bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
- Cultivation of Acem acem (Oxalis dehradunesis Raizada) and Its Utilization as a Hand Sanitizer for Protection of Exposure to Chemical Pesticides
Authors: Hasanah Yaya
Published: December 2022

Farmers in Tanah Karo still use chemical pesticides a lot and often experience direct exposure to pesticides due to not using personal protection during pesticide spraying. Based on the farmers' habits, exposure to pesticides is cleaned by rubbing the leaves of acem acem (Oxalis dehradunensis Raizada) to the dirty and exposed parts of the pesticide. Acem acem leaves have many benefits and are local potentials that can be new opportunities for farmers to process acem acem leaves into products that have economic value. In addition, acem acem leaves that grow wild and are scattered in every farmer's field in Tanah Karo become an obstacle in providing raw materials in large quantities because it will take a lot of time, effort, and money to collect them. The purpose of this community partnership program is to develop acem acem leaves as raw material for hand sanitizers by means of intensive cultivation, increase farmers' understanding of the use of acem acem leaves in protecting exposure to chemical pesticides, empower farming communities in making hand sanitizers made from acem acem leaves. The solution to partner problems is to cultivate acem acem as raw materials, educate the farming community to utilize acem acem leaves into products that have economic value such as hand sanitizers so that they can increase farmers' income. The implementation of community partnership service activities is carried out by training at each stage of acem acem cultivation, maintenance of acem acem, harvesting, and post-harvest as well as processing acem acem into hand sanitizers, as well as direct practice of demonstration plots for acem acem cultivation.
Kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap Birokrasi Pelayanan Publik di Bandara Internasional Soekarno Hatta
Authors: Gulo Elisari , Martitah Martitah , Muhtada Dani , Ghazali Rusman , Miftahjannah Ananda
Published: December 2022

Birokrasi sebagai struktur, sistem, dan tatanan aturan yang ditetapkan dalam mengendalikan aktifitas organisasi pada sistem administratif penyelenggaraan negara dengan arah tujuan peningkatan kualitas pelayanan publik, akuntabilitas kerja, dan terhindar (korupsi, kolusi, nepotisme). Kebijakan pada dasarnya bentuk tindakan, kebijaksanaan, dan keputusan (eksekutif, legislatif, yudikatif) berdasarkan aturan hukum yang berlaku. Era disruptive innovation mengalami perkembangan teknologi informasi komunikasi, pergerakan kebijakan pemerintah berpengaruh besar pada birokrasi pelayanan publik khususnya disektor penerbangan. Hal ini menempatkan kenyataan bahwa tranportasi udara sangat penting sebagai penunjang aktivitas tiap individu diera kini dan dimasa yang akan datang. Harapan besar rakyat mendapat rasa keadilan, kesetaraan, jaminan, perlindungan, kesempatan, keamanan dan kenyamanan setiap pengguna jasa bandar-udara. Ekspektasi birokrasi pelayanan publik sesungguhnya patuh terhadap tatananan sistem prosedur dan aturan hukum yang berlaku untuk kepentingan bersama. Terobosan inovasi modern penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik mengedepankan standar transparansi sebagai bentuk (keadilan, kepastian, jaminan), serta menyiapkan SDM-multifaset yang memberikan pelayanan prima-excellent.
Strategi Pengembangan Industri Kreatif Lintas Sektoral di Kabupaten Ponorogo Jawa Timur
Authors: Rohmanu Abid , Murdianto Murdianto , Jamianto Jamianto , Prasasti Bagio , Sumarsono Cokro Wibowo , Fikriawan Suad , Hariyanto Wahid , Supriati Eny , Antikasari Tiara Widya , Mintyastuti Dyah Sri
Published: December 2022

Riset ini bertujuan mengetahui bagaimana pengembangan nilai rantai kegiatan produksi, strategi kemitraan, dan prosedur pengembangan industri kreatif kriya kulit lintas sektor di Ponorogo.Metode penelitian menggunakan riset pengembangan yang dilaksanakan di wilayah Ponorogo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan industri kreatif diawali dari penyediaan bahan baku berkualitas dengan harga kompetitif. Peningkatan mekanisme modern pemotongan hewan, penyamakan modern, pembinaan tenaga profesional melalui pelatihan vokasional dan pengembangan program studi kriya kulit pada Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan. Pengembangan model kemitraan dengan pelibatanfour helix of innovation didasarkan pada kesadaran bersama dan ko-operasi (cooperation). Pengembangan kemitraan industri kreatif dibangun berdasar pada isu dan problem yang berkembang di Ponorogo. Pengembangan manual prosedur meliputi, prosedur penyiapan bahan baku, produksi, dan pemasaran baik yang bersifat online maupun offline.
Pengelolaan Limbah Mikroplastik pada Udang dan Ikan di Segmen Hilir Sungai Brantas
Authors: Subakti Elvina Indriani , Maulana Irkham , Junaedi Abdus Salam , Farid Akhmad
Published: December 2022

Mikroplastik merupakan partikel yang memiliki ukuran <5 mm. Sifat mikroplastik yang menempel pada semua molekul dapat mengkontaminasi biota perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi mikroplastik pada udang dan ikan di sungai Brantas. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). Metode ini memiliki beberapa tahap yaitu sampling, identifikasi sampel, dan analisis data. Pengambilan  sampel diambil sebanyak 9 stasiun. Menurut metode NOAA (National Oceanic and atmospheric Administration), sampel perlu dilakukan pemberian H2O2 dengan kosentrasi 30 % dan FeSO4 dengan konsentrasi 0.05 M dan sampel diinkubasi selama 24 jam. Hasil yang diperoleh ditemukan sebanyak 5-15 partikel/ekor pada udang (Macrobrachium equides) dan pada ikan sebanyak 11-345 partikel/ekor. Peran masyarakat sangat penting dalam pengurangan penggunaan plastik sekali pakai yang menjadi penyebab utama adanya kontaminasi mikroplastik. Sebaiknya perlu adanya  pengolahan limbah dengan mengolahnya terlebih dahulu sebelum dibuang ke sungai, serta membuat regulasi penggunaan sampah plastik sekali pakai.
Pengembangan Hilirisasi Porang (Amarphopallus Onchopillus Prain) sebagai Agroindustri Unggulan Jawa Timur
Authors: Hidayat Ramdan , Purwadi Purwadi , Sasongko Purnomo Edi , Dwiridhotjahjono Jojo
Published: December 2022

Tujuan kajian ini mengembangkan agroindustri bibit unggul, budidaya, kelembagaan petani dan pemasaran, serta peta kapasitas produksi dan areal budidaya porang. Motodologi yang digunakan meliputi 4 kerangka model, yaitu: agroindustri pembibitan, pengembangan budidaya, kelembagaan petani dan pemasaran, serta pemetaan kapasitas produksi pabrik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan: Agroindustri bibit unggul dilakukan melalui perbanyakan spora, katak dan umbi. Pengembangan budidaya porang di Jawa Timur terdapat di 29 Kabupaten dengan luas area budidaya 36.616 ha dan 5 Kabupaten dengan luas areal lebih dari 1.000 ha, diantaranya: Trenggalek, Madiun, Jember, Ponorogo dan Pacitan. Kapasitas produksi 17 perusahaan pengolah umbi menjadi chips, tepung, beras, mie dan tahu sebesar 266.250 ton/tahun. Model tata niaga porang di Jawa Timur meliputi: Pemasaran langsung umbi produksi dan bibit (umbi dan katak). Pemasaran tidak langsung berupa bibit. Model Supply Chain Management agroindustri porang yang proporsional antara petani, pengepul, pabrik dan distributor.
A Figure in The Process from Tawhid to Shirk: Amr B. Luhay
Authors: Ertürk Hatice Nur
Published: December 2022

Tawhid”, which means dedicating worship only to Almighty Allah and turning to Him, is the basis of Islamic belief. “Shirk”, which means associating partners with Allah (cc), has somehow existed in the life adventure of human beings since the first human and the Prophet Adam. Regardless of the society, geography, time and place, it is observed that shirk comes to life when belief in Allah (cc) is weakened. In the period when the Prophet Muhammad was sent, besides the belief in Allah among the Arabs, idolatry was one of the basic elements of religious life. In this study, the factors that led the Arab society, who were the first addressees of the Prophet’s message, to turn to idolatry, were revealed through a figure whose name is mentioned a lot in the sources. As the majority of Islamic sources point out, Amr b. Luhay from Huzaa tribe is the person who introduced idolatry into the life of the Hijaz society and the Arabs in general. In this study, his position and the process are clarified as much as possible. Ending the rule of the Curhum tribe over Mekka and seizing power with the support of his tribe, Huzaa, Amr b. Luhay undersigned some practices that would leave deep traces in later periods. The influence of the Prophet Abraham’s tradition of tawhid has been continuing especially in Mekka and the Hijaz region for a long time. According to narratives, Amr b. Luhay took some of the idolatry he saw during a trip to the north of Arabia and brought them to the Hijaz. Convincing the public that this idolatry has extraordinary qualities, he created new rituals and made an expansion in his own way. He encouraged the worship of idolatry such as visits, sacrifices, and circumambulation, inherited from the Prophet Abraham. Idolatry, which was respected and refrained by people when appropriate, increased numerically over time. The symbol of tawhid, the Kaaba, has turned into a pantheon of idolatry. Amr expanded the wave of idolatry in the peninsula by bringing the idolatry named Vedd, Yauk, Yegus, Nesr, Suva‘, which remained from the time of Prophet Noah and mentioned in the Qur’an, to different Arab tribes. Carrying out practices that were diametrically opposed to the understanding of tawhid and led the Arab society to the circle of shirk, Amr b. Luhay was not limited to bringing idolatry to the region The chief of the Huzaa tribe, Amr b. Lühay, draws attention as a pioneer and charismatic leader, influencing the masses by gathering power, material and spiritual forces in his hands in Mekka, the centre of the Arabian Peninsula. Due to his pioneering role in presenting Shirk to the Arab society, he marked a negative era. The statements in the narratives from the Messenger of Allah that he saw him in Hell should be a warning in the form of “indicating evil/a means of doing evil”.
Nietzsche and Emerson on History
Authors: Langone Laura
Published: December 2022

This paper aims to show how Nietzsche was influenced by Emerson in developing a conception of history as a set of values to be embodied in order to gain a deeper insight into the essence of reality. It is a conception that Nietzsche first expressed in his second Untimely Meditation, On the Uses and Disadvantages of History for Life (1874) and that fully developed in the period of his so-called “free spirit philosophy” (1878-1882). Firstly, I will briefly outline the relationship between Nietzsche and Emerson. Secondly, I will illustrate Emerson’s stance on history. Thirdly, I will show how Nietzsche drew from Emerson’s thought.
An event-without-witness: a Nietzschean theory of the digital will to power as the will to temporalize
Authors: İşsevenler Talha
Published: December 2022

This article offers a Nietzschean theory of digital will to power to conceptualize the temporality of social media feeds run by algorithms. Stylistic and methodological temporalities of Nietzsche are discussed as well as their influence in subsequent social theory of political technologies. The paradoxes of heavy investment in both subjective expression and nonhuman temporalization in social media milieus is addressed with the concept of an event-without-witness drawn from Nietzsche’s account of himself as the solitary thinker of catastrophe of nihilism and psychoanalytical and deconstructive literatures on the catastrophes of the 20th century. Nietzsche’s fundamental resistance to and fascination with the philosophical and cultural modes of mummyfication, i.e. eternalization as an expression of the will to power is used to think the will to power in the creative algorithmic temporalization of social interactions through the selection, distribution and serialization of data for social media feeds.
Nietzsche and Transhumanism: A Reassessment
Authors: Carollo Brett
Published: December 2022

This paper addresses the scholarly debate over Nietzsche’s relationship to transhumanism. Most writing on this topic has focused almost exclusively on whether or not Nietzsche’s thought is philosophically compatible with transhumanist philosophy. Because ideas are not always transmitted in philosophically cogent ways, this approach is inadequate to address the question of how Nietzsche may have influenced transhumanism. I propose replacing the current approach with a history of ideas approach that also tracks “para-philosophical” vectors of influence. Bringing to bear such an approach, I argue that Nietzsche was crucial in laying the groundwork for transhumanism. First, his rejection of Being, of a fixed ontological order, decisively undermined essentialist conceptions of human nature, opening the door to a radical refashioning of the human being such as that envisioned in the transhumanist “posthuman.” Second, Nietzsche’s superman and the transhumanist posthuman are instantiations of apotheosis, a perennial impulse toward self-divinization at the core of many mystical and esoteric systems. The superman represents the ideal of apotheosis filtered through Nietzsche’s materialism and his processual turn, and it is in this modified, post-Nietzschean form that the ideal passes to transhumanism. Finally, I demonstrate that Nietzsche’s thought is not as philosophically incompatible with transhumanism as some critics claim.
Manisa İli Alaşehir İlçesi Bağ Topraklarının Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Özellikleri
Authors: ATEŞ Fadime , KUŞTUTAN Fulya , ŞİMŞEK Halis , TURAN Metin , DARDENİZ Alper
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırma, Manisa ilinin en büyük bağ alanlarına sahip Alaşehir ilçesinde üzüm üretiminin yapıldığı toprakların genel özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla, kırsal yerleşim yerlerindeki 20 bağdan 0–60 cm derinliklerden toplanan 100 toprak örneği üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu araştırma ile Manisa bağlarının toprak pH, EC, organik madde, doku sınıfları, makro ve mikro besin maddesi özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırma alanıyla ilgili toprak örneklerinin analiz sonuçları sınır değerlerle karşılaştırılmış ve toprakların verimlilik durumları değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgulara göre; Manisa ili bağ toprak örneklerinin pH’ı kuvvetli alkaliden nötre doğru değişmekle birlikte örneklerin çoğu organik madde eksikliğiyle karakterize edilmiştir. Bağ topraklarının tuz değerleri sınırlayıcı bir faktör oluşturmamaktadır. Toplam azot açısından, tüm örnekleri alt azot sınıfında sınıflandırılmıştır. Bağ topraklarının yaklaşık %48’i kalkerli, mevcut fosforun %29’unun düşük ve %71’inin orta, mevcut potasyumun %97’sinin çok düşük ve %3’ünün ise düşük olduğu bulunmuştur. Mevcut magnezyumun %3’ünün çok düşük, %26’sının düşük, %27’sinin orta, %28’inin yüksek ve %16’sının çok yüksekolduğu tespit edilmiştir. Mevcut kalsiyumun %26’sının çok düşük, %27’sinin düşük, %34’ünün orta ve %13’ünün yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca bağ toprak örneklerinin %69’unda mevcut çinkonun düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Demir, %65’inde yeterli; manganez ve bakır, tüm örneklerde yeterli bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte, bağ toprak örneklerinin besin element içerikleri arasında önemli ilişkilerin olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Portakal Yağının Predatör Akar Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae)’e Karşı Toksik Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: YAŞAR İpek , BARUT Sevilay , BEHCAN Nazan , KÖK Şahin , KASAP İsmail
Published: December 2022

