bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasible ways of future development of Oil and Gas Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in cooperation with Russian gas companies
Authors: Zakirov E.S.
Published: December 2023

At the 20th Anniversary International Forum of the Russian Gas Society “The Gas of Russia 2022 – Turn to the East” held in December 2022, many ideas were expressed about the current state of the gas market. However, no approach at all for the further development of the country’s gas industry was put forward. This article is polemical, but sets out one possible direction for the competitive development of Russia’s oil and gas markets. To a certain extent, the article is a review of innovative technologies by Oil and Gas Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences aimed at solving everyday problems of gas producing companies at various fields. It offers a set of already tested technologies to significantly reduce operating costs and improve the efficiency of gas field development in various PT conditions.
Hard-to-recover reserves of gas, liquid petroleum hydrocarbons, bituminous components, rare, rare-earth and noble metals of the gas-saturated part of oil and gas condensate and gas condensate fields at the late stage of development
Authors: Dmitrievsky  , Skibitskaya N.A. , Gafarov N.A. , Burkhanova I.O. , Bolshakov M.N. , Domanova E.G. , Surnachev D.V. , Marutyan O.O. , Pugo T.A.
Published: December 2023

Many oil and gas condensate and gas condensate fields discovered in the ‘60s and ‘70s of the last century are now at the late stage of development. Research of the Laboratory for Hard-to-Recover Hydrocarbon Reserves of the Oil and Gas Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences has been devoted to justify an increase in the resource potential and attain a maximum of recovery efficiency for long-developed fields using the evidence from the Orenburg and the Vuktyl oil and gas condensate fields. The involvement of the unique reserves of hard-to-recover oil will help to enhance declining production in old oil and gas producing regions.
Repositioning of Design Thinking in Science Education Research: Systematical Review
Authors: Hasbiyati Haning , Sudarti Sudarti , Putra Pramudya Dwi Aristya
Published: December 2023

21st century science learning is design-based learning that can be applied with design thinking. Design Thinking in science education needs to be repositioned so that all stages can be applied to science learning. A more in-depth review of design thinking research needs to be carried out to identify research opportunities. The aim of this research is to determine the trends and focus of design thinking research, the fields of study and competencies measured by researchers in design thinking research, as well as the types of design thinking chosen by researchers. The method used in this research uses bibliometric analysis and literature review. The publications are from the last 10 years (2013-2022) from the Crossref, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. Based on these results, it was concluded that there will be an increase in the trend of design thinking research in 2022. Eight design thinking research focuses were found with themes that are rarely researched. The field of design thinking research that is most widely applied is in the field of education, where the most researched competency is the design thinking process, but in the field of science education it is still not applied. There is a need to reposition every aspect of design thinking in science learning
O‘ZBEK TILIDA TASVIRIY SO‘ZLARNING SO‘Z TURKUMLARI SHAKLLANISHIDAGI O‘RNI
Authors: NORMUMINOV Şerzod
Published: December 2023

Maqolada turkiy tillardagi tasviriy so‘zlarning ko‘psonliligi va ko‘p funksionalligi bilan bu so‘z turkumining ot va fe’l qatoridagi lingvistik salohiyatga ega ekanligi tufayli ular alohida tipdagi mustaqil so‘z turkumi sifatida bu turkumlarga yaqin turishi, tasviriy so‘zlar til taraqqiyotining ibtidosida, ism va fe’l turkumlari paydo bo‘lishi bilan bir paytda shakllanganligi haqida fikrlar bildiriladi. Shuningdek, til taraqqiyotining keyingi bosqichlarida tasviriy so‘zlar ko‘paya borgani hamda hozir o‘zbekcha va turkcha kabi turkiy tillarda borliqdagi deyarli barcha narsa-hodisa va obrazga hamda tildagi qariyb barcha ot va fe’llarga taqlidan tasviriy so‘z yasash imkoniyati vujudga kelganligi dalillanishiga harakat qilinadi.
The effect of body mass index and waist circumference on selected important seminal parameters
Authors: Don Auruddha Lanka Munasinghe  , Bandumathee Weerasooriya  , Janitha Liyanage  , Hema Padmini Wakkumbura  , Mattaka Gamage Rumesh kasun Manohara
Published: December 2023

A cross sectional study was carried out in a fertility clinic of Sri Lanka in 2018 to find the relationship of body mass index and waist circumference with seminal parameters such as volume, count, motility and morphology of the male with fertility issues (n=105). The male infertility which can cause psychosocial issues, is rising in the modern society. Most of the etiologies of male infertility are unknown and could be biological in origin. Thus, the study was launched to achieve the target up to a certain extent. Every male who visited the clinic for fertility issues was personally evaluated on consent to gather the anthropometric and demographic data. Further, the semen samples of them were also collected for semen analysis. The effect of obesity (BMI and waist circumference wise) on each seminal parameter was tested separately with two statistical tests such as Spearman correlation and Wilcoxon signed rank test and found to have no significant effect from either BMI or waist circumference hence obesity on seminal parameters such as count, volume motility and morphology. Perhaps this could be due to finding of a smaller number of individuals who were in obese and extreme obese situations.
Mollusks diversity to support mangrove tourism attractions in the mangrove forest of Nusa Lembongan, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: I Ketut Ginantra  , I Ketut Sundra
Published: December 2023

