bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological, structural, mechanical and antibacterial behavior of chitosan/PVA polymeric blends reinforced with silver nanoparticles
Authors: Hadi Fadhaa Bader , Farhan Ahmed Jadah
Published: February 2025

Chitosan (CS) is a biodegradable polymer derived from natural sources. It is a randomly distributed
linear polysaccharide. The study examined the characteristics and antibacterial effectiveness of a
Chitosan/PVA blend by a ratio of 90:10 sample that is strengthened with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs)
in various amounts (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% by weight). The sample is manufactured using the
solution casting method. The prepared samples underwent analysis utilizing a differential scanning
calorimeter (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), and mechanical testing, specifically a tensile test. The establishment of a blend is indicated by
changes in the energy levels and reductions in the intensities of specific FTIR bands. The antimicrobial
efficacy of the mixtures generated in varying amounts is assessed using the near-maximum inhibitory
concentration approach against Escherichia coli and staphylococci. The scanning electron microscope
(SEM) images exhibit a high level of clarity. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are evenly dispersed
throughout the polymer and are integrated. Entirely contained within the polymer. The stress-strain
curves of the samples containing a mixture of Ag NPs-reinforced chitosan and PVA demonstrate an
increase in hardness. The DSC analysis reveals a marginal reduction in the temperature at which the
polymer decomposes. The antibacterial activity is assessed by measuring the inhibition at a
concentration of 2.5%. The mixture exhibited greater efficiency against gram-negative bacteria
(Escherichia coli (E)) than gram-positive bacteria (S.aureus (s)). The aim of this work to create novel
polymeric composites with good mechanical properties that are appropriate for various environmental
impacts and are based on chitosan/PVA polymeric blends and silver nanoparticles. It also evaluates the
mechanical characteristics and antibacterial behavior of the composites as well as the prospects of
employing materials in medical applications.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE GRUPOS DE CONVIVÊNCIA PARA A PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE MENTAL DA PESSOA IDOSA
Authors: Souza Maria Karoline de Jesus , Aguiar Aline Cristiane de Sousa Azevedo , Martins Lucas Amaral , Lima Irene Brito , Oliveira Daniela Sousa , Santos Jessica Lane Pereira , Soares Vitor Caetano , Nascimento Edmilson
Published: February 2025

Situações como a perda de familiares, a não aceitação do processo de envelhecimento e as limitações decorrentes de doenças crônicas podem desencadear sofrimento mental na pessoa idosa. Diante desses desafios e das manifestações próprias do envelhecimento, destaca- se a importância dos grupos de convivência para a promoção de saúde mental das pessoas idosas. Objetivo: descrever as contribuições de grupos de convivência para a promoção da saúde mental da pessoa idosa. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo realizado com pessoas idosas participantes de um grupo de Convivência, vinculado a Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade de uma universidade pública do interior da Bahia. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada, entre os meses de abril a outubro de 2024 e analisados conforme a técnica de análise de Bardin. Resultados: o grupo de convivência configura-se como um importante espaço de promoção a saúde mental da pessoa idosa, proporcionando autonomia, sentimentos de valorização, felicidade, amor- próprio, bem- estar, além de contribuir para o controle da pressão arterial, alívio da dor e fortalecimento da memória. Ademais, possibilitou a criação de vínculos afetivos, ampliação da rede de amizades, construção de novos conhecimentos, favorecendo assim um envelhecimento ativo e saudável. Conclusão: O grupo de convivência é um espaço que permite a pessoa idosa ressignificar a sua vida, sendo esse capaz de promover mudanças mentais, sociais e físicos a pessoa idosa.
GC-MS analysis of metabolites in tritrophic interaction of yeast (Pichia Kudriavzevii)against soft rot pathogen of carrot (Daucus carota)
Authors: LAVANYA S , MUTHULAKSHMI P , JOHNSON I
Published: February 2025

Carrot a fleshy edible root vegetable, abundant in bioactive compounds such as carotenoids and dietary fibres. The market value of carrots is impacted by post-harvest illnesses, which have emerged as a serious production constraint. A promising advancement in the battle against post-harvest illnes is yeast-based biocontrol, because of its colonization on dry surfaces for longer periods and low nutrient utilization and can multiply easily. A study was carried out during 2022–23 at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu to evaluate the GC- MS analysis of metabolites in tritrophic interaction of yeast (Pichia Kudriavzevii) against soft rot pathogen of carrot. The tritrophic interaction of soft rot pathogen Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and yeast isolate YKP 12 Pichia kudriavzevii was analyzed through GCMS analysis and the metabolite 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl showed highest peak area of 13.89% with the retention time of 4.89 min. The tri-trophic interaction results revealed that the compound 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid monoester had both antibacterial and antifungal activity.
Characterization of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) genotypes based upon the morphological and biochemical quality attributes grownin south-western Punjab
Authors: Singh Pawandeep , Kour Amardeep , Mahajan Monika
Published: February 2025

