bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic environmental impact assessment in spatial planning an instrument for assessment of importance of plan solutions for environmental protection and sustainable development
Authors: Filipovic Dejan , Obradovic Danijela
Published: October 2010

Protection, improvement and rational utilization of the environment becomes more and more primary task in modern society's struggle for more ecological healthy and humane living and working conditions. In order to living conditions satisfy man's social, economic, health and other needs protection, improvement and utilization of the environment must be in accordance with principles of sustainable development. Fact that planned solutions have great influence on quality of some environmental elements imposes importance of spatial planning for providing healthy environment as one of basic human needs. As in many planning documents environmental aspect was not considering in the way that it was needed to be, there arose a need for Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment in aim to verify are the planning documents in coherence with environmental protection and sustainable development.
Possibilities of geographic information system in solution making of the Sjenica's commune development
Authors: Sabic Dejan , Milanovic Misko
Published: October 2010

The paper describes reality method sand geographical information systems (GIS- technologies) in integration GIS system. Sjenica is a specific area of the our state and therefore must notes of all elements and factors in environmental. GISs differ from the other types of information systems in that they manage huge quantities of data, enquire complex concepts to describe the geometry of objects and specify complex topological relationship between them. The paper describes our proposal for the project GIS for local community of Sjenica based on GIS technologies, with particular reference to the GIS demands and possibilities.
Atlases: Complex models of geospace
Authors: Ikonovic Vesna
Published: October 2010

Atlas is modeled contexture contents of treated thematic of space on optimal map union. Atlases are higher form of cartography. Atlases content composition of maps which are different by projection, scale, format methods, contents, usage and so. Atlases can be classified by multi criteria. Modern classification of atlases by technology of making would be on: 1. classical or traditional (printed on paper and 2. electronic (made on electronic media - computer or computer station). Electronic atlases divided in three large groups: view-only electronic atlases, 2. interactive electronic atlases and 3. analytical electronic atlases.
Jovan Cvijic’s scientific opus dedicated to Eastern Serbia
Authors: Stankovic Stevan , Pavlovic Sanja
Published: October 2010

The scientific work of Jovan Cvijic (1865-1927) is big and heterogeneous. The famous scientist dealt with physical and social geography with the same success. His scientific papers about Serbia are of particular importance. Serbia and Balkan peninsula were the subject of his systematic investigations for forty years. The bibliography of Jovan Cvijic's scientific papers about Serbia and Balkan peninsula is rich and cited very frequently.
The soil use in rural areas
Authors: Stojkov Borislav
Published: October 2010

The soil is becoming one of the crucial problems for the Nature and its proper functioning due to many reasons of its misusing or abusing. The market forces in agriculture are rapidly deteriorating the soil wild biodiversity and its capacity. The importance of the soil and its wild biodiversity, related to the water system and other ecological functions are presented in short outlines. Understanding the soil quality means assessing and managing soil that it functions optimally now and is not degradated for the future use. Evaluation of the soil quality in a different manner serves for agriculture embitterment and for keeping water and habitat organisms quality. Further, the instrument for soil protection policies implementation are given such as regional development planning, incentives for regional integration, social impacts oriented actions, education etc. The further soil decay will generally jeopardize the whole idea of sustainable development. Therefore it asks for more efficient understanding from decision makers, producers, but from planners as well.
Changes of Danube discharge parameters at Orsava hydrological station: In the period 1841-2000
Authors: Ducic Vladan , Nikolic Jugoslav , Dragicevic Slavoljub
Published: October 2010

The aim of this research was to determine long-term trend of discharge, over its different parameters. Hydrological station Orsava is selected not just because of series? length but also reliabilities of observation. By analyzing data, we exclude possible local and regional anthropogenic influences on discharge. Trend analyzes of all parameters of the Danube discharge near Orsava hydrological station in the period of 160 years show increase of discharge and decrease of extremeness.
Methodology of determination of extreme air temperatures thresholds in eastern Serbia (Negotin town): In January and July
Authors: Andjelkovic Goran
Published: October 2010

The human life and the most of human activities are adapted to the normal climatic conditions everywhere in the world. Therefore any deviation in intensity, frequency or spatial distribution of climatic events is considered as extraordinary climatic phenomenon which could cause unpleasant consequences. These events are known as extreme phenomenon. In this paper extreme air temperature events are formulated, and methodology for identification is considered on the example of Negotin town in eastern part of Serbia.
Physic-geographical characteristics of Suvobor region and their significance for the development of plum production
Authors: Kovacevic-Majkic Jelena , Milivojevic Milovan
Published: October 2010

