bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case report of laryngeal edema caused by COVID-19
Authors: Liang Mintong , Li Tong , He Xiaolin , Ding Lishan , He Lei , Yang Rui
Published: April 2023

Background
Laryngeal edema is caused by the exudation of submucosal tissue fluid from the laxity of the pharynx and can lead to obstruction of the upper airway. It is commonly caused by post-extubation, drug allergy, and bacterial infection. During the current COVID-19 pandemic situation, laryngeal edema is a relatively rare but fatal complication of COVID-19. Taking measures to prevent laryngeal edema can reduce the incidence of sudden life-threatening events in the course of treatment.
Case presentation:
Here, we report a case in a Chinese male with COVID-19 complicated with laryngeal edema. The initial diagnosis of COVID-19 was followed by a sudden onset of inspiratory dyspnea during hospitalization. At the time of tracheal intubation, laryngeal edema was seen, and a positive bacterial culture suggested a secondary bacterial infection.
Conclusion
We report a rare case of laryngeal edema complicated by COVID-19. The patient recovered after prompt intubation and treatment. Close monitoring of patients' inflammation indicators and auxiliary bacterial monitoring can effectively prevent the occurrence of laryngeal edema caused by COVID-19.
A Social Network Analysis approach for identifying critical research areas in the management of Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)
Authors: Karakkottil Prajith , Lalsiemlien Pulamte
Published: April 2023

The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is threatening the world's food supply and causing negative effects on food production and rural livelihoods in numerous nations, resulting in socioeconomic consequences. Despite significant research, there is still no effective way to control this pest. To manage the fall armyworm, institutional or global collaboration is necessary, which involves mobilizing resources for research, promoting international cooperation, and sharing knowledge. The article employs the Social Network Analysis method to analyze the current research trends related to management techniques for the fall armyworm, which provides new insights into the relationships between different concepts and control strategies and how they are being implemented in the field. The study identifies important research concepts, popular topics, and key actors that have influenced a specific field of research related to managing an agricultural pest. The information collected can be useful for students, academics, practitioners, science policy-makers, and R&D management who are interested in dealing with this pest.
Microwave Assisted Extraction of Citrus limetta Peel and assessment of its Bio-Actives Using HRLC-MS/MS
Authors: Deo S.K. , Sakhale B. K.
Published: April 2023

Citrus limetta, often known as sweet lime, is one of India's most important crops due to its high demand in the agro-processing industry. Peel of Citrus limetta has significant levels of polyphenolic chemicals that have pharmacological effects. In current study, the peel is valued for the bioactive compounds it contains. The total phenolic content (TPC) was 16.66 mg GAE/g with an extraction yield of 12.91%. Radical scavenging activity (RSA) was 78.05%, total flavanoid content (TFC) was 9.59 mg QE/g, and total phenolic content (TPC) was 9.59 mg QE/g. Sweet lime peel (SLP) extract was obtained by microwave assisted extraction (MAE) in methanol.LC-MS/MS results showed 18 flavonoid compounds along with polyphenols like rutin, curcumin diglucoside, carotenoid, coumeroic acid, coumaric acids, flavonoid-7-o-glycosides, and Gardenin B that embrace anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activity. This method uses Q-TOF LC/MS with Agilent MassHunter Profiler software to investigate bioactive components in sweet lime peel.
An Environmental Risks Management Model in Agriculture: Public Policies and Law
Authors: Gómez Jorge Freddy Milian , Triana Yanelys Delgado
Published: April 2023

The research deals with a model proposal for environmental risk management in agricultural production with a view to public policies and law. Agricultural production has been tied to nature since its emergence. However, the environmental shifts caused by climate change and the direct action of human beings significantly affect agricultural development. Therefore, risk management finds fertile ground in the agricultural industry, particularly environmental risk management. This research aims to set up a model for environmental risk management in agricultural production, taking a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary view through the relationship between public policies and law. This article combines a vision from agricultural economics, management and social and legal sciences. Within the structure, general guidelines for environmental risk management in agricultural production are set up; an environmental risk management model is designed, and some public policies and law guidelines are provided. The research’s main result is to obtain a model for managing environmental risks in agricultural production, focusing on the relationship between law and public policy. The methods used are legal-theoretical, legal analytical, analysis-synthesis and inductive-deductive.
A rare case of penetrating thoracic aortic injury
Authors: Huang Xiaoyin , Chen Feiyan , Yu Changjiang , Chen Enguo , Zhou Daoyang
Published: April 2023

Introduction and importance Thoracic aortic injuries could be lethal events. Penetrating injuries to aortic are highly fatal, but these cases are rare in hospital.
Case presentation A 54-year-old man presented with cough for half a month and cough up blood for half a day before he went into our hospital. No obvious positive sign was detected in physical examination.
Clinical findings and investigations Chest computed tomography (CT) showed positive foreign body in the mediastinum, which penetrated the left main bronchus from front to back and penetrated the thoracic aorta backwards.
Interventions and outcome an endovascular stent graft was implanted to ensure that the penetrating aortic injury remains stable; then bronchoscopic evaluation was performed to remove the foreign body. The patient recovered uneventfully. No discomfort has been complained of during regular follow-up.
Relevance and impact endovascular stent repair is an effective lifesaving method for patients with penetrating aortic injury and with surgical contraindications.
COVID-19 impact on adolescent mental health: A reassessment accounting for development
Authors: Wright Nicky , Hill Jonathan , Sharp Helen , Refberg-Brown Miriam , Crook Danielle , Kehl Stuart , Pickles Andrew
Published: April 2023

Current prospective reports suggest a pandemic-related increase in adolescent mental health problems. We examine whether age-related change over 11-14 years accounts for this increase. Parents and adolescents in a UK-based birth cohort (Wirral Child Health and Development Study; WCHADS; N=737) reported on adolescent depression and behavioural problems pre-pandemic (February 2020), mid-pandemic (August 2020) and late-pandemic (August 2021). Analysis used repeated measures models for over-dispersed Poisson counts with a child-specific intercept with age as a time-varying covariate. Maturational curves for girls, but not for boys, showed a significant increase in self-reported depression symptoms over ages 11-14 years. Behavioural problems decreased for both. After adjusting for age-related change, girls’ depression increased by only 13% at mid-pandemic and returned to near pre-pandemic level at late-pandemic (mid versus late -12%) whereas boys’ depression increased by 31% and remained elevated (mid versus late 1%). Age-adjusted behavioural problems increased for both (girls 40%, boys 41%) and worsened from mid to late-pandemic (girls 33%, boys 18%). Initial reports of a pandemic-related increase in depression in young adolescent girls could be explained by a natural maturational rise. In contrast, maturational decreases in boys’ depression and both boys’ and girls’ behavioural problems may mask an effect of the pandemic.
Multi-view GCN for Loan Default Risk Prediction
Authors: Li Zihao , Chen Yakun , Wang Xianzhi , Yao Lina , Xu Guandong
Published: April 2023

Loan default risk prediction is a major application of machine learning for financial institutions to evaluate the client's default probability.

Existing deep learning models rarely consider the connection among application records for loan default detection. We believe similar records, as auxiliary information, are also significant for loan default prediction, particularly for those records with many missing data. Additionally, in practical scenarios, the data distribution is imbalanced since the default records are small samples, which may also lead the model to achieve sub-optimal results. To this end, we propose multi-view loan application graphs, dubbed MLAGs, for small sample augmentation. Additionally, based on the graph convolution, similar records can also be aggregated to alleviate the issue of missing values.

Moreover, a multi-view graph convolution network, named MGCN, is applied for loan default risk prediction. We conduct experiments on three public datasets from real-world home credit and P2P lending platforms, which show that MGCN outperforms both conventional and deep learning models.
Vitamin A-related Nutrition Knowledge Gaps and Predictors among Caregivers of Preschool Children in Eastern Uganda: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mangusho Gilbert , Njogu Eunice , Baingana Rhona Kezabu , Kigaru Dorcus Mbithe David
Published: April 2023

Background
Vitamin A (VA) remains one of the core micronutrients as VA Deficiency (VAD) in children has persisted as a public health problem in many parts of Africa and Asia with adverse micro and macro-level effects. Caregivers of children are essential in the control of VAD; however, there is paucity of data on their knowledge of VA, dietary sources and VAD. This study sought to assess the level of VA-related nutrition knowledge (VANK) and its predictors among caregivers of children aged 24–59 months in Eastern Uganda.
Methods
A cross-sectional analytical design was used. Both socio-demographic and knowledge and attitude (KA) data were collected using a structured questionnaire partly adapted from the FAO model Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) questionnaire. A total of 247 caregivers of children in Bukwo District in Eastern Uganda out of 256 selected using purposive and random sampling methods participated in the study. Ten knowledge questions were used to assess caregiver knowledge based on percentage scores and levels attained (≤ 40%, low; 41–69%, medium and ≥ 70%, high). Pearson’s Chi-square and correlation, and regression statistics were used to analyze the data, with p < .05 considered as significant.
Results
The caregivers were mostly female (90%) with a mean age of 30.89 years (SD = 7.69), majority were married subsistence crop farmers with at least primary level education. Just over 20% scored above 40% on VANK, with varying scores for different aspects: knowledge of VA (46.6%) and VAD (31%); VAD causes (22%), signs/symptoms of VAD (13%) and means of prevention (24%). Perceived severity of VAD among caregivers was significantly associated with their VANK. Age and level of education, were found to be significant socio-demographic predictors of VANK (p < .05).
Conclusion
Caregivers of under-fives in Eastern Uganda had inadequate VANK which was also associated with their perceptions of VAD severity. The main predictors of VANK were age and educational level of the caregiver. Efforts to enhance VANK are recommended especially among caregivers with lower education levels for effective VAD control and achievement of nutrition-related goals such as the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2.
The study of physico-mechanical properties of SiO 2 impregnated wood under dry and saturated conditions
Authors: Lemaire-Paul Mathieu , Foruzanmehr M. Reza.
Published: April 2023

