bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eight steps’ paradigm shift in men’s 110 metres hurdles: an 89 years retrospective study
Authors: Pinho João Pedro , Lima Marcelo , Claudino João Gustavo , Andrade Rodrigo Maciel , Soncin Rafael , Mezêncio Bruno , Bourgeois Frank Arthur , Amadio Alberto Carlos , Serrão Julio Cerca
Published: March 2019

Men’s 110 metres hurdles is one of the oldest disciplines in the Olympic Games and yet scarce anecdotal reports are found to pinpoint technical elements indicators of success. The approach technique to the hurdles has been raised by coaches as a potential element of success however it seems that the approach strategies undertaken to the first hurdle have not been investigated to the current date. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the employment of the seven and eight steps strategy until the first hurdle in the 110 m discipline among the Olympic Games and World Championships in Athletics’ finalists. Public domain videos of the events in the period between 1924 and 2013 were assessed. An international level sprint and hurdles’ coach, using the Dartfish software, assessed the number of steps taken until the first hurdle. A left-tailed one sample sign test showed that although the seven steps strategy adoption seems to have begun in 1960 it was only in 2011 that it was considered a dominant tactic. Due to determination of factors that influence the choice of strategy or their respective influence on performance falling outside the scope of this study, future research is needed in this area. Notwithstanding, the success by the hurdlers that adopt the seven steps strategy, evidenced by the number of medals won, allowed to pinpoint the approach strategy to the first hurdle as a potential performance variable to be investigated.
A formação inicial de professores de educação física acerca da inclusão:
Authors: Pacheco Jaime , Alves Maria Luíza Tanure , Duarte Edison
Published: March 2019

Atualmente a presença do aluno com deficiência nas aulas de Educação Física já e uma realidade, exigindo a formação do professor de forma sólida e consonante com os princípios inclusivos. O objetivo do estudo é investigar a formação inicial de professores de Educação Física em Universidades Chilenas. Participaram do estudo 16 docentes responsáveis pelas disciplinas de Educação Física Adaptada nas Universidades públicas e privadas do Chile. Foram aplicados questionários para análise dos conceitos e abordagens utilizados pelos docentes para formação do professor de Educação Física para inclusão. Os questionários foram analisados através da técnica de análise de conteúdo. A formação do professor de Educação Física está consonante com os princípios da inclusão. Porém, este processo ainda encontra muitas barreiras, onde há maior necessidade de vinculação com o conhecimento científico e a pesquisa, bem como utilização de abordagens mais próximas do cotidiano escolar.
A relação técnico-atleta na ginástica artística feminina
Authors: Oliveira Maurício Santos , Bortoleto Marco Antonio Coelho , Nunomura Myrian
Published: March 2019

A qualidade das relações pessoais, circunscritas no contexto do Esporte, é determinante para a experiência esportiva e influencia os resultados conquistados por seus protagonistas: técnicos e atletas. O presente artigo visa apresentar e discutir o relacionamento técnico-atleta na Ginástica Artística Feminina por meio de um estudo de caso do tipo etnográfico. A pesquisa foi realizada em um ginásio de alto rendimento com ginastas de nível internacional. Observamos que, nessa microcultura, técnicos e atletas estão subordinados às idiossincrasias culturais mediadas por valores e princípios peculiares que influenciam, fortemente, suas condutas. E, inclusive, chegam a permitir atitudes combatidas no contexto exterior ao do ginásio de treinamento. As ginastas e os técnicos têm um acordo tácito no qual as atletas são vistas como corpos performáticos que devem cumprir as diretrizes dos técnicos sem questionamentos. Atos coercitivos, falta de diálogo, vigilância constante, subserviência e cobranças permeiam esse relacionamento escassamente debatido na literatura especializada.
Reflexões acerca do papel do desporto na universidade
Authors: Dambros Gabriel , Nista-Piccolo Vilma Leni
Published: March 2019

O desporto é um patrimônio da humanidade e, como tal, integra as atividades desenvolvidas em uma Universidade. Nesse estudo objetivamos desvelar a importância do desporto em uma IES, a partir do desenvolvimento da modalidade futsal enquanto representação universitária competitiva. A pesquisa foi constituída de um estudo de caso, mediante um delineamento qualitativo, utilizando como instrumento as entrevistas. Para a análise dos resultados foi utilizada a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Verificamos que os jogadores ressaltam em seus discursos o desporto na Universidade como uma atividade educativa; revelam aspectos importantes para o desenvolvimento das equipes de representação competitiva; e apontam que as ideias defendidas pela Pedagogia do Desporto consistem em diretrizes norteadoras para elaboração de ações pedagógicas promovidas pelos treinadores. Os gestores relatam a contribuição do desporto para a formação educacional dos alunos, mas reclamam da ausência de um projeto político institucional que possa consolidar o desporto para essa finalidade. As informações encontradas na opinião destes pesquisadores revelaram muitas incoerências entre os discursos e a realidade desportiva na IES pesquisada. Observamos que essa Universidade apresenta um trabalho eficaz no desenvolvimento do desporto universitário, porém, não o identificamos como atividade integrante do projeto de formação profissional que a instituição oferece. De certo modo, isso dificulta as ações dos professores de Educação Física presentes na IES, que buscam integrar as práticas desportivas na trajetória acadêmica dos graduandos.
Curvas de velocidade da altura e os parâmetros do salto pubertário de crianças e adolescentes Caririenses
Authors: Silva Simonete , Freitas Duarte , Maia José
Published: March 2019

