bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carboxylesterase-activated near-infrared fluorescence probe for highly sensitive imaging of liver tumors
Authors: Jiang Renfeng , Xia Yuqing , Liu Qian , Zhang Hongshuai , Yang Xuefeng , He Longwei , Cheng Dan
Published: January 2024

A carboxylesterase-activated near-infrared fluorescent probe with high sensitivity and selectivity was developed to guide surgical resection of liver tumors and monitor clinical serum samples from liver cancer patients.
Improved coulombic efficiency of single-flow, multiphase flow batteries via the use of strong-binding complexing agents
Authors: Rewatkar Prakash , Asarthen S Mohamed , Glouckhovski Robert , Elazari Ran , Suss Matthew E.
Published: January 2024

A comprehensive study of stronger-binding complexing agents than MEP to increase coulombic and energy efficiency using a membraneless single-flow zinc–bromine battery with a multiphase electrolyte.
Tailored nonwoven supported non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte enables an ultra-stable sodium metal battery
Authors: Das Sayan , Pol Vilas G. , Adyam Venimadhav
Published: January 2024

We present an easily scalable approach to developing a nonwoven-supported PVDF-HFP polymer-based quasi-solid-state flexible non-flammable electrolyte, with a conductivity of 1.16 × 10−4 S cm−1 at RT with a transfer number of 0.68.
Proximity labelling reveals effects of disease-causing mutation on the DNAJC5/cysteine string protein α interactome
Authors: Barker Eleanor , Milburn Amy E. , Helassa Nordine , Hammond Dean E. , Sanchez-Soriano Natalia , Morgan Alan , Barclay Jeff W.
Published: January 2024

Cysteine string protein α (CSPα), also known as DNAJC5, is a member of the DnaJ/Hsp40 family of co-chaperones. The name derives from a cysteine-rich domain, palmitoylation of which enables localisation to intracellular membranes, notably neuronal synaptic vesicles. Mutations in the DNAJC5 gene that encodes CSPα cause autosomal dominant, adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (ANCL), a rare neurodegenerative disease. As null mutations in CSP-encoding genes in flies, worms and mice similarly result in neurodegeneration, CSP is evidently an evolutionarily conserved neuroprotective protein. However, the client proteins that CSP chaperones to prevent neurodegeneration remain unclear. Traditional methods for identifying protein–protein interactions, such as yeast 2-hybrid and affinity purification approaches, are poorly suited to CSP due to its requirement for membrane anchoring and its tendency to aggregate after cell lysis. Therefore, we employed proximity labelling, which enables the identification of interacting proteins in situ in living cells via biotinylation. Neuroendocrine PC12 cell lines stably expressing wild type or L115R ANCL mutant CSP constructs fused to miniTurbo were generated; then the biotinylated proteomes were analysed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and validated by western blotting. This confirmed several known CSP-interacting proteins, such as Hsc70 and SNAP-25, but also revealed novel binding proteins, including STXBP1/Munc18-1. Interestingly, some protein interactions (such as Hsc70) were unaffected by the L115R mutation, whereas others (including SNAP-25 and STXBP1/Munc18-1) were inhibited. These results define the CSP interactome in a neuronal model cell line and reveal interactions that are affected by ANCL mutation and hence may contribute to the neurodegeneration seen in patients.
Clinical trainee performance on task‐based AR/VR‐guided surgical simulation is correlated with their 3D image spatial reasoning scores
Authors: Eagleson Roy , Kikinov Denis , Bilbie Liam , de Ribaupierre Sandrine
Published: January 2024

This paper describes a methodology for the assessment of training simulator‐based computer‐assisted intervention skills on an AR/VR‐guided procedure making use of CT axial slice views for a neurosurgical procedure: external ventricular drain (EVD) placement. The task requires that trainees scroll through a stack of axial slices and form a mental representation of the anatomical structures in order to subsequently target the ventricles to insert an EVD. The process of observing the 2D CT image slices in order to build a mental representation of the 3D anatomical structures is the skill being taught, along with the cognitive control of the subsequent targeting, by planned motor actions, of the EVD tip to the ventricular system to drain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Convergence is established towards the validity of this assessment methodology by examining two objective measures of spatial reasoning, along with one subjective expert ranking methodology, and comparing these to AR/VR guidance. These measures have two components: the speed and accuracy of the targeting, which are used to derive the performance metric. Results of these correlations are presented for a population of PGY1 residents attending the Canadian Neurosurgical “Rookie Bootcamp” in 2019.
Autism spectrum disorder detection using facial images: A performance comparison of pretrained convolutional neural networks
Authors: Ahmad Israr , Rashid Javed , Faheem Muhammad , Akram Arslan , Khan Nafees Ahmad , Amin Riaz ul
Published: January 2024

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex psychological syndrome characterized by persistent difficulties in social interaction, restricted behaviours, speech, and nonverbal communication. The impacts of this disorder and the severity of symptoms vary from person to person. In most cases, symptoms of ASD appear at the age of 2 to 5 and continue throughout adolescence and into adulthood. While this disorder cannot be cured completely, studies have shown that early detection of this syndrome can assist in maintaining the behavioural and psychological development of children. Experts are currently studying various machine learning methods, particularly convolutional neural networks, to expedite the screening process. Convolutional neural networks are considered promising frameworks for the diagnosis of ASD. This study employs different pre‐trained convolutional neural networks such as ResNet34, ResNet50, AlexNet, MobileNetV2, VGG16, and VGG19 to diagnose ASD and compared their performance. Transfer learning was applied to every model included in the study to achieve higher results than the initial models. The proposed ResNet50 model achieved the highest accuracy, 92%, compared to other transfer learning models. The proposed method also outperformed the state‐of‐the‐art models in terms of accuracy and computational cost.
A novel efficient wildlife detecting method with lightweight deployment on UAVs based on YOLOv7
Authors: Mou Chao , Zhu Chengcheng , Liu Tengfei , Cui Xiaohui
Published: January 2024

Efficient animal detection is essential for biodiversity protection. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been widely used because of their low costs and minimal environmental intrusion. However, using UAVs for practical animal detection poses two challenges: (a) the UAV's fly highly to avoid disturbing animals, resulting in small object detection problems; (b) the limited processing power of UAVs makes large state‐of‐the‐art (SOTA) methods (e.g., You Only Look Once V7, YOLOv7) difficult to deploy. This work proposes the WILD‐YOLO based on YOLOv7 to deal with the two problems. To detect small objects, WILD‐YOLO improves upon YOLOv7 by adding a small object detection head in the head part. To enable real‐time animal detection in field environments with UAVs, the lighten FasterNet and GhostNet have been used to significantly reduce the model size.  Compared to YOLOv7, WILD‐YOLO significantly reduces the number of parameters, making it suitable for lightweight deployment on UAVs. Additionally, comparisons with other lightweight models such as YOLOv7‐tiny, YOLOv5‐s, YOLOv4‐s and MobilenetV2 on the datasets are conducted. The experimental results demonstrate that this proposed WILD‐YOLO method outperforms other approaches and has great potential for effective detection of wildlife in complex environments encountered by UAVs.
An experiment on an automated literature survey of data-driven speech enhancement methods
Authors: dos Santos Arthur , Pereira Jayr , Nogueira Rodrigo , Masiero Bruno , Tavallaey Shiva Sander , Zea Elias
Published: January 2024

The increasing number of scientific publications in acoustics, in general, presents difficulties in conducting traditional literature surveys. This work explores the use of a generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) model to automate a literature survey of 117 articles on data-driven speech enhancement methods. The main objective is to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of the model in providing accurate responses to specific queries about the papers selected from a reference human-based survey. While we see great potential to automate literature surveys in acoustics, improvements are needed to address technical questions more clearly and accurately.
Fatty acids composition in Pistachio
Authors: Gündüz Leyla Nurefşan , Kazan Murat , Topçu Hayat , Kafkas Salih
Published: January 2024

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.), is an important food source for human health. It has nutritional content rich in protein, fat, fatty acids, fiber, vitamins and minerals. Such as other nuts, pistachio oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids. Pistachio is rich in omega fatty acids such as n-3, n-6, n-9, it is known to be beneficial in decreasing cholesterol by increasing HDL level in blood plasma. Oleic acid (C18: 1) and palmitoleic acid are the main component of unsaturated fatty acids in pistachio. It has fatty acids such as linoleic acid and alpha linoleic acid among polyunsaturated fatty acids and myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid among saturated fatty acids. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) is generally used for the analysis of fatty acids in foods. The main component of unsaturated fatty acids contained in pistachio is oleic acid (C18: 1) and the variety varies between 51.6% and 81.17% according to the origin. Linoleic acid (C18:2) content, which is a polyunsaturated fatty acid, varies between 15% and 30%. Stearic acid content of saturated fatty acids varies between 0.8% and 3.5%. This review provides information about the properties and curent status of the fatty acids in pistachios.
A Study on Quality Properties of Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) Fruit Powder Obtained by Different Drying Treatments
Authors: Gunes Recep
Published: January 2024

In this study, the quality characteristics of blackthorn fruit (Prunus spinosa L.) powders obtained by convective hot air-drying (HAD) and freeze-drying (FD) treatments were investigated. The drying time was carried out equally (24 h) for both treatments. According to the results, the moisture (%) and water activity of powder samples obtained by HAD and FD treatments were found as 7.51% and 0.2471, 9.13% and 0.2718, respectively. Considering the pH and total ash parameters, there was no statistically significant difference between the powder samples (p>0.05). However, both drying processes were effective on the color and changed the L*, a*, and b* values of the powders compared to fresh fruit values. The biological and antioxidant results of the powder obtained by FD treatment were higher than the HAD treatment (p<0.05). From this point of view, it was determined that the FD process had a minimal effect on the chemical content of fresh fruit, while the HAD technique applied at 40 °C combined with a fan system did not have an excessive negative effect on these values.
An evaluation of the examples of mobile smart agriculture applications in Turkiye
Authors: Demirel Atasoy Zeynep
Published: January 2024

