bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Allogeneic Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Potential Source for Cartilage and Bone Regeneration: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Marmotti A. , Mattia S. , Castoldi F. , Barbero A. , Mangiavini L. , Bonasia D. E. , Bruzzone M. , Dettoni F. , Scurati R. , Peretti G. M.
Published: November 2017

Umbilical cord (UC) may represent an attractive cell source for allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy. The aim of this in vitro study is to investigate the chondrogenic and osteogenic potential of UC-MSCs grown onto tridimensional scaffolds, to identify a possible clinical relevance for an allogeneic use in cartilage and bone reconstructive surgery. Chondrogenic differentiation on scaffolds was confirmed at 4 weeks by the expression of sox-9 and type II collagen; low oxygen tension improved the expression of these chondrogenic markers. A similar trend was observed in pellet culture in terms of matrix (proteoglycan) production. Osteogenic differentiation on bone-graft-substitute was also confirmed after 30 days of culture by the expression of osteocalcin and RunX-2. Cells grown in the hypertrophic medium showed at 5 weeks safranin o-positive stain and an increased CbFa1 expression, confirming the ability of these cells to undergo hypertrophy. These results suggest that the UC-MSCs isolated from minced umbilical cords may represent a valuable allogeneic cell population, which might have a potential for orthopaedic tissue engineering such as the on-demand cell delivery using chondrogenic, osteogenic, and endochondral scaffold. This study may have a clinical relevance as a future hypothetical option for allogeneic single-stage cartilage repair and bone regeneration.
EEG Recording and Online Signal Processing on Android: A Multiapp Framework for Brain-Computer Interfaces on Smartphone
Authors: Blum Sarah , Debener Stefan , Emkes Reiner , Volkening Nils , Fudickar Sebastian , Bleichner Martin G.
Published: November 2017

Objective. Our aim was the development and validation of a modular signal processing and classification application enabling online electroencephalography (EEG) signal processing on off-the-shelf mobile Android devices. The software application SCALA (Signal ProCessing and CLassification on Android) supports a standardized communication interface to exchange information with external software and hardware. Approach. In order to implement a closed-loop brain-computer interface (BCI) on the smartphone, we used a multiapp framework, which integrates applications for stimulus presentation, data acquisition, data processing, classification, and delivery of feedback to the user. Main Results. We have implemented the open source signal processing application SCALA. We present timing test results supporting sufficient temporal precision of audio events. We also validate SCALA with a well-established auditory selective attention paradigm and report above chance level classification results for all participants. Regarding the 24-channel EEG signal quality, evaluation results confirm typical sound onset auditory evoked potentials as well as cognitive event-related potentials that differentiate between correct and incorrect task performance feedback. Significance. We present a fully smartphone-operated, modular closed-loop BCI system that can be combined with different EEG amplifiers and can easily implement other paradigms.
Malignant Tumours Mimicking Complicated Appendicitis and Discovered upon Follow-Up after Percutaneous Drainage: A Case of Two Patients
Authors: Chandra Mohan Sharandran , Gummalla Krishna Mohan , H’ng Martin Weng Chin
Published: November 2017

The conservative management of periappendiceal abscesses is gaining favour due to decreased morbidity and improved clinical outcomes for patients. Occasionally however an abscess can mask underlying sinister pathology. In this article, we highlight two cases of appendiceal adenocarcinoma that were initially diagnosed as periappendiceal abscesses and managed conservatively with percutaneous drainage. We also discuss clinical and imaging features that may assist with identifying a hidden malignancy when presented in these situations.
New Stability Criterion for Takagi‐Sugeno Fuzzy Cohen‐Grossberg Neural Networks with Probabilistic Time‐Varying Delays
Authors: Wang Xiongrui , Rao Ruofeng , Zhong Shouming
Published: November 2017

A new global asymptotic stability criterion of Takagi‐Sugeno fuzzy Cohen‐Grossberg neural networks with probabilistic time‐varying delays was derived, in which the diffusion item can play its role. Owing to deleting the boundedness conditions on amplification functions, the main result is a novelty to some extent. Besides, there is another novelty in methods, for Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional is the positive definite form of p powers, which is different from those of existing literature. Moreover, a numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Interhemispheric Pathways Are Important for Motor Outcome in Individuals with Chronic and Severe Upper Limb Impairment Post Stroke
Authors: Hayward Kathryn S. , Neva Jason L. , Mang Cameron S. , Peters Sue , Wadden Katie P. , Ferris Jennifer K. , Boyd Lara A.
Published: November 2017

