bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Here We Go Again: Modern GEC Models Need Help with Spelling
Authors: Starchenko Vladimir Mironovitch , Starchenko Alexei Mironovitch
Published: February 2024

The study focuses on how modern GEC systems handle character-level errors. We discuss the ways these errors effect the performance of models and test how models of different architectures handle them. We conclude that specialized GEC systems do struggle against correcting non-existent words, and that a simple spellchecker considerably improve overall performance of a model. To evaluate it, we assess the models over several datasets. In addition to CoNLL-2014 validation dataset, we contribute a synthetic dataset with higher density of character-level errors and conclude that, provided that models generally show very high scores, validation datasets with higher density of tricky errors are a useful tool to compare models. Lastly, we notice cases of incorrect treatment of non-existent words on experts' annotation and contribute a cleared version of this dataset. In contrast to specialized GEC systems, LLaMA model used for GEC task handles character-level errors well. We suggest that this better performance is explained by the fact that Alpaca is not extensively trained on annotated texts with errors, but gets as input grammatically and orthographically correct texts
Domain Decomposition Method Usage for Parallelization and Extra Preconditioning of Viscous Incompressible Flow Simulation by Using the LS-STAG Method
Authors: Marchevsky Ilia Konstantinovich , Puzikova Valeria Valentinovna
Published: February 2024

As a rule, the main part of the computational costs in the numerical solution of problems in continuum mechanics consists in the solving of large sparse systems of linear algebraic equations. For this reason, efficient parallelization of this particular procedure can significantly speed up the simulation. To solve this problem, two main approaches can be used. The simplest approach consists in parallelizing of matrix-vector operations in a usual iterative solver. It requires several synchronization points and exchanges of coefficients at each iteration of the solver, which does not significantly speed up the simulation process as a whole. Therefore, domain decomposition methods are preferable. These methods involve dividing the computational domain into subdomains, constructing and solving separate problems in them, as well as some procedure to coordinate the solution between subdomains to ensure global convergence. Subdomains can overlap, as in the Schwartz method used in OpenFOAM, or they can be separated by interface sections, on which their own interface task is built, as in the Schur complement method. The latter method is used in this research to construct a parallel algorithm for viscous incompressible flow simulation by using the immersed boundary method LS-STAG with cut-cells and level-set functions. The resulting matrix of the interface system has a block tridiagonal structure. To speed up prototyping, OpenMP parallel programming technology is used in the software implementation of the developed algorithm, so computational experiments are carried out only on systems with shared memory, in particular on individual nodes of the educational and experimental cluster of the Applied Mathematics Department, Bauman Moscow State Technical University. To verify and evaluate the effectiveness of the developed parallel algorithm, a well-studied test problem about simulation of two-dimensional flow around a stationary circular airfoil is considered. Computations on a sequence of meshes with different numbers of subdomains show that the parallel algorithm allows one to obtain the same numerical solution as the original algorithm of the LS-STAG method, and the computed values of the Strouhal number and drag coefficient are in good agreement with the experimental and computational data known in the literature. Experiments demonstrate that the developed algorithm with domain decomposition allows to accelerate simulation even in sequential mode by reducing the number of solver iterations, i.e. the domain decomposition method acts as an additional preconditioner. Due to this property, the acceleration is superlinear when simulating in parallel mode with developed algorithm. This effect persists up to a certain number of subdomains, which depends on the size of the problem.
Development of Methods for Automating High-Level Modeling of Networks-on-Chip
Authors: Amerikanov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich , Tarzhanov Timofei Vladimirovich , Romanova Irina Ivanovn , Romanov Aleksandr Yur’yevich
Published: February 2024

The paper analyzes the existing methods to optimize the time costs and increase the accuracy of calculations in the high-level simulation of networks-on-chip. The description of parameters and characteristics of networks-on-chip calculated by different models is given, and their influence on the speed of high-level simulation is analyzed. Adaptation of existing methods of modeling optimization for implementation in the system of automation of networks-on-chip design is carried out.
Development of the Trusted Tools for IC Design on Heterogeneous FPGAs
Authors: Gavrilov Sergey Vitalievich , Zheleznikov Daniil Aleksandrovich , Zapletina Mariia Andreevna , Tiunov Ivan Victorovich , Khvatov Vasilii Mikhailovich , Chochaev Rustam Zhambolatovich , Shokarev Dmitry Borisovich
Published: February 2024

This paper focuses on the development of trusted tools for designing digital circuits in the basis of heterogeneous field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Designing heterogeneous FPGAs is one of the most actively growing areas in Russian microelectronics at present. The paper discusses the main problems and challenges associated with the development of trusted computer-aided design tools. The authors propose a relevant approach to the development of a computer-aided design system based on the use of open-source software tools together with proprietary developments for its critical components. This approach allows to increase the efficiency and reliability of the design process in the basis of heterogeneous FPGAs. The paper considers such stages of the design flow in the basis of heterogeneous FPGAs as logic synthesis and technology mapping, different stages of layout synthesis and static timing analysis. The work is of interest to specialists in the field of microelectronics, as well as to researchers involved in the development of IC design tools and systems. The research results contribute to the improvement of existing IC design methods and tools, as well as to the development and expansion of the Russian electronic component base.
Dietary iron intake aggravates dyslipidaemia by elevating ferritin levels in patients with insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bayram B. , Türker P.F.
Published: February 2024

