bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hambatan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh bagi Guru Digital Immigrant
Authors: Tayo Yanti , Nursanti Siti , Utamidewi Wahyu
Published: December 2021

The Ministry of Education and Culture has instructed the distance learning system  (e-learning) to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic. E-learning must be implemented by all educational units without exception. This study aims to analyze the obstacles that occur during the implementation of e-learning. The type of research is descriptive qualitative. The primary data were collected directly from main sources through interviews with 4 Digital Immigrant Teachers at Pondok Ranggon 01 Pagi Elementary School, Cipayung District, DKI Jakarta. The results indicated that the Digital Immigrant Teachers at Pondok Ranggon 01 Pagi Elementary School were quite capable of doing the e-learning technology. However, when using E-learning platforms, some elements might be considered as obstacles in e-learning such as limited internet access and lack of proficiency in operating e-learning applications. Recommendations from this study on the implementation of e-learning increase literacy in the use of communication technology as part of the communication strategy for implementing government policies.
Abstrak
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk menjalankan proses Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) yang harus diikuti seluruh guru dan murid di Indonesia tanpa terkecuali dalam rangka penanganan pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hambatan yang terjadi pada saat pelaksanaan PJJ. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data primer diambil melalui depth-interview kepada 4 orang guru digital immigrant di SD Pondok Ranggon 01 Pagi Kecamatan Cipayung DKI Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukan guru digital immigrant di SD Pondok Ranggon 01 Pagi berhasil menerapkan dan beradaptasi dengan teknologi meskipun dibutuhkan literasi yang dilakukan secara berkesinambungan oleh pihak sekolah. Berbagai hambatan yang terjadi yaitu buruknya sinyal internet, keterbatasan kuota, serta kesulitan untuk menggunakan aplikasi yang disiapkan oleh pemerintah. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini terhadap pelaksanaan PJJ meningkatkan literasi penggunaan teknologi komunikasi sebagai bagian dari strategi komunikasi pelaksanaan kebijakan pemerintah.
Pengaruh Keberadaan Minimarket Waralaba terhadap Warung Tradisional di Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Suhada Nisa Latifa , Fitriyanti Siska , Siska Dewi
Published: December 2021

Warung is a substitute for the traditional markets for the people of South Kalimantan. The warungs were usually located in the middle of the neighborhood. Several previous studies indicate that the number and income of warungs have continued to decline since the entry of modern retails in South Kalimantan. The objectives of this study were to analyze the impact of modern retails towards warungs and analyze the implementation of the modern retail regulations in South Kalimantan. The method used is mixed methods with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study findings suggest that modern retailers have tendencies to cause a decline in income to the point of bankruptcy of warungs. Some regulations specifically regulate the existence of franchised minimarkets but do not regulate the warungs specifically. Therefore, there is an urgency to review permits regulations and rules of modern retail locations, local government intervention to improve competitiveness, and facilitation of capital assistance.
Abstrak
Warung tradisional  merupakan pilihan tempat berbelanja selain di pasar tradisional bagi penduduk setempat. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya menyebutkan bahwa omzet warung tradisional menurun sejak kemunculan minimarket waralaba yang mulai menggeser posisi warung tradisional di Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh yang ditimbulkan oleh minimarket waralaba terhadap warung tradisional, serta menganalisis regulasi dan implementasi tentang penataan minimarket warlaba di Kalimantan Selatan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu mix methods dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan minimarket waralaba berpotensi menimbulkan pengaruh negatif, yaitu penurunan omzet hingga penutupan usaha. Terdapat regulasi yang khusus mengatur keberadaan minimarket waralaba, akan tetapi tidak mengatur tentang keberadaannya terhadap warung tradisional. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka diperlukan peninjauan kembali regulasi terkait izin pendirian dan penataan lokasi minimarket waralaba, intervensi pemerintah daerah untuk meningkatkan daya saing, serta fasilitasi bantuan modal.
Strategi Pemasaran Itik Alabio sebagai Produk Unggulan Daerah Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Fitriyanti Siska , Pradana Herry
Published: December 2021

Alabio Ducks are native poultry and a featured product of South Kalimantan. However, the ducks have not yet contributed economically to the farmers or region. Culinary business in urban areas opens opportunities for the development of the Alabio Duck. The purpose of this study was to analyze the upstream and downstream sectors of the Alabio Ducks to be used as the basis for preparing the marketing strategies. This study uses a qualitative approach. Data were taken through observation and interviews with informants selected by purposive sampling, analyzed using STP and marketing mix analysis. The results of this study indicate that the segment and target market are middle-upper people in urban areas. Expansion of the market can be done through the supply of cold meat for the hotel, restaurant, and modern markets. The marketing strategy is to pay attention to the advantages of texture, taste, and color of the meat, determine competitive selling prices according to quality, add online distribution channels, and increase promotions on digital platforms.
Abstrak
Itik Alabio merupakan rumpun unggas lokal dengan sebaran geografis asli Kalimantan Selatan dan salah satu Produk Unggulan Daerah (PUD). Akan tetapi, sektor peternakan Itik Alabio selama ini belum menunjukkan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap perekonomian peternak maupun daerah. Perkembangan bisnis kuliner di daerah perkotaan membuka peluang terhadap pengembangan Itik Alabio di Kalimantan Selatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis sektor hulu hingga hilir Itik Alabio untuk digunakan sebagai dasar penyusunan strategi pemasarannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data primer diambil melalui observasi dan  wawancara dengan informan yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis penetapan  nilai (STP analysis) dan analisis bauran pemasaran (marketing mix analysis). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa segmen dan target pasar adalah masyarakat daerah perkotaan yang memiliki kemampuan ekonomi menengah ke atas. Perluasan jangkauan pasar melalui suplai cold meat untuk pangsa pasar perhotelan, restoran, dan pasar modern. Strategi pemasaran adalah dengan memperhatikan keunggulan tekstur, rasa, dan warna daging Itik Alabio sebagai daya jual, menentukan harga jual yang bersaing dengan kompetitor tanpa menurunkan kualitas, menambah jalur distribusi secara daring, dan meningkatkan promosi di platform digital.
Influence of product innovation and influencer marketing on the interest in buying Bluebutton fashion products
Authors: Claudio Randy Arvin , Tarmidi Didi
Published: December 2021

