bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medicinal plant Arctium lappa
Authors: Nie Liping , Cui Yingxian , Chen Xinlian , Xu Zhichao , Sun Wei , Wang Yu , Song Jingyuan , Yao Hui
Published: October 2019

Arctium lappa, commonly called burdock, has a long medicinal and edible history. It has recently gained increasing attention because of its economic value. In this study, we obtained the complete chloroplast genome of A. lappa by Illumina Hiseq. The complete chloroplast genome of A. lappa is a typical circular structure with 152 708 bp in length. The GC content in the whole chloroplast genome of A. lappa is 37.7%. A total of 37 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 87 protein-coding genes were successfully annotated. And the chloroplast genome contains 113 unique genes, 19 of which are duplicated in the inverted repeat. The distribution of 39 simple sequence repeats was analysed, and most of them are in the large single-copy (LSC) sequence. An inversion comprising 16 genes was found in the LSC region, which is 26 283 bp long. We performed multiple sequence alignments using 72 common protein-coding genes of 29 species and constructed a Maximum Parsimony (MP) tree. The MP phylogenetic result shows that A. lappa grouped together with Carthamus tinctorius, Centaurea diffusa, and Saussurea involucrata. The chloroplast genome of A. lappa is a valuable resource for further studies in Asteraceae.
A Comparative Cross-layer Study on Racetrack Memories
Authors: Kang Wang , Wu Bi , Chen Xing , Zhu Daoqian , Wang Zhaohao , Zhang Xichao , Zhou Yan , Zhang Youguang , Zhao Weisheng
Published: October 2019

Racetrack memory (RM), a new storage scheme in which information flows along a nanotrack, has been considered as a potential candidate for future high-density storage device instead of hard disk drive (HDD). The first RM technology, which was proposed in 2008 by IBM, relies on a train of opposite magnetic domains separated by domain walls (DWs), named DW-RM. After 10 years of intensive research, a variety of fundamental advancements has been achieved; unfortunately, no product has been available until now. With increasing effort and resources dedicated to the development of DW-RM, it is likely that new materials and mechanisms will soon be discovered for practical applications. However, new concepts might also be on the horizon. Recently, an alternative information carrier, magnetic skyrmion, which was experimentally discovered in 2009, has been regarded as a promising replacement of DW for RM, named skyrmion-based RM (SK-RM). Intensive effort has been involved and amazing advances have been made in observing, writing, manipulating, and deleting individual skyrmions. So, what is the relationship between DW and skyrmion? What are the key differences between DW and skyrmion, or between DW-RM and SK-RM? What benefits could SK-RM bring and what challenges need to be addressed before application? In this review article, we intend to answer these questions through a comparative cross-layer study between DW-RM and SK-RM. This work will provide guidelines, especially for circuit and architecture researchers on RM.
Comprehensive Analytic Performance Assessment and K-means based Multicast Routing Algorithm and Architecture for 3D-NoC of Spiking Neurons
Authors: Vu The H. , Okuyama Yuichi , Abdallah Abderazek Ben
Published: October 2019

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are artificial neural network models that more closely mimic biological neural networks. In addition to neuronal and synaptic state, SNNs incorporate the variant time scale into their computational model. Since each neuron in these networks is connected to thousands of others, high bandwidth is required. Moreover, since the spike times are used to encode information in SNN, very low communication latency is also needed. The 2D-NoC was used as a solution to provide a scalable interconnection fabric in large-scale parallel SNN systems. The 3D-ICs have also attracted a lot of attention as a potential solution to resolve the interconnect bottleneck. The combination of these two emerging technologies provides a new horizon for IC designs to satisfy the high requirements of low power and small footprint in emerging AI applications. In this work, we first present a comprehensive analytical model to analyze the performance of 3D mesh NoC over variants of different SNN topologies and communications protocols. Second, we present an architecture and a low-latency spike routing algorithm, named shortest path K-means based multicast (SP-KMCR), for three-dimensional NoC of spiking neurons (3DNoC-SNN). The proposed system was validated based on an RTL-level implementation, while area/power analysis was performed using 45nm CMOS technology.
Beyond THC and Endocannabinoids
Authors: Pacher Pal , Kogan Natalya M. , Mechoulam Raphael
Published: October 2019

Research in the cannabinoid field, namely on phytocannabinoids, the endogenous cannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and their metabolizing and synthetic enzymes, the cannabinoid receptors, and anandamide-like cannabinoid compounds, has expanded tremendously over the last few years. Numerous endocannabinoid-like compounds have been discovered. The Cannabis plant constituent cannabidiol (CBD) was found to exert beneficial effects in many preclinical disease models ranging from epilepsy, cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and autoimmunity to neurodegenerative and kidney diseases and cancer. CBD was recently approved in the United States for the treatment of rare forms of childhood epilepsy. This has triggered the development of many CBD-based products for human use, often with overstated claims regarding their therapeutic effects. In this article, the recently published research on the chemistry and biological effects of plant cannabinoids (specifically CBD), endocannabinoids, certain long-chain fatty acid amides, and the variety of relevant receptors is critically reviewed.
The FGL2 prothrombinase contributes to the pathological process of experimental pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Fan Cheng , Wang Jue , Mao Chaoqin , Li Wenzhu , Liu Kun , Wang Zhaohui
Published: October 2019

