bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Pengurus Pondok Pesantren Dalam Membina Kedisiplinan Belajar Santri
Authors: Bahtiar Yuyun , Syaifuddin Maskur , Khasibah Nur
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pengelolaan pondok pesantren, disiplin belajar santri di pondok pesantren Al-Hadi II Tambakberas Jombang dan faktor pendukung dan penghambat pondok pesantren dalam mendorong disiplin belajar. Metode penelitian kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini karena data yang dikumpulkan berupa kata-kata. Untuk memperoleh data yang diperlukan, peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yang meliputi observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data kemudian diperiksa dengan menambahkan persistensi dan triangulasi. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang strategi pengelolaan pondok pesantren dalam mendorong disiplin belajar santri dalam hal ini menitikberatkan pada strategi pengelolaan pondok pesantren yang pertama. starategi pengurus pondok pesantren: 1. santri harus mahir dalam berperilaku disiplin 2. nasehat dan teguran 3. pemberian motivasi, kedua kedisiplinan belajar santri: 1. kegiatan diniyah, 2. pembelajaran muhadaroh, 3. ceramah kajian, 4. kegiatan belajar tahfiz, 5. kegiatan sholat berjamaah, ketiga faktor pendukung: 1. semua Santri tinggal di asrama, 2. pengurus yang memadai, 3. aturan dan sanksi yang jelas, sedangkan faktor penghambatnya: 1. kurangnya sarana dan prasarana, 2. karena beberapa pengurus tinggal jauh dari pesantren. Maka dapat dikatakan bahwa strategi pengurus pondok pesantren dalam mendorong kedisiplinan santri sangat disiplin dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pondok pesantren.
Perceptions and Attitudes toward Staff Training Practices among Employees in Public Organizations in Tanzania: A Case Study of the Higher Education Students' Loans Board Headquarters in Dar es Salaam
Authors: Mohamedi Fatuma , Mtey Kanty P.F.
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the less well-known perceptions and attitudes regarding staff training practices among employees of public organizations in Tanzania. The study, conducted at the Higher Education Students’ Loans Board (HESLB) Dar es Salaam Office, aimed to address three specific objectives: first, to examine the perceived roles of staff training practices among public organization employees; second, to assess employees’ attitudes toward these training practices; and third, to identify factors affecting the implementation of staff training practices in the study area. Utilizing a descriptive research design, data was collected from sixty (60) respondents through observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The study, guided by Human Capital Theory, revealed that the perceived roles of staff training practices included managing the risk of asset loss, ensuring reasonable job assurance, restructuring for future growth, compliance with laws and regulations, achieving organizational objectives, building a resilient competitive environment, ensuring financial reliability, and enhancing stakeholder value. The target population comprised 289 employees of HESLB, including both higher officials and regular employees. A simple random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 60 employees, representing approximately 5% of the total population, with 30 employees from each of the two selected departments: the Department of Administration and Human Resources and the Department of Loan Repayment and Recovery. Data analysis involved both quantitative and qualitative methods, with quantitative data analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis through SPSS software and qualitative data analyzed via thematic analysis. The study concluded that the majority of respondents viewed staff training practices as extremely useful and identified several individual, institutional, and economic factors influencing their implementation. Based on these findings, the study recommends that both private and public organizations regularly conduct human resources training and development practices to enable employees to continuously and effectively contribute to organizational performance and productivity.
Perceptions of English Reading Attitude Among Students in Selected Public Upper Secondary Schools in Kicukiro and Rwamagana, Rwanda
Authors: Niyokwanza Epaphrodite , Ngoboka Jean Paul , Niyibizi Epimaque
Published: September 2024

Reading plays a crucial role in Second Language education, for it provides exposure to the target language in and beyond educational settings. Studies have indicated that students’ reading volume is closely associated with their reading attitude as the latter informs reading optimization for academic and recreational purposes. Informed by the theory of reasoned action (TRA), this survey aimed at exploring the perceptions of the English reading attitude of students. Based on the descriptive survey design and mixed-methods approach, an attitudinal questionnaire and interviews were used to collect data. The target population in this survey consisted of 921 students enrolled in 4 selected public upper secondary schools in Kicukiro and Rwamagana, Rwanda, academic year 2022-2023. Of these, a sample of 184 (91 males and 93 females) was randomly drawn to answer questionnaire items. Additionally, four teachers of English were selected for an interview. Purposive sampling was employed in this selection. While the data from returned questionnaires were processed using Excel and analysed through visualization, data from interviews were analysed using quick impressionist summary. The findings indicated that the English reading attitude of these students is fairly good. These findings may help ESL practitioners and stakeholders to improve students’ English reading at this level of education to enhance English proficiency among educated Rwandans. This study concludes that these students risked turning themselves into alliterates, with repercussions on their English language proficiency and professional development. The study recommends that adequate steps be taken at the individual and institutional levels to enhance students’ English reading attitude in a view of turning them into avid readers and lifelong learners.
RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA SOBRE AUTONOMIA DOS BEBÊS E CRIANÇAS BEM PEQUENAS
Authors: Fonseca Edenil Ferreira Dias , Ferreira Flaviane e Faria Caetano
Published: September 2024

