bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the beliefs of caregivers about the caregiving experiences of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Malaysia
Authors: Chong Agnes Shu Sze , Mahadir Ahmad , Hamidah Alias , Rizuana Iqbal Hussain , Afifi Lateh , Chan Caryn Mei Hsien
Published: June 2022

Background: Cancer is one of the major leading causes of childhood death, and the most common type is acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The survival rate has increased in recent years; however, the long patient trajectory may trigger psychological distress among caregivers as they play an active role in ensuring that the child’s basic needs are met. Being in a patient-focused system, the needs of caregivers may be neglected. Objective: This study aimed to explore the caregivers' beliefs on children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia caregiving experiences in order to promote their well-being. Methods: Caregivers from thirteen families of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia participated in this phenomenological study. NVivo 12 was used for the thematic analysis of the data. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) were used in this study. Results: Overall, five main themes for caregivers’ beliefs were identified from their responses: 1) dietary intake with emphasis on its importance in aiding recovery and its potential influence on cancer complications, 2) childcare which emphasized the need to be strong and self-sacrifice, 3) treatment which reflected the use of home or natural remedies and caregivers’ negative perception towards chemotherapy, 4) causes of cancer believed to be linked to early childcare choices on food, beverage, and stress imposed on the child, and  5) source of beliefs that included doctors, online platforms, personal encounters and information on food labels. Conclusion: Caregivers’ beliefs are varied and nuanced, formed in a multicultural social background of Malaysia. These findings provide knowledge for future supportive cancer care for patients, their caregivers, and the treatment outcome in the Malaysian context. Nurses, who play an essential role between healthcare professionals and patients and/or their caregivers, can be empowered to provide psychological support, early detection of psychological distress, and exploration of caregiver beliefs, given that the number of clinical psychologists in Malaysia is lacking, and there is greater preference for care to be provided by doctors or nurses.
Lived experiences of older adults while working in the academe amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: The Philippine context
Authors: Tipon Lovelyn G. , Alforque Jose Mari Louis , Cutamora Jezyl C.
Published: June 2022

Background: Despite the rising number of COVID-19 cases in the Philippines and the world, our aging population, especially older adults working in the academe, has not ceased with their desire to provide quality education among our student nurses continuously. Aside from the fact that most of these nursing mentors in the field of education have been closer to the age of retirement, they still opt to continue their passion for teaching. Hence, knowing their lived experiences can be a great anchor on how to support them effectively.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the older adults’ lived experiences while working in the academe amidst the pandemic.
Methods: A qualitative descriptive phenomenological approach was employed. Purposive sampling was used to select twelve informants based on the set inclusion criteria, such as older adults aged at least 60 years old and above residing within Cebu City, Philippines, who were currently employed as nursing mentors in any private or public academic nursing institution. Colaizzi's method of data analysis was used.
Results: Four themes emerged: (1) Diversifying Teaching and Learning Strategies, (2) Labyrinthing Through the Challenges, with three subthemes (Coursing through struggles and adversities, Thriving with the teaching and learning during the pandemic, and Coping with the changes), (3) Strengthening Health, Adhering to Protocols, and (4) Moving Forward with the New Normal, with two subthemes (Adapting to be technologically resilient and Having a positive outlook).
Conclusion: The older adults learned to teach, adapt, adjust, and move forward in the academe amidst the pandemic. They keep up with the changes and the challenges despite being an older adult having limited experience and knowledge of the use of technology. They continue to strive, live and be more productive amidst the pandemic.
SILICON INTERPOSER – A COST EFFECTIVE SOLUTION FOR PROTOTYPE PACKAGING OF MEMS ACCELEROMETER SENSORS AND ASSOCIATED ROIC
Authors:   ASTRAA-TECH, Murthy K.S.R.C
Published: June 2022

Assembly and packaging of accelerometer sensors and associated ROIC into a single compact package in an open tool Ceramic Pin Grid Array (CPGA) package with the help of a silicon interposer was explored as a cost effective solution. A Silicon Interposer was designed, fabricated and assembled in an open-tool 120 pin CPGA package
CLASSIFICATION OF MELANOMA AND NEVUS IN SKIN CANCER LESIONS
Authors:   Knowledge Institute Of Technology, V Saravanan , S Kumarganesh ,   Knowledge Institute Of Technology, D Abinaya , R Dhaarshini , Mohammed S Mahadhir , Kumar Jha Sushil ,   Knowledge Institute Of Technology
Published: June 2022

Melanoma that produces melanin pigment that gives your skin its colour. Melanoma can be successfully treated if it is detected early. Melanomas can develop anywhere in your body. They most often develop in areas that have had exposure to the sun. Melanomas can also occur in areas that don’t receive much sun exposure, such as the soles of your feet, palms of your hands and fingernail beds. These hidden melanomas are more common in people with darker skin. Thus, we presented an intelligent system for classification of skin cancer into melanoma and nevus. It is observed that major problem that causes the misclassification is lesion detection and segmentation. The K-mean clustering technique using centroid selection is used to extract the ROI from the cancer image more accurately and efficiently. Textural and colour features extraction techniques are best suited features for classification. For textural features, GLCM and LBP features are combined with colour features to achieve a high classification accuracy of 90%. In this way, our proposed technique has been able to classify skin cancer images into melanoma and nevus more accurately and efficiently. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed approach are validated on DERMIS image dataset
HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT
Authors:   JSPM’s BSIOTR, Sadanande Shubham , Gajul Shreya ,   JSPM’s BSIOTR, Gaikwad Nikita , Latpate Ashwini , Wath Ashwini , Rewaskar Prof. Vaibhav ,   JSPM’s BSIOTR
Published: June 2022

