bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Prognostic Significance of Hsp70 in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Patients: A PRISMA‐Compliant Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Gao Guangyu , Liu Songtao , Yao Zhen , Zhan Yanyan , Chen Wenyue , Liu Yulong
Published: April 2021

Background. Hsp70 (heat shock protein 70) plays a key role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, the relationship between the Hsp70 expression level and the colorectal cancer patient survival is unknown. This study is aimed at investigating the relationship between Hsp70 and the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma patients. Methods. PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were used for systematic computer literature retrieval. Stata SE14.0 software was used for quantitative meta‐analysis. Besides, data was extracted from selected articles. Relationships between Hsp70 expression level and prognosis were further studied. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were also computed. Results. A total of 11 potentially eligible studies with 2269 patients were identified in 10 tumors from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Hsp70 overexpression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) in colorectal carcinoma patients (HRs, 0.65 (95% CI: 0.52‐0.78) and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.23‐1.32), respectively). Conclusions. Hsp70 overexpression can predict poor survival in colorectal cancer patients.
3D Distance Measurement from a Camera to a Mobile Vehicle, Using Monocular Vision
Authors: Martínez-Díaz Saúl
Published: April 2021

Estimation of distance from objects in real‐world scenes is an important topic in several applications such as navigation of autonomous robots, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), and augmented reality (AR). Even though there is a technology for this purpose, in some cases, this technology has some disadvantages. For example, GPS systems are susceptible to interference, especially in places surrounded by buildings, under bridges or indoors; alternatively, RGBD sensors can be used, but they are expensive, and their operational range is limited. Monocular vision is a low‐cost suitable alternative that can be used indoor and outdoor. However, monocular odometry is challenging because the object location can be known up a scale factor. Moreover, when objects are moving, it is necessary to estimate the location from consecutive images accumulating error. This paper introduces a new method to compute the distance from a single image of the desired object, with known dimensions, captured with a monocular calibrated vision system. This method is less restrictive than other proposals in the state‐of‐the‐art literature. For the detection of interest points, a Region‐based Convolutional Neural Network combined with a corner detector were used. The proposed method was tested on a standard dataset and images acquired by a low‐cost and low‐resolution webcam, under noncontrolled conditions. The system was tested and compared with a calibrated stereo vision system. Results showed the similar performance of both systems, but the monocular system accomplished the task in less time.
Web News Data Extraction Technology Based on Text Keywords
Authors: Zhang Kun
Published: April 2021

In order to shorten the time for users to query news on the Internet, this paper studies and designs a network news data extraction technology, which can obtain the main news information through the extraction of news text keywords. Firstly, the TF‐IDF keyword extraction algorithm, TextRank keyword extraction algorithm, and LDA keyword extraction algorithm are analyzed to understand the keyword extraction process, and the TF‐IDF algorithm is optimized by Zipf’s law. By introducing the idea of model fusion, five schemes based on waterfall fusion and parallel combination fusion are designed, and the effects of the five schemes are verified by experiments. It is found that the designed extraction technology has a good effect on network news data extraction. News keyword extraction has a great application prospect, which can provide the basis for the research fields of news key phrases, news abstracts, and so on.
Smart Localization of Thunderstorm Charge for Human 4IR Applications
Authors: Yang Xu , Xing Hongyan , Ji Xinyuan , Wang Zenghui
Published: April 2021

The relationship between smart devices and human beings is one of the research hotspots of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). In this regard, we explored the practical relationship between the 3D electric field components measured by the smart 3D atmospheric electric field apparatus (AEFA) and the thunderstorm activity from the perspective of the observer. Especially, in the application of AEFA, a smart calibration method is proposed to solve the problem of inconvenient thunderstorm data acquisition. Firstly, in order to obtain the thunderstorm charge position from the observation angle of the apparatus, this paper establishes a 3D electric field measurement model. According to the mirror method theory, we further obtain the charge potential distribution at AEFA. Then, the electric field components are derived by using the potential distribution formula with permittivity. In addition, based on the vector relation of the model, the thunderstorm charge azimuth and elevation angles are obtained. Finally, after the establishment of a new coordinate system, the calibration of charge localization is carried out, based on the observation point. Meanwhile, a preliminary solution is given to the problem that the elevation of the apparatus position affects the localization performance. Results show that the method matches the data of radar map and microphone array, which reflects the advantages of the method. Besides, this method can be used not only in sound source localization but also in AI thunderstorm monitoring system to realize a big data net observation.
Identification of Hub Genes Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Wang Shuaiqun , Xu Xiaoling , Kong Wei
Published: April 2021

