bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of cultivated Caucasian whortleberry (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) against fish pathogens
Authors: Terzi Ertugrul , Tahiluddin Albaris B. , Kadak Ali Eslem
Published: September 2023

Bacterial diseases are one of the major factors hampering aquaculture sustainability. Antibiotics are used widely to treat or prevent infectious bacterial diseases in aquaculture. However, because of growing problems of antibiotic resistance caused by the imprudent use of antibiotics, sourcing environmentally benign alternatives, such as herbal/medicinal plants, is now the focus of many researchers. Hence, in this study, a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test with broth microdilution was performed to determine the in vitro antibacterial activity of an aqueous methanolic extract of cultivated Caucasian whortleberry (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) against various fish pathogens, i.e., Yersinia ruckeri, Pseudomonas putida, P. luteola, Aeromonas salmonicida, A. hydrophila, and A. sobria. The results revealed that the MIC values of the aqueous methanolic extract against Y. ruckeri, P. putida, P. luteola, A. salmonicida, and A. hydrophila were 8.75 mg mL−1, while against A. sobria it was 2.19 mg mL−1. This study indicated that the medicinal plant V. arctostaphylos L. can potentially be used against all the fish pathogens tested thanks to its various important bioactive compounds. However, to assess the potential of this plant, further in vivo studies should be carried out.
Integrated cage-pond carp farming for increased aquaculture production
Authors: Kolek Ludmiła , Inglot Michał
Published: September 2023

The study investigated the potential for increasing carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) production in temperate climates without expanding farming area and simultaneously reducing wastewater discharge in intensive fish production using an in-pond cage system. An earthen pond with a stocking density of 209.3 kg per ha−1 and four cages stocked with 8.12 kg m−2 (A1 and A2) and 2.61 kg m−2 (B1 and B2) were monitored. The gross yield from the cages was 27.09 kg m−2 (A1), 24.3 kg m−2 (A2), 10.09 kg m−2 (B1), and 9.73 kg m−2 (B2). The fish in the pond had the highest specific growth rate (SGR) at 0.98%, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was above 3 for all the cages. The cages provided a high enough nutrient load to enable a net fish production of about 450 kg ha−1 in the pond. Ineffective feed utilization affected the production performance in the cages. Thanks to the high yield obtained in the pond, the overall return on the investment was 16%, which rendered production profitable.
Challenging Preservation of the Renal Function in a Case of an Acute Erythroid Leukemia (Fab M6) Known with Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Tudor Cezara
Published: September 2023

Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a subtype of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), comprising less than 5% of AML cases, characterized by erythroblastic proliferation. It’s a rare and aggressive form of acute leukemia whose biology remains poorly described, and there are many controversies around diagnosis influencing prognostic and therapeutic challenges. The average survival time for this type of Leukemia is 3 months. We present a unique case of a patient already known to have Chronic Kidney Disease stage G4, diagnosed with Acute Erythroid Leukemia (Fab M6), confirmed by Flow-Cytometry (infiltration of 93% erythroblasts in the Bone Marrow), who underwent specific chemotherapy (Azacitidine and Venetoclax) for 4 months. Due to severe pancytopenia and the presence of leukemic hiatus, it was challenging to avoid hemodialysis/hemofiltration, overcome metabolic acidosis and hyperuricemia, preserve serum creatinine levels at acceptable levels, and maintain hydroelectrolytic balance. All drug dosages (chemotherapy and supportive treatment) were adapted to the patient’s renal function.
Life History Traits of Gangetic Ailia Ailia coila (Hamilton 1822) in the Tetulia River, Southern Bangladesh
Authors: Saha Newton , Roy Prosun , Utsha Tanmoy Sarkar , Nag Sudipta Kumar , Kaushik Gitartha , Hossain Md. Yeamin
Published: September 2023

The near-threatened Ailia coila, commonly referred to as Gangetic ailia, is a catfish species in the Ailiidae family that is indigenous to Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, and India. This study describes the comprehensive explanation of life-history traits of Ailia coila, including length-frequency distribution (LFD), growth pattern (length-weight relationships, LWRs and length-length relationship, LLR), form factor (a

3.0
), condition factors (allometric, K

A
; Fulton’s, K

F
; relative, K

R
and relative weight, W

R
), size at first sexual maturity (L

m
), optimum catchable length (L

opt
) and natural mortality (M

w
) from the Tetulia River in southern Bangladesh. Additionally, L

α
, a

3.0
, L

m
, M

w
and L

opt
from various water bodies worldwide using the existing literature were calculated in this study. A total of 316 samples were randomly collected occasionally using traditional gear for a year from July 2021 to June 2022. With an accuracy of 0.01 cm and 0.01 g, each fish’s total length (TL), standard length (SL), and body weight (BW) were measured. The group from 10.00 to 10.99 cm TL was numerically leading and the b values of LWRs indicate positive allometric growth. The a

3.0
was 0.005 and K

F
was the best for assessing the well-being of A. coila. Additionally, W

R
indicates that the habitat was imbalanced with higher predators. The calculated L

m
, L

opt
and M

w
were 9.19 (~ 9.2 cm TL), 10.7 cm TL and 1.37 year−1 for A. coila in the Tetulia River, respectively. These insights are vital for future research and recommending suitable management strategies for A. coila in the Tetulia River and neighboring basins.
Ex-Ante Analysis of Macro-Regional Development in the Visegrad Countries, with Special Emphasis on Some Turbulent Periods
Authors: Kocziszky György , Szendi Dóra
Published: September 2023

Subject and purpose of work:

Monitoring the development of a given region and forecasting its potential changes is an evergreen topic in regional economic analysis. The aim of the current work is to analyse the development path of four Central-Eastern-European countries and create short term forecast for their development.

Materials and methods:

The authors discuss and test an autoregressive model for short-run, ex-ante assessment of spatial development using data from four CEE countries (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary).

Results:

The research shows that the initial (1995-2021) development trajectories of the countries were still determined by the shocks of the transition period that started after 1990. The analysis shows that further development is essentially determined by inflationary pressures and changes in fiscal and monetary conditions.

Conclusions:

The analysis shows that after a recovery period of 1.5-2 years, the countries could be back on the path of development from 2024 but starting from a lower level and at a more modest pace.
The Role of Social Cooperatives in Hungary Over the Past Ten Years – From a Regional Labour Market Perspective
Authors: Dániel Zoltán András , Molnár Tamás , Porkoláb Patrícia Fanni
Published: September 2023

Subject and purpose of the work:

The aim of the research is to show how the effectiveness and regional labour market impact of social cooperatives in Hungary has evolved over the past 10 years.

Materials and methods:

The research database is based on a database of domestic enterprises. It includes data on the assets and income of social cooperatives for the past 10 years.

Results:

It analyses the evolution of the number of social cooperatives in space and time, in parallel with a legal and support environment. Focusing on a ten-year time horizon, it has examined the areas where the evolution of the number and activity of social cooperatives has had a greater impact on the labour market situation.

Conclusions:

It has shown that changes in the legal environment have significantly increased the number of social cooperatives. It has shown that, despite the increase in numbers, the cooperatives studied have survived in large numbers. It has shown a positive contribution to employment.
The Revival of Regional Cooperation in Central Asia in the Perspective of Hungary’s Eastern Opening Policy
Authors: Barkanyi Peter , Vasa Laszlo
Published: September 2023

Subject and purpose of the work:

This study explores the specifics of strengthening Central Asian regional cooperation and its potential opportunities according to Hungary’s Eastern Opening Policy.

Materials and methods:

A two-pronged approach was used to conduct this study, which included a comprehensive literature review of relevant academic publications on regional cooperation, as well as an examination of cooperation projects to identify specific characteristics. Results are explicated using descriptive methodology for the analysis.

Results:

Central Asian regional integration differs from the traditional model, emphasising the importance of historical factors and the strengthening of Turkish ethnic identity as a foundation for unification efforts.

Conclusions:

Foreign economic engagement in Central Asia requires a continuous and assertive presence, along with the development of mutual trust due to the region’s unique historical, cultural and geopolitical context. These tendencies and intentions have been recognised by Hungarian foreign strategy - in line with the Eastern Opening Policy - with good sense and at a good pace.
Foliar epidermal and trichome micromorphological diversity among poisonous plants and their taxonomic significance
Authors: Abid Aqsa , Ahmad Mushtaq , Zafar Muhammad , Zafar Sadia , Ramadan Mohamed Fawzy , Althobaiti Ashwaq T. , Sultana Shazia , Kilic Omer , Makhkamov Trobjon , Yuldashev Akramjon , Mamarakhimov Oybek , Khaydarov Khislat , Mammadova Afat O. , Komilov Komiljon , Majeed Salman
Published: September 2023

Scanning microscopic imaging has become a valuable research tool in micromorphology with improved techniques playing an important role in analysing the ultrastructure of leaf specimens. The foliar epidermal anatomy of 25 selected poisonous plants with special emphasis on stomata and trichomes was reported using microscopic techniques, for instance, light micrographs (LMs) and scanning micrographs (SEMs). This study aimed to investigate micromorphologies of studied species that are helpful for the identification of poisonous plants. Plants were collected, pressed, dried, identified and then analysed for microscopic study. For making microscopic slides, 1 or 2 leaves were taken in a test tube and dipped in 30% nitric acid and 70% lactic acid for few minutes, and then placed on petri plates for separating the epidermis. Numerous quantitative and qualitative foliar anatomical features of adaxial and abaxial surfaces, including epidermal cell shapes, stomata size, subsidiary cell size, the pattern of the anticlinal wall, the morphology of the stomatal complex and trichome diversity, were examined. A small number of the considered species had anomocytic and anisocytic stomata; a few species had paracytic stomata, for instance, Ricinus communis, Euphorbia royleana, Buxus pilosula and Sorghum halepense; and only Ipomoea carnea had cyclocytic stomata in the studied taxa. The epidermal cells of the analysed species were irregular, while some exhibited polygonal, wavy, tetragonal and elongated cell morphologies. Overall, this study emphasises the significance of foliar micromorphology analysis as a valuable resource for identifying potentially poisonous plants and demonstrates its contribution to maintaining public welfare, thereby benefitting public health and safety.
Studies of the pollen characteristics and the taxonomic significance of Impatiens from the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau
Authors: He Hai-hao , Ma Ming-lan , Chen Xin-yi , Li Xin-yi , Li Fan , Zhao Qiu-yan , He Xiao-shuai , Tan Yi , Qu Su-ping , Huang Hai-quan , Huang Mei-juan
Published: September 2023

