bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nematicidal activity of various aqueous extracts against root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne chitwoodi)
Authors: KASAPOĞLU ULUDAMAR Ece Börteçine
Published: March 2024

In this study, twelve aqueous extracts were assessed for their effects on egg hatching, mortality of second-stage juveniles (J2s) of Meloidogyne chitwoodi in vitro and growth chamber in 2020-2021. The mortality of the J2s increased with increasing exposure time and concentration with all extracts. Maximum mortality was observed in 10% extracts of Anethum graveolens (100%), Eruca sativa (100%), Vitex agnus-castus (98%), Asphodelus aestivus (96.4%), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (95.6%) after 24 hours and minimum mortality was found in 1% extracts of Laurus nobilis (6.6%) after 6 hours. Maximum suppression of hatching was found at 64.2%, 61.0%, and 59.4% with extract of A. aestivus, Nerium oleander, V. agnus-castus after 7 days, respectively. The pot experiments showed that gall index was the lowest in soils treated with Ficus carica, N. oleander, Zingiber officinale, and L. nobilis. The chemical composition of four aqueous extracts was analysed by using GC-MS, and the main components of L. nobilis, E. camaldulensis, F. carica, and N. oleander were identified as eucalyptol, 2-methoxy-6,10-dimethyl-dodeca-2E,6Z,10Z-trienoic acid, 12-acetoxy-, and dihydroedulan II. The study confirms the potential of mainly L. nobilis, E. camaldulensis, F. carica, and N. oleander extracts for the formulation of new products for controlling M. chitwoodi.
A novel approach for tomato leaf disease classification with deep convolutional neural networks
Authors: IRMAK Gizem , SAYGILI Ahmet
Published: March 2024

Computer-aided automation systems that detect plant diseases are one of the challenging research areas that provide effective results in the agricultural field. Tomato crops are a major product with high commercial value worldwide and are produced in large quantities. This study proposes a new approach for the automatic detection of tomato leaf diseases, which employs classical learning methods and deep neural networks for image classification. Specifically, Local Binary Pattern (LBP) method was used for feature extraction in classical learning methods, while Extreme Learning Machines, k-Nearest Neighborhood (kNN), and Support Vector Machines (SVM) were used for classification. On the other hand, a novel Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) framework with its parameters and layers was employed for deep learning. The study shows that the accuracy values obtained from the proposed approach are better than the state-of-the-art studies. The classification process was carried out with different numbers of classes, including binary classification (healthy vs. unhealthy), 6-class, and 10-class classification for distinguishing different types of diseases. The results indicate that the CNN model outperforms classical learning methods, with accuracy values of 99.5%, 98.50%, and 97.0% obtained for the classification of 2, 6, and 10 classes, respectively. In future studies, computer-aided automated systems can be utilized to detect different diseases for various plant species.
Few-shot learning in intelligent agriculture: A review of methods and applications
Authors: NİE Jing , YUAN Yichen , Lİ Yang , WANG Huting , Lİ Jingbin , WANG Yi , SONG Kangle , ERCİSLİ Sezai
Published: March 2024

Due to the high cost of data acquisition in many specific fields, such as intelligent agriculture, the available data is insufficient for the typical deep learning paradigm to show its superior performance. As an important complement to deep learning, few-shot learning focuses on pattern recognition tasks under the constraint of limited data, which can be used to solve practical problems in many application fields with data scarcity. This survey summarizes the research status, main models and representative achievements of few-shot learning from four aspects: model fine-tuning, meta-learning, metric learning and data enhancement, and especially introduces the few-shot learning-driven typical applications in intelligent agriculture. Finally, the current challenges of few-shot learning and its development trends in intelligent agriculture are prospected.
A Mini Review on Components of Flax Seed and Their Effects on Breast Cancer
Authors: BAYAR İrem , AKKOÇ Senem
Published: March 2024

Breast cancer is recognized as one of the most common cancers worldwide that can lead to death. Alternative treatment options are needed due to drug resistance caused by current treatment methods such as chemotherapy, inclusion of healthy cells in the target, and possible side effects. In this context, there is great interest in natural compounds and their active metabolites. One of these is flaxseed (FS), which is one of the most studied foods to be associated with breast cancer. FS is a functional food with high nutritional value. FS components (fatty acids, fiber, and lignans) and especially the basic lignan structure in FS content, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and its metabolites enterolactone (ENL) and enterodiol (END) have beneficial effects on breast cancer progression. This review aimed to develop a perspective for further research on this type of cancer in the future by giving some general information about FS and its components and evaluating some studies showing potential effects on breast cancer.
Effects of Harvesting Stages and Additives on the Chemical Composition, Fermentation Quality and Relative Feed Value of Soybean Silages Varieties
Authors: Şahar Ahmet Korhan , Erdoğan Sibel , Zorer Çelebi Şeyda
Published: March 2024

