bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Distribution of Semantic Fields in Author’s Texts
Authors: Pavlyshenko Bohdan
Published: August 2016

The paper describes the analysis of frequency distribution of semantic fields of nouns and verbs in the texts of English fiction. To such distributions, we applied Shapiro-Wilk test. The null hypothesis of normal distribution of semantic fields frequencies in the array of texts under analysis is rejected for some semantic fields. This makes it possible to consider the frequency distribution of semantic fields as a categorized mixture of normal distributions. As a factor of categorization, we chose text authorship. We divided the author’s categories with rejected hypothesis of normal distribution into subcategories with normal distribution. Paired Student’s t-test for the distributions of semantic fields in the texts of different authors revealed a measure of authorship representation in the structure of semantic fields. The analysis of the results showed that the author’s idiolect is represented in the vector space of semantic fields. Such a space can be used in the analysis of the authorship and author’s idiolect of texts.
Diophantine Approximations of Infinite Series and Products
Authors: Kolouch Ondřej , Novotný Lukáš
Published: August 2016

This survey paper presents some old and new results in Diophantine approximations. Some of these results improve Erdos’ results on irrationality. The results in irrationality, transcendence and linear independence of infinite series and infinite products are put together with idea of irrational sequences and expressible sets.
Archaeology of Concepts’ as research method
Authors: Cannizzaro Sara
Published: August 2016

Deely’s book is concerned with the history of logic as seen from the point of view of semiotics (part 1) and with cornerstones of semiotic philosophy, such as ‘language’, ‘knowledge’ and ‘experience’ (part 2). The first part of the book clearly strengthens the Peircean heritage of semiotics by contextualizing it within the broader history of logic and relating it to the work of other key thinkers who, like Peirce, ended up ‘doing’ semiotics while developing logic. On the other hand, part 2 of the book appears to lay out the foundations for a number of key later developments in semiotics, both in Deely’s own work and in the work of other semiotic scholars. Overall, this review suggests that part 1 is the key part of the book since the ‘archaeology of concepts’ whose workings it demonstrates appears to be an aspect of Deely’s writing that remains largely unacknowledged in the literature, hence underexploited. ‘Deely’s method’, I argue, is relevant to any kind of interdisciplinary research, including but not limited to semiotics research, and its potential as a mainstream qualitative research method for the humanities is one that should be tested further in interdisciplinary research projects.
Idea Management and Web-Based Idea Management Systems Situation and Potential in Latvia
Authors: Miķelsone Elīna , Lielā Elita
Published: August 2016

Idea management and web-based idea management systems application situation and potential in Latvia have been identified by applying qualitative and quantitative methods – community survey and expert interviews.

It has been found that there is a tendency in Latvia that ideas in the organisations are generated within the frame of the same groups of people and there is no definite idea management system or effective idea management. It is important to stress that the results of the research also show that web-based idea management systems are not widely used in Latvia, but there is a perspective to apply them in private, public and academic sectors. Perspective areas to apply web-based IMS are cultivation of open and user-driven innovation, encouragement of civic participation, contribution to public communication and a wide range of creative cultural promotion.
Non-abelian tensor and exterior products of multiplicative Lie rings
Authors: Donadze Guram , Inassaridze Nick , Ladra Manuel
Published: August 2016

We define a non-abelian tensor product of multiplicative Lie rings. This is a new concept providing
a common approach to the non-abelian tensor product of groups defined by Brown and Loday and to the non-abelian tensor product of Lie rings defined by Ellis.
We also prove an analogue of Miller’s theorem for multiplicative Lie rings.
Performance Improvement in Spatially Multiplexed MIMO Systems over Weibull-Gamma Fading Channel
Authors: Tiwari Keerti , Saini Davinder S. , Bhooshan Sunil V.
Published: August 2016

In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, spatial demultiplexing at the receiver has its own significance. Thus, several detection techniques have been investigated. There is a tradeoff between computational complexity and optimal performance in most of the detection techniques. One of the detection techniques which gives improved performance and acceptable level of complexity is ordered successive interference cancellation (OSIC) with minimum mean square error (MMSE). However, optimal performance can be achieved by maximum likelihood (ML) detection but at a higher complexity level. Therefore, MMSE-OSIC with candidates (OSIC
To Theory of Montanistic Tourism
Authors: Schejbal Ctirad
Published: August 2016

In connection with the growth of interest in technical monuments, montanistic tourism, focusing on subjects related to the use of mineral resources, is earmarked as a specific type of tourism. The article analyses the legitimacy of treating the montanistic tourism as a separate transdisciplinary field of science with its own research subject and interested people, own theoretical basis and terminology, and methodology.
Annexins A2 and A8 in endothelial cell exocytosis and the control of vascular homeostasis
Authors: Gerke Volker
Published: August 2016