Impatiens is rich in germplasm resources, with more than 260 species in China. A study on the pollen micromorphology of Impatiens by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the pollen characteristics were richly diverse, and there was some correlation among the characteristics. In addition, the micromorphological index can be used for an effective cluster analysis of Impatiens. However, there was high interspecific similarity in some Impatiens, and the classification of Impatiens cannot be accurate to the species using pollen characteristics. Based on the classification conditions of Impatiens, the characteristics of the pollen structure were found to be useful to classify Impatiens into subgenera or smaller groups. The macroscopic characteristics and the number of sepals (NS) were used as references, which enabled the conclusion that there were 11 indices in the pollen micromorphological index, and the taxonomic effect was greater than the NS. In summary, the pollen micromorphology of Impatiens plays an important role in the classification of Impatiens. The purpose of this study was to explore this characteristic of Impatiens, which has some reference significance to supplement the pollen characteristics and palynological classification of Impatiens. The goal for this research was to aid in the interspecific identification and genetic breeding of Impatiens.
Time Scales Based Analysis of the Effects of COVID-19 Related Economic Support on the Stock Markets in Emerging Markets
Authors: Kamişli Melik , Özer Mustafa , Sayilir Özlem , Diallo Patrice Racine
Published: September 2023

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the causal response of the stock market returns to COVID-19 related economic support in 19 emerging countries by using the Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transform (MODWT) and Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test (FTYCT). With the help of MODWT, we identify the instant, short-term, mid-term and long-term reactions of stock market returns and COVID-19 related economic support to each other. Implementing FTYCT, we determine the existence of the causal relationships running from COVID-19 related economic support to stock returns. We obtain two major results. First, the COVID-19 related economic support have significant effects on stock market returns in the short-, medium-, and long-term, except in China. Second, the results of the causality tests vary across countries based on the different time scales. Some emerging markets show an immediate reaction to the Economic Support, while most stock market reactions occur over the medium- and long-term. Since economic support will created unintended effects on stock market returns, the way that these support policies are implemented should be reconsidered. Also, their effectiveness should be evaluated carefully.
Reputation Lasts Longer Than Life: How can Central Banks Quantify their Reputational Risk?
Authors: Kafle Pradip Kumar
Published: September 2023

It takes multiple decades of commitment and credibility to create repute but only a few seconds to tarnish it, as the instances of misinformation, disinformation and malinformation galore. In light of this, Central banks, as delicate and sensitive public institutions, are significantly vulnerable to such reputation risk due to their mandate for policy decisions and implementation. Thus, this study aims to formulate a barometer that quantifies the reputation score of central banks. The Central Bank Reputation (CBR) score is derived based on the respondents’ responses to a questionnaire that includes twelve attributes and twenty-eight indicators, which is administered among the eight set of audiences. The reputation score ranges from −100 to +100, that indicates the reputation of the Central Bank at a point of time. The deviation in reputation score between two points of time thus measures the reputational risk. However, the study suggests applying other qualitative analysis tools in complement with this quantitative barometer, to come up with the robust assessment.
The New Era of Capital Regulation Complexity
Authors: Pfeifer Lukas
Published: September 2023

The paper describes the mechanism of overlapping leverage ratio requirement and macroprudential capital buffers and associated implications for the resilience of the banking sector. It examines to what extent capital buffers can be usable to absorb losses in the case of the Czech banking sector and what impact this may have on the lending capacity of the real economy. The non-usability portion of capital buffers in the Czech banking sector amounts to CZK 27 billion (i.e. 24% of the combined capital buffer). The lending potential of the capital buffer decreases by CZK 630 billion to CZK 1.6 trillion due to overlaps under otherwise equal conditions. The results indicate that the leverage ratio requirement may prevent the capital buffers from being fully effective and can reduce created macroprudential space.
Perichoresis and Projection: A Response to Kilby’s Trinitarian Minimalism
Authors: Gorsuch Gregory S
Published: September 2023

The use of perichoresis by Miroslav Volf (1998) and others spring from significant themes within the Scriptures, most notably from Christ’s prayer that reveals the entire divine-human relationship as filial in nature based on a mutuality of how they relate: ‘I pray . . . that they all may be one, as You, Father, are in Me, and I in You; in order that they may be one in us’ (John 17:21). This predicates mutuality, not in the divine ‘transcendence into the substance of being,’ but on the shared character of relationality, perichoresis, experienced within the immanent Trinity and progressively reflected within human social relations. Karen Kilby concludes otherwise that any consideration of perichoresis outside of expressing the mystery of relations within the immanent Trinity is problematic, ultimately only mirroring human social relations. This essay argues that accurate reflections of perichoresis are increasingly observable within social relations and emerging within various disciplines of thought that then bring greater coherence and meaning to the Scriptures, theology, and the faith community. Using a perichoretic ontology, this essay will provide significant meaning to Matthew 12:32 (otherwise considered meaningless) and other passages. If a perichoretic ontology subsequently transforms our understanding of Christ’s redemptive action in the world and promises to resolve many historically persistent theological anomalies, the notion of perichoresis must rise within the theological project.
Impact of Fungicide Treatment Schemes on the Severity of Leaf Blotches in Winter Wheat
Authors: Švarta Agrita , Bimšteine Gunita , Bankina Biruta , Kaņeps Jānis , Gaile Zinta
Published: September 2023

The common control method of leaf blotches is the application of fungicides; however, the results of trials are inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the fungicide treatment intensity on the severity of leaf blotches and to assess the correlation between the development of diseases and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield in 2018–2021. The development of diseases was evaluated regularly. In this study, the severity of leaf blotches at the medium milk ripening (GS 75–77) was used. Tan spot dominated in 2018, 2019, and 2021, but Septoria tritici blotch dominated in 2020. Fungicides significantly decreased the severity of tan spot and Septoria tritici blotch, but the efficacy of used fungicide treatment schemes differed during trial years – it was more pronounced under higher pressures of leaf blotches. In the year with a high severity of Septoria tritici blotch, the best efficacy was obtained when fungicide was used two times (at GS 32–33 and GS 55–59), but for tan spot – when the dose of fungicide was done in two or three applications. Usage of fungicides increased wheat yield only under high pressure of diseases. A strong significant correlation between the severity of Septoria tritici blotch at GS 75–77 and grain yields was established only in 2020, when the severity of the disease was higher.
Fatty Acid Composition of Different Breed Goat Milk
Authors: Marcinkoniene Liga , Ciprovica Inga
Published: September 2023

The chemical composition of goat milk, especially fatty acid profile is recently renewed due to the role of monosaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in human nutrition. These nutrients are important to analysed in connection with the different breeds receiving the same breeding and feed. The aim of this study was to analyse goat milk fatty acid profile in relation to different breeds.

Specimens for fatty acid analyses were collected from individual animals of breeds like Latvian Native (n=5), Saanen (n=5), and crossbreeds (n=5). Bulk milk samples (n=5) were also taken for milk quality testing and fatty acid range determination. Fat content was analysed according to ISO 1211:2011 and fatty acids were measured with the chromatographic method. Protein, lactose, casein and urea concentration was analysed according to ISO 13366-2:2007 and somatic cell count to ISO 9622/IDF141:2013.

The highest fat concentration was determined in crossbreed milk samples (3.81 g 100 g−1) and the lowest (2.96 g 100 g−1) in the Latvian Native breed goat milk samples. The highest butyric acid (0.12 g 100 g−1) and caproic acid (0.12 g 100 g−1) concentration was established in Saanen goat milk samples. Compared to other breeds, the milk of the Latvian Native breed goats is characterised by a higher capric acid (0.20 g 100 g−1) concentration, while a higher concentration of total unsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids was detected in the samples of crossbreed goat milk. The average fatty acid composition of bulk milk samples was 68% for saturated fatty acids, 23% for monosaturated fatty acids and 4.3% for polyunsaturated fatty acids. In analysed goat milk samples, fatty acids showed the characteristic fatty acid profile of goat milk.
Orthostatic hypotension as an unusual presentation of spinal calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease: case report and review of literature
Authors: De Azevedo Sofia Moura , Pichel Rita Carrilho , Freitas Egídio , Campar Ana , Marinho António , Mendonça Teresa
Published: September 2023

Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD), also known as pseudogout, with spinal involvement, is associated with clinical manifestations of acute nerve compression or chronic spinal stenosis. Precipitation of crystals of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate in connective tissues can lead to acute inflammatory arthritis, degenerative chronic arthropathies, and radiographic evidence of cartilage calcification.

We present a case of an 87-year-old woman, with unstudied chronic polyarthralgia and symptomatic orthostatic hypotension. It were documented acute calcium pyrophosphate deposition wrist arthritis, and cervical CT and MRI was suggestive of spinal involvement of CPPD. Workup excluded other causes of OH. Surgical approach could be indicated to minimize the symptoms, but it was contra-indicated due to the patient's performance status, so histological diagnosis was not possible. Muscle atrophy played an important part in the rapid progression of this insidious chronic disease. Conservative and symptomatic treatment achieve scarce short-term clinical improvement.

Spinal involvement of CPPD was thought to be rare but recent studies show a higher prevalence than expected. We call for attention to the extent of structural changes that may occur when not early diagnosed nor treated. High clinical suspicion is required and this is, to our knowledge, the first report of orthostatic hypotension as a presentation of CPPD.
Panggung Politik Bali Kuno Pada Masa Pemerintahan Sri Maharaja Jayapangus
Authors: Srijaya I Wayan , Dedy Prawirajaya R. Kadek
Published: September 2023

Inscriptions are a cultural heritage found in Java, Bali and Sumatra. They were written using stone, metal, clay and palm leaves. Judging from the language and letters used, there are inscriptions written in Old Balinese letters and languages, Old Javanese letters and languages, Old Malay letters and languages and a mixture of Pre-Negari and Sanskrit letters. This research aims to explain the political history during the reign of King Sri Maharaja Haji Jayapangus in Bali during the XII century. The data sources in this research are ancient Balinese inscriptions issued by King Jayapangus during his reign, in the XII century. The data were collected using interview and literature study methods and analysed using a descriptive analitical method. The results show that the inscriptions generally contain aspects of Balinese society and important past events. The reason for selecting the inscriptions issued during the reign of King Jayapangus is because the king is known to be very active in documenting various events in the form of inscriptions. According to records, no less than 44 inscriptions were issued by the king. One of the aspects mentioned in his inscriptions is the socio-political life. This aspect is important for further study, because it concerns the continuity of the government system that took place at that period.
The English Register in Social Media Instagram
Authors: Maharani Sang Ayu Isnu , Tri Ediwan Tri Ediwan
Published: September 2023

This research entitled "English Register in Instagram Social Media". This research is conducted with the aim at identifying and mapping the use of English registers in social media Instagram and specifically is to find out the function of the usage of those registers. This research is a-qualitative descriptive research. The method applied for this research is observation method with note-taking and screen shot technique. To answer the formulated problems, this research applied register theory from Halliday (1994).
Perkembangan Kepribadian Karakter Daiba Nana dalam Serial Animasi Shoujo? Kageki Revue Starlight: Tinjauan Psikoanalisis
Authors: Sutanto Marisa Rianti , Ridha Muhammad Rasyid
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memahami perkembangan kepribadian Daiba Nana dalam anime Shoujo?Kageki Revue Starlight. Penulis menggunakan metode psikologi sastra dengan acuan teori psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud. Sumber data berasal dari dialog, monolog dan perilaku yang mencerminkan keadaan psikologis Daiba Nana dengan acuan teori dinamika kepribadian dan mekanisme pertahanan ego. Dinamika kepribadian memuat insting dan distribusi energi psikis. Insting dapat terlihat dari cara objek penelitian berperilaku dan dari cara berbicaranya, dan dapat dibagi menjadi insting hidup dengan insting kematian. Distribusi energi psikis berpengaruh atas tindakan yang dilakukan oleh objek penelitian bersumber dari id, ego, atau superego, dan dicerminkan oleh insting yang mendorong perilakunya. Dorongan dari distribusi energi psikis dan insting dapat menimbulkan konflik dalam diri dan menciptakan kecemasan, yang kemudian akan direspon oleh mekanisme pertahanan ego untuk menenangkan kecemasan tersebut. Dalam sejumlah kejadian dalam cerita, memperlihatkan ketidakmampuan objek penelitian dalam menanggapi tegangan yang berasal dari masalah-masalah atau konflik yang dihadapinya, sehingga memutuskan untuk menghindari konflik dan membuat kepribadiannya tidak berkembang karena terus berada dalam keadaan yang selalu sama.
Kajian Psikolinguistik dalam Penguasaan Kosa Kata Bahasa Jepang Mahasiswa Program Studi Sastra Jepang Universitas Udayana
Authors: Lestari Ni Putu Candra , Damayanti Silvia , Andry Anita Dewi Ni Made
Published: September 2023

Psycholinguistics is related to three things, namely language comprehension, language production, and language acquisition. One of the goals of language acquisition studies is to facilitate the process of language acquisition, including foreign languages, for example Japanese. The dimension of acquiring Japanese is closely related to learning Japanese and mastering it. One of the basic things in mastering Japanese is vocabulary mastery. Vocabulary mastery reflects mastery of reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. This study describes an evaluation of students' Japanese vocabulary mastery, as well as the potential for mastery associated with the six dimensions of language acquisition by Klein (1986).

The main subjects of this research are all active students of the Japanese study program at Udayana University starting from the 2018 to 2021 class, totaling 258 people. Data were collected by the test method, where students worked on questions about knowledge of Japanese vocabulary which included competency components according to international standards of Japanese language skills, namely on the fulfillment of eight indicators of vocabulary knowledge tested, namely: reading Kanji; write Kanji characters; determine vocabulary according to context; determine synonyms; use words in sentences; determine the correct form of the word; compose sentences; and determine connecting words in a discourse.

 Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The research resulted in an evaluation that the level of students' Japanese language proficiency was 54%. It is necessary to hold reading and writing exercises as a follow-up step. Regarding the potential for students' mastery of Japanese, the propensity and access factors are very important to improve.
The energy crisis in the EU: measures to tackle and their effectiveness
Authors: Rybachik U. O.
Published: September 2023

The onset of the 2022 energy crisis, the impact of which is felt by the whole world, and especially Europe, has radically changed the existing mechanisms of the European Union energy policy. It is therefore necessary to assess energy policy’s new directions and implementation measures. After providing a summary of the key reasons for the energy crisis in Europe, the article assessed the new measures and mechanisms, as well as the reasons for their adoption by the European Commission. The article revealed the influence of the actions taken on the state of the energy sector of the European Union, as well as their role in the emergence of disagreements between Brussels and EU member states. Ultimately, it was concluded that the European Union’s response to the energy crisis is insufficient. While there are prerequisites for a continuation of the crisis in 2023, the European Union is primarily pursuing geopolitical goals without addressing the underlying causes of price increases. There is the prospect of increasing pressure on the Commission to intervene more in the electricity market and more effectively support business and households.
The Energy Potential of the Black Sea Region: the Problems and Prospects
Authors: Vysotsky P. A.
Published: September 2023

The Black Sea shelf contains significant hydrocarbon resources. Over the past decades the Black Sea countries, supported by Western oil and gas companies, have been developing various plans for the extraction and export of hydrocarbon resources to fore In solving this task, they faced a number of challenges due to the difficult production conditions. In addition, the Black Sea region was not in the focus of attention of oil and gas companies, which produced resources in other regions of the world. Nevertheless, the Black Sea countries have developed national programs for the production of hydrocarbons on the Black Sea shelf and are considering various options for their export to foreign markets.
Prevalence of neurological diseases among patients with selective IgA deficiency
Authors: Magen Eli , Geishin Akim , Merzon Eugene , Green Ilan , Golan-Cohen Avivit , Vinker Shlomo , Israel Ariel
Published: September 2023

Background: There are no published epidemiologic studies with regard to the prevalence of neurologic diseases among subjects with selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency (sIgAD). Objective: To investigate the prevalence of neurologic diseases among
the Israeli population with sIgAD. Methods: A population-based case-control study among members of a large nationwide health maintenance organization in Israel providing services to > 700,000 members. The sIgAD group included individuals ≥4 years of age with a serum
IgA level of <0.07 g/L and with a diagnosis of sIgAD. The control group was randomly sampled from the entire study population with a case-control ratio of five controls for each case (1:5), with exact matching for age, gender, ethnic group, and socioeconomic status category. Results:
A total of 796 subjects ages 20.58 ± 15.46 years; 391 female subjects (49.1%) were identified as having sIgAD. The control group was constituted of 3980 matched subjects. The sIgAD group was characterized by a higher prevalence of autism spectrum disorder and tic disorders. Migraine
was less prevalent in the sIgAD group (19 [2.39%]) than in the control group (168 [4.22%]), odds ratio (OR) 0.55 (95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.34‐0.90); p = 0.016]. More cases of subjects with epilepsy were observed in the sIgAD group (14 [1.76%]) than in the control
group (31 [0.80%]), OR 2.28 (95% CI, 1.12 ‐ 4.44; p = 0.015). Conclusion: Our observation raises the question of the role of IgA in noninfectious diseases of the central nervous system. Further basic studies are needed to explain our observation.
Association of serotonin reuptake inhibitors with asthma control
Authors: Gajewski Alexander J. , Palka Jayme M. , Raitt Josh M. , Agarwal Catherine D. , Khan David A. , Kao Cindy H. , Brown E. Sherwood
Published: September 2023

Background: Clinical trials demonstrated that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) can improve asthma control in patients with comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD) and that this effect may be greater than the effect of SSRIs on depression. These findings suggest
that SSRIs may improve asthma control in patients without MDD. Objective: The current retrospective study examined the effect of SSRIs and serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) on asthma control in adult patients. We hypothesized that patients would have
fewer asthma exacerbations after treatment with an SSRI or SNRI. Methods: Electronic health record data of adult patients (N = 592) who were seen at a University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) hospital or clinic and had (1) an SSRI or SNRI prescription, (2) a previous asthma
diagnosis, and (3) no mood disorder diagnosis were extracted by using the UTSW Clinical Data Exchange Network. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to compare oral corticosteroid prescriptions and asthma-related emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations in the 12 months before
and after the start of an SSRI/SNRI. Results: Therapy with SSRIs/SNRIs was associated with a significant decrease in oral corticosteroid use (p = 0.003), ED visits (p = 0.002), and hospitalizations (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Results from the current
study add to the existing literature by demonstrating a reduced rate of severe exacerbations in patients with asthma by using an SSRI/SNRI without limiting the analytic sample to a high-illness-severity subgroup defined by symptoms of asthma or depression. Future work should include a prospective,
placebo controlled study with individuals who have asthma and no comorbid mental health condition, verified by a mental health professional.
New insights in the optimal diagnosis and management of food allergy
Authors: Nsouli Talal M.
Published: September 2023

