bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pedal grasping in the northern smooth-tailed treeshrew Dendrogale murina (Tupaiidae, Scandentia): insights for euarchontan pedal evolution
Authors: Youlatos Dionisios , Karantanis Nikolaos Evangelos , Panyutina Aleksandra
Published: January 2016

Pedal grasping evolution in euarchontan mammals is of great importance as it bears on the adaptive significance of specialized hallucal grasping and arboreal niche use related to the group differentiation. Basally divergent arboreal tupaiid treeshrews are very suitable for testing pedal grasping modes and associated substrate correlates and provide insights on euarchontan pedal evolution. For these purposes we filmed wild-caught
Herbert Spencer on Corporate Governance
Authors: Mingardi Alberto
Published: January 2016

Herbert Spencer (1820–1903) wrote on the emergence of railroad corporations and corporate governance matters. Since Spencer is typically considered a staunch libertarian, the fact that he expressed some criticisms over the emergent corporate capitalism might surprise many. But what Spencer did was mainly identifying the so-called “agency problem,” which he considered very much worth addressing, especially in a market economy. Writing on the “railway mania,” Spencer was appalled by fraudulent schemes. But he did not consider them an inevitable feature of the capitalist economy. He focused on the institutional dimension of conflict of interests within the then-emerging corporation, and suggested to uphold freedom of contract in its strictest meaning, as to offset those. Spencer’s theory may be seen as a pure freedom of contract answer to agency problems, that stands in striking contrast with theories – such as Adolf Berle and Gardiner Means’s – that stresses the need for a technocratic solution, to make corporate capitalism viable in society.
Coase on the Coase Theorem, “The Social Cost Controversy”
Authors: Mohrman Henry
Published: January 2016

What did Coase teach about “The Social Cost Controversy” in the classroom? In 1972, an important year in the development of the economic approach to law, Coase taught “The Problem of Social Cost” and some important critiques of it, making his classroom a model of the market for ideas. Coase stressed the importance of his proposal for a new welfare economics, in which the opportunity cost of alternateve proposals would be examined, taking transaction costs into account. He used court cases to provide real world examples where transaction costs could be considered. He also presented a comprehensive critique of Pigou and his followers. Coase demonstrated that the nineteenth Century in Britain was not a period of unregulated laissez faire but a time when harmful effects were governed by the common law of nuisance. Accordingly, he advocated neither laissez faire nor government regulation in principle as a solution to problems of harmful effects. Instead, he proposed that problems of harmful effects be examined in their institutional settings considering the cost of transactions, examining the costs and benefits of alternative institutional arrangements. The cases he chose generally involved technical innovation which produced new benefits as well as harmful effects, producing many insights into how society responds to innovation. Coase taught “The Social Cost Controversy” in order to propose his new welfare economics. However, the content of this portion of his course had many practical applications for his students.
Uncertainty: Blessing or Curse?
Authors: Machovec Frank M.
Published: January 2016

The concepts of free will and uncertainty are inseparably intertwined. This interdisciplinary essay, instead of expounding upon the technical difference between risk and uncertainty (as classically delineated by Frank Knight), assumes that both words bring to mind the same general idea to a layperson, namely, something that’s not certain to occur but may occur, whether or not the precise degree of likelihood can be calculated. With this simplification as a given, the article proceeds to analyze, first, the cultural perspective that’s a prerequisite to the existence of a belief in free will; second, the role of the limits of human knowledge in constraining the efficacy of the quest to battle uncertainty by building models of predictability and control in the physical sciences versus the social sciences; and third (and finally), the negative implications for capital-market health of attempting to satisfy, through the adoption of public policies of redress and entitlement based on a Rawlsian system of fairness, the alleged yearning by individuals to obviate distributional uncertainty.
Experimental Investigation Of Heat Transfer Characteristics Of Nanofluid Using Parallel Flow, Counter Flow And Shell And Tube Heat Exchanger
Authors: Dharmalingam R. , Sivagnanaprabhu K.K. , Yogaraja J. , Gunasekaran S. , Mohan R.
Published: January 2016

Cooling is indispensable for maintaining the desired performance and reliability over a very huge variety of products like electronic devices, computer, automobiles, high power laser system etc. Apart from the heat load amplification and heat fluxes caused by many industrial products, cooling is one of the major technical challenges encountered by the industries like manufacturing sectors, transportation, microelectronics, etc. Normally water, ethylene glycol and oil are being used as the fluid to carry away the heat in these devices. The development of nanofluid generally shows a better heat transfer characteristics than the water. This research work summarizes the experimental study of the forced convective heat transfer and flow characteristics of a nanofluid consisting of water and 1% Al2O3 (volume concentration) nanoparticle flowing in a parallel flow, counter flow and shell and tube heat exchanger under laminar flow conditions. The Al2O3 nanoparticles of about 50 nm diameter are used in this work. Three different mass flow rates have been selected and the experiments have been conducted and their results are reported. This result portrays that the overall heat transfer coefficient and dimensionless Nusselt number of nanofluid is slightly higher than that of the base liquid at same mass flow rate at same inlet temperature. From the experimental result it is clear that the overall heat transfer coefficient of the nanofluid increases with an increase in the mass flow rate. It shows that whenever mass flow rate increases, the overall heat transfer coefficient along with Nusselt number eventually increases irrespective of flow direction. It was also found that during the increase in mass flow rate LMTD value ultimately decreases irrespective of flow direction.

