bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on carbon dioxide emission factor characteristics of multi-type heavy-duty vehicles
Authors: Yang Daoyuan , Zhang Xinyu , Wu Rui , Liu Yu , Yu Hanzhengnan , Hu Xi , Ma Kunqi , Liang Yongkai , Xu Hang , Zhang Hao
Published: June 2024

CO2 emissions from heavy-duty vehicles are an important source of greenhouse gases in the transportation sector. However, there is a lack of in-depth research on the characteristics of CO2 emission factors of multiple types of heavy-duty vehicles. The paper conducts a study on the characteristics of carbon dioxide emission factors of multi-type heavy-duty vehicles, with a focus on tractors, heavy-duty trucks, and dump trucks. A method based on C-WTVC for VSP-Bin interval division is proposed to establish a unified bin interval for heavy-duty vehicles, and calculate the CO2 emission factors of different types of heavy-duty vehicles. The study indicates that the carbon dioxide emission factors of tractors are mainly distributed in suburb and highway intervals. The carbon dioxide emission factors of heavy-duty trucks are distributed across three intervals. The CO2 emission factors of dump trucks are concentrated in suburb intervals.
Comparing Background Error Covariance in WRF for Micro-Meteorological Simulations
Authors: Shu Hailong , Wang Yue , Guo Huichuang , Li Chaoqun , Song Zhen
Published: June 2024

Accurately representing background error covariances is crucial for data assimilation in numerical weather prediction models. This study compared the performance of the National Meteorological Center (NMC) and RandomCV methods for estimating background error covariances in a 3DVAR system for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, focusing on the micro-meteorological environment of a specific testing area. Results suggest that the NMC method may be more suitable for this specific context, although the differences between the two methods were not significant. The study highlights the need for further research to test these methods on a wider range of weather events and with additional data sources.
Low-carbon optimization in commercial buildings through data mining
Authors: Yang Liming , Tian Xin , Zhao Xinxu , li Chao , Wang Liyao
Published: June 2024

The government of China commits to achieve peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, nearly 40% of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions are attributable to the building sector while building operations account for over 70% of carbon emissions. How to quantitatively analyze the factors related to operational carbon emissions under the circumstance of rapid growth of data volume is the key problem to be solved. This article explored the main factor affecting carbon emissions of commercial office buildings based on data mining and analyzed all carbon sources using the variation and deviation method in the city of Beijing, China. It is found that electricity, trains, airplanes, and hotels have a great impact on the building’s operation stage carbon emission, and targeted carbon emission reduction policies and measures can be made to reduce the sample’s carbon emission.
Research on carbon emission characteristics and accounting framework of the new electric power system
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxuan , Cong Pengwei , Wang Yu
Published: June 2024

This article analyzes the current status of carbon emission statistical accounting system construction both domestically and internationally, analyzes the six major trends in the changes in carbon emission characteristics of electricity under the construction of new power systems, and based on this, proposes a framework for carbon emission statistical accounting system under the new power system, providing basic support for improving electricity carbon emission accounting and carrying out carbon emission control.
Reinforcement Learning Based Urban Traffic Signal Control and Its Impact Assessment on Environmental Pollution
Authors: Xie Danmu , Li Min , Sun Qian , He Jing
Published: June 2024

To address the growing complexity of urban traffic congestion and its associated environmental impacts, this study presents a pioneering application of the Gaussian plume model to investigate the carbon dioxide emission reduction efficacy of various reinforcement learning algorithms within a traffic signal control framework. By employing an insightful fusion of the traditional environmental science tool with contemporary reinforcement learning strategies - specifically Independent Partially Observable Policy Optimization (IPPO), Independent Delay Q-Network (IDQN), and MPLight - this research marks a novel intersection of methodologies. By quantitatively simulating and analyzing the diffusion dynamics of carbon dioxide pollutants under different traffic signal control scenarios, the study not only highlights the innovative use of the Gaussian plume model to assess the environmental impact of traffic signal control, but also provides critical insights into the selection and optimization of traffic signal control algorithms for improved urban environmental sustainability.
Study on the influence of cross-section shape on the characteristics of wind flow field in heavy-daty railway tunnel
Authors: Liu Jie , Wu Yimeng , Sa Zhanyou , Wang Bingke , Wang Haijun , Wang Hao , Lu Shouqing
Published: June 2024

In order to reduce the coal dust pollution when the heavy train enters the tunnel and to ensure the safety of railroad operation, this paper adopts numerical simulation to study the characteristics of the wind flow field of the heavy train passing through different shapes of tunnels. The results show that the shape of the tunnel section has a significant effect on the piston wind characteristics of the train entering the tunnel. When the train passes through the tunnel, the value of the wind pressure and the gradient of the pressure on the surface of the carriages increase from horseshoe shape, high wall shape and high arch shape. The vortex structure generated at the entrance of the horseshoe tunnel is the smallest and the flow field is more stable, and the wind turbulence shows significant weakening effect; when the rear end of the car enters the tunnel, the range of the influence of the piston winds outside the tunnel is in order of smallest to largest for the horseshoe, high wall, and high arch tunnels; in the wake region, the central region of the strong vorticity zone in the horseshoe tunnel is more continuous, reducing the instability of the airflow in the tunnel. The results of this study are of great significance in understanding the characteristics of the wind flow field and the effect on dust generation when heavy trains pass through the tunnel.
A photovoltaic resource evaluation method based on meteorological and geospatial data
Authors: Zheng Shurong , Zeng Zhaojie , Li Ziyu , Kong Wei , Zhong Wei
Published: June 2024

The increasingly complex issues associated with climate change and environmental degradation have generated significant urgency for the international community to overcrowding sustainable energy alternatives. The validation of energy potential calculations for Lahore City was undertaken using climate data acquired from NASA and the meteorological department of Pakistan. The efficacy of photovoltaic resource evaluation can be enhanced through the integration of climatology data, digital elevation models, and population exposure. The findings of this study suggest significant possibilities for solar photovoltaic installations in Lahore. The results indicate that the implementation of small-scale solar panels has the potential to improve the sustainable energy infrastructure in Lahore. The northeastern region of Lahore is characterized by its significant potential. This study highlights the significance of cross-sector partnerships in facilitating the uptake of solar panels, which holds promise for promoting an evolution in the worldwide energy industry and effectively mitigating the detrimental impacts of climate change.
The influence of moisture content on removal of H2S using the vermicompost biflter and analysis on microbial community
Authors: Tian Weiping , Jian Yuling , Xing Yu , Wang Zhouqiang
Published: June 2024

The utilization of biofilters provides a promising option, serving as an environment-friendly and economically beneficial strategy for waste gas abatement. In this study, the different moisture content of vermicompost with indigenous microorganisms as a filter bed material was evaluated for the performance of a biofilter in terms of hydrogen sulfide removal efficiencies and the bacterial dynamics. Maximum removal efficiency of hydrogen sulfide was conformed when the moisture content of the packing material was from 50% to 60%. By 16S rDNA gene-Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology, The Shannon and Simpon index of the vermicompost microbial community had significantly decreased after treating hydrogen sulfide. The predominant bacteria in vermicompost samples were Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Rhodanobacter and Mesorhizobium were isogenous with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, which play a critical role in vermicompost biodegrading hydrogen sulfide.
Exploration of ecological benefits of Conyza Canadensis — analysis and evaluation of the effects of Conyza Canadensis water extract, ascorbic acid, and gibberellin on the salt tolerance to several crops at seed germination
Authors: Wang Qianqian , Li Minghui , Cao Xitong , Jiang Lihua , Wang Fangzhi , Li Jing
Published: June 2024

Soil salinity poses a major threat to plant growth and food security. Seed germination are more sensitive to salinity stress. In this study, sorghum, wheat, tomato and peanut were used to analyze and evaluate (using the membership function method) the salt tolerance at the germination with three exogenous substances - Conyza Canadensis water extract (CCE), ascorbic acid (AsA), and gibberellin (GA3). At the germination stage, the germination rate, the germination energy and the germination vigor index are measured and the membership function values (MFVs) are calculated. After salt-tolerant analysis and evaluation, the sequence of salt tolerance is sorghum ≈ wheat > tomato > peanut. AsA and GA3 can significantly improve the salt tolerance of crops(P<0.05). Interestingly, CCE can also improve the salt tolerance in germination stage (sorghum, wheat and tomato) (P<0.05). Therefore, Conyza Canadensis has shown ecological benefits in improving the salt tolerance of some crops.
The interaction between N, P in the overlying water of the reservoir Water-level fluctuation zone and submerged decomposition of Cynodon dactylon
Authors: Huang Jitao , Luo Ze , Jiang Yanxue
Published: June 2024

During the process of inundation in the Water-level fluctuation zone(WLFZ), the N and P content in the overlying water will vary due to the release of soil nutrients, directly impacting the decomposition process of plants. However, current research on the effects of such water changes on plant decomposition is insufficient, hindering an accurate assessment of its impact on water environments. This study simulated changes in water quality during inundation and designed 8 types of water with different initial nutrient levels. Taking the typical WLFZ plant, Cynodon dactylon, as the subject, the decomposition and dynamic changes of N and P in these water bodies were studied. The results showed that inundation significantly increased the N and P content in the water, and the initial forms of N and P significantly affected the release of plant decomposition during inundation. Moreover, the release of PN and PP from the soil stimulated the activity of aquatic microorganisms, enhancing the self-purification capacity of the water body, and leading to a decrease in N and P content in the water body after 60 days of inundation. This study reveals the impact of N and P released from WLFZ soil on plant decomposition and the concentrations of N and P in the overlying water. providing critical insights into WLFZ ecosystem management.
Effects of antibiotics and microplastics on the growth of Sebastes schlegelii
Authors: Tian Hui , Liu Liuqingqing
Published: June 2024

The pollution of antibiotics and microplastics in mariculture environments has elicited widespread concern due to their potential threats to health of aquatic organisms and stability and function of marine ecosystems. However, the toxicological outcomes of the combined exposure of antibiotics and microplastics on fish are still unclear. In this work, two kinds of veterinary antibiotics commonly used in marine culture environment were selected to explore the effects of their combined exposure with polyamide microplastics on the growth performance and nutritional quality of Sebastes schlegelii. The results showed that, compared with the unexposed group, the individual exposure of antibiotic and microplastic significantly reduced the weight gain rate (194.3–200.4%) and specific growth rate (211.4–218.1%) of the juvenile fish. Compared with the unexposed group, the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of juveniles were significantly reduced by 272.8–347.5% in the combined exposure, indicated that the combined exposure had a synergistic effect on the growth inhibition of juvenile fish. This study provided basic theoretical data for the risk assessment of antibiotics and microplastics in the marine culture environment.
Study on Detoxification of Biochemical Fulvic Acid on Quasipaa boulengeri Tadpoles under Copper Stress
Authors: Xiaoqin Zhang , Xianfeng Qin , Qinya Zhang , Hangyue Zhang , Yiman Yang , Kuo Yang
Published: June 2024

To understand the detoxification effect of biochemical fulvic acid (BFA) on Quasipaa boulengeri (Q.boulengeri ) tadpoles under copper stress, effects of different concentrations of BFA on growth and physiological indexes of tadpoles. The results showed that the survival rate of tadpoles increased with the increase of BFA concentration. With the increase of BFA concentration, the growth rate of body weight and body length reached the peak at 45 mg/L; The superoxide dismutase(SOD) showed a downward trend in the control group (CK) and an upward trend in each treatment group, with significant difference between the treatment groups (P < 0.05); The content of the malondialdehyde(MDA) and the treatment time and concentration of BFA showed an upward trend in CK group. With the increase of BFA concentration and the content of the MDA decreased, there was significant difference between the treatment groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, BFA can be used as a detoxification agent under copper stress, and the suitable concentration of BFA is 45 mg/L. This study provides a theoretical basis for the artificial breeding and scientific protection of Q.boulengeri tadpoles.
Port carbon emission peaking simulation and emission reduction pathway in China
Authors: Wang Renjie , Zhang Yonglin , Xu Honglei , Li Yue , Li Xiaoyi , Huang Quansheng
Published: June 2024

In order to achieve the goal of “carbon peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060”, all industries are fully engaged in energy conservation and carbon reduction work. Carbon emissions from the transportation sector account for nearly 10% of China's carbon emissions[1]. Port is an extremely important part of China's transportation industry, and it is also one of the key areas of energy conservation and emission reduction in the transportation industry. It is very important to carry out research on the status evaluation of port carbon emissions, predict the future trend of carbon emissions, and explore the strategy and path of port carbon peak. In this study, the carbon emission scenario prediction model based on the detailed list of port equipment was established to simulate the port carbon emissions. It is also applied to a northern port in China to study and judge the peak value and time point of carbon emission in the future, and propose the path of carbon peak in the port.
A Review of the Preparation of Environmentally Friendly Titanium-Based Nano-Oxidation Materials
Authors: Dong Zhichao , Hou Jinfang , Liu Aimin
Published: June 2024

In recent years, water environmental pollution and a series of environmental health issues caused by it have posed severe challenges to the green ecological and healthy development under the guidance of the “Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” goals. Among them, water pollution dominated by typical pollutants has been continuously concerned due to its high detectability, environmental persistence, and complex governance. However, traditional water treatment technologies still have significant limitations in effectively removing such complex organic pollutants. Therefore, the development of efficient and reliable novel catalytic oxidation systems is urgently needed. Environmental functional materials, due to their diverse structures and almost limitless possibilities for functional design, can effectively contribute to the construction of the above-mentioned novel catalytic oxidation systems. In particular, advanced oxidation systems based on environmentally friendly titanium-based nanomaterials have shown excellent application prospects in adsorption and accelerated catalytic breakdown of organic pollutants and have good environmental friendliness. Therefore, this paper reviews the advantages of titanium-based nanomaterials and systematically outlines the preparation methods of practical TiO2-based nano-oxidation materials and novel MXene-Ti-based nano-oxidation materials.
Genetic analysis of algae blooms in landscape water in the west section of Nanchuan River City, Xining City
Authors: Jin Xiongxiong , Zhao Xia , Wang Lu , Chen Dongsheng , Dong Jinpeng
Published: June 2024

The west section of Nanchuan River City is an important part of the water ecological environment of Xining city, known as the urban meeting room. In order to find out the possible causes of algal blooms in the summer of 2022, water quality detection, aquatic organism identification and sediment analysis were carried out in the main landscape ponds of the west section of Nanchuanhecheng. The results showed that 52 species of phytoplankton were identified, including 4 species of cyanobacteria, 29 species of diatoms, 14 species of green algae, 3 species of cryptophytes and 2 species of gymnophytes. There were 66 species of zooplankton, including 22 protozoa, 29 rotifers, 9 cladicornis and 6 copepods. There were 18 benthic animals, including 4 annelids, 3 molluscs and 11 arthropods. According to the detection results of aquatic organisms, water quality and sediment, the causes of algal blooms were analyzed and corresponding measures were proposed to provide reference for subsequent control work.
Preparation of P-coupled g-C3N4/TiO2 photoanode and its photoelectrocatalytic degradation of sulfadiazine
Authors: Liu Shentan , Wu Heng , Wang Mixue
Published: June 2024

In order to solve the problems of TiO2 bandgap width and low utilization rate of light energy, red phosphorus which can absorb visible light is introduced, which is complementary to the characteristics of TiO2 which mainly absorb ultraviolet light. The introduction of red phosphorus is expected to broaden the light response range of the photoelectrode to the visible region, thereby improving the efficiency of sunlight utilization. TiO2 was modified by red phosphorus sublimation precipitation. The joint introduction of P and g-C3N4 not only broadened the photoresponse range of TiO2, extended the visible light absorption range to 460nm, improved the light absorption efficiency, but also promoted the effective separation and transmission of charge, thus greatly improving the degradation efficiency of SD up to 90.28%. ꞏOH, h+ and ꞏO2- were the main active species of SD degradation, in which ꞏOH played a key role.
Study on the Value Evaluation of Biodiversity Maintenance Services at Xiamen Xiatanwei Coastal Wetland Park Using Contingent Valuation Method (CVM)
Authors: Wei Yang
Published: June 2024

Ecological diversity maintenance services are a part of ecosystem support services, referring to the ecosystem's ability to provide essential services such as spawning, habitat, wintering, and refuge for biological populations. Taking Xiamen Xiatanwei Coastal Wetland Park as a case study, this paper identifies its ecological service functions, conducts a survey among local residents to assess their willingness to pay for biodiversity conservation, and employs the Contingent Valuation Method to evaluate the value of its biodiversity maintenance services. The results indicate that in 2023, the average household willingness to pay for biodiversity maintenance services at Xiamen Xiatanwei Coastal Wetland Park is 387.59 RMB per year, with an individual willingness to pay of 102.27 RMB per year. Using the Contingent Valuation Method, the value of biodiversity maintenance services at Xiamen Xiatanwei Coastal Wetland Park in 2023 is estimated to be 543 million RMB. The findings of this study can provide a scientific basis for the establishment of cost-effective protection policies such as ecological damage compensation for Xiamen Xiatanwei Coastal Wetland Park in the future.
Field Measurement of Dust Concentration on Open-pit Coal Mine Truck Transportation Roads and Numerical Simulation of Dust Patterns
Authors: Liu Cheng , Zou Chenglong , Li Yihe
Published: June 2024

Dust generated by open-pit coal truck transportation is one of the main sources of pollution, adversely affecting road visibility and the surrounding air quality during transportation operations. To investigate the distribution patterns of transport dust on coal quality roads in open-pit coal mines, we conducted on-site measurements of transport dust pollution in a coal mine in Xinjiang, China. We also used numerical simulation software to simulate the distribution patterns of dust under different truck speeds. The results indicate that dust pollution on the coal quality road surfaces within the open-pit coal mine exceeds national standards. The concentration of dust behind the trucks at different speeds can be categorized into the following zones: vortex zone, rapid descent zone, and stable zone. The peak dust concentration occurs around 1.5 meters behind the rear of the trucks. Furthermore, the dust concentration behind the trucks follows an exponential decay pattern with increasing height and longitudinal distance.
Research on Pollutant Emission Characteristics of Typical Biomass-fired Boilers
Authors: Zhang Wenpin , Kang Dugang , Xiong Zhi , Huang Yanyun , Huang Song , Zong Chen , Liu Yun , Zhao Wei , Feng Qiang , Chen Qiyong , Luo Xiaorong , He Xiaohua
Published: June 2024

The combustion of biomass fuel boilers not only produces inorganic pollutants such as carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, sulfur compounds, but also organic pollutants such as VOCs and PAHs, which directly affect the global biogeochemical cycle and atmospheric changes. Compared with foreign countries, there is relatively less research and related standards on the emission of organic pollutants from biomass fuel boilers in China. Therefore, it is necessary to study the emission characteristics of organic pollutants from biomass boilers, which can provide reference for the establishment of organic pollutant emission standards for biomass fuel boilers in China.The emission characteristics of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) organic pollutants in the flue gas of three typical biomass-fired boilers in Chongqing were studied, and the emission concentrations of particulate matter, sulfur dioxides(SO2), and nitrogen oxides(NOX) were measured.The results show that the sulfur dioxide emissions from the three types of biomass-fired boilersrs are lower than the local standards in Chongqing, while nitrogen oxides and particulate matter have a phenomenon of exceeding the emission limits of the local standards in Chongqing. The main components of VOCs emitted from biomass powder and biomass particle combustion are OVOCs and aromatic hydrocarbons, while the main components of VOCs emitted from wood biomass combustion are alkynes. The gas-solid distribution pattern of PAHs during the combustion of three types of biomass is basically consistent. Low ring PAHs are mainly enriched in the gas phase, while medium and high ring PAHs are mainly enriched in particulate matter.
Research on the Sustainable Development of Alumina Industry in China-Based on the Perspective of Environmental Governance
Authors: Yao Jingwu , Yao Liwen , Wang Bin , Zhao Jingyi
Published: June 2024

This paper analyzes the main contradictions and challenges in the development of China's alumina industry in terms of resources, production costs and environmental governance, compares the production cost of China's alumina with that of other countries, analyzes the pollutants produced in the production process of alumina, and discusses the related problems. On this basis, this paper puts forward the strategies and suggestions for the sustainable development of China's alumina industry, that is, adopt advanced technology and equipment to solve the problem of bauxite resource shortage; Improve safety protection facilities to prevent accidents and hazards; Solve the problem of deep purification and standard discharge of alumina industrial flue gas; Implement the safe storage and resource utilization of alumina industrial solid waste; Increase the depth recovery efficiency of waste heat in alumina production; Implement all safety management measures and strengthen the ability to prevent accidents. By adopting the above strategies, the sustainable development strategy of China's alumina industry can be realized.
Effect of low nitrogen transformation on energy efficiency of gas fired industrial boilers based on FGR technology
Authors: Chen Qiyong , Liu Yun , Zhao Wei , Feng Qiang , Zong Chen , Zhao Wenqi
Published: June 2024

In order to improve air quality and reduce haze, Chongqing has raised the nitrogen oxide emission requirements of gas industrial boilers, reduced the emission limits, and promoted a large number of low-nitrogen transformations of industrial boilers in Chongqing. In this paper, the main generation mechanism of nitrogen oxides and different technical schemes of low nitrogen transformation were introduced. Six representative industrial boilers were selected to carry out low nitrogen transformation based on FGR technology, and nitrogen oxide emission under the reference oxygen content, smoke exhaust temperature, thermal efficiency and actual output of boilers before and after the transformation were compared and tested. The test results show that the actual output of industrial boilers can be reduced and the energy consumption of boilers can be increased by using FGR low nitrogen technology.
Research on a multi-scale emission factor dataset constructing method
Authors: Yang Daoyuan , Wu Rui , Zhang Xinyu , Liu Yu , Yu Hanzhengnan , An Xianpan , Ma Kunqi , Liang Yongkai , Xu Hang , Zhang Hao
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes a multi-scale emission factor dataset constructing method. Firstly, actual road driving and pollutant emission data of heavy-duty trucks are obtained. Subsequently, a method for dividing multi-scale Bin intervals based on engine load, vehicle speed, and acceleration is proposed to establish suitable multi-scale Bin intervals for the driving characteristics of heavy-duty trucks. Finally, based on the proposed method, an emission factor dataset highlighting typical driving characteristics of heavy-duty trucks is constructed. The research findings will provide government regulatory authorities with more microscopic and multi-scale guidance on motor vehicle emissions.
Application of physisorption analyzer in measuring the hygroscopicity of atmospheric aerosols
Authors: Hu Yangyun , Zhang Yunhong
Published: June 2024

The hygroscopicity represents a vital physicochemical attribute of aerosols, governing their phase state, acidity, viscosity, chemical reactivity, and other properties, thereby influencing various atmospheric processes, including visibility, radiative forcing, and the formation of cloud condensation nuclei. In this study, the hygroscopicity of common inorganic aerosol particles (NH4)2SO4 and NaCl in the atmosphere was determined using a physisorption analyzer under 298 K conditions, exploring its application prospects in measuring atmospheric aerosol hygroscopicity. By measuring the adsorption of particles to water vapor at different relative humidity (RH) levels, the variation curve of the aerosol particle hygroscopic mass growth factor (MGF) and deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) were obtained. Comparisons with vacuum FTIR methods, the Extended Aerosol Inorganic Model (EAIM), and relevant literature data showed good agreement. This research paves the way for future applications of physisorption analyzer in the study of atmospheric aerosols.
Preparation of Carboxymethyl Chitosan based Porous carbon with CuO loading
Authors: Xu Yuelong , Wang Shasha
Published: June 2024

Because of the excessive carbon dioxide emissions, the greenhouse environmental problem has become a widely research hot. Porous carbon with plentiful of 3D porous stricture and excellent electrochemical performance has attracted more and more attention. The topic about the porous carbon for CO2 adsorption has been reported, hence, in the paper, we adopted the carboxymethyl chitosan as the porous carbon precursor, and copper sulfate as the metal source, KOH and KCl as the pore forming materials. In the preparation process, the high temperature carbonization and low temperature air-activation are used to improve the porous structure. The obtained material exhibited a high surface area and a defective structure. The value of SSA is up to 1018 m2 g-1, the micropore SSA is up to 807 m2 g-1, whcih is good for CO2 adsorption. This work can provide a helpful method for porous carbon preparation.
The Application of Three-Dimensional High-Density Electrical Method in Detecting Vertical HDPE Membranes at Landfill Sites
Authors: Sun Chenglong , Nai Changxin , Li Yuan , Liu Jingcai
Published: June 2024

Landfilling is one of the important methods in hazardous waste treatment. In order to prevent the landfill leachate from connecting with external groundwater and prevent leachate from flowing into external polluted water bodies and soil, vertical anti-seepage membranes will be installed along the perimeter of the reservoir area. Given the structural characteristics of vertical HDPE membranes and site conditions, this study proposes the application of three-dimensional high-density electrical resistivity (3D-HDER) tomography for the detection of these membranes. Compared with the traditional resistivity method, the high-density resistivity method can realize automatic switching of electrode device type, electrode spacing and measuring points during the measurement process, thereby improving detection accuracy and work efficiency. By employing 3D-HDER for data collection on vertical HDPE membranes and inverting the subsurface resistivity distribution, the presence of leaks can be inferred based on the distribution of low-resistivity anomalies in the target underground area, thereby facilitating the integrity assessment of the vertical HDPE membranes. This research was applied in a practical investigation at a municipal landfill site in Hunan Province, where field tests were conducted, and the effectiveness of 3D-HDER in detecting vertical HDPE membranes was validated through excavation. The experimental results indicate that: (1) 3DHDER is capable of effectively and accurately locating shallow leaks, and (2) low resistivity anomalies were observed in the vicinity of the leaks.
Gestion précoce de l’hyperdivergence squelettique
Authors: Ben Younes-Uzan Carine
Published: June 2024

L’utilisation de surélévations molaires sur des dispositifs orthodontiques amovibles permet à la fonction masticatrice de transmettre les stimuli de frottements mandibulaires à toutes les dents maxillaires, même celles en inocclusion.

La divergence squelettique peut ainsi se normaliser avec fermeture des infraclusions quelque soit la classe d’Angle.
Tierallergie
Authors: Lange Lars
Published: June 2024

Tierallergien sind ein häufiges und relevantes Thema in der allergologischen Praxis. 69 % der deutschen Haushalte mit Kindern besitzen ein Haustier. Fast 13 % aller Kinder sind gegen Haustiere sensibilisiert. Viele dieser Sensibilisierungen sind jedoch klinisch nicht relevant. Durch eine gute Anamnese und mithilfe moderner diagnostischer Methoden ist es möglich, das auslösende Tier genauer zu identifizieren und die Relevanz zu klären. Klare und differenzierte Meidungsempfehlungen können die Allergenlast in der Umgebung der Patienten senken.

Leider sind viele Fragen zur Tierallergie offen und etablierte Therapieempfehlungen fehlen. In diesem Artikel werden verschiedene Optionen zur Diagnostik und Therapie vorgestellt.
Engineering an inducible leukemia-associated fusion protein enables large-scale ex vivo production of functional human phagocytes
Authors: Windisch Roland , Soliman Sarah , Hoffmann Adrian , Chen-Wichmann Linping , Danese Anna , Vosberg Sebastian , Bravo Jimena , Lutz Sebastian , Kellner Christian , Fischer Alexander , Gebhard Claudia , Redondo Monte Enric , Hartmann Luise , Schneider Stephanie , Beier Fabian , Strobl Carolin Dorothea , Weigert Oliver , Peipp Matthias , Schündeln Michael , Stricker Stefan H. , Rehli Michael , Bernhagen Jürgen , Humpe Andreas , Klump Hannes , Brendel Christian , Krause Daniela S. , Greif Philipp A. , Wichmann Christian
Published: June 2024

Ex vivo expansion of human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells remains a challenge due to rapid differentiation after detachment from the bone marrow niche. In this study, we assessed the capacity of an inducible fusion protein to enable sustained ex vivo proliferation of hematopoietic precursors and their capacity to differentiate into functional phagocytes. We fused the coding sequences of an FK506-Binding Protein 12 (FKBP12)-derived destabilization domain (DD) to the myeloid/lymphoid lineage leukemia/eleven nineteen leukemia (MLL-ENL) fusion gene to generate the fusion protein DD-MLL-ENL and retrovirally expressed the protein switch in human CD34+ progenitors. Using Shield1, a chemical inhibitor of DD fusion protein degradation, we established large-scale and long-term expansion of late monocytic precursors. Upon Shield1 removal, the cells lost self-renewal capacity and spontaneously differentiated, even after 2.5 y of continuous ex vivo expansion. In the absence of Shield1, stimulation with IFN-γ, LPS, and GM-CSF triggered terminal differentiation. Gene expression analysis of the obtained phagocytes revealed marked similarity with naïve monocytes. In functional assays, the novel phagocytes migrated toward CCL2, attached to VCAM-1 under shear stress, produced reactive oxygen species, and engulfed bacterial particles, cellular particles, and apoptotic cells. Finally, we demonstrated Fcγ receptor recognition and phagocytosis of opsonized lymphoma cells in an antibody-dependent manner. Overall, we have established an engineered protein that, as a single factor, is useful for large-scale ex vivo production of human phagocytes. Such adjustable proteins have the potential to be applied as molecular tools to produce functional immune cells for experimental cell-based approaches.
Local food systems as a resilient strategy to ensure sustainable food security in crisis: Lessons from COVID-19 pandemic and perspectives for the post-pandemic world
Authors: Thattantavide Anju , Kumar Ajay
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected food supply chains and threatened global food security. The nations excessively relying on the import of food were severely affected. The food shortages in various countries worldwide were due to multiple reasons, such as unavailability of land, infertility of the available land, and excessive reliance on the import of foods. The excessive dependence on a few mainstream crops increases the vulnerabilities of the communities. However, several plants, known as traditional or indigenous food plants, are consumed by local populations and form the basis of robust local food systems. They are not cultivated at a large scale in a large area, but local communities have access to the locally available plants that grow near their settlements. Local foods are particularly vital during situations similar to pandemics and wars when the global supply chains are disrupted. This article emphasises the potential of local food system supply chains as a resilient strategy for food security in emergencies such as COVID-19. It further attempts to provide important insights into the vulnerabilities associated with mainstream foods, their impact on food insecurity, and the forthcoming roles of alternative local food systems based on local indigenous plants.
Development of a wear coefficient equation for the A A7075-B4C composite – steel interface
Authors: Veduru Venkatrami Reddy , R Ranjith , Karthik Kanulla , Sasirekha P
Published: June 2024

In this research, an attempt was made to develop a wear equation for specific wear regimes that differs with temperature, sliding velocity, applied load, and sliding distance. The experimental runs were designed with the L25 Taguchi orthogonal array, and the uniform dispersion of reinforcement was confirmed using a scanning electron microscope. The presence of reinforcement hinders dislocation movement led to an augmentation in the composites’ hardness, while an elevation in temperature resulted in a decline in hardness due to the reduction of Pierls stresses. Owing to the formation of a Mechanical Mixed Layer (MML), the wear rate decreases with addition of volume fraction of B4C particles until 7.5%, beyond this MML break down and wear rate transit from mild to severe due to the direct metal contact. At 50 °C, the wear mode was abrasive and delamination; at 150 °C, it was abrasive plastic deformation; and at 250 °C, it was plastic flow of materials. Grooves, micro pits, micro cracks, ploughing and resolidified material were the distinct feature observed on the worn surface morphology. The modified wear equation was developed by incorporating reinforcement effect, specific wear regimes, temperature-dependent factors, and functional parameters.
Effects of oyster shell derivatives on performance enhancement of biomass-based 3D printed concrete
Authors: Du Jiashuai , Wei Yazhi , Zhang Hui , Idriss Aboubaker I B
Published: June 2024

In this research, sustainable oyster shell derivatives were used as partial replacement of Portland cement-sulfate aluminate cement composite (OPC-SAC) composites to investigate the potential application in the mix-stir-extrusion integrated 3D concrete printing. Calcined oyster shell powder (CS) was added into OPC-SAC concrete at 0–15 wt% to prepare a new 3D printed concrete. Additionally, oyster shell particles (CSS) were substituted for river sand at 0–41.7 wt% as another new material. The effects of oyster shell derivatives on the forming mechanism and performance of 3D printed concrete were studied by macro and micro tests. The results demonstrate that the two new materials, which can be printed with an initial setting time within 15–36 min, exhibit superior overall performance compared to OPC-SAC, achieving an efficiency improvement of up to 75%. When the CS content was 15%, the formability of 3D printed concrete reached the best. The optimized compressive strength and flexural strength at 28 days surpassed 40 MPa, and 10 MPa, respectively. Micro-morphological analysis showed that CaO in CS facilitated the hydration reaction of concrete and generated more C-S-H gels and Aft crystals, which resulted in a denser bond between the substances and enhanced the mechanical strength. The above results indicated that both CS and CSS could improve the mechanical properties of OPC-SAC.
Axiomatization of modal logic with counting
Authors: Fu Xiaoxuan , Zhao Zhiguang
Published: June 2024

Modal logic with counting is obtained from basic modal logic by adding cardinality comparison formulas of the form $ \#\varphi \succsim \#\psi $, stating that the cardinality of successors satisfying $ \varphi $ is larger than or equal to the cardinality of successors satisfying $ \psi $. It is different from graded modal logic where basic modal logic is extended with formulas of the form $ \Diamond _{k}\varphi $ stating that there are at least $ k$-many different successors satisfying $ \varphi $. In this paper, we investigate the axiomatization of ML(#) with respect to different frame classes, such as image-finite frames and arbitrary frames. Drawing inspiration from existing works, we employ a similar proof strategy that uses the characterization of binary relations on finite Boolean algebras capable of representing generalized probability measures or finite (respectively arbitrary) cardinality measures. Our main result shows that any formula not provable in the Hilbert system can be refuted within a finite (respectively arbitrary) cardinality measure Kripke frame with a finite domain. We then transform this finite (respectively arbitrary) cardinality measure Kripke frame into a Kripke frame in the corresponding class, refuting the unprovable formula.
Computer-Aided Searching for a Tabular Many-Valued Discussive Logic—Matrices
Authors: Jukiewicz Marcin , Nasieniewski Marek , Petrukhin Yaroslav , Shangin Vasily
Published: June 2024

In the paper, we tackle the matter of non-classical logics, in particular, paraconsistent ones, for which not every formula follows in general from inconsistent premisses. Our benchmark is Jaśkowski’s logic, modeled with the help of discussion. The second key origin of this paper is the matter of being tabular, i.e. being adequately expressible by finitely many finite matrices. We analyse Jaśkowski’s non-tabular discussive (discursive) logic $ \textbf {D}_{2}$, one of the first paraconsistent logics, from the perspective of a trivalent tabular logic. We are motivated to step down from the ongoing modal $ \textbf {S5}$-perspective of developing $ \textbf {D}_{2}$ both by certain mysteries that have been surrounding it and by gaps in Jaśkowski’s arguments contra the multivalent tabular perspective. Although Jaśkowski’s idea to use $ \textbf {S5}$ in order to define $ \textbf {D}_{2}$ is very attractive since it allows one to benefit from the tools and results of modal logic, it also gives a ‘non-direct’ formulation and, as it appeared later, is superfluous with respect to what is meant to be achieved since one can define the very same logic but using modal logics weaker than S5. It is also known, due to Kotas, that discussive logic is not finite-valued. So, in light of Kotas’s result that $ \textbf {D}_{2}$ is non-tabular, we propose to associate it with a few dozen discussive formulae that Jaśkowski unequivocally and illustratively suggests to be its theorems or non-theorems rather than with axioms of its modern axiomatizations (one of which Kotas employs) in order to be capable of performing a computer-aided brute-force search for suitable trivalent matrices in the cases of one and two designated values. As a result, we find trivalent matrices with two designated values that might be dubbed ‘discussive’ because they meet Jaśkowski’s suggestion to validate and invalidate the litmus theorems and non-theorems, respectively, despite the fact that none of them validates all the negation axioms in the modern axiomatizations of $ \textbf {D}_{2}$. The matrices found are then analysed along with highlighting the ones that were previously mentioned in the literature. We conclude the paper with a comparative analysis of Omori’s results and a test of Karpenko’s hypothesis.
Metastasis of colorectal cancer to the uterine body and fallopian tube: case report and literature review
Authors: Efetov Sergey K , Cao Yu , Zou Jinqi , Dorogov Anton Y , Paramonova Nina B , Tsoy Larisa V , Droshneva Inna V , Fatyanova Anastasia S
Published: June 2024

Colorectal cancer typically metastasizes to the peritoneum, liver, and lungs. However, metastases to the fallopian tube and uterus are uncommon. This case report delves into this rare occurrence of metastasis and discusses its characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatments based on an extensive literature review. We present the case of a 61-year-old female patient who underwent her initial hospitalization for da Vinci robotic surgery to address colorectal cancer, stage pT3N0M0. However, during routine postoperative follow-up 6 months later, a localized rectal recurrence was detected. The patient commenced chemoradiotherapy with full response. Subsequently, the patient was readmitted due to pelvic pain again, and a magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed an abnormal mass in the patient’s left fallopian tube and uterine corpus, infiltrating the myometrium. Consequently, total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy was performed, along with omentectomy, which confirmed metastatic involvement from rectal cancer upon postoperative pathological examination. This case may inform further diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer metastasis to the fallopian tube.
Management of a rare symptomatic retrocaval ureter: a case report with review of literature
Authors: Ahmad Manzoor , Ahmed Ezaz , Mohammad Ali Wasif , Khalid Saifullah , Ali Imad
Published: June 2024

Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital vascular anomaly with an incidence of 0.13%, leading to the passage of the right ureter behind the inferior vena cava and then turning around it to attain its lateral position. The condition is usually associated with obstruction in the right kidney and proximal ureter leading to symptoms like dull aching pain in the flanks, recurrent episodes of urinary tract infections, and recurrent stone formation. The patient presented with recurrent episodes of burning micturition and pain in the right flank for the past 6 months. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography kidney–ureter–bladder was done to diagnose the condition. The patient was managed by open pelviureteric anastomosis lateral to the inferior vena cava, thus eliminating the obstruction on the ureter. The patient has had an uneventful postoperative follow-up. Retrocaval ureter is a rare condition and should be clinically suspected in cases of hydronephrosis where other causes have been ruled out. Different approaches can be used to correct the anomaly. In this case report, an open transperitoneal intraabdominal approach has been used.
Molecular Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile Colonization in Families With Infants
Authors: Marlow Christine , Clayton Jason A , Minich Nori , Golonka Gregory , Maruskin Lynn , Jencson Annette L , Hailes Jennifer M , Choi Hosoon , Chatterjee Piyali , Hwang Munok , Jinadatha Chetan , Cadnum Jennifer L , Donskey Curtis J , Toltzis Philip
Published: June 2024

Background

Community-associated Clostridioides difficile infection is a major public health hazard to adults and older children. Infants frequently excrete toxigenic C difficile asymptomatically in their stool, but their importance as a community reservoir of C difficile is uncertain.

Methods

Families of healthy infants were recruited at the baby's 4-month well child visit and were followed longitudinally until the baby was approximately 9 months old. Babies and mothers submitted stool or rectal swabs every 2 weeks that were cultivated for C difficile; fathers’ participation was encouraged but not required. Clostridioides difficile isolates were strain-typed by fluorescent polymerase chain reaction ribotyping and by core genome multilocus sequence typing, and the number of families in whom the same strain was cultivated from >1 family member (“strain sharing”) was assessed.

Results

Thirty families were enrolled, including 33 infants (3 sets of twins) and 30 mothers; 19 fathers also participated. Clostridioides difficile was identified in 28 of these 30 families over the course of the study, and strain sharing was identified in 17 of these 28. In 3 families, 2 separate strains were shared. The infant was involved in 17 of 20 instances of strain sharing, and in 13 of these, the baby was identified first, with or without a concomitantly excreting adult. Excretion of shared strains usually was persistent.

Conclusions

Clostridioides difficile strain sharing was frequent in healthy families caring for an infant, increasing the likelihood that asymptomatically excreting babies and their families represent a reservoir of the organism in the community.