This research has demonstrated that SiO2 impregnation under high vacuum pressure of -90 kPa can significantly reduce porosity by almost 10%, and improve mechanical and viscoelastic properties of spruce wood under dry and saturated states. Characterization methods, such as Impact test, DMA, SEM, EDS, Porosity and SAXS tests were conducted on non-treated and -90 kPa treated spruce wood samples under dry, saturated and submerged states to analyze the synergistic effect of high vacuum SiO2 impregnation pressure on wood’s properties. The results showed that high vacuum impregnation pressure had a significant positive reinforcing effect on wood’s properties. It increased the impact resistance of wood under dry and saturated conditions. Additionally, the high vacuum impregnation technique was able to overcome the water-induced softening effect and caused a significant increase in the Storage modulus through uniform dispersion of the SiO2 particles in the wood’s vascular structure. Consequently, the impregnation reinforced the wood, and ameliorated its capacity to absorb energy. High vacuum impregnation was also able to counteract the plasticizing effect of the water molecules and significantly increased the Loss modulus by increasing the internal friction and cohesion of the wood components with the addition of the nanoparticles to the vascular system, which increased the wood’s capacity to transform and dissipate energy. Quantitatively and qualitatively, impregnation under a vacuum pressure of -90 kPa exhibited an effective obstruction of the vascular structure of spruce wood. In all conditions, high vacuum impregnated samples showed significant enhancements over non-treated samples. This research demonstrated that high vacuum SiO2 impregnation is an effective wood processing techniques. Multiple materials and applications could benefit from this research wherein high strain-rate deformations is expected to occur or when simultaneous elastic behaviour of wood and its damping energy is needed. This study could also pave the way for research on the synergistic effect of SiO2 impregnation and water absorption on the viscoelastic behaviour of wood.
The Efficacy of PRISTINE: Revealing Concealed Opioid Crisis Trends via Reddit Examination
Authors: Alhamadani Abdulaziz , Sarkar Shailik , Behal Srishti , Alkulaib Lulwah , Lu Chang-Tien
Published: April 2023

This work is an extension of our previous efforts to combat the drug abuse epidemic which has been on the rise in the past few years []. We expand our developed framework PRISTINE ((opioid crisis detection on reddit)) to investigate the effectiveness of the framework on detecting opioids crisis trends on an expanded dataset from the two subreddits r/dugs and r/opiates. In this endeavor, we demonstrate the effectiveness of utilizing the DQE algorithm in identifying drug-related and evolving drug terms. we conduct comprehensive case studies for the seven drug categories and showcase the most associated keywords for each drug class and their slang/street names. In addition, we provide a case study on one of the most significant opioid crisis contributors to drug overdose deaths in the United States. Our case studies revealed hard-to-find drugrelated terms which we hope to contribute to mitigating this crisis. We additionally include a new analysis to investigate the efficacy of applying PRISTINE in categorizing subreddits into fine-grained drug classes. The new analysis includes a case study that classifies anonymized and lengthy subreddit comments into their correct drug class. The analysis shows the strong performance of PRISTINE and demonstrates that the framework can be applied to a wide range of subreddit comments. We finally include the performed extensive experiments to show the effectiveness of the overall performance of the proposed framework.
Identifying large-scale terrace landscape pattern in the Loess Plateau of China: A new approach based on DEM and land use data
Authors: Shi Yu , Wei Wei
Published: April 2023

The historic significance and development value of terracing is extremely important, which is an unavoidable requirement to ensure national agricultural production and to restore the soil environment. Effective capture of spatial information from large-scale terrace areas can provide data reference and support for macro-planning, timely management and decision making in terrace construction. Overcoming the limitation that remote sensing cannot effectively expand temporal and spatial scales, in this study, we present a novel method for rapidly identifying large-scale spatial patterns of terraces over multiple time periods. Based on the decision tree (DT) model algorithm, this paper took the existing research results as the sampling data of terraces, combined digital elevation model and land use data, and excavated the rules of terrace identification. The spatial distribution of terraces in the Loess Plateau from 1990 to 2020 was then analyzed visually, based on the terrace recognition rules, and its accuracy was checked against the existing literature. Overall, the results show that terrace recognition rules based on the DT model can effectively identify cultivated and grassy terraces with AUC values greater than 0.7. Furthermore, the kappa coefficients for the cultivated and grass terraces, which were 0.92 and 0.86, were in agreement with the sampling data. Between 1990 and 2020, cultivated terrace area decreased and patch distribution remained patchy, as the area of the grassy terraces increased and the plots continued to aggregate. Once verified, the overall effect of the terrace identification results is substantial, and there is no significant departure from the relevant literature. The aim of this study is to explore an efficient identification method to capture information on the spatial distribution of terraces at a macro scale, providing a new approach to quantitative terrace research from a large-scale perspective.
Blocking the FAM19A5-LRRC4B complex enhances neurite growth and synapse assembly.(science ver.)
Authors: Seong Jae Young
Published: April 2023

