bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Modified Entropy Index and Logit Transformation Model to Access Non-Crop Enterprise Diversification in the Flood Affected Areas of Assam, India
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Women’s College, Tinsukia, Assam, India., Gogoi* Bhagyalakhi , Saikia Dr. Surajit ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Gargaon College, Sivasagar, Assam, India.
Published: April 2020

Changing climatic condition like increasing density of rainfall, more siltation in the river beds etc., stimulates devastating flood in Assam. Year after year the changing nature of flood in Assam extemporize more risk in agriculture. In such circumstances, risk mitigation and livelihood security in the flood prone agricultural sector of Assam becomes one of the key agendas for development of the small and marginal farmers. Different studies have brought this issue of climate change and risk in agriculture and opined that crop diversification is one of the prolific strategies to mitigate risk and ensure livelihood in agriculture. However, very few studies have mentioned about non-crop enterprise diversification and risk mitigation in the agricultural sector of Assam. Therefore, an attempt has been made to examine the impact of non-crop enterprise diversification in risk mitigation in the flood prone areas of Assam by using Modified Entropy Index and Logit Transformation Model. The findings of the study show that the farmers in the flood prone areas under study diversified more non-crop enterprises than in the flood free areas. Therefore, small and marginal farmers of the flood prone areas of the study can takenon-crop sector to be an effective measure to combat flood like situations.
Image Enhancement using Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering student at SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, India., Prakash* Yash , Phumbhra Bhavesh ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering student at SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: April 2020

Mobile Photography has been brought to a significantly new level in the last several years. The quality of images taken by the compact lenses of a smartphone have now appreciably increased. Now, even some of the low- end phones of the market spectrum are able to take exceedingly good photos in suitable availability of lighting, due to the advancement in numerous software methods for processing the images post capture. However, despite these tools, these cam- eras still fall behind the aesthetic capabilities of their DSLR counterparts. In the quest to achieve high quality images through a smartphone camera, various image semantics are inadvertently ignored leading to a less artistic image quality than a pro- fessional camera. Although numerous techniques for manual as well as computerized image en- hancement tasks do exist, they are generally only focused on brightness or contrast and other such global parameters of the image and does not go on to improve the content or texture of the image and neither do they take the various semantics of the image into account. Moreover, they are usually based on a predetermined set of rules that never considers the actual device specifics that is capturing the image — the smartphone camera. For our enhancement, we have endeavored to use a unique deep learning technique to transform lower quality images from a smartphone camera into DSLR-quality images. To enhance the image sharpness, we have used an error function that combines the three losses - the content, texture and color loss from the given image. By training on the large-scale DSLR Photo Enhancement Dataset, we have optimized the loss function using Generative Adversarial Networks. The end results produced after testing on a number of smartphone images yield enhanced quality images comparable to the DSLR images with an average SSIM score of approximately 0.95.
Brain Tumor Classification using Convolution Neural Network and Size Estimation by Marker Based Watershed Segmentation
Authors:   Department of IT, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamilnadu India., Kumar K.* Sathesh , Kumar R. Arun ,   Department of IT, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamilnadu India., S. Saranya ,   Department of IT, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology,Trichy, Tamilnadu India., R. Deepika ,   Department of IT, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamilnadu India., V. Divya ,   Department of IT, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam , Tamilnadu India.
Published: April 2020

Brain tumor classification and segmentation in the medical field is still a challenging task. Because we cannot identify through our naked eyes. Even Though several algorithms and methods developed to segment the brain tumor still accuracy is needed .By the single level classification we may not obtain the accurate result. So we propose the CNN (Convolution Neural Network) classifier which contains several layers. The convolution neural network uses kernals.The classification here is used to find the brain tumors such as glioma,meningioma and pituitary .The classified image is segmented using the watershed algorithm which segments based on the intensity.The segmentation employs here is to find the size of the tumor.
ROLE OF PURINERGIC RECEPTORS IN IMMUNE RESPONSE
Authors: Semenova I. B.
Published: April 2020

Purine receptors are located on immune and somatic cells of animal and human organisms. Summation of signals from purine and TOLL-like receptors takes place on the level of inflammasome formation and results in summation of the first and second signals of innate immunity. The first signal - from PAMPs (pathogen associated molecular patterns), the second - from DAMPs (danger associated molecular patterns). Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the most studied DAMP. ATP connects with purine receptors, which include P2 (P2X7 receptors are the best described), that results in opening of channels of these receptors and transit of ATP into the cell. In parallel exit of K+ from cells and entrance of Ca2+ and Na+ into the cells is observed, that is associated with activation of the immune competent cell. Damaged cells dying via necrosis or apoptosis are the source of extracellular ATP, as well as activated immunocytes. Signals from P2 and TOLL-like receptors are summarized in effectors of immune response, and activation of P2 receptors in lymphocytes makes a contribution into activation of cells, mediated by T-cell receptor. Negative side of purine receptor activation is a stimulating effect on proliferation and metastasis of malignant cells. The practical output of knowledge on functioning of purine receptors for clinical immunology is the application of agonists and antagonists of purine receptors, as well as explanation of effect of immune modulators from the position of launch of K+/Na+-pump, resulting in prolonged activation of immune competent cells.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TIGHT JUNCTIONS OF EPITHELIUM OF RATS JEJUNUM UNDER THE EFFECT OF LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AND CHOLERA TOXIN
Authors: Vishnevskaya O. N. , Rybalchenko O. V. , Larionov I. V. , Orlova O. G. , Markov A. G.
Published: April 2020

