bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Αναπαράσταση της Εκπαίδευσης με Μεθερμηνεία των Δεδομένων της Κρίσης Αξιών: Εννοιολόγηση των Δομών της Εκπαίδευσης από Νέους - Νέες στον Πολιτικό Χώρο της 'Χρυσής Αυγής'
Authors: Καλεράντε Ευαγγελία
Published: July 2017

Στην έρευνα μας διερευνώνται οι απόψεις φοιτητών-φοιτητριών Παιδαγωγικών και Καθηγητικών Σχολών,  που πρόσκεινται στη «Χρυσή Αυγή», αναφορικά με την εκπαίδευση. Πρόκειται για ένα τμήμα έρευνας που αποσπάται από μια συνολική διερεύνηση για ζητήματα εκπαίδευσης στον ακροδεξιό χώρο και ειδικότερα στο κοινοβουλευτικό κόμμα της «Χρυσής Αυγής».Με ημι-δομημένες συνεντεύξεις αναζητήσαμε τις εκπαιδευτικές θέσεις  μελών της «Χρυσής Αυγής» για τη δομή και το περιεχόμενο της εκπαίδευσης. Εστιάζουμε στην ανάδυση του σύνθετου εκπαιδευτικού περιβάλλοντος, που απαρτίζεται από συστήματα, φορείς, νομοθεσία και εκπαιδευτική πράξη, όπως ερμηνεύεται από τους ίδιους. Η επιλογή του δείγματος μας έδωσε τη δυνατότητα να εξετάσουμε το πολιτικό και κοινωνικό περιεχόμενο που σχηματοποιούν για  την εκπαίδευση και ιδιαίτερα για ζητήματα, όπως η αυτοπραγμάτωση των ατόμων μέσω της εκπαίδευσης, η εκπαίδευση ως κοινωνική διευθέτηση, οι δομές  ευκαιρίας, η αναπαραγωγή των κοινωνικών τάξεων και η κοινωνική κινητικότητα. Αξιολογήσαμε τις απόψεις για θέματα παιδείας συνδυαστικά με τις θέσεις για την πολιτική κατάσταση συνυφασμένη με την νοηματοδότηση της κρίσης.  Η εμπειρία του δείγματος από το χώρο της εκπαίδευσης- συνδυαστικά με την ένταξη τους στην κατηγορία νέος-νέα και η ενεργή δράση τους στον πολιτικό χώρο της άκρας δεξιάς- ενεργοποίησαν, μέσα από το γλωσσικό κώδικα, την εκτύλιξη των διαμορφούμενων πεποιθήσεων της σύνθετης «αλήθειας» τους, που τελικά απενοχοποιεί και την ίδια την ένταξη τους  στο ακραίο δεξιό μόρφωμα.
Η Εξέλιξη των Συνθηκών Εργασίας στην Ευρώπη: Οι Συνθήκες Εργασίας ως Αντικείμενο Έρευνας και Κοινωνικής Διαπραγμάτευσης
Authors: Πετράκη Γεωργία
Published: July 2017

Οι «συνθήκες εργασίας» ως ερευνητικό πεδίο αλλά και πεδίο δημόσιας παρέμβασης θεματοποιείται κυρίως από τη δεκαετία του 1960 στις μεγάλες βιομηχανικές χώρες και σήμερα συνιστά διεπιστημονική περιοχή δημόσιου και ακαδημαϊκού ενδιαφέροντος. Η στενή προσέγγιση των συνθηκών εργασίας, (συνθήκες υγιεινής και ασφάλειας) διευρύνθηκε σταδιακά με θεματικές που αφορούν τη ποιότητα του περιεχομένου της εργασίας και των σχέσεων στην εργασία, κάτω από τη πίεση ποιοτικών προσδοκιών για την εργασία- που τροφοδότησαν τις δημόσιες πολιτικές κατά τη περίοδο της πλήρους απασχόλησης  ενώ κατά τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες και με το πρόβλημα της ανεργίας κυρίαρχο, οι μετασχηματισμοί των παραγωγικών συστημάτων και τα προβλήματα που δημιουργούν, θέτουν στη δημόσια θέαση και τροφοδοτούν τη δημόσια συζήτηση γύρω από την προβληματικότητα  των σύγχρονων χώρων εργασίας. Από τα 15 κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ η Ελλάδα μόνη δεν διαθέτει καμία έρευνα μεγάλης έκτασης για τις συνθήκες εργασίας ενώ ούτε και  οι συνδικαλιστικές οργανώσεις έχουν δείξει ενδιαφέρον να αναπτύξουν την έρευνα στους χώρους εργασίας. Η παρούσα εργασία επιδιώκει να διερευνήσει το πεδίο και να αναδείξει την ανάγκη δημόσιας γνώσης και κατανόησης του τι γίνεται στους χώρους εργασίας. Την ανάγκη συστηματικής έρευνας που θα τροφοδοτήσει τις κοινωνικές διεργασίες και τη κατάστρωση δημόσιων κοινωνικών πολιτικών.
Το Δικαίωμα στην Πόλη: η Χωρική Προσέγγιση Ζητημάτων Κοινωνικής Πολιτικής μέσα από το Παράδειγμα του Δήμου Αγίας Βαρβάρας
Authors: Κοφινά Σταυρούλα
Published: July 2017

