bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interdisciplinary Collaborations in Digital Health Research: Mixed Methods Case Study (Preprint)
Authors: Krause-Jüttler Grit , Weitz Jürgen , Bork Ulrich
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital innovations in medicine are disruptive technologies that can change the way diagnostic procedures and treatments are delivered. Such innovations are typically designed in teams with different disciplinary backgrounds. This paper concentrates on 2 interdisciplinary research teams with 20 members from the medicine and engineering sciences working jointly on digital health solutions.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this paper was to identify factors on the individual, team, and organizational levels that influence the implementation of interdisciplinary research projects elaborating on digital applications for medicine and, based on the results, to draw conclusions for the proactive design of the interdisciplinary research process to make these projects successful.

METHODS

To achieve this aim, 2 interdisciplinary research teams were observed, and a small case study (response rate: 15/20, 75%) was conducted using a web-based questionnaire containing both closed and open self-report questions. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was calculated to analyze the quantitative data. The answers to the open-ended questions were subjected to qualitative content analysis.

RESULTS

With regard to the interdisciplinary research projects investigated, the influencing factors of the three levels presented (individual, team, and organization) have proven to be relevant for interdisciplinary research cooperation.

CONCLUSIONS

With regard to recommendations for the future design of interdisciplinary cooperation, management aspects are addressed, that is, the installation of a coordinator, systematic definition of goals, required resources, and necessary efforts on the part of the involved interdisciplinary research partners. As only small groups were investigated, further research in this field is necessary to derive more general recommendations for interdisciplinary research teams.

CLINICALTRIAL

German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00023909, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00023909 ; German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00025077, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00025077
From the Cochrane Library: Hydrosurgical Debridement Versus Conventional Surgical Debridement for Acute Partial-Thickness Burns (Preprint)
Authors: Kokoska Ryan E , Szeto Mindy D , Sivesind Torunn E , Dellavalle Robert P , Wormald Justin C R
Published: May 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

N/A
Smartphone-based platform assisted by artificial intelligence for reading and reporting SARS-CoV-2 lateral-flow immunoassays (Preprint)
Authors: Bermejo-Peláez David , Marcos-Mencía Daniel , Álamo Elisa , Pérez-Panizo Nuria , Mousa Adriana , Dacal Elena , Lin Lin , Vladimirov Alexander , Cuadrado Daniel , Mateos-Nozal Jesús , Galán Juan Carlos , Romero-Hernandez Beatriz , Cantón Rafael , Luengo-Oroz Miguel , Rodriguez-Dominguez Mario
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are being widely used to manage COVID-19 pandemic. However, many results remain unreported or unconfirmed altering a correct epidemiological surveillance.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate an artificial intelligence-based smartphone application, connected to a web telemedicine platform, to automatically and objectively read rapid diagnostic test (RDT) results and assess its impact on COVID-19 pandemic management.

METHODS

Overall, 252 human sera from individuals with PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2 infection were used to inoculate a total of 1,165 RDTs for training and validation purposes. We then conducted two field studies to assess the performance on real-world scenarios by testing 172 antibody RDTs at two nursing homes and 96 antigen RDTs at one hospital emergency department.

RESULTS

Field studies demonstrated high levels of sensitivity (100%) and specificity (94.4%, CI 92.8-96.1%) for reading IgG band of COVID-19 antibodies RDTs compared to visual readings from health workers. Sensitivity of detecting IgM test bands was 100% and specificity was 95.8%, CI 94.3-97.3%. All COVID-19 antigen RDTs were correctly read by the app.

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed reading system is automatic, reducing variability and uncertainty associated with RDTs interpretation and can be used to read different RDTs brands. The web platform serves as a real time epidemiological tracking tool and facilitates reporting of positive RDTs to relevant health authorities.
Identifying desired features that would be acceptable and helpful in a wrist-worn biosensor-based alcohol intervention for adults with heavy drinking: A qualitative study (Preprint)
Authors: Richards Veronica L , Rajendran Saahas , Cook Robert L , Leeman Robert F , Wang Yan , Prins Cindy , Cook Christa
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Alcohol misuse is highly prevalent in the U.S. and results in a great financial and public health burden. Current alcohol reduction treatments are underutilized and there is a critical need for innovation in the field. Transdermal alcohol biosensors measure alcohol use passively and continuously and may be helpful tools in alcohol interventions. To date, however, alcohol biosensors have not been widely used to directly intervene on alcohol use. There is a new wrist-worn biosensor that could be used to help people reduce their drinking, though it is unclear how to best incorporate such a device into an alcohol intervention.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to identify desired features that would be acceptable and helpful in a wrist-worn biosensor-based alcohol intervention for adults with heavy drinking.

METHODS

Participants were recruited through an alcohol contingency management (CM) study; a contact registry; and participant referral. To qualify, participants had to be at least 40 years old; report drinking at least twice per week and indicate interest in reducing their drinking. We conducted a semi-structured interview with each participant via Zoom. The interview guide addressed general thoughts on the wrist-worn biosensor; how participants thought a wrist-worn biosensor could be used to help people quit or reduce drinking; types of information participants would want to receive from the sensor; how they would want to receive that information; and how they thought this information could be used to change their behavior. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis.

