bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functions of Precedent Phenomena in the English-Language Cinematic Discourse
Authors:   Lobachevsky University, Muliukina A.
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the peculiarities of the use of precedent phenomena in the English-language cinematic discourse. Precedent phenomena are events, things, personalities that are emotionally and culturally significant for the national-linguistic-cultural community. The research is focused on the study of precedent phenomena in the English-language cinematic discourse in terms of the levels of precedence, as well as the frequency of functions performed by precedent phenomena. The material of the study is English-language film films, nominees and winners of the Academy Award 2015–2023 in the category “Best Picture”. In the research, the method of continuous sampling, discourse analysis, the method of contextual analysis, and the inductive method are used. As a result of the study, a list of functions of precedent phenomena in cinematic discourse has been complied. The study has shown that most often precedent phenomena perform evaluative, ludic and pragmatic functions. A significant number of national-precedent phenomena are singled out, the use of such phenomena reflects the importance of certain cultural and historical events to the national-linguistic-cultural community. The results of the study have significance both within the framework of cinema theory and within the framework of culturology and cultural linguistics.
The Integration of Religious and Detective Discourses in Short Stories by G.K.Chesterton
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Ovodova M.
Published: February 2025

The research deals with the study of the phenomenon of inter­discursivity, which is understood in the most generalized way as the interaction of one type of discourse with various types of other ones, manifested at the linguistic and cognitive levels. The aim of the re­search is to deduce the levels of integration of religious and detective discourses on the example of a detective story by G. K. Chesterton. The selected levels for the analysis of the integration of discourses include: the level of the composition of the discourse, the functional level and the level of linguistic means. For example, being the central figure of the detective, Father Brown plays two roles — a priest and a detective, thus combining two discourses. The employed methods of discursive and lexico-stylistic analysis of the protagonist’s speech acts showed how religious discourse is intertwined with the detective one through selected lexico-stylistic means that perform the func­tions of persuasion, edification and clarification, thereby further ex­acerbating the problem of the struggle between good and evil inher­ent in detective discourse.
Complex Nature of Apology Speech Act (basing on the English Language)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Skvortsova E.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the article is to determine the complex nature of the apology speech act, in which a number of intentions are implicitly / explicitly implemented, such as guilt admission, re­gret, promise of forbearance, etc. While the minimum condition of an apology speech act realisation is using the apology speech formula, in reality, the length of apology can increase significantly. The author suggests that in the communicative situation of apology, speech acts similar to those mentioned above lose their independent status and become part of the apology speech act.
Deliberate Disinformation through Modern British Mass Media Discourse Metaphors
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Zashchitina G.
Published: February 2025

The article investigates the pragmatics of metaphors in modern British news articles headlines. Such metaphors are viewed as effective in shifting both informational and pragmatic focus of the news, which, in its turn, results in deliberate disinformation and manipulation. The paper focuses on the way in which metaphoric language means are made use of as means pertaining to the constructive aspect of news discourse. Thus, they are not only capable of evaluating and responsible for attitude formation. They are also instrumental in referent shifting and refocusing the pragmatic center of the news. The deliberate disinformation does not only increase the informational value of the news but also helps to achieve some pragmatic aims. By means of analysis of metaphoric language, that misleads the reader, we highlight an increased necessity to doublecheck the incoming news.
Perception of Social Responsibility in Gastronomy from the Perspective of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) During and After the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mattia Adilene Alvares , Oliveira Bruno Santucci De , Sohn Ana Paula Lisboa
Published: February 2025

Objective: The study proposes to analyze the perception of social responsibility in gastronomy from the perspective of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
 
Theoretical framework: During the COVID-19 pandemic, social responsibility in gastronomy, focused on food and nutritional security, gained importance. By adopting sustainable practices gastronomy can become a positive force for society, contributing to a fairer and more sustainable future. Applying the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in restaurants not only meets the demands of conscious customers but also brings economic benefits, market differentiation, resilience, talent attraction, and the possibility of strategic partnerships.
 
Method: A survey of 157 restaurants, selected by convenience and quota sampling, was carried out. Interviews and questionnaires were conducted on the basis of a detailed script. The research instrument used consisted of a structured questionnaire with 26 questions, carefully divided between the profile of the sample and social responsibility actions in terms of the Sustainable Development Goals established in the project.
 
Resuls and Discussion: Restaurants have a strong interest in and commitment to sustainability, resource management, waste management and the wellbeing of employees and the community. However, it is clear that some key concepts related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) still need to be more widely known by the interviewees.
 
Research Implications: The survey identified opportunities for greater awareness of the SDGs and the importance of Social Responsibility for sustainable development in the gastronomy and hospitality fields.
 
Originality/Value: The present article concentrated on the evidence provided by restaurants that projects advocating social responsibility in the field of gastronomy have the capacity to influence public policies related to food systems, agriculture, and sustainability. The generation of this evidence-based research contributes to projects in gastronomy that incorporate social responsibility and sustainable practices, thereby contributing to the scientific understanding of food systems, agriculture, nutrition, and their impacts on society and the environment.
Occurrences of Natural Disasters and Their Relationship With Extreme Rain Events in Novo Progresso-PA, Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Marcilene Vaney Basgal Hoppe de , Dembinski Janaina da Silva , Nagata Khayth Marronny Rabelo , Moura Elton Raniere da Silva , Oliveira Leidiane Leão de
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The objective of this work is to identify the relationship between the natural disasters that occurred in the municipality of Novo Progresso-PA in the period from 2021 to 2023 with extreme rain events and through it highlight factors that contributed to them.
 
Method/design/approach: Volume data (m³) were obtained from the website National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEM). For rainfall volume data tabulation, computational software and programs such as Excel (OFFICE) were used to create spreadsheets and charts to identify rainfall patterns and volumes.
 
Results and conclusion: The results showed that during the annual rainy season, there was a total rainfall exceeding 200 mm/month, with an annual volume of 2,006.33 mm/year. The highest monthly volume was recorded in March, with an average of 396.33 mm/month. It was found that during the analyzed period, there were three (3) natural disasters—one in each year—of a hydrological nature, caused by local/convective storms with intense rainfall, where the peripheral and rural areas of the municipality were the most affected due to the lack of adequate infrastructure, such as an urban drainage system capable of handling seasonal demands and the region's climatic variations.
 
Research implications: The intensification of extreme rainfall, driven by climate change, results in natural disasters, causing significant human and material losses. An increase in recorded natural disasters has been observed in the municipality of Novo Progresso, which demands urgent structural interventions and public policies to mitigate the impacts and protect vulnerable populations in both urban and rural areas. 
 
Originality/value: Originality/value: The originality of this theme underscores the urgency of mitigation and adaptation strategies that take local vulnerabilities into account, which are essential for protecting communities and formulating effective public policies.
Environmental Policy Instruments That Promote Awareness Among The Governed to Comply With Regulations on The Matter
Authors: Cota Norma Dávila
Published: February 2025

Objective: To highlight the importance of some of the environmental policy instruments established by Mexican legislation, which have the purpose of promoting respect for environmental provisions in order to carry out productive activities in a way that is respectful of the environment and contribute in some way to that social awareness in environmental matters.
 
Theoretical Framework: For decades, the use of economic instruments to promote respect for environmental provisions has been identified in Europe, with studies being made on their integration (Eckard, Rehbinder, 1996). In Mexico, studies have also been made on this subject, which have described and analyzed the instruments used in the country and the way in which they have impacted Mexican practice (Figueroa, Fabiola, 2000)
 
Method: In this paper, the deductive method has been used since it starts from the general in terms of regulations to the specific in the use of environmental policy instruments.
 
Results and Discussion: The instruments described above are those that fit our perspective, since their structure allows those governed to achieve the objectives of environmental policy, either because they can obtain a direct reward in some sense or because over time, an awareness of respect for the environment is generated, leading to the formation of the respective culture.
 
Research implications: - Brief identification of the contents of the five environmental policy instruments that are in line with achieving the participation of the governed in sustainability
 
Originality/Value: The fundamental approach and intention of this writing, and what we can consider its main contribution, is to highlight the perspective of these environmental policy instruments in the effect they can have in creating a culture of compliance with environmental provisions, not necessarily for coercive reasons, but to understand the significance of the conduct of each member of society for the conservation of the environment in which life develops
Support for Mothers of Autistic Children in Porto Alegre and Greater Porto Alegre: "Support Networks: Challenges and Solutions for Mothers of Autistic Children in Porto Alegre and Greater Porto Alegre"
Authors: Santos Elisa Fabiane Martins de Paula dos , Somavilla Vera Elenei da Costa
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aims to map the institutions that offer support to mothers of autistic children in Porto Alegre, identifying the services offered and the need for inclusive public policies that are sensitive to the specificities of this population.
 
Theoretical Framework: According to data from 2024, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is included in the National Health Policy for People with Disabilities (PNSPD), with specialized rehabilitation centers (CER) available to serve people with ASD in various areas of rehabilitation. The implementation of these guidelines goes through processes of discussion and technical review, with the participation of society and local managers.
 
Method: Mapping of services that serve mothers of autistic children in Greater Porto Alegre involving a qualitative and exploratory approach, with the objective of identifying and characterizing the resources available for this specific population. Data collection was complemented with the analysis of the websites of specialized service centers, support associations and non-governmental organizations, aiming to identify the reception, guidance and monitoring services available to mothers.
 