Heаlth mоnitоring systems hаve rарidly evоlved reсently, аnd smаrt systems hаve been рrороsed tо mоnitоr раtient сurrent heаlth соnditiоns, in оur рrороsed аnd imрlemented system, we fосus оn mоnitоring the раtient’s heаrt rаte, аnd his bоdy temрerаture. Bаsed оn lаst deсаde stаtistiсs оf mediсаl reсоrds, deаth rаtes due tо hyрertensive heаrt diseаse, shоws thаt the blооd рressure is а сruсiаl risk fасtоr fоr аtherоsсlerоsis аnd isсhemiс heаrt diseаses; thus, рreventive meаsures shоuld be tаken аgаinst high heаrt rаte whiсh рrоvide the аbility tо trасk, trасe аnd sаve раtient’s life аt аррrорriаte time is аn essentiаl need fоr mаnkind. Nоwаdаys, Glоbаlizаtiоn demаnds Smаrt сities, whiсh invоlves mаny аttributes аnd serviсes, suсh аs gоvernment serviсes, Intelligent Trаnsроrtаtiоn Systems (ITS), energy, heаlth саre, wаter аnd wаste. This рарer рrороses system аrсhiteсture fоr smаrt heаlthсаre bаsed оn GSM аnd GРS teсhnоlоgies. The оbjeсtive оf this wоrk is рrоviding аn effeсtive аррliсаtiоn fоr Reаl Time Heаlth Mоnitоring аnd Trасking. The system will trасk, trасe, mоnitоr раtients аnd fасilitаte tаking саre оf their heаlth; sо effiсient mediсаl serviсes соuld be рrоvided аt аррrорriаte time. By using sрeсifiс sensоrs, the dаtа will be сарtured аnd соmраred with а соnfigurаble threshоld viа miсrосоntrоller whiсh is defined by а sрeсiаlized dосtоr whо fоllоws the раtient; in аny саse оf emergenсy а shоrt messаge serviсe (SMS) will be sent tо the Dосtоr’s mоbile number аlоng with the meаsured vаlues thrоugh the GSM mоdule. Furthermоre, the GРS рrоvides the роsitiоn infоrmаtiоn оf the mоnitоred рersоn whо is under surveillаnсe аll the time. Mоreоver, the рарer demоnstrаtes the feаsibility оf reаlizing а соmрlete end tо- end smаrt heаlth system resроnding tо the reаl heаlth system design requirements by tаking in соnsiderаtiоn wider vitаl humаn heаlth раrаmeters suсh аs resрirаtiоn rаte, nerves signs ... etс. The system will be аble tо bridge the gар between раtients - in drаmаtiс heаlth сhаnge оссаsiоns- аnd heаlth entities whо resроnse аnd tаke асtiоns in reаl time fаshiо
Diode Clamped Multilevel Inverter Berbasis Fuzzy Logic Sebagai Peredam Harmonik Pada Sistem Kelistrikan Kapal Akibat Propulsi Elektrik
Authors: Huda Thoriqul , Winarno Istiyo
Published: June 2022

Transportasi merupakan salah satu hal yang penting dalam kehidupan saat ini. Kapal merupakan salah satu transportasi yang digunakan. Umumnya kapal masih menggunakan propulsi bertenaga diesel yang mana saat kecepatan meningkat akan membutuhkan konsumsi bahan bakar yang lebih banyak. Dengan menggunakan propulsi elektrik dapat mengurangi konsumsi bahan bakar, pengaturan kecepatan yang mudah melalui konverter frekuensi. Timbulnya harmonik distorsi pada sistem kelistrikan kapal mengakibatkan berkurangnya kualitas daya listrik pada kapal dan gangguan yang tidak diinginkan. Dalam penelitian ini untuk meredam besar harmonik menggunakan diode clamped multilevel inverter (DCMLI) tiga tingkat dengan fuzzy logic sebagi kontrol keseimbangan tegangan pada kapasitor DCMLI. Menunjukan kondisi THDi yang lebih baik setelah menggunakan kontrol fuzzy logic untuk keseimbangan tegangan kapasitor DCMLI. Analisa besar total harmonic distortion (THD) dilakukan dengan penggunaan propulsi elektrik Main propulsion dan Bow Thruster, dengan rata-rata besar THD pada Main propulsion 0.44% THDv dan 208.53% THDi sebelum dengan kontrol fuzzy logic, dan sesudah dengan kontrol fuzzy logic 7.86% THDv dan 92.55% THDi. Pada Bow Thruster rata-rata THD sebesar 0.90% THDv dan 208.68% THDi saat sebelum dengan kontrol fuzzy logic, dan sesudah dengan kontrol fuzzy logic 6.62% THDv dan 62.51% THDi.
Improvement Of Power Quality Using Shunt Active Power Filter In An Electrical Distribution System Using Eerl-Smc
Authors: Naguboina Vinay Kumar , Gudey Satish Kumar
Published: June 2022

In this paper a three phase Shunt Active Power Filter (ShAPF) is proposed to address the current related issues in a three phase Electrical Distribution System (EDS). A sliding mode controller (SMC) and an Enhanced Exponential Reaching Law based SMC (EERL-SMC) is proposed for a ShAPF to compensate the load current. The controller’s performance is tested by injecting the current harmonics into the system. A non-linear load along with different loads on the distribution side is connected in parallel in a distribution network at Point of common coupling (PCC). Modelling of the system is done using state space analysis. Stability of the system is analyzed using the state feedback approach. The reference source currents are generated using instantaneous PQ theory. For variations in the load, the THD in the source current is realized. It is found that EERL-SMC is more effective for a ShAPF in reducing the high frequency oscillations and settling time for convergence. The source voltage and current waveforms are observed to be sinusoidal in nature. Both the controllers are effective in reducing the THD levels in the source current as per the IEEE standards. A comparison between the controllers is presented in terms of settling time, THD in source current. PSCAD v4.6 is used for simulation works.
Design of Multi Way Charging Hover Board
Authors: Tanna Rajesh , Bhratham Arundhathi , Allam Vamseekrishna
Published: June 2022

The main aim of this paper is to develop a hover board, which can be charged through battery as well as solar panels. It is a two way charging hover board. This kind of vehicle is interesting since it contains a lot of technology considered as a solution for future needs of the world relevant to an environment friendly and energy efficient transportation industry. The hover board consists of a metal frame on which the hardware is assembled in such a way that it works on the principle of balancing robot. The user have to stand on the segway and by applying the pressure, the infrared signals gets blocked by the pedal sensor and then the signal is given to the mother board to control the speed. The natural movements of the rider (lean forwards or backwards in combination) should be the rider input required to ride the vehicle (self-balancing personal transporter) consisting of two motorized wheels connected to a pair of articulated pads on which the rider places their feet and applies pressure for the movement of vehicle. The rider has to control the speed by leaning forward or backward and for turns by twisting the pads. The solar panels are connected to voltage booster circuit so as to charge the battery naturally and minimizing the use of fuel for short distance travelling.
Rancang Bangun Prototype Smart Traffic Light Menggunakan Metode Background Subtraction dan Find Contour
Authors: Hartoyo Hartoyo , Subur Joko
Published: June 2022

Kemacetan di Indonesia sering terjadi dikota-kota besar. Hal tersebut terjadi dikarenakan banyaknya volume kendaraan yang terus bertambah dan bertambahnya volume kendaaran tersebut tidak sebanding dengan kondisi ruas jalan yang tentunya cepat atau lambat akan terjadi penumpukan sejumlah kendaraan sehingga terjadi kemacetan. Sistem pengaturan lampu lalu lintas (traffict light) dengan menggunakan pengaturan berbasis waktu tetap seperti sekarang ini maka banyak atau sedikit-nya jumlah kendaraan yang berada pada jalur-jalur persimpangan tidak mempengaruhi kinerja lampu lalulintas. Disamping itu kemacetan juga dapat mempengaruhi berbagai macam kegiatan masyarakat karena disamping berdampak pada kelancaran kegiatan masyarakat dan tak kalah pentingnya pada dampak pendapatan masyarakat. Maka pada penelitian ini akan dibuat sebuah perancangan Prototype Smart traffic light untuk mendeteksi tingkat kepadatan kendaraan yang berada pada persimpangan ruas jalan, sehingga dapat memperkirakan ruas jalan mana yang membutuhkan waktu hijau lebih banyak (kondisi ruas jalan padat) dan memperkirakan ruas jalan yang tidak membutuhkan waktu lampu hijau lebih ( kondisi jalan kosong / Sedikit kendaraan ). Dalam pendeteksian tingkat kepadatan kendaraan di traffic light, didapatkan sebuah hasil persentase kepadatan anatar lain 100%, 90%, 70%, 50%, dan 30%. Pada persentase 100% sistem mendeteksi kepadatan jalur sehingga dilakukan penambahan waktu, Persentase 90% sistem mendeteksi kepadatan jalur sehingga dilakukan penambahan waktu. Persentase 70% sistem mendeteksi kepadatan jalur sehingga dilakukan penambahan waktu. Persentase 50% sistem tidak mendeteksi kepadatan jalur sehingga tidak dilakukan penambahan waktu. Persentase 30% sistem tidak mendeteksi kepadatan jalur sehingga tidak dilakukan penambahan waktu.
Rancang Bangun Mesin Drop Box Telur dengan Sistem Conveyor Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Herlina Amalia , Rahman Kholilur , Syamsiyah Fitri Nur
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang bangun Mesin Drop Box Telur dengan sistem conveyor berbasis Arduino, yangm merupakan penelitian awal dari pembuatan Mesin Anjungan Telur Mandiri gagasan Dinas Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan Kabupaten Probolinggo. Terdapat empat tahapan penelitian: Tahap Studi Pendahuluan, Tahap Desain dan Perancangan, Tahap Pembuatan dan Tahap Pengujian. Pada Studi Pendahuluan dilakukan identifikasi keinginan pengguna dengan VOC pada Quality Function Deployment (QFD), dan kegiatan mencari data spesifikasi berat telur dalam mika dengan menerapkan konsep Kombinasi pada Statistika, sehingga dapat diketahui data untuk merancang conveyor. Pada pelaksanaan secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menghasilkan desain mesin, sistem mekanik dan elektrik serta sistem kontrol menggunakan Arduino Uno dan Arduino Nano. Sistem kerja mesin ini dimulai saat box mika telur diletakkan di atas conveyor melalui pintu masuk pada mesin. Selanjutnya, sensor ultrasonik yang terletak di ujung atas conveyor akan aktif menarik mika telur masuk. Pada saat mika telur berada di ujung bawah conveyor, sensor load cell aktif dan servo akan bekerja mendorong box mika telur ke sisi kiri, LCD menampilkan data berat. Panjang conveyor yang diimplementasikan pada mesin ini 49 cm,  lebar belt conveyor 11 cm, kecepatan rata-rata 0,14 meter/detik dan waktu yang ditempuh dalam sekali putar adalah 3,5 detik. Tegangan input yang dihasilkan oleh power supply sebesar 220 volt, output 12 volt. Tegangan rata-rata dari port Arduino Uno sebesar 5 volt. Sensor ultrasonik dapat bekerja dengan tegangan yang terukur sebesar 5,0 VCC. Pada pengujian sensor load cell, rata-rata kesalahan pembacaan sebesar 1,90%. Secara keseluruhan mesin dapat berjalan dengan baik.
Perancangan Sistem Penyiraman Otomatis Pada Greenhouse Guna Meningkatkan Kualitas Bibit Tanaman Anggur (Vitis vinivera) Di Daerah Sidoarjo
Authors: Utomo Denny Trias , Baihaqi Achmad , Asysyauqi Haris , Azizissani Rizqi , Ash'shobir Abdulloh Haidar Azzam , Wijaya Herlambang Satria
Published: June 2022

Teknologi di bidang industri pertanian dan perkebunan belum banyak dikembangkan, sehingga masih banyak petani yang melakukan penyiraman tanaman anggur dengan menggunakan cara manual. Penyiraman yang masih menggunakan cara konvensional memiliki kekurangan, seperti waktu dan tenaga yang banyak dan berulangnya pekerjaan dapat menimbulkan rasa jenuh. Untuk memaksimalkan hasil yang didapat, dibutuhkan teknologi yang dapat membantu petani dalam menyirami tanaman secara efisien dan tentunya efisien. Dari permasalahan diatas, penelitian ini ingin membuat alat agar dapat memudahkan petani dalam melakukan penyiraman tanaman anggur agar tidak membutuhkan banyakdan tenaga yang memakan waktu lama. Dengan hadirnya desain penyiraman diharapkan memudahkan petani dalam melakukan penyiraman tanaman anggur dengan efisiensi tinggi. Alat ini berguna untuk mendeteksi kelembapan dan suhu yang ada di dalam Greenhouse. Saat alat ini bekerja maka sensor akan otomatis mendeteksi kelembapan dan suhu yang berada di dalam Greenhouse tersebut, jika suhu kurang dari 23°C maka penyiraman akan otomatis aktif untuk meningkatkan suhu di dalam Greenhouse, sedangkan sudah mencapai 32°C maka penyiraman akan dilakukan secara otomatis . otomatis. akan otomatis berhenti.
Analisis Nilai Tambah dan Strategi Pengembangan Industri Olahan Kulit Buah Naga di Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur
Authors: Ahmad Haris Hasanuddin Slamet  , Dini Nafisatul Mutmainah  , Rafly Rizqullah  , Fanecia Apriani
Published: June 2022

Buah Naga merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Pada tahun 2020, komoditas buah naga tercatat memiliki luas lahan mencapai 4.787 Ha dengan produktivitas 263 Kw/Ha. Produksi yang tinggi menyebabkan  penumpukan kulit buah naga sebagai limbah. Salah satu alternatif untuk menanggulangi penumpukan kulit buah naga yaitu dengan cara memanfaatkannya menjadi suatu produk yang bernilai jual lebih. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis nilai tambah dan analisis SWOT untuk mendapatkan rumusan strategi pengembangan industri olahan kulit buah naga dilanjutkan dengan grand strategy dan analisis nilai tambah Metode Hayami.  Hasil penelitian analisis nilai tambah dengan nilai di atas 70%. Sementara itu, berdasarkan analisis SWOT dari nilai matriks IFE diperoleh total nilai sebesar 2,68 dan matriks EFE diperoleh total nilai sebesar 3,00. Nilai tersebut menunjukan potensi pengembangan industri kulit buah naga berada pada posisi yang kuat. Mengacu pada analisis nilai tambah dan SWOT  menunjukkan bahwa pengolahan limbah kulit buah naga menjadi berbagai macam produk olahan memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi industri.
Modeling of a Continuous Carbonation Reactor for CaCO3 Precipitation
Authors: Tiefenthaler Johannes , Mazzotti Marco
Published: June 2022

To stop global warming well below 2°C, a rapid decarbonization of our economy, including the industrial sector is required—reaching net-zero GHG emissions in 2050. CO2mineralization processes, capturing CO2from industrial point sources and trapping it as carbonate minerals, have the potential to store climate-relevant amounts of CO2. To get there, the potential processes have to be designed and developed, with the help of a process model that can support the process scale-up and optimization. In this work, a process model describing a gas-liquid-solid continuous cristallizer for CO2absorption into an aqueous ammonium nitrate solution and CaCO3precipitation has been developed. It consists of the relevant material balances, of a speciation model, and a population balance equation. While several of the model parameters can be obtained from the literature, a few have been estimated by fitting a comprehensive set of experimental data presented earlier. In particular, the process quantities used for parameter estimation are the CO2mass transfer rate, the calcium carbonate crystallization rate, and the average particle size of the CaCO3product crystals. The accuracy of the model, particularly in reproducing mass transfer rates and average particle sizes, has been assessed. Interestingly, it has been shown that the dominating mechanism for crystal formation is primary rather than secondary nucleation. The validated model has been used to explore the effect of the different operating conditions on various key performance indicators so as to gain a deeper insight into the process performance and potential. It has been shown that the CO2absorption efficiency is mainly affected by the feed stoichiometry and the gas feed rate, whereas the CO2capture and precipitation efficiency are controlled by the liquid phase composition and the residence time; increasing the calcium concentration in the feed is obviously one way to improve the efficiency. Moreover, we could show that the particle size tends to increase with calcium concentration and to decrease with liquid feed rate and supersaturation of the solution.
Tunable Photoluminescence Properties of Cotton Fiber With Gradually Changing Crystallinity
Authors: Zhou Qing , Liu Man , Li Chuchu , Lu Shijia , Lei Bin , Jiang Jiantang , Yin Ying , Zhang Yuanchao , Shen Yifeng
Published: June 2022

