bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influência de nanotubos de carbono sobre o desempenho de concreto e de concreto reforçado com fibras (CRF)
Authors: Lopes João Pedro , Ferrari Vladimir José , Camões Aires , Souza Aloysio , Fangueiro Raul
Published: December 2022

RESUMO O concreto é um material com elevada frequência de utilização em construções brasileiras e em edificações de países ao redor do mundo. Fatores como os custos reduzidos dos materiais, elevado volume de pesquisa e resistência elevada, colaboram para a grande utilização do concreto como material de construção. Entretanto, o concreto tem baixa resistência à tração, fissura facilmente e apresenta pequena capacidade de deformação. O concreto reforçado com fibras (CRF) foi desenvolvido na década de 60 e é um material que apresenta uma boa resposta mecânica em termos de resistência residual após a fissuração da matriz e consequentemente um comportamento mais dúctil do que o concreto sem fibras. Entretanto, o efeito da adição de fibras no concreto restringe-se somente a fase pós-fissuração do processo de carregamento. As fibras não tem efeito no comportamento que antecede a carga de pico. Avanços recentes em nanotecnologia têm possibilitado a produção de nanopartículas, em especial, nanotubos de carbono. Tratam-se de nanopartículas que podem ser utilizadas como reforço da matriz cimentícia para atuar ao nível de sua nanoestrutura. A pesquisa proposta estuda o comportamento de concretos contendo a incorporação de nanotubos de carbono e também de concretos reforçados com fibras de aço (CRFA) juntamente com a adição de nanotubos de carbono. A pesquisa tem o objetivo de avaliar melhorias na resposta dos concretos e dos CRFA, a partir da incorporação das nanopartículas de carbono. Foram realizados ensaios de compressão e de flexão em três pontos em corpos de prova prismáticos entalhados. Foi constatado que os nanotubos de carbono permitem reduzir a absorção de água e melhorar a mobilidade das misturas (de concreto e de CRFA) no estado fresco. Também foram observados aumentos, na resistência à compressão axial e resistências flexionais dos materiais concreto e CRFA quando da adição de nanotubos de carbono.
Potential of olivine melilitite as a soil remineralizer according to particle size and rates
Authors: Almeida Jaime Antonio de , Cunha Gabriel Octávio de Mello , Heberle Daniel Alexandre , Mafra Álvaro Luiz
Published: December 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of olivine melilitite rock powder, in two particle sizes and in increasing rates, to improve the chemical properties of the soil and the growth and nutrient accumulation of soybean (Glycine max) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) plants. The treatments consisted of three rates of the rock powder, equivalent to 2.5, 5.0, and 10 Mg ha-1, in the powder and filler particle sizes of the commercial product. Physicochemical and mineralogical analyses were carried out using, as a basis, the Brazilian normative ruling on rock powder as a soil remineralizer. The soybean and sorghum plants were cultivated for 60 and 45 days, respectively, in a greenhouse on a Humic Dystrudept and a Typic Hapludult. The olivine melilitite rock powder applied in the tested increasing rates and two particle sizes improved soil chemical properties and promoted plant growth. However, the filler particle size is more efficient than that of the powder to improve soil chemical properties and plant growth and nutrient accumulation.
Postharvest quality of 'Emerald' blueberry cultivated in a subtropical region
Authors: Medina Ricardo Bordignon , Tezotto-Uliana Jaqueline Visioni , Santoro Marcelo Brossi , Silva Simone Rodrigues da
Published: December 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the qualitative attributes, at harvest and postharvest, of 'Emerald' blueberries grown in a subtropical climate region, without winter chilling, in Brazil. Fruit were harvested in the municipality of Piracicaba, in the state of São Paulo, in two harvest peaks, in August and October, and evaluated for their qualitative attributes at harvest and for their physical, chemical, and biochemical attributes at postharvest. The fruit were maintained at ambient conditions, at 22°C and 70% relative humidity, and evaluated on the day of harvest and every three days until the twelfth day of storage. The blueberries harvested in August were larger and rounder, and those harvested in October had a more intense blue coloration and higher concentrations of phenolic compounds, pH, and soluble solids, in addition to a higher total soluble solids and titratable acidity ratio. During storage, an increase was observed in the contents of anthocyanins, quercetins, and total phenolic compounds, as well as in antioxidant activity, besides a decrease in fruit acidity and firmness. Regardless of the harvest month, blueberries grown in a subtropical region of Brazil have a good postharvest shelf life up to 12 days at ambient temperature, with satisfactory fruit quality levels.
