bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smoking, Physical Activity, and Hypertension Incidence Among Older Adults in Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Faiqoh Maimanah Zumaro Ummi , Laksnadi Ardiar Rahmananda , Hartawan Safira Shafa Rachmah , Abidanovanty Felisita Maritza , Qoth'i Ikhsanuddin , Susetiyo Karindra Amadea , Angeli Anastasia Pearl , Handayani Samsriyaningsih , Widodo Heri Sugeng
Published: November 2023

Hypertension is a crucial health concern that requires attention, and it can be influenced by factors such as smoking and physical activity. According to a study conducted at Lawang Health Center, Malang, Indonesia, in 2020, 13.5% of the population in RW 05, Bedali Village, Malang, suffered from hypertension. It was one of the top three prevalent diseases in the village, especially among individuals aged over 69 years. The objective of this research was to examine the relationship between smoking, physical activity, and the occurrence of hypertension among older adults in RW 05, Bedali Village, Lawang, Malang. The study employed a case-control analytic observational method, involving 25 cases and 25 controls within the older adult age group (>45 years). The participants consisted of 50 individuals, including 23 men and 27 women. Among the respondents, 23 were smokers, while 27 were non-smokers. Additionally, 25 respondents engaged in light physical activity, whereas 25 respondents had moderate to vigorous physical activity levels. The analysis indicated a significant correlation between smoking, physical activity, and the prevalence of hypertension among older adults in RW 05, Bedali Village, Lawang, Malang, with a p-value of 0.005 for each factor.
Profile of Syphilis Risk Factors in The Productive Age Group at Dermatology and Venereology Clinic RSUD DR. Saiful Anwar, Malang Indonesia
Authors: Rona Lintang Harini  , Setyowatie Lita
Published: November 2023

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that has the potential to cause serious complications and is closely related to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, thus making syphilis a major public health problem. Understanding the characteristics of risk factors could be used to prevent future transmission and occurrences of syphilis. This study aimed to determine the demographic data and risk factors of syphilis in productive age at the Dermatology and Venereology Clinic, RSUD. DR. Saiful Anwar, Malang, Indonesia. This study used a descriptive approach using secondary data from the medical records of syphilis patients from January to December 2021. Sample collection was carried out using a total sampling technique. Twenty medical records that met the inclusion criteria were included, all of which belonged to the productive age group. The majority of the sample were male (70%), aged 17-25 years (45%) and 26-35 years (45%), had a high school education (55%), were private sector workers (40%), were unmarried (70%), had anogenital sexual activity (50%), never used condoms (50%), had more than one sexual partner (85%), were in the primary stage of syphilis (35%), and were HIV positive. Among male patients with syphilis-HIV coinfection, 80% of cases were homosexual. The risk factors for syphilis at a productive age include anogenital intercourse, irregular condom use, multiple sexual partners, the primary stage of syphilis, HIV infection, and homosexuality. A program focused on detecting and treating syphilis among people living with HIV/AIDS, especially those in high-risk populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM), is needed.
The Policy of the People's Republic of China on the Construction of the Military Component of the Strategic Deterrence System in 2020s
Authors: Kashin V.
Published: November 2023

Based on Chinese documents and publications, the article examines the evolution of Chinese approaches to the topic of strategic deterrence from the late 2010s to the present. The main changes in Chinese documents on the relevant topic are considered, as well as the possible consequences of these changes for the quantitative and qualitative composition of the Chinese strategic deterrence forces. To date, the PRC is building a new strategic deterrence system that includes nuclear and non-nuclear components and is aimed not only at protecting the PRC from the threat of a nuclear attack, but also at preventing US interference in conflicts involving China in the Asia-Pacific region, including around Taiwan. The creation of a new system of strategic deterrence of the People’s Republic of China is likely to be completed by 2027. Its emergence will have global strategic consequences, leading to a significant increase in tension for the US armed forces.
Use of E-Technology in Organic Supply Chain: Enhancing the Growth of Organic Business
Authors: Chowdhury Md Hasan Maksud , Habib Md. Mamun , Sidin Samsinar Md.
Published: November 2023

World agricultural sector has seen shifting significantly by suitably using e- technology. A good number of studies have been conducted on agriculture and food security. The growth rate of world organic farming or business increases to more than the growth rate of traditional agriculture. In Bangladesh the pace of growth of organic agriculture is insignificant. The organic agriculture or organic supply chain in Bangladesh was scarcely studied. Hence, an intensive study is needed for the organic agriculture industry to pursue the organic supply chain that leads to a promising growth of organic business. A great deal of research has been conducted to explore the factors that may influence the organic supply chain and growth of the organic business. This study aims to explore the influence of e-technology and the dynamics of the actors on the organic supply chain enhancing the growth of the organic business. By collecting data (primary data) using self-administrated questionnaires the research work was evaluated. A total of 389 responses from the organic agriculture industrial actors, consumers, and transporters were collected using stratified random sampling methods. To inspect and analyze data, Path Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques were used with AMOS. The research objectives of this study were accomplished and research hypotheses were supported. The results of the study indicated that the proposed model provided a good understanding of the factors influencing the organic supply chain. From the result, it was revealed that e-technology and dynamics of the actors of the organic supply chain influences the growth of organic business. This study theoretically offers useful information and collected data might help to further research relevant to the organic supply chain and the impact of factors and e-technology of the organic supply chain from various aspects.
TRANSISI KAUM MUDA MARGINAL DAN REPRODUKSI KELAS SOSIAL
Authors: Sutopo Oki Rahadianto
Published: November 2023