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the malignant lung tumors. However, its pathology has not been fully understood. The purpose of this study is to identify the hub genes associated with LUAD by bioinformatics methods. Three gene expression datasets including GSE116959, GSE74706, and GSE85841 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used in this study. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to LUAD were screened by using the limma package. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG analysis of DEGs were carried out through the DAVID website. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) of differentially expressed genes was drawn by the STRING website, and the results were imported into Cytoscape for visualization. Then, the PPI network was analyzed by using MCODE, and the modules with a score greater than 5 were found by using cytoHubba. Finally, the GEPIA database and UALCAN database were used to verify and analyze the survival of hub genes. We identified 67 upregulated genes and 277 downregulated genes from three LUAD datasets. The results of GO analysis showed that the downregulated genes were significantly enriched in matrix adhesion and angiogenesis and upregulated differential genes were significantly enriched in cell adhesion and vascular development. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the differential genes of LUAD were significantly enriched in viral carcinogenesis and adhesion spots. The PPI network of differentially expressed genes consists of 269 nodes and 625 interactions. In addition, three modules with scores greater than 5 and seven hub genes, namely, MCM4, BIRC5, CDC20, CDC25C, FOXM1, GTSE1, and RFC4, playing an important role in the PPI network were screened out. In this study, we obtained the hub genes and pathways related to LUAD, revealing the molecular mechanism and pathogenesis of LUAD, which is helpful for the early detection of LUAD and provides a new idea for the treatment of LUAD.
Control Fuzzy Metric Spaces via Orthogonality with an Application
Authors: Uddin Fahim , Javed Khalil , Aydi Hassen , Ishtiaq Umar , Arshad Muhammad
Published: April 2021

In this article, we are generalizing the concept of control fuzzy metric spaces by introducing orthogonal control fuzzy metric spaces. We prove some fixed point results in this setting. We provide nontrivial examples to show the validity of our main results and the introduced concepts. An application to fuzzy integral equations is also included. Our results generalize and improve several developments from the existing literature.
The Role of Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Agents in Rabbit Eye Model of Open-Globe Injury
Authors: Zhao Xiao , Han Han , Song Yinting , Du Mei , Liao Mengyu , Dong Xue , Wang Xiaohong , Kuhn Ferenc , Hoskin Annette , Xu Heping , Yan Hua
Published: April 2021

Purpose. To evaluate the effects of intravitreal anti-VEGF agents in a rabbit model of open-globe injury (OGI). Methods. OGI was induced in the right eyes of 75 Belgian rabbits by making 5 mm circumferential incision placed 6 mm behind the limbus. The rabbits were divided into 4 groups: control (n = 5), OGI group (n = 40), and intravitreal Ranibizumab and Conbercept (n = 15 each). Ranibizumab or Conbercept was injected into the vitreous at 0.5 hours, 3 days, or 7 days. Vitreous fluid was collected, and levels of growth factors and cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). On day 28 after OGI, B scan examination and histological examination were performed to evaluate intravitreal proliferation and formation of epiretinal fibrosis. Results. Vitreous levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were significantly increased in rabbit eyes after OGI. Compared to eyes in OGI group, anti-VEGF treatments significantly reduced these growth factors and cytokines. Among the 7 eyes examined from each group for intravitreal proliferative changes, they were found in 7 of 7 (100%) in OGI group and were decreased by Ranibizumab and Conbercept to 5 of 7 (71.4%) and 4 of 7 (57.1%), respectively. Both Ranibizumab and Conbercept inhibited epiretinal scar formation at the wound site, with Conbercept showing the greatest effect (maximal length of scar (L), LOGI = 503 ± 82.44 μm, LRanibizumab = 355 ± 43.66 μm, and LConbercept = 250.33 ± 36.02 μm). Conclusion. Anti-VEGF treatments after OGI significantly attenuated the upregulation of growth factors and cytokines in the vitreous and prevented intravitreal proliferation and epiretinal scar formation and thus may protect against the development of posttraumatic complications such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).
A Short‐Term Load Forecasting Model of LSTM Neural Network considering Demand Response
Authors: Guo Xifeng , Zhao Qiannan , Wang Shoujin , Shan Dan , Gong Wei
Published: April 2021

As one of the key technologies for accelerating the construction of the ubiquitous Internet of Things, demand response (DR) not only guides users to participate in power market operations but also increases the randomness of grid operations and the difficulty of load forecasting. In order to solve the problem of rough feature engineering processing and low prediction accuracy, a short‐term load forecasting model of LSTM neural network considering demand response is proposed. First of all, in view of the strong randomness and complexity of input features, the weighted method is used to process multiple input features to strengthen the contribution of effective features and tap the potential value of features. Secondly, an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) is used to obtain the best LSTM parameters; finally, the special gate structure of the LSTM model is used to selectively control the influence of input variables on the model parameters and perform load forecasting. The experimental results show that the research has high prediction accuracy and application value and provides a new way for the development of power load forecasting.
[Retracted] Image Recognition and Simulation Based on Distributed Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Fan Tao
Published: April 2021

