bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Classification Method of Mine Vibration Based on Microseismic Monitoring Cloud Service Platform
Authors: JI Hu , DAI Rui
Published: May 2023

With the gradual deepening of mining depth, sudden ground pressure disasters such as rock burst and collapse caused by deep high stress and high rock pressure are major hidden dangers affecting mine safety production. Microseismic monitoring technology has been widely applied in the field of mine ground pressure disaster warning. The existing microseismic monitoring system has some problems, such as inaccurate automatic recognition and classification of waveform signals, low quality and low efficiency of manual processing. In this paper, the automatic classification of vibration signals in the process of mining is studied, and the automatic classification results are uploaded to the cloud service platform in real time, which solves the technical bottleneck of the existing microseismic monitoring system. Meanwhile, the real-time monitoring of mine ground pressure safety is guaranteed based on the cloud service platform of microseismic monitoring.
Experimental study of coagulation-tubular microfiltration integrated with high-salt wastewater to remove hardness and silica
Authors: Chen Chuanmin , He Yu , Jia Wenyao , Liu Songtao
Published: May 2023

In the zero-discharge treatment processes of high-salt wastewater, calcium ions, magnesium ions and silica can lead to scaling problems in membrane equipment and pipelines. When fouling is difficult to remove completely, it eventually leads to deterioration in the performance of the wastewater treatment system. In order to ensure the long-term stable operation of the zero-discharge process for high-salt wastewater, hardness and silica must be effectively removed in the pre-treatment section of high-salt wastewater. In addition, the current zero-discharge pre-treatment process for high-salt wastewater has disadvantages, such as long processes, poor system stability, large floor space and high operating costs. In response to the above problems, this paper designs and processes an integrated dosing coagulation-tubular microfiltration process for hardness and silica removal based on dosing coagulation experiments with high-salt wastewater from a typical coal-chemical plant, and conducts the tests of wastewater hardness and silica removal. In the experiment, the removal rate of calcium ions, magnesium ions and total silicon were close to 90%, the turbidity of the effluent was less than 1NTU, all suspended solids (SS) were removed, and the recovery rate of wastewater was close to 100%.
Scenario prediction of energy consumption and carbon emissions in Lingang New Area based on LEAP model
Authors: Chen HongYu , Yang YongWen , Zhang LiTing , Li QiFen
Published: May 2023

Based on the statistical data of Lingang New Area in 2021, the LEAP-Lingang model was constructed, and the energy consumption and carbon emissions of Lingang New Area from 2022 to 2035 were predicted and studied by setting three scenarios: benchmark, policy and low carbon. The results show that under the policy scenario, the new area can maintain low energy consumption and carbon emission development, but fails to peak carbon emissions before 2035, and can basically peak carbon emissions around 2030 under low-carbon conditions. On the basis of existing policies, the new area can further promote clean energy development, accelerate regional industry and energy efficiency upgrading, and actively promote green power and green certificate trading to accelerate the process of carbon peaking.
Review of machine learning method for safety management of lithium-ion battery energy storage
Authors: Du Zhehua
Published: May 2023

With the broad implementation of electrochemical energy storage technology, the noteworthy issue of ensuring safe operation and maintenance of battery energy storage power plants has become more and more prominent. The conventional battery management system solely acquires data on the voltage, current, and temperature of individual battery cells. Constrained by hardware processing capabilities, limitations in data transmission bandwidth, and latency issues, effectively monitoring the health and safety of large-scale battery energy storage systems has become a critical technological challenge. The implementation of machine learning techniques in predicting the operating conditions of lithium-ion batteries has provided opportunities for enhancing the safety management of energy storage systems. To address the safety management requirements of lithium-ion batteries, this paper firstly introduces research related to the risk mechanism of abusive use and thermal runaway of such batteries. Next, the architecture and application characteristics of the lithium-ion battery management system will be discussed. The implementation of machine learning techniques for analyzing the health and safety status of lithium-ion batteries is extensively discussed. Finally, a safety assessment of lithium-ion batteries for energy storage power stations is anticipated.
Development and Application of Triangular Main Transformer On-load Tap Changer Hoisting Equipment for Overhaul
Authors: Zhang Siyuan , Zhu Chengliang , Wen Feixiang , Niu Shuaijie , Zhou Gang
Published: May 2023

On-load tap changer is an important part of transformer. It is playing an important role in voltage regulation, and its safe and stable operation affects the reliability of power supply of the power grid. The tap changer has to maintenance after a certain number of operations. In the maintenance process, there are problems such as long time consumption and low efficiency. On this basis, this paper proposes a development on the main transformer on-load tap changer hoisting equipment. It has been verified in practice that the equipment can significantly shorten the working time and improve the working efficiency under the premise of ensuring the work safety.
Discussion on the innovative mode of charge management under the situation of electric power marketization reform
Authors: Huangde Chen
Published: May 2023

