bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rancang Bangun Kompor Induksi Menggunakan Zero voltage switching Low Power
Authors: Lestari Rizca Tri , Al-Azhar Gillang , Sungkono Sungkono
Published: January 2025

Kompor induksi dinilai dapat mengurangi penggunaan energi fosil yang berlebih. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan zero voltage switching yang digunakan sebagai driver transformator flyback yang mengubah arus listrik DC menjadi arus AC berfrekuensi tinngi. Dengan menggunakan sensor suhu PT100 yang terhubung dengan Arduino UNO untuk membaca besaran suhu yang diinginkan dan dikontrol dengan metode kontrol PID. Untuk mencapai nilai setpoint yang diinginkan maka digunakan kontrol PID dimana untuk menentukan parameter nilai Kp, Ki, dan Kd digunakan metode Ziegler-Nichols 1 dan Trial and error dengan nilai Kp, Ki, dan Kd dari metode Ziegler-Nichols 1 sebagai nilai acuan. Dari hasil 2 pengujian metode didapatkan selisih nilai yang sedikit dimana metode trial and error dan didapatkan respon yang paling baik yaitu trial and error menghasilkan respon sistem nilai delay Time (Td) = 90s, rise Time (Tr) = 363s, setting Time (Ts) = 429s dan error steady state = 1,4% dengan nilai dengan nilai Kp = 32,6 Ki = 0,80 dan Kd = 350.
Pengendali Kecepatan Putaran Motor DC pada Kursi Roda Elektrik
Authors: Budiharto Bintang Maha Dewa Hidayah , Fauziyah Mila , Radianto Donny
Published: January 2025

Kursi roda elektrik merupakan alat bantu gerak yang penting bagi orang yang memiliki gangguan mobilitas. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan kursi roda elektrik yang dapat dikendalikan melalui sensor kecepatan dan sensor jarak. Skripsi ini menggunakan kontrol PID pada sensor kecepatan yang akan diintegrasikan dengan sistem kendali ESP32 untuk mengubah perintah menjadi aksi gerakan pada Motor DC di kursi roda elektrik. Pengguna dapat memberikan perintah melalui joystick, seperti “maju,” “mundur, “stop,” “kanan,” atau “kiri,” untuk stop kursi roda di atur oleh sensor jarak ketika jarak sensor dengan objek 10cm-80cm kursi roda elektrik akan merespons dengan mengehentikan motor DC. Untuk mendapatkan hasil putaran motor DC yang sesuai maka akan diatur di set point 50 RPM dengan menggunakan kontrol kecepatan PID didapatkan nilai Kp = 2.1, Ki = 1.05, Kd = 1.05 hasil dari Ziegler-Nichols 2. Dimana hasil dari parameter PID kecepatan yaitu delay time 0.3 s, rise time 0.8 s, settling time 2.9 s, maksimum overshoot 4.24%, peak time 0.9 s, error steady state 3.56% dan -4.22%. kontrol PID dengan metode ziegler nichols 2. Dalam kesimpulannya, penelitian ini berhasil merancang dan mengembangkan kursi roda elektrik berbasis sensor kecepatan dan sensor jarak dengan kendali joystick untuk mengatur putaran motor DC menggunakan ESP32 dengan kontrol PID.
 
Kata Kunci: Kursi Roda, Motor DC, Sensor Kecepatan, Sensor Jarak, Kontrol PID
Rancang Bangun Pengisian Kemasan Bubuk Kopi Berbasis Microcontroller dan Mengontrol Kecepatan Penurunan Bubuk Kopi Menggunakan Metode PID
Authors: Razzaq Mochammad Farhan Abdul , Sungkono Sungkono , Herwandi Herwandi
Published: January 2025

Kopi bubuk dapat diproduksi dari berbagai jenis biji kopi seperti arabika dan robusta. Untuk menjaga kualitas kopi bubuk dan mempermudah pemasaran, pengemasan yang baik sangat diperlukan. Pengemasan manual masih umum dilakukan, sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat alat pengisian kemasan bubuk kopi berbasis Microcontroller. Alat ini mengontrol kecepatan penurunan bubuk kopi menggunakan metode PID dan memastikan berat yang sesuai. Microcontroller yang digunakan adalah Arduino Uno ATmega 328P sebagai pusat pengontrol, sensor ultrasonik untuk mendeteksi bubuk kopi di hopper tank, sensor Load cell untuk mengukur berat, LCD sebagai tampilan, motor DC yang terhubung dengan screw untuk mendorong bubuk kopi ke dalam kemasan, dan Keypad untuk memasukkan data ke sistem kontrol. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan pada berat 75 gram error rata-rata 6,03%, 150 gram error rata-rata 0,81%, 250 gram error rata-rata 0,46%, 350 gram error rata-rata 0,39%, dan 500 gram error rata-rata 0,40%. Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk menurunkan bubuk kopi adalah 2 menit 26 detik untuk 75 gram, 4 menit 11 detik untuk 150 gram, 6 menit 3 detik untuk 250 gram, 8 menit 30 detik untuk 350 gram, dan 10 menit 15 detik untuk 500 gram.
Diabesity An Emerging Epidemic and Advances in Treatment
Authors: Aufi Aufi Saqib Salah
Published: January 2025

Background: Diabesity, the coexistence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has emerged as a significant global public health issue. Characterized by shared pathophysiology, including insulin resistance and chronic inflammation, diabesity substantially increases the risk of complications such as cardiovascular disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Objectives: This paper reviews the interconnection between obesity and T2DM, emphasizing recent advancements in management, including pharmacological treatments, surgical interventions, and innovative technologies. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library to identify studies published in the past decade. Key areas of focus included GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT-2 inhibitors, bariatric surgery, microbiome-targeted therapies, and artificial intelligence applications in diabesity management. Results: Pharmacological advancements, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., semaglutide) and dual-action agents (e.g., tirzepatide), significantly improved weight loss and glycemic control. SGLT-2 inhibitors demonstrated additional cardiovascular and renal benefits. Bariatric surgery provided long-term metabolic improvements for severe cases, while emerging technologies like wearable devices and microbiome research offered promising personalized treatment approaches. Conclusions: The integration of advanced pharmacological treatments, surgical interventions, and innovative technologies has revolutionized diabesity management. Public health strategies focusing on early intervention, prevention, and equitable healthcare access are critical to addressing this epidemic. Future research should focus on long-term efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and region-specific strategies to combat diabesity.
Evaluation of the Results of Unipolar Release of Congenital Muscular Torticollis in Children
Authors: Murad Md Shoeb Sarwar
Published: January 2025

Background: Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a common congenital neck deformity that primarily involves the sternocleidomastoid muscle, causing the head to tilt and rotate. It affects 0.3-1.9% of live births. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the functional, cosmetic outcomes, and complications of distal unipolar release surgery in children with congenital muscular torticollis, assessing its effectiveness in managing the deformity. Methods: A quasi-experimental prospective study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, NITOR, and BSMMU. Twelve patients, aged 5-12 years, with conservatively treated or untreated CMT, were included. Distal unipolar release of the sternocleidomastoid muscle was performed, followed by regular postoperative physiotherapy. The functional and cosmetic outcomes were evaluated using Lee et al.'s scoring system. Informed written consent was obtained from the parents, and patients were followed up for 3-18 months. Results: Among the 12 patients (2 boys and 10 girls), 8 had right-sided torticollis and 4 had left-sided. The average follow-up period was 12 months. Preoperative assessment showed a mean functional score of 6.5 out of 9. Postoperative assessment showed excellent and good results in 83.4% of cases (10/12 patients), with 7 patients achieving excellent outcomes and 3 showing good results. The mean postoperative score was 16.4 out of 18, demonstrating significant improvement in both function and cosmesis. Conclusion: Distal unipolar release is a simple and effective surgical method for correcting CMT in children, providing excellent functional outcomes and aesthetically acceptable scars. The procedure yields high success rates with minimal complications.
Evaluation of Ketamine Anesthesia Outcomes in Pediatric Ophthalmology: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Tertiary Hospital Setting
Authors: Ahmed Liton
Published: January 2025

Introductions: Ketamine, a widely used anesthetic, has gained prominence in pediatric ophthalmology due to its unique properties, including dissociative anesthesia and minimal respiratory depression. This study evaluates the safety, efficacy, recovery times, complications, and parental satisfaction of ketamine anesthesia in pediatric patients undergoing ophthalmic procedures at Moulvibazar BNSB Eye Hospital, Sylhet, aiming to provide valuable insights into its application in resource-limited settings. Objectives: To evaluate ketamine anesthesia outcomes in pediatric ophthalmology. Specific: To assess demographic data, hemodynamic parameters, and complications. Method and Materials: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Moulvibazar BNSB Eye Hospital, Sylhet, from July 2023 to June 2024, involving 96 pediatric patients. Data were collected on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, including descriptive statistics and tests to assess associations between variables. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained from participants' guardians. Result: The study involved 96 pediatric patients, with a mean age of 7.2 ± 2.5 years. Males represented 56.3%, while 43.7% were females. The most common indication for ketamine anesthesia was cataract surgery (35.4%), followed by strabismus surgery (29.2%). Preoperative hemodynamics showed a mean heart rate of 98 ± 12 bpm and oxygen saturation of 97 ± 1%. Intraoperative complications included hypotension (8.3%) and nausea/vomiting (10.4%). Recovery times were predominantly ≤40 minutes. Conclusion: In conclusion, ketamine anesthesia proves safe and effective for pediatric ophthalmology, with stable hemodynamics, minimal complications, quick recovery, and high parental satisfaction, making it suitable for short-duration surgeries.
Impact of Indocyanine Green Fluoroscopy on Bile Duct Identification during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy A 40 Patient Observational Analysis
Authors: Rahman Anharur
Published: January 2025

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a prevalent surgical procedure with inherent risks, notably bile duct injuries (BDIs). Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Indocyanine Green (ICG) fluoroscopy in enhancing bile duct identification during LC. Methods: A prospective cohort of 40 patients undergoing LC at Central Hospital Ltd, and Labaid Cancer Hospital and Super Speciality Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh (2022-2023) was analyzed. Patients received an intravenous dose of ICG (0.5 mg/kg) intraoperatively. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging was employed to visualize biliary structures. Identification rates of bile ducts with and without ICG fluoroscopy were compared using statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Results: ICG fluoroscopy significantly improved bile duct identification, achieving a 95% success rate compared to 72% without ICG (p = 0.003). This represents a 31% relative increase in identification accuracy. The mean operative time was reduced by 15 minutes in the ICG group (mean 92 minutes, SD ±10, range 65-125 minutes). Demographically, 60% were male and 40% female, with a mean age of 37.26 years (SD ±8.5). Additionally, the use of ICG fluoroscopy was associated with a 50% reduction in intraoperative complications related to bile duct misidentification. No adverse events attributable to ICG administration were observed, ensuring its safety profile. The enhanced visualization facilitated clearer delineation of the cystic duct and common bile duct, contributing to improved surgical precision and outcomes. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of these findings, with confidence intervals for identification rates ranging from 20% to 42%. Conclusions: The integration of ICG fluoroscopy in LC markedly enhances bile duct identification, thereby reducing the incidence of BDIs and improving surgical outcomes. These findings support the routine use of ICG fluoroscopy to enhance patient safety during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Comparison of In Hospital Outcomes in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients with and Without Streptokinase Therapy
Authors: Uddin Md Sharif
Published: January 2025

