bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green Political Science
Authors: O’Neill Daniel , Bernhard Michael
Published: June 2023

Each year we have the honor to publish an article version of the APSA Presidential Address. In the six years we have done this John Ishiyama is the first comparativist whose work we have featured in this capacity. He presently holds an appointment as University Distinguished Research Professor of Political Science at the University of North Texas. John has long been a fixture in the subfield of comparative politics for his contributions on democratization, political parties, and ethnic politics in both the post-Soviet region and Africa. He has also written extensively on teaching, publishing, and assessment in political science. He has published over 150 articles. And while the outlets and subject matter are too diverse to summarize succinctly, we do want to mention that “The Politics of Intercountry Adoption: Explaining Variation in the Legal Requirements of Sub-Saharan African Countries,” coauthored with Marijke Breuning, won the 2010 APSA Heinz Eulau Award for Best Journal Article published in Perspectives on Politics during the previous year (2009).
Rush skeletonweed (Chondrilla juncea) control and winter wheat injury with picloram applied in fallow
Authors: Lyon Drew J. , Thorne Mark E.
Published: June 2023

Rush skeletonweed is an invasive weed in the winter wheat–fallow production regions of the inland Pacific Northwest. The objectives of this study were to determine the dose response of rush skeletonweed to picloram applied in the fall or spring of the fallow year with either a broadcast or weed-sensing sprayer, and to evaluate injury and grain yield in the subsequent winter wheat crop from these fallow treatments. Field studies were conducted between 2019 and 2022. Fall treatments were applied at one site in 2019, and one site in 2020. Spring treatments were applied at two sites in 2021. Four picloram herbicide rates (0, 140, 280, and 560 g ae ha−1), were applied with either a weed-sensing precision applicator or with a standard broadcast spray applicator. Rush skeletonweed densities in the wheat crop following fall-applied treatments declined with increasing picloram rates at both sites. Treatments applied with the weed-sensing sprayer achieved similar efficacy to broadcast treatments with an average of 37% and 26% of the broadcast rate applied. Spring-applied broadcast treatments resulted in reduced rush skeletonweed densities in wheat with increasing picloram rates. Picloram rate had no apparent effect on rush skeletonweed density when applied in the spring with a weed-sensing sprayer; however, the weed-sensing sprayer applied just 16% and 9% of the broadcast rate. Winter wheat grain yields were not reduced by fall picloram applications. Grain yields were not reduced by spring applications of picloram with the weed-sensing sprayer; however, grain yields were reduced by spring broadcast applications of picloram at both locations, and grain yields declined as the picloram rate increased. Applying picloram in the fall of the fallow phase with a weed-sensing sprayer provides effective and economical control of rush skeletonweed with a low risk for crop injury and yield loss in the following winter wheat crop.
Dose-response of five weed species to indaziflam and oxadiazon
Authors: Ramanathan Shwetha S. , Gannon Travis W. , Maxwell Patrick J.
Published: June 2023

Indaziflam and oxadiazon are efficacious preemergence herbicides used in warm-season turfgrass because of their persistence and residual activity. It is beneficial to quantify effective concentrations for preemergence control of summer annual weeds and determine whether these concentrations are maintained throughout weed emergence periods. Therefore, greenhouse bioassays were conducted with barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, doveweed, large crabgrass, and purple nutsedge. Treatments included indaziflam at 0, 4, 8, 12, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, and 37 g ai ha−1 or oxadiazon at 0, 420, 841, 1,260, 1,681, 2,102, 2,354, 2,942, 3,363, and 3,783 g ha−1. Although preemergence herbicides are not used to control perennial weeds, purple nutsedge was included to investigate the effect of selected herbicides on its growth. Herbicide EC50, EC80, and EC90 for seedling emergence inhibition and shoot and root mass reduction were quantified from log-logistic dose–response curves. Herbicide concentration that remains from a preemergence application during the regional species-specific periodicity of emergence was predicted using first-order kinetics equations. Indaziflam and oxadiazon controlled seedling emergence 14 d after treatment (DAT) in the evaluated annual weeds and shoot and root mass in all species 84 DAT. Indaziflam applied in mid-March at 33 g ha−1 may provide up to 90% seedling emergence inhibition in large crabgrass and signalgrass; up to 80% in barnyardgrass; and up to 50% in doveweed. Oxadiazon applied in mid-March at 3,363 g ha−1 may provide up to 80% seedling emergence inhibition in all species. Indaziflam and oxadiazon may control up to 80% shoot mass and up to 50% root mass, respectively, in purple nutsedge and 80% to 90% shoot or root mass in other species. Such information is useful in evaluating adequacy of herbicide management practices for season-long weed control, and it aids turfgrass managers in applying preemergence herbicides at optimal timing based on target weed species.
Klassenführung im Studium lernen
Authors: Kerres Andrea , Wissing Christiane
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung: Im vierten Semester des Bachelorstudiengangs Pflegepädagogik an der Katholischen Stiftungshochschule München (KSH) durchlaufen die Studierenden eine Simulation zum Thema Klassenführung. Die Auswertung zeigt, dass der Lerngewinn durch die Reflexionsschleifen zustande kommt und in den Augen der Studierenden zur Findung ihrer Rolle als Lehrende beiträgt.
Präoperative Patientenedukation
Authors: Pöhner Julien , Kaiser Julia , Nagl-Cupal Martin
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung: Dieser Beitrag aus Österreich soll zeigen, welche Bedeutung präoperative Patientenedukation vor allem in der abdominellen Chirurgie für die Betroffenen hat und wie Prozesse in der Praxis optimiert werden können, um eine bestmögliche Versorgung für die Patient_innen zu gewährleisten. Dadurch erhalten diese die Möglichkeit, aktiv an ihrer Behandlung mitzuwirken.
Validation of Ionospheric Modeled TEC in the Equatorial Ionosphere During the 2013 March and 2021 November Geomagnetic Storms
Authors: Chou Min‐Yang , Yue Jia , Wang Jack , Huba J. D. , El Alaoui Mostafa , Kuznetsova Maria M. , Rastätter Lutz , Shim Ja Soon , Fang Tzu‐Wei , Meng Xing , Fuller‐Rowell Dominic , Retterer John M.
Published: June 2023