Dietary iron intake causes the elevation of ferritin levels, and higher iron intake might improve insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between dietary iron intake and serum ferritin levels, insulin resistance, and nutritional status in patients with cardiovascular disease. Health information of individuals were obtained with a questionnaire form. There were a total of 103 patients, 59 male (57.3%) and 44 female (42.7%). Patients also filled a questionnaire on dietary habits, a 3-day food record. There was a statistically significant difference between ferritin quartiles and total cholesterol, HDL-C, non-HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and TG/HDL-C ratio (P < 0.05). Study data show that dietary iron intake was associated with the elevation of serum ferritin levels (P < 0.05) and this difference was significant in Q1 and Q4 groups in post-hoc analysis. There was a negative correlation between serum ferritin levels and total cholesterol and HDL-C in patients with insulin resistance (r = −0.384, P < 0.05; r = −0.520, P < 0.05). In conclusion we found a strong association between serum ferritin levels and inflammation, causing an oxidative stress, atherosclerosis, and bringing along cardiometabolic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 DM.
Inelastic neutron scattering: A unique tool to study hydrogen in materials
Authors: Ramirez-Cuesta Anibal , Balderas Xicohtencatl Rafael , Cheng Yongqiang
Published: February 2024

Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectroscopy can measure the vibrational spectra of materials on the whole range of vibrational motions (0–4400 cm$$^{-1}$$

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) and effectively open up the field of neutron spectroscopy. Unlike optical spectroscopy, INS is a technique mainly used to study hydrogen-containing materials due to the high cross section of hydrogen and the lack of selection rules. The VISION spectrometer at the SNS in Oak Ridge National Laboratory has a flux at low energy transfers up to 40 times over its predecessors and has unprecedented sensitivity. Neutrons penetrate easily through materials, metals in particular, making complex sample environments and gas dosing relatively easy. Comparison of the INS spectra with computer models is rigorous and necessary to interpret INS data. This paper presents examples of the technique’s unique capabilities for studying metal hydrides and molecular hydrogen in confinement.

Graphical abstract
STOCHASTIC GALERKIN METHOD AND PORT-HAMILTONIAN FORM FOR LINEAR FIRST-ORDER ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: Pulch Roland , SÃ¨te Olivier
Published: February 2024

We consider linear first-order systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) in port-Hamiltonian (pH) form. Physical parameters are remodeled as random variables to conduct an uncertainty quantification. A stochastic Galerkin
projection yields a larger deterministic system of ODEs, which does not exhibit a pH form in general. We apply transformations of the original systems such that the stochastic Galerkin projection becomes structure-preserving. Furthermore, we investigate meaning and properties of the Hamiltonian function belonging to the stochastic Galerkin system. A large number of random variables implies a high-dimensional stochastic Galerkin system, which suggests itself to apply model order reduction (MOR) generating a low-dimensional system of ODEs. We discuss structure preservation in projection-based MOR, where the smaller systems of ODEs feature pH form again. Results of numerical computations are presented using two test examples.
Posterior Reversible Encephalitis Syndrome (PRES) in a paediatric patient in the intensive care unit
Authors: Mata-Perera C , López-Álvarez JM , Lorenzo-Villegas DL
Published: February 2024

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) is an entity that has gained importance in recent years. The diagnosis is clinical-radiological. Clinically, the patient presents neurological alterations such as headache, decreased level of consciousness, seizures, and visual disturbances. Radiologically, it includes cerebral oedema, predominantly of the white matter of parietal-occipital regions on magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple situations can trigger this condition, including high blood pressure, immunosuppressants, steroids, and chemotherapy well-known risk factors. An early diagnosis and adequate treatment are essential to avoid the appearance of sequelae in these patients. This case consists of a patient diagnosed at 11 years of age with a bifocal non-germline tumour in the brain who, after treatment with chemotherapy, presented a clinical deterioration with instability compatible with septic shock. Subsequently, he presented a sudden alteration in the level of consciousness accompanied by hypertension and renal failure, which was suspected of PRES after a brain CT imaging test.
BAF_Protocol_002 On-Bead Digestion (Magnetic Beads) of Proteins in Solution or Provided Already on Beads v1
Authors: not provided nesf
Published: February 2024

