bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First Results on the Epoch of Reionization from First Light with SARAS 2
Authors: Singh Saurabh , Subrahmanyan Ravi , Shankar N. Udaya , Rao Mayuri Sathyanarayana , Fialkov Anastasia , Cohen Aviad , Barkana Rennan , Girish B. S. , Raghunathan A. , Somashekar R. , Srivani K. S.
Published: August 2017

Long-wavelength spectral distortions in the cosmic microwave background arising from the 21 cm transition in neutral hydrogen are a key probe of the Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization. These features may reveal the nature of the first stars and ultra-faint galaxies that transformed the spin temperature and ionization state of the primordial gas. SARAS 2 is a spectral radiometer purposely designed for the precision measurement of these monopole or all-sky global 21 cm spectral distortions. We use 63 hr nighttime observations of the radio background in the frequency band 110–200 MHz, with the radiometer deployed at the Timbaktu Collective in Southern India, to derive likelihoods for plausible redshifted 21 cm signals predicted by theoretical models. First light with SARAS 2 disfavors the class of models that feature weak X-ray heating (with

) and rapid reionization (with peak

mK per unit redshift interval).
Megafauna of the UKSRL exploration contract area and eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone in the Pacific Ocean: Annelida, Arthropoda, Bryozoa, Chordata, Ctenophora, Mollusca
Authors: Amon Diva , Ziegler Amanda , Drazen Jeffrey , Grischenko Andrei , Leitner Astrid , Lindsay Dhugal , Voight Janet , Wicksten Mary , Young Craig , Smith Craig
Published: August 2017

There is growing interest in mining polymetallic nodules from the abyssal Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Despite having been the focus of environmental studies for decades, the benthic megafauna of the CCZ remain poorly known. To predict and manage the environmental impacts of mining in the CCZ, baseline knowledge of the megafauna is essential. The ABYSSLINE Project has conducted benthic biological baseline surveys in the UK Seabed Resources Ltd polymetallic-nodule exploration contract area (UK-1). Prior to ABYSSLINE research cruises in 2013 and 2015, no biological studies had been done in this area of the eastern CCZ.

Using a Remotely Operated Vehicle and Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (as well as several other pieces of equipment), the megafauna within the UK Seabed Resources Ltd exploration contract area (UK-1) and at a site ~250 km east of the UK-1 area were surveyed, allowing us to make the first estimates of megafaunal morphospecies richness from the imagery collected. Here, we present an atlas of the abyssal annelid, arthropod, bryozoan, chordate, ctenophore and molluscan megafauna observed and collected during the ABYSSLINE cruises to the UK-1 polymetallic-nodule exploration contract area in the CCZ. There appear to be at least 55 distinct morphospecies (8 Annelida, 12 Arthropoda, 4 Bryozoa, 22 Chordata, 5 Ctenophora, and 4 Mollusca) identified mostly by morphology but also using molecular barcoding for a limited number of animals that were collected. This atlas will aid the synthesis of megafaunal presence/absence data collected by contractors, scientists and other stakeholders undertaking work in the CCZ, ultimately helping to decipher the biogeography of the megafauna in this threatened habitat.
Beyond “Back to Sleep”: Ways to Further Reduce the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Authors: Hauck Fern R. , Tanabe Kawai O.
Published: August 2017

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) remains the leading cause of postneonatal mortality in the United States, despite reduction in rates of more than 50% since the initiation of the “Back to Sleep” (now called “Safe to Sleep”) campaign in 1994. In recent years, the rate of decline in SIDS deaths has plateaued, even with the ongoing educational efforts that promote safe sleep and other risk reduction measures. The 2016 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for reducing the risk of SIDS focus heavily on sleep practices, bedding, and location, but also include factors that often receive less attention (ie, prenatal care, maternal smoking, alcohol and drug use, and childhood vaccinations). This review describes these factors that are less often addressed and identifies interventions that have resulted in positive behavioral changes that not only benefit infants, but also promote the health and well-being of their mothers.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2017;46(8):e284–e290.]
A PROPOSAL OF KC-SVM CLASSIFIER FOR EEG FEATURES OBTAINED THROUGH SF FILTERING WITH APPLICATION ON BCI DATA
Authors: Gupta Gauri Shanker , Ghosh Subhojit , Sinha Rakesh Kumar
Published: August 2017

The objective of this paper is to classify Brain Computer Interfacing (BCI) competition III, dataset IIIA with low computational complexity and high classification accuracy rate. This study presents the investigation of self-filtering (SF) as a pre-processing technique and Wigner trispectrum as feature extraction technique followed by the proposed [Formula: see text]-means clustering SVM (KC-SVM) classifier. KC-SVM is an improved form of classifier, which comprises KC-SVM with 10-fold cross validation technique. To analyze each stage of classification, different evaluation indexes of respective methods are considered. Substantial improvement on the performance of proposed classification method is scrutinized. Performance measurement accuracy 98.1%, Kappa coefficient 0.94, mutual information of feature vectors 0.14 and Fisher score 6.5 are achieved for considered dataset. In summary, this paper demonstrates that the classification accuracy of proposed classifier together with SF and Wigner–Ville Trispectrum (WT) satisfies the required criteria of classification.
PREPARATION OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE NANOPARTICLES AS NON-VIRAL VECTORS FOR GENE DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: Yen Ko-Chung , Chen I-Hua , Lin Feng-Huei
Published: August 2017

A major aim of gene therapy is the efficient and specific delivery of therapeutic gene into the desired target tissues. Development of reliable vectors is a major challenge in gene therapy. The aim of this study is to develop calcium phosphate nanoparticles as novel non-viral vectors for the gene delivery system. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles were prepared by water-in-oil microemulsion method with a water to surfactant molar ratio, Wo [Formula: see text] 2–10.