Disruption in the dynamic balance of the synapse build-and-removal process is a major cause of neurological diseases, although the mechanisms underlying how the brain fine-tunes and balances this process remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that FAM19A5 binds to the postsynaptic adhesion molecule LRRC4B and suppresses interaction between LRRC4B and presynaptic PTPRF, suggesting a role of FAM19A5 in synapse assembly. Decoys with the FAM19A5 binding (FB) domain redirect FAM19A5, promoting synapse formation. The anti-FAM19A5 antibody NS101 disrupts the FAM19A5-LRRC4B complex, transferring FAM19A5 from the brain to the bloodstream, restoring synaptic integrity and improving cognitive function in Alzheimer's mouse models. Our findings suggest NS101 could be a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases requiring regeneration of neurites and formation of new synapses.
Training risk managers within Industry 4.0
Authors: Timofeeva S. S. , Timofeev S. S.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the approach to training risk managers within Industry 4.0. An analysis of the fourth stage of the industrial revolution and requirements for specialists involved in ensuring company safety at enterprises was carried out; the legislation on labor protection management was investigated. The main task is to train a risk manager able to assess and manage risks. The main educational program for training technosphere safety experts, which develops skills for assessing technogenic, natural and social risks in new conditions, is analyzed. The article shows that in order to train professionals, it is necessary to apply active learning methods and encourage research on the transition to Industry 4.0.
Success factors for peer-to-peer lending for SMEs: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Yunies Edward Mohammad , Nur Fuad Eko , Ismanto Hadi , Dorkas Rambu Atahau Apriani , Robiyanto
Published: April 2023

Sharia fintech lending grew up at the teenage stage and has successfully taken a strategic place in the Indonesian loan market. Adopting the economics of information and signaling theory, this paper investigates the probability of successful crowdfunding. Using cross-section data, this study analyzes 1,153 funded projects on Ammana.id platform, a well-known Indonesia’s sharia P2P lending. This study runs OLS regressions to examine the effect of loan information (ranking, estimated profit shares, and financing duration) on the amount of crowded funding. This finding support both theories, that the information about the loan is a signal in determining the success of project funding. Ranking and duration of financing significantly affect the success of the P2P sharia lending platform, nevertheless profit share estimation is not significant. Loans that operated in short, tend to raise more funding, and vice versa. Loan ranking can provide the lender with instant information about the borrowers’ condition. Lenders tend to avoid low rankings loans due to the potential failure of loan payments. This study also found a surprising result that the coefficient of profit sharing is positive for Islamic funding but insignificant. This result shows that material gain is not the main issue for investors, but the elements of trust and justice are nobler according to Islamic beliefs. This study proves that loan information as a low-cost signal can be used by investors to make the best decision and reduce adverse selection problems. The findings support the strategic growth of Islamic platforms to build a sustainable Islamic investment and maintain financial stability.
Acknowledgments Appreciation is given to the General Directorate of Higher Education, Research and Technology, Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, and the Institute for Research and Community Service of Universitas Islam Nahdlatul Ulama (Unisnu) Jepara, Indonesia.
Co osoby z autyzmem mówią nam o edukacji. Raport z badań 0,00 zł Brutto
Authors: Błeszyński Jacek Jarosław
Published: April 2023

W tej książce chciałem zawrzeć refleksje osób z autyzmem na temat edukacji, odpowiedzi na pytania, jak ją oceniają i jak chcieliby ją zorganizować. Zależało mi nie na przedstawieniu dysonansu pomiędzy rzeczywistością a nadziejami, ale próbowałem przede wszystkim się dowiedzieć, co powinniśmy zrobić i jakie wprowadzić zmiany w celu optymalizacji procesu edukacji. Zdaję sobie sprawę, że przedstawione opinie są subiektywne oraz mają charakter nieprecyzyjny, gdyż są oparte na własnych doświadczeniach. - autor ze Wstępu
Tarefa de casa
Authors: Dos Santos Débora Pricilla
Published: April 2023

Resumo

Este artigo busca a reflexão sobre os desafios relacionados ao dever de casa e os objetivos a ela relacionados como: a interação família-escola, como instrumento para o desenvolvimento da autonomia do aluno e/ou de reforço do que é estudado em sala, como instrumento de aprendizagem: avaliativo e auto avaliativo e suas implicações. Por meio da busca bibliográfica exploratória, sustentada em vários autores, dentre os quais o sul-africano NDEBELE (2018), brasileiros e outros sul-americanos como CARVALHO (2006), COLLI e LUNA (2019), REGUEIRO et al (2020)., RESENDE et al (2018)., RODRIGUES (1998), SUEHIRO e BORUCHOVITCH (2019), VEGA et al.(2018) e norte-americanos como ATKINSON (2020) e KIDWELL (2004) procurou-se discutir como a tarefa de casa medeia vários objetivos importantes: permite e melhora a interação entre família e escola, fornecendo ao aluno meios de se tornar mais autônomo, responsável e disciplinado. Serve ainda de meio para reforçar o que não foi apreendido em sala de aula, prestando-se a instrumento de avalição do processo ensino-aprendizagem pelos professores, pelos pais e pelo próprio aluno. Ademais apontamos outras implicações deste objeto de pesquisa relacionadas a questões afetivas, econômicas e sociais.
Entre medos e angústias
Authors: Lazcano Claudia
Published: April 2023

No artigo reflito sobre os impactos da pandemia da Covid-19 entre estudantes latino-americanos da pós-graduação na UFSC, bolsistas da Capes. O estudo parte de uma imersão etnográfica no ciberespaço. As questões discutidas provêm da análise das interações entre um grupo de 12 discentes e da realização de entrevistas online. São recuperadas também e analisadas as estratégias institucionais da UFSC diante da pandemia, e da Capes e da UFSC frente às vulnerabilidades enfrentadas por esse setor discente, sua proteção e permanência na pós-graduação. Os resultados apontam os medos e angústias vivenciados por estes estudantes entre março e agosto de 2020, e a sua inscrição nas particulares vulnerabilidades associadas à condição de “estrangeiro/a” e outros marcadores como nacionalidade, gênero, raça e classe. As análises mostram que o sofrimento psíquico, assim como a saúde mental, devem ser entendidas e abordadas como uma questão política.
A equipe interdisciplinar no contexto hospitalar
Authors: Soares dos Santos Lopes Nathália , Santos Silva Débora , Lagrange Moutinho dos Reis Valéria , Bernardo Tavares da Silva Margarete
Published: April 2023