Apresentamos as curvas médias da distância e velocidade da altura, as idades em que ocorreram os parâmetros do salto pubertário e comparamos os valores obtidos com referências nacionais e internacionais. A amostra contém 280 crianças e adolescentes dos dois sexos que participaram do Projeto Crescer com Saúde no Cariri. Foi utilizado o modelo logístico triplo implementado no software AUXAL. As idades no take-off ocorreram aos 8.8 e 10.3 anos, a altura alcançada foi de 127.3 e 134.0 cm e a velocidade foi de 4.7 cm/ano para ambos os sexos. O pico de velocidade da altura (PVA) ocorreu aos 11.6 anos nas meninas e aos 13.6 anos nos meninos. A altura média alcançada foi de 143.5 e 154.8 cm com uma velocidade de 7.1 e 8.7 cm/ano entre meninas e meninos, respectivamente. As curvas de crescimento da altura das crianças do Cariri mostram um padrão semelhante ao observado em outros estudos. Apesar da defasagem temporal entre o presente estudo e os demais utilizados nas comparações, as idades de ocorrência do PVA, bem como os valores encontrados nos parâmetros do salto pubertário são semelhantes.
Pressão arterial e indicadores de função vascular de corredores com diferentes níveis de desempenho no teste cardiopulmonar
Authors: Silva Edna Oliveira , Perez Anselmo José , Bortolotto Luiz Aparecido , Lunz Wellington , Mill José Geraldo , Carletti Luciana
Published: March 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os valores de pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica periférica (PASp e PADp) e central (PASc e PADc) e o índice de função vascular em corredores de rua de diferentes desempenhos. A amostra foi composta por 48 participantes, 20-40 anos, 32 corredores de rua com diferentes níveis de desempenho, e 16 indivíduos sedentários. Avaliou-se a aptidão cardiorrespiratória e a velocidade máxima de corrida, através do teste cardiopulmonar de exercício (TCPE). A pressão central e periférica foi investigada por tonometria de aplanação e a velocidade da onda de pulso (VOP) pelo equipamento Complior. O ecocardiograma foi usado para avaliar a estrutura cardíaca. ANOVA de uma via foi utilizada considerando p <0,05. A ANCOVA foi usada para ajustar fatores de confusão. Corredores com desempenho superior apresentaram menor PASp que os demais grupos (120±7 vs 127±8 vs 130 ±8 mmHg). A duração da diástole foi maior nos corredores com desempenho superior (845±92 ms) em relação aos corredores com desempenho inferior (786±174 ms e controle (641±128 ms). O índice de amplificação (AI) não foi diferente entre os grupos (109 ± 21%; 109 ± 11%; 110 ± 1%) assim como a VOP (7,1 ± 1ms. 7,6 ± 1.1ms. 8,0 ± 1,1ms). Corredores com desempenho superior apresentaram maior massa do ventrículo esquerdo (MVE g/m²) em relação aos demais (116±12 g/m² vs 100±18 g/m² vs 86±13 g/m²), e menor débito cardíaco em comparação ao grupo controle (4,8±1 l/ min. vs 6,0±1 l/min). Portanto corredores com desempenho superior apresentaram maior MVE g/m², menor débito cardíaco, menor PASc e PASp, e melhor duração da diástole que seus pares sedentários, mas não apresentam melhores indicadores de função vascular na mesma comparação.
Ângulo da cifose torácica em diferentes posições simulando o velejo no kitesurfing
Authors: Angellos Rodrigo Fagundes , Gomes Lara Elena , Rusch Max William , Lagni Verlaine Balzan , Loss Jefferson Fagundes
Published: March 2019

No kitesurfing, o indivíduo utiliza a energia do vento para deslizar com uma prancha na água com um kite, que é preso ao praticante com o auxílio de um dispositivo denominado trapézio. Para realizar diversos movimentos, o velejador alterara a posição do seu corpo, modificando a posição da sua coluna vertebral. Contudo, pouco se sabe sobre a postura adotada no kitesurfing, a qual pode contribuir para a ocorrência de dor nas costas. Assim, o objetivo principal foi comparar os ângulos da cifose torácica na posição ortostática com as diferentes inclinações para trás do tronco (30, 50 e 70% do peso corporal) usando o trapézio cadeirinha, simulando a condição de velejo. O objetivo secundário foi verificar as lesões sofridas e a presença de dor nas costas em decorrência da prática esportiva. A amostra foi composta por 11 praticantes de kitesurfing. Os ângulos da cifose torácica foram verificados na posição ortostática e com inclinações do tronco para trás de 30, 50 e 70% do peso corporal com auxílio de duas câmeras de vídeo, simulando condições de velejo; lesões e dor nas costas foram verificadas por meio de uma anamnese. O ângulo da cifose torácica foi maior nas posições com inclinações do que na posição ortostática, predominando uma postura com hipercifose nas inclinações. A entorse foi a lesão mais frequente, sendo que o membro inferior foi o local mais acometido. Ainda, alguns participantes relataram dor nas costas durante e/ou logo após a prática esportiva. Assim, o aumento da cifose torácica nas simulações de velejo e a ocorrência de dor nas costas durante e/ou logo após a prática esportiva indicam a necessidade de um trabalho físico e/ou postural complementar.
Influence of lactose intolerance and physical activity level on bone mineral density in young women
Authors: Salomão Najoua Adriana , Geraldes Amandio Aristides Rihan , Lima-Silva Adriano Eduardo
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study was to verify the effect of physical activity level on bone mineral density (BMD) in pre-menopausal women with lactose intolerance. Sixty women was engaged in this study (age: 31.9±6.9 years) and were initially separated into two groups: 30 women with lactose intolerance (LI) and 30 controls (C). The groups were further subdivided into less and more active using the median of weekly total energy expenditure, estimated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-long version). The LI diagnosis was confirmed by lactose intolerance test (oral lactose overload with monitoring of blood glucose and associated clinical manifestations). BMD was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). As expected, physical activity score was higher in both groups for women classified as more active (p>0.05). The BMD at hip and pelvis was lower in LI than in C group (p<0.05). In addition, there was a tendency for a lower BMD in L2, L4, femoral neck and total hip for LI compared to C group (p<0.10). However, there was no main effect of physical activity level or interaction for the BMD at any other bone sites (p<0.10). The LI group had lower (p<0.05) absolute free-fat mass, independently of physical activity level. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that LI reduces BMD in pre-menopausal women and this reduction is independent of physical activity level.
Efeito da extroversão e da atividade física no desempenho de habilidades motoras
Authors: Beltrão Natália Barros , Meira Júnior Cássio de Miranda , Cattuzzo Maria Teresa
Published: March 2019

