bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental consequences of Khrushchev’s Virgin Land Campaign in Kazakhstan (1950s–1960s)
Authors: Mazhitova Zhanna , Zhalmurzina Aigul , Kolganatova Sveta , Orazbakov Aitzhan , Satbai Tastanbek
Published: May 2021

This paper discusses issues related to environmental problems that arose as a result of the virgin and fallow lands development in Kazakhstan in the second half of the twentieth century. The authors emphasize that the level of agricultural production in the post-war years failed to meet the needs of Soviet citizens. Under these conditions, the massive plowing of land had to solve a whole range of tasks, first of all, to solve the problem of food hunger by means of a huge increase in the area for sowing grain crops. According to the authors, solid tracts of plowed soil, having a dark color, became very hot, provoking drought, which, with chronic manifestation, caused aridization of the entire steppe zone, causing significant drying up of rivers and lakes. The authors believe that large works on the virgin lands development have made serious changes in the nature of the region. Stocks of valuable hunting and game species of animals were undermined, and in some places completely destroyed. Taking advantage of the lack of control, the new settlers along with the local residents, mercilessly consumed the gifts of the environment, which gave rise to massive poaching. The methodological basis of the study was the complex use of various approaches, methods and assessments used in interdisciplinary research.
Assessment of sustainable foreign economic activity strategies of Russian corporations
Authors: Stepanov Evgeniy , Pletnev Dmitri , Pham Van Duc
Published: May 2021

In modern economic literature, several strategies for the development of enterprises are considered at the theoretical level. However, as an independent form of strategy, foreign economic activity strategy is not considered, or not enough attention is paid to it. The purpose of the article is to identify the strategies of foreign economic activity of Russian enterprises in the oil and gas, metallurgical industries, and the food industry, based on their annual reports and ratings of Russian analytical agencies. The objectives of the study are, firstly, the development of a methodology for assessing the results of strategies for foreign economic activity, and secondly, the analysis of strategies for foreign economic activity, as a result of their commodity market, resource market, technological, integration, and financial investment strategies. As a result of the study, the features of Russian corporations’ strategies of foreign economic activity have been revealed. Their trajectories are shown in the “commodity item - country” coordinate system.
Evolution of regional development in context of ecological and economic security
Authors: Dovbiy Irina , Kobyljakova Vlada
Published: May 2021

The article describes the transformations taking place in the Russian regional economy. The research is based on the hypothesis that the regional economy develops according to the laws of cyclical development. The research is based on the theory of technologies and global economic structures of Yuri Glazyev. A special place is occupied by the identification of patterns of change in the phenomenon of region and the prediction of its institutional characteristics. The global economy is entering a new cycle of development driven by climate change. The place and role of the region as a special subject of economic relations is changing. The region's environmental and economic security becomes a condition for its competitiveness. The task was set and solved to analyze the main trends in the development of the ecological and economic security of the region, which can ensure the harmonization of interests of the regions and the federal center during the transition to a new technological structure. The authors formulated a conflict of interests caused by the state's development policy and the deterioration of the environment in the regions.
Environmental assessment of the industrial region growth points in the Ural Federal District area
Authors: Aupova Svetlana , Silova Elena
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the diversification of the regional economy and searching for new drivers and growth points. The purpose of the work is to analyze the state and development of the regional economy using the example of the Ural Federal District's regions and identify their potential growth points. The information base of the study is regional statistics provided by the Federal Statistics Service of Russia. The study used methods of statistical analysis, in particular, dynamics analysis and correlation analysis. The analysis of the leading indicators characterizing the development of the regional economy is carried out: the sectoral structure of the GRP, the index of industrial production, the level of scientific and technological development, and per capita income.
A structural relationship between the sufficiency economy philosophy and the transport performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Thailand
Authors: Potjanajaruwit Pisit
Published: May 2021