In situ thrombus formation is one of the major pathological features of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The mechanism of in situ thrombosis has not been clearly identified. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) prothrombinase is an immune coagulant that can cleave prothrombin to thrombin, which then converts fibrinogen into fibrin. This mechanism triggers in situ thrombus formation directly, bypassing both the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways. FGL2 prothrombinase is mainly expressed in endothelial cells and mediates multiple pathological processes. This implies that it may also play a role in PH. In this study, we examined the expression of FGL2 in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients, and in monocrotaline-induced rat and hypoxia-induced mouse PH models. Fgl2−/− mice were used to evaluate the development of PH and explore associated pathological changes. These included in situ thrombosis, vascular remodeling, and endothelial apoptosis. Following these analyses, we examined possible signaling pathways downstream of FGL2 in PH. We show FGL2 is upregulated in pulmonary vascular endothelium in human IPAH and in two animal PH models. Genetic knockout of Fgl2 limited the development of PH, indicated by decreased in situ thrombus formation, less vascular remodeling, and reduced endothelial dysfunction. In addition, loss of FGL2 downregulated PAR1 (proteinase-activated receptor 1) expression and decreased the overactivation and consumption of platelets in hypoxia-induced PH. These results indicate FGL2 participate in the development of PH and loss of FGL2 could attenuate PH by reducing in situ thrombosis and suppressing PAR1 signaling. Thus we provide evidence that suggests FGL2 prothrombinase presents a potential therapeutic target for clinical treatment of PH.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to demonstrate that fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) participates in the pathological progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in human idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, a monocrotaline rat PH model, and a hypoxia mouse PH model. Genetic knockout of Fgl2 significantly limited the development of PH indicated by reduced in situ thrombosis, vascular remodeling, and endothelial dysfunction, and suppressed PAR1 (proteinase-activated receptor 1) signaling and overactivation of platelets on PH. These results suggest FGL2 presents a potential therapeutic target for clinical treatment of PH.
Increased physical activity does not improve obesity-induced decreases in muscle quality in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Seebacher Frank , James Rob S.
Published: October 2019

Obesity has a negative effect on muscle contractile function, and the effects of obesity are not reversed by weight loss. It is therefore important to determine how muscle function can be restored, and exercise is the most promising approach. We tested the hypothesis (in zebrafish, Danio rerio) that moderate aerobic exercise (forced swimming for 30 min/day, raising metabolic rates to at least twice resting levels) will alleviate the negative effects of obesity on muscle function. We allocated zebrafish randomly to experimental treatments in a fully factorial design with diet treatment [three levels: lean control, diet-induced obese, obese followed by weight loss (obese-lean)], and exercise (exercise and sedentary control) as independent factors. Treatments were conducted for 10 wk, and we measured locomotor performance, isolated muscle mechanics, and myosin heavy chain composition. Obesity led to decreased muscle force production per unit area ( P = 0.01), and slowed muscle contraction ( P = 0.004) and relaxation rates ( P = 0.02). These effects were not reversible by weight loss or exercise. However, at the level implemented in our experimental animals, neither diet nor exercise affected swimming performance or myosin heavy chain concentrations. The moderate levels of exercise we implemented therefore are not sufficient to reverse the effects of obesity on muscle function, and higher intensity or a combination of modes of exercise may be necessary to improve muscle quality during obesity and following weight loss.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY Obesity can have a negative effect on muscle function and thereby compromise mobility. Even though aerobic exercise has many physiological benefits in obese and normal-weight individuals, we show that in zebrafish aerobic exercise does not improve obesity-induced reductions in muscle contractile function. A combination between different modes of exercise may be more effective than aerobic exercise alone.
Developing an Extended IFC Data Schema and Mesh Generation Framework for Finite Element Modeling
Authors: Xu Zhao , Rao Zezhi , Gan Vincent J. L. , Ding Youliang , Wan Chunfeng , Liu Xinran
Published: October 2019

Mesh generation plays an important role in determining the result quality of finite element modeling and structural analysis. Building information modeling provides the geometry and semantic information of a building, which can be utilized to support an efficient mesh generation. In this paper, a method based on BRep entity transformation is proposed to realize the finite element analysis using the geometric model in the IFC standard. The h‐p version of the finite element analysis method can effectively deal with the refined expression of the model of bending complex components. By meshing the connection model, it is suggested to adopt the method of scanning to generate hexahedron, which improves the geometric adaptability of the mesh model and the quality and efficiency of mesh generation. Based on the extension and expression of IFC information, the effective finite element structure information is extracted and extended into the IFC standard mode. The information is analyzed, and finally the visualization of finite element analysis in the building model can be realized.
Symptomatic Hypoalbuminemia as an Indication for Treatment of Waldenström Macroglobulinemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Larsen Jeremy T. , Leonard Frederick D.
Published: October 2019