This paper studies the traditional target classification and recognition algorithm based on Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) feature extraction and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification and applies this algorithm to distributed artificial intelligence image recognition. Due to the huge number of images, the general detection speed cannot meet the requirements. We have improved the HOG feature extraction algorithm. Using principal component analysis (PCA) to perform dimensionality reduction operations on HOG features and doing distributed artificial intelligence image recognition experiments, the results show that the image detection efficiency is slightly improved, and the detection speed is also improved. This article analyzes the reason for these changes because PCA mainly uses the useful feature information in HOG features. The parallelization processing of HOG features on graphics processing unit (GPU) is studied. GPU is used for high parallel and high‐density calculations, and the calculation of HOG features is very complicated. Using GPU for parallelization of HOG features can make the calculation speed of HOG features improved. We use image experiments for the parallelized HOG feature algorithm. Experimental simulations show that the speed of distributed artificial intelligence image recognition is greatly improved. By analyzing the existing digital image recognition methods, an improved BP neural network algorithm is proposed. Under the premise of ensuring accuracy, the recognition speed of digital images is accelerated, the time required for recognition is reduced, real‐time performance is guaranteed, and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified.
NaHS Alleviated Cell Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Remote Lung Tissue after Renal Ischemia and Reperfusion via Nrf2 Activation‐Mediated NLRP3 Pathway Inhibition
Authors: Zhao Guangning , Yang Long , Li Liming , Fan Zhongqiang
Published: April 2021

Objective. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and severe complication in critically ill patients, often caused by renal ischemia‐reperfusion (RIR). Previous studies have confirmed that lung injury, rather than renal injury, is one of the leading causes of AKI‐induced death. The pathophysiological mechanisms of acute lung injury (ALI) resulting from AKI are very complex and remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to explore the protective effects and potential mechanism of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) on lung injury in RIR mice. Methods. The RIR model was established in wild‐type and Nrf2-/- mice. Different groups of mice were treated with NaHS and MCC950. Lung tissues were harvested to detect lung injury, mitochondrial function, cell apoptosis, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and Nrf2 pathway‐related molecules. Results. RIR led to a deterioration in lung histology, the wet/dry weight ratio, PaO2/FiO2, and mitochondrial function, in addition to stimulating the activation of the NLRP3 and Nrf2 pathways. MCC950 alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, lung apoptosis, and histology injury in the lungs after RIR. NaHS treatment markedly improved the lung histological scores, the wet/dry weight ratio, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell counts, BALF neutrophil counts, BALF neutrophil elastase activity, BALF protein concentration, PaO2/FiO2, mitochondrial morphology, the red/green fluorescence intensity that indicates changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, respiratory control rate (RCR), ATP, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, and cell apoptosis via Nrf2‐mediated NLRP3 pathway inhibition. Conclusion. NaHS protected against RIR‐induced lung injury, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation, which is associated with Nrf2 activation‐mediated NLRP3 pathway inhibition.
Study on Mechanical Performance of Prestressed UHPFRC U‐Beam Bridges
Authors: Liu Mengying , Brühwiler Eugen , Cui Fengkun , Xu Yue
Published: April 2021

The forms of U‐shaped UHPFRC beams have not been investigated for the highway footbridge. Compared with the traditional section forms, the U‐shaped UHPFRC beams can reduce the material consumption under the condition of providing the same bearing capacity. Furthermore, prestressed U‐shaped UHPFRC beams are rarely reported in the existing research. This paper explores the flexural behavior of prestressed ultrahigh‐performance fiber‐reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) beam bridge having unique design and the material properties of prestressed reinforcement combined with UHPFRC. Based on the unique shape of the U beam, the flexural performance test of the full‐scale model of the prestressed UHPFRC U beam is conducted. Then, the finite element model considering material nonlinearity and structural ductility is established using Midas FEA software. Finally, the failure mode, failure process, cracking moment, ultimate moment, and strain of the full‐scale model are studied. The calculation formulas of the flexural capacity of UHPFRC U beam considering ductile failure are derived. The comparative analysis results show that the prestressed UHPFRC U beam has an excellent flexural performance. The bending failure of a U‐shaped beam belongs to the group of ductile failures, which is characterized by the main crack along the central rib and the loading center, which is accompanied by multiple microcracks. The failure process can be divided into four stages: linear deformation, microcracks development, main cracks development, and bearing capacity decline. The incorporation of steel fiber and the interaction between UHPFRC and reinforcement can effectively reduce the development of cracks. The U‐beam bending moment is 50–55% of the ultimate bending moment. In the UHPFRC bridge design, the deformation can be used as a control index, and material advantages of the UHPFRC can be used to a certain extent. The strain‐hardening characteristics of the UHPFRC are obvious in the loading process. The finite element analysis results show that the maximum strain value appears at the central rib, followed by the transverse strain value of the bottom plate, while the minimum strain is the longitudinal strain value of the bottom plate. The deformation of the rib plate is the largest, and the strain of the other measuring points changes slowly. The farther away from the center the measurement point is, the slower its strain changes. Therefore, the load is mainly caused by the central rib and the loading center plate. With the increase in the deformation, the load on both sides continuously moves to the central rib along the plate surface. This study can provide a useful reference for theoretical analysis and design of prestressed U‐UHPFRC bridges.
Salivary Protein Profile and Food Intake: A Dietary Pattern Analysis
Authors: Louro Teresa , Simões Carla , Lima Wilmara , Carreira Laura , Castelo Paula Midori , Luis Henrique , Moreira Pedro , Lamy Elsa
Published: April 2021