Analysis to examine thanks to describe product innovation, influencer selling, and buying interests, additionally on confirm but the influence product innovation and influencer selling on the interest in shopping for fashion merchandise in Bluebutton. The factors tested inside the study were product innovation and influencer marketing as freelance variables, whereas buying interests were dependent variables. The analysis methods. employed in this research are descriptive and verification methods. The analysis ways used in.this research.are descriptive and verification methods. The population throughout this study was the one who knew bluebutton fashion products. The sampling technique used within the study was nonprobability sampling and additionally the scale of the sample within the study was calculated by Bernoulli' formula, that the whole vary was one hundred respondents. The analytical ways employed in this study are some regression analyses victimization SPSS25 Windows. The results this study show that product innovation and influencer marketing have an impression on the interest in buying Bluebutton fashion products. The magnitude of the influence of product innovation.and influencer marketing on buying interest by 40.4%.
Rural areas of the EU and the influence of globalization on the youth unemployment issue
Authors: Pkhakadze Tamar
Published: December 2021

To speak about the framework of youth unemployment, there is a strong correlation between the economic performance of the state, the general unemployment rate, and the youth unemployment rate. Most important for the states to improve statistics are to work on economic performance and create better possibilities for the young population of society. The growing economic environment will have a positive effect on the unemployment rate in the short run, but it still tends to be the most important issue of states. Besides, policies might concentrate on developing the areas that will bring into the scale a high potential of employment growth. As an example, we can bring the area of tourism, social services, environmental management, etc. which will be more attractive to young people and will have more potential to get employed. It is obvious, that to develop in the framework of unemployment and especially to concentrate on the youth generation of society, the country needs a full package of economic developments. Youth unemployment is directly linked to the general and broader development stages of the state. Another issue that we have not tackled so far is the unemployment of youth in rural areas.
Family Empowerment Through the Muhammadiyah Learning Program: A Case Study at the Private University in Jakarta
Authors: Hamid Almisar , Suradika Suradika , Masyitoh Masyitoh
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this evaluative research is to assess the implementation of the Muhammadiyah learning program which is a compulsory subject in all Muhammadiyah and Aisyiah Universities (PTMA). The study was conducted at the University of Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka (Uhamka) from January to April 2020. This research is qualitative. The informants were selected using a purposive technique, consisting of students, lecturers, Uhamka leaders, and the leadership of the Muhammadiyah Higher Education and Research Council. Data was collected using interview techniques, Focused Group Discussion (FGD), and documentation. The data were analyzed by evaluating the CIPP model. The results of the study show that there are still several obstacles in the learning of Muhammadiyah, among others, in terms of context, there are still debates about the content of the curriculum. Renewal efforts have been made with the publication of new textbooks. There were obstacles regarding the availability, qualifications, and certification of Kemuhammadiyahan lecturers from the input side. In terms of process, the duration of learning which is only 2 credits is felt to be insufficient to implement learning with empowerment strategies. Finally, in terms of products, despite the development of student views about Muhammadiyah, these developments have not significantly changed the religious traditions they believe in so far.
The analysis of training and development of reserve components in efforts to strengthen the national defense system against global military threats (qualitative)
Authors: Sudarya Agus
Published: December 2021

The various types of military and non-military threats which occur in the world globally indirectly demand the readiness of every country to deal with them. The form of the military threats which happened frequently in the global world are war and territorial disputes between countries. In this case, implicitly and explicitly, Indonesia is also facing military threats related to sovereignty, one of which is the dispute over the South China Sea which has now changed its name to the North Natuna Sea. In terms of maritime military defense, Indonesia itself relies on the presence of the naval forces from the Navy and Bakamla (Navy Security Agency), but this defense effort has not yet involved all levels of society. The state defense system owned by Indonesia is the Universal Defense System which involves the strength of the main Component, the reserve components, and the supporting components. The reserve component is a group of people who are fostered and trained on a military basis to prepare strength when faced with a military emergency situation. In the process of training and developing the reserve components, the competent authorities have prepared the basics and provisions in maximizing the potential of their human resources. The aims of the research were to find out how the training and development of the reserve component in an effort to strengthen the national defense system. The method of the research was using qualitative method with literature study as the collecting data method. The result of the research is that it is hoped that there will be a transfer of knowledge system in the process of training and developing human resources for Indonesian reserve components, in order to strengthen the national defense system against global military threats.
Delineating Subjective Experiences in the Mardika Market: Self-Management of Beggars Identities in Moluccas, Indonesia
Authors: Darma Darma , Malawat Mahdi , Ridwan M.
Published: December 2021