This paper presents the validation of modeled total electron content (TEC) from 14 ionospheric models, including empirical, physics‐based, and data assimilation (DA) models, hosted by the NASA/NSF Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC), NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center, and NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). This study aims to assess the current progress and capability of the CCMC‐hosted ionospheric models in capturing the storm time ionosphere during the low and moderate solar flux years. We focus on the low‐latitude ionosphere (i.e., ±40° in magnetic latitude) and compare the modeled TEC with the Madrigal TEC during the 2013 March and 2021 November storms. Multiple metrics are used to quantitatively assess the models' accuracy, precision, association, bias, and capability in capturing the TEC changes in response to the storms. The skill score based on the metric scores is further proposed to evaluate the overall performance of ionospheric models against the reference model (International Reference Ionosphere 2016; IRI‐2016). The results indicate that the DA model GLObal Total Electron Content and JPL Global Ionospheric Map models show good performance in modeling the TEC and reasonably reflect the storm time TEC changes spatially and temporally. The empirical models IRI‐2016 and 2020 show relatively good performance compared with the physics‐based models regarding the model‐data comparison; however, it is difficult to characterize the TEC changes caused by storms. The physics‐based models can simulate the storm effect in spatial and temporal TEC variations better than the empirical model. The performance of ionospheric models in capturing the storm time TEC anomaly is presented and discussed.
Activation of TLR7-mediated autophagy increases epileptic susceptibility via reduced KIF5A-dependent GABAA receptor transport in a murine model
Authors: Liu Jing , Ke Pingyang , Guo Haokun , Gu Juan , Liu Yan , Tian Xin , Wang Xuefeng , Xiao Fei
Published: June 2023

The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis are poorly understood but are considered to actively involve an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission. Excessive activation of autophagy, a cellular pathway that leads to the removal of proteins, is known to aggravate the disease. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 is an innate immune receptor that regulates autophagy in infectious and noninfectious diseases. However, the relationship between TLR7, autophagy, and synaptic transmission during epileptogenesis remains unclear. We found that TLR7 was activated in neurons in the early stage of epileptogenesis. TLR7 knockout significantly suppressed seizure susceptibility and neuronal excitability. Furthermore, activation of TLR7 induced autophagy and decreased the expression of kinesin family member 5 A (KIF5A), which influenced interactions with γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR)-associated protein and GABAARβ2/3, thus producing abnormal GABAAR-mediated postsynaptic transmission. Our results indicated that TLR7 is an important factor in regulating epileptogenesis, suggesting a possible therapeutic target for epilepsy.
Functional roles of sphingolipids in immunity and their implication in disease
Authors: Lee Mingyu , Lee Suh Yeon , Bae Yoe-Sik
Published: June 2023

Sphingolipids, which are components of cellular membranes and organ tissues, can be synthesized or degraded to modulate cellular responses according to environmental cues, and the balance among the different sphingolipids is important for directing immune responses, regardless of whether they originate, as intra- or extracellular immune events. Recent progress in multiomics-based analyses and methodological approaches has revealed that human health and diseases are closely related to the homeostasis of sphingolipid metabolism, and disease-specific alterations in sphingolipids and related enzymes can be prognostic markers of human disease progression. Accumulating human clinical data from genome-wide association studies and preclinical data from disease models provide support for the notion that sphingolipids are the missing pieces that supplement our understanding of immune responses and diseases in which the functions of the involved proteins and nucleotides have been established. In this review, we analyze sphingolipid-related enzymes and reported human diseases to understand the important roles of sphingolipid metabolism. We discuss the defects and alterations in sphingolipid metabolism in human disease, along with functional roles in immune cells. We also introduce several methodological approaches and provide summaries of research on sphingolipid modulators in this review that should be helpful in studying the roles of sphingolipids in preclinical studies for the investigation of experimental and molecular medicines.
Fossil organic carbon utilization in marine Arctic fjord sediments by subsurface micro-organisms
Authors: Ruben Manuel , Hefter Jens , Schubotz Florence , Geibert Walter , Butzin Martin , Gentz Torben , Grotheer Hendrik , Forwick Matthias , Szczuciński Witold , Mollenhauer Gesine
Published: June 2023

Rock-derived or petrogenic organic carbon has traditionally been regarded as being non-bioavailable and bypassing the active carbon cycle when eroded. However, it has become apparent that this organic carbon might not be so inert, especially in fjord systems where petrogenic organic carbon influxes can be high, making its degradation another potential source of greenhouse gas emissions. The extent to which subsurface micro-organisms use this organic carbon is not well constrained, despite its potential impacts on global carbon cycling. Here, we performed compound-specific radiocarbon analyses on intact polar lipid–fatty acids of live micro-organisms from marine sediments in Hornsund Fjord, Svalbard. By this means, we estimate that local bacterial communities utilize between 5 ± 2% and 55 ± 6% (average of 25 ± 16%) of petrogenic organic carbon for their biosynthesis, providing evidence for the important role of petrogenic organic carbon as a substrate after sediment redeposition. We hypothesize that the lack of sufficient recently synthesized organic carbon from primary production forces micro-organisms into utilization of petrogenic organic carbon as an alternative energy source. The input of petrogenic organic carbon to marine sediments and subsequent utilization by subsurface micro-organisms represents a natural source of fossil greenhouse gas emissions over geological timescales.
Chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of the prickly nightshade Solanum rostratum Dunal
Authors: Zhang Yue , Guo Wenchao , Yuan Zhili , Song Zhen , Wang Zhonghui , Gao Jinhui , Fu Weidong , Zhang Guoliang
Published: June 2023

The prickly nightshade Solanum rostratum, an annual malignant weed, is native to North America and has globally invaded 34 countries, causing serious threats to ecosystems, agriculture, animal husbandry, and human health. In this study, we constructed a chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of S. rostratum. The contig-level genome was initially assembled in 898.42 Mb with a contig N50 of 62.00 Mb from PacBio high-fidelity reads. With Hi-C sequencing data scaffolding, 96.80% of the initially assembled sequences were anchored and orientated onto 12 pseudo-chromosomes, generating a genome of 869.69 Mb with a contig N50 of 72.15 Mb. We identified 649.92 Mb (72.26%) of repetitive sequences and 3,588 non-coding RNAs in the genome. A total of 29,694 protein-coding genes were predicted, with 28,154 (94.81%) functionally annotated genes. We found 99.5% and 91.3% complete embryophyta_odb10 genes in the pseudo-chromosomes genome and predicted gene datasets by BUSCO assessment. The present genomic resource provides essential information for subsequent research on the mechanisms of environmental adaptation of S. rostratum and host shift in Colorado potato beetles.
Sources of contamination in sediments of retention tanks and the influence of precipitation type on the size of pollution load
Authors: Matej-Łukowicz Karolina , Wojciechowska Ewa , Kolerski Tomasz , Nawrot Nicole , Kuliński Karol , Winogradow Aleksandra
Published: June 2023

Densification of cities and urban population contributes to increased runoff and suspended solids and alteration of the urban water cycle. Nowadays, Blue-Green Infrastructure is promoted to increase a city’s resilience to floods; however, stormwater drainage systems, supported with retention tanks are still important in protecting urban areas against floods. Sediment accumulation in stormwater infrastructure relates to an issue of pollutants such as heavy metals, nutrients etc. Research on the origin of the pollutants associated with the suspension and ultimately sediment accumulated in sewage can bring new insights about processes in urban catchment areas. This is the first study, which is focused on the analysis of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in bottom sediments collected from municipal retention tanks to verify the origin of the deposited pollutants immediately after pluvial floods. The research was additionally extended with water quality analyzes immediately after three types of weather: a dry period, typical precipitation (< 30 mm) and torrential rainfalls (2 events with daily precipitation over 30 mm which caused pluvial flooding of the city area). Analyses of sediments indicated that the main source of carbon and nitrogen in the bottom of the retention tanks had been brought with stormwater runoff from the city area. Organic nitrogen fertilizers appeared to be the main source of nitrogen, while the sources of organic carbon were mixed: C3 land plants, wood, and oil. Additionally, it was found that torrential rainfall caused a 23-fold increase of N-NO3 concentration, a sevenfold increase of P-PO4 concentration, and an over fivefold increase of concentration of organic matter, in comparison to typical precipitation.
Influence of jump height on the game efficiency in elite volleyball players
Authors: Pawlik Damian , Mroczek Dariusz
Published: June 2023

The aim of the study was to verify the impact of the jump height measured during the serve, attack and block on their effectiveness. The analysis of the literature and observations lead to the hypothesis that despite the similarities in men's and women's volleyball, the nature of the way of playing between women and men differs. The observation covered 39 male and 24 female elite volleyball players. We used a proprietary software tool, namely OpenCV to assess the jump height library. The analysis was performed on the jump serve height (SJH), attack jump height (AJH), and block jump height (BJH). The following analysis was performed to confirm the differences in the height of the jump and partially confirm the hypothesis. The main difference between men's and women's volleyball is how the serve, attack and block jump height affect winning or losing match sets. In male volleyball players, there is a decrease in the parameters of SJH, AJH and BJH in subsequent sets of matches, while in female volleyball players this relationship is reversed. For men, it seems reasonable to strive to increase the height of a jump to maximize effective offensive actions, as well as to maintain the developed performance throughout a match. In women's volleyball, it is worth using such training measures that allow players would achieve their maximum jumping abilities from the first set, and the main training goal should be focused on the technique and tactics of the whole team.
Worn surface topography and mathematical modeling of Ti-6Al-3Mo-2Sn-2Zr-2Nb-1.5Cr alloy
Authors: Elshaer Ramadan N. , Ibrahim Khaled M. , Farahat Ahmed Ismail Zaky
Published: June 2023

