bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-tumoral Effect of a Cell Penetrating and Interfering Peptide Targeting PP2A/SET Interaction
Authors: Andrini Laura , Marin Gustavo H. , Inda Ana Maria , Bruzzoni-Giovanelli Heriberto , Garcia Marcela , Errecalde Jorge , Rebollo Angelita
Published: March 2020

Objective: To test cell penetrating and interfering peptide Mut3DPT-PP2A/SET in interaction between serine threonine phosphatase PP2A and its physiological inhibitor, the oncoprotein SET.Materials and methods: Adult male C3H/S-strain mice, 60 days old, were given a graft of breast adenocarcinoma cells (TN60) into subcutaneous tissue. Mut3DPT-PP2A/SET peptide was used to block PP2A and SET oncoprotein interaction. The graft-bearing animals were divided into a control group (injected with saline buffer), and an intervention group injected intraperitoneally with Mut3DPT-PP2A/SET peptide (5 mg/kg) every day from day 5 to day 37. The variables we used to compare the outcome in both groups were tumor size in mm (length×width) and histological changes. In the statistical analysis we used ANOVA and Student-Keuls multiple comparisons test and Tuckey for the post-test analysis.Results: 48 mice were grafted at day 0 with breast UNLP-C3H/S tumor cells, and after randomization, they were assigned to one of the two study groups. At day 5 all mice were injected either with placebo or with the peptide. The treated group showed significant tumor reduction (p<0.07). Histological changes showed presence of apoptosis and necrosis of tumor in treated group.Conclusion: The peptide Mut3DPT-PP2A/SET has demonstrated anti-tumor activity by reduction in vivo of tumor growth becoming a promising future in anticancer therapy. 
Non-Opioid Substances Acute Poisonings with Suicidal Intent in Patients with Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Simonovska Natasha K. , Stefanovska Vesna V. , Babulovska Aleksandra
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Several epidemiological studies have evaluated the role of illicit drug use in suicide behaviour.

 

Aim: To assess patients with opioid use disorder and suicidal intent related to behavior, severity of acute poisoning and the most commonly used non-opioid substances.

 

Materials and methods: This cross sectional study included 67 patients diagnosed with opioid use disorder. The study was conducted at the University Clinic of Toxicology in Skopje over a 5-year period (2013-2017). The following variables were examined: gender, age, duration and route of opioid administration, duration of hospitalization, and types of substances used in acute poisoning. Assessment of patients’ behavior and severity of poisoning was made by using the Suicide Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised and the Poison severity score.

 

Results: The majority of patients were male (88.1%). The mean age of patients was 30±6.1 years. The average duration of opioid use disorder was 8.5±3.9. A single poisoning was found in 62.7%, double poisoning in 25.4%, and triple poisoning in 11.9% of participants. Benzodiazepines were most commonly used by the patients (55.2%). The largest number of patients (32.8%) had minor Poison severity score (PSS), and only 17.9% had severe PSS. None of the patients had a fatal suicide attempt. 86.6% of patients had a score of ≥7 indicating a high risk of repeat suicide attempts.

 

Conclusion: Benzodiazepines were most commonly used as a single or combined substance in patients with opioid use disorder. PSS indicated that most of the participants were with minor PSS and with high risk of a repeat suicide attempt.
Caries Prevalence in 12-year-old Children from Plovdiv - a Multifactorial Regression Analysis
Authors: Onov Michael P. , Beltcheva Ani B.
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Dental caries is among the most important social diseases. The changes in caries prevalence occurring in different regions provide important information about the influence of etiological factors – primary and secondary, and about understanding the connections between the factors themselves.

 

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental caries in 12-year-old children from Plovdiv, Bulgaria and the effect of etiological factors – single-factor and multifactorial influence.

 

Materials and methods: The study included 228 children divided into 2 groups: group 1 - children living in the city of Plovdiv, city proper (125 children), and group 2 - children living in the surrounding villages (103 children). A questionnaire with an attached written consent form for clinical examination was completed by the parents of each child with results recorded in the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form for Children. Statistical analysis of the recorded data was used to determine DMFT index for the two groups, percentage of caries-free children and the influence of etiological factors through regression analysis.

 

Results: Statistical analysis showed the DMFT scores as follows - 1.568 for city proper, 2.917 for surrounding villages. The caries-free children were 38.4% and 17.5% for group 1 and group 2, respectively. OHI is the highest predicting factor in a multifactorial regression analysis with over 19% predictive function.

 

Conclusion: There was statistically significant difference in caries prevalence and percentage of caries-free children between the city proper and the surrounding villages. Etiological factors have specific influence in the investigated age group.
Review of Potential Significance of Mutations of ADAMTS20, NF1 and PKHD1 Detected Using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in Dermal Fibrosarcoma Arising in Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
Authors: Kowalik Artur , Wincewicz Andrzej , Zięba Sebastian , Kopczynski Janusz , Koda Mariusz , Sulkowski Stanisław , Kańczuga-Koda Luiza , Góźdź Stanisław
Published: March 2020

