bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to Hedge Against Inflation Risk in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen T. Thanh-Binh
Published: August 2021

Vietnam has experienced galloping inflation and faced serious dollarization since its reform. To effectively control its inflation for promoting price stability, it is necessary to find efficacious leading indicators and the hedging mechanism. Using monthly data over the period from January 1997 to June 2020, this study finds the predictive power and hedge effectiveness of both gold and the US dollar on inflation in the long-run and short-run within the asymmetric framework. Especially, the response of inflation to the shocks of gold price and the US dollar are quick and decisive, disclosing the sensitiveness of inflation to these two variables.
‘I feel that injustice is being done to me’: a qualitative study of women’s viewpoints on the (lack of) reimbursement for social egg freezing
Authors: De Proost Michiel , Coene Gily , Nekkebroeck Julie , Provoost Veerle
Published: August 2021

Background

During the last decade, the possibility for women to cryopreserve oocytes in anticipation of age-related fertility loss, also referred to as social egg freezing, has become an established practice at fertility clinics around the globe. In Europe, there is extensive variation in the costs for this procedure, with the common denominator that there are almost no funding arrangements or reimbursement policies. This is the first qualitative study that specifically explores viewpoints on the (lack of) reimbursement for women who had considered to uptake at least one social egg freezing cycle in Belgium.
Methods

To understand the moral considerations of these women, drawing from twenty-one interviews, this paper integrates elements of a symbiotic empirical ethics approach and thematic analysis.
Results

We identify three themes: (1) From ongoing concern to non-issue; (2) Negotiating the reimbursement for social egg freezing; (3) From fully out-of-pocket to (partial) free good. In the first theme, we found that some women were concerned about the cost of social egg freezing and the lack of clear information about it. Furthermore, they reported moral sentiments of injustice which they attributed to their lack of acknowledgement for their struggles and needs. Other women perceived the reimbursement controversy of social egg freezing as something far removed from their lived experience. The second theme illustrates diverse views on reimbursement, ranging from viewing social egg freezing as an elective treatment unbefitting reimbursement to preferences for greater public responsibility and wider access. Finally, we describe the participants’ varying proposals for partial reimbursement and the idea that it should not be made available for free.
Conclusions

This research adds important empirical insights to the bioethics debate on social egg freezing, in particular by presenting (potential) users’ views on the lack of reimbursement. Based on our results, it seems an oversimplification to portray social egg freezers as merely affluent women who are not concerned about the coverage of egg freezing costs. While there is much more to say about the ethical and political complexities of the reimbursement of this procedure, our study highlighted the voices of (potential) users and showed that at least some of them express a preference or a need for reimbursement.
Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Artemisinin Resistance-Related Pfubp1 and Pfap2mu Genes in Plasmodium Falciparum, Central China
Authors: Cheng Weijia , Wu Kai , Song Xiaonan , Wei Wang , Du Weixing , Li Jian
Published: August 2021

BackgroundMolecular markers for monitoring resistance could help improve malaria treatment policies. Delayed clearance of Plasmodium falciparum by Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs) has been reported in several countries. In addition to the PfKelch13 (pfk13), new drug resistance genes, the ubiquitin-specific protease 1 (pfubp1) and the eadaptor protein complex 2 mu subunit (pfap2mu) have been identified as being linked to ACTs. This study investigated the prevalence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in clinical Plasmodium falciparum isolates pfubp1 and pfap2mu imported from Africa and Southeast Asia (SEA) to Wuhan, China, to provide baseline data for antimalarial resistance monitoring in this region.MethodsPeripheral Blood samples were collected in Wuhan, China, from August 2011 to December 2019. The SNPs of Pfubp1 and pfap2mu of P. falciparum were determined by nested PCR and Sanger sequencing. ResultsIn total, 296 samples were collected. Subsequently, 92.23% (273/296) were successfully amplified and sequenced for the Pfubp1. There were 60.07% (164/273) wild strains and 39.93% (109/273) mutant strains. For the pfap2mu gene, it was divided into three fragments for amplification, 82.77% (245/296), 90.20% (267/296) and 94.59% (280/296) were sequenced successfully respectively. Genotypes reportedly associated with ACTs resistance detected in this study included pfubp1 D1525E as well as E1528D and pfap2mu S160N. The mutation prevalence rates were 10.99% (30/273), 13.19% (36/273) and 11.24% (30/267), respectively. ConclusionsThe existence of mutation sites of known clearance genes detected in the isolates in this study, including D1525E and E1528D in the pfubp1 gene, and S160N in the pfap2mu gene, further proved the risk of ACTs resistance. Constant vigilance is therefore needed to protect the effectiveness of ACTs, and to prevent the spread of drug-resistant P. falciparum. Further studies in malaria-endemic countries are needed to further validate potential genetic markers for monitoring parasite populations in Africa and SEA.
Betaine Ameliorates Hyperosmotic Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy of Porcine Intestinal Epithelium In Vivo and Vitro.
Authors: Xu Shuyi , Lu Shiyi , Wang Haichao , Li Sisi , Feng Jie
Published: July 2021

Background: Hyperosmotic stress resulting from lumen contents is a big challenge to the normal function of the intestinal epithelium. Betaine is a potent organic osmolyte, but it is mostly studied in kidney. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the osmoprotectant role of betaine in intestinal epithelium of piglets and intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2 cells) under hyperosmotic condition.Results: The result showed that the osmolarity of intestinal chyme was much higher than that of plasma (P < 0.05), indicating a natural hyperosmotic environment of intestinal lumen and subsequently leading to hyperosmotic stress to intestinal epithelium. Meanwhile, hyperosmolarity corresponding to intestinal environment was simulated by 150 mmol/L NaCl in vitro and caused a significant decrease of cell viability (P < 0.05). It was found that betaine could remarkably decrease hyperosmolarity-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) of intestinal epithelium in vivo and vitro (P < 0.05) with the significant restoration of cell shrinkage (P < 0.05). Furthermore, since hyperosmolarity caused mitochondrial-related apoptosis with the remarkable increase of cleaved Caspase3, cleaved PARP-1, cytoplasm cytochrome c as well as obvious decrease of Bcl-2 in protein level (P < 0.05), betaine prevented mitochondria from membrane collapse and alleviated apoptosis (P < 0.05) in vivo and vitro. Meanwhile, it was also confirmed that betaine reduced hyperosmotic stress-induced apoptotic incidence in IPEC-J2 cells via fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry (P < 0.05). In addition, betaine supplementation significantly suppressed hyperosmotic stress-induced elevated expression of LC3 II and reduced expression of p62 (P < 0.05). indicating that betaine ameliorated autophagy of porcine intestinal epithelium caused by hyperosmolarity in vivo and vitro. Autophagic flux determined by mRFP-GFP-LC3B system in IPEC-J2 cells was in agreement with the result of western blotting as well (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Betaine could alleviate hyperosmotic stress-induced cell shrinkage, ROS accumulation as well as ameliorate subsequently apoptosis and autophagy in small intestinal epithelium of piglets and IPEC-J2 cells.
A User Preference Tree based Personalized Route Recommendation System for Constraint Tourism and Travel
Authors: U Kanimozhi , Ganapathy Sannasi , D Manjula , Kannan Arputharaj
Published: August 2021

Personalized recommendation systems recommend the target destination based on user-generated data from social media and geo-tagged photos that are currently available as a most pertinent source. This paper proposes a tourism destination recommendation system which uses heterogeneous data sources that interprets both texts posted on social media and images of tourist places visited and shared by tourists. For this purpose, we propose an enhanced user profile that uses User-Location Vector with LDA and Jaccard Coefficients. Moreover, a new Tourist Destination tree is constructed using the posts extracted from TripAdvisor where each node of the destination tree consists of tourist destination data. Finally, we build a personalized recommendation system based on user preferences, A* algorithm and heuristic shortest path algorithm with cost optimization based on the backtracking based Travelling Salesman Problem solution, tourist destination tree and tree-based hybrid recommendations. Here, the 0/1 knapsack algorithm is used for recommending the best Tourist Destination travel route plans according to the travel time and cost constraints of the tourists. The experimental results obtained from this work depict that the proposed User Centric Personalized destination and travel route recommendation system is providing better recommendation of tourist places than the existing systems by handling multiple heterogeneous data sources efficiently for recommending optimal tour plans with minimum cost and time.
Integrated whole exome sequencing and functional approach delineate genetic heterogeneity in cerebellar ataxias
Authors: Kumari Renu , Uppilli Bharath Ram , Shakya Sunil , Garg Ajay , Joshi Aditi , Khan Afreen , Suroliya Varun , Sonakar Akhilesh K , Sharma Pooja , Singh Inder , KP Divya , Mukerji Mitali , Srivat Achal K , Faruq Mohammed
Published: August 2021

PurposeDisease deconvolution in heterogeneous cerebellar ataxias (CAs) needs a focussed approach to overcome the diagnostic challenges. A diverse clinical presentation with over 100 reported genetic loci, in addition to the various challenges associated with genotype-phenotype correlation complicate the genetic diagnosis in 40-60% of the CA cases that remain uncharacterized. We present here an integrated whole exome sequencing combined with a functional validation approach to delineate the genetic etiology in Indian CA patients.MethodA total of 50 familial and sporadic progressive CA families (negative for CNG expansion) including 101 subjects were recruited for this study. Index patients from 50 families were subjected to singleton whole exome sequencing (S-WES). Family-based WES (F-WES) was carried out for seven S-WES selected families. Protein simulation and docking studies were performed for seven genetic variants identified through WES. A Cell line-based model was used to assess disease signatures for variants in KCNC3 and a new candidate gene, SPTB.ResultsClinically relevant variants identified in 70% (35/50) of the selected families. We achieved a 50% (25/50) definitive diagnostic yield and 14% (7/50) probable diagnostic yield while 6% (3/50) of the families showed variants of uncertain significance. We prioritized compound heterozygous variants in a candidate gene, SPTB for cerebellar ataxia with hereditary spherocytosis. Lymphoblastoid cell line derived from a patient with a KCNC3 variant showed altered disease signatures with induced ROS and elevated unfolded protein response markers at the basal level.ConclusionOur results highlight an extensive experimental design for the genetic diagnosis of CA. Through targeted analysis of ataxia phenotype-derived gene panel in S-WES, new gene identification through F-WES, and revaluation of unsolved families’ WES data, we identified novel, reported and other clinically relevant variants in CA patients. Bioinformatic protein modeling along with the cellular insights into the pathogenicity of novel variants enabled delineation of genetic diagnostics and enhanced the mechanistic understanding of CAs.
Associations of Sperm mtDNA copy number, DNA fragmentation index, and reactive oxygen species with clinical outcomes in ART treatments
Authors: Shi Wei-Hui , Ye Mu-Jin , Zhou Zhi-Yang , Qin Ning-Xin , Zhou Xuan-You , Xu Nai-Xin , Chen Song-Chang , Li Shu-Yuan , Xu Chen-Ming
Published: August 2021

Background
Except for sperm parameters (sperm concentration, motility, and morphology), sperm mitochondria DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN), DNA fragmentation index (DFI), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content are essential characteristics for sperm function. However, the roles of these measurements in embryo development and pregnancy outcomes are still unclear.
Methods
Semen samples of 402 participants were collected. Sperm parameters, including sperm morphology, concentration, and motility, were analyzed by a computer-assisted sperm analysis system. MtDNA-CN, DFI, and ROS levels were measured using remained sperms through quantitative polymerase chain reaction method, sperm chromatin structure assay and Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit, respectively. The assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments, including in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), were performed in 126 couples of these participants.
Results
In 402 semen samples, elevated mtDNA-CN and DFI were associated with poor seminal quality. In 126 couples conducted ART, only mtDNA-CN was negatively correlated with fertilization rate in ART cases. However, it was not significant after adjusting male age, female age, seminal quality, and ART strategy. With regard to pregnancy outcomes, none of sperm mtDNA-CN, ROS and DFI was associated with clinical pregnancy rate in 79 cases transferred embryos.
Conclusions
Increased mtDNA-CN and DFI in sperms jointly contributed to poor seminal quality. However, none of sperm mtDNA-CN, ROS/MS and DFI were associated with clinical outcomes in ART.
Topical Ointment for Management of Infected Wounds
Authors: Sanguramath Rajashekharayya A. , Laadan Boaz , Franco Ariel
Published: August 2021

Optimal prevention of microbial infection at the wound site is a priority clinical consideration required to facilitate normal healing process. Topical antimicrobials are commonly used for treatment and prevention of local wound infections. Herein, an anhydrous, hydrophilic, non-greasy, and non-occlusive antimicrobial ointment was formulated by incorporating two main active ingredients, CuO(1−x)ZnOx and (±)-α-bisabolol. CuO(1−x)ZnOx nanocomposite was added to provide a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity through the release of reactive oxygen species. (±)-α-Bisbolol was added to expedite the wound healing process. Prepared ointment showed very high killing efficacy against a spectrum of bacteria ( ̴6Log reduction) and a pathogenic yeast ( ̴5Log reduction) within 2h of exposure. Results described here would be of great benefit to professionals as wells as for personal use in treating infected wounds.
A temperate phage 5W infecting multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Peng Wenyi , Zeng Fei , Jin Zeyuan , Li Wanxia , Zhu Mingzhuo , Tong Yigang , Chen Lili , Qinqin Bai
Published: August 2021

We isolated 5W, a temperate phage that infects multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from pond water, using an enrichment method that involves the addition of host bacteria. 5W is a long-tailed phage with a narrow host range lysed four of 19 A. baumannii clinical isolates tested, and complete lysis was observed for A. baumannii clinical isolate Ab1. 5W adsorbed rapidly to its Ab1 host and > 80% adsorption was observed after 2 min of mixing. The one-step growth curve showed that 5W has a 20 min latent period and a ~ 100 min rise period, with a burse size of ~ 180 PFU/cell. 5W contains a dsDNA genome 43,032 bp in length, with 61 open reading frames and a GC content of 39.85%. The genome lacks any known virulence and drug resistance genes, but encodes an N-acetyl-β-D-muramidase with numerous positively charged amino acids at its C-terminus that belongs to the GH_108 family. The M/S subunits of the restriction endonuclease are inserted in the lysogenic gene cluster. The first and second halves of the 5W genome are highly homologous with prophages phiABCR01-03 and phiABCR01-02 in the A. baumannii ABCR01 genome, respectively, which suggests that 5W may be a product of recombination between the two prophages.
Land Use and Land Cover Change Analysis Using GIS and Remote Sensing in The Case of Kersa District, Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Tsegaye Nigus Tekleselassie
Published: August 2021

Background: Land use and land cover change is driven by human actions and also drives changes that limit availability of products and services for human and livestock, and it can undermine environmental health as well. Therefore, this study was aimed at understanding land use and land cover change in Kersa district over the last 30 years. Time-series satellite images that included Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+, and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS, which covered the time frame between 1990-2020, were used to determine the change in land use and land cover using object based classification.Results: The object based classification result revealed that in 1990 TM Landsat imagery, natural forest (16.07%), agroforestry (9.21%), village (12.03%), urban (1.93%), and agriculture (60.76%) were identified. The change result showed a rapid reduction in natural forest cover of 25.04%, 9.15%, and 23.11% occurred between (1990-2000), (2000-2010), and (2010-2020) study periods, respectively. Similarly agroforestry decreased by 0.88% and 63.9% (2000-2010) and (2010-2020), respectively. The finding indicates the increment of agricultural land, village, and urban, while the natural forest and agroforestry cover shows a declining trend.Conclusions: The finding implies that there was a rapid land use and land cover change in the study area. This resulted in loss of natural resource and biodiversity. Overall, proper and integrated approach in implementing policies and strategies related to land use and land cover management should be required in kersa district.
Japan-AfCFTA Integration Through Economic Impacts of Alternative EPA Scenarios
Authors: BIYIK ONUR
Published: July 2021

This paper analyzes the impact on an economic partnership agreement (EPA) between African countries and Japan through trade liberalization and reduction in non-tariff barriers. This study aims to investigate sectoral interconnections and participation in the EPA that would facilitate further possible opportunities for Japan-African businesses. The methodology employed is the Computable General Equilibrium model integrated with the Global Trade Analysis Project version 10A Multi-Region Input-Output database. We first modified the GTAP’s structure form to develop a long-run closure under steady-state and thereafter examined the African Continental Free Trade Area-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (AfJEPA) with several EPAs scenarios relying on the quantitative comparison of economic impacts of different technical measurements. As a result, the AfJEPA can provide new possible opportunities for Africa-Japan businesses, such as contributing to the existing African and Japanese mega-regional trade agreements. Specifically, the electronics, petroleum and coal, and chemical, rubber, and plastic industries in Africa would see the highest percent growth. Likewise, the Japanese industries would improve their productivity in the motor vehicles and transport equipment, chemical, rubber, and plastic, and textiles and apparel industries. To sum up, trade facilitation and knowledge transfer, which policymakers can improve concrete action and investment, would considerably stimulate African and Japanese real GDP. Thus, the potential for growth would rely on how deep the integration policy would be.
What Happened to the Laboratory Animals during COVID-19 Pandemic lockdown? India Answers.
Authors: Harikrishnan V.S. , Jena Sarita , Yadav Shika , Kohale Kalidas , Kumar Jerald Mahesh , Nagarajan Perumal
Published: August 2021

Background : COVID-19 imposed euthanasia of research animals and partial or complete closure of laboratory animal facilities across the world in the recent. In an attempt to find out the impact on laboratory animals, a survey was conducted ensuring the voluntary participation of institutions from different regions of India.Results : A total of 56 facilities participated from 14 states and union territories. From their responses 94.64% of the facilities operated either fully or partly with12.5% operating completely. 62.5% had no interruption in receiving essential supplies and 16.1% operated with complete man-power. 19.64% paused breeding completely and 53.57% partially. Besides strict lockdown, 95.83% of the institutes were able to provide veterinary care. 58.93% of the institutions conducted online IAEC meetings indicative of continuing research activities. Many facilities reported morbidities (64.29%) and mortality (8.93%). To optimize resources 41% reported euthanasia of animals.Conclusion : Statistical analysis revealed a significant association of lockdown associated reduced man-power and impaired essential-supplies with these observed eventualities. In conclusion, even though the lockdown had created a partial disruption of activities, operations and research went on in the majority of the facilities in India.
Robust ferroelectricity enhancement of PZT thin films by a homogeneous seed layer
Authors: jiang jie , Liu Lei , Ouyang Kuo , Chen Zhouyu , Mo Shengtao , Peng Qiangxiang , Jiang Limei , Huang Zeyu , Yang Qiong
Published: August 2021

With its excellent ferroelectric properties such as large dielectric constant and large remanent polarization, PZT thin films are extensively used in micro-sensors and other devices. In this study, the sol-gel process was used to fabricate Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 thin films with Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 seed islands. The experimental consequences demonstrate that all the Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 thin films with Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 seeds show pure perovskite phase with no other impurity phases, and the electrical properties of Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 thin films modified by Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 seed islands with different Zr/Ti ratios are improved, such as remanent polarization increased, dielectric properties increased, coercive electric field decreased, leakage current density decreased, etc. In particular, the electrical properties of the Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 thin films with Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 seed islands are the most optimal when the x is 0.52. This paper provides a new technique for optimizing the electrical properties of PZT thin films, which is of great significance for breaking through the bottleneck of the development of ferroelectric memory.
Optomechanics based soft artificial skin
Authors: Roy Abhijit Chandra , Kumar Navin , S Shreyas B , Gupta Ananya , Kumar Aloke , Venkataraman V.
Published: August 2021

Soft artificial skin capable of sensing touch, pressure and bending similar to soft human skin is important in many modern-day applications including socially interactive robotics, modern healthcare, augmented reality, etc. However, most of the research effort on soft artificial skin are confined to the lab-scale demonstration. We have demonstrated how a fundamental understanding of the contact mechanics of soft material and a specially constructed soft optical waveguide let us develop a highly efficient, resilient, and large-area soft artificial skin for futuristic applications. The soft artificial skin capable of detect touch, load and bending shows extreme sensitivity (up to \({150 \text{k}\text{P}\text{a}}^{-1}\)) to touch, and load, which is 750 times higher than earlier work. The soft-a-skin shows excellent long-term stability i.e. it shows consistent performance up to almost a year. In addition, we describe a 3D printing process capable of producing large areas, large numbers yet cost-effective soft artificial skin. We have shown the functioning of the soft-a-skin in various means.
CovidVisualized: Visualized compilation of international updating models’ estimates of COVID-19 pandemic at global and country levels
Authors: Pourmalek Farshad
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To identify international and periodically updated models of the COVID-19 epidemic, compile and visualize their estimation results, at the global and country levels, and periodically update the compilations. When one or more model predicts an increase in daily cases or infections and deaths in the next one to three months, this can be used as an early alarm for technical advisors to the national and subnational decision-makers to consider suggesting augmentation of preventive interventions. Data description: Five international and periodically updated models of the COVID-19 pandemic were identified, created by: (1) Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, (2) Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, (3) Imperial College, London, (4) Los Alamos National Laboratories, Los Alamos, and (5) University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Estimates of these five identified models were gathered, combined, and graphed at global and two country levels. Canada and Iran were chosen as countries with and without subnational estimates respectively. Compilations of results are periodically updated. Three Github repositories contain the codes and results: “CovidVisualizedGlobal” for the global level, “CovidVisualizedCountry” for a country with subnational estimates, Canada, and “covir2” for a country without subnational estimates, Iran.
Rooftop rainwater harvesting potential for a domestic purpose using samsamwater, case of Jimma University Institute of Technology, Ethiopia
Authors: Ebsa Dessalegn Geleta
Published: August 2021

The key sources of water supply are rainwater, underground water and surface water. Rooftop rainwater harvesting is a technique through which the rain is captured from the roof catchments. The objective of this study was to investigate rooftop rainwater harvesting potential for domestic purposes using a samsamwater tool. This can be used in dry and wet seasonal situations based on the roof size and population density, which plays a crucial role in socioeconomic development and keeping community school welfare. Rooftop rainwater harvesting is the most reliable, easiest to access, and suitable source for water supply. This study was carried out from June 2018 to December 2019 based on a case study of three Jimma University Institute of Technology Kito furdisa campus. Since then, rainfall data, rooftop catchment, water consumption and water demand data have been used as inputs. Based on the findings, the annual rainfall is 1846 mm. The total roof size of the school is 888.32 m2 and almost the entire age of the building ranges between 5-15 years. It has been constructed of galvanized iron in which its run off coefficient is estimated at 90%. The collected data has been analyzed using different tools, including the Samsamwater RWH model, and SPSS statistics version 22. As a result, the volume of harvested rainwater was 12,826 m3/yr., which covered all non-potable water needs for 14,458 of the school population. The total yearly water requirement for a working day (182 days) and working days plus no working days (365 days) of the school is 18,606.72 and 26,759.47 m3/yr. respectively. The reliability of harvested rainwater from the rooftop for the community school can meet about 63.4 % of the water scarcity reduced by feeding for (365days). Whereas the reliability of rainwater-harvested potential is, 82% of water demand can be met by considering the schedule of working days (9 months). The average reliable for the study area is greater than 72.6% of water demand.
Biomechanical changes on the typical sites of pressure ulcers in the process of turning over from supine position: theoretical analysis, simulation and experiment
Authors: Su Peng , Lun Qinglong , Lu Da , Wu Qiulong , Liu Tian , Zhang Leiyu
Published: August 2021

Background
Pressure ulcer is a typical disease, which is common in long-term bedridden patients and difficult to cure. It is necessary to study the biomechanics of the typical sites of pressure ulcers in turning over from supine position, which is an important reference for clinical medical nursing and and guides an assisted exoskeleton robot design.
Methods
The typical sites of pressure ulcers mainly focus on the scapula and the hip-sacrum of the trunk in turning over from the supine position. Based on the requirements of rehabilitation technical aids and the anatomy theory, the simple model of the scapula and the hip-sacrum were established for a force analysis in the process of turning over from the supine position, and the theoretical contact pressure between the human body and the bed surface was obtained. Then, three-dimensional models of the scapula and hip- sacrum were reconstructed and the maximum stress under different boundary conditions was obtained by finite element analysis. Finally, the pressure distribution sensor was used to carry out the human experiment of turning over from the supine position, and the pressure cloud diagram and the maximum contact pressure curve of the shoulder blade and the hip were obtained under different angles of turning over.
Results
The results from theoretical analysis, simulation and experiment were almost the same change trends, and the curves and the stress diagrams showed the contact pressure change of the typical sites of pressure ulcers in turning over. The angle threshold of the optimal comprehensive pressure can improve the use efficiency of the equipment to assist human turning over and reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers in the use of assisted bed in long-term bedridden patients.
Conclusions
In response to the less research on the mechanism of pressure ulcer, biomechanical changes have been revealed, which helps to explain the causes of pressure ulcer disease and provide basis for improving clinical nursing, and the relevant results provided a reference that contributes to the man-machine coupling design of the assisted rollover robot.
Patient Blood Management in Craniosynostosis Surgery
Authors: Kumba Claudine
Published: August 2021

Background: Craniosynostosis surgery is one of the most hemorrhagic interventions, where transfusion rates vary from 20 to 100% depending on the study.Objective: To describe intraoperative and postoperative outcomes in a secondary analysis of children who underwent craniosynostosis surgery included in the initial retrospective study with the aim of proposing intraoperative implementation optimization protocols for postoperative outcome improvement.Methods: Secondary analysis. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee.Results: There were 69 children with a median age of 10 [0-207] months.Eight (11.6%) patients had intraoperative and/or postoperative complications. One patient (1.5%) had intraoperative hemorrhagic shock, and two patients (2.9%) had intraoperative broncholaryngospasm. One patient (1.5%) had postoperative anaphylaxis. One patient (1.5%) had postoperative hemorrhagic shock. One patient (1.5%) had postoperative respiratory failure. Two patients (2.9%) had postoperative neurologic failure. One patient (1.5%) had neuro-meningeal sepsis. One patient (1.5%) had a re-operation. There was no in-hospital mortality.Fourty-eight patients (69.6%) had intraoperative transfusions.Conclusion: Transfusion protocols guided with point-of-care tests should be included in patient blood management programs in craniosynostosis surgery.
The "new man" project in the Soviet Union: a historical and legal aspect
Authors: Sukhonos V.V. , Murach D.V.
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the design features of the "new man" in the Soviet Union. The essence of the Bolshevik project of transformation of the society towards the Communist ideology. Is examined that the individual methods of influence on the society appeared not only on the basis of the provisions of the Marxist doctrine, but also on the orientation to the traditional ideal of education for centuries was reflected in the writings of utopians. Analyzed that the important factor in the design of a "new man" became the interests of the forced modernization of society, prompted the authors of the project to provide ideal and value system of the "new man" dualistic nature (synthesis of anthropocentrism and sociocentrism). This project represents another attempt to offer a cultural pattern that carries a mission to spread Marxist ideology. The selection of each individual element impact due to eksternaliteter vision of the utopian socialists, who noted that such changes occur gradually and need a lot of time before "there will come a new generation of people." Focuses on the crucial place of children in this project as the main audience impact. Analyzes the changing conditions of life as the main aspect for the project of a "new" person. The subject of study is the law of the Soviet Union and scientific literature that became the Foundation of dramatic changes in the ruling elite about the concept of the Soviet man of the future. It is proposed the specific characteristics of the legal system and ideology, characteristic of the Soviet era. This approach allows us to identify the main elements of the mechanism of introduction of model of man "new type" and to carry out a critical analysis of each of these elements as separate components of this system. Found features of realization of the state policy of the USSR to support Communist ideology, based on shared equality and collectism. It is concluded that the functioning of each separate factor makes sense, and also that all the work factors, which embodied the project of the man "new type", form a single harmonious system impact on society.
Interaction of law enforcement agencies and financial institutions for financial monitoring in the field of combating money laundering
Authors: Utkina M.S.
Published: August 2021

The article was devoted to clarifying the place and role of both law enforcement agencies and financial institutions in conducting financial intelligence in the context of anti-money laundering. The activities of the Bureau of Economic Security, the State Bureau of Investigation and the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine were analyzed. Attention was focused on the activities of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, as the information contained in the request of the State Financial Monitoring Service, as well as information provided by this Service, can be used only as to anti-money laundering. In the context of financial intelligence in the field of anti-money laundering, attention was focused on the interaction of the abovementioned law enforcement agencies with each other, as well as with financial institutions. The author analyzed the essence of the law enforcement agencies interaction with financial institutions, determined which law enforcement agencies are involved in financial intelligence. It was also determined that the subjects of primary financial intelligence (defined in Article 6 of the Law of Ukraine “On Prevention and Counteraction to Legalization (Laundering) of Proceeds from Crime, Financing of Terrorism and Financing of Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction”) have the right to apply to law enforcement agencies to provide the requested information and / or documents. It was also emphasized that the subjects of state financial intelligence have the right to submit to law enforcement agencies the information obtained during the supervision in the field of prevention and counteraction, which may indicate signs of committing offenses. The article stipulates that to monitor the effectiveness of the system of anti-money laundering, law enforcement agencies ensure the formation of comprehensive administrative reporting in the field of prevention and counteraction.
International experience in the functioning of anti-corruption judiciary
Authors: Mirgorod-Karpova V.V. , Murach D.V.
Published: August 2021

The article highlights the experience of foreign countries in organizing anti-corruption proceedings. In particular, the experience of countries such as Croatia, Bulgaria, Indonesia, Uganda, the Philippines and Slovakia was studied. The key features of regulating the activities of anticorruption courts are analyzed and the shortcomings of their activities are presented. The problem of corruption in Ukrainian society and the negative consequences it can lead to are highlighted. Thus, as of 2020, Ukraine ranks 117th in the world in the corruption perception index. This characterizes Ukraine as one of the most corrupt countries in Europe, and, at the same time, points to the cause of the crisis in society today. In our study, we analyzed key errors in determining the jurisdiction and organization of anti-corruption courts in foreign countries, which are likely to be repeated in Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between the rating of a country's corruption perception index and the presence of an anti-corruption court in its judicial system. Thus, the authors emphasize the expediency of introducing the Supreme Anti-Corruption Court in Ukraine as a way to introduce European standards in Ukraine. At the same time, the article emphasizes the need to implement ways to overcome such shortcomings. Based on the fact that such courts are the most responsible - they also have very high risks. Thus, we propose a way to eliminate all possible risks by deriving the most optimal aspects of the organization of anti-corruption proceedings in foreign countries. The paper pays special attention to the structural change of the domestic model of combating corruption offenses. The introduction of foreign experience in Ukraine will create an effective state mechanism for detecting and combating corruption, which, in turn, will significantly improve not only the financial and economic situation of Ukraine, but also restore public confidence in the domestic legal system and public authorities.
Peculiarities of family medicine functioning and provision of medical services: experience of the European Union and lessons for Ukraine
Authors: Mirgorod-Karpova V.V.
Published: August 2021

The development and promotion of health care and the functioning of primary care in general has a positive impact on health care system in the country. However, such a positive impact is possible only in the case of the efficiency and accessibility of medical services at this stage, when the family doctor is able to provide quality and comprehensive range of services, cooperate with other doctors, and carry out high-level preventive measures. The principles on which family medicine is built create the preconditions for doctors to compete with each other for patients, which directly affects the quality of services provided. For a long time, Ukraine has ignored the recommendations of international organizations, including the World Health Organization, on the need to reform the health sector. Experts determine that only since 2010 in is possible to talk about a slow, unstable and unplanned start of reform actions. In 2010, in accordance with the official statistics of the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, the state expenditures on health care amounted to 1042 UAH per 1 Ukrainian, while each citizen spent another UAH 750 to purchase medicines. In comparison, the average salary of 1 medical worker was 1,778 UAH, which is about 43% less than the salary of 1 employee in industry and 67% less as in the financial sector. The domestic researchers state that overall public funding for health care has been ineffective and that wages have not met global standards. For example, a health worker received an average of 2,536 euros in Finland, 898 euros in Portugal, 800 euros in Lithuania, and 572 euros in Bulgaria in 2010. In this study, we focused on the functioning of the procedure for providing medical services in the European Union and outlining key lessons for Ukraine. Nowadays, the reform of the health care sector and the entire system of medical services has become a real necessity for the socio-economic development of Ukraine. Since then, the state is gradually introducing major reform measures.
Innovations in the legal regulation of contracts for the provision of financial services
Authors: Zavalna Zh.V. , Starynskyi M.V.
Published: August 2021

The article is a topic study of the changes in Ukrainian laws that regulate financial services agreements. The study of this issue is caused by the need to improve the efficiency of the legal regulation of customer rights protection when concluding deposit, credit or escrow agreements with banks. The article provides theoretical analysis of the new provisions in the legislative instruments of the National Bank of Ukraine regarding their compliance with the theory of law and the provisions of the legislative acts, including in particular the Civil Code of Ukraine. As a result of the research the authors come to the conclusion that the additional requirements concerning financial services agreements do not include a clear definition of their legal status nor correlate to the established legislative requirements for the agreements of this type. Such ambiguity can influence both the contents of such agreements as well as the process and the result of their conclusion. Taking into consideration that banks usually conclude such agreements by providing prepared forms, the authors analyze whether it is reasonable to distinguish an individual and public part in the contents of such agreements. Consequently, such notions as “individual part” and “public part” of a financial services agreement that are used in the special legislative instrument requires further research. The practical value of the given study consists in the fact that coordination of new regulatory frameworks in the legal regulation of bank agreements should ensure a clearer definition of the provisions in financial services agreements and, as such, it should provide for the legal protection of customer rights in the area of financial (bank) services.
Features and problems of the administrative and legal regime of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine - the prospect of the issue
Authors: Kolesnikova M.V. , Shevtsov Y.A. , Pak N.S.
Published: August 2021

At the beginning of the XXI century, human civilization has made anincredible break through in all spheres of science and life. Gradually,progress open edupmore and morenewop portunities for humanity and ways to solve problems. It seem edthat such a termas "forcemajeure" could eventually disappear from legal practice. However, theend of 2019 and the whole of 2020 showed theo pposite, as th eworld faced a new problem. A new challenge for humanitywasthevirus SARS-CoV-2, which inturnled to the emergence of a new "international" mode of the pandemic coronavirus COVID-19. The question of combating a new thre at hasarisen before the whole world. At a time when the world has notinvente done hundred percent effectived rugsagainst COVID-19, the only salvation for humanity is the quarantine mode, whichis a series of specific responsibilities and restrictions to combat the viraldisease. Despite the relative similarity of quarantine modes in different countries, the situation is very different. Thus, in some countries, the relative stability of COVID-19 distribution problems is relative lystable, and in others, despite the measures taken, the situation is exacerbated, the problem is developing rapidly. Unfortunately, the situation in Ukraine is also very ambiguous. Although the author it iesim posera ther strictrestrictions, the situation is gradually deteriorating. Thereis a questionof a real and effective quarantine mode, which will not only provide an opportunity to solve the problem and the possibility of sane existence of the state in a pandemic but also all ow you toquick lyget out of the quarantine mode and return to regular life. Thus, there is a need to investigate the administrative and legal regime of quarantine in Ukraine. It is necessary to identify the problems of the domestic routine and find appropriate ways to solve them, taking into account the global situation of the pandemic, as well as the successful experience and mistakes of other countries in the fight against the virus.
Cryptocurrency as a modern phenomenon: advantages, disadvantages, problems of legal regulation
Authors: Steblianko A.V. , Riepin D.A.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the study of cryptocurrency as a new means of payment, which is relevant both in Ukraine and abroad. The urgency of the problem described in the article is due to the accelerated scientific and technological progress and global computerization of society, where modern technologies contribute to the emergence and development of new mechanisms of the economy, in particular, relations using non-cash payments. The main features of cryptocurrency are considered and argued in the form of its advantages: availability, speed, decentralization, security, and disadvantages: unreliability, distrust of users, inability to cancel transactions, use to commit illegal acts. The features that are controversial in modern conditions are anonymity and transnationality. The main problems of cryptocurrency and its legal regulation are generalized. Emphasis is placed on the practice of regulating the cryptocurrency market in the European Union, as well as on the legislation of the Republic of Estonia in the field of virtual assets. The legal status of cryptocurrency in Ukraine is considered, which is an urgent problem on the way to its legalization both in the legislative and technical plan. Attempts to legally regulate a new type of currency are analyzed. Bills and acts of the National Bank of Ukraine in the field of cryptocurrency circulation are described. Gaps in the current legislation, in particular in the Law of Ukraine "On Prevention of Corruption", were identified, and ways to solve such problems were suggested. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop and create effective legislation in the field of regulation and control of cryptocurrency circulation not only at the national but also at the international level, because otherwise there is a threat to economic and financial life of the state and society and other problems for the international community. in the form of criminal acts with cryptocurrency, because today in Ukraine there is no effective legislation on the circulation of cryptocurrency, and the number of problems with the use of digital currency is growing every day, so it is worth paying attention to such components as the Internet and virtual assets, as in the leading countries of the world this direction is important in domestic and foreign policy.