bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Appraisal of genetic variability in sodium azide induced rice mutants to identify selection criteria for higher yield using quantitative attributes
Authors: Abdullah Al Mamun , Monirul Islam , Sanjoy Kumar Adhikary , Sabiha Sultana
Published: October 2022

Induced mutation is an effective tool in generating variability of crop plants. Identification of efficient genotypes with improved yield requires knowledge of genetic variation in yield and yield contributing traits. Therefore, an investigation was conducted to develop variants through azide mutagenesis and estimation of genetic variability of the mutants to detect selection standards towards higher yield. Mature rice seeds were mutagenized with estimated LD50 concentration. A hundred mutants were grown-up accordingly and their quantitative traits were evaluated through multivariate analysis to assess genetic variability. Every assessed trait except grain length exhibited highly significant variation for all mutants. The high genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation along with high heritability and genetic advance as a % of mean was accounted for total and filled grains panicle-1. Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with total grains panicle-1, filled grains panicle-1 and straw yield hill-1. Besides, higher variance was also associated with these traits. Ward’s Agglomerative clustering grouped the mutants into 7 major clusters. More than 36% of total variation was associated with first 2 principal components (PCs) and was mostly with total grains panicle-1 and filled grains panicle-1 whereas third and fourth PCs were mainly accounted for straw yield hill-1. Thus, these traits should receive special attention during selection of yield potential genotypes. Presence of genetic variation in mutants was ensured for most of the traits and selection based on greater tillers hill-1, grains panicle-1 and straw yield hill-1 may open a new avenue towards improved yield and other traits in rice.
Non-pluripolar energy and the complex Monge–Ampère operator
Authors: Andersson Mats , Witt Nyström David , Wulcan Elizabeth
Published: October 2022

Given a domainΩ⊂ℂn{\Omega\subset{\mathbb{C}}^{n}}we introduce a class of plurisubharmonic (psh) functions𝒢⁢(Ω){{\mathcal{G}}(\Omega)}and Monge–Ampère operatorsu↦[d⁢dc⁢u]p{u\mapsto[dd^{c}u]^{p}},p≤n{p\leq n}, on𝒢⁢(Ω){{\mathcal{G}}(\Omega)}that extend the Bedford–Taylor–Demailly Monge–Ampère operators. Here[d⁢dc⁢u]p{[dd^{c}u]^{p}}is a closed positive current of bidegree(p,p){(p,p)}that dominates the non-pluripolar Monge–Ampère current〈d⁢dc⁢u〉p{\langle dd^{c}u\rangle^{p}}. We prove that[d⁢dc⁢u]p{[dd^{c}u]^{p}}is the limit of Monge–Ampère currents of certain natural regularizations ofu.

On a compact Kähler manifold(X,ω){(X,\omega)}we introduce a notion of non-pluripolar energy and a corresponding finite energy class𝒢⁢(X,ω)⊂PSH⁡(X,ω){{\mathcal{G}}(X,\omega)\subset\operatorname{PSH}(X,\omega)}that is a global version of the class𝒢⁢(Ω){{\mathcal{G}}(\Omega)}. From the local construction we get global Monge–Ampère currents[d⁢dc⁢φ+ω]p{[dd^{c}\varphi+\omega]^{p}}forφ∈𝒢⁢(X,ω){\varphi\in{\mathcal{G}}(X,\omega)}that only depend on the currentd⁢dc⁢φ+ω{dd^{c}\varphi+\omega}. The limits of Monge–Ampère currents of certain natural regularizations of φ can be expressed in terms of[d⁢dc⁢φ+ω]j{[dd^{c}\varphi+\omega]^{j}}forj≤p{j\leq p}. We get a mass formula involving the currents[d⁢dc⁢φ+ω]p{[dd^{c}\varphi+\omega]^{p}}that describes the loss of mass of the non-pluripolar Monge–Ampère measure〈d⁢dc⁢φ+ω〉n{\langle dd^{c}\varphi+\omega\rangle^{n}}. The class𝒢⁢(X,ω){{\mathcal{G}}(X,\omega)}includes ω-psh functions with analytic singularities and the classℰ⁢(X,ω){{\mathcal{E}}(X,\omega)}of ω-psh functions of finite energy and certain other convex energy classes, although it is not convex itself.
The Luwic inflection of proper names, the Hittite dative-locative of i- and iia̯ -stems, and the Proto-Anatolian allative
Authors: Norbruis Stefan
Published: October 2022

The article establishes the inflection of proper names in Luwian and Lycian, which differs from appellative inflection in all oblique cases. It is argued that the locative, genitive and ablative were reshaped after the pattern of the ā-stems, which were the most frequent type in names. The characteristic dative *-Vi̯o, however, was generalised from the i-stems, whose type had become restricted to names, especially personal names, after the PD i-stems had been generalised in the appellatives. The origin in the i-stems appears from Hittite, which has a corresponding ending in i- and ii̯a-stems. In Hittite, the ending can be traced back further to the use of the allative in dat.-loc. function to circumvent the unfortunate combination of a stem in *‑i‑ with the dat.-loc. ending *-i. The Luwic data can now be used to determine the character of the PAnat. allative, which must have been *-o on account of Lyc. -e. Since Anatolian shows a vigorous allative that is presupposed by petrified remnants such as *pr-o ‘forward’ in other IE languages, the allative provides an additional argument for the Indo-Anatolian hypothesis.
Sobre el origen de la escansión larga de la sílaba reduplicada de ἵημι
Authors: Jiménez Delgado José Miguel
Published: October 2022

