bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENENTUAN WALI HAKIM DALAM PERNIKAHAN PEREMPUAN KELUARGA MUALAF PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Kasus di Kantor Urusan Agama Kecamatan Ambarawa)
Authors: Maskuri Erkham , Al Latifa Soraya
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAKPernikahan merupakan salah satu sunah Nabi Muhammad SAW. Dalam pernikahan terdapat rukun yang harus dipenuhi sebagai penentu sah ataupun tidaknya suatu pernikahan. Salah satu rukun pernikahan yang harus dipenuhi adalah wali nikah dari pihak perempuan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penentuan wali hakim dalam pernikahan perempuan dari keluarga mualaf di KUA Kecamatan Ambarawa perspektif hukum Islam.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian yuridis empiris. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumen untuk kemudian dianalisis untuk mendapatkan hasil kesimpulan.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah proses penentuan wali hakim dalam pernikahan perempuan keluarga mualaf di KUA Kecamatan Ambarawa belum sesuai dengan hukum Islam. Hal ini dikarenakan perempuan mualaf masih memliki ayah ataupun kakak yang telah memenuhi syarat untuk menjadi wali nikah. Dalam hukum Islam wali hakim dapat bertindak sebagai wali apabila telah memenuhi berbagai macam syarat yang pada kenyataannya di KUA Kecamatan Ambarawa tidak terpenuhinya syarat tersebut untuk dapat menggunakan wali hakim dalam pernikahan.Â Kata Kunci: Wali Hakim, Perempuan, Keluarga Mualaf
THE EXISTENCE AND PROBLEMATICS OF ISLAMIC LAW POST-PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Asfiyak Khoirul
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pendekatan epistemologis yang digunakan dalam format Fiqh Pandemi, dan mengkaji keistimewaan hukum Islam dan pemetaan masalah-masalah yang akan dihadapi oleh hukum Islam pada masa post-pandemi covid-19. Penelitian dalam konteks ini belum banyak dilakukan oleh sarjana muslim di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu tulisan ini sangat layak dilakukan sebagai tahap awal dalam menggagas teori fiqh pandemi. Metode penelitian ini adalah bagian dari apa yang disebut sebagai penelitian kepustakaan yang sumber data nya diperoleh dari buku, artikel dan sumber-sumber lainnya. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pendekatan epistemologis yang bisa digunakan pada gagasan pembentukan fiqh pandemi adalah bersandar pada pembacaan pada teks-teks normatif yang relevan dengan konsep kondisi dharurat dan pemanfaatan beberapa qaidah fiqhiyah yang juga berkaitan dengan kondisi dharurat. Serta dikombinasi dengan teori hukum modern yang dikembangkan oleh pemikir Barat. Sedangkan problem-problem yang dihadapi hukum Islam pasca pandemi covid-19 adalah beragam tantangan mengenai problem sosial yang bersifat kontemporer, gagasan epistemologi alternatif yang bersifat kontemporer dan adaptatif, penyediaan sumberdaya manusia (mujtahid atau ulama ahli ijtihad), implementasi maqashid al syariah, perumusan bangunan fiqh pandemi dan perumusan fiqh tematik.
PERSEPSI KELUARGA SAKINAH BAGI PASANGAN SUAMI ISTRI YANG BELUM MEMILIKI ANAK (Studi Kasus Di Dusun Lebanisuko Desa Lebanisuko Kecamatan Wringinanom Kabupaten Gresik)
Authors: Novi Mayangsari  , Muhammad Hafis
Published: July 2023

Abstrak:

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep keluarga sakinah dalam pandangan Hukum Islam, bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep keluarga sakinah dalam pandangan pasangan yang belum di karuniai keturunan, serta untuk mengetahui upaya apa saja yang dilakukan oleh pasangan keluarga yang belm dikaruniai keturunan untuk menjaga kesakinahan dalam rumah tangga di Dusun Lebanisuko Desa Lebanisuko Kecamatan Wringinanim Kabupaten Gresik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Analisis pembahasan menggunakan analisis deduktif yang diawali dengan mengemukakan teori-teori atau fakta-fakta yang bersifat umum, kemudian menarik kesimpulan untuk menjelaskan kasus-kasus di lapangan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa keluarga yang belum mempunyai anak masih sangat minim pengetahuan tentang keluarga sakinah, sebagian hanya mengetahui sekilas saja dan bahkan ada yang tidak mengetauhi sama sekali mengenai konsep keluarga sakinah. Keluarga yang belum dikaruniai seorang anak juga mengatakan bahwa anak adalah ujian, sehingga seseorang yang mempunyai anak tidak layak untuk menyombongkan. Selain sebagai ujian, juga sebagai penerus generasi serta membantu perekonomian keluarga. Adapun upaya yang dilakukan untuk mempetahankan keluarganya adalah saling sapa meskipun sedang ada masalah, saling mengalah, bersabar dalam menghadapi masalah saling mengerti satu dengan yang lain saling memahami serta selalu berdoa kepada Allah swt.

