bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação dos níveis nutricionais de chás industrializados
Authors: Barros Daiane Domingos de , Falcão Anna Beatriz Barbosa , Catão Josefa Simere Barros , Ferreira Alieny Cristina Duarte , Catão Maria Helena Chaves de Vasconcelos
Published: July 2021

Introdução: Chá é a bebida mais consumida no mundo, logo após a água. Entender sua composição química é importante para analisar os efeitos no organismo. Porque, muitos produtos industrializados podem mascarar as porcentagens presentes nas porções. Objetivo: Investigar nos chás industrializados os níveis carboidratos, calóricos, glicêmicos, proteicos, lipídicos e sódicos na porção de 200ml. Método: Realizou-se uma análise comparativa de quinze chás de marcas nacionais e internacionais, disponíveis em Campina Grande-PB. Em seguida, foram classificados segundo a forma de comercialização (G1: engarrafados; G2: a granel; G3: sachês) e quanto a Natureza (diet e não diet). Resultados: No grupo 1, o Chá Preto Limão apresentou maiores valores para calorias, carboidratos e gorduras. O Chá Camomila sendo o mais proteico. O Chá Branco Tangerina e o Chá Branco Lichia tiveram maiores valores sódicos. A quantidade de açúcares foi equivalente nas amostras desse grupo. No grupo 2, O Chá Simioni 1Kg apresentou maiores valores calóricos, sódicos e proteicos. Gorduras e açúcares foram semelhantes para as amostras desse grupo. No G3, o chá Nestea pêssego obteve maiores valores para calorias, carboidratos e açúcares. O produto Matcha fruit cranberry grings 6g apresentou mais sódio. Proteínas e gorduras totais foram semelhantes para as amostras do grupo. Conclusão: Os produtos diet apresentaram maiores valores sódicos. Os chás não diet tiveram maiores concentrações calóricas, carboidratos, gorduras, proteínas e açúcares. Os engarrafados obtiveram maiores valores calóricos, carboidratos, gordura e sódio.
A importância do cirurgião-dentista no perioperatório de paciente com carcinoma de células escamosas: relato de caso
Authors: Gomes Tiago Porto , Silva Diego Filipe Bezerra , Freitas Gustavo Araújo de , Dias Isabella Jardelino , Filho Tiago João da Silva , Gomes Daliana Queiroga de Castro
Published: July 2021

Introdução: O carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE) constitui a neoplasia maligna mais comum da boca, afetando, principalmente, indivíduos com mais de 50 anos. Clinicamente, apresenta-se, geralmente, como úlcera persistente com bordas endurecidas, podendo a lesão estar ou não associada a vegetações, máculas eritroplásicas ou leucoplásicas. As localizações mais acometidas borda lateral de língua e assoalho oral. Objetivo: relatar um caso clínico de CCE microinvasivo em língua, enfatizando a importância do diagnóstico precoce e acompanhamento do cirurgião-dentista durante e após o tratamento oncológico. Descrição do caso clínico: Paciente do sexo masculino, 42 anos de idade, apresentou-se para avaliação placa leucoplásica em borda lateral de língua, do lado direito, com aproximadamente 2,0 cm em seu maior diâmetro, de superfície rugosa, contornos irregulares e limites bem definidos, o qual tinha aparecido há cerca de dois meses. Sob a hipótese diagnóstica de leucoplasia, realizou-se biópsia incisional, cujo resultado histopatológico foi CCE microinvaisvo. O diagnóstico final de CCE predominantemente in situ foi observado, após remoção cirúrgica radical da lesão. O paciente complementou o tratamento oncológico com radioterapia e foi acompanhado no período trans-operatório pela equipe da odontologia, para prevenir e tratar as complicações consequentes do tratamento radioterápico. O paciente não apresentou sinais de recidiva um ano após a cirurgia e ainda encontra-se em proservação. Considerações finais: O diagnóstico precoce foi de fundamental importância para o bom prognóstico da doença. Além disso, a equipe de odontologia foi de suma importância durante todo o tratamento oncológico.
The Islamic counseling construction in da’wah science structure
Authors: Riyadi Agus , Adinugraha Hendri Hermawan
Published: July 2021