In vitro organogenesis as an efficient method for the propagation of Dalbergia nigra
Authors: Simões Ingridh Medeiros , Araujo Caroline Palacio de , Mello Tamyris de , Rosa Thuanny Lins Monteiro , Oliveira Natasha Vieira de , Caldeira Marcos Vinícius Winckler , Schmildt Edilson Romais , Lopes José Carlos , Otoni Wagner Campos , Alexandre Rodrigo Sobreira
Published: December 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to establish an efficient protocol for the in vitro organogenesis of Dalbergia nigra. For this purpose, 30-day-old seedlings were sectioned at their cotyledonary nodes and nodal segments. These materials were cultivated in a medium with different combinations of the 6-benzylaminopurine and thidiazuron cytokinins. After 60 days in a growth chamber set at 27°C and a 16-hour photoperiod, growth characteristics were analyzed. Explants from the cotyledonary nodes show a greater morphogenetic potential, regardless of the addition of cytokinins. Cotyledonary nodes in the medium supplemented with 2.22 µmol L-1 BAP show the best combination for the in vitro propagation of D. nigra.
Informative prior distribution applied to linseed for the estimation of genetic parameters using a small sample size
Authors: Azevedo Camila Ferreira , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Nascimento Moysés , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez da , Nascimento Ana Carolina Campana , Cruz Cosme Damião , Huth Caroline , Almeida Helaine Claire Ferreira de
Published: December 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate a procedure for the elicitation of informative prior distribution, compared with non-informative prior distribution, in a small sample size, using 14 traits of three linseed (Linum usitatissimum) genotypes in seven sowing seasons. The values of the hyperparameters regulate the informativeness of the prior distribution; therefore, for each season, the hyperparameters to be used in the next season were calculated. The two prior distributions, non-informative and informative, were compared by the length of the credible interval and variance of the posterior distribution. In general, when the informative prior distribution is adopted, the genetic parameters present a shorter length of the credible interval and more precise estimates. The mechanism for informative prior elicitation using previous information from breeding programs is efficient for the estimation of genetic parameters, including heritability and genetic variance, even when the sample size is small. In genetic evaluation, the use of informative prior distribution is better than that of non-informative distribution for a small sample size. In general, the results of the informative prior distributions are indicative that the genetic values of the first sowing season are greater for the following traits: cycle length, plant height, and number of non-grained capsules and of productive branches.
Content of phenolic compounds in monofloral aroeira honey and in floral nectary tissue
Authors: Gardoni Lívia Cristina de Paiva , Santana Rânia Mara , Brito Júlio César Moreira , Ramos Laurenice Xavier , Araújo Leonardo Allan , Bastos Esther Margarida Alves Ferreira , Calaça Paula
Published: December 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to quantify the content of total phenolic compounds in monofloral honey from aroeira (Astronium urundeuva) trees and to verify, through histochemical tests, if these compounds are present in the floral tissues. The apiary, with Apis mellifera bees, was installed among aroeira trees in the semiarid region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. From the anatomy of the flowers and of the inflorescence rachis, an ornamented epidermis, tector and glandular trichomes, idioblasts, and a developed secretory system were observed. Aroeira honey has an average phenolic content of 142.5±22.6 mg 100 g-1, a value considered very high when compared with those of other monofloral honeys from Brazil and around the world. Histochemical tests detected the presence of phenolic substances in the idioblasts and secretory ducts associated with the phloem in the floral tissues, especially in the nectar parenchyma, epidermis, and glandular trichomes. Phenolic compounds are present in the floral tissue of both floral morphs, mainly in the nectary where honeybees collect nectar. The obtained results are the first, in the literature, indicative that the phenolic compounds produced by aroeira trees are transferred through the nectar to the honey. This study contributes to the establishment of quality standards for monofloral aroeira honey and to the identification of its botanical origin.
Heritability estimated by different methods in four generations of progenies from a pigeon pea cross
Authors: Costa Antonio Elton da Silva , Santos Carlos Antonio Fernandes
Published: December 2022

