bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upaya Peningkatan Minat Belajar Siswa pada Pokok Bahasan Penyetaraan Persamaan Reaksi Kimia Sederhana Melalui Metode Telunjuk Kanan dan Telunjuk Kiri di Kelas X-D MAN 3 Banjarmasin Tahun 2014/2015
Authors: Chairunnisa Chairunnisa
Published: September 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman  dan respon siswa kelas X – D MAN 3 Banjarmasin terhadap mata pelajaran kimia pada pokok bahasan penyetaraan persamaan reaksi sederhana.Penelitan tindakan kelas ini menggunakan metode telunjuk kanan dan telunjuk kiri. Subyek penelitian siswa kelas X-D MAN 3 Banjarmasin sebanyak 38 orang, yang terdiri dari 13 orang siswa dan 25 orang siswi. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Oktober 2014  sampai Januari 2015 didukung dengan dua orang guru kimia yang mengajar di kelas berbeda bertindak sebagai pengamat (observer). Data yang dikumpulkan melalu teknik tes dan non tes dan analisis menggunakan uji presentase.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada siklus 1 kemampuan guru menerapkan metode telunjuk kanan dan telunjuk kiri pada pokok bahasan penyetaraan persamaan reaksi sederhana adalah baik dan ada peningkatan pemahaman siswa. Ketuntasan belajar pada siklus I secara klasikal mencapai 70,75 %, sedangkan siklus II mencapai 97,20 %. Selain itu, terdapat peningkatan keterampilan kooperatif terutama kemampuan siswa untuk melakukan hubungan sosial seperti mau bertanya pada orang lain, menghargai pendapat orang lain, mau menerima saran orang lain dan mau menyumbangkan ilmu, yang sebelum tindakan kurang mampu dan setelah dilakukan tindakan menjadi sangat mampu.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Serbuk Gergaji Ulin dan Kayu Biasa Sebagai Energi Alternatif Pengganti Bahan Bakar Minyak
Authors: Chairunnisa Chairunnisa
Published: September 2018

Konsumsi bahan bakar di Indonesia telah melebihi produksi dalam negeri. Dalam kurun waktu 10-15 tahun ke depan cadangan rainyak bumi Indonesia diperkirakan akan habis. Oleh karena itu, usaha untuk mencari bahan bakar alternatif yang dapat diperbaharui (renewable), ramah lingkungan dan bernilai ekonomis, semakin banyak dilakukan. Limbah industri kayu dan pertanian seperti serbuk gergaji ulin dan serbuk gergaji kayu biasa yang banyak terdapat di Banjarmasin belum termanfaatkan sepenuhnya. Proses pembuatan briket diawali dengan cara mengeringkan serbuk gergaji ulin maupun serbuk gergaji kayu biasa di bawah terik matahari untuk mengurangi kadar airnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkkan dengan massa yang sama, briket biasa maupun briket arang yang dari serbuk gergaji ulin lebih baik dari serbuk gergaji kayu biasa, karena menunjukkkan waktu yang paling lama dan nyala api yang lebih stabil serta lebih ramah lingkungan dan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif pengganti bahan bakar  minyak.
Pendidikan Islam Berbasis IESAQ
Authors: Hasanah Mila
Published: September 2018

Problematika pendidikan diantaranya adalah terlalu berorientasi kepada aspek kognitif saja, kurang memperhatikan aspek IESAQ. Pendidikan Islam berbasis IESAQ, ditawarkan pada artikel ini dengan metode penelitian kepustakaan. IESAQ yang mengintegrasikan dan memadukan pengembangan aspek intelektual, emosional,  spritual dan Adversity Quotient dilingkungan pendidikan. Mampu menikmati proses menuju keberhasilan walau mereka tahu bahwa akan banyak rintangan dan kesulitan yang menghadang. Namun, di balik kesulitan itu ia akan mendapatkan banyak kemudahan. Strategi Meningkatkan IESAQ: melalui pengalaman kegiatan intelektual, pengalaman terstruktur dan puasa, safar, zikr, kontemplasi , zuhud dan jihad. Atau dengan strategi  tathahhur yaitu pembiasaan taat syari’at,  muhasabah, mujahadah dan riyadhah al-nafs.
Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Penelitian Kuantitatif
Authors: Yusup Febrinawati
Published: September 2018

The research instrument is a tool used to collect data or measure objects of a research variable. To obtain the correct data for the conclusion that is in accordance with the actual situation, then required a valid instrument and consistent and appropriate in providing data of research result. Instrument reliability tests to include test-retest, equivalent, and internal consistency. Internal consistency tests have several testing techniques depending on the type of instrument. Testing techniques included split half test, KR 20, KR 21, and Alfa Cronbach. The value of the validity and reliability of an instrument is influenced by the measured subject, the instrument user, and the instrument itself. Sehinggga, validity and reliability must always be tested before the instrument is used.
Semiotika Puisi Tidak Ada New York Hari Ini Karya M Aan Mansyur
Authors: Taqwiem Ahsani
Published: September 2018

This study aimed to discover the meaning of Tidak Ada New York Hari Ini’s poetry by M. Aan Mansyur. The approach used in this research is semiotic Michael riffaterre. This research was conducted with several stages, namely; understand the non-existence of expression; conducting heuristic and hermeneutic readings; search for its matrix, model, and variant; as well as finding the hypogram of the text. The results of the discussion can reveal the meaning that contained in the poetry. The discussion also shows poetry Tidak Ada New York Hari Ini is a response from the preceding hypogram.
Synthesis, Characterization and Optimum Reaction Conditions of Oligo-N-Salicylidenephenylhydrazone via Oxidative Polymerization
Authors: KOLCU FEYZA
Published: September 2018