This paper studies the design and synthesis of ultra-low size, highly monodispersed DNA doped calcium phosphate nanoparticles of size around 100[Formula: see text]nm in diameter. The structure of DNA-calcium phosphate nanocomplex observed by TEM was displayed as a shell-like structure. This study used pEGFP as a reporter gene. The encapsulating efficiency to encapsulate DNA inside the nanoparticles was greater than 80%. In the MTT test, both calcium phosphate nanoparticles and DNA-calcium phosphate nanocomplex have no negative effect for 293T cells. By gel electrophoresis of free and entrapped pEGFP DNA, the DNA encapsulated inside the nanoparticles was protected from the external DNaseI environment. In vitro transfection studies in 293T cell-line, the DNA-calcium phosphate nanocomplex could be used safely to transfer the encapsulated DNA into the 293T cells and expression green fluorescent protein. The characteristic of DNA-calcium phosphate nanocomplex to deliver DNA belongs to slow release. The property of DNA-calcium phosphate nanocomplex was fit in the requirement of non-viral vectors for the gene delivery system.
Governance Choice in Open Innovation
Authors: Bagherzadeh Mehdi , Brunswicker Sabine
Published: August 2017

To increase the incentive for external sources to form interactive relationships, some firms selectively reveal their internally developed knowledge for free. However, ‘selective revealing' is in conflict with the firm's interest in control over IP and challenges the governance of knowledge flows in open innovation. Taking a behavioral perspective, this paper proposes a complementary role of ‘selective revealing' and ‘behavioral control' and its relationship with a firm's source choice. We draw upon a sample of 125 large firms in the United States and Europe to statistically support the proposed complementarity. Results suggest that in value chain-centric and competitor relationships, firms may opt for guided revealing. In contrast, firms primarily engaged with universities are unable to establish guided revealing as a governance mechanism.
Treatment of Partial Rotator Cuff Tear with Ultrasound-guided Platelet-rich Plasma
Authors: Sengodan Vetrivel Chezian , Kurian Sajith , Ramasamy Raghupathy
Published: August 2017

Background:

The treatment of symptomatic partial rotator cuff tear has presented substantial challenge to orthopaedic surgeons as it can vary from conservative to surgical repair. Researches have established the influence of platelet rich plasma in healing damaged tissue. Currently very few data are available regarding the evidence of clinical and radiological outcome of partial rotator cuff tear treated with ultrasound guided platelet rich plasma injection in English literature.

Materials and Methods:

20 patients with symptomatic partial rotator cuff tears were treated with ultrasound guided platelet rich plasma injection. Before and after the injection of platelet rich plasma scoring was done with visual analogue score, Constant shoulder score, and UCLA shoulder score at 8 weeks and third month. A review ultrasound was performed 8 weeks after platelet rich plasma injection to assess the rotator cuff status.

Results:

Our study showed statistically significant improvements in 17 patients in VAS pain score, constant shoulder score and UCLA shoulder score. No significant changes in ROM were noted when matched to the contra-lateral side (P< 0.001) at the 3 month follow-up. The study also showed good healing on radiological evaluation with ultrasonogram 8 weeks after platelet rich plasma injection.

Conclusion:

Ultrasound guided platelet rich plasma injection for partial rotator cuff tears is an effective procedure that leads to significant decrease in pain, improvement in shoulder functions, much cost-effective and less problematic compared to a surgical treatment.
Encoding the Ethiopic Manuscript Tradition
Authors: Liuzzo Pietro Maria
Published: August 2017

The Beta maṣāḥǝft: Manuscripts of Ethiopia and Eritrea project aims to construct a virtual research environment to encode and manage the rich and complex manuscript tradition of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Highlands. The Ethiopic manuscript culture, consisting of varying and difficult-to-identify literary works, is a living tradition. This project explores the difficulties in encoding and managing the relationships not only between the manuscripts themselves, but also between the manuscripts and the broader Ethiopian literary traditions that include Greek and Arabic texts as well.
Looking for Rumpelstiltskin
Authors: McRae Mary
Published: August 2017

Up translations are a black art; the stuff of conjurers and tricksters. The focus of this case study is the migration of unstructured and semi-structured formats to XML for a healthcare information provider with more than 20 different product offerings targeted to healthcare facilities, insurers, and practitioners. This paper examines the approaches taken to spin their unstructured and semi-structured content into XML and the challenges encountered along the way.
The Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC): History, status and perspectives
Authors: De Mazière Martine , Thompson Anne M. , Kurylo Michael J. , Wild Jeannette , Bernhard Germar , Blumenstock Thomas , Hannigan James , Lambert Jean-Christopher , Leblanc Thierry , McGee Thomas J. , Nedoluha Gerald , Petropavlovskikh Irina , Seckmeyer Gunther , Simon Paul C. , Steinbrecht Wolfgang , Strahan Susan , Sullivan John T.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) is an international global network of more than 80 stations making high quality measurements of atmospheric composition that began official operations in 1991 after five years of planning. Originally named the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC), the goal of NDACC is to observe changes in the chemical and physical state of the stratosphere and upper troposphere and to assess the impact of such changes on the lower troposphere and climate. NDACC’s origins, station locations, organizational structure and data archiving are described. NDACC is structured around categories of ground-based observational techniques, timely cross-cutting themes (ozone, water vapour, measurement strategies and emphases), satellite measurement systems, and theory and analyses. To widen its scope, NDACC has established formal collaborative agreements with eight other Cooperating Networks. A brief history is provided, major accomplishments of NDACC during its first 25 years of operation are reviewed, and a forward-looking perspective is presented.
Top-down constraints on global N2O emissions at optimal resolution:
application of a new dimension reduction technique
Authors: Wells Kelley C. , Millet Dylan B. , Bousserez Nicolas , Henze Daven K. , Griffis Timothy J. , Chaliyakunnel Sreelekha , Dlugokencky Edward J. , Saikawa Eri , Xiang Gao , Prinn Ronald G. , O'Doherty Simon , Young Dickon , Weiss Ray F. , Dutton Geoff S. , Elkins James W. , Krummel Paul B. , Langenfelds Ray , Steele L. Paul
Published: August 2017

Abstract. We present top-down constraints on global, monthly N2O emissions for 2011 from a multi-inversion approach and an ensemble of surface observations. The inversions employ the GEOS-Chem adjoint and an array of aggregation strategies to test how well current observations can constrain the spatial distribution of global N2O emissions. The strategies include: (1) a standard 4D-Var inversion at native model resolution (4° × 5°), (2) an inversion for six continental and three ocean regions, and (3) a fast 4D-Var inversion based on a novel dimension reduction technique employing randomized singular value decomposition (SVD). The optimized global flux ranges from 15.9 Tg N yr−1 (SVD-based inversion) to 17.5–17.7 Tg N yr−1 (continental-scale, standard 4D-Var inversions), with the former better capturing the N2O background measured during the HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) airborne campaigns. We find that the tropics provide a greater contribution to the global N2O flux than is predicted by the prior bottom-up inventories, likely due to underestimated agricultural and oceanic emissions. We infer an overestimate of natural soil emissions in the extratropics, and find that predicted emissions are seasonally biased in northern midlatitudes. Here, optimized fluxes exhibit a springtime versus summertime peak more consistent with the timing of fertilizer application, soil thawing, and elevated soil moisture. Finally, the inversions reveal a major emission underestimate in the US Corn Belt (which may extend to other intensive agricultural regions), likely from underrepresentation of indirect N2O emissions from leaching and runoff. We extensively test the impact of initial conditions on the analysis and recommend formally optimizing the initial N2O distribution to avoid aliasing the inferred fluxes. We find that the SVD-based approach provides a powerful framework for deriving emission information from N2O observations: by defining the state vector based on the information content of the inversion, it provides useful spatial information that is lost when aggregating to ad-hoc regions, while also better resolving temporal features than a standard 4D-Var inversion.
Ozonolysis of α-phellandrene – Part 2: Compositional analysis of
secondary organic aerosol highlights the role of stabilised Criegee
intermediates
Authors: Mackenzie-Rae Felix A. , Wallis Helen J. , Rickard Andrew R. , Pereira Kelly , Saunders Sandra M. , Wang Xinming , Hamilton Jacqueline F.
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The molecular composition of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generated from the ozonolysis of α-phellandrene is investigated for the first time using high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution Quadrupole-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry. In total, 21 prominent products or isomeric product groups were identified using both positive and negative ionisation modes, with potential formation mechanisms discussed. The aerosol was found to be composed primarily of polyfunctional first- and second-generation species containing one or more carbonyl, acid, alcohol and hydroperoxide functionalities, with the products significantly more complex than those proposed from basic gas-phase chemistry in the companion paper (Mackenzie-Rae et al., 2017a). Mass spectra show a large number of dimeric products are also formed. Both direct scavenging evidence using formic acid, and indirect evidence from double bond equivalency factors, suggests the dominant oligomerisation mechanism is the bimolecular reaction of stabilised Criegee intermediates (SCIs) with non-radical ozonolysis products. Saturation vapour concentration estimates suggest monomeric species cannot explain the rapid nucleation burst of fresh aerosol observed in chamber experiments, hence dimeric species are believed to be responsible for new particle formation, with detected first- and second-generation products driving further particle growth in the system. Ultimately, identification of the major constituents and formation pathways of α-phellandrene SOA leads to a greater understanding of the atmospheric processes and implications of monoterpene emissions and SCIs, especially around Eucalypt forests regions where α-phellandrene is primarily emitted.
Information content in reflected signals during GPS Radio
Occultation observations
Authors: Aparicio Josep M. , Cardellach Estel , Rodríguez Hilda
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The possibility of extracting useful information about the state of the lower troposphere from the surface reflections that are often detected during GPS radio occultations (GPSRO) is explored. The clarity of the reflection is quantified, and can be related to properties of the surface and the low troposphere. The reflected signal is often clear enough to be coherent, and can be tracked and processed as an extension of direct non-reflected GPSRO atmospheric profiles. A profile of bending angle vs. impact parameter can be obtained for these reflected signals, characterized by impact parameters that are below the apparent horizon, and that is a continuation at low altitude of the standard non-reflected bending angle profile. If there were no reflection, these would correspond to tangent altitudes below the local surface, and in particular below the local mean sea level. A forward operator is presented, for the evaluation of the bending angle of reflected GPSRO signals, given atmospheric properties as described by a Numerical Weather Prediction system. The operator is an extension, at lower impact parameters, of standard bending angle operators, and reproduces both the direct and reflected sections of the measured profile. It can be applied to the assimilation of the reflected section of the profile as supplementary data to the direct section. Although the principle is applicable also over land, this paper is focused on ocean cases, where the height of the reflecting surface, the sea level, is well known apriori.
Retrieval of O2(1Σ) and O2(1∆) volume emission rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using SCIAMACHY MLT limb scans
Authors: Zarboo Amirmahdi , Bender Stefan , Burrows John P. , Orphal Johannes , Sinnhuber Miriam
Published: August 2017

