bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PATTERN OF INTERNET USE AMONG YOUTHS IN SELECTED RURAL COMMUNITIES OF YEWA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OGUN STATE NIGERIA
Authors: ADUBI K. O. , AKINBODE O. O.
Published: August 2021

Youths living in rural communities have limited access to internet resources. Majority who have access to it have used it for limited purposes. The study investigated pattern of internet use among youths in the study area. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 245 youths for the study. Questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result showed more males used internet more than female (i.e 73.5% and 26.5%) respectively. Many of them (86.4%) were within ages 18-22, above average were Christians (69.4%) while the remaining were Muslims respectively. Their variations in their use of mobile platforms and applications are as follows: 82.9% used 2go, 42.4% used facebook, 54.3% used SMS, while 8.2% used it for online transactions like purchase of products. Ranking their frequent usage, 2go ranked highest followed by SMS among others. It was found there existed a significant association between respondents’ age and pattern of internet use. It was established that youths in the communities used the internet for various purposes ranging from social to economic and religious purposes.
GENDER ANALYSIS OF ASSET INEQUALITIES WITHIN RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA.
Authors: OYEDEPO E. O.
Published: August 2021

This article examines the evidence available on the distribution of assets by gender in rural households in Ogun State, Nigeria. One of the contributions of feminist economics has been to demonstrate that household and individual welfare are not necessarily the same. Relatively very little work has been done to show gender disparity in ownership of assets in rural Nigeria though gender asset distribution have been found to impact household decisions, women’s wellbeing and poverty alleviation. Primary data was collected from a total of 260 households selected through a multistage sampling procedure. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study finds that an average rural household in the sample was made up of six persons and households were predominantly headed by males (88%). The mean worth of households’ physical assets was ₦ 1,218,308.20, about 15% of which was owned by women. Based on these findings the study recommends that the economic situation of women should be enhanced by promoting their access to productive assets through indigenous savings, credit associations and micro financing. This will enable our society attain the sustainable development goals of gender equality and maternal wellbeing.
PERCEPTION OF FACILITATORS ON THE INTRODUCTION OF THE USE OF MOBILE PHONE FOR INSTRUCTION IN ADULT LITERACY PROGRAMMES IN IBADAN METROPOLIS
Authors: ADELORE O. O. , ODEDINA J. M.
Published: August 2021

This study investigated the perception of facilitators on the use of mobile phone for instruction in adult literacy programmes. The survey research design was adopted and the purposive sampling technique used in selecting fifty (50) participants for the study. Data collected through a set of researcher-designed questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistics of simple percentages and frequency counts. Results revealed that facilitators have a positive perception on the use of mobile phone for administrative and instructional purposes (Weighted Average (WA) = 3.15). Challenges likely to be faced by adult literacy facilitators in the use of mobile phones in adult literacy programmes include lack of adequate training (mean=3.24), limited number of file formats supported by a specific mobile phone (mean=3.00), additional time needed to develop learning materials for delivery on mobile phone (mean=3.20), risk of distraction (mean=3.00), insufficient knowledge and skills of facilitators on mobile phone use (mean=2.84) and the appropriate content and language of instruction  (mean=3.04, SD=0.75). It was recommended based on these findings that government at all levels should endeavour to organise regular and adequate training for facilitators on the use of mobile phone for adult learning.
MANAGERIAL SHARE OWNERSHIP AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE DECISION OF NIGERIAN LISTED NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS
Authors: KAJOLA S. O. , APELOGUN K. H. , OWORU O. O.
Published: August 2021

The paper examined the relationship between managerial share ownership and leverage of 35 non-financial firms listed on the floor of the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The study covered the period 2005-2014. Using panel data regression analysis and fixed effects model (with least squares as an estimation technique), result revealed a positive and significant relationship between leverage and managerial share ownership. This suggested that managerial share ownership, an important internal corporate governance mechanism, played an important role in a company’s capital structure decision. The outcome of this study was supported by some prior empirical studies and provided evidence of alignment of the interests of management and shareholders as proposed by the Agency theory. It is recommended that Nigerian companies should encourage management to own shares in companies where they serve as directors as this will reduce managerial incentives to consume perquisites and expropriation of shareholders’ wealth or investing in unprofitable projects.
HIERARCHICAL MODELLING OF INDOOR AND OUTDOOR (RESIDENTIAL) RADON DATA (RRD)
Authors: DAWODU G. A. , MUSTAPHA A. O.
Published: August 2021

This work, proposes a Hierarchical Modelling (HM) for the indoor and outdoor Residential Radon Data (RRD). Indoor RRD and outdoor RRD are seen as distinct «¤??hierarchies«¤?? of carcinogenic radioactive radon and both hierarchies constitute the least exposure that can be experienced by an individual. Works on this issue have always been based on complicated models, even for single instances of both indoor and outdoor residential radon. Our proposed method can be used to analyse effectively the many-to-many (it, however, becomes numerically clumsy if more than 5-to-5 instances are considered) instances of residential radon, although we have illustrated, here, using a three-to-three situation. Our preference of this method is based on its simplicity, and probable higher precision, as compared with the complexity involved in other methods on the same issue. The data used for the illustration of our models were taken from the indoors (i.e. living-room, bedroom and the kitchen) and the rest outdoors (i.e. verandah, car-park and the well-water shed) of a residential building in a lightly populated estate (i.e. Asero housing estate). Observations were taken on a daily basis throughout the dry season covering ninety days (i.e. January, February and March), this constitutes our season I (i.e. dry). The same was repeated in the season II (i.e. wet) which was taken at the beginning of June through July and August.ª¤?ª¤?ª¤?ª¤?ª¤?ª¤?ª¤?ª¤?
PREDICTING STUDENTS«¤?? GRADE SCORES USING TRAINING FUNCTIONS OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: KALEJAYE B. A. , FOLORUNSO O. , USMAN O. L.
Published: August 2021