This article examines school to work transition among marginalized youth in Central Java, Indonesia in the contemporary neoliberal era. We apply Bourdieusian approach as a tool of analysis to cover both material-objective and cultural-subjective dimensions of social class in the phenomenon of youth transition. This research applies qualitative method and data was collected via in-depth interviews, observations and Focus Group Discussions in 2018. This article shows how class as an existing condition of inequality manifested in unequally distributed economic, cultural and social capital effect on the inability of young people to follow the changing rule of the game in the new normality of works. Despite young people tried to negotiate this complex condition using their on-hand stock of social capital; their job option still represents the working-class background. Thus, narrative of marginalized youth transition in the neoliberal era shows how their position are not moving from their original and embedded social background as a working class.

 

Keywords: Youth Transition, Social Class, Bourdieu, Habitus.

 

Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas mengenai transisi kaum muda marginal menuju dunia kerja di Jawa Tengah, Indonesia dalam era neoliberal kontemporer. Pendekatan Bourdieusian diaplikasikan untuk mempertajam analisis baik pada dimensi material-objektif maupun kultural-subjektif kelas sosial dalam transisi kaum muda menuju dunia kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) pada tahun 2018. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bagaimana kelas sosial sebagai kondisi awal kesenjangan termanifestasi dalam tidak meratanya persebaran kapital ekonomi, budaya dan sosial yang berimplikasi pada praktik kaum muda yang tidak dapat mengikuti aturan main dalam normalitas baru di ranah kerja. Meskipun mereka mencoba bernegosiasi mengandalkan jejaring sosial, namun pekerjaan didapatkan tidak beranjak dari jenis pekerjaan yang merepresentasikan kelas sosial bawah. Narasi transisi kaum muda marginal menuju dunia kerja menunjukkan bagaimana mereka tidak banyak beranjak dari posisi kelas sosial asal yang melekat sejak mereka dilahirkan.

 

Kata Kunci: Transisi Kaum Muda, Kelas Sosial, Bourdieu, Habitus.
TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DAYAK IBAN DALAM ERA INDUSTRIALISASI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KABUPATEN SANGGAU
Authors: Leli Kornelia , Juliansyah Viza , Efriani Efriani
Published: November 2023

This study aims to describe the socio-economic transformation of the Dayak Iban Sebaruk community since the industrialization of oil palm plantations in Sungai Daun Hamlet, Sekayam District, Sanggau Regency. This study has focused on three main things: socio-economic life before the industrialization of oil palm, socio-economic life after the industrialization of oil palm, and the phenomenon of socio-economic transformation seen in the Dayak Iban Sebaruk in Sungai Daun Hamlet. This research has used a descriptive qualitative method using the theory of social change from traditional society to modern society. The results of this study have shown that the Dayak Iban Sebaruk community has experienced socio-economic changes due to the industrialization of oil palm plantations. This transformation can be seen in 5 aspects: livelihood shifts, social and cultural changes, infrastructure strengthening, environmental changes, and socio-political changes.

Keywords: Socio-Economic Changes, Palm Oil Plantations, Industrialization and the Dayak Iban Sebaruk Community

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan transformasi sosial ekonomi Masyarakat Dayak Iban Sebaruk sejak adanya Industrialisasi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Dusun Sungai Daun Kecamatan Sekayam Kabupaten Sanggau. Kajian ini berfokus pada 3 hal utama, yakni kehidupan social ekonomi sebelum industrialisasi kelapa sawit, kehidupan social ekonomi sesudah industrialisasi kelapa sawit, dan fenomena transfomasi social ekonomi yang tampak pada Dayak Iban Sebaruk di Dusun Sungai Daun.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan teori perubahan masyarakat dari masyarakat tradisional ke masyarakat modern. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Dayak Iban Sebaruk telah mengalami perubahan sosial ekonomi akibat industrialisasai Perkebunan KElapa sawit.Transformasi itu tampak dalam 5 aspek, yakni pergeseran mata pencaharian, perubahan sosial dan budaya, penguatan infrastruktur, perubahan lingkungan, dan perubahan sosial-politik.

Kata Kunci: Perubahan Sosial Ekonomi, Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit, Industrialisasi dan Masyarakat Dayak Iban Sebaruk
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Practice of Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sniderman Jhase , Abdeen Ayesha
Published: November 2023

» The COVID-19 global pandemic resulted in unprecedented disruptions in care including massive surgical cancelations, a shift to outpatient surgery, and novel medical risks posed by COVID-19 infection on patients undergoing joint replacement surgery.