The development of electricity spot market has greatly increased the workload of the work of charging and collecting. Charge and collect work is a very important part in the daily operation of power supply enterprises. The quality of the work will affect the economic benefits of the power supply enterprises to a certain extent, and even relates to the resources and energy security of the country. Therefore, only by strengthening the management of charge and verification, optimizing the process of charge and verification, and innovating and upgrading the management mode, can the quality of charge and verification work be improved to a certain extent and enterprises be helped to obtain greater economic benefits. This article is mainly to analyze the power supply enterprises under the situation of the reform of the power market charge and check the work process and the power supply enterprises to charge and check the work of management innovation mode.
Analysis of Abnormal Detection Data of Dissolved Gases in 500kV Transformer Oil
Authors: Dai Jun , Chen Bin , Wu Zhiding
Published: May 2023

Transformers may experience various faults during operation. In order to analyze the cause of the fault or even predict it, electrical and chemical methods need to be used for monitoring to ensure the safe and stable operation of the transformer. This article analyzes the phenomenon of acetylene and excessive gas content detected in the insulation oil of a 500kV transformer in a certain power plant. It is preliminarily judged that acetylene is generated by intermittent arcing inside the transformer. The excessive gas content is caused by poor sealing and leakage, incomplete degassing and exhaust before the transformer is put into operation, and residual gas gradually entering the transformer oil after the transformer is put into operation. Based on the analyzed cause of the fault, preventive measures such as strengthening daily inspections, investigating potential hazards, and conducting mass spectrometry detection are proposed.
Research on capacity allocation of optical storage system based on supply demand balance under the background of green power trading
Authors: Niu Min , Yang Yongwen
Published: May 2023

As a medium - and long-term trading variety, green power is settled based on the actual annual or monthly electricity consumption, without the need to decompose its own load curve. However, with the continuous advancement of the construction process of China’s spot market, medium - and long-term trading nature of green power trading cannot meet the trading requirements of the spot market on a time scale. Therefore, based on the existing capacity allocation model for optical storage joint systems, in order to achieve a high matching between the output curve, the declaration curve, and the load curve, this paper introduces the objective function of minimizing the net load variance to optimize the energy storage capacity, and verifies the scientificity of the model proposed in this paper through simulation.
Design and Implementation of Power Communication Optical Cable Account Management System Based on GIS Technology
Authors: Zhifeng Tian , Jia Chen , Jing Zhou , Xu Zeng
Published: May 2023

At present, the management mode of optical cable account data is mainly based on the traditional manual document entry method, and the electronic forms, CAD drawings, electronic documents and other types are used for manual recording. This method not only has large workload and low accuracy, but also can not accurately record the specific geographical location of the optical cable, thus affecting the efficiency of the operation and maintenance personnel in troubleshooting. There is an urgent need for a set of auxiliary system to facilitate the management of optical cable account data, so as to improve the efficiency of optical cable account management and optical cable operation and maintenance. On the basis of the existing new technology, the operation mode and information management mode of the power cable are analyzed to make the relevant data flow direction. This paper introduces a set of power communication optical cable account management system based on GIS to meet the needs of relevant users, combining the current status and requirements of optical cable account data management.The system can implement a comprehensive management of the communication optical cable, including the operation, maintenance, overhaul and accident management of the optical cable, which plays a positive role in improving the operation and management level of the optical cable.
NOx Emissions of N-butanol and Methane in Low-speed Two Stroke Diesel Engines
Authors: Yang Ding , Zixian Fang , Shengzhi Jin , xiyuan Zhang , Hongyu Fu
Published: May 2023

This article firstly structures a detailed combustion reaction mechanism including methane N-butanol nitrogen oxide. According to two-stroke low-speed diesel engine’s parameter with the characteristics of engine firing, homogeneous charge compression ignition is selected as simulation model. At the same the output power and the excess air coefficient is 1.5, by means of the simulation calculation and analysis of reaction path and reaction mechanism, when N-butanol and methane are mixed in different proportions, the exhaust temperature in the reactor reduces with the increase of methane proportion in reactants. At the same time NO mole fraction increases with the proportion of CH4 in the mixed fuel decreases, but the NO2 mole fraction will increase with the proportion of CH4 in the mixed fuel increases.
Development of waste heat recovery technology from steel slag
Authors: Yue Chongfeng , Li Dianjie , Li Lingjun , Xu Zhongdong
Published: May 2023

The temperature of molten steel slag produced by the steelmaking process is 1500°c~1700°c, and the total amount of energy contained is considerable. Therefore, the efficient recovery and utilization of sensible heat of steel slag has always been the focus of attention of the metallurgical field all over the world. However, at present, the average recovery rate of waste heat resources per ton of steel in China's iron and steel industry is less than 26%, while the sensible heat recovery rate of various molten slag (including steel slag) is only 1.6%. There are huge room and a broad market for improvement.
A new method to suppress the MHD instability of cylindrical liquid metal batteries
Authors: Li Chenhao , Liu Ke , Guo Jingru , Li Benwen
Published: May 2023

The magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) instabilities of liquid metal batteries (LMBs) severely limit the wide application and commercialization of LMB. A new technology is proposed, which is called the gridstructure (GS), so as to achieve the suppression effect of the MHD instabilities in LMB. The GS is composed of electrically and magnetically insulated partitions, which fully contact the negative electrode and extended to the positive electrode of the battery. It is found that the GS inserted inside the LMBs can change the distribution of the circumferential induced magnetic field inside the battery, effectively reduce the induced magnetic field and Lorentz force, and thus improve the stability of the LMB.
Recent Progress of Graphene-Polyaniline Complex Electrode Materials for Supercapacitor
Authors: Su Dongyun , Ma Jun
Published: May 2023

With the increasing energy consumption, it is urgent to find low cost, environmental protection and long-life energy storage equipment. With ultracapacitors, graphene material was attracted wide attention for their advantages about high specific capacitance, excellent rate performance and good electrical conductivity. The preparation methods, electrochemical properties and related mechanisms of graphene materials were summarized, with the purpose of studying the effects of different structures of graphene materials on the performance of supercapacitors, and to find graphene-based materials with excellent performance. Finally, the problems existing in graphene-complex electrode were analysed, and the future research focus was prospected.
Introduction to Retrosynthesis: Strategies and Approaches
Authors: Wang Haoyu , Wei Guanghao
Published: May 2023

Chemical synthesis is a powerful tool for human being as it provides many useful products, especially those that do not exist or only exist in a small quantity in nature. Since it is often hard to design and visualize the reactions of organic synthesis, retrosynthesis is often used to achieve a desired product. This review is an introduction of the concepts of retrosynthetic analysis and how it can be established, including the basic steps and strategies. It also discuss the guiding principles of retrosynthesis (simplification, complexity, yield) along with some possible problems and coping strategies in the analyses, including functional group disconnections, fine tuning, and illogical disconnections.
Novel layered double hydroxides for uranium removal: a review
Authors: HU Hao , XIANG Maohua , YANG Jinhui , YUE Xinglin , LI Shuang , CHEN Machao
Published: May 2023

In recent years, due to the rapid development of China’s nuclear industry, the need for uranium has been expanding, while the environmental pollution of water caused by uranium is also receiving more and more attention. Laminated double hydroxide (LDH) is favored by researchers in water pollution removal due to its special layered structure, good adsorption performance, regeneration and easy recycling. The mechanism of adsorption of uranium by the new LDH is summarized, the preparation process and removal effect are introduced, the removal mechanism and influencing factors are analyzed, and on this basis, the future development and research of adsorbent materials are proposed.
Mehr soziale Teilhabe für Hörgeschädigte durch Cochlea-Implantate?
Zur Ambivalenz der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion und zum Stellenwert psycho-sozialer Begleitung
Authors: Roder Sascha , Strünck Christoph
Published: May 2023

Ziel der Studie Cochlea-Implantate können Menschen mit einer erworbenen, progredient verlaufenden Ertaubung helfen, ihr Hörvermögen wiederzuerlangen. Die betroffenen Personen durchleben allerdings auch einen jahrelangen Prozess der Adaptation, in dem sie ein neues, technisch unterstütztes Hören lernen müssen. Die Studie zeigt, wie Betroffene diesen Prozess erleben und ob ihre Erwartungen an das Implantat erfüllt werden.

Methodik Im Rahmen einer qualitativen Studie wurden 50 Cochlea-Implantat-Träger*innen in einem Leitfaden-gestützten Interview befragt. 30 Personen wurden über den Kontakt zu Selbsthilfegruppen rekrutiert, weitere 20 Personen über ein Hörzentrum nach Vermittlung durch einen leitenden Audiologen. Die Interviewten gaben Auskunft über ihre persönlichen Erfahrungen mit den operierenden Kliniken, über das Erleben der sozialen, kulturellen und beruflichen Teilhabe sowie über die auch nach der CI-Versorgung bestehenden Hörbarrieren im Alltag. Die Befragten trugen die Hörprothese maximal drei Jahre, ein Zeitrahmen, innerhalb dessen die meisten der Folgetherapien beendet sind und der initiale Lernprozess mit dem CI als abgeschlossen gilt.

Ergebnisse Auch mit einem Cochlea-Implantat bleiben Kommunikationshindernisse bestehen. Erwartungen eines vollen Hörverstehens im Freundes- und Bekanntenkreis werden nur bedingt erfüllt. Schwierigkeiten im Umgang mit einer hochtechnisierten Hörprothese sowie das Erleben als „Fremdkörper“ erschweren die Akzeptanz eines CIs.

Schlussfolgerung Die Beratung in der Versorgung mit Cochlea-Implantaten sollte sich an realistischen Zielen und Erwartungen orientieren. Die Versorgung mit einem CI lässt sich verbessern, wenn angeleitete Hörtrainings und Kommunikationsangebote ausgeweitet werden. Auch können ortsnahe Versorgungsstrukturen wie zum Beispiel über zertifizierte Hörakustiker einbezogen werden und dabei helfen, Unsicherheiten abzubauen.
Das Bauchgehirn: neuroanatomische Perspektiven für den Viszeralchirurgen
Authors: Wolniczak Erik , Meyer Frank , Albrecht Anne
Published: May 2023

Unser „Bauchgehirn“ besteht nicht nur aus einem eigenständig tätigen enterischen
Nervensystem, sondern auch aus bidirektionalen Verbindungen mit Parasympathikus und
Sympathikus sowie zu Gehirn und Rückenmark. Neue Studien zeigen, dass diese Verbindungen
schnell Informationen über die aufgenommene Nahrung an das Gehirn weiterleiten können, um so
das Hungergefühl und komplexes Verhalten wie Belohnungslernen zu steuern. Aber auch unser
emotionales Erleben, insbesondere Stress, hat einen starken Einfluss auf das gastrointestinale
System. Das Immunsystem, die Motilität und die Barrierefunktion des Gastrointestinaltrakts
werden außerdem stark vom intestinalen Mikrobiom moduliert. Lokale Bakterien können über
freigesetzte Stoffwechselprodukte und Neuropeptide direkt die neuronale Kommunikation
beeinflussen und Entzündungsfaktoren kontrollieren. Intensive Forschung in den letzten 10
Jahren konnte außerdem belegen, dass das intestinale Mikrobiom emotionale und kognitive
Aspekte unseres Verhaltens beeinflusst und somit im Fokus zahlreicher neuropsychiatrischer
Erkrankungen wie z. B. Depressionen und Angststörungen steht.

Dieser Übersichtsartikel soll einen kurzen Überblick über die anatomischen Grundlagen der
sogenannten Darm-Gehirn-Achse geben und Modi der bidirektionalen Regulierung vorstellen. Über
indirekte Verbindungen zum limbischen System kann die Darm-Gehirn-Achse wesentlich Stress und
Angst, aber auch die Schmerzverarbeitung beeinflussen. Außerdem wird die Rolle des Mikrobioms
erläutert und werden zukünftige Wege dargestellt, wie die (Mikrobiom-)Darm-Gehirn-Achse
emotionales Erleben, Schmerzverarbeitung und Darmfunktion beeinflussen kann. Diese
Zusammenhänge sind für die Weiterentwicklung der Viszeralmedizin und damit auch für den
Viszeralchirurgen relevant, um interdisziplinär orientierte zukünftige Behandlungskonzepte zu
entwickeln.
Wieder auf die Beine kommen – Frührehabilitative Komplexbehandlung
Authors: Gätz Natalie
Published: May 2023

Natalie Gätz beschreibt ihren Arbeitsalltag in einer stationären Einrichtung der Akutgeriatrie. Der konkrete Fokus des Beitrags liegt auf einem Fallbeispiel, in dem eine geriatrische Klientin mit Delir besondere Anforderungen an die ergotherapeutische Intervention stellt.
„Wenn man eine solche Reise erfolgreich abgeschlossen hat, ist man auch für neue Herausforderungen gewappnet“
Authors: Gerasch Leonie
Published: May 2023

Jens Schneider ist Professor für Angewandte Therapiewissenschaften mit Schwerpunkt Ergotherapie an der Hochschule Trier. Er hat an der University of Brighton in Großbritannien promoviert und gibt im Interview einen Einblick in die Gründe für seine Promotion sowie in seinen Schreibprozess.
Prevention and Therapy of Preterm Birth. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k-Level, AWMF Registry Number 015/025, September 2022) – Part 1 with Recommendations
on the Epidemiology, Etiology, Prediction, Primary and Secondary Prevention of Preterm Birth
Authors: Berger Richard , Abele Harald , Bahlmann Franz , Doubek Klaus , Felderhoff-Müser Ursula , Fluhr Herbert , Garnier Yves , Grylka-Baeschlin Susanne , Hayward Aurelia , Helmer Hanns , Herting Egbert , Hoopmann Markus , Hösli Irene , Hoyme Udo , Kunze Mirjam , Kuon Ruben-J. , Kyvernitakis Ioannis , Lütje Wolf , Mader Silke , Maul Holger , Mendling Werner , Mitschdörfer Barbara , Nothacker Monika , Olbertz Dirk , Ramsell Andrea , Rath Werner , Roll Claudia , Schlembach Dietmar , Schleußner Ekkehard , Schütz Florian , Seifert-Klauss Vanadin , Stubert Johannes , Surbek Daniel
Published: May 2023

Aim This revised guideline was coordinated by the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG), the Austrian Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (OEGGG) and the Swiss
Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (SGGG). It aims to improve the prediction, prevention, and management of preterm birth, based on evidence from the current literature, the experience of
members of the guidelines commission, and the viewpoint of self-help organizations.

Methods The members of the contributing professional societies and organizations developed recommendations and statements based on international literature. The recommendations and
statements were presented and adopted using a formal process (structured consensus conferences with neutral moderation, written Delphi vote).

Recommendations Part 1 of this short version of the guideline presents statements and recommendations on the epidemiology, etiology, prediction, and primary and secondary prevention
of preterm birth.
Gegenwärtiger Stand der Brillouin-Spektroskopie in der Ophthalmologie
Authors: Seiler Theo G. , Geerling Gerd
Published: May 2023

Hintergrund Die korneale Biomechanik hat einen erheblichen Einfluss auf das Ergebnis von hornhautchirurgischen Eingriffen, wie astigmatische Keratotomien, und kann Ursache für
Komplikationen, wie z. B. einer iatrogenen Keratektasie, sein. Bisherige Ansätze, die korneale Biomechanik und Spannungsverteilung in vivo zu bestimmen, um Komplikationen zu vermeiden und
Operationsergebnisse besser vorherzusagen, waren nicht erfolgreich.

Ziel der Arbeit In dieser Übersichtsarbeit soll die Funktionsweise der Brillouin-Spektroskopie erläutert und der gegenwärtige wissenschaftliche Stand der Technik für den Einsatz in
der Ophthalmologie dargelegt werden.