Aim. Comparative study of tight junctions and ultrastructure alterations of enterocytes of mucous membranes of jejunum of rats under the effect of lipopolysaccharides and cholera toxin. Materials and methods. Lipopolysaccharides (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) and cholera toxin (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) were used. The study was carried out in Wistar line rats. Effect of lipopolysaccharides and cholera toxin on epitheliocytes was carried out by a method of withdrawal of segments of rat jejunum and their incubation with the specified substances. Comparative analysis of ultrathin sections of enterocytes of jejunum of rats and tight junctions between them was carried out in control and under the effect of lipopolysaccharides and cholera toxin. Results. Effect of lipopoly-saccharides on ultrastructure of enterocytes of rat jejunum manifested in the change of cell form as a result of increase of intercellular space without destruction of tight junctions. Disappearance of desmosomes, increase of nuclei and more pronounced ER were noted in some epitheliocytes. Effect of cholerogen on epitheliocytes of mucous membrane of rat jejunum by a number of signs is similar to the effect of lipopolysaccharides, that manifested in an alteration of ultrastructure of cell, the form of those also transformed as a result of an increase of intercellular space, this process was not accompanied by destruction of tight junctions. Disappearance of folding of the lateral region of plasmatic membrane of cells and a reduction of a number of microvilli was observed under the effect of cholera toxin. Conclusion. A similar character of effect of lipopolysaccharides and cholera toxins on ultrastructure of cells and region of tight junctions of enterocytes of rat jejunum was detected, both substances caused an increase of intercellular space without the destruction of tight junctions.
Aspectos éticos e legais da prescrição de medicamentos por enfermeiro na Política Nacional de Atenção Básica do Brasil
Authors: Silva Adailson Vieira da , Vieira Luiza Jane Eyre de Souza , Sousa Anderson Reis de
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Identificar e discutir os aspectos éticos e legais da prescrição de medicamentos por profissional enfermeiro na Estratégia de Saúde da Família, Brasil. Método: Estudo exploratório, de análise documental, que tomou como base a legislação brasileira, mas especificamente às legislações do exercício profissional de Enfermagem. Resultados: A prescrição medicamentosa realizada por enfermeiro está repaldada por legislação que regulamenta a prescrição, através de dispositivos legais e infralegais, que asseguram ao enfermeiro como integrante da equipe de saúde, a prescrição de medicamentos em programas de saúde pública e em rotina aprovada pela instituição. Esta prática está assegurada aos enfermeiros que atuam na Política Nacional da Atenção Básica, mais precisamente na Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Conclusão: A prescrição de medicamentos está assegurada por legislação especifica apesar da não dispensação de medicamentos em Programa de Farmácia Popular do Governo Federal o que contraria a Lei do exercício profissional da Enfermagem, e dificulta o acesso da população usuária do Sistema único de Saúde a medicação prescrita por enfermeiro em programa de saúde pública.
Diagnosis and treatment of internal resorption of teeth: a review of literature and clinical case
Authors: Berkhman M. V.
Published: April 2020

Internal resorption is a separate category of diseases of hard tissues of teeth, characterized by the loss of dentine as a result of activation and activity of osteoclasts. The article discuss issues concerning etiology, the prevalence of internal resorption, its diagnosis, emphasise the contribution of computed tomography in the diagnosis and prediction of treatment success, clinical decisions and therapeutic treatment of this disease. Describe modern endodontic treatment methods, including the use of magnification, ultrasound in endodontic treatment, the use of certain materials for temporary and permanent root canal filling. Under these conditions, the prognosis of conservative treatment of internal resorption of dental hard tissues is improved, even if there is a perforation of the walls of the tooth cavity.
Changes in blood parameters in patients with diseases of the oral mucosa on the background of oncopathology
Authors: Uspenskaya O. A. , Fadeeva I. I.
Published: April 2020

Study of the dynamics of blood parameters in the disease of the oral mucosa in patients with extraoral oncopathology.

Aim.To study the changes in the indicators of the General blood test in patients with diseases of the oral mucosa on the background of cancer.

Materials and metods.To perform the study on the basis of the hospitals of THE Nizhny Novgorod regional clinical Oncology dispensary, a survey of the dental status of patients with cancer of various localization was carried out. The study groups included patients compared by age, sex, concomitant dental diseases in remission. The criteria for exclusion from the examination were cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy, patients who refused to participate in the examination and patients with stage 1 and 4 cancer. All subjects underwent a clinical blood test with further investigation.

Results.The study included 66 women. There were changes in certain blood parameters depending on localization of the pathology and nosology of dental disease, namely, hematocrit, hemoglobin, the average volume of erythrocytes, the average concentration of hemoglobin in erythrocyte mass, mean content of hemoglobin in a single erythrocyte, the relative width of the distribution of erythrocyte volume, the absolute content of lymphocytes.

