bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Operando com conceitos de Bourdieu: produtividade em pesquisa e hierarquias acadêmicas no campo da educação
Authors: Cock Juliana Cristina Araujo do Nascimento , Antunes Ana Luisa , Rodrigues Rosane Pinto , Santos Débora da Silva Lopes , Araujo João Paulo Ferraro Turano de
Published: October 2018

Resumo O presente artigo é um estudo exploratório sobre o campo empírico da educação. A construção do objeto emergiu com o intuito de pôr em jogo coisas teóricas e operar com os conceitos de Pierre Bourdieu. O objeto da investigação são as universidades na composição das hierarquias acadêmico-científicas, o que se corporifica também no volume e na estrutura de capitais dos seus pesquisadores com bolsa de Produtividade em Pesquisa 1A (PQ-1A) e Produtividade Sênior (PQ-Sr) do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). O desenvolvimento ocorreu a partir de leituras de textos de referência e debate coletivo sobre a obra de Bourdieu intitulada Os usos sociais da ciência: por uma sociologia clínica do campo científico , principal referência utilizada neste artigo. Os dados empíricos foram produzidos a partir de informações constantes na Plataforma Lattes (CNPq) e suscitaram hipóteses sobre os processos de capitalização de forças internas e externas ao campo universitário para caracterizar as estratégias e estruturas de capitais que garantem (ou garantiram) posições de destaque nesse campo. Os níveis mais altos estão sendo considerados os topos hierárquicos aos quais os níveis anteriores almejam alcançar, e esta análise intentou mapear a configuração das hierarquias institucionais no campo da educação. Longe de pretender uma análise conclusiva, este produto é uma primeira etapa na construção da pesquisa, em razão do volume de informações ainda passível de ser explorado e da clareza de que a complexidade dos fenômenos sociais inviabiliza qualquer pretensão de verdade no campo científico.
Grupos de pais-bebês nas creches como estratégia de promoção da saúde mental na primeira infância
Authors: Pesaro Maria Eugênia , Merletti Cristina Keiko Inafuku de , Pellicciari Fabiana Sampaio , Moratti Patrícia , Pimentel Cecilia Leach , Barreto Cristiane Palmeira de Oliveira
Published: October 2018

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a estratégia do grupo interativo pais-bebês em creches como intervenção psicanalítica possível para a promoção da saúde mental na primeira infância no campo educativo. Trata-se de um desdobramento da pesquisa Metodologia IRDI – uma intervenção com educadores de creche a partir da psicanálise, configurada como pesquisa APCC – acompanhamento pais-crianças em creches. Serão apresentadas três experiências, com diferentes engajamentos, tanto dos pais como das equipes, em Centros de Educação Infantil (CEI), fundamentadas em um dos princípios da educação terapêutica: sustentar nos pais o saber sobre seus filhos, para o fortalecimento do laço pais-bebês e para a constituição psíquica do bebê. Considerou-se, a partir das análises dessas três modalidades, que houve reposicionamento dos discursos dos pais sobre seus filhos como efeito da identificação entre pais e da interação entre eles e os bebês. O resultado foi o deslocamento das dificuldades dos bebês do campo da doença para o das dificuldades do desenvolvimento infantil, no qual os pais se tornam promotores de estratégias educativas para os bebês, apontando para o enlace possível entre psicanálise e educação no campo da saúde mental.
A theory on the performance of reinforced-concrete elements
Authors: Kar Anil K.
Published: October 2018

It has always been assumed that the bond between concrete and rebars, whether plain or ribbed, provides adequate engagement for the desired performance of reinforced-concrete elements. However, it is conceivable that the surface conditions of rebars could influence this performance. Tests have revealed that the performance, whether of flexural or compression elements, depends on surface conditions as well as on the configurations of rebars. It is theorised that besides depending on the strengths, dimensions and areas of concrete and rebars, the performance of reinforced-concrete elements is also influenced by the levels of effective bond or engagement between rebars and their surrounding concrete. This engagement can be governed, besides the properties of concrete, by the coupled effects of hardness and texture of the rebar surface, surface features and the configuration of rebars along their length. This knowledge has an added advantage in the design of concrete structures.
Potential CO2 leakage from geological storage sites: advances and challenges
Authors: Mortezaei Kimia , Amirlatifi Amin , Ghazanfari Ehsan , Vahedifard Farshid
Published: October 2018

This paper provides an overview of recent advances and remaining challenges in predicting, quantifying, detecting and mitigating carbon dioxide (CO2) leakage from geological storage sites to overlying aquifers and the atmosphere. Sequestering carbon dioxide in deep geological formations offers a promising solution for reducing anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. However, there remain critical questions regarding the storage integrity and leakage potential, which warrant further consideration. Leaking carbon dioxide out of the reservoir may affect the shallower subsurface – for example, the quality of drinking groundwater, which causes great health risk and public concern. In addition, high concentrations of carbon dioxide in soil would be fatal for vegetation near the surface. Trapping mechanisms and potential leakage pathways are discussed. A detailed review of monitoring methods including atmospheric monitoring, near-surface and subsurface monitoring methods are presented and discussed. In addition, recent numerical and analytical models for predicting the behaviour of carbon dioxide plume and leakage potential are discussed. Despite various research efforts and significant advances made on different aspects of this issue, further investigation is required to ensure safe and effective implementation of large-scale carbon dioxide sequestration projects.
Book review
Authors: Sheth Alpa
Published: October 2018

Building Structures: Understanding the Basics 3rd edition
Amorphous SiO2 nanofiber@CuO quantum dots with enhanced photocatalytic activity
Authors: Wang Kun , Zhu Gao-yuan , Xiao Qi
Published: October 2018

Amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO2) fibers (ASF) loaded with well-dispersed copper (II) oxide (CuO) quantum dots were prepared through a hydrothermal process using copper hydroxide as the precursor. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen gas (N2) adsorption–desorption isotherm measurements and ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectroscopy. It was found that the surface of the fibers was decorated with well-dispersed copper (II) oxide quantum dots with 5 nm average size. The composites, with a high specific surface area of 78·52 m2/g, showed fierce light absorption within the UV band and low light absorption within the 400–600 nm and exhibited higher photocatalytic activities compared with pure copper (II) oxide for the photodegradation of potassium ethyl xanthate (KEX) under incandescent light. A decrease in agglomeration and an increase in the specific surface area of copper (II) oxide particles may have contributed to the results. The combination of copper (II) oxide quantum dots and ASFs can result in a remarkable improvement in photocatalytic activity and may provide a useful method for the degradation of KEX.
İSTANBUL’DA GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN ÇAĞDAŞ SERGİLER ÜZERİNDEN SANATÇI, YAPIT, MEKÂN VE İZLEYİCİ İLİŞKİSİNE YÖNELİK DEĞERLENDİRMELER
Authors: ORAL Bülent
Published: October 2018

Sanat
tarihinde zamanın duygu, düşünce ve yaklaşım biçimlerini en iyi şekilde
yakalayabileceğimiz etkinliklerin başlıcası sergilerdir. Oldukça çeşitlilik
gösteren bu türdeki etkinliklerin yaygın türleri arasında bireysel katılımlı
kişisel sergiler ve birçok sanatçının katılımıyla gerçekleştirilen karma
sergiler yer almaktadır. Sergilerdeki etkinliklerin sanatçılar açısından
başlıca nedeni sanat dünyasında iyi bir yer edinme kaygısıdır ve bu durum sergi
salonunun sanat çevresini belirleyen bir mekân olma amacıyla paralellik
gösterir. İzleyici için amaç ise bazen sosyal bir aktivite bazen popüler sanat
dünyasına dahil olma arzusu bazen de sanata olan ilgi olabilmektedir. Bu
bağlamda sergiler, sanatçı, yapıt, mekân, izleyici arasında bir köprü görevi
görür. Bu sergiler ilk aşamada sanatçıya kendisini ve yapıtlarını en iyi
şekilde tanıtma fırsatı sağlarken sergi salonuna, gerçekleştirilen etkinlikte
sergilenen eserleri iyi bir şekilde mekâna uyarlama ve kamusal sanat alanını
belirleme işlevini görme şansı tanır. İzleyiciye ise bir etkinliğe dahil
olmaktan dolayı memnuniyet, yeni bakış açıları kazanma ve sanat çevresine dahil
olarak kendisini geliştirme fırsatı sağlar. Sergiler, sanat tarihine adeta
kayıt düşerek sanata süreklilik katar ve diğer bilim alanlarına etki eder.
Böylece sergiler, hem yapıtların önündeki hem de sergi mekanının dışındaki tüm
kamusal alana taşınan tartışmaları besler. İstanbul,
ülkemizin kültür sanat etkinliklerinin görünür olduğu en önemli kenttir. 2017
yılı yaz döneminde gerçekleştirilen sergiler arasında bazıları etki alanlarıyla
aynı kentte gerçekleştirilen diğer sergilerden ayrışmıştır. Bu sergilerden üçü
uluslararası karma, diğer ikisi de kişisel sergilerdir. Uluslararası karma
sergiler İstanbul Modern’de gerçekleştirilen 15. İstanbul Bienali, onikincisi
düzenlenen Contemporary İstanbul ve Arter Sanat Galerisi'nde gerçekleştirilen
‘Görme Biçimleri’ adlı sergilerdir. Kişisel sergiler ise ‘Genco Gülan: Antik
Gelecek’ ile İstanbul Modern’de gerçekleştirilen Roger Ballen ‘Retrospektif’
adlı sergilerdir. Bu
makale sergilerin gerçekleşme sürecini sanatçı-mekân-izleyici bağlamında
çeşitlendirerek, sanatçıları, yapıtlarını ve sanat mekanlarını eleştirel
yaklaşımlarla daha güçlü bir şekilde kamusal alana taşımayı amaçlamaktadır.
Böylece bu etkinliklerin farklı kesimlere ulaşmasını sağlayacak olan tartışma
zemini genişleyebilecektir.
Рождаемость в республике Молдова: европейские тенденции и национальная специфика
Authors: Гагауз Ольга Евсеевна
Published: October 2018

В настоящее время официальная статистика Республики Молдова, основываясь на данных о численности населения de jure (включая граждан, отсутствующих в стране 12 месяцев и более), дает заниженные оценки коэффициента суммарной рождаемости, что привело к отнесению страны к группе стран со сверхнизким уровнем рождаемости (lowest-low fertility).

На основе данных о численности населения de facto, а также результатов Переписи населения и жилищ 2014 г. анализируются уровень и основные тенденции в динамике рождаемости в разрезе условных и реальных поколений. Основная цель исследования – проследить, до какого уровня снизилась рождаемость в Республике Молдова и можно ли ее относить к странам с низкой или очень низкой рождаемостью (low fertility or lowest-low fertility).

Результаты исследования показывают, что трансформация рождаемости происходит согласно общей модели, характерной для большинства стран, завершивших или находящихся в процессе перехода рождаемости, однако характеризуется более низкими темпами. Для условных поколений рождаемость установилась на уровне 1,6-1,65 рождений на одну женщину, тогда как для реальных поколений, завершивших или находящихся на стадии завершения репродуктивного периода – на уровне 1,9-2,0 рождения. Даже для самых молодых поколений, достигших на момент переписи 35-летнего возраста (2014 г.), среднее число рожденных детей превысило значение 1,7. Несмотря на то, что в межпереписной период наблюдается сокращение среднего числа рождений к концу репродуктивного периода, среднее число рождений у женщин к 50-летнему возрасту составляет 2,1, а доля тех, кто не родил ни одного ребенка сохраняется на относительно низком уровне.

Основываясь на результатах исследования, автор делает вывод, что Республика Молдова не относится к странам с низкой или очень низкой рождаемостью (low fertility or lowest-low fertility), а сохранение более высокого уровня рождаемости по сравнению с другими странами определяется преобладанием сельских жителей в общей структуре населения.
Демографическое развитие постсоветских стран
Authors: Шульгин Сергей Георгиевич
Published: October 2018

В рецензии анализируется сборник статей и аналитических материалов «Демографическое развитие постсоветского пространства», вышедший в 2018 г. на Экономическом факультета МГУ в Центре по изучению проблем народонаселения. Сборник посвящен демографическому развитию стран, возникших после распада СССР в конце 1991 г. Основной акцент сделан на исследовании демографических процессов в этих странах за последние 25 лет (с момента их возникновения). В сборнике анализируется динамика численности населения, процессы рождаемости и миграции, особенности расселения и урбанизации, демографическая политика и многое другое. Авторы сборника заглядывают как в советское прошлое в главах, посвященных истории миграционных процессов (с 1950-х годов), так и в будущее: через варианты демографического прогноза отдельных стран до 2030 г. В публикуемой рецензии затрагивается лишь часть обширных материалов сборника.
Pagesos en un món de canvis
Authors: Soronellas Masdéu Montserrat
Published: October 2018

Aquest llibre observa i analitza les formes de vida i les estratègies socials i econòmiques de pagesos del Camp de Tarragona, a la Selva del Camp, en el període comprès entre els segles XVIII, XIX i XX. Al llarg d'aquests segles, els pagesos i les economies agràries en general shan vist sotmesos a un procés de progressiva dependència respecte a l'economia de mercat, que els ha empès a crear els mecanismes necessaris per adaptar-se a les noves situacions. Les pràctiques dels pagesos per assegurar la seva reproducció social s'han dut a terme gestionant els recursos propis de les famílies i, d'aquesta manera, les formes d'herència i de matrimoni han estat utilitzades estratègicament per regular la continuïtat del grup i del patrimoni familiar a cada generació. En la mesura en que la terra, la força de treball i els instruments de treball se sofistiquen i entren en la lògica del mercat, els pagesos es troben abocats a buscar nous mitjans, aquest cop externs a la casa, que els permetin seguir exercint l'activitat econòmica i mantenir la posició de grup social que, encara a hores d'ara, identifica la societat agrària catalana. La pluriactivitat econòmica i l'endeutament s'han revelat com a estratègies recurrents entre els pagesos per superar els moments de crisi, ho eren al segle XVIII i ho són avui. Un altre factor extern, consubstancial a la realitat agrària actual, és l'associacionisme agrari que sorgeix al darrer quart del segle XIX per afrontar una situació de crisi social i econòmica, que, lluny de resoldre's, ens ha portat fins a la situació actual de reducció dràstica dunes explotacions pageses que cada cop tenen més dificultats per assegurar la continuïtat.
Observar la lluvia en Cataluña: 150 años de registros
Authors: Saladie Òscar , Brunet Manola , Aguilar Enric , Sigró Javier , López Diego
Published: October 2018

En este libro se describe la creación de la base de datos de precipitación mensual ajustada de Cataluña. Es un estudio preciso y minucioso en el que se realiza un seguimiento de las observaciones pluviométricas registradas en el sector nororiental de la Península Ibérica en los últimos 150 años. A partir de los datos que se muestran y analizan en el presente libro se pueden llevar a cabo estudios sobre las variaciones y la tendencia de la precipitación.
Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en la educación: un proceso de cambio
Authors: Fandos Garrido Manuel
Published: October 2018

Estamos asistiendo a un amplio debate acerca de la utilidad de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) como herramientas pedagógicas. Se suceden experiencias e investigaciones que intentan aplicar estas herramientas a la enseñanza, aunque muchas veces se cae en el error de olvidar que el acto didáctico responde a un binomio en el que también debe tenerse en cuenta el aprendizaje. Sólo considerando este binomio se contribuirá a la mejora de la calidad educativa.
Gènere i creació d'empreses a Catalunya
Authors: Brunet Icart Ignasi , Belzunegui Eraso Àngel , Valls Fonayet Francesc
Published: October 2018

El Llibre Verd de la Comissió Europea estableix que és estratègicament prioritari promoure i donar suport a l'esperit emprenedor entre les dones. En el marc d'aquesta àrea se situa la investigació que es recull en aquest llibre, portada a terme amb el propòsit d'abordar els efectes de la divisió sexual del treball sobre la creació d'ocupació per compte propi.
Poder, estratificación social y salud
Authors: L. Menéndez Spina Eduardo
Published: October 2018

Este libro es uno de los textos fundacionales de la antropología médica internacional. Fue publicado inicialmente en 1981 por el CIESAS (México DF) y llevaba décadas agotado. Su reedición forma parte del compromiso de la colección de Antropología Médica de Publicacions URV de poner a disposición de los investigadores y estudiantes los clásicos. El libro corresponde a una investigación realizada a finales de los setenta en Yucatán y supuso en su momento un tratamiento original de los problemas de enfermedad, salud y atención en un medio multicultural. Se trata de una aportación fundamental al estudio del pluralismo asistencial y una obra pionera en la introducción de los análisis basados en la obra de Antonio Gramsci y de Ernesto De Martino en la realidad latinoamericana.
Distitive Accuracy Measurement of Binary Descriptor v2
Authors: Yee Tan Siok
Published: October 2018

Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) requires a descriptor that is robust to changes in viewing conditions in real time application. Many different descriptors had been proposed in the literature for example floating-point descriptors (SIFT and SURF) and binary descriptors (BRIEF, ORB, BRISK and FREAK). According to literature, floating-point descriptors are not suitable for real-time application because its operating speed does not satisfy real-time constraints. Binary descriptors have been developed with compact sizes and lower computation requirements. However, it is unclear which binary descriptors are more appropriate for MAR. Hence, a distinctive and efficient accuracy measurement of four state-of-the-art binary descriptors, namely, BRIEF, ORB, BRISK and FREAK were performed using the Mikolajczyk dataset and ALOI dataset to identify the most appropriate descriptor for MAR in terms of computation time and robustness to brightness, scale and rotation changes. The obtained results showed that FREAK is the most appropriate descriptor for MAR application as it able to produce an application that are efficient (shortest computation time) and robust towards scale, rotation and brightness changes.
Code-switching practices in a Malaysian multilingual primary classroom from teacher’s and students’ perspectives
Authors: Paramesvaran Malini Devi , Lim Jia Wei
Published: October 2018

This study investigates a teacher’s and three students’ perspectives on shared instances of code-switching practices in a Malaysian multilingual primary classroom. It seeks to explore and compare whether students perceive the same benefit of code-switching as the teacher does. This bridges the gap of previous studies, which mostly either focused on teachers’ or students’ perspectives on code-switching. Three 11-year-old multilingual students with different levels of English proficiencies and a multilingual teacher were selected as participants for this study. Four hours of English lessons were audio-recorded, and field notes were taken occasionally throughout classroom observations. An individual interview session was conducted with the teacher, and a group interview was conducted with the student participants. The findings showed that the teacher’s code-switching practices helped clear the students’ doubts, reinforced their learning, and encouraged student participation in English lessons. One participant shared the same perspective of code-switching as the teacher did. The other two participants, however, only found it beneficial when the teacher practised code-switching for explanations, especially when constructing simple sentences. Both of these students reported that too much repetition of some words bore them as these were previously learned words. The study concludes that not all the students rely on code-switching to assist them during English lessons.
Teacher-student collaborative assessment (TSCA) in integrated language classrooms
Authors: Shuguang Sun , Qiufang Wen
Published: October 2018

Assessing students’ productive performance is challenging in China because large class sizes inevitably lead to heavy workloads for teachers. To address this problem, a new method of assessment, teacher-student collaborative assessment (TSCA)—was proposed in 2016 to organize and balance different modes of teacher assessment, self-assessment, peer assessment, and computer-mediated assessment. The present study took one intact class as a case, aiming to explore how TSCA could be carried out efficiently and systematically in the classroom and how students perceived TSCA. Qualitative data obtained include students’ writing drafts and revision, interview, and reflective journals of the students and the teacher. Interview data indicated that the students responded to this type of assessment positively and thought they benefited greatly from the teacher’s instruction and peer discussion. This was triangulated by the students’ reflections in which all the students spoke highly of TSCA and agreed that this method was a good way to pinpoint their weaknesses and help them learn how to revise their essay better. The students reported that they formed a new perception of self-assessment and self-revision and felt that a lot was gained.
The effects of a narrative structure and English proficiency on university students’ speaking performance: Pausing patterns
Authors: Kurniawan Eri , Parwati Eka
Published: October 2018

Literature has shown that a narrative structure and narrative complexity factor into the speaking performance of L2 learners, especially those of lower-proficiency level of various L1 backgrounds (e.g., see Tavakoli & Foster, 2008). However, little research has looked at the issue with Indonesian-speaking learners of English. In order to fill this empirical void, this study examines the relationship between a narrative structure, English proficiency (intermediate and upper-intermediate), and the distributions of mid-pause of English students when performing a picture-assisted story narration task in English. Informed by a quantitative approach, data were collected from spoken texts drawn from a picture-assisted narrating task of 40 participants majoring in English at a university in Indonesia. The participants’ speeches were transcribed, and the mid-pauses produced by the participants were analyzed using a paired t-test. The English proficiency levels were determined by a standardized TOEFL-equivalent test the participants took at a language center. Results reveal that (1) the participants produced more mid-pauses when performing a tight structured narrative, and (2) they with different language proficiencies, intermediate and upper-intermediate, paused differently. That is, the oral performance of the intermediate-level participants was affected by a narrative structure, while that of the upper-intermediate peers was not influenced by that structure. These results may encourage language teachers and language testers to formulate certain strategies to enhance learners’ oral fluency by considering the effect of a task design on students’ speaking performance.
Exploring novice EAP teacher’s self-reflection as a platform for professional development
Authors: Hidayati Sari
Published: October 2018

Novice English for Academic Purposes (EAP) teachers are inevitably confronted with complex issues in their first year of teaching. This is particularly relevant in Indonesia, where EAP teachers are graduates of English Education departments and have no initial preparation for their tasks of teaching EAP. Professional reflection has the potential to assist novice language teachers, particularly those who teach EAP, to negotiate complex aspects in their teaching practice. For this reason, this single case study explored one participant’s understandings of and experiences with self-reflection as a form of professional development. Data were garnered from a single semi-structured, open-ended interview. The findings of the study suggest that the participant made use of reflective practice to merge theory and practice and build a systematic inquiry to construct his professional identity, which led to evidence-based decision making processes. Further, professional reflection also assisted him in negotiating challenges and engage in problem solving processes. Finally, reflective practice enabled the participant to consider institutional provisions and expectations for teacher professional development, which showcased his needs for professional development as a novice teacher.
Healthcare Reform Repeal Efforts in the United States in 2017: An Inquiry into Public Advocacy Efforts by Key Interest Groups
Authors: Hoornbeek John , Lanese Bethany , Albugmi Mutlaq , Filla Joshua
Published: October 2018

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was subjected to repeated repeal and replace efforts in the United States Congress in 2017. Attempts to repeal and replace the law failed, but penalties for not complying with its mandate that individuals purchase health insurance were removed in tax legislation passed late in the year and administrative actions taken by President Trump yielded additional concerns about the stability of the law’s reform approach and the expanded health insurance access that it created. This article explores public advocacy efforts by key interest groups from three major policy sectors—health providers, the insurance industry, and the business community—that had served as an “axis of opposition” to past American healthcare reform efforts. It identifies resource and incentive policy feedback effects that appear likely to influence these groups due to design features of the ACA and assesses whether patterns of advocacy efforts in 2017 are consistent with what might be expected if these design features had their predicted effects. Our assessment reveals patterns of interest group advocacy that are consistent with what might be expected to arise from resource and incentive based policy feedback effects, and interest group political dynamics that differ from what was in place prior to passage of the ACA. It also reveals advocacy patterns that are not well explained by resource and incentive based policy feedback effects, and—in so doing—yields insights that are relevant to the design of policy reforms and future research.
Cultural-historical activity theory: founding insights and new challenges
Authors: Sannino A. , Engeström Y.
Published: October 2018

The article presents central ideas and future challenges of cultural-historical activity theory, focusing specifically on the work of the so-called Helsinki school of activity theory. We first introduce the revolutionary roots of the theory in the works of Marx and Vygotsky, and the evolution of the unit of analysis through different generations of activity theory. We then discuss the foundational role of historicity and dialectics in activity theory. We identify two central epistemological-methodological principles that guide activity-theoretical studies, namely the principle of double stimulation and the principle of ascending from the abstract to the concrete. These principles lead us to emphasize formative interventions as a powerful way to conduct societally impactful activity-theoretical research. We conclude by pointing out some major challenges facing activity theory in the 21st century.
Revenue Competitions between Sovereigns: State and Tribal Taxation in Montana
Authors: Cahoon Heather
Published: October 2018

Tribal self-sufficiency and self-government depend in part upon a tribe's ability to raise revenue and regulate its territory, and the power to tax plays an essential role in both. Taxation authority in Indian country, however, has been one of the most litigated issues between tribes, states, and local governments. Until Congress enacts legislation clarifying jurisdictional questions, intergovernmental tax agreements can provide some level of certainty while safeguarding against costly litigation. As seen in Montana, agreements can be crafted in mutually beneficial ways that respect tribal sovereignty, making them an effective, if temporary, solution to the ongoing taxation competitions between sovereigns.
The Navajo Local Governance Act (LGA): A Help or Hindrance to Grassroots Self-Government?
Authors: Hale Michelle L.
Published: October 2018

The 1998 Navajo Local Governance Act (LGA) expands local control over local matters for the 110 community-governed chapters across the Navajo Nation. The expectation is that decentralized decision-making, planning, program implementation, and funds management may improve effectiveness and efficiency across all levels of Navajo government. This paper examines the viability of this approach to locally governed communities, describes obstacles experienced by aspirant LGA communities that struggle to meet Navajo Nation-established standards in financial management and administration, and argues for continued education and training to help realize local empowerment for the Navajo people.
Occupational Dissimilarity between the American Indian/Alaska Native and the White Workforce in the Contemporary United States
Authors: Liebler Carolyn A. , Wise Jacob , Todd Richard M.
Published: October 2018

Who has which job? When this answer differs by race group or sex, inefficiencies such as labor market discrimination or suboptimal investment in education may be impeding productivity and sustaining inequities. We use US Census data to analyze the occupational structure of American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) workers relative to non-Hispanic white workers. Relative to white workers, AI/AN workers are generally overrepresented in low-skilled occupations and underrepresented in high-skilled occupations, especially men and single-race AI/AN workers. AI/AN occupational dissimilarity does not appear to have declined substantially since 1980. Sex-specific multivariate analyses do not remove the significant inequalities in observed occupational outcomes.
Interstitial lung disease: search for the cause (a clinical case)
Authors: Vladimirova E. B. , Shmelev E. I. , Stepanyan I. E. , Zaytseva A. S. , Degtyareva S. A. , Dmitriyeva L. I. , Evgushchenko G. V. , Lepekha L. N.
Published: October 2018

Interstitial changes in the lungs could be caused by vast majority of diseases including tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, hypersensitive pneumonitis, metastatic injury of  the lungs, etc. Differential diagnosis of pulmonary dissemination remains an urgent  and challenging clinical task. This article is a review of published literature and  presentation of a clinical case of a patient with interstitial lung disease. The case  demonstrates diagnostic difficulties in identification the cause of interstitial lung  injuries. Interstitial lung injury was incidentally found in this patient and initially was  considered as disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis. In-depth diagnostic work-up  including lung tissue biopsy allowed diagnosis of lymphoid interstitial pneumonia associated with common variable immune deficiency. This case demonstrates  common misdiagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in a patient with interstitial lung injury.
Mechanical Ventilation in Adults with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome An Official Clinical Guideline of American Thoracic Society/European Society of Intensive Care Medicine/Society of Critical Care Medicine
Authors: Article Editorial
Published: October 2018

Adopted from: Fan E., Del Sorbo L., Goligher E.C., Hodgson C.L., Munshi L., Walkey A.J., Adhikari N.K.J., Amato M.B.P., Branson R., Brower R.G., Ferguson N.D., Gajic  O., Gattinoni L., Hess D., Mancebo J., Meade M.O., McAuley D.F., Pesenti A., Ranieri  V.M., Rubenfeld G.D., Rubin E., Seckel M., Slutsky A.S., Talmor D., Thompson B. T.,  Wunsch H., Uleryk E., Brozek J., Brochard L.J. An Official American Thoracic Society/European Society of Intensive Care Medicine/Society of Critical  Care Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline: Mechanical Ventilation in Adult Patients  with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2017; 195 (9): 1253–1263. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201703-0548ST

The aim of this guideline is to provide clinical recommendation on the use of mechanical ventilation in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods. This guideline is based on systematic review and metaanalysis of available literature on the use of mechanical ventilation in adult patients with ARDS.

Results. All patients with ARDS should be mechanically ventilated with the use of lower tidal volumes (4–8 ml/kg predicted bodyweight) and lower inspiratory  pressures (plateau pressure, 30 cm H2O). In severe ARDS, the prone positioning for more than 12 h/d is strongly recommended. In patients with moderate to  severe ARDS, routine use of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation is not  recommended; a conditional recommendation has been developed for the use of  higher positive end-expiratory pressure and recruitment maneuvers. CuОР –  ently, there is not enough evidence for the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients with severe ARDS.

Conclusions. Practical recommendations on selected methods to coОР – ect  ventilation disturbances in adult patients with ARDS have been developed.  Clinicians involved in the management of patients with ARDS should use personalized approach to the treatment of these patients.
Body composition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Bolotova E. V. , Dudnikova A. V. , Yavlyanskaya V. V.
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate body composition in patients with COPD using two methods, Quételet index and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and to compare their diagnostic values.

Methods. The study included 198 patients with COPD admitted to the Territorial Teaching hospital No.2, and 28 healthy volunteers. According to COPD severity,  patients were divided into 4 groups; healthy volunteers (n = 28) were included in  the control group. All groups were matched for sex and age. Anthropometry with  body mass index (BMI) calculation and BIA were done in all participants.

Results. The lowest average BMI was found in patients with severe and very severe COPD. Patients with infrequent exacerbations without decreased BMI had  reduction in fat-free mass (FFM) in 12.3% (n = 25); 14.1% patients (n = 28) had  increased body fat mass and decreased FFM. According to BIA results, reduction of  FFM was seen significantly more often than reduction of BMI (57.6% vs 30%; χ2=  58.71; p = 0.03). BIA parameters describing muscle tissue were significantly  related to the severity of bronchial obstruction (FEV1).

Conclusion. Investigation of body composition using BIA method should be used  as a tool for comprehensive examination of COPD patients, for personalized choice  of treatment and in rehabilitation programs.
A role of nitric oxide for the modern clinical practice: A scientific report at the 5th Pan-Russian Congress on pulmonary hypertension, December 13, 2017
Authors: Chuchalin A. G.
Published: October 2018

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Aesthetic management of complete calcific metamorphosis: a case report
Authors: AlDaiji Mona Tariq , Alsahaly Laila
Published: October 2018

Calcific metamorphosis teeth are a great challenge to the clinician. Its diagnosis and treatment procedures are of utmost importance in providing the best treatment. Understanding the mechanism behind the discoloration of teeth is the key to get the best treatment. Internal bleaching is one conservative treatment for complete calcific metamorphosis in certain conditions, where signs and symptoms of periapicalpathosis are absent. The present paper involves a case study of 36 years old Saudi woman who faced an injury 20 years ago and presented with yellow discoloration. The patient was thoroughly informed regarding the case; all the plan options were discussed with her prior implementation. Treatment plan comprised of internal bleaching without any endodontic root canal treatment. Vital bleaching is comparatively expensive and was not chosen since the patient had financial issues. The internal bleaching proved a more economic option for her. The patient signed an informed consent form after considering all the details of the procedure.
The Lesson Plans Of History Teachers Based On The 2013 Curriculum At Public Senior High School 1 Of Jember
Authors: Agusningrum Agusningrum , Soepeno Bambang , , Sumardi
Published: October 2018

This article is intended to describe the lesson plans developed by History subject teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Jember. The design of this research was interactive qualitative with the ethnographic design of case studies, assessment based on the analysis of interview results, observations, documents, and questionnaires. The data source under investigation was both primary and secondary data. The results of this research showed that at the lesson planning stage, the History teachers who were members of the MGMP school team developed independent lesson plans in accordance with the class level they taught. The preparation of lesson plans was carried out at the beginning of the semester or new academic year during in-house training and on-house training. The analysis of the lesson plans components showed that the lesson plans developed by each History teacher were in accordance with the provisions. The average score of 89 lesson plans was 131 or 73%. The composition of the lesson plans components referred to the process standard in The Regulation of Ministry of Education and Culture No. 81A of 2013, The Regulation of Ministry of Education and Culture No. 103 of 2014, and The Regulation of Ministry of Education and Culture No. 22 of 2016.
DAS MARGENS DOS RIOS À MARGEM DA SOCIEDADE: TRAJETÓRIAS DE MULHERES SATERÉ-MAWÉ NO TRABALHO DOMÉSTICO EM MANAUS, AM
Authors: Araújo Wagner dos Reis Marques
Published: October 2018

Esta pesquisa assumiu o propósito de verificar a situação às quais são submetidas as mulheres indígenas que saem de suas comunidades tradicionais para se inserirem no trabalho doméstico em Manaus. Buscamos também reconstruir fragmentos da história de vida e de trabalho de duas mulheres Sateré-Mawé, dona Zenilda e Zeila (Kutera), que se deslocaram de sua comunidade étnica de origem em busca de educação formal, saúde ou renda em Manaus, durante o período de instalação da Zona Franca. Diante da falta de oportunidades de trabalho formal, elas se inseriram no trabalho doméstico. Mesmo assim, podemos verificar pelas suas trajetórias de vida, que elas tornaram-se duas lideranças femininas de grande projeção dentro do movimento indígena. As questões norteadoras desta pesquisa consistiram em verificar quais são as determinações étnicas e de gênero presentes no trabalho domestico em Manaus, capital do Estado do Amazonas. Adotamos uma metodologia que nos levou a considerar os aspectos qualitativo e exploratório, quando a fala dos sujeitos foi imprescindível para a reconstrução de aspectos da trajetória de vida e de trabalho das mulheres da etnia Sateré- Mawé. Foram realizadas entrevistas abertas com cinco mulheres da etnia Sateré-Mawé, além da observação direta na Comunidade I nhã-bé, durante o período de abril de 2009 a agosto de 2010. Elegemos um referencial teórico que problematiza as questões de gênero que são determinantes na situação desfavorável que se encontra esse segmento humano. O conceito de gênero é empregado como uma categoria construída social e culturalmente, que envolve relações de poder sob os auspícios do patriarcado. A pesquisa mostra que há uma forte ressignificação na vida dessas mulheres que se deslocaram para a cidade, as quais vivem no limiar do urbano e do rural. Conclui-se, assim, que para muitas mulheres do interior amazônico o trabalho doméstico passa a ser o caminho para chegar às cidades. Essa situação as envolve numa teia de exploração permeada por questões de gênero sob o forte preconceito étnico.
A QUESTÃO DE GÊNERO COMO DIVERSIDADE CULTURAL NAS EMPRESAS: IMPACTOS DAS MULHERES E LGBT’S NA GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Santos Beatriz Rosa Pinheiro dos , Ottonicar Selma Letícia Capinzaiki , Souza Leonardo Pereira Pinheiro de , Damian Ieda Pelógia Martins
Published: October 2018

As organizações contemporâneas necessitam de informação para transformá-las em conhecimento, pois este faz parte do processo de aprendizagem. Além disto, a quantidade de saberes produzidos pelos funcionários demanda uma gestão específica e estratégica, a fim de armazenar o conhecimento para recuperação futura. Essa gestão depende da valorização da informação e do conhecimento como insumos para tomada de decisão, portanto, utiliza de sua cultura organizacional para implementar a gestão do conhecimento. Portanto, a pesquisa faz os seguintes questionamentos: a diversidade cultural pode ser considerada um fator crítico de sucesso da gestão do conhecimento? Como a diversidade cultural pode contribuir para a implantação da gestão do conhecimento nas organizações? O objetivo é refletir sobre a diversidade cultural na organização como fator crítico de sucesso na gestão do conhecimento. Nesta pesquisa, a diversidade cultural das organizações enfoca as questões de gênero no contexto do trabalho. Deste modo, envolve as mulheres e os homossexuais de modo geral. Discute-se ainda como a tecnologia pode criar um espaço para a expressão da diversidade cultural. A metodologia envolve uma revisão de literatura com enfoque interdisciplinar, utilizando obras das seguintes áreas: Administração, Ciência da Informação, Ciências Sociais e Economia. Os resultados e as discussões apontam que embora a questão do gênero esteja cada vez mais presente na sociedade e nas organizações, ainda são escassos os trabalhos relacionando gênero e gestão do conhecimento. Como considerações finais, ressalta-se que é premente a necessidade de estudos enfocando a temática já referida, visando a construção de organizações e sociedades mais inclusivas.
OLHANDO A REALIDADE ATRAVÉS DE UM CALEIDOSCÓPIO TEÓRICO E EPISTEMOLÓGICO: PROCURANDO COMPREENDER AS DIVERSAS FACETAS DA PROFISSÃO DOCENTE
Authors: Pompeu Dionas Ávila , Ferreira Laura Senna
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apontar alguns elementos significativos para análise da formação da identidade profissional das/os docentes. Para tal dividiu-se o artigo em duas partes. A primeira diz respeito a uma discussão de ordem epistemológica, ou seja, trata-se do processo de produção do conhecimento. Entende-se que há uma necessidade em elaborar conhecimento a partir das especificidades dos dados locais, rompendo com a incorporação direta e acrítica de teorias produzidas em outros lugares. Já na segunda seção há um esforço para construir uma interlocução minimamente coesa entre autoras e autores que trabalham com o tema da identidade. O objetivo é produzir ferramentas analíticas que possibilitem uma ida a campo de maneira mais organizada, visando, como apontado na primeira parte, um diálogo crítico em face da informação dada pela realidade deste que é pretendido encarar. Além disso, é relevante destacar que na profissão docente o gênero se destaca no que se refere a identidade profissional, entretanto, outras referências merecem atenção. Posto isso que há empenho aqui em – com a utilização do debate epistemológico e das ferramentas teórico-conceituais – dialogar o gênero com outras perspectivas como etnia, geração e geografia.
O ANTIAMERICANISMO ENTRE OS MONARQUISTAS COMO FORMA DE COMBATE À REPÚBLICA (1889-1917)
Authors: Giarola Flávio Raimundo
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo analisa o discurso anti-americanista adotado por alguns monarquistas após a proclamação da República no Brasil. Nosso objetivo é entender as representações dos Estados Unidos entre os restauradores e a forma como eles avaliaram as influências exercidas por este país na República brasileira. Nossa metodologia consiste na análise crítica dos escritos de monarquistas como Eduardo Prado e Joaquim Nabuco, principalmente, que, saudosos do Império e críticos do golpe republicano de 1889, questionaram a aproximação do país a um regime político tradicionalmente associado aos anglo-americanos, denunciando tal atitude como uma sujeição aos interesses imperialistas dos Estados Unidos. Desta forma, ao mesmo tempo em que defendiam a aproximação cultural e política com a Europa e exaltavam o Império como símbolo da singularidade nacional; representavam os Estados Unidos e seus habitantes de forma negativa, questionando suas “verdadeiras intenções” para com os países latino-americanos, além de repudiar sua influência nas nações mestiças de colonização ibérica. Como conclusão, defendemos que, para os monarquistas, o surgimento dos Estados Unidos do Brasil era uma afronta à nacionalidade, por recusar tudo que lhe era peculiar e, ao mesmo tempo, por tentar construir algo novo com base na introdução de princípios alienígenas.
REPENSANDO A GESTÃO E A ORGANIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO: PERSPECTIVAS DE INTERVENÇÃO A PARTIR DA PARTICIPAÇÃO DOS TRABALHADORES
Authors: Pimenta Amanda Maria Marques , Fagundes Elisiene Chaves , Araújo José Newton Garcia
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo apresenta o relato de duas experiências de pesquisa, realizadas com base na premissa de escuta e participação dos trabalhadores, a partir das clínicas do trabalho. A primeira pesquisa analisou a questão do reconhecimento dos empregados em uma empresa pública do setor de serviços; já a segunda permitiu discutir o trabalho dos agentes comunitários de saúde nas estratégias de matriciamento em saúde mental do SUS Betim. Ambas as experiências podem ser caracterizadas como pesquisa-ação, sendo que a primeira teve como referencial teórico a psicossociologia e a segunda a clínica da atividade. A análise das duas pesquisas em paralelo permitiu verificar que, mesmo se tratando de contextos muito distintos, a gestão das duas instituições é marcada pela submissão e ausência de escuta dos trabalhadores, o que causa sofrimento no trabalho. Por outro lado, a realização das duas pesquisas permitiu aos sujeitos se apropriarem de suas atividades laborais e passarem a sugerir mudanças, capazes de promover a saúde, a satisfação e o reconhecimento pela via do trabalho. O artigo contribuiu para uma reflexão crítica acerca dos modos de gestão atuais, bem como apontou a para possibilidade de construção de uma nova gestão que traga melhorias tanto para os trabalhadores quanto para as organizações.