bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN CYCLIC LOCOMOTIONS IN THE STUDIES WITH VARIOUS GROUND-BASED MODELS OF HEAD-DOWN AND ORTHOSTATIC BED REST
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shpakov А.V. , Voronov А.V. ,   Federal Science Center of Physical Culture and Sport, Moscow, Puchkova А.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Primachenko G.К. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: June 2024

The paper reports the results of comparative analysis of the kinematic and electromyographic data about human locomotions before and after head-down and orthostatic bed rest of varying length, and successive exposure. We analyzed 3 experimental series, i.e. 21-d head-down bed rest at –6˚(HDBR) reproducing the physiological effects of microgravity, 14-d orthostatic bed rest at +9.6˚ (OBR) reproducing the lunar gravity effects and sequential exposure to 3-d HDBR and 7-d OBR reproducing a mission to the Moon. Locomotions consisted of walking at 60 steps/min and running at the 10 km/h along the horizontal plane, and walking at 3.5 km/h along an inclined plane. All hyporkinesia models unfailingly caused marked changes in kinematics and motor movements. Both types of hypokinesia affected intramuscular and intermuscular coordination as in the gravity-dependent, so flexor muscles of the ankle and knee joint. OBR had a more distinct effect on locomotion biomechanics in comparison with the baseline data. Walking along the inclined plane was characterized by significant changes equally in kinematics and EMG. In addition to changes of the external walking structure, the sequence of 3-d HDBR and 7-d OBR also redistributed the specific input to locomotion of the leg, thigh and specific muscles.
ADVANCEMENT OF THE MEANS FOR MEDICAL SUPPORT DURING EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kotov O.V. , Polyakov A.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kovachevich I.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Pozdnyakov S.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Repenkova L.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: June 2024

Special medical procedures are conducted to prevent and mitigate the medical risks for cosmonauts working outside the pressurized space vehicles, both during preparations for and implementing the extravehicular activities (EVA). These include assessment of health adequacy for EVA, control of preventing instructions, EVA medical monitoring, and advice as appropriate. The paper presents the integrated EVA medical monitoring data from the cosmonauts of orbital station Mir and International space station (ISS RS). Experience shows the criticality of medical prevention for successful EVAs, and necessity to have an EVA medical kit in ISS RS.
REGULATION OF HUMAN CEREBRAL CIRCULATION DURING COGNITIVE ACTIVITY. MARS-500 STUDY
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Moreva T.I. , Moreva O.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: June 2024

Investigation of cerebral arterial circulation during cognitive testing was performed before and after prolonged isolation of 6 healthy subjects imitating a mission to space. The ultrasonic technique was used to measure linear blood velocity (LBV) in the medial cerebral artery (MCA) in the course of verbal and tactile testing. Analysis of MCA LBV both before and after isolation showed that at rest and during testing blood flow changes were equally wave-like; however, the amplitude made a significant increase at testing. It was found that LBV fluctuations occurred within the low-frequency band (LFB) and were consistent with the regular changes in tone of resistive vessels, primarily due to own myogenic activity. The wave-like LBV dynamics was observed over all testing time in all the subjects irrespective of central hemodynamics and respiration parameters. Analysis of LBV dynamics revealed a reliable seasonal (periodic) component supporting to the wave-like LBV fluctuations during testing. At large, prolonged isolation did not influence cerebral circulation much but for the reaction to the verbal testing after isolation completion when we registered a reliable rise of the LFB amplitude in left CMA due to activation of the left hemisphere resulting from specifics of communication in a small isolated group. We assume that the wave-like blood flow in cerebral vessels is an adaptive mechanism of autoregulation capable to meet the metabolic demand of the brain during cognitive testing and protect from local hyperthermia.
Limitaciones del parámetro Vs30 para la predicción del movimiento fuerte
Authors: Leyton Felipe
Published: June 2024

El parámetro Vs30, esto es, el promedio armónico de las ondas S en los 30 primeros metros de la superficie se ha usado extensivamente para modelar las condiciones locales de un sitio. Pero, diversos estudios han mostrado las deficienciasque este parámetro posee para predecir efectivamente el movimiento fuerte. En el presente estudio se comparanestimaciones de peligro sísmico no ergódicas con las mismas hechas considerando Vs30 para mostrar sus limitaciones. Seobserva que, en general, para suelos duros, las estimaciones son parecidas, pero para suelos blandos, se observan grandesdiferencias. Ello se acentúa para suelos con periodos sobre 1 s, considerando periodos de respuesta largos. Estosresultados reflejan que el parámetro Vs30 no logra capturar de buena manera el comportamiento de suelos con periodos largos.
Evaluación comparativa mediante diseño basado en el desempeño de un edificio estructurado en base a muros
Authors: Vielma-Quintero Juan Carlos , Carvallo Jorge , Vielma Juan Carlos
Published: June 2024

El diseño basado en el desempeño ha sido cada vez más utilizado en la práctica debido a mejoras computacionales,la sofisticación y difusión de métodos de análisis no lineales, y al desarrollo de programas comerciales que facilitan su aplicación. Podemos evaluar el efecto no lineal de eventos sísmicos de gran magnitud en el comportamientoestructural de un edificio, verificar diseños preliminares con métodos basados en fuerzas, validar regulacionesde diseño estándar, determinar deformaciones y calcular aceleraciones que pueden traducirse en parámetros de dañoestructural y pérdidas económicas, entre otras funciones. Documentos guía han presentado metodologías paraestablecer requisitos, criterios de evaluación y métodos de análisis, cada uno con diferentes objetivos. En esteartículo, se aplica uno de los métodos, conocido como el procedimiento alternativo de ACHISINA, a una estructuraen base a muros diseñada según las normas chilenas actuales. Se aborda la modelización de la estructuraresistente a los terremotos del edificio, la preparación de registros sísmicos y los aspectos que limitan la aplicaciónrigurosa del método en un marco de análisis no elástico. Los resultados obtenidos en los respectivos análisis paraevaluar el desempeño estructural se comparan con los criterios de desempeño correspondientes delineados en elprocedimiento de ACHISINA.
ANP-vessel Dilator Enhances the Effect of Trametinib on Colorectal Cancer Cells via the MAPK Pathway
Authors: Al-Husein Belal A. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Issa Dua A. , Alqudah Mohammad A. Y. , Shara Mohd
Published: June 2024

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant disease that involves the interaction of both genetic and environmental factors. Trametinib (TNB) has been approved alone or in combination with dabrafenib to treat melanoma. Vessel dilator (VDL) is a cardiac hormone that possesses anticancer properties. This study evaluates TNB with VDL combined effects in CRC cells and explores the role of Mutagen-activated protein kinases (MAPK, ERK1/2) in this effect.

Methods

The HCT-15 CRC cells were treated with TNB and VDL. The MTT and ELISA assays were used to assess p-ERK, VEGF, and VEGFR levels.

Results

The results showed that combined treatment of TNB with VDL produced a significant and synergistic inhibition of HCT-15 cell growth with a combination index of less than 1. A combination treatment demonstrated no change in the expression of VEGF, inhibition of VEGFR2, and reduction of p-ERK1/2 in HCT-15 cells.

Conclusion

The findings encourage further evaluation of this combination as the combined effect is not mediated through p-ERK, VEGF, and VEGFR.
Non-surgery Treatment with MEAW Technique in Skeletal Class III Malocclusion and Facial Asymmetry in Adults: A Case Report
Authors: Le Lam Nguyen , Thi Thao , Le Khanh Phuong Vu
Published: June 2024

Background

Treating skeletal Class III malocclusions characterized by mandibular deviation, facial asymmetry, and other complex orthodontic issues is among the most demanding orthodontic procedures. Orthognathic surgery is not recommended to everyone due to the dangers involved. Hence, it is considered to be very difficult to correct face asymmetry with orthodontics alone, much less without surgery.

Objective

The goals of this case study were to decrease crowding in the upper teeth, manage the vertical dimension, and treat the patient's primary complaints of crossbite in the anterior teeth and facial asymmetry.

Case Presentation

A female patient, aged 21, came in with many concerns, including an incisor crossbite, facial asymmetry, and an insecurity that manifested only when she smiled. An adult patient with a mandibular deviation to the right and an incisor crossbite received orthodontic treatment for these issues. The patient had asymmetric molar extraction in both the lower and upper jaws to retract the lower incisors and correct the midline of the teeth using intermaxillary elastic. Fixed appliances were utilized in conjunction with overbearing lower anterior braces to manage the torque on the lower anterior teeth. As a result, she had a pleasant smile, a harmonious face, and stable dental and skeletal connections. The whole therapeutic period lasted 30 months. As a result, asymmetric molar extraction may be an acceptable option for retracting mandibular incisors in Class III malocclusion with facial asymmetry.

Conclusion

The most important step in treating the severe skeletal Class III malocclusion in this patient without surgery was to retract the lower arch. After using the MEAW approach, Class III elastics, posterior bite turbos, and orthopedic splint treatment, the patient reported a satisfactory achievement.
Development of a Recombinant Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Virus Expressing Pneumococcal Surface Antigen A as a Strategy for Combined Protection Against Influenza and Bacterial Coinfection Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Matushkina A.S. , Isakova-Sivak I.N. , Kiseleva I.V. , Leontieva G.F , Suvorov A.N. , Rudenko L.G.
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Bacterial superinfection with Streptococcus pneumoniae following the influenza virus infection complicates the course of the disease and is a major cause of mortality during influenza virus epidemics. The effectiveness of licensed polysaccharide vaccines is limited by the serotypes included in the vaccine and possible immune tolerance during revaccination. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), which includes conserved regions and has at least two functions in pathogen virulence, is considered a promising target for the development of new-generation vaccines, including gene-engineering constructions. Therefore, the development of an influenza virus vector-based vaccine expressing conserved bacterial proteins seems to be a promising strategy for designing combined vaccines against influenza and bacterial pathogens.

Methods

A recombinant live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) expressing PspA fragment in a modified hemagglutinin was rescued on the A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (H2N2) backbone. This recombinant virus was assessed for its growth characteristics in vitro, as well as for its immunogenicity and protective capacity, using a mouse model of influenza-bacterial coinfection.

Results

The rescued recombinant LAIV/HA+PspA virus was genetically stable after sequential passaging in embryonated chicken eggs and possessed an attenuated phenotype similar to the classical LAIV strain. The LAIV/HA+PspA bivalent vaccine-induced IgG antibodies specific to both influenza virus and S. pneumoniae and provided complete protection of vaccinated mice against lethal influenza infection, as well as a 40% survival rate for lethal homologous and heterologous influenza infection complicated by concomitant bacterial infection with S. pneumoniae.

Conclusion

The presented design of a recombinant influenza virus carrying immunogenic fragments of a bacterial pathogen can be considered a promising strategy for the combined protection of vaccinated individuals against influenza and its bacterial complications, and further in-depth studies of such recombinant viruses in preclinical studies are warranted.
The Clinical Relevance of ECG Parameters in the Prediction of Cardiac Mortality: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Singh Punit K , Akhtar Salman , Gupta Ashish , Singh Sandhya
Published: June 2024

About half of all heart disease deaths are caused by cardiac arrest, making it one of the major causes of mortality in prosperous countries. When confronted with potentially fatal arrhythmias, implanted preventive cardioverter defibrillators significantly improve survival chances. However, this is only possible if high-risk patients who are prone to spontaneous cardiac arrest are identified beforehand. The current analysis examines the most recent findings regarding the use of surface electrocardiogram (ECG) data to predict sudden cardiac arrest. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the literature on non-invasive ECG techniques for predicting these kinds of cardiovascular crises. Several electrocardiographic risk stratification methods, including T-wave alternans, signal-averaged ECG, T-peak-to-end variation, early repolarization, an extension of the QT interval, QRS duration, QRS cluster patterns, and Holter monitoring, have been reviewed and analysed. These ECG results have shown to be useful as first screening instruments. Nonetheless, no single ECG measure has shown to be an effective technique for classifying individuals based on their risk of sudden cardiac arrest to date. Nevertheless, one or more of these prospective SEM metrics might potentially be important in intricate risk categorization schemes.
Teaching resources in the production of writing of the English Language in deaf students
Authors: Mendoza-Caicedo Alcira Lisseth , Mendoza-Ponce Henry Xavier
Published: June 2024

The research was related to the didactic resources in the production of writing in the deaf students of 1st-year high school of the Private Educational Unit "El Oasis". Its objective was to determine the teaching resources to improve the writing production of the English language in deaf students. For information purposes, the research had a qualitative approach with the purpose of generating information based on the narratives obtained during the implementation of an interview with the English subject teacher and the student's representative. The results presented show that the use of teaching resources positively influences the development of English language skills, especially writing skills, especially when it comes to students with different degrees of hearing impairment, where this is the only means of communication due to because teachers do not know sign language. On the other hand, it was determined that the student with hearing disabilities learns English much faster than other subjects because she likes and watches many movies titled in English and relates the vocabulary, she learned in class with what she reads in the movies.
DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING IN WILSON’S DISEASE
Authors: Kalekar Tushar , Jaipuria Radhika , Hadi Ayesha , Kuber Rajesh , Karanjule Pooja
Published: June 2024

Background: Wilson’s disease is a disorder affecting metabolism of Copper resulting in its accumulation in various organs and thereby various manifestations. Neurologic involvement in Wilson’s disease is well diagnosed using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) sequences aid to the diagnosis of Wilson’s disease. Objective: To assess the role of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) in Wilson's disease and investigate its application in the clinical course of the disease and to study its demographic distribution. Methods: A prospective observational study on 25 patients diagnosed to have Wilson's disease with or without any neurological manifestations was done performing MRI of brain with Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). A follow-up of the patients was performed at end of 6 months eliciting their clinical history. Results: In 25 patients studied, 24% patients showed diffusion restriction, corresponded with a poor prognosis as compared to the other 76% with Wilson's disease. Follow-up study after 6 months on these patients revealed that even after having good adherence with de-coppering therapy, these patients showed progressive neurological deterioration. Most of the patients were between the age group 11-20 years accounting for 44% and majority of the patients were males, accounting for 72%. Conclusion: Diffusion restriction imaging can be effective in determining neurological involvement in Wilson's disease. Patients having diffusion restriction can be considered at high risk for neurological deterioration. It is prudent to obtain diffusion restriction imaging at baseline in all patients diagnosed or suspected to have Wilson's disease.
A SIX-MONTH STUDY OF CLINICAL SYMPTOMS, IMAGING AND OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH CEREBRAL VENOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS (CVST)
Authors: Ardalani Ghasem Fatahzadeh , Pourfarzi Farhad , Haddad Amir
Published: June 2024

Background: One of the unusual cause of headache and stroke is CVST with very diverse clinical manifestation. Onset of focal headache, headache with seizures, papilledema, or focal defect are some of important clinical features. Consideration of risk factors, especially the use of hormonal drugs, recent pregnancy, coagulation disorders, as well as recent infections and systemic inflammation, can lead to clinical suspicion of CVST. For early and accurate detection we can use modern MR imaging. Objective: To evaluate the clinical symptoms and imaging findings of patients with a diagnosis of CVST during 6-months follow-up. Methods: This cross-sectional study was used on 56 patients with CVST. Clinical, preclinical, and imaging records of inpatients and also information like age, sex, and underlying diseases were collected at a checklist. After 6 months from the start of treatment, the identified patients were followed up through a telephone interview, and if there were any positive symptoms, they were visited on an outpatient basis in the neurology clinic of Alavi Hospital in Ardabil, and the necessary information was extracted. Collected data were analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS version 21. Results: Of all patients, 47 (84%) were women. The most common symptom was headache with 87.5% and then nausea and vomiting, sensory and visual symptoms with 57.1%, 51.8% and 44.6%, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that, the clinical symptoms of patients are very various and misleading, but the most common clinical symptoms were headache, nausea and vomiting. Women were involved more than men. The results of the study disclosed that CVST had wide range of clinical manifestations and non-specific symptoms at the beginning. For that reason, in especially high risk groups for thrombosis, the diagnosis of CVST should be kept in mind.
Inequalities in the Ability for People With Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes to Adapt to the Reduction in In-Person Health Support and Increased Use of Digital Support During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond: Qualitative Study
Authors: Turnbull Sophie , Cabral Christie
Published: June 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented challenges for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prediabetes to access in-person health care support. Primary care teams accelerated plans to implement digital health technologies (DHTs), such as remote consultations and digital self-management. There is limited evidence about whether there were inequalities in how people with T2D and prediabetes adjusted to these changes.

Objective

This study aimed to explore how people with T2D and prediabetes adapted to the reduction in in-person health support and the increased provision of support through DHTs during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

Methods

A purposive sample of people with T2D and prediabetes was recruited by text message from primary care practices that served low-income areas. Semistructured interviews were conducted by phone or video call, and data were analyzed thematically using a hybrid inductive and deductive approach.

Results

A diverse sample of 30 participants was interviewed. There was a feeling that primary care had become harder to access. Participants responded to the challenge of accessing support by rationing or delaying seeking support or by proactively requesting appointments. Barriers to accessing health care support were associated with issues with using the total triage system, a passive interaction style with health care services, or being diagnosed with prediabetes at the beginning of the pandemic. Some participants were able to adapt to the increased delivery of support through DHTs. Others had lower capacity to use DHTs, which was caused by lower digital skills, fewer financial resources, and a lack of support to use the tools.

Conclusions

Inequalities in motivation, opportunity, and capacity to engage in health services and DHTs lead to unequal possibilities for people with T2D and prediabetes to self-care and receive care during the COVID-19 pandemic. These issues can be addressed by proactive arrangement of regular checkups by primary care services and improving capacity for people with lower digital skills to engage with DHTs.
Clinical Simulation in the Regulation of Software as a Medical Device: An eDelphi Study
Authors: O'Driscoll Fiona , O'Brien Niki , Guo Chaohui , Prime Matthew , Darzi Ara , Ghafur Saira
Published: June 2024

Background

Accelerated digitalization in the health sector requires the development of appropriate evaluation methods to ensure that digital health technologies (DHTs) are safe and effective. Software as a medical device (SaMD) is a commonly used DHT by clinicians to provide care to patients. Traditional research methods for evaluating health care products, such as randomized clinical trials, may not be suitable for DHTs, such as SaMD. However, evidence to show their safety and efficacy is needed by regulators before they can be used in practice. Clinical simulation can be used by researchers to test SaMD in an agile and low-cost way; yet, there is limited research on criteria to assess the robustness of simulations and, subsequently, their relevance for a regulatory decision.

Objective

The objective of this study was to gain consensus on the criteria that should be used to assess clinical simulation from a regulatory perspective when it is used to generate evidence for SaMD.

Methods

An eDelphi study approach was chosen to develop a set of criteria to assess clinical simulation when used to evaluate SaMD. Participants were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling based on their experience and knowledge in relevant sectors. They were guided through an initial scoping questionnaire with key themes identified from the literature to obtain a comprehensive list of criteria. Participants voted upon these criteria in 2 Delphi rounds, with criteria being excluded if consensus was not met. Participants were invited to add qualitative comments during rounds and qualitative analysis was performed on the comments gathered during the first round. Consensus was predefined by 2 criteria: if <10% of the panelists deemed the criteria as “not important” or “not important at all” and >60% “important” or “very important.”

Results

In total, 33 international experts in the digital health field, including academics, regulators, policy makers, and industry representatives, completed both Delphi rounds, and 43 criteria gained consensus from the participants. The research team grouped these criteria into 7 domains—background and context, overall study design, study population, delivery of the simulation, fidelity, software and artificial intelligence, and study analysis. These 7 domains were formulated into the simulation for regulation of SaMD framework. There were key areas of concern identified by participants regarding the framework criteria, such as the importance of how simulation fidelity is achieved and reported and the avoidance of bias throughout all stages.

Conclusions

This study proposes the simulation for regulation of SaMD framework, developed through an eDelphi consensus process, to evaluate clinical simulation when used to assess SaMD. Future research should prioritize the development of safe and effective SaMD, while implementing and refining the framework criteria to adapt to new challenges.
The Re-socialization Path of the Community Elderly from the Perspective of Active Aging: Take Community B as an Example
Authors: Yang Zhenhai , Lei Heng , Jiang Yizhe
Published: June 2024

The 20th report pointed out that “implement the national strategy of actively responding to the aging of the population, develop the pension cause and industry, optimize the services for the elderly, and promote the realization of all the elderly enjoy the basic pension services”. It is estimated that during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China’s population will enter a moderate stage of aging. In the current situation of the population aging trend, in addition to the establishment of relevant institutional guarantees for the elderly, we should also promote the social participation of the elderly and promote the re-socialization of the elderly. Community is the basic unit of social organizations and social population gathering. With the functions of socialization, psychological support, social participation and mutual assistance, it is an important field for the re-socialization of the elderly. Community social work is based on the community, through the use of relevant resources, mobilize the community strength, promote the social participation of the elderly in the form of community activities and volunteer services of the elderly. Based on the theory of active aging and re-socialization, this study conducted a questionnaire survey and in-depth interview on the B community in Lanzhou to understand the re-socialization level and re-socialization dilemma of the elderly in community B. On the basis of the analysis of relevant data, from the three dimensions of “participation”, “health” and “guarantee”, the beneficial measures of the community in promoting the re-socialization of the elderly are summarized, and targeted suggestions are put forward.
A Study on the Optimization Strategy of Teaching Models for Scientific Thesis Writing Courses for Undergraduates in Public Administration
Authors: Li Runjia , He Sumu , An Qier
Published: June 2024

This paper, using School S as a case study, examines the current state of undergraduate scientific thesis writing courses in the field of public administration. The research reveals several key issues, including a lack of comprehensive course content, an irrational course structure, and a relatively monotonous approach to teaching methods. In response to these findings, the paper proposes strategies to enhance the richness of the course content, refine the course structure for a deeper understanding of the thesis writing process, and integrate a variety of teaching methods to stimulate students' interest and improve their writing skills.
Partition of India and Museums as Cultural Memory
Authors: Sinha Rosy , Kumar Kamayani
Published: June 2024

Partition of the Indian subcontinent generated a trauma which has not subsumed even after seventy five years. ‘Post memories’ as well as ‘prosthetic memories’ of partition continue to haunt generations born much later. It would not be an exaggeration to state that Partition qualifies as a ‘monumental traumatic event that resists understanding and integration’. Several factors contribute towards this lack of ‘integration’. A major one being, that Partition in its immediate aftermath was relegated to the realm of the “unspeakable.” No public memorial of partition existed until 2017. This paper seeks to examine how memorial spaces, and museums help in allowing for ritual mourning and enables healing in instances of corrosive cultural trauma.
Personality Traits and Predispositions for Criminal Behavior: A Theoretical Legal and Psychological Approach
Authors: Muminovic Haris , Ziberi Fatime
Published: June 2024

The aim of this paper is through theoretical review to examine and explore the relationship between personality traits and criminal behavior through a multidisciplinary approach by answering the questions which personality traits can give us more indications and is more predisposed to criminal behavior? Another important point of view is the non-acceptance, misuse of these personality traits in front of justice. What is right and what is not in such cases? What crimes and cases are exempt from justice and what tendencies do we have to be misused? These kind of questions requires the skills and knowledge of many experts from both psychological and legal field. Where is the red line that should not be crossed by both sides? We should not forget that personality traits are not mental states or disorders for which we believe and assume that have a different treatment and nature, both before the law and mental health experts.
Lima Tours
Authors: Armas Asín Fernando
Published: June 2024

El trabajo pretende describir y analizar, para la segunda mitad del siglo XX, el nacimiento, crecimiento y consolidación de un operador de viajes en el Perú: Lima Tours, que ha dominado y continúa dominando el mercado local. Estudia el nacimiento de la empresa, en una época donde operadores y agencias de viajes latinoamericanas se estaban formando; plantea las estrategias desarrolladas para su crecimiento; y examina los principales retos que soportó a lo largo del periodo de estudio, hasta su consolidación. La investigación puede contribuir a establecer algunas características desarrolladas por empresas peruanas y latinoamericanas de turismo, en el contexto del nacimiento de la actividad turística, de los cambios globales y tecnológicos del sector, así como de las limitaciones que mostraron.
Child Access Prevention Laws and Pediatric Firearm Injury: A Rapid Review
Authors: Bearden Jonathan M. , Reese Kelly F. , Boyd Amelia A. , Otto Kyle T. , Rege Rashmi D. , Osten Andrew W. , Brenner Jay M. , Perry Seth W.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: US child firearm fatality rates have risen since 2013. Child Access Prevention (CAP) laws aimed at reducing minors’ access to firearms have existed since the 1980s. However, specific requirements for safe storage of firearms, standards of negligence, and penalties for offenders vary significantly by state, yielding a heterogeneous body of CAP legislation. A few studies have investigated the relative impacts of these laws on child firearm injury rates, with sometimes conflicting results. Here, we present a rapid review of the existing literature on CAP laws and their apparent impact on firearm-related injuries among US children, to assess whether CAP laws are an effective tool for reducing child firearm injuries.
Methods: We conducted a rapid review of published reports that evaluated the impact of CAP laws on pediatric firearm injuries and/or deaths in the United States. We extracted target population data and outcomes of each study. The data are presented narratively.
Results: A total of 14 articles met criteria for evaluation. Taken together, these studies showed that implementation of CAP legislation was associated with reduced pediatric firearm injuries and fatalities. Moreover, longitudinal or time-series studies that examined changes in pediatric firearm injuries pre/post-CAP legislation yielded the most consistent and robust findings.
Conclusion: CAP laws were found to be associated with reduced pediatric firearm injuries and deaths, with the magnitude of effect being proportional to CAP law stringency.
Análisis comparativo de rentabilidad de los sistemas productivos de cacao orgánico y convencional en el municipio de Algeciras, Huila
Authors: Ceron Endo Alexandra , Caicedo Díaz Guillermo
Published: June 2024

Contextualización: El cacao en Colombia se destaca por ser fino y aroma y el Departamento del Huila es uno de los principales productores. Es así como el municipio de Algeciras, Huila, en la última década ha sobresalido por su producción de cacao con estándares de calidad diferenciados, esto debido al trabajo colectivo que se ha desarrollado por la Asociación de Productores de Cacao ASOPROCALG. Sin embargo, se ha identificado que las fincas productoras de esta zona carecen de información organizada que les permita validar la rentabilidad de sus sistemas productivos en el marco de la agricultura orgánica para algunos productores y otros casos agricultura convencional.
Vacío de conocimiento: Los productores de cacao orgánico y convencional no conocen la rentabilidad de sus sistemas productivos, debido a que en Colombia son pocos los estudios relacionados con el análisis financiero o de rentabilidad.
Propósito: El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la rentabilidad de los sistemas productivos de cacao bajo manejo orgánico y convencional.
Metodología: Estudio descriptivo explicativo en el que se entrevistaron 20 pequeños productores de cacao pertenecientes a la Asociación de productores de cacao del municipio de Algeciras, que fueron distribuidos en dos grupos de análisis: cacao con certificación orgánica y cacao convencional sin certificación. Se evaluaron indicadores de rentabilidad financiera, relación beneficio-costo y análisis de sensibilidad haciendo uso de la metodología de evaluación de proyectos agrícolas.
Resultados y conclusiones: Con los resultados de esta investigación, se encuentra una diferencia significativa, presentando mayor rentabilidad el sistema de producción orgánica, ya que la tasa interna de retorno TIR es de 35,49% y el VAN es de $38.224.655 y la relación beneficio costo B/C es superior a 1.66.
General decay of a nonlinear viscoelastic wave equation with the logarithmic nonlinearity, not necessarily decreasing kernel and acoustic boundary conditions
Authors: Guo Dandan , ZHANG ZHIFEI
Published: June 2024

In this work we investigate a viscoelastic wave equation involving a
logarithmic nonlinearity and acoustic boundary conditions. Making some
assumptions on the memory kernel function g, which is not
necessarily decreasing and using Lyapunov method, we establish a general
decay estimate of the solution.
Transistor Modeling Based on LM-BPNN and CG-BPNN for the GaAs pHEMT
Authors: lin qian , Yang Shuyue , Yang Ruilan , Wu Haifeng
Published: June 2024

In order to address the challenges of complex process and low
precision in traditional device modeling, based on the double hidden
layer conjugate gradient back propagation neural network (CG-BPNN) and
the double hidden layer Levenberg-Marquardt back propagation neural
network (LM-BPNN), two small signal models are proposed and analyzed for
the gallium arsenide (GaAs) pseudomorphic high electron mobility
transistor (pHEMT) here. At first, the scattering parameters
(S-parameters) of GaAs pHEMT are divided into training set and test set
randomly. Experimental results show that the CG-BPNN is better than
another S-parameters when predicting ImS with mean
square error (MSE) of 1.0449e-05, while LM-BPNN predicts
ImS with MSE of 3.0954e-06. Meanwhile, the MSE of
CG-BPNN is higher than LM-BPNN when predicting all the S-parameters. In
addition, it shows a smaller fluctuation range for the error curve of
LM-BPNN, which is more stable than the CG-BPNN. Therefore, the double
hidden layer LM-BPNN is the better choice to model the small signal of
GaAs pHEMT.
The one-pot synthesis of the unexpected semi-saturated fused multicyclic iminosugars via an aza hetero Diels-Alder reaction
Authors: Xie Song , Wu Jilai , Zhou Likai , Wei Chao , Li Xiaoliu , Chen Hua
Published: June 2024

A series of unexpected semi-saturated fused multicyclic iminosugars were
synthesized by one-pot stereoselective three-components reactions of
D-ribose tosylate, aniline and cycloketenes at heating condition. The
N-aryl enamine derived from iminium-ion is the key intermediate for the
reaction. As a result, several novel complex fused iminosugars 3a/4a
were obtained through aza hetero Diels-Alder mechanism at 80 oC. This
strategy will help to prepare the bioactive iminosugar analogues with
structural diversity.
Improving access and quality of primary healthcare through women and adolescents’ user committees: a mixed-methods case study in Kinshasa, DRC
Authors: Primeau Marie-Douce , Jobin-Gelinas Marie , Mayabanza Cécile Maleko , Mayaza Maguy , Blouin Geneviève
Published: June 2024

Background. Patient engagement is seen as a fundamental
strategy for achieving quality patient-centred care, especially in
community-based primary healthcare (OMS2023, Haesebaert et al. 2018).
Despite growing interest in patient engagement in Sub-Saharan Africa,
few patient engagement initiatives have been identified, and those often
are limited to lower-levels of engagement, in participation in health
research or in health system improvement (Gogovor et al. 2023). With the
aim of giving a voice to under-represented community groups in
healthcare governance, the ASSK project supported the implementation of
primary health services user committees in the Democratic Republic of
the Congo (DRC), designed to enable the representation of two user
groups with specific unmet sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs:
women and adolescents. Aims and Methods. Using a mixed-method
case study design combining quantitative secondary data (DHIS2) and
qualitative data from two research World Cafés (WC1:Women user
committees (WUC) n=55; WC2: Adolescents user committee (AUC)
n=63)(Schield et al. 2022), this paper looks at the implementation
facilitators and barriers, and at the results of this initiative.
Results. Women and adolescent members of the user committees
highlighted that their participation resulted in increased knowledge of
SRH and their related rights, as well as in their “soft skills” such
as communication and leadership. In addition, participants reported
greater transparency and accountability on the part of the community
primary health centers (e.g. by displaying fees for procedures to
counter over-billing). Ultimately, WUC and AUC were associated with
improved health practices in the community such as increased use of
sexual and reproductive health services, including adolescent family
planning and assisted childbirth (15-49 years old).
Conclusions. Patient user committees for specific marginalized
or under-represented groups appear to be an effective way of improving
the quality of primary health care services. Further research is needed
to better understand how to maximize its potential.
Uncertainty Mentalizing and Emotion Dysregulation with Substance Use Severity in Iranian Young Adults; Mediating Role of Borderline Personality Traits
Authors: Azad Mehdi , Taremian Farhad , Shakiba Shima
Published: June 2024

This cross-sectional study aimed was to investigate the mediating role
of borderline personality traits in the link between uncertainty
mentalizing, emotion dysregulation, and substance use severity among
Iranian young adults. The study included 185 substance users aged 18-25
years who completed questionnaires related to the research variables.
The results revealed significant direct correlations between all
research variables (p < 0.001). Substance use severity was
found to be directly influenced by both borderline personality traits (β
= 0.19, p < 0.05) and uncertainty mentalizing (β = 0.45, p
< 0.001). Furthermore, uncertainty mentalizing was shown to
have an indirect effect on substance use severity through borderline
personality traits (indirect effect = 0.093, p < 0.05).
Uncertainty mentalizing also significantly impacted borderline
personality traits (β = 0.49, p < 0.001). However, emotion
dysregulation did not demonstrate a significant direct or indirect
effect on substance use severity or borderline personality traits. These
findings highlight the importance of uncertainty mentalizing as a
contributing factor to substance use severity, both directly and through
its impact on borderline personality traits. The study suggests that
interventions targeting uncertainty mentalizing may be beneficial in
preventing and treating substance use and borderline personality traits.
Extrapulmonary manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children
Authors: Kolganova N. I. , Ovsyannikov D. Yu , Angel A. E. , Biryukova M. V. , Gitinov Sh. A. , Gorev V/ V. , Degtyareva E. A. , Deeva E. V. , Kessel A. E. , Zhdanova O. I. , Karpenko M. A. , Nosov S. A. , Pavlova E. S. , Sheiko S. N. , Sholtoyanu A. V.
Published: June 2024

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pn.), which is a well-known pathogen to cause atypical pneumonia, in 25% of cases can lead to a wide range of extra-pulmonary symptoms, reflecting damage to almost any organ or organ system (skin and mucous membranes, nervous, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urinary system etc.). Aspecific syndrome Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis (MIRM) has been identified recently. Among the CNS manifestations associated with M. pn., acute postinfectious cerebellar ataxia is worth mentioning. In this article we present clinical cases of a 14-year-old boy and a 6-year-old girl with extrapulmonary manifestations of M. pn. infection. This article considers etiological, pathogenetic and clinical features of mycoplasma infection in children with an emphasis on extra-respiratory manifestations.
Insights into New-onset Arthritis in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Garbayo-Salmons Patricia , Moreno Martínez-Losa Mireia , Exposito-Serrano Vicente , Ribera Miquel , Calvet Joan
Published: June 2024

Abstract is missing (Short communication)
Individual and contextual determinants associated with traumatic dental injuries in children eight to ten years of age: a multilevel analysis
Authors: Bernardino Veruska Medeiros Martins , De Lima Larissa Chaves Morais , Neves Érick Tássio Barbosa , De Paiva Saul Martins , Granville-Garcia Ana Flávia
Published: June 2024

Objective: Investigate individual and contextual determinants associated with traumatic dental injuries in schoolchildren.
Methods: A cross-sectional study with 739 pairs of parents and children. Parents answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale and a questionnaire on the child’s use of electronic devices. Examinations of the children were conducted at the school by calibrated examiners using the diagnostic criteria proposed by Andreasen. Contextual variables of the school were also collected. Multilevel Poisson regression for complex samples was performed (p < 0.05).
Results: The individual factors associated with the outcome were children of single parents (PR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.79–2.66), practice of sports (PR = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.70–3.22), the daily use of electronic devices (PR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.31–1.81), more than 2 h per day of screen time (PR = 3.84; 95% CI: 1.94–4.28) and chaotic family adaptability (PR = 4.22; 95% CI: 3.44–4.99). The contextual variables were studying at a public school (PR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.02–3.05) and the presence of rigid floor in the school courtyard (PR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.15–3.15).
Conclusion: Individual determinants, studying at a public school and the presence of rigid floor in the school courtyard were associated with traumatic dental.
Single-center experience of intraoperative ligation of the splenic artery for prevention of splenic artery steal syndrome in patients after living donor liver transplant
Authors: Semash K. O. , Dzhanbekov T. A. , Gaybullaev T. Z.
Published: June 2024

Background. Living donor liver transplant is an effective method of treatment in patients with different types of endstage liver diseases. Unfortunately, patients undergoing such a complex treatment sometimes develop various vascular complications. Splenic artery steal syndrome has emerged as a cause of graft ischemia in living donor liver transplant recipients and may lead to high liver enzyme levels, cholestasis, hepatic artery thrombosis, and even a graft loss in some severe cases.

Objective. Evaluation of the first results in the experience of our center with a routine intraoperative ligation of the splenic artery during the procedure of right lobe living donor liver transplantation in adult recipients for the prevention of the steal syndrome development in the postoperative period.

Material and methods. Living donor liver transplant recipients with known hepatic arterial flow impairment were retrospectively studied. Patients were allocated into groups with regard whether the splenic artery had been ligated or not during the transplant procedure. Arterial complications were reviewed in both groups.

Results. None of 30 patients with ligated splenic artery developed splenic artery steal syndrome after living donor liver transplant. splenic artery steal syndrome occurred in 60% patients with non-ligated splenic artery. Surgical technique of performing arterial anastomosis was not related to the splenic artery steal syndrome development (p<0.01 There was no local ischemic necrosis noted in the spleen in patients with the ligated splenic artery.

Conclusion. Based on the analysis of our own experience and literature data, the splenic artery ligation appears to be an effective and safe method for preventing a splenic artery steal syndrome in patients following right lobe liver transplantation, with a minimal risk of ischemic complications for the spleen. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to obtain more reliable results. Ultrasound examination and endovascular intervention are the primary tools for an early detection of abnormalities and rapid restoration of arterial blood flow in the hepatic artery of the graft.
Strengthening Character Education Modules for Teachers to Improve the Work Character of Vocational High School Students
Authors: Meutia Tiara Osa , Dwikurnaningsih Yari , Satyawati Sophia Tri
Published: June 2024

One of the objectives of national education is to prepare character education activities in the form of forming character and character for the next generation of the nation. At the vocational high school level, it does not only focus on building good character but also the character needed in the world of work. This study aims to develop a work character-based Strengthening Character Education program module that can improve the work character of vocational high school students. The type of research conducted is research and development (Research and Development) using the integration of the ADDIE model with Borg and Gall. Data collection techniques used are documentation studies, questionnaires, and interviews. Analysis of research and development data results using mixed methods with a concurrent mixed methods. Qualitative data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model while quantitative data analysis used quantitative descriptive techniques with percentages and mean. This research resulted in a work character-based strengthening character education module in Vocational High Schools. Based on field trials, it shows that the strengthening character education module is based on work character, with the trial results having a score of 85% in the valid category and can be used without revision. It is hoped that SMK teachers can utilize the module in implementing strengthening character education so that they can improve the quality of graduates, especially work character.