Conclusions.The study revealed the presence of signs of the initial stage of anemia, which occurs against the background of malignant education.
Microbiological analysis of the orange crop, mango and bergamot in the middle of BDA cultivation
Authors: Marchezan R. , Aigner A. R. , Dahmer F. , Munaretto L. A. , Ruppenthal D. P. , Nitz A. R. , Gerber T.
Published: April 2020

This study aimed to verify the development of fungi and any bacteria that may occur in the culture media, which are rich in nutrients needed for the development of micro-organisms, a situation similar to what happens with the area of Brazilian culture, to do so, used If the basis for the BDA search method (potato, dextrose and agar). The treatments were four procedures, which have been disinfected and isolated part of the leaves of citrus orange, mango and bergamot and part of the fruit of valencia orange, for identification of fungi and bacteria that there manifested 24 hours after implantation of the experiment. It follows therefore that the microorganisms have developed satisfactorily outside their natural habitat.
Physiological quality of osmoprimed Eremanthus erythropappus (D.C.) MacLeish seeds
Authors: Oliveira A. M. S. , Silva A. A. , Vasconcelos M. C. , Granja J. A. A. , Faria J. M. R. , Pereira C. S.
Published: April 2020

Physiological conditioning is a technique that consists in controlling the speed of water uptake by seeds, with osmotic solutions, aiming to improve their quality, reducing time and increasing germination rate. Eremanthus erythropappus (D.C.) MacLeish seeds were subjected to priming with polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG), potassium nitrate (KNO3) and the combination of the two at the concentrations of 0.4; -0.8; -1.0; -1.2 and -1.4 MPa for four, six and eight days. Germination, germination speed index (GSI), emergence, emergence speed index (ESI) and expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (PO) enzymes were assessed. E. erythropappus seed priming in polyethylene glycol solution with potentials between -0.8 MPa and -1.4 MPa is not satisfactory because it adversely affects germination and reduces the activity of peroxidase and catalase enzymes. The other substances were not significant so there is a need for further research with other substances and / or concentrations
Genetic diversity and geographic mapping of mango in Maranhão
Authors: Souza J. N. C. , Almeida N. D. R. , Silva L. S. , Moura M. C. C. L.
Published: April 2020

The objective of this study was to map the routes of greater natural occurrence of the mango tree, through the geographic descriptors and to characterize mango accesses in Maranhão. Field trips for the collection of geographic data and fruit harvesting were carried out in the municipalities of Chapadinha, Caxias, Brejo and Matinha, MA in the year 2013. Qualitative biometric studies were conducted to characterize the accesses collected regarding the color of the fruit peel (TFC), fruit pulp color (CPF), firmness (Fir), fruit shape (FF), fruit peel adhesion (ACF), fruit aroma (FF), fruit DF), fruit succulence and embryo (EB).The model of partial distribution of the mango in Maranhão was generated in the Open Modeller program based on the methodology using the algorithm SVM. Three groups were formed by the Tocher grouping method.The accesses of sugar and milk mango were the most similar, while the greatest genetic distance was between the accesses of mango sugar and mango. In the geographic map it was verified that there are areas with high probability of natural occurrence of mango in Maranhão. It was verified that there is genetic variability in the mango accesses collected in Maranhão with desirable agronomic characteristics and sweet fruits, thus contributing to reduce the species' vulnerability that currently exists in large areas of monoclonal crops.
ATTITUDE, KNOWLEDGE, AND PRACTICES TO BOOST FOR SUSTAINABLE HEALTHCARE
Authors: Kamath Madhusudhana
Published: April 2020

The traditional Knowledge prototypes are available in every loop and corner of life, They are innumerable, in numbers, they blend in the culture and tradition as well as you can see them daily in our societies we will call them as occult science, For instance, Ayurveda, Yoga , Unani , Siddha like many systems of medicine originated in our holy land only; but we labelled them as “alternative medicine,” and “complementary”. While Western medicine is having predominantly based on lab intermediation to cure the disease rather than to prevent it. The disparity, between Complementary and Alternative system, is considered the body as a whole. While western is analytical one a non-holistic. There I no boundary for Knowledge only thing we require w come out from jail like the classroom and have to study under our environment.
Modern patterns of development of the communication and informatization sphere
Authors: Demyanchuk Maryna
Published: April 2020

