bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of the Existence of Congregational HIV Programs: Similarities and Differences Compared with other Health Programs
Authors: Williams Malcolm V. , Haas Ann , Griffin Beth Ann , Fulton Brad R. , Kanouse David E. , Bogart Laura M. , Derose Kathryn Pitkin
Published: August 2014

Purpose.

Identify and compare predictors of the existence of congregational human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other health programs.

Design.

Cross-sectional study.

Setting.

United States.

Subjects.

A nationally representative sample of 1506 U.S. congregations surveyed in the National Congregations Study (2006–2007).

Measures.

Key informants at each congregation completed in-person and telephone interviews on congregational HIV and other health programs and various congregation characteristics (response rate = 78%). County-level HIV prevalence and population health data from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's 2007 County Health Rankings were linked to the congregational data.

Analysis.

Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess factors that predict congregational health programs relative to no health programs; and of HIV programs relative to other health activities.

Results.

Most congregations (57.5%) had at least one health-related program; many fewer (5.7%) had an HIV program. Predictors of health vs. HIV programs differed. The number of adults in the congregation was a key predictor of health programs, while having an official statement welcoming gay persons was a significant predictor of HIV programs (p < .05). Other significant characteristics varied by size of congregation and type of program (HIV vs. other health).

Conclusion.

Organizations interested in partnering with congregations to promote health or prevent HIV should consider congregational size as well as other factors that predict involvement. Results of this study can inform policy interventions to increase the capacity of religious congregations to address HIV and health.
A Physical-Cognitive Intervention to Enhance Gait Speed in Older Mexican Adults
Authors: Salazar-González Bertha Cecilia , Cruz-Quevedo Juana Edith , Gallegos-Cabriales Esther C. , Villarreal-Reyna Maria de los Angeles , Ceballos-Gurrola Oswaldo , Hernández-Cortés Perla Lizeth , Garza-Elizondo Maria Eugenia , Gómez-Meza Marco Vinicio , Enriquez-Reyna María Cristina
Published: August 2014

Purpose.

To test the effects of a physical-cognitive exercise intervention on gait parameters under dual-task conditions in community-dwelling older adults.

Design.

A repeated-measures quasi-experimental design, with control and exercise groups, was used.

Setting.

Study participants consist of a convenience sample recruited from senior citizens' centers in Monterrey, Mexico.

Subjects.

A total of 143 sedentary participants ages 65 to 92 years per group participated.

Intervention.

A combined 45- to 60-minute program of physical and cognitive exercises was conducted in three weekly sessions during 12 weeks for the exercise group.

Measures.

The spatial gait parameters of speed (cm/s), step width, and stride length (cm); and the temporal parameters of single and double support time, cadence (steps per minute), and swing time(s) were measured using the GaitRite. Counting backwards or naming animals represented cognitive performance.

Analysis.

Two (groups: exercise group vs. control group) by three (time: baseline, week 6, and week 12) repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was applied.

Results.

Repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant group effect (Wilks lambda F4,279 = 6.78, p < .001); univariate analysis showed significant differences for gait speed (m/s), stride length, cadence, step width, and double support time. Time-by-group interaction showed significance in gait speed and stride length.

Conclusion.

The exercise group participants showed increased gait speed, cadence, and stride length, and reduced their step width and time spent with both feet on the ground. Walking while simultaneously performing a cognitive task might prepare older adults for competing/interfering demands from their environments. The protective health benefits of this intervention remain to be investigated.
Living with a Smoker and Physical Inactivity: An Unexplored Health Behavior Pathway
Authors: Holahan Carole K. , Holahan Charles J. , Li Xiaoyin
Published: August 2014

Purpose.

The present study investigated an unexplored health behavior pathway: the association between living with a smoker and physical inactivity.

Design.

The study performed an analysis of cross-sectional data from the second wave of the Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (2004–2006).

Subjects.

The sample included 1050 women and 945 men, ages 30 to 84 years (mean, 56.5 years).

Measures.

In addition to control variables, survey items indexed presence of a smoker in the respondent's home, and physical inactivity and low health commitment on the part of the respondent.

Analysis.

Analysis employed multiple logistic regression analyses, controlling for sociodemographic factors as well as health restrictions on physical activity and respondents current smoking status.

Results.

Living with a smoker was linked to 56% higher odds of physical inactivity. Low health commitment mediated this association. Living with a smoker was linked to lower health commitment (B = .31), and low health commitment was linked in turn to increased odds of physical inactivity (odds ratio, 1.36).

Conclusions.

The increased health risk among individuals living with a smoker is assumed to be a function of exposure to secondhand smoke. We demonstrate an unexplored behavioral pathway involving a link between living with a smoker and physical inactivity. These findings suggest that household smoking bans may have broad health behavior effects beyond reducing smoking.
Perspectives on Workplace Health Promotion among Employees in Low-Wage Industries
Authors: Hammerback Kristen , Hannon Peggy A. , Harris Jeffrey R. , Clegg-Thorp Catherine , Kohn Marlana , Parrish Amanda
Published: August 2014

Purpose.

Study goals were to (1) understand the attitudes of employees in low-wage industries toward workplace health promotion, including views on appropriateness of employer involvement in employee health and level of interest in workplace health promotion overall and in specific programs, and (2) determine the potential for extending workplace health promotion to spouses and partners of these employees.

Approach.

The study used 42 interviews of 60 to 90 minutes.

Setting.

Interviews were conducted with couples (married or living together) in the Seattle/King County metropolitan area of Washington State.

Participants.

Study participants were forty-two couples with one or more members working in one of five low-wage industries: accommodation/food services, education, health care/social assistance, manufacturing, and retail trade.

