bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crime Writing in Interwar Britain
Authors: Stewart Victoria
Published: August 2017

The interwar period is often described as the 'Golden Age' of detective fiction, but many other kinds of crime writing, both factual and fictional, were also widely read during these years. Crime Writing in Interwar Britain: Fact and Fiction in the Golden Age considers some of this neglected material in order to provide a richer and more complex view of how crime and criminality were understood between the wars. A number of the authors discussed, including Dorothy L. Sayers, Marie Belloc Lowndes and F. Tennyson Jesse, wrote about crime in essays, book reviews, newspaper articles and works of popular criminology, as well as in novels and short stories. Placing debates about detective fiction in the context of this largely forgotten but rich and diverse culture of writing about crime will give a unique new picture of how criminality and the legal process were considered at this time.
Empire, Emergency and International Law
Authors: Reynolds John
Published: August 2017

What does it mean to say we live in a permanent state of emergency? What are the juridical, political and social underpinnings of that framing? Has international law played a role in producing or challenging the paradigm of normalised emergency? How should we understand the relationship between imperialism, race and emergency legal regimes? In addressing such questions, this book situates emergency doctrine in historical context. It illustrates some of the particular colonial lineages that have shaped the state of emergency, and emphasises that contemporary formations of emergency governance are often better understood not as new or exceptional, but as part of an ongoing historical constellation of racialised emergency politics. The book highlights the connections between emergency law and violence, and encourages alternative approaches to security discourse. It will appeal to scholars and students of international law, colonial history, postcolonialism and human rights, as well as policymakers and social justice advocates.
Inviscid linear stability analysis of two vertical columns of different densities in a gravitational acceleration field
Authors: Prathama Aditya Heru , Pantano Carlos
Published: August 2017

We study the inviscid linear stability of a vertical interface separating two fluids of different densities and subject to a gravitational acceleration field parallel to the interface. In this arrangement, the two free streams are constantly accelerated, which means that the linear stability analysis is not amenable to Fourier or Laplace solution in time. Instead, we derive the equations analytically by the initial-value problem method and express the solution in terms of the well-known parabolic cylinder function. The results, which can be classified as an accelerating Kelvin–Helmholtz configuration, show that even in the presence of surface tension, the interface is unconditionally unstable at all wavemodes. This is a consequence of the ever increasing momentum of the free streams, as gravity accelerates them indefinitely. The instability can be shown to grow as the exponential of a quadratic function of time.
Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) in Ogun State, Nigeria: a pilot survey on genital symptoms and clinical findings
Authors: EKPO U. F. , ODEYEMI O. M. , SAM-WOBO S. O. , ONUNKWOR O. B. , MOGAJI H. O. , OLUWOLE A. S. , ABDUSSALAM H. O. , STOTHARD J. R.
Published: August 2017

The Nigerian national control programme (NCP) for schistosomiasis does not have a specific action plan for female genital schistosomiasis (FGS), mainly due to gaps in epidemiological and clinical surveillance. To address this, we conducted a pilot investigation for FGS in girls (>5 and ≤15 years) and adult women (≥16 years) in four rural communities near Abeokuta, Ogun State. Urine samples were collected from 317 participants [children (n = 187), adults (n = 130)] and examined for ova of S
chistosoma haematobium by microscopy. A total of 149 participants (47·0%) had egg-patent urogenital schistosomiasis [children (64·7%), adults (21·6%)], reported blood in urine was common (44·5%) as well as sign-post symptoms of FGS. To verify FGS directly, 20 adult women each underwent a gynaecological investigation by colposcopy with observed lesions classified according to the WHO FGS pocket atlas. Fourteen (70·0%) women presented with FGS as grainy-sandy patches (n = 10), homogenous yellow sandy patches (n = 6), nabothian cysts and rubbery papules (n = 1). Our study confirms FGS in Ogun State and calls for further appraisals of this disease in other areas where urogenital schistosomiasis is endemic. The Nigerian NCP should be encouraged to develop an appropriate response to FGS not only to detect it, but also to prevent it.
In vitro antileishmanial activity and iron superoxide dismutase inhibition of arylamine Mannich base derivatives
Authors: MARTIN-MONTES ALVARO , SANTIVAÑEZ-VELIZ MERY , MORENO-VIGURI ELSA , MARTÍN-ESCOLANO RUBÉN , JIMÉNEZ-MONTES CARMEN , LOPEZ-GONZALEZ CATALINA , MARÍN CLOTILDE , SANMARTÍN CARMEN , GUTIÉRREZ SÁNCHEZ RAMÓN , SÁNCHEZ-MORENO MANUEL , PÉREZ-SILANES SILVIA
Published: August 2017

Leishmaniasis is one of the world's most neglected diseases, and it has a worldwide prevalence of 12 million. There are no effective human vaccines for its prevention, and treatment is hampered by outdated drugs. Therefore, research aiming at the development of new therapeutic tools to fight leishmaniasis remains a crucial goal today. With this purpose in mind, we present 20 arylaminoketone derivatives with a very interesting in vitro and in vivo efficacy against Trypanosoma cruzi that have now been studied against promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania donovani and Leishmania braziliensis strains. Six out of the 20 Mannich base-type derivatives showed Selectivity Index between 39 and 2337 times higher in the amastigote form than the reference drug glucantime. These six derivatives affected the parasite infectivity rates; the result was lower parasite infectivity rates than glucantime tested at an IC25 dose. In addition, these derivatives were substantially more active against the three Leishmania species tested than glucantime. The mechanism of action of these compounds has been studied, showing a greater alteration in glucose catabolism and leading to greater levels of iron superoxide dismutase inhibition. These molecules could be potential candidates for leishmaniasis chemotherapy.
Domain-Specific Cognitive Recovery after First-Ever Stroke: A 2-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Turunen Katri E.A. , Laari Siiri P.K. , Kauranen Tatu V. , Uimonen Jenni , Mustanoja Satu , Tatlisumak Turgut , Poutiainen Erja
Published: August 2017