Ο χώρος είναι μια παραμελημένη διάσταση στην κοινωνική πολιτική, παρόλο που μεγάλο μέρος  της παραγωγής, κατανομής και διαχείρισης αστικών πόρων - υγεία, εκπαίδευση, απασχόληση, κοινωνική φροντίδα - αποτελούν βασικό πεδίο δράσης της. Ωστόσο οι μεταβολές που συντελούνται στο παραδοσιακό κράτος πρόνοιας, αναδεικνύουν την χωρική διάσταση κυρίως στις πολιτικές για την αντιμετώπιση του κοινωνικού αποκλεισμού. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, συσχετίζεται η κατοίκιση στο χώρο με την πρόσβαση ή τον αποκλεισμό από αστικούς πόρους, ευκαιρίες, προνόμια και δικαιώματα και αναδεικνύονται οι κοινωνικές ανισότητες και διαιρέσεις της αστικής οργάνωσης, στις χωρικές συγκεντρώσεις της φτώχειας και του πλούτου. Στην παρούσα έρευνα, μελετάται η επίδραση του χωρικού παράγοντα στην παραγωγή διαχωρισμών και ανισοτήτων μέσα από το παράδειγμα της πόλης της Αγίας Βαρβάρας. Μελετώνται οι επιπτώσεις που ασκεί η κατοίκιση στην ποιότητα διαβίωσης, στην πρόσβαση σε αστικούς πόρους και στην πολιτική και κοινωνική συμμετοχή σε μία πόλη, θύλακα φτώχειας και ανεργίας, που βιώνει διαχρονικά τον εδαφικό στιγματισμό, λόγω της πολυπολιτισμικής της σύνθεσης, καθώς ενσωματώνει μια από τις μεγαλύτερες κοινότητες Ρομά στην Ελλάδα.
Winlow, S. and Hall, S. (2013), Rethinking Social Exclusion: The End of the Social?, Sage, London.
Authors: Φερώνας Ανδρέας
Published: July 2017

Μη διαθέσιμη Περίληψη
Active Labour Market Policies in Greece: Challenges and responses during the economic crisis
Authors: Galata Paraskevi - Viviane , Chrysakis Manolis
Published: July 2017

Οι επιπτώσεις της ύφεσης στην Ελλάδα και τα μέτρα λιτότητας που προωθούνται στο πλαίσιο των Προγραμμάτων Οικονομικής Προσαρμογής είχαν καταστροφικό αντίκτυπο στην αγορά εργασίας. Παρά το γεγονός ότι εισάχθηκαν αρκετές μεταρρυθμίσεις στην αγορά εργασίας και την κοινωνική προστασία, υπάρχουν αμφιβολίες κατά πόσον οι λύσεις που υιοθετήθηκαν υπήρξαν αποτελεσματικές μέχρι στιγμής για την άμβλυνση των επιπτώσεων της κρίσης. Η παρούσα εργασία αποβλέπει να διερευνήσει το ρόλο των ενεργητικών πολιτικών αγοράς εργασίας στην Ελλάδα κατά τη διάρκεια της οικονομικής κρίσης και τις αναγκαίες προϋποθέσεις για την ενίσχυση της συμβολής τους στη μείωση των κοινωνικών επιπτώσεων της κρίσης. Τα ευρήματα από την ανάλυση της βιβλιογραφίας δείχνουν ότι υπάρχουν αρκετές προκλήσεις για την προώθηση ενεργητικών πολιτικών αγοράς εργασίας, ιδιαίτερα σε περίοδο ύφεσης, υπό την προϋπόθεση ότι δεν θα υποκαταστήσουν τις θεμελιώδεις εγγυήσεις της αναπλήρωσης του εισοδήματος και ότι θα πρέπει να συνδέονται με μια ολοκληρωμένη πολιτική δημιουργίας θέσεων εργασίας, διατηρώντας παράλληλα το δημόσιο χαρακτήρα και το ρόλο του κράτους που δεν πρέπει να υπονομεύονται με το πρόσχημα των δημοσιονομικών περιορισμών.
Εθνικό Σχέδιο Δράσης και Προτάσεις Αντιμετώπισης του Trafficking στην Ελλάδα
Authors: Κόφφας Στέφανος , Πάττα Ευθυμία , Ασπρίδης Γιώργος , Παπαδημόπουλος Ιωάννης , Σδρόλιας Λάμπρος
Published: July 2017

Στη συγκεκριμένη εργασία γίνεται προσπάθεια να εξεταστεί και να αναλυθεί το trafficking ως προς την εθνική πολιτική διαχείρισης στην Ελλάδα, τις ιδιαιτερότητές του, εξειδικεύοντας και εστιάζοντας κυρίως στην εφαρμογή προσανατολισμένων σε έργα (projects) οργανωτικών διαρθρώσεων και στρατηγικών διαδικασιών, ως την αναγκαία επιλογή- προϋπόθεση για την αντιμετώπιση του μείζονος αυτού κοινωνικού προβλήματος. Ως κύριο στοιχείο ανάλυσης περιγράφεται η οργανωμένη προσπάθεια του κράτους, το οποίο λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τα χαρακτηριστικά γνωρίσματα του trafficking στην Ελλάδα, των συγκεκριμένων δομών και προγραμμάτων που υπάρχουν, να εφαρμόσει μια αποτελεσματική πολιτική αντιμετώπισης του φαινομένου. Στη βάση των εφαρμοζόμενων αυτών πρακτικών αντιμετώπισης, καταδεικνύονται μέσω της SWAT ανάλυσης τα αδύνατα σημεία τους και προτείνονται μια σειρά παρεμβάσεων διοικητικής και οργανωτικής φύσεως. Σημαντικό στοιχείο των προτεινόμενων αλλαγών αποτελεί ο συντονισμός και η επικοινωνιακή πολιτική μεταξύ των συμβαλλόμενων μερών, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τα χαρακτηριστικά του φαινομένου εμπορίας προσώπων στην Ελλάδα καθώς και τις ελλείψεις των υπαρχουσών δομών.
Κοινωνική πολιτική στο τοπικό επίπεδο, η υπο-κλιμάκωση της κοινωνικής προστασίας τα χρόνια της κρίσης
Authors: Χριστόφορος Σκαμνάκης , Χάρδας Αναστάσιος
Published: July 2017