In this study, the chemical composition, silage fermentation quality and relative feed value of soybean silages varieties, namely Adasoy (A), Derry (D) and Yeşilsoy (Y), with Pioneer11C33 (I), molasses (M) and cracked wheat (W) additives at the three harvesting stages, i.e., full flowering (R2), full pod (R4) and full seed (R6) stages, were determined. It was observed that the A and D varieties were the best silage materials for the production of good quality silage in terms of both nutrient contents such as DM and CP and fermentation criteria such as LA and BA concentrations during the R4 and R6 harvest periods. Molasses and cracked wheat additives significantly improved the fermentation qualities of all soybean varieties (P<0.05), but the fermentation effect of the inoculant on silages was less than that of molasses and cracked wheat. The harvesting of soybean varieties in the full seed and applying molasses or cracked wheat as an additive optimally improves silage characteristics and results in well-preserved silage.
Türkiye’nin Medikal Turizm Kurumsal Yeterliliğinin ve Potansiyelinin Avrupa'daki Türk Vatandaşları Tarafından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Avderen Selçuk , Eter Mehtap
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin medikal turizm kurumsal yeterliliği ve potansiyeli ile Avrupa'daki Türk vatandaşlarının farkındalık düzeyi arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek ve katılımcıların demografik özellikleri ile kurumsal yeterlilik algıları arasındaki farlılıkları ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri Kurumsal Yeterlilik Ölçeği ve Medikal Turizm Potansiyeli Ölçeği kullanılarak 2023 yılı Mart ve Nisan aylarında Avrupa’da yaşayan Türk vatandaşlarından kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Çalışmaya 106 erkek ve 52 kadın olmak üzere toplam 158 kişi katılım sağlamıştır. Amaca yönelik olarak verilere Bağımsız Örneklem T-Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) ve sürekli değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi amacıyla Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon ve Çoklu Doğrusal Regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre Kurumsal Yeterlilik Ölçeği ortalaması 3,72; Medikal Turizm Potansiyeli Ölçeği ortalaması 3,79 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre Avrupada’ki Türk vatandaşlarının Türkiye’nin medikal turizm potansiyeli ve hastanelerin kurumsal yeterliliği konusunda olumlu yüksek algıya sahip oldukları anlaşılmaktadır. Türkiye’de hizmet alınan bölgeye göre kurumsal yeterlilik ölçeğinin “tanıtım” ve “imaj” alt boyutlarında katılımcıların algılarında farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada kurumsal yeterliliğin, medikal turizm potansiyelini artırdığı, özellikle “altyapı” boyutunun medikal turizm potansiyeli üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların algıladıkları hizmet kalitesi ile kurumsal yeterlilik algıları arasında pozitif yönde bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Bu ilişkinin “iş gücü” alt boyutunda daha yüksek düzeyde olduğu dikkati çekmektedir. Ayrıca katılımcıların %29,1’i Türkiye’deki hastanelerde olumsuz herhangi bir durumla karşılaşmadıklarını belirtmişlerdir.
Efeito crowding-out (exclusão) entre orçamentos de políticas de renda e serviços públicos em países da OCDE
Authors: Botelho Luciano Henrique Fialho , Costa Thiago de Melo Teixeira da , Louzano João Paulo de Oliveira , Lelis Davi Augusto Santana de
Published: March 2024

Desafios como a globalização e a economia digital estão afetando o mercado de trabalho e causando exclusões sociais. Assim, entende-se pela relevância das políticas de renda, sendo essas responsáveis pela segurança financeira do cidadão. Nesse inserto, objetivou-se avaliar a expansão orçamentária das políticas de renda, entre 1970 e 2019, além de verificar se há efeito crowding-out (exclusão) entre o orçamento dessas e de serviços públicos, de 2000 a 2019, em países da OCDE. No referencial teórico, abordou-se Estado de bem-estar social, políticas de renda, disputas orçamentárias e austeridade e efeito crowding-out (exclusão) e crowding-in (complementaridade). Metodologicamente, utilizou-se análises descritivas e gráficas, análises de correlação, testes de causalidade de Granger e regressão em painel curto system GMM. Os resultados indicaram expansão dos orçamentos para políticas de renda, com destaque para aplicações em sistemas de previdência e pensão. Ademais, observou-se relação mista entre a aceitação da hipótese de crowding-out entre as políticas de renda e serviços públicos, com tendência de exclusão de serviços públicos para expansão em políticas de renda. Limitações foram observadas pela falta de alguns dados da ampla base utilizada.
Impactos e desafios do eSocial no ambiente contábil
Authors: Dallabona Lara Fabiana , Alves de Sousa Vigarani Nayara
Published: March 2024

Em um mundo cada vez mais tecnológico, o profissional contábil não pode ficar para trás, é necessário estar se atualizando constantemente. Um exemplo desse avanço é o eSocial, ferramenta criada pelo Governo Federal no projeto SPED, para envio de informações trabalhistas. Dessa forma, tanto o contador quanto os órgãos fiscalizadores precisaram se adequar a esta realidade e ao ambiente, tanto interno quanto externo. Assim, o estudo objetivou analisar a percepção dos contadores sobre os efeitos de variáveis contingenciais na implementação do eSocial. A amostra envolveu 103 contadores inscritos no CRC/SC, predominando o sexo feminino. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, entropia da informação e correlação de Pearson. Os resultados demonstram que a maioria dos respondentes concorda que seu ambiente de trabalho passou por reestruturação organizacional e mudanças culturais, mas não possuem certeza no que diz respeito ao impacto na implementação do eSocial por parte do governo ou ainda que ele está 100% preparado para gerir as informações geradas pelo eSocial. Em relação à variável contingencial tecnologia, os contadores acreditam que ela ajuda na comunicação entre a contabilidade e o Fisco, e na comunicação entre contabilidade e empresas, mas que a mesma também burocratiza em parte a implementação do eSocial. Ainda foi possível observar que não há concordância sobre a falta de aprimoramento tecnológico por parte do governo, e a maioria não acredita que o software contábil que utilizam ajude no envio do eSocial. Constatou-se uma relação média entre a variável contingencial que perfaz o ambiente e a implementação do eSocial. Assim como foi possível perceber uma relação média entre a variável contingencial tecnologia com a implementação do eSocial. Diante do exposto pode-se concluir que os fatores contingenciais, mesmo que de maneira moderada, e mesmo que por muitas vezes sem o conhecimento por parte dos profissionais contábeis, estão presentes nas contabilidades, especialmente na implementação do eSocial. Assim o estudo contribui com a escassez de pesquisas que vinculem teoria da contingência com o eSocial. E ainda, de maneira complementar contribui para que o governo veja pelos olhos dos profissionais contábeis quais foram suas principais dificuldades frente ao eSocial e a sua visão crítica sobre a gestão desses dados por parte do governo.
Impacts and challenges of eSocial in the accounting environment
Authors: Dallabona Lara Fabiana , Alves de Sousa Vigarani Nayara
Published: March 2024

