bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensory cue-combination in the context of newly learned categories
Authors: Bankieris Kaitlyn R. , Bejjanki Vikranth Rao , Aslin Richard N.
Published: September 2017

A large body of prior research has evaluated how humans combine multiple sources of information pertaining to stimuli drawn from continuous dimensions, such as distance or size. These prior studies have repeatedly demonstrated that in these circumstances humans integrate cues in a near-optimal fashion, weighting cues according to their reliability. However, most of our interactions with sensory information are in the context of categories such as objects and phonemes, thereby requiring a solution to the cue combination problem by mapping sensory estimates from continuous dimensions onto task-relevant categories. Previous studies have examined cue combination with natural categories (e.g., phonemes), providing qualitative evidence that human observers utilize information about the distributional properties of task-relevant categories, in addition to sensory information, in such categorical cue combination tasks. In the present study, we created and taught human participants novel audiovisual categories, thus allowing us to quantitatively evaluate participants’ integration of sensory and categorical information. Comparing participant behavior to the predictions of a statistically optimal observer that ideally combines all available sources of information, we provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, that human observers combine sensory and category information in a statistically optimal manner.
Flat building blocks for flat silicene
Authors: Takahashi Masae
Published: September 2017

Silicene is the silicon equivalent of graphene, which is composed of a honeycomb carbon structure with one atom thickness and has attractive characteristics of a perfect two-dimensional π-conjugated sheet. However, unlike flat and highly stable graphene, silicene is relatively sticky and thus unstable due to its puckered or crinkled structure. Flatness is important for stability, and to obtain perfect π-conjugation, electron-donating atoms and molecules should not interact with the π electrons. The structural differences between silicene and graphene result from the differences in their building blocks, flat benzene and chair-form hexasilabenzene. It is crucial to design flat building blocks for silicene with no interactions between the electron donor and π-orbitals. Here, we report the successful design of such building blocks with the aid of density functional theory calculations. Our fundamental concept is to attach substituents that have sp-hybrid orbitals and act as electron donors in a manner that it does not interact with the π orbitals. The honeycomb silicon molecule with BeH at the edge designed according to our concept, clearly shows the same structural, charge distribution and molecular orbital characteristics as the corresponding carbon-based molecule.
Visualizing Micro-anatomical Structures of the Posterior Cornea with Micro-optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Chen Si , Liu Xinyu , Wang Nanshuo , Wang Xianghong , Xiong Qiaozhou , Bo En , Yu Xiaojun , Chen Shufen , Liu Linbo
Published: September 2017

Diagnosis of corneal disease and challenges in corneal transplantation require comprehensive understanding of corneal anatomy, particularly that of the posterior cornea. Micro-optical coherence tomography (µOCT) is a potentially suitable tool to meet this need, owing to its ultrahigh isotropic spatial resolution, high image acquisition rate and depth priority scanning mode. In this study, we explored the ability of µOCT to visualize micro-anatomical structures of the posterior cornea ex vivo and in vivo using small and large animals. µOCT clearly delineated cornea layers and revealed micro-anatomical structures, including not only polygonal endothelial cells, stellate keratocytes, collagen fibres and corneal nerve fibres but also new structures such as the dome-shaped basolateral side of endothelial cells and lattice structures at the interface between endothelium and Descemet’s membrane. Based on these observations, a short post-harvest longitudinal study was conducted on rat cornea to test the feasibility of using µOCT to monitor the quality of endothelial cells. This study successfully reveals a series of morphological features and pathological changes in the posterior cornea at the cellular level in situ and in real time with µOCT. These findings enrich knowledge of corneal anatomy and suggest that µOCT may be a promising imaging tool in corneal transplantation.
Decreased hail size in China since 1980
Authors: Ni Xiang , Zhang Qinghong , Liu Chuntao , Li Xiaofei , Zou Tian , Lin Jipei , Kong Hoiio , Ren Zhihua
Published: September 2017

The response of hailstorm intensity to climate variability/change has become a topic of community interest recently. But the lack of persistent and homogenous observations makes it difficult to confidently describe its interannual variations. Hail size, as a common indicator of hailstorm intensity, displays distinct regional variability. Here, for the first time, we show robust evidence of a decrease in hail size using continuous and coherent hail size records from 2,254 manned stations in China since 1980. The stations were categorized based on their elevation: plateaus (above 2000 m), foothills (between 500 and 2000 m), and plains (below 500 m). Compared with 1980–1997, the hail size spectra from 1998 to 2015 all shifted toward smaller sizes significantly in plateaus, foothills, and plains. The proportion of overall hail events with maximum sizes of at least 5 and 20 mm significantly decreased since 1980. Meanwhile, the annual mean size of hail above 10 and 20 mm significantly decreased during the research period, especially after 1990. These changes in the hail size spectra may imply a weakened intensity of hailstorms in China in recent decades.
The Relationship between Hematological Indices and Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases (ARDs), a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hao Xuanyu , Li Dongyang , Wu Dan , Zhang Ning
Published: September 2017

