bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Presencia de alergias en menores por consumo temprano de alimentos en Barranquilla, Colombia
Authors: Cervantes-De La Torre Karol , Guillen Grima Francisco , Aguinaga Ontoso Ines , Mendoza Mendoza Adel
Published: October 2018

Objetivo Determinar la prevalencia de síntomas asociados a asma, rinitis y eccema relacionada con la ingesta de alimentos en menores de seis a siete años.Metodología Estudio descriptivo de prevalencia de asma, rinitis y eccema y la relación con el consumo de alimentos. Información obtenida en 1 520 escolares del Distrito de Barraquilla y su área metropolitana. Se empleó metodología ISSAC procesándose la información mediante el software SPSS versión 24 El cuestionario fue contestado por el acudiente del menor y solo se tuvieron en cuenta los que tenían debidamente diligenciado los consentimientos informados Se hizo análisis empleando Chi-cuadrado, y el valor P de significancia con un 95% de confianza.Resultados Para los 1 520 menores encuestados el alimento que presentó relación con alergias fue el pescado asociándolo con el asma, evidenciando que en la población puede ser factor protector para la aparición de eccema mostrando estadísticamente una P<0,05, un Chi-cuadrado: 4,566, IC 95% [0,3;0,8].Conclusiones De los alimentos analizados el pescado es uno que presentó relación y se asoció como factor protector para el eccema, el consumo de la leche de vaca se relacionó como factor protector para rinitis; en lo referente a los demás alimentos y las alergias el estudio no es conclusivo en cuanto a si la ingesta temprana es un factor predisponente o desencadenante de ellas en los menores, o no lo son.
Enfermedad periodontal: enfoques epidemiológicos para su análisis como problema de salud pública
Authors: Pardo-Romero Fredy Fabian , Hernández Luis J.
Published: October 2018

La forma como los problemas de salud son definidos permiten desarrollos conceptuales y metodológicos diferentes, lo cual conduce a determinados resultados y a abordajes analíticos y preventivos específicos para afrontar los problemas. Este ensayo pretende mostrar algunos de los principales enfoques epidemiológicos con que ha sido abordado el proceso salud–enfermedad bucal y en particular la enfermedad periodontal. En relación a esta última se proponen diferentes enfoques para su comprensión los cuales han estado influenciados por el modelo biológico–curativo cuyo alcance es limitado y centrado en la identificación de factores de riego y en demostrar relaciones causales; sin embargo desde la epidemiología social se muestran alternativas más integrales que incluyen en el análisis los determinantes sociales de la salud que condicionan e inciden en el proceso salud enfermedad de las comunidades.
Limitaciones del IRCA como estimador de calidad del agua para consumo humano
Authors: García-Ubaque Cesar A. , García-Ubaque Juan Carlos , Rodríguez Miranda Juan Pablo , Pacheco-García Robinson , García-Vaca María Camila
Published: October 2018

Objetivo Analizar los resultados del Índice de Riesgo de la Calidad del Agua para Consumo Humano (IRCA) para los 116 municipios del Departamento de Cundinamarca, del año 2007 a 2013.Materiales y Métodos Información recolectada de los 116 municipios del Departamento de Cundinamarca, seleccionados y clasificados en función de los datos porcentuales del IRCA.Resultados Se observa una disminución del promedio anual del IRCA, lo cual refleja un mejoramiento de la calidad del agua entregada en el departamento; sin embargo, un 26,7% de municipios no reportan información de la zona rural y un 56,9% de los municipios reportan un IRCA superior a 5, que aunque se ubican en Riesgo Bajo, son un agua no apta para consumo humano.Conclusiones Se propone una nueva ponderación de los parámetros evaluados en el IRCA, con el fin de permitir que este índice sea más representativo del riesgo a la salud y, como estudios futuros un análisis estadístico concienzudo sobre el tamaño de la muestra que permita que los resultados obtenidos sean confiables para los tomadores de decisiones sobre el mejoramiento de la calidad del agua potable.
Kezdeti tapasztalatok a HUNCHEST – alacsony dózisú CT-tüdőrákszűrési pilotprogrammal
Authors: Kerpel-Fronius Anna , Monostori Zsuzsanna , Solymosi Diana , Markóczy Zsolt , Rojkó Lívia , Kovács Gábor
Published: October 2018

Abstract:

Introduction: Lung cancer is the cause of death of around 8000 Hungarians each year. Aim: International studies have proved that low-dose CT (LDCT) screening lowers the lung cancer mortality of high risk patients. The HUNCHEST pilot study launched in 2014 studies the possibilities of a lung cancer screening programme in Hungary. The study is also aimed at showing whether there is an increased number of detected lung cancer in the subgroup with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Method: COPD and nonCOPD subjects, smokers and non-smokers are screened with low-dose CT in the 50–79 age group. Results and conclusion: The study is still undergoing recruitement, but in the light of the first results, the principles of the screening programme at the National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology are also presented. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(43): 1741–1746.
Effect of Reflective Writing on Burnout in Medical Trainees
Authors: Narayan Gita Anjali , Stern Penny , Fornari Alice
Published: October 2018

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Introduction: Narrative Perspective and Reflective Writing is a fourth-year elective at the Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell. This is the first study to show through both quantitative and qualitative data that medical students who participated in such a course experienced lower burnout. Preliminary data suggests that the course also fostered increased resilience. Methods: This longitudinal course was offered to all fourth-year medical students as an elective. Assessments were administered electronically to students before starting the course and following the final session. Pre- and post- course questionnaires consisted of items from the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) for both cohorts. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was added to the questionnaire for the second cohort only. Results: There were statistically significant reductions in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization from pre- to post-course assessments. There were modest, but not statistically significant, increases in the MBI subscale of personal accomplishment subscale and on the Connor-Davidson Resilience scale. Qualitative student feedback was overwhelmingly positive. Discussion: These findings suggest that engagement with health humanities can reduce burnout and possibly increase resilience in medical trainees. The course is well-aligned with efforts to incorporate communication and empathy training into postgraduate and continuing medical education. It is an enriching and effective intervention that can reduce burnout at a critical point in students' medical training. Limitations: Limitations of our study are discussed, as are strategies to control for confounding variables. The challenges faced in implementing more humanities-based courses into medical education are briefly presented. Conclusion: This is the first study to show both quantitatively and qualitatively that fourth-year medical students participating in a health humanities course experienced reduction in burnout. The positive impact of this humanities-based elective on medical trainees at a crucial juncture of their careers should prompt more widespread implementation of humanities-based electives in medical education.
RELATION BETWEEN IMPACT FACTOR IN ORTHOPEDIC JOURNALS AND LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Authors: Barros Mauricio Pandini Monteiro de , Matsunaga Fabio Teruo , Tamaoki Marcel Jun Sugawara
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aims to assess the quality of articles published in the leading orthopedic surgery journals, by measuring the relation between the impact factor and the number studies with a high level of evidence. Methods: A literature review was performed of articles published in four previously selected journals. A score of journal evidence (RER - Relation between Randomized clinical trials and Systematic reviews) was calculated, considering the number of RCTs and SR published and the total number of full-text articles. Results: The selected journals were JBJS-Am, ASMJ, BJJ-Br and Arthroscopy, with Impact factors of 5.280, 4.362, 3.309 and 3.206 respectively in 2015. In the study, the RER Scores, in the same order, were 9.408, 6.153, 7.456 and 7.779. Conclusion: The journal JBJS-Am is the best available source of information on orthopedic surgery from this point of view. It has the highest Impact Factor and clearly the highest RER Score. On the other hand, we could conclude that the number of published RCT and good quality SR is very low, with less than 10% of all the articles. Level of evidence III, Analyses based on limited alternatives and costs, and poor estimates.
ASSOCIATION OF TOBACCO DEPENDENCE, ALCOHOLISM AND ANABOLIC STEROIDS WITH MENISCOLIGAMENTOUS INJURIES
Authors: Astur Diego Costa , Sbampato Igor Neves , Arliani Gustavo Gonçalves , Franciozi Carlos Eduardo da Silveira , Debieux Pedro , Cohen Moises
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine a relationship between smoking, alcohol abuse and anabolic steroids and meniscoligamentous injuries. Methods: A total of 239 patients underwent surgical treatment of isolated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) lesion, ACL associated with meniscal injury and isolated meniscal injury, and were inquired by a single team of surgeons about their habits: smoking, alcoholism and use of artificial anabolic agents. In addition, quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. Results: It was not possible to establish a direct relationship between habits and meniscal and ligamentous injuries, despite the finding that patients with ACL-associated lesions were more frequently smokers, and that patients with isolated meniscal injuries used more artificial anabolic agents. Regarding quality of life, there were no statistical differences in the habits between the groups; however, except for smokers with isolated meniscal injury, all patients who did not have the habits analyzed presented a better score in the SF-36 questionnaire. Conclusion: There were no significant findings correlating smoking, alcohol abuse and artificial anabolic agents with the presence of injuries. In addition, six months after the surgical treatment, there was no difference in the quality of life between the groups evaluated. Level of Evidence III, Prospective case series.
SACRECTOMY ASSOCIATED WITH VERTEBRECTOMY: A NEW TECHNIQUE USING DOWEL GRAFTS FROM CADAVERS
Authors: Araújo Thiego Pedro Freitas , Narazaki Douglas Kenji , Teixeira William Gemio Jacobsen , Busnardo Fábio , Cristante Alexandre Fogaça , Barros Filho Tarcísio Eloy Pessoa de
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate, in a case series, a new sacrectomy technique using an iliac crest dowel graft from a cadaver. Study design: Report of a case series with description of a new surgical technique. Methods: The technique uses four bars to support the posterior spine and a dowel graft in the iliac wings, with compression of the spine and pelvis above it, to support the anterior spine. Three cases were operated on, and in all of them, a vertebrectomy was used. Results: In the first two cases, the technique was performed as a two-stage surgery. The first stage was performed via the anterior and peritoneal access routes, and the second stage via the posterior access route. In the third case, retroperitoneal access via the anterior route meant that the technique could be performed in one stage, resulting in an overall reduction in surgical time (1250 vs. 1750 vs. 990 minutes, respectively). Conclusion: The new technique enables fixation with biomechanical stability, which is essential to support the stress in the lumbosacral transition and promote earlier rehabilitation. Level of evidence IV, case series.
INTER- AND INTRA-OBSERVER AGREEMENT IN THE MILCH AND WEISS SYSTEMS
Authors: Lozoya Sergio Charles , Báez Joaquín Darío Treviño , Flores Jesús María Rangel , Ventura Jesús Miguel Brizuela , Topete Omar Araiza , Juárez Andrea Alcázar
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to estimate the inter- and intra-observer agreement of the Weiss and Milch classification systems in radiological studies of fractures of the lateral humeral condyle in pediatric patients. Methods: An agreement study was performed with non-probability sampling of consecutive cases with a sample size of a hundred radiological studies, which were evaluated by three experienced orthopedic surgeons and three resident physicians; following a thorough comparison of both inter- and intra-observer agreements over a six-week period based on the Fleiss’ kappa, which was used to determine the inter- and intra-observer agreement rates of both classifications. Results: The overall reliability of the entire group of evaluators for the Milch classification in the inter-observer evaluation was κ = 0.13, 95% CI, 0.08-0.18, and the intra-observer evaluation was κ = 0.08, 95% CI, 0.06-0.11. For the Weiss classification, the overall evaluation had an inter-observer agreement of κ = 0.53, 95% CI, 0.50-0.57, and an intra-observer agreement of κ = 0.22, 95% CI, 0.20 −0.24. Conclusion: In the present study, the Weiss classification system demonstrated greater agreement than the Milch classification; however, the latter may require complementary studies, such as an arthrography to enhance classification accuracy. Level of Evidence II, Diagnostic Studies - Investigating Diagnostic Examination.
TIBIAL ADAMANTINOMA: ANALYSIS OF SEVEN CONSECUTIVE CASES IN A SINGLE INSTITUTION
Authors: Zumárraga Juan Pablo , Cartolano Ricardo , Kohara Marcelo Tomio , Baptista André Mathias , Santos Felipe Gonçalves dos , Camargo Olavo Pires de
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: Adamantinoma accounts for less than 1% of the primary bone neoplasms. The tibia is the most affected bone and it is predominant in male patients between the second and third decades of life. The objective of this study is to obtain epidemiological and clinical information on patients with adamantinoma of the tibia treated surgically between 1989 and 2016. Methods: Retrospective series of seven patients diagnosed with adamantinoma of the tibia that underwent surgery at the orthopedic oncology service of our hospital. The information was obtained from the medical records and histopathological reports of our institution. Results: A total of 2870 medical records with histological reports were evaluated. Seven cases of adamantinoma of the tibia were included. The mean age was 28.5 (17-49) years. We found a predominance of females (71.4%) and the most affected side was the left one, with four cases (57.1%). The biopsy revealed bone adamantinoma in four (57.1%) patients, while the diagnosis of the other patients was confirmed after the histological examination of the surgical specimen. All the patients underwent surgery as definitive treatment. No positive margins were reported. No local recurrence (LR) was reported and two patients had distant metastasis (DM). Conclusion: The prognosis of survival in cases of adamantinoma of the tibia is high. The rates of LR and DM were low. Surgical treatment with extensive tumor resection is the treatment of choice. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.
EXTRA-ABDOMINAL DESMOID TUMOR: ANALYSIS OF 23 CONSECUTIVE CASES IN A SINGLE INSTITUTION
Authors: Zumárraga Juan Pablo , Coimbra Brian Guilherme Monteiro Marta , Santos Felipe Gonçalves dos , Baptista André Mathias , Kohara Marcelo Tomio , Camargo Olavo Pires de
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: Extra-abdominal desmoid tumor (EDT) is a rare condition, caused by proliferation of fibroblasts. Despite being a benign tumor, it is locally aggressive and has unpredictable clinical behavior. The objective of this study is to present the clinical outcomes of patients with EDT treated surgically between 1995 and 2016. Methods: This is a retrospective series of 23 patients with histopathological diagnosis of EDT that underwent surgery at the orthopedic oncology service of our hospital. The information was obtained from the institute's clinical and pathology reports. Results: A total of 223 medical records with histopathological reports were evaluated. Only 23 cases of EDT were included in the present study. The mean age was 22.5 years. Twelve (52.2%) patients had the tumor on the lower limbs, seven (30.4%) on the upper limbs and four (17.4%) cases were reported on the back. Five (21.7%) patients had tumors measuring less than 5 cm, while eighteen (78.3%) patients had tumors measuring more than 5 cm. All patients underwent surgery as the definitive treatment in our institute. Twelve (52.2%) cases presented negative margins (NM) and eleven (47.8%) cases had positive margins (PM). Local recurrence (LR) occurred in eleven (47.8%) patients. Conclusion: Impairment of the surgical margin was the only prognostic factor found for LR of EDT. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.
Size-dependent surface energy of Ar and Si nanovoids
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Li Hui
Published: October 2018

A simple model for the size dependence of liquid–vapor surface energy of a liquid drop, free of any adjustable parameter, has been extended for the size dependence of the surface energy of nanovoids in this work. Considering nanovoids, there is a negative curvature on the void surface, which is completely different from nanoparticles or liquid drops, which have positive curvature surfaces. Thus curvature has an important effect on material properties. Moreover, by introducing negative curvature into the model for deduction of liquid–vapor surface energy, a successful prediction for the behaviour of argon (Ar) and silicon (Si) surface energy on the surface of nanovoids are obtained, which further confirms the role of curvature. Furthermore, it is shown that the surface energy of nanovoids increases as void size is reduced, suggesting a greater difference in energy between surface atoms and interior atoms, especially when void size is smaller than 4 nm. This is owing to the fact that the surface energy gradually approaches that of the bulk when the void size is larger than 4 nm. Thus, the effect of size on the surface energy of voids is significant when the voids are of small dimensions.
Determination of rolls diameter for screw-rolling mills
Authors: Budnikov A. S. , Romantsev B. A. , Kharitonov E. A.
Published: October 2018

The problem of determining the maximum diameter of working rolls is typical for screw rolling mills that have more than two working rolls. Precise determination of the working roll diameter is especially important for three-roll mills, which are widely used in such industries as rolling and calibration, and radial-shear rolling mills operating at large feeding and rolling angles. Typically, the diameter of working rolls is determined in a constructive way or using 3D modeling. These methods are quite complex, require special skills, and do not allow investigation of the influence of main tuning mill factors such as feeding and rolling angles. There is a calculated method for determining the diameter of the roll barrel for a three-roll mill, but it is applicable for mills working at feeding angles of up to 10 degrees and rolling angles of 4  –  7  degrees. In conditions of radial-shear rolling, this method is not used, since it does not take into account the influence of feeding and rolling angles on which the conditions of the deformation process, manufacturability and quality of the products depend. The article considers a more general method for determining the diameter of working rolls of three or more rolling mills, taking into account their rotation at the feeding and rolling angles. The relationship between diameter of the rolls, their number, minimum diameter of the deformation center, the feeding and rolling angles are shown, which makes it possible to evaluate the structural capabilities of both three and four-roll rolling mills. The results of the presented work make it possible to expand the possibilities for further studies of the technology and equipment of three-roll screw rolling mills for the production of solid and hollow products using completely new deformation modes for the processes of rolling out hollow products of their reduction as well as radial shearing rolling. Importantly, it is possible to supplement existing knowledge about the change in geometry of deformation center, and also to predict geometric parameters of the working rolls of the projected multi-roll mills for given rolled products sizes.
Development of smelting technology of refined ferromanganese with special complex reducing agents
Authors: Baisanov S. O. , Baisanov A. S. , Isagulov A. Z. , Esengaliev D. A. , Ospanov N. I.
Published: October 2018

The role of manganese in the production of steel is exceptionally high. A feature of the silicothermic process of obtaining refined ferromanganese is the large loss of manganese with waste slag. When waste slag is cooled, it crumbles to form a fine dust due to the polymorphic transformation of calcium orthosilicate β-Ca2SiO4  →  γ-Ca2SiO4 at temperature of 450  –  470  °С with an increase in volume by 12.3  %. As the volume increases, considerable internal stresses appear inside the slag, which leads to dispersion of the slags into finely dispersed state during their cooling. This work is devoted to improving the technology of smelting refined ferromanganese grades, using special complex reducing agents. Experiments have been carried out to simulate the smelting process of refined ferromanganese in an ore-thermal refining furnace RCO-0.1 MVA using aluminosilicomanganese (ASM). The technological modes of the smelting process are established, i.e. optimal composition of charge. Charge went evenly without collapses and emissions. The stability of the current load was observed. Thus, the principal possibility of obtaining a refined ferromanganese with the use of a complex ASM alloy as a reducing agent was proved by the largelaboratory experimental melting. The use of ASM as a reducing agent, instead of ferrosilicomanganese, is due to the sufficient content of silicon and aluminum in it. The presence of chemical compounds and solid solutions of iron, silicon and aluminum in ASM should significantly reduce losses of silicon and aluminum for oxidation processes when interacting with air oxygen. And involving ASM alloy in the metallurgical redistribution, in refined ferromanganese smelting, instead of expensive ferrosilicomanganese will make it possible to obtain an alloy with high added value and with the best technological parameters, due to the presence of additional aluminum in it. The results of X-ray phase studies of slag samples show that the mineralogical components are gehlenite, dicalcium silicate and manganosite. It is noted that gelenite in them is the dominant phase, which is a solid solution, preventing the dispersion of slag. As a result of the theoretical and experimental studies, the tasks have been solved - the smelting technology of refined ferromanganese was developed and tested using a special complex reducing agent – ASM.
Analysis of the methodology for determining CO2 emissions on the territory of the Russian Federation in respect to the ferrous metallurgy
Authors: Simonyan L. M.
Published: October 2018

Nowadays there are different points of view about the cause of global climate change. The current warming, according to one version, is related to the greenhouse effect, i.e. with increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (mainly carbon dioxide, CO2) in the atmosphere. It is believed that the uncontrolled growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere may lead to negative consequences. The position of  UNFCCC and IPCC proposing accounting of greenhouse gases is of recommendatory nature. In particular, an inventory of greenhouse gases can be produced, taking into account the particularities of national development. The main objective of the greenhouse gas inventory is defining reserves to reduce them. Main anthropogenic sources of CO2formation in the Russian Federation are reviewed. Comparative indicators of CO2emissions in different sectors of production are provided. The methodology for greenhouse gases in Russia is considered, in particular with respect to the steel industry. The analysis has shown that official methods to assess CO2emissions into the atmosphere are mainly Base and Sectoral approaches and Level 2 method. Detailed approach and Level 3 method are used for a limited number of metallurgical processing. Part of the CO2emissions from ferrous metallurgy, in particular the emissions from the production of blast furnace coke, is accounted in the energy sector. According to the inventory estimation, total anthropogenic CO2emissions on the territory of RF have decreased and amounted in 2015 75  % from the level of 1990: compared to 1990, the CO2emissions of the steel industry also decreased. Estimated share of the ferrous metallurgy in anthropogenic emissions of CO2compared to 1990 (4.0  %) has increased and amounted to 4.8  % in 2015.
DO SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF RURAL BACKYARD FARMERS’ HOUSEHOLDS DRIVE INCOME GENERATION FROM BACKYARD FARMING? EVIDENCE FROM NORTH WEST PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Mokone Neo , Antwi Michael , Chagwiza Clarietta
Published: October 2018

People in most developing countries’ rural areas around the world face food insecurity and malnutrition due to many factors, including low purchasing power. There is renewed interest in backyard or home gardens as a source of income and a pathway out of poverty and food insecurity among rural households. This paper identifies and analyzes the factors that influence income generation from backyard farming among backyard farmers in the rural communities of Bojanala district municipality in the North West province. Using a structured questionnaire, cross-sectional data was collected from 220 backyard farmers. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data; the findings reveal that gender of household head, formal employment, farm ownership, farming experience and annual income from livestock had a positive and significant influence on income generation from backyard farming. To maximize the potential of backyard gardens as a source of income generation and livelihood, policymakers and relevant government departments must pay close attention to these variables
Первичные публичные размещения акций: обзор исследований
Authors: Львутин П П , Фетцер О В
Published: October 2018

В данной статье анализируются методы и результаты академических исследований IPO. Рассматриваются широко известные и дебатируемые феномены IPO в рамках трех подходов: с точки зрения акционеров, с точки зрения компании как независимой хозяйственной единицы в рамках бизнес- среды и с точки зрения инвестиционного банка и инфраструктуры финансового рынка. Представлен обзор статей по феномену недооценки и переоценки IPO на разных инвестиционных горизонтах, выбора компанией времени для выхода и мотивов выхода на IPO, волнам IPO, эффективности компании после IPO.
THE SOCIETY OF ARTS MAP AWARDS AND THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF GEOLOGICAL MAPPING
Authors: HENRY C. JOHN
Published: October 2018

The Society of Arts, recognising the inadequate state of mapping in Britain, introduced an award in 1759 to encourage the accurate survey and production of county maps at a ‘large’ scale of one inch to one mile (1:63,360) by private individuals. From 1761 to 1809, thirteen awards were made. By 1800 nearly all of England and Lowland Scotland and a third of Wales were mapped by the private enterprise of surveyors, cartographers and publishers before the publication in 1801 of the first Ordnance Survey map at an inch to the mile, of Kent. The role of the Society of Arts awards scheme, in the general rush to produce accurate large scale maps of England and Wales is appraised. Manuscript field maps by William Smith and Adam Sedgwick on SA prize-winning county one inch scale maps for their geological work and a completed example of one inch geological mapping by Arthur Aikin are examined. No geological mapping was published on one-inch county maps, but smaller scale reductions were. Less than a third of published large scale county maps won awards and more than half were published without reference to the Society of Arts; however, the rate of progress of survey and publishing suggests that the Society of Arts awards scheme accelerated the trend to produce one inch mapping in England. In the process, the modest accuracy and lack of standardisation demonstrated the need for government intervention. The Ordnance Trigonometric Survey was the government's response in 1791 to produce a rigorous national triangulation and a consistent high standard of national mapping. Published one-inch geological mapping waited until the Ordnance Survey initiated geological mapping in the 1830s. The Society of Arts offered awards for small scale mineralogical maps in 1803; William Smith's 1815 geological map won the award for England and Wales.
NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY, DEBATES BETWEEN GEOLOGISTS AND ENGINEERS AND THE ROLE OF THE SOCIETY OF ARTS
Authors: MATHER JOHN D.
Published: October 2018

Responding to the initiative of their President, the Prince of Wales, the Society of Arts organised three meetings on National Water Supply, from 1878 to 1884. Since the early years of the nineteenth century, the issue of water supply had been examined by numerous Commissions and Committees, but they had failed to recommend any course of action leading to a comprehensive scheme. At the first Congress, in May 1878, twenty-four contributions were received in response to a call for views on how a national scheme might be implemented. It was agreed that a lack of information, was holding back action and a resolution was passed asking Government to establish a Commission to collect data on such things as rainfall, underground water and river flows. At a second Conference, in May the following year, the Society offered medals for dividing England and Wales into Water Supply Districts, receiving twelve submissions of which two were awarded silver medals. The submission of Frederick Toplis proposed a structure remarkably similar to that eventually adopted, almost 100 years later, in 1973. There had been no response to the resolution of the previous year, which was again supported without success. A third Conference, in July 1884, went over much of the ground covered previously. The three meetings were successful in that they brought together engineers, scientists and politicians, in a neutral environment, to discuss the ‘water question’, although disagreements between water engineers and geologists over the amount of underground water available were not resolved. They were unsuccessful in initiating Government action; the collection of rainfall data was not taken over by a Government Department until 1919, and it was not until 1935 that the systematic collection of data on both surface and groundwaters finally began.
THE PRUSSIAN GEOSCIENTIST, ENGINEER AND PAINTER AUGUST VON HEYDEN (1827–1897): AN ARTISTIC CHRONICLER OF THE WORLD OF MINING DURING THE MID-NINETEENTH CENTURY
Authors: MOHR BARBARA A. R.
Published: October 2018

August von Heyden's (1827–1897) life was exceptional in several ways. His first career as a geologist and mining engineer gave him inspirations for his second career as a painter. Partly he found the themes for his oeuvre in his immediate surrounding, namely in- and outside of mines, which made him a chronicler of mining activities for his times. The work of this Prussian painter was highly appreciated during the last third of the nineteenth century, also known as the Wilhelminian era. Today his book illustrations, paintings and frescos are usually seen as those of an artist of late romanticism and realism based on some of the mythological scenes and the ‘glory of the Middle Age’ which he depicted on canvas. His paintings have received little attention from art historians, even though he might be considered to have been the forerunner of several different styles that were in vogue during the first third of the twentieth century. Nevertheless, his unusual abilities to catch moments of everyday life in his drawings are very refreshing.
Autism Spectrum Disorders through the Prism of Sensorimotor Correction
Authors: Zvereva N.V.
Published: October 2018

The article presents a review of the textbook by T.G. Goryacheva and Yu.V. Nikitina "Disorders of the autism spectrum in children. The method of sensorimotor correction”. The benefits on the Russian technology of working with children with autism spectrum disorders (according to the method of sensorimotor correction) is noted. The content of the book is briefly presented, the methodological positions of the authors are described, and the main advantages of the book are noted. The audience for which the manual is intended is described.
Социальный портрет молодых российских фрилансеров
Authors: Дудина Ольга Мухаметшевна , Голованова Дарья Владимировна
Published: October 2018

Актуальность исследования обусловлена распространением среди российской молодежи нестандартной занятости в виде фриланса. Однако, последствия фриланса для молодых людей недостаточно изучены. В инициативном социологическом исследовании, проведенном авторами был выявлен в первую очередь социальный портрет российских фрилансеров, Ими оказались молодые высококвалифицированные женщины (16-30 лет), обладающие ценными для современного рынка труда деловыми качествами. Заметная доля среди них состоит в браке и имеют детей. Они придерживаются ценностей самореализации, возможности заниматься любимым делом, а также свободы и независимости. Фриланс повышает качество жизни и удовлетворенность жизнью в целом. Сделан вывод о том, что фрилансеры испытывают на себе не только преимущества, но и существенные недостатки этой формы занятости, делающие их социально-уязвимыми. Это ставит вопрос о создании профессиональных организациях фрилансеров, защищающих их права.
Взаимодействие национальной инновационной системы России с глобальной средой
Authors: Алтынбаева Людмила Евгеньевна
Published: October 2018

Национальная инновационная система России, помимо внутристрановых факторов, находится под влиянием позитивных и негативных тенденций (относящихся в значительной степени к глобализации) современной экономической и политической ситуации в мире.
В статье оценивается взаимодействие российской национальной инновационной системы с глобальной средой, раскрывается негативный эффект санкций, а также указывается на важность снижения значимости экспорта сырья и создание экономики, способной на создание собственной продукции и развитие наукоемкого производства.
Формирование системы бережливого производства на уровне «предприятие – вуз» как основа эффективной работы всех подсистем предприятия
Authors: Авдеева Екатерина Сергеевна , Резник Алексей Евгеньевич
Published: October 2018