Method.

The study employed qualitative analysis of interview transcripts using grounded theory to identify themes.

Results.

Employees consider workplace health promotion both appropriate and desirable and believe it benefits employers through increased productivity and morale. Most have little personal experience with it and doubt their employers would prioritize employee health. Employees are most interested in efforts focused on nutrition and physical activity. Both employees and their partners support extending workplace health promotion to include partners.

Conclusion.

Employees and their partners are interested in workplace health promotion if it addresses behaviors they care about. Concern over employer involvement in their personal health decisions is minimal; instead, employees view employer interest in their health as a sign that they are valued.
Development and Validation of the Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity Questionnaire
Authors: Schembre Susan M. , Durand Casey P. , Blissmer Bryan J. , Greene Geoffrey W.
Published: August 2014

Purpose.

Develop and demonstrate preliminary validation of a brief questionnaire aimed at assessing social cognitive determinants of physical activity (PA) in a college population.

Design.

Quantitative and observational.

Setting.

A midsized northeastern university.

Subjects.

Convenience sample of 827 male and female college students age 18 to 24 years.

Measures.

International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a PA stage-of-change algorithm.

Analysis.

A sequential process of survey development, including item generation and data reduction analyses by factor analysis, was followed with the goal of creating a parsimonious questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used for confirmatory factor analysis and construct validation was confirmed against self-reported PA and stage of change. Validation analyses were replicated in a second, independent sample of 1032 college students.

Results.

Fifteen items reflecting PA self-regulation, outcome expectations, and personal barriers explained 65% of the questionnaire data and explained 28.6% and 39.5% of the variance in total PA and moderate-to-vigorous–intensity PA, respectively. Scale scores were distinguishable across the stages of change. Findings were similar when the Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity Questionnaire (CBPAQ) was tested in a similar and independent sample of college students (40%; R2 moderate-to-vigorous–intensity PA = .40; p < .001).

Conclusion.

The CBPAQ successfully explains and predicts PA behavior in a college population, warranting its incorporation into future studies aiming at understanding and improving on PA behavior in college students.
Community-Based Mindfulness Program for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion: Targeting Stress Reduction
Authors: Galla Brian M. , O'Reilly Gillian A. , Kitil M. Jennifer , Smalley Susan L. , Black David S.
Published: August 2014

Purpose.

Poorly managed stress leads to detrimental physical and psychological consequences that have implications for individual and community health. Evidence indicates that U.S. adults predominantly use unhealthy strategies for stress management. This study examines the impact of a community-based mindfulness training program on stress reduction.

Design.

This study used a one-group pretest-posttest design.

Setting.

The study took place at the UCLA Mindful Awareness Research Center in urban Los Angeles.

Subjects.

A sample of N = 127 community residents (84% Caucasian, 74% female) were included in the study.

Intervention.

Participants received mindfulness training through the Mindful Awareness Practices (MAPs) for Daily Living I.

Measures.

Mindfulness, self-compassion, and perceived stress were measured at baseline and postintervention.

Analysis.

Paired-sample t-tests were used to test for changes in outcome measures from baseline to postintervention. Hierarchical regression analysis was fit to examine whether change in self-reported mindfulness and self-compassion predicted postintervention perceived stress scores.

Results.

There were statistically significant improvements in self-reported mindfulness (t = −10.67, p < .001, d = .90), self-compassion (t = −8.50, p < .001, d = .62), and perceived stress (t = 9.28, p < .001, d = –.78) at postintervention. Change in self-compassion predicted postintervention perceived stress (β = –.44, t = −5.06, p < .001), but change in mindfulness did not predict postintervention perceived stress (β = –.04, t = –.41, p = .68).

Conclusion.

These results indicate that a community-based mindfulness training program can lead to reduced levels of psychological stress. Mindfulness training programs such as MAPs may offer a promising approach for general public health promotion through improving stress management in the urban community.
Moving the Barricades to Physical Activity: A Qualitative Analysis of Open Streets Initiatives across the United States
Authors: Eyler Amy A. , Hipp J. Aaron , Lokuta Julie
Published: August 2014

Purpose.

Ciclovía, or Open Streets initiatives, are events where streets are opened for physical activity and closed to motorized traffic. Although the initiatives are gaining popularity in the United States, little is known about planning and implementing them. The goals of this paper are to explore the development and implementation of Open Streets initiatives and make recommendations for increasing the capacity of organizers to enhance initiative success.

Approach.

Phenomenology with qualitative analysis of structured interviews was used.

Setting.

Study setting was urban and suburban communities in the United States.

Participants.

Study participants were organizers of Open Streets initiatives in U.S. cities.

Method.

Using a list of 47 events held in 2011, 27 lead organizers were interviewed by telephone about planning, implementation, and lessons learned. The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed. A phenomenologic approach was used, an initial coding tool was developed after reviewing a sample of transcripts, and constant comparative coding methodology was applied. Themes and subthemes were generated from codes.

Results.

The most common reasons for initiation were to highlight or improve health and transportation. Most initiatives aimed to reach the general population, but some targeted families, children, or specific neighborhoods. Getting people to understand the concept of Open Streets was an important challenge. Other challenges included lack of funding and personnel, and complex logistics.

Conclusion.

These initiatives democratize public space for citizens while promoting physical activity, social connectedness, and other broad agendas. There are opportunities for the research community to contribute to the expanse and sustainability of Open Streets, particularly in evaluation and dissemination.
The Role of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Explaining the Association between Acculturation and Obesity among Mexican-American Adults
Authors: Murillo Rosenda , Albrecht Sandra S. , Daviglus Martha L. , Kershaw Kiarri N.
Published: August 2014

Purpose.

