bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Roberta Spaemanna próba przywrócenia myślenia teleologicznego we współczesnej filozofii
Authors: Biesaga Tadeusz
Published: January 2021

Artykuł rekonstruuje dzieje likwidacji teleologii bytu w myśleniu filozoficznym. Wskazuje na teoretyczne źródła tego procesu oraz na jego katastrofalne skutki praktyczne. Już pod koniec średniowiecza św. Tomasza genialna synteza teleologii Arystotelesa z chrześcijańską nauką o stworzeniu została zakwestionowana przez teologów nominalistów. Dzieło destrukcji kontynuowała filozofia nowożytna i współczesna. Dziś bez większego trudu można zauważyć, że proces ten teoretycznie prowadzi do samolikwidacji tego myślenia, a praktycznie do katastrofalnych skutków niszczących przyrodę i cielesność człowieka. Przywrócenie myślenia teleologicznego w filozofii pozwala określić granicę, miarę, kryteria i normy aktywności człowieka względem przyrody oraz względem istot żywych i względem niego samego.
Prepozytywistyczna (?) koncepcja filozofii narodowej Michała Wiszniewskiego. cz. 2: Charakter i język filozofii narodowej
Authors: Cygan Milena
Published: January 2021

Termin „filozofia narodowa” obejmuje swym znaczeniem te specyficzne trendy filozoficzne, które występowały w wieku XIX, w okresie romantyzmu. Niemniej nie wszyscy myśliciele, którzy rozwijali koncepcję filozofii narodowej, należeli do tego wiodącego wówczas nurtu. Romantykiem nie był na pewno Wiszniewski, co też, między innymi, starano się pokazać w pierwszej części artykułu. Jednakże, podobnie jak każdy, kto postulował potrzebę stworzenia filozofii narodowej, tak i Wiszniewski stanął przed koniecznością określenia, czym według niego miałaby się charakteryzować filozofia narodowa, czyli stanął przed koniecznością określenia jej charakteru narodowego, stosunku do filozofii w ogóle, a także języka, w jakim miałaby się wyrażać. Tym zagadnieniom został poświęcony artykuł w swojej drugiej części. Stanowi on ponadto próbę oceny omawianej koncepcji Wiszniewskiego, a także odpowiedzi na pytanie „czy?” i na „ile?” można ją określić jako prepozytywistyczną.
Koncepcja ucieleśnionego podmiotu w filozofii Calvina Schraga
Authors: Winiarska Paulina
Published: January 2021

Artykuł przedstawia koncepcję ucieleśnionego podmiotu w ujęciu amerykańskiego filozofa Calvina O. Schraga. Sama kwestia istnienia podmiotu jest w koncepcji filozofa dość skomplikowanym zagadnieniem. Odnosimy czasem wrażenie, jakby jego istnienie – rozpięte między różnymi dyskursami – było dość efemeryczne; takie, że nie można mu w żaden sposób przypisać realnego istnienia. Być może można by mu przypisać istnienie intencjonalne, czyli takie, które jest podtrzymywane na mocy zachodzących aktów świadomości. Na podstawie analiz przeprowadzonych w niniejszym artykule omówiono podstawowe różnice i zależności między takimi elementami, jak: jaźń, Self, podmiot. Amerykański myśliciel stwierdza, że podmiot jest zawsze ucieleśniony, a w akcie działania ujawnia się jego cielesność. Ciało podmiotu jest nie tylko „kostiumem”, ale częścią bycia Ja. Podmiot w ujęciu Schraga jest zawsze tym, który doświadcza i na kanwie tego doświadczenia buduje otaczający go świat.
Filozoficzna droga Paola Valoriego
Authors: Mietelski Tymoteusz
Published: January 2021

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie filozoficznej twórczości Paola Valoriego (1919–2003). Był on jednym z najważniejszych przedstawicieli fenomenologii we Włoszech. Analiza jego głównych tekstów pozwala zaprezentować drogę do zainteresowania fenomenologią, zwłaszcza koncepcję fenomenologicznej analizy doświadczenia moralnego. Valori ukazuje specyfikę doświadczenia moralnego, a także postuluje potrzebę ontologii moralnej. Artykuł ukazuje źródła tego przekonania oraz proponowane cechy takiej ontologii.
W poszukiwaniu aksjologicznych podstaw dla etyki działań biotechnologicznych
Authors: Szymoniak Krzysztof
Published: January 2021