Kata Kunci : Persepsi, Perkawinan, Keluarga Sakinah, Anak.
KARAKTERISTIK DEMOGRAFI DAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA LANSIA YANG TINGGAL DI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Tantri Puspita Tantri Puspita , Hasbi Taobah Ramdani Hasbi Taobah Ramdani , Rudy Alfiyansah Rudy Alfiyansah , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Sulastini Sulastini , Sri Yekti Widadi Sri Yekti Widadi , Iin Patimah Iin Patimah , Andri Andri Nugraha , Tanti Suryawantie Tanti Suryawantie , Dimas Yusuf Abdul Karim Dimas Yusuf Abdul Karim , Dian Roslan Hidayat Dian Roslan Hidayat , Alvina Pebriyanti Alvina Pebriyanti , Devi Ratnasari Devi Ratnasari , Eldessa Vava Rilla Eldessa Vava Rilla , Putri Nuraropah Putri Nuraropah , Anisa Silfia Anisa Silfia , Cepi Supriadin Cepi Supriadin , Dian Octavia Dian Octavia , Andhika Lungguh Perceka Andhika Lungguh Perceka
Published: July 2023

Elderly health is important in relation to quality of life. Prosperous elderly has an optimal quality of life. The purpose of this community service is to find out the characteristics and diseases suffered by the elderly who live with their families. This community service is in the form of a direct survey conducted with home visits to several families with elderly or pre-elderly living in them. The results show that the majority of those surveyed were female (73%). At the level of depression, more than 50% was found with no depression. From the level of independence, almost all of them were in the independent elderly category. Family APGAR assessment shows that more than 80% were in the category of mild dysfunction or no family dysfunction. On blood pressure examination, more than half had hypertension both systolic (61%) and diastolic (56%) from degrees 1 to 3. Thus, further action is needed, especially nurses to make appropriate diagnoses and interventions for problems that arise, so that quality of life can be maintained.
Adaptasi Dakwah Islam Di Media Online Era 4.0
Authors: Muhamad Hizbullah
Published: July 2023

Da'wah as a communication activity has recently experienced a significant development, it is marked by the number of digital devices and online media that are used as a means of da'wah. Interestingly, mad'u makes online media the main reference in finding religious resources to replace the pesantren tradition by visiting teachers and kiyai directly.Da'wah through online media needs to adapt, not only from the aspect of technology and digital devices but also its content, so as to be able to counter the minimally referenced narratives circulating in online media, such as hoaxes, intolerance in the name of religion, and radicalism. Moreover, according to a Mapindo report in January 2021 in the last five years it found 13,520 hoaxes with a total loss of Rp 1.17 trillion, besides that PPIM also found that online media such as social media were used as a place to transmit conservative ideas and ideologies, religious fundamentalism, radicalism, Islamism to extremism.This article concludes that, online media da'wah must be inclusive, humanitarian, and civilized. Da'wah is no longer just a conversion but also a project of humanity and civilization. In addition, it was also found that one formulation of persuasive da'wah both through online and offline media, namely AIDDA, namely, attention, interest, desire, decision, and action. In addition, the concept of Oh Su Hyang, namely C = QXPXR, is that the communication process must begin with questions, then praise and reactions.
Gangguan Keterlambatan Berbicara (Speech Delay) Pada Anak Usia 6 Tahun Di RA An-Nuur Subang
Authors: Qurotul Aini  , Putri Alifia
Published: July 2023

Language is a form of rule or symbol system used by children in communicating and adapting to their environment to exchange ideas, thoughts and emotions. Language can be expressed through speech which refers to verbal symbols. In addition to using verbal symbols, language can also be expressed through writing, gestural signs and music. Language is basically a form of communication between humans. However, from time to time developments take place, these developments are internalized and carried out by intellectual abilities. Children are said to be late in speaking, if at the age their ability to produce sound and communicate is below the average for their age. In essence, speaking is one aspect of a child's development that starts from birth. A child's ability to communicate begins with his reaction to the sound or voice of his father and mother
American Thoracic Society (ATS) Clinical Practice Guidelines: Clinical Practice on The Cutting Edge
Authors: Meunier-McVey Natasha
Published: July 2023

AN ENGAGING session on the newly revised American Thoracic Society (ATS) Clinical Practice Guidelines: Clinical Practice on The Cutting Edge focused on key updates to the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) guidelines. The session was a workshop report defining pulmonary rehabilitation, and a technical statement on the measurement of lung volumes. Presented at the Annual ATS International Conference on May 22, 2023, the session, chaired by Mark L. Metersky, Professor of Medicine and Associate Chief of Service, Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA, delved into how evidence is used to inform diagnostic and treatment recommendations.
Investigating the resolution of water-related conflicts through local approaches in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Usman Sohaib , Saghir Aqeela , Mahmood Ch. Khalid , Tahir Muhammad
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to explore the use of local strategies by the farmers to resolve water-related conflicts in District Gujranwala of the Punjab, province. Total 384 farmers chosen at random were interviewed face to face on a structured questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics like frequency, percentages, mean and F-test. Findings indicated that distribution of canal water at farm level (x̄=3.6), water theft (x̄=3.18) and Illegal ways of usage of canal water (x̄=3.14) were the key causes of water conflicts. Whereas, Panchayat (x̄=3.90), intermarriage between the conflicting parties (x̄=3.46), Payment of compensation to victims (x̄=3.46), Political pressure (x̄=3.42), use of thana culture (x̄=3.37) and migration (x̄=3.37) were the prominent strategies adopted locally by the farmers to resolve the conflicts. This study concludes that farmers had over-reliance on the non-formal judicial system, thus a comparison of the non-formal and formal judicial systems is suggested for future researchers. Moreover, a proactive institutional role is much needed for the formal resolution of conflicts and stoppage of water theft.
Weed-competition effects on proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.): implications for the farmers
Authors: Younis Muhammad , Ikram Nabeel A. , Iqbal Shahid , Ahmed Shakeel , Ghaffar Abdul , Hasnain Zuhair , Abbas Ghulam , Chaudhary Neelam , Mubeen Aniqa , Wahid Muhammad A. , Ikram Rao M.
Published: July 2023

Climate resilient proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is viable option to mitigate increasing abiotic stresses due to climate change and food security in the long run. An experiment was conducted at research area of MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan in 2019 to evaluate the impact of weed competition on growth and yield of proso millet. Proso millet variety Upea was sown in the last week of February 2019 with 20 cm row to row spacing using 5 kg seed per acre. Experiment was comprised of treatments of weeds competition period for viz; zero competition, competition for 2 weeks after emergence (WAE), competition for 3 WAE, competition for 4 WAE, competition for 5 WAE and competition for full season. Result indicated that maximum number of weeds (plants m-2) were noted when weeds competed with proso millet for full period. Increase in total weed-dry weight was recorded when allowed the weeds to compete with crop for whole season. Highest plant height (16.18), 100-grain weight (74.72 t ha-1), crop dry matter and chlorophyll contents (16.62 t ha-1) were noted where, weeds were kept weed free throughout whole season. Highest economic yield of crop was observed where weeds were competed with crop for five weeks after emergence, and it was statistically similar with control. Maximum yield and yield components were recorded from C2 (competition for 2 weeks after emergence) was provided significant results. Likewise, highest grain yield (1890 kg/ha) were recorded under C2. Farmers should remove weeds from proso millet in two to three weeks after emergence. Extension agents should persuade farmers for the post emergence control in first 2-3 weeks of the crop.
Cardiovascular Risk Awareness and Score Among Men Between the Ages of 40 and 65
Authors: Tekin Ahmet , Koc Esra Meltem , Aksoy Hilal , Sozmen Melih Kaan
Published: July 2023

Aim: Studies on the relationship between cardiovascular disease risk level and cardiovascular disease risk factors knowledge levels are limited in the literature. Our study mainly aimed to determine the cardiovascular diseases risk level and the cardiovascular disease risk factors knowledge level of the individuals.

Methods: Males between the ages of 40 and 65, being informed about the study and agreed to participate in the study, and having cholesterol values checked in the last 3 months were included in the study. A demographic data questionnaire and Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors Knowledge Level Scale was administered to the participants by the researcher using the face-to-face interview technique. The cardiovascular risk score is calculated on the SCORE chart. SPSS 20.0 package program was used to evaluate the research data.

Results: A total of 390 male participants were included in the study. The mean SCORE risk value of the patients was 4.79±4.01. The scores were obtained from the Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors Knowledge Level scale with a mean of 18.91±3.83 and a median of 19. Educational status and monthly income were found to be effective on the Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors Knowledge Level scale score in the model. It was determined that there was a very weak negative correlation between the SCORE Risk Scores and the Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors Knowledge Level scale scores of the patients, but it was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: For the patients whose Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors Knowledge Level scale mean scores are below the median level attention can be paid to the importance and priority of raising awareness on CVD risk factors.

Keywords: risk factors for cardiovascular disease, knowledge, risk management
Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Follow-ups and Immunization: An Example from A District
Authors: Atac Omer , Tokac Ayşe Zulal , Tasci Yusuf , Sezerol Mehmet Akif
Published: July 2023

Aim: We aim to compare the past trajectory of immunization services and different types of follow-ups with their current states during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a district of Istanbul in February 2020, and included 138 Family Medicine Units. Services were compared monthly between 2019 and 2020, based on the antenatal, postpartum, infant, child follow-ups, and vaccine doses provided by the units. To examine the impact of the pandemic, the April-December periods of both years were also compared.

Results: It was found that follow-ups and immunizations were continued without any decline despite an increase in delayed vaccines. When the monthly mean number of delayed vaccines were compared, the mean number of delayed vaccines was significantly higher in April-May-June 2020 than in the same months of the previous year.

Conclusion: Performance scores of different services do not differ according to the descriptive characteristics of physicians. Although physicians are successful in services such as follow-ups, delayed vaccines are prevalent among them as well. While services that can be carried out remotely seem to be continued, services that require face-to-face contact are interrupted. Interventions should be done to ensure the sustainability of indispensable services even during extraordinary times.

Keywords: COVID-19, immunization, maternal-child health services, primary health care
Molecular characterization of multiple putative novel hepatitis B virus spliced DNA from a chronic hepatitis B patient
Authors: Xiao Yihan , Cui Zhigang , Zhou Xiaojun , Li Zongxin , Li Lihua , Wu Lixian , Sun Long , Cui Xiuji
Published: July 2023

Spliced hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA has been reported to affect the viral life cycle and progression of liver disease. As much as 30% of HBV RNA are spliced in infected cells, and some can be reverse transcribed to spliced DNA. To date, only a small number of spliced DNA have been identified and the majority require further investigation. This study aimed to identify the types of spliced DNA from the sera of a chronic hepatitis B patient. HBV DNA was isolated from the serum, and both full-length and spliced DNA were amplified by PCR. The amplified PCR products were then subcloned and sequenced using a Sanger sequence analysis. As a result, 19 types of spliced DNA were identified, 11 of which were assumed to be putative novel spliced DNA. These spliced DNA were doubly spliced with varied splice donor sites and splice acceptor sites. In addition to the frequently detected HBV SP1, SP2, and SP4, we also identified 11 putative novel spliced DNA in the serum. These findings indicate the complexity of HBV RNA splicing during viral life cycle.
Case report: Diagnosis of Talaromyces marneffei infection in an HIV-negative patient with septic shock and high-titer anti-interferon gamma autoantibodies by metagenomic next-generation sequencing
Authors: Du Rao , Feng Yinhe , Mao Hui
Published: July 2023

Background

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysfunctional response to infection from the host. Septic shock, a subset of sepsis, caused by Talaromyces marneffei infection (talaromycosis) has rarely been reported. Owing to its slow culture and low yield, talaromycosis is typically misdiagnosed in HIV-negative patients as other infections, such as tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia, and lung cancer, especially in non-endemic regions. Early and accurate diagnosis as well as efficient treatment options are required to improve prognosis.

Method

A 30-year-old HIV-negative Chinese woman from a non-endemic area of T. marneffei was initially misdiagnosed with tuberculosis. She had a poor response to anti-tuberculosis treatment. On July 16, 2022, she was admitted to our hospital; the patient developed septic shock on the third day after hospitalization and was ultimately diagnosed with talaromycosis via metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).

Result

The condition of the patient improved after appropriate treatment with amphotericin B. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results confirmed that the patient had a high-titer of anti-interferon gamma (IFN-γ) autoantibodies.

Conclusion

HIV-negative individuals with anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies typically have relapsing, refractory, and fatal infections, such as talaromycosis, which is typically misdiagnosed in the initial course of the disease. This can lead to septic shock. Clinicians should be aware that they may encounter HIV-negative patients with T. marneffei infection in non-endemic areas. Thus, mNGS is an effective technology for detecting T. marneffei infection. Additionally, the detection of anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies in these patients would aid in knowing their susceptibility to fatal infections.
Changes in SedLine-derived processed electroencephalographic parameters during hypothermia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Belletti Alessandro , Lee Dong-Kyu , Yanase Fumitaka , Naorungroj Thummaporn , Eastwood Glenn M. , Bellomo Rinaldo , Weinberg Laurence
Published: July 2023

Objective

Processed electroencephalography (pEEG) is used to monitor depth-of-anesthesia during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The SedLine device has been recently introduced for pEEG monitoring. However, the effect of hypothermia on its parameters during CPB is unknown. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate temperature-induced changes in SedLine-derived pEEG parameters during CPB.

Design

Prospective observational study.

Setting

Cardiac surgery operating theatre.

Participants

28 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB.

Interventions

We continuously measured patient state index (PSI), suppression ratio (SR), bilateral spectral edge frequency (SEF) and temperature. We used linear mixed modelling with fixed and random effects to study the interactions between pEEG parameters and core temperature.

Measurements and main results

During CPB maintenance, the median temperature was 32.1°C [interquartile range (IQR): 29.8–33.6] at the end of cooling and 32.8°C (IQR: 30.1–34.0) at rewarming initiation. For each degree Celsius change in temperature during cooling and rewarming the PSI either decreased by 0.8 points [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7–1.0; p < 0.001] or increased by 0.7 points (95% CI: 0.6–0.8; p < 0.001). The SR increased by 2.9 (95% CI: 2.3–3.4); p < 0.001) during cooling and decreased by 2.2 (95% CI: 1.7–2.7; p < 0.001) during rewarming. Changes in the SEF were not related to changes in temperature.

Conclusions

During hypothermic CPB, temperature changes led to concordant changes in the PSI. The SR increased during cooling and decreased during rewarming. Clinicians using SedLine for depth-of-anesthesia monitoring should be aware of these effects when interpreting the PSI and SR values.
Prognostic utility of 99mTc-MIBI single photon emission computerized tomography myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with ischemia and non-obstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Wang Xiao-Hui , Li Meng-Dan , Xie Fu-Xiang , Liang Huan , Yang Lu , Wei Xiao-Fei , Pang Hua , Wang Zheng-Jie , Jing Xing-Guo
Published: July 2023

Objective

The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic value of gated SPECT MPI in non-obstructed coronary arteries (INOCA) patients, sought to stratify patients more accurately and thus derive more reliable prognostic information.

Materials and methods

In total, 167 patients with INOCA were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to their SSS. Patients were followed-up regularly in terms of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), including cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, re-hospitalization with angina pectoris, and recurrent angina pectoris. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox's proportional hazards models were used to analyze survival and identify predictive factors.

Results

Adverse cardiac events occurred in 33 cases (19.8%). The rate of MACE was higher in the summed stress score (SSS) ≥4 group than in the SSS 0–3 group (30.1% vs. 9.5%, respectively, P = 0.001) and MACE-free survival was lower (annual MACE-free rates of 87.5% vs. 96.2%, respectively, P = 0.003). Event-free survival was consistently higher in patients with normal arteries than in those with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (annual MACE-free rates of 96.1% and 88.4%, P = 0.035). When the SSS and the CAG results were combined, patients with normal coronary arteries (SSS 0–3) had the best prognosis and those with non-obstructive coronary artery stenosis (SSS ≥ 4) had the worst. However, the early prognosis of patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease and SSS of 0–3 was comparable to that of patients with normal coronary arteries and SSS ≥ 4 (annual MACE-free rates of 100%, 94.6%, 93.1%, and 78.2%, respectively). Multivariate Cox's regression indicated that the SSS [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.126, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.042–1.217, P = 0.003] and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (HR = 2.559, 95% CI 1.249–5.246, P = 0.01) were predictors of adverse cardiac events.

Conclusion

SPECT MPI data were prognostic for INOCA patients, thus identifying groups at high risk. The long-term predictive efficacy of such data exceeded that of CAG data. A combination of the two measures more accurately stratified INOCA patients in terms of risk.
Application research on the prediction of tar yield of deep coal seam mining areas based on PSO-BPNN machine learning algorithm
Authors: Qiao Junwei , Wang Changjian , Su Gang , Liang Xiangyang , Dong Shenpei , Jiang Yi , Zhang Yu
Published: July 2023

There are abundant deep coal resources in northern Shaanxi, but the fragile natural environment in this area hinders the large-scale exploitation of oil-rich coal. In-situ thermal conversion of deep coal to oil and gas will become an environmentally friendly technology for oil-rich coal mining. Accurate prediction of oil-rich coal tar yield in various regions is a prerequisite. Based on a particle swarm optimization algorithm and two machine learning algorithms, BP neural network and random forest, a prediction model of tar yield from oil-rich coal is constructed in this paper. Combined with the particle swarm optimization method, the problem of slow convergence speed and possibly falling into local minimum value of BP neural network is solved and optimized. The results showed that the PSO-BP had a convergence speed about five times faster than that of the BP neural network. Furthermore, the predicted value of the PSO-BP was consistent with the measured value, and the average relative error was 4.56% lower than that of the random forest model. The advantages of fast convergence and high accuracy of the prediction model are obviously apparent. Accurate prediction of tar yield would facilitate the research process of in-situ fluidized mining of deep coal seams.
Psychometric properties of a dropout prediction tool for students in Andalusia
Authors: Hernández-Fernández Antonio , Ávalos-Ruiz Inmaculada , Pantoja-Vallejo Antonio
Published: July 2023

This article analyzes the psychometric properties of the scale used in the research corresponding to the topic “Stories of Abandonment. A Biographical-Narrative Approach to the Academic Dropout in Andalusian Universities. Multicausal Analysis and Proposals for Prevention.” The scale is composed of 71 items, with five Likert-type response alternatives. The participants forming the convenience sample were 970 from six Spanish universities. The study dimensions are: A.-Motivation, B.-Commitment, C.-Attitude and behavior, D.-Socioeconomic conditions, and finally E.-Permanence. The study begins by calculating the statistical power and the effect size, thus determining the type I and type II error. Similarly, reliability has been calculated based on the intercorrelation of items through Cronbach’s alpha (0.906). The construct validity was carried out through exploratory factor analysis, for which the correlation matrix was studied using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy (KMO coefficient), in this case the value is 0.886, the result of Bartlett’s test of sphericity is 0.000 and the Determinant 4.009E−12, so we continue with the analysis of the correlational structure, extracting the factors through the principal components method and determining in this way the communalities with the highest and lowest values. Next, we calculated the total variance explained, obtaining 16 factors and an accumulated variance of 57.315%. Finally, the model was determined by distributing the items according to the highest level of saturation by factors, obtaining a 30-item scale with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.893, which is reliable. In conclusion, the questionnaire used complies with the psychometric aspects necessary to be an optimal scale.
Social jetlag is associated with adverse cardiometabolic latent traits in early adolescence: an observational study
Authors: Pompeia Sabine , Panjeh Sareh , Louzada Fernando Mazzili , D’Almeida Vania , Hipolide Debora Cristina , Cogo-Moreira Hugo
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Adolescence is marked by physiological and social changes, such as puberty, increased responsibilities and earlier school start times. This often leads to insufficient sleep on school nights and the need to compensate for lost sleep on weekends, causing a misalignment between biological and social times, which has been termed social jetlag (SJL). SJL triggers stress responses and is associated with several negative health outcomes, including higher cardiometabolic risk in adults. In adolescence, however, SJL has only been consistently related to increases in adiposity but its association with other cardiometabolic indicators are unclear.