В статье рассматриваются особенности применения концепции бережливого производства на отечественных предприятиях. Кроме этого изучаются «муда» на предприятиях-производителях авиакомпонентов, рассматриваются резервы повышения эффективности различных подсистем данных предприятий. Дается обоснование формирование общего, межуровневого потока создания ценности «предприятие - вуз» и создание системы вытягивания специалистов исходя из реальных потребностей предприятий.
Bir Hastanede Çalışan Hemşirelerin Empati ve Tükenmişlik Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Şahin Sevil , Özgen Duygu , Özdemir Kevser , Ünsal Alaettin
Published: October 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışma, hemşirelerin empati düzeylerinin saptanması ve empati ile tükenmişlik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: 1 Mayıs- 1 Kasım 2013 tarihleri arasında Ankara’da bir devlet hastanesinin Yoğun bakım, Acil servis, Dahili - Cerrahi servisler ve Poliklinik birimlerinde çalışan 334 hemşire üzerinde gerçekleştirilen tanımlayıcı tipte bir araştırmadır. Çalışmanın amacına uygun olarak önceden hazırlanmış olan anket formlar, gözlem altında hemşireler tarafından doldurulmuştur. Hemşirelerin empati düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesinde Jefferson Empati Skalası, tükenmişlik durumlarının değerlendirilmesinde ise Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizleri Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal-Wallis testi ve Spearman Korelasyon Analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel anlamlılık değeri olarak p<0.05 kabul edilmiştir.Bulgular: Çalışma grubunu oluşturanların yaşları 19-42 arasında değişmekte olup, ortalama 30.22±6.17 yıl idi. Hemşirelerin 294’ü (%88.0) kadın, 40’ı (%12.0)ise erkektir. Empati Skalasından alınan puanlar 69-124 arasında değişmekte olup, ortanca puan 101.0 idi.Empati düzeyi ile Tükenmişlik Ölçeğinin Kişisel Başarı Duygusu alt alanından alınan puanlar arasında ise negatif yönde bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05).Sonuç: Kadın hemşirelerin empati düzeyleri daha yüksek olduğu için hemşirelik mesleğine seçimde kadınlar açısından pozitif bir ayrımcılığın yapılması yararlı olacaktır. Empati düzeyi ile Kişisel Başarı Duygusu ters orantılıdır.
Mustafa Kemal University Students' Use of Mobile Health Applications
Authors: DÖNER GÜNER Pınar , BÖLÜKBAŞI Hande , KOKAÇYA Sümeyya Havva , YENGİL Erhan , ÖZER Cahit
Published: October 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin mobil sağlıkuygulamalarını kullanım sıklığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışma, Mustafa KemalÜniversitesi öğrencileriyle Aralık 2017- Şubat 2018 tarihlerinde yürütülmüştür.Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden farklı fakülte ve yüksekokullardan 877 öğrenciçalışmaya dâhil edildi. Çalışmada uygulanan anket literatürde yer alan mobil sağlıkteknolojileri ile ilgili çalışmalardan yararlanılarak hazırlanmıştır.Bulgular: Çalışmaya 877 kişi katıldı. Yaş ortancaları 21 (en küçük:17 en büyük:36)idi. %51’i erkek (n=447) %49’u kadın (n=430) idi. Katılımcıların %90,6 (n=795)’sısosyal medya kullanmaktaydı. Katılımcılardan sosyal medyada yer alan sağlık ileilgili paylaşımları takip edenlerin oranı %51,8 (n=454) idi. Sağlıkla ilgiliuygulamaları kullananlar %34,2 (n=300) idi. Katılımcıların %11,5’i (n=101) mobilsağlık uygulamalarını her gün kullanmaktayken, %4,3’ü (n=38) mobil sağlıkuygulamalarını ayda bir kullanmaktaydı.Sonuç: Bireylerin tablet ve akıllı telefon kullanımlarının artması ile mobil sağlıkuygulamalarının da kullanımı artabilir. Böylelikle bireylerin yaşam tarzlarının,diyetlerinin ve egzersizlerinin düzenlenmesine katkı sağlanabilir. Yaşam tarzıdeğişikliği önerilen hastaların mobil
Düzce İli Çocuk Evlerinde Kalan Çocuk ve Ergenlerin Klinik ve Sosyodemografik Özellikleri
Authors: YEKTAŞ Çiğdem , TUFAN Ali Evren , YAZICI Merve
Published: October 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Düzce İli Çocuk Evleri‟nde kurum bakımı altında olan çocuk ve ergenlerin sosyodemografik ve klinik özelliklerinin ve ruhsal sorunlarla ilişkili olabilecek etmenlerin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Düzce Çocuk Evleri‟nde koruma altında kalan ve 20162018 tarihleri arasında farklı zaman aralıklarında Düzce Üniversitesi Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı birimine kurum çalışanları eşliğinde başvuran toplam 61 çocuk ve ergen dahil edilmiştir. Poliklinik başvurusu olan hastaların klinik değerlendirmeleri DSM 5 tanı sistemine göre yapılmış olup, başvuruları sırasında hastalar, Çocuklar için Depresyon Ölçeği, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği, Anksiyete ve İlgili Bozukluklar İçin Tarama ve Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiş, ayrıca kurum görevlileri ve öğretmenleri tarafından DSM-IV‟e Dayalı Yıkıcı Davranış Bozuklukları için Tarama ve Değerlendirme Ölçeği doldurulmuştur. Bulgular: Kurum bakımına en sık verilme nedenleri, yoksulluk ailenin çocuk için gerekli temel bakımı sağlayamaması, ihmal ve istismar olarak belirlenmiştir. Çocukların kuruma verilme yaş ortancası 96 ay, kurumda kalma süre ortancası 36 ay olarak saptanmıştır. 61 çocuğun % 90.2‟sinde tanı alacak düzeyde bir psikopatoloji saptanmıştır. Çocukların aldıkları en sık ruhsal tanılar sırasıyla Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB), Yıkıcı Davranış Bozuklukları, Major Depresif Bozukluk (MDB), Mental Retardasyon (MR) ve Özgül öğrenme güçlüğü (ÖÖG) olmuştur. Psikopatoloji varlığı ile ebeveyn ayrılığı,  öğretmen ve kurum görevlilerince bildirilen dikkatsizlik, hiperaktivite/ dürtüsellik, zıtlaşma ve davranım sorunları arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Bulgularımız kurum çocuklarında dahi ebeveynlerin birlikte yaşamaya devam etmelerinin koruyucu etki gösterebileceğini düşündürebilir. Diğer yandan kurum görevlilerince bildirilen davranım sorunları ve öğretmenlerin gözlediği dikkatsizlik belirtileri bu çocuklarda farklı psikopatolojiler için uyarıcı olabilir.
Supercritical Carbondioxide Extraction of Lavandula Officinalis (Lavender) and Hypericum Perforatum (Centaury) Plants Grown in Mersin Region: Investigation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Extracts and Usage as Cosmetic Preservatives in Creams
Authors: AVSAR Gokturk , YÜKSEL Derya , EMEN Fatih Mehmet , DEMİRDÖĞEN Ruken Esra , YEŞİLKAYNAK Tuncay , KAHRIMAN Levent
Published: October 2018

The extraction
of Lavandula Officinalis (lavender) and Hypericum Perforatum (centaury)
plants grown in Mersin region were extracted by supercritical carbondioxide
extraction system (P=100 bar, T=40o C). The chemical composition of
the lavender and centaury extracts were analysed by Gas Chromatography–Mass
Spectrograph (GC-MS). For antioxidant activity experiments, 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrylhidrazine
(DPPH) radical was used in radical effect tests. For antimicrobial activity studies,
Bacillussubtilis, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Escherichiacoli,
Staphylococcusaureus, Pseudomonasaeruginosa and Streptococcuspneumoniae
with Nutrient Agar Broth (NA) and Eosin Methylene-blue lactose sucrose agar
(EMB) broth were used. For determining antimicrobial effect of plant extracts,
diffusion method was used. Antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the obtained
extracts were examined and have been determined that the resulting extracts
have significant antioxidant and antimicrobial effect. The extracts were also
used in cosmetic cream formulas as protectives. Effective results have also
been determined in antibacterial activity studies of creams after 6 months.
A Low Power Voltage Sag Compensator
Authors: Martinz Fernando O. , Galassi Mauricio , Giaretta Antonio R. , Oliveira Marco A. , Silva Fabiana A.T. , Masuda Mario , Copeliovitch Simão , Zanetti Eric R. , Lima Eduardo G. , Camargo Josué , Ahn Se Un , Matakas Jr. Lourenço , Komatsu Wilson , Jardini José A.
Published: October 2018

