bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mujeres, videojuegos y esports: una revisión sistemática
Authors: García-Naveira Alejo , Agustín Sierra Noelia , Santos Montiel Olga
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión sistemática sobre el estado actual de la mujer en los videojuegos y esports. Siguiendo la metodología PRISMA, se realizaron búsquedas documentales en un periodo temporal reciente, entre los años 2017 y 15 de septiembre de 2022. Se obtuvieron un total de 98 artículos en las bases de datos Science Direct, PubMed y PsycINFO. Tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se analizaron un total de 17 artículos científicos de la temática. Los resultados muestran, entre otros datos, que casi la mitad de las mujeres juegan a los videojuegos, aunque son minoría en los esports. Se observa una situación de desigualdad para las mujeres, con ciertas características estereotipadas positivas hacia el hombre y negativas hacia la mujer, marcado por comportamientos, prejuicios y discriminación cultural, predominantemente sexistas hacia las mujeres, que representan obstáculos que limitan su acceso y desarrollo, facilitan el abandono y pérdida de oportunidad de los beneficios sociales y psicológicos que conllevan, inclusive, pudiendo afectar a la salud mental y bienestar de las mujeres. Se concluye que existe una necesidad urgente de realizar más investigación y acciones para promover el cambio, educar en valores y transformar la cultura de los videojuegos, así como potenciar los recursos psicológicos y mejora de la habilidad en el videojuego y la competitividad en la mujer.
Driver’s distraction and its potential influence on the extension of reaction time
Authors: Tarkowski Sławomir , Caban Jacek , Dzieńkowski Mariusz , Nieoczym Aleksander , Zarajczyk Janusz
Published: December 2022

The driver's reaction time is one of the most important parameters for the road pre-accident analysis. There are known the results of tests, in which the value of this parameter was determined in expected and unexpected road situations. But in some cases, this time may be longer e.g. in situations in which the driver's attention may be distracted by keeping observations other than the area, in front of the car's surroundings. There are many manoeuvres, when the driver is obliged to observe many areas at the same time. Thus, his attention must be turned away from the main area – in front of the vehicle. The paper presents the results of tests involving the measurement of the driver's attention time focused on observing the surrounding other than the car's path. During the test, the driver's attention was focus on observing the side and back mirror, car radio and at the mobile phone. Certain values can be potentially considered as extending the typical driver's reaction time. The results of the presented tests have practical applications and can be used in the process of issuing opinions on traffic accidents.
Change in engine power in the event of electronic components failures
Authors: Šarkan Branislav , Loman Michal , Senko Šimon , Richtář Michal , Gołębiowski Wojciech
Published: December 2022

In a conventional internal combustion engine, only electrical controls are used to prepare the fuel mixture. All parts must operate flawlessly in order for the vehicle and its components to operate correctly. Road safety may be negatively impacted by the failure of specific components. The purpose of the study was to ascertain how much the malfunction of particular electrical components affects how the vehicle operates. The vehicle's individual electronic parts were removed, and the engine power was then assessed. The primary determinant of a vehicle's technical condition is thought to be its engine power. The preparation of the combustion mixture was affected by the individual component disconnections, which reduced the vehicle's performance. A vehicle with an in-line four-cylinder engine was used for the experiment, which was conducted in a lab setting. This vehicle's eight components were gradually disengaged. The change in engine power was observed while they were disconnected. The measured values were always evaluated in terms of an automobile that had no defects and was in excellent condition. The study's findings demonstrate that there are circumstances in which a vehicle's usual operation is adversely affected when one or more of its electrical components malfunctions.
Factors Associated With Recurrence Of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer In RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang
Authors: Kurube Isabela Marsialina , Ambari Ediwibowo , Iskandar Teuku Mirza , Tjahjanto Hary , Dewantiningrum Julian , Mochtar Arufiadi Anityo , Trisetiyono Yuli
Published: December 2022

Introductions: Epithelial ovarian cancer accounts for 90% of all ovarian malignancies. More than 70% of patients will experience a relapse even after receiving operative therapy and chemotherapy. There are several prognostic factors that influence the recurrence of ovarian cancer. In Indonesia, especially at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, the data as mentioned above is still very limited.objective: Knowing the disease-free survival rate, optimizing surgery and factors related to the incidence of recurrence in epithelial ovarian cancer patients at Dr. Kariadi Hospital SemarangMethods: This study is a retrospective cohort study with survival analysis. Data were collected through medical records, with the study population are patients with a diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer who were treated at Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang in period January 2018-December 2019. Furthermore, patients who had been remission were observed for signs of disease recurrence for 2 years period.Results: There were 361 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent primary treatment at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang in  2018-2019. Furthermore, there were observations of recurrence in 148 patients who achieved remission. Of these 76 patients (51.4%) experienced recurrence, while 72 patients not relapse. From 148 epithelial ovarian cancer patients who underwent cytoreduction surgery at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, 113 patients (76.4%) achieved optimal operation with a residu less than 2 cm, while 35 patients (23.6%) were not optimal with a residu more than 2 cm. FIGO stage (HR 2.44) and tumor residu (HR 2.15) were shown to be significant factors associated with the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer.Conclusion: Overall disease-free survival in epithelial ovarian cancer at Dr. Kariadi Semarang were 74.8% (6 months), 57.1% (1 year), 42.5% (18 months), and 37.4% (2 years). Tumor residual factors and FIGO stage were shown to be significant prognostic factors influencing the recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer.
In vitro direct and indirect regeneration of plants from nodal and petiole explants in Pelargonium odoratissimum (L.) Herit.
Authors: EBRAHIMZADEH Asghar , FATHOLLAHZADEH Maliheh , AAZAMI Mohammad Ali , HASSANPOURAGHDAM Mohammad Bagher
Published: December 2022

