bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AÇO INOXIDÁVEL 304
Authors: SILVA VINICIUS SAMUEL PEREIRA , SILVA WELLINGTON PEREIRA , BAETA JOSE GUILHERME COELHO , SILVA WELLINGTON PEREIRA , CRUZ ANDERSON FLAMAREON DOS SANTOS , VIEIRA ANDERSON VANTUIR NOBRE , PIMENTEL MICHELE SANTOS , LOPES FERNANDO PEREIRA
Published: December 2020

O aco inoxidavel foi desenvolvido por Harry Brearley com intuito de atender as solicitacoes de fabricantes de armas, devido ao calor gerado pela combustao da polvora na circunvizinhanca. Logo apos, ganhou ampla repercussao devido as suas caracteristicas de resistencia a oxidacao, contribuindo em diversos seguimentos na engenharia. Entretanto, estudos recentes sobre sua oxidacao e integridade demonstraram a necessidade de mudar suas propriedades mecanicas para se comportar com boa eficiencia, originando a classe dos acos inoxidaveis. Assim, o presente trabalho objetiva realizar um estudo literario sobre os aco inoxidaveis e em especial o 304, observando os seus principais processos de producao, caracteristicas, demanda e aplicabilidade na engenharia de modo geral. Para isso utilizou-se a metodologia de revisao bibliografica buscando analisar e fundamentar o emprego do aco 304 em alguns seguimentos tecnologicos, como sua aplicacao no meio aeronautico e automobilistico. Ao final, foi demonstrado que o aco inoxidavel 304 e muito usado por diferenciar-se dos outros em questao de eficacia e durabilidade, caracteristicas individuais marcantes especialmente veiculos de transporte. Contudo, e necessario salienta os impactos naturais provenientes do uso desordenado do aco inoxidavel 304, capaz de comprometer a disponibilidade desse material em um futuro proximo.,
AUDIÊNCIA DE CUSTÓDIA - GARANTISMO OU MERA POLITICA DESCARCERIZANTE
Authors: LIMA GUSTAVO HENRIQUE GARCIA , SILVA VINICIUS SAMUEL PEREIRA , LOPES FERNANDO PEREIRA , SILVA VINICIUS SAMUEL PEREIRA , PIMENTEL MICHELE SANTOS
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem por finalidade demonstrar o principal sentido da implementacao das audiencias de custodia. Apos breve introducao conceitual e analise da cronologia de aplicacao do instituto, desenvolveu-se uma leitura do cenario situacional do Estado. O estudo culminou no entendimento de que as audiencias de custodia foram instituidas sob uma egide garantista, mas nao passou de mera politica de esvaziamento do sistema prisional brasileiro.,
O ASSISTENCIALISMO DAS IGREJAS EVANGÉLICAS E SUA EFICIÊNCIA
Authors: MAGALHAES RANIERE , MORAES DANIELA DE OLIVEIRA , SOMBRA DIEGO COSTA , MORAES DANIELA DE OLIVEIRA , SOUZA JOAO CARLOS FELIX
Published: December 2020

O assistencialismo, que envolve acoes realizadas com o proposito de atender a demandas sociais emergenciais, tem transformado um direito do cidadao em mero favor ou obra de caridade. As igrejas, em seu papel de pessoa juridica de direito privado, decidem quando e como prestar auxilio aos menos favorecidos. O trabalho busca investigar e identificar os fatores que influenciam essa tomada de decisao, aplicando-se a metodologia de Modelagem de Equacoes Estruturais com Minimos Quadrados Parciais (PLS-SEM), que demonstra as relacoes causais entre as variaveis do modelo. Na segunda parte deste artigo, apresenta-se o grau de eficiencia das acoes realizadas pelas igrejas evangelicas, obtido por meio da aplicacao da metodologia de Analise Envoltoria de Dados (DEA). Conclui-se que Caracteristica Ministerial e Motivacao Pessoal sao os fatores que mais influenciam na decisao de realizar acoes evangelistico-assistenciais, devendo ser os itens prioritarios na atuacao dos lideres e membros das igrejas que desejem analisar ou ponderar suas decisoes. Das 68 igrejas pesquisadas apenas 17,6% alcancaram a eficiencia, conforme demonstra a metodologia utilizada.,
ANÁLISE DO PERFIL DOS INGRESSANTES NO CURSO DE ENGENHARIA QUÍMICA DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE LOCALIZADA NO ESTADO DE ALAGOAS
Authors: MORENO TERTULIANO FERREIRA , MOURA ANA CAROLINA DE SANTANA , CUNHA MIRYAM TORRES DOS SANTOS , MOURA ANA CAROLINA DE SANTANA
Published: December 2020