The alkali mercerizing process of semicrystalline cotton fiber (CF) is widely used in the printing and dyeing industry. The crystallinity change in the mercerizing process has been studied and certain laws have been obtained, but there is still a certain distance between the theoretical research results and the practical applications. CF is almost composed of cellulose, combined with the photoluminescence (PL) phenomenon of cellulose; herein, the varying crystallinity is correlated with its PL behavior after being treated with different concentrations of NaOH. In line with the characteristics of nonconventional luminogens, CF enjoys excitation-dependent emission and persistent room temperature phosphorescence (p-RTP) behavior. The emission spectra of all samples under the same excitation wavelength indicate that the change of CF crystallinity has a significant impact on its fluorescence and p-RTP emission. As the concentration of NaOH increases, the varying trend of quantum efficiency (QY) is consistent with the changed crystallinity of CF. Interestingly, the lifetime of p-RTP is exactly the opposite of the crystallinity change law. Clustering-triggered emission (CTE), crystallization-Induced Phosphorescence (CIP) mechanism, and the swelling due to hydrated sodium ions can reasonably explain these interesting photophysical processes, which also can be supported by theoretical calculations. The above studies have basically clarified the inherent law between the crystalline change of CF and the PL emission behavior during the alkali treatment process, which can be used as a theoretical reference for real-time monitoring of CF crystallinity changes using the spectral method in the actual cotton mercerizing process.
Dual-Target Electrochemical Sensor Based on 3D MoS2-rGO and Aptamer Functionalized Probes for Simultaneous Detection of Mycotoxins
Authors: Yu Yanyang , Han Jie , Yin Jiaqi , Huang Jingcheng , Liu Jing , Geng Lingjun , Sun Xia , Zhao Wenping
Published: June 2022

A dual-target aptamer functionalized probes (DTAFP) was applied for the detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN) simultaneously, which has not been reported. Meanwhile, two functional materials for signal amplification of the DTAFP were synthesized: 1) a three-dimensional molybdenum disulfide-reduced graphene oxide (MoS2-rGO) as a favorable loading interface; 2) a double-probes gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) modified by Thionin (Thi) and 6-(Ferrocenyl) hexanethiol (FC6S) as distinguishable and non-interfering signals. Mycotoxins on the electrode surface release into solution under the function of the DTAFP, leading a reduction of the differential peak impulse in signal response. Under the optimum conditions, the aptasensor exhibited a detection range of 1.0 pg mL−1–100 ng mL−1 for AFB1 and ZEN, with no observable cross reactivity. In addition, the aptasensor performed excellent stability, reproducibility, specificity, and favorable recovery in the detection of edible oil. This work demonstrated a novel method for the construction of a simple, rapid, and sensitive aptasensor in the detection of multiple mycotoxins simultaneously.
Comparison Analysis of Different DNA Extraction Methods on Suitability for Long-Read Metagenomic Nanopore Sequencing
Authors: Zhang Lei , Chen Ting , Wang Ye , Zhang Shengwei , Lv Qingyu , Kong Decong , Jiang Hua , Zheng Yuling , Ren Yuhao , Huang Wenhua , Liu Peng , Jiang Yongqiang
Published: June 2022

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a novel useful strategy that is increasingly used for pathogens detection in clinic. Some emerging mNGS technologies with long-read ability are useful to decrease sequencing time and increase diagnosed accuracy, which is of great significance in rapid pathogen diagnosis. Reliable DNA extraction is considered critical for the success of sequencing; hence, there is thus an urgent need of gentle DNA extraction method to get unbiased and more integrate DNA from all kinds of pathogens. In this study, we systematically compared three DNA extraction methods (enzymatic cell lysis based on MetaPolyzyme, mechanical cell lysis based on bead beating, and the control method without pre–cell lysis, respectively) by assessing DNA yield, integrity, and the microbial diversity based on long-read nanopore sequencing of urine samples with microbial infections. Compared with the control method, the enzymatic-based method increased the average length of microbial reads by a median of 2.1-fold [Inter Quartile Range (IQR), 1.7–2.5; maximum, 4.8) in 18 of the 20 samples and the mapped reads proportion of specific species by a median of 11.8-fold (Inter Quartile Range (IQR), 6.9–32.2; maximum, 79.27]. Moreover, it provided fully (20 of 20) consistent diagnosed results to the clinical culture and more representative microbial profiles (P < 0.05), which all strongly proves the excellent performance of enzymatic-based method in long-read mNGS–based pathogen identification and potential diseases diagnosis of microbiome related.
One-Week Dynamic Changes in Cardiac Proteomes After Cardiac Radioablation in Experimental Rat Model
Authors: Kim Byoung Hyuck , Jung Jin Woo , Han Dohyun , Cha Myung-Jin , Chang Ji Hyun
Published: June 2022

Background

Recently, stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has been adopted to non-invasively treat catheter ablation-refractory ventricular tachycardia (VT). VT episodes have been dramatically reduced after SABR, within weeks; however the underlying mechanisms of these clinical effects and potential mediators of early anti-arrhythmic effect remain unclear.