In an increasingly technological world, accounting professionals cannot be left behind and must be constantly updated. An example of this advance is eSocial, a tool created by the Federal Government in the SPED project to submit labor information. Thus, both the accountant and the supervisory bodies needed to adapt to this reality and the internal and external environment. Thus, the study aimed to analyze the perception of accountants about the effects of contingency variables in the implementation of eSocial. The sample involved 103 accountants enrolled in the Regional Accounting Council of the state of Santa Catarina (CRC/SC), predominantly female. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, information entropy, and Pearson correlation. The results show that most respondents agree that their work environment has undergone organizational restructuring and cultural changes. Still, they are not sure about the impact of the implementation of eSocial by the government or that they are 100% prepared to manage the information generated by eSocial. Regarding the technology contingency variable, accountants believe it helps communicate between accounting and the tax authorities and between accounting and companies. Still, it also partly bureaucratizes the implementation of eSocial. It was also possible to observe that there is no agreement on the lack of technological improvement by the government, and most do not believe that the accounting software they use helps in submitting the eSocial. There was a mean relationship between the contingency variable that makes up the environment and the implementation of eSocial. It was possible to perceive a mean relationship between the technology contingency variable and the implementation of eSocial. Given the above, it can be concluded that contingency factors, even if moderately and even if often without the knowledge of accounting professionals, are present in accounting offices, especially in the implementation of eSocial. Thus, the study contributes to the scarcity of research linking contingency theory with eSocial. And yet, in a complementary way, it contributes to the government seeing through the eyes of accounting professionals what were their main difficulties with eSocial and their critical view of the government’s management of this data.
Long-term outcomes of combined treatment of primary resectable pancreatic head cancer in patients over 70 years
Authors: Zhukova L. G. , Izrailov R. E. , Semenov N. N. , Mikhnevich M. V. , Khatkov I. E.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To evaluate long-term oncological outcomes of pancreatoduodenectomy in resectable pancreatic head cancer in patients over 70 years of age.

   Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the Moscow Clinical Scientific Center registry revealed 63 patients aged > 70 years with resectable  pancreatic head cancer. In 2016–2023, these patients underwent pancreatoduodenectomy. Males accounted for 35 %, and the median age comprised 75 years. Stage II was diagnosed in 44.4 % of patients, stage I – in 31.7 %, and stage III – in 23.8 %. Median follow-up accounted for 34.5 months. The authors analyzed the effect of patient characteristics, tumor, perioperative data and method of surgery on overall survival.

   Results. Adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.005; HR 0.28, CI 0.115–0.62) and low preoperative albumin levels (p = 0.004; HR 0.203, CI 0.28–0.61) had a significant impact on overall survival. After open surgery, 56 % of patients did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy, after minimally invasive surgery – 15.4 % (p = 0.0001).

   Conclusion. Minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy reveals no negative effect on the oncological outcomes of treatment for resectable pancreatic head cancer in patients ≥ 70 years old. Adjuvant chemotherapy and hypoalbuminemia prior to surgery are considered to be statistically significant factors influencing overall survival. Minimally invasive techniques enable adjuvant chemotherapy to be administered to a larger number of patients compared to open intervention.
Assessment of quality of life in patients after surgery for pancreatic and periampullary malignancies. Systematic review
Authors: Khatkov I. E. , Izrailov R. E. , Tyutyunnik P. S. , Solovyev N. O.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To analyze the current methods of life quality assessment in patients undergoing surgical treatment for pancreatic and periampullary cancer, to study the influence of surgical treatment and postoperative complications on the quality of life.

   Materials and methods. The study involves a systematic review of the literature available in MEDLINE, Embase and e-Library electronic databases for 2015–2022. The methodology of the systematic review is reflected in the study protocol, designed according to PRISMA guidelines.

   Results. The systematic review embraces 26 studies including 4937 patients met the inclusion criteria. The present study examines design and objectives, survey forms, methods of surgical interventions and drug treatment, survey frequency and data collection methodology, risk of systematic error, etc.

   Conclusion. When choosing a survey form, most authors favored EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-PAN26. Even the most complex surgeries such as pancreaticoduodenal resection and pancreatectomy can provide a satisfactory quality of life. Many current studies appear methodologically-challenged thereby increasing the risk of systematic error and reducing the reliability of the data. The quality of life of patients in this category is to be further investigated, the optimal principles and methodology of such studies are to be standardized, in particular, in Russian healthcare system.
Endoscopic classification of major duodenal papilla adenomas
Authors: Starkov Yu. G. , Vagapov A. I. , Zamolodchikov R. D. , Dzhantukhanova S. V.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To introduce the developed endoscopic classification of major duodenal papilla adenomas.