The purposes of this study were; (1) to explore the application level of the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Thailand, and (2) to explore the relationship between the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy and business performance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Thailand. The assigned sample population included 395 business owners of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Thailand and a questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. The statistics used in the analysis were Arithmetic Mean, Standard deviation, and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient with defined statistical significance of .05. The study revealed that the application level of the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy to business management of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Thailand was at a high level. Knowledge in the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy, however, was applied at a moderate level. It was found that the relationship between the application of the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy and the business performance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Thailand was a significant relationship with statistical significance of .05. For the related components; Moderation, Reasonableness, Social Immunity, Knowledge, and Virtue, each was also found relevant to the business performance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises with statistical significance of .05.
Innovative solutions for forming supply chains in the conditions of economic instability
Authors: Kharlamova Tatiana , Kharlamov Andrey , Lemeshchenko Peter
Published: May 2021

The article examines the changes in the requirements for the development and implementation of innovations in the process of forming and improving supply chains in the face of increasing economic instability. Economic instability is presented as the most important trend in the modern economy and significant factor forming new requirements for supply chains. This, in turn, involves the improvement of applied technologies and development of new technologies, as well as the search for progressive technical and managerial solutions to meet the interests of a wide range of business entities and consumers of goods and services. A distinctive feature of this study is the fact that economic instability is viewed by the authors through the prism of both economic and non-economic processes having, inter alia, an impact on the economic system, including political, military, environmental, epidemiological and other processes. The article focuses on the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, as well as its impact on logistics solutions, and the specific demands on supply chains. It is substantiated that the introduction of technical and managerial innovations in this area will allow us to take into account the features and consequences of the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and to effectively influence the processes associated with improving supply chains. Thus, it will ensure compliance with the requirements and conditions determined by modern conditions associated with increased economic instability.
Problems and perspectives of sustainable trade development in China under the one belt one road initiative
Authors: Ji Zhi , Abuselidze George , Lymar Valeriia
Published: May 2021

In the paper the authors proved that China’s growth towards dominance in international trade has begun recently, but, on average, the growth of China’s trade volume has doubled every four years over the past three decades. The paper analyses that the rapid growth of the Chinese economy provides all countries around the world especially neigh boring countries, with a chance of interconnected development, which had a decisive impact on the economic prosperity of the world economy at the end of the last and at the beginning of this century. The key priority of Chinese economic policy was called attracting FDI, but gradually it focused on foreign direct investment (FDI) from China. Therefore, the “one belt, one road” initiative has brought maximum effect not only on the country itself, but on the entire global economy, and has become the basis for multilateral economic development. Accordingly, we have come to the conclusion that the project the “one belt, one road” has a goal to strengthen the geopolitical cooperation between Asia and Europe, so it is Ukraine that is important in its implementation. Ukraine is a strategically important logistics hub between Asia and Europe. It is proved that Ukraine is now a promising country in Eastern Europe and has a significant deferred purchasing power potential, which will increase if the political and economic situation in the country stabilizes.
The algorithm development based on the immune search for solving unclear problems to detect the optical flow with minimal cost
Authors: Purchina Olga , Poluyan Anna , Fugarov Dmitry
Published: May 2021

The main aim of the research is the development of effective methods and algorithms based on the hybrid principles functioning of the immune system and evolutionary search to determine a global optimal solution to optimisation problems. Artificial immune algorithms are characterised as diverse ones, extremely reliable and implicitly parallel. The integration of modified evolutionary algorithms and immune algorithms is proposed to be used for the solution of above problem. There is no exact method for the efficient solving unclear optimisation problems within the polynomial time. However, by determining close to optimal solutions within the reasonable time, the hybrid immune algorithm (HIA) is capable to offer multiple solutions, which provide compromise between several goals. Quite few researches have been focused on the optimisation of more than one goal and even fewer used to have distinctly considered diversity of solutions that plays fundamental role in good performance of any evolutionary calculation method.
Introduction of theoretical and methodological basis of agroclusters to the economy of Uzbekistan
Authors: Saidov M , Abduvasikov A , Mamadiyorov D , Saidova D
Published: May 2021

This article explores the theoretical issues of creating clusters, their tasks and capabilities, the impact of clusters on regional competitiveness. The internationally standardized experience in the creation and development of agricultural clusters were learned deeply in this article. The directions of the development of agricultural clusters in Uzbekistan are indicated.
The metaphysics of environmental responsibility in the context of self-determination of human being
Authors: Torubarova Tatyana , Dyachenko Olga
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the metaphysical meaning of responsibility as a fundamental constituent of human existence. The urgency of the research is determined by contradictions of modern information-driven civilization, simulative nature of reality imitating human life, with man becoming the construct of rational schemes and technical manipulations, i. e. the conditions leading to downplaying human essence of a sane and responsible personality. The correlation of personality, freedom and responsibility in the metaphysical experience of man is revealed. It is shown that responsibility forms personal competence of man, is a structural element of his metaphysical experience, his event structure. The essence of responsibility as a structurally forming element of human existence, performing man-forming function, is analyzed. In this respect the problem of man’s identity in the modern world is comprehended. The essence of freedom as the reverse side of responsibility, as responsibility for one’s own content and being is shown. The notion of moral responsibility is explicated. The conclusion is made that the criterion of responsibility should be placed at the basis of human relations with the world.
Suggestive power of the word in the information space for sustainable development
Authors: Nikolenko Olga
Published: May 2021

The article reveals the problem of the status of suggestive texts, which is relevant for modern psycho-linguistics, determines their functional capabilities that allow them to participate in the structuring of speech images and convey subjective intentions through speech. The author proves that prayers, conspiracies, neurolinguistic programming and affirmations, increasing the emotionality of speech, play a special role in the implementation of the pragmatic goals of communication, since they contain a volume of suggestion that is much greater than in the options without them. All this explains the use of the designated units both in the media and in personality improvement courses: thanks to these formal shells, the author focuses the attention of his recipients on the key points of the message. Due to intentionality, suggestive statements act as a means of objectifying the worldview of their addressee. The aim of this study is to strive to comprehensively describe the texts of a suggestive orientation with an emphasis on their linguistic potential. In this regard, a significant role in achieving the set goals is assigned to the comparative characteristics of phono-lexico-syntactic units in prayers, conspiracies, texts of neurolinguistic programming and affirmations.
Autotraining using sustainable digital technologies: myth or reality
Authors: Filatova-Safronova Margarita , Kuramshina Daria
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to analyze the possibilities that modern digital technologies offer to the fields of health, psychotherapy, psychology and self-help. A review of various studies in the field of digital medicine with statistical data was conducted. The conclusions that researchers from different countries came to were similar: digital health applications are a practical solution that can be used to improve mental and psychological health. Moreover, digital psychotherapy can serve as a preventive tool to avert the development of mental disorders, increase the ability to deal with stress and mental problems, grow self-confidence, and more. The results of a study that was carried out using a Russian multimedia tool Master Kit are discussed. After using the program for three months, its users advanced in their ability to create an image of the desired outcome (a goal) and develop a plan to reach it. There is a noticeable difference in how goal-oriented the users became and their ability to independently self-train. Experimental data suggest that the tool can be effectively used to form and transform personal beliefs through a self-training format. More than half of the subjects talked about their satisfaction with the method, and more than one-quarter of them noted that their expectations from working with the program were fully satisfied.
Life quality in the Center and Periphery of the Urals and the Volga regions
Authors: Pletnev Dmitri , Barkhatov Victor
Published: May 2021

The quality of life plays a crucial role in ensuring sustainable development and improving human interaction with the environment, solving environmental problems. On the other hand, there is a tendency for the outflow of both people and their capital from peripheral regions to the centers, worsening the quality of life throughout the country. The article assesses the quality of life in the Urals and Volga regions using the center-periphery framework. The data of the regional statistics of Rosstat and the data of the RA RIA rating were used. The article uses the methods of statistical analysis, generalization, and abstraction. The stable types of regions (Center, Periphery 1, Periphery 2) were identified, the type of each region was identified. The assessment of trends in the level of monetary incomes, meat consumption, the number of tourists traveling abroad, and other life quality indicators by groups of regions. It is concluded that the division of regions according to the quality of life is stable, and the differences only increase.
Usage motivation of a new health application in the elderly and the general public through family institution and social media channels
Authors: Kaewprasert Kanokwan
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore usage motivation and satisfaction of a new health application among the elderly in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. The sampled population included elderly individuals living in the region, and the data were collected using a questionnaire. The resulting data were then analyzed statistically using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study revealed that the motivation for using the new health application was overall at a very good level. When considered in different aspects, motivation for application usage and self-care were found at a very good level, while the motivation from the application’s benefits and in recommendation or referral were found at a good level. As for usage behavior, users of the new health application were found to use it approximately 4 times per day. The outcomes of the hypothesis tests also revealed that the motivation from the application’s benefits and application usage were found to positively affect the usage satisfaction in terms of the decision to use with statistical significance level of .01. Motivation from the application’s benefits and self-care were also found to positively affect usage satisfaction in terms of usage frequency (times/day) with statistical significance level of .01.
Testing as a Method of Teaching and Education in the Context of Learning History
Authors: Shandulin Evgeny , Dmitrieva Polina
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the description of the psychological, pedagogical, and methodological foundations of educational testing in the framework of mastering the educational program in history. The relevance of the study is due to the widespread use of distance learning technologies, which leads to a decrease of teacher control over the students during testing, on the one hand, and an increase of students’ independent work on the other. At the same time, the authors note that tests are usually used exclusively as a control and evaluation measure, but they also contain developmental potential. The novelty of the research lies in substantiating the possibility of using the test as a method of education in the context of mastering historical disciplines. The article describes a systematic algorithm for working with the test, which provides an elaboration of each of the elements of the testing and actualization of knowledge about the mentioned events. This method contributes to the formation of stable associative links, as well as methods for analyzing information and searching for an answer using contrario reasoning. The conclusion of the article describes the possibilities of using the test as a method of learning, self-training, and education, as well as the prospects for researching the effectiveness of using “learning testing”. The authors conclude that it is necessary to develop guidelines for learning testing.
Strategies for Self-Fulfillment of Ambitious Young People
Authors: Barsukova Oksana , Scherbina Elena , Shestopalova Olesya , Demicheva Daria
Published: May 2021

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of self-fulfillment strategies in ambitious and unambitious young people. Ambition is understood by us as the desire of a person to become a significant person and to be recognized by other people for their achievements. Self- fulfillment is a person’s empowerment of himself, his personality, his value, this desire for high appreciation and self-esteem, and the behavior corresponding to this desire. Self- fulfillment can be implemented in one of three strategies – constructive, aggressive, or in the rejection of self- fulfillment. We assumed that there would be differences in the representation of self-fulfillment on strategies among ambitious and unambitious young people. The study involved 94 young people aged 18-22 years. The majority of young people consider themselves ambitious or rather ambitious people (70.21%). Less than a third of young people consider themselves to be unambitious or rather unambitious people (29.79%). In ambitious young people, two strategies of self- fulfillment were identified – constructive self-affirmation (60.60%) and rejection of self-affirmation (39.39%). Three strategies were identified among ambitious young people – refusal of self- fulfillment (42.86%), constructive self- fulfillment (42.86%) and aggressive self- fulfillment (14.28%). There were no statistically significant differences in the representation of constructive self- fulfillment and rejection of self- fulfillment in ambitious and unambitious young people. The only difference is that aggressive self- fulfillment is presented unambitious in unholy young people and is not present in ambitious young people.
The relationship between the features of figurative and logical thinking and learning difficulties
Authors: Belousova Alla , Yamanova Namjil , Sinchenko Tatiana
Published: May 2021

The article examines the relationship between the level of formation of verbal and logical operations and learning difficulties in primary school children. Thinking is considered as a key component of the cognitive development of the student’s personality. The study sample consisted of 71 primary school children aged 7 to 12 years, including 55 boys and 16 girls. The research methods were the survey method, diagnostic methods, and statistical methods. According to the results of the study, the levels of imaginative and logical thinking and learning difficulties in younger schoolchildren are identified, and their interrelationships are highlighted. The conclusions can be used in pedagogical practice for effective psychological and pedagogical support and training of children with special educational needs in general education schools.
The influence of information and communication technologies in the educational process of the university
Authors: Bersirova Asya , Khakunova Fatimet , Khakunov Nurbi , Shkhakhutova Zarema , Grebennikova Veronika
Published: May 2021

This article summarizes the results of research aimed at studying the impact of the transition to online learning using information and communication technologies (ICT) in the educational process on the psychological comfort of students at the Adyghe State University in the direction of “Psychological and pedagogical education”. During the study, a set of complementary research methods was used: theoretical, empirical, statistical, as well as private methods aimed at assessing the level of anxiety, sociability, motivation for learning, and the questionnaire aimed at identifying the level of psychological comfort of students in online learning. We suspected that the transition to online learning can affect the psycho-emotional state and psychological comfort of students: trait and state anxiety will increase; the level of motivation for learning, and the level of students’ communicative activity will decrease. Analysis and interpretation of the data showed that in the process of online learning, the majority of the tested respondents were dominated by average and high values of situational and personal anxiety (43.9% and 47.9%, respectively). 59% of respondents faced psychological discomfort because of the necessary to sharply adapt to the new format of education. There were also difficulties with self-organization of learning process outside the university - 21.7%, as well as difficulties associated with the material and technical base, created an uncomfortable psycho-emotional state in the subjects of the educational process - 3.5%. Therefore, in introducing online learning, it is necessary to take into account several possible risks that affect both the quality of the learning process and the psycho-emotional state of students. Moreover, a necessary condition, in our opinion, is considering the individual and personal characteristics of students in the process of integrating ICT into the educational system to improve health and create conditions for the psychological comfort of students.
Competence approach in teaching the discipline “Life safety and environmental protection”
Authors: Pushenko Sergey , Aksenova Vera
Published: May 2021

The article outlines quantitative criteria of students’ performance results in the course of studying the subject ‘Life Safety’ in the times of online education. The process of education is conducted using the competency-based approach and presupposes the evaluation of performance with the help of 3 levels: basic (adaptive), independent (productive), competent (creative). The evaluation of the indicators of students’ knowledge and skills was done using a modular rating system. The discipline is taught in 2 main ways: lectures and seminars. The assessment of students’ knowledge was conducted using progress tests, mid-term and final tests. The article provides Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient which indicates a very high level of correlation between the ratings of students’ achievements in different Modules of the course. The results indicate that using online education to prepare Bachelor’s degree students for their final test in the subject ‘Life Safety’ was effective, there were no serious disadvantages; which leads to a tentative hope of integrating online education into regular education in the future.
Ecological well-being of water sources as a factor of an industrial city sustainable development
Authors: Khodorovskaia Nadezhda , Yachmenev Vladislav , Kravtsova Anna , Kraineva Svetlana , Deryabina Larisa
Published: May 2021

In this article a “well-being” degree of the water supply source of a major industrial center (Chelyabinsk, Russia) is determined in compliance with criteria of the sustainable development goal 6 “Clean water and sanitation” (SDG 6). It is demonstrated that the Shershnevskoye reservoir corresponds to the main water quality indicators recommended by the SDG 6 and is the “good-quality” water body according to the national standards for maximum permissible concentrations for drinking water use during the entire period of the reservoir existence. The dynamics of pH level, mineralization, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals content in the water of the reservoir for the period from 1975 to 2020 was analyzed. Stable neutral-alkaline conditions in the reservoir water were revealed; a statistically significant decrease of mineralization, increase of dissolved oxygen content and a strong trend of mineral phosphorus growth are observed, which characterizes strengthening of photosynthetic processes and increase of productivity and anthropogenic eutrophication level of the water body. The risk factor for the reservoir ecological well-being is heavy metal content, especially iron, manganese and copper.
Application of non-destructive methods of control within the inspection of concrete structures
Authors: Zabelina Olga
Published: May 2021

This paper discusses the main non-destructive quality control methods that are used in the inspection of both under construction and already existing concrete structures. Purpose of the work: to conduct a comparative analysis of non-destructive testing methods, to consider a practical example of their application in the survey of a building being reconstructed, to identify the essential points of the organization of non-destructive quality control, which must be taken into account when developing a site work execution program. Materials and methods: the application of methods of non-destructive testing, separation with spalling and the ultrasonic method of surface sounding, is considered in detail. Results: the results of the inspection of structures by the methods separation with spalling and the ultrasonic method of surface sounding are presented, the test conditions, basic requirements for correct data interpretation, and the necessary calculations are given. Recommendations are given for planning the quality control of concrete structures at the stage of organizational and technological preparation of construction. Conclusions: non-destructive quality control finds its application both in the construction of new facilities and in the inspection of existing buildings. The choice of the survey method is made at the stage of development of a site work execution program, while it is necessary to take into account the features and scope of application of a particular method, probable measurement error, it is also possible to use several methods in combination.
Digital transformation of the organization of construction production
Authors: Sinenko Sergey , Poznakhirko Tatiana , Tomov Amir
Published: May 2021

The paper presents some considerations about the digitalization of the organization of construction production during the construction of buildings. The future is fast approaching, and we are heading towards a technological singularity. The issue of digitalization in the construction of buildings is relevant in modern conditions. Taking into account the importance of the ongoing changes, it is necessary to start using digitalization by all participants in the construction, including the services of the public and private customer, developer, technical customer, designer, contractor, and others in order to plan and implement construction processes of their information modeling. The current relevance of the digitalization of the technical customer’s activities is caused by the fact that the modern approach has undoubted advantages. Moreover, this approach has been partially tested. The old approach corresponds to all the clichéd notions of the “ordinary” technical customer about the Russian reality, where cynical administrators, cruel investors and many more various management entities interfere with the introduction of electronic management tools.
Assessment of the possibility of improving the efficiency of the organizational and technological model of the building under construction through the use of foreign single estimated standards for construction works
Authors: Fatullaev Rustam , Gergaulova Veronika , Aydarov Stanislav
Published: May 2021

The influence of project management in construction industry has been increased significantly in recent years due to development of various management tools, such as BIM for instance. Nevertheless, all technological innovations and developments are based on a fundamental knowledge and skills in this area, such as: correct scope, time, cost and quality management. The previously mentioned skills are widely known, described in detail and employed in a varying degree all over the world. However, the results of project planning that have been achieved, albeit in the exact same manor may vary greatly throughout the world due to parameters in standard databases in different countries, such as activity costs, established workforce performance and formation of the crews. The task of this research is to develop an economical, cost and time planning for the execution of construction for the residential estate, according to the fundamental management tools based on the Russian and Spanish standard databases, in order to examine the distinct differences between said databases.
Comparison of options and optimization of sorting and collection of waste at demolition sites during renovation
Authors: Chulkov Vitaly , Yevstigneyeva Ekaterina
Published: May 2021

The most famous and relevant innovative type of construction reorganization of urban areas is renovation that is defined in the directive documents of the Moscow Government as the demolition and dismantling of buildings in conditionally autonomous urban areas, defined by the well-known Resolution of the Moscow Government and legal documents explaining it, without taking into account the degree of physical or moral aging of these buildings and structures with the aim of erecting multi-storey residential buildings with increased comfort living in these territories. Thus, a certain meaning of renovation makes it possible and necessary to purposefully study and model the life cycle of this socio-technical and organizational-technological construction process, which has certain formal differences from the well-known model of the traditional life cycle of a construction facility and the sequence of stages in the implementation of this life cycle. The difference in the configuration of the life cycle of a construction facility in the traditional approach and in the innovative one in the conditions of renovation has been determined. In the study, this difference highlights the stage of demolition and dismantling, with which the problem of disposal of construction waste is inextricably linked. In this regard, an urgent task of comparing options and optimization of sorting and collection of waste at demolition and dismantling facilities at the first stage of renovationarises. Three options for solving this problem and projects for the production of work have been developed for each of the three options for the demolition and dismantling of buildings. The most rational is the second option.
Determination of cracking causes in building structural elements
Authors: Halushko Valentina , Meneiliuk Alexandr , Kyryliuk Stanislav
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the problems of buildings built many years ago, in which current and major repairs were not carried out in an appropriate manner. At the same time, buildings experience various deformations, such as yield, heel, subsidence, deflections, bends, twists, distortions, horizontal displacements. The survey of residential buildings built in the 80s is described and the analysis of the results of the survey of one of these buildings is carried out. The theoretical problem of the distribution of moisture in depth and various degrees of soil moisture has been solved. The reasons for the appearance of cracks in structures and cracks between individual building elements are also determined. The survey of a 9-storey brick residential building, built in the late 80s, which is in the period of normal operation, is considered. At the same time, the considered building is operated with significant deviations from regulatory requirements. The causes of cracks in individual structures and cracks between individual elements in the building are found. The problem of the distribution of moisture in depth with local soaking is solved on the basis of a numerical method, and the character of soil moistening at different depths with different degrees of moistening and characteristics of the base soil is obtained.
Methods and technologies of seismic strengthening of buildings with brick walls
Authors: Kondratiev Vladimir , Yusupov Hamza , Egorova Vera , Kurtametov Said
Published: May 2021

Methods and instructions on the production technologies for the restoration and reinforcement of buildings with walls made of fired bricks, which have received various damages as a result of earthquakes, physical wear, and also have inconsistencies in space-planning and design solutions with the requirements of current regulatory documents, are given.

The most typical types of damage to elements and structures of buildings as a result of earthquakes were identified and classified according to the results of analyzes of their consequences, in which the authors were directly involved (by the nature of their scientific and practical activities), as well as according to the analytical review of the relevant sources.

The identification and compilation of classifications of the most common facts of inconsistency of space-planning and structural solutions with the requirements of the current design standards was carried out on the basis of the results of field inspections of the technical condition of numerous objects, the experience of which was accumulated by the authors over the past several years.

Based on the results obtained, methods and technologies for seismic amplification of elements and structures of buildings have been developed, reflecting their features, composition and sequence of operations for the production of work, also based on the authors’ many years of experience in the implementation of similar developments, acquired during the implementation of a number of state scientific and technical programs, innovative projects and contractual work.

For each of the considered cases and reinforcement options, the corresponding standards have been developed in relation to the labor intensity and cost of performing work, the recommended composition of the links and the corresponding standard set.
Risks in the construction of houses for the disabled and the elderly
Authors: Sheina Svetlana , Shvets Artem , Gorbaneva Elena
Published: May 2021

The paper presents possible problems in the construction of houses for the disabled and the elderly. The relevance of the construction of these real estate objects and the consideration of this issue of the article is displayed. The possible main hazards during capital construction are given. The economic aspect of the construction issue, its nuances, and methodology are considered in detail using the examples of two objects of houses for the disabled and the elderly of various forms of ownership. For each of the potential planned objects, the necessary data collection was performed, calculations of possible income based on the activities of the house for the disabled and the elderly, expenses, both at the construction stage and at the exploitation stage, which are shown in this article. Graphically, the result of the comparative analysis of the two objects for economic efficiency is shown and the conclusion is made about the choice of the most profitable form for performing specific tasks.
Green building investment control system based on a three-dimensional parametric model of the green building
Authors: Monastyreva Daria , Astafieva Natalia
Published: May 2021

Investment in construction projects is a rather complex process. The customer of construction product, as a rule, is also its investor and for him the systematization of information about the construction process is a necessity. Construction investment control (CIC) is an integral part of the building construction process. Such control is a separate service that is necessary for the customer to objectively understand the installed work volumes and forecast deadlines. Completed construction and installation works are confirmed by acts of acceptance of the completed works, which are subsequently the basis for payment for the work done. In this paper, we developed a methodology for managing investments in construction, as well as their control using modern BIM technologies. The effectiveness of using 3D modelling in investment control was demonstrated on the example of a residential complex. In addition, the volume of work obtained from the 3D-model was compared with the volume of work calculated manually. As a result, the exact amount of work and schedules for forecasting investment of funds were obtained.
Structure of realised risks of projects for construction nuclear power plant by Rosatom State Corporation in 2010-2020
Authors: Voronkov Ivan , Ostrovskii Roman
Published: May 2021

Rosatom State Corporation is one of the world leaders in the construction of nuclear power plant (NPP), keeping a ten-year portfolio of foreign orders at the level of 140 billion $. Taking into account the long period of construction nuclear power plant, significant amount of capital investment, significant number of participants investment-construction project, critically important for constructer organizer to identify and consider possible risks of project implementation in time, developing and improving its management mechanisms. As a part of research risk analysis and systematization was performed, realized in the construction of nuclear power plants by domestic specialist in 2008-2020 (Novovoronezh NPP-2, Rostov NPP, Kursk NPP-2, Belarussian NPP, NPP Kudankulm, NPP El-Dabaa, NPP Akkuyu, NPP Rooppur, NPP Paksh-2). Based on the analysis formed 8 risk families, determined shares of these groups in general registry. The revealed structure of realized risks demonstrates, that the largest share in general registry is made up of technical and organizational risks, which are systematically given insufficient attention by researches and construction organizers. Conducted research also allows us to draw a conclusion about the most common risk concerning late detection of complex conditions of the object placement site, which was implemented in five projects out of nine considered. The results of the accomplished research can be used in the development of modern nuclear power plant construction projects in Russia and abroad, which will have a positive impact on the competitiveness of domestic projects in the global nuclear power plant market and increase their profitability. The experience of nuclear power in terms of risk management can become a driver for full-scale improvement of organizational and technological approaches in the construction of unique buildings and structures in the future.
Development of approaches to technical inspection of is “green” buildings
Authors: Kapustkina Anna
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issues and methodology of the development of the technical survey of the building constructed with the use of “green” technologies. The implementation of investment and construction projects of this kind over the past decade is gaining more and more popularity in our country. This is largely due to several factors, including the need to save energy resources, reduce utility costs, increase the comfort and safety of people living or working in such buildings, and take care of the environment. To date, the greatest interest in the implementation of “green” investment and construction projects is the implementation of office, retail, sports and warehouse facilities. The construction of residential buildings is not yet as popular as in Western countries, but there is a trend towards its development. There are a number of foreign and Russian standards that allow you to certify a building for the assignment of the status of a “green” object. Methods of scoring in the presented standards (BREEAM, LEED and GREEN ZOOМ) mainly focused on energy efficiency, safety, comfort, an important environmental aspects of construction, however, almost no technical component and verification algorithms of structural elements of the building. Carrying out a high-quality technical survey is a prerequisite for making a decision on the reconstruction, re-profiling or repair of the object. In conducting these activities should take into account the fact that the engineer needs to spend not just a “green” technical survey and study taking into account the specific “green” technologies, including to identify design features of the building, to conduct a detailed examination of all utilities, to identify the effectiveness of the functioning and relevance of using specific design elements (if any), to develop arrangements for the repair, conversion or renovation with regard to maintaining or certification. Within the framework of the presented article, the authors identified problems, developed a comprehensive algorithm for conducting a technical survey of a building built with the use of "green" technologies, and gave methodological recommendations.
Stress-strain state of spherical shells with two unequal holes
Authors: Noraliev Nurilla , Ishniyazov Bakhrom , Safarov Bunyod , Saparov Oybek
Published: May 2021

This article presents the results of a numerical study of the stress concentration around two equal and unequal holes in an orthotropic spherical shell made of composite materials under the action of internal pressure. The influence of geometric (hole radii, shell thickness, distance between holes) characteristics, as well as material orthotropy and shear stiffness, on the stress state of spherical shells made of composite materials is studied. A numerical algorithm based on the finite element method has been developed and a software package has been implemented on a computer that allows solving the problem of stress concentration near two unequal holes in spherical shells made of composite materials.
Training quality for Vietnamese cadres and civil servants in the context of international integration
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hoa
Published: May 2021

In the current context, the training for cadres and civil servants is crucial to the operations of the civil service system. However, it is influenced by many factors, affecting its effectiveness in practice. This article makes mention of factors affecting the quality of training and retraining for cadres and civil servants, such as policy institution, management, inspection, supervision and curriculum, etc., Therefore, identifying factors affecting the training and retraining is to find suitable solutions, making an important contribution to improve the capacity of cadres and public servants as well as the effectiveness of public service.
Development of educational motivation through the youth socio-cultural, environmental and leisure practices
Authors: Goncharov Vadim , Ivashova Valentina , Kolosova Olga , Tronina Larisa , Berkovsky Vyacheslav
Published: May 2021

The presents the results of a study of the developmental potential of socio-cultural and leisure practices of youth, used in university education to increase educational adaptation and motivation of students. The relevance of the study lies in the identification of new motivational mechanisms that provide more effective educational adaptation and motivation of young people to obtain vocational education. The relevance of the research is confirmed in the substantive discussion of scientists in the field of transformation of cultural and leisure practices and improving the mechanisms of educational motivation in vocational education. The empirical part of the study of the development of educational motivation through socio-cultural and leisure practices, implemented in the university community, was conducted by a questionnaire survey of 458 people from among the students of the Stavropol Territory. The data was processed using the SPSS Statistics program (version 21). Factor analysis was performed by the method of separation of the main components and by the method of rotation – Varimax with Kaiser Normalization. We present the models of socio-cultural activity that contribute to educational adaptation and increase the motivation of professional self-determination and the formation of future specialists.