Biotechnologia należy do jednej z najszybciej rozwijających się dziedzin nauki. We współczesnej debacie bioetycznej nierzadko spotkać można opinię wskazującą na to, że biotechnologię jako naukę należy uznać za etycznie neutralną, a jedynie jej zastosowania powinny podlegać kwalifikacji moralnej. Zaprezentowana w artykule charakterystyka biotechnologii skłania autora do zaproponowania tezy przeciwnej. W pracy badawczej biotechnolog napotyka zagadnienia domagające się podejmowania decyzji o charakterze moralnym. Stąd w artykule przedstawiono pogląd, iż praktyka naukowa należąca do biotechnologii „nasycona” jest wartościami moralnymi. Uznanie aksjologicznego i etycznego wymiaru biotechnologii prowadzi jednocześnie do wniosku, że w codziennej praktyce badawczej naukowiec winien świadomie uwzględnić moralne aspekty swoich działań oraz wziąć pod uwagę dobro osoby ludzkiej. W artykule zaproponowano również ogólny model etosu biotechnologa oparty na etyce personalistyczno-tomistycznej.
Scudamour's Practice of Maistrye Upon Amoret
Authors: Hieatt A. Kent
Published: January 2021

Many of us will be in sympathy with some of the views of Thomas P. Roche, Jr., in “Britomart at the House of Busyrane” (PMLA, lxxvi, Sept. 1961, 340–344). On one important point, however, he is almost certainly wrong. It is not a shortcoming of Amoret, “lessoned/ In all the lore of love and goodly woman-head,” that she must view her relation to Scudamour in terms of the abusive Masque of Cupid, and that she must confuse her marriage with “adulterous” or “courtly” love. It is Scudamour who forces her into this position by his own practice of an aggressive mastery in the Chaucerian sense. He does not understand the love which depends on mutual freedom of choice and on concord, as in The Franklin's Tale; what he does understand is the imperious force of the love-deity who is imaged, for instance, in The Knight's Tale, in the Masque itself, and on his shield.
Developing sustainable transportation for university trips in low-income countries
Authors: Nadimi Navid , Sangdeh Amin Khoshdel , Kamkar Hassan
Published: January 2021

The UN has defined Sustainable Development Goals, in which sustainable cities and sustainable transportation can be achieved. Traffic congestion with adverse environmental, social and economic side effects has been determined as a threat to sustainable transport. This issue is more evident in developing countries, particularly around large organisations. Thus, this paper aims to assess the impact of different variables on university students’ mode choice in developing countries to propose countermeasures for shifting students’ trips from private cars to sustainable transport modes and reduce traffic congestion. The Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman in Iran is considered the case study in this research. Structural equation modelling is used to evaluate the relationships between the probability of using a specific mode with human characteristics, transportation mode specification and environmental conditions. The model outputs indicate that cycling needs to be incentivised and the general attitude about women cycling needs to be changed. The regular bus timetable, driving style, service frequency and spatial coverage also need to be modified. Regarding taxis, the driving style must be changed, and more attention needs to be paid to the travel-time reliability of taxis. Currently, carpooling is not well known and organised. Thus, developing a web-based application is recommended to organise the use of carpooling and help students living nearby to find each other. Regarding passenger cars, a web-based application for parking management can be used to manage the requests and increase the utility of other sustainable modes.
Effect of construction and design factors on the behaviour of nailed-soil structures
Authors: Ehrlich Mauricio , Rosa Cauê Antônio Barreto da , Mirmoradi Seyed Hamed
Published: January 2021

This study numerically evaluates the influence of excavation execution procedures in combination with the nail stiffness, facing stiffness and inclination, surcharge width and position and excavation near to the bottom on the behaviour of nailed-soil structures under working stress conditions. The numerical analyses are carried out using the two-dimensional finite-element program Plaxis 2D 2015. Data from a full-scale physical model of soil nailing constructed by the French national research project, Clouterre, is first used for the validation of the analyses. In the parametric study, two different excavation execution procedures are investigated. The first procedure represents the execution of small-width incremental excavation, starting from one side of the wall and progressing along the same level to the other side. In the second procedure, which can occur in the field, each level is fully excavated, and then nail installation and shotcreting are performed. The results show the effect of each execution procedure, in combination with the other factors mentioned, on the behaviour of the soil-nailing structure and indicate the first procedure to be the optimum construction process.
A methodology for measuring a local index of public transport accessibility
Authors: Al-Sahili Khaled , Qaisi Khalil
Published: January 2021

Increasing interest in sustainable development has underlined the importance of accessibility as a key indicator to assess public transport (PT) investments. In several developing countries, measurements of PT accessibility has been limited even though technical tools are available. In this work, a methodology for assessing the accessibility of an intra-city fixed-route PT service was developed and applied to the city of Nablus in Palestine. The primary objective was to develop a local index of public transport availability (Lipta) to reflect the availability levels of PT services on a zonal scale. The methodology adopts analytical methods using collective data and field surveys of PT frequency and characteristics. This study consolidates several other studies and integrates spatial and temporal components to produce a collective PT accessibility measure. The results showed that the Lipta provides a suitable methodology for measuring and assessing PT accessibility in urban areas. Its application to the case study showed that the zones in Nablus have various levels of PT accessibility, ranging from excellent to poor. Application of the Lipta provides a guide for transport planners and decision makers on where and how to improve PT services and coverage.
Effect of individualized home-based intervention program in preterm infants at 35-36 weeks gestational age using prechtl’s general movement assessment: a pre-post experimental study
Authors:   KAHER JNMC Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka-India., Jain Jinali , Metgud Deepa ,   KAHER JNMC Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka-India.
Published: January 2021

Background: Preterm birth associated with various abnormalities can have a detrimental impact on an infant’s developmental outcome which marks the need of a landmark tool to detect an abnormality at an early age and incorporate specific intervention strategies. Positive effects of intervention on developmental outcomes have been noted, however tailored home-based intervention programs on developmental enhancements are essential. Purpose: To evaluate the impact of Individualized Home Based Developmental Program on the neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants using Prechtl’s General Movement Assessment. Methodology: Ninety preterm infants admitted to the NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit)of a tertiary care hospital in Tertiary care hospital at Belagavi, Karnataka, India. The study was carried out for a duration of 12 months. Participants were conveniently selected from a population-based sample from May 2018 to March 2019. Based on the inclusion criteria of the study, these infants were screened for the movement trajectories on Prechtl’s GMA at 3-36- and 38-40-weeksGA(Gestational Age) respectively. Out of the 90 infants, 19 infants showing abnormal movement trajectories were recruited for individualized home-based developmental program for a duration of 12 weeks followed by re-evaluation at 3 months post term age. Results: The results were statistically significant (p<0.001) with 14 out of 19 infants exhibiting 70% improvement with normal Fidgety movements at 3 months post term age. Conclusion: IHBP delivered for 12 weeks was found to be effective in promoting developmental outcome in preterm infants. KEY WORDS: Preterm infants, Prechtl’s General Movement Assessment, home-based early intervention.
Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of Individuals from Pune city after 6 weeks of Mild and Moderate grade COVID-19 infection
Authors:   Assistant professor, Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Physiotherapy, Deccan Education Society’s Brijlal Jindal College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Maharashtra (INDIA)., Soman Aditi , Mangaonkar Aditee ,   Final BPTh student, Deccan Education Society’s Brijlal Jindal College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Maharashtra (INDIA).
Published: January 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus was declared as a global pandemic by the WHO in March 2020. India is the second worst hit by the pandemic in which Maharashtra records highest number of infected cases in the country with Pune topping the count. Prevalence of Mild and Moderate grade of COVID-19 infection is high among the population. HRQoL was found to be curtailed in adults who suffered from Upper respiratory tract infection and also in survivors of H1N1 pandemic, SARS and MERS epidemics. Purpose of study: Alteration in individual’s HRQoL can affect his daily activities and community participation. There is a dearth of studies about the impact of COVID-19 infection on the quality of life of patients in Indian Population. Hence, the following study was undertaken and HRQoL was assessed using components of Short Form-12 questionnaire. Results and main findings: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 121 individuals across Pune city, after a mean of 45 days after suffering from Mild (73%) or Moderate (27%) grade of COVID-19 infection. Out of the study population, 29% had one or more co-morbidities present such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension, hypothyroidism. Results of the components of the SF-12 questionnaire of these individuals are as follows. 61.15% of the study population have no limitations in physical functioning, 65% have no limitation in role physical activities, 72.7% have no pain interference in their daily activities, 92.6% have positive general health perception, 90% have good amount of energy in their daily life, 89.2% have no significant interference in their social activities, 74% have no limitations in their daily activities due to their emotional health, 72.7% have felt peaceful for significant amount of the time and 64.9% individuals have not felt depressed or sad since the infection. Conclusion: Health-related Quality of Life is not impaired in 61.15% of the population of Pune city who suffered from mild and moderate grade COVID-19 infection. Clinical implication: This study can be helpful in planning a multidisciplinary treatment after 6 weeks of the infection for individuals who were mildly or moderately infected by COVID-19. KEY WORDS: Covid-19, Health related quality of life, SF-12, persistent symptoms.
Investigation of Antibacterial Activity of Juglone – Poly(ε-caprolactone) - Alumina Composite Films
Authors: HOŞ Ayşegül , OLGUN Uğursoy , TUNÇ Kenan
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to produce Juglone – Poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL)

