bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Intensitas Radiasi Matahari di Manado dan Maros
Authors: Rifai Listya Dewi , Tongkukut Seni H. J. , Raharjo Slamet Suyitno
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan analisis intensitas radiasi matahari di Manado dan Maros dengan menganalisis pola grafik intensitas radiasi matahari terhadap sudut deklinasi matahari. Faktor pengaruh atmosfer dianalisis dari pola intensitas radiasi matahari terhadap curah hujan dengan metode regresi linear sederhana pada kedua daerah penelitian. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa nilai intensitas radiasi matahari di Maros lebih tinggi dibandingkan Manado sepanjang tahun, dengan Maros 133.121 gram.cal/cm², dan Manado 117.289 gram.cal/cm². Penerimaan intensitas radiasi matahari di Manado dan Maros dipengaruhi oleh intensitas curah hujan di kedua daerah, yaitu kenaikan curah hujan menurunkan intensitas radiasi matahari, disamping dipengaruhi oleh kondisi geografi lokal dan faktor tutupan awan.An analysis of solar radiation intensity in Manado and Maros had been performed by analyzing the chart pattern of the solar radiation intensity against angle of solar declination. The effect of atmosphere was analyzed using a simple linear regression method from the solar radiation intensity pattern against the precipitation at the two areas. The results showed that the solar radiation intensity value ​​in Maros was higher than that in Manado throughout the year, which were 133.121 gram.cal/cm² in Maros and 117.289 gram.cal/cm² in Manado. The solar radiation intensity in Manado and Maros was influenced by precipitation intensity in both regions, that was the increasing precipitation intensity decreased the solar radiation intensity, and by local geography and cloud factor.
Fotodegradasi Zat Warna Metanil Yellow Menggunakan Fotokatalis TiO2-Karbon Aktif
Authors: Togas Christmas , Wuntu Audy D. , Koleangan Harry S. J.
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan karbon aktif (KA) pada fotokatalis TiO2 serta aktivitas fotokatalitiknya dalam proses fotodegradasi zat warna metanil yellow. Penelitian diawali dengan pembuatan KA dari tempurung kelapa, kemudian dilakukan modifikasi fotokatalis TiO2–KA. Eksperiman fotodegradasi metanil yellow oleh fotokatalis TiO2–KA dilakukan dengan perbandingan berat TiO2:KA sebesar 9,9:0,1 dan 9,5:0,5 dan konsentrasi metanil yellow 2–50 ppm, serta variasi waktu penyinaran sinar UV selama 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 19 dan 20 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase proses fotodegradasi tertinggi diperoleh pada perbandingan berat TiO2:KA (9,9:0,1) dan aktivitas fotodegradasi semakin meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya waktu penyinaran.A research had been conducted to study the effect of the addition of activated carbon (AC) on TiO2 photocatalyst and its photocatalytic activity in photodegradation process of metanil yellow dye. The research was performed through the preparation of activated carbon from coconut shell and modification of photocatalyst TiO2–AC. Experiment of metanil yellow photodegradation by photocatalyst TiO2–AC was performed at the weight ratio of TiO2:AC of 9,9:0,1 and 9,5:0,5 with the concentrations of metanil yellow of 2–50 ppm, and time variations of UV rays irradiation of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 19 and 20 hours. The results showed that the highest percentage of photodegradation process obtained at the weight ratio of TiO2:AC of 9,9:0,1 and the photodegradation activity was increased along with increasing irradiation time
Penentuan Aktivitas Antioksidan Berdasarkan Nilai IC50 Ekstrak Metanol dan Fraksi Hasil Partisinya pada Kulit Biji Pinang Yaki (Areca vestiaria Giseke)
Authors: . Filbert , Koleangan Harry S. J. , Runtuwene Max R. J. , Kamu Vanda S.
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan nilai IC50 ekstrak metanol dan hasil partisinya dari ekstrak Areca vestiaria Giseke. Penelitian dimulai dengan proses maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol, kemudian dievaporasi pada suhu 40oC dan menghasilkan 27,3 g ekstrak pekat dari 330,2 g sampel. Selanjutnya, ekstrak metanol diuji aktivitas antioksidannya dan diperoleh nilai IC50 sebesar 8,3 ppm.. Ekstrak kemudian dipartisi dengan  pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat dan air dan dievaporasi. Seluruh fraksi kemudian diuji aktivitas antioksidannya dan fraksi etil asetat menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan yang paling baik dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 10,9 ppm.The purposes of this research were to determine the IC50 values from methanol extract and its extract partition of extract Areca vestiaria Giseke. The research was started with maceration process using methanol as a solvent, then evaporated at 40oC which produce 27,3 g extract from 330,2 g sample. After that, methanol extract was tested its antioxidant activity and the result of IC50 values ​​was 8,3 ppm. And then, the extract was partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water and evaporated. All of the fraction was then tested its antioxidant activity. Ethyl acetate fraction showed the best antioxidant activity with IC50 values ​​of 10,9 ppm.
Efek Fotoreduksi Besi dari Fraksi Daun Cengkih (Eugenia aromatica)
Authors: Datu Lysa L.