The observed poor quality of graduates of some Nigerian Universities in recent times has been traced to non-availability of adequate mechanism. This mechanism is expected to assist the policy maker project into the future performance of students, in order to discover at the early stage, students who have no tendency of doing well in school. This study focuses on the use of artificial neural network (ANN) model for predicting students«¤?? academic performance in a University System, based on the previous datasets. The domain used in the study consists of sixty (60) students in the Department of Computer and Information Science, Tai Solarin University of Education in Ogun State, who have completed four academic sessions from the university. The codes were written and executed using MATLAB format. The students«¤?? CGPA from first year through their third year were used as the inputs to train the ANN models constructed using nntool and the Final Grades (CGPA) served as a target output. The output predicted by the networks is expressed in-line with the current grading system of the case study. CGPA values simulated by the network are compared with the actual final CGPA to determine the efficacy of each of the three feed-forward neural networks used. Test data evaluations showed that the ANN model is able to predict correctly, the final grade of students with 91.7% accuracy.ª¤?
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A PALM KERNE NUT CRACKING MACHINE
Authors: UDO S. B. , ADEJUYIGBE S. B. , ISMAILA S. O. , ADISA A. F.
Published: August 2021

Palm kernel, which is one of the by- products of palm tree is of great importance to the human race and highly sought for, because it contains oil which could be consumed directly or used as raw materials for other products. The plant is mostly found in the rain forest of Nigeria where the production ofª¤? palm kernel is not the major challenge, but the production ofª¤? clean and unbrokenª¤? kernel (high grade) to be sold to the palm kernel merchants who buy and supply to companies. The development of mobile palm kernel nut cracking machine was made to reduce drudgery, to enhance processing capacity and to determine processing loss. Palm kernel nut cracking occurs when nuts are loaded to rupture without crushing the embedded kernel. The aim of this research work was to assess the performance of the developed mobile palm kernel nut cracking machine. Total sample of four thousand (4,000) palm kernel nuts were divided into five groups of eight hundred palm kernel nuts and each group was further divided into four sub-groups of two hundred (200) palm kernel nuts.ª¤? Each group of five was fed into the hopper and cracked at different shaft speeds in revolutions per minute (rpm). The shaft speeds were determined with a tachometer and it was varied on the engine by adjusting the throttle lever. In a group of five, it was replicated for four different times at the same speed. The cracking efficiency and throughput capacity were calculated. The research work showed that the cracking efficiencies at speeds of 1200, 1800, 2200 and 2400 rpm were 98ª¤¡Þ0.3, 98.5ª¤¡Þ0.08, 98.5ª¤¡Þ0.01 and 99ª¤¡Þ0.04% respectively. The throughput of the machine increased from 10.91 to 38.00 g/s as the speed of the machine increased from 800 to 2400 rpm. Also the performance efficiencies of the developed machine were 93, 94, 95, 94.5 and 94% while the overall efficiencies were 90.86, 92.12, 93.58, 93.08 and 93.06% for the set speeds. It was concluded that the overall performance of this developed palm nut kernel cracking machine were effective because it fell within the range of betweenª¤? 90 to 98% overall efficiency.ª¤?
MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF RADIO FREQUENCY ENERGY AND SPECIFIC ABSORPTION RATE FROM GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS IN FUNAAB, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: ADEJUMOBI I. A. , ORIMOLADE J. F. , OMOTAYO B. A.
Published: August 2021

This work measured and analyzed the Radio Frequency (RF) power densities to determine the absorption rate on human body from the four available 900 MHz Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) base stations, at some selected points in the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria.ª¤? Measurements were conducted using Frequency-selective spectrum analyzer (Nokia 6800 Network Drive Tester) to determine the RF Power Densities (S), Electric Field Intensities (E) and the Specific Absorption Rates (SAR), using Airtel Base station as reference sample point. Standard Units values of the measured variables were obtained using standard mathematics equations. Out of ten (10) selected sampling points the maximum RF exposure was obtained at COLENG upstairs with its the power density equal 15.2 ª¤?W/m2 which is 3.7 x 10-4% of the maximum allowable value of the maximum exposure at 900 MHz. The recorded highest electric field intensities was 75.7 x 10-3 V/m, which is 0.18% of that specified by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) maximum public exposure levels for 900 MHz. The highest obtained SAR value was 4.2635 x 10-3 W/kg which is 5.329% of the maximum recommended exposure level for the head region and brain tissue at 900 MHz. The results from this study are useful sources of environmental information and database to the FUNAAB communityª¤?
MODELLING OF 226Ra ACTIVITY CONCENTRATIONS ALONG OGUN RIVER, SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: OKEYODE I C , JIBIRI N N , BELLO R
Published: August 2021