Objectives: The aim of this work was to study the change in different cognitive domains after stroke during a 2-year follow-up. Method: We evaluated both neuropsychologically and neurologically a consecutive cohort of working-age patients with a first-ever stroke at baseline (within the first weeks), 6 months, and 2 years after stroke-onset. A total of 153 patients participated in all examinations and were compared to 50 healthy controls. Results: Forty-nine percent of the patients were cognitively impaired at baseline, 41% at 6 months, and 39% at 2-year follow-up. We analyzed seven cognitive domains (impairment rates at baseline and 2-year follow-up): psychomotor speed (34%; 23%), executive functions (27%; 17%), visual memory (21%; 4%), visuospatial function (20%; 14%), verbal memory (18%; 12%), basic language processing (baseline 11%; 6 months 5%), and reasoning (2 years 14%). The patients who were cognitively impaired at baseline improved more within 6 months, than either the controls or cognitively intact patients in all cognitive domains (all p<.05). Later on, between 6 months and 2 years, the domain-specific change scores did not differ between patients who were cognitively intact and impaired at 6 months. Also, the cognitive status (intact or impaired) remained the same in 90% of patients between 6-month and 2-year follow-ups. At 2 years, half of the patients, who were categorized cognitively impaired, were rated as well-recovered according to neurological evaluation. Conclusions: Most of the cognitive improvement took place within 6 months. Long-lasting cognitive impairment was common even after good neurological recovery. An early neuropsychological examination is essential in evaluating cognitive dysfunction and need for rehabilitation. (JINS, 2018, 24, 117–127)
Affluence and emission tradeoffs: evidence from Indonesian households' carbon footprint
Authors: Irfany Mohammad Iqbal , Klasen Stephan
Published: August 2017

This study estimates Indonesian households’ carbon emissions that are attributed to their expenditures in 2005 and 2009 to analyze the pattern, distribution and drivers of their carbon footprint. Employing an input-output-emission-expenditure framework, the authors find a significant difference in household carbon emissions between different affluence levels, regions and educational levels. They also find that, while many household characteristics influence emissions, total expenditure is by far the most important determinant of household emissions, both across households and over time. Consequently, emissions inequality is very similar to expenditure inequality across households. The decomposition analysis confirms that changes in emissions are predominantly due to rising expenditures between the two periods, while expenditure elasticities analysis suggests that the rise in household emissions is mainly caused by the overall rise in total household expenditure, and not by shifting consumption shares among consumption categories. The paper discusses policy options for Indonesia to reduce this very strong expenditure–emissions link.
Deregulation of ZPR1 causes respiratory failure in spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Genabai Naresh K. , Kannan Annapoorna , Ahmad Saif , Jiang Xiaoting , Bhatia Kanchan , Gangwani Laxman
Published: August 2017

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by the low levels of survival motor neuron (SMN) protein and is characterized by motor neuron degeneration and muscle atrophy. Respiratory failure causes death in SMA but the underlying molecular mechanism is unknown. The zinc finger protein ZPR1 interacts with SMN. ZPR1 is down regulated in SMA patients. We report that ZPR1 functions downstream of SMN to regulate HoxA5 levels in phrenic motor neurons that control respiration. Spatiotemporal inactivation of Zpr1 gene in motor neurons down-regulates HoxA5 and causes defects in the function of phrenic motor neurons that results in respiratory failure and perinatal lethality in mice. Modulation in ZPR1 levels directly correlates and influences levels of HoxA5 transcription. In SMA mice, SMN-deficiency causes down-regulation of ZPR1 and HoxA5 that result in degeneration of phrenic motor neurons. Identification of ZPR1 and HoxA5 as potential targets provides a paradigm for developing strategies to treat respiratory distress in SMA.
Two-color heterodyne laser interferometry for long-distance stage measurement with correction of uncertainties in measured optical distances
Authors: Liu Zhaowu , Li Wenhao , Bayanheshig  , Li Xiaotian , Jiang Shan , Song Ying , Lv Qiang
Published: August 2017

We designed a new system that eliminates deviations by correcting uncertainty in optical distance measurements in the laser two-color heterodyne interferometer. In simulations, eliminating the uncertainty from the atmosphere, the deviation in the uncertainty of the optical distance was 50 times greater with the two-color method than with the one-color method. Adding a correction arm reduces the deviation caused by the uncertainties in measured optical distances. The uncertainty in the measured path length is reduced to 20 nm over a path length of 1500 mm, giving a relative uncertainty of 1.34 × 10
−8.
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Zhao Ming , Chen Jiayi , Yuan Yanyan , Zou Zuquan , Lai Xiaolong , Rahmani Daud M , Wang Fuyan , Xi Yang , Huang Qin , Bu Shizhong
Published: August 2017