This protocol is used to more easily digest a tissue or cell protein lysate (after precipitation and reconstitution) on a magnetic bead for easier manipulation and washing. The protocol from step 13 on would be used for proteins already captured on a magnetic beads such as antibody (IP) or avidin coated - usually as an enrichment step. The proteins are easily washed to remove contaminants such as detergents or salts. The resulting peptide mixture can be further purified using a C18 tip such as our Protocol 003.
General fungi ITS2 (ITS4ngsUni - fITS7) for Illumina amplicon sequencing v1
Authors: Angel Roey
Published: February 2024

A general assay for the preparation of PCR amplicons for further analysis of fungal communities by Illumina amplicon sequencing. The primers target the 2nd internal transcribed spacer region (ITS2) of the ribosomal RNA gene and were specifically designed for Illumina amplicon sequencing. The ITS4ngsUni primer was designed by Tedersoo et al. (2016) as a universal primer for nearly all eukaryotes, and the fITS7 primer was designed by Ihrmark et al. (2012) as a fungal-specific primer. The ITS2 region primer pair should capture a higher diversity compared to primers targeting the ITS1 region. For barcoding, we use the Fludigm Access Array, and therefore, the primers are synthesized with the CS1 and CS2 regions. When working with soil samples, we usually obtain amplicons in the range of 300-500bp. Double bands are often observed.
Sinai SCENT TMC - Peripheral Blood Collection v1
Authors: Bermejo Santos , Kim Sojin , J Lee Patty
Published: February 2024

This Standard Operating Procedure is to provide guidance toresearch team members who are involved in the retrieval, processing, and storing of peripheral blood samples obtained from research participants. The research team shall use this SOP within the scope of an IRB-approved protocol.
Real-time PCR bacterial DNA detection v1
Authors: Macedo Rita
Published: February 2024

The identification of bacterial species through molecular techniques is faster and more accurate than phenotypic identification. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene can potentially be applied to identify a large number of bacteria. The use of universal primers designed for the sequence of the 16S rRNA gene, a conserved region among Eubacteria, allows for an initial approach to their identification by amplifying this region and subsequently sequencing the amplified fragment. Most of the time, identification is possible at the species level; however, in some cases, identification is only done at the genus level, thus requiring the use of specific primers for a more comprehensive identification. The primers used in this assay amplify all genera of Eubacteria, except for the genera Rickettsia, Coxiella, and Mycoplasma, as well as genera belonging to the Phyla Spirochaetes and Chlamydiae.
Structural Analysis of 20S CPs and Assembly Intermediates by Electron Cryo-Microscopy v1
Authors: Adolf Frank
Published: February 2024

This protocol details methods for structural determination by transmission electron cryo-microscopy of 20S CPs and assembly intermediates.
Press Subsidies and Business Performance of Newspaper Publishing in Three Nordic Media Welfare States
Authors: Grönlund Mikko , Villi Mikko , Ala-Fossi Marko
Published: February 2024

The Nordic countries have been regarded as so-called “media welfare states.” Despite the large amount of public money used on press subsidies over the decades in the Nordic countries, there is not much academic research on the financial performance of the newspaper publishing industry in these countries. This study examines the “media welfare state” approach to public support for newspapers and the financial performance of newspaper companies in three Nordic countries: Finland, Sweden, and Norway. Our data consists of the key financial figures of newspaper publishing companies in the aforementioned countries from 2005 to 2019. Based on our analysis, we argue that direct press subsidies in Sweden and Norway have not been able to prevent a decrease in the number of titles and, importantly, have resulted in a number of subsidy-dependent news outlets unable to survive on their own income. By contrast, the Finnish newspaper publishing industry has been in a better financial situation in terms of almost all indicators and throughout the review period, despite Finland abandoning direct press subsidies in the 1990s.
Building Party Support Abroad: Turkish Diaspora Organisations in Germany and the UK
Authors: Yener-Roderburg Inci Öykü , Yetiş Erman Örsan
Published: February 2024

This article covers a unique form of political mobilisation within the Turkey-originated diasporic community in Europe that formed after Turkey introduced external voting in 2012. Although existing literature has paid attention to the impact of homeland political parties on external voting rights and diaspora organisations’ role in electoral campaigns, these organisations’ impact on members’ mobilisation capacities for certain homeland parties remains understudied. This article tackles this topic by first comparing Turkey-originated diaspora organisations in Germany and the UK. Secondly, it guides future empirical work on the impact of the diaspora organisations on remote partisans’ political orientation by taking the dominant emigrant profile in a residence country dimension into the study of external voting. Focusing on eligible Turkish citizens, the findings of this article are based on participant observation and 60 in-depth interviews conducted with remote voters who participated in the mobilisation of Turkey-based political parties in Germany between 2018 and 2023 and in the UK between 2021 and 2023 through diaspora organisations.
Long-Term Infrasound Sensor Calibration and Characterization
Authors: Fee David , Merchant Bion John
Published: February 2024

