bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Internet of Things Technology in Mobile Education of Smart Campus Culture and Etiquette
Authors: Guo Yanhui
Published: July 2022

To address the many uncertainties of technological change in school governance processes, this article offers smart school-based governance based on Internet of Things and Internet access mobile. Regarding the use of technology in cell phones, the system integrates in many ways, interviews staff involved, receives information, and then examines the use of how school governance affects school administration. The results of the experiment were as follows: 91.4% of parents believed that the use of smart home control systems was beneficial to themselves and their children; of the parents, 77.42% were most concerned about their student’s school condition, with 41.94% and 38.71% doing homework. In addition, 29.03% and 21.51% of family information and school activities were in the parent’ perspective. Parents estimate that in-school communication on WeChat, which is the largest contributor to smart school management, reaches an average of 50%. Smart school management has proven to be able to create a large database of schools and use it to support and streamline school management decisions, especially decisions, decision of the president, improving the whole process of a smart school system.
Asthma and Vitamin D Deficiency: Occurrence, Immune Mechanisms, and New Perspectives
Authors: Salmanpour Fardis , Kian Naghmeh , Samieefar Noosha , Khazeei Tabari Mohammad Amin , Rezaei Nima
Published: July 2022

Asthma, as a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways, has a considerable prevalence among children. Vitamin D might play a role in asthma pathogenesis by affecting the development of the lung, regulating the immune responses, and remodeling of airway smooth muscle (ASM). Study results on the association between the serum level of vitamin D and asthma severity have suggested a converse relationship between lower vitamin D levels and more severe clinical courses. However, they are not consistent in these findings and have shown insignificant correlations, as well. The possible effects of vitamin D on asthma have led researchers to consider this vitamin a potential prophylactic and therapeutic tool for managing children with variant degrees of asthma. Adding vitamin D to the routine corticosteroid therapy of asthmatic children is another field of interest that has shown promising results. In this narrative review study, we aim to elaborate on the existing knowledge on the role of vitamin D in asthma pathogenesis and prognosis, explain the controversies that exist on the effectiveness of treating patients with vitamin D supplements, and make a general conclusion about how vitamin D actually is linked to asthma in children.
Chlorpromazine and Promethazine (C+P) Reduce Brain Injury after Ischemic Stroke through the PKC-δ/NOX/MnSOD Pathway
Authors: Guo Sichao , Li Fengwu , Wills Melissa , Yip James , Wehbe Alexandra , Peng Changya , Geng Xiaokun , Ding Yuchuan
Published: July 2022

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) incites neurologic damage through a myriad of complex pathophysiological mechanisms, most notably, inflammation and oxidative stress. In I/R injury, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which promote inflammatory and apoptotic pathways, augmenting ROS production and promoting cell death. Inhibiting ischemia-induced oxidative stress would be beneficial for reducing neuroinflammation and promoting neuronal cell survival. Studies have demonstrated that chlorpromazine and promethazine (C+P) induce neuroprotection. This study investigated how C+P minimizes oxidative stress triggered by ischemic injury. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subject to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and subsequent reperfusion. 8 mg/kg of C+P was injected into the rats when reperfusion was initiated. Neurologic damage was evaluated using infarct volumes, neurological deficit scoring, and TUNEL assays. NOX enzymatic activity, ROS production, protein expression of NOX subunits, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and phosphorylation of PKC-δ were assessed. Neural SHSY5Y cells underwent oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and subsequent reoxygenation and C+P treatment. We also evaluated ROS levels and NOX protein subunit expression, MnSOD, and p-PKC-δ/PKC-δ. Additionally, we measured PKC-δ membrane translocation and the level of interaction between NOX subunit (p47phox) and PKC-δ via coimmunoprecipitation. As hypothesized, treatment with C+P therapy decreased levels of neurologic damage. ROS production, NOX subunit expression, NOX activity, and p-PKC-δ/PKC-δ were all significantly decreased in subjects treated with C+P. C+P decreased membrane translocation of PKC-δ and lowered the level of interaction between p47phox and PKC-δ. This study suggests that C+P induces neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke through inhibiting oxidative stress. Our findings also indicate that PKC-δ, NOX, and MnSOD are vital regulators of oxidative processes, suggesting that C+P may serve as an antioxidant.
An Attribute-Based Access Control Model for Internet of Things Using Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain
Authors: Shammar Elham A. , Zahary Ammar T. , Al-Shargabi Asma A.
Published: July 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is emerging from its infancy and establishing itself as a component of the future Internet. However, the ability to manage a huge number of IoT devices is one of the IoT technical challenges. To implement access control, traditional schemes typically rely on a trusted central organization. Traditional centralized access control systems of the IoT lead to the shortcomings of a single point of failure, low overall system efficiency, and ethical and privacy issues. To overcome such challenges, an attribute-based access control model using Hyperledger Fabric blockchain (ABAC-HLFBC) is proposed in this paper. By adopting ABAC, it is no longer to create access control lists (ACLs) or assign roles to all system users. Instead, ABAC grants access based on the attributes presented by the target. No one is permitted access unless he/she possesses sufficient attributes that correspond to the access policy. The Hyperledger Fabric Raft consensus mechanism has been used to verify the transaction on the proposed model because it has a demanding feature for faster and less complicated consensus in comparison to the Kafka ordering service. To evaluate the proposed model, it has been tested against the most recent previous work, called fabric-iot model. The proposed model has been tested and evaluated in two parts. The first part tests the cost time using a client test program written in Golang. The second part tests the latency and throughput using the Hyperledger Caliper benchmark tool. Results show that the proposed model efficiently outperforms the previous work in terms of the performance metrics mentioned above.
Methylated RNA Immunoprecipitation Sequencing Reveals the m6A Landscape in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xi , Wu Jie , Zhang Leyu , Zhao Wei , Deng Jiayin
Published: July 2022

