bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tracing Return and Volatility Spillover Effect between Exchange Rate and Pakistan Stock Exchange Index
Authors: Habeeb Kashif , Ghouse Ghulam , Ashraf Asad Ali
Published: April 2021

The volatility spillover is broadly measured as the transmission of variability from one financial market to other markets. This study explores the spillover effect between the newly emerged index of the Pakistan stock exchange (PSX) and exchange rate by using the newly proposed alternative methodology by Ghouse et al. (2019) and GARCH model. Furthermore, the index under study is more concise in its composition than other readily used indices. The study finds shreds of evidence for the bidirectional spillover effect between PSX and exchange rate, which will be helpful for central policy makers and markets players in designing effective policy frameworks.

Keywords: ARDL; GARCH; spillover effect
RELASI GENDER DAN KEBERLANJUTAN KAMPUNG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN PANDAWA 5 CIBINONG, KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Ardinal Charina
Published: April 2021

Kampung Ramah Lingkungan (KRL) merupakan suatu gerakan pembangunan berkelanjutan berbasis gerakan masyarakat. Relasi gender yang berimbang dalam rumah tangga dapat mendukung keterlibatan anggota rumah tangga dalam pembangunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis relasi gender dalam rumah tangga anggota KRL Pandawa 5 dan hubungan antara relasi gender dalam rumah tangga dengan keberlanjutan KRL Pandawa 5 di Kelurahan Pabuaran Mekar, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Metode survei digunakan dalam penelitian. Tiga puluh dari 42 rumah tangga peserta KRL terpilih sebagai responden penelitian. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa relasi gender dalam rumah tangga KRL Pandawa 5 berada pada kategori cukup setara. Analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan suami dan istri berpengaruh terhadap kesetaraan gender dalam rumah tangga. Analisis korelasi Spearman memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat korelasi nyata antara relasi gender dan keberlanjutan sosial budaya dari KRL.

Kata Kunci: Kampung Ramah Lingkungan (KRL), KRL Pandawa 5, Relasi Gender, Pembangunan Berkelanjutan
KOPI SAJANG MENUJU DUNIA MELALUI PROMOSI DAN PEMBAHARUAN KEMASAN PRODUK SAJANG’S COFFEE TO WORLD THROUGH PROMOTION AND RENEWAL OF PACKAGING PRODUCTS
Authors: Sarjan Muhamad
Published: April 2021

Sembalun affections village subdistrict East Lombok district is a village located on the north slope of Mount Rinjani. The village has an excellent coffee commodity. However, there are some problems faced by coffee producers in this village, one of which is a matter of marketing. Village location away from the city made the affections of coffee marketing is constrained. This problem can be overcome by making a promotional tool. A promotional tool here can be a pamphlet, social media and so forth. Making the affections coffee social media aims to facilitate the promotion and the coffee can be known more widely. The method used is the preparation of the program, the renewal of affections coffee product packaging and manufacturing of social media such as instagram.
WORKSHOP PENYUSUNAN RENCANA PENGEMBANGAN KOMUNITAS BELAJAR PROFESIONAL GURU DI SDN 10 MATARAM DAN SDN 30 MATARAM
Authors: Affandi Lalu Hamdian , Saputra Heri Hadi , Husniati Husniati , Ermiana Ida
Published: April 2021

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan memfasilitasi guru mengidentifikasi tantangan dan rencana pengembangan komunitas belajar professional di sekolah. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, dan diskusi kelompok. Kegiatan pengabdian ini telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 8 Agustus 2019 di SDN 30 Mataram dengan dihadiri oleh guru dari SDN 30 Mataram dan SDN 10 Mataram yang berjumlah 27 orang. Melalui sesi diskusi dan Tanya jawab, tim pelaksana membangun kesepahaman dengan guru tentang pentingnya komunitas belajar professional sebagai alternative untuk mengembangkan profesionalisme guru dan perbaikan kualitas pembelajaran bagi siswa. Melalui sesi diskusi kelompok, guru secara bersama-sama dengan didampingi tim pelaksana pengabdian mengidentifikasi tantangan untuk selanjutnya menyusun rencana pengembangan komunitas belajar professional di sekolah. Beberapa tantangan yang dihadapi guru adalah budaya sekolah yang tidak sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip komunitas belajar professional, kurangnya dukungan dari tenaga ahli dan kepala sekolah, serta manajemen sekolah yang tidak akomodatif terhadap pengembangan komunitas belajar professional. Sedangkan rencana pengembangan komunitas belajar professional yang disepakati guru melalui kegiatan diskusi kelompok adalah menyiapkan sarana pendukung komunitas belajar professional, mengembangkan budaya sekolah yang lebih suportif terhadap eksistensi komunitas belajar professional, serta menjadikan pengembangan komunitas belajar professional sebagai bagian dari program kerja kepala sekolah. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini merekomendasikan agar sekolah membangun kolaborasi dengan kalangan perguruan tinggi sehingga mereka mendapatkan pendampingan yang lebih terorganisir dalam mengembangkan komunitas belajar professional.
PENDAMPINGAN REHABILITASI PSIKOSOSIAL PENYINTAS GEMPA LOMBOK BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL
Authors: Jiwandono Ilham Syahrul , Setiawan Heri , Witono A. Hari , Hazmi Hudian Yusfil
Published: April 2021

