bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICABILITY OF VARIOUS INTERPOLATION APPROACHES FOR HIGH RESOLUTION SPATIAL MAPPING OF CLIMATE DATA IN KOREA
Authors: Jo A. , Ryu J. , Chung H. , Choi Y. , Jeon S.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to create a new dataset of spatially interpolated monthly climate data for South Korea at high spatial resolution (approximately 30m) by performing various spatio-statistical interpolation and comparing with forecast LDAPS gridded climate data provided from Korea Meterological Administration (KMA). Automatic Weather System (AWS) and Automated Synoptic Observing System (ASOS) data in 2017 obtained from KMA were included for the spatial mapping of temperature and rainfall; instantaneous temperature and 1-hour accumulated precipitation at 09:00 am on 31th March, 21th June, 23th September, and 24th December. Among observation data, 80 percent of the total point (478) and remaining 120 points were used for interpolations and for quantification, respectively. With the training data and digital elevation model (DEM) with 30 m resolution, inverse distance weighting (IDW), co-kriging, and kriging were performed by using ArcGIS10.3.1 software and Python 3.6.4. Bias and root mean square were computed to compare prediction performance quantitatively. When statistical analysis was performed for each cluster using 20 % validation data, co kriging was more suitable for spatialization of instantaneous temperature than other interpolation method. On the other hand, IDW technique was appropriate for spatialization of precipitation.
ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL URBAN TEMPERATURE TRENDS AND URBANIZATION IMPACTS
Authors: Lee K. I. , Ryu J. , Jeon S. W.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Due to urbanization, urban areas are shrinking green spaces and increasing concrete, asphalt pavement. So urban climates are different from non-urban areas. In addition, long-term macroscopic studies of urban climate change are becoming more important as global urbanization affects global warming. To do this, it is necessary to analyze the effect of urbanization on the temporal change in urban temperature with the same temperature data and standards for urban areas around the world. In this study, time series analysis was performed with the maximum, minimum, mean and standard values of surface temperature during the from 1980 to 2010 and analyzed the effect of urbanization through linear regression analysis with variables (population, night light, NDVI, urban area). As a result, the minimum value of the surface temperature of the urban area reflects an increase by a rate of 0.28K decade-1 over the past 31 years, the maximum value reflects an increase by a rate of 0.372K decade-1, the mean value reflects an increase by a rate of 0.208 decade-1, and the standard deviation reflects a decrease by rate of 0.023K decade-1. And the change of surface temperature in urban areas is affected by urbanization related to land cover such as decrease of greenery and increase of pavement area, but socioeconomic variables are less influential than NDVI in this study. This study are expected to provide an approach to future research and policy-planning for urban temperature change and urbanization impacts.
MONITORING CHANGES OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES SUPPLY AND DEMAND PATTERN IN CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN LIAONING URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS, CHINA USING LANDSAT IMAGES
Authors: Li B. , Huang F. , Chang S. , Qi H. , Zhai H.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Indentifying the spatio-temporal patterns of ecosystem services supply and demand and the driving forces is of great significance to the regional ecological security and sustainable socio-economic development. Due to long term and high-intensity development, the ecological environment in central and southern Liaoning urban agglomerations has been greatly destroyed thereafter has restricted sustainable development in this region. Based on Landsat ETM and OLI images, land use of this urban agglomeration in 2005, 2010 and 2015 was extracted. The integrative index of multiple-ecosystem services (IMES) was used to quantify the supply (IMESs), demand (IMESd) and balance (IMESb) of multiple-ecosystem services, The spatial patterns of ecosystem services and its dynamics for the period of 2005–2015 were revealed. The multiple regression and stepwise regression analysis were used to explore relationships between ecosystem services and socioeconomic factors. The results showed that the IMESs of the region increased by 2.93 %, whereas IMESd dropped 38 %. The undersupplied area was reduced to 2. The IMESs and IMESb were mainly negatively correlated with gross domestic product (GDP), population density, foreign investment and industrial output, while GDP per capita and the number of teachers had significant positive impacts on ecosystem services supply. The positive correlation between IMESd and GDP, population density and foreign investment were found. The ecosystem services models were established. Supply and balance of multiple-ecosystem services were positively correlated with population density, but the demand was the opposite. The results can provide some reference value for the coordinately economic and ecological development in the study area.
COMPARISON OF THE LINEAR AND THE NON-LINEAR BLOCK ADJUSTMENT ON SATELLITE IMAGES RESEARCH
Authors: Li C. , Chen C. , Guo Z. , Liu Q.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The Rational Function Model （RFM） is a non-linear model. Usually, the RFM-based satellite image block adjustment uses the Taylor series to expand error equations, and then solves the linear model. Theoretically, linearization of a non-linear model affects the accuracy and reliability of the adjustment result. This paper presents linear and non-linear methods for solving the RFM-based block adjustment,and takes ZiYuan3 (ZY-3) satellite imagery block adjustment as an example, using same check points to assess the accuracy of the two methods. In this paper, a non-linear least square method is used for solving the RFM-based block adjustment, which expands a solution to the block adjustment.
RADIOMETRIC CROSS-CALIBRATION OF GAOFEN-1 WFV CAMERAS WITH LANDSAT-8 OLI AND MODIS SENSORS BASED ON RADIATION AND GEOMETRY MATCHING
Authors: Li J. , Wu Z. , Wei X. , Zhang Y. , Feng F. , Guo F.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Cross-calibration has the advantages of high precision, low resource requirements and simple implementation. It has been widely used in recent years. The four wide-field-of-view (WFV) cameras on-board Gaofen-1 satellite provide high spatial resolution and wide combined coverage (4 × 200 km) without onboard calibration. In this paper, the four-band radiometric cross-calibration coefficients of WFV1 camera were obtained based on radiation and geometry matching taking Landsat 8 OLI (Operational Land Imager) sensor as reference. Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) feature detection method and distance and included angle weighting method were introduced to correct misregistration of WFV-OLI image pair. The radiative transfer model was used to eliminate difference between OLI sensor and WFV1 camera through the spectral match factor (SMF). The near-infrared band of WFV1 camera encompasses water vapor absorption bands, thus a Look Up Table (LUT) for SMF varies from water vapor amount is established to estimate the water vapor effects. The surface synchronization experiment was designed to verify the reliability of the cross-calibration coefficients, which seem to perform better than the official coefficients claimed by the China Centre for Resources Satellite Data and Application (CCRSDA).
VEGETATION MONITORING BY REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY FOR UNINHABITED ISLANDS OF THE XISHA ISLANDS
Authors: Li L. , Guo Y. , Wu X.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The Xisha islands are tropical coral islands in the south sea of China, with special ecological environment. As far away from the inland, they are more sensitive to climate change than inland, and are looked as the window to reflect global environment changes. Since Sansha city established, some of islands were developed. The uninhabited islands are decreasing. To discover the changes of uninhabited islands become more impending. In order to find out the natural status of uninhabited islands, monitoring four years vegetation change of 2002, 2010, 2013 and 2016. In addition, monitoring the typical uninhabited island and sandbar vegetation by making the most of existed high resolution remote sensing data, nine years from 2002 to 2013 and six months in 2012. The results show that the sandbars are in stable growth stage, especially after 2010, the vegetation start appeared. Meanwhile, analysis the vegetation variation of the uninhabited islands and sandbars.
A NOVEL DEEP CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR SPECTRAL–SPATIAL CLASSIFICATION OF HYPERSPECTRAL DATA
Authors: Li N. , Wang C. , Zhao H. , Gong X. , Wang D.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Spatial and spectral information are obtained simultaneously by hyperspectral remote sensing. Joint extraction of these information of hyperspectral image is one of most import methods for hyperspectral image classification. In this paper, a novel deep convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed, which extracts spectral-spatial information of hyperspectral images correctly. The proposed model not only learns sufficient knowledge from the limited number of samples, but also has powerful generalization ability. The proposed framework based on three-dimensional convolution can extract spectral-spatial features of labeled samples effectively. Though CNN has shown its robustness to distortion, it cannot extract features of different scales through the traditional pooling layer that only have one size of pooling window. Hence, spatial pyramid pooling (SPP) is introduced into three-dimensional local convolutional filters for hyperspectral classification. Experimental results with a widely used hyperspectral remote sensing dataset show that the proposed model provides competitive performance.
BUILDING DAMAGE EXTRACTION TRIGGERED BY EARTHQUAKE USING THE UAV IMAGERY
Authors: Li S. , Tang H.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. When extracting building damage information, we can only determine whether the building is collapsed using the post-earthquake satellite images. Even the satellite images have the sub-meter resolution, the identification of slightly damaged buildings is still a challenge. As the complementary data to satellite images, the UAV images have unique advantages, such as stronger flexibility and higher resolution. In this paper, according to the spectral feature of UAV images and the morphological feature of the reconstructed point clouds, the building damage was classified into four levels: basically intact buildings, slightly damaged buildings, partially collapsed buildings and totally collapsed buildings, and give the rules of damage grades. In particular, the slightly damaged buildings are determined using the detected roof-holes. In order to verify the approach, we conduct experimental simulations in the cases of Wenchuan and Ya’an earthquakes. By analyzing the post-earthquake UAV images of the two earthquakes, the building damage was classified into four levels, and the quantitative statistics of the damaged buildings is given in the experiments.
EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK FOR DISASTERS MANAGEMENT IN VENEZUELA
Authors: Burguillos C. , Deng H.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The integration and use of different space technology applications for disasters management, play an important role at the time of prevents the causes and mitigates the effects of the natural disasters. Nevertheless, the space technology counts with the appropriate technological resources to provide the accurate and timely information required to support in the decision making in case of disasters. Considering the aforementioned aspects, in this research is presented the design and implementation of an Emergency Communications Network for Disasters Management in Venezuela. Network based on the design of a topology that integrates the satellites platforms in orbit operation under administration of Venezuelan state, such as: the communications satellite VENESAT-1 and the remote sensing satellites VRSS-1 and VRSS-2; as well as their ground stations with the aim to implement an emergency communications network to be activated in case of disasters which affect the public and private communications infrastructures in Venezuela. In this regard, to design the network several technical and operational specifications were formulated, between them: Emergency Strategies to Maneuver the VRSS-1 and VRSS-2 satellites for optimal images capture and processing, characterization of the VENESAT-1 transponders and radiofrequencies for emergency communications services, technologies solutions formulation and communications links design for disaster management. As result, the emergency network designed allows to put in practice diverse communications technologies solutions and different scheme or media for images exchange between the areas affected for disasters and the entities involved in the disasters management tasks, providing useful data for emergency response and infrastructures recovery.
AN INTERFEROMETRIC PROCESSING METHOD TO MAINTAIN BOTH ACCURACY AND RESOLUTION OF DEM USING GAOFEN-3 SAR DATA
Authors: Li T. , Tang X. , Gao X. , Chen Q. , Zhang X. , Guo L.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Gaofen-3 (GF-3) is the only in-orbit SAR satellite of China civilian fields. It is designed especially for ocean observation but not for interferometric applications. However, during the past one and a half years, the orbits of the satellite were adjusted for several times to ensure that the perpendicular baseline is short enough to provide interferograms. In this paper, we used the multi-look iteration algorithm to analyze the DEM obtained from InSAR. We first provide the theory of the method by considering the relationship between multi-look factor and the interferometric phase gradient. Then the GF-3 data as well as TanDEM-X data covering Songshan Mountain are taken for experiments. We use both the GCP data as well as the SRTM DEM for reference. The root-mean-square (RMS) values of TanDEM-X DEM assessed using GCP are 9.4 m, 9.3 m and 8.3 m with reference to ML factors of 8 × 8, 4 × 4 and 2 × 2, respectively. If we assess using SRTM, the corresponding RMS are 1.7 m, 5.4 m and 5.4 m. The result is opposite to that obtained using GCP given that the grid size of SRTM DEM is 90 m. The larger the ML factor, the more similar the calculated DEM to SRTM. RMS of GF-3 DEM compared to GCP is 10.2 m, 13.0 m and 13.8 m with reference to ML factors of 8 × 8, 4 × 4 and 2 × 2, respectively. While that compared to SRTM is 4.6 m, 15.1 m and 23.7 m. The accuracy is low compared to TanDEM-X DEM. Results show that the GF-3 data is potential in providing DEM data. However, the operational applications using GF-3 as interferometric data source would be challenging because of the instability of baseline coherence as well as the temporal coherence.
Strategies Used by Teachers of Mathematics in the Implementation of Tasks
Authors: Enríquez Jakeline Amparo Villota , Valencia Heriberto González , Oliveira Andréia María Pereira de
Published: April 2018

This article identifies and describes the teaching strategies used by mathematic teachers in implementing tasks. The context of this study was the classroom of three mathematic teachers at elementary and secondary education. This study is framed as a qualitative approach, using observation and interview as the tool for data collection. The results showed that there are varieties of teaching strategies used by the teachers in the implementation of mathematical tasks, classified in the following categories: Pre-instructional, co-instructional and post-instructional proposed by Diaz and Hernandez (2010).
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Modern Applied Science, Vol. 12, No. 5
Authors: Lee Sunny
Published: April 2018

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Modern Applied Science, Vol. 12, No. 4
The Importance of Prison Farms: Evidence from Malawi’s Prisons
Authors: Moloko Hastings , Ng’ong’ola Davis , Kamkwamba Henry
Published: April 2018

While Malawi’s per capita cereal production may be higher than her per capita cereal consumption, Malawi is a net cereal importer and thus food insecure. The food situation is much worse in Malawi’s prisons because inmates generally eat one meal per day.The general objective of this study was to determine the importance of farms in Malawi’s prisons by comparing food insecurity in prisons with farms to that in prisons without farms. Using structured questionnaires in face to face interviews, the study collected data from 1000 prisoners and 30 officers-in-charge from all prisons in the country. The data was analysed using Stata 12 and employed the probit and the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) models as an analytical tools.Results from the analysis showed that practically all prisoners in Malawi’s prisons were food insecure. There was a higher perception of food insecurity in prisons without farms than there was in prisons with farms. Conditions of severe food insecurity were experienced more in non-farmed prisons than in farmed prisons, and more prisoners in non-farmed prisons depended on food brought to them from their homes. Food insecurity was more prevalent in prisons without farms than in prisons with farms.
Evaluation of different smile parameters in the Turkish population
Authors: Köseoğlu Merve , Özdemir Hatice , Bayındır Funda
Published: April 2018

Aim: In the past, patients and dentists thought that the dental aesthetics could only be ensured with modifications on teeth. Together with the latest developments in the smile analysis and aesthetic design, researchers have identified the aesthetics based on facial, oral-facial, dentogingival, and dental components. The aim of this study is to evaluate the smile type (ST), smile line (SL), maxillary incisal line types (ML), and buccal corridor widths (BC) related to the smile aesthetics. Methodology: A total of 190 individuals (92 males and 98 females) aged between 18 and 25 years, living in different cities of Turkey and studying at Atatürk University, Faculty of Dentistry were included in the study. In the study, the smile types, smile lines, maxillary incisal curvatures and buccal corridor widths of the individuals were examined. Results: In the young Turkish population, the most common ST in both genders is the commissural smile, and the least common ST is the complex smile. The most common SL is the SL, and the least common SL is the high SL, and it varies by gender. While the most common ML is the convex line in both genders, the least common ML is the reverse incisal line. While the last visible maxillary tooth during the social smile is mostly the maxillary 2nd premolar tooth, it is the maxillary 2nd molar tooth at least. Conclusion: The incidence of some smile parameters in young Turkish population varies according to gender.
Prevalence and Predictors of Readmissions among Adults with Cystic Fibrosis in the United States
Authors: Chatterjee Kshitij , Goyal Abhinav , Reddy Deepak , Koppurapu Vikas , Innabi Ayoub , Alzghoul Bashar , Jagana Rajani
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) have increasing rates of hospitalization. We analyzed the burden and predictors of thirty-day readmission among patients with CF in the U.S. Material and methods: Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD) 2013 was used to identify adults with CF who were hospitalized. These individuals were followed to determine the prevalence of readmission within thirty days of index discharge. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to identify independent predictors of readmission. Results: There were 14,616 index admissions of adults with CF in 2013. Of these, 2606 (17.8%) patients were readmitted within 30 days of discharge. Female sex and chronic anemia were independent predictors of readmission. The most common causes of readmission were pulmonary exacerbation (31%), lung transplant complications (5.2%), and septicemia (3.4%). Conclusion: Readmissions are frequent among adults with CF and contribute to significant healthcare burden and cost among this population.
Vitamin D Status of Severe COPD Patients with Chronic Respiratory Failure
Authors: Gawron Grzegorz , Trzaska-Sobczak Marzena , Sozańska Ewa , Śnieżek Piotr , Barczyk Adam
Published: April 2018

Introduction: The aim of the study was to measure the concentrations of vitamin D in serum of COPD patients with chronic respiratory failure in comparison to healthy control group. The correlation between the levels of vitamin D in serum and the selected clinical, spirometric and blood gas parameters was the additional aim of the study. Material and methods: The study included 61 patients with diagnosed COPD in stadium of chronic respiratory failure (45 men and 16 women) and 37 healthy controls (19 men and 18 women). The following procedure were performed in all studied subjects: detailed history (especially: daily activity, diet, tobacco and alcohol use), post-bronchodilator spirometry, assessment of 25(OH)D in serum and for COPD group only blood gas analysis. Recruitment for the study was conducted from November to April. Statistical analysis was performed using the following statistical methods: t-Student test, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlation test and Chi-kwadrat test. Results: There was no significant differences between COPD and control group for the levels of 25(OH)D in serum. Median and lower; upper quartile were respectively following: 24.75 nmol/l (16.9; 36.4) vs. 24.06 nmol/l (16.3; 37.2), p = 0.69. Vitamin D deficiency was present in 60 COPD patients (98.3% of all patients) and in 36 control group subject (97.3% of all healthy volunteers). The difference was not statistically significant. The levels of vitamin D in serum did not significantly correlated with any of studied parameters (spirometry, blood gas, age, the level of activity, BMI, tobacco smoke exposure and others). However, the level of activity in COPD group correlated positively with spirometry values and negatively with age and number of exacerbations. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that in autumn-winter time in Poland there are very frequent deficiency of vitamin D in serum not only in COPD patients in respiratory failure stage but also in elderly healthy persons. However, in contrary to expectations the deficiency of vitamin D in COPD patients with respiratory failure were similar to that seen in healthy persons.
Thoracic Ultrasound for the Detection of Rib Metastases of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Tomos Ioannis , Tziolos Nikos , Raptakis Thomas , Kavatha Dimitra
Published: April 2018

Transthoracic ultrasound has lately emerged as a useful diagnostic tool for respiratory physicians in the diagnosis of diverse pulmonary diseases, usually including pleural effusion and pneumothorax. However, the use of chest ultrasound may be also critical in the evaluation of chest wall diseases. Therefore, we present an interesting case of a patient with metastases of lung cancer to the rib, detected during the chest wall ultrasound examination. By representing a non-invasive, surface-imaging technique with several advantages, chest ultrasound may evolve to a valid, bed-side diagnostic tool for the diagnosis and follow up of lung cancer with metastases in the chest wall.
APPLICATION of ARAMIS SYSTEM FOR MEASUREMENT
OF DEFORMATIONS OF MASONRY
Authors: Urbańska Krystyna
Published: April 2018

The paper presents the results of measurements of displacements and
strains obtained on fragments of walls made of bricks. In addition to the
Instron measurements, the displacements were measured on the specimen
surface by using the modern non-contact measuring system ARAMIS, which has a direct interface with the strength testing machine and determines
displacements by means of two cameras. The results were used to
determine the average strain and the observation of the propagation of
cracs in masonry panel.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEMAND VALUE FOR
NON-RENEWABLE PRIMARY ENERGY EP IN LOW ENERGY
BUILDINGS
Authors: Pawłowski Krzysztof , Nakielska Magdalena , Buchaniec Dariusz
Published: April 2018

In order to achieve the standard of a low energy building it is needed to
define the energy characteristics of the building with t-aiming at the minimal
value of primary energy demand factor EP. The analysis of a building
for energy saving concerns thermal parameters of external heat partitions,
central heating installation efficiency, ventilation and hot water installation
as well as using renewable energy sources. In this work there is an
analysis of selected factors affecting PE factor in existing and new-designed
buildings and there are valuable practical conclusions formulated.
PROPOSAL FOR THE METHODOLOGY OF AUTOMATION
ASSESSMENT OF GEODETIC AND CARTOGRAPHIC
RESOURCE
Authors: IZDEBSKI WALDEMAR
Published: April 2018

On the basis of applicable laws, data contained in the county geodetic and
cartographic resource are a key element of the national spatial data infrastructure.
Methods and means used to carry out the resource were always
adequate to the available technical means. The current state of technology
brings many new opportunities for improvement in the functioning of the
resource, and above all the possibility of automation. A methodology for
evaluation is needed for comparing the levels of automation in individual
counties and a proposal for such a proprietary methodology is presented
in this article.
RESEARCHES ON TECHNICAL POSSIBILITIES OF FLATNESS
EXAMINATION USING KINEMATIC TRIGONOMETRIC
METHOD
Authors: WYCZAŁEK IRENEUSZ , PLICHTA ARTUR , WYCZAŁEK MICHAŁ
Published: April 2018

The new approach for measuring the flatness of floors or other horizontal
surfaces is based on the use of vehicle-mounted sensors that moves through
these surfaces in a more or less automated way. It becomes competitive in
relation to the classical methods using the straightedge and the wedge or
tilts or geodetic methods used interchangeably. The measurement with vehicles
requires, on the one hand, the movement of the sensors along the set
lines, and on the other - the appropriate frequency and precision of the
readings. Research and implementation works on the implementation of
kinematic tacheometric measurements to the prism moved on the floor are
still underway. These works cover two aspects: the measurement capability
of the instruments and the precision of evaluation of flatness as a function
of prism movement in certain directions on the tested area. These topics
are the subject of scientific research and are periodically published.
As the part of this work, kinematic measurements of the Leica TCRP 1201+
motorized tacheometer (RTS) have been performed to the prism mounted
on a remote-controlled vehicle used in modeling and robotics. Measurement
models (different scan variants) were developed, the reliability of the
measurement axes' position by averaging between two wheels of the vehicle
was analyzed, and tests that enabled determination of the accuracy of the
totalizer-type measurement for the moving target were performed. Both
scan variants were tested: (i) along fixed lines and (ii) along individually
defined lines, obtaining comparable results (not exceeding 10%). As a result
of the research, it was concluded that the adopted theses were confirmed
and thus the applied approach could be used for measuring flatness
of the floor.
SHAPING OF THE FLOODPLAIN BOUNDARIES FOLLOWING THE LAND AREA SLUMP CAUSED BY THE FORECASTED COAL MINING EXPLOITATION
Authors: Czajkowska Aleksandra
Published: April 2018

In the upper part of the basin of Kłodnica river hydrographic conditions are shaped primarily by decades of mining activity, which contributes to the formation of flooding and fens in the river valley and its tributaries. The article presents impact of forecasted land area slump on the range and depth of floodplains created by the passage of hypothetical flood wave with probability of occurrence p = 0.2%, and thus the size of the flood hazard in this part of the basin. The floodplains were generated by simulation carried out on the developed two-dimensional model of the Kłodnica river using MIKE FLOOD software.
POST-MINE SULFUROUS SOIL CHEMISTRY IN LEACHING EXPERIMENT UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS AT DIFFERENT TREE SPECIES LITTER ADDITION
Authors: Likus-Cieślik Justyna , Pietrzykowski Marcin
Published: April 2018

Impact of organic matter on soil chemistry of former Jeziórko sulfur mine was investigated. In research two types of substrate were used: less contaminated (mean 5,090 mg kg-1 S) and high contaminated (42,500 mg kg-1 S). Soil substrates were tested with addition of birch or pine litter. The composites (soil substrate + tree litter) were rinsed with water during 12 weeks of experiment. In the obtained leachate pH, EC, DOC (dissolved organic carbon), N, Ca, Mg and S were determined. The results indicate that the rate and amount of leached elements did not depend on litter, but firstly depend on level of sulfur contamination.
Improving patient reported outcomes in total hip replacement and total knee replacement: What can we learn from the “best” and the “poorest” performing sites?
Authors: Wainwright Thomas W , Gallagher Kieran , Polllalis Athanasios , Immins Tikki , Middleton Robert G
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Oxford Hip Scores (OHS) and Oxford Knee Scores (OKS) are being collected as part of the Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) evaluation programme on total hip and knee replacement. This study compares the PROMs outcomes from best and poorest performing English hospitals, as defined by NHS England’s data of elective hip and knee surgery. This was to quantify the difference and identify the scope for improvement.Materials and Methods: OHS and OKS were obtained from the Health and Social Care Information Centre for April 2013 to March 2014.Results: Seven sites for OHS and 10 sites for OKS were above the upper 95% control limit. Fourteen sites for OHS and 10 sites for OKS were below the lower 95% control limit. Median pre-operative scores were similar between best and poorest performers. Median post-operative scores were 4 points higher in best performers. Top OHS-performers scored better in limping, stairs, work, transport, dressing and shopping. Top OKS-performers scored better in walking, shopping and kneeling.Discussion: Pre-operative scores were similar for the best and poorest performers. The differences between best  and poorest performing hospitals for OHS and OKS were below the minimum important difference. There was only moderate consistency for outliers. Results for any single year should be treated with caution.Conclusions: PROMs, one of many key tools in measuring and increasing person-centered healthcare, can be useful as part of an evaluation of practice but do not always reveal the full picture. It is important that balanced measures of quality should be used when benchmarking hospitals.
Validation of the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) Instrument in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Pilipovic-Broceta Natasa , Vasiljevic Nadja , Marinkovic Jelena , Todorovic Nevena , Jankovic Janko , Ostric Irena , Kalimanovska-Ostric Dimitra , Racic Maja
Published: April 2018

Rationale, aims and objectives: To translate, culturally adapt and preliminary validate the original English version of the PACIC questionnaire into the Serbian language, in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina and to assess the relationship between PACIC scores and clinical guidelines implementation in family medicine.Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented in 2 primary healthcare centers. The translated PACIC questionnaire was administered to 206 consecutive patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The validity and reliability of the Serbian version of PACIC has been tested with face validity, construct validity and internal consistency. The PACIC score and its 5 subscales were tested using Kruskal-Wallis or Mann-Whitney test. The relationship of the PACIC score and guidelines implementation was analyzed by multiple linear regression.Results: The overall PACIC score indicates an implementation of the Chronic Care Model (CCM) occurred “most of the time”. Of the 5 subscales, average scores were highest on “Delivery system/decision support”. CCM in “Follow up/Coordination” occurred sometimes. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient showed a high internal consistency level for the PACIC questionnaire. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy is 0.917 and Bartlett’s test of sphericity is significant (p≤0.001). Four factors were identified explaining 69% of total variance.Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between the PACIC score and the implementation of the chronic disease clinical guidelines. The PACIC questionnaire is advanced as a reliable and internally consistent instrument of use in increasing the person-centeredness of care of chronic illness.
The ontology of person-centered healthcare: Theoretical essentials to reground medicine within its humanistic framework. Part I - A centered concept of personhood: Some tools to conceptualise subjectivity
Authors: Frölich Thomas , Bevier F F , Babakhani Alicja , Chisholm Hannah H , Henningsen Peter , Miall David S , Sandberg Seija , Schmitt Argogast
Published: April 2018

To address subjectivity, as a generally rooted phenomenon, other ways of visualisation must be applied than in conventional objectivistic approaches. Using ‘trees’ as operational metaphors, as employed in Arthur Cayley’s ‘theory of the analytical forms called trees’, one rooted ‘tree’ must be set beneath the other and, if such ‘trees’ are combined, the resulting ‘forest’ is nevertheless made up of individual ‘trees’ and not of a deconstructed mix of ‘roots’, ‘branches’, ‘leaves’ or further categories, each understood as addressable both jointly and individually. The reasons for why we have chosen a graph theory and corresponding discrete mathematics as an approach and application are set out in this first of our three articles. It combines two approaches that, in combination, are quite uncommon and which are therefore not immediately familiar to all readers. But as simple as it is to imagine a tree, or a forest, it is equally simple to imagine a child blowing soap bubbles with the aid of a blow ring. A little more challenging, perhaps, is the additional idea of arranging such blow rings in series, transforming the size of the soap bubble in one ring after the other. To finally combine both pictures, the one of trees and the other of blow rings, goes beyond simple imagination, especially when we prolong the imagined blow ring becoming a tunnel, with a specific inner shape. The inner shape of the blow ring and its expansion as a tunnel are understood as determined by discrete qualities, each forming an internal continuity, depicted as a scale, with the scales combined in the form of a glyph plot. The different positions on these scales determine their length and if the endpoints of the spines are connected with an enveloping line then this corresponds to the free space left open in the tunnel to go through it. Using so many visualisation techniques at once is testing. Nevertheless, this is what we propose here and to facilitate such a visualisation within the imagination, we do it step by step. As the intended result of this ‘juggling of three balls’, as it were, we end up with a concept of how living beings elaborate their principal structure to enable controlled outside-inside communication.
Who’s in charge? Results from a qualitative study of caregiver perspectives on the care transition process
Authors: Shirley Benjamin , Erskine Nathaniel , McManus David D , Kiefe Catarina I , Anatchkova Milena , Santry Heena P
Published: April 2018

Background: Care transitions are a topic of increasing interest as researchers and clinicians focus their effects on patient outcomes. Engaging caregivers, who play important roles in care transitions, may yield valuable insight into how care transition processes can be improved. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews, focusing on caregivers’ experiences with and perceptions of care transitions, with 11 eligible caregivers whose loved ones had recently experienced an unplanned admission to a single academic medical center. Our research team analyzed the transcripts to identify key themes.Results: Caregivers detailed multiple factors affecting care transitions, including both in-hospital and external elements. Identifying the medical provider in charge of care emerged as a common difficulty. Other areas of interest included receiving discharge information, length of stay, health insurance status, the presence of social support, access to transportation and educational level, among others. Caregivers’ views on the quality of various in-hospital aspects of their own care transition experiences varied.Conclusions: Caregivers re-affirmed the complexity of the care transition process by identifying myriad factors that influence their quality. Taking steps to address these factors may help hospitals to empower and engage caregivers, as well as to improve care transitions overall and better manage the health of their patients.
Retour du protectionnisme et avenir des négociations commerciales internationales
Authors: Arès Mathieu , Paquin Stéphane
Published: April 2018

Le retour du protectionnisme sur la scène internationale provoque son lot d’inquiétudes. Même si l’administration de Donald Trump s’est déjà retirée du Partenariat transpacifique et qu’elle a imposé la renégociation d’accords commerciaux comme l’Aléna, la tendance vers une multiplication des négociations commerciales est toujours palpable. À titre d’exemple, les onze pays restants du ptp viennent de conclure le Partenariat transpacifique progressiste et global (ptpgp). La question qui reste en suspens est : combien de temps les États-Unis accepteront-ils de rester sur la touche ?
Edith Stein e suas contribuições para a psicologia
Authors: Carneiro Suzana Filizola Brasiliense , Antúnez Andrés Eduardo Aguirre
Published: April 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo ilustrar as contribuições de Edith Stein para a Psicologia a partir de uma pesquisa empírica que buscou compreender o processo formativo dos moradores de uma região periférica de Salvador. Para tanto, apresenta os resultados de uma análise, baseada na obra Contribuições à fundamentação filosófica da Psicologia e das Ciências do Espírito, que ilustra o percurso individual de três participantes da pesquisa. A análise possibilita identificar cinco vivências comuns (vivências psicofísicas de forte intensidade; vivência do limite pessoal; vivência da escuta de si; vivência da luta interior; e vivência de uma decisão livre) que marcam o processo de transformação dos sujeitos, orientados por um projeto pessoal. Exemplifica, deste modo, a contribuição da fenomenologia de Edith Stein para a Psicologia no sentido de não reduzir a pessoa aos desafios do contexto em que vive ou aos condicionamentos psicofísicos aos quais está submetida, mas a enxergá-la na sua inteireza, discriminando as diferentes naturezas de vivências e o seu modo singular de viver, com a potência que ele contém.
Filosofia transcendental e metafísica da vontade: a crítica de Schopenhauer ao conceito kantiano de metafísica
Authors: Caldeira Ramos Flamarion
Published: April 2018

A metafísica da vontade de Schopenhauer estrutura-se a partir de uma recepção crítica da filosofia transcendental kantiana. Para desenvolver sua própria concepção de metafísica, o filósofo parte da crítica de Kant à metafísica dogmática, por um lado, e por outro, afirma seu afastamento em relação à concepção kantiana de metafísica. No presente texto procuraremos apresentar o projeto de fundação de uma metafísica imanente por Schopenhauer, no qual o autor afirma tanto a sua dívida em relação a Kant quanto sua distância em relação ao projeto sistemático do idealismo alemão.
Rapid increase in soil pH solubilises organic matter, dramatically increases denitrification potential and strongly stimulates microorganisms from the Firmicutes phylum
Authors: Anderson Craig R , Peterson Michelle E , Frampton Rebekah A , Bulman Simon R , Keenan Sandi , Curtin Denis
Published: April 2018

We used potassium hydroxide (KOH) to induce rapid soil pH changes and then observed microbial community change over 48 hours in anaerobic conditions before measuring denitrification enzyme activity (DEA). Soil pH was elevated from 4.7 to 6.7, 8.3 or 8.8, straddling the range of localized pH changes likely to be observed in soil after deposition of livestock urine or urea fertiliser. Up to 240-fold higher dissolved organic matter (DOM) was mobilized by KOH compared to the controls. This increased microbial metabolism but there was no correlation between DOM concentrations and CO2 respiration nor N-metabolism rates. Microbial communities became dominated by Firmicutes bacteria within 16 hours, while few changes were observed in the fungal communities. Changes in N-biogeochemistry were rapid and DEA increased up to 25-fold with the highest rates occurring in microcosms at pH 8.3 that had been incubated for 24-hour prior to measuring DEA. Nitrous oxide reductase (N2O-R) was inactive in the pH 4.7 controls but at pH 8.3 the reduction rates exceeded of 3000 ng N2-N g-1 h-1 in the presence of native DOM. Evidence for DNRA and/or organic matter mineralisation was observed with ammonium (NH4+) increasing to concentrations up to 10 times the original native soil concentrations while significant concentrations of nitrate (NO3-) were utilised. Pure isolates from the microcosms were predominantly Bacillus spp. and exhibited varying NO3- reductive potential.
The effect of using games in teaching conservation
Authors: Tan Cedric Kai Wei , Woei Lee Jiin , Hii Adeline , Loo Yen Yi , Campos-Arceiz Ahimsa , Macdonald David W.
Published: April 2018

Games are an increasingly popular approach for conservation teaching. However, we know little about the effectiveness of the games on students’ experiences and knowledge acquisition. Many current games are supplemental games (SG) that have no meaningful interaction with the subject matter. We adapted the experiential gaming (EG) model where students were immersed in goal-orientated tasks found in real-life situations, and they tackled questions to complete actions for their main task. Classroom-based games were created for eight different conservation topics for an annual Wildlife Conservation Course and an annual Diploma in International Wildlife Conservation Practice. Data were collected over two cycles, a total sample size of 55 multinational students. We used a combination of repeated-measures design and counterbalanced measures design; each student was subjected at least twice to each of the EG and didactic instruction (DI) treatments, and at least once to the SG approach. We compared students’ perception, learning and behavioural responses to the treatments, including measures of student personality types and learning styles as explanatory variables. Findings revealed multiple benefits of the classroom EG compared to the DI approach, such as increased attention retention, increased engagement and added intrinsic motivation. The improved level of intrinsic motivation was mainly facilitated by increased social bonding between participants. Further, we show that this EG approach appeals to a wide range of learning styles and personalities. The performance of SG was generally intermediate between that of EG and DI. We propose EG as a beneficial complement to traditional classroom teaching and current gamified classes for conservation education.
Endophytic fungal communities associated with field-grown soybean roots and seeds in the Huang-Huai region of China
Authors: Yang Hongjun , Ye Wenwu , Ma Jiaxin , Zeng Dandan , Rong Zhenyang , Xu Miao , Wang Yuanchao , Zheng Xiaobo
Published: April 2018

Plants depend on beneficial interactions between roots and fungal endophytes for growth, disease suppression, and stress tolerance. In this study, we characterized the endophytic fungal communities associated with the roots and corresponding seeds of soybeans grown in the Huang-Huai region of China. For the roots, we identified 105 and 50 genera by culture-independent and culture-dependent (CD) methods, respectively, and isolated 136 fungal strains (20 genera) from the CD samples. Compared with the 52 soybean endophytic fungal genera reported in other countries, 28 of the genera we found were reported, and 90 were newly discovered. Even though Fusarium was the most abundant genus of fungal endophyte in every sample, soybean root samples from three cities exhibited diverse endophytic fungal communities, and the results between samples of roots and seeds were also significantly different. Together, we identified the major endophytic fungal genera in soybean roots and seeds, and revealed that the diversity of soybean endophytic fungal communities was influenced by geographical effects and tissues. The results will facilitate a better understanding of soybean–endophytic fungi interaction systems and will assist in the screening and utilization of beneficial microorganisms to promote healthy of plants such as soybean.
Adança-educação na construção do sujeito reflexivo-crítico
Authors: Accioly Cecília Bastos da Costa
Published: April 2018

Como se deve abordar a dança na educação formal? Como estimular a formação de sujeitos críticos, transformadores de sua sociedade? Que concepção de corpo permeia o imaginário das sociedades para a construção de um ideal estético para a dança? Partindo destas questões, o presente artigo trata da análise da realização de um projeto de ensino de Dança no ensino formal, para crianças de terceira e quarta séries, entre 7 e 9 anos de idade. Este processo gerou situações, questionamentos e motivações que levaram a autora a acreditar que a dança é um potencializador do movimento expandido do homem em busca de sua auto-determinação através da arte. Para esta discussão, são abordados diferentes aspectos concernentes à dança-educação, e a possível construção deste binômio sem hiper-valorização de alguma das partes em detrimento da outra, aos conceitos de corpo, aprendizagem e sujeito. Tem como referenciais teóricos fundamentais Foucault, Freire, Morin, Read e Ramachandram, entre outros que dão necessário suporte ao estudo. Com a comprovação de sua hipótese, este estudo não se propõe conclusivo, mas impulsionador para geração de uma maior reflexão para conhecimento de diferentes configurações acerca deste processo, bem como de teorias e conceitos acerca deste tema.
Bahia e vaqueiros: Um débito
Authors: Queiroz Washington
Published: April 2018

Falta resumo
Considerações sobre os cursos de formação de professores e o componente estágio supervisionado, na legislação educacional Brasileira.
Authors: Silva Arlete Vieira
Published: April 2018

O presente artigo tece algumas considerações acerca da legislação atual, especificamente a Resolução nº 1 e nº 02 de 18 e 19 de fevereiro de 2002, respectivamente sobre o componente estágio supervisionado nos cursos de formação de professores. A referida legislação não contempla especificidades refletidas por pesquisadores da área de formação de professores sobre a formação docente e identidade profissional (Piconês, 1999; Pimenta & Lima, 2004 entre outros) nem veicula estes cursos como um campo de conhecimento que está atrelado à valorização da profissão docente, à educação como um ato político e à relação entre a universidade e a escola de educação básica, possibilidades veiculadas no componente curricular estágio supervisionado.