The present study was carried during 2022–2023 at Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station Bathinda, Punjab to identify superior strawberry genotypes based on morphological and biochemical traits. In the findings of the current investigation, it is evident that significant variations exist among the various strawberry genotypes. This diversity is attributed to a combination of environmental conditions and their interactions. Notably, the genotypes Camarosa, 'Douglas and Jutogh Special exhibit superior characteristics in terms of horticultural traits, particularly concerning fruit size, fruit weight, fruit number and fruit yield. However, in terms of biochemical traits, the genotype Winter Dawn has the highest TSS and total sugars, genotype Red Coat has the highest phenolics whereas maximum vitamin C was found in genotype Ofra. On the other hand, genotype Douglas gave maximum anthocyanin values. Overall, it is anticipated that the genotypes Winter Dawn, Camarosa, Douglas, and Jutogh Special are well- suited for sub-tropical conditions in Punjab concerning fruit quality. Consequently, the observed genetic diversity within the strawberry genotypes in the south-western region of Punjab holds promise for screening elite genotypes, thereby facilitating further advancements in breeding initiatives.
Effect of farmyard manure, fertilizers and lime on quality parameters, nutrient uptake and productivity of maize (Zea mays) inacidic condition of north-western Himalayas
Authors: SHARMA ALISHA , MOHAPATRA ANKITA , SHARMA R P , SANKHYAN N K , MEENA HARI MOHAN
Published: February 2025

A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of (June to October) 2020 and 2021 at Research Farm of Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh to assess the effect of fertilizers, FYM (farmyard manure) and lime on maize (Zea mays L.) productivity and quality in acidic soil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), comprised of 11 treatments, viz. T1, Control; T2, 100% NPK; T3, 100% NPK + 5 t FYM/ha; T4, 100% NPK + 10 t FYM/ha; T5, 100% NPK + lime (full dose through broadcasting); T6, 100% NPK + lime (1/10th dose through furrow application); T7, 100% NPK + 5 t FYM/ha + lime (full dose through broadcasting); T8, 100% NPK + 10 t FYM/ha + lime (full dose through broadcasting); T9, 100% NPK + 5 t FYM/ha + lime (1/10th dose through furrow application); T10, 100% NPK + 10 t FYM/ha + lime (1/10th dose through furrow application); and T11, Natural farming [Ghanajeevamrita (cow dung, 100 kg; cow urine, 10 litre; jaggery, 100 g and gram flour, 100 g)], replicated thrice. After the harvest of maize, the data on grain and stover yield, nutrient uptake and grain quality parameters (crude protein, P, Ca, and Mg content) were recorded. The results revealed that the integrated application of 100% NPK, FYM and lime significantly improved the nutrient uptake over the rest of the treatments. The application of 100% NPK + 10 tonnes FYM/ha + lime incorporation at the rate 100% lime requirement (LR) increased the stover and grain yield by 161 and 179% over 100% NPK, respectively. The quality parameters like crude protein content (10.10%), P content (0.42%), Ca content (0.27%) and Mg content (0.14%) were also recorded higher with application of 100% NPK along with FYM (10 t/ha) and lime (100% LR). The results suggested the importance of sustainable soil fertility management, particularly the beneficial effects of integrating chemical fertilizer with lime and FYM in improving maize yield, nutrient uptake, and grain quality, compared to the sole use of chemical fertilizers in an acidic soil.
Identification of novel source of resistance to powdery mildew in bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria)
Authors: SINGH JOGENDRA , RANJAN J K , TOMAR B S , SINGH A K , JAT G S , MISHRA G P , AKHTAR JAMEEL , PRAGYA  , RAJKIRAN  , VERMA M
Published: February 2025

Powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera xanthii is one of the prevalent fungal diseases causing significant economic loss in bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.]. The present study was carried out during 2021 to 2023 at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to identify the novel source of resistance to powdery mildew in bottle gourd. About 82 diverse genotypes of bottle gourd were screened under controlled conditions and experiment was conducted in three replications with five seedlings in each germplasm. The seedlings were artificially inoculated with powdery mildew spores using dusting method at cotyledonary leaf stage. Disease severity on 0–9 scale was recorded from 7–28 days post inoculation. The mean per cent disease index (PDI) value at 4 weeks post inoculation (WPI) ranged from 0.00–98.52% (2021), 0.74–93.33% (2022), and 0.00–97.04% (2023) across the years of screening. Disease pressure was high over the years as indicated by higher PDI shown by susceptible genotypes. A rapid increase in PDI was recorded during 1–2 WPI, reaching highest at 4 WPI. This suggests that preventive measures to control powdery mildew should be implemented as soon as symptoms appear in the field. Three genotypes, viz. EC800996, EC800998 and IC337078 were identified as resistant having low pooled mean PDI value ranging from 0.00–8.89%. Moderate resistant reaction was reported in Pusa Santusthi, IC296733, EC1085257, EC1085231, IC567545, and IC567534. Additionally, low values of AUDPC and rAUDPC further indicates slow progression of disease after inoculation in resistant and moderately resistant genotypes. The resistant genotypes identified may serve as potential source for resistance breeding against powdery mildew in bottle gourd.
Evaluation of Emergence and Vigority of Some Genotypes of Tropical Minor Legume Landraces
Authors: Ardyansyah Fery , Ma'ruf Amar
Published: February 2025

