bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous Pneumothorax in Covid-19 Pneumonia. Case report
Authors: Gradica Fadil
Published: February 2021

Coronavirus caused an epidemic in China in December 2019 at an animal market where live and dead animals were sold in Wuhan, China. In a short time, this epidemic spread to different continents. This virus has been called the 2019 new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by the World Health Organization. Unlike both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, Covid-19 is the seventh member of the coronavirus family that infects humans. It is characteristic for Covid-19 pneumonia that there are subpleural localized ground glass opacities and numerous irregular areas of consolidation in both lungs and especially in the lower lobes.In this case study, we aimed to present a Covid-19 positive in 58 years old man patient with cough, high fever, beginning breathlessness and chest pain on the left, accompanied by pneumothorax in the left hemithorax, after covid -19 diagnosis. Radiographic imaging of the patient revealed pneumothorax on the left and ground-glass opacities in the bilateral lower lobes. The patient underwent tube thoracostomy from the left hemithorax lateral. It should be kept in mind that in patients with Covid-19 pneumonia, it may develop in pneumotoacies secondary to lung parenchymal damage. Mortality rates can be reduced in patients with early diagnosis and treatment.
Congenital Anomalies of The Ear in Newborns from Lviv Region (west Ukraine) for 2006-2018 YY.
Authors: Nataliya Kitsera
Published: February 2021

Objectives The ear’s congenital anomalies usually occur in the outer, middle or inner ear separately or in combination. We had determined the сongenital ear’s anomalies (CEA) in newborns (2006-2018 yy) in West Ukraine, Lviv region. Methods 14 newborns who were diagnosed according to the reporting form by the maternity hospitals with CEA were analyzed over a period of 13 years.Results During the study period (2006–2018), there were 366 147 births reported, and 8634 newborns with birth defects, 14 were with CEA, an average incidence of 0.4 per 10 000 births. Our study included 10 boys and 4 girls with CEA. Male-to-female ratio was 2.5:1. The number of newborns with ear pathology was 1.8 times higher in the city than in the village. The most common birth defects of the ear were Q16.1 congenital absence, atresia and stricture of auditory canal (external) – 4 (28.6%) and Q16.9 CEA causing impairment of hearing, unspecified – 4 (28.6%), especially the most common of right side. Microtia (Q17.2) was met very rarely -1 (7.1%) and other CEA Q16.9-1 (7.1%). During this period there were only 2 cases of anotia and 1 case of microtia. There was only 1 (7.1%) case of bilateral CEA in boy from town. Just one girl had CEA was associated with birth defect of musculoskeletal system. Conclusion This is necessary to establish the correct diagnosis in time, especially for mind of the family doctors, genetic counseling for relatives family for has benefited earlier prophylaxis.
Наративна толерантнiсть: вихiд iз лабiринту нацiональних iсторичних наративiв
Authors: Mishalova Olena
Published: February 2021

Метою даної роботи є спроба обґрунтувати тезу, що відсутність уніфікуючого «національного проекту» у написанні української історії (тобто національного історичного наратива) є скоріше перевагою нашої країни, оскільки Україна має реальний шанс створити історичний наратив культурної конвергенції. Від часів колоніального минулого, коли українські території входили до складу різних культурно-цивілізаційних регіонів, українці успадкували не лише негативний досвід, але й позитивний – досвід культурної взаємодії (конвергенції). На сьогодні багатонаціональність, мультикультурність та релігійна поліконфесійність є вагомою перевагою української держави, оскільки це співпадає з загальною світовою тенденцією до побудови спільного полікультурного глобального світу, що ґрунтується на ідеї прав людини.
Аналiтична соцiальна та полiтична фiлософiя
Authors: Shramko Yaroslav
Published: February 2021

Стаття має оглядовий характер i присвячена сучасним дослiдженням фiлософських проблем суспiльства в межах аналiтичної соцiальної i полiтичної фiлософiї. Розглядаються основнi роздiли фiлософiї суспiльства, до яких належать соцiальна онтологiя, соцiальна методологiя i полiтична фiлософiя. Зазначається, що цi роздiли зосереджуються на онтологiчних, епiстемологiчних та етичних проблемах соцiуму. Соцiальна онтологiя вивчає соцiальнi сутностi, їхню природу, а також рiзноманiтнi властивостi соцiальних сутностей i вiдношення мiж ними. Центральним тут постає питання про природу суспiльства як особливого роду реальностi i про структуру цiєї реальностi. Головне завдання соцiальної методологiї — дослiдження природи, форм i методiв отримання знання про соцiальну реальнiсть, розгляд питання, яким чином може i має здiйснюватися сам процес пiзнання цiєї реальностi. Полiтична фiлософiя визначається як фiлософський розгляд полiтичної сфери суспiльства, що складається з полiтичних iнститутiв i полiтичних вiдношень, у ходi яких вiдбувається реалiзацiя полiтики як такої.
Яка критика потрiбна критичному мисленню?
Authors: Kozachenko Nadiia
Published: February 2021