This work was aimed at generating a model using least square approximation technique to predict values of activity concentrations of 226Ra in any location along Ogun river in Nigeria using experimental data. Sediment samples were collected in thirty two locations along the river of about 400 km in length. NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometer system was used to obtain activity concentrations of 226Ra.The aver-age value of activity concentration of 226Ra in the sediment samples from the upper region through the middle to the lower region of the river was found to be 12.65 Â± 3.48 Bq/kg, having values ranging from 5.57 Â± 2.36 Bq/kg (at Ekerin) to 20.40 Â± 4.52 Bq/kg (at Sokori). From this work, it was observed that the generated model and experimental data could be used to predict values of activity concentrations of 226Ra in any location along the river once the latitude and longitude (position) are known. Statistical tests on the model also showed that there were no significant differences between the experimental and predicted data of 226Ra and that 98.70% of the experimental data were predicted by the model.
INVESTIGATION OF COMPLEX INDEX OF REFRACTION OF GALLIUM NITRIDE GaN
Authors: AKINLAMI J O , OLATEJU I O
Published: August 2021

An understanding of the complex index of refraction of Gallium Nitride (GaN) is important because of the increasing application of GaN in many high frequency, optical and electronics devices. Complex index of refraction of Gallium Nitride (GaN)have been investigated theoretically by means of Kramers and Kronig method in the photon energy range 2.0 â€“ 10.0eV. We obtained refractive index which has a maximum value of 2.89 at photon energy 7.0eV, the extinction coefficient which has a maximum value of 1.17 at photon energy 7.0eV, the dielectric constant, the real part of the complex dielectric constant has a maximum value of 7.0 at photon energy 7.0eV and the imaginary part of the complex dielectric constant has a maximum value of 6.79 at photon energy 7.0eV, the transmittance which has a maximum value of 0.18 at photon energy 7.0eV, the absorption coefficient which has a maximum value of 86.18 at photon energy 7.0eV. The values obtained for complex index of refraction ofGaN are essentially important for emerging GaN applications such ashigh-power and high-frequency devices, solar cell arrays for satellites, communications and optoelectronics devices.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF Penthaclethra macrophylla Benth. AS AFFECTED BY BY-PRODUCTS FROM BATTERY FACTORY IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: AKACHUKU C O , TOMBERE V P
Published: August 2021

The study examined the effect of polluted soil on early growth performance of Pentaclethra macro-phlylla. The objectives of the study were to determine the heavy metal content of the soil and the effect on the growth of this species. Soil samples were collected from an abandoned Sunshine battery facto-ry in Essien Udim Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State using soil auger. The samples, collect-ed at different soil depths and at various distances, were divided into two parts. A part was analysed in the laboratory to determine the heavy metal content of the soil using digestion and atomic absorption methods, while the other part was used in raising Pentaclethra macrophyla seedlings in polypots. The result of analysis of variance of the soil samples considering the distances showed significant differ-ence in the distribution of copper and lead only (P<0.05), while no significant difference occurred among the concentrations of all the heavy metals at different soil depths. The ranges of concentration of metals in the polluted soil samples in mg/kg were Zn (13.90-41.30), Bo (11.40-27.10), Cd (61.10-77.10), Cu (5.35-49.75), Pb (53.10-153.70), As (0.40-4.50) and Se (1.80-4.30), while the control rec-orded the least amount of Pb (2.40-4.30 mg/kg). On the average, seedlings raised in soils collected from the point of waste disposal (epicentre) had the least growth values in terms of total leaf number (166), stem height (21.90cm), branch number (1.4) and branchlet number (8.8). This signifies stunted growth, which is likely due to the high concentrations of Pb and Cu. Factories should therefore be compelled to eliminate heavy metals before disposing their waste into the environment.
SIMULATION OF THE DYNAMICS OF CASSAVA STEM CUTTINGS ON AN INCLINED WOOD SURFACE
Authors: OLA I A , AREMU O O , ADERINLEWO A A , AJISEGIRI E S.A , AIYEDUN P O , AJAYI A O
Published: August 2021

Development of precision machines to handle some of the field activities involved in the cultivation of cassava is a highly welcomed project among young enterprising farmers who are keen in resolving the posterity of their wellbeing as a big time farmer. Mechanization of cassava in the tropics is grossly hampered by lack of extensive knowlegde on the behaviour, physical properties of cassava stems and parameters that have great influence on the handling of the stems during cultivation, hence the limita-tion of advancing the present semi-automatic planter to fully automated one is still a mirage in the tropics. This paper presents the flow properties of cassava cuttings that can lend it to proper handling in a metering machine. A variable inclined wood surface rig with an ejection outlet was used to study the properties of the stem. Measured cassava stem predictive parameters; diamater, lentgh,weight; angle variation on the rig; response parameters; percentage ejected, percentage sliding through, forces acting on stems were obtained. The results from the study could be used to predict acurately the exact dynamics of a given stem isolated from the bulk of stem cuttings stacked in the metering hopper. Models to predict the flow properties of the stems were obtained; further simulation of the dynamics was embarked upon using MATLAB software. A major transition zone of stem characteris-tics per pecentage sliding to ejection occurred within the range of angles of 150 -300. This might be a favourable angular zone for isolating the stems from the bulk mass while the effectively isolated stems can be metered appropriately by another mechanism in the process of developing a metering device for cassava stem cuttings.
ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION PREDICTION SYSTEM USING A RADIAL BASIS FUNCTION NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: USMAN O. L. , FOLORUNSO O. , ALABA O. B.
Published: August 2021

