bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smooth boundary design for geometry projection topology optimization
Authors: Li Shijun
Published: September 2022

In order to realize the smooth boundary design for Geometry Projection Topology Optimization(GPTO), a static and dynamic multi-objective design method for geometry projection topology optimization is proposed in this paper. Taking the structure volume as the constraint, the maximum static stiffness and the minimum dynamic frequency eigenvalue as the objective, the optimization is carried out through different scale coefficients and the optimization model is established. At present, the mainstream topology optimization based on geometric parts, such as MMC or GPTO or Feature driven method, requires the geometric parts to be arranged in advance to obtain the optimal design, and the design results largely depend on the initial layout, which brings certain limitations to the structural optimization design. Based on the original GPTO method, this paper optimizes the dynamic frequency of the structure according to the local modal phenomenon of SIMP method. To a certain extent, the complexity of the structure is optimized, and the boundary of the structure is smoother, which can better meet the requirements of the project. The numerical results show that the model and method adopted in this paper are feasible and effective in seeking the smooth boundary design based on GPTO.
Extubation timing and risk of extubation failure in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
Authors: Yang Jun , Lu Junlin , Li Runting , Lin Fa , Chen Yu , Han Heze , Yan Debin , Li Ruinan , Li Zhipeng , Zhang Haibin , Yuan Kexin , Li Hongliang , Zhang Linlin , Shi Guangzhi , Zhou Jianxin , Wang Shuo , Zhao Yuanli , Chen Xiaolin , Zhao Jizong
Published: September 2022

Background
The extubation time is critical during the intensive care unit stay in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients.The current conventional parameters for predicting extubation failure (EF) and extubation time may not be suitable for this population. Here, we aimed to identify factors associated with EF in aSAH patients.
Methods
From a single-center observational study on aSAH patients with computed tomography angiography from 2019 to 2021, patients who received microsurgery were enrolled and divided into two groups according to whether EF occurred. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to evaluate disease severity, medical history, and extubation time differences between patients with and without EF.
Results
Of 335 patients included, EF occurred with a rate of 0.14. The delayed cerebral ischemia (67.4% vs. 13.5%) and acute hydrocephalus (6.5% vs. 1.4%) were frequently observed in patients with EF. Also, patients who develop EF presented higher disability (65.9% vs. 17.4%) and mortality (10.9% vs. 0.7%) rates. A multivariable analysis demonstrated that age (OR 1.038; 95%CI: 1.004–1.073;P = 0.028), onset to admission time (OR 0.731; 95%CI: 0.566–0.943;P = 0.016), WNFS grade > 3 (OR 4.309; 95%CI: 1.639–11.330;P = 0.003), and extubation time < 24 h (OR 0.097; 95%CI: 0.024–0.396;P = 0.001) were significantly associated with EF occurrence.
Conclusions
These data provide further evidence that older aSAH patients with onset to admission time < 2days and WFNS grade > 3 have a high risk of developing EF, which is amplified by the ultra-early extubation. Moreover, in patients with two or more risk factors, a prolonged intubation recommendation requires consideration to avoid the EF.
Increasing Transparency in Machine Learning through Bootstrap Simulation and Shapely Additive Explanations
Authors: Huang Alexander , Huang Samuel
Published: September 2022

Importance: Machine learning methods are widely used within the medical field. However, the reliability and efficacy of these models is difficult to assess. We assessed whether variance calculations of model metrics (e.g., AUROC, Sensitivity, Specificity) through bootstrap simulation and SHapely Additive exPlanations (SHAP) could increase model transparency. Methods Data from the England National Health Services Heart Disease Prediction Cohort was used. XGBoost was used as the machine-learning model of choice in this study. Boost-strap simulation (N = 10,000) was used to empirically derive the distribution of model metrics and covariate Gain statistics. SHapely Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to provide explanations to machine-learning output and simulation to evaluate the variance of model accuracy metrics. Result Among 10,000 simulations completed, we observed that the AUROC ranged from 0.771 to 0.947, a difference of 0.176, the balanced accuracy ranged from 0.688 to 0.894, a 0.205 difference, the sensitivity ranged from 0.632 to 0.939, a 0.307 difference, and the specificity ranged from 0.595 to 0.944, a 0.394 difference. Among 10,000 simulations completed, we observed that the gain for Angina ranged from 0.225 to 0.456, a difference of 0.231, for Cholesterol ranged from 0.148 to 0.326, a difference of 0.178, the MaxHR ranged from 0.081 to 0.200, a range of 0.119, and for Age ranged from 0.059 to 0.157, difference of 0.098. Conclusion Use of simulations to empirically evaluate the variance of model metrics and explanatory algorithms to observe if covariates match the literature are necessary for increased transparency, reliability, and utility of machine learning methods.
Mating frequency estimation and its importance for colony abundance analyses in eusocial pollinators: A case study of Bombus impatiens
Authors: Bird Sydney A. , Pope Nathaniel S. , McGrady Carley M. , Fleischer Shelby J. , López-Uribe Margarita M.
Published: September 2022