Günümüzde birçok kültür bitkisinde ekonomik zararlara sebep olan İki noktalı kırmızıörümcek [Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)]’in mücadelesinde bitkisel ekstraktların kullanımı önemli bir yer almaktadır. Ayrıca bu zararlının mücadelesinde doğada mevcut faydalı akar Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) aktif olarak kullanılmaktadır. Özellikle tarımsal alanlarda faydalı akarlar ve bitkisel ekstraktların bir arada kullanımı zararlı mücadelesinde etkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Ancak bitkisel ekstraktların zararlılar üzerinde olduğu kadar faydalılar üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması mücadelenin başarısına önemli katkılar sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada akarlar üzerine ruhsatlı olmayan portakal yağının ticari formülasyonunun farklı dozlarda (0.2, 0.4, 0.5 ve 0.6 ml 100 ml-1 su) avcı akar P. persimilis ergin dişi bireyleri üzerindeki toksik etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma laboratuvar koşullarında, pleksiglass levhalar kullanılarak, fasulye [Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae)] yaprakları üzerine yerleştirilen dişi bireylere spreyleme yöntemi uygulanarak 5 tekrarlı olacak şekilde yürütülmüştür. Uygulamadan sonra ölü ve canlı sayımları 1., 24., 48., 72. ve 96. saatlerde yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda. P. persimilis için en yüksek ölüm oranı 0.6 ml 100 ml-1 su uygulama dozunda %52 ölüm oranıyla 96. saatteki sayımlarda belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak uygulanan portakal yağının farklı konsantrasyonlarının avcı akar P. persimilis bireyleri üzerinde farklı oranlarda toksik etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Biogas Energy Awareness of Livestock Farmers: The Case of Çanakkale Province
Authors: GÜLTAKIN Onur , EVEREST Bengü
Published: December 2022

The energy needed in the world is met from fossil sources or renewable energy sources. Renewable energy sources consist of sources that can feed themselves. Humans produce waste material during both production and consumption.

Most of the wastes are organic-based wastes with energy potential. It is possible to produce bioenergy from organic-based waste. In addition to being one of the renewable energy sources, biogas energy provides waste recycling. It is a lower cost energy and fertilizer source compatible with nature. As a result of biogas production, the factors that threaten the environment and human health disappear. In addition, organic wastes do not disappear after the process and turn into valuable organic fertilizer. This study was carried out in Örtülüce village of Biga district, where livestock enterprises are the most in Çanakkale. In the research, the awareness of livestock farmers about biogas energy was examined. According to the findings obtained from the study, 25.3% of the farmers believe that only electricity is produced from biogas, 17.8% know that biogas energy production facilities pollute the environment. On the other hand, 97.3% of the farmers have heard of the concept of biogas before. Also, 49.31% of farmers are willing to participate in biogas investments. Age, level of education, and internet use are found to be influential in farmers' decisions.
Effects of Different Priming Treatments on Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat under Drought Stress
Authors: GÜNAY Eda , TEKER YILDIZ Müge , ACAR Okan
Published: December 2022

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a widely cultivated agricultural crop in dry areas. However, drought is one of the most limiting environmental stress factors for crop production in the world's agricultural areas. Seed priming is a physiological technique involving seed hydration and drying to improve metabolic processes before germination. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of four different priming treatments (hormo-priming (gibberellic acid, GA3), redox-priming (hydrogen peroxide, H2O2), osmo-priming (polyethylene glycol, PEG) and thermo-priming (38oC)) on total chlorophyll content (SPAD), relative water content (RWC), specific leaf area (SLA), H2O2 amounts and shoot-root lengths in a local wheat variety (cv. Ekiz). Drought stress significantly decreased seed germination, shoot-root lengths, SLA, SPAD and RWC while increasing H2O2 content. Thermo-priming treatments fully improved the negative effects of drought on chlorophyll amount and germination compared to control plants. However, shoot-root lengths improved only in half level of control plants. While drought stress decreased seed germination by 14%, hormo-priming treatment ensured germination of all seeds. On the contrary of other priming treatments, hormo-priming and osmo-priming treatments increased RWC. Consequently, thermo-priming and hormo-priming treatments found most effective than the other priming treatments in drought stress resistance for cv. Ekiz.
Çanakkale Batak Ovasında Su ve Sediment Örneklerinde Herbisit Kalıntılarının Araştırılması
Authors: TOP Zübeyde Nur , TİRYAKİ Osman
Published: December 2022

Sucul sistemlerin pestisitlerle kontaminasyonu son yılların en önemli çevre problemidir ve içme suları ve sulama suları için önemli bir riskdir. Aşırı pestisit kullanımı sucul sistemlerin kontaminasyonuna neden olur. Herbisitlerin direkt toprağa uygulanması da topak ve suların kirlenmesi noktasında daha da önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı -Çanakkale İli-Batakovası bölgesinden örneklenen sediment ve su örneklerinde herbisit kalıntılarının araştırılmasıdır Kalıntı analizleri QuEChERS LC-MS/MS sistemi ile yapılmıştır. Metot doğrulama (verification) için, blank sediment ve su örnekleri, herbisitlerin 1*LOQ ve 8*LOQ seviyelerinde spike edilmiştir. Tüm metodun geri alımı, sediment örnekleri için %16.65 (n=80) RSD değeri ile %76.05 olarak; su örnekleri için ise %20.01 (n=40) RSD değeri ile %83,12 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu değerler SANTE’nin belirlediği geri alım (%60-140) ve tekrar edilebilirlik (≤20%) limitleri ile uyumludur. En yüksek kalıntısı bulunan herbisit Terbuthylazine olup, sedimentte 2878 ppb; su örneğinde ise 524 ppb olarak bulunmuştur. Sediment örneklerinde en fazla sayıda örnekte kalıntısı bulunan herbisit Terbuthylazine (9 örnekte)’dir. En fazla sayıda herbisit içeren örnekler sedimentler için, 12 nolu örnekte 6 adet herbisit; sular için ise 30 nolu örnekte 4 adet bulunmuştur. Her iki numunenin alındığı yer de çeşme ve yakın çevresidir.
Türkiye’de kimyasal pestisit kullanımının ekonomi ve çevre yönüyle değerlendirmesi
Authors: AYYILDIZ Merve
Published: December 2022

Son yıllarda pestisitlerin ekonomik getirisinin yanı sıra çevre üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri üzerinde tartışılmaktadır. Nitekim tarımda sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması üretim artışı ile beraber çevresel tahribatın azalmasıyla mümkündür. Bu nedenle çalışmada kimyasal pestisitlerin ekonomi ve çevre üzerinde etkisinin karşılaştırmalı olarak ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. 1990-2021 yıllarına ilişkin kimyasal pestisit, çevresel ve ekonomik göstergeleri kullanılarak pestisitlerin uzun dönem etkilerini belirlemede FMOLS-DOLS modellerinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, bitkisel üretim indeksi ve tarımsal sera gazı emisyonu üzerinde fungusit ve herbisit kullanımı anlamlı bir etkiye sahipken, insektisit kullanımının istatiksel olarak etkili olmadığı belirlenmiştir. FMOLS(DOLS) sonuçları dikkate alındığında fungusit ve herbisit kullanım miktarındaki (kg ha-1) %1’lik artış bitkisel üretim indeksinde sırasıyla %0.16 (%0.16) ve %0.13 (%0.13)’lük artışa; tarımsal sera gazı emisyonunda ise sırasıyla %0.36 (%0.35) ve %0.16 (%0.14)’lük artışa yol açabileceği gözlenmiştir. Sonuçlara bakıldığında, pestisit kullanımının verimliliğe önemli ölçüde katkı sağladığını ancak zamanla daha fazla oranda çevresel tahribata yol açtığı söylenebilir. Buna göre pestisit kullanımını azaltmaya ve doğru kullanımını sağlamaya yönelik yasal mevzuatların oluşturulması ve yayım faaliyetlerinin etkinleştirilmesi önemli görülmektedir. Kimyasal pestisit kullanımına alternatif olarak biyopestisitlerin kullanımının yaygınlaşması ve etkinliğinin geliştirilmesi için ARGE çalışmalarına öncelik verilmelidir. Ayrıca uygulamada biyolojik mücadele yöntemlerinin yaygınlaştırılmasına yönelik destekleme ve teşvik politikalarında işlevselliğin arttırılmasının kısa ve orta vadede çevre üzerindeki baskıyı azaltacağı öngörülmektedir.
Termik Santrallerin Etrafındaki Topraklarda Ağır Metal Kapsamlarının Belirlenmesi: Çanakkale Örneği
Authors: PARLAK Mehmet , TAS İsmail , GÖRGİŞEN Ceren
Published: December 2022

Kömürle çalışan termik santrallerin faaliyetleri sonucu etrafa yayılan en önemli kirleticilerden birisi de ağır metallerdir. Ağır metaller toprakta birikerek kirliliğe neden olmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı Çanakkale’deki 3 termik santralin(Bekirli, Değirmencik, Çan 18 Mart) etrafından rastgele alınmış yüzey topraklarında(0-5 cm) ağır metal konsantrasyonları ile ağır metallerin çevresel risklerini saptamaktır. Toprakların ağır metal analizleri ICP-OES kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Biga’daki(Bekirli ve Değirmencik) termik santrallerin etrafından alınmış topraklarda Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni ve Zn konsantrasyonu dünya topraklarından yüksek; Co, Cr ve Pb konsantrasyonu ise dünya topraklarından düşük saptanmıştır. Çan 18 Mart Termik Santrali etrafındaki topraklarda Cd, Mn ve Zn konsantrasyonu dünya topraklarından yüksek; Co, Cr, Cu, Ni ve Pb konsantrasyonu ise dünya topraklarından düşük belirlenmiştir. Hem Biga hem de Çan’daki termik santrallerde kirlilik faktörü Cd hariç diğer ağır metallerde (Mn, Pb ve Zn) orta düzeyde saptanmıştır. 3 termik santralin etrafındaki topraklar jeobirikim indeks değerlerine göre kirlenmemiş(Cd) ile aşırı derecede kirlenmiş(Mn) aralığında olup; kirlilik yük indeksine göre ise Cd, Cu, Mn ve Zn’da kirlenme saptanmıştır
Bingöl İli Silajlık Mısır Üretim Faaliyetinin Mevcut Durumu ve Ekonomik Analizi
Authors: KARAKAYA Ersin , AYÇİÇEK Mehmet
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırma; Bingöl ili silajlık mısır üreten işletmelerin ekonomik analizini yaparak, mevcut durumu ortaya çıkarmak, üreticilerin sosyo-ekonomik durumlarını ve kültürel durumlarını belirlemek ve silajlık mısır yetiştiriciliğinin gelişebilmesi için önerilerde bulunmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın temel verilerini Bingöl ili Merkez ilçesine bağlı köylerden Nisan-Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında basit tesadüfî örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen gayeli olarak silajlık mısır üreten 62 işletmeden anket yoluyla toplanan veriler oluşturmuştur. Araştırma bulgularına göre; tüm işletmelerde ekilen alan ortalama 42.8 da olarak hesaplanmıştır. Anket yapılan çiftçilerin silajlık mısır yetiştirme amaçlarına bakıldığında; geçim amacı %74.6, kolay olması %100, karlı olması %28.6 ve işgücünün az olması ise %79.4 olarak belirlenmiştir. Anket yapılan çiftçilerin %93.7’sinin destek aldığı belirlenmiştir. İncelenen işletmelerde ortalama verim miktarı 4468.2 kg/da olarak belirlenmiştir. Gayrisafi üretim değeri işletmeler ortalamasında 1546.9₺ olarak hesaplanmıştır. 1 kg kuru fasulye üretim maliyeti 0.18₺ olarak belirlenmiştir. İncelenen işletmelerde ortalama brüt kar; 846.6, net kar ise 720.4 olarak bulunmuştur. 1 kg ürün net kârı; işletmeler ortalamasında 0.16 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak; devlet desteğinin devam etmesi, mısır yetiştiriciliği ile ilgili teknik bilgilerinin çiftçilere verilmesi ve üretim aşamasında girdilerin optimum seviyede kullanılması gerekmektedir.
Tarım Arazilerinde Toprak Azot İçeriklerinin Mekansal ve Zamansal Değişimleri ve Azot Kaynaklarının Doğal İzotop Tekniği ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: KAVDIR Yasemin , YÜKSEL Orhan , SUNGUR Ali , ÖZCAN Hasan
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada Çanakkale-Kumkale Ovası'nda (Truva) 51 farklı noktadan, üç farklı dönemde toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Toprakta bulunan azotun, mekansal ve zamansal dağılımını belirlemek için topraklarda toplam azot (N), nitrat-N ve amonyum-N içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca topraktaki azotun kaynaklarını belirleyebilmek için, toprakların doğal δ15N izotop değerleri belirlenmiştir. δ15N sonuçlarına göre Nisan ayında pamuk, buğday ve domates yetiştirilen topraklarda toprak azotunun ana kaynağı inorganik azotlu gübreler olmuştur. Aralık ayında ise çoğu toprakta azotun kaynağı organik ve mineral kökenlidir. Artan organik madde mineralizasyonu nedeniyle, örnekleme alanlarındaki toprak δ15N değerleri Temmuz ayında artış göstermiştir. Toprakların büyük çoğunluğunun δ15N değerleri 5‰ ile 10‰ arasında olup, bu da topraktaki N'nin organik orijinli olduğunu göstermektedir. Nisan ayında δ15N değerlerinin düşük olmasının nedeni, pamuk, mısır, domates, biber, ayçiçeği ve buğday bitkileri için fazla mineral gübre kullanılmasıdır.
Technology of an open pit refinement under limit stability of sides
Authors: Moldabayev S. K , Sultanbekova Zh. Zh , Adamchuk A. A , Sarybaev N. O , Nurmanova A. N
Published: December 2022