However, shell and tube heat exchanger provides better heat transfer characteristics than parallel and counter flow heat exchanger due to multi pass flow of nanofluid. The overall heat transfer coefficient, Nusselt number and logarithmic mean temperature difference of the water and Al2O3 /water nanofluid are also studied and the results are plotted graphically.
3D Rekonstruktion der Flügeloberfläche eines Lannerfalken mit einem stereoskopischen Kamerasystem
Authors: Heinold Martin , Kähler Christian J.
Published: January 2016

In diesem Beitrag wird die dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion einer
gewölbten, texturierten Flügeloberfläche eines im Windkanal frei fliegenden
Lannerfalken mit Hilfe eines Stereo Kamerasystems vorgestellt. Die Verwendung
zweier Kameras ermöglicht die Ermittlung der Korrespondenz gesuchter
Oberflächenpunkte in beiden Kamerabildern und die anschließende Triangulation
der Korrespondenzpaare in räumliche Koordinaten. Die Bestimmung der
zusammengehörenden Bildpunktpaare erfolgt durch Ermittlung des
Verschiebungsfeldes zwischen den Kameras mit Hilfe eines Semi-Global Block
Matching Algorithmus. Zur Reduktion der Komplexität werden die Bilder anhand
der Epipolar Geometrie entzerrt. Die Analyse zeigt, dass sich mit diesen
Methoden die Struktur der Oberfläche eines Lannerfalken im Schlagflug und die
Bewegung innerhalb einer Zeitsequenz mit hinreichender Genauigkeit für
aerodynamische Analysen rekonstruieren lassen.
Optische Erfassung und Analyse der Faserwelligkeit gebogener
Faser-Thermoplast-Verbunde
Authors: Kosse Philipp , Soemer Evelyne , Schmitt Robert , Engel Bernd , Deitmerg Jonas
Published: January 2016

Bei der Formung von
Faser-Thermoplast-Verbunden (FTV)
ändert sich, aufgrund der angreifenden
Formkräfte und der verschiedenen Reaktionen der Einzelkomponenten im
Verbund darauf, die Position und Ausrichtung der Fasern
im Matrixwerkstoff. Für
FTV-Biegeprozesse mit dem Bogenverlauf in Richtung der
Faserausrichtung entsteht so u. a.
eine sichtbare Welligkeit der Fasern. Ein mögliches
Verfahren zur optischen Auswertung der Welligkeit an den Oberflächen der
Innen- und Außenbögen wird daher
untersucht. Zur Bildgebung wird ein robotergeführtes
Lichtschnittverfahren eingesetzt, um im ersten Schritt
die Geometrie der Proben zu erfassen. Anschließend
wird die Textur aufgenommen und mit der Geometrie
fusioniert. Am entstanden Bauteilmodell wird die
Länge der lokalen Faserverläufe ermittelt, um
aus dem Quotienten der Faserlänge zur Bogenlänge innerhalb eines
Messkorridors eine relative Kennzahl für die Welligkeit
abzuleiten. Die Ergebnisse werden mit geometrisch
möglichen Werten abgeglichen und zur Beurteilung des Beitrags der
Welligkeit zur Bogenlängenkompensation herangezogen.
Eine erste Validierung der Analyse erfolgt über
Wiederholungsversuche, die zeigen,
dass das vorgestellte Verfahren prinzipiell geeignet
ist, Welligkeiten über Faserlängenänderungen
zu erfassen.
60 YEARS OF POMC: From the prohormone theory to pro-opiomelanocortin and to proprotein convertases (PCSK1 to PCSK9)
Authors: Chrétien Michel , Mbikay Majambu
Published: January 2016

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), is a polyprotein expressed in the pituitary and the brain where it is proteolytically processed into peptide hormones and neuropeptides with distinct biological activities. It is the prototype of multipotent prohormones. The prohormone theory was first suggested in 1967 when Chrétien and Li discovered γ-lipotropin and observed that (i) it was part of β-lipotropin (β-LPH), a larger polypeptide characterized 2 years earlier and (ii) its C-terminus was β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH). This discovery led them to propose that the lipotropins might be related biosynthetically to the biologically active β-MSH in a precursor to end product relationship. The theory was widely confirmed in subsequent years. As we celebrate the 50th anniversary of the sequencing of β-LPH, we reflect over the lessons learned from the sequencing of those proteins; we explain their extension to the larger POMC precursor; we examine how the theory of precursor endoproteolysis they inspired became relevant for vast fields in biology; and how it led, after a long and arduous search, to the novel proteolytic enzymes called proprotein convertases. This family of nine enzymes plays multifaceted functions in growth, development, metabolism, endocrine, and brain functions. Their genetics has provided many insights into health and disease. Their therapeutic targeting is foreseeable in the near future. Thus, what started five decades ago as a theory based on POMC fragments, has opened up novel and productive avenues of biological and medical research, including, for our own current interest, a highly intriguing hypocholesterolemic Gln152His PCSK9 mutation in French-Canadian families.
La doctrina de las razones seminales asumida por Duns Escoto
Authors: Mayocchi Enrique Santiago
Published: January 2016

La doctrina de las rationes seminales propuesta por el Doctor de Hipona fue para muchos pensadores un refugio que permite explicar la generación en el mundo físico. Duns Escoto retoma el pensamiento agustiniano, y analiza las posturas que le precedieron. El Doctor Sutil desarrolla una respuesta propia, que lo lleva a completar su doctrina de los elementos y explicar la generación natural derivando el tema, en perspectiva antropológica, hacia la creación del alma racional en un cuerpo. En el presente trabajo analizaremos los diferentes pasajes de la obra escotista donde se profundiza este tema, y también incluiremos algunas referencias a su teoría de la causalidad en el mundo natural.http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/ag.35.1.2321
La equívoca llamada de Alain Badiou a una militancia filosófica
Authors: Lazo Pablo
Published: January 2016

En el artículo se defiende una lectura doble de la propuesta ético-política de Alain Badiou: por una parte, en tanto que su descripción del acontecimiento abre la posibilidad de una resignificación del campo social en su conjunto, y de una resistencia política plausible, por otra parte la derivación de esta resignicación hacia la ética tiende a formalizarse al extremo y así a caer en una posición inoperante justo en el medio político y social en el que pretendía una renovación. De aquí que su apuesta por una militancia de filósofos acabe por ser equívoca, pues no aclara el papel táctico que tendría dicha militancia.http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/ag.35.1.2364
David Hume sobre los valores estéticos. Hacia una interpretación objetivista
Authors: Arrieta Urtizberea Agustín
Published: January 2016

Partiendo de la descripción subjetivista que Noël Carroll hace de las ideas estéticas de David Hume en On Criticism, propongo una interpretación objetivista de las mismas. Para ello, muestro que hay cierta confusión en la obra del filósofo escocés cuando vincula los valores estéticos (y éticos) con las cualidades secundarias lockeanas. Creemos que esa vinculación requiere de cierto esclarecimiento. Para ello me apoyo en distinciones ya clásicas propuestas por Kripke. A partir de ahí, muestro que Hume es más objetivista de lo que Carroll y otros autores interpretan. Finalmente señalo en qué sentido Hume, a pesar del objetivismo, sigue siendo un sentimentalista en lo que a los valores se refiere.http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/ag.35.1.2365
Tres discursos eróticos y dos concepciones anímicas en el Fedro de Platón
Authors: Lavilla de Lera Jonathan
Published: January 2016

El presente artículo ofrece un análisis comparado de los tres discursos del Fedro de Platón. El objetivo es mostrar que, pese a lo sugerido por Sócrates en algunos pasajes, ninguno de los tres discursos es totalmente erróneo, ni existe una contradicción irresoluble entre sus tesis. Al contrario, una lectura atenta permite comprender que si bien las diferentes tesis ofrecidas son parciales, el diálogo se desarrolla en tal forma que invita a lector a integrar y superarlas en una visión sintética y menos reduccionista de qué son el éros y el alma.http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/ag.35.1.2381
La sociedad de masas en el pensamiento de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Monfort Prades Juan Manuel
Published: January 2016

En estas líneas se pretende profundizar en una de las claves interpretativas más relevantes de la obra de Arendt. El concepto de masa atraviesa toda su obra y nos puede ayudar a comprenderla. Partiendo de una de las definiciones se analizarán los orígenes y las graves consecuencias del ascenso de las masas, para llegar al desarrollo del concepto en sus múltiples dimensiones. Finalmente se habla de lo que cabe esperar tras esta situación y de la importancia del pensamiento en el futuro.http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/ag.35.1.2382
El alma tiránica de Alcibíades en el Banquete de Platón
Authors: Bieda Esteban
Published: January 2016

Los hechos narrados en el Banquete de Platón tienen lugar en el año 416 a.C. Situado en el año siguiente, Tucídides destaca un aspecto puntual de la personalidad del Alcibíades histórico: sus supuestas aspiraciones tiránicas. ¿Existe alguna manera de vincular al amante del Banquete con el proto tirano de Tucídides? En el presente trabajo proponemos que la clave para explicar la complejidad del Alcibíades de Banquete radica en la descripción del alma del hombre-tiránico de República VIII-IX. Para ello, en primer lugar haremos una semblanza del célebre general ateniense según los testimonios de Tucídides y Plutarco; en segundo lugar, expondremos las características del alma tiránica tal como es descripta en República; finalmente, integraremos todos estos elementos a fin de interpretar las palabras de Alcibíades en el Banquete, intentando mostrar cómo Platón deja entrever allí, sutilmente, las características tiránicas o proto tiránicas de su alma.http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/ag.35.1.2405
Lojaliųjų paieškos: vienos Valstybės saugumo departamento 1939 metų pažymos vertinimo klausimu
Authors: Kaubrys Saulius
Published: January 2016

Šiame straipsnyje, remiantis Lietuvos valstybės saugumo departamento 1939 m. kovo 1 d. pažymos „Lietuvos vokiečių kultūrinės ir ekonominės padėties duomenys 1938 m.“ analize, pateiktas dalinis vokiečių bendruomenei priskirtų lojalumo dimensijų vertinimas. Įvertinus suvestinėje fiksuotų lojalumo charakteristikų visumą ir pritaikius logistinės regresijos modelį, nustatyta, kad vokiečių moterų lojalumo šansai buvo didesni nei vokiečių vyrų. Taip pat teigiama, kad Pietų Lietuvos vokiečių bendruomenės lojalumo šansai buvo mažiausi, o palankiausi lojalumo šansai susiklostė Vidurio Lietuvos vokiečių bendruomenės atveju.
Third Reality of Soviet Times
Authors: Grišinaitė Rūta
Published: January 2016

Rec.: Ainė Ramonaitė (moksl. red.), Nematoma sovietmečio visuomenė,Vilnius: Naujasis Židinys-Aidai, 2015, 387 p.
Front Matter
Authors: Matter Front
Published: January 2016

DOI: 10.15408/etk.v14i1.2266
Are We All Archaeologists Now?
Authors: Holtorf Cornelius
Published: January 2016