Hypoalbuminemia has been reported as common in patients with symptomatic Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), but it is not typically mentioned as a manifestation of the disease in review articles or articles discussing indications for treatment. We present the case of a patient with WM for whom symptomatic hypoalbuminemia was the primary reason for initiating treatment. Except in rare cases of WM with renal or gastrointestinal involvement, hypoalbuminemia is thought to be due to the effects of elevated levels of inflammation-associated cytokines, and it has been associated with greater likelihood of progression of asymptomatic to symptomatic disease, greater disease severity, and poorer prognosis. Hypoalbuminemia in WM may become symptomatic, and it may be a reason to initiate treatment if symptoms affect quality of life.
Gut Microbiota Modulation on Intestinal Mucosal Adaptive Immunity
Authors: Wang Li , Zhu Limeng , Qin Song
Published: October 2019

The mammalian intestine harbors a remarkable number of microbes and their components and metabolites, which are fundamental for the instigation and development of the host immune system. The intestinal innate and adaptive immunity coordinate and interact with the symbionts contributing to the intestinal homeostasis through establishment of a mutually beneficial relationship by tolerating to symbiotic microbiota and retaining the ability to exert proinflammatory response towards invasive pathogens. Imbalance between the intestinal immune system and commensal organisms disrupts the intestinal microbiological homeostasis, leading to microbiota dysbiosis, compromised integrity of the intestinal barrier, and proinflammatory immune responses towards symbionts. This, in turn, exacerbates the degree of the imbalance. Intestinal adaptive immunity plays a critical role in maintaining immune tolerance towards symbionts and the integrity of intestinal barrier, while the innate immune system regulates the adaptive immune responses to intestinal commensal bacteria. In this review, we will summarize recent findings on the effects and mechanisms of gut microbiota on intestinal adaptive immunity and the plasticity of several immune cells under diverse microenvironmental settings.
The Application of the Logistic Equation Model to Predict the Remineralization Characteristics of Desensitizing Paste
Authors: Onwubu Stanley Chibuzor , Mdluli Phumlane Selby , Singh Shenuka , Collins Obiora Cornelius
Published: October 2019

Objectives. A mathematical model making using of the Verhulst logistic equation was developed to predict the remineralization behaviors of desensitizing paste. Methods. The input parameter used for the model was obtained experimentally by brushing twenty-one simulated dentin specimens for seven days with three sample groups, namely, EB@TiO2, Colgate Pro-relief, and Sensodyne repair (n = 7). A field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and ImageJ software were used to observe and measure the % occluded ratio of the dentin surface. The model fittings for the three sample groups were carried out using the built-in MATLAB least-squares fitting routine fmincon in the optimization toolbox. Results. The results suggest that the experimental parameter were in agreement with the model. It was found that the logistic equation model can make a future prediction of the remineralization pattern for EB@TiO2 and Colgate Pro-relief. It was, however, found that the trajectory for the Sensodyne repair was a bit complex, thus making the prediction difficult. Conclusions. Overall, the salient feature of this study suggests that the logistic equation could be used to predict the remineralization behavior of desensitizing paste in the management of sensitive tooth.
Zebrafish MITF-Low Melanoma Subtype Models Reveal Transcriptional Subclusters and MITF-Independent Residual Disease
Authors: Travnickova Jana , Wojciechowska Sonia , Khamseh Ava , Gautier Philippe , Brown Daniel V. , Lefevre Thomas , Brombin Alessandro , Ewing Ailith , Capper Amy , Spitzer Michaela , Dilshat Ramile , Semple Colin A. , Mathers Marie E. , Lister James A. , Steingrimsson Eiríkur , Voet Thierry , Ponting Chris P. , Patton E. Elizabeth
Published: October 2019

The melanocyte-inducing transcription factor (MITF)–low melanoma transcriptional signature is predictive of poor outcomes for patients, but little is known about its biological significance, and animal models are lacking. Here, we used zebrafish genetic models with low activity of Mitfa (MITF-low) and established that the MITF-low state is causal of melanoma progression and a predictor of melanoma biological subtype. MITF-low zebrafish melanomas resembled human MITF-low melanomas and were enriched for stem and invasive (mesenchymal) gene signatures. MITF-low activity coupled with a p53 mutation was sufficient to promote superficial growth melanomas, whereas BRAFV600E accelerated MITF-low melanoma onset and further promoted the development of MITF-high nodular growth melanomas. Genetic inhibition of MITF activity led to rapid regression; recurrence occurred following reactivation of MITF. At the regression site, there was minimal residual disease that was resistant to loss of MITF activity (termed MITF-independent cells) with very low-to-no MITF activity or protein. Transcriptomic analysis of MITF-independent residual disease showed enrichment of mesenchymal and neural crest stem cell signatures similar to human therapy-resistant melanomas. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed MITF-independent residual disease was heterogeneous depending on melanoma subtype. Further, there was a shared subpopulation of residual disease cells that was enriched for a neural crest G0-like state that preexisted in the primary tumor and remained present in recurring melanomas. These findings suggest that invasive and stem-like programs coupled with cellular heterogeneity contribute to poor outcomes for MITF-low melanoma patients and that MITF-independent subpopulations are an important therapeutic target to achieve long-term survival outcomes.

