bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unifocal Tubercular Osteomyelitis of Ulna Diaphysis in a Child: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,, Ulhaque Furquan , Rahman Syed Hifzur ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya Shatabdi Centenary Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,, Rai Abhishek Kumar ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,, Hadole Bhushan Sunil ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Topiwala National Medical College and BYL Nair hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Meghashyama K S ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,, Kumar K G Geekesh ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Osteoarticular tuberculosis (OATB) contributes to around 10% of extrapulmonary tuberculosis of which the spine is the most common site. Isolated involvement of ulna diaphysis is extremely rare. We present a case of unifocal tuberculous osteomyelitis of ulna diaphysis in a 3 -year-old male child and highlight its resemblance with musculoskeletal tumors and stress the importance of GeneXpert mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)/resistance to rifampicin (RIF) in the diagnosis of OATB. Case Report: A mother of a 2-year-old male child incidentally noticed that her son complained of left forearm pain. She was not sure of any fall or trauma to the forearm. No history of fever or other constitutional symptoms was present. Clinical examination was uneventful except for local tenderness in over the dorsomedial aspect of the left mid forearm. A plain radiograph revealed an oval solitary lytic lesion over distal one-third ulna diaphysis. A needle biopsy was done after clinical, hematological, and radiological evaluation, and finally, GeneXpert detected tuberculosis without RIF. No further tests were required and the child was started on antitubercular therapy (ATT) which resulted in complete healing without any symptoms. Conclusion: The authors conclude that it is therefore essential to consider tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis while evaluating a lytic bone lesion. Where possible, all patients should have a biopsy of the lesion and provide a specimen for GeneXpert MTB/RIF to confirm the diagnosis and drug susceptibility testing. Keywords: Osteoarticular tuberculosis, ulna, diaphysis, child, lytic bone lesion, GeneXpert mycobacterium tuberculosis/resistance to rifampicin, ATT.
The “Balloon Dip”: Insights into a Post-operative Trend in Patients Undergoing Subacromial Balloon Procedure
Authors:   Division of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Rothman Orthopedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA., Fares Mohamad Y , Koa Jonathan ,   Division of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Rothman Orthopedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA., Singh Jaspal ,   Division of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Rothman Orthopedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA., Abboud Joseph A ,   Division of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Rothman Orthopedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The subacromial balloon is a novel therapeutic device that is used in patients with massive irreparable rotator cuff tears (MIRCTs). The novelty of this device implies that there is still a lot to be known about its mechanism of action and rehabilitation trends. One rehabilitation trend that has been noticed is the “balloon dip”, where a patient exhibits exacerbations in pain and function around 3 months following balloon implantation and after having experienced earlier symptomatic relief post-operative. We discuss the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of the patient’s management while providing additional insight into this prognostic trend. Case Report: In this report, we present the case of a 65-year-old male patient who underwent a subacromial balloon procedure for a MIRCT. During his recovery, the patient exhibited a classic “balloon dip” evident by an exacerbation of pain and function around the 3-month mark. After a notable deterioration in pain and function, the patient was examined, reassured, and educated on the importance of adhering to physical therapy. He was able to successfully recover and showed gradual improvement in pain and function along the course of the year. Conclusion: The “balloon dip” is a rehabilitation pattern that occurs 3–6 months following subacromial balloon spacer implantation. In the majority of cases, careful clinical assessment, watchful monitoring, and education on the importance of following up with physical therapy are sufficient to overcome the dip. Keywords: Subacromial balloon, balloon dip, deflation, shoulder, balloon resorption.
Liberal Tolerance for an Intolerant Age
Authors: Brennan Jason
Published: March 2024

Abstract: In agreement with Bryan Garsten's notion of liberalism as "refuge," liberal societies are distinct in their toleration of badness. They give people the permission and even the right to do wrong. Tolerance, however, does not apply to that to which we are indifferent or to that which we approve of. True tolerance involves the refusal to police bad or defective behaviors, and it therefore makes liberal political movements inherently fragile. Even so, tolerance and "refuge" are essential because people, especially the powerful, cannot be trusted to police the right people, on the right occasions, with the right force.
A Century of Teaching with Pennsylvania's Historic Places
Authors: Bruggeman Seth C.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: During the early twentieth century, amid growing interest in the pedagogical significance of heritage landscapes, Pennsylvanians took a leading role in demonstrating the value of teaching with historic places. A forward-looking Pennsylvania Historical Commission (the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission since 1945) and significant investments by the federally sponsored Works Progress Administration paved the way. This essay reflects on that history toward assessing the role of historic places in education today. It suggests that historic places offer important lessons beyond what they reveal about how Americans lived in the past. Most significantly, we gain new insight into Pennsylvania history by interrogating the reasons why historic sites are preserved and how their management changes over time. Several examples illustrate how challenging students with nuanced considerations of historic places encourages all of us to be mindful of persistent threats to Pennsylvania's public historical resources.
Thomas Aquinas: Master of Priestly Human Formation
Authors: Perez-Lopez Angel
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This paper claims that Aquinas is a master of priestly human formation because he excels in fulfilling the Magisterium's requirements of a human formation that is pedagogical, integral, theological, and Christocentric. The reality signified by the expression "priestly human formation" can be found in the Magisterium from Pius IX to the present. The Church implicitly characterizes this dimension of formation as pedagogical, integral, theological, and Christocentric. The Angelic Doctor is a master who offers the theological and philosophical tools to develop a priestly human formation with these same characteristics.
Quantifying image quality in AOSLO images of photoreceptors
Authors: Brennan Brea D. , Heitkotter Heather , Carroll Joseph , Tarima Sergey , Cooper Robert F.
Published: March 2024

The use of “quality” to describe the usefulness of an image is ubiquitous but is often subject to domain specific constraints. Despite its continued use as an imaging modality, adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) lacks a dedicated metric for quantifying the quality of an image of photoreceptors. Here, we present an approach to evaluating image quality that extracts an estimate of the signal to noise ratio. We evaluated its performance in 528 images of photoreceptors from two AOSLOs, two modalities, and healthy or diseased retinas. The algorithm was compared to expert graders’ ratings of the images and previously published image quality metrics. We found no significant difference in the SNR and grades across all conditions. The SNR and the grades of the images were moderately correlated. Overall, this algorithm provides an objective measure of image quality that closely relates to expert assessments of quality in both confocal and split-detector AOSLO images of photoreceptors.
Mechanical stability of polarization signatures in biological tissue characterization
Authors: Chen Yongtai , Chu Jinkui , Xin Benda , Qi Ji
Published: March 2024

Mueller matrix imaging polarimetry (MMIP) is a promising technique for investigating structural abnormalities in pathological diagnosis. The characterization stability of polarization signatures, described by Mueller matrix parameters (MMPs), correlates with the mechanical state of the biological medium. In this study, we developed an MMIP system capable of applying quantitative forces to samples and measuring the resulting polarization signatures. Mechanical stretching experiments were conducted on a mimicking phantom and a tissue sample at different force scales. We analyzed the textural features and data distribution of MMP images and evaluated the force effect on the characterization of MMPs using the structural similarity index. The results demonstrate that changes in the mechanical microenvironment (CMM) can cause textural fluctuations in MMP images, interfering with the stability of polarization signatures. Specifically, parameters of anisotropic orientation, retardance, and optical rotation are the most sensitive to CMM, inducing a dramatic change in the overall image texture, while other parameters (e.g., polarization, diattenuation, and depolarization) exhibit locality in their response to CMM. For some MMPs, CMM can enhance regional textural contrasts. This study elucidates the mechanical stability of polarization signatures in biological tissue characterization and provides a valuable reference for further research toward minimizing CMM influence.
Monolithic deformable mirror based on lithium niobate single crystal for high-resolution X-ray adaptive microscopy
Authors: Inoue Takato , Nakabayashi Sota , Uematsu Kota , Tanaka Yuto , Nakamori Hiroki , Kohmura Yoshiki , Yabashi Makina , Matsuyama Satoshi
Published: March 2024

X-ray microscopy is very promising not only for nondestructive and high-spatial-resolution observation of the internal structure of a sample but also for elemental distribution and chemical state analysis. However, the spatial resolution of microscopes remains unsatisfactory owing to the fabrication error in the objective lens. To realize an ultra-high-resolution, we propose and develop a monolithic deformable mirror based on a lithium niobite single crystal and a novel adaptive imaging system based on it. An X-ray interferometer confirmed that shape modification is possible with an accuracy of 0.67 nm in peak to valley under high stability (0.17 nm over 7 h) and hysteresis-free deformation control. Introducing this adaptive mirror into an X-ray microscope based on advanced Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror optics and correcting the wavefront aberration demonstrated that the X-ray image quality could be significantly improved.
Spatio-temporal patterns of whiting (Merlangius merlangus) in the Adriatic Sea under environmental forcing
Authors: Asciutto Emanuele , Maioli Federico , Manfredi Chiara , Anibaldi Alessandra , Cimini Jacopo , Isailović Igor , Marčeta Bojan , Casini Michele
Published: March 2024

Understanding how environmental factors affect species distribution is crucial for the conservation and management of marine organisms, especially in the face of global changes. Whiting (Merlangius merlangus) is a demersal cold-temperate fish, considered a ‘relict species’ in the Adriatic Sea. Despite its significance to commercial fisheries in the region, the specific drivers behind its spatial and temporal patterns have not been thoroughly examined. Here, we fitted a set of Generalized Linear Mixed Effects Models to data collected in the Northern and Central Adriatic from 1999 to 2019 during the Mediterranean International Trawl Survey to investigate the potential influence of depth, seafloor temperature and seafloor dissolved oxygen on the annual biomass density and spatial distribution of whiting in the spring-summer season. Our results showed that depth, and to a lesser degree temperature and oxygen, are important predictors of whiting distribution in this period, with preferences for depths of ~ 45 m, temperature of ~ 15.4°C and dissolved oxygen > 5.5 ml L-1. We predicted a persistent core area of distribution in front of the Po River Delta, in the Northern Adriatic Sea, while the density progressively declined towards the Central and Southern Adriatic Sea along the Italian coast. Additionally, the temporal trend exhibited high fluctuations over the years, occurring in cycles of 3 to 4 years. Finally, by comparing the biomass density estimates obtained under optimal conditions with those derived from the actual values for each variable, our analysis revealed that temperature had a pronounced and general impact on biomass density in the northern survey area (predictions revealed a density reduction of approximately two-thirds), while oxygen displayed a minor and more localized influence. This work deepens the current knowledge about the ecology of whiting in the Adriatic Sea and provides support for the conservation and management of this species.
Aetiological agents of pneumonia among HIV and non-HIV infected children in Ghana: A case-control study
Authors: Owusu Michael , Adu Eric , Kalu Lotenna Elsie , Martey Eugene , Acheampong Godfred , Enimil Anthony , Appiah John Adabie , Badu-Peprah Augustina , Sylverken Justice , Sylverken Augustina Angelina , Nguah Samuel Blay , Westeel Emilie , Pouzol Stephane , Drosten Christian , Adu-Sarkodie Yaw
Published: March 2024

Pneumonia is the leading cause of death in children, however, the microbial aetiology of pneumonia is not well elucidated in low- and middle-income countries. Our study was aimed at determining the microbial aetiologies of childhood pneumonia and associated risk factors in HIV and non-HIV infected children. We conducted a case-control study that enrolled children with pneumonia as cases and non-pneumonia as controls from July 2017 to May 2020. Induced sputum and blood samples were investigated for microbial organisms using standard microbiological techniques. DNA/RNA was extracted from sputum samples and tested for viral and bacterial agents. Four hundred and four (404) subjects consisting of 231 (57.2%) cases and 173 (42.8%) controls were enrolled. We identified a significant (p = 0.011) proportion of viruses in cases (125; 54.1%, 95%CI: 47.4–60.7) than controls (71; 33.6%, 95%CI: 33.6–48.8) and these were mostly contributed to by Respiratory Syncytial Virus.Staphylococcus aureus(16; 4.0%),Klebsiellaspp. (15, 3.7%) andStreptococcus pneumoniae(8, 2.0%) were the main bacterial agents identified in sputum or induced sputum samples. HIV infected children with viral-bacterial co-detection were found to have very severe pneumonia compared to those with only viral or bacterial infection. Indoor cooking (OR = 2.36; 95%CI:1.41–3.96) was found to be associated with pneumonia risk in patients. This study demonstrates the importance of various microbial pathogens, particularly RSV, in contributing to pneumonia in HIV and non-HIV paediatric populations. There is a need to accelerate clinical trials of RSV vaccines in African populations to support improvement of patient care.
Synthesis, molecular docking analysis, molecular dynamic simulation, ADMET, DFT, and drug likeness studies: Novel Indeno[1,2-b]pyrrol-4(1H)-one as SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors
Authors: Gheidari Davood , Mehrdad Morteza , Bayat Mohammad
Published: March 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic began in 2019 as a result of the advent of a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. At present, there are a limited number of approved antiviral agents for the treatment of COVID-19. Remdesivir, Molnupiravir, and Paxlovid have been approved by the FDA to treat COVID-19 infections. Research has shown that the main protease enzyme (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 plays a crucial role in the enzymatic processing of viral polyproteins. This makes Mpro an interesting therapeutic target for combating infections caused by emerging coronaviruses.

Methods

The pharmacological effects of pyrroles and their derivatives have a wide range of applications. In our study, we focused on synthesizing nine novel derivatives of 2-arylamino-dihydro-indeno[1,2-b] pyrrol-4(1H)-one, with a particular emphasis on their antiviral properties. Using in silico studies involving molecular docking and DFT analyses in the gas phase using the B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) basis set, we studied these compounds with respect to their interactions with the Mpro of SARS-CoV-2. The results of the docking analysis revealed that the synthesized compounds exhibited favorable inhibitory effects. Notably, compound 5f demonstrated the highest effectiveness against the target protein. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic and drug-like properties of the synthesized derivatives of 2-arylamino-dihydroindeno[1,2-b] pyrrol-4(1H)-one indicated their potential as promising candidates for further development as inhibitors targeting SARS-CoV-2. However, it is imperative to determine the in vitro efficacy of these compounds through comprehensive biochemical and structural analyses.
Exploring the potential of bis(thiazol-5-yl)phenylmethane derivatives as novel candidates against genetically defined multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kavaliauskas Povilas , Acevedo Waldo , Garcia Andrew , Naing Ethan , Grybaite Birute , Sapijanskaite-Banevic Birute , Grigaleviciute Ramune , Petraitiene Ruta , Mickevicius Vytautas , Petraitis Vidmantas
Published: March 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents an alarming global challenge to public health. Infections caused by multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) pose an emerging global threat. Therefore, it is crucial to develop novel compounds with promising antimicrobial activity against S. aureus especially those with challenging resistance mechanisms and biofilm formation. Series of bis(thiazol-5-yl)phenylmethane derivatives were evaluated against drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. The screening revealed an S. aureus-selective mechanism of bis(thiazol-5-yl)phenylmethane derivatives (MIC 2–64 μg/mL), while significantly lower activity was observed with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (MIC 64 μg/mL) (p<0.05). The most active phenylmethane-based (p-tolyl) derivative, 23a, containing nitro and dimethylamine substituents, and the naphthalene-based derivative, 28b, harboring fluorine and nitro substituents, exhibited strong, near MIC bactericidal activity against S. aureus with genetically defined resistance phenotypes such as MSSA, MRSA, and VRSA and their biofilms. The in silico modeling revealed that most promising compounds 23a and 28b were predicted to bind S. aureus MurC ligase. The 23a and 28b formed bonds with MurC residues at binding site, specifically Ser12 and Arg375, indicating consequential interactions essential for complex stability. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of compound 28b was not affected by the addition of 50% serum. Finally, all tested bis(thiazol-5-yl)phenylmethane derivatives showed favorable cytotoxicity profiles in A549 and THP-1-derived macrophage models. These results demonstrated that bis(thiazol-5-yl)phenylmethane derivatives 23a and 28b could be potentially explored as scaffolds for the development of novel candidates targeting drug-resistant S. aureus. Further studies are also warranted to understand in vivo safety, efficacy, and pharmacological bioavailability of bis(thiazol-5-yl)phenylmethane derivatives.
Predictors of the return to work for pregnant employees on preventive leave: Patients from an occupational medicine consultation in Switzerland
Authors: Moschetti Karine , Brunner Loïc , Abderhalden-Zellweger Alessia , Probst Isabelle , Renteria Saira-Christine , Vonlanthen Julien , Krief Peggy
Published: March 2024