O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a contribuição das variáveis traço de personalidade extroversão e nível de atividade física no desempenho de habilidades motoras. Crianças com idades entre 7-10 (n=80) foram avaliadas por meio do teste MABC. Um modelo de regressão foi proposto e incluiu extroversão, atividade física e gênero como variáveis de previsão para a pontuação total no teste e para os subtestes de destreza manual, controle de objetos e equilíbrio. Os resultados indicaram que a extroversão foi uma variável significativa para a predição das habilidades de destreza manual (p<0,01) e o desempenho motor total (p=0,12). No entanto, não foi relevante para a predição de equilíbrio (p=0,435) ou de habilidades de controle de objetos (p=0,145). O nível de atividade física não mostrou associação significativa com o desempenho motor. Gênero foi capaz de prever habilidades de controle de objetos, de equilíbrio e o desempenho motor geral. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que a extroversão media o desempenho motor, mas parece ter influências distintas, dependendo da subclasse da habilidade.
Os conhecimentos de base para intervenção pedagógica do treinador de surf
Authors: Brasil Vinicius Zeilmann , Ramos Valmor , Kuhn Filipy , Souza Jeferson Rodrigues de , Nascimento Juarez Vieira do
Published: March 2019

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a percepção de formadores de treinador de surf a respeito dos conhecimentos de base para a intervenção pedagógica nesta modalidade. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo de casos múltiplos, com 5 formadores, com idades entre 36 e 45 anos, com experiência como treinador e formador de treinadores. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevista semiestruturada e analisados com a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados obtidos permitiram a indicação de um conjunto de conceitos que representam os conhecimentos valorizados pelos formadores, para a intervenção do treinador de surf, destacadamente, os conhecimentos específicos sobre esta modalidade, sobre as ciências do esporte, sobre os aprendizes, dos objetivos e papéis do treinador, e também o conhecimento para estabelecer relações interpessoais. Conclui-se que o risco inerente à prática desta modalidade exige do treinador de surf um conhecimento pedagógico para manter um ambiente favorável a aprendizagem, ao mesmo tempo em que preserva as sensações de aventura inerentes a esta prática.
Avaliação na educação física escolar: tensões para além das epistemologias
Authors: Vargas Cláudio Pellini
Published: March 2019

O objetivo do trabalho consiste em identificar tensões que perpassam o tema avaliação na Educação Física escolar, enaltecendo contrastes e semelhanças existentes entre as práticas de professores. Na estrutura, apresenta síntese epistemológica de Boaventura Santos, argumenta sobre a fragilidade da avaliação fundamentada na modernidade e apresenta revisão teórica sobre o tema, problematizando a forma burocrática de sua realização ao tratar da “cultura corporal”. Na discussão, utiliza entrevista semiestruturada aplicada a três professores de EF de escolas públicas, abordando suas experiências na prática avaliativa. Define categorias de análise do conteúdo: ambivalência e subjetividade. Apresenta tensões fundamentais e sustenta que as avaliações burocráticas impedem o conhecimento-emancipação defendido por Santos. Conclui destacando a importância da dimensão axiológica da área, posicionandose a favor da autoavaliação como fomento a emancipação discente.
Periódicos online na formação de professores de Educação Física
Authors: Poffo Bianca Natália , Pires Giovani de Lorenzi
Published: March 2019

Esta pesquisa se desenvolveu a partir do interesse em compreender a importância que o processo de formação para a pesquisa dos professores de Educação Física tem em relação à busca de artigos e conteúdos em periódicos online. Este é um estudo de natureza empírica, com abordagem descritiva e tratamento qualitativo dos dados, tendo como interlocutores sete discentes da 7ª fase do curso de licenciatura em Educação Física da UFSC. Os dados foram interpretados pela análise de conteúdo, que resultou na criação de categorias empíricas, uma delas discutida neste texto. Como reflexões finais, afirmamos a importância da prática de pesquisa para a formação acadêmico-científica dos professores: evidenciamos que a participação em programas e grupos de pesquisa ao longo do curso aperfeiçoa o desenvolvimento no que diz respeito ao processo de autoformação; consideramos que os documentos curriculares dão importância à pesquisa, mas há limites no currículo efetivamente desenvolvido.
DO INDIVÍDUO AGENTE À UNIDADE DO MÚLTIPLO: A SUBSTÂNCIA EM LEIBNIZ
Authors: Beghini Vítor
Published: March 2019