Methods

In this study, cardiac tissue was harvested from non-irradiated control (0 Gy), conventional irradiated control (2 Gy), and radioablative test (25 Gy) rat groups after 3 and 7 days of irradiation. The samples were proteomically analyzed to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEP) between different groups. Validation experiments were performed similar to validation in profiling where Data independent acquisition and parallel reaction monitoring methods were used. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD030878.

Results

Functional enrichment analysis of 25 Gy sample showed that among the downregulated proteins, “intracellular signal transduction” and “cell to cell adhesion” proteins were significantly affected at day 3 while “Ras protein signal transduction,” “GTPase regulation,” and “actin filament-based process” proteins were majorly affected at day 7. GO analysis demonstrated that most of the upregulated proteins belonged to the classes “cellular stress response,” “endomembranal organization,” or “endoplasmic reticulum stress response” at day 3. At day 7, 42 proteins, mainly associated with response to drug, organic substance, or radiation, were specifically upregulated in 25 Gy. DEP analysis of cardiac conduction showed Ryr2 and Cav1 upregulation and Cacna2d2, Gja3, Scnb2, and Kcnn3 downregulation in the 25 Gy group compared to 0 Gy. In validation experiments, four proteins (Gsta1, Myot, Ephx1, and Capg) were repeatedly detected with 25 Gy-specific patterns at day 7.

Conclusions

25 Gy single fractional irradiation induces considerable cardiac proteome changes within the first 7 days, distinct from 2 Gy. Several candidate proteins displayed 25 Gy-specific changes and were related to oxidative stress-induced innate response or cardiac remodeling processes. Future studies should explore the specific role of these proteins upon cardiac radioablation.
Large Uncertainties Are Pervasive in Long-Term Frequency-Magnitude Relationships for Volcanoes in Southeast Asia
Authors: Hayes Josh L. , Jenkins Susanna F. , Joffrain Mathis
Published: June 2022

Frequency-magnitude relationships are a fundamental aspect of volcanic hazard and risk analysis. Typically, frequencies of previously recorded eruptions are used to identify such relationships. This works well for volcanoes that are well-studied, but it can take a long, sustained, and resource intensive research effort to compile complete eruption records. Further, the level of completeness that can be achieved will vary around the world as a function of climatic conditions, eruption style, and duration of written records. Given the importance of understanding hazard and risk for disaster risk reduction, how can frequency-magnitude relationships be determined for volcanoes with little or no eruption records? Analogue models have been used to supplement the eruption records of volcanoes with limited or no recorded eruptions. However, there has been little effort undertaken to compare the agreeability of different approaches to estimating frequency-magnitude relationships using these analogue models. This has implications for volcanic hazard and risk assessment, if different approaches are considered credible, yet yield vastly different estimates. In this work we compare frequency-magnitude relationships for volcanoes in Southeast Asia, a region where eruption records are known to be very incomplete. We do this by first reviewing published frequency-magnitude relationships to evaluate the agreeability between different approaches, and then develop a top-down multi-model Bayesian updating approach to deriving frequency-magnitude relationships for a wide variety of volcanoes in Southeast Asia (n = 176). Our review of published estimates found that there is considerable variability between published eruption probabilities for volcanoes in Southeast Asia. We also found that using different analogue models in the Bayesian analysis can lead to considerably different frequency-magnitude relationships (over an order of magnitude in some cases), highlighting the importance of using multiple models to ensure robust probability estimations are obtained. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the choice of model averaging or model combination method can influence the resulting frequency-magnitude estimations, whilst the choice to incorporate or remove uncertain eruption records had modest or no effect. Our findings provide important considerations for estimating frequency-magnitude relationships in volcanic hazard and risk assessments, and a method to combine multiple frequency-magnitude models whilst accounting for uncertainty in our estimations.
Study on Failure Difference of Hard Rock Based on a Comparison Between the Conventional Triaxial Test and True Triaxial Test
Authors: Zheng Guoqiang , Tang Yonghui , Zhang Yan , Gao Yaohui , Zhu Guoqiang , Gao Meiben , Ren Junqian , Chen Kezhu , Sun Jicheng
Published: June 2022

The study on the failure difference of deep hard rock based on the comparison between conventional and true triaxial tests can help us better understand the fracture processes and failure characteristics of the deep rock mass. Therefore, this article carries out a comparative analysis of the failure of hard rock under conventional and true triaxial stress states. Within the scope of this study, it is found that the brittle–ductile transformation properties can be intuitively reflected in the rock stress–strain curve and failure mode. The brittle–ductile transition point of rock can also be determined by the difference between peak and residual strengths. The rock failure strength increases with the increase of σ2, the peak strain decreases with the increase of σ2, the stress drop of the post-peak curve becomes more obvious with the increase of σ2, and the rock tends toward Class II brittle failure after the peak with the increase of σ2. When σ3 is relatively high, the rock fracture angle increases with the increase of σ2 with obvious regularity. Compared with conventional triaxial stress conditions, the differential stress-induced anisotropy failure is the biggest difference in rock fracture characteristics between true and conventional triaxial stress states. This study can supply useful references to the study of failure properties of hard rock under complex stress states.
Problematic Social Media Use and Intensive Social Media Use Among Academic Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Associations With Social Support and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Boniel-Nissim Meyran , Alt Dorit
Published: June 2022