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menganalisis kandungan fitokimia fenolik, flavonoid, tanin dari limbah daun cengkih dan menguji kemampuannya dalam memfotoreduksi. Daun cengkih diekstrak dengan pelarut etanol 80% secara refluks selama 2 jam dan dipartisi dengan petroleum eter (PE), etil asetat (EA), n-butanol (B), etanol (E) dan akuades (Aq). Selanjutnya ekstrak hasil partisi dianalisis kandungan fitokimia fenolik, flavonoid, dan tanin. Pengujian fotoreduksi dilakukan pada cahaya flourescents dengan konsentrasi 1000 ppm selama 5 jam.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak EA memiliki kandungan fenolik, flavonoid dan tanin yang paling tinggi serta menunjukkan efek fotoreduksi yang baik dibandingkan ekstrak lainnya.Research had been carried out to analyze the phytochemicals phenolic, flavonoids, tannins of clove leave and test the ability in photoreduction. Clove leave extracted with ethanol 80% in reflux for 2 hours and partitioned with petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EA), n-butanol (B), ethanol (E) and aquades (Aq).  Then extracts were analyzed the content of phytochemicals phenolic, flavonoids, and tannins.  The results extract partition read on a spectrophotometer UV-Vis and IR. The photoreduction tests performed on fluorescent light with a concentration of 1000 ppm for 5 hours. The results showed that extract EA is the most high content of phenolic, flavonoids and tannins and good effects in photoreduction than other extracts.
Optimasi Instrumen GC Shimadzu-2014 Terhadap Beberapa Senyawa Metil Ester Asam Lemak (FAME)
Authors: Tanaty Muhammad Zaid M. M. , Pontoh Julius , Fatimah Feti
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai penentuan batas deteksi (LOD) dan respon faktor (RF) GC Shimadzhu-2014 terhadap beberapa senyawa metil ester asam lemak (FAME). Adapun kajian yang dilakukan meliputi pembuatan dan pengenceran larutan FAME standard serta analisis dengan GC sebanyak 2 kali pengulangan sehingga didapat kurva standar senyawa FAME. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan GC, kurva standar masing-masing senyawa FAME memiliki presisi yang cukup baik yakni berkisar antara 0.995-0.999. Pemisahan komponen-komponen FAME cukup baik terlihat dari kromatogram yang sesuai dengan jumlah komponen yang ada dalam campuran FAME dengan waktu retensi masing-masing komponen.Dari waktu retensi juga didapat faktor selektivitas yang menunjukkan seberapa baik senyawa FAME dapat dipisahkan.The research about the determination of the limit of detection (LOD) and the response faktors (RF) Shimadzhu GC-2014 against some of the compounds of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) has conducted. The study was conducted on the making and dilution FAME standard solution and analyzed by GC as much as 2 repetitions so that to get the standard curve FAME compounds. Based on the results of analysis by GC, standard curves of each FAME compounds has a fairly good precision that ranges from 0.995 to 0.999. Separation of FAME compoundspretty well seen fromthe chromatogram that corresponds to amounts of components in a mixture of FAME with a retention time of each component. From the retention time was also obtained selectivity factors that indicate how well the FAME compounds can be separated.
Metode Geolistrik Konfigurasi Dipol-dipol untuk Identifikasi Daerah Patahan Manado di Kecamatan Singkil Kota Manado
Authors: - As'ari -
Published: July 2019

Evaluasi potensi bencana gempa bumi membutuhkan data daerah sumber gempa yaitu daerah batas lempeng dan patahan-patahan aktif intra-lempengnya.Hambatan utama dalam evaluasi bahaya gempa yang bersumber di darat adalah keterbatasan data dari patahan aktif sebagai sumber gempa.Patahan Manado merupakan salah satu patahan di Sulawesi Utara, patahan ini menurut peta geologi melalui Kota Manado. Keberadaan patahan memerlukan identifikasi lebih lanjut menggunakan survei geofisika bawah permukaan. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi sifat Patahan Manado.Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Singkil yang merupakan wilayah yang dilalui Patahan Manado. Eksplorasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode geolistrik tahanan jenis konfigurasi dipol-dipol. Data diolah dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Res2dinv, dan dihasilkan tampang lintang resistivitas 2 dimensi bawah permukaan bumi. Patahan Manado di identifikasi sebagai rekahan dengan nilai resistivitas ρ ≤ 26 Ωm. Pada lintasan 1 rekahan terletak di posisi elektroda 1 – 14, yaitu pada meter ke 5 – 70 dengan kedalaman 0 – 20 m. Pada lintasan 2 rekahan dijumpai pada elektroda 17 – 22,5 yaitu pada posisi meter ke 85 – 115 dengan kedalaman 0 - 16 m.TEvaluation of potential earthquake needs data source area which is the area of ​​plate boundaries and active inter-plate faults. The main problem in the evaluation of seismic hazard that originates on land is limited data on active faults as the source of earthquake. Manado Fault is one fault in North Sulawesi, this fault according to the geological map through the city of Manado. The existence of a fault requires further identification using subsurface geophysical surveys. The research aims to identify the character of Manado fault. Location of research conducted in the District Singkil which is a region traversed Manado Fault. Exploration conducted by using geoelectric resistivity dipole-dipole configuration. The data were processed using the RES2DINV software, and the resulting cross section of the two-dimensional resistivity of the subsurface of the earth. Manado Fault identified as fractures or joint to the value of resistivity ρ ≤ 26 Ωm. In path 1 fractures located at the position of electrodes 1-14, ie the meter to 5-70 with a depth of 0-20 m. In path 2, fractures encountered in the electrode 17 to 22.5 meters that is in a position to 85-115 at a depth of 0-16 m.