We examined a status of fibrosarcoma arising in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of 64-year-old male patient. A dermal, solid, grayish-yellow, desmin-negative trichrome-bluish tumor measured 1.5 cm in diameter pT1a (edition 8 pTNM). It was composed of spindle cells. It was consistent with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (ICD-O3: 8832/3) in areas of low mitotic activity, low atypia and sustained CD34 positivity. CD34-negative texture with high mitotic index and atypia was consistent with the high grade sarcoma apparently of fibrous origin, given category of poorly differentiated fibrosarcoma. The high grade component was graded (G3) and scored according to French Federation of Cancer Centers Sarcoma Group (FNCLCC): total score of 6 points: tumor differentiation: 3 points + Mitotic count: 3 points (up to 26 mitoses/ 10HPF in high-grade fields), + no necrosis: 0 points. In low grade sarcomatous component ADAMTS20 (NM_025003: c.1661C>T, p.P554L) NF1 (NM_001042492: c. 2173G>T, p.E725X) and PKHD1 (NM_138694: c. 11074C>T, p.R3692X) were revealed with following allelic frequencies: 25%, 27% and 17%. In high grade component allelic frequencies of the same mentioned mutations were 30%, 30% and 14% respectively. In the light of our findings, none of detected mutations can be regarded as a mutation that would definitely induce phenotype of high malignancy, because ADAMTS20, NF1 and PKHD1 mutations were detected both in high grade sarcoma and in low grade areas of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. It also points that these mutations appeared on early stages of tumor development.
Comparative Study of Occlusal Contact Marking Indicators
Authors: Bozhkova Tanya P.
Published: March 2020

Background: A variety of indicators to register occlusal contacts are used in the daily dental practice. One of the most frequently used qualitative occlusal indicators is the articulating paper. Its reliability is often disputed because this indicator could produce false positive results or fail to register any occlusal contacts.

 

Aim: To compare the number and size of the recorded contacts on a tooth surface obtained with articulating paper and foil.

 

Materials and methods: Typodonts of upper and lower jaw with intact dental arches Frasaco A-3Z were fixed in a Girbach arcon articulator. Articulating contacts were marked with 12-micron Bausch articulating foil and 200-micron Bausch articulating paper under the same load. For each study a new sheet of the occlusal indicators was used, and 10 repetitions were made for each one. After every marking, the lower jaw was dismounted from the articulator and the distribution of the markings was videographed using a camera. The number of occlusal contacts was entered in a table. We analysed the markings on the first maxillary and first mandibular molars.

 

Results: We found that fewer and bigger contacts were recorded using the 200-micron articulating paper in comparison with the contacts obtained using the foil.Statistical analysis showed that there is significant difference in the number of the occlusal contacts registered with articulating paper, since p < 0.05.

 

Conclusions: The type of occlusal contact indicator has an effect on the number and the size of the occlusal contact markings
Application of Soft Relining Materials in Dental Medicine - Clinical Results
Authors: Hristov Ilian , Kalachev Yavor , Grozev Lyubomir
Published: March 2020

Aim: The objective of this study was to carry out an in vivo investigation of patients wearing dentures relined with soft materials, assuming their positive and negative alterations in time.

 

Materials and methods: A direct survey method was used to gather data from 23 patients included in this study (11 male and 12 female patients). Twenty-seven dentures were made (12 partial and 15 total dentures) 9 of which in chairside procedures, 11 - in a laboratory, and 7 were made using the direct-indirect method. Patients were included in regular follow-ups at one month and six months, and at one, two, and three years after dentures delivery. The study started in 2014 and continued till 2017. The materials we used in the study were quite appropriate to this type of investigation, following the proper clinical and laboratory protocols. The two most commonly used groups of relining materials on the dental market nowadays were tested.

 

Results and discussion: All participants completed questionnaires which included questions related to changes in retention and stability of the relined dentures, changes in color and softness, in bond strength, and inflammation. The majority of patients were satisfied with the new dentures, but they also reported some problems concerning the staining and hardness of some of the investigated materials.

 

Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the behavior of the different groups of materials at six months. After six months we observed decline in the bond strength of the vinyl-polysiloxane (VPS) materials, as well as increased staining and hardness in the poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA).
Teatro y religión
Authors: Rodríguez Adrados Francisco
Published: March 2020

Nacido de las antiguas religiones naturalistas y mágicas, el teatro las ha disuelto en la vida de todos los días; pero conserva, pese a todo, los grandes temas de la vida humana que aquellas presentaban miméticamente. El trabajo estudia los distintos «preteatros» surgidos sucesivamente en ese ambiente y su conversión en teatro cuando fueron penetrados una y otra vez por los esquemas teatrales griegos. Y la difícil lucha del teatro con el Cristianismo y su evolución dentro de la vida moderna.
Símbolos en la ciudad: la caravana de los animales
Authors: Cruces Francisco
Published: March 2020

San Antón, patrón de los animales, es celebrado en el barrio de Hortaleza de Madrid con una peculiar romería. Perros, gatos, y otros animales domésticos dan tres vueltas alrededor de la antigua parroquia del Santo en amable cabalgata, recibiendo la bendición del cura «para que los libre de todo mal». La celebración, revitalizada a comienzos de los ochenta tras décadas de abandono, implica desde luego una recreación moderna de la imaginería costumbrista, pero también la vigencia y el poder evocativo de formas simbólicas y modelos tradicionales de acción y representación. En la vida de la ciudad moderna, los animales siguen siendo «buenos para pensar ».
Students’ satisfaction with library services and facilities at three regional center libraries of the Open University of Sri Lanka
Authors: Kaushamalika P. K. M. , Weerakoon W. R. W. M. A. U.
Published: March 2020

The study was carried out to examine the user satisfaction of library facilities, services, and resources of three regional center libraries; Kandy (KRC), Matara (MRC) and Anuradhapura (ARC) of the Open University of Sri Lanka, which functions as an open and distance learning (ODL) education institute. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire, from a sample of 350 library users dispersed among the three centers. The study found that the users were satisfied with the physical facilities in the libraries but they were unsatisfied with the library collection and computer facilities provided by the libraries. Findings of the study can be used to reinforce the services with which the users were satisfied, focus on services that need more improvement according to user concerns, and to take steps for resolution of identified problems to gain users' satisfaction.
A survey of breathing exercises and natural childbirth methods
Authors: Blankfield Adele
Published: March 2020