Gempa bumi yang mengguncang Lombok setahun yang lalu meninggalkan trauma yang mendalam bagi masyarakat. Trauma yang dialami diantaranya badan gemetar, pusing, linglung hingga menangis jika mati lampu. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk membantu penyintas gempa Lombok untuk memulihkan traumanya pasca gempa bumi. Adapun solusi yang ditawarkan melalui kegiatan yang berbasis kearifan lokal yang ada di daerah tersebut. Lokasi pengabdian ini dipusatkan di Dusun Mulagati, Kecamatan Kayangan, Kabupaten Lombok Utara. Metode yang dipakai dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dialami oleh penyintas dibagi menjadi tiga tahap, tahap pertama melakukan diskusi dan komunikasi dengan kepala dusun dan penyintas. Tahap kedua melakukan observasi kegiatan penyintas dalam kehiduan sehari-hari. Tahap ketiga melakukan eksekusi berupa pendampingan terbimbing dengan penyintas. Solusi yang ditawarkan yakni berupa pendampingan dengan memanfaatkan kearifan lokal dalam bentuk permainan tradisional yang familiar dimainkan oleh penyintas di Dusun Mulagati. Setelah kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan diperoleh hasil bahwa jumlah penyintas mengalami penurunan. Jika sebelumnya terdapat sepuluh penyintas dengan kategori trauma berat, kini hanya tersisa empat penyintas.______________________Kata Kunci: Gempa bumi, trauma, kearifan lokal
Alzheimer's Disease Mortality Trends in Turkey, 2009-2018
Authors: DOGAN Nurhan , DOĞAN İsmet
Published: April 2021

Aim: World population has aged as a result of developments and improvements in the living conditions, care and health services. The most important risk factor of Alzheimer's disease is age, and with the aging of the population, both prevalence and mortality rates increase. The study aimed to determine the trend of mortality rates due to Alzheimer's disease over the years according to gender and age groups, between 2009-2018.Methods: Alzheimer's disease-related data was obtained from the Turkish Statistical Institute death database. Age-standardized mortality rates were calculated through the direct method to the World Standard Population. Joinpoint Regression Analysis was used to estimate annual percentage change, average annual percentage change, and 95% confidence intervals.Results: Over the period observed, more than 95 000 persons died due to Alzheimer's disease (37 961 males and 57 936 females). Joinpoint Regression Analysis indicated that the trend in Alzheimer's mortality rates a significant increase of 13.3% (95% CI: 10.6;16.2; p<0.001) every year from 2009 to 2015, and a non-significant decrease of 0.5% % (95% CI: -5.3;4.7; p=0.82), from 2015 to the end of the period. When evaluated according to gender, both in females and males, mortality rates showed a significant increase from 2009 to 2015. And then until the end of the period a non-significant decrease in males and a non-significant increase in females.Conclusion: The findings from this study can provide information about current and future health planning and policy development in medicine, social work, public policy and public health.
Прихована ударно-маневрова оборона в умовах проведення операцій Об’єднаних сил
Authors: Варакута В.П. , Кумпан О.О. , Ткаченко М.Д. , Подвязніков С.М.
Published: April 2021

У роботі розглянуті види оборони, проаналізовані та визначені позитивні й негативні тактичні характеристики позиційної, маневреної, активної, передової та мобільної оборони. Наведені теоретичні розробки військових фахівців США та країн-членів НАТО щодо організації й застосування різних видів оборони. Обґрунтовані умови застосування прихованої ударно-маневрової оборони та принципи її застосування.
Аналіз методів підвищення інформаційної безпеки інформаційно-телекомунікаційної системи на основі біотехнологій
Authors: Ряполов І.Є. , Кметюк Я.І. , Дубинець М.С.
Published: April 2021

В сучасних умовах проблема інформаційної безпеки системи управління набуває особливого значення в умовах широкого застосування автоматизованих інформаційних систем. Забезпечення інформаційної безпеки повинно носити системний характер. В результаті проведеного дослідження встановлено, що існує велика кількість інструментів забезпечення інформаційної безпеки, які мають недоліки, пов’язані із захистом та дискримінацією, можливістю підробки паролю, невиконанням інструкцій по створенню безпечного пароля користувачем, існуванням і наявністю у вільному доступі спеціалізованих додатків для підбору і злому паролів. Людський фактор являється основним недоліком даних систем. Єдиного підходу щодо підвищення інформаційної безпеки інформаційно-телекомунікаційної системи Повітряних Сил не існує. Проведено аналіз застосування біотехнологій ідентифікації доступу з застосуванням стеганографічного методу захисту інформації. Метод підвищення інформаційної безпеки інформаційно-телекомунікаційної системи, в основі якого запропоновано використання процедури розпізнавання особи за райдужною оболонкою та реакцією очного яблука людини на подразники. Запропонований підхід щодо захисту інформації з використанням біометричних методів ідентифікації користувачів зменшить вплив “людського” фактору, що підвищить ефективність процедури ідентифікації та автентифікації.
Метод формування динамічного простору рівнів небезпеки зон в районі плавання при вирішенні задачі розходження судна з навігаційними небезпеками
Authors: Зазірний А.А.
Published: April 2021

