bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Delayed Adjacent Level Spondylodiscitis after Initial Surgery with Instrumented Spinal Fusion: A Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Nagoshi Narihito , Shioda Masanobu , Yorimitsu Etsuro , Yagi Mitsuru
Published: January 2018

To date, 2 cases of adjacent level spondylodiscitis occurring a few months after initial spinal fusion were reported. However, the development of delayed adjacent level spondylodiscitis is very rare. The authors report 3 cases of spondylodiscitis that occurred at the proximal adjacent level of the fused spine more than 1 year after the initial surgery. Antibiotic treatment was initially chosen in all three cases. In two of the cases, progressive neurological deficit occurred at the level of the infection due to compression of neural elements and spinal instability. For these patients, additional spinal fusion was performed. In each of the three cases, the selected treatment resulted in successful bony fusion at the level of the spondylodiscitis. According to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System, deep wound infection is defined as occurring within 1 year after surgery with instrumentation. The spondylodiscitis in the present cases occurred more than 1 year after the initial surgery, suggesting that these cases may be considered as adjacent segment disease rather than surgical site infection.
Placenta and Placental Derivatives in Regenerative Therapies: Experimental Studies, History, and Prospects
Authors: Pogozhykh Olena , Prokopyuk Volodymyr , Figueiredo Constança , Pogozhykh Denys
Published: January 2018

Placental structures, capable to persist in a genetically foreign organism, are a natural model of allogeneic engraftment carrying a number of distinctive properties. In this review, the main features of the placenta and its derivatives such as structure, cellular composition, immunological and endocrine aspects, and the ability to invasion and deportation are discussed. These features are considered from a perspective that determines the placental material as a unique source for regenerative cell therapies and a lesson for immunological tolerance. A historical overview of clinical applications of placental extracts, cells, and tissue components is described. Empirically accumulated data are summarized and compared with modern research. Furthermore, we define scopes and outlooks of application of placental cells and tissues in the rapidly progressing field of regenerative medicine.
3D Seismic Structural Analysis and Basin Modeling of the Matruh Basin, Western Desert, Egypt
Authors: Metwalli Farouk I. , Shendi El Arabi H. , Hart Bruce , Osman Waleed M.
Published: January 2018

In order to evaluate the hydrocarbon potential of the Matruh Basin, North Western Desert of Egypt, the tectonic history, basin analysis, and maturity modeling of the Albian-Cenomanian Formations of the Matruh Basin were investigated using well logs and 3D seismic data. Structural analysis of the tops of the Bahariya, Kharita, and Alamein Dolomite Formations reveals them to dip to the southeast. Burial history and subsidence curves show that the basin experienced a tectonic subsidence through the Middle-Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous times. Thermal maturity models indicated that Cenomanian clastics of the Bahariya Formation are in the early mature stage in the east portions of the area, increasing to the mid maturity level in the southwestern parts. On the other hand, the Albian Kharita Formation exhibits a mid maturation level in the most parts of the area. The petroleum system of the Matruh Basin includes a generative (charge) subsystem with Middle Jurassic and Cenomanian sources (for oil/gas) and Turonian sources (for oil), with peak generation from Turonian to Eocene, and a migration-entrapment subsystem including expulsion and migration during Early Tertiary to Miocene into structures formed from Late Cretaceous to Eocene.
Vehicle Driving Risk Prediction Based on Markov Chain Model
Authors: Xiong Xiaoxia , Chen Long , Liang Jun
Published: January 2018

A driving risk status prediction algorithm based on Markov chain is presented. Driving risk states are classified using clustering techniques based on feature variables describing the instantaneous risk levels within time windows, where instantaneous risk levels are determined in time-to-collision and time-headway two-dimension plane. Multinomial Logistic models with recursive feature variable estimation method are developed to improve the traditional state transition probability estimation, which also takes into account the comprehensive effects of driving behavior, traffic, and road environment factors on the evolution of driving risk status. The “100-car” natural driving data from Virginia Tech is employed for the training and validation of the prediction model. The results show that, under the 5% false positive rate, the prediction algorithm could have high prediction accuracy rate for future medium-to-high driving risks and could meet the timeliness requirement of collision avoidance warning. The algorithm could contribute to timely warning or auxiliary correction to drivers in the approaching-danger state.
Association between Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome and the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Study
Authors: Zhao Enfa , Chen Shimin , Du Yajuan , Zhang Yushun
Published: January 2018

Numerous reports have been done to seek the relationship between sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) and the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, definite conclusion has not yet been fully established. We examined whether SAHS increases AF incidence in common population and summarized all existing studies in a meta-analysis. We summarized the current studies by searching related database for potential papers of the association between SAHS and the risk of AF. Studies that reported original data or relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations were included. Sensitivity analyses were performed by omitting each study iteratively and publication bias was detected by Begg’s tests. Eight eligible studies met the inclusion criteria. Fixed effects meta-analysis showed that SAHS increased AF risk in the common population (RR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.53–1.89, P=0.002, I2=69.2%). There was a significant association between mild SAHS and the risk of AF (RR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.28–1.79, P=0.01, I2=78.4%), moderate SAHS (RR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.55–2.27, P=0.017, I2=75.6%), and severe SAHS (RR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.78–2.62, P<0.001, I2=91.0%). The results suggest that sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome could increase the risk of AF, and the higher the severity of SAHS, the higher risk of atrial fibrillation.
Suprapedicular Circumferential Opening Technique of Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Discectomy for High Grade Inferiorly Migrated Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Kim Hyeun Sung , Yudoyono Farid , Paudel Byapak , Kim Ki Joon , Jang Jee-Soo , Choi Jeong-Hoon , Chung Sung Kyun , Kim Jeong Hoon , Jang Il-Tae , Oh Seong-Hoon , Park Jae Eun , Lee Sol
Published: January 2018

