bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NUEVAS PROPUESTAS PARA EL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN EL ESPACIO ULTRATERRESTRE
Authors: de Faramiñán Gilbert Juan Manuel
Published: January 2022

In the 21st century, the international community faces the challenge of managing activities in outer space for the benefit of humanity so that its use and natural resources can be a shared heritage. Currently in order to evaluate the application of the «Space2030» Agenda the question arises to be able to elaborate a long-term action and reporting the United Nations about the benefits of the space based on closer international cooperation and better governance of activities in outer space and the use of science and law at the service of sustainable development.
LA LLAVE DEL «INTERÉS DE LA JUSTICIA» EN EL ESTATUTO DE ROMA: SU CONTROVERTIDO EMPLEO EN EL CASO DE AFGANISTÁN
Authors: Loyo Cabezudo Joana
Published: January 2022

In the case of Afghanistan, the Pre-Trial Chamber II of the International Criminal Court rejected the authorization to initiate an investigation by concluding that the investigation would not be in the «interests of justice», employing arguments that could be inconsistent with the Rome Statute. Even if the Appeal Chamber amended the Decision and, consequently, authorized the opening of the investigation, it did not specify the significance that the clause should have. Taking into consideration the juridical insecurity that this concept provokes, the main objective of the article is to analyze the «interests of justice» notion by studying the practice of the Court and examining the main guidelines provided by the Rome Statute: the interests of victims and the gravity of the crime committed by the suspected offender.
INTERCAMBIO DE PATÓGENOS, SALUD PÚBLICA Y PROTOCOLO DE NAGOYA: OPORTUNIDADES Y DESAFÍOS
Authors: Sánchez Ramos Belén
Published: January 2022

This article aims to analyze the public health implications of the Convention on Biological Diversity and its Nagoya Protocol on Access to genetic resources and the fair an equitable sharing of benefits arising from their utilization. Both instruments establish a new model where pathogen may be accessed subject to the prior informed consent of the country providing the resources and once mutually agreed terms have been reached that include the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of the concerned resources. This new model differs from the common practice. In fact, the global sharing of pathogens was primarily done informally. In many instances, pathogens were shared without formal permission from national authorities. This situation presents challenges for both access and sharing of non-influenza and influenza virus. In fact, some problems related to the links between the NP and the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System and the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework are still unsolved.
EL DERECHO HUMANO A ABANDONAR UN PAÍS, INCLUIDO EL PROPIO: LAS EXCEPCIONES A LA REGLA
Authors: Fajardo del Castillo Teresa
Published: January 2022

The right to leave a country, including one’s own, is enshrined in Article 13 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Article 12 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. It is also incorporated in Article 2 of Protocol 4 to the European Convention on Human Rights. This right is marked both by its nature as a human right necessary for the enjoyment of rights such as the right to seek asylum or refuge, and by the restrictions that states may impose on it for reasons of security, public order and migration control. However, the right to leave a country does not constitute a sufficient legal entitlement for the choice of the country of destination. Its broad conception when it was first formulated is now limited by the establishment of exceptions and restrictions that restrict its scope as a consequence of migration policies in which potential destination countries have collaborated with countries of origin and transit to contain or prevent the departure of persons without legal qualifications to migrate regularly. The number of restrictions is such that it is reasonable to wonder whether the exceptions to the rule have diminished its content and applicability.
NUEVOS Y HEREDADOS DESAFÍOS EN EL CONTEXTO DEL REGRESO AL PAÍS DE ORIGEN DEL CIUDADANO DE LA UNIÓN Y SU FAMILIA
Authors: Marín Consarnau Diana
Published: January 2022

The aim of this paper is to consider how emerging and legacy challenges contribute on the need to move towards an autonomous legal status for family reunion, at EU or internal level, especially by focusing on the Spanish case, when the sponsor is a EU citizen that returns to establish himself in his country of origin. In this context, the third-country national, as a family member, begins a migratory process. The construction of the derived rights of residence by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), together with the specific problems arising in a crisis scenario and the needs arising in the development and continuity of private international relationships, promotes an appropriate forum to consider a step forward. This should also be considered taking into account aspects of consistency in the scope of application between regulatory instruments.
MISCELÁNEA: LA NUEVA GUÍA DE LA ORGANIZACIÓN DE ESTADOS AMERICANOS Y EL DERECHO APLICABLE A LOS CONTRATOS INTERNACIONALES (PARTE II)
Authors: Moreno Rodríguez José Antonio
Published: January 2022