The oxidative polycondensation reaction conditions and
optimum parameters of N-salicylidenephenylhydrazone (SPH) were determined using
air, H2O2 and NaOCl as oxidants at a temperature range
between 50 °C and 95 °C in an aqueous alkaline medium. The molecular structures
of the obtained monomer and oligomer were confirmed by FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR and elemental analyses. The
characterization was fulfilled by TG-DTA, size exclusion chromatography (SEC)
and solubility tests. The conversion of N-salicylidenephenylhydrazone into oligomer
was performed using air, H2O2 and NaOCl as oxidants in an
aqueous alkaline medium. According to SEC analysis, the number-average
molecular weight (Mn), weight-average molecular weight (Mw)
and polydispersity index (PDI) values of oligo-N-salicylidenephenylhydrazone
(OSPH) obtained using NaOCl oxidant were found to be 1436 g mol-1, 1631 g mol-1
and 1.14, respectively. The conversion yield of N-salicylidenephenylhydrazone
into oligo-N-salicylidenephenylhydrazone was 100% at optimum reaction
conditions such as [SPH]0 = [KOH]0 = [H2O2]0
=0.06, mol/L and at 90 °C for 10 h. Also, according to TG-DTA analysis,
oligo-N-salicylidenephenylhydrazone was shown to be thermally stable and
resistant to thermo-oxidative decomposition. The weight loss of OSPH was found to be 20, 50 and 92.56% at 275°, 597°
and 1000 °C, respectively.
Is there a difference in 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels between female university students with and without joint hypermobility?
Authors: TUNA Filiz , ÖZDEMİR Hande , DEMİRBAĞ KABAYEL Derya , DOĞANLAR Zeynep Banu
Published: September 2018

Objectives:
Individuals with joint hypermobility (JH) constitute a sensitive group with
regard to musculoskeletal problems. This study aimed to investigate whether
females with generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) are at risk of
hypovitaminosis D compared with non-GJH female participants and whether there
is a relationship between vitamin D levels, Beighton score and musculoskeletal
complaints. Methods: In this
cross-sectional, descriptive and case-control study, 76 female participants aged
18-25 years were included. The Beighton score with a cut-off of 4/9 was applied
for defining GJH. In addition, serum biochemical (the enzymatic colorimetric
method) and hormonal (the electrochemiluminescence method) parameters were
evaluated. Results: The mean
serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels of GJH (n = 38) and non-GJH (n = 38)
groups were 15.70 ± 7.96 ng/mL and 16.80 ± 5.45 ng/mL, respectively. There was
no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of
biochemical and hormonal parameters. We found vitamin D deficiency in 89.5% of
participants with GJH, and 84.2% of controls. There was no correlation between
vitamin D, Brighton criteria, and musculoskeletal complaints.

Conclusion: The
female participants with GJH showed similar frequency of musculoskeletal
complaints and similar low level of 25(OH)D in relation to controls.
VEICULA��O DE ENTEROBACT�RIAS RESISTENTES AOS ANTIMICROBIANOS EM FRUTOS DO MAR
Authors: Evangelista-Barreto Norma Suely , Sampaio Adriana Pereira , Silva Rebeca Ayala Rosa , Sampaio Margarete Alice Fontes , Silva Irana Paim
Published: September 2018

O consumo de frutos do mar tem sido respons�vel por in�meros casos de toxinfec��es alimentares em humanos. Dentre os microrganismos mais implicados nesses surtos se destacam Escherichia coli e Salmonella spp.. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar cepas suspeitas de E. coli e Salmonella spp. isoladas de amostras de sururu in natura e siri processado, bem como verificar a resist�ncia antimicrobiana frente a antimicrobianos comerciais. De um total de 50 cepas suspeitas de E. coli (25) e Salmonella spp. (25), nove foram confirmadas como Salmonella (sururu) e 17 como E. coli (12 sururu e 05 siri processado). Resist�ncia antimicrobiana foi observada para a vancomicina (100%) em ambos os microrganismos. Salmonella spp. se mostrou resistente a cefalotina e a tetraciclina (88,8%) e E. coli a tetraciclina (29,4%), ampicilina e sulfametoxazol-trimetropin (23,5%). Perfil de multirresist�ncia foi observado em todas as cepas de Salmonella e para E. coli apenas nos isoladas de sururu. Genes de resist�ncia m�veis foram observados em 77,7% das cepas de Salmonella e 17,6% das cepas de E. coli. A presen�a de enterobact�rias patog�nicas multirresistentes em mariscos representa um risco � sa�de dos consumidores, uma vez que podem causar infec��es de dif�cil tratamento ou mediar resist�ncia para a microbiota ind�gena do trato gastrintestinal do homem.
FISHERIES ABUNDANCE OF THE LINE AND HOOK SMALL SCALE FISHERIES OF THE CENTRAL COAST OF BRAZIL.
Authors: Prysthon Adriano
Published: September 2018