We investigated associations of acculturation with various types of activity (moderate-vigorous leisure-time physical activity [LTPA], moderate-vigorous work- and transportation-related physical activity, and sedentary activity), and whether these activities mediated the acculturation-obesity association among Mexican-Americans.

Design.

Cross-sectional.

Setting.

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2010.

Subjects.

Mexican-American NHANES participants aged ≥ 20 years (n = 1902).

Measures.

Demographic characteristics, physical activity, sedentary behavior, acculturation, and body mass index.

Analysis.

Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate associations of acculturation with categories of self-reported activity. Path analysis was used to test whether the activity measures mediated acculturation-obesity associations.

Results.

In adjusted models, compared to U.S.-born Mexican-Americans, foreign-born Mexican-Americans living in the United States for less than 10 years were significantly less likely to be in the highest LTPA and sedentary activity categories, and more likely to be in the highest total and transportation activity categories. Foreign-born Mexican-Americans living in the United States for 10 years or more were significantly less likely to engage in high sedentary activity but more likely to engage in high transportation activity. Sedentary behavior was the strongest mediator of the acculturation-obesity association, accounting for 40.7% and 57.1% of the total effect of acculturation on obesity among foreign-born Mexican-Americans living in the United States for less than 10 years and for 10 years or more, respectively, compared to U.S.-born Mexican-Americans.

Conclusion.

Reducing sedentary behavior may lower the negative impact of acculturation on obesity.
Profesionalni razvoj vzgojiteljev z vidika vzgojiteljevih pojmovanj
Authors: Valenčič Zuljan Milena , Blanuša Trošelj Danijela
Published: August 2014

Nenehno poklicno učenje vzgojiteljev danes ni več izbira posameznih entuziastov, temveč nujnost in poklicna dolžnost slehernega vzgojitelja. Profesionalni razvoj vzgojiteljev v širšem smislu pomeni proces, ki poteka od odločitve posameznika za ta poklic oziroma od začetka izobraževanja zanj do upokojitve. V ožjem smislu pa je profesionalni razvoj vzgojitelja omejen na obdobja oziroma »kritične situacije«, v katerih se posameznik dejansko profesionalno razvija – spreminja svoja pojmovanja, stališča ter prakso delovanja. Pri raziskovanju profesionalnega razvoja razlikujemo različne pristope. Nekateri raziskovalci se usmerijo v raziskovanje faz, po katerih poteka profesionalni razvoj, druge bolj zanima raziskovanje dejavnikov, ki vpliva na razvoj, tretji dajo večjo težo oblikam poklicnega učenja. Kako vzgojitelji pristopijo k profesionalnemu učenju, koliko izkoristijo ponujene formalne priložnosti učenja oziroma koliko se učijo iz vsakodnevnih izkušenj, je pomembno odvisno tudi od njihovega razumevanja profesionalnega razvoja. V prispevku prikazujemo rezultate empirične raziskave, ki je bila narejena na vzorcu 92 vzgojiteljev na Hrvaškem. Zanimalo nas je, kako vzgojitelji pojmujejo lasten profesionalni razvoj in ali se njihova pojmovanja spreminjajo z leti delovne dobe. Ugotovili smo, da prevladujejo nižja pojmovanja profesionalnega razvoja. Ugotovitev je pomembna za vse, ki se ukvarjajo s spodbujanjem profesionalnega razvoja, in jo je smiselno upoštevati tako pri načrtovanju kot pri izvajanju izobraževalnih programov.
Likovna oprema baročnih orgel: Johann Frančišek Janeček in dekoracija njegovih orgelskih omar
Authors: Koter Darja
Published: August 2014

Prispevek prinaša ugotovitve primarne raziskave o orgelskih omarah Johanna Frančiška Janečka, baročnega orglarja, delujočega v Celju, ki izhaja iz češke rodbine orglarjev. Avtorica se posveča petim instrumentom iz slovenskih cerkva, katerih ohišja imajo glasbene simbole v obliki puttov in angelov z glasbili ter figure kralja Davida s harfo in sv. Cecilije z orglami. Raziskava odgovarja na vprašanja o naročnikih orgelskih omar, njihovih izdelovalcih in likovnih ter glasbenih značilnostih posameznih elementov. Ugotovitve kažejo na povezave z orglami na območjih dežele nekdanje Češke, s katerimi sta skupni arhitektura ohišja ter figuralika z glasbenimi simboli.
Zgodovina recepcije in travma resnične zgodovine: dekodiranje pantomime v Haydnovi "Simfoniji slovesa"
Authors: Korsyn Kevin
Published: August 2014

Haydnova vključitev pantomime v finale »Simfonije slovesa« predstavlja radikalno kršitev splošnih pričakovanj, podobno kot Beethovnova uvedba zbora v IX. Simfonijo, pa vendar ni še nobeden analiziral te pantomime ali dekodiral njene pomene. Zgodovina recepcije te skladbe vsiljuje misel o paradoksalni mešanici stopnjevanja zgodovinskega spominjanja in nekakšne hotene amnezije.
Zapletenost glasbenega pomena - sociopsihološki zapis k poslušanju glasbe
Authors: Stefanija Leon
Published: August 2014

Namen prispevka je začrtati povezave med skladateljevim in poslušalčevim razumevanjem pomenskega potenciala glasbe. Natančneje: ali obe gledišči povezuje enak mehanizem? Odgovor na to vprašanje je podano po prerezu 1) raziskovalnih perspektiv, ki se ukvarjajo z ravnmi, ki razkrivajo pomenskost glasbe, 2) muzikoloških opredelitev glasbenega pomena in 3) analize treh primerov slovenske sodobne glasbe. Prispevek je predvsem poziv k upoštevanju naravoslovnih in družboslovnih gledišč kot dveh plateh raziskovalnega procesa istega pojava.
Podzavestna raven smisla v Mozartovi operi Idomeneo
Authors: Oberhoff Bernd
Published: August 2014

