bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CZĘSTOŚĆ WYSTĘPOWANIA ORAZ CZYNNIKI SKORELOWANE Z BÓLEM MIESIĄCZKOWYM U ZDROWYCH STUDENTEK
Authors: Teul Iwona , Kliś Katarzyna , Jarzębak Krzysztof , Wronka Iwona
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Menstrual disorders generally affect the daily activities of females, and menstrual pain is a common gynaecological complaint in westernized societies. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of, and the factors related to, menstrual pain in young, healthy women.Material and methods: Data from 600 university students were obtained during the cross sectional survey. Students were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire. Information on the women’s socioeconomic status, age at menarche, and menstrual cycle characteristics: i.e. the length and regularity of cycles, the duration of menstrual flow, and the occurrence of menstrual pain, headache and back pain during the cycles were asked about. Each person’s height, weight and waist circumference were measured, and the following indices: BMI, WHR, and WHtR were calculated.Results: 29.8% of the surveyed students reported the occurrence of moderate pain during menstruation, and 21.7% reported the occurrence of severe menstrual pain. Significant differences were observed in the prevalence of menstrual pain with relation to age at menarche and the amount and distribution of adipose tissue. Menstrual pain was more prevalent among women who experienced menarche at a younger age. Among overweight and obese students, as well as among students with abdominal obesity, menstrual pain was more frequent than among those with correct weight and correct waist circumference. Moreover, psychological stress was associated with menstrual pain.Conclusion: The results of this study show that a significant percentage of young women complain of menstrual pain. Menstrual pain is associated with early age at menarche, obesity and abdominal obesity.
Analysis of PONV incidence in gynaecology patients
Authors: Ćwiek Dorota , Wojciechowska Arleta , Szymoniak Katarzyna , Fryc Dorota , Stanisz Marta , Menkiszak Janusz
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is the most common side effect of anaesthesia, as reported by patients in the postoperative period. The overall incidence of PONV, according to various authors, is in the 8–92% range. The latest research on the pathophysiology of vomit reflexes has played an important role in changing the perception of PONV and introduction of PONV prevention, which significantly improves patient comfort by reducing the number of complications and shortening the length of the hospital stay.

The aim of the study was to analyse the incidence of PONV in gynaecological patients.

Materials and methods: The study was conducted among 300 women, patients of the Surgical Gynaecology and Gynaecological Oncology Clinic for Adults and Girls at the Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 2 of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, who underwent surgery due to a variety of gynaeco-logical conditions in the period from May to October 2015. The research tool was the author’s own questionnaire containing 22 closed-ended questions. The questionnaire included demographics as well as an assessment of the state of the women’s health in terms of complications (nausea, vomiting), and substance use (tobacco, alcohol). Patient medical records were also analysed.

Results: The results demonstrated: 1) no relationship between the socio-demographic variables and the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the postoperative period; 2) no relationship between PONV and specific medical variables, such as alcohol use, body mass index (BMI), administration of opioids such as fentanyl and fentanyl plus morphine; 3) a relationship between the type of surgery, anaesthesia used, smoking, and the incidence of nausea and vomiting; 4) a high risk of nausea and vomiting in patients after administration of spinal morphine into the subarachnoid space; 5) metabolic diseases, diseases of the lower digestive tract, respiratory conditions, and motion sickness had a negative influence on the incidence of PONV.

Conclusions: 1. The type and duration of surgery as well as the type of anaesthesia and opioids used affected the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the postoperative period. If possible, every effort should be made to shorten the duration of surgery, perform surgery laparoscopically and administer drugs, which do not affect the incidence of nausea and vomiting. 2. There is a need for organisational changes in hospitals regarding the introduction and compliance with ERAS, in particular, with regard to the withdrawal of food and drink before surgery. 3. The use of chewing gum strongly reduced the incidence of nausea and vomiting. Therefore, it would be important to introduce, as a standard practice, this non-pharmacological prevention method in the postoperative period.
Synthesis and characterization of SmAlO3 by stearic acid route
Authors: Li J.M. , Zhang Chuimin , Liu Hui , Qiu Tai , Fan Chuangang
Published: May 2020

A rapid and facile approach was developed for the synthesis of ultrafine SmAlO3 powders through the combustion of stearic acid precursors. The obtained products were characterized by typical techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron microscopy transmission (TEM) to analyze the phase composition and microstructure. The dielectric characteristics of SmAlO3 microwave ceramics, using the as-obtained products as original materials, were also studied. Compared with the conventional solid-state reaction method, the synthesis temperature was dramatically reduced to 750 ℃. The large-size sheet structure was composed of a number of micro/nano-scale crystallites, which were mostly irregular in shape due to the mutual growth and overlapping shapes of adjacent grains. The SmAlO3 ceramics with high density and uniform microstructure were obtained after sintering at 1500 ℃ for 4 h due to the favorable sintering activity of the as-synthesized powders. In addition, desired dielectric properties at microwave frequencies (dielectric constant εr = 20.22, quality factor Q·f = 74110 GHz, and a temperature coefficient of resonant frequency τf = -74.6 ppm/℃) were achieved.
Return-To-Practice Roadmap In Orthopedic Surgery Of A Spanish Military Hospital After Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vita Diana Crego , Rodríguez-Moro Carlos , Gómez-Rico José Adolfo Orelana , García-Cañas Rafael , Martínez Monica Huecas , Herrero Azucena Martín , Jimenez Francisco Javier Areta
Published: May 2020