Research on the diversity of molluscs has been carried out in the mangrove forest of Nusa Lembongan. The purpose of this study was to determine the species of mollusks that interact in the mangrove habitat, to support a scientific interpretation of the existence of mollusks in the mangrove forest of Nusa Lembongan. The research was conducted in seven mangrove forest sites, from April to June 2022 using the quadratic method. At each research site determined five sampling squares. Identification of mollusk species based on morphological characters (shape, size, shell texture and shell color). The abundance of each species was calculated based on the number of individuals per unit area (m2). The diversity of molluscs was calculated using the Shanon-Wiener diversity index. The results showed that 24 species were found in the mangrove forest of Nusa Lembongan, 19 species from the gastropod class and 5 species from the bivalves class. Several species that were quite dominant were the mangrove periwinkle Littoria scabra, with a density of 28.4 individuals/5 m2, sulcate swamp Terebralia sulcata, a density of 10.2 individuals/5m2, mud creeper Cerithidea obtusa, with a density of 7.2 individuals/5m2. The diversity of mollusks species in the mangrove area of Nusa Lembongan is included in the moderate category with a diversity index of 2.79 and an evenness index of 0.88. Based on the diversity index, it shows that the condition of mangroves in Nusa Lembongan is still relatively good or steady. The diversity of mollusks, the abundance of each species, the unique characteristics of each species, and the presence of mollusks in the substrate or mangrove vegetation are scientific interpretations and attractive attractions for eco-friendly mangrove tours.
Ideal/balance point clustering algorithm
Authors: Sathya Narayanan
Published: December 2023

Generally clustering is one of the largest used ML techniques to group data points of similar type together. Mostly while grouping data points based upon few popular traditional clustering algorithms like KNN, K-means etc. only the magnitudes of those data points are considered. The deviation of those data points from a particular point said to be the center point or the balance point of the entire dataset is not considered that much, but Here in this Ideal Balance Point clustering algorithm the degree of deviation of all the data points from the balance point is primarily considered. By using such a methodology, we may be able to form clusters of data points based on their degrees of deviation from the Ideal Balance Point of the entire dataset. The Ideal Balance Point of the dataset is actually the centroid of the plane on which the datapoints are distributed. Here in the Ideal Balance Point clustering algorithm the user may also manually feed-in the Ideal Balance Point for the dataset based on the requirement or as per the practical idealness of the circumstance and nature of the dataset. Generally, this idea is derived from the theory that an object has all its’ mass equally distributed on the centroid. Hence the plane formed by the distribution of the data points is considered as an object and the centroid of it is assumed to be the point where the entire data points are directed into, but the ideal balance point for the data may also differ as per real life scenario, thus the feature of feeding in the balance point is also given in this Ideal Balance Point clustering algorithm.
Unraveling the genetic diversity and evolution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF)
Authors: Ephraim Motaroki Menge
Published: December 2023

The analysis of genetic differences among arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species has shed light on the genetic diversity and evolution of these fascinating organisms. AMF are essential constituents of land ecosystems because of their mutualistic symbiotic associations with plant roots. Their capability to amplify nutrient absorption, enhance water assimilation, and stimulate overall plant development plays a pivotal function in sustaining thriving ecosystems. By extensively examining the genomes of various AMF classifications, researchers have uncovered their evolutionary connections and gained understanding of the impact of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) on their genetic makeup. This knowledge has not only upgraded our comprehension of the evolutionary past of AMF but has also furnished valuable insights into the mechanisms that govern the symbiotic interactions between fungi and plants. In future studies on AMF genome variance, it is crucial to prioritize functional characterization, understand co-evolutionary dynamics with host plants, uncover mechanisms and implications of HGT, and integrate metagenomic approaches. By identifying the specific genes and genetic variations that contribute to AMF's ability to form mutualistic associations with plants, scientists can gain insights into the underlying mechanisms of this important ecological relationship. Furthermore, through the analysis of genetic divergence in both AMF and their host plants, researchers can elucidate the co-evolutionary dynamics that have shaped their mutualistic symbiosis. Equally, understanding the contribution of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) to AMF genetic diversity can provide insights into the evolutionary history and adaptive abilities of these fungi. Ultimately, the incorporation of metagenomic techniques into future studies on AMF genetic diversity will facilitate a broader understanding of the microorganism populations associated with these fungi. By focusing on these domains, it is possible to advance our understanding of AMF biology and unlock novel opportunities for innovative applications in agriculture and ecosystem management.
Developing novel techniques for efficient Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Inoculum Production
Authors: Ephraim Motaroki Menge
Published: December 2023