Mardika market is a strategic location for people engaging in begging activity in Moluccas, Indonesia. A beggar is a person who earns an income in public in various ways and hopes to expect mercy from others, and engages in activities by taking advantage of to make other people feel sorry for them. The research aims to explore the self management of people carrying out begging activities. This study uses a subjective interpretive method through a phenomenological approach based on the theory of symbolic interaction. The results demonstrate that beggars verbally self-management impressions. Nonverbally, beggars with dirty clothes, sad faces, and slow gestures remove their hands using bowls as a sign of asking. Their self-management front appearance takes advantage of physical backwardness, pretending to be disabled, and living a poor and wandering life so that they deserve pity. This differs from a figure who has a robust physical condition, carries out everyday activities, wears proper clothes, displays a cheerful face, and has good social relations with family and society in the self-management behind appearance.
The resilience of youth delinquent. Education as a protective factor
Authors: Ungureanu Roxana , Tomita Mihaela
Published: December 2021

Adolescents face difficult developmental tasks and multiple challenges and are exposed to very varied risk factors. In case the protection factors are not strong enough, they can generate many difficulties or emotional and behavioral disorders, especially due to the fragility and vulnerability of the adolescent's inner world during this period. This paper presents an analysis of the protection factors underlying the resilience of young offenders admitted in educational centers in Romania. The analysis is part of a broader research conducted in a doctoral thesis. The conclusions show us that the basic pillar of reeducating these young people relies in completing their studies at least at the level of primary school and the orientation towards learning a profession, so that those who blame material deprivation as the cause of delinquency have the possibility to earn a living through work.
An analysis of the performance of the companies in Constanta County which operate in the real estate transactions field in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Aivaz Kamer-Ainur , Avram Constantin
Published: December 2021

As time went on, Constanta County has become one of the emerging poles of residential development in Romania, primarily due to its excellent positioning as an economic hub driven by international trade, doubled by a tourism potential with a high degree of long-term growth. In this context, performance measurement remains a constant concern of the entire economic sector that can ensure the progress of an entity. The purpose of this paper is to carry out a dynamic analysis over an 11-year period of the profit margin at the level of the economic agents in Constanta County whose main object of activity is, according to the NACE classification, Real Estate activities/transactions. In the analyzed period, the year 2015 stands out, in which the resumption of lending for large projects and the return of investor confidence in the real estate sector created a contagious euphoria on the market which, coupled with the income accumulated in the crisis by investors looking for profitable capital investments, led to the emergence of a wave of acquisitions, thus stimulating the real estate transactions market. Moreover, although the Coronavirus pandemic has affected the entire planet, more precisely all the economic sectors and the real estate market has not been an exception, the evolution of real estate transactions in the year 2020 was beyond the expectations of specialists in Romania, Romanians showing an appetite for this kind of transactions also in the year of the pandemic.
ADOPTION AND IMPACT OF IMPROVED PIGEON PEAS ON FARMING HOUSEHOLD POVERTY IN SEMI-ARID SOUTH EAST KENYA
Authors: Matere S J , Busienei J R , Mbatia O.L E
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the factors influencing adoption of improved pigeon peas in semi-arid South Eastern Kenya and to evaluate the impact of adoption on households’ poverty.

Methodology: The study used cross sectional data gathered through household survey to establish the factors influencing improved pigeon pea adoption. Propensity score matching approach was further used to assess the impact of adoption on households’ poverty.

Findings: The results show that farmers’ access to improved pigeon pea seed, contact with agricultural extension service providers and access to market information significantly influenced adoption (p< 0.001). Adopters and non-adopters got an average net farm income of Kenya shillings (KES) 29,570 and 21, 490 per acre per year respectively. Adoption of improved pigeon peas resulted in a decrease of head count poverty by 0.24% and a reduction of poverty gap and poverty severity by 0.30% and 0.20 % respectively.

Contribution to theory, practice and policy:  The study recommends that both National and County Government make policies that create enabling environment for private sector participation in production of certified seed to improve farmers’ access to improved seed to augment production. Facilitating farmers’ improved access to reliable and timely market information will increase production of marketable surplus of the peas that are adaptable to semi-arid areas, increase fall income and contribute to reduction of rural poverty.
ANALYTICAL REPRESENTATIONS FOR THE TRUNCATED SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FOUR-POINT COHERENCE FUNCTION OF A LASER BEAM IN A TURBULENT MEDIUM
Authors: Rogovtsov N. N. , Anissimov V. Ya.
Published: December 2021

New analytical representations for the truncated spectral characteristics of the four-point coherence function of a laser beam propagating in a turbulent medium are obtained. These representations are valid for any level of fluctuations of the refractive index in air. For two particular cases they turn into exact analytical representations previously derived by the authors with using of an integro-functional equation for truncated spectral characteristic of the four-point coherence function. A constructive procedure for obtaining approximate analytical expressions of the four-point coherence function of a laser beam propagating in

a turbulent medium is proposed.
EL CONSTITUCIONALISMO DE LOS DERECHOS: APUNTES SOBRE LA NUEVA CONSTITUCIÓN ECUATORIANA DE 2008
Authors: NOGUERA FERNÁNDEZ ALBERT
Published: December 2021

La Constitución de Ecuador de 2008 constituye una manifestación
más del nuevo constitucionalismo latinoamericano, caracterizado, entre otros muchos
aspectos, por fi jar un modelo de plena protección y justiciabilidad de todos los
derechos, sin precedentes en el constitucionalismo tradicional. El presente artículo
analiza el tratamiento que la nueva Constitución de Ecuador hace de los derechos y
de sus garantías, demostrando como ésta, conjuntamente con las Constituciones
aprobadas en el continente durante los últimos años, abren grandes oportunidades
para poder hablar de la conformación de una nueva cultura jurídica en materia de
derechos, esto es, de un nuevo constitucionalismo de los derechos.

Ekuadorreko 2008 Konstituzioa latinoamerikako konstituzionalismo
berriaren adibide da; besteak beste, eskubide guzti-guztiei erabateko babesa eta
justiziagarritasuna emango dien eredua fi nkatzea izan du bereizgarri, orain arteko
konstituzionalismo tradizionalean inoiz ez bezala. Artikulu honetan, Ekuadorreko
konstituzio berriak eskubideak eta eskubideen bermeak nola tratatzen dituen aztertuko
du, eta erakutsiko du konstituzioak, kontinente horretan azkeneko urteetan
onetsi diren gainerako konstituzioekin batera, ateak ondo zabalik utzi dituela eskubideen
gaineko kultura juridiko berria eratzeko, hau da, eskubideen konstituzionalismo
berriari bidea emateko.

The 2008 Constitution from Ecuador is another example of the new
latinoamerican constitutionalism distinguished, among many other features, for
setting a model for the full protection and justiciability of rights, with no previous
examples found on the traditional constitutionalism. This article analyzes the
treatment of rights and guarantees given by the Ecuadorean Constitution, showing
how this, together with other Constitutions enacted in the continent during the last
years, give way to great opportunities for the setting up of a new legal culture of
rights, that is a new constitutionalism of rights.
LA COORDINACIÓN ENTRE LA LEY 10/1998 DE RESIDUOS Y LA LEY 26/2007 DE RESPONSABILIDAD MEDIOAMBIENTAL DE SUELOS CONTAMINADOS
Authors: DE LA VARGA PASTOR AITANA
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo analiza los regímenes jurídicos establecidos por la legislación
de residuos y la legislación sobre responsabilidad medioambiental para
los llamados suelos contaminados. El estudio se detiene en aquellos aspectos que
se consideran relevantes en motivo de la posible aplicación de ambas normas sobre
una misma materia entorno a los cuales pueden suscitarse dudas y problemas
interpretativos. Se plantean cuestiones relativas a la coordinación entre ambas
normativas en el ámbito de la recuperación de los suelos contaminados y de los
daños al suelo y se establecen unas pautas interpretativas a la luz de las leyes y
del derecho.

Lan honek hondakinen legediak eta lurzoru kutsatu direlakoetarako
ingurumen-erantzukizunari buruzko legediak ezarritako araubide juridikoak
aztertzen ditu. Azterlan hau aipagarritzat hartzen diren alderdietan murgiltzen da, bi
araudi horiek gai baten gainean aplikatu edo ez aplikatu beharra dela eta, zalantzak
edo interpretazio-arazoak sor baitaitezke arau horien inguruan. Lur kutsatuen eta
lurzoruari eragindako kalteen berreskuratzearen inguruko bi araudi horien arteko
koordinazioari buruzko hainbat gai jorratzen dira, eta interpretazio-ildo batzuk ezartzen
dira, legeen eta zuzenbidearen argitan.

This work analyzes the legal regimes concerning poluted soils as
set up by the legislation on waste and on enviromental liability. The study deeps
into those issues considered relevants as a result of the application of both legislations
on the same subject regarding the doubts and interpretative problems.
Questions relative to the coordination among both legislations in the field of the
recovery of poluted soil and of damages are set out and some interpretative guidelines
are established in light of Acts and Law.
LA PRESENCIA DE LA CRUZ EN LA ESCUELA EN LA JURISPRUDENCIA
Authors: LAFONT NICUESA LUIS
Published: December 2021

La Sentencia del Juzgado de lo Contencioso-administrativo n.º 2
de Valladolid núm.28/2008 de 14 de noviembre de 2008 por la que se entiende que
la presencia de la cruz en clase lesiona el derecho fundamental a la libertad religiosa
ha traído al primer plano de actualidad la problemática de la simbología religiosa
en los espacios públicos. La materia de la presencia de la cruz en las aulas
se ha tratado judicialmente con detalle en el ámbito comparado. En este trabajo
se analizará la doctrina de los órganos judiciales españoles y extranjeros sobre la
posible lesión de la libertad religiosa ante la presencia del crucifijo en centros docentes
no universitarios de naturaleza pública.

Valladolideko Administrazio Auzietarako 2. Epaitegiaren 2008ko
azaroaren 14ko 28/2008 zenbakiko epaiak dio eskola-geletan gurutzea izateak erlijio-
askatasunerako oinarrizko eskubidea kaltetzen duela, eta horrek puri-purian
jarri duela espazio publikoetako erlijio-sinbologiaren auzia. Gai hau, gurutzea eskola-
geletan izatearena, xehetasunez tratatu izan dute epaitegiek han eta hemen.
Lan honetan, unibertsitatez kanpoko ikastetxe publikoetan gurutzea izatearen auziari
buruz Espainiako eta atzerriko organo judizialek erlijio-askatasunaren kontra
emandako doktrina analizatuko dugu.

The judgment to the case 28/2008 from November 14th, 2008 issued
by the Administrative Court num. 2 from Valladolid, whereby crucifix in classrooms
is considered detrimental to the fundamental right of religious freedom has
brought to the foreground the problems relating to the religious symbologies in
public places. The question of crucifixes in classrooms has been judicially dealt
with in great detail in comparative law. In this work, it will be analyzed the case
law on the possible violation of religious freedom in the presence of crucifixes in
public under-graduate educational centers issued by foreign and national courts.
LA GESTIÓN DE LA POLÍTICA SOCIAL EN LA ADMINISTRACIÓN LOCAL
Authors: PASTOR SELLER ENRIQUE
Published: December 2021

El artículo presenta los valores estratégicos y transversales de la participación
ciudadana para la gobernanza local y la mejora de las políticas sociales de
proximidad. En su ilustración, se analiza el rendimiento democrático de los órganos de
participación asociativa para profundizar en las políticas sociales públicas en el ámbito
municipal, así como los retos y desafíos que supone su intensificación para la gobernanza
local y la eficacia de centros, organizaciones y profesionales de la intervención
social. Para su adecuada ilustración y contextualización se alude a la línea de reforma
que introducen las nuevas Leyes de Servicios Sociales autonómicas y los hallazgos y
conclusiones obtenidos en una investigación empírica sobre participación ciudadana
en las Políticas Sociales de la Región de Murcia, contrastando y comparando sus resultados
con realidades y tendencias observadas en otros estudios y experiencias.

Artikulu honetan, herritarrek toki-administrazioaren gobernantzan
parte hartzeko balio estrategiko eta zeharkakoak aurkezten dira, bai eta hurbiltasunezko
gizarte-politikak hobetzekoak ere. Azalpenean, elkarteetan parte hartzeko
organoek udal-esparruko gizarte-politiketan sakontzeko zein errendimendu
demokratiko dakarten aztertzen da, bai eta politika sozial publikoak indartzeak zein
erronka dakartzan toki-administrazioaren esparruan politika sozial publikoetan sakontzeko,
toki-administrazioaren gobernantzarako eta gizarte-interbentzioan parte
hartzen duten ikastetxe, antolakunde eta profesionalen eraginkortasunerako. Adibidea
eta testuingurua egokiro ezartzearren, autonomia-erkidegoetako gizarte-zerbitzuetako
lege berriek ekarritako erreforma-ildoa aipatzen da, bai eta Murtziako
eskualdeko politika sozialetan herritarren parte hartzeari buruz egindako ikerketa
enpiriko batek emandako aurkikuntzak eta ondorioak ere; horretarako, ikerketa horren
emaitzak eta hautemandako errealitate eta joerak beste azterlan eta esperientzia
batzuekin alderatu eta konparatu dira.

The paper presents the strategist and trasversal values of citizenship
participation to local government and the improvement of proximity social
policies. In its illustration, We analize the democratic output of associative participation
organization to deepen in public social policies in local area, as well as the
challenges that its intensification suppos for the local governship and for the centers
efficacy, organizations and social intervention professions. For its adecuated
illustration and contextualization we mention the reform lines that introduce the
new Autonomic Social Services Laws and also the findings and conclusions obtained
trough an empirical reserche about citizenships in The Region de Murcia
Social Policies contrasting and comparing their results with realities and trends
observed in others studies and experiencies.
GOI MAILAKO HEZKUNTZAREN EUROPAR ESPARRUKO UNIBERTSITATE ANTOLAKUNTZAKO EREDUAK
Authors: ALKORTA IDIAKEZ ITZIAR
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo nos traslada una reflexión acerca de las principales
consecuencias de las reformas producidas en los estudios universitarios
por las políticas adoptadas en torno al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior. Se
analizarán los modelos adoptados en los países firmantes de la Declaración de Bolonia
y se compararán las distintas interpretaciones que se han dado en ellos, tras
lo cual se examinarán específicos instrumentos para la implantación de un espacio
universitario único (entre ellos, el ECTS y el Suplemento Europeo al Título). Como
consecuencia del citado análisis, se finalizará con unas consideraciones relativas a
la articulación de los nuevos sistemas de garantía de los estudios universitarios.

Goi Mailako Hezkuntzaren Europar Esparruaren inguruan abian
jarritako politikek unibertsitate-ikasketetan eragin dituzten eraldaketen ondorio nagusiei
buruzko hausnarketa helaraziko zaigu lan honetan. Boloniako Adierazpena
sinatu zuten herrialdeetan izandako ikasketa-erreformak aztertu eta haietariko bakoitzean
emandako interpretazioak alderatu ondoren, unibertsitate-esparru bateratua
eraikitzeko berariazko tresnak aztertuko dira (haien artean, ECTS eta Tituluaren
Europako Gehigarria). Analisi horren guztiaren ondorio gisa, unibertsitate-ikasketen
bermerako sistema berrien artikulazioari buruzko gogoeta batzuekin amaituko da.

This present work leads us to a reflection concerning the main
consequences produced by the reforms in the University studies due to the
policies adopted within the European Higher Education Area. The models adopted
along the signatories countries of the Bologna Declaration will be analyzed and
the different interpretations given by them shall be compared, and after which the
specific instruments for the introduction of a single university space (among them,
ECTS and European Diploma supplement) will be examined. As a consequence of
the adoresaid analysis, we will finish with some considerations regarding the
organization of new systems of assurance of university studies.
RÉGIMEN JURÍDICO DE LOS EXÁMENES UNIVERSITARIOS
Authors: MOREU CARBONELL ELISA
Published: December 2021

Uno de los ejes de la adaptación de la Universidad española al Espacio
Europeo de Educación Superior lo constituye la evaluación, ya que en las
nuevas enseñanzas «a la boloñesa» se evalúa el aprendizaje, las competencias, y
no sólo el conocimiento. Este planteamiento obliga a encontrar nuevos enfoques
en los procesos e instrumentos clásicos de evaluación, superando así el tradicional
«examen» como único criterio para la calificación del estudiante universitario.
Este cambio trascendental tiene innegables consecuencias jurídicas. De todas ellas
se ocupa el presente estudio, analizando la normativa vigente, desde una perspectiva
crítica y con propuestas de reforma.

Espainiako Unibertsitateak Goi-mailako Hezkuntzaren Europako
Esparrura egokitzeko ardatzetariko bat ebaluazioa da; izan ere, Bolognan erabakitakoari
jarraiki eratutako irakaskuntza berrietan, jakintza ez ezik, ikaskuntza eta
gaitasunak ere ebaluatzen dira. Hori dela-eta, ebaluatzeko tresnei dagokienez alternatibak
aurkitu behar dira, betiko «azterketa» ez izateko unibertsitateko ikasleak kalifi
katzeko irizpide bakarra. Aldaketa hori oso funtsezkoa izango da, eta, zalantzarik
gabe, ondorio juridikoak izango ditu. Horiei guztiei buruzkoa da ikerketa hau; izan
ere, indarrean dauden arauak aztertzen ditu, ikuspuntu kritiko batetik eta erreformak
proposatuz.

One of the axes of the adaptation by Spanish Universities to
the European Higher Education Area is the assessment, because with the new
studies according to Bologna learning, competences, and not only knowledge, are
assessed. This approach obliges to fi nd new perspectives to the classic procedures
and tools of assessment, superseding the traditional «test» as the only criteria for
the assessment of University students. This important change has undeniable legal
consequences. This study deals with all of them, analyzing the current rules, from
a critical perspective and with proposals for the amendment.
Influencia del riesgo país en el rendimiento de los bonos soberanos de Perú
Authors: Castañeda Vargas Winston Adrián , Bueno Mariaca Walther Arturo , Arias Vascones Gerardo Renato
Published: December 2021

La investigación desarrollada tiene como objetivo analizar el grado de influencia entre el riesgo país medido a través de EMBIG y el rendimiento de los bonos soberanos emitidos por el sector público de Perú. El estudio es de tipo longitudinal, para lo cual se toma información del Banco Central de Reserva del Perú y para comprobar los resultados se utilizó un modelo de regresión múltiple, con la finalidad de establecer el grado de causalidad entre ambas variables. Se concluyó que tanto la variable dependiente tratada como endógena y rezagada un periodo, así como el riesgo país, influyen significativamente en el rendimiento de los bonos soberanos emitidos por el Perú.
Liderazgo directivo y desempeño docente en un centro de idiomas de Tacna
Authors: Lara Cortez Claudia Irene , Romaina Flores Juan Carlos
Published: December 2021

La investigación tiene como objetivo principal el determinar la relación entre el liderazgo directivo y el desempeño docente en el Centro de Idiomas de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann - Tacna, 2019; donde el tipo investigativo es el puro o básico, el nivel es correlacional, el diseño usado es el no experimental, la muestra es de 50 docentes, donde la técnica de campo es la encuesta, el instrumento es el cuestionario, y el enfoque cuantitativo. Se encontró que el 94% de los docentes perciben de nivel regular el liderazgo gerencial que caracteriza a los directivos, siendo la dimensión más destacada el “Mantener el orden y la racionalidad” y la focalizada a mejorar las “Relaciones humanas y participativas”; y el 88% de docentes consideran de nivel elevado su desempeño docente, siendo la dimensión más destacada las “Capacidades pedagógicas”, y la focalizada a mejorar el “Resultado de su labor pedagógica”. Se concluye que existe relación directa y moderada entre el liderazgo directivo y el desempeño docente, puesto que se obtuvo un valor de Rho = 0,476 y un valor de p = 0,000.
THE ATTIUDES OF THE ACADEMIC STAFF IN THE DEPATMENT OF ‎APPLIED ARTS AT KADOORIE UNIVERSITY TOWARDS ADMISSION ‎POLICIES AND THEIR ROLE IN ACHIEVING THE QUALITY OF ‎OUTPUTS
Authors: Al badawi dawlat
Published: December 2021

This is study aimed to identify the attitudes of the academic staff in the Department of Applied ‎Arts at Kadoorie University towards admission policies and their role in achieving the quality of ‎outputs,‎the admission policies of the Department of Applied Arts at Palestine Technical University- ‎Kadoorie have adopted several criteria for accepting students based on their high school grades, in ‎addition to their passing an abilities test. Based on these policies been adopted for students´ ‎admission and the diversity of criteria; this study used to know the attitudes of the members of the ‎academic staff in the Department of Applied Arts at Palestine Technical University- Kadoorie ‎toward these policies and their role in achieving the quality of outputs. The researcher followed the ‎qualitative approach through the use of the focus group that was applied to a sample of members of ‎the academic staff in the Department of Applied Arts at Kadoorie University consisting of (8) ‎members, and the results of the study showed that the trends of the focus group varied between ‎positive and negative, with reservation on some of the procedures followed in students´ admission, ‎the response of the focus group on the relationship of admission policies with the quality of outputs ‎was positive and with the approval of the majority, and many proposals were submitted to develop ‎them and develop programs in the department, several recommendations were also made, the most ‎important of which are: That the admission policies for the Department of Applied Arts at Palestine ‎Technical University- Kadoorie should be reviewed since the results of this study showed that some ‎of the current adopted policies do not contribute in achieving the quality of outputs‎.
INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM: A STUDY IN FORMS AND EFFEETS
Authors: ABUJANAH Anwer Mohamed Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Terrorism is known as one of the most dangerous phenomena that has the negatively influence the reality of ‎human societies. Despite human history has never been free from acts of terrorism in all its forms, modern ‎terrorism has exceeded in its magnitude, image and impact all that has been found since human existence. In ‎addition, this phenomenon becomes a matter of concern to human beings wherever it may be exist. ‎Nevertheless, politicians, sociologists, lawmakers and philosophers, as well as various intellectuals and writers ‎alike, accept without hesitation the recognition of the difficulties of identifying and placing terrorism within a ‎comprehensive background that is acceptable to all. The disagreement and the lack of understanding that ‎accompanied and kept pace with all the attempts that were made and are taking place discuss the term of ‎terrorism. The problem of the terrorism under study revolves primarily around a phenomenon that is now ‎plaguing the entire world. This paper discusses a diagnosis of incurable disease called international terrorism to ‎reveal some of the uncertainties and uncertainties in this phenomenon. The importance of the topic is about ‎highlighting the important and effective role played by the international community and the Islamic societies ‎in the fight against terrorism. Furthermore, this paper aims to clarify the concept of international terrorism and ‎and identify the most important forms and dangers resulting from it, which has been increasing rapidly in ‎recent times and the consequent threat to the integrated human security system, whether moral security, ‎economic security, social security, or Political security or environmental security‎.‎
PROBLEMS FACED IN EXPORT BY THE GINNER ROLE, COST ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENTS IN TERMS OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
Authors: KODALOĞLU Murat , AKARSLAN Feyza , KODALOĞLU Ali İhsan
Published: December 2021

Due to the fact that cotton is an industrial product, the production amounts of the countries that control the world cotton production (such as China, India, USA) and the raw product taken by the main mechanisms reach the industrialist after pre-treatment. increasing day by day. Yalvaç District Leather arts and leatherwork; The leather, which is processed and made ready for use in the shops in the region called the tannery, is generally marketed abroad. In the past, although the masters used to tan leather for use in different fields in the tannery region, it is now known that many masters produce cotton ginning rolls due to the market problem. In this study; The aim is to examine the problems faced by the producers of Yalvaç ginning rolls in foreign trade, to investigate the effects of these problems on the economy of Yalvaç, and to gain a scientific perspective on the problems they encounter in foreign trade. In addition, leather processing workshops were evaluated in terms of occupational safety.
Sanal Mağaza Atmosferinin E-Memnuniyet, E-Yapışkanlık ve E-Sadakat Üzerindeki Etkisi: Giyim Sektöründe Bir Uygulama
Authors: Güllü Kenan , Uyar Kumru , Sargın Sinem
Published: December 2021

Teknolojinin gelişmesiyle birlikte internet kullanımının artması, bireylerin yaşamlarını etkilemekle kalmayıp, firmaların da işleyiş biçimlerini etkilemiştir. Dünyada yaşanan bu gelişmeler sonucunda e-perakendecilik kavramı ortaya çıkmıştır. Sanal mağazalar rakiplere karşı fark yaratmak, öne çıkabilmek ve tüketicilerde memnuniyet duygusu yaratmak adına sanal mağaza atmosferi tasarımına gereken önemi vermeye başlamışlardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı giyim sektöründe sanal mağaza atmosferinin E-memnuniyet, e-yapışkanlık ve e-sadakat üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu doğrultuda, kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 399 tüketici üzerinde çevrimiçi anket uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları, sanal mağaza atmosferi boyutlarından “mağaza önü tasarımı, mağazanın iç dekorasyonu, yerleşim düzeni ve görsel sunumlar” boyutlarının e-memnuniyet üzerinde etkili olduğunu; fakat “insan ve ödeme” boyutunun e-memnuniyet üzerinde etkili olmadığını göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, araştırma sonuçları, e-memnuniyetin e-yapışkanlık ve e-sadakat üzerinde etkili olduğunu fakat e-yapışkanlığın e-sadakat üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin bulunmadığını ortaya koymaktadır.
Productivity of Short-Rotary Crop Cultivation under Different Systems of Basic Tillage in Organic Agriculture of the Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Yurkevych Yevgen , Valentiuk Nataliia
Published: December 2021

Long-term reform of the agricultural sector in Ukraine is taking place under difficult economic and natural conditions. In modern agriculture, the most relevant ones are biologized measures and technologies for growing crops and resource- and energy-economic restoration of soil fertility. Studies of the impact of the system of basic tillage and the use of straw bio-decomposers and postharvest residues in organic farming were conducted in the most common and typical for the southern region of the steppe of Ukraine short- rotation crop cultivation with the following alternation of crops: peas – winter wheat – winter barley – ½ sunflower fields + ½ corn fields. During the years of the first cultivation, the experiment showed the advantages of a system of differentiated tillage, where even without the use of bio-decomposers, the highest yield of cereals was obtained – 3.64 tons/ha and sunflower – 2.20 tons/ha (check experiment). The application of the planar-free system combined with multi-depth and especially planar-free shallow soil processing, main tillage caused a decrease in grain yields by 0.11-0.39 tons/ha and sunflower by 0.28-0.42 tons/ha, respectively. With the use of bio-decomposers provided by brands Ecostern and Cellulad, yields’ growth is in the range of 0.13-0.25 t/ha or 4.5-8.7% for cereals and 0.10-0.23 t/ha or 5.4-12.4% for sunflower. The application of the Ecostern bio-decomposer 1.5 l/ha provided an increase in the yield from 1 ha of crop rotation area of grain, fodder, fodder-protein units and digestible protein on average in all systems of basic tillage by 4.7, respectively; 4.5; 4.3 and 5.4%, and with the introduction of Cellulad 2.0 l/ha, these figures increased by 9.5, respectively; 8.9; 8.6 and 10.8% compared to options without the introduction of bio-decomposers
The Integrated Approaches to the Productivity Management of the Grape Plantations of Different Ages
Authors: Ishchenko Iryna , Savchuk Yurij , Petrenko Svitlana , Malaschuk Oksana , Taranenko Olena
Published: December 2021

The article highlights the generalized research data of the Department of Horticulture, Viticulture, Biology and Chemistry of Odessa State University. The main direction of its work is to maintain the productivity of existing plantations and the formation of high-yielding plantations of grapes of technical varieties in the Northern Black Sea region of Ukraine. Based on many years of research, the productivity of vineyards of Aligote, Traminer pink, White fetish, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon and many others has been established, as well as complex schemes of impact on young grape bushes and plantations older than 25 years. As a result of researches, the basic optimum terms for conditions of the South of Ukraine in which it is necessary to carry out processing by growth stimulators and root and foliar feeding are established. These terms are: the first treatment before flowering, the second when the berries reach the size of a pea and the third at the beginning of ripening berries. It is proved that the after-effect of application of fertilizing elements is intensified on old plantations after the renewal of the plantation and can last up to three years, depending on the wet supply of the territory. The main conclusions and proposals for the use of complexes of agricultural technology elements based on root and foliar nutrition with different substances, irrigation, periodic deep tillage is given. Based on the obtained results, a mathematical model of quality management of grape products and products of its processing is developed
Determination of Length of Individual Pellets and Pellets’ Lengths Distribution
Authors: Zhovmir Mykola
Published: December 2021

A form and dimensions of fuel particles influence the intensity of their burning and approaches to the mathematic description of the process. Known methods do not allow correctly measuring all pellets’ lengths and describing pellets’ lengths distribution. The purpose of the study is to substantiate method for determining the individual pellet length and to specify statistical characteristics of pellets’ lengths distribution. The purpose was achieved by applying the proposed method of indirect determination of the length of each pellet by weighing it, followed by calculation of the equivalent length and modal cluster analysis of the distribution of pellets by length, based on the probability density distribution. The most noteworthy results are that the experimental calculation of the equivalent length gives results that coincide with direct measurements for pellets of the correct shape, but in contrast to direct measurements can also be used to determine the equivalent lengths of irregularly shaped pellets and their fragments. Clustering allowed grouping pellets around objectively existing local maxima in the probability density distribution, which can be identified at intervals of pellet lengths not exceeding 2 mm. The importance of the obtained results is that the indirect method of determining the length of pellets allows replacing the measurement of pellet lengths by their weighing, which eliminates subjective factors when measuring the length of irregularly shaped pellets and their fragments. Clustering characterised the granulometric composition of pellets with histograms of probability, mass fraction, and average length by clusters. Upon using proposed approaches, granulometric composition of industrially produced pellets was specified and increased probabilities were noted for 8 mm pellets in clusters of smaller lengths, compared to 6 mm pellets; while straw pellets are characterised by a higher probability in clusters with shorter lengths compared to wood pellets