Abstract. We present the retrieved volume emission rates (VER) from the airglow of both the daytime and twilight O2(1Σ) band and O2(1Δ) band emissions in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT). The SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) on-board the European Space Agency Envisat satellite observes upwelling radiances in limb viewing geometry during its special MLT mode over the range 50 to 150 km. In this study we use the limb observations in the visible (595–811 nm) and near infrared (1200–1360 nm) bands. We have investigated the daily mean latitudinal distributions and the time series of the retrieved VER in the altitude range from 53 to 149 km. The maximal observed VER of O2(1Δ) during daytime are typically 1 to 2 orders of magnitude larger than those of O2(1Σ). The latter peaks at around 90 km, whereas the O2(1Δ) emissivity decreases with altitude, with the largest values at the lower edge of the observations (about 53 km). The VER values in the upper mesosphere (above 80 km) are found to depend on the position of the sun, with pronounced high values occurring during summer for O2(1Δ). O2(1Σ) shows secondary maxima during winter and spring, which are related to the downwelling of atomic oxygen after large sudden stratospheric warmings (SSW). Observations of O2(1Δ) and O2(1Σ) airglow provide valuable information about both the chemistry and dynamics in the MLT and can be used to infer the amounts and distribution of ozone, solar heating rates and temperature in the MLT.
Soil phosphorus dynamics on terrestrial natural ecosystems
Authors: Deiss Leonardo , de Moraes B. Anibal , Maire Vincent
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Soil organic and inorganic phosphorus (P) compounds can be modified by distinctive ecosystems properties. This study aims to analyze soil P dynamics on terrestrial natural ecosystems, relating its organic (monoesters, diesters, and phosphonate) and inorganic (orthophosphate, polyphosphate and pyrophosphate) functional groups with important temporal, edaphic and climatic characteristics. A dataset including 88 sites was assembled from published papers that have determined soil P composition by liquid state one-dimensional 31P nuclear magnetic resonance of soils extracted with NaOH EDTA. Bivariate and multivariate regression models were used to enable a comprehensive understanding of soil P dynamics at an unprecedented geographical scale. In bivariate relationships, soil P compounds had overall similar behaviors on mineral and organic layers but with different slopes. Temporal (weathering), edaphic and climatic properties of ecosystems, together explain up to 78 % (diester) and 57 % (orthophosphate) of the variation of organic and inorganic P forms across ecosystems. Soil, particularly pH, total carbon, and carbon-to-phosphorus ratio, over climate and weathering, were the predominant drivers to explain P variation. Only, the diester-to-monoester ratio was controlled by independent and combined effects of soil weathering and soil properties, likely deriving from parent material differences. We conclude that soil organic and inorganic P pools as well as their functional groups composition are determined by distinctive drivers that regulate key ecological processes governing their presence, transformation and persistence on terrestrial natural ecosystems.
Prognostic parameterization of cloud ice with a single category in
the aerosol-climate model ECHAM(v6.3.0)-HAM(v2.3)
Authors: Dietlicher Remo , Neubauer David , Lohmann Ulrike
Published: August 2017

Abstract. A new scheme for stratiform cloud microphysics has been implemented in the ECHAM6-HAM2 general circulation model. It features a widely used description of cloud water with two categories for cloud droplets and rain drops. The unique aspect of the scheme is the break with the traditional approach to describe cloud ice analogously. Here we parameterize cloud ice with a single, prognostic category as it has been done in regional models and most recently also in the global model CAM5. A single category does not rely on heuristic conversion rates from one category to another. At the same time it is conceptually easier and closer to first principles. This work shows that a single category is a viable approach to describe cloud ice in climate models. Prognostic representation of sedimentation is achieved by a nested approach for sub-stepping the microphysics scheme. This yields good results in terms of numerical stability and accuracy as compared to simulations with high temporal resolution. The improvement of the representation of cloud ice in ECHAM6-HAM2 is twofold. Not only are we getting rid of heuristic conversion rates but we also find that the prognostic treatment of sedimenting ice allows to unbiasedly represent the ice formation pathway from nucleation over growth by deposition and collisions to sedimentation.
Contaminant source localization via Bayesian global optimization
Authors: Pirot Guillaume , Krityakierne Tipaluck , Ginsbourger David , Renard Philippe
Published: August 2017

Abstract. A Bayesian optimization approach to localize a contaminant source is proposed. The localization problem is illustrated with two 2D synthetic cases which display sharp transmissivity contrasts and specific connectivity patterns. These cases generate highly non-linear objective functions that present multiple local minima. A derivative-free global optimization algorithm relying on a Gaussian Process model and on the Expected Improvement criterion is used to efficiently localize the minimum of the objective function which identifies the contaminant source. In addition, the generated objective functions are made available as a benchmark to further allow the comparison of optimization algorithms on functions characterized by multiple minima and inspired by concrete field applications.
Development of a lower extremity wearable exoskeleton with double compact elastic module: preliminary experiments
Authors: Long Yi , Du Zhi-jiang , Chen Chao-feng , Wang Wei-dong , Dong Wei
Published: August 2017

Abstract. In this paper, a double compact elastic module is designed and implemented in the lower extremity exoskeleton. The double compact elastic module is composed of two parts, i.e., physical human robot interaction (pHRI) measurement and the elastic actuation system (EAS), which are called proximal elastic module (PEM) and distal elastic module (DEM) respectively. The PEM is used as the pHRI information collection device while the DEM is used as the compliance device. A novel compact parallelogram-like structure based torsional spring is designed and developed. An iterative finite element analysis (FEA) based optimization process was conducted to find the optimal parameters in the search space. In the PEM, the designed torsional spring has an outer circle with a diameter of 60 mm and an inner hole with a diameter of 12 mm, while in the DEM, the torsional spring has the outer circle with a diameter of 80 mm and the inner circle with a diameter of 16 mm. The torsional spring in the PEM has a thickness of 5 mm and a weight of 60 g, while that in the DEM has a thickness of 10 mm and a weight of 80 g. The double compact elastic module prototype is embedded in the mechanical joint directly. Calibration experiments were conducted on those two elastic modules to obtain the linear torque versus angle characteristic. The calibration experimental results show that this torsional spring in the PEM has a stiffness of 60.2 Nm rad−1, which is capable of withstanding a maximum torque of 4 Nm, while that in the DEM has a stiffness of 80.2 Nm rad−1, which is capable of withstanding a maximum torque of 30 Nm. The experimental results and the simulation data show that the maximum resultant errors are 6 % for the PEM and 4 % for the DEM respectively. In this paper, an assumed regression algorithm is used to learn the human motion intent (HMI) based on the pHRI collection. The HMI is defined as the angular position of the human limb joint. A closed-loop position control strategy is utilized to drive the robotic exoskeleton system to follow the human limb's movement. To verify the developed system, experiments are performed on healthy human subjects and experimental results show that this novel robotic exoskeleton can help human users walk, which can be extended and applied in the assistive wearable exoskeletons.
Literatura infantil e formação de professores da infância
Authors: Costa Yngrid Karolline Mendonça , Girotto Cyntia Graziella Guizelim Simões
Published: August 2017

Este texto tem por objetivo trazer à reflexão elementos teórico-metodológicos direcionados para pensar a necessária tomada de consciência do profissional atuante em turmas da Educação Infantil, especialmente no que se refere às escolhas de livros literários e às atitudes leitoras. Esse processo intencionalmente organizado envolve ações anteriores à leitura para as crianças e tem valor precípuo no êxito do trabalho pedagógico potencialmente humanizador, que pode forjar o nascimento de aspectos efetivos de modos de ser leitor desde a mais tenra infância, sem se dirigir à alfabetização precoce, mas com foco no acesso a bens materiais da cultura humana historicamente acumulada e na relação ativa da criança com o livro de literatura infantil. Nossas reflexões teórico-metodológicas estão baseadas nos princípios da Teoria Histórico-Cultural, para fundamentar sobre o desenvolvimento das funções psíquicas superiores e das qualidades especificamente humanas nas crianças, e também utilizamos as ideias de Bakhtin, em relação à apropriação da língua e da linguagem. Esperamos que esse texto colabore para a prática de professores em relação à leitura, pois, por mais que hajam muitas pesquisas nessa área, quando vemos os índices nacionais sobre a formação de leitores e escritores, temos resultados avassaladores, porque as crianças estão na escola, mas a escola ainda não tem dado conta de formar subsídios para a criação de pessoas envolvidas com a leitura e escrita fora dos muros que a circundam.
Exploration of Customer Complaint Behaviors Toward Macau Low-cost Carriers
Authors: Li Yang , Chan Grace Suk Ha , Tang Irini Lai Fun
Published: August 2017

In 2015, the number of complaints against airlines in Macau increased considerably. In today’s keen competitive business environment, maintaining a good reputation and positive word-of-mouth within the industry is essential to increase competitiveness. Hence, Macau low-cost carriers should gather more customer feedback to improve their product and service quality. Macau passengers would speak to the management, their friends and family, and media and even choose boycott the companies when they feel dissatisfied with their travel experiences. The present study aimed to investigate the behavior of passengers in Macau toward low-cost carriers. A qualitative approach was adopted using a sample of 20 respondents who had previously submitted complaints to low-cost carriers. Semi-structured questions were asked in the in-depth interview. The results demonstrated the rationale behind the complaints. Perception of complaint behavior of Macau low-cost carriers’ passengers was discovered. Recommendations were proposed to provide insights for industrial practitioners.
The Relationship between Corporate Profitability and Macroeconomic Indicators: Evidence from 500 Largest Industrial Organizations in Turkey
Authors: Emir Tuncay Ferhan , Cengiz Hulya
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of chosen macroeconomic indicators on industrial corporate performance. In the analysis, economic profitability ratios of Turkey’s top 500 industrial firms, which represent the Turkish economy, have been used to estimate performance. In order to determine the effects of macroeconomic indicators, panel data with a non-linear instrumental variables estimator, Arellano Bond generalized methodology of moments (GMM) was used between the period of 2002 and 2012. As a result of the analysis, gross domestic product, inflation rate, the rate of domestic debt interest payments to the net new borrowing and the rate of domestic debt interest payments to total income tax have a direct relationship with corporate performance. On the other hand, exchange rate, interest rate and the rate of short term foreign debts to central bank international reserves have an inverse relationship.
The Cross-Culture Management of Chinese Enterprises in Poland Under the Belt and Road Initiative—Based on PEST Model
Authors: Dai Guiyu , Cai Yi
Published: August 2017