Blood vessel homeostasis is controlled by a variety of regulatory circuits that involve both the vessel-lining endothelial cells as well as the circulating blood cells and products thereof. One important feature is the control exerted by endothelial cells through regulated exocytosis of factors affecting blood coagulation and local inflammatory processes. These factors include two important adhesion proteins: the leukocyte receptor P-selectin and the pro-coagulant von Willebrand factor (VWF) that binds platelets and is involved in the formation of a platelet plug at sites of blood vessel injury. Failure to correctly produce and secrete P-selectin and VWF leads to pathologies such as von Willebrand disease, the most common inherited bleeding disorder. P-selectin and VWF are stored in unique secretory granules, the Weibel-Palade bodies (WPB), that undergo a complex maturation process and are acutely secreted following endothelial stimulation, e.g. in the course of inflammation or following blood vessel injury. Two annexins have been shown to be involved in different aspects of WPB biology: annexin A8 is required for proper WPB maturation and annexin A2 participates in late steps of WPB exocytosis. Thus, by affecting the stimulated release of P-selectin and VWF from endothelial cells, annexins fulfil important functions in the control of vascular homeostasis and could be considered as targets for influencing P-selectin- and VWF-dependent processes/pathologies.
Hookah addiction among adolescents of five major cities in Central India
Authors: Khandelwal Vishal , Nayak Ullal Anand , Nayak Prathibha Anand , Iyer Sudeep S. , Bafna Yash
Published: August 2016

Introduction:

Hookah use among the Indian adolescents is on the rise without them being aware of its tobacco content. This prevalence study highlights the issues associated with hookah use among high school students of five cities of Central India.

Methods:

A study among 3500 students of high schools was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of hookah users and its associated factors including initiation/cessation, patterns, perceptions and behavior. Responses were received from 225 hookah users.

Results:

The prevalence of hookah users in the present study was found to be 6.4% (225). Most of the subjects first learned about hookah use from friends (64.5%) and smoked hookah in hookah lounges (90.7%). Generally, the adolescents were aware of various lounges in their locality.

Conclusion:

This study suggests that the use of hookahs is attracting adolescents at a very early age and is attributed to the presence of hookah lounges in various cities of Central India. Hence, the legality of hookah lounges in India should be reconsidered.
Experimental and Artificial Neural Network Modeling of a Upflow Anaerobic Contactor (UAC) for Biogas Production from Vinasse
Authors: Dibaba Ousman R. , Lahiri Sandip K. , T’Jonck Stephan , Dutta Abhishek
Published: August 2016

A pilot scale Upflow Anaerobic Contactor (UAC), based on upflow sludge blanket principle, was designed to treat vinasse waste obtained from beet molasses fermentation. An assessment of the anaerobic digestion of vinasse was carried out for the production of biogas as a source of energy. Average Organic loading rate (OLR) was around 7.5 gCOD/m3/day in steady state, increasing upto 8.1 gCOD/m3/day. The anaerobic digestion was conducted at mesophilic (30–37 °C) temperature and a stable operating condition was achieved after 81 days with average production of 65 % methane which corresponded to a maximum biogas production of 85 l/day. The optimal performance of UAC was obtained at 87 % COD removal, which corresponded to a hydraulic retention time of 16.67 days. The biogas production increased gradually with OLR, corresponding to a maximum 6.54 gCOD/m3/day (7.4 % increase from initial target). A coupled Artificial Neural Network-Differential Evolution (ANN-DE) methodology was formulated to predict chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) of the effluent along with the biogas production. The method incorporated a DE approach for the efficient tuning of ANN meta-parameters such as number of nodes in hidden layer, input and output activation function and learning rate. The model prediction indicated that it can learn the nonlinear complex relationship between the parameters and able to predict the output of the contactor with reasonable accuracy. The utilization of the coupled ANN-DE model provided significant improvement to the study and helps to study the parametric effect of influential parameters on the reactor output.
Control Groups on Trial: The Ethics of Testing Experimental Ebola Treatments
Authors: Coleman Carl H.
Published: August 2016

Although randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are generally considered the “gold standard” for testing experimental treatments, their use for Ebola has been subject to strong criticism by prominent ethicists and international aid organizations, and only one of the ongoing Ebola treatment trials has been designed in this manner. This is not the first time that RCTs in developing countries have provoked ethical controversy, but the objections to the Ebola clinical trials are fundamentally different from the concerns that have been raised in the past. After briefing reviewing the ongoing research on experimental Ebola treatments, this Article examines the current controversies in the context of previous debates over the ethics of international clinical research. It concludes that RCTs provide the most reliable method for developing effective Ebola treatments, and that their methodological rigor is itself a persuasive ethical argument in favor of using them. However, limited departures from the methodologically ideal approach may be necessary to accommodate the expectations of participants and to promote community trust.
At sea: What direction for critical early childhood research?
Authors: Urban Mathias
Published: August 2016

