bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevention of Major Amputation secondary to Diabetes-related Foot Disease
Authors:   , Hayes Jennifer
Published: June 2022

Incidence of amputation secondary to diabetic foot disease is unacceptably high, especially as up to 80% of these amputations are deemed preventable through optimal management and education. Tackling complications and reducing amputation rates requires a holistic approach identifying issues at a person, system and population level. Investing in preventive strategies is cost effective and avoids the burden of extremely costly reactive interventions. The overarching aim of this thesis was to understand the previously undocumented burden of diabetes-related amputation and the associated risk factors for amputation within Wales. The thesis investigated amputation rates and mortality in the Welsh population with and without diabetes over the last decade for both major and minor amputations using a repository of medical data of all Welsh residents. The thesis also examined risk factors for amputation at a person, health board and population level using different methodologies to quantify specific risks. This included root cause analysis to assess care provision and questionnaires to understand patient’s knowledge and behaviours. The thesis identified variance from gold standards of care for diabetic foot disease and most amputations in the root cause analysis were determined potentially preventable. However, it identified simple behavioural and educational measures and areas for implementation of risk reduction strategies within our health board. Despite the population with diabetes representing only 7% of the total Welsh population, they accounted for over 50% of the incident amputations performed. Only a minor reduction in rate of amputation was seen over time and there was marked variance in rates between health boards. Mortality following major amputation was high with a mortality rate of 61.9% at 5 years in the total population and 67% in the population with diabetes. By highlighting variance and current trends in care the thesis provides the grounds for the implementation of interventions to reduce amputation rates.
Interseção entre a filosofia política de Thomas Hobbes e a física de Isaac Newton refletida na teoria do Estado
Authors: Camacho Luciana da Silva Paggiatto , Santiago Guerra Filho Willis
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: o presente artigo científico tem como finalidade abordar os pontos de interseção existentes entre os pensamentos de Thomas Hobbes contidos na sua obra intitulada Leviatã e as teorias da dinâmica física de Isaac Newton, que estudam o fenômeno do movimento, inseridos no contexto da Teoria Geral do Estado. Metodologia: a metodologia de pesquisa é jurídico-teórica, por meio do raciocínio empírico-dedutivo e da observação da realidade social, em uma abordagem bibliográfica e documental, por meio de revisão de obras, artigos científicos, o ordenamento jurídico e a jurisprudência. Resultados: os resultados obtidos referem-se à existência de pontos em comum entre as teorias relacionados à Teoria Geral do Estado. Contribuições: a contribuição científica almejada é, precipuamente, fomentar o debate, bem como demonstrar a interdisciplinaridade entre os ramos científicos, mediante um novo olhar sobre a Teoria Geral do Estado.
Laryngeal Papillomatosis: A Case Report
Authors: Mebrouk Nadia. , Benchidmi Sara , Hafidi Naima El , Benbrahim Fadoua , Jaabouti Ghizlane , Lamalmi Najat. , Ayoubi Ali , Benchekroun Soumia , Mahraoui Chafiq
Published: June 2022

Laryngeal papillomatosis (LP) is a relatively rare benign tumoral proliferation of the larynx, usually seen in children. It is due to infection with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), and the first symptom is chronic dysphonia. There is currently no consensus on the treatment regimen for LP. Several treatments are used, but their efficacy is difficult to determine due to small patient cohorts. In a developing country, the treatment is based on peeling by laryngeal microsurgery. Its capricious evolution requires regular monitoring of patients. The possible prevention through the use of prophylactic vaccines is the most significant recent development. We report the case of a child who was dysphonic and had laryngeal dyspnea, in whom the peeling of a papilloma with forceps under direct laryngoscopy was performed, the histological study affirmed the diagnosis and made it possible to eliminate a neoplasm.
MAKNA BUBUR SURA DALAM TRADISI BUKA LUWUR MAKAM SUNAN KUDUS PRESPEKTIF BUDAYA
Authors: Rosyid Moh
Published: June 2022

This article describes the tradition of buka luwur which is a cloth that protects the tomb of Sunan Kudus which is commemorated by replacing the new flexural tradition in the Buka Luwur tradition every year. The tradition is carried out by the Foundation Board of the Mosque, the Tomb, and Menara Sunan Kudus in Central Java with the people of Kauman Village, Kota District, Kudus every month Muharam/Sura. The purpose of writing this article is to explore the symbolic meaning of Bubur Sura, which is located in the complex of the Tomb of Sunan Kudus, behind the Masjid al-Aqsa Menara Kudus. This research data were obtained by interview, participatory observation, and literature review. Data collection was analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. The tradition of open flexible has a characteristic that is the distribution of Asura porridge, nasi jangkrik, Islamic art attractions that are displayed to the public, and the replacement of old luwur with the new one. The meaning Bubur Sura to reference UU Nomor 5 Tahun 2017 tentang cultural progresiive, bubur sura tradition have mean tolerance, diversity, locality, between regions, partisipative, the benefits, sustainability, expretion freedom, coherent, equality, and mutual cooperation. Preserved tradition expressed to pray and care for ancestors, Sunan Kudus.
Memperkenalkan Pariwisata Budaya dan Heritage Kepada Generasi Muda Melalui Virtual Tour ke Pulau Penyengat
Authors: Irwan Irwan , Khadijah Ute Lies , Tahir Rusdin
Published: June 2022

