bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Denigrating Taoism in the West: A typology of Late Qing Chinese scholars’ discourse in Western languages
Authors: Ciaudo Joseph
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this short article is to offer a typology of the speech acts deployed by Chinese scholars who wrote in Western languages in the late Qing era. By identifying passages dealing with Taoism in their writings, and classifying them into five types of arguments – 1) using the orthodox-heterodox dichotomy; 2) ignoring it; 3) presenting it as an already defeated rival to Confucianism; 4) describing it as a superstition; 5) claiming that it is a form of extremism – the present paper argues that the denigration of Taoism by these Chinese scholars writing in Western languages was profoundly affected by transcultural writing practices, and that in the end Taoism was often but a pawn in the intellectual and political projects of these intellectuals. It served as an awful counterpoint when one tried to project a positive light on Confucianism.
Species of Garra (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae) in the Salween River basin with description of an enigmatic new species from the Ataran River drainage of Thailand and Myanmar
Authors: TANGJITJAROEN WEERAPONGSE , RANDALL ZACHARY S. , TONGNUNUI SAMPAN , BOYD DAVID A. , PAGE LAWRENCE M.
Published: June 2023

Garra panitvongi, new species, is described from the Ataran River drainage, Salween River basin, of southeastern Myanmar and western Thailand. It is the sixth species of Garra known from the Salween River basin and is readily distinguished from all congeners by the red-orange color of the body and caudal fin, and a pointed proboscis with a blue stripe on each side from the anterior margin of the orbit to the tip of the proboscis and with the stripes forming a V-shape. Garra panitvongi is known in the aquarium trade as the Redtail Garra. Descriptive information is provided on poorly known species of Garra in the Salween River basin, and Garra nujiangensis is transferred to Ageneiogarra.
New records of Lasiocampidae (Lepidoptera) from Zanzibar Island with taxonomic notes and description of one new species of Odontopacha Aurivillius, 1909
Authors: PROZOROV ALEXEY M. , PROZOROVA TATIANA A. , SPITSYN VITALY M. , SPITSYNA ELIZAVETA A. , KONDAKOV ALEXANDER V. , SOBOLEVA ALENA A. , VOLKOVA JULIA S. , YAKOVLEV ROMAN V. , SALDAITIS AIDAS , SULAK HARALD E. , REVAY EDITA E. , MÜLLER GÜNTER C.
Published: June 2023

Seven genera and seven species of Lasiocampidae are newly recorded from the Zanzibar Island (Unguja): Bombycopsis C. & R. Felder, 1874 with Bombycopsis nigrovittata Aurivillius, 1927; Pallastica Zolotuhin & Gurkovich, 2009 with an unidentified species; Dollmania Tams, 1930 with an unidentified species; Mallocampa Aurivillius, 1902 with Mallocampa leighi Aurivillius, 1922; Eucraera Tams, 1930 with Eucraera witti Prozorov, 2016; Philotherma Möschler, 1887 with Philotherma montibia Strand, 1912; and Odontopacha Aurivillius, 1909 with Odontopacha fenestrata Aurivillius, 1909. The species are followed with taxonomic notes updating the status and distribution of the taxa. Bombycopsis nigrovittata is shown to have the maximum p-distance of 0.3% in cytochrome c oxidase I from Bombycopsis pallida Joannou & Krüger, 2009. Two specimens of Pallastica sp. from Zanzibar are different in wing coloration but identical genetically, both are 0.8–1.2% far from sequenced specimens collected in southern Malawi and eastern Zimbabwe and altogether 3.0–3.8% far from the Zambian and Malawian populations considered to be Pallastica pallens (Bethune-Baker, 1908). The barcoding revealed two distinct lineages of Dollmania in Tanzania with a p-distance of 3.5–3.7% between them, neither can be attributed to either Dollmania marwitzi (Strand, 1913) or Dollmania reussi (Strand, 1913) until the primary types or fresh topotypes are sequenced. The species Ph. montibia is taken out from the synonymy to Philotherma rosa (Druce, 1887) and is stated to be a bona species because of the difference in wing pattern and p-distance of 5.7–5.9%. A new species of the genus Odontopacha – Odontopacha dargei sp. n. – is described from southern Kenya and northern Tanzania where it occurs sympatrically with O. fenestrata. It differs from O. fenestrata by the paler coloration with the spotted external fascia on both wings and a p-distance of 3.04–3.65%. Lectotypes for D. marwitzi and Ph. montibia are established. Mallocampa leighi is recorded from Tanzania for the first time. Females of Chrysopsyche lutulenta Tams, 1923 earlier recorded from Zanzibar Island are figured and the species is recorded from DRC for the first time.
Mechanisms for Abrupt Summertime Circumpolar Surface Warming in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Wilson Earle A. , Bonan David B. , Thompson Andrew F. , Armstrong Natalie , Riser Stephen C.
Published: June 2023