This meta-analysis was undertaken to investigate the relationship between hematological indices and autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs). PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searchedfor studies of ARDs and hematological indices. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated with confidence interval (CI) of 95%. 18 studies were included in our meta-analysis. Compared to the healthy control group, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was increased in patients with ankylosing spongdylitis(AS), Behçet’s disease(BD), andrheumatoid arthritis(RA)(SMD = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.47; SMD = 1.90; 95% CI: 0.13 to 3.67; SMD = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.23 to 1.28). Platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was found increased in RA and SLE (SMD = 33.91; 95% CI: 20.50 to 47.32; SMD = 59.11; 95% CI: 4.46 to 113.76). Mean platelet volume (MPV)was irrelevant to BD and SLE by comparing with the healthy control group respectively. (SMD = 0.24; 95% CI: −0.49 to 0.97; SMD = −0.15; 95% CI: −1.77 to 1.48). Red cell distribution width (RDW) was not related to AS (SMD = 0.59, 95% CI: −0.37, 1.55). Our findings indicated that NLR had a strong association with AS, BD, and RA. PLR was also related to RA and SLE. NLR and PLR could be recommended as inexpensive diagnostic biomarkers for ARDs.
Nab-Paclitaxel in combination with Cisplatin Versus Docetaxel Plus Cisplatin as First-Line Therapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Chen Yi , Li Jinyu , Chen Shixue , Zhang Yibao , Hu Yi , Zhang Guoqing , Yan Xiang , Jiao Shunchang
Published: September 2017

Albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PC) and docetaxel both produced favorable efficacy and safety as first-line therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the comparison between nab-PC and docetaxel remained unclear until now. This retrospective study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of nab-PC/cisplatin with docetaxel/cisplatin as first-line therapy in advanced NSCLC. 271 patients with advanced NSCLC, who received either nab-PC (55 patients) or docetaxel (216 patients) were reviewed from 2012 to 2016. The primary endpoint was objective overall response rate (ORR). The secondary endpoints were disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and safety profiles. Nab-PC presented a significantly higher ORR than docetaxel (47.3% vs 31.9%; P = 0.033). The difference of ORR was more significantly remarkable in patients with squamous histology (58.3% vs 29.0%; P = 0.007). Additionally, the DCR of nab-PC was significantly higher than docetaxel. Patients in nab-PC group had a trend toward improved PFS and OS compared with patients in docetaxel group, but this didn’t reach statistical significance. Grade ≥ 3 neutropenia was less in nab-PC group, while Grade ≥ 3 anemia and thrombocytopenia were less in docetaxel group. Nab-PC/cisplatin as first-line therapy, produced significantly higher efficacy and reduced neutropenia than docetaxel/cisplatin in advanced NSCLC.
Assessing the potential for raw meat to influence human colonization with Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Carrel Margaret , Zhao Chang , Thapaliya Dipendra , Bitterman Patrick , Kates Ashley E. , Hanson Blake M. , Smith Tara C.
Published: September 2017

The role of household meat handling and consumption in the transfer of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) from livestock to consumers is not well understood. Examining the similarity of S. aureus colonizing humans and S. aureus in meat from the stores in which those individuals shop can provide insight into the role of meat in human S. aureus colonization. S. aureus isolates were collected from individuals in rural and urban communities in Iowa (n = 3347) and contemporaneously from meat products in stores where participants report purchasing meat (n = 913). The staphylococcal protein A (spa) gene was sequenced for all isolates to determine a spa type. Morisita indices and Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance Using Distance Matrices (PERMANOVA) were used to determine the relationship between spa type composition among human samples and meat samples. spa type composition was significantly different between households and meat sampled from their associated grocery stores. spa types found in meat were not significantly different regardless of the store or county in which they were sampled. spa types in people also exhibit high similarity regardless of residential location in urban or rural counties. Such findings suggest meat is not an important source of S. aureus colonization in shoppers.
Impact of maternal obesity on the incidence of pregnancy complications in France and Canada
Authors: Fuchs Florent , Senat Marie-Victoire , Rey Evelyne , Balayla Jacques , Chaillet Nils , Bouyer Jean , Audibert François
Published: September 2017

The aim of our study was to compare the impact of maternal obesity on the incidence of medical complications of pregnancy in France and Canada. We performed a prospective comparative cohort study using French data, retrieved from a prospective cohort of singleton deliveries, and Canadian data retrieved from QUARISMA, a cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted in Quebec, both between 2009 and 2011. Outcomes studied included, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), venous thromboembolism, stillbirth, caesarean delivery and macrosomia. The impact of obesity across both cohorts was studied using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, adjusting for relevant confounders. The French and Canadian databases included 26,973 and 22,046 deliveries respectively, with obesity rates of 9.1% and 16% respectively (p < 0.001). In both cohorts, obesity was significantly associated with an increased rate of HDP, cesarean delivery, and macrosomia. However, in both cohorts the relationship between increasing body mass index and the incidence of medical complication of pregnancy was the same, regardless the outcome studied. In conclusion, obesity is a risk factor for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes in both cohorts. Similar trends of increased risk were noted in both cohorts even though obesity is more prevalent in Canada.
Regulation of Akt-mTOR, ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome pathways in locomotor and respiratory muscles during experimental sepsis in mice
Authors: Morel Jérome , Palao Jean-Charles , Castells Josiane , Desgeorges Marine , Busso Thierry , Molliex Serge , Jahnke Vanessa , Del Carmine Peggy , Gondin Julien , Arnould David , Durieux Anne Cécile , Freyssenet Damien
Published: September 2017