In this paper I reflect on the dilemma critical early childhood research finds itself in today. In order to distinguish and distance ourselves from the certainties and seemingly unquestionable truths of post-political, mainstream, ‘normalised’ research and its entanglement with neoliberal agendas and corporate interests, have we rendered ourselves irrelevant in the struggle for social justice that once formed the basis for critical inquiry in our field? What hope can there be to (re-)claim the political in our research, and what new (and old) alliances can we count on?
Superstitions between Usefulness and Strife
Authors: Bilauca Monica
Published: August 2016

The present paper investigates one of the forms of expression and manifestation belonging to popular religiosity, the superstitions, practices through which people get into disagreement with their self and with the ideology advanced by institutions whose declared mission is to investigate and overcome man’s spiritual condition, the Church. There will be looked into, on the one hand, the major types of superstitions that the Romanians have according to a number of variables (ages, gender, education) and, on the other hand, the categories of conflict generated by the superstitious behaviour.
Five Stories on Love and Technology
Authors: Petroșel Daniela
Published: August 2016

This paper analyses Florina Ilis’s novel Cinci nori colorați pe cerul de răsărit while including it in the wider context of posthumanities. Since the writer is also the author of a theoretical study on cyberpunk fiction, I thought it adequate to use posthumanities as a primary tool. Some of the prevalent themes in the text are: the primacy of information over matter, the alteration of social or personal practices and the humanisation of technology.
Crystal structure of poly-[diaqua-bis(μ2-2-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)thio)acetato-κ2
N:O) cadmium(II)], C8H8CdN6O6S2
Authors: Chen Min-Dong , Zhang Xing , Xiao Bo , Chen Feng-Hua
Published: August 2016

C8H8CdN6O6S2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.4175(11) Å, b = 13.786(2) Å, c = 7.4934(11) Å, β = 93.835(2)°, V = 3972.0(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0193, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0581, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 1-benzyl-6-hydroxy-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carbonitrile, C13H14N2O
Authors: Zhong Qi-Di , Zhu Hao , Bai Shao-Fei , Yan Hong
Published: August 2016

C13H14N2O, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.933(2) Å, b = 22.120(6) Å, c = 10.487(3) Å, β = 90.160(7)°, V = 2304.2(10) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0452, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0808, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of 3-amino-9-methoxy-1-phenyl-1H-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile, C21H16N2O2
Authors: El-Agrody Ahmed M. , Amr Abd El-Galil E. , Sabry Nermien M. , Al-Omar Mohamed A. , Ghabbour Hazem A.
Published: August 2016

C21H16N2O2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 13.4768(7) Å, b = 6.9225(3) Å, c = 18.2840(8) Å, β = 107.601(2)°, V = 1625.92(13) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0593, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1529, T = 100 K.
Pancreaticoduodenectomy for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head with venous resection
Authors: Flis Vojko , Potrc Stojan , Kobilica Nina , Ivanecz Arpad
Published: August 2016

Background

Recent reports have shown that patients with vascular tumour invasion who undergo concurrent vascular resection can achieve long-term survival rates equivalent to those without vascular involvement requiring pancreaticoduodenectomy alone. There is no consensus about which patients benefit from the portal-superior mesenteric vein resection and there is no consensus about the best surgical technique of vessel reconstruction (resection with or without graft reconstruction). As published series are small the aim of this study was to evaluate our experience in pancreatectomies with en bloc vascular resection and reconstruction of vessels.

Methods

Review of database at University Clinical Centre Maribor identified 133 patients (average age 65.4 ± 8.6 years, 69 female patients) who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy between January 2006 and August 2014. Clinical data, operative results, pathological findings and postoperative outcomes were collected prospectively and analyzed. Current literature and our experience in pancreatectomies with en bloc vascular resection and reconstruction of portal vein are reviewed.

Results

Twenty-two patients out of 133 (16.5%) had portal vein-superior mesenteric vein resection and portal vein reconstruction (PVR) during pancreaticoduodenectomy. In fourteen patients portal vein was reconstructed without the use of synthetic vascular graft. In these series two types of venous reconstruction were performed. When tumour involvement was limited to the superior mesenteric vein (SPV) or portal vein (PV) such that the splenic vein could be preserved, and vessels could be approximated without tension a primary end-to-end anastomosis was performed. When tumour involved the SMV-splenic vein confluence, splenic vein ligation was necessary. In the remaining eight procedures interposition graft was needed. Dacron grafts with 10 mm diameter were used. There was no infection after dacron grafting. One patient had portal vein thrombosis after surgery: it was thrombosis after primary reconstruction. There were no thromboses in patients with synthetic graft interposition. There were no significant differences in postoperative morbidity, mortality or grades of complication between groups of patients with or without a PVR. Median survival time in months was in a group with vein resection 16.13 months and in a group without vein resection 15.17 months. Five year survival in the group without vein resection was 19.5%. Comparison of survival curves showed equal hazard rates with log-rank p = 0.090.

Conclusions

Survival of patients with pancreatic cancer who undergo an R0 resection with reconstruction was comparable to those who have a standard pancreaticoduodenectomy with no added mortality or morbidity. Synthetic graft appeared to be an effective and safe option as an interposition graft for portomesenteric venous reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
Uncertainties in target volume delineation in radiotherapy – are they relevant and what can we do about them?
Authors: Segedin Barbara , Petric Primoz
Published: August 2016

Background

Modern radiotherapy techniques enable delivery of high doses to the target volume without escalating dose to organs at risk, offering the possibility of better local control while preserving good quality of life. Uncertainties in target volume delineation have been demonstrated for most tumour sites, and various studies indicate that inconsistencies in target volume delineation may be larger than errors in all other steps of the treatment planning and delivery process. The aim of this paper is to summarize the degree of delineation uncertainties for different tumour sites reported in the literature and review the effect of strategies to minimize them.

Conclusions

Our review confirmed that interobserver variability in target volume contouring represents the largest uncertainty in the process for most tumour sites, potentially resulting in a systematic error in dose delivery, which could influence local control in individual patients. For most tumour sites the optimal combination of imaging modalities for target delineation still needs to be determined. Strict use of delineation guidelines and protocols is advisable both in every day clinical practice and in clinical studies to diminish interobserver variability. Continuing medical education of radiation oncologists cannot be overemphasized, intensive formal training on interpretation of sectional imaging should be included in the program for radiation oncology residents.
The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with advanced (stage IIIC) epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Škof Erik , Merlo Sebastjan , Pilko Gasper , Kobal Borut
Published: August 2016

Background

Primary treatment of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer consists of chemotherapy either before (neoadjuvant chemotherapy, NACT) or after primary surgery (adjuvant chemotherapy). The goal of primary treatment is no residual disease after surgery (R0 resection) what is associated with an improvement in survival of patients. There is, however, no evidence of survival benefits in patients with R0 resections after prior NACT.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who were treated with diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer at Institute of Oncology Ljubljana in the years 2005–2007. The differences in the rates of R0 resections, progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and in five-year and eight-year survival rates between patients treated with NACT and patients who had primary surgery were compared.

Results

Overall 160 patients had stage IIIC epithelial ovarian cancer. Eighty patients had NACT and eighty patients had primary surgery. Patients in NACT group had higher rates of R0 resection (42% vs. 20%; p = 0.011) than patients after primary surgery. PFS was 14.1 months in NACT group and 17.7 months after primary surgery (p = 0.213). OS was 24.8 months in NACT group and 31.6 months after primary surgery (p = 0.012). In patients with R0 resections five-year and eight-year survival rates were 20.6% and 17.6% in NACT group compared to 62.5% and 62.5% after primary surgery (p < 0.0001), respectively.

Conclusions

Despite higher rates of R0 resections achieved by NACT, survival of patients treated with NACT was inferior to survival of patients who underwent primary surgery. NACT should only be offered to patients with advanced epithelial cancer who are not candidates for primary surgery.
Metastatic sebaceous cell carcinoma, review of the literature and use of electrochemotherapy as possible new treatment modality
Authors: Ribero Simone , Baduel Eugenio Sportoletti , Brizio Matteo , Picciotto Franco , Dika Emi , Fierro Maria Teresa , Macripò Giuseppe , Quaglino Pietro
Published: August 2016

Background

Metastatic extraorbital sebaceous carcinoma is a rare event that could involve the head and neck. The treatment of choice for the initial stage of the disease is surgery and/or radiotherapy. The treatment of recurrent or advanced disease is still controversial.

Material and methods

Extensive literature search was done, and the treatment options are discussed.

Results

Results. The literature search found several treatment modalities in use for the treatment of metastatic extraorbital sebaceous carcinoma. Electrochemotherapy was not included in the reported treatments. We used this technique for a man of 85 years old with a recurrent and locally metastatic extraorbital sebaceous carcinoma of the scalp. During the period of 8 months, two sessions of electrochemotherapy were employed, which resulted in an objective response of the tumour and good quality of life.

Conclusions

Electrochemotherapy has shown to be a interesting tools for treatment of metastatic extraorbital sebaceous carcinoma when other radical options are not available or convenient.
Control of organic polymorph formation: crystallization pathways in acoustically levitated droplets
Authors: Nguyen Thi Yen , Roessler Ernst A. , Rademann Klaus , Emmerling Franziska
Published: August 2016

Theoretical and experimental studies indicate that crystal nucleation can take more complex pathways than expected on the ground of the classical nucleation theory. Among these pathways are the formation of pre-nucleation clusters and amorphous precursor phases. A direct in situ observation of the different pathways of nucleation from solution is challenging since the paths can be influenced by heterogeneous nucleation sites, such as container walls. Here, we provide insights into the crystallization process using the in situ combination of an acoustic levitator, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray scattering. The contactless sample holder enables the observation of homogeneous crystallization processes and the detection of intermediates and final crystalline forms. We provide evidence for the existence of multiple pathways of nucleation based on the investigation of the crystallization of organic molecules from different solvents. Starting from a diluted solution, a supersaturation is reached during the experiment due to the evaporation of the solvent. The highly supersaturated solution reveals different pathways of crystallization. Depending on the degree of supersaturation either the thermodynamically stable or the metastable crystal form is observed.
Synthesis and reactions of 2-azido-1,3-di(benzyloxy)imidazolium hexafluoridophosphate
Authors: Laus Gerhard , Kostner Mirco E. , Kahlenberg Volker , Schottenberger Herwig
Published: August 2016

2-Azido-1,3-di(benzyloxy)imidazolium hexafluoridophosphate was obtained from the corresponding 2-bromo compound by reaction with sodium azide. Cycloaddition of the 2-azido compound with norbornene and norbornadiene gave the respective tricyclic aziridine and bicyclic azaoctadiene. Addition of triphenylphosphane yielded the phosphazide which upon heating eliminated dinitrogen to afford the phosphazene. The crystal structures of five compounds were determined by X-ray diffraction.
The Boom List
Authors: Staff Boom
Published: August 2016

Boom’s quarterly guide to new books to read, places to visit, and things to do in California.
Rehabilitating California’s Prisoners
Authors: Choate Brant
Published: August 2016

California’s state superintendent for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation’s Office of Correctional Education explains how the department provides programming and teaches skills to both prisoners and parolees to reduce their reconviction or return-to-prison rate, three years after release from a CDCR institution.
Healing the Broken
Authors: Stauring Javier
Published: August 2016

The United States is the only country in the world that sentences children to life in prison without the possibility of parole, but that horrifying practice is beginning to wane. Over the past five years, state and federal Supreme Courts have ruled that mandatory life sentences without parole for juveniles is unconstitutional, and California has enacted legislation that allows most of those sentenced to life as juveniles to petition for a new sentencing hearing. The hope generated by these efforts, giving a second chance to those who committed serious crimes at a young age, is transformational. This pendulum shift is the hard-won result of the organizing and advocacy efforts of passionate, resilient people who have lived with the ramifications of the gross failures of our justice system. In this essay, Stauring describes the work he’s done over the past quarter of a century to help bring these changes about.
Reflections from Inside
Authors: Vazquez Carlos Adrian
Published: August 2016

Excerpts from an autobiographical essay by Carlos Adrian Vazquez, an 18 year old serving an 11-year sentence for involuntary manslaughter. While in juvenile hall, Carlos benefited from a stream of volunteers among whom were some of California’s leading juvenile justice reform advocates—Scott Budnick of the Anti-Recidivism Coalition and Javier Stauring among them. Rev. Michael Kennedy with the Jesuit Restorative Justice Initiative encouraged Carlos through Jesuit meditation practices, which helped Carlos begin to transform his life. Through these things, and by taking responsibility for pain he caused, Carlos began actively seeking forgiveness from a number of places—society, his family, the family of his victim, God, and even Pope Francis, to whom Carlos wrote after encouragement from Kennedy. To Carlos’s surprise, on 21 January 2016, the Pope wrote him back.
The Other LAPD
Authors: Gudis Catherine
Published: August 2016

Based in Los Angeles’s Skid Row and comprised largely of the area’s formerly homeless, the Los Angeles Poverty Department creates performances from the writings, stories, and experiences of its participants. The mission of LAPD (yes, their acronym is purposeful) is to illuminate the social forces that shape the lives and communities of people living in poverty. This article describes, and includes excerpts from, State of Incarceration, an LAPD production that taps the inside knowledge of core company members, including Kevin Michael Key, Riccarlo Porter, Anthony Taylor, and Ronnie Walker, and roomfuls of other participants, some from parolee reentry programs in the area.
ЗОВНІШНІ ТА ВНУТРІШНІ ЗАГРОЗИ ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ
Authors: Руммо В. В. , Рожнатова М. В.
Published: August 2016

В статті виділено внутрішні та зовнішні загрози продовольчої безпеки України та запропонова-ні напрями забезпечення продовольчої безпеки країни. Охарактеризовані основні загрози продоволь-чої безпеки України, визначено особливості їх впливу
Analyzing the Link between Dollars and Decisions: A Multi-State Study of Campaign Contributions and Judicial Decision Making
Authors: Rebe Ryan J.
Published: August 2016

This article examines the causal connection between attorney contributions and judicial decisions in elective states.  The results show that contributions are a significant predictor of appellant success in state supreme courts when judges receive contributions from the attorneys for the appellant.  However, this relationship is contingent on the competitiveness of the judicial seat.  The analysis shows that judges who received a low percentage of the vote in the previous election are more likely to vote with contributors than judges who received a high percentage.  This evidence bolsters the argument that contributions directly affect decision making when judges feel electoral pressure.  The results also support the proposition that elected judges are more likely to vote with donors in states with nonpartisan ballots.  While the contribution amounts are higher in partisan states, the judges in the nonpartisan sample are more closely aligned with their contributors when it comes to decision making. 
Hemp concrete: carbon-negative construction
Authors: Jami Tarun , Rawtani Deepak , Agrawal Yadendra K.
Published: August 2016

The onset of heavy greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from conventional construction practices has led to research on several plausible low-carbon dioxide footprint construction materials that are either carbon dioxide neutral or carbon dioxide negative. One such ‘green’ construction material is lime hemp concrete (LHC), hemp concrete or hempcrete, which are some of the many names of this novel construction material. Hemp concrete is essentially a composite made of lime and hemp shivs. This paper presents a literature review of the various studies carried out on hemp concrete to understand its properties, drawbacks and advantages in construction. The review dwells on discussion of hemp, use of lime as a binder material and the mechanical, thermal and hygric properties of LHC. The salient features of LHC with regard to mechanical, thermal and hygric properties and ecological impact are discussed in the paper. It is observed that further research on LHC is required to be able to establish mix design principles, improve the compressive and flexural strengths of LHC and its use as a load-bearing structural material for high-rise constructions and establish cradle-to-death GHG emissions, recyclability and reusability which seem to be promising propositions with hemp concrete.
Atmospheric control of radon emissions from a waste rock dump
Authors: Lefebvre René , Lahmira Belkacem , Löbner Walfried
Published: August 2016

At the former Schlema-Alberoda mining site, located in the south-east of Germany, waste rock dump 38neu was built along a natural slope on the edge of a valley. The dump is 750 m wide, with a maximum thickness of 30 m and a total height of 100 m. Dump remediation involved surface re-sloping and placement of a 1 m thick low-permeability soil cover. A characterisation aimed to verify the soil cover efficiency: its air permeability, radon concentrations under the cover and radon fluxes, as well as differential air pressures across the soil cover. In summer, relatively high radon concentrations and fluxes were found to occur across the cover in the lower slope of the dump. Differential pressures indicate that gas flow is upwards in the dump below the 9·5°C mean atmospheric temperature and downwards otherwise. A numerical model was developed to explain the relation between dump airflow and atmospheric conditions. The results indicate that airflow is controlled by dump gas buoyancy relative to atmospheric air. Preferential gas entry and exit occur across the dump’s lower slope, where differential pressures are highest, explaining the higher radon fluxes observed near the base of the dump under high atmospheric temperatures.
Biological aspects of microbial-induced calcite precipitation
Authors: Tsesarsky Michael , Gat Daniela , Ronen Zeev
Published: August 2016

Microbially-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is an emerging ground-modification technique. This paper presents the results of laboratory experiments that elucidate some biological factors affecting bioaugmentation and biostimulation strategies of MICP. Co-culture experiments suggest that ureolytic bacterium Sporosarcina pasteurii (DSMZ 33) might release the enzyme urease once introduced into a medium containing non-ureolytic bacterium Bacillus subtilis (DSMZ 6397) due to lysis by the latter, resulting in uncontrolled calcite precipitation. This suggests that exogenous bacteria introduced into a native soil might not survive due to adverse action by indigenous bacteria. It is shown that effective biostimulation of indigenous ureolytic bacteria in low-nutrient sand can be achieved using a stimulation medium containing 200 mM urea, complemented with a simple carbon source (molasses). Changes in microbial population following stimulation were quantified, using genetic enumeration, to show that (a) the net increase in urease activity is not accompanied by increases in the relative abundance of ureolytic bacteria, (b) nitrifying bacteria are part of the enriched indigenous population and (c) nitrifying bacteria can be stimulated by the addition of ammonium only. The use of the lowest effective urea concentration and simple carbon is advocated for sustainable biostimulated MICP, yielding lower ammonium emissions and reduced post-treatment recovery overheads.
An application of precast hybrid moment-resisting frames for seismic improvement
Authors: Yooprasertchai Ekkachai , Warnitchai Pennung
Published: August 2016

This paper presents an application of precast, hybrid, moment-resisting frames for improving the seismic safety of a standard five-storey residential building with a gravity-loaded, cast in situ reinforced concrete beam–column frame system. The non-linear mechanism of this new system is mainly governed by the opening and closing of discrete gaps at the interfaces of precast members. The improvement involved several research and development components, including quasi-static reversed cyclic loading tests, capacity design of hybrid frames, seismic performance evaluation of the entire building system using non-linear dynamic analysis, and cost comparisons of the original and proposed hybrid systems. Excellent seismic performance was demonstrated using each hybrid joint type; their force–deformation responses exhibited ductile stable hysteretic loops for up to 6% drift levels without severe damage. The hybrid frame building can withstand strong ground shaking (peak ground acceleration of 0·50g) without collapsing at minimal increased total cost (16·6%) compared with the cost of the original building.
Benchmarking Operational Risk Models
Authors: Curti Filippo , Ergen Ibrahim , Le Minh , Migueis Marco , Stewart Robert
Published: August 2016