According to the Swiss legislation on maternity protection in the workplace (OProMa), if pregnant workers are exposed to occupational hazards and no protective measures are taken, a gynecologist will prescribe a certificate of preventive leave and the women must stop working. Returning to work is only possible if job adjustments are made. This study aims to evaluate the burden of absences on companies and to examine the predictors of the return to work for pregnant workers on preventive leave, by examining both the probability of return to work and the time required to return to work. The study sample includes data on 258 workplaces of pregnant workers on preventive leave, collected during an occupational medicine consultation aimed at supporting the implementation of the OProMa. Information is available on the worker (age, date of consultation), the hazards to which she is exposed, the company’s knowledge of the OProMa and whether a risk analysis exists. Descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis are carried out. In 58% of the workplaces, it was not possible to return to work before the end of the pregnancy. This corresponds to an average absence of 4.5 months. In 42% of the workplaces, a return to work was possible thanks to workplace adaptations. A conforming risk analysis and a full knowledge of the OProMa for companies, and an early visit to the occupational medicine consultation for workers are good predictors of the likelihood of returning to work. Younger age and exposure to certain types of risks are factors that influence the duration of preventive leave. The implementation of OProMa in Switzerland poses serious challenges, but early identification of occupational hazards and practices that anticipate compliance with the law in the company increase the return to work in safety for pregnant workers.
A high-intensity low-frequency acoustic generator based on the Helmholtz resonator and airflow modulator
Authors: Zhang Baoguo , Dong Mingrong , He Bin , Fang Houlin , Ruan Haozhong , Zhang Min , Liang Xubin , Zhang Fang , Sun Deyu
Published: March 2024

The high-intensity low-frequency acoustic sources have essential applications in acoustic biological effects research, airport bird repelling, and boiler ash removal. However, generating high-intensity low-frequency acoustic waves in open space is difficult. In this paper, a low-frequency acoustic generator with a resonant cavity used to enhance the acoustic intensity in open space was developed, which is an aerodynamic acoustic generator to radiates a high-intensity acoustic wave of 52Hz. Some experiments were carried out to measure this generator’s internal flow field and radiated acoustic field characteristics, including the propagation characteristics at 100m. The experimental results show that the resonant enhancement effect is presented near the predetermined resonance frequency, and the enhanced value is about 4dB. The acoustic intensity for 52Hz at 1m position is 124dB. By combining the Helmholtz resonator with the airflow modulator, the airflow resonance in the resonator enhances the air pressure pulsation inside the chamber and increases the disturbance of acoustic radiation to the air. So as to improve the sound intensity and radiation efficiency in the low-frequency range.
In Custody: From written text to audio-visual discourse through a postcolonial lens
Authors: Valdés Cristina
Published: March 2024

Comparing the novel In Custody, written by , and the film adaptation In Custody (1993), directed by Ismail Merchant, provides an interesting opportunity to examine how literary texts are transformed into audio-visual works, through different discursive techniques. A written text is taken from the page to live on a screen, and thus focusing on the main content the literary author created becomes a challenge for screenwriters, filmmakers and translators. In the case of In Custody, the inclusion of English subtitles in the film allows for its internationalization while respecting the language of the novel. This approach enables audiences to appreciate the sounds of Hindi and Urdu poetry, and in doing so, they become custodians of these rich literary traditions.
Nutrient digestibility, characteristics of rumen fermentation, and microbial protein synthesis from Pesisir cattle diet containing non-fiber carbohydrate to rumen degradable protein ratio and sulfur supplement
Authors: Zain Mardiati , Tanuwiria Ujang Hidayat , Syamsu Jasmal Ahmari , Yunilas Yunilas , Pazla Roni , Putri Ezi Masdia , Makmur Malik , Amanah Ummi , Shafura Putri Okta , Bagaskara Bima
Published: March 2024

Background and Aim: To achieve optimal feed efficiency in ruminants, especially Pesisir cattle, it is necessary to maintain a harmonious equilibrium between energy and protein levels within the rumen. Sulfur supplementation can potentially escalate the energyâ€“protein balance in the rumen. The aim of this study was to explore the formulation of ruminant diets by synchronizing rumen degradable protein (RDP) and non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) while adding sulfur minerals at different levels. Nutrient digestibility, NH3 concentration, volatile fatty acids (VFA) production, microbial protein synthesis (MPS), and methane gas production were assessed.

Materials and Methods: We employed a randomized block design with a 2 Ã— 2 Ã— 3 factorial arrangement and examined diverse incubation periods of 6, 24, and 48 h. Treatment consisted of RDP (60% and 65%), NFC (35% and 40%), and sulfur (0%, 0.15%, and 0.3%) levels. In this study, the Tilley and Terry in vitro technique, which used Pesisir cattleâ€™s rumen fluid, was employed to assess the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and RDP-Rumen undegradable protein. In addition, it measures various rumen fluid attributes, including pH, NH3, VFA, MPS, and methane gas production.

Results: Treatment with a coordinated combination of 65% RDP and 40% NFC combined with 0.15% sulfur supplement yielded significantly improved digestibility and notably reduced methane gas production (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The enhancement in digestibility and reduction in methane gas emissions can be attributed to the interaction of RDP, NFC, and sulfur. Feed digestibility was increased in the 65% RDP treatment with 40% NFC and 0.15% sulfur, along with a decrease in methane gas production.

Keywords: degradable and undegradable protein, digestibility, non-fiber carbohydrate, rumen fermentation, sulfur.
Caminhos procedimentais de institucionalização da matéria de história da África e cultura afro-brasileira: Uma análise histórica da Lei 10.639/2003
Authors: Fernandes Araujo Talita
Published: March 2024

A Lei 10.639/2003 nasceu no Estado Moderno brasileiro, seguindo normas de proposição a partir da luta e do conflito. A matéria fundamental da Lei diz respeito ao estabelecimento da obrigatoriedade do ensino de história e cultura afro-brasileira nas disciplinas que fazem parte das grades curriculares dos ensinos fundamental e médio O artigo se propõe a compreender os caminhos que levaram à institucionalização da Lei 10.639/03. Para tanto, analisaremos o subsolo da legislação a partir de três eixos: razão do Estado Moderno, os vetos, e os caminhos percorridos na sua construção. Desse modo, procuraremos perceber como a Lei nasce na sociedade e as implicações que seu nascimento é condicionado. Um dos momentos que marca sua institucionalização são os artigos vetados antes da lei ser promulgada. O Estado, a fim de fazer morrer a lei, aplica os vetos. Portanto, a lei nasce em um território moderno, a partir de uma razão negra, que cria tecnologias para fazer morrer a lei antes de sua promulgação e aprovação.
marchas de 2013 em Belém do Pará
Authors: Lou da Costa Veloso Dias Bárbara , Samara da Silva de Melo Allyne , Da Silva Ribeiro Isadora
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo procura analisar as manifestações ocorridas em Junho de 2013 em Belém do Pará, a partir de dados obtidos por meio dos três principais jornais locais. Simultaneamente, buscamos comparar nossos achados com os encontrados por outros pesquisadores que investigaram o mesmo fenômeno em outras capitais brasileiras, como: Belo Horizonte, São Paulo, Goiânia e Teresina. Nós acreditamos que o ciclo de protestos de 2013 revelou uma mudança nas formas de realização das manifestações, seja no protagonismo pulverizado de atores, seja na forma como os protestos eram organizados. Há uma intensa emergência de formas personalistas e subjetivistas de mobilização da ação coletiva e de fortalecimento do capitalismo cognitivo, através de novas tecnologias da comunicação e informação.
Optimization of Yonsei Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (YSECT) Detector for Fast Inspection of Spent Nuclear Fuel in Water Storage
Authors: Choi Hyung-Joo , Park Hyojun , Cheon Bo-Wi , Cho Kyunghoon , Lee Hakjae , Chung Yong Hyun , Yeom Yeon Soo , You Sei Hwan , Choi Hyun Joon , Min Chul Hee
Published: March 2024