Significance:

This study provides a useful model for MITF-low melanomas and MITF-independent cell populations that can be used to study the mechanisms that drive these tumors as well as identify potential therapeutic options.
Molecular Imaging of Extracellular Tumor pH to Reveal Effects of Locoregional Therapy on Liver Cancer Microenvironment
Authors: Savic Lynn Jeanette , Schobert Isabel Theresa , Peters Dana , Walsh John J. , Laage-Gaupp Fabian Max , Hamm Charlie Alexander , Tritz Nina , Doemel Luzie A. , Lin MingDe , Sinusas Albert , Schlachter Todd , Duncan James S. , Hyder Fahmeed , Coman Daniel , Chapiro Julius
Published: October 2019

Purpose:

To establish magnetic resonance (MR)–based molecular imaging paradigms for the noninvasive monitoring of extracellular pH (pHe) as a functional surrogate biomarker for metabolic changes induced by locoregional therapy of liver cancer.

Experimental Design:

Thirty-two VX2 tumor-bearing New Zealand white rabbits underwent longitudinal imaging on clinical 3T-MRI and CT scanners before and up to 2 weeks after complete conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) using ethiodized oil (lipiodol) and doxorubicin. MR-spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) was employed for pHe mapping. Multiparametric MRI and CT were performed to quantify tumor enhancement, diffusion, and lipiodol coverage of the tumor posttherapy. In addition, incomplete cTACE with reduced chemoembolic doses was applied to mimic undertreatment and exploit pHe mapping to detect viable tumor residuals. Imaging findings were correlated with histopathologic markers indicative of metabolic state (HIF-1α, GLUT-1, and LAMP-2) and viability (proliferating cell nuclear antigen and terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase dUTP nick-end labeling).

Results:

Untreated VX2 tumors demonstrated a significantly lower pHe (6.80 ± 0.09) than liver parenchyma (7.19 ± 0.03, P < 0.001). Upregulation of HIF-1α, GLUT-1, and LAMP-2 confirmed a hyperglycolytic tumor phenotype and acidosis. A gradual tumor pHe increase toward normalization similar to parenchyma was revealed within 2 weeks after complete cTACE, which correlated with decreasing detectability of metabolic markers. In contrast, pHe mapping after incomplete cTACE indicated both acidic viable residuals and increased tumor pHe of treated regions. Multimodal imaging revealed durable tumor devascularization immediately after complete cTACE, gradually increasing necrosis, and sustained lipiodol coverage of the tumor.

Conclusions:

MRSI-based pHe mapping can serve as a longitudinal monitoring tool for viable tumors. As most liver tumors are hyperglycolytic creating microenvironmental acidosis, therapy-induced normalization of tumor pHe may be used as a functional biomarker for positive therapeutic outcome.
Nitric Oxide in Pulmonary Hypoplasia: Results from the European iNO Registry
Authors: Kettle Rebecca , Subhedar Nimish V. ,   On behalf of the European iNO Registry
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The aim of this work was to describe treatment response and outcome data for preterm infants with pulmonary hypoplasia treated with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO). We hypothesised that an acute oxygenation response to iNO would be associated with survival. Design: A retrospective observational study design was used to identify cases of pulmonary hypoplasia in preterm infants <34 weeks’ gestation reported to the European iNO Registry. Demographic and clinical data were collected including oxygenation and echocardiographic parameters. The primary outcome was acute oxygenation response defined as a reduction in fractional inspired oxygen of >0.15. Outcome data included chronic lung disease (CLD) and death. Results: Seventy-two infants with pulmonary hypoplasia were treated with iNO during a 10-year period (2007–2016). In total, 30/69 (43%) of the infants showed a significant improvement in oxygenation and were categorised as “responders.” Thirty-one treated infants died, and 19 survivors developed CLD. Although there were no differences in demographics and baseline cardiorespiratory parameters between responders and non-responders, an acute response was significantly associated with survival. Neither pulmonary hypertension nor PPHN (persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn) physiology predicted the acute response to iNO or survival. Conclusion: Although the acute oxygenation response to iNO therapy in pulmonary hypoplasia is comparable to other respiratory disorders in preterm infants, mortality in this group remains very high. An acute response is associated with survival and suggests that a short therapeutic trial of iNO therapy is warranted in this population. This study underscores the value of registries in evaluating therapies for rare neonatal disorders, although their limitations must be recognised.
Chronisch-obstruktive Lungenerkrankung: Sicherheit und Effektivität der endoskopischen Lungenvolumenreduktion durch Einlage von Ventilen
Authors: Kempa Axel Tobias
Published: October 2019

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in China, with tobacco smoke, air pollution, and occupational biohazards being the major risk factors. Objectives: The REACH trial is a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial undertaken in China to assess the safety and effectiveness of the Spiration® Valve System (SVS) compared to standard medical care in COPD patients with severe emphysema. Methods: Patients with severe airflow obstruction, hyperinflation, and severe dyspnea with interlobar fissure integrity were evaluated for enrollment. A total of 107 subjects were randomized in a 2: 1 allocation ratio to either the treatment group (SVS valves and medical management) or the control group (medical management alone). Results: The 3-month primary endpoint showed statistically significant improvement in forced expiratory volume in 1 s in the treatment group compared to the control group (0.104 ± 0.18 vs. 0.003 ± 0.15 L, p = 0.001), with the difference being durable through 6 months. Statistically significant target lobe volume reduction was achieved at 3 months (mean change 684.4 ± 686.7 mL) and through 6 months (757.0 ± 665.3 mL). Exercise function and quality of life measures improved in the treatment group, but showed a deterioration in the control group. The serious adverse event (SAE) rate was 33% in the treatment group and 24.2% in the control group. The predominance of SAEs were acute exacerbations of COPD in both groups. There was 1 death in the control group and no deaths in the treatment group. Conclusion: The SVS represents a novel approach for the treatment of severe emphysema with a clinically acceptable risk-benefit profile.
Risk Factors for Complications after Skin-Sparing and Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy
Authors: Paprottka Felix J. , Schlett Christopher L. , Luketina Rosalia , Paprottka Karolin , Klimas Dalius , Radtke Christine , Hebebrand Detlev
Published: October 2019

Introduction: In order to achieve a complication-free breast reconstruction, it is fundamental for each individual patient case to determine preoperatively certain risk factors that might have a negative impact on the postoperative result after skin-sparing (SSM) or nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM). Methods: A retrospective study of 39 female breast cancer patients who received SSM or NSM breast reconstruction in our department (time interval: 2010–2015), was performed. The study focus is on determining patient characteristics (e.g., demographics, history of radiotherapy/chemotherapy, menopausal status, amount of resected breast tissue) leading to higher complication rates. Results: Overall, 50 mastectomies (27 SSM and 23 NSM) with 6 immediate and 35 immediate 2-stage tissue expander breast reconstructions amounting to a total of 41 surgical interventions (n = 41) were carried out. Median follow-up time was 2 years and 5 months (range 121–1,863 days). Increased complication rates were associated with the following patient characteristics: age >50 years (p < 0.05) and personal history of cardiovascular disease (p < 0.05). Increased but not significant risk factors included postmenopausal status (p = 0.07), radiotherapy prior to SSM/NSM (p = 0.06), and weight of resected breast tissue >438 g (p = 0.09). Conclusion: This work identified age >50 years and personal history of cardiovascular disease to be risk factors for increased complication rates following SSM and NSM. Therefore, the given findings should be taken into account when selecting patients for these 2 procedures.
A “lógica da intervenção” e a questão da circulação: as remoções de favelas como forma de gerir o espaço urbano no Rio de Janeiro dos Jogos Olímpicos
Authors: Magalhães Alexandre
Published: October 2019

As remoções de favelas no Rio de Janeiro voltaram à agenda estatal. Desde 2009, aproximadamente 21 mil famílias foram retiradas de seus locais originais de moradia. Neste artigo busco apresentar, com base na descrição etnográfica, duas dimensões interconectadas que estruturam esse processo: a da “lógica da intervenção” e a questão da circulação. Tal empreendimento analítico se apoiará na experiência dos moradores de uma favela da Zona Oeste da cidade, removida entre os anos de 2010 e 2011 em função da construção de uma obra (uma via segregada para ônibus) incluída no rol daquelas que preparariam a cidade para os Jogos Olímpicos de 2016.
Governação pública em rede: contributos para sua compreensão e análise (em Portugal e Brasil)
Authors: Mota Luis F. , Bittencourt Bernadete
Published: October 2019

Este artigo pretende apresentar uma revisão crítica da literatura sobre a governação pública em rede, abordando as diferentes tipologias de redes, os seus benefícios e desafios, as principais abordagens teóricas e metodológicas do seu estudo e os fatores críticos para o seu sucesso, em particular nos contextos da governação pública em Portugal e no Brasil. A relevância da análise decorre de este modo de governação ser crescentemente usado em diversos países, mas ser ainda alvo de pouca atenção acadêmica e política, sobretudo em contextos com tradição de governação hierárquica, tal como acontece nesses dois países. Assim, consideram-se essenciais contributos para compreender este fenômeno e fomentar a sua análise em tais contextos.
Entre Boulanger e Dreyfus: luzes e sombras da Terceira República francesa na reflexão dos Quaderni
Authors: Antonini Francesca
Published: October 2019

Como testemunhado por numerosos trechos dos Quaderni del carcere, a França é para Antonio Gramsci um laboratório político excepcional. A análise pretende explorar a sua compreensão de dois momentos específicos da história francesa recente: a tentativa de golpe de estado pelo general Georges Boulanger em 1889 e o caso Dreyfus. Através de uma análise filológica cuidadosa dos textos e de uma reconstrução precisa das fontes e referências historiográficas, serão investigadas as reflexões históricas e teóricas que o pensador sardo desenvolve a partir destes dois momentos da Terceira República Francesa, lançando também uma nova luz sobre a relação entre Gramsci e França.
O fim da arte, o contemporâneo, o começo do arquivo
Authors: Giorgi Artur De Vargas
Published: October 2019

Este artigo parte de uma articulação dos debates teóricos a respeito do fim da arte, do contemporâneo e do arquivo para apontar, brevemente, como em algumas experiências da arte a força propositiva dessas questões pode ser lida, ainda que de maneira cifrada. Salientamos a prevalência de tais experiências para uma releitura crítica e criativa da história. Desse modo, a arte se apresenta não como reprodução ou representação da história, mas como sua produção ou apresentação diferida.
A razão do ritmo
Authors: Huchet Stéphane
Published: October 2019

As relações entre a arte e a filosofia mostraram-se estreitas desde o momento em que o conceitualismo introduziu a lógica da série nos seus processos. A partir da leitura cruzada entre alguns pensamentos filosóficos de vários horizontes e a obra de artistas dos anos 1970 (Mel Bochner, Robert Smithson), este artigo sugere analogias metodológicas entre construção da proposição artística e construção da proposição filosófica, o que chamamos de “razão do ritmo”. Excertos surpreendentes do “sistema das ideias cosmológicas” e da “arquitetura da razão”, em Kant, ou das famosas “séries” de Lógica do sentido, publicado em 1969 por Gilles Deleuze, permitem problematizar as convergências processuais características de uma fase histórica em que certos artistas procuraram agenciar forças enunciativas parecidas com as do conceito.
Andy Warhol e o cinema como máquina da verdade
Authors: Nogueira Calac
Published: October 2019

Em 1963, no momento em que vivia o auge de sua carreira como artista pop, Andy Warhol passou a realizar também filmes, produzindo-os em ritmo constante até 1968. Este artigo investiga as relações entre pintura e cinema na prática artística de Warhol. Propõe-se uma leitura da obra do artista com base nas noções de aparência, artifício e performance. Em seguida, veremos como essas questões são recolocadas pelos filmes, ao serem confrontadas com qualidades específicas do meio cinematográfico, como o realismo, o movimento e o tempo.
Pode a foto capturar o gesto?
Authors: Abrahão Fernanda Birolli
Published: October 2019

Este artigo reflete sobre a possibilidade da fotografia apreender o gesto, tal como tomado por Jean Galard no texto “A beleza do gesto: uma estética das condutas”. A pergunta parte do argumento de que um ato só pode tornar-se gesto quando observado − e, se assim for, poderia a câmera tomar a função de observador e fotografá-lo como gesto? Para pensar a fotografia, adota-se como base o ensaio “A câmara clara: notas sobre fotografia”, de Roland Barthes, além de outros autores que integram a discussão. Ao final, é analisada uma fotografia da coleção Francisco Rodrigues sob a luz da pergunta “pode a foto capturar o gesto?”.
Pintura e Portinari
Authors: Pedrosa Mário
Published: October 2019

Publicado originalmente em Espelho. Revista da vida moderna, em março de 1935.
Considerações sobre a produção historiográfica no primeiro quartel do século XX a partir do I Congresso Internacional de História da América (1922)
Authors: Nascimento Júnior José Lúcio
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo visa apresentar resultados finais de pesquisa de mestrado que versou sobre a circulação de intelectuais e a produção historiográfica na América Latina no primeiro quartel do século XX. Tomando como objeto de estudo o I Congresso Internacional de História da América realizado entre os dias 08 a 15 de setembro de 1922 como parte das comemorações do Centenário de Independência do Brasil, objetiva-se demonstrar como a produção historiográfica no Brasil estava se configurando e como ela não estava alheia a realizada em outros países, assim como a circulação de intelectuais fazia parte da política de diplomática de diferentes países. Ao final, conclui-se que como a estratégia de realizar Congressos Internacionais de História fazia parte da política de diplomacia cultural estabelecida pelo Itamaraty e que no Brasil já era possível observar contornos da disciplinarização da História no período estudado.
What We Learned from Mediated Embodiment Experiments and Why It Should Matter to Policymakers
Authors: Aymerich-Franch Laura , Fosch-Villaronga Eduard
Published: October 2019

When people embody a virtual or a robotic avatar, their sense of self extends to the body of that avatar. We argue that, as a consequence, if the avatar gets harmed, the person embodied in that avatar suffers the harm in the first person. Potential scenarios involving physical or psychological harm caused to avatars gives rise to legal, moral, and policy implications that need to be considered by policymakers. We maintain that the prevailing distinction in law between “property” and “person” categories compromises the legal protection of the embodied users. We advocate for the inclusion of robotic and virtual avatars in a double category, property–person, as the property and the person mingle in one: the avatar. This hybrid category is critical to protecting users of mediated embodiment experiences both from potential physical or psychological harm and property damage.
An Investigation of the Effects of Driver Age When Using Novel Navigation Systems in a Head-Up Display
Authors: Pampel Sanna M. , Lamb Katherine , Burnett Gary , Skrypchuk Lee , Hare Chrisminder , Mouzakitis Alex
Published: October 2019

Although drivers gain experience with age, many older drivers are faced with age-related deteriorations that can lead to a higher crash risk. Head-Up Displays (HUDs) have been linked to significant improvements in driving performance for older drivers by tackling issues related to aging. For this study, two Augmented Reality (AR) HUD virtual car navigation solutions were tested (one screen-fixed, one world-fixed), aiming to improve navigation performance and reduce the discrepancy between younger and older drivers by aiding the appropriate allocation of attention and easing interpretation of navigational information. Twenty-five participants (12 younger, 13 older) undertook a series of drives within a medium-fidelity simulator with three different navigational conditions (virtual car HUD, static HUD arrow graphic, and traditional head-down satnav). Results showed that older drivers tended to achieve navigational success rates similar to the younger group, but experienced higher objective mental workload. Solely for the static HUD arrow graphic, differences in most workload questionnaire items and objective workload between younger and older participants were not significant. The virtual car led to improved navigation performance of all drivers, compared to the other systems. Hence, both AR HUD systems show potential for older drivers, which needs to be further investigated in a real-world driving context.
Making the Visual Tangible: Substituting Lifting Speed Limits for Object Weight in VR
Authors: Weser Veronica , Proffitt Dennis R.
Published: October 2019

We developed a novel interaction technique that allows virtual reality (VR) users to experience “weight” when hefting virtual, weightless objects. With this technique the perception of weight is evoked via constraints on the speed with which objects can be lifted. When hefted, heavier virtual objects move slower than lighter virtual objects. If lifters move faster than the lifted object, the object will fall. This constraint causes lifters to move slowly when lifting heavy objects. In two studies we showed that the size-weight illusion (SWI) is evoked when this technique is employed. The SWI occurs when two items of identical weight and different size are lifted and the smaller item is perceived as heavier than the larger item. The persistence of this illusion in VR indicates that participants bring their real-world knowledge of the relationship between size and weight to their virtual experience, and suggests that our interaction technique succeeds in making the visible tangible.
Fostering User Acceptance and Trust in Fully Automated Vehicles: Evaluating the Potential of Augmented Reality
Authors: Wintersberger Philipp , Frison Anna-Katharina , Riener Andreas , Sawitzky Tamara von
Published: October 2019

Lack of trust in or acceptance of technology are some of the fundamental problems that might prevent the dissemination of automated driving. Technological advances, such as augmented reality aids like full-sized windshield displays or AR contact lenses, could be of help to provide a better system understanding to the user. In this work, we picked up on the question of whether augmented reality assistance has the potential to increase user acceptance and trust by communicating system decisions (i.e., transparent system behavior). To prove our hypothesis, we conducted two driving simulator studies to investigate the benefit of scenario augmentation in fully automated driving—first in normal (N=26) and then in rearward viewing (N=18) direction. Quantitative results indicate that the augmentation of traffic objects/participants otherwise invisible (e.g., due to dense fog), or the presentation of upcoming driving maneuvers while sitting backwards, is a feasible approach to increase user acceptance and trust. Results are further backed by qualitative findings from semistructured interviews and UX curves (a method to retrospectively report experience over time). We conclude that the application of augmented reality, in particular with the emergence of more powerful, lightweight, or integrated devices, is a good opportunity with high potential for automated driving.
The “Hyper-Presence” of Cultural Heritage in Shaping Collective Memory
Authors: Xiao Zhang , Deling Yang
Published: October 2019

Virtual reality (VR) uses sensorial mimetics to construct collective memory in virtual space. The regeneration of high-definition cultural heritage symbols transforms memory into an immediate experience that is constantly being renewed, strengthens the relationship between cultural heritage and contemporary society, and continually affects the persistent renewal of cultural traditions. Hyper-presence is a networked state of cognitive psychology that lies in links, interactions, and exchanges; it is the result of networked social minds and distributed cognition. In the contemporary moment, cultural heritage takes on three types of progressively developed presence: simulated restoration presence, informationally reproduced presence, and symbolically regenerated presence. Symbolic regeneration belongs to the realm of hyper-presence. Building databases with data collected on cultural heritage is the foundation of building a cognitive agent. As a platform, VR becomes an efficient mode of information dissemination, forming an independent presence for cultural heritage through the reproduction of media and information. In a network society, informatized cultural heritage becomes a source for the production of new cultural symbols, and presence is created through the continuous regeneration and dissemination of symbols. Symbols and regenerated symbols combine to constitute the hyper-presence of informatized cultural heritage; people's understanding of cultural heritage therefore exists in an ever-changing state. Intelligences with presence on the network form a complete system, and VR creates comprehensive cognition for the system through high-definition virtuality. Formed in the coordination between intelligences, collective memory creates its hyper-presence today.
Unexpected diversity of Lacon Laporte, 1838 (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Agrypninae) in the Levant: revised species concepts, new species, and an identification key
Authors: KUNDRATA ROBIN , MERTLIK JOSEF , NÉMETH TAMÁS
Published: October 2019

The species of genus Lacon Laporte, 1838 from the Levant are taxonomically revised. Currently, 18 species are known from the area covering the island of Cyprus and mainland from Hatay province of Turkey to Israel. Six species are described as new for science: Lacon mucheibensis sp. nov. (Israel), L. qatanensis sp. nov. (Syria), L. platiai sp. nov. (Jordan), L. safitensis sp. nov. (Syria), L. tafilensis sp. nov. (Jordan), and L. zenobiae sp. nov. (Lebanon, Syria). Lacon freidbergi Platia, 2010 is synonymized with L. lithophilus (Candèze, 1857), and L. kapleri Platia & Schimmel, 1994 with L. graecus (Candèze, 1857). Lacon drusus (Marseul, 1870) is recorded for the first time from Israel. Lacon lithophilus is recorded for the first time from Israel and Jordan. Lacon graecus is removed from the fauna of Levant, because all earlier reports of this species from Lebanon and Syria were based on misidentifications. Figures of habitus and main diagnostic features are provided for all species and an identification key to the Lacon species of the Levant is given.
Description of male and habitat of Haroldius turnai Král (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)
Authors: JIANG RI-XIN , XU YI-YANG , WANG SHUO
Published: October 2019

The small-sized genus Haroldius Boucomont, 1914 consists of 38 known species widely distributed in the Old World including South Asia, Southeast Asia and West Africa (Pereira 1954; Krikken & Huijbregts 2006; Král & Hájek 2012). Members of this genus are probably saprophagous or mycophagous (Scheuern 1995) and so far were collected by light traps, sifted from leaf litter or soil and captured by flight interception traps (Paulian 1939; Paulian & Scheuern 1994; Krikken & Huijbregts 2006). Some researches suggested that they could have precise ecological relationship with ants. Their myrmecophily habit was indicated mainly by the special morphological characters including smooth body and the characteristically broad­ened and flattened tibiae (Pereira 1954; Krell & Philips 2010). However, their bi­ology are still rarely reported, and the larvae are still unknown (Pereira 1954; Krikken & Huijbregts 2006).
Two new species of Bairdiidae (Ostracoda: Crustacea) from the western Pacific coast of Japan
Authors: HORIKOSHI HIDEYUKI , NAKAO YURIKO , TSUKAGOSHI AKIRA
Published: October 2019

Herein, two new bairdiid ostracod species in the western Pacific Coast of Japan, namely Neonesidea kamiyai sp. nov. and Bairdoppilata japonica sp. nov. are described. They are the fourth and first species described in their respective genus in Japan within the Recent Bairdiidae. The description of the two new species is based on scanning electron microscopic investigation of carapaces and on the analysis of anatomy and chaetotaxy of appendages. Scanning electron microscopy of the carapace and soft-part anatomy of appendages of the two new species provided the complete species description. An asymmetric brush-shaped organ, with the right part considerably larger than the left part, is found in both species; this characteristic is suggested to be synapomorphic for some taxa in the family Bairdiidae.
A review of the Afrotropical genus Kenyacus (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalini) from the Rwenzori Mountains, with description of seven new species
Authors: KATAEV BORIS M.
Published: October 2019

A taxonomic review of the Afrotropical genus Kenyacus Alluaud, 1917 from the Rwenzori Mountains is given. Tropicoritus Alluaud, 1917 is treated as a new synonym of Kenyacus. Seven new species are described from the eastern part of the Rwenzori Mountains National Park (Uganda): K. gusarovi sp. n., K. parvus sp. n., K. berndi sp. n., K. trechoides sp. n., K. angustatus sp. n., K. similis sp. n. and K. pusillus sp. n. Two species previously known from the Rwenzori Mountains, K. ruwenzorii (Alluaud, 1917) and K. ruwenzoricus Basilewsky, 1955, are re-described, and a key to all described species of Kenyacus from these mountains is provided. The taxonomic position of Kenyacus within the subtribe Stenolophina is discussed. The genus Kenyacus is considered as a member of the Acupalpi genus group and closely related to the genus Anthracus sensu Jaeger, 2012.
A new brachypterous Filchneria and two new generic records for China, Arcynopteryx and Pictetiella (Plecoptera: Perlodidae)
Authors: CHEN ZHI-TENG
Published: October 2019

A new brachypterous species of the perlodid genus Filchneria Klapálek 1908, F. wusuensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of northwestern China. An additional unidentified specimen, Filchneria sp. is recorded from Heilongjiang Province of northeastern China. Two other perlodid genera, Arcynopteryx Klapálek, 1904 and Pictetiella Illies, 1966 are newly reported from China. The macropterous form of A. polaris Klapálek, 1912 and P. asiatica Zwick & Levanidova, 1971 are reported from Jilin Province of northeastern China for the first time. Finally, an updated checklist and adult key to genera of Perlodidae known from China are provided.
First record of Hermatobatidae from China, with description of Hermatobates lingyangjiaoensis sp. n. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)
Authors: LUO JIUYANG , CHEN PINGPING , WANG YANHUI , XIE QIANG
Published: October 2019

The family Hermatobatidae Poisson, 1965 is recorded for the first time from China and Hermatobates lingyangjiaoensis sp. n. is described. Photographs of the male and female habitus, legs, metasternum, and male genitalic structures, and scanning electron micrographs of the male metasternum and propleuron are provided. A key to all the species currently recognized in the H. weddi species group is presented. Distribution maps for the species of Hermatobates in China and Southeast Asia are also provided. Further, a photograph documenting the feeding of Hermatobates on Halovelia is presented for the first time to serve as direct evidence of the feeding habits of Hermatobates.