bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Curcumin as an add-on therapy for multiple sclerosis in patients receiving interferon-beta therapy
Authors: Kukushkina A. D. , Rogovskii V. S. , Ponevezhskaya E. V. , Lysogorskaia E. V. , Boyko A. N.
Published: August 2024

Search for agents for the add-on therapy of multiple sclerosis (MS) that can enhance the effect of first-line MS disease-modifying therapy (DMTs) is a very current issue. Such a boost is needed to reduce the need to switch to second-line DMTs, whose pathogenetic therapy leads to severe side effects in many cases. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol, has immunoregulatory properties and a favorable safety profile. At the same time, micellar forms of curcumin can increase its bioavailability.

Objective: to investigate the effect of the micellar form of curcumin on clinical parameters in MS patients receiving first-line DMTs.

Material and methods. MS patients (n=40) receiving interferon-β (IFNβ) therapy who showed a suboptimal response were randomly divided into two groups, one group received additional therapy (dietary enrichment for 6 months) with curcumin in micellar form, the second group did not receive dietary curcumin. At the beginning and end of the study, the disease activity (clinical and radiological), the degree of disability on the EDSS scale, the severity of chronic fatigue on the MFIS scale, the quality of life on the SF-36 scale and the level of cytokines (interleukin 6 and IFNγ) in the blood plasma were determined. Adverse events were also recorded during the observation period and the safety of the therapy was assessed based on the results of general and biochemical blood tests.

Results. In the group of patients whose diet was enriched with curcumin, quality of life indicators improved both in the physical component (from 50.2±6.4 to 52.5±6.8; p=0.03) and in the psychological component (from 42.9±15.9 to 45.6±15.5; p=0.02). In the group receiving curcumin, the proportion of patients with exacerbations over 6 months also decreased – from 45 to 9 % (p=0.01). After 6 months of dietary enrichment, lower plasma levels of IFNγ were observed in patients receiving curcumin than in the group without dietary enrichment. No adverse events were noted during the observation period.

Conclusion. The preliminary results allow us to consider micellar forms of curcumin, which have an acceptable tolerability and safety profile, as a potential additional method to increase the efficacy of first-line DMTs in MS patients with suboptimal response to IFNβ.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders in children
Authors: Akhmetgaleeva N. F. , Simaniv T. O. , Yausheva E. M. , Saitova Yа. A. , Lyutov O. V. , Kutlubaev M. A. , Bakhtiyarova K. Z.
Published: August 2024

In recent decades, the prevalence of demyelinating diseases in paediatric patients has increased rapidly. In this context, there is an increasing need for the study of this pathology in children to enable timely diagnosis and early prescription of highly effective pathogenetic treatment. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a group of severe demyelinating disorders that are united by a single pathogenetic mechanism and primarily affection of the optic nerves and spinal cord. The review presents the main clinical and epidemiological features of NMOSD in the paediatric population. The issues of pathogenesis, which is based on the formation of antibodies against aquaporin-4, and possible therapeutic targets are discussed in detail. The diagnostic criteria and the underlying clinical manifestations as well as their characteristics in childhood are analysed. We present a differential diagnostic framework of the most common diseases, which have to be distinguished from NMOSD in children. Particular attention is paid to the pathogenetic treatment of exacerbations and targeted therapy to prevent exacerbations, which has relatively recently proven its efficacy and been approved for use in paediatric patients.
Impact of exogenous ascorbic acid and putrescine on vegetative, root system morphology and chemical composition of clementine Mandarin saplings
Authors: Taghreed Ali Hilal , Thamer H. R. Al-Falahy
Published: August 2024

Spraying with antioxidants and polyamines is one of the techniques that contribute to improving vegetative growth and the architectural structure of the roots, in addition to improving the chemical content of the plant. The objective of the study was to enhance the traits related to vegetative growth, root development, and chemical composition of one-year-old Clementine mandarin saplings. This was achieved by applying ascorbic acid through foliar application at different concentrations (0,300, 600, 900 mg/L) and utilizing three concentrations of putrescine (0,75,150 mg/L). The results showed that most of the growth indicators in terms of main shoot number, main shoot length, vegetative dry weight, taproot length, secondary lateral roots number, secondary lateral roots length, roots system dry weight, chlorophyll, and vitamin C content in leaf, and shoots carbohydrate content were significantly increased with increasing concentration. The ascorbic acid is more effective at 900 mg/L than other concentrations, whereas putrescine was more effective at 150 mg/L, contrasted with 75 mg/L and control.
Development of AMBER-compliant transferable force field parameters for polytetrafluoroethylene
Authors: Kaya Orhan , Oztekin Alparslan , Webb Edmund B.
Published: August 2024