Background: The gamma emission tomography (GET) device has been reported a reliable technique to inspect partial defects within spent nuclear fuel (SNF) of pin-by-pin level. However, the existing GET devices have low accuracy owing to the high attenuation and scatter probability for SNF inspection condition. The purpose of this study is to design and optimize a Yonsei single-photon emission computed tomography version 2 (YSECT.v.2) for fast inspection of SNF in water storage by acquisition of high-quality tomographic images.Materials and Methods: Using Geant4 (Geant4 Collaboration) and DETECT-2000 (Glenn F. Knoll et al.) Monte Carlo simulation, the geometrical structure of the proposed device was determined and its performance was evaluated for the 137Cs source in water. In a Geant4-based assessment, proposed device was compared with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)-authenticated device for the quality of tomographic images obtained for 12 fuel sources in a 14 × 14 Westinghouse-type fuel assembly.Results and Discussion: According to the results, the length, slit width, and septal width of the collimator were determined to be 65, 2.1, and 1.5 mm, respectively, and the material and length of the trapezoidal-shaped scintillator were determined to be gadolinium aluminum gallium garnet and 45 mm, respectively. Based on the results of performance comparison between the YSECT.v.2 and IAEA’s device, the proposed device showed 200 times higher performance in gamma-detection sensitivity and similar source discrimination probability.Conclusion: In this study, we optimally designed the GET device for improving the SNF inspection accuracy and evaluated its performance. Our results show that the YSECT.v.2 device could be employed for SNF inspection.
Canal MV2: Qual a maneira mais segura para prepará-lo?
Authors: Rodrigues Evaldo Almeida , Barreto Neto Laerte Oliveira , Nagahama Maria do Carmo Bastos , Passinho Diogo Azevedo , Santos Thaise Barbosa dos , Lopes Sandy Natthalie de Alcantara
Published: March 2024

Introdução: O molar superior representa um grande desafio clínico para o tratamento endodôntico, por conta da complexidade anatômica da sua raiz mesiovestibular (MV). Sabe-se que a prevalência de dois canais (MV1 e MV2) nessa raiz é alta, podendo chegar a 97,6%. Existem várias dificuldades a serem vencidas durante esse tratamento, tanto na localização quanto no preparo do canal MV2. Algumas pesquisas têm focado na determinação da prevalência do MV2, assim como em métodos clínicos para localizá-lo, mas na verdade poucos estudos têm sido feitos com o objetivo de recomendar um protocolo apropriado e seguro para preparar o MV2. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo é descrever uma técnica para preparar o MV2 de maneira segura e que ofereça previsibilidade de resultados. Conclusão: Diante do exposto, pode-se concluir que aliando o conhecimento da complexa anatomia do canal MV2 — e das principais diferenças morfométricas em relação ao MV1 —, a escolha correta dos instrumentos para o preparo mecânico, é possível localizar, negociar e tratar o canal MV2 com eficiência, segurança e previsibilidade.
El diálogo como derecho. Bases para la concepción y aplicación de un modelo extensivo de justicia restaurativa
Authors: Alonso Rimo Alberto
Published: March 2024

La justicia restaurativa se aplica en España de manera llamativamente desigual. A pesar de que nuestra regulación admitiría un sistema más amplio y flexible, el vigente en la práctica en la jurisdicción de adultos obedece a un modelo de miras estrechas, supeditado –de facto– a la derivación judicial, centrado en los delitos de escasa gravedad y orientado mayoritariamente a lograr un acuerdo que opere como alternativa al proceso tradicional, en clave diversionaria, o que obtenga al menos repercusión en términos de reducción de la condena. Este enfoque no se corresponde con el de los textos internacionales más recientes e impide que los importantes beneficios de la justicia restaurativa alcancen a la generalidad de la ciudadanía (a cualquier víctima e infractor y a la comunidad). En el estudio se ponen de manifiesto estas realidades y divergencias. A tal fin se delimita primero el concepto de justicia restaurativa y sus límites, tomando como principal referente a esos efectos las mencionadas previsiones internacionales. A continuación, partiendo de esos presupuestos, y teniendo también muy presente el ejemplo del sistema de justicia restaurativa belga y el estado de la cuestión en la legislación y en la práctica de nuestro país, se justifican los criterios que, en opinión del autor, deberían seguirse para la configuración y aplicación de un sistema de justicia restaurativa extensivo –aunque a la vez complementario del sistema de justicia penal convencional– y victimocéntrico –pero garantista, sensible asimismo a los intereses del ofensor y de la comunidad–. Con ello se realiza también una crítica a la práctica de la justicia restaurativa que se lleva a cabo en España en la justicia de adultos y a los extendidos planteamientos que parten –se sea más o menos consciente de ello– de una concepción de la justicia restaurativa que distorsiona su esencia y finalidad principal (la reparación integral de los daños derivados del delito) y que hasta cierto punto instrumentaliza a las víctimas. Eso es lo que sucede –considera el autor– en la propuesta de regulación de la materia contenida en el Anteproyecto de Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal de 2020, a cuyo análisis crítico se destina la última parte del trabajo.
O polskich i czeskich napisach publicznych
Authors: Wojtak Maria
Published: March 2024

Andrzej Charciarek, Polskie i czeskie napisy publiczne.Stylistyka i pragmatyka,Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, 2013, 257 s., ISBN 978-83-226-4273-3.
A collostructional approach to Japanese noun-modifying clause construction use and acquisition: a learner corpus study
Authors: De Los Reyes Nicole C. , Römer-Barron Ute
Published: March 2024

Japanese features a general noun-modifying clause construction (NMCC) with a more versatile range of semantic and pragmatic interpretations than equivalent constructions in other languages. Motivated by the learning challenge NMCCs pose to Japanese as a foreign language (JFL) learners, this article examines speech data from the International Corpus of Japanese as a Second Language (I-JAS) to compare learner use of NMCCs against a large L1 Japanese corpus. Instances of the construction from both corpora were analyzed to identify high-frequency part-of-speech categories and subcategories in the modifying clause predicate and head noun slots. A simple collexeme analysis was then employed to identify strongly attracted and repelled lexical items among those identified in realizations of the construction. Taken together, findings from these analyses revealed an important connection between the semantic weight of head nouns in NMCCs and the idiomaticity of the construction, with learner productions demonstrating a tendency toward heavy head nouns. This study lays the groundwork for future research seeking to explore the NMCC at different levels of granularity and to improve its treatment in JFL pedagogical materials.
Does Health Insurance Boost Subjective Well-being? Examining the Link in China through a National Survey
Authors: Wang Chenyang
Published: March 2024

Drawing on nationwide data from the 2021 China General Social Survey, this study leverages ordered logit regression and propensity score matching to delve into the intricate relationship between commercial health insurance and subjective well-being among Chinese residents. The analysis unveils a robust, positive association between commercial health insurance and subjective well-being, with its impact most evident at intermediate levels of happiness. Notably, the study pinpoints a more pronounced effect among the middle-high income group. However, closer scrutiny of the marginal effects reveals a heightened need for commercial health insurance among low-income individuals, suggesting a potential avenue for policy intervention. In light of these findings, we recommend that the Chinese government actively foster the development of commercial health insurance, aligning it effectively with the existing system, to bolster the subjective well-being of the entire population.
Homogeneous ACM and Ulrich bundles on rational homogeneous spaces
Authors: Fang Xinyi
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we characterize homogeneous arithmetically Cohen–Macaulay (ACM) bundles and Ulrich bundles on rational homogeneous spaces.
From this result, we see that there are only finitely many irreducible homogeneous ACM bundles (up to twist) and Ulrich bundles on these varieties. Moreover, we give numerical criteria for some special irreducible homogeneous bundles to be ACM bundles.
Time Scales of the Low-Carbon Transition: A Data-Driven Dynamic Multi-Sector Growth Model
Authors: Vallès Codina Oriol , Semmler Willi
Published: March 2024

This paper employs a dynamic multi-sector growth model with changing technology to study the relevance of the price and quantity dimensions involved in the technical substitution of carbon-intensive technology, that is, the low-carbon transition. For the framing of the transition, the stylized market dynamics by Flaschel and Semmler (1987. “Classical and Neoclassical Competitive Adjustment Processes.” The Manchester School 55 (1): 13–37) are used, who propose a cross-dual out-of-equilibrium adjustment process. The major empirical challenge to identify the adjustment speed for quantities and prices is to empirically estimate sector-specific adjustment coefficients. The transition speed is estimated for seven carbon-intensive sectors in six high-income economies (Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands, Japan, and the US) using a mixed-effects varying-slopes model on EU KLEMS data. Directed technical change is enforced by a revenue-neutral, pro-active fiscal policy of a tax–subsidy form, which has the effect to greatly accelerate the phase-out of carbon-intensive technology and the phase-in of green technology. The speed of green substitution that allows decarbonization is then evaluated analytically and computationally along four policy and time dimensions: cost advantage, a percentage tax on carbon-intensive output, a green subsidy rate, and initial investment ratios. Though the tax itself has an impact on the speed of decarbonization, it is significantly improved by green subsidies and green investments. The cost advantage of the green over the carbon technology is shown to have a negligible impact on decarbonization speed by itself. Without ambitious fiscal policy, especially in the form of green investment support, this substitution process appears to be too slow to reach decarbonization in a timely manner.
I am in the Homeless Home or I Am Always on the Way Home: Formatting Identity and Transcultural Adaptation Through Ethnic and Host Communication
Authors: Chao Chin-Chung , Xie Ming
Published: March 2024

This study uses a phenomenological approach and 25 in-depth interviews to better understand ethnic and host communication by Chinese international students in U.S. higher education and the impact of such communication practices on their cultural identity transformation and transcultural adaptation. The research findings reveal that their ethnic communication reflects their dynamic negotiation of cultural identities and their efforts to integrate their original cultural background and their expectations of others to redefine their own cultural identities and communicative behaviors. It also highlights that Chinese students engage in ethnic communication not only for community building and cultural identity reinforcement but also assertively to express themselves and educate others.
Mathematical analysis of a combustible viscoelastic material in a cylindrical channel taking into account induced electric field: A spectral approach
Authors: Adeosun Adeshina T. , Adesanya Samuel O. , Lebelo Ramoshweu S. , Gbadeyan Jacob A.
Published: March 2024

In spite of the enormous applications of heating combustible materials due to exothermic chemical reactions, scientists and engineers still face a problem with these materials’ tendency to self-ignition, which can result in significant property damage if serious precautions are not taken. Therefore, the thermal decomposition of combustible viscoelastic material in a cylindrical channel is investigated in this study. With a third-order constitutive model considered for viscoelastic flow behavior, momentum and energy-balanced governing equations are provided. The chemical reaction of the material is assumed exothermic and thus follows Arrhenius’s kinetics. A numerical solution is provided for the boundary value problem via the bivariate spectral collocation method, and the impact of kinetics parameters on the combustible viscoelastic material is investigated. Our findings show that self-ignition is delayed with higher values of activation energy parameter (

ε

\varepsilon

) and third-order parameter (

γ

\gamma

), as well as lower values of magnetic field parameter (

M

M

), current density parameter (

δ

\delta

), and electrical conductivity exponent (

m

m

).
Mind the Gap: Comparison of External Load and Load Variation Between a Reserve Team in a 1-Game Week Microcycle and Its First Team in a 2-Game Week Microcycle Within an Elite Professional Soccer Club
Authors: Carpels Thomas , Scobie Nairn , Macfarlane Niall G. , Kemi Ole J.
Published: March 2024

Carpels, T, Scobie, N, Macfarlane, NG, and Kemi, OJ. Mind the gap: comparison of external load and load variation between a reserve team in a 1-game week microcycle and its first team in a 2-game week microcycle within an elite professional soccer club. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—The aim of this study was to quantify and compare weekly external load and within-week load variation of reserve team players (RES) in a 1-game week microcycle to first team players (FT) in a 2-game week microcycle within the same professional soccer club. External load data were collected between 2017 and 2020 for the following parameters: duration, total distance (TD), total high-speed distance (THSD; >19.8 km·h−1), high-speed distance (HSD; 19.8–25.2 km·h−1), sprint distance (SD; >25.2 km·h−1), number of sprints (number of efforts >25.2 km·h−1), number of high-speed efforts (number of HS efforts >19.8 km·h−1), meters per minute (m·min−1), and high-speed meters per minute (HS m·min−1). First team players were subcategorized into starters (ST) and nonstarters (NST). Intergroup differences in cumulative weekly load and weekly load patterns were statistically analyzed, whereas training monotony (TM) was quantified to assess intragroup, within-week, load variation. Reserve team players showed similar weekly loads to ST, apart from significant differences (p < 0.005) in duration (8%), TD (21%), and HS efforts (16%). Similar to ST, RES showed greater values than NST (p < 0.0005) for duration (10%), TD (9%), THSD (30%), HSD (26%), SD (45%), sprints (40%), and HS efforts (22%). Weekly patterns in RES were different from ST and NST (p < 0.05). Training monotony was highest for NST for all parameters, apart from the number of sprints. Reserve team players need to be prepared to cope with cumulative weekly loads and the lack of recovery between games that ST face. However, when RES become NST, effective loading strategies need to be designed within the limits of 2-game week microcycles to ensure continuous development.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Barriers of Blood Donation among Students of Soran Technical College: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:   Department of Public Health, College of health and Medical Techniques/ Shekhan, Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok, Iraq., Ahmed Sarud , Tahir Arazoo ,   Department of Nursing, College of health and Medical Techniques/ Shekhan, Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok, Iraq., Seniar Magroom ,   Department of Nursing, Soran Technical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq.
Published: March 2024

Background: Safe and effective blood transfusion is a vital component in improving health and preventing the spread of blood-borne diseases worldwide. The current study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and barriers toward blood donation among Soran Technical College students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 25th February 2022 to 7th May 2022. A non-probability convenience sampling method included 200 students; it was divided into medical and non-medical students. A self-administered questionnaire with closed-ended questions was used to collect information concerning socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding blood donation. Results: More than half of the study samples (59.5%) were within the age group of less than 20 years. The majority (68%) were female. And nearly half of the students came from an urban area. The majority of respondents (90.5%) had a fair level of knowledge, while 7% had good knowledge of blood donation. However, 59% of the students had a positive attitude toward blood donation. The most common motivators that encouraged blood donors were 72.5% getting subsidies and vacations, and 71% getting free laboratory examinations. Common barriers for blood donors were worried about sanitation and getting infectious diseases, and the side effects (58.7%) and (54.5%), respectively. Conclusion: Despite most of the students having a favorable attitude toward blood donation but unexpectedly having a fair level of knowledge, the major barrier perceived by students was fear of acquiring an infectious disease.
Students’ Attitude Towards Moodle Learning Management System as A Teaching Strategy in Nursing Educations
Authors:   Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq., Anwer Dlzar
Published: March 2024

Background and objectives: Moodle stand for Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment. It was created in Australia by Martin Dougiamas. Moodle is freely available as open-source software, and is flexible and easy to modify. The aim of this study was to evaluate attitude of nursing students towards using Moodle as a learning management system in the nursing programs. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the College of Nursing in Erbil city-Kurdistan Region-Iraq. The study included 100 nursing and midwifery students. A non-probability-convenience sampling technique was used to enroll 100 nursing students by submitting a questionnaire to assess their perspectives about new teaching methods such as Moodle in their learning process. Results: The vast majority of the study sample was female and third-year stage students. Most of the students were living in the urban area and mostly is unmarried. Most of the students believed that Moodle improved their academic performance in the teaching process at the College of Nursing. Conclusion: There was believed that Moodle as a teaching strategy in nursing education programs has a pivotal role in attracting nursing students to learn.