The increasing use of voltage variation sensitive loads in industrial applications nowadays has brought a real concern about interruption costs and damages in complex production lines. This paper presents a power-electronic–based device which compensates voltage sags, restoring the load voltage to acceptable values through a series connected injection transformer. The ratings and power requirements of a low-power voltage sag compensator, also known as Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) are derived, as well as its deadbeat control algorithm implemented in a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). Finally, simulation and experimental results of a 5-kVA prototype are presented.
Controlador Discreto De Alto Desempenho Com Base Num Modelo Interno Em Eixos Síncronos Para Ups Trifásica Que Satisfaz A Norma Iec62040-3
Authors: Botterón Fernando , Pinheiro Humberto
Published: October 2018

Este artigo propõe um controlador discreto de tensão em eixos síncronos, baseado num modelo interno com taxa de amostragem e número de pólos reduzidos. Este controlador é apropriado para inversores trifásicos PWM com transformador de saída para aplicações em UPS de dupla conversão. Demonstra-se aqui que esta redução do número de pólos e da taxa de amostragem permite obter alguns benefícios, dentre eles: (i) melhora da resposta transitória; (ii) um incremento da margem de estabilidade do sistema em malha fechada; (iii) uma solução atrativa para microcontroladores e DSPs de aritmética de ponto fixo bem como uma redução do espaço em memória RAM necessário para armazenar o erro da tensão de saída; e (iv) uma solução muito simples para o problema da saturação do transformador isolador. Como resultados obtêm-se tensões de saída de alta qualidade enquanto que se garante um bom desempenho transitório para carga linear bem como não linear. Para confirmar as vantagens anteriormente descritas, resultados experimentais são apresentados sob as condições de teste da norma IEC62040-3, utilizando-se um inversor trifásico com modulação space vector de 10 kVA totalmente controlado por um DSP TMS320F241.
W kwestii sprawiedliwości diachronicznej
Authors: Habermas Jürgen
Published: October 2018

Tekst ten jest częścią zapisków autobiograficznych i niniejszym publikowany jest po raz pierwszy. Traktuje on o złożonej kwestii: jak mają pokolenia później urodzonych, którzy występują w roli współobywateli, zachować się wobec winy moralnej i politycznej (zatem nie tej, do której odnoszą się regulacje zawarte w prawie karnym), jaką obarczone są ostałe przy życiu postacie ze świata publicznego z okresu najnowszych dziejów, w sytuacji, gdy ciąży na tych postaciach odpowiedzialność za udzielanie przez nie niegdyś szczególnego – z uwagi na wysoką pozycję i zakres ich społecznego oddziaływania – wsparcia pokonanemu tymczasem zbrodniczemu reżimowi. W szczególności chodzi w tym wypadku o kwestię, jaką rolę przy osądzaniu budzącego zastrzeżenia postępowania odgrywa czasowy dystans. W poniższym tekście przyjmuje się w punkcie wyjścia, że retrospektywny osąd minionych zachowań – przy niezmiennych standardach moralnych – może ostatecznie wypaść inaczej, to znaczy, może być bardziej powściągliwy, aniżeli osąd, jaki na temat ekskulpacji ostałych przy życiu postaci ze świata publicznego wypowiadany będzie przez ich rówieśników w sytuacji obecnego ich ze sobą kontaktu face to face. Trzeba bowiem w wypadku asynchronicznego aplikowania tych samych zasad moralnych baczyć na okoliczności historyczne, którym onegdaj przypisywano inną wagę niźli waga, jaka jest przypisywana im obecnie. Ma to miejsce wówczas, kiedy w czasie, który od tamtej pory upłynął, miały miejsce procesy uczenia się, które zmieniły standardy kultury politycznej oraz rozumienie politycznej i moralnej odpowiedzialności obywateli.
Programowanie sanacji przestrzeni wiejskiej. Autorskie mechanizmy planistyczne na rzecz zrównoważonego kształtowania obszarów wiejskich
Authors: Barełkowski Robert , Wojtyra Bartosz
Published: October 2018

W pierwszej części artykułu autorzy diagnozują problemy procesu planowania przestrzennego w Polsce wynikające z obowiązującego systemu prawnego oraz identyfikują ich efekty w przestrzeni wiejskiej. W drugiej części skupiają się na prezentacji trzech wątków badawczych, stanowiących propozycję aplikacyjnych metod wdrażanych eksperymentalnie do procesu planistycznego, bazując na doświadczeniach praktycznych. W podsumowaniu konstruują listę rekomendacji dotyczących programowania sanacji zagospodarowania obszarów wiejskich.
Audyt krajobrazowy narzędziem innowacji społecznej
Authors: Majchrowska Anna , Papińska Elżbieta
Published: October 2018

W artykule zaprezentowano zagadnienia dotyczące wprowadzania procedury audytu krajobrazowego, wynikającego z przyjęcia przez Polskę Europejskiej Konwencji Krajobrazowej. Autorki za wiodące zagadnienie uznały partycypację społeczną i jej rolę podczas wdrażania audytu. Dokonano oceny procedury partycypacji społecznej w dwóch wariantach, wynikającej z obowiązujących przepisów prawnych oraz zaproponowanej w metodyce wykonywania audytu. Wnioski z przeprowadzonej oceny pozwalają stwierdzić, że tak nowatorskie narzędzie jak audyt może okazać się niewykorzystaną szansą na wprowadzenie ważnej społecznej innowacji.