Abstract The objective of this work was to compare different methods to estimate heritability in 30 pigeon pea families from the F3, F4, F5, and F6 generations, for nine variables. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replicates and 20 plants per plot. Broad-sense heritability was estimated by the analysis of variance ( A N O V A) [ h 2b-E(MS)], restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction (REML/BLUP) (h2b-REML), parent-offspring regression (h2PO), and standard deviation unit (h2UP). The h2b-E(MS) and h2b-REML estimates were similar for seven of the analyzed variables. For a higher genetic control and easier selection, values of h2b-E(MS) and h2b-REML >0.70 were estimated for two variables in four generations, two variables in three generations, three variables in two generations, and one variable in one generation. Values of h2UP and h2PO >0.70 were obtained for four and five variables, respectively. The estimates via regression or parent-offspring correlation showed some values outside the expected range of 0 to 1. The ANOVA [h2b-E(MS)] and REML/BLUP [h2b-REML] methods are the best to estimate pigeon pea heritability.
National Culture Plan: legal analysis of the conception, processing and potentiality
Authors: Cunha Filho Francisco Humberto
Published: December 2022

Abstract Originally scheduled to expire in December 2020, the ten-year National Culture Plan (PNC) seems to have contributed very little to the development of national culture, if only because of the official monitoring of its goals and the discrediting of the sector, evidenced by facts such as budget reductions and the demotion of the Ministry of Culture to the status of Special Department of the Federal Government. In order to understand the failure of the PNC, the present research, carried out based on the bibliographical and documental research method, investigating its conception, processing, and potentialities. Moreover, a comparison is made with the also ten-year National Education Plan (PNE), a paradigm to its cultural counterpart, aiming to understand its similarities and differences, in the mentioned aspects. Finally, we propose the classification of the 53 goals of the PNC, based on 5 criteria extracted from elements common to some of them, believing that, perceived in theoretical terms, they can highlight the preponderant characteristics of the Plan, making it more understandable. Less than 10% of the goals of the PNC are fully relevant and achievable. In more general terms, one reaches the conclusion that the flaws of the PNC stem from the fact that it bears more resemblance to a manifesto than to a plan for the cultural sector. It is believed that this is a pioneering research in the aspects reported, whose results can be useful in the elaboration of the new National Culture Plan for the next period, as determined by the Federal Constitution of Brazil.
Plano Nacional de Cultura: análise jurídica da concepção, tramitação e potencialidades
Authors: Cunha Filho Francisco Humberto
Published: December 2022

Resumo Originalmente prevista para expirar em dezembro de 2020, a vigência decenal do Plano Nacional de Cultura (PNC) aparenta em muito pouco ter contribuído para o desenvolvimento da cultura nacional, a tirar pelo acompanhamento oficial de suas metas e pelo desprestígio do setor, evidenciado por fatos como reduções orçamentárias e o rebaixamento do Ministério da Cultura ao status de Secretaria Especial do Governo Federal. Para entender o malogro do PNC, pela presente pesquisa, executada a partir do método de investigação bibliográfica e documental, investigam-se a sua concepção, tramitação e potencialidades. Ademais, realiza-se um comparativo com o também decenal Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE), paradigma ao seu congênere da cultura, visando entender suas semelhanças e diferenças, nos aspectos mencionados. Por fim, propõe-se a classificação das 53 metas do PNC, a partir de 5 critérios extraídos de elementos comuns a algumas delas, acreditando-se que, percebidas em termos teóricos, possam evidenciar as características preponderantes do Plano, tornando-o mais compreensível. Constata-se que menos de 10% das metas do PNC lhes são plenamente pertinentes e exequíveis. Em termos mais genéricos, chega-se à conclusão de que os defeitos do PNC decorrem de ele possuir mais semelhança com um manifesto do que com um planejamento para o setor cultural. Acredita-se que esta seja uma pesquisa pioneira nos aspectos relatados, cujos resultados podem ser úteis à elaboração do novo Plano Nacional de Cultura para o próximo período, como o determina a Constituição Federal do Brasil.
The formative didactic experiment from the perspective of developmental teaching theory
Authors: Freitas Raquel A. Marra da Madeira , Libâneo José Carlos
Published: December 2022

Abstract This text discusses the formative didactic experiment as a modality of didactic research from the perspective of developmental teaching, according to theoretical-methodological principles formulated by Vygotsky, Davydov and Hedegaard within the historical-cultural theory. The premise is that didactic knowledge needs to be incorporated into pedagogical practices to tackle social and school inequalities, which requires research that deepens the didactic analysis of the teaching-learning process. The present study resulted from a bibliographic research of the production of the mentioned authors, with the following objectives: to describe the results of the study, highlighting the contributions of each theorist in the characterization of the formative didactic experiment and its procedures; to argue for the relevance of the formative didactic experiment approach as a microcycle of investigation. In addition, we present one of the modalities of formative didactic experiment developed in the Research Group coordinated by the authors, which integrated the principles of Vygotsky, Davydov and Hedegaard. It is concluded that the formative didactic experiment as a microcycle of investigation gives rise to didactic knowledge capable of sustaining and strengthening the developmental didactics oriented towards educational purposes in order to overcome the social and school inequalities existing in the country.
¿PISA desde la cuna? El Estudio Internacional de Aprendizaje Temprano e implicancias para América Latina
Authors: Urban Mathias , Guevara Jennifer , Moss Peter
Published: December 2022

Resumen En 2015 la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) se embarcó una nueva iniciativa orientada a la primera infancia. El Estudio Internacional de Aprendizaje Temprano y Bienestar Infantil (IELS), también denominado PISA preescolar, es una nueva prueba internacional estandarizada para la educación temprana. Este trabajo sistematiza críticamente la emergencia y el desarrollo de la iniciativa IELS; examina las principales críticas realizadas a este dispositivo desde la comunidad académica y reflexiona sobre las potenciales implicancias para América Latina. A partir de una revisión crítica de la información pública disponible sobre la iniciativa y los trabajos académicos publicados hasta el momento, el artículo analiza la emergencia, desarrollo y resultados de la primera onda de IELS. Los resultados muestran que IELS se construye alrededor de tres reduccionismos principales: la reducción de lo político a lo técnico, la reducción de la diversidad a una comparación descontextualizada entre países y la reducción del aprendizaje compartido a una red global de testeo y medición. El texto concluye con algunas reflexiones en torno al poder blando que ejercen las evaluaciones estandarizadas en las infancias de América Latina.
Professores em meio ao ensino remoto emergencial: repercussões do isolamento social na educação formal
Authors: Fialho Lia Machado Fiuza , Neves Vanusa Nascimento Sabino
Published: December 2022