The reduplicated present ἵημι exhibits an alternating scansion of the reduplication syllable. The iota tends to be long in Attic but short in Homer and in other dialects. Martin Peters explained the long iota as the result of a compensatory lengthening after the loss of laryngeals, i.e. *Hi-Hi̯eh₁- > hīēmi. The short variant would have appeared by analogy with other reduplicated presents such as δίδωμι, ἵστημι, and τίθημι. This implies that the Attic long scansion is an archaism. The purpose of this paper is to show that Peters’ scenario is highly improbable and that the long iota is more likely due to levelling after the conflation of another present *ϝῑ́εμαι with ἵημι’s middle forms.
The mixed aorist subjunctive in Classical Armenian
Authors: Kocharov Petr
Published: October 2022

The paper is dedicated to the pattern of voice marking found in the aorist subjunctive of Classical Armenian that combines the mediopassive ending of the 1st person singular with active and labile endings in the remaining forms of the paradigm. The pattern forms a stable inflectional type in verbs with the i-stem aorist but is also marginally attested in other verbal classes. The goal of the present paper is to describe the distribution of the mixed subjunctive in the early Classical Armenian texts and clarify its origin.
Form and Function in Tort Theory
Authors: Keating Gregory C.
Published: October 2022

Contemporary tort theory is a contest between instrumentalism and formalism. The prominence of instrumentalism is no surprise. American tort theory was born in the work of Oliver Wendell Holmes and his views were resolutely, if elusively, instrumentalist. Until very recently, economic views have dominated contemporary discussions of tort law in the American Legal Academy, and the economic analysis of torts is uncompromisingly instrumentalist. The rise of formalism, by contrast, is surprising. Legal realism swept over American legal thought long ago. Ever since, formalism has been treated more as epithet than as credible position by American legal scholars. In contemporary tort theory, though, formalism has roared back to life and struck some powerful blows against instrumentalism. Tort, these neo-formalists argue, is not an instrument for the pursuit of independently valuable ends. It is an institution whose norms are constitutive of just relations among persons. The bipolar, backward-looking form of the ordinary tort lawsuit has been the fulcrum that critics of economic analysis have used to pivot tort theory away from economic instrumentalism. That form, prominent tort theorists have persuasively argued, instantiates a backward-looking morality of responsibility, not a forward-looking morality of regulation. But the formalist enterprise has its own weaknesses. For one thing, formalist tort theory has tended to reshape tort law in ways that beg the questions that the theory purports to answer. For another, just relations among persons are a matter of substance as well as form. In the case of tort law, just relations require that tort law identify and safeguard those interests urgent enough to justify imposing reciprocal responsibilities of care and repair. We cannot, therefore, pull the rabbit of a convincing conception of tort law out of the hat of the field’s formal structure. What tort theory needs is two-pronged theory—theory that can both make sense of form and—by attending to tort law’s role in safeguarding our urgent interests from impairment and interference at each other’s hands—also illuminate tort law’s independently significant substance.
Is Laughing at Morally Oppressive Jokes Like Being Disgusted by Phony Dog Feces? An Analysis of Belief and Alief in the Context of Questionable Humor
Authors: Kramer Chris A.
Published: October 2022

In two very influential papers from 2008, Tamar Gendler introduced the concept of “alief” to describe the mental state one is in when acting in ways contrary to their consciously professed beliefs. For example, if asked to eat what they know is fudge, but shaped into the form of dog feces, they will hesitate, and behave in a manner that would be consistent with the belief that the fudge is really poop. They alieve that it is disgusting, while they believe it is not. This paper investigates laughter from self-proclaimed egalitarian, tolerant folk, in response to oppressive jokes that might fit the alief-model. If I merely alieve the content of a joke at which I laugh, will that constitute morally exculpating reasons for such laughter? And what else might it imply? This paper will provide insights at the intersections of humor studies, ethics, epistemology, phenomenology, and the philosophy of mind, all while being moderately and appropriately amusing.
Prognostic factors in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Yalçıner Merih , İlhan Osman
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare thrombotic microangiopathy with no standardized prognostic model to predict mortality. The aim of the study is to determine parameters associated with TTP-related mortality.

Methods

In this cross-sectional, retrospective study, 77 TTP patients, treated with therapeutic plasma exchange between 2001 and 2019 in Ankara University Faculty of Medicine were included.

Results

There was no significant relationship between ADAMTS13 inhibitor levels, activity and mortality. Median number of plasmapheresis was 10 (2–32), higher in patients with complete response. Anemia, kidney injury and LDH levels were associated with survival; there was no significant relationship between platelet counts at the time of diagnosis and mortality. Mortality was lower in patients with platelet counts above 100 × 109/L and normalized LDH after treatment. Hemoglobin, albumin, LDH and creatinine levels at the time platelet counts exceeded 50 × 109/L were associated with survival.

