bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DAMPAK IMPLEMENTASI QUICK RESPONSE CODE INDONESIAN STANDARD (QRIS) DALAM FUNDRAISING ZAKAT INFAQ SADAQAH (ZIS) DI BADAN AMIL ZAKAT NASIONAL (BAZNAS) KABUPATEN CIREBON --- PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Mustaqim Dede Al Mustaqim , Yasin Ahmad Alamuddin
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak implementasi QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) dalam pengumpulan dana Zakat, Infaq, dan Sadaqah (ZIS) di Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (Baznas) Kabupaten Cirebon dari perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah. Pengembangan metode pembayaran digital yang efektif dalam pengumpulan dana ZIS menjadi penting untuk memastikan efisiensi, keadilan, dan keamanan dalam transaksi elektronik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi QRIS dalam fundraising ZIS di Baznas Kabupaten Cirebon memiliki dampak positif. QRIS mempercepat proses pembayaran, meningkatkan efisiensi, dan mendorong partisipasi masyarakat yang lebih luas. Selain itu, implementasi QRIS juga mendukung redistribusi kekayaan yang lebih adil dalam masyarakat. Namun, ada juga dampak negatif yang perlu diperhatikan, seperti eksklusi digital, kerentanan privasi, dan risiko penyalahgunaan teknologi. Dalam perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, keadilan, redistribusi kekayaan, keadilan dalam mekanisme pembayaran, dan prinsip-prinsip Muamalah harus menjadi pertimbangan utama dalam implementasi QRIS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disarankan kepada Baznas Kabupaten Cirebon untuk terus meningkatkan literasi digital masyarakat, memperkuat perlindungan privasi dan keamanan data, serta memperluas metode pembayaran lainnya untuk memastikan akses yang inklusif bagi seluruh lapisan masyarakat.
Determination Of Factors That Influence Employee Performance
Authors: Lestarina Ayu , Safitri Handayu
Published: May 2024

The objective of this research is to examine empirical data demonstrating how a leader's style affects work discipline and employee performance. This research employed a census methodology, using 150 employees of PT. SurajBraja Cukup Rupiah as respondents, representing the entire population. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is the data analysis method used. The findings demonstrated that work discipline and employee performance were positively and significantly influenced by leadership style. While employee performance is not directly impacted by a leader's style, it is indirectly affected. These findings demonstrate that increased work discipline and staff performance follow from a stronger leadership style. Optimal performance can be improved by firm leadership exercising more discipline in the workplace.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM BIẾN THỂ GIẢI PHẪU ĐA GIÁC WILLIS TRÊN CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH 64 DÃY Ở BỆNH NHÂN CÓ VÀ KHÔNG CÓ ĐỘT QUỴ NÃO
Authors: Nguyễn Duy Toàn , Vũ Văn Sơn , Lành Mỹ Duyên , Phùng Anh Tuấn
Published: May 2024

Mục tiêu: Xác định đặc điểm các biến thể của đa giác Willis trên cắt lớp vi tính (CLVT) 64 dãy ở bệnh nhân (BN) có và không có đột quỵ não. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, mô tả cắt ngang trên 284 BN chụp CLVT trên máy 64 dãy, tại Khoa X-quang Chẩn đoán, Bệnh viện Quân y 103 từ tháng 3/2023 - 01/2024. Đánh giá các biến thể theo phân loại của Chen HW. Mô tả đặc điểm hình ảnh, so sánh các týp biến thể với giới tính. Kết quả: Biến thể gặp nhiều nhất ở phần trước là thiểu sản A1 (10,6%), trong khi phần sau gặp chủ yếu là thiểu sản động mạch (ĐM) thông sau (35,9%). Trong phần trước, gặp nhiều nhất là týp A (70,1%), týp H (16,5%) và týp G (6,7%). Trong phần sau, gặp nhiều nhất là týp D (27,8%), týp A (24,3%) và týp E (23,2%). Vòng Willis đầy đủ chiếm 31,3%. Không có mối liên quan giữa hình dạng vòng Willis với giới tính. Kết luận: Vòng tuần hoàn đa giác Willis có nhiều biến thể, dạng đầy đủ của vòng chiếm tỷ lệ thấp.
ĐỘC TÍNH ĐƠN LIỀU VÀ ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH ẢNH PET/CT CỦA DƯỢC CHẤT PHÓNG XẠ GALLIUM-68 PSMA I&T TRÊN ĐỘNG VẬT THỰC NGHIỆM
Authors: Nguyễn Quốc Thắng , Phạm Đăng Tùng , Hán Tuấn Ngọc , Nguyễn Thị Kim Dung , Mai Hồng Sơn , Lê Ngọc Hà
Published: May 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá đặc điểm hình ảnh PET/CT và độc tính đơn liều trên động vật thí nghiệm đối với dược chất phóng xạ Gallium 68-PSMA I&T (68Ga-PSMA I&T) sản xuất từ module tự động iQS-TS (ITM, Đức) lắp đặt tại Khoa Y học hạt nhân, Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Dược chất phóng xạ 68Ga-PSMA I&T sản xuất từ module tổng hợp iQS-TS. Động vật thí nghiệm được sử dụng là chuột nhắt trắng chủng Swiss và thỏ trắng chủng NewZealand. Kết quả: Tại thời điểm sau 24 giờ và 14 ngày sau khi tiêm dược chất phóng xạ 68Ga-PSMA I&T với liều 10 mCi/kg cân nặng, không ghi nhận tổn thương về mặt đại thể và vi thể trên chuột thí nghiệm. Hình ảnh PET/CT tại thời điểm 60 phút sau khi tiêm dược chất phóng xạ có độ sắc nét và tương phản cao, tập trung tại các cơ quan theo đặc điểm sinh lý. Kết luận: Không ghi nhận độc tính đơn liều trên mô hình chuột nhắt khi được tiêm liều cao dược chất phóng xạ 68Ga-PSMA I&T sản xuất từ module tự động iQS-TS. Hình ảnh 68Ga-PSMA I&T PET/CT trên thỏ phù hợp với đặc điểm sinh lý của thỏ và đặc điểm dược động học của dược chất phóng xạ.
U THẦN KINH ĐỆM THÂN NÃO: DỰ ĐOÁN PHÂN ĐỘ MÔ HỌC DỰA TRÊN HÌNH ẢNH CỘNG HƯỞNG TỪ THƯỜNG QUY
Authors: Tạ Văn Lâm , Lê Thanh Dũng , Nguyễn Duy Hùng
Published: May 2024