Purpose. To establish the feasibility of refining deep open-pit mines below the boundary of the use of combined motor-conveyor transport with an increased slope angles of the pit walls using the developed transport unit for reloading rocks to overlying horizons during the reactivation of pillars under transport berms. Methodology. Preparation of a digital block model of the deposit, the elaboration of 3D geomechanical models for the dynamics of mining, 2D and 3D numerical simulation of the rock stress-strain state of the outcrops of opencast workings, mathematical modeling of stepwise ore reserves and mining schedule, patent research and feasibility study. Findings. It is advisable to carry out mining in terms of the marginal rock state with an increase in the slope of the pit sides below the limit of application of the cyclic and continuous method in ultra-deep open pits. Such design of pit sides is achieved when benches are mined from top to bottom within the boundaries of steeply inclined layers with the use of inter-bench loaders of the developed designed in the completion zone. Provisions for the selection and feasibility of using the loader in the deep zone are formulated based on demarcation of application zones of cyclic (road transport) and cyclic-flow (combined road-conveyor transport) technologies. Originality. Schematization of the mining operation was performed based on the calculated values of safety factor of sides, which allows increasing the slope angles of the pit walls of even ultra-deep open pits in the completion zone. It was found that with deepening of mining, the zones of potential sliding move away from the loose overburden to lower ore benches closer to the final depth of the Kacharsky open pit (760 m), but the safety factor corresponds to the required value according to the design standards. Practical value. An increase in the slope of the pit walls in the completion zone can be achieved using the developed loading installation, the main difference of which is that it can be moved without dismantling under conditions of reactivation of transport pillars (with an increase in lifting height by 1.54.5 times compared to the known equipment).
Energy efficient technologies for the mining industry
Authors: Zhulai Yu. O , Zahovailova D. D
Published: December 2022

The cavitation generator of fluid pressure oscillations is a promising device for productivity and efficiency improvement in the mining industry (hereinafter referred to as the generator). Due to the periodic growth, separation and collapse of cavitation cavities into generator volume, shock pressure oscillations are realized with a frequency range from 1 to 20 kHz. Oscillatory pressure peak values are up by 4 times higher than the steady-state pressure at the generator inlet. The destroyed rock takes on a fatigue character under repeated alternating effects of force impulses. Due to the development of a network of microcracks in the rock, the discontinuity of the rock mass occurs at stresses lower than the rock ultimate strength. This leads to an increase in the rate of penetration, high-quality disintegration of well productive zones and an increase in their production rate, as well as to effective loosening and degassing of outburst-prone coal seams. Purpose. To conduct a systematic analysis of the use of a cavitation generator in the mining industry and evaluate its effectiveness. To develop a simplified method for calculating the maximum values of the range of fluid pressure oscillations by the generator. Methodology. The techniques are based on the study of recent research and publications on the use of the generator as a means of impulse action, and on the processing of on its dynamic parameters experimental data. Findings. The results are given in the form of the main parameters that determine the efficiency of technological processes with hydro pulse exposure. The calculation dependences of values are presented of the cavitation parameter for which of the maximum levels of the fluid oscillation are implemented on the injection pressure and those of the maximum values of the range of fluctuations on the cavitation parameter. Originality. It has been established that the use of the generator as a means of impulse action intensifies the mining industrys technological processes and leads to a significant reduction in specific energy consumption. A new simplified method for calculating the maximum level of the oscillation range has been developed, which makes it possible to determine the rational operation modes of the generator. Practical value. At the stage of designing new equipment or upgrading existing equipment, this simplified method allows determining the effective mode of operation of the generator by engineering methods to reduce the specific energy consumption of the technological process.
Haul road condition impact on tire life of mining dump truck
Authors: Shakenov A , Sadkowski A , Stolpovskikh I
Published: December 2022