A escolha do curso superior apresenta diversos desafios, que vao desde as expectativas da propria familia e do futuro graduando com relacao ao curso escolhido, a area que o ingressante ira trabalhar e as motivacoes durante a sua formacao, dentre isto o curso de Engenharia Quimica e uma alternativa entre os diversos cursos superiores existentes no pais. Logo, neste contexto, esta pesquisa analisou o perfil dos ingressantes no curso de Engenharia Quimica, em 2020, de uma Universidade do estado de Alagoas, bem como as motivacoes para tal escolha na mesma. Para isto, esta pesquisa utilizou o metodo qualitativo, por meio de um questionario, no qual foram feitas perguntas que possibilitassem esclarecer os objetivos da mesma, logo este trabalho conseguiu analisar o perfil dos ingressantes o qual a maioria deles foram mulheres pertencentes a faixa de 17 a 24 anos que escolheram o curso por sua identificacao, mesmo em sua maioria alegarem que mudariam de graduacao se possuissem a chance. Alem disto, metade dos ingressantes mostraram escassez de conhecimento quanto as areas associadas ao curso, seja ela por causa de ma divulgacao por parte da Universidade ou pela falta de desejo quanto a procura de informacoes ligadas a area da Engenharia Quimica pelo estudante.,
A EFICIÊNCIA DAS VARAS CÍVEIS DO DISTRITO FEDERAL: APLICAÇÃO DA ANÁLISE DE CLUSTER E ANÁLISE ENVOLTÓRIA DE DADOS
Authors: SELVA CARLOS ROBERTO GONCALVES , GOMES ALLAN TIMO , COSTA JOAO PAULO VIEIRA , GOMES ALLAN TIMO , SOUZA JOAO GABRIEL DE MORAES
Published: December 2020

O Tribunal de Justica do Distrito Federal e Territorios possui atualmente 53 Varas Civeis em todo o Distrito Federal. Tendo em vista o crescente volume de processos peticionados por essa corte, faz-se necessaria a constante busca pela eficiencia na utilizacao dos recursos dessas Varas para a conducao dos processos judiciais. Baseado na aplicacao da ferramenta Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), que e uma tecnica nao parametrica de pesquisa operacional utilizada para mensuracao de eficiencias relativas, este trabalho busca uma forma adequada de aplicar esta metodologia com o objetivo de identificar possibilidades de melhorias nas eficiencias das Varas Civeis do Distrito Federal. Tendo em vista a heterogeneidade dos dados utilizados, optou-se pela segmentacao das Varas Civeis por meio da aplicacao da analise de cluster e foi verificado se esta analise obteve resultados melhores que a aplicacao do DEA sem o cluster. Como resultado, notou-se que a combinacao entre o DEA e analise de cluster teve melhor exito na identificacao de possiveis ineficiencias.,
UMA ANÁLISE DA TARIFAÇÃO ENERGÉTICA VISANDO A UTILIZAÇÃO EFICIÊNTE EM UMA EMPRESA DE ALAGOAS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: MAGALHAES THAILYS CAMPOS , ALBUQUERQUE NICOLAS LENNICK BOMFIM DE , CUNHA MIRYAM TORRES DOS SANTOS , ALBUQUERQUE NICOLAS LENNICK BOMFIM DE , MORENO TERTULIANO FERREIRA
Published: December 2020

A escassez de recursos naturais para a geracao de energia traz uma preocupacao quanto a solucoes eficientes ao que tange o uso de energia. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo principal a realizacao de uma analise contratual do fornecimento de energia eletrica em conjunto com um estudo sobre as faturas mensais visando a reducao de custos em uma empresa sediada na cidade de Ibateguara no estado de Alagoas. Para tanto, foi realizada uma analise comparativa das modalidades tarifarias e um estudo quanto a otimizacao da demanda contratada. Logo, o estudo conseguiu indicar que a demanda contratada era muito maior ao o que era usado pela empresa e assim esta empresa possui um acrescimo aos seus gastos, pois mesmo longe do limite da demanda, a mesma deveria pagar pelo limite. Alem disto, foi encontrada uma demanda otima a qual cabia a necessidade desta empresa. Portanto, o estudo constatou que a mudanca de tarifacao para a azul permitira a empresa uma reducao nos gastos com energia eletrica, considerando os parametros propostos, porem ha uma necessidade de garantir que havera uma diminuicao de carga na ponta.,
OS IMPACTOS DA VIBRAÇÃO DE CORPO INTEIRO NOS TRIPULANTES DE HELICÓPTEROS DO CORPO DE BOMBEIROS MILITAR DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: SILVA VINICIUS SAMUEL PEREIRA , CAMARGOS NELSON SANTANA , DUARTE MARIA LUCIA MACHADO , CAMARGOS NELSON SANTANA
Published: December 2020

As vibracoes de corpo inteiro estao presentes em maquinas e ambientes, incluindo os meios de transportes e trabalho, como as aeronaves. No entanto, podem ser omitidas como fontes de fadiga e disturbios organicos. Os efeitos da vibracao de corpo inteiro (VCI) na tripulacao de helicoptero sao silenciosos e cumulativos. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar quais niveis de vibracao estao submetidos os tripulantes de helicoptero do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar de Minas Gerais - CBMMG, estabelecendo onde estes niveis se enquadram na norma ISO 2631-1/1997 e Diretiva 2002/44/CE, que lidam sobre a questao de VCI. O CBMMG opera o helicoptero modelo Esquilo (H350). Para tanto foram feitas as mensuracoes na aeronave com um vibrometro que coleta dados em m/s², sendo os dados parametrizados para a aceleracao ponderada aw. Quanto aos valores de aceleracao, a avaliacao da vibracao diaria para um periodo relativo a oito horas - A (8), extrapolou o limite previsto de 1,15 m/s², ficando em 1,88 m/s² para pilotos e 1,33 m/s² para tripulantes. Para o Valor da Dose de Vibracao - VDV, os parametros medidos ficaram dentro de limite especificado (17 m/s²), tendo valor maximo de 9,8 m/s². Quanto ao nivel de conforto, previsto na ISO 2631-1/1997, valores acima de 2m/s² foram adquiridos, colocando algumas situacoes de voo como muito desconfortaveis, conforme a norma. Estes resultados contribuem de forma direta para o fator da fadiga de voo, fator contribuinte de presenca macica nos varios acidentes aeronauticos bem como nas enfermidades cronicas dos tripulantes de helicoptero, principalmente associados a coluna vertebral.,
SE O NARCOTRÁFICO É UM NEGÓCIO LUCRATIVO, O QUE A JUSTIÇA TEM FEITO COM OS BENS APREENDIDOS?
Authors: KETTERMANN BEATRIZ JOHN
Published: December 2020

