bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catechesis and education as a function of building the Church according to Fr. Franciszek Blachnicki (On the centenary of the birth of the great educator)
Authors: Misiaszek Kazimierz
Published: January 2022

For Fr. Franciszek Blachnicki, the catechesis was in close relationship with the Church. The most appropriate place for the catechesis as the fundamental formation of Christians (adults, youth and children) is in the Church which is both the subject, goal and object of catechesis. Fr. Franciszek Blachnicki drew the concepts of the Church from studies by German-speaking authors, and above all from documents of the Second Vatican Council. For him, the Church was an intermediary of salvation, a universal sacrament of salvation, a mother, a temple of God, and most of all, a union of God's people, a community in Christ, a community of faith, hope and love. The task of catechesis is, in the first place, the introduction and experience of the Church. The nature of catechesis stems from the concept of the Church. Therefore, if the Church is a community, the aim of catechesis is to introduce it to the faithful so that they may not only participate in it, but above all create it. It is also important that catechesis  serves the process of Christian initiation, discovering the Church as a place of fulfilling the mystery of life, salvation and healing. Therefore, Fr. Blachnicki put a strong emphasis on the relationship between the liturgy and catechesis, because the most complete process of initiation takes place in the liturgy. Another task of catechesis is its function of awakening and developing faith. For faith is the foundation for the Church and the primary goal for catechesis. It is to be both personalistic and social in nature. Father Blachnicki claimed that cathechesis educated faith was not an individual faith but the faith of the Church. Many Christians, even including those most zealous, live their Christian lives alongside the life of the Church, but not in the Church. In the meantime, every Christian is the Church, because the Church is the whole Christ, the head and members, and we are its members. For that reason, the life of the Church grows in so far as the life of faith of each member grows.
Eşinden Şiddet Gören ve Görmeyen Çalışan Kadınların Çok Yönlü Eylemli Kişilik Özelliklerinin, Ruh Sağlığı Sürekliliklerinin ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rollerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Yüksel-sahin Fulya , Çanakçı Ebru
Published: January 2022

Araştırmada, çalışan kadınların eşinden gördükleri şiddetin çok yönlü eylemli kişilik, ruh sağlığı sürekliliği ve toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri düzeylerini anlamlı bir biçimde yordayıp yordamadığı incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 695 çalışan kadın oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada gerekli verileri elde etmek için, Aile İçi Kadına Yönelik Şiddet Ölçeği, Çok Yönlü Eylemli Kişilik Ölçeği, Ruh Sağlığı Sürekliliği Ölçeği, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada,verilerin analizi için Doğrusal Regresyon Analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, eşinden şiddet görmenin, çalışan kadınların çok yönlü eylemli kişiliklerinin, ruh sağlığı sürekliliklerinin ve toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın bulguları, ilgili alan yazın ışığında tartışılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur.
Paradoxical Septal Motion after Uncomplicated Cardiac Surgery: A
Consequence of Altered Regional Right Ventricular Contractile Patterns
Authors: Athanasuleas Constantine , Stanley Alfred , Nanda Navin
Published: January 2022

Paroxysmal interventricular septal motion (PSM) is the movement of the septum toward
the right ventricle (RV) during cardiac systole. It occurs frequently after uncomplicated cardiac
surgery (CS), including coronary bypass (on-pump and off-pump), valve repair or replacement,
and with all types of incisions (sternotomy or mini-thoracotomy). It sometimes resolves quickly
but may persist for months or become permanent. Global RV systolic function, stroke volume and
ejection fraction remain normal after uncomplicated CS, but regional contractile patterns are altered.
There is a decrease in longitudinal shortening but an increase in transverse shortening in the
endocardial and epicardial right ventricular muscle fibers, respectively. PSM is a secondary event
as there is no loss of septal perfusion or thickening. The increased RV transverse shortening (free
wall to septal fibers) may modify septal movement resulting in PSM that compensates for the reduced
RV longitudinal shortening, thus preserving normal global right ventricular function.
Synthesis, Biological Screening and Docking Study of Some Novel Pyrazolopyrano[
2,3-B]quinolin Derivatives as Potent Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Emtiazi Hamideh , Sharif Ali Salari , Ardestani Mina
Published: January 2022

Background:

Pyranopyrazoles have a variety of biological activities and can be obtained
by various starting materials and synthetic methods. Also, pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins
that contain pyranopyrazole moiety have some biological activities such as anti-acetylcholinesterase
and anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity. In this research, our objective is to prepare
pyranopyrazole compounds and pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins in a simple way and then evaluate
their antibacterial effect.

Methods:

In this study, pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives have been synthesized by condensing
malononitrile, aromatic aldehydes, and 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one in the presence of
magnesium perchlorate as a catalyst. Then we prepared pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins via subsequent
Friedlander reaction between cyclohexanone and the obtained pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles. Also,
the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins against Staphylococcus
aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and
Escherichia coli was measured. Then we studied molecular docking of them to find the predicted
compounds' interactions and binding energy with DNA-gyrase with the AutoDock 4.2 software.

Results:

Pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins were synthesized in the optimized conditions. Evaluation
of their antibacterial activities showed that these compounds have moderate to good antibacterial
activities against four bacteria species. Also molecular docking tests of docked compounds showed
a strong bonding interaction with DNA-Gyrase and had been docked into the intercalation place of
DNA of DNA-gyrase complex. The molecule bonded to the DNA stabilized by the H bonds, hydrophobic
interactions, and π-π interaction.

Conclusion:

We have developed an efficient and one-pot ecofriendly protocol for the synthesis of
some novel pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol derivatives and pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins under simple conditions
and then tested them for their antibacterial activities. Also, we studied molecular docking of
them. These compounds showed moderate to good inhibitory action.
New Nonsteroidal Molecules as Blockers of the Steroidogenic Pathway
Authors: Cabeza Marisa , Piermattey Jhoan H. , Ahumedo Maicol , Heuze Yvonne , Soriano Juan
Published: January 2022

Background:

Testosterone circulating levels decrease in aging. This fact affects the emotional
response to captivating pictures. Therefore, naturally increasing androgens within neurons could be a
way to improve the mood of aged people.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine the biological activity of new nonsteroidal derivatives of 2-
aminonaphthalene-1,4-dione (2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-(iodoamino)-3-
methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione) as inhibitors of the aldo-keto reductase 1 enzymes (AKR1C1, AKR1C2).

Method:

The 2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-
dione were synthesized, and their effect in vivo and in vitro was determined. The human prostate cell
membrane was used as a source of steroidogenic enzymes. The 2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione
and 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione bindings to the androgen receptors were also assayed
using cytosol from the rat prostate. In vivo experiments, we determined the effects of 2-amino-3-
iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione, 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione on the weight of androgendependent
glands of castrated hamsters treated with testosterone and finasteride or 2-amino-3-
iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione or 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione was determined.

Results:

2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione inhibited
AKR1C1 enzyme activity with an IC50 value of 420 nM (2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione)
and 1.95 μM (2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione), respectively. They also blocked
AKR1C2 with an IC50 value of 300 nM (2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione) and 1.52 μM (2-
(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione). Thus 2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-
(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione prevent the formation of 3α and 3β-androstanediols.
Moreover, these compounds did not bind to AR and did not reduce prostate and seminal vesicle weight.
The latter is because of the accumulation of dihydrotestosterone, which is an anabolic androgen.

Conclusion:

2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione
inhibited AKR1C1 and AKR1C2 enzyme activity; consequently, dihydrotestosterone was accumulated
in androgen-dependent glands. These derivatives could potentially use therapeutics via direct nasal administration
in aged patients, increasing DHT in neurons.
Mixed Depression: A Survey on Psychopathological, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Approaches among a Sample of Italian Psychiatrists
Authors: Mineo Ludovico , Rodolico Alessandro , Concerto Carmen , Natale Antimo , Pennisi Manuela , Tusconi Massimo , Aguglia Andrea , Amerio Andrea , Serafini Gianluca , Amore Mario , Aguglia Eugenio
Published: January 2022

Background:

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (5th edition) introduced the specifier “with Mixed Features” to the diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode to designate the presence of (hypo) manic symptoms as part of the clinical presentation. This change has led to renewed attention on the operational definition, diagnosis, and treatment of Mixed Depression.

Objective:

To investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards Mixed Depression among a representative sample of Italian psychiatrists.

Methods:

Between March and April 2021, 342 psychiatrists working in Italian adult mental health services were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey comprising 32 questions designed to investigate clinical and psychopathological approaches regarding the management of mixed depression in daily psychiatric practice.

Results:

83.74% of participants reported having performed a diagnosis of mixed depression in the last five years, with the majority of respondents affirming that they had not used any diagnostic tool. Only 7,5% of the surveyed psychiatrists considered the DSM-5 criteria to be fully adequate in the description of this clinical entity. The most used pharmacological approach was combined therapy, in particular antipsychotics plus mood stabilizers. For monotherapy, the preferred drugs were Valproate and Quetiapine. Regarding the conceptualization of mood disorders, 199 of the participants chose the Kraepelinian unitary spectrum view; meanwhile, 101 expressed their preference for the binary model.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest a prominent position of mixed depression in the context of mood disorders. Univocal operational criteria and additional research on pharmacological treatment are also needed to ensure the correct recognition and management of mixed depression.
Construction of Biomimetic-Responsive Nanocarriers and their Applications in Tumor Targeting
Authors: Shi Anhua , Wu Junzi , Tian Xuexia
Published: January 2022

Backgroud:

At present, tumors are leading cause of death. Biomimetic nanocarriers for precision cancer therapy are attracting increasing attention. Nanocarriers with a good biocompatible surface could reduce the recognition and elimination of nanoparticles as foreign substances by the immune system, offer specific targeting, and improve the efficacy of precision medicine for tumors, thereby providing outstanding prospects for application in cancer therapy. In particular, cell membrane biomimetic camouflaged nanocarriers have become a research hotspot because of their excellent biocompatibility, prolonged circulation in the blood, and tumor targeting.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to summarize the biological targeting mechanisms of different cell membraneencapsulated nanocarriers in cancer therapy. In this article, the characteristics, applications, and stages of progress of bionic encapsulated nanocarriers for different cell membranes are discussed, as are the field’s developmental prospects.

Method:

The findings on the characteristics of bionic encapsulated nanocarriers for different cell membranes and tumor treatment have been analyzed and summarized.

Results:

Biomimetic nanosystems based on various natural cell and hybrid cell membranes have been shown to efficiently control targeted drug delivery systems. They can reduce immune system clearance, prolong blood circulation time, and improve drug loading and targeting, thereby enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of tumors and reducing the spread of CTCs.

Conclusion:

With advances in the development of biomimetic nanocarrier DDSs, novel ideas for tumor treatment and drug delivery have been emerged. However, there are still some problems in biomimetic nanosystems. Therefore, it needs to be optimized through further research, from the laboratory to the clinic to benefit a wide range of patients.
Potential Implications of Vouacapan Compounds for Insecticidal
Activity: An In Silico Study
Authors: Ortiz-Zamora Lisset , Ferreira Jaderson V. , de Oliveira Nayana K.S. , de Molfetta Fábio A. , Hage-Melim Lorane I.S. , Fernandes Caio P. , Oliveira Anna E.M.F.M.
Published: January 2022

Background:

From the fruits and seeds of the species of Pterodon, it
is possible to obtain two main products: essential oil and oleoresin. In oleoresin,
numerous vouacapan compounds have been demonstrated to have biological potential,
including insecticidal activity

Objective:

In silico studies were performed to identify potential candidates for natural
insecticides among the vouacapans present in the genus Pterodon.

Materials and Methods:

Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies
were performed to analyze the interaction of vouacapan compounds with acetylcholinesterase
of Drosophila melanogaster. Pharmacokinetic parameters regarding
physicochemical properties, plasma protein binding, and activity in the central
nervous system were evaluated. The toxicological properties of the selected
molecules were predicted using malathion as the reference compound.

Results:

6α,7β-dimethoxivouacapan-17-ene (15) showed a high number of interactions
and scores in molecular docking studies. These results suggested that this
compound exhibits an inhibitory activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.
This compound showed the best results regarding physicochemical properties, besides
presenting low cutaneous permeability values, suggesting null absorption.
Molecular dynamics studies demonstrated few conformational changes in the
structure of the complex formed by compound 4 and acetylcholinesterase enzyme
throughout the simulation time.

Conclusion:

It was determined that compound 4 (vouacapan 6α,7β,17β,19-tetraol)
could be an excellent candidate for usage as a natural insecticide.
Realizing the Effective Detection of Tumor in Magnetic Resonance Imaging using Cluster-Sparse Assisted Super-Resolution
Authors: Srinivasan Kathiravan , Selvakumar Ramaneswaran , Rajagopal Sivakumar , Velev Dimiter Georgiev , Vuksanovic Branislav
Published: January 2022

Recently, significant research has been done in Super-Resolution (SR) methods for augmenting the spatial resolution of the Magnetic Resonance (MR) images, which aids the physician in improved disease diagnoses. Single SR methods have drawbacks; they fail to capture self-similarity in non-local patches and are not robust to noise. To exploit the non-local self-similarity and intrinsic sparsity in MR images, this paper proposes the use of Cluster-Sparse Assisted Super-Resolution. This SR method effectively captures similarity in non-locally positioned patches by training on clusters of patches using a self-adaptive dictionary. This method of training also leads to better edge and texture detection. Experiments show that using Cluster-Sparse Assisted Super-Resolution for brain MR images results in enhanced detection of lesions leading to better diagnosis.
influence of service quality and customer satisfaction of the BRImo application on customer loyalty
Authors: Saputra Agus Riyan , Wahab Zakaria , Shihab Muchsin Saggaf , Widiyanti Marlina
Published: January 2022

This study was conducted to determine service quality and customer satisfaction on the BRImo application on customer loyalty at PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk Sekayu branch office. The population in this study were all customers at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk Sekayu Branch Office, as many as 850 customers in the K1 customer category, which focuses on BRImo users in 2020-2021. The sample used in this study was 123 respondents with purposive sampling techniques. The multiple linear regression analysis results show that service quality has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. Customer satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. The results of this study are expected. PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk can improve the application network regularly and provide additional employees in the IT department so that customers can always use the BRImo application at any time. In addition, the increase in the appearance and needs of customers in the BRImo application service can be further improved so that customers can be more efficient in conducting transactions using only smartphones without the need to come directly to the BRI bank.
Women’s driving decree, market orientation, and company performance in Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Marketing Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia, Zouaoui Rim , Zouaoui Marwa ,   Financial Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia,   Higher Institute of Management, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
Published: January 2022

This paper investigated whether the royal decree of September 2017 allowing women to drive affects the relationship between market orientation and firm performance of official car dealerships in Saudi Arabia. In the empirical investigation, a quantitative method was used, focusing on car dealership managers and executives. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modelling with data collected from 94 questioned. Market orientation dimensions that were investigated included customer orientation, competitor orientation, and inter-functional coordination. The results indicate a positive effect of market orientation on company performance in Saudi Arabia over two periods, before and after the application of the decree. Before the royal decree, only two of the three dimensions of market orientation affected company performance, customer orientation, and inter-functional coordination. After the decree, all three dimensions of market orientation affected company performance. This proves that political decision has intensified competition in this market. Our results underlined the non-necessity of equality and the strength of the three components belonging to the market orientation on performance. Yet, our investigation is unprecedented having sought to resolve this classic relationship in a specific context.
Памяти Е.М. Круглова и Филимонова В.В. Квантовый выход кремниевого лавинного фотодиода в диапазонах длин волн 114-170 и 210-1100 nm
Authors: Аруев П.Н. , Белик В.П. , Блохин А.А. , Забродский В.В. , Николаев А.В. , Сахаров В.И. , Серенков И.Т. , Филимонов В.В. , Шерстнев Е.В.
Published: January 2022

Avalanche silicon photodiode have been developted for near ir, visible, UV and VUV light range. External quantum efficiency have been studied in 114 - 170 abd 210 - 1100nm range.
It is demonstrated that photodiode reach from 29 to 9300 electrons/photon on 160 nm with bias voltage of 190 and 303 v respectively.
Влияние обработки в He:O плазме на структуру многостенных углеродных нанотрубок
Authors: Болотов В.В. , Князев Е.В. , Несов С.Н.
Published: January 2022

The functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in He:O plasma is investigated. It's shown that plasma treatment leads to the removal of defective outer graphene layers and their fragments due to oxidation. It is established that the surface of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes contains numerous uncoordinated carbon atoms and oxygen-containing functional groups. The preservation of the structure of the internal graphene layers of nanotubes and the formation of broken chemical bonds ensures a decrease in electrical resistance. At the same time, there is a narrowing of the distribution of electrical resistance values of nanotube ensembles.
Нелинейные эффекты при распылении арсенида галлия и кремния кластерными ионами висмута
Authors: Толстогузов А.Б. , Мажаров П.А. , Иешкин А.Е. , Meyer F. , Fu D.J.
Published: January 2022

An experimental study on the influence of the energy and the number of atoms in the bombarding ions Bin+ (n = 1-4) on the sputter yield of GaAs was carried out. It was shown that the specific sputter yield Ysp nonadditively increase with an increasing of n and specific kinetic energy Esp per an atom in the bombarding ion, and the efficiency of energy transfer from bombarding ions to target atoms also increases with an increasing of n. A comparison was made with the previously obtained results for Si targets.
Фотопреобразователь лазерного излучения на основе GaInP с КПД 46.7% на длине волны 600 nm
Authors: Минтаиров С.А. , Евстропов В.В. , Минтаиров М.А. , Нахимович М.В. , Салий Р.А. , Шварц М.З. , Калюжный Н.А.
Published: January 2022

GaInP-based laser power converters (LPC) structure grown by MOVPE and device chip design have been optimized for operation under high-power lasers of the green-red spectral range. Light IV curves records have shown the performance of the LPC up to 40-50 W/cm2 of incident power densities. The highest level data were obtained for 532 nm, 600 nm, and 633 nm power laser lines: 44.3%, 46.7%, and 40.6% under 13-16 W/cm2, respectively. LPC demonstrated an efficiency of more than 40% at elevated up to 40-50 W/cm2 of the incident laser power density.
Влияние предварительной ионной бомбардировки на формирование нанопленок Co и CoSi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- на поверхности Si при твердофазном осаждении
Authors: Турапов И.Х. , Бекпулатов И.Р. , Ташатов А.К. , Умирзаков Б.Е.
Published: January 2022

In work to obtain ordered nanophases of Co and CoSi2, nuclei are preliminarily created on the Si surface by bombardment with Ar+ ions with E0 = 0.5 keV and D = 8 × 1013 cm-2. It was found that a narrow band gap (Еg = 0.3 eV) appears in the band structure at a Co layer thickness of less than 3 ML. The metallic properties of the Co film are manifested at a thickness of more than 4-5 ML. Heating the Co/Si(111) system at T = 900 K leads to the formation of nanophases and CoSi2 nanofilms. Еg of CoSi2 nanophases with Ɵ  3 ML is ~0.8 eV, and of CoSi2 films - 0.6 eV.
Characterizing Awareness of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention in Manila and Cebu, Philippines: Web-Based Survey of Filipino Cisgender Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Restar Arjee , Surace Anthony , Adia Alexander , Goedel William , Ogunbajo Adedotun , Jin Harry , Edeza Alberto , Hernandez Laufred , Cu-Uvin Susan , Operario Don
Published: January 2022

Background

The Philippines is experiencing an HIV crisis and is considering implementing pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as a national public health strategy for HIV prevention for cisgender men who have sex with men (cis-MSM). However, critical information on the awareness of PrEP among cis-MSM is needed to roll out this public health initiative.

Objective

This study aims to assess PrEP awareness and related correlates (ie, sociodemographic variables, social factors, and health care access and use) among Filipino cis-MSM.

Methods

We conducted a web-based survey with Filipino cis-MSM (n=179) residing in the cities of Manila and Cebu, Philippines. Multivariable analysis procedures were performed to examine the factors associated with PrEP awareness.

Results

Our sample demonstrated high awareness (134/179, 74.9%) and interest (159/179, 88.8%) in taking PrEP. The adjusted model showed that greater odds of PrEP awareness were associated with having a college education or higher versus a high school education or lower (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 7.30, 95% CI 1.01-52.47), earning between PHP 10,000 (US $198.6) and PHP 20,000 (US $397.2) versus <PHP 10,000 (US $198.60; aOR 9.32, 95% CI 1.41-6.22), having had a prior HIV test (aOR 6.06, 95% CI 1.20-13.55), having high HIV knowledge (aOR 3.50, 95% CI 1.11-10.98), and having friends who discussed PrEP (aOR 11.17, 95% CI 2.73-14.5).

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that Filipino cis-MSM are aware of and interested in taking PrEP, but there is currently an unmet need for such biomedical HIV prevention technologies among this population. Incorporating PrEP education into routine HIV screening and leveraging cis-MSM social networks may be useful in optimizing potential PrEP implementation in the Philippines.
Influence of Factors Relating to Sex and Gender on Rank List Decisions and Perceptions of Residency Training: Survey Study
Authors: Gibney Ryan , Cantwell Christina , Wray Alisa , Boysen-Osborn Megan , Wiechmann Warren , Saadat Soheil , Smart Jonathan , Toohey Shannon
Published: January 2022

Background

Females make up more than half of medical school matriculants but only one-third of emergency medicine (EM) residents. Various factors may contribute to why fewer females choose the field of EM, such as the existing presence of females in the specialty.

Objective

This study is a follow-up to previous work, and a survey is used to assess current residents’ attitudes and perceptions on various factors, including those relating to sex and gender on creating rank lists as medical students and in perceived effects on residency education.

Methods

A web-based survey consisting of Likert scale questions regarding a variety of factors influencing a student’s decision to create a rank list and in perceived effects on residency education was sent to current EM residents in 2020.

Results

Residents from 17 programs participated in the survey with an 18.2% (138/758) response rate. The most important factors in creating a rank list were the personality of residents in the program, location, and facility type. For factors specifically related to gender, respondents who answered affirmatively to whether the gender composition of residents affected the selection of a program in making a rank list were more likely to also answer affirmatively to subsequent questions related to the gender of program leadership (P<.001) and gender composition of attending physicians (P<.001). The personality of residents was also the most important factor perceived to affect residency education. For factors influencing rank list and residency education, female respondents placed higher importance on subcategories related to gender (ie, gender composition of the residents, of the program leadership, and of the attending physicians) to a significant degree compared with their male counterparts.

Conclusions

Although factors such as location and resident personality show the most importance in influencing residency selection, when stratifying based on respondent sex, females tend to indicate that factors relating to gender have more influence on rank list and residency education compared with males.
Designing Effective eHealth Interventions for Underserved Groups: Five Lessons From a Decade of eHealth Intervention Design and Deployment (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Edmund WJ , McCloud Rachel F , Viswanath Kasisomayajula
Published: January 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Despite the proliferation of eHealth interventions, such as web portals, for health information dissemination or the use of mobile apps and wearables for health monitoring, research has shown that underserved groups do not benefit proportionately from these eHealth interventions. This is largely because of usability issues and the lack of attention to the broader structural, physical, and psychosocial barriers to technology adoption and use. The objective of this paper is to draw lessons from a decade of experience in designing different user-centered eHealth interventions (eg, web portals and health apps) to inform future work in leveraging technology to address health disparities. We draw these lessons from a series of interventions from the work we have done over 15 years in the Viswanath laboratory at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, focusing on three projects that used web portals and health apps targeted toward underserved groups. The projects were the following: Click to Connect, which was a community-based eHealth intervention that aimed to improve internet skills and health literacy among underserved groups by providing home access to high-speed internet, computer, and internet training classes, as well as a dedicated health web portal with ongoing technical support; PLANET MassCONECT, which was a knowledge translation project that built capacity among community-based organizations in Boston, Lawrence, and Worcester in Massachusetts to adopt evidence-based health promotion programs; and Smartphone App for Public Health, which was a mobile health research that facilitated both participatory (eg, surveys) and passive data (eg, geolocations and web-browsing behaviors) collection for the purpose of understanding tobacco message exposure in individuals’ built environment. Through our work, we distilled five key principles for researchers aiming to design eHealth interventions for underserved groups. They are as follows: develop a strategic road map to address communication inequalities (ie, a concrete action plan to identify the barriers faced by underserved groups and customize specific solutions to each of them), engage multiple stakeholders from the beginning for the long haul, design with usability—readability and navigability—in mind, build privacy safeguards into eHealth interventions and communicate privacy–utility tradeoffs in simplicity, and strive for an optimal balance between open science aspirations and protection of underserved groups.
mHealth in the wild: A global examination of a publicly available app for depression (Preprint)
Authors: Su Langting , Anderson Page Lyn
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

The scope and impact of depression worldwide is breathtaking. Reducing the global burden of depression will require a multi-pronged approach.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to examine naturalistic user behavior of MoodTools, a publicly available, self-guided mHealth app designed to improve symptoms of depression, in a global community sample.

METHODS

Mobile analytics data was collected from all unique downloads of the Android version of MoodTools between March 1, 2016 and February 28, 2018.

RESULTS

MoodTools was used by 158,930 people from 198 countries. 51.14% of users returned to the app after initial download. The typical person used the app for 3 sessions for a total of 12 minutes over the span of 90 days. Users most often visited tools designed for self-monitoring of symptoms and for targeting a core mechanism of depressive psychopathology, negative cognitions.

CONCLUSIONS

Results suggest that there is global interest in a publicly available app for improving depression. Self-guided apps like MoodTools, therefore, could be a tool in the toolbox to address the global burden of depression. Future research is needed to determine whether people who use self-guided apps experience improvement in depressive symptoms. Given the low motivation and behavioral avoidance associated with the disorder, a key challenge for self-guided apps for depression is to engage and to retain users.

CLINICALTRIAL

none, not a trial
Systematic review and meta-analysis of smart-technology vs. face-to-face physical activity interventions in older adults (Preprint)
Authors: D'Amore Cassandra , Reid Julie C , Chan Matthew , Fan Samuel , Huang Amanda , Louie Jonathan , Tran Andy , Chauvin Stephanie , Beauchamp Marla K
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

This is a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and a meta-analysis comparing smart-technology to face-to-face physical activity (PA) interventions, in community-dwelling older adults, mean age greater than or equal 60 years.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the effect of smart-technology interventions compared to face-to-face PA interventions on PA and physical function in older adults. Our secondary outcomes were depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life.

METHODS

We searched four electronic databases from inception to February 2021. Two independent reviewers screened titles/abstracts, full texts, and performed data extraction and risk of bias assessments using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. GRADE was used to evaluate the quality of the evidence. We provided a narrative synthesis on all included studies and, where possible, we performed meta-analyses for similar outcomes.

RESULTS

19 studies with a total of 3455 patients were included. Random-effects meta-analyses showed that smart-technology interventions resulted in improved step count (mean difference 1440 steps, 95% confidence interval (CI) 500, 2390) and total PA (standardized mean difference 0.17, 95% CI 0.02, 0.32) compared to face-face interventions. The quality of the evidence for the effects of smart-technology interventions was very low based on GRADE criteria. There was no difference between groups for measures of physical function.

CONCLUSIONS

Interventions that include smart-technology may improve daily step counts by an average of 1440 steps in community dwelling older adults, however the quality of the evidence was very low. Future studies are needed to improve the certainty of results.
Accessibility and Openness to Diabetes Management Support With Mobile Phones: Survey Study of People With Type 1 Diabetes Using Advanced Diabetes Technologies (Preprint)
Authors: Lin Yu Kuei , Richardson Caroline , Dobrin Iulia , Pop-Busui Rodica , Piatt Gretchen , Piette John
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Little is known about the feasibility of mobile health (mHealth) support among people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using advanced diabetes technologies including continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems and hybrid closed-loop insulin pumps (HCLs).

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate patient access and openness to receiving mHealth diabetes support in people with T1D using CGM systems or HCLs.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional survey among patients with T1D using CGM systems or HCLs managed in an academic medical center. Participants reported information regarding their mobile device use; cellular call, SMS text message, or internet connectivity; and openness to various channels of mHealth communication (smartphone apps, SMS text messages, and interactive voice response [IVR] calls). Participants’ demographic characteristics and CGM data were collected from medical records. The analyses focused on differences in openness to mHealth and mHealth communication channels across groups defined by demographic variables and measures of glycemic control.

RESULTS

Among all participants (N=310; female: n=198, 63.9%; mean age 45, SD 16 years), 98.1% (n=304) reported active cellphone use and 80% (n=248) were receptive to receiving mHealth support to improve glucose control. Among participants receptive to mHealth support, 98% (243/248) were willing to share CGM glucose data for mHealth diabetes self-care assistance. Most (176/248, 71%) were open to receiving messages via apps, 56% (139/248) were open to SMS text messages, and 12.1% (30/248) were open to IVR calls. Older participants were more likely to prefer SMS text messages (P=.009) and IVR calls (P=.03) than younger participants.

CONCLUSIONS

Most people with T1D who use advanced diabetes technologies have access to cell phones and are receptive to receiving mHealth support to improve diabetes control.
An examination of the quality of late-life depression websites on the Internet (Preprint)
Authors: Pryor Teaghan , Reynolds Kristin , Kirby Paige , Bernstein Matthew
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

The Internet can increase the accessibility of mental health information and improve the mental health literacy of older adults. The quality of mental health information on the Internet can be inaccurate or biased, leading to misinformation

OBJECTIVE

This study’s objectives were to evaluate the quality, usability, and readability of websites providing information concerning depression in later life.

METHODS

Websites were identified through a Google search, and evaluated by assessing quality (DISCERN), usability (Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool; PEMAT) and readability (Simple Measure of Gobbledygook; SMOG).

RESULTS

The overall quality of late-life depression websites (N = 19) was moderate, usability was low, and readability was poor. No significant relationship was found between quality and readability of websites.

CONCLUSIONS

Websites can be improved by enhancing information quality, usability, and readability related to late-life depression. The use of high-quality websites may improve mental health literacy and shared treatment decision-making for older adults.
Multitask Learning With Recurrent Neural Networks for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Prediction Using Only Electronic Health Record Data: Model Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lam Carson , Thapa Rahul , Maharjan Jenish , Rahmani Keyvan , Tso Chak Foon , Singh Navan Preet , Casie Chetty Satish , Mao Qingqing
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a condition that is often considered to have broad and subjective diagnostic criteria and is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Early and accurate prediction of ARDS and related conditions such as hypoxemia and sepsis could allow timely administration of therapies, leading to improved patient outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to perform an exploration of how multilabel classification in the clinical setting can take advantage of the underlying dependencies between ARDS and related conditions to improve early prediction of ARDS in patients.

METHODS

The electronic health record data set included 40,703 patient encounters from 7 hospitals from April 20, 2018, to March 17, 2021. A recurrent neural network (RNN) was trained using data from 5 hospitals, and external validation was conducted on data from 2 hospitals. In addition to ARDS, 12 target labels for related conditions such as sepsis, hypoxemia, and COVID-19 were used to train the model to classify a total of 13 outputs. As a comparator, XGBoost models were developed for each of the 13 target labels. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Heat maps to visualize attention scores were generated to provide interpretability to the neural networks. Finally, cluster analysis was performed to identify potential phenotypic subgroups of patients with ARDS.

RESULTS

The single RNN model trained to classify 13 outputs outperformed the individual XGBoost models for ARDS prediction, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.842 on the external test sets. Models trained on an increasing number of tasks resulted in improved performance. Earlier prediction of ARDS nearly doubled the rate of in-hospital survival. Cluster analysis revealed distinct ARDS subgroups, some of which had similar mortality rates but different clinical presentations.

CONCLUSIONS

The RNN model presented in this paper can be used as an early warning system to stratify patients who are at risk of developing one of the multiple risk outcomes, hence providing practitioners with the means to take early action.
Automated Intraoperative Short Messaging Service Updates: Quality Improvement Initiative to Relieve Caregivers’ Worries (Preprint)
Authors: Mignault Alexandre , Tchouaket Nguemeleu Éric , Robins Stephanie , Maillet Éric , Matetsa Edwige , Dupuis Stéphane
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Undergoing a surgical procedure is anxiety provoking for patients and their caregivers. During the intraoperative period, caregivers seek out informational updates from health care professionals, a situation complicated by COVID-19 health measures that require caregivers to wait outside the hospital. Short messaging service (SMS)-based communication that allows caregivers to follow their loved ones through surgery has shown promise in relieving anxiety and improving satisfaction with overall care. This form of communication is also well accepted by health care professionals and may be effective at relieving staff burden.

OBJECTIVE

Here, we describe a quality improvement initiative of a standardized and integrated intraoperative SMS-based system to improve communication between surgical teams and caregivers. The main goal was to improve satisfaction with care, while the secondary goal was to reduce caregiver anxiety.

METHODS

The initiative followed the framework of the Model for Improvement. A large tertiary care hospital offered the SMS to caregivers who were waiting for loved ones undergoing surgery. SMS messages were integrated into the clinical information system software and sent at key points during the surgical journey to phone numbers provided by caregivers. A satisfaction survey was sent to caregivers 1 business day after surgery. Data were collected between February 16 and July 14, 2021.

RESULTS

Of the 8129 surgeries scheduled, caregivers waiting for 6149 (75.6%) surgeries agreed to receive SMS messages. A total of 34,129 messages were sent. The satisfaction survey was completed by 2088 (34%) of the 6149 caregivers. Satisfaction with messages was high, with the majority of respondents reporting that the messages received were adequate (1476/2085, 70.8%), clear (1545/2077, 74.4%), informative (1488/2078, 71.6%), and met their needs (1234/2077, 59.4%). The overall satisfaction score was high (4.5 out of 5), and caregivers reported that receiving text messages resulted in a reduction in anxiety (score=8.2 out of 10). Technical errors were reported by 69 (3.3%) caregivers. Suggestions for improvements included having messages sent more often; providing greater patient details, including the patient’s health status; and the service being offered in other languages.

CONCLUSIONS

This digital health initiative provided SMS messages that were systematically sent to caregivers waiting for their loved ones undergoing surgery, just as COVID-19 restrictions began preventing waiting onsite. The messages were used across 15 surgical specialties and have since been implemented hospital-wide. Digital health care innovations have the capacity to improve family-centered communication; what patients and their families find useful and appreciate will ultimately determine their success.
La intención emprendedora universitaria: una perspectiva de género en Querétaro
Authors: Brown-Grossman Flor , Demier Michael , López Muñoz Selene María
Published: January 2022

Se analizaron los diferentes factores que inciden en la intención emprendedora dehombres y mujeres. A partir de una encuesta aplicada al alumnado de la UniversidadAutónoma de Querétaro, se construyeron variables con un análisis factorial que, junto con las características demográficas del alumnado, se estimó un modelo Logit. Los resultados destacaron que las mujeres poseen menos probabilidades de emprender que los hombres. Otras divergencias fueron el “nivel de la carrera”, “características personales empresariales”, “presencia de empresarios en la familia” y “acceso al financiamiento”. Estos hallazgos muestran la necesidad de diseñar políticas públicas que fomenten el emprendimiento en mujeres.
Evaluation of administration and use of antihypertensive drugs in severe preeclampsia patients at X General Hospital in Jakarta
Authors: Simatupang Abraham , Ida Bagus Sutha Dwipajaya
Published: January 2022

The high number of maternal mortality rate (MMR) is still a problem in Indonesia. Three ethyologies of maternal death are infection (12%), hypertension in pregnancy (25%) and bleeding (30%). Pre-eclampsia as a form of hypertension during pregnancy requires antihypertensive drug therapy. Rationality assessment for any kinds of pharmacotherapy is based on the right indication, the right medicine, the right patient, and the right dose. The main indication for antihypertensive medication in pregnancy is applied to the mother’s in preventing cerebrovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics, patterns and accuracy of the administration and use of antihypertensive drugs in patients with severe preeclampsia at X General Hospital in Jakarta in 2018. It was a non-experimental study with a descriptive and retrospective design using medical records. Administration and use of antihypertensive drugs in patients with severe preeclampsia at the X General Hospital in Jakarta showed 91.9% right indication, 86.72% right drug, 96.9% right patient and only 5.26% right dose with 4.0% accuracy of rational administration and use of drugs. In conclusion, the right dose in the management of patients with severe preeclampsia in X General Hospital in Jakarta is still low. Further training and close monitoring and evaluation on the rational use of antihypertension in severe preeclampsia is needed.
Antiplasmodial activity of faloak bark (Sterculia quadrifida, R.Br.) extract from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Tenda Priska Ernestina , Hilaria Maria , Ramadani Arba Pramundita
Published: January 2022

The current development of antimalarial drug resistance encourages researchers to discover  and develop novel antimalarials. One of its alternatives for antimalarial discovery is using medicinal plants remembering the success of artemisinin. Sterculia quardrifida R. Br. bark, locally name as faloak, is an endemic medicinal plant from East Nusa Tenggara that has been used traditionally to treat malaria. However, its antimalarial activity has not been investigated, yet. This study was aimed to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of ethanolic extract of faloak bark against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Using FCR-3 P. falciparum strain, the ethanolic extract was evaluated on various concentration (1, 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL, respectively). The IC50 value was determined by the relationship between concentration and percentage of growth inhibition. The result showed that the percentage of inhibition of P. falciparum was concentration dependent, higher concentration resulting on higher percentage of inhibition with the IC50 42.399 ± 9.517 μg/mL. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of faloak bark have moderate antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum in vitro.