Purpose. Off-road tires (OTR) for mining and earthmoving applications which are specially developed for extreme mine site conditions can take 1020% of transportation costs. Up to 15% of OTR content is natural rubber produced from a rubber tree known as hevea brasiliensis. A significant number of OTR fail before the target life built in by tire manufacturers. This has certain negative impacts on the environment and wildlife due to deforestation effect. Thus, the purpose of the work is to increase the durability or, in the terminology of the operators, the mileage of the OTR. Methodology. The current study represents analyses of new modern digital technology for monitoring the mining haul road condition within a site study on Bogatyr Komir coal mine in North Kazakhstan. The influence of operating conditions was controlled, i.e. road quality, temperature conditions, tire pressure, and other parameters on tire life. Findings. The results show the effectiveness of digital technologies and the possibility of extending the life of tires by following the recommendations of the system in a timely manner. As a result of the analysis of temperature regimes and pressure in tires, especially in summer conditions, recommendations for rational operating conditions were determined, which makes it possible to increase the durability of tires. Originality. Modern operational digital methodology for monitoring open pit mines road condition defines ton kilometer per hour (TKPH) indicator per every trip, which provides on-time information for road design and maintenance. Practical value. Growing worldwide demand is driving the development of the mining industry. In the future, more and more fields with a low content of produced raw materials will be put into operation. The development of deposits with a low content of a useful product means that more rock mass must be moved in order for these developments to be profitable. Transportation costs in low-grade mines can be as high as 70% of mining costs due to more haul trucks and longer roads that need to be commissioned. Thus, an increase in the durability of OTR can give a great economic effect not only in the conditions of the Bogatyr Komir quarry under consideration but also in other mining and processing plants.
Research on the rational profile of exit trails of auto transport in deep open mines
Authors: Pavlychenko A. V , Shustov O. O , Kaliuzhna T. M , Otiuskyi A. O
Published: December 2022

Purpose. Technical and economical justification of the parameters of the profile of exit trails without horizontal sections in the operation of road transport in deep open mines. Methodology. To solve the objectives, the following methods were used: analytical, graphic methods, mathematical modeling, comparison of options, and analogies. These research methods are used when studying and justifying of a rational profile of exit trails of auto transport in the open mine, as well as defining the width of the working platforms of the excavator, and doing technical-economical calculations of the proposed solutions. Findings. Based on the performed analysis of parameters determining the distance of transportation of rock mass, it was found that when using the exit trails without horizontal sections, the transportation distance is 300 m, and with horizontal sections 531.3m, which exceeds the former by 1.77 times. The trip time when using the transportation scheme without horizontal sections is 7.44 min, and when using it with horizontal sections, it is 8.42 min. It is proved that the use of exit trails without horizontal sections in the open mine of Poltava Mining and Processing Plant reduces the cost of diesel fuel by 42.57% and capital costs by 40.5%. Originality. A comparison of the actual distance of transportation, and time of dump truck trip by component operations is carried out, and expenses for maintenance of open mine roads when using trails with horizontal sections and without them are calculated. The scheme of exit trails without horizontal sections has been offered for the first time, which allows a reduction in the distance of transportation of rock mass by dump trucks with a reduction of rock volume for carrying out conventions by 57%. Practical value. The developed scheme of the route profile without horizontal sections can be applied to overburdening operations, and the development and deepening of open mines for the extraction of different types of minerals, such as iron ore and hard coal. The expected economic effect from the introduction of trails without horizontal sections is determined by the reduction of diesel fuel costs by 52.9 UAH/t.km, and accordingly 1.68 million UAH for the conduction of conventions.
Numerical study on deformation around underground mining structures (Algeria)
Authors: Berdoudi S , Morsli M. A. R , Mekti Z , Benselhoub A
Published: December 2022

Purpose. To study the stability of underground mining structures using numerical method based on finite elements, two-dimensional (2D), Finite Element (FE) modeling using GEO5 calculation model. Methodology. To consider the influence of geotechnical parameters, the tunneling is carried out by the NATM method. In order to check settlements in soft ground and to carry out the work in complete safety, we used software based on the finite element method. Findings. Determination of the range and prediction of subsoil displacements are necessary when designing this type of structure due to the need to ensure the safety of the active environment located in the zone of influence. Originality. The originality of this work is the characterization of the soil of the studied region, determining of the different physical and mechanical properties as well as the modeling with a recent calculation model based on the Mohr-Coulomb behavior mode. Practical value. Given the characteristics of the current section, this study illustrates that the results obtained using the GEO5 calculation code, show the movement exceeding the permitted threshold; its values are 47.80 and 46.6 mm respectively in the first and second step, which can induce significant ground movements. As a solution, there are possibilities of reducing the current declivity within the limits authorized for this type of line (maximum = 40) in order to increase the cover (height of earth on the key) of the tunnel and consequently reduce surface settlements.
Taxonomy on the production processes and characterization of powder metallurgy used in additive manufacturing process
Authors: Chike Onuchukwu Godwin , Ahmad Norhayati Binti , Al-Naib Uday Basheer
Published: December 2022