Ob svojih kliničnih izkušnjah je psihoanaliza razvila nekaj metod, ki služijo razvozlavanju podzavesti in ki jih moremo koristno uporabiti ta razumevanje podzavestnih tem v glasbenih delih. Avtor predstavi dve takšni metodi – iritacijsko teorijo in analizo nasprotnega prenosa – ter pokaže, kako je s tema instrumentoma moč odkriti latetntni smisel Mozartove opera Idomeneo. Oba metodološka pristopa pokažeta, da pri opernem dogajanju, ki sicer prikazuje brezhiben odnos med očetom in sinom, gre v resnici za smrtni boj med obema.
Terapevtski vidiki glasbene vzgoje: vloga Bachovih cvetnih plesov v razvoju pozitivnih čustvenih stanj sedem- in osemletnih učencev osnovnih šol
Authors: Pesek Albinca
Published: August 2014

Razpad vrednotnega sistema sodobne družbe zahteva spremembe v vzgojno-izobraževalnem sistemu, kjer vzgoja prevzema pomembno vlogo s prizadevanjem za celostno vzgojo. Pri posamezniku razvija vse človekove potenciale: telesne, čustvene, kognitivne in duhovne. Glasbena vzgoja s svojim terapevtskim poslanstvom pomaga pri oblikovanju harmonične osebnosti in postane mediator pri različnih dejavnostih, kjer nesoglasja ne dovoljujejo uspešnega izvajanja vzgojno-izobraževalnega procesa. Na osnovi empirične raziskave, ki smo jo izvedli z namenom preverjanja učinkov Bachovih cvetnih plesov pri sedem- in osemletnih osnovnošolcih, smemo zaključiti, da ima izvajanje Bachovih cvetnih plesov pozitivne učinke tako z vidika posameznih pozitivnih čustvenih stanj kot razvoja pozitivnega čustvenega stanja v celoti. Je torej pomemben dejavnik osebnostnega razvoja učencev, zato jim povsem upravičeno pripada mesto v našem šolskem prostoru.
Stevan Stojanović Mokranjac in iznajdevanje tradicije: vzorčna študija pesmi "Cvekje cafnalo"
Authors: Tomašević Katarina
Published: August 2014

Glavni namen prispevka je v raziskavi vloge Stevana Stojanovića Mokranjca v procesih iznajdevanja umetne tradicije v srbski glasbi moderne dobe. S tem ko sledim poti izbranega analitičnega primera, to je ljudski pesmi »Cvekje cafnalo« iz Mokranjćeve 12. rukoveti, mimo P. Konjovićevih del (Simfonija v c-molu, 1907 in Drugi godalni kvartet, 1937) ter Sonatine (1926) Predraga Miloševića, nameravam pokazati, na kakšen način je Mokranjčev opus rabil kot izhodiščni model za vpeljevanje zgodnjega modernizma v srbski (in jugoslovanski) glasbi v prvi polovici 20. stoletja.
Surrealizem v ustvarjalnosti Vinka Globokarja: na primeru skladbe Zlom
Authors: Ribizel Tjaša
Published: August 2014

Prispevek želi opozoriti na določene vzporednice med ustvarjalnostjo Vinka Globokarja in surrealizmom. Te vzporednice so podrobneje prikazane s pomočjo analize skladbe Zlom. Pri tem so izpostavljene tri ravni ustvarjanja in te so tehnična plat, poetološke iztočnice in raziskovanje psiholoških, socialnih ter humanističnih tem.
Vplivi na razvoj violinske pedagogike na Slovenskem v 19. stoletju in v prvi polovici 20. stoletja
Authors: Zupančič Maruša
Published: August 2014

V primerjavi z ostalimi razvitimi evropskimi narodi sta se violinska pedagogika in njena metodika začeli na Slovenskem evidentno razvijati šele v 19. stoletju. Največje vplive in zasluge za razvoj violinske pedagogike na Slovenskem sta imeli violinski šoli dunajskega in praškega konservatorija. Obe violinski šoli sta imeli svoj izvor v francoski violinski šoli z glavnim predstavnikom G. B. Viottijem. Največji pečat je na razvoj violinske pedagogike na Slovenskem vtisnila praška violinska šola. K temu je ogromno prispeval Otakar Ševčík, ki je s svojim delom Violinschule für Anfänger, op. 6 vplival tudi na nastanek slovenskih violinskih metodičnih del, ki so nastala šele v 20. stoletju.
"Klasik" glasbe 20. stoletja - vprašanje modernega in tradicionalnega v opusu Uroša Kreka
Authors: Pompe Gregor
Published: August 2014

Članek skuša razrešiti slogovna vprašanja, ki nastanejo ob preučevanju opusa Uroša Kreka. Navidezno neskladje med visoko estetsko vrednostjo del in njihovo neinovativnostjo je razrešeno s pomočjo oznake »klasik slovenske glasbe 20. stoletja«, kar je recepcijska oznaka, ki prevzema tako vrednostne kot tudi zgodovinske in lokalne determinante. Kot osnova razpravi služijo analize štirih skladateljevih del za godala.
Koncertna dejavnost Festivala Ljubljana 1953-1963
Authors: Ribizel Tjaša
Published: August 2014