У статті розроблено метод формування динамічного простору рівнів небезпеки зон в районі плавання при вирішенні задачі розходження судна з навігаційними небезпеками. Запропонований підхід дозволяє автоматизувати процес оцінки навігаційної обстановки для вироблення рішення, щодо маневру безпечного розходження з судном-потенційною загрозою. Наявність навігаційних небезпек та інтенсивність руху суден значною мірою ускладнюють судноводіння в обмежених водах, і створюють підвищені ризики виникнення аварійних ситуацій. На основі запропонованої моделі оцінки рівня небезпеки можливо визначити клас небезпеки в кожній точці району плавання. Даний метод базується на визначенні можливості настання трьох подій, а саме ситуації небезпечного зближення, ситуації зіткнення та ситуації зіткнення з катастрофічним наслідком. При чому метод дозволяє враховувати такі характеристики як екстремальність ситуації та стан судноводія. Це дозволяє будувати динамічний простір небезпек, в якому для схожих умов але для різних судноводіїв можуть виникати різні класи небезпеки. Застосування даного підходу надає змогу вироблення альтернативних (можливих) варіантів рішень з кількісними та якісними показниками. А можливість моделювання вироблених варіантів рішень та їх оцінки, із застосуванням зручного інтерфейсу за проектуванням динамічного простору рівнів небезпек на навігаційну карту, дозволить підвищити швидкодію системи підтримки прийняття рішень до режиму реального часу. Запропонований підхід можливо реалізувати в системах підтримки прийняття рішення судноводія без суттєвої зміни програмного забезпечення. Тому метод формування динамічного простору рівнів небезпеки зон в районі плавання при вирішенні задачі розходження судна з навігаційними небезпеками дозволить підвищити безпеку під час руху судна за рахунок підвищення оперативності та обґрунтованості прийняття рішення судноводієм в небезпечній ситуації.
Konsep Pemikiran Merkantilisme
Authors: Rafki Mirna
Published: April 2021

Artikel ini terkait dengan Konsep dan Pemikiran-pemikiran tokoh Merkantilisme.
Sejarah pemikiran ekonomi islam
Authors: Hinaya Inatul
Published: April 2021

artikel ini membahasa tentang Sejarah pemikiran ekonomi islam
TOKOH PEMIKIR MERCANTILISME DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT
Authors: Hikmah Nur
Published: April 2021

Pemikiran ekonomi merkantilis adalah kebijakan yang sangat melindungi industri, di dalam negeri, tetapi mendorong persaingan, sementara ada pembatasan terkendali pada kegiatan perdagangan luar negeri, kebijakan kependudukan yang mendorong keluarga dengan banyak anak, kegiatan industri di negara dengan tingkat upah yang rendah.
Using Twitter Data to Monitor Immigration Sentiment
Authors: Rowe Francisco
Published: April 2021

This repository contains the relevant data and code to replicate the analysis and results reported in the paper "Using Twitter Data to Monitor Immigration Sentiment", forthcoming in A practitioner Guide Book to be published by International Organization for Migration.
Characterizing Variability in Shared Meaning through Millions of Sketches
Authors: Lewis Molly , Balamurugan Anjali , Zheng Bin , Lupyan Gary
Published: April 2021

The study of mental representations of concepts has historically focused on the representations of the “average” person. Here, we shift away from this aggregate view and examine the principles of variability across people in conceptual representations. Using a database of millions of sketches by people worldwide, we ask what predicts whether people converge or diverge in their representations of a specific concept, and which kinds of concepts tend to be more or less variable.We find that larger and more dense populations tend to have less variable representations, and concepts high in valence and arousal tend to be less variable across people. Further, two countries tend to have people with more similar conceptual representations when they are linguistically, geographically, and culturally similar. Our work provides the first characterization of the principles of variability in shared meaning across a large, diverse sample of participants.
Between-person methods provide limited insight about within-person belief systems
Authors: Brandt Mark John , Morgan G. Scott
Published: April 2021

Belief systems are individual-level phenomena that describe the interrelationships of the political attitudes of a person. However, the modal study of the structure of political ideologies and beliefs uses cross-sectional survey data to estimate what is central to the belief system or the dimensionality of the belief system, aggregating across many people. Cross-sectional data, however, are ill-suited to the task of studying individual-level phenomena because they contain an unobservable mixture of within-person and between-person variation. In this project, we use longitudinal datasets from the Netherlands (representative) and the United States (convenience), spanning between 6 months and 10 years, to we ask whether between-subjects methods can help us understand the within-person structure of belief systems. First, we use Bayesian STARTS models (Lüdtke et al., 2018) to assess what type of variance cross-sectional studies are likely tapping into. We find that variability in measures of ideology and political beliefs is primarily due to stable between-person differences, with relatively smaller amounts variation due to within-person differences. Second, we estimate between-person, within-person, and cross-sectional correlations between all items in our study and find that between-person correlations are larger and in some cases differ in their direction from within-person correlations. Furthermore, cross-sectional correlations are most similar to between-person correlations. Taken together, these findings indicate that the modal study may help describe differences between people, but is ill-suited to tell us about the structure of individuals’ belief systems. New methods are necessary for a complete understanding of political attitudes that clarify both between- and within-person processes.
Observations and climate models confirm precipitation pattern is changing over Nepal
Authors: Talchabhadel Rocky
Published: April 2021

This paper presents a comprehensive picture of precipitation variability across Nepal over the present (1985-2014) and future (2021-2050) based on gauge-based observations from 28 precipitation stations distributed throughout the country and thirteen climate models of the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP 245 and SSP 585). Seventeen different precipitation indices are computed using daily precipitation data based on gauge-based observations and climate models. Along with absolute extreme precipitation indices, such as maximum 1-day, maximum consecutive 3-day, 5-day, and 7-day precipitation amounts, this study also computes the contribution of such instances to the annual precipitation. The selected precipitation indices not only allow for the analyses of heavy precipitation-related extremes but also guide the evaluation of agricultural productivity and drought indications, such as consecutive dry and wet days (CDD and CWD). The number of wet days and average precipitation during those wet days, along with the information of the number of days with daily precipitation ≥ 10, 20, 50, and 100 mm, summarize the distribution of total precipitation. This study emphasizes changing precipitation patterns by looking at these indices over the present and future periods. Observations and climate models show a changing nature of precipitation over Nepal. However, different climate models exhibit a different severity of changes. Though the yearly precipitation amount is not altered noticeably, this study finds that the extremes are expected to alter significantly than the averages. It is also to be noted that climate models are unable to capture localized extremes in Nepal Himalayas.
MODEL KEPUTUSAN TURIS MELALUI AKSESIBILITAS, AKOMODASI DAN MEDIA SOSIAL DI TANJUNG LESUNG
Authors: Soehardi Soehardi , Meutia Kardinah Indrianna , Dharmanto Agus , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Nursal M Fadhli
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa aksesibilitas, akomodasi dan media sosial di Tanjung Lesung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah turis asing dan domestik yang berkunjung di Tanjung Lesung dengan menggunakan accidental sampling. Analisa yang digunakan menggunakan uji validitas, reliabilitas, normalitas, uji t, uji F dan R square.  Aksesibilitas berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keputusan turis. Pembangunan jalan tol Serang – Panimbang, reaktivasi jalur kereta api Stasiun Rangkasbitung – Pandeglang dan Labuan membuat daya tarik bagi turis asing dan domestik. Akomodasi berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keputusan turis. Turis memutuskan untuk berkunjung ke Tanjung Lesung karena akomodasi hotel, beach and resort menyediakan kelengkapan wisata bahari dan eko wisata di Tanjung Lesung, meskipun kurangnya kelengkapan wisata kedirgantaraan. Media sosial berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keputusan turis. Turis lebih memilih mencari informasi melalui media sosial facebook dan website dari pada twitter, instagram dan youtube. Promosi Tanjung Lesung melalui media sosial lebih banyak menggunakan bahasa Indonesia dibandingkan bahasa asing lainnya, sehingga turis domestik lebih banyak yang berkunjung dibandingkan turis asing. Aksesibilitas, akomodasi dan media massa berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keputusan turis. Aksesibilitas merupakan indikator paling dominan dibandingkan indikator akomodasi dan media sosial. Keamanan, keselamatan, kenyamanan, kemudahaan dan kelancaran serta berkurangnya waktu tempuh dan  biaya perjalanan hingga tiba di destinasi wisata tanjung Lesung merupakan variabel penting bagi turis. Kata kunci: Aksesibilitas, fasilitas, media sosial dan keputusan turis
Steuervermeidung und liberale Steuertheorie. Ein Beitrag zum konzeptionellen Wandel von Besteuerungsgrundsätzen nach 1945
Authors: Leipold Alexander
Published: April 2021

Wenige Ereignisse von globaler Bedeutung haben zuletzt so kontroverse Debatten angeregt wie die Steuervermeidung multinationaler Unternehmen. Die politischen Reaktionen darauf scheinen einseitig. Die einst von der Finanzwissenschaft vertretene verteilungspolitische Funktion der Besteuerung spielt in der Krisenbearbeitung nur noch eine marginale Rolle. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird dies auf einen ideengeschichtlichen Wandel in der Steuertheorie zurückgeführt. Die Argumentation erfolgt in drei Schritten: Zunächst wird die Entwicklung der Finanzwissenschaft rekonstruiert, die sich nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg von den Sozialwissenschaften abgrenzte und dafür technische Argumente anführte. Als mit der Wirtschaftskrise der 1970er Jahre das Instrumentarium der Fiskalpolitik in Rede stand, kam es zur Rekonzeptualisierung von Besteuerungsgrundsätzen. Dieser Prozess wird an den für die Steuertheorie maßgeblichen Beiträgen von Klaus Tipke (Recht) und Dieter Schneider (Ökonomie) illustriert. Beide beziehen sich auf Ordnungsvorstellungen Friedrich Hayeks. Die von ihnen vorgeschlagenen Besteuerungskonzepte behandeln Steuervermeidung nur noch am Rande und verweisen auf eine Engführung der liberalen Steuertheorie. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Ausblick auf Forschungsdesiderate.
Ozone, Particulate Matter, and Newly Diagnosed Alzheimer’s Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan
Authors: Jung Chau-Ren , Lin Yu-Ting , Hwang Bing-Fang
Published: April 2021

Several studies with animal research associate air pollution in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuropathology, but the actual impact of air pollution on the risk of AD is unknown. Here, this study investigates the association between long-term exposure to ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), and newly diagnosed AD in Taiwan. We conducted a cohort study of 95,690 individuals’ age ≥ 65 during 2001–2010. We obtained PM10 and O3 data from Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency during 2000–2010. Since PM2.5 data is only accessible entirely after 2006, we used the mean ratio between PM2.5 and PM10 during 2006–2010 (0.57) to estimate the PM2.5 concentrations from 2000 to 2005. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the associations between O3 and PM2.5 at baseline and changes of O3 and PM2.5 during the follow-up period and AD. The adjusted HR for AD was weakly associated with a raised concentration in O3 at baseline per increase of 9.63 ppb (adjusted HR 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00–1.12). Further, we estimated a 211% risk of increase of AD per increase of 10.91 ppb in O3 over the follow-up period (95% CI 2.92–3.33). We found a 138% risk of increase of AD per increase of 4.34 μg/m3 in PM2.5 over the follow-up period (95% CI 2.21–2.56). These findings suggest long-term exposure to O3 and PM2.5 above the current US EPA standards are associated with increased the risk of AD.
Education Differences in the Adverse Impact of PM2.5 on Incident Cognitive Impairment Among U.S. Older Adults
Authors: Ailshire Jennifer , Walsemann Katrina M.
Published: April 2021

Background: Air pollution is linked to worse cognitive function in older adults, but whether differences in this relationship exist by education, a key risk factor for cognitive decline, remains unknown. Objective: To determine if the association between fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) and incident cognitive impairment varies by level of education in two cohorts assessed a decade apart. Methods: We used data on adults ages 60 and older from the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (HRS) linked with tract-level annual average PM2.5. We used mixed-effects logistic regression models to examine education differences in the association between PM2.5 and incident cognitive impairment in two cohorts: 2004 (n = 9,970) and 2014 (n = 9,185). Cognitive impairment was determined with tests of memory and processing speed for self-respondents and proxy and interviewer assessments of cognitive functioning in non-self-respondents. Results: PM2.5 was unrelated to incident cognitive impairment among those with 13 or more years of education, but the probability of impairment increased with greater concentrations of PM2.5 among those with 8 or fewer years of education. The interaction between education and PM2.5 was only found in 2004, possibly because PM2.5 concentrations were much lower in 2014. Conclusion: Education is a key determinant of cognitive decline and impairment, and in higher pollution contexts may serve as a protective factor against the harms of air pollution on the aging brain. Additionally, because air pollution is ubiquitous, and particularly harmful to vulnerable populations, even small improvements in air quality may have large impacts on population health.
Acute versus Chronic Exposures to Inhaled Particulate Matter and Neurocognitive Dysfunction: Pathways to Alzheimer’s Disease or a Related Dementia
Authors: Kritikos Minos , Gandy Samuel E. , Meliker Jaymie R. , Luft Benjamin J. , Clouston Sean A.P.
Published: April 2021

An estimated 92% of the world’s population live in regions where people are regularly exposed to high levels of anthropogenic air pollution. Historically, research on the effects of air pollution have focused extensively on cardiovascular and pulmonary health. However, emerging evidence from animal and human studies has suggested that chronic exposures to air pollution detrimentally change the functioning of the central nervous system with the result being proteinopathy, neurocognitive impairment, and neurodegenerative disease. Case analyses of aging World Trade Center responders suggests that a single severe exposure may also induce a neuropathologic response. The goal of this report was to explore the neuroscientific support for the hypothesis that inhaled particulate matter might cause an Alzheimer’s-like neurodegenerative disease, in order to consider proposed mechanisms and latency periods linking inhaled particulate matter and neurodegeneration, and to propose new directions in this line of research.
A new approach for detecting violation of data plane integrity in Software Defined Networks
Authors: Hessam Ghandi , Saba Ghassan , Alkhayat M. Iyad
Published: April 2021

The scale of Software Defined Networks (SDN) is expanding rapidly and the demands for security reinforcement are increasing. SDN creates new targets for potential security threats such as the SDN controller and networking devices in the data plane. Violation of data plane integrity might lead to abnormal behaviors of the overall network. In this paper, we propose a new security approach for OpenFlow-based SDN in order to detect violation of switches flow tables integrity and successfully locate the compromised switches online. We cover all aspects of integrity violation including flow rule adding, modifying and removing by an unauthorized entity. We achieve this by using the cookie field in the OpenFlow protocol to put in a suitable digest (hash) value for each flow entry. Moreover, we optimize our method performance by calculating a global digest value for the entire switch’s flow table that decides whether a switch is suspected of being compromised. Our method is also able to determine and handle false alarms that affect the coherence of a corresponding table digest. The implementation is a reactive java module integrated with the Floodlight controller. In addition, we introduce a performance evaluation for three different SDN topologies.
Evaluation of emergency management capability of urban community based on entropy weight and multi-layer fuzzy
Authors: Yuansheng Wang , Ying Zhang , Xinyao Guo
Published: April 2021

At present, various public emergencies occur frequently around the world, and the world has entered the stage of a “high-risk society”. Urban community as the carrier of all kinds of public emergencies, its role has become increasingly prominent and become the focus of the current research, but in the urban community emergency management capacity evaluation system, the related studies are still less. To more effectively identify the key internal and external factors that affect the emergency management ability of the urban community, and evaluate scientifically and effectively, on the basis of the existing studies, the evaluation index system of community emergency management capability was established according to the emergency management cycle theory. In view of the complexity and fuzziness of the emergency management capability of the urban community, a multi-layer fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on entropy weight was established, and the emergency management capability evaluation of community was carried out under the background of the public emergency event of COVID-19 epidemic. The results show that the evaluation results and improvement suggestions of the multi-layer fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on entropy weight are consistent with the actual situation, indicating that the index system and the selected method are reasonable and effective. This study provides a new decision-making idea and method for the evaluation of urban community emergency management capability, and has high application value.
A multiple criteria decision analysis for agricultural planning of new crop alternatives in Turkey
Authors: Ayvaz-Çavdaroğlu Nur
Published: April 2021

Agriculture is a crucial and strategic sector for developing countries. The agricultural sector in Turkey has been suffering from regression in recent years due to several reasons. In an attempt to reverse this process, we analyze the cultivation possibilities of high profit-margin crops in Turkish lands and develop a ranking among eight alternative crops. To perform a comprehensive analysis encompassing several dimensions, three MCDM methods are utilized; namely fuzzy AHP to determine the weights of evaluation criteria, and TOPSIS and PROMETHEE to develop a ranking among the crop alternatives. The crop alternatives are evaluated against several economic, technical, social and environmental criteria. The results favor the cultivation of soy bean, goji berry and buckwheat, while tamarind appears to be the least favored crop among the considered alternatives. The analysis results are enhanced with a sensitivity analysis.
A new resource allocation method in fog computing via non-cooperative game theory
Authors: Mohammady Talvar Houshyar , Haj Seyyed Javadi Hamid , Navidi Hamidreza , Rezakhani Afshin
Published: April 2021

IoT-based network systems use a modern architecture called fog computing, In which data providing data services is economical with low latency. This paper tends to solve the challenge of resource allocation in fog computing. Solving the resource allocation challenge leads to increased profits, economic savings, and optimal computing systems use. Here resource allocation is improved by making use of the combined algorithm Nash equilibrium and auction. In the proposed method, each player is assigned a matrix. Each player matrix includes fog nodes (FNs), data service subscribers (DSSs), and data service operators (DSOs). Each player generates the best strategy based on the other players strategy in all stages of the algorithm. The simulation results show that FNs profit in the combined Nash and Auction equilibrium algorithms is superior to the Stackelberg game algorithm.
Telerehabilitation for Communication and Swallowing Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Theodoros Deborah
Published: April 2021

Communication and swallowing disorders are highly prevalent in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The negative impact of these disorders on the quality of life of the person with PD and their families cannot be underestimated. Despite a demand for speech-language pathology services to support people with PD, many barriers to services exist. Telerehabilitation provides an alternate and complementary approach to in-person therapy that is patient-centered, enables timely assessment and intervention, and facilitates continuity of care throughout the course of the disease. This review explores the telerehabilitation applications designed for the management of the communication and swallowing disorders in PD, addresses the benefits and challenges of telerehabilitation, identifies future research directions, and highlights the potential of new technologies to enhance the management of communication and swallowing disorders and quality of life for people with PD.
Caregivers’ Perspectives on Privacy in Aged Care Monitoring Devices
Authors: Alkhatib Sami , Waycott Jenny , Buchanan George , Grobler Marthie , Wang Shuo
Published: April 2021

As people move into advanced old age, they may experience cognitive impairments and frailty, making it difficult for them to live without support from others. Caregivers might decide to use aged care monitoring devices (ACMDs) to support older adults under their care. However, these devices raise privacy concerns as they collect and share sensitive data from the older adult’s private life in order to provide monitoring capabilities. This study involved interviewing formal and informal caregivers who used/may use ACMDs to investigate their views on privacy. The study found that although caregivers consider protecting older adults’ privacy important, they may overlook privacy in order to gain benefits from ACMDs. We argue that ACMD developers should simplify privacy terms and conditions so that caregivers can make well-informed decisions when deciding to use the device. They also should consider providing users with flexible privacy settings so that users can decide what data to collect, whom to share it with and when.
Patient Flow Simulation Using Historically Informed Synthetic Data
Authors: Kenny Ezra , Hassanzadeh Hamed , Khanna Sankalp , Boyle Justin , Louise Sandra
Published: April 2021

Hospital overcrowding is a major problem for healthcare systems around the globe. In order to better estimate future demands and adequate resources for coping with such demands, statistical and computerised modelling can be applied. This can then allow healthcare administrators and decision makers to quantify the impacts of various “what-if” scenarios on hospital performance measures. This paper investigates the application of Discrete Event Simulation towards optimising Emergency Department resources while measuring overall length of stay and queuing time of emergency patients as a target performance measure. In particular, we explore strategies for generating historically informed synthetic data that helps the simulation model track patient flow through the target hospital over a future time frame. Using the developed simulation model, several resource configurations are tested using data from one of the busiest emergency departments in the state of Queensland as the baseline while quantifying the impacts of such changes on key patient flow metrics. It was found that adding a single bed (and associated resources) to the emergency department would result in a 23% decrease in average patient treatment delay.
A Chatbot Architecture for Promoting Youth Resilience
Authors: Holt-Quick Chester , Warren Jim , Stasiak Karolina , Williams Ruth , Christie Grant , Hetrick Sarah , Hopkins Sarah , Cargo Tania , Merry Sally
Published: April 2021

E-health technologies have potential to provide scalable and accessible interventions for youth mental health. As part of an ecosystem of e-screening and e-therapy tools for New Zealand young people, a dialog agent, Headstrong, has been designed to promote resilience with methods grounded in cognitive behavioral therapy and positive psychology. This paper describes the architecture underlying the chatbot. The architecture supports a range of over 20 activities delivered in a 4-week program by relatable personas. The architecture provides a visual authoring interface to its content management system. In addition to supporting the original adolescent resilience chatbot, the architecture has been reused to create a 3-week ‘stress-detox’ intervention for undergraduates, and subsequently for a chatbot to support young people with the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, with all three systems having been used in field trials. The Headstrong architecture illustrates the feasibility of creating a domain-focused authoring environment in the context of e-therapy that supports non-technical expert input and rapid deployment.
Intended Use of the National Nursing and Midwifery Digital Health Capability Framework
Authors: Woods Leanna , Cummings Elizabeth , Dobroff Naomi , Nowlan Shelley , Almond Helen , Procter Paula , Ryan Angela , Makeham Meredith , Griffin Ken , Reeves Julie , Schaper Louise
Published: April 2021

To realise the benefits of digital health, the health workforce needs to evolve, adapt and develop their digital proficiency. As the largest workforce in health, nurses and midwives are well positioned to lead as an agile digital healthcare workforce. The objective of this work is to describe how individual nurses and midwives, organisations and education providers could use the newly developed National Nursing and Midwifery Digital Health Capability Framework to build digital health capability. The paper concludes with an international perspective on the framework.
The Design and Development of MOVE-IT: A System for Remote Vestibular and Oculomotor Assessment in People with Concussion
Authors: Hill Selena , Barr Christopher , Killington Maggie , McLoughlin James , Daniels Rory , van den Berg Maayken
Published: April 2021

Background: Dizziness is one of the most common symptoms following concussion and requires a thorough vestibular assessment. However, due to limited tools and evidence on remote vestibular assessment and intervention, people unable to attend in-person consults cannot receive effective care. Objective: This study aims to describe the design and development process of MOVE-IT. MOVE-IT is a mobile phone application with an associated head mount device and clinician dashboard which aims to enhance vestibular assessments and intervention via telehealth by enabling clinicians to clearly observe client’s eye movements. Methods: This study used a Living Labs methodology including the use of a scoping review, user engagement, multi stakeholder engagement, real-life settings, and co-creation. MOVE-IT was developed in three phases: Exploration, Experimentation and Evaluation. This paper describes the Exploration and Experimentation process. Exploration included a scoping review, focus group and consultation interviews. Experimentation included the co-creation of a minimum viable product in a real-life setting with regular feedback from multi-stakeholders. Outcome: MOVE-IT includes three components: a mobile phone application, head mount device and clinician dashboard. MOVE-IT aims to enhance the use of telehealth for vestibular assessments by: (1) using the head mount device to enable video recording of client’s eyes during assessment, (2) allowing clinicians to view client’s eye movements via the clinician dashboard whilst (3) a support person assists in the physical aspect of the vestibular assessment by a step-by-step guided video in the mobile application. Conclusion: The Living Lab method was a useful strategy for developing MOVE-IT. MOVE-IT meets all predefined functionality requirements and potentially provides a solution for remote vestibular assessment and intervention in the concussion population. The Evaluation phase will be conducted next to test usability, reliability and validity of MOVE-IT.
Telehealth at Home: Co-Designing a Smart Home Telehealth System
Authors: Hunter Inga , Elers Phoebe , Lockhart Caroline , Guesgen Hans , Whiddett Dick , Singh Amardeep
Published: April 2021

Increasing life expectancy and rates of chronic conditions place increasing demands on aged care health and support services. One response preferred by older adults and seen as cost effective is aging in place, whereby older people remain in their own homes and avoid aged residential care. For this to take place, it is crucial that older people maintain effective relationships with support networks and that older adults and these networks have adequate information to support patient centred health and wellness care at home. This study explored how smart home telehealth, a form of telehealth where health care is provided at a distance using smart home digital technology (sensors), could assist older people to age in place and enhance their health and wellbeing. It was a two-phase project, preceded by a workshop with experts:1) 41 interviews with older adults and their informal support networks, seven focus groups with 44 health providers working with older adults, which informed 2) a pilot implementation of a co-designed telehealth system, addressing key barriers identified in Phase 1. The system used low cost, easily accessible, and commercially available sensors, transferring information via email and/or text messaging. It was successfully piloted with five older adults and twelve of their respective support networks for six months, who reported an increased feeling of security and improved interpersonal communication. The findings indicate that smart home telehealth could assist aging in place, and the study provides insights into successful co-design of smart home telehealth services at scale that could be implemented and deployed in contexts wider than aged care.
Is Consent Not a Consideration for Instant Messaging?
Authors: Morris Christopher , Scott Richard E. , Mars Maurice
Published: April 2021

Background: Recently there has been a steady increase in the use of Instant Messaging (IM) as a means of providing health and healthcare services. This growth has been particularly rapid during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Many reports indicate informal services using IM, in particular WhatsApp, have arisen spontaneously, in the absence of any formal guidelines and little consideration of consent. This study documents the consent practices of healthcare professionals using IM for clinical activities in District Hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and compares these practices with the literature. Methods: As part of a larger audit of telemedicine activity in KwaZulu-Natal a survey questioned clinicians’ use of IM, including consent practices and awareness of regulatory guidelines. Concomitantly multiple electronic databases were searched for papers on WhatsApp use in clinical service. Inclusion criteria were: papers written in English, reported on WhatsApp in clinical use or potential clinical use, and addressed consent. Results: The survey confirmed anecdotal reports of widespread informal use of WhatsApp in District Hospitals. Most clinicians were unaware of regulatory guidelines, and few obtained consent for taking photographs or sharing of images and information with colleagues for consultation. The literature review found that consent was mentioned in only 28 papers. Of these 11 reported that written consent was obtained, of which 5 were for taking photographs and 4 for sharing information with colleagues. Discussion: The survey showed that more than half of the respondents who used IM did not consider this to be telemedicine, with the corresponding ethical requirements governed by national guidelines, thereby risking legal exposure. However, South Africa’s regulatory guidelines do not align with common clinical practice. The literature shows that the majority of doctors shared patient information by IM without obtaining any form of consent. Conclusion: Practical guidelines are urgently required in South Africa and worldwide that balance practical conduct of medical care with sound contemporary ethical principles. Prudent guidance will ensure clinicians do not inadvertently breach patient privacy and confidentiality laws whilst permitting continued health-related use of instant messaging.
Assessing compliance with the United Nations Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics: A maturity model for continuous improvement1
Authors: Milicich Rachael , Dickinson Teresa , Van Halderen Gemma , Lalor Thérèse , Niven Heather
Published: April 2021

In 2019 the United Nations Statistical Commission (UN STATSCOM) celebrated the twenty-fifth anniversary of their adoption of the United Nations Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics (UNFPOS). To mark this milestone and drive further adoption of the principles, a UN STATSCOM Friends of the Chair Group on the Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics (FoC) was convened to work on selected aspects of implementing the UNFPOS. One aspect the group worked on was development of criteria for assessing compliance with the UNFPOS. The group achieved this by developing a maturity model that both assesses compliance with the UNFPOS and identifies areas for continuous improvement. The Maturity Model was endorsed at the 51st session of the UN STATSCOM in March 2020. Compliance with the UNFPOS signals that official statistics are produced in a trusted apolitical way and that governments and citizens have available valuable and reliable information about their economic, social, environmental and demographic situations. In the era of ‘fake news and alternative facts’, compliance with the globally endorsed ethical, professional and scientific standards and guidelines that make up the UNFPOS builds confidence and trust in official statistics.
Wilting Bermudagrass Improves Forage Silage Quality and Cattle Performance
Authors: Kunkle William E.
Published: April 2021

Bermudagrass has low levels of sugars that are fermented to lactic and other acids during ensiling. Wilting has been shown to improve the fermentation and the feeding value when levels of sugar are low. The effects of wilting on bermudagrass harvested as round bale silage were investigated in two trials. The round bale silage was compared to similar bermudagrass harvested as round baled hay. This document is AN146, one of a series of the Department of Animal Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, UF/IFAS. Published October 2003.

AN146/AN144: Wilting Bermudagrass Improves Forage Silage Quality and Cattle Performance (ufl.edu)
Alimentacion Saludable para Personas de Edad: Recetas Que No Requieren Cocinar
Authors: Hillan Jennifer
Published: April 2021

Pruebe estas sencillas y rápidas recetas para una comida saludable y balanceada. ¡No es necesario cocinar!

This document, FCS8693-Span, is one in a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611. Publication date: March 2004.

https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fy695
Preserving Food: Freezing Vegetables
Authors: Harrison Judy A. , Andress Elizabeth , Simonne Amy
Published: April 2021

Freezing is an excellent way to preserve fresh vegetables at home. Freezing does not sterilize food; the extreme cold simply retards growth of microorganisms and slows down changes that affect quality or cause spoilage in food. The quality of frozen vegetables depends on the quality of the fresh products and how they are handled from the time they are picked until they are ready to eat. It is important, also, to start with high-quality vegetables because freezing will not improve the product's quality. This document is Fact Sheet FCS 8768, a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: August 2004.

FCS8768/FY719: Preserving Food: Freezing Vegetables (ufl.edu)