bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Infografik Siluk Merah sebagai Ikan Endemik Indonesia yang Terancam Punah
Authors: Pambudi Aditya Nur , Limbong Edo Galasro , Qeis Muhammad Iqbal
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengedukasi masyarakat khususnya para remaja mengenai ikan arwana yang merupakan satwa dilindungi dan dikategorikan terancam punah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data bersumber dari studi pustaka, observasi dan wawancara dengan narasumber. Studi pustaka dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data-data literatur seperti buku, jurnal, maupun artikel ilmiah terkait objek ikan arwana. Observasi dilakukan dengan mengunjungi PT. Arwana yang berlokasi di Cibubur. Wawancara dilakukan secara langsung dengan bapak Suwandi selaku Manajer operasional pemasaran PT. Arwana sebagai ahli mengenai ikan arwana. Hasil yang dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah dibuatnya infografik berjudul Ikan Arwana “Siluk Merah Terancam Punah” dengan gaya konsep perancangan desain ilustrasi yaitu flat design, serta menggunakan warna-warna yang cerah. Penggunaan konsep-konsep pada infografik ini disesuaikan untuk target audience dengan rentang umur 12 sampai 19 tahun. Diharapkan infografik ini dapat menyampaikan informasi secara jelas dan juga informatif yang dirancang melalui video animasi bergerak agar nantinya mudah dipahami oleh target audience. Format yang dipakai dalam infografik ini yaitu H264 atau MP4 HD, frame size wide 16:9 1920 x1080 pxl, dan frame rate 29,97 fps (frame per second) agar memberikan kenyamanan saat menonton video ini. Dari hasil infografik ini diharapkan masyarakat akan dapat mengetahui ikan arwana sebagai satwa dilindungi dan perlunya untuk menjaga keberlangsungannya di alam khususnya remaja sebagai upaya pelestarian ikan arwana.
Mendesain Buku Cerita Bergambar tentang Permainan Daring yang Positif
Authors: Azzahra Rayhandari Adnin , Wardani Winny Gunarti Widya , Ranuhandoko Ndaru
Published: January 2023

Permainan daring saat ini telah menjadi keseharian anak-anak. Ada beragam jenis permainan daring, ada yang berdampak positif, ada pula yang memberi pengaruh buruk bagi anak-anak. Untuk mensosialisasikan hal tersebut, diperlukan media informasi yang dapat dipahami oleh anak-anak. Tujuan penelitan ini adalah merancang buku cerita bergambar tentang permainan daring yang positif untuk anak dengan judul “Ayo Memilih Game Online yang Positif”. Target khalayak dari perancangan buku ini adalah anak-anak berusia 6-12 tahun yang gemar bermain game online dan orang tua yang memiliki anak di usia tersebut. Buku cerita bergambar ini didesain dengan menggunakan gaya ilustrasi kartun, berukuran 23 cm x 23 cm, berorientasi portrait, dan berjumlah 44 halaman. Buku cerita bergambar ini juga menggunakan warna-warna kontras untuk meningkatkan perhatian anak.  Buku cerita bergambar ini diharapkan dapat mengedukasi anak-anak dan para orang tua agar dapat memilih permainan daring yang positif, dan terhindar dari pengaruh negatif yang dapat ditimbulkan. Selain itu, hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengubah persepsi buruk orang tua terhadap permainan daring.
Perancangan Film Animasi Wayang Komik Motion Berjudul Perang Baratayudha Hari ke-12
Authors: Ilham Muhamad , Purnengsih Iis , Rosalinda Herliyana
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang film animasi wayang komik motion berjudul “Perang Baratayudha Hari Ke-12”. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi yaitu pengumpulan data literatur berupa buku-buku, jurnal dan dokumen lainnya. Kemudian melakukan wawancara dengan narasumber yang berkompeten dibidangnya yaitu praktisi wayang bapak RM Donny Surya Megananda pada tanggal 26 Desember 2021. Beliau menjelaskan bahwa Wayang Mahabharata bukan hanya menceritakan tentang peperangan, tapi menceritakan kisah hidup perjalanan manusia, sifat manusia, serta karma yang akan diterima dan cerita wayang Mahabharata bersifat kekal serta sangat dekat dengan kehidupan yang kita alami sekarang.. Hasil yang dicapai dalam penelitian ini sebuah perancangan film animasi yang menceritakan kisah perang Baratayudha pada hari ke 12.
Pengelolaan Dana Zakat dalam Bentuk Beasiswa Pendidikan dengan Syarat Perekrutan Tenaga Kerja Pada Lembaga Amil Zakat (Laz Sukoharjo)
Authors: Malik Zaid Abu , Syafaruddin Muhsan
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study is to review, analyze, find out the mechanism and practice of managing zakat funds that are utilized in the form of educational scholarships (scholarship) with the condition of becoming a workforce or assistance at LAZ Sukoharjo, and knowing the legal basis in terms of the positive aspects of Indonesian law and Islamic law which become basis for implementing the program. The research method used is field research with a qualitative approach, the data presentation is descriptive, the data collection technique is observation, interviews. Based on the results of research in the field, it can be interpreted that the basis for the management of zakat funds used for educational scholarships is Indonesian positive law Law no. 23 of 2011 concerning the management of zakat, and Islamic law QS. At-Taubah (9) 60 which explains about mustahik receiving zakat. Management of zakat funds in the form of educational scholarships (scholarships) by institutions intended for workforce (volunteers) by involving students who provide scholarships with the aim of increasing the space for human resources at LAZ Sukoharjo, increasing relationships, mobilizing, and also increasing the benefits for others.
Dampak Penerapan Nilai Kearifan Lokal Sarapatanguna terhadap Etika Aparatur Sipil Negara pada Pemerintah Kota Baubau
Authors: Asiri La , Gazalin Junaid
Published: January 2023