Plum production is one of the most developed branches of agriculture in Suvobor region, and with that characteristics, it is of crucial importance for the development of this area. Especially on southern slopes of Mt. Suvobor, there are favourable natural conditions for plum production. According to geological base (considerable areas of serpentinites) hydrogeological characteristics and regional hydrological conditions are different in various parts of Suvobor region. From sustainable development point of view, it is necessary to take into consideration the results of hydrological researches about real amounts of water, water balance and possibilities of their usage in order to improve the plum production. Water quality, according to the possible influence of serpentinites, could be a limiting factor for plum growing development. Making water objects register and estimation of water quality, favourablly contribute to improvement of this branch of agriculture.
About anthropogeographic researches of settlements in South Eastern Serbia
Authors: Stamenkovic Srboljub , Gataric Dragica
Published: October 2010

Settlements in South Eastern Serbia (1439 in total) were anthropogeographically researched in past, mostly several decades ago. Some newer studies of settlements and origins of population, since the beginning of the 1990s until present, have mostly been treating the issues of particular settlements. Cvijic's anthropogeographic conception, established in the early phase of development of scientific geography in Serbia at the end of 19th century, has been prevailing in the research of villages. In the research of urban settlements, modem complex geographical approach has been prevailing, neglecting the anthropogeographical attributes. The necessity of scientifically founded anthropogeographic knowledge on settlements, in this as well as in other areas of Serbia, is evident, both in science and in different fields of social practice. This knowledge would be based on traditional achievements of Serbian anthropogeographic school, as well as on contemporary achievements in the area of investigations of settlements.
Ethno-demographic characteristics of Slovak nuptiality in Vojvodina
Authors: Ivkov Andjelija , Bubalo-Zivkovic Milka , Kovacevic Tamara
Published: October 2010

Due to difficult economic and religious circumstances in 17th century numerous serf families from Slovakia abandoned their homes and moved to southern parts of the former Hungarian empire. A larger portion of the migration flow arrived to the south-eastern Pannonic plain and to Vojvodina. The largest colonies of the Slovaks were settled in Banat, smaller ones in Backa, while the Slovak colonies in Srem were the result of internal migrations from Backa. By the 1960s, there was an increase in the Slovak population, then followed by the decrease, the most intensive in the last decade of the 20th century. The fluctuation in population number had repercussions in basic features of nuptiality in settlements where the Slovaks were majority, resulting in decrease in the number of nuptials and nuptiality rate.
Strategy as planning document
Authors: Zivanovic Zora , Trkulja Sinisa
Published: October 2010

The need for planning, as a process through which the future can be influenced to a certain extent, gave a new form of this activity, that has characteristics of generalization, flexibility and adaptability in time and in space which it refers to. That is strategic planning, which tends to coordinate the variety of development components and has for its aim successful implementation based on planning objectives. In the practice of spatial planning in Serbia, important differences can be recognized in perception of the term "strategy" as a planning document, and in consequence differences in perception of its form, content and aim. In that sense, this paper is dedicated to the interpretation of different approaches in strategic spatial planning in Serbia and it points out strengths and weaknesses of those approaches.
Ecological analyses of the area along the highway through Belgrade: Section Dobanovci-Bubanj Potok
Authors: Filipovic Dejan , Lukic Bogdan
Published: October 2010

In compatibility with actual recommendations and policy which leads to improvement and preservation of integral environment and especially its natural values, it is necessary to implement active and integral approach to all variety of planning documents. In order to visualize the impact of highway through Belgrade on its surroundings, the solutions of the traffic artery were analyzed from the aspect of the protection of the environment in the sense of definition of harmful impacts and proposals of measures for their prevention or removal. The basic starting point was to get the answer whether and which, from ecological aspect, protection measures should be taken. The paper will show specific details of making the Belgrade highway environmental impact study.
Tourists events in under-developed areas of Serbia
Authors: Bjeljac Zeljko
Published: October 2010

In the countries in transition, such as Serbia, event tourism represents a form of tourist offer and marketing directed towards attractive natural and anthropogenic touristic values and localities, with the purpose of their inclusion into important international tourist destinations. Event tourism as a part of overall economic activities, with its own economic effects, has a role in opening of less developed regions towards potential investors manufacturers and consumers and also in improving employment and overall national income. This paper will point out the events in less developed regions of Serbia, as a base for development of touristic and overall economy.
Changes of the intensity of Ljig river basin erosion: Influence of anthropogenic factor
Authors: Dragicevic Slavoljub , Stepic Milomir
Published: October 2010