Methoden PubMed-Recherche relevanter experimenteller und klinischer Arbeiten sowie eigene Erfahrungen mit der Brillouin-Spektroskopie.

Ergebnisse Die Brillouin-Spektroskopie kann verschiedene biomechanische Moduli von okulären Geweben mit einer hohen räumlichen Auflösung bestimmen. Mit den derzeit verfügbaren
Geräten können an der Hornhaut fokale Schwächungen (Keratokonus) ebenso wie Versteifungen (nach Crosslinking) identifiziert werden. Auch die biomechanischen Eigenschaften der Linse können
gemessen werden. Die Anisotropie und Hydratation der Kornea ebenso wie die Winkelabhängigkeit des Laserstrahls während der Brillouin-Messung erschweren jedoch die Interpretation der
gemessenen Daten erheblich. Eine klare Überlegenheit in der Früherkennung von Keratektasien gegenüber der kornealen Tomografie konnte bisher noch nicht gezeigt werden.

Schlussfolgerung Die Brillouin-Spektroskopie ist eine neue Technik zur biomechanischen In-vivo-Charakterisierung von okulären Geweben, welche die bisherige diagnostische Lücke
schließen kann. Publizierte Ergebnisse sind vielsprechend, bis zum Einsatz im klinischen Alltag sind jedoch Verbesserungen der Messtechnik erforderlich, insbesondere hinsichtlich der
kornealen Anisotropie.
Synthesis of Heavy-Atom-Free Triplet Photosensitizers Based on Organoboron Complexes
Authors: Mula Soumyaditya , Koli Mrunesh
Published: May 2023

A new class of organoboron complexes have been developed as heavy-atom-free triplet photosensitizers. A methodology was developed for the synthesis of an indolocarbazole–imine boron diﬂuoride (IIBD) dye and its dimer from a 6-formylindolocarbazole. The IIBD dye was then coupled with a BODIPY dye through the C-2 or C-8 position of the latter to synthesize two dyads. Both dyads showed superior photophysical properties to those of the IIBD dyes. The relative triplet conversion efficiencies of these dyes were determined by measuring their singlet-oxygen (1O2) generation capacities. All the synthesized dyes showed high 1O2 generation compared with the BODIPY dye PM567. The dyad linked through the C-2 position of the BODIPY core showed the highest 1O2 generation efficiency, which could be useful for photodynamic therapy of cancers.
Imaging Recommendations for Diagnosis, Staging, and Management of Breast Cancer
Authors: Thakur Meenakshi , Chakrabarthi Suma , Haria Purvi , Hari Smriti , Popat Palak , Katdare Aparna , Gala Kunal , Chouhan Sonal , Nair Nita , Bajpai Jyoti , Pathak Rima , Shet Tanuja , Mishra Gauravi , Shah Sneha , Joshi Shalaka , Mynalli Soujanya , Srikanth Anne , Kulkarni Suyash
Published: May 2023

In a rapidly evolving world, with a steep rise in breast cancer incidence, there has been many advances in imaging and therapeutic options of breast cancer care. In this review article, we are trying to cover imaging guideline for cancer detection and their therapeutic options. These help in the reduction of morbidity and mortality.
Is the Doctor Who Cures Right? Or Should We Look for Black Swans? Complementary Aspects of Homeopathy's Scientific Identity
Authors: Rutten Lex
Published: May 2023

Popper's point of view that a hypothesis can only be proven wrong by finding one counter-instance and that confirmation is unscientific is widely acknowledged. In medicine, however, we can only optimise the probability that a therapy works. For this we have to search for counter-instances for our existing ideas. The inclusion of a medicine in a repertory symptom-rubric when the symptom is seen in a cured case is wrong. This biased idea could be replaced by the Bayesian likelihood ratio (LR).

LR can be assessed by prognostic factor research (PFR) using data collection by homeopathic practitioners. In the past 25 years, several PFR projects have been performed. It appeared that practitioners correct for biased entries in the repertory by finding practical solutions. Such solutions are keynote prescribing, selecting sub-rubrics that semantically confirm the preferred medicine and lowering threshold values for symptoms that confirm the preferred medicine. There is also variation between practitioners in confirming medicine selections by repertorisation. This way the bias of the repertory results in biased data collection. Statistical analysis of biased data results in biased conclusions.

Research protocols should deal with bias in data collection and statistical analysis. Practitioners and researchers involved in data collection should be thoroughly trained. Incoming data should be monitored from the start resulting in adequate feedback to observers.
A global blockchain-based agro-food value chain to facilitate trade and sustainable blocks of healthy lives and food for all
Authors: Tyagi Kalpana
Published: May 2023

This article presents a holistic and integrated framework for blockchain deployment in global Agro-food ‘supply’ chains and how to transition them to accountable and sustainable global ‘value’ chains. Though many a scholarly contributions have assessed blockchain implementation at various levels in the chain, this research holistically looks at impediments to blockchain implementation at each level in the value chain. The study first establishes interlinkages between the three United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), namely food for all (SDG 2), health for all (SDG 3), and sustainable consumption and production (SDG 12). It assesses the legal framework (namely trade law) and regulatory requirements therein. It then employs a case-study-based approach to assess blockchain deployment from the lens of operations management. These inter-disciplinary insights offer an enabling framework to successfully implement a vertically-integrated blockchain across the entire global Agro-food value chain. An end-to-end blockchain promises accountability, and thereby, enhanced trust in trade by offering a time-stamped ledger of transactions from the farm to the fork, to the end consumer. This systematic study, and its findings therein, are expected to serve as a ready reference guide to managers and policymakers for a truly integrated farm-to-fork blockchain deployment.
Capturing holographic images in extreme light-starved environments
Authors: Shapiro Maura
Published: May 2023

New 3D holography method requires less than one photon per pixel.
Experimental and theoretical study of oxygen vacancy induced La-doped mesoporous TiO2 for enhanced thermal stability
Authors: Singh Kamaljeet , Harish S. , Hayakawa Yasuhiro , Shimomura Masaru
Published: May 2023

We report a facile synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 with a large specific surface area and rich oxygen vacancies using La-doped TiO2 through high-temperature annealing. Such integration of a unique mesoporous structure and oxygen vacancies provides effective carrier transport and increased surface active sites. The effects of lanthanum on mesoporous TiO2 were studied experimentally and theoretical calculations were performed. Thermal treatment was conducted at temperatures ranging from 350 to 900 °C. The x-ray diffraction analyses confirm that the formation of anatase TiO2 remains stable until 650 °C for pure TiO2 and 850 °C for the La doped sample. It was noted that there was a phase transformation from anatase to rutile with an increase in temperature. Morphological analysis confirmed a mesoporous structure with lanthanum covering the surface of the TiO2 mesospheres. Elemental analysis confirms the presence of La in the TiO2 composition and increased oxygen vacancies with increased lanthanum concentration. The density functional theory calculations reveal that the oxygen vacancy heavily alters the electronic structure of TiO2. The distance between the oxygen vacancy and lanthanum was shown to play an important role in altering the bandgap of TiO2. When lanthanum was near the oxygen vacancy, the bandgap was larger than that of all the models. Lanthanum, when away from the vacancy, leads to the lowest bandgap among all the models.
Measurement of azo dye film with large photo-induced birefringence and complex refractive index
Authors: Gao Yiyang , Ho Jacob Y. , Tang Shu-Tuen , Zhang Wanlong , Tseng Man-chun , Vashchenko Olena , Vashchenko Valerii , Yeung Fion , Kwok Hoi-Sing
Published: May 2023

Azo dyes are valuable functional materials due to their sensitive response to and effective modulation of polarized light. It is essential to find out not only the optical anisotropy but also the complex refractive index of azo dye materials for photonics applications. We report here such measurements of highly ordered photoaligned azo dye films. The film has an apparent dichroic ratio of about 60. We model the photoaligned azo dye film systems using the Berreman transfer matrix. By means of regression fitting of the polarization dependent transmittance and reflectance data, we were able to determine the complex refractive indices of the aligned film at the wavelength range of 400–1000 nm. This material is found to have exceptionally large optical birefringence (Δn ∼ 0.75 at 632.5 nm and Δn ∼ 0.48 at 850.6 nm). The aligned azo dye film is valuable to applications such as coatable polarizers and optical modulation devices.
Modeling and simulation of bulk viscoelasticity for amorphous polymers in injection molding
Authors: Osswald Tim A.
Published: May 2023

Bulk viscoelasticity is not well studied and understood in the field of polymer processing. Its behavior in solid mechanics applications, such as time-dependent bulk modulus and time-dependent thermal expansion, was rarely considered but started to receive attention recently. Bulk viscosity (bulk viscoelasticity in fluid mechanics formulation) has been ignored in polymer processing for decades. Bulk viscosity could play an essential role in compressible polymer melts that undergo substantial volume changes caused by variations in temperature and mechanical pressure during fluid motion and solidification. This study investigates the bulk viscosity of an amorphous polymer, polystyrene (PS), through measurements, modeling, and implementation in an injection molding simulation. Simulation results of cavity pressures and shrinkages are validated with experimental data in a three-plate mold case (part size 300 × 100 × 3 mm3). Results demonstrate that the effects of bulk viscosity reduced mechanical pressure variations during the packing stage in injection molding. However, the cavity pressure predicted by GNF (generalized Newtonian fluid) models with bulk viscosity drops too fast during the holding stage. The current GNF model can neither accurately describe isothermal pressurization (bulk creep) experiment data. A three-element-based constitutive model is proposed to describe bulk viscoelasticity in isobaric cooling and isothermal pressurization PVT (pressure-specific volume–temperature) measurements. This proposed model's predictions of cavity pressure, part weight, and shrinkage agree with the experiments and show significant improvement over the GNF model.
Inverse design of multi-band acoustic topology insulator based on deep learning
Authors: Qin Yao , Li Xinxin , He Guangchen , Li Mingxing , Cai Chengxin
Published: May 2023

The reverse design method of acoustic structure based on a deep learning algorithm has been developed as an important means of metamaterial design. In this paper, a multi-band acoustic topological insulator is designed, and the improved competitive search algorithm Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm model is used to predict its potential optimal parameter combination to assist the on-demand design of the working frequency band of the multi-band acoustic topology insulator. Finally, the numerical simulation model is established using the optimized structural parameters, and the topologically protected boundary state is studied, which verifies the effectiveness of the method. The research results provide a reference for the on-demand design of multi-band antennas, sound absorption, sound insulation, and other acoustic communication functional devices.
Anisotropy of nanoindentation in copper single crystals under different orientations
Authors: Yang Maohong , Huang Jiankang , Liu Yulong , Yuan Wen , Wu Guiyi , Zhang Shuyan
Published: May 2023

The anisotropy of nanoindentation in copper single crystals is studied through experiments and simulations. Nanoindentation tests with different orientations were carried out, and the depth was 20nm-500nm. Simulations were carried out using crystal plasticity finite element method. The results show that sample with different orientations present anisotropic with increase of indentation depth. The accumulated plastic strains of the samples with different orientations are different due to the different angle between the loading direct and the normal to the slip surface. The cumulative plastic strain of oriented samples is the smallest, and orientation is the largest. The amount of slip coefficients initiated simultaneously for samples with different orientations is responsible for the differences in nanoindentation properties.
Gate-Tunable Negative Differential Conductance in Hybrid Semiconductor–Superconductor Devices
Authors: Liu Ming-Li , Pan Dong , Le Tian , He Jiang-Bo , Jia Zhong-Mou , Zhu Shang , Yang Guang , Lyu Zhao-Zheng , Liu Guang-Tong , Shen Jie , Zhao Jian-Hua , Lu Li , Qu Fan-Ming
Published: May 2023

Negative differential conductance (NDC) serves as a crucial characteristic that reveals various underlying physics and transport process in hybrid superconducting devices. We report the observation of gate-tunable NDC outside the superconducting energy gap on two types of hybrid semiconductor–superconductor devices, i.e., normal metal–superconducting nanowire–normal metal and normal metal–superconducting nanowire–superconductor devices. Specifically, we study the dependence of the NDCs on back-gate voltage and magnetic field. When the back-gate voltage decreases, these NDCs weaken and evolve into positive differential conductance dips; and meanwhile they move away from the superconducting gap towards high bias voltage, and disappear eventually. In addition, with the increase of magnetic field, the NDCs/dips follow the evolution of the superconducting gap, and disappear when the gap closes. We interpret these observations and reach a good agreement by combining the Blonder–Tinkham–Klapwijk (BTK) model and the critical supercurrent effect in the nanowire, which we call the BTK-supercurrent model. Our results provide an in-depth understanding of the tunneling transport in hybrid semiconductor–superconductor devices.
Influence of electrode apodization weighted structure on the performance of SAW temperature sensors
Authors: Liu Qiang , Yang Wenlong , Li Hongyuan , Xu Hong
Published: May 2023

In order to improve the comprehensive performance of the surface acoustic wave (SAW) temperature sensors and reduce clutter interference, the optimized Chebyshev window function, Blackman window function and Hamming window function are used to carry out the apodization weighting design for interdigital transducer (IDT) and reflective grating respectively. The influence of electrode apodization weighted structure on the performance of SAW temperature sensors is systematically studied through experiments. The results show that the apodization weighted design of IDT and reflective gate can effectively improve the resonance peak intensity and reduce the side lobe interference; the IDT and the reflection grating are designed with apodization weighting at the same time, compared with the single reflection grating weighting, the volatility of the side lobe of the Chebyshev window function and the Hamming window function increases, the volatility of the side lobe of the Blackman window function decreases; after electrode apodization optimization, the resonance frequency, Q value of the SAW sensor and the sensitivity to temperature increases; using a hamming window optimized electrode structure, the peak value of S11 is −36.73 dB and the Q value is 15 030. In order to ensure the signal processing ability and comprehensive performance of the sensor, an optimized Hamming window should be used for the electrode design of the SAW sensors.
In-situ measurement and close-loop control of atomic number density in an optically pumped magnetometer based on light absorption
Authors: Liu Ziao , Lu Jixi , Yan Yeguang , Zhan Di , Wang Weiyi , Li Xiaoyu , Li Jianli
Published: May 2023

For optically pumped atomic magnetometers, the attenuation of the pumping light through the alkali-metal vapor due to light absorption is related to the number density of alkali-metal atoms. In this study, we propose an in-situ measurement and control method of atomic number density based on light absorption in the temperature range of 60 °C–160 °C, which is a much wider temperature range than considered in previous reports. A light absorption-density model is proposed to accurately describe the relationship between the light transmittance and the atomic number density. The influence of static and oscillating magnetic fields on the atomic number density measurement is also analyzed. Based on this model, a close-loop system is constructed to control the atomic number density using an electric heater. The experimental results exhibit that the proposed method can limit the fluctuation of the atomic number density in the range of 1.4%.
Multi-objective adaptive guided differential evaluation blind deconvolution and its application in bearing fault detection
Authors: Qin Limu , Yang Gang , Sun Qi , Lv Kun , Li Hengkui
Published: May 2023

Blind deconvolution (BD) methods applied to bearing fault detection often cause inferior performance due to inaccurate input parameters. Moreover, the optimal parameters of BD vary for different speeds and fault types of bearings, which seriously undermines the applicability of BD in practical industries. In this scenario, this paper proposes a parameter-adaptive BD method (MOBD) based on the multi-objective adaptive guided differential evaluation algorithm (MOAGDE). Firstly, based on the linear discriminant analysis, the quotient of inter-class distance and intra-class distance is used to determine the superiority of common bearing fault characteristic indicators to establish the multi-objective function of MOAGDE. Then, the optimal parameters of BD are searched by MOAGDE improved by dynamic switched crowding method (DSC-MOAGDE). Finally, the bearing is judged whether or what kind of fault has occurred according to the fault type locating index proposed in this paper. The main advantage of MOBD is that only bearing speed and type priories are required to achieve online detection of bearing faults. The results of simulation and experimental signals demonstrate that MOBD significantly outperforms the traditional BD method.
A fractional modeling approach of Buruli ulcer in Possum mammals
Authors: Farhan Muhammad , Shah Zahir , Jan Rashid , Islam Saeed
Published: May 2023

Buruli ulcer is an increasingly common tropical disease that has been even ignored in advanced nations like Australia and Japan. Some mammals, including possums, have shown symptoms of the disease. Fractional derivatives are applied for a better understanding of biological processes and their crossover behavior. Infectious disease can be controlled by predicting the future spread while using Mathematical Models. Recently, various mathematical models based on classical integer-order and non-integer-order models have been proposed to predict the dynamics of infectious disease outbreaks. As a consequence, it is investigated the dynamics of the possum model using non-integer order derivatives in order to gain a better understanding and deeper insight into several biological models. The model’s important properties, such as the positivity of the model solution, equilibrium points, and the invariant property of the proposed model have also been discussed. The next-generation approach is used to compute the basic reproductive number0. Both the stability i.e. the local and global are obtained when0is less or greater than 1. The global stability of the fractional Possum model is achieved using the Lyapunov function in a fractional environment. Furthermore, The existence and uniqueness of the fractional order models are demonstrated. Numerical simulations of the model are done, along with their graphical representations, to examine the effects of arbitrary order derivatives and depict the implications of our theoretical results. It can be seen from the graphical findings that the fractional model provides more clarity and a better understanding.
Numerical simulation study of different scanning paths of Ti-6Al-4V by electron beam additive manufacturing
Authors: Liu Haiyang , Peng Zhiguo , Ning Wei , Ma Binjun , Fang Haijie
Published: May 2023

Titanium and titanium alloys have good comprehensive mechanical and physicochemical properties such as low density, high specific strength, good low-temperature performance, and non-magnetic properties, which have been widely used in aerospace, biomedical and other fields. In that article, numerical simulation of single-layer multi-pass different scanning paths for Ti-6Al-4V process by electron beam additive manufacturing via ANSYS finite element simulation software, and the isometric bi-directional reciprocal scanning method was proposed; the temperature curves with the time of key position points under different scanning paths were obtained, and the temperature change curves under different printing methods, and the deformation of the substrate after the additive manufacturing process were derived. After comparing the temperature accumulation and thermal stress deformation at critical points of the printed layer under three printing paths, the effect of the print path on the temperature change pattern was analyzed. What indicated to us is that the isometric bi-directional reciprocal scanning results have a better printing effect compared with the conventional printing method.
Numerical analysis for jet flow field on cleaning the outer wall of the double-layer injection needle
Authors: Zhang Peiqi , Li Dongmei
Published: May 2023

To avoid cross-contamination between different samples, improve the cleaning effect of the outer wall of the inner needle of the digital PCR detector, and reduce the cost of cleaning solution, the cleaning jet was simulated by FLUENT software using VOF gas-liquid two-phase flow model and PISO algorithm. In a certain range, the inlet velocity, cleaning solution viscosity, interfacial tension, and contact angle are changed to simulate the theoretical cleaning of the outer wall of the injection probe and the selection of various parameters under the best cleaning conditions is determined. The results show that the increase of inlet velocity has no significant effect on the increase of wall static pressure and the decrease of velocity increases; the increase of viscosity will greatly reduce the flow rate; higher interfacial tension requires higher inlet velocity to form a continuous jet; increasing the contact angle will not significantly reduce the static pressure and flow rate, and the residual sample is easier to clean. When the inlet velocity of 200mm /s is selected, the fluorine oil with a viscosity of 0.00124Paꞏs and interfacial tension of 16.2dyn/cm is used and the wall is coated with Teflon, the cleaning effect, and economy are excellent.
Spreading Characteristics of Volatile Liquid Film on the Liquid-solid Substrates
Authors: Yan Huan , Li Lincong , Chen Xue
Published: May 2023

The spreading characteristics of volatile liquid film on the liquid-solid substrate have been experimentally investigated. Unlike the liquid film spreading on the liquid substrate, there exists a dip at the top of the solid substrate, as a result, the spreading behaviors are inhibited. It is found that dip characteristics of R’/ R slightly decrease at the beginning then it keeps constant R’/ R=0.83 until the end. Moreover, the comparison of spreading behaviors on two different substrates is investigated. When the volatile film spreads on the liquid-solid substrate, the maximum radii of the outer and inner rings are smaller, but the process lasts longer. Although the evolutions of radii are different, the variation trend of nondimensional ring width is consistent. We further study the spreading rate; results show there exist three stages due to the relative importance of different forces. Our results provide important missing pieces to the rich mechanisms of the multiple-phase flow driven by the Marangoni effect.