bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antonymous Adjectives Markedly Used
Authors: Al-Azzawi Qasim Obayes , Addai Salih Mahdi
Published: January 2018

The concept of “markedness in the work of Prague school linguists refers to relationships between two complementary or antonymous terms which can be distinguished by the presence of a feature (+a versus -a). Such a position can occur at various linguistic levels. Markedness contrasts for example, can arise at the morphological level, when one of the two words is derived from the other and therefore contains an explicit formal marker such as a prefix (profitable - unprofitable). Markedness contrasts also appear at the semantic level in many pairs of gradable antonymous adjectives, especially scalar ones.
Pembelajaran Fisika dengan Model Siklus Belajar 5-E (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate) sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kecakapan Hidup Siswa
Authors: Hikmawati Hikmawati
Published: January 2018

Life skills of students and teachers in the Province of West Nusa Tenggara, especially the island of Lombok is still low. Development of life skills is not optimal attention of government and education observers. Life Skills is a skill that must have to dare to face the problems of life and everyday life with a reasonable without feeling depressed, then proactively and creatively search for and find a solution so as to cope. Life skills can be developed through classroom learning, including learning physics. Physics should be viewed as a process and at the same time so that the product in physics learning two things must be taken into consideration in choosing a model of learning that the learning process can be both effective and efficient. Application of the learning cycle model of 5-E (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate) may be an alternative for teachers to achieve the expected learning goals. This model can facilitate active learning in exploratory activities through interaction with the teacher, as well as with other students. Thus, the application of the learning cycle model of 5-E in learning physics is expected to increase students' life skills
Efek Multimedia Pembelajaran pada Kemampuan Siswa Menjawab Soal Analisis Energi pada Perubahan Wujud Air: Sebuah Tinjauan pada Siswa Kelas X Sman 3 Mataram
Authors: Imran Imran , Harjono Ahmad , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect learning multimedia on studentsÃ¢â¬â¢ ability to answer problems on heat concepts, especially in the analysis of the of energy in water form change. The study was conducted in class X of SMAN 3 Mataram. Total number of sample was 80 students, divided into two classes: 42 students in Experimental class taught using interactive learningmultimedia, and 38 student in control class taught without interactive learningmultimedia. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. The results showed that the ability of the students working on the energy analysis is better in the experimental class than the control class (ÃÂ± = 0.05; sig = 0.03).
Efektifitas Model Pembelajaran Perubahan Konseptual Untuk Mengatasi Miskonsepsi Fisika pada Siswa Kelas X Sman 1 Praya Barat Tahun Pelajaran 2012/2013
Authors: Pebriyanti Dwi , Sahidu Hairunnisyah , Sutrio Sutrio
Published: January 2018

This research is a pre-experimental research with one group pretest Ã¢â¬â posttest design. The aim of this research is to know the efectivity of the conceptual changes model to solve the physics misconception of students in grade X SMAN 1 Praya Barat for academic year 2012/2013. The population is all of the students grade X SMAN 1 Praya Barat, it is 273 students and the sample is grade X.6, its 33 students that taking by using purposive sampling technique. The misconception data analized using gain value and N-gain. We get gain value (G) 17,5 % and N-gain  0,65 with medium criteria. ItÃ¢â¬â¢s mean that the conceptual changes model is efective to solve the student misconception in grade X SMAN 1 Praya Barat with medium criteria.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Laboratorium Virtual Terhadap Penguasaan Konsep dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa pada Materi Getaran dan Gelombang
Authors: Hermansyah Hermansyah , Gunawan Gunawan , Herayanti Lovy
Published: January 2018

This research aims to know the effect of using virtual laboratorial towards concept mastery and creative thinking ability of students on the material of vibrations and waves. This research is an experimental research that uses pretest-postest control group design. The population of this research is all grade VIII students of SMPN 1 Alas Barat in the academic year 2013/2014 and the sample of this research is grade VIII3 as experimental group and VIII4 as control group that determined by cluster random sampling technique. The instrument thet used to collect the data is test that made in terms of multiple choices and essay test. The data is analysed by statistical formula of N-Gain and t-test. The result of N-Gain of experimental group concepts mastery is 0,5% and control group is 0,2%. Meanwhile, the result of N-Gain of experimental group creative thinking ability is 0,3% and control group is 0,1%. The resultof t-test shows that tobtined of concepts mastery is 1,877 Ã¢â°Â¥ ttable is 1,671. Whereas, for creative thinking ability shows that tobtined is 1,998 Ã¢â°Â¥ ttable is 1,671. It means that there is a difference of concept mastery and creative thinking ability of students on the material of vibrations and waves. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of virtual laboratorial has an effect towards concept mastery and creative thinking ability of students on the material of vibrations and waves.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah melalui Metode Eksperimen Terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Fisika Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Selong Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015
Authors: Susanto Dharmawan , Sutrio Sutrio , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: January 2018