In recent years, the Southern Ocean has experienced unprecedented surface warming and sea ice loss—a stark reversal of the sea ice expansion and surface cooling that prevailed over the preceding decades. Here, we examine the mechanisms that led to the abrupt circumpolar surface warming events that occurred in late 2016 and 2019 and assess the role of internal climate variability. A mixed layer heat budget analysis reveals that these recent circumpolar surface warming events were triggered by a weakening of the circumpolar westerlies, which decreased northward Ekman transport and accelerated the seasonal shoaling of the mixed layer. We emphasize the underappreciated effect of the latter mechanism, which played a dominant role and amplified the warming effect of air–sea heat fluxes during months of peak solar insolation. An examination of the CESM1 large ensemble demonstrates that these recent circumpolar warming events are consistent with the internal variability associated with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), whereby negative SAM in austral spring favors shallower mixed layers and anomalously high summertime SST. A key insight from this analysis is that the seasonal phasing of springtime mixed layer depth shoaling is an important contributor to summertime SST variability in the Southern Ocean. Thus, future Southern Ocean summertime SST extremes will depend on the coevolution of mixed layer depth and surface wind variability.

Significance Statement

This study examines how reductions in the strength of the circumpolar westerlies can produce abrupt and extreme surface warming across the Southern Ocean. A key insight is that the mixed layer temperature is most sensitive to surface wind perturbations in late austral spring, when the regional mixed layer depth and solar insolation approach their respective seasonal minimum and maximum. This heightened surface temperature response to surface wind variability was realized during the austral spring of 2016 and 2019, when a dramatic weakening of the circumpolar westerlies triggered unprecedented warming across the Southern Ocean. In both cases, the anomalously weak circumpolar winds reduced the northward Ekman transport of cool subpolar waters and caused the mixed layer to shoal more rapidly in the spring, with the latter mechanism being more dominant. Using results from an ensemble of coupled climate simulations, we demonstrate that the 2016 and 2019 Southern Ocean warming events are consistent with the internal variability associated with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). These results suggest that future Southern Ocean surface warming extremes will depend on both the evolution of regional mixed layer depths and interannual wind variability.
Firearm Assaults in Communities: The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Krzyzaniak Andrea , Carroll Alyssa N. , Rooney Alexandra S. , Calvo Richard Y. , Bansal Vishal , Sise Michael J.
Published: June 2023

Background

Firearm violence has increased nationwide, with recent surges linked to the COVID-19 pandemic. We measured traumatic assault trends at our urban Level I trauma center and assessed rates of firearm violence over time and pre/post local COVID-19 lockdown based on levels of socioeconomic disadvantage.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective review (2016-2022) of assault patients 16 years and older. Demographics and hospital outcomes were assessed by assault mechanism (firearm, knife, blunt). Patient address was correlated to Area Deprivation Index (ADI), a measure of socioeconomic disadvantage. COVID-19 lockdown onset was defined as initial date of lockdown (3/19/2020). Trend and time-series analyses compared all assault mechanisms and firearm-specific assaults pre/post-lockdown. Poisson regression assessed firearm assault risk.

Results

Of the 1583 total assaults, firearm patients (n = 335) were younger (median 29 years), had longer hospital stays (median 2 days), and greater mortality (12%) than other mechanisms. The 2 years post-lockdown had significantly more firearm assaults (27% vs 15% pre-lockdown, P < .001) and time-series analysis found this abrupt and significant increase in firearm assaults occurred at lockdown onset (P = .01). Also post-lockdown, the rate of firearm assaults increased by 10% for every unit increase in socioeconomic deprivation (P < .01). There was no change in assault type by race/ethnicity.

Discussion

Firearm assaults increased dramatically immediately post-COVID lockdown at our center and have maintained higher rates through 2022. Greater ADI was associated with increasing firearm assaults and has magnified post-lockdown, demonstrating lower socioeconomic groups are disproportionately and increasingly affected by firearm violence.
Laing and Rogers in London: An unfortunate meeting or something else?
Authors: Balbuena Rivera Francisco
Published: June 2023

Background:

In the summer of 1978 a large 1-day event was scheduled to take place in the Grand Ballroom at the Hilton Hotel in Park Lane, London between the psychotherapists Carl R. Rogers (1902–1987), and his associates, and Ronald D. Laing (1927–1989) and his group. From among all the eyewitness accounts of that meeting, I have found only the testimonies of Maureen O’Hara, Ian Cunningham, Charles Elliot, and Emmy van Deurzen. According to O’Hara, Laing behaved in a rude, impolite, and aggressive way toward his American colleague Rogers. For his part, Cunningham says that Rogers came over as he had expected: a genuinely nice, caring, humane person. Laing, though, was even more impressive in person than in his books. Similarly, Elliot observes that Laing and Rogers held a genuine encounter, one in which both sat like two real mutually respecting persons who asked each other questions, while the perspective of van Deurzen is more in line with that of O’Hara than that of Elliot.

Aims:

Taking into account the different versions given on the Laing-Rogers event, I will analyze whether this encounter was only an unfortunate meeting or something else.