This study aims at investigating worn surface topography and mathematical modeling of annealed Ti-6Al-3Mo-2Sn-2Zr-2Nb-1.5Cr alloy using response surface methodology (RSM). The alloy was subjected to three different regimes in order to study their effect on mechanical properties. First regime was applying cold deformation by compression until 15% drop in height at room temperature. The second regime was performing solution treated on the deformed samples at 920 °C for 15 min then air-cooled (AC) to ambient temperature. Third regime was applying aging on the deformed and solution treated specimen for 4 hr at 590 °C followed by air-cooling. Three different velocities (1, 1.5, and 2 m/s) were adopted to conduct dry sliding wear according to the experimental design technique (EDT). Gwyddion and Matlab softwares were used to detect worn surface photographs analytically and graphically. Maximum hardness of 425 HV20 was obtained for AC+Aging specimen, while minimum hardness of 353 HV20 was reported for the annealed specimen. Applying aging process after solution treatment enhanced considerably the wear property and this enhancement reached 98% as compared to the annealed condition. The relationship between input factors (hardness & velocity) and responses (Abbott Firestone zones) was demonstrated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The best models for Abbott Firestone zones (high peaks, exploitation, and voids) produced accurate data that could be estimated for saving time and cost. The results showed that the average surface roughness increases with increasing sliding velocity for all conditions except AC+Aging condition where the average surface roughness decreased with increasing sliding velocity. The results revealed that at low velocity and hardness, the material gives the highest exploitation zone (86%). While at high velocity and hardness, the material gives the lowest exploitation zone (70%). In general, the predicted results of mathematical model showed close agreement with experimental results, creating that models could be utilized to predict Abbott Firestone zones satisfactorily.
Natural vectors of Plasmodium knowlesi and other primate, avian and ungulate malaria parasites in Narathiwat Province, Southern Thailand
Authors: Yanmanee Surasuk , Seethamchai Sunee , Kuamsab Napaporn , Karaphan Sunate , Suwonkerd Wannapa , Jongwutiwes Somchai , Putaporntip Chaturong
Published: June 2023

To date, four species of simian malaria parasites including Plasmodium knowlesi, P. cynomolgi, P. inui and P. fieldi have been incriminated in human infections in Thailand. Although the prevalence of malaria in macaque natural hosts has been investigated, their vectors remain unknown in this country. Herein, we performed a survey of Anopheles mosquitoes during rainy and dry seasons in Narathiwat Province, Southern Thailand. Altogether 367 Anopheles mosquitoes were captured for 40 nights during 18:00 to 06:00 h by using human-landing catches. Based on morphological and molecular identification, species composition comprised An. maculatus (37.06%), An. barbirostris s.l. (31.34%), An. latens (17.71%), An. introlatus (10.08%) and others (3.81%) including An. umbrosus s.l., An. minimus, An. hyrcanus s.l., An. aconitus, An. macarthuri and An.kochi. Analyses of individual mosquitoes by PCR, sequencing and phylogenetic inference of the mitochondrial cytochrome genes of both malaria parasites and mosquitoes have revealed that the salivary gland samples of An. latens harbored P. knowlesi (n = 1), P. inui (n = 2), P. fieldi (n = 1), P. coatneyi (n = 1), P. hylobati (n = 1) and an unnamed Plasmodium species known to infect both long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques (n = 2). The salivary glands of An. introlatus possessed P. cynomolgi (n = 1), P. inui (n = 1), P. hylobati (n = 1) and coexistence of P. knowlesi and P. inui (n = 1). An avian malaria parasite P. juxtanucleare has been identified in the salivary gland sample of An. latens. Three other distinct lineages of Plasmodium with phylogenetic affinity to avian malaria species were detected in An. latens, An. introlatus and An. macarthuri. Interestingly, the salivary gland sample of An. maculatus contained P. caprae, an ungulate malaria parasite known to infect domestic goats. Most infected mosquitoes harbored multiclonal Plasmodium infections. All Plasmodium-infected mosquitoes were captured during the first quarter of the night and predominantly occurred during rainy season. Since simian malaria in humans has a wide geographic distribution in Thailand, further studies in other endemic areas of the country are mandatory for understanding transmission and prevention of zoonotic malaria.
File-level malware detection using byte streams
Authors: Jeong Young-Seob , Mswahili Medard Edmund , Kang Ah Reum
Published: June 2023

As more documents appear on the Internet, it becomes important to detect malware within the documents. Malware of non-executables might be more dangerous because people usually open them without worrying about inherent danger. Recently, deep learning models are used to analyze byte streams of the non-executables for malware detection. Although they have shown successful results, they are commonly designed for stream-level detection, but not for file-level detection. In this paper, we propose a new method that aggregates the stream-level results to get file-level results for malware detection. We demonstrate its effectiveness by experimental results with our annotated dataset, and show that it gives performance gain of 3.37–5.89% of F1 scores.
Morpho-physiological responses and growth indices of triticale to drought and salt stresses
Authors: Mohammadi Alagoz Soheyla , Hadi Hashem , Toorchi Mahmoud , Pawłowski Tomasz Andrzej , Asgari Lajayer Behnam , Price G. W. , Farooq Muhammad , Astatkie Tess
Published: June 2023