- Alumina (Al2O3) composite films and determine their

antibacterial properties. PCL-Al2O3 composite films

containing 1% and 5% juglone were prepared using roll mill method. Juglone –

Poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL) - Alumina (Al2O3) composite

films were found to have 100% antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. It is thought that Juglone-PCL-Al2O3

composite films may have potential application in food packaging and personal

care products in order to ensure microbial safety and extend shelf life of food

and personal care products.
Optimal Spatial Organisation of the Regional Economy: Search for Parameters and Dependencies
Authors: Lavrikova Y.G. , Suvorova A.V.
Published: January 2021

The framework guiding the spatial development of the Russian Federation is widely discussed. However, the characteristics of an optimally organised space are yet to be defined. This research focuses on one of the aspects of this problem, aiming to identify the characteristics of the optimal spatial organisation of the regional economy depending on the degree of homogeneity of socio-economic space. We examined four Russian regions comparable in area and administrative-territorial division, but differing in economic activity (Krasnodar Krai, the Republic of Tatarstan, Chelyabinsk Oblast and Kemerovo Oblast). For that purpose, we applied spatial analysis methods: spatial autocorrelation, cartographic analysis. The examined regions are characterised by varying degrees of spatial heterogeneity. It is most significant in the Chelyabinsk Oblast, where 46% of the population lives in the territory of two municipalities that produce 73 % of the regional products. The territories of Chelyabinsk Oblast differ the most in terms of output (R/P is 994.65). The degree of heterogeneity is also high in the Republic of Tatarstan, characterised by the differentiation of municipalities in terms of inhabitants (the maximum R/P is 42.09) and fragmentation of space (the global Moran’s index for the considered parameters is less than its expected value). Krasnodar Krai is the most homogeneous (the production R/P is 131.57, the settlement R/P is 14.52) and integrated territory (spatial autocorrelation is positive). Simultaneously, there is no clear relationship between the degree of spatial homogeneity and the efficiency of economic activity in the regions in the short term. The results show that it is impossible to use a single unified model for the development of various territories. Thus, it is necessary to apply a differentiated approach when determining spatial development guidelines. The obtained results can be used by public authorities in the field of spatial development management. Moreover, they can be used for further research of other parameters of spatial organisation that are not related to its homogeneity.
Integration of Higher Education Institutions to Address the Challenges of Regional Socio-Economic Development
Authors: Gaponova Olga S. , Smeltsova Svetlana V. , Chilipenok Yulia Yu.
Published: January 2021

Recently, the topic of regional development has become particularly relevant since regions are gaining more and more autonomy in solving their socio-economic issues. This transformation results in the concern of how to find potential partners for building a regional development strategy, sharing resources and competencies. In this context, it is advisable to consider universities as a significant potential partner. In particular, it is necessary to analyse their role and capabilities in creating a regional strategy, the most relevant forms of interaction, and indicators for assessing the effectiveness of the universities’ integration to address the challenges of regional development. We applied the expert interview method and discussed the problem with representatives of 28 Russian universities who occupy top managerial positions and have an expert opinion on key issues. Based on the analysis of empirical material, we identified three main roles of universities in regional development: a project initiator, a partner, and a source of human and analytical resources. During the resource assessment, we determined that funding is the only scarce resource for universities, while all other resources and competencies can be quickly mobilised if necessary. The most effective mechanisms for integrating universities to address regional challenges are a consortium of universities and the organisation of project offices with the participation of government and business representatives. The main research result was the identification of quantitative and qualitative criteria characterising the universities’ involvement in solving socio-economic issues of regional development, as well as indicators, which are necessary for their definition. Additionally, we discovered a previously unidentified information and administration group among the quantitative criteria and defined the main stages of assessing the effectiveness of such integration. In regards to the considered issue, a promising direction for further research would be a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the universities’ integration to address social and economic challenges in different regions of the Russian Federation.
The Management of Urban Development for the Regional Economic Growth: the Example of Kazakhstan
Authors: Mukhametzhan Svetlana O. , Junusbekova Gulsara A. , Daueshov Marat Ye.
Published: January 2021

Considering the increasing imbalance in the economic development of urbanised territories of Kazakhstan, examining the impact of urbanisation on the economic growth of cities to ensure their innovative development is necessary. This study analyses trends and problems of the impact of urbanisation on urban development on the example of Kazakhstan. The article focuses on urban development and related processes that will open new opportunities for Kazakhstan to accelerate economic growth and improve living standards. The works of local researchers do not show the relationship between the levels of urban and economic development in different regions of the country and the impact of urbanisation on this process. To supplement previous studies, we used statistical and comparative analysis methods. Moreover, we compared the current state of urban development in Kazakhstan with the situation in other countries. The obtained empirical estimates confirm the correlation between the level of urbanisation of a country and its economic growth. Without a holistic approach to urban management, it is difficult to establish the directions, principles and development strategies for Kazakhstan’s cities and megacities to follow. Thus, we identified the main directions for economic growth of urbanised territories of Kazakhstan: proper control and management of urbanisation, flexible management, development of appropriate policies for different regions of the country, use of best practices in developing urban strategies. We recommend considering the analysis of urban management in the broader context, and not only as a task of implementing regional economic growth. For that purpose, it is necessary to create an integrated multi-level management system that provides feedback and preventive management, classifying the consequences of urban policy in the regions and the effects of achieving the country’s strategic development goals. Therefore, the Kazakh government should at least review its functions and responsibilities and look for solutions to achieve a tangible synergistic effect.
Regional Development and the Education System in the Context of Digital Transformation
Authors: Akaev A.A. , Desyatko D.N. , Petryakov A.A. , Sarygulov A.I.
Published: January 2021

The paper aims to assess how the existing imbalance between the education system and the regional economy influences the formation of spatial inequality and uneven economic development. Based on the structural and comparative analysis of data on Russia and China as the members of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, we demonstrate that the technologies of the 4th Industrial Revolution shift the demand for highly skilled labour force. This situation leads to the gap between labour demand and supply, as the education systems are oriented to the economic needs of the 3rd Industrial Revolution. We consider cross-country differences in the quantity of STEM graduates and researchers (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) as a possible cause of spatial inequality in the context of digital transformation. Further, on the example of Russia, we apply correlation and regression analysis to show that the discrepancy between the skill level of graduates and market expectations contributes to regional development inequality. We demonstrate the strong relationship between the share of unemployed persons among the economically active population and the skills of the labour force for all federal districts of the Russian Federation. On average, an increase in the share of employees with higher or secondary vocational education by 1 % decreases unemployment by 0.32 %. Additionally, in all federal districts of Russia, there is a discrepancy between the economic need for highly qualified workers with higher education and the education system producing too many specialists with secondary vocational education. The discrepancy between the structure of skilled labour force produced by the education system and the employment structure in the labour market by 10 % increases unemployment by almost 1 %. The results of the study can be used by the government for creating the development strategy of the education system and reducing spatial inequality.
Differentiation of Innovative Development Strategies of Regions for Improving the Effectiveness of Socio-Economic Policy in the Russian Federation
Authors: Sukhovey Alla F. , Golova Irina M.
Published: January 2021

The study aims to develop a differentiate d approac h t o th e elaboratio n o f innovativ e developmen t strategie s o f Russian regions, which allows an effective implementation of innovative paradigms, considering the specificity of scientific and technical, innovative, and production and technological potential of regions. The analysis of international experience of innovative development illustrates the need to consider regional features when creating innovative strategies. We examined the dynamics of the innovative potential of Russian regions over the past decade. We hypothesise that an effective targeted innovative strategy of a region should be closely related to its socio-economic strategy, relying on the most relevant scientific, technological, and educational potential. We identified 4 main criteria for differentiating innovative strategies. These criteria application increases the effectiveness of innovation policies. These factors include the relationship of regional innovative strategies with relevant socio- economic strategies, the innovation and technological specialisation of the regions, regional needs for innovative transformations for the future, and forms of innovation activity. A comparative analysis of innovation and production capabilities and needs of Russian regions showed significant differences in the number of people employed in research and development, technological innovation costs, manufacturing output and other indicators. Based on the analysis, we identified top 15 regions, which are the most innovation-ready. The study used comparative analysis methods, economic and statistical methods, and forecasting methods. We proposed an algorithm for using a differentiated approach for strategizing regional innovative development. Finally, we concluded that a differentiated approach to the development and implementation of innovative development strategies allows improving the efficiency and targeting of state innovation policy through more efficient use of available resources and opportunities to strengthen the sustainability of regional communities. The article is intended for experts in the field of theory and practise of managing the innovative development of regions.
Innovative Behaviour of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises of an Industrial Region
Authors: Vlasov Maxim V.
Published: January 2021

Small and medium-sized enterprises are the drivers of economic development of any macro-system. In the context of technological paradigm shift, successful operation of small and medium-sized enterprises largely depends on innovations. Therefore, it is advisable to examine innovative behaviour of these firms. The study aims to analyse the innovative behaviour of small and medium-sized enterprises of an industrial region, assess the funding of innovation activities, and identify factors that determine the innovation policy of small and medium-sized firms. Additionally, the paper suggests how state and municipal authorities can stimulate the innovative development of small and medium-sized enterprises. The initial data were the results of a survey of representatives of small and medium-sized enterprises in a Russian industrial region, which was conducted from May to September 2019 in the Sverdlovsk region. I interviewed 157 small and medium-sized enterprise managers in the Sverdlovsk region from various sectors of economic activity. The applied methods include in-depth interviews with managers, the statistical analysis method, and the logical systematic approach. The conducted research allowed identifying the features of the innovative behaviour of small and medium-sized firms in the Sverdlovsk region. Based on the analysis of the reasons for the low innovation activity of small and medium-sized enterprises, I developed recommendations for its improvement in the Sverdlovsk region. To solve the problem of low innovation activity in an industrial region, it is necessary for state and municipal authorities to stimulate innovative behaviour of small and medium-sized firms. Managers of small and medium-sized enterprises can use the obtained results to increase their activity. State and municipal authorities can apply the findings to develop programmes stimulating innovative behaviour of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Drivers for Development in Regional Higher Education
Authors: Sandler Daniil G , Sudakova Anastasia E. , Tarasyeva atyana V.
Published: January 2021

Recently, higher education in Russia and abroad has been transformed significantly. Both universities and the state have to tackle challenging and multidirectional tasks. Analysis of theoretical research on the types of higher education institutions and the determining factors provides insights into drivers for development. Simultaneously, multivariate methodology for assessing the state of higher education allows identifying the factors that most affect its transformation. Th e stud y demonstrate s that these factors depend on the development strategy and economic model of a university as well as government programmes for the development of education and science. One of the major factors affecting the development of regional higher education is the presence of a leading university in the region. This situation is economically justified due to the strong dependence of universities on the federal budget. Moreover, a leading university creates an educational environment for academic staff and students. Their participation in scientifi c researc h an d academi c activitie s positivel y influen ce t he developme nt of regional systems. The growing gap between the leading university and other education institutions leads to monopolisation, decrease in competition, and, consequently, decline in performance. Thus, there is a need for structural changes. The particular factors affecting the development of the higher education are the indicators of academic activity and student performance. The conducted analysis suggests the intensification of the trends, indicating further differentiation of regional higher education system with a simultaneous improvement of individual universities in research and development. Additionally, it is necessary to examine the feasibility of structural adjustment within regional systems due to the growing imbalances in development.
IMPROVEMENT OF STAFF ASSESSMENT METHOD IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
Authors:   FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University», Kotov D.V. , Vakhitov R.T. ,   FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University»
Published: January 2021

The problem of human resource management is becoming more and more urgent every year, since highly qualified personnel, a well-organized labor process ultimately directly affect the competitiveness of products, their low cost and high quality. The proper use of human resources is one of the factors determining the effectiveness of an organization. But, before using it, you need to properly evaluate it. The aim of this work is to study the theoretical principles and develop practical recommendations for improving the personnel assessment system for the oil and gas industry using the example of Bashneft-Retail. An annual mass assessment of personnel will be conducted to assess the effectiveness and value of the work of the organization’s employees. The bonus component and promotion of the employee’s career ladder will depend on the result of the assessment. It will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the employee’s work, will give an impetus to his development and unlocking potential. As a result of the annual mass assessment of employees, the organization can obtain objective data on the available human resources, and will be able to build a clear and focused training and development system individually for each employee. Each employee will be able to get feedback and see the prospects for their further development, while significantly increasing their motivation. The introduction of the proposed model for improving the personnel performance evaluation system increases the interest of employees in the results of their work and the effectiveness of the organization as a whole. This article analyzes the effectiveness of the annual mass assessment of personnel, the mechanism for its implementation, as well as the practical use and analysis of the expected effect after applying the proposed procedure. A theoretical analysis was carried out, the rationale for the use of the annual mass assessment of personnel and suggestions for its improvement in relation to the oil and gas industry. It analyzes the theoretical foundations of personnel assessment and the study of its key methods, as well as the existing methods for the effectiveness of employees of Bashneft.
THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND ANALYSIS OF THE SECURITIES MARKET OF INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN AND TATARSTAN
Authors:   FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University», Zaripova I.R. , Isaeva N.G. ,   FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University», Zinatullin E.M. ,   FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University», Molokanov S.D. ,   FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University»
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the implementation of individual investors' activities in the securities market. The main directions of investment strategies are defined. The formation and rapid development of the stock market in Russia creates the necessary prerequisites for large-scale and efficient use by investors of securities transactions. The functioning of the stock market provides for the acquisition, on certain conditions and for a certain period, of free cash resources, raising funds through the issuance and sale of securities and channeling them to the technical renewal of enterprises, their reorientation to the production of competitive products. The stock market creates the conditions for the movement of capital as a result of intersectoral competition, while forming a complex system of markets in which demand and supply for various means of payment are formed and concentrated. In recent years, due to certain historical and economic circumstances, new types of investors begin to dominate in the securities market in Russia – in particular, individual investors, who represent one of the most promising groups of investors in the securities market. The purpose of the work is to determine the directions of investment strategies of an individual investor in the securities market, as well as conduct investment analysis of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Republic Tatarstan. The object of the study is the activities of individual investors in the securities market. The objectives of the work are: 1. Definition of the main directions and essence of investment. 2. Identification of investor opportunities. 3. Analysis of investment in the Republic of Bashkortostan. 4. Analysis of investment in the Republic Tatarstan. The basis of this work is the work of foreign and Russian researchers in the field of investment. This paper analyzes the investment of the stocks market of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Republic of Tatarstan. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions and proposals for attracting investors were formulated.
DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION ACCOUNTING SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION AND LABOR RESOURCES OF THE AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   FSBEI HE «Perm State Agrarian and Technological University named after Academician D.N. Pryanishnikova», Bochkarev A.M.
Published: January 2021

As young people move to cities, the demographic structure of the village changes, and traditional village institutions tend to weaken or even collapse. Another factor is that agricultural income is being replaced by remittances. The consequences of this development for the well-being of rural households are ambiguous. On the one hand, the increase in the share of non-farm income has reduced the dependence of the poor on land for income growth in rural areas. Rural-urban transformation and rural economy in emerging market economies during the economic downturn: empirical data for the Russian Federation, obtained on June 24, 2017; decisions made in 2018 to allocate funds for the development of rural households in the Russian Federation are increasingly dependent on non-farm income and cash subsidies, while dependence on land is decreasing. The purpose of this study is to promote a better understanding of the role of villages in emerging market economies such as the Russian Federation, using a typical Russian village as an example. The results show that, depending on macroeconomic conditions, both agriculture-oriented and migrationoriented livelihood strategies can be useful. During periods of economic growth, migration contributes to the growth of the population's income, but for the full development of this process, a developed system of information support is necessary. Such a system will allow not only to organize information about various production processes in rural areas, but also to increase the efficiency of distribution of production and labor resources. Despite long periods of absence, migrants maintain strong links with their home village to better cope with economic downturns. This information helps to optimize production solutions in rural areas and improve the development of the village.
IMPROVEMENT OF INTERNAL PLANNING AT OIL REFINING AND PETROCHEMICAL ENTERPRISES BASED ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Branch of FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University», Evdokimova N.G. , Luneva N.N. ,   Branch of FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University», Levina T.M. ,   Branch of FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University», Luneva M.E. ,   Branch of FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University»
Published: January 2021

The economic basis of market relations between business entities and objects is the planning of activities, which provides the necessary balance between production and consumption of products, demand for goods and supply volumes by the enterprise at the macroeconomic level. At the enterprise, playing acts as an optimizer for the production of high-quality products based on efficient and rational use of resources. In management practice, a special place is occupied by internal planning, which is considered as a system of interconnected long-term, medium-term and short-term plans that determine the strategy of the company as a whole, as well as the goals of functioning, the forecast of the development of internal and external factors and resources of the enterprise. One of the main types of planning in the organization is production planning, which is widely used at petrochemical and oil refining enterprises and, in particular, at Gazprom Neftekhim Salavat LLC. The technological features of oil refining and petrochemical enterprises have a great influence on the process of production planning: the multivariance and complexity of technological processes, a wide range of products; large production capacities and technological installations; high material and energy intensity; a significant share of raw materials in the cost of production. Therefore, the processes of modeling and optimization in internal planning are impossible without the effective use of software and information support. This justifies the relevance and need to optimize production planning and increase the effectiveness of its management. The article discusses the practice of production planning at LLC Gazprom Neftekhim Salavat. At the enterprise, the planning process for the processing of raw materials and production is carried out using the Aspen PIMS software product, which allows us to calculate the optimal version of the production plan and ensures the maximum marginal profit of the enterprise. The principles of operation of the Aspen PIMS module are considered; production tasks solved with the help of this software. The basic structure of the construction of the planning process at LLC Gazprom Neftekhim Salavat is given. The use of a specialized planning software product in combination with production modeling tools allows to obtain a significant economic effect.
SPECIALIZATION AS A SYSTEMIC TOOL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GARMENT INDUSTRY IN DIGITALIZATION
Authors:   FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University», Girfanova L.R. , Abdyrasulova R.R. ,   Osh State University
Published: January 2021

The development of digital technologies offers a wide range of opportunities to increase production efficiency, which relies on known tools and methods that transform in modern conditions. Many researchers note that the specialization most characteristic of complex knowledge-intensive industries has high prospects and is evident in all sectors of the national economy. Its combination with cooperation and outsourcing brings momentum to the development of both individual enterprises and the industry as a whole. It has been found that in light industry, which had a developed system of specializations, the return to this practice is difficult due to significant changes in the industries related to the liquidation of large mass production enterprises and the lag in the creation of digital twins, which are the basis at the stage of production preparation. Lost in the process of transition to a market economy, large production with a complete cycle is now successfully replaced by specialized small and medium-sized production, using high-performance equipment combined with modern digital technologies. It is obvious that the garment industry has entered a new cycle of development characterized by a high degree of specialization against the background of the application of digital technologies at all stages of the product life cycle. The significant lag in the application of digital technologies at the stage of production of light industry products is overcome, especially in the transition to additive technologies. It is noted that the digital shadow complements the information digital twin, which is especially relevant from the point of view of production. The introduction of digital technologies in specialized industries allows to achieve higher productivity and payback of invested capital than in standard production, where such investment is "blurred" due to the lag of related processes of the enterprise. It has been revealed that the modern stage of development of light industry is characterized by the application of fundamentally new technologies based on the creation of a digital twin and digital shadow, which create prerequisites for industrial application of additive technologies in industry. Key words: specialization, cooperation, digitalization, development of light industry
SCENARIO APPROACH OF INCREASING LIFE CYCLE OF OIL REFINERIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN
Authors:   FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University», Valiev S.Z. , Fedorova O.A. ,   FSBEI HE «Ufa State Petroleum Technological University»
Published: January 2021

A unique complex of petrochemical and oil refining production is located on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. According to its design production capacity, this complex occupies a leading position on the territory of the Russian Federation. Due to the reduction of proven reserves of oil-raw materials for this complex, there are high risks for its life, which will undoubtedly affect the socio-economic development of the region in the future. The authors’ reasoning focuses the regional economy on the modernization of production capacities of the petrochemical and oil refining complex, which contribute to the production of an expanded range of commercial products using renewable energy sources based on biomass. Thus, the involvement of countries in the production of energy products based on biomass is currently increasing. Key positions are held by Argentina, Brazil, Indonesia, etc. However, in the countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, where oil and gas production and processing accounts for a significant share of economic development, there is a significant lag in the production of energy based on renewable energy sources. The article offers a number of scenarios that contribute to the continuation of the life cycle of oil refineries. These scenarios are based on the production of mixed biofuels with 5-, 10- and 20-percent bio-raw materials in the fuel. The most optimal scenarios are based on a gradual increase in bio-raw materials from 5 to 20 percent. Thus, the production of mixed fuel not only promotes the continuation of the life cycle of petrochemical and refining production, but also to preserve and increase jobs, especially in rural areas, and improve the environment, socio-economic development of the region and improve the quality of people's lives.
FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY RISK MANAGEMENT MODELS
Authors:   FSBEI HE «Bashkir State University», Kurmanova D.A. , Sultangareev D.R. ,   FSBEI HE «Bashkir State University», Khabibullina L.R. ,   Branch of FSBEI HE «Bashkir State University»
Published: January 2021

Cyber incidents continue to move up in the rating of possible threats and occupy the second position in the ranking of risks in the activities of companies (40 %). Five years ago, they were on the fifteenth line. Like a natural disaster or pandemic, a cyber attack can have a negative impact on hundreds of companies, and the number of such incidents is growing. So-called "cyber incidents",when hackers interfere with the activities of a large number of companies, using the dependencies of their shared Internet infrastructure, occur more often. This reflects the fact that today's world of risk management is more volatile than ever. At the same time, with the upcoming entry into force of the General data protection regulation (GDPR), which has been in effect throughout Europe since may 2018, the prospects of imposing more and larger fines on companies that do not comply with it have already become real. Actions taken by the company in light of a data integrity violation directly affect the final cost of such a violation. Reputational damage is inevitable if the response to a cyber incident is inadequate. New risks require new tools to respond to their potential impacts and mitigate them. This article discusses the possible risks of financial technologies, draws attention to cyber threats, the frequency of which is increasing, and offers a model for identifying and evaluating cyber risks.