bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nusyūz Dalam Surat An Nisa Ayat 34 (Tinjauan Analisis Keadilan Gender)
Authors: Mardiah Mardiah
Published: March 2022

Konsep Nusyūz dalam Dalam al-Qur’an merupakan tema sentral dalam sebuah rumah tangga yang berawal dari perasaan cinta. Persoalan nusyuz dalam perkawinan merubah keadaan menjadi problem keharmonisan yang berujung kekerasan dalam rumah tangga sehingga perasaan cinta memudar seketika, padahal perkawinan adalah sakral.  Al-Qur’an menyebutkan sebanyak dua kali, yaitu dalam surat An-Nisa’ ayat 34 dan 128, yaitu sebagai berikut. Wanita-wanita yang kamu khawatirkan nusyuznya, maka nasehatilah mereka dan pisahkanlah mereka di tempat tidur mereka, dan pukullah mereka. Kemudian jika mereka menta`atimu, maka janganlah kamu mencari-cari jalan untuk menyusahkannya.Sesungguhnya Allah Maha Tinggi lagi Maha Besar. Q.s. An-Nisa’ ayat 34 Dan jika seorang wanita khawatir akan nusyuz atau sikap tidak acuh dari suaminya, maka tidak mengapa bagi keduanya mengadakan perdamaian yang sebenar-benarnya, dan perdamaian itu lebih baik (bagi mereka)…Q.S. An-Nisa’ ayat 128.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penulis Nusyūz tidak hanya bisa terjadi kepada istri saja, tetapi juga sangat bisa terjadi kepada suami, sebagaimana telah disebutkan dalam QS. An-Nisa‟ ayat 34, dan QS. An-Nisa‟ ayat 128. Bahwa Nusyūz bisa memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap keharmonisan rumah tangga, dan bisa mmberikan dampak negatif terhadap kehidupan social.

Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (UU PKDRT), merupakan ketentuan hukum yang mengatur tentang tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, prosedur penanganan perkara, perlindungan terhadap korban dan sanksi bagi para pelakunya. UU ini dilegislasikan dengan beberapa pertimbangan: pertama, Bahwa setiap warga berhak mendapatkan rasa aman dan bebas dari segala bentuk kekerasan suami. Kedua, Bahwa segala bentuk kekerasan, terutama kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, merupakan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia dan kejahatan terhadap martabat kemanusiaan serta bentuk diskriminasi yang harus dihapuskan. Ketiga, Bahwa korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, yang kebanyakan adalah perempuan, harus mendapatkan perlindungan dari negara dan atau masyarakat agar terhindar dan terbebas dari segala bentuk kekerasan atau ancaman kekerasan, penyiksaan, atau perlakuan yang merendahkan derajat dan martabat kemanusiaan. Keempat, Bahwa dalam kenyataannya kasus kekerasan dalam rumah tangga banyak terjadi, sedangkan system hukum Indonesia belum menjamin akan adanya perlindungan terhadap korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga.

Pengahapusan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga ini dilaksanakan berdasarkan pada penghormatan hak asasi manusia, keadilan dan kesetaraan gender, nondiskriminatif dan perlindungan korban. Sementara tujuannya adalah untuk mencegah segala bentuk kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, melindungi korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, menindak pelaku kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, dan memelihara keutuhan rumah tangga yang harmonis dan sejahtera
Pengenalan Pajak Penghasilan Pasal 21 Untuk Siswa-Siswi SMAN 1 Klari Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Rostiani Yeny , Indaryono Indaryono , Yusuf Arif Maulana
Published: March 2022

Pajak penghasilan Pasal 21 (PPh Pasal 21) merupakan pajak penghasilan sehubungan dengan pekerjaan, jasa dan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh Wajib Pajak orang pribadi dalam negeri secara individual. Pengenalan PPh Pasal 21 untuk siswa-siswi Sekolah Menengah Negeri 1 Klari, di Kabupaten Karawang merupakan salah satu strategi meningkatkan pemahaman para siswa terhadap kewajiban membayar pajak sebagai bukti kepatuhan warga negara dalam membayar pajak. Sebelum melaksanakan kegiatan ini, terlebih dahulu Ketua Program Studi  beserta tim meminta ijin untuk melaksanakan kegiatan ini agar tidak mengganggu  proses pembelajaran siswa-siswi yang sudah terjadwal. Hasil dari kegiatan ini peserta  memahami dan mampu menghitung pajak penghasilan pasal 21, sesuai katagori dan sesuai dengan tarif PTKP yang ditetapkan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pajak (DJP).
THEORETICAL APPROACH TO DIPLOMATIC RHETORIC
Authors: Bayjanova Oqila
Published: March 2022