Background: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) is a life-threatening condition that demands immediate medical attention. Streptokinase (STK) is a cost-effective thrombolytic agent frequently used to restore blood flow to the heart muscle, especially in settings with limited resources. Although tenecteplase therapy has shown superior efficacy, STK remains the preferred thrombolytic treatment in our country due to the economic challenges faced by many families. Objective: To evaluate and compare in-hospital mortality, complications, and recovery outcomes between STEMI patients receiving Streptokinase and non-thrombolytic therapy. Method and Materials: This prospective observational study was conducted from January to June 2024 in the Coronary Care Unit of North East Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet. A total of 101 STEMI patients were included, grouped into STK (n=63) and Non-STK (n=38) categories. Data on demographics, clinical history, ECG findings, and outcomes were collected and analyzed statistically. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained prior to the study. Results: In the STK group, 93.7% were male, with a mean age of 49.84 years, compared to 73.7% male and a mean age of 57.05 years in the Non-STK group. Mortality was 15.9% in the STK group and 23.7% in the Non-STK group. Mechanical complications like ALVF occurred in 38 STK patients and 26 Non-STK patients. Electrical complications included 4 cases of third-degree AV block in the STK group versus 2 in the Non-STK group. Conclusion: This study highlights the critical impact of streptokinase (STK) administration on in- hospital outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Bacteriological Profile and Infection Risk Factors Following Internal Fixation of Long Bone Fractures A Prospective Analysis
Authors: Mahmud Al-Imran
Published: January 2025

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a major complication following internal fixation of long bone fractures, leading to prolonged recovery, increased healthcare costs, and poor outcomes. Common pathogens include Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacilli, with rising antibiotic resistance complicating treatment. Risk factors span patient-related issues, such as diabetes and smoking, to procedural aspects like prolonged operative time. Effective prevention relies on aseptic techniques and targeted antibiotic prophylaxis. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) over a two-year period from June 2022 to May 2024. The study included 56 patients who underwent internal fixation for long bone fractures. Detailed data were collected on patient demographics, comorbid conditions, fracture classifications, and surgical parameters. Perioperative microbiological samples were systematically obtained, and postoperative infections were categorized as superficial, deep, or implant-related. The antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolated pathogens were comprehensively analyzed. Rigorous statistical methods, including chi-square tests, logistic regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, were employed to evaluate the findings. Results: The overall post-operative infection rate was 38%. The predominant pathogens identified were Staphylococcus aureus (36%), Escherichia coli (16%), and Propionibacterium acnes (12%). Key risk factors for infection included advanced age (≥40 years), diabetes mellitus, smoking, malnutrition, open fractures, and prolonged operative times. Non-standard sterilization protocols and the presence of open fractures significantly increased infection rates. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age ≥40 years, diabetes mellitus, smoking, open fractures, and non-standard sterilization were independent risk factors for infection. Conclusion: Post-operative infections following internal fixation are influenced by multiple patient-related and surgery-related factors. Early identification of at-risk patients and adherence to strict sterilization protocols are crucial for reducing infection rates. The findings highlight the importance of tailored antibiotic protocols and preventive strategies to improve patient outcomes and minimize infection-related complications. Further research is needed to optimize management strategies and address antimicrobial resistance.
Influence of Socio demographic Factors and the Expression of Ki-67 Immunohistochemical Marker in Hydatidiform Mole Development
Authors: Hossain Sonia
Published: January 2025

Background: Hydatidiform mole is a significant concern in obstetric care, affecting approximately 1 in every 1000 pregnancies globally. Unfortunately, Asians demonstrate slightly higher incidence rates compared to Europeans of similar socioeconomic status. Objective: This study aimed to find out the associations between sociodemographic factors and expression of Ki-67 immunohistochemical marker with hydatidiform mole.

Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, conducted at the Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College, 50 cases were classified into Complete Hydatidiform Mole (CHM) and Partial Hydatidiform Mole (PHM) based on histopathological features. Pretreatment β-hCG levels were noted, and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry was performed. The results of the cases were collected and tabulated. Statistical analysis was conducted on the tabulated data using Fisher's exact test, chi-square test. Results: Among the respondent’s majority 40% (20) had age ≤ 20 years and only 8% (4) had age more than 40 years. This association between parity of respondents with Ki-67 immunoexpression was statistically significant (p<0.05). Primigravida patients were more likely to have a Ki-67 score of 2 and multigravida patients more likely to have a Ki-67 score of 3. Moreover, parity and Ki-67 immunoexpression scoring of the respondents were significantly associated with hydatidiform mole diagnosis after immunohistochemical evaluation (p<0.05) and (p<0.01) respectively. Conclusion: The results indicate that certain sociodemographic variables do not have a substantial impact on the type of hydatidiform mole, whereas reproductive factor (parity) and levels of Ki-67 expression play vital role. These observations can improve the comprehension and treatment of hydatidiform mole, leading to improved patient outcomes by employing personalized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Prevalence of Oral Cavity Carcinoma Among High Risk Populations A cross sectional study in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Siddiqui Shamima
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Oral cavity carcinoma is a major public health concern, especially among high-risk populations in developing countries like Bangladesh. Lifestyle factors such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and betel nut chewing significantly contribute to the prevalence of this malignancy. Early detection and diagnosis are crucial for improving outcomes, yet many cases are diagnosed at advanced stages. This study assesses the prevalence and factors associated with oral cavity carcinoma in high-risk populations. Objectives: To assess the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of oral cavity carcinoma in high-risk populations at BSMMU. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Radiology & Imaging Department of BSMMU from June 2017 to May 2018. A total of 132 patients diagnosed with oral cavity carcinoma were included. Data were collected through chart reviews, patient interviews, and imaging reports. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, focusing on demographic data, risk factors, and clinical characteristics. Ethical approval was obtained from BSMMU's Ethics Committee. Result: Among the 132 patients, the majority were aged 41-50 years (30.3%), with a mean age of 47.5 ± 10.8 years. Males comprised 66.7% of the population. Buccal mucosa carcinoma was the most common site (37.9%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most prevalent histopathological type (72%). Stage III was the most frequent at diagnosis (37.9%). Treatment involved surgery for 45.5%, radiotherapy for 22.7%, and chemotherapy for 15.2%. Tobacco use was the primary risk factor (68.2%). Conclusion: This study underscores the high prevalence of oral cavity carcinoma in high-risk populations, emphasizing early detection and intervention.
Occupational Impact of Low Vision in Working Age Adults A Cross sectional Study
Authors: Chowdhury Md Miftahul Hossain
Published: January 2025

Background: Low vision, a significant visual impairment uncorrectable by standard methods, profoundly impacts daily activities, employment, and quality of life. Increasing global prevalence, driven by aging populations and chronic health conditions, highlights the urgent need for targeted interventions. Employment challenges, transportation barriers, employer biases, and psychological consequences exacerbate the issue. Addressing these multifaceted challenges requires comprehensive strategies to improve occupational participation and overall well-being among individuals with low vision. Objectives: Evaluate the occupational impact, employment challenges, and quality of life among working-age adults with low vision. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Ophthalmology Department of Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Medical College from June 2021 to May 2022, involving 164 participants aged 18–60 years with low vision. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and clinical examinations, including visual acuity assessments. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, with p-values ≤0.05 considered significant. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained. Result: The study included 164 participants with a mean age of 42.5 ± 10.8 years. Males comprised 57.9% (n=95) and females 42.1% (n=69). Office workers made up 30.5% (n=50), and 24.4% (n=40) were unemployed. Moderate low vision was most common (39.6%, n=65). Central vision loss affected 42.7% (n=70). Difficulty in task performance was reported by 61% (n=100), while 67.1% (n=110) experienced reduced work efficiency. Anxiety affected 51.8% (n=85). Conclusion: Low vision significantly impacts employment, productivity, and mental health, with assistive devices and support systems playing vital roles in mitigation.
Outcome of Oral Moxifloxacin as Monotherapy in Treating Mild to Moderate Diabetic Foot Infections
Authors: Hossain Md Muktar
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Diabetic patients frequently suffer from foot infections. These infections are often associated with multiple organisms that require a broad-spectrum or a combination of antibiotic therapy. Moxifloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and used orally for foot infection. This study was designed to evaluate the suitability of moxifloxacin as a monotherapy in terms of efficacy, safety and costing. Methods: In this prospective study, 120 patients with age range between 18-60 years suffering from mild to moderate diabetic foot infections and were treated as OPD patients were included. All patients were given moxifloxacin (400 mg/day orally for 10 days). Clinical responses and any adverse effects were recorded at 3-5 days and at 10 days post therapy for evaluation. Results: 41.66% foot infections occurred in 51-60 age group and average duration of infections at presentation of DFI was 4.4 days. Overall success rate was 80% at 3-5 days and 887.5% at 10 days. There was no response in 10% cases and 2.5% case in fact deteriorated. There was no severe adverse effect and no discontinuation of drug. Commonest adverse effect was anorexia (2.5%). Total treatment cost of antibiotic was 400.00 BDT for 10 days. Conclusions: Moxifloxacin can be given as a single antibiotic for the treatment of diabetic foot infection. It is effective, free from severe adverse effect, tolerable and reasonably cheap.
Association between Deviated Nasal Septum and Otitis Media with Effusion in Adult
Authors: Haque Muhammad Mahmudul
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Deviated Nasal Septum (DNS) is a common anatomical variation that can disrupt normal nasal airflow and lead to complications, including Eustachian tube dysfunction. Otitis Media with Effusion (OME), characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the middle ear without signs of acute infection, often arises from impaired Eustachian tube function. This study aimed to evaluate the association between deviated nasal septum and otitis media with effusion in adults. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional observational study conducted at Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi , over 1 year; July 2020 to June 2021. The primary objective was to evaluate the association between Deviated Nasal Septum (DNS) and Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) in adult patients. A total of 80 participants were included in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0. Result: This study analyzed 80 participants, with 55% males and the majority (40%) in the 18–30 age group. DNS was most frequently mild (43.75%), followed by moderate (40%) and severe (16.25%). OME was present in 30% of participants. No statistically significant associations were observed between DNS severity and OME presence (p=0.733), or between OME and demographic factors such as age (p=0.637) and gender. Mild DNS was more common among younger participants, and severe DNS showed a slightly higher prevalence in females. Conclusion: This study highlights the intricate relationship between DNS severity, age, gender, and the presence of OME. While DNS, particularly in its moderate to severe forms, has been associated with Eustachian tube dysfunction and subsequent OME, no statistically significant association was observed between DNS severity and OME in this cohort. Similarly, age and gender, though influential in the distribution of DNS and OME, did not demonstrate a significant correlation with OME presence.
Rebuilding Lives After Nipah henipavirus A Comprehensive Look at Recovery Resilience and Reform
Authors: Ullah Md Anayet
Published: January 2025