Background. Severity of arm impairment alone does not explain motor outcomes in people with severe impairment post stroke.Objective. Define the contribution of brain biomarkers to upper limb motor outcomes in people with severe arm impairment post stroke.Methods. Paretic arm impairment (Fugl-Meyer upper limb, FM-UL) and function (Wolf Motor Function Test rate, WMFT-rate) were measured in 15 individuals with severe (FM-UL ≤ 30/66) and 14 with mild–moderate (FM-UL > 40/66) impairment. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and diffusion weight imaging indexed structure and function of the corticospinal tract and corpus callosum. Separate models of the relationship between possible biomarkers and motor outcomes at a single chronic (≥6 months) time point post stroke were performed.Results. Age (ΔR20.365,p=0.017) and ipsilesional-transcallosal inhibition (ΔR20.182,p=0.048) explained a 54.7% (p=0.009) variance in paretic WMFT-rate. Prefrontal corpus callous fractional anisotropy (PF-CC FA) alone explained 49.3% (p=0.007) variance in FM-UL outcome. The same models did not explain significant variance in mild–moderate stroke. In the severe group, k-means cluster analysis of PF-CC FA distinguished two subgroups, separated by a clinically meaningful and significant difference in motor impairment (p=0.049) and function (p=0.006) outcomes.Conclusion. Corpus callosum function and structure were identified as possible biomarkers of motor outcome in people with chronic and severe arm impairment.
GA-Based Membrane Evolutionary Algorithm for Ensemble Clustering
Authors: Wang Yanhua , Liu Xiyu , Xiang Laisheng
Published: November 2017

Ensemble clustering can improve the generalization ability of a single clustering algorithm and generate a more robust clustering result by integrating multiple base clusterings, so it becomes the focus of current clustering research. Ensemble clustering aims at finding a consensus partition which agrees as much as possible with base clusterings. Genetic algorithm is a highly parallel, stochastic, and adaptive search algorithm developed from the natural selection and evolutionary mechanism of biology. In this paper, an improved genetic algorithm is designed by improving the coding of chromosome. A new membrane evolutionary algorithm is constructed by using genetic mechanisms as evolution rules and combines with the communication mechanism of cell-like P system. The proposed algorithm is used to optimize the base clusterings and find the optimal chromosome as the final ensemble clustering result. The global optimization ability of the genetic algorithm and the rapid convergence of the membrane system make membrane evolutionary algorithm perform better than several state-of-the-art techniques on six real-world UCI data sets.
Future of Container Shipping in Iranian Ports: Traffic and Connectivity Index Forecast
Authors: Panahi Roozbeh , Ghasemi Koohi Kheili Ali , Golpira Amir
Published: November 2017

Rapid development of maritime container transport within the last two decades encouraged port authorities to focus on a more precise traffic forecast in order to cope with software and hardware requirements just in time. It has been the case for Iranian Ports and Maritime Organization (PMO) to map marine traffic until 2025. This has been performed in this paper based on three distinct scenarios, namely, “simplified continuous growth,” “port best experience replication,” and “regional best practice” for four main container ports of the country based on seventeen years recorded trade data. Such results should be used as input to assess smoothness of port functions in future. Besides, Liner Shipping Connectivity Index (LSCI) has been discussed to draw Iran’s probable participation in the global container trade and shipping services within the next ten years.
A Decision Model for Emergency Warehouse Location Based on a Novel Stochastic MCDA Method: Evidence from China
Authors: He Junkang , Feng Chenpeng , Hu Dan , Liang Liang
Published: November 2017

China is one of the disaster‐prone countries in the world. Constructing a rapid and effective relief logistic system is important for disaster‐responding at country level. Strategic prepositioning of emergency items, especially the decision of appropriate emergency warehouses location, has significant impacts on rapid disaster response to ensure sufficient relief supplies. The emergency warehouse location decision is a complex problem, where a wide variety of criteria need to be considered and the preference information of decision makers (DMs) may be imprecise or even absent. In this paper, we identify key effectiveness‐oriented criteria used to evaluate the alternative emergency warehouse locations and make an attempt to propose a new multicriteria ranking method to solve the problem of inaccurate or uncertain weight information based on stochastic pairwise dominant relations and the pruning procedure of ELECTRE‐II method. The proposed method extends the conventional ELECTRE‐II method by incorporating inaccurate information and broadens its application to emergency warehouse location field. The feasibility and applicability of the proposed method are illustrated with a simulated example.
Work Change in Multiple Sclerosis as Motivated by the Pursuit of Illness-Work-Life Balance: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Vijayasingham Lavanya , Jogulu Uma , Allotey Pascale
Published: November 2017

Individuals with multiple sclerosis have a tendency to make early decisions for work change, even in reversible, episodic, or mild disease stages. To better understand how a multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis influences perceptions of work and motivations for work changes, we conducted a hermeneutic phenomenology study to explore the work lives of ten individuals with MS in Malaysia. The interpretive analysis and cumulative narratives depict an overarching change in their concept of ideal work and life aspirations and how participants make preemptive work changes to manage illness-work-life futures in subjectively meaningful ways. Discussions on their integrated pursuit of finding dynamic and subjective illness-work-life balance include reconciling the problem of hard work and stress on disease activity and progress, making positive lifestyle changes as health management behaviour, and the motivational influence of their own life and family roles: the consideration of their spouses, parents, and children. At an action level, work change was seen as moral and necessary for the management of illness futures. Our findings contribute insights on how individual perceptions and holistic life management decisions contribute to on-going and disrupted work trajectories, which can inform practice and policy on early interventions to support continued employment.
Effects of Two Current Great Saphenous Vein Thermal Ablation Methods on Visual Analog Scale and Quality of Life
Authors: Sanioglu Soner , Yerebakan Halit , Farsak Mustafa Bora
Published: November 2017

