bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF A LOGIT MODEL TO IDENTIFY SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHOICE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT FOR DAILY TRIPS – A CASE STUDY BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE GÓRNOŚLĄSKA-ZAGŁĘBIOWSKA METROPOLIS (POLAND)
Authors: MACIOSZEK Elżbieta , ŚWIERK Paulina , GRANÀ Anna , SOBOTA Aleksander
Published: December 2024

The attractiveness of an offer is the main factor in determining the demand for public transport services, which goes beyond just the transportation itself and includes various accompanying aspects. Before starting their journey, many people confront the dilemma of choosing a mode of transportation. Often, this choice depends on individual habits. Individuals who possess a passenger vehicle cannot justify the advisability of using it instead of bike or public transportation. The primary objective of the present article was to determine the factors that impact the utilization of public transportation services while traveling. The research used data from surveys conducted among the inhabitants of the Górnośląska-Zagłębiowska Metropolis. During the modeling process, the authors used logit models, which have been used in different countries globally to show the behavior of public transport users, as shown in the literature review. However, the factors that impact the decision to use public transportation by the residents of the GórnośląskoZagłębiowska Metropolis remain unexamined. The current results suggest that the choice of a hypothetical travel scenario is mainly influenced by age, education, and employment status. However, no correlation with the gender of potential public transport users was found. Other variables not considered in this study may also impact public transport usage. Nevertheless, the findings lay the groundwork for more extensive, in-depth analyses incorporating a broader range of independent variables that could influence public transport use. The research results, when combined with the application of mobility management tools, could serve as a means to better shape the transport offerings. By enhancing the attractiveness of public transport, ticket revenue would likely increase, leading to an improved financial situation for the communes within the GórnośląskaZagłębiowska Metropolis. This would also align with the principles of sustainable transport development policy.
VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF A MACPHERSON TYPE SUSPENSION SYSTEM
Authors: GEORGIEV Zlatin , KUNCHEV Lilo
Published: December 2024

The road surface disturbs the pneumatic tyre in the contact patch with different frequencies. The disturbing frequency depends on the speed of the vehicle and the wavelength of the road irregularities. In the current study, the propagation of the vibrations created at the contact patch through the suspension is presented. The oscillations are transmitted to the car body through the rubber mounts and the support joints. When these vibrations reach body panels (roof and floor panels, windows, etc.), they are transmitted to the air and, thus, the structure-borne noise in the passenger compartment is created. The structure-borne noise defines the vehicle comfort for the frequency range up to 400 Hz. The main task of noise, vibration, and harshness engineers is to avoid coupling between tyre and chassis elements’ natural modes, which significantly increases the level of structural noise in the passenger compartment. The accelerations of the oscillations were measured for different points of the suspension and the car body. The measurements were taken for two sets of tyres (summer and winter) of the same size and mounted on the same rims. The disturbing frequency was in the range of the tyre’s natural modes. The results for the two sets of tyres were compared. The measurements were taken for different air pressure in them. This comparison shows the effect of the tyre type on the structure-borne propagation and determines whether increased noise levels are due to the resonance of the tyre or a suspension element. In addition, a finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted. The model points out the exact element responsible for the high levels of vibrations. Thus, the coupling between the tyre and suspension natural modes can be avoided.
CAPACITY OF AN AIRPORT SECURITY SCREENING CHECKPOINT UNDER VARIOUS OPERATIONAL CONDITIONS
Authors: SKORUPSKI Jacek , UCHROŃSKI Piotr , CHRUZIK Katarzyna , KRZYŻEWSKA Iwona , LETUN-ŁĄTKA Magdalena , ŻMIGRODZKA Małgorzata , UCHROŃSKI Jerzy
Published: December 2024

The equipment of airport security screening checkpoints undergoes frequent modifications due to technological or organizational changes. New solutions complement or replace existing ones to improve the effectiveness of the equipment or formal requirements. An example of this process is the replacement of the walk-through metal detection gate with a newer solution: the body scanner. The present study aimed to analyze the capacity of an airport security checkpoint under different operational conditions, depending on the equipment used. For this purpose, a previously created model (implemented as a colored, timed, stochastic Petri net) was used. Simulation studies were performed in four real-world operational scenarios, and their results were compared to those of a nominal scenario. The results show that, in terms of capacity, it may be advantageous to redirect a more significant stream of passengers to a station equipped with a specific device, depending on the specific operational situation. The results demonstrate the necessity of analyzing the applied strategy of operation with each change in the operational environment. In particular, for an airport with characteristics similar to Katowice Airport, using older technology is beneficial under nominal conditions and after increasing the staffing so that both genders work simultaneously. In other cases, the more intensive use of Body Scanner-equipped security screening checkpoints is advantageous.
A Study of Acclimatization Media on Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) Plantlets Produced from Meristem Culture
Authors: Dwiyani Rindang , Fitriani Yuyun , Ana Francis Geren Sta , Bimantara Putu Oki
Published: December 2024