A challenge of the marine small-scale fisheries (SSF) that requires immediate attention is the uncertainty of how the activity affects and is affected by the changes in ecological and social dynamics. Understanding the fisheries dynamics and strategies allows not only the comprehension of fish yield seasonality but also provides subsidies for the ecosystem approach of fisheries (EAF) on the possible impacts it may cause. This study aimed to describe the fishery dynamics of the hook and line fisheries on the major stocks exploited by SSFs on the central coast of Brazil (Baixo-Sul region, Bahia). 5,092 landings by the SSF fleet were evaluated between 2004 and 2008. The main abundance index (annual and monthly average CPUE) was evaluated and compared (ANOVA and Tukey at 5%). The finding that (i) the high selectivity of hook and line and absence of bycatch and, (ii) the stability of the monthly mean CPUE indicated that the hook and line SSF in the region studied may not significant environmental impact. This result emphasizes the importance that the information generated may represent for the decision making process to confront the possible impacts and conflicts of the use of the marine coastal environment, as well as the need for the effective participation of fishers in the co-management models in the future and improve better public policies aimed at the fisherfolks. These results also contribute to the construction of co-management models based on EAF.
MODELAGEM DAS INTER-RELA��ES ENTRE A PESCA E O REGIME FLUVIAL NO RIO PURUS, AM
Authors: Lopes Giulia Cristina Dos Santos , De Souza Lucirene Aguiar , Inomata Sandrelly Oliveira
Published: September 2018

Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender as rela��es do regime fluvial do rio Purus com a pesca comercial e simular efeitos at�picos no n�vel deste rio. Foi realizado um levantamento de dados secund�rios referentes ao n�vel do rio Purus e a pesca comercial nesse ambiente e posteriormente, as informa��es adquiridas alimentaram o modelo constru�do no software Stella vers�o 8.0. Cada vari�vel foi representada por um s�mbolo, onde foram inseridas as rela��es funcionais que consistiram em constantes, par�metros, equa��es matem�ticas determin�sticas, gr�ficas e l�gicas. Foram simulados dois cen�rios: i) com varia��es do n�vel do rio consideradas normais. No qual, os resultados mostraram que houve a influ�ncia direta do regime fluvial na atividade pesqueira, dessa forma altera��es que podem ocorrer, causam impacto sobre a pesca; ii) com varia��es at�picas no n�vel do rio. Neste, foi observado um elevado aumento e oscila��o do esfor�o pesqueiro. A compara��o entre os dois cen�rios mostrou que, possivelmente, o aumento de oscila��es at�picas no regime fluvial prejudicar� os pescadores e os consumidores de pescado.
KENDALA PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERBANKAN SYARIAH MELALUI PENGADILAN AGAMA KOTA MALANG
Authors: Zulhefni M
Published: September 2018

Authority to prosecute sharia economy is an Islamic Religious Court’s absolute authority. However, there are still a lot of Sharia economic problems presented to the District Court. This fact raises the question, what causes an Sharia economic dispute still filed in the District Court. This research is a field research or field study with a juridical sociology approach. As for method of analysis, the research used descriptive qualitative analysis method. Causative factor that make Sharia economic problems still exist in an environment of Public Justice is not caused by one party but the entire parties concerned in transactions of Islamic economy. In addition, the authorities in resolving the disputes also be the cause. There are at least 4 causes that can be categorized which is associated with the contract clause in terms of dispute resolution, the customer, the competence of religious court judges and the attitude of the District Court.

Kewenangan untuk mengadili perkara ekonomi syariah merupakan kewenangan absolut yang dimiliki Pengadilan Agama. Namun pada kenyataanya masih banyak perkara ekonomi syariah yang diajukan oleh pelaku ekonomi syariah ke Pengadilan Negeri. Hal ini menimbulkan tanda tanya, faktor apakah yang menyebabkan sengketa ekonomi syariah sampai saat ini masih diajukan di Pengadilan Negeri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian field research atau studi lapangan dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis. Adapun metode analisis data yang menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah faktor penyebab masih adanya perkara ekonomi syariah di lingkungan Peradilan Umum tidaklah disebabkan oleh satu pihak saja, melainkan seluruh pihak yang terkait dalam transaksi ekonomi syariah tersebut. Selain itu, pihak yang berwenang dalam menyelesaikan sengketa juga ikut menjadi penyebab. Setidaknya ada 4 penyebab yang dapat penulis kategorikan dalam penelitian yaitu sebab yang terkait dengan klausula akad dalam hal penyelesaian sengketa, nasabah, kompetensi hakim Pengadilan Agama dan sikap dari Pengadilan Negeri itu sendiri.
Anestesi Tetes Infus Gravimetrik Ketapol sebagai Alternatif Bius Umum Secara Inhalasi Guna Menjaga Status Teranestesi pada Babi
Authors: Pemayun I Gusti Agung Gde Putra , Sudisma I Gusti Ngurah
Published: September 2018