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy of suprapedicular circumferential opening technique (SCOT) of percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal lumbar discectomy (PETLD) for high grade inferiorly migrated lumbar disc herniation. Material and Methods. Eighteen consecutive patients who presented with back and leg pain with a single-level high grade inferiorly migrated lumbar disc herniation were included. High grade inferiorly migrated disc was removed by the SCOT through PETLD approach. Outcome evaluation was done with visual analog scale (VAS) and Mac Nab’s criteria. Result. There were 14 males and 4 females. The mean age of patients was 53.3±14.12 years. One, 4, and 13 patients had disc herniation at L1-2, L3-4, and L4-5 levels, respectively, on MRI, which correlated with clinical findings. The mean follow-up duration was 8.4±4.31 months. According to Mac Nab’s criteria, 9 patients (50%) reported excellent and the remaining 9 patients (50%) reported good outcomes. The mean preoperative and postoperative VAS for leg pain were 7.36±0.73 and 1.45±0.60, respectively (p<0.001). Improvement in outcomes was maintained even at final follow-up. There was no complication. Conclusion. In this preliminary study we achieved good to excellent clinical results using the SCOT of PETLD for high grade inferiorly migrated lumbar disc herniation.
Aspergillus fumigatusInfection-Induced Neutrophil Recruitment and Location in the Conducting Airway of Immunocompetent, Neutropenic, and Immunosuppressed Mice
Authors: Shevchenko Marina A. , Bogorodskiy Andrey O. , Troyanova Natalia I. , Servuli Ekaterina A. , Bolkhovitina Elena L. , Büldt Georg , Fahlke Christoph , Gordeliy Valentin I. , Gensch Thomas , Borshchevskiy Valentin I. , Sapozhnikov Alexander M.
Published: January 2018

Susceptibility to fungal infection is commonly associated with impaired neutrophil responses. To study the mechanisms underlying this association, we investigated neutrophil recruitment to the conducting airway wall afterAspergillus fumigatusconidium inhalation in mouse models of drug-induced immunosuppression and antibody-mediated neutrophil depletion (neutropenia) by performing three-dimensional confocal laser-scanning microscopy of whole-mount primary bronchus specimens. Actin staining enabled visualization of the epithelial and smooth muscle layers that mark the airway wall. Gr-1+or Ly6G+neutrophils located between the epithelium and smooth muscles were considered airway wall neutrophils. The number of airway wall neutrophils for immunocompetent, immunosuppressed, and neutropenic mice before and 6 h afterA. fumigatusinfection were analyzed and compared. Our results show that the number of conducting airway wall neutrophils in immunocompetent mice significantly increased upon inflammation, while a dramatic reduction in this number was observed following immunosuppression and neutropenia. Interestingly, a slight increase in the infiltration of neutrophils into the airway wall was detected as a result of infection, even in immunosuppressed and neutropenic mice. Taken together, these data indicate that neutrophils are present in intact conducting airway walls and the number elevates uponA. fumigatusinfection. Conducting airway wall neutrophils are affected by both neutropenia and immunosuppression.
Colorectal Cancer Presenting as Single Pulmonary Hilar Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Habib Ahmed M. , Kassianides Xenophon , Chan Samuel , Loubani Mahmoud , Qadri Syed
Published: January 2018

Colorectal carcinoma is the second biggest cancer responsible for mortality. Lung metastasis is the commonest, following the liver. It is not uncommon to perform pulmonary metastasectomy and identify mediastinal metastasis. Previous studies have identified incidental lymph node involvement following routine mediastinal lymph node clearance in 20–50% of cases. However, solitary intrathoracic lymph node metastasis is exceedingly rare. Even when present, it is usually metachronous. In our case, we present an exceedingly rare case whereby the intrathoracic lymph node metastasis is solitary, not accompanying pulmonary disease and with no liver metastasis. We also review the evidence for mediastinal lymphadenectomy in the literature.
Mechanism of Activating the Proprioceptive NT-3/TrkC Signalling Pathway by Reverse Intervention for the Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Hamstring Reflex Arc with Electroacupuncture
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zeng Yan , Qi Ji , Guan Taiyuan , Zhou Xin , He Yancheng , Wang Guoyou , Fu Shijie
Published: January 2018

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is an important structure maintaining stability of the knee joints. Deficits in physical stability and the proprioceptive capabilities of the knee joints are observed, when the ACL is damaged. Additionally, a unilateral ACL injury can affect bilateral knee proprioception; therefore, proprioception of the ACL may play a key role in stability. Electroacupuncture therapy has a definite effect nerve regeneration. In this study, cynomolgus monkeys were randomly divided into 4 groups: the model control group, intervention of the injured knee with electroacupuncture (IIKE) group, intervention of the bilateral knees with electroacupuncture (IBKE) group, and the blank control group. The unilateral ACL injury model was developed in IIKE and IBKE groups; acupuncture points around the knees underwent intervention similarly in the IIKE and IBKE groups. Then, mRNA and protein expressions of NT-3 and TrkC in the dorsal root ganglion and of growth-associated protein-43 in the ACL increased according to reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting results. Decreased incubations and increased amplitudes were found for somatosensory-evoked potentials and motor nerve conduction velocity. The finding indicates that electroacupuncture may play an important role in the recovery of proprioception in the ACL by activating the NT-3/TrkC signalling pathway.
Stem Cell Therapy in Patients with Chronic Nonischemic Heart Failure
Authors: Poglajen Gregor , Zemljič Gregor , Frljak Sabina , Cerar Andraž , Andročec Vesna , Sever Matjaž , Černelč Peter
Published: January 2018