Nodal and petiole explants were employed to study the direct and indirect regeneration from Pelargonium odoratissimum in vitro. Direct shoots regeneration of nodal segments was tried in MS medium containing 1 and 2 mg l-1 BAP and 0.5 mg l-1 IBA. The highest mean shoots number and the greatest shoots per explant number were obtained in the medium containing 2 mg l-1 BAP. Nodal segments were the source of petiole explants and the resulting petioles were cultured in ½ MS medium supplemented by 1, 1.5, 2 and 4.5 mg l-1 BAP enriched with 0.1, 1 and 1.5 mg l-1 NAA. With the petiole explants, the lowest browning percentage, the highest callus induction and also, the top number of shoots per explant were recorded in 2 mg l-1 BAP + 0.1 mg l-1 NAA medium. The medium supplemented with 0.2 mg l-1 NAA exhibited the desired effect on rooting percentage and mean root number and length. The rooted young plants were transferred to the pots containing peat-moss and perlite (1:1) and the acclimatization was successful since, more than 90 % of plants adapted-well in the greenhouse conditions. This in-vitro propagation methodology would be advisable to the plant production systems and to whom wish to produce the clonal homogenous plants for the commercial ideas and for the detailed molecular studies.
Field performance of cryopreserved seed-derived tomato plants and post-thaw survival of viral-infected meristems
Authors: SHEVCHENKO Nadiia , MIROSHNICHENKO Tetiana , MOZGOVSKA Anna , BASHTAN Nataliia , KOVALENKO Galyna , IVCHENKO Tetiana
Published: December 2022

The effectiveness of different cryopreservation techniques of tomato meristems isolated from viral-infected plants ‘Irishka’ cultivar was determined. The pieces of stem were protected with dimethyl sulfoxide and propylene glycol and cooled in vapour phase of liquid nitrogen (–170 °C). For the vitrification and droplet-vitrification protocols, the meristems were treated with loading solution and dehydrated with different plant vitrification solutions (PVS1 modified, PVS2, 88 % PVS3, PVSN). The samples were placed to sterilized aluminum foil pieces, in 1.2 ml cryovials or in 50 µl aluminum pans for differential scanning calorimetry and were directly immersed into liquid nitrogen. Acсording to the dehydration technique, the meristems were dehydrated with sterile airflow for 120 min. The post-thaw survival rates of meristems (from 34.2 to 78.5 %) were observerved only for 50 µl aluminum pans and airflow dehydration. We determined the productivity of plants, obtaned from cryopreserved seeds (‘Seven’, ‘Potiron Ecarlate’ and ‘Druzhba’ cultivars). We observed increasing in total and marketable yields for the plants grown from the cryopreserved seeds for all the cultivars. Total number of diseased plants decreased by 33 % for ‘Seven’, for ‘Potiron Ecarlate’ it did by 6.7 %, for that of ‘Druzhba’ the total percentage of sick and healthy plants did not differ after seeds cryopreservation.
Combining ability for morphological and nutritional traits in a diallel cross of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: OLADOKUN Olajoju Lola , IBIRINDE Dolapo Olalekan , KOLAWOLE Adesike Oladoyin , AREMU Charity Onye
Published: December 2022

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops grown in Nigeria, either for fresh market or industrial purposes, necessitating the development of a robust tomato breeding programme aimed at maximizing genetic improvement on economically important traits. In this study, the combining ability, nature of gene action, heterosis, and heritability for morphological, nutritional, and physicochemical parameters of tomato were examined in five tomato parents and ten F1 offsprings, generated with a 5 × 5 half diallel mating design in the greenhouse in 2017. The field evaluation was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria during the cropping season of 2018 using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance for combing ability revealed that both additive and nonadditive gene actions contributed to the fundamental genetic mechanism underlying the inheritance of the measured traits. The top two general combiner parents were UC-OP and Ib-local. Furthermore, the best tomato hybrid specific combiners were FDT4 × UC-OP, FDT2 × Ib-local and UC-OP × Ib-local which involved one parent having a high general combining ability effect for fruit yield and the other having other desirable traits. These hybrids may be further utilized in tomato breeding programmes.
Molecular diversity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes in Malaysia based on SSR markers
Authors: ANISUZZAMAN Mohammad , ISLAM Mohammad Rafiqul , KHATUN Hasina , HAQUE Mohammad Amdadul , ISLAM Mahammad Shariful , AHSAN Mohammad Shamim
Published: December 2022

Rice crop improvement is determined by the degree of genetic variability and the heritability of favorable genes. A total of twenty-five SSR markers were used to measure the level of polymorphism and genetic variation among the 65 rice genotypes. Twenty-one of the twenty-five SSRs were discovered to be polymorphic, whereas the rest were determined to be monomorphic. A total of 91 alleles were found in 21 SSR markers, with an average of 4.00 alleles which ranged from 3 (RM335, RM551, RM538 RM190, RM242 and RM270) to 7 (RM263). The average PIC value was 0.62 ranging from 0.28 (RM 270) to 0.76 (RM 481). The rice genotypes were divided into nine primary clusters by a dendrogram based on NTSYS software’s UPGMA analysis. The cluster analysis revealed that these genotypes were divided into nine clusters where cluster IB-1a has the most genotypes (31) followed by cluster IB-1b (24).The genotype BR24 and Utri as well as Pukhi and WANGI PUTEH had the highest dissimilarity coefficient values indicating genotype diversity. These accessions have a lot of genetic diversity among the constituents; thus, they could be used directly in a hybridization program to improve yield-related parameters.
Chemical composition and insecticidal effect of methanol extract of Capparis spinosa L. fruits on Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val, 1863 and Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763) adults
Authors: MAHMOUDI MANESH Tayebe , RAVAN Sultan , KHANI Abbas , SARANI Mansoor
Published: December 2022

