bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction of quasi-twisted codes and enumeration of defining polynomials
Authors: GULLİVER T. Aaron , VENKAİAH Vadlamudi Ch.
Published: November 2019

Let $d_{q}(n,k)$ be the maximum possible minimum Hamming distance of a linear [$n,k$] code over $\mathbb{F}_{q}$.
Tables of best known linear codes exist for small fields and some results are known for larger fields.
Quasi-twisted codes are constructed using $m \times m$ twistulant matrices and many of these are the best known codes.
In this paper, the number of $m \times m$ twistulant matrices over $\mathbb{F}_q$ is enumerated
and linear codes over $\mathbb{F}_{17}$ and $\mathbb{F}_{19}$ are constructed for $k$ up to $5$.
A class of constacyclic codes containing formally self-dual and isodual codes
Authors: SİNGH Manjit
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we investigate a class of constacyclic codes which contains isodual codes and formally self-dual codes. Further, we introduce a recursive approach to obtain the explicit factorization of $x^{2^m\ell^n}-\mu_k\in\mathbb{F}_q[x]$, where $n, m$ are positive integers and $\mu_k$ is an element of order $\ell^k$ in $\mathbb{F}_q$. Moreover, we give many examples of interesting isodual and formally self-dual constacyclic codes.
Locally recoverable codes from planar graphs
Authors: HAYMAKER Kathryn , O'PELLA Justin
Published: November 2019

In this paper we apply Kadhe and Calderbank's definition of LRCs from convex polyhedra and planar graphs \cite{KAD} to analyze the codes resulting from 3-connected regular and almost regular planar graphs. The resulting edge codes are locally recoverable with availability two. We prove that the minimum distance of planar graph LRCs is equal to the girth of the graph, and we also establish a new bound on the rate of planar graph edge codes. Constructions of regular and almost regular planar graphs are given, and their associated code parameters are determined. In certain cases, the code families meet the rate bound.
$G$-codes over formal power series rings and finite chain rings
Authors: DOUGHERTY Steven T. , GİLDEA Joe , KORBAN Adrian
Published: November 2019

In this work, we define $G$-codes over the infinite ring $R_\infty$ as ideals in the group ring $R_\infty G$. We show that the dual of a $G$-code is again a $G$-code in this setting. We study the projections and lifts of $G$-codes over the finite chain rings and over the formal power series rings respectively. We extend known results of constructing $\gamma$-adic codes over $R_\infty$ to $\gamma$-adic $G$-codes over the same ring. We also study $G$-codes over principal ideal rings.
Constructions of MDS convolutional codes using superregular matrices
Authors: LİEB Julia , PİNTO Raquel
Published: November 2019

Maximum distance separable convolutional codes are the codes that present best performance in error correction among all convolutional codes with certain rate and degree. In this paper, we show that taking the constant matrix coefficients of a polynomial matrix as submatrices of a superregular matrix, we obtain a column reduced generator matrix of an MDS convolutional code with a certain rate and a certain degree. We then present two novel constructions that fulfill these conditions by considering two types of superregular matrices.
Temper and temperament of prehistoric craft: Temper type evolution and clay body 'workability'
Authors: Bebber Michelle R. , Eren Metin I.
Published: November 2019

Temper is an additive incorporated into clay during the formation of a ceramic vessel, and may consist of various materials. In a number of previous experiments over the past several decades, archaeologists have experimentally demonstrated that tempers used by prehistoric craftspeople would have imparted important post-firing use-life properties to ceramic vessels. However, although widely touted, the notion that prehistoric temper types would have aided in pre-firing vessel formation has never been systematically tested. Here, we experimentally assess whether calcium carbonate-based tempers, like limestone and burnt shell, would have made clay bodies more workable relative to silicate-based grit temper, as has been previously proposed. In this study, participants were asked to build five simple and challenging three-dimensional forms using grit-, limestone- and shell-tempered clay bodies, and then rank these conditions in terms of workability. Our statistical and qualitative assessments of these data were unambiguous: contrary to claims in the scientific literature, the calcium carbonate tempers did not make clay bodies more workable, and were consistently, sometimes significantly, ranked lower than silicate grit-tempered clay bodies in terms of workability. Our results have several implications for temper selection and evolution in prehistory, specifically during the widespread silicate grit to calcium carbonate transition during the Late Woodland period (AD 500–1400) of the North American Midwest.
Film festivals and the mediations of locality
Authors: Ingle Hrishikesh
Published: November 2019

This article elaborates on the discursive role and mediations of local contexts in non-fiction film festivals that are organised in small-town settings in India. It argues that apart from the ideological imperative of forging an alternative discourse, local film festivals that are focused on non-fiction films and documentary cinema are also instrumental in producing an exuberant spatiality for re-articulating resistance as a function of filmmaking. Although this corresponds with the practices of Third Cinema of the 1970s, the temporality of the 2000s has provided a newfound relevance for locality, and its social spatial dimensions. The article develops this argument by undertaking a detailed case analysis of the Ankur Film Festival, conducted in Nashik since 2012. Identifying the numerous negotiations embedded in the trajectory of the film festival, the article also conceptualises a festival mode of cinema for contemporary social conditions.
The role of autophagy in the thyroid tumors development, connection with the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway activation
Authors: Spirina Liudmila , Chizhevskaya Svetlana , Kondakova Irina , Tarasenko Natalia
Published: November 2019