Οι περιοριστικές πολιτικές λιτότητας και η ύφεση δοκιμάζουν τις αντοχές της κοινωνικής πολιτικής. Κατά την περίοδο που οι ανάγκες για κοινωνική προστασία αυξάνουν, οι πόροι βαίνουν μειούμενοι. Στο τοπικό επίπεδο υλοποιούνται μια σειρά από παρεμβάσεις που αποτυπώνουν τον προσανατολισμό και τον χαρακτήρα της κοινωνικής προστασίας. Στην Ελλάδα οι δήμοι συμβάλουν στην ύφανση του πλέγματος κοινωνικής προστασίας. Η κοινωνική πολιτική στο τοπικό επίπεδο στηρίζεται σε δύο βασικούς χρηματοδοτικούς πυλώνες που λειτουργούν συμπληρωματικά και συνθέτουν το φάσμα των παροχών και υπηρεσιών. Ο πρώτος πυλώνας αφορά δαπάνες που αναλαμβάνουν οι ίδιοι οι ΟΤΑ από τον προϋπολογισμό τους.  Σε αυτόν εντοπίζεται σχετική αυτονομία ως προς τις επιλογές και τις κατευθύνσεις ενώ υποστηρίζεται κυρίως από κρατικές επιχορηγήσεις και συμπληρώνεται από τοπικούς πόρους. Ο δεύτερος πυλώνας αφορά χρηματικές εισροές που προέρχονται από πόρους των Διαρθρωτικών Ταμείων της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης (ΕΕ). Οι χρηματοδοτήσεις αυτές διέπονται εν γενεί από αυστηρό ρυθμιστικό πλαίσιο και κανόνες και κατευθύνονται σε συγκεκριμένες δράσεις που καθορίζονται από τα εκάστοτε Επιχειρησιακά Προγράμματα.Παρακολουθώντας την εξέλιξη των δύο πυλώνων κοινωνικής πολιτικής καταλήγουμε σε συγκεκριμένα συμπεράσματα αναφορικά με το πρότυπο της κοινωνικής προστασίας που αναπτύσσεται στο τοπικό επίπεδο και συμπεραίνουμε προοπτικές και τυχόν αδυναμίες του. Συγκεκριμένα, από τη μία πλευρά οι παρεμβάσεις στο τοπικό επίπεδο διευρύνονται, ωστόσο από την άλλη πλευρά ανακύπτουν ερωτήματα, αναφορικά με τις στοχεύσεις και τις προοπτικές της κοινωνικής πολιτικής σε τοπικό επίπεδο. Οι απαντήσεις που δίνονται στο παρών άρθρο αποσαφηνίζουν το παράδειγμα κοινωνικής προστασίας στο τοπικό επίπεδο στη σύγχρονη Ελλάδα της κρίσης.
Η Ελληνική Αγορά Εργασίας μετά την Κρίση του 2008: Απορρύθμιση, Αναθέσμιση και Αποκέντρωση
Authors: Θεόδωρος Κουτρούκης
Published: July 2017

Εξαιτίας ενός πελώριου δημόσιου χρέους η Ελλάδα υποχρεώθηκε να ζητήσει εξωτερική χρηματοδότηση από την ΕΕ, την ΕΚΤ και το ΔΝΤ και δεσμεύθηκε να εφαρμόσει μεταρρυθμιστικά μετρά (Μνημόνια). Το πραγματολογικό υλικό των ετών 2010-16 δείχνει τις ακόλουθες εξελίξεις: α) υψηλότερη ευελιξία στην αγορά εργασίας β) μείωση των κατώτερων μισθών στο εθνικό και το κλαδικό επίπεδο γ) αποκέντρωση των διαδικασιών και μια τάση της διαπραγματευτικής διεργασίας από το κλαδικό και επαγγελματικό επίπεδο προς το επιχειρησιακό δ) εγκατάλειψη ή δραστικό περιορισμός του ρόλου της διαιτησίας για αρκετά χρόνια ε) προώθηση των τοπικών συμφώνων απασχόλησης. Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να αποτιμήσει την επίδραση των προγραμμάτων των ΕΕ-ΕΚΤ-ΔΝΤ στο ελληνικό σύστημα εργασιακών σχέσεων, με τη χρήση της ανάλυσης των θεσμικών μεταβολών στην αγορά εργασίας και τις διαδικασίες κοινωνικού διαλόγου. Συνοψίζοντας, η κρίση επιτάχυνε την οργανωμένη αποκέντρωση και ενίσχυσε την τάση προς την κυριαρχία των επιχειρησιακών συλλογικών συμβάσεων.
Neuroimaging in aging: brain maintenance
Authors: Nyberg Lars
Published: July 2017

Neuroimaging studies of the aging brain provide support that the strongest predictor of preserved memory and cognition in older age is brain maintenance, or relative lack of brain pathology. Evidence for brain maintenance comes from different levels of examination, but up to now relatively few studies have used a longitudinal design. Examining factors that promote brain maintenance in aging is a critical task for the future and may be combined with the use of new techniques for multimodal imaging.
Overuse of prophylactic antibiotics for elective caesarean delivery in Medani Hospital, Sudan
Authors: E. Abbas Tahani , Adam Ishag , M. Elhassan Elhassan , M. Tag Eldin Imad Eldin , Abdel Rahman Mirgani
Published: July 2017

Background: Antibiotics for prophylaxis are widely used to reduce the risk of post-caesarean delivery infection. The dosage regimens are often inappropriate and may result in the appearance of drug-resistant organisms, which will increase the cost.

Objectives: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prescribing patterns of prophylactic antibiotics for elective caesarean delivery (CD) at Medani Hospital, Sudan.