This study aim was to evaluate quality and effectiveness of anaesthesia by using gravimetric infusion anaesthesia with ketamine and propofol (ketafol) on pigs. The quality of anesthesia time, the cardiovascular and respiratory response of anaesthesia were evaluated in twelve male pigs with average body weight 35±5 kg. The pigs were divided into four treatments and each treatment consisted of three pigs as repetition. All the experimental animals were premedicated with atropine 0.03 mg/kg mixed with xylazine 2 mg/kg in one syringe injected intramuscularly. Fifteen minutes after premedicated, the pigs was induced intravenously with ketamine 6 mg/kg and propofol 2 mg/kg. Furthermore, the anesthetized state maintaned with gravimetric, each through infusion with propofol (0.1 mg/kg/minute) (PI-P) , ketamine (0.3 mg/kg/ minute) (PIK), combination propofol-ketamin (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg/minute) (PI-PK), and inhalation with isoflurane 1-2% (PI-I). The heart rate, pulse, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2 ), capillary refill time (CRT) were observed before and after treatment of the anesthetic. Premedication combination of atropin 0.03mg/kg mixed with xylazine 2 mg/kg in one syringe and then induced with ketamine 6 mg/kg and propofol 2 mg/kg showed the average length of anesthesia for 32,33 minutes, longer compared to five other treatments with average length of induction three minutes and average recovery time 20.33 minutes. Maintenance of anesthesia with propofol infusion drops (0.1 mg/kg/minute), or propofolketamine infusion drops (0.3 and 0.1 mg/kg/minute) showed safer anesthesia, because they did not make drastic change of heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, oxygen saturation, pulse, and CRT value in the experimental pigs. The conclusion of this study is the methode of gravimetric intravenous infusion by using ketamine and propofol (ketafol) can be used to maintain anesthesia as an alternative general inhalation anaesthesia in pigs.
Tanaman Bakau Api-api Putih (Avicenia marina) Berpotensi Menghambat Mikrob Patogen dan Melindungi Post Larva Udang Windu (THE POTENTIAL OF AVICENNIA MARINA TO INHIBITS PATHOGEN MICROBES AND PROTECTS THE POST LARVA OF TIGER PRAWN)
Authors: Saptiani Gina , Asikin Andi Noor , Ardhani Fikri , Hardi Esti Handayani
Published: September 2018

The research aims to study potency of Avicennia marina leaf extract to inhibit pathogens in vitro and in vivo on post larvae of tiger prawn. The leaves we re chopped, dried and extracted with water solvents, sea water andethanol. In vitro inhibitory tests were performed using agar disc diffusion (ADD) and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. The in vivo test on tiger prawn PL-8 was given by submersion, which then tested with Vibrio harveyi and Saprolegnia sp. The in vitro test showed A. marina extract can inhibit V.harveyi and Saprolegnia sp. In vivo tests of V. harveyi and Saprolegnia sp. infections, showed 60- 88% survival and 57.33-86.67%, with protective ability of the highest pathogen infection of 80.80% and 77.80%. The best A. marina extract that can inhibit microbial and protect the tiger prawn from pathogen infection is ethanol extract with concentration 1,250-1,500 ppm, followed by sea water extract 1,500 ppm and water extract 1,500 ppm respectively
GAMBARAN KEPERCAYAAN TENTANG KHASIAT MENYIRIH PADA MASYARAKAT PAPUA DI KELURAHAN ARDIPURA I DISTRIK JAYAPURA SELATAN KOTA JAYAPURA
Authors: Kamisorei Rahel Violin , Devy Shrimarti Rukmini
Published: September 2018

Indonesian people has long know the, betel leaf, areca nut, and lime is material to betel chewing. Chewing the betel leaf is believed can care teeth by ancestors. They are convinced that slacking can strengthen teeth, cure small cuts in the mouth, eliminate bad breath. Indigenous Papuans engage in slaughtering behavior because of the belief inherited from the ancestors. The frequency of betel chewing practiced by indigenous people of Papua is > 2 times a day by consuming more than two areca nuts and is believed to maintain good oral hygiene. Positive impacts which are felt when doing betel chewing namely; body feels fresh, elimination of bad breath, and restores solid teeth. While the negative impact shows thickness of the tongue, wound on the edge of the mouth, numbness of the tongue, and addicted to chewing betel. Beliefs about the efficacy from betel chewing make people do not take care of dental health. Communities experienced plaque build-up and dental caries. The purpose of this study is to determine the image of belief and the efficacy of betel chewing in Ardipura Village District of South Jayapura City. This study followed a qualitative design approach and study was phenomenology type, and descriptive through active participation, conducted interviews and observations using content analysis technique. The determination of informants in this study uses purposive sampling technique method. Results drawn from this study shows the behavior of betel chewing is believed to strengthen teeth, relieve toothache and drowsiness, eliminate bad breath and betel chewing as a from friendship.Keywords: Betel chewing, Belief, District of South Jayapura city
APLIKASI HEALTH BELIEF MODEL PADA PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE
Authors: Attamimy Helmy Bachtiar , Qomaruddin M. Bagus
Published: September 2018

Dengue fever is an acute fever disease that caused by dengue virus by the bite of mosquito of the genus aedes. In Indonesia, large number of dengue fever was fluctuatited every year, including East Java. One of large number cases is the Kediri. The effort of dengue fever preventions should have been comprehensive, including behavio factorsr. The aim know the relationship between the trust factor through effort of dengue fever preventions in the working area of Community Health Center Sukorame, Mojoroto, Kediri. This research uses quantitative approach that shaped descriptive analytic by correlation study and cross sectional design. An instrument that is used was interview by the simple random sampling technique. The data conducted in research is respondents as many as 100 people in the workplace of Community Health Center Sukorame. The dengue fever preventions effort as variable dependent, and the trust of perceived susceptibility, severity, cues to action, benefits, and bariers as independent variables. The result show that relation between dengue fever prevention effort and perceived susceptibility rs= 0,292, saverity rs= 0,406, cues to actions rs= 0,432, benefits rs= 0,239, and barriers rs= -0,122. Beside that, among independent variable factors, perceived barriers is not significant by sign = 0,144. Conclusion of the research that there is relation between the trust factor on perceived severity, susceptibility, cues to action and benefits for dengue fever prevention in the working area of Community Health Center Sukorame, Mojoroto, Kediri, and perceived barriers which aren’t in related with dengue fever prevention in that areas.Keyword: belief factor, HBM, dengue fever prevention behavior
A Distinct Pattern of Circulating Amino Acids Characterizes Older Persons with Physical Frailty and Sarcopenia: Preliminary Results from the BIOSPHERE Study
Authors: Calvani Riccardo , Picca Anna , Marini Federico , Biancolillo Alessandra , Gervasoni Jacopo , Persichilli Silvia , Primiano Aniello , Coelho-Junior Helio , Bossola Maurizio , Urbani Andrea , Landi Francesco , Bernabei Roberto , Marzetti Emanuele
Published: September 2018