The emergence and recurrence of Nipah henipavirus (NiV) outbreaks have underscored the intricate interplay between zoonotic diseases and human societies. First identified in Malaysia in 1998, the Nipah virus (NiV) has since posed significant public health challenges in countries like Bangladesh and India. Characterized by its high mortality rate and potential for widespread transmission, NiV infections have not only strained healthcare systems but also disrupted communities and economies. In Bangladesh, recurrent outbreaks have highlighted vulnerabilities within the public health infrastructure and the socio-economic fabric of affected regions. As the global community grapples with the aftermath of each outbreak, the imperative to rebuild lives, foster resilience, and implement robust reforms becomes increasingly evident. This editorial delves into the multifaceted strategies essential for recovering from NiV outbreaks, enhancing societal resilience, and reforming public health infrastructures, with a particular focus on the Bangladeshi perspective.
A Systematic Review of Business Strategy Transformation Using AI, Machine Learning, And Deep Learning
Authors: Islam Mohammad Ariful , Hasan Molla Al Rakib , Juthi Shaharima , Haque Sumyta
Published: January 2025

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Deep Learning (DL) has revolutionized business strategies, enabling organizations to enhance decision-making, optimize operations, and achieve competitive advantages. This systematic review examines the transformative role of these technologies in reshaping business strategies across various industries. A total of 115 peer-reviewed articles were systematically analyzed following the PRISMA guidelines to ensure transparency, rigor, and reliability. The study identifies key applications of AI, ML, and DL in marketing, supply chain management, financial analytics, and human resource management, showcasing their ability to address complex business challenges. Additionally, emerging trends such as Explainable AI, AI integration with IoT and blockchain, and AI-powered sustainability initiatives are discussed, highlighting their potential to redefine traditional business practices. Despite these advancements, challenges such as algorithmic bias, data quality issues, implementation costs, and the lack of regulatory frameworks remain significant barriers to adoption. The review also identifies critical research gaps, including limited studies on AI adoption in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and developing economies. By synthesizing insights from these articles, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of how AI, ML, and DL are shaping modern business strategies, offering valuable directions for future research and practical implementation.
ROBOT-ASSISTED GAIT TRAINING IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON DISEASE
Authors: Majeed Muqadas , Bashir Muddasira , Zaheer Rimsha , Naveed Jannat , Wahaj Khan  , Anbreena Rasool
Published: January 2025

Background: Gait impairment is one of the most disabling symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), significantly affecting mobility and quality of life. Parkinsonian gait abnormalities, including freezing and festinating gait, arise from basal ganglia dysfunction due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, leading to reduced neuronal connections and impaired motor regulation. While pharmacological interventions targeting dopaminergic circuits are effective for some motor symptoms, gait impairments remain largely unresponsive to drug therapy, necessitating alternative management strategies.
Body: Recent advancements in neuro-rehabilitation have introduced interventions such as visual rehabilitation, tai chi, dance and music therapy, and robot-assisted gait training (RAGT). Among these, RAGT has emerged as a superior therapeutic approach due to its ability to promote neuroplasticity through task-specific, repetitive, and intensive training. By enhancing neuronal connectivity, RAGT addresses the underlying mechanisms of gait impairment in PD. The reviewed literature supports RAGT as an effective tool for improving gait mechanics, including stride length, gait speed, and overall mobility, making it a promising addition to rehabilitation protocols for PD.
Conclusion: This review underscores the potential of RAGT as a transformative intervention for managing gait impairments in Parkinson’s disease. By promoting neuroplasticity and addressing the limitations of pharmacological treatments, RAGT offers a viable solution for enhancing mobility and quality of life in PD patients. Future research should focus on optimizing RAGT protocols and exploring its long-term efficacy.
PENGGUNAAN PENDEKATAN INTERAKTIF-ANDRAGOGIS TERHADAP MINAT DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR KATEKISAN DALAM KEGIATAN BELAJAR MENGAJAR KATEKISASI
Authors: Sianipar Palima S.
Published: January 2025

Manusia mengalami perkembangan di dalam hidupnya. Mulai dari dalam kandungan, lahir, menjalani masa kanak-kanak, remaja, pemuda, dewasa sampai menjadi tua dan akhirnya meninggal dunia. Dalam masa-masa perkembangan itu manusia mengalami tahapan-tahapan perkembangan, baik secara fisik maupun mental, jasmani maupun rohani, intelektual dan emosional. Karena itu, mereka membutuhkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan yang berbeda-beda untuk mengantisipasi atau mengatasi aneka permasalahan hidup yang berbeda-beda tersebut. Terkait dengan itu, belajar yang mereka butuhkan juga berbeda-beda, dan terkait dengan itu pula pendekatan yang dibutuhkan dalam belajar tidak dapat sama sama. Katekisan yang selama ini 'dikondisikan' oleh cara pengajaran yang bersifat indoktrinatif perlu dimotivasikan untuk mau terlibat dalam pembelajaran katekisasi yang menggunakan pendekatan interaktif-andragogis. Pemotivasian ini dirasa perlu, salah satunya sebagai upaya penyadaran terhadap kebutuhan orang dewasa dalam belajar, Langkah yang menurut penulis paling efektif-berdasarkan hasil penelitian adalah apabila mereka (katekisan) merasakan atau mengalami langsung pembelajaran katekisasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan ini. Maka hal ini perlu menjadi perhatian bagi Gereja dan para katekis pada khususnya untuk memulai penerapan pendekatan yang sebenarnya ‘bukan lagi baru' bagi dunia pendidikan pada umumnya namun masih 'terhitung baru' untuk Gereja.
PERANAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR PINTU CERDAS
Authors: Giawa Hasan Nadir
Published: January 2025

Minat belajar siswa merupakan salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan dari pembelajaran. Karena jika di dalam diri siswa tidak ada dorongan kemauan untuk belajar tentu keberhasilan belajar akan sulit tercipta walaupun pendidik telah mengupayakan kompetensinya. Guru harus mampu menjadi inpirasi bagi siswa sehingga siswa akan lebih terpacu minat belajarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan peran media pembelajaran interaktif dengan memanfaatkan teknologi digital dalam pembelajaran di era revolusi industri 4.0. Metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah metode deskriptif analisis. Kajian yang dipaparkan pada tulisan ini didasarkan pada analisis literaturyang relevan.  Media interaktif  memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam pembelajaran karena dapat membantu guru dalam memudahkan penyampaian materi pembelajaran dan menghasil pembelajaran yang aktif dan menyenangkan.
PERANAN GURU PEMBIMBING KHUSUS (GPK) DALAM PROSES IDENTIFIKASI DAN PENETAPAN PROGRAM PELAYANAN PENDIDIKAN BAGI PESERTA DIDIK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS (PDBK) DI SEKOLAH PENYELENGGARA INKLUSI TUNAS DAUD DENPASAR
Authors: Budianto Johanes M. J.
Published: January 2025

Layanan pendidikan bagi peserta didik berkebutuhan khusus, dewasa ini semakin mendapatkan perhatian dari pemerintah.  Peserta didik berkebutuhan khusus tidak hanya dapat mengakses pendidikan di sekolah luar biasa tapi juga mendapatkan peluang yang luas untuk mengakses pendidikan di sekolah reguler penyelenggara pendidikan inklusif. Tentu menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi sekolah reguler penyelenggara pendidikan inklusif yang kehadiran peserta didik berkebutuhan khusus, berbagai penyesuaian dalam pemberian layanan pembelajaran harus dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membantu dan memudahkan PDBK mengikuti proses kegiatan belajar bersama siswa reguler di sekolah penyelenggara inklusif. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif. Guru Pembimbing Khusus (GPK) di Sekolah Penyelenggara Inklusi Tunas Daud Denpasar memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam melakukan identifikasi, asesmen, mengajar, membimbing, mendampingi PDBK, melakukan observasi, mendamping tim dokter, membangun sistem koordinasi antara guru, pihak sekolah dan orang tua peserta didik.
PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM KELUARGA KRISTEN DAN PELAYANAN GEMBALA JEMAAT SERTA IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM MENGATASI MASALAH-MASALAH KELUARGA DI JKI HOME CHURCH
Authors: Tambunan Daulat Marulitua
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya masalah-masalah dalam keluarga yang semakin meningkat pada 2 dekade terakhir. Kita tidak bisa tinggal diam dan membiarkan keluarga kita hancur dan anak-anak kita terjerumus dalam berbagai pengaruh dunia yang negatif. Saatnya bertindak melakukan sesuatu. Tidak ada masalah yang tidak dapat diselesaikan. Ini adalah sebuah kesempatan baik untuk menerapkan Pendidikan dalam keluarga secara terarah dalam konsep kurikulum. Tidak mudah tetapi bukan berarti mustahil. Peranan Gembala Jemaat dalam gereja lokal juga sangat diharapkan untuk dapat meminimalkan masalah-masalah dalam keluarga. Hal yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menyesuaikan/inovasi kurikulum yang relevan dalam pelaksaan pelayanan keluarga mulai pada tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan sampai pada evaluasi. Hasil yang diharapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah kurikulum keluarga dan peran Gembala Jemaat dapat mengatasi masalah-masalah dalam keluarga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah semua Hamba Tuhan yang melayani di JKI Home Church. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pengembangan kurikulum keluarga sangat dibutuhkan dalam lingkup keluarga di JKI Home Church. Demikian juga dengan peran Gembala Jemaat dalam memberikan pendampingan dalam pelayanan kepada  keluarga di JKI Home Church
Angelologi: Eksistensi, Klasifikasi, Pelayanan, dan Relasi Malaikat Dengan Orang Percaya Berdasarkan Ibrani 1:14
Authors: Parade Tua Panjaitan Tutur
Published: January 2025

Tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk memformulasikan ajaran Kristen tentang malaikat didasarkan Ibrani 1:14. Banyaknya jemaat Tuhan yang pemahamannya tentang doktrin masih dangkal, merupakan sebuah fakta yang memprihatinkan. Lagipula seorang Kristen harus mengetahui doktrin-doktrin utama dan jangan mengabaikan doktrin-doktrin yang lainnya. Sikap mengabaikan sebagian doktrin merupakan kelalaian atau penolakan secara diam-diam terhadap ajaran Alkitab. Ada banyak pertanyaan dari orang Kristen tentang doktrin malaikat yang perlu dijawab, sehingga perlu suatu rumusan formulasi ajaran Kristen tentang malaikat. Bagaimanakah formulasi ajaran Kristen tentang malaikat berdasarkan Ibrani 1:14? Metode penelitian yang dipakai untuk menyusun tulisan ini adalah kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data dengan dokumen, didasarkan pada hasil penelitian biblika dan dilanjutkan dengan penelitian teologi sistematik. Malaikat adalah makhluk yang sungguh-sungguh ada, diciptakan Allah sebelum dunia ada, memiliki kemauan yang bebas, dapat terpengaruh godaan dosa, ada yang jatuh dalam dosa, lebih tinggi daripada manusia karena tidak dapat mati, lebih berhikmat dari manusia, lebih berkuasa dari manusia. Malaikat terbagi menurut tingkat-tingkat yang berbeda. Pelayanan malaikat mencakup pelayanan kepada Allah, pelayanan kepada Kristus, dan pelayanan kepada orang percaya. Sebagai antitesis, malaikat tidak tunduk kepada makhluk lain termasuk kepada manusia. Implikasinya manusia tidak dapat memerintah malaikat.
Tinjauan Teologis 1 Petrus 3:15 Dalam Memberikan Pembelaan Iman Kristen Dan Amanat Agung Yesus Melalui Media Youtube
Authors: Giawa Hasan , Sumiati Tong Mely
Published: January 2025

Kegiatan apologetika akhir-akhir ini sangat marak dalam berbagai aktivitas pewartaan dalam berbagai platform media sosial. Bermutu atau tidaknya kegiatan apologetika yang dijalankan, sangat ditentukan oleh pemahaman mengenai apologetika itu sendiri dalam kaitannya dengan pesan Amanat Agung, Yesus Kristus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah ingin mengkaji masalah apologetika Kristen yang beredar dan berkembang pesat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa apologetika Kristen yang berkembang di tengah masyarakat dalam kaitannya dengan Amanat Agung di media sosial khususnya Youtube, cukup beragam. Di antaranya, pemahaman yang nampaknya masih terbatas dari para apologet sendiri. Di sisi lain partisipasi umat dalam berbagai bentuk seperti finansial atau materi ini seperti sumbangan, partisipasi masyarakat dalam bentuk ide, pikiran, pendapat dan gagasan, partisipasi masyarakat dalam bentuk pengambilan keputusan yaitu dilakukan dengan cara melibatkan masyarakat secara langsung untuk ikut berperan aktif dalam penyusunan atau pemberi masukan dalam penyusunan materi bagi kegiatan apologetika menunjukkan bahwa apologetika sangat diperlukan dewasa ini. Adapun mutu kegiatan apologetika ini tidak lepas dari berbagai program atau kegiatan yang dilakukan di berbagai kanal Youtube yang dimulai dari perencanaan, evaluasi program hingga tayangnya siaran sesuai jadwal. Mutu apologetika kristen di platform media sosial dapat dilihat dan terbukti dengan tingkat kehadiran yang cukup tinggi pada setiap siaran. Sedangkan kendala yang dihadapi dalam menjalankan kegiatan ini salah satunya ialah pasal penodaan agama. Pasal ini terkesan dijalankan secara tidak adil di negara Indonesia. Penistaan atau penodaan agama merupakan salah satu faktor yang dihadapi oleh apologet dalam menjalan kegiatannya. Singkatnya, kegiatan apologetika memerlukan keseimbangan antara pemahaman dengan praktik. Bahkan, tidak jarang cara komunikasi menentukan keberhasilan kegiatan apologetika Kristen.
Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Iman Peserta Didik Kelas V Di SD Tiranus Pondok Kopi
Authors: Kosmartua  , Sinaga Desmauli
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang peranan guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam pertumbuhan iman Kristen peserta didik Kelas V SD Tiranus Pondok Kopi. Guru yang bertumbuh dan mengembangkan dirinya sendiri untuk memahami peserta didik nya dan mampu menghubungkan firman Allah terhadap kehidupan kekristenan menumbuhkan iman peserta didik untuk rajin membaca Alkitab, mengajarkan berdoa, rajin beribadah, rajin memberikan persembahan, sebaliknya guru yang tidak menjalankan peranannya, mengakibatkan peserta didik malas membaca Alkitab, malas berdoa, malas beribadah, malas membaca buku rohani dan berperilaku buruk. Metode yang digunakan oleh penulis dalam dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah metode dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penulis melakukan penelitian di SD Tiranus Pondok Kopi dengan melakukan wawancara dan jawaban wawancara sebagai hasil penelitian.
Metode Berpikir Kritis Untuk Memahami Allah, Serta ImplikasinyaTerhadap Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Authors: Siagian Ariwandira
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penulisan ini adalah merekonstruksi cara berpikir yang kritis untuk memahami Tuhan hingga melihat sejauh mana implikasinya terhadap pendidikan agama Kristen. Akal budi seringkali dituduh sebagai penyebab orang meninggalkan imannya, menjadi agnostik bahkan ateis. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka. Pengenalan mengenai siapa itu Tuhan sangat memengaruhi sikap hidup, pemahaman dan spiritualitas, khususnya para naradidik. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan pemahaman yang benar mengenai siapa itu Tuhan. Pemahaman yang benar (dan kompleks) itu perlu menjadi acuan dalam proses didaktika terkait Tuhan yang menjadi sentral pendidikan agama Kristen, sehingga pengajaran yang benar sesuai iman kristiani yang diterima oleh naradidik dalam proses pendidikan agama Kristen. Pengalaman dan pengetahuan dipadukan untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan agama Kristen.
PENGASUHAN ANAK MENURUT KITAB-KITAB PENTATEUKH DAN RELEVANSINYA BAGI PENGASUHAN ANAK DI GKBB PORIS TANGERANG
Authors: Jekson
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya masalah-masalah dalam keluarga yang semakin meningkat pada 2 dekade terakhir. Orang tua zaman sekarang sepertinya lebih sibuk mengurus pekerjaannya dibanding membesarkan anak serta mendidiknya. Mungkin alasan ini juga yang memicu anak jadi kurang asuhan yang tepat dari orang tua karena perhatian orang tua teralihkan pada pekerjaan. Padahal anak merupakan aset Negara, pada pundak mereka memikul tanggung jawab dan kelangsungan kehidupan negara dan bangsa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan dan mengenali pola pengasuhan anak dalam warga jemaat Gereja Kristus Bangsa-Bangsa (GKBB). Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: Pertama, hampir seluruh responden memahami definisi keluarga secara umum. Kedua, hampir seluruh responden memahami defenisi keluarga menurut kitab Penteteuk dan Amsal. Ketiga, hampir seluruhnya responden memahami fungsi dan tujuan pengasuhan. Keempat, sebagian besar responden memahami pola pengasuhan anak menurut kitab Pentateuk. Kelima, hampir seluruhnya responden memahami pola pengasuhan anak menurut kitab Amsal.
PEMAHAMAN PLURALISME AGAMA DAN STRATEGI MISI DALAM PERTUMBUHAN JEMAAT
Authors: Pakasi Edmon
Published: January 2025