Background The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic In Spain, especially in Madrid, suddenly affected all the activity of the hospital including the suspension of all non-urgent surgical procedures. What´s more crucial, the urgent procedures were seriously obstructed by to factors: the mandatory protection measures (individual protection clothes, facemasks, and their initial stockout, etc), the redesigned flow of the patients in and out the operation room specially because the advisable diagnosis study of severe acute respiratory syndrome related Coronavirus 2 in each patient.Methods We review the patients treated in our orthopedic department during the outbreak of Coronavirus disease 19. Based in our early experience and the emergency situation with high contagious rate in Madrid, Spain, we have built a list of considerations and recommendations to guide orthopaedic units in their resumption of their regular activity, focusing at the moment of reintroduce elective surgeries, during the contained epidemic phases.Results The mortality rate in Coronavirus disease 19 patients was 3/9 and in the non Coronavirus disease group 4/23 developed pneumonia by Coronavirus2 (1 dead). There are no guidelines in literature for orthopedic surgeons in the postpandemic phase.Conclusion Coronavirus disease 19 patients have an elevated morbidity and mortality, surgery during this pandemia can facilitate pneumonia by Coronavirus2. The return-to-practice measures in the orthopedic units must take into account this fact. We recommend for each orthopedic surgery department to create a flowchart, as ours, in order to restart surgical activity.
The Mi-EFF1/Minc17998 effector interacts with the soybean GmHub6 protein to promote host plant parasitism by Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Mendes Reneida Aparecida Godinho , Basso Marcos Fernando , de Melo Bruno Paes , Lima Rayane Nunes , de Araújo Janaina Fernandes , de-Sa Maira Grossi , Mattos Vanessa da Silva , Togawa Roberto Coiti , Albuquerque Érika Valéria Saliba , de-Sa Maria Eugênia Lisei , Silva Maria Cristina Mattar da , Macedo Leonardo Lima Pepino , Fragoso Rodrigo da Rocha , Fernandez Diana , Vignols Florence , Grossi-de-Sa Maria Fatima
Published: May 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Identification of Mitochondrial DNA (NUMTs) in the Nuclear Genome of Daphnia Magna
Authors: Kowal Krzysztof , Tkaczyk Angelika , Pierzchała Mariusz , Bownik Adam , Ślaska Brygida
Published: May 2020

Background: This is the first study in which the Daphnia magna (D. magna) nuclear genome deposited in the GenBank data-base was analyzed for pseudogene sequences of mitochondrial origin. The first complete information about the genome of D. magna was published by Lee et al. in 2019. To date, there is no information about pseudogenes localized in the genome of D. magna . The aim of the present study was to identify NUMTs, their length, homology, and location for potential use in evolutionary studies and to check whether their occurrence causes co-amplification during mitochondrial genome analyses.Results: Bioinformatic analysis showed 1909 fragments of the mitochondrial genome of D. magna , of which 1630 fragments were located in ten linkage groups (LG) of the nuclear genome (nDNA). The most frequently occurring fragments of the mtDNA sequence in the nuclear genome included ND2 (115), ND3 (113), and TRNA-CYS (110)). However, the highest number of NUMTs was observed for the D-loop (147). 253 fragments showed 100% homology (from 16 to 46 bp) with mtDNA gene sequences. The sequence homology for TRNA-MET was 100% for all 6 NUMTs (from 16 to 18 bp). The overall length of NUMTs in the nDNA was 44.391 bp (from 16 to 182 bp), which accounted for 0.042% of the entire genome.Conclusions: The best-matched NUMTs covering more than 90% of the mtDNA gene sequence have been identified for the TRNA-ARG (95%), TRNA-GLU (97%), and TRNA-THR (95%) genes, and they may be included in the functional nuclear tRNA genes. Using the product of total DNA isolation in mtDNA studies, coamplification of nDNA fragments is unlikely in the case of amplification of the whole tRNA genes as well as fragments of other genes and the D-loop with a length exceeding 200 bp. It was observed that TRNA-MET fragments had the highest level of sequence homology, which means that they could be evolutionarily the youngest. The lowest degree of homology was found in the pseudogene derived from the mtDNA D-loop sequence. It may probably be the oldest element of mitochondrial DNA incorporated into the nuclear genome; however, further analysis is necessary.
Medicinal Plants Used in Four Local Government Areas of Southwestern Nigeria for the Management of Diabetes and Its Comorbidities: An Ethnobotanical Survey
Authors: Sidiq Latifat O. , Segun Peter A. , Ogbole Omonike O
Published: May 2020

Background:Diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to pose a major global health threat with serious economic burden in sub-Saharan Africa, especially Nigeria. This condition is often worsened with accompanying comorbidities, further putting a strain on patient wellbeing. Medicinal plants are not only effective in DM, but some of them are also have beneficial effects on accompanying disease states. Such plants may be appropriate alternatives or adjuncts to available antidiabetic medications. This study aimed at accessing and documenting the medicinal plants used in four local government of southwestern Nigeria for the management of diabetes and its comorbidities.Methods:Semi-structured questionnaires were used to obtain information from traditional medical practitioners, village elders and herb sellers. The data obtained were analyzed and discussed in relation to previously published literature. Fifty-three respondents mostly males (77.4%) provided information on medicinal plants useful for the management of diabetes and its comorbidities.Results:A total of 77 medicinal plants belonging to 76 genera in 44 plant families were mentioned in the survey. In particular, 53 medicinal plants are mentioned for managing diabetes, 35 for hypertension, 28 for stroke, 17 for heart diseases and 25 for obesity. The most frequently cited plant family was Leguminosae (12%), followed by Euphorbiaceae (8%). The frequently used plant species includesVernonia amygdalina, Citrus aurantifolia, Viscum album, Carica papaya, Allium sativum. It is interesting to note that only Citrus aurantifoliawas mentioned severally for the management of the five ailments. The herbal recipes, methods of herbal preparation and administration were also recorded.Conclusions:The survey shows that a significant number ofmedicinal plants are used for the management of diabetes and its comorbidities in the study area. These plants, apart from their hypoglycemic activity, may be useful against the most common complications of DM and may provide strategies for the development of less expensive therapies especially in low income communities.
Berbamine inhibits the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and flaviviruses by compromising TPRMLs-mediated endolysosomal trafficking of viral receptors
Authors: Huang Lihong , Li Huanan , Yuen Terrence Tsz-Tai , Ye Zuodong , Fu Qiang , Sun Wei , Xu Qiang , Yang Yang , Chan Jasper Fuk-Woo , Zhang Guoliang , Chu Hin , Qi Wenbao , Yue Jianbo
Published: May 2020

Positive-sense single-stranded ((+)ss) RNA viruses are among the leading causes of human and animal infectious diseases in the world, but so far, no effective antiviral agents are available to treat these infections. Here we found that several bis- benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (e.g. berbamine), potently inhibited the infection of coronaviruses (e.g. SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV), flaviviruses (e.g. JEV, ZIKV and DENV), and enteroviruses (e.g. EV-A71) in host cells. Moreover, berbamine protected mice from lethal challenge of JEV. We also found that berbamine inhibited TRPMLs (Ca2+ permeable non-selective cation channels in endosomes and lysosomes), which compromised the endolysosomal trafficking of viral receptors, such as ACE2 and DPP4. This led to the increased secretion of these receptors via extracellular vesicles and the concomitant decrease in their levels at the plasma membrane, thereby preventing (+)ss RNA viruses from entering the host cells. In summary, these results indicate that bis- benzylisoquinoline alkaloids such as berbamine, can act as a pan-anti-(+)ss RNA virus drug by inhibiting TPRMLs to prevent viral entry.
Neurological Involvement of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ghannam Malik , Alshaer Qasem , Al-Chalabi Mustafa , Zakarna Lara , Robertson Jetter , Manousakis Georgios
Published: May 2020

Background: In December 2019, unexplained cases of pneumonia emerged in Wuhan, China, which were found to be secondary to the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. On March 11, 2020, the WHO declared the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-2019) outbreak, a pandemic. Although the most common presentations of COVID-19 are fever, cough and shortness of breath, several clinical observations indicate that COVID-19 does affect the central and peripheral nervous system. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search from December 01, 2019 to May 14, 2020 using multiple combinations of keywords from PubMed and Ovid Medline databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We included articles with cases of COVID-19 that were evident for neurological involvement. Results: We were able to identify 82 cases of COVID-19 with neurological complications. The mean age was 62.28 years. 37.8% of the patients were women (n = 31). 48.8% of the patients (n=40) had cerebrovascular insults, 28% (n=23) had neuromuscular disorders, 18.3% of the patients (n=15) had encephalitis or encephalopathy, and 2.4% (n=2) presented with status epilepticus. Conclusions: Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 infection are not rare, especially large vessel stroke, Guillain barre syndrome and meningoencephalitis. Moving forward, further studies are needed to clarify the prevalence of the neurological complications of COVID-19, investigate their biological backgrounds, and test treatment options. Physicians should be cautious not to overlook other neurological diagnoses that can mimic COVID-19 during the pandemic.
SISTEMA MULTIPORTAS DE JUSTIÇA E A ATUAÇÃO DO PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO CONFLITOS SOCIAIS E DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Griebler Jaqueline Beatriz , Serrer Fernanda
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho faz uma análise do Sistema Multiportas de Justiça e a atuação do Projeto de Extensão “Conflitos Sociais e Direitos Humanos” do Curso de Direito da UNIJUÍ, tendo como questão central quais são os limites e possibilidades de um Sistema Multiportas de Justiça no contexto jurisdicional brasileiro, bem como se o projeto de extensão “Conflitos Sociais e Direitos Humanos” pode ser considerado uma experiência em busca de um Sistema Multiportas de Justiça. O objetivo geral deste estudo é compreender as várias “portas” de resolução de conflitos disponíveis no e em paralelo com o Poder Judiciário. Inicialmente, estuda o conflito, percebendo suas diferentes concepções, seja positiva ou negativa e as consequências decorrentes das diversas formas de compreensão dos conflitos intersubjetivos. Após, passa a analisar a crise atual do Poder Judiciário e o Sistema multiportas como uma possível alternativa à crise. Por fim, expõe o trabalho realizado pelo Projeto de Extensão Universitária “Conflitos Sociais e Direitos Humanos” da UNIJUÍ, como uma forma de aplicação do Sistema Multiportas de Justiça. Finaliza concluindo que o Sistema Multiportas de Justiça pode ser uma ferramenta eficaz para atender aos interesses dos sujeitos em conflito a partir da inauguração de novos modos de conceber os conflitos intersubjetivos, apresentando as atividades do Projeto de Extensão Universitária como vivências de um Sistema Multiportas de Justiça.
LA JUSTICIA RESTAURATIVA EN EL SISTEMA PENAL JUVENIL: LAS EXPERIENCIAS DE BRASIL Y CHILE
Authors: Diehl Rodrigo Cristiano , Porto Rosane Teresinha Carvalho , Baracho Bianca
Published: May 2020

La Justicia Restaurativa permite una nueva mirada a la pacificación de los conflictos y la armonización de las relaciones sociales. Con este fin, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar cómo ocurre el proceso de implementación de las prácticas de Justicia Restaurativa juvenil en Brasil y Chile y cómo las políticas públicas y el sistema de justicia penal juvenil de cada país facilitan y/o dificulta este proceso. Para lograr este objetivo, se hacen la siguiente pregunta: ¿cuáles son los procesos sociales, políticos y económicos que facilitan y/u obstaculizan la implementación de prácticas de Justicia Restaurativa juvenil en Brasil y Chile como políticas públicas que forman parte del sistema de justicia? El estudio, desarrollado a través de un método de enfoque deductivo y la búsqueda documental y bibliográfica como técnica de investigación, se estructura en tres momentos: en el primero, describe un panorama de la Justicia Restaurativa juvenil en Brasil, en el segundo momento, trae a la discusión la realidad de la Justicia Restaurativa juvenil en Chile y, en el tercer subcapítulo, hace algunas consideraciones comparativas entre los dos modelos. Los resultados muestran cómo cada país implementa programas de Justicia Restaurativa juvenil en escenarios legales cercanos pero diferentes. Aunque Brasil y Chile tienen, en cierta medida, sistemas jurídicos e instituciones jurídicas sólidos, la aplicación de la Justicia Restaurativa debe concebirse y analizarse como una posibilidad de modernizar la comprensión y las formas de abordar los conflictos.
TÜRKİYEDE HELİKOPTER EBEVEYNLİK EĞİLİMİ VE HELİKOPTER EBEVEYNLERİN DEMOGRAFİK ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: YILMAZ Hasan
Published: May 2020

Çocuklarını
yetiştirmede tutarsız bir otoriterlik ve aşırı korumacılık karışımıyla bilinen
helikopter ebeveynlik tarzı; çocuğun yaşından bağımsız olarak onları kontrol
etme ihtiyacı, onlara özerklik vermeme veya sınırlandırma, çocuklarını
gerçekten sevmedikleri etkinlikleri yapmaya zorlama, farklı konularda ders
aldırma veya başkalarıyla sosyalleşmesinden mahrum etme, akademik sonuçları her
şeyden önemli ve öncelikli tutma, çocuklarının yaptıkları her şeyde haklı
olduklarını düşünme eğilimi, okul öncesinden üniversiteye kadar her kademede öğretmen
ve okul kurullarından sürekli olarak şikayette bulunma davranışlarıyla
karakterize bir çocuk yetiştirme yaklaşımıdır.

Yapılan
araştırmanın amacı Türkiye’de helikopter ebeveynliğin yaygınlığını hem anne hem
baba boyutunda ortaya koymaktır. Bu gelen amaç çerçevesinde anne babaların
hangi konularda helikopter ebeveyn tutumlarının daha baskın olduğunun; yaş,
cinsiyet, eğitim düzeyi, yerleşim yerinin özelliği gibi demografik değişkenlere
göre tespit edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. 
Araştırmada betimsel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla Yaşları 11
ile 22 arasında değişen ve ortaokul ile lisans üstü eğitim seviyelerinde
öğrenim gören 1600 kişiye Algılanan Helikopter Ebeveyn ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Ebeveynlerinin
tutumunu helikopter olarak algılayan 666 katılımcının verileri üzerinde de
tanımlayıcı istatistik değerleri, varyans analizi, t testi ve Scheffe test
yöntemleri ile analizler yapılmıştır.

Araştırmanın
sonunda, Türkiye’de annelerin üçte birinin, babaların ise yedide birinin
helikopter ebeveyn tutuma sahip olduğu, annelerin babalara kıyasla daha fazla
helikopter tutum sergiledikleri gözlenmiştir. Ortaokulda öğrenci olan katılımcıların
algıladıkları helikopter ebeveyn tutumları, diğer eğitim kademelerindeki
katılımcılardan yüksek bulunmuştur. Tek çocuklu, büyük şehirlerde yaşayan
ebeveynlerde helikopter tutum daha fazla gözlenirken helikopter ebeveyn
tutumunun çocukların cinsiyetinden etkilenmediğini de saptanmıştır.
Development of Reverse Phase Ultra-fast Liquid Chromatography Using Ion-pairing Reagent for Quantitative Assessment of Ceftriaxone in Rat Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Padhi Swarupanjali , Mazumder Rupa , Bisth Shradha
Published: May 2020

Background:

In case of meningitis, the meninges are inflamed and the blood brain barrier is
distorted, therefore, there is no hindrance to drug penetration. The problem arises when the disease is at
the verge of cure, the meninges become uninflamed and the permeability of the drug is reduced to such
extend that it becomes nearly impossible to maintain the minimum inhibitory concentration of drug at
the site of infection. This problem was overcome by formulating ceftriaxone loaded NLCs and administrating
it through intraperitoneal route to Wistar Albino rat. For quantitative assessment of drugs in
rat serum and cerebrospinal spinal fluid, a new RP-UFLC (reverse-phase ultra-fast liquid chromatography)
method has been developed and validated.

Objective:

Development and validation of RP-UFLC (using ion-pairing reagent) method for accurate
estimation of ceftriaxone in rat serum and CSF.

Methods:

Method validation is done according to the ICH Guidelines (Q2) for the estimation of ceftriaxone
in rat serum and its CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) by the RP-UFLC method. The blood was collected
from the rat tail vein and CSF was collected carefully from cisterna magna of the rats by a 23G syringe.
The mobile phase was used in a ratio of 70:30%v/v of phosphate buffer with ion-pairing reagent and
acetonitrile with a pH of 8.0

Results:

Limit of detection and limit of quantification of ceftriaxone in rat serum was 1.08 μg/ml and
3.84 μg/ml, respectively. Similarly, the limit of detection and limit of quantification of ceftriaxone in
CSF of rats was 0.94 μg/ml and 2.84 μg/ml, respectively. In both cases, the R2 value was more than
0.99 and showed 99% accuracy.

Conclusion:

The experimental result suggests that the new RP-UFLC method developed and
validated can be effectively used to assess ceftriaxone in preclinical studies in rats.
Usability of Mobile Health Apps for Postoperative Care: Systematic Review
Authors: Patel Ben , Thind Arron
Published: May 2020

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) apps are increasingly used postoperatively to monitor, educate, and rehabilitate. The usability of mHealth apps is critical to their implementation.

Objective

This systematic review evaluates the (1) methodology of usability analyses, (2) domains of usability being assessed, and (3) results of usability analyses.

Methods

The A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews checklist was consulted. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guideline was adhered to. Screening was undertaken by 2 independent reviewers. All included studies were assessed for risk of bias. Domains of usability were compared with the gold-standard mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ).

Results

A total of 33 of 720 identified studies were included for data extraction. Of the 5 included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), usability was never the primary end point. Methodology of usability analyses included interview (10/33), self-created questionnaire (18/33), and validated questionnaire (9/33). Of the 3 domains of usability proposed in the MAUQ, satisfaction was assessed in 28 of the 33 studies, system information arrangement was assessed in 11 of the 33 studies, and usefulness was assessed in 18 of the 33 studies. Usability of mHealth apps was above industry average, with median System Usability Scale scores ranging from 76 to 95 out of 100.

Conclusions

Current analyses of mHealth app usability are substandard. RCTs are rare, and validated questionnaires are infrequently consulted. Of the 3 domains of usability, only satisfaction is regularly assessed. There is significant bias throughout the literature, particularly with regards to conflicts of interest. Future studies should adhere to the MAUQ to assess usability and improve the utility of mHealth apps.
Primary Health Care Facility Preparedness for Outpatient Service Provision During the COVID-19 Pandemic in India: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Garg Suneela , Basu Saurav , Rustagi Ruchir , Borle Amod
Published: May 2020

Background

Primary health centers (PHCs) represent the first tier of the Indian health care system, providing a range of essential outpatient services to people living in the rural, suburban, and hard-to-reach areas. Diversion of health care resources for containing the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly undermined the accessibility and availability of essential health services. Under these circumstances, the preparedness of PHCs in providing safe patient-centered care and meeting the current health needs of the population while preventing further transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection is crucial.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the primary health care facility preparedness toward the provision of safe outpatient services during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among supervisors and managers of primary health care facilities attached to medical colleges and institutions in India. A list of 60 faculties involved in the management and supervision of PHCs affiliated with the community medicine departments of medical colleges and institutes across India was compiled from an accessible private organization member database. We collected the data through a rapid survey from April 24 to 30, 2020, using a Google Forms online digital questionnaire that evaluated preparedness parameters based on self-assessment by the participants. The preparedness domains assessed were infrastructure availability, health worker safety, and patient care.

Results

A total of 51 faculties responded to the survey. Each medical college and institution had on average a total of 2.94 (SD 1.7) PHCs under its jurisdiction. Infrastructural and infection control deficits at the PHC were reported in terms of limited physical space and queuing capacity, lack of separate entry and exit gates (n=25, 49%), inadequate ventilation (n=29, 57%), and negligible airborne infection control measures (n=38, 75.5%). N95 masks were available at 26 (50.9%) sites. Infection prevention and control measures were also suboptimal with inadequate facilities for handwashing and hand hygiene reported in 23.5% (n=12) and 27.4% (n=14) of sites, respectively. The operation of outpatient services, particularly related to maternal and child health, was significantly disrupted (P<.001) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions

Existing PHC facilities in India providing outpatient services are constrained in their functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic due to weak infrastructure contributing to suboptimal patient safety and infection control measures. Furthermore, there is a need for effective planning, communication, and coordination between the centralized health policy makers and health managers working at primary health care facilities to ensure overall preparedness during public health emergencies.
Evaluation of Electronic Mental Health Implementation in Northern Territory Services Using the Integrated “Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services” Framework: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Raphiphatthana Buaphrao , Sweet Michelle , Puszka Stefanie , Whitty Megan , Dingwall Kylie , Nagel Tricia
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Electronic mental health is a promising strategy to bridge the treatment gap in mental health care. Training workshops have been delivered to service providers working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people at a primary health care level to raise awareness and knowledge of electronic mental health approaches.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to understand service providers’ perspectives and experiences of electronic mental health adoption. More specifically, it aimed to use the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework to further identify and understand how different factors facilitate or impede electronic mental health uptake within primary health care settings providing services to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

METHODS

Qualitative interviews were conducted with 57 service providers working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, who had
undergone electronic mental health training workshops.

RESULTS

Several factors related to innovation (electronic mental health approach), recipients (service providers as an individual and as a team), and context (local, organizational, and external contexts) were found to influence electronic mental health uptake. Particularly, organizational readiness, in terms of information technology resources and infrastructure, policies, workforce and culture, and processes to mandate electronic mental health use, were found to be significant impediments to electronic mental health utilization. These findings led to the development of a three-phase implementation strategy that aims to enhance electronic mental health adoption by addressing organizational readiness before and post electronic mental health training.

CONCLUSIONS

The i-PARIHS provides a useful determinant framework that deepens our understanding of how different factors impede or facilitate electronic mental health adoption in this setting. This insight was used to develop a practical and comprehensive implementation strategy to enhance the utilization of electronic mental health approaches within primary health care settings, involving three phases: pretraining consultations, training workshops, and post-training follow-up support.
Systematic and Statistical Review of COVID19 Treatment Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Siordia Juan Arturo , Bernaba Michael , Yoshino Kenji , Ulhaque Abid , Kumar Sooraj , Bernaba Mario , Bergin Edward
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic produced multiple trials trying to promote certain treatments. However, the amount of studies having human controlled or randomized trials is scarce despite being important.

OBJECTIVE

The following systematic review and meta-analysis compiles the current data regarding human controlled COVID-19 treatment trials.

METHODS

An electronic search of the literature compiled studies pertaining to human controlled treatment trials with COVID-19. Medications assessed included lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, favipiravir, and heparin. Statistical analyzes were performed for common viral clearance endpoints whenever possible.

RESULTS

Lopinavir/ritonavir showed no significant effect on viral clearance for COVID-19 cases (OR 0.95 [95% CI 0.50-1.83]). Hydroxychloroquine also showed no significant effect on COVID-19 viral clearance rates (OR 2.16 [95% CI 0.80-5.84]). Arbidol showed no seven-day (OR 1.63 [95% CI 0.76-3.50]) or 14-day viral (OR 5.37 [95% CI 0.35-83.30]) clearance difference compared to lopinavir/ritonavir. Review of literature showed no significant clinical improvement with lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, or remdesivir. Favipiravir showed quicker symptom improvement compared to lopinavir/ritonavir and arbidol. Heparin showed improvement with severe COVID-19 cases.

CONCLUSIONS

Current medications do not show significant effect on COVID-19 viral clearance rates. Favipiravir shows favorable results compared to other tested medications. Heparin shows benefit for severe cases of COVID-19.
From Ohio to Hong Kong: Fostering Dynamic Learning Communities Through the Building of International Partnerships
Authors: , PhD Tiffany Boury
Published: May 2020

In 2017, Franciscan OFM friars from the Diocese of Hong Kong proposed the development of an international classroom exchange between Franciscan University graduates and their Kowloon, Hong Kong parish schools. This study defines the creation, cultural issues experienced, and program curriculum proposal during the building phase of this international program. The researcher proposes the use of O’Shea’s (2014) mission and identity framework as a lens for best practices, faith formation and defined social cohesion for all participants and significant impact.
Elementos educativos en las unidades didácticas en la UNED, Costa Rica, 2017 y 2018: frecuencia de uso y posibilidades de mejora
Authors: Andrés Jiménez Carmen , Anchetta Meza Gloriana
Published: May 2020

Introducción: La producción de libros de texto en la Universidad de Distancia de Costa Rica debe usar una serie de elementos necesarios para la educación a distancia. Objetivo: identificar los elementos educativos más importantes utilizados por los editores. Métodos: Utilizamos un cuestionario y un grupo focal con los editores para identificar la frecuencia de cada elemento en 24 libros de texto. Resultados: Más del 90% de las unidades didácticas contienen: gráficos o diagramas, cuadros, definiciones, casos prácticos, discurso didáctico, "atracciones", ejemplos y signos. Entre el 70 y el 90% usan: imágenes, llamadas de atención, secuencia lógica y preguntas insertadas. Menos del 70% usa anécdotas, establecimiento de puntos contrarios, humanización del texto, resúmenes, cronogramas y metáforas. Conclusiones: Si bien se utilizan la mayoría de los elementos recomendados, hay margen para mejorar la variedad y la adaptación de los elementos de aprendizaje utilizados en estos libros de texto.
La responsabilidad social empresarial. Revisión para el sector solidario
Authors: Bayona-Soto José Andrés , Navarro-Claro Genny Torcoroma , Suárez-Castrillón Sir Alexci
Published: May 2020

El sector solidario, economía social o economía solidaria, se caracteriza por emprendimientos de iniciativa social que desde su esencia de trabajo, están alineados con los postulados de la responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE). La intención de éste artículo es presentar los resultados de la revisión del tema de la responsabilidad social empresarial en el sector solidario. El documento se divide en tres partes realizando un abordaje teórico, conceptual y analítico. En la primera parte se demuestran postulados teóricos relacionados con la premisa de los principios de la economía solidaria como fundamento de la responsabilidad social empresarial en organizaciones del sector solidario. En la segunda parte se realiza un compendio teórico y analítico demostrando la concepción de los gobiernos corporativos como sistema de dirección y control para el aseguramiento de prácticas adecuadas de responsabilidad social en dichas organizaciones. Por último se realiza un acercamiento teórico, conceptual y analítico hacia la sostenibilidad y desarrollo sostenible como un direccionamiento estratégico que es apoyado por la responsabilidad social empresarial en las organizaciones del sector solidario. Para finalizar se expresarán algunas conclusiones particulares acerca del tema.
La gamificación y arquitectura funcional: estrategia práctica en el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje usando la tecnología
Authors: Hernandez Rojas Leydi Liliana , Suárez Castrillón Sir Alexci , Rico Bautista Dewar
Published: May 2020

Las Instituciones educativas actualmente no aplican una metodología que permita aprender de forma didáctica y creativa los temas en las aulas de clase, de lo cual el proceso de enseñanza se torna monótono y los estudiantes se desmotivan a la hora de aprender, llegando a la conclusión que los jóvenes no aprenden lo necesario y por lo tanto la indiferencia de los maestros por su débil formación didáctica y pedagógica hacen que haya deserción escolar. En este artículo se muestra la implementación de la Gamificación como metodología lúdica para llevar a cabo el proceso de enseñanza /aprendizaje en el uso de la tecnología. Esta metodología aprovecha todos los recursos posibles, combina tecnología, juego educativo y estrategias de refuerzo positivo, con el fin de motivar a los estudiantes en el aprendizaje.
Systematic profiling of ATP response to acquired drug-resistant EGFR family kinase mutations
Authors: Zhang Dingwa , He Deyong , Pan Xiaoliang , Liu Lijun
Published: May 2020

Kinase-targeted cancer therapy (KTCT) with ATP-competitive inhibitors has been widely applied in clinics. However, a number of kinase missense mutations were observed to confer acquired drug resistance during therapy, largely limiting the clinical application of kinase inhibitors in KTCT. Instead of directly influencing inhibitor binding, kinase mutations can also cause generic resistance to ATP-competitive inhibitors by increasing ATP affinity. Herein, the intermolecular interaction of the ATP molecule with clinically observed drug-resistant EGFR family kinase mutations involved in human cancer are systematically characterize. Rigorous quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculation and empirical Poisson?Boltzmann/surface area (PB/SA) analysis as well as in vitro kinase assay and surface plasmon resonance analysis were integrated to explore the binding capability of ATP to mutant residues in the structural context of the kinase domain, which resulted in a comprehensive profile of ATP response to acquired drug-resistant mutations of four EGFR family kinases (EGFR/ErbB1, ErbB2, ErbB3 and ErbB4). From the profile, it was possible to identify those potent mutations that may influence ATP binding significantly; such mutations are potential candidates to cause generic resistance for ATP-competitive inhibitors. Consequently, the well documented generic drug-resistant mutation EGFR T790M and its counterpart ErbB2 T798M are found to increase ATP affinity by establishing an additional S?? interaction between the side-chain thioether group of the mutant Met residue and the aromatic adenine moiety of the ATP molecule, while EGFR D761Y is identified as a new generic drug-resistant mutation that can increase ATP affinity by eliminating unfavorable electrostatic repulsion. In contrast, ErbB2 K753E and T768I are considered to be two generic drug-sensitive mutations that can decrease ATP affinity by unfavorable charge reversal and by impairing favorable polar interaction, respectively. In addition, the EGFR L858R mutation is located at the kinase activation loop and nearby the kinase active site, thus largely complicating the multiply dependent relationship of kinase, ATP and inhibitor, which therefore exhibits divergent effects on different tested inhibitors.
The impact of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease on life expectancy and direct medical cost in a 10-year diabetes cohort study
Authors: Wan Eric Yuk Fai , Chin Weng Yee , Yu Esther Yee Tak , Wong Ian Chi Kei , Chan Esther Wai Yin , LI Shirley Xue. , Cheung Nico Kwan Lok , Wang Yuen , Lam Cindy Lo Kuen
Published: May 2020

Objective

The
relative effects of various cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and varying severity
of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on mortality risk, direct medical cost and life
expectancy in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are unclear. The aim of this
study was to evaluate these associations.

Research Design
and Methods

This
was a retrospective cohort study that included 208,792 adults with diabetes
stratified into 12 disease status groups with varying combinations of heart
disease, stroke, moderate CKD (eGFR:30-59ml/min/1.73m2)
and severe CKD
(eGFR: <30ml/min/1.73m2) in 2008-2010. The
effect of risk mortality, annual direct medical costs and life expectancy were
assessed using Cox regression, Gamma generalized
linear with log link function, and flexible parametric survival models.

Results

Over a median follow-up of 8.5 years (1.6 million
patient-years), 50,154 deaths were recorded. Mortality risks for patients with only
a single condition among heart disease, stroke and moderate CKD were similar. The mortality risks were 1.75 times, 2.63 times and 3.58 times greater
for patients with one, two and all three conditions (consisting of stroke,
heart disease and moderate CKD), compared with patients without these diseases,
suggesting an independent and individually additive effect for any combination. A
similar trend was observed in annual public healthcare costs with
2.91, 3.90 and 3.88 fold increased costs for patients
with one, two and three conditions, respectively. Increases in the number of
conditions reduced life expectancy greatly, particularly in younger patients. Reduction in life expectancy for a 40-year-old with one, two and three
conditions were 20, 25, 30 years for men and 25, 30, 35 years for women. A
similar trend of greater magnitude was observed for severe CKD.

Conclusion

The
effect of heart diseases, stroke, CKD and the combination of these conditions
on all-cause mortality and direct medical costs are independent and cumulative.
CKD, especially severe CKD, appears to have a particularly significant impact
on life expectancy and direct medical costs in patients with diabetes. These
finding supports the importance of preventing both CVD
and CKD in patients with DM.
Depresión en hemodiálisis. Estudio realizado en la clínica de diálisis INRIDI “San martín”, junio - julio 2015
Authors: Álvaraez Sagubay Douglas José , Serrano Figueroa Luis , Trujillo Macas Johana
Published: May 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la existencia de depresión en pacientes con hemodiálisis en la clínica de diálisis “INRIDI” San Martín, período junio a julio de 2015. Se valoraron 43 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión; como instrumentos se utilizaron: escala de Montgomery, escala de Zung y Code. De los evaluados, 25(51.8%) pertenecían al sexo masculino; la edad media era de 55 años (rango: 42-68). Del total estudiado, 32(74,4%) pacientes eran diabéticos y 27(62,7%) hipertensos. El 65,1% (28 pacientes) eran afiliados al seguro social y el resto pertenecían al Ministerio de Salud Pública. El 50% presentaba índice de Bathel moderado, y 15% grave. La relación entre tiempo de diálisis y el grado de depresión resultó no significativa (p<0,532); y al evaluar la relación entre el grado de depresión y el sexo, la prueba de independencia resultó significativa (p<0,03), por lo cual existe relación entre el grado de depresión y el sexo. La relación entre grado de depresión, sexo y tiempo de diálisis resultó significativa (p<0,003) en el sexo femenino; indicando mayor grado de depresión en el caso de las mujeres en todos los tiempos evaluados. El grado de depresión fue mayor en los pacientes sin pareja sentimental.
Deterioro cognitivo en pacientes con hemodiálisis.
Authors: Álvaraez Sagubay Douglas José , Trujillo Macas Johana , Paredes Celleri Walter
Published: May 2020

Introducción: el deterioro cognitivo es una complicación de la insuficiencia renal que se acentúa en hemodiálisis (enfermedad renal crónica, terminal, hemodiálisis), cuya prevalencia es subestimada. Metodología: estudio transversal, descriptivo y observacional, en la sala de observación del hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, en periodo de enero a junio de 2015; se evaluaron 60 pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica, terminal, hemodiálisis, para determinar la presencia de deterioro cognitivo. En todos los casos se respetó la declaración de Helsinki y se cumplieron criterios de ingreso y exclusión. Para su análisis se utilizó el programa estadístico Statistics Problem Solveranálisis, aplicando X2, con un valor de p < 0.005. Resultados: 20 pacientes sin deterioro, 25 con deterioro cognitivo, 8 pacientes con demencia leve, 6 pacientes con demencia moderada, 1 paciente con demencia severa. Conclusión: se demostro asociación entre deterioro cognitivo y enfermedad renal crónica, terminal, hemodiálisis, la cual se acentuaba en pacientes con antecedentes de diabetes mellitus.
O aumento do uso de tecnologia no agronegócio: uma análise sob a ótica da proteção de dados
Authors: Ejnisman Marcela Waksman , Battilana Carla do Couto Hellu , Andrade Tulio Belem de
Published: May 2020

O setor do Agronegócio – que compreende as atividades primárias realizadasnos estabelecimentos rurais, as atividades de transformação e as atividades de distribuição de produtos – historicamente sempre demonstrou ser um dos pilares da economia brasileira, e não raramente é responsável direto pelo crescimento do Produto Interno Bruto (pib) do país. O crescimento da produtividade do setor está diretamente atrelado ao aumento de investimentos diretos e indiretos em tecnologia, tanto em tecnologias de sementes e monitoramento de solo quanto em soluções de inteligência e de predições.Este contexto traz consigo uma preocupação necessária referente à produção massiva de dados decorrentes do emprego dessas soluções tecnológicas versus os limites de utilização de tais dados, especialmente tendo em vista o movimento mundial de edição de leis de proteção de dados pessoais. A partir da análise destas inovações tecnológicas agrícolas e de estudos estatísticos, quantitativos e qualitativos relacionados a este rico ecossistema, este artigo tem o intuito de analisar as relações jurídicas decorrentes do emprego de tecnologia no setor do agronegócio e promover discussões sobre a titularidade dos dadosrelacionados a estas atividades, sejam eles pessoais ou negociais, os limites de sua utilização e as possibilidades de proteção desses dados em benefício dos empresários rurais.Palavras-chave: Agronegócio. Tecnologia. Proteção de Dados. Big Data. Agritechs.