A Educação Infantil no Brasil é marcada pela dualidade cuidar e educar. Esta dualidade é ainda mais evidente no cotidiano do berçário, pois bebês têm necessidades e demandam das educadoras práticas além do que é considerado educacional. O relato de experiência conta com narração de situações vividas e que temos de experiência de práticas, para serem compartilhadas com os interessados por Educação, pois há descrição e análise de experiências vividas na sala de bebês de um ano, entrelaçadas com as teorias adotadas que permeiam nossas práticas. É relatado também a forma como os bebês ingressam no mundo da matemática de maneira singular utilizando o seu próprio corpo nas suas movimentações sobre os espaços.
Ozone anomalies over the polar regions during stratospheric warming events
Authors: Shi Guochun , Krochin Witali , Sauvageat Eric , Stober Gunter
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The impact of major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events and early final stratospheric warming (FSW) events on ozone variations in the middle atmosphere in the Arctic is investigated by performing microwave radiometer measurements above Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79° N, 12° E), with GROMOS-C (GRound-based Ozone MOnitoring System for Campaigns). The retrieved daily ozone profiles during SSW and FSW events in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere at 20–70 km from microwave observations are cross-compared to MERRA-2 (Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2) and MLS (Microwave Limb Sounder). The vertically resolved structures of polar ozone anomalies relative to the climatologies derived from GROMOS-C, MERRA-2, and MLS shed light on the consistent pattern in the evolution of ozone anomalies during both types of events. For SSW events, ozone anomalies are positive at all altitudes within 30 d after onset, followed by negative anomalies descending in the middle stratosphere. However, positive anomalies in the middle and lower stratosphere and negative anomalies in the upper stratosphere at onset are followed by negative anomalies in the middle stratosphere and positive anomalies in the upper stratosphere during FSW events. Here, we compare results by leveraging the ozone continuity equation with meteorological fields from MERRA-2 and directly using MERRA-2 ozone tendency products to quantify the impact of dynamical and chemical processes on ozone anomalies during SSW and FSW events. We document the underlying dynamical and chemical mechanisms that are responsible for the observed ozone anomalies in the entire life cycle of SSW and FSW events. Polar ozone anomalies in the lower and middle stratosphere undergo a rapid and long-lasting increase of more than 1 ppmv close to SSW onset, which is attributed to the dynamical processes of the horizontal eddy effect and vertical advection. The pattern of ozone anomalies for FSW events is associated with the combined effects of dynamical and chemical terms, which reflect the photochemical processes counteracted partially by positive horizontal eddy transport, in particular in the middle stratosphere. In addition, we find that the variability in polar total column ozone (TCO) is associated with horizontal eddy transport and vertical advection of ozone in the lower stratosphere. This study enhances our understanding of the mechanisms that control changes in polar ozone during the life cycle of SSW and FSW events, providing a new aspect of quantitative analysis of dynamical and chemical fields.
Evolution of oxygen and stratification and their relationship in the North Pacific Ocean in CMIP6 Earth system models
Authors: Novi Lyuba , Bracco Annalisa , Ito Takamitsu , Takano Yohei
Published: September 2024

Abstract. This study examines the linkages between the upper-ocean (0–200 m) oxygen (O2) content and stratification in the North Pacific Ocean using four Earth system models (ESMs), an ocean hindcast simulation, and an ocean reanalysis. The trends and variability in oceanic O2 content are driven by the imbalance between physical supply and biological demand. Physical supply is primarily controlled by ocean ventilation, which is responsible for the transport of O2-rich surface waters to the subsurface. Isopycnic potential vorticity (IPV), a quasi-conservative tracer proportional to density stratification that can be evaluated from temperature and salinity measurements, is used herein as a dynamical proxy for ocean ventilation. The predictability potential of the IPV field is evaluated through its information entropy. The results highlight a strong O2–IPV connection and somewhat higher (as compared to the rest of the basin) predictability potential for IPV across the tropical Pacific, where the El Niño–Southern Oscillation occurs. This pattern of higher predictability and strong anticorrelation between O2 and stratification is robust across multiple models and datasets. In contrast, IPV at mid-latitudes has low predictability potential and its center of action differs from that of O2. In addition, the locations of extreme events or hotspots may or may not differ between the two fields, with a strong model dependency, which persists in future projections. On the one hand, these results suggest that it may be possible to monitor ocean O2 in the tropical Pacific based on a few observational sites co-located with the more abundant IPV measurements; on the other, they lead us to question the robustness of the IPV–O2 relationship in the extratropics. The proposed framework helps to characterize and interpret O2 variability in relation to physical variability and may be especially useful in the analysis of new observation-based data products derived from the BGC-Argo float array in combination with the traditional but far more abundant Argo data.
TEXT Poetry, Prose & Script Oct 2020
Authors: Allen Richard James , Brooks Ned , Carbis Gayelene , Caruso Edward , Cherriman Becky , East Tara , Edmonds Phillip , Fisher Abigail , Gerrish Carolyn , Licari Rosanna , Kerrison Dean , McBride Cailean , Phillips Georgia Rose , Prendergasat Julia , Rae Lauren , Rhodes Lachie , Riveros Ariel , Simpkins Laura Grace , Stubbings Diane , West Patrick
Published: September 2024

New creative works exploring creativity, the nature and processes of writing or teaching writing.

