bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA extraction from dermatophytes using the Macherey-Nagel NucleoSpin™ Blood QuickPure kit (REF: 740569) v1
Authors: El Moussaoui Khalid
Published: May 2022

This protocol describes the steps necessary to extract and purify genomic DNA from dermatophytes (and more specifically from dermatophytes of the genus Trichophyton).
DNA extraction from dermatophytes using the Qiagen DNEasy™ UltraClean Microbial kit (REF: 12224-50) v1
Authors: El Moussaoui Khalid
Published: May 2022

This protocol describes the steps necessary to extract and purify genomic DNA from dermatophytes (and more specifically from dermatophytes of the genus Trichophyton).
Monitoring of Citrobacter rodentiumshed from infected mice using luminometry and viable counts v1
Authors: Read Hannah
Published: May 2022

Citrobacter rodentium is a Gram-negative bacterium which infects laboratory mice in a similar way to how enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) infect humans. As a gastrointestinal pathogen, C. rodentium is shed in the stools of infected animals. This allows in vivo infection dynamics to be monitored by plating out the bacteria present in shed stools. We routinely use a bioluminescent derivative of C. rodentium called ICC180 which contains the lux operon from Photorhabdus luminescens. This allows us to monitor infection dynamics using luminometry too.
[RETRACTED] Refine 365 Keto Gummies Reviews -Is It Scam or Legit? v1
Authors: not provided Refineketogummy
Published: May 2022

[RETRACTED]

Refine 365 Keto Gummies Reviews -Is It Scam or Legit?
University language education: Lessons of forced transition to teaching online
Authors: Yastrebova E. B. , Chigasheva M. A. , Evteev S. V.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The unexpected transition to online teaching in spring 2020 resulted in educational institutions differently equipped in terms of technology, methodology and academic staff preparedness. Moreover, educational institutions faced with a totally new working environment. One may assume that during the pandemic, education systems of most countries crossed the Rubicon, and now there is no going back. What learning and teaching will be like in the future depends, to a large extent, on the lessons the teaching community will learn.

The aim of the research was to find out how successful the emergency transition to teaching foreign languages online was and to identify technological resources necessary to maintain the quality of foreign language teaching and learning in different educational formats.

Methodology and research methods. The research was carried out in line with the learner- centered activity approach and principles of distant teaching and learning; it also included analysis of online teaching practices across the world before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research data was collected via three surveys conducted (with Google forms) among foreign language teachers of MGIMO University (1329 questionnaires) in April, June and September, 2020; 15 heads of foreign language(s) departments (July 2020), and 201 MGIMO students (September 2020). The data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics: correlation and cross tabulation analyses, linear regression analysis, and ANOVA.

Results. In the course of the research, the correlations between class activities, selfstudy assignments, forms of assessment, and students’ engagement in learning have been established; as well as the fact that individual approach in teaching has a positive effect on students’ activity, responsibility and academic independence. Furthermore, the problems in online teaching have been identified: classes were not communicative enough, nor teaching sufficiently individualised; besides, the quality of assessment declined with the transition to online learning format.

Scientific novelty. An attempt has been made to evaluate the experience of remote teaching foreign languages at university level after the emergency shift to online learning format, and to find out its potential for maintaining (and, in prospect, improving) the quality of language education.

Practical significance. Class activities, self-study assignments and forms of testing found the most effective in this research can be of use to foreign language teachers working online. The need to provide individual trajectories for students to develop communicative competence in a foreign language has been established, which is important for course, programme and teaching materials designers.
Online learning: Attitudes of Russian students
Authors: Rudenkin D. V.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Active using of Internet technologies in the process of learning has become one of the most characteristic trends in the development of Russian education system over the past few years. The spread of this trend is facilitated by both the internal patterns of the development of Russian educational institutions and the need to transfer the learning process to a distance learning format, which arose under quarantine measures due to the Covid-19 pandemic. At the same time, it remains difficult to say, whether this process meets the real needs of students or not.

The aim of the article is to identify and describe the main sentiments that arise in the environment of Russian students in connection with the growing role of the Internet in the learning process.

Methodology and research methods. The present research is based on a complex methodology and uses both theoretical and empirical methods of analysis. The conceptual framework and the initial hypothesis of the research are determined on the basis of an analytical review of current papers in the area of psychology and sociology of education, which was implemented by using of common scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, and generalisation. The peculiarities of the actual attitudes of students to online learning were revealed using a mass survey of students in Ekaterinburg (N = 526) and an in-depth psychodiagnostic questionnaire conducted among students at the Ural State Pedagogical University (N = 120).

Results. In the course of the research, it was established that the increasing internetisation of the learning process does not correspond to the real needs and patterns of behaviour of the majority of students and is perceived by them rather negatively. It was possible to find out that Russian researchers are used to considering modern students as a special generation of people, who have grown up in the conditions of the widespread spread of Internet technologies, who are accustomed to using such technologies very actively and are in need of their application within the framework of the learning process. However, the analysis of real moods of the students demonstrated that such a view is only partly true. Although many of them are really accustomed to actively using the Internet in their daily lives, most of them do not express real demand for using of it into the learning process.