Physical frailty and sarcopenia (PF&S) are hallmarks of aging that share a common pathogenic background. Perturbations in protein/amino acid metabolism may play a role in the development of PF&S. In this preliminary study, 68 community-dwellers aged 70 years and older, 38 with PF&S and 30 non-sarcopenic, non-frail controls (nonPF&S), were enrolled. A panel of 37 serum amino acids and derivatives was assayed by UPLC-MS. Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was used to characterize the amino acid profile of PF&S. The optimal complexity of the PLS-DA model was found to be three latent variables. The proportion of correct classification was 76.6 ± 3.9% (75.1 ± 4.6% for enrollees with PF&S; 78.5 ± 6.0% for controls). Older adults with PF&S were characterized by higher levels of asparagine, aspartic acid, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamic acid, sarcosine, and taurine. The profile of nonPF&S individuals was defined by higher levels of α-aminobutyric acid and methionine. Distinct profiles of circulating amino acids and derivatives characterize older individuals with PF&S. The dissection of these patterns may provide novel insights into the role played by protein/amino acid perturbations in the disabling cascade and possible new targets for interventions.
Bromatological and Mineralogical Studies in Fruit Pulps Cultivated in the Northern Amazon
Authors: Montero Fernández Ismael , Alves Chagas Edvan , Cardoso Chagas Pollyana , Saravia Maldonado Selvin Antonio , Carvalho dos Santos Ricardo , Estevam Ribeiro Pedro Rômulo , Gonçalves Reis de Melo Ana Cristina , de Melo Filho Antonio Alves
Published: September 2018

In this work, nine fruits cultivated in the northern Amazon were studied: abiu, acerola, araçá, bacupari, biribá, caçarí, fruta-do-conde, graviola and taperebá, with the objective of carrying out a bromatological and nutritional study of the pulps of fruits studied. Of all of them, are the pulps of graviola (76.83 ± 0.02 kcal 100 g-1) bacupari (76.83 ± 0.02 kcal 100 g-1) and fruta-do-conde (46.66 ± 0.02 kcal 100 g-1). Among the macronutrients, the high concentration of potassium stands out, especially in the graviola (541.16 ± 0.24 mg 100 g-1) and the biribá (468.21 ± 0.13 mg 100 g-1). Among the micronutrients, iron concentrations are representative for araçá pulp (3.04 ± 0.02 mg 100g-1), abiu is rich in zinc (3.71 ± 0.02 mg 100 g-1) and manganese (6.61 ± 0.11 mg 100 g-1). The presence of cobalt at the level of traces in some of the pulps studied stands out. The Pearson correlation coefficient was evaluated, as well as the statistical treatment by multivariate analysis PCA to establish the correlation between the variables studied.
Analysis of Different Statistical Models in Probabilistic Joint Estimation of Porosity and Litho-Fluid Facies from Acoustic Impedance Values
Authors: Aleardi Mattia
Published: September 2018

We discuss the influence played by different statistical models in the prediction of porosity and litho-fluid facies from logged and post-stack inverted acoustic impedance (Ip) values. We compare the inversion and classification results obtained under three different a-priori statistical assumptions: an analytical Gaussian distribution, an analytical Gaussian-mixture model and a non-parametric mixture distribution. The first model assumes Gaussian distributed porosity and Ip values, thus neglecting their facies-dependent behaviour caused by different lithologic and saturation conditions. Differently, the other two statistical models relate each component of the mixture to a specific litho-fluid facies, so that the facies-dependency of porosity and Ip values is taken into account. Blind well tests are used to validate the final predictions, whereas the analysis of the maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) solutions, the coverage ratio and the contingency analysis tools are used to quantitatively compare the inversion outcomes. This work points out that the correct choice of the statistical petrophysical model could be crucial in reservoir characterization studies. Indeed, for the investigated zone it turns out that the simple Gaussian model constitutes an oversimplified assumption, while the two mixture models provide more accurate results, although the non-parametric one yields slightly superior predictions with respect to the Gaussian-mixture assumption.
Effects of Long-Term Walnut Supplementation on Body Weight in Free-living Elderly: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bitok Edward , Rajaram Sujatha , Jaceldo-Siegl Karen , Oda Keiji , Sala-Vila Aleix , Serra-Mir Mercè , Ros Emilio , Sabaté Joan
Published: September 2018

Objective: To assess the effects of chronic walnut consumption on body weight and adiposity in elderly individuals. Methods: The Walnuts And Healthy Aging study is a dual-center (Barcelona, Spain and Loma Linda University [LLU]), 2-year randomized parallel trial. This report concerns only the LLU cohort. Healthy elders (mean age 69 y, 67% women) were randomly assigned to walnut (n = 183) or control diets (n = 173). Subjects in the walnut group received packaged walnuts (28–56 g/d), equivalent to ≈15% of daily energy requirements, to incorporate into their habitual diet, while those in the control group abstained from walnuts. Adiposity was measured periodically, and data were adjusted for in-trial changes in self-reported physical activity. Results: After 2 years, body weight significantly decreased (P = 0.031), while body fat significantly increased (P = 0.0001). However, no significant differences were observed between the control and walnut groups regarding body weight (−0.6 kg and −0.4 kg, respectively, P = 0.67) or body fat (+0.9% and +1.3%, respectively, P = 0.53). Lean body mass, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio remained essentially unchanged. Sensitivity analyses were consistent with the findings of primary analysis. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that walnuts can be incorporated into the daily diet of healthy elders without concern for adverse effects on body weight or body composition.
Lignocellulosic Biomass as Source for Lignin-Based Environmentally Benign Antioxidants
Authors: Alzagameem Abla , El Khaldi-Hansen Basma , Büchner Dominik , Larkins Michael , Kamm Birgit , Witzleben Steffen , Schulze Margit
Published: September 2018

Antioxidant activity is an essential feature required for oxygen-sensitive merchandise and goods, such as food and corresponding packaging as well as materials used in cosmetics and biomedicine. For example, vanillin, one of the most prominent antioxidants, is fabricated from lignin, the second most abundant natural polymer in the world. Antioxidant potential is primarily related to the termination of oxidation propagation reactions through hydrogen transfer. The application of technical lignin as a natural antioxidant has not yet been implemented in the industrial sector, mainly due to the complex heterogeneous structure and polydispersity of lignin. Thus, current research focuses on various isolation and purification strategies to improve the compatibility of lignin material with substrates and enhancing its stabilizing effect. This contribution presents antioxidant capacity studies of various lignins depending on purification degree of the raw material. In detail, the antioxidant potential of lignin-based compounds is studied using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. The purification procedure was monitored by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and showed that double-fold selective extraction is the most efficient purification procedure (confirmed by UV-Vis, FTIR, HSQC and 31P NMR spectroscopy, SEC and XRD analysis). Results are discussed regarding the dependency of antioxidant activity on lignin structure and biomass source. Thus, lignins obtained from industrial black liquor are compared with beech wood samples. In addition, the influence of lignin isolation (kraft versus organosolv) is discussed. Values of the antioxidant activity (DPPH inhibition) of kraft lignin fractions were 62-68% while beech and spruce/pine-mixed lignins showed values between 26, 64 and 42%, respectively. TPC values of the different isolated kraft lignin fractions varied between 26-35%, while beech, spruce/pine lignins were 34, 30 and 34%, respectively. Storage decreased the TPC values and increased the DPPH inhibition.
Differences of Legionella Pneumophila Serogroups Distribution in Well Water, Tap Water, Ice Cubes, Hospital and Hotel Water in East Java
Authors: Bimo Aksono Eduardus , Rachmawati Kadek , Bijanti Retno
Published: September 2018

Background Legionella pneumophila is one of the causes of legionellosis. Water environments serve as the natural habitat and the main sources of Legionella pneumophila. Objectives The aims of this study was to understand the differences of Legionella pneumophila serogroups distribution in well water, tap water, ice cubes, hospital and hotel water in East Java-Indonesia. Methods a total of 60 water samples in east java-Indonesia; from well water (n=25), tap water (n=5), ice cubes (n=5), water from the hospital (n=16), and hotel water (n=9) were detected using polymerase chain reaction with mip gene spesific primers and then it was analyzed by phylogenetic tree. Results For the 60 water samples collected in East Java, 12% of the samples (7/60) were positively contaminated by L. pneumophila. In details, there was 8% of the well water samples (2/25), 2% of the tap water samples (1/5), 2% of the ice cubes samples (1/5), 0% of the hospital water samples (0/16) and 33.33% of the hotel water samples (3/9). The phylogenetic tree showed that Legionella pneumophila contaminating well water isolate 1 from Surabaya and tap water isolate from Sidoarjo was closer to L.pneumophila serogroup 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, isolates from Brazil, China, Spain and Australia. L.pneumophila contaminating the ice cubes from Sidoarjo was closer to serogroup 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14, while the bacteria contaminating well water isolate 2 from Sidoarjo as well as water in hotel of Surabaya (hotel water isolate 1, 2 and 3) classified into their own group. Conclusion There is a difference in the distribution of L. pneumophila serogroups between well water, tap water, ice cubes, and hotels.
Gaelic Organizations in Nineteenth- and Early-Twentieth-Century Ontario
Authors: Newton Michael Steven
Published: September 2018

This article offers a brief summary of the history and activities of Gaelic organizations in Ontario in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It examines how Ontario Gaels thought about themselves as a distinct group, what particular people considered to be valuable or disposable aspects of their ethnicity, how they negotiated between their ancestral inheritance and the expectations of Angloconformity, and how contemporary values and events conditioned internal and external perceptions. It concludes that previous commentary about Scottish and Gaelic organizations in Ontario contrasts with the Gaelic texts produced by and about these groups.
Scottish Diaspora Review Essay
Authors: Harrison Laura
Published: September 2018

Tanja Bueltmann, Andrew Hinson and Graeme Morton, The Scottish Diaspora. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013. Pp. 272. ISBN 9780748648924. CAD$40.00; Marjory Harper, Scotland No More? The Scots who left Scotland in the Twentieth Century’. Edinburgh: Luath Press Limited, 2012. Pp. 279. ISBN 9781908373359. CAD$24.99; Murray Stewart Leith and Duncan Sim, eds. The Modern Scottish Diaspora: Contemporary Debates and Perspectives. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2014. Pp. 288. ISBN 9780748681419. CAD$40.00
Laurence A. B. Whitley. A Great Grievance: Ecclesiastical Lay Patronage in Scotland until 1750. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2013. Pp. xxiv-334. ISBN: 9781610979900. CAD$41.28.
Authors: McDougall Jamie
Published: September 2018

Laurence A. B. Whitley. A Great Grievance: Ecclesiastical Lay Patronage in Scotland until 1750. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2013. Pp. xxiv-334. ISBN: 9781610979900. CAD$41.28.
Kyle Hughes. The Scots in Victorian and Edwardian Belfast: A Study in Elite Migration. Scottish Historical Review Monograph Series. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013. Pp. 236. ISBN 9780748679928. GBP £55.00.
Authors: Horn Gerard
Published: September 2018

Kyle Hughes. The Scots in Victorian and Edwardian Belfast: A Study in Elite Migration. Scottish Historical Review Monograph Series. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013. Pp. 236. ISBN9780748679928. GBP £55.00.
The Making and Breaking of a Comital Family: Malcolm Fleming, First Earl of Wigtown, and Thomas Fleming, Second Earl of Wigtown, Part 2: The Breaking of an Earldom: The Decline of Earl Malcolm and Failure of Earl Thomas
Authors: Oram Richard
Published: September 2018

The Making and Breaking of a Comital Family: Malcolm Fleming, First Earl of Wigtown, and Thomas Fleming, Second Earl of Wigtown, Part 2: The Breaking of an Earldom: The Decline of Earl Malcolm and Failure of Earl Thomas
Yb:CALYO-based femtosecond chirped pulse regenerative amplifier for temporally resolved pump-probe spectroscopy
Authors: Rudenkov A. S. , Kisel V. E. , Yasukevich A. S. , Hovhannesyan K. L. , Petrosyan A. G. , Kuleshov N. V.
Published: September 2018

Diode-pumped femtosecond chirped pulse regenerative amplifiers based on Yb3+-materials are of practical importance for wide range of scientific, industrial and biomedical applications. The aim of this work was to study the amplification of broadband chirped femtosecond pulses in regenerative amplifier based on Yb3+:CaYAlO4crystal.

Such systems use femtosecond mode-locked lasers as seed pulse sources and amplify nJ-seed pulses to sub-mJ energy range. Most chirped pulse regenerative amplifier systems described in the literature use seed lasers with typical pulse spectral width at the level of 10–15 nm full width at half maximum (FWHM) that limit the seed pulse duration of about 90 fs and amplified pulse duration at the level of 200 fs due to strong influence of gain narrowing effect on the amplified pulse parameters. Yb3+-doped crystals with wide and smooth gain bandwidth as an active medium of chirped femtosecond pulse regenerative amplification systems allow to reduce negative contribution of gain narrowing effect and lead to shortening of amplified pulses. In this research we study the chirped pulse regenerative amplification of broad-band femtosecond pulses (60 nm spectral width FWHM) in the Yb3+:CaYAlO -based chirped pulse regenerative amplifier. Substantial reduction of the amplified pulse duration down to 120 fs (19.4 nm spectral width FWHM) with average power of 3 W at 200 kHz pulse repetition frequency was demonstrated without any gain narrowing compensation technique.

The results of experimental investigation of broad-band seeded Yb3+:CaYAlO -based chirped pulse regenerative amplifier are reported for the first time to our knowledge. 120 fs-pulses (19.4 nm FWHM) with average output power of 3 W were demonstrated without any gain narrowing compensation technique. Despite the significant reduction of amplified pulse duration the task of improvement group velocity dispersion balance (including high orders of group velocity dispersion) remains relevant.
Measuring transducers for optical diagnostic system with multifunctional unitary photovoltaic converters
Authors: Vorobei R. I. , Gusev O. K. , Svistun A. I. , Tyavlovsky A. K. , Tyavlovsky K. L. , Shadurskaya L. I.
Published: September 2018

Modern measuring transducers for optical diagnostic system should perform automatic parameter estimation of optical signal and automatic switching between different energetic and optical sensitivity ranges. Traditional solution of this problem lies in the field of multi-sensory systems, complex optical schemes and complex signal processing algorithms. The paper aims at the development of new measuring transducers for optical diagnostic system on a basis of multifunctional unitary photovoltaic converters built on semiconductors with low-concentration deep dopants that form multiple energy levels for different charge states in the band gap. Relative complexity of physical processes accompanying the recharge of several energy levels of multiply-charged deep dopant makes it possible to realize the multifunctionality of a photoelectric converter albeit simple sensor design.

The proposed unitary photovoltaic converters proved to have extended functional characteristics and increased ranges of energetic characteristic (by dozens dB) and spectral sensitivity characteristic with possible shifts of red margin by 2 to 4 μm in the spectral sensitivity range of 1–10 μm. Energetic and spectral sensitivity characteristic ranges could be switched either by measurement signal itself or by additional control inputs. Possible materials for resistive or barrier photovoltaic converter structure are Germanium, Silicon, А3В5 systems and other semiconductors including that compatible with «non-silicon» technologies and structures on sapphire substrate.
Simulation of cathode surface sputtering by ions and fast atoms in Townsend discharge in argon-mercury mixture with temperature-dependent composition
Authors: Bondarenko G. G. , Kristya V. I. , Savichkin D. O. , Żukowski P.
Published: September 2018

The mixture of argon and mercury vapor is used as the background gas in different types of gas discharge illuminating lamps. The aim of this work was development of a model, describing transport of electrons, ions and fast atoms in the one-dimensional low-current gas discharge in argon-mercury mixture, and determination of the dependence of their contributions to the cathode sputtering, limiting the device service time, on the temperature.

For simulation of motion of electrons we used the Monte Carlo method of statistical modeling, whereas the ion and metastable excited atom motion, in order to reduce the calculation time, we described on the basis of their macroscopic transport equations, which allowed to obtain their flow densities at the cathode surface. Then, using the Monte Carlo method, we found the energy spectra of ions and fast atoms, generated in collisions of ions with mixture atoms, at the cathode surface and also the effective coefficients of the cathode sputtering by each type of particles.

Calculations showed that the flow densities of argon ions and fast argon atoms, produced in collisions of argon ions with slow argon atoms, do not depend on the temperature, while the flow densities of mercury ions and fast argon atoms generated by them grow rapidly with the temperature due to an increase of mercury content in the mixture.

There are represented results of modeling of the energy spectra of ions and fast atoms at the cathode surface. They demonstrate that at low mercury content in the mixture of the order of 10–3 the energies of mercury ions exceed that of the other types of particles, so that the cathode is sputtered mainly by mercury ions, and their contribution to sputtering is reduced at a mixture temperature decrease.
Estética e ideología en las secuencias de créditos de las series El puente y Mindhunter
Authors:   Universidad de Zaragoza, Lope Salvador Víctor
Published: September 2018

Este trabajo es un análisis de dos secuencias de créditos correspondientes a las series El puente y Mindhunter para explorar sus efectos tanto estéticos como ideológicos. Se presta atención especial a la definición de lo ideológico y a su relación con la estética para desde ahí pensar en una metodología de análisis aplicable a los textos audiovisuales narrativos. Comprobamos que se puede establecer una diferenciación de dos niveles ideológicos: el de la formulación precisa de proclamas en torno a cualquier tema y el de la creación de sustratos difusos que se extienden, por la vía de la estetización y de forma no tan consciente. Las secuencias de créditos de las series actuales resultan ser un terreno idóneo para analizar esta vinculación entre estética e ideología. En las que aquí se analizan se detectan, como rasgos esenciales de su escritura, el horror, la oscuridad, el miedo, el dolor, la falta de horizonte y, en general, un tono emocional pesimista.
La fotografía periodística y los social media: la jornada del 1 de octubre en Cataluña
Authors:   Universidad de Málaga, Cea Nereida
Published: September 2018

En este trabajo se analiza el papel que está jugando la fotografía en el contexto del periodismo y los medios sociales. Se observa que la fotografía procedente de los social media es cada vez más frecuente en los medios de comunicación digitales. En este artículo se aborda los aspectos que motivan la importancia creciente de la fotografía social media y las características de uso que se observan en los medios digitales. La incorporación de este tipo de fotografías procedente de las redes sociales introduce, al tiempo que enormes posibilidades, nuevos retos para la Comunicación. Los procesos periodísticos están cambiando y se intentan preservar los principios de la praxis periodística. Sin embargo, el ritmo del flujo comunicativo de las redes en ocasiones colisiona con los tiempos necesarios para los procesos de verificación. A partir del estudio de la cobertura informativa de la jornada del 1 de octubre en Barcelona, se describen los cambios que introduce la incorporación de la fotografía social en la cobertura periodística. Entre las conclusiones, se subraya la importancia de reforzar los mecanismos de verificación y se sugieren prácticas y recursos para incorporar la fotografía social al mensaje periodístico.
Online Opportunities: A Quantitative Content Analysis Benchmark Study of Online Retail Plant Sales
Authors: Baker Lauri M. , Boyer Cheryl R. , Peterson Hikaru H. , King Audrey E.H.
Published: September 2018

Online, direct selling (ODS) has become the leading way that people acquire goods, with Amazon (Seattle, WA) being the largest online vendor in the United States. This study sought to determine if horticultural businesses were engaging in ODS with Amazon, ebay, and other websites. Researchers examined the ODS activity of 498 businesses using quantitative content analysis methods, and found that 93 horticultural industry businesses were conducting some form of ODS through their websites, but only four offered products on Amazon. Results indicate that ODS remains an untapped marketplace for the horticultural industry, particularly for small, rural businesses.
Increasing Student Awareness and Understanding of Food Security by Integrating a Service-learning Project into an Undergraduate Hydroponic Food Production Course
Authors: Currey Christopher J. , VanDerZanden Ann Marie , Mitchell Joshua J.
Published: September 2018

Food security is a growing global concern. To meet the needs of an ever-growing population, food production practices will need to evolve to maximize food quantity and quality. Controlled-environment food production has increased significantly in the United States over the past 5 years, and a component of that production includes hydroponic food crops. In an effort to better prepare a workforce with knowledge of hydroponic crop production, a new course was added to an existing greenhouse curriculum. A service-learning project was integrated in the course that allowed students to experience both growing crops hydroponically and volunteering at a local food bank with a free meal program. Self-assessment showed a significant increase in student confidence in understanding food security by the end of the course. There was also a significant knowledge gained in defining terminology, factors, and the impact of food security in a community. The three guided reflections students completed during the course identified four common themes relative to the course content and service-learning project including the following: community benefits, value of volunteering, local and global effects of food insecurity, and personal growth.