Acclimatization is the final stage of propagation by in vitro culture. This phase is crucial in micropropagation, as it will determine the survival of plantlets outside culture jars. This phase’s efforts should ensure optimal conditions, including the media type. This study sought the best media for acclimating strawberry plantlets produced under meristem culture. The research employed the randomized block design, utilizing 7 various media treatments, which include husk charcoal; perlite; cocopeat; perlite + husk charcoal; soil + sand; husk charcoal + cocopeat; and perlite + cocopeat. The media mix was set at 1:1 a ratio (weight/weight), with 9 replicates. The chemical properties of the media were then analyzed, including several parameters such as organic C, total N, and water content. Several parameters were observed for plantlet’s growth parameters, including plant survival rates, number of leaves per plant, average leaf area, and root fresh weight. The results found that cocopeat was the best medium for acclimating strawberry plantlets. In cocopeat media, the plant survival rate reached 96.68%, with the leaves number of 7.67 plant-1, an average leaf area of 120.92 cm2 plant-1, and root fresh weight of 4.30 g plant-1. These results indicate that cocopeat is a medium derived from coconut fiber powder, a natural resource that can be renewed sustainably and produces better plant plantlet growth.
Educational Attainment on the Production of Organic Fertilizer and Botanical Pesticides in Gumawang, Central Java, Indonesia: A Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Number 2
Authors: Widijanto Hery , Marsal Cristalina Jalil , Melati Arum , Haq Ghulam Zakiyya Thoriqul , Adzhani Naufal Iman , Ningrum Ni Kadek Sathya , Prayoga Ridwan Priyo , Andjani Salsabila , Pramesthy Shafira Dwi , Lathifa Marianna Nur
Published: December 2024

The successful implementation of organic farming practices often hinges on factors beyond mere technological innovation, with socio-economic and educational variables playing crucial roles, especially in Gumawang, Central Java. This study aimed to provide insights into how educational interventions can contribute to achieving sustainable development goal (SDG) number 2 in rural communities in Gumawang, Central Java, Indonesia. The research investigates the relationship between education levels and the adoption of sustainable agriculture practices using a mixed-methods approach, which includes surveys, interviews, and observations. The results indicate a notable association between elevated educational attainment and the adoption of organic farming methodologies, encompassing the utilization of eco-friendly fertilizers and pesticides. Moreover, the research examines the significance of education in augmenting farmers’ understanding, competencies, and consciousness regarding sustainable agricultural methodologies, consequently making a valuable contribution to food security, environmental conservation, and rural advancement. The findings highlight the significance of educational interventions in promoting sustainable agriculture and furthering the sustainable SDGs, especially in rural communities such as Gumawang.
Characterization of Eco-Friendly Straw Based on Chitosan from Pupae Exuviae of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens)
Authors: Sulaeman Rico , Putri Raden Roro Zakiah Diva Wisnu , Damayanti Regita , Fauzan Fathan , Hadiyan Muhammad Ribhan , Maharani Yani
Published: December 2024

Utilizing materials with high natural degradation capabilities is viable for managing a sustainable environment. Chitosan derived from the exuvia of black soldier flies-BFS (Hermetia illucens) offers a potential alternative to chitosan sourced from crustaceans and food plants. It can be used to create straws and other chitosan-based products. The research aimed to analyze the characterization of chitosan from BSF exuvia as an environmentally friendly raw straw material. This study began by collecting BSF pupae exuviae, which was cleaned and dried for chitosan extraction. The test was carried out using various levels of chitosan, i.e., 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%, with observation parameters on tensile strength and elongation, biodegradability, water absorption, and contact angle. The research was conducted with 5 repetitions per sample at each chitosan concentration level. The results showed that higher concentrations of chitosan led to increased tensile strength, ranging from 1.38 to 3.65 N mm-². The contact angle and hydrophobicity values varied between 69.87° and 103.66°, while the elongation at break values ranged from 4.5 to 285%. The 4 formulas on the biodegradability test showed no noticeable difference according to statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA test). Based on the formulation tested, a chitosan concentration of 2% (P4) is the best formulation as an ingredient in making eco-friendly straw.
DNA promoter task-oriented dictionary mining and prediction model based on natural language technology
Authors: Zeng Ruolei , Li Zihan , Li Jialu , Zhang Qingchuan
Published: December 2024