No abstract available.
Cerebral palsy - Part I: Aetiology
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: March 2020

No abstract available.
A selvagem criação do direito – um diálogo imaginário entre Luis Alberto Warat e Deleuze/Guattari sobre a semiótica jurídica
Authors: De Almeida Leonardo Monteiro Crespo
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo pretende estabelecer um diálogo entre o projeto de Luis Alberto Warat referente a uma semiótica jurídica crítica, que escape de certos reducionismos presentes na epistemologia jurídica do século XX, e algumas das considerações de Deleuze/Guattari sobre a semiótica presentes na obra Mil Platôs. Utilizando-se de uma literatura secundária que constrói uma ponte entre a filosofia de Deleuze e de Deleuze/Guattari – com o Direito, conclui-se esta leitura situando ambas as perspectivas como reflexões filosóficas sobre o que há de inusitado e de criativo no direito em detrimento de uma investigação sobre a verdade e as condições de possibilidade do conhecimento científico do direito, dois elementos recorrentes nas antigas epistemológicas do direito.
CONCENTRACIÓN DE LEPTINA EN ADULTOS CON SOBREPESO SUJETOS A UN ENTRENAMIENTO CONCURRENTE
Authors: Guilherme Rosa , Braga de Mello Danielli , Daoud Rejane , Cruz Iara , Dantas H. M. Estélio
Published: March 2020

El objetivo es Investigar los efectos de diferentes intensidades de entrenamiento concurrente (EC) sobre los niveles deleptina en adultos con sobrepeso que practican ejercicio regularmente. Treinta sujetos (27,1 ± 4,8 años) fueron asignadosen: grupo control (GC), el entrenamiento concurrente A (ECA) y entrenamiento concurrente B (ECB). Se recogieronmuestras de sangre para la leptina. El EC se ha caracterizado por ciclismo indoor seguido por el entrenamiento con pesas.En el grupo de ECA ciclismo indoor duró 40 min, con una intensidad en una escala de 5-7 OMNI y el trabajo de pesas serealizó con una intensidad del 85% de 1RM y con intervalos de 2-3 minutos entre series. En el ECB en el ciclismo indoortenían las mismas características de la ECA, sin embargo, el entrenamiento de fuerza se realizó con una intensidad del 60%de 1 RM y los intervalos de 1 minuto entre series. El GC no realizo ejercicios físicos. Al final, se llevó a cabo en los gruposuna nueva extracción de sangre. Se utilizó la prueba de Shapiro-Wilk, y ANOVA de dos vías, con comparaciones Post-Hocsegún Tukey. Una reducción significativa en los niveles de leptina después de ECA ( = -16,04%, p = 0,05) y ECB ( = -10,70%, p = 0,46). Conclusión: El EC causó una reducción en los niveles de leptina, independientemente de la intensidadaplicada, sin embargo, sólo la formación con las características de alta intensidad causó una reducción significativa en losniveles de la variable.
LAS ACTIVIDADES DE ANDINISMO EN LA FORMACIÓN DEL PROFESORADO EN EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA
Authors: López Eduardo , Fernández Marisa
Published: March 2020

El trabajo describe algunos desafíos y problemáticas que se presentan en la formación del profesorado en Educación Físicadel Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, dependiente de la Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina; a partirde demandas vinculadas con el entorno natural. Esta carrera incluye espacios curriculares que promueven la construcciónde la corporeidad y motricidad desde prácticas corporales culturalmente relevantes en el medio natural; espacio que resultaun potencial motivador, contribuye a la formación integral a partir de un abordaje transdisciplinario y promueve la autonomíade los sujetos en tanto exige toma de decisiones constantes en relación con sus características particulares.El medio natural brinda amplias posibilidades motrices que superan movimientos estereotipados, favorece el uso creativodel cuerpo y habilita nuevos ámbitos de intervención pedagógica.Las actividades de Andinismo se han ido consolidando como contenidos curriculares, dando a esta formación docenteuniversitaria características particulares en estrecha relación con la región.
MUERTE SÚBITA EN LOS ATLETAS: LA FRONTERA ENTRE LA VIDA Y LA MUERTE
Authors: Maynard da Silva Kenia , Vargas Angelo L. de S.
Published: March 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es comprender el significado y la importancia del riesgo para desafiar el límite entre la vida y lamuerte durante la enfermedad del corazón de un atleta. Esta se expresa en los discursos de los entrevistados, sobre lacuestión: ¿quién posee la responsabilidad de la eliminación de los atletas en riesgo de enfermedades del corazón?.Metodología de tipo fenomenológico del análisis del discurso. La decisión ha generado conflictos como la angustia deasumir las consecuencias de la elección ante la importancia del deporte en sus vidas. La emoción fue la base de la reacción.Hubo división entre la decisión de continuar, detenerse y la indecisión ante el hecho. La concesión está sujeta a sí mismosdebido al derecho a elegir. La decisión de expulsión proviene de los propios deportistas, expresando que la vida lespertenece a ellos y tiene el sentido de su existencia. Reflejando tomar las decisiones al respecto, mostrando la importanciadel deporte e incluso aceptando el riesgo de muerte.
LA MOTRICIDAD NUESTRA DE CADA DÍA: ANÁLISIS DE LOS ALCANCES CONCEPTUALES DE LA MOTRICIDAD HUMANA COMO CIENCIA EMERGENTE
Authors: Lagos Hernández Roberto
Published: March 2020