Speech culture is a branch of linguistics, and later, as a result of further researches, another new term, rhetoric, entered the field of linguistics. The culture of rhetoric is a science that goes hand in hand with the field of public speaking, which is primarily focused on the formation of a person's abilities and talents. While rhetoric is the science that studies the talents of the speaker, the culture of speech is the science that studies the literary language and its norms. Rhetoric is a complex art that requires persistence, patience, skill and experience. Real speech requires great skills and careful preparation. Therefore, representatives of any sphere should not only know the rules of public speaking, but also be able to express their opinions in accordance with them. Within the years of independence, the role of diplomacy, like all other spheres, has become invaluable in our country. Special attention will be paid to diplomacy for the peaceful solution of the interests of the state. We see that the beautiful speeches of diplomats serve the future of the whole nation and the whole society. As in the diplomacy of all countries, the style and form of diplomacy in Uzbekistan is different. Uzbek diplomacy uses all the fruitful means of the world practice. It is held on the basis of bilateral and multilateral meetings of heads of state, as well as meetings of heads of government, foreign ministers, plus conferences, seminars and others.
Based on their job responsibilities, we examined the types of diplomatic speeches including presidential speeches, speeches of diplomats, and representatives of diplomatic missions, speeches during official visits, diplomatic correspondence and diplomatic documents. This article gives a quick overview of who a diplomat is, what a diplomatic speech is, and more.
TEACHING ENGLISH TO MEDICAL STUDENTS: CURRENT TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Buranova Dilafruz
Published: March 2022

The teaching of special subjects in English in non-linguistic universities is currently being widely introduced into the higher educational system. The main requirements for the modern image of today's personnel, the peculiarities of teaching English as well as the essence of the strategy for the acquisition of foreign languages are coming up on the agenda. Accordingly, the issues of the introduction of effective methodologies for achieving quality and respectable results in the organization of activities in this regard, the efficient use of modern teaching methods – all this is very important and leads to huge achievements. The given investigation examines the features of teaching the English language, taking into account the main requirements for modern personnel in the current system of higher education, as well as the essence of the strategy of mastering foreign languages. Along with the issues of implementing the latest methods to achieve quality in this area, effective mechanisms to ensure effectiveness are proposed, and as a result the given complex analysis determines the main meaning of this study. Besides, the influence of motivation on the successful acquisition of English, the impact of the most frequent motivational moments on medical students are analysed. Some effective methods are proposed to create favourable conditions for students to learn the language, achieve effective results, and in addition self-government. The development of topical forms aimed at improving knowledge and skills of English in the training of personnel for the medical field is interpreted as much as possible in the organization of study strategies and effective curricula.
INFLUENCE OF TWO ROUND IMPEDANCE NOISE PROTECTION SCREENS ON THEIR EFFICIENCY
Authors: Zaets V. , Kotenko S.
Published: March 2022

The acoustic field of the traffic flow around the noise barriers located on both sides of the sound source has been investigated. The overwhelming number of publications devoted to the topic of noise protection with noise barriers concerns the assessment of the effectiveness of screens located on one side of the noise source. Investigation of the influence of the second screen on the efficiency of the first one, if it was investigated, then only by experimental research. In this work, a theoretical study of the mutual influence of two impedance screens, between which a linear sound source is located, is carried out. The problem is formulated in such a way that it made it possible to apply the method of partial regions for the analytical solution of the problem of finding the sound field around a linear sound source. In this case, the sound source is limited on both sides by impedance screens of appropriate thickness. By their shape, the screens are part of a circle with arbitrary corners and the same radius.
When solving the problem, an infinite algebraic system of equations is obtained, which is solved by the reduction method. The results of such studies allow assessing the field both between screens and behind screens. This will make it possible to determine
the effect of impedance surfaces simulating partial sound transparency on the acoustic field around such screens. This will allow assessing the effect of soundproofing screens on their effectiveness. Such studies will make it possible to more accurately calculate the sound field levels of traffic flows when using impedance noise barriers. It will also make it possible to reasonably put forward requirements for the minimum oundproofing capacity of the screen structure.
Assessment of Physical Activity Using Pedometers in a Structured Greek Traditional Dance Session in Adults: A Pilot Study
Authors: Pappas Ioannis A. , Katartzi Ermioni S. , Monastiridi Sofia G. , Argiriadou Eirini , Lourenço Carla C. V.
Published: March 2022

The aim of the present study was twofold: a) to test pedometers’ reliability of measuring physical activity level and recording steps, and b) to record the level of physical activity using pedometers in adult participants, in a structured 60-minute Greek traditional dance session. Twenty adult members of a dance club aged 20-55 years old (7 men and 13 women) participated in the study. Pedometers were placed above the right hip of the individuals and recorded steps, distance, time of participation, calories, burnt fat during a structured 60-minute Greek traditional dance session. Steps per minute were, also, calculated. The measurement was performed twice for each individual, with the same dancing protocol, with an interval of one week between measurements. The results for reliability showed that intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was significantly high for all variables, ranged from .91 to .99. Paired sample t-test analysis showed no significant differences between measurements, in all variables (p>.05). Moreover, according to results regarding the level of physical activity during participation in this session, participants recorded an average of 5,231.25 (±468.86) steps and they covered an average of 125.01 (± 7.81) steps per minute, meeting the needs based on the daily recommended number of steps, contributing to health benefits. In conclusion, pedometers were found to be an easy and reliable way of assessing physical activity in an hourly structured Greek traditional dance session. Thus, Greek traditional dance sessions may be planned and structured based on the principles for organizing an exercise session, and following the official physical activity guidelines. As a result, Greek traditional dance can be a means for participants in different age groups not only to obtain recreational benefits, but also, to achieve psychological and physiological health benefits, as well.
Natural Polysaccharides as Immunomodulator for COVID-19; A Review
Authors: Sajad Suhani , Sood Monika , Bhat Anju , Singh Jagmohan , Bandral Julie D , Gupta Neeraj
Published: March 2022