Information and telecommunication services are currently a full-fledged resource for social development compared to traditional resources. The growth of the level of scientific and technological progress has led to the incredibly fast development paces in the sphere of information and communication technologies, which has a significant impact on the development of the economy. On the basis of a thorough analysis of the sectors of information and communication technologies and components of the ICT development index, the article substantiates the need for accelerated digitization of the majority of enterprises of different spheres of economic activity with the aim of qualitative development of Ukrainian economy in order to increase its competitiveness in the world. This is explained by the fact that information and technology represent the main economic resource in the period of formation of information society and digital economy, and enterprises of the sphere of communication and informatization are a catalyst for social and economic development of the country as a whole. Using a methodological toolkit of the theory of systematic and correlation-regression analysis, an economic-mathematical model of the development of the sphere of communication and informatization in the regions of the world and individual countries of the world is constructed. It is based on the existing pattern of leading development of the communications sector, but takes into account the degree of economy dependence on the ICT development, which in some regions and countries is 100%. This is due to the approaching mass availability of ICT services in some countries in these regions. On the basis of the constructed model, the forecasting of GDP PPP per capita was carried out, which showed faster rates of growth of the country’s economy with the growth of the development level of the sphere of communication and informatization and accessibility of telecommunication services. In turn, the availability of telecommunication services is influenced by the digital skills of society and the level of their prices, which has necessitated determining the dependence of GDP PPP per capita on prices for communication services of countries with varying degrees of socio-economic development. This makes it possible to identify reserves for improving the productivity of individuals while increasing the availability of telecommunications services.
PENANDA KESANTUNAN IMPERATIF DALAM BAHASA BANJAR:TINJAUAN PRAGMATIK
Authors: Jahdiah NFN
Published: April 2020

Kesantunan di dalam tuturan imperatif sangat penting dilakukan oleh penutur untuk menghargai mitra tutur. Secara lingusitik, kesantunan dalam pemakaian bahasa sangat ditentukan oleh muncul tidaknya ungkapan-ungkapan penanda kesantunan. Penanda kesantunan sangat berperan dalam komunikasi antara penutur dan mitra tutur. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penanda kesantunan imperatif dalam bahasa Banjar. Metode dasar yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Peneliti menggunakan beberapa teknik, pertama, teknik sadap, yaitu teknik yang digunakan dengan cara penyadap penutur tanpa sepengatahuan narasumber sehingga peneliti mendapatkan data semungkin, 2) kedua, teknik simak libat cakap (LBC), Teknik simak libat cakap (LBC) adalah teknik yang dilakukan dengan cara terlibat langsung dalam proses pembicaraan dengan narasumber atau informan. Ketiga, teknik rekam adalah teknik pencarian data dengan merekam penggunaan bahasa. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini kesantunan yang dikemukakan oleh Leech berdasarkan enam maksim, yaitu 1) maksim kebijakan, 2) maksim kedermawanan, 3) maksim penghargaan, 4) maksim kesederhanaan, 5) maksim permufakatan, dan maksim kesimpatisan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dalam bahasa Banjar terdapat a) penanda kesantunan tulung, b) penanda kesantunan muhun, c) penanda kesantunan ayunah, d) penanda kesantunan cubapang, e) penanda kesantuan biar haja, f) penanda kesantunan hakunlah.Kata Kunci: penanda kesantunan, imperatif, pragmatikPoliteness in imperative speech is very important to be applied by the speaker to appreciate the dialogue partner. Linguistically, politeness in language depends on the appearance of expression. The politeness marker has an important role in communication between the speaker and the dialogue partner. This study aims to describe the imperative politeness marker in the Banjar language. The method which is used in this study is descriptive. The writer uses several steps, first, tapping. It is a step to tap the speaker where the resource person doesn’t know it, so the writer gains the real data. 2) Second, the conversation technique, this technique is done by having a conversation with the resource person. 3) Third, recording. It is a technique where the writer records the use of language. This study uses politeness theory by Leech based on three maxim, they are 1) wisdom maxim, 2) philanthropy maxim, 3) appreciation maxim, 4) simplicity maxim, 5) agreement maxim, and sympathizer maxim. The result shows that there are several markers in Banjar language, a) politeness marker tulung, b) politeness marker muhun, c) politeness marker ayunah, d) politeness marker cubapang, e) politeness marker biar haja, f) politeness marker hakunlah.Keywords: politeness marker, imperative, pragmatic
KEMAMPUAN LITERASI PELAJAR SMA/SMK DI KABUPATEN KLUNGKUNG
Authors: Parwati Sang Ayu Putu Eny , Nitayadnya I Wayan , Sudiana I Made
Published: April 2020

Peningkatan budaya baca-tulis di kalangan siswa terus dilakukan oleh pemerintah melalui gerakan literasi nasional. Namun, gerakan literasi yang dicanangkan pemerintah belum berjalan maksimal. Hal ini terbukti masih terbatasnya ketersediaan fasilitas pendukung literasi sekolah dan program literasi sekolah yang masih belum terimplementasi dengan baik. Kajian ini berusaha mengungkap tingkat kemampuan literasi membaca siswa SMA/SMK kelas X di Kabupaten Klungkung dan mengetahui keterkaitan tingkat kemampuan siswa dengan ketersediaan fasilitas pendukung literasi sekolah dan program literasi yang ada di sekolah. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes, wawancara, dan catat. Sampel terdiri atas tiga sekolah dengan enam puluh responden. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata yang dicapai oleh siswa di Kabupaten Klungkung sebesar 50.52. Skor itu lebih tinggi lagi 0.15 dari skor rata-rata provinsi sebesar 50.37 dan lebih tinggi lagi 1.65 dari skor rata-rata literasi nasional yang sebesar 48.87. Capaian rata-rata itu menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan literasi siswa di Kabupaten Klungkung masih dikategorikan baik. Namun, jika dibandingkan dengan skor rata-rata per sekolah, hanya SMA Negeri 1 Dawan masih di bawah skor rata-rata nasional dan provinsi, yakni sebesar 40.00. Selain itu, tersedianya fasilitas pendukung literasi dan terealisasinya program pendukung literasi tiga sekolah di Kabupaten Klungkung ini pada umumnya baik. Program ini dapat meningkatkan tingkat kemampuan literasi siswa SMA Negeri 1 Banjarangkan dan SMK Negeri 1 Klungkung. Akan tetapi, capaian siswa SMA Negeri 1 Dawan belum maksimal meskipun fasilitas pendukung literasi dan program pendukung literasi telah tersedia dan terealisasi dengan baik.
İNGİLİS DİLİNDƏ CERUNDUN FUNKSİYALARI
Authors: Quliyev Heydər
Published: April 2020