“The Belt and Road Initiative” not only provides great opportunities but also poses enormous challenges to Chinese enterprises for further development. Along the Belt and the Road, there are different countries with unique culture characteristics, which will be the difficult challenges Chinese enterprises have to face in the overseas investment. The present study will combine PEST (Political, Economic, Social and Technological) model with Hofstede’s culture dimensions as the theoretical basis for analyzing the potential opportunities and challenges Chinese enterprises tend to confront in Poland. Based on a detailed analysis of the opportunities and challenges, this writing proposes three tentative cross-culture management strategies: (1) Investigating the local markets and identifying the culture differences; (2) Cultivating intercultural communication competence of the cross-culture employees; (3) Acculturating to the local society and making innovation based on culture fusion, which would be referential for Chinese enterprises to seek investment opportunities in the countries along the Belt and the Road.
Naloxone’s Effect on Activity-Induced Phase Shifts of Circadian Rhythms
Authors: Janik Daniel , Alvarez Brereton Margaret
Published: August 2017

Vigorous running in a novel exercise wheel by hamsters during the subjective day results in large (about 3 hr) phase advances of their circadian rhythms. We administered the opiate receptor antagonist naloxone at 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg (i.p.) and found that at 20 mg/kg it significantly reduced phase shifts. This dose of naloxone also reduced the amount of running shown by hamsters in the novel wheel. At the 20 mg/kg dose, the reduced amount of running resulted in smaller phase shifts. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that nonphotic phase shifts are linked to exercise and arousal in hamsters. However, because high amounts of running were accompanied by phase shifting in animals whose opiate receptors were blocked, the results provide no evidence that the rewarding nature of running in rodents is an important causal factor in nonphotic phase shifting beyond its role in promoting running.
Development and Validation of a Stability-Indicating HPLC Method for Imidapril and Its Degradation Products Using a Design of Experiment (DoE) Approach
Authors: Arumugam Abiramasundari , Joshi Amita , Vasu Kamala K
Published: August 2017

The present work focused on the application of design of experiment (DoE) principles to the development and optimization of a stability-indicating method (SIM) for the drug imidapril hydrochloride and its degradation products (DPs). The resolution of peaks for the DPs and their drug in a SIM can be influenced by many factors. The factors studied here were pH, gradient time, organic modifier, flow rate, molar concentration of the buffer, and wavelength, with the aid of a Plackett–Burman design. Results from the Plackett–Burman study conspicuously showed influence of two factors, pH and gradient time, on the analyzed response, particularly, the resolution of the closely eluting DPs (DP-5 and DP-6) and the retention time of the last peak. Optimization of the multiresponse processes was achieved through Derringer’s desirability function with the assistance of a full factorial design. Separation was achieved using a C18 Phenomenex Luna column (250 × 4.6 mm id, 5 µm particle size) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min at 210 nm. The optimized mobile phase composition was ammonium–acetate buffer (pH 5) in pump A and acetonitrile–methanol (in equal ratio) in pump B with a run time of 40 min using a gradient method.
I love HER
Authors: Pinto Julio
Published: August 2017

A discussão do filme Her, de Spike Jonze (2013) constitui uma propedêutica para se pensar o possível advento da inteligência artificial e quais parâmetros lógico-semióticos são, em princípio, necessários para que essa inteligência seja de fato inteligente ou, pelo menos, alcance algo que seja contíguo ou análogo à humanidade.
O realismo grotesco e o grotesco onírico em “Romance negro”, de Rubem Fonseca
Authors: Hott Luís Otávio
Published: August 2017

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as estratégias narrativas que viabilizam a representação da estética do realismo grotesco no conto “Romance negro”, presente na obra Romance negro e outras histórias, de Rubem Fonseca, propondo a consideração desta estética literária operando a partir de duas vias principais na obra do autor: a realidade grotesca, abjeta, assustadora, aterradora; e a realidade dos sonhos, o onirismo como forma de escapar da realidade e criar assim uma realidade própria, que serve como forma de protesto frente ao mundo reificado da sociedade capitalista moderna. Ambas representações são atingidas através de suas relações com a estética do grotesco, concebida por sua capacidade de unir paradoxos, neste caso, o paradoxo do sonho e da realidade.

 
O intelectual em São Bernardo: Agregar
Authors: Pereira Rogério Silva
Published: August 2017

O artigo descreve Paulo Honório, o narrador do romance São Bernardo (1934), como sendo um intelectual. Assim, partindo de proposições tomadas à fortuna crítica de Graciliano Ramos, se propõe aprofundar algumas noções consagradas sobre este romance do autor. Nesse sentido, as leituras que atribuem ao romance a condição de ficção autobiográfica (MIRANDA, 1992) e de confissão (CANDIDO, 1992 e MOURÃO, 1969) são instrumentalizados para identificar, dentro de um artefato iminentemente ficcional que é São Bernardo, elementos que situariam seu narrador como uma pessoa que escreve efetivamente uma autobiografia com teor altamente confessional. Para tanto, o conceito de confissão (FOUCAULT, 1988) é utilizado para aprofundar a noção de “descontrole” (LAFETÁ, 1977), ideia estruturante para se compreender o romance. O fito é alcançar uma descrição do público leitor que seria o leitor da autobiografia confessional escrita pelo narrador, ao mesmo tempo em que se explicitaria esse narrador como sendo um escritor intelectual que, ao eleger o público literário como interlocutor de sua confissão, faz um elogio da palavra escrita, da literatura e da vida pública como lócus de resolução de problemas
Intertextos e mediações culturais em Nélida Piñon
Authors: Gomes Carlos Magno
Published: August 2017

Este artigo faz um estudo sobre as marcas pós-modernas do romance de autoria feminina no início do século XXI, com destaque para Vozes do deserto (2004), de Nélida Piñon. Por ser uma paródia de Mil e uma noites, essa obra traz referências ao processo narrativo, ao mesmo tempo em que descreve a luta de Scherezade por liberdade.  Com tal empreitada, essa narradora explora a irreverência e a criatividade como armas contra a violência patriarcal.  Metodologicamente, abordamos conceitos estéticos e culturais de paródia, metanarratividade e identidade, propostos por Eduardo Coutinho, Umberto Eco e Zygmunt Bauman.
Romance e realismos
Authors: Deus Lílian Paula Serra
Published: August 2017

RESUMO

O presente artigo pretende perscrutar o gênero romance, perseguindo suas características de maneira a enfatizar sua relação com os muitos realismos, encenados, desde o surgimento da narrativa romanesca.

 

Palavras-chave: Narrativa romanesca. Realismos. 
Multimodal analysis of metaphors in political-religious discourse: a cognitive-semiotic approach
Authors: Avelar Maíra , Mendes Paulo Henrique Aguiar
Published: August 2017

This paper analyzes the interrelation between gestures and speech in the construction of multimodal metaphors in the “legislative session” genre. Based on Multimodal Semiotic Blending (MSB), an adaptation of Brandt and Brandt’s (2005) model (MIRANDA; MENDES, 2014; AVELAR, in press), an illustrative analysis of the multimodal metaphors found in the sessions was performed, focusing on the verbal and gestural resources used by the participants. To do so, five scenes were selected from two legislative
sessions performed by two so-called “Representative-pastors” of the Brazilian House of Representatives: Marco Feliciano and Silas Malafaia. Finally, the metaphors and the gestures performed by both politicians were compared. The conclusion reached in this study demonstrated how MSB can be relevant when analyzing the iconicity of material resources (mainly gestures) used by the participants.

Keywords: Cognitive Semiotics. Multimodal Semiotic Blending. Politicalreligious discourse. Brazilian politics. Legislative sessions.
Wittgenstein on Metaphor
Authors: Gurgel Diogo de França
Published: August 2017

In this work, I examine Wittgenstein’s possible contributions to an elucidation of the grammatical status of certain metaphors – often found in theoretical and speculative texts – which resist an approach based on the assumption of a clear split between the fields of pragmatics and semantics. I take as examples of works that depart from this assumption Elizabeth Camp’s Contextualism, Metaphor and What is said (which explores the lines suggested by Paul Grice), and John Searle’s Expression and Meaning. Both rely on a distinction between speaker’s meaning (utterance meaning) and sentence meaning to explain the nature of metaphor. They assume that the very metaphorical operation involves meaning something instead of saying something. But it is anything but obvious that, when we consider, e.g., the following metaphor of Philosophical Investigations: “A picture held us prisoners” (§115), we can assume that we are facing a non-descriptive use of language. I argue that Wittgenstein himself can provide us with tools to examine a possible descriptive function of this kind of sentence when he develops his grammatical research methods which: a) are not focused on the linguistic dimension of a sentence but on the linguistic dimension of discourse; b) bring up the issue of language learning; c) lead us to ask if certain metaphors could not work as modifiers of convictions, i.e., if they could not act directly on what Wittgenstein once called Weltbild.

Keywords: Metaphor. Wittgenstein. Weltbild. Saying. Meaning.
Metáfora é diálogo: uma proposta de interface
Authors: Forneck Kári Lúcia , Costa Jorge Campos da
Published: August 2017

Neste estudo, pretende-se desenhar uma abordagem da metáfora na interface metateórica (COSTA, 2007). Pretende-se ilustrar como, por meio do diálogo interdisciplinar, novas abordagens para a metáfora podem ser construídas. Para tanto, de um lado, apresentam-se os fundamentos da Pragmática que explicam como se processam os enunciados metafóricos e, de outro, apresentam-se achados em Neurociência que, por sua vez, descrevem, via coarse-coding hypothesis, os correlatos neurais desse
processamento. Postas em diálogo, dessas diferentes áreas emergem propriedades complexas que podem contribuir para o aprofundamento do potencial descritivo e explanatório da abordagem interdisciplinar. Além disso, pode-se também reacender e complexificar as possibilidades de diálogo entre teorias, à medida que propriedades complexas interagem entre si.

Palavras-chave: Metáfora. Interface metateórica. Teoria das implicaturas conversacionais. Teoria da relevância. Neurociência.
Functional effects, prepositional semantics, and metaphorical containment in Brazilian Portuguese: the case of em, dentro de, and fora de
Authors: Oliveira Aparecida de Araújo
Published: August 2017

I analyzed conventional metaphorical expressions in Brazilian Portuguese having lexicalized functional effects of spatial scenes as complements of the prepositions dentro de [inside], em [in, on, at], and fora de [out of]. The functional effects investigated were ‘protection’, ‘covering/hiding’, ‘control’, and ‘envelopment’, which constitute the family resemblance concept of Containment. I provided a cognitive account of these conventional expressions in terms of primary metaphors such as invisible is inside and
uncontrolled is outside, emerging through experiential correlation in primary scenes. I described twelve meanings based on the container image schema, four based on the verticality schema, and four based on the nonimagetic notion of ‘non-existence’. Contradicting my initial expectations, the corpus-based analysis revealed little overlapping between em and sob [under], and fora de and sem [without]. However, the study confirmed the asymmetry between the prepositions meaning ‘in’ and those meaning ‘out’.

Keywords: Metaphor. Experiential correlation. Containment functional relation. Prepositional meaning. Brazilian Portuguese.
Percepção de pausa em fronteira prosódica
Authors: Soncin Geovana , Tenani Luciani Ester , Berti Larissa
Published: August 2017

Este artigo trata da relação entre produção e percepção de pausas em fronteira de frase entoacional do Português Brasileiro a partir de resultados obtidos por meio de teste experimental de percepção auditiva de pausa e de variação de frequência fundamental. A percepção de fronteira de frase entoacional é relevante por esse constituinte linguístico exercer papel de importância primária no processamento de enunciados. Dentre os resultados obtidos, destacamos que tanto a combinação entre pausa e sequência tonal H+L* L% no contexto fonológico da fronteira de frase entoacional quanto a sequência tonal H+L* L% sem a produção de pausa na fronteira de frase entoacional leva à percepção de pausa. Com os resultados apresentados, este artigo apresenta subsídios para questionar o que seja a pausa do ponto de vista da percepção e defende que a identificação de pausa depende também da variação de frequência fundamental característica de frase entoacional.
Linguagem e experienciação cognitiva: da memória corporal à narrativa
Authors: Miranda Maíra Avelar , Mendes Paulo Henrique Aguiar
Published: August 2017

Neste texto, pretendemos abordar a questão das relações entre linguagem e experienciação cognitiva do ponto de vista da sua construção interacional, a partir de práticas discursivas efetivas, que envolvem a corporificação do conhecimento, engendrada em processos multimodais. A integração organismo/ambiente, ecologicamente fundamentada em função de processos intersubjetivos, será focalizada, de modo a destacar a forma como fenômenos relacionados à memória, à intersubjetividade e à construção do self emergem qualitativamente no fluxo narrativo, partilhados durante a interação.

Palavras-chave: memória corporal, multimodalidade, narrativa, semiótica cognitiva
Neurociência na educação: causas, consequências e intervenções corretivas para disgrafia
Authors: Benedito Rogério Reis , Almeida Hugo Márcio Rodrigues de
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho aborda as principais descobertas da Neurociência relacionadas ao desenvolvimento da linguagem escrita e sua relação com a aprendizagem, buscando evidenciar os conceitos, mecanismos de avaliação e intervenção corretiva da caligrafia em casos de disgrafia.
Instrumentos de avaliação padronizados para acidente vascular encefálico: revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Garção Diogo Costa , Santos Ana Karine Gois dos , Dias Melina Costa Melo Ãlvares , Mesquita Paula de Jesus , Barbosa Roberta Almeida , Almeida Taíse Vasconcelos de , Carvalho Tiago Pinheiro Vaz de , Oliveira Tássia Virginia de Carvalho
Published: August 2017

Os instrumentos de avaliação em neurologia fornecem medidas padronizadas que permitem aos profissionais determinar objetivos, condutas terapêuticas e mensurar a eficácia do processo de reabilitação, além de facilitar a elaboração de pesquisas científicas e tornar a linguagem unificada. O presente estudo tem como objetivo revisar sistematicamente os instrumentos de avaliação padronizados para pacientes com acidente vascular encefálico. No período de maio de 2010 a julho de 2011 foram pesquisados na língua inglesa e portuguesa nas bases de dados, Pubmed, Scielo e Science Direct 45 artigos sendo 6 inclusos no presente estudo. Foram excluídos manuscritos com classificação inferior a 5 na escala PEDro, estudos exclusivamente qualitativos, estudo de casos e aqueles com população menor de 18 anos de idade e outras patologias. Os cinco instrumentos de avaliação mais encontrados foram: “Fugl Meyer Assessment”, “Rivermead Stroke Assessment”, “Motor Assessment Scale, SS-QOL – Stroke-specific of Quality of LifeSS”, “Barthel Index”. Os artigos encontrados mostraram que as escalas estudadas são adequadas para aplicação na população acometida, com boa consistência interna, validade e confiabilidade teste-reteste.