El objetivo del presente documento es determinar y analizar algunos alcances conceptuales de la motricidad humana,sus conflictos con otras disciplinas y los elementos comunes con aquellas ciencias que establecen el movimientohumano como objeto de estudio. Se establece que la motricidad humana como ciencia dispone de una definiciónpolisémica, de variadas interpretaciones y que parte de la comunidad científica rechaza su valor por cuanto ya hasido abordada tradicionalmente por áreas biológicas. Se explican algunos fundamentos básicos de su denominacióny origen epistémico y las relaciones con la educación física tradicional y los actuales problemas de salud instaladosen la sociedad Chilena.Se concluye que la educación física debe estar permanentemente siendo revisada como disciplina tradicional quecontempla la motricidad humana como eje de acción, que la ciencia de la motricidad humana está aún en procesode consolidación y que se requieren más estudios para lograr su aplicabilidad en el plano de la educación formal.
EFECTO HIPOTENSOR DESPUÉS DE EJERCICIO DE RESISTENCIA EN MUJERES MAYORES CON HIPERTENSIÓN
Authors: De Oliveira Marco Aurélio , Borba-Pinheiro Cláudio , Da Rocha-Junior Olavo Raimundo , Reis Thaísa Évelin , Monteiro-Santos Roseane , Souza Alessandra , Walsh-Monteiro André
Published: March 2020

El objetivo fue evaluar los efectos de dos programas de 10 sesiones de entrenamiento de resistencia sobre la hipotensiónsistémica de mujeres mayores hipertensas. 15 mujeres hipertensos distribuidos aleatoriamente en dos grupos:dos sesiones de entrenamiento / semana (GER 2xSm, n = 7 a 62,3 ± 8,6 años), y tres sesiones de entrenamiento /semana (GER 3xSm, n = 8, con 57,7 ± 7,9 años) fueron sometidos a un mismo programa de entrenamiento de resistenciaen días alternos con el 70% de la carga máxima de 10 repeticiones (10RM) en ejercicios durante 10 sesiones.Se utilizó ANOVA para medidas repetidas en el análisis de la estadística. Se encontraron diferencias significativas enla comparación dentro del grupo, tanto para el GER 3xSm (PAS; Δ% = -5,6%, p = 0,001 y la PAD Δ% = -4,5%, p =0,002) y de GER 2xSm (PAS; (Δ% = -6,2%, p = 0,01 y la PAD Δ% = -6,1%, p = 0,03) sin embargo, no hubo diferencias(p <0,05) en la comparación entre los grupos. Se concluye que el entrenamiento de resistencia hecho dos vecesy tres veces por semana con ejercicios de intensidad moderada proporcionó un efecto hipotensor para PAS y PAD enlas mujeres mayores hipertensas.
NECESIDADES DE HIDRATOS DE CARBONO EN EL DEPORTISTA DE RESISTENCIA
Authors: Domínguez Herrera Raúl
Published: March 2020

Los hidratos de carbono cobran especial importancia en el deporte de resistencia, debido a que son fundamentalesen el metabolismo energético, sobre todo a intensidades que superan el 70% del VO2 máx, ya que, a partir de dichaintensidad su contribución al aporte energético cobra cada vez mayor importancia, siendo prácticamente la únicafuente energética en intensidades superiores al 95% del VO2 máx y relacionándose las tasas iniciales de glucógenocon el rendimiento en pruebas submáximas hasta el agotamiento. Por tanto y visto la posibilidad de que se produzcaun descenso progresivo en los niveles de glucógeno al no cubrir los requerimientos a través de la dieta, en este estudioanalizaremos no solo los requerimientos de este macronutriente en los deportistas de resistencia, sino que, también,el tipo de glúcido y la forma de administración del mismo, en base a las bases fisiológicas en este tipo de deportistas.
RELACIÓN ENTRE EL CURRICULUM EN CARRERAS DE FORMACIÓN DE PROFESIONALES DE EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA Y EL MANIFIESTO MUNDIAL DE LA EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA
Authors: Portes Junior Moacyr , Vargas Ángelo
Published: March 2020

El desarrollo del área de la Educación Física escolar chilena está creciendo en importancia, en calidad y en exigencias, considerando la realidad socio cultural de Chile. Existen referentes nacionales e internacionales para la Educación Física, que deben ser considerados en la implantación de un plan de estudios para formación de docentes para esta área. Este estudio busca verificar si las universidades que imparten la carrera de Pedagogía en Educación Física en la ciudad de Chillán, tienen sus planes de estudios, indicados por las mallas de las carreras, coherentes con el referencial mundial de la Educación Física, que es el Manifiesto Mundial de la Educación Física, FIEP. La metodología estuvo basada en un estudio exploratorio, documental; análisis de los datos a partir de estadística descriptiva. La muestra son las tres carreras impartidas en la ciudad de Chillán, por tres universidades: dos particulares y una pública. Los resultados: Institución “A”, entrega asignaturas que abarcan 100% de los veinte tres capítulos del Manifiesto Mundial de la Educación Física; Institución “B”, 73,91%; Institución “C”, 82,60%. Se puede concluir que, en lo que se refiere a aspectos de fondo, de formación específica de la Educación Física, las carreras en la ciudad de Chillán, están fuertemente basadas, necesitando ajustes en su plan de estudios, en aspectos generales de formación profesional y de la comprensión de la epistemología de la Educación Física, como también, de las relaciones político-administrativas que el futuro profesional deberá tener, para desarrollar su práctica profesional, tanto en la escuela, cuanto en situaciones sociales, extra escolares, de la Educación Física.
LOS PRECEPTOS DE LA CIENCIA DE LA MOTRICIDAD HUMANA Y LOS PROFESIONALES DE EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA EN LA SOCIEDAD CONTEMPORÁNEA: UN ANÁLISIS DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LOS PROYECTOS DEPORTIVOS SOCIALES
Authors: Machado Tibério , Vargas Angelo
Published: March 2020

