone graft block compared with advanced platelet-rich fibrin in alveolar ridge preservation: A clinico-radiographic study
Authors: Gowda Triveni Mavinakote , Jayashri Manjunath , Venkatesh Usha Govindaroy , Shah Rucha , Amanna Kumar Baron Tarun , Deepthi Manjunath , Priya Saloni
Published: January 2024

Objectives:

To determine the clinico-radiographic efficiency of partially demineralized dentin matrix block (PDDM block), a mixture of PDDM with advanced-platelet-rich fibrin+ (A-PRF+) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin versus A-PRF+ alone in alveolar socket preservation.

Materials and Methods:

Sixteen molar teeth indicated for extraction were randomly assigned into two groups. For the test group, sockets were packed with PDDM block and control group, with A-PRF+ plug alone. Clinical and radiographic cone-beam computed tomography methods were used to assess the horizontal and vertical ridge dimensional changes at baseline and 4 months.

Results:

Clinically, the mid buccal and palatal crestal height (10.25 ± 0.86 and 9.75 ± 0.28 mm) and alveolar ridge width (11.37 ± 0.25 mm) were significantly higher in the test group as compared to the control group, 4 months after tooth extraction (P < 0.01). Radiographically, there was improved apposition and nonsignificant resorption for the test group in ridge height and width, whereas statistically significant higher resorption was seen in the control group at 4 months.

Conclusion:

The application of the PDDM block demonstrated efficacy in maintaining the dimensions of the extraction socket when compared to A-PRF+ alone. This autologous and immune-free regenerative biomaterial is widely obtainable, offering a glimpse into the potential of next-generation biofuels for regeneration.
Multiple Spontaneous Iliac and Femoral Arteriovenous Fistulas
Authors: Hsu Fu-Chieh , Kuo Wei-Ting , Lin Yi-Chang
Published: January 2024

An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) refers to an anomalous connection between an artery and a vein. It can arise from traumatic or iatrogenic injuries. The occurrence of multiple spontaneous AVFs is rare. We present a case that used endovascular therapy to treat multiple spontaneous AVFs involving the internal iliac, common femoral, superficial femoral, and profunda femoris arteries and veins.
The Optimal Maintained Effective-site Concentration of Propofol under Target-controlled Infusion in Same-day Bidirectional Endoscopy
Authors: Wu Chung-Yi , Wu Zhi-Fu , Huang Yi-Hsuan , Tseng Wei-Cheng , Lin Bo-Feng , Lai Hou-Chuan
Published: January 2024

Background:

The same-day bidirectional endoscopy (BDE) under anesthesia is commonly performed for its efficacy. Until now, the optimal regimen of sedation for same-day BDE is still inconclusive.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the effect-site concentration at loss of consciousness (CeLOC) and maximal maintained Ce (CeM) in patients undergoing sole propofol sedation with the targeted-controlled infusion (TCI) pump and to explore the potential factors for extra fentanyl administration for same-day BDE to improve the quality of anesthesia.

Methods:

After excluding the patients with different anesthesiologists/endoscopists and esophagogastroduodenoscopy before colonoscopy, a total of 183 patients receiving BDE with the American Society of Anesthesiologists I to III were enrolled. Anesthesia with TCI of propofol ranged from 2.5 to 5.0 μg/mL was administrated and propofol was increased in steps of 0.5 μg/mL when inadequate or too deep sedation during the procedure. If the sedation level failed to meet satisfaction after two times of Ce increments or CeM achieve 5.0 μg/mL, bolus of fentanyl (25 μg) would be administered. The age, height, weight, gender, CeLOC, CeM, awake Ce, anesthesia time, examination time, frequency of TCI adjustments, total consumption of propofol or fentanyl, incidence of patient movements affecting the procedure, and use of ephedrine or atropine were retrieved from anesthetic charts and electronic medical record was recorded and the factors affecting the extra bolus of fentanyl or CeM were calculated.

Results:

One hundred and fifty-seven patients underwent procedures with only propofol sedation and 26 patients with additional fentanyl bolus 25 μg. There were three patients with hypotension, bradycardia, and transient hypoxemia in only propofol sedation, respectively. The incidence of patient movements affecting the procedure was 36.6% (67/183), 41 patients completed the procedure after increasing propofol Ce, and 26 patients required an extra bolus of fentanyl. After linear regression, the optimal formula was CeM = 1.9–(0.006 × age) + 0.658 × CeLOC. After controlling for confounding covariates, only CeLOC was the most informative covariate for the demand for fentanyl. Finally, we simplified the formula as propofol CeM = CeLOC + 0.7 μg/mL to avoid patient movements affecting the procedure and adverse effects.

Conclusion:

We showed that the age and CeLOC were associated with CeM and only higher CeLOC (>4.5 μg/mL) was the only contributing factor for the extra bolus of fentanyl in BDE. We also provided the simplified formula as propofol CeM = CeLOC + 0.7 μg/mL to avoid patient movements affecting the procedure and adverse effects.
Data standards based Mine Side Data Integration Governance Platform Research and Applications
Authors: Qi Jingfeng , Wang Po , Feng Xiangyi , Ma Chaoyuan , Su Xingwang
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: With the advent of the mining digitalization era, the rapid growth and diversity of mine-side data make mining production management more complex. In this context, it becomes crucial to build a set of mine-side data integration and governance platforms based on data standards. The establishment of this platform aims to solve the problems of mining data fragmentation and inconsistent standards and to improve the efficiency of data management and utilization.OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to construct an efficient mine-side data integration and governance platform by studying and applying data standards to address the challenges of data heterogeneity and fragmentation. Through the development of unified data standards, the Author can realize the standardized management of mining data, improve data quality, and provide more reliable support for mining production.METHODS: The study adopts a comprehensive approach. First, a comprehensive understanding of the problems and needs facing mining data management was obtained through a literature review and field research. Second, data standards applicable to mine-side data are developed to ensure that all types of data can be consistently understood and processed. Next, a data integration and governance platform based on these standards is established, and advanced data mining and artificial intelligence technologies are applied to realize automatic integration and cleaning of multi-source data.RESULTS: Through experiments, this study proved that a mine-side data integration governance platform based on data standards was successfully constructed. The platform realizes efficient integration and cleaning of data and improves the consistency and quality of data. In practical application, the platform provides more accurate data support for mining production management and achieves remarkable results.CONCLUSION: This study provides strong theoretical and practical support for the research and application of mine-side data integration and governance platforms based on data standards. Through the development of data standards, an efficient data management platform has been established, which provides practical solutions for solving mining data management challenges. In the future, the performance of the platform can be further optimized, and the updating and maintenance of data standards can be strengthened to adapt to the constant changes in the digital development of the mining industry. This research has a positive impact on promoting the construction of mining industry informatization and improving the level of production management.
Aplicación de herramientas de IA como metodología para el análisis de la toxicidad en la conversación en redes sociales: Estudio de caso de la política española en Twitter
Authors: Carral Uxia , Elías Carlos
Published: January 2024

