bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes of flow diversion for unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shehata Mostafa A , Ibrahim Mohamed K , Ghozy Sherief , Bilgin Cem , Jabal Mohamed Sobhi , Kadirvel Ramanathan , Kallmes David F
Published: September 2022

Background

Flow diverters have been widely used in clinical practice for more than a decade. However, most outcome data are limited to 1 year timepoints. This study aims to offer meta-analysis data on long-term (>1 year) safety and effectiveness results for patients with aneurysms treated with flow diverters.

Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and SCOPUS were searched up to February 24, 2022 using the AutoLit platform. We included primary studies assessing the long-term outcomes for flow diverter devices to manage unruptured internal carotid artery aneurysms with a follow-up period of >1 year. The meta-analysis was carried out using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (CMA).

Results

Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled occlusion rates after flow diversion treatment for unruptured intracranial brain aneurysms were 77%, 87.4%, 84.5%, 89.4%, 96% for 1 year, 1–2 years, 2 years, 3 years, and 5 years follow-up, respectively. The in-stent stenosis rate was 4.8% and the retreatment rate for the long-term follow-up period was 5%. No delayed rupture of the aneurysm was reported, and there was one case of delayed ischemic stroke. The sensitivity analysis of the prospective studies showed a complete occlusion rate of 83.5% and 85.2% for 1 and 3 years of follow-up, respectively.

Conclusion

Flow diverters are safe and effective in short- and long-term follow-up and rarely cause serious delayed side effects.
1,5-Dichloroethanoanthracene Derivatives As Antidepressant Maprotiline Analogs: Synthesis, DFT Computational Calculations, and Molecular Docking
Authors: Sultan Mujeeb A. , Pillai Renjith Raveendran , Alzahrani Eman , Alsofi Ahmed A. , Al-Qadhi Sadam A. , Pashameah Rami Adel
Published: September 2022

The chlorinated tetracyclic 1,5-dichloro-9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracen-12-yl)-N-methylmethanamine 1, a maprotiline analog, has been synthesized via reduction and the Diels–Alder reaction followed by reductive amination of aldehyde 2.1D-NMR (DEPT) and 2D-NMR (HSQC, DQF-COSY) techniques were recruited for structural elucidation in addition to HRMS. Density functional theory calculations were performed to identify the possible isomers of the intermediate compound aldehyde 2; these calculations were in good agreement with experimental results where aldehyde 2 could exist in three isomers with comparable energies. In addition, the side chain of this aldehyde 2 was extended via the Wittig reaction to obtain the unsaturated ester 5 that was subjected to selective olefinic catalytic hydrogenation to obtain the corresponding saturated ester 6. Molecular docking simulation showed that all the compounds (1, 2, 5, and 6) have high antidepressant activities and form stable complexes with LeuT by inhibiting the neurotransmitter reuptake at the synapse and hence are good candidates as antidepressant drugs.
Distance Measurement by Neural Network Learning of Near-Field Microwave Reflection Spectra
Authors: Jeong Janghoon , Son Seong-Ho
Published: September 2022

Microwave-based distance measurements are limited depending on the sensing environment, such as the propagation medium and surrounding obstacles, and the complex environment also affects the measurement performance. To tackle this problem, we propose a method for predicting the distance based on the artificial neural network learning of near-field microwave reflection spectra. In principle, the spectral data is expected to contain a signature of the distance of the target object. Based on this, we proposed a two-step neural network to extend the measurable distance range while ensuring prediction performance. The first step is to predict the coarse range of the target by classification, and the next is to predict the precise distance value through multidimensional regression within that coarse range. The method was verified through experiments to predict the position of an object in an underwater environment, which was difficult to measure with conventional methods.
Identification of Candidate MicroRNA-mRNA Subnetwork for Predicting the Osteosarcoma Progression by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Lu Dejie , Huang Hanji , Zheng Li , Li Kanglu , Cui Xiaofei , Qin Xiong , Zheng Mingjun , Huang Nanchang , Chen Chaotao , Zhao Jinmin , Zhu Bo
Published: September 2022

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the pretty common primary cancer of the bone among the malignancies in adolescents. A single molecular component or a limited number of molecules is insufficient as a predictive biomarker of OS progression. Hence, it is necessary to find novel network biomarkers to improve the prediction and therapeutic effect for OS. Here, we identified 230 DE-miRNAs and 821 DE-mRNAs through two miRNA expression-profiling datasets and three mRNA expression-profiling datasets. We found that hsa-miR-494 is closely linked with the survival of OS patients. In addition, we analyzed GO and KEGG enrichment for targets of hsa-miR-494-5p and hsa-miR-494-3p through R programming. And five mRNAs were predicted as common targets of hsa-miR-494-5p and hsa-miR-494-3p. We further revealed that upregulated TRPS1 was strongly correlated with poor outcomes in OS patients through the survival analysis based on the TARGET database. The qRT-PCR study verified that the expression of hsa-miR-494-5p and hsa-miR-494-3p was declined considerably, while TRPS1 was notably raised in OS cells when compared to the osteoblasts. Thus, we generated a new regulatory subnetwork of key miRNAs and target mRNAs using Cytoscape software. These results indicate that the novel miRNA-mRNA subnetwork composed of hsa-miR-494-5p, hsa-miR-494-3p, and TRPS1 might be a characteristic molecule for assessing the prognostic value of OS patients.
Changes of Remote Sensing Data in Urban Buildings Based on Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Xue Li , Meng Fanmin , Li Chaoran
Published: September 2022