Prireditev Ljubljanski festival je bila ustanovljena 1953, z namenom posredovanja slovenske in jugoslovanske kulture ter podaljšanja kulturne sezone v poletje. V prvih desetih letih festivala je bilo izvedenih 125 glasbenih prireditev, ki so jih izvedli tako jugoslovanski kot tudi tuji ustvarjalci. Posamezne prireditve so se iz leta v leto dopolnjevale in izpopolnjevale. Vsako programsko obdobje (1953, 1954–1959, 1960–1963) pa je zvrstno prineslo nekaj novega in nadgradilo predhodnega.
Slovenska glasbena identiteta znotraj srednjeevropske
Authors: Klemenčič Ivan
Published: August 2014

Gre za kompleksno in racionalni presoji le deloma dostopno vprašanje. V glasbeni umetnosti govorimo o posameznih nacionalnih identitetah znotraj Srednje Evrope, za skupno v različnem. To skupno ni njihov mehanični seštevek, upoštevati moramo skupne imenovalce. Analitično je obravnavana umeščenost slovenske glasbe v srednjeevropsko.
Glasba na robu. Nekaj pripomb k tipologiji glasbe Aloisa Hábe
Authors: Reitterterová Vlasta
Published: August 2014

Aloisa Hábo ponavadi označujemo kot eno izmed vodilnih osebnosti srednjeevropske avant-garde med obema vojnama. Predvsem je znan kot neutruden propagator mikrotonalne in atematske glasbe, ki jo je sam označeval kot »osvobojeno glasbo«.
Koralni preludiji Johanna Pachelbla: Raziskovalna področja Pachelbelovih koralnih preludijev
Authors: Miklavc Polona
Published: August 2014

Johann Pachelbel je napisal obsežen opus orgelskih koralnih preludijev, katerih obravnava odpira tako zgodovinska kot tudi kompozicijska in estetska vprašanja. Razprava skuša predstaviti in primerjati ugotovitve različnih raziskovalcev o posameznih pomembnih vprašanjih Pachelblovih orgelskih preludijev in hkrati opozoriti na tista področja, ki ostajajo še neraziskana ter potrebna nadaljnjega študija.
Imeti dober klavir ali dober klavikord: nekaj razmišljanj o pomembnosti razgledovanja po instrumentih s tipkami
Authors: Speerstra Joel
Published: August 2014

Študij haptičnih povratnih informacij v zvezi z različnimi zgodovinskimi instrumenti s tipkami postavlja vprašanje, zakaj je C. P. E. Bach med drugim spodbujal praktične glasbenike, da se posvetijo fenomenologiji mnogovrstnih instrumentov s tipkami in da se tako na vseh ustrezno verzirajo.
Operna režija na Slovenskem med obema vojnama: med estetiko gledališča in estetiko opere
Authors: Koter Darja
Published: August 2014

Prispevek obravnava razvoj operne režije na Slovenskem med obema svetovnima vojnama, s poudarkom na opernih predstavah ljubljanske Opere. Avtorica predstavi profil opernega režiserja, povezave z gledališko režijo ter vplive pomembnih evropskih gledališč in šol. Sledi prepletanju zakonitosti estetike gledaliških in opernih predstav, ki so nastajale pod vodstvom vidnejših režiserjev ljubljanske Drame, kot so bili Osip Šest, Bratko Kreft in Ciril Debevec.
Händel, njegovi sodobniki in zgodnji angleški oratorij
Authors: Gardner Mathew
Published: August 2014

Pregled razvoja angleškega oratorija od prvih javnih uprizoritev Händlovega oratorija Esther (1732) do 1740. Obravnava vpliv Händla na njegove angleške sodobnike glede na slog, obliko, izbiro teme in alegorično vsebino, ter prikaže bolj celovito podobo angleškega oratorija v 30. letih 18. stoletja kot kdaj koli doslej.
Instrumentalna komorna dela Rista Savina v okviru komorne ustvarjalnosti in poustvarjalnosti na Slovenskem od začetka 19. stoletja do leta 1920
Authors: Zupančič Maruša
Published: August 2014

Risto Savin wrote ten instrumental chamber works: a string quartet, two piano trios, a cello sonata, and six violin pieces, of which two are arrangements of his own orchestral works. The paper places Savin’s instrumental chamber opus in the context of the chamber music of the time in Slovene lands and demonstrates that the composer paved the way for Slovene chamber repertoire from its very beginnings.
Med domom in svetom: pesmi za glas in klavir Rista Savina
Authors: Nagode Aleš
Published: August 2014

Članek ponuja nov pogled na gradivo povezano z ustvarjalnostjo Rista Savina za glas in klavir. Opozarja na nekaj doslej spregledanih skladb ter poskuša z razširjenim naborom dejstev korigirati uveljavljeno kronologijo nastajanja del. Izsledki znatno spreminjajo dosedanje razumevanje Savinove ustvarjalnosti. Njegova opredelitev za slovensko nacionalno gibanje ni bila nenaden zasuk, kot je to veljalo do sedaj, temveč rezultat dolgotrajnega odzivanja na pobude iz kulturnega okolja, v katerem je deloval.
Kadrovske odločitve na muzikoloških katedrah po letu 1945: Ocenjevanje objav na primeru Karla Blessingerja in Wernerja Korteja
Authors: Malkiewicz Michael
Published: August 2014

Skoraj vsi nosilci muzikoloških nazivov na univerzah in visokih šolah v Nemčiji so se po letu 1945 lahko vrnili na svoja mesta. Razlogi, zakaj je nekdo lahko ostal na svojem mestu v muzikologiji, zakaj so nekateri lahko nadaljevali svoje delo potem, ko jih je vojaška vlada za kratek čas odstavila in zakaj so bili drugi za stalno odstavljeni, so zelo različni.
Balkan Music Industries Between Europeanisation and Regionalisation: Balkan Music Awards
Authors: Hofman Ana
Published: August 2014