The need for interaction that arose given the social distancing imposed on people by governments during the COVID-19 has increased the use of social media (SM). The current study distinguishes between two different patterns of SM use: problematic and intensive, and examines the impact of each specific type of SM on social and mental aspects (i.e., social support, loneliness, and life satisfaction). The sample included 363 higher education students. Data were gathered during a second lockdown using Partial Least Squares—Structural Equation Modeling. The model indicated two different trajectories corresponding to the two types of SM users: Intensive users reported having more family support, whereas problematic users tended to feel lonely, reported having low life satisfaction, and had less support from friends. This study may allude to the possible positive role of SM use, especially during social distancing, in alleviating social and mental burdens in times of crisis.
Myoinositol in Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Authors: Paparo Sabrina Rosaria , Ferrari Silvia Martina , Patrizio Armando , Elia Giusy , Ragusa Francesca , Botrini Chiara , Balestri Eugenia , Guarneri Fabrizio , Benvenga Salvatore , Antonelli Alessandro , Fallahi Poupak
Published: June 2022

Myoinositol (Myo) is an isoform of inositol, a cyclic polyol with 6 hydroxyl groups. Myo is mainly derived from dietary intake while its endogenous production is generated from glucose by enzymatic reactions. Moreover, Myo is also synthesized de novo by catabolism of phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphoinositides (PIP), and inositol phosphates (IP). Myo has a determinant role in thyroid function and autoimmune diseases as it regulates iodine organification and thyroid hormone biosynthesis by the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in thyrocytes. Depletion of Myo that is involved in the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) signaling pathway, may cause the development of thyroid diseases such as hypothyroidism. TSH levels significantly decreased in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, with or without autoimmune thyroiditis, after treatment with Myo plus Selenium (Myo+Se). In addition to TSH, antithyroid autoantibodies are reduced. This review summarizes the role of Myo in the thyroidal physiology and its role in the management of some thyroid diseases.
Vulnerability Assessment of Climate Change in Vietnam: A Case Study of Binh Chanh District, Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Truong Dinh Duc , Dat Tran Tho , Hang Nguyen Dieu , Huan Le Huy
Published: June 2022

Climate change poses additional obstacles to poverty eradication and social justice. Rising temperatures, abnormal rainfall increases, storms, floods, and droughts have become more frequent and severe phenomena in Vietnam. This causes serious consequences for the livelihood security of the poor. Binh Chanh district (Ho Chi Minh City) is an area subject to severe risks of climate change in the Mekong River Delta, Vietnam. Here, the low-income groups are the most vulnerable because their adaptive capacity is still limited and low. This study uses the livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) to assess the level of vulnerability to climate change in households and communes in the Binh Chanh district. LVI includes three components: exposure (E), sensitivity (S), and adaptive capacity (AC) based on 23 indicators selected by reviewing the literature and consulting with experts. The article also conducted surveys with 931 households in 16 administrative communes in Binh Chanh for primary data. The research results showed that Tan Kien and An Phu Tay communes have the highest level of vulnerability since they are areas with mainly low-lying terrain and contiguous location rivers; the people in these towns are also vulnerable groups because they do not have a stable source of income, skills, and have low education and experience in climate change adaptation. The study also proposes some solutions to improve the capacity to adapt to climate change of vulnerable communes specifically: 1) creating diversified livelihoods with stable incomes; 2) deploying community-based climate change adaptation models for communes adjacent to rivers; 3) implementing adaptive agriculture and improving social capital for vulnerable households; 4) building resettlement areas for households heavily affected by disasters; and 5) raising awareness among low-income households to respond to natural hazards in the context of climate change.
Response of Soil Microarthropod Community to Seasonal Changes in Urat Desert Steppe, Inner Mongolia
Authors: Guo Zhixia , Chang Haitao , Liu Rentao
Published: June 2022

The abiotic factors via moisture and temperature play the most important role in the growth and development of soil microarthropods. Here we examined the seasonal distribution of the soil microarthropod communities in the Reaumuria soongorica shrubland of the Urat desert steppe in northwestern China in spring, summer, and autumn of 2019 and their relations with environmental factors. Our results showed that the total abundance and group richness of soil microarthropods community was significantly greater in summer than in spring and autumn. There were two indicator taxon (i.e., Cryptopalmites and Isotomidae) observed in summer, and one indicator taxon (i.e., Stigmaeidae) observed in autumn, whereas no indicator taxon was observed in spring. The partial RDA results showed that soil moisture and soil temperature were the main environmental factors that affected the distribution of soil microarthropods. In conclusion, the warm and moist summer harbored greater abundance and richness distribution of soil microhabitats, whereas there was stable diversity distribution across seasons in Urat desert steppe, northern China.
Contribution of National Rural Employment Guarantee Program on Rejuvenation and Restoration of Community Forests in India
Authors: Angom Juliet , Viswanathan P. K.
Published: June 2022

Sustainable development is one of the ubiquitous paradigms of this century. Poverty, biodiversity loss and climate change are some of the obstacles to achieving sustainable development. To mitigate these encumbrances, countries have painstakingly adopted various policies and interventions. Public work programs, one of the initiatives targeting the construction of strong social safety nets through redistribution of wealth and generation of meaningful employment are increasingly being launched in developing countries. This paper is an attempt to examine the effects of phased implementation of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) on the rejuvenation and restoration of community forests in India. Searches performed in multidisciplinary electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Emerald Insight, Google Scholar, Taylor and Francis Online, Wiley Online Library, and Springer Link) indicated that MGREGS is one of the largest labor guarantee schemes ever recorded in India and globally, and has holistically contributed to reforestation and afforestation through its land development themes to reduce vulnerability of rural communities to recurrent droughts, floods and improve soil moisture and fertility. It is evident that MGNREGS in synergy with the government forest development programs have the potential to promote social afforestation, reforestation and biodiversity conservation as witnessed in the Sundarbans. These have the potential to empower local people through creation of income generating activities and provision of local forest goods and services. However, the creation of forests as rural assets necessitates that emphasis should be laid on their maintenance so as to ensure that they are given their due importance for sustainable and long-term benefit of the poor rural households. This study highlights the need to perform a comprehensive assessment of forest assets that has been established through MNREGS across states in India.
Machine Learning Screens Potential Drugs Targeting a Prognostic Gene Signature Associated With Proliferation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Jun , Lu Jianjun , Li Wenli , Mao Wenjie , Lu Yamin
Published: June 2022

Background: This study aimed to screen potential drugs targeting a new prognostic gene signature associated with proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: CRISPR Library and TCGA datasets were used to explore differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to the proliferation of HCC cells. Differential gene expression analysis, univariate COX regression analysis, random forest algorithm and multiple combinatorial screening were used to construct a prognostic gene signature. Then the predictive power of the gene signature was validated in the TCGA and ICGC datasets. Furthermore, potential drugs targeting this gene signature were screened.

Results: A total of 640 DEGs related to HCC proliferation were identified. Using univariate Cox analysis and random forest algorithm, 10 hub genes were screened. Subsequently, using multiplex combinatorial screening, five hub genes (FARSB, NOP58, CCT4, DHX37 and YARS) were identified. Taking the median risk score as a cutoff value, HCC patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis performed in the training set showed that the overall survival of the high-risk group was worse than that of the low-risk group (p < 0.001). The ROC curve showed a good predictive efficiency of the risk score (AUC > 0.699). The risk score was related to gene mutation, cancer cell stemness and immune function changes. Prediction of immunotherapy suggetsted the IC50s of immune checkpoint inhibitors including A-443654, ABT-888, AG-014699, ATRA, AUY-922, and AZ-628 in the high-risk group were lower than those in the low-risk group, while the IC50s of AMG-706, A-770041, AICAR, AKT inhibitor VIII, Axitinib, and AZD-0530 in the high-risk group were higher than those in the low-risk group. Drug sensitivity analysis indicated that FARSB was positively correlated with Hydroxyurea, Vorinostat, Nelarabine, and Lomustine, while negatively correlated with JNJ-42756493. DHX37 was positively correlated with Raltitrexed, Cytarabine, Cisplatin, Tiotepa, and Triethylene Melamine. YARS was positively correlated with Axitinib, Fluphenazine and Megestrol acetate. NOP58 was positively correlated with Vorinostat and 6-thioguanine. CCT4 was positively correlated with Nerabine.

Conclusion: The five-gene signature associated with proliferation can be used for survival prediction and risk stratification for HCC patients. Potential drugs targeting this gene signature deserve further attention in the treatment of HCC.
A TP53 Related Immune Prognostic Model for the Prediction of Clinical Outcomes and Therapeutic Responses in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xiaonan , Min Simin , Yang Yifan , Ding Dushan , Li Qicai , Liu Saisai , Tao Tao , Zhang Ming , Li Baiqing , Zhao Shidi , Ge Rongjing , Yang Fan , Li Yan , He Xiaoyu , Ma Xiaoxiao , Wang Lian , Wu Tianyu , Wang Tao , Wang Guowen
Published: June 2022

TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) is considered a vital factor that influences tumor progression and survival rate. The influence of TP53 mutation on TIM in LUAD has not been fully studied. Here we systematically investigated the relationship and potential mechanisms between TP53 mutation status and immune response in LUAD. We constructed an immune prognostic model (IPM) using immune associated genes, which were expressed differentially between the TP53 mutant and wild type LUAD patients. We discovered that TP53 mutations were significantly associated with 5 immune related biological processes. Thirty-six immune genes were expressed differentially between TP53 mutant and wild type LUAD patients. An IPM was constructed using 3 immune genes to differentiate the prognostic survival in LUAD. The high-risk LUAD group displayed significantly higher proportions of dendritic cell resting, T cell CD4 memory resting and mast cell resting, and significantly low proportions of dendritic cell activated, T cell CD4 memory activated, and mast cell activated. Moreover, IPM was found to be an independent clinical feature and can be used to predict immunotherapy responses. In summary, we constructed and validated an IPM using 3 immune related genes, which provides a better understanding of the mechanism from an immunological perspectives.
The Crosstalk Between Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells and Hepatic Microenvironment in NASH Related Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Du Wei , Wang Lin
Published: June 2022

Chronic liver injury can be caused by many factors, including virus infection, alcohol intake, cholestasis and abnormal fat accumulation. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become the main cause of liver fibrosis worldwide. Recently, more and more evidences show that hepatic microenvironment is involved in the pathophysiological process of liver fibrosis induced by NASH. Hepatic microenvironment consists of various types of cells and intercellular crosstalk among different cells in the liver sinusoids. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), as the gatekeeper of liver microenvironment, play an irreplaceable role in the homeostasis and alterations of liver microenvironment. Many recent studies have reported that during the progression of NASH to liver fibrosis, LSECs are involved in various stages mediated by a series of mechanisms. Therefore, here we review the key role of crosstalk between LSECs and hepatic microenvironment in the progression of NASH to liver fibrosis (steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis), as well as promising therapeutic strategies targeting LSECs.