This paper addresses the specific issues of the Guide on the law applicable to international commercial contracts in the Americas approved by the Organization of American States (OAS) in February 2019. The paper analyses the structure of this relevant text, its relations with uniform law, the role of parties autonomy trough express (including formal validity) and tacit choice, the pactum de lege utenda, the separability of the choice agreement in case of invalidity of the contract, the applicable law in the absence of choice, the dépeçage, the flexible interpretation, the scope of the applicable law, the ordre public, the existence of other conventions and the States with more than one legal system.
Decolonising curriculum change and implementation: Voices from Social Studies Zimbabwean Teachers
Authors: Chimbunde Pfuurai , Kgari-Masondo Maserole Christina
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT In 1980, Zimbabwe inherited a Eurocentric education system from the British colony, aimed at the perpetuation of the subordination and silencing of the African child. When the government of Zimbabwe noticed the infestation of the colonial wound, demonstrated by the irrelevance and in-applicability of the inherited education system, it called for its reconstruction on a new curriculum, which was rolled out in 2015. However, Zimbabwean Social Studies teachers reported intractable inconsistencies in curriculum design and implementation between what is taught in the classroom and what is expected in the society, which they linked to lack of Ubuntu values and a decolonization perspective. Using the Social Studies curriculum as a case and the Ubuntu lens as a conceptual framework, this qualitative study investigates the strategies which can be used to reform the curriculum so that it speaks to the dictates of the Zimbabwean community in which it serves. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) from 12 purposefully sampled Social Studies teachers located in different school settings of Zimbabwe namely the rural, urban, growth points and farm areas. Findings indicated that the 'usable past' anchored in Ubuntu values as part of the decolonization agenda, though not given serious consideration in Zimbabwe, is fundamental to curriculum reform and implementation. Considering the findings, the study recommends the revisiting and extracting from the African past and its values to drive curriculum change to prepare the learner to lead an African life in the African continent. The study elucidates the need for a collective psyche in educational change in which curriculum planners practise cordial relations and engage the teachers in curriculum construction to perfect curriculum design and implementation. Keywords: Curriculum change; Curriculum implementation; Decolonisation; Social Studies; Ubuntu; 'Usable past'.
STEM Education Effect on Inquiry Perception and Engineering Knowledge
Authors: KUTLU Emine , BAKIRCI Hasan , KARA Yilmaz
Published: January 2022

Despite the adoption of modern educational approaches such as activity-based, laboratory-based, technology enhanced science education, it is known that in most cases, students have difficulties in achieving desired learning goals such as developing inquiry skills and engineering knowledge. The efforts of science educators to ensure that students reach the desired learning goals have led to the development of new educational approaches. It is then necessary to put the emerging educational approaches into practice, to determine their effects in practice, and to determine the level of achieved learning goals. Therefore, the study intends to examine the effect of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) supported science teaching on the perception of inquiry learning skills and engineering knowledge level of 8th graders regarding Basic Machines unit. Quasi experimental research design was adopted. The study was conducted with 8th grade students. The participant students were recruited through easily accessible sampling method. This study was implemented during five weeks. The Inquiry Learning Level Perception Scale (ILSPS) and the Engineering Knowledge Level Scale (EKLS) were data collection tools. The data obtained revealed that STEM supported science teaching was effective on 8th graders inquiry learning skill perception and engineering knowledge levels. It is recommended to carry out comprehensive studies to reveal the effect of STEM-supported science teaching on students’ design skills in the 21st century.
Crossing disciplinary boundaries: English-medium education (EME) meets English for Specific Purposes (ESP)
Authors: Dafouz Milne Emma
Published: January 2022

Framed against the backdrop of internationalization of higher education, this paper argues for the need to cross disciplinary boundaries and build stronger bridges between the domains of English-medium education and ESP/EAP, particularly at a time when English-taught programmes seem to challenge the status quo of ESP professionals. To this end, this article will first briefly describe the objects of study – ESP/EAP and EME – and map out the relationship between the two. Secondly, a description of what are called the ‘diverging zones’ between these two educational approaches will be developed. In this section, major differences in curricular goals, in the way English is conceptualised, in students’ and teachers’ profiles, as well as in the pedagogical practices developed will be examined. Thirdly, the section entitled ‘converging zones’ will look into some of the contact points of EME and ESP theories and practices so that possible gaps are bridged. Finally, the last part of the paper, titled ‘emerging zones’ will provide suggestions for joint collaborative research and the development of teacher education programmes that truly respond to the current needs of EME and ESP/EAP professionals and students as well
Language policies from the semiperiphery
Authors: Dionísio da Silva Gisele
Published: January 2022