Method

In a sample of 278 healthy early adolescents (9-15 years of age; 168 girls) we investigated: 1) whether self-reported SJL is associated (using path analyses) with a cardiometabolic status latent factor obtained by testing the best fitting model via confirmatory factor analyses from an initial set of eight indicators [body mass index (BMI), waist/height ratio, triglyceride concentration, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio (chol/HDL), and % body fat]; and 2) whether age and/or pubertal status influence the association between SJL and cardiometabolic status.

Result

We found that, for girls, higher SJL was associated with more adverse cardiometabolic latent scores (the shared variance of BMI, waist/height ratio, chol/HDL and systolic blood pressure, which had acceptable model fit indices). However, the role of age and pubertal status in this association was unclear for both sexes.

Discussion

SJL was associated with adverse cardiometabolic latent traits beyond increases in adiposity in this observational study in early female adolescents. Because disruptions of circadian rhythms are believed to lead to dysregulated energy homeostasis and not vice-versa, our findings highlight the need for sleep interventions in adolescence to help reduce the global burden of cardiometabolic ill health, especially in girls.
Prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with nephrolithiasis and vice versa: a cumulative analysis
Authors: Jia Shunjie , Liao Jian , Wang Yucheng , Zheng Wenbiao , Jin Jinghua , Xu Weifang , Zheng Qi
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Nephrolithiasis is thought to be a risk factor for osteoporosis, but data assessing if osteoporosis predisposes to the risk of nephrolithiasis are lacking. The present study aims to investigate whether patients with nephrolithiasis have a prominently higher prevalence of osteoporosis than the controls and vice versa via a cumulative analysis.

Methods

Four databases were used to detect the eligible studies. We calculated the relative risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) to assess the combined effect. The methodologies for conducting this study followed the PRISMA guidelines and were registered in the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023395875),

Results

Nine case-control or cohort studies with a total of 454,464 participants were finally included. Combined results indicated that there was a significantly higher prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with nephrolithiasis as compared to the general population without nephrolithiasis (overall RR from six studies= 1.204, 95%CI: 1.133 to 1.28, P< 0.001; heterogeneity: I2 = 34.8%, P= 0.162). Conversely, osteoporosis was significantly correlated to an increased risk of nephrolithiasis as compared to the controls without osteoporosis (overall RR from four studies= 1.505, 95%CI: 1.309 to 1.731, P< 0.001; I2 = 89.8%, P< 0.001). Sensitivity analysis on the two categories validated the above findings. No significant publication bias was identified in this study.

Conclusions

The present study highlighted a significantly high prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with nephrolithiasis and vice versa. This reciprocal association reminded the clinicians to conduct a regular follow-up assessment when managing patients with nephrolithiasis or osteoporosis, especially for the elderly.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#searchadvanced, identifier CRD42023395875.
Flexibility resource planning of a power system considering a flexible supply–demand ratio
Authors: Zhang Xiaotian , Lu Mingxuan , Li Hua , Gao Fengxi , Zhong Chongfei , Qian Xiaoyi
Published: July 2023

Aiming at the problems of insufficient power system regulation capacity and lack of flexible resources caused by source-load uncertainty, the flexible resource planning of power systems is studied with the goal of improving flexibility. Uncertainty and flexibility are combined in this article, and a probability index of an insufficiently flexible supply-demand ratio is proposed based on the probability characteristics of flexibility. A bi-level programming model of power system flexibility resources considering the probability of an insufficiently flexible supply demand ratio is constructed. Optimal economics is used as the objective function of the planning layer, and the proposed minimum probability index of the flexible supply-demand ratio is used as the objective function of the operations layer. Economics and flexibility are studied, taking the power system in a certain area in Northeast China as the research object. A flexible resource planning scheme that meets different flexibility expectations is obtained, and the scheme is discussed in detail from the aspects of system flexibility, economic cost, and new energy consumption capacity. The effectiveness of quantitative indicators and planning methods are verified.
Gene set variation analysis-based aging and senescence score as a prognostic indicator and therapeutic guide in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lin Tao , Wang Hong , Liu Ying , Zhao Fangchao , He Xi
Published: July 2023

Accumulating evidence suggests that aging and senescence play crucial roles in tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and treatment. However, the influence of aging and senescence-related genes (ASRGs) on clinical outcomes and treatment options in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients remains unknown. Here, we developed an aging and senescence-related scoring system, ASRS, by integrating bulk transcriptome data from 22 LUAD datasets. In 3,243 LUAD samples, higher ASRS scores were associated with poor tumor stage and pathological grade, as well as shorter overall survival, disease-free survival, and recurrence-free survival. Additionally, ASRS was associated with different immune patterns in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Importantly, ASRS was found to predict therapeutic efficacy, with patients having a low ASRS benefiting from immunotherapy and those with a high ASRS responding better to chemotherapy. Therefore, ASRS represents a previously overlooked characteristic of LUAD that can influence patient outcomes and treatment success.
Comparative study of the digestion and metabolism related genes’ expression changes during the postnatal food change in different dietary mammals
Authors: Yizhen Zhuma , Chen Lei , Jie Xiaodie , Shen Fujun , Zhang Liang , Hou Yusen , Li Lu , Yan Guoqiang , Zhang Xiuyue , Yang Zhisong
Published: July 2023

The changes in the expression of genes related to digestion and metabolism may be various in different dietary mammals from juvenile to adult, especially, the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and red panda (Ailurus fulgens), which were once carnivores but have shifted to being specialized bamboo eaters, are unique features of their changes are more unclear. To elucidate the changing patterns of gene expression related to digestion and metabolism from juvenile to adult in different dietary mammals, we performed transcriptome analysis of the liver or pancreas in giant and red pandas, herbivorous rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and macaques (Macaca mulatta), carnivorous ferrets (Mustela putorius furo), and omnivorous mice (Mus musculus) from juvenile to adult. During the transition from juvenile to adulthood, giant and red pandas, as well as rabbits and macaques, show significant upregulation of key genes for carbohydrate metabolism, such as starch hydrolysis and sucrose metabolism, and unsaturated fatty acid metabolism, such as linoleic acid, while there is no significant difference in the expression of key genes for fatty acid β-oxidation. A large number of amino acid metabolism related genes were upregulated in adult rabbits and macaques compared to juveniles. While adult giant and red pandas mainly showed upregulation of key genes for arginine synthesis and downregulation of key genes for arginine and lysine degradation. In adult stages, mouse had significantly higher expression patterns in key genes for starch hydrolysis and sucrose metabolism, as well as lipid and protein metabolism. In contrast to general expectations, genes related to lipid, amino acid and protein metabolism were significantly higher expressed in adult group of ferrets, which may be related to their high metabolic levels. Our study elucidates the pattern of changes in the expression of genes related to digestion and metabolism from juvenile to adult in different dietary mammals, with giant and red pandas showing adaptations associated with specific nutritional limitations of bamboo.
Identification of a candidate dwarfing gene in Pallas, the first commercial barley cultivar generated through mutational breeding
Authors: Zakhrabekova Shakhira , Chauhan Pallavi , Dockter Christoph , Ealumalai Pavithra , Ivanova Anastasiia , Jørgensen Morten Egevang , Lu Qiongxian , Shoeva Olesya , Werner Klaudia , Hansson Mats
Published: July 2023

Many induced mutants are available in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). One of the largest groups of induced mutants is the Erectoides (ert) mutants, which is characterized by a compact and upright spike and a shortened culm. One isolated mutant, ert-k.32, generated by X-ray treatment and registered in 1958 under the named “Pallas”, was the first ever induced barley mutant to be released on the market. Its value was improved culm strength and enhanced lodging resistance. In this study, we aimed to identify the casual gene of the ert-k.32 mutant by whole genome sequencing of allelic ert-k mutants. The suggested Ert-k candidate gene, HORVU.MOREX.r3.6HG0574880, is located in the centromeric region of chromosome 6H. The gene product is an alpha/beta hydrolase with a catalytic triad in the active site composed of Ser-167, His-261 and Asp-232. In comparison to proteins derived from the Arabidopsis genome, ErtK is most similar to a thioesterase with de-S-acylation activity. This suggests that ErtK catalyzes post-translational modifications by removing fatty acids that are covalently attached to cysteine residues of target proteins involved in regulation of plant architecture and important commercial traits such as culm stability and lodging resistance.
Case Report: Immunotherapy for low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma of the pharynx
Authors: Sun Bao , Luo Zhiying , Liu Ping , He Yan , He Shasha , Liu Wenhui
Published: July 2023

Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS) characterized by the increased proliferation of myofibroblasts is a rare type of malignant myofibroblastic tumor that frequently occurs in the head and neck region. Presently, there is no consensus regarding the treatment of LGMS. Here, we report a rare case of LGMS of the pharynx in a 40-year-old male admitted to our hospital. The patient underwent resection for a right metastatic lesion and parapharyngeal mass. However, he had recurrence and multiple metastases without a surgical indication. Then the patient received the treatment of anlotinib plus pembrolizumab for 4 cycles, and there was a partial response (PR) to the treatment. Due to the adverse reaction of anlotinib, the patient subsequently received monotherapy of pembrolizumab for 22 cycles and achieved a complete response (CR). As the first case report of the immunotherapy for LGMS, our study highlights that this strategy may be of great significance to the treatment of LGMS.
Preventing bacterial disease in poultry in the post-antibiotic era: a case for innate immunity modulation as an alternative to antibiotic use
Authors: Adams James R. G. , Mehat Jai , La Ragione Roberto , Behboudi Shahriar
Published: July 2023

The widespread use of antibiotics in the poultry industry has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which pose a significant health risk to humans and animals. These public health concerns, which have led to legislation limiting antibiotic use in animals, drive the need to find alternative strategies for controlling and treating bacterial infections. Modulation of the avian innate immune system using immunostimulatory compounds provides a promising solution to enhance poultry immune responses to a broad range of bacterial infections without the risk of generating antibiotic resistance. An array of immunomodulatory compounds have been investigated for their impact on poultry performance and immune responses. However, further research is required to identify compounds capable of controlling bacterial infections without detrimentally affecting bird performance. It is also crucial to determine the safety and effectiveness of these compounds in conjunction with poultry vaccines. This review provides an overview of the various immune modulators known to enhance innate immunity against avian bacterial pathogens in chickens, and describes the mechanisms involved.
Low cross reactivity between wild type and deamidated AAV can lead to false negative results in immune monitoring T-cell assays
Authors: Bing So Jin , Warrington Stephanee , Mazor Ronit
Published: July 2023

During gene therapy trials, immune responses against adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are monitored by antibody assays that detect the humoral and T-cell mediated cellular responses to AAV vectors. T cell assays commonly utilize the collection of patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and stimulation with AAV-derived overlapping peptides. We recently described that spontaneous deamidation coincides with T cell epitopes in AAV capsids and that spontaneous deamidation may enhance or decrease immunogenicity in some individuals. This raised the concern for false negative results of antibody detection and PBMC immune monitoring assays because these assays use wild-type (WT) AAV or WT peptides for T cell re-stimulation and these peptides may not re-activate T cells that were stimulated with deamidated AAV capsid. To investigate this concern, we modeled the scenario by expanding T cells with deamidated peptides and evaluated the cross-reactivity of expanded T cells to WT peptides. In the majority of samples, cells that were expanded with deamidated peptides and restimulated with WT peptide had significantly lowered IL-2 and IFN-γ production. Spiking the four deamidated peptides to the WT peptide pool used for re-stimulation, restored the signal and corrected the performance of the assay. We also evaluated the impact of deamidation on anti AAV binding antibodies and did not observe a major impact on seroprevalence detection of AAV9. These data indicate that a high level of deamidation in AAV therapy may result in underestimation or even failure to detect immune responses against WT peptides during cellular immune monitoring.
Inhibited expression of amylases and cellulases in crabs with hepatopancreatic necrosis disease and their regulation by EcR and HR38
Authors: Ren Qian , Zhao Yuqi , Ma Xingkong , Ge Jiachun , Huang Xin
Published: July 2023

Hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (HPND) is a serious threat to the stable and sustainable development of the Chinese mitten crab farming industry. Studies have found that the hepatopancreas is the main lesion organ in HPND crabs, capable of causing metabolic abnormalities and non-feeding (starvation state). Here, four amylases (named as EsAmy1-4) and four cellulases (endo-beta-1, 4-glucanase, named as EsGlu1-4) that relate to carbohydrate metabolism were cloned from Eriocheir sinensis. Our studies found that the expressions of EsAmy1-4 and EsGlu1-4 were significantly decreased in the hepatopancreas of crabs with HPND. Moreover, the expressions of two important regulatory factors of carbohydrate metabolism, hormone receptor 38 (EsHR38) and ecdysone receptor (EsEcR), were remarkably decreased in the hepatopancreas of crabs with HPND. Further studies found that knockdown of EsHR38 and EsEcR could down-regulated the expressions of EsAmy1-4 and EsGlu1-4. In addition, downregulation of EsEcR could decrease the expression of EsHR38. Hence, HPND causes down-regulation of EsEcR expression, inhibits the transcription of EsHR38, further inhibits the expression of EsAmy1-4 and EsGlu1-4, and then leads to the abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. The abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism may result in the abnormal food intake in crabs. This study provides new evidence for further understanding the mechanism of HPND.
Post-mortem findings in Spanish patients with COVID-19; a special focus on superinfections
Authors: Ruiz-Cáceres Inmaculada , Hermida Romero Teresa , Guerra Merino Isabel , Portu Zapirain Joseba , Pérez-Mies Belén , Sánchez-Conde Matilde , Riaño Marina Alonso , Rubio Rafael , Fortés Alen Jose , Vidal González Ánxela , Salas Antón Clara , Múñez Elena , Sánchez Sánchez Rafael , Corona-Mata Diana , Aldecoa Ansorregui Iban , Miró José M. , Beloqui Pérez de Obanos Raquel , Ibero Carlos , Gómez-Román Javier , Fariñas M. Carmen , Tabuyo Bello Teresa , de Alava Enrique , Cisneros José Miguel , Matías-Guiu Xavier , Rivero Antonio ,   on behalf of the NECROCOVID Study Group
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Whole-body autopsies may be crucial to understand coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathophysiology. We aimed to analyze pathological findings in a large series of full-body autopsies, with a special focus on superinfections.

Methods

This was a prospective multicenter study that included 70 COVID-19 autopsies performed between April 2020 and February 2021. Epidemiological, clinical and pathological information was collected using a standardized case report form.

Results

Median (IQR) age was 70 (range 63.75–74.25) years and 76% of cases were males. Most patients (90%,) had at least one comorbidity prior to COVID-19 diagnosis, with vascular risk factors being the most frequent. Infectious complications were developed by 65.71% of the patients during their follow-up. Mechanical ventilation was required in most patients (75.71%) and was mainly invasive. In multivariate analyses, length of hospital stay and invasive mechanical ventilation were significantly associated with infections (p = 0.036 and p = 0.013, respectively). Necropsy findings revealed diffuse alveolar damage in the lungs, left ventricular hypertrophy in the heart, liver steatosis and pre-infection arteriosclerosis in the heart and kidneys.

Conclusion

Our study confirms the main necropsy histopathological findings attributed to COVID-19 in a large patient series, while underlining the importance of both comorbid conditions and superinfections in the pathology.