bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges for Ibero-American Psychiatry from a Moral Standpoint
Authors: Lolas Fernando
Published: May 2024

Departing from the notion that psychiatry as a discipline renovates through invention, innovation, and transformation, this paper presents an approach to the syncretic characteristics of Ibero-American psychiatry stressing the essential role of translation in the reception, adoption, and implementation of knowledge and practices developed in other regions of the world. This applies both to scientific and humanistic dimensions of psychiatry, considering that as a praxiology or science of actions deals with embodied persons embedded in cultures that need to be considered in the process of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. This involves translational humanities considering that basic axioms concerning human nature need a reflective equilibrium between beliefs, constructs and real conditions of practice. The innovations put forward by Ibero-American psychiatry, and expressed through modifications in institutions and concepts, can be studied against the background of the moral determinants of health, a comprehensive concept beyond the usual conceptualization of social determinants. The limitations imposed by scarce resources, shortage of trained practitioners, political instability, poverty, and economic dependence are a reminder that the challenges ahead are not only technical but moral as well.
Anthropology, Social Psychiatry, and Mental Health
Authors: Bennegadi Rachid
Published: May 2024

The psychological assistance of a person requires a certain number of competencies: psychiatric competencies to comprehend neuropsychiatric disorders and psychotherapeutic competencies to discern psychological disorders or psychological suffering plus being able to take into account the social determinants. The author describes all the different approaches when it comes to provide ethical answer and help concerning migrants and refugees, focusing on social determinants and cultural references, without the risk of the stigmatization. All scientific approaches are available and it is important to insist on the necessity to train mental professionals to master this complex psychotherapeutic setting and to keep in mind a person centered approach.
Can Microfinance-Based Poverty Alleviation Programs Help Patients with Severe Mental Illness?
Authors: Javed Afzal , Naeem Farooq
Published: May 2024

Background:

While the social security programs offer financial assistance to patients with severe mental illness in high-income countries, no such systems exist in low- and middle-income countries. During recent years, poverty alleviation programs have been found to alleviate poverty in many countries. However, such programs have not been tried in persons with severe mental illness. We report 1-year outcomes of a microfinance program to alleviate poverty in patients with schizophrenia in a low-income country.

Objectives:

The objectives were to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a poverty alleviation program and to study the effect of the program on clinical and financial variables.

Methods:

Twenty-five (25) unemployed, young persons (19–35) with severe mental illness living with the family were recruited into a microfinance-based poverty alleviation program. Feasibility was assessed through recruitment and retention. Psychopathology and functioning were assessed through Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, and Global Assessment of Functioning at baseline and 12 months.

Results:

The program was feasible and acceptable, with excellent recruitment and retention rates. There were statistically significant improvements in PANSS-positive symptoms (P < 0.000), PANSS-negative symptoms (P < 0.000), PANSS-general score (P < 0.000), and functioning (P < 0.001). At 12 months, participants earned an average of $USD 40/month, with an average of $USD 10 spent on medication, $USD 12.5 on loan repayment, and $USD 17.5 contribution to family living.

Conclusions:

Poverty alleviation programs can be used to help younger persons with severe mental illness. However, this study has numerous limitations, and there is a need to conduct definitive trials in this area.
Innovations in Social Psychiatry across the World – India
Authors: Basu Debasish
Published: May 2024

India is a large country with a huge population, high mental illness burden, and a substantive treatment gap, with inadequate infrastructure, human resources, and funding related to mental health care. Given this challenging scenario, innovations utilizing social psychiatric principles have come from the government sector, nongovernmental organizations, and like-minded professional associations. The focus has been on integrating mental health care with primary health care, reducing stigma, early detection, enhancing access to affordable care, continuity of care, and promoting recovery and social integration. Digital technology is being increasingly explored to partly further these goals. Although there have been appreciable improvements, there is a long way to go!
Debate
Authors: Goel Digvijay S. , Dennis Brian , Sarin Alok
Published: May 2024

In this debate the focus is on suicide which is a complex maze, wherein multiple parameters intersect. The first part of the paper questions many basic premises which have been taken as given in the discourse of suicide and currently form the substrate of conversations around suicide. The basic premise is that this societal problem has been expropriated by health professionals. They have assumed ownership without having the wherewithal to address the many contributory factors to suicide – social, economic, cultural, and moral. Suicide prevention plans are ritually rolled out despite a consistent record of repeated failures. There is a need to move against the tide and reimagine the subject in light of macrolevel evidence. The second part posits that for an issue as complex as suicide, it is important to think inclusively rather than looking for simplistic answers in either/or way, and the larger societal, economic and even political issues will need to be factored in.
A Process Narrative of Developing a Mobile App (Saksham) for Patients with Schizophrenia and Related Disorders in Low-Resource Settings
Authors: Sood Mamta , Chawla Nishtha , Shukla Tulika , Patel Rekha , Singh Pushpendra , Mohan Mohapradeep , Singh Swaran P. , Chadda Rakesh Kumar
Published: May 2024

Schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders cause significant disability and burden. Majority of these patients receive minimal psychosocial care. Globally, there has been explosive growth of telecom network with high internet penetration even in low-resource settings like India that has the second largest network in the world. Mobile apps for these patients have been designed in high-income countries. The studies from low and middle-income countries are lacking. Over this background, we aimed to develop a mobile app for patients with schizophrenia and related disorders for a funded project by an interdisciplinary team comprising of mental health professionals and computer science engineers. The plan was to conduct focused group discussions (FGDs) to assess needs and viewpoints of the stakeholders, followed by designing of text-based modules that would be digitally transformed into mobile-based application for use by the intended participants. Six key domains were identified in FGDs for intervention: medication adherence, activities of daily living, promoting physical health, engagement in meaningful work, building of social and support networks, and psychoeducation. We developed a mobile app (Saksham) for both patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers in English and Hindi. The development process was complex and passed through many phases.Sakshamapp was subsequently deployed in the research project. In this paper, we document the process of designing the mobile app with an aim to guide future developers and sensitize them about the inherent complexities in this endeavor.
Challenges in Conducting Mental Health Research during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic and Approaches to Handle Them
Authors: Sood Mamta , Chawla Nishtha , Shukla Tulika , Patel Rekha , Bhogal Jasmine , Chadda Rakesh Kumar
Published: May 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease led to the disruption of many nonessential activities in health care across the globe including various non-COVID-19-related research activities. Various issues need to be addressed while conducting research during the pandemic. It is important to ensure the social and scientific value of research while ensuring to maintain ethical standards of the research. Taking the informed consent is of utmost priority irrespective of the platform of research. Any deviations from the protocol must be informed to the ethics committee. The confidentiality and privacy concerns should also be maintained higher up in the priority. Other concerns include regular audits with the management of the data, managing the workforce while ensuring their safety, handling administrative issues, and addressing researchers' burnout. During the pandemic, the research could either be conducted online or offline with both researchers and participants following covid-related protocol such as wearing mask, maintaining safe social distance, and maintaining hand hygiene. During the pandemic, authors were working on three funded research projects. The pandemic period can be divided into two phases in India: March 2020 to February 2021 and April 2021 to August 2021. During the first phase, our research activities proceeded in three stages. First stage (March 2020–May 2020) was characterized by uncertainty and complete stoppage of work. In second stage (Jun 2020–Sep 2020), work was done in online mode with recalibration of goals. In third stage (October 2020–March 2021), physical working had started with certain restrictions. During the second phase, all stages were shorter.
Bound states in bent soft waveguides
Authors: Exner Pavel , Vugalter Semjon
Published: May 2024

The aim of this paper is to show that a two-dimensional Schrödinger operator with the potential in the form of a ‘ditch’ of a fixed profile can have a geometrically induced discrete spectrum. This occurs if such a potential channel has a single or multiple bends, being straight outside a compact. Moreover, under stronger geometric restrictions, the claim remains true in the presence of a potential bias at one of the channel ‘banks.’
Strategic exit counterfactuals and remedies in Irish retail banking mergers
Authors: Mullan Hugh
Published: May 2024

Strategic exit arises when a business decides to leave a market, but is not necessarily financially failing. As part of the exit strategy, the business may sell its assets, creating a merger situation. A merger which would otherwise look problematic may not give rise to anticompetitive effects if the counterfactual to the merger includes strategic exit. What counts as credible evidence of strategic exit? What happens if the decision to exit is taken after the merger is already in contemplation? Why might a flexible approach to remedies be useful when there is a risk of exit in the event of merger prohibition?
Akta Okręgowego Sądu Ubezpieczeń Społecznych w Bydgoszczy z tymczasową siedzibą w Toruniu z lat 1960-1975 w perspektywie badawczej. Postulat archiwizacji akt
Authors: Ciechanowski Hadrian , Cyrwus Andrzej , Południak Anna
Published: May 2024

The article presents the remaining files of the Regional Court in Bydgoszcz Division of Labour and Social Insurance with the temporary residence in Toruń, operating in the years 1960–1975. The court files are currently stored in the archives of the Regional Court in Toruń and are at risk of destruction due to their classification as non-archival documentation. However, according to the authors, these files have a unique research value because they illustrate multiple aspects of the functioning in the reality of the Polish People’s Republic in the indicated period. For this reason, they can be an excellent source not only for micro-historical research but also for those based on egodocuments. The ultimate goal of the presented text is therefore to prompt the archival authorities to rethink the decision regarding the valuation of the above-mentioned files and to draw attention to the value of individual case files for science.
Termin wypowiedzenia umowy o pracę zawartej z nauczycielem akademickim
Authors: Rutkowska Beata
Published: May 2024

The subject of the article is the termination date of an academic teacher’s employment contract. The Law on Higher Education and Science binds this date to the end of the semester. While the regulation provided for in the pragmatics allows for a precise determination of the end of the summer semester (30 September), it does not provide grounds for an unambiguous determination of the end of the winter semester. This is confirmed by the differing views of the doctrine on the matter and the practice, as well as the first statements of the judicature. The interpretative dispute boils down to whether the end of the winter semester is determined at the university level or has been uniformly defined in the Law on Higher Education and Science. In view of the significant discrepancies in interpretation and the objections raised to the various positions taken in this dispute, it seems justified to call for a clearer regulation of when the end of the winter semester falls, so that the termination date of an academic teacher’s employment contract does not raise any doubts.
Bilim Tarihi Açısından Bir Değerlendirme Örneği: Vermeer’in "Terazi Tutan Kadın" İsimli Tablosu
Authors: Yıldız Seray
Published: May 2024

Bu makalede 17. yüzyılda yaşamış genç ve özgün çalışmalarıyla tanınmış sanatçılardan biri olan Hollandalı ünlü ressam Johannes Vermeer’in (1632-75) “Terazi Tutan Kadın” adlı tablosu üzerinden bilim tarihine ışık tutabilecek enstantaneler üzerinde durulacaktır. Tablo Washington National Gallery of Art müzesi Widener Koleksiyonu içinde yer almaktadır. 1664 yılına ait canvas üzerine resmedilen 42 cm x 38 cm ölçülerinde yağlıboya tablosudur. Bunun yanı sıra Vermeer’in hayatı ve yaşadığı dönem boyunca Avrupa’da resim sanatının geçirdiği değişim ve farklılıklara değinilerek örnek tablo olarak belirlediğimiz resimdeki figür ve nesnelerin farklı açılardan okunabilecek durumları açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır. Zamanın ruhunu yansıtan kıyafetler, ev eşyaları, duvarlardaki mitolojik veya dini figürlerin bulunduğu tablolar başta olmak üzere kadının elindeki “boş terazi”yi dengede tutma çabası ile dikkatleri üzerine çeken bu tablo kişilerin ilgi alanına göre çok katmanlı bir “okuma” aracına dönüşebilmektedir. Bu bakımdan Avrupa’daki 30 Yıl Savaşları sırasında yaşayan bir ressamın evlilikleri, dini tercihi ve tablolarında yer verdiği kadınların durumu bağlamında kurulan örüntü bir dönem hakkında hatırı sayılır bir bilgi ve düşünme kaynağı teşkil etmektedir. Diğer bir husus da bu dönemin sanatın ve sanatçının geçirdiği değişim yılları olması bakımından önemli ipuçları taşımasıdır. Bu itibarla dini, tarihi, sosyal ve sanatsal unsurların yoğrularak sanatçının kendi dünyasındaki yorumu yansıtması bakımından Vermeer’e ait bu tabloyu daha önemli ve özel kılmaktadır.
Creating Sustainable Posthuman Accounting Learning Environments: The Case for Green Accounting in South Africa
Authors: Mahlomaholo Makeresemese R , Mahlomaholo Sechaba MG
Published: May 2024

The study aims to explore the infusion of Environmental Accounting, or Green Accounting or Sustainability Accounting, into Posthuman Accounting Learning Environments (PALE) that promote deep learning. Posthuman Accounting Learning Environments (PALE) refer to the teaching and learning of Accounting that recognises the contributions of both the human and non-human aspects in the processes of acquiring and disseminating Accounting knowledge; seemingly, such knowledge leads to the derivation of the final products such as the financial statements. The latter, in turn, constitute the final product of the Accounting processes, affecting Accounting information used by shareholders, managers, prospective investors, lending institutions, government, employees, regulatory agencies, and researchers, who attempt to make relevant decisions that impact the circular flow of resources in a country. To date, Environmental Accounting is neglected in all these. Thus, PALE’s significant impact on the social, economic, and environmental conditions is not appreciated or taught in our institutions. This paper demonstrates an urgent need to explore ecological knowledge and its contribution to the teaching and learning of Accounting, leading to the conclusion that the sustainability infused Accounting curriculum embodies the totality of all the teaching and learning experiences aimed at understanding, for example, the issues of cybersecurity, diversified Accounting skills, advanced marketing strategies and the knowledge to align Accounting with globalisation processes, which are the subject matter of the PALE, including the sustainability content, principles, pedagogic approaches, implicit and explicit norms, and values inherent in the sustainability learning and teaching process.
Patronage und deutsche Literatur im 18. Jahrhundert
Authors: Ghanbari Nacim
Published: May 2024

Eine in unserer Gegenwart verfemte Beziehung, die im 18. Jahrhundert individuelle Lebensläufe und das literarische Leben wesentlich mitbestimmte Patronage ist eine schriftintensive soziale Praxis. Sie ermöglicht die Aufnahme in soziale Netzwerke und die Entstehung literarischer Öffentlichkeiten. Briefe und Ratgeberliteratur über Briefe, aus freundschaftlicher Bewunderung und Kritik entstandene Texte, an Gönnerinnen und Gönner adressierte Lebensgeschichten erschaffen eine literarische Sphäre, die eigenen Gesetzen folgt. Glanz und Elend der Patronage als Ermöglichungsbedingung literarischen Überlebens sind nirgends schärfer gezeichnet als bei Anna Louisa Karsch und Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz. Hier zeigt sich paradigmatisch, wie sich Patronage auf die Rezeption, Zirkulation und Überlieferung literarischer Texte auswirkt.
Energy Mix for Energy Transition: Role of Renewable Energy in Nigeria
Authors: Johnson Hilili Margaret , Hamisu Pennap Nanfa , Umar Babangida Hassana , Mwakapwa Wilfred
Published: May 2024

Given Nigeria’s commitment to attain net-zero carbon emissions by 2060, this study presents an optimal energy mix for attaining Nigeria’s energy transition goals. The results of the threshold analysis methodology showed that Nigeria’s energy mix has a threshold level of 1.3397 per cent, below which an increase in renewable energy production will result in a significant increase in carbon emissions. Given the current high cost of adopting renewable energy sources, transition fuels such as natural gas and LNG could be utilized. Furthermore, joint efforts between monetary and fiscal authorities are needed to reduce the country’s carbon footprint.
Simulating the Inflationary Effects of Fuel Subsidy Removal in Nigeria: Evidence From a Novel Approach
Authors: Raifu Isiaka Akande , Afolabi Joshua Adeyemi
Published: May 2024

This study simulates the effect of fuel subsidy removal on different categories of inflation in Nigeria using the novel dynamic simulated autoregressive distributed lag framework. Findings revealed heterogeneity in the inflationary effect of an increase in premium motor spirit price across locations, and that the recent fuel subsidy removal in Nigeria will have long-lasting negative inflationary effects.
Estructura financiera de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Sierra Centro Cía. Ltda. al año 2021: un análisis a partir del método perlas
Authors: Barreno Masapanta Eugenia Karina , Reyes Armas Rodrigo Arturo , Moreno Tapia Lucía Margoth
Published: May 2024

El estudio analiza la estructura financiera de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Sierra Centro Cía. Ltda. en 2021. El objetivo principal es evaluar su desempeño financiero utilizando el modelo PERLAS, que abarca Protección, Estructura Financiera, Rendimientos, Liquidez, Activos y Señales de Crecimiento. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, ya que se analizaron los datos financieros según los indicadores según datos históricos del año 2021. Los resultados revelan una gestión adecuada en protección para préstamos incobrables y rendimientos alineados con el mercado. No obstante, la cooperativa enfrenta desafíos en liquidez y calidad de activos debido a la concentración de recursos en créditos. El crecimiento, aunque positivo, no fue uniforme en todas las áreas. Las conclusiones indican que, si bien la cooperativa tiene fortalezas, como la gestión eficiente de inversiones, necesita mejorar en aspectos como diversificación de activos y estructura financiera. Se sugiere la implementación de estrategias para reducir la dependencia en créditos y mejorar la liquidez.
Efectos del microcrédito otorgado por el sector cooperativista financiero y su impacto en el desarrollo social del socio del cantón La Maná
Authors: Chusin Ayala Genesis Yamilex , Chacha Calderón Angelica Irene , Díaz Córdova Pedro Enrique , Moreno Tapia Lucía Margoth
Published: May 2024

El problema radica en la falta de claridad sobre cómo el microcrédito proporcionado por el sector cooperativista financiero y cómo influye en el desarrollo social de los socios. Aunque se identifican dimensiones como accesibilidad, cohesión social y supervivencia, la comprensión específica de cómo estas afectan al desarrollo social es ambigua. Ante lo expuesto, el objetivo del trabajo de investigación consiste en analizar el impacto del microcrédito en el desarrollo social de los socios de los emprendedores del cantón La Maná. La investigación se enfoca en un método cuantitativo, pues se busca describir, explicar, comprobar y predecir los fenómenos causales, con el fin de generar y probar teorías. Por eso, se recolectan datos con instrumentos estandarizados y validados. Como muestra de estudio se tomó en cuenta a 200 emprendimientos pertenecientes al Cantón La Maná, esto poque este sector es el que solicita estos microcréditos para desarrollar sus negocios. Los resultados obtenidos fueron realizados a través del software estadístico Spss, el cual resolvió un análisis factorial, el cual arrojó resultados del KMO y Prueba de Esfericidad de Bartlett, varianza total explicada y componentes en espacio rotado. Finalmente se concluyó que, la dimensión accesibilidad, cohesión social, supervivencia y crecimiento son componentes distintos y relevantes que juntos sumaron un porcentaje acumulado del 77%.
Resiliencia Financiera en Tiempos de Crisis del sector textil ecuatoriano: un estudio de liquidez y rentabilidad entre los años 2016-2022
Authors: Villalba Suárez Carla Solange , Verdezoto Jácome Diana Jacqueline , Oña Sinchiguano Brenda Elizabeth , Reyes Armas Rodrigo Arturo
Published: May 2024

La industria textil en Ecuador es un componente vital de la economía del país. Por ello, ha atravesado diversos desafíos a lo largo de los años. Ante lo expuesto, el objetivo de la investigación consiste definir los niveles de correlación entre la gestión financiera y los factores determinantes de liquidez y rentabilidad de las grandes empresas del sector textil del Ecuador desde el año 2016 al 2022. Para llevar a cabo la actividad se va a tomar los estados financieros de las mismas organizaciones para evaluar la gestión financiera. Para la metodología se utilizará en enfoque cuantitativo ya que permite una evaluación objetiva y numérica de variables financieras como la liquidez y la rentabilidad, que son cuantificables y susceptibles a análisis estadísticos. Se utilizará este enfoque descriptivo, ya que permite recopilar, analizar y representar datos que reflejan las condiciones actuales de liquidez y rentabilidad en el sector textil ofreciendo una imagen clara; la muestra de estudio constó de 16 grandes empresas de la industria textil ecuatoriana Para procesar la información se va a utilizar la herramienta Microsoft Excel para manipular bases de datos numéricos y textos, los cuales permiten analizar la información, generar reportes, tabular, entre otras cosas. Los resultados demostraron ser muy favorables, ya que, se observó una gestión eficaz de la deuda, lo que se refleja en la desviación estándar de las ratios de rentabilidad: 8% para ROE (rendimiento sobre el capital) y 2% para ROA (rendimiento sobre activos).
The Influence of Digital Payment Implementation on Banking Stability in Indonesia (A Study on Conventional Banks in Indonesia Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange)
Authors: Wahyu Taskaro Dwi , Suhari Endang
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the influence of digital payments on the stability of conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Additionally, the research will delve into the role of banking asset quality and liquidity as control variables that may regulate the relationship between digital payments and financial stability. In examining the relationship between digital payments for MSMEs and financial system stability within the conventional banking system listed on the IDX from 2012 to 2022, the research begins by measuring digital payments and banking system stability. Sampling is conducted using purposive sampling, resulting in a collection of 27 conventional banks. The data analysis method for this research includes descriptive analysis, instrument tests, classical assumption tests, t-tests, F-tests, and hypothesis testing using multiple regression analysis. The research findings indicate that ZScore, return on assets, and return on equity have a positive effect on the stability of conventional banks in Indonesia, using Non-Performing Loans and Loan to Deposit Ratio as control variables. Thus, this study supports and strengthens previous research.
Pengaruh Stres Kerja dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Turnover Intention melalui Kepuasan Kerja
Authors: Rahadiyanti Rani Dwi , Prahiawan Wawan
Published: May 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of work stress and work environment on turnover intention by considering job satisfaction as a mediating variable. This study used a quantitative type of research. The population in this study is employees of PT. Donghwa Electric Engineering consists of 183 direct man power and 27 indirect man power with a total population of 210 respondents as of September 2023. The result, that work stress and work environment have a negative but not significant effect on turnover intention at PT. Donghwa Electric Engineering, so the first (H1) and second (H2) hypotheses were rejected. However, work stress and work environment have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, so the third (H3) and fourth (H4) hypotheses are accepted. Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on decreasing the intention to leave work, supporting the fifth hypothesis (H5).
Actividades básicas e instrumentales de la vida diaria en pacientes con demencia tipo Alzheimer.
Authors: Cañas-Lucendo Manuel , Perea-Bartolomé María Victoria , Ladera-Fernández Valentina , Hurtado-González Carlos Alberto , Garcia-Garcia Ricardo
Published: May 2024

La demencia tipo Alzheimer (DTA) produce múltiples alteraciones, tanto en la esfera cognitiva, conductual como en la funcional. Las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (ABVD) están afectadas en pacientes con DTA, en comparación con sujetos sin deterioro cognitivo (SSDC). En esta investigación se analizaron 50 pacientes con DTA que cumplían con los criterios diagnósticos establecidos en el DSM-IV-TR y el NINCDS-ADRDA y 60 SSDC con características sociodemográficas similares. Los resultados muestran que las ABVD más afectadas son las capacidades de comida, lavado, vestido, arreglo, transferencia, deambulación, subir y bajar escaleras y las ABVD menos afectadas fueron la micción y la capacidad de ir al retrete, no encontrándose afectación diferencial en la capacidad de deposición. Estos hallazgos confirman la hipótesis general de que los pacientes con DTA tienen afectación de las ABVD en comparación con los SSDC.
Optimising percutaneous valve-in-valve TAVI with bioprosthetic valve fracture
Authors: Chiam Paul TL , Nair Dinesh , Lim Yean Teng , Sivathasan Cumaraswamy
Published: May 2024

Percutaneous transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become an established therapy for inoperable patients, for high, intermediate and low surgical-risk patients over 65 years old with severe aortic valve stenosis (AS).1,2 Valve-in-valve (ViV) TAVI is an approved indication for patients with degenerated aortic surgical bioprostheses.
Challenges in Geriatric Medicine: Geriatric Services and Education
Authors: Pang W S , Choo P W J
Published: May 2024

Ignatz Nascher first proposed disease and medical care of the aged as a separate specialty and invented the term “geriatrics” in 1909. However, the growth of geriatric medicine and healthcare of the elderly is often attributed to the pioneering work of Majorie Warren who successfully treated and rehabilitated seemingly hopeless elderly patients in the UK in the 1930s.
Aged Care Issues and Services in Australia
Authors: Cameron I D
Published: May 2024

Introduction: This paper examines aged care issues and the provision of aged care services in Australia.

Materials and Methods: A Medline search and review of Australian government publications was undertaken and complemented by a review of local Australian resources.

Results: Australia has seen major development of aged care services over the last 60 years. These services were originally focused on a residential care model, but have since evolved to become a mixed provision of services that are shaped by legislative or regulatory requirements. Geriatric health services are well-developed in some parts of Australia, with a comprehensive regional service that includes hospital-based and community-based components (including an Aged Care Assessment Team).

Conclusion: The rapidly ageing population in Australia is exerting pressure on the aged care system and geriatric health services. A major identified problem with available services is their fragmentation and limited co-ordination.
An Evidence-based Clinical Approach to the Diagnosis of Dementia
Authors: Chong M S , Sahadevan S
Published: May 2024

With the rapidly ageing population in Singapore, dementia prevalence is on the rise. Early diagnosis is important as dementia impacts not only on patients and their families, but also on the community and healthcare system as a whole; with early treatment plans drawn up, the suffering associated with this illness can be more effectively and efficiently managed. In this paper, we present a 4-step, evidence-based assessment strategy for primary care physicians, which cover the essential objectives of the dementia evaluation, incorporating local data where possible. The first step requires the important exclusion of delirium as the cause of forgetfulness or confusion. The second step involves clinically establishing that the patient’s chronic confusional state is due to dementia. The third step looks at the behavioural, functional and social dimensions of dementia. The final step determines the aetiology of dementia with the use of a focused history, physical examination, a predefined battery of haematological tests and, in selected cases, structural neuroimaging.
Assessing Decision-making Capacity in Dementia Patients: A Semi-structured Approach
Authors: Sahadevan S , Chin J J , Yap M N M , Yeoh O E
Published: May 2024

One of the consequences of the rapidly increasing numbers of dementia patients in Singapore will be the need for all clinicians (including non-psychiatrists) to be familiar with the fundamentals of how decision-making capacity should be assessed. The clinical settings when the need for such evaluations arise, often involve cognitively or emotionally impaired patients who are required to make treatment, placement, financial or testamentary decisions. The clinician must first diagnose the patient’s psychopathology and then go onto testing the functional abilities involved in decision-making. These comprise (1) making and expressing a choice, (2) understanding the relevant information, (3) appreciating the relevance of the information to oneself and (4) reasoning with the given information. The eventual judgement of the patient’s decision-making capacity involves the weighing of impairment noted in any of the four decisional abilities against the potential adverse consequences of abiding by the patient’s decision. The ethical impulse underlying this manner of judgement balances the respecting of patient’s autonomy with protecting the patient from harm. Given the relative complexity of the assessment process, there is merit in developing a semi-structured approach to the evaluation of patients’ decision-making capabilities; such an approach can guide a wider group of clinicians and psychologists through the essential steps of the process and thus enable the assessment to be more thorough, as well as fairer, to the patient.
A Palliative Care Approach to End-stage Neurodegenerative Conditions
Authors: Low J A , Pang W S , Chan D K Y , Chye R
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and motor neurone disease, are progressive and incurable conditions that ultimately lead to a state of total functional incapacitation and death. These conditions are “terminal” and, therefore, should be managed with a palliative care approach. This article highlights some of the issues in caring for patients with end-stage neurodegenerative conditions from a palliative perspective.

Methods: This review is based on evidence from pre-existing medical literature on the above subject and the authors’ personal experiences and observations.

Conclusion: Patients with end-stage neurodegenerative conditions have needs similar to that of advanced cancer patients. Therefore, the principles and practice of palliative care should be applied to such patients. This may also mean that palliative care training should be undertaken in nursing homes, where a large number of such patients are located.
Nursing Home Falls: A Local Perspective
Authors: Yap L K P , Au S Y L , Ang Y H , Ee C H
Published: May 2024

Introduction: This study aims to examine the demography of falls, factors that contribute to falls and fall risk factors in residents of a nursing home for the elderly in Singapore.

Materials and Methods: An 18-month follow-up study was carried out on 95 nursing home residents. Information on the subjects’ potential risk factors for falls was obtained through a review of their casenotes and physical examination. At the end of the study period, the casenotes were reviewed for any documented fall, the circumstances surrounding each fall and whether complications resulted from the fall. The likely factors and events associated with each fall were categorised where possible. Logistic regression was performed to determine the risk factors for falls. Subjects who died or were discharged during the study were included in the analysis.

Results: Several subjects (72.6%) were >75 years old, required assistance in activities of daily living (71.6%), cognitively impaired (52.6%), diagnosed with mental illness (49.5%) and non-ambulant (43.2%). A total of 63 falls contributed by 38 (40%) subjects were documented over 18 months, giving an incidence of 0.5 fall per bed year. Thirteen (20.6%) injuries resulted from the falls, of which 3 were fractures. Falls associated with both intrinsic and extrinsic factors were identified in 38.1% of falls. The most common intrinsic factors were gait disorders (31.7%) and confusion/difficult behaviour (31.7%). Contributory extrinsic factors include wheelchair/commode (22.2%) and bathroom-related (15.9%) incidents. Most falls occurred during ambulation (31.7%) and transfers (17.5%). On multivariate logistic regression, the only significant risk factors for falls were “need for ambulatory aids” (odds ratio, 24.4) and “cognitive impairment” (odds ratio, 8.1).

Conclusion: The study confirms that falls are common amongst elderly in a local nursing home. Residents with gait instability and behavioural problems due to underlying dementia or mental illnesses are most at risk. Extrinsic factors, such as bathroom activities and the use of wheelchair/commodes, are contributory. Thus, falls reduction protocols in nursing homes should include behavioural measures, enhanced care practices and environmental modifications to be effective.
Remifentanil in the Management of Laparoscopic Resection of Phaeochromocytoma – Case Reports
Authors: Ip-Yam P C , Ruban P , Cheng C , Ravintharan T
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The laparoscopic adrenalectomy approach to phaeochromocytoma surgery offers the opportunity to use new short-acting drugs to facilitate rapid recovery.
Clinical Picture: We report on 2 cases who underwent laparoscopic resection of phaeochromocytoma. The first was a 40-year-old lady who had been started on phenoxybenzamine 20 mg bd, but developed a recurrence of bronchial asthma after starting atenolol which was subsequently stopped. The second was a 51-year-old lady with neurofibromatosis who was taking phenoxybenzamine 20 mg bd and propanolol 20 mg tds.

Treatment: The intraoperative management was facilitated by the stress suppressive effects of remifentanil infusion combined with nitroprusside as a vasodilator, and desflurane as an anaesthetic.

Outcome: Both patients were extubated at the end of surgery and made uneventful recovery.

Conclusion: Remifentanil possesses several useful properties, which deserve serious consideration in phaeochromocytoma surgery, particularly in the instance where β-blockade is contraindicated. In combination with other titratable short-acting agents, it potentially facilitates rapid recovery especially following the laparoscopic approach to adrenalectomy.
Giant Pericardial Lipoma: Unusual Cause of Intrathoracic Mass
Authors: Vyas S J , Pramesh C S , Sharma S , Deshpande R K
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Pericardial lipomas are rare clinical findings. We describe a case of pericardial/epicardial lipoma seen recently at our hospital.

Clinical Picture: A 68-year-old lady presented with a 1-year history of dull aching upper abdominal pain. A chest X-ray revealed a large mass lesion in the right hemithorax. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest defined the nature of the lesion. CT-guided fine needle aspiration cytology showed mature fat cells.

Treatment: The large lipoma (19 x 10 x 4 cm, 1500 g) was completely excised along with a block of the parietal pericardium; through standard right posterolateral thoracotomy.

Outcome: The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery. She is currently asymptomatic and has no evidence of recurrence at 18 months follow-up.

Conclusion: Lipomas in the thoracic cavity are rare and pericardial lipomas even rarer. These are best identified on imaging studies including a CT scan. Complete surgical excision of the lipoma is the only mode of treatment and adequate surgery the only way to prevent future recurrences.
Perkiraan Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Tingkat Kemiskinan di Indonesia
Authors: Saputra M Ferdy Aprizal , Al Ghifari M Faisal , Tampubolon Meyra Henti , Septyana Nabila Amelia , Fadilla Arif
Published: May 2024

Pandemi COVID-19 yang berlangsung pada tahun 2020 telah membawa dampak besar terhadap sektor ekonomi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini berupaya memperkirakan efek dampak pandemi COVID-19 terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Indonesia pada tahun 2020. Dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) serta menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif, temuan dari penelitian mengindikasikan peningkatan yang signifikan pada tingkat kemiskinan akibat pandemi. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga membahas berbagai kebijakan pemerintah dalam menangani dampak ekonomi pandemi serta menawarkan rekomendasi untuk mitigasi lebih lanjut.
Analisis Media Monitoring terhadap Brand Honda Motor Bulan Februari Tahun 2024
Authors: Adikusumah Zaidan Ilyassa
Published: May 2024

Transportasi sepeda motor di Indonesia telah berkembang cukup pesat, seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk dan urbanisasi. Sepeda motor menjadi salah satu transportasi yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat, sehingga banyak brand motor yang bermunculan. Brand Honda Motor sebagai salah satu brand motor ternama di indonesia telah membuktikan bahwa Honda Motor dapat memberikan solusi atas kebutuhan mobilitas masyarakat. Penghargaan diberikan kepada Honda motor pada tahun 2020, karena telah menjadi merek paling favorit dan direkomendasikan berdasarkan cerminan popularitas dan kepercayaan masyarakat Indonesia. Hal tersebut mendorong perlu adanya upaya untuk melakukan media monitoring guna melacak dan memantau sentimen positif atau negatif, mention, dan reach di online news. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis media monitoring khususnya online news menggunakan Brand24 terhadap merek Honda Motor. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori agenda setting melalui pendekatan paradigma positivisme. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan memanfaatkan data yang dihimpun oleh platform Brand24. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sentimen positif lebih dominan dibandingkan sentimen negatif, selain itu mention dan reach tertinggi terdapat pada minggu ke-4 bertepatan dengan launching produk Honda Stylo 160 dan event IIMS24. Aktivitas tersebut memberikan peran penting dalam meningkatkan sentimen positif, mention, reach, dan pengaruh bagi brand Honda Motor selama Bulan Februari.
Development of Reading Competence of Non-Philological University Students Through Vocational Texts (On the Example of the English Language)
Authors: Soliyev Umidjon
Published: May 2024

This article is devoted to the methodical problem of teaching reading in English classes, and the description of the methodical problem of teaching reading in English classes is widely covered. It has been suggested that teaching the language based on English texts in English classes is a more effective method, but the development of reading competence in vocational English teaching has not been thoroughly studied. The article also presents the scientific research and expected results on the use of English texts in vocationally oriented English teaching.
6754 SAYILI BİLİRKİŞİLİK KANUNU’NA GÖRE BİLİRKİŞİNİN DENETİMİ NETİCESİNDE UYGULANABİLECEK DİSİPLİN YAPTIRIMLARI
Authors: Okur Mustafa
Published: May 2024

6754 Sayılı Bilirkişilik Kanunu ile bilirkişilik müessesesi kurumsal bir yapıya kavuşturularak bilirkişilerin bu kurumsal yapı altında faaliyet göstermelerine yönelik düzenlemeler getirilmiştir. Bu çerçevede bilirkişilik sicil ve listeleri oluşturulmuş, bilirkişilik faaliyetlerinin bilirkişilik mevzuatına uygun, etkili, verimli, kaliteli bir şekilde işleyişinin sağlanması için de bilirkişinin denetim ve disiplinine ilişkin kurallar getirilmiştir. Yeni kurumsal yapılanmada bilirkişilerin denetimine ilişkin görev bilirkişilik bölge kurullarına verilmiş, denetimlerin re-sen veya başvuru üzerine yapılabileceği belirtilmiştir. Bilirkişilik Kanunu’nun “Bilirkişilik sicilinden ve listesinden çıkarılma” başlıklı 13. maddesinde doğrudan adlandırılmasa da disiplin suçu teşkil eden fiil ve davranışlar ile bu disiplin suçlarının işlenmesi halinde bunlara uygulanacak disiplin cezaları belirlenmiştir.
Bilirkişilik mevzuatına göre yapılacak denetimler neticesinde disiplin suçu teşkil eden fiil ve davranışların tespiti halinde, bunların faili olan bilirkişiler hakkında disiplin yaptırımlarının uygulanmasına karar verilecektir. Bilirkişilik mevzuatında “sicil ve listeden çıkarma”, “bir yıla kadar geçici geçici süreyle listeden çıkarma” ve “uyarma” şeklinde üç disiplin yaptırım türü belirlenmiştir. Bilirkişilik sicil ve listelerine kayıtlı olmayan kişiler bakımından da tek bir yaptırım türü olarak “bilirkişilik yapmaktan yasaklanma” yaptırımı öngörülmüştür. Bilirkişilik Kanunu’na göre bilirkişilere uygulanan bu disiplin yaptırımları dışında, bir meslek odasına bağlı olarak veya kamuda memur olarak çalışan bilirkişiler hakkında tabi oldukları mevzuat kapsamında başkaca disiplin yaptırımlarının uygulanmasına da karar verilebilecek-tir.
Health-Promoting Family Approach (1972-2024): A Bibliometric Study
Authors:   Health Polytechnic Ministry of Health Bengkulu, Febryanti Ade , Yulianti Risda ,   Health Polytechnic Ministry of Health Bengkulu, Sari Ayu Pravita ,   Health Polytechnic Ministry of Health Bengkulu
Published: May 2024

Background: The Health Promoting Family Approach involves a comprehensive perspective that extends beyond the conventional medical approach. It recognizes the intricate relationships among family dynamics, social and cultural backgrounds, and health habits. In this approach, families are seen not just as passive participants in health initiatives, but as influential contributors who play a pivotal role in molding health behaviors, mindsets, and ways of life. Material/Method: The research methodology involved descriptive bibliometric analysis using data gathered from international publications sourced from the Scopus database (accessible in www.scopus.com). The analysis was conducted using VOSViewer version 1.6.18 and R-Studio version 4.3.2, facilitating bibliometric analysis. Information regarding the study, focusing on the "health promoting family approach" keyword. Result: The results of bibliometric analysis show that publication trends from 1972 to 2024 have increased. Some of the most frequently used keywords by the authors include: human, female, male, health promotion, public health, family, qualitative research, mental health, and health. The journal BMC Public Health publishes the most articles about the Health Promoting Family Approach, with a total of 49 articles. The highest number of writer collaborations is from the United States. And the paper by Lobstein is the most globally cited document with a total of 3022 citations. Conclusion: Trend in publications on the Health-Promoting Family Approach, particularly concerning mental health, from 1972 to 2024, has shown an increasing trajectory, indicating a growing interest and relevance in this topic. Authors from developed countries such as the USA and the United Kingdom have contributed the most to these publications.
A Study of Platelet Parameters in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Alumni of Bharati Vidyapeeth deemed to be university medical college and hospital, Sangli. Umesh, 16/2, Swapnamandir society, Patwardhan baug,Erandawane,pune-411004, Chaudhari Dr. Ruta , Awalekar Dr. Jayshree ,   Asso. Professor of Department of Medicine,Bharati Vidyapeeth deemed to be university medical college and hospital,Sangli., Joglekar Dr. Akshay ,   Alumni of Bharati Vidyapeeth deemed to be university medical college and hospital, Sangli. Flat no.1,1186,suyog bhavan, shedgewadi,Sadashiv peth,pune-411030
Published: May 2024

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a heterogenous group of disorders characterized by variable degree of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion and excessive hepatic glucose production. Diabetic thrombocytopathy is a condition that affects the platelet function in diabetic individuals. The aim of this research is to study the platelet parameters in type 2 diabetics. Method: In this cross sectional study we studied fasting blood sugar level, post prandial blood sugar, HbA1c and platelet parameters in relation with HbA1c and blood sugar levels in 115 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: Present study shows that there is statistically significant correlation between BSL (Fasting) ,BSL (Post prandial) and HbA1c; BSL (Post Prandial) and Plateletcrit and no statistically significant correlation between the other platelet parameters and HbA1c, fasting blood sugar level and post prandial blood sugar level in type 2 diabetics.