Salinity and drought are two major abiotic stresses challenging global crop production and food security. In this study, the effects of individual and combined effects of drought (at different phenological stages) and salt stresses on growth, morphology, and physiology of triticale were evaluated. For this purpose, a 3 x 4 factorial design in three blocks experiment was conducted. The stress treatments included three levels of salinity (0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl) and four levels of drought (regular irrigation as well as irrigation disruption at heading, flowering, and kernel extension stages). The stresses, individual as well as combined, caused a significant decrease in chlorophyll contents, total dry matter, leaf area index, relative water content, and grain yield of triticale. In this regard, the highest reduction was recorded under combined stresses of 100 mM NaCl and drought stress at flowering. However, an increase in soluble sugars, leaf free proline, carotenoid contents, and electrolyte leakage was noted under stress conditions compared to the control. In this regard, the highest increase in leaf free proline, soluble sugars, and carotenoid contents were noted under the combination of severe salinity and drought stress imposed at the flowering stage. Investigating the growth indices in severe salinity and water deficit stress in different phenological stages shows the predominance of ionic stress over osmotic stress under severe salinity. The highest grain yield was observed under non-saline well-watered conditions whereas the lowest grain yield was recorded under severe salinity and drought stress imposed at the flowering stage. In conclusion, the flowering stage was more sensitive than the heading and kernel extension stages in terms of water deficit. The impact of salinity and water deficit was more pronounced on soluble sugars and leaf free proline; so, these criteria can be used as physiological indicators for drought and salinity tolerance in triticale.
Running demands and tactical individual actions of wingers appear to depend on the playing formations within an amateur football team
Authors: Izquierdo José María , Marqués-Jiménez Diego , Redondo Juan Carlos
Published: June 2023

We examine the differences in running performance demands and tactical individual actions for male amateur football wingers in four tactical formations: 4-2-3-1, 4-4-2, 3-5-2 and 3-4-2-1 during an entire season. Running demands were assessed in terms of: total distance run; distance traveled at 3 different speed ranges (Jogging, Running, and Sprinting); and number of accelerations registered in two different magnitude bands (Medium and High) while tactical individual actions were assessed through 3269 team match observations. 3-5-2 formation entails the highest running demands, exhibiting significant disparities in Jogging when compared to 4-2-3-1 and 3-5-2, in Sprinting when comparing 4-2-3-1 with both the 3-5-2 and the 3-4-2-1 formations. Moreover, the wingers in the 3-5-2 formation demonstrate the lowest scores in various tactical individual actions, including Shots: 3-5-2 vs. 3-4-2-1; Goal Area Shots: 3-5-2 vs. 3-4-2-1; and Dribbles: 3-5-2 vs. 3-4-2-1. Finally, wingers registered the highest levels of defensive tactical individual actions in 4-4-2 and 3-5-2. Findings suggest it would be of benefit for coaches to focus on formulating specific training plans to address the specific demands placed on wingers playing in these amateur matches and running performance demands and tactical individual actions should be considered together with tactical formation.
Indirect CRISPR screening with photoconversion revealed key factors of drug resistance with cell–cell interactions
Authors: Sugita Keisuke , Onishi Iichiroh , Nakayama Ran , Ishibashi Sachiko , Ikeda Masumi , Inoue Miori , Narita Rina , Oshima Shiori , Shimizu Kaho , Saito Shinichiro , Sato Shingo , Moriarity Branden S. , Yamamoto Kouhei , Largaespada David A. , Kitagawa Masanobu , Kurata Morito
Published: June 2023

Comprehensive screenings to clarify indirect cell–cell interactions, such as those in the tumor microenvironment, especially comprehensive assessments of supporting cells’ effects, are challenging. Therefore, in this study, indirect CRISPR screening for drug resistance with cell–cell interactions was invented. The photoconvertible fluorescent protein Dendra2 was inducted to supporting cells and explored the drug resistance responsible factors of supporting cells with CRISPR screenings. Random mutated supporting cells co-cultured with leukemic cells induced drug resistance with cell–cell interactions. Supporting cells responsible for drug resistance were isolated with green-to-red photoconversion, and 39 candidate genes were identified. Knocking out C9orf89, MAGI2, MLPH, or RHBDD2 in supporting cells reduced the ratio of apoptosis of cancer cells. In addition, the low expression of RHBDD2 in supporting cells, specifically fibroblasts, of clinical pancreatic cancer showed a shortened prognosis, and a negative correlation with CXCL12 was observed. Indirect CRISPR screening was established to isolate the responsible elements of cell–cell interactions. This screening method could reveal unknown mechanisms in all kinds of cell–cell interactions by revealing live phenotype-inducible cells, and it could be a platform for discovering new targets of drugs for conventional chemotherapies.
Sulcal morphology of posteromedial cortex substantially differs between humans and chimpanzees
Authors: Willbrand Ethan H. , Maboudian Samira A. , Kelly Joseph P. , Parker Benjamin J. , Foster Brett L. , Weiner Kevin S.
Published: June 2023