Various tropical pulses such as velvet bean, lima bean, and jack bean are leguminous plants that have legumes cultivated and are found in Indonesia. Legumes are a source of vegetable protein with a protein content ranging from 18% to 25%. The aim of study is to evaluate, assess, and identify genotypes of tropical minor legume landraces that show high emergence and vigor through this research, understanding genetic diversity in populations of tropical minor legume landraces can be obtained. This supports efforts to conserve plant genetic diversity, which is important for maintaining long-term food security and ensuring the survival of ecologically and culturally valuable plant species. The research was carried out at the Hydroponic Screen House, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Asahan, from December 2023 to February 2024. This research aims to evaluate the level of emergence or growth and identify genotypes of tropical minor legume landraces that show high emergence and vigor. The data design in this study used Complete Randomized Design (CRD) which was replicated in 3 replications and analyzed using Analysis of Variant (ANOVA) supported by the Tukey test at the 5% level, also to assist in the process of creating diagrams using the Microsoft Excel application in the insert menu, namely pivotTable, and all data analysis used SPSS application, the observed variables include: emergence, germination rate, vigor index, simultancity growth. Based on the Tukey analysis, the highest emergence is K5, P3, K4, B2, K3, B1, B4, P5, and the lowest is B3. The genotypes with the highest germination capacity were P1, P2, K1, K2, P3, P5, B1, B2, while P4, B4, K3, K4, K5, B3, B5 is the genotypes with the lowest values. The genotype with the highest vigor index is B3, P4, while the lowest is B1, P3. The genotypes with the highest growth uniformity were the P1, P2, P5, P3, B1 genotypes, and the lowest were the genotypes P4, B3, B5, K1.
Almacenamiento de carbono orgánico del suelo bajo coberturas de pastos y plantaciones forestales jóvenes de Tectona grandis L.f y Gmelina arborea Robx. en la Región Huetar Norte, Costa Rica
Authors: Cortés Cortés Mónica Lizbeth , Murillo Cruz Rafael , Rojas Marín José Félix , Alice Guier Federico , Carvajal Arroyo David Antonio , Salazar Ruiz Ana Gabriela , Herrera Mejía Felipe , Pérez Poveda Paula , Ramírez Muñoz Fernando , Mora Campos Diana
Published: February 2025

El carbono del suelo representa el 73.8 % de lo presente en ecosistemas terrestres, donde el uso de la tierra afecta el equilibrio entre su entrada y su salida, mostrando pérdidas o ganancias. En el estudio se evaluó el carbono orgánico del suelo (COS) a tres profundidades hasta 100 cm, en pasturas y plantaciones forestales jóvenes de Tectona grandis L.f y Gmelina arborea Roxb. Se obtuvieron 144 muestras provenientes de ocho fincas de pasto, cuatro de teca y cuatro de melina, con edades de tres meses y tres años. Se implementaron pruebas t de student para determinar diferencias estadísticas. En cada finca, se describió la vegetación sobre el suelo. Las principales especies en pasturas fueron Hemarthria altissima Poir, Ischaemum indicum Kunth y Homolepis aturensis (Kunth) Chase. A los tres meses, la teca y melina registraron un COS de 270 y 278 Mg*ha-1 respetivamente, que se redujo a 258 y 261 Mg*ha-1 a los tres años. El carbono orgánico presente en los pastos adyacentes a las plantaciones forestales fue de 244 y 245 Mg*ha-1 para teca a tres meses y tres años, respectivamente, y de 240 y 269 Mg*ha-1 para melina de tres meses y tres años. La profundidad de 0-30 cm presentó mayor contenido de carbono que la de 30-60 cm y 60-100 cm. Finalmente, el porcentaje de carbono orgánico tiende a disminuir conforme aumenta la densidad aparente. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los sistemas en la primera profundidad, donde la cobertura vegetal tiene un aporte inmediato al suelo.
Effect of Different Foliar Application of Nutrients on Yield, Quality and Economics of Wheat
Authors: O. B. Chandapure  , R. M. Gethe  , N.J. Danawale  , M. S. Mane  , K. D. Kale  , D. D. Khedkar  , V. R. Najan
Published: February 2025

A field investigation entitled "Effect of different foliar application of nutrients on growth, yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)" was conducted in rabi season of 2022- 2023 at the Instructional Farm, Post -Graduate Institute, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri. The experiment was laid out in RBD with nine treatments replicated 3 times. Yield parameter of wheat viz., the highest grain yield( 48.98 q ha-1), straw yield (59.51 q ha-1), biological yield( 108.49 q ha-1), harvest index( 45.14% ) and yield increase over control (73.16%) is obtained significantly maximum due to foliar application of nutrients. The quality parameters like the protein yield (582.37 kg ha-1) and protein content (11.89) quality contributing characters. The gross monetary return (Rs. ha-1 119658), cost of cultivation (Rs. ha-1 51627), Net monetary return (Rs. ha-1 69182) and B:C ratio (2.37) is obtained significantly higher due to foliar application of nutrients
Knowledge of the Farmers toward Improved Pigeon Pea Cultivation Practices in Gopalganj District of Bihar
Authors: Rheecha  , Bose Dipak Kumar
Published: February 2025

The present study was undertaken to assess the knowledge of farmer towards improved Pigeon pea cultivation practices in Gopalganj district of Bihar, during year 2021-22. The data were collected through pretested interview schedule form 120 respondents which were selected randomly. The collected data were tabulated, analyzed and interpreted with the help of appropriate statistical tools. The study revealed that maximum number of respondents were middle aged with 54.17 per cent 59.16 respondents had marginal land holding, The maximum number of respondents having medium level scientific orientation, mass media exposure, extension contact and 60.84 per cent of the respondents had medium level of knowledge about pigeon pea cultivation practices. Respondents had maximum knowledge about soil type, varieties, season of growing and harvesting etc and they had less knowledge about seed treatment with fungicide, spacing, inter cultivation etc and age, caste, source of information, scientific orientation, mass media exposure and risk orientation were positively and significantly correlated with knowledge of pigeon pea grower.
A INFORMAÇÃO PÚBLICA MUNICIPAL ATRAVÉS DAS REDES SOCIAIS
Authors: Porto João Airton Santos , Campos Júnior Inácio de Loiola de Oliveira , Araújo Hélen Caroline de Sousa
Published: February 2025

As redes sociais evoluíram e tornaram-se o maior buscador de informações da atualidade. O presente estudo parte do questionamento: Como está o envolvimento do cidadão na utilização das redes sociais para obter informações públicas municipais? Com o objetivo geral de examinar a percepção do cidadão sobre a utilização das redes sociais, na esfera municipal, para divulgar informações. E, especificamente, analisar como um órgão municipal utiliza a plataforma de rede social Instagram para promover abertura sobre suas atividades. Como metodologia, foi realizada uma pesquisa de natureza quantitativa, através de questionário aplicado por meio da plataforma Google Forms, orientado com base no Guia de Boas Práticas para atuação de redes sociais, a serem respondidas utilizando uma escala de mensuração em formato Likert de 5 pontos, avaliando níveis de frequência e de satisfação. Foram obtidos resultados que ressaltam as limitações dos municípios avaliados em relação ao uso do Instagram. Como sugestão, considera-se importante maior monitoria na relação governo-cidadão através das redes nas cidades avaliadas, buscando um funcionamento que promova avaliação positiva da população.
LEI HENRY BOREL – AVANÇOS E DESAFIOS NA PROTEÇÃO DOS DIREITOS DAS CRIANÇAS E NO COMBATE À VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA
Authors: Dos Santos Antonio Nacilio Sousa , Felippe José Neto de Oliveira , Dezem Lucas Teixeira , Neves Carlos Rigor , Lima Uanderson da Silva , Valladares-Torres Ana Cláudia Afonso , Wanderley Alana Tereza Ferreira Viana , De Araújo Júnior Francisco de Assis , Silva Neide Aparecida , Ramis Cássius Antônio Barbosa , Sousa Greyson Dekhar , De Melo Felipe Pereira , Do Nascimento Mário Oli , Da Costa Luiz Henrique Silva , Melo Aline Caldas , Letieri Mariana Nunes
Published: February 2025

Historicamente, a condição social, econômica, política e religiosa da infância no Brasil esteve marcada por uma perspectiva adultocêntrica, na qual as crianças foram frequentemente instrumentalizadas para atender aos interesses dos adultos. No entanto, ao longo das décadas, impulsionadas por lutas sociais, movimentos da sociedade civil e iniciativas de órgãos de proteção, diversas normativas e legislações foram criadas para garantir os direitos da infância, consolidando-a como sujeito de direitos. Entre essas normativas, destaca-se a Lei Henry Borel (Lei nº 14.344/2022), que visa fortalecer a proteção de crianças vítimas de violência doméstica. Apesar dos avanços proporcionados por esse arcabouço normativo, persistem desafios na implementação e efetividade dessas medidas, uma vez que crianças continuam sendo utilizadas como objetos em relações intra e extrafamiliares e enfrentam barreiras no acesso à justiça e à proteção integral. Diante desse cenário, questionamos: Quais são os principais avanços e desafios na aplicação da Lei Henry Borel para a proteção dos direitos das crianças e no enfrentamento da violência doméstica no Brasil? Para aprofundar a análise, fundamentamos a pesquisa nas contribuições de Ariès (1975), Agamben (2005), Costa (1999), Fonseca (2000), Freitas (2016), Rizzini (2011), Priore (2012), Pinheiro (2000), Schueler (2001), Silva e Motti (2001), além de normativas como o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA/1990) e legislações sobre execuções penais e crimes hediondos. Metodologicamente, a investigação segue uma abordagem qualitativa, ancorada na perspectiva de Minayo (2016), na pesquisa bibliográfica segundo Gil (1999) e na análise compreensiva inspirada no viés weberiano (2006). Os resultados indicam que, apesar dos avanços legislativos e da crescente conscientização sobre a violência infantil, a implementação da Lei Henry Borel enfrenta entraves estruturais, como a falta de capacitação dos profissionais responsáveis pela sua aplicação, a morosidade do sistema judiciário e a necessidade de políticas públicas mais eficazes para garantir o acolhimento e a proteção integral das vítimas. Dessa forma, conclui-se que, para que a legislação se torne um instrumento efetivo de proteção infantil, é essencial aprimorar a articulação entre os diversos setores do Estado, fortalecer as redes de apoio e promover uma mudança cultural que reconheça a infância como prioridade absoluta.
O CONCURSO DE TOBIAS BARRETO PARA A FACULDADE DE DIREITO DO RECIFE (1882): UM EVENTO QUE DESAFIOU AS ESTRUTURAS?
Authors: Tomaz Mateus Rocha
Published: February 2025

Este artigo pretende se debruçar sobre aquele que é o mais notável evento da carreira jurídica de Tobias Barreto: seu concurso para lente substituto da Faculdade de Direito do Recife, realizado no ano de 1882, buscando-se dimensionar, a partir das fontes e da bibliografia especializada, os impactos de referido certame para o establishiment jurídico brasileiro e recifense no final do século XIX. Afirmando que “A forma mais adequada para se apreender o caráter processual da história moderna é o esclarecimento recíproco dos eventos pelas estruturas e vice-versa”, Reinhart Koselleck delineia, contudo, que referida tensão jamais chegará a ser solucionada quando da apreensão de determinada manifestação do tempo histórico (KOSELLECK, 2006, p. 139). É o que se pretende explorar concretamente neste paper. Conclui-se que a principal contribuição intelectual de Tobias Barreto foi a sua luta intransigente para a formação de um “clima intelectual” (LIMA, 1957, p. 236), de uma mentalidade universitária mais afeita ao debate científico e à pesquisa, o que não ocorreu, conforme será visto, sem flagrantes contradições e paradoxos do próprio Tobias e da sua estrondosa petulância intelectual e pessoal.
NEUROPLASTICIDADE E TRANSTORNOS PSIQUIÁTRICOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: De Jesus Anny Karolyne Leite , Vieira Lorena Fonseca Santos , Santos Marina Rosa Mendonça , De Jesus Isabela Santana , Oliveira Luzia Rafaela Alcântara , Prado Yasmin Melo , Rodrigues Lorena Maria de Melo , Oliveira Maria Alice de Sousa , Viana Artur Henrique Morais , De Oliveira Lucas Silva
Published: February 2025

A neuroplasticidade refere-se à capacidade do sistema nervoso de reorganizar sua estrutura e função em resposta a experiências e estímulos ambientais. Evidências sugerem que alterações nos processos de neuroplasticidade estão envolvidas na etiologia e progressão de diversos transtornos psiquiátricos, como depressão, esquizofrenia e transtorno bipolar. Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar sistematicamente a literatura sobre a relação entre neuroplasticidade e transtornos psiquiátricos, destacando os mecanismos subjacentes e implicações terapêuticas. Para tanto, foram consultadas as bases de dados SciELO, LILACS e BVS, seguindo os critérios PRISMA para a seleção dos estudos. Os resultados indicam que intervenções farmacológicas e não farmacológicas podem modular a neuroplasticidade e oferecer benefícios terapêuticos significativos para pacientes psiquiátricos. Conclui-se que a compreensão aprofundada da neuroplasticidade pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de abordagens terapêuticas mais eficazes.
CONCEPÇÃO DO PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO NO CORPO DE BOMBEIROS MILITAR DO PARÁ: UMA APRESENTAÇÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA E DOCUMENTAL
Authors: Dos Santos Jorge Fabricio , Do Vale Rodrigo Martins , Morais Helton Charles Araújo , De Araújo Isis Kelma Figueiredo , Dos Santos Leonardo Sousa
Published: February 2025

Este artigo teve por finalidade analisar os objetivos estratégicos do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Pará (CBMPA) mediante parâmetros legais e estudos acadêmicos, com a aplicação de dados qualitativos oriundos de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com foco em estudo tanto aplicado, quanto descritivo. Os principais resultados demonstram que o CBMPA, para realização de sua Missão institucional e atingimento de sua Visão de futuro, elencou objetivos estratégicos que visam melhorar sua gestão e seus serviços, sejam preventivos ou de enfrentamento aos sinistros, com foco em melhorar as condições de trabalho de seus agentes públicos e na sustentabilidade ambiental de suas atividades legais, além de realizar a Defesa Civil de forma integrada com os entes municipais. Deste modo, faz-se necessário para a materialização e efetividade do plano estratégico o estudo, planejamento e execução de serviços em âmbito tático e operacional, com aquisição de equipamentos, recursos financeiros e capacitações dos bombeiros militares.
DESAFÍO DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN EL PROCESO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y PUBLICACIÓN CIENTÍFICA: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA DE LA LITERATURA DE AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: de Quijada Petra Eloísa Sánchez , Rodríguez Marco Antonio Marcos , Lingan Aracelli Mónica Aguado , Ñaca Percy Quispe , Zamora María Carliuska Jaramillo
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: analizar los desafíos asociados a la incorporación de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la exploración de investigación y publicación científica-académica en América Latina. Metodología: se utilizó como referencia científica la adaptación del Protocolo Prisma, se abordaron artículos desde los bancos de datos de Scopus y Ebsco, en la plataforma de Crossref y el repositorio de Google Scholar. Resultado: se consideraron 2251 documentos inicialmente, donde 13 respondieron a los criterios de inclusión. Los desafíos específicos pueden proporcionar una base sólida para investigaciones futuras y fomentar colaboraciones que conlleve a erradicar la resistencia a la IA y mejorar el método investigativo para elaborar publicación científica, en las áreas que ameritan atención como instituciones académicas y comunidades científicas para desarrollar estrategias que superen barreras y logren potenciar las oportunidades otorgadas por la IA. Conclusión: abordar los desafíos relacionados con la IA en América Latina es una manera de fortalecer la investigación y desarrollo (I+D) en la región, al promover una ciencia más inclusiva, ética y tecnológicamente avanzada.
La lepra en la literatura: Inspiración, rechazo y cuestionamientos a la coexistencia con la enfermedad
Authors:   Instituto Colombiano de medicina Tropical – Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia, Cardona-Castro Nora
Published: February 2025

En la segunda parte de esta revisión, se referencian obras en las que se puede apreciar que la literatura de la época cambia de tono, y se enfoca en describir vidas de pacientes que sufren y de héroes que salvan y ayudan a los afectados.
Cambia también el sentido de los escritos, del miedo y el repudio, se pasa a la solidaridad y compasión por los desafortunados. Varios autores se con mueven con la realidad de los pacientes que tienen que vivir en reclusión obligatoria y relatan sus vidas.
La lepra, además de ser inspiradora de temas literarios, tiene dos hitos en la historia de la medicina. El primero es que fue la primera enfermedad que su control se hizo con medidas de salud pública, como es el caso del aislamiento y reclusión para evitar el contagio, esta medida data desde Moisés, que pudiera decirse fue el primer salubrista del que tengamos referencia en la historia.
El segundo hito de la lepra en la medicina es que es la primera enfermedad infecciosa a la que se le descubre el agente bacteriano causal. Este descubrimiento, realizado por Gerhard Henrik Armauer Hansen (1841-1912), nacido en Bergen, Noruega, lo realizó en 1871, cuando publicó en noruego sus hallazgos.
Este descubrimiento de Mycobacterium leprae como causa de la enfermedad, demora en permear las creencias e ideas de su origen, de considerarse castigo divino a una enfermedad infecciosa transmisible. Sin embargo, el misterio alrededor de la enfermedad termina, hecho que también se refleja en la literatura.
Ketentuan Hukum Penyidik Kepolisian yang Melakukan Tindakan Salah Tangkap dengan Sewenang-Wenang dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Dikaitkan dengan Perspektif Viktimologi
Authors: Budiman Nadia Najla Maharani Budiman
Published: February 2025

Hukum merupakan landasan fundamental bagi Negara Indonesia dengan tujuan utama menciptakan ketertiban, keamanan, keadilan, dan kesejahteraan rakyat. Due process atau proses hukum yang adil, adalah prinsip mendasar dalam hukum pidana yang menjamin hak setiap tersangka untuk diselidiki dan disidik sesuai prosedur yang telah ditetapkan oleh hukum. Penegak hukum, seperti polisi, memiliki peran krusial dalam menjaga ketertiban dan memberantas kejahatan. Namun, kenyataannya masih banyak korban salah tangkap akibat tindakan oknum kepolisian, serta penangkapan sewenang-wenang, seperti adanya penyiksaan untuk memaksa mengaku dan meraih informasi yang menjadi permasalahan dalam penegakan hukum di Indonesia. Menurut dokumentasi YLBHI-LBH Jakarta, dalam rentang waktu 2013 hingga 2022, tercatat sebanyak 58 orang menjadi korban tindak penyiksaan dengan dipaksa mengakui perbuatan yang tidak mereka lakukan  oleh anggota kepolisian. Dari total korban tersebut, 25 orang di antaranya merupakan korban dari tindakan salah tangkap atau kesalahan dalam proses hukum. Tindak pidana bagi penyidik yang melakukan salah tangkap dengan sewenang-wenang untuk mendapatkan informasi dari tersangka telah diatur dalam KUHP baru, yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 1 tahun 2023 sebagai bentuk reformasi hukum di Indonesia yang mulai akan berlaku di tahun 2026. Pengaturan tersebut penting karena tindakan itu dapat menyebabkan viktimisasi sebagaimana teori viktimologi radikal yang menjelaskan bahwa viktimisasi bisa terjadi akibat ketidakseimbangan kekuasaan dalam sistem peradilan pidana.
Legal Responsibility of the Implementation of Presidential Campaign Promises in Indonesia
Authors: Athar Rafi Niffari
Published: February 2025

Political promises in presidential campaigns are a powerful way to attract public votes, but people are often disappointed when these promises are not fulfilled. Some have tried to equate them with civil contracts, even bringing them to general courts, but this is beyond their jurisdiction. So, where do campaign promises stand in the eyes of the law, and what are the legal responsibilities for it? This research employs a doctriner approach by analyzing relevant norms, doctrines, and cases in a qualitative descriptive form. The findings indicate that campaign promises are material for the formulation of the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) and therefore fall within the scope of state administration. Some ways to hold them accountable include utilizing the authority of the House of Representatives (DPR) to either accelerate or hold an proportionate response to the execution of RPJMN, establishing legal effect of a normative provision provided in the Law No. 17/2024, constructing legal accountability scheme, and establishing easy-to-access platform to monitor promises by KPU. Thus, the accountability is not punitive, but rather aims to push the fulfillment of these promises.
Kesesuaian Pembangunan Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung terhadap Prinsip, Asas, dan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan terkait Pengadaan Tanah bagi Pembangunan untuk Kepentingan Umum
Authors: Samsudin Irsyad Halim Al-Ghifari
Published: February 2025

Tanah memiliki peranan penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Pemanfaatan tanah tidak jarang menimbulkan permasalahan. Salah satunya terkait pengadaan tanah bagi pembangunan untuk kepentingan umum. Hal ini disebabkan oleh sulitnya menemukan kecocokan dalam besaran ganti rugi. Berkaca pada pembangunan Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung yang harus melakukan pengadaan tanah seluas 7,6 meter persegi dengan panjang 142,3 kilometer, tentu saja bukanlah suatu hal yang mudah. Permasalahan umum yang timbul dalam pembangunan Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung adalah terkait ganti rugi,  seperti tidak sesuainya nilai ganti rugi yang ada terhadap masyarakat, tidak dilaksanakannya ganti rugi yang sudah dijanjikan, dan permasalahan lainnya. Melalui penelitian hukum normatif terkait prinsip-prinsip, asas-asas, dan peraturan perundangan-undangan terkait pengadaan tanah bagi pembangunan untuk kepentingan umum, didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa pemerintah dan pihak terkait pembangunan belum dapat melaksanakan sepenuhnya prinsip-prinsip dan asas-asas yang ada. Selain itu, pembangunan Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung dapat tetap berjalan, meskipun dengan cara mengeluarkan peraturan yang tidak sesuai perundang-undangan yang berada di atasnya.
The role of health economic evidence in clinical practice guidelines for colorectal cancer: a comparative analysis across countries
Authors: Yan Xiaoyu , Wang Yue , Ma Aixia , Li Hongchao
Published: February 2025

Aim:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most prevalent malignancies globally and causes massive resource consumption and economic burden. Health economic evidence (HEE) has been used in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for cancer to facilitate the rational allocation of health resources. However, in certain guideline development organizations, HEE is not yet utilized as a formal decision-making criterion. This study aimed to compare the discrepancies in the utilization of health economics as evidence in CRC CPGs across different countries and review specific features of economic evidence concerning the guidelines’ applicability.
Materials & methods:
A systematic review was conducted using databases including Medline, Embase, CNKI, WanFang, and other guidelines databases to identify CPGs for CRC published in English or Chinese from January 2017 to September 2023. Data on the incorporation and application of HEE were extracted, and the method and quality of cost–effectiveness analysis (CEA) studies were evaluated. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize the results.
Results:
Out of 53 CPGs from 14 countries, most originated from the USA (n = 17 of 53 [32%]) and Canada (n = 9 of 53 [17%]). Sixty-eight percent (36/53) considered cost justification, and 57% (30/53) incorporated health economics studies as evidence. The included HEE cited in CPGs ranged from 1990 to 2021 and were not aligned with the countries in which the guidelines were issued. Among these CEA studies, 52% (26/50) were related to screening strategies, and 32% (16/50) pertained to treatment measures. The Markov model was the most frequently used (n = 27 of 50 [54%]). Based on the CHEQUE tool, the methodological quality of these CEA studies was inadequate in areas such as multiple data sources, approaches to select data sources, assessing the quality of data, and relevant equity or distribution.
Conclusion:
In summary, 57% of guidelines incorporated health economics studies as evidence, with a variation between different countries. The included HEE still had deficiencies in methodology and reporting quality. In the future, it is suggested that health economics research should use a standardized methodology and reporting approach to assist in clinical decision making.
Shaping and Reshaping Chinese American Identity
Authors: Song Jingyi
Published: February 2025

Shaping and Reshaping Chinese American Identity: New York's Chinese in the Years of the Depression and World War II explores the role played by Chinese Americans in New York in the 1930's who laid the foundation for future generations to fight for civil rights as American citizens. The stories of Chinese Americans during the Depression years and World War II are under-represented in the existing literature that has been confined to the early days of the settlement of Chinese Americans on the west coast of the United States. They were usually depicted as passive victims of exclusion as a result of Chinese Exclusion Laws. This book focuses on the active participation of the Chinese American in New York City in mainstream political, economic, and social life that helped them to forge new identity as Chinese Americans. Their active participation in federal and local elections as a means of claiming their rights as American citizens demonstrated their growing political consciousness. Chinese New Yorkers' support of both China and United States during the war reflected their dual identity as both Chinese and Americans. Their contributions to the war front and to the home front after Pearl Harbor eventually forced the reconsideration of the Chinese Exclusion Laws. The book concludes by relating the active participation of the Chinese in New York during the war years to the national movement for racial equality that resulted in new federal civil rights legislation.
Transgression As a Mode of Resistance
Authors: Foust Christina R.
Published: February 2025

Since industrialization, two major theoretical perspectives have accompanied the vibrant practice of social change. The first, hegemony, emerged as a less deterministic route to revolution from Marxist theory, and forms the common sense of social movement today. Within hegemonic resistance, rhetoric links issues, ideas, and identities to form a recognizable collective agent, whose aim is to transform the status quo into its vision of the world. The second major mode of resistance, transgression, grows from anarchist and autonomous resistance to capitalism. Transgression attempts to free individuals' uniqueness and creative power by deconstructing authority and explicating the body in resistance. Transgression as a Mode of Resistance: Rethinking Social Movement in an Era of Corporate Globalization provides the conceptual mapping for scholars, students, and practitioners to participate in the growing debate between these rich and powerful forces of social change. Through a broad perspective on philosophy and history, Christina R. Foust demonstrates that hegemony and transgression are sometimes conflicting, oftentimes inter-related practices. She responds to critics who believe that without a social change agent, resistance appears baseless and na ve; without a representational economy to cohere and express common interests, social movement is impossible. Through alternative social relationships and political performances, transgressive resistors may reinvent daily life.
Gratuity
Authors: Seltzer Richard , Ochs Holona LeAnne
Published: February 2025

Gratuity is based on interviews with 425 people in more than 50 occupational categories. The respondents from across the U.S. reflect the diversity of the population but have one thing in common: they earn tips. A tip is a price set almost entirely by a customer, less connected to demand than to social code. In the U.S., tipping remains one of our most controversial, confusing, and highly variable norms. In their own words, respondents present their perspectives regarding their compensation as well as what they like and dislike about work. Understanding what people think about tipping and how tipped employees experience their work provides an understanding of tipping norms that has never been addressed. The evidence in this study indicates that tips do not appear to increase in accordance with inequality, and tips do not alleviate the discomfort of inequality from the perspective of the tipped employee when they are given to demonstrate status over another. Tips may in some cases serve a redistributive function, but they are not consistent with regard to social status. The evidence in this study also indicates that tips are a weak signal of quality and are not likely to serve as an effective monitoring mechanism. People appear to conform to tipping norms for social and emotional rather than strictly rational reasons. Furthermore, conformity to tipping norms is likewise inconsistent across work contexts. One of the principal mechanisms for fostering conformity lies within the organizational hierarchy, and management plays a critical role. The definitive difference between those who like their job and those who do not is the experience with people, particularly management. Every person who interacts with the public encounters people who are rude or disrespectful. The critical lesson for management is that the emotional costs of these interactions can be mitigated by managers who extend trust and support to employees. The absence of trust in the workplace contributes to a work environment that imposes additional, unnecessary costs on employees and likely affects the experiences of customers.
Uneasy Neighbors
Authors: Pardo Sharon , Peters Joel
Published: February 2025

Uneasy Neighbors: Israel and the European Union presents a concise and thorough analysis of significant aspects of Israeli-European relations from the late 1950s to the present day. Its primary concern is to examine major facets of the troubled Israeli-European relations, which are characterized by a love-hate relationship fueled by economic passion and occasional political hostility. This study of Israeli-European relations is important not only because it explores this unusual relationship, but also because it offers insights into how the European Union (E.U.) is actually judged by Israelis as well as serves as an important indicator of how well European intentions have been translated into observable actions in both Israel and the Middle East. In addition, Israeli-European relations reflect what has been faced by the E.U. in the process of setting-up its foreign policy instruments. In other words, the book offers both an analysis of Israeli-European relations, and an observation on the Union's emerging role as an international actor, especially in the Middle East. Despite the importance of Israeli-European relations, the subject has received relatively little attention in the fields of Israeli, European and Middle East studies, outside the context of the Arab-Israeli-Palestinian conflict. A review of the academic literature reveals a limited number of studies on Israeli-E.U. relations. This book attempts to fill this academic gap in our grasp of major aspects of this relationship. Each of the chapters reflects on different dimensions of this relationship. The emphasis is on across-the-board observations and crucial areas for the understanding of Israeli-European relations. In this regard, while the chapters were designed to add up to an inclusive study, each of them can also be read individually.
Writing Postcolonial France
Authors: Barclay Fiona
Published: February 2025

This book examines the way in which France has failed to come to terms with the end of its empire, and is now haunted by the legacy of its colonial relationship with North Africa. It examines the form assumed by the ghosts of the past in fiction from a range of genres (travel writing, detective fiction, life writing, historical fiction, women's writing) produced within metropolitan France, and assesses whether moments of haunting may in fact open up possibilities for a renewed relational structure of cultural memory. By viewing metropolitan France through the prism of its relationship with its former colonies in North Africa, the book maps the complexities of contemporary France, demonstrating an emerging postcoloniality within France itself.
The Pull of Postcolonial Nationhood
Authors: Coly Ayo A.
Published: February 2025

While the male-dominated Francophone African migrant literary tradition includes women writers, there is no study that attends to this subgroup of writers. The Pull of Postcolonial Nationhood: Gender and Migration in Francophone African Literatures pioneers the study of these writers as a category through an examination of three major women who exemplify the Francophone African female migrant literary tradition: Ken Bugul, Calixthe Beyala, and Fatou Diome. By studying these women together, Ayo A. Coly innovatively introduces gender into prevailing theories of Francophone African migrant literatures. These theories, in line with the current surge of postnationalism in cultural criticism, claim that questions of home and nationhood are obsolete for the present generation of Francophone African migrant writers, but this book shows that the opposite is true in the texts of these writers. Coly is thus able to demonstrate how claims of postnationalism are often skewed by gender-blind understandings of nationalism, namely a failure to consider that women have traditionally been the sites for discourses and practices of nationalism. Amid the negative currency of home and nation in contemporary cultural criticism, including postcolonial criticism, this book contends that home remains a politically, ideologically, and emotionally loaded matter for postcolonial subjects.
Public Opinion in Alabama
Authors: Clark Cal , Veal Don-Terry
Published: February 2025

The attitudes of individual citizens play a central role in a democracy. In the United States today, the two major parties are each associated with a broad set of policy positions representing the conservative and liberal political ideologies. The two major parties are becoming increasingly polarized on these ideologies between conservative Republicans and liberal Democrats. This book provides an in-depth examination of public opinion in a single American state, Alabama, to see whether the public opinion of general citizens follows this stereotype of ideological and partisan polarization. Alabama public opinion is analyzed on a fairly wide range of issues, including the quality of public officials, constitutional reform, the role of government in terms of taxes and overall spending, education, health care, religion in public life, crime, and immigration. Alabama is generally perceived as staunchly conservative politically and as a reliably 'red' Republican state in national elections. Yet, public opinion in Alabama is considerably more nuanced and complex than this stereotype in two distinct aspects. First, Alabamians are certainly conservative on many issues, but they are also liberal on a significant number of others. Second, the issue positions of the state's citizens are shaped by three different dynamics in terms of what factors influence specific attitudes. Furthermore a brief analysis of public opinion in the entire United States finds similar patterns. Thus, the current polarization in party politics does not necessarily reflect public opinion in its entirety, suggesting a need to transcend the competing conservative and liberal orthodoxies.