Some recent studies have suggested that the use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) is associated with cancer development. However, some other studies suggest no such association. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of DPP4i on the risk of developing cancers. The electronic databases PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library and the clinical trial registry were searched for published and unpublished randomized clinical trials on humans. Eligible studies were RCTs conducted in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, comparing DPP4i with a placebo or other active drugs. A total of 72 trials with 35,768 and 33,319 patients enrolled for DPP4i and the comparison drugs, respectively. Overall, no significant associations were detected between the use of DPP4i and cancer development, in comparison with the use of other active drugs or placebo. The results were consistent across pre-defined subgroups stratified by type of DPP4i, type of cancer, drug for comparison, trial duration, or baseline characteristics. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that patients with type 2 diabetes treated with DPP4i do not have a higher risk of developing cancers than patients treated with a placebo or other drugs.
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Induces Apoptosis via ROS-Regulated Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in HepG2 and Hep3B Cells
Authors: Liao Hung-Yu , Kao Chih-Ming , Yao Chao-Ling , Chiu Po-Wei , Yao Chun-Chen , Chen Ssu-Ching
Published: August 2017

2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) has been reported to cause numerous adverse effects. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying TNT-induced liver toxicity need to be elucidated. In this study, we used HepG2 (p53wt) and Hep3B (p53null) cell lines to investigate the cytotoxic effects of TNT. At first, we found that TNT significantly decreased cell viability and induced DNA damage. Thereafter, through transcriptomic analysis, we observed that the diverse biological functions affected included mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction was evidenced by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased expression of cleaved-caspase-9&-3 and increased caspase-3/7 activity, indicating that apoptosis had occurred. In addition, the expressions of some ER stress-related proteins had increased. Next, we investigated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in TNT-induced cellular toxicity. The levels of DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress and apoptosis were alleviated when the cells were pretreated with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). These results indicated that TNT caused the ROS dependent apoptosis via ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, the cells transfected with CHOP siRNA significantly reversed the TNT-induced apoptosis, which indicated that ER stress led to apoptosis. Overall, we examined TNT-induced apoptosis via ROS dependent mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress in HepG2 and Hep3B cells.
Delimiting species of Protaphorura (Collembola: Onychiuridae): integrative evidence based on morphology, DNA sequences and geography
Authors: Sun Xin , Zhang Feng , Ding Yinhuan , Davies Thomas W. , Li Yu , Wu Donghui
Published: August 2017

Species delimitation remains a significant challenge when the diagnostic morphological characters are limited. Integrative taxonomy was applied to the genusProtaphorura(Collembola: Onychiuridae), which is one of most difficult soil animals to distinguish taxonomically. Three delimitation approaches (morphology, molecular markers and geography) were applied providing rigorous species validation criteria with an acceptably low error rate. Multiple molecular approaches, including distance- and evolutionary model-based methods, were used to determine species boundaries based on 144 standard barcode sequences. Twenty-two molecular putative species were consistently recovered across molecular and geographical analyses. Geographic criteria were was proved to be an efficient delimitation method for onychiurids. Further morphological examination, based on the combination of the number of pseudocelli, parapseudocelli and ventral mesothoracic chaetae, confirmed 18 taxa of 22 molecular units, with six of them described as new species. These characters were found to be of high taxonomical value. This study highlights the potential benefits of integrative taxonomy, particularly simultaneous use of molecular/geographical tools, as a powerful way of ascertaining the true diversity of the Onychiuridae. Our study also highlights that discovering new morphological characters remains central to achieving a full understanding of collembolan taxonomy.
Computational identification of Y-linked markers and genes in the grass carp genome by using a pool-and-sequence method
Authors: Zhang Aidi , Huang Rong , Chen Liangming , Xiong Lv , He Libo , Li Yongming , Liao Lanjie , Zhu Zuoyan , Wang Yaping
Published: August 2017

The molecular analysis of sex in vertebrates is important, as it has the potential to provide vital information for theoretical and applied research alike. Teleost fish are the ancient vertebrates that present a broad sex chromosome system but lack differentiated sex chromosomes in most species. Hence understanding the sex in fish would not only illuminate the sex determination evolution in vertebrates but also shed light on fish farming. In the present study, we used grass carp as a teleost fish model, studied the Y chromosome by using a pool-and-sequence strategy in combination with fragment-ratio method. In total, we identified five Y-linked scaffolds (totaling 347 Kb) and six Y-specific sequences that could be used as sex-specific markers, demonstrating the suitability of NGS-based re-sequencing of pooled DNAs for the identification of sex markers in fish. Moreover, 14 putative Y-linked genes were described for the first time. All the genes, except for un-y1, un-y2, and ubq-y, showed high similarity to their female homologs. RT-PCR revealed that ubq-y was only expressed in the male hypothalamus and pituitary. These findings provided an abundant resource for the Y chromosome of grass carp, and may help elucidate sex chromosome evolution in cyprinid fish.
Alteration of sheep coat color pattern by disruption of ASIP gene via CRISPR Cas9
Authors: Zhang Xuemei , Li Wenrong , Liu Chenxi , Peng Xinrong , Lin Jiapeng , He Sangang , Li Xuejiao , Han Bing , Zhang Ning , Wu Yangsheng , Chen Lei , Wang Liqin , MaYila  , Huang Juncheng , Liu Mingjun
Published: August 2017

Coat color is an important characteristic and economic trait in domestic sheep. Aiming at alteration of Chinese merino sheep coat color by genome manipulation, we disrupted sheep agouti signaling protein gene by CRISPR/Cas9. A total of seven indels were identified in 5 of 6 born lambs. Each targeted lamb happened at least two kinds of modifications, and targeted lambs with multiple modifications displayed variety of coat color patterns. Three lambs with 4 bp deletion showed badgerface with black body coat color in two lambs, and brown coat color with light ventral pigmentation in another one. The black-white spotted color was observed in two lambs with 2 bp deletion. Further analysis unraveled that modifications happened in one or more than two copies of ASIP gene, and moreover, the additional spontaneous mutations of D9 and/or D5 preceding the targeting modification could also involve the formation of coat color patterns. Taken together, the entanglement of ASIP modifications by CRISPR/Cas9, spontaneous D9/D5 mutations, and ASIP gene duplications contributed to the variety of coat color patterns in targeted lambs.
Identification of ciguatoxins in a shark involved in a fatal food poisoning in the Indian Ocean
Authors: Diogène Jorge , Reverté Laia , Rambla-Alegre Maria , del Río Vanessa , de la Iglesia Pablo , Campàs Mònica , Palacios Oscar , Flores Cintia , Caixach Josep , Ralijaona Christian , Razanajatovo Iony , Pirog Agathe , Magalon Hélène , Arnich Nathalie , Turquet Jean
Published: August 2017

Severe food poisoning events after the consumption of sharks have been reported since the 1940s; however, there has been no clear understanding of their cause. Herein, we report for the first time the presence of ciguatoxins (CTXs) in sharks. The identification by mass spectrometry of CTXs, including two new analogues, in a bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas) that was consumed by humans, causing the poisoning and death of 11 people in Madagascar in 2013 is described. Typical neurotoxic ciguatera symptoms were recorded in patients, and toxicological assays on extracts of the shark demonstrated CTX-like activity. These results confirm this episode as a ciguatera poisoning event and expand the range of pelagic fish species that are involved in ciguatera in the Indian Ocean. Additionally, gambieric acid D, a molecule originally described in CTX-producing microalgae, was identified for the first time in fish. This finding can contribute to a better understanding of trophic relations within food webs. The present work confirms that consumption of sharks from the Indian Ocean should be considered a ciguatera risk, and actions should be taken to evaluate its magnitude and risk in order to manage shark fisheries.
Biogenesis of Pro-senescent Microparticles by Endothelial Colony Forming Cells from Premature Neonates is driven by SIRT1-Dependent Epigenetic Regulation of MKK6
Authors: Simoncini Stéphanie , Chateau Anne-Line , Robert Stéphane , Todorova Dilyana , Yzydorzick Catherine , Lacroix Romaric , Ligi Isabelle , Louis Laurence , Bachelier Richard , Simeoni Umberto , Magdinier Frédérique , Dignat-George Françoise , Sabatier Florence
Published: August 2017

Senescent cells may exert detrimental effect on microenvironment through the secretion of soluble factors and the release of extracellular vesicles, such as microparticles, key actors in ageing and cardiovascular diseases. We previously reported that sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) deficiency drives accelerated senescence and dysfunction of endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC) in PT neonates. Because preterm birth (PT) increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases during neonatal period as well as at adulthood, we hypothesized that SIRT1 deficiency could control the biogenesis of microparticles as part of a senescence–associated secretory phenotype (SASP) of PT-ECFC and investigated the related molecular mechanisms. Compared to control ECFC, PT-ECFC displayed a SASP associated with increased release of endothelial microparticles (EMP), mediating a paracrine induction of senescence in naïve endothelial cells. SIRT1 level inversely correlated with EMP release and drives PT-ECFC vesiculation. Global transcriptomic analysis revealed changes in stress response pathways, specifically the MAPK pathway. We delineate a new epigenetic mechanism by which SIRT1 deficiency regulates MKK6/p38MAPK/Hsp27 pathway to promote EMP biogenesis in senescent ECFC. These findings deepen our understanding of the role of ECFC senescence in the disruption of endothelial homeostasis and provide potential new targets towards the control of cardiovascular risk in individuals born preterm.
A complex network analysis of ethnic conflicts and human rights violations
Authors: Sharma Kiran , Sehgal Gunjan , Gupta Bindu , Sharma Geetika , Chatterjee Arnab , Chakraborti Anirban , Shroff Gautam
Published: August 2017

News reports in media contain records of a wide range of socio-economic and political events in time. Using a publicly available, large digital database of news records, and aggregating them over time, we study the network of ethnic conflicts and human rights violations. Complex network analyses of the events and the involved actors provide important insights on the engaging actors, groups, establishments and sometimes nations, pointing at their long range effect over space and time. We find power law decays in distributions of actor mentions, co-actor mentions and degrees and dominance of influential actors and groups. Most influential actors or groups form a giant connected component which grows in time, and is expected to encompass all actors globally in the long run. We demonstrate how targeted removal of actors may help stop spreading unruly events. We study the cause-effect relation between types of events, and our quantitative analysis confirm that ethnic conflicts lead to human rights violations, while it does not support the converse.
Magnetic diversity in three-dimensional two-fold-interpenetrated structures: a story of two compounds
Authors: Rao Purna Chandra , Chaudhary Sonu Pratap , Arjun U. , Kuznetsov Denis , Nath Ramesh Chandra , Mandal Sukhendu
Published: August 2017

A two-fold-interpenetrated three-dimensional nickel-based hybrid structure exhibited canted-antiferromagnetic and field-induced spin-flop transitions.
Preparation of monopodal and bipodal aluminum surface species by selective protonolysis of highly reactive [AlH3(NMe2Et)] on silica
Authors: Sauter D. W. , Chiari V. , Aykac N. , Bouaouli S. , Perrin L. , Delevoye L. , Gauvin R. M. , Szeto K. C. , Boisson C. , Taoufik M.
Published: August 2017

The reaction of [AlH3(NMe2Et)] with silica treated at 200 °C leads to a well-defined bipodal aluminum hydride while with silica treated at 700 °C a mixture of mono- and bi-podal aluminum hydrides is obtained.
Development of suspect and non-target screening methods for detection of organic contaminants in highway runoff and fish tissue with high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Du Bowen , Lofton Jonathan M. , Peter Katherine T. , Gipe Alexander D. , James C. Andrew , McIntyre Jenifer K. , Scholz Nathaniel L. , Baker Joel E. , Kolodziej Edward P.
Published: August 2017

Processing of paired water and tissue samples facilitated contaminant prioritization and aided investigation of chemical bioavailability and uptake processes.
Highly regio- and stereoselective trans-iodofluorination of ynamides enabling the synthesis of (E)-α-fluoro-β-iodoenamides
Authors: Xi Yang , Zhu Guohao , Tang Luning , Ma Shihan , Zhang Dongming , Zhang Rong , He Guangke , Zhu Hongjun
Published: August 2017

A highly regio- and stereoselective trans-iodofluorination of N-(1-alkynyl)amides with NIS and Et3N·3HF was achieved, affording (E)-α-fluoro-β-iodoenamides in moderate to excellent yields.
Phosphine-catalyzed intramolecular Rauhut–Currier reaction: enantioselective synthesis of hydro-2H-indole derivatives
Authors: Jin Hongxing , Zhang Qinglong , Li Erqing , Jia Penghao , Li Ning , Huang You
Published: August 2017

A highly enantioselective intramolecular Rauhut–Currier reaction catalyzed by a multifunctional chiral aminophosphine catalyst was reported.
Surface chemistry of water-dispersed detonation nanodiamonds modified by atmospheric DC plasma afterglow
Authors: Stenclova Pavla , Celedova Vladyslava , Artemenko Anna , Jirasek Vit , Jira Jaroslav , Rezek Bohuslav , Kromka Alexander
Published: August 2017

DC discharge afterglow cause rearrangement of oxygen and carbon moieties on asrec-DNDs while maintaining zeta-potential and opposite trend on O-DNDs.
Hydrothermal fabrication of reduced graphene oxide/activated carbon/MnO2 hybrids with excellent electrochemical performance for supercapacitors
Authors: Li Yue , Xu Lanshu , Gao Jianmin , Jin Xiaojuan
Published: August 2017

A graphene/activated carbon/MnO2 (GAM) composite was synthesized by transferring to a hydrothermal synthesis reactor and maintained at 140 °C for 2 h.
A series of high-energy coordination polymers with 3,6-bis(4-nitroamino-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-1,4,2,5-dioxadiazine, a ligand with multi-coordination sites, high oxygen content and detonation performance: syntheses, structures, and performance
Authors: Shen Cheng , Xu Yuan-gang , Lu Ming
Published: August 2017

Several high-energy coordination polymers, {Ag2(BNOD)(DMF)2}n (1), {Ag2(BNOD)}n (1a), and {Cu(BNOD)(H2O)6}n (2), have been studied with outstanding performance.
One-pot synthesis of molybdenum oxide nanoparticles encapsulated in hollow silica spheres: an efficient and reusable catalyst for epoxidation of olefins
Authors: Kuwahara Yasutaka , Furuichi Naoyuki , Seki Hiroyuki , Yamashita Hiromi
Published: August 2017

A facile one-pot method was developed to synthesize hollow silica spheres encapsulating MoOx nanoparticles, which could act as an efficient and reusable catalyst in olefin epoxidation.
Devising new lipid-coated calcium phosphate/carbonate hybrid nanoparticles for controlled release in endosomes for efficient gene delivery
Authors: Wu Yilun , Gu Wenyi , Tang Jie , Xu Zhi Ping
Published: August 2017

New hybrid nanoparticles can efficiently deliver dsDNA/siRNA to cancer cells, with the gene release precisely controlled in the endosomal pH range.
Biomaterials for polynucleotide delivery to anchorage-independent cells
Authors: Ansari Aysha S. , Santerre Paul J. , Uludağ Hasan
Published: August 2017

Comparison of various chemical vectors used for polynucleotide delivery to mammalian anchorage-independent cells.
Amorphous polymer with CO to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhuang Xueheng , Zhou Kang , Cai Chang , Hu Ziyang , Zhang Jing , Zhu Yuejin
Published: August 2017

Morphology and crystallinity of perovskite layers are crucial for power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
A review of properties influencing the conductivity of CNT/Cu composites and their applications in wearable/flexible electronics
Authors: Jayathilaka W. A. D. M. , Chinnappan Amutha , Ramakrishna Seeram
Published: August 2017

Review on fabrication aspects govern the conductivity of CNT/Cu composites and applications in wearable/flexible electronics.
Host-sensitized luminescence of Dy3+ in LuNbO4 under ultraviolet light and low-voltage electron beam excitation: energy transfer and white emission
Authors: Liu Chunmeng , Zhou Weijie , Shi Rui , Lin Litian , Zhou Rongfu , Chen Jun , Li Zhibing , Liang Hongbin
Published: August 2017

A single-phase intense white-light-emission is achieved in LuNbO4:Dy3+ phosphors.
(Central) Auditory Processing Disorder Grand Rounds: Multiple Cases, Multiple Causes, Multiple Outcomes
Authors: Richburg Cynthia McCormick , Atcherson Samuel R. , Findlen Ursula M. , Wakefield Sarah , Benafield Natalie J.
Published: August 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this article was to provide multiple examples of how (central) auditory processing disorder ([C]APD) is being evaluated and treated at various audiology clinics throughout the United States.

Method

The authors present 5 cases highlighting the diagnosis and treatment of (C)APD in children and adults. Similarities and differences between these cases have been showcased through detailed histories, evaluation protocol, and treatment options. When possible, the rationale for evaluation procedures and intervention processes were described and compared with guidelines and findings within the literature.

Results and Conclusions

These cases illustrate the varied processes and clinical protocols by which children and adults are evaluated, diagnosed, counseled, and treated for (C)APD. In addition, similarities and differences between the referral source, evaluation team, developmental history, comorbidities, test battery, recommendations, and remediations were described. The multiple clinic sites, diversity of clinical philosophies, variety of test measures, and diversity of patient populations make these cases ideal for showcasing the assortment of methodologies used with patients who present with histories and characteristics consistent with (C)APD.
Visuospatial and Verbal Short-Term Memory Correlates of Vocabulary Ability in Preschool Children
Authors: Stokes Stephanie F. , Klee Thomas , Kornisch Myriam , Furlong Lisa
Published: August 2017

Background

Recent studies indicate that school-age children's patterns of performance on measures of verbal and visuospatial short-term memory (STM) and working memory (WM) differ across types of neurodevelopmental disorders. Because these disorders are often characterized by early language delay, administering STM and WM tests to toddlers could improve prediction of neurodevelopmental outcomes. Toddler-appropriate verbal, but not visuospatial, STM and WM tasks are available. A toddler-appropriate visuospatial STM test is introduced.

Method

Tests of verbal STM, visuospatial STM, expressive vocabulary, and receptive vocabulary were administered to 92 English-speaking children aged 2–5 years.

Results

Mean test scores did not differ for boys and girls. Visuospatial and verbal STM scores were not significantly correlated when age was partialed out. Age, visuospatial STM scores, and verbal STM scores accounted for unique variance in expressive (51%, 3%, and 4%, respectively) and receptive vocabulary scores (53%, 5%, and 2%, respectively) in multiple regression analyses.

Conclusion

Replication studies, a fuller test battery comprising visuospatial and verbal STM and WM tests, and a general intelligence test are required before exploring the usefulness of these STM tests for predicting longitudinal outcomes. The lack of an association between the STM tests suggests that the instruments have face validity and test independent STM skills.
Synthesis of α-Amino Esters via α-Nitro or α-Oxime Esters: A Review
Authors: Janin Yves , Hervin Vincent , Coutant Eloi , Gagnot Glwadys
Published: August 2017

This review is an in-depth survey of the reported synthetic approaches for the preparation of racemic α-amino esters via the reduction of α-nitro or α-oxime ester intermediates. Accordingly, it describes the many pathways that have been designed to prepare such intermediates­. This includes synthesis starting with α-nitroacetates, dialkyl malonates, acetoacetates, diethyl oxalates as well as [2+3] or [2+4] cycloadditions using, respectively, alkyl carbonocyanidate N-oxides or alkyl 2-nitrosoacrylates. This review also contains the description of a myriad of side reactions which can occur when working with α-nitro esters­.

1 Introduction

2 α-Amino Esters from α-Nitroacetates via Condensation Reactions

3 α-Amino Esters via C-Alkylation or C-Arylation of α-Nitroacetates

4 α-Amino Esters from α-Nitroacetates Using Other Reactions

5 Synthesis of α-Amino Esters via α-Oxime Esters

6 Synthesis of α-Amino Esters via [2+3] Cycloadditions

7 Synthesis of α-Amino Esters via [2+4] Cycloadditions

8 On the Reduction of α-Oxime Esters

9 Conclusion
Continuous representations of scalar products of Bethe vectors
Authors: Galleas W.
Published: August 2017

We present families of single determinantal representations of on-shell scalar products of Bethe vectors. Our families of representations are parameterized by a continuous complex variable which can be fixed at one’s convenience. Here we consider Bethe vectors in two versions of the six-vertex model: the case with boundary twists and the case with open boundaries.
Electron flat-top distributions and cross-scale wave modulations observed in the current sheet of geomagnetic tail
Authors: Zhao Duo , Fu Suiyan , Parks George K. , Sun Weijie , Zong Qiugang , Pan Dongxiao , Wu Tong
Published: August 2017

We present new observations of electron distributions and the accompanying waves during the current sheet activities at ∼60 RE in the geomagnetic tail detected by the ARTEMIS (Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence, and Electrodynamics of the Moon's Interaction with the Sun) spacecraft. We find that electron flat-top distribution is a common feature near the neutral sheet of the tailward flowing plasmas, consistent with the electron distributions that are shaped in the reconnection region. Whistler mode waves are generated by the anisotropic electron temperature associated with the electron flat-top distributions. These whistler mode waves are modulated by low frequency ion scale waves that are possibly excited by the high-energy ions injected during the current sheet instability. The magnetic and electric fields of the ion scale waves are in phase with electron density variations, indicating that they are compressional ion cyclotron waves. Our observations present examples of the dynamical processes occurring during the current sheet activities far downstream of the geomagnetic tail.
Anomalous relaxation kinetics and charge-density-wave correlations in underdoped BaPb

1−
x

Bi

x

O
3
Authors: Nicoletti D. , Casandruc E. , Fu D. , Giraldo-Gallo P. , Fisher I. R. , Cavalleri A.
Published: August 2017

Significance

We present measurements of transient photoconductivity in BaPb

1−
x

Bi

x

O
3
(BPBO)––a poorly understood material belonging to the bismuthate family, which has been coined “the other high-temperature superconductor.” The phase diagram of BPBO encompasses charge-density-wave (CDW) order in BaBiO
3
(
x
= 1), through superconductivity for intermediate compositions, to bad metal behavior in BaPbO
3
(
x
= 0). We present evidence for the coexistence of CDW order and superconductivity for underdoped compositions of BPBO––something that has been discussed previously, but never definitively established. These results are especially timely given that CDW correlations have recently been found in some underdoped cuprate superconductors, pointing toward a surprising commonality between some aspects of these materials. Our measurements also put energy scales on the associated charge order.
British popular newspaper traditions
Authors: Conboy Martin
Published: August 2017

This article traces continuities within the development of British popular newspaper traditions from the Sunday weekly publications of the early and mid-nineteenth century, through the rise of the mass daily press and culminating in the launch of the first British newspaper that could be accurately termed “tabloid” in both format and style: the Daily Mirror. It is claimed that an explicit appeal in these newspapers to readers who see themselves as outside a privileged elite and a corresponding critical approach to elites, both political and social, has always formed part of this commercially successful manifestation of popular culture.
The Poor Man’s Guardian
Authors: Claridge Claudia
Published: August 2017

Radical papers like The Poor Man’s Guardian had an important role in bringing about class consciousness in nineteenth-century Britain. The newspaper linguistically constructs three groups involved in the class struggle in an extended us vs. them deictic constellation, namely the rich and powerful “capitalists” vs. the working class and the radical journalists. Strategies of delegitimisation, such as third-person forms, derogatory epithets, scare quotes, are used for the rich. The other side is split into we-the journalists and we/you-working class readers. The latter are presented positively in contrast to the rich, but also as ignorant, immature, and in need of education by the journalists. The strongly pathos-oriented rhetorical style of the paper underlines the didactic aim of the paper.
The public identity of Jack the Ripper in late nineteenth-century British newspapers
Authors: Nevala Minna
Published: August 2017

The article studies evaluative language in 200 newspaper articles from the latter half of 1888, focusing on the five canonical Ripper murders. The aim is to study terms used to refer to the Ripper and his murders on the basis of the parameters of intensity, solidarity, and objectivity. This pilot study discusses how in the newspapers the public identity of Jack the Ripper was ultimately developed from a plain perpetrator into a murderous maniac capable of monstrous deeds. The findings indicate that an increase in intensity seems to be linked to a decrease in both solidarity and objectivity. Thus, negative evaluation was increasingly used and person reference to the Ripper changed towards extreme negativity over a relatively short period of time.
Effect of tempering temperatures on microstructures and properties of 0.28C–0.22Ti wear-resistant steel
Authors: Dong Chen , Wu Huibin , Wang Xitao
Published: August 2017

The microstructures and properties of a 0.28C–0.22Ti low-alloy wear-resistant steel at different temperatures from 200 to 600°C was experimentally studied. It is shown that the wear resistance of the steel is not monotone changing with its hardness and strength. With the increase of the tempering temperature, the tensile strength and the hardness of the steels were gradually declined; however, the wear resistance was first decreased and then increased. The TiC particles can be divided into two classes: the small TiC particles (about 0.3–0.4 µm in diameter) and the coarse TiC particles (1–5 µm in diameter). The small TiC particles can improve the yield strength of the steels, and the coarse TiC particles can improve the wear resistance of the tested steels.
Movement concepts approach in studies on flamenco dancing: A systematic review
Authors: Forczek Wanda , Baena‐Chicón Irene , Vargas‐Macías Alfonso
Published: August 2017

Background: Flamenco is a highly emotional and demanding dance form. It is important to understand how the dancer's body works in order to improve fitness levels and reduce injuries. Thus, our investigation reviewed studies on kinesiological aspects of flamenco over recent years. Methods: The review was restricted to experimental studies. Literature searches were conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Ebsco: SPORTDiscus with Full Text, Medline, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, Health Source – Consumer Edition. After limiting the search, 180 potential articles remained for analysis. Results: A total of 27 papers on different aspects of flamenco dance were finally selected: biomechanics (14), podiatry (6), injury incidence (3), anthropometry (2), and physiology (2). These studies have applied well‐established methods from sports studies. However, we noted a number of potential limitations when applied to flamenco. Conclusions: The evidence from this review shows that flamenco dancing demands high levels of effort. Further research is required to understand how the dancer's body works in order to improve fitness levels and reduce injuries. Most of the results presented here are consistent among studies. However, there is a great scarcity of research addressing flamenco movement in a more comprehensive perspective.
Microtubule cross-linking activity of She1 ensures spindle stability for spindle positioning
Authors: Zhu Yili , An Xiaojing , Tomaszewski Alexis , Hepler Peter K. , Lee Wei-Lih
Published: August 2017