Method: The medical records of women who underwent elective CD from April 2015 to June 2015 were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: The main reasons for CD among these women (n=202) were repeat CD, breech and antepartum haemorrhage. The mean (±SD) age of the women was 28.7 (±6.2) years. Ceftizoxime was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic, prescribed for 63.9% of women.  It was used alone in 12.4% of cases, and in combination with gentamicin and metronidazole in 49.5% of cases.  Cefuroxime was used in combination with gentamicin and metronidazole in 26.7% of women, and in combination with metronidazole only in 9.4% of women, making the overall percentage 36.1%. Antibiotics were administered for 5 days in 32.7% of cases. 91.1% of women received antibiotic prophylaxis after clamping of the cord. All women received oral antibiotic prophylaxis on discharge for five to seven days. Oral cefuroxime in combination with metronidazole was the most preferred regime (77.2 %).

Conclusions:  The current study shows overuse of antibiotics for elective CD. Injectable ceftizoxime in combination with gentamicin and metronidazole after cord clamping was the most commonly prescribed regime.
Logarithmic distributions prove that intrinsic learning is Hebbian
Authors: Scheler Gabriele
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we document lognormal distributions for spike rates, synaptic weights and intrinsic excitability (gain) for neurons in various brain areas, such as auditory or visual cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, striatum, midbrain nuclei. We find a remarkable consistency of heavy-tailed, specifically lognormal, distributions for rates, weights and gains in all brain areas.

The difference between strongly recurrent and feed-forward connectivity (cortex vs. striatum and cerebellum), neurotransmitter (GABA (striatum) or glutamate (cortex)) or the level of activation (low in cortex, high in Purkinje cells and midbrain nuclei) turns out to be irrelevant for this feature. Logarithmic scale distribution of weights and gains appears as a functional property that is present everywhere. 

Secondly, we created a generic neural model to show that Hebbian learning will create and maintain lognormal distributions.

We could prove with the model that not only weights, but also intrinsic gains, need to have strong Hebbian learning in order to produce and maintain the experimentally attested distributions. This settles a long-standing question about the type of plasticity exhibited by intrinsic excitability.
Revisiting inconsistency in large pharmacogenomic studies
Authors: Safikhani Zhaleh , Smirnov Petr , Freeman Mark , El-Hachem Nehme , She Adrian , Rene Quevedo , Goldenberg Anna , Birkbak Nicolai J. , Hatzis Christos , Shi Leming , Beck Andrew H. , Aerts Hugo J.W.L. , Quackenbush John , Haibe-Kains Benjamin
Published: July 2017

In 2013, we published a comparative analysis of mutation and gene expression profiles and drug sensitivity measurements for 15 drugs characterized in the 471 cancer cell lines screened in the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE). While we found good concordance in gene expression profiles, there was substantial inconsistency in the drug responses reported by the GDSC and CCLE projects. We received extensive feedback on the comparisons that we performed. This feedback, along with the release of new data, prompted us to revisit our initial analysis. We present a new analysis using these expanded data, where we address the most significant suggestions for improvements on our published analysis — that targeted therapies and broad cytotoxic drugs should have been treated differently in assessing consistency, that consistency of both molecular profiles and drug sensitivity measurements should be compared across cell lines, and that the software analysis tools provided should have been easier to run, particularly as the GDSC and CCLE released additional data.

Our re-analysis supports our previous finding that gene expression data are significantly more consistent than drug sensitivity measurements. Using new statistics to assess data consistency allowed identification of two broad effect drugs and three targeted drugs with moderate to good consistency in drug sensitivity data between GDSC and CCLE. For three other targeted drugs, there were not enough sensitive cell lines to assess the consistency of the pharmacological profiles. We found evidence of inconsistencies in pharmacological phenotypes for the remaining eight drugs.

Overall, our findings suggest that the drug sensitivity data in GDSC and CCLE continue to present challenges for robust biomarker discovery. This re-analysis provides additional support for the argument that experimental standardization and validation of pharmacogenomic response will be necessary to advance the broad use of large pharmacogenomic screens.
The Problems of Topology And Indexation of Interethnic Communications That Cause Inadequate Behavior
Authors: Каргин Николай , Kargin Nikolay , Бабушкина Е. , Babushkina E.
Published: July 2017

In this article, it is concluded that at the present time there is a need for new methods of reflection and analysis (with a greater degree of abstraction) in connection with which theoretical algebra and social topology seem to be quite real for use. It is defined that topos should reflect social and communicative activity, and the bundles — its behavioral manifestations, in various forms, but connected functionally, that is, bundles, in whatever, the points of space are manifested (in the most diverse form), are aimed at performing, Completely real and measurable functions. It is shown how the mathematical topos of A. Grothendieck and sociological topos reduce to a single consistent representation and apply this theory in the sphere of interethnic communications. As a result, it seems possible to correctly use one of the mathematical theories — the theory of A. Grothendieck’s beams and tops for solving a number of problems facing communicative science, identified in the methodology of social topology.
Exploring the Universality And Particularity of Korean Myths of the Korean And Slavic Peoples
Authors: Ко Ен , Ko En , Мухаметзянов Р. , Muhametzyanov R.
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of the Korean myths (Dangun myth and The myth about Dongmyeong king) with Slavic myths. Through this study it will be meaningful to understand the ethnic sentiment of Korean and Slavic peoples. The contents of the study are as follows: Dangun myth and Dongmyeong myth research, the general characteristics of Korean and Russian myths about founding kingdom, research of the universality of Korean Dangun myth and Slav ‘s brown bear myth, as well as Dongmyeong myth with the myth about God of the Sun.
The Typical Mistakes In the Texts of Written Business Communication Through the Infringement of Language Norms (on the Material of the Distance Learning Courses For State Employees of the Lipetsk Region)
Authors: Селеменева О. , Selemenova O.
Published: July 2017