Results and Discussion: Three NGOs were identified (Instituto Autismo e Vida, Grupo Autismo e Amor, Grupo de Inclusão e Apoio ao Autista), 51 philanthropic services such as health care centers (CAS), an estimated 20 support groups such as the Associação de Familiares e Amigos das Pessoas com Autismo (AFAPA) and 134 public services that directly or indirectly serve autistic people and their families, such as the Centro de Referência do Transtorno Autista (CERTA) in Porto Alegre-RS. Despite advances in policies, data indicate several difficulties in accessing health care, such as lack of infrastructure, stigma and barriers to early diagnosis. The data indicate that support for mothers of autistic children, who play a fundamental role in this process, is still limited. The data collected allowed the construction of a comprehensive overview of the conditions of care and the main needs and challenges faced by these mothers in the region.
 
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of autism studies.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by addressing a topic of utmost importance in today's society, as well as proving to be relevant in light of the challenges and solutions for mothers of autistic children in Porto Alegre.
ANALISIS LEADERSHIP TENAGA AHLI PADA KONSULTAN PERENCANA JALAN TOL PT X
Authors: Husein Lubis Fakhry , Sakti Wahyu Indra
Published: February 2025

Leadership of a specialist engineer is one of the important factors in the toll road design planning process, because it can be one of the successes and smoothness of the toll road design planning process. A specialist engineer who have leadership factors are expected to be able to plan, implement, direct, and manage human resources that can be applied to work units. This research was conducted using mixed methods, namely qualitative and quantitative. The quantitative method is done by distributing questionnaires to employees of toll road planning consultants who are directly related to the team leader while qualitative by interviewing experts who are experienced as team leaders. The results of research with data processing Relative Importance Index (RII) method there are ten leadership factors that are most needed which include being responsible for problems and solutions, being able to control themselves, being flexible, having honesty, creating a vision and mission, being able to coordinate and collaborate, having initiative, making the right decisions, providing motivation, and being responsible for making decisions.
Abstrak 
Leadership seorang tenaga ahli merupakan salah satu faktor yang penting dalam proses perencanaan desain jalan tol, karena hal bisa menjadi salah satu kesuksesan dan kelancaran proses perencanaan desain jalan tol. Tenaga ahli yang memiliki faktor – faktor leadership diharapkan mampu memiliki perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengarahan, dan pengelolaan sumber daya manusia yang dapat diterapkan pada unit kerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor - faktor leadership team leader atau tenaga ahli  pada konsultan perencana desain jalan tol. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode campuran yaitu kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Metode kuantitatif dilakukan dengan penyebaran kuesioner kepada karyawan konsultan perencana jalan tol yang berhubungan langsung dengan team leader sedangkan kualitatif dengan wawancara kepada tenaga ahli yang berpengalaman sebagai team leader. Hasil penelitian dengan pengolahan data  metode Relative Importance Index (RII) terdapat sepuluh faktor leadership yang paling dibutuhkan yang meliputi bertanggung jawab dalam permasalahan dan penyelesaian, mampu mengendalikan diri, fleksibel serta luwes, memiliki kerjujuran, menciptakan visi misi, mampu berkoordinasi dan berkolaborasi, memiliki inisiatif, mengambil keputusan yang tepat, memberikan motivasi, dan bertanggung jawab dalam mengambil keputusan.
ANALISIS INTERAKSI TANAH-GEOFOAM TERHADAP PARAMETER KUAT GESER TANAH
Authors: Sitompul Emmanuel Pangihutan , Desiani Asriwiyanti
Published: February 2025

The ground in the Gedebage area of Bandung city consists of soft soil at a depth of approximately 30 meters. Construction on soft soil generally suffers from high settlement and low bearing capacity. To overcome the problem of soft soil, a lightweight material solution is needed that still has the necessary strength. This research uses geofoam, a synthetic material made of EPS (expanded polystyrene), as a geotechnical material. The interaction between soil and geofoam has not been widely studied, while the use of interface value software applications are always required for the geotechnical analysis process. This study aims to analyze the effect of geofoam layer on soil shear strength parameters in Gedebage area, Bandung and geofoam interaction. The soil samples used were undisturbed soil at a depth of 2.0-2.5 meters. The test conducted was the consolidated drained (CD) type direct shear test using geofoam of PT X with the type of Geofoam EPS with geofoam sample dimensions for testing 6 cm in diameter and 1 cm in height. The results showed that the Geofoam affected the shear strength parameters of the native soil. In the direct shear test of the native soil, the cohesion value (c) was found to be 0.0392 kgf/cm2 and the internal shear angle was 23.44 degree. While in the direct shear test of native soil with Geofoam, the cohesion value (c) was 0.5598 kgf/cm² and the internal shear angle was 7.02 degree. The Rinterface value of the interaction between soil and Geofoam is 0.284
OPTIMALISASI BIAYA PEMBANGUNAN STRUKTUR DINDING PENAHAN TANAH DENGAN REVETMENT WALL SEBAGAI PERIMETER PERUMAHAN X
Authors: Hauwendy Hauwendy , Sutandi Arianti
Published: February 2025