La relación entre el Hombre y la práctica de actividad física ha obtenido fama reconocida en los últimos años. Sin embargo, la actuación del Profesional de Educación Física en la gestión de esta relación, a pesar de efectiva, tenía una carencia de conocimiento técnico y científico, un hecho que dificultó la consolidación del trabajo en la sociedad contemporánea. En esto universo emergió la Ciencia de la Motricidad Humana, un área del conocimiento científico que ha surgido con la función de proporcionar apoyo científico y técnico para los Profesionales de Educación Física, fundamentalmente al mostrar que le deporte trasciende el universo deportivo y una nueva comprensión de Hombre es posible. Vale la pena señalar que estos preceptos han logrado un éxito considerable, principalmente en la República Federativa del Brasil, que se caracterizó por la relación indiscutible entre el Hombre y la práctica de actividad física, junto con el fomento través de mecanismos legales para el crecimiento del deporte y asegurar en reconocimiento de los Profesionales de Educación Física.
EL TREKKING EN EL TRAYECTO FORMATIVO DE PROFESORES DE EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA: INTEGRANDO EL ENSEÑAR, APRENDER Y ENSEÑAR A ENSEÑAR EN LA FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL
Authors: Reising Maria Lilén , Alder Inés
Published: March 2020

El presente artículo se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación “El andinismo en la Educación Física: seguridad, enseñanza y formación docente” (B169) desarrollado en el Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche dependiente de la Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Dicho proyecto toma como principal foco de estudio las asignaturas del Profesorado de Educación Física vinculadas con la Orientación Actividades de montañismo y escalada a fin de indagar sobre los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje que en ellas se llevan a cabo. En esta oportunidad se comparten avances relacionados con el trekking y su enseñanza en la formación de Profesores de Educación Física. Se analizan programas de cátedra y entrevistas realizadas a profesores, asistentes y ayudantes con el objetivo de identificar propósitos, estrategias de enseñanza, secuencia de contenidos y selección de itinerarios que promuevan en el estudiante la apropiación de la actividad, el conocimiento del medio en el cual se realiza y la transferencia de contenidos a otros contextos educativos.A partir de la revisión de marcos teóricos se define conceptualmente al trekking e identifican variables que otorgan rasgos particulares al desarrollo de la actividad. Se establecen categorías que denotan grados de complejidad a fin de visualizar y establecer criterios para la elección de opciones posibles de ser implementadas de manera segura y responsable en distintos ámbitos de la educación formal y no formal.
NIVEL DE CONDICIÓN FÍSICA ORIENTADA A LA SALUD EN ESTUDIANTES VARONES DE 10 A 14 AÑOS DEL COLEGIO DARIO SALAS, CHILLAN
Authors: Hernández Mosqueira Claudio , Fernandes Da Silva Sandro , Ibarra Mora Jessica , Hernández Vasquez Dagoberto , Caniuqueo Vargas Alexis , Esparza Muñoz Eduardo , Fernandes Filho José
Published: March 2020

El objetivo del estudio es determinar el nivel de condición física orientada a la salud en estudiantes Varones de 10 a14 años del Colegio Darío Salas de la ciudad de Chillan. El presente estudio es de tipo descriptivo de cortetransversal. La muestra se compone de 417 estudiantes, con valores medio de peso 53,50 + 12,24 (kg); estatura 155,7+ 0,10 (cm); IMC 21,85 + 3,50 (masa/estatura2); tejido adiposo 8,21 + 3,76 (%); flexibilidad 22,43 + 7,15 (cm);resistencia muscular localizada 20,15 + 5,34 (rep); fuerza 28,57 + 6,90 (cm); resistencia aeróbica 9,26 + 1,33 (min yseg). Se utilizaron los siguientes test para evaluar la condición física orientada a la salud; antropometría (IMC) ycon el resultado se aplicó la fórmula de Deurengerg para determinar (% tejido adiposo); Wells y Dillons(flexibilidad), sargent test (fuerza miembros inferiores), test de 1 Milla de la AAPHARD (resistenciacardiorespiratoria), abdominales en 30 segundos (resistencia muscular localizada). El nivel de condición física encomparación con valores de referencia nacionales e internacionales, muestran bajos niveles en todas las variablesfísicas evaluadas. Se observa un 100% de sobrepeso en todas las edades evaluadas, lo que se traduce en bajosresultados en todas las pruebas aplicadas; lo que plantea la urgencia de realizar un seguimiento en el tiempo conherramientas de fácil aplicación como la presente batería.
Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of a Schiff base derived from o-amino benzoic acid and its Co(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) complexes
Authors: Hussein Tasneem Ibrahim , Ahmed Musa Abduelrahman , Arbab Ismail Adam , Ibrahim Awad Salim , Al-Bratty Mohamed , Alhazmi Hassan Ahmed , Najmi Asim
Published: March 2020

Equimolar amounts of imidazoleacetophenone and 2-aminobenzoic acid were combined together and the Schiff base 4(1H-imidazole-yl)acetophenoneanthranilic acid was prepared as a new bidentate complexing agent. The synthesized ligand was reacted with cobalt(II), cadmium(II), and nickel(II) ions yielding air stable complexes. For quantification and characterization purposes, elemental analysis, infrared spectra, electronic spectra, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and mass spectra studies were carried out on the obtained complexes and ligand. Thermogravimetric analysis and magnetic susceptibility measurements were also used for characterization. The ligand IR spectrum showed that the ligand acts as a bidentate coordinates to the metal ions through the nitrogen and oxygen atoms.Measurements of magnetic susceptibility for Ni(II) and Co(II) complexes were found to be 3.4 and 3.8 B.M., respectively, in the range normal for the octahedral geometry. The conductivity measurements revealed that the chelates are non-electrolytes. An in vitro antimicrobial investigation was also carried out for the free ligand and its metal complexes against a number of bacterial and fungal strains, to assess their antimicrobial properties by diffusion technique. Antimicrobial activity of the prepared complexes showed higher activity than the free ligand.
Structural diversity in the solid-state architectures of bis(4-pyridyl)acetylene and its derivatives
Authors: Shotonwa Ibukun Oluwaseun , Boere Rene Theodoor
Published: March 2020

The crystals of bis(4-pyridyl)acetylene are orthorhombic and belong to the space group Fddd. Solid-state investigation using conventional and Hirshfeld analytical techniques revealed valuable data and structural diversities that explain the wide gap between established crystal reports of co-crystals and metal organic frameworks and the pure form of the title compound. Hirshfeld surface analysis in this wise has proved to be a useful tool in unravelling complex intermolecular interactions and simplifying them at the 2D and 3D levels using sub-tools such as fingerprint plots and electrostatic potential surfaces. Both techniques have shown that the H∙∙∙Npyr interactions in the title compound are shorter than those in its polymorphic counterpart by 0.2 Å. The more stable network provided by hetero-molecular interactions in co-crystals and metal complexes of bis(4-pyridyl)acetylene shed light on their lengthy existence compared to the less favorable homo-molecular interactions in pure molecules of bis(4-pyridyl)acetylene.
Spectrum subtraction method for simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and caffeine in panadol extra dosage forms
Authors: Sebaiy Mahmoud Mohammed , Mattar Amr Abd El-Hakeem
Published: March 2020

A simple, specific, accurate and precise spectrophotometric method was established for simultaneous determination of acetaminophen and caffeine in pure form and in their pharmaceutical formulation commercially known as Panadol Extra®. Spectrum subtraction has been used in simultaneous determination of both drugs without prior separation. Spectrum subtraction method parameters were validated according to ICH guidelines in which accuracy, precision, repeatability and robustness were found in accepted limits (98-102%). The linearity range was 7.5-45 µg/mL for caffeine and 4-22 µg/mL for acetaminophen with correlation coefficients ≥0.9990 for both drugs. Advantages and disadvantages of spectrum subtraction were discussed and statistical comparison between the proposed method and the reference one was performed.
Graphical Contents
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: March 2020

Graphical Contents
Small ice particles at slightly supercooled temperatures in tropical maritime convection
Authors: Lloyd Gary , Choularton Thomas , Bower Keith , Crosier Jonathan , Gallagher Martin , Flynn Michael , Dorsey James , Liu Dantong , Taylor Jonathan W. , Schlenczek Oliver , Fugal Jacob , Borrmann Stephan , Cotton Richard , Field Paul , Blyth Alan
Published: March 2020

Abstract. In this paper we show that the origin of the ice phase in tropical cumulus
clouds over the sea may occur by primary ice nucleation of small crystals at
temperatures just between 0 and −5 ∘C. This was made possible
through use of a holographic instrument able to image cloud particles at
very high resolution and small size (6 µm). The environment in which
the observations were conducted was notable for the presence of desert dust
advected over the ocean from the Sahara. However, there is no laboratory
evidence to suggest that these dust particles can act as ice nuclei at
temperatures warmer than about −10 ∘C, the zone in which the first
ice was observed in these clouds. The small ice particles were observed to
grow rapidly by vapour diffusion, riming, and possibly through collisions
with supercooled raindrops, causing these to freeze and potentially shatter.
This in turn leads to the further production of secondary ice in these
clouds. Hence, although the numbers of primary ice particles are small, they
are very effective in initiating the rapid glaciation of the cloud, altering
the dynamics and precipitation production processes.
Analysis of functional groups in atmospheric aerosols by infrared spectroscopy: method development for probabilistic modeling of organic carbon and organic matter concentrations
Authors: Bürki Charlotte , Reggente Matteo , Dillner Ann M. , Hand Jenny L. , Shaw Stephanie L. , Takahama Satoshi
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) contain many important absorption bands
relevant for characterizing organic matter (OM) and obtaining organic matter to organic carbon (OM∕OC) ratios. However,
extracting this information quantitatively – accounting for overlapping absorption bands and relating absorption to molar
abundance – and furthermore relating abundances of functional groups to that of carbon atoms poses several challenges. In
this work, we define a set of parameters that model these relationships and apply a probabilistic framework to identify values
consistent with collocated field measurements of thermal–optical reflectance organic carbon (TOR OC). Parameter values
are characterized for various sample types identified by cluster analysis of sample FTIR spectra, which are available for 17 sites in the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) monitoring network (7 sites in 2011 and
10 additional sites in 2013). The cluster analysis appears to separate samples according to predominant influence by dust,
residential wood burning, wildfire, urban sources, and biogenic aerosols. Functional groups calibrations of aliphatic CH, alcohol COH, carboxylic acid COOH, carboxylate COO, and amine NH2
combined together reproduce TOR OC concentrations with reasonable agreement (r=0.96 for 2474 samples) and provide
OM∕OC values generally consistent with our current best estimate of ambient OC. The mean OM∕OC ratios corresponding to
sample types determined from cluster analysis range between 1.4 and 2.0, though ratios for individual samples exhibit a larger
range. Trends in OM∕OC for sites aggregated by region or year are compared with another regression approach for estimating
OM∕OC ratios from a mass closure equation of the major chemical species contributing to PM fine mass. Differences in OM∕OC
estimates are observed according to estimation method and are explained through the sample types determined from spectral
profiles of the PM.
Lower boundary conditions in land surface models – effects on the permafrost and the carbon pools: a case study with CLM4.5
Authors: Hermoso de Mendoza Ignacio , Beltrami Hugo , MacDougall Andrew H. , Mareschal Jean-Claude
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Earth system models (ESMs) use bottom boundaries for their land surface model (LSM) components which are shallower than the depth reached by surface temperature changes in the centennial timescale associated with recent climate change. Shallow bottom boundaries reflect energy to the surface, which along with the lack of geothermal heat flux in current land surface models, alter the surface energy balance and therefore affect some feedback processes between the ground surface and the atmosphere, such as permafrost and soil carbon stability. To evaluate these impacts, we modified the subsurface model in the Community Land Model version 4.5 (CLM4.5) by setting a non-zero crustal heat flux bottom boundary condition uniformly across the model and by increasing the depth of the lower boundary from 42.1 to 342.1 m. The modified and original land models were run during the period 1901–2005 under the historical forcing and between 2005 and 2300 under forcings for two future scenarios of moderate (Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5; RCP4.5) and high (RCP8.5) emissions. Increasing the thickness of the subsurface by 300 m increases the heat stored in the subsurface by 72 ZJ (1 ZJ = 1021 J) by the year 2300 for the RCP4.5 scenario and 201 ZJ for the RCP8.5 scenario (respective increases of 260 % and 217 % relative to the shallow model), reduces the loss of near-surface permafrost area in the Northern Hemisphere between 1901 and 2300 by 1.6 %–1.9 %, reduces the loss of intermediate-depth permafrost area (above 42.1 m depth) by a factor of 3–5.5 and reduces the loss of soil carbon by 1.6 %–3.6 %. Each increase of 20 mW m−2 of the crustal heat flux increases the temperature at 3.8 m (the soil–bedrock interface) by 0.04±0.01 K. This decreases near-surface permafrost area slightly (0.3 %–0.8 %) and produces local differences in initial stable size of the soil carbon pool across the permafrost region, which reduces the loss of soil carbon across the region by as much as 1.1 %–5.6 % for the two scenarios. Reducing subsurface thickness from 42.1 to 3.8 m, used by many LSMs, produces a larger effect than increasing it to 342.1 m, because 3.8 m is not enough to damp the annual signal and the subsurface closely follows the air temperature. We determine the optimal subsurface thickness to be 100 m for a 100-year simulation and 200 m for a simulation of 400 years. We recommend short-term simulations to use a subsurface of at least 40 m, to avoid the perturbation of seasonal temperature propagation.
Integrated defect sensor for the inspection of fiber-reinforced plastics using air-coupled ultrasound
Authors: Bernhardt Yannick , Kreutzbruck Marc
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Air-coupled ultrasound (ACU) is a non-destructive testing
(NDT) method with a rising significance in industrial use. Common cases
where ACU is used are the testing of fiber-reinforced plastic or testing of weld
joints between metal sheets. The advantage compared to contact ultrasound is
the absence of a liquid, solid or gel-like couplant. The usage of a couplant is
an obstacle for developers of automatic scanning systems for ultrasonic
testing because it takes a huge effort to integrate a system that delivers a
continuous flow of the couplant. In addition a further step of cleaning is often
necessary. ACU needs specially adapted probes to compensate for the tremendous
impedance difference between a solid and air. A standard method uses two ACU
probes in a normal transmission mode. With slanted probes, it is possible to
generate Lamb waves in plate-like materials. Because of the contact to the
surrounding air, Lamb waves transmit ultrasound to the air on both sides of
the plate continually. These so-called leaky Lamb waves can be used with
only one accessible side, and by using a specific resonance angle, a higher
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is achievable. In the past, the correct angle was
determined using an iterative method, where the angle of incidence was
changed manually while observing the amplitude level. With the stepper-motor-driven angle scanning system, introduced here, the determination of the
resonance angle is possible automatically. The system allows changes of the
incidence angle during the ultrasound scan too. This makes it possible to
adapt the system to wall thickness changes and changes of the radii of the
parts contour.
Insights into the effect of spatial and temporal flow variations on
turbulent heat exchange at a mountain glacier
Authors: Mott Rebecca , Stipserki Ivana , Nicholson Lindsey , Mertes Jordan
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Multi-scale interactions between the glacier surface, the overlying atmosphere and the surrounding alpine terrain are highly complex. The high heterogeneity of boundary layer processes that couple these systems drives temporally and spatially variable energy fluxes and melt rates. A comprehensive measurement campaign, the HEFEX (Hintereisferner Experiment), was conducted during the summer of 2018. The aim of this experiment was to investigate spatial and temporal dynamics of the near-surface boundary layer and associated heat exchange processes close to the glacier surface during the melting season. The experimental setup of five meteorological stations was designed to capture the spatial and temporal characteristics of the local wind system on the glacier and to quantify the contribution of horizontal heat advection from surrounding ice-free areas to the local energy flux variability at the glacier. Turbulence data suggest that the temporal change in the local wind system strongly affect the micrometeorology at the glacier. Low-level katabatic flows were persistently measured during both night time and daytime and were responsible for consistently low near-surface air temperatures with small spatial variations at the glacier. On the contrary, local turbulence profiles of momentum and heat revealed strong changes of the local thermodynamic characteristics at the glacier when larger-scale westerly flows disturbed the prevailing katabatic flow forming low-level across-glacier flows. Warm air advection from the surrounding ice-free areas significantly increased near-surface air-temperatures at the glacier, with strong horizontal temperature gradients from the peripheral zones towards the centerline of the glacier. Despite generally lower near-surface wind speeds during the across-glacier flow, peak horizontal heat advection from the peripheral zones towards the centerline and strong transport of turbulence from higher atmospheric layers downward resulted in enhanced turbulent heat exchange towards the glacier surface at the glacier centerline. Thus, at the centerline of the glacier the exposure to strong larger-scale westerly winds promoted heat exchange processes at the glacier surface potentially contributing to ice melt. On the contrary, at the peripheral zones of the glacier turbulence data indicate that stronger sheltering from the larger-scale flows allowed the preservation of a katabatic jet, which suppressed the efficiency of the across-glacier flow to drive heat exchange towards the glacier surface by decoupling low-level atmospheric layers from the flow aloft. To explain the origin of the across-glacier flow would however require large eddy simulations.
Uptake of HIV testing among women of reproductive age in Tajikistan: An assessment of individual determinants
Authors: Kasymova Salima
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Over the past decade, the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in Tajikistan increased significantly, with women particularly vulnerable to acquiring HIV. This research assessed individual determinants associated with HIV testing among women of reproductive age.Methods: Secondary data analysis was done using data from 5,867 females aged 15–49 years. Chi-square test, t-test, and multivariate analysis were applied to find associations between women's socio-demographic characteristics, reproductive health variables, and HIV testing uptake.Results: Overall, only 26% (1,501) of women in the present research reported HIV testing in the past. Multiple regression indicated that HIV testing was significantly associated with participants' age (25–34 age group: OR 0.7, p ≤ 0.001; 35–49 age group: OR 0.2, p ≤ 0.001), education (OR 2.2, p ≤ 0.001), area of residence (OR 0.6, p ≤ 0.001), marital status (OR 2.4, p ≤ 0.001), HIV knowledge (OR 1.1, p ≤ 0.001), and pregnancy history (OR 6.7, p ≤ 0.001).Conclusion: Results of this research suggest that there is a need for culturally acceptable interventions, including outreach to increase the overall HIV testing rate among women in Tajikistan.
Estrategias para la enseñanza de la educación física en búsqueda de la calidad educativa
Authors: Acevedo-Merlano Alvaro , Coba Vides José , Campo Peña Antonio , Campo Peña Eusebio
Published: March 2020

