bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERENCANAAN PENAMBANGAN BATUBARA PADA PIT B SELAMA TRIWULAN I TAHUN 2019 DI PT KALIMANTAN LINTAS KHATULISTIWA
Authors: Misradin Misradin , Santoso Eko , Melati Sari
Published: April 2020

PT Kalimantan Lintas Khatulistiwa telah membuka pit di bagian selatan wilayah Izin Usaha Pertambangan Operasi Produksi. Awal tahun 2019 pit ini direncanakan dilanjutkan operasi produksinya dengan target seam B sehingga disebut Pit B. Selama triwulan I 2019, ekspansi pit dibatasi hanya menambah elevasi tanpa memperluas pit dan stripping ratio (SR) baik per bulan tidak lebih dari 2 BCM overburden per 1 ton batubara. Melalui penelitian ini disediakan rancangan pit, ramp, disposal, pushback, alat gali muat dan alat angkut untuk mencapai target produksi 150.000 ton batubara selama triwulan I tahun 2019.Perancangan pit dan pushback serta perhitungan volume overburden dan batubara dikerjakan dengan bantuan perangkat lunak Minescape menggunakan metode perhitungan blok strip dengan ukuran 25 x 20 x 5 meter. Jenjang kerja dimana alat gali muat dan angkut yang bekerja berupa Excavator Backhoe Hitachi EX350 dan Dumptruck Nissan CWB atau Hino FM260, dirancang 25 x 10 x 2,5 meter sehingga satu blok-strip dapat diselesaikan dengan 4 front. Disediakan akses jalan utama menuju pushback yang berpindah pindah setiap bulan. Kapasitas disposal disediakan lebih dari 10% dari volume overburden yang akan dibongkar selama triwulan I. Overburden dihamparkan dalam 1 lift karena lift kedua akan digunakan untuk menampung overburden pada triwulan berikutnya.Selama triwulan 1 akan ditambang 154.390,54 ton batubara dengan SR 1,35 sehingga volume overburden 209.035,57 bcm. Disposal dirancang di luar pit (outpit dump) yang terletak di sebelah barat laut Pit B dengan kapasitas 282.480,89 lcm. Bulan Januari akan ditambang 50.403,12 ton batubara dan digali 75.439,98 bcm overburden dengan SR 1,5 di bagian tenggara Pit B. Batubara disimpan di stock-ROM yang berjarak  dari 750 m, 900 m, sampai 1 Km dari front Pit B. Bulan Februari akan ditambang 51.459,62 ton batubara dan digali 42.887,64 bcm overburden dengan SR 0,83 di bagian utara Pit B. Bulan Maret akan ditambang 52.801,10 ton batubara dan digali 90.775,50 bcm overburden dengan SR 1,72 di bagian barat Pit B. Alat gali muat untuk penambangan batubara diperlukan 1 unit dan dilayani oleh 4 alat angkut. Penimbunan overburden dibagi menjadi 3 tahap, berurutan dari bagian selatan ke utara, dengan jarak angkut dari front berturut-turut dari Januari sampai Maret ±865 m, ±1013 m, dan ±1110 m. Alat gali muat untuk pembongkaran overburden diperlukan 1 unit berpasangan dengan 6 unit alat angkut yang ditambah menjadi 7 unit pada bulan Maret 2019. Desain pushback dan alat mekanis dari hasil penelitian ini realistis diterapkan untuk mencapai target penambangan Pit B selama triwulan I tahun 2019. Kata kunci: Disposal, penambangan batubara, pushback, short-term mine planning
Pelatihan Blended Learning bagi Guru di Lingkungan Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Sumber Bungur
Authors: Subaidi Agus , Zayyadi Moh , Hasanah Sri Indriati , Halim Durroh , Halim Durroh
Published: April 2020

Not all teachers in Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs)’s public of Sumber Bungur have the ability to adapt to Information and Communication of Technology(ICT) development. Especially in the management of technology-based applications.Whereas with the rapid development of technology, teachers ' knowledge of technology must be mastered in order to support success in learning. The goal of this devotion is to introduce blended learning and motivate teachers to apply technology in learning.The participants of the devotion are representatives of the teacher teachers in the subjects at MTs Sumber Bunga as many as 14 people. Before the devotion carried out the participants were given Pretests aims to know the initial knowledge of participants related to the model of learning, utilization of ICT and blended learning, the result teachers are less utilizing ICT in learning and yet Know about blended learning. Whilethe results of the dedication gained data that the participants experienced an increase in knowledge about blended learning. Participants can also utilize the app Edmodo and quiz creator that supports teachers to apply blended learning. The poll stated that participants responded well to the implementation of devotion. They want to apply blended learning in learning after knowing its usefulness.
Cibervictimización y satisfacción vital en adolescentes: la inteligencia emocional como variable mediadora
Authors: García Laura , Quintana-Orts Cirenia , Rey Lourdes
Published: April 2020