   Materials and methods. In 2000–2023 period, 149 patients with neoplasms of the major duodenal papilla underwent comprehensive examinations and surgical interventions. 134 cases involved endoscopic removal of papilla tumors.

   Results. Radical removal of the major papilla adenoma was performed in 90.5 % of cases. 16.6 % of cases revealed complications as follows: postmanipulation pancreatitis in 10 (7.9 %) cases, bleeding in 7 (5.5 %), and duodenal perforation in 4 (3.1 %). 1–3 year follow-up period revealed residual adenomatous overgrowths in 9.5 % of cases. An endoscopic classification of major papilla adenomas was developed, thereby leading to a decrease in thecomplication and re-intervention rates. The classification enables the character of intraductal spread of adenomas to be specified and indications for their endoscopic excision to be determined.

   Conclusion. The developed endoscopic classification of major duodenal papilla adenomas contributes to selection of the most effective and safe method of surgical intervention. An application of the classification implies unification of an endoscopic description of the tumor and consistency in patient monitoring by different specialists.
Endoscopic ultrasound in diagnosis and treatment of choledocholithiasis in children
Authors: Solodinina E. N. , Fomicheva N. V. , Efremenkov A. M. , Zykin A. P. , Sokolov Y. Y. , Ananyev D. P.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To evaluate the informativeness of endoscopic ultrasound examination in children with suspected choledocholithiasis.

   Materials and methods. The study enrolled 20 patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. All patients underwent endoscopic ultrasound. Patient follow-up ranged from 4 to 14 months.

   Results. Endoscopic ultrasound proved to be informative in all patients and determined the treatment tactics in 10 patients. In 1 observation, the results of endoscopic ultrasound allowed for omitting endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography as well as surgery. No complications were reported during the diagnostic examination.

   Conclusion. Endoscopic ultrasound is considered to be an informative and safe method in adults as well as in children. High efficiency in detecting gallstones enabled unnecessary and traumatic surgical interventions to be avoided. Assessment of anatomic features of the ductal system during endoscopic ultrasound serves as a significant factor for safer transpapillary surgeries.
Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Parfenchikova E. V. , Orlova M. V. , Melehina O. V. , Kovalenko D. D. , Kim V. A. , Baychorov M. E. , Shchadrova V. V. , Tsvirkun V. V.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To present the first experience of EUS-guided radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of patients with functioning neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas.

   Materials and methods. Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation was performed in 2 patients with insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreatic head and clinical picture of organic hyperinsulinism. The radiofrequency ablation system includes a 19-gauge needle electrode to be conducted through the forceps aperture, a generator and an intraelectrode cooling system.

   Results. The efficacy of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation in the cases presented above appears to be clinically proven. The outcomes include stabilization of the blood glucose level, a complete elimination of hypoglycemia-associated clinical symptoms. Both observations reveal no complications after the procedure.

   Conclusion. EUS-guided radiofrequency ablation appears to possess a potential for wider application as a minimally invasive intervention, thus introducing an alternative to surgical treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas. An experience of EUS-guided radiofrequency ablation is worth to be accumulated and outcomes of the method application to be analyzed on a larger number of clinical observations.
Diagnostic and therapeutic cholangioscopy performed by various accesses to the bile ducts
Authors: Nedoluzhko I. Yu. , Kulezneva Y. V. , Grishina E. A. , Shishin K. V.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To summarize data, define indications and estimate outcomes of cholangioscopy performed by various accesses to the bile ducts.

   Materials and methods. In the period of 2017–2024, 68 cholangioscopies were performed in 24 (35.3 %) men and 44 (64.7 %) women. The age of patients ranged from 18 to 85 years (mean age comprises 61 years). 10 (14.7 %) cholangioscopies were performed by retrograde access, 42 (61.8 %) by antegrade access, and 16 (23.5 %) were performed intraoperatively.

   Results. The total amount of interventions include 21 (30.9 %) lithoextractions, 16 (23.5 %) targeted biopsies, 12 (17.6 %) recanalizations of anastomosis strictures, and 1 (1.79 %) case involved a retrieval of the “lost” bile duct stent. In 7 (10.3 %) cases cholangioscopy failed due to a small diameter of the bile ducts.

   Conclusion. Contemporary minimally invasive endoscopic methods considerably enlarge the possibilities for treatment of complex lesions of the bile ducts. Antegrade cholangioscopy contributes to a wider application of modern technologies for direct examination of the bile ducts and to expansion of the range of therapeutic manipulations. The introduction of antegrade cholangioscopy avoids extensive traumatic reconstructive interventions with their potential risk of complications.
First experience of endoscopic radiofrequency ablation in tumor-induced stenosis of extrahepatic bile ducts
Authors: Malikhova O. A. , Starkov Yu. G. , Lozovaya V. V. , Vodoleev A. S. , Gusarova O. A. , Malikhov A. G. , Gonchar E. V. , Tumanyan A. O. , Vagapov A. I.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To evaluate technical features, safety and efficiency of radiofrequency ablation in tumor strictures of extrahepatic bile ducts.

   Materials and methods. An ongoing prospective observational study from September 2022 to June 2023 enrolled patients with unresectable extrahepatic bile duct tumors. Examination involved esophagogastroduodenoscopy, endoscopic ultrasound, retrograde cholangiopancreatography and video choledochoscopy with biopsy. Ductalradiofrequency ablation with polymeric or self-expanding metallic stent placement was applied as the main treatment method for the first time in Russia.

   Results. 3 patients (75 %) were diagnosed with cholangiocarcinoma of stage IIb–IIIa, 1 patient – with mucinous cystic tumor with signs of severe intraepithelial neoplasia. Radiofrequency ablation was successfully performed in all patients: tumor stenosis was completely eliminated, no complications reported in the immediate and distant period. The median follow-up period amounted to 8 months.

   Conclusion. The results of the first application of ductal radiofrequency ablation in unresectable tumors of extrahepatic bile ducts with stenosis prove to be positive. The method is considered to be effective, minimally invasive and safe.
Prevention and treatment of severe complications after radical surgery for portal cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Efanov M. G. , Zamanov E. N. , Alikhanov R. B. , Andreyashkina I. I. , Vankovich A. N. , Koroleva A. A. , Tarakanov P. V. , Kovalenko D. E. , Fisenko D. V. , Yakovenko I. Y. , Tsvirkun V. V. , Khatkov I. E.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To develop the concept of prevention and treatment of severe complications after radical surgery for portal cholangiocarcinoma based on a comparative analysis of two periods of the surgical treatment program.

   Materials and methods. The study involved an analysis of multidisciplinary treatment of patients with portal cholangiocarcinoma for 8 years (2013–2020). The study consisted of two stages: program formation in 2013–2018 and evaluation of results in 2019–2020.

   Results. 140 patients with portal cholangiocarcinoma underwent radical or relatively radical surgery: 94 patients in the first period and 46 patients in the second period. 35 pairs of observations were formed by means of propensity score matching. In the second period, the incidence of Clavien-Dindo grade IV and V complications, CCI>40 index, duration of stay in the intensive care unit, and 90-day mortality significantly decreased. Proven reasons for the improvements included more thorough preparation of patients for the resection stage of treatment, elimination of clinical and laboratory manifestations of biliary drainage complications, careful invasive monitoring of fluid accumulations, and prevention of cholangitis.

   Conclusion. Maximum compensation of inflammatory and trophic disorders, elimination of jaundice, prevention and early elimination of complications as a result of their prognosis and monitoring at all stages of treatment reliably improve the immediate results of radical surgery for portal cholangiocarcinoma.
Mothering an Australian dynasty: brood provisioning in Haploscapanes barbarossa (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Dynastini)
Authors:   Queensland Museum, Monteith Geoff , Allsopp Peter
Published: March 2024

Females of the Australian dynastine beetle Haploscapanes barbarossa (Fabricius, 1775) excavate burrows and provision them with food for young larvae. Larvae consume that food, but not enough is provided for the larva to complete development. In northern Queensland, some of the partially developed larvae move to adjacent burrows of the cockroach Macropanesthia rhinoceros Saussure, 1895, where they feed on the considerable organic material, including leaf material and cockroach frass, that builds up in these chambers up to 1 m below the surface. In other areas of northern Australia, there are no burrowing cockroaches, so the larvae must find other food sources after the early stages.
Linking renal hypoxia and oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease: Based on clinical subjects and animal models
Authors: Xu Yizeng , Lu Fang , Wang Meng , Wang Lingchen , Ye Chaoyang , Yang Shuohui , Wang Chen
Published: March 2024

The prevalence of chronic hypoxia and oxidative stress plays a key role in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the underlying correlations between them need further elucidation. This study aims to explore the relationships between renal function, hypoxia, and oxidative stress in CKD. Seventy-six non-dialysis patients with CKD stages 1-5 and eight healthy subjects were included in the clinical research. They were divided into three groups: healthy subjects, CKD stages 1-3, and CKD stages 4-5. In the animal study, 16 rat models of CKD were established through 5/6 renal ablation/infarction (A/I) surgery, and 8 normal rats were split into 3 groups: Sham, CKD, and losartan groups. Blood oxygenation level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) was used to measure cortical and medullary T2* values (COT2* and MET2*) in all subjects and rats to evaluate renal oxygenation. Biochemical indicators were used to assess renal function and antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, the effects of losartan on renal fibrosis, hypoxia, and oxidative stress were examined using immunoblotting, colorimetric, and fluorometric assays. The results demonstrated significant positive associations between COT2* and MET2* with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Patients with CKD stages 4-5 showed significantly lower serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, which also had positive correlations with eGFR, COT2*, and MET2*. Furthermore, losartan treatment resulted in improved renal function and fibrosis, leading to increased levels of COT2*, MET2*, and SOD levels in 5/6 A/I rats. This was accompanied by reduced levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and malondialdehyde. Furthermore, losartan restored the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and suppressed the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) in 5/6 A/I kidneys. The study indicates that decline in renal oxygenation and antioxidant capacity is associated with the severity of renal failure in CKD. Losartan can potentially alleviate renal hypoxia and oxidative stress in the treatment of CKD via Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Influencia de la variedad y del método de conservación en los compuestos bioactivos de la pulpa y cáscara de cereza de café (Coffea arabica)
Authors: Barragán-Condori Melquiades , Carrión-Sánchez Hilka Mariela , Pumacallahui-Salcedo Eliseo , Casafranca-Vásquez Rubén , Márquez-Romero Fanny Rosario , Quispe-Gutiérrez Ulises Sandro , Huamaní-Meléndez Víctor Justiniano
Published: March 2024

En el procesamiento del café se generan residuos orgánicos, como la cáscara y pulpa de cereza de café, que no son aprovechados y, consecuentemente, impactan en el medio ambiente. Considerando el aprovechamiento de estos residuos, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la presencia de componentes bioactivos en pigmentos extraídos de la pulpa y cáscara de cerezas de café, de las variedades Catimor y Typica, así también, comparar el impacto de métodos de conservación de estos residuos (in natura, seco y congelado), sobre el contenido de antocianinas totales (CAT), polifenoles totales (PFT) y la capacidad antioxidante. Los pigmentos de la cáscara y pulpa de café fueron extraídos con metanol acidificado, y posteriormente, fueron determinados los espectros que corresponden a compuestos antociânicos, por espectroscopia UV-Visible y FTIR-ATR. Valores de CAT fueron determinados mediante el método pH diferencial, los PFT a través del método Folin-Ciocalteu, y la capacidad antioxidante con el método 2,2-Difenil-1-Picrilhidrazilo (DPPH). Los resultados obtenidos para cáscara y pulpa: in natura, seca y congelada, de las variedades Catimor y Typica, revelan que el CAT muestra un rango de 35,16-10,16 mg cianidina 3-G/100g, el contenido de PFT de 1971,10-247,12 mg ácido gálico/100 g y la capacidad antioxidante por DPPH de 33,73-16,07 µmol trolox/g respectivamente. Los residuos secos de la variedad Catimor presentaron mayor actividad antioxidante, seguido de residuos in natura y congelados sin diferencia significativa entre ambos. De esta manera, los residuos del procesamiento del café poseen alto potencial agroindustrial como fuente de colorante natural.
Plantas medicinales del área del Ecomuseo del Cerrado, Brasil
Authors: Imaña-Encinas José , Riesco-Muñoz Guillermo , Vasconcelos de Oliveira Daniela
Published: March 2024

Entre los productos forestales no madereros, las plantas medicinales han sido muy útiles para combatir diversidad de dolencias del hombre, dado que contienen sustancias con poder curativo. La obtención de estas sustancias naturales y otras artificiales mediante química de síntesis ha aumentado el interés de la industria farmacéutica hacia las plantas medicinales proveedoras de principios activos naturales para la obtención de medicamentos. Los ecosistemas de mayor biodiversidad florística de la Tierra, entre los que se encuentra el bioma Cerrado (sabana), del Estado de Goiás (Brasil), acogen gran número de especies de plantas medicinales, cuyo potencial curativo no puede ser ignorado ni desaprovechado. Por ello, se hace necesario conocer cuáles de estas especies alberga este territorio, de forma a favorecer tanto a su protección como su aprovechamiento racional. Para contribuir a ese conocimiento, se realizó una extensa revisión bibliográfica, en centros de información vinculados con la farmacología, acerca de 24 especies de plantas medicinales existentes en el Ecomuseo del Cerrado. Se presentan las propiedades de las especies investigadas, que en su mayoría podrían formar parte de la terapéutica sobre afecciones hepáticas, del aparato digestivo y de las vías respiratorias.
Análisis de la convergencia de la productividad de la soja (Glycine max L.) en la región oriental del Paraguay (2007-2018)
Authors: Mujica Alonso Fátima Luz María , Benítez Rodríguez Ángel Manuel , Riveros Ulises , Enciso Víctor , González Jorge
Published: March 2024

El artículo investiga la productividad de la soja, fundamental en la economía nacional por ser el principal producto de exportación. Entre 2007 y 2018, se evaluó la productividad en departamentos de la región oriental para determinar patrones de convergencia. Se aplicaron análisis espaciales y modelos econométricos para relacionar la productividad inicial con su crecimiento a lo largo del tiempo. Los resultados muestran una influencia significativa entre departamentos vecinos, indicando una posible convergencia absoluta en la productividad de la soja. Además, se identificaron factores no considerados que pueden influir en este proceso, lo que sugiere la presencia de dependencia espacial. Estos hallazgos respaldan la importancia de comprender los patrones de productividad en la región para la toma de decisiones económicas.
Desarrollo de la ciencia del suelo en el Paraguay. Antecedentes pedagógicos y algunos aspectos técnicos
Authors: Encina Rojas Arnulfo , López Gorostiaga Oscar , Alonso Jara Patrocinio , Moreno Servin Gerardo , Fatecha Augusto , Silvero José Manuel
Published: March 2024

Conocer y comprender el desarrollo histórico de una disciplina académica, permite identificar con mayor claridad su avance a futuro. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es presentar una breve descripción del proceso histórico que ha experimentado el desarrollo de la Ciencia del Suelo en el Paraguay. Metodológicamente se basó en la revisión e indagación de materiales bibliográficos y entrevistas a expertos nacionales afines a la Ciencia del Suelo. El abordaje histórico, incluye la revisión y análisis en cuanto a la implementación y enseñanza de la Ciencia del Suelo en el Paraguay; asimismo, se revisó el proceso histórico para la instalación de los primeros Laboratorios de suelo, además de la consolidación de la Asociación científica de la ciencia del suelo en el Paraguay. Como resultados, la educación de la Ciencia del Suelo en el Paraguay tiene muy importantes avances, especialmente incorporando expertos capacitados tanto en universidades del extranjero, así como en universidades nacionales. También hubo mejoría sustancial en la cantidad y calidad de Laboratorios de Suelos, responsables de facilitar los estudios de suelos en el país. Así mismo se consiguió resultados importantes en los estudios de suelos. En el campo gremial se ha logrado avanzar con la creación de la Sociedad Paraguaya de Ciencia del Suelo (SOPACIS).
Eficacia biológica del glifosato en la desecación de Brachiaria ruziziensis con coadyuvantes basados en compuestos naturales
Authors: Neufeld Robert
Published: March 2024