Saliva research has gained interest due to its potential as a source of biomarkers. One of the factors inducing changes in saliva, in the short term, is food intake, and evidence exist about changes in salivary proteome induced by some food components. Since this topic of research is in its early stages, it was hypothesized that saliva protein composition could be associated with different levels of adherence to dietary patterns that contain higher amounts of plant products. The aim of the present study was to test this hypothesis, in adults, by comparing salivary protein electrophoretic profiles of individuals with different diet characteristics, particularly dietary patterns (DP) that exhibit different proportions of animal and plant-based products. Dietary habits were assessed in 122 adults (61 from each sex, with ages ranging from 20 to 59 years) using Food Frequency Questionnaires. To identify the dietary patterns, a principal component analysis was used. Individual’s non-stimulated saliva was evaluated for flow rate, pH, protein concentration, α-amylase activity, and electrophoretic protein profiles. Seven dietary patterns (DP) were identified. Salivary amylase enzymatic activity was positively associated with animal-based and starchy foods DP, and with plant-based fatty foods without wine DP. At the same time, protein bands containing amylase and type S cystatins were positively associated with the cheese/yoghurt and wine DP. Our results support the association of salivary proteomics and different dietary patterns and highlight the need of considering food consumption habits in studies using saliva, since this is a factor associated with variations in the composition of this fluid.
Single-Valued Neutrosophic DEMATEL for Segregating Types of Criteria: A Case of Subcontractors’ Selection
Authors: Abdullah Lazim , Ong Zheeching , Mohd Mahali Shalela
Published: April 2021

The decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) has been used to solve numerous multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problems, where real numbers are utilised in defining linguistic variables. Although the DEMATEL has shown its success in solving many decision-making problems, researchers have not fully understood how the DEMATEL works on non-real-number linguistic variables. Recent discovery of single-valued neutrosophic sets (SVNSs) can offer a new method to solve decision-making problems, where three memberships of SVNSs are used to define experts’ linguistic judgment. This paper aims to propose a novel MCDM method, where SVNSs and the DEMATEL are fully utilised. Different from the DEMATEL, which directly utilises real numbers, this proposed method introduces SVNSs to better deal with truth, indeterminacy, and falsity in solving MCDM problem. As an application of the proposed method, subcontractors’ selection problem is investigated using the proposed method, where four types of criteria are developed. A group of experts were invited to provide opinions and linguistic judgment regarding the degree of influence between criteria of subcontractors’ selection. The linguistic evaluations defined in SVNSs were computed using the eight-step procedures of the proposed method. Based on the degree of influence, the computational results successfully segregated all ten criteria into four types, in which two to three criteria are grouped in each type. The results also suggest that “Experience” and “Quality” are the most influential criteria in subcontractors’ selection. The segregation based on degree of influence would be greatly significant for the practical implementation of the subcontractors’ selection.
Invariant Natural Killer T Cells as Key Players in Host Resistance against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Authors: Nogueira-Neto Joes , Loures Flavio V. , Schanoski Alessandra S. , Andrade David A. G. , Gonzatti Michelangelo B. , Costa Tania A. , Vivanco Bruno C. , Xander Patrícia , Rosa Daniela S. , Calich Vera L. G. , Keller Alexandre C.
Published: April 2021

Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells are key players in the immunity to several pathogens; however, their involvement in the resistance to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection remains unknown. Using splenocytes from CD1d (CD1d-/-) and iNKT-deficient (Jα18-/-) mice, we found that iNKT cells are the innate source of IFN-γ after P. brasiliensis infection and are required to potentiate macrophage oxidative burst and control fungal growth. To determine whether iNKT cells contribute in vivo to host resistance against P. brasiliensis infection, we infected intratracheally wild-type and Jα18-/- C57BL/6 mouse strains with the virulent Pb18 isolate. iNKT cell deficiency impaired the airway acute inflammatory response, resulting in decreased airway neutrophilia and reduced IFN-γ, KC, and nitric oxide (NO) production. The deficient innate immune response of Jα18-/- mice to Pb18 infection resulted in increased fungal burden in the lungs and spleen. Besides, the activation of iNKT cells in vivo by administration of the exogenous iNKT ligand α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) improved host resistance to P. brasiliensis infection. Although the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon remain to be clarified, α-GalCer treatment boosted the local inflammatory response and reduced pulmonary fungal burden. In conclusion, our study is the first evidence that iNKT cells are important for the protective immunity to P. brasiliensis infection and their activation by an exogenous ligand is sufficient to improve the host resistance to this fungal infection.
Nonlinear Frequency Response Analysis of Double‐helical Gear Pair Based on the Incremental Harmonic Balance Method
Authors: Dong Hao , Wang Libang , Zhang Haoqin , Zhao Xiao-long
Published: April 2021

The torsional dynamic model of double‐helical gear pair considering time‐varying meshing stiffness, constant backlash, dynamic backlash, static transmission error, and external dynamic excitation was established. The frequency response characteristics of the system under constant and dynamic backlashes were solved by the incremental harmonic balance method, and the results were further verified by the numerical integration method. At the same time, the influence of time‐varying meshing stiffness, damping, static transmission error, and external load excitation on the amplitude frequency characteristics of the system was analyzed. The results show that there is not only main harmonic response but also superharmonic response in the system. The time‐varying meshing stiffness and static transmission error can stimulate the amplitude frequency response of the system, while the damping can restrain the amplitude frequency response of the system. Changing the external load excitation has little effect on the amplitude frequency response state change of the system. Compared with the constant backlash, increasing the dynamic backlash amplitude can further control the nonlinear vibration of the gear system.
Methodology for Establishing Segmentation Strategy for Large Metal Components from Nuclear Power Plants with Consideration of Packaging into Containers
Authors: Lee Jae Min , Cheong Jae Hak , Whang Jooho
Published: April 2021

A methodology for segmenting large metal components from nuclear power plants has been developed with a view to minimizing the number of containers to emplace segmented pieces. Spherocylinder-type and rectangular prism-type objects are modeled in shapes, and equations to calculate heights, widths, lengths, or angles for segmentation and the number of pieces are derived using geometric theorems, with a hypothetical ‘virtual rectangle’ being introduced for simplification. Applicability of the new methodology is verified through case studies assuming that each segmented piece is packaged into a 200 L container, and a procedure for adjusting potential overestimation of the segmented pieces due to the virtual rectangle is proposed. The new approach results in fewer segmented pieces but more containers than an existing segmentation study using 3D modeling. It is demonstrated that the number of containers can be further reduced, however, if the generalized methodology is followed by 3D modeling. In addition, it is confirmed that the generalized approach is also applicable to a nonstandard shapes such as ellipsoidal shape but only under limited conditions. Sensitivity analyses are conducted by changing dimensions of the objects and container, which brings about an optimal dimension of container as well. The generalized approach would be utilized either alone in decommissioning planning to estimate waste from segmentation of large metal components or combined with 3D modeling to optimize segmentation operation.
[Retracted] Molecular Mechanism of 73HOXC‐AS1‐Activated Wntβ‐Catenin Signaling and eIF4AIII in Promoting Progression of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhang Shumin , Wang Lianzhen , Gao Yuting , Fan Yanxia , Zhang Gang , Zhang Yujie
Published: April 2021

Objective. This study is aimed at exploring the regulatory mechanism of 73HOXC‐AS1 overexpression plasmid‐activated Wntβ‐catenin classic signaling pathway and eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4AIII) expression increased by lentivirus‐eIF4AIII‐RNAi (44682‐1) (LV‐eIF4AIII‐RNAi (44682‐1)). Methods. Focusing on the occurrence and progression of gastric cancer, the human gastric cancer cell line BGC823 (University Experimental Center) was taken as the research object and was transfected after subculture. According to the different ways of transfection, the cells were divided into the P1 group (LV‐eIF4AIII‐RNAi (44682‐1) overexpressed plasmid), the P2 group (pcDNA‐HOXC‐AS1 overexpressed plasmid), the P3 group (LV‐eIF4AIII‐RNAi (44682‐1) + pcDNA‐HOXC‐AS1), and the P4 group (no transfection, control group). Cell proliferation was detected by CCK‐8 (Cell Counting Kit‐8) assay, Western blotting was adopted to detect Wnt3a and P‐GSK3β proteins, Transwell assay was adopted to detect the ability of cell migration and invasion, and cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Results. The results show that the protein expression levels of Wnt3a and P‐GSK3β (glycogen synthase kinase‐3β) in the P1 and P4 groups were lower than those in the P2 and P3 groups (P < 0.05). The cell activity and clone number of BGC823 in the P3 group were higher than those in the P1, P2, and P4 groups (P < 0.05). The apoptosis rate of BGC823 cells in the P3 group was significantly higher than those in the P1, P2, and P4 groups (P < 0.05). The proportion of BGC823 cells in the P3 group at the S phase was significantly higher than those in the P1, P2, and P4 groups, while the proportion in the G2 phase was significantly lower than those in the P1, P2, and P4 groups (P < 0.05). The number of migrating and invading BGC823 cells in the P3 group was significantly higher than those in the P1, P2, and P4 groups, while the number of migrating BGC823 cells in the P4 group was significantly lower than those in the P1 and P2 groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion. The 73HOXC‐AS1 overexpression plasmid‐activated Wntβ‐catenin classic signaling pathway and eIF4AIII expression increased by LV‐eIF4AIII‐RNAi (44682‐1) could act together on BGC823 cells to improve cell proliferation activity, migration, and invasion; inhibit cell apoptosis; and prevent cells from entering the S phase.
Exploring Critical Factors Affecting Contractors’ Coopetition Relationship in International Construction Projects
Authors: Gao Lili , Deng Xiaopeng , Yang Weimin , Chang Tengyuan
Published: April 2021