The 2004 Basel II accord requires internationally active banks to hold regulatory capital for operational risk, and the Federal Reserve's Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR) requires banks to project operational risk losses under stressed scenarios. As a result, banks subject to these rules have measured and managed operational risk more rigorously. But some types of operational risk - particularly legal risk - are challenging to model because such exposures tend to be fat-tailed. Tail operational risk losses have significantly impacted banks' balance sheets and income statements, even post crisis. So, operational risk practitioners, bank analysts, and regulators must develop reasonable methods to assess the efficacy of operational risk models and associated equity financing. We believe benchmarks should be used extensively to justify model outputs, improve model stability, and maintain capital reasonableness. Since any individual benchmark can be misleading, we outline a set of principles for using benchmarks effectively and describe how these principles can be applied to operational risk models. Also, we provide some examples of the benchmarks that have been used by US regulators in assessing Advanced Measurement Approach (AMA) capital reasonableness and that can be used in CCAR to assess the reasonableness of operational risk loss projections. We believe no single model's output and no single benchmark offers a comprehensive view, but that practitioners, analysts, and regulators must use models combined with rigorous benchmarks to determine operational risk capital and assess its adequacy.
The Roles of Information Value, Information Sense, and Prior Knowledge in Relation to the Type of Restaurant Smart Phone Application Contents
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Ryang-Suk , Choi Mi-hea
Published: August 2016

As smart phone use is commonplace, mobile users’ perceived information value is a critical issue. As a result, various types of mobile application content have been developed and become important in the research field. It is proposed that there are relationships between mobile applications and content usage. In addition, we investigated the influence of controlled variables, information sense and prior knowledge, on the relationships between mobile applications and content usage. We found moderating effects on a user’s prior knowledge as well as visual, tactile, and auditory sensory information when using mobile applications. According to this study, the results showed a significant relationship between the type of restaurant content-aware mobile applications and users’ perceived information value. Also, sensory information and prior knowledge have been shown to act as a significant moderating factor. To sum up the results of this study, types of contents such as a location search or reservation enabler were perceived as useful by actual users. The possibility that information with the sensory properties can be an effective delivery means for restaurant visitors was confirmed by this research.
Contextualization-Emotionalization Interface: A Case of Teacher Effectiveness
Authors: Pishghadam Reza , Shayesteh Shaghayegh , Rahmani Simindokht
Published: August 2016

Given the prominence of cognitive and affective factors in teacher effectiveness, this study intends to look at the issue from a different perspective and examine the roles of contextualization and emotionalization in teacher success. In so doing, 305 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners rated their English teachers to determine the extent to which they contextualize and emotionalize their instructions. During the first phase of the study, a pair of scales were constructed and substantiated via Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to serve the abovementioned purpose. As for the second phase, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was utilized to shed light on any probable relationships among the independent variables and teacher success. The results indicated that, teachers who contextualize and emotionalize their instructional practices, enjoy an enhanced level of success. Moreover, it was revealed that, in the close competition between contextualization and emotionalization, contextualization was identified as a slightly better predictor of teacher success. Building upon the rather strong links between the sub-construct of contextualization and emotionalization, it was further inferred that, mutual juxtaposition of the two concepts contribute to teacher success. In the end, the results were discussed in the realm of English language education.
IMPROVING CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTION OF BEAM WITH CORRUGATED WALL
Authors: LUKIN Aleksey O. , ALPATOV Vadim Yu. , CHERNYSHEV Dmitriy D.
Published: August 2016

The analysis of improving ways to test for load-bearing structures - metal beams with corrugated wall was conducted. Weak places, limiting their load-bearing capacity were determined. It was found that the criterion for determining the carrying capacity of thin-walled corrugated beam is its local resistance. The author's solution to increase the local stability of the corrugated wall beams was suggested. Author's solution is to give the corrugated wall of further extruded profile of different geometry. The influence of the shape and size of punching the wall on the carrying capacity of corrugated beams was determined. The studies confirming the effectiveness of the proposed constructive solutions increase the stability of the corrugated wall are conducted. Preliminary assessment of the degree of increase of the bearing capacity of the beam by punching its wall is obtained.
ABOUT THE NEED OF CREATING AN EFFECTIVE HEAT INSULATION MATERIAL FOR HOUSING BASED ON FOAM GLASS COMPOSITION
Authors: MIZYURYAEV Sergey A. , ZHIGULINA Anna Yu. , GANECHKINA Kseniya V.
Published: August 2016