The article deals with the Gerund in English. All English grammars distinguish between finite and non-finite forms of the verb. The non-finite forms, which are also called the verbal or the non-predicative forms of the verb, comprise, according to most grammars. There are 3 verbals in English. One of them is Gerund. Gerund is used in many functions in the sentence. Some grammarians do not distinguish between the gerund and participle I, calling them both the -ing form. The Collins Cobuild English Grammar (London 1995) prefers the term -ing noun to gerund. There are grammars which use the term gerund, but the functions of the gerund are not the same from one grammar to another. In this grammar the term -ing form is not used and a clear distinction is made between the gerund and participle I, for the reason that in spite of having the same form they function differently in a sentence. The gerund is close to a noun (pronoun) and has many nominal features, while participle I is close to an adjective and has adjectival features. Therefore, a number of the functions of the gerund and participle I do not coincide. Thus, the gerund, unlike participle I, can function as subject and object. As to the functions of attribute and adverbial modifier, the gerund, when used in these functions, is always introduced by a preposition, while participle I is either introduced by a conjunction (adverbial modifier of comparison and concession) or by nothing at all (attribute, adverbial modifier of time, cause, manner). The only functions in which participle I and gerund can be confused are those of the predicative and complex object. According to their functions in a sentence verb forms can be classified into finite and non-finite. The finite forms perform the function of the predicate. The non-finite forms, sometimes called verbal, can perform various functions in a sentence except that of the simple verbal predicate. The verbal include the Infinitive, the Gerund and the Participle. The verbal has some features in common. First, they can show whether an action expressed by a verbal is simultaneous with the action expressed by the finite verb, or precedes it. To denote precedence we use perfect forms of the verbal. Second, all the verbal can be used:
a) singly:
• Annoyed, she went out of the room (single participle II).
b) in a phrase:
• She spent whole days reading books (participle I in a phrase).
c) in a predicative construction:
• She noticed him look back (infinitive construction)
THE PEDAGOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF THE JOURNAL “THE EASTERN WOMAN”
Authors: Rzayeva Parvana
Published: April 2020

In 1923, with the aim of furthering the promotion of political, social and cultural-educational work among women in Azerbaijan, the monthly, literary-art, socio-political journal “The East Woman” has begun to be published.
“The East Woman” journal had to struggled on the most difficult and hardest issues in its early days, it is possible to concentrate this fight mainly around three tasks. The first of these is to save working Turkish women from Sharia, religion and superstition, old traditions, to get them out of the narrow family life and to fight decisively with all appearing forces for the sake of the ability to assimilate their true freedoms; secondly, propagate and encourage them to attract Azerbaijani women captured for centuries under the charism regime, deprived of their rights and freedoms, to new public living quarters, factories and plants, cultural and educational front, the work of council structure; the third was to struggle to create the necessary conditions for women to work properly on the new front. “The East Woman” journal commented on the history, the origin and the content of the work of Maternity and Child Protection in Azerbaijan providing articles of various content relating to the protection of mothers and infants from the first issue. In some articles an advice was given to mothers, an information on maternal and child health was conveyed and fight measures were shown. It was spoken about how to cherish, to feed, to educate children and other issues in the period from birth to the age of kindergarten . In other group articles news about work, measures done in connection with the above mentioned issues was reflected. Thus, research shows that “The East Woman” journal provides extensive information on the creation of maternity and child protection and its responsibilities in Azerbaijan. The journal has conducted great pedagogical propaganda by publishing information, news, materials giving scientific knowledge about nurseries, kindergartens, child care offices, maternity hospitals, children's hospitals, etc. in its pages.
TERMINOLOGICAL VOCABULARY IN THE MODERN AZERBAIJANI LANGUAGE
Authors: Pashayeva Gunel
Published: April 2020

In modern life, it is impossible to even talk about writing scientific articles without the use of specific terminology. These facts indicate that the terminology has now transformed into the language's dynamic lexical units. From this perspective, we can conclude that the function of the term in the language is conditioned by the frequency of its use, the level of its representation in the language paradigm, and its suitability to the phonetic and graphic system of the language.
STABILITY ANALYSIS OF SECURITY PILLARS WITH DI-MENSION 10 X 10 M FROMED BY ORE OF MINERAL BODY DURING THE EXPLOITATION OF THE "TREPÇA" MINE IN STANTËRG
Authors: Zeqiri Rafet Rafi , Gashi Jahir , Kutllovci Festim
Published: April 2020

Abstract: The Trepça mine in Stanterg consists from several mineral bodies, which if compared to the mineral bodies in the North and South part of mine can be found in different size. Their size in the hori-zontal plane ranges from 300-7000 m2 and as a matter of fact in the primary exploitation phase, only about two of thirds part of ore is used, while the remaining ore is used like pillars in the secondary stage with special methods. Since the beginning of exploitation at Trepça mine landfill, the security pillars are left in dimensions 10x10m, on the schedule of chess fields, at distances from 16 to 20m and all pillars at those distances are stable and over-dimensioned. In this paper we investigate the stability of the securing pillars with dimensions 10x10m, with surface S = a*b = 10*10 = 100m2 with a distance between them of 10 to 22m. Pillar stability analysis aims to increase the safety factor along with the increase of exploitation depth.
Haulage System Selection for Parvadeh Coal mine Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods
Authors: Ghasvareh Mohammad Amin , Safari Mohsen , Nikkhah Majid
Published: April 2020

One of the key components of any project, especially mining projects, is the selection and design of haulage equipment. In most mining activities, which sometimes contain the mining machinery, haulage costs form a major part of the operating expenses so that the issue becomes a matter of concern for mine managers. The process of selecting the haulage system is not a crystal clear one because of various factors affecting the selection, leading to the complexity and multi-criterion characteristic of it. Therefore, the use of multi-criterion decision-making methods can help to solve this problem. The TOPSIS, AHP, VIKOR methods among the multi-criterion decision-making methods are some options based on priority ranking. In this paper, the loading systems of conveyors, wagons and winches as well as the locomotives and wagons are investigated. Then, the aforementioned systems are used to make a hybrid based on eight criteria, which yields the best loading system for the Parvadeh coal mine in Tabas. In order to use the above methods, some integration techniques were utilized because the results were not consistent with each other in some cases. After integrating the results of the ranking methods, the conveyor haulage system was eventually introduced as the best option.
Spirituality and Concept of ’Child’ in Kokas Pedagogy for Children with Special Educational Needs
Authors: Székely Csilla Imola
Published: April 2020

Klára Kokas was a music teacher and music psychologist (1929-2010). Her method is based on music, motion and manual arts, therefore it can be defined as a form of reform pedagogy, otherwise it is called complex art pedagogy. The main elements and characteristics of Klára Kokas’s pedagogy were revolutionary new ideas in the fields of personality development, and music education – compared to the practices of reform pedagogy trends in the 20th century Europe and the United States (Pukánszky-Németh, 1996). The main elements of this concept are music, dance improvisation, motion, imaginative stories, visual arts, painting and drawing. However, its most important component is the very specific and intimate relation, which connected her to children. This distinctive feature of the Kokas-method is hard to teach. Klára Kokas approached to people with problems, suffering and disabilities, especially to marginalized and disadvantaged children with utmost empathy. She struggled to develop the social-cognition skills and affectionate behavior of the handicapped children through her own invented musical method.Her writings reflected her relationship with God, namely the presence of Him which can be felt behind the scenes. His name was mostly unspoken, yet when she named Him, it was to reveal that God was always in her mind, like in her words and musical activities too.The goal of this paper is to search and frame that text corpus, which can outline the spirituality of Klára Kokas with the aim of drawing up her relationship with God and children – according to her publications, writings, essays, books, short-film compilations, movie archives and interviews (Kokas, 1992; 1999; 2002; 2007; 2012; 2013). The contours of her spirituality from her teachings, manuscripts and publications couldn’t be attributed to any religious denomination. Also, to be presented are her notions about youth and teenage spirit and a unique relation with the world, her own students, the talents, the music and the holiness: the spirituality of Klára Kokas. The importance of beliefs and moral convictions in the art of education will be outlined.A single paragraph of about 150-200 words maximum. For research articles, abstracts should give a complete overview of the work. We encourage authors to use the following style of abstracts: background, methods, results and conclusion. The abstract should give an objective representation of the article.
Importance Purpose in Life in Reducing Aggressive Response in Adolescence
Authors: Senabre Pedro , Murgui Pérez Sergio , Navarro Mateu Diego
Published: April 2020

In order to study the Purpose in Life related to the Aggressive Behavior, we applied the translated version of “Life Purpose Test” by Crumbaugh and Maholich and the Violent Behavior Scale (CA) by Little on 771 subjects, of which 354 were men and 409 were women, with ages between 11 and 17 years, all of them students schools belonging to the province of Valencia. The results are congruent with the initial hypothesis; The Purpose in Life is negatively correlated to the subject´s Aggressive Behavior, so that people having a high level of Sense of Life will less involved in aggressive behavior.
Assessment : Basic Concepts, Thoughtful Decisions
Authors: Licona Luna Milton Raul , Alvarado Martínez Elizabeth
Published: April 2020

Institutions from basic to higher education in Mexico that offer courses of English as a Foreign Language rely heavily on the administering of assessment, usually a formal type of assessment. However, the literature shows how important it is the involvement of other types of assessment in the classroom for effective language learning to take place. For instance, assessment for learning, which consist of a continuous assessment where learners receive feedback so greater learning occurs, what is more, it enables teachers to modify their teaching ways as they reflect on the learners’ progress. To show how assessment is carried out in our context, this research project focuses on a case study within the CAADI from FOD in the UANL.
The Implications Associated with Teacher Perception and Understanding of the Danielson Framework in Selected High Schools in the U.S.A.
Authors: Monaghan Peter
Published: April 2020

The improvement of teacher pedagogical practice is a central focus of contemporary school reform in the U.S.A.  Moreover, the systematic evaluation of teacher pedagogical practice is viewed as an essential means to improve student achievement.  The Danielson Framework is a theoretical construct that is widely used by school districts in the U.S.A. to conduct the evaluation of teachers.  This paper is based on the summary findings of a study conducted in three selected suburban Chicago high schools in the State of Illinois.  The study assessed teacher perceptions of their understanding of the Framework, teacher perceptions of their evaluators understanding of the Framework, and the extent to which teachers altered pedagogical practice as a result of teacher evaluation.  Data were collected through survey, interviews, document analysis, and focus groups and were analyzed employing descriptive statistics and qualitative research methods to identify codes and themes. An analysis of the data revealed that there is an ongoing need to develop professional practices that enhance collaboration and deepen the mutual understanding among stakeholders of components within the Framework.  While the survey results demonstrated a clear understanding of the Framework among the teachers, it was also revealed that teacher evaluation has a low impact on teacher’s pedagogical practice.  There are important implications of this study related to teacher development and the targeting of particular components within the evaluation that are high impact.  The study highlights the limitations of teacher evaluation as a tool to improve pedagogical practice.  Implications for practice for school administrators responsible for the planning, development, and implementation of teacher evaluation are presented.
USE OF APPARATUSES IN SCIENCE LABORATORY: Developmental Characteristics of Didactical Interactions
Authors: LEI Huey
Published: April 2020

Teaching and learning through the use of tools is evolving in response to new developments in pedagogy that aim to enhance students’ high-order thinking skills. This paper presents results from part of a research project investigating innovative teaching pedagogy, engaging with active learning through students’ manipulation of apparatuses in a series of mathematics lessons conducted in a science laboratory. The findings of the study include illustration of the development of didactical interactions, a modified framework yielding multi-directional transitions of interactive activities. This serves not only to promote interactive learning activities, including various active forms of productions, but also embraces innovation in STEM education.
Generationenromane als politische Entwicklungsromane?
Authors: Bankó Erzsébet
Published: April 2020

Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob Generationenromane als Medien der politischen Veränderungsprozesse gelesen werden können. Anhand von zwei Beispielen aus der österreichischen und ungarischen Gegenwartsliteratur wird untersucht, wie sich das politische Interesse in der Adoleszenz unter unterschiedlichen politischen Rahmenbedingungen entwickelt. Mit Hilfe der politischen Sozialisationsforschung wird erörtert, welche Rolle familiäre und gesellschaftliche Handlungsmuster der Gegenwart und der Vergangenheit spielen, um nicht zuletzt zu erwägen, ob Generationenromane als politische Entwicklungsromane gelesen werden können.
Funktioniert die Working-Out-Loud-Methode im universitären (DaF-)Unterricht?
Authors: Huber Ágnes
Published: April 2020

Working-Out-Loud (WOL) ist eine Arbeits- und Lernmethode, die im unternehmerischen Bereich weltweit in mehr als 50 Ländern eingesetzt wird. Die Technik verspricht den Anwendenden, im professionellen Alltag effektiver zu fungieren. Die Erfolgsgeschichte des Konzeptes wirft folgende Fragen auf: Könnte WOL auch im Hochschulwesen eingesetzt werden? Könnte die Technik bei der Erfüllung der dringenden Forderung helfen, die Studierenden im Laufe der universitären Bildung zielgerichtet auf die Erwartungen des Arbeitsmarktes vorzubereiten? Der Beitrag setzt sich zum Ziel den genannten Fragen empirisch nachzugehen.
NEW AND INTERESTING RECORDS OF SCORPION FLIES OF THE GENUS PANORPA (MECOPTERA: PANORPIDAE) FROM BULGARIA WITH A COUNTRY CHECKLIST
Authors: Dvořák Libor , Georgiev Dilian
Published: April 2020

This paper gives a new records of scorpion flies of the genus Panorpa (Mecoptera: Panorpidae) from Bulgaria with a country checklist.
Some Biological and Behavioral Studies of the Tetrastichus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a Pupal Parasitoid of Brontispa longissima Gestro (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Vivencio C. Gallego  , Ma. Cynthia E. Gallego2  , Ivorie J. dela Torre
Published: April 2020

The Tetrastichus sp. was identified as a pupal parasitoid indigenous to the Philippines. The total development period of Tetrastichus sp. from egg to adult was 16 days under laboratory conditions.  The average incubation, larval and pupal periods were 3.5, 4.8, and 7.4 days, respectively. The average adult longevity was 5.5 (male) and 6.4 (female). Upon emergence of an adult wasp from the host pupa, mating took place shortly and the female look for suitable host pupa of Brontispa longissima for oviposition. Tetrastichus sp. is an endogregarious parasitoid. From one parasitized pupa of Brontispa longissima, around 6 - 66 individual wasps emerged with a mean of 22.4 while parasitized pupae collected from the field yielded 4 - 21 individuals with a mean of 12.7.            Majority of the wasps emerged in the morning (70%) while 30% emerged in the afternoon. Sex ratio of male and female was 1:5.4 in laboratory condition while 1:3.7 under field condition with females outnumbered the males. Tetrastichus sp. was observed in some cases to reproduce parthenogenetically. Longevity of Tetrastichus sp. can be enhanced to a mean of 7.3 and 6.0 days by feeding on sugar and honey, respectively while water and coconut pollen resulted in longevity of 3.3 and 2.4 days, respectively. Adults without food lived only one day. Parasitism efficiency ratio of 10 parasitoids: 10 host pupae resulted in 90% parasitism. One to two day old pupa of B. longissima was preferred by Tetrastichus sp. for oviposition with a mean of 86.7% parasitism. Percent pupal parasitism in the field ranged 25.7 - 42.3% with an average of 27.6% in selected areas in Mindanao. Tetrastichus sp. was found to effectively control B. longissima under field condition. The study indicated that Tetrastichus sp. is an effective control agent of B. longissima and could be used in the field to prevent economic damage of the palms by the pest.
An Investigation of the Tender Nut Potential of Diverse Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Varieties/Forms in Sri Lanka
Authors: S.A.C.N. Perera  , G.K. Ekanayake  , H.M.N.B. Herath
Published: April 2020

There is a rising demand in the world for coconut water as a healthy natural beverage. Different coconut varieties are used in different countries to be processed as a natural drink. The coconut form “King coconut” has long been used in Sri Lanka as the ideal coconut variety for this purpose. However, with the expansion in the local and export beverage coconut market, the supply does not meet with the demand at present. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify potential coconut varieties/forms mainly relating to the yield of beverage. The study was conducted in the main coconut triangle and Southern Sri Lanka. Eleven coconut forms, namely, King coconut and Bothal thembili in the variety Aurantiaca, Red, Yellow, Green and Brown dwarf and Murusi in the variety Nana, Bodiri, Dothalu, and Sri Lanka tall. These are included in the variety Typica along with Nipol, which is a natural hybrid being identified to be suitable as beverage coconuts. Out of them the yielding ability was high in King coconut, Red dwarf and Yellow dwarf while Bodiri, Nipol and Dothalu fared well. Many coconut forms suitable for beverage purpose were observed to be having seasonality in nut production. Ensuring adequate soil fertility and prevention of water deficit over prolonged periods were observed to help sustain yield and reduce seasonality in bunch emission. There were no large scale plantations for beverage coconuts in Sri Lanka, and the entire collection was from home gardens and very small scale holdings. It is recommended to establish medium scale holdings with coconut forms having high yield potential as identified in the current study, with proper management guidance to ensure a steady supply of beverage coconuts to the local as well as export market.
Expression of Aintegumenta-like Gene Related to Embryogenic Competence in Coconut Confirmed by 454-pyrosequencing Transcriptome Analysis
Authors: H D D Bandupriya
Published: April 2020

A member of the Aintegumenta sub-family of Apetala gene family encoding two APETALA2 (AP2) domains was isolated and termed as Cocos nucifera Aintegumenta like gene (CnANT). The deduced amino acid sequence of the conserved domains shared a high similarity with Aintegumenta-Like (ANT like) genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, Elaeis guineensis, Oryza sativa.  Comparison of transcriptomes in different tissues revealed that CnANT transcripts were high in mature zygotic embryo (12 months after pollination; 12ME). Quantitative RT-PCR results confirmed the higher CnANT transcript accumulation in mature zygotic embryos while transcripts were rarely detected in vegetative tissues such as leaf. The expression data and global transcriptome data were therefore consistent across the embryo maturity stage and showed that CnANT could play a role in embryogenesis.
Germplasm and Incentives for Boosting Coconut Production: Case Studies from the Pacific Region and Some Other Countries
Authors: Roland Bourdeix
Published: April 2020

The Coconut Industry Development for the Pacific Project (CIDP) is a joint initiative of the Pacific Community, the European Union and the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States. The aim of CIDP is to bolster the coconut sector in the region through improving the competitiveness of small producers and strengthening production and regional integration of related markets. In the framework of this project, CIRAD (French Agricultural Research for Development) was in charge of helping design improved seed production systems and conducting a risk analysis for coconut value chain in the Pacific region. During a meeting held in April 2018 in Fiji, thirty participants from sixteen countries and territories in the Pacific region participated to a brainstorming on incentives for boosting coconut production. In June 2018, CIRAD launched an online survey on the same topic by contacting more than a thousand of coconut stakeholders worldwide. This communication presents the first results of these two initiatives regarding incentives for boosting coconut production, in the Pacific region but also in comparison with countries from other regions.