Recent studies identify a surprising coupling between evolutionarily new sulci and the functional organization of human posteromedial cortex (PMC). Yet, no study has compared this modern PMC sulcal patterning between humans and non-human hominoids. To fill this gap in knowledge, we first manually defined over 2500 PMC sulci in 120 chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) hemispheres and 144 human hemispheres. We uncovered four new sulci, and quantitatively identified species differences in sulcal incidence, depth, and surface area. Interestingly, some sulci are more common in humans and others, in chimpanzees. Further, we found that the prominent marginal ramus of the cingulate sulcus differs significantly between species. Contrary to classic observations, the present results reveal that the surface anatomy of PMC substantially differs between humans and chimpanzees—findings which lay a foundation for better understanding the evolution of neuroanatomical-functional and neuroanatomical-behavioral relationships in this highly expanded region of the human cerebral cortex.
Opportunities and considerations for studying liver disease with microphysiological systems on a chip
Authors: Otumala Adiya E. , Hellen Dominick J. , Luna C. Alessandra , Delgado Priscilla , Dissanayaka Anjana , Ugwumadu Chidozie , Oshinowo Oluwamayokun , Islam Md. Mydul , Shen Luyao , Karpen Saul J. , Myers David R.
Published: June 2023

We comprehensively review state of the art in liver microphysiological systems, as well as relevant diseases, highlighting numerous engineering challenges and open questions in the field of hepatology.
Light and thermally activated spin crossover coupled to an order–disorder transition of a propyl chain in an iron(iii) complex
Authors: Boonprab Theerapoom , Habarakada Upeksha , Chastanet Guillaume , Harding Phimphaka , Harding David J.
Published: June 2023

A series of three solvates [Fe(naphPren)2]I·CH2Cl21, [Fe(naphPren)2]I·CHCl32 and [Fe(naphPren)2]I·acetone 3 showing thermal and light-induced spin crossover is reported.
Dimethyl ether/CO2 – a hitherto underestimated H2 storage cycle
Authors: Schühle P. , Stöber R. , Gierse M. , Schaadt A. , Szolak R. , Thill S. , Alders M. , Hebling C. , Wasserscheid P. , Salem O.
Published: June 2023

The DME/CO2 storage cycle is particularly suitable for point-to-point transport of renewable hydrogen over long distances.
Synthesis, crystallographic structure, theoretical analysis, molecular docking studies, electronic properties and biological activity evaluation of ruthenium-complex bearing N-heterocyclic carbene ligand
Authors: Slimani I. , Amri Nasser , Mukhrish Yousef E. , Gurbuz Nevin , Özdemir Ismail , Ghalla Houcine , Özdemir Namık , Mansour Lamjed , Hamdi Naceur
Published: June 2023

The development of new classes of antimicrobials is urgently needed due to the widespread occurrence of multi-resistant pathogens.
Topological quantum magnets for transverse thermoelectric energy conversion
Authors: B. M. Anil Kumar , Guin Satya N.
Published: June 2023

Topological materials are on the rise. This review discusses the latest development of topological materials for transverse thermoelectrics based on the Nernst effect.
Wavefront error of PHI/HRT on Solar Orbiter at various heliocentric distances
Authors: Kahil F. , Gandorfer A. , Hirzberger J. , Calchetti D. , Sinjan J. , Valori G. , Solanki S. K. , Van Noort M. , Albert K. , Albelo Jorge N. , Alvarez-Herrero A. , Appourchaux T. , Bellot Rubio L. R. , Blanco Rodríguez J. , Feller A. , Fiethe B. , Germerott D. , Gizon L. , Guerrero L. , Gutierrez-Marques P. , Kolleck M. , Korpi-Lagg A. , Michalik H. , Moreno Vacas A. , Orozco Suárez D. , Pérez-Grande I. , Sanchis Kilders E. , Schou J. , Schühle U. , Staub J. , Strecker H. , del Toro Iniesta J. C. , Volkmer R. , Woch J.
Published: June 2023

Aims.We use wavefront sensing to characterise the image quality of the High Resolution Telescope (HRT) of the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager (SO/PHI) data products during the second remote sensing window of the Solar Orbiter (SO) nominal mission phase. Our ultimate aims are to reconstruct the HRT data by deconvolving with the HRT point spread function (PSF) and to correct for the effects of optical aberrations on the data.

Methods.We use a pair of focused–defocused images to compute the wavefront error and derive the PSF of HRT by means of a phase diversity (PD) analysis.

Results.The wavefront error of HRT depends on the orbital distance of SO to the Sun. At distances > 0.5 au, the wavefront error is small, and stems dominantly from the inherent optical properties of HRT. At distances < 0.5 au, the thermo-optical effect of the Heat Rejection Entrance Window (HREW) becomes noticeable. We develop an interpolation scheme for the wavefront error that depends on the thermal variation of the HREW with the distance of SO to the Sun. We also introduce a new level of image reconstruction, termed ‘aberration correction’, which is designed to reduce the noise caused by image deconvolution while removing the aberrations caused by the HREW.