El uso del glifosato en la agricultura es de fundamental importancia para la conservación del suelo al evitar la utilización del arado para el control de malezas. Los coadyuvantes como surfactantes y reductores de pH pueden aumentar la eficacia del herbicida. Últimamente, entre los productores locales, se observa el uso de coadyuvantes de origen natural, resultantes de procesos de fermentación y/o condensación, en combinación con el glifosato, presuntamente posibilitando el control de malezas con dosis de glifosato reducidas. En este estudio se comparó la eficacia de dos coadyuvantes basados en compuestos naturales, el Ácido Piroleñoso (AP) y una solución producto de fermentación de hierbas, con diferentes dosis de glifosato, con un surfactante y reductor de pH comercial. Los resultados muestran la capacidad de reducción de pH de ambos coadyuvantes de origen natural, pero una tendencia de reducción de eficacia del glifosato para el AP y antagonismo con el glifosato para la solución producto de fermentación de hierbas, en comparación con el producto comercial. Según el conocimiento del autor, este es el primer reporte en la literatura científica del uso del AP como coadyuvante del glifosato.
Producción semillera y forrajera del Kumanda yvyra’i (Cajanus cajan) sometido a diferentes dosis de fertilización orgánica en suelo Ultisol
Authors: Gaona Cabañas María Mercedes , Ocampos Olmedo Diego Avilio , Paniagua Alcaraz Pedro Luis
Published: March 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la producción de semillas y la capacidad de oferta forrajera de calidad del Kumanda yvyra’i (Cajanus cajan L.) sometido a diferentes dosis de fertilización orgánica. Fue utilizado el diseño de bloques completos al azar (DBCA) con arreglo de parcelas subdividas con cuatro tratamientos y tres repeticiones. Los tratamientos consistieron en un testigo (0 kg ha-1), y tres dosis crecientes de gallinaza (5.000, 10.000 y 15.000 kg ha-1). Las variables evaluadas fueron altura de plantas (AP), masa verde (MV), masa seca (MS), cantidad de plantas (CP), número de vainas (NV), masa de vaina fresca y seco (PVf y PVs), producción de semillas (PS). No se observaron diferencias significativas entre las variables evaluadas, exceptuando para MV y MS, donde al nivel de 5.000 kg de gallinaza (T1), se observó la mayor producción (34.533,3 kg.MV ha-1 y 17.642,1 kg.MS ha-1) diferenciándose de los demás tratamientos (promedio: 24.925 kg.MV ha-1 y 13.890,6 kg.MS ha-1) y el testigo (24.050,0 kg.MV ha-1 y 13.134,5 kg.MS ha-1). En cuanto las demás variables; los promedios observados fueron los siguientes, AP: 2,12 m (S) y 2,10 m (F), CP: 19,4 pl m-2 (S) y 22,3 pl/m2 (F), NV: 800,9 vainas/m2 y 43,4 vainas/pl, PVf: 3946,7 kg ha-1 y PVs: 3694,4 kg ha-1, PS: 972.222,2 semillas ha-1. La fertilización orgánica no afecta significativamente las variables de altura y cantidad de plantas. La dosis de 5.000 kg ha-1 incrementó la materia verde y seca, en la producción semillera no se observaron diferencias estadísticas significativas en las variables evaluadas.
Desempenho agronômico da aveia preta conduzida com semeadura a lanço e em linha
Authors: Wegner Kunz Douglas , Peixoto Rosa Cassiano , Steffler Andersson Daniel , Kemper Back Patrícia Inês , Grellman Daiane Karina , Senh Talia Talita , Leite Jonas Felipe , Guerra Divanilde
Published: March 2024

A aveia preta (Avena strigosa S.) é uma excelente planta forrageira, além de atuar no sistema de rotação e sucessão de culturas. Nas últimas décadas, os programas de melhoramento genético de aveia tem atuado de forma intensa na seleção de materiais mais responsivos a pragas e doenças, além de buscar maior produtividade de massa e grãos. Contudo, estes novos materiais precisam ser testados com relação ao desempenho agronômico em diferentes sistemas de semeadura. Diante da importância da cultura, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico da aveia preta conduzida com dois métodos de semeadura. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em blocos ao acaso em arranjo fatorial 2x2, com dois métodos de semeadura (a lanço e na linha) e duas cultivares (UPFA 21 Moreninha e EMBRAPA 139), com cinco repetições, em área útil de 7,15 m2 por parcela. Sessenta dias após a semeadura, as cultivares foram avaliadas quanto à altura de planta, produção de Fitomassa Fresca Total (FFT) e Fitomassa Seca Total (FST). Os resultados indicam diferenças estatísticas significativas na produção de FFT e FST entre as cultivares e entre os métodos de semeadura, sendo a cultivar UPFA 21 - Moreninha mais produtiva, além desta apresentar melhores resultados no sistema de semeadura em linha. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas na altura de planta entre os tratamentos avaliados. Porém, a semeadura em linha permitiu maior produção de FFT e FST para a cultivar UPFA 21 - Moreninha.
Seroprevalence of Canine Toxocariasis in Three Rural Areas of Fars Province, Southern Iran
Authors: Pouryousef Ali , Hashemi Seyyed Mohammad , Omidian Mostafa , Mikaeili Fattaneh , Sarkari Bahador
Published: March 2024