Bumble bees (genus Bombus) includes approximately 250 social species, many of which are in decline in North America and Europe. To estimate colony abundance of bumble bees in natural and agricultural habitats, sib-ship relationships are often reconstructed from genetic data with the assumption that colonies have one monogamous queen. However, some species such as the common Eastern North American bumble bee (Bombus impatiens) can display low levels of polyandry that can bias estimates of colony abundance based on sib-ship reconstructions. In order to accurately quantify rates of polyandry in this species, we empirically estimated mating frequencies of queens using a novel statistical model and genotypes from 730 bees. To genotype individuals, we used a highly polymorphic microsatellite set for colonies established from 20 wild caught and 10 commercial queens. We found multiple fathers in 15% of wild colonies and 30% of commercial colonies. This resulted in average effective mating frequencies of 1.07 for wild and 1.15 for commercial colonies. Paternity was also skewed, with the 2nd or 3rd father contributing less than 30% of the offspring. These findings agree with previous reports of polyandry for B. impatiens. Using a large empirical dataset, we demonstrate that assuming monogamy for colony abundance estimation in species that violate this assumption may result in a vast overestimation of the number of colonies. Our results emphasize the importance of studying mating frequencies in social species of conservation concern for the appropriate implementation of genetic approaches for colony abundance estimation.
Grassland cover declined in Southern Africa but increased in other African subcontinents in early 21st century
Authors: Muraina Taofeek O.
Published: September 2022

The African continent has the most extensive grassland cover in the world, providing valuable ecosystem services. African grasslands, like other continental grasslands, are prone to various anthropogenic disturbances and climate, and require data-driven monitoring for efficient functioning and service delivery. Yet, knowledge of how the African grassland cover has changed in the past years is lacking, especially at the subcontinents level, due to a lack of relevant long-term, Africa-wide observations and experiments. Here, we used Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Cover Type (MCD12Q1) data spanning 2001 to 2017 to conduct Land Use Land Cover (LULC) change analyses and map grassland distribution in Africa. Specifically, we assessed the changes in grassland cover across and within African subcontinents over three periods (2001-2013, 2013-2017, and 2001-2017). We found that the African grassland cover was 16777765.5 km2, 16999468.25 km2, and 16968304.25 km2 in 2001, 2013, and 2017, respectively. There werenet gain (1.32%) and net loss (0.19%) during 2001-2013 and 2013-2017 periods, respectively. Generally, the African grassland cover increased (1.14%) over the whole study period (2001-2017) at the expense of forestland, cropland, and built-up areas. The East and West African grassland covers reduced by 0.07% and 1.35%, respectively, in 2013-2017, and increased in other periods; those of North and Central Africa increased throughout the three periods; but Southern Africa grassland cover decreased over the three periods. Overall, the net gains in the grassland cover of other African subcontinents offset the loss in Southern Africa and promoted the overall gain across Africa. This study underscores the need for continuous monitoring of African grasslands and the causes of their changes for efficient delivery of ecosystem services.
Over-expression of ABCC5 indicates poor prognosis of ovarian cancer and contributes to paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Ting Shuang , Feng Wang Jin , Wei Yang Xiao
Published: September 2022

Aim:Chemo-resistance has been the main obstacle for the successful treatment of ovarian cancer. ABCC5 over-expression was reported in several tumors and was claimed to be associated with multi-drug resistance expect ovarian cancer. This study aimed to find if ABCC5 over-expression contributes to the chemo-resistance and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer.
Methods and results:Firstly, bioinformatics analysis was used for predicting the significance of ABCC5 mRNA over-expression in ovarian cancer. Bioinformatics analysis showed ABCC5 was significantly over-expressed in ovarian malignant tumors than in the ovarian surface epithelium, moreover it was significantly higher in the ovarian cancer patients with stage Ⅲ-IV than patients with stage I-II(P=0.00001) . The high expression of ABCC5 was correlated with less overall survival (OS) (P=0.012) but not disease free survival (DFS)(P=0. 91) for ovarian cancer patients.Then tissue microarray was applied for further confirmation of ABCC5 protein expression and location in clinical samples which indicated ABCC5 was positive expressed in the chemo-resistant EOC tissues and mainly located in the cytoplasm.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed FIGO stage (P<0.001) and positive expression of ABCC5 (P<0.0001) were independent risk factors for chemo-resistance in serous EOC. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated patients with the ABCC5 negative expression showed significantly higher OS (P=0.043) but not DFS (P=0.067) than the ABCC5 positive expression group. Finally, the cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, wounding healing assay and clone formation ability test was applied and pointed to the inhibited expression of ABCC5 in A2780/Taxol cells could facilitate paclitaxel sensitivity.
Conclusions: ABCC5 could be used for predicting the chemo-resistance and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer and might be the therapeutic target to the chemo-resistance.
Trend analysis for groundwater levels for Handri river basin, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Peera D. Gouse , Bhavani R.
Published: September 2022