Pluralisme dalam masyarakat adalah fakta yang tidak dapat disangkali keberadaannya, khususnya di tengah-tengah negara seperti Indonesia. Pluralisme agama adalah suatu tantangan terhadap umat Kristen yang percaya bahwa keselamatan hanya ada di dalam iman kepada Tuhan Yesus Kristus, yaitu paham yang mempunyai kecenderungan untuk memisahkan diri dari masyarakat/ eksklusivisme. Banyak orang berpendapat bahwa pindah agama atau berganti agama itu sama saja dan tidak berubah akidah atau keyakinan iman kepada Allah yang sama juga. Pluralisme agama juga dikaitkan dengan doktrin keselamatan, dengan pengertian bahwa pluralisme percaya keselamatan tersedia bagi manusia melalui banyak kondisi, kasih dan sarana-sarana yang terdapat dalam berbagai agama. Jadi, jelas bahwa pengikut pluralisme akan menolak paham keselamatan yang berpusat pada Kristus (Chritosentris) sebagaimana yang dipahami kekristenan ortodox dan kemudian menempatkan Allah (Theos) di pusat jagat agama (Theosentris).
PENGARUH POLA PELAYANAN GEREJA DAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER TERHADAP PEMUDA-PEMUDI SOULSCATCHER SEBAGAI SURAT PUJIAN MENURUT 2 KORINTUS 3:2-3 (ANALISA KASUS DI GEREJA ORANG BERIMAN JAKARTA)
Authors: Situmorang Kosmartua
Published: January 2025

Pendidikan karakter di gereja fokus pada karakter Kristen, yang mencerminkan kualitas sejati seseorang. Seorang Kristen adalah yang mengikuti Yesus Kristus dan meneladani ajaran-Nya. Ini penting ditanamkan di gereja, terutama di kalangan anak muda. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif dan explanatory research. Metode ini melihat hubungan antara pola pelayanan gereja dan pendidikan karakter dengan surat pujian. Variabel bebas seperti Pola Pelayanan Gereja dan Pendidikan Karakter berpengaruh terhadap Variabel terikat, Surat Pujian. Meskipun pengaruhnya positif, tidak terlalu signifikan. Pengembangan teori-teori ini di gereja diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengaruhnya terhadap hasil yang diharapkan, yakni sebagai surat pujian sesuai 2 Korintus 2:2-3.
PERANAN KEPRIBADIAN DAN BIMBINGAN GURU PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 23 JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Tambunan Daulat Marulitua
Published: January 2025

Pendidikan di sekolah terdapat aktivitas proses belajar mengajar yang melibatkan guru dan siswa. Aktivitas belajar bagi setiap individu, tidak selamanya berlangsung secara wajar. Kadang-kadang lancar, kadang-kadang tidak. Dalam hal semangat terkadang semangatnya tinggi, tetapi terkadang sulit untuk berkonsentrasi. Kesulitan belajar ini tidak selalu disebabkan karena faktor intelegensi yang rendah akan tetapi dapat juga disebabkan oleh kurangnya motivasi, baik dari diri sendiri maupun dari lingkungan sekitarnya. Oleh karena itu, peserta didik perlu diberikan rangsangan agar tumbuh motivasi pada diri setiap peserta didik tersebut. Tidak rahasia lagi adanya fenomena kemerosotan motivasi belajar mahasiswa dewasa ini, bukan hanya secara umum dan terjadi di berbagai daerah. Gejala tersebut selain berpotensi mengancam kelancaran studi dan harapan masa depan mahasiswa itu sendiri, tetapi juga berdampak buruk terhadap kualitas lulusan perguruan tinggi, bahkan kualitas generasi bangsa ke depan. Sebagai tenaga pengajar guru harus diberikan motivasi agar memiliki kepribadian yang menjadi teladan dan melaksanakan bimbingan guna meningkatkan motivasi siswa, khususnya dalammeningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa.