bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of critically ill COVID-19 patients in Sfax, Tunisia
Authors: Bahloul Mabrouk , Kharrat Sana , Chtara Kamilia , Hafdhi Malek , Turki Olfa , Baccouche Najeh , Ammar Rania , Kallel Nozha , Hsairi Majdi , Chakroun-Walha Olfa , Hamida Chokri Ben , Chelly Hedi , Mahfoudh Khaiereddine Ben , Karoui Abelhamid , Karray Hela , Rekik Noureddine , Bouaziz Mounir
Published: August 2021

Background: Africa, like the rest of the world, has been impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, only a few studies covering this subject in Africa have been published. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of critically ill adult COVID-19 patients—all of whom had a confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection—admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Habib Bourguiba University Hospital (Sfax, Tunisia). Results: A total of 96 patients were admitted into our ICU for respiratory distress due to COVID-19 infection. Mean age was 62.4±12.8 years and median age was 64 years. Mean PaO2/FiO2 ratio was 105±60 and ≤300 in all cases but one. Oxygen support was required for all patients (100%) and invasive mechanical ventilation for 38 (40%). Prone positioning was applied in 37 patients (38.5%). Within the study period, 47 of the 96 patients died (49%). Multivariate analysis showed that the factors associated with poor outcome were the development of acute renal failure (odds ratio [OR], 6.7), the use of mechanical ventilation (OR, 5.8), and serum cholinesterase (SChE) activity lower than 5,000 UI/L (OR, 5.9). Conclusions: In this retrospective cohort study of critically ill patients admitted to the ICU in Sfax, Tunisia, for acute respiratory failure following COVID-19 infection, the mortality rate was high. The development of acute renal failure, the use of mechanical ventilation, and SChE activity lower than 5000 UI/L were associated with a poor outcome.
Physiological Character of Merremia peltata (L.) Merrill from Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park Lampung
Authors: Mardiati Yuke , Triadiati Triadiati , Tjitrosoedirdjo Soekisman
Published: August 2021

Merremia peltata invaded the vegetation of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP) in Lampung Province, Indonesia. In this site, the invasion has reached more than 7000 hectares. Therefore, it is necessary to asses the physiological characters of M. peltata as an invasive plant species under different shading level in BBSNP. The experiment design of this study was split block design with factorial. The first factor (main plot) was shading treatment that consisted of 0, 55, and 90% shades. The second factor (sub plot) was 3 species of plant that consisted of M. peltata, Mikania micrantha, and Ipomoea batatas. Each experimental unit was replicated 3 times. The result showed that the physiological characters such as carbon fixation rate (CFR), relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area ratio (LAR), photosynthetics nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) of M. peltata higher than the other two species and interconnected. Physiological characters associated with RGR can be supporting the invasiveness of M. peltata, especially in BBSNP.  Supporting invasiveness with resources allocation to leaves biosynthesis and relatively efficient nitrogen were used for photosynthesis.
The Existence of Endophytic Actinobacteria from Rhododendron zoelerri Revealed by Culture-Dependent and Culture-Independent Approaches
Authors: Lestari Yulin , Murdini Lia Aseptin , Solihin Dedy Duryadi
Published: August 2021

Endophytic actinobacteria from medicinal plant may play a significant role in producing bioactive compounds. The information regarding their diversity is an important.  Rhododendron are traditionally used for treating human disorders. One of the selected Rhododendron used in this study was R.  zoelleri from Papua origin, which has been conserved and grown in Cibodas Botanical Garden, West Java, Indonesia. The aim of this study was to assess the existence of endophytic actinobacteria from R. zoelleri based on a culture-dependent and their community structure based on a culture-independent approach. Culturable actinobacteria were isolated and cultured on HV medium. Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) targeting the metagenomic 16S rRNA was used to analyse the structure of the actinobacterial community. Six culturable endophytic actinobacteria (200 cfu/g fresh weight) from R. zoelleri were successfully isolated, three isolates from leaf, and the other isolates were obtained from stem. The six culturable isolates were RZP 1.3, RZP 1.1, RZP 2.2, RZPB 1.1, RZPB 7.1, RZPB 4.1. Based on their morphological characteristics, the endophytes have Streptomyces characters. The existence of Streptomyces spp. were also confirmed with molecular analysis based on 16S rRNA gene. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene to the reference strains available in EzTaxon-e database showed that six isolates were closely related to S. djakartensis strains of NBRC 15409ᵀ(99.19%), S. tritolerans strains of DAS 165T(99.90%), S. coelicoflavus strains of NBRC 15399T(99.59). However, they showed differences in morphological characteristics as compared with the reference strains. The metagenomic analysis of the DGGE profile based on 16S rRNA gene showed the community structure of endophytic actinobacteria from R. zoelleri which was represented by 13 DGGE bands. The bands were closely related to Agromyces, Gordonia, Microbacterium, Micromonospora, Propionibacterium, Saccharomonospora, Streptomyces which have 93.18%-100% similarity. Based on the data, it showed diversity of endophytic actinobacteria from R. zoelleri which may be further assess for their novelty and bioprospecting.
Satellite Imagery for Classification of Rice Growth Phase Using Freeman Decomposition in Indramayu, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nurtyawan Rian , Saepuloh Asep , Harto Agung Budi , Wikantika Ketut , Kondoh Akihiko
Published: August 2021