Autophagy is an important intracellular process that ensures cell death and survival. Activation of molecular mechanisms in thyroid cancer development is associated with a change in the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway status. At the same time, the existence of protective autophagy, as one of the mechanisms of disease progression and the formation of resistance to treatment, has been proven. The review describes the molecular mechanisms of the autophagy development, its association with key signaling cascades, in particular AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway. A significant signaling molecule m-TOR, in this case, contributes to the development of the tumor, the proliferation of transformed cells, apoptosis inhibition, and to the development of autophagy.

The significance of this phenomenon at all stages of carcinogenesis, affecting the main signal kinases: AKT, mTOR, is noted. It is shown that in most cases this mechanism is responsible for the progression of the disease and the development of resistance to treatment. The development of thyroid cancer associated with the BRAF mutation and with the activation of the RET1 oncoprotein, as well as with the formation of radio-resistant forms of the disease is associated with molecular peculiarities of autophagy. Given the inconsistency of this phenomenon regarding their influence on the processes of oncogenesis, its role in the development of thyroid cancer is still unknown.
A review of annotation classification tools in the educational domain
Authors: Gayoso-Cabada Joaquín , Sarasa-Cabezuelo Antonio , Sierra-Rodríguez José-Luis
Published: November 2019

An annotation consists of a portion of information that is associated with a piece of content in order to explain something about the content or to add more information. The use of annotations as a tool in the educational field has positive effects on the learning process. The usual way to use this instrument is to provide students with contents, usually textual, with which they must associate annotations. In most cases this task is performed in groups of students who work collaboratively. This process encourages analysis and understanding of the contents since they have to understand them in order to annotate them, and also encourages teamwork. To facilitate its use, computer applications have been developed in recent decades that implement the annotation process and offer a set of additional functionalities. One of these functionalities is the classification of the annotations made. This functionality can be exploited in various ways in the learning process, such as guiding the students in the annotation process, providing information to the student about how the annotation process is done and to the teacher about how the students write and how they understand the content, as well as implementing other innovative educational processes. In this sense, the classification of annotations plays a critical role in the application of the annotation in the educational field. There are many studies of annotations, but most of them consider the classification aspect marginally only. This paper presents an exploratory study of the classification mechanisms used in the annotation tools, identifying four types of cases: absence of classification mechanisms, classification based on controlled vocabularies, classification based on folksonomies, and classification based on ontologies.
Regularity of minimal surfaces with lower-dimensional obstacles
Authors: Fernández-Real Xavier , Serra Joaquim
Published: November 2019

We study the Plateau problem with a lower-dimensional obstacle in

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

. Intuitively, in

ℝ
3

{\mathbb{R}^{3}}

this corresponds to a soap film (spanning a given contour) that is pushed from below by a “vertical” 2D half-space (or some smooth deformation of it).
We establish almost optimal

C

1
,

1
2

-

{C^{1,\frac{1}{2}-}}

estimates for the solutions near points on the free boundary of the contact set, in any dimension

n
≥
2

{n\geq 2}

.
The

C

1
,

1
2

-

{C^{1,\frac{1}{2}-}}

estimates follow from an ε-regularity result for minimal surfaces with thin obstacles in the spirit of the De Giorgi’s improvement of flatness. To prove it, we follow Savin’s small perturbations method. A nontrivial difficulty in using Savin’s approach for minimal surfaces with thin obstacles is that near a typical contact point the solution consists of two smooth surfaces that intersect transversally, and hence it is not very flat at small scales.
Via a new “dichotomy approach” based on barrier arguments we are able to overcome this difficulty and prove the desired result.
Fetal head entrapment within the lower uterine segment
Authors: Levy Ariel T. , Yurkanin Melissa A. , Plante Lauren A.
Published: November 2019

Fetal head entrapment by a uterine scar or adhesion is a rare obstetric complication. We present a case of a uterine constriction diagnosed in pregnancy that resulted in confinement of the fetal head to the lower uterine segment. The developing fetus ultimately suffered growth restriction of the head and was delivered after the mother experienced preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Severe adhesions of the lower uterine segment were confirmed during the patient’s classical cesarean section.
Mapping Critical Anthropocene Discourses in Musical Artefacts: Whiteness, Absence, and the Intersecting “-Cenes” in Prurient’s The History of Aids
Authors: Woods Peter J.
Published: November 2019