Conclusions

We determined several clinical and laboratory parameters associated with mortality. Fewer numbers of plasmapheresis was associated with mortality; thus other treatments as rituximab and caplacizumab should be considered early in non-responders. Including changes in laboratory parameters may be considered in prognostic scoring systems to be developed in the future.
Trace cadmium ion detection using optical fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer coated with PVA/TEOS/APTES
Authors: Xie Song , Liu Yushan , Chen Hongliang , Yang Xiaozhan , Feng Wenlin
Published: October 2022

A cadmium ion (Cd2+) sensor based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)/3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) film integrated Mach–Zehnder interferometer was fabricated and evaluated. The three core fiber (TCF) is spliced with two single mode fibers (SMFs), one end of TCF and SMF are spliced with enlarged taper, and the other end of TCF is directly spliced with another SMF. PVA/TEOS/APTES composite film is coated on the surface of TCF. When the Cd2+ is adsorbed by the sensing film, the relative refractive index of TCF cladding changes, the output interference trough wavelength shifts. By monitoring the wavelength shift information of the interference trough, the concentration of Cd2+ will be obtained. In the concentration range of 0–0.4 μM, with the increase of Cd2+ concentration, the interference trough shows a red shift. The sensitivity and the detection limit of the sensor are 7 nm/μM and 0.0143 μM (1.6 ppb), respectively. The sensor has excellent selectivity and good pH stability. It has the advantages of easy preparation, simple structure, and has potential application for the detection of trace Cd2+.
Primeiros cuidados com recém-nascidos sem complicações na sala de parto
Authors: Rezer Fabiana , Constantino da Silva Fabiane , Rodrigues Faustino Wladimir
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: identificar os primeiros cuidados com recém-nascidos desenvolvidos pelos profissionais de saúde em salas de parto. Método: pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa, realizada em duas salas de partos na região Norte do estado de Mato Grosso, utilizando um questionário para observação da rotina desses setores. Resultados: foram verificados os cuidados a 24 recém-nascidos. 21% dos neonatos foram recepcionados por técnicos de enfermagem; o contato materno não foi estimulado; o cordão umbilical foi clampeado precocemente em 21% e o corte ocorreu abaixo de um minuto em 79%. Em 75%, o índice de Apgar foi verificado no 1° e no 5º minuto de vida e em nenhum no 10º minuto. Em 83%, houve aspiração da boca e do nariz. O banho e a vestimenta não foram realizados em 75% e nenhum recém-nascido recebeu a identificação. Conclusão: este estudo pode melhorar a eficácia dos profissionais na realização dos primeiros cuidados com o recém-nascido.
Família, tomada de decisão e apoio dos profissionais nas unidades de terapia intensiva: revisão integrativa
Authors: De Lima Neves Josiele , Schwartz Eda , Moura de Lima Spagnolo Lílian , Lise Fernanda , Stragliotto Bazzan Jéssica
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica sobre condutas de apoio dos profissionais às famílias e a participação destas no processo de tomada de decisão diante da internação de um dos seus integrantes. Método: revisão integrativa nas bases Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online e COCHRANE com os descritores: Intensive Care Units, Decision making, Family e Personal Satisfaction entre 2015 e 2019. Resultados: selecionados 17 artigos em três categorias: “aspectos relacionados com o apoio dos profissionais à família”; “Voz dos familiares como tomadores de decisões”; e “Estresse pós-traumático do familiar ao tomar decisões difíceis”. Conclusão: evidenciou-se a importância do apoio dos profissionais por meio de comunicação clara e honesta, valorizando a família como participantes do cuidado no processo de tomadas de decisões na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.
Stable Working Memory and Perceptual Representations in Macaque Lateral Prefrontal Cortex during Naturalistic Vision
Authors: Roussy Megan , Corrigan Benjamin , Luna Rogelio , Gulli Roberto A. , Sachs Adam J. , Palaniyappan Lena , Martinez-Trujillo Julio C.
Published: October 2022