The demand for AMF propagules has experienced a surge as a result of their capability to amplify growth and nutrient uptake. This demand has triggered the adoption of contemporary propagule cultivation techniques, as conventional AMF propagation methods often involve extensive labor and time requirements, creating difficulties for large-scale production. The adoption of bioreactors, for example, has become one of the most promising approaches for the substantial cultivation of AMF propagules. Bioreactors offer a promising approach for the large-scale production of AMF propagules, which boost nutrient absorption and plant development. They provide superior yield, cost-effectiveness, and scalability in contrast to conventional methods. Synthetic substrates also provide a regulated environment that enhances optimal growth and development. They can be adjusted to satisfy specific nutrient specifications and promote consistent spore production. Synthetic substrates enable researchers to manipulate concentration and timing, thereby increasing spore yields and preserving non-destructive yield. This approach enables the iterative extraction of spores from the same batch. The prioritization of nutrient composition optimization in bioreactors is crucial for supporting AMF propagule growth and reproduction in future research. For instance, understanding AMF's distinct nutrient requirements can lead to media that is nutrient-rich, increased yields of propagules, and improved interactions with plants. Furthermore, developments in synthetic substrate technology can produce substrates that replicate natural soil environments. This study focused on innovative materials and additives can amplify substrate fertility and stability. Likewise, the careful concentration and timing of application when optimizing growth regulators can have a substantial impact on the production of AMF spores. These advancements can contribute to the sustainable production of AMF propagules, thereby offering advantages to agriculture and ecological restoration initiatives.
Evaluating the impact of land-use change on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) diversity and function
Authors: Ephraim Motaroki Menge
Published: December 2023

The ever-increasing change in land utilization has been acknowledged as a primary factor influencing ecological modifications. These alterations have reignited the interest in understanding the enduring consequences on different soil microorganisms, specifically arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This study investigates the effects of land-use changes (LUCs) on AMF diversity, highlighting the impact of forest degradation, intensified farming approaches, and urban growth on the structure of the AMF community and its mediated services. Research has found that deforestation leads to a decrease in AMF diversity, thereby intensifying the susceptibility of particular species to habitat degradation. The transformation of natural habitats into cultivated landscapes due to agricultural spiraling driven by the need for food production also impacts the diversity of AMF. Urbanization, an expeditiously advancing modification of land usage, has been found to have the potential to cause the fragmentation and degradation of habitats, thus impacting ecosystem benefits of AMF, such as nutrient cycling and water filtration. These changes can have far-reaching consequences for plant communities, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem functioning. Future research should prioritize the development of management strategies, investigating AMF-mediated ecosystem services, and comprehending fundamental mechanisms governing AMF responses to land-use change. This knowledge can guide sustainable land management practices emphasizing AMF diversity and function conservation.
PERAN GURU DALAM MENGATASI KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI SDN ANGSANAH I PALENGAAN PAMEKASAN
Authors: Munawwaroh Maulidatul , Fawaid Ahmad
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini mendiskripsikan tentang peran guru dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika di SDN Angsanah I Palengaan Pamekasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Dalam penelitian ini menghasilkan: Pertama peran guru dalam mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika sangatlah penting. Karena dengan guru melaksanakan perannya sebagai pengajar dan pendidik, motivator, fasilitator, pembimbing, evaluator dan juga menjalankan kompetensi pedagogik, professional, keperibadian dan sosialnya, maka kesulitan-kesulitan yang dialami oleh siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika dapat diatasi dengan baik. Kedua, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terhadap kesulitan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika di SDN Angsanah I Palengaan Pamekasan meliputi faktor internal dan eksternal.
Investigation of Sustainable Disaster Management with Fishbone Method; Hatay Province Example
Authors: DEMİRHAN ARDA Yeliz , SOYLUK Asena
Published: December 2023

Disasters cause great losses to people and the environment around the world. It’s possible to prevent or reduce these losses with disaster management. An effective disaster management system should be implemented in order to reduce all these damages of disasters. It is especially important that this disaster management is sustainable. The earthquakes that took place in Türkiye on February 6 reminded us once again the importance of disaster management. In this study, the stages of disaster management are mentioned. It’s explained how sustainable disaster management can be. Hatay province was chosen as the study area. The fishbone method was used as the method. After the earthquakes, the current situation in Hatay province was determined and the current situation was analyzed with the fishbone method to provide sustainable disaster management. Thanks to the fishbone method, what can be done for sustainable disaster management in Hatay was discussed and suggestions were presented.
Effect of Cage Change Frequency on Perinatal Mortality in C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Wharton Keely N , Walsh Courtney , Bauer-Pisani Tory J , Smith Peter C , Wilson Steven R
Published: December 2023

Perinatal mortality is a common problem in mouse breeding colonies. Few studies have examined the influence of environmental changes on mouse pup survival. In this study, monogamous breeding cages of C57BL/6J mice were set up and randomized into 3 cage change groups: 1) cage change at 8 d after parturition, 2) cage change at 3 d after parturition, or 3) cage change at 3 d after parturition with the addition of a polycarbonate hut in the cage. Pairs were bred to produce a minimum of 4 litters. Pup survival to weaning relative to experimental cage change date, and survival rates after cage change were evaluated. The results revealed no significant differences between experimental groups. The majority of pup loss occurred within the first 24 h after birth for those pups that were alive at birth. Overall, the postpartum day of cage change did not affect the perinatal survival of mouse pups.
Expeditionary activity of A. S. Lukovtsev on the research work “Hunting and fishing terms of the Yakut language”
Authors: Borisova Yuliya Mikhailovna
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study is to identify the terminological potential of the Yakut lexical units selected from unpublished materials resulting from the expeditionary activity of A. S. Lukovtsev, a junior research fellow at the Lexicology and Lexicography Sector of the Institute of Language, Literature and History of the Yakut subsidiary of the Siberian branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in the 1970s. The paper examines the Yakut lexical units belonging to the sphere of hunting and fishing extracted from archival materials to ascertain whether they can be used in the creation of specialized dictionaries. The study is novel in that it is the first to determine the terminological suitability and potential of using the Yakut lexical units belonging to the sphere of hunting and fishing identified by A. S. Lukovtsev. The results have shown that the vocabulary selected from the materials considered is a valuable resource for the development of the terminology of the Sakha language, especially in the sphere of hunting and fishing. The use of the selected lexical units in the compilation of a terminological dictionary of hunting and fishing of the Yakut language will make it possible to convey the specifics of these types of activities within the framework of the culture and traditions of the Sakha people more accurately and to a fuller extent.
The ЦIЫХУХЪУ (MAN) concept in the Adyghe linguistic worldview
Authors: Kodzokova Zareta Valerievna
Published: December 2023

The aim of the research is to identify the ethnospecific features of verbalization of the ЦIЫХУХЪУ (MAN) concept in the Adyghe linguistic worldview. The work is novel in that it is the first to study in a comprehensive manner the ethnospecific representation of the ЦIЫХУХЪУ (MAN) concept in the Kabardian language using the material of the lexical, phraseological, paremiological stock of the modern Kabardian language. The paper analyzes all levels of the language system involved in the implementation of the ethnospecific semantics of the ЦIЫХУХЪУ (MAN) concept in the Adyghe linguistic worldview, in addition, the evaluative semantics of the linguistic units taking part in the formation of the conceptual sphere of the ЦIЫХУХЪУ (MAN) concept is examined. The research findings have shown that in the Adyghe linguistic worldview, the conceptual sphere of the gender lexeme ЦIЫХУХЪУ (MAN) is quite voluminous. There are no special affixes in the language under consideration that serve as an indicator of male professions, the type of men’s activities and men’s appearance. The set expressions of the modern Kabardian language verbalizing the concept under study possess both positive and negative connotations. However, the ethnic lexeme адыгэлI ‘an Adyghe man’ represents only positive semantics.
plataformização das práticas de leitura em lives do Clubinho do King no YouTube
Authors: Da Silva Pochmann Pâmela , Portella Montardo Sandra
Published: December 2023

O estudo, com a temática da plataformização das práticas de leitura no YouTube, tem como objetivo compreender o processo de plataformização das práticas de leitura nas lives do Clubinho do King. Para isso, mobiliza os conceitos de plataformização cultural, influenciadores, YouTube e leitura. A metodologia envolve a análise pelo viés da plataformização em quatro leituras do Clubinho do King e nos comentários feitos pela audiência em duas lives específicas. Os resultados identificam que os aspectos da plataformização afetam como a prática é consumida e divulgada no YouTube, e que funcionalidades como a hashtag, os links de direcionamento externo e o “@” facilitam o manejo pelo produtor cultural e pelos usuários.
O interdito nas telenovelas e as webséries lésbicas brasileiras como produto de transgressão
Authors: Trigueiro Moura Vanessa Paula , Cirne de Azevedo Pereira Lívia
Published: December 2023

As webséries são narrativas seriadas, semelhantes às séries televisuais, que emergem a partir do contexto da cultura da convergência e são produzidas para distribuição na web. Nesse contexto, o artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre o interdito no regime de representação de gênero e sexualidade das telenovelas brasileiras e um debate sobre webséries lésbicas, introduzindo o conceito de fuga aplicado a essas narrativas ficcionais. Parte-se da ideia de que as webséries inauguram novas visibilidades e rompem com padrões pautados pela heteronormatividade. Apresentamos, por fim, o universo dessas produções no Brasil, trazendo a websérie potiguar SEPTO como representante dessas narrativas.
Comparison of The Diagnosis Peculiarities of Familial Tuberculosis
Authors: Duzhyi I.D. , Kyrychenko N.M. , Hlynenko V.V.
Published: December 2023