» Refined patient optimization pathways have facilitated safe, efficient outpatient total joint arthroplasty in patient populations that may not otherwise have been considered eligible.

» Rapid innovations emerged to deliver care while minimizing the risk of disease transmission which included the widespread adoption of telemedicine and virtual patient engagement platforms.

» The widespread adoption of virtual technology was similarly expanded to resident education and continuing medical activities, which has improved our ability to propagate knowledge and increase access to educational initiatives.

» Novel challenges borne of the pandemic include profound personnel shortages and supply chain disruptions that continue to plague efficiencies and quality of care in arthroplasty and require creative, sustainable solutions.
WITHDRAWN: RF Receiver Design Using Planar Technology for 21 cm Radio Telescope
Authors: Mchaalia Raja , Mejri Fethi , Aguili Taoufik
Published: November 2023

We designed an RF receiver of the radio telescopeto detect the 21 cm hydrogen emission in our Galaxy. Further, the design of an RF receiver system demands meticulous judgement on the expected performance of the discrete devices like the LNA(Low Noise amplifier) and LO(Local Oscillator) are necessary to the overall sensitivity of the receiver system. In this paper, we design and realize the MMIC (Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit) LNA and LO for the radio telescope RF receiver. We also present the spectrum of the 21 cm hydrogen line. For the design of the LNA, we have chosen a MAR6-SM+ bipolar transistor because it is characterized by low noise and high gain. The measuring results showed good concordance with the frequency of the RF receiver.
Identification and validation of prognostic features of amino acid metabolism-related lncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: CHENG LVE , Niu Junwei , Li Shengwei
Published: November 2023

Background

As an important part of cellular energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism provides energy support for tumor progression. In recent years, it has been found that in addition to traditional proteins, long-stranded non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are also involved in amino acid metabolism in tumors. However, potential lncRNA biomarkers that potentially regulate amino acid metabolism and affect the prognosis of HCC patients remain to be further explored.

Materials and Methods

Genomic and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and amino acid metabolism-related genes were obtained from the Molecular Signature Database v5.1 (MSigDB). Prognostic features were constructed by co-expression analysis and Cox regression analysis. Patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups, and then independent prognostic analysis and ROC curve plotting were performed to assess the prognostic value of the features. Subsequently, immune-related functions of lncRNA and tumor mutational burden (TMB) were analyzed. Finally, we analyzed amino acid metabolism-related lncRNAs using the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm to determine their sensitivity to potential drugs for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Results

A total of 6 lncRNAs related to amino acid metabolism were obtained as LINC02870, AL031985.3, AC011476.3, AC012640.1, AL365361.1, LUCAT1, and prognostic features were established. We found that high-risk patients had poorer overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and higher mortality. Independent prognostic analysis, ROC, C-index and column line plot showed that amino acid metabolism-related lncRNAs could accurately predict the prognosis of patients. Column line plots and heat maps showed a significant difference in the distribution of amino acid metabolism-related lncRNAs between high- and low-risk groups. We also found that patients with high TMB had poorer OS, and the TIDE algorithm showed that high-risk patients had a greater likelihood of immune escape and poorer immunotherapy outcomes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, six lncRNAs associated with amino acid metabolism can accurately predict the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and may provide new insights for clinical application and treatment.
Carbon footprints of commodity field crops in global markets
Authors: Bamber Nicole , Turner Ian , Pelletier Nathan
Published: November 2023

Sustainability attributes are increasingly a source of competitive advantage for commodity crops in international markets, but fair comparisons are difficult given the diversity of agronomic environments and practices, complex supply chains, and heterogeneity in assessment methods and supporting data quality/availability. We adapted and applied a framework to transparently identify and source best available data, consistently model, and compare the carbon footprints of rapeseed, wheat and field peas produced in Canada, Australia, France, Germany and the United States. Canadian crops, especially those produced in the province of Saskatchewan, had much lower carbon footprints than the same crops produced in other countries when soil carbon changes were included and, in most cases, also when they were excluded. Transportation-to-market makes small contributions to global food system emissions, but is proportionately more important for low impact crops. For Saskatchewan crops, however, these emissions were more than offset by low production-related emissions in most cases.
Coproduction of cellulosic ethanol, lignosulfonate, and phenolic acids from an integrated corn cob valorization scheme
Authors: Maduzzi Julieta , Thomas Habila Yusuf , Fidelis José Dário Silva , de Carvalho José Valderisso Alfredo , Silva Elano Costa , Filho José Daladiê Barreto da Costa , Cavalcante José Demétrio Nery , Santos Everaldo Silvino dos , Souza Domingos Fabiano de Santana , Padilha Carlos Eduardo de Araújo
Published: November 2023

The economic competitiveness of 2G-bioethanol technology should improve through the use of by-products, especially lignin. The present study developed an integrated scheme to produce 2G-bioethanol, lignosulfonate, and phenolic acids from corncobs. Pretreatment with sulfuric acid made it possible to reduce the enzymatic dosage to 5 FPU/g in the enzymatic hydrolysis of samples with a size of less than 20 mesh. The addition of polyethylene glycol 1500 (PEG 1500) boosted the sugar release, reaching 56.73 g/L glucose under conditions with 20% (w/v) solids (gradual addition). In the ethanol production, the semi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation strategy achieved a maximum production of 31.64 g/L in the condition with 5 FPU/g, 2% (w/w) PEG 1500, and 20% (w/v) solids (gradual addition). FTIR confirmed the preparation of lignosulfonate from fermentation residue, and the surfactant showed good stabilization performance in oil/water systems. Hydrogen peroxide promoted high yields of p-coumaric acid (8045.3 mg/100 g) and ferulic acid (1429.4 mg/100 g) in the alkaline hydrolysis of fermentation residue. Based on the results, corncob is versatile and can be used to create a biorefinery with high economic potential.
Surgical Self- steering Robot using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Mahfouz Ahmed , Gamal Hassan El , Awad T. , Badawi M.B.
Published: November 2023

The aim of this work is to design a robot that can be used in surgery and can remove tumors by accurately and safely following contours. This is achieved by the medical imaging set such as DICOM-formatted images from several sources (CT, MRI, and Ultrasound) of these tumors using artificial neural networks. The workspace of a suggested 7 degrees of freedom robot is defined by calculating the position of the end effector for multiple positions of its links using DH tables and feed-forward kinematics. The data obtained are used to train three artificial neural networks to get the inverse kinematics. The suggested neural networks are the Generalized Regression Neural Network, Radial Basis, and Feed Forward. A training course for inverse kinematics of 23328 workspace points of the end effector of the suggested robot is used for training the three neural networks. The most accurately trained one was found to be the Feed-Forward neural network. It shows a root mean square error for those points of 2.08 mm and a training time of 1236 seconds and is to be applied to steer the robot links. The patient medical images are digitized using the image processing toolbox of MATLAB. The data obtained is to be fed to the superior neural network to get the robot links positions needed to move the end effector mounted with a cutter to follow the tumor contour accurately. The absolute error distance between the corresponding points of the contours resulting from testing the trained Feed-Forward NN with 51 points of a contour doesn’t exceed 2.08 mm.
Effect of pelvic position on ultrasonic measurement parameters of pelvic floor
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhuo Yan , Liu Min , Fang Jianqi , Weng Zongjie
Published: November 2023

Objective
To analyse the effect of pelvic position on ultrasonic measurement parameters of pelvic floor.
Methods
This study included 50 participants who visited Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from May 2020 to May 2022. All participants were assessed by medical professionals for general information and Pelvic floor four dimensional ultrasound. Ultrasonic measurements were performed in three different positions of the pelvis (anterior pelvic tilt, posterior pelvic tilt, and neutral pelvic tilt) based on lithotomy position.
Results
Chi square test indicated that the differences in the diagnosis of urethral funnelling, cystocele, uterine prolapse, perineal overactivity, and hiatal ballooning among neutral position, anterior pelvic tilt, and posterior pelvic tilt were statistically significant (P = .008, P＜.001, P = .003, P＜.001, and P＜.001 respectively). Repeated ANOVA analysis showed that the difference among neutral position, anterior pelvic tilt, and posterior pelvic tilt in hiatal area (at contraction), hiatal area (at rest), hiatal area (at valsalva), bladder neck descent, urethral rotation angle, cervical descent, rectal ampulla descent, hiatal area increase, hiatal area decrease,cervical position (at rest), rectal ampulla position (at rest), bladder neck position(at valsalva), cervical position (at valsalva), and rectal ampulla position (at valsalva) were statistically significant (P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P = .001, P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, P < .001, and P < .001 respectively).
Conclusion
Participants perform pelvic floor muscle contraction and Valsalva maneuver better in posterior pelvic tilt than other positions. And posterior pelvic tilt thus became the position that the most pelvic organ prolapse were diagnosed.
A Late Pleistocene Hominin footprint site on the North African Coast of Morocco
Authors: Sedrati Mouncef , Morales Juan A. , Duveau Jérémy , M’rini Abdelmounim El , Mayoral Eduardo , Díaz‐Martínez Ignacio , Anthony Edward J. , Bulot Glen , Sedrati Anass , Gall Romain Le , Santos Ana , Rivera-Silva Jorge Jorge
Published: November 2023

Footprints represent a relevant vestige providing direct information on the biology, locomotion, and behaviour of the individuals who left them. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of hominin footprints is heterogeneous, particularly in North Africa, where no footprint sites were known before the Holocene. This region is important in the evolution of hominins. It notably includes the earliest currently known Homo sapiens (Jebel Irhoud) and the oldest and richest African Middle Stone Age (MSA) hominin sites. In this fragmented ichnological record, we report the discovery of 85 human footprints on a Late Pleistocene now indurated beach surface of about 2,800 m2 at Larache (Northwest coast of Morocco). The wide range of sizes of the footprints suggests that several individuals from different age groups made the tracks while moving landward and seaward across a semi-dissipative bar-trough sandy beach foreshore. A geological investigation and an Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating of a rock sample extracted from the trackside places this hominin footprint surface at 90.3 ± 7.6 ka (MIS 5, Late Pleistocene). The Larache footprints are, therefore, the oldest attributed to Homo sapiens in Northern Africa and the Southern Mediterranean.
Exploring the Impact of Quality of Life and Social Support on Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Sudanese Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study across Multiple Universities in Sudan
Authors: Amin Mohammed Hammad Jaber
Published: November 2023

Medical students are more likely to develop depression, burnout, and other mental health problems than people in the general population, and their mental health tends to decline over time as they progress through medical training. Several factors may contribute to anxiety in medical students, including academic pressure, work demands, social challenges, physical stressors, financial problems, and gender. We aimed in this study to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among Sudanese medical students, and to explore the impact of quality of life and social support on these three factors in Sudanese medical students across various universities in Sudan. Methodology : We did a cross sectional study in medical students of faculty of medicine in0000 governmental and private universities in Sudan, The data collection tool composed of three questionnaires: the MOS social support survey, English Depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS21), and English WHO quality of life brief WHOQOLB) questionnaire Results: The participants’ age ranged from 18 to 26(mean 22.60, SD 2.44, Median 22.47), with a male to female ration of almost 1:3, We can notice that more than half of respondents had different grades of depression, anxiety, and stress. We used analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test association between academic year and depression, anxiety, and stress. Table (4) demonstrates the mean. Median, and P values of the test the results showed that there was significant difference in the scores of anxiety and stress scales among students of different academic years also showed that the young students and final year students had higher level of stress and anxiety. Conclusion : A study found that over half of them experienced depression, anxiety, and stress. The study showed that the quality of environment and physical health were important factors contributing to these mental health issues. These factors explained a significant portion of the variance in depression, anxiety, and stress. Furthermore, the study discovered that anxiety and stress levels differed among students from different academic years, with younger and final year students experiencing higher levels of stress and anxiety.
Distribution, invasion history and ecology of non-native pine bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in southern South America
Authors: Lantschner M. Victoria , Gomez Demian F. , Vilardo Gimena , Stazione Leonel , Ramos Sergio , Eskiviski Edgar , Fachinetti Romina , Schiappacassi Marcela , Vallejos Natalia , Germano Monica , Villacide José , Grilli Mariano P. , Martinez Gonzalo , Ahumada Rodrigo , Estay Sergio A. , Dumois Ignacio , Corley Juan
Published: November 2023

The growth of international trade, coupled with an expansion of large-scale pine plantations in South America during the second half of the 20th century, has significantly increased the opportunities for invasion of forest insects. Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) are a large and diverse group of insects, commonly recognized as one of the most important tree mortality agents in coniferous forests worldwide and an important group among invasive forest species. In this study, we combined data from field sampling with published records of established non-native pine bark beetles, to describe their distribution and invasion history in pine plantations across southern South America, reviewing the available information on their phenology and host range. We obtained records of established populations of six Eurasian species distributed in two major regions: the southwest region comprises plantations in Chile and the Argentine Patagonia, with four bark beetle species: Hylurgus ligniperda, Orthotomicus laricis, Hylastes ater, and Hylastes linearis; the northeastern zone includes northeastern Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil, includes three bark beetle species: H. ligniperda, Cyrtogenius luteus and O. erosus. The establishment of non-native populations across the study area began in the 1950s, and from the 1980s onwards, there has been an exponential increase in introductions. We predict that several of these species will continue spreading across South America, and that new species will continue arriving. We highlight the importance of international collaboration for early detection and management of non-native pine bark beetles.
The Psychological Experiences of Adolescent Suicide Attempt Patients : a systematic review of qualitative studies
Authors: Wang Xiaoning , Miao Qunfang , Li Jingyi , Zhu Li , Hu Tingting
Published: November 2023

Background: To systematically evaluate the psychological experiences of adolescent patients with suicide attempts and gain insight into their inner needs, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the development of targeted suicide crisis intervention strategies for adolescents with suicide attempts.
Methods: Computer searches of PubMed, Web of science, Embase, EBSCO, China Biomedical Database (CBM), China Knowledge Network, Wanfang Data, and Vipshop journal databases were conducted to include qualitative studies on the psychological experiences of adolescent patients with suicide attempts, with a search period from the date of database creation to April 1, 2023. The methodological quality of the included literature was evaluated using the Australian JBI Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for qualitative studies, and the results were integrated according to its pooled integration method.
Results: A total of 16 papers were included and 53 outcomes were distilled into 10 new categories and synthesized into 4 integrated outcomes:Factors in Suicide Attempts;The Diverse Motivations for Suicide; Self-Internal Transformations; Integrated Strategies for Coping with Suicide Attempts.
Conclusion: Adolescent patients with suicide attempts are affected by multiple factors, and healthcare professionals should strengthen protective factors for suicide attempts, enhance the prediction and intervention of suicide risk factors, pay attention to adolescent mental health education, adopt positive intervention strategies, provide multidimensional support for adolescents, encourage adolescents to establish positive self-perception and emotional expression skills, and inspire patients to reflect on the value of their own lives to reduce the risk of re-suicide.
Systematic review of registration platforms: PROSPERO
System review registration number: CRD42023417379
A machine learning approach for predicting the depression status among undergraduates: A case study from Sri Lanka
Authors: Sonnadara D.S. , Viswakula S.D. , Attygalle M.D.T
Published: November 2023

Background
Depression is a common mental health disorder that affects a significant portion of the global population. In Sri Lanka, depression is a growing concern, especially among undergraduate students. This study aims to develop a machine learning model to predict the depression status of science undergraduates from a state university in Sri Lanka
Methods
Data was collected from a sample of 363 undergraduates via a Google form which included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and several questions pertaining to their background. The data collected (through a convenience sampling scheme) was then used to build and evaluate 13 different machine learning models. The accuracy, precision and recall were used to evaluate the performance of each model.
Results
30% of the sample consisted of those who screened positive for depression. The results showed that the Gradient Boosting Classifier with an accuracy of 79% on the test set had the best accuracy as well as the best precision in predicting the depression status. Feature importance analysis identified the overall life satisfaction and level of stress associated with academic activities as the most important predictors of depression. Furthermore, the extent to which the respondents enjoy their university life, their BMI and whether or not they had nutritionally balanced diets were found to be the next three most important factors of depression status.
Conclusions
This study is possibly the first attempt to model and predict the depression status of Sri Lankan undergraduates using machine learning approaches. The developed model can be used as a screening tool to identify students who may be at risk of developing depression and can aid in providing targeted interventions to improve the mental health and well-being of undergraduates.
Medium-term outcomes of uncemented total hip arthroplasty in patients younger than 25 years old: A retrospective research
Authors: Yu Xin-Yuan , Qiao Yong-Jie , Li Xu-Sheng , Li Zi-Yao , Zhan Li-Rui , Song Xiao-Yang , Zhang Wen-Hua , Zhang Hao-Qiang
Published: November 2023

Objective: To evaluate the medium-term outcomes of uncemented total hip arthroplasty in patients ≤ 25 years.
Methods: A retrospective research was performed on patients ≤ 25 who received uncemented total hip arthroplasty at the Department of Orthopedics of the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army from January 2009 to December 2018. The clinical evaluation was measured with modified Harris Hip Score, Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and Short-Form 36. Postoperative complications (such as infection, revision, dislocation, and incisional healing issues) were recorded. Using pelvic anteroposterior, hip anteroposterior and lateral X-rays, the radiographic outcome was evaluated, including the position of the implants, loosening, bearing-surface wear, osteolysis, and heterotopic ossification. Loosening of the acetabular or femoral component or revision for any reason was defined as failure.
Results: At a follow-up of 8.3±2.4 years (range, 3.8 to 12 years), the preoperative modified Harris hip score was 43.5±12.9 (range, 18 to 62) and increased to 88.3 ± 8.8 (range, 72 to 97), and the preoperative postoperative Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score improved from 43.6±8.4 (range, 33.1 to 62.3) to 11.5 ± 6.8 (range, 2.5 to 25.8). The Physical Component score-SF-36 improved from 48.5 ± 8.6 (range, 36.4 to 61.3) to 81.2 ± 10.3 (range, 60.3 to 97.5), while the Mental Component score-SF-36 increased from 56.6±12.5 (range, 39.4 to 78.6) to 82.6 ± 12.9 (range, 54.7 to 97). The latest X-ray revealed that the position of the implants did not change substantially since the postoperative image. The abduction angle of acetabular cup was 41.8° ± 6.7° (range, 31° to 57°),the anteversion angle of acetabular cup was 18.2° ± 3.6° (range, 9.5° to 25.7°), and the filling ratio was 90.1% ± 3% (range, 85.2%-95.3%). The preoperative leg length discrepancy was 1.8 cm ± 0.8 cm (range, 1 cm to 5 cm) and reduced to 1.4 cm ± 0.5 cm (range, 0.5 cm to 2.5 cm). No considerable loosening, bearing-surface wear, osteolysis, or heterotopic ossification was observed. At the latest follow-up, the overall survival rate of the 49 hips was 98%.
Conclusion: For patients with end-stage hip disease under 25 years old, uncemented THA exhibit excellent outcomes, with a high survival rate and fewer complications at medium-term follow-up.
Will Nigella sativa oil protect parotid glands of rats against cranium gamma irradiation? Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation
Authors: Ahmed Salwa Farid , Bakr Mostafa A.
Published: November 2023

Background: Radiation plays an essential role in treating malignancies. Radiation exposure of salivary glands often results in permanent loss of their functions; therefore, their protection against radiation is crucial. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) is a useful antioxidant against free radicals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the radio-protective effect of NSO on oxidative injury of parotid glands of gamma-irradiated rats.
Methods: Twenty-eight male albino rats were divided into four groups (n= 7): Group 1: Neither NSO nor radiation, Group 2: Rats received NSO 400 mg/kg, Group 3: Rats received 15 Gy cranium gamma‑irradiation & Group 4: Rats received gamma irradiation and NSO. Rats were sacrificed two weeks after the last NSO dose. Histological sections of parotid glands were stained with H&E, Masson’s trichrome and anti-TGF-β antibodies. Area percentage of Masson’s trichrome and TGF-β expression was morphometrically examined.
Results: Parotid glands of control and NSO groups revealed normal morphology. Gamma-irradiated glands showed loss of normal acinar architecture and slight acinar shrinkage. NSO treatment of gamma-irradiated glands preserved acinar outline and architecture. Masson’s trichrome stained samples revealed trace amounts of collagen fibers in control and NSO groups, and excessive amounts of collagen fibers in gamma-irradiated group, in addition to few collagen fibers for gamma-irradiated glands treated with NSO. Additionally, control and NSO groups showed negative TGF-β expression. Gamma-irradiated group showed high TGF-β expression, while NSO treated gamma-irradiated group showed moderate TGF-β expression.
Conclusions: Gamma-irradiation adversely affected parotid glands, and in contrast, NSO seemed to positively counteract this adverse effect.
High modularity, more flexible and independent communication of brain networks after stroke
Authors: Huai Zou , Yu Xin , Kang Wu , Yuan Li , Chen Chen , Zhu Chen , Yue Shi
Published: November 2023

Stroke is recognized as a network communication disorder. Advances in neuroimaging technologies have enhanced our comprehension of dynamic cerebral alterations. However, abnormal and adaptive brain activity patterns after stroke are still underexplored. We aim to identify dynamic patterns of network remodeling in stroke patients with hemiplegia. fMRI data were obtained from 50 stroke patients and 35 healthy controls to establish a spatiotemporal multilayer modularity model. Then, graph-theoretic measures, including modularity, flexibility, cohesion and disjointedness were calculated to quantify dynamic reconfiguration. Our findings reveal that the post-stroke brain exhibited higher modular organization, as well as heightened flexibility and disjointedness compared to HCs; specifically, increased flexibility and disjointedness, were observed in the Sensorimotor network, Default mode network, and Attentional network, indicating that brain nodes tend to switch more frequently and independently between communities, and the dynamic changes were mainly driven by motor control and cognition-related networks. Notably, modified functional dynamics positively correlated with better motor performance in patients with mild motor impairment. Collectively, our research uncovered high modularity, global hyper-flexibility, and independent reorganization following stroke. Our findings may offer new insights into the complex reorganization of neural function in post-stroke brain.
Assessing the Impact of the Epidemic Lockdown on Shenyang's Air Quality
Authors: Wang Lukai , Ma Chen , Zhuang Xiaohong , Yang Guangchao , peng kang
Published: November 2023

The outbreak of COVID-19 (novel coronavirus 2019) led to a significant decrease in human activities, providing a unique window to explore the potential for emission control and the subsequent response of air quality. In this study, we investigated the concentration trends of six standard air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3) in Shenyang during the pre-lockdown period (January 1 to January 25, 2020), lockdown period (January 26 to March 23, 2020), and post-lockdown period (March 24 to May 20, 2020). Additionally, we examined the relationships between atmospheric pollutants during these three periods and the backward trajectories every 6 hours and 24 hours. The results showed that during the lockdown period, the reduction in air pollution was closely related to the restriction of mobile pollution sources. The difference in AQI (Air Quality Index) between the northern and southern regions decreased spatially. Compared to the pre-lockdown period, the mean concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 and CO decreased by 46.96%, 40.28%, 46.87%, 38.95%, and 44.03%, respectively. However, when compared to the same period in 2019 and 2021, we found that the lockdown measures did not significantly decrease the Air Quality Index. Only PM10 and SO2 showed significant decreases compared to 2019, while the variation in O3 concentration was minimally affected by the reduced industrial emissions during the pandemic. Furthermore, using the composite index analysis, we found that industrial combustion was the main source of atmospheric pollutants. We speculated that the increased emissions from industrial combustion due to the higher demand for residential heating during the lockdown period hindered significant improvement in air quality. The correlation analysis indicated a highly significant positive correlation between PM and trace gases (SO2, NO2, CO) during all three periods, suggesting similar emission sources for these pollutants. Long-range regional transport mainly originated from Mongolia and Russia in the northwest direction of Shenyang. Therefore, this study contributes to a better understanding of the impact of different pollution sources on air pollution. It highlights the need for regionally coordinated and balanced strategies for controlling multiple pollutants in the future.
Complications of chest wall around malignant tumors: differences based on reconstruction strategy
Authors: Asanuma Kunihiro , Tsujii Masaya , Hagi Tomohito , Nakamura Tomoki , Kataoka Takeshi , Uchiyama Teruya , Adachi Ryohei , Sudo Akihiro
Published: November 2023

Background
The chest wall around malignant tumors needs wide resection with tumor-free margins, and reconstruction methods differ according to tumor depth. This study evaluated differences in complications according to reconstruction strategy.
Methods
Forty-five patients with 52 operations for resection of the chest wall around malignant tumors were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized as having superficial tumors, comprising Group A with simple closure for small soft tissue defects and Group B with flap coverage for wide soft tissue defects, or deep tumors, comprising Group C with full-thickness resection with or without mesh reconstruction and Group D with full-thickness resection covered by flap with or without polymethyl methacrylate. Complications were evaluated for the 52 operations based on reconstruction strategy then risk factors for surgical and respiratory complications were elucidated.
Results
Total local recurrence-free survival rates in 45 patients who received first operation were 83.9% at 5 years and 70.6% at 10 years. The surgical complication rate was 11.5% (6/52), occurring only in cases with deep tumors, predominantly from Group D (p = 0.0064). Operations needing chest wall reconstruction (p = 0.0016) and flap transfer (p = 0.0112) were significantly associated with the incidence of complications. Operations involving complications showed significantly larger tumors, wider areas of bony chest wall resection and greater volumes of bleeding (p < 0.005). Flap transfer was the only significant predictor identified from multivariate analysis (OR: 10.8, 95%CI: 1.05–111; p = 0.0456). The respiratory complication rate was 13.5% (7/52), occurring with superficial and deep tumors, particularly Groups B and D (p < 0.0005). Flap transfer was significantly associated with the incidence of respiratory complications (p < 0.0005). Cases in the group with respiratory complications were older, more frequently had a history of smoking, had lower FEV1.0% and had a wider area of skin resected compared to cases in the group without respiratory complications (p < 0.05). Preoperative FEV1.0% was the only significant predictor identified from multivariate analysis (OR: 0.814, 95%CI: 0.693–0.957; p = 0.0126).
Conclusions
Surgical complications were more frequent in Group D and after operations involving flap transfer. Severe preoperative FEV1.0% was associated with respiratory complications even in cases of superficial tumors with flap transfer.
Extractive Text Summarization Using Formality of Language
Authors: Mehta Harsh , Bharti Santosh kumar , Doshi Nishant
Published: November 2023

Automatic text summarization is a more than decade-old research method to get a summary from the larger descriptive text, and the cam- paign to find the best approach is still going on. Much research has been done, and new techniques are emerging to get a summary from the text document. Many unsupervised methods do not give justice to the lan- guage with high inflections. We aim to provide a unique technique that gives justice to complex morphological language. We present a novel method, the formality of a language, to generate a summary. We have used an already researched formality formula to measure the formality of language but customized it to suit an Indo-Iranian language family. We have proved that our redefined formula works with a 7.28% higher formality score than informal language. We also ran a statistical sig- nificance test to confirm the results. We apply this formula to measure whether the sentence is formal or informal. Our customized formula mix- ture with other measures like Shannon entropy score, and the presence of numeric values, we generate a score of a sentence. Based on scoring, we generate a text summary. We experimented formula on the generated Gujarati corpus and collected the results. We compared our technique with similar methods on ideal compression ratios like 20% and 30%. We got the highest accuracy with an increase of 14.63% compared to other methods on rouge-1 with a 30% compression ratio and a 28.60% increase in rouge-1 with a 20% compression ratio. Detailed experiment values with all the results have been provided for further study and research.
Microarchitectural structure of bone mediates the relationship between age and cognition
Authors: Li Lishan , Ye Lihua , Wen Jianzhen , Bian Zhuang , Han Wenya
Published: November 2023

There is potential endocrine crosstalk between bone and the brain. To elucidate the relationship between age and cognitive decline, it is important to consider microarchitectural structure of bone such as trabecular bone score (TBS), which is more sensitive technique to measure microarchitectural structure of bone than bone mineral density (BMD) and may affect behavior. Therefore, we aimed to investigate if TBS is a mediator of the relationship between age and cognitive decline. Healthy participants (N = 101, 40–90 years) completed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Body composition, BMD and TBS were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Mediation analysis was conducted to determine if TBS mediates the relationship between age and cognition. Older age was associated with worse cognition (p < 0.001), but this was an indirect effect: older participants had lower TBS, and, in turn, lower TBS was associated with worse MoCA scores. TBS mediates the relationship between age and cognitive decline. Importantly, this relationship was not moderated by age. Moreover, high muscle mass was associated with increased TBS. This relationship between health and TBS may be a possible mechanistic explanation for how health affects cognition in older age.