Person’s speech culture is the key to the organization of effective management. The poverty of vocabulary and inappropriate use of the language means in the business communication are an insurmountable linguistic barrier which blocks contacts of people. The article provides an overview of the typical mistakes made by students of the distance learning courses «Business Russian language on the Civil Service» (for example, indistinction of paronyms, using of pleonasm, hesitation in determining the gender of abbreviations, infringement of the rules of Russian speech etiquette and others). According to the author, some of these mistakes can be explained not only by the insufficient knowledge of the different types of standards, but also by the processes taking place in the linguistic field. For example, the process of intensification of borrowing and semantic changes in the lexicon leads to the formation of the words with the value shaded in the individual personality dictionary, the expansion of words from politics and economy leads to the increase of the frequency of functioning of the construction «dative with the preposition “on”» to transfer supplies relations.
The Cooperative Strategy of «Approval» Within the Self-Presentation Strategy In the Educational Discourse
Authors: Ращупкина К. , Rashchupkina K.
Published: July 2017

The article deals with cooperative (consensual) character of the strategy «approval» within the «self-presentation strategy» in the educational discourse. The author gives his interpretation of the given strategy; considers it from the point of view of two communicative tactics «praise» and «compliment»; he gives the definite examples of the conducted questionnaire survey and analyzes the replicas from the point of view of the theory of speech acts and verbal explication of «agreement» on the basis of four languages: English, Russian, German and French.
The Continuous-Time Service Network Design Problem
Authors: Boland Natashia , Hewitt Mike , Marshall Luke , Savelsbergh Martin
Published: July 2017

Consolidation carriers transport shipments that are small relative to trailer capacity. To be cost effective, the carrier must consolidate shipments, which requires coordinating their paths in both space and time; i.e., the carrier must solve a service network design problem. Most service network design models rely on discretization of time—i.e., instead of determining the exact time at which a dispatch should occur, the model determines a time interval during which a dispatch should occur. While the use of time discretization is widespread in service network design models, a fundamental question related to its use has never been answered: Is it possible to produce an optimal continuous-time solution without explicitly modeling each point in time? We answer this question in the affirmative. We develop an iterative refinement algorithm using partially time-expanded networks that solves continuous-time service network design problems. An extensive computational study demonstrates that the algorithm not only is of theoretical interest but also performs well in practice.
Pre-Service Science Teachers Views on STEM Materials and STEM Competition in Instructional Technologies and Material Development Course
Authors: Cetin Ali , Balta Nuri
Published: July 2017

This qualitative study was designed to introduce STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) activities to pre-service science teachers and identify their views about STEM materials. In this context, a competition was organized with 42 pre-service science teachers (13 male- 29 female) who took Instructional Technologies and Material Development course in Elementary Science Education Department in Siirt University. The competition consisted of 5 categories: balloon powered car, mousetrap car, water rocket, spaghetti bridge 1 (durability) and spaghetti bridge 2 (visuality). Structured interview form developed by researchers was used as data collection instrument. The results were analyzed with the conventional content analysis. Results indicated that participants (especially females) are more willing to use STEM materials in their future teaching life. Participants mostly believe that STEM materials facilitate learning, enhance retention and increase self-confidence. However, there are also pre-service science teachers who believe that preparation of STEM materials is difficult, takes too much time and not appropriate to students’ levels.
The Effect of Student Collaboration in Solving Physics Problems Using an Online Interactive Response System
Authors: Balta Nuri , Awedh Mohammad Hamza
Published: July 2017

Advanced technology helps educational institutes to improve student learning performance and outcomes. In this study, our aim is to measure and assess student engagement and collaborative learning in engineering classes when using online technology in solving physics problems. The interactive response system used in this study is a collaborative learning tool that allows teachers to monitor their students’ response and progress in real time. Our results indicated that students have highly positive attitude toward using the interactive response system as a tool in education in order to improve collaborative learning and student engagement in classes. Consequently, student-learning performance has been improved considerably, and technology was successfully incorporated in engineering classes.
Treatment of chronic, stable slipped capital femoral epiphysis via surgical hip dislocation with combined osteochondroplasty and Imhauser osteotomy
Authors: Erickson J. B. , Samora W. P. , Klingele K. E.
Published: July 2017

Purpose

Treatment of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), including the modified Dunn procedure, restores anatomy with significant risk for avascular necrosis (AVN), if performed in the setting of moderate to severe, stable SCFE. The Imhauser osteotomy has been shown to be an effective way to correct residual deformity without the risk of AVN. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a combined Imhauser osteotomy and osteochondroplasty, performed via a surgical hip dislocation approach for the acute and delayed treatment of stable SCFE.

Methods

A retrospective review was performed on a series of patients who underwent Imhauser osteotomy and osteochondroplasty via surgical hip dislocation for treatment of chronic, stable SCFE. Patients were divided into acute or delayed treatment groups based on whether osteotomy was performed as the initial slip treatment.

Results

In total 19 patients (15 male, four female, average age 13.7 years) were reviewed. Six osteotomies were performed acutely in combination with in situ pinning, 13 were delayed at least six months after in situ pinning (average 21.7 months). Two hips had labral tears that required repair. The mean follow-up was 61 months (23 to 120) (delayed) and 53 months (27 to 61) (acute). The average improvement in slip angle was 40.7° (delayed) and 50.2° (acute) (p = 0.0916), final post-operative slip angle averaged 15.8° (delayed) and 17.8° (acute) (p = 0.544). Femoral neck length and greater trochanteric height were similar between both groups. Average alpha angle at final follow-up measured 55.8° (delayed) and 60.8° (acute) (p = 0.542). No cases of AVN were identified.