Tribolium confusum and Sitophilus oryzae are stored product pests found worldwide. Environmental damages, human health issues and the emergence of resistance are driving scientists to seek alternatives to synthetic insecticides for its control. Under this scenario, plant secondary metabolites are being increasingly studied as bioinsecticides because they are renewable, natural, biodegradable, non-persistent in the environment and safe to non-target organism and humans. In this study, the chemical composition and lethal effects of methanol extract of Capparis spinosa fruits on Tribolium confusum and Sitophilus oryzae adults were studied. The LC50 of extract on T. confusum and S. oryzae in contact method were 14.7 and 10.5 mg cm-2, respectively, whereas in the dip method, the LC50 value determined 41.3 and 34.3 mg ml-1 for T. confusum and S. oryzae, respectively. The most important identified compounds were the thymol (22.5 %), methyl sulfonyl heptyl isothiocyanate (13.3 %), butyl isothiocyanate (8.1 %), γ-terpinene (6.2%) and iso propyl isothiocyanate (5.8 %). The results confirmed the potential of the C. spinosa extract in controlling stored-product insects.
Odstranjevanje potencialno strupenih kovin iz odpadnega blata iz čistilne naprave z uporabo EDTA
Authors: KAURIN Anela , MORALES ARTEAGA Juan Francisco , LEŠTAN Domen
Published: December 2022

Odpadno blato iz čistilnih naprav (ČN) ima zaradi velike hranilne vrednosti potencial za uporabo v kmetijstvu, vendar je pogosto onesnaženo s potencialno strupenimi kovinami (PSK). V raziskavi smo preverili ali ReSoil® tehnologija, ki temelji na uporabi EDTA (50, 70 in 100 mmol l-1), omogoča učinkovito odstranjevanje PSK iz odpadnega blata, vzetega po aerobni (blato1) in anaerobni (blato2) biološki obdelavi. Največji delež odstranitve Pb smo dosegli v blatu1 (do 60 %), največji delež odstranitve Zn in Cu pa v blatu2 (do 55 in 29 %). Vsebnost hranil se po remediaciji ni bistveno spremenila, le vsebnost dostopnega fosforja se je v blatu2 po remediaciji do 1,7-krat zmanjšala, vendar je še vedno ostala velika (489-510 mg 100-1 g-1). Po remediaciji so bile koncentracije v izpirkih za vse kovine, razen za Zn, pod mejo za nenevarne snovi. Za dokazovanje možnosti recikliranja procesnih raztopin in EDTA smo blato2 oprali s 50 mmol l-1 pralno raztopino v seriji 5 zaporednih remediacij in pri tem v povprečju odstranili 28 % Pb, 48 % Zn, 35 % Cu, 30 % Mn in 10 % Fe. ReSoil® tehnologija sicer omogoča odstranjevanje PSK iz blata in pri tem ohrani njegovo hranilno vrednost, vendar je učinkovitost tehnologije odvisna od postopkov obdelave blata na ČN.
Vloga malih RNK pri odzivu rastlin na okužbo s patogenimi organizmi
Authors: KUNEJ Urban , STAJIČ Ester
Published: December 2022

Rastline imajo razvite raznolike in kompleksne mehanizme za regulacijo izražanja genov. Nedavno je bil odkrit nov mehanizem, imenovan RNK interferenca (RNKi). Osrednjo vlogo v RNKi imajo male nekodirajoče RNK (sRNK) dolge od 21-24 nukleotidov, ki z vezavo na komplementarna mesta v transkriptih preprečijo njihovo prevajanje v proteine. Ker sRNK definira izvor, strukturne lastnosti prekurzorjev ter sekvenčne lastnosti, jih delimo v več različnih razredov. mikroRNK (miRNK) ter sekundarne male interferenčne RNK (siRNK), med katere prištevamo tasiRNK in phasiRNK imajo pomembno vlogo v regulaciji izražanja genov v številnih bioloških procesih ter odzivu rastlin na biotske ali abiotske dejavnike stresa. Kljub številnim ohranjenim sRNK med rastlinskimi vrstami ter karakterizaciji njihovega delovanja, do danes še ni celovitega razumevanja njihove vloge v obrambnem odzivu rastlin pred fitopatogeni. Ta pregled povzema trenutno razumevanje patogeneze verticilijske uvelosti, obrambnega mehanizma rastlin pred fitopatogeni in biogeneze ter vloge miRNK, tasiRNK ter phasiRNK v obrambnem odzivu rastlin pred glivnimi patogeni. Nadaljnje raziskave rastlinskih sRNK in njihovo izražanje v odzivu rastlin na različne fitopatogene organizme so potrebne za jasno določitev njihove vloge. Novi pristopi sekvenciranja ter bioinformacijske analize in napovedovanja vloge miRNK tarč v času okužb nam lahko pri nemodelnih organizmih omogočijo razvoj novih načinov varstva rastlin.
Problematika hladnega skladiščenja pri proizvodnji potaknjencev zelnatih in lesnatih okrasnih rastlin
Authors: VOŠNJAK Matej , OSTERC Gregor
Published: December 2022