Natural Polysaccharides have been considered to be the most promising materials in recent years because of their numerous advantages including their accessibility, non-toxic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and ease of modification.Natural substanceswith pharmacotherapy potential are currently viewed as a promising future alternative to conventional therapy.With the rapid development of analytical techniquesandbiotechnologies,a large number of methods for identifying and quantifying polysaccharides without causing adverse effects have been created, resulting in the use of natural substances with established safety. Some bioactive polysaccharides obtained from natural sources have received a lot of attention in the field of biochemistry and pharmacology in recent years.Natural polysaccharides have been found in studies to boost innate immunity by activating upstream immune cells, hence regulating adaptive immunological pathways such as T cells and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy, implying that polysaccharides have a promising future in immunotherapy. As there is no targeted therapy available but these natural polysaccharides have been shown to possess complex, important and multifaceted biological activities including antitumor, anticoagulant, antioxidant, antiviral, immunomodulatory and antihyperlipidemic activities. Their properties are mainly due to their structural characteristics and are useful for combating various diseases as well improving immunity. Thus, polysaccharides can be used as an activating agent of immune system, minimising the damage caused by infectious agents such as SARS-CoV-2. Finally, these biopolymers can still be exploited to produce new treatments and vaccines.The present paper summarizes an overview of natural polysaccharides with immune boosting properties.
Evaluation of the Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Endophytic Bacteria Extracts Isolated from Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P. H. Raven (Onagraceae)
Authors: Pierre Ngene Jean , Christian Ngoule Charles , Flora Ladoh-Yemeda Christelle , Jacques Yinyang , Catherine Kidik Pouka , Arnauld Kamguen Essome , Gisèle Etame-Loe , Nicaise Azo’o Jeanne
Published: March 2022

The study aimed at evaluating the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory potential of extracts of endophytic bacteria isolated from Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P. H. Raven (Onagraceae). Isolation of endophytic bacteria was done on supplemented and non-supplemented nutrient agar. The extracts of these endophytes were obtained after fermentation in Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB). The inhibitory effect on the alpha-glucosidase enzyme of the extracts of endophytic bacteria was determined in the presence of starch and sucrose at 6 mg/mL at 37°C and by measuring the absorbance at 517 nm. Nineteen endophytic bacteria were isolated from the leaves, stems, roots, flowers, fruits and twigs of L. octovalvis. The extracts obtained from these endophytic bacteria all showed an alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect. The S4155 extract showed less than 50% enzyme inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 163.98 μg/mL. Endophyte bacteria associated with L. octovalvis provided a source of bioactive compounds that can prevent or reduce the prevalence of diabetes.
Leucocytoclastic Vasculitis Following Coronavirus Vaccine: A Case Report
Authors: Ochi Mohamed Reda El , Bahadi Nisrine , Zaizaa Meryem , Hallab Ihsane , Allaoui Mohamed , Essaoudi Amine , El Ktaibi Abderrahim , Sekkach Youssef , Damiri Amal , chahdi Hafsa , Oukabli Mohamed
Published: March 2022

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is an unprecedented situation. Mass vaccination is a considered a promising solution to combat this global health crisis. Different vaccine have used to control transmission of the disease. Some complications of this vaccine were reported including rare cases of vasculitis. We report a case of leucocytoclastic vasculitis following BNT162b2 corona virus vaccine. Case Presentation: A 42 year old man with no medical history or drug intake presented 3 days after the third dose of BNT162b2 vaccine an infiltrated purpura at the lower extremities, fever, asthenia and myalgia. At physical examination, multiple palpable indurated purpuric papules were present only on the lower extremities. Laboratory tests were normal. The skin biopsy revealed leucocytoclastic vasculitis. The direct immunofluorescence staining detected only fibrinogen deposition. Conclusion: Leucocytoclastic vasculitis is an exceptional vaccine side effect. The resemblance of the vaccine-induced spike proteins with human components is highly likely to produce pathological autoantibodies and vaccine-induced autoimmunity through molecular mimicry.
Authors: Pangamiani Kristina Damayanti
Published: March 2022

PT Perkebunan Nusantara XI or PTPN XI is a former state-owned enterprise (SOE) agribusiness plantation with core business sugar. This company is even the only SOE that seeks a single commodity, namely sugar. The main business activities of PT. Nusantara XI plantation is sugar production. Other areas of business include the production/manufacture of alcohol as well as spiritus from sugar cane drops and the production of burlap sacks from kenaff fibers and plastic sacks. The research method used to perform job analysis is problem analysis by conducting interviews and questionnaires. The positions carried out by the office analysis are the Head of Personnel and HI Affairs. The results obtained are 1) Description of the interview results of the Head of Personnel Affairs and Industrial Relations, 2) Providing employee rights, 3) Processing employee salary data.
ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL AND EARLY ROUTINE LABORATORY FINDINGS WITH SEVERITY OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: Formanchuk Tetiana , Pokidko Mariya , Formanchuk Andrii , Zhmur Andrii , Katsal Vitaliy
Published: March 2022