New transferable parameters for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) compatible with the Assisted Model Building with Energy Refinement (AMBER) force field were developed by including many conformational states to improve accuracy. The Austin–Frisch–Petersson functional with dispersion hybrid density functional theory, advantageous for treating dispersion, was used to obtain quantum mechanical reference data. The restrained electrostatic potential method was used to compute the partial charges. The bonds, angles, and dihedral parameters were obtained via Paramfit software fitted to quantum mechanical data. The optimization of van der Waals parameters was obtained in the condensed phase through molecular dynamics simulations and the simplex method. These parameters were transferred to various molecular weights of PTFE assembly systems to calculate the density, radial distribution functions, power spectrum, and specific heat capacity. The highest percent error in density was 1.4% for the modeled PTFE ensembles. The calculated vibrational spectrum peaks closely matched experimental peaks with a maximum wavenumber deviation of 19 cm⁻¹. The highest percent error to specific heat capacity was 5%. These results represent a significant improvement over pre-existing potentials in the literature and provide parameters that can be used to model PTFE in many existing simulation codes.
Regional Industrial Effects in Germany from a Potential Gas Deficit
Authors: Lehmann Robert , Schult Christoph
Published: August 2024

We estimate potential regional industrial effects in case of a threatening gas deficit. For Germany, the reduction leads to a potential decrease in industrial value added by 1.6 %. The heterogeneity across German states is remarkable, ranging from 2.2 % for Rhineland-Palatinate to 0.7 % for Hamburg. We emphasize the need for regional input-output tables to conduct economic analysis on a sub-national level, particularly when regional industrial structures are heterogeneous. The approximation with national figures can lead to results that differ both in magnitude and relative regional exposure. Our findings highlight that more accurate policy guidance can be achieved by improving the regional database.
The Revised Product Liability Directive: A Law and Economics Analysis
Authors: Li Shu , Faure Michael
Published: August 2024

On 12 March 2024, the European Parliament adopted the text for revising the current Product Liability Directive (revised PLD), which was implemented in 1985. The revised PLD adapted the rules for the damage caused by defective products for the challenges from digitalisation, the circular economy and international supply chains. In particular, the new rules aim to ensure that new technologies, such as AI, could be well reflected, so that residents in the European Union could be effectively protected. Conventionally, a law and economics analysis has played a crucial role in shaping product liability. The objective of this paper is to discuss the major changes in the revised PLD via the lens of insights of law and economics. In specific, we focus on the influence of these changes on multiple key elements, including deterrence effect, risk-shifting and local preferences.
Analytical and numerical studies of a cancer invasion model with nonlocal diffusion
Authors: Manimaran Jeyaraj , Baskar Annamalai , Parthiban Venugopal , Shangerganesh Lingeshwaran
Published: August 2024

This article investigates the implicit Euler–Galerkin finite element method applied to a cancer invasion model with nonlocal diffusion. This model describes the normal cell density, tumor cell density, excess H
+ ion concentration, extracellular matrix, and extracellular matrix active metalloproteinases. The primary goal of this work is to utilize numerical solutions to comprehend cancer invasion and transmission within the patient. The Faedo–Galerkin approximation method is initially used to establish the existence of a weak solution, followed by deriving the a priori error estimates of optimal order. Additionally, the implicit Euler–Galerkin finite element method is employed as a numerical tool for solving the given cancer invasion parabolic system. Furthermore, a priori error bounds and convergence estimates for the fully discrete problem are derived. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to validate the theoretical conclusions and enhance the understanding of how cancer spreads within the patient.
Effect of pre-hydrolysis on the dissolution of hardwood pulp in double salt ionic liquid
Authors: Rahman M. Mahbubur , Susan Md. Abu Bin Hasan , Islam Md. Mominul , Jahan M. Sarwar
Published: August 2024

Ionic liquids (ILs) are potentially alternative solvents for cellulose dissolution. In this article, effect of hemicellulose in cellulose dissolution in ILs and the regeneration process were investigated. Hardwood pulps were produced by kraft (KP) and pre-hydrolysis kraft (PHKP) processes. The α-cellulose and residual pentosan contents were 95.6 % and 4.2 % in PHKP and 84.3 % and 9.9 % in KP, respectively. Both pulps were dissolved in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [C4mim]Cl, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [C4mim]CH3CO2 and their double salt (DSIL), [C4mim](CH3CO2)0.6Cl0.4 at 90 °C. It was observed that PHKP had slightly higher solubility in both ILs and DSIL. The dissolved pulps were regenerated by water and characterized by FTIR, TGA, X-ray diffraction, and viscosity. Regenerated pulp film formed smooth and homogenous surface. The viscosity of regenerated PHKP was higher than the original PHKP, which affected the strength of the produced cellulose film. As observed in FTIR, the regenerated cellulose showed a stronger absorption band at 1,647 cm−1 corresponding to the C–O stretching vibration of C–O–H. The crystalline structures of regenerated KP and PHKP from [C4mim](CH3CO2)0.6Cl0.4 changed to cellulose II form from the original cellulose I form.
The collaboratively selective uranyl adsorption of marine fungal modification biosorbent linked by the open-chain polyether terminal with amidoxime
Authors: Ye Qiaorong , Zeng Chensi , Gong Yanfang , Qi Chenxi , Zeng Xianghua , Tan Ni
Published: August 2024