Diante do quadro lucrativo do comercio ilegal de drogas aproveitado no Brasil e no mundo todo, a pesquisa teve como objetivo geral buscar novas formas de aplicar os recursos obtidos das apreensoes do narcotrafico, devolvendo para a sociedade em forma de investimento em politicas publicas, principalmente na reducao da oferta e do consumo de drogas.
Os objetivos especificos foram divididos em tres pontos:
a) Realizar uma analise dos avancos trazidos pela nova legislacao, durante os ultimos anos, demonstrando como tem se tornado eficiente na pratica;
b) Fazer uma abordagem acerca de como se pode, futuramente, facilitar ainda mais a desburocratizacao do problema, ocasionando uma maior arrecadacao para o Fundo Nacional Antidrogas (FUNAD); e,
c) Dar uma destinacao adequada dos recursos de tal forma que a comunidade visualize os frutos daquilo serem aplicados de uma forma positiva, agindo o ente competente como funcao reparadora da lesao ao bem juridico.
Ademais, a demora no processamento das demandas e a falta de infraestrutura dos depositos, fez com que mudancas na legislacao fossem necessarias. E entao, o nascimento de uma lei reformulando a tematica da gestao dos ativos veio a facilitar a venda de bens apreendidos em investigacoes do trafico de drogas, isso porque os bens em deposito acabam imprestaveis pela ma conservacao e pelo decurso do tempo.
Deste modo, a pesquisa desenvolvida se propos a discutir o que atualmente e feito no ambito da gestao dos ativos apreendidos de acoes penais sobre narcotrafico e crimes conexos, correlacionando com o que ja era realizado antes da Lei no 13.886/2019 e o que pode ser feito a titulo de avancos no que concerne ao tema.
Assim, a pertinencia do assunto para a sociedade contemporanea e indiscutivel, pois todos nos, de alguma forma somos impactados pela circulacao, no mercado, dos frutos do trafico de drogas. Diante disso, se buscou apresentar alternativas rentaveis, que visem aumentar a captacao desses recursos, a fim de que se maximize a devolucao deles a sociedade, em forma de investimento em politicas publicas, principalmente na reducao da oferta de drogas.,
CUSTAS JUDICIAIS E O ACESSO À JUSTIÇA: UMA ANÁLISE DOS DADOS DO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Authors: OLIVEIRA MATTEUS HENRIQUE DE , LUCAS JOAO VICTOR
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo apresenta um desenvolvimento acerca do acesso a justica, sua construcao historica, os principais desafios a sua perpetuacao e as tentativas brasileiras, em solucionar as dificuldades relativas ao tema. Ainda, buscou-se iniciar uma investigacao acerca dos custos judiciais e seu impacto na efetivacao do acesso a Justica. Dessa forma, dividiu-se o trabalho em um resgate historico do conceito teorico do acesso a justica. Na sequencia, levantaram-se os principais desafios para sua perpetuacao. Na sequencia, a partir das legislacoes do Estado do Parana, analisou-se os valores referentes as custas judiciais estipuladas por Lei da Tabela I, que diz respeito as Secretarias, comparando-as com a evolucao dos dados inflacionarios do periodo. Objetivou-se obter um comparativo em relacao ao seu aumento ou diminuicao, comparando-se, fundamentalmente, a renda da populacao brasileira e o quanto a renda media do trabalhador seria comprometida ao se adentrar com um processo judicial. Por fim, listam-se as principais alternativas apresentadas hoje em nosso ordenamento, sejam elas judiciais ou extrajudiciais, na tentativa de garantir um acesso a justica a uma maior quantidade de pessoas, seja na perspectiva da diminuicao dos custos as partes, seja na propria facilitacao burocratica do sistema.,
موصفات كتاب اللغة العربية لأغراض خاصة في مجال علم الأدب العربي لتنمية مهارة الطلبة في القراءة لقسم اللغة العربية وآدابها بجامعة رياض العلوم تاسيكملايا
Authors: Riyadi Agus
Published: December 2020

يعتبر إعداد الكتاب التعليمي واختيارها من أصعب الأمور التي تواجهون المسئولين عن البرامج التعليمية، ذلك لأن أيا من العمليتين يحتاج المجموعة من المعايير والضوابط والشروط والمواصفات التي بدونها تصبح كلتاهما عملية غير علمية. وكان تعليم اللغة العربيّة لأغراض خاصّة حركة حديثة في ميدان تعليم اللغة العربيّة للناطقين بغيرها فى هذا العصرالرقمي، حيث يركّز في هذا النوع من التعليم إلى حاجات الدارسين في تعلّم اللغة العربيّة آدابها وثقافتها إما لأغراض أكاديمية، ولأغراض وظيفية، ولرجال الأعمال وما أشبه ذلك. ومع ذلك  أن موصفات الكتاب التعليمي على درجة كبيرة من الأهمية، وتأتي في المرتبة الأولى قبل الأدوات والأجهزة. وكتاب اللغة العربية لأغراض خاصة لقسم اللغة العربية وآدابها بجامعة رياض العلوم تاسيكملايا له موصفات خاصة فيه. بناء على ذلك، حاول الباحث أن يبحث عن موصفات كتاب اللغة العربية لأغراض خاصة التي استخدم الباحث لتعليمها في هذه الجامعة. وكان هذا البحث من نوع الدراسة الوصفية التحليلية. ومن أهم نتائج هذا البحث، أن خصائصها يحتوي على الغلاف الداخلي والخارجي والمقالة الرئيسئة والمفردات والتدريبات كما أدت هذه المواد إلى تنمية مهارة الطلبة في القراءة ويختص استعمالها للمدرسين وطلبة الجامعة.
PENGARUH NILAI PELANGGAN DAN KEPUASAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS ANGGOTA CREDIT UNION KELING KUMANG NANGA PINOH KABUPATEN MELAWI
Authors: Fadli Mochammad Faisal
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of customer value and satisfaction on the loyalty of members of the Credit Union Keling Kumang Nanga Pinoh Melawi Regency. The number of respondents was 100 respondents. The instrument used for data collection was in the form of a Likert scale questionnaire. This type of research is causal research design is research that is useful for analyzing the relationships between one variable with another variable or how a variable affects other variables. Based on data processing using regression analysis, it is evident that customer value and satisfaction have a significant effect on the loyalty of respondents as members of CU. Keling Kumang in Nanga Pinoh, Melawi Regency. The magnitude of the effect of customer value and satisfaction variables on the rise and fall of values or variations in the loyalty variable is 30.60% while 69.40% is influenced by other variables besides the variables in this study
An Optimized Cleaning Robot Path Generation and Execution System using Cellular Representation of Workspace
Authors: He Qile , Sun Yu
Published: December 2020

Many robot applications depend on solving the Complete Coverage Path Problem (CCPP). Specifically, robot vacuum cleaners have seen increased use in recent years, and some models offer room mapping capability using sensors such as LiDAR. With the addition of room mapping, applied robotic cleaning has begun to transition from random walk and heuristic path planning into an environment-aware approach. In this paper, a novel solution for pathfinding and navigation of indoor robot cleaners is proposed. The proposed solution plans a path from a priori cellular decomposition of the work environment. The planned path achieves complete coverage on the map and reduces duplicate coverage. The solution is implemented inside the ROS framework, and is validated with Gazebo simulation. Metrics to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm seek to evaluate the efficiency by speed, duplicate coverage and distance travelled.
Towards a Risk Assessment Model for Big Data in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Drissi Saadia , Elhasnaoui Soukaina , Iguer Hajar , Benhadou Siham , Medromi Hicham
Published: December 2020

Cloud computing gives a relevant and adaptable support for Big Data by the ease of use, access to resources, low cost use of resources, and the use of strong equipment to process big data. Cloud and big data center on developing the value of a business while reducing capital costs. Big data and cloud computing, both favor companies and by cause of their benefit, the use of big data growths extremely in the cloud. With this serious increase, there are several emerging risk security concerns. Big data has more vulnerabilities with the comparison to classical database, as this database are stored in servers owned by the cloud provider. The various usage of data make safety-related big data in the cloud intolerable with the traditional security measures. The security of big data in the cloud needs to be looked at and discussed. In this current paper, my colleagues and me will present and discuss the risk assessment of big-data applications in cloud computing environments and present some ideas for assessing these risks.
Digiprescription: An Intelligent System to Enable Paperless Prescription using Mobile Computing and Natural-language Processing
Authors: Zhang Richard , Zhao Mary , Jiang Yucheng , Rithya Sophadeth , Sun Yu
Published: December 2020

Through our app, it is aimed to teach and tell the patients how to use the drug properly taking off the chances of putting their lives in danger, especially the elderly. It is also efficient to give patients these instructions as well as saving lots of paper. Because of the law, every drug that is given from the pharmacy to the user includes a receipt that lists information of, patient’s information, drug information, insurance information, directions on taking the medicine (black box warning issued by FDA), medication details on how it works, side effects, storage rules, and etc. These pieces of information are crucial to patients, where it tells them how to use the drug properly, but most people would throw these receipts away, which is a risk as well as a waste. Through using this app, the patient can efficiently get information on how to properly use the drug. This application is also helpful, where the user can choose to set reminders on when to eat this drug each week or month.
FPGA Routing Acceleration by Extracting Unsatisfiable Subformulas
Authors: Jianmin Zhang , Tiejun Li , Kefan Ma
Published: December 2020

Explaining the causes of infeasibility of Boolean formulas has practical applications in various fields. A small unsatisfiable subset can provide a succinct explanation of infeasibility and is valuable for applications, such as FPGA routing. The Boolean-based FPGA detailed routing formulation expresses the routing constraints as a Boolean function which is satisfiable if and only if the layout is routable. The unsatisfiable subformulas can help the FPGA routing tool to diagnose and eliminate the causes of unroutable. For this typical application, a resolutionbased local search algorithm to extract unsatisfiable subformulas is integrated into Booleanbased FPGA routing method. The fastest algorithm of deriving minimum unsatisfiable subformulas, called the branch-and-bound algorithm, is adopted to compare with the local search algorithm. On the standard FPGA routing benchmark, the results show that the local search algorithm outperforms the branch-and-bound algorithm on runtime. It is also concluded that the unsatisfiable subformulas play a very important role in FPGA routing real applications.
U-MentalismUtility Patent: an Overview
Authors: Homem Luís
Published: December 2020

This paper discloses in synthesis a super-computation computer architecture (CA) model, presently a provisional Patent Application at INPI (nº 116408). The outline is focused on a method to perform computation at or near the speed of light, resorting to an inversion of the Princeton CA. It expands from isomorphic binary/RGB (typical) digital “images”, in a network of (UTM)s over Turing-machines (M)s. From the binary/RGB code, an arithmetic theory of (typical) digital images permits fully synchronous/orthogonal calculus in parallelism, wherefrom an exponential surplus is achieved. One such architecture depends on any “cell”- like exponential-prone basis such as the “pixel”, or rather the RGB “octet-byte”, limited as it may be, once it is congruent with any wave-particle duality principle in observable objects under the electromagnetic spectrum and reprogrammable designed. Well-ordered instructions in binary/RGB modules are, further, programming composed to alter the structure of the Internet, in virtual/virtuous eternal recursion/recurrence, under man-machine/machine-machine communication ontology.
An Interactive Application to Assist Biology Learning using Augmented-reality
Authors: Li Wenxi
Published: December 2020

As students learn biology in term of molecule, cells, or proteins, cross section of 2D image is a traditional method study the details of them. However, this method cannot bridge the gap between reality and students’ imagination based on 2D image. This paper proposes a tool which can assist students to learn biology knowledge more effectively through augmented-reality. The experiments on accuracy and performance of the image pattern recognition indicates that FAST algorithm is the best choice currently. It reaches the highest accuracy of 94.5%.
SmartCallerBot: A Multi-level Incoming Call Number Detection and Blocking using Context-award Technique and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Fu Kaiwen , Chang Marisabel , Sun Yu
Published: December 2020

Recently, I have received many spam calls every day. My phone number is associated with many essential accounts due to this reason, so I could not change a new phone number. Sometimes the spam call wakes me up at 7 am on the weekend. This situation has sustained from March to June. It bothers my life. I have tried to put them in my phone blacklist, however every time the number call in is different, so my blacklist does not help so much. This paper proposes an application to automatically detect the call content and tell the user what kind of call it is. We applied our application to the call, especially from other states or countries. The results show that the app can detect if the call is a spam call or not.
Using Machine Learning Image Recognition for Code Reviews
Authors: Dorin Michael , Le Trang , Kolakaluri Rajkumar , Montenegro Sergio
Published: December 2020

It is commonly understood that code reviews are a cost-effective way of finding faults early in the development cycle. However, many modern software developers are too busy to do them. Skipping code reviews means a loss of opportunity to detect expensive faults prior to software release. Software engineers can be pushed in many directions and reviewing code is very often considered an undesirable task, especially when time is wasted reviewing programs that are not ready. In this study, we wish to ascertain the potential for using machine learning and image recognition to detect immature software source code prior to a review. We show that it is possible to use machine learning to detect software problems visually and allow code reviews to focus on application details. The results are promising and are an indication that further research could be valuable.
Finding Music Formal Concepts Consistent with Acoustic Similarity
Authors: Okubo Yoshiaki
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we present a method of finding conceptual clusters of music objects based on Formal Concept Analysis. A formal concept (FC) is defined as a pair of extent and intent which are sets of objects and terminological attributes commonly associated with the objects, respectively. Thus, an FC can be regarded as a conceptual cluster of similar objects for which its similarity can clearly be stated in terms of the intent. We especially discuss FCs in case of music objects, called music FCs. Since a music FC is based solely on terminological information, we often find extracted FCs would not always be satisfiable from acoustic point of view. In order to improve their quality, we additionally require our FCs to be consistent with acoustic similarity. We design an efficient algorithm for extracting desirable music FCs. Our experimental results for The MagnaTagATune Dataset shows usefulness of the proposed method.
Multi Scale Temporal Graph Networks for Skeleton-Based Action Recognition
Authors: Li Tingwei , Zhang Ruiwen , Li Qing
Published: December 2020

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) can effectively capture the features of related nodes and improve the performance of model. More attention is paid to employing GCN in Skeleton-Based action recognition. But existing methods based on GCNs have two problems. First, the consistency of temporal and spatial features is ignored for extracting features node by node and frame by frame. To obtain spatiotemporal features simultaneously, we design a generic representation of skeleton sequences for action recognition and propose a novel model called Temporal Graph Networks (TGN). Secondly, the adjacency matrix of graph describing the relation of joints are mostly depended on the physical connection between joints. To appropriate describe the relations between joints in skeleton graph, we propose a multi-scale graph strategy, adopting a full-scale graph, part-scale graph and core-scale graph to capture the local features of each joint and the contour features of important joints. Experiments were carried out on two large datasets and results show that TGN with our graph strategy outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Extracting the Significant Degrees of Attributes in Unlabeled Data using Unsupervised Machine Learning
Authors: Jik Lee Byoung
Published: December 2020

We propose a valid approach to find the degree of important attributes in unlabeled dataset to improve the clustering performance. The significant degrees of attributes are extracted through the training of unsupervised simple competitive learning with the raw unlabeled data. These significant degrees are applied to the original dataset and generate the weighted dataset reflected by the degrees of influentialvalues for the set ofattributes. This work is simulated on the UCI Machine Learning repository dataset. The Scikit-learn K-Means clustering with raw data, scaled data, and the weighted data are tested. The result shows that the proposed approach improves the performance.
Application of holography and automated image processing for laboratory experiments on mass and fall speed of small cloud ice crystals
Authors: Weitzel Maximilian , Mitra Subir K. , Szakáll Miklós , Fugal Jacob P. , Borrmann Stephan
Published: December 2020

Abstract. An ice cloud chamber was developed at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz for generating several thousand data points for mass and sedimentation velocity measurements of ice crystals with sizes less than 150 µm. Ice nucleation was initiated from a cloud of supercooled droplets by local cooling using a liquid nitrogen cold finger. Three-dimensional tracks of ice crystals falling through the slightly supersaturated environment were obtained from the reconstruction of sequential holographic images, automated detection of the crystals in the hologram reconstructions, and particle tracking. Through collection of the crystals and investigation under a microscope before and after melting, crystal mass was determined as a function of size. The experimentally obtained mass versus diameter (m(D)) power law relationship resulted in lower masses for small ice crystals than from commonly adopted parameterizations. Thus, they did not support the currently accepted extrapolation of relationships measured for larger crystal sizes. The relationship between Best (X) and Reynolds (Re) numbers for columnar crystals was found to be X=15.3 Re1.2, which is in general agreement with literature parameterizations.
Towards best possible safety – current regulatory research for the German site selection process for high-level radioactive waste disposal
Authors: Liebscher Axel , Borkel Christoph , Jendras Michael , Maurer-Rurack Ute , Rücker Carsten
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste
Management (BASE – Bundesamt für die Sicherheit der nuklearen
Entsorgung) is the German federal regulatory authority for radioactive waste
disposal. It supervises the German site selection process and is responsible
for the accompanying public participation. Task related research is an
integral part of BASE's activities. The projects MessEr and
übErStand compiled the state-of-the-art science and technology regarding surface
based exploration methods suitable for addressing the criteria and
requirements specified in the German Site Selection Act. The results support
BASE to review and define the surface-based exploration programs to be
executed by the national implementer BGE (Bundesgesellschaft für
Endlagerung mbH). To support BASE in reviewing the application of the
exclusion criteria “active fault zones” according to the Site Selection Act,
the project KaStör reviewed the current knowledge on active faults and fault zones
in Germany and recommends methodological approaches to date and identify the
activity of faulting. For the time being, the Site Selection Act defines
100 ∘C as a draft limit on the temperature at the outer surface
of a repository container for all host rocks. The project Grenztemperatur studied the
temperature dependency of the different
thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical/biological (THMC/B) processes
according to available features-events-processes (FEP) catalogues for rock
salt, clay stone, and crystalline rock and describes ways to defining host
rock specific maximum temperatures based on specific disposal and safety
concepts. Safety oriented weighting of different criteria and comparison of
different potential regions and sites are key challenges during the siting
process. The project MABeSt studied and reviewed methodological approaches to this
weighting and comparison problem with special emphasis on multi criteria
analysis (MCA) and multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA). A key
requirement for safe geological disposal of nuclear waste is barrier
integrity. The project PeTroS performed the first triaxial flow-through
experiments on natural rock salt samples at disposal relevant p−T conditions
and studied potential percolation mechanisms of fluids within rock salt. The
data substantiate that the minimum stress criterion and/or the dilatancy
criterion are the prime “percolation thresholds” in rock salt. The research
results support BASE in fulfilling its tasks as national regulator according
to state-of-the-art science and technology and are also relevant to other
stakeholders of the siting process.
Interactions between biogeochemical and management factors explain soil organic carbon in Pyrenean grasslands
Authors: Rodríguez Antonio , Canals Rosa Maria , Plaixats Josefina , Albanell Elena , Debouk Haifa , Garcia-Pausas Jordi , San Emeterio Leticia , Ribas Àngela , Jimenez Juan José , Sebastià M.-Teresa
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Grasslands are one of the major sinks of terrestrial soil organic carbon
(SOC). Understanding how environmental and management factors drive SOC is
challenging because they are scale-dependent, with large-scale drivers
affecting SOC both directly and through drivers working at small scales.
Here we addressed how regional, landscape and grazing management, soil
properties and nutrients, and herbage quality factors affect 20 cm depth SOC
stocks in mountain grasslands in the Pyrenees. Taking advantage of the high
variety of environmental heterogeneity in the Pyrenees, we built a dataset
(n=128) that comprises a wide range of environmental and management
conditions. This was used to understand the relationship between SOC stocks
and their drivers considering multiple environments. We found that
temperature seasonality (difference between mean summer temperature and mean
annual temperature; TSIS) was the most important geophysical driver of SOC
in our study, depending on topography and management. TSIS effects on SOC
increased in exposed hillsides, slopy areas, and relatively intensively
grazed grasslands. Increased TSIS probably favours plant biomass production,
particularly at high altitudes, but landscape and grazing management factors
regulate the accumulation of this biomass into SOC. Concerning biochemical
SOC drivers, we found unexpected interactive effects between grazer type,
soil nutrients and herbage quality. Soil N was a crucial SOC driver as
expected but modulated by livestock species and neutral detergent fibre contenting plant biomass; herbage recalcitrance effects varied depending on
grazer species. These results highlight the gaps in knowledge about SOC drivers in grasslands under different environmental and management
conditions. They may also serve to generate testable hypotheses in
later/future studies directed to climate change mitigation policies.
A fine-resolution soil moisture dataset for China in 2002–2018
Authors: Meng Xiangjin , Mao Kebiao , Meng Fei , Shi Jiancheng , Zeng Jiangyuan , Shen Xinyi , Cui Yaokui , Jiang Lingmei , Guo Zhonghua
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Soil moisture is an important parameter required for agricultural drought monitoring and climate change models. Passive microwave remote sensing technology has become an important means to quickly obtain soil moisture over large areas, but the coarse spatial resolution of microwave data imposes great limitations on the application of these data. We provide a unique soil moisture dataset (0.05°, monthly) for China from 2002–2018 based on reconstruction model-based downscaling techniques using soil moisture data from different passive microwave products (including the AMSR-E/2 Level 3 products and the SMOS-INRA-CESBIO (SMOS-IC) products) calibrated with a consistent model in combination with ground observation data. This new fine-resolution soil moisture dataset with a high spatial resolution overcomes the multisource data time matching problem between optical and microwave data sources and eliminates the difference between the different sensor observation errors. The validation analysis indicates that the accuracy of the new dataset is satisfactory (bias: −0.024, −0.030 and −0.016 m3/m3, unbiased root mean square error (ubRMSE): 0.051, 0.048 and 0.042, correlation coefficient (R): 0.82, 0.88, and 0.90 on monthly, seasonal and annual scales, respectively). The new dataset was used to analyze the spatiotemporal patterns of soil water content across China from 2002 to 2018. In the past 17 years, China's soil moisture has shown cyclical fluctuations and a downward trend (slope = −0.167, R = 0.750) and can be summarized as wet in the south and dry in the north, with increases in the west and decreases in the east. The reconstructed dataset can be widely used to significantly improve hydrologic and drought monitoring and can serve as an important input for ecological and other geophysical models. The data are published in the Zenodo at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4049958 (Meng et al., 2020).
Towards an improvement of OSL age uncertainties: modelling OSL ages with systematic errors, stratigraphic constraints and radiocarbon ages using the R package BayLum
Authors: Guérin Guillaume , Lahaye Christelle , Heydari Maryam , Autzen Martin , Buylaert Jan-Pieter , Guibert Pierre , Jain Mayank , Kreutzer Sebastian , Murray Andrew S. , Thomsen Kristina J. , Urbanova Petra , Philippe Anne
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Statistical analysis has become increasingly important in the field of OSL dating since it has become possible to measure signals at the single grain scale. The accuracy of large chronological datasets can benefit from the inclusion, in chronological modelling, of stratigraphic constraints and shared systematic errors. Recently, a number of Bayesian models have been developed for OSL age calculation; the R package BayLum allows implementing different such models, in particular for samples in stratigraphic order which share systematic errors. We first show how to introduce stratigraphic constraints in BayLum; then, we focus on the construction, based on measurement uncertainties, of dose covariance matrices to account for systematic errors specific to OSL dating. The nature (systematic versus random) of errors affecting OSL ages is discussed, based – as an example – on the dose rate determination procedure at the IRAMAT-CRP2A laboratory (Bordeaux). The effects of the stratigraphic constraints and dose covariance matrices are illustrated on example datasets. In particular, the interest of combining the modelling of systematic errors with independent ages, unaffected by these errors, is demonstrated. Finally, we discuss other common ways of estimating dose rates and how they may be taken into account in the covariance matrix by other potential users and laboratories. Test datasets are provided as supplementary material to the reader, together with an R Markdown tutorial allowing to reproduce all calculations and figures presented in this study.
Detection of atmospheric rivers with inline uncertainty quantification: TECA-BARD v1.0.1
Authors: O'Brien Travis A. , Risser Mark D. , Loring Burlen , Elbashandy Abdelrahman A. , Krishnan Harinarayan , Johnson Jeffrey , Patricola Christina M. , O'Brien John P. , Mahesh Ankur ,   Prabhat, Arriaga Ramirez Sarahí , Rhoades Alan M. , Charn Alexander , Inda Díaz Héctor , Collins William D.
Published: December 2020

Abstract. It has become increasingly common for researchers to utilize methods that identify weather features in climate models. There is an increasing recognition that the uncertainty associated with choice of detection method may affect our scientific understanding. For example, results from the Atmospheric River Tracking Method Intercomparison Project (ARTMIP) indicate that there are a broad range of plausible atmospheric river (AR) detectors and that scientific results can depend on the algorithm used. There are similar examples from the literature on extratropical cyclones and tropical cyclones. It is therefore imperative to develop detection techniques that explicitly quantify the uncertainty associated with the detection of events. We seek to answer the following question: given a “plausible” AR detector, how does uncertainty in the detector quantitatively impact scientific results? We develop a large dataset of global AR counts, manually identified by a set of eight researchers with expertise in atmospheric science, which we use to constrain parameters in a novel AR detection method. We use a Bayesian framework to sample from the set of AR detector parameters that yield AR counts similar to the expert database of AR counts; this yields a set of “plausible” AR detectors from which we can assess quantitative uncertainty. This probabilistic AR detector has been implemented in the Toolkit for Extreme Climate Analysis (TECA), which allows for efficient processing of petabyte-scale datasets. We apply the TECA Bayesian AR Detector, TECA-BARD v1.0.1, to the MERRA-2 reanalysis and show that the sign of the correlation between global AR count and El Niño–Southern Oscillation depends on the set of parameters used.
Revisiting paramagnetic relaxation enhancements in slowly rotating
systems: how long is the long range?
Authors: Bellomo Giovanni , Ravera Enrico , Calderone Vito , Botta Mauro , Fragai Marco , Parigi Giacomo , Luchinat Claudio
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Cross relaxation terms in paramagnetic systems that reorient rigidly with slow tumbling times can increase the effective longitudinal relaxation rates of protons of more than one order of magnitude. This is evaluated by simulating the time evolution of the nuclear magnetization using a complete relaxation matrix approach. The calculations show that the Solomon dependence of the relaxation rates on the metal-proton distance (as r−6) can be incorrect for protons farther than 15 Å from the metal, and thus can originate sizable errors in R1-derived distance restraints used, for instance, for protein structure determination. Furthermore, the chemical exchange of these protons with bulk water protons can enhance the relaxation rate of the solvent protons by far more than expected from the Solomon equation. Therefore, it may contribute significantly to the water proton relaxation rates measured at MRI magnetic fields in the presence of slow-rotating nanoparticles containing paramagnetic ions and a large number of exchangeable surface protons.
Forecasting flood hazards in real time: a surrogate model for hydrometeorological events in an Andean watershed
Authors: Contreras María Teresa , Gironás Jorge , Escauriaza Cristián
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Growing urban development, combined with the influence of El Niño and climate change, has increased the threat of large unprecedented floods induced by extreme precipitation in populated areas near mountain regions of South America. High-fidelity numerical models with physically based formulations can now predict inundations with a substantial level of detail for these regions, incorporating the complex morphology, and copying with insufficient data and the uncertainty posed by the variability of sediment concentrations. These simulations, however, typically have large computational costs, especially if there are multiple scenarios to deal with the uncertainty associated with weather forecast and unknown conditions. In this investigation we develop a surrogate model or meta-model to provide a rapid response flood prediction to extreme hydrometeorological events. Storms are characterized with a small set of parameters, and a high-fidelity model is used to create a database of flood propagation under different conditions. We use kriging to perform an interpolation and regression on the parameter space that characterize real events, efficiently approximating the flow depths in the urban area. This is the first application of a surrogate model in the Andes region. It represents a powerful tool to improve the prediction of flood hazards in real time, employing low computational resources. Thus, future advancements can focus on using and improving these models to develop early warning systems that help decision makers, managers, and city planners in mountain regions.
The coherence of the oceanic heat transport through the Nordic seas:
oceanic heat budget and interannual variability
Authors: Vesman Anna V. , Bashmachnikov Igor L. , Golubkin Pavel A. , Raj Roshin P.
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Atlantic Water is the main source of the heat and salt in the Arctic. On the way to the Arctic Ocean via the Nordic Seas, it interacts and mixes with other water masses which affects sea ice extent and deep water formation. The Atlantic Water heat transported into the Nordic Seas has a significant impact on the local climate and is investigated here along with its inter-annual variability using the ARMOR3D dataset, which is a collection of 3D monthly temperature, salinity and geostrophic velocities fields, derived from in situ and satellite data on a regular grid since 1993. The study region includes the eastern part of the Nordic seas, i.e., seven latitudinal transects from Svinoy section (65° N) to the northern part of the Fram Strait (78.8° N). The Atlantic Water heat advection decreases northwards, as a significant amount of heat is lost to the atmosphere and due to mixing with surrounding waters. As observed, the imbalance of heat fluxes in the upper layer leads to an increase in the upper ocean mean temperature over most of the study region. The correlations of the interannual variations of the advective heat fluxes rapidly drop from Svinoy to Jan Mayen sections and between Bear Island and Sorkapp sections. This is a result of a differential damping of periodicities (the 2–3 year and 5–6 year oscillations), as well as of different signs of the tendencies over the latest decades. The heat fluxes at all sections show a consistent change with meridional (C) and western (W) weather types, which is due to the different direction of the Ekman pumping associated with each of the weather types. A certain link to the NAO, AO and EA atmospheric indices is observed only at the southern sections.
A Reading of Bhabendra Nath Saikia's Films from Feminist Lens
Authors: Dutta Minakshi
Published: December 2020

Feminist movement deconstructs the constructed images of women on the screen as well. The gap between real and reel woman is a vibrant topic of discussion for the feminist scholars. As a regional genre of Indian film industry Assamese film flourished during the third decades of twentieth century. Like the films of other parts of the world, Assamese films also constructing the image of woman, particularly Assamese women, in its own way of projection. Hence, this article is an attempt to explore the questions related to women’s representation by taking the films of Assamese director Dr. Bhabendra Nath Saikia as reference. Moreover, as per the demand of the article it will cover a historical overview of the representation of women in Indian cinema and Assamese cinema. Different theories from psychoanalysis and feminism will be applied to analyze the select movies.
Transformation of Love in the Digital Age: The film Her and Reaching God through the love in the Perspective of Sufism
Authors: Serttaş Aybike
Published: December 2020

In this research, two forms of love; digital love and the love for God are the chosen themes to analyse the movie Her with the method of semiotic analysis. Mentioning the differences between love simulacrums created in social media and love in real life, the semiotic analysis of the movie Her is carried out with the indicators that match the criteria to find God through love in Sufism. As a result, it is observed that these characteristics in Sufism correspond to the traits that form digital love. In other words, digital love is an emotional state in which someone or something is idealized without being seen in person just like the concept of love in Sufism. The digital age has transformed spiritual values despite the fact that the quest for emotional attachment has been constant since the beginning of human existence.