bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Financialization of Commodity Markets in India
Authors: Rodrigues Joswin Prince , B Vinnarasi
Published: July 2023

For numerous financial institutions, Commodity Futures (CF) has emerged as a widespread asset class since the 2000s. From 2000 to 2010, the estimation of the number of commodity index traders quadrupled, also, the number of hedge funds tripled. Recently, it has been noticed that in India, there occurs a vast inflow of investment toward the CF. Simultaneously, there occurs a problem of extremely higher prices along with volatility in commodity prices in India. However, studies on the financialization of the Commodity Market (CM) in India are not sufficient. This study was presented for analyzing the role of the financialization of CMs in India. Analyzing the association betweenCMs and equities markets in India is the major intention behind this study. Here, the Indian- MCX of India, the NSE of India, and the S&P500 Index are the sources from where the data has been gleaned. The outcome has been evaluated by utilizing a vector autoregression. The output demonstrated that no positive interdependence was exhibited by the correlation betwixt MCX Comdex returns and CNX Nifty. Consequently, a higher percentage of the mean value was attained by the commodity of daily returns of metal of commodity of agriculture.
Graph Theory and Algorithms for Network Analysis
Authors: Arul Sharmila Mary , Senthil Gowri , Jayasudha S. , Alkhayyat Ahmed , Azam Khalikov , Elangovan R.
Published: July 2023

In network analysis, the study and comprehension of complex systems in numerous fields, such as social networks, transportation networks, and biological networks, are made possible by the crucial role played by graph theory and algorithms. In order to give a comprehensive review of the graph theory and network analysis methods, this abstract will focus on their significance, practical uses, and most recent developments. With items represented as nodes or vertices and links between them as edges, graph theory offers a mathematical framework for modeling and evaluating relationships between objects. Researchers may learn important things about the structure, connectivity, and behavior of complex systems by using graph theory in network analysis. As a result, network analysis is made possible by the graph theory and algorithms, which offer strong tools for studying and comprehending the complicated linkages and structures of complex systems. Graph theory and algorithms have many different applications, including social networks, transportation networks, and biological networks. Large-scale network analysis is now possible thanks to the development of effective algorithms and methodologies, which has significantly advanced the subject. The significance of graph theory and algorithms for network research will only rise as networks continue to expand in size and complexity.
Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract from Derris scandens against human pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Sri Chaithanya B. , Seedevi P.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of an ethanolic extract of Derris scandens against clinically isolated human pathogenic bacteria. Materials and methods: The ethanolic extract was assessed for antibacterial activity against ten human pathogenic bacteria at different concentrations (25 - 100 μg/ml) through the agar well diffusion method. Group 1 (25μg/ml), Group 2 (50μg/ml), Group 3 (75μg/ml) Group 4 (100μg/ml), Group 5 (positive control), and Group 6 (negative control) and calculated the zone of inhibition. Results and discussion: The ethanolic extract showed antibacterial activity against 8 clinical bacterial strains of the 10 pathogens tested. The highest concentration (100μg/ml) of the ethanolic extract showed a maximum of 20 and 22mm inhibition zone against E. coli and S. typhi. The mean values were 0.130, 0.141, 0.117, 0.194, and 0.120 The sample size was calculated with a pretest G power of 80%. The sample size per group is 6, and the total sample size is 60. Conclusion: The effective bacterial inhibition rate of Derris scandens might provide a promising beneficial agent against bacterial infection and help to develop future infectious disease drugs.
Does it matter how I stream? Comparative analysis of livestreaming marketing formats on Amazon Live
Authors: Asante Isaac Owusu , Jiang Yushi , Luo Xiao
Published: July 2023

Livestreaming commerce has become a shopping option following the outbreak of COVID-19, and many sellers have adopted livestreaming marketing to increase their sales and market share. Although livestreaming marketing offers many opportunities, sellers face the challenge of identifying an effective product demonstration format to attract more viewers and increase engagement behaviors during livestreaming sessions. Based on social capital and signaling theories, this study evaluates the relationships among social capital acquisition, social endorsement, and consumer engagement constructs across three different livestreaming marketing product demonstration formats. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) multivariate analysis shows that social capital acquisition and endorsement positively affect consumer engagement across all livestreaming formats. A cross-case assessment based on Henseler’s bootstrap-based multigroup analysis reveals that although the preference for the interview livestreaming marketing format is lower, it is more efficient in attracting consumer engagement than the tutorial and behind-the-scenes livestreaming marketing formats. This study is thus the first in the scientific literature to examine consumer engagement’s antecedents across different livestreaming marketing formats.
Implementation of an in-reach rehabilitation program can increase the rate of discharge home from acute hospital care
Authors: Wu Jane , Shiner Christine T. , Faux Steven G. , Watanabe Yuriko
Published: July 2023

Objective This study describes how a model of early rehabilitation (‘in-reach rehabilitation’) can be integrated into acute care provision for hospitalised patients with high rehabilitation needs. This pragmatic evaluation aimed to assess service impact on home discharge rates from acute care. Methods An integrated early rehabilitation service was implemented at a tertiary teaching hospital in Sydney, Australia. Eligible patients were screened, placed on a waitlist, and treated in order of debility (six to eight patients concurrently). Routine data were collected and compared between those who received an in-reach rehabilitation program, and controls who remained on waitlist. Results From December 2021 to September 2022, 229 patients were identified as suitable for in-reach rehabilitation; of whom 100 received an in-reach program and the remaining 129 were waitlist controls. Patients who received in-reach rehabilitation achieved a significantly higher rate of discharge home from acute care compared to waitlist controls (46.0% vs 24.0%, P = 0.002) and lower rates of transfer to subacute inpatient rehabilitation (43.0% vs 62.0%). This was despite in-reach patients having high functional care needs (60% needed assistance from ≥two people to mobilise) and complex medical needs (median hospital length of stay 44.5 days, IQR 27.8–66.0). Conclusions It is feasible to deliver in-reach rehabilitation to hospitalised patients with heterogeneous diagnoses who have high rehabilitation needs. The rate of discharge home directly from acute wards is higher among those patients who received early in-reach rehabilitation compared to those on a waitlist.
Shielding Analysis of a Preclinical Bremsstrahlung X-ray FLASH Radiotherapy System within a Clinical Radiation Therapy Vault
Authors: Rosenstrom Andrew , Santana-Leitner Mario , Rokni Sayed , Shumail Muhammad , Tantawi Sami , Kwofie John , Dewji Shaheen , Loo Billy W.
Published: July 2023

A preclinical radiotherapy system producing FLASH dose rates with 12 MV bremsstrahlung x rays is being developed at Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. Because of the high expected workload of 6,800 Gy w−1 at the isocenter, an efficient shielding methodology is needed to protect operators and the public while the preclinical system is operated in a radiation therapy vault designed for 6 MV x rays. In this study, an analysis is performed to assess the shielding of the local treatment head and radiation vault using the Monte Carlo code FLUKA and the empirical methodology given in the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements Report 151. Two different treatment head shielding designs were created to compare single-layer and multilayer shielding methodologies using high-Z and low-Z materials. The multilayered shielding methodology produced designs with a 17% reduction in neutron fluence leaking from the treatment head compared to the single layered design of the same size, resulting in a decreased effective dose to operators and the public. The conservative assumptions used in the empirical methods can lead to over-shielding when treatment heads use polyethylene or multilayered shielding. High-Z/Low-Z multilayered shielding optimized via Monte Carlo is shown to be effective in the case of treatment head shielding and provide more effective shielding design for external beam radiotherapy systems that use 12 MV bremsstrahlung photons. Modifications to empirical methods used in the assessment of MV radiotherapy systems may be warranted to capture the effects of polyethylene in treatment head shielding.
Digital Nursing Quality Management: A Concept Analysis
Authors: Han Lin , Bai Xinrui , Zhang Hongyan , An Ning
Published: July 2023

Background

The rapid advancements in digital technology and its increasing integration into healthcare create an opportunity to leverage these innovations for enhancing nursing quality management.

Objective

This paper aims to report the results of a concept analysis of digital nursing quality management.

Methods

Rodgers’ Evolutionary Method of concept analysis was used to examine the attributes, antecedents, consequences, and related concepts of digital nursing quality management.

Results

Digital Nursing Quality Management is a strategic management approach that systematically utilizes evolving digital technology to pursue optimal nursing quality, guided by the timeless principle of humanistic care. The defining attributes are human-machine collaborativeness, interactive empowerment, and digital ecosystem.

Conclusions

Digital nursing quality management is not a mere amalgamation of separate components but a dynamic ecosystem shaped by individual, organizational, and technological factors.
Exploring the role of attention towards balance in chronic dizziness: Development of the Balance Vigilance Questionnaire (Balance-VQ)
Authors: Ellmers Toby J , Kal Elmar C
Published: July 2023

Background and Objectives

Vigilance towards balance has been proposed to underpin various chronic dizziness disorders, including Persistent Postural Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD). The objective of this study is to develop (through patient input) a validated balance-specific measure of vigilance that comprehensively assesses the varied ways in which this construct may manifest.

Methods

We developed the Balance Vigilance Questionnaire (Balance-VQ) through patient and clinician feedback, designed to assess vigilance towards balance. We then validated the questionnaire in 497 participants consisting of patients diagnosed with chronic dizziness disorders (including 97 individuals diagnosed with PPPD) and healthy controls.

Results

The final 6-item Balance-VQ was shown to be a valid and reliable way to assess vigilance towards balance. Scores were significantly higher in individuals diagnosed with PPPD compared to controls. Although scores were also higher in the PPPD group compared to individuals with diagnosed vestibular disorders other than PPPD, Balance-VQ scores did not discriminate between the two groups when confounding factors were controlled for.

Conclusions

Our findings confirm that the Balance-VQ is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing vigilance towards balance. As symptom vigilance has been identified as a key risk factor for developing chronic dizziness following an acute neuro-otological insult, we recommend using the Balance-VQ as a screening tool in people presenting with such symptoms.