Осмислення критичного мислення залежить вiд поняття критики, яке кладеться в його основу. Критика розглядається як судження, iнтерпретацiя, оцiнка, обмеження в їх позитивному i негативному проявах. Загалом критика постає на двох рiвнях: як критика основ та як критика методу. Коли критика сама перетворюється на основу та метод, спостерiгається спалах скепсису, який iнодi може набувати надмiрних крайнiх форм. В цiлому ж, критика пов’язується з досить позитивними явищами: змагальнiстю, проясненням, захистом, вдосконаленням, розкриттям. Мета такої критики — пошук iстини, мiнiмiзацiя або нейтралiзацiя недолiкiв, вироблення кращої стратегiї, оптимiзацiя, спрощення, систематизацiя. Попри те, що критика має значний конструктивний потенцiал, iснує небезпека поширення унiверсальностi критицизму, а тому виникає необхiднiсть так званої «критики критики», тобто критики, спрямованої на перегляд власних пiдстав з метою визначення своєї можливостi. Можна говорити про наявнiсть двох рiвнiв розгляду критики: емпiричний i трансцендентальний. Саме завдяки цьому розрiзненню iснують вiдмiнностi у вживаннi слова «критика» для позначення нею будь-якої оцiночної дяльностi чи суперечки та його вживання для позначення процесу дiагностування пiдгрунть i критерiїв. На нашу думку, критика можлива лише з залученням трансцендентального рiвня, на якому розглядаються належнi, апрiорнi, безумовнi границi розуму.
Кріс Лоренц і сучасна філософія історії: чим може бути корисним філософ історику? (передмова до перекладу статті «Історичне знання та історична дійсність: на захист "внутрішнього реалізму"»)
Authors: Mishalova Olena , Panafidina Oksana
Published: February 2021

Кріс Лоренц і сучасна філософія історії: чим може бути корисним філософ історику? (передмова до перекладу статті «Історичне знання та історична дійсність: на захист "внутрішнього реалізму"»)
Мішалова О.В., Панафідіна О.П.
Основні напрямки аналітичної політичної філософії
Authors: Shramko Yaroslav
Published: February 2021

Сучасна політична філософія аналітичного спрямування демонструє наявність великого спектру течій, концептуальних підходів та конкретних теорій, які розглядають найрізноманітніші проблеми політичного життя суспільства. Всі ці проблеми зрештою зводяться до проблеми суспільного блага — в чому воно полягає і як його можливо (якщо взагалі можливо) досягти. Суспільне благо слід розуміти тут гранично широко, не як набір якихось конкретних матеріальних або духовних благ, а як те, що Арістотель називав "благим життям", заради якого люди, власне, і об’єднуються в суспільство і яке передбачає вищу ступінь індивідуальної і суспільної досконалості (в першу чергу, моральної). З огляду на те, що досягнення суспільного блага можливе лише за умови, що суспільство грунтується на ідеї справедливості, одним з центральних завдань політичної філософії стає теоретична експлікація саме цієї ідеї — дати пояснення, в чому вона має полягати і яким чином суспільство і держава можуть і повинні їй відповідати. Ця ідея виступає засадничою для інших суспільних цінностей, найважливіші з яких знайшли своє вираження в знаменитому гаслі Великої французької революції: "Свобода, рівність, братерство!". Залежно від того, яка цінність приймається як визначальна для розв’язання проблеми справедливості, можна виділити чотири основні напрями сучасної аналітичної політичної філософії: утилітаризм (користь), лібералізм (свобода), егалітаризм (рівність), комунітаризм (спільність). Згідно з утилітаризмом, в основі справедливості, як і будь-яких інших понять моральної і політичної філософії, лежить принцип корисності. Соціально-політичні концепції ліберального типу визнають свободу за основну політичну цінність. Теорії егалітаризму розрізняються між собою залежно від концепції рівності, яку вони приймають. Відповідно до уявлень комунітаризму, в центрі політико-філософського розгляду взагалі і концепції соціальної справедливості зокрема повинні знаходитися не окремі індивіди, а спільноти людей і суспільство загалом.
Коли не працює критичне мислення і для чого нам здоровий глузд
Authors: Kozachenko Nadiia
Published: February 2021