RESULTS

The sample was comprised of 20 adults (Mage=55.1, SDage=6.1, 55% women, 85% Black). Nine (45%) participants had previous experience with the SCRAM CAM ankle biosensor from participating in an alcohol CM study. The desirable features could be grouped into five main themes, including 1) Features that would influence willingness (the biosensor should look nice, be comfortable, and be accessible); 2) Personalized messaging (personalized biosensor-based prompts and feedback could be helpful); 3) Preference for time wearing the biosensor (for some, just wearing the biosensor could have an intervention effect); 4) Sharing data with others (this was appealing to many but not all); 5) Mental health support (many felt that mental health support could be incorporated with the biosensor).

CONCLUSIONS

Five main themes that would maximize desire to use a wrist-worn biosensor for alcohol intervention were identified. Taken together, the identified themes could inform a just-in-time adaptive intervention that uses a wrist-worn biosensor to help persons with heavy drinking reduce their alcohol use.
Experimentation of the SoBeezy program in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: what lessons have we learned? (Preprint)
Authors: Pech Marion , Gbessemehlan Antoine , Dupuy Lucile , Sauzéon Hélène , Lafitte Stéphane , Bachelet Philippe , Amieva Hélène , Pérès Karine
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

The SoBeezy program is an innovative intervention aiming at promoting and fostering healthy ageing and ageing in place by proposing to older adults concrete solutions to face the daily life, tackle loneliness, promote social participation and reduce digital divide thanks to a specific easy-to-use voice assistant (the BeeVA smartdisplay).

OBJECTIVE

The present study aimed to assess the acceptability of the SoBeezy program and of its voice assistant, and to identify the potential areas of improvement.

METHODS

A 12-month experimentation of the program has been deployed in real-life conditions among older adults living in the community in four pilot city of France. Launched during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 crisis, this multi-site study aimed to assess acceptability using questionnaires and interviews conducted at baseline and at the end of the experimentation. In addition, a series of meetings have been conducted with the staff SoBeezy members to have the direct feedbacks from the ground.

RESULTS

In total, 109 older persons have been equipped with the BeeVA to use the SoBeezy platform, among them 32 left the experimentation before its end and 69 participants completed the final questionnaires. In total, 335 interventions have been conducted and almost 40% of the participants requested services, mainly for supportive calls and visits, assistance with shopping, transportation, and crafting-gardening. Three-quarters of the whole sample considered the BeeVA as a reassuring presence and few persons reported a negative opinion on the program (15 out of the 69). The voice assistant appeared easy to use and particularly useful for participants living alone and those less comfortable with technology. They also were positive to the acquisition of the BeeVA and the SoBeezy intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

This multi-site study conducted in real-life conditions, among more than 100 older adults living in the community provides enlightening results of the reality on the ground on digital tools designed for the aging population. The COVID-19 context appeared both as an opportunity given the massive needs of the older adults during this crisis, but also very limiting due to the sanitary constraints. Nevertheless, the experimentation showed overall a good acceptability of the voice assistant, a high level of satisfaction of the participants among those who really used the system and could be a way of improving the autonomy and well-being of older adults and their families. However, the findings also highlighted resistance to change and difficulties for the users to ask for help. The experimentation also emphasized levers for the next deployments and future research. The next step will be the experimentation of the activity-sharing component that could not be tested due to the COVID-19 context.
Effectiveness of App-Based Mindfulness Training Intervention on Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome and Quality of life: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Mazaheri Asadi Dorsa , Zahedi Tajrishi Komeil , gharraee banafsheh
Published: May 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common problem for women of reproductive age, affecting various aspects of their lives. While various in-person psychotherapeutic interventions, including Mindfulness therapy, have yielded promising results in reducing PMS symptoms, due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, psychotherapists are providing their services via online methods. Therefore, the presents study is the first one worldwide to examine whether smartphone-based Mindfulness training can reduce symptoms of PMS and improve the quality of life in women with PMS. We recruited 80 Iranian women (aged 25 to 45) with PMS through online advertising who were randomly allocated into two groups of 40. The intervention group underwent two online introductory group sessions followed by eight weeks of Mindfulness practice, while the control group received no intervention. Before and after the intervention, participants completed the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey and the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening (PSST) questionnaires. Data were analyzed using covariance (ANCOVA) and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Following the intervention, the mean scores of PMS symptoms were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.001). Likewise, the quality of life scores was significantly higher in the intervention group (p < 0.001). Our results indicated that the smartphone-based Mindfulness training intervention could be an effective treatment modality for women with PMS symptoms, especially during the COVID-19 Pandemic, which has posed limitations for in-person therapies.
Assessment of Yield Enhancement Intervention under National Rice Program and Rice Competitiveness Enhancement Fund to Palay Production and Income of Nueva Ecija Farmers
Authors: Leabres Ronel
Published: May 2022

Rice is a staple food for Filipinos and the sufficiency of its supply is essential. The Philippines source its supply of rice from local production and importation from neighboring Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam and Thailand. Nueva Ecija and its farmers are the largest rice producer in the Philippines. Nueva Ecija was popularly known as the Rice Granary of the country as it produces 9.5 – 10% of the total rice production in country for the last 5 years or equivalent to 1.6 million MT to 1.9 million MT. A percentile change in the production volume of rice in the province will have an impact of approximately 18000MT of change in supply availability. The level of supply in the province may affect the farmgate pricing of palay, affect the income of the farmers and helps determine their willingness to plant in the upcoming seasons. Farmgate price of palay in Nueva Ecija from 2010 to 2020 is Php 12.72 to Php26.68.Low farmgate prices discourage farmers to plant or disable them to do so as they are losing capital for the succeeding seasons. Rice seeds and farm inputs are being provided by the government thru RCEF to selected farmers to increase their productivity and subsidize some of the cost of production. The same programs were rolled out in Nueva Ecija, but farmers still ask for support to help them turn the rice farming profitable.
Matching-adjusted indirect comparison via a polynomial-based non-linear optimization method
Authors: Alsop Jonathan C , Pont Lawrence O
Published: May 2022

Aim:
To demonstrate the potential of fourth-order polynomials within a non-linear optimization framework for matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC).
Materials & methods:
Simulated individual patient data were reweighted via fourth-order polynomials (polyMAIC) to match aggregate-level data across multiple baseline characteristics. The polyMAIC approach employed pre-specified matching tolerances and maximum allowable weights. Matching performance against aggregate-level targets was assessed, and also compared against the current industry-standard MAIC approach (Signorovitch).
Results:
The polyMAIC method matched aggregate-level targets within pre-specified tolerances. Effective sample sizes were either similar to or somewhat higher than those obtained from the Signorovitch method. Performance gains from polyMAIC tended to increase as matching complexity increased.
Conclusion:
PolyMAIC incorporates greater flexibility than the industry-standard MAIC approach and demonstrates matching potential.
Informing Disasters Management by Using Twitter tweets
Authors: Naikwade Ashish Vijay , Deshmukh Sachin N.
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Recently social media plays a major role and providing information during disasters. This paper mainly focuses on how people used social media, especially Twitter, in response to the country's worst flood, Earthquake that had occurred recently. And these tweets collecting analyzed using machine learning algorithms such as Naïve Bayes, Random Forests, Decision Tree, sentiment Analysis .during the disaster social media provides a surplus of information which includes information about the natural disaster, affected people's emotions, and relief efforts. And collect the tweets relating to disasters and build the sentimental classifier to categorize the user’s emotions during disaster based on various distress levels. Various analysis techniques are applied in collecting tweets. Keywords: Twitter Analysis, Sentiment Analysis, Random Forests, Naive Bayes, Decision Tree.
Human Follower Robot
Authors: Vetal Priyanka P. , Dhopeshwarkar Dr. Mukta , Jaiswal Pratik S
Published: May 2022