Identifikasi Dan Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat Suku Dani Di Kabupaten Jayawijaya Papua
Authors: - Juliana Mabe , Simbala Herny E.I , - Roni Koneri
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikas spesies tumbuhan yang berkhasiat sebagai obat dan cara penggunaannya sebagai obat tradisional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey eksploratif dan Participatory Rural Appraisal melalui wawancara dengan dukun kampung bersamaan dengan pengambilan sampel dan identifikasi tumbuhan obat di lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian identifikasi dan pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat di 9 desa di Kecamatan Asologaima, Kurulu dan Wamena, ditemukan 16 spesies tumbuhan obat dari 12 famili yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat setempat dengan khasiat  dan cara penggunaan yang berbeda-beda dan sederhana namun umumnya dengan merebus tumbuhan dan air rebusannya diminum. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai November 2015. Berdasarkan habitusnya yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah semak sedangkan bagian tumbuhan yang banyak digunakan adalah bagian daun.This research aims for identifying plant species which particularly have ability as medicine and can be used as traditional medicine. Research methods used are explorative survey and Participatory Rural Appraisal through interview with a village shaman (or called person who has ability and experience with traditional medicine) followed with sampling and identifying medication plant in research location. Result of identifying research and used of medication plant in 9 villages in Asologaima, Kurulu, and Wamena Districts, found that 16 species of plant medication of 12 family which used by local society with different benefits and the way it is used and simple but commonly with boiled the medication and drink the water. This research held in September to November 2016. Based on the place of habits the most found plants is shrub, meanwhile the most useful part of the plant is leaf
Karakterisasi Bahan Selulosa Dengan Iradiasi Pretreatment Gelombang Mikro Terhadap Serbuk Kayu Cempaka Wasian (Elmerillia Ovalis) Di Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Pangau Jeafert R , Sangian Hanny F , Lumi Benny M.
Published: July 2019

Kayu cempaka (Elmerrillia ovalis) adalah salah satu jenis tanaman kayu yang dipakai dalam pembuatan rumah adat/rumah panggung dan paling banyak dijumpai di Sulawesi Utara.  Industri pembuatan rumah ini menghasilkan limbah kayu dari proses pengergajian. Kayu memiliki komponen kimia utama yaitu selulosa, hemi-selulosa dan lignin yang mana dua komponen pertama dapat dikonversi menjadi gula dan etanol. Modifikasi struktur lignoselulosa yaitu dengan melakukan perlakuan/pretreatment lewat pemanasan dari gelombang mikro (microwave) supaya pemanasan bahan merata/homogen.  Keberhasilan modifikasi struktur selulosa dapat dilihat berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi X-RD memperlihatkan bahwa terjadi penurunan kristalinitas ketika dilakukan pretreatment dengan iradiasi gelombang mikro, untuk analisis SEM mengalami  perubahan morfologi permukaan struktur, dan untuk analisis gugus fungsi lewat analisis FT-IR  yang menunjukkan adanya gerak vibrasi.Wood ofcempaka (Elmerrillia ovalis) is one of woody plants used in making traditional house/stage house and most often found in North Sulawesi.  Home-making industry produced wood waste from sawing process. Wood has main chemical components i.e. cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin which the first two components can be converted into sugar and ethanol. Modification of lignocellulosic structure was by the microwave pretreatment for homogeneous heating. The successful modifications of cellulose ware analysed by X-RD showed decreasing of crystallinity; by SEM showed surface morphological changing, and by FT-IR showed vibration motion.
Simulasi Penjalaran Gelombang Tsunami di Pesisir Pantai Utara Pulau Halmahera
Authors: Sangkoy Fanya , Pasau Guntur , Tamuntuan Gerald
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan simulasi penjalaran gelombang tsunami di pesisir pantai utara pulau Halmahera. Lokasi penelitian berada pada kooordinat   -  LU dan -  BT. Metode penelitian meliputi: mengumpulkan data gempa tektonik dari NOAA, melakukan perhitungan panjang patahan, lebar patahan, dan deformasi dasar laut, melakukan simulasi dengan software WinITDB. Hasil simulasi dalam bentuk grafik tinggi gelombang dan waktu tiba gelombang tsunami. Dari hasil simulasi yang telah dilakukan, salah satu wilayah yang masuk dalam klasifikasi sangat berbahaya adalah Wayamli karena tinggi maksimum gelombang tsunami 3 m.A simulation of tsunami wave transmission on the north coast of Halmahera Island has been done. The research coordiantes are at -  north latitude and -  east longitude. Research method covers these: collecting tectonic earthquake data from NOAA, calculating the length and width of the fracture and the seafloor deformation, and carrying the simulation out using winTDB software. The simulation result is presented in the form of maximum height graph and arrival time of tsunami wave. According to the simulation’s result that has been done, one of the regions that classified as highly-dangerous is Wayamli, since its maximum waveheight is 3 m
Pemetaan Aair Tanah Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik Tahanan Jenis Konfigurasi Dipol-dipol Di Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Authors: Husain Mirna , _ As’ari , Tongkukut Seni H.J.
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mendeteksi keberadaan air tanah di area Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode geolistrik  resistivitas tahanan jenis konfigurasi Dipol-dipol.  Akuisisi data menggunakan Multichannel and Multielectrode resistivity an IP meter 48 simultaneous channel merek MAE X 612-EM. Pengukuran dilakukan pada 11 lintasan dengan panjang masing-masing lintasan 480 meter. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Res2Dinv dengan hasil berupa gambar tampang lintang resistivitas model bawah permukaan 2D yang digunakan untuk menentukan posisi akuifer air tanah.Hasil menunujukkan bahwa adanya lapisan batuan dengan nilai resistivitas rendah yaitu    280 Ωm. Nilai resistivitas yang merupakan lapisan pembawa air adalah   25,93 Ωm. Posisi akuifer diperoleh pada lintasan 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 dan 9.of Sam Ratulangi area.The research used the dipole-dipole configuration resistivity geoelectic method. Data acquisitions is using Multichannel and Multielectrode resistivity an IP meter 48 simultaneous channel of MAE X 612-EM types. The measurement is done on 11 lines with length of each line is 480 meters. Data processing has been done by using Res2Dinv software and resulted of 2D resistivity subsurface model which  used to determine the groundwater aquifer position.The results show that the existence of rock layer with low resistivity is    280 Ωm. The resistivity of rock layer of the water aquifer is    25,93 Ωm. Position of aquifer are obtained in the 1,3,5,7,8, and 9 lines.
Aktivitas Penghambatan Oksidasi Asam Linoleat Ekstrak Metanol Daun Soyogik (Saurauia bracteosa DC) dengan Metode Ferric Thiocyanate
Authors: Rotty Marsella , Runtuwenen Max R.J. , Kamu Vanda S.
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan kandungan total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak metanol daun soyogik (Saurauia bracteosa DC) sebagai peredam radikal bebas asam linoleat. Kandungan total fenolik diukur dengan metode Folin-Ciocalteu sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan diukur dengan metode FTC (Ferric Thiocyanate) untuk mengetahui kemampuan penghambatan peroksida pada tahap pertama oksidasi lipid.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol memiliki kandungan total fenolik sebesar 99,67 mg/kg dan kemampuan dalam menghambat oksidasi asam linoleat sebesar 49,464%.This research has been conducted to measure the total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of methanol extract of soyogik leaves (Saurauia bracteosa DC) as a reducer of free radicals linoleic acid. The total phenolic content was measured using folin-ciocalteu method, meanwhile the antioxidant activity was measured using FTC (Ferric Thiocyanate) method and to determine the peroxide inhibitory capability in the first stages of lipid peroxidation. The results showed that the methanol extract had a total phenolic content of 99, 67 mg/kg and peroxide inhibition of 49, 464%
Rancang Bangun Alat Pengukur Suhu Tanah Secara Multi Lateral Berbasis Mikrokontroler Untuk Pertumbuhan Benih Tanaman
Authors: Suoth Verna Albert , Mosey Handy I.R
Published: July 2019

Suhu merupakan sifat tanah yang amat penting. Kebutuhan suhu tanah bagi tanaman berbeda-beda bergantung kepada jenis tanaman dan juga tingkat pertumbuhannya. Oleh karena itu telah dikembangkan sebuh alat pengukur suhu yang dapat mengontrol  suhu tanah secara update dan real time sebaran suhu bawah permukaan. Alat yang dibangun ini terdapat 20 sensor suhu yang menggunakan IC LM35 yang membentuk sebuah elettroda. Sensor suhu ini dihubungkan ke sistem pengkondisi sinyal. Sinyal ini kemudian proses ke sistem akusisi data dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler AVR ATmega8 yang berfungsi untuk akuisisi data. Sistem yang bangun terintegrasi dengan personal computer (PC), yang berfungsi kontrol dan data base. Alat ini telah aplikasikan pada lahan pertanian dan data yang telah diperoleh, digunakan sebagai parameter fisis dalam memantau suhu tanah baik sebelum penanaman bahkan sampai tanaman bertumbuh.Temperature is an important soil properties. Soil temperature requirements for plants varies depending on the type of plant and its growth rate also. Therefore has developed a temperature measuring device that can control the temperature of the soil in the update and real time distribution of subsurface temperature. This tool was built there were 20 temperature sensors that use the IC LM35 which form an electrode. This temperature sensor is connected to the signal conditioning. The signals are processed by the data acquisition system using microcontroller AVR ATmega8. The system was built with integrated personal computer (PC), which serves to control and data base. This tool has been applied on agricultural land and the data that has been obtained is used as a physical parameter in monitoring the temperature of the soil well before planting even until the plants grow.
Model Percepatan Tanah Maksimum Di Kota Manado Menggunakan Metode Donovan dan McGuire
Authors: Pasau Guntur , Bobanto Maria Daurina , Pandara Dolfie P.
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan analisis percepatan tanah maksimum gempa bumi di Kota Manado menggunakan metode Donovan dan McGuire. Kota Manado merupakan bagian dari lengan utara Pulau Sulawesi terletak pada batas pertemuan beberapa lempeng besar sehingga wilayah ini sangat rawan akan goncangan gempa bumi. Upaya mitigasi perlu dilakuakn sejak dini untuk memperkecil dampak resiko gempa bumi tersebut. Salah satu upaya mitigasi adalah memetakan percepatan tanah maksimum (peak ground acceleration) di permukaan. Penentuan variasi nilai percepatan tanah maksimum menggunakan metode Donovan dan metode McGuire. Data yang digunakan adalah data hypocenter gempa yang dikumpulkan dari dua katalog yakni data USGS dan ANSS selama selang pengamatan Februari 1963 sampai Agustus 2017 meliputi radius 500 km dari Kota Manado. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa percepatan tanah maksimum di Kota Manado menggunkan metode Donovan sekitar 42.12 gal sampai dengan 51.82 gal sedangkan metode Mc Guire diperoleh nilai percepatan tanah sekitar 59.13 gal sampai 72.53 gal.The peak ground acceleration analysis in Manado city has been done using Donovan and McGuire method. Manado City is part of the north arm of Sulawesi Island located at the boundary of several major plate meetings so that this region is very prone to earthquake shocks. Mitigation efforts need to be done early to minimize the impact of the earthquake risk. One mitigation effort is to map the peak ground acceleration on the surface. Determination of peak ground acceleration variation using the Donovan and McGuire method. The data used are earthquake hypocenter data collected from two catalogs namely USGS and ANSS data during the observation interval February 1963 to August 2017 covering a radius of 500 km from Manado City. The result of the analysis shows that the peak ground acceleration in Manado City uses Donovan method about 42.12 gal up to 51.82 gal while Mc Guire method obtained the peak ground acceleration a value of  about 59.13 gal to 72.53 gal.
Identifikasi Bidang Gelincir Dengan Eksplorasi Geolistrik Dalam Upaya Mitigasi Bencana Alam Tanah Longsor Di Desa Tinoor
Authors: Tunena Mercyas , - As’ari , Tamuntuan Gerald H.
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan struktur bawah permukaan di Jalan Raya Manado - Tomohon, di Desa Tinoor  untuk mencari keberadaan bidang gelincir sebagai mitigasi bencana alam tanah longsor. Pengukuran dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan resistivitymeter MAE 612-EM, dengan jumlah elektroda yang dipakai 32 buah, spasi 2 meter, panjang lintasan 64 meter, jumlah ,lintasan 4, dan menggunakan metode geolistik resistivity konfigurasi Wenner Alfa. Data dengan format DAT diolah menggunakan software notepad dan res2dinv. Hasil pengolahan adalah tampang lintang resistivity 2D bawah permukaan yang menggambarkan keberadaan bidang gelincir.Hasil penelitian diperoleh lapisan lempung pasiran yang merupakan bagian dari bidang gelincir dengan resistivitas (30 - 215) Ω.m. Lokasi lapisan lempung pasiran pada lintasan 1 didapatkan 3 lokasi, lintasan 2 didapatkan 4 lokasi, lapisan 3 didapatkan 1 lokasi, dan lintasan 4 didapatkan 2 lokasi. Lokasi lempung pasiran terdapat pada kedalaman  (1 - 6) meter dengan panjang (12 - 14) meterThis research aims to map the subsurface structure on the Manado - Tomohon main road, in Tinoor Village to find the existence of the slip surface as the mitigation of landslide disaster. The measurements in this research were carried out by using the MAE 612-EM resistivitymeters, with 32 electrodes, 2 meters spacing, 64 of meter line length, number of line 4, and using  Wenner Alfa configuration geoelectric resistivity method. Data with DAT format is processed using notepad and res2dinv software's. The result of this prosessing is a cross-sectional resistivity 2D, that describe the existence of the slip surface.The result was obtained that the sandclay layer which is part of the slip surface with resistivity 30 - 215 ohm meter. The location of sandclay layers on line 1 was found 3 locations, line 2 was found 4 locations, line 3 was found 1 location, and line 4 was found 2 locations. The location of the sandclay is at depth (1-6) meters with length (12-14) meters.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur Endofit Pada Tumbuhan Paku Asplenium nidus
Authors: - Suhartina , Kandou Febby E.F. , Singkoh Marina F.O.
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi jamur endofit pada tumbuhan paku Asplenium nidus. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah isolasi jamur endofit, pemurnian jamur endofit, dan identifikasi jamur endofit secara makroskopik dan mikroskopik. Hasil isolasi dan pemurnian jamur endofit diperoleh lima isolat jamur endofit yaitu AN1, AN2, AN3, AN4 dan AN5. Teridentifikasi sebagai genus Gliocladium, Neoscytalidium, Humicola, Phialophoroides dan Aspergillus.This study aims to isolate and identify endophytic fungi in Asplenium nidus. The method used in this research is endophytic fungal isolation, purification of endophytic fungi, and identification of macroscopic and microscopic endophytic fungi. Results of isolation and purification of endophytic fungi obtained five endofit fungal isolates are AN1, AN2, AN3, AN4 and AN5. Identified as genus Gliocladium, Neoscytalidium, Humicola, Phialophoroides and Aspergillus.
Variasi Genetik Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) berdasarkan Gen Cytochrome C Oxidase I
Authors: Kairupan Claudius F. , Pelealu Jantje , Mamahit Juliet M.E.
Published: July 2019

Daerah Modoinding dan Tomohon di Sulawesi Utara, dikenal sebagai  daerah penghasil sayuran kubis di Indonesia. Sayuran kubis memiliki hama utama yaitu Plutella xylostella. Penyebab serangga ini dapat bertahan hingga saat ini karena adanya sifat resistensi akibat pemberian insektisida yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis variasi pada gen cytochrome C oxidase IPlutella xylostella yang diperoleh dari dua lokasi yang berbeda, yaitu Modoinding dan Tomohon. Analisis sekuens menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pasang basa nukleotida dari sampel yang berbeda lokasi. Selain itu, variasi juga ditunjukkan pada sampel yang diperoleh dari basis data GenBank dengan adanya perbedaan 1-14 pasang basa nukleotida dengan spesimen pada penelitian ini. Hubungan kekerabatan gen COI P. xylostella keseluruhan sampel tergolong dalam variasi intraspesies dengan nilai jarak genetik berkisar antara 0-0,022 (0-2,20%).Modoinding and Tomohon areas in North Sulawesi, are known as regions in Indonesia that produce a cabbage. The main pest of cabbage, Plutella xylostella. This insect can survive due to its resistance resulted from prolonged insecticide application. This study aims to analyze genetic variation of COI genes in P. xylostella from Modoinding and Tomohon areas. Sequence analysis showed there were differences in nucleotide base pairs between these locations. In addition, variations were also shown in samples obtained from the GenBank database with differences in 1-14 nucleotide base pairs with specimens in this study. The genetic relationship of P. xylostella COI gene in all samples was classified as intraspecific variation with genetic distance values ranging from 0-0,022 (0-2,20%).D aerah Modoinding dan Tomohon di Sulawesi Utara, dikenal sebagaidaerah penghasil sayuran kubis di Indonesia. Sayuran kubis memilikihama utama yaitu Plutella xylostella. Penyebab serangga ini dapatbertahan hingga saat ini karena adanya sifat resistensi akibat pemberianinsektisida yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisisvariasi pada gen cytochrome C oxidase I Plutella xylostella yang diperolehdari dua lokasi yang berbeda, yaitu Modoinding dan Tomohon. Analisissekuens menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pasang basa nukleotida darisampel yang berbeda lokasi. Selain itu, variasi juga ditunjukkan padasampel yang diperoleh dari basis data GenBank dengan adanyaperbedaan 1-14 pasang basa nukleotida dengan spesimen padapenelitian ini. Hubungan kekerabatan gen COI P. xylostella keseluruhansampel tergolong dalam variasi intraspesies dengan nilai jarak genetikberkisar antara 0-0,022 (0-2,20%).
Purification of carp (Cyprinus carpio) kidney cathepsin C
Authors: Pangkey Henneke , Lantu Sartje
Published: July 2019

Pemurnian enzim cathepsin C diperoleh melalui penggunaan colom kromatografi S-Sepharose FF, Sephacryl S-200 HR, Concanavalin A-Agarose, Affi-gel 501 dan DEAE-Sephacel. Dari 160 g ginjal ikan mas diperoleh 0,33 mg enzim cathepsin C, dengan hasil pemurnian 150 kali. Berat molekul cathepsin C adalah 170 kDa yang terdiri dari 5 subunit, dengan berat molekul berkisar antara 10 sampai 20 kDa. Cathepsin C adalah oligomerik protein dan aktif sebagai eksopeptidase (pH 5) maupun endopeptidase (pH 7)
Studi Parameter Fisika Kimia Air pada Areal Budidaya Ikan di Danau Tondano, Desa Paleloan, Kabupaten Minahasa
Authors: Tatangindatu Frits , Kalesaran Ockstan , Rompas Robert
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research was to analyze the physical and chemical parameters of waters (temperature, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, phosphate, ammonia and BOD) around net cage culture area at Peleloan Village, Minahasa Regency and to determine the suitable culture site supporting optimal growth of fish. water quality was measured at three sites. Temperature, turbidity, and pH were measured in situ while dissolved oxygen, nitrate, phosphate, ammonia and BOD were analised in laboratorium. Research results showed water temperature at all observation sites ranged from 25.5-28.2 0C, turbidity 2.02-3.15 m, pH 6.8 – 8.2, DO 7.41-7.77 mg/L, nitrate 0.3-0.5 mg/L, phosphate 0.00-0.4 mg/L, ammonia 0.13-0.77 mg/L. Based on water quality standard criteria stated in PP No. 82, 2001, temperature, turbidity, pH, DO and nitrate at fish culture area were suitable for floating and stick net cage cultures but ammonia at all sites of observation, phosphate at site I at 0.5 m from the bottom and BOD at site III at 0.5 m from the bottom were exceeding the standard criteria. Keywords: water physical and chemical Parameters, floating net cage, Lake Tondano, Paleloan Village
Analisis kualitas fisika kimia air di areal budidaya ikan Danau Tondano Provinsi Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Maniagasi Richard , Tumembouw Sipriana S. , Mudeng Yoppy
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to analyse the water physical-chemical qualities at aquaculture area in Lake Tondano North Sulawesi. Water quality was measured in situ and in laboratotium. In situ measurement included temperature, pH, and turbidity, while in laboratory, water quality measured included dissolved oxygen, nitrogen, phosphate. It was found that water temperature ranged from 25 - 27 o C, turbidity 0.20 - 4,0 m, and dissolved oxygen 5 – 9 mg/L, Nitrogen 0,0334 - 0,0697 mg/ L, phosphate 0 - 0,0219 mg/ L. It was concluded that water quality around Paleloan Village was appropriate for aquaculture activity. Keywords: water quality, aquaculture, Paleloan Village
Pertumbuhan rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii yang dibudidayakan bersama Eucheuma denticulatum dengan komposisi berbeda
Authors: Pandensolang Meichel , Salindeho Indra , Mudeng Joppy D
Published: July 2019

The objective of this study was to determine the growth of seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii cultivated with Eucheuma denticulatum with different composition. This research was carried out for six weeks, from March to April 2013, in the coastal waters of Sondaken village, Tatapaan District, South Minahasa regency, North Sulawesi. The experiment was designed according to completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications. The four tested treatments were the different composistion of tied seaweed in a long-line raft, where treatment A: 100% K. alvarezii, ; B: 50% K. alvarezii and 50% E. denticulatum, on each culture line, two types of algae were tied in sequence; C: 75% K. alvarezii and 25% E. denticulatum, in which in each line, every three bunch of K. alvarezii was followed by one bunch of E. denticulatum; D: 25% of K. alvarezii and 75% E. denticulatum, on each culture line, every three bunch of E. denticulatum was followed by one bunch of K. alvarezii. Each experimental unit was a 3m x 3,4m rectangular line raft containing four culture lines where the bunch of the tested seaweed were tied. Data collection was performed every two weeks by weighing the tested K alvarezii. The data were statistically analyzed (ANOVA) using JMP statistical program (SAS-institute). The results showed that absolut growth, relative growth and daily growth rate of K. alvarezii was not significantly affected by the tested treatments (Prob> F > 0.5). Thus, the occurence of E. denticulatum in whatever abundance in K. alvarezii cultivation area will not affect the growth of K. alvarezii. Keywords: Seaweed, K. alvarezii, E. denticulatum, growth
Analisis finansial usaha budidaya rumput laut berdasarkan uji pertumbuhan bibit dengan dengan jarak ikat berbeda
Authors: Gaghaube Agus , Ngangi Edwin L.A , Mudeng Joppy D. Mudeng D
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the financial feasibility of the test Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed cultivated with different seed tight distance. The study was conducted in Talengen Bay, Tabukan Tengah, Regency of Sangihe Islands from April to May 2013. Seed tight distance as treatment consisted of A = 10 cm, B = 20 cm, and C = 30 cm. Seaweed was cultivated using surface long-line with initial weight of seed per bond was 100 g. Containers measuring 16 x 10 m² were divided into nine small plot of 4 x 2 m² , each with three ris. The trial was conducted for over 42 days, and weighed every 14 days. Results obtained displayed the best growth was achieved at treatment C (distance of 30 cm) followed by distance of 20 cm, and 10 cm. Analysis of total revenue (total profit) found that seedlings 10 cm distance seed tight was the highest, followed by distance 20 cm and 30 cm. Income level analysis results (profit rate) found that 30 cm distance was the highest, followed by distance 10 cm and 20 cm. As conclusion, the cultivation of seaweed K. alvarezzi was financially viable based on 30 cm seed tight distance. Keywords: Kappaphycus alvarezii, total profit, profit rate, Talengen Bay
Laboratory analysis of ammonium and nitrate concentration of Malalayang Beach Waters
Authors: Waropen Laurina , Tumembouw Sipriana S