Trend of groundwater levels in the Handri river basin, Andhra Pradesh, India is analyzed using non parametric tests such as Mann Kendall method and Sen’s Slope method. This analysis is useful for development and management of agriculture problems, water supply problems, and to reduce to the scarcity of the drinking water problems. The groundwater levels for 17years are used in this study from 1997 to 2012. The Zvalues in the case of Mann Kendall method and Qmedian values in the case of Sen’s slope method, gives the trend in this study area. The plenty of groundwater is available to the regions in which the trend is increasing, if necessary, we can discharge the groundwater.
Treatment of patellar tendon avulsion at the tibial tubercle at subacute stage: a case report
Authors: Ahmadov Asim , Ozer Hamza , Ozel Tayfun , Duzgun Ramazan , Baki Gokberk , Erdem Salih
Published: September 2022

Rupture of patellar tendon is one of the rarest injuries of childhood which require acute repair to preserve extensor mechanism. In this report, we present 12-year-old male patient, otherwise healthy who admitted with a rupture of patellar tendon without bony involvement. Treatment involved end-to-end suture, support with anchors and patellar reinforcement with a cerclage wire, combination of which was not documented earlier for the pediatric group in the prior literature. Early range of motion exercises started with functional knee brace. Final follow-up showed improved functional outcome.
A Hybrid Ensemble Voting-based Residual Attention Network for Motor Imagery EEG Classification
Authors: Jindal Komal , Upadhyay Rahul , Singh Hari Shankar
Published: September 2022

Multi-class motor imagery Electroencephalography (EEG) activity decoding has always been challenging for the development of Brain Computer Interface (BCI) system. Deep learning has recently emerged as a powerful approach for BCI system development using EEG activity. However, the EEG activity analysis and classification should be robust, automated and accurate. Currently, available BCI systems perform well for binary task identification whereas, multi-class classification of EEG activity for BCI applications is still a challenging task. In this work, a hybrid Residual Attention ensemble voting classifier model is developed for EEG-based Motor Imagery-Brain Computer Interface (MI-BCI) task classification. The Time-Frequency Representation (TFR) of the multi-class EEG activity is generated using Transient Extracting Transform (TET). The TFR spectrogram images are input to the designed Residual Attention ensemble voting classifier model for training and classification purposes. The model is evaluated using different fusion strategies viz. feature-level and score-level fusion of layers. The proposed model is evaluated on two MI-BCI datasets, BCI competition IV 2a and BCI competition III 3a, yielding the highest classification accuracies of 88.14 % and 93.13 %, respectively. The results obtained on a large multi-class MI-BCI dataset confirm that the proposed hybrid Residual Attention ensemble voting classifier model significantly outperforms the conventional algorithm and achieves significantly high classification accuracy for the feature-level fusion of layers. The developed framework aids in identifying different tasks for multi-class MI-BCI EEG activity.
Hard Optimization Problems have Soft Edges
Authors: Marino Raffaele , Kirkpatrick Scott
Published: September 2022

Finding a Maximum Clique is a classic property test from graph theory; find any one of the largest complete subgraphs in an Erdös-Rényi G(N, p) random graph. It is the simplest of many such problems in which algorithms requiring only a small power of N steps cannot reach solutions which probabilistic arguments show must exist, exposing an inherently "hard" phase within the solution space of the problem. Such "hard" phases are seen in many NP-Complete problems, in the limit when N → ∞. But optimization problems arise and must be solved at finite N. We use this simplest case, MaxClique, to explore the structure of the problem as a function of N and K, the clique size. It displays a complex phase boundary, a staircase of steps at each of which 2log2 N and Kmax, the maximum size of clique that can be found, increase by 1. Each of its boundaries have finite width, and these widths allow local algorithms to find cliques beyond the limits defined by the study of infinite systems. We explore the performance of a number of extensions of traditional fast local algorithms, and find that much of the "hard" space remains accessible at finite N.
The "hidden clique" problem embeds a clique somewhat larger than those which occur naturally in a G(N, p) random graph. Since such a clique is unique, we find that local searches which stop early, once evidence for the hidden clique is found, may outperform the best message passing or spectral algorithms.
Robotic Male and Laparoscopic Female Sphincter-Preserving Total Mesorectal Excision of Mid-Low Rectal Cancer Share Similar Specimen Quality, Complication Rates and Long-Term Oncological Outcomes
Authors: Aliyev Vusal , Piozzi Guglielmo Niccolò , Huseynov Elnur , Mustafayev Teuta Zoto , Kayku Vildan , Goksel Suha , Asoglu Oktar
Published: September 2022