The observed poor quality of service being experienced in the power sector of Nigeria economy has been traced to non-availability of adequate model that can handle the inconsistencies associated with traditional statistical models for predicting consumers’ electricity need, so as to bridge the gap between the demand and supply of the energy. This research presents Electricity Consumption Prediction System (ECPS) based on the principle of radial basis function neural network to predict the country’s electricity consumption using the historical data sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) annual statistical bulletin. The entire datasets used in the study were divided into train, validation and test sets in the ratio of 13:3:4. By the above, 65% of the entire data were used for the training, 15% for validation and 20% for testing. The train data was presented to the constructed models to approximate the function that maps the input patterns to some known target values. The models were also used to simulate both validation and the test datasets as case data on the consistency of results obtained from the training session through the train data. Experimental results showed that RBF network model performs better than equivalent Backpropagation (BP) network models that were compared with it and provides the best platform for developing a forecast system.
COMPARATIVE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF FIVE BRANDS OF CIPROFLOXACIN SOLD IN LAGOS STATE
Authors: ADENIYI B. A. , AYOLABI C. I. , UKONU E. J.
Published: August 2021

he antimicrobial activity of five brands (A, B, C, D and E) of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets commonly sold in Lagos Nigeria, were compared and assessed against susceptible clinical isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serotypetyphi). Susceptibility test, minimum inhibitory concentration test and the bactericidal activity were determined. All sampled brands were within their shelf life. Most (60%) of the sampled brands were made in India while the remaining 40% were made in Nigeria. All the brands complied with the official specification in British Pharmacopeia (BP) for uniformity of weight as they show less than 5% deviation in weight. The mean antibacterial activities of the brands at 25µg/ml were found to be within the range of 38.0mm to 42.2mm zone of inhibition while the MICs range between 0.012µg/ml to 1.5µg/ml.All the sampled brands were effective against all the test organisms to varying degree with brands A and E been more potent while brand D was the least effective. The order of MICs (decreasing order of potency) was D>B>C>A>E for Staphylococcus aureus and D>C>B>E>A for Escherichia coli while that of Salmonella enterica serotypeTyphiwas D>B>C>A>E. The bactericidal activity of each ciprofloxacin brand D and E are concentration-dependent; with brand E more active at all tested concentrations.
EVALUATION OF GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL OF ODEDA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OGUN STATE, SOUTHWEST NIGERIA
Authors: MAKINDE V , ERUOLA A O , GANIYU S A , OLURIN O T , ADELEKE O O , AIKHUELE D O
Published: August 2021

Evaluation of groundwater potential in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria, has been carried out in this study using Vertical Electrical Sounding method. The study area is underlain by Precambrian Basement Complex rocks of Southwestern Nigeria. These rocks are inher-ently characterized by low porosity and permeability. The interpretation of thirty (30) vertical electrical sounding (VES) conducted using the Schlumberger electrode array shows four geo-electric layers in the subsurface within the study area. The overburden thickness varies from 5.9 to 39 m across the study area. This was used to prepare the groundwater potential map which assisted in the zoning of the area into low, medium and high groundwater potential zones. The study showed that about 60% of the study area falls within the low/medium rated groundwater potential zone while the remaining 40% constituted the high groundwater potential zone. Hence, the groundwater potential rating of the area is generally low.
FOOD SAFETY KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES AMONG FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE STUDENTS IN ABEOKUTA
Authors: ADEGUNWA M O , SANUSI M I , BAKARE H A , OMEMU A M
Published: August 2021

Improper practices, poor attitudes and lack of knowledge by food handlers are contributing factors for the spread of foodborne diseases. Food safety knowledge is an important factor in improving food safety practices and subsequently food safety attitude. This study is aimed at exploring the food safety knowledge, practice and attitude of FUNAAB students. A self completed questionnaire was answered by randomly selected 270 students from each of the nine (9) colleges in the university and analyzed using SPSS software. The study revealed that almost all of the students had a high level of food safety awareness but the knowledge was not to large extent translated into practice. Majority of the students also had good food safety attitudes as many of them are willing to change their food handling behav-iour when they know they are incorrect (94.8%). The study further revealed similar level of food safety knowledge between the male and female. Despite the level of studentsâ€™ knowledge, their choice of eating place on campus was determined by the price of the food. This study therefore concluded that good knowledge of food safety does not determine studentsâ€™ safe handling practices and choice of eating place.Keywords: Food safety
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF CONCURRENT SCROTAL AND INGUINAL HERNIAS IN A UNILATERAL CRYPTORCHID WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP
Authors: OLUSA T A.O. , SONIBARE A O , EGBETADE A O , AJADI R A
Published: August 2021