Resumo O artigo trata da educação formal desenvolvida em escolas e universidades em tempos de isolamento social em decorrência da pandemia ocasionada pela covid-19. O objetivo foi compreender como o isolamento social reverberou na práxis docente para viabilizar a continuidade do ensino-aprendizagem por intermédio do ensino remoto emergencial. Desenvolveu-se um estudo de abordagem qualitativa com 146 professores da educação básica e do ensino superior, por meio de questionário on-line. Os dados foram processados no programa Iramuteq e interpretados utilizando a análise de conteúdo segundo Bardin. Emergiram cinco categorias de análise: exclusão digital dos alunos; consequências para a saúde dos professores; dificuldades verificadas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem; exigências pedagógicas de enfrentamento; e precarização do trabalho docente. Os resultados indicaram que a falta de acesso dos alunos aos equipamentos tecnológicos adequados e à internet, o aumento das demandas do trabalho docente e a inabilidade de alguns professores para ministrar as aulas on-line mediante o uso das tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação aumentam a precarização do trabalho docente, o que reverberou em prejuízo nas condições de saúde dos professores. Concluiu-se que a superação deste cenário inóspito exige medidas urgentes e efetivas, sobremodo aquelas de iniciativa do poder público, para a promoção da equalização social, com o fomento abrangente do acesso às tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação, além do investimento em capacitação profissional voltada às novas demandas pedagógicas do ensino remoto emergencial e à valorização do magistério.
Nanotherapeutic Approach to Delivery of Chemo- and Gene Therapy for Organ-Confined and Advanced Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Sharma Satish , Mahajan Supriya D. , Chevli Kent , Schwartz Stanley A. , Aalinkeel Ravikumar
Published: December 2022

Treatments for late-stage prostate cancer (CaP) have not been very successful. Frequently, advanced CaP progresses to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), with 50#37;-70% of patients developing bone metastases. CaP with bone metastasis-associated clinical complications and treatment resistance presents major clinical challenges. Recent advances in the formulation of clinically applicable nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted attention in the fields of medicine and pharmacology with applications to cancer and infectious and neurological diseases. NPs have been rendered biocompatible, pose little to no toxicity to healthy cells and tissues, and are engineered to carry large therapeutic payloads, including chemo- and genetic therapies. Additionally, if required, targeting specificity can be achieved by chemically coupling aptamers, unique peptide ligands, or monoclonal antibodies to the surface of NPs. Encapsulating toxic drugs within NPs and delivering them specifically to their cellular targets overcomes the problem of systemic toxicity. Encapsulating highly labile genetic therapeutics such as RNA within NPs provides a protective environment for the payload during parenteral administration. The loading efficiencies of NPs have been maximized while the controlled their therapeutic cargos has been released. Theranostic ("treat and see") NPs have developed combining therapy with imaging capabilities to provide real-time, image-guided monitoring of the delivery of their therapeutic payloads. All of these NP accomplishments have been applied to the nanotherapy of late-stage CaP, offering a new opportunity for a previously dismal prognosis. This article gives an update on current developments in the use of nanotechnology for treating late-stage, castration-resistant CaP.
Extrusion plastometry processing of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/ground wool fiber blends
Authors: Yosief Hailemichael O , Liu Cheng-Kung , Ashby Richard D , Strahan Gary D , Latona Nicholas , Chen Nusheng
Published: December 2022

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a well-known member of the polyhydroxyalkanoate family of biopolymers, and it has been extensively investigated as an environmentally benign replacement for petrochemical-based polymers. The practical application of PHB in the biomedical field and in packaging has been limited because of its relatively narrow processing window, high brittleness and low thermal stability. In this study, a melt flow extrusion plastometer was used to investigate the processability of PHB by evaluating its melt flow rate and the mechanical properties of its monofilament extrudates. The monofilament extrudates were collected after exposure to different processing temperatures (180 and 190°C) and heating times, as well as after blending the biopolymer with different fractions of ground raw wool. The melt flow rate of PHB was not significantly affected when blended with different amounts of wool fiber. However, the melt flow rate increased significantly with the increase in heat duration and temperature. The mechanical properties of the monofilament extrudates from the parental PHB and PHB/wool blends were influenced by the fraction of wool, temperature and heat duration. The results of this study will be useful in selecting appropriate conditions for producing PHB-based blends/composites with desirable properties for a wide range of applications.
HNF1B Alters an Evolutionarily Conserved Nephrogenic Program of Target Genes
Authors: Grand Kelli , Stoltz Martine , Rizzo Ludovica , Röck Ruth , Kaminski Michael M. , Salinas Gabriela , Getwan Maike , Naert Thomas , Pichler Roman , Lienkamp Soeren S.
Published: December 2022

Background

Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 beta (HNF1B) is an essential transcription factor during embryogenesis. Mutations in HNF1B are the most common monogenic causes of congenital cystic dysplastic renal malformations. The direct functional consequences of mutations in HNF1B on its transcriptional activity are unknown.

Methods

Direct reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts to induced renal tubular epithelial cells was conducted both with wild-type HNF1B and with patient mutations. HNF1B was expressed in Xenopus ectodermal explants. Transcriptomic analysis by bulk RNA-Seq identified conserved targets with differentially regulated expression by the wild-type or R295C mutant. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in Xenopus embryos evaluated transcriptional targets in vivo.

Results

HNF1B is essential for reprogramming mouse fibroblasts to induced renal tubular epithelial cells and induces development of ectopic renal organoids from pluripotent Xenopus cells. The mutation R295C retains reprogramming and inductive capacity but alters the expression of specific sets of downstream target genes instead of diminishing overall transcriptional activity of HNF1B. Surprisingly, targets associated with polycystic kidney disease were less affected than genes affected in congenital renal anomalies. Cross-species–conserved transcriptional targets were dysregulated in hnf1b CRISPR-depleted Xenopus embryos, confirming their dependence on hnf1b.

Conclusions

HNF1B activates an evolutionarily conserved program of target genes that disease-causing mutations selectively disrupt. These findings provide insights into the renal transcriptional network that controls nephrogenesis.
2,4,6-Tris(p-aminoanilino)-1,3,5-triazine: Synthesis and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Analysis
Authors: KARATAŞ Özgül , CEYLAN Yusuf , KOÇ Ziya Erdem
Published: December 2022

A significant group of compounds arise from substituted s-triazine derivatives that have tripodal heterocyclic compound. Compounds classified as heterocyclic possible created the largest and most diverse family of organic compounds. In this study, we reported that a new template has been syntheses from a cyanuric chloride and its diamine derivative. The desired triamine a tripodal 2, 4, 6-tris (p-aminoaanilino)-1, 3, 5-triazine (C21H21N9), called to be TRIPOD, has been obtained from cyanuric chloride with 3 eq of p-phenylenediamine reaction in acetone. After synthesis, TRIPOD sample which was polycrystal form was irradiated by cobalt-gamma source. The electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of TRIPOD were recorded using X-band EPR spectrometer at room temperature in three axes (x, y, z) which are perpendicular at 10 intervals. The EPR spectrum was simulated using computer program and by using the spectrum. The radical structure was determined in the sample.
AKADEMİDE GELİŞMELERİ KAÇIRMA KORKUSU İLE PERFORMANS ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİDE SANAL KAYTARMANIN ARACI ROLÜ
Authors: ARAR Tayfun , YURDAKUL Gülşen
Published: December 2022

Teknolojinin gelişmesi organizasyonlara ve bireylere belirli noktalarda fayda sağlarken, bazı olumsuz etkileri de olabilmektedir. İnsan hayatının, çalışma yaşamı dahil her alanında kullanılan akıllı telefonlar, bilgisayarlar, tabletler vb. türlü cihazlar özellikle iş yerinde çalışanların odaklarını iş dışındaki mecralara rahatlıkla çekebilmektedir. Bunun dışında günümüz dünyasında bilgiye ve iletişime hızlı erişim yolu olan internet ile birlikte sürekli bir biçimde değişen gündemi yakalama, yeni olaylar hakkında haberdar olma ve yaşanan gelişmelerden geride kalmama isteği, bireylerin bu tür cihazlarla geçirdikleri zamanı arttırmakta ve bu durum da iş performanslarına farklı şekillerde yansımaktadır. Mesleği gereği sürekli araştırma yapmak, kendini geliştirmek ve sadece genel olayları değil aynı zamanda literatürdeki son gelişmeleri de kaçırmamak adına akademisyenler de bu teknolojinin faydalarından ve bazı olası zararlarından etkilenebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada akademik personelin gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu ile akademik performans algıları arasındaki ilişkide sanal kaytarmanın aracılık rolünün incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. İç Anadolu bölgesinde yer alan kamu veya vakıf üniversitelerindeki 495 akademisyen ile gerçekleştirilen çalışmaya göre gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu ile akademik performans algısı arasında negatif, gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu ile sanal kaytarma arasında ise pozitif ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte sanal kaytarma ile akademik performans algısı arasında istatistiki olarak ilişki bulunmamış olup, sanal kaytarmanın ilgili ilişkide istatistiki olarak anlamlı aracılık rolü de tespit edilememiştir.
A proposal to facilitate BIM implementation across the South African construction industry
Authors: Calitz S , Wium J A
Published: December 2022

The value of Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been noted by the global construction industry, and several countries are facilitating BIM through national strategies and initiatives. However, the South African Construction Industry (SACI) lacks widespread and effective BIM implementation. Therefore, this study presents a proposal to facilitate BIM implementation across the industry. A qualitative, exploratory methodology was followed involving semi-structured interviews with nine BIM experts. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. An understanding was gained of the challenges associated with BIM implementation across the construction industry. Possible solutions were found in terms of initiatives and strategies to facilitate and promote BIM implementation locally. Key role-players responsible for facilitating BIM implementation in the SACI were identified. Finally, a proposal is made to facilitate BIM implementation across the local industry, which comprises three key concepts, namely leadership, strategy, and roles and responsibilities. This research contributes to BIM adoption and implementation in the SACI and can be used for future research on national BIM implementation strategies.
Traffic safety and the rural road environment: Assessing the impact of combined roadway conditions on crash incidence
Authors: Ambunda R , Sinclair M
Published: December 2022

This study was designed to explore the combinational effect of the roadway and traffic characteristics of national rural roads on fatal and serious-injury crashes in Namibia. Namibia, like many other countries in Southern Africa, experiences high numbers of high-severity crashes, particularly on its rural road network. The study applied Generalised Poisson regression models to analyse the study dataset. The results indicate that high-severity crashes are almost always influenced by a combination of factors, not simply the presence of a single factor. For example, on higher-order roads, a higher proportion of heavy vehicles in the traffic stream had the highest absolute impact on high-severity crash levels, but this effect was heightened when hilliness, wider lanes, surfaced shoulders and higher operating speeds were also present at the same time. On lower-order roads a higher proportion of light vehicles in the traffic stream had the highest absolute impact on high-severity crashes, and again this was compounded in the presence of wider unpaved shoulder widths and higher operating speeds. Overall, wider lane widths and wider unpaved shoulder widths, especially when found in combination with each other, were linked to a subsequent increase in higher-severity crash levels on higher-order roads. The study shows conclusively that the development of safer roads relies not on simply implementing minimum safety standards for individual design elements, but on understanding the relationship between features of road design, traffic parameters and road safety, to recognise which coincidences of factors affect crash risks on different classes of road. This knowledge can result in more careful road design so that crash likelihood is reduced.
Promoting the play of children with autism spectrum disorders: Contributions of teachers and caregivers
Authors: Gretschel P , Munambah N , Campodonico K , Jacobs M , Mabasa N , Masinyana A , Nassen H , Nghulele T
Published: December 2022

INTRODUCTION: The play of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be negatively impacted on by difficulties linked to their diagnosis, however, people present in the children's contexts can positively influence their engagement in play. Teachers and caregivers, being significant role players participating in the contexts of children, are well positioned to promote the engagement of children in play. RESEARCH DESIGN: This paper reports the findings of a qualitative descriptive study which employed semi-structured interviews to explore and describe the ways in which three teachers and two caregivers supported the engagement of children with ASD in play FINDINGS: The theme, Acknowledging, Accommodating, and Adapting, describes how the caregivers and teachers supported the play of children with ASD. The multiple ways in which they promoted the children's engagement in play is unpacked in the following categories: creating and affording opportunities for the child to direct their own play; recognising, caring for, and making preferred play materials available, and purposeful pairing with specific playmates. DISCUSSION: Caregivers and teachers have experiential knowledge of the play interests and the ways in which children with ASD play. They skilfully draw on this knowledge to implement an array of strategies to promote the play of children with ASD. CONCLUSION: Given their instrumental role in supporting the play of children with ASD, occupational therapists should be encouraged to continue to partner with and learn from care-givers and teachers. This will align with collaborative practice and enhance the development and implementation of relevant and sustained interventions focused on the occupation of play in children with ASD.
De l’art de produire des connaissances valides en situation de singularités fortes.
Authors: OLLIVIER Guillaume
Published: December 2022

Nous analysons l’expérience vécue par un groupe de maraichers diversifiés provençaux impliqués dans un CASDAR MCAE. En nous appuyant sur des entretiens, l’observation de différentes rencontres et l’analyse de la documentation produite au cours du projet, nous mettons en évidence l’importance des singularités, productives et sociales, des membres du groupe qui a contraint la manière de faire collectif et de produire des connaissances. Même s’il a été difficile de produire des connaissances sur un mode classique de l’expérimentation, le groupe est parvenu, par divers moyens et en s’appuyant sur le travail de l’animateur, à produire et à mettre en forme des connaissances valides pour ses membres.
Deposition of titanium silicide on stainless steel AISI 304 surface
Authors:   Institute of Materials Science of the Khabarovsk Scientific Center of the Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Burkov Alexander , Krutikova Valeria ,   Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khabarovsk
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Metal-ceramic coatings based on titanium silicide are promising for protecting stainless steel AISI 304 from wear, corrosion and high-temperature oxidation. Purpose of the work: to investigate the stainless steel AISI 304 surface layer structure after electrospark deposition in a mixture of titanium granules with silicon powder, and to study oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and tribotechnical properties of the obtained coatings. Research methodology. Fe-Ti-Si coatings on the stainless steel AISI 304 samples were obtained by electrospark machining with a non-localized electrode consisting of titanium granules and 2.6-6 vol.% mixture of titanium and crystalline silicon powders. Results and discussion: it is shown that a stable positive gain of the cathode is observed when the proportion of silicon in the powder mixture does not exceed 32 vol.%. The phase composition of the coatings includes: a solid solution of chromium in iron, titanium silicide Ti5Si3, titanium and silicon, which is confirmed by the energy dispersion analysis data. The microhardness of Fe-Ti-Si coatings ranges from 10.05 to 12.86 GPa, which is 5-6 times higher than that of uncoated steel AISI 304. The coefficient of friction of the coatings is about 20% lower compared to steel AISI 304 and hovers around 0.71-0.73. Wear tests in dry sliding mode show that Fe-Ti-Si coatings can increase the wear resistance of steel AISI 304 up to 6 times. The oxidation resistance of the coatings at a temperature of 900 ̊С is 7-12 times higher as compared to steel AISI 304. The conducted studies have shown that new electrospark Fe-Ti-Si coatings can increase corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, microhardness, as well as reduce the coefficient of friction and wear rate of the stainless steel AISI 304 surface.
The effect of complex modification on the structure and properties of gray cast iron for tribotechnical application
Authors:   I.I. Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russian Federation, Gabets Denis , Markov Andrey ,   I.I. Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russian Federation, Guryev Mikhail ,   I.I. Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russian Federation, Pismenny Evgeny ,   Railway Research Institute of JSC Russian Railways, Moscow, Nasyrova Alina ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

Introduction. An approach based on the complex modification of cast irons makes it possible to improve its mechanical properties by changing the structure of the metal matrix, as well as the shape of graphite and its distribution. The aim of this work is to study the influence of alloying elements on the structure and mechanical properties of gray cast irons obtained for operation under friction wear conditions. Research methods. The paper describes the process of obtaining complex modified gray cast irons. Fractographic investigation of dynamically destroyed samples is carried out. Structure’s features of SCh35, ChMN-35M and SChKM-45 gray cast irons are studied. Tribological testing under sliding friction conditions is carried out. Results and its discussion. It is established that the complex modification of SCh35 gray cast iron with molybdenum, nickel and vanadium makes it possible to increase its hardness to 295 HB and tensile strength to 470-505 MPa. Alloying with nickel (0.4-0.7 wt.%), molybdenum (0.4-0.7 wt.%) and vanadium (0.2-0.4 wt.%) leads to a decrease in the interlamellar distance of perlite by 2 times, as well as to the metal matrix grain refining. The length of graphite lamellas of modified cast irons is reduced by 3-5 times. An additional effect on the tensile strength of cast iron is due to the alloying of ferrite with molybdenum and vanadium, which is fallen out along the boundaries of graphite inclusions. Alloying of ferrite with molybdenum and vanadium increases the level of its microhardness by 1.4 times in comparison with the α-phase of SCh35 serial cast iron. The results of tribotechnical tests of the designed materials are presented. Conclusions. It is established that the wear of specimens made of SChKM-45 cast iron is approximately 20-30% lower compared to cast iron SCh35 cast iron and 10-15% lower compared to ChMN-35M cast iron. Fractographic studies show that complex alloying with molybdenum, vanadium and nickel, contributing to the refining of pearlite colonies, leads to a decrease of the size of the cleavage facets.
Investigation of the relationship between the cutting ability of the tool and the acoustic signal parameters during profile grinding
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Ardashev Dmitrii , Zhukov Alexander ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Modern mechanical engineering is closely connected with digital production management technologies, for which an important aspect is the collection of reliable information about the current state of the systems. Acoustic methods of current control of the tool cutting ability possess significant potential due to the possibility of continuously obtaining up-to-date data on the parameters of machining process. Profile grinding is one of the widespread methods of machining surfaces of complex configuration. The high importance of this method lies in the high degree of responsibility of shaped parts obtained with it. The wear parameter of profiled grinding wheels needs current control to the same extent as other types of cutting tools. At the same time, acoustic methods of research have not found wide application in relation to profile grinding. In view of this, the present work is aimed at studying the influence of the tool wear rate on the acoustic characteristics of grinding when using grinding wheels of different profiles. Purpose of work is to determine the acoustic parameters of profile grinding with application of planar grinding scheme as it wears out in comparison with analogical process with application of straight profile grinding wheel. As the basic methods of research an experiment is used to study the acoustic phenomena accompanying grinding with application of wheels of different profile. An analysis of the acoustic signal of grinding is carried out, as well as an analysis of the spectrum of its frequency composition. The frequencies of natural vibrations of grinding wheels of different profiles are investigated, its sound index is determined as a criterion for evaluating its characteristics. Acoustic characteristics of the grinding process with the use of grinding wheels of different profiles are compared. Regression analysis of acoustic data obtained as a result of the experiment is also used. Results and discussion. Spectrograms of frequencies of natural vibrations of the wheels under research, as well as a number of spectrograms of the acoustic signal accompanying the processing process for various technological conditions are received. As a result of comparing the obtained spectrograms, the informative frequencies of the grinding processes are determined. Mathematical models of sound level dependence on the value of periodic vertical feed St at depth t and processing time T are developed. It is established that the value of periodic vertical feed St at depth t has a greater influence on the acoustic index in comparison with the machining duration T. Practical significance and prospects of the results of the work lies in the possibility of increasing the efficiency of profile grinding processes due to the rational use of the tool availability.
Actitudes de los legisladores colombianos frente a la desigualdad de género
Authors:   Universidad de Medellín, Auza María Alejandra , Sendra Mariana ,   Universidad de Salamanca
Published: December 2022