Ідея критичного мислення набрала популярності, оскільки людина потребує методів якісної і швидкої обробки інформації. Але критичне мислення спрацьовує не завжди. Каркас методів, не наповнений достатнім знаннєвим змістом, не є самодостатнім і не вирішує проблему орієнтації в умовах надлишку інформації, факти залежать від інтерпретації, а не все в людському світі піддається систематизації. Раціональність, впорядкованість і систематичність в людській діяльності представлені на досить високих масштабах і виступають скоріш орієнтирами, але не опорою у повсякденності. Буденне сприйняття інформації передбачає швидке реагування і тим самим відрізняється від якісного розмірковування, якого потребує критичне мислення. Відтак, найчастіше стереотип виявляється набагато кращим помічником, аніж критична настанова, яка часто реалізується ретроспективно. Таким чином, критичне мислення має певні перешкоди. Ці перешкоди можуть бути подолані за допомогою використання здорового глузду. Порівняно з критичним мисленням здоровий глузд постає не настільки раціональним і методичним, але не менш важливим чинником оцінки інформації і прийняття рішень та суттєвим чинником суспільності. Здоровий глузд постає як певне відчуття власної адекватності і доречності у суспільних практиках, дозволяє здійснювати суб’єктивні судження, що є загальними для всіх, відображає почуття суспільного блага і спільного інтересу. Здоровий глузд виконує важливу функцію усвідомлення загальної норми, регулює допустимі відхилення від неї, а в індивідуальному плані постає передумовою людської здатності до усвідомлення нормальності. У гносеологічному аспекті здоровий глузд продукує відправні і кінцеві точки міркування, забезпечує можливість досягнення інтерсуб’єктивного знання, а також відіграє роль своєрідного методу пізнання, в основі якого лежить простота, природність і доступність.
МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ТРАНСКРИПЦИОННОГО ПУЗЫРЯ В ПЛАЗМИДЕ PPF1 И ЕЕ МОДИФИКАЦИЯХ. СВЯЗЬ МЕЖДУ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИМ ПРОФИЛЕМ ПЛАЗМИДЫ И НАПРАВЛЕНИЕМ ТРАНСКРИПЦИИ
Authors:   Институт биофизики клетки РАН - обособленное подразделение ФИЦ «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований РАН», Гриневич А.А. , Масулис И.С. ,   Институт биофизики клетки РАН - обособленное подразделение ФИЦ «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований РАН», Якушевич Л.В. ,   Институт биофизики клетки РАН - обособленное подразделение ФИЦ «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований РАН»
Published: February 2021

C использованием нелинейного уравнения синус-Гордона и его решения - кинка - моделировали и изучали динамику транскрипционного пузыря в плазмиде pPF1. На основе рассчитанного энергетического профиля плазмиды pPF1 и ее модификаций было показано, что минимальная потенциальная энергия формирования кинка или нуклеации транскрипционного пузыря соответствует области между генами белков Egfp и mCherry. Вставка в область между Egfp и mCherry однородных последовательностей показала, что кинк с большей вероятностью активируется в polyT или polyC по сравнению с polyA или polyG, что свидетельствует о зависимости нуклеации транскрипционного пузыря от физической массы оснований. В случае вставок в область между Egfp и mCherry небольших фрагментов природной последовательности Escherichia coli модель позволяет выявить нити ДНК с наибольшей вероятностью нуклеации транскрипционного пузыря и соответственно определить направление (в сторону гена Egfp или mCherry) транскрипции, что говорит о связи между направлением транскрипции и энергетическим профилем плазмиды.
НЕПРЕРЫВНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ТРЕХ СЦЕНАРИЕВ ИНФЕКЦИОННОГО ПРОЦЕССА ПРИ ФАКТОРАХ ЗАПАЗДЫВАНИЯ ИММУННОГО ОТВЕТА
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский институт информатики и автоматизации PАН, Переварюха А.Ю.
Published: February 2021

Рассмотрены модели развития инфекции как регулируемые нелинейные процессы. Актуальным вопросом для анализа оказались существенные различия в динамике протекания вызванного коронавирусом нового заболевания. Множество факторов рассматриваются как причины явления, когда инфекция протекает столь вариативно у разных людей и распространяется в локальных популяциях с различной скоростью. Репликация копий вируса в зараженных им клетках и выработка ответа от иммунных клеток организма это два взаимообусловленных процесса с последействием и зависящие от предшествующих состояний. Моделирование их свойств требует получения разных сценариев без возмущений параметров. Важнейшим фактором является эффективность иммунного ответа, включающая время реакции трех компонентов сложнейшей системы организма. Нами предложено вычислительное описание сценариев развития инфекции на основе уравнения с двумя параметрами запаздывания. Переходы между фазами течения инфекционного заболевания в модели обусловлены аспектами уровня первичного заражения и запаздывающей реакции при выработки иммунного ответа...
ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ РЕАКЦИИ ПЕРЕКИСНОГО ОКИСЛЕНИЯ ЛИПИДОВ ПРИ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИИ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ НЕТЕПЛОВОЙ ИНТЕНСИВНОСТИ В ПРЕНАТАЛЬНОМ ПЕРИОДЕ
Authors:   Институт физиологии им. А.И. Караева НАН Азербайджана, Ибрагимова Ж.М. , Гаджиев А.М. ,   Институт физиологии им. А.И. Караева НАН Азербайджана, Ибрагимов А.Ш. ,   Лицо Публичного Права объединение СМЭ и ПА Минздрава Азербайджанской Республики
Published: February 2021