El ciberacoso ha surgido recientemente como una nueva forma de acoso escolar que se lleva a cabo en el ciberespacio, convirtiéndose en un importante problema psicosocial y generando un gran impacto sobre aquellos adolescentes que lo sufren. Ser víctima de ciberacoso puede crear un importante desajuste emocional y psicológico, afectando a áreas tan importantes como la satisfacción vital (SV). La presente investigación presenta dos objetivos: analizar las relaciones entre cibervictimización, inteligencia emocional (IE) y SV; y examinar la IE como una posible variable mediadora en la relación entre la cibervictimización y la SV. La muestra estaba formada por 731 estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, Bachillerato y Formación Profesional. Los participantes cumplimentaron tres escalas: la escala Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) para medir los niveles de IE; la escala European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionaire (ECIP-Q) para conocer los niveles de ciberacoso; y la escala Satisfaction with life Scale (SWLS) para medir los niveles de SV. Como se esperaba, los análisis de correlación mostraron que la IE se relacionaba de forma positiva y estadísticamente significativa con la SV y que la cibervictimización se asociaba de forma negativa y estadísticamente significativa con la IE y la SV. Además, los resultados del análisis de mediación indicaron que la IE (percepción intrapersonal) mediaba parcialmente la relación entre la cibervictimización y la SV. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre las implicaciones de esta investigación, tanto a nivel teórico como práctico
Impacts of a novel defensive symbiosis on the nematode host microbiome
Authors: Dahan Dylan , Preston Gail M. , Sealey Jordan , King Kayla C.
Published: April 2020

Background: Bacteria adapted to live within animals can protect their hosts against harmful infections. Beyond antagonism with pathogens, a ‘defensive’ bacterial symbiont could engage in additional interactions with other colonizing micro-organisms. A single bacterium might thus have cascading ecological impacts on the whole microbiome that are rarely investigated. Here, we assess the role of a defensive symbiont as a driver of host-associated microbiota composition by using a bacterial species (Enterococcus faecalis) that was previously experimentally adapted (Enterococcus faecalis) to a nematode host model (Caenorhabditis elegans). Results: An analysis of 16S rRNA data from C. elegans exposed to E. faecalis and subsequently reared in soil, reveal that symbiont adaptation to host environment or its protective potential had minimal impact on microbiota diversity. Whilst the abundance of Pseudomonas was higher in the microbiota of hosts with protective E.faecalis (and another protective species tested), three other genera – Serratia, Klebsiella and Salinispora – were less abundant in hosts colonized by all E. faecalis strains. In addition, the protective effect of E. faecalis against opportunistic Staphylococcus aureus pathogens was maintained despite multi-species interactions within the microbiota. Conclusions: Our results reveal the degree to which a new, evolving symbiont can colonise and maintain its conferred phenotype (i.e., pathogen-resistance) with minimal disruption to the host microbiota diversity.
Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance of maltose negative Staphylococcus aureus in South African dairy herds
Authors: Karzis Joanne , Petzer Inge-Marié , Donkin Edward F. , Naidoo Vinny , Etter Eric M. C.
Published: April 2020

Background The discovery of antimicrobials in the 1930s was one of the greatest achievements in medicine. However, bacterial resistance to antimicrobials was already observed in the 1940s and has been reported since then in both human and veterinary medicine, including in dairy cows. Many years of monitoring milk samples in South Africa, has led to the identification of a new strain of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which is maltose negative and appears to be an emerging pathogen. In this study the differences in susceptibility to antimicrobials of this strain were evaluated over time, over different seasons, in different provinces, and according to somatic cell count (SCC) categories. Results A data set of 271 maltose negative S. aureus isolates, cultured from milk samples from 117 herds out of the estimated 2000 commercial dairy herds in South Africa between 2010 and 2017, was studied using the disk diffusion method. This analysis was done using the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints in order to compare using both the previous (Intermediate category grouped with Resistant) and current definitions, (Intermediate category grouped with Susceptible). The results of the analysis between the previous and the current definitions differed for tylosin, cefalonium, oxy-tetracycline and cloxacillin. Neither the analysis using the previous nor the current systems showed an effect of province for the maltose negative S. aureus. This was in contrast to the results for maltose positive S. aureus where differences between provinces were shown in a previous study, with the lowest prevalence of resistance shown in KwaZulu-Natal during spring. For the susceptibility testing of 57 maltose negative and 57 maltose positive S. aureus isolates from 38 farms, from KwaZulu Natal, Eastern Cape and Western Cape. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results for the maltose negative S. aureus isolates confirmed the results of the disk diffusion method. Conclusions The maltose negative strains of S. aureus differed in general, in their antimicrobial resistance patterns over time, in comparison to maltose-positive S. aureus strains. MIC testing also indicated that more multidrug -resistant isolates were seen with the maltose negative S. aureus than in the maltose positive strains.
Changes in production performance, antioxidant capacity and immune status of meat ducks under different rearing systems
Authors: Guo Yifan , Wang Yushi , Liu Zhengting , Guo Xiang , Deng Yan , Ouyang Qingyuan , Liu Hehe , Hu Shenqiang , Hu Bo , Li Liang , He Hua , Xia Lu , Zhang Rongping , Wang Jiwen
Published: April 2020

Background

As potential substitutes of traditional free-range rearing, floor rearing system (FRS) and net rearing system (NRS) are currently predominant dryland rearing systems. In this study, a total of 720 Nonghua ducks were assigned to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with two rearing systems (FRS and NRS) and three ages (4w, 8w, and 13w) to study the effects of FRS and NRS on production performance, antioxidant capacity and immune status.
Results

The production performance was mainly affected at 8w. Body weight, average daily gain, eviscerated weight and semi-eviscerated weight were higher in NRS at 8w, but carcass yield was decreased at 8w and 13w (P < 0.05). Lipid deposition was enhanced in NRS with higher sebum and abdominal fat yield at 8w and 13w (P < 0.05). NRS resulted in the liver developmental retardation at 4w and decreased gizzard index at all ages (P < 0.05). Antioxidant capacity was not affected by rearing systems (P > 0.05), but a tendency of better antioxidant capacity in NRS at 4w was found, while glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was higher in NRS at 13w (P < 0.05). Spleen and thymus were promoted in NRS and immune cytokines were extensively affected by rearing system (P < 0.05), exhibiting general higher profiles of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, immunoglobulins in NRS. Serum biochemical parameters (AST, ALT, and ALP) indicated NRS was better for liver health, and in liver, ALP was higher in FRS at 13w, while ALP and IFN-γ in 13w-FRS were both higher than 4w-FRS and 8w-FRS (P < 0.05).
Conclusions

Compared with FRS, NRS was conducive to production performance and duck liver health to some extent but it had defects in visceral organ development and lipid deposition. Though antioxidant capacity was not significantly affected, NRS ducks might have better antioxidant capacity at the early stage of breeding, while GSH-Px activity was increased for scavenging excess free radicals at the later one. NRS increased the levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, immunoglobulins in serum and promoted the development of thymus and spleen to improve duck immune function. These results revealed the physiological impacts of FRS and NRS on ducks and provided a reliable reference for rearing system selection.
E3 ubiquitin ligase FBW7-mediated ubiquitination of EZH2 prevents type I diabetes in NOD mice
Authors: Tian Jiamei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Shanshan
Published: April 2020

Background

Type I diabetes (T1D) is a heritable autoimmune disease targeting pancreatic beta cells. This study explores the molecular mechanism of E3 ubiquitin ligase FBW7 in reducing the occurrence of T1D.
Methods

The protein expression of FBW7, EZH2, and ZBTB16 was quantified in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of streptozotocin-induced T1D. Next, splenocytes and pancreatic beta cells were isolated to measure production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in splenocytes, as well as islet beta-cell apoptosis. Besides, the stability of EZH2 induced by FBW7 was analyzed by cycloheximide chase assay. The binding affinity of FBW7 and EZH2 and the consequence of ubiquitination were monitored by immunoprecipitation (IP) assay. Last, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was employed to determine the accumulation of EZH2 and H3K27me3 at the ZBTB16 promoter region.
Results

We found downregulated FBW7 and ZBTB16, and upregulated EZH2 in diabetic NOD mice. Overexpression of FBW7 in the NOD mice inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the splenocytes and the apoptosis of islets beta cells. FBW7 destabilized EZH2 and accelerated ubiquitin-dependent degradation. EZH2 and H3K27me3 downregulated the ZBTB16 expression by accumulating in the ZBTB16 promoter and methylation.
Conclusion

FBW7 upregulates the expression of ZBTB16 by targeting histone methyltransferase EZH2 thus reducing the occurrence of T1D.
Identification of Genes in Patients for Predicting Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer
Authors: wei hongyun , zhang qian , chi xiaosa , yang xiaohui , tian zibin , ren linlin
Published: April 2020

BackgroundUlcerative colitis (UC) has been considered as a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, effective biomarkers for predicting UC-associated CRC are lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to screen biomarkers associated with UC-related CRC, which could be used to evaluate UC-associated CRC early, and provide possible mechanisms involved in UC-associated CRC. Efficient bioinformatics analysis could help us to explore potential biomarkers.MethodsTwo public datasets, including 44 UC without CRC samples and 17 UC-associated CRC samples were chosen from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Sva package was used to remove batch effects, and then we screened out differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with limma package. STRING and Cytoscape were used to achieve protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. The survival curves between high and low gene expression were performed by log rank test based on the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) program. The expression of three identified hub genes was validated based on Oncomine. To validate the expression of three hub genes, we compared the expression of three hub genes between normal and colorectal cancer based on Oncomine.Results405 DEGs were identified, including 256 down-regulated genes and 149 up-regulated genes in UC-associated CRC tissues. 16 hub genes were identified. And among them, RPL6, RPL7, and RPL35 were related to poor prognosis of patients in survival analysis. Higher expression of RPL6, RPL7, and RPL35 was validated in CRC tissues based on Oncomine.ConclusionsOur study showed that overexpressed RPL6, RPL7, and RPL 35 may be potential tumor oncogenes and could act as a prognostic factor in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Millennial-scale changes in sea-surface temperature and productivity along the Kuroshio–Oyashio boundary during MIS-19 based on the radiolarian record from the Chiba composite section, central Japan
Authors: Itaki Takuya , Utsuki Sakura , Haneda Yuki , Izumi Kentaro , Kubota Yoshimi , Suganuma Yusuke , Okada Makoto
Published: April 2020

A high-resolution radiolarian record from 800 to 750 ka was examined from the Chiba composite section (CbCS) of the Kokumoto Formation, including the GSSP (Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point) for the Lower–Middle Pleistocene boundary, on the Boso Peninsula, Pacific side of central Japan. Total radiolarian abundance was closely related to biological productivity in the surface layer and was observed to increase and repeatedly decrease in the millennial-scale period. Summer SST (sea-surface temperature), which was estimated based on the radiolarian assemblage, was 19°C at the end of MIS-20 (790-793 ka) and fluctuated between 21 and 26°C during MIS-19, with the warm periods tending to be synchronous with high productivity. Recent observations have revealed that productivity increases with a northward shift of the Kuroshio along the Kuroshio-Oyashio boundary zone. Therefore, high productivity in the warmer and stratified conditions during MIS-19 can be interpreted as being closely related to millennial-scale oscillations of the Kuroshio Extension. Such millennial-scale climatic changes were also recognized in southern Europe and are likely related to shifts in climate systems such as AO (Arctic Oscillations) and PDO (Pacific Decadal Oscillations).
Economic Condition Affects Breast Cancer Care- A Cross Sectional Study in Bangladesh.
Authors: Akhtar Khursheda , Hossain Kazi Jahangir , Akhtar Khodeza , Nahar Shamsun , Elahi Md Qudrat E , Hossain Sharmin , Islam Md Ariful
Published: April 2020

Background: Socio- economic condition plays a role on taking decision for cancer treatment beside this out pocket expenditure is a headache for cancer patients. For that, pattern of financial assistance for breast cancer treatment and associated factors were explored. Method: A cross sectional study was carried out with 200 samples; those were selected randomly from the listed patients who attended in the day care centre of chemotherapy. Results: Maximum respondents first visited to health care provider at II and III stage with first symptom as lump on breast or axilla, no patients came at stage I. Along with family and neighbor, social welfare also play a positive role to assist finance . Donation was the major means to collect money and two or three sources were needed at a time for collecting money. In chi square (χ 2) test, economic condition had a significant role on care seeking. Simultaneously by ANOVA it was found that mean difference was more at age 31-40 year of age. After 50 years, care seeking time was intersect, here Main effect of age was F (1, 192) = 1.92, p=0.162; Main effect of economic condition was F (3, 192) =0.27, p=0.847; Inter effect was F (2, 192) = 1.77, p=0.154. Conclusion: After knowing cancer, she and her family member become puzzled to collect money. For that necessary measure should be taken to easy availability of expenditure cost. It is recommended to launch public health insurance as soon as possible.
Overexpression of programmed cell death-1 on circulatory Th1 and Th2 cells in cardiac arrest patients in the early period after the return of spontaneous circulation
Authors: Yu Yanan , Li Chunsheng , Xie Miaorong , Tang Ziren , Li Jiabao , Hang Chenchen , Shao Fei
Published: April 2020

Background: In patients with immune disorders, the role of T-helper (Th) cells immediately following the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest is unclear. We evaluated the influence of plasma cytokine and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) expression on circulating Th1 and Th2 cells and elucidated their role in immune function immediately following ROSC. Methods: We enrolled 92 non-consecutive cardiac arrest patients that experienced ROSC between 6 and 24 h post-cardiac arrest as well as 40 healthy controls. Outcome data were collected 28 days after ROSC. Peripheral blood samples were analyzed to determine Th1 and Th2 cell counts and PD-1 expression. The plasma levels of cytokines, including interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, and IL-10 were determined. Results: Compared with those in healthy individuals, Th1 and Th2 cell counts and Th1/Th2 cell ratios in CA patients after ROSC were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). The percentages of PD-1 expression were significantly higher in Th1 and Th2 cells (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in Th1 and Th2 cell expression of PD-1 between survivors and non-survivors. Plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in ROSC patients were significantly higher during the early period (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Th1 and Th2 cell expression of PD-1 is upregulated in the period immediately following ROSC in cardiac arrest patients and may be responsible for the observed immunosuppression in these patients during this period.
Exploring phase space with Neural Importance Sampling
Authors: Bothmann Enrico , Janßen Timo , Knobbe Max , Schmale Tobias , Schumann Steffen
Published: April 2020

We present a novel approach for the integration of scattering cross sections
and the generation of partonic event samples in high-energy physics.
We propose an importance sampling technique capable of overcoming typical
deficiencies of existing approaches by incorporating neural networks.
The method guarantees full phase space coverage and the exact reproduction of
the desired target distribution, in our case given by the squared transition
matrix element.
We study the performance of the algorithm for a few representative examples,
including top-quark pair production and gluon scattering into three- and
four-gluon final states.
How to GAN away detector effects
Authors: Bellagente Marco , Butter Anja , Kasieczka Gregor , Plehn Tilman , Winterhalder Ramon
Published: April 2020

LHC analyses directly comparing data and simulated events bear the
danger of using first-principle predictions only as a black-box
part of event simulation. We show how simulations, for instance, of
detector effects can instead be inverted using generative
networks. This allows us to reconstruct parton level information
from measured events. Our results illustrate how, in general, fully
conditional generative networks can statistically invert Monte Carlo
simulations. As a technical by-product we show how a maximum mean
discrepancy loss can be staggered or cooled.
Struktur dari Garis
Authors: Agustito Denik
Published: April 2020

Dalam tulisan ini, sebuah garis L pertama kali dikontruksi melalui pemetaan bijektif f: L -> R. Pemetaan bijektif f menjadikan L menjadi sebuah ruang topologi, memberikan struktur aljabarik padanya yaitu berupa lapangan dan memberikan sebuah struktur relasional urutan yaitu berupa urutan. Kemudian sifat geometri dari garis diawali dengan mendefinisikan sebuah norma pada L hingga diperoleh bahwa garis L tersebut dapat dikonstruksi melalui sekurang-kurangnya dua titik yang berbeda padanya.

Kata kunci: aljabarik, bijektif, garis, norma, topologi, urutan.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Team Assisted Individualization Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Peserta Didik SMA
Authors: Wendra Betri , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Hilali Husni El
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran Team Assisted Individualization terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis peserta didik Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 11 Muaro Jambi pada pokok bahasan Trigonometri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain Pretest-Postest Control Group Design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Simple Random Sampling dengan jumlah sampel 15 peserta didik di kelas X MIA 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan 15 peserta didik di kelas X MIA 1 sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik tes dengan tes esai berjumlah 4 soal. Analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji 𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡 dan uji korelasi phi. Dari uji 𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡 pada taraf signifikansi 5% dan 1% diperoleh 2,05 < 4,8339 > 2,76 dan dari hasil uji korelasi phi pada taraf signifikansi 5% dan 1% diperoleh 0,361 < 0,7399 > 0,463. Artinya bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Team Assisted Individualization berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadapan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis peserta didik.

Kata kunci: pembelajaran Team Asissted Individualization, kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis.
Simulation-based modeling of urban waterlogging in Khulna City
Authors: Sarkar Showmitra Kumar , Rahman Md. Atikur , Esraz-Ul-Zannat Md. , Islam Md. Feroz
Published: April 2020

Khulna City is extremely vulnerable to the effects of climate change. The city experiences frequent waterlogging during extreme rainfall events. This research prepared a drainage simulation model considering climate change issues for investigating the extent of waterlogging in the city. Watershed and precipitation were analyzed to examine the existing scenario of the study area. Finally, a Mike Urban-based hydrological simulation model was formulated to investigate the severity of waterlogging. As found by precipitation analysis, 180 mm, 346 mm, and 396 mm rainfall might occur for the 5-year, 50-year, and 100-year return period, respectively. This research identified that volume of overland flow might be affected by climate change-induced rainfall. According to the simulation, 62.52% of the study area was waterlogged with different inundation depths. It was found that traffic movements were severely disrupted and structures were hampered due to waterlogging. 45% paved, 77% brick soling, and 65% unpaved roads were inundated by different inundation levels. On the other hand, 61.1% of structures of the study area were affected by waterlogging. The findings of the research might help the concerned authority in decision-making, especially for the drainage and water-related issues, to solve the waterlogging.
Frontera norte de México: algunas consideraciones sobre su desarrollo futuro
Authors: Cárdenas Miguel Ángel , Trava Manzanilla José Luis
Published: April 2020

El presente ensayo se concentra en un par de ideas básicas en un intento por aplicar una visión de conjunto, integrando algunos de los factores claves que intervienen en el proceso de desarrollo de la frontera. Se puede afirmar que las decisiones de inversión pública que se tomen para esta región serán seguramente el elemento de más influencia directa, aunque no el único, en su desarrollo futuro. A pesar de todas las dificultades, la frontera va a seguir siendo un imán en mayor o menor grado, para atraer población del interior del país. La frontera constituye un polo de desarrollo en donde el ecosistema se enriquece a través de la posición geográfica. Por lo anterior, es imperativo planificar, promover y ejecutar inversiones públicas y privadas productivas que permitan ―sacar partido‖, al máximo de dicha posición geográfica interpretada como un recurso. Simultáneamente, habrá que desarrollar los vastos recursos naturales disponibles.
Matrix Metalloproteinases in Invertebrates
Authors: Liu Xi , Liu Dongwu , Shen Yangyang , Huang Mujie , Gao Lili , Zhang Zonghan , Liu Baohua , Zhao Bosheng , Pang Qiuxiang
Published: April 2020

Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) belong to a family of metal-dependent endopeptidases
which contain a series of conserved pro-peptide domains and catalytic domains. MMPs have
been widely found in plants, animals, and microorganisms. MMPs are involved in regulating numerous
physiological processes, pathological processes, and immune responses. In addition,
MMPs play a key role in disease occurrence, including tumors, cardiovascular diseases, and other
diseases. Compared with invertebrate MMPs, vertebrate MMPs have diverse subtypes and complex
functions. Therefore, it is difficult to study the function of MMPs in vertebrates. However, it
is relatively easy to study invertebrate MMPs because there are fewer subtypes of MMPs in invertebrates.
In the present review, the structure and function of MMPs in invertebrates were summarized,
which will provide a theoretical basis for investigating the regulatory mechanism of
MMPs in invertebrates.
Jaceosidin: A Natural Flavone with Versatile Pharmacological and Biological Activities
Authors: Nageen Bushra , Rasul Azhar , Hussain Ghulam , Shah Muhammad A. , Anwar Haseeb , Hussain Syed M. , Uddin Md. Sahab , Sarfraz Iqra , Riaz Ammara , Selamoglu Zeliha
Published: April 2020

Nature always remains an inexhaustible source of treasures for mankind. It remains a mystery for
every challenge until the completion of the challenge. While we talk about the complicated health issues, nature
offers us a great variety of chemical scaffolds and their various moieties packed in the form of natural products
e.g., plants, microorganisms (fungi, algae, protozoa), and terrestrial vertebrates and invertebrates. This review
article is an update about jaceosidin, a bioactive flavone, from genus Artemisia. This potentially active compound
exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, antiallergic
and anti-cancer activities. The bioactivities and the therapeutic action of jaceosidin, especially the modulation
of different cell signaling pathways (ERK1/2, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt and ATM-Chk1/2) which become deregulated
in various pathological disorders, have been focused here. The reported data suggest that the bioavailability
of this anti-cancer compound should be enhanced by utilizing various chemical, biological and computational
techniques. Moreover, it is recommended that researchers and scientists should work on exploring the mode of
action of this particular flavone to precede it further as a potent anti-cancer compound.
MicroRNAs in the Blood-Brain Barrier in Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury
Authors: Shen Guofang , Ma Qingyi
Published: April 2020

Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is a leading cause of acute mortality and chronic
disability in newborns. Current evidence shows that cerebral microvascular response and compromised
blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity occur rapidly and could primarily be responsible for the
brain injury observed in many infants with HI brain injury. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of
highly conserved non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which consist of 21-25 nucleotides in length and
usually lead to suppression of target gene expression. Growing evidence has revealed that brainenriched
miRNAs act as versatile regulators of BBB dysfunctions in various neurological disorders
including neonatal HI brain injury. In the present review, we summarize the current findings regarding
the role of miRNAs in BBB impairment after hypoxia/ischemia brain injury. Specifically, we
focus on the recent progress of miRNAs in the pathologies of neonatal HI brain injury. These findings
can not only deepen our understanding of the role of miRNAs in BBB impairment in HI brain
injury, but also provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies for preservation
of BBB integrity under pathological conditions.
Automatic classification of MR brain tumor images using KNN, ANN, SVM and CNN
Authors: Rajini N Hema
Published: April 2020

A brain tumor classification system has been designed and developed. This work presents a new approach to the automated classification of astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, glioma, glioblastoma multiforme and craniopharyngioma type of brain tumors based on first order statistics and gray level co-occurrence matrix, in magnetic resonance images. The magnetic resonance feature image used for the tumor detection consists of T2-weighted magnetic resonance images for each axial slice through the head. To remove the unwanted noises in the magnetic resonance image, median filtering is used. First order statistics and gray level co-occurrence matrix-based features are extracted. Finally, k-nearest neighbor, artificial neural network, support vector machine and convolutional neural networks are used to classify the brain tumor images. The application of the proposed method for tracking tumor is demon­strated to help pathologists distinguish its type of tumor. A classification with an accuracy of 89%, 90%, 91% and 95% has been obtained by, k-nearest neighbor, artificial neural network, support vector machine and convolutional neural networks.
A new species of Ethobunus Chamberlin, 1925 (Opiliones: Zalmoxidae) from Oaxaca, Mexico, with taxonomic notes on Mexican species of the genus
Authors: Cruz-López Jesús Alberto
Published: April 2020

A new species of the genus Ethobunus Chamberlin, 1925 from Mexico is described: Ethobunus oaxacensis sp. nov. The description of this new species is based on both sexes, specimens collected from different localities of low deciduous forest in the coastal region from the state of Oaxaca. Ethobunus oaxacensis sp. nov. is compared with other two species of the genus present in Mexico: Ethobunus acanthotibialis (Goodnight & Goodnight, 1953) and Ethobunus pilosus (Goodnight & Goodnight, 1953); it is also compared with the most similar species, Ethobunus cubensis (Šilhavý, 1979) and Ethobunus kratochvili (Šilhavý, 1979), both from Cuba. Additional comments on the taxonomy of the Mexican Ethobunus and Pachylicus Roewer, 1923 are provided.
List of Illinois Crustacea
Authors: Forbes Stephen A.
Published: April 2020

The following list is to be regarded as only a first contribution to the knowledge of our crustacea, as it presents the results of a single season's work. Considering the fact that, while our streams and pools are populous with interesting forms, many of which are new, only a single species outside the genus Cambarus has heretofore been credited to the state: it is hoped that even so imperfect a paper as this may not be without its uses.
Key to the Species Mentioned in the Previous Paper
Authors: Forbes Stephen A.
Published: April 2020

Key to the Species Mentioned in the Previous Paper
The tree in winter
Authors: Brendel F. L.
Published: April 2020

The tree in winter.
A Revised Catalogue of the Birds Ascertained to Occur in Illinois
Authors: Ridgway Robert L.
Published: April 2020

A Revised Catalog of the Birds Ascertained to Occur in Illinois
Accelerating Innovation in Health Care: Insights From a Qualitative Inquiry Into United Kingdom and United States Innovation Centers (Preprint)
Authors: Cresswell Kathrin , Williams Robin , Carlile Narath , Sheikh Aziz
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Digital health innovations are being prioritized on international policy agendas in the hope that they will help to address the existing health system challenges.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to explore the setup, design, facilities, and strategic priorities of leading United Kingdom and United States health care innovation centers to identify transferable lessons for accelerating their creation and maximizing their impact.

METHODS

We conducted qualitative case studies consisting of semistructured, audio-recorded interviews with decision makers and center staff in 6 innovation centers. We also conducted nonparticipant observations of meetings and center tours, where we took field notes. Qualitative data were analyzed initially within and then across cases facilitated by QSR International’s NVivo software.

RESULTS

The centers had different institutional arrangements, including university-associated institutes or innovation laboratories, business accelerators or incubators, and academic health science partnership models. We conducted interviews with 34 individuals, 1 group interview with 3 participants, and observations of 4 meetings. Although the centers differed significantly in relation to their mission, structure, and governance, we observed key common characteristics. These included high-level leadership support and incentives to engage in innovation activities, a clear mission to address identified gaps within their respective organizational and health system settings, physical spaces that facilitated networking through open-door policies, flat managerial structures characterized by new organizational roles for which boundary spanning was key, and a wider innovation ecosystem that was strategically and proactively engaged with the center facilitating external partnerships.

CONCLUSIONS

Although innovation in health care settings is unpredictable, we offer insights that may help those establishing innovation centers. The key in this respect is the ability to support different kinds of innovations at different stages through adequate support structures, including the development of new career pathways.
Adolescent Peer Influence on Eating Behaviors via Social Media: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Chung Alicia , Vieira Dorice , Donley Tiffany , Tan Nicholas , Jean-Louis Girardin , Kiely Gouley Kathleen , Seixas Azizi
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

The influence of social media among adolescent peer groups can be a powerful change agent.

OBJECTIVE

Our scoping review aimed to elucidate the ways in which social media use among adolescent peers influences eating behaviors.

METHODS

A scoping review of the literature of articles published from journal inception to 2019 was performed by searching PubMed (ie, MEDLINE), Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and other databases. The review was conducted in three steps: (1) identification of the research question and clarification of criteria using the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) framework; (2) selection of articles from the literature using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines; and (3) charting and summarizing information from selected articles. PubMed’s Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Embase’s Emtree subject headings were reviewed along with specific keywords to construct a comprehensive search strategy. Subject headings and keywords were based on adolescent age groups, social media platforms, and eating behaviors. After screening 1387 peer-reviewed articles, 37 articles were assessed for eligibility. Participant age, gender, study location, social media channels utilized, user volume, and content themes related to findings were extracted from the articles.

RESULTS

Six articles met the final inclusion criteria. A final sample size of 1225 adolescents (aged 10 to 19 years) from the United States, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Portugal, Brazil, and Australia were included in controlled and qualitative studies. Instagram and Facebook were among the most popular social media platforms that influenced healthful eating behaviors (ie, fruit and vegetable intake) as well as unhealthful eating behaviors related to fast food advertising. Online forums served as accessible channels for eating disorder relapse prevention among youth. Social media influence converged around four central themes: (1) visual appeal, (2) content dissemination, (3) socialized digital connections, and (4) adolescent marketer influencers.

CONCLUSIONS

Adolescent peer influence in social media environments spans the spectrum of healthy eating (ie, pathological) to eating disorders (ie, nonpathological). Strategic network-driven approaches should be considered for engaging adolescents in the promotion of positive dietary behaviors.
Digital Tools to Ameliorate Psychological Symptoms Associated With COVID-19: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Melvyn , Smith Helen Elizabeth
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

In the four months after the discovery of the index case of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), several studies highlighted the psychological impact of COVID-19 on frontline health care workers and on members of the general public. It is evident from these studies that individuals experienced elevated levels of anxiety and depression in the acute phase, when they first became aware of the pandemic, and that the psychological distress persisted into subsequent weeks. It is becoming apparent that technological tools such as SMS text messages, web-based interventions, mobile interventions, and conversational agents can help ameliorate psychological distress in the workplace and in society. To our knowledge, there are few publications describing how digital tools have been used to ameliorate psychological symptoms among individuals.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this review was to identify existing SMS text message, web-based, mobile, and conversational agents that the general public can access to ameliorate the psychological symptoms they are experiencing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

To identify digital tools that were published specifically for COVID-19, a search was performed in the PubMed and MEDLINE databases from the inception of the databases through June 17, 2020. The following search strings were used: “NCOV OR 2019-nCoV OR SARS-CoV-2 OR Coronavirus OR COVID19 OR COVID” and “mHealth OR eHealth OR text”. Another search was conducted in PubMed and MEDLINE to identify existing digital tools for depression and anxiety disorders. A web-based search engine (Google) was used to identify if the cited web-based interventions could be accessed. A mobile app search engine, App Annie, was used to determine if the identified mobile apps were commercially available.
Results: A total of 6 studies were identified. Of the 6 identified web-based interventions, 5 websites (83%) could be accessed. Of the 32 identified mobile interventions, 7 apps (22%) could be accessed. Of the 7 identified conversational agents, only 2 (29%) could be accessed.

RESULTS

A total of 6 studies were identified. Of the 6 identified web-based interventions, 5 websites (83%) could be accessed. Of the 32 identified mobile interventions, 7 apps (22%) could be accessed. Of the 7 identified conversational agents, only 2 (29%) could be accessed.

CONCLUSIONS

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant psychological distress. Digital tools that are commercially available may be useful for at-risk individuals or individuals with pre-existing psychiatric symptoms.
Препараты гиалуроновой кислоты в системе реабилитационного лечения повреждений хряща после артроскопических операций на коленном суставе
Authors: Bolkhovitin P.V. , Belostotskyi A.I. , Bolkhovitin M.P.
Published: April 2020

В статье представлено исследование эффективности препарата гиалуроновой кислоты proFLEX INTRA при проведении реабилитационных мероприятий после артроскопических вмешательств у пациентов с повреждением суставного хряща коленного сустава. В исследовании приняли участие мужчины и женщины в возрасте от 18 до 70 лет с артрозом коленного сустава 1–2-й стадии по Kellgren — Lawrence и повреждением хряща 2–4-й степени по R. Outerbridge, которым по различным причинам были проведены артроскопические оперативные вмешательства. Пациенты были случайным образом распределены в основную (30 человек) и контрольную (30 человек) группы. Пациентам основной группы на 14-й день после артроскопического вмешательства на коленном суставе внутрисуставно вводили 3 мл proFLEX INTRA («Дельта Медикел Промоушнз АГ», Швейцария), 20 мг/мл. Установлено, что исследуемый препарат оказывает значительный терапевтический эффект при повреждениях суставного хряща, что проявляется в уменьшении выраженности болевого синдрома по визуальной аналоговой шкале; восстановлении функции поврежденного сустава, оцененной по времени прохождения дистанции 30 м и индексу по шкале Лекена; в уменьшении выраженности воспалительных и дистрофических проявлений в биохимическом анализе крови.
Экспериментальное исследование механических свойств материалов в виде гранул и чипсов для заполнения костных дефектов
Authors: Filippenko V.A. , Mezentsev V.O. , Karpinsky M.Yu. , Karpinska O.D.
Published: April 2020

Актуальность. Одним из осложнений при выполнении эндопротезирования является наличие костных дефектов в зоне установки компонентов эндопротеза. Этот факт негативно влияет на прочность их фиксации и взаимоориентацию между компонентами эндопротеза и костями. Для заполнения таких дефектов используют ауто- или аллокость, цемент, керамику, металл, углерод, полимеры и др. Для заполнения относительно небольших дефектов используют эти материалы в виде сыпучей субстанции: чипсы, гранулы. Но прочностные свойства материалов в виде гранул и чипсов значительно отличаются от цельного блока из того же материала. Цель: изу-чить в эксперименте механические свойства материалов в виде гранул и чипсов для заполнения костных дефектов. Материалы и методы. Исследовали такие материалы: губчатую кость, гидроксилапатитную керамику, бифазную керамику, и смеси: кортикальная + губчатая кость, гидроксилапатитная керамика + губчатая кость, бифазная керамика + губчатая кость. Все материалы были представлены в виде шарообразных гранул диаметром 6–8 мм. В эксперименте испытывали по 5 образцов каждого материала. Результаты. В результате проведенного экспериментального исследования были получены значения величин просадки материалов для заполнения костных дефектов под влиянием сжимающей нагрузки и рассчитаны величины относительной деформации для каждого материала. Проведенный дисперсионный анализ показал, что по показателям относительной деформации исследуемые материалы статистически значимо отличались друг от друга при каждой величине нагрузки. Выводы. Результаты проведенного исследования показали, что под воздействием сжимающих нагрузок среди исследованных сыпучих заполнителей костных дефектов наименьшую величину относительной деформации показали гранулы из гидросилапатитной (6,37 %) и бифазной (10,2 %) керамики. Наибольшую относительную деформацию показали заполнители на основе костной ткани губчатой (до 17,46 %) и кортикально-губчатой (до 16,89 %). Костно-керамическая смесь по величине относительной деформации (15,71 %) занимает промежуточную позицию, но ближе к заполнителям из костной ткани.
Расчет прочностных характеристик композитного материала на основе полилактида, трикальцийфосфата и гидроксиапатита
Authors: Khvisyuk O.N. , Pavlov O.D. , Karpinsky M.Yu. , Karpinska O.D.
Published: April 2020

Актуальность. В ортопедии и травматологии для изготовления винтов и фиксационных штифтов, пластин и анкеров, кейджей все чаще используются полимерные материалы, которые резорбируются и растворяются в биологических жидкостях. Часто используют имплантаты из L-полимолочной кислоты. Повысить качество биоматериалов на основе полилактида (PLA) возможно путем введения в их состав керамических материалов. Однако имплантаты с различным процентным соотношением и составом керамического материала различаются свойствами прочности. Цель: рассчитать механические характеристики композитного материала на основе PLA трикальцийфосфата (ТКФ) и гидроксиапатита (ГА) и выбрать его оптимальный состав для изготовления пластин для остеосинтеза длинных костей. Материалы и методы. Проведен расчет модуля упругости композитных материалов с различным содержанием керамических компонентов, а также определены геометрические параметры пластин для накостного остеосинтеза из выбранного композитного материала. Результаты. Оптимальным может быть вариант материала с процентным составом PLA — 70 %, ТКФ — 20 % и ГА — 10 %. Такой материал не требует значительного увеличения толщины пластины, но сохранит достаточные текучие свойства для использования в 3D-принтере. Для обеспечения жесткости фиксации отломков голени на уровне пластины из титана пластину из композитного материала на основе PLA, 20 % трикальцийфосфата и 10 % гидроксиапатита необходимо изготовить в два раза толще, чем титановую. Выводы. Примесь 20 % трикальцийфосфата и 10 % гидроксиапатита к PLA позволяет повысить модуль упругости материала до 19,91 ГПа. Пластины из чистого PLA слишком мягкие и должны быть в три раза толще титановых для обеспечения аналогичной жесткости фиксации. Композитный материал с примесью 20 % трикальцийфосфата и 10 % гидроксиапатита позволяет уменьшить необходимую толщину пластин для остеосинтеза голени на 30 %.