The aim: To identify the association of clinical and simple laboratory data determined during hospitalization of the patient with severity of acute pancreatitis.
Materials and methods: Clinical and laboratory parameters of 229 patients with acute pancreatitis were analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups depending on the severity of acute pancreatitis: in the group with mild AP were 130 (56.8%) patients and the group, which included moderately severe and severe degree of AP consisted of 99 (43.2%) patients.
Results: The association of the age group of 61-70 years with the severity of acute pancreatitis was revealed (p 0.05). We did not find an association between the causes of acute pancreatitis and its severity. In the group with moderate-severe acute pancreatitis, the frequency of concomitant pathology was significantly higher than in the group with mild acute pancreatitis – 92.9% (92) and 78.5% (102) cases (p<0.05). The association between the severity of acute pancreatitis and the following laboratory parameters: blood sugar, leukocyte levels, the level of stabs, lymphocytes, total protein, serum amylase, urinary diastase, creatinine, ALT, AST, prothrombin index, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was revealed (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The study did not reveal a significant difference between compared groups in the time of hospitalization; found no association between the causes of acute pancreatitis and its severity. Instead, the association between female sex, the presence of concomitant pathology and some routine laboratory findings with the severity of acute pancreatitis was proved.
DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1 IN ADOLESCENTS: IMPACT OF VITAMIN D STATUS
Authors: Biliaieva Ekateryna , Vlasenko Maryna
Published: March 2022

The aim: To evaluate the effect of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency on the compensation of the disease in adolescents with diabetes mellitus type 1.
Materials and methods: 124 patients were examined, among them: 33 from the control group, 91 adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. All patients were between 10-18 years old and were residents of the Podillya region of Ukraine.
Results: According to the results of the study Vitamin D levels in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus are significantly lower, comparing with healthy adolescents of the same age group. Vitamin D levels among boys with type 1 diabetes mellitus were significantly lower comparing to girls of the same group. The boys of the control group had significantly higher levels of vitamin D in the blood comparing to boys with type 1 diabetes mellitus, p <0.001.
Conclusions: The majority of adolescents aged 13-18 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency regardless of the state of glycemic control of the disease.
DYNAMICS OF CHANGES OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVEL IN BLOOD SERUM IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND COURSE OF EXPERIMENTAL PERIODONTITIS AND THEIR CORRECTION BY FLAVONOL
Authors: Demkovych Andrii , Hasiuk Petro , Korobeinikova Yuliia , Shcherba Vitaliy , Korobeinikov Leonid
Published: March 2022

The aim: To study the value of C-reactive protein in the experimental animals blood serum with bacterial-immune periodontitis and its correction with quercetin.
Materials and methods: Modeling of periodontitis was performed by the following method: after thiopental anesthesia (at a dose of 40 mg / kg intramuscularly) rats were fixed. A subcostal injection of 0.01 ml of egg protein with cultures of Streptococcus hemolytic and Staphylococcus aureus at a dose of 4 CFU was performed in the area of periodontal tissues of the lower incisor as an initiating inflammatory factor. To enhance the immune process, a complete Freund’s adjuvant was introduced into the animal’s hind limb at the same time.
Results: Analysis of the results of the study of the content of C-reactive protein in the blood serum of animals with experimental bacteria and immune periodontitis, receiving injections of quercetin, showed a significant decrease by 1.31 times, compared with animals with this simulated pathology on the 14th day of the experiment without the use of flavonol. When comparing this indicator on the 14th day of development of experimental periodontitis with correction, it was found that it remained slightly higher than the indicators of the intact group of rats.
Conclusions: The level of C-reactive protein in the blood serum of experimental animals is an important indicator of the immune-inflammatory response, which increases its activation of the inflammatory system. The administration of flavonoid quercetin for 7 days helps to reduce the level of C-reactive protein in the blood serum of animals with experimental bacterial and immune periodontitis.
TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PREVALENCE IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DIEASES
Authors: Iuzvyshyna Olena V. , Baranova Oksana L. , Savitska Yuliia V. , Shchepina Natalia V. , Oliinyk Iryna V. , Konovalova Nina V. , Khomovskyi Viktor V.
Published: March 2022

The aim: To estimate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence in patients who came for a consultation to the private practice cardiologist.
Materials and methods: 97 patients with cardiovascular diseases (СVD), visited a cardiologist in private medical center, were included (mean age 49,5 (42,8; 58,3) years, 43 (44.3 %) males) and T2DM prevalence was estimated.
Results: 84 (86.6 %) patients had arterial hypertension, 19 patients (19.6 %) had coronary artery disease. Mean body mass index was 29,4 (25,2; 33,4) kg/m2. Waist circumference above recommended was observed in 78.4 %. 30 рatients (30.9 %) were overweight, 44.3 % had abdominal obesity. Almost all patients had atherogenic dyslipidemia. Total T2DM prevalence was 19.6 %, including cases of first-diagnosed diabetes (17.5 %).
Conclusions: T2DM and prediabetes prevalence in our sample of patients with CVD was higer than described for the general population. Рatients with cardiovascular diseases require careful assessment of diabetes risk factors for its timely detection and for possiblу improving the outcomes.
PATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
Authors: Dziubanovskyi Ihor Y. , Prodan Andrii M. , Pidruchna Svitlana R. , Melnyk Natalya A. , Dzhyvak Volodymyr G. , Nikitina Iryna M.
Published: March 2022

The aim: Was to study the state of the nitric oxide system, LPO and antioxidant system in the body of experimental animals in simulated metabolic syndrome. The aim of the study was to study the state of the nitric oxide system, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in the body of experimental animals in simulated MS.
Materials and methods: The study was performed on 20 white male Wistar rats. Male control rats (n = 10) were fed a normal control diet. Male rats of the main group (n = 10) were fed a diet high in fat (over 60 % energy from fats) for 16 weeks, thus modeling the development of MS. The indicators of the prooxidant and antioxidant system, as well as the nitric oxide system were determined by photospectrographic method.
Results: In animals with simulated MS, intensification of lipoperoxidation (statistically significantly higher level of TBA-active products 1.84 times), depletion of antioxidant protection (statistically significantly lower level of superoxide dismutase 2 times), activation of nitric oxide system (statistically significantly higher NO-synthase level 2.15 times) were found compared with intact animals.
Conclusions: In animals with simulated MS, activation of lipid peroxidation processes, depletion of antioxidant protection and increased
ON THE NEED TO IMPROVE THE SYSTEM OF PREVENTION OF ALCOHOL AND DRUG ADDICTION AMONG SERVICEMEN OF THE DEFENSE FORCES
Authors: Palamar Boris I. , Ustinova Lyudmila A. , Kurdil Natalia V. , Ogorodniychuk Irina V.
Published: March 2022

The aim: Analysis of the legal framework for the development of scientifically sound measures for the prevention and detection of drug addiction and substance abuse in the Armed Forces of Ukraine as an important element of the system of medical support for combat readiness of troops.
Materials and methods: The normative documents on carrying out obligatory preventive narcological examinations in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other power ministries and departments are considered.
Conclusions: Today in Ukraine it is necessary to improve the legal framework and strengthen control over the work of military commissariats to study conscripts, collect the necessary information about alcohol and drug addiction of citizens who are called up to the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
Prévoir et prévenir la dérive vers le colmatage d’un biofiltre
Authors: GONZÁLEZ VÁZQUEZ B. , CHOUBERT J.-M. , CANLER J.-P. , PAUL E.
Published: March 2022

La biofiltration est une technologie compacte, efficace pour le traitement des effluents
urbains, et bien implantée en France et dans le monde. Certaines installations sont toutefois régulièrement
touchées par un colmatage irréversible nécessitant des interventions lourdes pour rétablir la capacité de
traitement. Compte tenu de la multiplicité des causes possibles et du caractère dynamique du
fonctionnement des installations, détecter la dérive vers le colmatage irréversible nécessite une très bonne
connaissance des processus, du dimensionnement, de l’historique de fonctionnement et des limites
d’exploitation des installations. Le travail présenté ici propose une méthode systématique d’analyse
multicritère des données de fonctionnement d’une installation de biofiltration en vue de maîtriser les
étapes menant au colmatage sans atteindre le stade irréversible. Il définit les descripteurs à suivre et leur
fréquence de détermination, et présente la méthode de définition de l’état de référence auquel les
conditions de fonctionnement doivent être comparées. Cette méthode est illustrée avec des données
couvrant une période de plus de deux ans de suivi d’une installation réelle. Nous avons montré que
l’analyse de la survenue du colmatage irréversible et la détermination des causes possibles peuvent être
réalisées à partir de l’analyse minutieuse des charges hydrauliques, des charges volumiques en demande
chimique en oxygène (DCO) et en matières en suspension (MES), des concentrations de l’eau à traiter à
l’entrée de la biofiltration et de la fraction biodégradable, de la durée de filtration, ou encore à travers
l’analyse des conditions de fonctionnement du traitement primaire en intégrant l’impact des retours et plus
particulièrement les eaux de lavage des biofiltres. La méthode s’appuie également sur des critères créés
spécifiquement pour confirmer et situer le colmatage irréversible dans le temps, tels que les pertes de
charge et le volume de vide (porosité) au début d’un cycle de filtration (après lavage). La prédiction et la
prévention de la survenue d’un colmatage irréversible par cette méthode permettent l’amélioration des
performances épuratoires, la fiabilité du fonctionnement de la biofiltration et donc la réduction des coûts
d’exploitation et de l’impact environnemental.
Analyse du potentiel de récupération de chaleur des eaux usées
prenant en compte l’impact sur la STEU
Authors: CORDOVA LLANOS V. , HUMBEL X. , BOISSON J. , PICHARD T. , PHILIPPE R. , POMIES M.
Published: March 2022

Les eaux usées véhiculent des quantités élevées d’énergie qui peuvent être récupérées au
moyen d’une pompe à chaleur et d’un échangeur thermique. L’estimation du potentiel de récupération de
chaleur des eaux usées demande de connaître essentiellement leur débit et la quantité de chaleur à
extraire ΔT (°C). Pour cette dernière, la valeur de 4,5 °C est couramment utilisée pour des études de
cartographie énergétique des systèmes d’assainissement, car elle représente la valeur moyenne des
opérations existantes en France. Toutefois cette valeur ne prend pas en compte le potentiel impact sur la
station de traitement des eaux usées (STEU). En effet, récupérer trop de chaleur dans le réseau
d’assainissement peut provoquer une diminution de la température des effluents au niveau de la STEU. Cet
abaissement peut compromettre la qualité des processus biologiques de nitrification et dénitrification.
D’après la littérature, une baisse de 1 °C en entrée de STEU ne représenterait pas de risque de dégradation
des procédés biologiques à condition que la station ne fonctionne pas au maximum de sa capacité et que
la température ne descende pas au-dessous de la température minimale de dimensionnement. En
respectant ces conditions à l’entrée de La Wantzenau, principale STEU de l’Eurométropole de Strasbourg,
les quantités de chaleur à extraire ΔT (°C) dans tout point du réseau ont été estimées. Cela a permis de
calculer un potentiel de récupération qui tient compte de l’impact sur la STEU et de le comparer avec un
potentiel théorique calculé avec une extraction de 4,5 °C. Les résultats montrent que, sur certains points,
l’extraction de 4,5 °C provoque des variations de température supérieures à 1 °C en entrée de STEU et
conduit à des surestimations du potentiel de récupération. La puissance de récupération de chaleur
calculée, en intégrant l’impact prévisionnel sur La Wantzenau, est ainsi plus réduite, mais constitue un réel
intérêt pour identifier des projets de récupération qui semblent plus réalistes.
Investigating the effect of cooling rate on strength of Fused Filament Fabrication parts using differential scanning calorimetry technique
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy  University, Gandhinagar, 382426, India., Achyut Trivedi , Gurrala Pavan Kumar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy  University, Gandhinagar, 382426, India.
Published: March 2022

Desired mechanical properties are major area of interest within the field of Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies. Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is an extrusion-based AM technique. In FFF process, the primary concern of strength is bonding between strands,and it is greatly influenced by the heat transfer during the manufacturing process. The extent of bonding not only influences the strength, but also the structural integrity of the part. To study the bonding between the extruded polymer strands of FFF process, investigation must be done to understand the influence of rate of cooling during FFF process. The present study focuses on investigation of cooling rate effects on FFF-ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) parts over their tensile strength. Since glass transition temperature plays a key role in understanding the history of the thermal behavior, it is hence important to estimate its value for various extrusion temperatures. To understand this, glass transition temperature is estimated through Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) experimentation technique as it records the thermal history of the polymer and hence this test is applied at different cooling rate. Additionally, to support the DSC graphs, tensile testing of FFF made parts is done on the parts manufactured at two extreme extruder temperatures namely 230° C and 250° C. Better bond formation between the strands contributes to higher strength and hence neck growth is estimated by capturing the scanning electron microscope graphs. The higher strength (as obtained for higher neck growth)is due to higher or proper cooling process. The results also show that the parts cooled at higher cooling rate have better bonding in terms of neck growth which proves a good agreement among the cooling rate, strength, and neck growth. The novelty of this work lies in polymer characterization to provide more insights in FFF layer deposition process (effect of different cooling rate on FFF process) using DSC and mechanical testing/analysis.
Oscillatory and Thermo Rheological Studies of Wheat and Chickpea Flour Blended Doughs for Producing Arabic Flat Bread
Authors:   Dept of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering & Petroleum, S. Almusallam Abdulwahab , A. Zafar Tasleem ,   Dept of Food Science  & Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, University, P.O. Box. 5969, 13060-Safat, Kuwait, S. Sidhu Jiwan ,   Dept of Food Science  & Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, University, P.O. Box. 5969, 13060-Safat, Kuwait
Published: March 2022

Doughs made from blends of white wheat flour and wholegrain wheat flour mixed with chickpea flour were studied rheologically and morphologically in an effort to understand the effect of chickpea flour on the rheology of doughs. The doughs were subjected to a variety of rheological tests to understand how chickpea flour substitution affects wheat dough rheological behavior. Strain sweep, frequency sweep and temperature sweep tests were carried out. Strain sweep tests show that chickpea flour dough has a significantly strong nonlinear behavior compared to white wheat flour dough and wholegrain wheat flour dough. Frequency sweep tests show the solid like behavior of the doughs. From the theoretical analysis of strain sweep and frequency sweep experimental results, we conclude that up to 10% substitution of chickpea flour to wheat flour does not alter the doughs rheological behavior. Temperature sweep tests show that the chickpea flour dough follows zero-order gelatinization kinetics, whereas white wheat flour dough and wholegrain wheat flour doughs follow first-order gelatinization kinetics.
A Mathematical programming approach for a vessel scheduling-transportation problem with multiple sources and destinations, and normal daily demand distributions
Authors:   Statistics & Operations Research Department, Kuwait University, Kuwait., Almathkour Fatmah , Al-Yakoob Salem ,   Mathematics Department , Kuwait University, Kuwait., Al-Ghoul Dina ,   Statistics & Operations Research Department, Kuwait University/ Kuwait.
Published: March 2022

The principal focus of this research effort is to investigate a maritime stochastic transportation problem. In this case, crude oil shipments are to be transported from multiple sources to multiple destinations. The demand at the destinations is normally distributed and the violation of certain specified lower and upper daily storage limits can lead to various types of penalties. We aim to utilize (stochastic) mathematical programming approaches to minimize the overall cost of such fleet operation by optimizing the vessel schedules and maintaining acceptable daily storage levels considering the stochastic demand structures. This research effort signifies that the nature of daily demand distributions in the multiple sources-destinations scheduling-inventory scenario significantly impacts the overall fleet schedules and the total expected cost. Therefore, it is crucial to grasp essential stochastic aspects of the daily demands to avoid potential misrepresentation of the operational costs. The robustness of the adopted approach is illustrated by presenting computational results that are based on a wide range of test problems. Moreover, our computational study also examines the impact of variations in demand and the probability of meeting demands on the cost structures.
Damage detecting roller device based on electromechanical impedance technique for debonding detection in glass fiber epoxy composite structures
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Seoul National University of Science & Technology, 232  Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Kim Yi-Seul , S. Na Wongi ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Seoul National University of Science & Technology, 232  Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Published: March 2022

Maintaining structural safety for the public is one of the most utmost importance to avoid catastrophic events involving human casualty. For this reason, vast amount of research is being conducted around the globe to create an efficient system to detect structure damage. In this study, a local damage detection method known as the electromechanical impedance method is improved with the new concept introduced in this study. The idea allows one to detect of composite structures at a reduced cost. Since the electromechanical impedance requires one to permanently attach the piezoelectric (PZT) transducer onto the target structure, a moving device was made which creates temporarily contact with the target structure to investigate the possibility of replacing hundreds of PZT transducers into a single device. The experiment involves using two different glass fiber epoxy composite plates with different thicknesses to evaluate the performance of the roller PZT device. The findings from the experiments show possibility of detecting of composite plate using the proposed idea.
Fuzzy gain Scheduled PID Controller for Power Quality Enhancement in Grid Connected Hybrid Solar PV-PEMFC Energy System
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, PSG Institute of Technology and  Applied Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, Iqbal M Mohamed , Badar Altaf ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology,  Warangal, Telangana, India., C.V Pavithra ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, PSG Institute of Technology and  Applied Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, K Nithiyananthan ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, KSA, Yousuff Mohamed ,   School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore,  Tamil Nadu, India
Published: March 2022

Power quality improvement is inevitable due to the presence of power converters and non-linear loads in grid connected renewable based hybrid energy system (HES). The harmonics introduced by the distributed energy systems may lead to output voltage distortion andequipment failure which may lead to system losses. It may also cause for direct and indirecteconomic impacts. Development of active filter, passive filter and hybrid filter for harmonics mitigation would be an expensive solutions. Therefore, various DC/AC converter switchingschemes are proposed for power quality improvements in grid connected Solar Photovoltaic(PV) and fuel cell based HES. Initially, Solar PV and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel cell (PEMFC) are modeled using MATLAB/Simulink. Further the harmonic behavior withProportional plus Integral (PI), Proportional plus Integral plus Derivative (PID) and Fuzzygain scheduled PID controllers are demonstrated using Pulse Width Modulator (PWM).Converter output voltage waveform, frequency spectrum and total harmonics distortion (THD) values at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) have witnessed that the fuzzy gain scheduled PID controller suppresses the voltage distortions completely. It also yields 4 percentage THD value which satisfies the harmonic level recommended by IEEE 519 standard. Comparative analysis shows that the fuzzy gain scheduled PID control scheme exhibits superior performance than the traditional PI and PID controllers. Therefore, it is identified as an effective control scheme for power quality improvement in hybrid renewable energy system.
Performance and optimization analysis for micro canal using analysis of variance
Authors:   Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University,  Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Hameed Abdul Zubar
Published: March 2022

In this work, an attempt has been made to improve the heat transmit enhancement through winglets in a rectangular canal. The internal surface attachment (wings) are made with the same material as that of the micro canal. The geometric parameters such as wing height, wing thickness, and wing pitch are considered. For optimizing the geometric parameters, L9 orthogonal design of experiments array is used. The 2D geometry analysis of this work for fluid flow and heat transfer is performed using Ansys-FLUENT. The grid dependent investigation test is conducted to ensure the uncertainty within the domain cells. The output response of the numerical simulation is optimized with sound-to-noise (S/N) ratio. Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) test is performed to predict the percentage contribution of each factor. The operational parameter performance of the inlet velocity has been analyzed on the optimized geometry of the micro canal. The optimized values of winglet geometry are 5 mm of height, 7.5 mm of thickness and 15 mm of pitch. ANOVA revealed the contributions of different parameters and their interactions among which 54.01% by winglet thickness and a combined contribution of 27.5% by winglet height + thickness are found to be significant. The results show that the performance of the internal surface attachment improved the heat transfer rate.
Punctural Percutaneous Image-Guided Cryoablation for Pain Relief in Bone Metastases
Authors: Burovik I. A. , Prokhorov G. G. , Bagnenko S. S. , Shevkunov L. N. , Meldo A. A. , Gilfanova R. R. , Levin D. Yu.
Published: March 2022

Percutaneous image-guided cryoablation (PICA) in relieve pain from metastatic bone disease was performed in 24 patients. The cryoprobes were navigated and the ice sphere was monitored using computed tomography. Each patient, depending on the volume of the lesion, underwent from one to four ablations. Pain assessment was performed using a numerical rank scale. A decrease in the pain index after PICA was from 4.1±0.8 points to 1.3±0.5 points. The duration of analgesic affect correlated with local control of the tumor. A later postoperative complication was noted in one case in the form of a bone fracture in the ablation zone. Further study of the effectiveness of this technology is necessary by analyzing larger samples and comparing them with the results of treatment with other methods of local exposure.
The Use of Radiobiological Models for Later Radiation Damages Assessment for the Cervical Cancer Patients
Authors: Lebedenko I. M. , Belova А. А. , Kravets O. A. , Mashentseva N. V.
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To assess the likelihood of late radiation damages after radiotherapy for cervical cancer patients using radiobiological models.Material and methods: The treatment plans of 94 patients at the age from 30 to 39 years (30 %) and from 40 to 49 years (33 %) were analyzed. The patients were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix of 88 people, adenocarcinoma of the cervix — 1 person, mixed types of cancer tissue — 5. The combined radiation therapy course consisted of remote and intracavitary stages. In accordance with the recommendations of the GEC-ESTRO working group on gynecology, the total values of dose loads on organs at risk were found, namely: the bladder, rectum, sigmoid colon in volumes of 0.1; 1; 2, 5 and 10 cm3.Results: The dependences of the accumulated frequency of late radiation injuries, namely cystitis, rectitis and enterocolitis for two modes of irradiation Split and Fraction for the bladder, rectum and sigmoid colon, depending on the radiation dose and the volume of the corresponding organ, were obtained. The dose–effect relationships for the manifestation of cystitis, rectitis and enterocolitis were constructed for both regimes in volumes: 0.1; 1; 2; 5; 10 cm3. The threshold values for the occurrence of radiation damage were estimated for two modes of irradiation for the bladder, rectum and sigmoid colon.Conclusion: There is a decrease in the threshold of complications with an increase in the analyzed volume of irradiation. The threshold values of the probability of radiation injury for the two irradiation modes for the bladder and rectum coincided within ± 5 Gy. In the case of split-split treatment, radiation damage occurs earlier within 5 Gy. No reduction in the likelihood of late radiation injury was found when using this mode. The applied methods of treatment for these two groups of patients are equivalent in terms of the likelihood of late radiation damage and have the right for clinical use.
The Comparison of p16 Protein Expression between Single and Multiple Seborrheic Keratosis
Authors: Sari Indri Widya , Yulia Farida Yahya  , Suroso Adi Nugroho  , Erial Bahar  , Ika Kartika
Published: March 2022

Background. Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a benign epithelial tumor that attacks adults, the elderly, and an increasing number of age-related lesions. Various risk factors influence the pathogenesis of SK, including genetic predisposition and sun exposure. Recently, SK associated with a theory of keratinocytes aging. The aging prevents unlimited and uncontrolled growth of damaged cells, thereby preventing degeneration, but on the other hand, increases the resistance of the cells to apoptosis. From previous studies, the expression of p16 protein increased substantially with age, thus enabling it to be a biomarker of cellular aging at the molecular level. This study was aimed to determine p16 protein expression between single and multiple seborrheic keratoses, the relationship between p16 protein expression in single and multiple SK, and p16 protein expression in the elderly.

Methods. Observational study with a cross-sectional design was used to determine the comparison of p16 protein expression between single and multiple seborrheic keratoses was conducted from December 1, 2021, to January 31, 2022. According to the inclusion criteria, study participants with a total of 42 people were selected through the consecutive sampling method. Physical examinations, dermoscopic and histopathologic were carried out until the results were obtained. Then the data were analyzed using the Fisher Test, Chi-Square, with a 95% confidence interval (p <0.05).

Results. Most SK patients were found in the age range of 60-69 years (38%), male gender (54.8%), sun-related occasional 3-6 hour per day (50%), location of SK in sun-exposed areas (83.3%), the number of multiple lesions (69%), size 1-2 cm (57.1%), disease duration > 3 years (54.8%), and have no comorbid (69%), an acanthotic subtype of SK (40.5%). All single SK patients have a negative-weak expression of p16 protein (38.2%). Multiple SK patients have a moderate-strong expression of p16 protein (100%) and negative-weak expression of p16 protein (61.8%). Based on statistical analysis using Fisher Exact test has a statistically significant to p16 protein expression with number SK lesion (p-value 0,043).

Conclusion. There is a significant correlation between p16 protein expression with single and multiple SK. The study has several limitations. The sample size was small. Other supporting examinations are needed in SK, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR).