bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methods for measuring the spatial mobility of tourists using a network theory approach
Authors: Nod Gabriella , Aubert Antal
Published: September 2022

The present study uses the methodological tools of network theory to investigate the spatial movements of tourists in the sample area, which is the South Transdanubian tourism region of Hungary. The basic idea of the study is that tourist movements across settlements in a larger tourist destination make a coherent network. As long as the approach is correct, this network can be measured by properties that are characteristic of networks, such as centrality or degree. A review of the methodology of similar studies previously published on the subject has been used to supplement the method of analysis used below. As a result, the study not only characterised the sample area municipalities in terms of network characteristics, but also classified them into clusters for strategic planning purposes on the basis of the mobility propensity of the tourists staying there.
Kern, L.: Feminist City: Claiming Space in a Man-made World
Authors: Sági Mirjam
Published: September 2022

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Leorke, D. and Owens, M. (eds.): Games and Play in the Creative, Smart and Ecological City
Authors: Tóbiás Katinka
Published: September 2022

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Investigation of muscle fatigue of the archer’s during endurance shooting
Authors: Hamdan Zul Amer , Ahmad@Manap Zulkifli , Johari Nasrul Hadi
Published: September 2022

Endurance of Drawing-Aim-Release (DAR) during the shooting process in archery will be causing the muscles to fatigue. Besides, the archer's inability to use the right muscles for DAR will lead to a muscle injury as well as dropping the performance. This study aims  to monitor the localized muscle fatigue of an archer during the repetitive DAR and its effect to the archer’s performance. Wet electrode sensors were placed on the specific muscles that are heavily involved in DAR such as Muscle Extensor Digitorum (MED) on the archer's bow arm and the Supraspinatus muscle at the shoulder. In order to induce fatigue, the archer has shot 72 arrows continously in 2 rounds of set. The surface electromyography (sEMG) signals of the muscle contraction are recorded during the shooting for the post-processing analysis. Each score of the shooting  was also recorded to correlate with the effect of muscle fatigue to the archer’s performance. The finding of this study is that the MED and Supraspinatus begin to fatigue toward the end of each shooting round. The Root Mean Square (RMS) and Median Frequency (MDF) values for both targeted muscles increased significantly during the 6th end compare to the 1st end. It is also found that there is no correlation between muscle fatigue on MED and Supraspinatus to the score obtained by the archer where the F value is lower than F-critical while Draw (1.9339), Aim (1.3754) and Release (0.6515) phases. In conclusion, this experiment benefits archers and coaches to identify which muscles are vigorously used during the DAR process and allows for precaution and prevention procedures.
Optimisation of vehicle routing problem with time windows using Harris Hawks optimiser
Authors: S.W. Chai  , M.R. Kamaluddin  , Ab. Rashid Mohd Fadzil Faisae
Published: September 2022

Vehicle routing problem is one of the combinatorial optimisation problems that have gained attraction for studies because of its complexity and significant impact to service providers and passengers. Vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) is a variant where vehicles need to visit the predetermined stop points within the given time frame. This problem has been widely studied and optimised using different methods. Since the performance of algorithms in different problems is dissimilar, the study to optimise the VRPTW is ongoing. This paper presents a VRPTW study for a public transportation network in Kuantan and Pekan districts, located in East Pahang, Malaysia. There were 52 stop points to be visited within two hours. The main objective of the study is to minimise the number of vehicles to be assigned for the routing problem subjected to the given time windows. The problem was optimised using a new algorithm known as Harris Hawks Optimiser (HHO). To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to build HHO algorithm for VRPTW problem. Computational experiment indicated that the HHO came up with the best average fitness compared with other comparison algorithms in this study including Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO), Moth Flame Optimiser (MFO), and Whale Optimisation Algorithm (WOA). The optimisation results also indicated that all the stop points can be visited within the given time frames by using three vehicles.
Potential utility of a non-invasive menstrual blood immunophenotype analysis in reproductive medicine
Authors: Marron Kevin , Harrity Conor
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine if a comprehensive flow cytometry panel could be used to assess immunophenotype profiles in menstrual blood of patients experiencing reproductive failure and age-matched controls of proven fertility. Menstrual blood samples of 58 recurrent pregnancy loss and repeated implantation failure patients, along with 15 age-matched controls of proven fertility, were obtained within the first 24 h of the onset of menstruation to non-invasively assess the local immunophenotype. Using a comprehensive multi-parameter flow panel, the lymphocyte sub-populations were described and compared. In relation to well-established peripheral blood immunophenotyping values, distinct lymphocyte population differences were noted between the subgroups. The ratios of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were inverted in relation to peripheral blood, and uterine natural killler (NK) cells represented by CD56bright were distinctly visualised, emphasising the distinction between menstrual and peripheral blood. In relation to controls, there were marked increases in CD3+ve T-cells (P = 0.009), CD4:CD8 ratio (P = 0.004), CD19 B-cells (P = 0.026) and CD56dim NK cells (P = 0.002) in the reproductive failure cases. The study shows that flow cytometric evaluation could provide a rapid and objective analysis of lymphocyte subpopulations in many forms of tissue and fluid. The findings show significant variations in cellular composition of immune cells indicating a distinct compartment, with differences between cases and controls. Immunological assessment of the menstrual blood immunophenotype, in clinically appropriate patients, may provide insight into the aetiology of adverse reproductive outcome, without the risks and inconveniences associated with a more invasive endometrial biopsy.

Lay summary

Unexplained infertility is a difficult issue for patients and physicians, but despite diagnostic strides and innovative methods, there are no clear solutions. The involvement of an overactive or underactive immune system in selected cases is undeniable, and the endometrial lining is the most relevant area for investigation because this is where the embryo implants. Endometrial investigations, however, are highly invasive, involve medication and have to be done at the right time. The method described and evaluated here is an alternative assessment which avoids these difficulties and can be used in a clinical setting.
Liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1) regulates follicle vasculature during ovulation in mice
Authors: Guzmán Adrian , Hughes Camilla H K , Murphy Bruce D
Published: September 2022

In brief

It is well-established that liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1/NR5A2) regulates the ovarian function and is required for ovulation and luteinization in mice. In the present experiment, we showed that LRH-1 is required to control vascular changes during ovulation, a novel mechanism of action of this orphan nuclear receptor.

Liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1/NR5A2) is a key regulator of ovarian function, and recently, it has been suggested that it may regulate changes in follicular angiogenesis, an important event during the ovulatory process and luteal development. In the present experiment, the objective was to determine whether conditional depletion of LRH-1 in mice granulosa cells modified vascular changes during the periovulatory period and to explore the possible mechanisms of this modification. We generated mice (22- to 25-day-old) with specific depletion of LRH-1 in granulosa cells by crossing Lrh1 floxed (Lrh1 f/f) mice with mice expressing Cre-recombinase driven by the anti-Müllerian type II receptor (Amhr2-cre; conditional knockout or cKO mice). We showed that preovulatory follicles of LRH-1 cKO mice had a reduced number of endothelial cells in the theca cell layer at 8 h after human chorionic gonadotropin treatment compared with control (CON) mice. Additionally, mRNA and protein expression of leptin receptor (LEPR), a protein that stimulates angiogenesis in a vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA)-dependent manner, and teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor-1 (TDGF1), which may directly stimulate endothelial cell function, were reduced in LRH-1 cKO mice as compared to CON after the LH surge. These results showed that LRH-1 is necessary for the correct vascular changes that accompany ovulation in mice and that this effect may be regulated through VEGFA-dependent and VEGFA-independent pathways mediated by LEPR and TDGF1.
Low-velocity impact performance of glass fiber, kenaf fiber, and hybrid glass/kenaf fiber reinforced epoxy composite laminates
Authors: Majid Dayang Laila , Jamal Qistina Mohd , Manan Nor Hafizah
Published: September 2022

The goal to decrease global dependency on petroleum-based materials has created a demand for bio-based composites. Composites that are reinforced with natural fibers often display reduced strength compared with those using synthetic reinforcement, and hybridizing both types of reinforcement within a common matrix system offers a possibly useful compromise. This research investigated the low-velocity impact performance of glass, kenaf, and hybrid glass/kenaf reinforced epoxy composite plates. The aim of the study was to determine the low-velocity impact behavior of biocomposite material in assessing its potential for application in the radome structures of aircraft. Natural fibers possess low dielectric constants, which is a primary requirement for radome. However, the structural integrity of the material to impact damage is also a concern. Composite samples were prepared via a vacuum infusion method. A drop weight impact test was performed at energy levels of 3 J, 6 J, and 9 J. The Impact tests showed that the impact peak force and displacement increased with the energy level. Hybrid glass/kenaf composites displayed damage modes of circular and biaxial cracking. The former is analogous to the damage observed in glass-reinforced composite, while the latter is unique to woven kenaf reinforced composites. The severity of the damage increased with impact energy and was found to be significant at 3 J.
Xylitol production from prehydrolysis liquor of kraft-based dissolving pulp by Candida tropicalis
Authors: Liu Shanshan , He Huili , Fu Xin , Yuan Tianzhong , Wang Qiang , Yang Guihua , Zhang Hui , Ding Mingqi , Liao Changlyu
Published: September 2022

Xylitol production from the hemicelluloses of prehydrolysis liquor (PHL) is of practical interest from both economic and environmental standpoints. The removal of the inhibitors, e.g., lignin, acetic acid, and furfural, is the key to improving the conversion of xylose to xylitol when Candida tropicalis fermentation is used. For this purpose, a full chain process involving activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange resin treatment, acidolysis, and fermentation was considered in this work. The results showed that 72.6% of lignin and 67.1% of furfural were removed using an activated carbon dosage of 20 mg/g PHL. Additionally, 61.2% of acetic acid was also removed at a resin dosage of 100 mg/g PHL. Subsequently, acidolysis using sulfuric acid and pH adjustment with lime was performed on the treated PHL to convert the oligosaccharides into monosaccharides; a yield of 0.40 g xylitol/g xylose was achieved via treating the PHL with Candida tropicalis fermentation at 30 °C, 200 rpm, and 96 h. In addition, a material balance was determined for the full chain process.
Using deciduous branch wood and conifer spindle wood to manufacture panels with transverse structure
Authors: Olarescu Alin M. , Lunguleasa Aurel , Radulescu Loredana
Published: September 2022

The increasing demand on the wood market makes it necessary to use all secondary resources, including the wood branches and spindles. The properties of deciduous branches and softwood spindles were evaluated in order to create wood panels, highlighting the transverse texture with high value added. The research analyzed the properties of the wood from deciduous (beech, maple) branches and from conifer (spruce, fir) spindles. The methodology of obtaining panels with transversal structure was also presented. The production of minor wood (branches or spindles) was 254 m3/ha/year in the case of beech (branches) and 109 m3/ha/year in the case of spruce (spindles). The proportion of compression wood for spruce had an average value of 40.6%. A similar value of tension wood for beech was obtained. The modulus of elasticity for pine spindle wood was 71.7% lower than the modulus of elasticity for bending strength in the trunk. The quality index was 36.7% lower in the case of spindles than in the case of pine trunk, and the value of the quality ratio in branch maple wood was 2.61% lower than in trunk wood. Thus, even if it is not the only efficient solution, wood in the minor portions can be used to make high value-added panels such as those that highlight the transverse structure.
Acquisition of Word-formation Competence by Children Aged 3 to 6 Based on the Example of nomina agentis
Authors: Siudzińska Natalia , Jankowska Ewelina
Published: September 2022

The article presents how preschool children (aged 3 to 6) develop word-formation competences in the category of nomina agentis (names of agents). The linguistic material was collected with the author’s questionnaire. The tasks in this questionnaire were preceded by an example that led the child to the correct word formation scheme. The quantitative and qualitative analysis was created with the division into verbal formants (-acz and -ator) and nominal formants (-arz and -owiec). The analysis included the coding (creation) and decoding (an indication of the motivating word) of derivatives.The research showed how the process of acquiring word formation skills worked in the case of preschool children (aged 3 to 6) of similar social backgrounds. They confirmed that their word-building competence increased linearly, indicated the age at which they start developing these functions and what strategies they used when they were unable to complete the tasks. Among the 1,280 researched utterances, the most common children’s operations were the creation of tranpositional derivatives (e.g. słuchanie), neologisms (e.g. organizacz, organizek, organizant; dokuczaniec, dokucznik; mydłowiec), alternation and adding connectives (e.g. zabaw-l-owiec; kostk-ow-ek). The conclusions reached after the analysis of the material were compared with the hypotheses found in the literature on the subject matter and with the results of other researchers.
UK Expert Consensus Statement for the Optimal Use and Clinical Utility of Leadless Pacing Systems on Behalf of the British Heart Rhythm Society
Authors: Roberts Paul R , ElRefai Mohamed , Foley Paul , Rao Archana , Sharman David , Somani Riyaz , Sporton Simon , Wright Gary , Zaidi Amir , Pepper Chris ,   British Heart Rhythm Society
Published: September 2022

Pacemakers are a key technology in the treatment of bradyarrhythmias. Leadless pacemakers (LP) were introduced to address limitations of transvenous devices. However, guidelines and other restrictions have led to LPs becoming niche products. The aim of this consensus statement was to determine the strength of opinion of UK implantation experts as to how LPs can be more optimally used. Using a modified Delphi approach, a panel of LP experts developed 36 statements that were used to form a survey that was distributed to LP implanters in the UK. Stopping criteria included a 3-month window for response, a minimum 25% response rate and at least 75% of statements achieving the threshold for consensus (agreed at 66%). In all, 31 of 36 statements reached consensus, and 23 of these achieved ≥90% agreement. Five statements did not achieve consensus. On the basis of these results, seven recommendations were proposed. The implementation of these recommendations may increase the use of LPs, with the aim of improving patient outcomes.
Serum phosphate is not an early predictor of neurocognitive outcomes in acute carbon monoxide poisoning patients
Authors: Lee Yuseon , Kim Sung Hwa , Cha Yong Sung
Published: September 2022

Objective Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning causes brain injury by hypoxia and inflammatory mechanisms. Hypoxic conditions result in increased serum phosphate concentration due to loss of polarity of the cell membrane, changes in membrane fluidity, and consequent destruction of phospholipids in the cell membrane. This study aimed to evaluate whether serum phosphate measured in the emergency department (ED) can serve as an early predictor of neurocognitive sequelae 1 month after acute CO poisoning.Methods We included patients ≥16 years with acute CO poisoning from a cohort who were treated at a single tertiary academic hospital in Wonju, Korea, between January 2006 and May 2021. Neurocognitive outcome was assessed using the Global Deterioration Scale score; patients were classified into favorable (1–3 points) or poor (4–7 points) neurocognitive outcome groups based on this score. These two groups were compared before and after propensity score matching.Results Data from 888 patients were analyzed. Seven hundred seventy-one patients (86.8%) were assigned to the favorable outcome group and 117 patients (13.2%) to the poor outcome group. Patients with a poor outcome had a higher mean serum phosphate level than those with a favorable outcome (3.9 mg/dL vs. 3.5 mg/dL, P=0.001). Propensity score matching yielded 85 matched patient pairs. After matching, serum phosphate level in the ED was not significantly different between the favorable and poor outcome groups (3.9 vs. 3.7 mg/dL, P=0.349).Conclusion Serum phosphate level measured in the ED did not predict poor neurocognitive outcomes 1 month after CO poisoning.
Determinantes sociales de salud y su relación con desnutrición infantil en dos comunidades étnicas colombianas
Authors: Rios Ana Liliana , Baquero Latorre Hernando Miguel , Ruiz Martinez Lucia , Castro Mercado Sandra , Alosno Palacio Luz Marina , Tuesca Molina Rafael
Published: September 2022

Objetivo Identificar la relación entre los determinantes sociales de la salud y el estado nutricional de los niños pertenecientes a dos comunidades indígenas de la Costa Caribe colombiana, los wayús y los zenús.
Métodos Estudio transversal que aborda el estado nutricional de los wayús y los zenús en edad preescolar y escolar. Incluyendo, además, estimación de determinantes sociales de la salud, referida por cuidadores de menores, que aborda algunos aspectos de ejes de desigualdad de tipo estructural (etnia, territorio, edad y sexo) e intermedios: vivienda, entorno y redes, mediante instrumentos de salud familiar. Se estandarizaron métricas de talla, peso e insumos de familiograma y ecomapa. Se estimaron medidas descriptivas de tipo frecuentistas y de medidas de tendencia central. Se estimó la odds ratio y su relación con variables independientes.
Resultados La prevalencia de desnutrición global en la etnia Wayú fue del 59,1% IC (47,5-69,8) y en la etnia Zenú del 22,4% IC (15,9-30,4) para una p<0,001. Esta diferencia se relaciona con factores de riesgo intermediarios de saneamiento: inadecuadas excretas con OR=2.54; IC (1.42-4.53) p=0.002, la falta de empleo OR=1.94; IC (1.09-3.46) P=0.03 y falta de acceso a servicios de salud occidental OR=2.42; IC (1.34-4.40) p=0.005.
Conclusiones La mejora en la nutrición requiere intervenir determinantes intermedios relacionados con saneamiento, modelo de salud, intersectorialidad de políticas en salud más enfoque étnico-cultural y territorial
Conocimientos y prácticas de indígenas universitarios sobre plantas sagradas y sustancias psicoactivas. Medellín, Colombia.
Authors: Mendoza Ríos Abraham , Posada Zapata Isabel Cristina
Published: September 2022

Objetivo Analizar los conocimientos y las prácticas de estudiantes indígenas de una universidad de Medellín sobre las plantas sagradas y sustancias psicoactivas. Métodos Se utilizó un enfoque histórico-hermenéutico y la teoría fundamentada enraizada en el interaccionismo simbólico como base teórica; la codificación y categorización fueron las técnicas de análisis. Finalmente, se realizaron seis entrevistas semies-tructuradas y dos grupos focales. Resultados La población estudiantil diferencia los significados entre plantas sagradas y sustancias psicoactivas, de acuerdo con los contextos de la comunidad indígena y la occidental, respectivamente. Se identificó el papel que juegan el contexto, la interacción con pares y la identidad cultural para la construcción de tales significados y la validación de las prácticas. Conclusión La occidentalización en las tribus indígenas de Colombia por medio de militarismo, medios de comunicación e indígenas universitarios permeabilizados por la vida urbana, origina rupturas en la fortaleza de la identidad cultural. Así, se fragmentan las ideologías tradicionales de la comunidad y se deteriora el conocimiento ancestral sobre plantas sagradas comunicado de generación en generación.
Chlamydia trachomatis, virus herpes simple-2 y Neisseria gonohrroeae: prevalencia y factores de riesgo en estudiantes
Authors: Cuervo Araque Claudia Maria , Gaviria Nuñez Angela , Quiroga Sierra Ana , González Niño Andrés
Published: September 2022

Objetivo Determinar la prevalencia de Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), virus herpes simple-2 (VHS-2) y N. gonorrhoeae (NG) y los factores de riesgo relacionados con la infección, en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Medellín.
Metodología Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en un grupo de 323 estudiantes universitarios. A través de un formulario en línea, se realizó el reporte de los factores de riesgo y síntomas relacionados con infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) y luego se determinó la presencia de anticuerpos IgG y IgM para CT y VHS-2 y se realizó una prueba de PCR-RT para detectar NG y CT.
Resultados La frecuencia de IgG para CT fue del 13% y la positividad para IgM fue del 11,9%. La frecuencia de IgG para VHS-2 fue del 11,8% y la frecuencia de CT y NG por la prueba PCR-RT fue del 1,5% y del 0%, respectivamente. Los factores de riesgo más frecuentes fueron: vida sexual activa en el 96,9%, uso algunas veces o nunca del condón en un 75,2%. Reportaron que tenían secreción genital el 13,6% de los estudiantes; úlceras, el 2,8%; verrugas, el 5,3%; ardor al orinar, el 15,5%; ampollas, el 4,6%, y diagnóstico previo de una ITS, el 18,9% de los estudiantes.
Conclusión Se encontró CT y VHS-2 entre los jóvenes estudiados y además una alta frecuencia de factores de riesgo para la adquisición de ITS. Se recomienda mejorar las campañas de prevención y diagnóstico de las ITS en los jóvenes universitarios.
Valoración del riego de adicción a tramadol en pacientes con dolor crónico no oncológico
Authors: Robayo Gonzalez Claudia Ximena , Quevedo Buitrago William Giovanni , Chaves Silva Diana Carolina , Gónimo- Valero Edmundo
Published: September 2022

Objetivo El manejo del dolor crónico no oncológico con analgésicos opioides ha sido de importancia para el control de los síntomas y el restablecimiento de la actividad, sin embargo, el riesgo de adicción asociado a estos medicamentos es ampliamente conocido y evaluado. Este estudio evalúa el riesgo de adicción que presentaban los pacientes con manejo de tramadol describiendo los factores mas frecuentes en la muestra estudiada frente a lo reportado en la literatura.
Métodos Una muestra de 76 pacientes de una clínica de dolor que están en manejo con tramadol y se les administra un cuestionario con características demográficas y con la escala Opioid Risk Tool para el riesgo de adicción.
Resultados El 57,89% de los sujetos fueron mujeres, el 55,20% se encontraba entre los 29 y 59 años. El riesgo de adicción moderado se encontró en el 9,09% de las mujeres y en el 37,05% de los hombres. La inclusión de otras enfermedades como ansiedad y trastorno de estrés postraumático aumenta el riesgo de adicción a severo en 6,06% de los hombres.
Conclusiones La valoración del riesgo de adicción a opioides debe tener en cuenta los factores encontrados en la población colombiana.
Los límites propios de los mercados en la provisión de los bienes y servicios
Authors: González Jorge Iván
Published: September 2022

Se examinan cuatro aproximaciones sobre los procesos y limitaciones de los marcados, y los de no mercado: Smith, Arrow, Becker y Roth. Smith centra la atención en el sentimiento moral de la simpatía, Arrow pone el énfasis en las asimetrías lógicas que se presentan entre la elección individual y la colectiva, Becker busca ampliar el sistema de precios a través de los incentivos, y Roth destaca la relevancia de la sicología y de la conducta humana.
La Promoción de la Salud en Colombia y su alcance en el complejo entramado político nacional (1990-2019)
Authors: Robledo-Martínez Rocío
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo examina el alcance de la promoción de la salud en el marco del escenario político colombiano, a la luz de los lineamientos planteados en la Carta de Ottawa, en el año de 1986. Teniendo en cuenta que la Carta de Ottawa definió unos prerrequisitos o condiciones para la salud, la paz, la educación, la vivienda, la alimentación, la renta, un ecosistema estable, la justicia social, la equidad y que determinó para su acción cinco áreas operativas, formulación de políticas públicas saludables, creación de entornos saludables, fortalecimiento de participación social, desarrollo de aptitudes personales y reorientación de servicios de salud, se aborda la estrategia, en este ensayo, desde el carácter político de la promoción de la salud, moviéndose en el terreno de la salud pública, las políticas públicas saludables y las nociones de política, poder y poder político.
A nivel país, se argumentan como fuerzas de influencia sobre el tránsito político de la promoción de la salud en Colombia, desde su adopción en el año 1992, la reglamentación de la descentralización, la Constitución de 1991, la reforma del sistema de salud en 1993 y sus respectivas transiciones, los cambios en el modelo económico, la guerra, la violencia, el narcotráfico, la pobreza, la inequidad y las desigualdades territoriales; internacionalmente, la globalización, la corriente neoliberal, las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y las fluctuaciones conceptuales y operativas de los principios de la Promoción de la Salud y de Atención Primaria en Salud.
Evolución del sistema de salud colombiano: ¿qué queda de la Ley 100 de 1993?
Authors: Restrepo-Zea Jairo Humberto
Published: September 2022

La reforma colombiana al sistema de salud, adoptada mediante la Ley 100 de 1993, constituye una política pública con grandes pretensiones y cambios institucionales y financieros significativos. La meta principal se refiere a la cobertura universal del aseguramiento, financiada con recursos públicos, con una dirección estatal y una administración confiada a las empresas promotoras de salud, quienes se encargan de garantizar el acceso al plan de beneficios en salud a través de las instituciones prestadoras de servicios. A partir de esta línea base, se desarrolla una mirada sobre los principales cambios normativos para responder a la pregunta de qué tanto ha cambiado el sistema adoptado mediante la Ley 100. En lo que respecta al aseguramiento, el sistema se conserva intacto y, más bien, se ha fortalecido, buscando la cobertura universal y mejoras en el acceso. Los principales cambios se han dado en el financiamiento. Luego de un ciclo con bajos aportes gubernamentales, a partir de 2010 se ha contado con mayores recursos fiscales y una menor participación de las cotizaciones. En la parte institucional, se presentan algunas mejoras como la creación de la entidad administradora de los recursos del sistema y del Instituto de Evaluación Tecnológica en Salud, así como el fortalecimiento de la regulación de precios y la política farmacéutica, pero resulta una pérdida la desaparición del Consejo Nacional y de la Comisión de Regulación, lo que significa un debilitamiento de la gobernanza.
Factores psicosociales en residentes de especialidades médicas en Barranquilla. Dimensiones demandas de trabajo
Authors: Pinillos Patiño Yisel , Acosta Fernández Martín , Jiménez Torres Susana , Gauna Quiñonez Aura
Published: September 2022

Objetivo Describir los factores psicosociales en las dimensiones demandas de trabajo en los residentes de especialidades médicas en Barranquilla. Métodos Estudio cualitativo con metodología fenomenológica en residentes de especialidades médicas adscritos a una institución de educación superior en Barranquilla. Mediante entrevistas en profundidad se recogieron las experiencias, vivencias y consideraciones manifestadas en su vida cotidiana y en su salud mental, frente a las situaciones que afrontan a diario en su formación en el contexto laboral en medio de la ejecución de sus responsabilidades operativas. Resultados En el dominio de demandas de trabajo se concentraron las cinco dimensiones más sobresalientes, con 266 testimonios-demandas de autocontrol emocional; seguidos de 237 en la dimensión demandas cuantitativa; 165, en demandas de carga mental; 152, en demandas ambientales y de esfuerzo físico; y 142, en exigencias de responsabilidad del cargo. Conclusiones Es importante revisar las cargas de las demandas de trabajo a lo largo del curso de la residencia de las especialidades medico quirúrgicas para disminuir los riesgos psicosociales en el desempeño de sus funciones.
Cambios en la práctica de actividad física durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Pinillos Patiño Yisel , Herazo Beltrán Yaneth , Sánchez Guette Lilibeth , Prieto Suárez Edgar , León-Méndez Deisy , Trespalacios-Villanueva Luz Elena , Campo-Rivas Carlos , Ríos-Cera Kevin , Valencia-Aguirre Diana
Published: September 2022

Objetivo Determinar los cambios en la práctica de actividad física durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en sujetos adultos.
Métodos Estudio de corte transversal en 812 adultos de la región caribe colombiana. Se aplicó una encuesta vía telefónica, la cual registró: edad, sexo, nivel educativo y estrato socioeconómico; a su vez, se aplicó el Cuestionario de Intención hacia la actividad física de Prochaska y Marcus para medir las etapas de cambio hacia la actividad física. Se indagó sobre el tiempo sentado al día frente a pantallas como televisión, computador y celular. Las mediciones se realizaron entre los meses mayo y julio de 2020. Se realizó una regresión logística binaria para determinar la relación entre los factores individuales y la práctica de actividad física durante la pandemia.
Resultados La proporción de personas que se categorizan en las tres primeras etapas de cambio aumentó de 65% en la medición antes de pandemia a 74,4% después de 4 meses de aislamiento social (p=0,0001). El promedio de horas al día en la población general frente al TV es de 2,7±2 horas; ante celulares, es de 3,8±2,8 horas, y 2,4±2,7 horas frente al computador. Las mujeres tuvieron mayor riesgo de no práctica de actividad física [OR 1,9 (IC 95% 1,4-2,7)], junto con las personas de nivel educativo bajo [OR 1,7 (IC 95% 1,2-2,4)] y las de edad mayor [OR 1,7 (IC 95% 1,3-2,4)].
Conclusión La pandemia por COVID-19 ha incrementado la inactividad física y los comportamientos sedentarios, los cuales varían según las características individuales.
Attitude to Labor among Learners of Industrial Colleges in Russia, China and Iran
Authors: Zakharova Lyudmila N. , Saralieva Zaretkhan H. , Ghadbeigi Zahra , Zhu Liuchuan
Published: September 2022

Introduction. A contradiction which we are able to observe over a few recent decades between necessity to participate in innovative processes and their natural stressogenic character has underlined the importance of developing programs for proactive organizational socialization which will be capable of building up successful behavior competences in VUCA environment in Industry 4.0. When self-actualization in labor is being devalued, attitude to labor is now considered as a key competence. Purpose: to reveal features of attitude to labor as a basis of professional socialization of learners studying at industrial colleges in countries which are now entering the new technological reality with a different degree of success: Russia, China and Iran.
Materials and Methods. The analysis draws on the data obtained with WorkBAT method developed by J. Spence and A. Robbins, and their correlation with the values of organizational cultures which are characteristic of industrial colleges. The data on organizational cultures were obtained with OCAI method developed by C. Cameron and R. Quinn.
Results. Russian students do not feel the changed nature of labor, their attitude to it is substituted by a wish to strengthen clan-based and loosen hierarchical components of the organizational cultures. Iranian students have a negative attitude to labor in a real hierarchical environment and a positive attitude to it in an innovative market environment, which suggests that they would be engaged and emotionally satisfied. Chinese students, having experienced specific organizational cultures of innovative companies in real life, have a positive attitude to labor in a hierarchical environment of stability and certainty.
Discussion and Conclusion. The findings contribute to the development of scientific understanding of the role of value-based work readiness in the turbulent environment of a modern enterprise and the psychological mechanisms of proactive organizational socialization, taking into account socio-cultural country specificity.
The Problem of Personal Security: An Analysis of Basic Concepts and Approaches to Modeling
Authors: Likholetov Valeriy V. , Abdullin Asat G.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The problem of security is extremely relevant for humanity as a whole and for the individual in particular. It is closely connected, for a person, with the main concepts – “life” and “death”, is interdisciplinary and the key to all arts and a huge number of sciences. However, the largely isolated development of their thesauri and model tools led to the formation of very eclectic conceptual and model apparatuses, exacerbated the problem of generalization (conceptual synthesis) and reduction in the dimension of the problem field. The purpose of the work is to analyze the basic concepts and model tools of the problem field of personal security. Materials and Methods. Systematic and interdisciplinary approaches and methods were applied: analysis and conceptual synthesis; analogy and transfer of knowledge; generalized method of qualitative structures; modeling, including the idea of multimodel descriptions and model games when used for these purposes, adequate to the reality of the collision of opposing models. In the case of insufficient evidence to confirm the hypotheses put forward at specific levels of the system hierarchy, we carried out the transition to the super system, as required by the conclusion following from the proofs of Kurt Gödel’s well-known theorems “On incompleteness”. Results. When understanding the problem of the security of the personality of a multidimensional person, the benefits of the transfer of knowledge and meaningful procedures, according to generalizations of concepts. Using the concept of “personality” as an example, the effectiveness of using the GMQS by I. M. Kalinauskas – B. V. Shmakov for the purposes of conceptual synthesis. The prospects of a multi-model description of the vast problem field of personal security by opposing models and model games of the type of “Life Strategy of a Creative Personality” by G. S. Altshuller – I. M. Vertkin. It is hypothesized that the current problem of “identity depersonalization” in thesauri and modeling, as well as the design and construction of multi-aspect systems for ensuring the personal safety of people in the future, can be removed in the process of creating their individual model “digital twins”. Discussion and Conclusion. The conducted research contributes to the development of ideas about the scale and depth of the problematic field of personal security. The materials of the article will be useful to a wide range of researchers and practitioners engaged in research and solving not only the aggravated “eternalˮ problems, but also new problems of ensuring the security of an individual that arise in the conditions of digitalization of the life of modern society.
Cyberbullying of Vietnamese High Schoolers during Social Distancing due to COVID-19
Authors: Murafa Svetlana V. , Hoang Trung Hoc , Chu Thị Phương
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the problems encountered by Vietnamese schoolchildren during the period of strict restrictions in the form of social distancing to combat the 4th wave of COVID-19 in Vietnam. This is the first systematic study in Vietnam that uses reliable research tools to assess cyberbullying among adolescents during COVID-19 social distancing.
Materials and Methods. The study draws on a survey of 787 (grades 6–12) Vietnamese teenagers randomly selected from provinces and cities in the north of Vietnam. An expert survey of students was conducted using the Google Form service. The reliability of the results of the study was verified using the alpha coefficient (ANOVA test) and factor analysis EFA.
Results. The final statistical data obtained showed a significant influence of factors: gender, course of study (age), place of residence, purpose, time of use and type of social network on cyberbullying of Vietnamese teenagers and young men. The negative strategy of combating cyberbullying and the experience of cyberbullying (as a subject or victim), which are factors strongly influencing cyberbullying in Vietnamese adolescents and young men, has been identified. During social distancing, Vietnamese teenagers and young men developed a tendency to abuse social networks for entertainment and communication purposes. During social distancing, the manifestations of bullying through social networks in Vietnamese teenagers showed an increase at an alarming rate, focusing mainly on 2 groups of behavior, including “mental violence and invasion of privacy” and “online fraud and sexual harassment”. A closed causal cycle of cyberbullying has been identified, in which the mediating factor contributing to this cycle is the way a teenager reacts negatively to cyberbullying during social distancing due to COVID-19.
Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the study are an important basis for the creation of prevention and psychological intervention programs to help Vietnamese adolescents and young men during social distancing due to COVID-19 in order to prevent cyberbullying, contributing to mental health.
Design of a Web-Based Lecture Scheduling Information System During Pandemic Covid-19 (Case Study: Faculty of Engineering and Science, Ibn Khaldun University)
Authors: Ginting Novita BR , Afrianto Yuggo , Suratun Suratun
Published: September 2022

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the lecture process was carried out online, so it impacted other academic activities such as the preparation of lecture schedules. The results of observations at the Faculty of Engineering and Science found that the practice of lecture schedules was carried out manually, such as the schedule coordination process was carried out face-to-face between study programs, faculties, and lecturers to overcome conflicts in the use of rooms and teaching time. Changes in the teaching schedule need to be re-checked on the use of the room and the lecturer's teaching time because it has not been documented with the information system. Hence, this study aims to build an information system for preparing lecture schedules using the Greedy Best First Search Method based on the willingness of lecturers to teach. The system was developed using the RAD (Rapid Application Development) and testing using BlackBox testing. The results of this study succeeded in building a lecture scheduling information system that was able to generate lecture schedules automatically and quickly without having to coordinate face-to-face to support online lectures during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Enhancement of White Blood Cells Images using Shock Filtering Equation for Classification Problem
Authors: Vito Gregorius , Gunawan Putu Harry
Published: September 2022

Medical image processing has developed rapidly in the last decade. The autodetection and classification of white blood cells (WBC) is one of the medical image processing applications. The analysis of WBC images has engaged researchers from medical also technology fields. Since WBC detection plays an essential role in the medical field, this paper presents a system for distinguishing and classifying WBC types: eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, using K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) and Logistic Regression (LR). This study aims to find the best accuracy of pre-processing images using original grayscale, shock filtering, and thresholding grayscale. The highest average accuracy in classifying WBC images in the conducting research is 43.54% using the LR algorithm from 2103 images. It is obtained from the combination of thresholding grayscale image and shock filtering equation to enhance the quality of an image. Overall, using two algorithms, KNN and LR, the classification accuracy can increase up to 12%.
Interactive Digital Catalog for Canopy Workshop Using Augmented Reality
Authors: Dijaya Rohman , Wardana Rizky Bayu , Suprianto Suprianto
Published: September 2022

This research study develops a product promotion method for a canopy roofs. The development of this method is to apply a 3-dimensional (3D) catalog using Augmented Reality (AR) technology. By utilizing Augmented Reality technology, sellers do not need to create markets or miniature products that are commonly used to provide examples to consumers to save costs, attract consumer interest, and display objects that appear natural. Based on the tests that have been done, it is concluded that implementing Augmented Reality in the canopy sales promotion media using the Luther development method with the stages of analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. Implementation of Augmented Reality in canopy sales promotion media uses concept data from the types of canopies included in the Augmented Reality-based application, namely stainless and hollow types made using a 3D blender program. A marker as a sign to bring up 3D objects in the application. Markers are created using Photoshop and entered the database so that they can be stored online. System testing uses the BlackBox testing method where the program's functionality is running as desired.
Chatbot for Signaling Quranic Verses Science Using Support Vector Machine Algorithm
Authors: Syaripudin Undang , Suparman Deden , Gerhana Yana Aditia , Rahayu Ayu Puji , Mintarsih Mimin , Alawiyah Rizka
Published: September 2022

The many verses in the Qur'an encourage finding the right way how to understand it thematically. The purpose of the research is to develop a chatbot application that can be used to explore and elaborate the content of verses in the Qurâ€™an that hint at science. The support vector machine (SVM) algorithm classifies question and answers datasets in chatbot applications. The number of data sets used is 76, with test data as much as 10%. The test results show that the SVM algorithm is quite good in classifying, with an accuracy value of 87.5%. While the user test results obtained an average MOS of 8.4, which means the chatbot application developed is very effective in understanding the Qur'an, which implies science. This research is expected to provide an overview of the explanation of the Qur'an about science and technology.
Sentiment Analysis from Indonesian Twitter Data Using Support Vector Machine And Query Expansion Ranking
Authors: Atsqalani Hasbi , Hayatin Nur , Aditya Christian Sri Kusuma
Published: September 2022

Sentiment analysis is a computational study of a sentiment opinion and an overflow of feelings expressed in textual form. Twitter has become a popular social network among Indonesians. As a public figure running for president of Indonesia, public opinion is very important to see and consider the popularity of a presidential candidate. Media has become one of the important tools used to increase electability. However, it is not easy to analyze sentiments from tweets on Twitter apps, because it contains unstructured text, especially Indonesian text. The purpose of this research is to classify Indonesian twitter data into positive and negative sentiments polarity using Support Vector Machine and Query Expansion Ranking so that the information contained therein can be extracted and from the observed data can provide useful information for those in need. Several stages in the research include Crawling Data, Data Preprocessing, Term Frequency â€“ Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), Feature Selection Query Expansion Ranking, and data classification using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method. To find out the performance of this classification process, it will be entered into a configuration matrix. By using a discussion matrix, the results show that calcification using the proposed reached accuracy and F-measure score in 77% and 68% respectively.
Systematic Literature Review Of Particle Swarm Optimization Implementation For Time-Dependent Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Diah M. , Setyanto Arief , Luthfi Emha Taufiq
Published: September 2022

Time-dependent VRP (TDVRP) is one of the three VRP variants that have not been widely explored in research in the field of operational research, while Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is an optimization algorithm in the field of operational research that uses many variables in its application. There is much research conducted about TDVRP, but few of them discuss PSO's implementation. This article presented as a literature review which aimed to find a research gap about implementation of PSO to resolve TDVRP cases. The research was conducted in five stages. The first stage, a review protocol defined in the form of research questions and methods to perform the review. The second stage is references searching. The third stage is screening the search result. The fourth stage is extracting data from references based on research questions. The fifth stage is reporting the study literature results. The results obtained from the screening process were 37 eligible reference articles, from 172 search results articles. The results of extraction and analysis of 37 reference articles show that research on TDVRP discusses the duration of travel time between 2 locations. The route optimization parameter is determined from the cost of the trip, including the total distance traveled, the total travel time, the number of routes, and the number used vehicles. The datasets that are used in research consist of 2 types, real-world datasets and simulation datasets. Solomon Benchmark is a simulation dataset that is widely used in the case of TDVRP. Research on PSO in the TDVRP case is dominated by the discussion of modifications to determine random values of PSO variables.