The recent rise in the number of English-medium journals in non-Anglophone countries stems from the hegemony of English in global scholarly communication, and language requirements outlined by such journals to authors offer a valuable yet often overlooked source of information in terms of underlying values and assumptions concerning knowledge production and circulation. Drawing on the notion of “semiperiphery” to refer to Brazil’s current standing within global scientific publishing, this exploratory study focuses on author guidelines of Brazilian English-medium journals indexed in the SciELO database to map language requirements established for manuscript submission and to assess, from a discursive perspective, whether they reinforce or disprove dominant ideologies regarding academic publishing, knowledge construction and dissemination, and the status of English as the academic lingua franca. The research data included 98 journal guidelines sections from seven subject areas, and results suggest that journals across the disciplinary spectrum endorse the primacy of (native speaker) English in knowledge dissemination, which calls for a critique of scientific monolingualism on the part of research policymakers, in Brazil and elsewhere
Rhetorical temporality in online scientific communication
Authors: Menagarishvili Olga , Zawilski Bret
Published: January 2022

Professional organizations use websites as spaces for the creation of communities. Academies of Sciences are examples of professional organizations, and their websites represent scientific discourse used in these scientific communities. However, little to no attention has been paid to the ways in which websites of Academies of Sciences present these scientific organizations in general and use rhetorical temporality for that purpose in particular. In this article, we attempt to explore how rhetorical temporality functions across two Academies of Sciences’ websites associated with different nations: the US National Academy of Sciences and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. We situated our research within the frames of epideictic rhetoric, the role of consensus in the rhetoric of science, and rhetorical temporality. We developed a coding scheme that we applied to our data to categorize the individual pages on each site according to how they were temporally situated.

Our analysis revealed several differences in the ways that the temporal categories we developed were used within each site. The coding scheme we created shows potential for future application to websites belonging to other professional organizations
Crafting theoretical value in management research article discussion sections
Authors: Cheng Fei-Wen
Published: January 2022

The enactment of theoretical contribution in research articles (RAs) is a critical academic writing practice for showcasing the scientific progress of a disciplinary field. To decide how novel research strengthens a discipline’s current state of knowledge necessitates evaluating the new empirical results based upon its specific academic norms. Yet the academic values utilized to formulate theoretical advancement have been little studied in the literature. Drawing upon pertinent evaluation frameworks, the purpose of this study is to uncover how RA authors negotiate the theoretical value of novel research by conducting a rhetorical analysis of 60 research article discussion sections taken from four prestigious management journals. The present investigation reveals a tentative taxonomy of six rhetorical appeal types deployed by RA authors to articulate the value of novel research in the knowledge market. The widespread use of these appeals in management research article discussion sections indicates that a strong promotional orientation is prevalent in the rhetoric of the journals examined. The findings of this research have theoretical and pedagogical implications for academic evaluation and promotion, as well as for teaching academic writing
Asymmetry Model Using Marginal Ridits for Ordinal Square Contingency Tables
Authors: Ando Shuji
Published: January 2022

This study proposes a new marginal asymmetry model which can infer the relation between marginal ridits of row and column variables for ordinal square contingency tables. When the marginal homogeneity model does not hold, we will apply marginal asymmetry models (e.g., the marginal cumulative logistic and extended marginal homogeneity models). On the other hand, we may measure the degree of departure from the marginal homogeneity model. To measure the degree of that, multiple indexes were proposed. Some of them correspond to the marginal cumulative logistic and extended marginal homogeneity models. The proposed model corresponds to the index, which represents the degree of departure from the MH model, using marginal ridits. We compare the proposed model with the existing marginal asymmetry models and show that the proposed model provides better fit performance than them for real data.
A Joint Multiresponse Split-Plot Modeling and Optimization Including Fixed and Random Effects
Authors: Berni Rossella , Nikiforova Nedka Dechkova
Published: January 2022

This paper deals with a proposal for joint modeling and process optimization for split-plot designs analyzed through mixed response surface models. It addresses the following main issues: i) the building of a joint mixed responsesurface model for a multiple response situation, by defining only one response through which specific coefficients areincluded for studying the association among the responses; ii) the considering of fixed as well as random effects within a joint modeling and optimization context; iii) the achievement of an optimal solution by involving specific as well as common coefficients for the responses. We illustrate our contribution through a case-study related to a split-plot design on electronic components of printed circuit boards (PCBs); we obtain satisfactory results by confirming the validity of thiscontribution, where the qualitative factor PCB is also studied and optimized.
Harmonic Mixture-G Family of Distributions: Survival Regression, Simulation by Likelihood, Bootstrap and Bayesian Discussion with MCMC Algorithm
Authors: Kharazmi Omid , Nik Ali Saadati , Hamedani G.G. , Altun Emrah
Published: January 2022

To study the heterogeneous nature of lifetimes of certain mechanical or engineering processes, a mixture model of some suitable lifetime distributions may be more appropriate and appealing than simpler models. In this paper, a new mixture family of the lifetime distributions is introduced via harmonic weighted mean of an underlying distribution and the distribution of the proportional hazard model corresponding to the baseline model.The proposed class of distributions includes the general Marshall-Olkin family of distributions as a special case. Some important properties of the proposed model such as survival function, hazard function, order statistics and some results on stochastic ordering are obtained in a general setting. A special case of this new family is considered by employingWeibull distribution as the parent distribution. We derive several properties of the special distribution such as moments,hazard function survival regression and certain characterizations results. Moreover, we estimate the parameters of the model by using frequentist and Bayesian approaches. For Bayesian analysis, five loss functions, namely the squared error loss function (SELF), weighted squared error loss function (WSELF), modified squared error loss function (MSELF), precautionary loss function (PLF), and K-loss function (KLF) are considered. The beta prior as well as the gamma prior are used to obtain the Bayes estimators and posterior risk of the unknown parameters of the model. Furthermore, credible intervals (CIs) and highest posterior density (HPD) intervals are also obtained. A simulation study is presented via Monte Carlo to investigate the bias and mean square error of the maximum likelihood estimators. For illustrative purposes, two real-life applications of the proposed distribution to  Kidney and cancer patients are provided.
Statistical Properties and Applications of the Exponentiated Chen-G Family of Distributions: Exponential Distribution as a Baseline Distribution
Authors: Awodutire Phillip
Published: January 2022

In this work, the Exponentiated Chen-G family of distributions is studied by generalizing the Chen-G family of distributions through the introduction of an additional shape parameter. The mixture properties of the derived family are studied. Some statistical properties of the family were considered, including moments, entropies, moment generating function, order statistics, quantile function. The estimation of the parameters of the family of distributions was done using the maximum likelihood estimation method, considering complete and censored situations. Using the Exponential distribution as a baseline, the Exponentiated Chen Exponential distribution was obtained and its statistical properties were studied. The Exponentiated Chen Exponential distribution has the Exponentiated Exponential, Exponential, Chen Exponential distributions as submodels. Lastly, the Exponentiated Chen Exponential distribution was applied to two real data sets and the results were compared with its submodels and relative distributions.
A Comparative Study of Goodness-of-Fit Tests for the Laplace Distribution
Authors: Batsidis Apostolos , Economou Polychronis , Bar-Lev Shaul
Published: January 2022

The Laplace distribution is one of the earliest distributions in probability theory and is a frequently used distribution in many fields. Consequently, various goodness-of-fit tests for the Laplace distribution have been thoroughly derived in theliterature. The purpose of this paper is to carry out a comparative study of these tests as well as a new one we develop. Power comparisons of all such tests are performed via Monte Carlo simulations of sample data generatedfrom twenty seven alternatives distributions. Despite the fact that no single test was found to be most powerful in all situations, several useful recommendations however are made.
The Bivariate Defective Gompertz Distribution Based on Clayton Copula with Applications to Medical Data
Authors: Peres Marcos , De Oliveira Ricardo Puziol , Achcar Jorge , Martinez Edson
Published: January 2022

In medical studies, it is common the presence of a fraction of patients who do not experience the event of interest. These patients are people who are not at risk of the event or are patients who were cured during the research. The proportion of immune or cured patients is known in the literature as cure rate. In general, the traditional existing lifetime statistical models are not appropriate to model data sets with cure rate, including bivariate lifetimes. In this paper, it is proposed a bivariate model based on a defective Gompertz distribution and also using a Clayton copula function to capture the possible dependence structure between the lifetimes. An extensive simulation study was carried out in order to evaluate the biases and the mean squared errors for the maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters associated to the proposed distribution. Some applications using medical data are presented to show the usefulness of the proposed model. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods were used to estimate the parameters of the model.
Investigation of solutions to higher-order dispersive equations with φ-sub-Gaussian initial conditions
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Sakhno L. M. , Vasylyk O. I. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: January 2022

In this paper, there are studied sample paths properties of stochastic processes representing solutions of higher-order dispersive equations with random initial conditions given by φ-sub-Gaussian harmonizable processes. The main results are the bounds for the rate of growth of such stochastic processes considered over unbounded domains. The class of φ-sub-Gaussian processes with φ(x) = |x|^α/α, 1 < α <= 2, is a natural generalization of Gaussian processes. For such initial conditions the bounds for the distribution of supremum of solutions can be calculated in rather simple form. The bounds for the rate of growth of solution to higher-order partial differential equations with random initial conditions in the case of general φ were obtained in [9], the derivation was based on the sults stated in [1]. Here we use another approach, which allows us, for the particular case φ(x) = |x|^α/α, α є (1, 2], to present the expressions for the bounds in the closed form.
On some method on model construction for strictly φ-sub-Gaussian generalized fractional Brownian motion
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Vasylyk O. I. , Rozora I. V. ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Ianevych T. O. ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Lovytska I. I. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: January 2022

In the paper, we consider the problem of simulation of a strictly φ-sub-Gaussian generalized fracti-onal Brownian motion. Simulation of random processes and fields is used in many areas of natural and social sciences. A special place is occupied by methods of simulation of the Wiener process and fractional Brownian motion, as these processes are widely used in financial and actuarial mathematics, queueing theory etc. We study some specific class of processes of generalized fractional Brownian motion and derive conditions, under which the model based on a series representation approximates a strictly φ-sub-Gaussian generalized fractional Brownian motion with given reliability and accuracy in the space C([0; 1]) in the case, when φ(x) = exp{|x|} − |x| − 1, x ∈ R. In order to obtain these results, we use some results from the theory of φ-sub-Gaussian random processes. Necessary simulation parameters are calculated and models of sample pathes of corresponding processes are constructed for various values of the Hurst parameter H and for given reliability and accuracy using the R programming environment.
Asymptotic behavior of the module of the characteristic Cantor distribution function
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, Makarchuk O. P. , Salnik K. S. ,   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University
Published: January 2022

The asymptotic behavior of the modulus of a characteristic function of a random variable, the distribution function of which is the classical singular Cantor function, is investigated. The emphasis is on calculating the upper bound of the modulus of the characteristic Cantor distribution function. The probabilistic measure corresponding to Cantor's distribution belongs to the class of Bernoulli's symmetric convolutions, the interest in which is considerable today. Bernoulli's symmetrical convolutions were actively studied by both domestic mathematicians: M. Pratsovyty, G. Turbin, G. Torbin, J. Honcharenko, O. Baranovsky and others, and foreign ones: Erdos P, Peres Y, Schlag W, Solomyak B, Albeverio, S and other. The value of the upper bound of the modulus of the characteristic function plays an important role in the problem of determining the Lebesgue structure of distributions of sums of probably convergent random series with independent discrete terms (random values of the Jessen-Winter type). The exact value of the upper bound of the module of the characteristic Cantor distribution function is found in the article.
Entertainment Technology Internships in Community Colleges
Authors:   , Mailhiot Brooke M. , Lynch William F
Published: January 2022

"Classroom to Career" is an accredited experiential learning method that community college students can use to build their career paths. Experiential learning curriculum courses provide students with the exposure they need to shift from undergraduate instruction and enhance their learning and employment outcomes to gain an Associate of Applied Science (AAS). In this study, Rowan College at Burlington County AAS graduates shared their perspectives on the facets of work-integrated learning. The participants learned about entertainment technology and gained hands-on, technical, authentic, real-world production experience during their experiential coursework in their academic field. The purpose of this case study research was to gain a deeper understanding of the process and value of experiential learning to an academic curriculum. The participating AAS graduates shared their perspectives on the preparatory practice and real-world applications of experiential learning and provided data in their narratives. This research had significance because it showed how internship fieldwork enables students to access credible learning resources and benefit from the firsthand knowledge acquired through experiential learning via internships with organizations and professionals.
Batasan Makna Frasa Kesalahan Teknis dalam Pasal 57 Ayat (2) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 80 Tahun 2019 terhadap Keabsahan Kontrak Elektronik
Authors: Rahayu Anestu Cahayoni , Dewantara Reka , Syafi’i R. Imam Rahmat
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to analyze the limits of the meaning of the technical error phrase in Article 57 paragraph (2) of Government Regulation Number 80 of 2019 on the validity of electronic contracts and analyze legal protection for business actors, system makers, and recipients of goods/services related to the phrase technical error in Article 57 paragraph (2) Government Regulation Number 80 of 2019. This study used a normative juridical method with a statutory and analytical approach. The results showed that the technical error phrase in Article 57 paragraph (2) of Government Regulation Number 80 of 2019 contained the meaning of default, resulting in the electronic contract being null and void. Legal protection for business actors was included in Article 6 of Law Number 8 of 1999, in the form of guarantees for self-defense when a dispute occurred due to consumers who had bad intentions. Article 12 of Law Number 19 of 2002 explicitly explained that computer programs were one of the protected copyrighted works. It was legal protection for system makers. Legal protection for recipients of goods/services was contained in Article 46 of Law Number 8 of 1999, in the form of guarantees of justice related to the quality of the product received.
Formulation of Legal Protection for Persons with Disabilities in The Civil Service Recruitment System in The Perspective of Human Rights
Authors: Satoto Sukamto , Hartati Hartati , Nazifah Nazifah
Published: January 2022

This research aimed to fulfill the rights of persons with disabilities to get jobs according to their fields without reducing their rights. One of them was the recruitment of civil servant candidates. The research method used was normative juridical with literature study. Decent work is a right for every human being without exception. Various racial, ethnic, and religious backgrounds that are part of human identity do not prevent him from getting his rights, likewise with the physical or non-physical conditions that underlie a human being. Every human being who has a certain physical or non-physical background also has the same right to get a decent job, including people with disabilities. The State of Indonesia has ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities into Law Number 19 of 2011. In the preamble to the law, it is explained that countries that sign the Convention should promote and protect the rights and dignity of persons with disabilities and increase the participation of persons with disabilities in the civil, political fields, economic, social, and cultural-based on an equal opportunity. It means that the Indonesian government is legally obliged to fulfill the rights of persons with disabilities, especially regarding the right to work in Indonesia.
Analisis Kepastian Hukum Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Pancasila Melalui Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 57 Tahun 2021 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan
Authors: Subagio Hani , Hastangka Hastangka
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to analyze the existence of Pancasila Education before the issuance of Government Regulation Number 57 of 2021 concerning National Education Standards and analysis of legal certainty for the implementation of Pancasila Education through Government Regulation Number 57 of 2021. This study used a qualitative approach, with normative and empirical legal research types. Sources of data obtained from secondary data and primary data. The study results showed that the existence of Pancasila Education experienced various dynamics before the issuance of Government Regulation Number 57 of 2021. Pancasila began to lose its role after issuing Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System by eliminating Pancasila Education from primary education to higher education. The main issue of Government Regulation Number 57 of 2021 was based on the findings of inconsistent legal drafting with one another. The issuance of Government Regulation Number 57 of 2021, which did not include the contents of the Pancasila Education material, created legal uncertainty, which had implications for contradicting the laws and regulations on it.
Estudo sobre a violencia e acoso sexual na Universidade da Coruña
Authors: López Villar Cristina , Abad María José , Neira Pena Ana María
Published: January 2022

A Oficina para a Igualdade de Xénero, adscrita á Vicerreitoría de Igualdade, Cultura e Deporte, foi creada na sesión do Consello de Goberno do 14 de decembro de 2006, polo que leva en funcionamento desde o día 10 de marzo de 2007. Desde a súa creación, a Oficina leva desenvolvendo diferentes iniciativas para cumprir coas súas funcións, entre elas a de sensibilizar e actuar sobre situacións de violencia e acoso sexista. Este documento presenta unha primeira aproximación á dita problemática no contexto da Universidade da Coruña. Preténdese, así, iniciar un novo camiño que reforce outras iniciativas que xa se estaban levando a cabo e xustifica a necesidade do protocolo de acoso que se elaborou no marco do I Plan de igualdade entre mulleres e homes da Universidade da Coruña 2013-2017. O presente estudo céntrase nos diferentes tipos de acoso que poden darse no ámbito universitario: acoso sexual, sexista ou de xénero, acoso por orientación sexual e por identidade ou expresión de xénero. Para coñecer polo miúdo esta situación empregouse unha enquisa e fixéronse grupos de discusión. O obxectivo xeral do estudo é coñecer a prevalencia e as características do acoso no ámbito universitario. O traballo de campo levouse a cabo no curso académico 2020-2021 e dirixiuse a toda a comunidade universitaria, alumnado, persoal da administración e servizos (PAS) e persoal docente (PDI).
Effectiveness of an online cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia
Authors:   University of Iceland, Friðgeirsdóttir Guðlaug , Jóhannsson Gunnar ,   Health Care of the Capital Area, Ellertsson Steindór ,   Health Care of the Capital Area, Björnsdóttir Erla ,   University of Iceland, National University Hospital, Landspítali
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Insomnia is a common health problem with serious mental and physical consequences as well as increased economical costs. The use of hypnotics in Iceland is immense in spite of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) being recommended as the first choice treatment of chronic insomnia. To meet the needs of more individuals suffering from insomnia, online CBT-I was established at betrisvefn.is. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of this internet-based CBT-I. Material and methods: One hundred seventy-five users (mean age 46y (18-79y)) started a 6 week online intervention for insomnia. The drop-out rate was 29%, leaving a final sample of 125 users. The intervention is based on well-established face-to-face CBT-I. Sleep diaries were used to determine changes in sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset. Treatment effects were assesed after 6 weeks of treatment and at the 6 week follow-up. Results: Significant improvement was found in all main sleep variables except for 5% decrease in total sleep time (TST). Effects were sustained at 6 week follow-up and TST increased. The use of hypnotics decreased significantly. This form of treatment seems to suit its users very well and over 94% would recommend the treatment. Conclusion: Internet interventions for insomnia seem to have good potential. CBT-I will hopefully be offered as the first line treatment for chronic insomnia in Iceland instead of hypnotics as the availability of the CBT-I is growing. Thus, the burden on health care clinics might reduce along with the hypnotics use and the considerable costs of insomnia.
Use of Chitosan for Enhancing the Process of Surface Water Purification in Egypt
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Giza Engineering Institute, El-moneb, Giza, Egypt, Hamdon Rania S. M. A. , Salem Ahmed , Ahmed Hany G. I. , ElZahar Medhat M. H.
Published: January 2022

Natural Organic Matter (NOM) is found in all surface waters. An increase in the amount of NOM over the past 10-20 years has been observed in raw water supply in many areas in Egypt, which has had a significant impact on drinking water treatment. Water scarcity and the increased contamination of drinking water has led to increased doses of coagulants and disinfectants used in water treatment, which has led to increased sludge volume and the production of harmful residual byproducts. In this paper, the results of experiments using an experimental model carried out to investigate improving the removal efficacy of NOM using a natural coagulant, such as chitosan, along with alum, are presented. The results show the use of chitosan is effective in removing NOM and reducing algae and turbidity. In addition, a dose of chitosan added to alum successfully reduced the amount of alum needed in the purification process.
Characterization and Profiling of Industrial Wastewater Toxicity in Kuwait
Authors:   Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City, Kuwait, Ahmed Mohd Elmuntasir , Al-Haddad Adel , Al-Dufaileej Suad
Published: January 2022

Toxicity reduction is a main criterion in prioritizing industrial wastewater treatment objectives. This paper utilized a comprehensive survey of 41 industrial facilities to characterize their wastewater quality parameters and to assess their wastewater toxicity. The 41 factories were grouped under eleven industrial categories. Microtox relative toxicity test results indicated that industrial wastewater in Kuwait are mostly very toxic to toxic with the exception of farms wastewater which was found to be slightly toxic. The highest ranking toxic wastewaters where found to be metal forming, printing, dairy, slaughterhouses, petrochemical, poultry, food, paper and packaging, beverage, and construction materials industries in order. Among the contributing factors to the toxicity of industrial wastewater are temperature, pH, metals, COD, TOC, NH3, TPH, phenol, and BTEX.
Comparative Study of Banks in The Perspective of Syafruddin Prawiranegara and M. Syafii Antonio
Authors: Amin Azis Muhammad , Hariyanto Muhsin
Published: January 2022

The Law of Bank Interest is a complicated issue in Islamic economics because there are differences of opinion among Muslim scholars and intellectuals. This can not be separated from the observations of Indonesian Muslim economists such as Syafruddin Prawiranegara, who thinks bank interest is permissible, while M. Syafii Antonio believes bank interest is haram (forbidden in Islam). This research is entitled "Comparative Study of Banks in the Perspective of Syafruddin Prawiranegara and M. Syafii Antonio". This study aims to determine the views of Syafruddin Prawiranegara and M. Syafii Antonio regarding bank interest and examine the differences, similarities and backgrounds of their opinions. This type of research is library research with qualitative methods. The data analysis technique was carried out by means of deductive-comparative, in which this research first explains the arguments of the two figures regarding usury and bank interest then compared with the comparative method. The results of this study are 1. Syafruddin Prawiranegara believes Interest cannot be equated with usury. According to him, the difference of opinion regarding bank interest is due to a misinterpretation of the function of money. 2. M. Syafii Antonio is of the opinion that the law of bank interest is the same as usury. To stipulate the law on interest, it is necessary to comprehensively understand the stages of the derivation of the verses of usury. 3. The difference of opinion between the two is seen from the results of ijtihad (making a decision based on Islamic law) and the istinbath methods.
Islamic Banking Products and Economic Development in Nigeria: A Co-Integration Approach
Authors: Olayiwola Habeeb Olaniyi
Published: January 2022

The authorization of Taj Bank Limited to operate Islamic banking in Nigeria has reiterated the relevance of Islamic banking products and services in the nation’s economy. However, the rate of patronage has been dampened compared to the conventional banks due to the issues of regulations and taxes, issues revolving around Sharia Scholars, Sharia-compliant products, and lack of awareness, among others. The study, therefore, investigates the nexus between Islamic banking products and economic development in Nigeria between 2013Q1 - 2019Q4. The data such as Human Development Index (HDI) proxy of economic development, and Islamic banking products; Murabahah (MUR), Wadiah (WAD), Istisna (IST), and Ijarah (IJA) were gathered from United Nations Statistics and Prudential and Structural Islamic Financial Indicators (PSIFIs). The data were analyzed using Eviews 9. The techniques adopted include descriptive statistics, correlation matrix, unit root test, co-integration statistics and Error Correction Model (ECM). The unit root test showed that all the data series were stationary at the first difference I(1). The co-integration results revealed the existence of a long-run relationship between Islamic banking products and economic development. However, the error correction model established that the short-run disequilibrium would be corrected and signed in the long run at 33%. It was therefore concluded that there exists a nexus between Islamic banking products and economic development in Nigeria. The study recommends among others, that government should encourage more operations of Islamic banking so that Nigeria can achieve the objectives of financial inclusion, which is an essential ingredient of economic development.
Clinical trial perceptions and knowledge: the results of three surveys administered to U.S. physicians, surgeons, nurses, clinic administrators and clinical research industry professionals
Authors: M. A. Veljko Kopjar
Published: January 2022

Background: Surveys were administered to clinicians and non-clinicians on various clinical trial-related topics including their understanding of FDA medical device terminology, investigator-initiated trials (IITs), the level of institutional support for clinical trials at their respective sites and the use of wearable technologies in collecting trial data.

Methods: Three online surveys were, collectively, administered to over 350 respondents in the United States using an online tool.

Results: The surveys found that the majority of the surveyed clinicians and clinical research professionals do not know the difference between FDA-approved and FDA-cleared devices, awareness of IITs and institutional support for clinical trials varies by medical specialty, and there are noteworthy differences between orthopedic surgeons and oncologists as to whether wearable technologies should be used to collect trial data.

Conclusions: The study concluded that there are many physicians and surgeons who cannot accurately distinguish between FDA-approved and FDA-cleared devices, yet they claim to know the difference. It was also observed that oncology centers are more likely to be supportive of clinical trials, as reported by clinicians, as compared to orthopedic centers. Less than half of the surveyed oncology respondents are supportive of the use of wearable technologies in a clinical trial setting-whereas more than half of the orthopedic respondents are supportive of the same. The study also found that most of the surveyed oncologists are familiar with IITs whereas most of the orthopedic surgeons are not familiar with IITs.
Implementing a low-carbohydrate diet in adults to manage type 1 diabetes mellitus: a standard of care protocol
Authors: Felizardo Amanda A. , Paiva Caroline D. S. B. , Brasileiro Jordana D. F. L. , Souza Mariana S. D. D. , Corrêa Rúbia M. , Carvalho Dayse R. D. , Abreu Maria V. C. D. , Franckilin Laryssa R. D. S. , Assis Roberta D. M. V. D. , Martins Júnior Francisco D. A. D. M. , Neri Daniela D. G. , Koenen Janaína Fonseca , Foureaux Giselle
Published: January 2022

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells and absolute insulin deficiency. After the discovery of insulin, guidelines recommended 50% to 60% of carbohydrate consumption in individuals with diabetes. However, this recommendation is ineffective, since carbohydrate is the macronutrient that causes the greatest increase in blood glucose. The aim of this research is to evaluate the efficacy of a low-carbohydrate diet in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The study is a 26 weeks clinical trial. During the first 15 days, participants will receive approximately 130 g of daily carbohydrates, followed by a phase of 7 days, with the consumption of 90 g of daily carbohydrates, and finally, the consumption of 50 g of carbohydrates. The target audience is 20 participants diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >7.0% and aged between 21 and 50 years, in addition to the parameters defined in the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The primary outcome is HbA1c. Glycemic variability, frequency of hypoglycemia, total daily insulin and improvement in quality of life will also be evaluated.

Conclusions: Despite the evidence that low carbohydrate is effective for treating type 2 diabetes, there is low evidence for the recommendation in people with type 1 diabetes. In order to improve quality of life of this group and guidelines of clinical practice, and to promote development of health care professionals, further well-designed trials are needed.

Trial registration: The trial was registered at https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-107jk4tn.
Diagnostic utility of cancer ratio in differentiating malignant from non-malignant pleural effusions in a tertiary care centre in central Kerala
Authors: Nishanth P. S. , Devassy Thomas Vadakkan , Jose Tessa
Published: January 2022

Background: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common clinical condition observed in patients suffering from malignant diseases. None of the tumour markers have both high sensitivity and specificity. A retrospective study on patients with pleural effusion was done to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Cancer ratio (CR) in diagnosing MPE.Methods:A retrospective analysis of patients with undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion was done. Results of serum Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), pleural fluid Adenosine deaminase (ADA), pleural fluid analysis such as cytology and histopathology reports of pleural biopsy were analyzed. Serum LDH: pleural fluid ADA ratio (CR) was calculated and compared with histopathology report. Data were analyzed statistically.Results: A total of 102 patients were enrolled in the study (56 males and 46 females). The sensitivity and specificity of CR at the cut off level of >20 were 57.14% and 75.47% respectively. The positive predictive value was 68.29% and the negative predictive value was 65.57%. CR>20 (p<0.001) is statistically significant in predicting malignancy in undiagnosed exudative pleural effusions.  Conclusions:CR has a high sensitivity and specificity and is a novel tool in differentiating malignant from nonmalignant pleural effusions. Patients with unconfirmed diagnosis but higher CR will identify the need for early biopsy, follow-up and frequent or repeat chest imaging to assess the progression.