To further improve the uranyl adsorption capacity and the selectivity adsorption ability of marine fungus ZZF51 from Zhanjiang sea area in China, its two new modification biosorbents (ZTBA/ZTDA) linked by the open-chain polyether terminal with two/one amidoxime unit(s) on mycelium were designed according to the synthesis process of etherification, sulfonylation, substitution, and amidoximation. By the reasonable characterization of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was confirmed that the above target materials were successfully prepared. The relevant experiments showed that both of ZTBA and ZTDA had not only the excellent uranium (VI) adsorption performance with the maximum adsorption capacity of 525.7 mg g−1 and 465.7 mg g−1, respectively, but also the better uranyl adsorption selectivity when in the simulated wastewater containing the various ions of UO2
2+, Th4+, Ba2+, Pb2+, Fe3+, Cu2+, and Ca2+. In addition, the selectivity analysis explored the longer polyether in the middle bridge and the more number of terminal amidoxime unit could synergistically improve their uranyl adsorption capacity and selectivity performance. Surely, the adsorption isotherm/kinetics models, the Gibbs free energy analysis, and the favourable reusability of the target materials were also discussed in this study in detail.
Nourishment beyond grains: unveiling the multifaceted contributions of millets to United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Kumar Akash , Pramanik Jhilam , Jangra Aarzoo , Prajapati Bhupendra , Kumar Shiv , Mehra Rahul
Published: August 2024

United Nations General Assembly declared that 2023 will be celebrated as the International Year of Millets. Millets are a group of coarse grains from the Poaceae family that offer numerous benefits that align with various United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs). This review explores diverse contributions of millet cultivation, consumption, and value addition with UN SDGs. The millets help in combating hunger by providing economical sources of essential nutrients and diversifying diets, improving health through mitigating malnutrition and diet-related diseases. Millet’s lower water demand and resilience to climatic stress help in sustainable water management. Millets reduce the risks associated with monoculture farming and promote sustainable agricultural practices. Similarly, millet plants need few chemical fertilizers, and the ecological damage associated with these plants is minimized. Millets can prevent soil degradation and conserve biodiversity. They can adapt to diverse cropping systems and support sustainable land practices. Millet cultivation reduces inequalities by empowering smallholder farmers and maintaining economic balance. The cultivation and trading of millets promote partnerships among governments, NGOs, and businesses for sustainable development. The ability of millet to contribute to poverty reduction, hunger alleviation, health improvement, environmental sustainability, and economic development makes millet a sustainable choice for a better world.
Crafting Public Opinion
Authors: Lin Kuan-Chia
Published: August 2024

In the context of a diverse media landscape grappling with an increasingly stringent political climate, this study asks whether the Chinese government’s media-control policies shape public opinion. Drawing on online survey data collected between 2014 and 2018 and using regression models and inverse probability weighting, I find that in 2017, as Xi Jinping began his second term as general secretary, there was a noticeable conservative shift in the political attitudes of the Chinese public. While foreign media might have reduced support for the Chinese Communist Party’s stance and ideology among those with less exposure to the party-state media, state propaganda did shift public attitudes, offsetting the impact of foreign media. These findings underscore the Party’s effectiveness in using media censorship and propaganda to consolidate its legitimacy in the ideological sphere.
Afro-Indigenous harvests: Cultivating participatory agroecologies in Guerrero, Mexico
Authors: Moreno-Tabarez Ulises , Cabrera-Tena Uriel Winston , López-Ojeda María Concepción
Published: August 2024

This study embarks on an in-depth examination of “Afro-Indigenous communities” in the state of Guerrero, Mexico, scrutinizing the intricate relationships between the hacienda system’s historical legacies and local agroecological practices. Employing a blend of historical–geographical analysis, ethnography, and participatory methods, we expose how ethnoracial identities, particularly Afro-Indigenous, are intrinsically intertwined with agricultural practices, power relations, and social dynamics. Our methodology embraces mixed styles and voices to convey the diversity of experiences, while remaining anchored in thematic sections: the historical hacienda system and contemporary local structures; ethnoracial identities and their interplay with agricultural practices; power dynamics, leadership, and gender roles; and adaptability in the face of external challenges. Through vivid narratives and case studies, we delineate the enduring echoes of the hacienda system within present-day sociocultural structures and agricultural practices. Moreover, we critically examine how historical foundations shape power hierarchies, leadership, gender roles, and land stewardship, and the subsequent impact these elements have on the adoption of agroecological practices within Afro-Indigenous groups in their respective localities. The article concludes by emphasizing the imperative of a nuanced, context-sensitive, and adaptable approach, one which honors and engages the rich Afro-Indigenous heritage while acknowledging the multifaceted historical and contemporary local dynamics for cultivating sustainable agricultural transformation.
Studi Pesantren dan Filologi: Kontribusi untuk Studi Islam Indonesia Kontemporer
Authors: Mahrus Mahrus
Published: August 2024