Aim of the Review. The aim of this review is to discuss recent advances in clinical aspects of stem cell therapy in chronic nonischemic heart failure (DCMP) with emphasis on patient selection, stem cell types, and delivery methods. Recent Findings. Several stem cell types have been considered for the treatment of DCMP patients. Bone marrow-derived cells and CD34+ cells have been demonstrated to improve myocardial performance, functional capacity, and neurohumoral activation. Furthermore, allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells were also shown to be effective in improving heart function in this patient population; this may represent an important step towards the development of a standardized stem cell product for widespread clinical use in patients with DCMP. Summary. The trials of stem cell therapy in DCMP patients have shown some promising results, thus making DCMP apparently more inviting target for stem cell therapy than chronic ischemic heart failure, where studies to date failed to demonstrate a consistent effect of stem cells on myocardial performance. Future stem cell strategies should aim for more personalized therapeutic approach by establishing the optimal stem cell type or their combination, dose, and delivery method for an individual patient adjusted for patient’s age and stage of the disease.
Dynamic Changes in Plasma MicroRNAs Have Potential Predictive Values in Monitoring Recurrence and Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Xu Xia , Lu Juan , Wang Fan , Liu Xiong , Peng Xiaohong , Yu Bolong , Zhao Feipeng , Li Xiangping
Published: January 2018

Although circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have already proven to be useful as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the potential of these molecules to monitor patients over time has been less explored. This study aimed to analyze dynamic changes in plasma miRNAs before and after treatment and explore their clinical significance in monitoring recurrence and metastasis of NPC. Candidate miRNAs were screened by microarray analysis and validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In the follow-up cohort including 102 patients, blood samples (plasma) were collected before the treatment initiation, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after treatments, and at the time of any recurrence or metastasis. Among these plasma miRNAs, miR-9-3p, miR-124-3p, miR-892b, and miR-3676-3p were significantly upregulated (P = 0.018, P = 0.039, P = 0.001, and P = 0.01, resp.) after treatment compared with pretreatment, and the four plasma miRNAs were downregulated again at recurrence or metastasis (P < 0.001, P = 0.015, P = 0.003, and P = 0.026, resp.). The dynamic changes in plasma miRNAs after treatment reflect the outcome of the disease and have the potential to monitor recurrence and metastasis in patients with NPC.
HIT Solar Cells with N-Type Low-Cost Metallurgical Si
Authors: Yang Xing , Bian Jiangtao , Liu Zhengxin , Li Shuai , Chen Chao , He Song
Published: January 2018

A conversion efficiency of 20.23% of heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer (HIT) solar cell on 156 mm × 156 mm metallurgical Si wafer has been obtained. Applying AFORS-HET software simulation, HIT solar cell with metallurgical Si was investigated with regard to impurity concentration, compensation level, and their impacts on cell performance. It is known that a small amount of impurity in metallurgical Si materials is not harmful to solar cell properties.
The Feasibility of 3D Printing Technology on the Treatment of Pilon Fracture and Its Effect on Doctor-Patient Communication
Authors: Zheng Wenhao , Chen Chunhui , Zhang Chuanxu , Tao Zhenyu , Cai Leyi
Published: January 2018

Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in the treatment of Pilon fractures. Methods. 100 patients with Pilon fractures from March 2013 to December 2016 were enrolled in our study. They were divided randomly into 3D printing group (n=50) and conventional group (n=50). The 3D models were used to simulate the surgery and carry out the surgery according to plan in 3D printing group. Operation time, blood loss, fluoroscopy times, fracture union time, and fracture reduction as well as functional outcomes including VAS and AOFAS score and complications were recorded. To examine the feasibility of this approach, we invited surgeons and patients to complete questionnaires. Results. 3D printing group showed significantly shorter operation time, less blood loss volume and fluoroscopy times, higher rate of anatomic reduction and rate of excellent and good outcome than conventional group (P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, P=0.040, and P=0.029, resp.). However, no significant difference was observed in complications between the two groups (P=0.510). Furthermore, the questionnaire suggested that both surgeons and patients got high scores of overall satisfaction with the use of 3D printing models. Conclusion. Our study indicated that the use of 3D printing technology to treat Pilon fractures in clinical practice is feasible.
Macroautophagy and Chaperone‐Mediated Autophagy in Heart Failure: The Known and the Unknown
Authors: Ghosh Rajeshwary , Pattison J. Scott
Published: January 2018