Didalam perencanaan sebuah proyek, aspek acuan utama adalah aspek biaya, mutu dan waktu. Sebuah proyek yang baik harus memiliki perencanaan dan pengendalian biaya yang baik dan efisien, guna untuk mendapatkan keuntungan maksimal tanpa mempengaruhi mutu dan waktu penyelesaian proyek. Proyek pembangunan perumahan cluster X di Tangerang Selatan mencakup lahan seluas 28 hektar dengan rencana pembangunan 1200 rumah yang ditargetkan selesai pada tahun 2026. Perumahan ini memiliki perimeter sepanjang 4,67 km, yang akan dilengkapi dinding penahan tanah dan pagar panel beton sebagai pembatas. Penelitian ini mencari alternatif dinding penahan tanah yang lebih hemat biaya. Dinding penahan tanah yang sudah direncanakan oleh konsultan memiliki dimensi yang bervariasi tergantung lokasi konstruksi, salah satunya adalah tipe B5 dengan nilai SF (Safety Factor) Guling 14 ≥ 2, SF Geser 7 ≥ 1,5, Daya Dukung 3 ≥ 3, dan SF stabilitas global 1,94 ≥ 1,5. Sedangkan untuk alternatif kedua yaitu revetment wall dengan SF Stabilitas global 1,78 ≥ 1,5. Hasil perhitungan biaya konstruksi perimeter 1+000 sampai 1+500 memerlukan biaya sebesar Rp. 2.411.851.650. Sedangan kan untuk alternatif kedua memerlukan biaya sebesar Rp. 1.046.625.996. Dengan mengganti dinding penahan tanah menjadi revetment walls akan menghemat biaya konstruksi sebesar 45,61%.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PRODUKTIVITAS METODE PEKERJAAN GALIAN BATU MENGGUNAKAN ROCK DRILL BREAKER DAN BLASTING
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Davva , Sandjaya Arif
Published: February 2025

The advancement of technology in construction work has introduced various more efficient methods, including in rock excavation activities. This study aims to compare the productivity of two rock excavation methods: rock drill breaker and blasting. A descriptive quantitative approach was applied by collecting primary data from projects using the rock drill breaker method and data on the blasting method obtained from other relevant reference locations. The analysis focused on four key aspects, efficiency, time, operational costs, and productivity. The results revealed significant differences between the two methods. The blasting method produces a higher excavation volume per day but requires higher operational costs compared to the rock drill breaker. In terms of time, the blasting method demonstrates superior speed in task completion. These findings provide valuable guidance for practitioners and decision-makers in selecting the most appropriate work method for rock excavation projects. Furthermore, the study's results are expected to serve as a reference for developing more efficient and cost-effective work methods in the future.
Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi dalam pekerjaan konstruksi telah memunculkan berbagai metode yang lebih efisien, termasuk dalam kegiatan galian batu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan produktivitas dua metode galian batu, yaitu rock drill breaker dan blasting. Pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif diterapkan dengan pengumpulan data primer dari proyek yang menggunakan metode rock drill breaker, serta data metode blasting yang diperoleh dari referensi lokasi relevan lainnya. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan empat aspek utama, yaitu efisiensi, waktu, biaya operasional, dan produktivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua metode. Metode blasting mampu menghasilkan volume galian lebih besar per hari, namun memerlukan biaya operasional yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan rock drill breaker. Dari segi waktu, metode blasting menunjukkan kecepatan pengerjaan yang lebih unggul. Temuan ini memberikan panduan penting bagi praktisi dan pengambil keputusan dalam memilih metode kerja yang sesuai untuk proyek galian batu. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi dalam pengembangan metode kerja yang lebih efisien dan ekonomis di masa depan.
PERSEPSI PENGGUNA LAYANAN BISKITA TRANS DEPOK TERHADAP ASPEK LAYANAN BUS DAN HALTE
Authors: Mahdiyyah Zahra , Liucius Yenny Untari , Angkat Hokbyan R.S. Angkat
Published: February 2025

Transportation modes are crucial for urban mobility and the quality of life of the community. BisKita Trans Depok is one of the public transportation alternatives in Depok City. This study aims to analyze the service level of BisKita Trans Depok by considering demographic and geographic factors. BisKita Trans Depok can be used by all groups with the route from Terminal Depok Baru to Harjamukti LRT Station. Respondent data were assessed for validity and reliability and then analyzed using descriptive statistical methods and cross-tabulation methods. This study examines cross-tabulations based on gender, age, education, occupation, and frequency of BisKita Trans Depok usage, with additional factors including the number of routes, schedule alignment, comfort, on-time arrival during peak hours, and satisfaction with the condition of the bus stops. The results indicate that overall, there is a need for additional routes, while the alignment of departure schedules is already satisfying BisKita Trans Depok users. Both female and male users find BisKita Trans Depok comfortable for daily activities, and the bus stop conditions are rated by customers as needing improvements in infrastructure across the stops.
Abstrak
Moda transportasi sangat penting dalam mobilitas perkotaan dan kualitas hidup masyarakat. BisKita Trans Depok, adalah salah satu alternatif transportasi umum di Kota Depok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat layanan BisKita Trans Depok dengan mempertimbangkan faktor demografis dan geografis. Pengguna BisKita Trans Depok dapat digunakan oleh semua golongan dengan rute Terminal Depok Baru-Stasiun LRT Harjamukti. Data responden dinilai validitas dan reliabilitasnya dan kemudian dianalisis dengan metode statistik deskriptif dan metode tabulasi silang. Penelitian yang diuji ini merupakan tabulasi silang berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan frekuensi penggunaan BisKita Trans Depok dengan penambahan jumlah rute, kesesuaian jadwal keberangkatan, kenyamanan, ketepatan waktu kedatangan pada saat jam sibuk, dan kepuasan terhadap kondisi halte. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keseluruhan membutuhkan penambahan jumlah rute, kesesuaian jadwal keberangkatan yang sudah memuaskan pengguna BisKita Trans Depok, pengguna wanita maupun pria nyaman saat menggunakan BisKita Trans Depok untuk berbagai kegiatan sehari-hari, dan kondisi halte yang dinilai pelanggan perlu perbaikan beberapa infrastruktur pada halte secara merata.
ANALISIS METODE IMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS PADA FASILITAS HALTE TRANSJAKARTA KORIDOR 3
Authors: Gilland Adrian Nobel , Najid Najid , Angkat Hokbyan R.S.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of Transjakarta Corridor 3 bus stops from the perspective of passengers using the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method. The performance assessment of Transjakarta Corridor 3 bus stop facilities are based on 26 statements used to assess performance and expectations. The data used was obtained through filling out questionnaires by respondents who had used the TransJakarta Bus Corridor 3. The results of the analysis show that there are 9 statement items (34.6154%) that are in the A quadrant, namely the statements that need to be improved because they are the top priority, 7 statement items (26.9231%) that are in the B quadrant that must be maintained in performance, 3 statement items (11.5385%) that are in the C quadrant that are considered less important by users, and 7 statement items (26.9231%) that are in the D quadrant that are considered less important but have high performance. Based on the results of the analysis of passenger satisfaction with the bus stop facilities as a whole, it can be concluded that passengers are dissatisfied with most of the facilities at the Transjakarta Corridor 3 bus stops.
Abstrak
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kinerja fasilitas halte-halte Transjakarta Koridor 3 dari sudut pandang penumpang dengan menggunakan metode Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Penilaian kinerja fasilitas halte-halte Transjakarta Koridor 3 didasarkan pada 26 pernyataan yang digunakan untuk menilai kinerja dan harapan. Data yang digunakan diperoleh melalui pengisian kuesioner oleh responden yang pernah menggunakan Bus TransJakarta Koridor 3. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 9 butir pernyataan (34,6154%) yang berada di kuadran A, yaitu pernyataan yang perlu diperbaiki kinerjanya karena merupakan prioritas utama, 7 butir pernyataan (26,9231%) yang berada di kuadran B yang harus dipertahankan kinerjanya, 3 butir pernyataan (11,5385%) yang berada di kuadran C yang dianggap kurang penting oleh pengguna, dan 7 butir pernyataan (26,9231%) yang berada di kuadran D yang dianggap kurang penting namun memiliki kinerja tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kepuasan penumpang terhadap fasilitas halte secara keseluruhan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penumpang merasa tidak puas dengan sebagian besar fasilitas yang ada di halte-halte Transjakarta Koridor 3.
The Moderating Influence of Macroeconomic Policies for the Attainment of Economic Diversifications at Juba County in Central Equatoria State, South Sudan
Authors: Garnop Makur Ghak
Published: February 2025