Purpose -  The purpose of this study was to describe the Islamic counseling construction in the da’wah science structure.Method - This study used a qualitative descriptive analysis especially library research. The researchers examined the amount of literature relevant to the problem in this study.Result - The results showed that guidance and counseling are disciplines occupies a specific area of the human relationship in terms of the relationship that needs and helps each other. Relationship patterns like this, in reality, are built by a person or group of people based on different motives and values. One of them is the foundation of religious spirit in the form of awareness of the sacred mission as the basis for one’s activities in establishing relationships with other people. On this basis, the guidance and counseling activities are very appropriate when it is integrated with Islamic da’wah activities so that it becomes clear that the construction of Islamic guidance and counseling is in the structure of da’wah science.Implications – This study can be used to improve the skills performance of the Islamic counseling construction in the da’wah science structure.Originality - This research is the first study that used literature deeply about Al-Nadzariyah Al-Syumuliyah Al-Qur’aniyah in da’wah science.***Tujuan - Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan konstruksi konseling Islam dalam struktur ilmu dakwah.Metode - Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif khususnya penelitian kepustakaan. Peneliti mengkaji sejumlah literatur yang relevan dengan masalah dalam penelitian ini.Hasil - Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bimbingan dan konseling menempati wilayah tertentu dari hubungan manusia dalam hal hubungan yang saling membutuhkan dan membantu. Pola hubungan seperti ini pada kenyataannya dibangun oleh seseorang atau sekelompok orang berdasarkan motif dan nilai yang berbeda. Salah satunya adalah landasan spirit keagamaan berupa kesadaran akan misi suci sebagai landasan aktivitas seseorang dalam menjalin hubungan dengan orang lain. Atas dasar itulah maka kegiatan bimbingan dan konseling sangat tepat bila dipadukan dengan kegiatan dakwah Islam sehingga menjadi jelas bahwa konstruksi bimbingan dan konseling Islam berada dalam struktur ilmu dakwah.Implikasi - Penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kinerja keterampilan konstruksi konseling Islam dalam struktur ilmu dakwah.Originalitas - Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pertama yang menggunakan literatur secara mendalam tentang Al-Nadzariyah Al-Syumuliyah Al-Qur’aniyah dalam ilmu dakwah.
The effort of counseling guidance teacher in developing student learning motivation
Authors: Fahrurrazi Fahrurrazi , Damayanti Riska
Published: July 2021

Purpose -  This study aims to find out the efforts of guidance and counseling Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Madania teachers in developing students' learning motivation.  Method - This study uses a qualitative approach descriptive. The subjects of this study amounted to 6 people, namely 1 guidance and counseling teacher (BK), and 5 students of MA Madania. The data-collection technique in this study uses observations and interviews.Result - The results showed that the students who had done guidance and counseling realized that learning was important and had undergone changes. The changes were like before, they did not want to learn, when they were asked to study they avoided it, they also did not want to do assignments, and slept when the teacher was explaining and so on. When given counseling guidance, there are changes in which they start to have an effort in learning such as: willing to do assignments, study independently and study in groups with friends.Implications – The results of this study are expected to be input in improving several things that need to be done by counseling guidance teachers in schools.Originality - Motivational improvement framework with the efforts of BK MA Madania teachers in developing student learning motivation.***Tujuan - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya guru bimbingan dan konseling Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Madania dalam mengembangkan motivasi belajar siswa.Metode - Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Subyek penelitian ini berjumlah 6 orang yaitu 1 orang guru bimbingan dan konseling (BK), dan 5 orang siswa MA Madania. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi dan wawancara.Hasil - Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa yang telah melakukan bimbingan dan konseling menyadari bahwa belajar itu penting dan telah mengalami perubahan. Perubahannya seperti dulu, mereka tidak mau belajar, ketika diminta untuk belajar mereka menghindarinya, mereka juga tidak mau mengerjakan tugas, dan tidur ketika guru sedang menjelaskan dan sebagainya. Ketika diberikan bimbingan konseling, terjadi perubahan dimana mereka mulai memiliki usaha dalam belajar seperti: mau mengerjakan tugas, belajar mandiri dan belajar berkelompok dengan teman.Implikasi - Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi input dalam meningkatkan beberapa hal yang perlu dilakukan oleh guru bimbingan konseling di sekolah.Originalitas - Kerangka peningkatan motivasi dengan upaya guru BK MA Madania dalam mengembangkan motivasi belajar siswa.
Chemical speciation and risk assessment of heavy metals in biochars derived from sewage sludge and anaerobically digested sludge
Authors: Zhao Jiaqi , Qiu Chunsheng , Fan Xiaodan , Zheng Jinxin , Liu Nannan , Wang Chenchen , Wang Dong , Wang Shaopo
Published: July 2021

Dewatered sewage sludge (DSS) and anaerobically digested sludge (ADS) were pyrolyzed at 550 °C to investigate the characteristics of derived biochar and evaluate the risk of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb). The results showed that the pH value of the biochar derived from DSS (DSS-C) was slightly lower than that of the biochar derived from ADS (ADS-C), while DSS-C presented relatively higher specific surface area and total pore volume. DSS-C also showed higher H/C and lower O/C ratios than ADS-C, indicating a higher aromatic condensation and a lower polarity. Total concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb in DSS and ADS increased significantly after pyrolysis owing to the thermal decomposition of organic matter in the sludge, with corresponding rise of the Nemerow pollution index (NPI) of the biochars compared with the raw sludge. In addition, the sequential extraction procedure (BCR) analysis revealed that the pyrolysis process promoted the transformation of heavy metals from bio-available fractions to stable fractions. The potential environmental risk of heavy metals decreased from moderate and extremely high levels in the DSS and ADS to low risk and moderate levels in DSS-C and ADS-C after pyrolysis, respectively.
COVID-19: neurological sequelae
Authors:   regon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA, Spencer P.S. , Román G. ,   Houston Methodist Hospital, 6560 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA, Buguet A. ,   University Claude-Bernard Lyon-1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France, Guekht A. ,   Scientific and Practical Psychoneurological Center named after Z.P. Solovyov, 43 Donskaya Str., 115419, Moscow, Russian Federation, Reis J. ,   Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France and Association RISE, 67205 Oberhausbergen, France
Published: July 2021

COVID-19, the human primarily respiratory disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, commonly involves the nervous system, the effects of which may persist for many months. Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 include relapsing and remitting neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms that can affect children and adults, including those who had mild acute illness. Since longer-term adverse effects on the central and peripheral nervous system of COVID-19 cannot be excluded, patient and societal health trends should be monitored going forward. Urgent present needs include not only global immunization against SARS-CoV-2 but also the reestablishment of lapsed mass vaccination programs to prevent resurgence of other viral diseases (e.g., measles, polio) that can impact the nervous system.
Assessing risks caused by nickel-based nanomaterials: hazardous factor identification
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustinsky lane, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation, Gmoshinski I.V. , Khotimchenko S.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 4 Bldg., 2 Bol'shaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow, 119435, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

Nanoparticles of nickel (Ni) and its compounds attract a lot of attention bearing in mind their promising innovative properties allowing their use as catalysts, components in electrical appliances, electronic devices and photonic appliances, and materials used in producing medications, diagnostic preparations, and pesticides. Production volumes of these materials in their nano-form are likely to grow rapidly in the nearest future and it involves greater loads created by these nanomaterials on a human body. And we should remember that Ni and its compounds are highly toxic for humans even in their traditional disperse forms. Their toxicity induces oxidative stress, cellular membranes and mitochondria dysfunction, expression of nuclear transcription factors that are responsible for apoptosis, caspases, as well as proto-oncogenes. Leading role in toxicity of Ni-containing nanomaterials obviously belongs to ions of heavy Ni++ being emitted from them since this heavy metal has pro-oxidant properties and influences enzyme activity and gene expression. Cytotoxic effects produced by Ni-containing nanomaterials were revealed in Model experiments in vitro performed with suing cellular cultures that were morphologically and functionally similar to epithelial cells of respiratory and gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys, and nervous system; these materials were able to stimulate oxidant stress, influence expression of apoptosis proteins and nuclear transcription factors, induce apoptosis and necrosis. There are data indicating that Ni-containing nanomaterials can produce malignant transforming effects in vitro. All the above mentioned proves that nickel compounds in their nanoform are a new hazardous factor that requires assessing related risks for workers, consumer, and population in general. Our review focuses on analyzing literature sources on cytotoxicity of Ni-containing nanomaterials and their effects produced on molecular-genetic and cellular levels taken over a period starting from 2011.
Poprawna interpretacja kan. 538 § 3 i kan. 1110 z Kodeksu Jana Pawła II. Dwa zapytania z Krakowa do Papieskiej Rady ds. Tekstów Prawnych
Authors: Rozkrut Tomasz
Published: July 2021

This article presents two inquiries directed to the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts by canonists from Cracow. The presentation in question was preceded by synthetic indication of rules for performing interpretation of the Church’s law, specifically the role of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts. This special Dicastery of the Roman Curia also provides answers to numerous inquiries, thus providing assistance to various authorities and individual people of faith in interpreting norms that are, basically obvious, but that raise doubts. In such cases it is used to clarify the arose doubt and contributes to correct interpretation of the existing law in practice. It arises from the provided answers that the institution of parish priest is regarded as stable, which is clearly stated in can. 522 of the Code of Canon Law. One of the elements that are a guarantor of the parish priest institution, though not listed outright by the general legislator, is a possibility to remain in the position until one reaches seventy five years of age. This also confirms that this age, that is determined in the Code, cannot be changed by the particular legislator in any valid manner. Thus, also the possible customs in a given Diocese that were introduced after John Paul II promulgated the post-conciliar code in 1983 that are in contradiction to provisions included in that Code must be regarded as erroneous, as they are not in line with can. 26. Explanation provided by the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts in regards to the arose doubt of a possibility to grant delegation by a personal parish priest to bless canonical marriage also occurred to be important in practice. Likewise territorial parish priest, personal parish priest has identical authorizations in this matter. As it can be observed, the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts provides very useful and competent help in solving various legal doubts that are of great importance for functioning of the Church. If even before getting competent answers a large number of canonist had similar views to those presented in explanations, which was actually demonstrated, then the answers provided by the Vatican indicate a definitive solutions to the arose doubts and at the same time encourage those who – assuredly not out of ill will –succumbed to very subjective and erroneous interpretation, to correct it.
Soborowe źródła prawa małżeńskiego w Kodeksie prawa kanonicznego z 1983 roku
Authors: Saj Marek
Published: July 2021

Documents of the Second Vatican Council became essential root of the Canon Code Law of 1983. There is a number of references to conciliar constitutions, decrees and declarations in each Canon Book. This is true also in regard to the marital law included in Ćanons 1055-1165. Amongst sources which were inspirations for the aforementioned marital law there were the following constitutions: Sacrosanctum Concilium, Lumen gentium, and Gaudium et spes; and decrees: Orientalium...., Unitatis..., Christus...and Apostolicum and also Gravissimum. Lawmaker makes 34 references to these documents. The conducted analysis allows to show to what extend norms of the marital law remain under the  influence of the Second Vatican Council.
Poważny brak rozeznania oceniającego (kan. 1095, n. 2 KPK) w wyroku Roty Rzymskiej c. Caberletti z 20 listopada 2018 roku
Authors: Góralski Wojciech
Published: July 2021

The sentence of the Roman Rota, c. Caberletti, concerns the marriage of a 34-year-old man, which was concluded in a certain haste. Therefore, from the very beginning the parties lived side by side, and after less than two years they broke up. The immediate reason for the claimant's departure was the defendant's infertility. The case for nullity was initiated by a man pointing to two grounds of nullity: a mistake as to the attribute of a woman intended directly and principally (can. 1097 § 2 CIC) and the exclusion of the indissolubility of marriage by the woman (can. 1101 § 2 CIC). After the handing down (in 2006) of a negative verdict on both headings, the man resigned from the appeal. However, wishing to regulate his civil status, after eight years (in 2014) he applied for the nullity of his marriage to another Tribunal – this time due to a grave defect of discretion of judgment the essential matrimonial tights and duties mutually to be handed over and accepted (can. 1095, n. 2 CIC). Two years later, nullity of the marriage had not been ruled, and the man appealed against it to the Roman Rota, where a positive decision was made.

The opinion of an expert in a rotating instance played a significant role in the positive outcome of the case.
Promises of Lipid-based Drug Delivery Systems in the Management of Breast Cancer
Authors: Thotakura Nagarani , Gupta Madan M. , Rajawat Jitendra S. , Raza Kaisar
Published: July 2021

Breast cancer is one of the leading types among the common non-cutaneous malignancies in women.
All the curative methods available for its treatment are minimal due to their toxicity issues and dose-related
side effects. Various evolving nanotechnology techniques displayed the opportunity to target breast cancer. One
such delivery system is lipid-based drug delivery systems (LDDS). This concept is constrained only for the laboratory
scale should be shifted to the industrial level targeting the nanomedicine with clinical benefits. This
work tried to portray the advancements in the LDDS along with the lipid-based excipients, advantages, disadvantages
and applications. It even helped in highlighting the recently developed lipid-based nanocarriers for
breast cancer management.
Antifungal and Allelopathic Activities of Sesquiterpenes from Solidago canadensis
Authors: Liu Na , Song Meina , Sun Yulin , Yang Fengying , Yu Haina , Wu Cong , Sun Yilin , Chang Wenqiang , Ge Di , Zhang Hua
Published: July 2021

One new eudesmane sesquiterpene 1 and one new chromolaevane sesquiterpene 2,
along with 19 known compounds, have been isolated from the invasive plant Solidago canadensis.
Their structures were established by spectroscopic means, including 1D/2D-NMR
and HR-ESIMS analyses. Compounds 10 and 12, in combination with fluconazole, showed
significant activity in an in vitro synergistic antifungal assay against Candida albicans, with
FIC values of <0.15625 and <0.28125, respectively. Meanwhile, the allelopathic effects of
these sesquiterpenes on Arabidopsis seed germination were also tested. Compounds 5, 7, 17
and 18 retarded the seed germination of Arabidopsis with IC50 values ranging from 9.1 to 41
μg/mL, while other compounds showed no obvious inhibitory effects.
Toolbox for α-Amination Reactions
Authors: Poeira Diogo L. , Marques Maria Manuel B. , Negrão Ana Cláudia R. , Macara João
Published: July 2021

:

In the past few years, the number of protocols for α-amination of carbonyl compounds
has dramatically increased, highlighting the importance of this moiety. While some
classical approaches continue to be used, supported by novel catalysts, new methods with
unique advantages have also emerged. Among these, a wide variety of conditions can be observed,
such as the use of umpoled enolates with nucleophilic nitrogen sources, the generation
of electrophilic nitrogen sources, and oxidative methods, generally through the generation of
radical species. This review aims to compile the most recent publications for the α-amination
of carbonyls on the basis of synthetic utility, novel transformations, and enantioselectivity.
Dibenzofurans from Lichens – A Pharmacological Overview
Authors: Ureña-Vacas Isabel , Burgos Elena González , Divakar Pradeep Kumar , Gómez-Serranillos Maria Pilar
Published: July 2021

Lichens are a symbiotic association between a fungus (mycobiont) and a green algae/-
cyanobacterium (photobiont). Lichens are a source of secondary metabolites, most of them being
exclusively for these species, among which dibenzofurans are found. Dibenzofurans are a small
group (over 35 different identified compounds), being usnic acid the most studied. In the last 10
years, there has been a growing interest in the pharmacological activity of dibenzofurans. In this
work, dibenzofurans isolated from lichens (alectosarmentin, condidymic acid, didymic acid, isousnic
acid, isostrepsilic acid, usimines A-C and usnic acid) were reviewed, most of which showed
antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities. These findings provide future guidance for research
on pharmacological activity of dibenzofurans.
Bis-triazole-containing Compounds with Anticancer Potential: A Short Review
Authors: Gao Meixiang , Diao Qiang , Gao Feng , Sun Xiangyang , Xiao Jiaqi
Published: July 2021

:

The development of novel anticancer agents with high efficiency is of great importance
due to the severe anticancer scenario of the currently used drugs. Dimerization is a useful method
to develop new drug candidates with a broad biological spectrum, enhanced activity and potency to
overcome drug resistance. A wide variety of bis-triazole-containing compounds have been developed
with improved properties compared with their parent compounds. These derivatives could inhibit
tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis, revealing their potential as putative anticancer
candidates. This review covers the recent advances of bis-triazole-containing compounds as anticancer
candidates, and the structure-activity relationship are also discussed to set up the direction
for the design and development of bis-triazole-containing compounds with higher efficiency.
Imitating Hypoxia and Tumor Microenvironment with Immune Evasion
by Employing Three Dimensional In vitro Cellular Models: Impressive
Tool in Drug Discovery
Authors: Mukherjee Sukhes , Ray Suman Kumar
Published: July 2021

The heterogeneous tumor microenvironment is exceptionally perplexing and not wholly
comprehended. Different multifaceted alignments lead to the generation of oxygen destitute situations
within the tumor niche that modulate numerous intrinsic tumor microenvironments. Disentangling
these communications is vital for scheming practical therapeutic approaches that can successfully
decrease tumor allied chemotherapy resistance by utilizing the innate capability of the immune
system. Several research groups are concerned with a protruding role for oxygen metabolism
along with hypoxia in the immunity of healthy tissue. Hypoxia, in addition to hypoxia-inducible
factors (HIFs) in the tumor microenvironment, plays an important part in tumor progression and endurance.
Although numerous hypoxia-focused therapies have shown promising outcomes both in
vitro and in vivo, these outcomes have not effectively translated into clinical preliminaries. Distinctive
cell culture techniques have been utilized as an in vitro model for tumor niche along with tumor
microenvironment and proficient in more precisely recreating tumor genomic profiles as well
as envisaging therapeutic response. To study the dynamics of tumor immune evasion, three-dimensional
(3D) cell cultures are more physiologically important to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment.
Recent research has revealed new information and insights into our fundamental understanding
of immune systems, and novel results that have been established as potential therapeutic targets.
There are a lot of patented 3D cell culture techniques which will be highlighted in this review.
At present notable 3D cell culture procedures in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, discourse
open doors to accommodate both drug repurposing, advancement, and divulgence of new medications
and will deliberate the 3D cell culture methods into standard prescription disclosure, especially
in the field of cancer biology, which will be discussing here.
Features of Bioaccumulation and Toxic Effects of Copper (II) Oxide Nanoparticles
Under Repeated Oral Exposure in Rats
Authors: Stepankov Mark Sergeevich , Zemlyanova Marina Aleksandrovna , Zaitseva Nina Vladimirovna , Ignatova Anna Mikhailovna , Nikolaeva Alena Evgenievna
Published: July 2021

Background:

Currently, the range of copper (II) oxide nanoparticles’ (CuO NPs) applications
is expanding and the global production of CuO NPs is increasing. In this regard, the risk of
exposure of the population to this nanomaterial is increasing.

Objective:

The aim of the study is to investigate the patterns of bioaccumulation and toxic effects
of CuO NPs after multiple oral exposures.

Methods:

The particle size was determined by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic laser
light scattering. The specific surface area was measured by the method of Brunauer, Emmett,
Teller. Total pore volume - by the method of Barrett, Joyner, Khalenda. Twenty-four hours after
the final exposure, blood samples were taken for biochemical and hematological analysis, and internal
organs were taken to determine their mass, copper concentration and histological analysis. The
study was carried out in comparison with copper (II) oxide microparticles (CuO MPs).

Results:

In terms of size, surface area, and pore volume, the studied copper (II) oxide sample is a
nanomaterial. The median lethal dose of CuO NPs was 13187.5 mg/kg of body weight. Bioaccumulation
occurs in the stomach, blood, intestines, liver, lungs, kidneys and brain. Pathomorphological
changes in the liver are manifested in the form of necrosis, degeneration, hepatitis; kidney - proliferation
of mesangial cells, dystrophy; stomach - gastritis; small intestine - hyperplasia, enteritis;
large intestine - colitis; lungs - hyperplasia, abscess, pneumonia, bronchitis, vasculitis. Clumps of
brown pigment were detected in the kidneys, stomach and lungs. The mass of the stomach and intestines
increased, the mass of the liver, kidneys and lungs decreased. Pathomorphological changes
in organs are likely to cause an increase in the levels of activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate
aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, amylase, malondialdehyde concentration
and a decrease in plasma antioxidant activity. The proportion of segmented neutrophils
and the number of leukocytes are raised, the proportion of lymphocytes is reduced.

Conclusion:

The degree of bioaccumulation and toxicity of CuO NPs are more expressed in relation
to CuO MPs.
Withdrawal Notice: Graphene-Based Nanocarriers: A Review on Charac-terization, Ph-Light Sensitivity and Molecular Bio-Compatibility for Tar-geted Drug Delivery
Authors: Gade Akshay , Tate Mahadev , Fule Ritesh
Published: July 2021

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors and editor of the journal Current Nanomaterials, due to incoherent content.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

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Rezyliencja w wybranych kontekstach pedagogiki społecznej
Authors:   Akademia Marynarki Wojennej w Gdyni, Bzymek Agnieszka
Published: July 2021

This article is the outcome of projects implemented at the Daily Care Home at the Local Support Centre in Gdańsk, aimed at increasing socio-cultural activation and counteracting social exclusion. Among the activities, I especially concentrated on those based on a narrative biography, i.e., real life stories about key existential moments with particular emphasis on revitalizing moments, overcoming critical situations, but also on the lack of such experiences. Thus, the narrators conduct a critical reflection on building the ability to regenerate as well as on the sources of resilience, its potential, and ways of using it in the field of education. The article undertakes a reflection on possible activities of social pedagogy, in which I see the problems of resilience in relation to adult education, and it does not include, due to the complexity of the topic, analyzes of the heard stories.
Энергия поверхностного разряда в электродной системе параллельных полос
Authors: Лазукин А.В. , Никитин А.М. , Романов Г.А.
Published: July 2021

The results of an experimental study of the dependence of the energy of a surface barrier discharge on the value of the supply sinusoidal voltage with a frequency of 4 and 20 kHz in the electrode system of parallel stripes with a distance between them of 5 and 30 mm are presented. At a distance of 5 mm between the strips, there is a self-limited surface discharge in the electrode system. Self-limiting of the discharge leads to the fact that with an increase in the applied voltage, the energy invested in the electrode system increases more slowly than in the case when the discharge exists without restrictions. The energy of a self-limited discharge is 15-40% lower than the energy of a discharge that exists without restriction
Динамическая модель подводного разряда
Authors: Хлюстова А.В.
Published: July 2021

A dynamic model of an underwater electric discharge is presented. The method is based on a mathematical description of the dependence of the solution conductivity on its thickness during the formation of a vapor-gas bubble. The time dependences of the current and the voltage drop across the cell were calculated using expressions relating the current and voltage to the resistance (conductivity) of the solution and taking into account the periodicity of the processes. The presented model makes it possible to accurately describe the dynamic characteristics of underwater discharges based on the physicochemical properties of the solution, which makes it possible to predict the behavior of the discharge when using solutions with specified properties.
Моделирование спектра оптического поглощения межзвездной среды гибридными молекулами C-=SUB=-24-=/SUB=-H-=SUB=-30-=/SUB=-, C-=SUB=-32-=/SUB=-H-=SUB=-36-=/SUB=- и С-=SUB=-73-=/SUB=-Н-=SUB=-74-=/SUB=-
Authors: Чекулаев М.С. , Ястребов С.Г.
Published: July 2021

Accounting for the different contributions of the aromatic rings, separated with sp3 bonds, with ab initio method we constructed the hybrid cluster С73Н74 which UV spectrum matches the most noticeable absorption band of 217.5 nm, known from astrophysical observations.
Drainage in a Screw Press and Utilization of the Recovered Fibres after Thermo-Hydrolytic Disintegration of Waste Fibreboards
Authors:   Department of Wood Biology and Wood Products, Georg-August-Universität, Büsgenweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany, Bütün Buschalsky Fahriye Yağmur , Mai Carsten ,   Department of Wood Biology and Wood Products, Georg-August-Universität, Büsgenweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
Published: July 2021

A thermo-hydrolytic disintegration process qualifies as a promising option for recycling the waste MDF and preserving the fibrous morphology of the recovered lignocellulosic fibre material. This study aims to include a drainage process between the thermo-hydrolytic disintegration and the further utilization of the recovered fibres (RF) obtained using a screw press for removing the disintegration water (DW). In this context, the chemical properties of the RF (pH, nitrogen content, formaldehyde emissions) and the DW (pH, formaldehyde, reducing sugars and equivalents and nitrogen contents) were analyzed. Moreover, the RF material was utilized to produce recycled MDF panels, solely containing the RF (100%) and hence supplanting 50% of the virgin fibres (VF). The recycled MDF portrayed significant reductions in the internal bond strength (IB), and flexural properties (MOR, MOE): in the case of MDF made from 100% recycled fibres, about half the strength was reduced, and in the case of MDF made from 50% recycled fibres, the strength was reduced by 20-25%. The Thickness swelling (TS) of the recycled MDF panels was similar, while the water uptake (WA) was higher than that of the original MDF. The recycled MDF panels also exhibited a higher content of formaldehyde and emission. The findings recommend the application of a screw press process for prompter drainage of the RF and to utilize the RF obtained in combination with the VF to achieve adequate mechanical properties rather than using the RF separately for the manufacturing of the recycled MDF panels.
Experimental and Statistical Evaluation of the Interaction Effect of Recycled Aggregate and Water/Cement Ratio on Concrete Compressive Strength
Authors:   PPGECEA/UEFS, Av. Transnordestina, SN, Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil, Leite Mônica Batista , Lima Paulo Roberto Lopes ,   PPGECEA/UEFS, Av. Transnordestina, SN, Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
Published: July 2021

The production of concrete using recycled aggregates, obtained from the processing of construction and demolition waste, is extensively practiced worldwide. However, the effect of simultaneous adding fine recycled aggregate and the recycled coarse aggregate on the mechanical properties of concrete is still unfamiliar. This work aims to evaluate the influence of the water/cement ratio (WC Ratio), the fine recycled aggregate content (%FRA), the coarse recycled aggregate content (%CRA), as well as the interaction between factors on the compressive strength of concrete. Accordingly, a factorial design experiment was developed, analyzing these factors at three levels, which resulted in the production of 27 mixtures. These levels were: WC Ratio (0.50; 0.65 and 0.80); %FRA (0; 50 and 100) and %CRA (0; 50 and 100). Statistical analysis was performed on the response surface, and an enhanced approximation of the two-way interaction model was identified. The results indicate that the substitution of the natural aggregate with recycled aggregate shows a significant influence on the compressive strength, and its effect depends on the water-cement ratio. Furthermore, considering the interaction between the content and type of aggregate and the water-cement ratio is fundamental for obtaining the proper mix design of this type of concrete.
Practitioners’ and Policymakers’ Successes, Challenges, Innovations, and Learning in Promoting Children’s Well-being During COVID-19: Protocol for a Multinational Smartphone App Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Davidson Jennifer C , Karadzhov Dimitar , Wilson Graham
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

The advent of COVID-19 abruptly thrust the health and safety of children and families into greater risk around the world. As regional and local governments, nongovernmental organizations, communities, families, and children grapple with the immediate public health impact of COVID-19, the rights and well-being of children, especially those who are already marginalized, have been overlooked. Those working with children have likely encountered unprecedented challenges and responded in innovative ways in efforts to address the needs and rights of all children.

OBJECTIVE

This paper presents a protocol for a large-scale, multinational study using a new smartphone app to capture the real-time experiences and perspectives of practitioners and policymakers supporting children and families during the COVID-19 pandemic around the globe in relation to a children’s human rights 4P framework of protection, provision, prevention, and participation.

METHODS

This protocol describes a mixed methods survey utilizing a custom-built iOS and Android smartphone app called the COVID 4P Log for Children’s Wellbeing, which was developed in close consultation with 17 international key partner organizations. Practitioners and policymakers working with and for children’s well-being across 29 countries and 5 continents were invited to download the app and respond to questions over the course of 8 weeks. The anticipated large amount of qualitative and quantitative response data will be analyzed using content analysis, descriptive statistics, and word frequencies.

RESULTS

Formal data collection took place from October 2020 until March 2021. Data analysis was completed in July 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings will directly inform the understanding of the ways in which COVID-19 has impacted practitioners’, managers’, and policymakers’ efforts to support children’s well-being in their practices, services, and policies, respectively. Innovative and ambitious in its scope and use of smartphone technology, this project also aims to inform and inspire future multinational research using app-based methodologies—the demand for which is likely to continue to dramatically rise in the COVID-19 era. Mitigating the risks of longitudinal remote data collection will help maximize the acceptability of the app, respondents’ sustained engagement, and data quality.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/31013
Understanding Uptake of Digital Health Products: Methodology Tutorial for a Discrete Choice Experiment Using the Bayesian Efficient Design (Preprint)
Authors: Szinay Dorothy , Cameron Rory , Naughton Felix , Whitty Jennifer A , Brown Jamie , Jones Andy
Published: July 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Understanding the preferences of potential users of digital health products is beneficial for digital health policy and planning. Stated preference methods could help elicit individuals’ preferences in the absence of observational data. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) is a commonly used stated preference method—a quantitative methodology that argues that individuals make trade-offs when engaging in a decision by choosing an alternative of a product or a service that offers the greatest utility, or benefit. This methodology is widely used in health economics in situations in which revealed preferences are difficult to collect but is much less used in the field of digital health. This paper outlines the stages involved in developing a DCE. As a case study, it uses the application of a DCE to reveal preferences in targeting the uptake of smoking cessation apps. It describes the establishment of attributes, the construction of choice tasks of 2 or more alternatives, and the development of the experimental design. This tutorial offers a guide for researchers with no prior knowledge of this research technique.
The Impact of Telemedicine Visits on the Controlling High Blood Pressure Quality Measure During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ye Siqin , Anstey D Edmund , Grauer Anne , Metser Gil , Moise Nathalie , Schwartz Joseph , Kronish Ian , Abdalla Marwah
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Telemedicine visit use vastly expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic, and this has had an uncertain impact on cardiovascular care quality.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to examine the association between telemedicine visits and the failure to meet the Controlling High Blood Pressure (BP) quality measure from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

METHODS

This was a retrospective cohort study of 32,727 adult patients with hypertension who were seen in primary care and cardiology clinics at an urban, academic medical center from February to December 2020. The primary outcome was a failure to meet the Controlling High Blood Pressure quality measure, which was defined as having no BP recorded or having a last recorded BP of ≥140/90 mm Hg (ie, poor BP control). Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between telemedicine visit use during the study period (none, 1 telemedicine visit, or ≥2 telemedicine visits) and poor BP control; we adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics.

RESULTS

During the study period, no BP was recorded for 2.3% (486/20,745) of patients with in-person visits only, 27.1% (1863/6878) of patients with 1 telemedicine visit, and 25% (1277/5104) of patients with ≥2 telemedicine visits. After adjustment, telemedicine use was associated with poor BP control (1 telemedicine visit: odds ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% CI 1.94-2.18; P<.001; ≥2 telemedicine visits: OR 2.49, 95% CI 2.31-2.68; P<.001; reference: in-person visits only). This effect disappeared when the analysis was restricted to patients with at least 1 recorded BP (1 telemedicine visit: OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.95; P=.001; ≥2 telemedicine visits: OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.83-0.99; P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

Increased telemedicine visit use is associated with poorer performance on the Controlling High Blood Pressure quality measure. However, telemedicine visit use may not negatively impact BP control when BP is recorded.
Exploring Children’s Engagement in Monitoring Indoor Air Quality: Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Sunyoung , Sohanchyk Gregory
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Indoor air pollution is harmful to everyone, but children are of particular concern, as they are more vulnerable to its adverse health effects from air pollutants. Although mobile technology is increasingly being designed to support monitoring and improving air quality indoors, little attention has been paid to its use by and for children. Previously, we created inAirKids, a child-friendly device to promote children’s engagement with monitoring indoor air quality through a participatory design process. The next step is to evaluate its usability in the real world.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to investigate how inAirKids affects children’s understanding of and engagement with indoor air quality through a longitudinal field deployment study.

METHODS

We deployed inAirKids in the homes of 9 children aged between 6 and 7 years, and investigated their use for up to 16 weeks by conducting semistructured, biweekly interviews.

RESULTS

The results show that participants promptly engaged with inAirKids but quickly lost interest in it owing to the lack of engaging factors to sustain engagement. In addition, we identified 2 design considerations that can foster sustained engagement of children with monitoring indoor air quality: design interactivity for engaging in continuity and corporate hands-on activities as part of indoor air quality monitoring for experiential learning.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings shed light on the potential to promote the engagement of children in indoor air quality as well as considerations for designing a child-friendly digital device. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal field deployment to investigate how to engage children in monitoring indoor air quality.
Design of a Vaccine Passport Validation System Using Blockchain-based Architecture: Development Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Hsiu An , Wu Wei-Chen , Kung Hsin-Hua , Udayasankaran Jai Ganesh , Wei Yu-Chih , Kijsanayotin Boonchai , Marcelo Alvin B , Hsu Chien-Yeh
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 is an ongoing global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. As of June 2021, 5 emergency vaccines were available for COVID-19 prevention, and with the improvement of vaccination rates and the resumption of activities in each country, verification of vaccination has become an important issue. Currently, in most areas, vaccination and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test results are certified and validated on paper. This leads to the problem of counterfeit documents. Therefore, a global vaccination record is needed.

OBJECTIVE

The main objective of this study is to design a vaccine passport (VP) validation system based on a general blockchain architecture for international use in a simulated environment. With decentralized characteristics, the system is expected to have the advantages of low cost, high interoperability, effectiveness, security, and verifiability through blockchain architecture.

METHODS

The blockchain decentralized mechanism was used to build an open and anticounterfeiting information platform for VPs. The contents of a vaccination card are recorded according to international Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR) standards, and blockchain smart contracts (SCs) are used for authorization and authentication to achieve hierarchical management of various international hospitals and people receiving injections. The blockchain stores an encrypted vaccination path managed by the user who manages the private key. The blockchain uses the proof-of-authority (PoA) public chain and can access all information through the specified chain. This will achieve the goal of keeping development costs low and streamlining vaccine transit management so that countries in different economies can use them.

RESULTS

The openness of the blockchain helps to create transparency and data accuracy. This blockchain architecture contains a total of 3 entities. All approvals are published on Open Ledger. Smart certificates enable authorization and authentication, and encryption and decryption mechanisms guarantee data protection. This proof of concept demonstrates the design of blockchain architecture, which can achieve accurate global VP verification at an affordable price. In this study, an actual VP case was established and demonstrated. An open blockchain, an individually approved certification mechanism, and an international standard vaccination record were introduced.

CONCLUSIONS

Blockchain architecture can be used to build a viable international VP authentication process with the advantages of low cost, high interoperability, effectiveness, security, and verifiability.