Conclusion

Imhauser osteotomy combined with osteochondroplasty via surgical hip dislocation approach is a safe and effective treatment of moderate to severe, stable SCFE performed in both the acute and delayed setting.
Fluorescence of Picrosirius Red Multiplexed With Immunohistochemistry for the Quantitative Assessment of Collagen in Tissue Sections
Authors: Wegner Kyle A. , Keikhosravi Adib , Eliceiri Kevin W. , Vezina Chad M.
Published: July 2017

The low cost and simplicity of picrosirius red (PSR) staining have driven its popularity for collagen detection in tissue sections. We extended the versatility of this method by using fluorescent imaging to detect the PSR signal and applying automated quantification tools. We also developed the first PSR protocol that is fully compatible with multiplex immunostaining, making it possible to test whether collagen structure differs across immunohistochemically labeled regions of the tissue landscape. We compared our imaging method with two gold standards in collagen imaging, linear polarized light microscopy and second harmonic generation imaging, and found that it is at least as sensitive and robust to changes in sample orientation. As proof of principle, we used a genetic approach to overexpress beta catenin in a patchy subset of mouse prostate epithelial cells distinguished only by immunolabeling. We showed that collagen fiber length is significantly greater near beta catenin overexpressing cells than near control cells. Our fluorescent PSR imaging method is sensitive, reproducible, and offers a new way to guide region of interest selection for quantifying collagen in tissue sections.
Multiplex Staining by Sequential Immunostaining and Antibody Removal on Routine Tissue Sections
Authors: Bolognesi Maddalena Maria , Manzoni Marco , Scalia Carla Rossana , Zannella Stefano , Bosisio Francesca Maria , Faretta Mario , Cattoretti Giorgio
Published: July 2017

Multiplexing, labeling for multiple immunostains in the very same cell or tissue section in situ, has raised considerable interest. The methods proposed include the use of labeled primary antibodies, spectral separation of fluorochromes, bleaching of the fluorophores or chromogens, blocking of previous antibody layers, all in various combinations. The major obstacles to the diffusion of this technique are high costs in custom antibodies and instruments, low throughput, and scarcity of specialized skills or facilities. We have validated a method based on common primary and secondary antibodies and diffusely available fluorescent image scanners. It entails rounds of four-color indirect immunofluorescence, image acquisition, and removal (stripping) of the antibodies, before another stain is applied. The images are digitally registered and the autofluorescence is subtracted. Removal of antibodies is accomplished by disulfide cleavage and a detergent or by a chaotropic salt treatment, this latter followed by antigen refolding. More than 30 different antibody stains can be applied to one single section from routinely fixed and embedded tissue. This method requires a modest investment in hardware and materials and uses freeware image analysis software. Multiplexing on routine tissue sections is a high throughput tool for in situ characterization of neoplastic, reactive, inflammatory, and normal cells.
white-bodied poetry: beaching the beached
Authors: Preece Bronwyn
Published: July 2017

[stories]… conjugating butoh … go, how? … creviced articulations of (academic) bodies morphing … a corporeal text … a table of contents of the poetic performative … performing poet … an exegesis of arriving : humbled leavings … nuanced sea/landscape … evocations of site … of dance … word waves … always questioning … white sandy grit (in teeth and crotch : … poetic scholarship) … verbing …
Examining the validity of the technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) framework for preservice chemistry teachers
Authors: Deng Feng , Chai Ching Sing , So Hyo-Jeong , Qian Yangyi , Chen Lingling
Published: July 2017

While various quantitative measures for assessing teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) have developed rapidly, few studies to date have comprehensively validated the structure of TPACK through various criteria of validity especially for content specific areas. In this paper, we examined how the TPACK survey measure is aligned with the TPACK lesson plan measure and how they are related to the measure of epistemological beliefs about chemistry. The participants were 280 Chinese preservice chemistry teachers enrolled in a university in China. Both exploratory and confirmatory factory analyses were performed on the TPACK survey measure to help to establish validity, including considerations for convergent and discriminant validity. This was followed by the invariance test to examine factorial validity as related to gender. To establish the predictive validity of TPACK, the relationships among teachers’ epistemological beliefs, TPACK, and their capacity for planning technology-integrated lessons were also examined. Overall, the results showed that all four types of validity looked at in this study (i.e., convergent, discriminant, factorial, and predictive) were satisfactorily established. Implications for TPACK research and teacher education are also discussed.
The sphingomyelin synthase family: proteins, diseases, and inhibitors
Authors: Chen Yang , Cao Yu
Published: July 2017

Sphingomyelin (SM) is among the most important biomolecules in eukaryotes and acts as both constructive components and signal carrier in physiological processes. SM is catalyzed by a membrane protein family, sphingomyelin synthases (SMSs), consisting of three members, SMS1, SMS2 and SMSr. SMSs modulate sphingomyelin and other sphingolipids levels, thereby regulating membrane mobility, ceramide-dependent apoptosis and DAG-dependent signaling pathways. SMSs was found associated with various diseases. Downregulation of SMS2 activity results in protective effects against obesity, atherosclerosis and diabetes and makes SMS2 inhibitors potential medicines. Structural guided specific drug design could be the next breakthrough, discriminating SMS2 from other homologs.
Type 1 rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata with a homozygous PEX7 mutation
Authors: Muratoğlu Şahin Nursel , Bilici Meliha Esra , Kurnaz Erdal , Pala Akdoğan Melek , Ceylaner Serdar , Aycan Zehra
Published: July 2017

Background:

Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP) is a rare peroxisomal disease characterised by punctate calcifications of non-ossified cartilage epiphyseal centres. The main biochemical marker of all RCDP types is a decrease in the levels of plasmalogens. Additionally, the accumulation of phytanic acid can be used as a differential marker between types of RDCP. Due to the biochemical overlap between types 1 and 5 RCDP, a genetic analysis of these genes should be performed in patients to identify the type.

