bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Gene Conservation Status and the Quality of the Genetic Resources of Native Hungarian Sheep Breeds
Authors: Mujitaba Malam Abulbashar , Tokár Alexandra , Balogh Eszter Erika , Debnár Viktória Johanna , Javkhlan Ariuntungalag , Vásárhelyi Panka Boglárka , Egerszegi István , Nagy Szabolcs Tamás , Kútvölgyi Gabriella
Published: July 2024

Studies revealed a global loss of genetic resources for local sheep breeds. Therefore, the current study aimed to introduce and highlight the progress made on Hungary’s existing gene conservation program (small Gene Bank). Furthermore, we evaluated breed (Tsigai, Cikta, and Racka), season, and individual variabilities (n = 24) of the pre-freeze and post-thaw semen stored in the Gene Bank to enhance the gene conservation of the breeds. The samples were cryopreserved manually, and post-thaw spermatozoa were analyzed for motility (CASA), viability, chromatin structure, and morphometry of the sperm nuclei. Ejaculate volume, spermatozoa concentration, subjective motility and standard motility, kinematic parameters, and spermatozoa’s head area standard deviation of the post-thaw samples differed significantly among breeds (p < 0.05). Season affected ejaculate volume, total spermatozoa number/ejaculate, STR, BCF, and ALH. We observed a significant (p < 0.001; 0.05) breed and season interaction on concentration, total spermatozoa number/ejaculate, VCL, LIN, WOB, spermatozoa’s head average perimeter and nucleus length (Tsigai and Cikta differed but were statistically the same as Racka). Similarly, season significantly (p < 0.05) affected the proportion of ejaculate suitable for freezing. There was a significant (p < 0.05) difference in kinematic parameters and viability among the rams across the breeds. The spermatozoa’s head morphometry of the Tsigai and Cikta breeds differed significantly (p < 0.05) among the rams. There were individual and breed differences in many spermatozoa quality parameters. The stored samples are of good quality, with more than 40% having intact membranes and low abnormal chromatin condensation.
Effect of Rotation Speed and Fulvic Acid Concentration on Biogenic Secondary High-Iron Mineral Synthesis
Authors: Huang Haitao , Ji Yichao , Wang Chong , Geng Kanghui , Wu Xianhui , Wei Caichun
Published: July 2024

From an engineering standpoint, investigating the effects of rotation speed and fulvic acid concentration on the development of secondary high-iron minerals is crucial for treating acid mine drainage. The Fe2+ oxidation mechanism by Acidithiobacillus (A.) ferrooxidans to synthesise secondary high-iron minerals was examined in this study using shaking flask tests under various conditions: fulvic acid concentrations of 0, 0.2, or 0.4 g/L and rotation speeds of 180 r/min or 100 r/min. The pH, Fe2+ oxidation rate, total iron precipitation rate, secondary high-iron mineral functional groups and ore equivalent indicators were also investigated. The results demonstrated that at a fulvic acid concentration of 0 g/L, the pH decreased from 2.5 to 2.17 at 180 r/min. At 0.2 g/L, it decreased from 2.5 to 2.05. Finally, at 0.4 g/L, it decreased from 2.5 to 2.07. Fe2+ was completely oxidised after 48 h, and the final total iron precipitation rate ranged from 26.2% to 33.4%. The synthesised secondary high-iron minerals were uniformly dispersed in the solution. When the rotation speed was 100 r/min, the pH reduced from 2.5 to 2.25 at a fulvic acid concentration of 0 g/L, from 2.5 to 2.14 at 0.2 g/L, and from 2.5 to 2.19 at 0.4 g/L. Notably, Fe2+ was completely oxidised within 72 h. The experiment’s final iron precipitation rate ranged from 23.6 to 29.6%. The synthesised secondary high-iron minerals were blocky and adhered to the bottom of the shaking flask. In summary, at a rotation speed of 180 r/min or 100 r/min, the Fe2+ oxidation rate and total iron precipitation rate of the experimental group with a fulvic acid concentration of 0.2 g/L were higher than those of the control group and the experimental group with a fulvic acid concentration of 0.4 g/L. A fulvic acid concentration of 0.2 g/L enhanced the activity of A. ferrooxidans. The minerals obtained from these experiments were characterised and identified as schwertmannite and jarosite.
Optimization of the Solubilization of Faecal Sludge through Microwave Treatment
Authors: Mdolo Principal , Pocock Jon , Velkushanova Konstantina
Published: July 2024

This study optimized the organic matter solubilization of faecal sludge (FS). FS was treated in a microwave oven at varying microwave power and treatment times. Changes in total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD), and soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) were measured. A response surface methodology (RSM) optimized organic matter solubilization during microwave treatment. A central composite design was employed, and the observed responses were used to fit a second-order response surface model. Microwave treatment at 14,000 kJ/kg. TS reduced FS volume by 58%. The VS/TS ratios remained similar before and after microwave treatment. The solubilization of organic matter (measured by the sCOD/TCOD ratio) increased after microwave treatment, showing an initial linear increase with specific energy followed by a decrease. The highest solubilization was 38%, achieved at a microwave power level of 630 W for 3 min. Organic matter solubilization was more sensitive to contact time than microwave power. RSM determined the optimized conditions to be 617.7 W and 2.4 min, within the experimental design boundaries. These findings align with similar observations from other studies using wastewater sludge. The results suggest that microwave treatment can achieve multiple FS treatment objectives. Optimal operating conditions should be identified if the aim is to solubilize organic matter in FS.
Study on Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Based on Uncertain Multi-Objective Fuzzy Model: A Case of Pingliang City, China
Authors: Zhao Yun , Zhang Rui , Shu Heping , Xu Zhi , Fan Shangbin , Wang Qiang , Li Yaxian , An Yapeng
Published: July 2024