The article deals with the problems of eff ective insulation for housing construction. The most commonly used heaters in our country are polystyrene and mineral wool. The advantages and disadvantages of these heaters, and proposed the idea of creating an alternative insulation based on foam glass composition are studied. This material is stripped major drawbacks polystyrene and mineral wool. It is durable, durable, non-fl ammable, water-resistant, environmentally friendly, and has a number of other advantages. The disadvantage of the material can be considered its high cost. To reduce the cost of insulation it is supposed to consider the possibility of introducing into its composition various additives, including industrial waste, which will help solve up-to-date environmental problems.
CAUSES OF HEAT NETWORKS DAMAGEABILITY
Authors: TITOV Gennadiy I. , NOVOPASHINA Nadezhda A. , TITOV Vyacheslav G.
Published: August 2016

Factors reduced the reliability of the heat supply networks is proposed to generalize to more substantive reasons. These are: external corrosion, internal corrosion and other reasons. The change of amount of heat damage to the outside network and internal corrosion, depending on the pipe diameter is introduced. The curve characterizing changes in the amount of heat damage to the network from external corrosion reliably obeys a normal distribution law. Recommendations to increase the service life of the heat pipe network are given.
Seis personagens à procura de um tradutor (ou de um crítico). Por uma história das traduções de Machado de Assis na Itália como história das não traduções
Authors: Mulinacci Roberto
Published: August 2016

Este artigo pretende debruçar-se sobre as dinâmicas editoriais da tradução dos romances de Machado de Assis na Itália, cuja característica dominante é, sem dúvida, representada pela prática da retradução, à qual estão periodicamente submetidas as três obras maiores (Memórias póstumas, Quincas Borba, Dom Casmurro) em detrimento de todas as demais. Portanto, se levarmos em conta que as pouquíssimas traduções não pertencentes à trilogia são bastante negligenciadas pela crítica que se ocupa da recepção do autor e, além disso, nem sequer todas as traduções da trilogia cabem no cânone italiano dele, talvez não seja impróprio perspectivar a história da bibliografia machadiana na Itália pela ótica dos seus vazios, sendo as não traduções a face oculta dos textos efetivamente existentes.
Rosa is a rose is arose
Authors: Galindo Caetano Waldrigues
Published: August 2016

O texto pretende apresentar o esboço de uma proposta de avaliação de resultados de tradução literária, em certa medida nos moldes da proposta de Paulo Henriques Britto (2002) para a poesia. A partir disso, o objetivo é ressaltar a diferença entre duas traduções para o inglês de Grande sertão: veredas, de João Guimarães Rosa (Taylor & Onís, 1963; Entrekin, em curso) a partir de uma breve exposição das “singularidades” do original: daquilo que Meschonnic (2010) poderia chamar de “marcado”.
Siblings of Disabled Peoples' Attitudes Toward Prenatal Genetic Testing and Disability: A Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Friedman Carli , Owen Aleksa L
Published: August 2016

We used the phenomenon of prenatal genetic testing to learn more about how siblings of disabled people understand prenatal genetic testing and social meanings of disability. By interweaving data on siblings' conscious and unconscious disability attitudes and prenatal testing with siblings' explanations of their views of prenatal testing we explored siblings' unique relationships with disability, a particular set of perspectives on prenatal genetic testing, and examined how siblings' decision-making processes reveal their attitudes about disability more generally. In doing so we found siblings have both personal and broad stakes regarding their experiences with disability that impact their views.
Autistic Identity Development and Postsecondary Education
Authors: Gobbo Ken , Shmulsky Solvegi
Published: August 2016

As the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) becomes more prevalent in society and an autistic culture develops and moves forward, colleges and universities are in the position of supporting students with similar differences but opposing views about how to address those differences. The autism acceptance movement emphasizes the need for change by educational institutions and society at large, while the medical model perspective seeks to understand cause and believes autistic people need treatment and even need to be cured of autism. This article uses a disability identity development model to explore the potential impact of autism acceptance and medical model perspectives at different stages of development. Postsecondary program elements that emphasize neurodiversity, understanding strengths, and the building of academic strategies for success that support students who are in the process of identity development are recommended.
Dominant Health Discourses in Action: Constructing People with Disabilities as the "Inadmissible Other" in Canadian Immigration
Authors: El-Lahib Yahya
Published: August 2016

This paper reports on a Critical Discourse Analysis study situated within a postcolonial theoretical framework and informed by Foucauldian analysis and the lens of governmentality.  The study examined official Canadian immigration documents and guidelines.  Findings suggest that discourses of risk and protection are used to mask dominant health discourses that construct immigration applicants with disabilities as the "inadmissible Other".  Implications for social work and other helping professions involved in facilitating immigration and settlement for newcomers with disabilities are discussed, and suggestions for future directions in research are offered.