bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Функциональный анализ орудий труда поселения Акбауыр 1 (Казахский Алтай)
Authors: Ержанова Альбина Ергешбаевна
Published: September 2023

В процессе изучения поселения раннего железного века Акбауыр 1 получен разнообразный материал, в том числе каменные орудия труда, анализ которых позволяет получить представление о трудовых навыках древних обитателей. Проведённый анализ позволяет предположить принадлежность орудий к различным технологическим операциям и, соответственно, к тем или иным занятиям населения Казахского Алтая в раннем железном веке. Определены, в частности, инструменты, служившие для вскрытия и измельчения горных пород (мотыги, клиновидные кайла, молоты, песты), обработки металлов (литейная форма, молотки, наковальни, абразивы, гладилки, оселки), обработки шкур и кож (скребок, резак), лепки и отделки сосудов (диски-подставки, лощила), земляных работ (мотыги, мотыжки) и растирания зерна (зернотёрка). Каменные орудия и приспособления по их численности близки металлическим и костяным инструментам. Для изготовления орудий использовалось местное сырьё. Вывод: на поселении Акбауыр 1 практиковались следующие специализированные ремёсла, хозяйственные и бытовые занятия: полный цикл металлопроизводства (от добычи руды до литья и ковки), шорное дело, гончарство, а также, возможно, земледелие.
Synthesis and applications of double metal MXenes: A review
Authors: Akhoondi Asieh , Ebrahimi Nejad Mitra , Yusuf Mohammad , Aminabhavi Tejraj M. , Batoo Khalid Mujasam , Rtimi Sami
Published: September 2023

MXenes are known as a new type of two-dimensional layered materials that are composed of carbide, nitride, or carbonitride of transition metals. In the recent discovery of a new class of MXenes, two transition metals occupy the metal site, called double transition metal MXenes (DTM). These multilayer composites are of interest due to their attractive features such as high ion transport, extensive surface area, and biocompatibility. Some computational methods are used to predict the properties and performance of bimetallic carbonitrides. The most important feature of this category of materials is the stability and amount of formation energy, which directly affects the choice of material in various applications. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are very beneficial to estimate the thermodynamic stability of DTM MXenes. Of course, proper surface modification with stable terminals is needed to overcome the limitations of DTM MXenes. In this review, the electrochemical, metallic, and magnetic properties of DTM MXene have been presented first. In the following, preparation methods are summarized according to the latest published findings. Then, various applications including hydrogen evolution reactions, anode materials in lithium and sodium batteries, nanomagnetic materials, and special applications have been investigated. Finally, more challenges, prospects, and suggestions for the development of two-dimensional DTM MXenes have been presented.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients treated with intravitreal injections - daily practice or ad hoc action?
Authors: Figurska Małgorzata
Published: September 2023

Iniekcje leków do ciała szklistego są jednymi z najczęstszych zabiegowych procedur okulistycznych w codziennej praktyce klinicznej. Do ciała szklistego podaje się przede wszystkim leki blokujące czynniki wzrostu śródbłonka naczyń. Iniekcje doszklistkowe wykonuje się w znieczuleniu miejscowym kroplowym, ale nie wszystkim chorym zapewnia ono wystarczającą analgezję. Dlatego okuliści sięgają po inne leki o działaniu przeciwbólowym, takie jak niesteroidowe leki przeciwzapalne. Dodatkowo zapalenie stanowi wspólny element patogenezy szeregu chorób plamki leczonych iniekcjami doszklistkowymi, np. wysiękowe zwyrodnienie plamki związane z wiekiem.
W artykule przedstawiono mechanizm działania niesteroidowych leków przeciwzapalnych oraz wskazania okulistyczne do ich zastosowania. Opisano wpływ tej grupy leków na zmniejszenie dolegliwości bólowych, które towarzysząc iniekcjom doszklistkowym. Przedstawiono korzystny wpływ terapii złożonej z miejscowymi niesteroidowymi lekami przeciwzapalnymi na częstotliwość podań leków blokujących czynniki wzrostu śródbłonka naczyń i morfologię siatkówki u chorych na wysiękowe zwyrodnienie plamki związane z wiekiem.
Wnioski. Należy rozważyć niesteroidowe leki przeciwzapalne jako terapię uzupełniającą do doszklistkowych iniekcji preparatów o działaniu blokującym czynniki wzrostu. Ponadto działanie przeciwbólowe niesteroidowych leków przeciwzapalnych uzasadnia ich użycie w codziennej praktyce klinicznej w okresie okołoiniekcyjnym, zwłaszcza u osób odczuwających nasilone dolegliwości bólowe w związku z powtarzalnymi zabiegami.
Assessment of the relationship between sensitization to specific allergens and the presence of micturition disorders in children
Authors: Rakowska-Silska Magda Paula , Jobs Katarzyna , Lipińska- Opałka Agnieszka , Zieniuk Krystyna , Rustecka Agnieszka , Kalicki Bolesław
Published: September 2023