Background: The aim of this study was to compare perioperative and long-term oncological outcomes between laparoscopic sphincter-preserving total mesorectal excision in female patients (F-Lap-TME) and robotic sphincter-preserving total mesorectal excision in male patients (M-Rob-TME) with mid-low rectal cancer (RC).
Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database was performed. 170 cases (F-Lap-TME: 60 patients; M-Rob-TME: 110 patients) were performed by a single surgeon (January 2011 - January 2020).
Results: Clinical characteristics did not differ significantly between the two groups. Operating time was longer in M-Rob-TME than in F-Lap-TME group (185.3±28.4 vs 124.5±35.8 minutes, p<0.001). There was no conversion to open surgery in both groups. Quality of mesorectum was complete/near-complete in 58 (96.7%) and 107 (97.3%) patients of F-Lap-TME and M-Rob-TME (p=0.508), respectively. Circumferential radial margin involvement was observed in 2 (3.3%) and 3 (2.9%) in F-Lap-TME and M-Rob-TME patients (p=0.210), respectively. Median length of follow-up was 62 (24-108) months in the F-Lap-TME and 64 (24-108) months in the M-Rob-TME group. Five-year overall survival rates were 90.5% in the F-Lap-TME and 89.6% in the M-Rob-TME groups (p=0.120). Disease-free survival rates in F-Lap-TME and M-Rob-TME groups were 87.5% and 86.5% (p=0.145), respectively. Local recurrence rates were 5% (n=3) and 5.5% (n=6) (p=0.210), in the F-Lap-TME and M-Rob-TME groups, respectively.
Conclusion: The robotic technique can potentially overcome some technical challenges related to the pelvic anatomical difference between sex compared to laparoscopy. Laparoscopic and robotic approach, respectively in female and male patients provide similar surgical specimen quality, perioperative outcomes, and long-term oncological results.
Tracking Behavior of Scalar Fields in K = 0 Universe
Authors: Joshi Tanisha , Pathak S. D
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we investigate various scalar field potentials using the scalar field cosmological model. We analyze the tracking parameter for each potential in K = 0 universe. The tracking parameter is taken into account because the dynamics of tracking depend on the variation of this particular parameter during cosmic evolution. This parameter is applied to each potential, and the resulting behavior is displayed. The behavior is plotted, and a comparison is made between the behavior shown by the tracking parameter and the behavior shown by the corrected tracking parameter.
TRPM2 Regulates Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation and Delays Resolution of Neutrophil-driven Sterile Inflammation
Authors: Cao Xue , Li Yanhong , Luo Yubin , Chu Tianshu , Yang Hang , Wen Ji , Liu Yi , Zhao Yi , Herrmann Martin
Published: September 2022

The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is a process releasing into the extracellular space networks of chromatin fibers decorated with granular proteins. It is implicated in infection-related as well as sterile inflammation. Monosodium urate (MSU) crystals serve as damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) in various conditions of disease. Formation of NETs or aggregated NETs (aggNETs) orchestrates initiation and resolution of MSU crystals-triggered inflammation, respectively. Elevated intracellular calcium levels and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial for the formation of MSU crystal-induced NETs. However, the exact signaling pathways involved are still elusive. Herein, we demonstrate that the ROS-sensing, non-selective calcium-permeable channel transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2 (TRPM2) is required for a full-blown MSU crystal-induced NET formation. Primary neutrophils from TRPM2-/- mice showed reduced calcium influx and ROS production and, consequently a reduced formation of MSU crystal-induced NETs and aggNETs. Furthermore, in TRPM2-/- mice the infiltration of inflammatory cells into infected tissues and their production of inflammatory mediators was suppressed. Taken together these results describe an inflammatory role of TRPM2 for neutrophil-driven inflammation and identify TRPM2 as potential target for therapeutic intervention.
WITHDRAWN: On Testing Constancy of Speed of Photons
Authors: Peng Hui
Published: September 2022

Special Relativity (SR) is a cornerstone for modern physics and for variety of applications. SR is based on two postulations, the principle of relativity and the principle of constancy of the propagation speed of light wave. However, up to now, the second postulate has not been confirmed experimentally yet. Recently we have shown that light propagate as particles even in “pure” wave experiments. In this article we propose doable modified Michelson’s rotating mirror experiments to test the second postulate for photons.
If the experiments show that the constancy of the speed of light propagating as photons holds, then we, the first time, experimentally confirm the second postulation of SR. If the experiments show that the propagation speed of photons is not constant, then, the second postulate of SR is disproved. Either negative result or positive results would be profoundly significant.
Measuring income inequality via percentile relativities
Authors: Greselin Francesca , Brazauskas Vytaras , Zitikis Ricardas
Published: September 2022

"The rich are getting richer" implies that the population income distributions are getting more right-skewed and heavy-tailed. For such distributions, the mean is not the best measure of the center, but the classical indices of income inequality, including the celebrated Gini index, are all mean-based. In view of this, Professor Gastwirth sounded an alarm back in 2014 by suggesting to incorporate the median into the definition of the Gini index, although noted a few shortcomings of his proposed index. In the present paper we make a further step in the modification of classical indices and, to acknowledge the possibility of differing viewpoints, arrive at three median-based indices of inequality. They avoid the shortcomings of the previous indices and can be used even when populations are ultra-heavy tailed, that is, when their first moments are infinite. The new indices are illustrated both analytically and numerically using parametric families of income distributions, and further illustrated using a real data set of capital incomes of  fifteen countries. We also discuss the performance of the indices from the perspective of the Pigou-Dalton principle of transfers.
Genetic Polymorphism and Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance Relationship in Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Varli Yusuf Ziya , Caglayan Ahmet Okay , Bilguvar Kaya , Gunel Murat , Oztarhan Kazim
Published: September 2022

Background
Kawasaki disease (CD) is an acute febrile systemic vasculitis that is the most common cause of coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) in children. Resistance to IVIG, which is used to reduce the risk of developing CAA, is an important risk factor, and risk scoring systems used to predict the development of this resistance gave different results in different breeds. We planned our study to investigate the effect of genetic factors on the development of IVIG resistance.
Methods
Patients diagnosed with CD by whole exome gene analysis were analyzed retrospectively. Blood samples were obtained from a randomized subgroup (n:97). Previously reported IVIG resistance-associated exonic SNPs at five different gene loci (IL16,TNFSF14, NFATC2,DERL3,SAMD9L) were evaluated by whole-exome sequencing(WES).
Results
259 patients (male/female: 1.67) with CD were included in the study. The rates of CAA and IVIG resistance in our patients were 11.6% and 21.6%, respectively. The risk of developing CAA was significantly increased in patients with IVIG resistance (p < 0.001). As a result, IVIG resistance frequency increased in the presence of three SNPs (the IL16,TNFSF14, NFATC2 genes, respectively).
Conclusion
The development of resistance at different rates in different races against IVIG, which is used in the treatment of CD, has led to genetic studies. In our study, we found mutations in three genes (IL16, TNFSF14, NFATC) that play a role in T lymphocyte activation in patients with IVIG resistance. We think that the role of genetic factors in the resistance mechanism will become clear with the increase in genetic studies to be done.
SPOP could play a potential inhibitory role in human renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Zhi , Li Zuan , Li Chunlin , Li Bingcai , Wang Haojian , Nong Deyong , Li Ximing , Huang Guihai , Lin Junhao , Li Wei
Published: September 2022

SPOP, a substrate adaptor of Cul3 ubiquitin ligase, plays crucial roles in solid neoplasms by promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of substrates. Limited studies have shown that SPOP is overexpressed in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissue. However, the exact role of SPOP in RCC remains unclear and needs to be further elucidated. We found that overexpression of SPOP inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion and increased apoptosis. Interestingly, sunitinib and IFN-α2b at several concentrations increased the proliferation inhibitory rate and total apoptosis rate of cells overexpressing SPOP. The findings of the present study showed that the SPOP protein was significantly expressed at low levels in most clear cell RCC (ccRCC) tissues and at relatively high levels in the majority of adjacent normal and kidney tissues. In conclusion, in contrast to previous studies, our findings demonstrated that overexpression of SPOP might suppress the progression of RCC cells, which was supported by cell experiments and immunohistochemical staining. SPOP could be a potential tumour inhibitor in RCC.
Multi-fault diagnosis of rolling bearing using two-dimensional feature vector of WP-VMD and PSO-KELM algorithm
Authors: jiang tingyu , Li Yakun , Li Shen
Published: September 2022

In order to achieve accurate fault diagnosis of rolling bearing under random noise, a new fault diagnosis method based on wavelet packet-variational mode decomposition (WP-VMD) and kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the time-frequency domain feature vectors of the original rolling bearing fault signals are effectively obtained by preprocessing of WMD and decomposition and reconstruction of VMD. Then, the extracted two-dimensional feature vector is input into the KELM neural network for fault identification, and combined with PSO, KELM parameters were optimized. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively diagnose the rolling bearing under random noise, with the features of fast speed, stable performance and high accuracy. By comparison, this paper obtains better accuracy and real-time performance with fewer features, which provides a simple and efficient solution for fault diagnosis of rolling bearings.
Formative Evaluation Prior to Implementation of a Brief Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Primary Care
Authors: Valentine Sarah E. , Fuchs Cara , Sarkisova Natalya , Olesinski Elyse A. , Elwy A. Rani
Published: September 2022

Background
Successful implementation of evidence-based treatments (EBT) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in primary care may address treatment access and quality gaps by providing care in novel and less stigmatized settings. Yet, PTSD treatments are largely unavailable in safety net primary care. We aimed to collect clinician stakeholder data on organizational, attitudinal, and contextual factors relevant to EBT implementation.
Methods
Our developmental formative evaluation was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), including (a) surveys assessing implementation climate and attitudes towards EBTs and behavioral health integration and (b) semi-structured interviews to identify barriers and facilitators to implementation and need for augmentation. Participants were hospital employees (N = 22), including primary care physicians (n = 6), integrated behavioral health clinicians (n = 8), community wellness advocates (n = 3), and clinic leadership (n = 5). We report frequency and descriptives of survey data and findings from directed content analysis of interviews. We used a concurrent mixed-methods approach, integrating survey and interview data collected simultaneously using a joint display approach. A primary care community advisory board (CAB) helped to refine interview guides and interpret findings.
Results
Stakeholders described implementation determinants of the EBT related to the CFIR domains of the intervention (relative advantage, adaptability), outer setting (patient needs and resources), inner setting (networks and communication, relative priority, leadership engagement, available resources), and individuals involved (knowledge and beliefs, cultural considerations). Stakeholders described strong attitudinal support (relative advantage), yet therapist time and capacity restraints are major PTSD treatment implementation barriers (available resources). Changes in hospital management were perceived as potentially allowing for greater access to behavioral health services, including EBTs. Patient engagement barriers such as stigma, mistrust, and care preferences were also noted (patient needs and resources). Recommendations included tailoring the intervention to meet existing workflows (adaptability), system alignment efforts focused on improving detection, referral, and care coordination processes (networks and communication), protecting clinician time for training and consultation (leadership engagement), and embedding a researcher in the practice (available resources).
Conclusions
Our evaluation identified key CFIR determinents of implementation of PTSD treatments in safety net integrated primary care settings. Our project also demonstrates that successful implementation necessitates strong stakeholder engagement.
Relationship between drug targets and drug-signature networks: a network- based genome-wide landscape
Authors: Lee Chae Won , Kim Sung Min , Sa Soonok , Nam Sang-Min , Han Hyun Wook
Published: September 2022

Drugs produce pharmaceutical and adverse effects that arise from the complex relationship between drug targets and signatures; by considering such relationships, we can begin to understand the cellular mechanisms of drugs. In this study, we selected 463 genes from the DSigDB database corresponding to targets and signatures for 382 FDA-approved drugs with both protein binding information for a drug-target score (KDTN, i.e., the degree to which the protein encoded by the gene binds to a number of drugs) and microarray signature information for a drug-sensitive score (KDSN, i.e., the degree to which gene expression is stimulated by the drug). Accordingly, we constructed two drug–gene bipartite network models, a drug-target network and drug-signature network, which were merged into a multidimensional model. Analysis revealed that the KDTN and KDSN were in mutually exclusive and reciprocal relationships in terms of their biological network structure and gene function. A symmetric balance between the KDTN and KDSN of genes facilitates the possibility of therapeutic drug effects in living organisms. These results provide new insights into the relationship between drugs and genes, specifically drug targets and drug signatures.
Characterization of nano-minerals and nanoparticles in supergene rare earth element mineralization related to chemical weathering of granites
Authors: Yi Zebang , Fu Wei , Zhao Qing , Lu Haotian , Fu Xuanni , Li Peiqiang , Luo Peng , Han Zhixuan , Tan Zhiqiang , Xu Cheng
Published: September 2022

Ion adsorption-type rare earth element (REE) ore deposits in South China are a major source of heavy rare earth elements (HREE) around the world, which are of considerable economic and strategic significance. In these ores, REE is enriched in the clay minerals, specifically kaolinite and halloysite, which are derived from their parent granitoid by the weathering process. However, the mechanisms of supergene REE mineralization remain unclear. We investigated the nature and origin of supergene REE mineralization, based on a nanoscale study of a typical REE-mineralized granite regolith profile (ΣREEmax = 1201 ppm) in the Dazhou super-large, ion adsorption-type REE deposit, Guangxi Province, South China. Bulk mineralogical and geochemical analyses, coupled with novel nano-characterization techniques [i.e., hollow fiber flow field-flow fractionation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HF5-ICP-MS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)], were used to determine the nature of the nano-minerals and nanoparticles in the regolith samples. X-ray diffraction and SEM-EDS analyses revealed that ion-adsorption clay minerals are dominated by platy-shaped kaolinite and rod-like halloysite (10 and 7 Å) within the regolith. The average clay mineral contents decreased from 38 to 15% from the fully weathered horizon to the semi-weathered horizon, whereas the proportion of halloysite increased in the clay mineral fraction in the deep horizons. The REE-bearing nanoparticles consist predominantly of macromolecules of organic matter (2–5 nm) and clay minerals (5–40 and 40–80 nm) according to the HF5-ICP-MS analysis. There is a close association between REE and Al contents in particles with sizes of 5–40 nm in the semi-weathered horizons and 40–80 nm in the highly weathered horizons, which indicates that nanoscale clay minerals (halloysite and kaolinite, respectively) are important REE carriers. In addition, nanoscale secondary REE mineral phases, including oxide, silicate, and phosphate, were identified by the SEM and TEM observations. These phases are typically adsorbed onto the surfaces of clay minerals, specifically rod-like halloysite, but have different occurrences in the regolith profile. Cesium-oxide (cerianite) and Ce-silicate (cerite) occur mainly in the upper horizon of the regolith profile, whereas low-crystallinity REE phosphates [rhabdophane-(La)] occur mainly in the lower horizon of the profile. Our results indicate that nano-minerals and nanoparticles affect REE enrichment and fractionation during granite weathering. Migration and accumulation of REE-bearing nano-minerals were caused by leaching and neoformation of REE-bearing nano-minerals during secondary precipitation. These processes contribute to the formation of supergene REE mineralization in granite regolith.
Muhammadiyah and Civil Society: Critical Network, Patterns of Criticism, and Challenges
Authors: Setiadi Ozi
Published: September 2022

Muhammadiyah is an Islamic organization that aims to form a charitable civil society and has a productive and independent network from the state. Muhammadiyah carries out a critical function in carrying out checks and balances for the state. This is done by using the criticality network. This study discusses critical networks, patterns of spreading criticism, and challenges for Muhammadiyah. This research is library research with a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used is a literature study, which is strengthened by interviews with related elements. The results of this study indicate that Muhammadiyah's critical network is divided into two, namely formal and non-formal networks. The pattern of spreading criticism is in the form of a pyramid. Nevertheless, Muhammadiyah faces challenges such as the exclusivity of thought, accommodation to “progressive” institutions affiliated with Muhammadiyah, and debates over concepts that are generally born from the womb of Western thought. This research shows that Muhammadiyah as civil society has a productive network to carry out checks and balances to the state. As a developing civil society, it still has challenges to overcome.
Religious Contestation between Christian and Muslim Community in the 'Gospel City' of Manokwari Papua
Authors: Gerung Farno Billy Arthur , Mantu Rahman
Published: September 2022

This article discusses the dynamics of the relationship between Papuan Muslims and Christians as the majority population. Part of the dynamic is the disharmony between the two religious adherents due to several reasons; construction of facilities for worship, namely mosques that are increasingly massive, fighting over each other for public space, domination of the bureaucracy by Christian elites, the economic sector, and strengthening of identity through the performance of religious symbols. Until its peak, the Local Regulation for the spiritual development of Manokwari emerged as the Gospel city. Qualitatively, this article describes and identifies ethnographically how the contestation between Muslims and Christians, the clash between the two, and the debate on the issue of local regulations of the Gospel. Some of the conclusions of this article find that the majority group feels that Papua has historically been the center of Christianity and the efforts to care for it are so strong, this is in line with the impact of what is happening outside Papua such as the many sharia regulations that are widely applied in Java and Sumatra areas.
Identification of initial fault time for bearing based on monitoring indicator, WEMD and Infogram
Authors: Meng Jiadong , Yan Changfeng , Wen Tao , Wang Zonggang
Published: September 2022

Rolling element bearing is a core component in the rotating machine. The performance of the whole machine is mainly dominated by the performance condition of the rolling element bearing. The Initial Fault Time (IFT) is a beginning landmark of the unhealthy condition of bearings. In order to identify accurately and rapidly the IFT under the weak fault signatures and heavy background noise, an identification method of the IFT is proposed by the monitoring indicator and envelope analysis with Weighted Empirical Mode Decomposition (WEMD) and Infogram. The monitoring indicator is constructed by the variation coefficient of the summation of the multiple standardized statistical features of the vibration signal. The approximate IFT can be obtained by the minimum before the early stage of the continuous increase in the monitoring indicator. Whereafter, a more accurate IFT can be detected by envelope analysis with WEMD and Infogram based on interval-halving backtracking strategy. The proposed method is verified by the tested dataset provided by Intelligent Maintenance System (IMS). The results show that the proposed method is efficient, rapid and simple for identifying the IFT.
Sistema de gestión de calidad para el desarrollo empresarial caso cooperativa integral de transportadores de san francisco
Authors: Cruz-Páez Fabio Orlando , Guerrero-Ramírez Giselle Alexandra , Triana-Calderón Oldair
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo deja apreciar la contribución del cómo una empresa para este caso la Cooperativa integral de Transportadores COOTRASANFRANCISCO Ltda., a través de la documentación y estandarización de los procesos puede implementar el sistema de gestión de calidad con base en los lineamientos de la NTC - ISO 9001:2015 con el fin de desarrollarse y fortalecerse empresarialmente. Desde la perspectiva teórica en una empresa la ausencia de la norma ISO 9001-2015 puede llegar a ocasionar desorden y conflicto en las operaciones diarias desarrolladas, generando como consecuencias inconvenientes en el flujo de la información, así se genera la necesidad de fortalecer los procesos con el diseño e implementación de un sistema de gestión de calidad.  La metodología de la investigación se realizó con investigación mixta, diseño no experimental-transcendental y alcance descriptivo - documental, apoyado en dos instrumentos de investigación el primero una lista de chequeo y el segundo una encuesta aplicada al 95 % del recurso humano de la empresa, equivalente a 25 personas de la cooperativa. La investigación mostró que con gestión de calidad se genera desarrollo empresarial, así futuras investigaciones empíricas brindarán innovaciones de procesos y servicios en empresas circundantes para el desarrollo organizacional y social.
The Design of Selectively-Activated Prodrugs for Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Denny William A.
Published: September 2022

Tumor-selective activation of anticancer prodrugs is of increasing interest, given several new concepts for such activation which have recently emerged. These include chronic hypoxia and low external pH as consistent properties of solid tumor tissue, and new antibody- and genetic-based methods for specifically delivering activating enzymes to tumors. Such prodrugs are conceptually considered as comprising three separate domains (a trigger which determines the tumor-selective activation, an effector which provides the cytotoxic event following trigger activation, and a linker
mechanism which deactivates the effector in the prodrug and efficiently transmits the activating signal). This concept allows independent consideration of the types of structures most suitable for each domain, and the criteria which they must meet. The existing classes of compounds designed as selectively-activated anticancer prodrugs are reviewed, showing that the primary design criterion for the effector unit is high cytotoxicity, whereas the requirements of trigger units depend critically on the mode of selective activation.
HIV Protease Inhibitors
Authors: Kempf D. J. , Sham H. L.
Published: September 2022

The protease encoded by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV protease) mediates the maturation of newly formed HIV particles through proteolytic processing of the gag and gag-pol gene products. Because of its essential role in the HIV replication cycle, this enzyme represents a logical target for the treatment of HIV infection. The intimate knowledge of the function and three-dimensional structure of HIV protease has prompted numerous approaches to the rational design of inhibitors. Despite rapid advances in the design of potent and specific inhibitors, the identification of clinically
viable agents has proven challenging, the greatest obstacle being the problem of poor pharmacodynamic properties. Nonetheless, clinical trials of agents with substantially improved pharmacological properties Ii.ave demonstrated that protease inhibitors can produce a dramatic antiviral effect in vivo. In this chapter, recent approaches to HIV protease inhibitor design, with a particular focus on advances in the preclinical pharmacokinetic properties, are reviewed.
Different Distribution of Core Microbiota in Upper Soil Layer in Two Places of North China Plain
Authors: Wang Luan , Zhang Qian , Mei Hongtao , Cui Xiaohan , Wang Meijie , Zhu Yu , Ji Boyang , Wei Yongjun
Published: September 2022

Backgrounds:

Soils harbor diverse bacteria, and these bacteria play important roles in soil nutrition cycling and carbon storage. Numerous investigations of soil microbiota had been performed, and the core microbiota in different soil or vegetation soil types had been described. The upper layer of soil, as a source of organic matter, is important and affected by the habitats and dominant bacteria. However, the complexity of soil environments and relatively limited information of many geographic areas had attracted great attention on comprehensive exploration of soil microbes in enormous types of soil.

Methods:

To reveal the core upper layer soil microbiota, soil samples from metropolis and countryside regions in the North China Plain were investigated using high-throughput sequencing strategy.

Results:

The results showed that the most dominant bacteria are Proteobacteria (38.34%), Actinobacteria (20.56%), and Acidobacteria (15.18%). At the genus-level, the most abundant known genera are Gaiella (3.66%), Sphingomonas (3.6%), Acidobacteria Gp6 (3.52%), and Nocardioides (2.1%). Moreover, several dominant operational taxanomy units OTUs, such as OTU_3 and OTU_17, were identified to be associated with the soil environment. Microbial distributions of the metropolis samples were different from the countryside samples, which may reflect the environments in the countryside were more diverse than in the metropolis. Microbial diversity and evenness were higher in the metropolis than in the countryside, which might due to the fact that human activity increased the microbial diversity in the metropolis.

Conclusion:

The upper layer soil core microbiota of the North China Plain were complex, and microbial distributions in these two places might be mainly affected by the human activity and environmental factors, not by the distance. Our data highlights the upper layer soil core microbiota in North China Plain, and provides insights for future soil microbial distribution studies in central China.
Pilomatrixoma Mimicking a Pyogenic Granuloma Clinically: A Rare Case Report from Syria
Authors: Al-Soufi Lina , Al-janabi Moatasem Hussein , Wannous Boshra , Issa Rana , Al-shehabi Zuheir
Published: September 2022

Background:

Pilomatrixoma is a benign skin tumor arising from the hair matrix cells. It is typically found in the head and neck region. However, few cases of pilomatrixoma that mimic a pyogenic granuloma have been reported. Clinicians should be aware of it because it may recurrence and transform into a malignant tumor.

Case Presentation:

We report a rare case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with an asymptomatic mass on the left cheek for 2 months. Clinically, it was diagnosed as a pyogenic granuloma. An excisional biopsy was performed and sent to the pathology department for histopathological study. Histological examination showed that it was a pilomatrixoma. The patient was discharged on the same day, without any complications.

Conclusion:

Pilomatrixoma is often misdiagnosed clinically; therefore, the definitive diagnosis of skin tumors should be made after a histologic examination of the excisional mass. Surgical resection with wide margins was the optimal treatment for pilomatrixoma because local recurrence may occur.
Impact of Lifestyle Management on COVID-19
Authors: Parmar Dharmishtha R. , Amin Jinali M. , Verma Preeti D.
Published: September 2022

Background:

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious and deadly viral infection that led to a pandemic situation and has become the biggest challenge to overcome since its inception. To date, many infected people have lost their lives and many are suffering a lot due to post-COVID complications. The corona outbreak imposed different countries to undergo lockdown, which resulted in huge economic losses. The world is again battling with a new variant of Corona ‘Omicron’, which is spreading even more. Few reports have indicated that vaccinated people are also getting the infection and in some cases of new variants, serious complications are also observed. Scientists are yet striving to come forward with time-tested and registered medicines to eradicate the infection.

Objective:

A healthy lifestyle incorporating good food habits, ample physical activity, cessation of addictions, self-hygiene, and enough sleep to reduce stress and anxiety can help people in generating strong immunity. The objective of this review is to spread awareness among people regarding the significant role of lifestyle management in the development of strong immunity against COVID-19.

Methods:

All the information regarding different aspects of lifestyle management and COVID-19 was gathered through an exhaustive literature survey of books and scientific resources.

Conclusion:

The mortality and severity in the cases of COVID are many-a-times associated with low immunity. The virus is also getting mutated and may override the vaccine’s effectiveness. Hence, strong immunity plays a key role in supporting people, especially those with co-morbid health conditions, for the prevention of COVID-19 and that can be achieved by maintaining a healthy lifestyle.