Primates use perceptual and mnemonic visuospatial representations to perform everyday functions. Neurons in the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) have been shown to encode both of these representations during tasks where eye movements are strictly controlled and visual stimuli are reduced in complexity. This raises the question of whether perceptual and mnemonic representations encoded by LPFC neurons remain robust during naturalistic vision—in the presence of a rich visual scenery and during eye movements. Here we investigate this issue by training macaque monkeys to perform working memory and perception tasks in a visually complex virtual environment that requires navigation using a joystick and allows for free visual exploration of the scene. We recorded the activity of 3950 neurons in the LPFC (areas 8a and 9/46) of two male rhesus macaques using multielectrode arrays, and measured eye movements using video tracking. We found that navigation trajectories to target locations and eye movement behavior differed between the perception and working memory tasks, suggesting that animals used different behavioral strategies. Single neurons were tuned to target location during cue encoding and working memory delay, and neural ensemble activity was predictive of the behavior of the animals. Neural decoding of the target location was stable throughout the working memory delay epoch. However, neural representations of similar target locations differed between the working memory and perception tasks. These findings indicate that during naturalistic vision, LPFC neurons maintain robust and distinct neural codes for mnemonic and perceptual visuospatial representations.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe show that lateral prefrontal cortex neurons encode working memory and perceptual representations during a naturalistic task set in a virtual environment. We show that despite eye movement and complex visual input, neurons maintain robust working memory representations of space, which are distinct from neuronal representations for perception. We further provide novel insight into the use of virtual environments to construct behavioral tasks for electrophysiological experiments.
Differential Subcellular Distribution and Release Dynamics of Cotransmitted Cholinergic and GABAergic Synaptic Inputs Modify Dopaminergic Neuronal Excitability
Authors: Le Gratiet Keyrian Louis , Anderson Christopher K. , Puente Nagore , Grandes Pedro , Copas Charlotte , Nahirney Patrick C. , Delaney Kerry R. , Nashmi Raad
Published: October 2022

We identified three types of monosynaptic cholinergic inputs spatially arranged onto medial substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons in male and female mice: cotransmitted acetylcholine (ACh)/GABA, GABA-only, and ACh only. There was a predominant GABA-only conductance along lateral dendrites and soma-centered ACh/GABA cotransmission. In response to repeated stimulation, the GABA conductance found on lateral dendrites decremented less than the proximally located GABA conductance, and was more effective at inhibiting action potentials. While soma-localized ACh/GABA cotransmission showed depression of the GABA component with repeated stimulation, ACh-mediated nicotinic responses were largely maintained. We investigated whether this differential change in inhibitory/excitatory inputs leads to altered neuronal excitability. We found that a depolarizing current or glutamate preceded by cotransmitted ACh/GABA was more effective in eliciting an action potential compared with current, glutamate, or ACh/GABA alone. This enhanced excitability was abolished with nicotinic receptor inhibitors, and modulated by T- and L-type calcium channels, thus establishing that activity of multiple classes of ion channels integrates to shape neuronal excitability.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur laboratory has previously discovered a population of substantia nigra dopaminegic neurons (DA) that receive cotransmitted ACh and GABA. This study used subcellular optogenetic stimulation of cholinergic presynaptic terminals to map the functional ACh and GABA synaptic inputs across the somatodendritic extent of substantia nigra DA neurons. We determined spatially clustered GABA-only inputs on the lateral dendrites while cotransmitted ACh and GABA clustered close to the soma. We have shown that the action of GABA and ACh in cotransmission spatially clustered near the soma play a critical role in enhancing glutamate-mediated neuronal excitability through the activation of T- and L-type voltage-gated calcium channels.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF SALT, PHOSPHATE AND PH ON FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF BEEF MYOFIBRILLAR PROTEINS
Authors: BJELAK Armin , SÜRMELİ Yusuf , SEZER Banu , VELİOGLU Murat , BOYACI Prof.dr İsmail
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to investigate the effect of salt and phosphate on the functional properties of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) at pH 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. The highest emulsion activity index (EAI) value (8.51 m²/g protein) was obtained with the use of NaCl, and phosphate at pH 10. The highest emulsion stability index (ESI) result was determined (230.8 minutes) with the use of salt at pH 8. The addition of salt and phosphate significantly (p<0.05) improved the emulsifying properties of proteins. Considering the water absorption capacity (WAC), the highest value was obtained as 1.9 mL water/g protein at pH 6 and pH 8. The highest fat absorption capacity (FAC) value of 8.3 mL fat/g protein was found with the addition of phosphate at pH 6. The highest foam capacity (FC) and foam stability (FS) were obtained at pH 10 and 4, respectively.
Features Of Iron Metabolism In Patients With HIV Infection And Pulmonary Dissemination In Tuberculosis And Pneumonia: An Exploratory Case-Control Study
Authors: Borodulina Elena A. , Yakovleva Elena V.
Published: October 2022

Background — Differential diagnosis of pneumonia vs. tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection and pulmonary dissemination syndrome is an important problem in contemporary clinical medicine. The goal of our study was to determine the features of iron metabolism in patients with HIV infection and pulmonary dissemination in tuberculosis and pneumonia. Methods — The case-control study was conducted on 42 cases (patients with tuberculosis, hereinafter referred to as Group 1) and 44 control subjects (patients with pneumonia, hereinafter referred to as Group 2). All of them had HIV infection and syndrome of pulmonary dissemination. For subjects in both groups, we analyzed clinical and social characteristics, along with laboratory data. We also examined hepcidin content, iron concentration, and ferritin level in blood serum, and performed statistical data processing. Findings — There were significant differences between cases and controls in terms of iron metabolism. Hepcidin and hemoglobin levels were statistically significantly higher (p <0·001), whereas iron concentration was lower (p=0·0002) in patients with tuberculosis (cases). Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences between groups in CD4+ T-cell count, viral load, and RBC and WBC counts in complete blood count tests; in duration of complaints prior to hospital admission; and in terms of job stability. Conclusion — The quantitative parameters with the greatest statistical significance of the differences between the groups were iron concentration, hepcidin level, RBC count, WBC count, and CD4+ T-cell count.
Predictors Of Breakfast Consumption Among Iranian Students: Applying Social Cognitive Theory
Authors: Askari Shadi , Salimi Nooshin , Bakhshi Ehsan
Published: October 2022

Background — Despite the known significance of regular breakfast consumption, skipping or inadequate consumption of breakfast is common among students. Social cognitive theory (SCT) is one of the most effective theories in predicting nutritional behaviors, especially breakfast-related behaviors Objective — This study aimed to determine the factors related to breakfast consumption based on SCT among students of Islamic Azad University Kermanshah Branch. Methods — In this cross-sectional study, 206 students of Islamic Azad University Kermanshah Branch were selected based on availability sampling. An online questionnaire consisting of demographic information scales, SCT variables and breakfast consumption behavior was sent to student groups. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tests, chi-square test, linear regression and correlation analysis in SPSS software version 16. Results — On average, students consume breakfast 4.39 times a week. Overall, 17.6% of students had completely ignored breakfast and 42.4% of them ate breakfast irregularly between one and six times a week. Among the components of social cognitive theory, self-efficacy and observational learning predicted 55.7% of changes in breakfast consumption among students (P<0.001). Conclusions — It seems that social cognitive theory is a useful framework for predicting breakfast consumption behavior among young people, and it is possible to improve breakfast consumption behavior by designing and implementing appropriate educational interventions based on this theory.
Structure And Biological Functions Of Milk Caseins
Authors: Petrova Stanislava Yu. , Khlgatian Svetlana V. , Emelyanova Olga Yu. , Pishchulina Larisa A. , Berzhets Valentina M.
Published: October 2022

Caseins, which are contained in milk, play a significant role in the development of clinical symptoms of allergic reactions in adults and children. To date, the properties of caseins have been studied, their primary structure has been identified. However, despite available scientific reviews and original articles, an issue of the structural organization of milk casein micelles and their biological functions is still very controversial. In this regard, the proposed review is relevant, since it most fully reflects current information about various types of caseins, their physicochemical and immunobiological properties, and analyzes in detail the existing theories on the structural organization of casein micelles. Of particular interest in our review are the data on the comparative analysis of the structure and properties of caseins in both human breast milk and cow’s milk, as well as the section dealing with the allergenic activity of cow’s milk caseins and their cross-reactivity with milk proteins of other mammalian species. The objective of this review is to summarize current data on the structure and properties of casein proteins, and to determine their role in the formation of sensitization to dairy products.
Analyzing The Efficacy Of Conservative Versus Surgical Treatment Of Chronic Mixed Blepharitis Via Laser Doppler Flowmetry And Interferometry
Authors: Safonova Tatyana N. , Kintyukhina Natalya P.
Published: October 2022

Objective — To analyze and compare the efficacy of conservative vs. surgical treatment of chronic mixed blepharitis via laser Doppler flowmetry and interferometry. Materials and methods — We enrolled 42 patients (the sample of 84 eyes) with chronic mixed blepharitis in the study. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used to assess the microcirculation in the eyelid skin; interferometry was employed to evaluate the lipid layer of the tear film. Patients in the treatment group were treated by meibomian gland probing (MGP) and by artificial tears with a lipid component, introduced 4 times a day for 30 days. Subjects in the control group had their eyelid massaged in addition to administration of artificial tears. Treatment efficacy was monitored at 1 week, 1.5 months and 3 months. Results — MGP demonstrated a statistically significant positive effect, which persisted for 3 months after the procedure: specifically, the restoration of the tear film stability by increasing the thickness of its lipid layer by 0.27-0.5 μm. When comparing the interferoscopy results, an increase in the area of the lipid layer absence was detected in the control group. Analysis of LDF results showed a decrease in neurogenic and myogenic rhythms, as well as in the blood flow coefficient of variation in both groups. The lymph flow coefficient of variation remained stable in the treatment group, while it tended to decrease in the control group. Conclusion — The obtained data analysis on the basis of objective instrumental assessment of the eyelid morphofunctional state by the methods of interferoscopy and LDF suggested that conducting MGP was more effective in chronic mixed blepharitis treatment, compared with performing an eyelid massage.
Gender Differences In Functional Somatic Disorders Of Indigenous Adolescents In Khakassia
Authors: Grishkevich Natalya Yu. , Evert Lidia S. , Bakhshieva Svetlana A. , Kostyuchenko Yuliya R.
Published: October 2022