Abstract: In this digital and automotive day and age, robotics, and IoT produce an impact on human life. One can't just rely on the traditional mode of work in this era. One has to adapt the robotics and keep digging in it, as it's the near future for humans. So to do this there are many aspects to implement automotive in day-to-day life. One such event is to study a robot that follows humans that means which can detect human movement and react as per this movement. The study shows that there are many researchers, scientists, engineers who have worked and still working to improve this human movement detection in robotics. This paper has studied some of the previous work and gave a comparative analysis of the same. Keywords: Human Detection Robot, Sensor, Machine, Automotive
Smart old town — managing citizens’ participation in the field of cultural heritage
Authors: Repeva Anastasia M.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. In the context of the ongoing digitalization of society and aspects such as integration, urban trends, sustainable development and quality of life, the importance of driving forces for the transformation of cities into “smart” is increasing. This study reveals the possibilities inherent in the dynamics of interaction between the spirit of cultural heritage and the peculiarities of participatory management. It contributes by responding to calls for further research to deepen the understanding of stakeholder engagement in the transformation of the city based on cultural heritage. This study has its limitations, since it is based on one qualitative single case. In general, the study aims to achieve socially sustainable results to create conditions conducive to inclusion and community formation by understanding what people want and expect from the place where they live and work. Materials and methods. The research approach was applied in a qualitative study that included in-depth interviews with 20 respondents representing local entrepreneurs, non-profit organizations, municipalities, politicians, tourism organizations and residents of the old town area in one of the Russian cities. In addition, joint observations and examination of documents were carried out. The conclusions were constantly confirmed by the respondents. Results. The results of the study allow us to consider the problems of management based on broad participation in the formation of a “smart” old city in the context of cultural heritage. Conclusions. This study presents the views of stakeholders on the problems arising in the development of a “smart” old city, and suggests possible innovative solutions for participatory management. The transformation of a city with cultural heritage into a smart city requires efforts that go beyond the introduction of smart information and communication technologies and address issues of social sustainability.
Pemikiran Gender Asghar Ali Engineer tentang Konsep Keluarga Berencana
Authors: Murtaza MZ Ahmad , Parninsih Iin , Awaluddin Raisa Zuhra Salsabila
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to find an interpretation of gender justice in Asghar Ali Engineer's family planning concept. This research is text analysis, the data is obtained through a qualitative study process. The primary data in this paper is Asghar Ali Engineer's writing entitled Pembebasan Perempuan. This study results that family planning is understood as an effort to form a sakinah, mawaddah, and rahmah family, Asghar puts forward aspects of the relationship between husband and wife that have been forgotten. In addition, the moral aspect becomes an important emphasis in family planning. This article uses an epistemological study of interpretation to explore forms of gender-just interpretation of Asghar which focuses on three things, namely, sources, methods, and validity of interpretation with three theories of truth, coherence, correspondence, and pragmatism. The sources used by Asghar are the Qur'an, hadith, and ijma' ulama. While the method used is to prioritize normative verses that contain universal understanding. While the validity of Asghar's interpretation in the study of family planning applies the three theories of truth in his family planning discourse. Abstrak:  Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menemukan tafsir berkeadilan gender dalam konsep keluarga berencana Asghar Ali Engineer. Penelitian ini bersifat analisis teks yang diperoleh melalui proses studi kualitatif. Data primer dalam tulisan ini adalah tulisan Asghar Ali Engineer berjudul Pembebasan Perempuan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa keluarga berencana dipahami sebagai upaya untuk membentuk keluarga sakinah, mawaddah, dan rahmah, Asghar mengedepankan aspek kesalingan antara suami dan istri yang selama ini terlupakan. Selain itu, aspek moral menjadi penekanan penting dalam keluarga berencana. Dalam artikel ini menggunakan kajian epistemologi tafsir untuk menggali bentuk penafsiran berkeadilan gender dari Asghar yang memfokuskan pada tiga hal yakni, sumber, metode, dan validitas penafsiran dengan tiga teori kebenaran, koherensi, korespondensi, dan pragmatis. Sumber yang digunakan Asghar adalah al-Qur’an, hadis, dan ijma’ ulama. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan adalah mengutamakan ayat normatif yang berisikan pemahaman universal. Sedangkan validitas penafsirannya Asghar dalam kajian keluarga berencana menerapkan ketiga teori kebenaran dalam diskursus keluarga berencana yang digagasnya. Di samping itu pula peranan pemerintah dan juga pemuka agama sangat diperlukan agar keluarga berencana dapat terealisasikan yang sesuai dengan tujuan-tujuannya.
The impact of macroeconomic indicators on carbon emission in Indonesia
Authors: Sari Vita Kartika
Published: May 2022

The advancement of the industrial sector in economic activities can negatively impact the environment. Inefficient use of natural resources causes environmental damage in almost all countries. Environmental damage caused by economic activities becomes a crucial issue. Hence, the main purpose of this research is to estimate the impacts of macroeconomic indicators on increasing CO2 emissions in Indonesia with time-series data from 1970 to 2016. The macroeconomic indicators used in this research were broad money, foreign direct investment, value-added manufacturing, and international trade. The analysis method was ARDL-ECM (Autoregressive Distributed Lag-Error Correction Model) for long-term and short-term analysis. The main findings in the long term value-added manufacturing and international trade have positive effects on the formation of CO2 emissions. In contrast, foreign direct investments have significant but negative effects at the 10% significance level of CO2 emissions. In the short term, only value-added manufacturing and international trade variables have significantly influenced the formation of CO2 emissions in Indonesia. In contrast, foreign direct investments have been proven to be insignificant. Broad money in both the long and short term is insignificant to CO2 emissions. Based on these findings and changing climatic conditions, it is necessary to have economic development policies that reduce emissions to preserve the environment and human civilization in the long term.
Low left atrial voltage predicts improvement in left ventricular systolic function post atrial fibrillation ablation in patients with systolic heart failure.
Authors: Bawa Danish , Ahmad Javaria , Sheth Aakash Rajendra , R Sahith Thotamgari , Pennagaluri Ashritha , Duddyala Narendra , Amorn Allen , Dominic Paari
Published: May 2022

Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation (AF) in patients with heart
failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is associated with
decreased all-cause mortality, and improvement in left ventricular
ejection fraction (EF). Predictors of EF improvement post-AF ablation is
not known. In this study we conducted a retrospective review of patients
who underwent catheter ablation for AF within last 6 years. 82 Patients
undergoing catheter ablation for paroxysmal or persistent AF with EF
<45% were included in the study, 18 patients were lost to
follow up and therefore were excluded. The patients were divided into 2
groups based on presence or absence of 5% improvement in LVEF post CA,
compared to LVEF obtained prior to CA. Mean improvement in EF after
ablation was 17±11.8%. As compared to baseline, EF improved by at least
5% in 80% (n=51) of the patients who underwent ablation. Patients with
improved EF had significantly higher average total voltage in the LA
compared to patients who had no improvement in EF (1.70±1.16 vs
1.00±0.82, p=0.02*). In the multivariable model, after adjusting for
other risk factors, LA average total voltage was significantly higher in
the group with improved EF (p=0.04*).
Genome assembly of an Australian native grass species reveals a recent whole genome duplication and biased gene retention of genes involved in stress response
Authors: Silva Nissanka De , Lee Christopher , Battlay Paul , Fournier-Level Alexandre , Moore Joslin , Hodgins Kathryn
Published: May 2022