Background. The aim of the study is to compare the current two endovenous thermal ablation methods by examining the effects on the visual analog scale (VAS) and the short form-36® quality of life index. Methods. Ninety-six patients who underwent unilateral endovenous thermal ablation of great saphenous vein were included. ClosureFast™ catheters were used in the RFA group and 1470 nm radial fiber laser catheters were used in the EVLA group. Results. The RFA group consisted of 41 patients and the EVLA group consisted of 55 patients. The preoperative baseline characteristics of both groups were similar. On the day of operation, VAS values were 2.8±1.1 in the RFA group and 3.6±1.8 in the EVLA group (p=0.02). Comparisons of short form-36 parameters in both groups showed them to be similar except the pain detected at postoperative 1st week (48.1±5.4 for RFA, 44.9±7.6 for EVLA, p=0.04). Conclusion. Results in postprocedural quality of life were found to be similar in both of the techniques. However, in terms of postoperative pain, radiofrequency ablation is still superior to the 1470 nm radial fiber laser catheters.
Multiple Solutions for a Nonlinear Fractional Boundary Value Problem via Critical Point Theory
Authors: Wang Yang , Liu Yansheng , Cui Yujun
Published: November 2017

This paper is concerned with the existence of multiple solutions for the following nonlinear fractional boundary value problem: DT-αaxD0+αux=fx,ux,  x∈0,T, u0=uT=0, where α∈1/2,1, ax∈L∞0,T with a0=ess  infx∈0,Tax>0, DT-α and D0+α stand for the left and right Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives of order α, respectively, and f:0,T×R→R is continuous. The existence of infinitely many nontrivial high or small energy solutions is obtained by using variant fountain theorems.
Impact of Tumor Purity on Immune Gene Expression and Clustering Analyses across Multiple Cancer Types
Authors: Rhee Je-Keun , Jung Yu Chae , Kim Kyu Ryung , Yoo Jinseon , Kim Jeeyoon , Lee Yong-Jae , Ko Yoon Ho , Lee Han Hong , Cho Byoung Chul , Kim Tae-Min
Published: November 2017

Surgical archives of tumor specimens are often impure. The presence of RNA transcripts from nontumor cells, such as immune and stromal cells, can impede analyses of cancer expression profiles. To systematically analyze the impact of tumor purity, the gene expression profiles and tumor purities were obtained for 7,794 tumor specimens across 21 tumor types (available in The Cancer Genome Atlas consortium). First, we observed that genes with roles in immunity and oxidative phosphorylation were significantly inversely correlated and correlated with the tumor purity, respectively. The expression of genes implicated in immunotherapy and specific immune cell genes, along with the abundance of immune cell infiltrates, was substantially inversely correlated with tumor purity. This relationship may explain the correlation between immune gene expression and mutation burden, highlighting the need to account for tumor purity in the evaluation of expression markers obtained from bulk tumor transcriptome data. Second, examination of cluster membership of gene pairs, with or without controlling for tumor purity, revealed that tumor purity may have a substantial impact on gene clustering across tumor types. Third, feature genes for molecular taxonomy were analyzed for correlation with tumor purity, and for some tumor types, feature genes representing the mesenchymal and classical subtypes were inversely correlated and correlated with tumor purity, respectively. Our findings indicate that tumor purity is an important confounder in evaluating the correlation between gene expression and clinicopathologic features such as mutation burden, as well as gene clustering and molecular taxonomy. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(1); 87–97. ©2017 AACR.
Exploring the Association between Statin Use and the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Poly Tahmina Nasrin , Islam Md. Mohaimenul , Walther Bruno Andreas , Yang Hsuan-Chia  , Nguyen Phung-Anh , Huang Chih-Wei  , Shabbir Syed-Abdul , Li Yu-Chuan (Jack)
Published: November 2017

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive disorder of the central nervous system. The prevalence of PD varies considerably by age group; it has a higher prevalence in patients aged 60 years and more. Several studies have shown that statin, a cholesterol-lowering medication, reduces the risk of developing PD, but evidence for this is so far inconclusive. The objective of this study is to evaluate the association between statin use and the risk of developing PD. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and the bibliographies of articles were searched for studies published between January 1, 1990, and January 1, 2017, which reported on the association between statin use and PD. Articles were included if they (1) were published in English, (2) reported patients treated with statin, and the outcome of interest was PD, (3) provided OR/HR with 95% CI or sufficient information to calculate the 95% CI. All abstracts, full-text articles, and sources were reviewed, with duplicate data excluded. Summary relative risk (RRs) with 95% CI was pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also conducted. Results: We selected 16 out of 529 unique abstracts for full-text review using our selection criteria, and 13 out of these 16 studies, comprising 4,877,059 persons, met all of our inclusion criteria. The overall pooled RR of PD was 0.70 (95% CI 0.58–0.84) with significant heterogeneity between estimates (I2 = 93.41%, p = 0.000) for the random-effects model. In subgroup analysis, the greater decreased risk was found in studies from Asia (RR 0.62 95% CI 0.51–0.76), whereas a moderate reduction was observed in studies from North America (RR 0.69 95% CI 0.47–1.00), but less reduction was observed in studies from Europe (RR 0.86 95% CI 0.80–0.92). Also, long-term statin use, simvastatin, and atorvastatin showed a higher rate of reduction with significance heterogeneity. Conclusion: Our results showed that statin use is significantly associated with a lower risk of developing PD. Physicians should consider statin drug therapy, monitor its outcomes, and empower their patients to improve their knowledge, therapeutic outcomes, and quality of life. However, preventive measures and their associated mechanisms must be further assessed and explored.
Comparing the Clinical Features and Outcomes of Acute Hepatitis E Viral Infections with Those of Acute Hepatitis A, B, and C Infections in Korea
Authors: Oh Hye Won , Cha Ra Ri , Lee Sang Soo , Lee Chang Min , Kim Wan Soo , Jo Yun Won , Kim Jin Joo , Lee Jae Min , Kim Hong Jun , Ha Chang Yoon , Kim Hyun Jin , Kim Tae Hyo , Jung Woon Tae , Lee Ok Jae
Published: November 2017

Objectives: This study investigated the etiology of acute viral hepatitis and compared the clinical features of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections with those of other acute viral hepatitis infections in Korea. Methods: This study included 2,357 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with acute hepatitis, based on acute illness with jaundice or elevated alanine aminotransferase levels (>100 IU/L), between January 2007 and January 2016. Acute viral infections were observed in 23 (19.8%) patients with HEV, 49 (42.2%) patients with hepatitis A virus, 28 (24.1%) patients with hepatitis B virus, and 16 (13.8%) patients with hepatitis C virus. Results: The incidence of acute HEV infection was higher among older patients (median age: 49 years) and male patients (69.6%), and was associated with the consumption of undercooked or uncooked meat (43.5%). Half of the acute HEV infections involved underlying liver disease, such as alcoholic liver disease, chronic hepatitis B, common bile duct stones, and autoimmune hepatitis. Two HEV-infected patients were diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome, although no patients developed fulminant hepatitis. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that HEV infection in Korea is frequently transmitted through the consumption of raw meat and may cause acute or chronic liver disease.
Depressed Immune Responses and Accelerated Splenic Apoptosis due to Experience of Food Deprivation and Inequality but not Unstable Social Status in Balb/c Mice
Authors: Aghajani Marjan , Vaez Mahdavi Mohammad Reza , Najafabadi Mohsen Khalili , Ghazanfari Tooba , Moradi Fatemeh , Golchoobian Ravieh , Askari Hasan , Sanadgol Nima , Moghaddam Ehsan Kazemi
Published: November 2017

Objective(s): We aimed to show that the immune system is sensitive to the detrimental effects of inequality and social injustice, and splenic vulnerability to apoptosis may also increase. Methods: In order of better determination of immune responses to chronic social stress, we implemented food deprivation, food intake inequality, and unstable social status (a change of cage-mate every 3 days) for a period of 14 days in 60 male Balb/c mice. At the end of this stress period, nitric oxide (NO) production by peritoneal adherent cells and the serum concentration of corticosterone were measured. Moreover, the viability of peritoneal adherent cells and spleen lymphocytes was evaluated by MTT assay. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay was done to reveal the TUNEL-reactive apoptotic bodies in the spleen. Results: Our results showed that food deprivation and inequality caused significant changes in the apoptosis of splenic cells in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the vital activities of lymphocytes and peritoneal adherent cells, as well as NO production by the latter, increased significantly (p < 0.05). However, the experience of unstable social status did not cause a further increase in the viability of lymphocytes and peritoneal adherent cells, or NO production in animals that were food-deprived or experienced inequality. Serum concentration of corticosterone in all experimental groups, except for animals that experienced unstable social status only, significantly decreased versus the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that poverty and social inequality, but not unstable social status, affect immune responses and are likely involved in the induction of splenic apoptosis in mice.
Methodological Issues for Psychological Evaluation across the Lifespan of Individuals with a Difference/Disorder of Sex Development
Authors: D'Alberton Franco , Vissani Sofia , Ferracuti Chiara , Pasterski Vickie
Published: November 2017

The aim of the current report is to provide guidance relevant to psychological evaluation for healthcare providers and researchers working in the field of disorders of sexual development (DSD). In doing so, we give careful consideration to methodological issues and limitations that may influence the utility of investigations. For example, rarity and heterogeneity of DSD conditions restrict sample sizes when conducting evaluations aimed at establishing condition-specific psychological outcomes. At the same time, the potential for stigmatization by virtue of conducting psychological evaluations is particularly high given the fundamental contribution of sex and gender to one's sense of self and integrity. This article will provide basic theory for psychological evaluation as well as give a review of specific measures that can be employed for clinical purposes depending on a variety of parameters, including life stage of the patient and goal(s) of the evaluation. Care providers and service users may benefit from guidance in coping with the difficulties inherent in having and/or treating DSD. The potential for identification with the patient with DSD is higher than in other domains of medicine because sexual and gender identities are fundamental to all humans and are continually evolving from a sociological perspective.
Wirksamkeit von Cannabidiol: Klinische Studien mit Cannabidiol und Cannabidiol-haltigen Extrakten
Authors: Büechi Samuel
Published: November 2017

Hintergrund: Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) und Cannabidiol (CBD) sind die prominentesten Wirkstoffe aus der weiblichen Hanfpflanze (Cannabis sativa L.). Während sich die Kombination von THC- und CBD-reichen Extrakten dank ihrer analgetischen und antispastischen Wirkungen bei Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose etabliert hat, steht das Anwendungsprofil von CBD noch am Beginn seiner Erforschung. Methoden: Mittels PubMed-Recherchen und Studium der damit gefundenen Literatur wurden Publikationen von klinischen Studien gesucht, bei welchen Aspekte der Wirksamkeit von CBD oder CBD-reichen Extrakten als Monopräparate untersucht wurden. Es konnten 25 Studien identifiziert werden, welche die beschriebenen Kriterien erfüllen. Resultate undSchlussfolgerung: Die meisten ausgewählten Studien sind kontrollierte Pilotstudien mit 20 oder weniger Patienten pro Gruppe oder offene Studien. Evidenz für die Wirksamkeit von CBD gibt es bei Kindern mit therapieresistenter Epilepsie. Die Anzahl der Anfälle konnte bei Kindern mit Dravet-Syndrom in einer Dosierung von 20 mg CBD/kg (zusätzlich zur Standardtherapie) signifikant reduziert werden. Evident ist auch die Wirksamkeit von Dosierungen zwischen 300 und 600 mg bei sozialen Angststörungen. Bezüglich der antipsychotischen Wirkung, der analgetischen Wirkung sowie der Wirkung auf den Schlaf sind die Resultate widersprüchlich.
Antioxidants Maintain Cellular Redox Homeostasis by Elimination of Reactive Oxygen Species
Authors: He Long , He Ting , Farrar Shabnam , Ji Linbao , Liu Tianyi , Ma Xi
Published: November 2017

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by living cells as normal cellular metabolic byproduct. Under excessive stress conditions, cells will produce numerous ROS, and the living organisms eventually evolve series of response mechanisms to adapt to the ROS exposure as well as utilize it as the signaling molecules. ROS molecules would trigger oxidative stress in a feedback mechanism involving many biological processes, such as apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. Growing evidences have suggested that ROS play a critical role as the signaling molecules throughout the entire cell death pathway. Overwhelming production of ROS can destroy organelles structure and bio-molecules, which lead to inflammatory response that is a known underpinning mechanism for the development of diabetes and cancer. Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) are regarded as the markers of oxidative stress, can transform toxic metabolites into ROS, such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical which might cause injury of cells. Accordingly, cells have evolved a balanced system to neutralize the extra ROS, namely antioxidant systems that consist of enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidases (GPxs), thioredoxin (Trx) as well as the non-enzymatic antioxidants which collectively reduce oxidative state. Herein, we review the recent novel findings of cellular processes induced by ROS, and summarize the roles of cellular endogenous antioxidant systems as well as natural anti-oxidative compounds in several human diseases caused by ROS in order to illustrate the vital role of antioxidants in prevention against oxidative stress.
Breve compêndio conceitual e metodológico da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e da Psicossociologia
Authors: Soldera Lucas Martins
Published: November 2017

O objetivo do presente artigo foi expor de forma sucinta algumas distinções conceituais e metodológicas da Psicossociologia e da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, a fim de auxiliar na visualização de suas diversidades, na elucidação e na elaboração de uma possível intervenção. Para isso, utilizamo-nos de uma pesquisa teórica que contemplou um resgate do desenvolvimento teórico-conceitual de cada uma dessas abordagens. Foi construído um quadro metodológico para a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e para a Psicossociologia embasado em obras referências de cada área. Acreditamos que este artigo, ao colocar ambas as teorias frente a frente com suas particularidades, deva contribuir no sentido de oferecer meios para que os próprios leitores possam escolher por suas preferências e afinidades, sem deixar de considerar a importância do diálogo teórico heterogêneo para as abordagens que compõem as Clínicas do Trabalho. Devemos ressaltar, ainda, a inviabilidade de se trabalhar com duas ou mais metodologias em uma mesma intervenção. Concomitantemente, ao se conhecer mais sobre as possibilidades de atuação do profissional psicólogo, poder-se-á contribuir também para o desenvolvimento da Psicologia do Trabalho.
Bullying e assédio moral no trabalho: expressões do narcisismo contemporâneo
Authors: Marangoni Vinícius Xavier Cintra , Braz Matheus Viana , Hashimoto Francisco
Published: November 2017

O presente artigo apresenta uma análise da literatura a respeito do bullying e do assédio moral no trabalho, a qual fornece dados para um exercício de reflexão e compreensão de ambos os fenômenos por meio de postulações provenientes da psicanálise e da psicossociologia, com ênfase à noção de narcisismo. O viés metodológico adotado refere o estabelecimento de um paralelo entre as ações que caracterizam o bullying e o assédio moral no trabalho com as particularidades da constituição narcísica e seus desdobramentos manifestos. Também é realizada uma articulação entre o narcisismo e o modelo de vida e trabalho dominante nas sociedades capitalistas globalizadas, a princípio mediante uma contraposição entre a modernidade e a contemporaneidade, em que se pretende demonstrar a influência indireta que o modelo econômico-produtivo dominante exerce nos processos de constituição psíquica e, posteriormente, mediante uma articulação entre o narcisismo e as sociedades de consumo.
A inserção e a distribuição dos Terapeutas Ocupacionais no Sistema Único de Saúde do Estado de Minas Gerais entre os anos de 2005 e 2015
Authors: Bechara Maxta Bruno Souza , Tomasi Alessandro Rodrigo Pedroso , Camargos Melina Alves de
Published: November 2017

Introdução: Estudos sobre os terapeutas ocupacionais no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) não abordam a inserção e a distribuição do profissional como importantes conhecimentos para a educação e planejamento assistencial. Objetivo: Identificar a inserção e a distribuição dos terapeutas ocupacionais atuantes no SUS do estado de Minas Gerais entre os anos de 2005 e 2015. Procedimentos Metodológicos: Pesquisa documental de caráter descritivo com documentos do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde. Ferramentas da estatística descritiva foram utilizadas para a análise dos dados das variáveis, a saber: profissionais atuantes, macrorregiões de saúde, população e ano. Resultados: O número de terapeutas ocupacionais atuantes no SUS apresentou variação de crescimento e descentralização municipal em todas as macrorregiões de saúde. Conclusões: A inserção e da distribuição profissional nos equipamentos de saúde são informações necessárias para identificação da presença e planejamento da participação e formação do profissional no SUS.
Cotidiano e práticas educativas parentais: a percepção das famílias de crianças em sofrimento psíquico
Authors: Cid Maria Fernanda Barboza , Santos Gabriella Da Cruz , Squassoni Carolina Elisabeth
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: identificar as percepções de responsáveis por crianças em sofrimento psíquico sobre as atividades que desenvolvem com elas, as práticas educativas que utilizam em seu cotidiano e sobre como compreendem a influência destas no comportamento das crianças. Participaram 10 responsáveis por crianças de 6 a 10 anos, vinculadas a um Programa de Terapia Ocupacional em Saúde Mental Infantojuvenil. Foi utilizado roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado, cujos resultados foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Observou-se que grande parte dos participantes possui um cotidiano de atividades compartilhadas com suas crianças, rotina de atividades programadas e com horários, responsabilidades e regras na família; adotam comportamentos afetivos com frequência e diversificam suas práticas educativas de acordo com o contexto em que ela é demandada. Verificou-se não haver um perfil de estratégias e de cuidado parental comum a todos os participantes, pois o padrão da relação de cada família norteia as ações dos pais com as crianças, a depender da dinâmica de cada contexto. Tais resultados indicam pontos importantes a serem considerados em ações para as crianças em sofrimento psíquico e suas famílias.
Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation and Concordance With the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/Heart Rhythm Society Guidelines
Authors: Barnett Adam S. , Kim Sunghee , Fonarow Gregg C. , Thomas Laine E. , Reiffel James A. , Allen Larry A. , Freeman James V. , Naccarelli Gerald , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , Go Alan S. , Kowey Peter R. , Ansell Jack E. , Gersh Bernard J. , Hylek Elaine M. , Peterson Eric D. , Piccini Jonathan P.
Published: November 2017

Background:

It is unclear how frequently patients with atrial fibrillation receive guideline-concordant (GC) care and whether guideline concordance is associated with improved outcomes.

Methods and Results:

Using data from ORBIT-AF (Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation), we determined how frequently patients received care that was concordant with 11 recommendations from the 2014 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/Heart Rhythm Society atrial fibrillation guidelines pertaining to antithrombotic therapy, rate control, and antiarrhythmic medications. We also analyzed the association between GC care and clinical outcomes at both the patient level and center level. A total of 9570 patients were included. The median age was 75 years (interquartile range, 67–82), and the median CHA
2
DS
2
-VASc score was 4 (interquartile range, 3–5). A total of 5977 patients (62.5%) received care that was concordant with all guideline recommendations for which they were eligible. Rates of GC care were higher in patients treated by providers with greater specialization in arrhythmias (60.0%, 62.4%, and 67.0% for primary care physicians, cardiologists, and electrophysiologists, respectively;
P
<0.001). During a median of 30 months of follow-up, patients treated with GC care had a higher risk of bleeding hospitalization (hazard ratio=1.21;
P
=0.021) but a similar risk of death, stroke, major bleeding, and all-cause hospitalization.

Conclusions:

Over a third of patients with atrial fibrillation in this large outpatient registry received care that differed in some respect from guideline recommendations. There was no apparent association between GC care and improved risk-adjusted outcomes.
Cerebral Oxygenation Measurements by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Fetuses With and Without Heart Defects
Authors: Lauridsen Mette H. , Uldbjerg Niels , Henriksen Tine B. , Petersen Olav B. , Stausbøl-Grøn Brian , Matthiesen Niels B. , Peters David A. , Ringgaard Steffen , Hjortdal Vibeke E.
Published: November 2017

Background—

Children with major congenital heart defects are risking impaired cerebral growth, delayed cerebral maturation, and neurodevelopmental disorders. We aimed to compare the cerebral tissue oxygenation of fetuses with major heart defects to that of fetuses without heart defects as estimated by the magnetic resonance imaging modality T2*. T2* is low in areas with high concentrations of deoxyhemoglobin.

Methods and Results—

At gestational age mean 32 weeks (early) and mean 37 weeks (late), we compared the fetal cerebral T2* in 28 fetuses without heart defects to that of 15 fetuses with major heart defects: transposition of the great arteries (n=7), coarctation of the aorta/hypoplastic aortic arch (n=5), tetralogy of Fallot (n=1), hypoplastic right heart (n=1), and common arterial trunk (n=1). The women were scanned with a 1.5 T Philips scanner using a breath-hold multiecho gradient echo sequence. Among fetuses without heart defects, the mean T2* value was 157 ms (95% confidence interval [CI], 152–163) early and 125 ms (95% CI, 120–130) late. These figures were significantly lower (mean 14 ms; 95% CI, 6–22;
P
<0.001) among fetuses with heart defects 143 ms (95% CI, 136–150) early and 111 ms (95% CI, 104–118) late.

Conclusions—

Our findings indicate that fetal cerebral T2* is measurable and that fetal cerebral tissue oxygenation measured by T2* is lower in fetuses with heart defects compared with fetuses without heart defects. This corroborates the hypothesis that tissue hypoxia may be a potential pathogenic factor that possibly affects brain development in fetuses with heart defects.
PCSK9 Variants, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, and Neurocognitive Impairment
Authors: Mefford Matthew T. , Rosenson Robert S. , Cushman Mary , Farkouh Michael E. , McClure Leslie A. , Wadley Virginia G. , Irvin Marguerite R. , Bittner Vera , Safford Monika M. , Somaratne Ransi , Monda Keri L. , Muntner Paul , Levitan Emily B.
Published: November 2017

Background:

Despite concerns about adverse neurocognitive events raised by prior trials, pharmacological PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9) inhibition was not associated with neurocognitive effects in a recent phase 3 randomized trial. PCSK9 loss-of-function (LOF) variants that result in lifelong exposure to lower levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol can provide information on the potential long-term effects of lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol on neurocognitive impairment and decline.

Methods:

We investigated the association between PCSK9 LOF variants and neurocognitive impairment and decline among black REGARDS study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) participants with (n=241) and without (n=10 454) C697X or Y142X LOF variants. Neurocognitive tests included the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) battery (Word List Learning, World List Delayed Recall, Semantic Animal Fluency) and Six-Item Screener (SIS) assessments, administered longitudinally during follow-up. Neurocognitive impairment was defined as a score ≥1.5 SD below age, sex, and education-based stratum-specific means on 2 or 3 CERAD assessments or, separately, a score <5 on any SIS assessment at baseline or during follow-up. Neurocognitive decline was assessed using standardized continuous scores on individual neurocognitive tests.

Results:

The mean sample age was 64 years (SD, 9), 62% were women, and the prevalence of neurocognitive impairment at any assessment was 6.3% by CERAD and 15.4% by SIS definitions. Adjusted odds ratios for neurocognitive impairment for participants with versus without PCSK9 LOF variants were 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58–2.13) using the CERAD battery and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.61–1.30) using the SIS assessment. Standardized average differences in individual neurocognitive assessment scores over the 5.6-year (range, 0.1–9.1) study period ranged between 0.07 (95% CI, −0.06 to 0.20) and −0.07 (95% CI, −0.18 to 0.05) among participants with versus without PCSK9 LOF variants. Patterns of neurocognitive decline were similar between participants with and without PCSK9 LOF variants (all
P
>0.10). Odds ratios for neurocognitive impairment per 20 mg/dL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decrements were 1.02 (95% CI, 0.96–1.08) and 0.99 (95% CI, 0.95–1.02) for the CERAD and SIS definitions of impairment, respectively.

Conclusions:

These results suggest that lifelong exposure to low PCSK9 levels and cumulative exposure to lower levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol are not associated with neurocognitive effects in blacks.
Optogenetic Inhibition of Striatal GABAergic Neuronal Activity Improves Outcomes After Ischemic Brain Injury
Authors: Jiang Lu , Li Wanlu , Mamtilahun Muyassar , Song Yaying , Ma Yuanyuan , Qu Meijie , Lu Yifan , He Xiaosong , Zheng Jieyu , Fu Zongjie , Zhang Zhijun , Yang Guo-Yuan , Wang Yongting
Published: November 2017

Background and Purpose—

Striatal GABAergic neuron is known as a key regulator in adult neurogenesis. However, the specific role of striatal GABAergic neuronal activity in the promotion of neurological recovery after ischemic stroke remains unknown. Here, we used optogenetic approach to investigate these effects and mechanism.

Methods—

Laser stimulation was delivered via an implanted optical fiber to inhibit or activate the striatal GABAergic neurons in
Gad2-Arch-GFP
or
Gad2-ChR2-tdTomato
mice (n=80) 1 week after 60-minute transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neurological severity score, brain atrophy volume, microvessel density, and cell morphological changes were examined using immunohistochemistry. Gene expression and protein levels of related growth factors were further examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.

Results—

Inhibiting striatal GABAergic neuronal activity improved functional recovery, reduced brain atrophy volume, and prohibited cell death compared with the control (
P
<0.05). Microvessel density and bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor) expression in the inhibition group were also increased (
P
<0.05). In contrast, activation of striatal GABAergic neurons resulted in adverse effects compared with the control (
P
<0.05). Using cocultures of GABAergic neurons, astrocytes, and endothelial cells, we further demonstrated that the photoinhibition of GABAergic neuronal activity could upregulate bFGF expression in endothelial cells, depending on the presence of astrocytes. The conditioned medium from the aforementioned photoinhibited 3-cell coculture system protected cells from oxygen glucose deprivation injury.