Rationale — The goal of the study was to investigate gender characteristics of functional somatic disorders in adolescents of the indigenous population of Khakassia (using the case study of the Abakan city). Material and methods — The object of the study was 215 (46.8%) boys and 244 (53.2%) girls of four secondary schools in Abakan. Their average age was 14.5±1.3 years. Data collection was conducted by means of an original screening questionnaire developed by Professor S.Yu. Tereshchenko. Results — The incidence of recurrent pain in the total sample of the surveyed youths was 184 (40.1%) for cephalalgia, 225 (49.0%) for abdominal pain, and 269 (58.7%) for back pain. The prevalence and structure of functional somatic disorders in Khakas adolescents depended on their gender. Asthenic syndrome was more common among girls – 42 (17.2%) vs. 14 (6.5%) in boys. In girls, the percentage of frequent headaches was higher than in boys: 22 (9.0%) vs. 8 (3.7%), respectively. Similar trend was observed in case of rare headaches: 100 (41.0%) vs. 54 (25.1%). Also, girls, compared with boys, were characterized by a higher incidence of both frequent and rare abdominal pains: 38 (15.6%) vs. 9 (4.2%) and 106 (43.4%) vs. 72 (33.5%), correspondingly. Conclusion — The case study of surveyed ethnic sample of Abakan school students revealed a high prevalence of recurrent pain syndromes in the indigenous youths of Khakassia. We have also established that incidence, structure and severity of recurrent pain, as well as its negative impact on well-being and daily activities, were associated with gender.
RNA m6A modifications in mammalian gametogenesis and pregnancy
Authors: Sui Xuesong , Klungland Arne , Gao Lu
Published: October 2022

In brief

RNA modifications play key roles in regulating various biological processes. This article discusses and summarizes the recent advances of RNA m6A modifications related to mammalian gametogenesis, early embryonic development, and miscarriage.

The epitranscriptome is defined as the collection of post-transcriptional chemical modifications of RNA in a cell. RNA methylation refers to the chemical post-transcriptional modification of RNA by selectively adding methyl groups under the catalysis of a methyltransferase. The N6 methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most common of the more than 100 known RNA modifications. Recent research has revealed that RNA m6A modifications are reversible. Additionally, m6A containing RNA can be selectively identified by immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing (MeRIP-SEQ). These two developments have inspired a tremendous effort to unravel the biological role of m6A. The role of RNA m6A modifications in immune regulation, cell division, stem cell renewal, gametogenesis, embryonic development, and placental function has gradually emerged, which is of great significance for the study of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in reproductive biology. This review summarizes the current knowledge about RNA m6A modification in a variety of mammalian reproductive events.
High-lipid nutritional environment in different ontogenetic periods induce developmental programming of rat prostate at aging
Authors: Pereira Scarpelli Tatiane , Pytlowanciv Eloisa Zanin , Pinto-Fochi Maria Etelvina , Taboga Sebastião Roberto , Góes Rejane Maira
Published: October 2022

In brief

Maternal obesity plus high-fat diet in breastfeeding induces stromal hyperplasia and diffuse acinar atrophy in the rat prostate at aging, related to dyslipidemia and testosterone reduction. The high-lipid nutritional environment from intrauterine and throughout life favors the development of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and aggravated degenerative alterations in the gland.

Maternal obesity and high-fat diet (HFD) affect permanently prostate histophysiology in adulthood, but the consequences during aging are unknown. Here, we evaluated the prostate alterations in middle-aged rats subjected to a high-lipid nutritional environment (HLE) in different ontogenetic periods. Wistar rats (56 weeks of age) were assigned into groups exposed to standard nutrition (C) or HLE during gestation (G), gestation and lactation (GL), from lactation onward (L), from weaning onward (W) and from gestation onward (AL). HLE in the periods after weaning consisted of HFD (20% fat), and during gestation and lactation it also included previous maternal obesity induced by the HFD. HLE increased total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in all groups and led to insulin resistance in GL and AL and obesity in L. Serum testosterone levels decreased ~67% in GL, ~146% in L and W, and ~233% in AL. Histological and stereological analysis revealed an increment of the stromal compartment and collagen fibers in the prostates of all HLE groups, as well as degenerative lesions, such as cell vacuolation and prostate concretions. HLE aggravated acinar atrophy in G, GL, and L, and in AL it reached more than 50% of the prostate area for most animals. The foci of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia increased in AL. Tissue expression of androgen receptor did not vary among groups, except for a higher stromal expression for G and GL. Even when restricted to gestation and lactation, HLE induces diffuse acinar atrophy in the aging prostate and worsens degenerative and premalignant lesions when it continues throughout life.
A relação política-administração. Que se conclui da revisão sistemática da iteratura mais recente?
Authors: Dias Lopes José , Losada Antonio
Published: October 2022

Pesquisas anteriores caracterizaram a literatura mais antiga (anterior a 2010) acerca da relação política-administração, concluindo que a estrutura de conhecimento dessa literatura se podia classificar como pré-paradigmática, pouco estruturada e muito assente em ensaios e não em evidência recolhida a partir de estudos empíricos. O conhecimento acerca da relação política-administração é fundamental para melhorar a eficiência da Administração Pública, assegurar o controlo democrático e a neutralidade da mesma, etc. O estudo que agora se apresenta retoma essas investigações anteriores, mas agora centrando-se na literatura mais recente, e tem por objetivo avaliar a literatura mais recente sobre o tema e perceber se se observam evoluções de natureza paradigmática face à literatura de períodos anteriores. O estudo incidiu sobre uma amostra de 20 artigos, publicados após 2010, e obtidos por pesquisa na Web of Science. Conclui-se que depois de 2010, o novo conhecimento resulta principalmente de estudos empíricos, e estes vão revelando que na prática da Administração Pública se vão alternando, consoante a situação, os modelos dicotómico e de complementaridade, criando-se assim uma configuração variável, no tempo e decorrente do tema, para o relacionamento política-administração. Não se podendo ainda falar da existência de um paradigma, mas parece ser possível falar-se de um protoparadigma, uma proposição que pode ser avaliada e caso se venha a confirmar, assumir-se efetivamente como um primeiro paradigma em Administração Pública. Essa proposição assenta na ideia da distinção, mas também da necessidade de trabalho em conjunto, dos dois corpos – eleitos e gestores públicos – e na ideia de alguma fluidez e variabilidade no modo como esse trabalho em conjunto ocorre.
Post-Truth and Democracy: a reflection on disinformation mechanisms
Authors: Dias Carlos Pedro , Reis Bruno , Lopes Paula
Published: October 2022

The abundance of information has brought new challenges to our global digital societies, in such a way that it has become mandatory to speak of a “post-truth world” when we analyse the effects of technology and social media on our daily lives. The indelible mark of this issue has been cemented more and more noticeably in our public space: in 2016 the word of the year was post-truth (Hendricks and Vestergaard, 2019), and, in 2017, it was fake news (Dalkir and Katz, 2020). In this article, we attempt to systematize the main lines of reflection on the issue of disinformation and clarify the concepts associated with it, thus trying to highlight the different axes that constitute the complexity of the phenomenon.
MERAND, Frédéric. 2021. Un sociologue à la Commission européenne. Paris : Presses de Sciences Po
Authors: Urteaga Eguzki
Published: October 2022

Reseña del libro MERAND, F. (2021): Un sociologue à la Commission européenne. Paris: Presses de Sciences Po.
27h Jonas Jablonskis’ conference “(Language) variability, change and standardization”
Authors: Judžentytė-Šinkūnienė Gintarė , Gaidienė Andželika , Gritėnienė Aurelija
Published: October 2022

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“What do you Mean by Masculinity?”: Comparison of Answers of Men with and without Suicidal Thoughts
Authors: Grigienė Dovilė , Guogaitė Greta , Dadašev Said , Rimkevičienė Jurgita , Skruibis Paulius , Gailienė Danutė
Published: October 2022

Male suicides are often associated with masculinity norms that encourage certain behaviours that increase the risk of suicide. For example, research shows that restricted emotionality, avoidance of seeking help and self-reliance are associated with higher suicide risk. However, these pre-formulated aspects of masculinity do not necessarily reflect men’s subjective opinions of what masculinity is to them. Researchers argue that it is important to consider personal views about what masculinity is, not only stereotypes about masculinity. The aim of this study is to reveal and compare the subjective opinions about the masculinity of men with and without suicidal ideation. 281 men answered the open-ended question during the survey: “What does masculinity mean to you?”. The answers were analyzed using a content analysis method. We transformed qualitative data into quantitative and compared them statistically between two groups: men with and without suicidal ideation. It turned out that men with suicidal thoughts were more likely to mention that masculinity is the control of emotions, intelligence, and decision-making. Men without suicidal thoughts were more likely to mention family and caring for it as essential aspects of masculinity. The results showed that certain aspects of masculinity might be related to higher risk for suicide, but the study also revealed the masculinity that might be a source of coping.
Towards the Effective Motivation: Adaptation of the Situations in School Questionnaire (SISQ) to Lithuanian Educational Context
Authors: Gabrialavičiūtė Ingrida , Raižienė Saulė , Garckija Renata
Published: October 2022

To help teachers understand their role in students’ motivation and well-being, the researchers within SDT (Aelterman et al., 2019) have recently proposed a Circumplex model – the integrative and fine-grained approach to analyze the variety and interactions of (de)motivating teaching styles. The purpose of the current study is to adapt the student version of the Situations in School Questionnaire based on the Circumplex model for Lithuanian educational context. 715 seventh- and eighth-grade students (50.9% girls, Mage=13.42 years) from ten Lithuanian schools participated in the study. The SISQ was used to measure (de)motivating teaching styles, also behavioral and cognitive engagement in learning as well as well-being (positive and negative emotions, satisfaction with math classes) were assessed as indicators of students’ functioning. 

Multidimensional scaling, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlational analysis showed the match of the SISQ structure to the Circumplex model. (De)motivating teaching can be best graphically represented by a two-dimensional configuration that differed in terms of need support and directiveness. Correlations between eight subareas and indicators of students’ functioning followed a systematic sinusoid pattern, suggesting a gradual effect of teaching on students’ outcomes. With the adaptation being successful, student version of the SISQ can be used in Lithuanian educational context.
Without Straying from Philosophical Origins and the Reality of Life. Interview with Eglė Rimkutė
Authors: Almonaitienė Junona S.
Published: October 2022

Interview of Junona Almonaitienė, a graduate of Vilnius University, with associate professor Eglė Rimkutė, a teacher and researcher at the same university from 1966 till 2006, who’s carrier was mainly related to cognitive psychology and methodology of psychology. The interview reveals her subjective approach to various methodological problems of psychology, the nature and shifts of the approach, and her personal efforts to develop a more comprehensive, realistic, sociocultural psychology. As the interlocutors practically collaborated in planning and discussing research during one of the time periods covered here, the subjective experiences of both, related to local as well as more general methodological problems in psychology, are analyzed retrospectively. The entire interview can be seen as a practical effort of writing a microhistory.
Dynamics of homocysteine level in patients with osteoporotic fracture
Authors:   Azerbaijan Medical University, Biochemical Department, Baku, Azerbaijan, Hasanova N. A.
Published: October 2022

The research was carried out in order to investigate the blood serum level of homocysteine (HCY) which is involved in bone metabolism and has prognostic significance in the monitoring of the regenerative processes in osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. The study was carried out on patients 45-83 years old divided into 3 groups: group I – 14 patients with osteoporosis confirmed by densitometry or X-ray examination­, group II – 15 patients with non-osteoporosis fractures, group III – 25 patients with osteoporotic fractures. The control group consisted of practically healthy 14 people. In patients with various fractures osteosynthesis with Ilizarov apparatus or with metal plates was performed. After the operation, the patients were treated in an inpatient setting for a week, then sent for outpatient treatment and prescribed calcium and vitamin D supplements to accelerate the bone regeneration process. A blood sample was taken at 3 stages to monitor the dynamics of HCY level by Elisa test: on the 1st day before treatment, on the 10th day of treatment and 1 month after it. The results showed that on the 1st day before the treatment HCY concentration was statistically increased 2.7 times in group I, 5.6 times in group II, and 6.5 times in group III compared to the control group. In the month of recovery, a significant decrease in HCY level was observed in all treated groups but it still remained higher than in the control indicating the need to recommend additional therapeutic prescriptions. Keywords: level of homocysteine, osteoporosis, osteoporotic fractures
The level pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in patients with chronic mechanical low back pain under pulse radiofrequency therapy
Authors:   Manisa Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesia and Reanimation, Algology, Manisa, Turkey, Tekin I. , Kosova F. ,   Manisa Celal Bayar University School of Vocational Health Service, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Manisa, Turkey;
Published: October 2022

Low back pain is a frequent and recurrent condition, often with a non-specific cause. Conventional treatment methods are generally insufficient in the treatment of chronic low back pain. The aim of the study was to estimate the level of IFN, IL-1, IL-6 (proinflammatory), IL-10, IL-4 (anti-inflammatory) and VEGF proteins in the serum of patients with chronic mechanical low back pain under Pulse radiofrequency (PRF) therapy. The study was carried out on 40 patients 20-60 years old, diagnosed with chronic low back pain for at least 4 months, primary complaint on lumbosacral low back pain, pain intensity VAS (visual analog scale) score of 5 and above, not responding well to conservative treatment (analgesic drugs, physiotherapy, etc.). Therapeutic Radiofrequency applications were carried out with an RF generator (RFG 3C Plus, Radionics). Blood samples were taken 1 day before interventional treatment (control), then 1 day (group1) and 15 days (group 2) after. The serum level of IFN, IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-4 and VEGF l was analyzed with ELISA test. It was shown that as a result of PRF treatment the level of IL-1 was decreased while the levels of IL-4 and IL-6 were increased. It was concluded that the increase in serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines may be correlated with the severity of pain and that the increase in the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines reduces pain by reducing inflammation. Keywords: chronic low back pain, cytokines, radiofrequency therapy
Synthesis of the novel cage amides and imides and evaluation of their antibacterial and antifungal activity
Authors:   Research Institute of Chemistry and Geology, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Ukraine, Palchykov V. , Gaponov A. ,   Research Institute of Chemistry and Geology, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Ukraine;, Manko N. ,   Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv;,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine;, Finiuk N. ,   Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv;, Novikevych О. ,   Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv, Ukraine;, Gromyko O. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine;, Stoika R. ,   Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv;, Pokhodylo N. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine;,   Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv, Ukraine;
Published: October 2022

Cage amides and imides bearing bicyclo[2.2.1]- and bicyclo[2.2.2]-subunits were synthesized and evaluated both for antimicrobial activity toward five key ESKAPE pathogenic bacteria: one Gram‐positive bacteria methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 43300), four Gram‐negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603), Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC 19606) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and for antifungal activity towards pathogenic fungal strains Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) and Cryptococcus neoformans var. Grubii (H99; ATCC 208821). Compound VP-4539 with bicyclo[2.2.2]octene motif demonstrated the highest cytotoxic activity towards C. neoformans, while human keratinocytes of HaCaT line, murine fibroblasts of Balb/c 3T3 line and mitogen-activated lymphocytes of peripheral human blood were found to be tolerant to its action. VP-4539 compound did not intercalate into salmon sperm DNA indicating that its cytotoxicity is not related to intercalation into nucleic acid. Keywords: antifungal, antimicrobial, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, bicyclo[2.2.2]octene, cytotoxicity, DNA intercalation, human keratinocytes, lymphocytes, сage compounds