bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Jenis Kemasan dan Suhu Ruang Simpan terhadap Viabilitas Benih Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench)
Authors: Nurisma Immas , Agustiansyah Agustiansyah , Kamal Muhammad
Published: September 2017

This study aims to determine: (1) in response to the type of packaging savings and sorghum seed viability; (2) in response to the storage room temperature sorghum seed viability; (3) a combination of types of packaging store and storage room temperature for sorghum seed viability. The research was conducted in October 2013 to January 2014 at the Laboratory of Seed and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. This research is compiled using a completely randomized design with four replications. The design of the treatment applied is factorial (4x3) by the first factor is the type of packaging and the second factor is the temperature store room. Homogeneity of variance between treatments was tested by Bartlett test. Separation of median is done by using the test Least Significant Difference (LSD) at level α of 5%. The results showed that the seeds of sorghum were packed with cans stored at refrigerator temperature (4 ° C) have the ability better than a plastic jar packaging, cloth flour, and plastic at room temperature (32 ° C) and air conditioning (22 ° C), in maintaining sorghum seed viability after being stored for 4 months. Keywords : Type Packaging, Temperature Storage Room, Sorghum Seed Viability
Comparison Between Amaryl and Nut Grass (Cyperus rotindus L.) Rhizome Extract on Blood Sugar Levels of Male Mice (Mus musculus L.) Induced by Alloxan
Authors: Besty Prastiwy Ayu Ayssca , Busman Hendri , Nurcahyani Nuning
Published: September 2017

Nut grass rhizome contains several chemical compounds including aetheric oil, flavonoid, saponine, and antidiabetic agents, where as amaryl is a chemical medicine used to treat diabetes.  A study about the comparison between amaryl and nut grass rhizome extract on blood sugar levels of male mice has been conducted.  The study aimed to determine the effect of nut grass rhizome extract compared to amaryl in decreasing the blood sugar levels of male mice.  The mice were divided into four groups of treatment, each group consists of six mice.  The mice were intraperitoneally induced by alloxan to induce diabetes with the dosage of 0,15 mg/40 gr BB, using 0,9% of  NaCl as solvent, before being given the medicine.  Later, the mice were given amaryl and the nut grass rhizome extract, they were group 1 as control :  amaryl 0,4 mg/40 gr BW in 0,4 ml/100 ml of aqua bidest, group 2:  nut grass rhizome extract 4,5 mg/40 gr BB in 0,4 ml/100 ml of aqua bidest, group 3:  nut grass rhizome extract 45 mg/40 gr BB in 0,4 ml/100 ml of aqua bidest, group 4:  nut grass rhizome extract 135 mg/40 gr BB in 0,4 ml/100 ml of aqua bidest.  The result showed that the mice given nut grass rhizome extract with the dosage of 135 mg/40 g BW had significantly decreased blood sugar level compared to amaryl.  This was the effect of flavoniod compound in the nut grass rhizome extract which was rich in antioxidants so it could decrease the blood sugar levels of the diabetic mice.Key words:  amaryl, nut grass rhizome extract, intraperitoneal, flavonoid, anti oxidants, diabetes.
Pengaruh Jenis dan Kerapatan Gulma terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Alvionita Chintya Ayu , Hamim Herawati , Sembodo Dad R. J.
Published: September 2017

Maize production in each year tends to decrease. One reason is the weeds. Weeds is animportant issue because it can compete with the main crop that can reduce crop production.The purpose of this research to determine: (1). The effect of weeds species on the growth andproduction of maize, (2). The effect of weed density on the growth and production of maize,(3). Interaction between the type and density of weeds in influencing the growth andproduction of maize. The research was conducted in Natar, South Lampung and WeedLaboratory Faculty of Agriculture, university of Lampung from December 2014 to April2015. The treatments arranged factorial (3x5) in a strip plot design with three replications.The first factor is the species of weed that are Asystasia gangetica, Rottboelia exaltata, andCyperus rotundus. The second factor is 5 weed density that are 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80populations of weeds/m2. If the assumptions are met, the data is analyzed using ANOVA,followed by Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) 5%. The result showed that : (1).Species of weeds affects plant shoot dry weight, the weight of maize cobs, and the weight ofgrain maize but did not affect plant height, number of leaves, plant populations, cob length,cob diameter, and weighs 100 grains. (2). The density of 40 weeds/m2affects weight of 100grains, but the density of 10, 20, and 80 weeds/m2did not affect the growth and productionof maize. (3). There is no interaction between species and density of weeds in influencingthe growth and production of maize.Keyword: maize, weeds, competition
Pengaruh Manajemen Peternak Terhadap Efesiensi Reproduksi Sapi Bali Di Kabupaten Pringsewu Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Suharyati Sri , Hartono Madi
Published: September 2017

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of farmer management on Balicattle reproduction efficiency in Pringsewu Regency, Lampung Province. This studywas conducted in August—September 2015 to 108 farmers and 143 Bali with censusmethod. Data were analyzed by logistic regression and multiple regression.The results showed that the CR was 51,75% with kind of grass that negativelyassociated with factor value 0,199, wall of cow’s pen that positively associated withfactor value 1,455, and sanitation of cow’s pen that positively associated with factorvalue 0,510, body conditioning score that negatively associated with factor value0,533 and first mating age that negatively associated with factor value 0,059. The CIwas 416,69 ± 70,03 days with farmer’s reason that negatively associated with factorvalue 28,379, floor of cow’s pen that positively associated with factor value 19,880,age of weaning calf that positively associated with factor value 0,076, first mating agethat positively associated with factor value 0,972, and state of reproduction thatnegatively associated with factor value 125,306. The S/C was 1,76 with farmereducation that negatively associated with factor value 0,200, large of cow’s pen thatnegatively associated with factor value 0,016, and sanitation of cow’s pen thatnegatively associated with factor value 0,297. The RB was 18,18% with farmer’sduration that negatively associated with factor value 0,059, the amount of water thatnegatively associated with factor value 0,058, large of cow’s pen that negativelyassociated with factor value 0,109 and sanitation of cow’s pen that negativelyassociated with factor value 1,154.Key words : Bali cattle, farmer management, CR, CI, SC, RB
Karakteristik Iklim Mikro Dan Produksi Jagung Manis Pada Beberapa Sistem Tanam
Authors: Wentasari Risa , Sesanti Rizka Novi
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the micro-climate(temperature, humidity, and light intensity) and the production of sweet corn on a sigle row,doble row, twin row, and Twin seed planting system. This study was conducted in anexperimental garden of Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Hajimena South Lampung, in July-September, 2015. This study is based on randomized block design with one factor croppingsystem consists of 4 treatment ie : Sigle Row (SR) (20cm x 75cm), Doble Row ( DR ) (20cm x20cm x 80 cm), Twin Row (TR) (20cm x 10cm x 80 cm) , and Twin Seed (TS) with plantSpacing (40cm x 75cm 2 seed in one planting hole). Parameter observations of this studyconsisted of (1) micro-climate (temperature (oC), relative humidity (RH %) and Interceptionof Light (%) ) and (2)production (corn length (cm) , corn diameter (m ) and Corn weights(grams). The data were analyzed using the F test at 1 % and 5 % level and than followed bytest BNT. The conclusion of this study were (1) The characteristics of the microclimate : a)There is a noticeable difference in the temperature of the top of the current crop of 4 mst andat 9 mst there is a significant difference in the temperature of the bottom , where SR has adifferent temperature involves the other b) All systems planting has a relative humidity (%)were not significantly different , and c ) there is a difference light interception ( % ) duringthe day when 4 mst , where the twins seed has a light interception is different from othertreatments and there is a difference light interception during 9 mst where sigle row has adifferent light interception to other treatments. (2) The production of sweet corn on thetreatment SR, DR, TR and TS were not significantly different and has a weight of corn (SR =354.8 grams, DR = 316.5 grams, 328.5 grams TR and TS = 325.4 grams) same withdescription bonanza varieties (270-300 grams).Keywords : Cropping Systems , Micro Climate , Production
Pengaruh Abu Dan Proporsi Pasir-Kompos Di Dalam Media Pada Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.)
Authors: Rahmadi Andrian Isro , Handayan Tundjung Tripeni , Lande Martha L
Published: September 2017

The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of the addition of ash and sand-compost proportion in the media on the growth of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). Theexperiment was conducted on December 2015 to January 2016 in the Botanical Laboratory,Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Lampung University, andwas conducted in a complete randomized design by using two treatments. The first treatmentwas the addition of ash in two equivalents (with and without ash), the second treatment wasthe addition of sand-compost proportion in four equivalents (2 kg of sand, 1¾ kg of sand +¼ kg of compost, 1½ kg of sand + ½ kg of compost, 1¼ kg of sand + ¾ kg of compost). Theobserved variables of the growth were the number of the roots, the crown’s length, the wetweight, and the dry weight. The number of the roots was determined by observing thenumber of the roots present at the base of the stalk of each plants. The length of the crown(cm) was determined by measuring it from the stalk’s base to the edge of the longest leaf.The wet weight (g) was determined by measuring the whole part of the plant using ananalytical balance. The dry weight (g) was measured after the plants were stored in an ovenfor three hours in the temperature of 70o-80oC. The result showed that the best growth wasobtained from the media with the sand equivalent of 1¼ kg of sand added with ¾ kg ofcompost without ash.Key words: Ash, compost, growth of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), sand
Effect of Citric Acid, Aluminum and It’s Interaction in The Seedling Growth of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Varietas Anjasmoro
Authors: Hervidea Radella , Zulkifli Zulkifli , Lande Martha Lulus
Published: September 2017

The objective of this research was to know whether citric acid was able to decrease effect of aluminum on the seedling growth of soybean (Glycine max L.) varietas anjasmoro.   The experiment was conducted in Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Lampung University on January 2016 in 2x3 factorial designs. Factor A was aluminum with 2 levels : 0 mM and 5 mM.  Factor B was citric acid with 3 levels : 0 mM, 5 mM and 10 mM.  Variables in this research were fress weight, dry weight, relative water content and total chlorophyll content.   Analysis of variance was conducted  at  5% significant  level.    If  interaction  was  not  significant,  main  effect  was determined with lsd test at 5% significant  level. If interaction was significant simple effect was determined with F test at 5% significant level.  The result showed that the citric acid decreased fress weight, dry weight, relative water content and no effect on total chlorophyll content while aluminum did not affect all variables and no interaction between citric acid and aluminum on all variables. It is concluded that citric acid was not able to inprove seedling growth of soybean varietas anjasmoro with aluminum or no aluminum. Keyword : Citric acid, Aluminum,  Soybean, Frees weight , dry weight
Optimizing Land With Surjan System Through Crop Diversification In Lowland Swamp Jambi Province
Authors: Jumakir Jumakir , Endrizal Endrizal
Published: September 2017

The research objective is to optimize the use of lowland swamps to increase land productivity, crop productivity and income of farmers using the technology innovation management. Lowland swamp optimization activities carried out in Rantau Kapas Mudo, Tembesi Muara Jambi Province in May-September 2014. The assessment carried out by the application of rice-based farming technology using surjan system. Commodities used is rice planted on tabukan and vegetables grown on guludan. Applying technology lowland swamps management, water management, land arrangement, nutrient management and commodities on surjan systems can increase the productivity of land and commodity diversification. The revenue contribution of the rice crop was 69.14% and 30.86% with a vegetable. Farmers' income of Rp. 6.914 million / ha, 43.88% higher than the existing farmers' income.Keywords: lowland swamps, surjan systems, production and income
Karakterisasi Bahan Anti Browning dari Ekstrak Air Buah Jambu Batu (Psidium guajava Linn) pada Buah Apel Malang (Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill)
Authors: Husaini Oktarina , Zulkifli Zulkifli , Lande Martha L. , Nurcahyani E.
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this study was to prove that the water extract of guava pulp can hinder the process of browning in apples Malang. The research was conducted in October - November 2016 in the Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 degree of concentration of water extract of the fruit flesh guava: control (Citric acid 2% w/v), 0% v/v, 25% v/v, 50% v/v, 75 % v/v, 100% v/v. Browning index is determined based on the absorbance of the extract of apple Malang at a wavelength of 420 nm. Total soluble carbohydrate content was determined by the phenol-sulfuric method, while estimating dehydrogenase enzyme activity by methylene blue method. Levene's test for homogeneity, analysis of variance and LSD test was carried out at 5% significance level. Water extract of guava fruit has the same effectiveness with citric acid 2% w/v in inhibiting browning apples Malang. Similarly, the water extract of guava fruit as well as citric acid 2% w/v has the same effect on total soluble carbohydrate content and the activity of the enzyme dehydrogenase. Water extract of guava fruit has the same effectiveness with citric acid 2% w/v except for 100% concentration on reducing sugar level. The final conclusion is that the water extract of guava fruit has the different characteristics as citric acid 2% w/v in inhibiting browning in apples Malang. Keywords: water extract of guava fruit, browning index, total soluble carbohydrate content, dehydrogenase enzyme activity.
Efektifitas Pestisida Biologis Bacillus Cereus dan Bacillus Megaterium. sebagai Pengendali Spodoptera litura Fabr (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Agastya I Made Indra , Afandhi Aminudin , Aini Luqman Qurata
Published: September 2017

This research was conducted in vitro in the laboratory. Studies conducted in the Laboratory of Bacteriology Department of Plant Pests and Diseases of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, on the effectiveness of the bacteria Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium as biological pesticides controlling Spodoptera litura. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the bacteria Bacillus sp as biological control. Effectiveness pesticide was measured by testing the incubation period and mortality in larvae of S. litura instar 3. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), conducted observations every 6 hours until the larvae dead. The results showed that the percentage of mortality of S. litura reached 94.66% compared to the control, while the incubation time of the bacteria B. cereus cause disease until 29.84 hours. B. cereus and B. megaterium have the ability to incubate third instar larvae of S. litura up to 29.84 hours and caused the death of larvae up to 94.66%. Keywords: Biological pesticides, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, entomopatogen, Spodoptera litura
Assessing Implementation Readiness and Success of an e-Resource to Improve Prelicensure Physical Therapy Workforce Capacity to Manage Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Fary Robyn E. , Slater Helen , Jordan Joanne E. , Gardner Peter , Chua Jason , Payne Carly , Briggs Andrew M.
Published: September 2017

Study Design

Prospective within-subject, cross-sectional, between-group, nested qualitative designs within an implementation science framework.

Background

Physical therapy is recommended for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) care, yet prelicensure RA curriculum time remains limited.

Objectives

To determine readiness for, and success of, implementing an e-learning tool, Rheumatoid Arthritis for Physiotherapists e-Learning (RAP-eL), within the prelicensure physical therapy curriculum.

Methods

All physical therapy students in a 1-year cohort in 2014 had RAP-eL embedded in their curriculum. Rheumatoid Arthritis for Physiotherapists e-Learning is an online platform that delivers RA disease information with translation to clinical practice. Implementation readiness, determined by acceptability of RAP-eL to students, was evaluated using focus groups (n = 23). Implementation success was measured using quantitative data from a previously validated questionnaire, including changes in students' self-reported confidence in knowledge (out of 45) and skills (out of 40) in managing RA after 4 weeks of access to RAP-eL, retention of learning over 14 months, and differences in workforce readiness between students in the cohort who had access to RAP-eL and a historical control cohort.

Results

Acceptability of RAP-eL was confirmed from qualitative data, demonstrating implementation readiness. Short-term improvements were observed in RA knowledge (mean difference, 16.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.7, 17.6) and RA skills (mean difference, 14.9; 95% CI: 13.9, 15.9; n = 137). Retention was demonstrated after 14 months (P<.001; n = 62). Students in the 1-year cohort who had RAP-eL embedded in the curriculum scored significantly higher on knowledge (mean difference, 3.6; 95% CI: 1.3, 5.9) and skills (mean difference, 3.3; 95% CI: 0.9, 5.7; n = 62) compared to those without RAP-eL (n = 36). Rheumatoid Arthritis for Physiotherapists e-Learning remains embedded in the curriculum.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated both readiness and success of the sustainable implementation of RAP-eL within a prelicensure physical therapy curriculum. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(9):652–663. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7281
Cervical Myelopathy Presenting as Bilateral Upper Extremity Weakness
Authors: McInerney Sean , Keil Aaron , Kim Jin Suh
Published: September 2017

A 57-year-old man with insidious onset of progressive bilateral upper extremity weakness was referred to physical therapy by his primary care physician. Following examination, the physical therapist referred the patient back to his primary care physician with a request for cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neurology consultation. Cervical radiographs demonstrated multilevel degenerative changes, while cervical spine MRI revealed compressive myelopathy, significant spinal canal stenosis, and severe spondylosis

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(9):691. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7287
C6 Spinous Process Fracture in a Young Adult
Authors: Watson Daniel J. , Dolbeer Jeffery A.
Published: September 2017

A 21-year-old male military academy cadet developed acute posterior neck pain after performing multiple sets of overhead shoulder presses and resting the bar on his lower neck and shoulders. He presented to a direct-access physical therapy clinic. Due to the acute onset and focal nature of pain in the setting of repetitive weightlifting, the physical therapist ordered radiographs of the cervical spine, which revealed a C6 spinous process fracture.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(8):578. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7277
Antibiotic Resistance Considerations of Importance to Clinical Dermatologists
Authors: Del Rosso DO James
Published: September 2017

Antibiotic resistance is a major health concern worldwide as the list of bacterial pathogens that are insensitive to available antibiotics continues to grow in both hospitals and outpatient communities. The slow development of newer antibiotics adds to the formidable challenge that clinicians face with treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This article discusses important caveats related to antibiotic use in dermatology. These include understanding that both topical and oral antibiotics contribute to the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria, that antibiotic monotherapy is to be avoided for treatment of acne vulgaris, that effective treatment of rosacea does not require the use of an antibiotic, that antibiotic therapy in the management of atopic dermatitis is best limited to treatment of an active clinical infection, and that routine post-operative use of a topical antibiotic is not suggested after most office-based dermatologic procedures. By following principles of antibiotic stewardship, dermatologists are major players in the battle against antibiotic resistance.
Antibiotic Resistance Considerations of Importance to Clinical Dermatologists
Authors: Del Rosso James
Published: September 2017

Antibiotic resistance is a major health concern worldwide as the list of bacterial pathogens that are insensitive to available antibiotics continues to grow in both hospitals and outpatient communities. The slow development of newer antibiotics adds to the formidable challenge that clinicians face with treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This article discusses important caveats related to antibiotic use in dermatology. These include understanding that both topical and oral antibiotics contribute to the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria, that antibiotic monotherapy is to be avoided for treatment of acne vulgaris, that effective treatment of rosacea does not require the use of an antibiotic, that antibiotic therapy in the management of atopic dermatitis is best limited to treatment of an active clinical infection, and that routine post-operative use of a topical antibiotic is not suggested after most office-based dermatologic procedures. By following principles of antibiotic stewardship, dermatologists are major players in the battle against antibiotic resistance.
The Antibacterial of Essential Fatty Acid Semicarbazide Extracted from Flaxseed Oil Against Some Nosocomial Infection Bacteria in Iraq
Authors: Hady Ahmad Ayad , Darweesh Mayada F. , Motar Ahmad A.
Published: September 2017

During the period from December 2014 to July 2015, isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria from clinical
sources attending to AL-Hakeem Hospital and AL-Sadder Medical City in AL-Najaf province. A total of One hundred
clinical samples from various sources included: UTI - patients, Burn, postoperative surgery site –Wound, The results
revealed the occurrence (52) bacterial isolate were isolated, 37(71%) were gram– positive bacteria that was divided into S.
aureus 20(39%), S. pyogen 9 (17%), and S. pneumonia 8 (15%). But only 15 (29%) was gram – negative bacteria which
represented by E. coli 7(13%), and P.aeruginasa 4 (8%), Protuse mirabilis 4(8%). The susceptibility of S. aureus and
E.coli bacteria which are consider the most common G+ve and G-ve nosocomial pathogen to routenly used antibiotic in
Najaf hospitals were tested by using antibiotic susceptibility pattrons, in order to select one isolate from S.aureus and
other one from E.coli which had the higher resistance to most antibiotic for continue the other steps of these study. The
result illustrated that S.aureus No.5 and E. coli No.3 were greatly resistant to antibiotics, so regard as multi-drug
resistant(MDR). Crud extracts of Linum usitatissimum which had been extracted by three solvents (petroleum ether, hexan
and aqueous), for studying the chemical contents of these extracts by using suitable reagents and tested antibacterial activity
on the growth of studied S.aureus and E. coli bacteria. The extraction of Essential fatty acid Semicarbazide (omega-3-6-
fatty acid) from Linum usitatissium (Flax seed) and the chemical and physical properties of isolated oil compounds were
studied by using thin layer chromatography (TLC), ultraviolet spectrum (UV) and FTIR spectrum. The result revealed that
shown high antibacterial activity against studied (S.aureus, E.coli). results explained broad spectrum antibacterial property
of oil compounds against studied bacteria nosocomial.
Sterile Gel Propolis Trigona Spp as Drug for Wound Burns
Authors: S. Kurniawansyah I. , T. Bhattacharjee , M. Abdassah , R. Mita S. , N. Farihah R.
Published: September 2017

Background: Propolis is a natural resin that was collected and used by bees Trigona spp to build and maintain its nest, is a
good candidate to treat burns. Propolis used as a healing wound since the late 19th century in battle caused by of the nature
of antiviral, antioxidant, antimicrobes, and anti-inflammatory and it contains potential activity of healing scar from Propolis
that has been developed by using extract Propolis into the shape of preparation that was portable, effective and comfortable.
Purpose: Research aims to understand the efficacy of sterile gel Propolis Trigona spp in healing of wound burns. Method:
Effectiveness test of wound burns was conducted with the method morton using animal experiments of the white rabbit
female race New Zealand, where the percentage of healing observed from first day until the day of 38th. Result: The
effectiveness of sterile gel preparation that have been made shows that 69,86 % given by formulation 3 (F3) which was
contain 10 % of extract Propolis Trigona spp, while the percentage healing for control negative with 53,42 %. Conclusion:
Propolis Trigona spp having an aspect of strategic and economic value in handling wound burns with raw standard
materials that could potentially work as a product of superior medicinal herb and having high economic competitiveness
based on Indonesian natural resources.
Phytochemical and Pharmacological Activity of Myristica fragrans Houtt (Myristicaceae)
Authors: Chowdhury Md Arifur Rahman , . Manirujjaman , Haq Md Mazedul
Published: September 2017

Objective: Myristica fragrans Houtt commonly used as traditional medicine for alleviating of various disorders. The
purpose of our study was to map out the in vitro antioxidant property and in vivo anti-hyperglycemic and analgesic effect
of the methanolic extract of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (Seed and mace) (Myristicaceae) on Swiss albino mice. Methods:
The processed powder of Myristica fragrans Houtt (seed and mace) were subjected to methanolic extraction by soxhlet
filtration methods, and the desiccated extract was used for screening of antioxidant by DPPH free radical scavenging
assessment as well as total phenolic content by using folin-ciocalteu reagent.Anti-hyperglycemic effect and analgesic
action tested through alloxan induced antidiabetics test and acetic acid-tempted writhing test on mice. Results: In DPPH
free radical scavenging assessment, free radicals neutralization expressed as % of inhibition 49.69±0.06% also by IC50
values as 68.43 µg/ml surmise middle level of antioxidant property. The total phenolic content expressed as 186.25 mg/g
equivalent of gallic acid indicates, active phenolic content. Oral administration of 200 and 400 mg/kg of extract dose and
reference drug vildagliptin (50 mg/kg) for the duration of the 4-day study period, and initiated % of inhibition the blood
glucose level measured as 22.48%, 44.78% and 62.02% regard as the significant anti-hyperglycemic properties. The
analgesic activity was investigated by using the acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice, at the dose of 200 mg/kg body
and 400mg/kg weight, and resulting 50.4% and 68.10% correspondingly, which was considerably significant with a
standard drug. Conclusion: The present study suggests that methanolic extract of seed and mace of Myristica fragrans Houtt
can manage moderate oxidative stress as well as perform the painkilling action. Besides, prolong medication may enhance
the new dimension of anti-hyperglycemic activity.
Heat-Cured Methyl Methacrylate Induces Increased Expression of HSP70 and iNOS in the Liver
Authors: Al-Hourani Zeid A. , Erekath Nour S. , Al-Mansi Soheir M.
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Exposure to methyl methacrylate (MMA), which is a widely used monomer in dental and medical fields, has
been shown to be associated with adverse health effects on liver. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the mechanism toxic
effect of MMA on liver, via investigating alterations in the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and
heat shock protein70 (HSP70) in the liver, subsequent to the oral administration of MMA in rats. Methods: 20 SpragueDawley
female rats were randomly selected and divided into two groups: control group, and experimental group. The
experimental group was orally administered 120 mg/kg of MMA daily 5 times per week for four weeks. Changes in the
expression of HSP70 and iNOS in the liver tissue was investigated using Immunohistochemistry technique. Results: Exp
group had statistcaly higher hepatic expression of iNOS (p > 0.01) in comparison to the control group, by approximately
three folds. Similarly, rat hepatocytes in the experimental group showed statistically significant (p > 0.01) increase, by
approximately 15 folds, in the expression of HSP70 compared to that in the control group. Conclusion: The presented data
suggest that exposure to MMA might cause liver injury as indicated by the prominanat elevation of the oxidative stress
biomarker iNOS and the biological stress biomarker HSP70.
Estimation of Median Lethal Dose of Cypermethrin and Betacyfluthrin
Authors: Bhushan Brijender , Saxena Prabhu Narain
Published: September 2017

Present study was aimed to evaluate the median lethal dose (LD50) of two broadly used, type II pyrethroid pesticides
Cypermethrin and Beta-cyfluthrin against Wistar albino rats. The albino rats corresponding to experimental sets were orally
administrated different doses of selected pyrethroids for estimation of median lethal dose. LD50 has been calculated by
Log-dose/probit regression line method, and came out to be 416.98 and 354.8 mg/Kg b.wt. for Cypermethrin and Betacyfluthrin
respectively. Difference in the median lethal of these compounds may be a consequence of structural differences
Relationship of HLA-DRB1 Alleles and Rheumatoid Arthritis in West South of Iran
Authors: Mowla Karim , M. D. Elham Rajaee , M. D. Mehrdad Dargahi-MalAmir , Yousefinezhad Neda , Hondori Maryam Jamali
Published: September 2017

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic multifactor disease that presented with symmetrical polyarthritis more
preferably in small wrist joint and ankle. Synovial pannus cause destruction and deformities in joints. The main reason of
this disease in unknown, but past researchesshowed that genetically factor play important role beside environmental factors
in susceptibility to this entity. Method:100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed upon ACR 2010 criteria enrolled
study. 92 healthy patents also enrolled DNA studying. of both group was extracted through DNA extraction kits by blood
sampling. HLA-DRB1 typing was done by PCR-SSP method. Results: There were no significant differences in HLADRB1
*04, HLADRB1*08 and HLADRB1*11 alleles presentation between patients and healthy controls. Only there were
statically significant correlation between HLA-DRB1*08 and Rheumatoid factor positive patents. (P = 0.025).
Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis of Extract of Spermadictyon suaveolens and its Effect on Oral Glucose Tolerance in Streptozotocin
Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Phatak Anuradha Vivekanand , Prabhavalkar Kedar Sudhir
Published: September 2017

The preliminary phytochemical analysis of extract of Spermadictyon suaveolens was performed and its effect on oral
glucose tolerance in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats studied. 1 week after the administration of streptozotocin, diabetic
rats received herbal extract orally at dose 500 mg/kg body weight for 28 consecutive days. Oral glucose tolerance test was
performed on overnight fasted rats on day 28. Blood samples were collected prior to glucose administration and at 30, 60,
90, 120 minutes after glucose loading and plasma glucose level was measured for all the samples. The preliminary
phytochemical analysis of extract of roots of Spermadictyon suaveolens showed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids,
glycosides, tannins and phenolic compounds. Extract of roots of Spermadictyon suaveolens improved oral glucose
tolerance in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
Findings on the Chemical Rotation of Light
Authors: sauerheber richard , Heinz Bettina
Published: September 2017

Specific rotation of plane polarized light in select chiral compounds leads to the conclusion that mass, charge, and electronegativity of substituents determine the extent and direction of rotation. The usual description that light rotation is due to differential refraction as in birerefringence is challenged.
Can p53 expression and staining intensity correlate with histopathological prognostic parameter and clinical staging in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma?
Authors: Kaur Jasmeet , Mannan Rahul , Manjari Mridu , Sharma Sonam , Kaur Jasmine , Bhasin Tejinder Singh , Kaur Amritpal
Published: September 2017

Background: In recent years, p53 has emerged as an important tool for not only diagnosis and predicting prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to find the role of p53 staining intensity in determining prognosis. Materials and Methods: Fifty histopathologically proven cases of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck were studied. The findings of the study were analyzed particularly in reference to p53 expression and their correlation with age, sex, anatomical site, tumor size, histological grading, vascular, peri-neural, muscle invasion, lymph node metastasis and staining intensity.Results: Immunopositivity rate of p53 was 64% with percentage positive cells varying from 5-76% with mild, moderate and strong staining intensity. A positive correlation of p53 independently was seen with oral cavity, grade, lymph node metastasis and pathological staging.Conclusion: p53 immunoexpression is an important independent variable of prognostication.
A comparative study of serum uric acid, glucose, calcium and magnesium in pre-eclampsia and normal pregnancy
Authors: Dhungana Arun , Bharati Aakriti , Manandhar Rosina , Karki Chanda
Published: September 2017

Background: Preeclampsia is associated with liver function abnormalities and renal function impairment. The objective of this study is to compare serum uric acid, glucose, calcium and magnesium in pre-eclampsia with normal pregnancy. Materials and Methods: Normal pregnant women and pre eclamptic women of age group 20-40 years were included. Serum magnesium, calcium, glucose, uric acid were analyzed.Results: Mean serum magnesium level in preeclampsia (1.83 ± 0.21mg/dl) was lesser in comparison to normal pregnant women (2.03 ± 0.16 mg/dl). Serum calcium level was lower (8.10 ±0.56mg/dl) than control (9.59 ±0.62 mg/dl) with p<0.001. Uric acid, glucose and lactate dehydrogenase in preeclamptic women was significantly higher than that in normal pregnant women (6.14 ± 0.85 vs.4.01 ± 0.62, p=<0.001), (94.17± 18.65 vs.86.34 ± 10.19, p=0.033) and ( 466.80 ± 97.29 vs. 194.22 ± 39.76, p=<0.001) respectively.Conclusion: There were significant changes in serum magnesium, uric acid, calcium, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase and total protein in pregnant women.
Prevalence of anemia in children aged 6 months to 15 years: a hospital based study
Authors: Sharma Anna , Giri Abhishek , Pudasaini Sujata
Published: September 2017

Background: Anemia is a common problem in small children and in adolescents in Nepal. We conducted this study to estimate the prevalence of anemia in hospitalized children in our setup.Materials and Methods: Children aged 6 months to 15 years with hemoglobin < 11 gm/dl were enrolled.  Clinical details of patients including the demographic characteristics, anthropometry, final diagnosis and laboratory results were recorded and retrieved for analysis.Results: Prevalence of anemia was 42.3%. Mean hemoglobin was 9.51 gm/dl. Anemia was more common in children more than five years (53.3%). 73.3% had mild, 20.9% had moderate and 5.7% had severe anemia. Grade I malnutrition was seen in 24.8%, Grade II in 20.9% and grade III in 5.7%. Pneumonia was seen more commonly in children with mild and moderate anemia.Conclusion: Anemia is a common problem in children and may be associated with respiratory infections.
Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Community of Duwakot, Bhaktapur
Authors: Pradhan Binita , Pradhan Sailesh Bahadur
Published: September 2017

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is one of the major public health problems in the Nepalese community and of the common endocrine disorders diagnosed in community primary health care centres.  The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of Thyroid dysfunction in Duwakot, NepalMaterials and Methods:  All the patients from Duwakot community who presented with the history of weight gain with tiredness and weight loss with palpitation were subjected to thyroid function test free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone. Results: Thyroid dysfunction was  found in 26% with M:F ratio of 1:5.  Subclinical hypothyroidism 62 (11.44%) was the most prevalent one followed by Primary hypothyroidism  48 (8.85%), primary hyperthyroidism 16 (2.95%) and subclinical hyperthyroidism 15 (2.76%).Conclusion: Thyroid dysfuntion has been observed despite of nationwide program regarding supplementation of micronutrient iodised salt.  Key words: Euthyroid, Hyperthroidism, Hypothyroidism, Iodine, Prevalence, Thyroid dysfunction
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Authors: Adhikari Ram Chandra , Shah Mahesh
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTLeishmaniasis is considered to be zoonotic disease, caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania, and transmitted by a bite of infected female sandfly. Primary cutaneous leishmaniasis is not common disease in Nepal, however, there were cases reported from Terai region of Nepal. The patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis present with a papule or nodule at the site of inoculation, followed by formation of crusts. Differential diagnoses of cutaneous leishmaniasis include variety of skin diseases, inflammatory like impetigo, eczema, or granulomatous like sarcoidosis, lupus vulgaris, to skin tumor like basal cell carcinoma & squamous cell carcinoma. There are various procedures and laboratory techniques used to diagnose leishmaniasis. Punch skin biopsy is widely used & popular technique to diagnose cutaneous leishmaniasis. Different drugs like sodium stibogluconate, sodium antimony gluconate, Amphotericin B and Miltefosine: are used for its treatment. No vaccines are available for prevention.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis; an institutional study
Authors: Karki Shovana , Rajbhandari Aasia
Published: September 2017

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a complex rare disease of the dendritic cell system.The disease can occur at any age, with a peak at 5-10 years. Here, we present the spectrum of this uncommon disease with different sites of involvement and its histopathological differential diagnosis. Material and Methods:  Study included 24 cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis out of approximately 50,000 biopsies received in the department.Results: The male to female ratio was 1.6:1 with mean age of 12 years. Commonest site of involvement was skin 37.5%, followed by bone 33.4%. Lymph nodes 20.9%, bone marrow 4.1% and thyroid 4.1% involvement was seen. Among the 9 cases of bone involvement, commonest site was humerus (3 cases), sternum (2 cases) and one case each in frontal bone, fibula, temporal bone and rib.Conclusion: Langerhans cell histiocytosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of histiocytic lesions involving various organs, especially in childhood.
Screening of Hemoglobin disorder in non-endemic region
Authors: K.C. Shiva Raj
Published: September 2017

Hemoglobinopathies are group of inherited disorders which can broadly be classified into qualitative and quantitative defects. Qualitative defects include Sickle cell anemia whereas quantitative defect includes Thalassemia.  Sickle cell anemia is characterised by abnormality in the structure of haemoglobin in particular substitution of adenine in sixth codon of β gene (GAG-GTG), thereby encoding valine instead of glutamic acid in sixth position of β chain.1 In thalassemia there is reduced production of one or more globin chains. Thalassemia is generally classified into two broad categories: α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia usually caused by deletions of one or all four alleles of α- genes and point mutation β gene respectively. This results in reduction or absence in globin chain synthesis.Hemoglobinopathies can be either in trait or disease condition. People with traits do not require medical or follow-up care after the initial diagnosis is made. People with β-thalassemia trait should be warned that their condition can be misdiagnosed as the more common iron deficiency anemia and should avoid routine use of iron supplements. Counselling is indicated in all persons with genetic disorders, especially when the family is at risk of a severe form of disease that may be prevented.In Nepal, though actual data is not available, increased incidence of hemoglobinopathies is observed among the ethnic community of Terai region. As we know, inherited haemoglobin disorders (sickle-cell disorders and thalassaemias) were originally characteristic of the tropics and subtropics. However, due to migration it has become common worldwide.2-5 In Nepal; hemoglobinopathies are seen in other population than from Terai. Hemoglobinopathies can be controlled cost-effectively by programmes that integrate treatment with carrier detection and genetic counselling, WHO has recommended global development of these services.5 A policy of detecting carriers and informing them of their risk, and possibilities for reducing it, usually leads to a fall in births and deaths of affected children. Requirements are the same for thalassaemias and sickle-cell disorders.  To prevent and minimize the disease regular screening; in all the communities; should be conducted at least in anaemic individuals with microcytic hypochromic anaema.  Population screening is not the only useful strategy: family studies can be cost-effective.The effects of screening depend on the choices made by informed individuals. Birth prevalence of thalassaemia can fall by over 90%6,7 because most at-risk couples limit their family to two healthy children,6,7 there is very high uptake of prenatal diagnosis, and some carriers avoid risk by selecting a non-carrier partner.6,7 Available data for sickle-cell disorders shows lower use of prenatal diagnosis8 and improved survival of affected children with neonatal diagnosis.
Discipline-Specific Compared to Generic Training of Teachers in Higher Education
Authors: Silva-Fletcher Ayona , May Stephen A.
Published: September 2017

A recurrent theme arising in the higher education sector is the suitability and effectiveness of generic versus discipline-specific training of university teachers, who are often recruited based on their disciplinary specialties to become teachers in higher education. We compared two groups of participants who had undergone training using a generic post-graduate certificate in higher education (PGCertGeneric) versus a discipline-specific course in veterinary education (PGCertVetEd). The study was conducted using a survey that allowed comparison of participants who completed PGCertGeneric (n=21) with PGCertVetEd (n=22). Results indicated that participants from both PGCertGeneric and PGCertVetEd considered teaching to be satisfying and important to their careers, valued the teaching observation component of the course, and identified similar training needs. However, the participants of the PGCertVetEd felt that the course made them better teachers, valued the relevance of the components taught, understood course design better, were encouraged to do further courses/reading in teaching and learning, changed their teaching as a result of the course, and were less stressed about teaching as compared to the PGCertGeneric participants (p<.05). It is likely that the PGCertVetEd, which was designed and developed by veterinarians with a wider understanding of the veterinary sector, helped the participants perceive the training course as suited to their needs.
A Novel Model for Teaching Primary Care in a Community Practice Setting: Tufts at Tech Community Veterinary Clinic
Authors: McCobb Emily , Rozanski Elizabeth A. , Malcolm Elizabeth L. , Wolfus Gregory , Rush John E.
Published: September 2017

Providing veterinary students with opportunities to develop clinical skills in a realistic, hands-on environment remains a challenge for veterinary education. We have developed a novel approach to teaching clinical medicine to fourth-year veterinary students and technical high school students via development of a primary care clinic embedded within a technical high school. The primary care clinic targets an underserved area of the community, which includes many of the participating high school students. Support from the veterinary community for the project has been strong as a result of communication, the opportunity for veterinarians to volunteer in the clinic, and the careful targeting of services. Benefits to veterinary students include the opportunity to build clinical competencies and confidence, as well as the exposure to a diverse client population. The financial model of the clinic is described and initial data on outcomes for case load, clinic income, veterinary student evaluations, and high school students' success in passing the veterinary assisting examination are reported. This clinical model, involving a partnership between a veterinary school and a technical high school, may be adoptable to other clinical teaching situations.
Physical startup tests for VVER-1200 of Novovoronezh NPP: advanced technique and some results
Authors: Afanasiev D. A. , Kraynov Yu. A. , Pinegin A. A. , Tsyganov S. V.
Published: September 2017

The intention of the startup physics tests was to confirm design characteristics of the core loading and their compliance with safety analysis preconditions. The program of startup tests for the leading unit is usually composed in such a way that is is possible to study as much neutron-physical characteristics as possible in the safest condition of zero power. State-of-the-art safety analysis is including computer codes that use three dimensional neutron kinetics and thermohydraulics models. For the substantiation of such models, for its validation and verification there is a need in reactor experiments that implementing spatially distributed transients. We based on such statements when composing hot zero power physical startup program for the new VVER-1200 unit of Novovoronezh NPP. Several tests unconventional for VVER were developed for that program. It includes measuring the worth for each of control rod groups and measuring of single rod worth from the inserted groups – test that models rod ejection event in some sense.