Key Messages

- Vigilance towards balance has been proposed to underpin the development and maintenance of chronic dizziness disorders, such as Persistent Postural Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD).

- Clinically assessing balance vigilance is difficult, as no validated assessment method exists.

- Through feedback from patients and clinicians, we developed a new scale capable of assessing this construct: The Balance Vigilance Questionnaire (Balance-VQ).

- Our findings confirm that the Balance-VQ is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing vigilance towards balance.

- We recommend using the Balance-VQ as a screening tool in people at risk of developing, or currently presenting with, chronic dizziness.
Meesho: mission possible?
Authors: Arora Sunny Vijay , Krishna Malay , Dhir Vidyut Lata
Published: July 2023

Learning outcomes

This case can be used to teach students how to analyze innovative business models, as well as to trace their reasons for success and failure. The following objectives also align with categories in Bloom’s taxonomy (Forehand, 2010), consistent with the keywords underlined. More specifically, this case will enable students to learn the following: First, to analyze the distinctive features of a social commerce business model, and how these differ from a traditional e-commerce model. This objective maps to Discussion Question No. 1. This objective helps students to understand the value proposition of an unfamiliar business model (social commerce platform) and compare it with that of a familiar business model (e-commerce platform). Second, racing the causes for success and failure of a venture, using frameworks from entrepreneurship and strategy. This relates to Discussion Question No. 2. This objective helps students analyze strategic decisions of an entrepreneur in light of available resource constraints and by applying appropriate conceptual frameworks. Third, developing recommendations to help a new venture sustain its business model in the face of severe challenges. Discussion Question No. 3 covers this objective. This objective enables students to debate possible paths that the startup could take. The discussion on possible paths naturally causes students to create sustainable or viable options.

Case overview/synopsis

The case describes the challenge facing Vidit Aatrey, the founder and chief executive of Meesho, a social commerce venture headquartered in Bangalore, India, in October of 2022. While Meesho recorded the second-highest sales (by order volume) during India’s festive season, it also recorded layoffs and business closures. While Meesho’s core business of getting resellers to sell through its online platform seemed to be working, its new business ventures, such as expanding into the grocery business and into Indonesia, had failed and resulted in more than 300 layoffs. Meesho was also pressed for funding: valued at US$4.9bn, the global market for venture capital funding had chilled and now demanded profitability, not growth-at-all-costs. Meesho’s cash burn rate was about $40m per month, and Aatrey was hard pressed to come up with options for profitable growth.

Complexity academic level

This case is intended for students of management at a master’s level in a course on entrepreneurship. At the authors’ institute, this case is used with MBA students in an elective course on entrepreneurship and also in an elective course in general management.

Supplementary materials

Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code

CCS 3: Entrepreneurship
Virtual mobility in higher education in Brazil: factors of influence on satisfaction and continuity
Authors: Queiroz Fernanda Cristina Barbosa Pereira , Silva Christian Luiz da , Lima Nilton Cesar , Thomaz Solange Marlene , Queiroz Jamerson Viegas
Published: July 2023

Purpose

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and social distancing, the Virtual Mobility Program (Promover) implemented in 2021 in Brazil aimed to allow students enrolled in Brazilian federal universities to take curricular components at other institutions of the system remotely. The main objective of this research was to identify the most important factors, in students' perception, that affected their satisfaction with virtual mobility (VM) and the factors that drive the intention to continue mobility.

Design/methodology/approach

Data collection was performed through 433 questionnaires answered online. R software was used for descriptive analysis and SmartPLS to examine the relationship between independent and dependent variables through Structural Equation Modeling.

Findings

A positive relationship was verified between the constructs, and the hypothesized relations were confirmed at statistically significant level, revealing the students' satisfaction with VM and their intention to continue exploring this online learning option through Promover. The results showed that the motivations for VM are linked to the pursuit of knowledge and more opportunities for training and work. Plus, the use of VM proved to be a motivator for student engagement and e-learning effectiveness.

Originality/value

The findings can be useful as they highlight the opportunity to expand VM programs for students, even after the return to on-campus academic activities.
PSR_ti model, an adapted pressure-state-response (PSR) framework for measuring tourism impacts: the case of Madrid
Authors: Gómez-Bruna Diana , Martín-Duque Clara , Alzua-Sorzabal Aurkene , Ruiz-Rua Aurora
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Assessing the impacts generated by tourism has become an essential element for the industry’s sustainability. The increasing intensity of the impacts and the need to evaluate them from a resident’s perspective calls for new approaches to assist tourism management. This paper aims to advance from the pressure-state-response framework (PSR) to measure the tourism impacts in urban destinations with a holistic model called PSR-ti.

Design/methodology/approach

A multiple linear regression method was adopted to apply the PSR-ti model in the city of Madrid, estimating the relationship between the pressure (objective) and state (subjective) variables. Local statistical yearbook data was used to construct the pressure variables. Regarding the state variables, a survey was designed to assess residents’ perceptions of tourism. A total of 652 responses were obtained.

Findings

The results obtained from the study of pressure indicators unveil that these indicators can support decision-making processes as an underused management tool. This work represents a step forward in considering the transversality of tourism concerning urban planning, the development of equipment and infrastructures or activities such as commerce and culture for the analysis of the state indicators; the results obtained determine the need to periodically evaluate the perception of residents on the impacts of tourism, given its crucial role in the sustainability of the destination.

Originality/value

The PSR-ti model offers a holistic vision, including objective and subjective indicators in the model, which enhances the appraisal of the impacts of tourism by identifying pressure and state factors as a starting point for possible responses by the decision makers of the tourist destination.
Imaginaries about intangible cultural heritage and tourism in Mexican Bajio cities
Authors: Sánchez-Aguirre Driselda P. , Alvarado-Sizzo Ilia
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to compare the imaginaries of Generation Z inhabitants of heritage cities in the Mexican Bajio regarding their city of residence and the institutional imaginary of urban tourism.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 186 students from five Mexican heritage cities completed an online questionnaire and participated in focus groups. The authors used a mixed approach with qualitative analysis for open-ended responses and a Kruskal Wallis test to measure attitudes towards tourism and its relationship to place attachment and intangible cultural heritage identification.

Findings

The results showed a strong relationship between place attachment and perception of tourism, but attitudes towards tourism varied among the cities, and San Juan del Río was an outlier. Among the categories of intangible cultural heritage, oral traditions showed the least agreement between youth and institutional imaginaries.

Originality/value

Few studies have considered Mexican youth and their imagery of the small/medium-sized city in which they live when it is promoted as an urban tourist destination.
Measuring visitor flows using mobile positioning data in three Hungarian second-tier cities
Authors: Kovács Zoltán , Smith Melanie , Teleubay Zhanassyl , Kovalcsik Tamás
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The research analyses the spatial-temporal behaviour of international visitors using mobile positioning data (MPD) in three second-tier cities in Hungary: Szeged, Debrecen and Pécs. The purpose of this study is to identify the origins of visitors, length of stay, seasonal concentrations and mobility between cities.

Design/methodology/approach

A large volume of data generated by foreign mobile phone users was processed and analysed for six consecutive months in 2018. The movements of around 3.5 million foreigners visiting Hungary were captured.

Findings

The data showed significant differences in tourist turnover, mobility patterns and flows indicating different levels of tourism activity and potential in the three cities. This included day trips, cross-border tourism, seasonal fluctuations and activity-driven demand (e.g. special events and cultural tourism).

Research limitations/implications

MPD cannot fully explain or predict drivers of visitor behaviour, such as purpose of visit, the precise activities that they undertake there and the experiences that they gain. It can, however, provide information on spatial and temporal flows, patterns and concentrations of visitors.

Practical implications

The investigated cities should follow distinct tourism development policies to attract more tourists and strengthen the links with their neighbouring destinations at the same time as differentiating themselves through marketing as competitive alternative destinations.

Social implications

Augmenting tourism has socio-economic implications for residents and communities. The development of cultural tourism and local event-based tourism must incorporate community needs.

Originality/value

The paper analyses the extent to which MPD can provide insights into visitors’ spatio-temporal mobility and flows in relatively under-visited second-tier cities and it highlights opportunities and gaps for big data research in an urban context.
Rethinking ‘Crowding Out’ and the Return of ‘Private Affluence and Public Squalor’
Authors: Lansley Stewart
Published: July 2023

This article traces the history of ‘crowding out’, and its use as a justification for austerity and state deflation from its origins in the 1920s to its latest post‐2010 incarnation. It examines why governments have kept turning to austerity and continue to justify it on the grounds that public sector activity crowds out more productive private activity, despite the accumulated evidence that this traditional pro‐market formulation has failed to deliver its stated goals. It examines three other embedded forms of crowding out that have been highly damaging—leading to weakened social resilience and more fragile economies—but which have been ignored by both governments and mainstream political economists.
Factors associated with survival in paediatric and adolescent renal cell carcinoma: a population‐based study
Authors: Zhao Lingling , Liu Wenyuan , Chu Likai , Luo Laiyue
Published: July 2023

Background

The purpose of this study was to conduct a population‐based study to determine the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in children and adolescents.

Methods

Patients with RCC who were registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program between 2000 and 2018 had their demographic and clinical characteristics evaluated retrospectively. The log‐rank test was used to compare survival curves. Kaplan–Meier estimates were used to generate survival curves based on various factors. To identify factors associated with overall survival, Cox proportional‐hazards regression was used.

Results

A total of 251 patients were enrolled in the study. For all patients, the overall survival (OS) rates at 3‐ and 5‐ year were 93.5% and 92.0%, respectively. A multivariable study revealed that the following factors were independently associated with overall survival: sex, race, histologic type, SEER stage, AJCC stage, and type of surgery. Cox analysis showed that white patients had the lowest risk of mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 2.58, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.33–4.99; P = 0.005), compared with black patients. Patients having metastatic disease had significantly higher mortality risk (HR 43, 95% CI, 14.8–125; P < 0.001) than the patients with localized tumour.

Conclusions

Our study emphasizes the importance of race, SEER stage, and surgery in the prognosis of paediatric RCC, providing valuable epidemiological evidence for clinical practice. Economic studies assessing a race/ethnic group specific strategy are also required.
Gusts of revulsion: Édouard Verreaux's imperial tableaux at the Exposition Universelle of 1867
Authors: Hornstein Katie
Published: July 2023

Unlike the vast majority of large‐scale showpieces exhibited at nineteenth‐century universal exhibitions, Édouard Verreaux's taxidermy group, Lion Attacking a Dromedary, has defied the odds and has survived well past its initial public display in the Tunisian section of the 1867 Exposition Universelle in Paris. In the context of its original ethnographic display in a space dedicated to the promotion of French colonialism, Verreaux's ambitious taxidermy tableau would have been understood as a representation of authentic life in Tunisia. This illusion of authenticity issued from the object's expert mimicking of the period's artistic conventions for depicting the relationship between people and animals in North Africa by artists such as Horace Vernet, Eugène Delacroix, Antoine‐Louis Barye, and others. Instead of paint or plaster, Verreaux's composition took the form of an uncanny assemblage of body parts taken from a camel, two lions, and an anonymous human: in so doing, Verreaux used the tragic material of living beings to create a literal interpretation of the aesthetic tropes of French orientalism; with this world's fair showpiece, he thus violently bridged the theoretical and material divide between art and life. In this essay, I take these conjunctions between the “real” and the imaginary as a point of departure for discussing the feigned credulity of Lion Attacking a Dromedary. I contend that Verreaux's Lion Attacking a Dromedary should be considered as an imperial tableau, that is, as a didactic object that participated in training nineteenth‐century viewers to be what the historian Ariella Azoulay has called “imperial citizens” by drawing equivalences between nature and culture, and between representation and reality.
Challenges and solutions for therapeuticTCR‐based agents
Authors: Malviya Manish , Aretz Zita E. H. , Molvi Zaki , Lee Jayop , Pierre Stephanie , Wallisch Patrick , Dao Tao , Scheinberg David A.
Published: July 2023

Recent development of methods to discover and engineer therapeutic T‐cell receptors (TCRs) or antibody mimics of TCRs, and to understand their immunology and pharmacology, lag two decades behind therapeutic antibodies. Yet we have every expectation that TCR‐based agents will be similarly important contributors to the treatment of a variety of medical conditions, especially cancers. TCR engineered cells, soluble TCRs and their derivatives, TCR‐mimic antibodies, and TCR‐based CAR T cells promise the possibility of highly specific drugs that can expand the scope of immunologic agents to recognize intracellular targets, including mutated proteins and undruggable transcription factors, not accessible by traditional antibodies. Hurdles exist regarding discovery, specificity, pharmacokinetics, and best modality of use that will need to be overcome before the full potential of TCR‐based agents is achieved. HLA restriction may limit each agent to patient subpopulations and off‐target reactivities remain important barriers to widespread development and use of these new agents. In this review we discuss the unique opportunities for these new classes of drugs, describe their unique antigenic targets, compare them to traditional antibody therapeutics and CAR T cells, and review the various obstacles that must be overcome before full application of these drugs can be realized.
Struggling with unnecessary suffering—Registered nurses' experiences of delayed decisions on treatment without consent in forensic psychiatric inpatient care
Authors: Antonsson Helena , Dahliavy Liv , Mouline Hassan , Molin Jenny
Published: July 2023

Chemical restraints are used in forensic psychiatric inpatient care, however with caution as it can feel like an assault against patients' integrity. When waiting for decisions on treatment without consent, nursing staff are expected to care for patients with severe mental ill‐health without the use of medical treatment, often with a feeling of already having tried all other available means. Knowledge about how registered nurses experience such situations is sparse but could contribute to the development of both teamwork and nursing approaches that could mean reduced suffering for patients. The aim of this study was to describe registered nurses' experiences of delayed decisions on treatment without consent in forensic psychiatric inpatient care. Eleven semi‐structured interviews were conducted with registered nurses working in forensic psychiatric units in Sweden. Data were analysed through qualitative content analysis. The result showed that experiences of treatment without consent were about striving to protect patients from harm, striving for collaboration during difficult circumstances and striving to do good. This was interpreted as a struggle with unnecessary suffering. For registered nurses to be able to handle such challenging situations and relieve suffering for patients, experience and master‐level education in mental health nursing are highlighted. Another aspect that is highlighted is the importance of having consultants familiar with the circumstances at the unit. A method for joint reflection is suggested, to promote an open‐minded work culture with a well‐functioning decision‐making process and ensure that both consultants and nursing staff have support.
Design for Narrative Change. A Pedagogical Model for Interactive Digital Narratives
Authors: Mariani Ilaria , Ciancia Mariana
Published: July 2023

Narratives mirror shared interpretations of the world. Still, dominant narratives prevail, pushing non‐hegemonic narratives in the corner. A change in the creation, interaction and distribution of narratives can support the design of counter‐narratives able to feed social change. Interactive Digital Narrative (IDN) can be considered an emerging experimental context in which designers, researchers and practitioners from various domains operate to develop story‐based content addressing relevant social or societal issues. The IDN social constructivist role in encouraging or influencing individuals and collectivities towards social change is a relevant design issue especially from an educational perspective. Specifically, it features methodologies and praxis not yet systematised, in need of exploration and formalisation. Recognising the contribution of an approach combining transdisciplinary methods and tools, the article presents a pedagogical model for designing IDNs as complex interactive systems able to impact culture and society based on empirical study from a design course in the higher education context. Composed of theoretical and operational frameworks, the pedagogical model orients the multilayered design process for building engaging, interactive narrative artefacts systematising and operationalising knowledge from the domains of Communication for Social Change, storytelling and IDN in an iterative design process.
Association between atopic dermatitis and school readiness in preschool children
Authors: Lee Eun , Kim Ju Hee , Cha Hye Ryeong , Ha Eun Kyo , Shin Jeewon , Lee Won Seok , Lee Seung Won , Han Man Yong
Published: July 2023

Background

Although atopic dermatitis (AD) in children affects diverse stages of life, no studies have reported on the association between school readiness and AD.

Methods

This study used Korean National Health Insurance data and the Health Screening Program for Infants and Children. Among all children born between 2008 and 2012 in Korea, those who were assessed for school readiness through questionnaires in a health screening program performed at 54 and 60 months old were enrolled. AD was defined based on the International Classification of Diseases codes, with two or more prescriptions of topical corticosteroids during the first 54–60 months of life. The primary outcome was the association between school readiness and AD. The questionnaire relating to school readiness comprised six items – cognitive skills, social development, activeness, concentration, emotional development, and language skills. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the associations between school readiness and AD.

Results

This study included 239,673 children without AD and 38,229 children with AD. The average age at which school readiness was assessed was 4.8 years. AD was associated with vulnerability in activeness (adjusted odds ratio: 1.127; 95% confidence interval: 1.071–1.186) and concentrations (1.170; 1.093–1.254). The impact of AD on concentrations showed consistent results regardless of sex, exposure to systemic corticosteroids and antihistamines, and age at the diagnosis of AD.

Conclusions

Children with AD have vulnerability in school readiness in the aspects of activeness and concentration.
The effect of choice on memory: The role of theta oscillations
Authors: Cheng Si , Ding Zhuolei , Chen Chuansheng , Sun Wenxiang , Jiang Ting , Liu Xun , Zhang Mingxia
Published: July 2023

People value the opportunity to exercise control over the environment or make their own choices. Recent studies have revealed that simply having the opportunity to make choices can facilitate memory performance, suggesting an interaction between reward (due to choice making) and memory systems. However, little is known about the electrophysiological basis of choice‐related memory. In the current study, we used scalp electroencephalography combined with a choice encoding task to examine the role of theta oscillations (which have been widely connected to reward and memory processing) in choice‐related memory formation. The encoding task had two conditions. In the choice condition, participants were asked to choose between two occluded memoranda by themselves, whereas in the fixed condition, the decision was made by the computer. Behavioral results showed the choice effect, with better performance in the choice condition than the fixed condition on the recognition test given after a 24‐h delay. Increases in theta power during an early latency of encoding period predicted successful memory formation in the choice condition, but not in the fixed condition. Furthermore, decreases in theta power during a late latency predicted successful memory formation in both the fixed and the choice conditions. Finally, we observed increased theta power in the choice condition compared to the fixed condition during an early latency of encoding period and decreased theta power in the choice condition compared to the fixed condition during a late latency. Our results suggest that theta oscillations play a significant role in choice‐related memory formation.
Análisis de la eficiencia de la finalización de la secundaria en población maya desde el enfoque intercultural: caso Yucatán, México
Authors: Herrera Novelo María Teresa , Pinto Loría María de Lourdes , Castillo Rocha Carmen
Published: July 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar los factores que influyen en la finalización de la educación secundaria, en una escuela rural de Yucatán, México. Con base en el enfoque intercultural, se rastrean percepciones e ideas de los agentes que integran la comunidad de una escuela secundaria a la que asisten niños mayas. La metodología contempló la investigación etnográfica a lo largo de un ciclo escolar, acompañada de observación participante, entrevistas y cuestionarios. Los resultados permiten reconocer algunos problemas que afectan la finalización de la educación secundaria en población maya, como: la falta de interés de la familia y los alumnos, la necesidad de los jóvenes de apoyar la economía del hogar, la vida en pareja a temprana edad, la ausencia de circunstancias protectoras y el papel del docente. De acuerdo con lo anterior, la eficiencia en la finalización de estudios involucra factores económicos, motivacionales, familiares y propios del entorno escolar, asociados a cuestiones estructurales que han empobrecido y marginalizado progresivamente al pueblo maya.
Models of pre-registration student supervision in allied health: a scoping review
Authors: Pope Kirsty , Barclay Linda , Dixon Karen , Kent Fiona
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The aim of this scoping review was to identify, organise and synthesise existing evidence in relation to the supervision of allied health students on clinical placement.Methods: Five databases were searched for peer reviewed articles published from 2000 onwards. Data were extracted and analysed according to approaches to supervision, and student and/or educator outcomes for different models used. Each outcome was aligned to modified Kirkpatrick levels of evaluation.Results: 39 articles were reviewed. The terms models and approaches were poorly defined and used interchangeably in the clinical placement literature.  Studies varied in the methods employed and were typically of low to moderate methodological quality with a dominance of Kirkpatrick level 2a outcomes reported.Conclusions: This review has proposed a definition of supervision models to enable future research comparisons between models and to provide clarity to placement providers’ decision making. Overall evidence for reported outcomes is mixed and not strong enough to draw conclusions in favour of any one model. Approaches to supervision, not student ratio, may well be the catalyst for positive outcomes for all stakeholders and therefore should be the focus of future research.
Roles and perspectives of A- and I-type magmas in rare earth element and gold mineralization
Authors: Qiu Kun-Feng , Deng Jun , Li Shan-Shan , Jowitt Simon , Hetherington Callum J. , Balen Dražen
Published: July 2023

A- and I-type magmas are commonly associated with rare earth element (REE) and gold (Au) mineralization. However, the behavior and solubility of the REEs and gold within the A- and I-type magmas and their synchronous magmatism remain unclear. This study focused on the synchronous Early Cretaceous A- and I-type magmatism that formed alkaline and granodioritic complexes within the Luxi and Jiaobei terranes of the central-eastern North China Block, terranes that contain the third largest known REE deposit in China and the third largest gold province in the world. Our integrated whole-rock geochemical and Nd isotopic data and zircon Hf-O isotopic data provide new insights into the petrogenesis of these contemporaneous A- and I-type magmas and their role in the generation of the REE and gold mineralization in this area. The alkaline magmas that formed the intrusions in the Luxi terrane had A- and I-type affinities, were oxidized, were fluorine-, sulfur-, and copper-rich, were H2O-poor, and were generated by low-pressure partial melting of a source region containing enriched lithospheric mantle material and minor amounts of Paleoproterozoic A-type granitic crust. In comparison, the granodioritic magmas within the Jiaobei terrane had I-type affinities, were relatively reduced, were sulfur-rich, contained low concentrations of Cu, were hydrous, and were formed by high-pressure partial melting of a source region containing enriched mantle material and large volumes of Archean to Paleoproterozoic crustal material. The A- and I-type magmas within the Luxi terrane also have higher high field strength element (HFSE; e.g., Th, Nb, Ta) and total light rare earth element (ΣLREE) concentrations as well as higher ΣLREE/total heavy rare earth element (ΣHREE) ratios than the I-type magmas enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs; e.g., Ba, Sr) in the Jiaobei terrane. These characteristics suggest that the diversity of REE and gold mineralization was the result of interaction between the lithospheric mantle and hybrid sediment-derived melts and aqueous fluids under rutile-bearing eclogite-facies (>2.0 GPa) conditions within the Luxi terrane and with aqueous fluids under amphibolite- to eclogite-facies (>1.5 GPa) conditions within the Jiaobei terrane. Our study strongly suggests that the interaction between the lithospheric mantle and sediment-derived melts, the presence of coexisting REE- and fluorine-rich magmas, and low-pressure partial melting were all crucial factors in the formation of A-type intrusion-related REE deposits, whereas high-pressure partial melting and contemporaneous sulfur and chalcophile element enrichment were critical processes in the formation of I-type intrusions prospective for gold mineralization.
Calculations of the Binding-Energy Differences for Highly-Charged Ho and Dy Ions
Authors: Savelyev I. M. , Kaygorodov M. Y. , Kozhedub Y. S. , Tupitsyn I. I. , Shabaev V. M.
Published: July 2023

The binding-energy differences for $$^{{163}}{\text{H}}{{{\text{o}}}^{{q + }}}$$ and $$^{{163}}{\text{D}}{{{\text{y}}}^{{q + }}}$$ ions with ionization degrees $$q = 38$$, 39, and 40 are calculated. The calculations are performed using the large-scale relativistic configuration-interaction and relativistic coupled-clusters methods. The contributions from quantum-electrodynamics, nuclear-recoil, and frequency-dependent Breit-interaction effects are taken into account. The final uncertainty does not exceed 1 eV. Combining the obtained results with the binding-energy difference for neutral atoms calculated in [I.M. Savelyev, M.Y. Kaygorodov, Y.S. Kozhedub, I.I. Tupitsyn, and V.M. Shabaev, Phys. Rev. A 105, 012806 (2022)], we get the secondary differences of the ion–atom binding energies. These values can be used to evaluate the amount of energy released in the electron capture process in $$^{{163}}{\text{Ho}}$$ atom (the Q value), provided mass differences of highly charged ions $$^{{163}}{\text{H}}{{{\text{o}}}^{{q + }}}$$ and $$^{{163}}{\text{D}}{{{\text{y}}}^{{q + }}}$$ is known from experiment. The Q value is required by experiments on the determination of the absolute scale of the electron neutrino mass by studying the beta-decay process.
First-principles study of the electronic and optical properties of Be atoms adsorbed stanene
Authors: Zhao Jingwei , Liu Guili , Jiao Gan , Zhang Guoying
Published: July 2023

Two-dimensional stanene is limited in its application in nanoscale optoelectronic devices due to its zero-bandgap. Based on first-principles calculations of density functional theory, the effects of adsorption of Be atoms with different coverages and torsional deformation on the structure, electricity, and optics of stanene are systematically investigated. The adsorption of Be atoms makes stanene have an adjustable bandgap, the surface state is successfully transformed from a zero-bandgap quasi-metal to a semiconductor with a maximum bandgap of 0.260 eV, the change in Be atom coverage causes a blueshift of the absorption and reflection peaks. Torsional deformation can effectively adjust the bandgap of stanene, which varies from 0.278 eV to 0.110 eV. Torsion enhances the maximum absorption peak of light. Stanene is expected to be a candidate material for designing new nanoelectronic devices.
High-Energy to Ultrahigh-Energy Neutrino Interactions
Authors: Reno Mary Hall
Published: July 2023

The cross sections for neutrino interactions with nucleons have been measured directly in accelerator experiments and through the zenith-angle and energy dependence of neutrino events at the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Fluxes of high-energy neutrinos are produced at the Large Hadron Collider and by cosmic rays in the atmosphere. High-energy neutrinos also come from astrophysical and cosmic sources. The theory of neutrino interactions is reviewed. Current cross-section measurements and prospects for the future are discussed. The focus here is on neutrino interactions for energies larger than 1 TeV.
Releituras feministas do complexo de Édipo: entre o modelo pré-edípico de Whitebook e a subversão edípica de Butler
Authors: Costa Virginia Ferreira da
Published: July 2023

Dentre as releituras de Freud, Jessica Benjamin e Whitebook voltam-se ao domínio materno pré-edípico como salvaguarda de uma psicanálise feminista. Mas tal interpretação não mostra ser suficientemente crítica, pois transfere a preponderância do pai para a mãe, desconsiderando teorias não-binárias cujas fontes psicanalíticas se encontrariam em outras leituras não-oficiais de Freud. Tais seriam as visões de Loewald, Chodorow e Butler, que se concentram na complementaridade entre os desenvolvimentos pré-edípico e edípico ou na subversão interna do complexo de Édipo. Desse debate culminam dois modelos críticos contemporâneos baseados em perspectivas de gênero: binário materno x não-binário.
Molecular epidemiology and transmission dynamics of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis strains using whole genome sequencing in the Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Shibabaw Agumas , Gelaw Baye , Ghanem Mostafa , Legall Noah , Schooley Angie M. , Soehnlen Marty K. , Salvador Liliana C.M. , Gebreyes Wondwossen , Wang Shu-Hua , Tessema Belay
Published: July 2023

Background

Drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis prevention and care is a major challenge in Ethiopia. The World health organization has designated Ethiopia as one of the 30 high burden multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) countries. There is limited information regarding genetic diversity and transmission dynamics of MDR-TB in Ethiopia.

Objective

To investigate the molecular epidemiology and transmission dynamics of MDR-TB strains using whole genome sequence (WGS) in the Amhara region.

Methods

Forty-five MDR-TB clinical isolates from Amhara region were collected between 2016 and 2018, and characterized using WGS and 24-loci Mycobacterium Interspersed Repetitive Units Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (MIRU-VNTR) typing. Clusters were defined based on the maximum distance of 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or alleles as the upper threshold of genomic relatedness. Five or less SNPs or alleles distance or identical 24-loci VNTR typing is denoted as surrogate marker for recent transmission.

Results

Forty-one of the 45 isolates were analyzed by WGS and 44% (18/41) of the isolates were distributed into 4 clusters. Of the 41 MDR-TB isolates, 58.5% were classified as lineage 4, 36.5% lineage 3 and 5% lineage 1. Overall, TUR genotype (54%) was the predominant in MDR-TB strains. 41% (17/41) of the isolates were clustered into four WGS groups and the remaining isolates were unique strains. The predominant cluster (Cluster 1) was composed of nine isolates belonging to lineage 4 and of these, four isolates were in the recent transmission links.

Conclusions

Majority of MDR-TB strain cluster and predominance of TUR lineage in the Amhara region give rise to concerns for possible ongoing transmission. Efforts to strengthen TB laboratory to advance diagnosis, intensified active case finding, and expanded contact tracing activities are needed in order to improve rapid diagnosis and initiate early treatment. This would lead to the interruption of the transmission chain and stop the spread of MDR-TB in the Amhara region.