Scientific novelty. The authors substantiate skepticism about the intensive implementation of Internet technologies in the process of learning. The argument for the inconsistency of online learning with the real needs and patterns of behaviour of student representatives is presented. The need to carefully introduce Internet technologies into the learning process is recognised.

Practical significance. The research materials can be used for the optimisation of Internet technologies implementation in the learning process and for the clarification of optimal algorithms for using such technologies when working with students.
The influence of perceived social loafing on knowledge sharing intentions among college students
Authors: Duong N. T. , Pham Thi T. D.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. From the students’ perspective, social loafing has also become a major challenge and problem in group tasks in the classroom. Social loafing may affect students’ enthusiasm and attitude to share knowledge.

Aim. This study aims to investigate the mediating effects of knowledge sharing (KS) attitudes on the relationships between KS intentions, perceived social loafing, and learning goal orientation.

Methodology and research methods. This study used a game-based team learning situation to explore the students’ KS attitudes and intentions. Questionnaires were also delivered to 336 students in business colleges in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The authors used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with bootstrapping estimation to test all the hypotheses.

Results and scientific novelty. The findings show that (1) perceived social loafing has a negative influence on KS attitudes and intentions; (2) learning goal orientation has a positive influence on KS attitudes and intentions; (3) KS attitudes have mediating effects on the relationships of perceived social loafing, learning goal orientation and KS intentions.

Scientific novelty. This study uses business simulation games as team learning activities to verify the impact of students’ attitudes and intentions on KS in the context of perceived social loafing.

Practical significance. Based on the findings, the authors suggest that teachers should not only enhance students’ learning goal orientation, decrease perceived social loafing to promote the intention to share knowledge in teams, but also make students have positive attitudes towards KS.
The importance of partnership management to improve school-to-work transition readiness among vocational high school graduates
Authors: Mahmudah F. N. , Baswedan A. A.-G.R. , Usman H. , Mardapi D. , Putra E. C.S.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The large number of unemployed vocational graduates at this time is a matter of consideration for vocational high school to manage the programme well. This is important because vocational high schools need the help of other institutions to collaborate in improving student competencies.

Aim. This research aimed to reveal the forms of partnership and partnership management framework that can be used between vocational high school and industry.

Methodology and research methods. This study uses a qualitative method with a multiple case study approach. This research was conducted in vocational high school and industrial enterprises. To determine the participants, the purposive sampling was used. The research was conducted in six stages applying the case study model design from K. R. Yin (plan, design, preparation, data collection, analysis, sharing research results). Data triangulation was employed to establish the validity of research results. Data analysis was carried out with the help of ATLAS.ti Software version 8.3.

Results and scientific novelty. The results of this research showed that the forms of partnership that can be used between vocational high school and industry are internship, industrial learning, work-based learning, and experiential learning. The partnership framework needed are planning, organising, actuating and monitoring, coordinating, and evaluating. The novelty from this research is a cooperation model for vocational high school to improving student competence according to industry needs. The model is also one part of the relevant objectives of vocational high schools for industry.

Practical significance. The current research is useful for the Ministry of Education of Indonesia, vocational high schools, and industry, especially policy makers in decision making, principals, and Human Resources Development (HRD) in industry. A significant benefit is related to the importance of partnerships that need to be developed through joint programmes. This partnership is necessary to strengthen relationships between different roles (school and industry) to prepare vocational high school graduates in the transition from school-to-work in industry.
Characteristics tests of cerebrospinal fluid cytology, chemistry and bacteriology in invasive paediatric bacterial meningitis in Madagascar
Authors: Rahajamanana Lalaina V. , Andriatahiana Dera S. , Andrianjakasolo Paulin , Raboba Liliane J. , Ratovohery Andry N. , Rasamindrakotroka Andry
Published: May 2022

Background: Paediatric bacterial meningitis is a major public health problem. CSF laboratory analysis is the key element to confirm the disease but remains difficult to access by clinicians or patients in low-resource settings. We described CSF biological tests results in invasive paediatric bacterial meningitis at the University Hospital Mother and Child of Tsaralalàna (CHUMET) in Madagascar.Methods: In this retrospective and descriptive study from January 2013 to December 2018, all CSF samples that were confirmed for bacterial meningitis by triplex PCR Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis were enrolled. CSF collected from eligible children were tested by microscopy, culture, soluble antigen at CHUMET laboratory. Residual CSF was referred to the regional reference laboratory (RRL) for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmatory testing and serotyping.Results: Over the 6-year study period, 2286 CSF were tested by PCR, 141 (6.1%) were positive. The age group of (1-12 months) was the most affected (68.0%). The majority of CSF were cloudy with pleiocytosis >100/mm3. Hyperproteinorrhea >1 g/l was noted in 48.2% of cases. The sensitivity of gram stain was respectively 56.6% and 75% for Pneumococcus and Meningococcus detection while for culture it was 28.3% and 66.6%, respectively. The average white cell count was notably higher in meningococcal meningitis and changed significantly according to the pathogens identified (p=0.007).Conclusions: Paediatric bacterial meningitis diagnosis are based on CSF laboratory testing. Accessibility to multiplex PCR point-of-care tests targeting meningitis pathogens should be made easier for laboratories in low-income countries to improve patient care, monitor pathogen trends and vaccine impact program..
Laboratory confirmed shigellosis in Malagasy children
Authors: Rahajamanana Lalaina V. , Andrianjakasolo Paulin , Andriatahiana Dera S. , Ravaoarisaina Zakasoa , Raboba Liliane J. , Rasamindrakotroka Andry
Published: May 2022

Background: Diarrheal diseases are a major public health problem in developing countries with high mortality and morbidity rates, especially among children. Shigella species is the leading cause of paediatric bacterial diarrhea and shigellosis data are very scarce in Madagascar.Methods: A 3 year retrospective study from January 2018 to December 2020, at the University Hospital Mother and Child Tsaralalàna laboratory was performed to assess the bacteriological and epidemiological characteristics of laboratory confirmed shigellosis cases.Results: During the study period, 298 stool samples were examined, of which 48 (16.1%) were positive for Shigella sp. The mean age of infected children was 29.7 months, predominantly in the 24-59 months age group. The infection was found mainly in male children (56.2%). Most isolates of Shigella sp showed resistance to co-trimoxazole and amoxicillin. All the strains were susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins. Of the isolated Shigella sp, 14 strains were tested for species identification and serotyping, twelve of which were Shigella flexneri and two were Shigella sonnei. The most frequent serotypes were S. flexneri 1b and 2a.Conclusions: This study found a Shigella sp positivity rate of 16.1%. This pathogen frequently infects infants age group. Bacteriology laboratory surveillance and a multicenter survey are essential to control the spread of drug-resistant Shigella and to monitor circulating strains and the burden of this disease. Awareness of water, hygiene and sanitation (WASH) and community water supply is also necessary to reduce this infection.
Over-expression of EPB41L3 promotes apoptosis of human cervical carcinoma cells through PI3K/AKT signaling
Authors: Tuerxun Gulixian , Abulimiti Tangnuer , Abudurexiti Guligeina , Abuduxikuer Guzhanuer , Zhang Yuanyuan , Abulizi Guzalinuer
Published: May 2022

Background: Cervical cancer is a significant malignancy of the female reproductive system. This study aimed to investigate the functions of Erythrocyte Membrane Protein Band 4.1 Like 3 (EPB41L3) in cervical cancer and to explore its underlying mechanisms. Methods and Results: Expression of EPB41L3 in cervical cancer was analyzed by in-depth mining in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) clinical sequencing database. Patients with high expression of EPB41L3 had a good prognosis. EPB41L3 was overexpressed in HeLa and SiHa cells by a chemically synthesized lentivirus; its overexpression significantly inhibited cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis of HeLa and SiHa cells, and suppressed tumorigenesis in nude mice bearing HeLa cells. The results of microarray analysis showed that EPB41L3 overexpression led to marked gene expression changes, including 258 up-regulated genes and 168 down-regulated genes. Furthermore, EPB41L3 overexpression inhibited PI3K and AKT phosphorylation, leading to the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Conclusions: EPB41L3 overexpression inhibits cell proliferation, promotes apoptosis of cervical cancer cells, and suppresses tumorigenicity in vivo. Our findings suggest that EPB41L3 might be a new diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
Hydrogen peroxide is formed upon cooking of vegetables
Authors: Bartosz Grzegorz , Rajzer Klaudia , Grzesik-Pietrasiewicz Michalina , Sadowska-Bartosz Izabela
Published: May 2022

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is generated under autoxidation of some components of beverages including flavonoids and ascorbate, especially in tea and coffee. As polyphenols are also present in solid food, especially in vegetables, we checked whether hydrogen peroxide is generated during cooking of several common vegetables. The formation of hydrogen peroxide was found in the decoctions of all cooked vegetables studied except for potato and in the homogenates of cooked vegetables except for garlic and purple potato. The highest concentration of hydrogen peroxide in 1:2 (w/v) homogenates was found for the broad bean (73.4±9.0 µM) followed by broccoli (18.6±0.3 µM), onion (10.4±1.6 µM) and leek (10.0±0.3 µM), while the H2O2 concentration in the decoctions was the highest for broccoli (24.4±0.8 µM), then for broad bean (21.4±1.1 µM), carrot (13.2±0.2 µM) and cauliflower (12.6±1.2 µM).
Factors Associated with Infant Mortality due to Congenital Anomalies: A Population-Based Case-Control Study
Authors: Zolfizadeh Fatemeh , Ghorbani Maryam , Soltani Maryam , Rezaeian Shahab , Rajabi Abdolhalim , Etemad Koorosh , Hajipour Mahmoud , Ghasemi Ali , Yaghoobi Halimeh
Published: May 2022

Background: Congenital anomalies are one of the major public health problems and one of the leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity. We aimed to investigate some factors associated with infant mortality due to congenital anomalies in several provinces of Iran.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 2199 women referring health centers of nine provinces of Iran 2015-2018. Cases were defined as mothers with infant death due to congenital anomalies, and control group comprised of mothers with live birth or infant deaths due to other causes (n=1986). The descriptive data were expressed as percentage and frequency. Factors associated with infant death due to congenital anomalies were evaluated and analyzed at 95% confidence level by logistic regression analysis.
Results: The multiple logistic regression analysis reveal that history of cesarean delivery [OR:2.13 ;95%CI (1.58-2.87)], maternal age [OR:1.94 ;95%CI (1.31-2.86)])], area of living [OR: 1.69;95%CI (1.22-2.33)], maternal smoking during pregnancy [OR: 1.41; 95%CI (1.02-1.95)], consanguineous marriage [OR:1.53;95%CI (1.12-2.08)], also low birth weight [OR: 3.09; 95%CI (2.23-4.30)] were significantly associated with infant death due to congenital anomalies.
Conclusion: Identification of factors associated with congenital anomalies has been shown to reduce treatment costs and medical complications of neonates. Therefore, genetic counseling and educational programs for high-risk women, and prenatal screening are essential to identify and prevent factors contributing to congenital abnormalities.
Post-Exposure Prophylactic Vaccination against Rabies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ahmad Norfazilah , Mohammed Nawi Azmawati , Jamhari Mohd Nazrin , Nurumal Siti Rohani , Mansor Juliana , Ahmad Zamzuri Mohd ‘Ammar Ihsan , Yin Teh Li , Hassan Mohd Rohaizat
Published: May 2022

Background: Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is an effective method for preventing rabies, a highly fatal infection in exposed persons. Malaysia is currently using the purified Vero cell rabies vaccine (PVRV). Nonetheless, there are other commercially available vaccine types and regimens. This systematic review aimed at comparing the effectiveness of the different PEP vaccines, regimens and routes of administration among Asian populations.
Methods: We systematically reviewed the PubMed and Web of Science databases for articles reporting on the effectiveness of PEP vaccination against rabies among Asian populations between 2015 and 2019.
Results: Our search identified 11 relevant studies. Majority of study either used PCECV or PVRV type of vaccine, with different regimes and method. All are non-inferior to the other. Most of the studies recorded adequate response by Day 14 of vaccination. Nonetheless, the intradermal (ID) vaccination used minimal volume of vaccine used in all settings, thus cost less and the concurrent administration of RIG to the wound(s) doesn’t affect the RVNA GMT response.
Conclusion: PCECV, using either the Essen or Zagreb regimen, might be a useful alternative for the healthy population in the context of PVRV shortage, especially during an outbreak. Use of the Zagreb or Thai Red Cross (TRC) regimens can be considered (either PVRV or PCECV), as both demonstrate good immunogenic outcomes in Asian populations.
The Prediction Models for High-Risk Population of Stroke Based on Logistic Regressive Analysis and Lightgbm Algorithm Separately
Authors: Xue Yicheng , Chen Silong , Zhang Mengmeng , Cai Xiaojuan , Zheng Jialian , Wang Shihua , Chen Yan
Published: May 2022

Background: We aimed to investigate the high-risk factors of stroke through logistic regressive analysis and using LightGBM algorithm separately. The results of the two models were compared for instructing the prevention of stroke.
Methods: Samples of residents older than 40 years of age were collected from two medical examination centers in Jiaxing, China from 2018 to 2019. Among the total 2124 subjects, 1059 subjects were middle-aged people (40-59 years old) and 1065 subjects were elder-aged people (≥60 years old). Their demographic characteristics, medical history, family history, eating habits etc. were recorded and separately input into logistic regressive analysis and LightGBM algorithm to build the prediction models of high-risk population of stroke. Four values including F1 score, accuracy, recall rate and AUROC were compared between the two models.
Results: The risk factors of stroke were positively correlated with age, while negatively correlated with the frequency of fruit consumption and taste preference. People with low-salt diet were associated with less risk of stroke than those with high-salt diet, and male had higher stroke risk than female. Meanwhile, the risk factors were positively correlated with the frequency of alcohol consumption in the middle-aged group, and negatively correlated with the education level in the elder-aged group. Furthermore, the four values from LightGBM were higher than those from logistic regression, except for the recall value of the middle-aged group.
Conclusion: Age, gender, family history of hypertension and diabetes, the frequency of fruit consumption, alcohol and dairy products, taste preference, and education level could as the risk predictive factors of stroke. The Model of using LightGBM algorithm is more accurate than that using logistic regressive analysis.
Examining the Degree of Changes in Korean Elementary Schools' Physical Activity Promotion System Grades amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chang Byung-Kweon
Published: May 2022

Background: The study aimed to provide basic data about the changes in the Korean elementary schools’ Physical Activity Promotion System (PAPS) amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and to present future direction for school and physical education.
Methods: Data were collected for 2019–2021 from the PAPS, conducted by the Korea Ministry of Education. Participants were fifth and sixth level students from 1,214 Korean elementary schools, with 124,871, 126,396, and 117,953 participants in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. Five physical fitness variables were evaluated—cardiopulmonary endurance, flexibility, muscle strength, power, and obesity—and graded from 1 (highest physical fitness level) to 5 (lowest physical fitness level). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni for multiple comparisons for computing confidence intervals.
Results: The findings indicated significant changes in the ratios of grades 1, 2, 4, and 5 according to the year (P<0.05). Grades 1 and 5 decreased and increased in 2021 from 2019 and 2020, respectively (P<0.001). Grades 2 and 4 continuously decreased and increased from 2019 to 2020 (P=0.001, P<0.001, respectively) and further in 2021 (P<0.001), respectively. Moreover, significant changes were identified in the grade ratio by year according to sex (P<0.05). Male students reported higher grade 1 ratios than female students in 2019 (P=0.018) and 2021 (P<0.001). However, for all 3 years, female students reported higher grade 2 ratio (P<0.001), while male students reported higher grade 4 and 5 ratios (P<0.001). Lastly, male students reported higher grade 3 ratios than female students in 2019 (P=0.003), but this finding was reversed in 2021 (P=0.004).
Conclusion: The pandemic decreased students’ physical activity and weakened their health, and this reduced fitness was greater pronounced in male students. In the future, physical educators should plan and present solutions to tackle reduced physical activity post the pandemic.
Design and Application of Health Education Apps Based on WeChat for Self-Management among Patients
Authors: Yang Hai-Ling , Luan Xiao-Rong , Zhao Ling-Ling , Wang Jun-Wen , Chen Yuan-Yuan
Published: May 2022

Background: We started to design and test health education Apps for self-management among patients to provide a rich source of clinical support and information for patients to increase their ability of self-management.
Methods: First, a multidisciplinary research team worked together to design and conduct the research. With their help, we redesigned an apps to incorporate some personalized changes for patients’ needs. Second, we chose a questionnaire from the Comprehensive Service Platform for the Elderly self-designed by CHENYu. Finally, a purposive sample of 34 users were tested experiences and satisfaction of users in Jul 2021.
Results: This research was successfully conducted in 22 wards among 23159 patients and 40440 chapters about healthy information sent to patients from Mar 2019 to January 2021 by smartphone. The data showed that 91.2% of participants resolved that the evaluation effect of the proposed application was better, in comparison with the paper version as routine verbal instruction. Additionally, 85.3% of participants wanted to continue to receive medical education information after discharge from the hospital. The top four most popular medical education information that they would like to receive included drug administration, disease prevention, nursing, and home care. Moreover, the top four most popular types of user suggestions were one-on-one online Q & A, continue to see every session, accelerate the speed of browsing and page updated, and free Wifi. The user satisfaction of the application was considerably high.
Conclusion: The apps was welcomed by patients who wanted to increase their knowledge level of disease and perform self-management better.
Assessing the Role of Urban Green Areas for Students' Quality of Life during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Choi Kyung-A , Rezaei Mehdi
Published: May 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing measures have limited outdoor activities for many people, including university students who live inside the campus and far from their families. We investigated if and how the fear of COVID-19 had impacted visiting green areas and consequently the quality of life.
Methods: The assessments were taken through a questionnaire-based survey of the university students living inside the campus in two universities (Konkuk and Sejong universities) in Seoul, South Korea in 2021 (n=255). Measuring three variables, the participants were asked to self-estimate their fear of COVID-19 and quality of life during the pandemic, and the time and frequency of the park visit. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to explore the potential relationship between the three main observed variables.
Results: In the case of the campus students, visiting the green area cannot play a mediating impact on the effect of the COVID-19 fear and quality of life. Likewise, the data did not support the effect of COVID-19 fear on the quality of life for this group of students, however, significant correlations were found between the COVID-19fear and visiting green spaces (P<0.05) (positive effect on visiting, and negative effect on the time of visit).
Conclusion: Students perceived not a considerable improvement in their quality of life after visiting green areas. It might be due to the fear of staying outdoor for a long time (frequency) during the pandemic, and students’ lifestyles. However, the quality of life for the students is likely to be influenced by other factors, rather than the fear of COVID-19.
Do Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Abnormal Placentation Mediate the Association between Advanced Maternal Age and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes?
Authors: Li Hui , Nawsherwan  , Khan Abbas , Ul Haq Ijaz , Mei Shi Yuan
Published: May 2022

Background: A tertiary-hospital-based retrospective study (2011-2019) was conducted to determine the mediating role of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and abnormal placentations between advanced maternal age and adverse neonatal outcomes.
Methods: Data from a tertiary-hospital-based retrospective study (n= 23051) was used and conducted regression-based mediation analysis to assess the mediating role of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and abnormal placentation between the advanced maternal age and adverse neonatal outcomes.
Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, the indirect effect of advanced maternal age on preterm births, perinatal mortality, and low birth weight mediated by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was [aOR 4.95 (95% CI: 4.05, 5.85)], [aOR 2.82 (95% CI: 1.78, 3.86)], and [aOR 5.90 (95% CI: 4.93, 6.87)], respectively. The indirect effect of advanced maternal age on preterm births and low birth weight mediated by abnormal placentation was [aOR 6.83 (95% CI: 5.70, 7.97)] and [aOR 4.18 (95% CI: 3.26, 5.11)].  About, 23%, 37%, and 17% of the effect of advanced maternal age on preterm births, perinatal mortality, and low birth weight was mediated by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, respectively. Furthermore, abnormal placentation mediates the association between advanced maternal age and preterm births by 18% and low birth weight by 23%.  
Conclusion: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and abnormal placentation partially mediate the association between advanced maternal age and adverse neonatal outcomes.
Analysis on Clinical Outcomes of Low-Molecular Weight Heparin Combined with Magnesium Sulfate in Patients with Pre-Eclampsia
Authors: Wang Ningning , Feng Chun , Sun Minghe , Pu Ying
Published: May 2022

Background: We aimed to investigate the clinical effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) combined with magnesium sulfate in patients with severe pre-eclampsia (PE).
Methods: A total of 70 patients with severe PE admitted in Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China from Jun 2020 to May 2021 were enrolled and randomized into observation and control groups. The control group was treated with magnesium sulfate only, and the observation group was treated with small-dose LMWH combined with magnesium sulfate. The clinical effects and artery blood flow index were analyzed.
Results: The observation group had higher coagulation function than that in the control group. RI, S/D, and PI in the observation group after treatment were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P <0.05). In serum and placental tissues, both kininase expression and TGF-1 levels of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, with lower PAPP-A, VCAM-1 and E selectin levels than those in the control group.
Conclusion: Small-dose LMWH combined with magnesium sulfate can promote the expression of endogenous kallikrein, weaken the infiltration of cytotrophoblast, and improve the maternal blood clotting state in patients with severe PE. It also improves placental microblood flow and effectively prolong pregnancy, promotes fetal growth, and improves the clinical effects.
Patterns of Lifestyle Behaviors and Relevant Metabolic Profiles in Chinese Adults: Latent Class Analysis from Two Independent Surveys in Urban and Rural Populations
Authors: Cui Qian , Chen Ying , Ye Xinhua , Cai Yamei , Qin Rui , Chen Tao , Yan Ting , Yu Dahai
Published: May 2022

Background: This study was determined to describe the patterns of lifestyle behaviors and their associations with metabolic profiles among Chinese urban and rural adults.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study set in the Nanjing (5,824) and Hefei (20,269) Community Cardiovascular Risk Surveys from 2011-2013, using random cluster sampling. Questionnaires were completed via face-to-face interview, and data on lifestyle behaviors including daily night sleep duration, nap duration (if any) and sitting time, and weekly physical activity (measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, in metabolic equivalents of task × minutes, and separated into walking and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MOVPA) according to intensity) was collected. The patterns of physical activity in Chinese urban and rural populations and the metabolic profile in each pattern were identified by the latent class analysis.
Results: Six distinct clusters were determined, with the sizes ranging from 45% to 5% of the total population. For example, the most common cluster was associated with a sufficient night and nap sleep duration, a long sitting time, and above WHO recommended physical activities for both walking and MOVPA, and the smallest cluster was featured by its huge amount of MOVPA and limited amount of walking activity. Difference in proportion of each cluster was observed between the two survey sites. No obvious abnormal blood measures were seen in any cluster.
Conclusion: Common lifestyle behavior clusters were described, leading to a better understanding of people’s routine activities.
CRISPR/Cas9 RET Gene Knockout in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell-lines: Optimization and Validation
Authors: Zarif-Yeganeh Marjan , Farhud Dariush D , Rahimpour Azam , Sheikholeslami Sara , Shivaei Setareh , Hedayati Mehdi
Published: May 2022

Background: Medullary Thyroid Cancer (MTC) is a very aggressive type of thyroid carcinoma. Mutation in RET proto-oncogene is demonstrated in MTC development. We aimed to knock-out of RET-oncogene using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing method in MTC cell-lines.
Methods: This research was conducted in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran during 2019-2020. Four different sgRNAs were designed to target exons one, two, and four of RET-oncogene in TT and MZ-CRC-1 cell-lines using bioinformatics tools, then the CRISPR/Cas9 constructs was made. About 72-hours after cell transfection, T7EI method and DNA sequencing were used to confirm the knock-out of RET-oncogene. Expression of RET, Calcitonin genes and RET protein were evaluated by Real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively.
Results: The results of T7E1, and DNA sequencing of transfected cells confirmed RET gene knock-out by CRISPR/Cas9. There was a significant decrease in RET gene expression and RET protein in transfected TT and MZ cells compared to controls. The rate of cell apoptosis in transfected cells was significantly increased. Calcitonin gene expression was also significantly reduced in transfected cells. p-RET, p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-MEK, p-ERK protein levels were significantly reduced in TT and MZ transfected cells.
Conclusion: For the first time, knock-out of RET gene was performed and confirmed using CRISPR/Cas9. Inhibition of this gene leads to inhibition of the tyrosine kinase RET signal transduction pathway. Therefore, it can be one of the most effective and specific therapeutic goals in the field of Personalized Medicine in the treatment of diseases caused by over activity of RET molecular pathway.
High-Risk Behaviors and Associated Factors among Iranian Adult Population: A National Survey
Authors: Ebrahimi Bahram , Doosti-Irani Amin , Rezapur-Shahkolai Forouzan , Poorolajal Jalal
Published: May 2022

Background: There is no official and representative information on certain health-risk behaviors in Iran. This national survey was performed to determine the prevalence of five high-risk behaviors among the adult population and underlying factors.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 23 provinces of Iran in 2019 involving 10,957 participants. The following five risky behaviors were evaluated: (a) using illicit drugs in the past month, (b) drinking alcohol in the past month, (c) having extramarital sex in the past year, (d) having suicidal thoughts in the past month, (e) and attempting suicide in the past year. The logistic regression model was used for analyses and associations were reported using odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results: The prevalence of health-risk behaviors was as follows: illicit drug use 10.4%, drinking alcohol 16.8%, extramarital sex 9.9%, suicidal thoughts 8.8%, and suicide attempt 5.4%. Almost 27.6% of the participants were involved in at least one risky behavior. There was a strong association between illicit drugs use and male gender 2.51 (2.11-2.98) and using psychiatric medications 2.96 (2.46-3.55); between drinking alcohol and male gender 2.23 (1.93-2.58); between extramarital sex and divorced/widowed status 2.43 (1.72-3.44) and having an intimate friend of the opposite sex 3.75 (3.13-4.51); between suicidal thoughts and using psychiatric medications 2.23 (1.83-2.72); between suicide attempt and a history of running away from home 2.10 (1.64-2.68).
Conclusion: More than one-fourth Iranian adult population is involved in at least one risky behavior. Engaging in any risky behavior may increase the possibility of engaging in other high-risk behaviors.
Investigating Visfatin gene Polymorphism rs4730153 with Insulin Resistance and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases in Iranian Population
Authors: Marjani Somayeh , Nezhadali Masoumeh , Hekmat Azadeh , Zarif Yeganeh Marjan
Published: May 2022

Background: Visfatin is known as one of the adipokines associated with the development of inflammation, but its role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver is less known so far. We aimed to investigate the association between visfatin gene polymorphism rs4730153 and insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Methods: This case-control study was performed on 80 patients with NAFLD as well as 80 healthy participants as controls referred to Amir Al-Momenin and Bouali hospitals in Tehran. Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP method. Plasma concentrations of visfatin and insulin were measured using ELISA kit. The fasting blood glucose, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, ALT, AST, SBP, DBP, and BMI levels were measured using the standard methods. Statistical analysis was also performed using SPSS software.
Results: A significant difference was found in Visfatin level in the patients with NAFLD compared to this level in healthy individuals. The levels of HDL-C and LDL-C in healthy individuals and triglyceride in patients for GG, AG, and AA genotypes carriers also were significantly different. There was a significant relationship between rs4730153 polymorphism and insulin resistance; however, no association was found between this polymorphism and NAFLD. Notably, Visfatin showed a significant association with age (all individuals), body mass index (healthy individuals), insulin, and HOMA (in patients).
Conclusion: Visfatin levels reduced in patients with NAFLD. Moreover, rs4730153 polymorphism was indicated to be associated with both lipid metabolism and insulin resistance, but no association was found between this polymorphism and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Bioinformatics Analysis to Find Novel Biomarkers for Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Gholipour Akram , Shakerian Farshad , Zahedmehr Ali , Irani Shiva , Malakootian Mahshid , Mowla Seyed Javad
Published: May 2022

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD), a major cause of death worldwide, is defined as a narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries that supply oxygen and blood to the heart. We aimed to find potential biomarkers for coronary artery disease, by comparing the expression profile of blood exosomes of both normal and CHD samples.
Methods: Datasets of 6 CHD and 6 normal samples of blood exosomes were downloaded, and differentially expressed RNAs, with adjusted P<0.01 and log2FoldChange≥1 were achieved. Moreover, gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis were accomplished by PANTHER database for datasets.
Results: Our data analysis found 119 differentially expressed genes between two datasets. By comparing transcriptome profiles, we candidate the highest downregulated gene, ACSBG1, and the highest upregulated one, DEFA4, as specific biomarkers for CHD. Furthermore, GO and pathway analysis depicted that aforementioned differentially expressed genes are mostly involved in different molecular metabolic process, inflammation, immune system process and response to stimulus pathways which all cause cardiovascular diseases.
Conclusion: We have provided new potential biomarkers for CHD, though experimental validation is still needed to confirm the suitability of the candidate genes for early detection of CHD.
Mapping the Intellectual Structure of Medical Sociology: A Co-Word Analysis
Authors: Rohani Azam , Makkizadeh Fatemeh
Published: May 2022

Background: Medical sociology is concerned with the relationship between social factors and health, and with the application of sociological theory and research techniques to questions related to health and the health care system. Considering the wide range of studies in the field that each examined different aspects, to promote health in community, bibliometrics analysis in this area is felt.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study with a scientometric approach, the data about “medical sociology” were retrieved from PubMed in MEDINE format, including 1226 records over the period 1945-2018. By using Co-word analysis, clustering methods, and strategic diagram with the help of SPSS, UcInet 6 software the data were analyzed.
Results: The keyword “Attitude to Health” and two pairs of frequently used keywords, namely “Power (Psychology)*Professional Autonomy” were the most frequent in medical sociology. The results shaped the concepts of medical sociology in 7 clusters. The clusters “Attitude of health personnel”, “Health Policy” and “Sociology of Medical Education” are topics that may be emerging or disappearing. The “Physicians", "Models of Social Determinants of Health" and "medical philosophy" are immature clusters.
Conclusion: This research used co-word networks that indicate the important links between keywords of research areas. Considering the frequency of keywords along with the clusters obtained, it seems that the most research approach was seen on the medical aspect rather than the sociological aspect. Despite the importance of sociological aspects such as social rooting of disease, sociability, medicine as a social institution and etiological studies, these subjects have not been sufficiently considered.
Investigation of Death Rate due to Type 2 Traffic Accidents and Non-Traffic Accidents in Iran during 2013-2018
Authors: Hasani Jalil , Erfanpoor Saeed , Hashemi Nazari Seyed Saeed
Published: May 2022

Background: In the classification of road accidents, type 2 traffic accidents and non-traffic accidents are not considered and in Iran so far no special study has been done in the field of type 2 traffic accidents and non-traffic accidents, so we aimed to investigate the incidence of type 2 traffic accidents and non-traffic accidents in Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional was conducted on all individuals referred to Forensic Medicine Organization (FMO) from all over Iran who suffered from non-traffic accidents and type 2 traffic accidents during 2013-2018. Demographic information, accident information and other information including the location of the impact, the final cause of death and the date of the accident were examined. The information received from the FMO was first checked and then analyzed using Stata 11 statistical software.
Results: During the 6-year study period, 10882 people lost their lives in type 2 traffic accidents (4779 people) and non-traffic accidents (5287 people). In terms of age, the highest incidence of type 2 traffic accidents and non-traffic accidents was observed in the age group over 65 years. The incidence of type 2 traffic accidents has not been increasing, while the trend of non-traffic accidents has been increasing.
Conclusion: With respect to the high rate of deaths due to traffic accidents, including type 2 traffic accidents and non-traffic accidents, it is necessary for the national media and relevant agencies to educate the people about first aid and also inform about free relief services, timely presence is important.
The Impact of Application of the Humanistic Nursing Model on Quality of Life and Satisfaction with Nursing among Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Mao Qiujuan , Zhang Hui , Huang Jing , Liu Juan , Yang Liping
Published: May 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Assessing an Overall Toxicological Implication of Nail Care Product for Occupational and Consumer Health Improvement
Authors: Kwon Yongbum
Published: May 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Serum 25-OH Vitamin D Level and Lipid Changes in Type 1 Diabetic Young Armenians: Single Centre Data
Authors: Ghubatyan Anna , Navasardyan Lusine , Tadevosyan Artashes
Published: May 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Nutrition Labeling as an Instrument for Improvement of Dietary Habits: Pre-Research among Czech Medical Students
Authors: Nevrlá Martina , Matějová Halina , Strnadelová Zuzana
Published: May 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Comment on “In Silico Comparison of Separate or Combinatorial Effects of Potential Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Binding Site of ACE2”
Authors: Gharebaghi Reza , Heidary Fatemeh
Published: May 2022

The article's abstract is not available.