Methods:

Narrative review; combining eyewitness accounts with the few sources found in the literature on this topic.

Results/conclusions:

As I will show here, all these accounts taken jointly paint a picture of Laing as a brilliant clinician and as a terrible man. Without exculpating Laing for committing all sorts of mischief, I will offer a tentative account of his behavior sustained by his own psychic dynamics. In doing so, I will attempt to explain why Laing reacted in so censurable a way, going beyond Thomas S. Szasz’s (1920–2012) condemnation in his essay on antipsychiatry, which gives credence only to O’Hara’s version without quoting more sources or posing more questions.
Prevalence of Prolonged Grief Disorder and Related Clinical Factors Among Turkish Psychiatric Outpatients During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yıldırım Yusuf Ezel
Published: June 2023

Prolonged grief disorder (PGD), a new diagnosis in some classification systems, has gained prominence due to the high mortality rates observed during the Covid-19 pandemic. Herein, the prevalence of PGD (diagnosed with structured clinical interviews), death-related features, and associated clinical factors were investigated among outpatient psychiatric patients who lost a first-degree relative within the past 12–24 months. PGD was diagnosed in 30/68 patients (44.1%). PGD development did not differ based on cause of death (Covid-19-related vs. other causes) but was associated with higher age of the bereaved, younger age of the deceased, and degree of kinship. Higher rates of depression, insomnia, and anxious attachment were also observed in PGD patients. Finally, the unexpectedness of death predicted the development of PGD. Due to the high prevalence of PGD among psychiatric patients, clinicians should be aware of the disorder, monitor grief processes in high-risk patients, and consider PGD in treatment planning.
Social disadvantage and trust in German police: Empirical evidence on procedural justice theory and context effects on perceived fairness in urban neighbourhoods
Authors: Hecker Meike
Published: June 2023

Current public debates about rising violence against police officers, and conversely, criticism of racial profiling by the police force, contradict the high levels of trust in the German police reported by public surveys. This raises the question of why the tension between the police and citizens arises. German Criminology has not yet exploited the potential of procedural justice theory to explain the shifting dynamics of trust. Empirical studies on how evaluations of police fairness and effectiveness influence police legitimacy in Germany have long been overdue. Additionally, there is minimal evidence of whether police fairness is experienced differently in different social contexts. Therefore, this study answers two pertinent research questions: (1) To what extent does trust in German police and police legitimacy depend on procedural fairness? (2) To what extent do residents in socially disadvantaged neighbourhoods have lower levels of trust in police fairness? Consistent with international research on procedural justice theory, the results reveal significant effects of normative predictors of trust in the police, such as perceived fairness and neighbourhood trust. Using advanced multilevel modelling, this study observes the effects of two contextual variables (welfare recipients and official crime rates) on neighbourhood levels of trust in police fairness. The results reveal that the impact of personal assessments of the neighbourhood, personal disadvantages, and experiences with the police exceeds neighbourhood context effects.
Influenza and Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccination Coverage During Pregnancy: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2020
Authors: Kortsmit Katherine , Oduyebo Titilope , Simeone Regina M. , Kahn Katherine E. , Razzaghi Hilda , Galang Romeo R. , Ellington Sascha , Ruffo Nan , Barfield Wanda D. , Warner Lee , Cox Shanna
Published: June 2023

Objectives:

Estimates of vaccination coverage during pregnancy and identification of disparities in vaccination coverage can inform vaccination campaigns and programs. We reported the prevalence of being offered or told to get the influenza vaccine by a health care provider (hereinafter, provider); influenza vaccination coverage during the 12 months before delivery; and tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination coverage during pregnancy among women with a recent live birth in the United States.

Methods:

We analyzed 2020 data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System from 42 US jurisdictions (n = 41 673). We estimated the overall prevalence of being offered or told to get the influenza vaccine by a provider and influenza vaccination coverage during the 12 months before delivery. We estimated Tdap vaccination coverage during pregnancy from 21 jurisdictions with available data (n = 22 020) by jurisdiction and select characteristics.

Results:

In 2020, 84.9% of women reported being offered or told to get the influenza vaccine, and 60.9% received it, ranging from 35.0% in Puerto Rico to 79.7% in Massachusetts. Influenza vaccination coverage was lower among women who were not offered or told to get the influenza vaccine (21.4%) than among women who were offered or told to get the vaccine (68.1%). Overall, 72.7% of women received the Tdap vaccine, ranging from 52.8% in Mississippi to 86.7% in New Hampshire. Influenza and Tdap vaccination coverage varied by all characteristics examined.

Conclusions:

These results can inform vaccination programs and strategies to address disparities in vaccination coverage during pregnancy and may inform vaccination efforts for other infectious diseases among pregnant women.
Understanding the Factors Affecting Travel Avoidance behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From a Mixed Method Approach
Authors: Agag Gomaa , Abdelmoety Ziad Hassan , Eid Riyad
Published: June 2023

Pandemics are affecting tourism in many ways, and have had a major effect on international travel, the hospitality industry and tourism demand. Grounded in the protective action decision model and complexity theory, this study seeks to develop a model to explain the conditions that have led to travel avoidance in the UK in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. To test our proposed model, we used a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis of data gathered from 1,290 travelers, with semi-structured interviews conducted to confirm the configurations identified by the model. The findings indicate that effective pandemic information, effective risk communication, supplies, trust in government and trust in the media are necessary to combat travel avoidance, but the refutation of rumor and trust among traveler is not necessary to foster travel avoidance. Furthermore, qualitative follow-up interviews were conducted to obtain deeper insights into the discovered configurations and develop effective pathways to travel avoidance.
Self-Control and Delinquency in China: Examining the Mediating Role of Thoughtfully Reflective Decision Making
Authors: Wang Xia , Gricius Matthew , Zhang Wenrui
Published: June 2023

Since Gottfredson and Hirschi proposed the general theory of crime, the direct link between self-control and delinquency has gained strong empirical support. The indirect link, however, remains understudied. Meanwhile, although Gottfredson and Hirschi argued that self-control theory can be applied in all cultural contexts, its generalizability needs to be tested under different circumstances. This study addressed these gaps by assessing the relationship between self-control and delinquency in China and introducing thoughtfully reflective decision making (TRDM) as the mediator of this relationship. Using self-reported data from the city of Changzhi, China, this study finds that (a) self-control is closely related to TRDM, (b) low self-control is significantly related to general and property delinquency for those with low morality, and (c) TRDM mediates the relationship between low self-control and delinquency for those with low morality. We discuss these findings and their implications for theory, research, and policy.
Thinking About Reasons for One’s Choices Increases Sensitivity to Moral Norms in Moral-Dilemma Judgments
Authors: Ng Nyx L. , Luke Dillon M. , Gawronski Bertram
Published: June 2023

Whereas norm-conforming (deontological) judgments have been claimed to be rooted in automatic emotional responses, outcome-maximizing (utilitarian) judgments are assumed to require reflective reasoning. Using the CNI model to disentangle factors underlying moral-dilemma judgments, the current research investigated effects of thinking about reasons on sensitivity to consequences, sensitivity to moral norms, and general action preferences. Three experiments (two preregistered) found that thinking about reasons (vs. responding intuitively or thinking about intuitions) reliably increased sensitivity to moral norms independent of processing time. Thinking about reasons had no reproducible effects on sensitivity to consequences and general action preferences. The results suggest that norm-conforming responses in moral dilemmas can arise from reflective thoughts about reasons, challenging the modal view on the role of cognitive reflection in moral-dilemma judgment. The findings highlight the importance of distinguishing between degree (high vs. low elaboration) and content (intuitions vs. reasons) as distinct aspects of cognitive reflection.
Twenty-Five Years of Research in the Journal of Special Education Technology: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Sinha Deblina Bhattacharjee , Sinha Satyajit , G S Anu , Islam Md Tariqul , Sahoo Debasis
Published: June 2023

The Journal of Special Educational Technology (JOSET) has been a leading journal in the domain of technology application in special education since 1978 (Journal Searches, 2023; Resurchify, 2022; SCI Journal, 2023; Scopus, 2022). In this bibliometric study, we examined JOSET’s growth, publication trends, contributions, and international collaborations using descriptive, intellectual, conceptual, and social structure analyses. Documents (i.e., articles, editorials, errata, letters, and notes) published in JOSET from 1996 to 2021 were retrieved from the Scopus database and analysed using Biblioshiny embedded in R studio. Co-citation and co-word analyses identified five and two clusters, respectively. The analysis of the collaboration structure in JOSET reveals a positive relationship among authors, with over 75% of publications resulting from collaboration. The results further suggest that the journal continues to keep pace with global trends and contemporary issues, which can enhance its impact and readership and drive the growth of its annual publication number.
Innovation through anachronism: The Pony Express, media, and American modernities
Authors: Corfield Christina
Published: June 2023

Historically, the relationship between innovation and technology has formed an important element of Euro-American identity. However, such a view ignores older or alternative media forms and practices, contributing to a conception of modernity as future-oriented, obscuring the importance of transitional moments during which the value and meaning of new media develop and new senses of community identity can be defined. As we live through a transitional moment with new forms of technological media emerging in shortening cycles of time and with American identity in conflict and flux, re-assessing the relationship between innovation, technological media, and modernity is urgent. The mid-19th century likewise was a time of social, technological, and cultural change. Following a media archeological method, I focus on a messaging system from the 19th century, the Pony Express, which was in operation for only 18 months, but became a media phenomenon whose imaginative influence lasted into the 21st century. The Pony Express’s success as a messenger demonstrates how an anachronistic communications system solved a problem of American modernization – the need for networked connection across long distances – and shows how such a system provided imaginative and iconographic frameworks for maintaining a sense of American identity at a time of change.
Scientometric review of Web 3.0
Authors: Kukreja Dhaval , Gupta Shikha , Patel Dheeraj , Rai J N
Published: June 2023

Web 3.0 is a next-generation web architecture that envisions a more decentralised, secure and intelligent Internet. Its implications are vast and could potentially impact various research areas, such as e-commerce, social networking, finance, healthcare and education. It can be seen as a confluence of various technological advancements, including blockchain, artificial intelligence, semantic web and decentralised web technologies, which continue to attract substantial research interest in several dimensions and categories throughout the last few decades. A detailed scientometric analysis was undertaken to obtain concise understanding on development and publication trends of this multi-dimensional field. Corpus of 1154 articles, extracted from Web of Science from 2002 to 2022, were used to identify networks of co-authorship, keywords, subject categories, institutions and countries engaged in publishing on Web 3.0 along with co-citation and cluster analysis. Networks and interactive visualisations created using CiteSpace revealed new research areas where Web 3.0 may be beneficial and potential directions of development for Web 3.0 discipline. We identify Journalism 3.0, Personal Data Stores (PDS), Decentralised File Storages (DFS) and Metaverse as emerging domains Web 3.0 research, seeking overwhelming research attention globally.
Up, Up, and Away: Individual Differences in Imaginative Involvement and Magical Beliefs Relate to Perceiving and Desiring Supernatural Powers
Authors: Webster Russell J. , Saucier Donald A.
Published: June 2023

Human beings have relished the idea of possessing supernatural/superhuman powers for millennia. However, do some people desire such powers more than others based on specific individual differences and characteristics? We examined how individual differences in imaginative involvement (fantasy proneness, absorption) and magical beliefs (superstitiousness and religiousness) uniquely related to desire for 12 supernatural powers (final N = 143); participants also rated the supernaturalness of each power and how much they believed humans possess/will possess each power. These individual differences, as predicted, consistently correlated with the desire for supernatural powers and the belief that humans may possess these powers in the future. After controlling for sci-fi and fantasy narrative consumption, only absorption and superstitiousness (chance subscale) uniquely related to desire for supernatural powers; and only absorption uniquely predicted the belief that humans do/would possess these powers. Ultimately, there are important individual differences in desire and perception of supernatural powers.
Apatinib successfully administered in malignant tumour patients with severe hypotension: a case series, literature review, and considerations for treatment
Authors: Chen Haiming , Liu Xinfu , He Minhong , Gu Weiguang , Lu Yiyu
Published: June 2023

The most notable side-effect of apatinib, a novel antiangiogenic agent for the treatment of cancer, is hypertension, but there are few published studies regarding the use of apatinib to treat patients with cancer and severe hypotension. Here, the cases of three patients with tumours and severe hypotension are described: case 1, a 73-year-old male patient with lung squamous cell carcinoma who initially received radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and developed pneumonia and severe hypotension after 6 months; case 2, a 56-year-old male patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who was treated with chemotherapy and presented with fever and persistent hypotension; and case 3, a 77-year-old male patient with oesophageal cancer who was admitted with deglutition difficulty and severe hypotension. Apatinib was added to the treatment regimen of all three patients for antitumor therapy. Pneumonia, tumour progression, and severe hypotension improved noticeably in all patients within 1 month after receiving apatinib. Apatinib was associated with a positive effect on blood pressure stability, in synergy with other means of therapy, and the patients achieved satisfactory short-term clinical results. The role of apatinib in treating patients with cancer and hypotension merits further investigation.
Classification and management of sexual dysfunctions in multiple sclerosis patients: A review of current literature
Authors: Campetella Marco , Marino Filippo , Gavi Filippo , Gandi Carlo , Ragonese Mauro , Coluzzi Simone , Racioppi Marco , Sacco Emilio , Bientinesi Riccardo
Published: June 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent neurological disease in young adults, with the greatest incidence between age of 30 and 35 years. Sexual dysfunctions (SDs) are frequent, but are often underestimated in patients with MS, and can have a significantly high impact on patient’s quality of life. Aim of this review is to summarize sexual dysfunctions in male and female MS patients and to illustrate current and emerging therapeutic options for treatment.
Examining the Association Between Financial Education and Financial Risk Tolerance
Authors: Tharayil Ashley
Published: June 2023

An individual’s financial risk tolerance (FRT) has an important role in their financial decisions. Hence, it is a recent topic of interest. Research shows a strong relationship between financial literacy and risk aversion. Little research, however, has been done investigating the correlation between financial education and FRT. In this paper, it is proposed that financial education and FRT may be positively correlated. Since risk preferences are an innate characteristic and can also be motivated by personal and psychological attributes, the relationship between financial education and FRT may not be causal. Results obtained from analyzing data from the 2021 NFCS dataset through multivariate analysis show that financial education courses are positively correlated with reporting higher measures of financial risk tolerance for college educated individuals and for financially low literate individuals who have not attended college. These results hold even after controlling for financial literacy and a myriad of other background variables.

JEL Codes: D14, G00, D81, A20
Get the win–win: Sustainable circular model of ‘generation-value-technology’ of industrial solid waste management
Authors: Gao Ming , Chen Yufan
Published: June 2023

The management of industrial solid waste (ISW) and promoting sustainable circular development of the industrial economy is an urgent priority today. Therefore, this article constructs a sustainable circular model of ‘generation-value-technology’ of ISW management through the lens of industrial added value (IAV) and technology level. Also, the importance of the role of government is considered in the model. Based on actual data of China, this article simulates the future trend of the model using a system dynamics approach. The chief findings of the study are as follows: (1) under the current policy, China’s future industrialization is increasing and the technological level of industrial enterprises is rising, but this is accompanied by a climb in ISW generation. (2) The win–win situation of ISW decrease and IAV increase can be achieved through enhanced information disclosure, technology innovation and government incentives. (3) Government subsidy should be oriented towards supporting technology innovation in industrial enterprises while reducing the proportion of incentives for ISW management results. Based on the results, this study proposes targeted policy implications for government and industrial enterprises.
French Study of Multidimensional Test Anxiety Scale in Relation to Performance, Age, and Gender
Authors: Fenouillet Fabien , Prokofieva Victoria , Lorant Sonia , Masson Julien , Putwain David W.
Published: June 2023

In the absence of a contemporaneous measure, the present study aimed to validate a French language translation of the Multidimensional Test Anxiety Scale (MTAS). In addition, measurement invariance was tested for gender and age. The participants were 520 secondary school students aged 11–16 years. A four-factor model of the MTAS showed a good fit to the data, good internal consistency, and the expected relations with trait anxiety and fear of assessment (positive), and examination performance (negative). Scalar invariance was shown for gender and age. Female students reported higher test anxiety scores. Older students reported higher scores on just one MTAS factor (cognitive interference); remaining factors were stable with age. The translated measure will greatly assist researchers and practitioners in the assessment of test anxiety in French language populations.
The impact of physician leadership development on behaviour and work-related changes
Authors: Sakelaris Vania , Sullivan Erin E. , Harris Devin
Published: June 2023

In this article, we present findings from a retrospective survey of 117 physician leadership development program graduates at the Sauder School of Business at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. The survey was designed to assess how the program contributed to graduates’ leadership development, specifically in terms of behaviour change and work-related changes. The themes resulting from the analysis of the open-ended questions reflected that the program led to changes in graduates’ leadership behaviour and their ability to lead change in their respective organizations. The study highlighted the benefits of investment in training for physician leaders to advance transformation and improvement initiatives in a changing world.
Recent Economic Intimate Partner Violence and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Sample of U.S. Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Willie Tiara C. , Alexander Kamila A. , Sharpless Laurel , Zemlak Jessica L. , Smith Megan V. , Kershaw Trace S.
Published: June 2023

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent consequence of physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV); however, little is known about the unique contributions of economic IPV. Furthermore, women’s economic self-sufficiency may explicate the potential relationship between economic IPV and PTSD symptoms. Guided by the Stress Process Theory and Intersectionality, this study examined associations between economic IPV and women’s PTSD symptoms and assessed economic self-sufficiency as a mediator. Participants were 255 adult women experiencing IPV recruited from metropolitan Baltimore, MD, and the state of CT who participated in two different studies. Participants completed surveys on IPV, economic self-sufficiency, and PTSD. Path analyses were conducted to examine direct and indirect associations of economic IPV with economic self-sufficiency and PTSD. Economic IPV was uniquely associated with PTSD symptoms while controlling for other forms of IPV. Economic self-sufficiency significantly partially mediated the association between economic IPV and PTSD symptoms such that economic IPV was associated with PTSD symptoms through economic self-sufficiency. Economic IPV may limit women’s ability to make autonomous decisions related to finances, which could be distressing. The mental health impact of economic IPV may be particularly debilitating for women with low economic self-sufficiency as their posttraumatic stress occurs within the context of feeling unable to meet their financial goals and also having a partner control their economic resources. Fostering economic empowerment and asset building may be a strengths-based approach to reduce the PTSD symptomatology among women experiencing IPV.
Experiences of Technology-Facilitated Abuse Among Sexual and Gender Minorities
Authors: Vogler Stefan , Kappel Rachel , Mumford Elizabeth
Published: June 2023

Technology-facilitated abuse (TFA) against sexual and gender minority (SGM) adults is a serious though understudied issue. Few studies have examined the types, extent, and perpetrators of TFA against SGMs, and those that have analyzed any of these phenomena have mostly done so with samples of youths. This article offers results of a nationally representative survey on experiences of TFA among a sample of 2,752 U.S. adults aged 18 to 35 years, including 504 SGMs. The prevalence and types of TFA against SGMs were examined using a 27-item inventory capturing six general types of TFA, including surveillance, cyber-interference/communications, reputational harm, monitoring/tracking, fraud, and controlling/limiting access. Respondents could also indicate their relationship to the perpetrator. Results revealed significant differences in the prevalence, types, and perpetrators of TFA against SMGs (compared to non-SGMs), such that SGMs experienced greater levels of TFA victimization, were more likely to be victimized by perpetrators who were not intimate or ex-intimate partners, and were more likely to experience all forms of TFA, except for monitoring/tracking. No significant differences were found for general experiences of TFA victimization between cisgender and non-cisgender individuals or between sexual minority males and sexual minority females. Results thus show that although SGMs and non-SGMs experience similar types of TFA, SGMs experience TFA at higher rates. These findings provide a vital foundation for future work on TFA victimization among SGMs and offer insights for policy and practice, particularly for practitioners and clinicians working with SGMs. Findings indicate a potential need for greater access to health care, victim services, technological support, and legal aid for SGMs due to their increased risk of TFA victimization.
Administering a Soda Beverage With the Hepatitis C Treatment Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir and the Proton-Pump Inhibitor Pantoprazole: A Case Report
Authors: Stark Jennifer E. , Montgomery Clarice M.
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The manufacturer of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir recommends avoiding coadministration with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) due to decreased velpatasvir serum concentrations which could translate to an increased risk of HCV treatment failure. A recent open-label study in healthy adults reported overcoming this interaction through co-administration of velpatasvir and a PPI with soda, but there is no clinical outcome data in HCV-infected patients. Summary: A 64 year-old male with a past medical history significant for decompensated cirrhosis, chronic HCV infection, upper gastrointestinal bleed, anemia, esophagitis, and previous HCV treatment failures required HCV treatment. The patient’s medications included a PPI but no other significant DDI were present. The patient was instructed to take one sofosbuvir/velpatasvir tablet, soda, and pantoprazole 40 mg tablet at the same time once daily. Treatment was well tolerated, and clinical cure of HCV was achieved. Conclusion: Scenarios may arise during HCV treatment that necessitate coadministration of a PPI. Interfering with optimal absorption of HCV treatment could lead to development of resistance or treatment failure. Future studies should include this strategy for overcoming this common DDI. This case demonstrates sofosbuvir/velpatasvir administered orally with soda and a PPI is potentially safe and effective for treatment of chronic HCV infection.
How Moral Goodness Drives Unethical Behavior: Empirical Evidence for the NGO Halo Effect
Authors: de Bruin Cardoso Isabel , Russell Allison R. , Kaptein Muel , Meijs Lucas
Published: June 2023

With the occurrence of high-profile scandals in the nongovernmental organization (NGO) sector, scholars and practitioners alike have questioned why “good” organizations behave badly, yet little empirical research has explored this topic in depth. The present study examines the NGO halo effect, a conceptual framework that proposes three mechanisms to explain how NGO moral goodness can lead to NGO unethical behavior, that is, moral justification, moral superiority, and moral naivety. Through an analysis of 34 interviews with NGO staff and volunteers, we identify 151 unique cases and 17 different types of unethical behavior. We find that 92% of these cases are related to the halo effect, with 22% through moral justification, 25% through moral superiority, and 45% through moral naivety. This study provides empirical support for the NGO halo effect as a factor for understanding NGOs’ unethical behavior, with implications for future research.
A cooperative car-following control model combining deep optical flow estimation and deep reinforcement learning for hybrid electric vehicles
Authors: Zhou Jianhao , Chang Jiaqing , Guo Aijun , Zhao Wanzhong , Wang Jie
Published: June 2023

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) based car-following control (CFC) models are widely applied in the longitudinal motion control tasks of automated vehicles by self-learning for the optimal control policy. However, DRL algorithms easily produce unsafe commands and have low robustness, especially in complex car-following scenarios. To improve the DRL-based CFC model, this paper combines the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) based CFC model with the deep optical flow estimation (DOFE) based CFC model that can overcome the shortcomings of DDPG-based one which is denoted as cooperative car-following model (DDPGoF). The DDPG-based CFC model utilizes prioritized experience replay which can intrinsically accelerate the learning speed. Meanwhile, the proposed DOFE-based CFC model employs the recurrent all-pairs field transforms algorithm (RAFT) and EfficientNet to perceive the motion variation of the surrounding vehicles, motorcycles, etc. The real vehicle driving data sets are applied to calibrate and validate the proposed DDPGoF-based CFC model while several assessment criteria are established to evaluate its overall performance. As a result, the DDPGoF-based CFC model is superior to DDPG-based one in avoiding crashes, improving car-following stability, riding comfort, and fuel economy of HEV.
Impact of energy policies on residential low-carbon behaviors by considering Place attachment: Evidence from China
Authors: Lin Alin , Lou Jiankun , Zeng Erli , Li Dongze , Zheng Liqun
Published: June 2023

Human activities are the primary source of energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Adopting low-carbon behaviors (LCBs) can effectively reduce carbon emissions, which in turn helps alleviate environmental problems. Previous research shows that low-carbon policies can promote LCBs, while an extensive understanding of the effects of multi-types of low-carbon policies on various LCBs needs to be verified. Analyses on influencing factors regarding LCBs are dominated before, and place attachment and low-carbon behavioral intention as the influencing factors of LCBs, their relationship with low-carbon policy and LCBs needs to be clarified. By taking a questionnaire survey of residents of Hangzhou, China, this study presents a conceptual framework capable of analyzing the relationship between three types of low-carbon policies, including information policy, economic policy, and administrative regulations, and two types of LCBs, including low-carbon consumption (LCCB) and travel (LCTB) behavior, considering the mediation effect of place attachment and low-carbon behavioral intention in a single structural equation model. The results illustrate that administrative regulations and information policy have a direct positive impact on LCCB, and information policy has the most significant influence. Economic policy and administrative regulations directly impact LCTB, and administrative regulations have the most significant influence. The influence of administrative regulations on LCTB is more excellent than on LCCB. Information policy indirectly affects two types of LCBs through the chain mediation effect of place attachment and low-carbon behavioral intention. The results should be helpful to low-carbon policymakers seeking to promote LCBs to consider the importance of place attachment and various low-carbon policies. Moreover, they enrich our understanding of the influencing mechanism of LCBs.
On knowledge in action
Authors: Ferretti Gabriele , Zipoli Caiani Silvano
Published: June 2023

What mental states guide the execution of our actions? It is generally agreed that the execution of an action is guided by the relevant knowledge state concerning how to perform that action. However, not all agree on which mental states underlie such a knowledge. Some suggest that knowing how to perform an action has mainly to do with the propositional representation about the way to execute that action. Those opposing this view stress the role of the motor, non-propositional representation as the mental state responsible for action performance. The aim of this article is to overcome this dichotomy by showing that an explanation of the cognitive processes underlying knowing how to perform an action needs both propositional and motor states. We defend this view by providing an account of the way in which our propositional knowledge about an action is constituted by the motor representation that guides the execution of that action.
Beyond density: Improving European trade unions’ representativeness through gender quotas
Authors: Rego Raquel , Espírito-Santo Ana
Published: June 2023

Trade unions’ legitimacy is rooted in membership, since unions result from the organization of workers who found they were stronger through a collective voice. Accordingly, union representativeness has been assessed primarily through ‘density’ – the ratio of union members to the total workforce. We argue that density is crucial but insufficient. First, the decline in trade union membership jeopardizes internal legitimacy; second, unions have developed external legitimacy when acting beyond their members. Inspired by the multifaceted concept of ‘political representation’, we suggest a fairer approach which adds the composition of unions’ boards – beginning with gender – to density whenever unions act on behalf of all workers. Specifically, we contend that trade unions willing to take part in the European negotiations should adopt gender quotas on their boards. This approach is likely to stimulate equality in the labour market, while contributing to unions’ revitalization, thus fostering the quality of democratic institutions.
Diatom-based paleoproductivity and climate change record of the Gulf of Tehuantepec (Eastern Tropical Pacific) during the last ~500 years
Authors: Almaraz-Ruiz Laura , Machain-Castillo María Luisa , Sifeddine Abdelfettah , Ruiz-Fernández Ana Carolina , Sanchez-Cabeza Joan-Albert , Rodríguez-Ramírez Alejandro , López-Mendoza Perla Guadalupe , Mendez-Millan Mercedes , Caquineau Sandrine
Published: June 2023

Changes in marine productivity of the last five centuries in the Gulf of Tehuantepec were investigated using a high-resolution record of diatoms, organic carbon (Corg), total nitrogen (TN), Ni/Al, and Cu/Al. The laminated sediments were dated by using 210Pb and 14C, with a bayesian age model providing a new Δ R = 247 ± 30 years for the bulk sediment. The Little Ice Age (LIA) (~1500 to ~1858 CE) was characterized by the predominance of cold-water and high productivity diatoms ( Chaetoceros spores, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Lioloma pacificum, Thalassiosira nanolineata, and Rhizossolenia setigera) and high values of geochemical productivity proxies. A transition period (~1860 to ~1919 CE) toward warmer conditions related to the end of the LIA and the beginning of the Current Warm Period (CWP), was indicated by the appearance of warm-water diatoms ( Neodelphineis pelagica, Thalassiosira tenera, and Rhizossolenia bergonii), as well as lower values of Corg, TN, Ni/Al, and Cu/Al. The most recent period of the CWP (~1920 CE to today) was characterized by the increased abundance warm-water taxa ( N. pelagica, Cymatodiscus planetophorus, T. tenera, Plagiogramma minus, Nitzschia interruptestriata, and R. bergonii), and by the prevalence of low values of Corg, TN, Ni/Al, and Cu/Al. These changes in productivity during the LIA and CWP were likely driven by changes in solar irradiance and the migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. This study highlights the spatial extent of the LIA in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific and contributes to the knowledge of the productivity response to climate in tropical regions.