bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A neural-ODE based continuous glucose monitoring measurements forecasting approach with knowledge distillation
Authors: Xing Yuting , Ye Hangting , Cao Wei , Zheng Shun , Bian Jiang , Guo Yike
Published: March 2023

Background: With the increasing use and growing popularity of insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring(CGM) devices, more reliable sources of data could be obtained to lead to better glucose control, treatment decision and diabetes management. The critical challenge of diabetes management is to develop accurate algorithms that can predict future blood glucose trends and manage the amount of insulin. However, in reality, continuous glucose monitoring(CGM) data is unavailable and difficult to acquire in some scenarios: for example, most type-2 diabetic patients only measure their finger sticks which are far more sparse than CGM. Few work studies glucose prediction when such continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data is unavailable. Therefore, in this paper, we investigated the possibility of predicting the dense continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) levels purely based on sporadic self-monitoring signals such as finger sticks.
Results: We proposed a novel neural ordinary differential equation (neural ODE) based method BGKD-ODE for forecasting continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and the fundamental idea of this method is to use neural networks to learn the underlying dynamics of blood glucose metabolism in a data-driven manner. Since most of the machine learning methods can not handle such sparse data, to alleviate the training difficulty due to the data sparsity, we integrate the expert knowledge of the existing physiological model into our model. Experiments on real-world data demonstrate the strength of BGKD-ODE in accurately predicting long-term continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) levels only based on sporadic finger sticks.
Conclusion: Our proposed method BGKD-ODE could be employed to obtain better insights into foresting blood glucose trends of T1DM patients. Furthermore, in the future, this model can be extended easily to type 2 diabetes with modification on reliable field knowledge.
Cumulative effect of impaired fasting glucose on the risk of dementia in middle-aged and elderly people: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Yu Jin , Lee Kyu-Na , Kim Hun-Sung , Han Kyungdo , Lee Seung-Hwan
Published: March 2023

The relationship between prediabetes and dementia remains controversial. We aimed to examine the association between cumulative exposure to impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and the risk of dementia in the general population. 1,463,066 middle-aged and elderly subjects who had had health examinations for four consecutive years were identified from a Korean nationwide population-based cohort database. IFG was defined as fasting blood glucose 100–125 mg/dL, and the risk of dementia—according to the number of IFG exposure (range 0–4)—was analyzed using the multivariable Cox proportional-hazards model. During the median 6.4 years of follow-up, 7,614 cases of all-cause dementia, 5,603 cases of Alzheimer’s disease, and 1,257 cases of vascular dementia occurred. There was a significant trend towards a higher risk of all-cause dementia (P for trend = 0.014) and Alzheimer’s disease (P for trend = 0.005) according to the cumulative exposure to IFG, but with a modest (approximately 7 to 14%) increase in the hazards. A significant stepwise increase in the risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease was seen in non-obese subjects, whereas no significant association was observed in obese subjects. This study supports the association between prediabetes and incident dementia and emphasizes that even mild hyperglycemia should not be overlooked.
Regulation of Base Excision Repair during Adipogenesis and Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Kim Min , Jang Hyun-Jin , Baek Song-Yi , Choi Kyung-Jin , Han Dong-Hee , Sung Jung-Suk
Published: March 2023

Bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) can differentiate into various lineages, such as chondrocytes, adipocytes, osteoblasts, and neuronal lineages. It has been shown that the high-efficiency DNA-repair capacity of hMSCs is decreased during their differentiation. However, the underlying its mechanism during adipogenesis and osteogenesis is unknown. Herein, we investigated how alkyl-damage repair is modulated during adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation, especially focusing on the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Response to an alkylation agent was assessed via quantification of the double-strand break (DSB) foci and activities of BER-related enzymes during differentiation in hMSCs. Adipocytes showed high resistance against methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)-induced alkyl damage, whereas osteoblasts were more sensitive than hMSCs. During the differentiation, activities and protein levels of uracil-DNA glycosylase were found to be regulated. In addition, ligation-related proteins, such as X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) and DNA polymerase β, were upregulated in adipocytes, whereas their levels and recruitment declined during osteogenesis. These modulations of BER enzyme activity during differentiation influenced not only DNA repair efficiency but also the accumulation of DSBs as repair intermediates in the nucleus. Taken together, we suggest that BER enzymatic activity is regulated in adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation and these alterations in the BER pathway lead to different responses to alkyl damage from those in hMSCs.
Discovery of a novel bacterial class with the capacity to drive sulfur cycling and microbiome structure in a paleo-ocean analog
Authors: Vigneron Adrien , Vincent Warwick , Lovejoy Connie
Published: March 2023

Uncultivated microbial taxa represent a large fraction of global microbial diversity and likely drive numerous biochemical transformations in natural ecosystems. Geographically isolated, polar ecosystems are complex microbial biomes and refuges of underexplored taxonomic and functional biodiversity. Combining amplicon sequencing with genome-centric metagenomic analysis of samples from one of the world’s northernmost lakes (Lake A, Ellesmere Island, Canadian High Arctic), we identified a novel bacterial taxon that dominates in the bottom layer of anoxic, sulfidic, relict sea water that was isolated from the Arctic Ocean some 3000 years ago. Based on phylogenomic comparative analyses, we propose that these bacteria represent a new Class within the poorly described Electryoneota/AABM5-125-24 candidate phylum. This novel class, for which we propose the name Tariuqbacteria, may be either a relict of ancient ocean conditions or endemic to this High Arctic system, provisionally providing a rare example of high-taxonomy level endemism. Consistent with the geochemistry of the bottom water, the genetic composition of the Candidatus Tariuqbacter genome revealed a strictly anaerobic lifestyle with the potential for sulfate and sulfur reduction, a versatile carbon metabolism and the capability to eliminate competing bacteria through methylarsenite production, suggesting an allelochemical influence on microbiome structure by this planktonic microbe.
Infectivity and stress tolerance traits underlie phenotypic clustering in communities of plant pathogenic fungi
Authors: Choi Soyoung , Yang Jung-Wook , Kim Jung-Eun , Jeon Hosung , Shin Soobin , Wui Dayoun , Kim Lee Seul , Son Hokyoung , Min Kyunghun
Published: March 2023

Understanding how ecological communities assemble is an urgent research priority. In this study, we used a phylogenetic community ecology approach to examine how ecological and evolutionary processes shape biodiversity patterns of plant pathogenic fungi, Fusarium graminearumand F. asiaticum. High-throughput screening revealed that the isolates had a wide range of phenotypic variation in stress tolerance traits. The low phylogenetic signals in stress tolerance traits suggested that Fusarium species rapidly and divergently evolve these traits among related taxa. Our results indicate that co-occurring strains were more likely to be similar in stress tolerance than expected by chance. Competition assays of the pooled strains were conducted to investigate the cause of clustering. During stress conditions and wheat colonization, only a few strains dominated the fungal communities, resulting in reduced diversity. Overall, our findings support the modern coexistence theory that abiotic stress and competition lead to phenotypic and phylogenetic similarities among coexisting organisms by excluding large, low-competitive clades. We suggest that agricultural environments and competition for host infection lead to locally clustered communities of plant pathogenic fungi in the field.
Impact of Increased Telemedicine Usage During Covid-19 on Residency Training and Implications for Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Park Agnes , Phillips Zoe , Johnston Rhonda , Dembitzer Anne , Jay Melanie , Zabar Sondra , Horlick Margaret , Altshuler Lisa
Published: March 2023

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented and rapid increase in virtual care visits. Previous literature on telehealth centered clinician and patient perceptions, with limited attention to telehealth’s influence on residents’ clinical education. This works aims to explore the perspectives of Internal Medicine (IM) residents on clinical training amidst the transition to telehealth and identify competencies specific to virtual care.
Methods
In March 2021, post-graduate year (PGY 1 – PGY3) IM residents at the Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center in March 2021 were invited to participate in focus groups as part of standard program evaluation. Issues explored include patient relationships, clinical decision-making, and preceptor use. Focus group recordings were transcribed and thematically analyzed.
Results
26 residents participated in three focus groups. Themes were categorized into five domains: 1) building patient relationships, 2) using remote technology, 3) conducting physical exams, 4) decision-making, and 5) interacting with supervisors. Participants felt able to maintain relationships with pre-existing patients, though some expressed concerns about privacy and difficulty connecting with new patients. Many found evaluating physical concerns difficult and thus were more hesitant to make diagnoses. Preceptors were not present during tele-visits which precluded real-time support when participants encountered uncertainty. Participants had a higher threshold for asking their preceptors questions and making changes in management plans after tele-visits were concluded.
Conclusions
Our findings support the need to establish new clinical training standards. Trainees need guidance for navigating remote decision-making and care management; structured preceptor protocols can improve trainee education and quality patient care.
Ligand-Enabled Pd-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Quaternary Amino Acids and Glycolic Acids Derivatives
Authors: Qi Shutao , Ye Wenshao , Hua Yunkai , Pan Liangkai , Yang Junfeng , Zhang Junliang
Published: March 2023

Quaternary amino acids and glycolic acids, in which the all-substituted carbon stereocenters are adjacent to the carbonyl groups, are widespread in many biologically relevant compounds and pharmaceuticals. One specific case, α-quaternary amino acid, plays a crucial role as modifiers of peptide conformation, compared with natural amino acids. There are numerous methods on enantioselective alkylation at the α-carbon of these compounds. However, the asymmetric arylation at the α-carbon is synthetically challenging. This report describes two individual protocols for the rapid synthesis of optically active α-aryl quaternary amino acids and glycolic acids derivatives, respectively, by Pd catalysis and two unique Sadphos ligands. The methods employ two common heterocycles, azalactones and 5H-oxazol-4-ones, as amino acids and glycolic acids precursors and show a broad scope, high yields and excellent enantioselectivity. Analyses of the transition-state structures via Noncovalent interaction, Energy decomposition analyses (EDA) and natural bond orbital (NBO) reveals that CH···O interactions between the ligand and carbonyl group in the substrate play a critical role in the efficient stereocontrol.
Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and minimal detectable change (MDC) of Spinal Cord Ability Ruler (SCAR)
Authors: Tongprasert Siam , Chaidaroon Chananan , Phinyo Phichayut , Pattanakuhar Sintip
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To find minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and minimal detectable change (MDC) of Spinal Cord Ability Ruler (SCAR) in Thai participants with spinal cord injury (SCI)
Study Design: Retrospective cohort study
Setting: Rehabilitation ward at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital
Methods: Data of individuals with SCI who were not diagnosed with central cord syndrome and were admitted for the first time of rehabilitation were analyzed. Upper extremities motor score, self-care and mobility items of Spinal Cord Independence Measure version III were collected and used to calculate SCAR difference between data on date of admission and discharge. MCID and MDC were calculated by distribution-based method and categorized for each subgroup according to SCI characteristics.
Results: From data of 311 individuals, MCID of SCAR is approximately 4 for individual with tetraplegia AIS A, B, C; and individual with AIS D at any level, and 2 for individual with paraplegia AIS A, B, C. MDC of SCAR should be 1 for individual with tetraplegia AIS A, B, C; and individual with AIS D at any level and 0.5 for individual with paraplegia AIS A, B, C.
Conclusion: This study provides MCID and MDC of SCAR in each subgroup. These values could be used as a benchmark for clinician and researcher to determine whether participant has significant improvement or not after receiving an intervention.
Seasonal, Age- and Sex-dependent Variations in Serum Vitamin D Concentrations in Children and Adolescents and their Relevance for Future Health
Authors: Hower Jürgen , Novo Anne Stockem
Published: March 2023

Except for the first year of life, when infants are fully supplemented with 400 IU vitamin D, we found seasonal and age-dependent vitamin D distribution patterns for all age groups. The age groups between 2 and 9 years (grouped in 2-3, 4-5, 6-7, and 8-9 years) showed a positive deviation, and the age groups between 10-15 years showed a negative deviation from the mean curve over all age groups. The time frame between 10-15 years is associated with puberty, and the lower serum concentrations may indicate a higher conversion rate of 25(OH)-vitamin D into 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D. The pubertal decrease in serum vitamin D concentrations between boys and girls differs significantly in time, length, and magnitude. As puberty starts and ends earlier in girls than in boys, this difference may suggest that puberty is possibly among others a causal factor for the observed drop in serum vitamin D concentrations. Vitamin D deficiency especially in critical growth periods may hamper bone and immune health which has so far not been sufficiently considered. The dilemma of multiple factors and their influence on distribution curves can probably only be solved by using machine learning programs, which may be better suited to take multiple determinants into account to provide reliable data to achieve adequate Vitamin D supplementation.
The associations among sunshine exposure, D supplementation and serum vitamin D concentrations are well known. Guidelines for dietary intake and serum concentrations are intended to limit the population risk of vitamin D deficiency. Present recommendations have been widely unsuccessful in achieving vitamin D sufficiency in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Specific age-dependent seasonal D distribution curves do not exist, but they would allow an evidence-based estimate of vitamin D requirements for boys and girls in different stages of development.
In a secondary analysis of the first wave (May 2003-May 2006) of the nationwide representative German KiGGS Study (Study on the Health of Children and Adolescents in Germany), we reanalysed data from 10,015 participants to investigate the seasonal variations in serum vitamin D concentrations for children and adolescents within two-year age intervals to increase our understanding of the relationship between serum vitamin D concentrations and child development in both sexes.
Change of prescription for patients with schizophrenia or major depressive disorder during admission: Real-world evidence from the Effectiveness of Guidelines for Dissemination and Education psychiatric treatment project
Authors: Hashimoto Naoki , Yasui-Furukori Norio , Hasegawa Naomi , Ishikawa Shuhei , Hori Hikaru , Iida Hitoshi , Ichihashi Kayo , Miura Kenichiro , Matsumoto Junya , Numata Shusuke , Kodaka Fumitoshi , Furihata Ryuji , Ohi Kazutaka , Ogasawara Kazuyoshi , Iga Jun-ichi , Muraoka Hiroyuki , Komatsu Hiroshi , Takeshima Masahiro , Atake Kiyokazu , Kido Mikio , Nakamura Toshinori , Kishimoto Taishiro , Hishimoto Akitoyo , Onitsuka Toshiaki , Okada Tsuyoshi , Ochi Shinichiro , Nagasawa Tatsuya , Makinodan Manabu , Yamada Hiroki , Tsuboi Takashi , Yamada Hisashi , Inada Ken , Watanabe Koichiro , Hashimoto Ryota
Published: March 2023

Background

Polypharmacy of additional psychotropics alongside the main treatment drug (antipsychotics in schizophrenia and antidepressants in major depressive disorder) is common in Japan. Our goal is to align psychotropic prescription in Japan with international standards, while reducing the differences between facilities. To achieve this goal, we aimed to compare prescriptions at the time of hospital admission and discharge.

Methods

Data on prescriptions at admission and discharge from 2016 to 2020 were collected. We divided the patients into four groups: 1) mono_mono group, monotherapy of the main drug at admission and discharge; 2) mono_poly group, monotherapy at admission and polypharmacy at discharge; 3) poly_poly group, polypharmacy at admission and discharge; and 4) poly_mono group, polypharmacy at admission and monotherapy at discharge. We compared the changes in dosage and number of psychotropics among the four groups.

Results

For both schizophrenia and major depressive disorder, the patients who received monotherapy with the main drug at admission were likely to receive main drug monotherapy at discharge and vice versa. For schizophrenia, the polypharmacy was prescribed more often in the mono_poly group than that in the mono_mono group. The prescription was not changed at all for more than 10% of the patients.

Conclusions

It is critical to avoid a polypharmacy regimen to ensure that guideline-compliant treatment is provided. We expect higher rates of monotherapy with the main drug after the EGUIDE lectures.
Trial registration:The study protocol was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Registry(UMIN000022645).
Rapid growth and high cloud-forming potential of anthropogenic sulfate aerosol in a thermal power plant plume during COVID lockdown in India
Authors: Gunthe Sachin S. , Singh Aishwarya , Raj Subha S. , Panda Upasana , Kommula Snehitha , Jose Christi , Liu Tianjia , Huang Shan , Swain Basudev , Pohlker Mira , Villegas Ernesto , Ojha Narendra , Vaishya Aditya , Bigi Alessandro , Krishna R. Ravi , Zhu Qiao , Shi Liuhua , Allan James , Martin Scot T. , McFiggans Gordon , Andreae Meinrat , Pöschl Ulrich , Coe Hugh , Bianchi Federico , Su Hang , Kanawade Vijay , Liu Pengfei
Published: March 2023

The COVID lockdown presented a unique opportunity to study the anthropogenic emissions from different sectors under relatively cleaner conditions in India. The complex interplays of power production, industry, and transport could be dissected due to the significantly reduced influence of the latter two emission sources. Here, based on measurements of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity and chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols during the lockdown, we report an episodic event showing rapid growth and high hygroscopicity of new aerosol particles formed in the SO2 plume from a large coal-fired power plant. These sulfate-rich particles had high CCN activity and number concentration, indicating high cloud-forming potential. Examining the sensitivity of CCN properties under relatively clean conditions over India provides important new clues to delineate contributions of different anthropogenic emission sectors and further to understand their perturbations of past and future climate forcing.
Improving the creation of SiV centers in diamond via sub-μs pulsed annealing treatment
Authors: Tzeng Yan-Kai , Ke Feng , Jia Chunjing , Liu Yayuan , Park Sulgiye , Frost Mungo , Cai Xinxin , Ewing Rodney , Mao Wendy , Cui Yi , Devereaux Thomas P. , Lin Yu , Chu Steven
Published: March 2023

Silicon-vacancy (SiV) centers in diamond are emerging as promising quantum emitters in applications such as quantum communication and quantum information processing. Here, we demonstrate a sub-μs pulsed annealing treatment that dramatically increases the photoluminescence of SiV centers in diamond. Using a silane-functionalized adamantane precursor and a laser-heated diamond anvil cell, the temperature and energy conditions required to form SiV centers in diamond were mapped out via an optical thermometry system with an accuracy of ± 50 K and a 1 μs temporal resolution. Annealing scheme studies reveal that pulsed annealing can obviously minimize the migration of SiV centers out of the diamond lattice, and a 2.5-fold increase in the number of emitting centers was achieved using a series of 200-ns pulses at 50 kHz repetition rate via acousto-optic modulation. Our study provides a novel pulsed annealing treatment approach to improve the efficiency of the creation of SiV centers in diamond.
Open wedge supramalleolar osteotomy versus 3D printing patient-specific guides for varus ankle osteoarthritis: A retrospective case control study
Authors: Shi Zhongmin , Chen Cheng , Wang Cheng , Li Xueqian , Fu Shaoling , Wang Jiazheng , Wu Chenglin , Liu Fei , Gu Wenqi , Song Guoxun , Zhang Jieyuan , Jiang Jiantao
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Degenerative joint disease (DJD) of the ankle is a chronic disease that can severely limit function and cause debilitating pain, and with the development of digital medicine, 3D printing patient-specific instrumentation has been used in many subjects. The purpose of the study was to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of 3D-printed patient-specific guides with the traditional open- wedge supramalleolar osteotomy .

Materials and methods

We retrospectively analyzed 10 patients with varus ankle osteoarthritis treated by open wedge supramalleolar osteotomy via 3D patient-specific instrument (PSI group) and 14 patients treated via the traditional method (control group). The demographic data and the pre- and post-operative TAS, TT, TLS angle were recorded. The AOFAS and VAS score were acquired pre-operatively and at the last follow-up time.

Results

All patients were obtained after surgery 49.4 ± 8.3 months (36–62) follow-up. The TAS, TT, TLS angle and VAS, AOFAS score was comparable pre-operatively between two groups(p＞0.05). The VAS and AOFAS score was statistically improved at the last follow-up time in both cohorts. And the TAS angle was significantly increased post-operatively in the overall cohort. The TT,TLS angle was also ameliorated, though insignificantly. The intraoperative fluoroscopy time, estimated blood loss, and operating time was statistically less in the PSI group in the two cohorts. The post-operative TAS, TT, TLS angle and VAS, AOFAS score at the last follow-up time was comparable between the two cohorts.

Conclusion

3D-printed patient-specific guides have a short operation time, low intraoperative blood loss and less fluoroscopy frequency. Patient-specific guides can assist in facilitating doctor-patient communication, shortening the learning curve, reducing surgery time, and correcting varus deformity accurately. And the functional outcome was non-inferior to the traditional method.
Application of 3D printing positioning technology in parasagittal meningioma surgery: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Li Shiwei , Chen Maosong , Wang Hongcai
Published: March 2023

Objective: To assess the utility of 3D printing positioning technology for resection of parasagittal meningioma.
Methods:Information related to clinical history, application of 3D printing positioning technology, neuroimaging, surgical related information and postoperative hospital days of consecutive patients with parasagittal meningioma between January 2020 and December 2022 were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether the 3D printing positioning technology was applied. The values between groups were statistically compared.
Results: A total of 41 patients were enrolled. In cases using 3D printing positioning technology (14 patients), the location of craniotomy was much better and the postoperative hospital stay was much shorter.
Conclusion: The application of 3D printing positioning technology in parasagittal meningioma surgery could improve the location of craniotomy, and reduce the postoperative hospital stay. It is a low-cost positioning technology, and has the potential to be applied to other superficial intracranial tumors.
HELLS inhibits cervical cancer cells ferroptosis by promoting Nrf2 expression
Authors: tie weiwei , ge fenfen
Published: March 2023

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women throughout the world, However, the underlying mechanism of cervical cancer progression is still unclear. In the current study, we found that lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS) was significantly increased in cervical cancer. The function of HELLS was assessed by gain- and loss-function experiments. Functionally, the cell viability was assessed by CCK8 and cell proliferation was analyzed by colony formation assay. We found that HELLS overexpression significantly promoted cell viability and colony formation of cervical cancer cell, whereas HELLS inhibition suppressed these effect. Moreover, MDA and ROS induced by ferroptosis inducers erastin were restored by HELLS-OE. Mechanically, we confirm that HELLS promote cervical cancer proliferation by regulating Nrf2-mediated ferroptosis. In conclusion, our data suggest HELLS promote cervical cancer proliferation by inhibiting Nrf2 expression, and HELLS knockdown might be an effective treatment for cervical cancer.
The Relationship between Organizational Justice, Responsibility, and Job Satisfaction among Jordanian Nurses
Authors: Fadel Amena , Khrais Huthaifah , Bani-Hani Manar , Nashwan Abdulqadir J.
Published: March 2023

Aim: The study aims to examine the relationships between organizational justice, corporate social responsibility, and job satisfaction among nurses in Jordan.Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional design was utilized the study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional research design. The study was performed in a single hospital site in Jordan. A total of 178 nurses participated in the study. The Organizational Justice Scale, Corporate Social Responsibility Scale, and the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to measure the primary variables. Ethical approval was given by relevant ethical review boards.Results: Nurses had moderate levels of organizational justice, corporate social responsibility, and job satisfaction. Female nurses were found to have significantly higher levels of ethical corporate social responsibility than male nurses (P<0.05). No other significant differences or relationships were found on the levels of organizational justice, corporate social responsibility, and job satisfaction based on sociodemographic characteristics (P>0.05). Organizational justice had a significant, positive relationship with corporate social responsibility (r= 0.50,p= 0.000). Both organizational justice and corporate social responsibility had significant, positive relationships with job satisfaction (r= 0.60,r= 0.74,p< 0.001) consecutively.Conclusion: Healthcare organizations with high levels of organizational justice and corporate social responsibility reflect work environments that are fair, honest, objective, and morally and socially responsible not only to patients who are direct recipients of care but also to the public and wider society. Implementing policies and guidelines that espouse organizational justice and corporate social responsibility can help embed and institutionalize these concepts within healthcare organizations. Future research should be directed towards exploring factors that mediate the levels of job satisfaction, and in turn, how these factors might affect organizational justice and corporate social responsibility.
MIR100HG promoted ferroptosis via regulating the expression of ACSL3 in lung cancer cells
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Xianwei , Chen Quan , Xu Zhihong , Zhou Shijie , Zhang Hao
Published: March 2023

MIR100HG, a lncRNA residing on chromosome 11, affected the occurrence and prognosis of many cancers. Although previous reports revealed that MIR100HG was down-regulated in lung tumor tissues and prolonged the survival time of lung cancer patients, its detailed mechanism remained elusive. In our study, the mechanism of MIR100HG on ferroptosis in lung cancer cells was investigated. RT-PCR revealed that MIR100HG was upregulated by RSL3. Subsequently, MIR100HG was found to affect intracellular GSH and ROS levels and promote RSL3-induced ferroptosis in lung cancer cells. In vitro experiments, including transcriptomics sequencing, RT-PCR, western blot and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), found that MIR100HG was mainly located in the nucleus and negatively regulated the expression of ACSL3 via affecting the association of HuR and the mRNA of ACSL3. Analyzing RNA-sequencing data in TCGA database and measuring their expression levels unveiled that MIR100HG and ACSL3 were differentially expressed between lung cancer and paired-paracancerous tissues. Moreover, KM plotter results indicated that MIR100HG and ACSL3 affected the prognosis of lung cancer patients. Although still needing to be further investigated, our results showed that the MIR100HG-ACSL3 axis regulated ferroptosis in lung cancer cells and affected the occurrence and prognosis of lung cancer for the first time.
Dissecting the role of HOG mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in the regulation of Yeast Flocculation
Authors: Kumawat Ramesh , Tomar Raghuvir
Published: March 2023

The living organisms are frequently exposed to multiple biotic and abiotic stress forms during their lifetime. Organisms cope with stress conditions by regulating their gene expression programs. In response to different environmental stress conditions, yeast cells activate different tolerance mechanisms. Many of these mechanisms share common signaling pathways. Flocculation of yeast is one of the key mechanisms to survive under unfavorable environmental conditions. The Tup1-Cyc8 corepressor complex is a major regulator of yeast flocculation. In addition, yeast cells also utilize different MAPK pathways to regulate the expression of genes during stress conditions. Here we present the pieces of evidence that the HOG MAPK pathway is involved in the regulation of yeast flocculation phenotype. We observed constitutive activation of the HOG MAPK pathway in flocculating cells. The binding of phosphorylated Hog1 at theFLOgenes promoter increases significantly upon sodium chloride exposure. We found that the treatment of cells with cantharidin reduces the Hog1 phosphorylation, causing a sharp reduction in the expression ofFLOgenes and flocculation phenotype. Similarly, deletion of theHOG1in flocculating cells, resulted in the reduction of flocculation. Altogether our results suggest the involvement of HOG MAPK in the regulation ofFLOgenes and flocculation of yeast.
Poincaré inequalities on Carnot Groups and spectral gap of Schrödinger operators
Authors: Chatzakou Marianna , Federico Serena , Zegarlinski Boguslaw
Published: March 2023

In this work we give a sufficient condition under which the global Poincaré inequality on Carnot groups holds true for a large family of probability measures absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure. The density of such probability measure is given in terms of homogeneous quasi-norm on the group. We provide examples to which our condition applies including the most known families of Carnot groups. This, in particular, allows to extend the results in our previous work [16]. A consequence of our result is that the associated Schrödinger operators have a spectral gap.
Discontinuous clogging in gently tapered microchannels reveals a transient Markov process
Authors: Majekodunmi Olukayode , Hashmi Sara
Published: March 2023

Colloidal clogging is typically studied in pores with constrictions arranged in parallel or series. In these systems, clogging statistics are governed by Poisson processes; the time interval between clogging events exhibits an exponential distribution. However, an entirely different phenomenon is observed in a gently tapered pore geometry. Unlike in non-tapered constrictions, rigid particles clogging tapered microchannels form discrete and discontinuous clogs. In a parallelized system of tapered microchannels, we analyze distributions of clog dimensions for different flow conditions. Clog width distributions reveal a lognormal process, arising from concurrent clogging across independent parallel microchannels. Clog lengths, however, which are analogous to growth time, are exponentially distributed. This indicates a Poisson process where events do not occur simultaneously. These two processes are contradictory: clogging events are statistically dependent within each channel while clogs grow simultaneously across independent channels. The coexistence of Poisson and lognormal processes suggests a transient Markov process in which clogs occur both independently of, and dependently on, other clogs. Therefore, discussions of the stochastic character of clogging may require holistic consideration of the quantities used to assess it. This study reveals small adjustments to pore spaces can lead to qualitative differences in clogging dynamics, suggesting the importance of geometry.
Effect of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei on Richness of Gut Bacterial Community in Exopalaemon carinicauda
Authors: Li Wanying , Hua Songsong , Du Zhengwei , Li Yongchuang , Jiang Haiyi , Yu Miaomiao , Baloch Wazir Ali , Noonari Sumera , Yan Binlun , Gao Huan
Published: March 2023

To investigate the characteristics of the intestinal flora of Exopalaemon carinicaudainfected with Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP), we analyzed the intestinal flora of the infested individuals by sequencing 16s rRNA genes. In this study, we analyzed the differences in species and abundance of intestinal flora in different EHP load groups (no load group (control group, C), high load group (H) and low load group (L)). The results showed that the intestinal flora diversity in group H was significantly lower than that of shrimp in group C (P < 0.05). UPGMA-based clustering tree and PCoA analysis showed that, unlike group C, bacterial communities clustered together in groups H and L, suggesting that infection with EHP could alter the compositional structure of shrimp gut microbes. By species abundance clustering heat map analysis, most of the dominant bacteria in groups L and C were beneficial bacteria, such as Lactococcus , Ligilactobacillus and Bifidobacterium。In contrast, most of the dominant genus in group H were pathogenic bacteria, such as Pseudomonas , Photobacterium andCandidatus_Hepatincola. By predicting the functions associated with intestinal flora, the genes associated with metabolism were more abundant in group C, metabolism and nervous system in group L, and disease and environmental processing in group H. This study provides an aid for further screening of EHP antagonist bacteria.
Exploring of mechanisms and predicting of potential drugs of the comorbidity between migraine and multiple sclerosis based on bioinformatics analysis of transcriptome data
Authors: Zhang Yingying , Rang Xinming , Wang Xin , An Ning , Hong Xiangxiang , Chai Tengyue , Nie Yingkun , Xu Chaohan , Fu Jin
Published: March 2023

Background: Migraine and multiple sclerosis (MS) are frequent clinical partners, but the mechanisms and treatments of the comorbidity of the two are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the shared mechanisms and predict potential drugs of migraine and MS with a view to provide new clues and approaches for clinical management.
Methods: So firstly, PRJEB40032 (migraine) from ENA and GSE21942 (MS) from GEO were analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). And then, gene clusters and hub genes for common DEGs were identified, as well as functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis were performed for exploring the gene signatures and molecular mechanisms of the comorbidity. Further, hub genes and critical pathways were evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) and previous studies. Finally, the drugs targeting hub genes and critical pathways were predicted, of which drugs targeting both hub genes and critical pathways were further screened.
Results: 112 DEGs were identified to be related to the comorbidity of migraine and MS, of which 9 hub genes (IL1B,JUN, CXCL8, FOS, ICAM1, MMP9, EGR1,LCN2, MMP8) were of high diagnostic value for the comorbidity. Functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis showed that inflammatory response regulation and reactive oxygen species metabolism played a major role, and multiple pathways such as IL17 signaling pathway were involved in the comorbidity. 5 hub genes and 17 critical pathways were further evaluated, with predicted 112 and 535 drugs, respectively, including aspirin (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)), baclofen (gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor agonist), and melatonin (antioxidant). Ultimately, 10 drugs targeting both hub genes and critical pathways were screened, mainly anti-inflammatory drugs, immunological agents and antineoplastic drugs, in which there were three IL-1β inhibitors with high potential research value for the treatments of the comorbidity.
Conclusions: We found that inflammation and oxidative stress were closely related to the comorbidity of migraine and multiple sclerosis. We also predicted some drugs for drawing on from each other and the comorbidity, such as NSAIDs, GABA receptor agonists/analogs andIL-1β inhibitors.
A Study on Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Short Columns Under Uni- Axial Compression
Authors: N Kashyap A.M. , RAO TANIMKI , RAO NARAPARAJU VENKATA RAMANA
Published: March 2023

The existing literature is rich in plain cement concrete short columns, but it is deficient with respect to geopolymer concrete (GPC) short columns with the incorporation of fibers with hybridization. The current investigation focuses to identify and measure the structural performance and behavior of two grades of GPC viz., normal and high strength grade with and without hybrid fibers. Two types of fibers i.e., steel and polypropylene are utilized to prepare the hybrid fiber reinforced GPC (HFRGPC) ranging from 0–2% in the increments of 0.5% coupled with longitudinal reinforcement. A total of 20 short columns (10 circular and 10 square headed) having a height of 1000 mm and sizes of 150 mm dia. and 150x150 mm respectively are prepared and tested for uni axial compression loading. The study results indicated that the circular GPC short columns possess better structural performance at ultimate load in terms of ductility ratio than those of square headed GPC specimens with and without fibers. The significant impacts of fiber volume fraction are investigated and reported. The experimental results of the of short columns showed a good agreement with the theoretical results.
Bias reduction of high return levels for extreme hazard modelling
Authors: Wang Chi-Hsiang
Published: March 2023

Many existing extremal data span only a few decades, often resulting in large bias and uncertainty in the estimated shape parameter of the extreme hazard model. This in turn leads to unreliable predicted extreme values at high average recurrence intervals (ARI’s). This paper illustrates a statistical method that provides a mechanism to obtain a hazard model that produces return levels at high ARI’s with reduced bias. The method makes use of the maximum recorded values of extremal data independently recorded from a number of observational sites. The logarithmically transformed probability of the maximum recorded value at a site is shown to follow the Gumbel (Type I extreme-value) distribution, therefore multiple, say m, sites provide a sample of size m transformed probabilities of extreme values, each from a distinct site. The sample can be treated as being drawn from a Gumbel distribution, irrespective of the underlying hazard-generating mechanisms or the statistical hazard models. The method is demonstrated by an analysis of the extreme wind gust data collected from automatic weather stations in South Australia. The results are compared to the specifications in the Australian standard AS/NZS 1170.2:2021 and indicates that the standard may have overestimated the wind gust hazard, hence the specified design wind speeds may fall on the conservative side for South Australia.
Engineering Ga2O3 phases with MIST-CVD for Gas Sensing Applications
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Praneeth Marem Padma , Al-Shidaifat AlaaDdin , Song Hanjung , Chakrabartty Shubhro Shubhro
Published: March 2023

With the utilization of UV-C radiation sterilizers on the ascension in the wake of the recent pandemic, it has become imperative to have health safety systems in place to curb the ill effects on humans. This requires detection systems with felicitous spectral replication to the “invisible to the unclad eye” radiation leaks with utmost sensitivity and swiftness. Gallium Oxide (Ga2O3), a semiconductor, has gained a lot of attention among researchers due to its ultra-wideband gap (4.9eV) and high critical field with a value of 8 MV/cm. It is Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO). Ga2O3 has five different atomic structures of Ga2O3, namely, the monoclinic (β-Ga2O3), rhombohedral (α), defective spinel (γ), cubic (δ), and orthorhombic (ε) structures. Of these, the β-polymorph is selected because of band gap energy (Eg ≈ 4.7–4.9 eV), it is highly stable in thermal and chemical properties. In this context, the present article demonstrates the best and most suitable technique for the deposition of β-Ga2O3 (Gallium Oxide). This work demonstrates the layer deposition of β-Ga2O3 (Gallium Oxide) thin-film with MIST-CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) and optimization of the deposited layer to the extent of using different techniques and analyzing different plots. This deposited layer on a substrate is used for applications of gas sensors or Ultraviolet-Photodetectors (UV-PDs. This article has also demonstrated the successful application of optimized thin film for gas sensing.
Skip (Insertion) Sort, Skip List Based New and Very Efficient Sorting Algorithm
Authors: AKSU Mustafa
Published: March 2023

The aim of this paper is to propose a new sorting algorithm based on skip list. The proposed sorting algorithm has similar/same logic with skip list, due to this case, it was called as SkipSort algorithm. While sorting data, each element is located in its position in a pyramidal way and this position is the required position of element in the sorted array. The locating time of each element is O(N), when there are N elements in unsorted set. Thus, the time complexity of a set of size N will be O(NlgN). The proposed algorithm was applied to a randomly generated set, and the obtained results are superior to the results of sorting algorithms HeapSort, MergeSort, etc. The same case is also valid for sorted set or sorted in descending order set. The performance of the proposed algorithm in sorted or sorted in descending order is better than performance of random case approximately 1.5-2 times.
Early antibiotic de-escalation and discontinuation in Patients with Febrile Neutropenia after Cellular Therapy: A Single Center Prospective Unblinded Randomized Trial
Authors: Ram Ron , Amit Odelia , Adler Amos , On Yael Bar , Beyar-Katz Ofrat , Avivi Irit , Shasha David , Ami Ronen Ben
Published: March 2023

Background - The optimal duration and spectrum of empiric antimicrobial therapy of febrile neutropenia in patients after cellular therapy is unclear. Early de-escalation has been suggested by several groups, however studies exclusively focusing on this group of patients are lacking.
Methods – we performed a randomized controlled study to evaluate the safety and non-inferiority in terms of infectious and transplantation-associated outcomes in patients after cellular therapy with febrile neutropenia who received either standard broad spectrum antibiotic treatment until recovery of neutropenia (control group) versus early de-escalation and discontinuation (EDD) antibiotic strategy.
Results – we randomized 110 patients (control group, n = 51, EDD group, n = 59). The fraction of antibiotic-free neutropenia days was higher for patients in the EDD group compared to control group (median [IQR], 0.8 [0.62–0.86] versus 0.51 [0.17–0.86], respectively, p = .016). This was true for both per-protocol population and for the allogeneic HCT, autologous HCT, and anti-CD19 CAR-T subgroups. Antibiotic success rate, breakthrough fever, death within 30 days, and other common cellular therapy-related toxicities were all similar between the 2 groups.
Conclusions – An EDD antibiotic strategy in patients after cellular therapy was safe and associated with a substantial reduction in broad-spectrum antibiotic utilization without compromising cellular therapy outcomes.
Health economic evaluation of forced orthodontic extrusion of extensively damaged teeth: Up to 6-year results from a clinical study
Authors: Bruhnke Maria , Naumann Michael , Böse Mats Wernfried Heinrich , Beuer Florian , Schwendicke Falk
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Clinical data on retaining extensively damaged teeth using forced orthodontic extrusion followed by restorative rehabilitation are scarce, and economic evaluations basically absent. Based on a clinical study we performed a health economic evaluation of this treatment approach.

Materials and Methods

In a convenience sample of individuals recruited from routine care, extensively damaged teeth were orthodontically extruded prior to restoration. Patients were followed up for up to 6 years. Our health outcome was tooth retention time. Direct medical, non-medical and indirect initial and follow-up costs were estimated using the private payer’s perspective in German healthcare. Association of initial direct medical treatment costs and cofounding variables was analyzed using Generalized Linear Models.

Results

A total of 35 teeth in 30 patients were followed over a mean ± SD of 49 ± 19 months. Five teeth (14%) dropped out during that period. Median initial costs were 1941€ (range: 1284–4392€), median costs for follow-up appointments were 215€ (range: 0–5812€) and median total costs were 2284€ (range: 1453 to 7109€). Tooth survival was 46 ± 20 months. Three teeth had to be extracted and in three patients we observed orthodontic relapse. Endodontic re-treatment and placement of a post had a significant impact on total costs.

Conclusions

Within the limitations of this clinical study, total treatment costs for forced orthodontic extrusion and subsequent restoration of extensively damaged teeth were considerable. Costs were by large generated initially; endodontic and post-endodontic therapies were main drivers. Costs for retreatments due to complications were limited, as only few complications arose.

Clinical Relevance:

The restoration of extensively damaged teeth after forced orthodontic extrusion comes with considerable initial treatment costs, but low follow-up costs. Overall and over the observational period and within German healthcare, costs are below those for tooth replacement using implant-supported crowns.
The study was registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS registration number: DRK S00026697).