Taking the regional music event “Balkan Music Awards” – presented as the Eurovision of the Balkans – as a case study, the article explores the ways in which the assumed exotic value of Balkan music and the existing sonic image of the Balkans are employed with the aim of invigorating the regional music market as a process of reorganizing “post–national” musical productions.
The Slovenian Philharmonic after the Second World War – From Ideology and Professional Disputes to Art
Authors: Bogunović Hočevar Katarina
Published: August 2014

Alongside the previously formed aspirations of the Slovenian music scene, the post-war period brought new opportunities and challenges. Immediately after its founding, the newly established Slovenian Philharmonic began to realise the idea of collectivism. Soon after its affirmation, however, it started to shift away from this ideal and seek a path towards a firmer programme policy. On this path, it also had to overcome certain (sometimes well-intentioned) obstacles arising from various professional societies.
Expressive Sonority and Formal Control: Lojze Lebič into the 21st Century
Authors: O’Loughlin Niall
Published: August 2014

An investigation of recent works by the Slovene composer Lojze Lebič shows continuing attention to drawing memorable sounds from instruments and voices in a very expressive way. This is always allied to a careful formal planning.
Vinko Globokar’s Balkan Requiem
Authors: O’Loughlin Niall
Published: August 2014

Globokar’s rare excursions into folklore include the two Études pour folklora of 1968 which imitate the techniques of folk musicians in Bosnia and Macedonia and Élegie balkanique of 1992 which laments the Balkan tragedy in musical and verbal terms, in effect a secular requiem.
Optimization of Decision Support Tool using Medication Regimens to Assess Rehospitalization Risks
Authors: Dierich M. , Adam T. , Westra B.L , Olson C.H.
Published: August 2014

Background: Unnecessary hospital readmissions are costly for the U.S. health care system. An automated algorithm was developed to target this problem and proven to predict elderly patients at greater risk of rehospitalization based on their medication regimens.

Objective: Improve the algorithm for predicting elderly patients’ risks for readmission by optimizing the sensitivity of its medication criteria.

Methods: Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) and medication data were reused from a study that defined and tested an algorithm for assessing rehospitalization risks of 911 patients from 15 Medicare-certified home health care agencies. Odds Ratio analyses, literature reviews and clinical judgments were used to adjust the scoring of patients’ High Risk Medication Regimens (HRMRs). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis evaluated whether these adjustments improved the predictive strength of the algorithm’s components.

Results: HRMR scores are composed of polypharmacy (number of drugs), potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) (drugs risky to the elderly), and Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) (complex dose forms, dose frequency, instructions or administration). Strongest ROC results for the HRMR components were Areas Under the Curve (AUC) of .68 for polypharmacy when excluding supplements; and .60 for PIM and .69 for MRCI using the original HRMR criteria. The “cut point” identifying MRCI scores as indicative of medication-related readmission risk was increased from 20 to 33.

Conclusion: The automated algorithm can predict elderly patients at risk of hospital readmissions and its underlying criteria is improved by a modification to its polypharmacy definition and MRCI cut point.

Citation: Olson CH, Dierich M, Adam T, Westra BL. Optimization of decision support tool using medication regimens to assess rehospitalization risks. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 773–788

http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2014-04-RA-0040
ÍNDICE DE SITIO PARA PLANTACIONES DE Pinus greggii Engelm. EN METZTITLÁN, HIDALGO, MÉXICO
Authors: Hernández-Ramos Jonathan , García-Magaña J. Jesús , Olvera-Delgadillo Edgar H. , Velarde-Ramírez Juan C. , García-Cuevas Xavier , Muñoz-Flores H. Jesús
Published: August 2014

Los índices de productividad son esenciales en la planeación del manejo forestal sustentable. El índice de sitio es la metodología más utilizada en la clasificación de la calidad de las áreas forestales. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los macizos forestales y plantaciones no cuentan con tal información que apoye la planeación de las actividades silvícolas. Por ello, el objetivo fue estimar el índice de sitio de las plantaciones forestales de Pinus greggii Engelm., establecidas en la parte serrana del municipio de Metztitlán, Hidalgo. Los modelos de Schumacher, Chapman-Richards y Weibull se ajustaron con 233 observaciones de edad-altura provenientes de un análisis troncal. De acuerdo con el valor más bajo del cuadrado medio del error, el valor más alto de R2 y la distribución de residuales, se seleccionó el modelo de Schumacher para la construcción de la curva guía y el sistema de curvas anamórficas y polimórficas. Se establecieron cinco etiquetas de índice de sitio para las alturas 12, 14, 16, 18 y 20 m con calidades de estación V, IV, III, II y I, respectivamente. Se obtuvo buena estimación del crecimiento de la altura dominante en función de la edad, ya que considera todas las condiciones existentes dentro de las plantaciones.
INFLUENCIA DEL AMBIENTE SOBRE LA PRODUCTIVIDAD DE LA SEGUNDA COSECHA DE MIEL DE ABEJA EN AGUASCALIENTES DE 1998 A 2010
Authors: Medina-Cuéllar Sergio E. , Portillo-Vázquez Marcos , Álvarez-Coque José M. García , Terrazas-González Gerardo H. , Alba-Nevárez Laura L.
Published: August 2014

