bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La gémellité homozygote à l’épreuve de la fin d’adolescence
Authors: Haidar Haya , Houssier Florian , Pheulpin Marie-Christine , Prigent Adam , Ikiz Simruy , Vibert Sarah
Published: December 2024

Le processus de différenciation est singulièrement ravivé à l’adolescence au service de la conquête de l’altérité, du déploiement des capacités créatives et du devenir sujet. La gémellité à l’adolescence dédouble la difficulté de l’individuation à l’égard des figures œdipiennes par un conflit aigu lié aux enjeux de séparation entre les jumeaux. Cet article porte sur une exploration du fonctionnement psychique de deux sœurs jumelles homozygotes en fin d’adolescence. L’analyse repose sur un entretien semi-structuré et des épreuves projectives dont l’analyse clinique traduit la lutte constante entre l’indifférenciation et la différenciation. Les récurrences archaïques et dépressives repérées permettent de supposer l’existence d’un « complexe d’unicité », propre à la gémellité homozygote, particulièrement mis sous tension à l’épreuve du processus de subjectivation.
L’optimisation de la distance cognitive dans les collaborations startups–grands groupes pour favoriser l’innovation : le rôle d’un accélérateur corporate dans le secteur des télécommunications
Authors: El Louadi Mohamed , Ben Romdhane Emna
Published: December 2024

Cette étude explore les difficultés pour l’innovation induites par la distance cognitive entre les startups et les grands groupes et le rôle de l’accélérateur corporate dans l’optimisation de cette distance, essentielle au développement de nouvelles idées. Sur la base d’une approche inductive centrée autour d’un cas de collaboration entre un grand groupe de télécommunications et six startups, nous présentons une nouvelle compréhension du rôle spécifique de l’accélérateur dans la variation de la distance cognitive entre les partenaires. Nous montrons que celui-ci actionne des mécanismes cognitifs et métacognitifs pouvant favoriser l’équilibre entre la compréhension mutuelle et la différence des connaissances et des manières de penser et de faire des partenaires pour préparer le terrain à l’innovation. Nous offrons des recommandations pratiques au grand groupe, à l’accélérateur et aux startups afin de relever le défi majeur de la distance cognitive qui les sépare et de favoriser ainsi des collaborations mutuellement bénéfiques. Codes JEL : D21, L14, O32
Les territoires des transitions énergétiques
Authors: Curli Barbara
Published: December 2024

Le Piémont est la région la plus « nucléaire » d’Italie par le nombre d’installations qu’on y trouve. Son histoire remonte aux années 1950 et 1960. Ce chapitre reconstitue notamment les origines du centre nucléaire de Saluggia, construit par Fiat comme première étape d’un projet plus vaste de production électronucléaire privée. La production d’isotopes radioactifs dans un petit réacteur nucléaire pour l’industrie biomédicale naissante sert aussi de prétexte à une mobilisation de grande ampleur en faveur de la qualification d’une main-d’œuvre et d’une expertise techno-scientifique pour l’industrie nucléaire par-delà le retrait ultérieur de Fiat avec la nationalisation du secteur. Elle a eu pour effet d’initier une profonde transformation de la zone de Saluggia et de sa structure sociale. Le chapitre vise à mettre en évidence cette contribution de Fiat, jusqu’ici ignorée par l’historiographie, au démarrage du projet nucléaire italien au milieu des années 1950, à l’intersection de facteurs économiques et politiques, nationaux et internationaux, en particulier dans le contexte du programme américain Atoms for Peace .
Les territoires des transitions énergétiques
Authors: Bini Elisabetta
Published: December 2024

Ce chapitre analyse les conflits qui ont accompagné la construction de la centrale nucléaire de Trino 2 dans la région du Piémont entre la moitié des années 1970 et la moitié des années 1980. Il se penche en particulier sur les liens entre le gouvernement, la société ENEL ( Ente nazionale per l’energia elettrica ) chargée de construire la centrale, la région, les communes concernées et la population locale, organisée en associations et groupes d’intérêt. Ce chapitre accorde une attention particulière à l’opposition des agriculteurs dans une zone dédiée à la riziculture. Au cours des années 1970, ces producteurs se sont en effet affirmés comme une catégorie socioprofessionnelle importante, en mesure d’influencer les décisions politiques au niveau local et régional. Ils ont encouragé une vision du territoire centrée sur une production agricole de qualité, qui était destinée à l’exportation et largement intégrée à l’économie européenne, et pour laquelle le nucléaire représentait une dangereuse menace. En faisant alliance avec différents groupes politiques et en organisant des manifestations, les agriculteurs piémontais ont réussi à freiner considérablement la construction de la centrale de Trino 2.
Ce qui se dit et s’écrit en coulisses.
Authors: Veniard Marie , Rennes Juliette
Published: December 2024

Cet article collectif est issu d’une table-ronde entre sociologues, politistes et linguistes, qui ont en commun d’avoir ethnographié des espaces militants en s’attachant notamment aux pratiques langagières mobilisées. Ils et elles explorent l’apport d’une ethnographie des pratiques langagières pour comprendre les stratégies d’alliances entre collectifs, le processus d’élaboration d’argumentaires communs, la socialisation militante, les aspects communicationnels des luttes étudiées et les formes de réflexivité discursive que ces luttes impliquent. Cet échange est aussi l’occasion d’aborder les problèmes soulevés par la publicisation de coulisses militantes par des travaux de recherche et ses effets de dévoilement dès lors qu’ils peuvent entrer en contradiction avec les intérêts des collectifs investigués. Sur ces différents points, les chercheur·es partagent leurs expériences de terrain et leurs boîtes à outils méthodologiques, analytiques et éthiques.
L’ajustement humanisé
Authors: Gemander Ariane
Published: December 2024

Cet article montre comment le Fonds monétaire international, dès les années 1990, a réajusté son discours dans un contexte de critique sociale croissante de ses programmes d’ajustement structurel. Afin de renouveler sa légitimité politique internationale, l’institution a recours à l’assimilation graduelle des idées et du vocabulaire de la contestation sociale en les adaptant à ses propres cadres normatifs et à son discours institutionnel. Il s’agit alors de rendre les préoccupations sociales et démocratiques compatibles avec les réformes macroéconomiques appliquées en échange de prêts financiers. Le cas des programmes pour la Grèce après 2008, appréhendé à partir d’une analyse de documents officiels et d’archives, constitue une illustration empirique du glissement lexical, mais de la continuité paradigmatique, dans la pratique du Fonds.
Les pathologies abarticulaires, algodystrophie, pathologies post-traumatiques, cures post-chirurgie orthopédiques : indications de la crénothérapie le point de vue du médecin thermal
Authors: Frétille Agnès , Caudal Lucie , Cowan Charles
Published: December 2024

Introduction : La cure thermale est un outil thérapeutique largement utilisé en rhumatologie et plus particulièrement dans les pathologies abarticulaires, le syndrome douloureux régional complexe (Sdrc), la pathologie post-traumatique et post chirurgicale. Méthode : Nous avons réalisé une revue de la littérature afin de rapporter les preuves existantes à ce sujet. Résultats : La cure thermale est indiquée dans les pathologies abarticulaires lorsque les traite-ments habituels sont insuffisants. Seules, certaines localisations ont été étudiées et évaluées lors d’essais cliniques randomisés (l’épaule, le coude, le poignet) les autres localisations étant des indications admises. Les principaux effets ont été mis en évidence sur la consommation de soins /d’antalgiques, la douleur, la fonction et la qualité de vie. En ce qui concerne le Sdrc, il n’y a pas d’essai clinique randomisé présent dans la littérature. Les études de cohorte retrouvées montrent que les soins thermaux permettent de diminuer la douleur et, en phase chaude, de réduire l’oedème, en phase froide, d’éviter les raideurs séquellaires. En post chirurgical du genou, une étude randomisée contrôlée réalisée après ligamentoplastie du LCA montre un bénéfice significatif de la prise en charge rééducative en milieu thermal par rapport à une rééducation conventionnelle sur la proprioception et une diminution de la latéralisation du poids du corps sur le membre sain. Conclusion  : La cure thermale, lorsque le patient est en échec des traitements de première intention est un outil thérapeutique à privilégier dans les pathologies abarticulaires, le Sdrc, la pathologie post-traumatique et post chirurgicale.
Enquête sur le manque d’informations en médecine thermale et projet de plateforme de parcours de soins en médecine thermale
Authors: Coste Barbara
Published: December 2024

Il arrive fréquemment que le médecin thermal se trouve confronté à un manque d’informations (informations incomplètes ou absentes concernant les antécédents ou les traitements du patient) pouvant le gêner dans sa pratique quotidienne. Au travers d’une enquête déclarative et descriptive, nous avons pu confirmer ce manque d’informations auprès de 350 patients. Nous proposons une solution pour y remédier avec un projet de plateforme numérique permettant un échange sécurisé d’informations entre professionnels de santé distants
Saisir les algorithmes dans l’action
Authors: Jaffeux Thomas
Published: December 2024

Les publications sur les plateformes numériques, bien qu'abondamment étudiées en sciences sociales, reposent sur des infrastructures sociotechniques de qualification dont le fonctionnement reste largement méconnu. Pourtant, selon les acteurs associés au sein d’une organisation, la gestion, la représentation et la recommandation finale d’un contenu varient considérablement. À travers la mise en visibilité des parties qui composent le système de Dailymotion, cet article propose de suivre les étapes qui font passer les vidéos de l’état d’assemblages complexes d’images, de texte, et de son, à celui de lignes inscrites dans une base de données. En prenant comme point d’entrée l’algorithme d’indexation textuelle TagMe, il montre en quoi la qualification de contenus est à la fois choisie et imposée à l’entreprise. Les orientations initiales de ses créateurs, l’ontologie computationnelle adoptée, les exigences du traitement industriel des vidéos, ou les normes publicitaires en ligne sont autant de facteurs qui définissent la configuration du système et orientent, un temps, la qualification des vidéos.
La quête de virilité : une lutte en tout genre ?
Authors: Mattont Josselin
Published: December 2024

Cet article examine la notion de virilité dans le contexte du jiu-jitsu brésilien, en soulignant la façon dont elle est vécue et incarnée par les pratiquantes et les pratiquants. Sur les tatamis que je fréquente assidûment depuis 2016, il apparaît que la virilité combattante n’est pas exclusivement masculine, mais constitue plutôt une quête collective qui transcende les catégories de genre. À travers une ethnographie menée au sein de deux clubs français, je démontre que la virilité doit d’abord être construite, puis maintenue, par le biais d’un engagement physique intense et constant. Cet engagement fait des pratiquantes et des pratiquants ce que j’ai nommé des « durs au mâle ». Toutefois, il convient de souligner que les pratiquantes doivent, quant à elles, non seulement rivaliser pour affirmer leur virilité, mais aussi gérer une double charge : celle d’être reconnues comme compétentes tout en négociant leur féminité au sein d’un environnement souvent dominé par des normes masculines. Ainsi, cette quête de virilité devient une question de perspective, révélant comment les corps féminins peuvent être perçus comme des menaces pour la virilité masculine, tout en ouvrant la voie à une redéfinition des rôles de genre dans ce contexte.
Une génération sacrifiée ?
Authors: Burckel Vincent
Published: December 2024

Les deux chapitres de cette partie s’inscrivent dans une perspective historique : il s’agit d’étudier divers aspects des incidences sur les styles de vie des jeunes des classes populaires d’une « crise de reproduction » qui s’étend sur l’espace de quatre décennies. Ce chapitre met en évidence l’apparition de générations distinctes dans les classes populaires de la « Lorraine du fer », séparées par l’effondrement de l’industrie minière et de la sidérurgie. Ce genre de transformations ne s’opère pas en un jour : le passé incorporé des « hommes du fer » survit longtemps à son obsolescence. En l’occurrence, l’intériorisation des valeurs de virilité propres à la culture d’atelier ou de chantier, associées aux usages productifs de la force physique comme force de travail – le « virilisme ouvrier » – cède progressivement la place au « virilisme agressif » des ressortissants du monde des bandes dont les valeurs de virilité associées aux usages de la force physique comme force de combat (le « capital agonistique ») ne trouvent plus à s’employer sur le marché du travail. Elles sont alors exhibées dans les parades de la culture de rue et parfois utilisées dans le « bizness ». Si l’apprentissage juvénile des conduites de virilité était « fonctionnel » par rapport à un accès précoce au monde de la mine ou de la sidérurgie, Vincent Burckel montre que le virilisme ouvrier était aussi intégrateur : il homogénéisait les ouvriers indépendamment de leurs origines. Désormais dysfonctionnel sur le marché du travail, le virilisme des jeunes désaffiliés du monde du travail (chômeurs ou précaires) est en effet distinctif : il invente un « virilisme ethnique » (« faire l’arabe ») qui compense la perte d’identité ouvrière.
Anterior Endolaser for Use With Flanged Intrascleral Haptic Fixation When Complicated by IOL Haptic Rotation or Dislocation
Authors: Chen Allison J. , Bui Alexander T. , Wender Jon D. , Hamill M. Bowes , Weikert Mitchell P.
Published: December 2024

Purpose

To describe a technique to address intraocular lens (IOL) complications associated with loss of haptic security at the optic–haptic junction.

Methods

Case series.

Results

The authors successfully used argon endolaser to secure the insertion and orientation of the haptics at the optic–haptic junction in three cases: one involving postoperative IOL tilt, the second as prophylaxis prior to performing intrascleral haptic fixation, and the third to stabilize the optic–haptic junction after spontaneous complete disinsertion followed by reinsertion of the dislocated haptic into the optic.

Conclusions

Argon endolaser may obviate the need for IOL exchange in certain cases of optic–haptic junction compromise in three-piece IOLs.

[
Journal of Refractive Surgery Case Reports
. 2024;4(4):e46–e50.]
Characterizations and properties of hyper-dual Moore-Penrose generalized inverse
Authors: Xiao Qi , Zhong Jin
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the definition of the hyper-dual Moore-Penrose generalized inverse of a hyper-dual matrix is introduced. Characterizations for the existence of the hyper-dual Moore-Penrose generalized inverse are given, and a formula for the hyper-dual Moore-Penrose generalized inverse is presented whenever it exists. Least-squares properties of the hyper-dual Moore-Penrose generalized inverse are discussed by introducing a total order of hyper-dual numbers. We also introduce the definition of a dual matrix of order $ n $. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of the Moore-Penrose generalized inverse of a dual matrix of order $ n $ is given.
AI-Based Hate Speech Detection in Albanian Social Media: New Dataset and Mobile Web Application Integration
Authors: Fetahi Endrit , Hamiti Mentor , Susuri Arsim , Ajdari Jaumin , Zenuni Xhemal
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to advance AI-based hate speech (HS) detection in the Albanian language, which is resource-limited in natural language processing (NLP). Addressing the challenge of limited data, we developed a human-annotated dataset of over 11,000 comments, carefully curated from various Albanian social media platforms, containing a substantial number of HS instances. The dataset was annotated using a detailed two-layer taxonomy to capture the complex dimensions of HS. To ensure high-quality annotations, three expert annotators applied a majority voting system, achieving a substantial Fleiss’s kappa coefficient of 0.62, underscoring the reliability and consistency of the annotations. We conducted a comparative analysis of several machine learning (ML) algorithms, including support vector machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes (NB), XGBoost, and random forest (RF), paired with various text vectorisation techniques and pre-processing methods. In binary classification, the NB model with term frequencyinverse document frequency (TF-IDF) vectorization achieved the highest performance, with an F1 score of 0.80. For multiclass classification, XGBoost outperformed other models, achieving an F1 score of 0.77. Interestingly, our experiments revealed that pre-processing steps generally reduced model performance, suggesting that raw text inputs work better for the Albanian language. Through error analysis using local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME), we identified key challenges, such as polysemy and irony, which contributed to misclassifications. To demonstrate the practical applicability of our work, we developed a user-friendly mobile web application based on the best-performing model, providing realtime HS detection with the potential for integration into social media platforms.
Frontiere oltre confine: fronti e interstizi della gestione migratoria nello spazio EurAfricano
Authors: Gaibazzi Paolo
Published: December 2024

L’articolo rivisita due concetti classici di frontiera per analizzare la delocalizzazione del controllo e della gestione delle migrazioni nello spazio Euro-Africano. Si occupa in particolar modo della cosiddetta esternalizzazione dei confini europei in Africa, partendo da ricerche etnografiche in Gambia sui rimpatri e reinserimenti assistiti dai paesi di transito sulle rotte mediterranee. Da un lato, l’articolo propone di leggere l’esternalizzazione come un fronte del controllo che avanza nel continente africano, sebbene in modo non lineare e irreversibile, e in parte ripercorrendo frontiere passate. Dall’altro, offre una prospettiva interstiziale di frontiera ispirata a Igor Kopytoff che, evitando euro- e stato-centrismo, analizza l’esternalizzazione come un processo emergente di interazione tra molteplici regimi della mobilità che avviene in spazi istituzionali spesso in/formali o opachi.
La produzione sociale di memorie marginali. I casi studio delle minoranze del Somaliland e dei giovani migranti somali in Italia
Authors: Vitturini Elia
Published: December 2024

La narrazione e la condivisione del passato rappresentano uno spazio in cui le relazioni sociali ed i repertori culturali vengono riprodotti. I gruppi somali distribuiti tra il Corno d’Africa e le molteplici diaspore hanno sviluppato diverse tipologie di laboratori sociali attraverso cui vengono elaborate e prodotte le memorie sul passato di individui e collettività. Due casi studio, approfonditi grazie a ricerche storico-etnografiche nei territori somali e in Italia, mostrano la dinamica storica di alcuni di questi laboratori che processano esperienze di subordinazione, emancipazione e marginalità. L’analisi comparativa dei due esempi ricostruisce gli elementi delle traiettorie che spingono alcune memorie ai margini ed a disconnettersi dai processi storici in atto, dal repertorio sociale e culturale dell’appartenenza somala. Si tratta delle memorie orali custodite da alcuni membri di un gruppo di status minoritario e marginalizzato nell’attuale Somaliland, e delle esperienze di viaggio dei giovani migranti giunti in Italia dal secondo decennio di questo secolo.
De Martino, apocalisse e la decolonialità. Riflessioni sulla crisi mezzo secolo dopo
Authors: Zinn Dorothy L.
Published: December 2024

Le recenti riedizioni e traduzioni del volume postumo di Ernesto de Martino La fine del mondo hanno sollecitato numerose riflessioni sull’attualità dell’opera. Questo contributo vuole inserire il dibattito sull’attualità di de Martino all’interno della cornice del pensiero decoloniale, articolando il ragionamento su quattro direttive principali. Come primo punto, si offre una rilettura della crisi demartiniana, declinata, oggi, come la crisi della bianchezza. Secondo, si considerano alcune opere etnografiche recenti con dei risvolti decoloniali, che possiamo utilmente leggere attraverso la lente del lavoro di de Martino. Il terzo punto è una presa in esame da una prospettiva decoloniale di alcune apocalissi alternative dei popoli subalterni, contemplate da de Martino solo in nuce, da una prospettiva decoloniale. Infine, si accosta il pensiero di Ernesto de Martino a quello della studiosa decoloniale Sylvia Wynter, sul tema del nuovo umanesimo.
Storia e significati della Nerezza nel Sud della Tunisia: per una nuova prospettiva
Authors: Scaglioni Marta
Published: December 2024

Dopo le rivolte popolari che hanno portato alla caduta del regime del dittatore tunisino Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali, nel paese è emerso un nuovo dibattito sulle questioni “razziali”, sulle minoranze etniche e sul razzismo. Fino ad allora questioni come la Nerezza, il razzismo contro i Neri e le discriminazioni “razziali” erano ammantate da una cultura del silenzio, e i fenomeni storici della tratta trans-sahariana e della schiavitù erano considerati eventi passati e senza ramificazioni nel presente. Al contrario, la Tunisia odierna è allo stesso tempo “post-coloniale” e “post-schiavista”, e la schiavitù ha lasciato un’eredità profonda nelle dinamiche “razziali” del paese. Questo è particolarmente visibile nel Sud del paese, in cui dei veri e proprio regimi “razziali” distinguono delle categorie sociali la cui razzializzazione intreccia il colore della pelle, l’origine e lo stato sociale. In questo articolo attraverso la storia e i significati della Nerezza tra i membri di un lignaggio nel Sud della Tunisia, il cui etnonimo richiama con chiarezza un passato schiavile. Analizzando la Nerezza come un concetto sedimentato e che si è formato da traiettorie storiche contingenti, introduco la necessità di una nuova prospettiva per indagare lo studio della “razza” in Tunisia attraverso la sua stratificazione storica e i suoi significati peculiari.
Career Counseling with Emerging Adults in the Anthropocene: Challenges of Technological and Digital Transformations
Authors: Ribeiro Marcelo Afonso , Knabem Andrea , Uvaldo Maria da Conceição Coropos , Lima Francisco Matheus Fontes de , Rodrigues Gabriela de Sá
Published: December 2024

The Anthropocene presents significant challenges for planning the future of work and for the practices that assist in this process (e.g., career guidance and counseling - CGC). Through semi-structured interviews with ten career counselors in Brazil, we aimed to systematize the main challenges generated in the Anthropocene by technological and digital transformations (TDT) and to understand the limits and possibilities of synchronous online career counseling (SOCC) with emerging adults (EAs) based on a narrative approach. We utilized Consensual Qualitative Research (CCR) as a data analysis method. Three main themes and derived categories were constructed: (1) scope of professional action, (2) counselor-client relationship- working alliance, and (3) counselor competencies. We conclude that understanding this new space-time logic of subjective and relational construction is a task to be deepened, making SOCC a strategy for confronting and emancipating the prevailing TDT logic. However, it is still an ongoing project as one of the main agenda for future studies in SOCC.
Un monde en miniature. Cinéma et consommation aux Grands Magasins Dufayel
Authors: Tralongo Stéphane
Published: December 2024

Dès le tournant des années 1900, le cinéma scelle un pacte avec les grands magasins parisiens, et en particulier avec ceux de Georges Dufayel (1855-1916), à la faveur de l’alliance féconde qui s’est établie, depuis la construction des passages au moins, entre spectacle et commerce. Dans ce contexte spécifique, l’hypothèse de cet article est que le cinéma – non seulement l’appareil « Cinématographe Lumière », mais plus largement le dispositif « cinéma » – ne fonctionne pas de manière complètement isolée, autonome, étanche aux activités de commerce et de publicité des Grands Magasins Dufayel dont il occupe l’un des espaces. S’immisçant dans les relations existantes entre spectacle et commerce, le cinéma contribue à entretenir une confusion sur la destination de l’espace commercial, et concourt ainsi à l’abolition de la frontière séparant nettement les pratiques de consommation des usages récréatifs ou instructifs du temps libre.
Ce que révèlent les programmes du Select entre 1897 et 1907
Authors: Lecointe Thierry
Published: December 2024

Le Cinématographe-Lumière du boulevard Saint-Denis ouvrit le 1er mai 1896 avant de devenir, fin 1901, le Select. L’analyse d’un corpus constitué de 31 affichettes-programmes se répartissant entre 1897 à 1907 permet d’appréhender, au regard des films diffusés et de divers autres indices, l’organisation et l’évolution des séances cinématographiques des premiers temps dans cette salle populaire. Cet article s’inscrit comme le dernier volet d’une trilogie qui a débuté avec « Les tournages multi-caméras chez Lumière » (dans Arrêt sur image, fragmentation du temps, 2002), où il s’agissait de montrer l’existence d’une forme complexe de montage de séries de vues Lumière en 1898-1899, suivi de « Courses de taureaux Lumière : une vue hors norme en 1898, chaînon essentiel dans la progression narrative du cinéma des premiers temps ? » (1895, no 80, 2016), dont l’objet était de prouver l’importance historiographique de l’une de ces séries au regard de sa diffusion internationale, séries dont il s’agit à présent de démontrer qu’elles ont préfiguré l’émergence des vues longues (futurs longs métrages) au sein des programmes cinématographiques dès l’avènement de ce médium.
The Significance of and the Justification for Developing an Own Research Profile
Authors: Mdikana Andile Alred
Published: December 2024

Any researcher needs to develop a sound research profile to boost his or her standing in the scholarly and research community. Developing a research profile starts with an idea that is brainstormed to develop a research focus. It also includes defining a research niche and stating the rationale and the aims and objectives of the research niche (University of Birmingham). It is to be hoped that emerging academics would, through this input, be in a better position to develop appealing, well thought out, well-organized and professional research profiles.
Practical Approaches to Problem Identification in Doctoral Research
Authors: Elangovan N.
Published: December 2024

This chapter advocates for an applied orientation in research in Higher education, stressing the importance of selecting relevant problems to yield actionable insights and improve business practices. The methodology of this chapter includes synthesizing literature, evaluating relevance-rigour gap, and proposing a process and a checklist to convert a real-world problem into a research problem. The proposed checklist aids in identifying pertinent problems, covering stakeholder identification, problem frequency, clarity of solutions, and research feasibility. Bridging the academia-industry gap, this approach fosters innovation and knowledge transfer, supporting evidence-based solutions. Prioritizing practical relevance and stakeholder impact enhances research quality and drives advancements. Applied doctoral research addresses real-world challenges, enhancing organizational efficiency, sustainability, and profitability. Further exploration of its impact is recommended for improved research outcomes.
Building Bridges
Authors: Doğan Miray , Konuksever Demet Deniz , Dost İrem , Arslan Hasan
Published: December 2024

This book chapter, aimed at Building Bridges: Integrating Diversity and Equality into Educational Technology, delves into the transformative potential of technology in education within the contemporary globalized milieu. It highlights the crucial role of technology in facilitating the efficient storage, processing, and application of information, serving as a pivotal yardstick for assessing a nation's developmental status. Also, the book chapter discusses technology, expanding beyond its physical aspects to encompass intellectual, psychological, legal, design, and pedagogical dimensions. Furthermore, it emphasizes the interrelationship between technologies, human cognition, and societal structures, underscoring the need for educators to harness technology effectively to promote equity and inclusion in diverse educational settings. Overall, the chapter lays the groundwork for an in-depth examination of integrating diversity and equality into educational technology, underscoring their significance in guaranteeing equitable learning opportunities for all students.
Intercultural Learning in Türkiye
Authors: Alabay Gizem Günçavdı , Polat Soner
Published: December 2024

This book chapter examines intercultural learning in modern Türkiye. Türkiye's unique position bridging Asia, Europe, and Africa has shaped its rich cultural landscape, home to a myriad of languages, ethnicities, and religions. The country's efforts to balance its secular roots with a multitude of religious beliefs, and the challenges of integrating diverse cultural perspectives into a cohesive educational framework were explored. Addressing linguistic barriers and adapting curricula to local needs are identified as key challenges. The paper highlights the significance of institutions, both governmental and non-governmental, in fostering intercultural learning and proposes a multi-faceted approach to enhance this process in Türkiye. It underscores the role of education in nurturing intercultural understanding and respect, advocating for curriculum reform, student exchanges, and teacher training in intercultural competence.
Inclusive Greek Life
Authors: Fischette A. Jordan , Waterman Mary E. , Regan Barry J.
Published: December 2024

Over 1,500 Greek-letter organizations (GLOs) exist on college and university campuses across the United States and have been present in the American higher education system for over 200 years. As a longstanding pillar of their respective communities, GLOs face pressure to modernize their established behavioral norms and codified policies to be more inclusive of individuals who identify with a marginalized group. This chapter explores the current state of leadership in the two primary types of GLOs - fraternities and sororities - and offers recommendations guided by distributive leadership (DL) to significantly improve belonging, equity, diversity, and inclusion (BEDI) efforts at both an individual and organizational level.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Digital Healthcare and Medical Industry
Authors: Singh Bhupinder
Published: December 2024

The healthcare and medicine industries are being shaped by Artificial Intelligence (AI), which is changing the game in everything from patient care to diagnostics, as well as treatment. AI-driven tools can help increase the accuracy of a diagnosis, by detecting subtle patterns in troves and troves of medical data (of which we have historical access) or spotting changes precisely on an imaging study beyond what we humans are capable. These applications include predicting disease progression or risk assessment, abnormality detection in medical images and recommendation to personalized treatments based on individual patient trips. By using AI-powered NLP, for example clinicians can automate much of their administrative recordkeeping and insurance claims so they may concentrate on patient care. AI analyzes chemical structures and predicts drug interactions in the pharmaceutical sector to speed up discovery development, cutting time cycles down while diminishing costs.
Artificial Intelligence in Cataract Diagnosis and Management With Its Future Directions
Authors: Ramya N. , Hemavathi D.
Published: December 2024

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology brings an improvement in various areas of healthcare. The application-based on AI offered significant enhancement in the efficiency and quality of patient care in multiple sectors including cataract management. Worldwide, cataract is the leading cause of the visual impairment in a person. This visual impairment is expected to increase substantially in the aging population. The procedure is limited with more time and fewer resources. It is a major complex for the countries, which depends mainly on the public medical system. The advanced technique can extract high-level features and attain better performance in cataract diagnosis. Due to these advantages, the medical system globally has begun to develop more advanced models with the assistance of AI for cataract management. The major aim is to design a novel or automated system for diagnosing the cataract disease with high effective results. Thus, the model has the ability to rapidly identify the eye disease and treat the patients accordingly, it can also prevent from blindness.
Health Monitoring System In-Home Using IoT Technology
Authors: Priyadarsini K. , Karthik S. , Jeba Sonia J. , Anbazhagu U. V. , Karthik P. C. , Saranya V. G.
Published: December 2024

This paper focuses on designing and improving a fitness tracking system using Internet of Things (IoT) strategies for patients, allowing them to stay at home while their doctors can access their critical medical measurements in near real-time. The key benefit of this system is that it enables patients to remain at home, which not only helps reduce the burden on the healthcare system but also protects doctors from exposure to potential pandemic viruses (e.g., Covid-19). In this paper, the author will analyze readily available technologies for health monitoring and internet connectivity to design an IoT-based system for monitoring patients' health. The final design prototype will include a hardware device installed in the patient's room, a backend server to collect and archive data into a database, and a web interface for doctors to monitor the patient's vital signs. Once developed, future work may focus on building a scalable server for more patients and increasing the range of health parameters that the device can measure.
Revolutionizing Heart Disease Care With AI
Authors: Mulwani Priyanshi Vikram , Bhende Manisha , Sharma Swati
Published: December 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in heart disease care is transforming the landscape of precision medicine, enabling more accurate diagnosis, improved prediction of disease progression, and personalized treatment strategies. Utilising AI in cardiology improves patient outcomes and maximises healthcare systems' efficiency. By leveraging machine learning algorithms and data analytics, AI-powered tools can analyze vast amounts of medical data, including electrocardiograms, medical images, and patient records, to identify patterns and insights that may not be apparent to human experts. This chapter explores how AI can improve heart disease care, including early detection of abnormalities through image analysis, proactive risk prediction, working with wearable devices and personalized treatment plans tailored to individual patient needs. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) enhances the management of heart disease by providing transparent insights into AI decision-making processes
Sentiment-Based Summarization of Legal Documents Using Natural Language Processing (NLP) Techniques
Authors: N. Shyamala Devi , J. Grace Hannah
Published: December 2024

This Chapter discusses the application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in the legal domain for entity identification and the generation of hierarchy-based applications. NLP techniques, such as Named Entity Recognition (NER) and information extraction, are utilized to analyse legal documents, extract key information, and understand contextual relationships. The integration of NLP facilitates tasks such as legal document summarization, contract analysis, automated document generation, and legal research, thereby enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of legal processes. The creation of hierarchical structures within documents, language translation, sentiment analysis, and compliance monitoring further contribute to the comprehensive utilization of NLP in the legal field. The abstract highlights the transformative impact of NLP in streamlining legal workflows, improving information retrieval, and ensuring compliance with evolving legal standards. Most judicial systems in the world, centered around the Supreme Court as the highest-level court, grapples with a substantial caseload, receiving over 7,500 cases annually but hearing fewer than 150. The Supreme Court's unique role in interpreting the constitutionality of laws and establishing precedents underscores its significant influence. Challenges arise from the overwhelming caseload, leading to increased use of plea bargains and potential concerns about justice. To address these issues, a proposed research initiative suggests employing machine learning and natural language processing to accelerate Supreme Court decisions, aiming to uncover pivotal aspects that greatly influence the outcomes, and enhance our comprehension on India legal system's functioning and constraints. This chapter presents a methodology for sentiment-based summarization of legal documents using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. The process involves pre-processing the text, conducting sentiment analysis to label sentences as positive, negative, or neutral, and then summarizing the document while incorporating the identified sentiments. Special attention is paid to legal-specific considerations such as terminology and context.
Social Engineering in the Digital Age
Authors: Pant Vinay Kumar , Pant Janmejay , Singh Rohit Kumar , Srivastava Saurabh
Published: December 2024

Social engineering is one of the biggest dangers in the digital world today. Attacks using social engineering are extremely dangerous to individuals and organizations by exploiting human psychology to compromise security controls to steal sensitive information. This study explores the different forms of social engineering attacks, analyzes real-world cases, and investigates the strategies attackers employ. It aims to assess the potential consequences for individuals and organizations targeted by these attacks. The study also assesses the effectiveness of current prevention methods, proposing enhanced strategies and best practices to implement measures to reduce the vulnerability with social engineering. By understanding the intricate tactics of attackers and the vulnerabilities they exploit, this research aims to provide a robust framework for improving security awareness and defense mechanisms against social engineering threats.
Exploring the Future Landscape
Authors: Dwivedi Shweta
Published: December 2024

Social engineering attacks exploit human behavior to bypass security measures, posing a growing threat in cybersecurity. This paper examines future defenses against these attacks by analyzing recent incidents and common attack vectors like phishing, pretexting, baiting, and tailgating, which leverage psychological manipulation. Key trends include AI and machine learning for real-time detection, and zero-trust architecture for stringent access controls and continuous identity verification. The development of regulatory frameworks and industry standards is also crucial for shaping effective defenses. As technology evolves, so do attack methods, necessitating comprehensive solutions that integrate technological, individual, organizational, and governmental strategies to safeguard society.
A Comprehensive Guide to Blockchain Technology and Its Role in Enhancing Cyber Security and Combating Social Engineering
Authors: Tripathi Praveen Kumar , Bharadwaj Shambhu
Published: December 2024

This book chapter will provide an in-depth exploration of blockchain technology, covering its history, fundamental principles and practical applications. The chapter begins with an introduction to the decentralized nature of blockchain, explaining how it works to provide security, immutability and transparency in a trustless environment. It also examines various types of blockchain including public, private and permissioned and explores the advantages and limitations of each. This chapter looks at the future of blockchain technology discussing emerging trends and potential developments in the field. It highlights ongoing research and development efforts aimed at improving the functionality and security of blockchain, as well as exploring new use cases and business models. Overall, this book chapter will provide a comprehensive introduction to blockchain technology, offering insights into its workings, practical applications and potential impact on various industries.
The Use of Deep Fakes in Social Engineering Attacks
Authors: Saxena Avinash , Grewal Himani
Published: December 2024

Deepfakes, a recent and compelling technique that is used in social engineering attacks, allows cybercriminals to falsify audio, videos, and video to deceive individuals. These deepfakes can be used in phishing attacks, where fake hyperlinks lure victims into providing sensitive information. Deepfakes in social engineering attacks pose a significant cybersecurity threat. This spread of falsehood and misrepresentation on social media platforms has been shown to have a significant impact, with falsehood spreading farther, faster, deeper, and more broadly than the truth. The use of deepfakes in social engineering attacks raises ethical concerns, as these technologies can be used to manipulate individuals and spread disinformation on social media networks. The present chapter highlights the types of social engineering attacks, the meaning of deepfake technology, the positive side (benefits) of deepfake technologies, and the possible threats of deepfakes, with some real-time cases of the Indian political and entertainment industry followed by possible solutions.
Challenges of Leadership in Educational Organizations for Digital Transformation
Authors: Blas Rivera Marlett Jasmin
Published: December 2024

Abstract The objective of this research is to analyze the characteristics of leadership in educational organizations for digital transformation as well as those challenges that school leaders face in carrying out the reinforcement and use of technological tools for the formation of highly prepared human capital as well as implementing technology in the management of the educational center to meet the objectives. Derived from the multiple changes left by the pandemic, one of them was undoubtedly the way to lead an educational center and at the same time, implement digital tools to improve educational processes. Therefore, school leadership plays an important role in this transformation of the digital age for the success and achievement of institutional objectives. However, it is necessary that both leaders and other members of the educational center be prepared on how to use these tools.
Challenges and Opportunities for Digital Leadership in the Transformation of Educational Organisations
Authors: Cortés Ruiz Sandra Viridiana , Pérez Muñoz Silvia Daniella
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the challenges and opportunities facing educational leaders in the context of the digital transformation of educational organisations. As digital technologies reshape the educational landscape, digital leadership emerges as a core competency to guide institutions into the future. This text examines the evolution of the concept of digital leadership, its current applications in education, and the essential competencies that leaders need to develop, such as advanced digital literacy, change management, and pedagogical innovation. Ethical and equity challenges arising from technological implementation are highlighted, including the digital divide and resistance to change, as well as opportunities for pedagogical innovation and the development of digital and soft skills. In addition, the chapter offers strategies for effective digital leadership including ongoing training, fostering an innovative organisational culture, and building collaborative and supportive networks
Digital Leadership in Organizations for Digital Transformation
Authors: Sposato Martin
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores digital leadership in the context of organizational digital transformation. It examines the evolving role of leaders in the digital age, highlighting core competencies such as visionary thinking, data-driven decision-making, and fostering innovation. The chapter discusses strategies for developing digital leadership capabilities, theoretical implications of digital leadership, and ethical considerations in the digital realm. It also addresses practical implications, including improved innovation, employee engagement, and organizational agility. The chapter concludes by identifying future research avenues, emphasizing the need for longitudinal studies, industry-specific research, and exploration of ethical dimensions in digital leadership. Throughout, it underscores the critical role of digital leadership in navigating technological change and driving organizational success.
Matrix for Assessing Key Competences
Authors: Hurtado María Elena Zepeda , Padilla Cruz Claudia Mirla , Mercado María Trinidad Cerecedo
Published: December 2024

Competency-based teaching establishes the possibility of organizing learning content into units of complete meaning, solving one problem at a time, with strong interrelations between its components. Therefore, competency-based assessment within its multiple components has advantages, allowing the assessment of competencies through criteria, indicators and performance levels using different assessment instruments. The problem identified is that there are no instruments to measure achievements in key competencies, generic competencies or soft skills. Once the key competencies have been identified according to the graduate profile, criteria, indicators and performance levels are developed that will be the origin of the proposal for a competency matrix or rubric.
AI-Generated Legal Documents
Authors: Gouri Harshit , Jindal Priyanshi , Gouri Rakshita , Gouri Vanshita
Published: December 2024

With the rising adoption of AI technology in legal practice, the legal industry stands at the threshold of a transformative era. Corporate law firms, which heavily rely on meticulous and error-free legal documentation, are at the forefront of this technological evolution. The adoption of AI technology offers substantial advantages, including increased efficiency, enhanced document accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. However, this transition raises concerns related to data privacy, quality control, and the evolving role of lawyers in the document drafting process. This article delves into the dynamic landscape of AI-generated legal documents and their implications for corporate law firms exploring variable opportunities and challenges inherent in the integration of AI-generated legal documents into corporate law firms, highlighting key recommendations, best practices, and critical considerations for managing the opportunities and challenges that AI technology presents.