Conclusions.The computed PSF via phase diversity significantly reduces the degradation caused by the HREW in the near-perihelion HRT data. In addition, the aberration correction increases the noise by a factor of only 1.45 compared to the factor of 3 increase that results from the usual PD reconstructions.
The study of the environment ecological state from the position of its sustainable development
Authors: Ozerova Maria G. , Gavrilova Olga Yu. , Sharopatova Anastasia V.
Published: June 2023

The article deals with the issues of sustainable development, which means the balanced functioning of three components: the ecological component that characterizes the quality of the environment, the social component that determines the quality of life and the economic component that considers economic development. Due to the particular urgency of environmental issues an assessing the ecological state of the environment in the Krasnoyarsk Region is carried out using such indicators as the volume of polluting substance released per 1 km2 and per 1 person. It is noted that in 2020 the negative trend of the increasing atmospheric air pollution has intensified and this despite the fact that in this year the costs of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources are almost 92 percent higher. In order to address issues of improving environmental safety it is necessary first of all to improve the management system in the field of environmental protection and continue work on the implementation of the Climate Doctrine of the Russian Federation.
Chlorophyll fluorescence of wheat leaves when infected with Bipolaris sorokiniana
Authors: Gurova Tamara , Chesnochenko Natalia
Published: June 2023

For three spring wheat cultivars, characteristics of adaptive reaction to cereal root rot pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana Shoem. infection are found by laboratory experiments using chlorophyll fluorecence parameter (ChlF) dynamics of 10-16 day old seedlings. Such ChlF parameters as Y(II), ETR, qP, Fv / Fm, Fv / Fо, Y(NPQ), qN and Y(NQ) are verified as informative, being reliable biomarkers for photosynthetic apparatus level pre-symptom estimate of cultivar resistance to the pathogen. For more resistant cultivars Novosibirskaya 29 and Sibirskaya 21, the reaction to the pathogen invasion appeared to be less expressed compared to less resistant cultivar Novosibiskaya 41. More resistant cultivars have the smallest ChlF parameter changes compared to the control ones. Sixteen day old seedlings infected with B. sorokiniana showed the largest intercultivar differences. The photosynthetic activity level during adaptive reaction to B. sorokiniana pathogenesis can be used as stress resistance criterion for selection material to accelerate its sampling and to increase its effectiveness by early non-perspective sample rejection.
Quantitative and technological quality indicators of the new “Nasib” cotton variety
Authors: Boltabaev Khusnidin
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the results of the analysis of cotton weight per boll, yield, fiber output, fiber length and fiber quality of the newly created medium-fiber “Nasib” cotton variety, which is studied as the selection test. A three-year analysis of fiber microneur, hardness, length, uniformity, index of short fibers, elongation at break, soiling, defect count, reflectivity and yellowness is presented.
World practice of statistical evaluation food security of states
Authors: Pyzhikova Natalia , Goncharova Nina , Tarasova Olga
Published: June 2023

Food security is a problem of global importance, therefore, the methods and techniques for assessing it at the macroeconomic level are the most important components of the scientific study of the economies of countries. The paper provides a comparative analysis of aggregated indicators of food security in the Russian Federation with international established systems, assesses their advantages and disadvantages, as well as areas for improving the system in the Russian economy. Based on a statistical analysis of the global food security index covering 112 countries, generalizing conclusions are drawn about the importance of factors in the formation of food security at the present time, as well as about alarming trends in the world that require a timely solution at the level of a civilized world community.
Development and modeling of a resource-saving methanol recovery process diagram
Authors: Bayazitova Karina , Salimov Artem , Ponomarev Alexander , Shutov Nikolay , Vadulina Nadezhda
Published: June 2023

This article discusses the problem of hydrate formation in the development of gas fields. The authors describe the methanol recovery technology. The study examined and modeled the methanol regeneration unit in the medium of the UniSim program, justified the insufficient degree of regeneration according to the current scheme. The purpose of this article is to increase the degree of methanol regeneration at the complex gas treatment plant to reduce the concentration of methanol in industrial effluents and its reuse.
Placement of plow working bodies for plowing soil slopes
Authors: Mamatov Farmon , Rashidov Nurbek , Badalov Sunnat , Chorieva Dilsabo
Published: June 2023

The paper studies the direction turnover layers along slope and placement of working bodies on a plow for plowing slope fields. The diagrams of the turnover of layers on the slope and the layout of the working bodies on the plow are given. It is proved that intermittent grooves ridges, according to agro technical requirements, it is necessary to rotate the layers downhill. It was found that when installing a cut-out spherical disk behind the front cases, a groove is formed above the a is under it. The subsequent layer wrapped in an even body. At the same time, rainwater is sub-arable of soil, which prevents water erosion. The results of one-factor experiments using strain-measuring methods are presented. It has been established that to ensure complete turnover of the layers within their own furrow by the hulls and the formation of the required ridges and intermittent grooves longitudinal distance between and toe even-numbered body ploughshare should be at least 110 cm.
Roller-combing machine for preparation of combs
Authors: Kiyamov Asror , Khakimova Muabara , Ochilova Maftuna , Razzakov Tura , Begimkulov Fayzullo
Published: June 2023