Previous testing has shown that infrasound sensors deployed in the field can exhibit notable deviations from their nominal, lab-based calibrations. These variations may be due to changes in environmental conditions, long-term sensor drift, or other unresolved features. In early 2018, we installed two identical infrasound elements with five infrasound sensors at each element (Chaparral M50A, Chaparral M64LN, CEA/Martec MB2005, CEA/Seismowave MB3a, and Hyperion IFS-5113A). These sensors were accepted or under consideration for use in the International Monitoring System network of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. Each element had all sensors connected to a single digitizer and port to the atmosphere. We also recorded instrument enclosure air temperature and humidity and external air temperature. Using the MB2005 as the reference, we examine the relative sensor response (both magnitude and phase) as a function of time and frequency and compare it with quarterly laboratory calibrations and environmental conditions. We find that the magnitude response for all sensors exhibits some variability in both the lab and field, with the amplitude variations often >5%. The field-based variations are more severe and occur on both long-term (months) and short-term (hours) timescales. Short-term variability correlates with changes in environmental conditions and is considerable (up to 25%) for the Chaparral M50A and noticeable (∼5%) for the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) MB3a. Long-term magnitude variability for the Chaparral M50A was up to 50% and does not clearly correlate with environmental conditions. The other sensors show some long-term magnitude offsets, but they have relatively stable responses in the conditions we examined. The MB3a also displays some frequency-dependent magnitude variability and shows a minor dependence on temperature. Phase estimates are stable and near zero for all sensors tested. These results strongly suggest sensor response and variability due to environmental conditions should be considered in future infrasound data interpretation and sensor selection and development.
La caída de Cea Bermúdez y la ruptura con el absolutismo. Redes relacionales y acción de las elites
Authors: Pierre Arnaud
Published: February 2024

La caída del poder del último ministro de Fernando VII, Francisco de Cea Bermúdez, marcó el final definitivo del absolutismo en España y fue el principio del proceso que llevó a la instauración de un régimen liberal en el contexto de la guerra carlista. Este artículo defiende que esta ruptura fue impuesta a la regenta María Cristina de Borbón por una fuerte corriente de opinión pública, canalizada por las redes familiares y de afinidad de la clase política de la monarquía, cuyos integrantes actuaron por convicción ideológica sincera de que una mayor representación de la nación era necesaria, tanto o más que por sus propios intereses. Asimismo, argumenta que el papel de los militares no fue específico y debe integrarse dentro de las redes propias de los funcionarios de la monarquía. Finalmente, el texto destaca el papel desempeñado por Francisco Javier Castaños y su sobrino Pedro Agustín Girón, marqués de las Amarillas.
Autoritarismo administrativo, sociedad desmovilizada: Laureano López Rodó y los orígenes del desarrollismo franquista
Authors: Hofmann Anna Catharina
Published: February 2024

Este artículo explica la reinvención del régimen de Franco como dictadura desarrollista reconstruyendo los orígenes científicos y filosóficos de esa estrategia de legitimación en la figura de Laureano López Rodó, secretario general técnico de la Presidencia del Gobierno (1956-‍1962) y comisario del Plan de Desarrollo (1962-‍1973). A través de un enfoque biográfico combinado con los métodos de la historia intelectual y de ideas, se examinarán los conceptos de Estado y de sociedad que el artífice de la política desarrollista de Franco elaboró a lo largo de su carrera académica en las décadas de 1940 y 1950. De este modo, se demostrará que dichos conceptos tuvieron su fuente de inspiración en la legislación administrativa de Francia y del Portugal salazarista. Además, estaban influidos por las teorías estadounidenses de scientific management, los trabajos del Instituto Internacional de Ciencias Administrativas y las reflexiones del jurista alemán Ernst Forsthoff. Al mismo tiempo, se expondrá que el intento de estabilizar el régimen a través de la eficiencia administrativa y el éxito económico estaba vinculado a un modelo específico de sociedad, que se basaba en una amplia despolitización y en la transformación de los ciudadanos en administrados.
Association of upper extremity anthropometry and subcutaneus adipose tissue with carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Darol Elif Sarica , Çiçekli Esen , Sayan Saadet , Kotan Dilcan , Alemdar Murat
Published: February 2024

Background and purpose – Body mass index (BMI) is positively correlated with the frequency of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, there are different types of obesity, and the localization of adipose tissue differs between the genders. In this study, we purposed to investigate whether there was an association between the amount of local adipose tissue thickness and anthropometry in upper extremity with the presence and/or electrophysiological severity of CTS on both genders. Methods – Our study included 150 patients who were diagnosed with CTS clinically and electrophysiologically and 165 healthy controls. The biceps and triceps skinfold thickness, the diameters of the wrist and metacarpal joints, and the upper arm circumferences over the belly of the biceps muscle were measured by using skinfold caliper and measuring cylinder. All data were analyzed by using the Statistics Open For All package (SofaStats) programme. To detect the role of anthropometric indexes, we used multivariable multinomial logistic regression models. Results – We revealed that BMI, biceps and triceps adipose tissue thicknesses were higher in females and also in patients with CTS. There was a positive correlation between electrophysiological grades of CTS and BMI with logistic regression analyzes. The mean Wrist circumference/Metacarpopharengeal Circumference ratio and biceps circumference were higher in moderate CTS groups. Metacarpofarengeal circumference was smaller in mild and moderate CTS cases compared to healthy ones. Conclusion – We suggest that the differences between the anatomical bone structure and local adiposity between the genders may play an important role in the occurrence of CTS. Moreover, the structures of proximal muscle groups and distal metacarpal joints may contribute both to the development and severity of CTS.
Ayurveda as a Supportive Treatment: A Case Report on Integrative Management of Intracranial Haemorrhage
Authors: Bhasimon Preethy , Mohan Aswathy , Sourabh Radhika
Published: February 2024