Background: Toxocara canis is one of the most important causes of animal toxocariasis with global distribution. We aimed to find out the seroprevalence of toxocariasis in dogs in a rural area in Fars Province, south of Iran.
Methods: Dogs blood samples were collected from 60 dogs in three rural areas in the Sar Mashhad region, Fars Province. Dog sera were evaluated for anti-Toxocara antibodies by an indirect ELISA method. The association between the seropositivity and age, gender, and the sampling location were statistically evaluated.
Results: Serological assay detected anti-Toxocara antibodies in sera of 32 out of 60 dogs, corresponding to a seroprevalence of 53.3%. The rate of seropositivity was higher in the male dogs.  The rate of seropositivity was higher in old dogs. This rate increased with increasing age, however, the association between age and Toxocara seropositivity was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of Toxocara infection in dogs in the current study area confirms that infected dogs are an important source of Toxocara infection for their owners and people who are in close contact with these animals, especially children.
A Troublesome Complication of Hydatid Cysts; Intra-abdominal Rupture: A 10-Year Study from a High-Volume Center
Authors: Yönder Hüseyin , Berhuni Mehmet Sait , Elkan Hasan , Özgönül Abdullah , Bertan Ahmet , Kaplan Vedat , Uzunköy Ali
Published: March 2024

Background: Hydatid cyst is a parasitic infection, often caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Although it is classified as a benign disease, cyst ruptures in the abdomen can be fatal. Ruptures occur spontaneously or after trauma. We aimed to report data from patients who underwent emergency surgery due to spontaneous intra-abdominal hydatid cyst rupture.
Methods: Upon a retrospective review of the records at Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey, we found that 34 cases were operated on due to hydatid cyst rupture between January 2012 and October 2022. All patients were operated on in an emergency, and partial cystectomy, intra-abdominal irrigation, and drainage were performed using laparotomy. The patients were evaluated in terms of age, sex, symptoms, radiological findings, laboratory results, intraoperative findings, and postoperative follow-ups.
Results: Twenty-two (64.7%) female and 12 (35.3%) male patients were enrolled. The mean age was 39.1 (±17.58) years. All patients experienced spontaneous rupture. The ruptured cyst was found in the liver in 32 patients (94%), the spleen in 1 patient (3%), and the pelvis in 1 patient (3%). The diagnosis was determined using ultrasonography in 12 (35.3%) patients, computed tomography in 21 (61.8%) patients, and magnetic resonance imaging in 1 (2.9%) patient. All patients exhibited acute abdomen and leukocytosis. The average length of hospital stay was 5.14 (±1.37) days.
Conclusion: Hydatid cyst rupture should be considered in cases of acute abdomen, particularly in regions where the disease is endemic, as in our region. The ruptured hydatid cyst was primarily observed in the liver (94.11% of cases).
Molecular Genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in Humans in the Yazd County, Central of Iran
Authors: Hezardastan Elaheh , Bafghi Ali Fattahi , Eslami Gilda , Vakili Mahmoud
Published: March 2024

Background: We aimed to investigate the molecular genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in Humans in the Yazd County, Central, Iran.
Methods: Total of 35 fecal samples were collected from patients referred to Yazd Central Laboratory, Yazd, Iran from February to July 2022. All the samples were included in this study after microscopic observation of G. duodenalis. DNA samples were extracted using related kit and were analyzed by Nano Drop. The molecular assessment was carried out using semi-nested PCR using the target gene of gdh. All amplified samples were sequenced using Sanger method. BLAST analyzed the sequences for assemblage identification.   
Results: Out of 35 samples, 24 (68.57%) and 11 (31.43%) were male and female, respectively. All included samples were amplified using the specific gdh primer pair. The molecular analysis showed 17 isolates (48.57%) as assemblage BIV, 8 isolates (22.86%) as assemblage BIII, 6 isolates (17.14%) as assemblage AII and 4 isolates (11.43%) as assemblage AIII (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Assemblages A and B are the most prevalent in Central Iran. The molecular identification of G. duodenalis isolates from animals and implementing control programs
Intestinal Parasitic Infections in People Referring to the Central Laboratory of Meshkin Shahr County, Ardabil Province, Iran
Authors: Asadi Pooria , Zarei Zabihollah , Mohebali Mehdi , Alizadeh Zahra , Najafi Faezeh , Izadi Shahrokh , Heidari Zahra
Published: March 2024

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are still a considerable global public health problem. We aimed to determine the frequency of intestinal parasitic infections among people referring to the central laboratory of Meshkin Shahr City, Ardabil Province, Iran.
Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, 460 fecal samples were collected randomly from persons referred to the central laboratory of Meshkin Shahr City, from January to June 2022. The samples were examined by direct wet-mount, Trichrome and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining, formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation, and agar plate culture.
Results: The frequency of intestinal parasites was 15.7% (72 out of 460 cases), with some people with numerous intestinal parasites. The frequency of protozoan infections (13.9%) was higher than the helminthic infections (2.6%). Blastocystis spp. (8.1%) was the most prevalent detected intestinal protozoan. Entamoeba coli (5.7%), Dicrocoelium dendriticum (2.2%), Giardia lamblia (1.5%), Fasciola spp. (0.2%), and Hymenolepis nana (0.2%) were other detected parasites.
Conclusion: In- spite of betterment of the health condition in Iran and reduction of parasitic infection, intestinal parasitic infections are still a considerable public health issue in some parts of Iran.