In southern zone of cotton growing with insufficient moisture, one of the leading places is occupied by develop tools which simultaneously execute the technology trial of forming ridges and prepare them to display cotton. The purpose of research confirms design and the width gripper roller with elastic stems. Constructive scheme of the comb-maker with the roller-comb-makers is given. The proposed design scheme of the machine includes sequentially installed comb-makers and rollers-comb-makers. Analytic dependencies and mathematic patterns were obtained to define the width gripping roller of comb-forming machine. Theoretical and experimental studies have established that to ensure that the soil is prepared for sowing cotton on the ridges with minimum power consumption, width the gripping roller of the comb-forming machine should be at least 60 cm.
Development of a spectral setup for determining the sexual dimorphism of the bird embryo
Authors: Aleynikov Alexander , Osipenko Ivan , Cheshkova Anna
Published: June 2023

Humane culling of embryos before incubation and one-day-old chicks in the first days of incubation is the most important unsolved problem in the production of poultry products. A number of European countries have laws prohibiting the destruction of one-day-old male chicks and are developing restrictions to limit the destruction of live embryos in avian eggs after 6 days of incubation. A spectral setup for determining the sexual dimorphism of an embryo in a bird egg has been developed based on the MV1-D2048x1088-HS05-96-G2-10 hyperspectral camera with the possibility of illuminating the object of study with an adjustable radiation source. This installation has been tested for functionality. It has been established that the mass, area, volume and shape factor of the eggs do not correlate with the sex of the embryo of the egg before incubation. Informative wavelengths have been determined for further research to determine the sexual dimorphism of chicken egg embryos in the first days of their incubation: 640, 660 and 688 nm.
Implementation of circular economy technologies in the agricultural and industrial complex of the Russian Arctic
Authors: Buletova Natalia , Stepanova Ekaterina , Kulikova Natalia , Mohamed AlMoatassembellah Mostafa
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the results of the study of the content and capabilities of Circular Economy (CE), its technologies and tools that increase the economic and environmental efficiency of limited resources. The paper uses the example of the Russian Arctic and its agricultural and industrial complex, which has its own features, ranging from providing raw materials and the necessary semi-finished products, feed to the manufacturing industry for which agricultural products are the main source of raw materials. The authors present the key CE technologies allowing achieving a set of goals of Russian Arctic zone development. The comparison with international experience, namely that of Egypt, is of a particular importance. The main results obtained by the authors in the study include trend assessment in the development of the Russian Arctic and its land territories with agricultural and industrial complex based on reindeer herding as a traditional type of economic activity of the North indigenous peoples. Comparative analysis of sedentary and nomadic reindeer herding was carried out. A CE model was built using the example of agricultural enterprise "Smart Herd" and other participants in the agricultural and industrial complex, ensuring the transition from a linear business model to a cyclical one.
New types of flour confectionery products for preventive nutrition using Laminaria saccharina
Authors: Ivanova Galina , Kolman Olga , Glotova Marina , Nikulina Ekaterina , Evtukhova Olga
Published: June 2023

Over the years, more and more attention has been paid in the food industry to the development and production of functional products, which include biological value-enhancing components, one of which is laminaria powder. Flour confectionery is a widely used mass consumption product that has been in growing demand in recent years, but has a low nutritional value, and is an excellent basis for creating functional products. Research objects: Laminaria saccharina powder, flour confectionery with the addition of Laminaria saccharina powder. A technology for the production of flour confectionery products was developed - the «Black Pearl» cupcake (with the addition of Laminaria saccharina powder). The indicators of quality and safety of the developed flour confectionery products were investigated; normative and technical documentation for new flour confectionery products was developed. An analysis of the economic efficiency of introducing a new product into production was carried out.
Dependence of the xanthan exopolysaccharide synthesis on the composition of the nutritional medium
Authors: Krynitskaya Alla , Petukhova Elena , Kharina Maria , Kanarskaya Zosya , Kovalenko Svetlana
Published: June 2023

The possibility of changing the composition of the feed by replacing glucose with equivalent amounts of sucrose, starch, maltose was investigated. It was found that in the case of using sucrose, the kinematic viscosity of the culture liquid increased by more than 3 times. The replacement of ammonium sulphate in the composition of the nutrient medium with glycine, histidine and asparagine did not stimulate the growth of the producer and its synthesis of exopolysaccharide. At the same time, the replacement of citrate with fumarate made it possible to increase the concentration of biomass by 3 times and the kinematic viscosity of the samples by 8.5 times compared with the control. Based on the data obtained, it was proposed to optimize the composition of the nutrient medium by replacing citrate with fumarate and introducing sucrose-based feed instead of glucose. The study of the structural-dynamic state of EPS samples obtained during cultivation on an optimized nutrient medium using NMR relaxometry made it possible to detect a change in the xanthan structure.
Sorghum as a substitute for corn in poultry feed
Authors: Kurbonov Mirshod , Khaitov Rauf
Published: June 2023

The article substantiates the expediency of using sorghum grain (seeds) as a substitute for corn in feed for poultry. The aim of the study was to develop a recipe and technology for the preparation of compound feed of increased nutritional value for birds using sorghum grain subjected to IR - processing. Examples of its impact on grain quality and its biological value are considered. The physical principles of operation of this technology and the properties of the applied method are analyzed. It was found that protein digestibility and attack by its enzymes increased from 82.3 to 89.8%. The results of a comparative zootechnical assessment of the quality of feed without sorghum and with the replacement of 47.0% of corn with this raw material are presented. The economic efficiency from the use of the proposed composition of feed for chickens and the profitability of its production have been established.