Se analizó el efecto de la temperatura, precipitación, superficie cosechada de cultivos de temporal y trabajo aplicado sobre la producción apícola en la segunda temporada de cosecha de miel de abeja de los años 1998 a 2010, en Aguascalientes. El análisis se hizo a través del modelado de una función tipo Cobb-Douglas por mínimos cuadrados en dos etapas. El criterio de selección de las variables se fundamentó en trabajos referentes tanto a la fenología de las abejas y de la fuente de néctar predominante, como al diseño de la función de producción. Se obtuvo un modelo basado en datos anuales de cada apiario (78 apiarios) considerando 4,901 colmenas, obteniendo R2 en diferencias de 0.71. Las elasticidades de la producción de miel por colmena con relación a la precipitación, superficie cosechada y trabajo aplicado resultaron positivas, y fueron negativas respecto a la producción de miel del año anterior y a la temperatura. El clima y el trabajo aplicado por colmena fueron los factores responsables de la variabilidad del rendimiento de miel por colmena.
ECUACIONES PARA ESTIMAR EL PODER CALORÍFICO DE LA MADERA DE CUATRO ESPECIES DE ÁRBOLES
Authors: Agostinho-Da Silva Dimas , Otomar-Caron Braulio , Sanquetta Carlos R. , Behling Alexandre , Scmidt Denise , Bamberg Rogério , Eloy Elder , Dalla-Corte Ana Paula
Published: August 2014

El objetivo de este trabajo fue ajustar ecuaciones de regresión que expresen el poder calorífico superior (PCS) de la madera de cuatro especies forestales: Acacia mearnsii De Willd., Eucalyptus grandis Hill, Mimosa scabrella Benth. y Ateleia glazioviana Baill. El procedimiento de selección de variables hacia atrás se utilizó para generar ecuaciones de PCS en función de los contenidos de material volátil (CMV), ceniza (CC), carbono fijo (CCF) y materia orgánica (CMO). Las muestras se recolectaron un año después de la plantación para la determinación de dichas variables. Todas las ecuaciones obtenidas tuvieron buena correlación, presentaron coeficientes de determinación ajustados superiores a 82 %, error estándar de estimación inferior de 1.1 % y distribución adecuada de los residuos. Las ecuaciones que implican solamente el CMV para A. mearnsii, CC para E. grandis y A. glazioviana, y los elementos del análisis proximal para M. scabrella, son tan adecuadas para estimar el PCS como las ecuaciones que incluyen más variables independientes.
FERTILIZACIÓN CON BORO EN PLANTACIONES DE Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake en TABASCO
Authors: Rodríguez-Juárez Mitzy I. , Velázquez-Martínez Alejandro , Gómez-Guerrero Armando , Aldrete Arnulfo , Domínguez-Domínguez Marivel
Published: August 2014

El presente trabajo se realizó en plantaciones comerciales de Eucalyptus urophylla de la empresa Forestaciones Operativas de México, S. A. de C. V. (FOMEX) en Huimanguillo, Tabasco, México, con la finalidad de conocer el efecto de la adición de boro (B) sobre el crecimiento de dicha especie. Se dio seguimiento a 199 árboles de E. urophylla que recibieron diferentes dosis de B (0, 6 y 12 g·árbol-1) durante el establecimiento. El diámetro y la altura de los árboles se midieron a las edades de 1.5, 4.5 y 11 años. Se realizó un muestreo destructivo separando fuste, ramas, ramillas + hojas, para la cuantificación de biomasa y su distribución. El contenido total de nutrimentos en el follaje se evaluó y la respuesta a la aplicación de B se midió a través de un diagnóstico gráfico de vectores. Los resultados mostraron que el B favoreció el crecimiento en altura y volumen, pero este efecto no se observó en la acumulación de biomasa aérea. El análisis de vectores mostró incremento en el contenido de P, K y Ca en el follaje cuando el B se aplicó en dosis de 6 g·árbol-1. En dosis mayores (12 g·árbol-1), la biomasa foliar se redujo presentando contenidos netos y concentraciones similares en las hojas más pequeñas.
Variational estimates of black carbon emissions in the western United States
Authors: Mao Y. H. , Li Q. B. , Henze D. K. , Jiang Z. , Jones D. B. A. , Kopacz M. , He C. , Qi L. , Gao M. , Hao W.-M. , Liou K.-N.
Published: August 2014

Abstract. We estimate black carbon (BC) emissions in the Western United States (WUS) for July–September 2006 by inverting surface BC concentrations from the Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environment (IMPROVE) network using a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) and its adjoint. Our best estimate of the BC emissions is 49.9 Gg at 2° × 2.5° (a factor of 2.1 increase) and 47.3 Gg at 0.5° × 0.667° (1.9 times increase). Model results now capture the observed major fire episodes with substantial bias reductions (∼35% at 2° × 2.5° and ∼15% at 0.5° × 0.667°). The emissions are ∼20–50% larger than those from our earlier analytical inversions (Mao et al., 2014). The discrepancy is especially drastic in the partitioning of anthropogenic vs. biomass burning emissions. The August biomass burning BC emissions are 4.6–6.5 Gg and anthropogenic BC emissions 8.6–12.8 Gg, varying with the model resolution, error specifications, and subsets of observations used. On average both increase twofold relative to the respective a priori emissions, in distinct contrast to the halving of the anthropogenic and tripling of the biomass burning emissions in the analytical inversions. We attribute these discrepancies to the inability of the inversion system, with limited spatiotemporal coverage of the IMPROVE observations, to effectively distinguish collocated anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions on model grid scales. This calls for concurrent measurements of other tracers of biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion (e.g., carbon monoxide and carbon isotopes). We find that the inversion system as is has sufficient information content to constrain the total emissions of BC on the model grid scales.
Aerosol–cloud interactions studied with the chemistry-climate model EMAC
Authors: Chang D. Y. , Tost H. , Steil B. , Lelieveld J.
Published: August 2014

Abstract. This study uses the EMAC atmospheric chemistry-climate model to simulate cloud properties and estimate cloud radiative effects induced by aerosols. We have tested two prognostic cloud droplet nucleation parameterizations, i.e., the standard STN (osmotic coefficient model) and hybrid (HYB, replacing the osmotic coefficient by the κ hygroscopicity parameter) schemes to calculate aerosol hygroscopicity and critical supersaturation, and consider aerosol–cloud feedbacks with a focus on warm clouds. Both prognostic schemes (STN and HYB) account for aerosol number, size and composition effects on droplet nucleation, and are tested in combination with two different cloud cover parameterizations, i.e., a relative humidity threshold and a statistical cloud cover scheme (RH-CLC and ST-CLC). The use of either STN and HYB leads to very different cloud radiative effects, particularly over the continents. The STN scheme predicts highly effective CCN activation in warm clouds and hazes/fogs near the surface. The enhanced CCN activity increases the cloud albedo effect of aerosols and cools the Earth's surface. The cooler surface enhances the hydrostatic stability of the lower continental troposphere and thereby reduces convection and convective precipitation. In contrast, the HYB simulations calculate lower, more realistic CCN activation and consequent cloud albedo effect, leading to relatively stronger convection and high cloud formation. The enhanced high clouds increase greenhouse warming and moderate the cooling effect of the low clouds. With respect to the cloud radiative effects, the statistical ST-CLC scheme shows much higher sensitivity to aerosol–cloud coupling for all continental regions than the RH-CLC threshold scheme, most pronounced for low clouds but also for high clouds. Simulations of the short wave cloud radiative effect at the top of the atmosphere in ST-CLC are a factor of 2–8 more sensitive to aerosol coupling than the RH-CLC configurations. The long wave cloud radiative effect responds about a factor of 2 more sensitively. Our results show that the coupling with the HYB scheme (κ approach) outperforms the coupling with STN (osmotic coefficient), and also provides a more straightforward approach to account for physicochemical effects on aerosol activation into cloud droplets. Accordingly, the sensitivity of CCN activation to chemical composition is highest in HYB. Overall, the prognostic schemes of cloud cover and cloud droplet formation help improve the agreement between model results and observations, and for the ST-CLC scheme it seems to be a necessity.
A quantitative analysis of the impact of wind turbines on operational Doppler weather radar data
Authors: Norin L.
Published: August 2014

Abstract. In many countries wind turbines are rapidly growing in numbers as the demand for energy from renewable sources increases. The continued deployment of wind turbines can, however, be problematic for many radar systems, which are easily disturbed by turbines located in radar line-of-sight. Wind turbines situated in the vicinity of Doppler weather radars can lead to erroneous precipitation estimates as well as to inaccurate wind- and turbulence measurements. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the impact of a wind farm, located in southeastern Sweden, on measurements from a nearby Doppler weather radar. The analysis is based on six years of operational radar data. In order to evaluate the impact of the wind farm, average values of all three spectral moments (the radar reflectivity factor, absolute radial velocity, and spectrum width) of the nearby Doppler weather radar were calculated, using data before and after the construction of the wind farm. It is shown that all spectral moments, from a large area at and downrange from the wind farm, were impacted by the wind turbines. It was also found that data from radar cells far above the wind farm (near 3 km altitude) were affected by the wind farm. We show that this is partly explained by changes in the atmospheric refractive index, bending the radar beams closer to the ground. In a detailed analysis, using data from a single radar cell, frequency distributions of all spectral moments were used to study the competition between the weather signal and wind turbine clutter. We show that when weather echoes give rise to higher reflectivity values than that of the wind farm, the negative impact of the wind turbines disappears for all spectral moments.
Impacts of cloud heterogeneities on cirrus optical properties retrieved from spatial thermal infrared radiometry
Authors: Fauchez T. , Dubuisson P. , Cornet C. , Szczap F. , Garnier A. , Pelon J.
Published: August 2014

Abstract. This paper presents a study, based on simulations, of the impact of cirrus cloud heterogeneities on the retrieval of cloud parameters (optical thickness and effective diameter) for the Imaging Infrared Radiometer (IIR) on board CALIPSO. Cirrus clouds are generated by the stochastic model 3DCLOUD for two different cloud fields and for several averaged cloud parameters. One is obtained from a cirrus observed on the 25 May 2007 during the airborne campaign CIRCLE-2 and the other is a cirrus uncinus. The radiative transfer is simulated with the code 3DMCPOL. To assess the errors due to cloud heterogeneities, two related retrieval algorithms are used: (i) The split window technique to retrieve the ice crystal effective diameter and (ii) an algorithm similar to the IIR operational algorithm to retrieve the effective emissivity and the effective optical thickness. Differences between input parameters and retrieved parameters are compared as a function of different cloud properties such as the mean optical thickness, the heterogeneity parameter and the effective diameter. The optical thickness heterogeneity for each 1 km × 1 km observation pixel is represented by the optical thickness standard deviation computed using 100 m × 100 m subpixels. We show that optical thickness heterogeneity may have a strong impact on the retrieved parameters, mainly due to the Plane Parallel Approximation (PPA). In particular, for cirrus cloud with ice crystal size of approximately 10 μm, the averaged error on the retrieved effective diameter is about 2.5 μm (~ 25%) and on the effective optical thickness of about −0.20 (~ 12%). Then, these biases decrease with the increase of the ice effective size due to a decrease of the cloud absorption and thus of the PPA bias. Cloud heterogeneity effects are much more higher than other possible sources of error. They become larger than the retrieval incertitude of the IIR algorithm from a standard deviation of the optical thickness, inside the observation pixel, superior to 1.