This study aims to explore the value of local wisdom of Sarapatangunake in the implementation of government, especially in the ethics of public servants.how the impact caused by implementing these values. The type of research used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are Observation, Interview, Documentation and Literature Studies. Techniques Data analysis in research is data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results obtained in the research are to have a positive impact with the value of Sarapatanguna Wisdom (Pomaamasiaka; PopiapiaraPomaemaeya and Poangka-angkataka) are philosophical values embedded in cultural values that are full of meanings in the life of the Buton people that teach the importance of moral values that are applied to the implementation of government mainly in public servicescan foster mental attitudes, good morals so that the implementation of Government Ethics can improve the achievement of organizational performance is reflected in the attitude of government officials, especially in good and correct behavior in accordance with the values of primacy related to the nature, dignity, and dignity, problems of decency and decency reflected in the behavior of officials.
Experiment ended
Authors: Robinson Jonny
Published: January 2023

The Need for Investment in Building Trust in Science
Sneak Peek Bisnis Waralaba
Authors: Azzahri Ellina Fahra
Published: January 2023

Sistem bisnis waralaba saat ini telah diminati oleh masyarakat. Karena jenis bisnis ini sendiri dirasa memiliki risiko minim dengan benefit memilih brand sesuai keinginan namun harga yang terjangkau tanpa melakukan banyak modal untuk riset dan pengembangan. Esai ini meneliti kemungkinan jenis waralaba yang berpotensi sukses sesuai dengan budget masing-masing. Hasilnya, penelitian ini memberikan rincian waralaba yang prospek serta membuktikan alasan pembelian waralaba. Dalam kasus ini, alokasi pengambilan keputusan kepada bisnis dengan pengalaman khusus bisa menjadi pedoman waralaba apa yang lebih disukai.
Resesi 2023 Pengertian, Ciri dan Perencanaan Bisnis
Authors: Indriani Latifa
Published: January 2023

Resesi pada ilmu ekonomi makro resesi atau yang sering disebut dengan kemerosotan, merupakan Produk Domestik Bruto atau GDP menurun ketika pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki nilai negatif selama dua kuartal lebih, atau di dalam satu tahun. Resesi ini juga bisa mengakibatkan menurunya semua kegiatan ekonomi secara simultan, contohnya lapangan kerja, investasi, dan keuntungan perusahaan. Resesi juga akan diasosiasikan dengan menurunnya harga atau deflasi, atau bisa juga kebalikannya. Dengan meningkatnya harga dengan drastis atau inflasi, di dalam sebuah proses yang dinamakan stagflasi.Resesi ekonomi juga akan berjalan dalam waktu yang lama, yang dinamakan dengan depresi ekonomi. Penururan drastis dalam tingkat ekonomi ini seringkali disebabkan oleh depresi yang parah atau hiperinflasi.
The Impact of Decreasing Agricultural Research Funding on Climate Change Mitigation
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: January 2023

The Impact of Decreasing Agricultural Research Funding on Climate Change Mitigation
Strategi serta Peluang Bisnis di saat Resesi 2023
Authors: Nida Rahmatun
Published: January 2023

Resesi yang diperkirakan akan melanda Indonesia pada 2023 patut dicermati apa penyebabnya dan bagaimana cara menghadapinya. Resesi didefinisikan sebagai pertumbuhan ekonomi riil negatif atau yang berarti produk domestik bruto telah menurun selama dua kuartal berturut-turut dari tahun ini. Sehingga para pelaka usaha harus melakukan perencanaan terhadap bisnis di era resesi yang terjadi.
Bisnis Waralaba bagi Pengusaha Baru
Authors: Danadipa Gusti
Published: January 2023

Waralaba atau biasa disebut dengan franchise adalah sebuah kemitraan yang dijalin antara pemilik hak atas merek sebuah produk atau jasa dengan penguna merek. Dalam waralaba tersebut seorang pengguna merek berhak untuk menggunakan merek, produk atau jasa yang dijual, dan juga seluruh sistem dalam bisnis tersebut pada jangka waktu yang telah ditentukan.
Experiment ended
Authors: Evans Isabelle
Published: January 2023

The Cost of Science: Ethical Considerations for Lab Animals
Resesi Tahun 2023, Prediksi Dan Strategi
Authors: wardani dita
Published: January 2023

Ekonomi merupakan salah satu bidang kehidupan yang tidak dapat dilepaskan dari kebutuhan dasar manusia. Sebagai individu yang berkelompok dan melaksanakan interaksi, masyarakat membutuhkan kegiatan ekonomi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasar seperti makan, tempat tinggal dan pakaian. Selain itu dalam dinamika perubahan masyarakat yang terjadi sekarang ini terdapat berbagai kebutuhan yang harus dipenuhi sebagai bentuk dari mensejahterakan diri, baik secara material maupun non material. Sehingga kegiatan ekonomi menjadi sebuah kegiatan wajib yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap individu dalam rangka menjamin kesejahteraan diri sendiri baik itu melalui usaha sendiri maupun bekerja sama dengan orang lain. Sehingga ekonomi dan berbagai kegiatan didalamnya memang memiliki rangkaian pembahasan yang cukup menarik dalam skala lokal, nasional, regional hingga global
Effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions to optimise symptomatic, functional, psychological and quality of life outcomes, and prevent reinjury after knee injury: A systematic review of systematic reviews
Authors: Culvenor Adam , Whittaker Jackie L. , Bricca Alessio , Crossley Kay
Published: January 2023

The objective of this review is to investigate the effectiveness of rehabilitationinterventions to optimise symptomatic, functional, psychosocial and quality of life outcomes, and preventreinjury after ACL and/or meniscal injury.
The Impact of Federal Funding on Scientific Research (v2)
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: January 2023

The Impact of Federal Funding on Scientific Research
Psycho-social factors associated with climate distress, hope and behavioural intentions in young UK residents
Authors: Vercammen Ans , Lawrance Emma , Oswald Tassia
Published: January 2023

In this mixed methods study, which complements an earlier publication (https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00172-3), we delve deeper into the experience of ‘climate distress’ among UK residents aged 16-24 (N=539). We report on data collected from an online survey assessing general mental health, subjective wellbeing, and climate distress using existing psychometric scales. We also included novel questions assessing positive and negative life impacts of climate change, open-ended questions on aspirations and priorities for the future, and engagement in pro-environmental and climate actions. In addition to quantitative results, we analysed free-text responses to two open-ended questions about respondents' hopes for the future, and their experience with climate change and actions in response to it.
Dasar Rintisan Wirausaha Baru melalui Pemaparan Materi Perkuliahan New Venture Creation
Authors: Kalleya Calista
Published: January 2023

Menjalani perkuliahan melalui mata kuliah "New Venture Creation" tidak hanya menuangkan materi sebatas membangun sebuah bisnis baru yang mampu merealisasikan impian diri sendiri. Namun membangun bisnis harus dilandasi oleh permasalahan dengan tingkat urgenitas yang tinggi dan kebutuhannya sangat dinantikan oleh kelompok masyarakat dalam cakupan luas. Menuangkan materi yang diperlihatkan dari sisi awal perintisan bisnis yang mampu menjadi pedoman bagi pengusaha dalam membangun bisnis perdananya. Tidak hanya membangun pondasi bisnis yang kokoh namun juga membentuk tameng yang kuat dari hantaman segala sisi untuk melawan pesaing yang terus berdatangan. Hingga melihat sirkulasi keuangan yang menandakan pertumbuhan bisnis secara signifikan.
Experiment ended
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: January 2023

The Rise of China in the Scientific Arena: Should the US Be Worried?
Mengulas Kisah Sepak Terjang Kelahiran Facebook pada Film "The Social Network"
Authors: Kalleya Calista
Published: January 2023

Sepak terjang Mark Zuckerberg dalam membangun Facebook tidak semudah dan sesingkat layaknya narasi yang dilontarkan pada saat dirinya datang sebagai motivator. Banyak halangan dari segala sisi yang harus dilaluinya sebelum namanya bersinar. Kisah landaian perjuangan Mark Zuckerberg dituangkan dalam Film The Social Network yang bermula pada tahun Oktober 2003 dengan Mark Zuckerberg yang diperankan oleh Jesse Eisenberg merupakan mahasiswa tahun kedua di Universitas Harvard jurusan Psikologi yang telah dicampakkan oleh kekasihnya. Mark Zuckerberg memukul kembali perasaan kesal dalam lubuk hatinya untuk menindaklanjuti kisah pencampakan tersebut. Akan tetapi, keberhasilan Mark Zuckerberg dalam melahirkan aplikasi yang diberi nama "Facebook", tidak mampu mempertahankan senyuman lebar di wajahnya. Semakin Facebook berusaha mengepakkan sayapnya, semakin banyak rintangan yang harus dihadapinya. Keseluruhan film tersebut tidak hanya memberikan pesan dari sisi kegigihan dan optimisme dalam membangun bisnis, namun juga seberapa kuat kita mengayomi seluruh komponen yang ada di dalam bisnis itu.
The Rise of Chinese Science: A Cause for Concern?
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: January 2023

The Rise of Chinese Science: A Cause for Concern?
FILSAFAT HUKUM DALAM PANDANGAN HUKUM ADAT
Authors: SALIM MUHAMAD FIQHAN
Published: January 2023