Objective — to compare the diagnostic features of individuals with family tuberculosis within the context of reorganizing the tuberculosis control service.
Materials and methods. The study involved the analysis of diagnostic results and management of 406 patients within a cluster of family tuberculosis. Among them, 207 patients were identified as the source of tuberculosis (comparison group), and 199 were contacts who contracted the disease from individuals in the comparison group. Patients in the comparison group were examined by family doctors, while contacts were evaluated by phthisiologists.
Results and discussion. Patients in the comparison group served as carriers of pulmonary tuberculosis in 201 (97.1 %) cases and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in 6 (2.9 %) cases. Concurrent illnesses were detected in 114 (55.1 %) individuals. Upon consulting family doctors within the first 5 days of examination, the diagnosis was not established in the comparison group. However, within 20 days, it was verified in 164 (79.2 %) patients. In the main group, pulmonary forms of the disease were observed in 173 (86.9 %) patients, while extrapulmonary forms were present in 26 (13.1 %). Diagnosis was established within 5 days in 94 (47.2 %) individuals and within 10 days in 77 (37.7 %). Overall, within the first 10 days, pulmonary diagnosis was verified in 173 (86.3 %) patients in the main group, as opposed to 18 (8.7 %) in the comparison group, representing a 9.9-fold difference (p < 0.001).
Conclusions. Given that 114 patients in the comparison group had concurrent illnesses over many years, their tuberculosis manifestation was treated as «known» to the patient and the attending physi­cian, leading to a delay in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis by more than 20 days. Patients in the main group sought medical attention by reporting contact with tuberculosis patients, resulting in consultations with phthisiologists and, consequently, a 9.9-fold faster verification of pulmonary tuberculosis. Screening of individuals suspected of tuberculosis should be promptly conducted by phthisiologists.
The use of narrow-band phototherapy with a wavelength of 311 nm in the treatment of patients with parapsoriasis
Authors: Lytynska T.О. , Razdaibiedin S.M. , Ivanov S.V.
Published: December 2023

Parapsoriasis is a heterogeneous group of chronic skin diseases, the clinical manifestations of which are inflammatory spots and/or papules and plaques covered with small lamellar scales. The relevance and medical and social importance of parapsoriasis is due not only to the permanent increase in the number of patients with this pathology, but also to the variety of clinical manifestations of the disease, the increase in severe aggressive course, errors in diagnosis and the lack of effective treatment methods.

Objective — to study the effectiveness and safety of narrow-band phototherapy with a wavelength of 311 nm in the treatment of patients with parapsoriasis.

Materials and methods. 16 patients with parapsoriasis were examined and treated, among whom large plaque was diagnosed in 4 (25 %), small plaque in 4 (25 %), lichenoid chronic in 5 (31.25 %), lichenoid and pustular acute parapsoriasis in 3 (18.75 %) patients. The age of the patients ranged from 19 to 53 years, there were 5 women (31.25 %), 11 men (68.75 %), the duration of the disease was from 6 months to 5 years. The treatment involved the appointment of patients with narrow-band phototherapy with a wavelength of 311 nm using the Dermalight 3000 phototherapy device (Dr. K. Hönle Medizintechnik GmbH, Germany).

Results and discussion. The therapeutic effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by the dynamics and degree of elimination of objective clinical manifestations and subjective signs of the disease, as well as by the long-term results of the treatment and the stability of remission. At the end of the course of treatment, clinical recovery was observed in 12 (75 %) patients, significant improvement in — 4 (25 %) patients. All patients underwent treatment without complications, side reactions and unwanted effects were not registered.

Conclusions. Narrowband phototherapy with a wavelength of 311 nm is an effective and safe method of treating patients with parapsoriasis. Its use is possible both in inpatient and outpatient settings.
Degradation of a Model Mixture of PAHs by Bacterial–Fungal Co-Cultures
Authors: Pozdnyakova Natalia , Muratova Anna , Bondarenkova Anastasia , Turkovskaya Olga
Published: December 2023

Background: Bacteria and fungi are the most important soil organisms owing to their abundance and the key roles they play in the functioning of ecosystems. We examined possible synergistic and antagonistic effects during the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by co-cultures of ascomycetes and a plant-growth-promoting bacterium. Methods: Bacteria and fungi were grown in a liquid nutrient medium supplemented with PAHs. The PAH degradations and the identification of metabolites were checked by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Enzymatic activities were measured spectrophotometrically using test substrates. All experimental treatments were analyzed using Excel 2019 (Microsoft Office 2019, USA). Results: The model system included the plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) Azospirillum brasilense and one of the following ascomycetes: Fusarium oxysporum (plant pathogen), Talaromyces sayulitensis (rhizospheric fungus), Trichoderma viride (plant-growth-promoting fungus, PGPF), and Trichoderma harzianum (PGPF). The notable results are: (1) synergistic effects consisted of more active utilization of the PAH mixture compared to individual compounds, while the PAH mixture was more actively degraded by co-cultures than monocultures; (2) three effects of mutual influence by the studied organisms were also revealed: depressing (F. oxysporum and A. brasilense), partially depressing (T. sayulitensis suppressed the growth of A. brasilense but increased the degradation of anthracene, pyrene, and fluoranthene), and positive effects (A. brasilense and T. viride or T. harzianum); (3) for the first time quinone metabolites of PAH degradation and extracellular oxidase and peroxidase were produced during PAH degradation by T. sayulitensis.Conclusions: The results of the study contribute to the understanding of bacterial–fungal interactions in polluted settings.
A Machine Learning Method for Predicting Biomarkers Associated with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Tong Yanqiu , Tan Zhongle , Wang Pu , Gao Xi
Published: December 2023

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent form of malignant tumors affecting the prostate gland and is frequently diagnosed in males in Western countries. Identifying diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is not only important for screening drug targets but also for understanding their pathways and reducing the cost of experimental verification of PCa. The objective of this study was to identify and validate promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PCa. Methods: This study implemented a machine learning technique to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of PCa using protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. In addition, multi-database validation and literature review were performed to verify the diagnostic biomarkers. To optimize the prognosis of our results, univariate Cox regression analysis was utilized to screen survival-related genes. This study employed stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis to develop a prognostic risk model. Finally, receiver operating characteristic analysis confirmed that these predictive biomarkers demonstrated a substantial level of sensitivity and specificity when predicting the prognostic survival of patients. Results: The hub genes were UBE2C (Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme E2 C), CCNB1 (Cyclin B1), TOP2A (DNA Topoisomerase II Alpha), TPX2 (TPX2 Microtubule Nucleation Factor), CENPM (Centromere Protein M), F5 (Coagulation Factor V), APOE (Apolipoprotein E), NPY (Neuropeptide Y), and TRIM36 (Tripartite Motif Containing 36). All of these hub genes were validated by multiple databases. By validation in these databases, these 10 hub genes were significantly involved in significant pathways. The risk model was constructed by a four-gene-based prognostic factor that included TOP2A, UBE2C, MYL9, and FLNA. Conclusions: The machine learning algorithm combined with PPI networks identified hub genes that can serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PCa. This risk model will enable patients with PCa to be more accurately diagnosed and predict new drugs in clinical trials.
Chemical constituents of Palisota ambigua (Commelinaceae) with their antibacterial activities
Authors: Kuitcha Tonga Simionne Lapoupée , Tangue Talom Benjamin , Matsuete Takongmo Germaine , Tsakem Bienvenu , Kemvoufo Ponou Beaudelaire , Azefack Tapondjou Léon , Tamokou Jean-De-Dieu , Teponno Rémy Bertrand
Published: December 2023

Background: The development and spread of resistance by bacteria to existing antibiotics are becoming more common nowadays. Considering the ethnopharmacological relevance of Palisota ambigua (Commelinaceae), this study was designed to investigate the antibacterial activities of chemical constituents of P. ambigua against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and Klebsiella pneumoniae 109 (isolate)) bacteria. Methods: The plant extracts were prepared by maceration in organic solvents. Chromatography techniques were used for isolation and purification of compounds. Their structures were determined through spectroscopic and spectrometric data, as well as by comparison with literature data. The broth microdilution method was used for antibacterial assays through the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results: The methanolic extract, the ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and (n-butanol) n-BuOH fractions from the aerial parts of P. ambigua exhibited significant to moderate antibacterial activity (MIC = 32 – 512 µg/ml). The chemical investigation of fractions led to the isolation of twelve known compounds namely, N-benzoyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-phenylalaninol acetate (aurantiamide acetate) (1), 20-hydroxyecdysone (2), rubrosterone (3), β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), 3β-hydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one (5), lupeol (6), betulinic acid (7), bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (8), 2,3-di-O-dodecanoyl-sn-glycerol 1-O-(6-O-α-D-galactopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside (9), docosanoic acid (10), pallidol (11), and apigenin (12). All isolates displayed antibacterial activity varying from weak to moderate against the tested pathogenic bacteria. Among the tested compounds, 20-hydroxyecdysone-2,3,22-triacetate (2a) was the most active with a MIC value of 32 µg/mL against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that P. ambigua contains antibacterial isolates, therefore confirming some of its uses in traditional medicine.
Comparative Study on A Novel Local Electroplating Method Using High-Density Paste Versus Traditional Electrolytic Solutions: An Examination of Copper Coating Thickness and Corrosion Resistance on Iron Samples
Authors: Alhachami Firas
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a study on a new method of electroplating, using a high-density paste instead of traditional electrolytic solutions. The method was tested on iron samples, which were coated with copper. The thickness of the copper layer was measured using a leoi-44 experimental ellipsometer, revealing a thickness of 318 nm for the sample treated with the paste method, and 400 nm for the sample treated traditionally. The corrosion resistance of the samples was also tested, showing similar results for both methods. The paper concludes that this new method could be useful for treating specific areas of large or fixed metal objects, such as tanks or pipelines, and for artistic decoration on metals introduction.
Pengembangan profesional dan Karir Guru
Authors: Devi Della Sri
Published: December 2023

Guru merupakan sebuah profesi yang harus terus berkembang. Pengembangan profesional guru merupakan upaya untuk menciptakan proses pembelajaran yang berkualitas.Selain itu, guru juga harus mengembangkan keterampilan mengajarnya. Pengembangan profesional dan karir guru bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas dan kualitas profesional guru dalam mengajar. Pengembangan guru profesional merupakan suatu proses yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kapasitas guru profesional melalui penyesuaian dengan kebutuhan pendidikan.
A Framework with System Prototype for the Implementation of a Real-time Water Quality and Usage Monitoring and Control System
Authors: Syeed Samirah
Published: December 2023

Fresh water is a vital resource for the survival of our population. In countries like Bangladesh where clean water is scarce, overusing or wasting water limits the availability of it for other communities to use for drinking, cleaning, cooking or growing and thus contributes to disease, illness, or agricultural scarcity/starvation. In relation to this the key concern is to develop an efficient, cost effective and real-time system that can ensure the quality and usage of water. This study carried out a longitudinal study to identify the current systems of storage water management, its deficiencies. Then derive the requirements for an automated and real-time water management system that will monitor the water usage, wastage, quality and management in real-time. The designed system will be self regulating and would control the process in semi-automated fashion.
Forgetting Ourselves in Flow: An Active Inference Account of Flow States and How We Experience Ourselves Within Them
Authors: Parvizi-Wayne Darius , Sandved-Smith Lars , Pitliya Riddhi Jain , Limanowski Jakub , Tufft Miles R A , Friston Karl
Published: December 2023

Flow has been described as a state of optimal performance, experienced universally across a broad range of domains: from art to athletics, gaming to writing. However, its phenomenal characteristics can, at first glance, be puzzling. Firstly, individuals in flow supposedly report a loss of self-awareness, even though they perform in a manner which seems to evince their agency and skill. Secondly, flow states are felt to be effortless, despite the prerequisite complexity of the tasks that engender them. In this paper, we unpick these features of flow, as well as others, through the active inference framework, which posits that action and perception are forms of active Bayesian inference directed at sustained self-organisation; i.e., the minimisation of variational free energy. We propose that the phenomenology of flow is rooted in the deployment of high precision weight over i) the expected sensory consequences of action and ii) beliefs about how action will sequentially unfold. This computational mechanism thus draws the embodied cognitive system to minimise the ensuing (i.e., expected) free energy through the exploitation of the pragmatic affordances at hand. Furthermore, given the challenging dynamics the flow-inducing situation presents, attention must be wholly focussed on the unfolding task whilst counterfactual planning is restricted, leading to the attested loss of the sense of self-as-object. This involves the inhibition of both the sense of self as a temporally extended object and higher–order, meta-cognitive forms of self-conceptualisation. Nevertheless, we stress that self-awareness is not entirely lost in flow. Rather, it is pre-reflective and bodily. Our approach to bodily-action-centred phenomenology can be applied to similar facets of seemingly agentive experience beyond canonical flow states, providing insights into the mechanisms of so-called selfless experiences, embodied expertise and wellbeing.
Crafting Solitude: An Intentional Approach to Solitude in Emerging Adults’ Everyday Life
Authors: Adams Mark Alexander , Weinstein Netta
Published: December 2023

Solitude is often stigmatized, yet research suggests that intentional time alone can foster peaceful affect. This research tests 'Solitude Crafting,' a new two-part intervention to reshape emerging adults' experience by de-stigmatizing solitude and guiding meaningful solitary activities. Study 1 (N=120) assessed the intervention's feasibility and impact over five days. Study 2 (N=75) conceptually replicated the design, testing the Solitude Crafting intervention alongside a comparison time point in a nine-day, within-subject design . Results indicated immediate post-intervention improvements in emotional well-being, including a reduction in stress and increased high (e.g., happy) and low arousal (i.e., peaceful) positive affect (Studies 1 and 2), with tentative evidence suggesting sustained benefits (Study 2). Participants attributed increases in emotional well-being to the intervention, highlighting its efficacy. Our findings explore Solitude Crafting as a promising avenue for re framing attitudes towards solitude and enhancing well-being, laying the groundwork for future research on interventions to improve solitude time.
Sequential sampling models in memory
Authors: Osth Adam F , Zhou Jason , Chen Haomin , Sun Jie
Published: December 2023

In the domain of memory research, there are strong relationships between the accuracy and response times (RT) for choices in tasks such as recognition memory and recall. The strongest unification of these variables to come out of cognitive psychology is in the sequential sampling model framework, in which evidence accumulates in a noisy fashion until a threshold for a given response is reached. In this chapter, we provide an overview of these models within the memory domain. We begin with the classical diffusion model along with the motivations for the "full" diffusion model which includes variability in drift rates and starting points and describe how such models can produce interpretable parameter estimates for testing psychological theory. In addition, we summarize the connections between diffusion models and signal detection theory, extensions to confidence, recall, and continuous responses, and how such models can serve as back-end decision models for theories of retrieval.
Group problem solving: Harnessing the Wisdom of the Crowds
Authors: Hills Thomas
Published: December 2023

How can groups best coordinate to solve problems? The answer touches on cultural innovation, including the trajectory of science, technology, and art. If everyone acts independently, different people will explore different solutions, but there is no way to leverage good solutions across the community. If everyone acts in consort, early successes can lead the group down dead ends and stifle exploration. The challenge is one of maintaining innovation but also communicating effective solutions once they are found. When solution spaces are smooth---that is, easy---communication is good. But when solution spaces are rugged---that is, hard---the balance should tilt towards exploration. How can we best achieve this? One answer is to place people in social structures that reduce communication, but maintain connectivity. But there are other solutions that might work better. Algorithms, like simulated annealing are designed to deal with such problems by adjusting collective focus over time, allowing systems to 'cool off' slowly as they home in on solutions. Network science allows us to explore the performance of such solutions on smooth and rugged landscapes, and provides numerous avenues for innovation of its own.
Need Satisfaction in Daily Well-Being: Both Social and Solitude Contexts Contribute to Well-Being
Authors: Adams Mark Alexander , Weinstein Netta
Published: December 2023

Daily need satisfaction for relatedness (social connection), autonomy (volitional self-congruent action), and competence (self-efficacy) fosters well-being, but those findings primarily reflect experiences during social interactions. A three-week daily diary study (N =178) explored psychological need satisfaction in two key everyday contexts: solitude and social. Holding constant the benefits of need-satisfying social contexts, autonomy satisfaction during solitude was key to peaceful affect, whereas competence satisfaction during solitude contributed to lower loneliness; both psychological needs in solitude contributed to evaluating the day as more satisfying. Relatedness-deficiency in solitude did not contribute to loneliness; instead, those who were relatedness-deficient in social interactions felt lonely. Further, solitude need satisfaction compensated for deficient needs in social contexts, reducing loneliness (autonomy and relatedness) and increasing day satisfaction (all needs) when social contexts failed to satisfy needs. Findings suggest daily solitude can shape daily well-being and further attention is needed to understand and ultimately improve everyday solitude.
Inter-trial priming is not sufficient for feature-based distractor suppression
Authors: Ramgir Aniruddha , Lamy Dominique
Published: December 2023

Previous research has showed that observers can learn to suppress a salient distractor (e.g., a unique red item among green ones) when its salient feature (red) remains constant. Several authors suggested that such suppression builds up through repetition of the distractor’s salient feature via intertrial priming. Support for this account primarily comes from the finding that interference from a salient distractor is weaker when this distractor’s salient color repeats on successive trials than when the distractor takes on the previous target’s color. Here, we tested an alternative account, unrelated to distractor suppression, according to which this priming effect reflects increased distraction when the salient distractor shares the previous target’s color rather than decreased distraction when this distractor’s color repeats. To dissociate the two accounts, we randomly selected the distractor and the other search items’ colors from four possible colors. Thus, on successive trials, the distractor and target colors could repeat, be new or swap. We found that relative to the new-color condition, distractor interference increased when the distractor took on the previous target color, but was unaffected by whether the distractor’s color repeated. Our findings challenge the claim that intertrial priming accounts for distractor suppression.
Preprint: How workload and availability of spatial reference shape eye movement coupling in visuospatial working memory
Authors: Walcher Sonja , Korda Ziva , Körner Christof , Benedek Mathias
Published: December 2023

Eyes are active in memory recall and visual imagination, yet our grasp of the underlying qualities and factors of these internally coupled eye movements is limited. To explore this, we studied 50 participants, examining how workload, spatial reference availability, and imagined movement direction influence internal coupling of eye movements. We designed a visuospatial working memory task in which participants mentally moved a black patch along a path within a matrix and each trial involved one step along this path (presented via speakers: up, down, left, or right). We varied workload by adjusting matrix size (3x3 vs. 5x5), manipulated availability of a spatial frame of reference by presenting either a blank screen (requiring participants to rely solely on their mental representation of the matrix) or spatial reference in the form of an empty matrix, and contrasted active task performance to two control conditions involving only active or passive listening. Our findings show that eye movements consistently matched the imagined movement of the patch in the matrix, not driven solely by auditory or semantic cues. While workload influenced pupil diameter, perceived demand, and performance, it had no observable impact on internal coupling. The availability of spatial reference enhanced coupling of eye movements, leading more frequent, precise, and resilient saccades against noise and bias. The absence of workload effects on coupled saccades in our study, in combination with the relatively high degree of coupling observed even in the invisible matrix condition, indicates that eye movements align with shifts in attention across both visually and internally represented information. This suggests that coupled eye movements are not merely strategic efforts to reduce workload, but rather a natural response to where attention is directed.