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát giá trị của các đặc điểm cộng hưởng từ (CHT) trong phân biệt u thần kinh đệm thân não (UTKĐTN) bậc thấp và bậc cao. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 36 bệnh nhân (BN) (20 trẻ em, 16 người lớn) với giải phẫu bệnh là UTKĐTN, khảo sát đặc điểm hình ảnh UTKĐTN trên CHT thường quy, xác định độ nhạy, độ đặc hiệu của các dấu hiệu giúp phân biệt bậc thấp và bậc cao. Kết quả: Ở trẻ em, dấu hiệu vị trí trung não, màng mái, xâm lấn não thất bốn, khu trú, nang gợi ý bậc thấp với độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu lần lượt là 83,3 % và 71,4%, 50% và 100%, 50% và 92,9%, 33,3% và 100%, 50% và 92,9%. Dấu hiệu lan tỏa và chảy máu gợi ý bậc cao với độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu là 100% và 33,3%, 64,3% và 100%. Ở người lớn, chảy máu gợi ý bậc cao với độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu là 50% và 100%. Kết luận: Ở trẻ em, đặc điểm vị trí ở trung não, màng mái, tổn thương khu trú, xâm lấn não thất bốn, nang gợi ý UTKĐTN bậc thấp; đặc điểm lan tỏa, chảy máu gợi ý UTKĐTN bậc cao. Ở người lớn, đặc điểm chảy máu gợi ý UTKĐTN bậc cao.
GIÁ TRỊ CỦA CỘNG HƯỞNG TỪ KHUẾCH TÁN TRONG CHẨN ĐOÁN PHÂN BIỆT U NGUYÊN BÀO TỦY VÀ U MÀNG NÃO THẤT VÙNG HỐ SAU Ở TRẺ EM
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Điệp , Phạm Thị Phương , Nguyễn Duy Hùng
Published: May 2024

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát giá trị khuếch tán biểu kiến (apparent diffusion value - ADC) của cộng hưởng từ (CHT) trong phân biệt u màng não thất (UMNT) và u nguyên bào tủy (UNBT). Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu trên 64 bệnh nhi có khối u não vùng hố sau được sinh thiết và phẫu thuật chẩn đoán giải phẫu bệnh là UMNT hoặc UNBT, được chụp CHT sọ não có tiêm thuốc đối quang từ tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Việt Đức và Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương từ tháng 01/2020 - 12/2023. Đánh giá các thông số biểu đồ ADC (mean, max, min) theo phương pháp đặt VOI (volume of interest) toàn bộ phần đặc của u. Kết quả: Các giá trị ADC mean và ADC min giúp chẩn đoán phân biệt u màng não thất và u nguyên bào tủy với p = 0,01; trong đó, dựa vào giá trị ADC mean (AUC 0,911) chẩn đoán tốt hơn giá trị ADC min (AUC 0,43), tại giá trị cut-off ADC mean là 844 x 10-6 m2/s cho chẩn đoán phân biệt hai loại u có độ nhạy (Se) và độ đặc hiệu (Sp) lần lượt là 94% và 83%; tại giá trị cut-off ADC min là 487 x 10-6 mm2/s cho chẩn đoán phân biệt hai loại u có Se và Sp lần lượt là 75% và 90%. Kết luận: Các giá trị ADC mean và ADC min tại phần đặc của u có ý nghĩa trong phân biệt UMNT và UNBT.
Performance of Enriched Organic Manures on Head Quality, Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Economics of Sprouting Broccoli (Brassica oleracea Var. italica)
Authors: V Sindhu , Chatterjee Ranjit , G M Santhoshkumar , Ramesh Eggadi
Published: May 2024

The present field experiment was carried out to study the performance of enriched organic manures containing farmyard manure, vermicompost and poultry manure on head quality, nutrient uptake and economics of sprouting broccoli during 2018-19 and 2019-20 at UBKV, West Bengal, India, which comprised of 8 treatment combinations in randomized block design with 3 replications. The results of the field experiment showed that the use of Azophos biofertilizer enriched vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha along with Azophos biofertilizer enriched poultry manure @ 2.5 t/ha as basal + top dressing of Azophos biofertilizer enriched vermicompost @ 0.5 t/ha along with Azophos biofertilizer enriched poultry manure @ 0.5 t/ha each (T7) significantly improved the head yield (20.47 t/ha) and superior head quality in terms of the maximum TSS (8.14°Brix), vitamin A (288.97 IU/100 g) and vitamin C (90.00 mg/100 g) of organic broccoli. The greatest benefit to cost ratio (1.93) was also obtained from the treatment T7. Hence, the treatment T7 can be recommended for sustainable production of organic sprouting broccoli under terai region of West Bengal.
PERBANDINGAN METODE DEMONSTRASI DAN METODE DISKUSI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP TRIGONOMETRI PADA SISWA KELAS X SMASWASTA KAMPUS TELUK DALAM
Authors: Laia Irman Imawan
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the comparison of demonstration methods and discussion methods in increasing understanding of trigonometry concepts in Class X SMA Swasta Teluk Dalam. This research uses a type of quantitative research, namely experimental class 1 using the demonstration method and experimental class 2 using the discussion method. The population in experimental class 1 is class X-A of the SMA Swasta Teluk Dalam, totaling 30 students, while the population in experimental class 2 is class X-B of the SMA Swasta Teluk Dalam the totaling 28 students. Results of the research stated that in experimental class 1 by carrying out the pretest the average learning outcome was 58,28 and the posttest obtained an average learning outcome of 73,41. Meanwhile, in experimental class 2, the pretest obtained an average learning result of 57,85 and the posttest obtained an average learning result of 61,32. So, there is a comparison of the demonstration method with the discussion method. The conclusion of the research based on hypothesis test calculations is that tcount = 2.74 is greater than ttable = 2.004 with a significance of 5% because tcount > ttable then Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected, which means the research shows that there is a difference in understanding the concept of trigonometry between students taught using the demonstration method and students who are taught using the discussion method in class X of the SMA Swasta Teluk Dalam. Students taught using the demonstration method tend to have better understanding than students taught using the discussion method. It is hoped that every subject teacher applies the demonstration method to improve students' learning abilities and students' understanding of concepts in Trigonometry material as well as to serve as a guide or reference for every reader or researcher who wants to write their next thesis.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 1 ULUSUSUA PADA MATERI KOORDINAT KARTESIUS
Authors: Mesrawati Ndruru
Published: May 2024

The problem of this research is the lack of ability to understand mathematical concepts of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Ulususua on Cartesian Coordinates material. The aim of this research is 1) To describe the ability to understand mathematical concepts of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Ulususua on Cartesian coordinates material through a test of the ability to understand mathematical concepts. 2) to find out students' obstacles in completing Cartesian coordinates material through a test of the ability to understand mathematical concepts. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The informants in this research were 22 students in class VIII of SMP Negeri 1 Ulususua. Based on the results of tests on the ability to understand mathematical concepts of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Ulususua on Cartesian coordinates material, it is known that the average student score is 45.55, which can be classified into several score categories, namely 1 person (5%) has a very good score, 2 good scores. people (9%), the fair score was 10 people (45%), the poor score category was 7 people (32%) and the very poor score was 2 people (9%). So it can be concluded that the ability to understand mathematical concepts of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Ulususua is dominant in the sufficient score category. The obstacles faced by students in completing the test are that students are less able to understand the concept of material and classify the concept of Cartesian coordinates in the questions, students are less able to develop their thinking regarding the concept of Cartesian coordinates, students do not understand the representation of the concept of Cartesian coordinates and students are less able to use algorithms. solve the problem correctly. Researchers suggest that students must understand the importance of the ability to understand mathematical concepts and teachers should pay attention to how important students' ability to understand mathematical concepts is in mathematics learning.
The course of the early recovery period after total arthroplasty in patients with diabetes
Authors: Zenkina  , Halushko
Published: May 2024

More than 20% of patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA) have diabetes mellitus (DM), which is one of the risk factors for complications in the postoperative period. The aim: to determine the peculiarities of the course of the postoperative period in patients with diabetes after TJA, in particular, after hip and knee arthroplasty (HKA).
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the inpatient charts of 50 patients who underwent HKA operations against the background of concomitant DM was performed. All patients were divided into two groups: 1) patients with hip arthroplasty, 2) patients with knee arthroplasty. The course of the intraoperative and postoperative (p/o) periods and the development of complications were analyzed.
The results. All patients were aged from 38 to 86 years, had increased weight (BMI — 26.0-29.42 kg/m). Among the complications, arterial hypertension was most often observed (in groups 64.0% and 68.0%, respectively), nausea and vomiting were often observed (32.0% and 28.0%, respectively), disturbances in the rhythm and depth of breathing (16.0% and 20.0% respectively). The need for analgesia in the p/o period was 96.0% and 100.0% of patients, which indicates insufficient quality of analgesia. Other clinical and anamnestic indicators, the course of the perioperative period and the development of complications were similar in patients undergoing both hip and knee replacement surgeries (p>0.05).
Conclusions. Clinical and anamnestic data, the spectrum of existing concomitant pathology, characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism and its disorders, features of the course of the perioperative period and detected complications were of the same type in patients regardless of the location of the intervention. There was no significant difference in the studied parameters (p>0.05). Identified complications and insufficient effectiveness of p/o analgesia dictates the need to find optimal methods of perioperative analgesia during HKA operations.
Continuity in Times of Change
Authors: Reimold Nadja
Published: May 2024

While much ink has been spilled over successions’ ramifications for international treaties and state debts, less attention has been paid to their effects on the internal law of states. When it comes to individual rights, this deficit represents a huge lacuna since a myriad of individual rights are still exclusively granted by state domestic law. This book fills the gap by exploring vast material from diverse succession scenarios since 1990 and detects general rules guiding the treatment of private rights when sovereignty changes. It represents a comprehensive and the only up-to-date work dealing with the general subject of ‘acquired rights’ in cases of state succession and presents innovative and thought-provoking ideas on the future handling of the topic.
Penilaian Kinerja Kepala Sekolah dalam Mewujudkan Akuntabilitas di SMPN 34 Surabaya
Authors: Savitri Salma , Pratama Selviana Alifvia Wahyu , Putra Sandi Mirza , Trihantoyo Syunu , Nuphanudin Nuphanudin
Published: May 2024

Assessing the performance of school principals as learning leaders is a necessity that can provide positive, constructive and productive value for school principals and schools in improving school accountability and quality. The performance assessment of school principals is carried out to provide input, guidance and professional development for school principals. The performance assessment of school principals provides information on a map of the strengths and weaknesses of each principal, as a basis for coaching, transfers, promotions and demotions. This research aims to examine how principal performance assessments are carried out in schools that implement an independent curriculum. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through interviews, observation and documentation from SMPN 34 SURABAYA. Observations were carried out to see directly the learning process, interactions and school environment based on the independent curriculum. Documentation is carried out to collect data related to the principal's performance assessment, such as instruments, procedures, results and follow-up. The assessment of the principal's performance also involves various parties, such as teachers, students, parents, school committees and the community. The conclusion of this research is that assessing the performance of school principals as learning leaders can encourage school accountability and quality in implementing the independent curriculum.
Pengaruh Citra Tubuh terhadap Kompetensi Interpersonal pada Remaja Laki-laki yang Mengikuti Member Gym di Kota Padang
Authors: Ghani Muhammad Farhan , Aulia Prima
Published: May 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of body image on interpersonal competence in young men who attend the gym in Padang City. This research uses quantitative methods with a correlational quantitative design. The data collection technique uses Accidental Sampling. The research sample consisted of 272 respondents. The research instrument uses an interpersonal competence scale which is based on aspects of interpersonal competence according to Buhrmester, et al (1998), as well as a body image scale based on aspects developed by Cash & Pruzinsky (2002). The results of the analysis used simple linear regression analysis and the results showed that body image had a positive and significant effect on interpersonal competence in teenage boys who attended the gym in Padang City.
Ready to Wear Semi Couture Style Dragon Kamasan Puppet Design for Adult Women's Evening Party Clothing
Authors: Pande Ni Kadek Dwiyatirta , Mudra I Wayan , Artayani Ida Ayu Gede
Published: May 2024

Bali has a basic philosophy whose inspiration comes from the comos-theos-antropos aging by integrating the teachings of Balinese Hinduism-Balinese nature and Balinese people as the basic orientation in all ideas and cultural artworks, resulting in a special attraction in each of its artworks. The data collection method was carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation, as well as design design using the Corel Draw 2020 design program. The research resulted in six ready-to-wear semi-couture fashion designs for adult women's evening parties. This fashion collection is named Reminiscence which means lifting the roots of local Balinese culture, namely the Kamasan Wayang dragon. These six designs are designed using shimmer silk, Balinese woven, and tulle. Kamasan puppet designs are applied to different positions in each design. The first group design in the first design, the Kamasan puppet dragon design position was applied to the front position of the chest circling back to the front pelvis. The second design position of the Kamasan puppet dragon design on woven cloth is tucked around the waist like a Balinese dancer's fashion shawl. The third design positions the dragon head design on the front chest fit. The second group of designs in the first design positions the Kamasan puppet dragon design on the elongated woven fabric. The second design scraped the position of the elongated design. Design the third design position on the chest fit. Fashion design is the dress for all six designs. The design character of the first group is feminine sexy and the design character of the second group is feminine elegant. Dress variations are bolero, obi, and blazer.
Inline battery foil inspection using strobed Photometric Stereo
Authors: Kapeller Christian , Blaschitz Bernhard , Bodenstorfer Ernst
Published: May 2024

Battery technology is a key component in current electric vehicle applications and an important building block for upcoming smart grid technologies. The performance of batteries depends largely on quality control in their production process. Defects introduced in the production of electrodes can lead to degraded performance and, more importantly, to short circuits that can cause accidents. In this contribution, we propose an inspection system that can detect defects, like missing coating, agglomerates, and pinholes on coated electrodes and acquire valuable production quality control metrics, like surface roughness. By employing Photometric Stereo (PS), a shape from shading algorithm, our system sidesteps difficulties that arise while optically inspecting the black to dark gray battery coating materials. We present in detail the acquisition concept of the proposed system, and analyze its acquisition-, as well as, its surface reconstruction performance. Further, we demonstrate the acquisition results of several common defect types that arise in foil production. Our system acquires at a production speed of 500 mm/s at a resolution of 50 μm per pixel resolution.
Isolation of Lactobacillus and Enzymatic Activity of Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) in Musa spp.
Authors: Waqar Afira , Shoaib Affhan , Sethi Aleema Ramzan , Hassan Khalid , Asghar Maryam , Anees Tanzeela
Published: May 2024

Background: Bananas grown in the tropic and subtropic regions are among the important crops worldwide. Banana is a general term embracing a number of species or hybrids in the genus Musa, family Musceae. Objective: The present research discusses extensively the breakthrough in the utilization of Musa i.e. Banana from its unripe to ripening phase in order to conclude the presence of Lactobacilli and enzymatic activity of Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR). DHFR, a ubiquitous enzyme, is involved in the metabolism and stability of folate (vitamin B9), and causes the reduction of dihydrofolate into tetrahydrofolate (folate or vit B9), which is utilized in amino acids and purine production. It has been studied that the deficiency of DHFR or its inhibition can lead to Megaloblastic anemia, Neural tube defects, improper synthesis of DNA and RNA, colorectal cancer, etc. The presence of the DHFR enzyme in bananas can be utilized in the treatment of diseases related to deficiency of folate, which can become a cheaper and cost-effective way to keep a balance in the folate metabolism and keep the activity of the enzyme maximum. Methodology: The fresh unripe banana samples were collected from an urban fruit market in Karachi, serially diluted, and inoculated into the Nutrient agar, Mannitol salt agar, and De Man, Rogosa, Sharpe agar media to check for microbial growth. The enzymatic activity of DHFR and its association with Musa was also checked by using DHFR substrate. Results: The results concluded from our experiment are that the Musa contains Gram-positive bacilli that were further tested to characterize the microorganism into its respective genus, indicating the presence of Lactobacillus in the banana. The enzymatic activity of DHFR was observed at maximum on day 2 and minimum enzymatic activity was observed on day 4. Conclusion: Hence, people suffering from folic acid deficiency, DHFR enzyme and consumption of day 2 bananas can be prescribed. Not only this, the presence of Lactobacilli as probiotics in bananas restore consumer’s intestinal microbial dysbiosis and maintain healthy intestinal ecosystem.  Furthermore, herbal medicines can be made from banana and given to patients in order to restore the deficiency.
The Cumulative Impacts of Emissions from Thermal Power Plants on the Air Quality of Karachi through AERMOD Modeling.
Authors: Jabbar Abdul , Hany Omme , Mansha M , Kazmi Syed Jamil Hasan , Khanum Farheen , Horanz Noreen
Published: May 2024

The quality of air emissions in Pakistani mega cities is one of the worst in the world. Urban air contamination is assessed to be responsible of 0.865 M unexpected losses consistently and about 60% of these passing’s happen in Asia, continuous increase in urbanization, industrialization and motorization caused a substantial rise in various air pollutants, which has notable impacts on human health and environment. Environmental Impact Assessment is mandatory for future projects in Pakistan, but Cumulative Impact Assessment (CIA) process is not available in the country, the mega city like Karachi needs strict criteria to overcome the air quality issue on priority basis therefore, AERMOD Model along with ArcGIS have been used to provide a practical CIA tool to Sindh Environmental Protection Agency. In this study five proposed thermal power plants of total 3440-50 MW were selected where two types of cumulative impacts were modeled. The short-term cumulative impacts of Nitrous Oxides (NOx) and Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) were considered as 1-h and 24- h, whereas long term were considered as annual. The results of NOx emissions were 170 μg/m3 for 1st percentile 1-h, 33 μg/m3 for 1st percentile 24-h and 1st percentile annual was 14.5 μg/m3. While the SO2 emissions were 199 μg/m3 for 1st percentile 1-h, 29.8 μg/m3 for 1st percentile 24-h and long-term 1st percentile annual was 7.5 μg/m3 respectively. All the limits are complying with national and international standards because, the wind speed (5-8 m/s) and wind direction has a substantial impact on flow field which results in lowering the ground level concentrations of the pollutants in the study area. This is further caused by the strong sea breeze from the Arabian Sea which is termed as blessing for the residents of the study area.
Physicochemical Analysis of Surface Water in Rohri Canal from Sukkur Barrage to Mehrabpur
Authors: Malik Rahat Ali , Samoon Naeem Akhtar , Hassan Waleed , Shaikh Benazir , Mustafa Alisha
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of domestic and industrial waste discharge on the surface water quality of Rohri Canal in the stretch of the canal from Sukkur Barrage to Mehrabpur town. Eight sampling points were selected along the canal focusing on canal locations near major settlements. The parameters studied were temperature, pH, turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, total dissolved solids and suspended solids, chlorides, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and E-coli. The average value of BOD and COD at the sampling stations were recorded as 212 mg/L and 423 mg/L respectively, which exceed the permissible surface water limits for drinking and irrigation purposes. The results indicate significantly higher value of BOD in sampling locations where there are major settlements and there is a continuous inflow of untreated sewage into the canal. The pH values at all the sampling sites were found within the drinking and irrigation water quality standards whereas the TDS values at only sampling stations (3 and 4) exceeded these limits. The turbidity values of the samples ranged from 237 to 821 NTU, exceeding the WHO drinking water quality standards for this parameter. The values of the water quality parameters including hardness (range 146 to 300 mg/L), chlorides (range 36 to 103 mg/L) and alkalinity (range 120 to 230 mg/L) were found well below the limits of WHO drinking water quality standards. The turbidity values of the samples ranged from 237 to 821 NTU and exceeded the WHO drinking water quality standards for this parameter. At all the sampling sites located near major settlements low levels of dissolved oxygen and the presence of E.coli were recorded. The results revealed that the continuous inflowing of untreated or un-treated sewage and industrial effluents into the canal has changed its physicochemical and biological characteristics, which make it unfit for human consumption and can have long-term irrevocable ecological threats if left unmanaged
GC/GC-MS analysis and biological activities of Lantana Camara Linn.
Authors: Ghafoor Riffat Abdul , Ayub Anjum , Ali Syed Nawazish , Wahab Aneela , Begum Sabira , Siddiqui Bina Shaheen , Tauseef Saima , Rajput Tariq
Published: May 2024

Medicinal plants have been a part of human history for thousands of years and are still used as healthcare throughout the world. The current research aims to explore the chemical constituents of the methanol soluble extract (LC-Me) and petroleum ether soluble fraction (LCM-PES) from the leaves of Lantana camara Linn by GC/ GC-MS. This chemical analysis revealed the existence of 16 and 23 phytoconstituents in LC-Me and LCM-PES respectively. The major constituents in LC-Me were found to beethyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate (31.9%), hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (12.6%), n-hexadecanoic acid (11.1%), linoleic acid ethyl ester (9.1%), squalene (8.7%), di-n-octyl phthalate (6.2%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- (4.2%), (E)-9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester (2.7%) andcyclopropanebutanoicacid,2-[[2-[[2-[(2-pentylcyclopropyl)methyl]cyclopropyl]methyl]cyclopropyl]methyl]-, methyl ester  (2.3%). The chief bioactive compounds in petroleum ether soluble fraction were found to beandrost-8-en-3-ol, 4,4,14α-trimethyl-17-(2-bromo-1-methylethyl (57.9%), 14,17-nor-3,21-dioxo-β-amyrin, 17,18-didehydro-3-dehydroxy- (13.0%), barringtogenol B (2.5%), olean-12-ene-3,16,21,22,28-pentol, 21-(2-methyl-2-butenoate), [3β,16α,21β(Z),22α]-(1.7%),perhydrocyclopropa[e]azulene-4,5,6-triol, 1,1,4,6-tetramethyl  (1.7%), ethyl iso-allocholate (1.6%) and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester (1.6%). Both the extract and its fraction have exhibited very significant antibacterial, antifungal,mosquito repellent and larvicidal propertiesoriginated by numerous bioactive metabolites. Twenty eight (20 Gram-positive and 8 Gram-negative) bacteria were tested against LC.Me and LCM-PESwith noteworthy zone of inhibition.The significant in vitro antifungal activity was observed against fifteen fungi in LC-Me and LCM-PES. Very robust initial repellency was observed for LC-Me and LCM-PES (94% and 80% respectively) against the dengue-carrying mosquito (Aedes aegypti) at 2% concentration. The extract and its fraction were also found to be an efficient larvicidal agent against fourth-stage larvae of Aedes aegypti. The effective larvicidal property was noted in methanol soluble extract as compared topetroleum ether soluble fraction and standard with LC50value of 20 and 400 ppm respectively.
Comparison of Extraction Assays and Quantification of Protein from Ulva anandii (Cholorophycota)
Authors: Shahnaz Laila , Anwar Hafsah , Baloch Amarah , Haider Amir
Published: May 2024

Seaweeds contain many macronutrients including protein, therefore they can be utilized to fulfil the protein requirements of human beings. This research focused on extracting total protein in green seaweed Ulva anandii (Amjad et Shameel 1993), from the crude extracts, by using the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and acetone precipitation methods, and the estimation of crude extract (water-soluble proteins), and those obtained from the two above-mentioned methods. The results indicate that the water-soluble proteins had the highest quantity (949.75µg/mL) followed by the TCA precipitation method (831µg/mL), while the acetone precipitation method had the least concentration of total protein (100 µg/mL). The study concludes that treatment with organic solvents lowers the quantity of protein extracted from U. anandii.
Harnessing Nature's Arsenal: Investigating the Antibacterial Efficacy of Commercial Essential Oils against Staphylococcus Strains Isolated from Poultry Meat.
Authors: Rafique Ambreen , Naim Asma , Baig Nida , Khan Javeria , Muqarab Farzana , Rafiq Iqra , Aziz Sabahat , Anjum Faryal
Published: May 2024

Pathogens prevalent in the food supply chain provide a significant worldwide risk to both human health and the economy. Poultry meat, a staple in global diets, serves as a reservoir for bacterial contamination. Staphylococcus, a gram-positive bacterium belonging to family Staphylococcaceae has been identified as a potential causative agent of food borne illnesses. The presence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus strains in poultry products raises concerns about the transmission of resistance genes through the food chain, necessitating thorough investigations into alternative antimicrobial agents for effective bacterial control. Essential oils (EOs) hold profound importance in terms of their known and potential application. This study focuses on the evaluation of commercial essential oils and their effectiveness against Staphylococcus strains isolated from poultry meat. Briefly, 150 raw chicken meat samples were collected, and Staphylococcus spp. was identified based on morphological and cultural characteristics. Antibiogram analysis and essential oils activity was determined by disc diffusion and agar well diffusion assay respectively. Results showed that 27 (18%) samples tested positive for Staphylococcus spp, out of which S. aureus was identified in 25 isolates (16.66%). The antibiogram profile reveals that three antibiotics namely, gentamicin, vancomycin and ciprofloxacin were the most effective antibiotics showing sensitivity against 74.07%, 70.37% and 62.96% of the isolates respectively. Moreover, amongst the tested essential oils cinnamon oil and clove oil exhibited the highest antimicrobial activities ZOI ranges from 19-41mm and 19-33 mm respectively. While focusing on the evaluation of antimicrobial activity of essential oils, the study endeavors to aid in development of sustainable strategies for mitigating bacterial contamination in the food industry.
أشكال الحكومات وموقف الشريعة الإسلامية منها
Authors: نعمان د.لؤي طارش محمد
Published: May 2024

يتناول البحث العلمي موقف الشريعة الإسلامية تجاه أشكال الحكومات المختلفة، حيث يسلط الضوء على مميزات الشريعة الإسلامية وتفوقها على النظم الوضعية في ضبط سلوك الأفراد والحفاظ على القيم والمبادئ. يبرز البحث أهمية فهم النظام الإسلامي الحقيقي، خاصة في ظل الشكوك التي يواجهها من العالم الغربي. يُشير البحث إلى ضرورة عودة المسلمين لتراثهم الإسلامي والحضاري، مع التأكيد على ملاءمة المبادئ السياسية الإسلامية مع الظروف الحالية والتقاليد الإسلامية. تتبنى الدراسة مناهج تاريخية وتحليلية ومقارنة لفهم أشكال الحكومات المختلفة ومقارنة نظام الحكم الإسلامي مع الأنظمة الوضعية، مما يسهم في إبراز الفروقات بينها وفهم مواقف الشريعة الإسلامية تجاهها.
Qualitative Review on Digital Financial Inclusion using N-Vivo
Authors: Sunarya Silma Lafifa , Avedta Sherrindra
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to assess the state of research on digital financial inclusion. The method is a qualitative one that makes use of secondary data from articles that were published and indexed by Scopus between 2005 and 2022. This data was processed using Microsoft Excel 16 and analyzed using Nvivo 12 Plus software, which performs automatic coding and classification to create a structured file system. The results of this study suggest that Islamic economic research is beginning to increasingly focus on digital financial inclusion. The majority of the 595 articles that were published claimed that the economy and mobile services are related to digital financial inclusion. “Financial”, “digital”, “inclusion”, “services”, “study”, “development”, “mobile”, “finance”, “technology”, and “economics” are the words that frequently appear with the most frequency in journals with digital financial inclusion subjects. Unusually, there are variations in the sentiment analysis findings. Whereas the sentiment is relatively favorable when it is evaluated based on the title, index keywords, and abstract, the sentiment is quite negative when it is evaluated based on the author keywords. This study is anticipated to contribute to the present academic studies on digital financial inclusion. The results of terms that still have room to grow can be used to guide future studies on digital financial inclusion.
Measuring the Productivity of SDG-3 Output in OIC Countries
Authors: Khairunnisa Hasna Luthfi
Published: May 2024

Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3) focuses on ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages. It aims to address various aspects of health and well-being, with specific targets to achieve by 2030. This study aims to calculate the efficiency and productivity based on SDG-3 output, 'Good Health and Wellbeing' in 50 countries that are members of the OIC over an 8-year period, from 2010 to 2017. Efficiency measurement was conducted using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Meanwhile, to measure the productivity score, this study using Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). The result shows that the average efficiency value of OIC countries as a whole is 0.54. The country with the highest efficient value is Brunei with an efficiency value of 0.998, and the lowest country with an efficiency value of 0.35 is Indonesia. On the other hand, the country that experienced the most increase in productivity was Turkey with a TFP value of 1.357 and the country that experienced the largest decrease in productivity was Cameroon with a TFP value of 0.746.
Indonesia Islamic Banks Performance Pre and During Covid-19 Pandemic Based on the Maqāsid Sharīʿah Index
Authors: Satifa Siti Annisa , Mukhlisin Murniati
Published: May 2024

This study try to analyze and compare the performance of Islamic commercial banks pre and during COVID-19 (2018- 2021) based on the Maqāsid ul-sharīʿah index using the Simple Additive Weighting Method (SAW) which was carried out on 11 Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia and to provide deeper information to stakeholders regarding the performance of Islamic commercial banks which are different with conventional bank. The result show that there were eight banks that experienced an increase in Maqāsid ul-sharīʿah performance from the pre-COVID- 19 period, while 3 other banks decreased in terms of performance. On the other hand, when viewed from a rating comparison perspective, there are four banks that have experienced an increase in rating and 3 banks have decreased in terms of rating, while the remaining four banks are at the same rating.
Comparison of Facial Angular Measurements Between Males and Females Presenting at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Nisar Mehwish , Ashraf Ayesha , Shazia Ramzan  , Azeem Muhammad , Batool Maimoona , Ashraf Farhana
Published: May 2024

Background and Objective: The effectiveness of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning is dependent on an accurate assessment of the patient's soft tissue profile. The objective of the study was to compare the facial angular measurements between males and females.Methods: The study comprised 100 volunteers (50 males and 50 females) ranging in age from 12 to 16 years. The respondents were chosen through convenience sampling technique from orthodontics department of children hospital Lahore. Cephalometric and photographic profile analysis was used, with angular measurements based on standard cephalometric and photographic records taken in natural head position. The study included four factors in total.Results: The mean cephalometric and photographic naso-frontal angle was 121.050 and 121.030 respectively, where as cephalometric and phographic measurement in females were 122.240 and 122.840 respectively.Conclusion: There was no significant difference in angular measurements between two genders.Keywords: Photographic analysis, Cephalometric analysis, Naso-labial angle, Naso-mental angle, Naso- frontal angle, Naso-facial angle
Current Trends of Resistance Among Gram Negative and Gram Positive Bacteria Isolated from Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Yar Ahmad Yar , Rasheed Farhan , Ejaz Asma , Jamil Iqra , Yasin Babar , Bilal Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Nosocomial infections (NIs) following antimicrobial resistance becomes serious public health concern across the world. It affects the length of hospital stay and cost burden on the health care system. Rapid increase in resistance against commonly used antibiotics results in emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms.
Material and Methods: This retrospective study was done at CMH Sialkot over the period of six months. All types of clinical samples were included and were processed according to standard microbiological procedures. Organisms were identified by using different biochemical tests. AST were performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines.
Results: Total 402 organisms were isolated among which 57% were gram positive while 43% were Gram negative bacteria. MRSA (31%) was most prevalent in Gram positive bacteria while E.coli(50%) was found to be most common in Gram negative bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria showed maximum resistance against Fluoroquinolones, while Co-trimoxazole and Cephalosporins were least susceptible against Gram-negative bacteria.
Conclusion: Nosocomial infections Because of their importance, antibiotic usage policies should be taken and implemented on a priority basis in the agenda of the infection control committees of hospitals.
Comparison of Iron-Supplementation Versus Combination of Vitamin-A & Iron-supplementation in Childhood Iron Deficiency Anaemia
Authors: Qadir Wahab , Khan Safia , Bilal Ahmad , Shahzad Muhammad Sohail , Rafique Arshad , Zaman Muhammad Fakhar ul
Published: May 2024

Background and Objectives: childhood anemia is highly prevalent worldwide and its effective treatment is the cornerstone to improve health of these children. This study was conducted to compare the mean rise in haemoglobin (Hb) after iron-alone versus the combination of vitamin-A & iron supplementation in childhood iron-deficiency anemia.Methods: This randomized controlled trial was done at Paediatrics Medicine Department, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore from January-2019 to June-2019. A total of 60 cases, as per inclusion criteria were enrolled from the Paediatric Medicine Department of Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Group-A was supplemented with a combination of vitamin-A and iron while Group-B patients were supplemented with Iron alone. Hb was checked at baseline and after 3 months of treatment as per the designated group. All information, as per predesigned proforma, was entered and interpreted using SPSS version 23.0. An Independent sample t-test was applied and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Sixty patients were included, keeping 30 in each group i.e. Group-A (Vitamin-A + Iron) & Group-B (Iron-alone). In both groups, most of the patients were male, i.e. 22(73.3%) and 23(76.7%) in group-A and group-B respectively. In group-A, the mean age was 1.96±1.6 years while 2.12±1.5 years in group-B. In group-A, the mean rise in Hb level after 3-months of treatment was 3.0±0.99 g/dl, on the other hand, it was 1.96±1.00 g/dl in group B, with a p-value of 0.00014.Conclusion: Vitamin-A supplementation combined with iron replacement therapy is recommended for substantial improvement among children with iron deficiency anemia.Keywords: Vitamin-A, Iron-Supplementation, Hemoglobin (Hb), Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA).
Frequency of Obesity, Associated Factors and Fetomaternal Outcome in Women Coming for Antenatal Care at Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore
Authors: Riaz Mariam , Wajid Rabia , Cheema Amna Ahsan , Fayyaz Saira , Rashid Madeeha , Malik Kiren Khursheed
Published: May 2024

Background: Obesity is now taking the shape of an epidemic worldwide and is on the rise among women of reproductive age especially over the last 40 years. This happening has a major bearing on reproductive outcomes as per latest studies. During pregnancy and childbirth, obese women are more likely to develop fetomaternal complications than women with a normal body mass index (BMI). Objective: To determine the prevalence of normal weight, over weight and obese women among those presenting for antenatal care and to compare the fetomaternal outcome in different BMI categories. Patients and Methods Descriptive cross sectional study conducted from 29 October 2022 to 29 April 2023 at Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore. 200 subjects meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study after informed consent. BMI was recorded and weight category assigned. All relevant details noted on especially designed performa. Data analysis was done using SPSS No. 24. Results: Prevalence of obesity in pregnant females was recorded as 25.5 %( n=51) and overweight women as 40.5 %( 81). A total of 200 females with an overall mean age of 29.9 ± 3.5 years were included in this study. The mean body mass index was 27.5 ± 3.9. The proportion of preeclampsia was significantly (p-value < 0.05) higher in obese women (31.9%) followed by overweight (22.2%) and normal women (15.6%), respectively. Likewise, the rate of eclampsia (22.8%, 13.6% and 8.3%), gestational diabetes (28.6%, 18.5, and 9.7%) and hypertension (27.7%, 16.1% and 11.4%) was also significantly higher in obese women followed by overweight women and normal weight women. In addition, a significant (p-value < 0.05) greater rate of C-section (41.5% vs. 35.8% vs. 14.4%) was reported in obese weight groups as compared to overweight versus normal weight women .The mean birth weight of new born was significantly higher in obese women as compared to overweight and normal weight women. Six (11.8%) babies born to obese women were macrosomic and only (1.3% and 1.5%) babies had macrosomia in overweight and normal weight women. APGAR score at 1 minute and 5 minute was significantly higher in normal weight women followed by overweight and obese women. The requirement of admission to NICU was statistically significantly higher in obese women (55.4%) followed by overweight (45.7%) and normal weight women (28.3%).Conclusion: Fetomaternal morbidity is significantly increased in obese and overweight pregnant females. Keywords: Pregnancy, obese, over-weight, prevalence, fetomaternal, outcome.