Coopetition is a revolutionary mindset that combines competition and cooperation. This paper aims to determine and to explore the critical factors affecting contractors’ coopetition relationship (CR) in international construction projects (ICPs). In order to improve CR between international contractors in ICPs, a comprehensive literature review was performed to identify the potential variables affecting the CR. A questionnaire survey of 151 professionals in both academia and industry, which included 53 variables, was conducted to explore the critical factors affecting international contractors’ CR in ICPs. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to evaluate the multivariate interrelationships among those variables. As a result, nine underlying factors, including six internal factors and three external factors, were extracted and interpreted. The findings can help international contractors to understand more accurately how the coopetition relationship between contractors is affected and can provide a basis for follow‐up research on how to evaluate the coopetition status of contractors and the coopetition strategies adopted in ICPs.
Delayed Diagnosis, Difficult Decisions: Novel Gene Deletion Causing X-Linked Hypophosphatemia in a Middle-Aged Man with Achondroplastic Features and Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Chin Yun Ann , Zhao Yi , Tay Gerald , Sim Weiying , Chow Chun Yuen , Chandran Manju
Published: April 2021

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is the most prevalent form of hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets associated with phosphate wasting. However, its diagnosis is often missed, resulting in patients presenting late in the course of the disease when complications such as tertiary hyperparathyroidism and renal failure have already set in. Phosphate and calcitriol replacement, both of which have undesirable consequences of their own, have historically been the main stay of therapy. We describe the case of a 57-year-old gentleman with tertiary hyperparathyroidism, who was mislabelled as having achondroplasia for many years before we made a diagnosis of XLH in him. His XLH was found to be due to a hereto unreported deletion of entire exon 14 with partial deletions of introns 13 and 14 of the PHEX gene. Perioperative management in him was fraught with surgical and medical difficulties including an operation that was technically complicated due to his multiple anatomical deformities. Our case also highlights the critical importance of timely recognition and accurate diagnosis of XLH, as well as the long-term multidisciplinary management that is needed for this disorder.
Targeting Adenosine with Adenosine Deaminase 2 to Inhibit Growth of Solid Tumors
Authors: Wang Lin , Londono Luz M. , Cowell Jessica , Saatci Ozge , Aras Mertkaya , Ersan Pelin G. , Serra Sara , Pei Hong , Clift Renee , Zhao Qiping , Phan Kim B. , Huang Lei , LaBarre Michael J. , Li Xiaoming , Shepard H. Michael , Deaglio Silvia , Linden Joel , Thanos Christopher D. , Sahin Ozgur , Cekic Caglar
Published: April 2021

Extracellular adenosine in tumors can suppress immune responses and promote tumor growth. Adenosine deaminase 2 (ADA2) converts adenosine into inosine. The role of ADA2 in cancer and whether it can target adenosine for cancer therapy has not been investigated. Here we show that increased ADA2 expression is associated with increased patient survival and enrichment of adaptive immune response pathways in several solid tumor types. Several ADA2 variants were created to improve catalytic efficiency, and PEGylation was used to prolong systemic exposure. In mice, PEGylated ADA2 (PEGADA2) inhibited tumor growth by targeting adenosine in an enzyme activity–dependent manner and thereby modulating immune responses. These findings introduce endogenous ADA2 expression as a prognostic factor and PEGADA2 as a novel immunotherapy for cancer.

Significance:

This study identifies ADA2 as a prognostic factor associated with prolonged cancer patient survival and introduces the potential of enzymatic removal of adenosine with engineered ADA2 for cancer immunotherapy.
Toxoplasma Retinochoroiditis with Chorioretinal Neovascularization in a Young Patient
Authors: Khandwala Nikhila S. , Hyde Robert A. , Besirli Cagri G.
Published: April 2021

We present a pediatric case to highlight the clinical appearance and management of choroidal neovascularization in the setting of active toxoplasma retinochoroiditis (TRC). A 17-year-old female presented with 2 days of blurry vision in her left eye. Retinal examination demonstrated a pigmented chorioretinal lesion with associated subretinal fluid, vessel sheathing, and adjacent intraretinal hemorrhage. She was diagnosed with active choroidal neovascularization and successful treatment with bevacizumab revealed an underlying active toxoplasmosis lesion. Choroidal neovascularization may rarely present during an acute case of TRC. Dual therapy with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody and anti-parasitic agents leads to improved visual outcomes.
Diabetes, Age, and Duration of Supplementation Subgroup Analysis for the Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hajiluian Ghazaleh , Heshmati Javad , Jafari Karegar Sahar , Sepidarkish Mahdi , Shokri Ali , Shidfar Farzad
Published: April 2021

Background: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has been known as ubiquinone or ubidecarenone, which is a kind of lipid-soluble and vitamin-like antioxidant. It has a potent antioxidant effect against oxidation status via various mechanisms, including its ability to regenerate other antioxidants, such as vitamin E and vitamin C, and to increase antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, CoQ10 can quench free radicals and prevent lipid peroxidation. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of CoQ10 on oxidative stress variables. Methods: A comprehensive electronic database search in Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Medline was performed to identify eligible randomized clinical trials. A meta-analysis of included studies was performed on selected variables using a random-effects model. Quality assessment was conducted by means of the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Results: To evaluate the effect of CoQ10 supplementation, 17 trials and 972 participants were included for the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis of primary studies showed that CoQ10 increased serum total antioxidant capacity (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.62 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.18–1.05, I2 = 76.1%, p ˂ 0.001) and superoxide dismutase (SMD 0.40 U/mg, 95% CI 0.12–0.67, I2 = 9.6%, p ˂ 0.345) levels and decreased malondialdehyde (SMD –1.02 mmol/L, 95% CI –1.60 to –0.44, I2 = 88.2%, p ˂ 0.001) level significantly compared to the placebo group. Although the effect of CoQ10 on nitric oxide (SMD 1.01 µmol/L, 95% CI –1.53 to 3.54, p ˂ 0.001, I2 = 97.8%) and glutathione peroxidase (SMD –0.01 mmol/L, 95% CI –0.86 to 0.84, p ˂ 0.001, I2 = 88.6%) was not significant, CoQ10 can be mentioned as an improvement in antioxidant defense status against reactive oxygen species. Conclusion: These supplements have positive effects on antioxidant defense against oxidizing agents and elevate antioxidant enzyme levels in the body. However, due to limited research the results should be taken with caution.
A new species of the genus Teratozephyrus Sibatani, 1946 from China (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Theclinae)
Authors: HUANG SI-YAO , JIANG FAN , SONG HAI-TIAN
Published: April 2021

A new species, T. yaolihuoi Huang, Jiang & Song sp. nov. of the genus Teratozephyrus Sibatani, 1946 is described from southeastern China. Among the other representatives of the genus, the new species resembles only T. hinomaru Fujioka, 1994 from southwestern China, from which the new species can be separated easily by examining details in both wing pattern and the male genitalia. Wing patterns and genitalia of the new species and T. hinomaru are illustrated and compared.
The curious case of “innies”: Articles 50.1, 50.1.1 and the citation of authorities in Decapoda Crustacea—a way forward
Authors: GRAVE SAMMY DE , NG PETER K. L.
Published: April 2021

In the majority of species and genus names in Decapoda Crustacea, the author(s) of the name equate with the author(s) of the work. In a relatively small number of cases, however, the author(s) of the name are either a subset of the authors of the work or are not an author on the work—a phenomenon herein termed “innies”. We demonstrate that these two categories should be differentially interpreted according to Articles 50.1 and 50.1.1 of the ICZN Code. To promote stability in cited authorship of historical names, it is proposed that 1) if the author(s) of the name are also an author on the work, these should be universally accepted as “innies”, irrespective of any further explanation in the text (including a mere attribution following the taxon name); and 2) that if the author(s) of the name are not an author(s) of the work, these should only be considered as “innies” if a more expansive explanation is given in the text, not merely an attribution of authorship to the taxon name.
A comprehensive flood inundation mapping for Hurricane Harvey using an integrated hydrological and hydraulic model
Authors: Chen Mengye , Li Zhi , Gao Shang , Luo Xiangyu , Wing Oliver E. J. , Shen Xinyi , Gourley Jonathan J. , Kolar Randall L. , Hong Yang
Published: April 2021

As climate change will increase the frequency and intensity of precipitation extremes and coastal flooding, there is a clear need for an integrated hydrology and hydraulic system that has the ability to model the hydrologic conditions over a long period and the flow dynamic representations of when and where the extreme hydrometeorological events occur. This system coupling provides comprehensive information (flood wave, inundation extents and depths) about coastal flood events for emergency management and risk minimization. This study provides an integrated hydrologic and hydraulic coupled modeling system that is based on the Coupled Routing and Excessive Storage (CREST) model and the Australia National University- Geophysics Australia (ANUGA) model to simulate flood. Forced by the near-real-time Multi-Radar Multi-Sensor (MRMS) Quantitative Precipitation Estimates (QPEs), this integrated modeling system was applied during the 2017 Hurricane Harvey event to simulate the streamflow, the flood extent, and the inundation depth. The results were compared with post-event Water High Mark (WHM) survey data and its interpolated flood extent by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) flood insurance claims, as well as a satellite-based flood map, the National Water Model (NWM) and the Fathom (LISFLOOD-FP) model simulated flood map. The proposing hydrologic and hydraulic model simulation indicated that it could capture 87% of all flood insurance claims within the study area, and the overall error of water depth was 0.91 meters, which is comparable to the mainstream operational flood models (NWM and Fathom).
Cyclonic eddies in the West Greenland Boundary Current System
Authors: Pacini Astrid , Pickart Robert S. , Le Bras Isabela A. , Straneo Fiammetta , Holliday N.P. , Spall M.A.
Published: April 2021

The boundary current system in the Labrador Sea plays an integral role in modulating convection in the interior basin. Four years of mooring data from the eastern Labrador Sea reveal persistent mesoscale variability in the West Greenland boundary current. Between 2014 and 2018, 197 mid-depth intensified cyclones were identified that passed the array near the 2000 m isobath. In this study, we quantify these features and show that they are the downstream manifestation of Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW) cyclones. A composite cyclone is constructed revealing an average radius of 9 km, maximum azimuthal speed of 24 cm/s, and a core propagation velocity of 27 cm/s. The core propagation velocity is significantly smaller than upstream near Denmark Strait, allowing them to trap more water. The cyclones transport a 200-m thick lens of dense water at the bottom of the water column, and increase the transport of DSOW in the West Greenland boundary current by 17% relative to the background flow. Only a portion of the features generated at Denmark Strait make it to the Labrador Sea, implying that the remainder are shed into the interior Irminger Sea, are retroflected at Cape Farewell, or dissipate. A synoptic shipboard survey east of Cape Farewell, conducted in summer 2020, captured two of these features which shed further light on their structure and timing. This is the first time DSOW cyclones have been observed in the Labrador Sea—a discovery that could have important implications for interior stratification.
Minimally Invasive Mastectomy Could Achieve Non-inferior Oncological Outcome in Appropriately Selected Patients: Propensity Matched Analysis of the National Cancer Database
Authors: Cao Lifen , Shenk Robert , Miller Megan E. , Towe Christopher
Published: April 2021

Background

Minimally invasive mastectomy (MIM) was emerged as an approach to decrease morbidity and increase patient satisfaction through improved cosmetic results; however, there is a paucity of data regarding the long-term oncologic outcomes of these minimally invasive approaches.

Methods

Patients who underwent mastectomy procedures were identified in the National Cancer Database (2010-2016). Patients were categorized as MIM or open mastectomy. A 1:1 propensity match was performed to balance the bias on reconstruction, nipple sparing, lymph node procedures, and other confounding factors between the cohorts. Short- and long-term outcomes were compared.

Results

A total of 328 811 patients met the criteria: 327 643 (99.6%) received open mastectomy and 1168 (.4%) received MIM. Propensity match identified 384 “pairs” of MIM and open mastectomy patients. Among them, MIM was associated with shorter length of stay (LOS) (mean 1.3 vs. 1.06 days, P = .003). No differences were observed in the rates of positive margins, unplanned readmissions, or 90-day mortality between the 2 operative approaches. Overall survival (OS) was equivalent between MIM and open mastectomy patients. Cox proportional hazard regression showed no effect of the procedure performed on OS.

Discussion

MIM is associated with shorter LOS, and it is non-inferior to open mastectomy in terms of other short-term outcomes and long-term oncologic survival outcomes. These data suggest that MIM may be considered in appropriately selected breast cancer patients as an additional approach to the community.
Patient Case Formulations and Oppressive Disability Discourses in Occupational Therapy Education
Authors: Grenier Marie-Lyne
Published: April 2021

Background.

Patient case formulations have become a standard feature in occupational therapy (OT) education. Despite their demonstrated benefits in optimizing student learning, patient case formulations may unintentionally convey oppressive disability discourses.

Purpose.

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate and invite critical reflection on the use of patient case formulations in reinforcing ableist discourses and assumptions in OT education and practice.

Key Issues.

Through the lens of critical disability theory and Crip theory, the author demonstrates how patient case formulations are often reflective of institutionalized ableism that functions to support oppressive disability discourses in the profession, contributing to harmful healthcare practices.

Implications.

The ongoing use of patient case formulations rooted in oppressive disability discourses perpetuates oppressive constructions of disabled people in OT education and practice. A radical shift towards pedagogical materials and practices that support identity-affirming disability discourses would be more aligned with the profession’s expressed values.
From the participatory turn of administrations to the bureaucratisation of participatory democracy: study based on the French case
Authors: Gourgues Guillaume , Mazeaud Alice , Nonjon Magali
Published: April 2021

This article sets out to contribute to the debate on the participatory turn of public action and the administration by studying the profile and work of civil servants dedicated to citizen participation within French local administrations. Counter to the rhetoric advocating the participatory modernisation of the administration, an analysis of the day-to-day work of civil servants in charge of participation makes it possible to grasp the dynamics behind the bureaucratisation of citizen participation. Without actually shaking up administrative routines, the specialist civil servants invent new routines essentially intended to maintain the arrangements set up, even when these have little or no effect on the conduct of public action.

Points for practitioners

This article provides an insight into the processes of administering citizen participation in France according to a double logic of specialisation and dissemination, and analyses the practical aspects of participatory work within the administrations.