Remote sensing data refer to remote sensing data sets with typical big data characteristics obtained by various remote sensing technologies. Based on this understanding, massive remote sensing datasets are the main method, and auxiliary data from other sources are integrated. The DN value (digital number) is the brightness value of the remote sensing image pixel and the gray value of the recorded ground objects. Unitless is an integer value. The value is related to the sensor’s radiation resolution, ground object emissivity, atmospheric transmittance, and scattering rate. This study aims to study the neural network algorithm for remote sensing data changes in urban buildings. This study deliberately goes to Tianjin Binhai New Area, taking this as an example to analyze and study the change of construction land. It uses satellite remote sensing data as a basis to analyze the trend of its building land. This study proposes which factors lead to the decline of urban construction land in Tianjin Binhai New Area. Finally, through experimental research and analysis, it is found that from 1996 to 2016, the registered population of Tianjin Binhai New Area has increased a lot, accounting for 26.49% of the total population. The number of urban employees increased by 956,500. This is also the leading factor in the direction of the city for the building.
Edible Vitalmelon Fruit Extract Inhibits Adipogenesis and Ameliorates High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Obesity
Authors: Guo Lu , Park Sun Young , Kang He Mi , Kang Nam Jun , Hwang Dae Youn , Choi Young-Whan
Published: September 2022

Conventional breeding of wild (Cucumis melo var. makuwa Makino (CM)) and cultivated (Cucumis melo var. reticulatus (CR)) melons is aimed at improving their biological traits. Here, we prepared a nontoxic, bioactive extract of vitalmelon (F1 hybrid) and evaluated its antiadipogenic and antiobesity effects in fully differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and high‐fat diet‐ (HFD‐) induced obese C57BL/6 mice. In fully differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes, the vitalmelon extract reduced the DMI‐ (dexamethasone, 3‐isobutyl‐1‐methylxanthine, and insulin‐) induced increases in lipid droplet number and intracellular glucose and triglyceride levels. In addition, the extract inhibited 3T3‐L1 preadipocyte differentiation by downregulating PPAR-γ and target genes LPL, CD36, HMGCR, and L-FABP. To investigate the inhibitory effects of the vitalmelon extract on lipid metabolism, we measured serum lipid, hormone, and cytokine concentrations; lipolytic activity; lipid accumulation; and adipogenesis in HFD‐fed mice treated with the extract. The HFD+vitalmelon‐fed mice showed lower blood cholesterol, free fatty acid, sugar, leptin, and insulin concentrations but higher blood adiponectin concentrations than the HFD‐fed mice. Moreover, the HFD+vitalmelon‐fed mice showed lower abdominal fat levels, smaller fat cells, lower weight, and fewer lipid droplets in the liver tissue than the HFD‐fed mice. Therefore, in HFD‐fed mice, vitalmelon regulated lipid metabolism through PPAR-γ, highlighting its potential as a promising antiobesity functional food.
Analysis of Fractional Thin Film Flow of Third Grade Fluid in Lifting and Drainage via Homotopy Perturbation Procedure
Authors: Qayyum Mubashir , Ismail Farnaz , Shah Syed Inayat Ali , Sohail Muhammad , Asogwa Kanayo Kenneth , Zohra Fatema Tuz
Published: September 2022

Analysis of thin film flows is an important topic in fluid dynamics due to the large number of industrial applications such as food processing, chip manufacturing, irrigation, oil refining process, painting finishing, etc. Analysis involves studying the effects of various parameters in absolute conditions. These parameters may be film thickness, volumetric flux, liquid velocity profile, viscosity, shear stress, gravity, density, and different boundary formations. We have expanded the formulations of non-Newtonian third grade fluid for lifting and draining in fractional space. Fractional calculus along with Homotopy Perturbation Method is used for the solution and analysis purposes. The suitability and consistency of the solutions is determined by detecting residuals in each case. Velocity profile, average velocity, and volume flow for lifting and drainage cases are calculated. To the best of authors knowledge, thin film flow of fractional third grade fluid is not attempted before in lifting and drainage. Investigation shows increase in value of fractional parameter that decreases the velocity profile in lifting while increases the velocity in drainage scenario. Also, the frictional parameter and the gravitational parameter have opposite, while material constant has direct relationship with the velocity profile in lifting case. All the parameters showed inverse effect on the velocity in drainage case.
Improving Node Classification through Convolutional Networks Built on Enhanced Message-Passing Graph
Authors: Song Yu , Lu Shan , Qiu Dehong
Published: September 2022

Enhancing message propagation is critical for solving the problem of node classification in sparse graph with few labels. The recently popularized Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) lacks the ability to propagate messages effectively to distant nodes because of over-smoothing. Besides, the GCN with numerous trainable parameters suffers from overfitting when the labeled nodes are scarce. This article addresses the problem via building GCN on Enhanced Message-Passing Graph (EMPG). The key idea is that node classification can benefit from various variants of the input graph that can propagate messages more efficiently, based on the assumption that the structure of each variant is reasonable when more unlabeled nodes are labeled properly. Specifically, the proposed method first maps the nodes to a latent space through graph embedding that captures the structural information of the input graph. Considering the node attributes together, the proposed method constructs the EMPG by adding connections between the nodes in close proximity in the latent space. With the help of the added connections, the EMPG allows a node to propagate its message to the right nodes at long distances, so that the GCN built on the EMPG need not stack multiple layers. As a result, over-smoothing is avoided. However, dense connections may cause message propagation saturation and lead to overfitting. Seeing the EMPG as an accumulation of some potential variants of the original graph, the proposed method utilizes dropout to extract a group of variants from the EMPG and then builds multichannel GCNs on them. The multichannel features learned from different dropout EMPGs are aggregated to compute the final prediction jointly. The proposed method is flexible, as a brod range of GCNs can be incorporated easily. Additionally, it is efficient and robust. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method yields improvements in node classification.
Machine Translation of Scheduling Joint Optimization Algorithm in Japanese Passive Statistics
Authors: Liu Changsheng
Published: September 2022

Machine translation is different from written translation. How to improve the performance of machine translation has been a research hotspot in current research on machine translation. In this paper, based on the semantic analysis and research of Japanese passive, a joint optimization algorithm of scheduling has been proposed, and the machine translation of Japanese passive has been studied. At present, machine translation is more and more widely used. Machine translation has solved many vocabulary problems, and it can complete a large amount of translation work and save a lot of manual translation time. While improving the translation speed, in the process of Japanese passive translation, it is also found that direct machine translation shows many shortcomings, and the quality of passive translation is not particularly ideal, exposing the basic problems of machine translation, such as semantic errors, syntactic errors, unclear and rigid expressions, and messy structures. In response to the problems above, this paper has improved the machine translation model for scheduling joint optimization algorithms. The paper has proposed several optimization algorithms and used resource awareness and computing power scheduling algorithms to conduct experimental analysis of translation performance. Finally, it is found that, among the two scheduling optimization algorithms, the resource-aware scheduling algorithm has better performance. With the same data, the resource-aware scheduling algorithm has saved 15.5% of the time compared with the computing power scheduling algorithm, and the accuracy of Japanese passive translation was 6%, 5%, and 21% higher than the computing power scheduling algorithm under different data volumes. Not only has the time taken been shortened, but the translation accuracy has also been improved.
You Are Revoked and Out: Towards Directly Revocable Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption
Authors: Yang Feng , Liu Limin , You Weijing , Jing Jiwu
Published: September 2022

Ciphertext-policy attributed-based encryption (CP-ABE) is considered as a promising cryptographic primitive to enable fine-grained access control over encrypted data. Throughout the life circle of the data encrypted with CP-ABE, every single data user might opt out or be identified to be malicious and hence should be revoked to keep continuous access control over sensitive data. In this study, we propose a directly revocable CP-ABE with backward and forward secrecy, which means that a revoked user cannot successfully decrypt ciphertexts after sufficient revocation while valid users will not be disturbed. Combined with an effective proxy mechanism, the proposed scheme delegates complete workloads of re-encryption and ciphertext updating to a semi-trusted third party (e.g., a cloud service provider). In addition, even collusion among users is useless in our construction, which is not well addressed in previous works. The security analysis indicates that the presented CP-ABE is selectively secure against chosen-plaintext attacks in the standard model, and the performance analysis demonstrates that our proposal is practical compared with existing schemes.
Volunteer Service Participation Emergency Management Information Collection Platform Based on Big Data Technology
Authors: Wang Daqing
Published: September 2022

In order to fully integrate various emergency management information resources for volunteer service, the author proposes a volunteer service participation in emergency management information collection platform based on big data technology. Taking a municipal government as an example, the current situation of information integration in emergency management is investigated and studied, the needs of various departments are analyzed through interviews and questionnaires, and the problems existing in the government’s information integration are studied. It tries to build a scientific, reasonable, and operational government information integration model based on theories of government information disclosure, government emergency management, and metadata technology. The survey results show the following observation: In the survey results of “the reasons that affect the integration of emergency linkage information of a city government,” the first place is the poor information communication channels between departments, accounting for 22.7%; The second and the third are “administrative system restrictions” and “protection of the interests of the department,” accounting for 21.4% and 19.4%, respectively. It is worth noting that the technical problem of information management is also one of the important factors affecting the government’s emergency response management, accounting for 19.1%. Conclusion. This study analyzes the main shortcomings and reasons of the existing sharing models, so as to construct a reasonable information sharing work model.
Evaluation of the Antibacterial Effect of Xylene, Chloroform, Eucalyptol, and Orange Oil on Enterococcus faecalis in Nonsurgical Root Canal Retreatment: An Ex Vivo Study
Authors: Aminsobhani Mohsen , Razmi Hassan , Hamidzadeh Fatemeh , Rezaei Avval Arvin
Published: September 2022

Objectives. The present ex vivo study is aimed at evaluating the antibacterial efficacy of chloroform, eucalyptol, orange oil, and xylene against E. faecalis biofilm during nonsurgical root canal retreatment. Materials and Methods. Eighty single‐rooted teeth were instrumented. The samples were autoclaved, infected with E. faecalis for 4 weeks, and obturated with gutta‐percha. Then the teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 20): (1) chloroform, (2) eucalyptol, (3) orange oil, and (4) xylene. In all of the groups, gutta‐percha removal was conducted according to the same protocol although the solvent used in each group was different. Bacterial samples were collected after gutta‐percha removal and following additional apical enlargement. Intergroup and intragroup analyses were conducted using one‐way ANOVA combined with the post hoc Tukey test and the paired‐sample t‐test, respectively. Statistical significance was set to 0.05. Results. All of the groups showed more than 99% bacterial load reduction. The least bacterial load after gutta‐percha removal was observed in the chloroform group (p < 0.001). The orange oil group showed a significantly lower bacterial load compared to the eucalyptol group (p = 0.001), while it was not different from the xylene group (p = 0.953). The xylene group also had a significantly lower bacterial load compared with the eucalyptol group (p = 0.017). After apical enlargement, the chloroform group had a significantly lower bacterial load compared to the other groups. The comparison of bacterial load values before and after apical enlargement in the chloroform and eucalyptol groups showed a statistically significant difference (pcholoroform = 0.011, peucalyptol = 0.001). Conclusion. Chloroform was the most effective solvent in terms of antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis followed by orange oil and xylene, which were not significantly different though, and eucalyptol. All of the solvents showed more than 99% bacterial load reduction. Chloroform and xylene revealed to be associated with favorable antibiofilm activity among the examined solvents.
Optimization of Vehicle Paths considering Carbon Emissions in a Time-Varying Road Network
Authors: Ye Chong , Liu Fang , Ou YuKun , Xu Zeyu
Published: September 2022

Regarding the study of the time-dependent green vehicle path problem (TDGVRP), most of the literature uses the step function to represent the vehicle speed change in order to reduce the computation, ignoring the continuity of vehicle speed, which leads to the lack of accurate carbon emissions measurement. This study represents the vehicle speed variation as a continuous function to make the constructed model more consistent with the actual situation, in order to promote the reduction of carbon emissions generated in the logistics and distribution process, improve the greenhouse effect and ecological environment, and ultimately promote sustainable development. In this paper, a simulated annealing-genetic hybrid algorithm (GA-SA) is proposed to solve the constructed optimization model, and two sets of comparison experiments are designed. The experimental results show that compared with the two classical algorithms, the simulated annealing-genetic hybrid algorithm (GA-SA) has better solution performance, inherits the robustness and potential parallelism of the genetic algorithm, and has a higher practical value. Meanwhile, although the total driving distance of the vehicle path considering carbon emissions increases by 3.52 km, the carbon emission cost and the total cost decrease by 5.6% and 3.4%, respectively, which confirms that the path optimization model considering carbon emissions constructed in this study can not only play the role of restraining carbon emissions but also reduce the total distribution cost and the waste of resources. In this study, a continuous function is used to represent the vehicle speed variation, and two classical optimization algorithms (the genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm) are combined and parameter-optimized, and certain innovations are made in the processing of vehicle speed and the solution algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the model and algorithm is verified by experiments.
Integrated Analysis of Multiomics Data Identified Molecular Subtypes and Oxidative Stress-Related Prognostic Biomarkers in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Ma Yawen , Xi Zhuo
Published: September 2022

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a glioma in IV stage, which is one of the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults. GBM has the characters of high invasiveness, high recurrence rate, and low survival rate and with a poor prognosis. GBM implicates various genetic changes and epigenetic and gene transcription disorders, which are crucial in developing GBM. With the progression and enhancement of high-throughput sequencing technologies, the acquirement and administering approaches of diverse biological omics data on distinctive levels are developing more advanced. However, the research of GBM with multiomics remains largely unknown. We identified GBM-related molecular subtypes by integrated multiomics data and exploring the connections of gene copy number variation (CNV) and methylation gene (MET) change data. The expression of CNV and MET genes was examined through cluster integration analysis. The present study confirmed three clusters (iC1, iC2, and iC3) with distinctive prognosis and molecule peculiarities. We also recognized three oxidative stress protecting molecules (OSMR, IGFBP6, and MYBPH) by contrasting gene expression, MET, and CNV in the three subtypes. OSMR, IGFBP6, and MYBPH were differentially expressed in the clusters, suggesting they might be recognized as characteristic markers for the three clusters in GBM. Through integrative investigation of genomics, epigenomics, and transcriptomics, we offer novel visions into the multilayered molecules of GBM and facilitate the accuracy remedy for GBM sufferers.
Modernism, Identity, and Spirituality in Joseph Stella’s Paintings of Christian Subjects
Authors: Hartel Herbert R.
Published: September 2022

Joseph Stella is best known today as one of the first modernist painters in the United States. He created colorful Cubist-Futurist inspired paintings of modern urban structures and spaces, especially the Brooklyn Bridge and Coney Island. He occasionally did some paintings and drawings of Christian subjects, most often of the Virgin Mary and Jesus and more frequently in the late-1910s and 1920s, but these remain little-known and have received scant scholarly attention. Stylistically, they are rooted in a complex fusion of Symbolism, Cubism, and Futurism and often reflect the post-World War I return to greater verisimilitude and clear, solid forms and believable spaces. These works reveal Stella’s complex spirituality and how he reconnected to his Roman Catholic, Italian roots and reconciled them with American urban, industrial, and secular values. Most of them are complex syntheses of his Christian piety and sexual desires and needs. Although limited in quantity and scope, some writings by Stella and those who knew him suggest his sexual concerns were often intensely lustful and frenzied. Therefore his paintings of the Madonna usually show her as spiritually pure and sensuously arousing. A few paintings, particular from his last years and which do not depict female figures, are more introspective and tranquil in mood and attitude. Stella’s paintings of Christian subjects are an intriguing case study of how modernists returned to traditional religious themes and depicted them in ways that combined the old and the new, the modernist and the more traditionally representational, and the urban and industrial twentieth century with pre-modern life.
Two new species of the snake eel genus Bascanichthys (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from the northwestern Pacific
Authors: HIBINO YUSUKE , YAMASHITA KENTA , SAKURAI YOU , HO HSUAN-CHING
Published: September 2022

Two new species of the elongate snake eel genus Bascanichthys are described from the northwestern Pacific. Bascanichthys kabeyawan sp. nov. is described based on a single specimen collected from estuary of southern Taiwan. It is characterized by having head 4.6% TL; tail 52.3% TL; body depth at gill opening 1.1% TL; predorsal-fin length 58.4% HL; snout length 10.9% HL; body bicolored, head without bands; lateral-line pores anterior to anus 104; vertebral formula 4-103-224. Bascanichthys ryukyuensis sp. nov. is described based on two specimens collected from the shallow water of Okinawa-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands of southern Japan. It is characterized by having head 3.7–4.3% TL; tail 43.3–44.2% TL; predorsal-fin length 40.7–45.4% HL; snout length 11.3–13.1% HL; body pale brown, head without distinct dark bands after preservation; lateral-line pores anterior to anus 114–118; total vertebrae 207–216, mean vertebral formula 2-116-212; and dorsal-fin origin before middle of head.
Hemimyzon yushanensis, a new species of balitorid fish (Teleostei: Baltiordae) from southern Taiwan
Authors: CHEN I-SHIUNG , HAREFA TONISMAN , CHANG YUNG-CHING , HAN CHIAO-CHUAN
Published: September 2022

The new balitorid fish was collected in the Kaoping river basin from southern Taiwan. The new balitorid, Hemimyzon yushanensis n. sp. can be well distinguished from other congeneric species by following combination of features: (1) dorsal fin rays 3 + 8; pectoral fin rays 11-13 + 9-11 (total 22-23; modally 22); (2) lateral-line scales 69-72 (modally 70); predorsal scales 25-30 (26-27); (3) pelvic fin moderate large, extending to rear vertical of dorsal fin; (4) the position of anus with larger distance of pelvic rear tip to anus about 1.2-1.7 times of that of anus to anal fin origin; and (5) specific coloration: predrorsal region and head with rounded creamy yellow spots, pectoral and pelvic fins with several small whitish spots on greenish brown background. The morphological comparison of congeners and diagnostic key of Taiwanese species would be also provided in this paper.
The Christmas Miracle of Emil von Behring
Authors: Nakayama Don K.
Published: September 2022

The foundation story of immunology is the Christmas miracle of Emil von Behring, whose diphtheria antitoxin was first used to save the life of a child on Christmas Day 1891. Modern scholarship has dismissed it as historically and scientifically implausible: Behring’s lab did not have enough antitoxin serum for use in humans, and Ernst von Bergmann had prohibited its use at the Charité.

But antitoxin was tried that December by their assistants, Erich Wernicke, who processed injected rams and horses and harvested the serum for Behring, and Heinrich Geissler, who was one of Bergmann’s house physicians. Especially during the Christmas season, it is easy to imagine Wernicke and Geissler bypassing protocol and giving the serum a try as a last-ditch effort to save a dying child. Derek Linton, a Behring biographer, wrote:

A harried nurse confronted by a dying infant belatedly remembers that a doctor with a promising remedy for diphtheria urged her to bring hopeless cases to his attention and has him roused from his slumber on the other side of Berlin in the middle of the night on December 20, 1891. The injection of his wonder serum then rapidly resuscitates the comatose infant. Five days later, the parents celebrate the most joyous Christmas of their lives with their fully recovered daughter.
Construction of a Carcinoembryonic Antigen Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Aptamer Sensor Based on the Silver Nanorod Array Chip
Authors: Li Rui , Li Lijun , Zhang Yan , Lin Xin , Guo Heyuanxi , Lin Chubing , Feng Jun
Published: September 2022

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a cancer-related tumor marker, which is commonly used for preventive screening, auxiliary diagnosis, and recurrence monitoring. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a new CEA detection method. In this paper, we developed an SERS aptasensor for CEA based on silver nanorod array chip, thiol aptamer, and 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid (4-MPBA). The silver nanorod array chip modified by CEA thiol aptamer (aptamer-SH) was used as SERS capture substrates. Ag@4-MPBA was used as a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) tag. This proposed SERS aptasensor could detect CEA down to 0.447 pg·mL−1 with a wide linear range from 1 pg·mL−1 to 100 ng·mL−1 (R2 = 0.9907). The recovery of the standard addition test for CEA in serum was between 97.25% and 102.67%, and the RSD ≤ 2.52% ( n = 3). The sensor has the advantages of good specificity, high sensitivity, and a wide linear range. It provides a new method for the detection of CEA in serum.
Serial Measurement of Interleukin-6 Enhances Chance to Exclude Early-Onset Sepsis in Very Preterm Infants
Authors: Berka Ivan , Korček Peter , Straňák Zbyněk
Published: September 2022

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the reliability of peak interleukin-6 (IL-6) level within 24 hours after delivery as a predictor for early-onset sepsis (EOS) in very preterm neonates. Interleukin-6 was assessed at 2 hours and at 12 to 24 hours after delivery. The highest level was considered a peak value. The definition of EOS was based on positive blood culture and clinical signs of infection or negative blood culture, clinical signs of infection, and C-reactive protein >10 mg/L. Among 445 enrolled infants, 53 developed EOS. A peak IL-6 level of more than 200 ng/L had a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 77% for the presence of EOS. The negative predictive value was 98%. Receiver operating characteristics curve had area under the curve of 0.92. Peak IL-6 is a reliable marker of systemic inflammatory response and might be useful to exclude EOS within the first 24 hours.
Robust motion estimation with user-independent sEMG features extracted by correlated components analysis
Authors: Zhang Song , Lin Jianeng , You Yugen , Yu Ningbo , Han Jianda
Published: September 2022

Motion estimation from surface electromyogram (sEMG) signals has been studied extensively over the past decades. Nevertheless, it is challenging for novel subjects to adapt to a trained estimation model since sEMG signals inherently contain user-dependent features that interfere with the estimation model and reduce the estimation accuracy. To achieve accurate motion estimation, a strategy of correlated components analysis-based random forest regressor (CorrCA-RFG) was proposed. The proposed CorrCA-RFG firstly uses CorrCA to extract user-independent features related to motion among multiple subjects, and obtain the projection vectors from sEMG data to the motion-dependent feature space. Then, the RFG is trained by the user-independent sEMG features and establishes the estimation model. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed CorrCA-RFG, this strategy was tested on a public dataset and an experimental study and compared to three methods, namely random forest regressor (RFG), canonical components analysis-based random forest regressor (CCA-RFG), and a convolutional neural network (CNN). For both cases, the estimation performance of the CorrCA-RFG outperformed the other three methods. These results demonstrate that the proposed CorrCA-RFG enables robust motion estimation by extracting user-independent sEMG features.
A wheel slip ratio constraint control for ABS based on Tangent Type Barrier Lyapunov Function
Authors: Wang Dapeng , Liu Shaogang , Wei Xiuping , He Youguo
Published: September 2022

This paper is concerned with the problem of a wheel slip ratio constraint control for the Antilock Braking System (ABS) with external interferences and state constraints. A quarter vehicle braking model with uncertainties is considered, and a constraint control method based on Tangent Type Barrier Lyapunov Function (Tan-BLF) is designed. In addition, due to the selection of the appropriate adaptive control rate, the designed control method can quickly track the ideal slip ratio and ensure that the slip ratio for ABS is always constrained in the stable region even if there are uncertainties in the control system and unknown external disturbances. The simulation results show that the control scheme proposed in this paper, compared with the traditional QLF controller scheme, can make the vehicle wheel slip rate stable at the optimal value early and keep it in the optimal range from the beginning of the simulation, thus reducing the braking distance and braking time of the vehicle, which means that the vehicle can avoid wheel locking. And the adaptive rate is always bounded.
The Function of the Proprioceptive, Vestibular and Visual Systems Following Fatigue in Individuals With and Without Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Steinberg Nili , Elias Gal , Zeev Aviva , Witchalls Jeremy , Waddington Gordon
Published: September 2022

To maintain postural balance, the proprioceptive, vestibular, and visual systems continuously provide body position and movement data to the central nervous system. In this study, our main aim was to examine, for the first time, the influence of anaerobically or aerobically induced fatigue on these separate functions in persons with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI). We obtained assessments pre- and post-fatigue protocols from 60 physical education students ( Mage = 24.3, SD = 3.4) Twenty-seven students had CAI, and 33 students did not have CAI). To measure proprioception, we used the AMEDA device; for vision, we used near point of convergence (NPC); and, for vestibular function, we used subjective visual vertical (SVV). We found a pre-post proprioception (AMEDA) effect in the aerobic group ( p < .001), and a visual (NPC) effect in both anaerobic and aerobic participant groups (both p < .001). There were no visual system (NPC) fatigue effect differences among aerobic or anerobic participants who had or did not have CAI ( p = .047); there was a significant aerobic fatigue effect on proprioception (AMEDA) ( p = .010) that favored participants without CAI. There was a significant interaction effect between time of testing and CAI for visual (NPC) ( p = .003) in the aerobic group only. In both the anaerobic and aerobic groups, post-fatigue vestibular function (AMEDA) was significantly lower for those with than those without CAI (anaerobic: p = .030; and aerobic: p =.016). Thus, post-fatigue, participants with CAI showed worse proprioceptive, visual, and vestibular function than those without CAI. Future investigators should further examine each movement sense system in individuals with CAI.
The crisis in British Christian social thought: evidencing the need for a new ‘empirical political theology’
Authors: Davis Francis
Published: September 2022

Analysing Christian contributions to academic and public debates since Faith in the City, this article suggests that there is a crisis in British ‘political theology’. It arises because it is narrowly conceived even by its strongest advocates. Contrary to the expansive claims made by political theologians, it suggests, rather, that they have deliberately narrowed the field to make it fit with their constrained encounter with the political and their longing for a welfare consensus that has passed. This in turn has left them entirely unengaged with the complex realm of governance between the inputs of words and the outcomes of policy choices – in short, they have absented ‘political theology’ from public leadership, public finance, political anthropology, changing governance and the everyday life of states and churches in societies. Exploring four brief counterpoints or sites of enquiry across contrasting settings, the article makes the case for a fresh ‘empirical political theology’ to expand the field once again and to reconnect it concretely to the constantly moving and dynamic challenges that the most vulnerable face and regarding which churches ought properly to be able to more credibly evidence their care, advocacy and empowerment with the vulnerable.
Can school climate or peer preference moderate the adjustment difficulties associated with peer victimization among Chinese middle school students?
Authors: Wang Cixin , Yao Jocelyn , Patel Ami , Li Beilei
Published: September 2022

Most research on peer victimization has focused on Western samples, but in recent years peer victimization in China has become more prevalent. As a result, limited information is available on how peer victimization, school climate, peer preference, and adjustment difficulties impact Chinese middle school students. This cross-sectional study explored these relations. With a sample of 734 7th and 8th-grade students (54.1% male, 45.8% female) from two middle schools in Beijing, China, findings revealed that peer victimization and peer preference predicted adjustment difficulties; however, school climate did not. Although peer preference was not a significant moderator of the association between peer victimization and adjustment difficulties, school climate significantly moderated the relation between relational peer victimization and adjustment difficulties. Limitations, future directions, and implications are further discussed.
Centering the contributions, perspectives, and experiences of Black school psychologists: Commentary on Proctor (2022)
Authors: Grapin Sally L.
Published: September 2022

This commentary offers a reflection on Proctor's (2022) contribution to the special issue. In particular, it focuses on three primary threads: (a) centering Black voices in school psychology's history; b) applying an anti-racist lens to recruitment and retention research and practices; and c) recognizing the role of historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in advancing school psychology. Future directions for school psychology research and practice are discussed.
A Case of Mediastinal Emphysema Following Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Nasrollahi Tasha , Borrelli Michela , Raskin Jonathan , Wrobel Bozena B.
Published: September 2022

Mediastinal emphysema is an extremely rare and potentially fatal complication of endoscopic sinus surgery. The case presented involves a 73-year-old man who developed mediastinal emphysema following endoscopic sinus surgery for severe sinonasal polyposis. We describe the multiple etiologies that may have contributed to his condition including possible microtrauma at the time of intubation or during intubation, microfracture of the orbital wall/lamina papyracea, and severe hiccups.
Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss after opioid overdose in an adolescent male
Authors: Richard Kelsey , Smetak Miriam R. , Peterson April , Phillips James , Virgin Frank
Published: September 2022

Opioid-induced hearing loss has been described as a form of sudden sensorineural hearing loss that can occur with chronic or acute opioid use. Here, we report a case of a 16-year-old patient with sudden onset hearing loss after opioid overdose requiring prolonged intubation with fentanyl sedation.
Leading the Board in a Crisis: Strategy and Performance Implications of Board Chair Directive Leadership
Authors: Krause Ryan , Withers Michael C. , Waller Mary J.
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted nearly every boardroom in the world. However, neither the extant leadership literature nor the corporate governance literature offers succinct guidance on what constitutes effective board leadership during such a calamity. To address this theoretical and practical need, we develop a moderated mediation model, in which directive leadership from the board chair promotes competitive simplification at the onset of the crisis, which in turn promotes firm financial performance during the crisis. Using survey responses from 120 directors of U.S. public firms in Spring of 2020, combined with firm-level archival data from multiple sources and time periods, we find support for this mediated relationship—but only if the chair is not CEO. If the chair is CEO, we find no evidence of a positive relationship between directive leadership and either competitive simplification or firm financial performance; rather, we find some evidence of a negative relationship. We explore the implications of these findings for the theory and practice of corporate governance and crisis management.
Availability, awareness, and utilization of assistive technologies among students with visual impairment: The case of Haramaya University, Ethiopia
Authors: Dabi Gezie Ketema , Golga Dawit Negassa
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore the availability, awareness, and utilization of assistive technologies among students with visual impairment (SVIs) in higher education institutions in Ethiopia by taking one of the oldest universities in the country as a case. To this end, the study employed instrumental case study design. Five undergraduate SVIs, two special needs educators, an AT service-delivery facilitator, and the resource center coordinator were purposively selected from Haramaya University. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and an observation checklist. The collected data were analyzed by using thematic analysis method and three overarching themes were generated inductively: knowledge and understanding about assistive technologies, availability and access to assistive technology devices and services, and utilization and management of assistive technologies. The study findings show that a lack of awareness among SVIs, instructors, and practitioners in the field; an improper organizational arrangement that dichotomize and diverge student disability services provision from trained professionals in the area; and the absence of policies and guidelines for managing assistive technologies had a negative impact on the availability and utilization of assistive technologies in the University. Thus, it is recommend that the University management, special needs educators, and other concerned stakeholders devise a means to equitably avail assistive technology devices and services for SVIs in the University accompanied by a planned training on its utilization and a coordinated management for sustainability of service delivery.
Models of inter-election change in partisan vote share
Authors: Wilson Mark C. , Grofman Bernard N.
Published: September 2022

For a two-party electoral competition in a districted legislature, the change in mean vote share for party A from one election to the next is commonly referred to as swing. A key question, highly relevant to election forecasting and the measurement of partisan gerrymandering, is: “How do we expect the swing to be distributed across the districts as a function of previous vote share?”.

The literature gives two main answers: uniform swing and proportional swing. Which is better has been unresolved for decades. Here we (a) provide an axiomatic foundation for desirable properties of a model of swing; (b) show axiomatically that using uniform swing or proportional swing is a bad idea, (c) provide a simple swing model that does satisfy the axioms, and (d) show how to integrate a reversion to the mean effect into models swing.

We show that all the above models can be expected to work well when (a) elections are close, or (b) when we restrict to data where swing is low, or (c) when we eliminate the cases where the model is most likely to go wrong. We show on a large US Congressional dataset that in addition to its superior axiomatic properties, our new model provides an overall equal or better fit on five indicators: mistakes about directionality of change, mistakes in winner, estimates that are outside the [0..1] bounds, mean-square error, and correlation between actual and predicted values. We recommend replacing the uniform and proportional swing models with the new model.
Stress ratio effect on crack growth behavior of dissimilar friction stir welded butt joint between AA6061 and AA7075 alloys
Authors: Gope Aditya , Kandwal Abhishek , Gope Prakash Chandra
Published: September 2022

Many engineering components are subjected to random nature of loading during their life period. In this work, the fatigue crack growth in friction stir welded dissimilar AA6061 and AA7075 was investigated under different stress ratio. AA6061 was kept on the advancing side due to having a higher solidus temperature and softer than AA7075 for smooth material flow. The microstructure characterization, tensile and crack growth behavior was studied. It was observed that the joint material exhibited lower strength and ductility as compared to the base material. About 41%, 34%, and 66% reduction in tensile strength, yield strength, and percentage of elongation as compared to AA6061 (base material) were observed. About 27% higher hardness in the HAZ of retreating side than the advancing side was noticed. The crack deflection and tortuosity features were observed in the fatigue fractured specimens. In this paper, a comparative study using different crack growth models has been studied and a simple crack growth rate equation has been proposed considering the crack closure effect.