bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corps enquêteurs et lieux performés
Authors: Lebois Valérie , Laburte Dominique
Published: December 2018

Enseigner l’expérience sensible de l’architecture apparaît une nécessité alors que les moyens de conception deviennent de plus en plus immatériels. Il est proposé pour cela une méthode reposant sur un principe de pédagogie active où l’étudiant apprend en agissant, à partir d’interactions vécues entre son corps et l’ambiance d’un lieu. Un premier temps consiste à enquêter sur l’ambiance à partir d’exercices corporels destinés à retenir l’attention des étudiants. Un deuxième temps leur demande une restitution des résultats de l’enquête à travers la conception et la réalisation d’une performance corporelle. Cet article est une synthèse des travaux d’étudiants de master 1 et master 2 de l’école d’architecture de Strasbourg, immergés dans les espaces de la médiathèque Malraux à Strasbourg.
Climate Form Finding for Architectural Inhabitability
Authors: Mazauric Louise , Demers Claude MH , Potvin André
Published: December 2018

This research aims to develop a design process through experimenting cold climatic fluxes with a combined tactile and digital approach to create new architectural forms. Through successive design stages, this experimentation intends to validate the habitability of these new typologies of forms shaped by climate, which could offer multiple architectural ambiances. This paper addresses the following questions: How can these new forms be transformed and manipulated through design stages to visualize their potential architectural inhabitability? How can the design process inspire architects and designers to engage a more tactile and digital reflection with climatic fluxes, such as wind and light? Physical models are produced through combinations of lights, materials and scales, which are then studied through photographic explorations to visualize their inhabitable potential of these new climatic form. Images are further contextualized through digital collages by inserting inhabitants and an external environment to create architectural renderings. The final result offers new visual images of lively climatic ambiances that suggest a more contextual relation to the environment and ultimately, a new representation of our relationship between winter and architecture.
High Prevalence of Rodent-Borne Bartonella spp. in Urbanizing Environments in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
Authors: Blasdell Kim R. , Perera David , Firth Cadhla
Published: December 2018

Rodents are the most prominent animal host of Bartonella spp., which are associated with an increasing number of human diseases worldwide. Many rodent species thrive in urban environments and live in close contact with people, which can lead to an increased human risk of infection from rodent-borne pathogens. In this study, we explored the prevalence and distribution of Bartonella spp. in rodents in urban, developing, and rural environments surrounding a growing city in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. We found that although Bartonella spp. infection was pervasive in most rodent species sampled, prevalence was highest in urban areas and infection was most commonly detected in the predominant indigenous rodent species sampled (Sundamys muelleri). Within the urban environment, parks and remnant green patches were significantly associated with the presence of both S. muelleri and Bartonella spp., indicating higher localized risk of infection for people using these environments for farming, foraging, or recreation.
Diagnostic Value of Platelet and Leukocyte Counts in the Differential Diagnosis of Fever in the Returning Traveler
Authors: Rubio Elisa , Alejo-Cancho Izaskun , Aylagas Cristian , Camprubí Daniel , Ferré Roser , Albarracín Ma Rosa , Gonzalo Verónica , Barrachina Josep , Álvarez-Martínez Míriam José , Valls Maria Eugenia , Mas Jordi , Vila Jordi , Losada Irene , Martínez Miguel J. , Casals-Pascual Climent
Published: December 2018

Malaria, arbovirus infection and travelers’ diarrhea are among the most common etiologies of fever after a stay in the tropics. Because the initial symptoms of these diseases often overlap, the differential diagnostic remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to establish the effectiveness of platelet and leukocyte counts in the differential diagnosis of fever in the returning traveler. Between 2013 and 2016, patients with a clinical suspicion of malaria, who had thick blood smears performed were retrospectively included. The microbiological etiology of each episode was established based on molecular detection in the case of arbovirus infection, the detection of pathogens in stool samples for diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms and the thick and thin blood smear results for malaria. A total of 1,218 episodes were included. Malaria, arbovirus infection, and diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms caused 102 (8.4%), 68 (5.6%), and 72 (5.9%) episodes, respectively. The median platelet counts in malaria episodes were 89 × 109/L and thrombocytopenia (< 150,000 × 109 platelets/L) yielded a 98% negative predictive value to predict malaria. The median leukocyte counts in arbovirus infection episodes were 3.19 × 109/L and leucopenia (< 4 × 109 leukocytes/L) yielded a 97.9% negative predictive value to predict arbovirus infections. Platelet and leukocyte counts were not significantly altered in episodes caused by diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Initial platelet and leukocyte counts might be useful for the clinical differential diagnosis of fever in the returning traveler. Although these results are insufficient to establish a diagnosis, they should be considered in the initial clinical assessment.
Gender and its implications in adult learning and education
Authors: Foley Annette
Published: December 2018

This issue of Studies in Adult Education and Learning explores gender and its implications in adult learning and education from different world perspectives. For Hearn and Collinson (2017, p. 27) the notion of gender is a “very complex set of embodied, institutionalized structures, practices and processes” and one of the most fundamental and powerful structuring social principles, which is constructed within very diverse contexts. Women and femininities, and men and masculinities, are seen as socially constructed, produced and reproduced, variable and changing across time and space, within societies, and through the life course. The notion of gender is local and global in nature but on the local level femininities and masculinities have to be understood within the context of culture, ethics, religion, space and language.
“It’s not adequate, but otherwise they would not understand it”
Authors: Šribar Renata
Published: December 2018

The paper discusses the epistemic change in understanding the ‘sex’/gender dichotomy and its deconstruction; conceptual developments have not been adequately implemented in the basic categorical gender apparatus and its usage promoted by the European Commission’s studies and the integrated linguistic tools. The basic terms, sex and gender, are used interchangeably; even definitions where new concepts are introduced contradict each other. Mainstream gender policies have been slow in integrating new knowledge, although there is a trend to introduce a new gender category into the administration framework of EU states. The study aims at constituting the epistemic platform and a renewed gender related categorical apparatus to be used in the education sector. It resolves the inconsistencies present in various gender-focused studies by introducing the lowest common linguistic denominators supported by practical usage, EU political trends, and the contemporary epistemology of knowledge.
Model simulation of ammonium and nitrate aerosols distribution in
the Euro-Mediterranean region and their radiative and climatic
effects over 1979–2016
Authors: Drugé Thomas , Nabat Pierre , Mallet Marc , Somot Samuel
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Aerosols play an important role in Europe and the Mediterranean area where different sources of natural and anthropogenic particles are present. Among them ammonium and nitrate (A&N) aerosols may have a growing impact on regional climate. In this study, their representation in coarse and fine modes has been introduced in the prognostic aerosol scheme of the ALADIN-Climate regional model. This new aerosol scheme is evaluated over Europe and the Mediterranean Sea, using two twin simulations over the period 1979–2016 with and without A&N aerosols. This evaluation is performed at local and regional scales, using surface stations and satellite measurements. Despite an overestimate of the surface nitrate concentration, the model is able to reproduce its spatial pattern including local maxima (Benelux, Po valley). Concerning the simulated Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), the inclusion of A&N aerosols significantly reduces the model bias compared to both AERONET stations and satellite data. Our results indicate that A&N aerosols can contribute up to 40 % to the total AOD550 over Europe, with an average of 0.07 (550 nm) over the period 2001–2016. Sensitivity studies suggest that biases still present are related to uncertainties associated with the annual cycle of A&N aerosol precursors (ammonia and nitric acid). The decrease of sulphate aerosol production over Europe since 1980 produces more free ammonia in the atmosphere leading to an increase in A&N concentrations over the studied period. Analyses of the different aerosol trends have shown for the first time to our knowledge, that since 2005 over Europe, A&N AOD550 and A&N Shortwave (SW) Direct Radiative Forcing (DRF) are found to be higher than sulphate and organics, becoming the species with the highest AOD and the highest DRF. On average over the period 1979–2016, the A&N DRF is found to be about −1.7 W m−2 at the surface and −1.4 W m−2 at the Top of the Atmosphere (TOA) in all-sky conditions over Europe, with regional maxima located at the surface over the Po valley (−5 W m−2). Finally, the dimming effect of A&N aerosols is responsible for a cooling of about −0.2 °C over Europe (summer), with a maximum of −0.4 °C over the Po valley. Concerning precipitations, no significant impact of A&N aerosols has been found.
Technical note: Effects of Uncertainties and Number of Data points
on Inference from Data – a Case Study on New Particle Formation
Authors: Mikkonen Santtu , Pitkänen Mikko R. A. , Nieminen Tuomo , Lipponen Antti , Isokääntä Sini , Arola Antti , Lehtinen Kari E. J.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Fitting a line on a scatterplot of two measured variables is considered as one of the simplest statistical procedures researchers can do. However, this simplicity is deceptive as the line fitting procedure is actually quite a complex problem. Atmospheric measurement data never comes without some measurement error. Too often, these errors are neglected when researchers are making inferences from their data. To demonstrate the problem, we simulated datasets with different amounts of data and error, mimicking the dependence of atmospheric new particle formation rate (J1.7) on sulphuric acid concentration (H2SO4). Both variables have substantial measurement error and thus they are good test variables for our study. We show that ordinary least squares (OLS) regression results in strongly biased slope values compared with six error-in-variables (EIV) regression methods (Deming, Principal component analysis, orthogonal, Bayesian EIV, and two different bivariate regression methods) known to take into account errors in the variables.
Inter-comparison of O3 formation and radical chemistry in the past decade at a suburban site in Hong Kong
Authors: Liu Xufei , Lyu Xiaopu , Wang Yu , Jiang Fei , Guo Hai
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Hong Kong, as one of the densely populated metropolises in East Asia, has been suffering from severe photochemical smog in the past decades, though the observed nitrogen oxides (NOx) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) were significantly reduced. This study, based on the observation data in the autumns of 2007, 2013 and 2016, investigated the photochemical ozone (O3) formation and radical chemistry during the three sampling periods in Hong Kong with the aid of a Photochemical Box Model incorporating the Master Chemical Mechanism (PBM-MCM). Neither the observed O3 nor the simulated locally produced O3 changed significantly (p=0.11 and 0.99, respectively) from 2007 to 2013; however, both of which decreased (p<0.05) from the VOC sampling days in 2013 to those in 2016 at a rate of −5.04±0.05 and −4.35±0.10 ppbv yr−1, respectively. The regionally transported O3 showed an increase (rate=1.62±0.39 ppbv yr−1, p<0.05) during 2007–2013, but slight decrease (p=0.09) from 2013 to 2016. The mitigation of autumn O3 pollution in this region was further confirmed by the continuous monitoring data, which has never been reported in previous studies. Benefited from the air pollution control measures taken in Hong Kong, the local O3 production rate decreased remarkably (p<0.05) from 2007 to 2016, along with the lowering of recycling rate of hydroxyl radical (OH). Specifically, VOCs emitted from the source of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) usage and gasoline evaporation decreased in this decade at a rate of −2.61±0.03 ppbv yr−1, leading to a reduction of the O3 production rate from 0.51±0.11 ppbv h−1 in 2007 to 0.10±0.02 ppbv h−1 in 2016. In addition, solvent usage made decreasing contributions to both VOCs (rate=−2.29±0.03 ppbv yr−1) and local O3 production rate (1.22±0.17 and 0.14±0.05 ppbv h−1 in 2007 and 2016, respectively) in the same period. All the rates reported here were for the VOC sampling days in the three sampling campaigns. It is noteworthy that meteorological changes also play important roles in the inter-annual variations of the observed O3 and the simulated O3 production rates. Evaluations with more data in longer periods are therefore recommended. The analyses on the decadal changes of the local and regional photochemistry in Hong Kong in this study may be a reference for combating China’s national-wide O3 pollution in near future.
Improved retrievals of carbon dioxide from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 with the version 8 ACOS algorithm
Authors: O'Dell Christopher W. , Eldering Annmarie , Wennberg Paul O. , Crisp David , Gunson Michael R. , Fisher Brendan , Frankenberg Christian , Kiel Matthäus , Lindqvist Hannakaisa , Mandrake Lukas , Merrelli Aronne , Natraj Vijay , Nelson Robert R. , Osterman Gregory B. , Payne Vivienne H. , Taylor Thomas E. , Wunch Debra , Drouin Brian J. , Oyafuso Fabiano , Chang Albert , McDuffie James , Smyth Michael , Baker David F. , Basu Sourish , Chevallier Frédéric , Crowell Sean M. R. , Feng Liang , Palmer Paul I. , Dubey Mavendra , García Omaira E. , Griffith David W. T. , Hase Frank , Iraci Laura T. , Kivi Rigel , Morino Isamu , Notholt Justus , Ohyama Hirofumi , Petri Christof , Roehl Coleen M. , Sha Mahesh K. , Strong Kimberly , Sussmann Ralf , Te Yao , Uchino Osamu , Velazco Voltaire A.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Since September 2014, NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2)
satellite has been taking measurements of reflected solar spectra and using
them to infer atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. This work provides details
of the OCO-2 retrieval algorithm, versions 7 and 8, used to derive the
column-averaged dry air mole fraction of atmospheric CO2
(XCO2) for the roughly 100 000 cloud-free measurements recorded
by OCO-2 each day. The algorithm is based on the Atmospheric Carbon
Observations from Space (ACOS) algorithm which has been applied to
observations from the Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) since
2009, with modifications necessary for OCO-2. Because high accuracy,
better than 0.25 %, is required in order to accurately infer carbon
sources and sinks from XCO2, significant errors and regional-scale
biases in the measurements must be minimized. We discuss efforts to filter
out poor-quality measurements, and correct the remaining good-quality
measurements to minimize regional-scale biases. Updates to the radiance
calibration and retrieval forward model in version 8 have improved many
aspects of the retrieved data products. The version 8 data appear to have
reduced regional-scale biases overall, and demonstrate a clear improvement
over the version 7 data. In particular, error variance with respect to TCCON
was reduced by 20 % over land and 40 % over ocean between versions 7
and 8, and nadir and glint observations over land are now more consistent.
While this paper documents the significant improvements in the ACOS
algorithm, it will continue to evolve and improve as the CO2 data
record continues to expand.
Studies of the horizontal inhomogeneities in
NO2 concentrations above a shipping lane using ground-based MAX-DOAS and
airborne imaging DOAS measurements
Authors: Seyler André , Meier Andreas C. , Wittrock Folkard , Kattner Lisa , Mathieu-Üffing Barbara , Peters Enno , Richter Andreas , Ruhtz Thomas , Schönhardt Anja , Schmolke Stefan , Burrows John P.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. This study describes a novel application of an onion peeling like approach to MAX-DOAS measurements of shipping emissions aiming at investigating the strong horizontal inhomogeneities in NO2 over a shipping lane. To monitor ship emissions on the main shipping route towards the port of Hamburg, a two-channel (UV and visible) MAX-DOAS instrument was deployed on the island Neuwerk in the German Bight, 6–7 km south of the main shipping lane. Utilizing the fact that the effective light path length in the atmosphere depends systematically on wavelength, simultaneous measurements and DOAS retrievals in the UV and visible spectral range are used to probe air masses at different horizontal distances to the instrument to estimate two-dimensional pollutant distributions. Two case-studies have been selected to demonstrate the ability to derive the approximate plume positions in the observed area. A situation with northerly wind shows high NO2 concentrations close to the measurement site and low values in the north of the shipping lane. The opposite situation with southerly wind, unfavorable for the on-site in situ instrumentation, demonstrates the ability to detect enhanced NO2 concentrations several kilometers away from the instrument. To validate the approach, a comparison to air-borne imaging DOAS measurements during the NOSE campaign in July 2013 is performed, showing good agreement between the approximate plume position derived from the onion peeling MAX-DOAS and the air-borne measurements. Combining synergistically information about the plume width from the air-borne measurements and about the vertical plume extent from MAX-DOAS, yields NO2 concentrations in the plume from both measurements which agree very well.
The colonization of the oceans by calcifying pelagic algae
Authors: Suchéras-Marx Baptiste , Mattioli Emanuela , Allemand Pascal , Giraud Fabienne , Pittet Bernard , Plancq Julien , Escarguel Gilles
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The rise of calcareous nannoplankton in Mesozoic oceans has deeply impacted ocean chemistry and contributed to shape modern oceans. Nevertheless, the calcareous nannoplankton colonization of past marine environments remains poorly understood. Based on an extensive compilation of published and unpublished data, we show that their accumulation rates in sediments increased from the Early Jurassic (~ 200 Ma) to the Early Cretaceous (~ 120 Ma), although these algae diversified up to the end of the Mesozoic (66 Ma). After the middle Eocene (~ 45 Ma), a decoupling occurred between accumulation rates, diversity and coccolith size. The time series analysed points toward a three-phase evolutionary dynamic. An Invasion phase of the open-ocean realms was followed by a Specialization phase occurring along with taxonomic diversification, ended by an Establishment phase where few small-sized species dominated. The current hegemony of calcareous nannoplankton in the World Ocean results from a long-term and complex evolutionary history shaped by ecological interactions and abiotic forcing.
A stalagmite test of North Atlantic SST and Iberian hydroclimate linkages over the last two glacial cycles
Authors: Denniston Rhawn F. , Houts Amanda N. , Asmerom Yemane , Wanamaker Jr. Alan D. , Haws Jonathan A. , Polyak Victor J. , Thatcher Diana L. , Altan-Ochir Setsen , Borowske Alyssa C. , Breitenbach Sebastian F. M. , Ummenhofer Caroline C. , Regala Frederico T. , Benedetti Michael M. , Bicho Nuno F.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Close coupling of Iberian hydroclimate and North Atlantic sea
surface temperature (SST) during recent glacial periods has been identified
through the analysis of marine sediment and pollen grains co-deposited on the
Portuguese continental margin. While offering precisely correlatable records,
these time series have lacked a directly dated, site-specific record of
continental Iberian climate spanning multiple glacial cycles as a point of
comparison. Here we present a high-resolution, multi-proxy (growth dynamics
and
δ13C, δ18O, and δ234U
values) composite stalagmite record of hydroclimate from two caves in western
Portugal across the majority of the last two glacial cycles (∼220 ka).
At orbital and millennial scales, stalagmite-based proxies for hydroclimate
proxies covaried with SST, with elevated δ13C,
δ18O, and δ234U values and/or growth hiatuses
indicating reduced effective moisture coincident with periods of lowered SST
during major ice-rafted debris events, in agreement with changes in
palynological reconstructions of continental climate. While in many cases the
Portuguese stalagmite record can be scaled to SST, in some intervals the
magnitudes of stalagmite isotopic shifts, and possibly hydroclimate, appear
to have been somewhat decoupled from SST.
Documentary data and the study of past droughts: a global state of the art
Authors: Brázdil Rudolf , Kiss Andrea , Luterbacher Jürg , Nash David J. , Řezníčková Ladislava
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The use of documentary evidence to investigate past climatic trends and
events has become a recognised approach in recent decades. This contribution
presents the state of the art in its application to droughts. The range of
documentary evidence is very wide, including general annals, chronicles,
memoirs and diaries kept by missionaries, travellers and those specifically
interested in the weather; records kept by administrators tasked with keeping
accounts and other financial and economic records; legal-administrative
evidence; religious sources; letters; songs; newspapers and journals;
pictographic evidence; chronograms; epigraphic evidence; early instrumental
observations; society commentaries; and compilations and books. These are
available from many parts of the world. This variety of documentary
information is evaluated with respect to the reconstruction of hydroclimatic
conditions (precipitation, drought frequency and drought indices).
Documentary-based drought reconstructions are then addressed in terms of
long-term spatio-temporal fluctuations, major drought events, relationships
with external forcing and large-scale climate drivers, socio-economic impacts
and human responses. Documentary-based drought series are also considered from
the viewpoint of spatio-temporal variability for certain continents, and
their employment together with hydroclimate reconstructions from other
proxies (in particular tree rings) is discussed. Finally, conclusions are
drawn, and challenges for the future use of documentary evidence in the study
of droughts are presented.
Short Communication: Monitoring rockfalls with the Raspberry Shake
Authors: Manconi Andrea , Coviello Velio , Galletti Maud , Seifert Reto
Published: December 2018

Abstract. We evaluate the performance of the low-cost seismic
sensor Raspberry Shake to identify and monitor rockfall activity in alpine environments.
The test area is a slope adjacent to the Great Aletsch Glacier in the Swiss Alps, i.e.
the Moosfluh deep-seated instability, which has recently undergone a critical
acceleration phase. A local seismic network composed of three Raspberry Shake was
deployed starting from May 2017 in order to record rockfall activity and its relation
with the progressive rock-slope degradation potentially leading to a large rock-slope
failure. Here we present a first assessment of the seismic data acquired from our network
after a monitoring period of 1 year. We show that our network performed well during the
whole duration of the experiment, including the winter period in severe alpine
conditions, and that the seismic data acquired allowed us to clearly discriminate between
rockfalls and other events. This work also provides general information on the potential
use of such low-cost sensors in environmental seismology.
Evaluation of iterative Kalman smoother schemes for multi-decadal past climate analysis with comprehensive Earth system models
Authors: García-Pintado Javier , Paul André
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Paleoclimate reconstruction based on
assimilation of proxy observations requires specification of the control
variables and their background statistics. As opposed to numerical weather
prediction (NWP), which is mostly an initial condition problem, the main
source of error growth in deterministic Earth system models (ESMs) regarding
the model low-frequency response comes from errors in other inputs:
parameters for the small-scale physics, as well as forcing and boundary
conditions. Also, comprehensive ESMs are non-linear and only a few ensemble
members can be run in current high-performance computers. Under these
conditions we evaluate two assimilation schemes, which (a) count on
iterations to deal with non-linearity and (b) are based on low-dimensional
control vectors to reduce the computational need. The practical
implementation would assume that the ESM has been previously globally tuned
with current observations and that for a given situation there is previous
knowledge of the most sensitive inputs (given corresponding uncertainties),
which should be selected as control variables. The low dimension of the
control vector allows for using full-rank covariances and resorting to
finite-difference sensitivities (FDSs). The schemes are then an FDS
implementation of the iterative Kalman smoother (FDS-IKS, a Gauss–Newton
scheme) and a so-called FDS-multistep Kalman smoother (FDS-MKS, based on
repeated assimilation of the observations). We describe the schemes and
evaluate the analysis step for a data assimilation window in two numerical
experiments: (a) a simple 1-D energy balance model (Ebm1D; which has an
adjoint code) with present-day surface air temperature from the NCEP/NCAR
reanalysis data as a target and (b) a multi-decadal synthetic case with the
Community Earth System Model (CESM v1.2, with no adjoint). In the Ebm1D
experiment, the FDS-IKS converges to the same parameters and cost function
values as a 4D-Var scheme. For similar iterations to the FDS-IKS, the FDS-MKS
results in slightly higher cost function values, which are still
substantially lower than those of an ensemble transform Kalman filter (ETKF).
In the CESM experiment, we include an ETKF with Gaussian anamorphosis
(ETKF-GA) implementation as a potential non-linear assimilation alternative.
For three iterations, both FDS schemes obtain cost functions values that are
close between them and (with about half the computational cost) lower than
those of the ETKF and ETKF-GA (with similar cost function values). Overall,
the FDS-IKS seems more adequate for the problem, with the FDS-MKS potentially
more useful to damp increments in early iterations of the FDS-IKS.
Impact of frontal ablation on the ice thickness estimation of marine-terminating glaciers in Alaska
Authors: Recinos Beatriz , Maussion Fabien , Rothenpieler Timo , Marzeion Ben
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Frontal ablation is a major component of the mass budget of tidewater glaciers, strongly affecting their dynamics. Most global scale ice volume estimates to date still suffer from considerable uncertainties related to i) the implemented frontal ablation parameterisation or ii) for not accounting for frontal ablation at all in the glacier model. To improve estimates of the ice thickness distribution of glaciers it is thus important to identify and test low-cost and robust parameterisations of this fundamental process. By implementing such parameterisation into the ice-thickness estimation module of the Open Global Glacier Model (OGGM v1.0.1), we conduct a first assessment of the impact of accounting for frontal ablation on the estimate of ice stored in glaciers in Alaska. We find that inversion methods based on mass conservation systematically underestimate the mass turnover (and therefore the thickness) of tidewater glaciers when neglecting frontal ablation. This underestimation can rise up to 17 % on a regional scale and up to 47 % for individual glaciers. The effect strongly depends on the size of the glacier. Additionally, we perform different sensitivity experiments to study the influence of i) a constant of proportionality (k) used in the frontal ablation parameterisation, ii) Glen's temperature-dependent creep parameter (A) and iii) a sliding velocity parameter (fs) on the regional dynamics of Alaska marine-terminating glaciers. OGGM is able to reproduce previous regional frontal ablation estimates applying a number of combinations of values for k, Glen's A and fs. These different model configurations show that volume estimates after accounting for frontal ablation are 15 to 17 % higher than volume estimates ignoring frontal ablation. Our sensitivity studies also show that differences in thickness between accounting for and not accounting for frontal ablation occur mainly at the lower parts of the glacier, both above and below sea level. This indicates that not accounting for frontal ablation will have an impact on the estimate of the glaciers' potential contribution to sea-level rise. Introducing frontal ablation increases the volume estimate of Alaska marine-terminating glaciers from 9.01 ± 0.35 to 10.43 ± 0.44 mm. SLE, of which 1.41 ± 0.18 mm. SLE (0.58 ± 0.05 mm. SLE when ignoring frontal ablation) are found to be below sea level.
Clinicians' Perspectives of a Novel Home-based Multidisciplinary Telehealth Service for Patients with Chronic Spinal Pain
Authors: Cottrell Michelle A. , Hill Anne J. , O'Leary Shaun P. , Raymer Maree E. , Russell Trevor G.
Published: December 2018

Chronic spinal pain conditions can often be successfully managed by a non-surgical, multidisciplinary approach, however many individuals are unable to access such specialised services within their local community. A possible solution may be the delivery of care via telerehabilitation. This study aimed to evaluate clinicians’ perspectives on providing clinical care via telerehabilitation during the early implementation of a novel spinal telerehabilitation service.  Eight clinicians’ were recruited, completing surveys at four separate time points. Confidence in providing treatment via telerehabilitation significantly improved with time (?2(3)=16.22, p=0.001). Clinicians became significantly more accepting of telerehabilitation being a time- (?2(3)=11.237, p=0.011), and cost-effective (?2(3)=9.466, p=0.024) platform in which they could deliver care. Overall satisfaction was high, with technology becoming easier to use (p=0.026) and ability to establish rapport significantly improved with experience (p=0.043). Understanding clinicians’ perspectives throughout the early implementation phase of a new telerehabilitation service is a critical component in determining long-term sustainability.
Editors' Note
Authors: Cohn Ellen R. , Cason Jana
Published: December 2018

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The Provider’s Experience of Delivering an Education-based Wellness Program via Telehealth
Authors: Serwe Katrina M.
Published: December 2018

Provider acceptance is a first step to implementing a successful telehealth program. This pilot study examined the experience of six providers delivering an education-based wellness program in a telehealth format. Providers indicated an overall positive experience with high Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ) total scores (5.6 ± 1.1) and in their comments. High TUQ subscale scores for Usefulness (6.7 ± 0.4) and Ease of Use (5.3 ± 0.3) indicated providers found the telehealth system usable. Strong relationship bonds that developed offset the reported drawback of technical issues related to connectivity and audio. Providers with a wide range of computer experience all reported synchronous remote training via phone and videoconference meetings was adequate to prepare them to deliver classes via telehealth. This research indicates motivated providers with varying technology experience can have a positive telehealth experience with customized remote support.
State Occupational and Physical Therapy Telehealth Laws and Regulations: A 50-State Survey
Authors: Bierman Randal Trey , Kwong Mei Wa , Calouro Christine
Published: December 2018

The Center for Connected Health Policy conducted a scan of current state policy affecting occupational therapy (OT) and physical therapy (PT) practice, supervision, and additional requirements for using telehealth. While most states have established telehealth policies for other health care professions, this 50-state scan shows that many states made some reference to telehealth practice for OT (37 states) and PT (40 states). The states that adopted these policies also tended to adopt them in either law or regulation, but not both, and showed no discernable patterns favoring either. Additionally, eight states included OT and PT within telehealth laws that concurrently apply to multiple health professions. More commonly, states enacted policy within laws or regulations specific to OT and PT. Most policies including limitations on telehealth practice for OT and PT did not appear to create requirements that are more restrictive than what is generally seen in telehealth across all states.
Editors' Note
Authors: Cohn Ellen R. , Cason Jana
Published: December 2018

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"Saberes habitantes" en la ciudad contemporánea: narrativas barriales de una etnografía colaborativa
Authors: Álvarez Pedrosian Eduardo
Published: December 2018

Presentamos los resultados de una experiencia de trabajo basada en la etnografía colaborativa en ambientes urbanos contemporáneos, llevada a cabo en la zona del segundo ensanche histórico de Montevideo. Nos focalizamos en lo que denominamos saberes habitantes, a través del análisis de las producciones de los participantes. En una primera parte hacemos foco en la exploración de la ciudad. Luego avanzamos en el análisis considerando los aprendizajes colaborativos desde la subjetivación etnográfica. Después nos detemos en las condiciones preexistentes según imaginarios sociales urbanos emergentes gracias a ejercicios cartográficos. Concluimos caracterizando estos saberes y retomando lo concerniente a las mediaciones urbanas.
La Internet de las Cosas, el Big Data y los nuevos problemas de la comunicación en el Siglo XXI
Authors: Pineda de Alcazar Migdalia Yanet
Published: December 2018

Este artículo se propone analizar la aparición y desarrollo de la Internet de las cosas y su impacto social, individual y empresarial. Y estudiar como el Big Data incide en la vida privada de las personas vulnerando su libertad, privacidad y seguridad en un mundo súper conectado. Aplica una metodología de investigación documental y teórica de fuentes bibliográfica. Como conclusión, vislumbra cuál sería el panorama de la información y de la comunicación humana, a partir del desarrollo de la Internet de las cosas y del Big Data.
Antes do desastre: notas a respeito do Jornalismo, da comunicação de riscos, da prevenção e do envolvimento cidadão
Authors: Beling Loose Eloisa , Tourinho Girardi Ilza Maria
Published: December 2018

Este texto, de perspectiva reflexiva, articula aspectos relacionados à comunicação de riscos e ao envolvimento dos cidadãos a partir do lugar dado à prevenção pelo Jornalismo. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, verifica-se que essa interface ainda é restrita no Brasil e, a partir da discussão de literatura, analisam-se os possíveis cruzamentos entre a cultura da prevenção e a cobertura jornalística de riscos, assim como sua associação com a cidadania. Dentre as considerações, aponta que o Jornalismo precisa rever sua lógica, voltada para o presente, ao acontecimento concreto, já que estamos vivendo em uma sociedade orientada para o futuro e cercada de riscos – o que exige um posicionamento mais preventivo.
Mediaciones, apropiaciones y sentidos de ciudad en el caso de los peregrinos al culto del Milagro en Salta, Argentina
Authors: Nava Le Favi Daniela Andrea
Published: December 2018

El trabajo parte de una mirada interdisciplinaria para retomar una práctica religiosa del noroeste argentino: la peregrinación del Milagro en Salta. El abordaje intenta analizar cómo se construye el  cuerpo peregrino en  el discurso mediático y devocional referido al caso. A partir de allí, se explora la manera en la que los enunciados de la prensa  tienen  inscripciones del discurso religioso y configuran miradas cristalizadas sobre el ritual. En las voces de los peregrinos, los sentidos se desbordan, lo que permite pensar la disputa por las representaciones y las identidades que dan cuenta de diversas mediaciones.
Crisis alimentaria global, posibles salidas locales: cultivos tradicionales, en La Plata, Argentina
Authors: May María Paula , Ciocchini Florencia Indira
Published: December 2018

La alimentación es un derecho y una de las necesidades básicas de la humanidad. No obstante, actualmente nos encontramos frente a una crisis alimentaria que pone en jaque la satisfacción adecuada de tal necesidad. Esto se debe a que a escala global, la producción de alimentos se basa en un modelo productivo extractivista, asociado a hábitos ´modernos´ de consumo, que tienen un impacto negativo en el medioambiente, la salud e inclusive en las identidades culturales de los territorios. No obstante, a lo largo del planeta existen distintas experiencias que a modo de resistencias, le hacen frente. El cinturón hortícola platense –Argentina- puede tomarse como un ejemplo de esto. En este texto, presentamos el caso del amaranto y las variedades hortícolas locales, y analizamos cómo este tipo de cultivos -normalmente denominados tradicionales-, aportan a una agricultura más amigable con el ambiente, así como a un consumo más respetuoso de aspectos culturales, condiciones necesarias para una alimentación sustentable.
El cooperativismo social como respuesta a la crisis económica en el territorio calabrés
Authors: García Jiménez Manuel , Strano Angela
Published: December 2018

En los últimos años, hemos sido testigos de una gran crisis económica mundial que ha desafiado los mecanismos y los conceptos en los que se basan la economía de mercado y las empresas tradicionales. Muchas empresas han fracasado y esto ha llevado a un aumento en el número de desempleados. Todo esto nos llevó a reflexionar sobre la necesidad de encontrar alternativas a los mecanismos clásicos de la economía y, sobre todo, en la importancia de centrarse en una economía más solidaria y más sostenible que se base, ante todo, en el bienestar psíquico y físico de los trabajadores y usuarios finales. Por ello, nuestra atención se ha centrado en las empresas sociales del territorio de Calabria que, según algunos datos a los que hemos podido acceder, han reaccionado mejor a la crisis económica y financiera de los últimos años que las empresas tradicionales. En particular, hemos realizado una primera aproximación al análisis de la situación del tercer sector en la región, especialmente las cooperativas sociales, comparándolas con asociaciones y sociedades de capital.
Os esquemas de contraponto na música brasileira do Antigo Regime: o caso dos 6 Responsórios Fúnebres de João de Deus do Castro Lobo
Authors: Leonel Farias Reis Páscoa Pascoa Marcio , Aleixo da Silva Monteiro Guilherme
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo demonstra o uso de esquemas de contraponto (schematae) pertencentes à teoria musical em voga no período compreendido entre séculos XVIII e início do XIX, o chamado Estilo Galante, nos 6 Responsórios Fúnebres de João de Deus do Castro Lobo (1794-1832).
Nueva música, música viva, tonus e os caminhos da dodecafonia na América do Sul (1930–1960)
Authors: Fugellie Daniela
Published: December 2018

Este artigo tem por objetivo explorar aspectos essenciais da dodecafonia sulamericana desde seus princípios na década de 30 até o final da década de 50. Assumindo que não exista ‘A Dodecafonia’ ou ‘O Dodecafonismo’, em letras maiúsculas, mas que seu significado tenha de ser entendido dentro de cada contexto particular, este artigo explora a história dos primeiros centros de recepção criativa da dodecafonia na América do Sul: o projeto da Nueva Música em Buenos Aires, o grupo Música Viva no Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, e o grupo Tonus em Santiago do Chile, entendendo que nestes se constituíram grupos de compositores e intérpretes dedicados à composição e à difusão da música dodecafônica, funcionando como espaços de intercâmbio, criação e discussão. Como tentarei demonstrar, as redes de contato entre personalidades sulamericanas, como também entre elas e outros países, foram fundamentais para o desenvolvimento da música dodecafônica sulamericana desde seus primórdios.
O porquê da ausência do sobrenatural na ciência contemporânea: nem apriorismo, nem ateísmo, nem cientismo
Authors: Alciomar Koslowski Adilson
Published: December 2018

As relações entre ciência e religião são complexas. Um dos problemas que se apresentam dizem respeito a por que não constam, na ciência e na história moderna, referências e explicações que apelem a entidades como Deus, anjos e demônios. Duas respostas – entre outras – podem ser dadas ao problema. A primeira é que, dada a natureza da ciência, o sobrenatural está excluído a priori de seu meio. A segunda é que a ciência não contém explicações sobrenaturais, a posteriori, porque tais explicações não se mostraram adequadas durante o desenvolvimento da ciência moderna. Contudo, se não há nenhum impedimento a priori para as explicações sobrenaturais na ciência, sustentaremos, seguindo os argumentos de Dawes (2009; 2011) e Schick (2000), que a melhor resposta ao problema parece ser a solução a posteriori. Porém, discordamos que sustentar tal posição acarrete o cientismo. Contra o cientismo seguimos os argumentos de Feser (2014).
VERIFICAÇÃO À FADIGA DE SUPORTES DE APOIO SOLDADOS DE UM TRANSPORTADOR DE CORREIA DE ALTO-FORNO [ Fatigue analysis of welded supports of a blast furnace belt conveyor ]
Authors: Fonseca Marcos Cordeiro , Souza Flávio Teixeira de , Paula Geraldo Donizetti de
Published: December 2018

RESUMO: Transportadores de correia utilizados em altos-fornos de usinas siderúrgicas normalmente estão sujeitos a condições severas de carregamento que requerem longo período de vida em constantes carregamentos e descarregamentos de material durante o transporte. Essa condição resulta em ciclos alternados de fadiga cuja intensidade pode ocasionar descontinuidades na estrutura, sobretudo nas uniões soldadas. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo expor os métodos de análise de fadiga em uniões soldadas e apresentar a avaliação de um suporte de apoio de estruturas de transportadores de correia através dos requisitos estabelecidos por normas regulamentadoras vigentes em consonância com os métodos computacionais adequados. Para desenvolver a análise foi seguido o procedimento metodológico composto por levantamento de dados em campo e com hipóteses assumidas nas condições mais próximas às reais. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho apresentam os ciclos de vida e as faixas de tensão para o suporte de apoio soldado em comparação com dados observados no contexto siderúrgico. É apresentado, também, um diagrama da rotina de análise de fadiga em elementos estruturais soldados que pode ser utilizado em análises semelhantes a fim de obter uma visão sistêmica das etapas de desenvolvimento da análise.ABSTRACT: Blast furnaces belt conveyors of steel mills are usually subject to severe loading conditions which require a long life with constant loading and unloading of material during transportation.  This condition results in alternating cycles of fatigue whose intensity can cause cracks in the structure, especially in welded joints. The present work aims to expose the methods of fatigue analysis in welded joints and to show the evaluation of a belt conveyor structure support through the requirements established following regulatory standards in parallel with the appropriate computational methods. A methodologic procedure with filed data and hypothesis was followed to develop the analysis. The results achieved present the life cycles and the stress ranges on the welded support comparing with data of a Steel Making Plant. A diagram of fatigue analysis is proposed aiming to get a general view of the fatigue analysis steps.
USO DE TÉCNICAS PEDOMÉTRICAS NA PREDIÇÃO E MAPEAMENTO DIGITAL DO POTENCIAL NATURAL A EROSÃO DOS SOLOS
Authors: Santos Vanderley Severino , Lorandi Reinaldo , Costa Carlos Wilmer
Published: December 2018

A Equação Universal de Perdas de Solos é um modelo paramétrico utilizado na predição da média anual de perdas de solos por erosão laminar, porém, é relativamente simples. Com o avanço do sensoriamento remoto foram desenvolvidas várias técnicas de observação do ambiente que estimularam estudos ligados à distribuição espacial das classes e propriedades do solo. Essas técnicas podem ser aplicadas no mapeamento dos processos da dinâmica superficial que modelam a superfície terrestre. Este trabalho teve como objetivo propor, avaliar e analisar o emprego de técnicas pedométricas de mapeamento digital dos solos na construção de um modelo preditivo, alternativo ao modelo EUPS, para ser empregado no mapeamento do potencial natural de erosão (PNE) das terras da bacia dos córregos Amaral e Brilhante em Jaciara-MT. Os resultados mostram que com o uso dessa técnica foi possível construir por meio de regressão-krigagem um novo mapa com estimativas do Potencial Natural a Erosão. Nesse mapa verificou-se um equilíbrio quantitativo na distribuição das áreas com potencial natural a erosão inferiores a 600 t.ha¹.ano¹ e áreas com perdas entre 600 a 1200 t.ha¹.ano¹ (134,88 km² e 141,73 km², respectivamente). Enquanto no mapa confeccionado pelo método tradicional (EUPS) verificou-se predomínio de áreas com potencial natural a erosão inferiores a 600 t.ha¹.ano¹ (205,37 km²).
Legitimação ativa da defensoria pública no mandado de injunção coletivo
Authors: Vianna Alves Ferreira Olavo Augusto , De Siqueira Castro Guilherme
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de examinar a legitimidade ativa da Defensoria Pública no mandado de injunção coletivo. Para a consecução desta finalidade, o tema será abordado tanto do ponto de vista constitucional como do ponto de vista processual. Será estudado o vício de constitucionalidade formal da Lei 13.300/2016 no que tange a legitimidade ativa da Defensoria Pública no mandado de injunção coletivo. A necessidade de pertinência temática para a impetração e o tipo de interesse transindividual tutelado são questões que envolvem um profícuo debate constitucional que já foi objeto de exame pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal. Por derradeiro, abordaremos a possibilidade de litisconsórcio ativo no mandado de injunção envolvendo a Defensoria Pública e os demais legitimados extraordinários previsto na lei de regência da ação injuncional.
 
Abstract
This article aims to examine the active legitimacy of the Office of the Public Defender in the collective writ of injunction. To achieve this purpose, the subject will be addressed both from a constitutional point of view and from a procedural point of view. This paper will study the formal constitutional vice of Law 13.300 / 2016 regarding the active legitimacy of the Office of the Public Defender in the collective writ of injunction. The need for thematic relevance to the filing and type of ward transindividual interest are issues involving a fruitful constitutional debate that has been the subject of examination by the Supreme Court. For last, we discuss the possibility of active joinder in the writ of injunction involving the Office of the Public Defender and the other extraordinary legitimated under the law of Regency injuncional action.