Dynein mediates spindle positioning in budding yeast by pulling on astral microtubules (MTs) from the cell cortex. The MT-associated protein She1 regulates dynein activity along astral MTs and directs spindle movements toward the bud cell. In addition to localizing to astral MTs, She1 also targets to the spindle, but its role on the spindle remains unknown. Using function-separating alleles, live-cell spindle assays, and in vitro biochemical analyses, we show that She1 is required for the maintenance of metaphase spindle stability. She1 binds and cross-links MTs via a C-terminal MT-binding site. She1 can also self-assemble into ring-shaped oligomers. In cells, She1 stabilizes interpolar MTs, preventing spindle deformations during movement, and we show that this activity is regulated by Ipl1/Aurora B phosphorylation during cell cycle progression. Our data reveal how She1 ensures spindle integrity during spindle movement across the bud neck and suggest a potential link between regulation of spindle integrity and dynein pathway activity.
Associations of Residential Socioeconomic, Food, and Built Environments With Glycemic Control in Persons With Diabetes in New York City From 2007–2013
Authors: Tabaei Bahman P , Rundle Andrew G , Wu Winfred Y , Horowitz Carol R , Mayer Victoria , Sheehan Daniel M , Chamany Shadi
Published: August 2017

In the present study, we examined the longitudinal associations between residential environmental factors and glycemic control in 182,756 adults with diabetes in New York City from 2007 to 2013. Glycemic control was defined as a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level less than 7%. We constructed residential-level measures and performed principle component analysis to formulate a residential composite score. On the basis of this score, we divided residential areas into quintiles, with the lowest and highest quintiles reflecting the least and most advantaged residential environments, respectively. Several residential-level environmental characteristics, including more advantaged socioeconomic conditions, greater ratio of healthy food outlets to unhealthy food outlets, and residential walkability were associated with increased glycemic control. Individuals who lived continuously in the most advantaged residential areas took less time to achieve glycemic control compared with the individuals who lived continuously in the least advantaged residential areas (9.9 vs. 11.5 months). Moving from less advantaged residential areas to more advantaged residential areas was related to improved diabetes control (decrease in HbA1c = 0.40%, 95% confidence interval: 0.22, 0.55), whereas moving from more advantaged residential areas to less advantaged residential areas was related to worsening diabetes control (increase in HbA1c = 0.33%, 95% confidence interval: 0.24, 0.44). These results show that residential areas with greater resources to support healthy food and residential walkability are associated with improved glycemic control in persons with diabetes.
Novel approaches for bioinformatic analysis of salivary RNA sequencing data for development
Authors: Kaczor-Urbanowicz Karolina Elżbieta , Kim Yong , Li Feng , Galeev Timur , Kitchen Rob R , Gerstein Mark , Koyano Kikuye , Jeong Sung-Hee , Wang Xiaoyan , Elashoff David , Kang So Young , Kim Su Mi , Kim Kyoung , Kim Sung , Chia David , Xiao Xinshu , Rozowsky Joel , Wong David T W
Published: August 2017

Motivation

Analysis of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data in human saliva is challenging. Lack of standardization and unification of the bioinformatic procedures undermines saliva‘s diagnostic potential. Thus, it motivated us to perform this study.

Results

We applied principal pipelines for bioinformatic analysis of small RNA-Seq data of saliva of 98 healthy Korean volunteers including either direct or indirect mapping of the reads to the human genome using Bowtie1. Analysis of alignments to exogenous genomes by another pipeline revealed that almost all of the reads map to bacterial genomes. Thus, salivary exRNA has fundamental properties that warrant the design of unique additional steps while performing the bioinformatic analysis. Our pipelines can serve as potential guidelines for processing of RNA-Seq data of human saliva.

Availability and implementation

Processing and analysis results of the experimental data generated by the exceRpt (v4.6.3) small RNA-seq pipeline (github.gersteinlab.org/exceRpt) are available from exRNA atlas (exrna-atlas.org). Alignment to exogenous genomes and their quantification results were used in this paper for the analyses of small RNAs of exogenous origin.
psygenet2r: a R/Bioconductor package for the analysis of psychiatric disease genes
Authors: Gutiérrez-Sacristán Alba , Hernández-Ferrer Carles , González Juan R , Furlong Laura I
Published: August 2017

Motivation

Psychiatric disorders have a great impact on morbidity and mortality. Genotype–phenotype resources for psychiatric diseases are key to enable the translation of research findings to a better care of patients. PsyGeNET is a knowledge resource on psychiatric diseases and their genes, developed by text mining and curated by domain experts.

Results

We present psygenet2r, an R package that contains a variety of functions for leveraging PsyGeNET database and facilitating its analysis and interpretation. The package offers different types of queries to the database along with variety of analysis and visualization tools, including the study of the anatomical structures in which the genes are expressed and gaining insight of gene‘s molecular function. Psygenet2r is especially suited for network medicine analysis of psychiatric disorders.

Availability and implementation

The package is implemented in R and is available under MIT license from Bioconductor (http://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/psygenet2r.html).

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.