Razmnoževanje s potaknjenci je najpomembnejša in najpogosteje uporabljena metoda vegetativnega razmnoževanja rastlin v okrasnem vrtnarstvu. V verigi proizvodnje sadik se pridelovalci poslužujejo različnih tehnik in metod, da bi zagotovili oziroma ohranili karseda kakovosten rastlinski material. Zaradi selitve večjih svetovnih pridelovalcev zelnatih okrasnih rastlin v tropska in subtropska območja, kjer je pridelava enostavnejša, cenejša in lažja, je ohranjanje kakovosti materiala v času transporta postalo ključnega pomena za nadaljnjo proizvodnjo rastlin. Metoda hladnega skladiščenja se uporablja pri vegetativnem razmnoževanju in pri transportu potaknjencev zelnatih in lesnatih okrasnih rastlin iz ekvatorialnih delov do območij, kjer jih nato koreninijo. Hladno skladiščenje zniža temperaturo rastlinskega materiala, posledično se upočasni metabolizem rastlin med skladiščenjem, ohrani se rastni potencial in kakovost potaknjencev ter podaljša se njihovo obstojnost. V prispevku je predstavljen pregled na področju hladnega skladiščenja potaknjencev različnih vrst okrasnih rastlin, s poudarkom na potaknjencih zelnatih, lesnatih rastlin in rastlin iz in vitro proizvodnje.
Pierwsze książki kucharskie. Idea modernizacji i europeizacji serbskiej kultury kulinarnej w XIX wieku i na początku XX wieku
Authors: Czekalski Tadeusz
Published: December 2022

Artykuł omawia powstanie i specyficzny charakter pierwszych książek kucharskich wydanych w XIX w. i na początku XX wieku w języku serbskim i ich rolę w procesie kształtowania serbskiej kultury kulinarnej. Pierwsze próby kodyfikacji serbskiej kultury kulinarnej zostały ukazane na tle rozwoju książek kucharskich na Półwyspie Bałkańskim w XIX i w początkach XX wieku. Dzieła Jeroteja Draganovicia, Katariny Popović Midžiny, jak również publikowane w prasie belgradzkiej porady kulinarne Spasenii Paty Marković wpisywały się w realizowany od końca XIX w. projekt modernizacji i westernizacji społeczeństwa serbskiego, obejmujący także codzienną dietę i organizację życia towarzyskiego.
Država u oceni Evropske unije. Primjer Bosne i Hercegovine
Authors: Bujwid-Kurek Ewa
Published: December 2022

Za opšti cilj istraživanja rada je odgovor na pitanije — kako izgleda stanje Bosnе i Hercegovine u oceni Evropske unije. U vezi sa ovom analizom bila je podvrgnuta Rezolucija Evropskog parlamenta od 13. februara 2019.g. o izveštaju Evropske komisije o Bosni i Hercegovini za 2018.g. Treba naglasiti, da se svake godine, zemlja koja teži članstvu u Evropsku uniju podvrgava oceni Evropske komisije. Posebna pažnija posvećena je među drugim: stanju demokratije, vladovini zakona (prava), poštovaniju ljudskih prava i pojava korupciji, etnič[1]kim odnosima etc. U ovoj oceni izražene su mnoge rezerve u Bosni i Hercegovini. Generalno, može se reći da se ova država još uvek bori sa mnogim problemima koji je sprečavaju da uđe u EU i bude prepoznata kao država koja sprovodi prncipe demokratske države. U ovoj analizi naročito korišćen je istraživački metod: istraživanje slučaja i analiza primarnih izvora.
Bizantyńscy Własi "nad pięknym i modrym Dunajem" w XII w.: stabilizacja i aspiracje
Authors: Dudek Jarosław
Published: December 2022

W XII w. na bizantyńskim pograniczu nad dolnym Dunajem zapanował spokój. Stopniowo ustały najazdy wojowniczych plemion ze stepów pontyjskich (Pieczyngów, Uzów, Kumanów). Ucichły również wewnętrzne niepokoje wśród mieszkańców Paristrionu. Rozkwit gospodarczy wzmacniał potencjał lokalnych elit. Po likwidacji organizacji Pieczyngów i procesowi bizantynizacji arystokracji bułgarskiej wzrosło znaczenie miejscowych Włachów. Jednak ich przywódcy mimo niewątpliwych zasług dla państwa bizantyńskiego nie mieli możliwości wejścia w skład jego elit.
W poszukiwaniu ,,nowej Grammousty”. Dziedzictwo kulturowe pasterzy Aromanów (Wołochów) w południowym Pirynie w Bułgarii
Authors: Kocój Ewa , Kocój Łukasz
Published: December 2022

Dziedzictwo kulturowe pasterzy Aromanów (Wołochów) w Bułgarii stanowi temat trudny i wymagający szczególnej dociekliwości w badaniach naukowych. Aromanie przybyli tu po dotkliwych prześladowaniach, jakie spotkały ich ze strony Turków i Albańczyków w końcu XVIII wieku. W wysokich górach stworzyli własny świat, który przez dziesiątki lat stał się ich schronieniem — zbudowali tu osady z domami, gospodarstwami, miejscami kultu religijnego, pastwiskami, stworzyli też sieć interesariuszy, którzy nabywali wytwarzane przez nich towary. Celem tego artykułu jest zbadanie jakie ślady dziedzictwa kulturowego pasterzy aromańskich zachowały się w osadach południowego Pirynu w Bułgarii. Zaprezentowano w nim główne górskie wioski aromańskie, dawne szlaki pasterskie oraz profesje, jakimi się trudnili. W badaniach wykorzystano metodologię jakościową, w tym obserwacje uczestniczące w wioskach Pirynu oraz wywiady z mieszkańcami wiosek górskich Bułgarii. Badania pokazały, że nieliczna dziś społeczność aromańska w Pirynie w Bułgarii zachowała pamięć o swoim pochodzeniu, a także niewielkie zasoby dziedzictwa kulturowego, które obecnie jest w różnym stanie — wymaga opisu, dokumentacji i rewitalizacji miejsc i (nie)-miejsc tej społeczności.
Kritobulos z Imbros. Historyk ginącego świata
Authors: Kotłowska Anna
Published: December 2022

Celem tekstu jest przedstawienie twórczości Kritobulosa z Imbros wraz z komentarzem ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aspektu historiozoficznego. Dla niego bowiem podstawową kwestią było wytłumaczenie halosis w kategoriach tradycyjnej bizantyjskiej historiozofii.
Zur Bedeutung des Schüleraustausches für interkulturelles Lernen
Authors: Jakosz Mariusz
Published: December 2022

Intercultural education is one of the most important goals of contemporary foreign language teaching. In order to keep pupils strongly motivated to learn foreign languages, they must be made to understand what benefits can be gained from a good command of foreign languages. It is due to international pupil exchanges that young people have the opportunity to come into direct contact with a foreign language, to experience foreign culture in real communicative situations, and in the process verify or overcome deeply rooted stereotypes and prejudices about certain nations. In the article, the author presents quantitative questionnaire results, which allows him to identify the heterostereotypes of Polish and German pupils as well as their attitude towards historical events and current bilateral relations. Additionally, the impact of pupil exchanges on how representatives of both nations see each other and on their further contacts has been discussed. The results obtained can serve not only as guidelines on how to work with stereotypes and prejudices in foreign language classes, but they might also help in effective preparation for the scheduled pupil exchange.
Nachbarsprache & buurcultuur. Ergebnisse der wissenschaftlichen Begleitung eines Schulaustauschprojektes in der deutsch-niederländischen Grenzregion
Authors: Jentges Sabine , Sars Paul
Published: December 2022

In the years 2017–2021, the school exchange project Nachbarsprache & buurcultuur was carried out in the German-Dutch border region and funded by the EU as an Interreg Va-project. During the entire project period, the exchanges that took place were critically monitored. In this article, we (as project managers from the Dutch side) go into the available scientific findings and basic requirements for ‘successful’ encounters in school exchanges, as well as selected critical results from the monitoring of the project Nachbarsprache & buurcultuur for the areas of pluricultural or culture-reflective and multilingual learning in exchanges.
Deutsch-französischer Schüleraustausch zwischen neuen Herausforderungen und neuen Perspektiven infolge der Corona-Pandemie
Authors: Jourdy Natalja
Published: December 2022

The present paper examines the impact of the COVID 19-pandemic on school exchanges between Germany and France. Furthermore, it investigates teachers’ and students’ experiences with distance learning during this period. We highlight that the pandemic has generated many exceptional challenges, especially for vulnerable students. However, the pandemic-induced constraints have also stimulated the development of new didactic approaches, tools and methods. Therefore, we can speak about the new opportunities in the domain of education, and most precisely, for school exchanges.
Selbst- und Fremdbilder in der Fremdsprachendidaktik am Beispiel des DaF-Unterrichts in Polen
Authors: Mihułka Krystyna
Published: December 2022

This article aims at providing an answer to the question of whether, and if so to what extent (intensive) German language learning and exploring German culture leads to a positive change in the image of Germany and Germans in Poland. The article opens with theoretical considerations on the Us–Them dichotomy, the essential components of self-image and the image of the Other, as well as the interpenetration of the self and otherness. In turn, the empirical part of the article, which is directly related to the theoretical one, is devoted to the analysis of the results of a qualitative study conducted among Polish students of German Philology. The results of the analysis of the students’ utterances show that the exploration of German culture and the improvement of one’s German language proficiency at school and during German studies at university, as well as direct contact with the Germans have resulted in a positive change in the respondents’ attitudes towards Germany, Germans and the German language. The article ends with conclusions along with clearly outlined avenues for further research.
Małgorzata Niemiec-Knaś / Andrzej Skwara. Język niemiecki w kształceniu dualnym. Częstochowa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczego im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. 2022. S. 183
Authors: Kic-Drgas Joanna
Published: December 2022

Małgorzata Niemiec-Knaś / Andrzej Skwara. Język niemiecki w kształceniu dualnym. Częstochowa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczego im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. 2022. S. 183
Eliadowskie zegary czasu mitologicznych i religijnych wierzeń oraz praktyk
Authors: Drozdowicz Zbigniew
Published: December 2022

In practice, every researcher of religion faces the issue of such description and explanation of various beliefs and the related practices which have to be localized in a specific place and time. On the otherhand, those of them who make the attempt to present them in a holistic manner must construct such a time clock which might be applied towards those who which they see as historically most significant. Such a scholar was Mircea Eliade. Similar to many other researchers of these beliefs and practices he had faced the problem of finding such a common “denominator” which enables us to present not only what is dividing them but also what joins them. In the latter case it had been personified by the religious persona (homo religiosus), who independently from place and time could achieve a state of such perfection which would allow eternal existence. Its main issue is based on the fact that he can only realize this desire in a specific place and time, and the latter foten becomes a serious threat to him. In Eliade’s view it is the clash between the sacred and the profane. The problem he tried to solve during his many years of research work was based not just on how to show the historical functioning of these two worlds but also how to explain the fact that in Western culture the first one is more and more giving up the field to the latter one. He had used not one but two time clocks – the first one is measuring the sacred time and the other the secular one. It is however discussable in what extent these measurements are accurate or (what is basically the same issue) if those clocks are well constructed.
Bogowie jak ludzie. Ludzkie cechy i umiejętności bogów starożytnego Bliskiego Wschodu. Część II
Authors: Sieradzan Jacek
Published: December 2022

Biblical texts attribute the same activities and features to biblical gods Yahweh and Jesus, as other – and mostly older – texts of Ancient Near East attribute to other gods. Almost all features and activities of non-biblical gods have been transfered to biblical gods. It means that Ancient Near East religious thinkers shared mostly common worldview. Our analysis undermines opinion of uniqueness of Judaism and Christianity. Such view is false, it is creation of Jewish and Christian theologians. One cannot find supprot to the view in written sources.
Socjalizacja i wychowanie. W poszukiwaniu genezy wychowania (perspektywa ewolucyjna)
Authors: Muszyński Heliodor
Published: December 2022

The author deals with the problem of differences in meaning between the concepts of socialization and education. In social sciences, and especially in educational sciences, there is no agreement as to the relationship between the scopes of these two fundamental concepts. The article attempts to overcome these semantic difficulties by adopting an evolutionary perspective in line with the assumption that education emerged as a specific type of socialization in human prehistory. The search of its essential properties (and thus differences), was guided by the cognitive directive of Aristotle, according to which “the best understanding of things is achieved by those who study them at their inception”. The article uses the method of data analysis established in numerous studies on social and cultural human development, starting from the earliest stages of life in primitive groups. Socialization appeared in these groups as a way of transmitting collective experience, and thus culture, necessary for their survival. The continuation of the analysis leads to investigating what factors made this culturation take a different form, namely that of education. As it turns out, this difference is difficult to discern in the intentionality of cultural influences. It appears only when the group becomes aware of the need to adapt adolescents to fulfill various social roles. This already requires going beyond socialization, which is always a spontaneous process including widespread participation of group members in the transmission of an experience that is also common. In order to provide selected group members with selected elements of the experience linked to their social role, the group must appoint competent members for the transfer of the experience selected to perform specific social roles. These activities constitute one more role distinguished in the group – the role of the educator. And the activities that make up their performance are education.
Utrwalanie w nauczaniu historii przy pomocy algorytmu SuperMemo i jemu podobnych – propozycja metody redagowania treści historycznych
Authors: Piotrowski Mikołaj
Published: December 2022

The historical knowledge of Poles, including Polish students, leaves much to be desired, even on a basic level. The insufficient or even the lack of consolidation is the most likely explanation of this phenomenon. The proposed solution to this problem is the SuperMemo and its similar algorithms, along with school history content specially edited for its needs. Basically an algorithm is a set of steps leading to the completion of a task. In the SuperMemo case, the task is to optimize learning, or rather to reduce forgetfulness, while reducing the time devoted to still well-remembered knowledge. Both the SuperMemo and its similar have been implemented in many applications. Quizlet or the software with the same name as the algorithm – SuperMemo, are the examples of such applications. They allow you to learn your own materials as well as those already edited, either by the producer or by other users. The previously edited school historical content for the SuperMemo algorithm and its similar cannot be considered satisfactory if important issues such as: compliance with the core curriculum, division into classes and topics, historical narrative coherence, relationships between pairs of questions and answers, or degrees of difficulty, are regarded. This article proposes a method that can improve this state of affairs. It is the result of theoretical and quasi-experimental work, corrected later on the basis of more serious editorial experience.
Le tutorat – un dispositif d’aide à la réussite dans le contexte universitaire
Authors: Sujecka-Zając Jolanta
Published: December 2022

Tutoring means personalized cognitive, metacognitive and affective support of the individual to better guide him/her on the path of learning or teaching. It seems to be experiencing a revival of interest in this difficultperiod of the pandemic where  education is increasingly conflicting between face-to-face and distance learning.Tutoring is considered to be one of the most powerful devices for helping students succeed, but we propose to show its benefits also for teacher-researchers in the pedagogical aspect of their work. Our objective will be to synthesize the French and Anglo-Saxon experience that have long explored the positive impact of tutoring in the university context as well as to examine the conditions for its  implementation in university courses in Poland.Our experience as a tutor of university teachers - although not yet very rich - will allow us to analyze some concrete cases.
Durkheimowska interpretacja moralizmu prawa według Jonathana Haidta
Authors: Juzaszek Maciej
Published: December 2022

W artykule poszukuję odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy Durkheimowski utylitaryzm, zrekonstruowany na bazie koncepcji Jonathana Haidta, może stanowić uzasadnienie egzekwowania moralności za pomocą prawa karnego (tzn. czy jest adekwatną teorią moralizmu prawa). W pierwszej części przedstawiam, czym Durkheimowski utylitaryzm jest i jakie głosi tezy, w drugiej zaś, korzystając z klucza interpretacyjnego Herberta Harta wykorzystanego w polemice z Patrickiem Devlinem, wyjaśniam, jakiego stanowiska moralistycznego teoria ta rzeczywiście broni. Ostatecznie dochodzę do wniosku, że główną tezą Durkheimowskiego utylitaryzmu jest Hartowska teza o dezintegracji. Brak odpowiedniego uzasadnienia empirycznego rodzi jednak wątpliwość, czy może on stanowić satysfakcjonującą teorię moralnego uzasadnienia kryminalizacji.
Ustawa Prawo wodne z 2017 roku w świetle zasad techniki prawodawczej
Authors: Rotko Jerzy
Published: December 2022

W artykule podjęto ocenę technicznoprawnej poprawności legislacyjnej ustawy z 20 lipca 2017 r. – Prawo wodne (t.jedn.: Dz. U. 2021, poz. 2233 ze zm.), wykorzystując metodę logiczno-językową. Za punkt odniesienia przyjęto zasady techniki prawodawczej ujęte w formie załącznika do rozporządzenia Prezesa Rady Ministrów z 20 czerwca 2002 r. w sprawie „Zasad techniki prawodawczej” (t.jedn.: Dz. U. 2016, poz. 283). Analiza sposobów wysławiania norm odgrywa kluczową rolę zarówno na etapie przygotowywania i uchwalania nowego prawa, jak i w okresie jego obowiązywania, gdyż pozwala ujawnić różne mankamenty przyjętych regulacji. Fakt, że ustawa Prawo wodne z 2017 r. obowiązuje od pięciu lat, nie pozbawia zatem zasadności podejmowanie jej całościowej oceny z punktu widzenia zgodności z zasadami techniki legislacyjnej. Potrzebę taką uzasadnia zarówno obszerność tego aktu, jak i nasycenie go nowymi rozwiązaniami ustrojowymi i materialnoprawnymi. W szerszej perspektywie analiza taka dostarcza również materiał badawczy do formułowania założeń teoretycznoprawnych procesu prawotwórstwa oraz ich ewentualnej weryfikacji. Przeprowadzone badania dowodzą, że w ustawie Prawo wodne z 2017 r. występuje stosunkowo niewiele naruszeń standardów będących treścią zasad techniki legislacyjnej. W większości nie wywołują one poważniejszych problemów w stosowaniu przepisów, ale są i takie, często niedostrzegane przy pobieżnej lekturze ustawy, które zasługują na krytykę. Chodzi o naruszanie spójności systematyki, niekonsekwencje w grupie formułowanych zakazów, które dodatkowo cechuje nadmierny rygoryzm w stosunku do wymagań prawa europejskiego, rozpraszanie zagadnień między ustawę główną i ustawy nowelizujące oraz generalnie o zjawisko nadprodukcji bytów prawnych, wprowadzające niepotrzebny szum normatywny.
Legalność samplingu muzycznego w świetle polskiego prawa autorskiego
Authors: Maryniak Łukasz
Published: December 2022

Jak wskazał Lawrence Lessig, żyjemy w czasach „kultury remiksu” – powszechny dostęp do Internetu, a przez to do wielu dóbr kultury, sprawia, że artyści często przerabiają lub w inny sposób wykorzystują twórczość innych osób. Jest to szczególnie widoczne w muzyce. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest wykazanie, że sampling muzyczny jest co do zasady zgodny z polskim prawem autorskim. W badaniach wykorzystano przede wszystkim metodę dogmatyczną, dokonując analizy przepisów ustawy o prawie autorskim i prawach pokrewnych regulujących pojęcia utworu i inspiracji oraz instytucję prawa cytatu. We wnioskach wskazano, że sampling muzyczny w wielu przypadkach nie narusza prawa autorskiego, ponieważ polega na wykorzystaniu nietwórczego (niechronionego) fragmentu utworu pierwotnego. Natomiast w pozostałych sytuacjach, tzn. wtedy gdy uzna się, że dany sampel jest jednak objęty ochroną prawnoautorską, przeważnie dopuszczalne będzie jego wykorzystywanie w ramach prawa cytatu. Niemniej powyższe twierdzenia nie oznaczają, że sampling stanowi w każdym przypadku działanie etyczne lub moralnie uzasadnione.
Wzorcowe osiedle WuWa we Wrocławiu w ocenie jego współczesnych użytkowników
Authors: Markiewicz Agnieszka
Published: December 2022

W latach dwudziestych XX stulecia kraje Europy zmagały się z dużym problemem mieszkaniowym. Był on głównie spowodowany zniszczeniami wojennymi oraz wzmożoną migracją z obszarów wiejskich do miast. Kluczowe stało się poszukiwanie idealnego środowiska mieszkaniowego, które można zbudować szybko i tanio. Awangardowa grupa Werkbund zaproponowała nowy typ osiedli budowanych ma miejscu z prefabrykatów. W celu zaprezentowania eksperymentalnych rozwiązań powstało sześć wzorcowych osiedli. Przedstawiały one najnowsze osiągnięcia techniczne oraz najnowsze idee planistyczne. Choć część założeń spotkała się z krytyką samych mieszkańców, wiele z zaprezentowanych przez Werkbund rozwiązań weszło na stałe do kanonu budownictwa mieszkaniowego. Najlepiej zachowanym z sześciu osiedli jest wrocławskie osiedle WuWa. Artykuł przedstawia założenia idei osiedla społecznego oraz historię i okoliczności powstania osiedla WuWa. W artykule podjęto rozważania dotyczące tego, w jaki sposób modernistyczne założenia wrocławskiego osiedla Werkbundu przetrwały próbę czasu. W tym celu przeprowadzone zostały ustrukturyzowane wywiady swobodne ze współczesnymi mieszkańcami osiedla. Założenia, które leżały u podstaw ideologii modernistycznych, nie przetrwały próby czasu, ponieważ zmieniły się uwarunkowania społeczno-kulturowe, chociaż osiedle cieszy się dużym zainteresowaniem oraz uznaniem obecnych mieszkańców. Na podstawie zebranego materiału można wyciągnąć wniosek, że na osiedlu mieszka się komfortowo, a założenia urbanistyczne osiedla wciąż są aktualne. Należy pamiętać, że wystawa „Mieszkanie i miejsce pracy” była projektem eksperymentalnym i ważnym w historii budownictwa mieszkaniowego, ponieważ zapoczątkowała dyskusję wokół mieszkań społecznie najpotrzebniejszych.
Rozwój kompetencji komunikacyjnej studenta specjalności ‘Język angielski w biznesie i zarządzaniu’ oraz ‘Lektor i tłumacz języka angielskiego’ w przestrzeni uczelni o profilu praktycznym
Authors: Bielak Marlena Iwona
Published: December 2022

The paper is devoted to the problem of shaping communicative competence at the level of higher education neoophilological studies with regard to the expectations of the socio-economic environment. Therefore, the publication outlines the evolution of the idea of communicative competence on the basis of selected theories and describes the tendency of moving away from the Humboldtian model of university towards an approach that takes into consideration the requirements of the socio-economic environment in order to reflect them in study programmes. In relation to the above concept, the paper also demonstrates factors determining the development of students’ communicative competence in the space of a practical profile university. The research presents an analysis of the development of communicative competence of the student of first-cycle studies conducted at a practical profile university, specialization: ‘The English language in business and management’ and ‘Instructor and translator of the English language’.
Rozwój kompetencji językowo-komunikacyjnej ucznia języka angielskiego w ekosystemie szkolnym. Obserwacje poszerzone o doświadczenia w nauczaniu podczas pandemii Covid-19 w 2020 roku
Authors: Filar-Pieczkowska Judyta
Published: December 2022

Pandemic Covid-19 was the time which undermined the existing systems of work and communication in all fields including education. Firstly the model of linguistic-communicative competence was defined in ecolinguistic perspective. Secondly the author aimed to verify if development of student’s linguistic-communicative competence in school ecosystem was shattered in pandemic environment and if it did so in what way. It was assumed that a teacher in order to shape student’s resources of skills, knowledge and motivation uses verbal and non-verbal managing strategies at certain levels: managing strategies of knowledge, managing strategies of interaction resources and managing strategies of class infrastructure.
Contemporary homo politicus as an ideal orator. A pragmalinguistic analysis of the inaugural addresses of American presidents from 1981 to 2021
Authors: Urbaniak Artur
Published: December 2022

The article is a pragmalinguistic analysis of the inaugural addresses delivered by U.S. presidents from 1981 to 2021. The study was conducted using Voyant Tools, a computer software used in corpus linguistics. Four aspects/parameters of the text that affect its level of complexity and thus the level of assimilation of the message (reading ease) were examined. The analysis included (1) lexical density; (2) average sentence length; (3) readability indices including: Gunning Fog, Flesch-Kincaid and SMOG Index; and (4) a tag cloud (cirrus). The point of reference is the classical Ciceronian concept of the Ideal Speaker, which assumes that the political communicator is both erudite, and linguistically competent, encompassing Latin terms sapientia (the personification of widsdom) and eloquentia (the art of oratory). It boils down to an assumption that a fully competent political actor knows the rules of making speeches so as to reach both elites (Latin: optimates) and ordinary citizens (Latin populares). Using a pragmalinguistic approach, it was questioned whether the presidential addresses analyzed provide evidence that the communicators delivering them meet the criteria, fitting into the role of the ideal orator.
Tunezyjskie wspólnoty pasterskie jako wspólnoty komunikacyjne
Authors: Oueslati Jamila
Published: December 2022

This article examines Tunisian pastoralists in light of the theory of communicative communities. The pastoral reality occurs as a stream of events that appear and disappear in the multi-dimensional pastoral reality. Each such dimension, or parameter thereof is a system of homogenous characteristics, reflecting essential aspects of the diverse pastoral experience. Tunisian pastoralism can be understood as the family comprised of all Tunisian pastoral communities. The contents of this article were ordered with a framework of two components – terminological and postulative. The first is devoted to a definition of terms which reveal the linguistic and cultural richness of the pastoral community, simultaneously providing insight into the conceptual content of the theoretical undertaking proposed here. The postulative component, on the other hand, takes up the relations between the objects denoted by the terms defined with the help of a system of postulates which reflect the propositional content of this work. Although the article, of necessity, treats only selected aspects of Tunisian pastoral reality, it does, however, present the linguistic and cultural specifics of the Tunisian pastoral community.
Hemorrhagic adenovirus cystitis in a newborn
Authors: Alexandre Susana M. D. , Matos Carolina O. C. C. , Fortunato Fabiana C. F. , Sandes Ana R. M. C.
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Gross hematuria is rare in the neonate and requires prompt etiology evaluation and intervention. This article aims to draw attention to adenovirus as a cause of hematuria in newborns.

Case presentation

We present the case of a newborn admitted to the neonatal unit after birth with respiratory distress. Empiric treatment with ampicillin and gentamicin was initiated. He presented a favorable clinical and laboratory course with decreasing inflammatory parameters. On day 7 gross hematuria was detected and the urinalysis revealed red blood cells, trace of proteins and leukocytes. Cefotaxime was added after urine and blood cultures. Doppler ultrasound showed bladder sediment with no signs of renal venous thrombosis and the cultures were negative. There was a progressive improvement of gross hematuria with resolution on day 16. Urine adenovirus PCR was positive and the diagnosis of adenovirus hemorrhagic cystitis was made.

Conclusions

Adenovirus should be considered as a potential etiology if clinical symptoms and urinalysis are suggestive of infection, but the urine culture is negative and ensuring that all other possible causes of hematuria are ruled of. As far as the authors know, this is the first case report of a newborn with adenovirus hemorrhagic cystitis.