Dalam khazanah studi Islam Indonesia, sedari dulu telahmuncul kajian filologi terhadap naskah-naskah di pesantren. Naskahpesantren tentu saja bagian tak terpisahkan dari khazanah studi IslamIndonesia. Studi tentang pesantren dalam 20 (dua puluh) tahun terakhirnampaknya masih belum menggunakan khazanah tersebut denganpendekatan filologi. Padahal studi pesantren telah diminati tidak hanyaoleh kalangan orientalis, Islamolog-Indonesianis, tapi juga kalangan santriyang menjadi intelektual.Melalui keberadaan naskah kuna di pesantren,dapat pula diungkap geneologi keilmuan ulama di pesantren tersebut.Karena itu tidak mengherankan apabila naskah pesantren dapat menjadianak panah peradaban Islam Nusantara.Dalam batas tertentu, relasipesantren dan kerajaan Islam Nusantara ibarat koin mata uang.
Bagimu Dīnmu Bagiku Dīnku: Jejak-jejak Falsafah dan Sosial-Budaya Ayat al-Kāfirūn [109]: 6
Authors: Tahqiq Nanang
Published: August 2024

At least three approaches deserve significant attention. First, by tracing the teachings of Islam from its founder, Prophet Muhammad. Second, paying attention to historical Islam, towards the civilizations built by Muslim communities in various parts of the world, in the context of history after the Prophet. And third, by claiming that “Prophetic Islam” and “historical Islam” are not appealing, focusing on whatever actions Muslims are currently taking here. Contemporaneity, therefore, is more dominant and considered more attractive in this latter approach. However, this article seeks to leave behind the complexities brought about by these paradigmatic debates. This article emerges with the intention of addressing the ongoing issues faced by the Indonesian Muslim community, to then be discussed and solutions sought within the broader framework of “religious freedom.” Thus, this article avoids being faithful to any one of the three paradigms mentioned, but rather uses all three as references and foundations for our research.
Sumbangan Fundamentalisme pada Tindak Terorisme
Authors: Widjajanti Rosmaria Syafariyah
Published: August 2024

One form of the prevalent social phenomenon in recent times is fundamentalism. This article explores another form of fundamentalism that gives rise to radicalism, and even terrorism, which has been commonly associated with religion, hence termed religious fundamentalism. In Islam, fundamentalism is not purely a religious phenomenon but more of a social phenomenon taking on religious dimensions. Fundamentalism refers to religious movements that act radically to achieve their goals, claiming the authenticity of religious teachings. Accusing fundamentalists as the instigators of violence is unfair if we only blame religious fundamentalism; modernity also plays a role in the violence in the world. Both religious fundamentalism and modernity contribute to nurturing acts of violence. The main cause that spawns fundamentalism is social change.
AS NOVAS FISIONOMIAS DO ROMANCE HISTÓRICO
Authors: CHARBEL FELIPE
Published: August 2024

"O romance histórico realista, particularmente o “romance histórico clássico”1 do século XIX, teve como um dos seus traços inconfundíveis a mescla entre referencialidade e não referencialidade na composição da narrativa. Textos referenciais, na definição de Philippe Lejeune (2014 43), são os que “se propõem a fornecer informações a respeito de uma ‘realidade’ externa ao texto e a se submeter, portanto, a uma prova de verificação”. Por serem “verificáveis e incompletos” (Cohn, 1999: 16), eles nunca se fecham em si mesmos: é sempre possível contestar a veracidade do que é relatado, rebater posições, sugerir novos ângulos de abordagem, o que não acontece em textos não referenciais, por definição “inverificáveis e completos”. Não se trata, evidentemente, de sugerir que"
AS IDEIAS, OS CONCEITOS E O PENSAMENTO POLÍTICO-SOCIAL BRASILEIRO: UM DIÁLOGO COM MARCELO JASMIN
Authors: CHALOUB JORGE
Published: August 2024

O campo do pensamento político-social brasileiro está diretamente relacionado à institucionalização das ciências sociais no Brasil.1 Seu processo de construção passa pelas disputas, particularmente intensas entre os anos 1950 e 1970, sobre os limites e a identidade da pesquisa na universidade, que envolveram e estimularam reflexões sobre o estatuto e as formas de lidar com clássicos da área.
Infância, cuidado e emoções desde o Sul Global
Authors: Siqueira de Lara Juliana , Rabello de Castro Lucia
Published: August 2024

A partir de uma pesquisa com crianças de classe popular da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, buscou-se discutir a relação entre infância, cuidado e emoções. Neste trabalho investigamos o fenômeno das crianças que cuidam de outras crianças, uma realidade muito presente na vida cotidiana de crianças especialmente localizadas em contextos do Sul do Globo. A metodologia utilizada teve enfoque etnográfico, sendo a observação-participante o seu carro-chefe. Os resultados encontrados apontam que as relações de cuidado são marcadas por ambivalência afetiva, disputa de poder e posição, negociações e conflitos. Discute-se que a figura do outro no grupo social estudado tem um papel central para as ações das crianças e que o cuidado e as emoções se produzem com e a partir do que as crianças partilham com o tecido social, institucional e discursivo de que fazem parte. Por fim, entende-se que o trabalho instiga o debate e reflexão sobre as experiências singulares de crianças no Sul Global.
Claudia Roden: The Food Of Spain
Authors: Hayward Vicky
Published: August 2024

Claudia Roden: The Food Of Spain: Michael Joseph (Penguin), 2012, 512pp., hardback: £25.00
Correlation of fatty acids, glyceride core aldehydes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during the thermal oxidation of hazelnut oil
Authors: Liu Zixuan , Liu Meichu , Wu Zhaoxia , Lyu Chunmao , Jiao Xinyao , Jiang Hongyu
Published: August 2024

Fatty acids in edible oil will be oxidized into aldehydes and ketones during hot processing, which will produce polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other harmful substances to human health. Hazelnut oil was heated under different temperatures and times. For each type of oil sample, fatty acid composition, glyceride core aldehyde (GCAs), and PAHs were investigated. The correlation between these indicators was analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient. As the main component of hazelnut oil, oleic acid plays an essential role in the formation of GCAs. For GCAs, 9-oxo and 10-oxo-8 compounds were detected. The content of 9-oxo increased with the temperature, while there was no significant change in 10-oxo-8. There exist 15 kinds of PAHs in hazelnut oil. Correlation result shows that GCAs were strongly correlated with six kinds of PAHs (BaA, CHR, BbF, PYR, BaP, and IPY), which shows that GCAs are the precursor of several kinds of PAHs. The research provides strong theoretical guidance for the edible safety and control methods of hazelnut oil.
HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT OF MODIFIED SODIUM ACETATE TRIHYDRATE COMPOSITE PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL WITH METAL FOAMS
Authors: Xu Huijin , Liu M. S. , He Z. F.
Published: August 2024

In this paper, an experimental study is performed to enhance the heat transfer ability of phase change material (PCM)
using copper foam (CF). A numerical model is established to predict the melting and solidification process of composite
phase change materials (CPCM) in metal foams. The step-cooling curve of CF/CPCM is ideal, with low subcooling and
high thermal conductivity because of the interconnected porous structure and the high thermal conductivity of porous
media, and the CF/CPCM thermophysical parameters are in line with the expected target. Therefore, a more suitable
solution should be selected for practical applications. The CF/CPCM heat storage and exothermic device basically
completes the exothermic solidification process at 3600 s, and basically completes the heat absorption and melting
process at 4200 s, which has a more obvious effect on the overall heat transfer strengthening of the device and reducing the nonuniformity of the material. The design and construction of the CF/CPCM heat storage and exothermic device can be carried out when the application cost is possible.
Oil Price Shocks and Inflation in a DSGE Model of the Global Economy
Authors: Presno Ignacio , Prestipino Andrea
Published: August 2024

The 2022 inflation surge has renewed interest in the drivers of inflation, with special attention on the role of oil and other commodity prices given the large increase in these prices post-pandemic. In this note, we use a DSGE model of the global economy to quantify the impact on U.S. inflation and output of the oil shocks that drove oil prices up by about $45 per barrel in the first half of 2022, around Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
Liquidity and Market Efficiency in Borsa Istanbul
Authors: Alkan Serkan
Published: August 2024

The Borsa Istanbul has experienced a significant increase in investor participation in the past few years, and the growing number of companies are opting to raise capital through IPOs (Initial Public Offerings). In the context of this transformation, the goal of this research is to investigate the connection between the market efficiency and liquidity of 397 stocks traded on Borsa Istanbul by using the daily data over the period from 1 January 2022 to 18 August 2023, including the new stocks that have been listed in recent years. The stocks are ranked in accordance with the degree of informational efficiency using a sample entropy (SampEn) approach. The analysis shows that all stocks exhibit different levels of informational complexity and illiquidity, and many stocks display evidence of autocorrelation and non-independence. Further, it is revealed that entropy and liquidity have a significant relationship on a cross-sectional basis, suggesting that liquidity has an important impact on both inefficiency and predictability.
Otimização de Custos com Consideração de Probabilidade de Falha em Vigas de Concreto Armado Sob Flexão
Authors: Silva Luccas André Felix , Sousa Paulo Fernando Silva , Silva Silvana Maria Bastos Afonso da , Motta Renato de Siqueira , Horowitz Bernardo
Published: August 2024

O trabalho busca demonstrar a viabilidade e pertinência da aplicação conjunta de métodos de otimização estrutural com restrições de probabilidade de falha, integrando a busca pela solução ótima e a garantia de segurança das estruturas. A metodologia empregou métodos de otimização, como os sequenciais quadráticos (SQP), interior-point e active-set, juntamente ao método de cálculo de probabilidade de falha FORM. Ferramentas computacionais, como o MATLAB, permitiram uma análise comparativa do desempenho desses métodos. O estudo se destaca por integrar otimização estrutural e confiabilidade, aplicando-se em vigas de concreto armado, uma temática relevante para a engenharia estrutural. Os resultados da análise de vigas biapoiadas mostraram uma convergência satisfatória entre os métodos, com mínima variabilidade e desempenho superior dos otimizadores SQP e interior-point. A introdução de coeficientes de segurança normatizados resultou em aumento na taxa de armadura, reduzindo a probabilidade de falha e os custos. O estudo evidenciou a sinergia entre otimização e segurança estrutural, contribuindo teoricamente ao mostrar a eficácia da combinação de otimização com restrições de probabilidade de falha, e metodologicamente, ao avaliar comparativamente diferentes métodos de otimização.
Análise agregada de séries temporais na demanda de transporte urbano por ônibus na cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Daroncho Celio , Martinez Pedro José Perez
Published: August 2024

O objetivo do referido artigo é analisar o impacto da pandemia na demanda por transporte público urbano por ônibus na cidade de São Paulo, utilizando séries temporais com dados de passageiros transportados entre 2005 e 2023. A série de dados foi dividida em dois períodos, o período anterior a pandemia (2005-2020), para gerar a previsão e o modelo, e o período posterior a pandemia (2020-2023), para analisar e comparar valores previstos e observados. O método ARIMA com sazonalidade (SARIMA), com uso do software Jamovi e da linguagem R, foi aplicado para analisar a série temporal e gerar o modelo de previsão. Os resultados mostram previsão média de 206 milhões de passageiros por mês em 2023 ante valor médio observado de 173 milhões de passageiros por mês, 19% abaixo, ficando, também 21% abaixo de 2019 (média de 220 milhões de passageiros transportados por mês). A queda média anual prevista entre 2011 e 2023 é de 15,8%, com perda de mais de 35 milhões de passageiros por ano. O estudo mostra que a queda do volume de passageiros transportados é anterior a pandemia, que só agravou a situação, e que a recuperação ainda é incerta e depende de diversos fatores como a readequação dos investimentos no setor e o incentivo ao uso do sistema de ônibus urbanos.
Muconic acid isomers and aromatic compounds analyzed by UHPLC-DAD v3
Authors: P. Woodworth Sean , J. Haugen Stefan , E. Michener William , J. Ramirez Kelsey , T. Beckham Gregg
Published: August 2024

An analysis method was developed to allow for quantitation of muconic acid isomers (cis, cis and cis, trans) and aromatic compounds by ultra high pressure liquid chromatography paired with diode array detection (UHPLC-DAD). This was achieved by reproducible preparation of c,c and c,t isomers of muconic acid and chromatographic separation using a mobile phase gradient to separate various aromatic analytes and muconic isomers on a UHPLC reverse phase analytical column. In version 3 of this protocol a different C18 column option is used with the same gradient and mobile phases. This change was made due to inconsistancies in product specifications and QC with the previous column choice. Additional aromatic analytes were also added to the analytes quantified.
Directed cardiomyocte generation from human pluripotent stem cells using a chemically defined protocol (GiWi2) v1
Authors: Li Fan
Published: August 2024

The GSK3 inhibitor and Wnt inhibitor, named GiWi2, are utilized for robust differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into cardiomyocytes under serum-free and growth factor-free conditions. This differentiation protocol, developed previously by Dr. Xiaojun Lian (Nat Methods. 2015 Jul; 12(7): 595–596), applies two small molecules at precise developmental stages to sequentially promote mesoderm formation and ventricular cardiomyocyte (vCM) specification. The protocol produces 88–98% cTnT+ cells with yields exceeding 1×10^6 cardiomyocytes/cm² across multiple human embryonic stem cell (hESC) and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines. The resulting cardiomyocytes exhibit spontaneous contraction for over eight months, demonstrating their functionality and long-term viability.
CRISPRi screen, MYH9 locus v1
Authors: D. Cosgrove Brian , Bounds Lexi , Key Taylor Carson , J. Rizzo Anthony , Barrera Alejandro , R Daniel Andrea , E. Crawford Gregory , A. Gersbach Charles
Published: August 2024

This protocol describes methods for a CRISPR interference screen to identify open chromatin regions that function as stiffness-responsive modulators of MYH9 expression.
JUSTIÇA AMBIENTAL E TERRITORIALIDADES
Authors: Munhoz André Ricardo Antonovicz , Amorim Júnior Geraldo Uchôa de , Nascimento Izaura Rodrigues
Published: August 2024

A pesquisa teve por finalidade discorrer sobre a defasagem de consideração da dimensão cultural nos discursos e práticas promovidas nos espaços de poder quando o objeto se refere aos territórios indígenas. Considerou-se para a formulação do debate uma análise crítica sobre as noções de justiça ambiental e a inversa desproporção entre os bônus e os ônus ambientais articuladamente com a ideia de conflito socioambiental, considerando-se neste a dimensão social como integrante indissociável do meio ambiente. Metodologicamente o trabalho trata-se de um ensaio teórico, de caráter qualitativo, produzido a partir de fonte bibliográfica interdisciplinar, e com abordagem nessa perspectiva. O objetivo foi atingido ao se explicitar a lógica econômica como preponderante na concepção do desenvolvimento sustentável e, por conseguinte, a carência de valor dado aos aspectos culturais específicos dos povos indígenas ao tratar dos seus direitos quanto aos territórios.
REGULATORY PREREQUISITES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MINERAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF THE STATE SUBSOIL FUND OF UKRAINE
Authors:   State Commission of Ukraine on Mineral Resources, Kyiv, Ukraine, LYTVYNIUK Stanislav
Published: August 2024

Background. After the declaration of independence, the Ukrainian geological industry inherited regulatory and methodical structure and mechanisms that were formed within the framework of economic, social and other conditions typical for the former Soviet republics. Since then, fundamental changes occurred in the subsoil use legislation and the mineral and raw material base formation in Ukraine. In the context of determining the prerequisites for the development of the reliable mineral resource management system, the current regulatory framework analysis, the identification of its shortcomings and the development of an effective policy of integrated mineral resource management are quite relevant. Methods. During the analysis of the current regulatory and legal situation and its changes in the past, a wide range of studies has been used, which includes general theoretical methods of scientific and applied research. In addition to the general theoretical methods of analysis, statistics and systematization, a structural analysis of the regulatory and legal framework of the geological industry has been conducted to achieve the set goal. Results. A general regulatory and legal analysis of geological institutions’ functioning has been performed. The list of institutions and enterprises dealing with geological study, industrial development, accounting, monitoring and control related to mineral resources has been determined. The institutional relationship of stakeholders has been established during the implementation of state programs that form the main management strategy of the state subsoil fund of Ukraine. Conclusions. A comprehensive analysis of regulatory policy in the field of mineral resource management reveals circumstances that need to be considered when updating and introducing amendments to current strategies. The development of the effective mineral resource management system is possible within the framework of approved national strategic programs. The functioning and development of such management system is crucial for achieving balanced resource management in the face of rapidly growing industrial needs.
CURRENT STATE OF HYDROGEOLOGICAL STUDY OF MINERAL RADON WATER DEPOSITS IN THE ZHYTOMYR REGION OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, SHARIKOV Sergii , CHOMKO Dmytrо ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: August 2024

Radon is a radioactive chemical element that belongs to the category of inert gases. Radon water treatment (for external and internal use) has been used in various parts of the world (Austria, Poland, Germany) for more than 100 years. In medical practice, radon baths are mainly used to relieve pain, relax, relieve tension, normalize blood pressure and strengthen blood vessels. Within the Zhytomyr region, since the "Soviet times", work has been carried out to search for and evaluate mineral radon water deposits. The explored deposits within Zhytomyr region require further deeper study and systematization, because, taking into account the demand for mineral radon waters in the "pre-water" period, we predict a gradual recovery of demand in post-war times, including medical tourism. An analysis of stock materials for the search and evaluation of mineral radon waters within Zhytomyr region was carried out. The systematization of data was carried out and the quality indicators of mineral radon waters in explored deposits were studied. At the moment, there are many medical institutions in Ukraine that provide professional and specialized care using mineral radon groundwater. We can state that mineral radon waters are an integral part of the treatment base of many sanatoriums in Ukraine (sanatoriums in the cities of Khmilnyk, Nemyriv, the village of Denishi, etc.). In the Zhytomyr region, the most famous is the Denyshiv deposit of mineral radon waters, on the basis of which the "Denyshi" sanatorium operates. The potential for the development of more detailed hydrogeological research of the already explored deposits of the Zhytomyr region is high. Balneological properties and chemical composition of underground waters have not been sufficiently studied at the moment. This is explained by the fact that industrial production of mineral radon waters takes place within the Zhytomyr region from only one deposit. Funding for further geological exploration (geophysical, geological, hydrogeological) work on the search and exploration of new deposits or within the limits of the distribution zones of mineral radon waters is quite promising today.
ENVIRONMENTAL GEO-INFORMATIONAL MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE CIVIL AND FIRE SAFETY SERVICES OF UKRAINE
Authors:   L'viv State University of Life Safety, L'viv, Ukraine, STARODUB Yuriy , MYKHALICHKO Borys ,   L'viv State University of Life Safety, L'viv, Ukraine, LAVRENYUK Helen ,   L'viv State University of Life Safety, L'viv, Ukraine, KOZIONOVA Olesia ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, POŁCIK Henryk ,   Foundry Research Institute, Kraków, Poland, KUPLOVSKYI Bohdan ,   Subbotine Institute of Geophysics, L'viv, Ukraine
Published: August 2024

Background.The purpose of the work is the development of a new ecological and geo-informational system for monitoring emergency situations, which allows quick predicting the consequences of various natural and man-made hazards at the stage of preventing their occurrence. This applies to possible cases of destruction on territories where there is a threat of flooding and, accordingly, the protection of coasts, structures, roads on mountain slopes, bridges, tunnels and dams built on soils with certain geological and geophysical characteristics, as well as the occurrence and spread of fires and pollution of air, water and soil with harmful substances associated with them. Methods. To implement the methods, available and purchased licensed software is used, creating convenient algorithms for solving practical tasks of civil protection. Information processing based on the used software packages that allow quickly processing large amounts of information, reducing the level of poor processing and data distortion. Results. An ecological and geo-informational monitoring system has been developed, designed to ensure the coordination of actions of civil and fire protection services in order to increase the efficiency of responding to emergency situations of natural and manmade origin. By conducting experiments, model results were obtained, which make possible to theoretically calculate and determine the critical permissible stress-deformed states of the soil massif in the area of engineering structures, bridge structures, to warn about the possible destruction of the massif due to excess stress and deformation under the action of loads. Proposed localization of fire-hazardous zones based on satellite data. As part of the developed system for space monitoring of forest fires, satellite information is used, in particular, the AVHRR radiometer of the Terra satellite. On its basis, a temperature map of the regions of Ukraine was formed. Conclusions. The geo-informational monitoring system was created to prevent the risks of emergency situations (including the destruction of slopes, fires, etc.) using software products, creating databases for mapping potentially dangerous objects. Its application will make it possible to assess the consequences of possible emergency situations of a natural and man-made nature and minimize their negative impact on the environment. The developed geo-information system can be used to coordinate the actions of civil and fire protection services, as well as increase the efficiency of emergency and rescue measures.
ANALYSIS OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF EARTHQUAKES IN TURKEY 06.02.2023 USING RADAR INTERFEROMETRY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, ZATSERKOVNY Vitalii , TSIUPA Irina ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, OSTAPENKO Hryhorii ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, DE DONATIS Mauro ,   University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy, ILYIN Leonid ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Lutsk, Ukraine
Published: August 2024

Background. The article studies the consequences of a series of earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023 in Turkey, which caused large-scale destruction and tens of thousands of victims, and became the deadliest in the world in the last 10 years. Research on the effects of earthquakes is important and can be used in emergency management and disaster recovery, to improve building standards, develop earthquake-resistant infrastructure, etc. Methods. The study was performed using modern methods of remote sensing and geographic information systems. To quantify the surface displacement, we used the method of synthetic aperture interferometry (InSAR) based on Sentinel-1 satellite images in the SNAP application. To improve the accuracy of the results, the Goldstein filter was applied and the phase unwrapping was performed using the external Snaphu software module. To compensate for data distortion, terrain correction was performed using the Doppler terrain correction operator to make the geometric image as close to the real world as possible. Results. The interferograms obtained before and after the earthquakes were analyzed. The results indicate significant surface deformations, especially in the area of the East Anatolian fault, with a maximum subsidence of 110 cm and more pronounced fault lines. The interferograms show that the earthquakes have caused significant changes in the fault structure, which may affect further seismic activity in the region. Diagrams and maps showing the impact of earthquakes on the surface and crust in the southeastern part of Turkey were constructed. Сonclusions. This study demonstrates the possibility of using InSAR technology to monitor the deformation of the earth's surface caused by recent earthquakes. The data obtained can be used to assess damage, identify risk areas, and develop measures to reduce seismic hazards.
CLIMATE SUBJECTIVITY: YOUTH, INNOCENCE AND WILLFULNESS IN THE SWEDISH CLIMATE MOVEMENT
Authors: Schack Lotte
Published: August 2024

This article explores the changing notions of political subjectivity in the climate movement in the Global North. Previously, activists have embraced climate justice ideals, assigning responsibility to the Global North and emphasizing solidarity with the Global South. However, a new parallel subject position is gaining prominence within the movement: "the child." Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, the article analyzes interpretations of the child within the movement, examining the association of this subject position with innocence and the right to protection. Youth activists, addressed as children, grapple with this identity, navigating between embracing and feeling constrained by it. This child identity leads to an alternative subjectivity that resonates with the notion of "the willful child." This article reflects on the potential and limitations of these child subjectivities, shedding light on the dynamics of political subject formation in the face of the climate crisis and in social movements in general. It highlights how adopting the child identity can empower and restrict youth activists in their efforts to advocate for climate action.
Androgenic condition and statins: contradictions in modern literature
Authors: Osipov Arsen V. , Derevyanko Tatiana I. , Agranovich Nadezhda V. , Frantsev Roman S. , Babasheva Gayane G. , Aleksandrova Olga A.
Published: August 2024

Pathological age-related involution of the male reproductive system is characterized by combined clinical manifestations, which are designated by the terms age-related androgen deficiency syndrome, andropause, and male menopause. In modern foreign literature, the term “late hypogonadism” is more often used; in domestic literature, “age-related androgen deficiency” is utilized. The problem of late hypogonadism has gone beyond the scope of endocrinology and sexopathology. Currently, it has acquired an interdisciplinary character and gained attention from gerontologists, cardiologists, diabetologists, andrologists, and other specialists. The medical and social significance of age-related androgen deficiency syndrome is determined by the fact that it worsens the quality of life and is a risk factor for death, primarily from cardiovascular diseases. The review article presents modern ideas regarding the effect of statins on the androgen status of men with cardiac pathology and hypercholesterolemia.