Economic diversification was crucial for fostering sustainable development, particularly in developing regions. Macroeconomic policies – specifically monetary and fiscal policies, played a crucial role in augmenting this diversification process. This study titled Moderating Influence of Macroeconomic Policies for the Attainment of Economic Diversifications at Juba County in Central Equatoria State, South Sudan, seeks to examine the influence of monetary and fiscal policies on economic diversification.
The study covered the introduction and analytical review of the previous literature related to the study and systemically related to the objective, which explained some of the theoretical contributions from various researchers on moderating the influence of macroeconomic policies for the attainment of economic diversification at Juba County.
The methodology used in the research study included the research design, the studied area, the targeted population, respondent demographic information, sampling technique, data collection methods, data collection instruments, and ethical considerations. A survey was administered to gather data from a sample of 100 respondents.
The findings of the study contributed to the understanding of how macroeconomic policies influence diverse economic activities. The study was conducted at Juba County, situated in the Central Equatoria State of South Sudan, which showed that monetary and fiscal policies significantly impact economic diversification. The study concludes that holistic, context-aware macroeconomic policies, nested in a favorable business environment, robust institutional and legal framework, and stable political canvas influence and reshape the prospects for economic diversification.
Challenges encountered include inconsistency in the implementation of macroeconomic policies, which has often limited their potential impact on diversification; an unstable political environment often disrupts the flow of policies, affecting their effectiveness. High levels of corruption have also limited the impact of good policies, and the Lack of adequate resources to back policy decisions was another significant roadblock.
The suggested ways to enhance financial literacy and entrepreneurial skills among the local population that augment economic diversification are increased government spending on infrastructural development to spur economic activities and diversify the economy, and policies that aim to improve the ease of doing business can attract more investors, thereby promoting economic diversification.
Practicality of Collaborative Learning Strategy in Enhancing English Language Proficiency among Public Secondary School Students in Kigoma Region, Tanzania
Authors: Madaga Fadhili  , Dr. Timothy Mandila  , Dr. Peter Siamoo
Published: February 2025

This study examined the practicality of collaborative learning strategy in enhancing English language proficiency among public secondary school students in Kigoma region. Grounded in Dell Hymes' Communicative Competence Theory, a mixed research approach was employed with a convergent research design. The target population included one regional education office (REO), 168 heads of schools (HOS), 168 Heads of English Departments (HED), and 56,598 students from 158 public secondary schools. The sample consisted of one REO, 17 HOS, 17 HED, and 464 secondary school students, selected using purposive and stratified random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and English proficiency tests. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analysed through coding and thematic analysis. Reliability for quantitative research instruments was determined by Cronbach's alpha value, with a 0.78 coefficient of students’ questionnaires on Likert scale items. Reliability for qualitative instruments was determined by triangulation of research instruments. Ethical issues were maintained by getting a research permit, informed consent, confidentiality, and anonymity of information. The study revealed that peer interaction positively impacts students' English skills, and learning in pairs enhances collaboration and comfort. However, overcrowded classrooms and teachers' absence hindered group work and resulted in unrelated activities. The study concludes that pair work improves English proficiency among public secondary school students by reducing shyness and anxiety. However, the absence of teacher supervision hampered focus and engagement, leading to lower language learning outcomes and decreased confidence in English communication. Based on the conclusion, the study recommends that schools should actively promote pair work, assign specific tasks requiring conversations and idea exchange to foster active participation and provide teachers guidance for effectively modifying conversational interactions and creating a supportive learning environment.
Perceptions of Lecturers and Students on the Implementation of Virtual Learning in Universities within the Northern Zone, Tanzania
Authors: Lomunyaki Pipiyo Mollel  , Evans Ogoti  , Timothy Mandila
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to examine the perceptions of lecturers and students towards implementing virtual learning (VL) in universities within the Northern Zone of Tanzania. The study was guided by the technology acceptance model and adopted a convergent design under a mixed-method approach that enabled the collection of quantitative and qualitative data. The study targeted 6 DVCs responsible for academics, 6 system administrators, 740 lecturers and 6200 university students. The study sample consisted of 4 DVCs responsible for academics, 4 system administrators, 74 lecturers and 620 students. The DVCs and system administrators were selected using criterion purposive and expertise sampling techniques, respectively, while stratified random sampling was used to select lecturers and students. Data were collected using questionnaires, interview guides and observation guides. Research experts validated these instruments before using them for data collection. The instruments were further piloted in two universities, and the piloting results were used to estimate their reliability. The calculated reliability coefficients were 0.906 for the students' questionnaire and 0.883 for the lecturers' questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data with the aid of SPSS version 22, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically with the help of ATLASti software. The study found that both students and lecturers had positive perceptions towards implementing VL, and there was no significant difference in the perception mean scores between these two groups (p>0.05). The study concluded that positive perceptions among stakeholders were essential for the effective implementation of VL and, therefore, recommended necessary strategies aiming at enhancing positive perceptions among lecturers and students.
The Extent to Which Teachers Are Applying the Shared Decision-Making Strategy to Enhance Retention of Children under Complementary Basic Education in Tanzania in Selected Districts of Mara Region
Authors: Annamary Peter  , Eugene Lyamtane
Published: February 2025

