bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SMART CITIES AND THE NECESSITY OF OPENING OF THE DATA IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC AS AN EXAMPLE OF CEE COUNTRY
Authors:   Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 1, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic, Pacovský Libor , Jolič Jan ,   Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 1, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
Published: October 2021

Transparency and openness should be the basic principle of modern public administration. Many cities want to become smart cities, so they develop smart city strategies and realise specific smart city projects. However, only a few of the Czech cities are actually successful in this area. This paper studies the problems of the open data approaches in cities’ practice. The public administration collects and stores data representing a smart city’s critical element and one of the smart governance’s essential tools toward modern public administration. The study aims to analyse the situation of open data and smart city measures in the Czech Republic and demonstrate the obvious separation of smart city implementation, data utilisation and smart governance in cities’ practice. The Czech Republic is one of the CEE countries that could benefit from more comprehensive smart cities measurement applications because some of its regions lag in digitalisation development. The opening of the data and the utilisation of them could be the first step for the cities or regions to implement advanced methods and technologies to become smart city. The only cities with successfully implemented smart city measures are the ones that are also relatively successful in open data publishing.
THE IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION BETWEEN UKRAINE AND EU ON TRADE AND INVESTMENT
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine, Panasa Myrnogo, 26, Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine, Olefir Volodymyr
Published: October 2021

The benefits and costs of the implementation of the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) between Ukraine and the EU have been studied. The study aimed to find out to what extent the implementation of DCFTA has helped increase exports and attract foreign direct investment into Ukraine’s economy. A comparison method was used to conduct the study. The period of implementation of the DCFTA (2016-2020) was compared with the period before the implementation of the DCFTA (2010- 2014). Due to trade liberalization, exports of Ukrainian goods to the EU and imports of goods from the EU to Ukraine have increased. Trade liberalization has not contributed to further attracting foreign direct investment from the EU to Ukraine’s economy. The urgent task of the Government of Ukraine is to create a business regulatory environment according to European standards and protect foreign investment.
E-PARTICIPATORY AND COMMUNICATION MOBILE APPLICATIONS: CASE STUDY OF PRAGUE
Authors:   Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 1, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic, Fanta Michael , Soběhart Radek ,   Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 1, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
Published: October 2021

Worldwide usage of mobile Internet significantly increases, which underlines the importance of mobile applications as a tool for involving residents in local public affairs and decision-making processes. However, the Czech level of e-participation is below the EU average in the long term. Using an exploratory case study, tis article aims to identify all available e-participatory and communication mo-bile applications designed for the city of Prague and its inhabitants offered on Google Play Store and Apple App Store. Moreover, using the content analysis method, features of identified mobile applications are explored and described. The majority of identified applications serve as one-way communication channels, and one application has a function that allows it to collect opinions of residents through voting polls. It is essential to significantly increase the user base of these applications and thus to ensure efficient development of e-participation in Prague and also in the Czech Republic in the future.
DIGITAL INJECTION OF UNCERTAINTY: THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON VACCINATION HESITANCY IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   Budapest Metropolitan University, Nagy Lajos király útja 1-9, 1148 Budapest, Hungary, Ekaterina Sidorina
Published: October 2021

The influence of social media on vaccine hesitant users is concerning, as it most often negatively affects the decision about vaccination of oneself and their children, encourages the spread of misinformation and leads to the endangerment of the population. Giving all the potential that the online sphere obtains, this work is meant to bring awareness of the issues caused by social media regarding anti-vaccination and encourage closer monitoring of such content in order to battle hesitancy. The territory of interest for this research is European Union, as despite its unsullied prior record, the most recent data has been showing outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases due to insufficient vaccination coverage rates. (European Commission, 2016) Analyzing European vaccination data and patterns, EU-focused academic researches and literature and social media presence of the “anti-vax” campaigns, the work brings up the prospects and suggestions for the possible solutions to the problem.
OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF APPLYING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY AT AIRPORTS
Authors:   University Singidunum, Danijelova 32, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia, Stojanović Marija , Radović Nikica ,   University Singidunum, Danijelova 32, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia, Njeguš Angelina ,   University Singidunum, Danijelova 32, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
Published: October 2021

The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has attracted more attention and highlighted the value of public health as well as the need for safe travel. When it comes to the tourism industry affected by the pandemic, the current global situation requires market transformation and innovation in the function of renewing tourist travel. Blockchain technologies in air transport are directing their business solutions towards the most promising opportunities and possibilities of application of this modern technology, now with a focus on overcoming the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on business in the tourism industry. Blockchain-based applications have the potential to improve the user experience in the process of tracking luggage and goods, tracking the health of passengers, managing digital currency for the purchase of airline tickets, passenger identity management, loyalty programs, and more. Blockchain technology has already found application in financial management, storage and management of our personal data and information through a chain that is interconnected in time as a distributed book that records transactions between the parties involved, securely and permanently. This paper aims to present the possibilities of Blockchain technology and contribute to raising awareness of the great potential of application in the business of the airport within the tourism industry.
INFORMATION ASYMMETRIES IN ALGORITHMS AT DIGITAL PLATFORMS: MOTIVATIONS TO PARTICIPATE AND EU REGULATORY APPROACH
Authors:   Independent researcher, Thessaloniki, Greece, Lukovic Vesna
Published: October 2021

The junction of economy, law and technology is an important topic in the world that is increasingly moving online. Digital platforms “match” supply and demand by using large amounts of data and algorithms. Some digital platforms dominate travel markets because of platforms’ data and networks effects. Digital platforms in travel industry use algorithms to generate suggestions to consumers via recommendation (ranking) systems. Ranking has important implications not only for business users of digital platforms, but for consumers’ choice as well. This research explores motivations to participate in digital platforms for short-term vacation rental and it sheds light on information asymmetries in regard to algorithms generating ranking in search results. This research also briefly explores EU regulatory approach to digital platforms and looks at the latest EU legal texts in regard to fairness and transparency in ranking.
VIRTUAL ENTERPRISES AS FUTURE CORPORATION FORMS IN THE INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT OR JUST OLD WINE IN NEW SKINS
Authors:   Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Management, Odbojárov 10, Bratislava 820 05, Slovak Republic, Neumann Johannes , Fekete Milan ,   Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Management, Odbojárov 10, Bratislava 820 05, Slovak Republic
Published: October 2021

This article is examining and determining the phenomenon of virtual cooperation in the industrial environment. Its goal is to research and find insights into whether virtual corporations are a viable alternative to classical and more traditional cooperation forms such as alliances, joint ventures and others. Virtual Enterprises (VEs) are and could be therefore a new organizational business concept to cope with actual and future challenges for companies in the globalization phases. This approach is based on merging all core competencies of a company in a network like organization. This seems to be a necessary response to deal with fast growing economies, fast changing conditions of certain markets and to become an agile reacting company in this environment.
LSTM-BASED AUTOMATED LEARNING WITH SMART DATA TO IMPROVE MARKETING FRAUD DETECTION AND FINANCIAL FORECASTING
Authors:   LIMPAF Laboratory, Computer Science Dept, Faculty of Science and Applied Science, Bouira University, Algeria, Bouzidi Zair , Boudries Abdelmalek ,   Laboratory LMA, Commercial Science Dept, Faculty of Economics, Business and Management, Bejaia University, Algeria, Amad Mourad ,   LIMPAF Laboratory, Computer Science Dept, Faculty of Science and Applied Science, Bouira University, Algeria
Published: October 2021

This proposed model is based on a deep recurrent neural network trained with Long Short- Term Memory Network (LSTM), used because of its ability to learn long term dependencies, taking the concatenated function and Financial data as input, while integrating encapsulations, using Smart Data and retrieving information by combining multiple search results (all the Web). It combines representation training with financial data while integrating encapsulations from multiple sources and retrieving information by combining multiple search results. It provides some good ideas that we have extended to improve Corporate Marketing and Business Strategies. We show that the proposed model learns to localize and recognize different aspects of Corporate Marketing and Business Strategies. We evaluate it on the challenging task of detecting Fraud in Financial Services and Financial Time Series Forecasting and show that it is more accurate than the state-of-the-art of other neural networks and that it uses fewer parameters and less computation.
POLICY FOR BALANCED REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: POLICY SETTINGS ON REGIONAL LEVEL – EXPERIENCE AND PRACTICE
Authors:   Programme Coordinator of the project “Sustainable and Inclusive Balanced Regional Development” - Ministry of Local-Self Government - R. Macedonia and Swiss Embassy/SDC, Karaeva Marija , Goceva Mihajlovska Vesna ,   Programme Coordinator of the project “Sustainable and Inclusive Balanced Regional Development” - Ministry of Local-Self Government - R. Macedonia and Swiss Embassy/SDC
Published: October 2021

Legally defined regional development is the process of identifying, promoting, managing and exploiting the development potential of the planned regions and areas with specific development needs. The policy of regional development is a system of goals, instruments and measures aimed at reducing regional disparities and achieving balanced and sustainable development of the Republic of North Macedonia. Following the adoption of the Law, activities and measures for its full implementation were carried out both at the central and regional level, creating necessary pre-conditions for achieving the policy objectives of balanced regional development: reduction of disparities in development levels between the eight planning regions, and reduction of the disparities in development levels within the planning regions. Experiences that are the result of more than twelve years of implementation of measures and activities to support balanced regional development allow identification of the main factors that enhanced successful implementation of regional development policy on a regional level in North Macedonia, at the same time identifying the conditions that constrained it. Both of these groups of factors are important for the answer to the questions: (i) Are the institutions on the regional level functional? and (ii) what should be improved? Therefore, this paper aims to give an overview of the institutions in charge of planning and implementation of the regional policy of the Republic of North Macedonia at the regional level – Council for Development of the Planning Regions and Centres for Development of the Planning Regions.
DISRUPTIVE TIMES AND HIGHER EDUCATION IN ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT: IMPORTANCE OF DUAL ASSESSMENT
Authors:   Zagreb School of Economics and Management, Vukasovićeva 1, Zagreb, Croatia, Hanžek Matea , Biočina Zdravka ,   Zagreb School of Economics and Management, Vukasovićeva 1, Zagreb, Croatia, Martinović Maja ,   Zagreb School of Economics and Management, Vukasovićeva 1, Zagreb, Croatia, Pirić Valentina ,   Zagreb School of Economics and Management, Vukasovićeva 1, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: October 2021

This paper examines quantitative methods of dual assessment of students’ skills in higher education. Through dual assessment, it tests skills important to adapt to a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous environment (VUCA). It does so by comparing on the one side student-generated grades and on the other side grades generated by their lecturers. The study was done on the sample of the entire 3rd-year generation of Zagreb School of Economics and Management students (N=79). Lecturers (N=2) who were doing the assessment have multiple years of grading experience. Findings suggest that overall, there are differences between self-assessment of students and assessment made by lecturers. Furthermore, there are also gender differences in student’s self-assessment. Whether for online or face-to-face courses, faculty and students may benefit using the dual assessment approach in developing more skilled students that are capable to adapt to working in ever changing and uncertain environments
EDUCATION MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Belgrade, Serbia, Kirin Snežana , Vasojević Nena A. ,   Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Belgrade, Serbia, Vučetić Ivana ,   Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Belgrade, Serbia
Published: October 2021

The education system is facing the permanent challenge to adapt to the constantly changing states in science, technology, and economy, and it plays an important role in the overall society development and socio-economic progress. In order to establish a high-quality, efficient education system, it is necessary to develop the teaching staff competences in accordance with the innovations in the education field. The quality of the teaching process largely depends on the extent to which modern teaching methods are applied, which are, in the contemporary context, based on the use of the information and communication technologies in the teaching process (ICT). Following the technology advancement and the information channels transformation, the role of the teacher has changed, and in this new context the teacher is assigned with a new role of the “teaching manager”, or the leader of the teaching process. This paper shows comparative analyses of the relations between the teaching stuff ICT training and the organisation of the teaching process, when observed in traditional and online teaching settings. The research was conducted in Serbia in January and February of 2021, during the Covid-19 pandemic, and included the sample of teachers who work in primary schools (N=609).
THE IMPACT OF MOTIVATION OF PRIMARY STUDENTS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DISTANCE LEARNING (SPORTS DAY EXAMPLE)
Authors:   Komen Primary School, Komen 61 a, 6223 Komen, Slovenia, Bernetič Perhavec Mihaela
Published: October 2021

The article contains the description of the bases and starting points of primary physical education and sports day in Slovenia and other European countries. It presents the motivational point of view of the students at the implementation of distance learning for a sports day. There is a graphic display of the results of an online survey that was carried out among teachers and students of Komen primary school, branch of Štanjel. Fifty students from the 1st to 6th grade and 7 teachers took part in the survey. The purpose of the article is the research about what influences the motivation of students in distance learning. From the collected data it was found out that the ICT and interdisciplinary connection have played the most important role in the implementation of the sports day. The answers of the teachers show that besides the ICT devices, the weather, the family and interdisciplinary connections are the main motivators for the children. The students were very motivated at the implementation of the distance sports day. The teachers, as well as students, have found advantages and disadvantages in the organization of a distance sports day.
MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMICS STUDENTS’ EMOTIONAL PROFILE
Authors:   Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary, Séllei Beatrix
Published: October 2021

Although emotionally resonant leadership is widely known, higher education doesn’t focus on the development of emotional-social competencies of students. In this paper, the author presents the positive psychological profile of management and economics students and suggests renewing higher education. Data came from the 1st semester of economics and management students (n=826). Students in each year have a homogenous profile. They are extroverted, with an interesting positive psychological profile. Based on their emotional profile, students are good in many intrapersonal emotional intelligence factors, interpersonal skills, or mood. But, they have lower scores in stress-related emotional competencies. Their relatively low Grit score shows that they are likely to lose focus, although this is one key to work-flow and longtime perseverance.
DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL DIFFERENCES OF SLOVAK HIGHER TERRITORIAL UNITS IN YEARS 2009-2018
Authors:   University of Economics in Bratislava, Department of Services and Tourism, Faculty of Commerce, Dolnozemská cesta 1, 852 35 Bratislava, Slovakia, Jánošková Kristína , Jánošková Barbora ,   Alexander Dubček University in Trenčín, Department of Political Science, Študentská 1, 91150 Trenčín, Slovakia, Petrušová Dagmar ,   Alexander Dubček University in Trenčín, Faculty of Social and Economic Relations, Študentská 1, 91150 Trenčín, Slovakia
Published: October 2021

The establishment of the regional level in Slovakia was one of the conditions for our accession to the European Union. Its real creation took place in the Slovak Republic two years before the accession to the European Community. Despite the efforts of the Cohesion Policy of the European Union to reduce regional disparities across the member states of the EU, at the regional level of the Slovak Republic, it is possible to constantly monitor differences in the development of the regions. Their elimination is the main objective of Slovak regional policy. The representatives of the national level use the European Union’s support policy to gradually reduce or eliminate the regional disparities. This policy offers the possibility of drawing financial resources from several funds. The indicator of differences in regional development is the regional gross domestic product per capita. By monitoring and analysing its evolution over several years, it is possible to see whether disparities at the regional level are being reduced or, on the contrary, are deepening. In the following article, to determine the current state of regional differences, we present the development of regional disparities of Slovak higher territorial units in 2009-2018 through monitored data on regional gross domestic product per capita at current prices.
ORGANIZATIONAL RESILIENCE – PARADIGM FOR CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY DURING COVID-19 IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors:   University American College Skopje, Treta Makedonska Brigada Str. No 60 Skopje, North Macedonia, Trajkova Kate , Sterjovski Nikola ,   City College, University of York Europe Campus, Leontos Sofou 3 Thessaloniki, 546 26 Greece, Andonov Marko ,   University American College Skopje, Treta Makedonska Brigada Str. No 60 Skopje, North Macedonia
Published: October 2021

The archetype for optimal functionality of modern organizations in unstable and disruptive conditions, known as the new normality, since the outbreak of Covid-19 has become one of the latest paradigms for contemporary management. The challenge arises in the process of creating organizational competences for effective responses to the influences of Covid-19 and securing sustainability reflected as organizational resilience. This paper aims to present the theoretical contours and conceptualization of organizational resilience. The analysis of the theoretical background describes affective, cognitive, relational, and structural mechanisms which are distinct constitutive dimensions of the concept. The research agenda provides answers to the questions regarding the strength of the antecedents through a frame that covers three dimensions: Situational awareness, Adaptive Capability, Individual participation and Engagement. Methods: based on the structural dimensions, for the purposes of this paper, quantitative research was conducted, with a questionnaire on a sample of 138 respondents from companies with domestic and foreign capital located in North Macedonia. The statistical analysis of the data is presented through a resilience analysis grid (RAG). Results: The paper displays an approach to defining the corporative resilient capacities; a framework for identification of a resilient profile in different levels of conceptualization (RAG); an identification of the strength of the potential determinants. Conclusion: The appliance of the determinant model provides answers to the research questions for the potential strengths of resilience capacity determinants in the companies in North Macedonia. The resilience analysis grid (RAG) visualizes the strength of the potential determinants and secures directions for safety management, especially in continuous conditions of long lasting economic shocks.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 IN THE AGRI-FOOD COMPANIES IN EXTREMADURA (SPAIN)
Authors:   University of Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas S/N. Faculty of Economics and Business Studies. Código Postal (06006) Badajoz, Spain, Corchuelo Beatriz , López-Salazar Pedro E. ,   University of Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas S/N. Faculty of Economics and Business Studies. Código Postal (06006) Badajoz, Spain, Sama-Berrocal Celia ,   University of Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas S/N. Faculty of Economics and Business Studies. Código Postal (06006) Badajoz, Spain
Published: October 2021

The coronavirus pandemic is having an economic impact, previously non-existent, on the world economy. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on agri-food companies in the Autonomous Community of Extremadura (Spain). A qualitative methodology is used through interviews with 15 managers of agri-food companies and a technology center for the period February 2020 - January 2021. The results reveal the existence of differentiated impacts, both financial and operational, depending, principally, on the nature of the products, the changes generated in consumer behavior, and mobility problems. Likewise, changes were observed in the processes and procedures in the companies to overcome the obstacles imposed by the new situation. In conclusion, the change in environmental conditions, as well as the characteristics of the spread of the pandemic, has impacted the strategies, behavior, processes, dynamics and results of organizations regardless of their size and the nature of their work product or service.
ICT IN A SOCIAL ORGANIZATION IN PANDEMIC TIMES
Authors:   Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Campus do IPS Estefanilha 2910-761 Setúbal PT, Portugal, Lidon Sara , Reis Leonilde ,   Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Campus do IPS Estefanilha 2910-761 Setúbal PT, Portugal, Silveira Clara ,   Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Campus do IPS Estefanilha 2910-761 Setúbal PT, Portugal
Published: October 2021

Social organizations are faced with financial problems, but also in the areas of Information Systems and Information and Communication Technologies given their support for activities in providing services to citizens. The article presents the problem in the field of the design of a multidisciplinary prototype and information aggregator to support the management of the provision of services of a Social Organization. The research methodology adopted is Design Science Research, given the specificity of the problem. Requirements models, data models, system architecture, and finally the prototype are presented. The proposed prototype aims to contribute to the reduction of regional inequalities, enhancing sustainability in the environmental, social, and human fields, as well as the inclusion of information that optimizes the reuse of non-perishable goods.
MANAGING AND ORGANISING THE COVID-19 EFFECT ON ONLINE SHOPPING BEHAVIOR
Authors:   European University Skopje, Sv. Kliment Ohridski N° 68, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia, Andreska – Sarevska Aleksandra , Pavlova Sanja ,   European University Skopje, Sv. Kliment Ohridski N° 68, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
Published: October 2021

These days, we are all exposed to unusual conditions due to the Coronavirus pandemic COVID-19, which exposes to unpleasant circumstances our families, friends, and also our business activities. According to this fact, it will probably increase the online shopping, because the people are spinning to the e-commerce to buy the things which in normal conditions would buy personally. The paper aims to find out how the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced on the growth of online shopping and electronic commerce, such as managing the new way of living. The authors in this paper use the methods of synthesis, comparison, time series analysis and use data from the Association of e-commerce of the Republic of North Macedonia. The authors concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the habits of the domestic buyers, who redirected the big part of the online shopping from foreign countries to domestic e-shops.
CREATING LOYAL CUSTOMERS IN DISRUPTIVE TIMES
Authors:   Business Academy Smilevski BAS, Skopje, 111/2 Jane Sandanski Blvd., Skopje, R.N. Macedonia, Ivanovska Przo Dijana , Kocoska Maja ,   Business Academy Smilevski BAS, Skopje, 111/2 Jane Sandanski Blvd., Skopje, R.N. Macedonia, Petrovska Katerina ,   Ss. Cyril and Methodius Primary School, Boulevard 1st of May b.b., Bitola, R.N. Macedonia
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, the dynamic market, where customer loyalty is created and maintained, is far more complex than it was in the last couple of years. The market surrounding becomes more and more complex as well so that the good old marketing techniques are no longer effective. It underlines the need for implementing new digital techniques and methods. Building loyalty requires from organizations to create value for their own products and services, in order to show that they are interested to fulfill the requests to create strong bonds with the customers. The goal of this paper is to show how the transformation of working models and activities, disruptive technology, regulatory policies, globalization as well as fast digitalization, prevent many organizations from creating loyal customers. The paper includes primary manager concerns, finds the reasons for the company’s success or failure, and creates ways to reach the customers and to produce loyalty
APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT MODELS IN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC ENTERPRISES THROUGH THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONALIZATION AT THE LEVEL OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT
Authors:   Academy of Vocational Studies Southern Serbia, Department for Business Studies, Leskovac, Serbia, Vukosavljevic Pavlovic Valentina
Published: October 2021

City economic structures on the territory of the Republic of Serbia should adapt and accelerate the process of balanced development between the urban and rural parts of the city on modern principles of management. On the other hand, the role of the process of professionalization of company management, as a factor of modernization at the level of local private and public companies should be explored, starting from the position that management is not only an economic category dominated by rational, financial, market principles and activities but also a sociological category, primarily reflected in the professionalization and democratization of labor relations. For the purpose of analysis, the forms of changes of the following should be considered: a) development strategies, b) production/property relations, c) changes in existing management models.
THE STRUCTURE OF SUPPORTED BUSINESS R&D INITIATIVES BY SUPER-DEDUCTION IN SLOVAKIA
Authors:   University of Economics in Bratislava, Dolnozemská cesta 1/b, 852 35 Bratislava, Slovakia, Jančičková Lea , Pakšiová Renáta ,   University of Economics in Bratislava, Dolnozemská cesta 1/b, 852 35 Bratislava, Slovakia
Published: October 2021

The super-deduction of research and development allows any company based in Slovakia, which implements innovative or development projects, to deduct from the tax base for the second time the expenses it has incurred for these projects. The savings that each innovative company would receive in 2018 by using a super-deduction for R&D after meeting the legislative requirements in Slovakia was an extra €21,000 for every €100,000 invested in development and innovation projects. Compared to 2017, the level of super- deduction in 2018 has increased fourfold from 25% to 100% of relevant expenses. The research aims to analyse the projects implemented by the companies in 2018 in Slovakia in the framework of R&D in the content of the projects and the related amount of the deduction which were supported. The research shows that not every business subject carried out R&D only within its focus of the main business.
EVALUATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF SMES IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC
Authors:   Alexander Dubček University in Trenčín, Faculty of Social and Economic Relations, Študentská 3, 91150 Trenčín, Slovakia, Kráľová Katarína , Sochuľáková Jana ,   Alexander Dubček University in Trenčín, Faculty of Social and Economic Relations, Študentská 3, 91150 Trenčín, Slovakia, Petrušová Dagmar ,   Alexander Dubček University in Trenčín, Faculty of Social and Economic Relations, Študentská 3, 91150 Trenčín, Slovakia
Published: October 2021

Innovation is currently an important source of economic growth. They are an integral part of modern economies. They contribute not only to the growth of the country’s competitiveness but also the creation of new jobs, the improvement of the quality of life, or the protection of the environment and sustainable development. Therefore, the aim of the paper is through selected indicators, e.g. the share of expenditures on development and research in GDP, expenditures on research and development per capita in the regions, the share of enterprises with innovation activity, the structure of expenditures on innovations, etc. to evaluate the current innovation activity of SMEs in individual regions of the Slovak Republic. Based on the results of the analysis, will also outline further possibilities for increasing and especially support from the state of this innovative potential of SMEs at the national but especially regional level. And because the Slovak Republic has long been one of the below-average countries in the field of innovation within the EU, possible barriers to the development of innovative activities of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Slovak Republic will also be identified.
LEADERSHIP COMPETENCIES OF FLEXIBLE TEAMS OF INNOVATIVE PROJECTS OF ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Volochaevskaya str. 11/1-199 Omsk, Russian Federation, Apenko Svetlana , Romanenko Mikhail ,   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Volochaevskaya str. 11/1-199 Omsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

Management of innovative projects of enterprises is carried out in conditions of high uncertainty and dynamism of environmental factors. Flexible management methodologies, which have been gaining popularity in recent years, are most suitable for such conditions. To ensure the flexibility of all project management, flexible teams are required, able to quickly adapt to changing situations and develop their competencies under new conditions. For flexible teams, new forms of leadership are particularly important, such as transformational, shared, team-based, and inspirational. However, there is a scientific and practical problem, which is the lack of scientifically based technologies of these forms of leadership and evidence of their impact on the quality of project activities. The purpose of the proposed study: to analyze the state and potential for the introduction of new forms of leadership in flexible teams, to show the relationship between the forms of leadership and the success of innovative projects of enterprises. The study was conducted using sociological and statistical methods, in particular, using a questionnaire and establishing the influence of leadership forms on the success indicators of the project. At the same time, the forms of leadership are studied as a set of different leadership competencies of project managers and project team members. Leadership competencies include: the ability to generate ideas and convince others of their usefulness, skills of involvement in teamwork, motivation to emotionally influence team members, and other competencies. The study proved that modern forms of leadership determine the success of innovative projects. They affect such indicators as effective use of project resources, the satisfaction of different groups of stakeholders, team development, achievement of project goals, and others. This conclusion, as well as the research methodology, can be attributed to the provisions that have scientific novelty and develop project management. The materials are of interest to researchers and specialists who study and develop issues of project team management in practice.
THE IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON THE MARKET VALUE AND PERFORMANCE OF THE COMPANY
Authors:   Innovation Center, University of Niš, University Square 2, Niš, Republic of Serbia, Milijić Ana , Popović Andrija ,   Innovation Center, University of Niš, University Square 2, Niš, Republic of Serbia
Published: October 2021

Intellectual capital as a driver of growth and development of technically and technologically intensive companies in the era of knowledge economy is the basic generator of creating superior company performance. The conditions of the “new economy” influenced the change of the business model of modern companies, whereby the identification, measurement, reporting, control and exploitation of the intellectual capital of the company became important in order to maximize the value of owners and other stakeholders of the company. The subject of this paper is to examine the impact of intellectual capital components on the financial and market performance of enterprises. This paper aims to show the degree of connection and direction of movement of financial and market performance of companies in relation to the concentration of intellectual capital in companies.
MEMBERS AND CULTURE, AN INTERWOVEN DICHOTOMY IN ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Università degli Studi Giustino Fortunato, Via R. Delcogliano 12, Benevento, Italy, Andreis Federico de , Leopardi Federico ,   Università degli Studi Giustino Fortunato, Via R. Delcogliano 12, Benevento, Italy
Published: October 2021

This thematic review discusses how Organizational Culture can develop and improve Human Resource Management strategies, procedures and tools to support and motivate new staff to meet organization, management and stakeholder expectations in a changing and competitive environment. Organizations are made by people; their value is created by the staff. Strategies involving human resources should have not only a supportive function, but definitely a central one. Organizational culture represents a phenomenon that manifests itself in the fundamental assumptions that guide an organization. It finds fulfilment in the behaviours, values and relationships that characterize the organization itself, both internally and with the external environment. In the modern organization culture represents a topical issue; it is considered an essential ingredient for the success of companies and organizations. It was in the 1980s that definitions of this concept, one of the most complex and articulated in organizational theory, were proposed as a coherent set of fundamental assumptions that a certain group has invented, discovered, or developed within an organization. This research aims to demonstrate how culture could influence the members of organization and, in the same way, that the latter influences culture. Particular attention will therefore be paid to the success of organizations that is also based on this fundamental cultural assumption. Organizational culture, in fact, has to be considered as a real phenomenon, cannot be taken out of context, but must always be related to the internal environment of the organization. The new human resources are in fact involved in the cultural process of the organization, which, even if not desired, develops anyway. For this rea¬son, attention to new resources must include a continuous approach to organizational culture and the promotion and support of the one which is best suited to organizational objectives.
MODERN PENSION TRACKING SYSTEM – THE CASE OF SLOVAK ORANGE ENVELOPE PLATFORM
Authors:   Orange Envelope, non-profit university spin-off, Závada 48, 99121 Závada, Slovakia, Danková Daniela , Šebo Ján ,   Faculty of Economics, Matej Bel University, Tajovskeho 10, 97590 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia, Králik Ivan ,   Faculty of Economics, Matej Bel University, Tajovskeho 10, 97590 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
Published: October 2021

European Commission has a long-term objective of tackling the demographic issues of EU member states by creating a network of national pension tracking systems. The initiative launched in 2021 aims to present good practices in building modern pension tracking systems. The paper examines key aspects of a modern, consumer-driven non-governmental platform providing users with the features of pension entitlements across all pension pillars in Slovakia. The methodology is built on the case-study where governance, research, front-end and data management issues are elaborated. The paper presents in-depth steps and robustness of microsimulation model applied for the pension tracking platform. The results could serve for other countries and modern PensionTech providers as a good practice and a guideline to create a comprehensive integrated pension tracking system with minimum development and operational costs and extremely short time-to-market duration.
SECURITIZATION AS A FUNDING SOURCE OF COMPANIES
Authors:   University UNION – Nikola Tesla, Belgrade, Faculty of Management, Sremski Karlovci, Serbia, Vukosavljević Dejan , Vukosavljević Danijela ,   University UNION – Nikola Tesla, Belgrade, Faculty of Management, Sremski Karlovci, Serbia
Published: October 2021

Securitization is in wide use and a component of many risk transfer mechanisms between various parties. It is based on selling risky assets in absolute form, as well as the synthetic transfer of specific risk aspects. This paper aims to define securitization, various contexts of its use, transaction participants and their motivation. Securitization in practice is a process in which loans, receivables and other assets are gathered into pools (packages). Money flows in connection with them are employed as well as economic value as support to securities settlements. Securitization is turning illiquid securities and illiquid assets into liquid securities and liquid assets. The final result of securitization is providing funding for activities of companies by selling their assets gathered into pools (packages), instead of using loans. Methods used in this paper are desk research, as well as the method of analysis, practical application worldwide, etc. This paper proves that securitization can practically be based on any asset the relative value of which can be determined, or which generates relatively predictable future income flow, which does contribute to providing funding of current business activities of a company.
ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY IN THE NONPROFITS: EVIDENCES FROM ONLINE CROWDFUNDING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors:   Escola Superior de Ciências Empresarias at Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Portugal and Information Sciences and Technologies and Architecture Research Center (ISTAR-IUL) at Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Portugal, R.C. Santos Márcia , Dias Rui ,   Escola Superior de Ciências Empresarias at Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Portugal and CEFAGE-UE, IIFA, University of Évora, Portugal
Published: October 2021

Through accountability, organizations provide key information for stakeholders enabling the latter to make an informed assessment of organizational performance. To achieve transparency, organizations must make information accessible and timely. During the crisis, as in the COVID-19 pandemic period, accurate accountability and transparency practices are most necessary so stakeholders can make informed decisions in an ongoing complex emergency. This study uses data available in an online crowdfunding platform to investigate to what extent are nonprofits implementing accountability and transparency policies regarding applications for funds published during the COVID-19 pandemic. A case study methodology is applied for providing evidence that nonprofits are not timely implementing transparency policies regarding fundraising campaigns. Nevertheless, results identify, in some cases, innovative accountability practices which impact funds raised must further be analyzed. These findings open up further investigations on the accountability of nonprofits during the crisis and on the online organizational transparency regarding fundraising.
RANDOM WALKS AND MARKET EFFICIENCY: GOLD, PLATINUM, SILVER VS ASIA EQUITY MARKETS
Authors:   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal and CEFAGE-UE, IIFA, University of Évora, Portugal, Dias Rui , Alexandre Paulo ,   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal, Vasco Cristina ,   IEFP, Portugal, Heliodoro Paula ,   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal, Santos Hortense ,   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to analyze the efficiency, in its weak form, in the markets of commodities, Platinum (London Platinum Free Market $/Troy oz), GOLD (Gold Bullion LBM $/t oz DELAY), SILVER (Silver – Zurich SW. francs/kg) and the stock markets of KOREA, CHINA, JAPAN, PHILIPPINES, IN¬DONESIA, from January 1, 2019 to October 20, 2020. To perform this analysis, different approaches were undertaken to assess whether: (i) the Gold, Platinum, Silver markets have more robust levels of efficiency when compared to Asian stock markets? The results of the variance test indicate that the random walk hypothesis is rejected in the Gold, Platinum and Silver markets, as well as in the Asian stock markets, with no differences between markets. These findings show that profitability is auto-correlated over time, with a reversal of the mean, because the values of variance ratios are lower than the unit, i.e., price fluctuations are not i.i.d. The results have significant implications for investors, as market inefficiency can affect the domestic and international flows of an economy. In conclusion, the hypothesis of market efficiency, in weak form, may be questionable, since the prediction of the movement of a given market can be improved if the out-of-the-current movements of the other markets are considered, thus enabling the occurrence of arbitrage operations. These findings also make room for regulators in these markets to take steps to ensure better information between these markets and international markets.
WTI OIL SHOCKS IN EASTERN EUROPEAN STOCK MARKETS: A VAR APPROACH
Authors:   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal and CEFAGE-UE, IIFA, University of Évora, Portugal, Dias Rui , Santos Hortense ,   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal, Heliodoro Paula ,   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal, Vasco Cristina ,   IEFP, Portugal, Alexandre Paulo ,   School of Business and Administration, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal
Published: October 2021

The 2020 Russia-Saudi Oil Price War was an economic war triggered in March 2020 by Saudi Arabia in response to Russia’s refusal to reduce oil production to keep oil prices at a moderate level. In view of these events, this study aims to analyze oil shocks (WTI) in the eastern European stock markets, namely the stock indices of Hungary (BUX), Croatia (CROBE), Russia (MOEX), Czech Republic (PRAGUE), Slovakia (SAX 16), Slovenia (SBI TOP), Bulgaria (SOFIX), from September 2019 to January 2021. The results show mostly structural breakdowns in March 2020, while the VAR Granger Causality/Block Exogeneity Wald Tests model shows two-way shocks between oil (WTI) and the stock markets analyzed. These findings show that the hypothesis of portfolio diversification may be called into question. As a final discussion, we consider that investors should avoid investments in stock markets, at least as long as this pandemic last, and rebalance their portfolios into assets considered “safe haven” for the purpose of mitigating risk and improving the efficiency of their portfolios.
TRANSPARENCY OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BANK LIQUIDITY, SOLVENCY AND PROFITABILITY INDICATORS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA AS AN INDICATOR OF BANK PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, University of Niš, Trg Kralja Aleksandra Ujedinitelja 11, Niš, Serbia, Novićević Čečević Bojana , Jemović Mirjana ,   Faculty of Economics, University of Niš, Trg Kralja Aleksandra Ujedinitelja 11, Niš, Serbia, Milenović Jovana ,   Faculty of Economics, University of Niš, Trg Kralja Aleksandra Ujedinitelja 11, Niš, Serbia
Published: October 2021

The banking sector is an important segment of the economic system. Strengthening the role of the non-banking sector, liberalization and deregulation on the financial market have encouraged faster development and transformation of the banking sector. The analytical significance of banks’ balance sheet information was previously used primarily for statistical and monetary analysis. In modern conditions, the financial statements of banks are a significant information resource for many internal and external users. The paper aims to, through the analysis of liquidity, solvency and profitability indicators of the 5 largest banks in the Republic of Serbia, according to the criterion of balance sheet assets for the period from 2017 to 2019, point to their trend in the banking sector, bearing in mind that selected banks make half of the balance sheet assets of the sector.