Conclusions—

After ischemic stroke, optogenetic inhibition of GABAergic neurons upregulated bFGF expression by endothelial cells and promoted neurobehavioral recovery, possibly orchestrated by astrocytes. Optogenetically inhibiting neuronal activity provides a novel approach to promote neurological recovery.
A new bee species of the genus Dasypoda Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) from Portugal with comparative remarks on the subgenus Heterodasypoda Michez
Authors: RADCHENKO VLADIMIR G.
Published: November 2017

A new bee species of the genus Dasypoda Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Melittidae), D. michezi Radchenko sp. nov., is described from south-western Portugal. This species belongs to the subgenus Heterodasypoda and appears very similar to D. albimana Pérez 1905, which occurs in the west Mediterranean Basin. A detailed comparative diagnosis of D. michezi with the other 3 species of the subgenus Heterodasypoda, is provided. The new species is most easily distinguishable by the widened protrusion at the apex of the 6th sternum, which is deeply emarginated apically in the form of a wide triangle. In addition, the new species differs from other described species of the subgenus by the structure of the 7th and 8th sterna, male genitalia, and relative dimensions of antennal flagellomeres.
Characteristics of Explosive Cyclones over the Northern Pacific
Authors: Zhang Shuqin , Fu Gang , Lu Chungu , Liu Jingwu
Published: November 2017

Explosive cyclones (ECs) over the northern Pacific Ocean during the cold season (October–April) over a 15-yr (2000–15) period are analyzed by using the Final (FNL) Analysis data provided by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. These ECs are stratified into four categories according to their intensity: weak, moderate, strong, and super ECs. In addition, according to the spatial distribution of their maximum-deepening-rate positions, ECs are further classified into five regions: the Japan–Okhotsk Sea (JOS), the northwestern Pacific (NWP), the west-central Pacific (WCP), the east-central Pacific (ECP), and the northeastern Pacific (NEP). The occurrence frequency of ECs shows evident seasonal variations for the various regions over the northern Pacific. NWP ECs frequently occur in winter and early spring, WCP and ECP ECs frequently occur in winter, and JOS and NEP ECs mainly occur in autumn and early spring. The occurrence frequency, averaged maximum deepening rate, and developing and explosive-developing lifetimes of ECs decrease eastward over the northern Pacific, excluding JOS ECs, consistent with the climatological intensity distributions of the upper-level jet stream, midlevel positive vorticity, and low-level baroclinicity. On the seasonal scale, the occurrence frequency and spatial distribution of ECs are highly correlated with the intensity and position of the upper-level jet stream, respectively, and also with those of midlevel positive vorticity and low-level baroclinicity. Over the northwestern Pacific, the warm ocean surface also contributes to the rapid development of ECs. The composite analysis indicates that the large-scale atmospheric environment for NWP and NEP ECs shows significant differences from that for the 15-yr cold-season average. The southwesterly anomalies of the upper-level jet stream and positive anomalies of midlevel vorticity favor the prevalence of NWP and NEP ECs.
Coherent Power Measurements with a Compact Airborne Ka-Band Precipitation Radar
Authors: Pazmany Andrew L. , Haimov Samuel J.
Published: November 2017

Coherent power is an alternative to the conventional noise-subtracted power technique for measuring weather radar signal power. The inherent noise-canceling feature of coherent power eliminates the need for estimating and subtracting the noise component, which is required when performing conventional signal power estimation at low signal-to-noise ratio. The coherent power technique is particularly useful when averaging a high number of samples to improve sensitivity to weak signals. In such cases, the signal power is small compared to the noise power and the required accuracy of the estimated noise power may be difficult to achieve. This paper compares conventional signal power estimation with the coherent power measurement technique by investigating bias, standard deviation, and probability of false alarm and detection rates as a function of signal-to-noise ratio and threshold level. This comparison is performed using analytical expressions, numerical simulations, and analysis of cloud and precipitation data collected with the airborne solid-state Ka-band precipitation radar (KPR) operated by the University of Wyoming.
Comparison of Turbulence Intensity from CTD-Attached and Free-Fall Microstructure Profilers
Authors: Goto Yasutaka , Yasuda Ichiro , Nagasawa Maki
Published: November 2017

Turbulence intensity estimated from fast-response thermistors is compared between conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD)-attached and free-fall microstructure profilers, conducted at the same location within 2 h. The agreement is generally good but anomalously overestimated values, deviating from a lognormal distribution, appear sporadically in the CTD-attached method. These overestimated outliers are evident as spiky patches in the raw temperature gradient profiles. They often occur when the fall rate of the CTD frame W (m s−1) is small and its standard deviation Wsd is large. These overestimated outliers can be efficiently removed by rejecting data with the criteria of Wsd > 0.2 W − 0.06, where W and Wsd are computed for a 1-s interval. After the data screening, thermal and energy dissipation, χ and ε, from CTD-attached and free-fall profilers are consistent within a factor of 3 in the ranges of 10−10 < χ < 10−7°C2 s−1 and 10−10 < ε < 10−8 W kg−1, respectively, for 50-m depth-averaged data. Energy dissipation from the CTD-attached method tended to be underestimated in the higher turbulence range of ε > 10−8. This could be due to insufficient correction of the thermistor response for the faster fall rate (~1 m s−1) of CTD frames. Since ε < 10−8 in most parts of the intermediate and deep ocean, use of the CTD-attached fast-response thermistors provides an efficient way to expand the presently sparse turbulence observations.