Kondisi pandemic yang melanda Indonesia yang memaksa masyarakat untuk tetap berada dirumah demi mencegah penyebaran virus corona dimanfaatkan oleh sekelompok masyarakat untuk berkegiatan untuk mengatasi rasa bosan. Wisata virtual ke Pulau Penyengat yang merupakan destinasi pariwisata budaya dan heritage yang diadakan oleh Outing.id diikuti oleh 32 orang wisatawan virtual yang 22 orangnya merupakan peserta yang berusia 21 – 40 tahun yang lazim dikenal dengan generasi millennial. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengambilan data menggunakan metode survei dengan pedekatan purposive sampling, peneliti bertujuan ingin mengetahui karakteristik dan motivasi para millennial dalam mengikuti virtual tour wisata budaya dan heritage ke Pulau Penyengat di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Hasilnya para peserta millennial yang mengikuti kegiatan ini didorong karena rasa ingin tahu terhadap destinasi pariwisata yang disajikan secara daring dalam bentuk virtual tour melalui aplikasi video conference.
Hydroxyethylammonium methylphenoxyacetate, immunomodulator and adaptogen: clinical use review
Authors: Rybachkova JV
Published: June 2022

Oxyethylammonium methylphenoxyacetate is an adaptogenic immunomodulator with a complex mechanism of action. It can be successfully used for treatment, prevention and restoration in case of flu and cold, and to improve working capacity in asthenia, including conditions developed following COVID‑19. Clinical investigation of the effect produced by oxyethylammonium methylphenoxyacetate demonstrates its effectiveness under extreme climate and geographic conditions, during physical and mental overload, exercise, viral infections, severe infectious pathology, and all diseases associated with a weakened immune system. Based on conducted clinical trials of oxyethylammonium methylphenoxyacetate, no adverse effects were found and good tolerability was observed. Due to good compatibility of oxyethylammonium methylphenoxyacetate with other agents, it can be included into complex rehabilitation programs as an independent or/and complementary agent. This increases effectiveness of the conducted treatment and improves the diagnosis.
Modern factors determining the status of students’ health
Authors: Tarasov AV , Rakhmanov RS , Bogomolova ES , Skoblina NA , Ievleva OV
Published: June 2022

Students belong to a special medical and social group. A risk of health disturbances is typical of this community. It is associated with the influence of various habitat and educational factors. The most significant factors have been determined based on the analysis of literature data. It is about high levels of stress and depression due to low physical activity, high level of psychoemotional stress during lessons and examination periods, irrational and irregular nutrition, social adaptation to a new habitat, which is often accompanied by acclimatization while moving for educational purposes, disorders of sleep and rest, harmful habits. Significant areas of development of self-preserving technologies for students were determined based on the obtained data. They can include as follows: examination of morbidity risk factors due to the educational period (from the first to the last educational year), assessing the effect of weather and climate conditions on the educational territory (examining the process of students’ acclimatization), determining the role (peculiarities) of academic process technologies as a health risk factor (long-distance learning technologies, certain educational program), examining the progression and technology optimizing students’ way of life at different stages of education, assessment of physical activity, influence on accessibility of educational programs, significance of using electronic devices and educational means, feeding trends (ethnic ones, conditions and possibilities of adherence to the principles of healthy nutrition), etc.
Literary Maxim as a Catalyst in Cultural Edification
Authors: Sharma Rahul
Published: June 2022

The role of literature in the formation of culture is an oft repeated and much discussed topic of interest in any civilized world. In spite of that, very seldom we realize the sanctity and validity of this discourse. It is a grim reality that the modern world looks at odds with its cultural concerns and subsequently it alienates itself from the framework of responsibility, which is an utter disregard for a developing culture. Being a preliminary branch of art, literature serves a dual role in the scheme of things for the cultural development. On the other hand, it is an outcome of cultural progression, because the literary treasure of any social group is a part of its culture. On the other hand literature provides all the necessary ingredients for the formation of a culture – complex, that is an aggregate of cultural ethos. Mathew Arnold described art as a “criticism of life”. This view was an extension of Aristotle’s belief that art depends upon the imitation of nature. There was however some other scholars like Oscar Wilde, who believed that life itself imitates art. Both these theories are interesting and vital in understanding the concerns of literature as a work of art in the construction and preservation of culture. At the same time we have to formulate a canon for delineating the cultural concerns of literature. The topic of this research paper is an attempt to draw our attention toward this fundamental issue, that relates the human society to a larger canvass of its designated ideals.
Musik Oklik Bojonegoro dalam Kajian Etnomusikologi sebagai Upaya Pelestarian Budaya
Authors: Anggraeni Elva Rizki , Yanuartuti Setyo , Juwariyah Anik , Yermiandhoko Yoyok , Lodra I Nyoman
Published: June 2022

Oklik merupakan salah satu kesenian musik tradisi khas Bojonegoro. Alat musik dari bambu ini tercipta berdasarkan latar belakang fenomena sejarah di masa lalu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah mendeskripsikan hasil kajian terhadap musik oklik menggunakan teori etnomusikologi serta upaya pelestarian musik oklik di masa kini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini berasal dari dua sumber yakni sumber primer dan sekunder. Sumber data primer didapatkan melalui penelitian lapangan. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui kajian pustaka yang berkaitan dengan judul penelitian. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui tiga teknik yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa musik oklik dapat memuat kajian etnomusikologi, mencakup unsur sejarah, tradisi ritual masyarakat, organologi dan musikalitas. upaya pelestarian oklik dilaksanakan oleh penggiat seni Bojonegoro dengan melakukan pengembangan unsur organologi, musikalitas, dan proses pementasannya. Upaya pelestarian lainnya ialah dukungan pemerintah daerah dan ketertarikan para akademisi mengenai penelitian dan kajian terhadap musik oklik Bojonegoro. Kata Kunci: Oklik, Etnomusikologi, Pelestarian Budaya
Siginyang Saluang Pauh dalam Menembus Perkampungan Seni di Kota Padang
Authors: Desmawardi Desmawardi , Sriyanto Sriyanto , Nazrita Azzura Yenli , Andriana Mesy
Published: June 2022

Saluang Pauh adalah salah satu bentuk alat musik tiup Minangkabau di kota Padang. Secara tradisi Saluang Pauh akan tampil dikala ada kaba  yang akan diiringi. Artinya penampilan Saluang Pauh berfungsi sebagai pengiring kaba atau saluang tidak akan tampil secara tunggal. Kaba merupakan salah satu seni tutur mengisahkan berbagai pola kehidupan masyarakat Minangkabau. Siginyang Saluang Pauh terinspitasi dari imbauan Saluang Pauh sebelum masuk kaba. Garitiak dari melodi yang dilahirkan peniup Saluang Pauh, seolah-olah menghimbau masyarakat Minangkabau agar menoleh ke belakang, sebelum melanjutkan perjalanan maksudnya sejauhmana anda berjalan jangan lupa kampung halaman, sesuai dengan falsafah Minangkabau “satinggi tinggi tabang bangau, jatuah ka kubangan juo”. Karakter yang ada pada kaba umumnya merupakan kerasnyahempasan kehidupan yang harus dilalui oleh masyarakat Pauh Padang. Deruh ombak serta kencangnya angin seolah-olah telah membentuk karakter masyarakat Pauah menjadi keras. Namun dibalik kerasnya watak mereka tersimpang jiwa seni yang lembut yang mereka lahirkan melalui dendang ratok dan melodi saluang Pauh. Interpretasi demikian merupakan antitesis dari interpretasi yang sudah dimiliki oleh orang secara umum. Konsep perbedaan interpretasi ini yang menjadi keinginan dari kelompok peneliti dari ISI Padangpanjang untuk menggali nilai-nilai seni yang terdapat dalam lukisan melodi Saluang Pauh. Saluang Pauah adalah berasal dari kecamatan Pauh, Padang, yang dulunya masuk ke kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Saluang Pauah juga disebut Saluang Pakok  (tutup, Sumbat) karena sebagian besar naa melodi yang diahirkan berdasarkan Pakok seperti (Pakok 4, Pakok 5 dan, pakok 6) Secara umum seniman atau pemain Saluang Pauh sudah tergolong Lansia (usia lanjut), sedangkan generasi muda sudah sulit ditemukan yang mampu pemainkan, baik sebagai peniup Saluang maupun sebagai pendendang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali nilai seni yang terdapat dalam pertunjuan Saluang Pauh. (1) mengkabarkan kepada anak negri sendiri agar dapat mencintai seni budaya sendiri agar jangan hilang ditelan masa. dan (2) sebuah komposisi musik baru yang diproses dari jalinan melodi Saluang Pauh. Proses penelitian dan penciptaan “Komposisi musik” dilakukan dengan tahapan penelitian untuk (1) pengumpulan data, (2) validasi data dengan instrumen (3) penulisan struktur pertunjukan serta membuat notasi dasar beberapa irama Saluang Pauh dan notasi pengembangan. Komposisi musik “Siginyang Saluang Pauh”. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Deskriptif Analitif, dengan tahapan (1) Observasi dan studi pustaka, (2) Riset ke lokasi di mana Saluang Pauh tumbuh dan berkembang. (3) Interpretasi dan eksperimentasi yang menghasilkan pola interpretasi penelitian ini dilakukan selama lebih kurang satu bulan.
APRESIASI ANAK USIA KOGNITIF PRAOPERASIONAL PADA PERTUNJUKAN LUDRUK VIRTUAL ARMADA
Authors: Ongko Elizabeth Suryani , Yanuartuti Setyo , Lodra I Nyoman
Published: June 2022

Ludruk adalah sebuah kesenian dari Jawa Timur yang mencakup lagu, musik, gerak, tari, drama dan tata cahaya panggung yang seringkali menjadi wadah penyampaian aspirasi masyarakat. Adapun peneliti menggunakan ludruk sebagai objek penelitian karena ludruk sebagai kesenian daerah yang memiliki berbagai simbol tersirat di dalamnya dan menggunakan bahasa daerah sehari-hari yang mudah dipahami. Adanya fakta mengenai ludruk yang semakin tergerus dan tergantikan oleh kesenian lain yang berasal dari luar negeri membuat peneliti ingin mengenalkan ludruk sedini mungkin. Peneliti menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara serta studi literatur terhadap ludruk sebagai salah satu kesenian daerah, perkembangan kognitif dan artistik anak, musikologi dan psikomusikologi, serta kaitan antara warna dan usia praoperasional anak. Melalui penelitian ini, peneliti mencoba untuk menganalisis apresiasi anak usia 6 tahun yang berada pada tahap kognitif praoperasional pada sebuah seni pertunjukkan ludruk yang disajikan secara virtual. Hasil yang didapat adalah anak mampu menangkap dan memahami simbol-simbol pada pertunjukkan ludruk, Selain itu, anak juga mengalami proses belajar memahami makna dibalik simbol dan perilaku tokoh kesenian. Anak mampu memberikan apresiasi terhadap sebuah pertunjukkan ludruk dan tidak terlepas dari aspek psikologi kognitif, aspek fisiologis, aspek afektif ataupun emosi, dan juga pengalaman musikalitas mereka sebagai individu.
Finite Element Investigation of the Ultimate Capacity of Hollow-Flange Steel Girders with Web Openings
Authors: Usamah M. Salih  , Haraj Mohammed Abbas , Marwa Z. Kareem  , Kamaran S. Abdullah
Published: June 2022

The goal of structural design is to select member sizes that are proportional to thestructural geometry in order to achieve the most cost-effective design. Steel girders weretypically made of webs, flanges and a number of internal stuffeners, the main objectiveof this research is to develop a finite element model to study the effect of the shapes andlocations of openings on the behavior of hollow flange steel plate girders. In this study,seven models were analyzed in two groups. The first group study the effect of webopenings shape openings on the behavior of hollow flange steel plate girders, while thesecond group study the effect of web openings location on the behavior of hollow flangesteel plate girders. The girders are analyzed until the final failure has occurred. Theresults obtained from finite element analysis showed that that the absence of openinghad an important effect on the ultimate load capacity. The ultimate capacity of hollowflange steel plate girder with four squares opening decreased about 5% compared tohollow flanges steel plate girder without openings.
Structural Performance of Semi-Rigid Connection Steel Frames
Authors: Al-Sherif Raghdah , Ismael Murtada A.
Published: June 2022

In most engineering designs, steel connections are usually considered as fully rigid connections or perfectly pinned connections, for simplicity of design work. In reality, this assumption is incorrect. The behaviour of the beam-column connection is in between of rigid connection and perfectly pinned connection. This type of connection is termed semi-rigid connection. This article represents a numerical analysis using finite element method of structural steel frames to investigate the effect of semi-rigid beam-column connection on the behaviour of the frame. ANSYS software was used for the finite element modelling of the frames. The beam-column connection was modelled as rotational spring with specified rotational stiffness using COMBIN14 element. The study includes investigation the effect of semi-rigid on different study cases such as: support types and number of stories. The obtained results reveal that changing the beam-column connection from rigid case to semi-rigid case with different rotational stiffness can increase the vertical and horizontal displacement of the frame with a percentage depends on the rotational stiffness of the beam-column connection. Changing the support type of the frame from fixed to pinned support or increasing the number of stories with semi-rigid connection can decrease the strength capacity of the frame. This indicates the importance of including the semi-rigid connection in the design and analysis of steel frames to obtain more realistic results.
Experimental Investigation on RC Columns Confined by Jacket with Geopolymer Adhesive
Authors: A. Hussien Thakaa , D. Salman Wissam
Published: June 2022

Columns are one of the important structural members of engineering buildings. The impairment of reinforced concrete columns is one of the important problems affecting most structures, therefore the confinement of columns by fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) is necessary to improve its behavior such as its load capacity, compressive strength, and ductility. The FRP used in the confinement is modern and wide application composite material in the field of civil engineering, which is pasted by epoxy. The fast impairment of epoxy at high temperatures leads to its replacement with an effective adhesive: geopolymers. This study presents the test result of an experimental investigation on confinement of six square RC columns with dimension (100*100*600mm) with geopolymer jacket under axial load conditions. The parameter considered is the jacketing material used (carbon fiber, plastic mesh, steel wire mesh, jute fiber, glass fiber mesh). Results of the test showed that confinement could improve the stiffness of the column by using a different type of material. The confinement with a carbon fiber reinforced geopolymers jackets can enhance the strength of the column after applying axial loading and improvement the performance of columns, but it is expensive. Where the increase in the load improvement and deformation capacity was (1.59 and 1.97), respectively, and the most effective jacket material in terms of economic cost and best performance in confinement operation consisted of (plastic mesh and steel wire mesh) compared to other types of material, with load enhancement by (1.41 and 1.27) and deformation capacity by (1.86 and 1.50), respectively compared with unconfined RC columns. Finally, the confinement by a different type of fiber-reinforced geopolymer adhesive is the most effective and used in the repair and rehabilitation of RC in the area with high-temperature climates.
Studying and Improving the Hardness Properties of Gray Cast Iron
Authors: T. Faris Saad , Salih Mahdi Huda , N. Abed Khuder
Published: June 2022

This research focuses on the hardness of gray cast iron. Hardness is a measure of the resistance to localized plastic deformation induced by either mechanical indentation or abrasion. The machinability cannot set a specific definition. However, several indicators and directories give a clear image, the most important of which is the factors that affect the machinability of gray cast iron according to the metallurgies and the metal cutting and cutting conditions. The main goal of this research is to improve the hardness of gray cast iron. Many experiments on several samples to get different results and then compare these results to get the best which is the goal of the research. The conclusions through the practical side of this research are the different values of hardness through the different hardening processes. As the hardening processes gave a sample of grey cast iron a hardness value that differs in each type of hardening. The notes through the graph that the hardness reaches its peak in the traditional hardening, where its value is (370.6), followed by the laser hardening process, which reaches (321.6) The amount of increase between the hardness of the laser and the traditional hardness takes the value of (15.24 %) The work on samples in the form of aggregates, and each group will be treated in a specific way and then subject to tests.
Las TIC como estrategia de inclusión social. Análisis de un itinerario de segunda oportunidad educativa
Authors: García Aguilera Francisco José , Aguilar Cuenca Diego
Published: June 2022

Tras más de diez años de crisis económica a nivel global y después de los confinamientos sufridos por la ciudadanía con la pandemia mundial ocasionada por la COVID-19, nos encontramos una situación compleja con demoledores efectos en los ámbitos sanitarios, socioeconómicos, culturales y educativos. Es en este marco donde se inscriben las experiencias educativas de segunda oportunidad, dispositivos locales que diseñan acciones más flexibles y diversificadas, ofreciendo opciones y oportunidades adaptadas para cubrir las competencias clave y que se completan con formación práctica en centros de trabajo. Este trabajo centra sus objetivos en describir la existencia de programas alternativos al sistema educativo formal, identificar la situación de vulnerabilidad social, educativa y laboral de sus colectivos beneficiarios, así como analizar los resultados de una experiencia piloto de itinerario centrado en las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (en adelante TIC) perteneciente a la “Escuela Inclusiva de Segunda Oportunidad de Vélez-Málaga” (España). Para ello, se ha diseñado un cuestionario ad-hoc aplicado a 38 estudiantes con edades comprendidas entre 16 y 29 años. En aras de la elaboración del cuestionario, se han tenido en cuenta los datos sociodemográficos, los contenidos propios del itinerario, así como otras competencias laborales asociadas al adecuado desempeño en el puesto de trabajo. Los resultados del itinerario TIC muestran valoraciones altas en cuanto al nivel de aprendizaje alcanzado tanto en las competencias técnicas trabajadas, como en aquellas complementarias para el desarrollo en el puesto de trabajo. El 95 % de los estudiantes que iniciaron la formación han finalizado con éxito. Como conclusión, destacar la importancia de este tipo de iniciativas como mecanismo alternativo a los sistemas educativos reglados, a las que se debe dar continuidad, por el éxito obtenido en esta experiencia piloto, pero que requieren del compromiso institucional para convertirse en un recurso sostenible y consolidado en el tiempo.
El desarrollo del pensamiento computacional en educación: valoración basada en una experiencia con Scratch
Authors: Gamito Rakel , Aristizabal Pilar , Basasoro Maitane , León Irati
Published: June 2022

En la actual sociedad digitalizada el pensamiento computacional se ha convertido en una competencia imprescindible para la resolución de problemas cotidianos. Del mismo modo, la programación emerge con un gran potencial para el desarrollo de dicha competencia. Por ello, resulta urgente incluir la código-alfabetización en la formación inicial del futuro profesorado. En este estudio, se pretende valorar la experimentación basada en Scratch llevada a cabo con el alumnado de Grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU). Asimismo, se ha recogido la percepción del alumnado en relación con las posibilidades de uso que ofrece Scratch para el desarrollo de habilidades y actitudes del pensamiento computacional y a las expectativas de utilización de este lenguaje de programación en su futuro profesional. Los resultados indican que el alumnado considera evidente la relación de Scratch con la enseñanza de la programación. La experiencia ha sido valorada positivamente y, a su vez, señalan que Scratch puede ser útil para el desarrollo de los procesos del pensamiento computacional en el aula de Educación Primaria, añadiendo que lo incluirán en su futuro profesional docente.
Factors influencing enhancement timing in a triple-phase abdominal CT angiography protocol in dogs
Authors: Davé Aditya C. , Ober Christopher P. , Rendahl Aaron
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the enhancement accuracy of a triple-phase abdominal CT angiography (CTA) protocol in dogs and explore the patient, scan, and contrast parameters associated with accuracy of enhancement.

ANIMALS

233 client-owned dogs that underwent routine abdominal CTA.

PROCEDURES

During each CTA study, the subjective timing accuracy (early, ideal, late) of the 3 obtained vascular phases (arterial, venous, delayed) was scored by consensus (2 reviewers) at 4 target organs (liver, pancreas, left kidney, and spleen). These scores were evaluated for statistical associations with 21 study variables (patient, scan, and contrast medium). The objective enhancement (HU) for each target organ was also compared statistically with subjective timing accuracy scores and the study variables.

RESULTS

The study protocol performed best for the pancreas, moderately for the liver, and worse for the spleen and left kidney. Measurements of scan length and time were associated positively with phase lateness for most target organs and phases. Increased heart rate was the most significant patient factor associated positively with phase lateness within the liver (all phases), pancreas (arterial and venous phases), and kidney (arterial phase). Contrast medium variables were less associated with timing accuracy in this protocol. Objective enhancement (HU) correlated poorly with subjective phase timing accuracy and study variables.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Scan time, scan length, and heart rate were the predominant variables contributing to lateness in this canine abdominal CTA protocol. The findings of this exploratory study may aid in protocol adjustment and choice of included anatomy for dogs undergoing routine abdominal CTA.
Don’t tell me stories – the narratives of retirement and their relation with brand associations
Authors: Hajdas Monika , Radomska Joanna , Szpulak Aleksandra , Silva Susana C.
Published: June 2022

Purpose

The concept of cultural branding based on various narratives has been established in the marketing literature, but there is a lack of studies linking this concept with brand-related effects. The aim of this paper is to explore and explain the possible relationships between various brand narratives based on the changing meaning of retirement and brand associations.

Design/methodology/approach

An experimental design was used to test the proposed conceptual model and examine the impact of brand narrative on brand associations. Data were collected using an online survey from a random group of 432 respondents and analyzed using MANOVA.

Findings

Our research did not confirm that in the case of financial products, brand narratives represented by distinctive retirement cultural codes had an impact on brand associations. Partial relation was found only for brand personality.

Originality

This is the first study that explores brand narratives’ based on cultural codes relations with brand associations.
Establishment of a new canine inflammatory mammary carcinoma cell line and analysis of its cystine-glutamate transporter subunit expression
Authors: Itoh Harumichi , Naruse Ryo , Tani Kenji , Sunahara Hiroshi , Nemoto Yuki , Nakaichi Munekazu , Iseri Toshie , Horikirizono Hiro , Itamoto Kazuhito
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Inflammatory mammary carcinoma (IMC) is a rare disease with a poor prognosis and one affecting dogs. Inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) is a subtype of malignant breast cancer in humans with a high degree of malignancy and a similarly poor prognosis. Since the clinical symptoms and prognoses of both are similar, canine IMC has been considered as a model of human IBC. In this study, we newly established a stable IMC-derived cell line from a patient at the Yamaguchi University Animal Medical Center in Japan.

Material and Methods

The patient was a female toy poodle presenting with an inflamed mammary gland, which was diagnosed as IMC. The cell line was established from a tissue biopsy. Surface antigen marker (CD24 and CD44) expression was determined. Cystine/glutamate antiporter (xCT) expression was determined by Western blotting, flow cytometry and fluorescence immunostaining, and sulfasalazine was administered to ascertain if it suppressed xCT expression. Stem cell marker (Nanog, Sox2, Myc and Klf4) expression and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity were also investigated.

Results

The cultured cells showed xCT, and its suppression showed downregulation of stem cell markers and ALDH activity. Stable cell proliferation was verified.

Conclusion

A new canine IMC-derived cell line was established. In the future, we aim to study the effect of xCT on the maintenance of cancer stem cell properties in canine tumours, and propose a new therapeutic method for the treatment of canine IMC by targeting xCT.
Effect of oxidative status on the occurrence of haemolactia in dairy cows after calving
Authors: Kuroiwa Tomoko , Matsuda Keiichi , Kanazawa Tomomi , Chee Hueyshy , Kimura Atsushi , Satoh Hiroshi , Sato Shigeru , Ichijo Toshihiro
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Dairy cows may infrequently give milk tinged with blood after calving, which is a condition termed haemolactia. Economic losses for dairy farmers are caused by cases of haemolactia because of the condemnation of such milk, potential contamination of good bulk tank milk with haemolactic milk, and need for veterinarian intervention. This study was performed to elucidate the oxidative status of dairy cows with haemolactia during the peripartum period.

Material and Methods

Plasma glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase concentrations along with serum vitamin A, C and E concentrations were determined as indices of oxidative stress. The sampled dairy cows comprised two haemolactic (n = 11 and n = 6) and two non-haemolactic (n = 11 and n = 6) groups.

Results

On the first day when haemolactia was identified in colostrum (at mean 2.1 days after parturition), a significantly increased concentration of plasma MDA was noted in the haemolactic group. During the prepartum period, low levels of serum vitamin E were continuously observed from prepartum week 4 to the parturition day but only in the haemolactic group.

Conclusion

These results demonstrate that continuous low levels of serum vitamin E in the prepartum period may play a pivotal role as a requisite factor in the onset of haemolactia after calving.
Students’ Ways of Thinking on Geometry
Authors: Nirawati Resy , Darhim Darhim , Fatimah Siti , Juandi Dadang
Published: June 2022

Ways of Thinking (WoT) is a fundamental ability that is part of the mental act that students must learn to solve geometry problems. The purpose of this research was to describe how WoT is used to solve geometry problems. This research used the descriptive qualitative methodology with a holistic case study design and data collection techniques such as tests, interviews, observation, documentation, and triangulation. The subjects in this research were 35 fourth-grade students from Sambas Regency Public Elementary Schools, Indonesia. The research focused on three students with varying levels of cognitive abilities: low, medium, and high. The results showed that students with high, medium, and low cognitive capabilities performed mental acts with the corresponding WoT. Students with high, medium and low cognitive capabilities were more likely to work on questions that required interpretation. Besides, it also revealed that errors committed students were learning errors, reading errors, careless errors, conceptual errors, and procedure errors. The implementation of WoT on the topic of geometry can be utilized as an alternate reference for mathematics teachers when developing teaching materials for mathematics learning to increase studentss' mathematical knowledge.
Zone of Concept Image Differences in Infinite Limits at Undergraduate Level
Authors: Sulastri Rini , Suryadi Didi , Prabawanto Sufyani , Cahya Endang , Fitriani Fitriani
Published: June 2022

The gap between the concept image and the concept definition will greatly affect a person’s understanding of the concept. This study aims to reveal the gap between the concept image and the concept definition, and the causes of the emergence of the gap. The research subjects were 16 first-year mathematics students at one of the universities in Aceh, Indonesia. Data were obtained from the results of written tests and in-depth interviews. This qualitative research with a phenomenological study approach was analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the gap that occurs in the concept includes: the division of a non-zero number by zero yields infinity, the concept of dividing zero by zero is zero, the concept of dividing a number by zero is the same as the concept of the limit, e.g., , and the concept of the left-hand limit as  means that the satisfied value of x is all negative numbers such that . The emergence of these concept images results from the subject's learning experience at school and a calculus course. This finding provides insights and considerations for educators to comprehensively introduce students to the concept of infinity to avoid misunderstandings in limit and next materials.
Developing RME-Based Learning Trajectory for Teaching Addition to A Dyscalculia Student in Elementary School
Authors: Fauzan Ahmad , Andita Cahyo Dwi , Rada Gusti , Zafirah Afifah , Abdullah Abdul Halim Bin
Published: June 2022

This research aimed to design an RME-based learning trajectory for a dyscalculia student to learn the addition of whole numbers. The research used design research approach that consists of three phases: preparing for the experiment, conducting the experiment, and retrospective analysis. This research's data collection techniques were observations, interviews, videotaping, and analyzing the student’ works. The main result of this research is the learning trajectory for teaching addition of whole numbers to a dyscalculia student using RME approach. The series of activities in the learning trajectory are addition of whole numbers between 1 and 10 by combining the objects, addition of whole numbers between 1 and 10 using number relations, addition of whole numbers between 1 and 20 using number relations, and finding the concept of place value of tens and ones in addition of numbers. This research also shows the cognitive improvement of dyscalculia student in learning the addition of  whole numbers. Learning activities carried out by the dyscalculia student help him to shif from informal knowledge to formal mathematical knowledge in order to understand the concept of addition of whole numbers. It makes dyscalculia student has number sense, number construction, and number relation abilities which increase significantly in the learning process.
Assessing episodes in verbalization process of EFL students’ collaborative writing
Authors: Susanti Ani , Widiati Utami , Cahyono Bambang Yudi , Sharif Tengku Intan Suzila Tengku
Published: June 2022

One of the ways to engage EFL students in writing is to assign them to work collaboratively. Collaborative writing requires a verbalization process resulting in episodes related to language, texts, and scaffolds. This study examined the use of episodes in collaborative writing of EFL students set in pairs by the teacher. It identified the most productive type of episodes which include language-related episodes (LREs), text-related episodes (TREs), and scaffolding episodes (SEs). It also scrutinized the categories of episodes within each type of episode. The study involved 20 pairs of Indonesian students from the English Department of a reputable university in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The students were given an integrated reading-writing task and asked to work in pairs. The results of the study showed that SEs were the most productive type of episode, followed by LREs in the moderate occurrence, and TREs, which were the least productive type of episode. The results also revealed that among the categories in each type of episode, lexis-focused (LREs), organization-focused (TREs), and repetition (SEs) were more productive than the other categories of episodes. These results imply that the most productive categories of episodes could be catalysts in the teaching of writing, which employs collaborative writing tasks either in pairs or in small groups. This study offers insights into creating activities to encourage writing activities that especially involve types of pairings.
Acehnese lexical and grammatical collocations of the North Aceh dialect
Authors: Muthalib Kismullah Abdul , Rahmah Siti , Aziz Zulfadli A.
Published: June 2022

This research dealt with collocations used in the North Aceh dialect. It analyzed the part of speech categories into which collocations of the North Aceh dialect can be grouped. This research focused on the grammatical collocations and lexical collocations used in the Blang Mee village of Bireuen District, Aceh, Indonesia. This is a descriptive qualitative using case study looking into the villagers’ use of Acehnese collocations. Six Acehnese speakers were selected as the language informants. They were fifty years old or above and never traveled or lived outside of Blang Mee. Data were extracted from interviews with these speakers who were asked to discuss general topics in Acehnese. The analysis was performed using a framework on collocation categories by Benson et al. The results of the analysis showed both lexical and grammatical collocations used by speakers in North Aceh. Lexical collocations were found in the forms of verb (denoting creation or activation) + noun combinations, verb (meaning eradication or nullification) + a noun, adjective + noun combinations, noun + verb combinations, noun + noun combinations, adverb + adjective combinations, and verb + adverb combinations. Grammatical collocations came in the following combinations: noun + preposition combinations, adjective + preposition combinations, preposition + noun combinations, and collocational verb patterns. The collocations used by the North Aceh dialect speakers indicate the uniqueness of their dialect within other dialects spoken by the Acehnese.
Enhancing grammar competence of vocational school students through the Omygram learning chart
Authors: Hamid Ruhiana Idayu Abd , Kiong Tee Tze , Abbas Lutfiah Natrah , Rusly Noor Syuhaili Mohd. , Puad Farah Najwa Ahmad
Published: June 2022

Various methods and approaches have been used to support English learning. However, there is still a lack of information on how the grammar competence of vocational students can be improved in the Malaysian context. This study aims to build the Omygram learning chart and identify its effects on the achievement level of the students in Program Vokasional Menengah Atas (PVMA), or the upper-secondary vocational programme, on their English grammar competence. The study involved two secondary schools in Johor, Malaysia, employing a quasi-experimental design. A descriptive analysis from SPSS showed the increment in the mean score for the post-test of the treatment group of 5.58, higher than the control group (0.33) after the intervention was applied. The results of t-test showed no significant difference in achievement between pre-test and post-test for the control group [p = 0.504, (p 0.05)]. On the other hand, the result of the t-test for the treatment group showed a significant difference in achievement between the pre-test and post-test [p = 0.000, (p0.05)]. Students’ motivation after using the Omygram learning chart was also high. In conclusion, the development of the Omygram learning chart is proven to effectively increase students’ achievement in English. This confirms that developing learning aids improves students’ grammar competence and motivates them to learn the language better.  As a result, the goal of producing a skilled workforce in TVET (Technical Education and Vocational Training) and possessing soft skills will be more achievable.
Listening journals to promote students’ critical thinking skills in an integrated Listening-Speaking Course
Authors: Purnamaningwulan Rina Astuti
Published: June 2022

This study aims to explore whether there is a significant improvement in students’ critical thinking (CT) skills after implementing listening journals as one of the tasks in the Critical Listening and Speaking II course. This study also reports students’ responses to the implementation of listening journals. In this mixed-method study, students’ CT skill was measured using a Critical Thinking Self-Assessment (CTSA) Scale prior to and subsequent to the listening journal implementation period. Meanwhile, a reflective questionnaire with open-ended questions was employed to reveal students’ responses to the implementation of the listening journals’ tasks. Fifty students studying in the fourth semester of an English education department in a private university in Indonesia participated in this study. A paired-samples t-test result suggested a significant improvement in students’ scores from the pre- to the post- CT self-assessment (t = -4.136, p .05). In addition, the qualitative data obtained from the reflective questionnaire showed that the dominant responses from the students were positive towards the listening journal task. The findings of this study suggest that listening journals can be an effective strategy to help foster learners’ critical thinking while developing listening and other skills. Even so, some felt the process was too monotonous and difficult. Thus, suggestions for future research are offered to improve the journal’s future design and implementations.
Hubungan Views of Suffering dan Occupational Stress pada Pemuka Agama
Authors: Yolanda Hizkia , Suwartono Chrsitiany
Published: June 2022

Pekerjaan sebagai seorang pemuka agama dapat menimbulkan stres kerja (occupational stress) secara negatif (occupational distress) atau positif (occupational eustress). Jenis stres yang dialami oleh pemuka agama bergantung pada pemaknaan pemuka agama terhadap stressor yang dihadapi. Views of suffering (VOS) dapat menjadi salah satu aspek yang digunakan untuk memaknai stressor pekerjaan yang dihadapinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara VOS dengan occupational stress. Views of Suffering Scale (VOSS) dan Valencia Eustress-Distress Appraisal Scale (VEDAS) diadministrasikan kepada 108 pemuka agama dari enam agama resmi di Indonesia. Data dianalisa dengan menggunakan korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif signifikan antara VOS overcoming dengan occupational distress. Bentuk VOS unorthodox dan limited knowledge memiliki hubungan positif signifikan dengan occupational eustress. Sedangkan bentuk VOS divine responsibility, random, encounter, retribution, suffering God, soul building, dan providence tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan occupational distress maupun eustress. Hasil ini menandakan pandangan yang memposisikan individu berperan aktif dan memiliki kontrol dalam kesulitan cenderung mendorong stres kerja yang bermanfaat bagi pemuka agama