Case presentation:

A 2-month-19-day-old male child presented with symptoms of limited movement and discomfort with movement in the extremities. His sister, who had similar clinical findings, was diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot and died at 6 months of age. A physical examination revealed an atypical facial appearance, bilateral cataracts, sensitivity to touch in the extremities, shortness in the proximal segments of the long bones, limited movement in both knees and elbows and axial hypotonicity. Laboratory analyses revealed normal ammonia, lactate, plasma and urine amino acids, long chain fatty acids and phytanic acid levels. Rhizomelia, significant metaphyseal expansion, irregularities in the cortex, loss of ossification, fragmented appearance and punctate calcifications in both elbows, both knees and in the femoral epiphysis were seen on the skeletal survey. A homozygote p.L70W (c.209T>G) mutation was found in the

Conclusions:

Plasma phytanic acid levels can be normal in a patient with type 1 RCDP that develops as a result of a
Integral estimation of xenobiotics’ toxicity with regard to their metabolism in human organism
Authors: Dmitriev Alexander , Rudik Anastasia , Filimonov Dmitry , Lagunin Alexey , Pogodin Pavel , Dubovskaja Varvara , Bezhentsev Vladislav , Ivanov Sergey , Druzhilovsky Dmitry , Tarasova Olga , Poroikov Vladimir
Published: July 2017

Toxicity and severe adverse effects are the primary cause of drug-candidate failures at the late stages of preclinical and clinical trials. Since most xenobiotics undergo biotransformations, their interaction with human organism reveals the effects produced by parent compounds and all metabolites. To increase the chances of successful drug development, estimation of the entire toxicity for drug substance and its metabolites is necessary for filtering out the potentially toxic compounds. We proposed the computational approach to the integral evaluation of xenobiotics’ toxicity based on the structural formula of the drug-like compound. In the framework of this study, the consensus QSAR model was developed based on the analysis of over 3000 compounds with information about their rat acute toxicity for intravenous route of administration. Four different numerical methods, estimating the integral toxicity, were proposed, and their comparative performance was studied using the external evaluation set consisting of 37 structures of drugs and 200 their metabolites. It was shown that, on the average, the best correspondence between the predicted and published data is obtained using the method that takes into account the estimated characteristics for both the parent compound and its most toxic metabolite.
The black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens – a promising source for sustainable production of proteins, lipids and bioactive substances
Authors: Müller Ariane , Wolf Diana , Gutzeit Herwig O.
Published: July 2017

The growing demand worldwide for proteins and lipids cannot be met by the intensive use of agricultural land currently available. Insect mass cultures as a source for proteins and lipids have been in focus for various reasons. An insect with many positive properties is the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, whose larvae could be used for the sustainable production of proteins and lipids. Furthermore, the larvae produce bioactive substances which could potentially be used for human and animal welfare.
Mixed Doubles: Debussy, Nijinsky, Jeux
Authors: Vajjhala Rachana
Published: July 2017

Pierre Boulez, in his characteristic oracular fashion, once declared the ballet Jeux to be “a sort of Afternoon of a Faune in sports clothes.” In this article, I contend that his pithy observation—characterizing the difference between Faune and Jeux in sartorial terms—has diverted historians ever since from asking the right questions about the later work. I examine belle epoque tennis culture to argue that the ballet's disjunct expressive registers—a diaphanous, cerebral score coexisting with sportive, avant-garde choreography—have their roots in belle époque social anxieties about what it meant to be appropriately masculine, but they also foreshadow the problematic place of danced works in current musicological scholarship.
Polycystic ovary syndrome and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis and review of the literature
Authors: Helvaci Nafiye , Karabulut Erdem , Demir Ahmet Ugur , Yildiz Bulent Okan
Published: July 2017

Background and Objective

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been reported to be associated with the development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The objective of this meta-analysis is to assess the relationship between PCOS and OSA.

Methods

A literature search was conducted to identify studies linking PCOS with the risk of OSA. Studies in which the presence of OSA was confirmed with overnight polysomnography were included. Random effects models were used to calculate pooled relative risks.

Results

Eight studies conducted in adults and five studies conducted in adolescents were identified. The pooled OSA prevalence was 0.22 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08–0.40) in PCOS patients. The pooled prevalence of OSA was higher in adults (0.32, 95% CI: 0.13–0.55) than adolescents (0.08, 95% CI: 0.00–0.30). Risk of OSA was significantly increased in adult patients with PCOS (odds ratio (OR) 9.74, 95% CI: 2.76–34.41). Risk of OSA was not significantly increased in adolescents (OR: 4.54, 95% CI:0.56–36.43).

Conclusions

These findings demonstrate a significant association between PCOS and OSA in adult patients. Considering the increased risk for long-term cardiometabolic disorders associated with both PCOS and OSA, it is important to diagnose and treat OSA in patients with PCOS.
Posconflicto colombiano y sus efectos económicos
Authors: Ruiz Diaz María , Galeano Raquejo John , Gil Mateus Edwin
Published: July 2017

Resumen

 

Las negociaciones de paz del gobierno con las denominadas Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) podrían tener efectos sobre la economía colombiana. Por ello se esbozan  tres escenarios –pesimista, neutral y optimista– en los que se distingan efectos a nivel financiero y de comercio internacional en los cinco años posteriores a la finalización del proceso de negociación. Partiendo del estudio de casos en cinco países que enfrentaron la terminación de un conflicto interno, por vía militar o diplomática, se analizaron variables sobre las cuales se podría prever un efecto, teniendo en cuenta el posconflicto y el desenlace de las negociaciones de paz entre la guerrilla y el Gobierno. Se concluye que en los cinco años posteriores a la firma del acuerdo, la balanza de bienes y servicios crecería entre el 3% y  6%; el comercio lo haría entre 10% y 15%; el Riesgo País se incrementaría alrededor de 4 puntos; la Inversión Extranjera Directa (IED) aumentaría entre 40% y 50%; el crecimiento del PIB anual estaría 1 ó 2 puntos porcentuales más alto que el actual y el gasto militar disminuiría al 10% como porcentaje del PIB.

 

Abstract

 

The government peace negotiations with the so-called Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) could have an impact on the Colombian economy, being relevant to analyze such effects. Therefore three possible scenarios to financial and international trade level for a period of five years, compared to the possible outcomes of the negotiation process are outlined. From case studies in five countries faced the completion of an internal conflict, military or diplomatic channels, variables were analyzed on which could provide an effect, taking into account the post-conflict and outcome of peace negotiations between the guerrillas and the government. It is concluded that in the five years after signing the agreement, the balance of goods and services would grow between 3% and 6%; would trade between 10% and 15% greater; country risk would rise about 4 points; Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) would increase between 40% and 50%; annual GDP growth would be 1 or 2 percentage points higher than the current and military spending would decrease 10% as a percentage of GDP.
Análisis crítico del discurso sobre conflicto armado y desarrollo en los presidentes Álvaro Uribe Vélez y Juan Manuel Santos en Colombia entre los años 2002 y 2013
Authors: Pabón Carlos
Published: July 2017

Resumen

El artículo presenta un análisis discursivo sobre conflicto armado y desarrollo en textos de los presidentes Álvaro Uribe Vélez y Juan Manuel Santos entre los años 2002 y 2013. Busca identificar la manera en que se instituyen y operan éstos discursos. Realiza un abordaje cualitativo, utilizando como herramienta el Análisis Crítico del Discurso y concentrando el interés en los tres conceptos principales de su estructura conceptual: identidad nacional, poder e ideología. Además, orienta la metodología de análisis hacia la dimensión de Practica Social formulada por Fairclough en el marco de su modelo tridimensional de Análisis Crítico del Discurso. Mediante esta metodología se demuestra que existen diferencias relevantes entre las estructuras y estrategias discursivas de cada actor, con las cuales se han legitimado formas de proceder en sus gobiernos.
La responsabilidad institucional pública: un análisis para el mejoramiento de la gestión y la gerencia en la administración pública
Authors: González Sotelo Clara , Naranjo Africano Gloria
Published: July 2017

Las crecientes demandas de organizaciones sociales y defensoras de Derechos Humanos frente a la gestión de las Entidades públicas y privadas, exigen que éstas busquen superar la simple producción de bienes o servicios a usuarios internos y externos, en razón a que los ciudadanos reclaman una relación basada en su reconocimiento como sujetos de derechos y en una gestión ética que no se limite a la básica aplicación formal de normas legales.  Desde esta perspectiva, en el marco de la Responsabilidad social y partiendo del concepto de lo público (en el que está implícito lo social), este estudio pretende señalar lineamientos para la construcción de la Responsabilidad Institucional Pública (RIP) -equivalente a la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial del sector privado-, con el fin de contribuir al fortalecimiento del sentido misional y legitimidad de las Entidades Estatales, desde una llamada a lo ético; ello, a partir de los resultados del diagnóstico de las prácticas de RIP evidenciadas en tres entidades del sector público colombiano:  una entidad del nivel ejecutivo central, una empresa social del estado(ejecutora) y un organismo de control . De los resultados obtenidos se encuentra que, el factor que alcanza mayor coincidencia en la afirmación de tales prácticas, es el de transparencia (en lo que hace referencia al cumplimiento de requisitos formales); en tanto que el de desarrollo del capital humano, es en el que se da menor reconocimiento de su aplicación.

Abstract

The increasing demands of social organizations and human rights defenders facing the management of public and private entities, they require looking beyond the mere production of goods or services to internal users and external liabilities due to citizens claiming a relationship based on their recognition as subjects of rights and ethical management that goes beyond the formal application of basic legal standards. From this perspective, in the context of social responsibility and based on the Aristotelian concept of the public (which is implicit in the social), this study seeks to identify guidelines for the construction of a public policy Public Institutional Responsibility (RIP)-equivalent Corporate Social Responsibility-private sector, to help strengthen the sense of mission and legitimacy of state entities, from a call to the ethical, therefore, from the results of diagnostic practices evidenced in RIP sector three entities. In turn, the higher reaches coincidence factor in the affirmation of such practices is that of transparency (which refers to the formal requirements) while the development of human capital, which gives less recognition of their application.
Tendencias actuales de la educación superior en Colombia
Authors: Gómez Ríos John Jairo , Laverde Rojas Henry , Díaz Niño Álvaro
Published: July 2017

El estudio de la economía en la actualidad se encuentra influenciado por diferentes tendencias que se originaron desde la última década del siglo XX. En este sentido, el objeto de análisis parte de lógicas claramente diferenciadas que dificultan la convergencia hacia un objetivo común entre el docente y el estudiante. El presente artículo se basa en un análisis de esta relación y el estudio de las prácticas pedagógicas que se generan en torno al estudio de la economía. Con base en información del Sistema Nacional de Información de la Educación Superior (SNIES), se estimó el impacto que el nivel de formación, las condiciones contractuales y los aspectos descriptivos de los docentes, tales como el género y el tipo de institución (pública o privada), tienen sobre los resultados de las pruebas Saber PRO como proxy de la calidad de la educación en Colombia. Los resultados muestran que, excepto el género de los docentes, todas las variables tienen un impacto estadísticamente significativo sobre la calidad de la educación en Colombia. También se realiza una revisión de la literatura acerca de esta temática y las tendencias que se originan en torno a su estudio.
Tendencias de la educación superior en Argentina, Chile y México
Authors: Linares Cortés Alejandra María
Published: July 2017

Este artículo expone la situación de la educación superior en Argentina, Chile y México, sus diferencias, normatividades, requisitos de ingreso, programas, enfoques, tendencias y los modelos que han desarrollado estos países para su adaptación hacia los modelos neoliberales y de globalización. Este panorama devela el inicio de la universidad en estos países latinoamericanos y da un recorrido por sus transiciones y ajustes ante nuevos contextos socioeconómicos y políticos. Además, pretende dar una perspectiva más amplia de la oferta académica de educación superior en estos países, que en los últimos años han atraído a estudiantes que desean ingresar a la educación superior aprovechando becas, como las ofrecidas por Argentina a los extranjeros.