Исследовано состояние редокс-гомеостаза в хрусталиках глаз у крольчат (породы «Шиншилла») первого месяца жизни, которых во время внутриутробного развития подвергали сочетанному воздействию гипоксии и электромагнитного излучения нетепловой интенсивности. Взрослые самки кроликов (12 особей) были разделены поровну на опытную и контрольную группы. После спаривания беременных животных из опытной группы в течение шести суток подвергали гипоксии и облучали электромагнитным излучением, а контрольную группу подвергали ложному облучению без гипоксии. После рождения крольчат из них также были сформированы соответствующие контрольная и опытная группы. Крольчат забивали на 20-е и 30-е сутки после рождения и изымали у них хрусталики глаз. Об интенсивности перекисного окисления липидов в хрусталике глаз судили по накоплению молекулярного продукта перекисного окисления липидов малонового диальдегида. Было установлено, что реакции перекисного окисления липидов в хрусталиках крольчат подвержены сдвигу в сторону окисления в связи со сбоем в механизме антиоксидантной защиты. Тем самым было определено, что процессы, приводящие к смещению редокс-гомеостаза, которые запускаются во внутриутробной стадии животных, продолжают негативно сказываться и в постнатальном периоде. Степень изменений в протекании процессов перекисного окисления липидов на 20-е и 30-е сутки постнатального периода почти не отличаются.
Modern agriculture technologies and equipment - trends of an AGRITECHNIKA 2019 exhibition
Authors: Izmaylov A. Y.U , Lobachevskiy Y. A.P , Dorokhov A. S , Sibirev A. V , Kryuchkov V. A , Sazonov N. V
Published: February 2021

The world largest specialized international agricultural exhibition AGRITECHNICA 2019 took place in Germany on 10-16th of November, 2019 at the Deutsche Messe exhibition hall in Hannover. The exhibition hall covered an area of over 320,000 m² and included 28 sites. All the world-leading companies in the industry were represented at the exhibition. Around 600 new companies used this international market platform to introduce their products. The slogan of the exhibition AGRITECHNICA 2019 is: Global Farming - Local Responsibility. About 300 new products were registered during the exhibition. The electromechanical gearbox EAutoPower was awarded by gold medal. Other 39 winners were awarded by silver medals. The exposition mostly included models of self-propelled traction and harvesting machinery, as well as machinery for tillage and crop care. Special attention was paid to improvement of the undercarriage systems and particularly to removable tracked running systems for tractors and other self-propelled vehicles with its tracked and wheeled-tracked embodiment versions. Almost every company showed different kinds of automation and robotization solutions for partial operations in agriculture, both for basic tillage and weed control. The big attention is drawn to the significant contribution of the results of cooperation of individual manufacturers to the formation of the overall image of the exhibition. Labor decentralization tendencies to achieve the best results by both complete machines production and separate components release were noted. The domestic manufacturer Rostselmash received particular acknowledgment by winning a silver medal for the development of night vision system RSM Night Vision. Everything mentioned above allows us to conclude that, undoubtedly, the level of technical and technological preparation of agricultural machinery and equipment is increasing, which entails an expansion of the technological component of agricultural work.
THE FRACTAL SCALE-INVARIANT STRUCTURE OF A TEMPORAL HIERARCHY IN THE RELAXATION PROCESSES
Authors: Chovnyuk Yu. V. , Diachenko L. A. , Ivanov Ye. O. , Dichek N. P. , Orel O. V.
Published: February 2021

The phenomena of elastic aftereffects during loading/unloading of viscoelastic and capillary-porous bodies, relaxation of their stresses is accompanied by the energy accumulation and dissipation to be taken into account in the theory of oscillations which also considers the behavior of materials when the force is applied to them, the elastic aftereffect and stress relaxation forms ostensibly opposite energy processes that’s why the main problem to one is to understand and discovery laws for such aftereffects. The goal of the research to show that the distribution of relaxation time in viscoelastic and capillary-porous media may have a scale-invariant structure and that the indirect confirmation of the scale invariance of relaxation time hierarchy can be the principle of temperature-time superposition according to which the experimental relaxation functions obtained for different temperatures can be combined with each other using the appropriate coordinate axes stretching. We used methods of viscoelastic theory, fractal analysis and methods of mathematical physics. So, in this paper, an attempt has been made to harmonize both these theories and numerous experiments on the destruction of materials described in the academic literature. It is shown that the hierarchy of times determining shear and bulk relaxation in viscoelastic/capillary-porous medium has a fractal structure and it was observed that the presence of time fractality eases the modeling of viscoelastic/capillary-porous bodies resulting in the universal relaxation function of a rather simple kind.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE RECOGNITION ALGORITHM OF A HUMAN VOICE
Authors: Mamyrbayev O. , Karelova A.
Published: February 2021

Speech recognition has various applications, including human-machine interaction, sorting phone calls by gender classification, categorizing videos with tags, and so on. Currently, machine learning is a popular field that is widely used in various fields and applications, taking advantage of the latest developments in digital technologies and the advantages of data storage capabilities from electronic media. In this article, we will focus on voice gender recognition for a class of text-dependent systems using the Dynamic time distortion (DTW) algorithm and for a class of text-independent systems, the Gaussian mixture model. With this method, it is possible to distinguish a person's voice with the highest accuracy, since the components of Gaussian mixtures can simulate the personality of the voice. The article presents the results of testing the algorithm, and concludes that the Gaussian mixture model is applicable to solving the problem of identifying a person by voice.
CLASSIFICATION OF PEOPLE BY PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSONALITY TYPES BASED ON THE HISTORY OF CORRESPONDENCE
Authors: Ryskulbek S. , Mamyrbayev O. , Turganbayeva A.
Published: February 2021

Temperament is a set of innate tendencies of the mind associated with the processes of perception, analysis and decision-making. The purpose of this article is to predict the psychotype of individuals based on chat stories and follow the Keirsi model, according to which the psycho type is classified as a craftsman, guardian, idealist and mind. The proposed methodology uses a version of LIWC, a dictionary of words, to analyze the context of words and uses supervised learning using KNN, SVM, and Random Forest algorithms to train the classifier. The average accuracy obtained was 88.37% for artisan temperament, 86.92% for caregivers, 55.61% for idealists, and 69.09% for rationality. When using the binary classifier, the average accuracy was 90.93% for artisan temperament, 88.98% for caregivers, 51.98% for idealism, and 71.42% for rationality.
INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR PEOPLE WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Nurakhov Y.S. , Kami A.E.
Published: February 2021

The article presents the development of an information system for recognizing voice into text for people with hearing impairments, which makes it possible to improve the quality of life and interaction in society with other people. The device, software, functional blocks and subsystems of the information system are described. Examples of possible application and placement of the system in various spheres of public life are given. One of the types of implementation of the voice recognition information system is described. The development and creation of prototypes of a device for people with hearing impairments is considered. In the course of the research, the Google Speech Api technology was selected for speech recognition. In addition, this article presents a software and hardware complex that allows you to translate speech into text and then display it on the screen. Arduino UNO-based devices were chosen to achieve the goal. All information is processed on the smartphone of people with hearing impairments, which is sent to the device via Bluetooth with Arduino.
NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS OF THERMOVISCOELASTICITY
Authors: Bukenov M. , Mukhametov Ye.
Published: February 2021

This paper considers the numerical implementation of two-dimensional thermoviscoelastic waves. The elastic collision of an aluminum cylinder with a two-layer plate of aluminum and iron is considered. In work [1] the difference schemes and algorithm of their realization are given. The most complete reviews of the main methods of calculation of transients in deformable solids can be found in [2, 3, 4], which also indicates the need and importance of generalized studies on the comparative evaluation of different methods and identification of the areas of their most rational application. In the analysis and physical interpretation of numerical results in this work it is also useful to use a priori information about the qualitative behavior of the solution and all kinds of information about the physics of the phenomena under study. Here is the stage of evolution of contact resistance of collision – plate, stress profile.
Effect and Durability of Eight-Week of Core Stability Training on Body Balance and Force of Direct Foot Kick in Young Men Jeet Kune Do (Wushu) Players With Somatotype Emphasis
Authors:   Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Soltani Shirazi Majid i , Sadeghi Heydar ,   Department of Sport Biomechanics and Injury, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Objective: Since direct foot kick is one of the most important strikes in Jeet Kune Do, its effectiveness depends on both the force of the hit and balance control during and after the hit execution, this study undertaken to examine the effect and persistence of eight-week of core stability training on balance and force of a direct foot kick of elite young male Jeet Kune Do (Wushu) athletes. Methods: 24 elite young Jeet Kune Do athletes were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control groups. The experimental group performed the core stability training program for eight consecutive weeks. Static (stork test), dynamic test (tandem test) and force of a direct foot kick of the athletes in both groups were measured in three stages including before, after (eight weeks of core stability training) and a 4-week follow-up detraining period. Results: The results showed that core stability training had a significant and persistent effect on static and dynamic balance. However, the training program had no significant effect on the force production of a direct foot kick after a 4-week of detraining period. Conclusion: It seems that the core stability training program improves the neuromuscular system function by strengthening the muscles of the core area. This in turn prevents the dislocation of the center of gravity outside the base of support and decreases its oscillation (displacement), therefore, as a result of persistence effect of the program, balance ability and direct kicking power improves.
Development of Nurses’ Beliefs and Attitudes Towards Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire and its Psychometric Evaluation
Authors:   Trauma Nursing Research Centre, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Kaviani Nafiseh , Tagharrobi Zahra ,   Trauma Nursing Research Centre, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Sharifi Khadijeh ,   Trauma Nursing Research Centre, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Sooki Zahra ,   Trauma Nursing Research Centre, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Objective Due to the impact of the beliefs and attitudes on clinical practice, it is necessary to measure the beliefs and attitudes of nurses towrads the use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in patient care. This study aimed for development and psychometric evaluation of Nurses’ Beliefs and Attitudes towards CAM Questionnaire (NBACQ) for Iranian population. Methods In this methodological study, based on Waltz et al.’s approach and the constructs of the theory of planned behavior, the initial version of NBACQ was designed, and its face and content validity were assessed. Participants were 250 eligible clinical nurses in Kashan, Iran selected using a stratified random sampling method in 2018 after obtaining informed written consent from them. Construct validity of the tool was evaluated by factor analysis and known-groups method, and its reliability was assessed by measuring its internal consistency and stability as well as the ceiling and floor effects. Data were analyzed in SPSS by using exploratory factor analysis, ANOVA, Cronbach’s alpha and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results The initial version of NBACQ had 60 items. In the face and content validity assessment stage, 4 items were eliminated. Factor analysis yielded 6 factors by eliminating 14 items (Explained Variance=52.3%). There was a significant relationship between the NBACQ score and the nurses’ agreement with the use of CAM in clinical practice (F=6.85, P<0.0001). Cronbach’s alpha and ICC values were obtained 0.878 and 0.973, respectively. The standard error of measurement and the smallest detectable change were calculated ±14.685 and 10.62, respectively. The frequency of minimum and maximum possible NBACQ scores was zero. Conclusion The 42-item NBACQ can be used as a valid and reliable tool for assessing the nurses’ beliefs and attitudes towards CAM.
Antimicrobial Effect of Zataria Essential Oil on the Skin Bacteria in Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Biology, PayameNoor University, Tehran, Iran., Faramarz Isfahanian Soheila , Sadrnia Maryam ,   Department of Biology, PayameNoor University, Tehran, Iran., Nasri Sima ,   Department of Biology, PayameNoor University, Tehran, Iran., Sobhanian Hamid ,   Department of Biology, PayameNoor University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Objective: Zataria is one of the native plants of Iran which is widely used for the treatment of diseases among Iranians. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial effects of Zataria essential oil on the skin bacteria in rats. Methods: Bacterial strains were isolated from the skin of 6 wistar rats and the antimicrobial effects of Zataria essential oil were evaluated by disk diffusion and microbroth dilution methods. In-vivo tests were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of the essential oil by microbial culture as well as allergy tests on the skin of experimental rats compared to controls. Results: Three bacterial strains were isolated from the skin of rats identified as Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Minimum Growth Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) for the two strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium were obtained 0.39 and 0.78 mg/ml, while for Staphylococcus epidermidis, they were 0.195 and 0.39 mg/ml, respectively. In-vivo test results showed the antibacterial effect of the essential oil on the skin bacteria and no inflammatory effects were observed under the allergy test. Conclusion: Zataria essential oil has antimicrobial effects on the skin infections in lower concentrations. The use of this essential oil as an antiseptic and preservative in cosmetics is recommended instead of chemical preservatives that generally have skin side effects.
The Effect of Computer-based Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy on Difficulties in Emotion-regulation among Students With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran., Mayeli Mitra , Abolmaali Alhosseini Khadijeh ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran., Nokani Mostafa ,   Depratment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Talepasand Siavash ,   vDepartment of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation therapy on difficulties in emotional regulation among students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methods: Participants were 24 students with ADHD (12 boys and 12 girls) studying in 6-9th grades during 2018-19 at schools located in District 7 of Tehran, Iran. They were selected using a purposive sampling method and based on inclusion/exclusion criteria and then randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. Data collection tool was the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) completed at pre-test, post-test, and follow-up phases. Experimental group received computer-based cognitive rehabilitation therapy for 10 weeks (20 sessions, two sessions per week, each for 30 minutes). Data were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA in SPSS V. 26 software. Results: All subscales of DERS were significantly improved after intervention which had a medium-to-large effect size. Conclusion: Computer-based cognitive rehabilitation therapy can help treat difficulties in emotional regulation and improve performance of students with ADHD.
Effect of Aerobic Exercise Combined With Stevia Extract Supplementation on Selected Liver Enzymes in Diabetic Rats
Authors:   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran., Akbari Abdollah , Tadibi Vahid ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran., Behpoor Naser ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Objective: Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with a wide range of liver diseases. The levels of liver enzymes such as Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are changed following a liver disease The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise combined with Stevia extract supplementation on the levels of ALT and AST enzymes in diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 males wistar rats weighing 150-220 g were used. Animals were randomly divided into five groups; healthy control , diabetic control, diabetic + exercise, diabetic + stevia, and diabetic + exercise + stevia. The extract was administered by oral gavage for 6 weeks. The aerobic exercise program was performed for six weeks, 5 days per week. At the end of the intervention, blood samples were collected from the heart of rats to measure the levels of ALT and AST. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: The levels of ALT and AST enzymes decreased significantly in all experimental groups compared to diabetic control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Aerobic exercise combined with stevia extract supplementation can improve the liver function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Toxicity Effects of Intraperitoneal Injection of Biochemical Nanosilver on Cardiac Tissue Structure Following Aerobic Training in Male Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran., Javaheri Houshi Forogh , Abbassi-Daloii Asieh ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran., Abdi Ahmad ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran., Ziaolhagh Seyed Javad ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Aims Silver nanoparticles are among the most valuable products of nanoscale technology, widely used in various sciences. The present study investigated the effects of biochemical silver nanoparticles on the structure of the heart tissue of non-observatory rats in the course of aerobic training. Methods & Materials In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats aged 8 to 12 weeks and weighing 34.9±202 g were studied. The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of control, aerobic training, aerobic training, and nanobiological injection, aerobic and-nanochemical injection, nanobiological injection, and nanochemical injection. Chemical and biological silver was injected intraperitoneally after a period of aerobic training. The specimens were discarded after 48 hours, and the heart tissue was removed. Findings The obtained results revealed the tissue changes, including irregularities and the convergence of chemical nanosilver group significantly increased, compared to the controls. Additionally, in the biological group, there was a slight dispersion of blood in some areas. Following the aerobic training and injection of toxic nanosilver, there was no irregularities, detachment, and hypertension. Only in some areas, sporadically, the accumulation of blood cells was observed in the aerobic training and nanochemical groups. Conclusion More tissue damage occurred in chemical silver nanoparticles, than the biological nanoparticle. Possibly, aerobic training can be highly predictive of these effects.
Marital Commitment and Relationship Quality in Fertile and Infertile Couples
Authors:   Department of Family Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Tehran university, Tehran, Iran., Shahhossiani Tajik Saeed , Sayyadi Masoumah ,   Department of Family Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Tehran university, Tehran, Iran., Taheri Najmeh ,   Deptartment of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational, Tehran university, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Aims Infertility is among the main problems in a marriage. It is associated with various psychological consequences, including the inability to establish a quality couple relationship as well as an unstable marital commitment. The present study aimed to investigate marital commitment and the relationship quality in fertile and infertile couples in 2016-2017. Methods & Materials This was an analytical cohort study. The statistical population consisted of all couples admitting to Sarem subspecialty Hospital in 2016. Two hundred people (96 infertile, 104 fertile) have been randomly selected as the samples. The completed the marital commitment and the relation to quality scales. After checking the normality of the data, the statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Student t-test, and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). Findings The obtained data revealed a significant positive association between marital commitment and relationship quality in fertile and infertile couples (r=0.27 and r=0.18, respectively) (P<0.05). However, this association was stronger in the fertile couples, compared with the infertile ones (relationship quality and marital commitment: P<0.0121 and P<0.0416, respectively). Moreover, the Student t-test and MANOVA results indicated significant differences in relationship quality and marital commitment between the two groups (P<0.0001 and P<0.002, respectively). Conclusion Infertility reduces couples’ commitment and negatively affects the quality of their relationships.
Relationship Between Participatory Management With Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Commitment of Nurses in Hospitals Affiliated With Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Authors:   Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, Iran., Matlabi Mahnoosh , Fariborzi Elham ,   Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, Iran., Nasseri Nazia Sadat ,   Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Aims The present research was conducted in 2017-2018 with an aim to determin the relationship of participatory management style with Organizational Citizenship Behavior and organizational commitment of nurses in hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Methods & Materials The present research was a descriptive-correlational applied study. The statistical population of the study included all nurses working in hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and it was comprised of 3538 members. A one-step cluster sampling was used in the present research. Using Cochran formula, 347 members of this community were selected as samples. In order to collect data, standard participatory management (Choopani), Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Organ and Konovsky), and organizational commitment (Allen and Meyer) questionnaires were used. Cronbach’s Alpha showed that the values for reliability of the three questionnaire were 0.902, 0.7140 and 0.795, respectively. The validities of the three questionnaires were confirmed by content validity and construct validity. SPSS18 and LISREL software were used to analyze the data. Findings The findings of the research showed that the relationship between participatory management style and organizational citizenship behavior was positive and significant (P=0.62), and the relationship between participatory management style and organizational commitment was also positive and significant (p=0.48). Considering the value of path coefficient, it was concluded that politeness dimension and respect dimension of organizational citizenship behavior (P=0.65) and emotional commitment dimension (P=0.53) have the most intense relationships with participatory management style. Conclusion The final results of the research suggested that participatory management was in a significant positive relationship with all dimensions of citizenship behavior an also, with the three dimensions of organizational commitment. therefore, it is recommended that the managers of treatment and healthcare centers adopt participatory management style.
Comparing the Effects of Aloe Vera Leaf Extract On K562 Tumor Cell and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors:   Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shaddel Minoo , Shamsi Hamid ,   Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Tavakoli Payman ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran., Abtahi Foroushani Seyyed Meysam ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran., Shamsi Roya ,   Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Aims Aloe Vera is among the crucial medicinal plants, with proven anti-cancer effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of plant extracts of Aloe Vera Leaf (AVL) on the proliferation of cell lines K562 (erythroleukemia) and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs). Methods & Materials The inner parts of the plant, including the gelatinous substance, were emptied, and the outer layer was used to prepare the lyophilized extract. The extract was dissolved in DMSO. K562 cells and PBMCs were cultured with 9.375, 18.75, 37.5, 75, 150, and 300 μg/mL concentrations of AVL for 24, 48, or 72 hours. After cultivation, the IC50 was determined for the K562 and normal PBMCs, using the MTT assay (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide). Doxorubicin was used as a positive control. Findings The obtained data suggested that the viability of cells in both the leukemic cell line and normal PBMCs significantly decreased by the treatment with the extract in a dose-dependent manner; however, the AVL toxicity for PBMC was significantly more than K562. IC50 for the standard drug was also significantly less than AVL extract. Conclusion AVL possesses cytotoxic effects for K562 and PBMCs. Nevertheless, it has no selective benefits and has more cytotoxic effects on PBMCs.
Toxicity and Teratogenic Effects of Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles on Chick Embryo and Chick Fibroblast Cell Culture
Authors:   Department of Biology & Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran., Asadi Asadollah , Abdolmaleki Arash ,   Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran,   Department of Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, Sabalan University of Advanced Technologies, Namin, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Aims Nanoparticles (particles with a diameter of 10-500 nm) are currently used in the cosmetics industry as well as for pharmaceuticals, diagnostic imaging, and tissue engineering. Since these nanoparticles are used in industry and drug delivery, they can also be used by pregnant women. Thus, the current study investigated the teratogenic and cytotoxic effects of Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles on the embryo and their fibroblastic cell culture. Methods & Materials Zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles were synthesized. Then, nanoparticles at the concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 30, and 40 mg/mL/egg were injected into the air sac of the eggs in three replicates on the third day of incubation. Next, the treated and control eggs, on day 19 of incubation were opened, and embryos were weighted, and the relevant mortality rate was recorded. Fibroblast cells were isolated, cultured, and treated from the control embryo, and morphological changes and cell survival percentages were recorded. Findings The obtained results revealed that the embryos’ survival rate depends on the nanoparticle concentration. As a result, at the highest concentration, only 36.32% of the embryos survived, and the lethal dose 50% (LD50) was equal to 32.47 mg/egg. Morphological study of the treated embryos club foot and skeletal staining suggested the deletion of caudal vertebrate. The cytotoxicity study results of ZnS nanoparticles on fibroblastic cells indicated the survival fractions of 88.45%, 68.75%, and 49.32%, respectively, and its IC50 value was measured aas1460 μM. Conclusion The present study results suggested that ZnS nanoparticles had no significant toxic effects on the embryos and culture of chicken fibroblastic cells at low concentrations.
Effect of Eight Weeks of Concurrent Training on Liver Enzymes, Lipid Profile, and Insulin Resistance Among Overweight Male Children
Authors:   Department of Sports Science, School of Humanities, Islamic azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran., Khajeh Salehani Shahrirar , Alizadeh Rostam ,   Department of Sports Science, School of Literature and Humanities, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
Published: February 2021

Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of combined exercise training (aerobic-resistance) on liver enzymes, lipid profile, and insulin resistance among overweight boys. Methods & Materials Thirty-two healthy overweight boys voluntarily agreed to take part in the study following the related announcement. The overweight children were randomly divided into control (n=16) and experimental groups (n=16). The latter group performed Concurrent training for eight weeks, three sessions per week, on non-consecutive days. In the same way as the experimental group, both before and after the eight weeks of training. In similar conditions, measurement were performed for both experimental and control groups in two stages (i.e. pre-test and after eight weeks of training). Findings The results of comparing pre- and post-exercise changes in the values for glucose, insulin, ALT, AST, and insulin resistance for the combined exercise training group showed a significant decrease when compared with those for the control group (p<0.05); however, the LDL and HDL values did not change significantly across groups (p>0.05). Conclusion In general, the results of this study showed that combined exercises (aerobic-resistance), by reducing the rest levels of liver enzymes, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and body composition indexes among 11- to 13-year-old boys, tended to be effective in decreasing the risks of being overweight and in preventing such diseases as obesity, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.