The claim that “we are all archaeologists now” extends existing commitments to include into archaeological discussions the views of local communities, researchers in other disciplines, amateur researchers (citizen scientists) and other important stakeholders such as indigenous populations. However, far from all would agree that such inclusivity is indeed appropriate or sensible. The present Forum debating the question whether or not “we are all archaeologists now” demonstrates not only the diversity of viable perspectives on the practice of archaeology but also the variety of possible means of expression and indeed the vitality of archaeological questions in many realms of contemporary society. Contributions have been submitted from around the world and they encompass disciplinary perspectives from archaeology, art, architecture, Urban Studies, design, sociology and anthropology, as well as very personal accounts involving sickness, music and homelessness.
Computertomographische Anatomie der Speicheldrüsen der Katze
Authors: Köhler C. , Piesnack S. , Oechtering G. , Ludewig E. , Fromme V.
Published: January 2016

Gegenstand und Ziel: Im computertomographischen Nativbild sollten anatomische Schnittbildmerkmale für die Speicheldrüsen der Katze definiert und Landmarken für eine sichere Identifikation beschrieben werden. Material und Methoden: Untersucht wurden die Köpfe ausgewachsener normozephaler Katzen ohne Hinweis auf Erkrankungen des Kopfes. Im prospektiven Anteil der Studie fand die Untersuchung bei 16 Katzen innerhalb der ersten Stunde post mortem statt, im retrospektiven Teil gelangten vorhandene computertomographische Datensätze zur Beurteilung (n = 25). Die Auswertung der Ergebnisse beider Gruppen erfolgte getrennt. Zunächst wurde die Möglichkeit der Identifizierung und Abgrenzbarkeit der Speicheldrüsen gegenüber dem umliegenden Gewebe beurteilt. Als Landmarken wurden anatomische Strukturen im Bereich des Kopfes beschrieben. Am Transversal- und Sagittalschnitt wurden Größe und Dichtewerte (Hounsfield Units, HU) bestimmt. Ergebnisse: 94,3% der Glandulae parotideae, 90,7% der Glandulae mandibulares sowie 96,8% der Glandulae zygomaticae konnten abgegrenzt werden. Weitere Speicheldrüsen ließen sich nicht identifizieren. Anatomische Landmarken wie äußerer Gehörgang, M. masseter, M. pterygoideus medialis und Bulbus oculi ermöglichten die Zuordnung. Im Größenvergleich der Speicheldrüsen beider Gruppen ergaben sich bei der lateromedialen und rostrokaudalen Messung Unterschiede von maximal 2 mm. Die abgrenzbaren Speicheldrüsen unterschieden sich in ihrer Dichte signifikant. Die mittleren Dichtewerte lagen für die Glandula (Gl.) parotis bei 65 HU, für die (Gl.) mandibularis bei 62 HU und für die (Gl.) zygomatica bei 57 HU. Beim Seitenvergleich der Dichtewerte zeigte sich kein signifikanter Unterschied. Schlussfolgerungen: Die großen Speicheldrüsen (Gl. parotis, Gl. mandibularis) und die Gl. zygomatica der Katze sind computertomographisch sicher identifizierbar. Es konnten Landmarken und Angaben über die Größe und Dichte der einzelnen Drüsen beschrieben werden. Die kleinen Speicheldrüsen lassen sich im Nativbild nicht abgrenzen. Die unterschiedliche Darstellbarkeit beruht vor allem auf dem fehlenden Kontrast der Drüsen zum umliegenden Gewebe.
Subkutane Taenia-crassiceps-Zystizerkose bei einem Hund mit Cushing-Syndrom
Authors: Strube C. , Brämer C. , Baumgärtner W. , Wohlsein P. , Nolte A.
Published: January 2016

Der Fall eines am Cushing-Syndrom erkrankten männlichen, 12 Jahre alten Cairn Terriers mit zwei therapieresistenten subkutanen Entzündungen wurde pathomorphologisch und parasitologisch aufgearbeitet. In der Unterhaut lagen eitrig-nekrotisierende, teils histiozytäre Entzündungen mit Kavernenbildungen vor. Intraläsional waren ca. 1–4 mm große, weiß-graue Zysten und hakenförmige Strukturen nachweisbar. Morphologisch und molekularbiologisch wurden die Zysten als Cysticercus longicollis identifiziert. In der Adenohypophyse wurde ein infiltrativ wachsendes Karzinom festgestellt. Cysticercus longicollis ist die Finne von Taenia (T.) crassiceps, ein Bandwurm von Füchsen und Kojoten. Typische Zwischenwirte stellen Kleinnager dar, in denen sich die Finne in den Körperhöhlen und der Subkutis entwickelt. Aber auch bei Haustieren und sogar dem Menschen als Fehlzwischenwirt sind subkutane Zystizerkosen bei Infektionen mit Eiern von T. crassiceps bekannt. Eine pathogenetische Bedeutung könnte im dargestellten Fall eine Immunsuppression durch das wahrscheinlich durch den Hypophysentumor verursachte Cushing-Syndrom gehabt haben.
Fomesafen Programs for Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control in Sweetpotato
Authors: Barkley Susan L. , Chaudhari Sushila , Jennings Katherine M. , Schultheis Jonathan R. , Meyers Stephen L. , Monks David W.
Published: January 2016