Poetry

Richard James Allen,

Click here to allow this poem to access your location

Gayelene Carbis,

Oranges

Edward Caruso,

Potsherds

Becky Cherriman,

Christina Tissues a Script (or what my Otter app

misheard)

Abigail Fisher,

A un poema acerca del agua

Carolyn Gerrish,

Aperture

Lauren Rae,

Hemispheric March

Script

Cailean McBride,

Be Near Me (after In Memoriam)

Prose

Julia Prendergast,

Mothwebs, spinners, orange

Patrick West,

Pauline

Laura Grace Simpkins,

Vanilla

Phillip Edmonds,

Giving it away

Rosanna Licari,

Fiona and the fish

Georgia Rose Phillips,

On the Obfuscations of Language

Diane Stubbings,

From Variation for three voices on a letter to nature

Ariel Riveros,

Planetary Nephology Calendar App

Dean Kerrison,

2 stories

Lachie Rhodes,

The Silver Locket

Tara East,

Story Monster

Ned Brooks,

This is Not a Film
TEXT Poetry and Prose Oct 2019
Authors: Fisher Jeremy , Nash Peter , Melick Tom , Maller Gershon , Nash Peter , Ross Conor , Smith Ian , Vulcan Julie , Wakelin Oliver
Published: September 2024

Jeremy Fisher, When ‘I’ is me: an author in search of his character

Ian Smith, 2 prose poems

Tom Melick, Notes from a Residency

Gershon Maller, 2 sonnets about poetry

Oliver Wakelin, North

Julie Vulcan, Dark Arts: Keeping Company with Witch’s Eggs and Devil’s Fingers

Peter Nash, And the process perplexed them

Conor Ross, The Imp in Imperfection
TEXT Prose April 2021
Authors: Downing Jane , Green Stephanie , Kerrison Dean , Lazaroff Tamara , Jain Jinendra , Kadmos Helena , Philllips Georgia Rose , Prendergast Julia , Raynes Cameron
Published: September 2024

New stories exploring creativity, or the nature and processes of writing or teaching writing.

Jane Downing, The Raven and the Writing Desk

Stephanie Green, An Unforgettable Dining Experience

Jinendra Jain, See Like a Child; Think Like an Adult: Creating Space between Perception and

Thought

Helena Kadmos, Pockets

Dean Kerrison, Occupied

Tamara Lazaroff, Not A Story But An Exchange

Georgia Rose Phillips, The RRP of Narrative

Julia Prendergast, 2 stories

Cameron Raynes, Dog Rock
Özgül Fobide BDT Terapisi Üzerine Derleme
Authors: Yıldız Sinem
Published: September 2024

The aim of this systematic review study is to examine the use of CBT in in dividuals with specificphobia. In this research, systematic compilation method was used and although it is not a field study, it does not contain any scale. Studies in Turkish and English were discussed and these studies cover research conducted between 2014-2024. These researches consist of academic studies on thesubject. This compilation study was repeated in two stages, in February, 2024 and May, 2024. 8 research articles were included in this study as a result of the literature review. As a result of these 8 studies examined, it was seen that CBT is a therapy method that increases clients' adaptation to therapy and accelerates thei rrecovery, and is an effective method in terms of achieving results in a short time. It was concluded that after CBT was applied to individuals with specific phobia, the symptoms mostly decreased or even disappeared. Therefore, CBT is an appropriate and effective method in the treatment of specificphobia. Keywords: phobia, specificphobia, cognitivebehavioraltherapy, review
Evaluation of Commercially Available Plant-based Food Serving Disposable Crockery for Quality Standards
Authors: DEVI TH. BIDYALAKSHMI , Nachiket Kotwaliwale  , R. Visvanathan
Published: September 2024

Biomass-based disposable crockery products are in high demand as an alternative to the plastic-based products considering negative effects of plastic-based products on environment. Biomass-based cutleries are being made from locally available different sources such as leaves, sheaths, straws and other plant fibres. A study was conducted to assess the quality of the biomass-based utensil product and provide the standard technical requirements of selected biomass-based disposable products. The plant-based utensils made from corn starch, sugarcane bagasse, areca, paper and Sal (Shorea robusta) leaves were selected for this study. The available standard methods such as International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI), National Standard of the People’s Republic of China, and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) were adapted, with suitable modifications wherever required, for conducting the experiment. The test included measurement of dimensional specifications, grammage, moisture content, temperature resistance test, load bearing test, high heat performance test, drop test, tensile test and three point bending rig test. The plant-based utensils were classified as very strong, strong and weak based on the strength characteristics test. The utensils made from sugarcane bagasse fall in all three categories (very strong, strong and weak), whereas areca-based lies between very strong and strong while corn starch- based fall between strong and weak category. Overall, the results showed a lot of variation in strength characteristics of biomass-based disposable crockery products. The data of this study can serve as a valuable information for manufacturers and suppliers of plant-based utensils to ensure and improve product quality while maintaining the technical standards.
DA PROFISSIONALIZAÇÃO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO PROFISSIONAL DOCENTE: EM DESTAQUE AS POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Ximenes Priscilla de Andrade Silva , Melo Geovana Ferreira , Magalhães Solange Martins Oliveira
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo é oriundo de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que objetivou compreender as diferentes acepções e uso do termo Desenvolvimento Profissional Docente no contexto das políticas educacionais, buscando desvelar as concepções que sustentam as políticas educacionais e como elas se atrelam com a formação, carreira e trabalho docente.  Para tanto, consideramos uma abordagem historicizante e crítica dos relatórios oficiais e políticas de formação docente provenientes das investidas de agências e organismos internacionais, a partir das reformas educacionais da década de 1990.  Constata-se que apesar da relação que é estabelecida entre o conceito de DPD e de profissionalização docente, o seu uso no campo das políticas educacionais brasileiras tende a desconsiderar o movimento sócio-histórico de (des)valorização profissional docente.
A POLISSEMIA EDUCACIONAL NO CONTEXTO DE GOVERNOS AUTORITÁRIOS: A EDUCAÇÃO COMO TRANSMISSORA DE IDEOLOGIAS DITATORIAIS E COMO INSTRUMENTO PARA A DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Oliveira Maria Eduarda Barros de , Santos Núbia Silva dos
Published: September 2024

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar os significados da educação sob uma concepção que diz respeito ao seu significado ambíguo em sociedades diversas, adquirindo a conclusão de que sua instrumentalização pode, por um lado, auxiliar na concretização de regimes autoritários, e por outro, ser um forte armamento no combate a ameaças antidemocráticas. Dessa forma, o estudo construído tem como principais objetivos abordar a importância da educação nas estruturas sociais e na construção de seus cidadãos, além de analisar os padrões vinculados a governos ditatoriais sob uma perspectiva pedagógica. Os sinais e a forma como os Estados autoritários costumam efetuar esse controle educacional também foram analisados sob uma perspectiva crítica que se baseia em fatos históricos antecedentes, como a Ditadura Militar de 64. Sendo assim, foi utilizado o método qualitativo por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, buscando delinear a temática em diálogo com autores que abordaram temas referentes à democracia e o autoritarismo, além de um aprofundamento histórico buscando relacionar aspectos similares em períodos ditatoriais.
O GOLPE MILITAR E A UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DA GUANABARA (UEG)1: MEMÓRIA NECESSÁRIA
Authors: Mancebo Deise
Published: September 2024

O artigo apresenta as relações que se estabeleceram entre a Universidade do Estado da Guanabara (UEG) e a ditadura militar implantada no país, em 1964. Para tal, foi realizada uma investigação que contemplou pesquisa bibliográfica, análise de fontes documentais e consulta a entrevistas anteriormente realizadas. O texto compõe-se de quatro partes: (1) inicia com uma breve análise do golpe militar, de seus impactos para o país, bem como das resistências ocorridas; (2) em seguida, analisa como esse contexto se desenvolveu na UEG, contemplando uma análise do movimento estudantil e das políticas produzidas para seu enfrentamento; (3) conclui, indicando as boas relações que se estabeleceram entre militares e dirigentes universitários, apresentando algumas parcerias realizadas e (4) por fim, destaca a importância do resgate da memória para a própria sustentação da democracia brasileira.
Interpretasi Masa Daluwarsa Pengaduan Nasabah pada Pialang Berjangka
Authors: Yusriansyah  , Sinaga Niru Anita
Published: September 2024

Angka pengaduan nasabah terhadap pialang berjangka terus meningkat setiap tahun, dengan rata-rata pengaduan terkait peristiwa hukum yang terjadi 4-5 tahun sebelumnya. Namun, penyelesaian pengaduan tersebut tidak sebanding dengan jumlahnya, sementara peraturan yang ada belum mengatur batas waktu daluwarsa pengaduan nasabah. Kondisi ini menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum bagi pelaku usaha dan nasabah. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, pialang berjangka berinisiatif melibatkan Bursa Berjangka, Bappebti, Lembaga Ombudsman, serta praktisi dan akademisi hukum guna menafsirkan hukum terkait masa daluwarsa pengaduan nasabah.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami interpretasi masa daluwarsa pengaduan nasabah pada pialang berjangka dan urgensinya dalam perdagangan berjangka komoditi. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konsep, kasus, dan komparatif. Data diperoleh dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier melalui studi kepustakaan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Masa daluwarsa pengaduan nasabah dapat diatur berdasarkan syarat formil dan materiil, dengan pengaduan diajukan maksimal 2 tahun setelah peristiwa terjadi. (2) Terdapat kebutuhan mendesak untuk mengatur masa daluwarsa pengaduan dalam peraturan Bappebti, termasuk perubahan Peraturan No. 4 Tahun 2020 tentang Pedoman Penyelesaian Perselisihan Nasabah.
LEXICOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION OF LINGUISTIC TERMS
Authors:   KIMEP University, Azamatova Ariya , Akhmetbekova Assel ,   Astana IT University
Published: September 2024

The article defines the development trends of modern lexicography in the field of systematization and unification of linguistic terminology, as well as the principles of selection and the features of describing the semantics of linguistic terms in specialized (industry-specific) dictionaries in Russian and English. The tasks associated with a comprehensive description of the terminological system of linguistics require the use of general scientific and proper linguistic research methods, such as a comparativehistorical method, a descriptive method, and a typological one. The lexicographic and metatextual characteristics of a terminological definition are paramount when fixing the meaning of a term in a terminological dictionary. The results of the study can be used to create a balanced linguo-terminological support for the existing databank and to carry out a comparative analysis of the completeness of the lexicographic representation of linguistic terms in the dictionaries of various types. The results can also be utilized in lexicological and lexicographic practice as an additional source when compiling dictionaries of industry terminology.
THE USE OF NEWSPAPER FOR INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT OF EFL LEARNERS’1
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Khamitova Gulmira , Aubakirova Anna ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: September 2024

The present article examines the influence of a newspaper, as the main source of cultural knowledge, on the development of intercultural communicative competence of ESL learners. A series of online questionnaires was conducted to gather information about first-year students’ Britishc ulture knowledge. This included determining the type of authentic materials and the knowledge assessment test on United Kingdom culture. As a result, the digital format of the newspaper “The Times” was chosen as the authentic material to enhance students’ reading skills. The test results indicated the level of understanding of United Kingdom culture leading to the creation of a task bank comprising collaborative discussions, individual reflections, and analytical exercises. Through the implementation of a comprehensive bank of reading tasks and articles covering various aspects of UK culture, students engaged in a rewarding learning experience. The post-test results confirm the effectiveness of the intervention in enhancing students’ comprehension of UK culture and traditions.
Prevalence of Knee Osteoarthritis Among Post Menopausal Women Across Ahmedabad City
Authors: Patel Riya , M Patel Amit
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: One of the top five most incapacitating diseases that affects more than one-third of people over the age of 55, osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that is characterized by joint inflammation and a reparative bone response. It typically affects the knee. Menopause marks the termination of a woman’s menstrual cycles and involves a natural reduction in reproductive hormones. It is officially defined as occurring when 12 successive months have elapsed since the last menstrual period. After menopause cartilage showed progressive severe degeneration suggesting estrogen deficiency and it is a risk factor of cartilage degeneration of knee joint.
METHODOLOGY: An Observational study was undertaken among 150 Post Menopausal Women between age group 45-60 years. A self-administered questionnaire, the WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index has 24 items broken down into 3 subscales: pain, stiffness, and physical function.
RESULT: Out of 150 Post Menopausal Women, there was moderate risk of developing osteoarthritis in most of the women with Mean Prevalence of 59.35%. Out of which Pain subscale was 59.6% , Morning Stiffness was 58% and Functional limitation was 59.4%.
CONCLUSION: Prevalence rate of knee OA was estimated to be 59.35% among post menopausal women. The prevalence of knee OA increased with increasing age. Suitable steps should be taken to raise an awareness related to importance of daily exercise. Adequate treatment and physiotherapy should be given to manage pain, maintain mobility and minimize disability.

Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Womac, Postmenopausal women, Pain, Stiffness, Physical function
Prevalence of Back Pain Affecting Daily Activities in Middle Aged Desktop Workers of Ahmedabad City
Authors: S. Zalavadia Dhruvi , M. Patel Amit
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Back pain is a common issue among desktop workers, impacting daily activities for many. It often arises from prolonged periods of sitting, poor posture and inadequate ergonomic setups.
INTRODUCTION: The rise of computer-centric occupations has ushered in an era where back pain permeates the daily lives of professionals. This can lead to muscle imbalances, stiffness and strain on the spine. Inadequate breaks, limited physical activity and repetitive nature of certain tasks further contribute to the issues, impacting overall well-being and productivity. Thus, the purpose of this study is to find out the prevalence of back pain affecting daily activities of desktop workers of Ahmedabad city.
METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional study was conducted among desktop workers of Ahmedabad city. A survey of 250 individuals, both male and female of age group 30-50 years was conducted using OSWESTRY DISABILITY INDEX. Participants were selected according to inclusion criteria and were made to fill Oswestry low back disability questionnaire through Google forms.
RESULT: The data examination was performed with Microsoft Excel 2010. The overall distribution of ODI scores was 37.6% No Disability, 30.4% Mild Disability, 22.4% Moderate Disability, 7.6% Severe Disability and 2% Complete Disability.
CONCLUSION: There is a prevalence of back pain affecting desktop workers of Ahmedabad city.

Keywords: Desktop workers, back pain, daily activities, Oswestry Disability Index. Desktop workers, back pain, daily activities, Oswestry Disability Index.
Evaluation of Oral Health Status in 5-Year-Old Children in Sangareddy: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: M Sridhar. , Krishna K. Bhagyasri , Shaik Naseemoon
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND/AIM: Children play a pivotal role in the present and future of the nation. Therefore, understanding the oral health status and treatment requirements of children is imperative. Given the limited information available on children’s oral health, this study focuses oral health status of 5-year -old children in Sanga Reddy schools. To evaluate caries prevalence, gingival status, dental erosion and dental fluorosis in 5-year - old children in Sanga Reddy.
METHODOLOGY: A total of 1000 students were randomly selected from schools in Sanga Reddy, and oral health status was evaluated using the modified WHO oral health assessment form in 2013.
RESULTS: The result revealed a 68% prevalence of caries., and several other findings like dental fluorosis, gingival bleeding and dental erosion are seen.
CONCLUSION: The study concludes that oral health status among 5 -year -old school going children in Sanga Reddy was poor, with a caries prevalence of 68 percent. This reflects oral health neglect among children, and there is an urgent need for an increase in awareness among parents and children.

Keywords: Oral health status, dental caries, dental fluorosis, gingival bleeding, dental erosion.
Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Tigga Pratistha , Kumar Susan
Published: September 2024

oday, stroke is a major global health burden that contributes to mortality and continues to be a cause of both long-term impairment and death (as determined by disability adjusted life years) {GBD 2019 stroke collaborators} Aiming to improve a stroke patient's physical, emotional, behavioral, and cognitive functioning, stroke rehabilitation is a dynamic, goal-oriented procedure. ADLs, or activities of daily living, are disrupted and survivors of stroke must continue living their lives with persistent physical impairment. Neurological, muscular, sensory, cognitive, perceptual, and linguistic recovery all includes after a stroke. Clinical and home-based therapy are two possible avenues for achieving stroke recovery.

Keywords: Stroke Rehabilitation, Phases of stroke recovery, Role of Nurse, Exercises.
Moringa oleifera: A Review on Medicinal properties and their Commercial Applications
Authors: Sejal Navnath Nawale
Published: September 2024

Known by many as the “tree of life” or the “miracle tree,” Moringa oleifera is a remarkable herbal plant with a wide range of therapeutic and non-medicinal effects. Historically, M. oleifera has been used to treat a wide range of illnesses, including cancer, heart disease, liver disease, ulcers, pain, and inflammation. Pharmacological investigations have validated the hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties present in extracts obtained from different sections of the Moringa oleifera plant. Remarkably, more than a hundred chemicals have been described thus far, and bioactive components have been found in every portion of the plant. Among other things, the plant has high concentrations of alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, vitamins, glycosides, and terpenes. Furthermore, strong hepatoprotective, anticancer, antihypertensive, antioxidant, and nutritional properties have been revealed by the discovery of unique compounds in the plant, such as muramoside A&B and niazimin A&B. This review highlights the long-standing and noteworthy benefits of moringa, exploring its pharmacological properties, phytopharmaceutical formulations, clinical assessments, toxicity profile, and other uses. In order to encourage additional study, it also seeks to clarify the plant’s economic and phytopharmaceutical uses. The review notes that despite this thorough examination, many traditional use of moringa remain untested by science. As a result, the study recommends more investigation to decipher the plant’s physiological processes with the goal of identifying and isolating the active or cooperative chemicals responsible for its therapeutic qualities.
Quantitative Estimation of Flavonoid Quercetin from Borassus flabellifer (L) Germinated Sprout using Validated HPTLC Method
Authors: Majumder Susmita , Saha Prerona
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Borassus flabellifer L. known as Tal in West Bengal belongs to the Arecaceae family. In the present experiment, we used the endosperm part (germinated sprout). The edible sprout part is a familiar food of the people. However, its flavonoid profiling is not yet reported. Aim: This study aimed to explore the presence of quercetin and its quantitative analysis in the endosperm of Borassus flabellifer. Method: TLC was carried out with an established solvent system toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (5:4:0.2, v/v/v), to detect quercetin. A validated HPTLC method was devolved by using silica gel plates with the established solvent system used in TLC.HPTLC analysis was carried out with the same solvent system toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (5:4:0.2, v/v/v). Quantitative estimation was done from the AUC obtained in the plot. Results: The method was confirmed to be specific, and accurate across different measurements. Recovery studies showed recovery 108.50 with RSD (relative standard deviation) % 0.84 of quercetin is retrieved accurately. The germinated sprout was found 0.98mg/100g of quercetin. Conclusion: The HPTLC is an efficient and sensitive tool for the analysis of quercetin in the sample extracts in available products. This is the first-ever described method for this specific purpose, potentially paving the way for quality control and standardization of herbal products of B. flabellifer.
Nutraceuticals: Regulatory Landscape, Clinical Evidence, Challenges, Nutrivigilance in India
Authors: Lam Alekhya. , Lukalapu Priyanka , Kusuma Latha Lidiya , Chegudi Chegudi , Vemireddy Madhav.
Published: September 2024

Nutraceuticals are the nutrient-dense, physiologically active ingredients that combine the best aspects of diet and medicine to support optimal health and benefits. Nutraceutical product safety, efficacy, and quality requirements are set by regulatory authorities the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), and the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). The rapidly expanding nutraceutical market in India is expected to increase, but producing strong clinical data and managing the regulatory environment will be difficult tasks. Clinical evidence supporting health claims for nutraceuticals is still lacking, despite regulatory control, hence thorough clinical trials are required. To guarantee the validity of trial results, issues such as participant compliance, safety concerns, complex study designs, and standardization of dosage must be resolved. Furthermore, the implementation of strong nutrivigilance systems is essential for post-market monitoring and the detection of unfavorable incidents. This review article focuses on the rules, situation, difficulties, safety, and effectiveness aspects of nutraceuticals.
A Brief Overview of Boswellia serrata a Potential Herbal Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: S. Sakhare Ram , N. Kulkarni Pandharish , V. Puskar Purva , B. Bhatane Rajeshwar , N. Baramade Krushna , D. Vibhute Diksha
Published: September 2024

Herbal medicine has gained significant global importance, not only as a form of medicine but also as an economic factor. Although the utilization of herbal medicines has witnessed a surge, questions persist about their consistency, safety, and efficacy in different regions. Boswellic acid (BA) represents one of the active constituents extracted from the Boswellia serrata plant, which belongs to the Burseraceae family. The oleoresin gum derived from this plant is known by various names, including Salai guggul, Indian olibanum or Indian frankincense. The active constituents exhibit diverse biological activities, including antidiuretic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. This review aims to provide updated information about Boswellia serrata, its traditional medicinal uses preliminary phytochemical investigation, and pharmacological effects.
Traditional uses of some indigenous plants as medicine by Sundarbans’ people in West Bengal
Authors:   Department of Education, CDOE, The University of Burdwan, India, Das Somnath , Bondopadhyay Subhobrata ,   Raiganj University, West Bengal, India.
Published: September 2024

Out of 45,000 plant species in India, more than 4,000 are known to be herbs. In Sundarbans, this number is more than a hundred. Trees, herbs and shrubs have been used for various ailments. In most cases, the long-term adverse reactions have forced the entire world today to look for ways to survive by searching for the herbal plants scattered in the forests and the knowledge accumulated over centuries of experience through application. In search of even though there is an advanced medical system available today, the people of Sundarbans have not lost their faith in the traditional herbs that have been passed down from generation to generation. People here lead their lives through hard struggles. They get benefits by using raw plant parts traditionally during illness. In many cases, plants are used as traditional medicine and are more effective than modern medicine, according to the local healer of Sundarbans. In this chapter, the scientific and vernacular names of some of the medicinal plants of Sunderbans, plants part, traditional uses & method of uses in particular disease for curing their daily health problems are elaborately described.
DNA barcoding and medicinal plants
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Chandernagore College, Chandernagore, Hooghly, West Bengal, India, Roy Moulik Sujata
Published: September 2024

Medicinal plants are used in several societies. It has been practiced worldwide for centuries to use herbs for maintaining a healthy life, especially for chronic diseases. Now a days, people from developed countries are also increasingly using traditional medicine as an alternative or alongside modern medicines. The medicinal plants to be used must be correctly identified for our safety. For a long time, expert botanists have identified medicinal plants based on morphological characteristics, and analytical techniques have been used to determine their quality. But neither morphological features nor previous analytical methods can easily identify closely related species and in cases involving powders or processed products obtained from plants, it is difficult to identify adulteration. DNA barcoding is an emerging molecular identification and classification technology that has been applied to medicinal plants since 2008. The application of this technique has greatly ensured the safety and effectiveness of medicinal materials. From single locus-based DNA barcodes to combined markers to genome-scale levels, DNA barcodes contribute more and more genetic information. At the same time, other technologies, such as high-resolution melting (HRM), have been combined with DNA barcoding. With the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS), metabarcoding technology has also been shown to successfully identify species in mixed samples. As a widely used and effective tool, DNA barcoding will become more useful over time in the field of medicinal plants.
The genetic and ecological landscape of plasmids in the human gut
Authors: Yu Michael
Published: September 2024

Plasmids are mobile genetic elements that often carry key determinants of fitness, yet their diversity in natural systems is poorly understood. Here we trained a machine learning model on reference genomes to recognize the genetic architecture of plasmids. We applied our model to a global collection of human gut metagenomes to identify 68,350 non-redundant plasmids, which represent a 200-fold increase in the number of detectable plasmids in the human gut. This broad view of plasmid diversity revealed 1,169 ‘plasmid systems’, an evolutionary phenomenon where a backbone sequence with core plasmid functions, such as replication, is recombined with cargo functions, such as antibiotic resistance, depending on the environment. This work unearths the astonishing diversity of plasmids and provides a framework for studying their ecology and evolution.
LotuS2: An ultrafast and highly accurate tool for amplicon sequencing analysis
Authors: Ozkurt Ezgi
Published: September 2024

Amplicon sequencing is an established and cost-efficient method for profiling microbiomes. However, many available tools to process this data require both bioinformatics skills and high computational power to process big datasets. Furthermore, there are only few tools that allow for long read amplicon data analysis. To bridge this gap, we developed the LotuS2 (Less OTU Scripts 2) pipeline, enabling user-friendly, resource friendly, and versatile analysis of raw amplicon sequences. In LotuS2, six different sequence clustering algorithms as well as extensive pre- and post-processing options allow for flexible data analysis by both experts, where parameters can be fully adjusted, and novices, where defaults are provided for different scenarios. We benchmarked three independent gut and soil datasets, where LotuS2 was on average 29 times faster compared to other pipelines – yet could better reproduce the alpha- and beta-diversity of technical replicate samples. Further benchmarking a mock community with known taxa composition showed that, compared to the other pipelines, LotuS2 recovered a higher fraction of correctly identified genera and species (98% and 57%, respectively). At ASV/OTU level, precision and F-score were highest for LotuS2, as was the fraction of correctly reconstructed 16S sequences. In conclusion, LotuS2 is a lightweight and user-friendly pipeline that is fast, precise and streamlined. High data usage rates and reliability enable high-throughput microbiome analysis in minutes.
Does genome contamination compromise the GTDB taxonomy?
Authors: Hugenholtz Phil
Published: September 2024

Recently, the Bork group published a tool called GUNC (the Genome UNClutter) that detects chimerism and contamination in prokaryotic genomes. Disturbingly, they estimated that 3.2% (1009) of all species in release 95 of the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) consist entirely of contaminated genomes, which could inflate estimates of phylogenetic diversity and taxonomic novelty. We applied GUNC to the latest release of GTDB and found the situation is even worse, with 6.0% (3,958) of all species in release 207 estimated to be comprised entirely of contaminated genomes.

To address the question of whether this contamination compromises the GTDB taxonomy by inflating phylogenetic diversity, we split putative chimeric genomes into halves according to their GUNC contamination scores. We then inferred phylogenetic trees from the genome halves as per the standard GTDB workflow, i.e. based on a concatenated alignment of up to 120 single copy marker genes, to determine any changes in genus to phylum classifications between pairs of genome halves. We also subjected the genome halves to average nucleotide identity (ANI)-based analysis, which is how species are assigned in GTDB. These analyses allowed us to quantify taxonomic inflation caused by genomic contamination, and the extent to which the GTDB taxonomy has been compromised. Tune in to find out the results!
Advances in cpn60 barcoding for microbial species identification
Authors: Hill Janet
Published: September 2024

The “universal target” region of the gene encoding the 60 kDa chaperonin protein (cpn60, also known as groEL or hsp60) is a proven sequence barcode for bacteria and a useful target for marker gene amplicon-based studies of complex microbial communities. Application of cpn60 barcode sequencing is facilitated by 'universal' amplification primers and cpnDB, a manually curated reference database of cpn60 sequences. Recent developments to the cpn60 platform include demonstration that 150 bp from the 5' end of the barcode is sufficient for species level resolution of bacteria. These short sequences can be identified using established sequence classifiers (QIIME2 feature classifier and RDP classifier), making it simple to integrate cpn60 amplicon sequence identification into existing microbiome analysis pipelines, as recently demonstrated for human skin, vaginal, salivary and stool microbiomes. The purpose of this presentation is to provide a brief overview of cpn60 barcoding resources and applications, and to highlight recent research advances.

Link to OA paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s43705-023-00283-z
Longitudinal disease-associated gut microbiome differences in infants with early food allergic manifestations
Authors: Yassour Moran
Published: September 2024

Complex interactions between the gut microbiome and immune cells in infancy are thought to be part of the pathogenesis for the marked rise in pediatric allergic diseases, particularly food allergies. Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) is commonly the earliest recognized non-IgE-mediated food allergy in infancy and is associated with atopic dermatitis and subsequent IgE-mediated food allergy later in childhood. Yet, a large prospective longitudinal study of the microbiome of infants with FPIAP (including samples prior to symptom onset) has not been done. Here we analyzed 954 longitudinal samples from 160 infants in a nested case-control study (81 who developed FPIAP, and 79 matched controls) from 1 week to 1 year of age by 16S rRNA ribosomal gene sequencing as part of the Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Allergic Proctocolitis (GMAP) Study. We confirmed that vaginally delivered infants had a greater abundance of Bacteroides, infants who received any breast milk had a greater abundance of Bifidobacterium, and that overall bacterial richness rose over the first year. We found key differences in the microbiome of infants with FPIAP, most strongly a higher abundance of a genus of Enterobacteriaceae and a lower abundance of a family of Clostridiales during the symptomatic period, as well as other key taxonomic differences across symptom states including prior to symptom onset. This study contributes to the larger body of literature examining structural development of the early life gut microbiome and provides a foundation for more mechanistic investigation into the pathogenesis and microbial effects on FPIAP and subsequent food allergic diseases in childhood.