The study investigates the extensiveness of teachers in applying a shared decision-making strategy to enhance the retention of children under Complementary Basic Education in Tanzania (COBET) in selected Districts in the Mara Region. The study was guided by one research question. A convergent design using a mixed method was used to examine the problem in question. The study targeted a population of 99 COBET centres, 99 head teachers, 133 teachers, and 898 children. The sample comprised 30 centres, 14 head teachers, 54 teachers, and 90 children, totalling 158 participants selected through probability and non-probability sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. The validity of the instruments was assured by educational experts, and the questionnaire's reliability was tested using Cronbach's Alpha (0.802). Qualitative reliability was assessed through peer review and triangulation. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including an independent t-test at 0.05 significance, were used to analyze the quantitative data, while qualitative data was thematically analyzed. The study found that teachers, to a large extent, employed a shared decision-making strategy by collaborating with children and sharing information and responsibilities to promote a sense of belonging but with minimal parental involvement. The study concludes that a shared decision-making strategy was used by teachers to enhance retention despite the minimal involvement of parents in their children's education. The school committees should support the efforts done by teachers on the use of a shared decision-making strategy by expanding the annual budget for the programme to enhance the retention of children under COBET.
Personnel Management Strategies and the Quality of Care of Employees in Faith-Based Hospitals in Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: Veronicah Njambi Thumbi  , Dr. Jedidah Muli
Published: February 2025

Most mission hospitals in Kiambu County have ineffective human resource management, which has led to almost little improvement in service delivery. There is still an emphasis on using more conventional approaches to patient care. The Kiambu County mission hospitals are severely underequipped in terms of both space and essential medical equipment. There is also an inadequate supply of medications. This has prevented the hospitals in Kiambu County from providing adequate treatment to their patients. The main goal of this study is to learn how the personnel management strategies adopted by Mission Hospitals in Kiambu County, Kenya, affect the quality of care that its employees provide to patients. The study was anchored on the concepts of work engagement, talent-based theory, human capital, service quality, and organizational learning as a framework for the study and employed descriptive research design. A closed-ended questionnaire was employed, and 318 staff members across eleven mission hospitals were involved. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis provided the empirical framework for the study. Numerous tables, including different distributions, including frequency, mean, percentage, and standard deviation, were provided by the descriptive statistics. The study concluded that talent management had a positive and statistically significant impact on the service delivery of employees in Mission Hospitals in Kiambu County, Kenya. The study recommends that hospitals implement employee retention policies to facilitate the retention of talented individuals within their workforce. This will significantly contribute to both maintaining remarkable performance and facilitating the transfer of knowledge from experienced staff to new employees. It is advisable to establish specific forms of incentives for the top performers who provide extended services to the hospitals.
Guidelines and Recommendations for Corporate Diplomats
Authors: Rodrigo Navarro  , David Rechulski
Published: February 2025

The article presents views and expert perspectives from the authors regarding art and science, which are related to the complex combination of defence of interests, reputation management, and compliance activities before key stakeholders and shareholders. In a context of growing pressure derived from positive and negative externalities, businesses and professionals responsible for performing in these arenas in an optimized way are provided with over 50 "do's & don'ts" strategic guidelines and recommendations aiming to foster reflections and insights.
Does Tax Revenue Influence the Attainment of Environmentally Sustainable Development in Sub-Saharan African Countries?
Authors: Osinowo, Olalekan Olawale  , Adegbie, Festus Folajimi  , Akintoye, Ishola Rufus  , Ogundajo, Grace Oyeyemi  , Olunuga, Olusoji David
Published: February 2025

Since the establishment of sustainable development goals in 2000, attaining environmentally sustainable development in sub-Saharan African countries has been a myth. The SDG reports revealed that SSA has only attained 44 per cent of the environmentally sustainable development target in the last twenty-one years (2001-2022). The region needed sufficient financial resources for the successful achievement of environmentally sustainable goals through the generation of adequate tax revenue. The impact of strong governance in effective management of the available funds and ensuring adherence to environmental policies is important for the successful implementation of environmentally sustainable laws and policies. This paper examined the effect of tax revenue on environmentally sustainable development using the System Generalized Moment Method for the analysis. The result showed that sufficient funds through adequate tax revenue generation are needed to attain environmentally sustainable goals in SSA. Also, the importance of strong governance cannot be overemphasized in managing natural resources and curbing environmental chaos.
The Influence of Corporate Governance Practices on Efficiency of Tax Revenue Collection in Laikipia County Government, Kenya
Authors: Collins Wandera Juma  , Joseph Kinyamjui
Published: February 2025

Effective and efficient revenue collection is essential for the smooth running of government operations. Meeting the required revenue targets helps reduce public debt and enables the advancement of development projects in a country. The revenue is raised from both tax and non-tax revenue. Various factors influence the amount of revenue raised, including good corporate governance policies. Good corporate governance policies are positively linked to higher amounts of revenue raised. These policies ensure operations and compliance with set laws. Countries set revenue targets to be met by the end of each fiscal year, yet many countries do not achieve these targets. Kenya is no exception; over the years, the revenue raised by the Kenyan Government has remained low. Currently, the country aims to achieve a tax-to-gross domestic product ratio of 17.9 in the 2023/24 fiscal year, which is too low compared to the average of the developed countries, which is 40 percent. In 2010, a new constitution was passed, which saw the formation of county governments. The operations of the county governments began in 2013. Since devolvement, Laikipia County Government has only met the revenue target from own sources twice. Hence, there is a need to analyze the effect of corporate governance practices on the efficiency of tax revenue collection in Laikipia County Government. To meet this objective, primary data was collected from 93 employees of Laikipia County Government using a self-administered questionnaire. A multiple regression analytical model was employed in the analysis. Efficiency and effectiveness were used as yardsticks that measure different dimensions of Performance. The findings showed that improvement in governance significantly influences the tax collection process, given its strong positive effect on the effectiveness of tax performance, but weakly influences efficiency. The study recommended that Laikipia County strive to improve their performance management system, which focuses on reward and recognition management and adopting a customer-centric organizational culture.
Heavy Metals Content in Dichloromethane Extract of Xerophyta spekei
Authors: Michael Musila Ndile  , Wycliffe Arika Makori  , Cromwell Mwiti Kibiti  , Mathew Piero Ngugi
Published: February 2025

Background
Xerophyta spekei is a plant species of the genus Xerophyta, belonging to the Velloziaceae family, and comprises over 200 species. While there is evidence of therapeutic benefits associated with this plant species, including antidiabetic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, there is limited data on Heavy metal constitution. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the heavy metals content of dichloromethane extract of X. spekei. Determination of heavy metals was conducted using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS).
Results
The DCM extracts of Xerophyta spekei contained Hg, Pd, Cd, Cr, Ni, and As at levels less than 0.001 mg/l, which is well below the permissible levels.
Conclusions
The findings indicate that the extract of Xerophyta spekei does not pose a threat due to heavy metal contamination.
O conhecimento sobre o teste do pezinho dos profissionais de saúde do estado do Pará
Authors: Silva Sheyla Crisina Pereira da , Barreto Bruno Acatauassu Paes , Mesquita Ricardo Paulo Pereira , Moraes Júnior Rudival Faial de
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Identificar as lacunas no conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde envolvidos direta ou indiretamente com a triagem neonatal no Estado do Pará. Métodos: Foi um estudo descritivo e quantitativo, fundamentado através do questionário semiestruturado, por meio do método “bola de neve”. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 102 profissionais da saúde (50 médicos, 28 enfermeiros, 12 técnicos de enfermagem e 12 agentes comunitários de saúde) do Estado do Pará. Com idade média igual a 41,8 anos, variando entre 23 e 73 anos e a maioria (78,4%) era do sexo feminino. As respostas com menor índice de acertos dos participantes demonstraram dificuldades relacionados às temáticas foram: o número de etapas do teste (20,6%); a fase ideal para orientar o teste (21,6%); o local de processamento de dados (31,4%); como proceder em casos de alteração (35,3%); e qual o centro de referência no Estado (41,2%). Conclusão: Conclui-se que foram encontradas fragilidades nos conhecimentos dos profissionais sobre a Triagem Neonatal no Estado, o que dificulta atingir as metas do programa, colaborando com o atraso no tratamento e aumento das sequelas de desenvolvimento nos pacientes triados.
17Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 deficiency: A single-center case series experience
Authors: Ahmed Khubaib , Mushtaq Talat
Published: February 2025

17Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (17β-HSD3) deficiency is a rare cause of disorders of sex development. It leads to an external female phenotype or varying degrees of undervirilization in XY patients. We report four cases with 17β-HSD3 deficiency, who presented at different ages with different complaints. The aim of this case series is to review the clinical, biochemical, and genetic characteristics of individuals diagnosed with 17β-HSD3 deficiency in a single tertiary center.