Niejednokrotnie w populacji pediatrycznej obserwowano związek ekspozycji na alergeny z nasileniem zaburzeń w oddawaniu moczu. Pierwsze takie obserwacje udokumentowano w latach 30. XX wieku. Stwierdzono, że wyeliminowanie alergenu ze środowiska pacjenta, ogranicza nie tylko objawy alergiczne ze strony górnych dróg oddechowych, ale także ze strony układu moczowego.
Do badania włączono 40 dzieci z potwierdzoną reakcją nadwrażliwości w mechanizmie IgE zależnym. Następnie dokonano przydziału pacjentów do dwóch grup z zaburzeniami w oddawaniu moczu oraz bez zaburzeń w oddawaniu moczu. U wszystkich pacjentów oznaczano stężenie IgE całkowitych, IgE swoistych w panelu wziewnym i pokarmowym oraz wykonano punktowe testy skórne. Nie stwierdzono istotnej statystycznie różnicy w stężeniu IgE całkowitych pomiędzy grupami pacjentów z atopią i zaburzeniami mikcji oraz bez zaburzeń mikcji. Nie stwierdzono także różnicy w liczbie alergenów, w kierunku których uzyskano podwyższone stężenie IgE swoistych pomiędzy badanymi grupami pacjentów, zarówno w panelu wziewnym (p = 0,5), jak i w pokarmowym (p = 0,45), a także w punktowych testach skórnych. Nie zaobserwowano różnicy, porównując liczbę pacjentów, u których uzyskano wynik dodani IgE swoistych w kierunku poszczególnych alergenów w obu
grupach. Nie zaobserwowano także istotnych różnic, porównując wyniki IgE w klasie ≥ 3 oraz w klasie ≥ 5 swoistych dla poszczególnych alergenów. Nie stwierdzono, aby nasilona reakcja nadwrażliwości na dowolny alergen w klasie ≥ 3 i w klasie ≥ 5 predysponowała do wystąpienia zaburzeń mikcji u dzieci. Podsumowując wyniki, nie wykazano związku zaburzeń mikcji z alergią na poszczególne alergeny. Na podstawie powyższych danych stwierdzono, iż stopień nasilenia polisensytyzacji nie wpływa na występowanie zaburzeń mikcji u dzieci.
Mathematical dynamics for HIV infections with public awareness and viral load detectability
Authors: MUSTAPHA Umar Tasiu , ADO Abdurrahman , YUSUF Abdullahi , QURESHİ Sania , MUSA Salihu Sabiu
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we develop a nonlinear deterministic model that incorporates public awareness and treatment to describe the dynamics of HIV/AIDS in an infected population with detectable and undetectable viral load. The model undergoes backward bifurcation in which a stable disease-free equilibrium coexists with a stable endemic equilibrium. Numerical simulations carried out show the behavior of the state variables and the impact of public awareness in controlling the spread of HIV. The results show that public awareness will help in curtailing the spread of HIV infection, and when treatment is applied to infected individuals with detectable viral load can easily suppress their virus to become undetectable so that they cannot transmit HIV through sexual intercourse.
ÖZGÜRLÜK ARAYIŞLARI
Authors: YAVAŞÇA Kerem
Published: September 2023

Murray N. Rothbard 20. yüzyılda liberteryen düşüncenin önde gelen ve en etkili düşünürlerinden biridir. Ne var ki, uluslararası akademik çevrelerdeki ününe rağmen Türkiye’de çok bilinen bir yazar değildir. Eserlerinin çok azı Türkçeye çevrilmiştir. Şeyma Doğan tarafından Türkçeleştirilerek Liber Plus yayınları tarafından 2016’da yayımlanan Özgürlük Arayışları isimli kitabı ise yazarın tanınmasını sağlayan görüşlerinin felsefi arka planını oldukça açık biçimde ortaya koyması bakımından dikkate şayan bir eserdir. Bunun yanı sıra, eserin ele aldığı konular açısından üç farklı yönü kitabın incelenmesini önemli kılmaktadır. İlk olarak, yazarın Soğuk Savaş yıllarında Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) ve Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birliği (SSCB) arasında yaşanan -özellikle nükleer enerji alanındaki bilimsel rekabete- getirdiği orijinal bakış açısı kitabın literatürdeki yerini değerli kılmaktadır. İkinci olarak, yazarın liberteryenizm kavramını tarihî ve siyasî olaylar çerçevesinde detaylı analiz etmesi kitabın bir diğer önemli özelliği olarak sayılabilir. Üçüncü olarak ise ABD’nin tarihsel süreçte siyasî ve ekonomik gelişimini liberteryen bir bakış açısıyla detaylı inceleme girişimi kitabı özgün kılan bir diğer önemli noktadır.
Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Hizmetlerinin Geliştirilmesinde İnovasyonun Rolü
Authors: Çarıkçı Fatma , Aykanat Girgin Burcu , Gözen Duygu
Published: September 2023

Yenidoğan yoğun bakım hemşireliği, doğum sonrası özel bakım ihtiyacı olan yenidoğanların sağlık durumlarının tanılanması, tedavi edilmesi, izlenmesi ve bakım ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması için bilimsel bilgi ve beceriye dayanan bir uzmanlık alanıdır. Bu alanda çalışan hemşireler, bilimsel bilginin ve sağlık bakım uygulamalarının sürekli güncellendiği ve yenilendiği bir çalışma faaliyeti içindedir. Bu nedenle, yeni veya geliştirilmiş fikirlerin, süreçlerin, ürünlerin veya hizmetlerin hemşirelik hizmetlerine entegre edilmesi anlamına gelen inovasyon, bu alanda çalışan hemşireler için önemli bir yetkinlik ve sorumluluktur. İnovasyon, hemşirelik hizmetlerinin verimliliğini, kalitesini ve maliyet-etkinliğini artırmak için gerekli bir süreçtir. Ayrıca inovasyon, hemşirelik mesleğinin gelişimine, araştırmaya, liderliğe ve iş birliğine katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu derlemede, yenidoğan yoğun bakım hemşireliğinde inovasyonun gerekliliği ve önemi vurgulanmakta, dünyada ve ülkemizde yenidoğan yoğun bakım alanında gerçekleştirilen inovatif ürünlere değinilmektedir.
ANALISIS REALISASI BIAYA OPERASIONAL PENGUPASAN COAL GETTING KHUSUS ALAT UTAMA PENAMBANGAN DI PT DUTA ALAM SUMATERA SITE PT XYZ KABUPATEN LAHAT PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: M. Ikbal Aziz  , Lina Rianti  , Tia Oktarina
Published: September 2023

Mining activities will definitely require calculation in mining cost. Operational cost can effect the company’s revenue, so an analysis of operational costs is necessary. This study aimed to calculate the estimated production and actual production of coal getting in March 2023 and to calculate the operational costs of estimated production and actual production of coal getting in March 2023. The analysis process was carried out by determining the estimation and realization of coal getting production where the estimated production of coal getting was 35000 tons with 1 unit of digging equipment and 5 units of hauling equipment with operational costs for coal getting production incluiding the realization of diesel fuel of Rp76,926,810.00, oil of Rp500,000.00, operator salary of Rp5,400,000.00, repair/maintenance of Rp42,980,000.00, grease of Rp239,267.00, and Liugong Excavator filter of Rp300,000.00. those were lower than the estimated costs of diesel fuel of Rp103,647,600.00, oil of Rp4,000,000.00, operator salary of Rp10,800,000.00, repair/maintenance of Rp76,680,000.00, grease pf Rp3,800,000.00, and filters of Rp2,100,000.00. whereas for the Dongfeng Dump Truck, the actual costs of diesel was Rp25,000,000.00, oil cost was Rp360,000.00, operator salary cost was Rp25,000,000.00, spare parts cost was Rp270,000.00, grease cost was Rp656,355.00, filter cost was Rp300,000.00, and tires cost was Rp705,000.00 which were lower than the estimated cost of diesel fuel of Rp483,688,800.00, oil of Rp4,000,000.00, operator salary of Rp50,000,000.00, repair/maintenance of Rp76,680,000.00, grease of Rp3,800,000.00, filters of Rp2,100,000.00 and tires of Rp18,350,000.00. thus, the estmated operational cost was Rp777,589,300.00 and the realization was IDR 282,819,689.00.
Propaganda Pemberitaan Jokowi pada Pemilu 2014 di Majalah Tempo dalam Perspektif Ideologies And Power
Authors: Marini Marini , Amallah Nurlaillah Sari , Bakti Andi M. Faisal , Sanjaya Makroen
Published: September 2023

Tempo magazine is one of the media that is in the line of 'loving' Jokowi. Tempo Magazine doubled Jokowi in the 2014 election as a modest man and a hobby of blusukan. This is based on the total duration, frequency, and tendency of the object of the news to Jokowi. Jokowi's image, which was initially positive, especially during the 2014 presidential election campaign, immediately changed after Jokowi became president in the news of Tempo Magazine. This was proven by Tempo Magazine supporting Jokowi during the 2014 presidential election because it was based on his ideology that Prabowo Subianto was a human rights criminal. In the 5-11 August 2013 edition of Tempo Magazine, they gave the title “Suddenly Jokowi” with a picture of Jokowi singing in pause. This tendency is a form of the failure of Tempo Magazine to become a balanced media. Tempo magazine chose issues, used angles, and published 11 out of 20 total Main Reports using the glittering generalities propaganda technique. The theory used is from Branston and Stafford (2003: 117-133) namely marxist approaches, post-marxism and critical pluralism, and discourses and lived culture. The relevant concepts are mukhtalif, kabilah, dan al-hadarah. Tempo Magazine's reporting sparked polarization, as seen from the concentration in political currents and ideology. The existence of this news as a political message that is more effective in raising issues to the public.
Penggunaan Kaedah Dakwah Mau'izah al-Hasanah Terhadap Masyarakat Hijrah Gay, Biseksual dan Transgender (GBT): Tinjauan Awal
Authors: AMAT MISRA MUSTAFA KAMAL
Published: September 2023

The success of a da'wah delivery sometimes results from various delivery methods that cannot be ignored such as al-hikmah, mau'izah hasanah, mujadalah al-husna, and qudwah al-hasana. Sayyid Qutb said the method of Mau'izah al-Hasanah is a method that applies a gentle way, delving into feelings sincerely without scolding, reproaches and insults. In fact, it can be said to be a gentle speech so that the listener is drawn to accept it. In the context of the gay migration community, they are men who have sexual tendencies only with men, while bisexuals are men who have sexual tendencies towards men who are also women, and transgenders are men who resemble women or also termed as mak nyah community. Their condition is recognized as a hijrah community by an authoritative body, usually they are determined with resignation and humility to improve themselves to a better life and leave their past life of immorality, the appropriate preaching method to be used is guidance and advice. Therefore, this study is descriptive in nature with a preliminary review of the appropriateness of using the method of preaching mau'izah al-hasanah in guiding the community.
Percutaneous balloon compression for trigeminal neuralgia due to the primitive trigeminal artery: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Cheng Runqi , Wang Tiansheng , Chai Songshan , Yang Bo , Xiong Nanxiang
Published: September 2023

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is often caused by vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve cisternal segment. TN due to the primitive trigeminal artery formed by developmental variants of cerebral vessels is rare. We report here a 59-year-old male with TN whose preoperative MRI showed a primitive trigeminal artery that compressed the trigeminal nerve, and microvascular decompression (MVD) was performed to separate the vessel from the trigeminal nerve cisternal segment. The pain was relieved after MVD, but it recurred two months later. MRI reexamination showed that although MVD relieved the vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve cisternal segment, the nerve in the Meckel’s cave was still compressed by PTA, which was thought to be the cause of TN recurrence. Due to the limitations of the surgical microscope view, completing the vascular decompression at the Meckel’s cave is challenging. So percutaneous balloon compression was performed. After the procedure, the TN subsided. The patient remained pain free at one year follow-up. To our knowledge, this is the first case of primitive trigeminal artery-associated TN treated by percutaneous balloon compression. This case suggests that percutaneous balloon compression may be considered for TN caused by compression of the primitive trigeminal artery when MVD is difficult to perform.
Comparison of treatment durations before Covid-19 pandemic, pre- and post-vaccination periods in acute ischemic stroke patients in a Turkish tertiary hospital
Authors: Gozde Baran  , Ezgi Vural  , Sema Nur Erdem  , Secil Irmak  , Sena Zeynep Cetin  , Midi Ipek
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study aimed to compare the frequency of admission to hospital in patients with acute ischemic stroke before the COVID 19 pandemic, during the pre-vaccination period, and after the start of vaccination for COVID 19, and to evaluate the time window period between symptom onset to door time, door to CT scan time, door to needle time, and door to puncture time. In addition, it aimed to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the admission, evaluation, and initiation of acute treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Methods: Patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke between March 2019 - December 2019 (pre-pandemic), March 2020 - December 2020 (pre- vaccination pandemic period), and March 2021 - December 2021 (post-vaccination pandemic period) were included in the study. NIHSS was calculated by accordance with the neurological examination findings of the patients, cranial CT for the exclusion of bleeding and CT angiography images for the large vessel occlusions were performed, and the vital signs of the patients were recorded. IV tPA treatment was applied within the first 4.5 hours, and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) was performed in patients with large vessel occlusion.
Results: Three hundred nineteen patients were included in the study. The times from symptom onset to emergency admission and from symptom onset to CT scan were found to be similar in all periods. The time from symptom onset to examine by a neurologist was found to be significantly longer in the vaccination period compared to the pandemic period. It was observed that the time from the door to needle time and the time from examine by a neurology doctor to needle time was statistically significantly shorter during the pandemic period (p<0.05).
Conclusion: In our study in a tertiary hospital in Turkey, it was determined that the number of patients who was admitted with acute stroke clinic during the pandemic period was similar to other years and there was no delay in the initiation of treatment during the pandemic period. Door to needle times, as well as the time taken by the neurologist to examine and initiate IV-tPA treatment, were found to be shorter in the pre-vaccination pandemic period than in the pre-pandemic and post-vaccination periods.
A rare lentiform fork sign in a patient with methanol intoxication with neurological sequelae of parkinsonism and cognitive dysfunction: A case report and literature review
Authors: Huang Bo-Xuan , Lin Chin-Hsien
Published: September 2023

Methanol intoxication is rare in developed countries. Early identification and elimination of the methanol metabolites are vital to an optimal prognosis. A characteristic brain imaging finding is bilateral basal ganglia necrosis and subcortical white matter changes. Here, we report a rare neuroradiological feature called the lentiform fork sign in a patient with methanol intoxication who survived the acute poisoning stage. We report a 31-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with acute-onset incoherent speech, consciousness disturbance, and a high-anion-gap metabolic acidosis caused by methanol intoxication. She was treated with antidote administration of fomepizole and enhanced methanol elimination through hemodialysis. Neurological sequelae of cognitive decline and parkinsonism developed, with preserved vision. Brain MRI showed bilateral putaminal necrosis and subcortical white matter changes. The apparent diffusion coefficient map showed low signal intensities in the putamen and globus pallidus bilaterally, with brightly hyperintense rims surrounding both putamina that resembled a fork, indicating a lentiform fork sign. She then had sequelae of cognitive decline and delayed parkinsonism feature, which are compatible with the brain lesions on neuroimage studies. Methanol poisoning is an uncommon life-threatening event, and neurological sequelae result from the accumulation of formic acid, a methanol metabolite that inhibits cytochrome c oxidase in mitochondria, leading to neuronal injury. Methanol intoxication should be considered in patients with imaging findings of bilateral basal ganglia necrosis with lentiform fork sign and a metabolic acidosis of unknown origin.
Partial Onyx embolization triggers spontaneous regression of cerebral AVM: A case report
Authors: Ma Yihui , Li Zejin , Zhang Tingbao , Feng Yu , Zhao Wenyuan
Published: September 2023

Spontaneous regression of a cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is a rare and poorly understood phenomenon. We present a case of unruptured cerebral AVM in a patient presenting with intermittent headache. In order to reduce hemorrhagic risk, the patient underwent partial embolization of the AVM with Onyx glue. Follow-up digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed complete obliteration of the residual AVM three months after the treatment. In conclusion, partial Onyx embolization of cerebral AVM may be an etiological factor of spontaneous regression. In order to reduce hemorrhagic risk, targeted partial embolization of the AVM may be an alternative treatment for some cases.
Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja dan Semangat Kerja Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan pada Bank Syariah Indonesia (Studi Pada Bank Syariah Indonesia Kota Pasuruan)
Authors: Ardhiyati Niken , Diwanti Dyah Pikanthi
Published: September 2023

The study aimed at determining and testing the effect of work discipline on productivity, the effect of work enthusiasm on productivity, and how both work discipline and enthusiasm affect employeesâ€™ productivity at Bank Syariah Indonesia, Pasuruan. This study used a quantitative approach. The primary data used was a questionnaire with a total sample of 44 respondents. The sampling technique was non-probability sampling with a saturated census method. The data analysis included descriptive statistics, double regression analysis, correlation coefficient (R), determination coefficient (R2), f-test (simultaneous), and t-test (partial) with the help of the SPSS 21.0 for Windows program. The results of the study showed that; work discipline had a positive and significant partial effect on employee productivity with a t-value of 2.536 < 2.018 and Sig. of 0015 < 005; work enthusiasm had a positive and significant partial effect on employee productivity with a t-value of 4.586 < 2.018 and Sig. of 0.000 < 0.05; the value of the correlation coefficient of the work discipline and enthusiasm variables was 50.7% with the r2 value of 0.507 on employee work productivity at Bank Syariah Indonesia, Pasuruan which was proven to be in a strong category.
Comparison of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Success Rates Between Ultrasound Targeting and X-ray Targeting
Authors: KESKİN Sarp , KESER Ferhat
Published: September 2023

Objective: This retrospective study aims to compare the success rates of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) using
ultrasound (US) targeting versus X-ray targeting.
Material and Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients who underwent SWL for
urinary tract stones between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020. The patients were divided into two
groups based on the imaging modality used for stone targeting during SWL: the US group and the X-ray
group. The success rates of SWL, defined as complete stone clearance or clinically insignificant residual
fragments (<4mm), were compared between the two groups.
Results: A total of 200 patients were included in the study, with 100 patients in each group. The demographics
and stone characteristics of the patients were similar between the two groups. The success rate of SWL in
the US group was 84%, compared to 72% in the X-ray group (p=0.041). The odds ratio for success in the US
group compared to X-ray group was 2.04 (95% confidence interval: 1.02-4.07)
Conclusion: This retrospective study suggests that SWL with US targeting may have a higher success rate
compared to X-ray targeting. US provides a safe and effective alternative for stone targeting during SWL,
avoiding the use of ionizing radiation. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and explore
the potential benefits of US guided SWL in clinical practice.
Kompleks Üst Üriner Sistem Taş Tedavisinde Robotik Cerrahinin Rolü: Tek Merkez Deneyimi
Authors: KİREMİT Murat Can , KORDAN Yakup
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı endikasyonlar ile da Vinci robotik sistem (Intuitive Surgical Incorporation, Sunnyvale,
CA) kullanılarak yapılan üst üriner sistem taş hastalığı tedavilerinin klinik sonuçlarını paylaşmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Temmuz 2016 ve Temmuz 2023 tarihleri arasında merkezimizde robotik taş cerrahisi yapılan 12
hastanın verisi retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Daha önce geçirilmiş başarısız taş cerrahisi olan hastalarda büyük ve/
veya impakte üst üriner sistem taşı olması (n=7), eş zamanlı saptanan renal kitle için parsiyel nefrektomi gerekliliği (n=4)
ve üreteropelvik bileşke (UPB) darlığına bağlı eş zamanlı pyeloplasti gerekliliği (n=1) sebebi ile robotik taş cerrahisi
planlanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 12 hastanın 7’si (%58) erkek, 5’i kadındı (%42) ve ortanca yaş 58 (IQR: 44–68) yıldı.
Preoperatif BT değerlendirmesinde taşların ortanca boyutu 38 mm (IQR: 16–53) olarak bulundu. Hastaların 7’sinde
(%58) çoklu taşlar var iken 5’inde (%42) soliter taş saptanmıştı. Hastaların 8’inde (%66,7) robotik pyelolitotomi ve/veya
nefrolitotomi uygulanırken dört hastada ise robotik üreterolitotomi uygulandı. Cerrahi esnasında hastaların 7’sinde
(%58) eş zamanlı fleksibl üreterorenoskopi ile endoskopik asistans gerekti. Ortanca ameliyat süresi ve tahmini kan kaybı
sırası ile 190 dk (IQR: 126–148) ve 50 ml (min:0, maks: 300) olarak saptandı. Eş zamanlı parsiyel nefrektomi yapılan
bir hastada hemoraji görülmesi üzerine transfüzyon ve ardından endoskopik psödoanevrizma embolizasyonu ihtiyacı
oldu. Robotik pyelolitotomi yapılan bir hastada ise kendiliğinden azalan uzamış dren aktivitesi (6 gün) görüldü. Ameliyat
sonrası yapılan tetkiklerde hastaların 11’inde (%92) tam taşsızlık sağlandığı görüldü. Rezidü taş görülen hastada ise
JJ stent çekilmesi esnasında retrograd intrarenal cerrahi (RIRC) yapılarak 8 mm boyutundaki rezidü kalkül fragmante
edilerek mutlak taşsızlık sağlandı. İlave girişim sonrası hastaların tamamında mutlak taşsızlık görüldü.
Sonuçlar: Kompleks klinik senaryolarda robotik cerrahi, tek seansta yüksek mutlak taşsızlık ve düşük komplikasyon
oranları yanında cerrahların artan robotik böbrek cerrahisi deneyimi de düşünüldüğünde büyük böbrek taşlarının
tedavisinde de alternatif olarak hastalara sunulabilir.
The Simulation Educator Needs Assessment Tool (SENAT): the development and validation of a tool for simulation onboarding and professional development
Authors: Britt Teresa , Xing Kuan , Leighton Kim
Published: September 2023

Simulation educator onboarding and longitudinal professional development is a challenge for most healthcare simulation programmes. The Simulation Educator Needs Assessment Tool (SENAT) was created for self-assessing individuals’ knowledge and perceived competency in simulation-based education.

Messick’s unified validity framework was used as a validity framework. First, this tool underwent two rounds of content validity studies following the Lawshe’s method. Participants at both rounds (

The final SENAT contained 29 items with a satisfactory content validity index for each item (>0.455). Two subscales were found with good to excellent reliability: Self-assessment of Learning Needs (

The SENAT can impact simulation quality by providing a professional development roadmap for individuals, as well as provide data needed to develop mentoring conversations. Aggregate data from groups of educators can support planning for programmatic professional development.
Comparative Assessment of Comminution Energy Equations (Models) Using Some Selected Legumes, Tubers, Cereals and Sea Food
Authors: Olosunde William A , Akpan Abasiama J , Antia Orua O
Published: September 2023

The quest to predict more precisely energy that is just enough to achieve closely any desired final particle size of food material subjected to comminution is necessary. This is to avoid energy wastage, obtain finer product size(s) that are uniform and can encourage easy mixing, dehydration/drying, etc. In this regard, some selected legumes (soybeans and beans), cereals (sorghum, millet, corn and wheat), sea food (crayfish) and tubers (cassava and yam) were subjected to comminution through the application of some major energy equations (models); as they find various applications in food industries. Four energy equations (models) namely the Kick’s, Rittinger’s and Bond’s for size reduction and the OruaAntia’s minimum energy equation for mass-size reduction were employed. The constant in each equation (model) to be applied in grinding of selected food materials was determined and used in obtaining the required specific energy of comminution needed to accomplish desired final product size(s). The corresponding grinding time expected to achieve the desired final product were computed and used in operating the grinding machine. Results revealed that the OruaAntia’s minimum energy equation for mass-size reduction operation may be applied on the selected food materials to achieve very closely any desired final average particle diameter with a percentage deviation of 1.66% followed with Rittinger’s equation having average percentage deviation of 6.88%. Technical analysis re-affirm that Kick’s equation could only achieve coarse particles as the final particle size showed average percentage deviation of 38.40%, while Bond’s equation may be limited to prediction of coarse and intermediate particles; since the final particle size average percentage deviation was 16.19%. Besides using Rittinger’s energy equation to obtain fine particles, the use of Orua Antia minimum energy equation may possibly further achieve desired finer particle size(s).
The Impact of Wage Taxes on Income-Based Gender Inequality in Turkiye
Authors: Karababa Reyhan , lmaz Hakk
Published: September 2023

This study investigates implicit gender bias in Turkey's income tax system using panel data from TURKSTAT's household budget survey from 2002 to 2013. The system primarily operates on a withholding tax basis, employing progressive tax rates and a Minimum Living Allowance to reduce payable income tax. Despite addressing the ability to pay, no concrete measures were implemented during that period to bridge the gender pay gap or enhance employment incentives. Regression models using panel data reveal bias in favor of male wage earners regarding income tax tariffs and minimum living allowances within the analyzed period.
Anti-quorum sensing effects of medicinal plants and chemical compounds: A new dimension against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Nwachukwu Kingsley , Ugbogu Ositadinma , Nwosu Ijeoma , Nwarunma Ebubechukwu
Published: September 2023

Quorum sensing (QS) is a communication mechanism utilized by microorganisms to deliberately unleash virulence factors for their survival in living or non-living hosts. Biofilm, one of virulence factors that entrenches pathogenicity is developed through this process. Accumulation of biofilm as a result of heightened quorum sensing effect results in persistent spread of diseases and in extension, antibiotic resistance. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the major causative agents of nosocomial diseases which include wound and skin infections; so many synthetic and natural remedies have been introduced to reduce or entirely eliminate the development of QS-mediated virulence factors through repression of genes that encode them at the molecular level. Therefore, the activities of medicinal plants and chemical agents as inhibitors against QS-mediated virulence factors of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus strains are discussed and compared in this review. Overall, having the knowledge of target sites of plant extracts and chemical inhibitors and their mechanisms in these pathogenic bacterial cells as discussed in the review will assist scientists and medical practitioners in decision making for better therapeutic regimen in the treatment of bacterial diseases.
Exploring pharmacovigilance: A cross-sectional study on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of postgraduate students and doctors at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Dattatraya Ankushe , Choudhari Mohamad , Patil Jayesh , S Niranjan
Published: September 2023

Background: Ensuring the safety of pharmaceutical products, including drugs, vaccines, and biologicals, is essential to safeguard public health by guaranteeing their efficacy and security. Unfortunately, medication-related errors combined with imprudent medication practices frequently lead to significant repercussions for global health-care systems.

Aims and Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate the comprehension, perspective, and conduct of postgraduate students and doctors regarding pharmacovigilance, as well as to identify barriers hindering the reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) within tertiary care hospitals associated with the Government Medical College in Jalgaon.

Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research endeavor took place within the tertiary care hospitals associated with the Government Medical College in Jalgaon. This study planned from June 2018 to March 2021 and involved registered doctors employed in tertiary care hospitals and postgraduates. Throughout this duration, a total of 220 eligible participants who met the inclusion criteria and consented to be part of the study successfully filled out and submitted the validated structured questionnaires.

Results: The results showed that the overall level of knowledge and attitude toward pharmacovigilance was good, with a mean score of 7.41 ± 1.05 out of 10 for knowledge and 4.02 ± 0.61 out of five for attitude. However, the level of practice was poor, with only 36.4% of participants reporting that they had ever reported an adverse drug reaction. The study also found that postgraduate students had a better level of knowledge and attitude toward pharmacovigilance compared to doctors.

Conclusion: The study highlights the need for increased awareness and education on pharmacovigilance among health-care professionals, particularly in terms of reporting ADRs.
Inflammatory cell responses in biliary mucosa during Opisthorchis viverrini infection: Insights into susceptibility differences among hosts
Authors: Thongrin Theerayut , Suyapoh Watcharapol , Wendo Woro , Tangkawattana Prasarn , Sukon Peerapol , Salao Kanin , Suttiprapa Sutas , Saichua Prasert , Tangkawatana Sirikachorn
Published: September 2023

Background:
Individual host susceptibility is believed to be a risk factor in the interaction between the host and the parasite. Since studying time series in humans is limited, animal models are replaced.
Aim:
This study aims to explore and compare the pattern of inflammatory cell types along the biliary tract and their association with proliferative lesions in the early development of CCA from susceptible and non-susceptible animal models.
Methods:
Thirty male Syrian golden hamsters and 30 BALB/c mice, serving as the susceptible and non-susceptible animal models, were used in this comparative study. The animals were infected with 50 O. viverrini metacercariae via gastric intubation. At days 1, 2, 7, 14, 28, and 56 post-infection (p.i.), five animals were randomly selected from each group and humanely sacrificed. The hepatobiliary tissues were collected and processed for histopathological study. Histochemical and immunohistochemical staining were applied to differentiate the inflammatory cell types. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were applied to assess all semi-quantitative and quantitative variables. The correlation between each variable was also analyzed using Spearman rank at a p-value <0.05.
Results:
The results demonstrated that mice had different patterns of infiltrating cell types when compared to hamsters. This suggested that the cellular response to the infection in mice occurred earlier than that in hamsters. The response in mice reached its peak at D7 to D14 and then rapidly declined at D28. In contrast, although the inflammatory response in hamsters started slowly, the response reached the peak at D28 and maintained a high level until D56. Significant differences in the number of inflammatory cells between mice and hamsters were seen at D1 (p=0.047), D7 (p=0.049), D28 (p=0.040), and D56 (p<0.040).
Conclusion:
The inflammatory responses to O. viverrini infection in the non-susceptible animal model occurred and declined earlier while the response in the susceptible animal model occurred later in a gradual manner. Both rodents are suitable animal models for the studies of opisthorchiasis susceptibility.
Comparative evaluation of some techniques used for detection of rabies virus
Authors: Hegazy Dalia , Hosseny Ebtesam , Senna Amal , Salem Zeinab , Khodeir Mohamed
Published: September 2023

Background:
Neurotropic viruses in the family Rhabdoviridae, genus Lyssavirus, are what cause rabies, an acute, progressive, and highly lethal encephalomyelitis.
Aim:
Evaluation of the used diagnostic techniques in order to determine the most simple; rapid and accurate test for rabies virus recognition in different specimens aiming to reach rapid diagnosis as a step aid in the disease control and to prevent or even minimize the suspected hazard.
Method:
The used techniques included infection trial of Swiss mice with the mice adapted rabies virus (CVS) followed by detection of the virus in infected mice brain. Virus detection was carried out through application BHK21 cell line infection; Fluorescent antibody technique FAT; Latex agglutination test LAT; direct ELISA; Rabies antigen detection kit ELISA; conventional PCR
Results:
It was found that virus inoculation in mice and BHK21 cell line need 5-7 days with positivity 90 and 100% respectively. Rapid antigen kit was able to detect rabies antigen in mice brains suspension and BHK21 infected fluid within 3-5 minutes with the percentage of 60 and 55.5 respectively. In 1-1.5 hours, the direct fluorescent antibody method (DFAT) detected 90% and 100% of the rabies antigen in BHK21 cell line infection and brain impressions, respectively. Latex agglutination showed clear results with 88.8% with BHK21 infected fluid within 3-5 minutes while it did not carry out on brain emulsions to prevent falsely positive results brought on by the presence of tissue fragments. Conventional one step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed 100% positivity with either brain or cell culture preparations within 2 days. Direct enzyme immune linked sorbent assay (ELISA) showed 88.8% positivity with BHK21 infected fluid with one day work.
Conclusion:
Mice inoculation test, cell culture infection; DFAT and PCR are the most accurate techniques for detection of rabies virus with positivity 90-100% followed by LAT and ELISA with positivity 88.8% and lastly Rabies antigen ELISA kit (RAK) with positivity 55.5-60% taking in consideration the required time for each. In addition, the positivity % of the applied tests revealed their sensitivity and specificity.
Identification of the causative agent of canine babesiosis in the North of Kazakhstan
Authors: Zhabykpayeva Aigul , Kulakova Lyubov , Rychshanova Raushan , Suleimanova Kulyay , Shevtsov Alexandr
Published: September 2023

Background:
Canine babesiosis is a common disease in the northern part of the Republic of Kazakhstan, in particular in the Kostanay region. In recent years, a large number of cases of the disease with a variety of clinical symptoms have been registered.
Aim:
The purpose of the study was to monitor the spread, characterization and identify the Babesia species involved of Babesia species in ticks and blood of dogs in Kostanai region.
Methods:
The research work began in 2017 with the study of the spread of babesiosis of dogs in Kostanay region according to the reports of veterinary clinics. The collection of ticks from the territory and from dogs was carried out in 2017-2021.
Results:
As a result of the research work, the presence in the city and some areas of the Kostanay region of two species of ixodid Dermacentor reticulatus and Dermacentor marginatus, was established. Of these, one species was identified on dogs, which serves as a carrier of canine babesiosis – D. reticulatus. In all 31 DNA samples from the blood of dogs diagnosed with babesiosis, a fragment of the 18S rRNA gene was amplified. The nucleotide sequence was obtained for 30 samples (96.8%), in one sample a low luminescence intensity of a specific PCR product was observed. Two B. canis haplotypes were distinguished on the basis of two nucleotide substitutions (GA→AG) observed in the sequences of the 18S rRNA gene.
Conclusions:
In conclusion, the results of this study provide insight into the distribution of B. canis haplotypes in dogs in the Kostanay region and canine babesiosis is caused solely by the large Babesia species B. canis.
Etiologies of nontraumatic feline uveitis in the UK: A retrospective observational study of 72 cats
Authors: Salih Amna , Giannikaki Stamatina , Escanilla Natalia , Hoey Christopher , Best Matthew
Published: September 2023

Background:
Uveitis is a common ophthalmic diagnosis in cats, that can lead to discomfort and loss of vision. Identification of non-idiopathic cases facilitates treatment and could reduce morbidity associated with this condition.
Aim:
To evaluate etiologies of non-traumatic uveitis in the UK, to compare diagnostic features between idiopathic cases and those with an established underlying etiology, and to investigate the association of clinical signs and abnormal diagnostic findings with a confirmed etiology.
Methods:
Records of cats diagnosed with uveitis at a UK referral center between August 2009 and April 2018 were retrospectively reviewed, excluding traumatic (and reflex) cases. Cases were categorized based on whether an underlying etiology had been established in cases with a confirmed etiology, idiopathic and inconclusive cases. All cases had a minimum of 12-month follow-up unless an underlying etiology had been established. Population characteristics, clinical signs, diagnostic investigation features and results were reported.
Results:
72 cases of uveitis were included, of which male cats and domestic breeds were overrepresented. An underlying etiology was determined in 23.6% of cases: 9.7% had infectious diseases, 5.6% systemic neoplasia, 4.2% primary ocular neoplasia and 4.2% metabolic disease. Idiopathic uveitis comprised 37.5% of cases, and the remaining 38.9% were inconclusive, of which 35.7% died or were euthanized within the follow-up period. Among the study population no significant age difference was found between cats with idiopathic disease or confirmed etiology. Unilateral disease was reported in 56.9% of cases and was not different across the idiopathic cases and confirmed etiology groups. The most common ophthalmic clinical sign was aqueous flare, followed by keratic precipitates and hypotony. Iris color change (P=0.015) and the presence of an intraocular mass (P=0.025) were associated with an underlying etiology.
Conclusion:
Idiopathic uveitis was found to be the most common diagnosis in this study population. However, a similar proportion of cases had possible underlying etiologies as a high proportion manifested systemic disease within the follow-up time. An underlying etiology could be established only in a quarter of cases. Further studies are required to standardize the investigations required when assessing cats with uveitis to minimize patient morbidity.
Inhibitory potential of natural plant extracts against Escherichia coli strain isolated from diarrheic camel calve
Authors: Bessalah Salma , Khorchani Touhami , Hammadi Mohamed , Faraz Asim , Mustafa Ayman
Published: September 2023

Background:
Camel calf’s diarrhea is considered the chief economic loss in the camelid population. There is currently no vaccine licensed to prevent colibacillosis in camel calves. The new era of bacterial antibiotic-resistant explains the treatment failure and the high mortality and morbidity associated with the disease. Current protective treatments have thus far limited efficacy and need to be replaced. Due to their antimicrobial properties and safety, natural products are recently finding a capital role in infection management.
Aims:
The current study explores E. coli F17 susceptibility as a clinical strain isolated from diarrheic camel calves to a wide panel of natural products.
Methods:
Agar diffusion method, Integrity of cell membrane, hydrophobicity of bacterial surface, biofilm assays, and motility were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Coffea, Retama raetam, Moringa oleifera, Juniperus phoenicea, Uritica dioica, Camellia sinensis, Lavandula angustifolia and Cuminum cyminum extracts against isolated bacteria.
Results:
Interestingly, All 8 tested extracts have the damaging ability of E. coli F17’s cell membrane and cause the nucleic acid release after 12 hours. E. coli F17 strain has the surface of hydrophobicity which changed after contact with extracts of the plant. Moreover, the motility of the studied bacteria changed after exposure to all plant extracts.
Conclusion:
This study demonstrated that all extracts, exempt Uritica dioica, can remove up to 50% biofilm of E. coli biomass as compared with the control. Natural extracts can be used as potential antimicrobial agents to mitigate diarrhea in camel calves.