The technological process of agricultural mechanization has evolved from mechanical, hydraulic, and pneumatic structures to electrical-electronic and mechatronic systems. With the addition of digital technologies in recent years, agricultural mechanization tools have had functions as time-independent, non-spatial, and unmanned. Agricultural production technologies are now equipped with integrated systems with the Internet of Things, cloud informatics, image processing, wireless data transmission, and mobile-portable devices. Today, during the production process, physical, biological, or chemical data detected through sensors from plants, animals, soil, and atmosphere are uploaded to computers and cloud informatic technologies as big data sets. The data is presented to decision-makers via mobile devices connected to the internet. Within the scope of this study, examples of mobile-portable applications used in the field of smart agriculture in the world and our country were generally examined. In addition, technological and sectoral applications for mobile smart agriculture in our country have been taken over. Currently, common application examples of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, and some private sector companies, that produce these technologies and provide them for the end users, have also been researched in this context. In addition to these, the strengths and weaknesses of the current portable mobile applications in agricultural production have been tried to be analyzed in terms of our country’s conditions.
The conceptualization of agricultural residues: unlocking potential for sustainability
Authors: Gürdil Gürkan Alp Kağan , Demirel Bahadır , Yeşiloğlu Cevher Elçin
Published: January 2024

Agriculture has been a cornerstone of human civilization for millennia, providing sustenance, raw materials, and livelihoods. However, it also generates vast amounts of agricultural residues, often overlooked but holding immense potential. These residues, ranging from crop stubble to fruit peels, are typically considered waste. However, as the world grapples with the challenges of sustainability, there is a growing need to conceptualize agricultural residues differently – as valuable resources that can contribute to environmental, economic, and social well-being. By recycling these residues into valuable resources, farmers can enhance soil fertility, reduce reliance on synthetic chemicals, and contribute to a healthier, more sustainable agricultural ecosystem. In this study some ways of utilizing these residues like energy media, organic manure and compost and as lightweight bio-composite materials are shown.
A technique to solve Transshipment Problem with Asymmetric Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers
Authors: Arora Aparna , Gupta Rashmi , Saxena Ratnesh Rajan
Published: January 2024

In order to draw comparison in largely used fuzzy numbers, ranking of fuzzy numbers becomes important. In this paper, a new method for ranking Asymmetric Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers (APFN) is proposed. In this method, the pentagonal fuzzy numbers are scored by obtaining their centers of gravity using left and right areas associated with them. Further, we propose a direct technique for solving fuzzy Transshipment Problem (TsP) in which costs are represented as Asymmetric Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers. The solution so obtained is fuzzy optimal solution. The validity of proposed methodology is illustrated through numerical examples.
So weit die Füße tragen?
Authors: Schalk Richard , Nast Angela , Peters Benedict , Nichler Svenja , Puls Jörn
Published: January 2024

Die Fußgesundheit ist eine wichtige Voraussetzung, um die geforderte und gewohnte Arbeitsleistung erbringen zu können. Gerade im OP sind spezifische Belastungen durch langes Stehen oder Gehen besonders ausgeprägt. OP-Schuhe können die Fußgesundheit stark beeinflussen, wenn sie nicht an die Bedürfnisse der Mitarbeiter angepasst werden.
Gratwanderung zwischen Sicherheit und Freiheit
Authors: Hahn Maximilian
Published: January 2024

Intensivstationen sind für die Versorgung lebensbedrohlich erkrankter Patienten entscheidend. Der dort häufig vorkommende Einsatz von freiheitsentziehenden Maßnahmen ist aufgrund möglicher physischer und psychischer Folgen eine komplexe Herausforderung. Dieser Artikel behandelt die Gründe für den Einsatz von freiheitsentziehenden Maßnahmen auf Intensivstationen, ihre Risiken und alternative Sicherheitsstrategien.
FAPI PET/CT provides higher uptake and better target to back ground in recurrent and metastatic tumors of patients with Iodine refractory papillary thyroid cancer compared with FDG PET CT
Authors: Nourbakhsh Shaghayegh , Salehi Yalda , Farzanehfar Saeed , Ghaletaki Reza , Bakhshi Kashi Mohsen , Abbasi Mehrshad
Published: January 2024

Purpose The role of fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET CT scan is not well documented in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients. Patients with radioiodine refractory PTC and high thyroglobulin levels need PET/CT scan which is generally done by 18F FDG. In the current study, the diagnostic performance of 68Ga FAPI and FDG PET/CT scans were compared head to head in patients with radioiodine refractory PTC.

Method Fourteen patients with negative whole body Iodine scans and high thyroglobulin levels underwent whole body PET scans with, respectively, 120–310 and 145–370 MBq 68Ga FAPI-46 and 18F FDG. SUVmax of the back ground in the blood pool and liver and the hottest, largest and average neck, mediastinum, lung and bone lesions were calculated and compared.

Result Ten patients had at least one active (SUVmax>blood pool) lesion similarly in two scans. The liver and blood pool SUVmax values were 1.25(0.2) and 1.7(0.2) in FAPI and 2.65(0.2) and 2.0(0.2) in FDG PET images, respectively. The difference was significant (p=0.001). Standard SUV of the hottest lesion to liver was above 3 in all FAPI scans but in half of FDG scans. Target lesion number and intensity were similar between two PET studies but in a patient out of 5 pulmonary metastatic patients, pulmonary nodules were negative (SUVmax=0.9) in FDG while positive (SUVmax= 3.8) in FAPI images (i.e. 20% patient upstaged).

Conclusion FAPI accumulates in the recurrent and metastatic lesions of patients with Iodine refractory PTC at least as well as FDG with particular privileges as lower injected activity and lower back ground.
Letter to the Editor on: “Running Critical Power: A
Comparison Of Different Theoretical Models”
Authors: Mentzoni F.
Published: January 2024

Dear Editor,

I read with interest the study by Ruiz-Alias et al. on different critical power
models in running 1. The study offers valuable
insights into the application of critical power in running, highlighting
considerable discrepancies between different methods of estimation. While the work
is commendable, it leaves room for questions regarding the methodology applied and
the interpretation of the results. The omission of each participant’s mean
power of the trials in the study, in combination with a reluctance to share it upon
request, makes it impossible for the reader to verify the results. At a bare
minimum, in studies of this nature, each individual’s CP and
W’, calculated using the different methods, should be made
available as it offers valuable information for readers. I elaborate on my main
concerns in the following. Accompanying figures are provided in an external
repository 2.
A safe and effective endoscopic treatment method for simple hepatic cysts (with video)
Authors: Chen Congying , Han Xiao , Xiao Wenqin , Xu Gang , Cai Xiaobo , Hu Guoyong , Wan Rong
Published: January 2024

Background and study aims Symptomatic simple hepatic cysts
require treatment, with several guidelines recommending laparoscopic deroofing. However, cysts
located in the posterosuperior segments are considered poor candidates for this procedure.
Gastrointestinal endoscopes are more flexible and able to reach less accessible areas than
laparoscopes. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of endoscopic transgastric hepatic cyst
deroofing (ETGHCD) for treatment of simple hepatic cysts.

Patients and methods Seven patients with simple hepatic cysts
were evaluated between June 2021 and October 2023. The success rate, procedure time,
post-procedure length of hospital stays, complications, pathologic diagnosis, and efficacy
were recorded.

Results Eleven cysts in seven patients (5 men; mean age 65.5
(standard deviation [SD] 8.5) years) were successfully treated without any complications. The
mean procedure time was 65.6 minutes (SD 17.2). Mean post-procedure hospitalization was 4.4
days (SD 1.0). The pathologic diagnosis of 11 cysts showed simple hepatic cysts. The size of
the cysts was significantly decreased from 337.0 cm3 (SD 528.8) to 5.2
cm3 (SD 6.3) 1 month after ETGHCD. During the median 12.7-month follow-up in
seven patients, the cysts showed a 99.6% reduction with no recurrence.

Conclusions ETGHCD provided a feasible, safe, effective, and
minimal invasive alternative approach for the treatment of simple hepatic cysts.
Risk factors of early adverse events associated with endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy using self-expandable metal stent
Authors: Nakaji So , Takahashi Hirokazu , Yoshioka Wataru , Shiratori Toshiyasu , Yoshimura Shigenobu , Kawamitsu Natsuki , Tomonari Akiko
Published: January 2024

Background and study aims This retrospective study aimed to investigate risk factors for early adverse events (AEs) associated with endoscopic ultrasonography-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) using self-expandable metal stents (SEMS).

Patients and methods The clinical success rate, technical success rate, and early AEs were assessed at two hospitals from 2010 to 2022. The analysis focused on risk factors associated with cholangitis, peritonitis, and SEMS migration.

Results Technical success was achieved in all cases (94/94), and clinical success was 96.8% (91/94). Post-procedural acute cholangitis occurred in 12.8%of cases (12/94). However, no statistically significant risk factors were identified for cholangitis or biliary tract infection. Peritonitis occurred in only 2.1% of cases (2/94). Univariate analysis, using a 1.5 cm cut-off for the distance between the liver and gastrointestinal tract, revealed significant risk factors: braided-type SEMS, bile duct diameter (especially >4 mm), 6 mm diameter SEMS, and tract dilation (P=0.001, P=0.020, P=0.023, and P=0.046, respectively). Adjusting the cut-offs to 2 cm underscored braided-type SEMS and tract dilation as risk factors (P=0.002 and P=0.046, respectively). With 2.5-cm cut-offs, only braided-type SEMS remained significant (P=0.018). Mortality within 14 and 30 days following EUS-HGS was 5.3% (5/94) and 16.0% (15/94), respectively.

Conclusions EUS-HGS using SEMS demonstrated high technical and clinical success rates. Laser-cut SEMS may be superior in preventing early AEs.
Innovative Clinical Scenario Simulator for Step-by-Step Microsurgical Training
Authors: Cui Lei , Han Yan , Liu Xin , Jiao Bao L. , Su Hong G. , Chai Mi , Chen Miao , Shu Jun , Pu Wen W. , He Le R. , Han Yu D.
Published: January 2024

Background Microsurgical training should be implemented with consideration of operative difficulties that occur in actual clinical situations. We evaluated the effectiveness of a novel clinical scenario simulator for step-by-step microsurgical training that progressed from conventional training to escalated training with additional obstacles.

Methods A training device was designed according to multiple and intricate clinical microsurgery scenarios. Twenty surgical residents with no experience in microsurgery were randomly assigned to either the control group (conventional training curricula, n = 10) or the experimental group (step-by-step training courses, n = 10). After 4 weeks of laboratory practice, the participants were scheduled to perform their first microvascular anastomoses on patients in an operating room. The Global Rating Scale (GRS) scores and operative duration were used to compare microsurgical skills between the two groups.

Results There were no significant differences in the participants' baseline characteristics before microsurgical training between the groups with respect to age, sex, postgraduate year, surgical specialty, or mean GRS score (p < 0.05). There were also no significant differences in recipient sites between the two groups (p = 0.735). After training, the GRS scores in both groups were significantly improved (p = 0.000). However, in the actual microsurgical situations, the GRS scores were significantly higher in the experimental than control group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the operative duration between the two groups (p < 0.13).

Conclusion Compared with a traditional training program, this step-by-step microsurgical curriculum based on our clinical scenario simulator results in significant improvement in acquisition of microsurgical skills.
Comparisons of Impact of Vein Grafting with Different Indications on Outcomes of Reconstruction with Free Flaps
Authors: Coriddi Michelle , Kim Leslie , Haglich Kathryn , Nelson Jonas , Shahzad Farooq , Dayan Joseph , Disa Joseph , Mehrara Babak , Cordeiro Peter , McCarthy Colleen
Published: January 2024

Background Prior studies have shown an increased risk of complications and flap loss with the use of vein grafts in microsurgery. We hypothesize that indication for use of a vein graft can affect flap complications and loss rates.

Methods We performed a retrospective review of all patients at our institution from 2010 to 2020 who underwent free flap reconstruction and required use of a vein graft. Indications for vein grafting included: salvage of flap during primary operation after microvascular compromise, augmentation of flow during primary operation, lengthening of the flap pedicle during the primary operation, and salvage of the flap during a secondary salvage operation after microvascular compromise.

Results A total of 79 patients met the study inclusion criteria. There were significant differences among the vein graft indication groups and the following: area of reconstruction (p = 0.002), vein graft length (p = 0.018), vessels grafted (p = 0.001), vein graft donor site (p = 0.011), and total flap loss (p = 0.047). Of the four indications for vein grafting, salvage of the flap during secondary salvage operation after microvascular compromise had the highest rate of total flap loss (26.7%). There were no significant associations between other flap complications and vein graft indications.

Conclusion Vein graft use in the primary reconstructive setting is efficacious, with low risk of thrombosis. Use in secondary procedures, however, is associated with higher rates of total flap loss, likely due to the thrombotic process, which was initiated prior to the use of the graft resulting in the salvage procedure and not secondary to the graft itself.
What Is the Opinion of the Health Care Personnel Regarding the Use of Different Assistive Tools to Improve the Quality of Neonatal Resuscitation?
Authors: Ortiz-Movilla Roberto , Beato-Merino Maite , Funes Moñux Rosa María , Martínez-Bernat Lucía , Domingo-Comeche Laura , Royuela-Vicente Ana , Román-Riechmann Enriqueta , Marín-Gabriel Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2024

Objective It is important to determine whether the use of different quality improvement tools in neonatal resuscitation is well-received by health care teams and improves coordination and perceived quality of the stabilization of the newborn at birth. This study aimed to explore the satisfaction of personnel involved in resuscitation for infants under 32 weeks of gestational age (<32 wGA) at birth with the use of an assistance toolkit: Random Real-time Safety Audits (RRSA) of neonatal stabilization stations, the use of pre-resuscitation checklists, and the implementation of briefings and debriefings.

Study Design A quasi-experimental, prospective, multicenter intervention study was conducted in five level III-A neonatal intensive care units in Madrid (Spain). The intervention involved conducting weekly RRSA of neonatal resuscitation stations and the systematic use of checklists, briefings, and debriefings during stabilization at birth for infants <32 wGA. The satisfaction with their use was analyzed through surveys conducted with the personnel responsible for resuscitating these newborns. These surveys were conducted both before and after the intervention phase (each lasting 1 year) and used a Likert scale response model to assess various aspects of the utility of the introduced assistance tools, team coordination, and perceived quality of the resuscitation.

Results Comparison of data from 200 preintervention surveys and 155 postintervention surveys revealed statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) between the two phases. The postintervention phase scored higher in all aspects related to the effective utilization of these tools. Improvements were observed in team coordination and the perceived quality of neonatal resuscitation. These improved scores were consistent across personnel roles and years of experience.

Conclusion Personnel attending to infants <32 wGA in the delivery room are satisfied with the application of RRSA, checklists, briefings, and debriefings in the neonatal resuscitation and perceive a higher level of quality in the stabilization of these newborns following the introduction of these tools.

Key Points
Intraoperative Kinematics in Posterior Cruciate Ligament Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty Using Different Inserts
Authors: Sumida Yoshikazu , Fujimoto Eisaku , Masuda Yasuji , Ishibashi Saori , Sasashige Yoshiaki
Published: January 2024

We analyzed the intraoperative kinematics of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using a navigation system to investigate the influence of different inserts on kinematics. This was a retrospective observational study. The Vanguard individualized design (33 patients, 33 knees) XP and anterior-stabilized (AS) inserts were used in TKA for osteoarthritis. Kinematic data were intraoperatively recorded. The range of motion, tibiofemoral rotational angle, anteroposterior translation of the femur, and varus-valgus laxity were compared between the two inserts (XP vs. AS). There was no significant difference in the range of motion (extension: XP, 3.7° ± 3.3° vs. AS, 3.8° ± 3.3°, p = 0.84; flexion: XP, 138.1° ± 10.2° vs. AS, 139.0° ± 13.3°, p = 0.73). With the AS insert, the tibia was gradually internally rotated as the knee was flexed. At maximum extension, the internal rotation was smallest with AS (XP 6.5° ± 4.0° vs. AS 5.1° ± 3.4°, p = 0.022), which was also associated with smaller anterior femoral translation (maximum extension: XP, 14.1 ± 4.8 mm vs. AS, 11.3 ± 4.7 mm, p = 0.00036; 30°: XP, 23.7 ± 5.6 mm vs. AS, 20.7 ± 5.1 mm, p = 0.000033; 45°: XP, 24.4 ± 4.9 mm vs. AS, 23.2 ± 4.5 mm, p = 0.0038). The AS was associated with a lower varus-valgus laxity (30° XP 4.1° ± 3.4 vs. AS 3.3° ± 2.7°, p = 0.036; 60°: XP, 3.2° ± 3.0° vs. AS, 2.4° ± 3.3°, p = 0.0089). The AS insert facilitated sequential tibiofemoral rotation with varus-valgus stability in mid-flexion without restricting the range of motion.
Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Radical Esterification of Propargylic C–H Bonds
Authors: Zhu Xiaotao , Bao Hongli , Xi Jiajia
Published: January 2024

The copper-catalyzed enantioselective radical esterification of propargylic C–H bonds with tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) as an oxidizing agent and an oxygenated nucleophile is reported. This variant of the Kharasch–Sosnovsky oxidation allows for the asymmetric esterification of open-chain carbon radicals without excessive amounts of alkyne substrates under mild reaction conditions, achieving a one-step conversion of simple alkynes into chiral propargylic esters.
Effect of Aerobic Training with Blood Flow Restriction on Strength
and Hypertrophy: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Teixeira Filho Carlos Alberto Toledo , Junior Eduardo Pizzo , Vendrame Julia Waszczuk , Da Silva Gabriel Martins , Cavina Allysie Priscilla de Souza , Lemos Leonardo Kesrouani , Vanderlei Franciele Marques
Published: January 2024

The objective of this meta-analysis is to compare the effects on muscle strength
and hypertrophy of low and high-intensity aerobic training with BFR (LI-BFR and
HI-BFR) versus low and high-intensity aerobic training without BFR (LI and HI).
The search was performed in five databases, by two independent researchers, and
the terms and keywords used to optimize the searches were related to blood flow
restriction and aerobic training. All studies were evaluated for methodological
quality using the PEDro scale and for quality of evidence using the GRADE
system. Meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan software. After data
extraction, 11 studies met all eligibility criteria and were included in the
systematic review. The results of the overall analysis between LI-BFR vs. LI
showed a significant difference in muscle strength of knee extensors; for
hypertrophy, LI was superior to LI-BFR with clinical relevance. Comparing HI-BFR
vs. HI there was no superiority for muscle strength. In conclusion, for strength
gains very low-quality evidence was found to support no superiority between
LI-BFR and HI-BFR compared to LI and HI, respectively. For muscle hypertrophy,
superiority of LI was found compared to LI-BFR, with a very low level of
evidence.
An Epidemiologic Comparison of Injuries to Skiers and Snowboarders
Treated at United States Emergency Departments, 2000–2019
Authors: Kelley Naomi , Pierpoint Lauren , Saeedi Anahita , Hellwinkel Justin E. , Khodaee Morteza
Published: January 2024

Skiing and snowboarding are popular competitive and recreational sports that can
be associated with significant injury. Previous studies of skiing and
snowboarding injuries have been conducted, but studies evaluating injury types
and patterns over long periods of time are needed to drive effective injury
prevention efforts. We hypothesized that injury patterns would differ among
snowboarders and skiers and that the number of injuries remained constant over
time. This is a retrospective study of patients presenting with skiing or
snowboarding injuries to the United States emergency departments from 2000 to
2019. A total of 34,720 injured skiers (48.0%) and snowboarders (52.0%)
presented to US emergency departments over a 20-year period, representing an
estimated 1,620,576 injuries nationwide. There is a decreasing trend of the
number of injuries over the study period (p=0.012). Males represented the
majority (65.7%) of injuries. Skiers were older than snowboarders (mean 30.1 vs.
20.0 years; p<0.001) and patients aged<18 represented more
snowboarding (57.0%) than skiing (43.0%) injuries (p<0.001). Common
diagnoses included fractures (33.0%) and sprains/strains (26.9%). Snowboarders
primarily presented with upper extremity injuries, meanwhile, skiers primarily
presented with lower extremity injuries. Most patients (93.2%), were treated and
discharged from the emergency departments. Understanding the epidemiology of
injuries presenting to emergency departments can help guide prehospital care and
medical coverage allocation for resorts and event organizers, as well as
identifying areas for targeted injury prevention efforts.
Counterfactual mobility network embedding reveals prevalent accessibility gaps in U.S. cities
Authors: Zhang Yunke , Xu Fengli , Chen Lin , Yuan Yuan , Evans James , Bettencourt Luis , Li Yong
Published: January 2024

Living in cities affords expanded access to various resources, infrastructures, and services at reduced travel costs, which improves social life and promotes systemic gains. However, recent research shows that urban dwellers also experience inequality in accessing urban facilities, which manifests in distinct travel and visitation patterns for residents with different demographic backgrounds. Here, we go beyond simple flawed correlation analysis and reveal prevalent accessibility gaps by quantifying the causal effects of resident demographics on mobility patterns extracted from U.S. residents’ detailed interactions with millions of urban venues. Moreover, to efficiently reveal micro neighborhood-level accessibility gaps, we design a novel Counterfactual RANdom-walks-based Embedding (CRANE) method to learn continuous embedding vectors on urban mobility networks with confounding effects disentangled. Our analysis reveals significant income and racial gaps in mobility frequency and visitation rates to sports and education venues. Besides, bachelor’s degree holders experience greater mobility reduction during the COVID-19 crisis. With extensive experiments on neighborhood-level accessibility prediction and visualizing accessibility gaps with embeddings vectors, we demonstrate that the counterfactual mobility network embeddings can improve the explanatory capacity and robustness of revealed accessibility gaps by extending them from aggregate statistics to individual neighborhoods and allowing for cross-city knowledge transfer. As such, urban mobility networks can reveal consistent accessibility gaps in the U.S., calling for urgent urban design policies to fill in the gaps.
Early assessment of tobacco excise sharing fund as policy for farmers’ viable alternatives in Indonesia: case study of four municipalities in Indonesia
Authors: Ahsan Abdillah , Wiyono Nur Hadi , Amalia Nadira , Rusdjijati Retno , Veruswati Meita , Martini Santi , Prabandari Yayi Suryo , Yuniar Adela Miranti
Published: January 2024

Indonesia’s Tobacco Excise Sharing Fund (DBHCHT) policy mandates that part of the fund be allocated for tobacco crop diversification – reducing the farmers’ reliance on the tobacco industry as well as implementing Article 17 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). We collected primary data from key stakeholders in four main tobacco-producing municipalities. A number of challenges related to DBHCHT utilization remained at subnational levels. The suboptimal use of DBHCHT could be explained in part by (i) constantly changing central government regulations, (ii) farmers’ unawareness of DBHCHT regulations, (iii) delays in DBHCHT allocation, and (iv) supply and demand mismatches. Although Indonesia has not been a part of the FCTC ratification, the DBHCHT mandate is in line with the FCTC article 17, i.e., promoting economically viable alternatives for tobacco farmers. This study concluded that DBHCHT utilization needs to go further to void this mandate given the challenges at the subnational level. Therefore, this study recommends additional technical and practical regulations involving multisectoral stakeholders and the use of DBHCHT to meet the financial needs of crop diversification.
Articulating the social responsibilities of translational science
Authors: Smith Elise M. R. , Molldrem Stephen , Farroni Jeffrey S. , Tumilty Emma
Published: January 2024

In recent funding calls, the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences has shifted its focus from “translational research,” which applies to studies in specific therapeutic areas, toward “translational science” interventions which aim to modify the system of translational discovery in the health sciences. To date, the social responsibilities of translational science have not been adequately articulated. In this paper, we argue that the ethical practice of translational science should include explicit social responsibilities that contribute to improved health outcomes and decreased disparities. Articulating social responsibilities specific to translational science is justified based on three of the field’s foundational elements: (1) the social contract regarding public funding of research, (2) the goals of translational science, and (3) the increased risk of direct, indirect, and systemic harms from translational science, which involve system-level changes. We integrate social responsibilities into a framework which prioritizes developing relevant, usable, and sustainable innovations in translational science and provide three illustrative examples to demonstrate the practical application of this framework.
Two-parametric unfoldings for planar invisible double-tangency singularities
Authors: Castillo Juan , Castro Jocelyn A. , Manuel Islas José , Verduzco Fernando
Published: January 2024

We consider the family of planar discontinuous piecewise linear systems in two regions with a straight line as boundary and one tangency point in each region. First, we recall a seven-parametric canonical form for such a family. Next, we select two parameters as bifurcation parameters. One of them represents the distance between the tangency points. It is known that this bifurcation parameter unfolds the called pseudo-Hopf bifurcation. The coefficient that determines the stability of the crossing limit cycle that emerges from this bifurcation mechanism, called the first Lyapunov coefficient, is considered our second bifurcation parameter. Finally, with these two bifurcation parameters, we give a two-parametric unfolding for the invisible fold-fold and focus-fold singularities. The bifurcation diagram for each unfolding consists of two curves of bifurcation points: a curve of pseudo-Hopf bifurcation points and a curve of saddle-node bifurcation points for crossing limit cycles. We call this phenomenon the pseudo-Bautin (pB) bifurcation because of the dynamical behavior that is same as the Bautin bifurcation for smooth dynamical systems.
Ion acceleration from the interaction of ultrahigh-intensity laser pulses with near-critical density, nonuniform gas targets
Authors: Ospina-Bohórquez V. , Debayle A. , Santos J. J. , Volpe L. , Gremillet L.
Published: January 2024

Using one-dimensional, long-timescale particle-in-cell simulations, we study the processes of ion acceleration from the interaction of ultraintense (1020 W cm−2), ultrashort (30 fs) laser pulses with near-critical, nonuniform gas targets. The considered initially neutral, nitrogen gas density profiles mimic those delivered by an already developed noncommercial supersonic gas shock nozzle: they have the generic shape of a narrow (20 μm wide) peak superimposed on broad (∼1 mm, ∼180 μm scale length), exponentially decreasing ramps. While keeping its shape constant, we vary its absolute density values to identify the interaction conditions leading to collisionless shock-induced ion acceleration in the gas density ramps. We find that collisionless electrostatic shocks (CES) form when the laser pulse is able to shine through the central density peak and deposit a few 10% of its energy into it. Under our conditions, this occurs for a peak electron density between 0.35 nc and 0.7 nc. Moreover, we show that the ability of the CES to reflect the upstream ions is highly sensitive to their charge state and that the laser-induced electron pressure gradients mainly account for shock generation, thus highlighting the benefit of using sharp gas profiles, such as those produced by shock nozzles.
Optical and geometric parameter extraction across 300-mm photonic integrated circuit wafers
Authors: Butt Jordan N. , Tyndall Nathan F. , Pruessner Marcel W. , Walsh Kyle J. , Miller Benjamin L. , Fahrenkopf Nicholas M. , Antohe Alin O. , Stievater Todd H.
Published: January 2024

The precise quantification of a dielectric waveguide core thickness, core width, core refractive index, and cladding refractive index across a wafer is critical for greater consistency and accuracy in photonic circuit fabrication. However, accurate wafer-scale measurements of these parameters have not yet been demonstrated. We have previously described a method for extracting these four parameters simultaneously from silicon nitride waveguides using unbalanced Mach–Zehnder interferometers on a single die. In this work, we show that this technique can be scaled to characterize these photonic parameters across an entire 300 mm wafer. The refractive indices of the core and cladding materials are found with relative standard deviations of the mean of 0.07% and 0.03%, respectively. The core width offset (bias) and thickness are found with relative standard deviations of 0.3% (2.6 nm) and 0.5% (1.1 nm), respectively. The extracted parameter maps suggest a radial variation of material indices and a planar variation of geometric parameters. We verify the extracted parameters by accurately predicting the performance of an unbalanced Mach–Zehnder interferometer and the degeneracy between different modes in straight waveguides.
Some new decay properties of solutions for a modified Camassa–Holm equation with cubic nonlinearity
Authors: Wu Xinglong , Zhang Xin , Liu Yanan
Published: January 2024

In this article, we derive some new asymptotic properties of solution for a modified Camassa–Holm equation with cubic nonlinearity in weighted Sobolev spaces. Specifically, we prove that the strong solutions of Eq. (1.2) will maintain the corresponding decay properties provided the initial data ω0(x), ω0,x(x) decay logarithmically, algebraically and exponentially, respectively, which improves and extends the persistence properties of strong solutions to Eq. (1.2) obtained by Wu and Guo in paper [J. Math. Phys. 55, 081504 (2014)]. This method can be used to study the asymptotic decay properties for a class of Camassa–Holm equations.
Self-detection method for measurement error of capacitor voltage transformer considering conversion error
Authors: Zhu Zhang , Heng Lu , Binbin Li
Published: January 2024

The measurement error of capacitor voltage transformers (CVTs) has poor stability under the complex environment of substations. Conventionally, error detection is performed by regularly comparing the output of standard transformers, which lacks real-time performance. Moreover, CVTs are prone to operating in an out-of-tolerance state. Thus, this study first analyzes the basic principle of the CVT measurement error self-detection method based on principal component analysis under the constraints of three-phase symmetrical operating characteristics of a power system. Then, the impact of the signal conversion error of analog-to-digital conversion equipment on the self-detection results of CVT measurement errors in engineering applications is analyzed, and a multi-layer wavelet analysis signal denoising method is proposed to enhance the self-detection ability of CVT measurement errors. Finally, simulations show that the proposed method can identify an error change of 0.1%, meeting the self-detection requirements for the measurement error at 0.2 class.
High Li-ion diffusion coefficient in LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 thin films for all-solid Li-ion battery applications
Authors: Subash Sruthy , Lakshmanan Kumaresan , Vediappan Kumaran , Bharathi K. Kamala
Published: January 2024

Among various choices of high-performance cathode materials, Ni substituted LiMn2O4 spinel LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 (LMNO) has proved to be one of the solutions to yield a high-performance and high-energy density material, which can operate at a higher potential window. This study explores the high diffusion coefficient and electrochemical performance at wide current rates of LMNO thin films with less than 50 nm thickness, fabricated on SrTiO3 and SS substrates by the pulsed laser deposition method. The LMNO film with less thickness and the performance without binder and conducting carbon widen the Li-ion path and decrease diffusion length, resulting a higher diffusion coefficient on the order of 10−5 to 10−6 cm2/s, which is several orders higher than the previously obtained reports for bulk counterpart. The cycling stability and rate capability at different current densities of LMNO thin film electrodes are further investigated. Charge–discharge profile at varying current rates of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 mA/cm2 is obtained for 500 cycles. The as fabricated film shows a stable profile for 500 cycles with 1.3 and 2.3 μA h/cm2 areal discharge capacity at 25 and 5 mA current rates, respectively. Electrode interfacial properties of LMNO film (before and after cycles) are analyzed using impedance technique. This study indicates that the LMNO thin films can be employed as a cathode layer for fabricating the all-solid thin film batteries for energy applications.