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common epigenetic modification existing in eukaryocyte transcripts. However, genes related to m6A modification in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are still unclear. Here, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-Seq) was performed to map the m6A landscape in OSCC and corresponding controls. The m6A peaks are always distributed in the junction of the 3

′

-untranslated regions (3

′

-UTRs) and the coding sequences (CDS) of mRNAs, as well as the entire genome of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). Furthermore, enrichment analysis showed that differentially methylated genes were significantly enriched in NF-kappa B signaling pathway, Hedgehog signaling pathway, etc. In summary, our findings reveal the landscape of m6A modification on mRNAs and lncRNAs in OSCC, which may provide key clues for the precision-targeted therapy of OSCC.
An Improved Math Word Problem (MWP) Model Using Unified Pretrained Language Model (UniLM) for Pretraining
Authors: Zhang Dongqiu , Li Wenkui
Published: July 2022

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG) are the general methods that support machine understanding of text content. They play a very important role in the text information processing system including recommendation and question and answer systems. There are many researches in the field of NLU such as Bag of words, N-Gram, and neural network language model. These models have achieved a good performance in NLU and NLG tasks. However, since they require lots of training data, it is difficult to obtain rich data in practical applications. Thus, pretraining becomes important. This paper proposes a semisupervised way to deal with math word problem (MWP) tasks using unsupervised pretraining and supervised tuning methods, which are based on the Unified pretrained Language Model (UniLM). The proposed model requires fewer training data than traditional models since it uses model parameters of tasks that have been learned before to initialize the model parameters of new tasks. In this way, old knowledge helps new models successfully perform new tasks from old experiences instead of from scratch. Moreover, in order to help the decoder make accurate predictions, we combine the advantages of AR and AE language models to support one-way, sequence-to-sequence, and two-way predictions. Experiments, carried out on MWP tasks with 20,000+ mathematical questions, show that the improved model outperforms the traditional models with a maximum accuracy of 79.57%. The impact of different experiment parameters is also studied in the paper and we found that a wrong arithmetic order leads to incorrect solution expression generation.
Explainable Artificial Intelligence-Based IoT Device Malware Detection Mechanism Using Image Visualization and Fine-Tuned CNN-Based Transfer Learning Model
Authors: Naeem Hamad , Alshammari Bandar M. , Ullah Farhan
Published: July 2022

Automated malware detection is a prominent issue in the world of network security because of the rising number and complexity of malware threats. It is time-consuming and resource intensive to manually analyze all malware files in an application using traditional malware detection methods. Polymorphism and code obfuscation were created by malware authors to bypass the standard signature-based detection methods used by antivirus vendors. Malware detection using deep learning (DL) approaches has recently been implemented in an effort to address this problem. This study compares the detection of IoT device malware using three current state-of-the-art CNN models that have been pretrained. Large-scale learning performance using GNB, SVM, DT, LR, K-NN, and ensemble classifiers with CNN models is also included in the results. In light of the findings, a pretrained Inception-v3 CNN-based transfer learned model with fine-tuned strategy is proposed to identify IoT device malware by utilizing color image malware display of android Dalvik Executable File (DEX). Inception-v3 retrieves the malware’s most important features. After that, a global max-pooling layer is applied, and a SoftMax classifier is used to classify the features. Finally, gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) along the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) is used to understand the overall performance of the proposed method. The proposed method achieved an accuracy of 98.5% and 91%, respectively, in the binary and multiclass prediction of malware images from IoT devices, exceeding the comparison methods in different evaluation parameters.
25‐Hydroxyvitamin D Plasma Levels in Natural Populations of Pigmented and Partially Pigmented Land Iguanas from Galápagos (Conolophus spp.)
Authors: Di Giacomo Cristina , Pucillo Leopoldo , Sevilla Christian , Fucci Giorgio , Massoud Renato , Bernardini Sergio , Fraziano Maurizio , Gentile Gabriele
Published: July 2022