Background: In recent years, food allergy has become a rising global epidemic, more so in Western countries. Although genetics may play a role in this increase, there are many other factors that have contributed to the upsurge. Recent research has shown that introducing allergenic
foods to infants at an early age can reduce the risk of developing allergies to those foods. This is a substantial departure from traditional advice, which had recommended delaying the introduction of potential allergenic foods until a child was at least 1 year old and, in some cases, until
the child was much older. Objective: The purpose of the present report is to review the epidemiology, mechanisms, and new prevention strategies for food allergies, and to discuss new treatment modalities associated with immune tolerance, which include the use of biologics
as well as new forms of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) such as oral immunotherapy (OIT), sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), and epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT), which have particular relevance for the allergist/immunologist. Results: Innovative developments in the treatment
of food allergies have emerged through improved comprehension of immune tolerance and the induction of regulatory T (Treg) cells, the understanding of T-helper type 2 (Th2) cell-driven responses and their associated proinflammatory cytokine production, epitope mapping techniques, and the utilization
of drugs such as monoclonal antibodies that target interleukin (IL) 4, IL-5, and IL-13 to disrupt Th2 cell‐related pathways. In addition, there have been significant advancements in new forms AIT methods, which include OIT, SLIT, and EPIT. Conclusion: The present
report reviews several of the many aspects of food allergy that have been impacted by this new knowledge and which have led to new insights for the optimal diagnosis and management of food allergy, and has had important implications for the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and management
of these conditions. The improved understanding of Treg-related mechanisms of immune tolerance and Th2 cell‐driven responses associated with the production of proinflammatory cytokines associated with these responses, together with epitope mapping techniques, have played a crucial role
in enhancing the diagnosis and management of food allergies. By identifying these variables, the allergist/immunologist is better equipped to tailor new diagnostic approaches and develop targeted therapies to significantly impact the lives of individuals affected by food allergies.
Pearls and pitfalls in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES)
Authors: Hartono Stella , Zidan Elena , Sitaula Prasiksha , Brooks Joel P.
Published: September 2023

Background: Food protein‐induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a rare, non‐immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated gastrointestinal food hypersensitivity. It is a clinical diagnosis commonly characterized by profuse vomiting 1 to 4 hours after ingestion of the triggering
food(s). Objective: The objective was to increase awareness of FPIES and review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of FPIES. The lack of availability of a definite biomarker or diagnostic tool often leads to a delay in diagnosis.
Methods: A literature search of salient articles that described case reports and case series of FPIES and their management were analyzed. Results: A case of FPIES with a literature review is presented with emphasis on clinical pearls and pitfalls. FPIES
is a diagnosis of exclusion and the mainstay of treatment is avoidance of the trigger food(s) for at least 12‐18 months from the last exposure. Conclusion: As FPIES is a non-IgE-mediated reaction, allergy testing via skin-prick test or blood tests to measure food
IgE antibodies is not routinely recommended. Many children outgrow FPIES by 3‐4 years of age. Supervised oral food challenge is recommended to assess acquisition of tolerance.
Symptom flares after COVID-19 infection versus vaccination among youth with PANS/PANDAS
Authors: LaRusso Maria D. , Abadia Cesar E.
Published: September 2023

Background: Flares of autoimmune conditions can happen after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and after COVID-19 vaccines. Patients and clinicians confront difficult decisions about vaccine safety when considering efforts to balance the risks of disease exacerbation
after vaccines versus the protection that vaccines offer to potential serious life-threatening complications of COVID-19 infection. Objective: To examine symptom flares after COVID-19 infection and vaccines in the case of a form of autoimmune encephalitis that primarily
affects children and young adults (pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome [PANS] / pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections [PANDAS]). Method: A cross-sectional study that used a survey distributed through PANS/PANDAS
groups, organizations, and clinics. Results: Surveys were completed by 496 parents and/or caregivers of children with PANS/PANDAS. Among the children reported to have had a COVID-19 infection (n = 178), 43% reported severe flares of PANS/PANDAS symptoms, 23% reported mild
flares, and 30% reported no symptom flares. Among those who had received COVID-19 vaccines (n = 181), 65% observed no changes in PANS/PANDAS symptoms after the vaccine, 19% reported mild flares, and 15% reported severe flares. Paired sample t-tests showed that, after COVID-19 infections, children
with PANS/PANDAS were significantly more likely to experience a severe symptom flare than a mild flare or no change in symptoms. In contrast, after receiving COVID-19 vaccines, children were significantly more likely to experience no change in PANS/PANDAS symptoms than to endure a mild or
severe symptom flare. In addition, children who recovered from PANS/PANDAS were significantly more likely to have no symptom change versus children who were managing the condition, both after COVID-19 infection (92% versus 25%) and vaccine receipt (100% versus 66%). Conclusion:
These results support COVID-19 vaccination for most individuals with PANS/PANDAS given that the frequencies of symptom flares and setbacks after COVID-19 infection were significantly higher than after the COVID-19 vaccine. Nonetheless, further studies are needed to fully assess the risk-benefit
balance and to provide a more individualized approach to disease prevention in people with immune vulnerabilities.
Comparative study between biological and chemical agents for control sheath blight disease of rice
Authors: Monsur Mohammad Abul , Biñas Sharmaine C. , Herath Shashika Neranjan , Ambita Israel Dave V. , Tasnim Zarin , Pangga Ireneo B. , Cumagun Christian Joseph R.
Published: September 2023

Biological control measures are indispensable to sustain global food security, due to it being economically profitable and environmentally sound. A comparative study was conducted to know the effectiveness of biological control measures compared with contact fungicide. Trichoderma spp. based bio fungicides Bioquick and Biospark were applied as preventive measures and contact fungicide as a curative measure for controlling sheath blight disease in rice varieties BR 71 and IR 24. Biospark and Bioquick were applied before disease development while, contact fungicide was used after the initiation of sheath blight disease. At the early stage of disease development, the effect of Bioquick, Biospark, and fungicide in terms of reducing percent relative lesion height and percent tiller infection are comparable. At 14 DAI and 18 DAI, contact fungicide performed best among the three control measures based on the two parameters. The genotypes of the rice accessions used in the study also appeared to be a factor in disease development, as evidenced by higher horizontal and vertical disease severity in BR71 than in IR24. Between comparison of Bioquick and Biospark in terms of reducing percent relative lesion height, percent tiller infection, and percent disease control, appeared to be higher in Biospark in both varieties. From this study, we can conclude that farmers can use Biospark as a biofungicide to get maximum benefit considering rice yield and ecology. However, its efficacy is slightly lower than chemical fungicides for controlling sheath blight disease of rice.
Pick a Movie
Authors: Rodríguez-Lázaro Alma Luz , Arias-Trejo Natalia
Published: September 2023

Foreign language learners without an immersion experience are advised to partake in activities that enhance their language learning outside the classroom. The objectives of this study were to explore which forms of language practice English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners engage in outside the classroom and whether this practice increases proficiency. The results showed that the most frequent forms of practice were academic activities (e.g., reading academic textbooks) and recreational activities (e.g., watching movies). In this study, EFL proficiency in participants correlated positively with age. Those with higher proficiency listened to English more frequently by watching movies in their free time than those with lower proficiency. We conclude that exposure to audiovisual material, such as movies, is an effective way to reinforce language learning outside the EFL classroom. Older learners with high English language proficiency reported practicing English more frequently in their free time, so watching movies may constitute an effective means of increasing L2 exposure outside the classroom.
enseñanza de inglés y portugués como lenguas extranjeras y los errores del estudiantado
Authors: Camargo Angelucci Thalita
Published: September 2023

El debate sobre la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras se ha revitalizado en el contexto de avance de las migraciones. Además, el error y su corrección se fusionan como un gran desafío en los procesos de enseñanza. En este marco, el objetivo de la investigación que subsidia este trabajo fue analizar el discurso de profesores de portugués e inglés como lenguas extranjeras sobre el tratamiento del error del estudiantado en Argentina a partir de un método mixto, cuyos datos fueron construidos a partir de encuestas y entrevistas. Este artículo se centra en estas últimas. Se presenta el análisis de dieciséis secuencias discursivas derivadas de cuatro entrevistas. Los datos indican diferentes tendencias: para el caso del inglés, se observa mayor rigidez en el tratamiento de los errores, mientras que para el portugués, mayor flexibilidad. Se concluye que estas diferencias se relacionan explicativamente con representaciones sociolingüísticas del inglés como lengua del trabajo y del portugués como lengua del placer.
L´altérité en soi-même. Pour une didactique relationnelle et interculturelle français langue étrangère
Authors: Villada Castro Carolina
Published: September 2023

Résumé : Cet article de réfléxion met en lumière la pertinence d´une didactique relationnelle dans le processus d´enseignement-apprentissage du Français Langue Étrangère pour sensibiliser les apprenants à la découverte de l´altérité en eux-mêmes et du caracter interculturel de leur culture. Compte tenu d´ une analyse des concepts d´interculturalité, de didactique relationnelle et d´altérité, nous problématisons des notions telles que l´ethnocentrisme, le monolinguisme et le mononormativisme. Ce qui nous permettra d´arriver à la resignification de la langue comme une expérience de l´altérité en soi-même et du processus d´enseignement-apprentissage comme la mise en place d´une relation avec autrui. Pour y arriver, la méthodologie suivie consiste à une révision documentaire élargie à partir de mes réflexions en tant qu´enseignante. Finalement, nous proposons des outils conceptuels et didactiques pour concevoir des séquences pédagogiques qui invitent les apprenants à la découverte de l´altérite et de l´interculturalité.