Stroke is one of the leading causes of adult neurological disability across the globe. Currently, Intracranial Haemorrhage (ICH) has the highest mortality rate of all stroke subtypes. An ICH accounts for only 15% of all stroke subtypes but is one of the most disabling forms of stroke. Over one-third of patients with ICH do not survive and only 20% regain functional independence. This high rate of morbidity and mortality has prompted investigations into new medical and alternative medical therapies for ICH. The stroke is defined in the context of pakshaghata as a vatavyadhi affecting the madhyama rogamarga in which the siras and snayus are affected. The patient was administered to Rookshana followed by oleation, fomentation, purification, enema, and nasal purgation along with selected samana drugs. Assessments were done before and after treatment using Medical Research Council (MRC) Scales, Modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scales (NIHSS). The assessments revealed a positive approach to external and internal Ayurvedic treatments as a supporting treatment for the management of stroke due to ICH. The gradual recovery was promising and worth documenting.
A Study on Biologically Active Components in Morinda citrifolia Leaf Extract and its Anti-cancer Effect by In Vitro Analysis and In Silico Molecular Docking Method
Authors: Greeshma K. P. , R. Thamizselvi  , Muthulingam S. , John Sam , Sen Dhanya B.
Published: February 2024

Nowadays, most antiviral drugs are plant-based due to their low toxicity and high resistance. Morinda citrifolia (Noni) is such a perennial shrub a popular plant based medicine due to its wide therapeutic applications. The phytochemicals present in its fruit as well as its leaf have many antiviral properties and can enhance the human immune system. Herein, we report the identification of bioactive components present in the Morinda citrifolia (Noni) ethanolic leaf extract by GC-MS analysis and their biological interaction with human parallel-stranded 7-mer g-quadruplex DNA of MCF-7 using Biovia Discovery Studio software. In vitro analysis by MTT assay of the same extract reported a living cells of 59.74% at 100 µg/ml. The GC-MS analysis of ethanolic leaf extract revealed the presence of 27 bioactive components, and out of these, six major components were interacted with cancer DNA. The molecular docking interaction identified the most active bio component Phytol, with a binding energy of -27.0796 Kcal/mol. this value is much better than the commercially available doxorubicin. This novel study will provide insight into the development of bioactive components from Morinda citrifolia leaf extract against human breast cancer with minimal side effects.
Management of Primary Hyperhidrosis With Patolakaturohinyadi Kashayam and Shireeshadi Choornam (Avachoornana) – A Case Report
Authors: Deepthikrishna G. , Soman Devipriya
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
              Primary focal hyperhidrosis (primary hyperhidrosis) is a pathological disorder characterised by excessive sweating in the local sites such as the palmar surface of the hands, axillae, soles and face to a degree that interferes with daily life in affected persons. This case report brings into light an innovative management of Primary Hyperhidrosis. Ayurvedic formulations such as Patolakaturohinyadi Kashayam for internal use and Shireeshadi Choornam as Avachoornana for external use were administered for this condition. After 35 days, the patient was re-examined and there was a significant change in Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL hydration values and Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS) and Hyperhidrosis Quality of Life (HidroQOL) scores.
Etiological Factors and Parental Coping in Congenital Heart Malformations
Authors: Moisa Stefana , Butnariu Lacramioara , Ripa Carmen Valerica , Cobzaru Roxana Gabriela , Trandafir Laura
Published: February 2024

The etiology of congenital heart malformations is still insufficiently known. Many genetic mutations exert their action through various mechanisms on neural crest signaling, acting on neural cell migration and altering bulboconal region formation or resorbtion. Some studies evaluate the role of punctual or noncoding mutations, while others highlight the teratogen effect of retinoic acid or ethanol, or discuss the role of maternal diabetes or pregnancy rubella. The etiology of congenital heart malformations is complex and multifactorial and requires further studies. The impact on the family of a child with a congenital heart malformation is significant and various coping mechanisms are employed by parents to address the issue.
Optimism As A Resource And Form Of Manifesting Positive Affectiveness In The Elderly And Young Adults Pre-Pandemic Vs Pandemic – Comparative Study
Authors: Moroianu Lavinia Alexandra , Curis Cecilia , Moroianu Marius , Stefanescu Cristina , Ciubara Anamaria
Published: February 2024

The present study represents a meta-analysis carried out using the term optimism as a form of manifestation of positive affectivity from a double perspective, namely: reporting to two periods, pre-pandemic and pandemic and to two age categories, young adults and old people. Two types of psychological intervention factors were analyzed in the mentioned categories, in the pre-pandemic period, namely, a period of financial stability vs pre-pandemic financial instability, respectively, the spectrum of the pandemic generating anxiety, illness and death as markers of emotional balance. The meta-analysis indirectly quantified the interest in scientific research regarding optimism as a psychological resource, through the number of published articles related to this psychological variable. Material and method: The study is a comparative and cross-sectional meta-analysis of articles published in the PubMed database during 2008-2011, 2016-2019 and 2020-2023. Data processing was carried out using the Microsoft Excel application. Results: The comparative analysis between young people and the elderly ones regarding the studies published in the period 2008-2011 with the psychological variable "optimism" in their study shows a 15.65 times higher number of studies in terms of articles about seniors. Also, the comparative analysis of the number of studies published in the period 2008-2023 for the two age categories is clearly in favor of the elderly, the ratio being 1 to 12.8. It is possible that this fact is due to the greater addressability of the health systems of the elderly. The comparative analysis led to the conclusion that optimism as a form of manifestation of positive affectivity was studied more frequently in the third age patients being considered an important resource for them due to its attenuation with advancing age and by diminishing personal resources as a consequence of cognitive impairment and emotional lability. In young people, optimism is a psychological component present in a greater proportion and constitutes the premises of ecological emotional and cognitive manifestations. Conclusions: The meta-analysis revealed differences regarding research interest related to optimism as a manifestation of positive affectivity in relation to the periods studied and to the mentioned age categories. In relation to optimism per se, it represents an important resource at any age and it is dependent on a series of factors that are related to the period of life but also to the situational context, without discussing the personality type of the individual and a series of co-factors (transgenerational, educational, cultural, geographical, etc.).
Phenomenological Study of the Experience of Infertility in Romanian Patients: The Female Perspective
Authors: Silistraru Ioana , Ciubara Anamaria , Soroceanu Radu Petru , Roșca Stefan , Ciubotaru Alin Dumitru , Simionescu Gabriela
Published: February 2024

The subjective experience of infertility, the emotions, thoughts and problems stated in the patients' narratives show that thepsycho-social impact of infertility is real, and patients need permanent support, the recent qualitative studies suggest. Thepresent paper explores the patients' experiences with a diagnosis of female or male infertility from the perspective ofpatients undergoing IVF to become pregnant. The sample included 17 participants, patients of a private reproductivehealth and fertility clinic in Iasi, Romania. Patients were interviewed based on a semi-structured interview guide to obtaininformation about the infertility experience, from diagnosis to IVF procedures, regardless of the therapeutic approach.The data was enriched through observation notes. The data obtained were analyzed from a qualitative perspective, with aphenomenological approach, to describe and interpret the experience of infertility from the patient's perspective tounderstand and deepen the diagnosis's effect on personal, social and couple life. Six theme clusters emerged from thecollected data related to the perceived definition of maternity, the personal infertility story, the array of identifiedemotions, couple dynamics, perceived social support and coping strategies. The body of literature gives increased interestto the biomedical aspect of infertility. However, its completion with information related to the patient's life context and themeanings attributed to it provides relevant data for therapeutic success.
The Integration of Psychological Intervention in the Multimodal Treatment of Patients with Prostate Cancer and Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Valcu Elena Gabriela , Firescu Dorel , Constantin Georgiana Bianca , Rahnea-Nita Gabriela , Rahnea-Nita Roxana-Andreea , Șerban Cristina , Rebegea Laura Florentina
Published: February 2024

Male sexual dysfunction refers to a lack of attraction and a lack of normal sexual performance. The most common sexual dysfunction in men is erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve an erection or to sustain satisfactory sexual intercourse. Sexual dysfunction is associated with oncological treatment, having a significant impact on the quality of life. Sexuality is a frantic sense of awakening to life, it is excitement and a lot of energy, it gives the feeling of invincibility, it is the opposite of death. For many cancer patients, getting an erection is a negative problematic experience, combined with feelings of hopelessness, depression, accompanied by loss of self-esteem. Taking into account the medical aspect, the present paper highlights the interpersonal psychological aspect with reference to the cognitive-behavioural model. The present analysis describes the problem of sexual dysfunction and illustrates a panorama of therapeutic models to plan an effective intervention. This study aims to perform a review of the evidence on the role of cognitive-behavioural psychotherapy in addressing erectile dysfunction problems in prostate cancer patients. An extensive bibliographic search of online database and relevant manuscripts was followed.
An Insidious Comorbidity: Depression and Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Petriș Antoniu Octavian
Published: February 2024

Depression and heart failure (HF) are in a close bilateral relationship: the appearance of one is potentiated by the other entity and the effects on the outcome are amplified within this ”dangerous liaison”. Depression is present in about one in five HF patients and is severe in almost half of them. The risk factors for depression in HF are female gender, elderly, the severity of HF symptoms, a history of isolated systolic hypertension or coronary heart disease (CHD), previous hospitalization and previous depressive episodes. Depression in HF patients increases medication non-adherence, is associated with poor outcomes after heart transplantation and is predictive of events and mortality in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). The current assumptions related to the physiopathological mechanisms include a common genetic polymorphisms, inflammation, generalized immune system disturbance, disturbances of platelet function, increased catecholamine levels, deamination of monoamines linked with monoamine oxidase activity, a dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system, increased serotonin levels, ischemia, life-style and medication non-compliance, a poor familial support and social isolation. Assessment of cognitive functioning should be part of routine clinical examination in HF, the diagnosis of depression is based on questionnaires (e.g. Patient Health Questionnaire-2 - PHQ-2) and on clinical interview. There is still no consensus on the best therapy for HF patients with depression (non-pharmacological and pharmacological therapies) but, for sure, depression in HF is harder to treat.
Podmiotowe uwarunkowania męskości, kobiecości i androgynii
Authors: Lipińska-Grobelny Agnieszka
Published: February 2024

The 1960’s view of gender role orientation held that masculinity and femininity were at opposite ends of the same continuum. Bem challenged this concept by suggesting that masculinity and femininity were actually separate continuums, allowing individuals to endorse both characteristics. Bem described four categories of gender: sex-typed individuals, androgynous individuals, undifferentiated individuals and cross-sex-typed individuals. The authoress of this article conducted researches, delivering five techniques: IPP by Kuczyńska, NEO-FFI by Costa & McCrae, PTS by Strelau & Zawadzki, SD by Ray and MSS by Merrill & Reid to the group of 145 persons. The results indicate several significant differences that may be applied to various domains of life for example to the procedure of recruitment and selection.
Nastrój a racjonalność myślenia w zależności od dominującego mechanizmu regulacji zachowania
Authors: Wróbel Monika
Published: February 2024

The article addresses the issue of the relationship between cognitive and affective processes, in particular mood and thinking. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between mood and rational reasoning as well as the role of the systems of direct and indirect regulation of behaviour in this process. Two study groups (N = 51 and N = 53), a control group (N = 51) and a group of so-called “listening persons” (N = 104) took part in the study. The following measures were used: Mood Scale, Tasks Set, Questionnaire for Listening Person (the author’s techniques) and A. Kolańczyk’s AR Scale. The results show that those in whom negative mood was induced, solved tasks better and were more aware of their sensual experiences than those in whom positive mood was induced (which increased the awareness of reflections). However, the hypothesis that greater rationality of reasoning results from the interactive influence of both mood and systems of regulation of behaviour activity was not supported.
Niektóre aspekty przetwarzania obrazów wizualnych
Authors: Młodkowski Jan
Published: February 2024

Image is a fundamental concept for the subject being presented. The word “image” has especially multiple meanings. This paper contains some connotations of the notion of image with common knowledge, philosophy, physics, physiology and psychology. As the general conclusion coming from the presented review is the approval of the conception of image as a contemporary mentality paradigm. Philosophers actually tested if the world without the image as a constructional element is possible and how it could look like, and if the image is possible to exist without its object. In the cognitive psychology image processing is interpreted depending on the position regarding the number of existing codes. This paper refers to the author’s opinion that content processing depends on the form, vocabulary and alphabet that are used to express this content. The specificity of visual image processing is characterized by multidimensionality, adaptivity, intermodality and elasticity. These notions are explained in the paper.
Perspectivas multimetodológicas de investigaciones en educación científica: Una revisión desde dimensiones paradigmáticas
Authors: Lorduy Danny
Published: February 2024

Este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar los aportes de investigaciones desde perspectivas multimetodológicas y dimensiones paradigmáticas que permitan auspiciar estudios sinérgicos y sistémicos en educacióncientífica. El tipo de investigación propuesto fue mixto, de diseño no experimental y nivel transversal descriptivo  simple, mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura (RSL) utilizando estudios epistemológicos y protocolos de metaanálisis según PRISMA en diferentes fuentes de datos internacionales entre el 2000-2020. La calidad general (Cg) de la búsqueda se obtuvo con un índice de confianza del 95% mediante una lista de verificación PRISMA einstrumento de evaluación de ítems de las publicaciones. Los resultados obtenidos dan cuenta de un insuficiente reporte de investigaciones multimetodológicas desde las dimensiones paradigmáticas ontológicas, epistemológicas, metodológicas y tecnológicas. Las veintidós publicaciones primarias son principalmente teóricas, esto quiere decir que utilizan metodologías que requieren más validación empírica para ser aceptadas. A partir de estos resultados se abre un importante panorama hacia futuras investigaciones en este campo, permitiendo consolidar la construcción de una teoría sustantiva que explicite nuevas formas de investigar en educación científica, debido a que, por su naturaleza compleja, generalmente, no encuentran respuestas satisfactorias desde enfoques individuales.
Pengendalian Kutu Beras (Sitophilus oryzae l.) Secara Organik
Authors: Rahma Rahma , Pramudi Muhammad Indar , Liestiany Elly
Published: February 2024

