bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Economic Consequences of Authoritarian Neoliberalism in India
Authors: Singh Paramjit
Published: July 2023

This article examines the complex relationship between right-wing authoritarianism and neoliberalism in India. It explores the consequences of the right-wing authoritarian electoral majority and its alliance with neoliberal forces on democracy, economic development and distributive justice in India. It attributes the decline in economic growth, widespread unemployment, and precariousness of labor market to the alliance between right-wing extremist forces and neoliberal capital. It specifically exposes the colossal economic muddle created by austerity measures and the retreat of the state from distributional spheres. It argues that authoritarian shocks injected by the state have played a decisive role in expanding the network of primitive accumulation through widespread displacement and dispossession of petty and small producers.
Design and Fabrication of a UV Fused Silica GRISM Prototype for the Hobby-Eberly Telescope
Authors: Sun Manman , Ren Tao , Lin Wenyu , Geng Qinglin , Huan Shuhu , Chen Zhiwen , Qiu Keqiang
Published: July 2023

Modern telescope imaging spectrographs utilize high-quality gratings to achieve high resolution and throughput. However, when it comes to UV wavelengths, traditional volume phase holographic gratings (VPHGs) mostly used in telescopes may not provide ideal efficiency due to the absorption caused by the dichromate layer. In this study, we introduce a prototype of a fused silica transmission GRISM (prism-grating-prism) that offers several notable advantages over emerging VPHGs. Firstly, it exhibits a peak diffraction efficiency up to 95% and the efficiency is higher than 80% in the wavelength range 370-470nm. Secondly, it demonstrates high mechanical stability in humid or other harsh environments. Thirdly, it provides significant angular dispersion while maintaining a nearly constant angular dispersion profile. Here, we report a universal and convenient optical design method for the GRISM to meet the requirements of the Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET). Additionally, we provide the fabrication procedure involving holographic lithography, ion-beam etching, and wafer direct bonding technology.
Stiff upper lips: British affect and habitus in It’s a Sin
Authors: Morgan Ashley
Published: July 2023

Popular culture representations of the outbreak, impact of and responses to HIV/AIDS have tended to focus on America. British responses to the HIV/AIDS pandemic have been scarce, and when they have been present, have only occurred fleetingly. It’s a Sin (2021) is an unusual portrayal of HIV/AIDS in popular culture in its quintessential Britishness. Using the concept of stiff upper lip, as a stereotype of British affect, this article explores the ways in which different social classes in the series deal with the fact of homosexuality, and the growing threat of HIV/AIDS in the ten years between 1981 and 1991. The higher the social class, the more repressed and colder the characters are. This is further expressed through affect, and through the mise en scène of the family’s homes. The 1980s is often represented in popular culture as a decade of economic decline and poverty. Yet, It’s a Sin is a unique portrayal of life in 1980s London, which begins with confidence and freedom, and ends with a new strata of people who go on to transcend the social class exigencies of their families.
Representing a long emergency: New approaches to urban change in literary and cultural studies
Authors: Henryson Hanna , Knittle Davy
Published: July 2023

The introduction to this Special Issue considers how literary and cultural representations of cities in transition contribute to interdisciplinary vocabularies for describing urban change beyond gentrification. By ‘urban change’ we refer to shifts in city and regional planning and real estate development, but also to environmental events, patterns of migration and informal uses of the city that shape how urban places transform. The introduction frames scholarship about what gentrification can and should describe as a debate about language and representation. We revisit critical discussions of gentrification and turn to areas of urbanist scholarship that have effectively modelled more specific approaches to describing urban change. We introduce the five articles in the Special Issue and contextualize how their engagement with representations of urban change in London, metropolitan Delhi, Lubumbashi, New York and Manchester intervene in interdisciplinary urban scholarship by offering new tools for describing urban change amid neo-liberal globalization.
A adequação do sistema de escolar às novas realidades socioeconómicas. A(s) reforma(s) do ensino liceal (1945-1968)
Authors: Ferreira António Gomes Alves , Mota Luís Carlos Martins D´Almeida
Published: July 2023

O reposicionamento geoestratégico de Portugal no mundo do pós-guerra e as transformações na formação social portuguesa conduziram a alterações na política educativa, reconhecendo à educação um papel fulcral no crescimento económico, sustentado na teoria do capital humano. As preocupações centraram-se na formação de recursos humanos qualificados, na valorização do capital escolar e na promoção da planificação educativa. Analisa-se a evolução dos objetivos e da estrutura curricular dos liceus, incluindo a criação do Ciclo Preparatório do Ensino Secundário, convocando fontes escritas submetidas a análise documental, com recurso ao método crítico, e de conteúdo. As finalidades a atribuir ao ensino liceal revelam-se a questão central no sentido de os liceus promoverem a escolarização de um leque mais alargado de portugueses. Um processo que se concretiza com base na desigualdade de acesso à educação.
Pensar a História da Educação: entre práticas, sujeitos e silêncios
Authors: Uzun Julia Rany Campos Freitas Pereira
Published: July 2023

Não existe produção historiográfica descolada de seu contexto. A ideia de que o autor está à frente de seu tempo, ou que se instala no pensamento de três séculos atrás, vem carregada do principal pecado do historiador: o anacronismo. Nesse sentido, o livro organizado por Ariadne Lopes Ecar e Surya Aaronovich Pombo de Barros traz uma série de reflexões sobre a História da Educação e a profissão docente muito presentes no contexto em que se insere: o da preocupação com o desmantelamento das Ciências Humanas no Brasil, que afeta diretamente o processo de formação docente. Com propostas diferentes, vinculados a níveis educacionais diversos em todas as regiões do país, os autores e autoras envolvidos no projeto mobilizaram sua escrita para discutir o papel da História da Educação para a garantia de uma educação pública de qualidade, que dê voz a múltiplos atores e que faça sentido para professores e estudantes nesse momento de crise. O resgate minucioso da história da profissão docente no Brasil é um grande desafio para os pesquisadores em História da Educação. A formação dos sistemas de ensino brasileiros passou por um processo precoce de estadualização, fazendo com que a formação de professores adquirisse caráter regional (TANURI, 2000, p.61). Nesse sentido, o grande esforço dessa obra é retomar trajetórias pessoais, institucionais e contextuais que ampliem o olhar sobre a história da formação de professores no Brasil, suas práticas, suas estratégias e suas diversas formas de apropriação e ressignificação do “ser professor” em diversas temporalidades.
Fear is an illness of the brain. A cognitive account of a novel constructive scenario of fear
Authors: Dąbrowska Anna
Published: July 2023

Once we perceive a situation as a danger, threat, or shock, the information about a fearful stimulus is immediately sent to the amygdala, which, being a component of the limbic system, is responsible for fear and anxiety processing, and plays an important role in emotion and behaviour. As the research suggests, the message about a potentially frightening situation can reach the amygdala long before we are even consciously aware of it. Then, the amygdala is to trigger a fight-or-flight reaction, marked by our increased heart rate and respiration to prepare for action (cf. LeDoux 2007). The aim of the research is, first, to account for the most prototypical cognitive scenario of fear through the prism of Cognitive Linguistics (cf. Kövecses 1986, 2015) and supply it with this neuroscientific and psychological knowledge of fear. We learn that in addition to the most common human reactions to fear, i.e. the one of a fighter or the one of a runaway, a modern man reacts to fear by denying it as well as by displacing fear from their subconscious mind. Second, by investigating the novel metaphor FEAR IS AN ILLNESS OF THE BRAIN, we aim to propose a novel constructive cognitive scenario of fear, which helps us deal with this unwanted emotion in contemporary situations that generate fear, e.g. in the era of (post)Covid-19 pandemic (WHO 2021, July 15).
Maria Sieroszewska (1881–1964). Studium przypadku
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, Legutko Grażyna
Published: July 2023

The article is an attempt to re-enactment the unknown part of Maria Sieroszewska life. She was a daughter of Wacław Sieroszewski (1858–1945), the Polish man who was exiled to Siberia and Arina Czełba-Kysa (1860–1886), an Yackut woman who came from Wierchojańsk. Maria was a half-orphan. When she was a five-years-old-girl, her mother died. When she was sixteen years old, her father came back to Poland and left her with his friends in Czarist Russia. Maria grew up in the area that contained three cultures: Polish, Russian and Sakha. Her life exemplifies the dramatic fate of children whose parents were from two other countries (mother was from Asia, father came from Europe) in that time.
Legal basis and practical dimensions of humanitarian aid and civil protection provided by the European Union
Authors:   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Faculty of Political Science and Journalism, Poland, Lesińska-Staszczuk Magdalena
Published: July 2023

The article focuses on presenting the legal basis and practical dimensions of humanitarian aid and civil protection provided by the European Union in the face of world`s contemporary problems. The humanitarian aid and civil protection provided by the European Union is based on a solid legal foundation, as well as a set of concrete principles and common objectives. In the context of ever-increasing humanitarian needs and limited resources, the EU, together with its Member States and humanitarian partners, will seek a more coordinated and coherent approach to providing help, where humanitarian aid and development aid are interrelated, allowing current needs to be more efficiently addressed. EU-funded assistance is delivered in different forms, depending on the circumstances and unique character of each emergency. What remains the same, however, are the values that guide the Union and that are required from its aid partners, i.e.: humanity, neutrality, impartiality, and independence. The European Union continues to be a leader in the field of humanitarian aid around the world, being not only the main donor, but also setting standards for compliance with international humanitarian law and humanitarian principles.
Interaction of ionic liquids with polysaccharides. 5. Solvents and reaction media for the modification of cellulose
Authors: Liebert Tim , Heinze Thomas
Published: July 2023

The use of ionic liquids (ILs) in the field of cellulose chemistry opens up a broad variety of new opportunities. Besides the regeneration of the biopolymer to fibers, films, and beads, this new class of cellulose solvents is particularly useful for the homogeneous chemical modification of the polysaccharide. In this review, the potential of ILs as a reaction medium for the homogeneous cellulose functionalization is discussed. It is shown that numerous conversions proceed very efficiently and the ILs may be recycled. But it is also demonstrated that some side reactions have to be considered.
Development of Legal Document Classification System Based on Support Vector Machine
Authors: Nasu Yuri , Lanin Vyacheslav Vladimirovich
Published: July 2023

This paper was prepared while developing text classification system for legal documents, especially those that issued by Legislative Assembly of Perm Krai. The problem in question is a lack of solutions that meet regional requirements, the main of which is the classification used in region. The research that evaluates applications of Natural Language Processing models is conveyed. The primary result of the study is the actual applicability of Support Vector Machine (SVM) to preprocessed legal document categorization. There were a server-side API constructed to perform the task, and a server-side models pre-trained of which SVM is favored.
Piensa críticamente o muere: la transformación de la universidad y la mercantilización del saber
Authors: Arrieta Ariza Wayleen
Published: July 2023

La condición intelectual. Informe para una academia, de Raúl Rodríguez Freire –en minúsculas, respetando la ortografía adoptada por el autor– está concebido a partir de una dualidad complementaria entre forma y contenido. En cuanto a la forma, el libro está diseñado al estilo de una plataforma digital, al estilo de las redes sociales, con cambios en su tipografía, logos de redes sociales, notas y acápites de textos literarios que complementan las tesis de los apartados.
Construcción de una historia de vida con fines académicos
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, García Jiménez Bibiana
Published: July 2023

Esta guía contiene el paso a paso en la construcción de una historia de vida relacionada con el conflicto armado. El propósito de esta actividad radica en la construcción de material pedagógico, el cual les permite a los estudiantes aumentar la cercanía con los problemas sociales de la sociedad colombiana. La actividad podrá realizarse en grupos, los cuales tendrán que efectuar un análisis de toda la información y diversas fuentes que consulten para la construcción de esta historia de vida. En el presente documento se precisan los pasos que se siguen para la adecuada construcción de la historia de vida con fines académicos.
Bimekizumab, a Humanized Monoclonal Immunoglobulin G1 Antibody for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Miyagawa Ippei ,   The First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan,   Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany,   Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, Tanaka Yoshiya ,   The First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
Published: July 2023

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA), often accompanied by nail psoriasis, spine, enthesitis and iritis, is a typical complication of psoriasis. PsA leads to the destruction and/or ankylosis of the peripheral joints or spine, resulting in poor quality of life. Interleukin (IL)-23, IL-17 and tumour necrosis factor play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of PsA and are targets for its treatment. Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs targeting these cytokines and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs targeting Janus kinases are available and widely used in clinical practice. Despite the availability of these drugs, there are still unmet needs; for example, patients often resist treatment and relapse or develop intolerance. Bimekizumab is a humanized monoclonal IgG1 antibody that selectively and directly inhibits IL-17A and IL-17F expression. Recently, the efficacy and tolerability of bimekizumab have been reported in several large clinical trials, including two phase III studies. Bimekizumab brings rapid symptom relief and is effective in patients who are biologic-naïve and those who have inadequate responses or become intolerable to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors and require discontinuation; therefore, it is expected to be a novel blockbuster to overcome the unmet needs of PsA.
Dyadic Death Series from An Autopsy Center: Femicide Suicides Cases
Authors: Balcı Yasemin , Ekinci Ecesu , Anolay Nurettin Nezih , Çallak Füsun
Published: July 2023

Objective: Dyadic death is a term generally used to describe cases in which the murderer committed suicide, usually after a murder, or cases where two people committed suicide together. In the cases that underwent autopsy in Muğla, between 2013 and 2021, the crime scene and dead examination reports were retrospectively analyzed, and those with dyadic deaths were evaluated and these cases were discussed. We believe that creating a database where dyadic deaths are recorded across the country, will shed light on understanding the dynamics of dyadic deaths.
 Methods: The crime scene analysis and dead examination reports of autopsies carried out between 2013-2021 in Muğla Forensic Medicine Branch Office were analyzed retrospectively.
Results: In our case series, all 11 bilateral deaths were femicide-suicide and 9 of them used firearms for murder. In one of the cases, femicide occurred with a penetrating tool, and in the other case, it was caused by blunt head trauma.
Conclusion: There is a partner relationship in all of the murders. Except for one case, all of those killed were women and all were spouses/ partners or ex-partners. These data in our case series show that dyadic deaths are an indicator of the violence against women in our country.
Hukuka Aykırı Şekilde Yapılan Organ Nakillerinin Türk Ceza Kanunu Madde 25/2 Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Atılgan Mehmet , Deveci Cemyiğit , Toksoy İrem Tuğçe
Published: July 2023

Objective: Illegal organ transplantations are attempted from time to time by issuing fake IDs or using someone else’s identity to receive transplantation as soon as possible by bypassing the organ waiting list. In recent years, it has been requested by the Court of Cassation that the people who were alleged to have purchased organs be evaluated in terms of Turkish Penal Code (TPC) 25/2. This study aims to discuss the method of approach to these cases.
Methods: The forensic reports prepared by the Department of Forensic Medicine of Akdeniz University Hospital between 01.01.2019 and 31.12.2021 were examined, and the cases that were sent by judicial authorities to be evaluated in terms of TPC 25/2 were included in the study.
Results: A total of nine cases were identified. It was understood that five of these cases used fake IDs, as well as, in six cases the illegal transplants were identified after the completion of the transplantations.
 Conclusion: TPC Article 25/2 states that, in case of necessity, the person does not have any criminal responsibility regarding the behaviors they do to protect against a serious and certain danger which was directed at a right to which they, or another, were entitled where there are no other means of protection. Although end-stage renal disease is an important public health problem, there are treatment alternatives for patients with end-stage renal disease. As a result, it was concluded that these cases did not have a medical emergency that prevented hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis before transplantation.
THE EFFECTS OF RESTAURANT GREEN PRACTICES ON CUSTOMER INTENTION TO PURCHASE ECO-FRIENDLY PRODUCTS: EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAM
Authors: Ngoc Khuong Mai , Hanh Nhan Do , Thi Minh Phuong Nguyen
Published: July 2023

This research aims to identify how green practices affect customer intention to purchase green products via customers’ emotional attachment. Using the PLS- SEM to analyze 358 restaurant guests to find customer intention to purchase green products is a fundamental constituent of a restaurant’s success. The results reveal that the application of recycling and composting, energy and water management activities have a positive significant impact on customer intention to purchase green products and pro-environmental emotional attachment, and the application of organic food-green products and materials have a significant impact on emotional attachment, but not trigger on customer intention to purchase green products. Meanwhile, the application of eco-friendly supplies did not affect emotional attachment and customer intention to purchase. Pro-environmental emotional attachment is a key mediator of the customer intention model. The results provided both knowledge and theory of green practices by adding customers’ emotional attachment into the theory of planned behavior to understand customer behavior toward green restaurants. It proposes managerial recommendations and building strategies for the long term to increase customer intention to purchase green products in the restaurant industry.
THE IMPOSSIBLE TRINITY OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES – THE GREEK EXAMPLE
Authors: Đogo Marko , Gligorić Dragan , Grujić Miloš , Mekinjić Boško
Published: July 2023

The mobility of factors of production from the very beginnings of the theory of the optimal currency area (OCA) stands out as one of the primary mechanisms for achieving a balance of payments, i.e. sustainability of the monetary union (Mundell criterion). However, there is a significant qualitative difference between the monetary union of countries with similar income levels and the one with different development stages Namely, in the first case, labor mobility, as a rule, has short-term economic effects, while it has a longer-term (more negative) impact – especially on the long-run aggregate supply (LRAS). Many Eastern European countries, which expressed a desire to become part of European integration and the monetary union after the communist ruin, experienced this. In a previous paper, the authors set the thesis about “Impossible Trinity of Developing Countries”. In this paper, the aspiration is to confirm the validity of this theory by analyzing Greece within the period 1999-2020, specifically observing the impact of three variables (fiscal policy, social development level, and level of economic freedom) on the emigration of the population under conditions of monetary union and labor force mobility. The results obtained in this research indicate that the fiscal policy in the observed period was the most significant factor in explaining migration trends. The implications for developing countries that are currently entering (such as Croatia) or intend to enter the monetary union with more developed countries in the future are particularly significant.
STRATEGIST’S COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVES, INNOVATION, AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY IN VIETNAM
Authors: Ngoc Khuong Mai , Quoc Loc Nguyen , Ngoc Duy Phuong Nguyen , Nhu Ty Nguyen
Published: July 2023

The main aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between strategists’ intuitive and analytical thinking, innovation, and corporate competitive advantage. This study not only proposes the new model to the academic world but also provides the empirical investigation on the direct and indirect effect of a strategist’s analytic reasoning perspective and strategist’s generative reasoning perspective on innovation and competitive advantage as well as the mediating role of innovation between the strategist’s cognitive perspective of reasoning and corporate competitive advantage. This study conducted questionnaires of 382 samples in state-owned companies, FDI, and private companies in Vietnam. Structure equation modelling was applied through smart PLS to analyse the valid data. The results provide substantial evidence of significant relationships between strategists’ cognitive perspectives of reasoning, innovation, and competitive advantage in the context of State own, FDI, and private companies in Vietnam. Besides, the findings also show that there are non-relationships in the direct effect between product innovation and competitive advantage and between marketing innovation and competitive advantage. Moreover, the research results imply various managerial implications regarding how organizations successfully increase their competitive advantage by increasing their leader’s cognition in management.
Novel therapeutic delivery for neurodegenerative diseases: Strategies to overcome CNS barriers
Authors: Doke Rohit R , Naik Tejas S , Lamkhade Disha L , Bhise Tanaya S , Khokrale Vikrant N , Gosavi Yuvraj B
Published: July 2023

The incidence of central nervous system (CNS) diseases is expected to rise significantly due to increasing lifespan and changing population demographics. Among CNS diseases, neurodegenerative diseases (ND’s) entail a significant challenge since they frequently involve neuronal loss and age-related progressive deterioration in brain function. Although the mechanisms and pathogenesis of neuronal disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease (HD) have been extensively studied, effective treatment strategies remain limited. Drug delivery to the CNS is particularly challenging and poses a significant obstacle in the management of neurodegeneration. The present review focuses on the challenges associated with neuronal disorders, especially concerning the delivery of macro molecules containing proteins and nucleic acid. Additionally, we highlight opportunities to enhance therapeutic delivery for the treatment of ND’s. As our understanding of the biological aspects of ND’s continues to grow, there is a growing potential for therapeutic interventions. Therefore, these delivery strategies play a vital role for the future transition of CNS therapies from research labs to clinical practices.
Evaluation and clinical management of drug-drug interactions in hypertensive patients associated co-morbidities: A study in general medicine and ICU ward
Authors: Teli Avinash , Kumar Rohit , Rathore Pooja , Kumar Vishal , Ali Sharookh
Published: July 2023

This comparative study aims to evaluate and compare the clinical management of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in hypertensive patients with associated co-morbidities, specifically focusing on the practices in general medicine and ICU ward settings. Hypertensive patients commonly experience co-morbidities that require multiple medications, increasing the risk of DDIs and subsequent adverse events. Understanding the current evaluation and management strategies for DDIs in these patient populations is essential for optimizing patient outcomes. This research investigates the approaches employed in general medicine and ICU wards, including DDI identification, assessment, and intervention methods. By comparing these practices, the study aims to identify potential variations, challenges, and areas for improvement in DDI management across these clinical settings. The findings of this study will contribute to the development of evidence-based guidelines and recommendations for enhancing the clinical management of DDIs in hypertensive patients with co-morbidities, ultimately improving patient safety and therapeutic outcomes.
The effect of sex phytoregulators on cucumber productivity
Authors: Steinert T. V. , Aliluev A. V.
Published: July 2023

Relevance. Gender phytoregulators occupy an important place in the seed production of parental forms of cucumber, they allow you to shift the sex of the plant in the right direction, increase the intensity of selection, obtain purely female lines, and increase the efficiency of hybrid seed production.Results. The paper presents the regulations for the use of Esfon on the breeding line ZhL 24, which is the mother form of the hybrid Rich garden F1. To obtain the maximum number of female flowers, without significant inhibition of vegetative growth, it is necessary to treat vegetative plants three times with an interval of 5 days, starting from the phase of the second true leaf, with a solution of Esfon (BP. 65%) at a concentration of 0.03% (300 mg/l) with the purpose of preventing closely related crosses and increasing the hybridity of seeds. This technique stimulates the earlier development of pistillate flowers, minimizes the formation of male flowering, increases the number of fruits per plant, their size and weight, which allows increasing the yield per unit area by 40%.
Safety concerns for under-15 house helpers living with their non-biological parents in Nigeria: A call to revamp social protection strategies
Authors: Onalu Chinyere , Ramsey-Soroghaye Blessing , Okah Paulinus Sunday
Published: July 2023

Traditionally, the Nigeria system provides different reasons why children move from their biological parents to homes of non-biological parent, older relatives, and other social networks. While it is true that any form of under-aged labour mete on a child is illegal, certain cultural and social patterns are the reasons for the promotion of this phenomenon. Common among these reasons is the lack of resources to provide care and cater for the child (ren), death of the biological parents, and/or the parent wishing the child grows under tough conditions that supposedly makes the child a responsible adult. Notwithstanding these reasons, there are concerns that have been raised pertaining to the welfare of under-aged children in this setting, as it is reported that a considerable number of under-aged children suffer abuse, humiliation and other hazards. While this practice of raising children has grown to be popular and approved by communities in Nigeria, little is said about the abusive concerns that have been fastened to the practice. This study underscores the reasons for the persistence of these abusive concerns, despite the presence of the 2003 Child Rights Act. It advocates for a revamping of Nigeria’s social protection space, signposting the relevance of social workers to such cause. Data was sourced through in-depth interview organized for 10 respondents (five parents and five house helpers). Analysis was done thematically. Themes derived from the study showed that safety concerns as regards under-aged helpers are non-existent and this increases the severity of mental, emotional and physical damages faced by the under-aged children. It is clear that there is a dire need for Nigerian government to set up and implement well-coordinated social protection measures and programmes for vulnerable children and their households. These well-coordinated social protection measures will help to keep these vulnerable children within the safety net of their family.
Genetic diversity Analysis using molecular markers of some rice varieties for Physiological, biochemical and yield Traits under water deficit condition
Authors: El-Aty Mohamed S. Abd , Abo-Youssef Mahmoud I. , Bahgt Mohamed M.
Published: July 2023

Rice is a major staple food crop all over the world. Recent climate change trends forecast an increase in drought severity, necessitating the creation of novel drought-tolerant rice cultivars in order to continue rice production in this ecosystem. This study was carried out at the experimental farm of the rice research and training center (RRTC) using the randomized complete block design (RCBD) to assess the impact of water scarcity on eight rice varieties by identifying differences in physiological and biochemical responses among drought-sensitive and resistant rice varieties, in addition applying two PCR-based molecular marker systems ISSR and SCoT to assess the genetic diversity among the studied rice varieties. The results revealed that, Water shortage stress significantly reduced relative water content, total chlorophyll content, grain yield, and yield characteristics. while, it significantly raised proline content and antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT, APX, and SOD). The combined analysis of variance demonstrated that the mean squares for environments, varieties, and their interaction were highly significant for all investigated traits, suggesting that the germplasm used in the study had significant genetic diversity from one environment (normal irrigation) to another (water deficit) and could rank differently in both of them. Mean performance data showed that, Puebla and Hispagran varieties were selected as the most favourable varieties for most physiological and biochemical parameters studied, as well as yield traits which recorded the highest desirable values under both irrigation treatments. They were recommended for use in rice hybrid breeding programmes for water scarcity tolerance. Genetic Similarity and Cluster Analysis revealed that, the both molecular markers exhibited comparable genetic diversity values but a higher level of polymorphism was represented by ISSR. This indicates the high efficiency of both markers in discriminating the tested varieties. The dendrogram generated by ISSR and SCoT markers combined data divided the varieties into two major clusters. Cluster I consisted of the genotype Sakha 106. Cluster II retained seven varieties, which were further divided into two sub-clusters; Sakha 101, Sakha 105, Sakha 106, Sakha 107 constituted the first subgroup, while Giza 177, Hispagran, and Puebla formed the second one.
Ultrasonographic characteristics and outcome of 40 cases of fetal umbilical-portal-systemic venous shunts: a single-center study
Authors: Liu Jianjun , Zhang Jun , Chen Ying , Qiu Mei , Xue Yafang , Guo Yanli
Published: July 2023

Background To investigate the ultrasonographic characteristics and outcome of fetal umbilical-portal-systemic venous shunt (UPSVS). Methods The study studied cases of UPSVS retrospectively at an single center from January 2015 to December 2021. The ultrasonographic features, types and postnatal outcomes of fetal UPSVS were retrospectively analyzed and the outcomes were followed up. Results A total of forty cases with UPSVS including 4 Type I, 18 Type II, 18 cases of Type III (16 cases of IIIa, 2 cases of IIIb ) were identified. Two cases of Type I were terminated due to complete absence of the portal venous (PV) system. Genetic assessment revealed one case of Type I had deletion of fragment. Type II were mainly complicated by structural malformations, particularly cardiovascular abnormalities. And the parents opted for pregnancy termination in 4 cases. The most common associated anomalies was cardiac enlargement, followed by fetal growth restriction in Type III shunts. Termination of pregnancy occurred in 6 cases of Type IIIa as requested by the couples, 1 case of Type IIIa resulted from premature and 2 cases of Type IIIb due to the completely absent PV. Genetic tests showed trisomy X had microduplication in one case. The shunt was spontaneous closed after birth in all Type IIIa cases. Conclusions Prenatal diagnosis of UPSVS by ultrasonography is feasible, which is valuable for perinatal management and prenatal consultation. Fetal postnatal prognosis is determined by the presence of anomalies in the PV system, genetics or structure.
Drug-resistant EGFR lung cancer mutations promote tumor growth by stabilizing interfaces in ligand-free signaling-competent EGFR oligomers
Authors: Martin-Fernandez Marisa , Gervasio Francesco , Rolfe Daniel , Iyer R. Sumanth , Needham Sarah , Roberts Selene , Zanetti-Domingues Laura , Davis Benjamin , Clarke David , Fruhwirth Gilbert , Man Rico , Galdadas Ioannis , Parker Peter
Published: July 2023

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently mutated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) where it has been successfully targeted with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but these are eventually overcome by drug resistance. Overcoming this therapeutic challenge has been hindered by the poor understanding of how wild type (WT)-EGFR elicits ligand-independent signals essential for cell homeostasis, which are then hijacked by cancer mutations. Ligand-independent signaling cannot be explained by the autoinhibited ligand-free EGFR dimer and oligomer structures so far available. Here we show that EGFR achieves ligand-independent phosphorylation by assembling dimer conformers into obligate ligand-free hetero-conformational oligomers. We reveal the structure of these ligand-free oligomers and their mechanisms of assembly. We also show how these mechanisms are exploited by drug-resistant T766M and Ex20ins EGFR mutants, revealing oncogenic functions for hitherto orphan transmembrane and kinase interfaces, and for the ectodomain tethered conformation of EGFR. Our findings provide a framework for future drug discovery directed at tackling EGFR mutations in cancer by disabling oligomer-assembling interactions.
Osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians as a risk assessment tool of airflow limitation in Japanese post-menopausal women
Authors: Watanabe Kazuhiko , Omori Hisamitsu , Onoue Ayumi , Kubota Kenichi , Yoshida Minoru , Katoh Takahiko
Published: July 2023

Reduced respiratory function is associated with low bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. Therefore, we assessed the association between the osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians (OSTA) and airflow limitation (AL) in post-menopausal Japanese women. This cross-sectional study included 1,580 patients who underwent a comprehensive health examination using spirometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The OSTA was calculated by subtracting the age in years from the body weight in kilograms, and the result was multiplied by 0.2. Furthermore, the OSTA risk level was defined as low (> -1), moderate (-4 to -1), or high (< -4); AL was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) < 0.7. Prevalence of AL was significantly higher in the high OSTA group (15.3%) than in the low OSTA group (3.1%). The OSTA was independently associated with FEV1/FVC. Moreover, in logistic regression models adjusted for smoking status, alcohol consumption, current use of medication for diabetes, hyperglycemia, rheumatoid arthritis, second-hand smoke, and removal of ovary, the risk of AL (adjusted odds ratio: 5.48; 95% confidence interval: 2.90–10.37) was significantly higher in participants with OSTA high-risk than in those with low-risk. Thus, OSTA high-risk indicates the presence of AL in Japanese post-menopausal women.
Transplantation of Healthy Mitochondria into Rat Renal Proximal Tubular Cells Reduces Colistin- Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cellular Damage: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Arjmand Abdollah , Mohammadabadi Maryam , Faizi Mehrdad , Fakhri Amir , Jamali Zhaleh , Salimi Ahmad , Pourahmad Jalal
Published: July 2023

Background Kidney damage caused by colistin (polymyxin E) can bring about a decrease in creatinine clearance, potential proteinuria, cylindruria and oliguria in treated patients. It is therefore imperative to develop a new therapeutic strategy for reducing kidney damage after treatment with colistin. Mitochondrial damage is one of contributing factors in colistin-induced nephrotoxicity. Given the therapeutic benefits of mitochondrial transplantation by exogenous healthy mitochondria, we hypothesized that this strategy would be capable of ameliorating renal proximal tubular cells damage following exposure with colistin.Methods For this purpose, we isolated rat renal proximal tubular cells (RPTCs) form kidney and exposed them with toxic concertation of colistin with/without rat healthy isolated mitochondria for 4 hours. Cellular parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), caspase 3 activation, lysosomal damage, glutathione and ATP content were measured.Results The results showed that administration of isolated mitochondria could improve colistin-induced nephrotoxicity and reduce mitochondrial dysfunction. Exogenous mitochondria reduced the activity of LDH, production of ROS, ATP and GSH depletion, loss of MMP, lysosomal damages and cell death.Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, these results provide the first direct experimental evidence that mitochondrial transplantation is capable of ameliorating cellular damage following treatment with colistin. These findings support that mitochondrial transplantation can be a promising therapeutic strategy for colistin-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and kidney damage.
Influence of tool flank wear with considering tool edge radius on instantaneous uncut chip thickness and cutting force in micro-end milling
Authors: Gao Shuaishuai , Duan Xianyin , Zhu Kunpeng , Zhang Yu
Published: July 2023

Accurate theoretical analysis and modeling of instantaneous uncut chip thickness (IUCT) play a crucial role in the cutting force prediction of the micro-milling process. Tool wear and tool runout have a significant influence on the IUCT and become key factors to be considered. An IUCT model covering the influence of tool runout and tool flank wear with considering tool edge radius is proposed. Based on this the prediction model of the cutting force is constructed in the micro-end milling process. Firstly, an actual tool radius model considering tool flank wear and tool edge radius is analyzed. The IUCT model is established by constructing the trochoidal trajectories of the current cutting edge and all cutting edges in the previous cycle with considering tool flank wear and tool runout. Moreover, tool flank wear and tool runout are considered in the determination of cutter-workpiece engagement and the calibration of cutting force coefficients. Effectiveness of the established cutting force model is verified by micro milling experiments and statistic analysis. Results show that tool flank wear has a significant effect on the cutting forces of the three directions, and the influence of tool flank wear on the IUCT is small in a certain range. This work for predicting the IUCT and cutting force sheds new light on revealing various derived physical phenomena such as deformation, heat, and stress in the micro-cutting process.
Nutritional comparison and evaluation of two macroalgae, Sargassum ilicifulium and Padina australis, as partial substitution of fish meal in practical diets of Asian sea bass juvenile (Lates calcarifer)
Authors: Morshedi Vahid , Gamoori Reza , Yilmaz Sevdan , Hamedi Shirin , Ghasemi Ahmad , Shapawi Rossita
Published: July 2023

In the present study, Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) with an initial mean body weight of 29.0 ± 1.0 g (in your materials and methods -31.0 g- which one is correct?) has been used as a model organism to establish the effects of dietary of Sargassum ilicifulium and Padina australis, as partial substitution of fish meal on growth performance, body composition, hemato-immunlogical response, digestive enzymes and immune and growth-related genes. Three diets were formulated in which fish meal (FM) was gradually replaced by S. ilicifolium (SIM) and P. australis meal (PAM) at 6% (S6 & P6, respectively) whereas in the control diet (C), FM was not replaced with macroalgae. Asian seabass juveniles were fed for six weeks with experimental diets. At the end of the experiment, growth and feed utilization parameters in P6 group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The P. australis dietary supplementation showed differences significantly in RBC, Hb, Hct, WBC to write in full during 1st mention, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and cholesterol contents (P < 0.05). It was observed that the levels of total protein and triglyceride in fish fed S. ilicifulium diet significantly increased compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). The skin mucus total immunoglobulin (Ig) and mucus lysozyme in the group fed on P6 were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The serum total Ig in the group fed on S6 was significantly higher with respect to the control group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were recorded in the contents of ACH50 in full during 1st. mention and serum lysozyme among all treatment groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the contents of protease, lipase, and amylase among all treatments (P > 0.05). At the end of the experiment, the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), lysozyme (LZ), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in P6 were significantly higher than other treatments (P < 0.05). The results obtained in the present study showed that P. australis as a partial replacement for fishmeal in the diet of Asian sea bass juveniles is beneficial for its immune system and growth performance stimulatory effects.
Rindler Trajectories in Cloud of strings in 3rd order Lovelock gravity
Authors: Shahzad M Umair , Sadaf Aneela
Published: July 2023

This paper studies the Rindler trajectories in the Cloud of strings in 3rd-order Lovelock gravity. According to the generalization of the Letaw-Frenet equations for curved spacetime (ST), the trajectory will continue to accelerate linearly and uniformly throughout its motion. The ST of the Cloud of strings in 3rd-order Lovelock gravity, a boundary is established on the bound of the accelerated magnitude |a| for radially inward traveling trajectories in the expression of the BH mass M which is represented by |a| ≤ 2/(√105 M). For a certain selection of asymptotic initial data h, the linearly uniformly accelerated trajectory always enters the BH for acceleration |a| greater than the bound value. To study the bound value by |a|, the radial linearly uniformly accelerated trajectory can only travel to infinity within a small radius or the distance of the closest approach. However, it is observed that when the bound |a| = 2/(√105M) is saturated, and this distance approaches its lowest value of rb = (b+2)√ 7 √ 5M 4 √ b+1 , r > rs. We also demonstrate that the value of the acceleration has a limited constraint, there is always an extension of the closest approach rb > (b+2) √ 7 √ 5M 6 √ b+1 for |a| ≤ B(M, h), for each set of finite asymptotic initial data h.
Enhancing Semantic Segmentation throughCycle-consistent Label Propagation in Video
Authors: Addanki Veerababu , Yerramreddy Dhanvanth Reddy , Durgapu Sathvik , Boddu Sasi Sai Nadh , Durgapu Vyshnav
Published: July 2023

To perform semantic image segmentation using deep learning models, a significant quantity of data and meticulous manual annotation is necessary , and the process consumes a lot of resources, including time and money. To resolve such issues, we introduce a unique label propagation method that utilizes cycle consistency across time to propagate labels over longer time horizons with higher accuracy. Additionally, we acknowledge that dense pixel annotation is a noisy process , whether performed manually or automatically. To address this, we present a principled approach that accounts for label uncertainty when training with labels from multiple noisy labeling processes. We introduce two new approaches; Warp-Refine Propagation and Uncertainty- Aware Training, for improving label propagation and handling noisy labels, respectively, and support the process with quantitative and qualitative evaluations and theoretical justification. Our contributions are validated on the Cityscapes and ApolloScape datasets, where we achieve encouraging results. In later endeavors, the aim should be to expand such approaches to include other noisy augmentation processes like image-based rendering methods, thanks to the noisy label learning approach.
Research on the Construction of Ecological Landscape Environment of Guanzhong Village under the Strategy of Rural Revitalization
Authors: Cao Jun , Pengjie HAN , ZHANG Wei , ZHAO Guangshe
Published: July 2023

In the construction of the ecological landscape of Guanzhong villages, the traditional construction methods lack standards that meet the current ecological needs, making the construction incomplete and the ecological benefits cannot meet the development needs of the village. To this end, a study on the construction of the ecological landscape environment of Guanzhong villages under the rural revitalization strategy is proposed. According to the national ecological construction standards, establish the village ecological landscape environment construction standards, consider the future development of the village, determine the ecological landscape environment construction principles, and on this basis, use the ecological construction in the city as a reference to construct the ecological landscape environment. The experimental results show that the ecological landscape environment construction method of Guanzhong Village under the designed rural revitalization strategy is more comprehensive, and the four-dimensional score is higher.