According to new field investigations as well as mapping of erosion in Ljig river basin we have found out that its intensity has changed in regard to period of 40 years ago. The most expressive changes were noticed in Ljig river basin. As we have not noticed changes in physical-geographical factors the cause of the intensity decrease might be only influenced by indirect anthropogenic factor. Processes of growing old and decrease of rural population, migration village-town, marginalization of agriculture and decrease of cattle reserves caused the changes of land utilization. Agriculture areas were becoming overgrown with growing wild vegetation which restrained gradually considerable expressed processes of erosion in the past.
Spatial distribution of runoff in Temstica river basin
Authors: Mustafic Sanja
Published: October 2010

The values of specific runoff are defined by model of multi factorial analyses combined with method of "grid" system. Elemental unit is presented by unit field of 0.5 x 0.5 km. Such multi regression model of high statistical significance enables analyses of specific runoff from many aspects. First aspect is establishing the amount and distribution of water for every altitude zone in total runoff creating. Second is presented in its altitude distribution in dependence of altitude existing of some lithologic-hydrologic complex; at the and from aspect from spatial regionalization it is possible to perceive water distribution within the river basin. By that we could realize water condition of some differential and contrast areas. Application of above mentioned methods as well as processing of each relevant parameter for studying these kinds of problems are carried out in GEOMEDIA program.
Natural characteristics as a request for development of Obrenovac municipality
Authors: Djordjevic Jasmina , Panic Milena
Published: October 2010

The main objective of research in this study is definition, extraction and evaluation of elements, consisting natural complex within the area of Obrenovac Municipality. An evaluation has been performed regarding mentioned, as one of main factors for positioning and environmental development of economy and settlements. In order to rationally use the environment for agriculture, development and tourism an partial and synthetic evaluation was performed on separate natural complex components (geology, geomorphology, climate, hydrography, pedology and biogeography characteristics), and their influence as geopotential for the development of examined area.
European Union: Chronology of union idea as a dominant characteristics of European nations
Authors: Sabic Dejan , Pavlovic Mila
Published: October 2010

This paper deals with basic concepts, problems, and perspectives of idea of community with the aspect of science. This paper explains those trends of this idea in science during history until Second World War, and new trends in new conceptual base of European future.
Industry and agriculture: Elements of the economic profile of Kladovo municipality
Authors: Miletic Radmila , Todorovic Marina
Published: October 2010

On the basis of spatial differentiation of the natural and socio-economic factors of development, we have seen the structural characteristics of the local industry and local agriculture, as two elements of the economy of Kladovo municipality, and the importance and role of these two elements in the spatial structure of the municipality. Particular attention was devoted in the course of this research, to the possibilities of intensifying the development of the less developed parts of the area. Activation of developmental potentials is directed towards a demographic revitalization and towards the establishment of a stable and progressive social-economic-ecological area, with an identity recognizable in the region. In that sense, we examine the inter-dependence of potentials limitations and risks for a more rapid future development of the municipality of Kladovo.
Characteristics of the population employed in primer sector in Turkey
Authors: Bayar Rüya , Yilmaz Mutlu
Published: October 2010

Activities related to the production of raw material like agriculture husbandry, forestry, fishery are called as primer activities. Especially people living in rural areas earn their livings on primer activities, mainly agriculture. Rural planning is inevitable for providing rural development which has an important place in all development of a country. And achievement of this planning depends on putting forth the characteristics of the population living in rural areas with its different aspects. Therefore, the requirements will be introduced more clearly and the increase in the welfare levels of the people living in rural areas will have been achieved. To achieve the rural development and progress, in addition to the features like the size of agricultural products, products that are cultivated, activities like husbandry, forestry, hunting, etc. and the qualities of the enterprises in which these activities are carried out, policies applied, capital, market and technology, the characteristics of the population employed in this sector is also of importance. Considering these points, what is aimed in this study is to put forth the characteristics of the population employed in primer sector in Turkey. According to the census results of the year 2000 in Turkey 38% of the population is employed, and 48% of this work is in primer sector.
Theoretical-cognitive premises of national atlases compilation
Authors: Vemic Mirceta
Published: October 2010

During the last 60 years, the awareness and need for compilation of national atlas of Yugoslavia have been present among geographers, cartographers geodesists and numerous other scientists. Even some funds were available for this purpose, but there was no realization. The political determination and consent between the Yugoslav republics were lacking. Moreover, there were no necessary scientific and expert potentials and knowledge for accomplishment of such a cartographic project, which is one of the main premises of atlas compilation. The aim of this paper is to point to the main theoretical methodological and technological premises of national atlases compilation and to contribute to broader scientific and practical overview of the issues of possible project of compiling the National Atlas of Serbia.
Map: Geospatial paradigm
Authors: Ikonovic Vesna
Published: October 2010

There are different definitions of map. There is no one which is accepted in whole world or at least from the most cartographers. In the paper it will be given several definitions which are, at the best way, (according to the author?s opinion) reflecting essence of map as a model of reality. Map as a universal meaning of researching can?t serve only for representing particular geospace (spatial system) or some its element, or to give only clear view about geographical dispersion of objects, phenomena and processes, but have to make possible studying the patterns of that dispersion, as well as their mutual connections and conditions.
Tourist valorization of the old city center of Novi Sad according to the Hillary Du Cros model
Authors: Romelic Jovan , Pivac Tatjana , Kosic Kristina
Published: October 2010

Cities are ambiental, but also complex cultural tourist motifs. Different elements are combined in them, such as: attractiveness of architecture modern accomplishments, centers of cultural, artistic and sports life etc. Old city centers play an important role in cultural, tourist movements and they are unavoidable when visiting a city. They are complement ambiental motifs, extremely important as elements of attractiveness and complex motifs and therefore in the policy of tourist development they should be given special attention. Example tourist valorization of the old city center of Novi Sad has been conducted according to the Hillary du Cros model, i.e. the applicability of the market appeal/robusticity matrix on cultural tourism development has been estimated.
An investigation of the factors which influence to the satisfaction with tourist experience of a tourist-visitor of an event in Novi Sad
Authors: Hadzic Olga , Bjeljac Zeljko
Published: October 2010

In this paper we investigate factors which influence to the satisfaction with tourist experience of a tourist/visitor of an event, and which are under the control in some extent by the organizer of the event, as well as by the tourism sector of the destination and the local community. A qualitative method (open interview) and a quantitative method (the method of Importance/Performance matrix) are used.. The results obtained by the application of these methods can help to the organizer of an event, as well as to the tourism sector on the destination, to make an estimation of the successfulness of the event, which is important in the planning process of a similar event in the future. We pointed out the necessity of joint efforts of many partners (stakeholders) in tourism sector on the destination in order to satisfy the expectation of a tourist-visitor of the manifestation. Important stakeholders are experts in the domains of the space planning and the protection of the environment. They have to choose in their plans the venue for manifestations and camps for the accommodation of many visitors, which is of the special importance if tourism sector on the destination wish to include in their tourism offer international music manifestations, which attract thousand of tourists.
Presentation tourism offer on the Internet
Authors: Curcic Nevena
Published: October 2010

The Internet has become basic infrastructure for many jobs, a medium of representing many businesses and progressively influential source of information. Therefore, the Internet has developed into a significant distributing, communicational and trade channel in tourism and catering industry throughout the world and in this area as well. This paper is a short survey of various possibilities of the Internet, with the special emphasis on the analysis of Serbian tourism presence on the Internet, by means of tourism and catering offer in cyber companies? system of services. The aim of the paper is to make partial systematization of the present tourist offer of Serbia on the Internet with the brief rating and analysis of the websites. The goal of the paper is to point out the presence of Serbian tourist and catering services on the Internet, the restricting factors in e-business of the country and the importance of further promotional activities of tourism of Serbia on the global network.
Precipitation as adverse climatic phenomenon in Negotin
Authors: Andjelkovic Goran , Zivkovic Nenad
Published: October 2010

Climatology is traditionally connected to different conditions of the atmosphere. However, many occurrences appear from time to time. Those occurrences are defined as extreme. Nowadays it is important to study extreme occurrences for every geographical area. In this paper we have investigated one segment of extreme climatic conditions in Eastern part of Serbia - adverse characteristics of precipitation. Data for Negotin were analyzed, as a representative of the climate in this area. Extreme values of precipitation in one place were taken as dangerous occurrences. We have calculated thresholds above which we consider daily amount of precipitation as dangerous. Thresholds for dangerous lengths of rainy and droughty periods were calculated, too.
The influence of subjective criteria USGE as official principle at nationality identification in censuses to manifestation Gypsies ethnic identity
Authors: Knezevic Aleksandar
Published: October 2010

According to final results of Census in 2002, total number of declare Gypsies in Serbia (without Kosovo and Metohija) was 108.193, apropos 1.44% in total population of Serbia, conditional third position in rang of ethnic minorities (behind Hungarians and Bosnians). Though, in sense population dynamics of Gypsies, it is needs to know, that official statistic data could give only information about population which "them selves repute Gypsies", declare as Gypsies in that moment, and because of that we are probability to take on scientific observe only number of declare Gypsies. During the period 1948-2002, Gypsies was included on all census statistic classifications of nationalities. But, oscillations in number of Gypsies show population dynamics without any evenly and projected trends of population development. This fact is problem and for official statistic research. Certainly, the main defect at statistic registration of Gypsies is ability to change attitude about nationality declare in censuses.
Changes in number of population, population density and households in the settlements of Goc mountain
Authors: Kovacevic Tamara , Bubalo-Zivkovic Milka , Kicosev Sasa
Published: October 2010

Bad quality of infrastructure and slow economic development, which is damaged by emigration, made bad influence on the number of inhabitants of the Goc Mountain. According depopulation, population density was reduced too. Tendencies in the changes of number of households and tendencies in the changes of number of population are different. Disappearing of patriarchal family is the evident on the Goc Mountain. Verification of that fact is in the decreasing in number of members in the households. Regional road (R-222) was built in 1939. It was set up through Stanisinci. Because of that, life quality in village Stanisinci was better than Goc. It was the good solution for slowdown of emigration and decreasing of population number in the second half of XX century. Precondition for development promotion of the Goc Mountain is in work on infrastructure quality. Municipality of Vrnjacka Banja plans to use tourism industry for revitalization of settlements on the Goc Mountain.
Cacak and its daily urban system: Second part
Authors: Stamenkovic Srboljub , Gataric Dragica
Published: October 2010

In this article, which is an integral part of our announcement published in the previous number of this publication, we examined commuting of school children and youth toward Cacak as well as from Cacak toward surrounding settlements in which, according to the census results in 2002, 2,330 pupils and students took part. The volume of pupils? and students? daily migrations of Cacak is approximately 4.3 times lower compared to the convergent and divergent daily migrations of its labor. That is why this type of continual daily migration has less importance in integration and transformation of the settlement network of Cacak and neighboring functional centers.
Some geographic characteristics of settlements in Bela Crkva basin in the context of regional development of the Krupanj commune
Authors: Sabic Dejan , Pavlovic Mila
Published: October 2010

In this paper we analyze influence of natural and socio-economical factors (demographic, historical, cultural, etc) on the genesis and overal development of the settlements in the Bela Crkva Valley in the context of regional development of the commune of Krupanj. We analyzed aspects of morpho-phisionomic, demographic, ethno-cultural, and functional characteristics of settlements in the Valley and the strategies of development.
Basic elements of rural tourism in Serbia
Authors: Todorovic Marina , Bjeljac Zeljko
Published: October 2010

Our aim is to define the importance of rural tourism in Serbia for the development of Serbian rural spaces generally. This paper presents Serbia as a country of varied, well-preserved Nature, with many attractive and representative elements, and with a developmental priority oriented towards ecological and village tourism, which has a strong chance on the choosy international tourist market. As the Serbian village tourism is only beginning to develop, we identified, in this paper, the potentials for its further development, but we also pointed out the weaknesses which are now obstructing the growth of this, in many ways the most important, form of tourism, in Serbia.
Traditional rural function in cultural landscape of Macva, Posavina and Pocerina
Authors: Grcic Ljiljana , Grcic Mirko
Published: October 2010

Cultural landscape of Macva, Pocerina and Posavina (western parts of Serbia) is transforming during the process of village urbanization. Within our sight, valuable and old objects of cultural inheritance are disappearing. Perception of cultural values of these objects, their preservation and protection are the fundament of mental identity as well as tourist development.
A possibility of spatial-functional protected natural assets coexistence in the urban landscapes: Belgrade case study
Authors: Djurdjic Snezana , Smiljanic Sanja
Published: October 2010

In this paper we will analyze specific reconciliation emergency of nature assets protection with a spatial and functional urban landscapes development trend. Due to multifunctional nature of urban landscapes, high level of air, water and land pollution, noise magnitude exalted influence, disarrangement of autochthony communications flows inside major nature complexes, as well as other forms of anthrop pressure on the nature assets, active protection process of such assets and theirs management becomes more and more complex. On the town Belgrade territory it is recorded more than 45 natural objects which are protected by law and are under custody and managemental regime that enable theirs sustainable existence in the dominantly anthropogenic landscape.
Digital elevation model and satellite images an assessment of soil erosion potential in the Pcinja catchment
Authors: Milevski Ivica , Dragicevic Slavoljub , Kostadinov Stanimir
Published: October 2010

Pcinja is large left tributary of Vardar River (135 km long, 2877,3 km2 catchment?s area), which drainages surface waters from northeastern Macedonia, and small part of southeastern Serbia. Because of suitable physical-geographic factors (geology, terrain morphology, climate, hydrology, vegetation coverage, soil composition, and high human impact), some parts of the catchment?s suffer significant erosion process. For this reason, it is necessary to research properly spatial distribution of erosion, then influence of physical and anthropogenic factors for the intensity of soil erosion, related erosion landforms (with morphology, genesis, evolution, soil erosion protection etc.). Earlier researches in the area have been performed generally with combination of cartographic and classic field analysis. But in last decades, there are new possibilities available like satellite images and digital elevation models. In this work has been presented the methodology of utilization of satellite images and DEM for erosion research, with analysis and comparisons of outcome data.
Doline morphometry of mt. Miroc using GIS methods
Authors: Telbisz Tamás , Mari László , Calic Jelena
Published: October 2010

Mt. Miroc doline karst evolution and its determining factors such as geology, relief and structure are analyzed using GIS tools. The 3064 dolines found in a 123 km2 area support the use of different statistical methods. Doline density (24.9 km-2) is relatively high and mean doline area (1697 m2) is relatively small. Both frequency analysis and field evidence suggest that doline karst evolution of the area is at a relatively young stage. Spatial distribution of the dolines is mainly determined by the Upper Jurassic limestone, and slope angle less than 12?. Furthermore, the anticline limbs and axis as well as the SW-NE trend fault lines are also in connection with doline density. However, doline long axis orientation is tpyically NW-SE, which is not in accordance with the observed rupture systems. Therefore, this issue requires further research.
Temperature conditions on July 2007 as extreme climatic phenomenon in Serbia
Authors: Andjelkovic Goran
Published: October 2010

According to other parts of the world extreme climatic phenomenon have passed beside Serbia. However, some of them appeared in our country. Beside extreme climatic phenomenon, extreme climatic seasons have great significance for geographic environment. During the 2007 July was has had high temperatures long lasted. The absolute maximal temperature has been achieved in Serbia. In Smederevska Palanka was registered 44.9?C. Those events deserves great scientific attention. in this paper we have considered in detailed those temperature conditions as unsuitable climatic phenomenon, especially in relation to range of extremity of temperature in Serbia.
Demographic features of old people in Belgrade
Authors: Devedzic Mirjana
Published: October 2010

The process of demographic ageing is one of the most apparent features of the demographic development of Serbia. The increase of the percentage of aged population is also present in Belgrade, although Belgrade itself, being the center of immigration and the major urban agglomeration, has a specific population development. This paper analyzes the dynamics and demographic features of the citizens of Belgrade older than 60, in the period between 1981 and 2000. It discusses the changes in gender and age distribution of this population group, as well as the processes of ageing and feminization of the elders. It also indicates related differences between the municipalities of Belgrade, as well as between the City of Belgrade, the Settlement of Belgrade and the settlements of Belgrade outside the inner urban zone.
Hypsometric distribution as a factor of some spatial-demographic changes in development of the settlements of Knjazevac community
Authors: Pavlovic Sanja , Jancic Marijana
Published: October 2010

The paper analyzes dependence of spatial-demographic tendencies in the development of 86 settlements of Knjazevac community on their hypsometric distribution. It deals with absolute and relative changes of total amount of population, agricultural population, as well as the populational size of settlements. The whole municipality is characterized with the concentration of the population in the lower hypsometric zones, settlements becoming smaller and, with the exception of the town centre, negative demographic developmental tendencies. Statistical analysis done on a period between 1971-2002 shows the dependence of majority of analyzed indexes on their altitude zone.
Village renewal in spatial plans of the community: Example of the SP of Subotica community
Authors: Secerov Velimir , Lukic Bogdan , Djordjevic Aleksandar
Published: October 2010

Spatial plans of communities, returned to legal framework in 2003 and imposed as obligation for all local communities in Serbia, present a strategic document for development, organization and protection of the whole territory of the community. The base for integral observation and treatment of the urban and rural settlements, within the local administrative area, has been set thereby. The current function of villages has been significantly changed regarding traditional organization and the essential role, that they used to have in the past. First of all, it is a consequence of an intensive deagrarization and industrialization/ urbanization, as a result of official (state) strategy in the middle of the 20. century. As a rule, these processes were painful for villages, leaving them depopulized, with varied age structure of the population and with new relation to agriculture, which led to economic stagnation, social fallow and unclear development perspectives as a consequence. The reconstruction of these areas is, therefore, of enormous interest for development of the whole territory of a community, as well as even intra-communal and broader, intra-regional and intra-national development.
Methodological concepts of cartography
Authors: Ikonovic Vesna , Zivkovic Dragica
Published: October 2010

Cartography is a science, technique and art. Cartography is organization and communication of geographical connected information in graphical and digital forms. That can include all conditions of data prepared for presentation and usage. Cartography in the cotemporary society is a system of diverse manifestation forms dominated by making and using traditional and virtual cartosemiotic models of reality and fiction. Cartography is dynamic science, which developing its disciplines according to demands of modern theory and needs of practical sciences, often tacking and overlaying with their researching fields. On that way there are becoming new disciplines (bridges between sciences), which not leading to new differentiations but their integrations. That new disciplines are: Cartoinformatics (geoinformation cartography), Geoicons and Geoimage.
Towards urban land recycling in Serbia
Authors: Stojkov Borislav
Published: October 2010

Cities in Serbia are passing through the initial phase of economic, social and physical renewal. At the same time the cities are confronted with major wave of investing by foreign and domestic investors. The majority of he investments are being directed to greenfield locations resulting with rapid decrease of agricultural land. With land problems in perspective as well as with new economic, demographic and social situation in Serbia, combined with the enormous problem of regional disbalance, the EU and USA experiences point out the urgent need of recycling building land and activating neglected or depleted locations within urban area. The idea of mobilizing brownfields i.e. unused industrial, military or communal structures and locations, should help in solving many economic, social and environmental problems in Serbian cities and towns. The article cites European experiences with brownfields and offers some measures, instruments and recommendations relating to city land recycling and activating brownfields in Serbia.
Complexity of environmental problems: Theoretical-methodological considerations
Authors: Miljanovic Dragana
Published: October 2010

Environmental problems, and human attempts to manage them, can be conceptualized as evolutionary complex systems. Environmental management problems are very complex and require considering numerous factors, such as environmental, economic and social aspects. The application of concept of integrated environmental management as an analytical framework and general methodology to support environmental problems governance is discussed in this paper.
Bioclimatology and ecoclimatology prospecting: Right out development
Authors: Pecelj Milovan , Milincic Miroljub , Pecelj Milica
Published: October 2010

This paper discusses fact that there is small number of articles about bioclimatic research in domestic scientific literature which is correlated with small number of bioclimatic researching projects. Authors want to emphasize that for changing this condition it is necessary to applying multidisciplinary approach to bioclimatic research. As an example of multidisciplinary approach in bioclimatic research it is representing mathematical model MENEX-5. This model opens a new opportunities for bioclimatic research of actual environmental problems, which are trigger by global climate change and destruction of ozone layer.
Tourist events in the area of West Morava
Authors: Bjeljac Zeljko , Curcic Nevena
Published: October 2010

In the current tourist offer, tourism of events presents a kind of tourism that could contribute to extending the tourist demand, especially towards natural and anthropogenic values of a tourist site or region. West Morava's area is the southernmost Panonian-subregion in Serbia, and is related to the valley of the West Morava River. This region is also one of the most visited tourist destinations in Serbia. The aim of this paper is to establish the correlation between the formal events and spa resorts, rural, cultural, and gastronomic tourism in the area which also presents a significant transitive tourist destination.
Analysis of environment elements in specific reservation of nature Stari Begej: Carska bara and principles of protection
Authors: Mrksa Milutin , Milanovic Misko
Published: October 2010

The aim of this article is presentation a realistic status of environment elements in specific reservation of nature Stari Begej - Carska Bara. This article is present exchanged status of elements whose after effect operated the tourism activity. Principles of protection is present, too. Specific reservation of nature is area which comprehend one or more extra value of nature. Principles of protection are necessary for route, control and following.
Risk of artificial lake 'Zavoj' to processes of erosion: Methodological, knowing and protecting aspect
Authors: Mustafic Sanja , Kostadinov Stanimir , Manojlovic Predrag
Published: October 2010

In this paper land erosion has been investigated from its temporal and spatial variability point of view. The aim of the application of contemporary soft wares and satellite observations was to create an adequate data base which allows faster and more adequate possibility for monitoring the intensity of erosive processes, as well as meaningful decision for application of different ways of anti erosive techniques of the most dangerous areas. Geomorphologic mapping of erosive processes using plane and satellite images has allowed rational planning of field observations and, at the other side very detailed establishing of the intensity of previous erosion. A new approach applied in this paper during data processing of all relevant parameters influencing erosion is based on using of software Geomedia 5.2 (Intergraph).
Seismism as genetic factor of landslides in Belica River basin
Authors: Milosevic Marko , Milanovic Ana
Published: October 2010

During map in Belica River Basin, it was found two areas with continuously developed landslides that could mark as sliding belt. Genetic analysis established that the development of the sliding belts can not be fully explained on the basis of geological or geomorphologic features. Therefore, it was accessed, in this paper, to seismic analysis as potential genetic factor of this colluvial process. This analysis is required to analyze of recent seismism as well as paleoseismism. Genetic characteristic of the earthquake has been analyzed on the basis of data collected during instrumental period as well as the structural and morphological characteristics of the river basin and its surroundings.
Natural basis of geoecological processes in the region Zupa Aleksandrovacka
Authors: Milincic Miroljub , Pecelj Milovan
Published: October 2010

Natural basis is a complex, dynamic and meaningful geospatial category. Although its intensity is subject to changes, it is both a permanent determinant of social development and a physical basis of geoecological processes. Due to its own development tendencies and more intensive and various anthropogenic influences, the relation between natural basis and human society is characterized by a specific structure and dynamics of geoecological processes. In the case study of the region Zupa Aleksandrovacka (despite its small territory), geoecological processes are characterized by a number of specific and detectable morpho-physionomical and morpho-functional elements and relations. Such a structure of geoecological processes provides geographical homogenity and individuality to the region of Zupa Aleksandrovacka.
Spatial interpolation of precipitation depending on elevation: Case study of the Skrapez River, Western Serbia
Authors: Kovacevic-Majkic Jelena , Strbac Dragoljub
Published: October 2010

In order to make an adequate basic dataset for a subsequent hydrological research, the study of interpolation of precipitation values from measurement stations (points) to large areas (areas) was done. Among many statistical interpolation methods that estimate precipitation values in unsampled areas (where there are no measurements or they are sparse), spatial interpolation method which includes relief (elevation) was chosen for the study. Inclusion of elevation parameter was done in order to minimize the extent of interpolation errors. Research was done in the catchments area of the Srkapez River (Western Serbia). Precipitation data were collected from 19 measurement stations for the period from 1961 to 2000. The reduction method was used for filling the missing data in the data set. The best framework for managing spatial (georeferred) data is Geographical Information System, enabling easier calculation and improved precision. Therefore, raster GIS was used for spatial interpolation of precipitation and for calculating mean annual precipitation value. Concerning the fact that the observed area is a mountainous region, where precipitation may change over short spatial scales, a DEM with a grid resolution of 100 m was used.
Cvijic's perception of geographical position of Serbia
Authors: Grcic Mirko
Published: October 2010

Jovan Cvijic was a great geographer from the first half of 20th century. In this article, we considered the issue of position and role that Serbia has at Balkan Peninsula, in the context of Cvijic's theory about 'characteristics of integration and permeation', as well as about the opposite 'characteristics of isolation and separation'. This theory has become important in recent time through its relation with the 'center-periphery' theory. The aim of this article is to compare Cvijic's images of the position of Serbia at the first half of 20th century with present situation.
Structure and aims of land utilization the municipality of Knic
Authors: Vujadinovic Snezana
Published: October 2010

Among developmental potentials of the municipality of Knic land is of primary significance. A survey of types and fertility land classes was presented in the paper. The structure of surfaces was analyzed according the way of utilization as well as changes that occurred due to construction of the river Gruza accumulation. Spatial differentiation of structural aims for the utilization of the whole land and agricultural one was carried out, which confirmed the physical-geographic and socio-economic heterogeneity of the area. It was pointed to numerous limiting factors of optimal exploitation of land fund (with a special review on shortening the properties). Appropriate measures and activities were also suggested.
The analysis of different types of factors that have influence on degree of graphical weight of thematic map
Authors: Urosev Natasa
Published: October 2010

We can define thematic maps as an graphical instrument for systematic presentation of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of spatial determinate occurrences and their relations. They can be powerful instrument in making decision in process of spatial governing. The thing that gives last judgment about situation in space is synthetic interpretation occurrences expressed by visual, functional and physiological factors. These factors give also the influence at graphical weight of thematic map, and also at quality of necessary information.
Souvenirs as a part of cultural heritage of population in function of tourist product
Authors: Ivkov-Dzigurski Andjelija , Kovacevic Tamara , Zakic Lolita
Published: October 2010

Current travels aiming at relaxation, entertainment and meeting other cultures and customs are becoming ever-demanding compared to travels in the near and distant past. Tourist offer has entered the phase when accommodation, food, favorable climate, even cultural and historical sights do not seem to be crucial factors which influence the decision of a contemporary man to visit the destination, which has been mainly achieved by the influence of mass media, fast information transfer as well as easy access to almost all world's tourist destinations. Cultural tourism has been motivated by the need of visiting places of attractive cultural and artistic content in order to meet, understand and respect the variety of local and regional cultures.
The evaluation of possibilities of sustainable tourism and recreation in the Mrtva Tisa area near Curug7
Authors: Nadj Imre
Published: October 2010

The preserved parts of the nature or areas that are inteded to be protected and well-planned in terms of harmonizing the nature and tourist activities and recreation could become potential eco-tourist attractions. The Tisa meander near Curug, the Dead Tisa, together with the fish pond 'Becej', presents a natural, though somewhat manaffected, environment. The paper offers an analysis of the indicators of sustainability which has shown that with proper valorisation and prevention of potential forms of degradation of water and landscape this oasis could provide people with recreation and tourist activities on the water (e.g. rowing), bird watching, as well as numerous gastronomical treats typical of this area.