Monitoring at every growth of rice plants is an important information for determining the grain pro-duction estimation of rice. Monitoring must to be have timely work on the rice plant development. However, timely monitoring and the high accuracy of information is a challenge in remote sensing based on rice agriculture monitoring and observation. With increased quality of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems utilizing polarimetric information recently, the development and applications of polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) are one of the current major topics in radar remote sensing. The ad-vantages provided by PolSAR data for agricultural monitoring have been extensively studied for applications such as crop type classification and mapping, crop phenology monitoring, productivity assessment based on the sensitivity of polarimetric parameters to indicators of crop conditions. Freeman and Durden successfully decomposed fully PolSAR data into three components: Single bounce, double bounce, and volume scattering. The three-component scattering provide features for distinguishing between different surface cover types. These sensitivities assist in the identification of growing phase. The observed growing phase development in time series, reflected in the consistent temporal trends in scattering, was generally in agreement with crop phenological development stages. Supervised classification was performed on repeat-pass Radarsat-2 images, with an overall classification accuracy of 77.27% achieved using time series Fine beam data. The study demonstrated that Radarsat-2 Fine mode data provide useful information for crop monitoring and classification of rice plants.
Production and Characteristics of Yeast Dextranase from Soil
Authors: Hijah Vestika Iskawati Wahidul , Sunarti Titi Candra , Meryandini Anja
Published: August 2021

The existence of dextran in sugar cane juice is a major problem in the sugar industry, causing substantial losses. Treatment of dextran through enzymatic hydrolysis using dextranase is highly recommended as the most suitable method at this time because this is more effective and more economical. This study investigated the production and characterization of dextranase from local isolate yeast to degrade dextran on sugar cane juice. The selected yeast was identified on the basis of molecular identification. Dextranase was produced from the culture with the best carbon and nitrogen sources then was characterized. Application of enzyme was also evaluated. As a selected isolate, F4 had the closest relationship with Pichia kudriavzevii. The highest production of dextranase was induced by the supplementation of glucose and combination of yeast extract and peptone. The enzyme had optimum working condition at pH 7, temperature at 30°C and it is more stable at 4°C of storage temperature. The cation Na+ played key role as co-factor while K+ and Ca2+ were detected as inhibitor of the enzyme. Dextranase from F4 isolate can hydrolyze dextran both in pure and in mixed dextran substrate, but with a lower hydrolysis rate.
Genetic Variation of Calpastation Gene of Indigenous Bali Cattle (Bos javanicus) in Indonesia
Authors: Margawati Endang Tri , Volkandari Slamet Diah , Indriawati Indriawati , Svensson Emma M.
Published: August 2021

Calpastatin is one of gene markers affecting meat tenderness. The study aimed to evaluate genetic variation of calpastatin (CAST) gene of Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) in lndonesia. A total of 61 samples consisting of 21 Bali cattle, 22 Ongole cattle (Bos indicus), and 18 Friesian Holstein (FH) cattle (Bos taurus) were applied. The Ongole and FH cattle were involved for breed comparison. DNA was extracted from fresh blood using a High Salt method and measured their quality by a Spectrophotometer. A 523 bp of Calpastatin gene fragment was amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique with RsaI restriction enzyme for genotyping. Result showed that two variants alleles (C and G) and three genotypes (CC, GC, GG) were found in those Bali, Ongole and FH samples. Allele G was dominant allele with the highest G allele was in Bali cattle population (0.88). The higher percentage of allele C was found in Ongole and Friesian Holstein compared to that in Bali cattle. The Ongole breed tends to have a potential source of lean meat quality. This finding identified that genetic variation of CAST gene was exist in Bali cattle and adapted cattle of Ongole and FH in Indonesian.
Identification of Banana Plants from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) Photos Using Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA) Method (A Case Study in Sayang Village, Jatinangor District, West Java)
Authors: Harto Agung Budi , Prastiwi Prila Ayu Dwi , Ariadji Farah Nafisa , Suwardhi Deni , Dwivany Fenny M. , Nuarsa I Wayan , Wikantika Ketut
Published: August 2021

Banana is one of the leading fruit commodities of Indonesia and ranks the sixth position as one of the largest banana producers in the world. There are more than 200 types of banana in Indonesia. The utilization of bananas is influenced by the local culture, where in every 10 horticultural households, 5 of them plant bananas both as garden plants or field plants. This horticultural crop is expectantly being one of the actions to improve economic prosperity especially in rural areas. In maintaining the diversity of the growing bananas in rural areas, a geospatial approach to identify the vegetation is required. Remote sensing technology is one of the solutions to observe and to develop banana plants with one of the methods namely Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA). This method consists of segmentation, classification, and validation. In classification process, the OBIA method distinguishes objects not only based on pixel values but also on the basis of the shape, area, and texture around them. This research has proven that the classification using OBIA method is better than the traditional classification such as maximum likelihood classification method to identify banana plants. OBIA method can quickly identifies the vegetation and non-vegetation, also the regular plants and banana plants.
Phytochemical, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of Anthurium Hookerii leaves Extracts
Authors: Sariwati Atmira , Fitri Inayah , Purnomo Adi Setyo , Fatmawati Sri
Published: August 2021

Many plants of the family of Araceae possess significant benefit as medicinal plants. Anthurium hookerii is herbaceous genus of the family of Araceae. A. hookerii leaves were extracted with five dissimilarity solvents (methanolic, water, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and dichloromethane). The extracts were evaluated for their phytochemical, total phenolic contents, and antibacterial potential. The presences of tannins and saponins were found in all crude extracts. The steroid was only found in dichloromethane extract, whereas flavonoid was obtained in methanol and water extracts. Besides; methanol, ethyl acetate, water, and n-hexane extracts showed triterpenoid contents. Alkaloid presences in ethyl acetate, methanolic, dichloromethane, and water extracts. The total phenol content was examined by Follin-Ciocalteu assay, which varied from 9.52-76.56 mg/g GAE. The highest total phenolic was found in methanol extract. Antioxidant activity was calculated based on diphenyl picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging ability that showed the scavenging activity with range 7.24-66.11%, which the methanoilic extract have the excellent antioxidant potential (IC50 232.90 µg/ml). Antibacterial activity of leaves extracts of A. hookerii was screened based on disc diffusion method. Water extract showed the wide spectrum antibacterial potential. Klebsiella sp., Bacillus subtilis, Pripioni agnes, and Strepticoccus mutans with maximum diameter of inhibition zone 10.30, 14.20, 9.60, and 15.10 mm, respectively.
Monitoring Sugarcane Growth Phases Based on Satellite Image Analysis (A Case Study in Indramayu and its Surrounding, West Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Susantoro Tri Muji , Wikantika Ketut , Harto Agung Budi , Suwardi Deni
Published: August 2021

This study is intended to examine the growing phases and the harvest of sugarcane crops. The growing phases is analyzed with remote sensing approaches. The remote sensing data employed is Landsat 8. The vegetation indices of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (ENDVI) are employed to analyze the growing phases and the harvest of sugarcane crops. Field survey was conducted in March and August 2017. The research results shows that March is the peak of the third phase (Stem elonging phase or grand growth phase), the period from May to July is the fourth phase (maturing or ripening phase), and the period from August to October is the peak of harvest. In January, the sugarcane crops begin to grow and some sugarcane crops enter the third phase again. The research results also found the sugarcane plants that do not grow well near the oil and gas field. This condition is estimated due as the impact of hydrocarbon microseepage. The benefit of this research is to identify the sugarcane growth cycle and harvest. Having knowing this, it will be easier to plan the seed development and crops transport.
Androgynomonoecious Jatropha curcas: Chromosomes, Isozymes, and Flowers Gender
Authors: Triadiati Triadiati , Kurniati Kurniati , Widyastuti Utut , Dasumiati Dasumiati
Published: August 2021

Jatropha curcas (J. curcas) is usually monoecious plants, which have male and female flowers on the same inflorescence. However, J. curcas can be found as an androgynomonoecious plant (have male, female, and hermaphrodite flowers), even though very rare. Androgynomonoecious J. curcas can be identified after six months of planting when it had started flowering. Therefore, it is important to identify the characteristics of androgynomonoecious J. curcas that can differentiate between androgynomonoecious and monoecious plants in earlier stages of growth. The objectives of the research were to observe isozymes, chromosome and flowers gender of androgynomonoecious and monoecious J. curcas Banten and Lampung accessions. Seeds from five genotypes of J. curcas were used in the research. The observation was carried out on the chromosome and isozymes (Peroxidase and Esterase isozymes) could be used as markers to differentiate androgynomonoecious and monoecious plants. Observations about the flower gender from offsprings derived from different seeds were important to know the inheritance of flower gender. The androgynomonoecious and monoecious J. curcas were diploid with number of chromosomes 2n=2x=22. The chromosomes of androgynomonoecious have longer than that of monoecious J. curcas. The isozymes of androgynomonoecious J. curcas had four alleles and monoecious J. curcas (Banten female monoecious) had three alleles. The flower inflorescence and gender derived from androgynomonoecious plants were unstable, due to androgynomonoecious is intermediate state.
Physiological Value of Heart Rate, Respiration and Rectal Temperature of Wild-Captive Dugong (Dugong dugon)–A Case Study in Lingayan Island
Authors: Satyaningtijas Aryani Sismin , Suprayogi Agik , Nurdin Ardiansyah , Darusman Huda S.
Published: August 2021

This study aims to obtain the physiological value of dugongs that live in natural habitats (in-situ) as protected wildlife, namely on the coast of Lingayan Island, Toli-Toli Regency. Wild dugongs caught on the beach were put into a net cage. After 14 days of living in a beach cage, measurements of heart rate, respiration, and body temperature were measured using non-invasive methods. This study showed that the value of heart rate, respiration, and body temperature were measured (80.00±17.32) beats/minutes, (17.33±6.80) inspiration/minute, and (32.75±0.07)°C. This physiological value is higher when compared to dugongs that live in captivity, this is likely due to the process of homeostasis through physiological adaptation mechanisms. The physiological value of the dugong is very important for the advancement of dugong animal health science and technology. Besides this finding can be a medical reference that is very useful for veterinarians in the diagnostic and therapeutic process.
Activity and Stability of the Alcohol Biosensor Using Acetobacter aceti Biofilm on Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode
Authors: Iswantini Dyah , Indahsari Fitriani , Maddu Akhiruddin , Nurhidayat Novik , Purwaningsih Henny , Sugiarti Sri
Published: August 2021

Most of the alcohol analytical methods are robust and instrumentally expensive. An alternative of ethanol biosensor based on selected biofilm forming Acetobacter aceti bacteria producing alcohol oxidase was constructed on a screen-printed carbon electrode. The enzyme specifically oxidizes the ethanol and generate electrical current that then electrochemically detected and measured by cyclic voltammetry method. A scanning electron microscopic analysis indicated that the biofilm was formed firmly in the electrode. This constructed biosensor reached its optimum at biofilm formed by bacteria of 1.33 × 1010 cells/ml, temperature of 27°C, and pH 7. The enzyme kinetic had KM and Vmax AOX values of 3.5 mm and 125 μA respectively. The biosensor had detection and quantization limit of 0.003 and 0.009%, respectively, and a sensitivity of 57.29 μA (%)-1. A linearity and relative deviation value were revealed at 0.993 and 1.95% respectively. The biosensor was relatively specific and had no interferences with methanol, sodium chloride and citric acid as the common interferences of ethanol compounds. Furthermore, the biosensor had been stably for at least 55 days. Therefore, this constructed biosensor should be developed into a prototype for a practical effective analysis.
Impact of Methanotrophic and N2O-reducing Bacterial Inoculation on CH4 and N2O Emissions, Paddy Growth and Bacterial Community Structure in Paddy Field
Authors: Fatma Yuli Siti , Rusmana Iman , Wahyudi Aris Tri , Hamim Hamim
Published: August 2021

Paddy field is one of the anthropogenic sources that produce greenhouse gases emission. This study aimed to investigate the impact of methanotrophic and N2O-reducing bacterial inoculation on CH4 and N2O emissions, paddy growth and bacterial community structure in paddy field. Two treatments of 100% synthetic fertilizer (250 kg urea/ha) without biofertilizer and 50% synthetic fertilizer (125 kg urea/ha) with biofertilizer consisted of methanotrophic and N2O-reducing bacteria were applied in the paddy field. Inoculation of methanotrophic and N2O-reducing bacteria was able to reduce CH4 and N2O emission up to 4.19 mg CH4/m2/day and 351.29 µg N2O/m2/day, respectively. Those bacterial applications were also able to increase paddy growth and yield productivity. According to DGGE profile, inoculation of the biofertilizer seemed to have a transient impact on bacterial communities in paddy soil at 36 days after transplanting (DAT) which showed the lowest similarity with all samples (a similarity index of 0.68). DGGE bands successfully excised have closest relative to uncultured bacteria which comprised 5 phyla, i.e. Proteobacteria (Alphaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria), Nitrospirae, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Acidobacteria. In this study, Alphaproteobacteria was the most dominant phylum. We provide  basic information for developing the biofertilizer which supports sustainable agriculture.
Identification and Histological Observation of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Medicinal Plant, Physalis angulata L.
Authors: Hastuti Utami Sri , Sulisetijono Sulisetijono , Rahmawati Dwi , Sari Ria Yustika , Hartono Sugi , Thoyibah Chomisatut , Maulita Fitria , Ningsih Faiza Nur Imawati , Pratiwi Siti Hartina
Published: August 2021

Some endophytic fungi species live in medicinal plant tissue and does not make any damage, but live in symbiotic mutualism relationship with the host plant. This research was done to: 1) identify the endophytic fungi species isolated from P. angulata leaf, twig, and stem bark tissues, 2) determine the endophytic fungi colonization in the P. angulata plant tissue by histologic observation. The endophytic fungi was isolated from healthy P. angulata plant parts, then inoculated on Potato Dextrose Agar medium and incubated in 27°C for 7-14 days. Each endophytic fungi isolates were identified. The histologic observation was done by microscopic observation to determine the endophytic fungi position in the plant tissue. The conclusion are: 1) seven endophytic fungi species were found: Penicillium verrucosum, Colletotrichum alienum, Fusarium subglutinans, Aspergillus nidulans, Mycelia sterilia 1, Mycelia sterilia 2, and Rhizoctonia sp.; 2) the endophytic fungi micelium was found on the leaf epidermis cell wall, on the twig epidermis cell wall, and parenchyma cell wall, on the stem bark epidermis cell wall. The suggestion of the study: it is need to make the next research about secondary metabolites content produced by endophytic fungi species isolated from P. angulata and their antimicrobial activity.
Identification of Potential Bacteria on Several Lakes in East Java, Indonesia Based on 16S rRNA Sequence Analysis
Authors: Rodiansyah Achmad , Mahmudah Ainul Fitria , Ulfah Mastika Marisahani , Rohmawati Uun , Listyorini Dwi , Suyono Eko Agus , Prabaningtyas Sitoresmi
Published: August 2021

Four bacterial isolates from Ranu Pani and Ranu Grati in east java had been revealed to be potentials to produce IAA (PIS isolate), phosphate solubilizer (GPS isolate), cellulose hydrolysis (PSS isolate) and, amylum hydrolysis (PAS), two dominant bacterial isolates from Rani Pani (PØD isolate) and Ranu Grati (GØD isolate) which were co-cultured with microalgae promoted microalgae growth, yet its taxonomical position has not been clearly known. The aim of this study was to identify those bacterial isolates using 16S rRNA barcode. This research conducted by gDNA isolation, the 16S rRNA sequence was amplified using 27F and 1492R primers. Reconstructed phylogenetic trees and genetic distance analysis showed that the isolate PIS and PSS identified as Bacillus cereus Group closely related to Bacillus paramycoides. PAS isolate identified as Bacillus subtilis Group closely related to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, GPS isolate identified as novel species in genus Enterobacter, and two dominant isolates (PØD and GØD) identified as Enterobacter cloacae complex closely related to Enterobacter cloacae. The genomic approach and additional phenotypes-examination are required to clarify its taxonomical position.
Analysis of Genetic Potential of Banyuwangi Local Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Based on Relative Expression of Homogentisate Geranylgeranyl Transferase (HGGT) and Granule-Bound Starch Synthase I (GBSSI) Gene
Authors: Pratita Dyati Galuh , Milasari Tita Putri , Khasna Elhah Nailul , Sunarmi Sunarmi , Susanti Evi , Suharti Suharti , Pangesti Delia Wahyu , Sabatia Annasa , Listyorini Dwi
Published: August 2021

Rice nutrition including vitamin and amylose contents become important aspect for many people around the world. Rice with high amylose content (low glycemic index) is good for those with Diabetes mellitus. Tocotrienol, one precursor of Vitamin-E biosynthesis is catalyzed by enzymes encoded HGGT, while amylose biosynthesis is catalyzed by enzymes encoded GBSSI. The objective of this study was to find rice varieties with high tocotrienol and/or amylose content based on the expression of HGGT and GBSSI among eight Banyuwangi local rice varieties. Relative expression of HGGT and GBSSI was measured by qRT-PCR and analyzed using 2ΔCt method. Statistical analysis resulted in the significantly different of HGGT and GBSSI relative expression among samples. Relative expression of HGGT from the highest to the lowest were demonstrated by Hitam Melik, Hitam Pekat, Blambangan A3, Merah Bali, Blambangan A2, Berlian, Janur Kuning, and SOJ A3, respectively; while relative expression of GBSSI from the highest to the lowest were demonstrated by Hitam Melik, Hitam Pekat, SOJ A3, Janur Kuning, Berlian, Merah Bali, Blambangan A3, and Blambangan A2, respectively. Based on this research we conclude that Hitam Melik potentially produces higher tocotrienol and lower glycemic index than other studied varieties.
Anthropometric indices as novel markers of risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Nigerian adults in Zamfara State
Authors: Aguh Ikenna Bruno , Sani Zurmi Rabiu , Ohaleme Lynda Chinanu , Agba Andover Alfred
Published: August 2021

Body mass index (BMI) has traditionally been used as an indicator of body size measure and composition. Although, other measures of adiposity of the abdomen such as waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), neck circumference (NC) have been suggested as being superior to BMI in predicting disease outcome. This study was designed to compare different anthropometric variables in term of their ability to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This was a case-control study in 240 participants involving 120 verified T2DM cases and 120 non-diabetics as control. Age, gender and anthropometric data were collected from each participant. Logistic regression models were used with areas under the receiver operating characteristic (AROC) curve to compare the variables predictive statistics. The AROC of WHR to identify T2DM patients was 0.678 (P<0.05), with sensitivity 62.5% of and specificity of 60.8%. The AROC for average arm circumference (AAC) model is 0.649 with sensitivity of 55.8% followed by BMI model (AROC 0.635) and WC model (AROC 0.600) (P<0.05). Hip circumference (HC) (AROC 0.508) and NC (AROC 0.492) models were not significant predictors of T2DM. Subjects of ≥60 years, AAC value ≥32.6 cm, BMI value ≥ 30 kg/m2, and WHR value ≥ 0.93 were at significantly (P<0.05) higher odds of developing T2DM than lower subjects with lower values. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the mean HC and NC values between the diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. The non-diabetic subjects have significantly (P>0.05) higher mean height value than the diabetic subjects. Measures of generalized and central obesity were significantly associated with increased risk of developing T2DM. This study revealed that WHR can predict type 2 diabetes mellitus risk more accurately than other anthropometric measures and can thus be helpful in predicting patients with future occurrence of diabetes and providing necessary interventions
Incidence and relative abundance of rice stem borers in three selected rice fields in Lagos and Ogun States, Nigeria
Authors: Adewoye Bolajoko Bolarinwa , Anikwe Joseph Chuks , Makanjuola Winifred Ayinke
Published: August 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the incidence of rice stem borer infestations and the species composition present in the selected rice fields. Data were collected between April 2017 and November 2018 across three locations, which include the upland rice field in Agbajege, Ogun state, rainfed lowland in Itoikin and Mangrove swamp in Igbogun, Lagos state, respectively. The incidence of rice stem borers was indicated by dead heart and white heads symptoms, while tillers were excised for rice stem borer identification and population. Results showed a high and low incidence of rice stem borers with no significant difference(p>0.05) at p= 0.29 and 0.37 between the early and late planting seasons in the rainfed lowland and upland rice fields respectively. Planting seasons were significant in the incidence of rice stem borers in mangrove swamp rice fields at p<0.05, p=0.01). This study showed that the predominant species of rice stem borers present in the three study sites were Chilo zacconius and Sesamia calamistis. C. zacconius was the most abundant species at 89% while S. calamistis was 11%. Rice stem borer populations were significantly higher at (p<0.05, p=0.000) in flooded zones while the highest rice stem borer populations were observed at the reproductive phase of the rice plants. Thisstudy showed that the planting seasons coincided with the peak period of the development of rice stem borers. Hence, conservation of natural enemies, monitoring and surveillance should be adopted in insect pest management in rice agroecosystems
Estimation of Socioeconomic Status and Rainwater Consumption in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Adeosun Kehinde Paul , Omonona Bolarin Titus
Published: August 2021

The study examined the influence of socioeconomic factors on the utilization of rainwater among households in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo-State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire from 126 randomly selected households. A double-hurdle estimation model using Ordered Probit with sample selection and Probit-Truncated Negative Binomial model were used. The findings of the study indicated that the sex of the household head, marital status, female household size, education, occupation, size of rainwater collection material, root-top structure are important determinants of extent of rainwater usage. Male headed household, education, and size of rainwater collection material positively and significantly influenced the frequency of rainwater usage, while sex and occupation inversely and significantly influenced the frequency of rainwater usage. Likewise, education, size of rainwater collection material, roof-top structure positively associated with the number of uses of rainwater. The study concludes that the socioeconomic status of the household is an important determining factor in the harvesting and utilization of rainwater. Therefore, policy on rainwater harvesting and usage should consider the significant socioeconomic factors of the household as a starting point in the decision process.
Women Farmers Perception of Information Dissemination Skills among Agricultural Extension Workers in North Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Umar Abdulmumini , Norsida Man , Nitty Hirawaty Kamarulzaman , Nur Bahiah Mohd Haris
Published: August 2021

This study examined the perception of rural women farmers on information dissemination skills of agricultural extension workers. Using multistage sampling procedure 378 respondents were randomly selected from the population of 6758 women farmers. Questionnaire was administered to the sampled farmers. Data were analysed using mean, and standard deviation. Findings reveals that women farmers participated moderately in agricultural practices with overall mean value of 2.65. Also, agricultural extension workers had a lower level of information dissemination skill in dealing with women farmers with overall mean value of 2.25. There is the need for training and retraining of extension workers to boost their skills for information delivery to women farmers. Extension programme for rural women should be designed to ensure extension workers are well informed and knowledgeable enough to work with them.
The Influence of Work Motivation on Organizational Commitment Among Civil Servants of Kazakhstan: Analyzing the Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction
Authors: Sagituly Gaziz , Guo Junhua
Published: August 2021

One of the priority directions of administrative reforms that take place in the Republic of Kazakhstan is the enhancement of civil service effectiveness. And, the success of reforms will mostly be determined by the condition of civil service, which depends on the performance of civil servants. Taking into consideration the importance of motivated and satisfied employees on their commitment, this study was aimed to identify the relationship between motivation and job satisfaction on employees’ commitment and studying the mediating role of job satisfaction on the relationship of civil servants’ motivation and organizational commitment in the central and local executive bodies in Kazakhstan. In total, 1205 civil servants from 5 ministries and 4 regional administration completed a questionnaire adapted from previous studies. The results show significant relationships exist between work motivation dimensions and organizational commitment as well as work motivation and job satisfaction. Moreover, the study found the mediating effect of job satisfaction on the hypothesized relationships. This paper contributes to the existing human resources literature on employees’ commitment and guides management on how to improved employees’ job satisfaction and employee’s commitment.
La catégorie de la réticence et un retour au récit dans l’écriture de Jean-Philippe Toussaint. Une introduction
Authors: Czerkies Dorota
Published: August 2021

The Category of Reticence and a Return to the Story in Jean-Philippe Toussaint’s Writing. An Introduction The article presents the function of reticence in Jean-Philippe Toussaint’s writing in the context of the return to the story in francophone literature, initiated in the 80s of the 20th c. Jean-Philippe Toussaint is a contemporary Belgian writer, photographer and film-maker. He has written twelve novels and short stories, as well as authored films and installations. Belonging to the generation of minimalist writers, Toussaint sets his use of reticence in the context of the tendency to return to Genette’s category of story (récit). Since the publication of his novel La Réticence (1991) reticence has become the key category of his écriture. In his books, it shapes the form, the narration and the plot, the construction of characters, temporality, and space. Thus, its function in Toussaint’s writing enables us to observe idiosyncratic aspects of his “infinitesimalist” texts which play with the canonical, realistic model of the novel. Kategoria „powściągliwości” (réticence) i powrót do opowieści w pisarstwie Jeana-Philippe’a Toussainta. Wprowadzenie Artykuł stanowi próbę omówienia kategorii powściągliwości (fr. réticence) w prozie Jeana-Philippe’a Toussainta w kontekście powrotu do opowieści w literaturze frankofońskiej, zapoczątkowanego w latach 80. XX wieku. Jean-Philippe Toussaint to współczesny belgijski pisarz, fotograf i filmowiec. Napisał m.in. dwanaście powieści i kilka zbiorów krótkich form, jest także autorem filmów i instalacji. Jako przedstawiciel pokolenia pisarzy minimalistycznych Toussaint osadza wykorzystanie powściągliwości w kontekście zjawiska powrotu do genette’owskiej kategorii opowiadania (fr. récit). Od czasu publikacji powieści La Réticence (1991) powściągliwość stała się kluczową kategorią Toussaintowskiego pisarstwa. W jego utworach kształtuje formę, narrację i fabułę, ale także konstrukcję postaci, czasowość i przestrzeń. W ten sposób status omawianej kategorii w twórczości Toussainta umożliwia analizę poszczególnych, a zarazem charakterystycznych dla tego twórcy aspektów textes infinitésimalistes, które podejmują grę z modelem balzakowskiej powieści realistycznej.
«Немецкая Казань»: имагологический анализ художественных произведений Гузель Яхиной
Authors: Kuhn Michael
Published: August 2021

German Kazan”: Imagological Analysis of Guzel Yakhina’s Literary Works|
The capital of the Republic of Tatarstan is a multicultural city. It is a combination of “Russian,” “Tatar” and, not least, “German elements”. The writer Guzel Yakhina has repeatedly addressed this cultural diversity in her literary works. In them a native of Kazan explores the past and present of the city. Excellent knowledge of German language and culture allows her to study in detail the “German trace” in the history of the capital of Tatarstan to determine its status. The article offers a brief imagological analysis of the images of “German Kazan” presented in the novel Zuleikha and the essay Garden on the Border, or the Garden “Russian Switzerland”. The imagological study conducted at the macro-, meso- and micro-levels shows that in Yakhina’s literary works the images of “German Kazan” are equivalent to the images of “Russian Kazan” or “Tatar Kazan.” The “German elements” are firmly rooted inthe texture of the city and have been an integral part of its cultural code for several centuries. At the same time, following the novel and the essay, they do not have the status of an exotic “foreign,” but a familiar “other.”

„Niemiecki Kazań”: imagologiczna analiza utworów Guzel Jachiny
Stolica Republiki Tatarstanu to miasto wielokulturowe. To połączenie „rosyjskiego”, „tatarskiego” i, co nie mniej ważne, „niemieckiego” pierwiastka. Pisarka Guzel Jachina wielokrotnie odnosiła się do tej różnorodności kulturowej w swoich tekstach literackich. Rdzenny mieszkaniec Kazania odkrywa w nich przeszłość i teraźniejszość miasta. Doskonała znajomość języka i kultury niemieckiej pozwala autorce na szczegółowe zbadanie „niemieckiego śladu” w historii stolicy Tatarstanu w celu określenia jego statusu. Artykuł zawiera krótką analizę imagologiczną obrazów „niemieckiego Kazania”, przedstawionych w powieści Zulejkaotwiera oczy i eseju Ogród na granicy, czyli Ogród „Rosyjska Szwajcaria”. Badania imago-logiczne, przeprowadzone na poziomach makro-, mezo- i mikro-, pokazują, że w dziełach literackich Jachiny obrazy „niemieckiego Kazania” są równoważne obrazom „rosyjskiego Kazania” czy „tatarskiego Kazania”. „Elementy niemieckie” są mocno zakorzenione w strukturze miasta i od kilku stuleci stanowią integralną część jego kodu kulturowego. Jednocześnie, w powieści i eseju, nie mają one statusu egzotycznego Obcego, ale znajomego Innego.
A Greek-speaking Jew in the land of the Ḥimyarites?
Authors: le Roux Magdel
Published: August 2021

Some scholars believe that ‘genuine’ Jews were present in Yemen as early as the 10th to the 6 th century BCE. The Ḥimyarite Kingdom saw another phase of Judaization between the 4th and 6th centuries CE. The history of Judaism in Southern Arabia is interlinked with the other two major religions of our time, namely Christianity and Islam, both of which were also practised in the area. The spread of the religions was inevitable as the interconnectedness of cultures and religions increased through political and trade relationships. This paper focuses on the nature of the ‘non-converted’ Jewish community in Yemen. The discovery of a Greek inscription in the ruins of a synagogue at Qanī (South Yemen) adds additional knowledge about the nature of the Jews of Ḥimyar. Is this an isolated case? When and where were the Jews exposed to the Greek culture? In 1936 and 1937, Mazar revealed a remarkable system of tombs in Bĕţ Śĕ̕̕̕ ‘ārīm (Qiryat Tib’on) in northern Israel (near Haifa) and showed that these tombs were those of the Jews of Ḥimyar. The cemetery served as a burial place for Jews from various regions after the diaspora in late antiquity. It is furthermore ‘notable that the inscriptions
at the Ḥimyari tombs in Bĕţ Śĕ̕̕̕ ‘ārīm are in Greek, next to an interlacing of Epigraphic South Arabian script. Apparently, it often happened that Jews of Ḥimyar sent the bodies of their relatives to be buried in Israel. A review and analysis of the historical literature will be employed. An epigraphic and archaeological approach illuminates this investigation.
ВОПРОСЫ ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
Authors: Ирина В.Р. , Екатерина А.Ц.
Published: August 2021

В статье рассмотрены различные правовые вопросы, связанные с выдачей исполнительного листа, последствиями ошибочного взыскания в пользу ненадлежащего получателя денежных средств, некоторые проблемы идентификации должника по исполнительному листу на основании как теории, так и судебной практики. Уделено внимание складывающейся судебной практике по взысканию астрента (судебной неустойки) в делах исполнительного производства.
Debtor’s Remove from the State Register during Enforcement Proceedings
Authors: Плешанова О.П.
Published: August 2021

В статье исследуется Постановление Конституционного Суда РФ от 21 мая 2021 года № 20-П. Оно посвящено проблемам субсидиарной ответственности контролирующих лиц должника, исключенного из Единого государственного реестра юридических лиц (ЕГРЮЛ). Одновременно Конституционный Суд выявил коллизию между внесудебной процедурой исключения юридических лиц из ЕГРЮЛ как недействующих и исполнительным производством, в период осуществления которого произошло исключение должника из ЕГРЮЛ. Конституционный Суд сформулировал стандарт оценки поведения взыскателя, являющегося потребителем, что в перспективе может изменить стандарты оценки ответственности государства за действия (бездействие) органов принудительного исполнения.

The article exams the Russian Constitutional Courts’ decision # 20-П from the 21th of May, 2021. This decision concerns the subsidiary liability of controlling persons of the debtor removed from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities (the Register). At the same time the Constitutional Court has revealed the collision between the extrajudicial procedure allowing to remove from the Register of debtors have been supported inoperative and the enforcement proceedings, during the period of which the debtor was excluded from the Register. The Constitutional Court has formulated a standard for assessing the behavior of a claimant who is a consumer, which in the long term may change the standards for assessing the state's responsibility for the actions (inaction) of the enforcement authorities.
В поисках более эффективной модели исполнения судебных решений и актов иных органов: сквозь призму опыта Республики Казахстан
Authors: Галина Д.У. , Баян Х.Б.
Published: August 2021

Создание эффективной системы исполнения актов судов, иных органов и должностных лиц является одной из важных задач для любого государства, поскольку именно в процессе исполнительного производства осуществляется реальная защита нарушенного или оспоренного права. Действенность исполнительного производства, как известно, во многом зависит от эффективности избранной модели исполнения. Многие авторы отмечают перспективность и успешность частноправовой модели исполнения исполнительных документов, основанной на статусе судебного пристава как свободного профессионала. При этом выбор той или иной системы исполнения объясняется многими особенностями и факторами. В настоящей статье анализируются некоторые результаты внедрения института частных исполнителей в Республике Казахстан, а также высказывается позиция авторов о перспективах внедрения института частных судебных приставов-исполнителей в России в свете последних обсуждений данной проблемы предпринимательским сообществом и на уровне государственных органов. Полагаем, что опыт Казахстана позволит выявить оптимальные пути для проведения безболезненной реформы системы органов исполнительного производства в России.
The Method of Communication System Fault Diagnosis Based on Deep Belief Net
Authors: Li Juan , Chen Bin
Published: August 2021

To meet the need of fault diagnosis for military communication system, an effective method based on deep belief (DBN) net is proposed. During the fault diagnosis, the bottom layer of DBN model is used to receive the input fault signals to extract the fault features and the fault classification results will be outputted after softmax classified. Accordingly, algorithms for DBN model and training and RBM parameter learning have been designed. To reduce the running time, parallel solutions based on MapReduce framework have been provided. In order to test and verify the effect of DBN fault diagnosis, the communication experiment system is built in the laboratory which the output signals of the transmitter and the receiver are measured and collected as the original data for further learning and training. Compared with the traditional fault diagnosis methods, it can be found that DBN method has high accuracy in fault diagnosis and the process is simple and friendly. It is impossible to realize real-time diagnosis and online diagnosis for the communication system. The research can be applicated to the health management of communication equipment, and it will provide advanced technical support and software program for the health of communication equipment
“We Believe the Bible”
Authors: Wong Briana
Published: August 2021

Christianity is a small but growing minority in Cambodia, accounting for only about 3% of the population yet growing there at a rate faster than in any other country in Southeast Asia. In Cambodian Christian communities, it is not uncommon to find more women than men in the churches. Cambodian boys often spend a brief period of their youth as novice monks at Theravada Buddhist monasteries, during which time they have the opportunity to become familiar with the Pali language and holy texts. Girls are not afforded this same opportunity, as there are no nuns (bhikkhuni) in contemporary Theravada. Within the Christian community in Cambodia, women carry out much of the service work in the churches, but only rarely are they invited to preach, let alone to become pastors—as is the case in much of the world. This article, based on interviews and participant observation with evangelical churches in Cambodia in 2019, demonstrates the ways in which ministry carried out by women has been characterized by courageous creativity, empowered through physical distance, and undergirded by a resoluteness of vocation.
Finding Balance and Harmony
Authors: Lim Benita
Published: August 2021

As Christianity arrived on the shores of Singapore closely following British colonization, Western missionaries introduced their interpretation of the Holy Communion into a foreign land and space that was experiencing its first brushes with Western modernity. Contemporaneously, the movement of modernity continues to make an impact upon an important element of life closely intertwined with religious folk practices and culture of locals: food. In the face of modernizing foodscapes and primordial religious backgrounds, converts from Chinese religious traditions to Christianity find themselves navigating the dissonance of Western Holy Communion theologies with the Chinese philosophies of food. How might churches in Singapore begin to respond to the tensions arising when these two philosophical systems meet, and when Christians and churches seem to appropriate “syncretistic” theologies into their liturgical behavior? This article undertakes an interdisciplinary effort by employing social science to explore the modernizing of food in Singapore, as well as engaging Chinese philosophies of food and the body to explain tensions among converts from Chinese religious traditions, and the resistance of local churches towards Chinese understandings of food rituals in the partaking of the Holy Communion. It will also briefly propose that interdisciplinary studies, including liturgical studies, will be essential in developing a more robust theology of the Holy Communion among churches, thereby enhancing its witness within and without.