Introducción: Se analiza una nueva metodología de inteligencia artificial (IA), entendiendo que la comunicación se presenta como uno de los campos de trabajo más trascendentes para su aplicación. Además de las fases de recolección y producción de contenido, otras áreas dentro del mundo de la comunicación como la distribución, y en concreto la moderación de comentarios (en redes sociales y en medios) también están viviendo un período de innovación, pero de forma menos evidente para la audiencia. Metodología: Se procede a conocer cómo diversas herramientas de IA pueden medir la calidad de la conversación y combatir la toxicidad en espacios comunicativos. Se han analizado 43.165 tuits publicados del 18 al 24 de octubre de 2021 correspondientes a siete políticos españoles y a la cascada de respuestas de los usuarios. Resultados: Las principales consecuencias apuntan a los insultos como la categoría tóxica predominante en los comentarios, independientemente de la ideología. Además, las conversaciones cuentan con un promedio del 21% de usuarios bots. Discusión: Visto lo anterior, esta investigación muestra cómo nuevas metodologías de IA pueden contabilizar un término hasta ahora tan cualitativo como la toxicidad y contradice los hallazgos previos sobre bots como difusores de toxicidad, siendo los usuarios reales quienes más toxicidad generan. Conclusiones: En el estudio concreto de política, se percibe una diferencia de comportamientos entre la conversación horizontal entre pares y la vertical con los políticos. Por tanto, estas herramientas ayudan a visibilizar nuevas realidades como la toxicidad, con el fin último de llegar a erradicarla y sanear el debate online.
Development of a Turbulent Jet-Controlled Compression Ignition Engine
Concept Using Spray-Guided Stratification for Fueling a Passive
Prechamber
Authors: Yu Xin , Zhang Anqi , Baur Andrew , Engineer Nayan , Cleary David
Published: January 2024

Improving thermal efficiency of an internal combustion engine is one of the most
cost-effective ways to reduce life cycle-based CO2 emissions for
transportation. Lean burn technology has the potential to reach high thermal
efficiency if simultaneous low NOx, HC, and CO emissions can be achieved. Low
NOx can be realized by ultra-lean (λ ≥ 2) spark-ignited combustion; however, the
HC and CO emissions can increase due to slow flame propagation and high
combustion variability. In this work, we introduce a new combustion concept
called turbulent jet-controlled compression ignition, which utilizes multiple
turbulent jets to ignite the mixture and subsequently triggers end gas
autoignition. As a result, the ultra-lean combustion is further improved with
reduced late-cycle combustion duration and enhanced HC and CO oxidation. A
low-cost passive prechamber is innovatively fueled using a DI injector in the
main combustion chamber through spray-guided stratification. This concept has
been experimentally demonstrated as detailed in this article to achieve 47.7%
peak indicated efficiency and below 1 g/kWh engine-out NOx emission with initial
single-cylinder engine hardware. Further systematic combustion system
optimization is underway to demonstrate state-of-the-art efficiency and
emissions at a wider operating range.
Design and cytotoxic activity of thiazolidinones via one-pot, three component reaction under microwave and traditional method
Authors: Salah Hanan , A.A. Elkanzi Nadia , T. Alsaggaf Azhaar , Y. Moustafa Alaa , Alkorbi Faeza , M. Ali Ali
Published: January 2024

Treatment of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ ) (1) with different aromatic aldehydes 2a-f within few minutes (5-8 min) afforded the corresponding Schiff bases 3a-f which were subjected to react with thioglycolic acid (4) under refluxing toluene/dimethlformamide (DMF) in (1:1) ratio for 12-17 h, yielded N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-4-(4-oxo-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl)benzenesulfon- amide derivatives 5a-f. On the other hand, the same products 5a-f were obtained when SMZ (1)  was treated with a mixture of the same aromatic aldehydes 2a-f and thioglycolic acid 4  via one-pot, three-component reaction under microwave irradiation. The key advantages of this process were high yields 79-88%, shorter reaction times 6-11 min., easy work-up, and problems associated with toxic solvent use (cost, safety, pollution) were avoided. The structures of newly compounds were elucidated by elemental and spectral analyses. Three compounds 5a, 5b and 5f were tested for cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines MCF-7, HePG2, HCT 116 and 116 PC-3. Compound 5b exhibited the most potent cytotoxic properties on HePG2 and PC-3. Furthermore, it showed inhabitory effect against MCF-7 and HCT 116 cells.

KEY WORDS: Sulfamethoxazole, 4-Thiazolidinones, Schiff bases, Multicomponent reaction, Microwave, Traditional methods and cytotoxicity

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(2), 481-491.                                                             

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i2.15