Sepsis induced loss of muscle mass and function contributes to promote physical inactivity and disability in patients. In this experimental study, mice were sacrificed 1, 4, or 7 days after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or sham surgery. When compared with diaphragm, locomotor muscles were more prone to sepsis-induced muscle mass loss. This could be attributed to a greater activation of ubiquitin-proteasome system and an increased myostatin expression. Thus, this study strongly suggests that the contractile activity pattern of diaphragm muscle confers resistance to atrophy compared to the locomotor gastrocnemius muscle. These data also suggest that a strategy aimed at preventing the activation of catabolic pathways and preserving spontaneous activity would be of interest for the treatment of patients with sepsis-induced neuromyopathy.
Performance of cervical phIGFBP-1 test alone or combined with short cervical length to predict spontaneous preterm birth in symptomatic women
Authors: Fuchs Florent , Houllier Marie , Leparco Soizic , Guyot Anne , Senat Marie-Victoire , Fernandez Hervé
Published: September 2017

We aimed to assess the accuracy of cervical phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (phIGFBP-1) test alone or in combination with cervical length (CL), to predict preterm birth (PTB) in symptomatic women. We performed a prospective cohort study from 2012 to 2015 including singleton pregnancies with symptoms of preterm labor, intact membranes and CL < 25 mm at 24–34 weeks of gestation. Studied outcome were spontaneous delivery within 7 and 14 days of testing and spontaneous PTB at <34 and <37 weeks of gestation. Among 180 women, 21 (11.7%) had a positive phIGFBP-1 test. Spontaneous PTB occurred within 7 days, 14 days of testing and before 34 weeks and 37 weeks in 7.8%, 10.6%, 12.9% and 28.8%, respectively. The phIGFBP-1 test had a low predictive performance for all studied outcomes varying for positive likelihood ratios (2.8 to 3.4) and negative likelihood ratios (0.8). Combining phIGFBP-1 and CL did not increase its predictive ability. After adjustment, positive phIGFBP-1 test was no more independently associated with a delivery within 7 days (p = 0.55), unlike CL < 15 mm (p = 0.04). In conclusion, phIGFBP-1 test alone or in combination with CL has a low predictive accuracy to predict PTB in symptomatic women.
Heat conjugation of antibacterial agents from amino acids and plant oil
Authors: Tang Man , Zhou Yanchao , Gao Jiayang , Peng Jingli , Wang Yuan , Zhao Qirui , Liao Lihao , Wang Kai , Pan Mengjia , Xing Meng , Pan Wen , Dai Danling , Fu Min , Yu Li , Zhang Chuqing , Wang Yuchuan , Zhang Ying , Xu Li , Li Jing , Bao Xiao , Piao Wenxian , Lin Shihong , Lu Kaibei , Zhang Xuelan , Cao Weiguo , Yang Kai , He Zhumei , Weng Shaoping , Liu Qiuyun , He Jianguo
Published: September 2017

Antimicrobial peptides are components of the innate immune systems in animals and plants as natural defense against pathogens. Critical issues like manufacturing costs have to be addressed before mass production of these peptides for agriculture or community sterilizations. Here, we report a cost-effective chemical synthesis method to produce antimicrobial cocktails, which was based on the heat conjugation of amino acids in the presence of phosphoric acid and plant oil at 150 °C. The conjugates showed potent biological activities against all tested bacteria including a multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain Y5 and ampicillin resistant Pseudomonas aerugenosa ATCC9027 strain, demonstrating potential in agriculture, and prophylactic applications in hospital and community settings.
Deep-reef fish assemblages of the Great Barrier Reef shelf-break (Australia)
Authors: Sih Tiffany L. , Cappo Mike , Kingsford Michael
Published: September 2017

Tropical mesophotic and sub-mesophotic fish ecology is poorly understood despite increasing vulnerability of deeper fish assemblages. Worldwide there is greater fishing pressure on continental shelf-breaks and the effects of disturbances on deeper fish species have not yet been assessed. Difficult to access, deeper reefs host undocumented fish diversity and abundance. Baited Remote Underwater Video Stations (BRUVS) with lights were used to sample deeper habitats (54–260 m), in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia. Here we describe fish biodiversity, relative abundance and richness, assessing the prediction that depth would drive assemblage structure in the GBR. Distinct groups of fishes were found with depth whilst overall richness and abundance decreased steeply between 100 and 260 m. Commercially-valuable Lutjanidae species from Pristipomoides and Etelis genera, were absent from shallower depths. Few fish species overlapped between adjacent depth strata, indicating unique assemblages with depth. We also detected new location records and potential new species records. The high biodiversity of fish found in shelf-break environments is poorly appreciated and depth is a strong predictor of assemblage composition. This may pose a challenge for managers of commercial fisheries as distinct depth ranges of taxa may translate to more readily targeted habitats, and therefore, an inherent vulnerability to exploitation.
Techniques and long-term effects of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt on liver cirrhosis-related thrombotic total occlusion of main portal vein
Authors: Wang Lei , He Fuliang , Yue Zhendong , Zhao Hongwei , Fan Zhenhua , Zhao Mengfei , Qiu Bin , Yao Jiannan , Lin Qiushi , Dong Xiaoqun , Liu Fuquan
Published: September 2017

Portal vein hypertension (PVH) in liver cirrhosis complicated with portal venous thrombosis (PVT) has been mainly treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). The clinical effects of TIPS have been confirmed, however, no large-scale studies have been focused on technical analyses and a long-term follow-up, especially on thrombotic total occlusion of main portal vein (MPV). To demonstrate critical techniques and clinical outcome of TIPS on liver cirrhosis-related thrombotic total occlusion of MPV, 98 patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis related thrombotic total occlusion of MPV and treated with TIPS from January 2000 to January 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-three (23.5%) patients had MPV (single site) thrombosis, 55 (56.1%) had multiple site-thrombosis (MPV and other), 17 (17.3%) had cavernous transformation of portal vein, and 3 (3.1%) had post-transplant thrombosis. The successful rate of TIPS was 90.7%, without any procedure-related deaths or severe complications. Mean portal pressure was dropped from 33.08 ± 1.38 mmHg preoperatively to 20.18 ± 0.83 mmHg postoperatively (p < 0.001). Collectively, TIPS is safe and effective in treating liver cirrhosis-related thrombotic total occlusion of MPV. This complex procedure requires combination of indirect portography and percutaneous transhepatic portal techniques to increase the rate of success.
Intraoperative Fentanyl Consumption Does Not Impact Cancer Recurrence or Overall Survival after Curative Colorectal Cancer Resection
Authors: Tai Ying-Hsuan , Wu Hsiang-Ling , Chang Wen-Kuei , Tsou Mei-Yung , Chen Hsiu-Hsi , Chang Kuang-Yi
Published: September 2017

Whether opioid use in cancer surgery would promote tumor dissemination in humans is inconclusive. We investigated the effect of intraoperative fentanyl dose on colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis following resection in this retrospective study. A total of 1679 patients with stage I-III CRC undergoing tumor resection between January 2011 and December 2014 were evaluated through August 2016. Postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using Cox regression models. Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated no dose-response association between the amount of fentanyl dose and RFS (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.89–1.19) or OS (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.64–1.09). Patients were further classified into the high- and low-dose groups by the median of fentanyl dose (3.0 μg·kg−1), and there was no significant difference in RFS or OS between groups, either (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.74–1.17 for RFS; 0.79, 95% CI: 0.52–1.19 for OS). We concluded that intraoperative fentanyl consumption has no impact on recurrence-free or overall survival in patients after curative CRC resection.
An algorithm based on positive and negative links for community detection in signed networks
Authors: Su Yansen , Wang Bangju , Cheng Fan , Zhang Lei , Zhang Xingyi , Pan Linqiang
Published: September 2017

Community detection problem in networks has received a great deal of attention during the past decade. Most of community detection algorithms took into account only positive links, but they are not suitable for signed networks. In our work, we propose an algorithm based on random walks for community detection in signed networks. Firstly, the local maximum degree node which has a larger degree compared with its neighbors is identified, and the initial communities are detected based on local maximum degree nodes. Then, we calculate a probability for the node to be attracted into a community by positive links based on random walks, as well as a probability for the node to be away from the community on the basis of negative links. If the former probability is larger than the latter, then it is added into a community; otherwise, the node could not be added into any current communities, and a new initial community may be identified. Finally, we use the community optimization method to merge similar communities. The proposed algorithm makes full use of both positive and negative links to enhance its performance. Experimental results on both synthetic and real-world signed networks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Lateral movements of a massive tail influence gecko locomotion: an integrative study comparing tail restriction and autotomy
Authors: Jagnandan Kevin , Higham Timothy E.
Published: September 2017

Tails are an intricate component of the locomotor system for many vertebrates. Leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) possess a large tail that is laterally undulated during steady locomotion. However, the tail is readily shed via autotomy, resulting in the loss of tail function, loss in body mass, and a cranial shift in the center of mass. To elucidate the function of tail undulations, we investigated changes in limb kinematics after manipulating the tail artificially by restricting tail undulations and naturally by removing the tail via autotomy. Restricting tail undulations resulted in kinematic adjustments similar to those that occur following tail autotomy, characterized by more flexed hind limb joints. These data suggest that effects of autotomy on locomotion may be linked to the loss of tail movements rather than the loss of mass or a shift in center of mass. We also provide empirical support for the link between lateral tail undulations and step length through the rotation of the pelvic girdle and retraction of the femur. Restriction and autotomy of the tail limits pelvic rotation, which reduces femur retraction and decreases step length. Our findings demonstrate a functional role for tail undulations in geckos, which likely applies to other terrestrial vertebrates.
Spontaneous approaches of divers by free-ranging orcas (Orcinus orca): age- and sex-differences in exploratory behaviours and visual laterality
Authors: Chanvallon Stéphanie , Blois-Heulin Catherine , Robert de Latour Pierre , Lemasson Alban
Published: September 2017

Running comparative studies of laterality in mammals is a way to deepen our understanding of the evolution of the brain hemisphere functions. Studies on vision highlighted a possible task-sharing between hemispheres depending on the characteristics of the observers, the nature of the observed stimulus and the context of the observation, a phenomenon that could go beyond the monitoring of conspecifics. Cetaceans are predators that adapted to an aquatic habitat and display a clear crossing of fibers to the side of the brain opposite the eye of origin. Here, we analysed the interactions between humans and cetaceans when free-ranging orcas approach divers. Our study concentrated on the spontaneous exploratory behaviours of divers by orcas depending on their age and sex, and on the possible expression of a visual laterality. The results showed a significant preference for the use of the left eye but exclusively in adult females. Adult males had a more sustained attention than adult females, marked by a higher spatial proximity to divers, slower approaches and longer look durations. Adult females, probably more cautious, explored from the distance and more furtively. Our findings support a possible link between attentional/motivational states and visual laterality in mammals.
Photothermal enhancement of chemotherapy in breast cancer by visible irradiation of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Mendes Rita , Pedrosa Pedro , Lima João C. , Fernandes Alexandra R. , Baptista Pedro V.
Published: September 2017

Photothermal Therapy (PTT) impact in cancer therapy has been increasing due to the enhanced photothermal capabilities of a new generation of nanoscale photothermal agents. Among these nanoscale agents, gold nanoshells and nanorods have demonstrated optimal properties for translation of near infra-red radiation into heat at the site of interest. However, smaller spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are easier to produce, less toxic and show improved photoconversion capability that may profit from the irradiation in the visible via standard surgical green lasers. Here we show the efficient light-to-heat conversion of spherical 14 nm AuNPs irradiated in the visible region (at the surface plasmons resonance peak) and its application to selectively obliterate cancer cells. Using breast cancer as model, we show a synergistic interaction between heat (photoconversion at 530 nm) and cytotoxic action by doxorubicin with clear advantages to those of the individual therapy approaches.
In vitro exposure of simulated meat-cooking fumes to assess adverse biological effects
Authors: Poudel Bijay Kumar , Choi Jungwook , Park Jae Hong , Doh Kyung-Oh , Byeon Jeong Hoon
Published: September 2017

The heterocyclic amine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is considered as a human carcinogenic or mutagenic compound that is produced from the co-condensation of creatinine and amino acids as meats cook at high temperatures. The cooking of meats at high temperatures produces fumes, and these fumes can be suspended as aerosols via the vapor-to-particle (or -droplet) process in a temperature gradient field. Size distributions of the aerosols included a significant portion of nano- and submicron-sized particles, and these can be directly deposited in the lungs and on skin by particle transport phenomena near cooking areas. In this study, for the first time, PhIP-incorporated oleic acid (OA, simulating cooking oil) (PhIP@OA) particles, including individual particulate PhIP as simulated fumes from meat cooking, were constantly produced via collison atomization and subsequent drying processes. The aerosol particles were then dispersed in phosphate-buffered saline for cytotoxicity and senescence-associated β-galactosidase assays, which were compared with dissolved PhIP in dimethyl sulfoxide. PhIP and PhIP@OA did not show significant cytotoxic effects on SHSY5Y, MRC5, and human dermal fibroblast cells compared with the dissolved PhIP but clearly induced premature senescence activities that may be caused by a limited release of PhIP molecules from the particulate PhIP.
Mapping the interaction sites of Mucin 1 and DNA aptamer by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Wang Nan , Zhang Miaomiao , Chen Xuejuan , Ma Xingxing , Li Chen , Zhang Zhe , Tang Jilin
Published: September 2017

Mucin 1 (MUC1) is an attractive tumor marker for cancer diagnosis.
In situ cocoa beans quality grading by near-infrared-chemodyes systems
Authors: Kutsanedzie Felix Y. H. , Chen Quansheng , Sun Hao , Cheng Wu
Published: September 2017

Cocoa beans were quality graded innovatively using a near-infrared chemo-dyes system as aroma sensor to capture and detect their volatiles.
Sequential molecule-triggered-release system based on acetylated amylose helix aggregates
Authors: Liu Yongchun , Gao Wei , Zhang Chunhong , Tang Peng , Zhao Yuan , Wu Daocheng
Published: September 2017

We developed a molecule-triggered-release system based on acetylated amylose helix aggregates, in which the triggered conditions and duration time can be adjusted. The system could even be customized to meet specific demands.
Controlling the supramolecular assembly of nucleosomes asymmetrically modified on H4
Authors: Guidotti Nora , Lechner Carolin C. , Fierz Beat
Published: September 2017

We describe the isolnc-tag, a traceless, protease-removable internal crosslinking tag, to control the assembly of nucleosomes asymmetrically modified on H4.
Tetragonal phase of cylinders self-assembled from binary blends of AB diblock and (A′B)nstar copolymers
Authors: Jiang Wenbo , Qiang Yicheng , Liu Meijiao , Li Weihua , Qiu Feng , Shi An-Chang
Published: September 2017

The phase behavior of binary blends composed of AB diblock and (A′B)nstar copolymers is studied using the polymeric self-consistent field theory, focusing on the formation and stability of the stable tetragonal phase of cylinders.
Structure relaxation via long trajectories made stable
Authors: Yang Lin , Hou Chengyu , Ma Xiaoliang , Ye Lin , Chang Li , Shi Liping , He Xiaodong
Published: September 2017

NVERE is a versatile choice for optimizing potential energy through large deformation and capable of finding more stable equilibrium configurations.
O–O bond formation in ruthenium-catalyzed water oxidation: single-site nucleophilic attack vs. O–O radical coupling
Authors: Shaffer David W. , Xie Yan , Concepcion Javier J.
Published: September 2017

A review of water oxidation by ruthenium-based molecular catalysts, with emphasis on the mechanism of O–O bond formation.
Why different ligands can control stereochemistry selectivity of Ni-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of benzylic carbamates with arylboronic esters: a mechanistic study
Authors: Xie Hujun , Li Yang , Wang Lihong , Kuang Jian , Lei Qunfang , Fang Wenjun
Published: September 2017

Transmetallation is the rate-determining step for the whole catalytic cycle, and oxidative addition controls the stereoselectivity of products.
Two nanoscale Nb containing polyoxometalates based on {P2W15Nb3O62} clusters and chromium cations
Authors: Huang Peng , Wang Xin-Long , He De-Qing , Wu Hai-Yang , Qin Chao , Du Meng , Lai Chao , Su Zhong-Min
Published: September 2017

We have introduced mixed-addenda Nb/W polyoxometalates as a new class of materials for lithium-ion batteries and demonstrated their capability as anode materials with good cycling stability.
Mechanisms of distinct activated carbon and biochar amendment effects on petroleum vapour biofiltration in soil
Authors: Bushnaf Khaled M. , Mangse George , Meynet Paola , Davenport Russell J. , Cirpka Olaf A. , Werner David
Published: September 2017

We studied the effects of two percent by weight activated carbonversusbiochar amendments in 93 cm long sand columns on the biofiltration of petroleum vapours released by a non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) source.
Impact of growth phases on photochemically produced reactive species in the extracellular matrix of algal cultivation systems
Authors: Tenorio Raul , Fedders Anna C. , Strathmann Timothy J. , Guest Jeremy S.
Published: September 2017

Increasing levels of photochemically produced reactive species were observed in an algal cultivation system extracellular matrix under simulated sunlight throughout lag, exponential, early stationary, and late stationary growth phases.
Self-assembly of a bio-based extractant in methyl esters: combination of small angle X-ray scattering experiments and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Gomes Rodrigues Donatien , Fadel Ophélie , Bauduin Pierre , Girard Luc , Guilbaud Philippe , L'Hermitte Annabelle , Rossignol-Castera Anne , Diat Olivier
Published: September 2017

The structure of a bio-based extractant in oils was accessed by combining experiments and molecular dynamics simulations.
Palladacycles having normal and spiro chelate rings designed from bi- and tridentate ligands with an indole core: structure, synthesis and applications as catalysts
Authors: Singh Mahabir P. , Saleem Fariha , Pal Ram S. , Singh Ajai K.
Published: September 2017

Palladacycles with normal and spiro rings catalyze Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of ArBr/ArCl/allylation of aldehydes at 0.001/1 mol% loading.
Catching the electron in action in real space inside a Ge–Si core–shell nanowire transistor
Authors: Jaishi Meghnath , Pati Ranjit
Published: September 2017

Visual manifestation of electronic quantum path in a Ge–Si core–shell nanowire field effect transistor.
Enantioselective electrophilic cyanation of β-keto amides catalysed by a cinchona organocatalyst
Authors: Karmaker Pran Gopal , Qiu Jiashen , Wu Di , Reng Mengmeng , Yang Zhuo , Yin Hongquan , Chen Fu-Xue
Published: September 2017

An operationally simple protocol for the enantioselective electrophilic α-cyanation of β-keto amides catalyzed by cinchona-derived catalysts has been demonstrated.
Copper-catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling of α-aminocarbonyl compounds with primary amines toward 2-oxo-acetamidines
Authors: Chen Chuang , Zhu Menghua , Jiang Lihui , Zeng Zebing , Yi Niannian , Xiang Jiannan
Published: September 2017

A general and mild method for the construction of a carbon–nitrogen bond via copper-catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling of amines with α-aminocarbonyl compounds was achieved.
High saturation magnetization superparamagnetic Fe/Ni core/shell microparticles for chromium removal
Authors: Lu Zhaoqing , Xu Yanling , Zhou Shaomin
Published: September 2017

In this paper, the Fe/Ni microparticles are synthesized by two reactions which directly utilize H2 to reduce NiO and Fe3O4 microspheres.
Design and synthesis of coordination polymers with chelated units and their application in nanomaterials science
Authors: Dzhardimalieva Gulzhian I. , Uflyand Igor E.
Published: September 2017

The advances and problems associated with the preparation, properties and structure of coordination polymers with chelated units are presented and assessed.
Crystallization and melting behavior of i-PP: a perspective from Flory's thermodynamic equilibrium theory and DSC experiment
Authors: Ahmed Abdullah K. , Atiqullah Muhammad , Pradhan Dev R. , Al-Harthi Mamdouh A.
Published: September 2017

A novel conceptual framework that generates insightful new results about crystallization and melting behaviors of i-PP.
Synthesis of polymethylene-b-poly(vinyl acetate) block copolymer via visible light induced radical polymerization and its application
Authors: Wang HeYing , Xu Fang , Cui Kun , Zhang Hao , Huang Jin , Zhao QiaoLing , Jiang Tao , Ma Zhi
Published: September 2017

Polymethylene-b-poly(vinyl acetate) block copolymers were synthesized by polyhomologation of ylides and visible light-induced degenerative iodine transfer polymerization of vinyl acetate.
Co-doping effect of Mn2+ on fluorescence thermostability of Ca-α-sialon:Eu2+ phosphors
Authors: Ni Jia , Liu Qian , Zhou Zhenzhen , Liu Guanghui
Published: September 2017

To reveal Mn2+ influence on emission of Ca-α-sialon:Eu2+, the Mn2+ and Eu2+ co-doped phosphors were synthesized by a solid state reaction method. The produced powders show an enhanced fluorescence thermostability and the roles of Mn2+ addition have been investigated.
Investigation on the properties of Ta doped Ti3SiC2 as solid oxide fuel cell interconnects
Authors: Zheng Lili , Hua Qingsong , Li Xichao , Li Meishuan , Qian Yuhai , Xu Jingjun , Dai Zuoqiang , Chen Tao , Zhang Jianmin , Zhang Hongxin
Published: September 2017

Reported herein demonstrate Ta doping greatly improves the oxidation resistance and electrical conductivity of Ti3SiC2 as interconnect of SOFC.
Decoration of chitosan microspheres with Brønsted heteropolyacids and Lewis ion Ti: trifunctional catalysts for esterification to biodiesel
Authors: Tong Tong , Li Yiming , Hou Rui , Wang Xiaohong , Wang Shengtian
Published: September 2017

H3PW12O40 is a commonly used Brønsted acid catalyst in esterification and transesterification reactions to produce biodiesel, for which homogeneous form and single acid sites lead to difficulties in separation and relatively less activity.
Electronic and excitonic properties of two-dimensional and bulk InN crystals
Authors: Liang Dan , Quhe Ruge , Chen Yingjie , Wu Liyuan , Wang Qian , Guan Pengfei , Wang Shumin , Lu Pengfei
Published: September 2017

Motivated by potential extensive applications in nanoelectronics devices, we calculate structural and optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional InN as well as its three-dimensional counterparts by using density functional theory.
Microaxicave colour analysis system for fluoride concentration using a smartphone
Authors: Wen Yuxiang , Kuang Dengfeng , Huang Jinhui , Zhang Yi
Published: September 2017

Layout of our fluoride measurement system and the correlation between the concentration of fluoride and the peak of value–hue curves.
A controllable mechanistic transition of charge transfer in helical peptides: from hopping to superexchange
Authors: Yu Jingxian , Horsley John R. , Abell Andrew D.
Published: September 2017

A controllable mechanistic transition of charge transfer in helical peptides is demonstrated as a direct result of side-bridge gating.
Probing the application of a zirconium coagulant in a coagulation–ultrafiltration process: observations on organics removal and membrane fouling
Authors: Su Zhaoyang , Li Xing , Yang Yanling , Fan Yiran
Published: September 2017

The Zr coagulant offered improved turbidity and organics removal and was beneficial in alleviating membrane fouling, particularly the irreversible fouling.
Adsorption and separation properties of positively charged ZrO2nanofibrous membranes fabricated by electrospinning
Authors: Tang Yufei , Liu Zhaowei , Zhao Kang , Fu Song
Published: September 2017

Positively charged ZrO2nanofibrous membranes with high interception rate and adsorption capacity to separate and remove negatively charged particles.
Structural transformation of selenate ettringite: a hint for exfoliation chemistry
Authors: Guo Binglin , Sasaki Keiko , Hirajima Tsuyoshi
Published: September 2017

Selenate ettringite could be destructuralized by sulfate and could be exfoliated into nanoscale columnar parts in strong polar solvent.
Tandem μ-reactor-GC/MS for online monitoring of aromatic hydrocarbon production via CaO-catalysed PET pyrolysis
Authors: Kumagai S. , Yamasaki R. , Kameda T. , Saito Y. , Watanabe A. , Watanabe C. , Teramae N. , Yoshioka T.
Published: September 2017

Online monitoring of products by a tandem μ-reactor-GC/MS system revealed the CaO catalysed PET pyrolysis pathway.
Multi-shell tin phosphide nanospheres as high performance anode material for a sodium ion battery
Authors: Huang Sheng , Meng Chao , Xiao Min , Ren Shan , Wang Shuanjin , Han Dongmei , Li Yuning , Meng Yuezhong
Published: September 2017

The multi-shell Sn4P3nanospheres with larger specific surface area and interlayer space improve the cycling performance of a sodium ion battery.
High-pressure zinc oxide phase as visible-light-active photocatalyst with narrow band gap
Authors: Razavi-Khosroshahi Hadi , Edalati Kaveh , Wu Ji , Nakashima Yuki , Arita Makoto , Ikoma Yoshifumi , Sadakiyo Masaaki , Inagaki Yuji , Staykov Aleksandar , Yamauchi Miho , Horita Zenji , Fuji Masayoshi
Published: September 2017

High-pressure rocksalt ZnO with a band gap of 1.8 eV, which can absorb visible light.
Heteroaggregation behavior of graphene oxide on Zr-based metal–organic frameworks in aqueous solutions: a combined experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Li Jie , Wu Qunyan , Wang Xiangxue , Chai Zhifang , Shi Weiqun , Hou Jing , Hayat Tasawar , Alsaedi Ahmed , Wang Xiangke
Published: September 2017

Electrostatic attractions combined with the non-negligible π–π interactions, hydrogen bonding and acid–base interactions lead to the heteroaggregation between GO and Zr based MOFs.
Ultrathin nanoporous membranes derived from protein-based nanospheres for high-performance smart molecular filtration
Authors: Chen Ting , Duan Ming , Shi Peng , Fang Shenwen
Published: September 2017

Flexible ultrathin nanoporous membranes composed of closely packed nanospheres with diameters of ∼11 nm are fabricated from natural Bombyx mori silk fibroin via a vacuum filtration process.
Sequential controlled-released dual-drug loaded scaffold for guided bone regeneration in a rat fenestration defect model
Authors: Guo Zhenzhao , Bo Dongying , He Ping , Li Hong , Wu Gang , Li Zhizhong , Zhou Changren , Li Qiyan
Published: September 2017

A 3D multifunctional scaffold, which combines the merits of osseous regeneration and local anti-inflammatory drug delivery, has been developed for GBR.
Ultrahigh-yield synthesis of N-doped carbon nanodots that down-regulate ROS in zebrafish
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Baoqiang , Li Li , Xu Feng , Xu Zheheng , Wei Daqing , Feng Yujie , Wang Yaming , Jia Dechang , Zhou Yu
Published: September 2017

Carbon–carbon double bond-boosted ultrahigh-yield synthesis of N-doped CNDs that shown protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress, which offered significant therapeutic approaches aiming at preventing and curing age-induced injuries such as neurodegeneration, diabetes and cancer.
Selective isolation and eradication of E. coli associated with urinary tract infections using anti-fimbrial modified magnetic reduced graphene oxide nanoheaters
Authors: Halouane Fatima , Jijie Roxana , Meziane Dalila , Li Chengnan , Singh Santosh K. , Bouckaert Julie , Jurazek Jean , Kurungot Sreekumar , Barras Alexandre , Li Musen , Boukherroub Rabah , Szunerits Sabine
Published: September 2017

The fast and efficient elimination of pathogenic bacteria from water, food or biological samples such as blood remains a challenging task.
Probing the molecular weight dependent intramolecular interactions in single molecules of PCDTBT
Authors: Shao Beiyue , Vanden Bout David A.
Published: September 2017

Push–pull conjugated polymers have shown high performance in organic photovoltaic devices and yet, there have been fewer studies of the fundamental structure–property relationship in this class of materials compared to prototypical conjugated homopolymers MEH-PPV and P3HT.
Solution-processable highly efficient deep-red and orange organic light-emitting diodes based on multi-functional Ir(iii) complexes
Authors: Cho Woosum , Sarada Ganguri , Maheshwaran Athithan , Gal Yeong-Soon , Nam Yeonsig , Yong Lee Jin , Jin Sung-Ho
Published: September 2017

Linking the hole transporting/electron transporting functional moieties to the Ir(iii) complex is a key strategy to improve performance of PhOLEDs.
FDTD modeling of photonic crystal-incorporated gold nanoparticles for enhancing the localized electric field
Authors: Mu Zhongde , Gu Hongcheng , Zhang Bin , Zheng Jiajun , Zhai Zhenyu , He Xia , Zhao Yuanjin
Published: September 2017

Simulations elucidated that with the aid of photonic crystal, AuNP(s) induced stronger localized electric field than AuNP(s) alone.
From B to A: making an essential cofactor in a human parasite
Authors: Morrissette Naomi S. , Goulding Celia W.
Published: September 2017

Trypanosomatids are parasitic eukaryotic organisms that cause human disease. These organisms have complex lifestyles; cycling between vertebrate and insect hosts and alternating between two morphologies; a replicating form and an infective, nonreplicating one. Because trypanosomatids are one of the few organisms that do not synthesize the essential cofactor, heme, these parasites sequester the most common form, heme B, from their hosts. Once acquired, the parasites derivatize heme B to heme A by two sequential enzyme reactions. Although heme C is found in many cytochrome c and c1 proteins, heme A is the cofactor of only one known protein, cytochrome c oxidase (CcO). In a recent issue of the Biochemical Journal, Merli et al. [Biochem. J. (2017) 474, 2315–2332] demonstrate that the final step in the synthesis of heme A by heme A synthase (TcCox15) and the subsequent activity of CcO are essential for infectivity and replication of Trypanosoma cruzi.
Activation mechanisms of the E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin
Authors: Panicker Nikhil , Dawson Valina L. , Dawson Ted M.
Published: September 2017

Monogenetic, familial forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) only account for 5–10% of the total number of PD cases, but analysis of the genes involved therein is invaluable to understanding PD-associated neurodegenerative signaling. One such gene, parkin, encodes a 465 amino acid E3 ubiquitin ligase. Of late, there has been considerable interest in the role of parkin signaling in PD and in identifying its putative substrates, as well as the elucidation of the mechanisms through which parkin itself is activated. Its dysfunction underlies both inherited and idiopathic PD-associated neurodegeneration. Here, we review recent literature that provides a model of activation of parkin in the setting of mitochondrial damage that involves PINK1 (PTEN-induced kinase-1) and phosphoubiquitin. We note that neuronal parkin is primarily a cytosolic protein (with various non-mitochondrial functions), and discuss potential cytosolic parkin activation mechanisms.
Sliding mode control for non‐linear networked control systems subject to packet disordering via prediction method
Authors: Lian Bosen , Zhang Qingling , Li Jinna
Published: September 2017

This study investigates sliding mode control (SMC) for non‐linear networked control systems (NCSs) subject to packet disordering as well as external disturbances. The main objectives of the proposed method are to predict packet disordering and to stabilise the NCSs in case of the unknown packet disordering in the future. Firstly, linearisation of non‐linear systems and the technology of adopting the newest control input with a stochastic parameter are employed to model the system as a linear Markovian jumping system. Secondly, with the application of a time series prediction model, the phenomenon of disordering better under the novel measurement is portrayed. Then, robust SMC is designed by solving the linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, examples with sampled disordering packets are simulated to illustrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.
Accepting performance degradation analysis of switched systems
Authors: Li Hong , Yang Hao , Jiang Bin
Published: September 2017

A new concept of accepting performance degradation, which evaluated by converging rate and stability, is proposed for switched systems. The relation between the converging rate of the whole switched system and the eigenvalues of each subsystem is established, based on which the accepting performance degradation is evaluated quantitatively in the presence of process and actuator faults. The derived results are further verified by the simulation of an application to the highly manoeuvrable technology vehicle model.