The adaptive significance of polyploidy has been extensively debated and
chromosome level genome assemblies of non-model polyploids can provide
insight into this topic. The Australian grass, Bothriochloa decipiens,
belongs to the BCD clade, a group with a complex history of
hybridization and polyploidy. We sequenced, assembled and annotated a
chromosomal level genome reference of Bothriochloa decipiens using
linked read sequencing and proximity ligation scaffolding. Comparative
analysis revealed that the species is a diploidized allotetraploid. We
grouped the 20 major scaffolds, representing the 20 chromosomes, into
the two subgenomes of the parental species using unique repeat
signatures. We found evidence of biased fractionation as well as
differences in the activity of TEs between the subgenomes prior to
hybridization. Genes retained as duplicates were enriched for biological
functions such as transcription and response to external stimuli such as
drought, supporting theories of biased duplicate gene retention
following WGD events. This is a widespread species with the ability to
establish well on many soil types easily, making it useful for
ecological restoration of Australian grasslands. This reference genome
is a valuable resource for future population genomic research involving
Australian grasses which may be helpful in decision making during the
ecological restoration processes.
SEGUL: An ultrafast, memory-efficient alignment manipulation and summary tool for phylogenomics
Authors: Handika Heru , Esselstyn Jacob
Published: May 2022

With increasing use of genomic sequencing technology, phylogenetic
studies routinely require manipulating and summarizing thousands of
alignments. Currently available software for these tasks uses
considerable computing resources and are designed for users with
substantial knowledge of command line applications. We develop SEGUL, a
compiled, single-executable tool for fast alignment manipulation and
summary tasks. SEGUL runs native on Windows, Linux, and macOS, includes
native support for Apple ARM Macs, and offers fast execution times and
low memory footprints regardless of dataset size, operating system, and
CPU architecture (i.e., ARM or x86_64 CPUs). SEGUL includes a
user-friendly command line interface, safety features, and extensive
documentation to aid beginners, while also providing advanced features.
Keywords: segul, alignment manipulation, concatenation, phylogenomics,
phylogenetics, bioinformatics
ALGUMAS PERCEPÇÕES DE ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO SOBRE CIÊNCIAS, PSEUDOCIÊNCIA E MOVIMENTOS ANTICIENTÍFICOS
Authors: Miguel Mário Lucas , Dos Santos Leandro José , Souza Leonardo Antônio Mendes de
Published: May 2022

No presente trabalho, temos como objetivo analisar de forma qualitativa e interpretativa as concepções de alguns estudantes de ensino médio a respeito dos processos de produção e validação do conhecimento científico. Para isso, fizemos uma revisão a respeito dos conceitos de conhecimento, metodologias científicas, pseudociência, negacionismo e anticientificismo. Esses conceitos foram apresentados e discutidos dentro do contexto da atual revolução nas formas de comunicação e suas implicações. Para ilustrar esses conceitos, trouxemos temas que ganharam grande repercussão no ambiente virtual, como o crescimento de movimentos como Terraplanismo e Antivacinas, e também negacionismo com relação a mudanças climáticas. Elaboramos então um questionário que foi aplicado na forma de entrevistas semiestruturadas, para investigar como estudantes do ensino médio reagiriam a estes temas. Com nossa análise percebemos que os estudantes que entrevistamos têm uma visão dogmática de ciência e frequentemente confundem os termos “científico” e “verdadeiro”. Também confundem fatos científicos com opinião, especialmente quando se trata de ciências humanas. Estas observações podem estar associadas a uma defasagem na compreensão de aspectos relativos à produção do conhecimento científico, bem como as questões históricas e socioculturais que o permeiam. Tal abordagem é prevista nos documentos norteadores da educação Brasileira, mas conforme veremos, existe um abismo entre esses documentos e as escolas da rede pública.
Decisiones científico-tecnológicas y equilibrios en la ciencia y la tecnología. Una propuesta basada en el desarrollo del pensamiento
Authors: Ortega-Quevedo Vanessa , Gil Puente Cristina , Vallés Rapp Cristina
Published: May 2022

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es diseñar y evaluar una Secuencia de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje que permita a los estudiantes desarrollar el análisis argumental y el razonamiento verbal (capacidades de pensamiento crítico) y mejorar sus concepciones sobre Naturaleza de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (decisiones sobre aspectos científico-tecnológicos y existencia de equilibrios entre efectos positivos y negativos de la ciencia y la tecnología). El diseño metodológico es mixto y se aplican técnicas de investigación como la encuesta, la entrevista, la observación participante y el análisis documental. Los resultados del estudio muestran una evolución en aspectos concretos relacionados con las concepciones sobre la Influencia de la Ciencia y la Tecnología en la Sociedad (Naturaleza de la Ciencia y la Tecnología) de los estudiantes, así como de las capacidades de pensamiento crítico estudiadas (análisis argumental y razonamiento verbal), por lo que se concluye que el diseño didáctico implementado ha ayudado a los participantes a mejorar estos conocimientos y capacidades.
REVISÃO DE LITERATURA SOBRE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM NO CONTEXTO DOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Magalhães Arthur Philipe Cândido de , Villagrá Jesus Angel Meneses , Greca Ileana María
Published: May 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão de estudos empíricos que envolvem processos de ensino e aprendizagem cujo objetivo é contribuir com a área de Educação em Ciências interessada em compreender o ensino de ciências nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Para tanto, coletaram-se dados em publicações de periódicos brasileiros e espanhóis, bem como no Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Educação em Ciências – ENPEC. A análise foi feita sob a perspectiva teórica de Bardin (2011) e os resultados foram discutidos a partir das seguintes categorias: (1) utilização de metodologia que fazem uso de um processo investigativo associado à experimentação; (2) efeitos dessas metodologias na aprendizagem conceitual, procedimental (habilidades) e atitudinal dos estudantes; e (3) dificuldades apresentadas pelos estudantes nas atividades desenvolvidas. Foram constatadas algumas implicações, como a elaboração de um planejamento integrado que favoreça um ambiente propício ao desenvolvimento de conceitos, habilidades e atitudes científicas que possibilitem aos estudantes a construção de noções necessárias para um posicionamento crítico e socialmente responsável, fundamentado em argumentos e evidências científicas.
A Critical Analysis Of Parents Socio Economic Status As It Affects The Academic Performance Of Ogun State College Of Health Technology Students In a Covid-19 Era
Authors:   1Department of Health Information Management 2Department of Computer Science Ogun State College of Health Technology Ilese-Ijebu, P.M.B 2081 Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria 3Department of Health Information Management College of Health Technology, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. E-mails: Onadipef@yahoo.com, Onadipe O.T ,   Sholadipo2003@yahoo.com,   Paulinambua8@gmail.com, Sulaiman A.A. , Tuku, P.M
Published: May 2022

This study investigated parents’ socio economic status as it affects the performance of Ogun State College of Health Technology Students in covid-19 era. The study adopted descriptive Research design and a sample size of 150 students was drawn from ND to HND from Health Information Management Department of Ogun State College of Health Technology, Ilese. A well-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Objectives of the study were to determine the effect of parental financial status on students’ academic performance during covid-19 era as well as to examine the effect of parents’ educational background on students’ academic performance during covid-19 era. Two hypotheses were formulated. In the first hypothesis, null hypothesis was rejected in favour of the alternate hypothesis, meaning that the Parental financial status is a determinant on students’ academic performance during covid-19 era. In the second hypothesis the null hypothesis was rejected in favour of the alternate hypothesis, meaning that parents’ educational background is a determinant of students’ academic performance during covid-19 era. Hence, it was concluded that parents with good educational and financial status motivate their children in matters related to schooling and support them with necessary on –line gadgets needed during covid-19 era. It was recommended that non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and government should encourage indigent students by awarding scholarships. Keywords: Academic performance, Financial status, Covid-19, Parent Socio-economic status.
Sharp inequalities for the complete elliptic integrals of the first and second kinds
Authors: Jiang Wei-Dong
Published: May 2022

By studying the monotonicity properties of K(r), E(r) and some combinations of elementary functions and special functions, some new inequalities for the complete elliptic integrals of the first and second kinds are established. where K(r) =??/2 0 (1 ? r2 sin2?)?1/2d?, E(r)=??/2 0 (1 ? r2 sin2?)1/2d? denote the complete elliptic integrals of the first and second kind, r ? (0,1).
The extended Eulerian numbers over function fields
Authors: Bayad Abdelmejid , Hajli Mounir
Published: May 2022

In this article, we introduce the extended Eulerian numbers for a large class
of zeta functions, which includes the zeta functions associated to function
fields, and to schemes over finite fields. This construction generalizes the
extended Eulerian numbers defined by Carlitz. We give an asymptotic
expansion for the summatory function associated to these numbers. Our main
result generalizes the well known result on the asymptotic behavior of the
extended Eulerian numbers associated to the Riemann zeta function.
Diabetes Incidence Among Hispanic/Latino Adults in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Cordero Christina , Schneiderman Neil , Llabre Maria M. , Teng Yanping , Daviglus Martha L. , Cowie Catherine C. , Cai Jianwen , Talavera Gregory A. , Gallo Linda C. , Kaplan Robert C. , Cespedes Feliciano Elizabeth M. , Espinoza Giacinto Rebeca A. , Giachello Aida L. , Avilés-Santa Larissa
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE

To examine diabetes incidence in a diverse cohort of U.S. Hispanic/Latinos.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is a prospective cohort study with participants aged 18–74 years from four U.S. metropolitan areas. Participants were assessed for diabetes at the baseline examination (2008–2011), annually via telephone interview, and at a second examination (2014–2017).

RESULTS

A total of 11,619 participants returned for the second examination. The overall age-adjusted diabetes incidence rate was 22.1 cases/1,000 person-years. The incidence was high among those with Puerto Rican and Mexican backgrounds as well as those aged ≥45 years and with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Significant differences in diabetes awareness, treatment, and health insurance coverage, but not glycemic control, were observed across Hispanic/Latino background groups, age groups, and BMI categories.

CONCLUSIONS

Differences in diabetes incidence by Hispanic/Latino background, age, and BMI suggest the susceptibility of these factors.
Non-pegylated and Pegylated Interferon Alpha-2a in Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma and the Risk of Severe Ocular Side-effects
Authors: Albrecht Jana D. , Ninosu Nadia , Barry Denise , Albrecht Thomas , Schaarschmidt Marthe-Lisa , Goerdt Sergij , Nicolay Jan P.
Published: May 2022

Abstract is missing (Short communication)
Effect Of Calcium Silicate, Sodium Phosphate, and Fluoride on Dentinal Tubule Occlusion and Permeability in Comparison to Desensitizing Toothpaste: An In Vitro Study.
Authors: Rahman B , El-Damanhoury HM , Sheela S , Ngo HC
Published: May 2022

This study compared the ability of a calcium silicate-, sodium phosphate-, and fluoride-based (CSSPF) toothpaste (TP) in promoting dentinal tubule occlusion and reducing dentin permeability with that of other commercially available antisensitivity TPs. Seventy-eight dentin discs (1.0±0.1 mm thick) were prepared from the midcoronal area and were treated with 37% phosphoric acid for 2 minutes; then they were randomly divided into six groups according to treatments: No treatment [positive control (PC)], entirely covered with nail varnish [negative control (NC)], hydroxyapatite (HAP)-containing TP [Desensin Repair (DES)], NovaMin-based [Sensodyne Repair & Protect (SEN)], CSSPF-based TP [Regenerate Advanced (REG)], sodium monofluorophosphate, potassium citrate, zinc citrate TP [Signal Sensitive Expert (SIG)]. Dentin permeability was tested by the dye percolation method (DP%). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micromorphological and energy dispersive X-ray elemental analysis (EDX) of the dentin surfaces were done following each treatment. Results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey post hoc test at a 95% confidence level (α=0.05). All the tested groups showed higher DP% than NC and lower percolation than the PC (p<0.05). REG and SIG were statistically comparable, and showed significantly lower DP% (p<0.05) than SEN and DES. None of the TPs tested was able to obliterate the lumen of the dentinal tubules (DT) completely. REG exhibited the highest weight percentage of calcium deposition, followed by SEN. Compared to the tested desensitizing TPs, CSSPF-based TPs demonstrated equal or less dentin permeability and better DT occlusion.
Restoration of Severely Damaged Endodontically Treated Premolars: Influence of the Ferrule Effect on Marginal Integrity and Fracture Load of Resin Nano-ceramic CAD-CAM Endocrowns
Authors: Rocca GT , Canneto JJ , Scotti N , Daher R , Feilzer A , Saratti CM , Krejci I
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To explore the ferrule effect on Resin Nano-Ceramic (RNC) premolar endocrown marginal integrity and fracture resistance.

Methods

Thirty-six root–canal-treated premolars were cut 2 mm above the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). They were restored with standardized RNC computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) restorations (Lava Ultimate, 3M Oral Care, St. Paul, MN, USA) and divided into three groups (n=12): endocrowns with a 3-mm endo-core (Group 1), endocrowns with a 3-mm endo-core and a 2-mm ferrule (Group 2), and conventional post-and-core crowns with a 2-mm ferrule (Group 3). All specimens were submitted to thermo-mechanical cycling loading (TMCL) (1.7 Hz, 49 N, 600 000 cycles, 1500 thermocycles). Margins were analyzed before and after the TMCL. In the second part of the experiment, the surviving specimens were submitted to unidirectional monotonic loading until fracture. Fragments were then analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the fracture mode was established.

Results

Endocrowns of Groups 1 and 2 performed better than conventional crowns (Group 3) in terms of marginal continuity. Differences in fracture load values within all groups were not statistically significant. Most of the specimens fractured in a non-repairable way.

Conclusions

The present test failed to provide evidence of any kind of difference between endocrowns with and without a ferrule in terms of load-bearing capacity and marginal integrity after fatigue. Further studies are needed to confirm the role of the ferrule in adhesive restorations of endodontically treated teeth.
Nanofiller Particles and Bonding Durability, Water Sorption, and Solubility of Universal Adhesives
Authors: Araújo-Neto VG , Moreira MM , Ñaupari-Villasante R , De Paula DM , Medeiros STCB , Loguercio AD , Feitosa VP
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of nanofiller particles in simplified universal adhesive on the long-term microtensile bond strength and silver nitrate up-take, as well as water sorption and solubility. Commercial adhesives Ambar Universal (FGM) in nanofilled-containing version (filled) and same lot without fillers (unfilled) were donated and applied by means of etch-and-rinse strategy. Microtensile bond strength was surveyed after 24-hours or 1-year water storage. Silver nitrate uptake was assayed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Water sorption and solubility experiments were performed based on ISO 4049:2009. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). The bond strength of both the adhesives were statistically similar at 24 hours (p>0.05), but the filled group attained significant bond strength reduction after aging when compared to initial bond strength (p<0.001). Conversely, unfilled adhesive presented stable adhesion after 1-year storage (p=0.262). Silver nitrate uptake was similar for both adhesives, with little silver impregnation at the hybrid and adhesive layers. Water sorption was higher with filled adhesive compared to the unfilled one (p=0.01). Conversely, solubility was higher in unfilled in comparison to filled one (p=0.008). The presence of nanofillers in universal adhesive achieves higher water sorption and dentin bond degradation, which did not occur in the unfilled adhesive.
Biodentine or Mineral Trioxide Aggregate as Direct Pulp Capping Material in Mature Permanent Teeth with Carious Exposure? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alsubait Sara , Aljarbou Fahd
Published: May 2022

Objective

To evaluate the success rate of direct pulp capping (DPC) with Biodentine in mature permanent teeth with carious vital pulp exposure compared to that of DPC with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources

The two authors searched independently the literature published through July 31, 2020, in five electronic databases (PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science Core Collection, the Wiley Online Library, and the SCOPUS database).

Study Selection

The research protocol was previously registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42020192511). Clinical studies that met the inclusion criteria were chosen and independently screened by the authors.

Data Extraction

A custom-designed spreadsheet was used to extract the data. The quality of each study was evaluated by means of the revised Cochrane risk of bias (ROB) tool or the ROB of nonrandomized studies of interventions tool.

Data Synthesis

Three randomized controlled trials and one retrospective study met the inclusion criteria. Only one study had a high risk of bias. The included studies reported data on a total of 95 participants with an age range of 8–51 years. No significant difference was observed in the overall treatment outcome when comparing Biodentine with MTA (Risk ratio=1.00, 95% confidence interval [0.93–1.07], p=1.00).

Conclusions

Biodentine had comparable clinical and radiographic success to that of MTA when used as a DPC agent in mature permanent teeth with carious vital pulp exposure. Additional high-quality studies are needed.
Evaluación de las competencias transversales en egresados formados para las industrias culturales y creativas en Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Lozano-Bolivar Jose G.
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este artículo fue evaluar las competencias transversales de egresados en formación técnica laboral para las industrias culturales y creativas del Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje SENA, Bogotá, Colombia. Se adaptó un constructo de tres dimensiones de competencias: instrumentales, sistémicas e interpersonales, estructurado en términos de habilidades y conocimientos, en un cuestionario de 45 ítems diligenciado de manera virtual por los egresados. Se hizo análisis estadístico descriptivo de frecuencia, correlaciones de Pearson y gráficas de distribución box-plot. Se encontró que los egresados en programas de formación profesional integral para industrias culturales y creativas tienen las habilidades y las capacidades adecuadas para el desempeño en el trabajo. Esta investigación permitió profundizar en la evaluación de competencias transversales en egresados, valida la pertinencia, coherencia y calidad en programas de formación, y presenta diferentes herramientas, instrumentos o metodologías de análisis y evaluación aplicables a los procesos de formación, gestión del factor humano por competencias, la mejora continua y el desarrollo organizacional. Esta aportación de conocimiento permitió identificar nuevas necesidades o requerimientos de formación en competencias técnicas y transversales necesarias para mejorar la empleabilidad de los egresados y su inserción en el mercado laboral de la Economía Naranja.
External validation of the international prediction tool in Korean patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy
Authors: Joo Young Su , Kim Hyung Woo , Baek Chung Hee , Park Jung Tak , Lee Hajeong , Lim Beom Jin , Yoo Tae-Hyun , Moon Kyung Chul , Chin Ho Jun , Kang Shin-Wook , Han Seung Hyeok
Published: May 2022

Background: The International IgA Nephropathy Prediction Tool has been recently developed to estimate the progression risk of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of this prediction tool in a large IgAN cohort in Korea. Methods: The study cohort was comprised of 2,064 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN from four medical centers between March 2012 and September 2021. We calculated the predicted risk for each patient. The primary outcome was occurrence of a 50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from the time of biopsy or end-stage kidney disease. The model performance was evaluated for discrimination, calibration, and reclassification. We also constructed and tested an additional model with a new coefficient for the Korean race. Results: During a median follow-up period of 3.8 years (interquartile range, 1.8–6.6 years), 363 patients developed the primary outcome. The two prediction models exhibited good discrimination power, with a C-statistic of 0.81. The two models generally underestimated the risk of the primary outcome, with lesser underestimation for the model with race. The model with race showed better performance in reclassification compared to the model without race (net reclassification index, 0.13). The updated model with the Korean coefficient showed good agreement between predicted risk and observed outcome. Conclusion: In Korean IgAN patients, International IgA Nephropathy Prediction Tool had good discrimination power but underestimated the risk of progression. The updated model with the Korean coefficient showed acceptable calibration and warrants external validation.