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the study was to measure the concentration of ammonium and nitrate of Malalayang Beach Waters. The water was sampling from three sampling stations that were considered to be representative for Malalayang Beach Waters. Methods of sampling techniques, descriptive field survey techniques and sampling locations, were performed at 3 places that were considered to represent the characteristics of Malalayang waters. The results of the Field Work Practice determined that this several sampling methods used sea water is one of Ammonium, point 1 by: 0.745 mg / L, point 2 of: 0.752 mg / L, point 3 of: 0,833 mg / L, while nitrate 1 point for: 4.8 mg / L, point 2 of: 2.7 mg / L, point 3 at: <0.5 mg / L. The conclusion is that the water quality is good for a body of water that is in a situation where the existing parameters in these waters can be maintained and controlled well and remains stable at all times so as to achieve an optimal state as a habitat for fish and for aquaculture.   Keyword: Sea water, Parameters, Analysis, Ammonium, Nitrate
Kelayakan Lokasi untuk Pengembangan Budi Daya Karang Hias di Teluk Talengen Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe
Authors: Silalahi Diany R.A , Ngangi Edwin L.A , Undap Suzanne L
Published: July 2019

A research had been conducted to study the condition of waters environment and water quality appropriate for the culture of ornamental coral at Talengen Bay and to analyze its financial feasibility.  This research was conducted at Talengen Bay, Regency of Sangihe Archipelago through observation method.  Observation station representing the characteristic of Talengen Waters included at the center of the bay, at downstream, and behind the “teripang” culture area.  Waters condition data were protection, bottom substrate, flow rate, depth, turbidity, pH, salinity, temperature, dissolve oxygen, nitrate, phosphate, and total suspended solid.  Financial feasibility data were obtained from secondary data and interview with respondents.  The data were analyze descriptively.  In general, water condition at Talengen Bay was suitable for the development of ornamental coral culture.  Flow rate at Talengen Bay was lower than standard criteria and thus required certain consideration. Financially the ornamental coral culture at Talengen Bay provided positive benefits.  Its total revenue achieved Rp. 193.582.000,00  and profit rate as much as 81.91%. Keywords :  Talengen Bay, ornamental coral, site feasibility, financial feasibility
Pemanfaatan tepung kulit pisang kepok (Musa balbisiana colla) dalam formulasi pakan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Jeharu Albertus A.Y , Lumenta Cyska , Sampekalo Julius
Published: July 2019

The objectives of this research was to determine the effect of feeding with different compositions of meal banana skin to the relative growth, absolute growth, feed efficiency and the best value for tilapia fish. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Aquaculture Technology Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences of Sam Ratulangi University. The fish samples used in the study was tilapia fish with a length of 3-5 cm with an average weight of 0.8-1 g.  Feed used as treatments contanined different banana skin powder including treatment A:10%, B 20%,  C 30%,  D 40%, and E 50% banana skin powder. Fish was cultured in an aquarium equipped with a recirculation system. The parameters observed included absolute growth, relative growth and feed efficiency value. The experimental design used was complete randomized design (CRD) with five treatments, each with three replications. The results showed that feeding with feed containing 20%banana skin powder gave the highest absolute growth value of 2.93. Feeding with 10% banana skin powder gave the highest relative growth (363%) the highest feed efficiency value is 46.6%. Keywords: banana skin powder (Musa balbisiana colla), absolute growth, relative growth, feed efficiency, Oreochromis niloticus
Aplikasi teknologi bioflok (BFT) pada kultur ikan nila, Orechromis niloticus)
Authors: Ombong Frandy , Salindeho Indra R.N
Published: July 2019

This study was aimed to find out the growth rate of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultured with biofloc technology, and to understand the dynamic of several water quality parameters during culture period. This experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Aquaculture Technology, FPIK, UNSRAT.  Several substances were added to stimulate the development of biofloc, which were: 0,3 mL of EM-4 containing probiotic-bacteria Lactobacillus casei dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae.; 15 mL of mollases;  0,5 g of  yeast commonly used to ferment soybean ; 12 g of dolomite.    60 seeds of  nile tilapia,  with an individual weight of 6 g, were stocked in each container.   Fish were fed at a dose of 3% of the total biomass/day at the first week, and the dose was decreased  down to 1% of the total biomass per day afterwards.  Fish were weighed at day-1, day-15 and day-30.   The change of water color and the density of the floc was consistently evaluated using imhoff-cone. The initial weight of the tested individual fish were 6,00 g. After 15 days, the weight was increased to 7,37g, and at the end of the experiment the individual fish weighed 11,47 g. Hence, the absolut growth of the tested fish was 5,47g,  the specific growth rate was 91% and the daily growth rate was 2,11%.    The density of flok reached 9,5 mL/L at the beginning of the second week, which was categorized as very high density.   The density of floc then was decreased to 4 mL/L.   The density of the floc was maintained around 5 mL/L during the experiment. The temperature of the medium was at the range of 26-300C.  The level of ammonia was 0,03mg/L and  the level of  nitrite fluctuated between 0,15-3mg/L, which is normal and safe for biofloc system.  The level of nitrate was 4-55 mg/L, which was quite high for biofloc system but not harmful for fish.   Keywords:  Biofloc, Nile-Tilapia, growth, floc-density
Identifikasi dan prevalensi ektoparasit pada ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) di kolam budidaya Kampung Hiung, Kecamatan Manganitu, Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe
Authors: Manurung Usy N , Gaghenggang Fatmawati
Published: July 2019

A research had been conducted to identify and analyze the prevalence of ectoparasites on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultured in Kampung Hiung, Manganitu District of Sangihe Island Regency during May 2016. Identification was conducted at The Laboratory of Fisheries and Maritime, Polytechnic of Negeri Nusa Utara.  The research found five parasite species infecting nile tilapia including Dactylogyrus sp, Oodinum sp, Lerneae sp, Gyrodactylus sp and Trichodina sp. The highest prevalence value was Dactylogyrus sp (86.67%), followed by Oodinium sp (33,33 %), Lerneae sp (13,33%), Gyrodactylus sp (6.67%) and Trichodina sp (6.67%) Keywords:  parasite, identification, prevalence, Oreochromis niloticus
Pengaruh perbedaan jenis pakan terhadap pertumbuhan lobster laut, Panulirus versicolor
Authors: Makasangkil Lestari , Salindeho Indra R.N. , Lumenta Cyska
Published: July 2019

The aim of the research was to find out the growth rate of the marine lobster, Panulirus versicolor, fed different types of diets.   The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Aquaculture Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University.  The experiment was set up  in 3 treatments, which were three different types of diet: treatment-A: papaya leaves, treatment-B: coconut flesh, treatment-C: skipjack-fish flesh.  Each treatment was triplicated.  The tested lobsters were collected from the marine waters of the Likupang village, North Minahasa Regency.  The tested lobsters were weighed at the beginning,  at the end of the experiment, and at the interval of 14 days during the experiment period. The data of the body weight change were statistically analysed using the analysis of the homogeneity of the 3 different linear regression coefficients, between time (X) and the body weight of the lobsters (Y) fed different types of feed, at the confidence test level a = 5% and 1%.  The results show that the body weight of the tested lobsters fed skipjack-fish flesh increased 4 grams after 30 days of the rearing period.  The body weight of the tested lobsters fed papaya leaves decreased 11 g, and the body weight of those fed coconut flesh decreased 3 g after 30 days of the rearing period.  The result of the regression analysis shows, the assumption that the 3 regression coefficients are homogenous is rejected.  In other words, there is a significant difference among the growth rates of the tested lobsters fed different type of diets.  Compared to skipjack-fish flesh, the papaya leaves and coconut flesh significantly slow down the level of the water quality degradation during experiment period.Keywords:  diets, growth, marine-lobster
Identifikasi bakteri patogen pada ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) di lokasi budidaya ikan air tawar Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe
Authors: Manurung Usy N. , Susantie Darna
Published: July 2019

This research aimed to identify pathogenic bacteria that infected nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivated at five Districts in Tahuna Regency including Tamako, Kecamatan, Tabukan Tengah, Tabukan Utara,  Manganitu and Tahuna Districts, and to analyze water quality (temperature and pH).  The research was  conducted from July to August 2017.  Isolation and identification of bacteria was performed at  the Test Laboratory, Station of Fish Guarantee, Quality Control and Fisheries Product Safety Grade II, Tahuna. Target organ examined was kidney.  The bacteria was grown on TSA and then isolated. The bacteria was identify by gram stain, motility, aerobic, catalase, oxidase, O/F, glucose and Rimler shots for Aeromonas hydrophila. The bacteria was then identified using Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria.   From the 30 samples identified, it was found seven pathogenic bacteria infected fish namely A. hydrophila observed at 11 fish (36.6%), Corynebacterium sp. observed at 6 individuals or 20 %, Enterobacteria sp. obtained at 5 fish or 16,6 %, Listeria sp.  at 2 fish or 6,6 %, Pseudomonas sp. at 1 fish or 3,3 %, Plesiomonas sp. at 1 fish or 3,3 % and Kurtiha sp. at 1 fish.  Water quality parameters at all five districts ranged between 25 and 28° C while pH ranging from  6- 7 and suitable based on the PP N9. 42 Tahun 2001.Keywords:  pathogenic bacteria, aquaculture, Oreochromis niloticus
Komunitas ikan karang di Pantai Malalayang dan Pantai Meras Teluk Manado
Authors: Sumual Sarah S. , Kusen Janny D. , Warouw Veibe , Paruntu Carolus P. , Roeroe Kakaskasen A. , Boneka Farnis B.
Published: July 2019

The study aimed to identify species of reef fishes, to obtain indexes of diversity  and dominance, eveness and to analyze the comparison of communities between the two study sites by Sorensen similarity index. Data was gathered in-situ with underwater recordings at a depth of 6 meters assisted by diving apparatus, and using fish visual census method. Subsequent data were identified using  fish identifikaction guide and WoRMS (Word Register of Marine Science) online identification applications. The number of species and specimens of reef fishes from each study site after bein identified were then analyzed  the diversity, dominance and similarity of the community between the two study sites. The coral reef fishes identification results that obtained from each study site  were:  20 families, 86 spesies and 362 specimen at  Malalayang beach, and 15 families, 55 spesies and 217 specimen at Meras beach. The value of the calculated index o community structure obtained by H’ 3.42 (Malalayang) and 2.91 (meras) has been shown the ecological condition of coral reef ecosystem which is still stable even though diversity is moderate, but inversely with low dominance value (D=0.08). The coral reef fishes in both study sites were very diverse and there was no dominant species. Eveness of community between two study sites high.The result of community similarity analysis using Sorensen Index was 49 % (<50 %) indicates that there was no community similarity of coral reef fishes between Malalayang Beach and Meras Beach which was allegedly caused by natural factors and or anthropogenic one in both research sites.Keywords : coral reef fishes community, diversity, dominance, community similarity