Filsafat Hukum merupakan refleksi terhadap hukum atau gejala hukum sehingga sebagai refleksi kefilsafatan eksistensinya tidak ditujukan mempersoalkan hukum positif tertentu melainkan merefleksikan hukum pada umumnya. Hubungan dengan hukum adat dapat dilihat bahwa Hukum adat ternyata tidak hanya mengatur mengenai hubunganpribadi atau hubunga keluarga, tetapi juga mencakup pengaturan hubungan yang dalam hukum modern disebut sebagai hukum perdata dan hikum pidana. Bentuk-bentuk masyarakat hukum adat, tentang pribadi, pemerintahan dan peradilan, hukum keluarga, hukum perkawinan, hukum waris, hukum tanah, hukum hutang piutang, hukum delik,sistem sanksi yang tidak dikenal dengan memenjarakan. Di dalam perdamaian adat yang pelaksanaannya selalu didasarkan pada asas kekeluargaan, kedamaian, kerukunan dan rasa keadilan maka para hakim adat bebas menyelesaikan sesuatu kasus adat dengan memperhatikan suasana dan kesadaran masyarakat setempatKajian filsafat terhadap nilai-nilai kearifan lokal masyarakat hukum adat bahwamasyarakat adat dengan berbagai nilai kearifan lokal yang melekat padanya merupakankekayaan bangsa ini yang harus dilestarikan. Tidak hanya sekadar untuk melihatnyasebagai produk kebudayaan semata, tapi kearifan lokal harus menjadi sumber konstruksisistem hukum yang berangkat dari pemahaman filosofis. Bahwa kearifan lokal harusdipandang sebagai sebuah “hukum sebagai perilaku”, bukan semata “hukum sebagai aturan, norma atau asas”. Ditengah modernisasi yang berlangsung saat ini, ilmu hukum yang berkembang hanya menjadi practical science dan belum menjadi qenuine science atau sebenar-benarnya ilmu. Kearifan lokal dapat dipandang sebagai nilai-nilai yangbersifat teologis dan metafisis yang bermuara pada kebenaran yang hakiki. Kajian filsafat tanggung jawab negara terhadap nilai-nilai kearifan lokalmasyarakat hukum adat bahwa negara harus mengubah paradigma yang melihatmasyarakat adat dengan nilai-nilai kearifan lokalnya sebagai simbol keterbelakangan.Sesungguhnya kearifan lokal menyimpan potensi besar yang akan mengubah wajahpenegakan hukum di Indonesia. Negara harus mengadopsi dan menyerap nilai-nilaikebijaksanaan yang terkandung dalam masyarakat adat sebagai landasan sistem hukumnasional kita untuk mencapai keadilan substantif. Eksistensi adat telah ada. Lahir, tumbuh dan berkembang di bumi Indonesiasejak lama. Kemudian dalam bentuk kodefikasi hukum pidana adat setelahkemerdekaan diatur dalam ketentuan Pasal 1 dan Pasal 5 ayat (3) sub b Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Drt tahun 195155 tentang Tindakan-Tindakan Sementara UntukMenyelenggarakan Kesatuan Susunan, Kekuasaan, dan Acara Pengadilan-Pengadilan Sipil. Oleh karena itu, hukum pidana adat secara holistik menjiwaiseluruh lapisan ilmu hukum dalam praktek hukum sehingga eksistensi dari dimensiilmu hukum hukum pidana adat tidak diragukan kapabilitasnya sebagai karakteristikpraktek hukum di Indonesia.
Experiment ended
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: January 2023

The Cost of Science and Ethical Considerations: A Look at "What Happened to All of Science’s Big Breakthroughs"
Experiment ended
Authors: Evans Isabelle
Published: January 2023

The Impact of Reduced Funding for Agricultural Research on Climate Change
Disruptive Corporate Culture Pengertian, Implementasi dan Implikasi
Authors: Irawan Michelia Champaca Salsabila , Sanjaya Angelie Natalia , Sutanto Hendrik
Published: January 2023

Dibalik sebuah perusahaan yang besar dan sukses pasti ada tata kelola baik yang dilakukan, salah satu caranya adalah dengan memiliki budaya perusahaan yang baik dan kuat, sudah dibuktikan dengan riset yang dilakukan oleh James L. Heskett, sebuah budaya yang baik bisa membuat perbedaan sekitar 20-30% dalam performa nya bila dibandingkan dengan sebuah perusahaan yang tidak memiliki budaya perusahaan yang baik. Budaya yang baik juga bisa membantu perusahaan yang kita miliki mencapai persatuan dan pembentukan suatu komunitas yang solid dan juga bisa bersaing lebih baik di tengah persaingan yang sedang terjadi, oleh sebab itu kami akan menjabarkan keenam Corporate Culture yang menurut kami perlu untuk dipahami dan diterapkan dalam suatu perusahaan.
Johns Hopkins the Elder and the Manumission Deed of 1778
Authors: Van Morgan Sydney
Published: January 2023

This essay describes and interprets a deed of manumission recorded by Johns Hopkins the Elder (1720-1784) in 1778. The deed manumitted 42 enslaved people, releasing some immediately and some after further terms of bondage.
Pengaruh retensi karyawan terhadap turnover intention dan kinerja karyawan
Authors: Febriyantoro Mohamad Trio
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh retensi karyawan terhadap turnover intention dan kinerja karyawan. Data dikumpulkan dari karyawan di sebuah perusahaan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis data menggunakan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa retensi karyawan berpengaruh negatif terhadap turnover intention dan positif terhadap kinerja karyawan. Ini menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan harus meningkatkan retensi karyawan untuk mengurangi turnover intention dan meningkatkan kinerja karyawan.
Experiment ended
Authors: Robinson Jonny
Published: January 2023

The Impact of China's Science Output on the US: Challenges and Opportunities
Pemilihan Franchise Indonesia Sesuai Anggaran
Authors: febrian Maulana
Published: January 2023

Franchising adalah Sistem distribusi di mana pemilik bisnis semi-independen (franchi-sees) membayar biaya dan ikatan kerajaan kepada perusahaan induk (franchisor) sebagai imbalan atas hak untuk diidentifikasi dengan merek dagangnya, untuk menjual produk atau layanannya, dan seringkali menggunakan format dan sistem bisnisnya. Perusahaan memilih bisnis waralaba karena banyak manfaat yang bisa didapatkan seperti, perkembangan bisnis yang berkembang relative cepat. Para pembeli waralaba juga mendapatkan beberapa manfaat saat membeli waralaba seperti minim branding, bekerjasama dengan pelaku bisnis yang sudah professional, dan menjadi tempat dalam belajar berbisnis.
Research note: UK Biobank GWASs of adoptive relative's outcomes
Authors: Woolf Benjamin
Published: January 2023

In this document I present information on GWASs of adoptive relative outcomes which were created in the UKB. The GWAS summary statistics are available in the supplement.
PENGARUH BAHASA ANAK AKIBAT FILM KARTUN
Authors: hakimi irfan
Published: January 2023

Pembelajaran bahasa anak dipengaruhi oleh lingkungannya. Film yang mereka tonton juga dapat mempengaruhi bahasa mereka. Hal ini terlihat dari penggunaan kata, frase, dan kalimat dalam film yang meniru dan menggeneralisasikannya dalam percakapan sehari-hari. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada anak usia 4 sampai 6 tahun . Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Pada tahap pengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan metode simak yaitu. H. Mendengarkan bahasa anak yang didapat dari menonton kartun anak. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini berkaitan dengan pembelajaran bahasa anak karena keterbatasan mereka dalam mengolah informasi dalam bentuk bahasa.
A Psychometric Study of a Trait and State Assessment of Sexual Pleasure – The Amsterdam Sexual Pleasure Inventory (ASPI 1.0).
Authors: Borgmann Michèle , Brandner Lucca Michelle , D'Urso E. Damiano , Gonin-Spahni Stefanie , Znoj Hansjörg , Werner Marlene
Published: January 2023

We studied the Amsterdam Sexual Pleasure Inventory’s (ASPI, Vol. 1.0) psychometric properties to present evidence regarding its intended interpretation and use. The ASPI is a theory-based and revised self-report battery which aims to assess different domains of state and trait sexual pleasure in survey-research in gender-diverse, sex-diverse, and relationship-diverse populations. We collected quantitative (n = 1371) and qualitative data (n = 637) using a cross-sectional multi-method design targeting the general (German-speaking) population. The theory-based 5-factor ESEM showed good and the PCA of the two general exploratory index-scales showed acceptable structural validity evidence. Measurement invariance of the 5-factor models was given for male and female (assigned-at-birth) participants and for sexually functional-scoring and dysfunctional-scoring people. Coefficient omega indicated that all scales, except those of one facet, showed acceptable to very good internal consistency reliability. The ASPI’s convergent and discriminant associations with sexological and psychological constructs demonstrated good overall construct validity evidence and the scales showed differential utility in differentiating known-groups. Participants understood the items as intended and felt that the ASPI covers relevant facets of sexual pleasure. The ASPI might help understand how individuals differ in experiencing sexual pleasure and how different contexts enable some people to experience pleasure while disadvantaging others.
A systematic review of the inter-individual differences in avoidance learning
Authors: Wong Alex H K , Aslanidou Asimina , Malbec Marcelo , Pittig Andre , Wieser Matthias J , Andreatta Marta
Published: January 2023

Avoidance is typically adaptive given it prevents threat. However, avoidance becomes pathological when it is executed out of proportion of threat (i.e., excessive or insufficient avoidance), persists in the absence of threat, or excessively generalize to other innocuous situations. Although there has been an increase in research in these different processes of pathological avoidance, the role of inter-individual differences in these avoidance processes receives less research attention, despite of its theoretical and clinical importance. In this systematic review, we summarized the role of inter-individual traits that related to risk or resilient factors for anxiety-related disorders, trauma-and stressor-related disorders, obsessive-compulsive related disorders, pain related disorders, eating-related disorders, and affective disorders. A majority of the inter-individual differences had an apparent mixed or null effect on the different processes of avoidance. We discussed this lack of evidence of inter-individual differences on avoidance due to a lack of methodological and/or analytical consensus in the field, in addition to a lack of integration of recent findings into existing theories. Recommendations for future research are discussed, with a focus on examining the conditions or experimental parameters for certain inter-individual traits to manifest their effects on avoidance, identifying the nuances of inter-individual differences in avoidance, and a call for integrating recent preliminary findings into existing theories.
Polygenic Effects on Individual Rule Breaking, Peer Rule Breaking, and Alcohol Sips across Early Adolescence in the ABCD Study
Authors: Elam Kit , Su Jinni , Aliev Fazil , Trevino Angel , Kutzner Jodi , Seo Dong-Chul
Published: January 2023

Genetic influences can underlie risky and delinquent behavior during adolescence as well as contribute to peer behavior via gene-environment correlations (rGE), which collectively increases risk for alcohol use. However, little research has examined this in early adolescence and even fewer studies exist in large diverse racial/ethnic populations. Data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study at age 11-12 (Mage=11.55; range 10-14) and age 12-13 (Mage=12.42; range 11-14) were used to examine a cross-time cross-lagged model in which polygenic scores for risky behavior were considered predictors of individual rule breaking, peer rule breaking, and alcohol sips. This was examined separately in European American (n=5113; 47% female), African American (n=1159; 50% female), and Hispanic (n=1624; 48% female) subgroups accounting for age, gender, site, income, and genetic principal components. In European Americans, polygenic scores were associated with individual and peer rule breaking at both ages. Individual and peer rule breaking were associated with one another within and across time. In African American and Hispanic subgroups, polygenic scores were associated with individual rule breaking at age 11-12. Individual and peer rule breaking were associated at age 11-12 in both subgroups and age 12-13 in the Hispanic subgroup. In all subgroups, peer rule breaking at 12-13 was associated with alcohol sips at 12-13. Results indicate that individual and peer rule breaking can influence one another within and across time with rGE likely implicated in European Americans. As a result, peer rule breaking can contribute to alcohol sips in early adolescence.
Measurement Bias in Caregiver-Report of Early Childhood Behavior Problems across Demographic Factors in an ECHO-wide Diverse Sample
Authors: Zheng Shuting , Mansolf Maxwell Armand , McGrath Monica , Churchill Marie L. , Bekelman Traci A. , Brennan Patricia A. , Margolis Amy E. , Nozadi Sara S. , Bastain Theresa M. , Elliott Amy J. , LeWinn Kaja Z. , Hofheimer Julie A , Leve Leslie D. , Rennie Brandon , Zimmerman Emily , Marable Carmen A. , McEvoy Cindy T. , Liu Chang , Sullivan Alexis , Woodruff Tracey , Ghosh Samiran , Leventhal Bennett , Ferrara Assiamira , Lewis Johnnye , Bishop Somer
Published: January 2023

BackgroundResearch and clinical practice rely heavily on caregiver-report measures, such as the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5–5 (CBCL/1.5-5), to gather information about early childhood behavior problems and to screen for child psychopathology. While studies have shown that demographic variables influence caregiver ratings of behavior problems, the extent to which the CBCL/1.5-5 functions equivalently at the item level across diverse samples is unknown.MethodsItem-level data of CBCL/1.5-5 from a large sample of young children (N = 9087) were drawn from 26 cohorts in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes program. Factor analyses and the alignment method were applied to examine measurement invariance (MI) and differential item functioning (DIF) across child (age, sex, bilingual status, and neurodevelopmental disorders), and caregiver (sex, education level, household income level, depression, and language version administered) characteristics. Child race was examined in sensitivity analyses.ResultsItems with the most impactful DIF across child and caregiver groupings were identified for Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total Problems. The robust item sets, excluding the high DIF items, showed good reliability and high correlation with the original Internalizing and Total Problems scales, with lower reliability for Externalizing. Language version of CBCL administration, education level and sex of the caregiver respondent showed the most significant impact on MI, followed by child age. Sensitivity analyses revealed that child race has a unique impact on DIF over and above socioeconomic status.ConclusionsThe CBCL/1.5-5, a caregiver-report measure of early childhood behavior problems, showed bias across demographic groups. Robust item sets with less DIF can measure Internalizing and Total Problems equally as well as the full item sets, with slightly lower reliability for Externalizing, and can be crosswalked to the metric of the full item set, enabling calculation of normed T scores based on more robust item sets.
Why should we study the Foreign Language Effect: debiasing through affecting metacognition?
Authors: Bialek Michal
Published: January 2023

Debiasing is a method of improving people’s decisions by reducing their reliance on salient intuitions causing them to behave suboptimal or, biased. However, many of the known debiasing techniques have limited effectiveness or can only remedy a one-shot decision, rather than having a lasting impact. In this work, I focus on the role of metacognition in debiasing decision-making and discuss how it can be better understood through the lens of the foreign language effect. The foreign lan-guage effect suggests that using a foreign language can sometimes benefit people’s decision-making without providing them with additional information or instructions regarding the task However, we do not fully understand how the foreign language effect works and its limitations. I conclude by urging scientists to research this effect with the hope of having a lasting positive impact on society.
Preferred level of vehicle automation: How technology adoption, knowledge and personality affect vehicle preference in Turkey and Sweden
Authors: Ozturk Ibrahim , Warner Henriette Wallén , Özkan Türker
Published: January 2023

Vehicle automation with new advancements is now a key component of the future of road safety. Users’ acceptance of automated vehicles is subject to varying impacts of human factors. Personality, as well as technology adoption and previous knowledge about the systems, have been crucial determinants of people’s attitudes toward new technologies. Concerning these, the present study examined the impact of technology adoption, knowledge of vehicle automation and personality on the preferred level of vehicle automation in Turkey and Sweden. The study was conducted with 297 drivers from Turkey (age: M = 22.47, SD = 2.83) and 332 drivers from Sweden (age: M = 30.06, SD = 10.48). Participants completed a questionnaire package including technology adoption, knowledge and preference of vehicle automation questions, and the Basic Personality Traits Inventory (BPTI). A series of ANOVA and mediation analyses were conducted to test proposed relations. High technology adoption was associated with preferring higher levels of automation. Drivers from Turkey and drivers with previous knowledge of high or full automation preferred higher levels of automation in the two countries. High extraversion and openness to change were associated with high technology adoption, leading to preferring vehicles with higher levels of automation. All in all, the results indicated that drivers’ knowledge of the automated vehicle systems and general traits, such as personality and technology adoption, have a role in vehicle preference. The results are thought to shed light upon a better understanding of automated vehicle preferences of users by contributing to the literature.
Recognition memory decisions made with short- and long-term retrieval
Authors: Lai Shuchun Lea , Shiffrin Rich , Cao Rui
Published: January 2023

The present research explores the way retrieval from both short- and long-term memory is used to make recognition decisions about the contents of short-term memory. Pictures are presented in a short list followed by a test picture, either a target or foil. The research contrasts four paradigms: VM: target and foil responses to a given stimulus change from trial to trial; CM: the responses do not change from trial to trial; AN: every trial uses new stimuli; MIXED: combinations of VM, CN, and AN occur on each trial. These conditions vary the way long-term memory (traces from prior trials) affect current trial recognition decisions. A new paradigm is used in which a given picture is equally often presented and tested in both VM and CM. A model is presented that shows the way short- and long-term retrieval work together to produce the observed accuracy and response time performance. The model is used to predict published data from a traditional paradigm (Nosofsky et al., 2021) and the new data. It predicts quite well the accuracy and response time results from 376 conditions, while holding almost all parameter values constant across groups and conditions, lending support to its assumed processes.
Paragons of Character – Character Strengths and Well-Being of Moral, Creative, and Religious Exemplars
Authors: Gander Fabian , Wagner Lisa , Vylobkova Valentina , Kretzschmar André , Ruch Willibald
Published: January 2023

Which traits best describe individuals who are recognized as exemplary in different domains? And can self-rated positively valued personality traits distinguish such individuals from the general population? In the present study, we examined 204 outstanding individuals – exemplars who received or were nominated for a public award recognizing their exemplary behavior (e.g., a Carnegie Rescuers Award; n = 119), individuals holding a patent (n = 62), and individuals living in a religious order (n = 23). We compared these exemplars to comparison samples matched based on demographic variables. All participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing character strengths and well-being (e.g., satisfaction with life). Results showed that the three groups of exemplars differed meaningfully in their character strengths from the matched comparison groups and in their well-being from the norm data. Compared to matched comparisons, moral exemplars scored higher on the strengths related to the virtues of courage, humanity, and justice as well as the character strength of humility, creative exemplars scored higher on the character strengths of creativity, and religious exemplars scored higher on gratitude and spirituality. Overall, our findings suggest that character strengths are a useful framework for studying exemplary behavior.
The Self Online: When Meaning-Making Is Outsourced to the Cyber Audience
Authors: Wang Qi , Khuu Angel , Jivotovski Miryam
Published: January 2023

This study examines the cyber audience’s perception of social media users’ persona based on their online posts. Participants (N=158) answered questions about their personal characteristics and provided their 20 most recent Facebook status updates. Two groups of viewers, who viewed either the text-only or multimedia version of the status updates, answered questions about the Facebook users’ personal characteristics. The viewers’ perceptions of Facebook users deviated from the users’ self-perceptions. Multimedia viewers were more accurate than text viewers, although the latter showed greater consensus. Gender and ethnic differences also emerged in online person perceptions. These findings shed critical light on the dynamic interplay between social media users and the cyber audience in the construction of a digitally extended self.
Behavioral Self-Regulation Development in At-Risk Families: The Role of Family Resources
Authors: Rodcharoen Patsawee , Neuhauser Alex , Kalkusch Isabelle , Schaub Simone , Lanfranchi Andrea , Klaver Peter , Oeri Niamh
Published: January 2023

Children from disadvantaged families are at greater risk of developing regulation difficulties. Research suggests that family-level resources such as parental education or income are related to self-regulation development. However, most studies looking at the role of family resources have used single estimators of socioeconomic status or applied a composite score, neglecting that an interplay of resources may affect self-regulation outcomes. In N = 248 at-risk children (Mage: 65.7 months, 51% female), we examined the effect of economic, cultural, and social family resources on behavioral self-regulation in kindergarten. Results showed that family income, maternal education, and available help in child-rearing predicted the Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders task performance. The results indicate that behavioral self-regulation is associated with different family resources beyond socioeconomic status.
Motor learning without physical practice: The effects of combined action observation and motor imagery practice on cup-stacking speed
Authors: Binks Jack , Wilson Christopher James , van Schaik Paul , Eaves Daniel
Published: January 2023

In this study we explored training effects for combined action observation and motor imagery (AO+MI) instructions on a complex cup-stacking task, without physical practice. Using a Graeco-Latin Square design, we randomly assigned twenty-six participants into four groups. This counterbalanced the within-participant factor of practice condition (AO+MI, AO, MI, Control) across four cup-stacking tasks, which varied in their complexity. On each of the three consecutive practice days participants experienced twenty trials under each of the three mental practice conditions. On each trial, a first-person perspective video depicted bilateral cup-stacking performed by an experienced model. During AO, participants passively observed this action, responding only to occasional colour cues. For AO+MI, participants imagined performing the observed action and synchronised their concurrent MI with the display. For MI, a sequence of pictures cued imagery of each stage of the task. Analyses revealed a significant main effect of practice condition both at the ’surprise’ post-test (Day 3) and at the one-week retention test. At both time points movement execution times were significantly shorter for AO+MI compared with AO, MI and the Control. Execution times were also shorter overall at the retention compared with the post-test. These results demonstrate that a complex novel motor task can be acquired without physical training. Practitioners can therefore use AO+MI practice to supplement physical practice and optimise skill learning.
Learned associations serve as target proxies during difficult but not easy visual search
Authors: Zhou Zhiheng , Geng Joy
Published: January 2023

The target template contains information in memory that is used to guide attention during visual search. The target template is typically thought of as containing features of the actual target object. However, when targets are hard to find, it is advantageous to use other information in the visual environment that is predictive of the target’s location to help guide attention. The purpose of these studies was to test if newly learned associations between face and scene category images lead observers to use scene information as a proxy for the face target. Our results found that scene information was used as a proxy for the target to guide attention but only when the target face was difficult to discriminate from the distractor face; when the faces were easy to distinguish, attention was no longer guided by the scene proxy. The results suggest that attention is flexibly guided by both target features as well as features of objects that are predictive of the target location. The degree to which each contributes to guiding attention depends on the efficiency with which that information can be used to decode the location of the target. The results contribute to the view that attentional guidance is highly flexible in its use of information to rapidly locate the target.
Policing Neighborhood Boundaries and the Racialized Social Control of Spaces
Authors: Neil Roland , Legewie Joscha
Published: January 2023

Despite longstanding interest in the policing of neighborhood racial boundaries, this topic has not received sustained theoretical or empirical attention. Synthesizing and extending theories as to why racial boundaries influence police behavior, this paper advances a model of the racialized social control of spaces that predicts a higher level of police stops and lower standards of suspicion at neighborhood racial boundaries, independent of crime rates. Integrating data from New York City’s Stop, Question, and Frisk program from 2008-2012 with extensive neighborhood measures, our analyses reveal that white neighborhoods along boundaries experienced substantially elevated levels of police stops even after conditioning on a wide array of potential confounders. This rela-tionship is partially mediated by elevated crime along racial boundaries. Still, a sizeable direct effect persists, indicative of the racialized social control of spaces. Further, the police tend to require less suspicion before deciding to conduct stops in white neighborhoods along racial boundaries, but only for Black and Hispanic suspects. Implications for the study of race and policing, urban and racial inequality, and the sociology of law are discussed.
The effects of parental union dissolution on children’s test scores
Authors: Holm Mathilde Lund , Fallesen Peter , Heinesen Eskil
Published: January 2023

This study provides evidence on the immediate and long-term effects of parental separation and union dissolution on children’s test scores. We use administrative full population data on parents moving out of the joint home and national school-administered low-stakes test. First, a staggered event-study design finds long-term negative effects on test scores with indications of a dynamic effect increasing by time since separation. Results hold when applying recent innovation in difference-in-differences methods. Further, the decline in test scores originates from the middle of the skill distribution. Second, we demonstrate plausible indications of an immediate negative effect of parental separation on children’s test scores using a regression discontinuity design, with the difference in time between test date and parental separation as the running variable.
Spatial overlap: Trade-offs in Refugees’ Residential Choices
Authors: Wiedner Jonas , Schaeffer Merlin
Published: January 2023

Social science research gives rise to what we call the ‘refugee mobility puzzle’: While restrictions on the freedom of residence limit refugees’ socio-economic integration, those who do not face such restrictions often move to areas with high unemployment that similarly hinder their labor market prospects. This study addresses a central element of this puzzle: What draws refugees to high unemployment areas? We propose the spatial overlap hypothesis arguing that refugees in comparatively generous reception systems initially prioritize or are forced to prioritize non-labor-market resources such as affordable housing and proximity to social networks. Thereby they often settle in areas with general economic disadvantage as such areas frequently overlap with said resources. Based on the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees this study tracks residential histories of more than 2,400 refugee respondents across all German counties and postcodes. Discrete choice models show that preferences for cities, lack of affordable housing, the presence of small, service-oriented companies, and co-ethnic communities explain refugees’ gravitation to disadvantaged areas. These results support the spatial overlap hypothesis and suggest that recently approved refugees face trade-offs: area characteristics that are initially attractive tend to spatially overlap with such that likely inhibit longer-term integration prospects.
Curricular Goals and 21st-century Competency in Mathematics Education in Master’s Degree Program
Authors: Luitel Sarala
Published: January 2023

The rapidly changing innovation in information and communication technology (ICT), digitalization and globalization has created unprecedented challenges and opportunities for education and educating practices globally. The higher education institutions now need to reform their curricula and the educating practices to promote employability skills to open door for every graduate to engage in the globally networked employment platform. With this background, this study focused on analyzing the professional courses of Mathematics Education at master level in reference to behavioral objectives and directed activities by curriculum. Among the professional courses, this qualitative document-based study is based on the purposively selected two courses; Math Ed 515 and Math Ed 535, as they largely represent the curricular goals of Mathematics Education. The data were analyzed based on theoretical understanding and conceptual framework. This study found, based on objectives and instructional activities, that the course Math Ed 515 focused on knowledge transmission rather than development of 21st century competencies. However, another course Math Ed 535 focused more on skill development along with knowledge transmission. These findings imply that courses in Mathematics Education program at the Master level at the selected university require reforms towards incorporating the 21st century competencies to enable the graduates to compete in the global marketplace.
On Certain Linear Structure of Orlicz Space c0 (M, (X, ||.||), ā, ᾱ) of Vector Valued Difference Sequence
Authors: Ghimire Jhabi Lal , Pahari Narayan Prasad
Published: January 2023

In this article, we introduce and study a new class c0 (M, (X, ||.||), ā, ᾱ) of normed space (X, ||.||) valued difference sequences with the help of Orlicz function M . This is a generalization of the classical sequence space c0. Our primary interest is to explore some linear structures and investigate the conditions relating to the containment relation of the class c0 (M, (X, ||.||), ā, ᾱ) in terms of different ā and ᾱ.
An Upper Bound in a Law of the Iterated Logarithm for Rademacher Function
Authors: Ghimire Santosh
Published: January 2023

N. Kolmogorov introduced a law of the iterated logarithm, abbreviated LIL, in the case of independent random variables. Over the years, an analog of his result has been introduced in various contexts of analysis. Here, we introduce a similar LIL in the context of sums of Rademacher functions.