A interdisciplinaridade tem sido um tema central na área da saúde. O desafio que ela propõe é a aplicabilidade do saber interdisciplinar nas práticas de saúde. O presente artigo discute a interdisciplinaridade no contexto da saúde e tem como objetivo analisar, a partir de uma revisão narrativa, o trabalho interdisciplinar de equipes de saúde no contexto hospitalar. Os resultados evidenciaram dificuldades para que o trabalho em equipe se efetive, uma vez que a dinâmica das práticas de saúde no hospital atualmente ainda privilegia a especialização e o saber uni profissional. A reformulação da formação nas instituições de ensino é uma aposta promissora para a construção do trabalho em equipe sustentado pela perspectiva interdisciplinar.
Análise da atuação profissional de egressos da Pós-Graduação em Odontologia na área de Saúde Coletiva
Authors: Adas Saliba Moimaz Suzely , Saliba Orlando , Adas Saliba Garbin Cléa , Adas Saliba Tânia , Yamamoto Chiba Fernando , Adas Saliba Nemre Adas Saliba
Published: April 2023

Objetivou-se analisar as atividades profissionais de egressos do Programa de Pós-Graduação Saúde Coletiva em Odontologia da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus de Araçatuba. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, na qual avaliou-se, por meio de consulta aos dados disponibilizados na Plataforma Lattes, informações curriculares de 99 egressos. As variáveis investigadas foram: sexo, localidade de vínculo empregatício, atuação em instituições de ensino e no serviço público de saúde, ocupação de cargos de coordenadoria e chefia, e produção científica. Verificou-se que a maioria dos egressos é do sexo feminino (n=60; 60,61%); atua na Região Sudeste (n=62; 62,63%); está inserida no meio acadêmico, exercendo atividade docente em Instituições de Ensino Superior (n=73; 73,74%), enquanto 31 (31,31%) egressos atuam no serviço público de saúde, ocupando cargos em coordenadorias de saúde, rede de assistência à saúde, secretarias municipais e estaduais de saúde, assim como no Ministério da Saúde. Uma parcela considerável dos egressos (40,40%) produziu ao menos 6 artigos científicos publicados durante o curso de Pós-Graduação. O monitoramento das atividades profissionais dos egressos demonstrou a valorização de sua formação na Pós-Graduação, por meio da inserção no mercado de trabalho em Instituições de Ensino Superior e no serviço público de saúde em todas as regiões do país.
The Green Walnut Husks Induces Apoptosis of Colorectal Cancer through Regulating
NLRC3/PI3K Pathway
Authors: Chen Chao , An Na , Pang Defeng , Cheng Yuanyuan , Chen Yingjie , Feng Xuefei , Lei Haoqi , He Wenqian , Yang Baofeng , Zhang Yan , Zhao Xin
Published: April 2023

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common type of gastrointestinal tumor, but the
available pharmacological treatment is insufficient. As a traditional Chinese medicine, the green walnut husks
(QLY) exhibit anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-bacterial and anti-tumor effects. However, the effects and
molecular mechanisms of QLY extracts on CRC were not yet made known.

Objective:

This study aims to provide efficient and low toxicity drugs for the treatment of CRC. The purpose of
this study is to explore the anti-CRC effect and mechanism of QLY, providing preliminary data support for clinical
research of QLY.

Methods:

Western blotting, Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, Transwell, MTT, Cell proliferation assay,
and xenograft model were used to perform the research.

Results:

In this study, the potential of QLY to inhibit the proliferation, migration invasion and induce apoptosis
of the mouse colorectal cancer cell line CT26 in vitro was identified. The xenograft tumor model of CRC noted
that QLY suppressed tumor growth without sacrificing body weight in mice. In addition, QLY-induced apoptosis
in tumor cells through NLRC3/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was revealed.

Conclusions:

QLY regulates the levels of mTOR, Bcl-2 and Bax by affecting the NLRC3/PI3K/AKT pathway
to promote apoptosis of tumor cells, suppressing cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and subsequently
preventing the progression of colon cancer.
Technological Advancement in ω-3 Fatty Acids: Their Therapeutic Functions
and Novel Delivery Strategies
Authors: Victor Francis , Rehman Kanwal , Akash Muhammad Sajid Hamid , Rasheed Sumbal , Imran Muhammad , Assiri Mohammed Ali
Published: April 2023

Being an important dietary component, omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids are essential polyunsaturated fatty
acids, which play a crucial role in the normal growth and development of an individual. ω-3 fatty acids have
been reported to possess therapeutic activities against several diseases, including cardiovascular, neurological,
cancer, etc. Due to the unsaturation, ω-3 fatty acids are highly reactive and prone to oxidation, which is the
biggest hurdle in their administration, as oxidation produces a foul smell and reduces their therapeutic efficacy.
Although numerous supplementation strategies have been developed to enhance the bioavailability, targeted
drug delivery, and therapeutic potential, the rate of compliance is low due to difficulty in swallowing and unpleasant
aftertaste. To cope with these problems, several novel drug delivery approaches have been developed,
which may be used as an alternative to enhance the effectiveness of ω-3 fatty acids when administered alone or
in combination therapy. This review focuses on how novel drug delivery approaches can be used to overcome
the ω-3 fatty acids stability issues and how to maximize its therapeutic activity.
Coumarin as a Privileged and Medicinally Important Scaffold in the
Treatment of Tuberculosis
Authors: Gupta Vaibhav , Ambatwar Ramesh , Bhanwala Neeru , Khatik Gopal L.
Published: April 2023

Coumarin and its derivatives, which are abundant in nature, have a significant role in medicinal chemistry due to their ability to bind with different targets or receptors. In addition, these possess a wide range of biological activity. Thus coumarin-based scaffold has inspired even further research into coumarin and its substituted derivatives, allowing for the creation of a huge variety of structurally different substituted products. In recent, these were reported to have potent antitubercu-lar activity. Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious deadly infectious bacterial disease caused by gram-positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This review discusses various developments going on in the field of medicinal chemistry towards designing, synthesizing, and discovering coumarin-based an-titubercular agents all across the globe.
Recent Advances in the Multistep Continuous Preparation of APIs and Fine Chemicals
Authors: de Castro Pedro P. , Batista Gabriel M.F. , Amarante Giovanni W. , Brocksom Timothy J. , de Oliveira Kleber T.
Published: April 2023

Over the last two decades, with the advent of continuous flow technologies, continuous processes have emerged as a major area in organic synthesis. In this context, continuous flow proce-sses have been increasing in the preparation of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and fine chemicals, such as complex synthetic intermediates, agrochemicals, and fragrances. Thus, the deve-lopment of multi-step protocols has attracted special interest from the academic and industrial che-mistry communities. In addition to the beneficial aspects intrinsically associated with continuous processes (e.g., waste reduction, optimal heat transfer, improved safety, and the possibility to work under harsh reaction conditions and with more dangerous reagents), these protocols also allow a ra-pid increase in molecular complexity. Moreover, in telescoped multi-step processes, isolation and purification steps are generally avoided or, if necessary, carried out in-line, presenting an important economy of time, solvents, reagents, and labor. Last, important synthetic strategies such as photo-chemical and electrochemical reactions are compatible with flow processes and are delivering rele-vant advances to the synthetic approaches. In this review, a general overview of the fundamentals of continuous flow processes is presented. Recent examples of multi-step continuous processes for the preparation of fine chemicals, including telescoped and end-to-end processes, are discussed, poin-ting out the possible advantages and/or limitations of each of these methodologies.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis
Combined with Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients Residing in
the Northeast Sichuan Province of China
Authors: Li Tao , Tang Zi-Yi , Zhang Quan-Bo , Xiao Fan-Ni , Jian Gui-Lin , Xie Yan , Guo Jian-Wei , Qing Yu-Feng
Published: April 2023

Background::

Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are non-suppurative and autoimmune inflammatory diseases of striated muscle. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a group of heterogeneous diseases that mainly involve the pulmonary interstitium, alveoli, and/or bronchioles, also known as diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD). A significant cause of death in persons with polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) is concurrent interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, research on the clinical characteristics and associated influencing factors of PM/DM combined with ILD (PM/DM-ILD) is currently scarce in China.

Objective::

The study aimed to probe the clinical features and risk factors of PM/DM-ILD.

Methods::

The data of 130 patients with PM/DM were gathered. General medical status, clinical symptoms, laboratory parameters, high-resolution CT, therapeutic outcomes, and prognoses were retrospectively reviewed in patients with PM/DM with (ILD group) and without (NILD) ILD.

Results::

The age of the ILD group (n=65) was more than the NILD group (n=65), and the differ-ence was statistically significant; there were no significant between-group variations in the PM/DM ratio, sex, or duration of the disease. The initial symptoms were arthritis and respiratory symptoms in the ILD group, and myasthenia symptoms in the NILD group. Incidences of Raynaud’s phenom-enon, dry cough, expectoration, dyspnea on exertion, arthritis, fever, total globulin (GLOB), eryth-rocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and anti-Jo-1 antibody rate were higher for ILD; however, albumin (ALB), creatine kinase aspartate aminotransferase activity ratio (CK/AST) and CK levels were sig-nificantly lower in the ILD group. Bivariate logistic regression analysis showed age, dry cough, ar-thritis, dyspnea on exertion, anti-Jo-1 antibody, and elevated GLOB to be independent risk factors for ILD among patients with PM/DM.

Conclusion::

Advanced age, dry cough, arthritis, dyspnea on exertion, anti-Jo-1 antibody positivity, and elevated GLOB level are risk factors for PM/DM-ILD. This information could be utilized to carefully monitor changing lung function in these patients.
Effect of Vitamin D on Retinoblastoma Protein in Prediabetic Individuals
Authors: Hardatt Dakshita , Devi Manju , Vyas Sonal , Singh Gurvinder , Jain Jyoti , Gupta Sumeet , Dhanawat Meenakshi
Published: April 2023

About 50.8 million people were diagnosed with diabetes in 2011; the count has increased
by 10 million in the last five years. Type-1 diabetes could occur at any age, but predominantly
in children and young adults. The risk of developing type II diabetes mellitus in the offspring
of parents with DM II is 40% if one parent has DM II and approaches 70% if both parents
have DM II. The process of developing diabetes from normal glucose tolerance is continuous, with
insulin resistance being the first stage. As prediabetes progresses slowly to DM II, it may take approximately
15-20 years for an individual to become diabetic. This progression can be prevented or
delayed by taking some precautions and making some lifestyle amendments, e.g., reducing weight
by 5-7% of total body weight if obese, etc. Retinoblastoma protein is one of the pocket proteins
that act as crucial gatekeepers during the G1/S transition in the cell cycle. A loss or defect in single-
cell cycle activators (especially CDK4 and CDK6) leads to cell failure. In diabetic or stress
conditions, p53 becomes a transcription factor, resulting in the transactivation of CKIs, which leads
to cell cycle arrest, cell senescence, or cell apoptosis. Vitamin D affects insulin sensitivity by increasing
insulin receptors or the sensitivity of insulin receptors to insulin. It also affects peroxisome
proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) and extracellular calcium. These influence both insulin
resistance and secretion mechanisms, undertaking the pathogenesis of type II diabetes. The
study confines a marked decrement in the levels of random and fasting blood glucose levels upon
regular vitamin D intake, along with a significant elevation of retinoblastoma protein levels in the
circulatory system. The most critical risk factor for the occurrence of the condition came out to be
family history, showing that patients with first-degree relatives with diabetes are more susceptible.
Factors such as physical inactivity or comorbid conditions further aggravate the risk of developing
the disease. The increase in pRB levels caused by vitamin D therapy in prediabetic patients directly
influences blood glucose levels. pRB is supposed to play a role in maintaining blood sugar levels.
The results of this study could be used for further studies to evaluate the role of vitamin D and pRB
in regeneration therapy for beta cells in prediabetics.
Incorporating Antimicrobial Activity During Synthesis of New Acid-Azo
Dyes: Thermal Stability and Application on Various Fabrics
Authors: Sarwar Ambreen , Jabbar Abdul , Riaz Saadia , Parveen Samina , Sagheer Shafia , Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal
Published: April 2023

Background::

Textile materials are susceptible to microbial attack as they provide suitable conditions for their growth. The microbes grow with normal body secretions on garments. These microbes are responsible for the weakening, brittleness, and discoloration of the substrate. Furthermore, they cause many health issues to the wearer, including dermal infection, bad odour etc. They threaten the human health as well as create tenderness in fabric.

Objectives::

Usually, antimicrobial textiles are prepared by applying antimicrobial finishes after dyeing, which is an expensive approach. Concerning these adversities, in the present study, a series of antimicrobial acid-azo dyes have been synthesized by incorporating antimicrobial sulphonamide moiety into the dye molecules during its synthesis.

Methods::

A commercially available sulphonamide-based compound, sulfadimidine Na-salt was used as a diazonium component and coupled with different aromatic amines to get desired dye molecules. Since dyeing and finishing are two separate energy-intensive processes, in the current research work, an approach to combine both processes in one step has been adopted that would be economical, time-saving, and environment friendly. Structures of the resultant dye molecules have been confirmed using different spectral techniques such as Mass spectrometry, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR, and UV-Visible spectroscopy.

Results::

Thermal stability of the synthesized dyes was also determined. These dyes have been applied to wool and nylon-6 fabrics. Their various fastness properties were examined using ISO standard methods.

Conclusion::

All the compounds exhibited good to excellent fastness properties. The synthesized dyes and the dyed fabrics were screened biologically against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, resulting in significant antibacterial activities.
Identification of Essential Genes and Drug Discovery in Bladder Cancer
and Inflammatory Bowel Disease via Text Mining and Bioinformatics
Analysis
Authors: Zheng Qingyuan , Guo Liantao , Yang Rui , Chen Zhiyuan , Liu Xiuheng
Published: April 2023

Background:

Bladder cancer (BCa) is the most common malignancy of the urinary
system. Inflammation is critical in the occurrence and development of BCa. The purpose of this
study was to identify key genes and pathways of inflammatory bowel disease in BCa through text
mining technology and bioinformatics technology and to explore potential therapeutic drugs for
BCa.

Methods:

Genes associated with BCa and Crohn's disease (CD) were detected using the text mining
tool GenClip3, and analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of
Genes and Genomes (KEGG). A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by
STRING and visualized in Cytoscape, and modular analysis was performed using the Molecular
Complex Detection plugin (MCODE). Finally, the genes clustered in the first two modules were
selected as core genes, and the drug-gene interaction database was used to discover potential therapeutic
drugs.

Results:

We identified 796 genes shared by "Bladder cancer" and "Crohn's disease" by text mining.
Gene function enrichment analysis yielded 18 enriched GO terms and the 6 most relevant
KEGG pathways. A PPI network with 758 nodes and 4014 edges was constructed, and 20 gene
modules were obtained using MCODE. We selected the top two gene clusters as core candidate
genes. We found that 3 out of 55 selected core genes could be targeted by 26 existing drugs.

Conclusions:

The results indicated that CXCL12, FGF2 and FSCN1 are potential key genes involved
in CD with BCa. Additionally, 26 drugs were identified as potential therapeutics for BCa
treatment and management.
A Complete Sojourn of Current Trends in Gastro-retentive Drug Delivery System: Recent Advances and Patent Survey
Authors: Dey Abhisek , Singh Amrinder , Kurmi Balak Das , Singh Dilpreet
Published: April 2023

The current work aims to provide a complete sojourn on gastro-retentive drug delivery system (GRDDS) along with formulation methods, polymer selection, and in vitro/ in vivo challenges with finished dosage forms. Ideally, a biopharmaceutical-hindered drug has a rapid clearance and erratic bioavailability due to its low aqueous solubility and permeability. Additionally, it also suffers from high first-pass metabolism and pre-systemic gut wall clearance. Gastro-retentive drug delivery systems have become an emerging technology where newer methodologies and scientific approaches have been used to provide the controlled release of drugs and provide a protective mechanism in the stomach. By the virtue of utilizing GRDDS as a dosage form, these formulations increase Gastroretention time (GRT) which prolongs the controlled release of the drug in the dosage form. GRDDS contribute to increased drug bioavailability and targeting at a site of action, which enhances therapeutic action and offers significant patient compliance. Furthermore, the present work also highlighted the critical role of polymers in favoring drug retention across GIT with the mechanism of gastro-retention and recommended concentration ranges. The emerging technology is also highlighted by the approved drug products and patented formulations in the recent decade which is depicted in a justified manner. GRDDS formulations have demonstrated clinical efficacy, which is supported by a compilation of patents for cutting-edge innovations in dosage forms that can be held in the stomach for an extended period of time.
Investigation of Cholecystokinin-Beta receptor, IL-27, IL-27 gene SNP and some biochemical parameters in patients with Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mahdi AL-Musawi Nisreen Riyadh , Al-Gazally Moead E. , AL-Saffar Yasameen R.
Published: April 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a central public health problem impacting more than 400 million humhttp://wsx5customurl.comans worldwide. This metabolic disorder progressively drives chronic microvascular, macrovascular and neuropathic life-threatening problems. DM is happened because of a decrease in insulin secretion, harm to pancreatic β cells or insulin resistance connected to the nonuse of insulin. Type – I DM The immune system, by mistake, will attack the β cells of the pancreas, where genes play a vital role. The work was designed to determine the levels of anthropometric variables (age and BMI), immunological parameters (IL-27, IL-27 gene SNP), CCKBR and other biochemical parameters (HbA1C, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, VLDL, urea and creatinine) in sera of T1DM patients. The study contains 180 subjects who are split into two groups; the two groups are the healthy control group and the T1DM patients' group. The result recorded in this research showed a non-significant (p>0.05) difference between the control and patients in age, BMI, CCKBR, TRI, HDL, LDL, and VLDL. A very high significant elevation (P<0.001) has been observed in the level of IL-27, HbA1C, urea and creatinine; there is a highly significant increase (p<0.05) in cholesterol, the gene SNP study shows a significant association of IL27 rs153109 with T1DM was observed under the allele model (OR=2.124, 95% CI (1.349–3.345), P=0.00105), and genotype model in the dominant model (OR=1.00, 95% CI, P=0.0016), recessive model (OR=0.35, 95% CI ( 0.12–1.02), P=0.043) and homozygous model (OR=1.00, 95%, P=0.0037). The study it is cleared that T1DM affects the SNP gene used as a promoter to the excretion of IL-27 and increases its excretion. Lipid profile shows an effect on the level of glucose in the blood, and a high level of cholesterol may cause a severe problem if it is combined with T1DM. The elevated glucose level happens because T1DM affects the renal and causes extreme conditions like renal failure and other renal dysfunction diseases.

Keywords: T1DM, CCKBR, genetic disease, IL-27, IL-27.
The leptin gene's polymorphism and how it relates to the Awassi sheep's physical characteristics
Authors: Hsooni Al-Burkat Hadi Awad , Jabbar Al-Khafaji Hussam Mohsen , Al-Gharawi Jassim Kassim
Published: April 2023

The study was conducted at the sheep and goat research station, at Al-Shatrah District, Thi-Qar Agriculture Directorate, Thi-Qar Governorate, from 1/11/2021 to 30/6/2022 for one production season. A total of 100 animals were used, consisting of 50 parents and 50 lambs, males and females; the ages of the ewes ranged from 3 to 5 years old. The sheep data used in the experiment were collected from the station records. The genetic part was also completed in the Marshes Research Laboratory at the University of Thi-Qar. The study aimed at the genetic polymorphism of the leptin gene and its relationship to the body dimensions of the Awassi sheep. The nitrogenous base sequence analysis of the leptin gene indicated a size of 260 base pairs, with a change in location 119 in the studied area. The homozygous CC genotype was more significant than the number of animals; the frequency of the C and T alleles was 0.65 and 0.35, respectively. There was no significant effect between the three genetic polymorphisms resulting from the mutation at site 119 of the studied plot on the body dimensions of the newborns as well as at weaning.

Keywords: Polymorphism, leptin gene, body dimensions, Awassi sheep.