An uncommon case of scrotal and inguinal hernias in a 6 months old unilateral cryptorchid West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Federal Univer-sity of Agriculture, Abeokuta-Nigeria. The ram was noticed few days after birth with two bulging mass-es around the ventral region which gradually increases in size as the animal grows. On examination, the content of the swellings were reducible and the right testicle was not palpable within the scrotal sac. Ultrasonography confirms the hernia contents as intestinal loops. The animal was sedated with xylazine HCL administered intramuscularly at a dosage of 0.1 mg/kg and anaesthetized epidurally with 1.5mls of 2% lignocaine HCL administered into the lumbosacral space. Herniorrhapy was performed on the scrotal hernia, followed by orchidectomy while the inguinal hernia was corrected using hernio-plasty. Cryptorchidism may have predisposed to the hernias in this case. Thorough assessment of cryptorchid animals is essential as the opening created by the non-descendent testis could be a risk factor for herniation; therefore such affected ram should not be used for breeding purposes because of the heritable nature of the defect.
INVESTIGATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING CLOUD COMPUTING ADOPTION IN NIGERIA
Authors: AROGUNDADE O T , ADEJIMI A O , MUSTAPHA A M , IKOTUN A M , AKINWALE A
Published: August 2021

Cloud computing is a viable alternative for meeting the technological needs of many  enterprises with the benefits of instantaneous computing resource fulfillment, technology expenditures at lower costs, common technology platforms that can facilitate standardization and decreased  need for internal technology support personnel. This paper examined the behavioral intention to adopt cloud computing services in large and small organization using an Enhanced Technology Acceptance Model (ETAM). The aim is to investigate the factors affecting cloud computing adoption in Nigeria. The model includes variables that other research has found related to adoption of new computing services and technologies. Regression Analysis was then deployed to test the research hypotheses. The result of regression analysis revealed that attitude and adopters ability to use cloud computing (self-efficacy) were better predictor of intention; perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of cloud computing were better predictor of attitude; perceived ease of use and the relevant of cloud computing to adopters’ work (job relevance) were the predictor of perceived usefulness.
MARKOV MODELS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: AKINTUNDE A. A. , AGWUEGBO S. O.N , OLAYIWOLA O. M.
Published: August 2021

Most real world situations involve modelling of physical processes that evolve with time and space, especially those exhibiting high variability. Such events that have to flow with time or space are called dynamical systems. The mathematical notions of a dynamical system serves to depict the flow of causation from past into future (Kalman 1960). In this study, Markov model which is a signal model based on the Markovian property with state space approach was adopted for the analysis of dynamical systems. The Nigerian monetary exchange rate data was used in the application with the use of R statistical software package. The study incorporated the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation in the construction of absolute limiting distribution of the system via the state variables. The procedure gives an easy and effective means of analysing complex and time varying dynamical systems. The study showed that the Nigerian monetary exchange rate is ergodic with stationary probability distribution.
DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR OF A MODELED TRANSPORTATION NETWORKED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR T-JUNCTION
Authors: NUGA O. O. , AMUSA K. A. , OLANIPEKUN A. J. , ADEWUSI A.
Published: August 2021

Traffic congestion has been the major problem on most Nigeria roads. This is particularly due to the rapid increase in urban migration. Majority of the traffic control schemes adopted in the country to alleviate this problem are the fixed time controllers employed at all signalized intersections. This has resulted in increased traffic jam especially during the peak periods at most intersections on our highways. In this study, a fuzzy logic system to control traffic on signalized intersection has been proposed. The Fuzzy Logic Controller regulates the traffic signal timing, the green light extension and phase sequence to ensure smooth flow of traffic, thereby reducing traffic delays and thus increasing the intersection capacity. A fuzzy logic traffic control simulation model was developed and tested using MATLAB/ SIMULINK software. Comparative analysis was carried out between the fuzzy logic controller and a conventional fixed-time controller in order to determine the efficiency of the developed system. Evaluation results of the fuzzy logic traffic controller shows that vehicles spent less time at the intersection compared to the fixed time controller, that is, improved vehicular movement. Moreover, simulation results show that the fuzzy logic controller has better efficiency and that a huge improvement could be realized by adapting it in controlling traffic flow at intersections.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THREE DIFFERENT PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS TECHNIQUES IN RABBITS
Authors: OLOYE A. A. , OBI N. , AJADI A.
Published: August 2021

Seven pluriparous non-gravid does and two matured bucks were utilized for the study. Does were all mated after 30 days of stabilization. Successful mating was confirmed by a recoil, backward or sideway fall and emission of a snorting sound by the male. Pregnancy detection was by weight gain, abdominal palpation and ultrasonography techniques at days 6, 9,13,18,23. Abdominal palpation of does was carried out by gentle palpation of nodule-like tissues in the ventral abdomen. Transcutaneous ultrasonography was performed using ultrasound machine Kaixin KX2000®. Weight gain was monitored using a sensitive weighing scale. Early pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasonography and abdominal palpation on days 6.00±0.00 and 7.5±1.29 post-copulation respectively. Pregnancy was diagnosed by abdominal palpation in 28.57% of the does on day 6 and increased to 100% on day 9 post-copulation; however diagnosis by ultrasonography was 100% on day 6. The average weight gain was 0.029±0.029kg by day 6; 0.057±0.4 by day 13, which plateaued till parturition. Ultrasonography could therefore be used effectively for pregnancy diagnosis as early as day 6 of gestation in rabbit does while abdominal palpation could serve in absence of ultrasonography by day 9 of gestation. Weight gain is a positive adjunct to other pregnancy diagnostic techniques.
CHEMICAL AND MICROBIAL SAFETY OF STREET VENDED EGG ROLL IN ABEOKUTA METROPOLIS
Authors: ADEGUNWA M. O. , OSISANYA D. A. , ADEBOWALE A. A. , BAKARE H. A.
Published: August 2021