Promoters are essential DNA sequences that initiate transcription and regulate gene expression. Precisely identifying promoter sites is crucial for deciphering gene expression patterns and the roles of gene regulatory networks. Recent advancements in bioinformatics have leveraged deep learning and natural language processing (NLP) to enhance promoter prediction accuracy. Techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, and BERT models have been particularly impactful. However, current approaches often rely on arbitrary DNA sequence segmentation during BERT pre-training, which may not yield optimal results. To overcome this limitation, this article introduces a novel DNA sequence segmentation method. This approach develops a more refined dictionary for DNA sequences, utilizes it for BERT pre-training, and employs an Inception neural network as the foundational model. This BERT-Inception architecture captures information across multiple granularities. Experimental results show that the model improves the performance of several downstream tasks and introduces deep learning interpretability, providing new perspectives for interpreting and understanding DNA sequence information. The detailed source code is available at https://github.com/katouMegumiH/Promoter_BERT.
Whole Genome Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis of Dengue Virus in Central Nepal from 2022 and 2023
Authors: Chi Margaret , Katuwal Nishan , Shrestha Aastha , Madhup Surendra Kumar , Tamrakar Dipesh , Shrestha Rajeev
Published: December 2024

Background: In Nepal, dengue is an emerging disease of growing concern as outbreaks are continuously increasing in size and geographic reach, and beginning to affect areas previously thought dengue-free. Dengue genomic surveillance has previously been limited within Nepal, however, with the increase in accessibility to sequencing technologies since the COVID-19 pandemic, it has recently become more feasible.
Methods: This hospital-based retrospective study utilized banked samples from the 2022 and 2023 dengue seasons from Dhulikhel Hospital/Kathmandu University Hospital in central Nepal. Next generation sequencing was performed to obtain whole genome sequences of dengue virus which were analyzed phylogenetically using a maximum likelihood GTR+G model. Mutations were evaluated across viral particle regions using the GISAID DengueServer.
Results: We obtained 41 full-length sequences of DENV from 80 PCR+ samples–24 from 2022 (58.5%) and 17 from 2023 (41.5%). We identified a shift in the majority serotype of our samples from DENV-1 in 2022 to DENV-3 in 2023, though 3 out of the 4 serotypes were identified in both years. Phylogenetic analysis revealed clusters within genotype III of DENV-1 and genotype III of DENV-3 closely related to strains from an outbreak of DENV in northern India in 2018-19. DENV-2 sequences fell into the Cosmopolitan genotype IV-A1 and IV-B2 clades and were related to sequences from South and Southeast Asia and the US, pointing to the global nature of dengue transmission. The NS3 showed the highest frequency of mutation whereas NS2B, NS4, NS5 and E were the most conserved. The most common mutations found were substitutions L17M and T20I in the 2K peptide. A high number of mutations were observed in DENV3, followed by DENV2 and DENV1, with some mutations being unique to specific serotypes and others matching previously reported strains.
Conclusions: We identified possible clade shifts in the DENV-1 and -2 populations and a rising prevalence of DENV-3. Our study showed a high level of serotype diversity of DENV circulating in central Nepal. Furthermore, our results indicate that DENV populations in Nepal are related to a geographically diverse set of sequences but are most strongly influenced by Indian strains of DENV.
De-escalated Therapy for HPV Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Jung Young Ho , Kim Jeong Heon
Published: December 2024

Human papillomavirus-positive (HPV+) oropharyngeal cancer has a significantly better prognosis compared to HPV-negative cases, leading to a growing interest in de-escalation strategies that reduce treatment intensity without compromising oncologic outcomes. The potential for de-escalation in the treatment of HPV+ oropharyngeal cancer extends not only to radiation therapy but also to surgical interventions. This involves reducing the extent of surgery through minimally invasive techniques and minimizing the necessity or dosage of radiation therapy by employing neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgery. De-escalated surgical approaches, which include minimized surgical fields, minimally invasive procedures, and the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, may effectively preserve oncologic control while improving patients' quality of life. However, careful patient selection and long-term outcome data are critical for optimizing these strategies.
Nationwide Incidence Trends of Pediatric Parotid Malignancy in Korea and a Retrospective Analysis of Single-Institution Surgical Experience of Parotidectomy
Authors: Kim Hyun Seong , Kim Seo Young , Chung Eun-Jae , Kwon Seong Keun , Ahn Soon-Hyun , Jung Yuh-Seog , Seok Jungirl
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Pediatric parotid malignancies are rare but represent a critical subset of head and neck cancers. This study integrates nationwide incidence trends in Korea with detailed surgical outcomes from a single tertiary institution to better understand the characteristics and management of these tumors.Materials & Methods: Nationwide data from the Korea Central Cancer Registry (1999-2019) were analyzed to assess trends in pediatric parotid malignancy incidence. A retrospective review was conducted on 31 pediatric parotidectomy cases at a tertiary hospital from 2011 to 2024. Clinical data, surgical methods, pathology results, and follow-up outcomes were examined.Results: Nationwide analysis revealed an annual mean of 9.0 ± 4.0 cases of pediatric parotid malignancies, with a significant rise in incidence among patients aged 10-19 years (APC 5.4%, 95% CI 1.1-9.8, p=0.016). Institutional data showed that the median age of patients underwent parotidectomy was 15.0 years, with males comprising 67.7%. Among 31 cases, 19 (61.3%) were benign, primarily pleomorphic adenomas (68.4%), and 12 (38.7%) were malignant, predominantly mucoepidermoid carcinoma (87.5%). Superficial or partial parotidectomy was the most common surgical approach (71.0%), and no unexpected complications or recurrences were observed.Conclusion: Pediatric parotid malignancies in Korea exhibit rising incidence rates, particularly among teenagers. Surgical outcomes confirm the predominance of pleomorphic adenomas and mucoepidermoid carcinomas. Pediatric parotid surgery is a procedure with minimized complications and a promising prognosis. Tailored treatment strategies adapted to the unique characteristics of pediatric patients are essential to optimize outcomes.
To the issue of regional specialization and stimulation of investment activity in the context of ensuring economic security
Authors: Afanasyeva L. V. , Pialcev A. I.
Published: December 2024