We report the first data on 25‐hydroxyvitamin D plasma levels in natural populations of three species of land iguana endemic to the Galápagos Islands (Conolophus marthae, C. subcristatus, and C. pallidus). The pigment is present throughout the whole body in the skin of C. subcristatus and C. pallidus. On the contrary, pigment is not present in the skin of an extended part of the body in C. marthae. The only existing population of C. marthae is syntopic with a population of C. subcristatus, and the two species are closely related. These circumstances would suggest that, under the assumption that the species show a similar basking behavior and in the absence of compensatory mechanisms, lighter pigmentation should favor higher vitamin D levels. Thus, C. marthae, compared with C. subcristatus in Wolf Volcano, could show higher levels of 25(OH)D plasma levels, or equal, if compensatory mechanisms exist. The three species showed levels in the range of average values for healthy iguanas. However, contrary to the expectation, C. marthae consistently exhibited the lowest 25(OH)D plasma levels. We discuss possible factors affecting vitamin concentration and hypothesize that C. marthae may use the habitat to limit exposure to the high UVB irradiation at Wolf Volcano.
Positive Integer Powers of Certain Tridiagonal Matrices and Corresponding Anti-Tridiagonal Matrices
Authors: Beiranvand Mohammad , Kamalvand Mojtaba Ghasemi
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we firstly derive a general expression for the entries of the

m

th (

m
∈
ℕ

) power for two certain types of tridiagonal matrices of arbitrary order. Secondly, we present a method for computing the positive integer powers of the anti-tridiagonal matrix corresponding to these matrices. Also, we give Maple 18 procedures in order to verify our calculations.
Intelligent Control Strategy of Electrohydraulic Drive System for Raising Boring Power Head
Authors: Zhang Jun , Liu Qinghua , Chen Yun , Wang Jiguo , Feng Jinpu , Meng Qingliang , Cao Wei , Tu Wei , Gao Xiaohui
Published: July 2022

The power head is the key part of the rock breaking work of the raise boring machine. Because the power head cannot adjust speed in time with the change in complex rock stratum, it leads to high failure rate, low work efficiency, and even accidents, so it is urgent to improve the controllability of the power head. In this paper, the electrohydraulic coupling mathematical model of the power head is established using the characteristic equations of dynamics and hydraulic components, and the control strategy of the fractional electrohydraulic drive system of the power head is proposed; genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) are used to adjust the parameters of FOPID, so as to improve the control effect of electrohydraulic system. The results show that the step response of WOA-FOPID control strategy is also better than that of genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). It can reach a stable state in 0.02 seconds, and the overshoot is only 0.12137%. The test verifies the correctness of the adaptive control and simulation results of the power head, which can effectively improve the adaptability of the power head to complex coal seams.
Quantification of Pore Size and Movable Fluid Distribution in Zhangjiatan Shale of the Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Xu Jing , Ge Yunjin , He Yonghong , Pu Renhai , Liu Linyu , Du Kefeng , Li Hongjin , He Xiao , Duan Liang
Published: July 2022

The Triassic Zhangjiatan shale in the Ordos basin, recognized as one of most promising shale oil and gas resources in China, is one example of medium-low-maturity lacustrine shale reservoirs wherein the pore network has been proven to be different from those of both conventional and high-maturity marine shale reservoirs. Here, we examine the quantitative characterization of pore size and movable fluid distribution of the Zhangjiatan shale reservoir. Eight shale core plugs were measured in a series of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments to determine the pore structure and pore fluid transport during the processes of centrifuging and heating. The complete pore size distribution was obtained from the

T

2

spectrum by integrating NMR, high-pressure mercury intrusion, and nitrogen gas adsorption. The results show that the movable fluid saturation of Zhangjiatan shale is 19.47–33.02% and the capillary-bound fluid saturation is 14.53–27.62%, whereas the unrecoverable fluid saturation was 43.51–65.26%. The movable fluids are mainly detected in macropores and mesopores with a minimum pore size of 50.5–121.2 nm, while capillary-bound fluids are mainly found in small pores and some mesopores with a minimum size of 25.8–67.5 nm. Almost all unrecoverable fluids are in micropores and small pores. In contrast to high-maturity shale reservoirs, the Zhangjiatan shale shows a poor correlation between total organic carbon content and unrecoverable fluid saturation but a good correlation between clay minerals and unrecoverable fluid saturation, showing that most micropores are associated with clay minerals and the organic matter pores are less developed. This study provides an accurate determination of the pore size distribution and pore fluid typing of Zhangjiatan shale, which is of great significance for the development of high-quality but medium-low-maturity shale reservoirs in China.
The Study on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of AA6061/Snail Shell Composites
Authors: Udoye N.E. , Ezike G.E. , Fayomi O.S.I. , Dirisu J.O.
Published: July 2022

Metal matrix composites are in high demand for various applications in the industrial sector and engineering firms. Therefore, new materials with enhanced mechanical and ecologically favourable characteristics must be designed and produced. This study focuses on the possibility of developing an aluminium matrix composite using agro-waste materials as reinforcement in preference to other industrial chemicals and materials. The morphological analysis carried out on the AA6061 + 15% snail shell at 100 μm showed the formation of homogenous particle size with stepped crystals. The micrographs of the developed composite were obtained using XRD (X-ray diffraction analysis), which indicated the presence of calcium and hydroxyapatite from the snail shell on the aluminium composite. Electrical analysis performed on the developed composite showed an increase in the conductivity from 32.03 Ωm−1 to 34.59 Ωm−1 as the snail shell reinforcements were increased, thus improving the capability of the developed MMC to transfer electricity due to the occurrence of the snail shell particulate within the composite.
Circulating Isovalerylcarnitine and Lung Cancer Risk: Evidence from Mendelian Randomization and Prediagnostic Blood Measurements
Authors: Smith-Byrne Karl , Cerani Agustin , Guida Florence , Zhou Sirui , Agudo Antonio , Aleksandrova Krasimira , Barricarte Aurelio , Barranco Miguel Rodríguez , Bochers Christoph H. , Gram Inger Torhild , Han Jun , Amos Christopher I. , Hung Rayjean J. , Grankvist Kjell , Nøst Therese Haugdhal , Imaz Liher , Chirlaque-López María Dolores , Johansson Mikael , Kaaks Rudolf , Kühn Tilman , Martin Richard M. , McKay James D. , Pala Valeria , Robbins Hilary A. , Sandanger Torkjel M. , Schibli David , Schulze Matthias B. , Travis Ruth C. , Vineis Paolo , Weiderpass Elisabete , Brennan Paul , Johansson Mattias , Richards J. Brent
Published: July 2022

Background:

Tobacco exposure causes 8 of 10 lung cancers, and identifying additional risk factors is challenging due to confounding introduced by smoking in traditional observational studies.

Materials and Methods:

We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to screen 207 metabolites for their role in lung cancer predisposition using independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of blood metabolite levels (n = 7,824) and lung cancer risk (n = 29,266 cases/56,450 controls). A nested case–control study (656 cases and 1,296 matched controls) was subsequently performed using prediagnostic blood samples to validate MR association with lung cancer incidence data from population-based cohorts (EPIC and NSHDS).

Results:

An MR-based scan of 207 circulating metabolites for lung cancer risk identified that blood isovalerylcarnitine (IVC) was associated with a decreased odds of lung cancer after accounting for multiple testing (log10-OR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.29–0.63). Molar measurement of IVC in prediagnostic blood found similar results (log10-OR = 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21–0.72). Results were consistent across lung cancer subtypes.

Conclusions:

Independent lines of evidence support an inverse association of elevated circulating IVC with lung cancer risk through a novel methodologic approach that integrates genetic and traditional epidemiology to efficiently identify novel cancer biomarkers.

Impact:

Our results find compelling evidence in favor of a protective role for a circulating metabolite, IVC, in lung cancer etiology. From the treatment of a Mendelian disease, isovaleric acidemia, we know that circulating IVC is modifiable through a restricted protein diet or glycine and L-carnatine supplementation. IVC may represent a modifiable and inversely associated biomarker for lung cancer.
Facts and Hopes in Immunotherapy of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Bockorny Bruno , Grossman Joseph E. , Hidalgo Manuel
Published: July 2022

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most challenging cancers to treat. For patients with advanced and metastatic disease, chemotherapy has yielded only modest incremental benefits, which are not durable. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of other solid tumors by leading to cures where none existed only a decade ago, yet it has made few inroads with PDAC. A host of trials with promising preclinical data have failed, except for in a small minority of patients with selected biomarkers. There is, however, a glimmer of hope, which we seek to cultivate. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the understanding of the uniquely immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in PDAC, learnings from completed trials of checkpoint inhibitors, TME modifiers, cellular and vaccine therapies, oncolytic viruses, and other novel approaches. We go on to discuss our expectations for improved preclinical models of immunotherapy in PDAC, new approaches to modifying the TME including the myeloid compartment, and emerging biomarkers to better select patients who may benefit from immunotherapy. We also discuss improvements in clinical trial design specific to immunotherapy that will help us better measure success when we find it. Finally, we discuss the urgent imperative to better design and execute bold, but rational, combination trials of novel agents designed to cure patients with PDAC.
Statistical Considerations for Analyses of Time-To-Event Endpoints in Oncology Clinical Trials: Illustrations with CAR-T Immunotherapy Studies
Authors: Li Yimei , Hwang Wei-Ting , Maude Shannon L. , Teachey David T. , Frey Noelle V. , Myers Regina M. , Barz Leahy Allison , Liu Hongyan , Porter David L. , Grupp Stephan A. , Shaw Pamela A.
Published: July 2022

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is an exciting development in the field of cancer immunology and has received a lot of interest in recent years. Many time-to-event (TTE) endpoints related to relapse, disease progression, and remission are analyzed in CAR-T studies to assess treatment efficacy. Definitions of these TTE endpoints are not always consistent, even for the same outcomes (e.g., progression-free survival), which often stems from analysis choices regarding which events to consider as part of the composite endpoint, censoring or competing risk in the analysis. Subsequent therapies such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are common but are not treated the same in different studies. Standard survival analysis methods are commonly applied to TTE analyses but often without full consideration of the assumptions inherent in the chosen analysis. We highlight two important issues of TTE analysis that arise in CAR-T studies, as well as in other settings in oncology: the handling of competing risks and assessing the association between a time-varying (post-infusion) exposure and the TTE outcome. We review existing analytical methods, including the cumulative incidence function and regression models for analysis of competing risks, and landmark and time-varying covariate analysis for analysis of post-infusion exposures. We clarify the scientific questions that the different analytical approaches address and illustrate how the application of an inappropriate method could lead to different results using data from multiple published CAR-T studies. Codes for implementing these methods in standard statistical software are provided.
Pensar a lusofonia: o diálogo sul-sul
Authors: Nascimento Josyane Malta
Published: July 2022