Cardiac diseases including hypertrophic and ischemic cardiomyopathies are increasingly being reported to accumulate misfolded proteins and damaged organelles. These findings have led to an increasing interest in protein degradation pathways, like autophagy, which are essential not only for normal protein turnover but also in the removal of misfolded and damaged proteins. Emerging evidence suggests a previously unprecedented role for autophagic processes in cardiac physiology and pathology. This review focuses on the major types of autophagic processes, the genes and protein complexes involved, and their regulation. It discusses the key similarities and differences between macroautophagy, chaperone‐mediated autophagy, and selective mitophagy structures and functions. The genetic models available to study loss and gain of macroautophagy, mitophagy, and CMA are discussed. It defines the markers of autophagic processes, methods for measuring autophagic activities, and their interpretations. This review then summarizes the major studies of autophagy in the heart and their contribution to cardiac pathology. Some reports suggest macroautophagy imparts cardioprotection from heart failure pathology. Meanwhile, other studies find macroautophagy activation may be detrimental in cardiac pathology. An improved understanding of autophagic processes and their regulation may lead to a new genre of treatments for cardiac diseases.
Design and Analysis of a New Magnetorheological Damper for Generation of Tunable Shock‐Wave Profiles
Authors: Oh Jong-Seok , Lee Tae-Hoon , Choi Seung-Bok
Published: January 2018

A new impact testing system with an integrated magnetorheological (MR) damper is proposed, and its dynamic characteristics are analyzed. The testing system consists of a velocity generator, impact mass, test mass, spring, and MR damper. In order to tune the dual shock‐wave profile, a dynamic model was constructed, and the appropriate design parameters of the MR damper were then determined to produce the required damping force. Following this, an impact testing system was constructed to evaluate the design analysis and field‐dependent dual shock‐wave profiles. The experimental results of impact test showed that the dual shock‐wave profile can be altered by changing the intensity of the magnetic field.
Driver’s Eco-Driving Behavior Evaluation Modeling Based on Driving Events
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhao Xiaohua , Yao Ying , Zhang Yunlong , Rong Jian , Liu Xiaoming
Published: January 2018

Eco-driving is an effective means to reduce vehicle fuel consumption. Although many researches and devices have been developed to introduce eco-driving, quantitative effects of driver behaviors on fuel consumption are still unclear, as well as quantitative eco-driving advices. To solve this problem and promote the application of eco-driving in China, a driving-events-based eco-driving behavior evaluation model was proposed in this paper. First, based on taxicab operating data, the relationship between three vehicle operating parameters (speed, acceleration, and driving mode duration) and fuel consumption was analyzed. Then, nine fuel-consumption-involved driving events (including Accelerating Sharply, Decelerating Sharply, and Long-Time Accelerating) were proposed and defined. Using the frequency of each driving event in a certain distance as independent variable and vehicle fuel consumption as dependent variable, principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression were applied to establish driver’s eco-driving behavior evaluation model. The model was proved to be highly accurate (96.72%). At last, based on the evaluation model, corresponding quantitative eco-driving advices were provided to help driver to improve their driving skills.
Una mirada al IPSA: ¿Dónde estamos y hacia dónde vamos?
Authors: Roman Andres
Published: January 2018

Este artículo presenta una descripción del Índice de Precios Selectivo de Acciones (IPSA), su composición y su relevancia como el principal índice de rentabilidad del mercado bursátil chileno. A continuación, analiza los principales factores que influenciaron su evolución en el periodo 2015-2017, con particular atención al rally observado en 2016 y la volatilidad observada durante el periodo de elecciones presidenciales. Para concluir, se presentan algunas perspectivas de su evolución para 2018.
Speech and Communication Changes Reported by People with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Schalling Ellika , Johansson Kerstin , Hartelius Lena
Published: January 2018

Background: Changes in communicative functions are common in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but there are only limited data provided by individuals with PD on how these changes are perceived, what their consequences are, and what type of intervention is provided. Aim: To present self-reported information about speech and communication, the impact on communicative participation, and the amount and type of speech-language pathology services received by people with PD. Methods: Respondents with PD recruited via the Swedish Parkinson’s Disease Society filled out a questionnaire accessed via a Web link or provided in a paper version. Results: Of 188 respondents, 92.5% reported at least one symptom related to communication; the most common symptoms were weak voice, word-finding difficulties, imprecise articulation, and getting off topic in conversation. The speech and communication problems resulted in restricted communicative participation for between a quarter and a third of the respondents, and their speech caused embarrassment sometimes or more often to more than half. Forty-five percent of the respondents had received speech-language pathology services. Conclusions: Most respondents reported both speech and language symptoms, and many experienced restricted communicative participation. Access to speech-language pathology services is still inadequate. Services should also address cognitive/linguistic aspects to meet the needs of people with PD.
Liver Imaging Techniques: Recognition of Uveal Melanoma Metastases
Authors: Bellerive Claudine , Ouellet Etienne , Kamaya Aya , Singh Arun D.
Published: January 2018

Background: The liver is the most common site for metastases of several primary malignancies including uveal melanoma. Methods: Review of imaging characteristics of incidental common benign liver lesions including hepatic cyst, hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia, and hepatic adenoma and contrasting them with uveal melanoma metastases. Results: Benign hepatic lesions may be cystic or, if solid, relatively stable in size over time. For hepatic lesions larger than 10 mm in size, characteristic imaging features typically allow for confident diagnosis. When lesions are small (less than 10 mm), definitive characterization can be difficult. Moreover, lesions smaller than 10 mm can be difficult to biopsy under ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) guidance, and short-term follow-up will often be useful to assess for stability or progression. Overall, magnetic resonance imaging is more specific than CT scan and at least as sensitive as CT for detecting uveal melanoma liver metastases. Conclusions: New multiple enhancing solid liver lesions should raise suspicion of uveal melanoma liver metastases. Discussion of challenging cases with the radiologist may be beneficial, as pertinent information such as size, location, and molecular prognostication status of the primary tumor can guide radiological interpretation of hepatic lesions.
Mentalization and Self-Efficacy as Mediators between Psychological Symptom Severity and Disabilities in Activities and Participation in Psychotherapy Patients
Authors: Probst Thomas , Dehoust Maria , Brütt Anna Levke , Schulz Holger , Pieh Christoph , Andreas Sylke
Published: January 2018

Background: Psychotherapy patients can be more or less disabled by their psychological symptoms. The present study investigated whether mentalization and self-efficacy contribute to the association between psychological symptom severity and disabilities in activities and participation. Methods: The data of 216 psychotherapy inpatients were examined in a cross-sectional design. Bootstrapping-enhanced mediation analyses were performed to investigate whether self-efficacy and mentalization are mediators between psychological symptom severity and disabilities in activities and participation. The Hamburg Modules for the Assessment of Psychosocial Health-49 were used to measure psychological symptom severity and self-efficacy, mentalization was assessed with the Mentalization Questionnaire, and disabilities in activities and participation were operationalized with the ICF-Mental-A & P questionnaire. Results: Mentalization as well as self-efficacy functioned as mediators between psychological symptom severity and disabilities in activities and participation (p < 0.05). They were equally strong mediators, and both remained significant mediators when statistically controlling for the other mediator (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Mentalization as well as self-efficacy explain a significant proportion of the relationship between psychological symptom severity and disabilities in activities and participation. Working on mentalizing and self-efficacy might be important mechanisms to reduce disability due to symptoms. The cross-sectional design is a limitation of the study.
Low FT4 Concentrations around the Start of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Treatment: Predictor of Congenital Structural Hypothalamic-Pituitary Abnormalities?
Authors: van Iersel Laura , van Santen Hanneke M. , Zandwijken Gladys R.J. , Zwaveling-Soonawala Nitash , Hokken-Koelega Anita C.S. , van Trotsenburg A.S. Paul
Published: January 2018

Background: Growth hormone (GH) treatment may unmask central hypothyroidism (CeH). This was first observed in children with GH deficiency (GHD), later also in adults with GHD due to acquired “organic” pituitary disease. We hypothesized that newly diagnosed CeH in children after starting GH treatment for nonacquired, apparent isolated GHD points to congenital “organic” pituitary disease. Methods: Nationwide, retrospective cohort study including all children with nonacquired GHD between 2001 and 2011 in The Netherlands. The prevalence of CeH, hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) abnormalities, and neonatal congenital hypothyroidism screening results were evaluated. Results: Twenty-three (6.3%) of 367 children with apparent isolated GHD were prescribed LT4 for presumed CeH within 2 years after starting GH treatment. Similarly to children already diagnosed with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, 75% of these 23 had structural HP abnormalities. In children not prescribed LT4, low pre- or post-GH treatment FT4 concentrations were also associated with structural HP abnormalities. Neonatal screening results of only 4 of the 23 children could be retrieved. Conclusion: In children with nonacquired, apparent isolated GHD, a diagnosis of CeH after, or a low FT4 concentration around the start of GH treatment, is associated with congenital structural HP abnormalities, i.e., “organic” pituitary disease. Neonatal values could not be judged reliably.
Correlation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and -II Concentrations at Birth Measured by Mass Spectrometry and Growth from Birth to Two Months
Authors: Hawkes Colin P. , Murray Deirdre M. , Kenny Louise C. , Kiely Mairead , O’B Hourihane Jonathan , Irvine Alan D. , Wu Zengru , Argon Yair , Reitz Richard E. , McPhaul Michael J. , Grimberg Adda
Published: January 2018

Background: Immunoassays used to measure insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and -II concentrations are susceptible to interference from IGF-binding proteins. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of IGF-I and -II concentrations at birth with neonatal anthropometry using a liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LCMS) assay. Methods: LCMS was used to measure IGF-I and -II concentrations in umbilical cord blood of term, healthy infants enrolled in the Cork BASELINE Birth Cohort Study. Weight, length, and occipitofrontal head circumference (OFC) were measured at birth and 2 months. Results: Cord blood IGF-I and -II concentrations were measured in 1,100 infants. Mean (SD) IGF-I and -II concentrations were 52.5 (23.9) ng/mL and 424.3 (98.2) ng/mL, respectively. IGF-I and -II concentrations at birth were associated (p < 0.05) with weight (R2 = 0.19, R2 = 0.01), length (R2 = 0.07, R2 = 0.004), and OFC (R2 = 0.03, R2 = 0.04) at birth. Low IGF-I concentrations at birth were associated with increases in weight (p < 0.001) and OFC (p < 0.01) Z-scores in the first 2 months. Conclusion: Using an LCMS assay, we have shown that anthropometric parameters at birth are associated with IGF-I and weakly with IGF-II concentrations. This indicates that, at the time of birth, IGF-I is the more important growth factor for regulating infant growth.
Elevations of Thrombotic Biomarkers in Hemoglobin H Disease
Authors: Chansai Siriyakorn , Fucharoen Supan , Fucharoen Goonnapa , Jetsrisuparb Arunee , Chumpia Worawan
Published: January 2018

Background: Thalassemia is a group of hereditary hemoglobinopathies caused by decreased or absent synthesis of α and/or β globin chains. Studies have shown that hypercoagulability and thrombosis are common clinical symptoms in β-thalassemia, especially β-thalassemia intermedia, but little is known about in α-thalassemia. This study aims to examine phosphatidylserine (PS) levels, platelet activation, and coagulation markers in splenectomized (S) and nonsplenectomy (NS) patients with hemoglobin (Hb) H disease. Methods: The NS group comprised 20 patients (median age 15.0 years, range, 14–16.5 years), and the S group consisted of 11 patients (median age 16.4 years, range, 14–19.9 years) with Hb H disease; the control group consisted of 20 normal subjects. Hematological parameters were collected. Flow cytometry was used to measure PS exposure on red blood cells. The levels of intercellular adhesive molecule (ICAM)-1, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), β-thromboglobulin (TG) and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1.2) were determined using ELISA test kits. Results: Significant increases in the levels of PS, ICAM-1, TNFα, β-TG, and F1.2 were observed in both patient groups compared to normal controls (p < 0.01). Conclusion: This observation indicates blood coagulation, endothelial injury, chronic low-grade inflammation, platelet activation, and thrombin generation are present in Hb H disease; these findings merit further assessment in a larger prospective cohort to establish possible links with thrombotic manifestations.
Association of Ultrafiltration Rate with Mortality in Incident Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Kim Tae Woo , Chang Tae Ik , Kim Tae Hee , Chou Jason A. , Soohoo Melissa , Ravel Vanessa A. , Kovesdy Csaba P. , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Streja Elani
Published: January 2018

Background/Aims: Ultrafiltration rate (UFR) appears to be associated with mortality in prevalent hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, the association of UFR with mortality in incident HD patients remains unknown. Methods: We examined a US cohort of 110,880 patients who initiated HD from 2007 to 2011. Baseline UFR was divided into 5 groups (<4, 4 to <6, 6 to <8, 8 to <10, and ≥10 mL/h/kg body weight [BW]). We examined predictors of higher baseline UFR using logistic regression and the association of baseline UFR and all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality using Cox proportional hazard models with adjustments for demographics, comorbidities, and markers of malnutrition-inflammation-cachexia syndrome. Results: Patients were 63 ± 15 years, with 43% women, 32% African Americans, and had a mean baseline UFR of 7.5 ± 3.1 mL/h/kg BW. In the fully adjusted logistic regression models, factors associated with higher UFR (≥7.5 mL/h/kg BW) included Hispanic ethnicity, diabetes, and higher dietary protein intake. There was a linear association between UFR and all-cause and CV mortality, where UFR ≥10 mL/h/kg BW (reference UFR 6–<8 mL/h/kg BW) conferred the highest risk in both unadjusted (HR 1.15 [95% CI 1.10–1.19]) and adjusted models (HR 1.23 [95% CI 1.16–1.31]). The linear association with all-cause mortality remained consistent across strata of age, urine volume, and treatment time. Conclusions: Higher UFR is independently associated with higher all-cause and CV mortality in incident HD patients. Clinical trials are warranted to examine the effects of lowering UFR on outcomes.
Laparoscopic Nephron-Sparing Calycectomy for Treating Fraley’s Syndrome
Authors: Porpiglia Francesco , Bertolo Riccardo , Checcucci Enrico , Amparore Daniele , Manfredi Matteo , Fiori Cristian
Published: January 2018

Background/Aims/Objectives: Various nephron-sparing approaches were described as part of surgical management for Fraley’s syndrome, a rare anatomic variant of the renal vascular anatomy that compresses the upper pole infundibulum resulting in an upper calyceal obstruction and dilatation, with symptoms of flank pain and hematuria. To date, descriptions of minimally invasive correction techniques are anecdotal. Methods: A retroperitoneal pure laparoscopic approach using the nephron-sparing technique was chosen in the presented case. Results: In this report, we demonstrated that if laparoscopic calycectomy is performed without clamping of renal branches, parenchymal ischemia can be completely avoided. Additionally, the preservation of renal tissue surrounding the calyx enables the preservation of the intrasinusal segmental arteries flow, thereby avoiding their accidental closure by hemostatic sutures. Conclusions: In conclusion, Laparoscopic Nephron-Sparing Calycectomy is a safe and effective surgical procedure for the treatment of Fraley’s syndrome. Consistent laparoscopic experience is required before embarking on this kind of surgery.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ МЕДИЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ НА ЗАХІДНОУКРАЇНСЬКИХ ЗЕМЛЯХ У ДРУГІЙ ПОЛОВИНІ XVIII – XIX СТ.
Authors: Savaryn T. V.
Published: January 2018

Мета роботи – проаналізувати історію виникнення та організації навчальних закладів для підготовки медичних працівників на західноукраїнських землях у другій половині XVIII – XIX ст.Основна частина. У статті використаний бібліографічний метод вивчення бібліотечних каталогів; класифікація та систематизація джерел з історії медицини, педагогіки; хронологічний метод, що дозволив проаналізувати особливості становлення і розвитку медичної освіти у різні історичні періоди.У статті відтворено структуру системи медичної освіти на західноукраїнських землях у другій половині XVIII – XIX  ст.; уточнено відомості про професійну та наукову діяльність видатних українських лікарів цього періоду.Висновок. Визначальними критеріями процесу розвитку медичної освіти можна назвати: поступове зростання мережі закладів медичної освіти, збільшення числа кафедр, збільшення кількості студентів і викладачів у них, розширення змісту навчання, зміна рівня професійної підготовки медиків.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИКЛАДАННЯ РОЗДІЛУ “ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯ ЕНДОДОНТА” В КУРСІ “ТЕРАПЕВТИЧНА СТОМАТОЛОГІЯ” ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТІВ ІІІ КУРСУ СТОМАТОЛОГІЧНОГО ФАКУЛЬТЕТУ
Authors: Stoikevich H. V. , Lebid O. I. , Pohoretska Kh. V. , Duda K. M. , Patskan L. O.
Published: January 2018