This study is an experimental aims to finding out the effect of problem based learning through experimental methods on studentÃ¢â¬â¢s physics science process skills of SMA Negeri 1 Selong academic year 2014/2015. The design of this study used pretest-posttest control group design, while the sampling technique used cluster random sampling. The population of this study is students of grade X Science Program SMA Negeri 1 Selong, while the samples are the students of class X 1 (experimental group) and class X 4 (control group). The instrument of this study is the science process skills test. The result data was analyzed by t-test pooled variant two tails. Obtain values thint = 5.38, ttable = 1.99 at the significance level of 5%. Because - ttable < thint > + ttable, then Ho will be rejected and Ha will be accepted which indicates that there is significant the effect of problem based learning through the experimental method on physics science process skills of students of SMA Negeri 1 Selong academic year 2014/2015.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Assure dan Pengetahuan Awal Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA-Fisika Siswa Kelas Viii SMPN 22 Mataram
Authors: Muammar Haerul , Harjono Ahmad , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: January 2018

This is an experimental research. This research aim to examine the effect of ASSURE learning model and prior knowledge on science learning outcome in class VIII of SMPN 22 Mataram. The population is entire students in class VIII SMPN 22 Mataram with VIIIB as experiment class and VIIIC as control class. Both divided into high and low prior knowldege group. This research use factorial design 2x2. Hypothesis test use two ways anava. We got that (1) learning model take significant effect on learning outcome that ASSURE model get higher score than konventional model, (2) prior knowledge take significant effect on learning out come that higher prior knowledge get higher score than the low one, and (3) there is no interaction between learning model and prior knowledge on learning outcome. N-Gain test shown that high prior knowledge of ASSURE class get most improvement result and low pior knowledge of conventional class get worst. It is better to continue this ASSURE learning model in research using another student characterictic analyze. High prior knowledge experiment class get improvement result in all sub-chapter. Low prior knowledge experiment class and high prior knowledge control class get most improvement in wave characteristic. Low prior knowledge control class get most improvement in vibration characteristic.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Moodle pada Mata Kuliah Fisika Dasar
Authors: Herayanti Lovy , Fuaddunnazmi M. , Habibi Habibi
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study was to fundamental develop a Moodle-based learning media and know how to influence the use of instructional media on physics course. This research includes the development of research conducted through three stages that is: preliminary studies, design development, and testing media. Subjects of the study were students at the FPMIPA IKIP Mataram which was following the fundamental Physics course. Moodle-based learning media development in fundamental physics courses have been designed and have done the settings on the story board and page navigation, profile settings, administration settings, and management course settings. Devices and media that have been developed and then validated and tested on a limited scale.
Pembelajaran Kooperatif dengan Media Virtual untuk Peningkatan Penguasaan Konsep Fluida Statis Siswa
Authors: Nisrina Nina , Gunawan Gunawan , Harjono Ahmad
Published: January 2018

Physics is contain a lot of abstract concept.this thing arise studentÃ¢â¬â¢s difficulty in learning physics individually. This difficulty can be solved by educatorsÃÂ  with using the method of cooperative learning on teaching their pupil. Beside of that, on teaching abstract concept can be helped by using virtual media. Because of that, this research is aim to test the effect of cooperative learning with virtual media toward the studentÃ¢â¬â¢s conceptual understanding in physics on static fluid matter. Pre-test and post-test was gived to experiment and control class. The instrument of the test is conceptual test which consist of six cognitive aspect. The result show that the cooperative learning with virtual media increased studentÃ¢â¬â¢s conceptual understanding in static fluid and significantly increased at sub-matter Archimedes law and fluid pressure. This result also showed the increase of studentÃ¢â¬â¢s cognitive abilty on experiment class, but one of cognitive aspect C6 (create), control class more better than experiment class.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) dengan Metode Eksperimen Terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Hasil Belajar Fisika pada Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Labuapi Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016
Authors: Juraini Juraini , Taufik Muhammad , Gunada I Wayan
Published: January 2018

This study is aimed to know the influence of cooperative learning type STAD by experiment method towards science process skill and studentÃ¢â¬â¢s output in learning physics at SMAN 1 Labuapi in academic year 2015/2016. The method used in this study was quasi experimental design of untreated control group design pretest-posttest. The population of this study was the overall students of X class at SMAN 1 Labuapi, where there are 4 classes with random sampling technique in taking the subject. Two sample was taken as the subject of this study where X-D as experimental class which was treated using cooperative learning of type STAD by experiment method and X-A as control class. Technique of data analysis of this study was two sample t-test. Based on the result of this study, it can be concluded: (1) there was the influence of cooperative learning of type STAD by experiment method towards science process skill of studentÃ¢â¬â¢s physics, (2) there was the influence of cooperative learning of type STAD by experiment method towards studentÃ¢â¬â¢s output in learning physics.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Advance Organizer Menggunakan Video Pembelajaran Terhadap Hasil Belajar Fisika Peserta Didik Kelas XI
Authors: Hamdanillah Nurul , Harjono Ahmad , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: January 2018

This research is aimed to identify the effect of advance organizer learning model through video learning towards physics learning outcome of second grade students MIA SMAN 2 Labuapi. Advance Organizer is a learning model which consists of 3 phases: presentation of Advance Organizer, presentation of learning assignment or learning of material, and strengthen the cognitive structure. There are three domains of learning objective concerned in the study, which are, first cognitive aspect from C1 until C6 (knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation), second is affective aspect and the last is psychomotor aspect. The student cognitive learning outcome was done by using objective test. Based on data analysis, t count > t table, as the result, the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted that there was the influence of advance organizer learning model through video learning towards physics learning outcome ofÃÂ  second grade students MIA SMAN 2 Labuapi.
Penumbuhan Film SnO2 Dengan Doping Al-Zn Menggunakan Teknik Sol-Gel Dip Coating
Authors: Ikraman Norma , Doyan Aris , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: January 2018

Al-Zn doped SnO2 (Sn1-2xAlxZnxO2) film has been growth using the sol-gel dip coating technique. The basic materials used in this study were water, C2H5OH, SnCl2.2H2O, AlCl3 and ZnCl2 with 99% purity (merck) with doping concentration variation x = 0.000, 0.005, 0.025, and 0.050. Glass substrate with size 2.54 mm x 76.2 mm x 1 mm cleaned with detergent, soaked in 30% HCl solution For 1 day and dried at 100ÃÂ°C. The process of making a SnO2 sol is done by mixing the precursor with various concentrations with water and stirring using a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes at a temperature of 80 ÃÂ° C. The next step by adding ethanol, stirring at 80 ÃÂ° C. for 2 hours to obtain 0.4 M sol solution The deposition of SnO2 film was carried out using a dip coater with a whitdrawl speed 12 cm/min and then heated for nucleation and grown using an electric furnace at 600 ÃÂ° C for 30 minutes. This step is repeated as much as 5 repetitions to get the SnO2 film by doing Al-Zn.
Pandillas y conflicto urbano en Colombia
Authors: Restrepo Carlos Mario Perea
Published: January 2018

Las pandillas proliferan en todo el mundo. Su forma de habitar la localidad, a través del ejercicio de una cruda transgresión violenta, las ha puesto en el centro de la preocupación sobre la seguridad en la ciudad. La pandilla acude a la criminalidad y administra la violencia, no cabe duda. No obstante, la mirada y la tramitación del conflicto urbano no pueden desconocer a los otros actores partícipes de las guerras de pavimento: los vecinos organizados en defensas urbanas, las operaciones de limpieza, los actores armados, la delincuencia y hasta la policía. Esta otra cara, donde queda comprometido el fundamento mismo de la institucionalidad, suele ser olvidada. Mediante la mirada a tres ciudades colombianas, el artículo aborda entonces el papel y las formas de operación de dos de estos otros actores de la conflictividad urbana: los vecinos y las operaciones de limpieza.
La construcción de etnoterritorios en las culturas indígenas de Oaxaca
Authors: Barabas Alicia M.
Published: January 2018

Este ensayo intenta una reflexión sobre las categorías espacio, lugar y territorio: espacio como continente más amplio, lugar como núcleo de densificación significativa y territorio como espacio cultural, instrumental e históricamente apropiado por una sociedad, que por lo común implica nociones de frontera. En este contexto pueden inscribirse las representaciones o nociones espaciales de origen mesoamericano presentes actualmente en los grupos etnolingüísticos de Oaxaca. En relación con esas representaciones, la autora intenta elaborar un modelo descriptivo de construcción de etnoterritorios que parte de la base de las nociones territoriales de centro y frontera,
conectados éstos por redes, para delimitar etnoterritorios simbólicos construidos a partir de la cosmovisión, la mitología y las prácticas rituales.
Las regiones en México: nuevas lecturas e interpretaciones
Authors: Hoffmann Odile
Published: January 2018

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Saberse infectadas. Repercusiones de la detección de VIH en mujeres diagnosticadas durante el embarazo
Authors: Pedrosa Laura A.
Published: January 2018

La epidemia de VIH /SIDA ha ido cobrando importancia numérica entre las mujeres. Diversos elementos han favorecido su incremento por transmisión sexual, entre los que se cuentan los asociados al mayor riesgo biológico de las mujeres, a su condición de género y a un mayor empobrecimiento. El artículo se refiere a la manera en que seis mujeres embarazadas portadoras de VIH organizan su vida a partir del diagnóstico de infección. En él se describe y analiza, desde un enfoque socioantropológico, su encuentro con la infección, los cambios inmediatos ocurridos en sus vidas y a su alrededor y el proceso de ocultamiento social del nuevo estado, desde el cual deben
reconstruir la propia identidad. El trabajo contempla el contexto sociocultural en que ocurre la infección, teniendo como eje la condición de género, pobreza, marginación y estigma.
Trascendiendo
Authors: Gómez Amaranta
Published: January 2018

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Soy mi familia, mi historia, mis esfuerzos
Authors: Islas Francisco Cervantes
Published: January 2018

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Una invitación poco común: hablemos purépecha
Authors: Villavicencio Frida
Published: January 2018

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Elementos para la crítica de la economía política de la pobreza
Authors: Boltvinik Julio
Published: January 2018

This paper presents a critique of the traditional approach or political economy of poverty (PEP), which is the basis of the new focus (or paradigm in the making) of poverty and human flourishing recently developed by the author (of which a summary is included).The critique analyses utilitarianism, the opulence approach or real income approach, the neoclassical theory of consumer behaviour, Sen and Nusbaum’s capabilities approaches, the definitions of poverty and the object of
study of PEP (the concepts of needs, satisfiers and resources). In the last two cases the critique is external and stems from the newly developed approach that shows the multiple reductionism in which PEP incurs and why it is unavoidable within the prevailing paradigm.
Sobre la posibilidad de una teoría crítica
Authors: Márkus György
Published: January 2018

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La educación del deseo: el redescubrimiento de William Morris
Authors: Levitas Ruth
Published: January 2018

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El dilema corporativo del comunalismo forestal
Authors: Garibay Claudio
Published: January 2018

This paper reflects on the effect that communal forestry ventures have on the social order of traditional indigenous peasant communities. From a material standpoint, the paper analyses the transformation of a family-oriented economy to a collectivist system that involves whole villages. In the realm of social reciprocity there’s a shift from a liberal mode to a corporate one. In the political order there’s an evolution towards a centralized self-government and a strong authority.This transformation
process can be exemplified by the amazing case of the San Pedro el Alto Zapotec community, located on the Sierra Sur of Oaxaca.
Un panorama del estatus actual del maya yucateco escrito
Authors: Brody Michal
Published: January 2018

Among the indigenous languages of México,Yucatec Maya (Maaya) is a unique case. Maaya writing has existed for more than a millennium-written with glyphs before the arrival of the Europeans, and with graphs of the Latin alphabet since then. In the last decades, the language and culture —as well as the written language— have enjoyed a new social appreciation.This paper presents an overview of the current status of written Maaya, analyzes its situation, and speculates about its
future development. Despite its recent appreciation, Maaya/Spanish biliteracy is generally not perceived as essential or highly desirable. Significantly,many current publications are written for an audience of beginners and within the framework of Spanish. However, there are reasons to expect that Maaya writing will flourish and prosper.
Por los entrecruces del género, la justicia y la legalidad en tierras indígenas
Authors: Castillo Rosalva Aída Hernández
Published: January 2018

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El discurso político indígena en América Latina
Authors: Suárez Águeda Gómez
Published: January 2018

This paper attempts to make a meticulous analysis of the political messages constructed by some prominent indigenous movements in LatinAmerica. In order to do so, the author chose the theoretical framework called frame analysis —an analytical category originated by Goffman’s symbolic interactionism— which today is regarded as a central element in the identity formation of social actors and their “social performance”. The systematization of certain significant ideas that shape the indigenous ideological matrix into several “frameworks of interpretation” is performed by these social subjects with the purpose of projecting unto others an image that generates certain impressions
in their audience and defines a set of problems, their causes, their solutions and the adversaries. The “political success” of their proposals and political program depends on the resonance that these “frameworks” can achieve with different internal and external audiences.
Carmen Castañeda García. Maestra Emérita
Authors: Peregrina Angélica
Published: January 2018

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Midiendo la calidad de la democracia en España
Authors: Ávila Roberto Tejeda
Published: January 2018

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¿Fue realmente útil para la sociedad el voto a favor de Vicente Fox?
Authors: Sáiz Juan Manuel Ramírez
Published: January 2018

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Comentario.Imaginar la soberanía alimentaria y las oportunidades para las agriculturas del México globalizado
Authors: Gómez Guadalupe Rodríguez
Published: January 2018

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El tigre en la turbina. Poder y energía en el territorio naso de Panamá
Authors: Paiement Jason Jaques
Published: January 2018

En el año 2005 se propusieron tres grandes proyectos de desarrollo y conservación para reordenar el territorio naso de Bocas del Toro en Panamá. Este artículo presenta un análisis de los conflictos relacionados con las diversas representaciones sociales, culturales y ambientales desarrolladas en torno a estas tres propuestas con el fin de evaluar la equidad de la distribución de sus impactos. Se enfatiza la necesidad de realizar análisis más sofisticados y de ser más escépticos con respecto a las justificaciones brindadas por las autoridades tradicionales, las agencias gubernamentales y las empresas privadas involucradas en proyectos de desarrollo y conservación de los recursos naturales en áreas indígenas.
El gasconismo: surgimiento de una cultura política regional
Authors: Rea Rodríguez Carlos Rafael
Published: January 2018

En el presente artículo se analiza una cultura política regional de izquierda: el gasconismo en Nayarit (en alusión a Alejandro Gascón Mercado, figura emblemática de la izquierda de este estado de México durante cerca de tres décadas). Esta cultura política se convirtió, gracias a la exitosa e influyente gestión del Partido Popular Socialista al mando del XXVI Ayuntamiento deTepic (1972-1975), en una matriz simbólica que alimentó la constitución de las identidades políticas de izquierda no sólo entre los miembros del partido político en que surgió, sino también entre amplias franjas de la población del municipio y del estado. Así, en un segundo momento del análisis, se estudiarán los componentes y las operaciones de la configuración identitaria a la que la cultura gasconista dio vida.
Una aventura inolvidable. El huracán Emily en el estado de Quintana Roo
Authors: Ramírez Lucía Guadalupe Matías
Published: January 2018

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La resignificación del trabajo y el consumo
Authors: Arias Patricia
Published: January 2018

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A la búsqueda de los tiempos perdidos. Estado de los archivos locales: el caso de Hidalgo
Authors: Bautista Mariano E. Torres
Published: January 2018

This paper presents an over view of the largest repositories of written histor y in the state of Hidalgo. It repor ts the author’s findings and obser vations, gathered throughout archives in Pachuca and the rest of the state, which show the main flaws detected in the way most of these archives operate, particularly outside the state’s capital, and the problems generated during their use. The author’s diagnosis detects cer tain questions per taining to the formation and existence of public archives, which require urgent attention because these elements place them in risk situations.
El Archivo General del Estado de Coahuila y la transparencia. "En defensa de nuestra memoria"
Authors: García Martha Rodríguez
Published: January 2018

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Renato Rosaldo: ensayos en antropología crítica
Authors: Villarreal Magdalena
Published: January 2018

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Los libros parroquiales como fuentes complementarias para la historia de la Mixteca
Authors: Lejarazu Manuel A. Hermann
Published: January 2018

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Presentación. Ciencias sociales y complejidad
Authors: Molina Virginia
Published: January 2018

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La indeterminación entrópica. Notas sobre disipación de energía, evolución y complejidad
Authors: Tyrtania Leonardo
Published: January 2018

Complexity refers to a non-equilibrium physical regime in which systems exist on the brink of chaos and uncertainty. To exist means dissipating energy. Complexity is the art of transferring dissipated energy to other times, spaces and systems. The complexity paradigm provides elements that allow us to explain and order reality. Our knowledge is able to give us bearings because it evolves as an integral part of reality itself.Culture is the name of a new kind of complexity that provides the ideal environment for the inclusion of systems of a different nature within social dissipation systems.
Diferencia que hace diferencia. Migración y organización familiar
Authors: Iguíniz Margarita Estrada
Published: January 2018

This paper puts forward the idea that immigration constitutes a difference that makes a difference, since it provides families with information, experiences, as well as economic and cultural resources. In this way, the structure of families that include an immigrant is modified in accordance with the position of the migrant: father, son or spouse. The interrelation between immigration and the position of the migrant brings about positive aspects regarding the living standards and relationships among family members and, at the same time, some elements that generate tensions and conflicts.
Spatial Data Analysis: Recommendations for Educational Infrastructure in Sindh
Authors: Ansari Abdul Aziz , Rehman M. Abdul , Waqas Ahmad , Siddiqui Shafaq
Published: January 2018

Analysing the Education infrastructure has become a crucial activity in imparting quality teaching and resources to students. Facilitations required in improving current education status and future schools is an important analytical component. This is best achieved through a Geographical Information System (GIS) analysis of the spatial distribution of schools. In this work, we will execute GIS Analytics on the rural and urban school distributions in Sindh, Pakistan. Using a reliable dataset collected from an international survey team, GIS analysis is done with respect to: 1) school locations, 2) school facilities (water, sanitation, class rooms etc.) and 3) student’s results. We will carry out analysis at district level by presenting several spatial results. Correlational analysis of highly influential factors, which may impact the educational performance will generate recommendations for planning and development in weak areas which will provide useful insights regarding effective utilization of resources and new locations to build future schools. The time series analysis will predict the future results which may be witnessed through keen observations and data collections.
Improvement of Requirement Elicitation Process through Cognitive Psychology
Authors: Fatima Sana , Khand Qamar Uddin , Siddique Jawaid Ahmed , Memon Zulfiqar Ali
Published: January 2018

Proper requirement elicitation is necessary for client satisfaction along with the overall project success, but requirement engineers face problems in understanding user requirements and the users of the required system fail to make requirement engineering team understand what they actually want. It is then responsibility of requirement engineers to extract proper requirements. This paper discusses how to use cognitive psychology and learning style models (LSM) to understand the psychology of clients. Moreover, it also discusses usage of proper elicitation technique according to one’s learning style and gather the right requirements.
Reflections of Practical Implementation of the academic course Analysis and Design of Algorithms taught in the Universities of Pakistan
Authors: Shamsi Faryal , Nazeer Muhammad Irshad , Memon Raheel Ahmed , Mangrio Muhammad Ismail
Published: January 2018

This Analysis and Design of Algorithm is considered as a compulsory course in the field of Computer Science. It increases the logical and problem solving skills of the students and make their solutions efficient in terms of time and space.  These objectives can only be achieved if a student practically implements what he or she has studied throughout the course. But if the contents of this course are merely studied and rarely practiced then the actual goals of the course is not fulfilled.

This article will explore the extent of practical implementation of the course of analysis and design of algorithm. Problems faced by the computer science community and major barriers in the field are also enumerated. Finally, some recommendations are made to overcome the obstacles in the practical implementation of analysis and design of algorithms.
A Remotely Deployable Wind Sonic Anemometer
Authors: Awais Muhammad , Abbas Zaidi Syed Suleman , Marvi Murk , Khurram Muhammad
Published: January 2018

Communication and computing shape up base for explosion of Internet of Things (IoT) era. Humans can efficiently control the devices around their environment as per requirements because of IoT, the communication between different devices brings more flexibility in surrounding. Useful data is also gathered from some of these devices to create Big Data; where, further analysis assist in making life easier by developing good business models corresponding to user needs, enhance scientific research, formulating weather prediction or monitoring systems and contributing in other relative fields as well. Thus, in this research a remotely deployable IoT enabled Wind Sonic Anemometer has been designed and deployed to calculate average wind speed, direction, and gust. The proposed design is remotely deployable, user-friendly, power efficient and cost-effective because of opted modules i.e., ultrasonic sensors, GSM module, and solar panel. The testbed was also deployed at the roof of Computer & Information Systems Engineering (CIS) department, NED UET. Further, its calibration has been carried out by using long short-term memory (LSTM), a deep learning technique; where ground truth data has been gathered from mechanical wind speed sensor (NRG-40 H) deployed at top of Industrial & Manufacturing (IM) department of NED UET. The obtained results are satisfactory and the performance of designed sensor is also good under various weather conditions.
Closed Reduction and Cast Versus Percutaneous Pinning in Distal Radius Fracture
Authors: Shrestha Bipan , Pandey A , Singh G P , Shrestha K M , Shrestha R
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND:There is much debate regarding the optimal treatment of displaced distal radius fracture. The purpose of this prospective study was to compare functional and radiological outcomes of displaced distal radial fracture treated with cast or percutaneous pin.MATERIALS & METHODS: Sixty patients of all age groups with non comminuted extra-articular and partially articular fracture of the distal radius were included in this study. After randomization, thirty patients were treated with cast and thirty patients with percutaneous pins. For pin group below elbow volar slab was applied for three weeks. After three weeks, slab was removed and wrist physiotherapy started. Depending on radiological and clinical union, cast or pin was removed at around six to eight weeks. Follow-up was conducted at 1 week, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months and 6 months. Radiographic assessment was done at each visit, while functional scores were obtained at 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 3 months and 6 months. Outcomes at fixed time points were compared between two groups with standard statistical methods.RESULTS: Mean age group in pin and cast group was 27 and 42 years respectively. Other than age, both the groups were identical with respect to sex, side and dominance of hand. Overall Pin group had better functional and radiological outcome than cast group. Pin group also had better Satio grading (p 0.002) where 96.6% of cases had excellent to good result unlike cast group where only 76.7% of cases achieved these result. Complication rate also were higher in cast group especially radial collapse (p <0.001) and malunion (p 0.004).CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous pinning with immobilization in volar slab in neutral position for 3 weeks has better radiological and functional outcome than cast in the treatment of non comminuted extra-articular and partially articular distal radius fracture. Moreover percutaneous pinning is a simple and safe procedure.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2017) Vol.05 No.01 Issue 15, Page: 1-7
Vascular Injury and Its Management: Experience at Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal
Authors: Shah Santosh , Poudel Rajesh , Bhandari Tika Ram , Shah Damber Bikram , Sigdel Ghanshyam , Chandra Kailash
Published: January 2018

INTRODUCTION: Vascular trauma is a common life-threatening injury leading to serious consequences if not timely and efficiently managed. Although they represent less than 3% of all injuries, they deserve special attention because of their severe complications. The aim of this study was to analyze the causes of injury, presentations, surgical (recent) approaches, outcomes, and complications of vascular trauma.  MATERIALS & METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis performed over 6 months. From December 2015 to May 2016, 12 patients were included in the study and were operated upon for peripheral vascular injuries. Diagnosis was made by physical examination as well as with hand Doppler alone or in combination with Doppler scan. Primary vascular repair was carried out whenever possible; however, if it was not possible, an interposition vein graft was placed.  RESULTS:  Of the total 12 patients who sustained major vascular injuries during this period, 9 sustained injuries to the upper limb vessels, 3 had injuries of the lower limb vessels. Trauma with sharp object was the cause in 4 cases, blunt trauma was the cause in 4 cases and rupture pesudoaneurysm was the cause in 2 cases and ruptured aneurysm was the cause in 2 cases. Of the 12 patients, 12 patients were successfully managed by vascular reconstruction without any residual disability. There were 8 male patients (66.67%) and 4 female patients (33.33%), and their ages ranged from 16–60 years (mean 35 years).  CONCLUSION:  Patients who suffer vascular injuries should be transferred to vascular surgery centers as soon as possible. Decisive management of peripheral vascular trauma will maximize patient survival and limb salvage. Priorities must be established in the management of associated injuries, and delay must be avoided when ischemic changes are present.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2017) Vol.05 No.01 Issue 15, Page: 8-11
Effect of Early Surgery on Outcome In Perforation Peritonitis
Authors: Bhandari Tika Ram , Poudel Rajesh , Chandra Kailash
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis and emergent surgical management of perforation peritonitis remain the mainstay of treatment. The aim of study was to find the effect of early surgery on postoperative outcome in patients with perforation peritonitis.MATERIALS & METHODS: A retrospective medical report of 200 patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy and proceed for perforation peritonitis from July 2015 to December 2016 was studied. Patients were divided into two groups based on the time of surgery i.e: Early (<6 hours) and late (≥6 hours) intervention groups. All perioperative outcome of surgery were analyzed.RESULTS: Late intervention patients were more likely to develop complications (34.3 and 17.8%, P < 0.05) and mortality (14 and 6%, P<0.05) in comparison to early intervention patients and had significantly higher median time to resumption of normal diet (5and 2.8 days, length of hospital stay (15 and 9 days) and length of ICU stay (8 and 4 days) (P < 0.05). The time to operation (≥ 6 hours) and preoperative hypotension were independent risk factors for postoperative complications in multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION: Early surgical intervention within six hours along with broad spectrum antibiotics preceded by adequate aggressive resuscitation improves postoperative outcomes in perforation peritonitis.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2017) Vol.05 No.01 Issue 15, page: 12-16
A Cadaveric Study of Length of Trachea in Nepalese Population of Various Age Groups
Authors: Sharma Nitasha , Khan Gulam Anwar , Pandit Ruku
Published: January 2018

INTRODUCTION :The trachea is centrally located membranocartilaginous unpaired hollow organ extending downwards as a continuation of the larynx. The study of the semorphometric variations is of profound clinical importance as it may help the clinicians to understand the etiology of several pulmonary diseases and the surgeons to deal with resection and reconstruction of the tracheobronchial tree. This knowledge is also helpful for smooth conduction of some maneuvers like endotracheal intubation and bronchoscopic procedures.MATERIALS & METHODS: A study of length of human trachea was undertaken in the Department of Anatomy, College of Medical Science Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal from april 2012 to December 2013. Twenty nine specimens were collected out of which, sixteen were male and thirteen were female. The specimens were grouped into five age groups for both sexes. The length of trachea, was measured and, standard error (SE), standard deviation(SD) and test of significance were calculated using independent sample 't' test and multiple comparison test. RESULTS:The length of trachea, there was a rapid increase in length from 0-15 years group to 16-25 years group in both the sexes. Thereafter it exhibited very insignificant variations from 26-40 and 41-55 years group in both sexes. From 41-55 years age group to >55 years age group there was a slight increase in tracheal length in both sexes. CONCLUSION: The length of trachea varies with age and the results observed are comparatively less than written in standard books from foreign authors ,hence racial difference plays a key role in the length of trachea. Furthermore, we suggest more research is required in this field from our regional area.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2017) Vol.05 No.01 Issue 15 17, page: 17-21
Fundus Changes In Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
Authors: Karki Poojyashree , Basnet PS , Basnet A , Sijapati MJ , KC Manish , Pokharel K
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND: Ocular involvement in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) is common. Hypertensive disorders have a propensity to involve the vascular tissue, which makes the ocular vessels particularly susceptible. Widespread changes in the conjunctiva, retina, vessels, choroid, optic nerve, and occipital cortex have been documented in these patients; some of them leading to decreased vision too.Various studies have correlated the fundus changes with maternal and foetal outcomes and documented the progression of retinal vascular changes a sign of increasing severity of PIH. So this study was carried out to find out fundus changes in PIH.MATERIALS & METHODS: Study design was retrospective descriptive type. Records of 96 patients admitted in the Obstetrics ward, KIST Medical College Teaching Hospital, Imadol, Lalitpur, Nepal, with the diagnosis of PIH were reviewed and duration of study was 3 years (October 2010 – October 2013). Patients were evaluated for hypertensive fundus changes.RESULTS: Fundus changes were found in 16.6% patients of PIH. Fundus findings comprised of vascular changes, extravascular retinal changes, optic neuropathy and choroidopathy. Vitreous hemorrhage, serous retinal detachment and macular star were not found in this study. CONCLUSION: Fundus evaluation in patients with PIH is an important part of their management as there are various fundus changes found in these patients which may lead to decrease in vision.  Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2017) Vol.05 No.01 Issue 15, page: 42-44
Tuberculous Osteomyelitis of Mandible: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Mishra Ravish , Mall B B , Kandel Laxmi , Kandel Santoh
Published: January 2018

Tuberculous osteomyelitis of mandible is an extremely rare condition, particularly in comparison to pyogenic infections and neoplastic diseases involving the mandible. Hereby we are reporting such type of case in a ten year old male, presented with draining sinus over right mandible since 3 months proved later as tuberculous osteomyelitis in absence of a primary focus and responded well to antitubercular treatment.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2017) Vol.05 No.01 Issue 15, Page: 59-62
Pattern and factors associated with home accidents among under-five children and its care seeking behavior in selected rural communities of Kota samarahan district, Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Hann Lim Jyh , Rahman Md Mizanur
Published: January 2018

Background: Home may beconsidered a place toescape the dangers of theoutside world. Children have the highest risk for home injury and accidents. Considering this view, this study was aimed to describe the pattern of home accidents among the under-five children in selected villagesin Kota Samarahandistrict andto determine their care-seeking behavior.Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in four villages in Kota Samarahan district. A total of 917 households were visited. Among them, 261 households were having under five children. Out of 261 households, 248 had completed the interview with the response rate of 95%. Data was collected from caregivers of under-five children by face to face interview by interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data entry and analysis was done by IBM SPSS version 22.0. A p-value less than 0.05 wasconsidered as statistically significant.Results: The prevalence of home accident was 68.1% in thelast six months. Two-fifths (40.3%) of the households had at least one incidence of home accidents. The most common home accidents were fall (56.9%) followed by cut/ wound (16.9%) and struck by an object (10.5%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, marital status and household income appeared to be important predictors of home accidents among under-five children (p<0.05). More than half of the respondents took home treatment for accidents such as fall, cut/ wound, struck by an object and insect bites. While all who suffered from severe home accidents such as poisoning, suffocation and vehicle accidents would visit the nearest healthcare facilities for treatment.Conclusion and Recommendation: A comprehensive and preventive program could be implemented involving the vulnerable segments of the population and emphasise on most common home accidents as in the study findings.Bangladesh J Medicine Jul 2017; 28(2) : 58-62
Pattern of electrolyte imbalance and their response to corticosteroid therapy in stroke patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Islam AT , Afrose S , Joarder ZK , Azad KAK
Published: January 2018

This prospective, single center, case-control study was designed to see the response of electrolyte imbalance in admitted stroke patients receiving corticosteroid therapy in a tertiary care hospital. In IPD, still in many cases of stroke with cerebral edema, injectable corticosteroids are given frequently. Our aim was to find out the common electrolyte imbalances in different type of acute stroke, and, if there was any difference between the patterns of electrolyte imbalance in patients receiving corticosteroids for management, with those who did not receive.Methods: The source population of this study comprised stroke patients attending the DMCH, between 1st January to 30th June 2014. Total 70 patients, 35 as control and 35 as case group, who received steroids, were randomly enrolled for the study. Detail demographic data were collected from the informant was recorded in structured case report form.Result: In our study, 48 (68.55%) patients had infarction and 22 (31.45%) patients had hemorrhagic stroke. Hyponatremia was detected in majority 51 (72.85%), others imbalances are hypernatremia 9(12.85%), hypokalaemia 31(44.28%), hyperkalaemia 2(2.85%) and hypochloraemia 37(52.85%). Out of 48 ischemic stroke, hypernatraemia, hypokalaemia and hypochloraemia was present among 8(16.66%), 19(39.58%) and 24(50%) patients respectively. Out of 22 haemorrhagic stroke patients, 1(4.54%), 12(54.54%), 2(9.09%) and 13(59.09%) cases were found to have hypernatraemia, hypokalaemia, hyperkalaemia and hypochloraemia respectively. After giving injectable steroids, differences were statistically significant between two group, p-value was 0.016 (p<0.05). Among control group 24(68.57%); improvement observed was insignificant.Conclusion: It was statistically evident that, patients receiving injectable corticosteroids in acute stroke, showed improvement and had better outcome than of those who did not receive.Bangladesh J Medicine Jul 2017; 28(2) : 75-80
Acute interstitial pneumonia (hamman-rich syndrome) - a life threatening respiratory disease
Authors: Siddiqui Md Mahmudur Rahman , Rahman Md Mostafizur , Siddiqui Md Abdul Moyeed , Masum Hasan Ali , Giasuddin Rubayat Shekh
Published: January 2018

Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP) is an idiopathic lung disease characterized by rapidly progressive dyspnoea, respiratory failure developing over days to weeks in patients without pre-existing lung disease. AIP show a very poor prognosis, with high mortality and remains unfamiliar to physicians. In this report, we present a case of a mid-age male with AIP who, was treated with intensive medical facilities, still showed a rapid progressive clinical deterioration, and eventually died of respiratory failure.Bangladesh J Medicine Jul 2017; 28(2) : 91-94