Este artículo propone estrategias de enseñanza de la Educación Física en instituciones de Básica Primaria del departamento del Atlántico, Colombia en aras de propiciar calidad educativa. En consecuencia, la investigación se fundamenta en el paradigma cuantitativo y es de tipo proyectiva; sigue un diseño no experimental, transeccional y univariable. Determina una población conformada por docentes de Educación Básica Primaria que imparten Educación física en las instituciones educativas oficiales del departamento del Atlántico; con una muestra de 30 docentes. En cuanto a las técnicas implementadas se utiliza una encuesta que cobija estas dimensiones: idoneidad docente; didáctica; aspectos curriculares; estrategias educativas de enseñanza y aprendizaje y condiciones fundamentales para la enseñanza. Al respecto, los resultados muestran que las principales debilidades se encuentran en las dimensiones de idoneidad docente, aspectos curriculares y estrategias educativas. En síntesis, los docentes reconocen que su formación específica en el área de Educación Física es una debilidad.
Influencia de las TIC en el proceso administrativo
Authors: González Ochoa Ana Lourdes , Machado Ramírez Janielsin Gissel , Talavera Hernández Merlanis Eliet , Sevilla Rizo Alberto
Published: March 2020

Este articulo analiza la influencia de las TIC en el proceso administrativo de la empresa tabacalera Perdomo Cigar S.A, así mismo, identifica los beneficios de la implementación de estas herramientas. Para el alcance de los objetivos planteados se utilizaron diferentes técnicas e instrumentos de recolección de datos (encuestas, entrevistas y guía de observación); se seleccionaron estas herramientas debido a que su diseño proporciona las bases para darle salida a los objetivos debido a que facilita desde los aspectos más generales y abstractos hasta las cuestiones más específicas. El diseño metodológico seleccionado para la investigación proporciona los elementos necesarios para recolectar y analizar las variables, así mismo, dar respuesta a la hipótesis. Entre los resultados más importantes destacan que la empresa a medida del tiempo ha introducido mejores herramientas tecnológicas con el fin de facilitar, agilizar y automatizar los procesos administrativos. La empresa proporciona a sus colaboradores las herramientas necesitarías para la realización de sus actividades en dependencia de la naturaleza de sus funciones. Mediante las aplicaciones tecnológicas se facilita tanto el captar el dato en el lugar y el momento que este se genere, como el acceder a la información dónde y cuándo se precise; la implementación de los sistemas ha venido mejorando los procesos en todas las actividades que desarrolla la empresa, lo hace más ágil, están cada vez más soportados hace que cada área de la empresa este interconectada y sea más funcional. Tanto el personal administrativo como la gerencia coinciden que la aplicación de las TIC en los procesos es de suma importancia ya que del éxito de la implementación no depende de ellos si no del manejo y uso que se les da.