Purpose. This article presents a concise and comprehensive review of the technologies that are typically used for manufacturing metal powders as well as the implications that particle features have on the properties of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. Methodology. We surveyed various experiments that have taken place on the effects of the qualities of the powder and how to guarantee the dependability and reproducibility of the parts that are manufactured as well as ways of optimizing a powders performance. We classified the methods for producing metallic powders and highlighted the benefits, limitations, and image analysis of major production techniques. Findings. The usage of different approaches to metallic powder characterization for the analysis of the physical, mechanical, and chemical processes has contributed to major steps in powder optimization. The characterization of these powders is critical for ensuring adequate additive material dimensions and specifications and recording the properties of powders used in an AM and bridging the gap of comprehension concerning the end output in AM. Originality. This paper provides a thorough analysis of the efforts made in the powder characterization of AM components for the interpretation of the impact on the part materials qualities and characteristics. Metallic powder characterization has contributed to substantial progress toward powder optimization in the analysis of particle structures. Practical value. As the application of AM technology is moving away from the creation of prototypes and toward the production of finished products, it becomes important to understand the powder properties necessary to manufacture high-quality elements consistently.
The influence of fissured material on tunnel stability (a numerical study)
Authors: Abderrahmane Taleb Hosni , Ismahene Guemidi
Published: December 2022

Purpose. To understand the effect of fissured material on tunnels. These infrastructure tunnels must be safe in all respects, including construction, materials, and more. One of the challenges which engineers face is the need to consider material types as well as fissured material. As a result, in order to ensure the safety of the tunnel, it is important for us to anticipate possible precipitation, displacements, stresses and strains caused by the construction of tunnels in fractured environments. Methodology. The OPTUMG2 software was used for thisnumerical study, the tunnel was modeled applying the hypothesis of two-dimensional plane deformation with the use of the finite element method, which is used to model continuous media. The Mohr-Coulomb criterium was considered to simulate the elastoplastic nonlinear behaviour of this model. Findings. The ndings demonstrate that the orientation of weakness planes can have a major impact on tunnel stability. Thus, it was observed that 45, and 60 for angle 1, and 110, and 135 for the second angle 2 present the most critical situations. The influence of fissured material (soil) on civil engineering projects such as tunneling should be taken into consideration. Originality. The tunnels stability is determined by the measuring of the displacement (settlement), stresses, and deformation, under the effect of the fissured material in the environment. In this paper we simulated a model with various crack angles. As for the orientation of plane, for the angl3e 1 the values are changed to 0, 20, 45, 65, and 90, the second angle 2 was changed from 110, 135, 155, 175, to 180. Practical value. The number of tunnels and infrastructure projects is constantly increasing. This is because they are important for the development of countries and for accelerating economic growth, shortening distances and travel time by linking urban areas that have natural obstacles such as mountains. We found that the orientation planes can have a major impact on tunnel stability. Thus, it was observed that 45, and 60 for first angle, and 110, and 135 for the second angle present the most critical situations.
Approximation of blades of radial machines with multiparameter family of smooth surfaces
Authors: Katrenko M , Borsch V , Kulyk O
Published: December 2022

Purpose. Development of a mathematical model for creating the spatial forms of blade devices of rotating radial dynamic blade machines. Methodology. An approach to the development of a mathematical model of blade profiling of radial dynamic blade machines, as parts of power plants, air-jet engines and fuel component supply systems of rocket engines, has been suggested. The approach is based on a physical model of the working body flow over helical surfaces. Findings. A system of equations for describing the blade of a radial dynamic blade machine of any purpose as a family of smooth surfaces has been obtained. A multi-parameter correction of the shape of the smooth surface of the blade, accounting for the change in geometric data, based on input and output parameters of the blade, has been developed. Based on a review of modern technology samples, possible configurations of the spatial shape of the blade of the radial and radial-axial type, geometric factors affecting the surface of the blade being created are taken into account. The possibility of obtaining a multi-level blade apparatus by changing the conditions of the geometric parameters at the entrance is shown. Originality. As part of the developed approach, in relation to the conditions for ensuring the calculated geometric parameters and the working process conditions of the blade machine, blade machines operating on compressible and non-compressible working bodies are considered. In particular, the possibility is shown of ensuring the construction of the spatial surface of the blade of the impellers of radial blade machines with a wide range of angles of the blades at the entrance and exit using smooth surfaces. Practical value. The use of a developed mathematical method allows you to perform the profile of rotating vane devices for radial vane dynamic machines of various purposes, such as centrifugal pumps and compressors, centrifugal radial turbines, as well as diagonal type vane machines. The practical significance of the obtained results is determined by the use of dynamic radial vane machines in aviation and rocket technology, aggregates of the mining industry, and technological devices of chemical industry enterprises.