Este capítulo aborda la percepción de los legisladores colombianos sobre la desigualdad de género. Utilizando datos de las tres últimas legislaturas disponibles en el marco del Proyecto de Élites Parlamentarias de América Latina de la Universidad de Salamanca, se analizará el grado de asociación de dichas actitudes y las variables sociodemográficas y políticas, con el propósito de identificar quiénes son, a qué partido pertenecen y qué características presentan aquellos legisladores que podrían Clasificarse como parlamentarios con sensibilidad de género dentro de la Cámara de Representantes.
La corrupción en sus justas proporciones. Percepciones de los legisladores colombianos en torno a la corrupción
Authors:   Centro de Información Estratégica Policía Seccional, Subinas Jon , García-Rendón Sergio ,   Centro Internacional de Estudios Políticos y Sociales (CIEPS)
Published: December 2022

La corrupción ha venido ganando terreno como tema de preocupación entre los ciudadanos de toda América Latina. El fenómeno fue adquiriendo fuerza como problema a reconocer con el escándalo de Odebrecht y con la recesión económica que vino luego del boom de las commodities. Ante la incapacidad de las democracias latinoamericanas para resolver los problemas sociales y de desigualdad, ha aparecido una posible explicación que apunta hacia élites políticas y sociedades corruptas que impiden que los recursos lleguen a donde tienen que llegar. Aunque los países han respondido de formas distintas a los respectivos casos asociados con Odebrecht y otros escándalos, en todos los países el problema de la corrupción se ha ubicado como uno de los más importantes (González e Hidalgo, 2019). Este capítulo se ocupa de describir las percepciones que los congresistas colombianos tienen sobre la corrupción, partiendo de las respuestas dadas por ellos en las entrevistas del Proyecto de Élites Latinoamericanas (PELA).
The effect of adsorbent-antioxidant vaginal gel on high-risk HPV clearance
Authors: Songül Alemdaroğlu , Gonca Çoban Şerbetçioğlu , Gülşen Doğan Durdağ , Şafak Yılmaz Baran , Şirin Aydın , Hüsnü Çelik
Published: December 2022

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of an adsorbent-antioxidant vaginal gel, which contains micronized silicon dioxide and antioxidant deflamin, on high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) clearance within the follow-up periods specified in the guidelines. Methods: In the study, the data of 52 patients infected with hr-HPV using vaginal gel for 3 months and 115 patients who were not using vaginal gel were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, Liquid-Based Cytology (LBC) at the time of presentation, colposcopy findings, and cervical biopsy results of both groups were investigated. After the LBC and hr-HPV results were evaluated at the end of the control period, both groups were compared in terms of hr-HPV clearance. The level of statistical significance was taken as 0.05 in all tests. Results: The two groups had similar demographic data, cytological findings, colposcopy findings, and cervical biopsy results (p > 0.05). During similar follow-up periods (13.6 ± 3.2 vs. 14.1 ± 3.4 months; p > 0.05), there was no significant difference in terms of hr-HPV clearance (46.2% vs. 51.3%; p > 0.05). Furthermore, the initial and follow-up cytology results of the patients were similar (p > 0.05). Conclusions: A significant effect of the absorbent antioxidant vaginal gel on hr-HPV clearance at approximately 1-year follow-up could not be demonstrated.Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of an adsorbent-antioxidant vaginal gel, which contains micronized silicon dioxide and antioxidant deflamin, on high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) clearance within the follow-up periods specified in the guidelines. Methods: In the study, the data of 52 patients infected with hr-HPV using vaginal gel for 3 months and 115 patients who were not using vaginal gel were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, Liquid-Based Cytology (LBC) at the time of presentation, colposcopy findings, and cervical biopsy results of both groups were investigated. After the LBC and hr-HPV results were evaluated at the end of the control period, both groups were compared in terms of hr-HPV clearance. The level of statistical significance was taken as 0.05 in all tests. Results: The two groups had similar demographic data, cytological findings, colposcopy findings, and cervical biopsy results (p > 0.05). During similar follow-up periods (13.6 ± 3.2 vs. 14.1 ± 3.4 months; p > 0.05), there was no significant difference in terms of hr-HPV clearance (46.2% vs. 51.3%; p > 0.05). Furthermore, the initial and follow-up cytology results of the patients were similar (p > 0.05). Conclusions: A significant effect of the absorbent antioxidant vaginal gel on hr-HPV clearance at approximately 1-year follow-up could not be demonstrated.
Protocol: Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis- A Systematic Review of HLA-DR in Pigeon Breeder’s Disease v1
Authors: Thibaut Dylan
Published: December 2022

Pigeon Breeder's Pneumonitis’ complex pathogenesis affects a specific exposure group, as well as a potential genetic predisposition varying the immune response to these antigens. Previous research has begun to categorize affected individuals possessing HLA sequences as compared to normal population. This HLA meta-analysis with Pigeon Breeder’s Pneumonitis will offer a broad scope analysis of these alleles, and serve as a further prognostic application. Earlier identification of the predisposition towards Pigeon Breeder's Pneumonitis will also serve as an opportunity for potentially disease course altering treatment earlier in it's pathogenesis.
2022 featured protocols v1
Authors: User Admin
Published: December 2022

2022 featured protocols