Relevance. Ensuring the economic security of the Russian Federation as a strategic goal of state policy to achieve national priorities creates conditions for high rates of economic growth and improving the quality of life of the population. In this aspect, it is necessary and appropriate to search for optimal and effective tools, ways and methods that contribute to the socio-economic development of regions, one of which is economic specialization, which allows to maximize the efficiency of using the available potential and competitive advantages.The purpose of the study is to substantiate the effectiveness of industrial-agricultural specialization of the region in order to ensure economic security by conducting a comparative assessment of the dynamics of development of the CFA regions with different types of economic specialization for 2017-2021.Objectives: to consider theoretical aspects of economic specialization of regions, to analyze the structure of gross regional product of the CFD regions, grouping by type of specialization, to assess the dynamics of growth indices of gross regional product, investment in fixed capital, average per capita cash income of the population for 2017-2021.Methodology. Within the framework of the conducted research the authors use general scientific methods: scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, generalization of scientific practice, deduction, induction, economic and statistical analysis, comparison, summary, grouping.Results. The conducted research allowed to form and highlight the following scientific results: to substantiate the effectiveness of industrial-agricultural specialization in order to ensure economic security, to formulate the conditions necessary for the transition to industrial-agricultural specialization, to identify the advantages of this type of specialization over others.Conclusions. Regions with industrial-agricultural specialization are characterized by higher growth rates of gross regional product, investment in fixed capital and average per capita income of the population. Also, the regions with industrial-agricultural specialization retain positive dynamics of development in crisis conditions: it is the regions with this specialization that demonstrated positive dynamics in the growth of gross regional product and investment in fixed capital at the end of 2020.
Management of the economic security of the municipality in the system of strategic development of the region
Authors: Prikhodchenko O. S.
Published: December 2024

Relevance. Municipalities are the basic link of the economic system of the state, since labor, production, and natural resources are concentrated at the municipal level. The security and sustainability of the municipality determine the economic security of the region. In modern conditions of pressure from external and internal threats to economic security, municipalities are the most vulnerable. This circumstance necessitates the development and implementation of a set of measures aimed at minimizing the negative impact.The purpose of the study is to assess threats to the economic security of the city of Zheleznogorsk on the basis of an indicative approach, to develop specific proposals aimed at neutralizing these threats.Objectives: assessment of indicators of the economic security of the city of Zheleznogorsk; based on the assessment carried out, identify dangerous and safe zones for the considered indicators; determine directions for strengthening the economic security of the city of Zheleznogorsk.Methodology. In the course of the research, methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization and logic, theoretical, statistical methods and methods of graphical representation of the results were used.Results. The article systematizes indicators of economic security and evaluates them. The weaknesses of the economic security of the municipal urban formation have been identified. Based on the conducted research, the author suggests ways to strengthen the economic security of the city of Zheleznogorsk.Conclusions. The key areas of strengthening the economic security of the city of Zheleznogorsk are: maintaining a favorable investment climate; improving the demographic situation; improving employment policy. Municipalities are a vulnerable link in the economic security system due to insufficient budgetary independence and independence, which makes it difficult to implement measures aimed at improving the security of socio-economic development. Therefore, the successful implementation of the identified areas of strengthening economic security Zheleznogorsk is possible with the implementation of state and regional support.
Parameters of the efficiency of modernization of the economy of a macroregion from the perspective of a system of sustainable development
Authors: Lamzin R. M.
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the study lies in determining the parameters of the implemented economic transformations on the territory of the federal district as a single set of resource and production potentials, the relationship of which is ensured through public-state regulation based on modern information and digital technologies.The purpose of the study is to establish the parameters of the effectiveness of the implemented modernization of macro-regional systems in accordance with the conditions of balanced development with the help of modern electronic-digital technologies for regulating information flows.The objectives: to identify various options for scientific and theoretical interpretation of conceptual ideas for the content and implementation of economic modernization of various economic systems; to identify the relationships between territorial-resource and production factors with ensuring the optimal nature of production and technological processes at the macro-region level; to establish special functions of regional public administration bodies capable of ensuring balanced socio-economic regulation in the territory of the macro-region; to highlight the key characteristics of the implemented modernization of the economic system of the Southern macro-region in accordance with the specifics of sustainable development.Methodology. In the process of the research, systemic and structural-functional approaches, methods of analysis, generalization, comparison of initial research materials, as well as classification of the results of already implemented research studies of the most important aspects of the modernization of macro-regional socio-economic structures were used..Results. The processes of modernization of the macroregional economic system from the standpoint of the sustainable development system consist in public-management support for the efficient production of various economic goods, conditioned by the optimal-saving use of elements of natural systems within the framework of the implementation of innovative entrepreneurial initiatives while ensuring the optimal standard of living of the population.Conclusions. The parameters of the efficiency of modernization of the economy of the macroregion from the standpoint of sustainable development characterize the formation of available innovative fixed assets and the release of high-quality products with the optimal use of available resource potential. This is ensured through the creation of a single information and communication field of public-private partnership and the coordinated activities of stateadministrative structures of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation within the framework of a single electronic-digital space of the macroregion.
Social activity of an athlete's personality: sociocultural research methodology
Authors: Nekrasov D. V. , Abramov A. P.
Published: December 2024

Relevance. The study of an athlete's personality primarily involves the study of its socio-cultural nature and structure. Despite the length of the scientific discourse regarding the essence and structure of personality, there is no unified approach in the context of the socio-cultural interpretation of this category in sports. However, each of the definitions of personality presented in scientific sources and supported by relevant research is important and should be taken into account when striving for the most complete understanding of personality. In turn, none of the methods can provide a complete description of an athlete. Each of them only reflects a separate aspect of his abilities, personal qualities and traits. Therefore, it is important to use all methods in combination to help coaches, practitioners and teachers in organizing educational work, training processes and an individual approach to teaching.The purpose is to characterize the general methodology and methods of studying the personality of an athlete in the context of socio–cultural knowledge.Objectives: to define the conceptual basis of the sociological study of the athlete's personality; to present methods for its study; to establish the directions of their application.Methodology: the methodological design of the study is based on the use of philosophical, sociocultural and pedagogical concepts and approaches.Results. The social activity of an athlete's personality is largely determined by how effectively sociocultural approaches are involved in its socialization. The desired result is possible with the use of the entire arsenal of tools, methods and special exercises.Conclusions. At the present stage of development of the sociology of sport, sociocultural methodology becomes decisive in studying various aspects of the formation and development of the athlete's personality. The scientific determinacy of using special methods of its study is associated with a specific result that must be achieved by an athlete in a particular sport. The complex use of methods of social diagnostics of personality is the main resource in organizing the practical activities of coaches and mentors.
Technoscience: the ambiguity of the concept and scientific profiles
Authors: Aseeva I. A. , Lukyanov D. D.
Published: December 2024

Relevance. The understanding of modern science as a branch of knowledge totally integrated with technology still causes heated discussions and, as a consequence, is ambiguously perceived in the scientific community, demonstrating both the position of supporters of the appropriate use of the concept of ‘technoscience’ and the arguments of those who consider the term far-fetched and artificial. The complexity and multidimensionality of this concept makes it difficult to incorporate it into both theoretical science and the language of practitioners.

The purpose of the work is to clarify whether this phenomenon has philosophical and practical value in the context of the modern stage of science development.

Objectives: to review the historical development of the term and to identify its three profiles in the scientific context; to analyse the epistemological, ontological, political and ethical aspects of technoscience; to show the mutual process of internal entry of science into technoreality and technology into science, the convergence of their values and approaches, which eventually leads to the idea of fusion in the term ‘technoscience’.

Methodology. Philosophical analysis allows to characterise and structure science at the present stage, historical approach ‒ to identify the preconditions and trace the formation of the term ‘technoscience’.

Results. The concept of technoscience can be a bridge between different studies of science, technology and society, as well as contribute to the development of critical views on fashionable terms and processes. A philosophical analysis of technoscience represents an important tool to better understand current scientific trends and their impact on society. The study of technoscience can open new philosophical perspectives and stimulate a deeper discussion of the problems arising at the interface between science and technology.

Conclusions. Despite its controversial and ambiguous nature, technoscience is an important philosophical tool that can help to better understand current scientific trends and their impact on society. The study of technoscience can open up new philosophical perspectives and stimulate deeper discussion of the problems arising at the intersection of science and technology.
The impact of artificial intelligence on economic development: ethical aspects of technology implementation and development
Authors: Maltseva I. F. , Sazonova E. S.
Published: December 2024

Relevance. Digitalization is one of the main priorities of the economy. Machine learning and artificial intelligence technologies are introduced by advanced companies into production and management processes, and change the nature of their activities and the way they do business. New issues related to the legislative regulation of technologies, the distribution of areas of responsibility between humans and robotic systems arise, and legal relations that are not provided for by the regulatory framework appear. Technological development also leads to a profound transformation of society. New mechanisms of interaction raise a number of ethical issues. In this regard, the topic of research on the introduction of artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly popular in the scientific community.The purpose of the article is to study the features of the introduction of digital systems, including those which are based on artificial intelligence, as well as to systematize the ethical problems of using such technologies.Objectives: analyze the regulatory framework for the regulation of artificial intelligence systems, determine the basic principles of its development and implementation, consider the main problems arising in connection with the expansion of the scope of artificial intelligence, as well as options for their solutions.Methodology. To achieve the goal in the research are used methods of system analysis and synthesis, bibliographic analysis. The works of domestic and foreign scientists devoted to AI, the regulatory framework of the federal and regional levels, materials of scientific journals and conferences have become the information base of the study.Results. A literary review of modern scientific research on ethical issues of implementation is presented in the article, the main normative acts used both in international practice and developed in Russia are considered.Conclusions. The systematization of the principles and ethical problems of the introduction of artificial intelligence systems based on the analysis are presented. The use of new technology has advantages, but it is necessary to create a legislative and institutional framework that will minimize risks and achieve sustainable development goals.
Methods and models for assessing the state of the region's human resources potential
Authors: Kharchenko E. V. , Zhukova V. S. , Sysoeva E. A. , Vasilyeva M. V.
Published: December 2024

Relevance. One of the strategic goals of the development of the regional economy is to improve the socioeconomic condition of the region, which is based on human resources. The Forecast of the long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 notes that economic growth will be possible due to certain factors, among which the human resource occupies an important place. Since in the modern arena of the world economy there is a struggle for the ability to introduce innovations, the use of intellectual capital, the knowledge economy needs to take the main place in the socio-economic development of society, given that human resources is one of the fundamental factors in achieving leading positions.The purpose is to conduct a comprehensive study of methods for assessing the human resources potential of the region.Objectives: to identify the features of approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "human potential", to study models for forecasting human potentialMethodology. The following methods were used in the research process: logical and statistical analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis, as well as an expert approach.Results. Different approaches to the definition of human resources were considered, existing methods of assessing human resources were analyzed, the authors proposed a methodology for assessing human resources and studied the process of its formation.Conclusion. The proposed methodology allows us to determine the choice of preventive measures to build human resources and meet the indicators of the Forecast of social and economic development of the region. Also, this technique can be used to generate staffing requirements and admission control figures.
Improving the image of the state civil service for young people using the example of executive authorities of the Kursk region
Authors: Bessonova E. A. , Postnikova E. M.
Published: December 2024

The relevance of this research topic is due to the fact that the state civil service in executive authorities is the most important institution of modern society, ensuring the effective functioning of the state apparatus and the implementation of state policy. Attracting young talented specialists to the civil service is a key factor in increasing its efficiency and prestige. However, at present there are a number of problems arising from the current evolution, including low wages, lack of career prospects, and a negative image of civil servants of executive authorities in society.The purpose is develop a roadmap to improve the image of the state civil service of the executive authorities of the Kursk region for young people. Objectives: conduct a survey among current young civil servants of the executive authorities of the Kursk region and students of universities of the Kursk region, process the results obtained, develop a roadmap that includes measures aimed at ensuring a decent level of wages, developing a training program, attracting youth organizations, modern marketing and communications, increasing transparency and openness.Methodology. The methodological basis of the work was an interdisciplinary approach combining elements of sociology, psychology and marketing. Conducting sociological surveys among young people and current young civil servants of the executive authorities of the Kursk region. The following research methods were used: questionnaires, interviews, analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization.Results. During the study, a survey was conducted among current young civil servants of the executive authorities of the Kursk region and students of universities of the Kursk region, the results were processed, and a roadmap was developed to improve the image of the state civil service of the executive authorities of the Kursk region for young people.Conclusion. Improving the image of the state civil service of the executive authorities of the Kursk region for young people is a key factor in attracting young talented specialists to the civil service and increasing its efficiency. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement a set of measures aimed at ensuring a decent level of wages, developing a training program, attracting youth organizations, modern marketing and communications, increasing transparency and openness. Only a systematic approach to solving this problem will increase the prestige of the civil service and attract the best personnel from among young people.
Great dangers of “small” anesthesia
Authors: Olieinikova Yu.O. , Domoratskyi O.E. , Kryliuk V.O. , Gladkykh V.Yu.
Published: December 2024

Anesthetic management in various diagnostic and treatment procedures, such as gastroscopy, colonoscopy, hysteroscopy, and others, is aimed at protecting the patient from surgical stress, ensuring psychological comfort, and improving the quality of the procedure. Relative surgical safety, minimal invasiveness, short duration, rarity of anesthetic complications formed the perception of such procedures among patients and a large part of medical workers as absolutely safe. However, anesthetic care during short interventions carries all the dangers of general anesthesia, such as the risk of developing a difficult airway situation, aspiration, hypoventilation, and cardiovascular complications. In the article, the authors consider the current state of the problem of “small” anesthesia in Ukraine.
Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in brain damage (scientific review). Part 1
Authors: Kravets O.V. , Sedinkin V.A. , Yekhalov V.V. , Ploshchenko Yu.O. , Zozulya O.O.
Published: December 2024

Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a separate form of fever of central origin and is a neurological syndrome characterized by simultaneous paroxysmal occurrence of hypertension, hyperpyrexia, tachycardia, tachypnea, increased sweating and dystonic posture due to sympathetic activation in brain damage. PSH is a syndrome that can manifest itself in a wide range of clinical symptoms. Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperacti-vity is an example of a clinical correlate of central and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Almost all cases of PSH are associated with craniocerebral trauma, hypoxia, and acute cerebrovascular accident. There is a disengagement theory and a model of the excitation-inhibition relationship of the PSH pathogenesis. In 2014, an expert consensus group proposed a PSH-assessment measure (PSH-AM), which can not only serve as a reliable diagnostic criterion but also stratify the severity of PSH. Assuming clinical evaluation as the current gold standard, PSH-AM has a sensiti-vity of 94 % when used retrospectively. In the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury, PSH-AM can help avoid misdiagnosis, increase diagnostic efficiency, save time, and reduce economic costs. Hypodiagnosis of PSH can lead to an increase in mortality, disability, length of hospital stay and material costs, but timely diagnosis will allow optimizing treatment for PSH.
Changes in hemodynamic parameters with different anaesthesia induction agents in elderly patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Vitovskyi A.R. , Loskutov O.A.
Published: December 2024

Background. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common diseases in Ukraine and worldwide. Open myocardial revascularisation procedures require general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Prevention of peri-intubation hypotension in elderly patients with CHD is relevant today. The purpose was to improve the safety of surgery in elderly CHD patients by determining the induction schedule for anaesthesia with minimal cardiodepressant and vasodilator effects. Materials and methods. A cohort prospective randomized study of 40 patients with ASA III–IV who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Their mean age was 67.00 ± 5.78 years. The participants were divided into 2 groups based on the type of induction agent: group 1 — propofol 1.5 mg/kg, fentanyl 2.0 μg/kg; group 2 — propofol 1.5 mg/kg, fentanyl 2.0 μg/kg, ketamine 0.5 mg/kg. Relaxation: pipecuronium bromide 0.1 mg/kg. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded at the following stages: 1) upon arrival to the operating room; 2) before it; 3) after intubation; 4) 25 minutes after intubation. Results. After the administration of induction drugs, a significant difference was observed only in mean arterial pressure (MAP): group 1 — 72.71 ± 4.76 %, group 2 — 81.29 ± 5.4 % of the baseline, p = 0.0001. At the third stage, a statistically significant difference between the groups was determined in three indicators: MAP (86.74 ± 8.82 %, 92.34 ± 7.26 %; p < 0.05), stroke volume index (SVI) (99.91 ± 2.94 %, 109.63 ± 8.16 %, p < 0.05), cardiac index (CI) (96.63 ± 11.77 %, 110.38 ± 12.37 %, p < 0.05). At the fourth stage, a statistical difference between the groups was observed in MAP (74.87 ± 7.90 % in group 1 vs. 86.47 ± 6.07 % in group 2, p < 0.05), SVI (87.09 ± 5.30 % in group 1 vs. 108.21 ± 8.32 % in group 2, p < 0.05), ejection fraction (88.26 ± 3.58 % in group 1 vs. 106.89 ± 6.22 % in group 2, p < 0.05), CI (79.59 ± 10.11 % in group 1 vs. 108.29 ± 9.95 % in group 2, p < 0.05), systemic vascular resistance index (91.13 ± 9.34 % in group 1 vs. 77.86 ± 9.83 % in group 2, p < 0.05). Conclusions. The addition of ketamine to the classic combination of propofol and fentanyl increases the effectiveness and reduces the percentage of possible potential complications by stabilizing hemodynamics during anaesthetic support for coronary artery bypass grafting in older patients with CHD.
Intraoperative support of patients with infective endocarditis complicated by acute heart failure
Authors: Koltunova H.B.
Published: December 2024

Background. Infective endocarditis (IE) is associated with certain risks and complications that can be controlled only by surgery. There is a limited number of recommendations on the anesthetic management of patients with IE during cardiovascular surgery or in the postoperative period in the intensive care unit. The aim of the study: to determine the peculiarities of intraoperative anesthetic management in patients with IE complicated by acute heart failure (AHF). Materials and methods. The study included clinical data of 72 patients with IE complicated by preoperative AHF who underwent cardiac surgery at the State Institution “Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” from January 1, 2019, to December 30, 2022. The diagnosis of IE was made in accordance with the Duke criteria. All patients had NYHA class IV. Results. In the group with IE complicated by preoperative AHF, 72 patients (100.0 %) were brought into the operating room from the intensive care unit in a critical condition and underwent urgent surgery for vital signs. The oxygenation index at baseline was 196.9 (123.8–287.5). A severe degree of respiratory failure at the preoperative stage was observed in 25 % of patients with IE complicated by HF. Patients were characterized by a significant need to restore the volume of circulating blood: the median value of intraoperatively transfused red blood cell mass was 688 ml (470–1092). Assessment of the baseline level of C-reactive protein revealed a median of 52.61 ng/ml (22.94–109.31). At the stage of completion of the surgical intervention, the content of C-reactive protein was 69.33 ng/ml (45.89–120.64). Multicomponent (administration of dobutamine and norepinephrine) support of the cardiovascular system was recorded in 42 (58.3 %) patients with IE complicated by preoperative AHF. Single-component support included the isolated use of one of the drugs in 30 (41.7 %) cases. Conclusions. The study highlights the main issues that anesthesiologists face during cardiac surgeries with bypass in these patients. The limited number of recommendations for the intraoperative management of patients with IE complicated by preoperative AHF encourages further research.
Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis: An Emerging Disease Mimicking Obstructing Colon Cancer, Case Report
Authors: Awadh Amal , Hadi Sara , Safar Omar , AlGhusadi Huda , Yassin Maha , Alhazmi Ahmad , AlShehri Ali
Published: December 2024

Gastrointestinal obstruction is a common scenario that is seen on daily basis at hospitals having a general surgery service we are discussing a rare case of gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis that mimicking a presentation of obstructing colon cancer.
Kuvasarjakertomusten mielentilasanojen ja sosiopragmaattisen ymmärtämisen välinen yhteys 4-8-vuotiailla lapsilla
Authors: Mäkinen Leena , Tuomaala Heini-Maarit , Loukusa Soile
Published: December 2024

Kertomuksille on tyypillistä, että niissä käsitellään ajatuksia ja tunteita. Tätä ilmentämään tarvitaan mielentilasanoja, jotka ilmaisevat puhujan kognitiivisia tai emotionaalisia tiloja. Kertomuksiin liittyy läheisesti myös kyky tulkita ja tuottaa kommunikaatiotilanteessa ilmenevää kontekstuaalista tietoa. Kertomuksissa tuotettujen mielentilasanojen yhteyttä sosiaaliseen kommunikaatioon liittyvään tilannesidonnaiseen ymmärtämiseen (sosiopragmaattiseen ymmärtäminen) ei ole juurikaan tutkittu, vaikka kerronta kuuluu pragmatiikan piiriin. Tämä tutkimus selvittää, onko mielentilailmausten ja sosiopragmaattisen ymmärtämisen välillä yhteyttä 4–8-vuotiailla lapsilla.Tutkimukseen osallistui 170 4;1–8;10-vuotiasta lasta (86 tyttöä ja 84 poikaa), joiden Kissatarina-testin avulla tuotetuista kuvasarjakertomuksista analysoitiin emotionaaliset (esim. iloinen) ja kognitiiviset (esim. miettiä) mielentilasanat. Sosiopragmaattista ymmärtämistä arvioitiin Pragma-testin avulla. Mielentilasanojen käyttöä selitettiin regressiomallien avulla, joissa selittävinä muuttujina olivat ikä, sukupuoli ja pragmaattinen ymmärtäminen. Tulosten mukaan mielentilasanojen käyttö kasvaa iän myötä ja tytöt käyttävät todennäköisemmin kognitiivisia mielentilasanoja kuin pojat. Sosiopragmaattisella ymmärtämisellä ja mielentilasanojen käytöllä on yhteys, mutta se näyttäisi rajoittuvan ainoastaan emootiosanojen käyttöön. Kerrontakontekstissa tuotettujen emootiosanojen käyttö ja sosiopragmaattinen ymmärtäminen voivat mahdollisesti tukea toinen toistaan.