Rice weevils can cause damage to rice in warehouses, so it is necessary to control them in an environmentally friendly manner. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of various types of organic pesticides used on rice weevils (Sitophilus oryzae L.). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of 6 treatments applied during the imago stage. Each treatment consisted of 4 replications so that the experimental units obtained were 24 experiments. The results of the research show that the use of vegetable pesticides has the potential to kill rice weevils. Mortality observations obtained very significantly different results, where the open eco enzyme (TT) treatment with a percentage of 72.50% was a treatment that had an influence on rice weevil mortality. All treatments were able to kill rice weevils. from percentage 35 to 72.5. All botanical pesticides used can suppress the rice weevil population for up to 4 weeks after application and there is an increase thereafter and repeated applications are necessary to suppress the population.
Effect of a Gluten Free Diet in Whole Gut Transit Time in Celiac Disease (CD) and Non-gluten Celiac Sensitivity (NGCS) Patients. A Study Using the Wireless Motility Capsule (WMC)
Authors: Cobos-Quevedo Orestes , Hernandez Gildardo Alfonso , Rivera-Gutiérrez Xaira Jimena , Grube-Pagola Peter , Remes-Troche Jose Maria
Published: February 2024

Background: This study explores the impact of a gluten-free diet (GFD) on regional gastrointestinal (GI) transit times in individuals with celiac disease (CD) and non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NGCS). While a GFD is established for managing CD and wheat allergy, its effects on NGCS remain controversial due to inconclusive evidence. Methods: Utilizing a wireless motility and pH capsule (WMC) to assess regional and whole gut transit, newly diagnosed CD (n=12) and NGCS (n=12) patients underwent baseline evaluations, including measurements of gastric, small bowel, and colonic transit times. Results: At baseline conditions, individuals diagnosed with CD exhibited prolonged colonic and intestinal transit times when compared to those with NGCS (p<0.05). Following a 4-week GFD, CD patients experienced significant reductions in both intestinal and colonic transit times, along with enhanced small intestine contractility. NGCS individuals showed improvements in intestinal transit time and contractility with a GFD, although the colon exhibited no discernible effect. The GFD did not significantly impact intragastric, intestinal, or colonic pH. Conclusions: This study, employing WMC for the first time, provides novel insights into the positive effects of a GFD on intestinal and colonic transit, as well as contractility, in CD patients, and to a lesser extent, in those with NGCS.
The Adaptive Immune Response against Bunyaviruses
Authors: Alatrash Reem , Herrera Bobby Brooke
Published: February 2024

The Bunyavirales order includes at least fourteen families with diverse but related viruses, which are transmitted to vertebrate hosts by arthropod or rodent vectors. These viruses are responsible for an increasing number of outbreaks worldwide and represent a threat to public health. Infection in humans can be asymptomatic, or it may present with a range of conditions from a mild, febrile illness to severe hemorrhagic syndromes and/or neurological complications. There is a need to develop safe and effective vaccines, a process requiring better understanding of the adaptive immune responses involved during infection. This review highlights the most recent findings regarding T cell and antibody responses to the five bunyavirus families with known human pathogens (Peribunyaviridae, Phenuiviridae, Hantaviridae, Nairoviridae, and Arenaviridae). Future studies that define and characterize mechanistic correlates of protection against bunyavirus infections or disease will help inform the development of effective vaccines.
Whose Frame of Reference? Constructions of Body Frame Size through a New Genre of Health Literacy Texts That Explore Children’s Frame of Mind and Behavioral Intentions
Authors: Ubbes Valerie A.
Published: February 2024

Functional health literacy is the ability to read, write, and speak about health. Functional health literacy events can nudge the development of children’s health identity when using valid and reliable reading materials that portray the “what, where, when, why, and with whom” to eat nutritious foods and be physically active. Children who lack social role models for healthy eating and physical activity may also lack development in language and motor skills. Therefore, literacy-rich environments are needed when developing cognitive-motor language skills with children. Children with obesogenic body frames can gain from the production of childcentric health narratives that draw upon the Habits of Mind and Habits of Health© Model to produce Electronic Texts for Health Literacy©. When health professionals plan and implement functional health literacy events so children can read, write, and speak about their own health, new behavioral patterns and routines emerge into performances of understanding. Constructivist pedagogical approaches can help children to create health narratives using multimodal language while practicing health literacy skills as a foundational impetus to health behaviors. Children who struggle with obesity can also gain social agency when writing with peer partners who serve as supportive collaborators when developing interactive health literacy.