Studies were conducted in 2012 and 2013 to determine the effect of fomesafen based Palmer amaranth control program in ‘Covington' and ‘Evangeline' sweetpotato cultivars. Treatments consisted of fomesafen pretransplant alone at 0.20, 0.28, 0.36, 0.42, 0.56, and 0.84 kg ai ha−1or followed by (fb)S-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ai ha−10 to 7 d after transplanting (DAP), fomesafen at 0.28 kg ha−1fbS-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−114 DAP, flumioxazin pretransplant at 0.105 kg ai ha−1,S-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−10 to 7 DAP, clomazone at 0.63 kg ha−10 to 7 DAP, napropamide at 2.24 kg ha−10 to7 DAP, flumioxazin fbS-metolachlor 0 to 7 DAP, and flumioxazin fb clomazone fbS-metolachlor 14 DAP. Fomesafen pretransplant at 0.28 to 0.84 kg ha−1alone or followed byS-metolachlor at 1.12 kg ha−10 to 7 DAP provided 80 to 100% Palmer amaranth control without reduction of yield and significant (< 13%) injury in Covington and Evangeline sweetpotato. Flumioxazin alone or fbS-metolachlor and flumioxazin fb clomazone fbS-metolachlor provided Palmer amaranth control (≥ 95%) with little injury (≤ 5%) and similar yield to the weed-free check. Clomazone alone did not cause injury, but controlled only 24 to 32% of Palmer amaranth at 50 DAP, which resulted in reduced no. 1, marketable, and total sweetpotato yield. Napropamide provided inconsistent control of Palmer amaranth in both years; therefore jumbo and total sweetpotato yield was reduced as compared to the weed-free check in 2012. Palmer amaranth control, sweetpotato cultivar tolerance, and yield in treatments with fomesafen fbS-metolachlor were similar to flumioxazin fbS-metolachlor. In conclusion, a herbicide program consisting of pretransplant fomesafen (0.28 to 0.42 kg ha−1) fbS-metolachlor (1.12 kg ha−1) is a potential option to control Palmer amaranth without causing significant injury and yield reduction in sweetpotato.
Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Stage I Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Verma Vivek , Simone Charles B. , Zhen Weining
Published: January 2016

Although the use of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for stage I small cell lung cancer is in its infancy, there are many reasons to believe that with more time and experience, it could emerge as the standard of care in inoperable patients, and perhaps even have equipoise with surgery for operable patients. Reporting of modeling studies and as much clinical data as possible are very much needed.
YANAPAY : SISTEMA DE EVACUACIÓN BASADO EN TECNOLOGÍA RFID Y DISPOSITIVOS ANDROID
Authors: Ludeña-González Patricia Jeanneth
Published: January 2016

Estudios recientes sobre el uso de herramientas tecnológicas en situaciones de emergencia determinan que éstas contribuyen notoriamente al éxito de los planes de evacuación; por ello en los últimos años se han propuesto diferentes iniciativas, principalmente en cuanto a solventar la disponibilidad de información de rutas de escape y estados de alerta. YANAPAY es un sistema de evacuación desarrollado para dispositivos móviles Android que brinda asistencia personalizada en situaciones de emergencia. La aplicación móvil indica al usuario su ubicación dentro del edificio y
la ruta más corta y segura de evacuación. El usuario dispone de dos mecanismos de información, primero las rutas de evacuación calculadas se visualizan sobre planos 2D; y segundo, el sistema envía mensajes de alerta de sitios peligrosos. Los usuarios se monitorean usando tecnología RFID en pasillos, escaleras y salidas de emergencia y
acoplando un módulo de lectura RFID al dispositivo móvil. Periódicamente se actualizan las rutas a través de sensores en pasillos y oficinas, que se conectan a un servidor, por medio de un módulo de adquisición, para que éste, inalámbricamente, actualice los datos del dispositivo móvil. YANAPAY se validó a través de metodologías de pruebas internacionales para cada uno de sus componentes.
Counseling the Fastest Growing Population in America: Those with Multiple Heritage Backgrounds
Authors: Henriksen Richard C. , Maxwell Michael J.
Published: January 2016

The multiple heritage (i.e., multiracial, biracial) population has been identified by the US Census Bureau as the fastest growing population in the US. With this growth, there is also the diversity of those in multiple heritage families and with multiple heritage backgrounds. In this article, the authors describe the challenges faced by this population, the individual identity development process, and ways of helping individuals at different developmental levels along with their families. There is also an introduction to the new Competencies for Counseling the Multiracial Population (Kenney et al., 2015).
Psychological characteristics of the rules of subordination within the cultural and historical analysis
Authors: Budyakova T.P.
Published: January 2016

The article examines the psychology of submission. Given psychological characteristic standards of submission historically embodied in the moral codes and legal sources. The subject of analysis are historical regulations XII—XX centuries, the customs, in which the fixed rate of submission, as well as the memoir literature. There are four basic psychological lines of development in the history of the rules of subordination, in particular: a special regulation of the rules of subordination and increasing social importance of the role of subordinate. It is proved that psychological acceptance of a subordinate role and the satisfaction of its implementation includes the requirement of special rules regulating authority and emphasis on the social importance of the role of subordinate. It was established that one of the reasons that the job satisfaction of employees of state structures higher than employees of private companies, a large schema definition of relations with management. Hierarchical role is considered in terms of two components: the role of attributes and rules, rules of conduct. The article focuses on the fact that the individual external signs, locking status subordination, increase the level of self-esteem of subordinate.
Writing Performance of Students with Emotional and/or Behavioral Disabilities
Authors: Gage Nicholas A. , Wilson Joshua , Macsuga-Gage Ashley S.
Published: January 2016

Students with emotional and/or behavioral disabilities (E/BD), including students with emotional disturbance and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, receiving special education services perform significantly worse on academic performance measures than same age peers. Researchers have focused on reading and math performance while less is known about the writing performance of students with E/BD. We examined the writing performance of students with E/BD and compared their writing performance with that of students without disabilities. In addition, we examined the mediating effect of reading performance on differential writing performance for students with E/BD and typical peers. A sample of 114 students with E/BD was compared with both a full sample of 3,187 typical students and 114 students matched with the E/BD students using propensity score matching. Students were compared on their writing and reading performance on the Connecticut State Mastery Test. Results indicate that students with E/BD perform significantly worse than propensity score-matched peers in writing. Mediation analyses indicate that reading performance accounts for ~60% of the total variance of writing performance for students with E/BD. Implications and future directions for researchers are discussed.
Intensive Instruction to Improve Writing for Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Mastropieri Margo A. , Scruggs Thomas E.
Published: January 2016

In the past decade, the amount of instructional research on writing for students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) has increased dramatically. Researchers find that students with EBD greatly improve their writing skills when they are systematically taught to write using metacognitive strategies with embedded self-regulation strategies. Researchers also have demonstrated that, in many cases, the intensity and duration of instruction required for these students to be successful is significantly longer and more intense that what is typically provided in schools. This manuscript summarizes major findings and provides direction for future researchers and practice.
Comparison of Students with Emotional and/or Behavioral Disorders as Classified by Their School Districts
Authors: Mattison Richard E.
Published: January 2016

This study of 182 secondary special education students with emotional and/or behavioral disorders investigated their classification by their school districts, in particular how well they were distinguished and represented by their federal categories. The districts used four classification groups (emotional disturbance, other health impairment learning disability, and multiple disabilities), which were then compared on demographics, IQ and achievement scores, and teacher ratings of emotional and behavioral problems. Students in the four groups were significantly different only on IQ and achievement scores, but not on demographics or on emotional or behavioral problems. Criterion-based definitions were developed for the four categories. While showing little differentiation between or within the original categories, the definitions showed that 43% of the students appeared to have multiple disabilities (i.e., complex presentations of emotional/internalizing, behavioral/externalizing, ADHD, and/or learning disabilities). Based on these findings, a potential new special education category was investigated that could enhance the accurate characterization of these students for improved treatment planning, as the current classification process appears inadequate for such students.
Assessing and Treating Stereotypical Behaviors in Classrooms Using a Functional Approach
Authors: Bruhn Allison L. , Balint-Langel Kinga , Troughton Leonard , Langan Sean , Lodge Kelsey , Kortemeyer Sara
Published: January 2016

For years, the assumption has been that stereotypical behaviors functioned only to provide sensory or automatic reinforcement. However, these behaviors also may serve social functions. Given the unsettled debate, functional behavior assessment and functional analysis can be used to identify the exact function of stereotypical behavior and design an intervention matched to that function. In these two studies, we conducted functional behavior assessments on two high school students exhibiting stereotypical behaviors. Although the students’ behaviors were topographically and functionally different, function-based interventions appeared effective in reducing these behaviors for both students. Key findings and limitations are discussed for each study, and a general discussion across studies is provided.
A Comparison of Functional Behavioral Assessment and Functional Analysis Methodology among Students with Mild Disabilities
Authors: Lewis Timothy J. , Mitchell Barbara S. , Harvey Kristin , Green Ambra , Mckenzie Jennifer
Published: January 2016

Functional behavioral assessment (FBA) and functional analyses (FA) are grounded in the applied behavior analysis principle that posits problem behavior is functionally related to the environment in which it occurs and is maintained by either providing access to reinforcing outcomes or allowing the individual to avoid or escape that which they find aversive. Previous research has pointed to the limitations across FBA methodologies in comparison to the direct experimental trials used in FA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree to which hypotheses generated by common FBA strategies (i.e., interview, rating scale, and direct observation) match hypotheses generated through FA trials. Results of a multiphase descriptive study indicated that traditional school personnel with behavioral expertise were able to generate FBA hypotheses that were later confirmed by independent review and largely aligned with FA outcomes. The impact of the findings for the field and implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Nathaniel Hawthorne y el primer traductor inglés de la Biblia
Authors: Lanero Fernández Juan J.
Published: January 2016

Cuando Nathaniel Hawthorne noveló su experiencia Brook Farm en The Blithedale Romance, llamó a su narrador y personaje principal Miles Coverdale primer traductor de una versión completa de la Biblia en inglés
Semiótica de capas o el secreto deseancanto de la burguesía. Análisis de la conversación, proxémica y elementos no verbales como elementos estructurantes del relato en Moderato contabile de Margarita Duras
Authors: Giudici Fernández Beatriz
Published: January 2016

A partir del análisis de la conversación, la proxémica y los elementos no verbales, este artículo pretende demostrar cómo Margarita Duras, autora de Moderato Cantabile, logra transformar la historia central en argumento, a partir de la superposición de capas narrativas, todas ellas caracterizadas por un mismo
lugar y tiempo y dos actantes.
Juan Carlos Abril. Lecturas de oro. Un panorama de la poesía española
Authors: Balcells José María
Published: January 2016

Reseña
Undocumented migration in response to climate change
Authors: Nawrotzki Raphael J. , Riosmena Fernando , Hunter Lori M. , Runfola Daniel M.
Published: January 2016

In the face of climate change-induced economic uncertainties, households may em-ploy migration as an adaptation strategy to diversify their livelihood portfolio through remit-tances. However, it is unclear whether such climate-related migration will be documented or undocumented. In this study we combined detailed migration histories with daily temperature and precipitation information from 214 weather stations to investigate whether climate change more strongly impacted undocumented or documented migrations from 68 rural Mexican mu-nicipalities to the U.S. from 1986−1999. We employed two measures of climate change, the warm spell duration index (WSDI) and precipitation during extremely wet days (R99PTOT). Results from multi-level event-history models demonstrated that climate-related international migration from rural Mexico was predominantly undocumented. We conclude that programs to facilitate climate change adaptations in rural Mexico may be more effective in reducing undo-cumented border crossings than increasing border fortification.
William M. Gwin: su proyecto de colonización del noroeste de México (1864-1865)
Authors: Suárez Argüello Ana Rosa
Published: January 2016

Acuerdo  de  Napoleón  III y Gwin,  esclavista sureño y ex senador   por  California   para  colonizar   los  territorios   de  Sonora   y  Chihuahua  con  población  europea,  norte  y sudamericana,  "en beneficio  del imperio  mexicano". El plan  fracasa   por   la  abierta   oposición  de Maximiliano,    que  aspiraba   al reconocimiento  norteamericano   y  temía   avivar  la  oposición  mexicana.
Fragmentos de historia popular III
Authors: Salgado Andrade Eva
Published: January 2016

Recuento  de  una   experiencia   de  difusión popular   de  la  independencia    y revolución mexicanas,  realizada  por  el  Instituto  Mora. El proyecto elaboró   dos  periódicos,  La  independencia/hoy  (1810­1821) y La Revolución/hoy( 1900­1917)  que  recogieron,  además   de  hechos históricos relevantes, aspectos de la vida cotidiana, cultural y artística.
Reseña del libro: "Porfirio Díaz", Beals, Carleton
Authors: Arias Gómez María Eugenia
Published: January 2016

Biografía  basada   en  la vivencia del  autor   e investigaciones    posteriores.    Sostiene  que la verdadera  revolución  fue  la del  porfiriato,  La  Nueva   Era,  sustituida  por  la Era  de sangre    de   las   figuras     de   papel mache, Obregón   y Calles.   Obra   contradictoria   de interpretación     lineal    de  la  historia    mexicana.
Reseña del libro: "Huerta un retrato político", Meyer, Michael C.
Authors: Lau Jaiven Ana
Published: January 2016

Intento  de desmitificación  de una  de las figuras  más  contradictorias   de  la reciente  historia de México,  basado   en amplia  documentación y orientado  hacia  la historia  política,
Reseña del libro: México y España durante la República Restaurada, Pi-Suñer, Antonia, comp.
Authors: García Verástegui Lía
Published: January 2016

La  coincidencia  de  principios   liberales   de ambos   países  en  el  periodo   1867 a 1876. Juárez  y Prim  sustentan  el  restablecimiento   de relaciones diplomáticas,  Resalta  la autora   "el verdadero  interés   que  guardaba  la  reanudación  de relaciones" y los fines  que  perseguía cada  país.  Recopilación  de  documentos  inéditos  en  México  y España,   así como   manejo de materiales hemerográficos.
Cuba: un número clave en la combinación del Caribe
Authors: Cova S. Johnny
Published: January 2016

La  hegemonía   norteamericana    en  el  Caribe,  sufrió   su  primer    deterioro con  la revolución   cubana   y se vio  acentuada  al irrumpir los movimientos revolucionarios   en Nicaragua,  El Salvador   y Granada.  La política  exterior cubana    de  prudencia,   discreción,  así como  su carácter   de potencia  militar desgastan,  aun  mas,  el dominio   sobre  el "patio   trasero".
Las razones del Dr. Mora para la separación de la Iglesia y el Estado
Authors: Rodríguez Lapuente Manuel
Published: January 2016

Opiniones  del destacado   liberal  en torno  a la secularización   de  la  sociedad  y  su  concepción  de  las relaciones   Iglesia­Estado. Aboga por  la separación  en  beneficio  de  la Iglesia, basándose  en argumentos  teológicos   e históricos,  para   los  que  estaba   dotado   por  el carácter  de SU  formación.
La guerra y la paz, o un nuevo refuerzo francés a la derecha mexicana
Authors: González Navarro Moisés
Published: January 2016

Reseña  crítica   sobre   Le Mexique:  de  l'ancien regime a la revolution  de Francois Xavier  Guerra,  Paris,   1985.  El  autor   impugna  el  trata- miento  propuesto  en la obra,  desde  el punto de  vista  ideológico  y metodológico.   Defensor de los antiguos regímenes y detractor  del liberalismo,  Guerra    apoya   su  obra   en  una base  documental  pobre.
La formulación e instrumentación de la política exterior del Brasil (1964-1985)
Authors: Ely Roland
Published: January 2016

Tres  grupos    determinaron   la  política   exte­rior   durante    las  décadas   de  dictadura   mili­tar:  las Fuerzas  Armadas,  la tecnocracia  y el Ministerio  de  Relaciones Exteriores, sin que ninguno    de  ellos  lograra   hegemonizar.  Los "problemas   de seguridad  nacional" seguirán pesando   e impedirán  que  el Brasil  pos dictatorial  se acerque   al Tercer  Mundo
Reseña del libro: San Luis Potosí. Textos de su historia, Enrique Márquez, comp.
Authors: Martínez Assad Carlos
Published: January 2016

Reseña  descriptiva de una  antología sobre  Ia historia    potosina,   desde    1824  a  1925.  EI agrupamiento  temático  de  textos y documentos  conforma   un  "pequeño  archivo"  sobre Ia entidad
Reseña del libro: Jalisco, una historia compartida, Muriá, José María ; Galván, Cándido ; Peregrina, Angélica
Authors: Leñero Vicente
Published: January 2016

Comentario  a una  antología de textos,  cronología y síntesis históricas relativas a la entidad entre 1786 y 1919. Aporte   singular a la historia regional
¿Un modelo de urbanización? La ciudad de México de finales del siglo XIX
Authors: De Gortari Rabiela Hira
Published: January 2016

Análisis  de las tendencias  y decisiones   determinantes  en  el proceso   urbano   contemporáneo.  Destaca  el autor  la importancia  de México  como   capital   política;   explica  diferentes aspectos   como   la  migración,  el  trazado   de calles,  la arquitectura,   medios   de  comunicación,  etc.
La cuestión nacional en Cuba hasta la primera guerra de independencia
Authors: Cassá Roberto
Published: January 2016

Análisis   de   la  formación   de  la  conciencia nacional  cubana, a partir   de  las peculiaridades   de  su  historia    decimonónica.   Sostiene que  el traslado de los conflictos con el poder metropolitano,   desde   el  ámbito   estructural al de  la lucha  social  insurreccional,  permitió la cristalización del ser nacional. Esta constatación  avala su hipótesis  de que las luchas populares  se sobrepusieron  e integraron  en los procesos de independencia,  sin llegar a predominar.
Ariel Rodríguez Kuri (coord.), Historia política de la Ciudad de México (desde su fundación hasta el año 2000), México, Centro de Estudios Históricos-El Colegio de México, 2012.
Authors: Rojas Sosa María
Published: January 2016

.
Las reformas político-administrativas en el Ayuntamiento de la ciudad de México. 1765-1813
Authors: Espinoza Peregrino Martha Leticia
Published: January 2016

El texto estudia los cambios que ocurrieron en la estructura administrativa del Cabildo de la ciudad de México con la visita de José Antonio de Gálvez en 1765 hasta la promulgación de la Instrucción para el gobierno económico-político de las provincias de 1813. Muestra cómo cambió la organización del Ayuntamiento que primero estaba organizado por funciones, luego por tribunales y finalmente en comisiones, sin que se modificara en esencia su objetivo de orden y control de la ciudad. Analiza el establecimiento de regidores honorarios y la creación de la Contaduría de Propios, Arbitrios y Bienes de Comunidad de la ciudad de México, así como el primer impacto constitucional gaditano. Un aspecto muy importante es reconocer que estas disposiciones disminuyeron las facultades del Cabildo, con el fin de mantenerlo como una institución administrativa que fue perdiendo poco a poco sus facultades.
La gruta de Cacahuamilpa: un siglo de historia (1835-1936)
Authors: Gómez-Aguado de Alba Guadalupe C. , Palacio Prieto José Luis
Published: January 2016

A partir de su descubrimiento, la gruta de Cacahuamilpa ha sido un destino común para mexicanos y extranjeros durante casi dos siglos. Sin embargo, los estudios formales sobre ese monumento natural son escasos y en ellos abundan las inexactitudes. A partir de fuentes primarias, artículos periodísticos y libros referidos a la caverna, este trabajo hace un recuento de su historia y ofrece una imagen del México decimonónico y los albores del siglo xx. Las impresiones de los primeros viajeros que recorrieron la caverna, el estado de los caminos; los cambios políticos; la inquietud de formar asociaciones científicas y literarias; la preocupación por la conservación del medioambiente; el desarrollo de las inversiones en infraestructura; las primeras instalaciones de luz eléctrica y, finalmente, la trasformación de Cacahuamilpa en Parque Nacional en 1936, son algunos de los temas abordados en este trabajo. La historia de un célebre monumento natural nos servirá para hacer un recorrido por un siglo de la historia de México.

 
Application of numerical simulation systems for the research of the blade casting process in blank production
Authors:   Samara State Aerospace University, Smelov V. , Vdovin R. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Agapovichev A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: January 2016

The article focuses on the analysis of the results of computer simulation of the process of casting the turbine blade 24.400.538-1, including prediction of occurrence of casting defects. Engineering calculations have been carried out to model the stress-strain state of the casting during solidification and after the knockout of the casting from the mold. The internal structure of the casting was analyzed for the presence of microporosity. The analysis of the results of modeling the process of grain formation in the casting made it possible to predict the size and direction of grain growth in the casting during its crystallization. Thus, on the basis of in-depth research of the group technology of a complex representative of the most loaded turbine blade and the one most difficult to produce local places of occurrence of casting defects were identified and predicted taking into account the obtained results of simulating the casting process. This made it possible to reduce the amount of defects at the stage of actual production by 8% on the average.
Technology of pulsed laser surface coating in pressing tool repair
Authors:   Samara State Aerospace University, Smelov V. , Smelov A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Kyarimov R. ,   Samara State Aerospace University, Agapovichev A. ,   Samara State Aerospace University
Published: January 2016

A pressing tool is a rarther complicated device operated in the conditions of loading of hundreds of tons, periodic temperature gradients of hundreds of degrees, and subject to the influence of corrosives. The paper describes the operation of restoring the geometry of the tool by pulsed laser surface coating with filler metal feed. Laser cladding is carried out on a process installation including a pulse solid-state laser on YAG: Nd with the emission wavelength of 1.06 μm. An algorithm of optimizing the design process is proposed. Using this technique makes it possible to significantly reduce the time of technological preparation of production, as well as the proportion of pilot studies. On the basis of the developed optimization techniques process parameters of laser cladding are selected. Macro- and micro- analysis of the surface under investigation is also carried out. Microhardness of the cross section of the basic material and surface coating is measured for the comparison and evaluation of their properties. The values of hardness (HRC) are chosen according to Rockwell hardness scale taking into account suitable ratios obtained according to Vickers (HV). Measurements of the material hardness are required to identify the ability to resist elastic and plastic deformation or fracture in the case of introducing a harder metal solid that does not take permanent set in the surface layer of the material.