A total of 12 samples of egg rolls retailed in three locations in Abeokuta and a laboratory prepared sample serving as control were analyzed for their microbial load and presence of heavy metals (Lead, Cadmium, Chromium). The samples were analyzed for bacteria using standard procedures. Analysis of the food samples showed that total viable bacterial count ranged from 1.2 x 105 to 4.2 x 105 cfu/g, total staphylococcus count ranged between 1.2 x 104 and 6.4 x 104 cfu/g, coliform count ranged from 1.0 x 104 to 3.0 x 104cfu/g, total campylobacter count ranged between 1.0x104 and1.3x104 cfu/g and there were no growths for the total listeria count. Five bacteria genera were isolated including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, Salmonella typhi, Campylobacter coli. Cadmium and Chromium contamination ranged from 3.50±0.71 - 12.50±0.71 and 0.75±0.35 - 3.50±0.00 respectively. Statistical analysis of the heavy metals shows a significant difference (p<0.05) between the control and samples. The level of microbial contamination could be associated with inadequate handling and processing by processors and vendors, contamination caused by either poor hygiene or poor quality of water used. Moreover, contamination of cadmium and chromium in all the samples could be incident upon the water used in producing it, however lead was absent in all the samples. It is therefore recommended that health education should be done for food handlers and consumers about food safety.
MYCOBURDEN OF TOMATO (Lycopersicum esculentum MILL), INOCULATION-INDUCED MYCOTOXIN PRODUCTION AND CONTROL BY PASSIVE MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE
Authors: OYEYIPO F. M. , ADESETAN T. O. , EGBERONGBE H. O.
Published: August 2021

The effect of fungi of tomato fruits (Lycopersicum esculentum) were investigated at Ijebu-Ode, south western Nigeria. Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizopus stolonifer and Curvularia species were isolated from deteriorating tomato and used for inoculating fresh and healthy tomato samples. The isolates (Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizopus stolonifer and Curvularia species) were then inoculated separately into healthy tomato samples. Storage of samples in modified atmospheres and the effects of inoculation on quality changes were also evaluated. Modified atmospheres designed by packing the samples inside a polythene bag of 12μm thickness significantly maintained the quality of the samples compared with the controls. The isolates were then evaluated for mycotoxin production using thin layer chromatography and mycotoxigenic potential was assessed by animal feeding trial using rats of the wistar strain fed orally with different concentrations of the mycotoxin extracts. Mycotoxins were detected from tomato samples inoculated with Rhizopus, Aspergillus and Fusarium species, before and after autoclaving for 15 min at 121oC. Experimental rats fed on mycotoxin extracts developed symptoms of neurotoxicity. Most of the fungal isolates showed great potential for mycotoxin production, which is of concern in public health. Modified atmosphere created by using sterile polythene bags of different thicknesses is therefore recommended for control of fungi infection of tomato fruits and extension of shelf life.
LEVELS, TRENDS AND EXPOSURE DOSES OF NOISE EMITTED BY SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES IN ABEOKUTA, SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: OGUNTOKE O. , SHOLANKE O. , OJO A. C.
Published: August 2021

Monitoring of noise levels and their impact are common in large scale and corporate industrial establishments while the small scale industries have not received sufficient attention. Consequently, the present study examined the levels and pattern of noise emission from small-scale enterprises that are generally ignored from compliance monitoring of the relevant agencies. The study utilises the results of noise emission quantification, determination of safe distance to the selected small-scale enterprises and impact on human as input for noise policy formulation. Three types of small-scale enterprises sampled from seventy-five (75) sites in Abeokuta were selected for noise measurement using a portable noise meter. Questionnaire and field observation were employed to assess the impact of noise on machine operators and their apprentices. Mean noise emission from the aluminum slitting machines ranged from 103.9 – 118.4 d(BA), iron welding machines; 97.0 – 108.8 d(BA) and food grinding machines; 91.6 to 108.2 d(BA). Daily Noise Dose (DND) from these three types of machine workshops were 800 – 19230% (aluminum slitter), 200 – 2400% (iron welder), and 100 – 3305% (food grinder). Time Weighted Average (TWA) for 8 hours noise exposure values were 94.0 – 107.8, 88.0 – 98.8 and 85.0 – 100.2 respectively. The spatial dimension of noise emission from the studied machines showed that acceptable levels were obtained at 20 meters from the machines sites. As predictors of variations in noise emission, the age of the machines explained 8.3 – 13.6%, 17.2 – 17.8% and 29.1 – 55.4% of noise emitted by food grinders, aluminum slitters and iron welders. The capacities of the studied machines predicted 7.9 – 13.5%, 18.4 – 30.5 and 43.9 – 56.3% of the noise emitted by iron welders, aluminum slitter and food grinders respectively. While the noise levels at the sites of the machines were significantly higher than the permissible limit, 25% of the workers were exposed for upwards of 10 hours daily and 30% for more than five years. The array of health problems; stress, dizziness, tinnitus, sleep disturbance and speech interference, experienced by the machines operators may not be unconnected to their non-use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to minimize noise hazard. Policy formulation for public protection from noise pollution should prescribe limit for small scale enterprises, enforce noise level compliance, monitor wearing of appropriate PPE by machine operators and maintained a minimum of 20 meters between the sites of these machines and other human activities.
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL OF TREAP AND HEAP SORT ALGORITHMS
Authors: GBADEBO A. D. , AKINWALE A. T. , AKINLEYE S.
Published: August 2021

The task of storing items to allow for fast access to an item given its key is an ubiquitous problem in many organizations. Treap as a method uses key and priority for searching in databases. When the keys are drawn from a large totally ordered set, the choice of storing the items is usually some sort of search tree. The simplest form of such tree is a binary search tree. In this tree, a set X of n items is stored at the nodes of a rooted binary tree in which some item y ϵ X is chosen to be stored at the root of the tree. Heap as data structure is an array object that can be viewed as a nearly complete binary tree in which each node of the tree corresponds to an element of the array that stores the value in the node. Both algorithms were subjected to sorting under the same experimental environment and conditions. This was implemented by means of threads which call each of the two methods simultaneously. The server keeps records of individual search time which was the basis of the comparison. It was discovered that treap was faster than heap sort in sorting and searching for elements using systems with homogenous properties.
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN ABEOKUTA CITY, NIGERIA
Authors: OLUWASANYA GRACE , SADIQ ADEBAYO
Published: August 2021

The quest for safe drinking-water is very high in the ongoing period of environmental pollution. Generally, anthropogenic activities resulting from increasing population and urbanization are major sources of pollution to groundwater. This paper assesses the variation in groundwater distribution in Abeokuta city, Ogun State, Nigeria to determine the water quality status. Secondary groundwater quality data across a period of fifteen years (2001 – 2015) were retrieved from the database of the Department of Water Resources Management and Agro-meteorology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria to establish the status and examine the spatial and temporal variation. The data was subjected to statistical and geo-statistical analysis. Results showed that temperature, pH and electrical conductivity have a dominant range of 28.0 – 29.9 ºC, 7.01 – 7.50 and 201 – 600 µS/cm, respectively. The major cations Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+ have respective dominant concentration range from below detection limit (bdl) – 80mg/L, bdl – 30mg/L, 11 – 20 mg/L and bdl – 10 mg/L, while the major anions Cl-, HCO3-, NO3- and SO42- have respective dominant concentration range of 11 – 30, 101 – 200, 1.60 – 4.00 and bdl – 10 mg/L. High (> 1000 µS/cm) conductivity values are detected in parts of the city, which may be due to high concentrations of magnesium, calcium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate. Only few parts (5.7%) of the city have poor water quality status, while groundwater quality in about 45.7% and 48.6 % of the city may be classified as good and excellent water quality, respectively. The spatial trend showed that groundwater in the core townships of Abeokuta such as Itoku and the environs should not be encouraged for direct consumption without prior treatment. But generally, the groundwater in most part of Abeokuta metropolis is safe for domestic use, though requires some form of household treatment before drinking.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF FUSARIUM WILT OF CUCUMBER (Cucumis sativus) BY ANTAGONISTIC LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM RHIZOSPHERE OF FIVE MEDICINAL PLANTS
Authors: OLOYEDE R. A. , ILUPEJU A. A. , OYELAKIN O. O. , AJIJOLA W. R.
Published: August 2021

Fusarium wilt is one of the important diseases of cucumber and causes economic loss to farmers. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of rhizosphere lactic acid bacteria as biocontrol agents of Fusarium wilt of cucumber. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated and identified from the rhizosphere of five medicinal plants. The in-vitro antagonistic activity of LAB strains on F. oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum was evaluated by dual culture method. The screen house experiment was then conducted to assess the effect of antagonistic LAB isolates on Fusarium wilt disease incidence in cucumber plants. The antagonistic LAB strains were further characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique. The total LAB counts of rhizospheric soil samples ranged from 7.0×105 cfu/g to 15.0×105 cfu/g. The LAB isolates were identified as strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus (21.4%), L. plantarum (35.7%), L. fermentum (28.6%), L. alimentarius (7.1%) and L. brevis (7.1%). Treatment of cucumber seeds with antagonistic LAB strains significantly reduced Fusarium wilt of cucumber incidence from 95% to 48%. Lactobacillus fermentum isolated from the rhizosphere of A. indica exhibited strong disease suppression (49.5%). The study therefore revealed that the rhizospheric-LAB could be applied to reduce the manifestation of Fusarium wilt in cucumber.
HEMORRAGIA ALVEOLAR DIFUSA, DESAFÍO DIAGNÓSTICO Y TERAPÉUTICO
Authors: Órdenes D Nadia
Published: August 2021

La hemorragia alveolar difusa es un síndrome causante de falla respiratoria catastrófica, secundario a los procesos fisiopatológicos presentes en la historia natural de varias enfermedades y condiciones clínicas. Debe considerarse como una emergencia médica debido a la significativa morbi-mortalidad asociada. Representa un desafío diagnóstico ya que a menudo los síntomas y signos son inespecíficos, requiere un alto nivel de sospecha para el reconocimiento precoz, paso esencial para la instauración de medidas de soporte vital y terapia específica requerida para la sobrevida.
TRAUMATISMO TORÁCICO EN PEDIATRÍA
Authors: Ebensperger O Alicia
Published: August 2021

El traumatismo torácico es la segunda causa de muerte por trauma en niños. Es causado por mecanismos de alta energía, principalmente accidentes de tránsito, siendo frecuentes las lesiones multisistémicas, lo que aumenta su gravedad. Un manejo adecuado requiere conocer y entender como la anatomía, fisiología y los patrones de las lesiones cambian a distintas edades y difieren del comportamiento en adultos. Los traumatismos de tórax pediátricos son mayormente contusos aumentando los traumatismos penetrantes en adolescentes.

Las lesiones más comunes son la contusión pulmonar, hemotórax, neumotórax y fracturas costales las cuales pueden coexistir. Las lesiones de vía aérea, corazón y grandes vasos son raras pero muy graves. La mayoría de los traumatismos torácicos se resuelven con medidas de soporte hemodinámico, respiratorio y drenaje pleural. Es vital reconocer en evaluación inicial aquellas lesiones potencialmente letales, que no dan tiempo a evaluación radiológica.
Sistem Informasi Penjualan dan Persediaan Barang Berbasis Web Menggunakan Metode V-Model pada Toko Arif Gorden
Authors: Alfarisy Arif , Fenando Fenando , Muarie Muhamad Son
Published: August 2021

oko Arif Gorden merupakan toko yang menjual berbagai macam kebutuhan aksesoris rumah tangga yaitu gorden. Saat ini permasalahan yang dihadapi toko tersebut yaitu masih menggunakan sistem jual beli dengan pelanggan secara langsung atau offline sehingga cara penjualan tersebut menyebabkan pelanggan-pelanggan yang berasal dari daerah lain tidak dapat dijangkau oleh toko. Serta belum adanya sistem penjualan secara komputerisasi mulai dari proses pencetakan struk/nota penjualan barang, penyimpanan data persediaan barang dan belum adanya laporan penjualan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membangun sebuah sistem informasi penjualan berbasis website yang digunakan untuk proses penjualan secara online dan penjualan offline secara komputerisasi mulai dari pencetakan struk penjualan, penyimpanan data persediaan barang dan laporan penjualan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem V-Model yang merupakan perluasan dari model Waterfall. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat memberikan kemudahan untuk calon pembeli yang tidak bisa ke toko secara langsung dengan bertransaksi menggunakan sistem penjualan online dan memberikan kemudahan pihak toko dalam menjual barangnya secara offline
Perancangan Sistem Monitoring Inventaris Barang Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Haris Faqih Abdul , Kurniati Kurniati
Published: August 2021

Monitoring inventaris barang di lingkungan Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Provinsi Sumatera Selatan merupakan suatu kegiatan yang rutin setiap bulan dilakukan oleh petugas monitoring inventaris barang. Hal ini dilakukan guna memberi laporan rutin  kepada pihak pusat terhadap kondisi barang yang ada.  Namun, proses yang dilakukan masih bersifat manual. Sehingga, perlu adanya sebuah sistem monitoring inventaris barang untuk mempermudah petugas dalam melakukan monitoring agar proses jauh lebih efektif dan efisien terutama dari sisi waktu. Dalam membangun sistem tersebut menggunkan medode waterfall. Model waterfall merupakan salah satu model pengembangan perangkat lunak yang ada di dalam model SDLC (Sequencial Development Life Cycle) yang memiliki 4 tahapan yaitu analisis, desain, pengodean, pengujian, dan pemeliharaan. Sehingga, dengan adanya sistem ini sangat membantu pekerjaan petugas monitoring inventaris barang dari siis waktu dan kevalidan  data yang di peroleh dalam melakukan proses monitoring dibandingkan secara manual.
Penerapan Ontology Berbasis Protégé Untuk Mengestimasi Nilai Ekonomi Cryptocurrency
Authors: Putra Muhammad Ashardiansyah , Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah , Atika Linda , Wardani Kiky Rizky Nova
Published: August 2021

Cryptoccurency is a digital currency that is used as a medium of exchange as well as rupiah and dollars. And just like currency, Cryptocurrency also experiences value volatility or commonly reffered to as fluctuation. The purpose of this study is to estimate the fluctuating cryptocurrency value by implementing it into ontology using protégé tools. With the ontology, it can make it easier for users to find information about cryptocurrency. The results of this study indicate that ontology is one of the bases of Knowledge Managament Systems which can make it easier to systematizem, improve and accelerate knowledge management so that it is easy to understand for cryptocurrency users. Another result of this research is the creation of an ontology cryptoccurency with the blockchain subclass, users, currency, economu and factors. Each of these subclasses has more subclasses in a structured manner, and the results of making computer technique ontology in estimating the economic value of cryptocurrency are useful for users or people who want to find out more information about cryptocurrency.