Мета роботи – формування у студентів індивідуального підходу до кожного пацієнта, лікарського мислення, мотивації щодо вивчення матеріалу та постійного вдосконалення і поповнення теоретичних знань.Основна частина. У статті подано особливості методики викладання розділу “Періодонтит” у курсі “Терапевтична стомато­логія” студентам, які навчаються на стоматологічному факультеті, з урахуванням вимог кредитно-трансферної системи навчання.Стаття розкриває проблему підготовки висококваліфікованих лікарів-стоматологів на профільних клінічних кафедрах у вищих медичних навчальних закладах. Поєднання теоретичної підготовки з можливістю попрактикуватись на реальних пацієнтах з відповідною клінічною ситуацією дає можливість закріпити знання і готувати компетентних майбутніх лікарів з дисципліни “Стоматологія”.Висновок. Чітка організація навчального процесу під час викладання розділу “Періодонтит” для студентів третього курсу стоматологічного факультету дозволить здобути відмінні практичні навички та вміння, а також створити міцне теоретичне підґрунтя, яке дасть можливість готувати кваліфікованих лікарів-стоматологів.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ НАВЧАЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ НА КАФЕДРІ ФТИЗІАТРІЇ ДЗ “ДНІПРОПЕТРОВСЬКА МЕДИЧНА АКАДЕМІЯ МОЗ УКРАЇНИ”
Authors: Kоlisnyk N. S. , Marchenko N. A. , Chabanenko D. V. , Stadnik A. I. , Freyvald V. A.
Published: January 2018

Мета роботи – проаналізувати методи та засоби навчання, направлені на поліпшення викладання предмета “Фтизіатрія”, які застосовуються на кафедрі фтизіатрії ДЗ “Дніпропетровська медична академія МОЗ України”.Основна частина. В умовах несприятливої епідемічної ситуації та надання переваг амбулаторним моделям лікування хворих на туберкульоз в Україні виникає необхідність вдосконалювати викладання навчального матеріалу студентам-медикам на кафедрах вищих навчальних закладів.Типовий навчальний план і навчальні програми виділяють обмежену кількість годин для оволодіння дисципліною “Фтизіатрія”, віддаючи перевагу самостійній аудиторній та позааудиторній роботі студентів. Тому викладачі кафедри фтизіатрії ДЗ “Дніпропетровська медична академія МОЗ України” проводять постійний пошук сучасних методів викладання дисципліни, які сприятимуть покращенню засвоєння теоретичного і практичного матеріалу. Під час практичних занять застосовуються інтерактивні методики у вигляді рольових ігор, дискусій, роботи в групах, та допоміжний матеріал, який заохочував студентів до вивчення дисципліни. Студенти із задоволенням беруть участь в обговоренні різних ситуаційних задач, що дозволяє поглибити їх клінічне мислення та оцінити засвоєний теоретичний матеріал. Для індивідуальної роботи розроблені практикуми з самостійної роботи для студентів 4 курсу, які включають клінічні задачі з рентгенограмами, тести різного ступеня складності, задачі, малюнки та кросворди. Завдання вимагають від студента пошуку відповідей у додатковій літературі, таким чином покращуючи знання з предмета.Висновок. Підвищення зацікавлення студентів-медиків у вивченні дисципліни “Фтизіатрія” поліпшить якість надання медичної допомоги пацієнтам у майбутньому.
АКАДЕМІЧНА ОСВІТА СЕСТРИНСЬКОГО ПЕРСОНАЛУ НІМЕЧЧИНИ: РЕАЛІЇ СЬОГОДЕННЯ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Oleskova H. H.
Published: January 2018

Мета роботи – висвітлення сучасного стану та перспектив розвитку академічної освіти сестринського персоналу Німеччини і розгляд можливостей застосування німецького досвіду в Україні.Основна частина. У статті значну увагу приділено опису трактування поняття “академічна освіта”. До того ж у статті розкрито сутність поняття “академічний” і висвітлено трактування поняття “академічний ступінь”. Особливий інтерес становлять перспективи розвитку в Україні академічної освіти сестринського персоналу та можливість застосування німецького досвіду. Варто зазначити, що нині сестринський персонал у Німеччині має можливість здобуття академічної освіти, в тому числі: після успішного завершення навчання у школі медсестринства він може підвищити свою кваліфікацію із здобуттям академічного ступеня бакалавра, в подальшому – магістра у вищих навчальних закладах. Така підготовка сестринського персоналу Німеччини здійснюється за нижчевказаними академічними навчальними напрямами: “Менеджмент у медсестринстві”, “Медсестринська педагогіка”, “Медсестринство як наука” та ін. Крім того, у статті розглядаються певні положення німецького Закону “Про реформу професій у сфері догляду” від 17 липня 2017 р., а також нові вимоги до сестринського персоналу загального профілю та їх узагальненої підготовки, навчальних закладів і їх педагогічного персоналу.Висновок. Для України є цікавим вивчення німецького досвіду написання бакалаврських робіт із позицій гештальт-педагогіки, сучасних навчальних напрямів у Німеччині у галузі медсестринства, а також підготовки бакалаврів, магістрів і докторів філософії з медсестринства для викладацької та науково-дослідницької діяльності сестринського персоналу.
Back in the USSR? Nostalgia soviética na Rússia contemporânea
Authors: Rodrigues Henrique Canary
Published: January 2018

Este artigo examina o fenômeno da “nostalgia soviética” na Rússia contemporânea. Esta nostalgia pode ser definida como sendo o interesse, por parte da população russa, para com a cultura, a estética, o modo de vida e o passado soviético em geral. O fenômeno é explicado como parte das transformações ocorridas na memória coletiva do povo russo desde meados dos anos 1990 e que se aprofundaram nos últimos anos. O artigo busca também abordar a utilização deste fenômeno por parte do Estado russo no sentido da criação de uma nova ideia nacional russa, baseada na unidade nacional e no patriotismo conservador.
Strikes during the Early Soviet Period, 1922 to 1932: From Working-class Militancy to Working-Class Passivity?
Authors: Murphy Kevin
Published: January 2018

Este artigo investiga a atividade grevista no período soviético inicial. Usando os relatórios mensais da OGPU (polícia política) para Stálin, o ensaio oferece evidências estatísticas sobre a frequência, número de participantes e resoluções da atividade grevista dos trabalhadores. Discute-se que ao invés da repressão, os trabalhadores e o Estado alcançaram um “compromisso” durante a Nova Política Econômica (NEP), que posteriormente foi enfraquecida pelas medidas draconianas contra a classe trabalhadora durante o rápido processo de industrialização. O artigo apresenta os distúrbios entre os trabalhadores durante esse período final e explica por que alguns trabalhadores revidaram diferentemente da esmagadora maioria.
Entrevista com Bernardo Boris Vargaftig
Authors: Vaz Valteir , Bernardini Aurora
Published: January 2018

Esta entrevista foi realizada com o professor e cientista Bernardo Boris Vargaftig por ocasião do lançamento de sua tradução para o português de Minha vida, versão francesa da autobiografia de Leon Trótski, que culminou com as comemorações do centenário da Revolução Russa de 1917. Boris Vargaftig nasceu na Argentina em 1937, mas passou a maior parte de sua vida no Brasil, onde se formou em medicina pela USP, em 1963. Na época, militante trotskista, chegou a ser preso, mas foi libertado 52 dias depois. Convidado pelo professor Oswaldo Vital Brasil para participar da fundação do Departamento de Farmacologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da UNICAMP, por razões políticas, sua nomeação não se concretizou. Diante da perseguição política, que certamente comprometeria sua atuação profissional, foi morar na França, onde trabalhou nos renomados Instituto Pasteur e Centro Internacional de Pesquisa Merrell, desenvolvendo pesquisas no ramo da farmacologia que o colocaram às portas do Prêmio Nobel de Medicina de 1982.
Vanguardas Russas: a arte revolucionária
Authors: Cavaliere Arlete
Published: January 2018

A criação da primeira república socialista na Rússia, em 1917, provocou no mundo inteiro uma extraordinária atmosfera de inquietude e renovação nos campos social, político e cultural, cujos desdobramentos se fizeram sentir durante todo o século XX. Em 2017, comemora-se o centenário desse tempestuoso momento histórico, que gerou um dos movimentos culturais e artísticos mais surpreendentes e multifacetados da história da arte moderna, denominado vanguardas russas. Muitos artistas russos se apresentam, então, como representantes genuínos da uma nova era proletária, combinando extremismo na forma e acentuada propaganda política, a produzir uma audaciosa simbiose de variadas tendências estéticas e artísticas, vicejantes durante os anos revolucionários. Discorrer sobre essa nova concepção de arte e cultura e sobre a profusão de experiências estéticas daquele período constitui um tema de extremo interesse.
Conhecimento e atuação política: a arte e a ancestralidade africana no livro Desde que o samba é samba, de Paulo Lins
Authors: Mongim Luciana Marquesini
Published: January 2018

O artigo centra-se na leitura do livro Desde que o samba é samba, de Paulo Lins, a partir da relação entre vida e arte e da ancestralidade presentes no romance. A vida relacionada à arte evidencia um trajeto de lutas e resistências permeado pela produção e uso da música em sua potência estética e política. A ancestralidade, entendida como princípio norteador da vida dos afrodescendentes e de produções discursivas identitárias do povo que sofre a diáspora e o preconceito racial, funciona como escolha estética para narrar o surgimento do samba e enfatizar sua origem negra, configurando-se, também, como espaço de conhecimento e atuação política. A leitura proposta será fundamentada pelos pressupostos das teorias culturais de Homi Bhabha, pelas relações identitárias analisadas por Stuart Hall, pelas análises da história política e cultural negra no ocidente desenvolvidas por Paul Gilroy e pelos postulados filosóficos de Eduardo Oliveira pensados a partir da cosmovisão africana.
O peso nas costas demora a passar
Authors: Balista Lígia Rodrigues
Published: January 2018

Resenha da canção "Negras memórias" (Diogo Nazareth e Carlinhos Campos), na interpretação do grupo Quinteto Coloquial (CD "Mergulho", 2013).