Este artigo busca mapear as diferenças e transformações que marcam a trajetória da noção leibniziana de substância (e, portanto, de sua metafísica) ao longo dos quase trinta anos que separam suas primeiras e últimas sínteses de ar sistemático; percurso que vai do Discurso de Metafísica (1686) à Monadologia e aos Princípios da Natureza e da Graça (1714). Poderemos, deste modo, fornecer um quadro de mecanismos conceituais e doutrinários que nos permita melhor compreender o estatuto coesivo de sua obra filosófica, donde encontraremos uma noção ampla mas singular de substância que se define, sobretudo, pela articulação reversiva entre unidade e ação.
Prophylactic Use of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators in the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death in Dialysis Patients
Authors: Jukema J. Wouter , Timal Rohit J. , Rotmans Joris I. , Hensen Liselotte C. R. , Buiten Maurits S. , de Bie Mihaly K. , Putter Hein , Zwinderman Aeilko H. , van Erven Lieselot , Krol-van Straaten M. Jacqueline , Hommes Nienke , Gabreëls Bas , van Dorp Wim , van Dam Bastiaan , Herzog Charles A. , Schalij Martin J. , Rabelink Ton J. ,   For the ICD2 Trial Investigators
Published: March 2019

Background:

Patients with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing dialysis are reported to be at high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD), and to date, no therapy has been shown to be effective in reducing this risk. The feasibility and value of prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation to prevent SCD is uncertain.

Methods:

We conducted the ICD2 trial (Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Dialysis Patients), a prospective, randomized, controlled study investigating the value and safety of ICD implantation to prevent SCD in 200 patients on dialysis with a left ventricular ejection fraction ≥35%, after adequate screening and optimization of other treatments. The primary end point was SCD. Secondary end points were all-cause mortality and ICD-related complications.

Results:

The trial was stopped as per the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring board for futility reasons after inclusion of 188 patients, 97 in the ICD group and 91 in the control group. The median duration of follow-up was 6.8 years (interquartile range, 3.8–8.8 years). SCD occurred in 19 of 188 cases (10.1%), 11 of 97 in the ICD group and 8 of 91 in the control group. The cumulative SCD incidence at 5 years was 9.7% (95% CI, 3.3%–16.2%) in the ICD group and 7.9% (95% CI, 1.7–14.0%) in the control group, resulting in a hazard ratio of 1.32 (95% CI, 0.53–3.29;
P
=0.55). Overall, 99 of 188 patients died (52.7%), 52 in the ICD group and 47 in the control group. Five-year survival probability was 50.6% (95% CI, 39.8%–61.5%) in the ICD group and 54.5% (95% CI, 43.0–66.0%) in the control group, resulting in a hazard ratio of 1.02 (95% CI, 0.69–1.52;
P
=0.92). Among 80 patients who received an ICD, 25 adverse events related to ICD implantation occurred.

Conclusions:

In a well-screened and well-treated population undergoing dialysis, prophylactic ICD therapy did not reduce the rate of SCD or all-cause mortality, which remained high.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://www.controlled-trials.com
. Unique identifier: ISRCTN20479861.
Endothelial Insulin Resistance of Freshly Isolated Arterial Endothelial Cells From Radial Sheaths in Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Masaki Nobuyuki , Ido Yasuo , Yamada Toshiyuki , Yamashita Youhei , Toya Takumi , Takase Bonpei , Hamburg Naomi M. , Adachi Takeshi
Published: March 2019

Background

Endothelial insulin resistance is insulin‐insensitivity in the vascular endothelium and can be observed in experimental models. This study aimed to investigate endothelial insulin resistance in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. To this end, a novel method of obtaining freshly isolated arterial endothelial cells from a radial catheter sheath was developed.

Methods and Results

Freshly isolated arterial endothelial cells were retrieved from catheter sheaths placed in radial arteries for coronary angiography (n=69, patient age 64±12 years). The endothelial cells were divided into groups for incubation with or without insulin, vascular endothelial growth factor, or acetylcholine. The intensity of phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase at Ser1177 (p‐
eNOS
) was quantified by immunofluorescence microscopy. The percentage increase of insulin‐induced phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase correlated negatively with derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites, an oxidative stress test (
r
=−0.348, n=53,
P
=0.011), E/E′, an index of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in Doppler echocardiography (ρ=−0.374, n=49,
P
=0.008), and log‐transformed brain natriuretic peptide (
r
=−0.266, n=62,
P
=0.037). Furthermore, percentage increase of insulin‐induced p‐
eNOS
was an independent factor for the cardio‐ankle vascular index (standardized coefficient β=−0.293, n=42,
P
=0.021) in the multivariate regression analysis of adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator.

Conclusions

Our results suggested that endothelial insulin resistance is associated with oxidative stress, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, heart failure, and arterial stiffness.
Emphysema
Authors: Mahta Ali , Merkler Alexander E. , Reznik Michael E. , Burch Jaclyn E. , Yaghi Shadi , Sellke Frank W. , Furie Karen L. , Kamel Hooman
Published: March 2019

Background and Purpose—

Protease/antiprotease imbalance is implicated in the pathogenesis of emphysema and may also lead to vessel wall weakening, aneurysm development, and rupture. However, it is unclear whether emphysema is associated with cerebral and aortic aneurysm rupture.

Methods—

We performed a retrospective cohort study using outpatient and inpatient claims data from 2008 to 2014 from a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries ≥66 years of age. Our predictor variable was emphysema, and our outcome was hospitalization for either aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage or a ruptured aortic aneurysm. All predictors and outcomes were defined using previously reported
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification
diagnosis code algorithms. Survival statistics and Cox regression were used to compare risk between patients with and without emphysema.

Results—

We identified 1 670 915 patients, of whom 133 972 had a diagnosis of emphysema. During a mean follow-up period of 4.3 (±1.9) years, we identified 4835 cases of aneurysm rupture, 433 of which occurred in patients with emphysema. The annual incidence of aneurysm rupture was 6.5 (95% CI, 6.4–6.8) per 10 000 in patients without emphysema and 14.6 (95% CI, 13.3–16.0) per 10 000 in patients with emphysema. After adjustment for demographics and known risk factors for aneurysmal disease, emphysema was independently associated with aneurysm rupture (hazard ratio, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.5–1.9). Emphysema was associated with both aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (hazard ratio, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.3–1.7) and ruptured aortic aneurysm (hazard ratio, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.9–2.8).

Conclusions—

Patients with emphysema face an increased risk of developing subarachnoid hemorrhage and aortic aneurysm rupture, potentially consistent with shared pathways in pathogenesis.
Impairments in Multisensory Integration after Stroke
Authors: Van der Stoep Nathan , Van der Stigchel Stefan , Van Engelen Renske C. , Biesbroek J. Matthijs , Nijboer Tanja C. W.
Published: March 2019

The integration of information from multiple senses leads to a plethora of behavioral benefits, most predominantly to faster and better detection, localization, and identification of events in the environment. Although previous studies of multisensory integration (MSI) in humans have provided insights into the neural underpinnings of MSI, studies of MSI at a behavioral level in individuals with brain damage are scarce. Here, a well-known psychophysical paradigm (the redundant target paradigm) was employed to quantify MSI in a group of stroke patients. The relation between MSI and lesion location was analyzed using lesion subtraction analysis. Twenty-one patients with ischemic infarctions and 14 healthy control participants responded to auditory, visual, and audiovisual targets in the left and right visual hemifield. Responses to audiovisual targets were faster than to unisensory targets. This could be due to MSI or statistical facilitation. Comparing the audiovisual RTs to the winner of a race between unisensory signals allowed us to determine whether participants could integrate auditory and visual information. The results indicated that (1) 33% of the patients showed an impairment in MSI; (2) patients with MSI impairment had left hemisphere and brainstem/cerebellar lesions; and (3) the left caudate, left pallidum, left putamen, left thalamus, left insula, left postcentral and precentral gyrus, left central opercular cortex, left amygdala, and left OFC were more often damaged in patients with MSI impairments. These results are the first to demonstrate the impact of brain damage on MSI in stroke patients using a well-established psychophysical paradigm.
Vector-Derived Transformation Binding: An Improved Binding Operation for Deep Symbol-Like Processing in Neural Networks
Authors: Gosmann Jan , Eliasmith Chris
Published: March 2019

We present a new binding operation, vector-derived transformation binding (VTB), for use in vector symbolic architectures (VSA). The performance of VTB is compared to circular convolution, used in holographic reduced representations (HRRs), in terms of list and stack encoding capacity. A special focus is given to the possibility of a neural implementation by the means of the Neural Engineering Framework (NEF). While the scaling of required neural resources is slightly worse for VTB, it is found to be on par with circular convolution for list encoding and better for encoding of stacks. Furthermore, VTB influences the vector length less, which also benefits a neural implementation. Consequently, we argue that VTB is an improvement over HRRs for neurally implemented VSAs.
Multiple Timescale Online Learning Rules for Information Maximization with Energetic Constraints
Authors: Yi Peng , Ching ShiNung
Published: March 2019

A key aspect of the neural coding problem is understanding how representations of afferent stimuli are built through the dynamics of learning and adaptation within neural networks. The infomax paradigm is built on the premise that such learning attempts to maximize the mutual information between input stimuli and neural activities. In this letter, we tackle the problem of such information-based neural coding with an eye toward two conceptual hurdles. Specifically, we examine and then show how this form of coding can be achieved with online input processing. Our framework thus obviates the biological incompatibility of optimization methods that rely on global network awareness and batch processing of sensory signals. Central to our result is the use of variational bounds as a surrogate objective function, an established technique that has not previously been shown to yield online policies. We obtain learning dynamics for both linear-continuous and discrete spiking neural encoding models under the umbrella of linear gaussian decoders. This result is enabled by approximating certain information quantities in terms of neuronal activity via pairwise feedback mechanisms. Furthermore, we tackle the problem of how such learning dynamics can be realized with strict energetic constraints. We show that endowing networks with auxiliary variables that evolve on a slower timescale can allow for the realization of saddle-point optimization within the neural dynamics, leading to neural codes with favorable properties in terms of both information and energy.
A review of the F. serena-subgroup of Fannia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Fanniidae), with the description of two new species from China
Authors: WANG MING-FU , ZHANG DONG , XUE WAN-QI
Published: March 2019

The Fannia serena-subgroup belongs to the Fannia serena-group Chillcott. This paper outlines early studies on the F. serena-subgroup and F. serena-group. The F. serena-group is redefined and a key is given to its four subgroups: serena-subgroup Chillcott, rondanii-subgroup Chillcott, sociella- subgroup Chillcott, and mollissima-subgroup Pont. Two new species, Fannia diploura Wang, Xue & Zhang sp. nov. and Fannia setifemorata Wang, Xue & Zhang sp. nov., are described from China. The eleven known Chinese species of the F. serena-subgroup are reviewed and keyed.
Two new species of Baeus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from Southeastern Brazil parasitoids of Anelosimus (Araneae: Theridiidae)
Authors: MARGARÍA CECILIA B. , LOIÁCONO MARTA S. , GONZAGA MARCELO O.
Published: March 2019

Two new species, Baeus anelosimus sp. nov. and Baeus jabaquara sp. nov., are described and illustrated from specimens reared from eggs of the subsocial spider species Anelosimus studiosus and A. jabaquara respectively. They mainly differentiate based on habitus, body color, pilosity, antennal morphology, and wing venation. An identification key is provided.
Description of Genus Guaianaza for “Euptychia” pronophila (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) with a description of the immature stages
Authors: FREITAS ANDRÉ VICTOR LUCCI , PEÑA CARLOS
Published: March 2019

The satyrine Euptychia pronophila Butler (Nymphalidae) was described in 1867 in the “catch-all” genus Euptychia, but was recently treated as incertae sedis. A DNA-based cladistic analysis confirms that it belongs to the Euptychiina, as sister to Forsterinaria and closely related to Taygetis, Posttaygetis, Parataygetis, Pseudodebis, and Harjesia. Although immature morphology also suggests that this species is closely related to Forsterinaria, none of the adult morphological synapomorphies for the genera in the aforementioned clade occur in E. pronophila, a highly autapomorphic species. Because we were unable to place it with confidence in an established genus, the monotypic satyrine genus Guaianaza Freitas & Peña New Genus is described, with Euptychia pronophila Butler as the type species.
Revision of the Scopula dubernardi species group: how many species? (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae)
Authors: SIHVONEN PASI , STÜNING DIETER
Published: March 2019

The Palaearctic Scopula dubernardi species group (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is revised on the basis of external and genitalic characters to include Scopula dubernardi (Oberthür, 1923) and Scopula segregata Prout, 1919. Lectotypes are designated for both species, which were described from more than one specimen without holotype designation. The species delimitation is based on small quantitative differences in the female genitalia, i.e., the degree of turn of the ductus bursae along its axis, and on external features. Furthermore, the recognition of the studied taxa as separate species is strengthened by the observation that they occur sympatrically and synchronously in two localities. Unlike the common situation in the genus Scopula, structures of the male genitalia were found uninformative in species delimitation. The length of right ceras on the 8th sternite of S. segregata was found to be polymorphic. Adults and genitalia of S. dubernardi and S. segregata are illustrated, along with the variation in external features and genitalia in both species. The biology and immature stages of both species are unknown.
Athysanella bidentata n.sp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): a probable endemic leafhopper from the San Luis Valley in Colorado
Authors: HICKS ANDREW , SMITH DENA M.
Published: March 2019

A previously unknown species of Athysanella (subgenus Athysanella) is described and its hostplant association noted. Athysanella bidentata Hicks and Smith, n. sp., from salt grass (Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene) in Colorado’s San Luis Valley, resembles A. galeana Hicks and Blocker and A. parca Ball and Beamer.
The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch and the carmine spider mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) in China mixed in their Wolbachia phylogenetic tree
Authors: XIE LIN , MIAO HUI , HONG XIAO-YUE
Published: March 2019

Two closely-related species Tetranychus urticae Koch and T. cinnabarinus (Boisduval) are important pests in China causing great damage to agricultural crops. Morphological differentiation between these two spider mite species has been very difficult due to intraspecific variation among populations. Molecular data suggest they are two forms of one species. We approach this problem from a different angle, and attempt to differentiate between the two mites using Wolbachia symbionts, which may show co-evolutionary trends with their hosts. All of the 13 populations of T. urticae from China were found to be infected with Wolbachia, with the infection rate ranging from 2.5% to 85%. Among the 25 populations of T. cinnabarinus examined, seven populations (Shenyang, Yinchuan, Binzhou, Wei’xian, Minhang, Chibi and Gaoxiong) were not infected with Wolbachia, and the other 18 populations were infected, at an infection rate from 5% to 77.5%. No correlation was found between species of host plant and Wolbachia infection rate in either mite. Wolbachia wsp gene sequence analysis showed that there are two clades of Wolbachia from the spider mites. In the Con clade, three Wolbachia strains from T. cinnabarinus (red) in China were mixed with those from two T. urticae (green) populations from France. In Ori clade, two sub-clades were visible. In one sub-clade, fifteen Wolbachia strains from T. cinnabarinus (red) were mixed with eight T. urticae (green; six from China and two from USA and France). In another sub-clade, seven Wolbachia strains from Chinese T. urticae populations (green) were mixed with those from one French red form and five green forms from France, Australia and Japan. Therefore, T. urticae and T. cinnabarinus from China are mixed in the phylogenetic tree of their endosymbiont Wolbachia.
First record of the genus Dictyopharina Melichar, 1903 (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Dictyopharidae) from China, with descriptions of two new species
Authors: SONG ZHI-SHUN , LIANG AI-PING
Published: March 2019

The genus Dictyopharina Melichar, 1903, and its type species, D. viridissima Melichar, 1903 from Sri Lanka and India, are redescribed and illustrated. Two new species, D. octaprotrusa sp. nov. and D. sichuanensis sp. nov., are added to the genus from southern China, and they represent the first record of the genus from China. A key to the species of Dictyopharina is provided.
Recharacterization of Rhynchoheterotricha Freeman (Diptera, Sciaroidea), with description of R. chandleri sp. n. from South Africa
Authors: HIPPA HEIKKI , VILKAMAA PEKKA
Published: March 2019

Rhynchoheterotricha chandleri sp. n. is described from South Africa. It differs from the earlier known R. stuckenbergae Freeman by having a setose wing membrane and a proboscis that is only about half the height of the head rather than about three times as long as the head. Through a detailed morphological analysis, the genus is recharacterized. The previously unknown female morphology is presented.
Adventive and native Byrrhidae (Coleoptera) newly recorded from Prince Edward Island, Canada
Authors: MAJKA CHRISTOPHER G. , NORONHA CHRISTINE , SMITH MARY
Published: March 2019

The Palearctic byrrhids Chaetophora spinosa (Rossi) and Simplocaria semistriata (F.) are reported for the first time from Prince Edward Island (PEI), the former species for the first time from Atlantic Canada from specimens collected in 2003–05. Their presence is discussed both in light of the history of introductions of exotic species in Atlantic Canada in general, and on PEI in particular, and also in the context of the effect of adventive species on native organisms and ecosystems. These discoveries underscore the need for continual monitoring of invertebrate populations to detect ongoing introductions of adventive species. The native byrrhid Cytilus alternatus (Say) is also reported for the first time from PEI.
Description of Chone usticensis sp. nov. (Polychaeta, Sabellidae) from the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: GIANGRANDE ADRIANA , LICCIANO MARGHERITA , CASTRIOTA LUCA
Published: March 2019

A new species of Chone (Sabellidae) from the coast of Ustica Island (Mediterranean Sea, north of Sicily) is described. The species, named Chone usticensis sp. nov., is similar to another Mediterranean species, C. filicaudata, in having a long pygidial filiform appendage, but is distinct from this species especially in the peristomium, collar, and in thoracic paleate chaetae shape. A discussion on the presence of the radiolar appendages within the genus Chone is also given.
Maldonadocoris annulipes, a new genus and new species of Harpactorinae (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae) from China
Authors: ZHAO PING , YUAN JI LIN , CAI WAN ZHI
Published: March 2019

Maldonadocoris annulipes Zhao, Yuan & Cai, gen. & sp. nov. of the subfamily Harpactorinae from China is described and illustrated. An identification key and diagnostic characters are provided to distinguish Maldonadocoris from closely related genera. The type specimens are preserved in the Entomological Museum of China Agricultural University, Beijing.
Revision of the longiusculus-group of the genus Hydroporus Clairville, 1806 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)
Authors: SHAVERDO HELENA V.
Published: March 2019

The taxonomic position and synonymy of Hydroporus longiusculus Gemminger and Harold and H. pervicinus Fall are discussed and re-descriptions are provided. Hydroporus hirtellus LeConte syn.n., H. perplexus Sharp syn.n., and H. utahensis Gordon syn.n. are found to be junior synonyms of H. longiusculus. Hydroporus hirsutus Gordon syn.n. and H. similaris Fall syn.n. are found to be junior synonyms of H. pervicinus. Both species are the only members of the longiusculus-group. Hydroporus simplex Gordon, previously attributed to the longiusculus-group, is transferred to the nigellus-group. A lectotype is designated for H. perplexus Sharp. The location of the primary types of H. longiusculus remains unknown. Morphological variability of H. longiusculus and H. pervicinus is discussed and illustrated. Geographical distributions of these two species are mapped and some notes on their ecology are presented. Based on extreme morphological similarity to H. tenebrosus LeConte, H. subpubescens LeConte is transferred to the nigellus-group; thus, the subpubescens-group is omitted.
Gnathostomulida from the Otago Peninsula, southern New Zealand
Authors: STERRER WOLFGANG
Published: March 2019

Ten species of Gnathostomulida, three new to science, are reported from the SE end of South Island, New Zealand: Haplognathia asymmetrica, H. gubbarnorum, H. rosea, H. ruberrima, Pterognathia sica, P. ugera, P. tuatara n. sp., P. portobello n. sp., Gnathostomula cf. salotae and Austrognatharia australis n. sp. This paper brings the number of species known from New Zealand to 12, of species known from the Pacific Ocean to 43, and of described gnathostomulid species worldwide to 98.
New records of Munidopsis (Crustacea: Anomura: Galatheidae) from New Zealand with description of two new species from a seamount and underwater canyon
Authors: SCHNABEL KAREEN E. , BRUCE NIEL L.
Published: March 2019

Three species of the genus Munidopsis are currently known from New Zealand waters: M. marginata (Henderson, 1885), M. kaiyoae Baba, 1974 and M. abyssicola Baba, 2005. New records for M. marginata and M. kaiyoae around New Zealand are provided and Munidopsis maunga n. sp. and M. papanui n. sp. are described from a seamount on the Kermadec volcanic arc and the Papanui canyon off the southeast coast of New Zealand, respectively.
A new species of Apenesia (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from India, a parasitoid of coffee white stem borer Xylotrechus quadripes (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)
Authors: AZEVEDO C. O. , WAICHERT C.
Published: March 2019

Apenesia sahyadrica sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on specimens from Arabic coffee infested with the white stem borer Xylotrechus quadripes Chevrolat. The new species is endemic to Western India and is under laboratory rearing in Coffee Research Station Chikmagalur for biocontrol of this pest. The new species is compared with other related species of Oriental Apenesia.
The reduviid genus Nagustoides Miller (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae) found in China, with description of a new species
Authors: ZHAO PING , CAI WANZHI , REN DONG
Published: March 2019

The genus Nagustoides Miller, 1954 is recorded for the first time from China. Nagustoides lii is described as new to science. A key to the species of genus is provided. The diagnostic characters of the genus Nagustoides are revised. The abnormal venation of left fore wing of a female is noted. The type specimens are preserved in the Entomological Museum of China Agricultural University, Beijing.
Sorting out Lalos: description of new species and additional taxonomic data on megophryid frogs from northern Indochina (genus Leptolalax, Megophryidae, Anura)
Authors: OHLER ANNEMARIE , WOLLENBERG KATHARINA C. , GROSJEAN STÉPHANE , HENDRIX RALF , VENCES MIGUEL , ZIEGLER THOMAS , DUBOIS ALAIN
Published: March 2019

Frogs in the subgenus Lalos of the genus Leptolalax (Megophryidae) are highly diversified in continental Asia and consist of about 17 nominal species. These frogs are small, inconspicuous, and of high superficial morphological similarity.        We here formulate a hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships and assess the amount of genetic variation among genealogical lineages on the basis of 536bp of mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences. Combining molecular data with a study of morpho-logy, morphometric divergence and geographical proximity, we tested hypotheses of species identity. We (1) used character-based and morphometric analyses to assign the onymophoronts (type specimens) of species in Lalos available to us to respectively one of the main clades, in order to propose the best potential correct taxonomic and nomenclatural allocation for the individuals included in the molecular study, and (2) tried to also assign the historical museum specimens to these molecular taxonomic units and to reclassify them whenever necessary.        We also used the molecular data to match tadpoles with adults and provide tadpole descriptions for species the larvae of which were previously unknown. Specimens, that could neither be allocated to a molecularly characterised species (on the basis of their DNA “barcode”) nor to a morphologically defined species named on the basis of a type specimen, are described here as new species. Based on this integrative set of data and analyses we describe two new species, Leptolalax eos n. sp. and Leptolalax nyx n. sp., we resurrect Leptolalax minimus, and reassess the distribution of the species studied. We propose changes in the Red List status of L. pelodytoides and L. ventripunctatus and suggest a conservation status for the new species described herein.
Suborder Endeostigmata Reuter, 1909. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness
Authors: WALTER DAVID EVANS , BOLTON SAMUEL , UUSITALO MATTI , ZHANG ZHI-QIANG
Published: March 2019

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Class Chilopoda, Class Symphyla and Class Pauropoda. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness
Authors: MINELLI ALESSANDRO
Published: March 2019

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Order Trichoptera Kirby, 1813. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness
Authors: HOLZENTHAL RALPH W. , MORSE JOHN C. , KJER KARL M.
Published: March 2019

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On the identities of Callianassa bouvieri Nobili, 1904, C. maldivensis Borradaile, 1904, and C. gravieri Nobili, 1905 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Callianassidae): a morphometric approach
Authors: DWORSCHAK PETER C.
Published: March 2019

Recent samplings of callianassid shrimp from various habitats, together with the study of type specimens, show that Cal-lianassa gravieri Nobili, 1905 is a junior synonym of Callianassa bouvieri Nobili, 1904. Callianassa maldivensis Borra-daile, 1904, which had been synonymised with the latter, is a separate species. Morphometric analysis of more than 250specimens of these shrimps, which are assigned here to the genus Paratrypaea Komai & Tachikawa, 2008, show that P.bouvieri males and females have unequal chelipeds, whereas P. maldivensis has males with unequal chelipeds and femaleswith equal chelipeds. In addition, both species differ by the presence/absence and size of a median spine on the posteriortelson border. Male P. bouvieri and P. maldivensis are superficially similar but can be differentiated based on numerouscharacters of the major chelipeds, which are illustrated here in detail. The two species occur in different habitats, P. bou-vieri in the intertidal, often near mangroves, P. maldivensis usually sublittoraly near patchy corals. The importance of size and sex when comparing callianassid species is discussed.
Contributions to the knowledge of the Quediina (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylinini) of China. Part 42. Genus Quedius Stephens, 1829. Subgenus Raphirus Stephens, 1829. Section 10
Authors: SMETANA ALEŠ
Published: March 2019

Eight new species of the genus Quedius Stephens, 1829, subgenus Raphirus Stephens, 1829 are presented, based on spec-imens from the People’s Republic of China: Q. hegesias (Yunnan), Q. filiolus (Yunnan), Q. hecato (Yunnan), Q. impres-siventris (Sichuan), Q. tergimpressus (Yunnan), Q. dryas (Yunnan), Q. meilixue (Yunnan), Q. zetes (Sichuan). Threespecies, Q. muscicola Cameron, 1932, Q . maculiventris Bernhauer, 1934 and Q. optabilis Bernhauer, 1934 are rede-scribed and illustrated. Each of the new species and of the species previously known is described, illustrated and all avail-able distributional and bionomic data are given. A key to the winged species of the muscicola- group is given. A newspecies, Quedius pseudonymos, is described from Taiwan, based on specimens that were previously recorded from Taiwan by Smetana (1995) under the name Q. maculiventris Bernhauer, 1934.
Contributions to the knowledge of Dichelops (Dichelops) with the description of a new species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Carpocorini)
Authors: KLEIN JOANA TARTARI , BARCELLOS ALINE , GRAZIA JOCÉLIA , REDAELLI LUIZA RODRIGUES
Published: March 2019

A new species of Dichelops (Dichelops) Spinola is described, based upon morphological characters. D. (D.) australis sp.nov. is compared with D. (D.) bicolor Distant, D. (D.) avilapiresi Grazia, and D. (D.) pradoi Grazia. Comparative illustrations of external genitalia are provided. A revised key to separate the species of the subgenus Dichelops is also presented.