A ideia da lusofonia tem origem com o advento da expansão marítima portuguesa e, desde então, passou por diferentes compreensões. O imaginário que enreda a noção de lusofonia agrega povos culturalmente diversos, sobretudo quando pensamos na multiplicidade étnica das nações africanas que foram colônias de Portugal. Após as independências políticas desses países, fez-se necessário repensar o conceito a partir de uma perspectiva descolonizadora. Nesse sentido, o artigo traz essa problematização, refletindo acerca do protagonismo do diálogo sul-sul para a emancipação também  literária dos países africanos de língua portuguesa. Destacamos na discussão a tese de doutorado do escritor brasileiro Gramiro de Matos sobre a importância da literatura brasileira para as africanas, como influência libertadora.
O legado de Amílcar Cabral e a voz das mulheres no futuro africano: reflexões a partir do filme Nha fala do Bissau-Guineense Flora Gomes.
Authors: Gigante Matteo
Published: July 2022

O filme Nha Fala apresenta um presente e um futuro de esperança para a África, sobretudo para a sua população feminina. Apesar da laboriosidade e da competência de muitas, as mulheres são demasiadas vezes menosprezadas por uma sociedade marcadamente patriarcal. Interpretando o legado de Cabral, este filme mostra possibilidades de luta dentro de um sistema social que parece ter perdido os seus valores revolucionários, renegociando, através do raciocínio, vínculos com uma tradição nem sempre aliada ao progresso.
As estratégias de consagração literária de António Botto
Authors: Paula Neto Oscar José de
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo investiga a busca de legitimidade do poeta português António Botto mediante a análise das estratégias empreendidas por ele para se autopromover enquanto escritor de sucesso. Assim, através da pesquisa na imprensa brasileira, refletimos acerca da repercussão de sua estadia no Brasil (1947-1959), pois a travessia transatlântica representou para o poeta a possibilidade de retomar o prestígio de escritor reconhecido, lugar que que já declinava no círculo literário português. Para tanto, avaliamos os esforços de Botto na construção de sua própria trajetória literária, em que continuamente mesclou dados reais com fatos imaginados, revelando uma grande capacidade de autoinvenção.
À revelia do padecimento afrodescendente e da antinegritude: notas de um edifício conceitual sobre o bem-estar negro
Authors: Bento Oluwa Seyi Salles
Published: July 2022

Este artigo objetiva analisar conceitos criados para compreender a vida e a arte negras. Examinamos, inicialmente, alguns aparatos teórico-críticos que concebem o padecimento como estruturante da experiência social e da produção artística de pessoas negras. A seguir, refletimos sobre outros aparatos que, na contramão dos primeiros, evocam a possibilidade de bem-estar da comunidade negra, social e ficcionalmente.
Mwangolé: a música angolana de intervenção como arquivo memorial e código poético
Authors: Negro Francesca
Published: July 2022

O artigo pretende trazer à superfície alguns elementos da poética da música de intervenção angolana entre os anos 1950-1970, sublinhando a ligação entre poesia e produção musical no período em análise, à luz do respetivo contexto sociopolítico. Apresentam-se aqui alguns textos de músicas em kimbundu que nunca tinham circulado em português, cujas caraterísticas linguísticas e retóricas revelam temas e estruturas que influenciaram a evolução da música angolana até os dias de hoje. Sublinha-se ainda o papel da música de intervenção enquanto principal Lugar de cultura (BHABHA) no processo de passagem da sociedade colonial ao contexto pós-colonial e na definição identitária da nação angolana.
Novas representações literárias do amor entre mulheres como projeto político
Authors: Santos Claudiana Gois dos
Published: July 2022

Ao pensar a enunciação do amor, faz-se importante notar como e a quais personagens literários tal comunicação costuma ser atribuída. O discurso amoroso na literatura foi geralmente enunciado por personagens masculinos e brancos. A lacuna em relação ao discurso amoroso feito por personagens femininas torna-se maior quando são personagens negras e lésbicas. No presente artigo busca-se analisar como noções de amor como indefinível, inexplicável e incontrolável se repetem no campo da poesia e da prosa e como textos com recorte de gênero, orientação sexual e raça podem modificar a enunciação do amor para algumas personagens. Para isso será analisado o poema “Lundu”, (2017) do livro homônimo de Tatiana Nascimento, em contraste com outros textos de nossa literatura.
Saudosa maloca e os deserdados de dois mundos: aspectos do imaginário italiano em um clássico do samba brasileiro
Authors: Monteiro Ricardo Nogueira de Castro
Published: July 2022

Pelo menos duas canções italianas de peso apresentam aproximações com relação a Saudosa Maloca (1951): Casetta de Trastevere (1931) e Picón, dàgghe cianìn (1957). Compartilhando diversas estruturas narrativas e discursivas, sua similaridade contrasta com o afastamento de sambas de época e temática próximas como A favela vai abaixo (1928) e Praça onze (1942). Conclui-se que a composição expressa, dentro de uma estética brasileira, um drama universal apresentado dentro de uma perspectiva que segue de perto cânones solidamente consolidados dentro do imaginário italiano, evidenciando marcas daquela ancestralidade na obra de seu autor para muito além da superficialidade de algumas pontuais escolhas lexicais.
Samba, Nga Ndreza e Ana Olímpia da literatura colonial e nacional a uma poética da incomunicabilidade
Authors: Marques Pedro
Published: July 2022

Nação Crioula, de José Eduardo Agualusa, é, antes de mais, uma afirmação de cariz metaliterário sobre o valor da literatura enquanto forma de comunicação e enquanto ferramenta para uma resposta ética aos traumas da história. Uma leitura paralela de Nga Muturi de Alfredo Troni e de “Samba” de Castro Soromenho permitir-nos-á identificar as diferenças de perspetiva introduzidas pela literatura pós-moderna relativamente à subjetividade do eu, o poder da memória, e às potencialidades e falhas da literatura como sistema de produção de significado e comunicação.
Esse cabelo, de Djaimilia Pereira de Almeida, e Ponciá Vicêncio, de Conceição Evaristo: diálogos afro-transatlânticos
Authors: Azara Michel Mingote Ferreira de
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo intitulado “Esse cabelo, de Djaimilia Pereira de Almeida, e Ponciá Vicêncio, de Conceição Evaristo: diálogos afro-transatlânticos” abordará, em perspectiva comparada, as duas obras acima citadas, considerando aquilo que nomeamos de uma “poética do desabrigo”. A configuração da formação transcultural e transnacional do Atlântico negro (Gilroy) alicerceará a nossa leitura, que também levará em consideração diversos pensadores da diáspora negra, tais como Achille Mbembe e Édouard Glissant. Consideramos que as duas obras giram em torno de alguns tropos como o exílio, a errância, a migração, o deslocamento, a desterritorialização, o trânsito contínuo e o desenraizamento.
Calcineurin Controls Hypothalamic NMDA Receptor Activity and Sympathetic Outflow
Authors: Zhou Jing-Jing , Shao Jian-Ying , Chen Shao-Rui , Pan Hui-Lin
Published: July 2022

Rationale:

Hypertension is a common and serious adverse effect of calcineurin inhibitors, including cyclosporine and tacrolimus (FK506). Although increased sympathetic nerve discharges are associated with calcineurin inhibitor–induced hypertension, the sources of excess sympathetic outflow and underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Calcineurin (protein phosphatase-2B) is broadly expressed in the brain, including the paraventricular nuclear (PVN) of the hypothalamus, which is critically involved in regulating sympathetic vasomotor tone.

Objective:

We determined whether prolonged treatment with the calcineurin inhibitor causes elevated sympathetic output and persistent hypertension by potentiating synaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activity in the PVN.

Methods and Results:

Telemetry recordings showed that systemic administration of FK506 (3 mg/kg per day) for 14 days caused a gradual and profound increase in arterial blood pressure in rats, which lasted at least 7 days after discontinuing FK506 treatment. Correspondingly, systemic treatment with FK506 markedly reduced calcineurin activity in the PVN and circumventricular organs, but not rostral ventrolateral medulla, and increased the phosphorylation level and synaptic trafficking of NMDA receptors in the PVN. Immunocytochemistry labeling showed that calcineurin was expressed in presympathetic neurons in the PVN. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in brain slices revealed that treatment with FK506 increased baseline firing activity of PVN presympathetic neurons; this increase was blocked by the NMDA or α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor antagonist. Also, treatment with FK506 markedly increased presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDA receptor activity of PVN presympathetic neurons. Furthermore, microinjection of the NMDA or α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor antagonist into the PVN of anesthetized rats preferentially attenuated renal sympathetic nerve discharges and blood pressure elevated by FK506 treatment. In addition, systemic administration of memantine, a clinically used NMDA receptor antagonist, effectively attenuated FK506 treatment–induced hypertension in conscious rats.

Conclusions:

Our findings reveal that normal calcineurin activity in the PVN constitutively restricts sympathetic vasomotor tone via suppressing NMDA receptor activity, which may be targeted for treating calcineurin inhibitor–induced hypertension.
High Fluid Shear Stress Inhibits Cytokine‐Driven Smad2/3 Activation in Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Deng Hanqiang , Schwartz Martin A.
Published: July 2022

Background

Atherosclerosis occurs preferentially in regions of low and disturbed fluid shear stress (FSS) but is limited in regions of high laminar FSS as a result of inhibition of endothelial inflammatory pathways. Recent work has identified endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) driven by TGFβ2 (transforming growth factor beta 2)–Smad2/3 (mothers against decapentaplegic) signaling as a critical component of atherogenesis. However, interactions between FSS and EndMT in this context have not been investigated.

Methods and Results

Endothelial cells were treated with TGFβ2 and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor alpha) with or without high FSS in a parallel plate flow chamber. Smad2/3 nuclear translocation and target gene expression, assayed by immunofluorescence and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, revealed that high FSS blocked the Smad2/3‐EndMT pathway. In vivo, mice were injected with TGFβ2 and inflammatory cytokines, then regions of the aorta under low versus high FSS were examined. TGFβ2 and inflammatory cytokine treatment stimulated Smad2/3 nuclear translocation and target gene expression predominantly in regions of low FSS with little effect in regions of high FSS.

Conclusions

High FSS inhibits endothelial Smad2/3 activation and EndMT in response to inflammatory mediators, resulting in selective EndMT at athero‐susceptible, low FSS regions of arteries.
Description of Porphyrosela arachisella sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), the first report of Lithocolletinae for Brazil
Authors: FOCHEZATO JÚLIA , BRITO ROSÂNGELA , GONÇALVES GISLENE L. , SPECHT ALEXANDRE , BECKER VITOR O. , MOREIRA GILSON R.P.
Published: July 2022

During a recent survey of leaf-mining microlepidoptera in the Cerrado biome, mines of an undescribed Porphyrosela Braun (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae: Lithocolletinae) were found associated with the forage peanut, Arachis pintoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg. (Fabaceae). Consequently, adults, immature stages and the leaf mine of Porphyrosela arachisella sp. nov. are herein described based on light and scanning electron microscopy. A preliminary analysis of DNA barcode sequences including putative members of other lithocolletine species and all BINs (Barcode Index Numbers) available for Porphyrosela supports P. arachisella as an independent cluster, with 8 to 11% divergence. Its nearest neighbour was the cluster formed by three BINs (BOLD: ADT2137, BOLD: AAG1161 and BOLD: ADU9985) that includes specimens from Australia, Vietnam and Bangladesh. This is the first report of a lithocolletine gracillariid for Brazil, and the third species recognized for the genus in the Neotropical region.
Two new species of Setostylus Matile, 1990 (Diptera: Keroplatidae) from China
Authors: QI LEI , HUANG JUNHAO , WU HONG , WANG QINGYUN
Published: July 2022

In this study, two new species of Setostylus (Diptera: Keroplatidae: Keroplatinae), S. tridigitus sp. n. and S. triumphus sp. n. are described, with a key to all the species of the genus. Male habitus and images of diagnostic morphological characteristics are provided. Status of these two new species is also supported by the genetic distances and neighbor-joining (NJ) tree in the DNA barcode analysis.
Characterization and Optimization of a Spectral Window for Direct Gaseous Uranium Hexafluoride Enrichment Assay Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Authors: Chan George C. Y. , Martin Leigh R. , Russo Richard E.
Published: July 2022

Through a systematic scanning of 235U and 238U emission lines between 280 nm and 745 nm, the optimal emission line for direct gaseous uranium hexafluoride (UF6) enrichment assay using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was found. Screening for spectral features that are potentially useful for U isotopic analysis was gauged from the magnitude of the 235U–238U isotopic shift and the signal-to-background ratio of the emission line through a parameter termed ΔSBR 235U–238U. The ΔSBR spectrum shows peaks at wavelength positions where there are strong lines with significant 235U–238U shifts. The screening identified 13 spectral-window candidates, which were down selected based on their overall accuracy in predicting the 235U enrichment of three UF6 samples of natural (0.720 atom% 235U) and low-enriched (4.675 atom% and 9.157 atom% 235U) grades. The U(I) 646.498 nm emission line, with a determined 235U–238U isotopic shift of −17.7 pm, was found to be the optimal spectral window for direct UF6 enrichment assay. The root mean square error for enrichment assays on the three natural and low-enriched UF6 samples, with each sample measured in six replicates, was 0.31% in absolute 235U content. Each measurement comprised LIBS signals accumulated from 3000 laser shots. The analytical bias and precision were better than 0.5% and 0.3%, respectively, in absolute [235U/(235U + 238U)] ratios. Specific for the two low-enriched UF6 samples, the relative standard deviations from six replicated measurements were around 2%.
The Relationship Between Psychedelic Use, Mystical Experiences, and Pro-Environmental Behaviors
Authors: Paterniti Kelly , Bright Stephen , Gringart Eyal
Published: July 2022

Expanding on the work of Forstmann and Sagioglou, this study investigated the differences in personality and pro-environmental behavior (PEB) as a function of psychedelic-occasioned mystical experiences. A sample of 240 participants with prior psychedelic experience completed an online survey. Data were collected on participants’ psychedelic-occasioned mystical states, personality, and self-reported PEB. A measure of behavioral PEB was also included (Charity Task). The mean scores on self-reported PEB, openness and agreeableness of participants who met the criteria for a “complete” mystical state, were significantly higher than those who did not. Specifically, those who experienced a mystical state scored higher on the PEB types “eco-shopping and eating” and “one-off domestic conservation actions.” Participants who demonstrated PEB in the Charity Task scored higher on self-reported PEB than those who did not, supporting the task’s validity. Findings suggest that mystical experiences influence PEB. Future research with experimental designs could further illuminate potential causal relationships.
Chinese Preservice Teachers’ Perspectives of Mentoring Relationships in an International Learning Partnership
Authors: Parker Lana , Xu Shijing , Chi Chenkai
Published: July 2022

Mentoring is an essential fixture of teacher education. With growing opportunities for international learning exchanges, there is a need to better understand how cross-cultural mentoring can be characterized by reciprocal learning. This study investigated mentee perceptions of the mentoring relationship in an international, cross-cultural teacher education exchange. We conducted research among 19 Chinese preservice teachers who participated in an international teacher education exchange program, exploring their perspectives on the cross-cultural mentoring relationship and mutual learning. Our findings suggest that learning outcomes are improved in a mentoring relationship when there are strong relational ties, opportunities for reciprocal learning, and a greater awareness of cultural complexity. We contend that there is value in supporting the mentoring relationship directly, which has implications for both international exchanges and teacher education programs.
The Effect of Using Goggles and Snorkel for Aquatic Skills Acquisition in Youth Learn-to-Swim Programs
Authors: Misimi Fatmir , Kajtna Tanja , Kapus Jernej
Published: July 2022

Our purpose in this study was to examine the effects of using goggles and snorkel during a learn-to-swim program on the aquatic skills of young non-swimmers with fear of water. 40 children volunteered to participate in the study and were randomly divided into two groups: one that used goggles and snorkel (GS) and one that did not (NGS). After four weeks (five sessions per week) of learn-to-swim interventions, both groups improved aquatic skills, but improvements in water entry, back gliding, and prone swimming were greater for the GS than for the NGS group. In contrast, the intervention effect on a blowing bubbles skill was smaller for the GS than for the NGS group. Thus, the use of goggles appears to be more beneficial in a learn to swim program for young swimmers with a fear of water than not using goggles for all lessons other than blowing bubbles.
Riding the Yellow School Bus: Equity in bus transportation across districts, schools, and students
Authors: Weinstein Meryle , Cordes Sarah A. , Rick Christopher , Schwartz Amy Ellen
Published: July 2022

While the yellow school bus is emblematic of American education, there is variation in bus service across the country. Millions of students rely on the bus, making transportation an essential part of a student’s educational experience. Thus, equity in transportation access is a key component of educational equity. Using national district-level data and New York City student-level data, we examine equity in transportation finance and bus provision. Our findings indicate significant racial and ethnic disparities, both nationally and in NYC. These results may help schools and districts design bus services to level the playing field and enhance student outcomes.
Engendering Pro-Sustainable Performance Through a Multi-Layered Gender Diversity Criterion: Evidence From the Hospitality and Tourism Sector
Authors: Gerged Ali Meftah , Tran Mi , Beddewela Eshani S.
Published: July 2022

This study seeks to examine the influence of multi-layered gender diversity mechanisms on firms’ decision to engage in pro-sustainable performance in the context of Hospitality and Tourism (H&T) firms worldwide. Using Powell’s Panel Quantile Regression (PQR) model, this paper finds that females on boards and sub-boards tend to display a more communal, participative, and democratic leadership style, demonstrating greater responsibilities toward stakeholders’ concerns and engaging with sustainability strategies to make a positive contribution to society. Our findings also reaffirm that women on the boards of H&T firms are more community-oriented and philanthropically driven than women in senior management positions who can be perceived as being profit-oriented rather than stakeholder-oriented as managers. Our results offer implications for policymakers and practitioners, and we suggest several avenues for future studies that could build upon our research.
A multi-agent deep reinforcement learning method for co2 flooding rates optimization
Authors: Rongtao Li , Liao Xinwei , Wang Xiaoyan , Zhang Yang , Mu Lingyu , Dong Peng , Tang Kang
Published: July 2022

The CO2 flooding with superior displacement efficiency and high injectivity is an efficient enhanced oil recovery method. However, due to the unfavorable sweep efficiency particularly for strong heterogeneous reservoirs and immiscible flooding, the oil recovery on site is not all favorable. Multi-well rates optimization is one of common measures improving sweep efficiency with easy implement and low cost There are many rates optimization methods have been proposed by now. In this research, we first introduced the multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient (MADDPG) algorithm to the multi-well rates optimization of CO2 flooding, and the new rates optimization method was built. The MADDPG adopts the centralized training and decentralized execution algorithm framework, and overcomes the defect that the single-agent reinforcement learning cannot deal the multi-well rates optimization well and also avoids the dimensional disaster problems. We treated each well as an agent, and each agent has its own reward, state and action. We chose the net present value (NPV) as the reward, the injection-production rate change range as the action element, and the production time, the bottom hole pressure, the oil production rate, and the gas-oil ratio as the state elements. The simulation results show that the optimal case obviously improves the NPV compared with the base case, and the simulation case with strong heterogeneity and immiscible flooding can also converge to the optimal target, which prove the effectiveness and robustness of the rates optimization method respectively. This research provides recommendations that improving the oil recovery by increasing the sweep efficiency to increase the income, and reducing the invalid CO2 injection to decrease the cost can achieve the optimal NPV. Reservoir heterogeneity seriously impairs the rates optimization performance, and rates optimization makes little difference to extreme strong interlayer heterogeneity for serious interlayer influence.