In critiquing the humanism of the Anthropocene, scholars have proposed multiple “-cenes” of their own (i.e. the Capitalocene, Plantationocene, and Necrocene). However, authors often consider these formations in isolation rather than considering the intersection between them. To address this oversight, I propose the use of musical artefacts as a site of examination as the forces behind these “-cenes” embed traces of themselves into these recordings and performances. Power electronics, a subgenre of noise music, provides an exceptionally fruitful area of research because of its tendency towards disruption as both a musical and ideological gesture. This inclination creates space for artists to evoke non-dominant narratives, allowing for new forms of interaction between “-cenes” to emerge. By way of example, I analyse the album The History of AIDS by power electronics artist Prurient. Utilizing Deleuze and Guattari’s notion of the rhizome as a framework for interaction, the album evokes the sexual and racial politics within the Capitalocene, Necrocene, and Plantationocene, allowing space for audiences to consider all three formations simultaneously. This manoeuvring between various “-cenes” highlights the ways in which music acts as a “-ceneic” meeting ground and implies new directions for research.
The Infinite Learning Chain. Flipped Professional Labs for Learning and Knowledge Co-Creation
Authors: Gordillo Martorell José Antonio , Martin-Torres Javier , Zorzano Mier María-Paz , Mathanlal Thasshwin , Cuartielles David , Johansson Mattis
Published: November 2019

Nowadays universities and other classical research institutions are changing their role in knowledge creation. In general terms we can characterize this transition as the path from “Closed Science” to “Open Science” as a part of a deeper and structural phenomenon known as “knowledge democratization”, where different stakeholders as students, makers and other tech and science enthusiasts are able to create knowledge learning from the researchers and cooperating with them.

In this process, science engagement of these new actors is a key point to stimulate their creativity, get some important research skills learnt directly from the researchers and be able to apply these skills teaching others in a continuous “learning chain”.

In this article, we introduce some main features and preliminary results of an experiment called “The infinite learning chain” done in cooperation with Arduino, focused on sensing science and based in a real research project of Group of Atmospheric Science (GAS) called Luleå Environmental Monitoring Stations (LEMS). We debate some interesting questions related to the impact of the format in terms of science engagement, STEM skills acquisition and cooperative learning involvement. We used as “learning ecosystem” a professional Lab, the INSPIRE Lab a complete multidisciplinary facility for space and environmental research and exploration.
Naked Before God: Kierkegaard’s Liturgical Self
Authors: Hanson Jeffrey
Published: November 2019

The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it seeks to demonstrate how Kierkegaard’s deployment of the idea of earnestness can furnish a sort of tonal “unity” to a narrative understanding of the Kierkegaardian self, which gestures toward a solution to the problem of how a narrative self can be unified over time and over a multiplicity of projects and plans. Second, this paper aims to give further richness to the recent work of Patrick Stokes, who argues that the narrative self needs to be supplemented by what he calls a naked self. This paper then argues that because there are these two dimensions to selfhood—the narrative person and the naked self—the Kierkegaardian individual is in a fundamental way not so much a matter of identity as of contradiction or internal tension.
From classifiers to applicatives in Mojeño Trinitario: A new source for applicative markers
Authors: Rose Françoise
Published: November 2019

Well attested diachronic sources for applicative markers are adpositions and verbs. Nominal sources are regarded as dubious, although nouns have been argued to have developed into applicatives in some languages (such as Murrinhpatha, in Nordlinger (this issue). In this paper, I argue for a previously unreported source for applicatives, by presenting the possible applicative function of the classifiers of Mojeño Trinitario (Arawak, Bolivia), based on a large corpus of texts collected in the field. While classifiers within verbs derive prototypical applicative constructions, they show unusual properties as applicatives, namely in their semantics. The applicative markers are selected according to the physical properties of the referent of the applied object, rather than its semantic role within the sentence. And although most of the classifiers show no similarity to free nominal lexemes in the present state of the language, the classifiers found in Mojeño Trinitario verbs are very likely derived historically from nominal incorporation, a typical path of development. Mojeño Trinitario data offer new evidence for the possibility of elements derived from nouns to be reanalyzed as morphological applicative markers.
Power graphs and exchange property for resolving sets
Authors: Abbas Ghulam , Ali Usman , Munir Mobeen , Bokhary Syed Ahtsham Ul Haq , Kang Shin Min
Published: November 2019

Classical applications of resolving sets and metric dimension can be observed in robot navigation, networking and pharmacy. In the present article, a formula for computing the metric dimension of a simple graph wihtout singleton twins is given. A sufficient condition for the graph to have the exchange property for resolving sets is found. Consequently, every minimal resolving set in the graph forms a basis for a matriod in the context of independence defined by Boutin [Determining sets, resolving set and the exchange property, Graphs Combin., 2009, 25, 789-806]. Also, a new way to define a matroid on finite ground is deduced. It is proved that the matroid is strongly base orderable and hence satisfies the conjecture of White [An unique exchange property for bases, Linear Algebra Appl., 1980, 31, 81-91]. As an application, it is shown that the power graphs of some finite groups can define a matroid. Moreover, we also compute the metric dimension of the power graphs of dihedral groups.
On nearly Hurewicz spaces
Authors:   Aqsa, Khan Moiz ud Din
Published: November 2019

In this paper we define and investigate nearly Hurewicz spaces and their star version. It is shown that a nearly Hurewicz space fits between Hurewicz and almost Hurewicz spaces. As a counter example it is shown that a particular point topology which fails to be Lindelöf, Menger, Hurewicz is a nearly Hurewicz space.
Partial hydatidiform mole and coexistent live fetus: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Zeng Chengying , Chen Yanbi , Zhao Lijuan , Wan Bo
Published: November 2019

Twin pregnancy of a hydatidiform mole with a coexistent live fetus is very rare, and complete molar pregnancy is involved in most cases. A partial molar pregnancy almost always ends in miscarriage due to a triploid fetus. Here, we report a case of a 32-year-old Chinese woman with ultrasound diagnosis of a partial molar pregnancy. Amniocentesis suggested mosaicism, but the fetus was morphologically normal. The woman chose to continue the pregnancy after fully understanding the risk. The infant was delivered prematurely, and the presence of a large single placenta with molar changes. The baby’s peripheral blood chromosomes were diploid, and the pregnant woman had no serious complications. The diagnosis, management, and monitoring of this condition will remain challenging because of its rarity. Partial hydatidiform mole combined with pregnancy can result in delivering of a normal fetus and live birth under proper management.
Effect of NGR1 on the atopic dermatitis model and its mechanisms
Authors: Wang Mingmei , Ma Jianli
Published: November 2019

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly pruritic chronic inflammatory skin disease. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a unique ingredient of P. notoginseng which is a well-known medicinal herb for its long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine, has been identified to have various biologically active properties that include anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of NGR1 on AD remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of NGR1 on the in vitro cell model of AD induced by LPS stimulation. RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with 1 μg/ml LPS to establish the in vitro cell inflammation model of AD. RAW264.7 cells were treated with various concentrations of NGR1 (0.1, 1, and 10 μM); then, an MTT assay was performed to determine the cell viability. An ELISA assay detected the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, IL-1β; interleukin-6, IL-6; tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α). Additionally, NO production was measured using a nitrate/nitrite assay kit. Results indicated that LPS induced increases in the levels of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and NO production was significantly reduced by NGR1 treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Further, NGR1 treatment inhibited the activation of the NF-κB pathway, and the NLRP3 inflammasome in LPS stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The study data indicated that NGR1 might relieve atopic dermatitis via inhibiting inflammation through suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Clinical features of infertile men carrying a chromosome 9 translocation
Authors: Wang Ruixue , Yu Yang , Wang Qiyuan , Jiang Yuting , Li Linlin , Zhu Haibo , Liu Ruizhi , Zhang Hongguo
Published: November 2019

Previous studies indicated that chromosome 9 translocations are involved in reduced male fertility and increased chance of miscarriage in the female partner. The aim of this study was to review the clinical features and genetic counselling requirements of infertile men carrying chromosome 9 translocations. This study analyzed fertile-age male carriers of chromosome 9 translocations, and included 12 clinical cases in our hospital. In our cases, three cases had oligozoospermia or severe oligozoospermia, while nine cases had normal semen. Of the latter nine cases, seven were associated with recurrent spontaneous abortions, and two produced a phenotypically normal child as confirmed by amniocentesis. Male chromosome 9 translocations and specific breakpoints from reported papers were searched using PubMed and CNKI database. A literature review identified 76 male patients who carried chromosome 9 translocations. Breakpoints at 9p12, 9p11, 9p10 and 9q34.1 were related to pregestational infertility, while breakpoints at 9p21, 9q10, 9q11, 9q13, 9q21.1, 9q22, 9q22.2, 9q22.3, 9q34, 9q34.2 and 9q34.3 exhibited gestational infertility. Chromosome translocations involving chromosome 9 lead to increased risk of miscarriage. Carriers of chromosome 9 translocations should be counselled to consider in vitro fertilization accompanied by preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
„Mykener“ und Hethiter – ein archäologischer Vergleich
Authors: Mühlenbruch Tobias
Published: November 2019

Im 2. Jt. v. Chr. waren die mykenische Kultur, die in weiten Teilen der Südhälfte Griechenlands inklusive seiner Inselwelt verbreitet war, und das hethitische Reich, das seinen Kern in Anatolien hatte, zwar Nachbarn, standen auf der Basis der auf uns gekommenen Quellen jedoch in keinem intensiven Kontakt. Dies gilt für die materielle Kultur ebenso wie für die Schriftzeugnisse. Zudem fällt eine in mehreren Bereichen ausgesprochen unterschiedliche Quellenlage auf. Abweichend verliefen auch die Forschungsgeschichten zu beiden Regionen und sind auch die jeweiligen Forschungsansätze. Mit diesem Beitrag werden sowohl die mykenische wie die hethitische Kultur miteinander verglichen als auch deren Erforschung durch die Archäologie.
The chaîne opératoire of 6th millennium BC pottery making in the Maritsa Valley, Bulgaria: ceramics from Nova Nadezhda
Authors: Spataro Michela , Katsarov Georgi , Todorova Nadezhda , Tsurev Atanas , Nikolova Nikolina , Yaneva Marlena , Bacvarov Krum
Published: November 2019

40 potsherds and five other fired clay fragments from the prehistoric site of Nova Nadezhda in Bulgarian Thrace were analysed by archaeometric techniques. Twenty sherds and a daub fragment were analysed in thin section by optical microscopy; these thin sections, and thick sections of a further 24 sherds were also analysed by SEM-EDX. Results were used to describe the Early Neolithic chaîne opératoire at Nova Nadezhda, which was then compared to pottery production in roughly contemporaneous Starčevo-Criş communities in the central Balkans, to shed light on the Neolithisation process that took place in the 6th millennium BC. A variety of ceramic recipes was used to make different vessel shapes. Analyses of surface coatings were particularly enlightening in terms of provenance and the organisation of pottery production.
Wozu hütete Abel seine Schafe, wenn es keine Diebe gab? ‒ Altes und Neues zu Isaac La Peyrère und seiner Präadamiten-These (1655)
Authors: Jaumann Herbert
Published: November 2019

The two treatises of 1655, entitled Prae-Adamitae and Systema theologicum ex Praeadamitarum hypothesi, are among the principal works of the French Huguenot author Isaac La Peyrere (1596-1676). Peyrere ‘s theses have occupied a key position within the heretical branch of 17th-century Biblical Criticism: God must have created a human race before Adam, the Bible does not tell the history of mankind but of the elect people of Israel only, and the books of the Pentateuch were certainly not written, if at all, by Moses alone. The present contribution offers an outline of the recent La Peyrere Edition of 2019 and considers a few questions for further study. (1) How close are the Preadamites to early modern utopian literature? (2) What are we to make of Adriaan Beverland’s reference to the Praeadamitae in his infamous book on the Peccatum originale of 1678? (3) Taking up Isaac Popkin’s (1987) interesting suggestion, should we not as well consider a “pre-Eveite theory” alongside La Peyrere’s Preadamite hypothesis? This article concludes by addressing (4) another special desideratum: the early reception of La Peyrere and its continuing effects after the first critical responses as early as 1655/56.
Molecular Markers of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Golubev A. M. , Petrova M. V. , Grechko A. V. , Zakharchenko V. E. , Kuzovlev A. N. , Ershov A. V.
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical significance of CNS biological markers in an ischemic stroke.Materials and methods. Blood serum biomarkers of CNS were assayed by ELISA in patients suffering from cerebrovascular disorders of ischemic origin. Neuron-specific enolase, brain-derived neutrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neutrophic factor (GDNF), protein S-100 total (ɑβ–ββ), sialyl carbohydrate antigen (KL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor, and superoxide dismutase were analyzed. All tests were carried out using automatic microplate immunoassay analyzer Immunomat TM. The study included 43 patients of 50 to 80 years of age, suffering from cerebrovascular disorders; among them there were 24 women and 19 men. Blood serum biomarkers of CNS were assayed within the first 3–6 hours, and on week 2, 3, and 4 from onset of the disease. The control group consisted of 20 volunteers (apparently healthy donors). Statistical analysis was carried out using non-parametrical Mann–Whitney test. Results were considered as significant at P 0.05.Results. During the pre-necrotic and early necrotic period, higher neuron-specific enolase, protein S-100, superoxide dismutase, and lower brain-derived neutrophic factor and glial-derived neutrophic factor were observed, reflecting structural brain alterations due to disturbed circulation. At later follow-up time-points, BDNF, GDNF, VEGF, and KL-6 increased evidencing activated CNS regeneration processes.Conclusion. The content of biological markers in blood serum of ischemic stroke patients reflects the disease stages, which helps managing the CNS regeneration processes.
The use of continuous Flow Ventilatory Support for Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure
Authors: Kapraľová P. , Žitva P. , Mišíková S. , Kočan L. , Firment P.
Published: November 2019

Our aim was to assess the effectivity of continuous flow ventilatory support (CFVS) in those COPD patients undergoing cardiac surgery who developed hypercapnic respiratory failure.Materials and methods. CFVS was applied in 11 COPD (Stage 2.55±0.52 on average) patients undergoing cardiac surgery, after weaning from «conventional» pressure controlled (PCV) or pressure support ventilation (PSV) mode. All of these patients had hypercapnea with respiratory failure that has been manifested after 15±10 hours after postoperative weaning from ventilator. CFVS was applied using nasotracheal catheter (diameter 5–6 mm) with average inspiratory flow Qin = 26±2,3 l/min while using FiO2 of 0.3–0.35.Results. Only one out of 11 patients failed to recover from hypercapnic respiratory failure using CFVS and had to be intubated instead. Spontaneous ventilation frequency was gradually decreasing from 24.8±3.6 breaths/min to 16±2 breaths/min after initiation of CFVS (P<0.01). Average value of PaO2 before CFVS was 59±7.5 mmHg and rose to 99.6±4.5 mmHg just before CFVS was terminated (P<0.01). PaCO2 before CFVS was measured to be 73.2±7.5 mmHg and dropped to 45.7±4.3 mmHg (P<0.01). CO2 drop was fast in the first 18 hours from CFVS application. Average time for application of CFVS was 3.09±0.9 day.Conclusion. CFVS is an effective and minimally invasive mode of ventilation support that can be used in patients suffering from hypercapnic respiratory failure to avoid the need to intubate trachea and connect the patient to conventional ventilator.
Zolpidem Action During Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness (Case Report)
Authors: Kondratyeva E. A. , Sinkin M. V. , Sharova E. V. , Laureys S. , Kondratyev A. N.
Published: November 2019

The paper describes two patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDC) because of non-traumatic brain injury, in whom a clear neurodynamic response to Zolpidem was observed.In order to illustrate systemic cerebral responses to administration of this drug in LIC patients, an analysis of clinical and electrophysiological changes has been undertaken.It has been shown that the result of Zolpidem applications in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDC) should be assessed not only by consciousness dynamics, but with the help of electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring, too. Distinct response to Zolpidem during different periods of recovery in one patients was found.Zolpidem can render various effects in patients in vegetative state/with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS) and in minimally conscious state (MCS). In one patient, sedation with EEG activation was observed, which was a sign of favorable prognosis. The other patient developed more than once local convulsions after Zolpidem administration followed by contact augmentation on the next day.The mechanism of action, necessary doses of drugs, and markers of forecasting the successful effect of that drug are yet to be further studied.
Post-Stroke Thalamic Syndrome (Review)
Authors: Perepelitsa S. A. , Tumilovich T. A. , Shcherbakova A. A.
Published: November 2019

Pain management is a foreground task of physicians specializing in various disciplines. Special attention is paid to the issues of early comprehensive rehabilitation of post-stroke patients and prophylaxis of probable long-term complications related to injuries of different brain structures.Post-stroke thalamic syndrome is the most frequent multiform complication that requires multidisciplinary efforts. Understanding of the morbid physiology of pain thalamic syndrome is the cornerstone of successful management providing higher quality of patients’ life. Currently, profound changes have taken place in the prophylaxis, diagnosis, and management of post-stroke thalamic syndrome. This review highlights the most common types of pain experienced by patients after thalamic stroke, presents morbid physiological mechanisms of pain development depending on the location of ischemic brain injury, and discusses the issues of up-to-date management and rehabilitation of post-stroke thalamic syndrome patients.
Composition and Age of Plagiogranitoids in the South of the Lake Zone (Western Mongolia)
Authors: Rudnev S.N. , Mal’kovets V.G. , Belousova E.A. , Tret’yakova I.G. , Gibsher A.A.
Published: November 2019

—We consider the geologic structure, composition, and age of early Paleozoic intrusive rock associations of the Tugrug, Udzur-Hunga, Hatan-Hunga, Mandalt, Bayasgalant, and Dut Uul plutons. The plutons are located among late Neoproterozoic–early Cambrian volcanic and volcanosedimentary strata in the southern part of the island-arc system of the Lake Zone in Western Mongolia. We have recognized plagiogranitoid and gabbroid associations of different petrochemical compositions, ages, and geodynamic settings of formation in these plutons. The results of geochronological studies show that the plagiogranitoid associations in the south of the Lake Zone formed in the period from 531 to 481 Ma. Two major stages of intrusive magmatism in the zone have been established in this time interval: island-arc, 531–517 Ma, and accretion–collision, 504–481 Ma. The plagiogranitoid associations that formed at the island-arc stage are the most widespread, whereas those formed at the accretion–collision stage are much scarcer. The intrusive plutons of all ages are composed predominantly of granitoid associations of the tonalite–trondhjemite series, which are calc-alkalic rocks. Study of xenogenic and inherited zircons from plagiogranitoid associations formed at the island-arc and accretion–collision stages of the regional evolution has shown their age range 664–520 Ma. Four age groups of inherited zircon have been recognized (~664, 570–560, 545–531, and 530–520 Ma), which generally correspond to the stages of island-arc (volcanic and intrusive) and ophiolite magmatism and, most likely, reflect the additional magma-generating sources of parental plagiogranitic melts.
A laikus elsősegély szerepe a kórházon kívüli keringésmegállások túlélésében
Authors: Diószeghy Csaba
Published: November 2019

Abstract:

Sudden cardiac death is one of the leading causes of mortality in developed countries. When happens only immediate action can save the patient’s life. A rather simple sequence of interventions (CPR – cardiopulmonary resuscitation) by the bystander witnessing the collapse could significantly increase the chance of survival yet it happens less than in half of the cases. One of the most important initiatives of the last decade was the simplification of basic life support guidelines and its trainings along with widely publicising its simplicity, importance and its effect on survival. The success of the initiative has been published by several studies showing an increasing number of bystander CPR worldwide, in Europe and in Hungary, too. Survival data have also increased moderately but by far not as much as it could be expected under ideal circumstances. This paper reviews the potential issues to be considered for increasing the numbers and improving the quality of bystander resuscitation. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(46): 1810–1815.
Egy lehetséges iskolai „jógyakorlat” az újraélesztés kortársoktatásában. Egy egészségfejlesztési program első tapasztalatai
Authors: Fritúz Gábor , Gradvohl Edina , Feith Helga Judit , Lukács J. Ágnes , Falus András , Gál János
Published: November 2019

Abstract:

Basic life support (BLS) teaching by peer-educators to school-age students was studied by evaluating their effectiveness. BLS resuscitation was taught by the internationally accepted four-stage skill teaching approach. The effectiveness of the training was followed by sociological measuring instruments (n = 91). Compared to the students’ previous knowledge and attitudes about resuscitation, an increased willingness to adapt to an unexpected situation can be observed besides acquiring a reproducible method of CPR. The findings did not show significant age differences. Sensitivity and technical training in lay resuscitation is a successful educational process. The applied peer-education model is suitable for transferring resuscitation knowledge and skills. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(46): 1816–1820.
A postresuscitatiós ellátás neuroprotekciós lehetőségei 2019-ben
Authors: Kovács Enikő , Gál János , Merkely Béla , Zima Endre
Published: November 2019

Abstract:

Post-resuscitation brain injury forms the leading cause of death of patients after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation that explains why post-resuscitation neuroprotection is the most important part of post-resuscitation therapy. The goals of the neuroprotection tools available today are preventing the evolution of primary and formation of secondary brain injury. We are going to summarize the neuroprotective possibilities that we can reach today. We will discuss the role of pharmacologic strategies including sedation, the modalities of upholding brain perfusion, the monitoring of proper hemodynamic variables and the practice of targeted temperature management. It is very important to avoid hypo- and hyperoxia, to keep normocapnia, normoglycemia and to control seizures during the management of post-cardiac arrest patients. There is still a lack of evidence to prove which pharmacologic agent may be effective in postresuscitation neuroprotection, however, there are some promising results regarding thiamine. Hemodynamic management guided by higher level hemodynamic monitoring may be beneficial in enhancing brain perfusion but more clinical studies are needed to investigate its usefulness. Targeted temperature management constitutes the main element of post-resuscitation neuroprotection, however, the details of its implementation raise several questions. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(46): 1832–1839.
Újraélesztést követő koszorúér-angiográfia és katéteres intervenció
Authors: Rudas László , Zima Endre
Published: November 2019

Abstract:

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) presents a great challenge for the health care systems even in the highly developed countries. For several decades, our greatest efforts have been directed toward the improvement of the prehospital management, including promotion of lay resuscitation and deployment of public access automated defibrillators. Recently, the importance of the hospital phase of the OHCA-management has been also emphasized. Attention has been paid to targeted temperature management and also to early coronary intervention. For those patients who present with ST-elevation on their post-resuscitation ECG, our approach is straightforward: urgent coronary angiography is indicated. The optimal management of those survivors of OHCA who present without ST-elevation is, however, still debated. Although up to 30% of these subjects also suffer from acute occlusive epicardial coronary disease, the clear benefit of urgent coronary angiography for the whole group is yet to be documented. Several large-scale randomized studies are under way to resolve this question. In our present review we detail the above controversies and outline the future directions. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(46): 1826–1831.
Az ultrahang használata az újraélesztésben
Authors: Kiss Domonkos
Published: November 2019

Abstract:

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is one of the most emergent medical procedures. Maintaining our resuscitative efforts at the highest level possible is not only our professional, but also ethical duty. International scientific societies, like the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) publish regularly their guidelines, based on robust scientific evidence, or (where it is not available) widely accepted expert panels’ opinion. Current clinical experience shows that a growing proportion of cardiac arrests is non-arrhytmogenic in origin. In these cases scientific guidelines, but also bare clinical judgement suggests searching for reversible causes and correcting them parallel with standard resuscitation efforts. Without this, a good outcome is rarely achievable. Intra-arrest protocolised ultrasound exam can be a powerful tool in detecting reversible causes, and also an aid in the correction of some. By reviewing the current literature and scientific guidelines, I aim to tailor the role and usefulness of intra-arrest ultrasound exam as an integrated part of the resuscitation efforts. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(46): 1821–1825.
Percepción del diario “trome” en conductores de transporte público de lima metropolitana
Authors: Chávez Espinoza Evelyn Lizeth
Published: November 2019

El estudio tiene por objetivo relacionar la percepción hacia la forma y contenido del diario Trome por el tipo de conductores de transporte público de Lima Metropolitana. Por ello, se empleó una encuesta de 25 ítems de diseño de escala de tipo Likert con validez y confiabilidad de .896 en 153 conductores de la modalidad de transporte regular y 83 de taxi de Lima Metropolitana previo consentimiento consentido. Los resultados evidencian que existe asociación entre la dicotomía contenido y forma del mensaje periodístico con el tipo de conductor de transporte público. Es así que los conductores de transporte regular presentan una mayor relación al mensaje mediante la forma centrándose en los colores, imágenes y titulares llamativos, dejando de prestar atención a temas de fondo porque—según manifiestan—se encuentran convencidos de la veracidad del diario Trome. En cambio, el conductor de taxi se asocia también al contenido del mensaje, pero en mínima proporción. En términos generales, ambos grupos no advierten mensajes implícitos con facilidad, por lo que se concluye que la gran influencia del diario se da por la forma, pues un sector limitado de transportistas se percata del mensaje implícito.
Research of the Effect of Modification on the Structure and Properties of Castings from Steel H11 Obtained by Using Electrosfining Technology
Authors: Larionova Natalia V. , Tokmin Alexander M. , Kazakov Vladimir S. , Masansky Oleg A.
Published: November 2019

The methods of increasing the disequilibrium of the system due to the modification, castings of alloy steel, obtained by electroslag chill casting are considered. The microstructures of the castings are shown and the results of tests to determine the mechanical properties of the samples obtained under various technological regimes of the electroslag technology are presented
Development of the furnace design for solid waste utilization and evaluation of its operation efficiency
Authors: Gabitov R.N. , Kolibaba O.B. , Sokolsky A.I. , Grosheva А.V.
Published: November 2019

Practical implementation of the process of thermal utilization of waste, including municipal waste, and processing efficiency largely depend on the plant design and operation modes. In their works, P. Basu, Safin R.G., Shantarin V.D. and others propose designs of plants for processing carbon-containing waste. The main disadvantage of such plants is the use of only one waste type (wood, biomass or plastic). Such plants operate at low humidity of the raw material, which lowers the quality of the produced gas. All this makes it an urgent task to develop a new plant design for disposing of waste of various compositions in a wide humidity range and to evaluate its performance efficiency. To evaluate the efficiency of the furnace for thermal waste utilization, we used the material and heat balance method that allows determining the plant efficiency and selecting the operation mode with the maximum efficiency value. This paper proposes a design of a two-chamber thermal reactor for waste utilization based on the combined method of drying and oxidative pyrolysis. The plant design allows you to organize the process of oxidative pyrolysis of raw materials in the reactor and to separate the flow of pyrolysis gas to the consumer from that for their own needs. The paper describes the algorithm of material and thermal calculation for drying and pyrolysis zones. It also presents an analysis of the thermal reactor with a capacity of 500 kg/h in different modes of oxidative pyrolysis depending on the moisture content of the feedstock. The developed plant design allows utilizing solid waste at its relative humidity from 4 to 50 % and reaching efficiency from 0,6 to 0,9 by changing the amount of oxygen fed inton the system from 1 to 10 %.
Method of adaptive current protection against earth faults in 6–10 kV cable networks with an insulated neutral
Authors: Dobryagina O.A. , Tyutikov V.V. , Shadrikova T.Yu. , Shuin V.A.
Published: November 2019

Simple and reliable zero sequence overcurrent protection in distribution 6–10 kV cable networks with an insulated neutral is most widely used for protection against single phase earth faults. However, protection of this type in many cases does not provide the required sensitivity to internal (inside the protected zone) faults as it must be tuned to the response current from surge transients during external faults through an intermittent arc. It is possible to increase the sensitivity if adaptive current protection is applied. However, the known methods for its implementation are only effective for stable faults through transient resistance but do not provide high dynamic stability of operation in transient conditions in case of arc intermittent earth faults that are the most dangerous for the network. Therefore, an urgent problem to be solved now is improving the principles of adaptive current protection against earth faults. To compare the efficiency of the known and proposed principles of adaptive current protection implementation taking into account the complexity of transients during earth faults through an intermittent arc in 6–10 kV cable networks, we used Matlab simulation with the SimPowerSystem and Simulink extension packages. The research into the operation algorithms of adaptive current protection against earth faults was carried out on simulation models of 6–10 kV cable networks with an insulated neutral and with neutral grounding through a high-value resistor. The studies on the simulation models have shown that the known methods of implementation of adaptive current protection against earth faults based on the use of full zero sequence currents and voltage are ineffective during intermittent arc earth faults. The authors propose a method of adaptive current protection against earth faults in 6–10 kV cable networks with an insulated neutral and with neutral grounding through a high-value resistor that provides a significant increase in dynamic stability of transient operation with arc ground faults and allows using only zero sequence current and voltage components of the operating frequency of 50 Hz as the actuating quantities. The proposed method of implementing adaptive current protection against earth faults in 6–10 kV cable networks with an insulated neutral and with neutral grounding through a high-value resistor does not only increase the sensitivity of this protection type to earth faults through transient resistence and dynamic stability of operation in transient condiitons in case of arc intermittent earth faults but also broadens the range of its possible applications