Water shortages are serious in northwest China due to the level of social and economic development, engineering, resource shortages, and other factors being restricted, so the conflict between supply and demand for water resources is prominent in different regions and different water use sectors. Therefore, Pingliang City was selected as the research object in this study. The membership function was introduced, and an interactive algorithm to correct model parameters based on the fairness constraint was derived. An uncertain multi-objective fuzzy programming model was also established. The results show that the optimal allocation of water will be 38,051.9~40,740 × 104 m3 and 39,938.4~41,317.5 × 104 m3 under a normal year (p = 50%) and a dry year (p = 75%) in 2025, respectively, and the corresponding water shortage rates will be 4.2% and 6.7%. In 2035, the optimal water allocation will be 45,644.1~49,245.9 × 104 m3 and 46,442.4~50,044.2 × 104 m3 and the water shortage rates will be 7.0% and 7.0%, respectively. The proportion of groundwater supply will decrease by 8.8% and 13.8% in 2025 and 2035 after the optimal allocation, the proportion of surface water supply will increase by 9.6% and 12.2%, and the proportion of reclaimed water will increase by −0.78% and 2.1%, respectively. The results can provide a technical reference for the development and utilization of water resources in other cities and similar areas in semi-arid regions.
Source of Methanogens and Characteristics of Methane Emission in Two Wastewater Treatment Plants in Xi’an
Authors: Zhang Dianao , Li Huijuan , Li Xia , Ao Dong , Wang Na
Published: July 2024

Methane (CH4) is one of the potent greenhouse gases emitted from municipal wastewater treatment plants. The characteristics of methane emission from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have attracted lots of concern from related researchers. The present work investigated the source of methanogens and methane emission properties from two WWTPs in Xi’an, and one is employed in an Orbal oxidation ditch, and the other is anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A/A/O). The measurement of specific methanogenic activity (SMA) and coenzyme F420 concentration, together with Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), was used to determine the amount and activity of methanogens in two WWTPs. Additionally, a combined activated sludge model was built and predicted the growth of methanogens and other key microorganisms in the sludge. The results showed that the average CH4 emission flux from the Orbal oxidation ditch (22.74 g CH4 /(m2·d)) was much higher than that from A/A/O (9.57 g CH4/(m2·d)). The methane emission factors in the Orbal oxidation ditch and A/A/O processes were 1.18 and 0.21 g CH4 /(m3 INF), respectively. These distinct methane emission characteristics between two WWTPs are mainly attributed to the higher activity and content of methanogens, as well as the discontinuous aeration in the Orbal oxidation ditch. Additionally, dissolved oxygen concentration, water temperature, and the presence of nitrate/nitrite were also important factors that influenced methane emission. The FISH analysis showed that Methanococcus was the dominant methanogen in both WWTPs. In addition, the combined model successfully simulated the growth of methanogens in WWTPs. Methanogens in WWTPs were mainly derived from the sewer system, and the cumulative effect led to an increase in the abundance of methanogens in activated sludge. The outcomes of this study provide new insights in the prediction and management of GHG emission from WWTPs.
Comparative Study of In Situ Chlorophyll-a Measuring Methods and Remote Sensing Techniques Focusing on Different Applied Algorithms in an Inland Lake
Authors: Grósz János , Tóth Veronika Zsófia , Waltner István , Vekerdy Zoltán , Halupka Gábor
Published: July 2024

Water conservation efforts and studies receive special attention, versatile and constantly developing remote sensing methods especially so. The quality and quantity of algae fundamentally influence the ecosystems of water bodies. Inland lakes are less-frequently studied despite their essential ecological role compared to ocean and sea waters. One of the reasons for this is the small-scale surface extension, which poses challenges during satellite remote sensing. In this study, we investigated the correlations between remote-sensing- (via Seninel-2 satellite) and laboratory-based results in different chlorophyll-a concentration ranges. In the case of low chlorophyll-a concentrations, the measured values were between 15 µg L−1 and 35 µg L−1. In the case of medium chlorophyll-a concentrations, the measured values ranged between 35 and 80 µg L−1. During high chlorophyll-a concentrations, the results were higher than 80 µg L−1. Finally, under extreme environmental conditions (algal bloom), the values were higher than 180 µg L−1. We also studied the accuracy and correlation and the different algorithms applied through the Acolite (20231023.0) processing software. The chl_re_mishra algorithm of the Acolite software gave the highest correlation. The strong positive correlations prove the applicability of the Sentinel-2 images and the Acolite software in the indication of chlorophyll-a. Because of the high CDOM concentration of Lake Naplás, the blue–green band ratio underestimated the concentration of chlorophyll-a. In summer, higher chlorophyll-a was detected in both laboratory and satellite investigations. In the case of extremely high chlorophyll-a concentrations, it is significantly underestimated by satellite remote sensing. This study proved the applicability of remote sensing to detect chlorophyll-a content but also pointed out the current limitations, thus assigning future development and research directions.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Supercapacitors and Their Equivalent Circuits—A Review
Authors: Mehra Pranathi , Saxena Sahaj , Bhullar Suman
Published: July 2024

Supercapacitors (SCs) are an emerging energy storage technology with the ability to deliver sudden bursts of energy, leading to their growing adoption in various fields. This paper conducts a comprehensive review of SCs, focusing on their classification, energy storage mechanism, and distinctions from traditional capacitors to assess their suitability for different applications. To investigate the voltage response of SCs, the existing electrical equivalent circuits are further studied. The analysis is carried forward with the parameter of impedance, which has not so far been addressed. Impedance analysis is essential for a better understanding of SCs as capacitors work on alternating source of supply. The paper also highlights the applications of SCs in electric automobiles and charging stations, showcasing their advantages such as fast charging and higher power density compared to traditional capacitors. Additionally, other applications in areas like the military, medicine, and industry are discussed, demonstrating the versatility of SC technology.
Developing a new harvester head for tree felling
Authors: Rukomojnikov Konstantin , Aleksagina Natal'ya
Published: July 2024

Technological progress does not stand still. As a result of a detailed analysis of the existing options for technological equipment used in production and described in the sources of patent information, the idea of modernizing the harvester (processor) head of logging machines came up, which makes it possible to increase the number of functions it implements. However, all currently existing designs of harvester heads either do not allow debarking, or when using them, slow debarking is carried out with multiple starts and stops of the debarking mechanism. The purpose of the variant of the modernization of the harvester head of a logging machine for felling, delimbing and bucking of trees described in the article is to create such a technical device that will allow the debarking of assortments by a rotary debarking mechanism without stopping its operation at the moments of delimbing and bucking the trunk. The main research method in the preparation of the article materials was the patent search for analogues and the development of a new technical solution based on them, which makes it possible to implement the task set by the authors. As an analogue, the impulse type of the harvester head was chosen. As a result of the modernization of the existing technical solution, several important elements were added to the design. The principle of operation of the new technical solution is substantiated. The proposed working body of the feller-lopper-bucker performs capture, sawing, felling a tree, pruning, bucking into assortments and debarking without stopping the debarking mechanism in the process of delimbing and bucking the tree trunk, which makes it possible to debark timber without reducing the productivity of the harvester head.
Pharmacotherapy and Stone Mineral Subtype Influence Long-Term Recurrence Rates in Calcium Stone Formers
Authors: Ruchi Rupam , Di Valerio Elizabeth A. , Bozorgmehri Shahab , Bacchus Michael Waseer , Canales Benjamin K. , Terry Russell , DiBianco John Michael , Bird Vincent G.
Published: July 2024

Key Points

Long-term recurrence data on pure metabolic calcium stone formers are limited.

The presented data highlight the importance of medical therapy in preventing future stones among high-risk patients.

Our study shows that the benefit of medical therapy may take 5 years to be evident; this fact should be considered in planning future studies.

Background

Long-term recurrence data on kidney stones are limited. We investigated stone recurrence in calcium-oxalate (CaOx) and calcium-phosphate (CaP) stone formers over a 10- to 12-year follow-up period.

Methods

We retrospectively identified patients from a surgical database with (1) CaOx or CaP stones, (2) postsurgical computed tomography imaging, and (3) at least 10 years of clinical follow-up and imaging. Data on medical therapy (MT), defined as being on thiazide/thiazide-like diuretic, potassium citrate, and/or allopurinol, were collected. Patients' records were reviewed for stone recurrence over a 10- to 12-year period. Associations between stone type, MT, and time to recurrence were analyzed with Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazard models. Multivariate analysis was done using the Cox proportional hazard model.

Results

Of the 149 individuals who met inclusion criteria, 87 (58.3%) underwent baseline 24-hour urine testing, and 46 (30.8%) were prescribed MT in the form of thiazide (26/46; 57%), potassium citrate (25/46; 54%), and allopurinol (5/46; 11%). Compared with non-MT patients, patients on MT were more likely to have diagnosis of hypertension (P = 0.008) and be hypocitraturic at baseline (P = 0.01). Over a mean of 10.6 years, patients on MT had significantly fewer stone events compared with those not on MT (21.3% versus 37.5%, P = 0.04), with 8 (17%) individuals discontinuing their MT over the study period. Patients with predominantly CaP mineral subtype had more stone events than CaOx (64% versus 36%, P = 0.006), a phenomenon likely driven by higher baseline urine pH (>6, 58.8% versus 33.9%, P = 0.02). By survival analysis, the impact of stone subtype and MT became apparent at follow-up months 20 and 60, respectively.

Conclusions

In a population of calcium stone formers at high recurrence risk, patients with CaOx mineral subtype and on MT had the lowest stone event rate on long-term follow-up. These findings suggest that the beneficial effect of MT may take up to 5 years to become evident clinically and by surveillance imaging.
A comparative analysis of the level of sustainable development in Polish voivodeships in 2012 and 2021
Authors: Stec Małgorzata , Grzebyk Mariola , Caputa Wiesława , Krawczyk-Sokołowska Izabela
Published: July 2024

Sustainable development is an example of a complex phenomenon, which is why it is particularly difficult to compare the level and evaluate the progress made by regions in Poland in implementing its assumptions. This article aims at conducting a multi-dimensional evaluation of changes in the level of sustainable development in Polish voivodeships in 2012 and 2021. The analysis covered three dimensions of sustainable development: social, economic and environmental, which were determined by a total of 30 indicators. The research methodology applied was one of the linear ordering methods – a non-model method with normalisation based on zero unitisation, whereas the research itself was conducted from a dynamic perspective.
The research results indicate gradual progress in particular regions of Poland (albeit to varying degrees) in implementing the concept of sustainable development in the years under study. The application of the synthetic indicator to evaluate the activities makes it possible to evaluate the results achieved in these voivodeships and take any possible corrective measures. They are also a valuable source of information on development disproportions between voivodeships, which might result in determining potential directions for future activities in the field of sustainable development.
Возможности ультразвукового метода исследования эпикардиальной жировой ткани у пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца при различной тяжести поражения коронарных артерий
Authors: Екатерина А.П. , Сергей Е.Н. , Мария И.Б. , Ольга А.Б. , Елена И.Б.
Published: July 2024

Цель. Определить диагностические возможности ультразвукового метода исследования эпикардиальной жировой ткани (ЭЖТ) и оценить влияние толщины эпикардиального жира на степень поражения коронарных артерий у пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца. Методы. В исследование включили 461 человека (средний возраст 52 года, Q1 44 Q3 56), из них 182 больных ИБC (132 мужчины и 50 женщин) и 279 пациентов без ИБС (60 мужчин и 219 женщин). Количество ЭЖТ оценивали с помощью эхокардиографии (ЭХОКГ) и компьютерной томографии (КТ) сердца. Всем больным ИБС, а также 35 обследованным без ИБС была выполнена селективная коронароангиография. Проведены измерения роста, веса, окружности талии (ОТ), рассчитан индексы массы тела (ИМТ, кг/м2). Статистический анализ данных проводился с использованием статистического пакета программ SPSS, версия 17.0 (SPSS Inc., США). Результаты. У пациентов с ИБС объем ЭЖТ, по данным КТ, был значительно больше, чем у пациентов без ИБС. По результатам множественного линейного регрессионного анализа было выявлено, что у больных ИБС увеличение возраста на 1 год ассоциируется с увеличением объема ЭЖТ на 1,4 см3, а также, у пациентов с ИБС объем ЭЖТ в среднем на 56,7 см3 больше, чем у пациентов без коронарной патологии. Толщина ЭЖТ в предсердножелудочковой борозде (по данным ЭХОКГ) в наибольшей степени соответствуюет объему ЭЖТ (по данным КТ сердца). Связи между количеством коронарных артерий, пораженных атеросклерозом, и значениями изучаемых показателей, характеризующих количество ЭЖТ выявлено не было. Заключение. Толщина эпикардиальной жировой ткани в предсердножелудочковой борозде, измеренная ультразвуковым методом, в наибольшей степени коррелирует с объемом эпикардиального жира, оцененного методом компьютерной томографии сердца. Объем эпикардиальной жировой ткани у больных ИБС, измеренный при компьютерной томографии сердца, больше, чем у обследованных без ИБС. Объем эпикардиальной жировой ткани у больных ИБС, измеренный при компьютерной томографии сердца, увеличивается с возрастом. Число пораженных атеросклерозом коронарных артерий у больных ИБС не зависит от толщины и объема эпикардиальной жировой ткани.
Strengthening the Social Orientation of Tax Systems
Authors: Трофимова Я.В.
Published: July 2024

Автор статьи предлагает рассматривать налоговые изменения в рамках рыночной социальной политики государства. В работе отмечаются противоречия в ее осуществлении, а также новые формы и приемы в налоговых приоритетах.

The author of the article proposes to consider tax changes in the market social policy of the state. The paper notes contradictions in its implementation, as well as new forms and techniques in tax priorities.
Evaluation of the Efficiency of Business Processes of the Geological Exploration Division of Oil Companies
Authors: Халикова М.А. , Чиглинцев Д.С.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы оценки эффективности бизнес-процессов подразделения «Геологоразведка» вертикально-интегрированных нефтяных компаний (ВИНК). Предлагается авторский подход к формированию алгоритма оценки эффективности бизнес-процессов подразделения «Геологоразведка», обеспечивающего построение оптимальной бизнес-модели подразделения.

The article discusses the issues of assessing the effectiveness of business processes of the Geological Exploration Division of vertically integrated oil companies. The author's approach to the formation of an algorithm for assessing the effectiveness of business processes of the Geological Exploration subdivision is proposed, which ensures the construction of an optimal business model for the subdivision
Forecasting the Financial Targets of an Oil Company in a Turbulent Economy
Authors: Халикова Э.А. , Гизатуллина Э.Э.
Published: July 2024

Научная статья посвящена анализу выбора известных эконометрических моделей прогнозирования, наиболее полно отражающих нерегулярность и хаотичность изменения финансово-экономических индикаторов, и являющихся более чувствительными к последним изменениям. Авторами статьи обоснована необходимость применения модели Брауна ввиду ее адаптивности и высокой чувствительности к последним изменениям в турбулентной экономике. В качестве апробации в статье рассмотрено влияние двух макроэкономических индикаторов – цены на нефть марки Urals и курса доллара по отношению к рублю – на изменение дохода от продажи нефти на примере одной из ведущих нефтяных компаний. По результатам выявленной зависимости представлен прогнозный план целевых финансовых показателей на период до 2030 года.

The scientific article is devoted to the analysis of the choice of well-known econometric forecasting models that most fully reflect the irregularity and chaos of changes in financial and economic indicators, and are more sensitive to recent changes. The authors of the article substantiated the need to apply Brown's model in view of its adaptability to recent changes in a turbulent economy and being more sensitive to recent changes. As an approbation, the article examines the influence of two macroeconomic indicators - the price of Urals oil and the dollar exchange rate against the ruble - on the change in income from oil sales using the example of one of the leading oil companies. Based on the results of the revealed dependence, a forecast plan of target financial indicators for the period up to 2030 is presented.
Role of Human Capital in the Process of Creation and Implementation of Innovative Solutions
Authors: Ахмадеев А.М.
Published: July 2024

Перед лицом динамики изменений, происходящих в экономической среде, многие практики управления задаются вопросом, в чем же заключается рецепт успеха современного предприятия. Ответ часто сводится к одному слову – «инновации». Эффективное управление инновационным процессом связано с наличием соответствующих финансовых ресурсов и интеллектуального капитала, умением воспользоваться открывающимися возможностями или наличием многогранного взгляда на функционирование организации. Однако в настоящее время подчеркивается ключевая роль человеческого фактора в процессе генерации и адаптации инновационных решений. В связи с изложенным, целью статьи является попытка оценить значение человеческого капитала (как руководителей, так и рядовых сотрудников) в развитии инновационности субъектов малого предпринимательства.

In the face of the dynamics of changes taking place in the economic environment, many management practitioners are wondering what is the recipe for the success of a modern enterprise. The answer often boils down to one word – "innovation". Effective management of the innovation process is associated with the availability of appropriate financial resources and intellectual capital, the ability to take advantage of emerging opportunities or a multifaceted view of the functioning of the organization. However, the key role of the human factor in the process of generation and adaptation of innovative solutions is currently emphasized. In connection with the above, the purpose of the article is an attempt to assess the importance of human capital (both senior and ordinary level) in the development of innovation of small businesses.
Modern Methods of Analysis of Indicators of the Use of Working Capital in the Enterprise
Authors: Акчурина А.М. , Ибрагимова Г.М. , Лайков Р.Р.
Published: July 2024

В статье отражаются основные методики анализа оборотных средствпредприятия. Выделены основные направления анализа и предложена комбинированная авторская методика, которая позволит наиболее полно оценить эффективность использования оборотных средств на предприятии.

The article reflects the main methods of analysis of working capital of the enterprise. The main directions of the analysis are highlighted and a combined author's methodology is proposed, which will allow the most complete assessment of the efficiency of the use of working capital at the enterprise.
Effectiveness of the Regional Budget Policy as the Basis of the Financial Stability of the Region
Authors: Хамурадов М.А. , Асылханов И.У.
Published: July 2024

Актуальность данной темы обусловлена высоким значением региональной финансовой политики в условиях проблемы социально-экономического разрыва регионов РФ. В статье проводится анализ налоговых и неналоговых поступлений в консолидированный бюджет Чеченской Республики за последние годы и на этой основе дается оценка эффективности бюджетно-налоговой политики в регионе. Отмечена роль межбюджетных трансфертов в формировании бюджетов дотационных регионов.

The relevance of this topic is due to the high importance of regional financial policy in the context of the problem of the socio-economic gap of the regions of the Russian Federation. The article analyzes tax and non-tax revenues to the consolidated budget of the Chechen Republic in recent years and on this basis assesses the effectiveness of fiscal policy in the region. The role of inter-budget transfers in the formation of budgets of subsidized regions is noted.
ECOSYSTEMS: A MODERN TREND OR A PROMISING ECONOMIC MODEL?
Authors: ПЕШКОВА Г.Ю.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены вопросы трансформации современных бизнес- процессов на основе использования новой корпоративной модели построения операционного менеджмента – экосистем; приведены показатели капитализации лидирующих мировых экосистем и аналогичных российских структур; проанализированы основные риски, связанные с деятельностью и дальнейшим развитием экосистем; указаны методы взаимодействия государства и граждан с применением экосистем; оценена перспектива дальнейшего использования экосистем в мировой и отечественной экономике.

The article discusses the issues of transformation of modern business processes based on the use of a new corporate model for building operational management - ecosystems; the capitalization indicators of the world's leading ecosystems and similar Russian structures are presented; the main risks associated with the activities and further development of ecosystems were analyzed; methods of interaction between the state and citizens using ecosystems are indicated; the prospects for further use of ecosystems in the global and domestic economy were assessed.
CYBER SECURITY FOR CUSTOMERS: THREATS AND SOLUTIONS IN THE ERA OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE BANKING SECTOR
Authors: БОГАТЫРЕВА М.В. , КОЛМАКОВ А.Е. , БОГАТЫРЕВ К.Д.
Published: July 2024

В настоящей статье рассмотрены основные угрозы, возникающие в связи с переходом российской банковской сферы от стадии персонифицированного оказания банковских услуг к стадии цифровизации банковских операций. Обращается внимание на вероятность возникновения «банковской паники» в результате пренебрежительного отношения к проблеме безопасности в кибернетическом пространстве. Приведена классификация преступлений, совершаемых в кибернетическом банковском пространстве.

This article discusses the main threats arising in connection with the transition of the Russian banking sector from the stage of personalized provision of banking services to the stage of digitalization of banking operations. Attention is drawn to the likelihood of a "banking panic" as a result of a disdainful attitude to the problem of security in the cybernetic space. The classification of crimes committed in the cybernetic banking space is given.
IMPLEMENTATION OF PRIORITY NATIONAL PROJECTS AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL
Authors: ШАПОШНИКОВА Б.Д. , БОЛДЫРЕВА А.В. , САРМАДАЕВА А.Ц. , АНДРЕЕВ А.С. , ЭРДНИЕВ Т.С. , БИМБЕЕВА А.В.
Published: July 2024

В рамках данной статьи проанализирован процесс реализации национальных проектов в Республике Калмыкия. Особое внимание уделено национальным проектам по направлению развития человеческого капитала. В статье приведены уже достигнутые результаты, сделан вывод о достаточно эффективной реализации нацпроектов. Основная цель статьи заключается во всестороннем анализе реализации национальных проектов как формы государственного управления, сосредоточив внимание на организации и контроле их выполнения. В ней освещается применение методологии «управления проектами» при реализации национальных проектов, рассматривая ее как стандартную практику.

This article analyzes the process of implementation of national projects in the Republic of Kalmykia. Special attention is paid to the national projects in the direction of human capital development. The article summarizes the results already achieved and concludes that the implementation of national projects is quite effective. The main purpose of the article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of national projects as a form of public administration, focusing on the organization and control of their implementation. It highlights the application of "project management" methodology in the implementation of national projects, considering it as a standard practice.
INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES IN CONDITIONS OF CAPITAL SHORTAGE
Authors: АСАТУРОВА Ю.М.
Published: July 2024

В работе проанализированы внешние и внутренние факторы, влияющие на инновационную активность предприятий. Показано, что для создания условий инновационной деятельности на предприятии необходимо повышать инвестиционную привлекательность и конкурентоспособность компании, поддерживать инновационный климат внутри компании и отслеживать состояние основных финансовых показателей. По результатам исследования выявлены ключевые показатели оценки деятельности предприятия, своевременный учет и поддержание необходимого уровня которых приведет к повышению эффективности инновационной и инвестиционной деятельности предприятия, что обусловливает актуальность и научную новизну данной работы.

The work analyzes external and internal factors influencing the innovative activity of enterprises. It is shown that in order to create conditions for innovative activity in an enterprise, it is necessary to increase the investment attractiveness and competitiveness of the company, maintain an innovative climate within the company and monitor the state of key financial indicators. Based on the results of the study, key indicators for assessing the activity of the enterprise were identified, timely accounting and maintenance of the required level of which will lead to increased efficiency of the innovation and investment activities of the enterprise, which determines the relevance and scientific novelty of this work.
STATE REGULATION AS A TOOL FOR FORMATION AND REALISATION OF SMALL BUSINESS POTENTIAL
Authors: ШАКИРОВА Ю.С.
Published: July 2024

Статья представляет собой анализ роли государственного вмешательства в законодательную и регулятивную область малого предпринимательства. Автор исследует особенности и проблемы существующих методов государственного регулирования, подчеркивая их недостаточную гибкость и трудности в наблюдении за динамикой развития данного вида бизнеса. В статье предлагаются методологические подходы и практические рекомендации для повышения эффективности государственного регулирования, включая формирование стабильной институциональной среды и усиление роли саморегулируемых организаций. Работа способствует развитию научного понимания государственной политики в области малого предпринимательства и может быть использована в образовательном процессе и практической деятельности органов государственного управления и местного самоуправления

The article analyses the role of state intervention in the legislative and regulatory area of small business. The author explores the peculiarities and problems of existing methods of state regulation, emphasising their lack of flexibility and difficulties in monitoring the dynamics of development of this type of business. The article proposes methodological approaches and practical recommendations to improve the effectiveness of state regulation, including the formation of a stable institutional environment and strengthening the role of self-regulatory organisations. The work contributes to the development of scientific understanding of state policy in the field of small business and can be used in the educational process and practical activities of public administration and local government.
PREREQUISITES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSIT RAIL FREIGHT TRANSPORT IN MONGOLIA
Authors: ОЛЕНЦЕВИЧ В.А. , АРХИТ Б.
Published: July 2024

В статье авторы представали ключевые аспекты развития транспортной системы Монголии до 2050 года, которые будут являться залогом долгосрочного экономического сотрудничества между Россией и Китаем. Активное участие в данном сотрудничестве станет важным шагом развития Монголии, которая намерена стать транзитной страной. Авторы определили общий транспортный статус страны. Рассмотрели вопросы необходимости строительства новых железнодорожных линий, расширения и модернизации существующего инфраструктурного комплекса железных дорог, создания транспортных логистических центров.

In the article, the authors presented the key aspects of the development of Mongolia's transport system until 2050, which will be the key to long-term economic cooperation between Russia and China. Active participation in this cooperation will be an important step in the development of Mongolia, which intends to become a transit country. The authors determined the general transport status of the country. The issues of the need to build new railway lines, expand and modernize the existing infrastructure complex of railways, and create transport logistics centers were considered.
ASSESSMENT OF ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF REPAIR OF AIRCRAFT UNITS
Authors: ЕМЦОВА И.И. , КОРОЛЕНКО В.В. , ДОРОШЕНКО А.Б. , ГУЛЯЕВ А.Г.
Published: July 2024

В данной статье были рассмотрены пять вариантов оценки экономической целесообразности ремонта блоков и агрегатов воздушного судна, оценка экономической целесообразности ремонта бортового оборудования воздушного судна, эксплуатирующегося по техническому состоянию. Предложена методика расчета предельной стоимости ремонта агрегата воздушного судна в системе заводского ремонта. Также рассмотрена методика оценки экономической целесообразности закупки агрегатов с повышенными эксплуатационными ресурсами. Представленные методические положения позволяют проанализировать и оценить экономическую целесообразность ремонта агрегатов воздушных судов, что в свою очередь помогает проанализировать эффективность применяемой стратегии системы технического обслуживания воздушного судна.

In this article, five options were considered for assessing the economic feasibility of repairing aircraft units and assemblies, assessing the economic feasibility of repairing aircraft on-board equipment operating on the basis of technical condition. The method of calculation of the maximum cost of repair of aircraft assembly in the system of factory repair is offered. The article also considers methods of assessment of economic feasibility of purchase of aggregates with increased operational resources. The presented methodical provisions allow to analyze and assess the economic feasibility of repair of aircraft aggregates, which in turn helps to analyze the effectiveness of the applied strategy of the aircraft maintenance system.
METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE MANAGERIAL CULTURE OF MODERN ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: ШИРИЕВ Р.Р. , ДЕНИСОВА А.Б. , ТОВСУЛТАНОВ Р.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье конкретизирована сущность понятия «управленческая культура» и разграничено понятие управленческой и организационной культуры. Определены основные структурные элементы управленческой культуры. Для количественного измерения каждого элемента управленческой культуры выбраны различные методики, предусматривающие расчет коэффициентов, что позволяет осуществлять расчеты в едином измерителе. В качестве обобщающего показателя предложено использовать интегральный коэффициент, который учитывает оценку каждого элемента управленческой культуры и соответствующий весовой коэффициент, отражающий значимость определенного элемента в общей оценке. Сделаны выводы о том, что количественная оценка уровня управленческой культуры позволит отслеживать динамику изменений количественных характеристик управленческой культуры во времени, а также состояние каждого из ее элементов.

The article concretizes the essence of the concept of “managerial culture” and distinguishes between the concepts of managerial and organizational culture. The main structural elements of management culture are identified. To quantitatively measure each element of management culture, various methods have been selected that involve the calculation of coefficients, which allows calculations to be carried out using a single meter. It is proposed to use an integral coefficient as a general indicator, which takes into account the assessment of each element of management culture and the corresponding weighting coefficient reflecting the significance of a certain element in the overall assessment. It is concluded that a quantitative assessment of the level of management culture will allow tracking the dynamics of changes in the quantitative characteristics of management culture over time, as well as the state of each of its elements.
THE ECONOMIC ESSENCE AND FUNCTIONS OF FINANCIAL INNOVATION
Authors: КОНОВАЛОВА М.Е. , ЗАХАРОВ С.И.
Published: July 2024

В статье анализируется сущность и функции финансовых инноваций. Выводы, сделанные в ходе работы, обеспечивают возможность более детального анализа алгоритма работы, которую необходимо провести для внедрения финансовых инноваций в современной России. При оценке практического результата исследования финансовых инноваций, авторами сделан вывод о необходимости расширения проникновения финансовых инноваций в ключевые сферы финансового рынка. Теоретическая значимость исследования состоит в дополнении существующих подходов и положений относительно новых способов внедрения финансовых инноваций в современную экономическую систему, использование при этом мирового опыта, обобщения современных трудов ученых-экономистов, а также соотношение этих трудов с практикой.

The article analyzes the essence and functions of financial innovations. The conclusions made in the course of the work provide an opportunity for a more detailed analysis of the algorithm of work that needs to be carried out for the introduction of financial innovations in modern Russia. When assessing the practical result of the study of financial innovations, the authors concluded that it is necessary to expand the penetration of financial innovations into key areas of the financial market. The theoretical significance of the study consists in complementing existing approaches and provisions regarding new ways of introducing financial innovations into the modern economic system, using world experience, generalizing modern works of economists, as well as the correlation of these works with practice.
IMPORT SUBSTITUTION OF BUILDING MATERIALS UNDER SANCTIONS PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: БОВСУНОВСКАЯ М.П. , СТЕПАНОВ Ф.Д. , ВОРОБЬЁВ А.С.
Published: July 2024

Данная статья рассматривает проблемы, связанные с ограничением импорта строительных материалов в Россию со стороны европейских производителей и поставщиков. В результате этого ограничения, поставщики, оставшиеся на российском рынке, сталкиваются с трудностями в импорте некоторых товаров, таких как натуральный камень и клинкерная плитка. Также отмечается, что доля импортной техники и комплектующих в строительстве зависит от класса объекта, при этом чем выше статус здания, тем выше доля импортных материалов. В связи с этим возникает вопрос о возможности полного импортозамещения в нишевом секторе инженерного оборудования и облицовки, а также о способности отечественных строительных компаний осуществить его без зарубежных закупок. В статье также рассматриваются меры поддержки и развития строительного сектора, предложенные правительством, а также приводятся примеры российских производителей, успешно заменяющих западные компоненты. Отдельное внимание уделено сантехническим изделиям, которые оказались наиболее зависимыми от импорта. В заключение статьи отмечается, что импортозамещение в секторе строительных материалов требует времени и усилий, и России потребуется до пяти лет, чтобы достичь 100% отечественного производства и заменить западное оборудование и материалы.

This article examines the problems associated with restricting the import of building materials to Russia by European manufacturers and suppliers. As a result of this restriction, suppliers remaining on the Russian market are facing difficulties in importing certain products, such as natural stone and clinker tiles. It is also noted that the share of imported equipment and components in construction depends on the class of the object, while the higher the status of the building, the higher the share of imported materials. In this regard, the question arises about the possibility of complete import substitution in the niche sector of engineering equipment and cladding, as well as the ability of domestic construction companies to carry it out without foreign purchases. The article also discusses measures to support and develop the construction sector proposed by the government, as well as provides examples of Russian manufacturers successfully replacing Western components. Special attention is paid to plumbing products, which turned out to be most dependent on imports. The article concludes by noting that import substitution in the construction materials sector takes time and effort, and it will take Russia up to five years to achieve 100% domestic production and replace Western equipment and materials.
DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE RUSSIAN BANKING SECTOR IN CONDITIONS OF GEOPOLITICAL INSTABILITY
Authors: БОЧАРОВ С.А.
Published: July 2024

Данное исследование освещает динамику и перспективы развития финансовых технологий (финтеха) в России, с акцентом на изменения в банковском секторе, вызванные введением санкций в 2022 году. Анализируются последствия санкций для российских банков и их стратегии адаптации к новым реалиям в условиях геополитических турбулентностей. Особое внимание уделяется применению финансовых технологий в коммерческих банках как эффективного инструмента управления рисками в условиях санкционного давления. Статья проводит глубокий анализ тенденций в российском финтехе, охватывая аспекты цифровизации финансового сектора, роста онлайн-платежей, эволюции криптовалют и блокчейн технологий, а также интеграции искусственного интеллекта. Путем SWOT-анализа выделяются сильные и слабые стороны, возможности и угрозы для российского финтеха, подчеркивая необходимость разработки прозрачного законодательного регулирования и укрепления доверия пользователей. В заключении подчеркивается важность государственной поддержки и инвестиций для успешного развития российского финтех-сектора, обеспечивая его конкурентоспособность на глобальной арене.

This study highlights the dynamics and prospects for the development of financial technologies (fintech) in Russia, with an emphasis on changes in the banking sector caused by the introduction of sanctions in 2022. The consequences of sanctions for Russian banks and their strategies for adapting to new realities in the context of geopolitical turbulence are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the use of financial technologies in commercial banks as an effective risk management tool under sanctions pressure. The article provides an in-depth analysis of trends in Russian fintech, covering aspects of digitalization of the financial sector, the growth of online payments, the evolution of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technologies, as well as the integration of artificial intelligence. Through a SWOT analysis, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for Russian fintech are highlighted, emphasizing the need to develop transparent legal regulation and strengthen user trust. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of government support and investment for the successful development of the Russian fintech sector, ensuring its competitiveness on the global stage.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION
Authors: СКРЯБИНА И.В. , НЕУСТРОЕВА У.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье проведен анализ текущего состояния социально-экономической ситуации Республики Саха (Якутия), определены факторы в наибольшей степени оказывающих влияние, на развитие региона.

The article analyzed the current state of the socio-economic situation of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), determined the factors that most affect the development of the region.
DETERMINATION OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF LICORICE CULTIVATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN
Authors: ХАБИБУЛЛАЕВ Б.С.
Published: July 2024

В статье проанализирована экономическая эффективность выращивания солодки в Республике Каракалпакстан. Изучен мировой экспорт продукции. Сделаны научные выводы и практические рекомендации по выращиванию солодки.

The article analyzes the economic efficiency of licorice cultivation in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The world export of products has been studied. Scientific conclusions and practical recommendations on licorice cultivation are made.