bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of four potential hematologic biomarkers for the diagnosis of Crohn's Disease
Authors: Wang Minghui , Zhao Yeyu , Wan Qin-si
Published: May 2022

Objective
Diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) is often challenging and remains an urgent need for new diagnose options. This study aimed to identify new serological biomarkers and explored the role of these markers in the diagnosis of CD .
Method
Gene expression profiles in CD and normal for tissue and peripheral blood were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by R software. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), gene ontology(GO) enrichment and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) analysis were performed to inspect the functional annotation of these DEGs. The overlapping DEGs that were up-/down-regulated both in the tissue and blood sample were used to develop diagnose model. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the model's performance.
Result
A total of 224 DEGs were identified between CD and normal tissue samples from the datasets GSE126124, GSE95095 and GSE16879. Enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs are mostly enriched in humoral immune response, regulation of inflammatory response, granulocyte migration, cell chemotaxis, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, complement coagulation cascades. Six haematologic/tissular-specific expressed genes(PDZK1IP1, STAT1, PI3, VAV1, PTGDS and LAIR2) were identified from the GSE119600 datasets. A proposed model with STAT1, PI3 ,VAV1 and PTGDS achieved 86.3% accuracy, 91.0% sensitivity and 77.1% specificity in the training set. The model also displayed good discriminative power with 96.4% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity in the validation set.
Conclusion
This work identified four genes as potential hematologic biomarkers of CD. The proposed model showed good performance which would be helpful for the early diagnosis of CD.
High expression of COL1A1 exaggerates bone metastasis in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer and is potential to serve as a novel therapeutic target
Authors: Tan Yujing , Fan Ying
Published: May 2022

Bone metastasis accounts for a frequent complication in advanced estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, with staggeringly high percentage up to 70%. However, our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying bone metastasis remains insufficient. In our study, 216 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to bone metastasis in ER + breast cancer were screened out. Enrichment analysis showed that, DEGs were enriched in construction of tumor microenvironment, including extracellular matrix, cell adhesion molecules and blood vessel development. In-depth analysis was performed on 4 dominant overlapped genes to investigate their functional feasibility in immune regulation, prognosis and pharmacological application. The expression of COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1 and SPARC was elevated in bone metastasis evolution and potentially associated with poor prognosis, but with no statistical significance. Halofuginone targeted on COL1A1 was pharmacologically inhibit progress of bony metastasis. Our results indicated that, high expression of COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1 and SPARC could be served as biomarkers for bone metastasis screening, and halofuginone could be developed for new therapeutic option after further clinical investigation.
Efficacy of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for cancer prognosis in elderly patients with colon cancer: A single center propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Tominaga Tetsuro , Nonaka Takashi , Oyama Shosaburo , Takamura Yuma , Hashimoto Shintaro , Shiraishi Toshio , Sawai Terumitsu , Nagayasu Takeshi
Published: May 2022

Background
The prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been studied for several cancers, including colon cancer. Elderly patients in general tend to have comorbidities, poor performance status, and decreased organ function that potentially influence the NLR score. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between NLR and cancer prognosis in elderly patients with colon cancer, using a propensity score-matched analysis.
Methods
A total of 203 patients aged over 75 years who underwent curative resection for colon cancer and were diagnosed pathologically with stage II/III disease were eligible for entry to the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to NLR score: NLR-High (NLR ≥ 4.5) group (NLR-H, n = 60) and NLR-Low (NLR < 4.5) group (NLR-L, n = 143). After propensity score matching, 57 patients in each group were matched.
Results
Before matching, ASA-PS (p = 0.002) and the presence of comorbidities (80.0% vs. 58.1%, p = 0.003) were significantly poor in the NLR-H group. After matching, all factors were similar between the groups. The median follow-up period was 43 months (range, 1–160 months). The 5-year RFS was significantly lower in the NLR-H group (65.6% vs. 85.8%, p = 0.001) after matching. The 5-year relapse-free-survival (69.8% vs. 87.3%, p = 0.030) and cancer-specific-survival (83.0% vs. 96.0%, p = 0.042) were significantly lower in the NLR-H group.
Conclusions
NLR appears to be a prognostic marker in elderly patients with colon cancer.
Abnormal patterns of sleep and waking behaviors are accompanied by increased slow gamma power in an Ank3 mouse model of epilepsy-bipolar disorder comorbidity
Authors: Lopez Angel , Villacres Juan , Riveira Nicholas , Kim Sohmee , Colgin Laura , Noebels Jeffery
Published: May 2022

ANK3 is a leading bipolar disorder candidate gene in humans. Previous studies showed that deletion of Ank3-1b, a bipolar disorder (BD)-associated variant of Ank3 in mice leads to increased firing threshold and diminished action potential dynamic range of parvalbumin (PV)-interneurons and absence epilepsy, thus providing a biological mechanism linking epilepsy and BD. To better understand the impact of defective PV interneurons on network activity and behavior in these mice, we examined spectral EEG correlates of behaviors seen in Ank3-1b knockout (KO) mice during home-cage activity using paired video-EEG recordings. Since PV-interneurons contribute to the generation of high frequency gamma oscillations, we anticipated changes in the power of EEG signals in the gamma frequency range (> 25 Hz) during behavioral deficits related to human BD symptoms, including abnormal sleep and activity levels. Ank3-1b KO mice exhibited an overall increase in slow gamma (~25-45 Hz) power compared to controls, and slow gamma power correlated with seizure phenotype severity across behaviors. During sleep, increased slow gamma power correlated with decreases in time spent in the rapid eye movement (REM) stage of sleep. Seizures were more common during REM sleep compared to non-REM (NREM) sleep. We also found that Ank3-1b KO mice were hyperactive and exhibited a repetitive behavior phenotype that correlated with increased slow gamma power. Our results identify a novel EEG biomarker associating Ank3 genetic variation with BD and suggest modulation of gamma oscillations as a potential therapeutic target.
Regulation, the Hybrid Market, and Species Conservation – The Case of Conservation Banking in California
Authors: Grimm Marie
Published: May 2022

Conservation Banking in California is a long-established offset program. Banks are hybrid instruments that hover between market autonomy and regulatory oversight. Challenges that may affect program success include aligning regulation with the scales and objectives of the hybrid market and conservation and interaction with other compensation instruments. I use an analytical framework combining social-ecological fit (does the regulation fit the spatial, functional, and temporal scales of the market or conservation?) and instrument interaction (are compensation instruments redundant, synergetic, etc.?) to analyze the institutional framework of the conservation banking program. Results show that the program fails to reflect the hybrid market or species conservation objectives, creating a social-ecological mismatch. The institutional framework disincentivizes banking, while its success in conserving species cannot be measured. Competing and redundant instruments can lead to weaker compensation. The program needs equal standards that reflect conservation objectives for all compensation instruments. Findings on fit can be useful for other banking programs, and considerations on instrument interaction could improve offsets anywhere.
Assessing Burnout Among Obstetrics & Gynecology Residents During Night Float Versus Day Float in a Large Academic Hospital
Authors: Tarrash Miriam , Nelson David , Gabbur Nagaraj , Goldberg Gary L.
Published: May 2022

Background
The prevalence estimates of burnout among residents vary widely. Residents experiencing symptoms of burnout are at an increased risk of delivering suboptimal patient care and contributing to an increase in medical errors.
Objective
To determine the differences in burnout among residents working night rotations versus day rotations.
Methods
All residents in a large OB/GYN residency program were asked to complete the Maslach Burnout Inventory after the first rotation of the academic year in 2018, 2019, and 2020. The scores for each of the three aspects of the Maslach Burnout Inventory: burnout, depersonalization, and personal achievement, were then separated into night and day rotations.
Results
A total of 76 responses were received, 13 from residents on night rotations and 63 from residents on day rotations with a response rate of 61.8%. Comparing resident responses for a night versus day rotation, the residents averaged a low level of burnout (a score of 17) on day shift, compared to a moderate level of burnout (a score of 18) on nights.
Conclusions
Residents averaged a low level of burnout and moderate level of personal achievement on day shift, compared to a moderate level of burnout on nights and a low level of personal achievement on nights. Although there was no difference in depersonalization when comparing the day and night shift, 45% of the responses indicated high levels of depersonalization regardless of the type of shift. These results highlight the need to continue efforts to minimize burnout in medical training.
Antimicrobial Activity of Walnut Leaf Extract against Gram-Negative Bacteria
Authors: Badiefar Leila , Bozcheloie Zahra Soleimani , Rodriguez-Couto Susana
Published: May 2022

Nowadays, hospital-acquired infections caused by multidrug resistant bacterial strains are of great concern. Thus, the development of alternative natural antimicrobial compounds is more necessary than ever. Walnut (Juglans regia L,) leaves are an easily available source of natural compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Due to these particular features, we evaluated the antimicrobial effect of the walnut. leaf methanolic extract at three different concentrations (30, 50 and 100 mg/L) against the two clinical strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli using the disc diffusion method. The results showed that both clinical strains were sensitive to all the extract concentrations tested. However, the diameter of the inhibition zone corresponding to 100 mg/L of extract concentration for P. aeruginosa was smaller than that for E. coli. These results demonstrate the potential of walnut leaves as an economical alternative source of antimicrobial agents.
Biologically Feasible Generative Networks and Evolutionary Learning
Authors: Dolgikh Serge
Published: May 2022

Representations play an essential role in the learning of artificial and biological systems due to their capacity to identify characteristic patterns in the sensory environment. In this work we examined latent representations of several sets of images, such as basic geometric shapes and handwritten digits, produced by generative models in the process of unsupervised generative learning. A biologically feasible neural network architecture based on bi-directional synaptic connection equivalent in training and processing to a symmetrical autoencoder was proposed and defined. It was demonstrated that conceptual representations with good decoupling of concept regions can be produced with generative models of minimal complexity; and that incremental evolution of architecture can result in improved ability to learn data of increasing conceptual complexity, including realistic images such as handwritten digits. The results presented in this work demonstrate the potential of conceptual latent representations produced in unsupervised generative learning as a natural platform for conceptual modeling of the sensory environment and possibly, other intelligent behaviors.
Divergence of biocrust active bacterial communities in the Negev Desert during a hydration-desiccation cycle
Authors: Baubin Capucine , Ran Noya , Siebner Hagar , Gillor Osnat
Published: May 2022

Rain events in arid environments are highly unpredictable and intersperse extended periods of drought. Therefore, tracking changes in desert soil bacterial communities during rain events, in the field was seldom attempted. Here, we assessed rain-mediated dynamics of active bacterial communities in the Negev Desert biological soil crust (biocrust). Biocrust samples were collected before, during, and after a heavy rainfall; we evaluated the changes in active bacterial composition, potential function, photosynthetic activity, and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) production. We hypothesized that rain would activate the biocrust phototrophs (mainly Cyanobacteria), while desiccation would inhibit their activity. In contrast, the biocrust Actinobacteria would decline during rewetting and revive with desiccation. Our results showed that hydration increased chlorophyll content and EPS production. As expected, biocrust rewetting activated Cyanobacteria, which replaced the former dominant Actinobacteria, boosting potential autotrophic functions. However, desiccation of the biocrust did not immediately change the bacterial composition or potential function and was followed by a delayed decrease in chlorophyll and EPS levels. This dramatic shift in the community upon rewetting led to modifications in the ecosystem services. We propose that following a rain event, the response of the active bacterial community lagged behind the biocrust water content due to the production of EPS which delayed desiccation and temporarily sustained the biocrust community activity.
Impact of presence, level and closure of a stoma on growth in young children: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Schattenkerk Laurens D. Eeftinck , Vogel Irene , Jong Justin R. , Tanis Pieter J. , Gorter Ramon R. , Tabbers Merit M. , Heurn Ernest LW , Musters Gijs D. , Derikx Joep PM
Published: May 2022

IntroductionA stoma will cause nutrients loss which could result in impaired growth. Impaired growth can negatively impact long-term development. This study aims to evaluate: 1) the effect of stomas on growth comparing small bowel stoma versus colostomy, 2) if early closure (within 6 weeks), proximal small bowel stoma (within 50 centimeters of Treitz), major small bowel resection (≥30 centimeters) or adequate sodium supplementation (urinary level ≤30mmol/L) influence growth. MethodsYoung children (≤3 years) treated with stomas between 1998-2018 were retrospectively identified. Growth was measured with weight-for-age Z-scores. Malnourishment was defined using the WHO-definition. Comparison between changes in Z-scores at closure and a year following closure was done by Friedman-test with post-hoc-Wilcoxon-signed-rank-test or Wilcoxon-rank-sum-test when necessary. ResultsIn the presence of a stoma, 61% showed growth decline. Severe malnourishment was seen at time of stoma closure in 51% of the patients treated by small bowel stoma and 16% of those treated by colostomy. Within a year following stoma closure 67% showed a positive growth trend. Having a proximal small bowel stoma and undergoing major small bowel resection led to significantly lower Z-scores at closure. Adequate sodium supplementation and early closure didn’t lead to significant changes in Z-scores. ConclusionStomas have a negative impact on growth in the majority of children. This impact might be decreased by preventing small bowel stomas, specifically proximal stomas, and limiting small bowel resection. Since stoma closure is essential in reversing the negative effect on growth, we opt that early closure might result in an early shift to catch-up growth.
Design and Implementation of a Chaotic Unipolar Sine-Pulse Modulation Technique for a transformerless single-phase Grid-Connected Photovolatic Inverter
Authors: Kraiem Sana
Published: May 2022

Transformerless grid-connected inverters for photovoltaic (PV) applications provide several advantages such as reduced cost and volume as well as an increased efficiency. However, the removal of the transformer gives rise to several problems related to leakage currents and electromagnetic interferences (EMI). This paper presents different chaotic unipolar sine-pulse width modulation (C-USPWM) techniques for a transformerless grid-connected PV inverter based on parameter selection. The main objective behind this proposed chaotic modulation technique is to reduce the conducted EMI without worsening the power quality and the common mode voltage (CMV). The method is validated through numerical simulations and experimental tests carried out on laboratory prototype of an optimized H5 inverter (oH5). The obtained results showed its superiority to the conventional unipolar sine-pulse width modulation (USPWM). We showed also that the appropriate parameter selection of the C-UPSWM could advantageously combine an improved EMI performance and an efficient control, making it possible to deliver a significant reduction of the peaks’ amplitudes in the frequency spectrum of the common-mode (CM) voltage.
Using structural equation modeling to explore the pathways between a social norms-shifting intervention and couple communication for family planning in Kinshasa, DRC
Authors: Lorenzetti Lara , Costenbader Elizabeth , Martinez Andres , McLarnon-Silk Courtney , Lundgren Rebecka , Kohli Anjalee , Quirke Francesca , Shaw Bryan
Published: May 2022

Background. Approaches to shifting social norms are an increasingly common component of interventions seeking to promote family planning (FP) use. Yet, gaps remain in our understanding of how these norms-shifting interventions (NSIs) work, including how pathways to behavior change that include norms and related mediating factors work. The Masculinité, Famille, et Foi (MFF) intervention in the Democratic Republic of the Congo was a multi-component NSI that included a variety of activities intended to generate synergistic effects and different pathways to achieve FP behavior change.Methods. We used structural equation modeling to assess the simultaneous relationships between: 1) the MFF intervention; 2) mediating variables, including descriptive and injunctive social norms, attitudes, and self-efficacy; and 3) couple communication for FP, which has been shown to facilitate voluntary, autonomous FP use. We assessed for aggregate, indirect, and direct effects among an endline sample of MFF participants who were newly married couples and first-time parents.Results. Our sample included n=435 women and n=356 men from 8 experimental and 9 control Protestant congregations in Kinshasa. Our models demonstrated strong goodness of fit, indicating support for the direction of effects. We found an overall aggregate effect of the intervention on couple communication among women (p=0.01). We did not find any statistically significant indirect effects in either model; however, we identified several significant direct effects between descriptive norms for FP, gender equity, and intimate partner violence and injunctive norms, attitudes, and self-efficacy for men and women. Conclusions. Our finding of aggregate intervention effects on couple communication for women confirms the need for multicomponent interventions that work simultaneously to shift norms and to modify attitudes and increase self-efficacy to achieve behavior change. A lack of comparable aggregate effects among men indicates that pathways to achieving improved couple communication may necessitate different messages or approaches for men than women. Findings also suggest that achieving shifts in descriptive norms may produce a ripple effect on other social and individual-level mediating factors. Additional intervention evaluations that account for the synergistic effects of intervention components and directed pathways to program outcomes are needed to inform the design of multicomponent NSIs.
Experimental Infection with Xiphidiocercariae and Surveying Aquatic Product infection with Metacercariae
Authors: Li Ming-Hsien
Published: May 2022

The artificial gastric-juice digestive method was used to examine 250 preserved clams, 125 living Corbicula fluminea samples, and 53 preserved fish that were all bought randomly from markets. We did not observe any metacercariae in the products bought from traditional markets. However, this does not indicate that preserved aquatic products can be sold without being cooked because, we observed that self-infected metacercariae survive for 5 minutes after being digested in fish bodies can still at a temperature of 50°C, but survive for only 1 minute when the temperature rises to 80°C. In an experimental infection study, we determined that Corbicula fluminea was not infected with xiphidiocercariae, but the fins of Opsariichthys pachycephalus can be infected and experimental metacercariae were observed. Austropeplea ollula was determined to be the first intermediate host of the xiphidiocercaria parasite, and Opsariichthys pachycephalus is a suitable second intermediate host of trematodes. Therefore, raw or insufficiently cooked, they pass down parasitic diseases.
Third-generation cephalosporin resistant gram-negative bacteraemia in patients with haematological malignancy; an 11-year multi-centre retrospective study
Authors: Court Jara R. de la , Woudt Sjoukje H. S. , Schoffelen Annelot F. , Heijmans Jarom , de Jonge Nick A. , Bruggen Tjomme van der , Bomers Marije K. , Lambregts Merel M. C. , Schade Rogier P. , Sigaloff Kim C.E.
Published: May 2022

Objectives
Among patients with haematological malignancy, bacteraemia is a common complication during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Resistance of gram-negative pathogens to third-generation cephalosporins is increasing. We aimed to assess the distribution of pathogens causing bacteraemia in patients with haematological malignancy, and the proportion of 3GC-R GNB bacteraemia that was preceded by 3GC-R GNB colonization.
Methods
Using 11 years of data (2008–2018) from the Dutch national antimicrobial resistance surveillance system, we assessed the prevalence of third-generation cephalosporin resistant Gram-negative bacteria (3GC-R GNB) in episodes of bacteraemia, and the proportion of 3GC-R GNB bacteraemia that was preceded by 3GC-R GNB colonization (identified using surveillance cultures) in the year before.
Results
We included 3,887 patients, representing 4,142 episodes of bacteraemia. GNB were identified in 715/4,142 (17.3%), of which 221 (30.9%) were 3GC-R GNB. In (106/139) 76.2% of patients with a 3GC-R GNB bacteraemia and available GNB surveillance cultures in the preceding year, 3GC-R GNB colonization had been previously identified.
Conclusions
This multi-centre study shows that in patients with haematological malignancy, the majority of 3GC-R GNB bacteraemia is preceded by 3GC-R GNB colonization. Prospective clinical studies are needed to assess the safety and benefits of surveillance-culture guided empirical therapy to restrict the empirical use of carbapenems in this population.
Assessing the Livelihood Strategies of Intensive Vegetable Farmers in the surge of Urbanization in Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana
Authors: Adusei Frank Yeboah
Published: May 2022

The original contribution of this study with respect to objectives has been to: assess the livelihood strategies of intensive vegetable farmers in Kumasi Metropolis; investigate the contribution of intensive vegetable production and make new strategies for the farmers to cope with the decreasing land size. The study used the case study technique for data collection. Checklists were used for data collection through semi-structured interviews. Ten participants were selected, eight farmers and two Agricultural Officers. The size of the participants was influenced by the difficulty in getting farmers in Kumasi Metropolis. Besides, the intent was to become full with information on the topic at hand but not to maximize numbers. Descriptive and qualitative methods were used to present the primary data collected. The results showed that all the farmers interviewed were food secured. However, the main livelihood strategies employed by them were growing vegetables that are early maturing and investing in non-traditional animal rearing. It was evident that intensive vegetable farming provides fresh vegetables for a large segment of the urban population. It provides employment and income to a host of people including the farmers, marketers and urban poor as farm labourers which helps them to improve their food security status. Although livelihoods were primarily constrained by the loss of lands for residential purposes due to urbanization. It could be inferred that the significant features of farming as a food security strategy have not been fully understood by some stakeholders including policymakers. As it stands now, the future of intensive vegetable farming in the Metropolis is not optimistic if the situation continues as the farmers are not sure about their land security.
Analysis of the disease constituent ratio and prognosis of patients undergoing ambulatory surgery in oral and maxillofacial medicine: a monocentric retrospective analysis of 427 patients
Authors: Wang Honghao , Chi Yifan , Hou Jun , Lu Yao , Yang Mingen , Li Tingyu
Published: May 2022

Background
Ambulatory surgery and single-visit surgery are becoming increasingly accepted and practiced in oral and maxillofacial medicine worldwide due to their social and economic benefits. In China, however, their use is still insufficient and falling behind. To innovatively optimize the surgical procedure, research on the types and frequencies of surgeries is needed. The prognosis of patients also has yet to be studied.
Methods
The clinical data of patients undergoing the same treatments (ambulatory surgery) were collected, and information on their chief complaint and its history, age, and diagnosis characteristics was specifically included. Follow-up phone calls were conducted 1 and 3 days, 1 and 2 weeks, and 1 month after treatment. Information on their recovery and well-being was collected.
Results
A total of 427 patients were recruited for this study, including 224 males and 203 females. Their ages ranged from 1–68 and averaged 23.07 ± 11. Ambulatory surgery was voluntarily selected by 43.55% of the patients. A total of 62.9% of them selected it for convenience, while 43.55% selected it for pain reduction. The three top diseases treated via ambulatory surgery were impacted teeth (accounting for 56.7% of the total incidence), odontogenic cysts (14.75%), and supernumerary teeth (10.1%). Postoperative complications occurred in 248 of the 427 patients, and the incidence rate was 58.08%. The top three complications were postoperative pain (56.44%), restricted mouth opening (30.91%), and postoperative nausea and vomiting (7.49%). There were no cases of life-threatening complications or death. The complications frequently occurred on Day 3 after the operation and resolved after 2 weeks.
Conclusion
Ambulatory surgery has been increasingly acknowledged as one of the most effective patterns of treatment and service. Accordingly, broader use of it is necessary. Further development of ambulatory surgery (related to oral and maxillofacial surgery) is possible with the assistance of anesthesia and nursing personnel, while it may create multiple challenges for clinical institutions. In current settings, ambulatory surgery can be further developed by optimizing the regulations regarding diagnosis and treatments, promoting the dissemination of medical and clinical knowledge, increasing the engagement of related personnel, and improving the professionalism and timeliness of postoperative follow-ups.
Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem: compreensão à luz de seus pilares e elementos constituintes
Authors: Santos George Luiz Alves , Ferreira Santana Rosimere , Reis de Sousa Anderson , Valente Valadares Glaucia
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Analisar os pilares da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e seus elementos constituintes. Método: Estudo teórico-reflexivo, que estabeleceu como categorias analíticas Método, Pessoal, Instrumentos. Resultados: Se decompôs cada pilar estruturante da Sistematização, o que permitiu identificar seus elementos constituintes, e ampliou-se a compreensão do que é Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, considerando-a como fenômeno distinto do Processo de Enfermagem. Conclusão: Descortinaram-se os elementos que compõem cada pilar da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, permitindo melhor entendimento quando se discute a organização do trabalho profissional a partir desta, bem como, ampliou-se a compreensão do termo, conceitual e operacionalmente.DESCRITORES: Processo de enfermagem; Teoria de enfermagem; Terminologia Padronizada em Enfermagem; Recursos humanos; Protocolos. SYSTEMATIZATION OF NURSING CARE: UNDERSTANDING IN THE LIGHT OF ITS PILLARS AND CONSTITUENT ELEMENTSObjective: To analyze the pillars of the Nursing Care Systematization and its constituent elements. Method: Theoretical-reflective study, which established as analytical categories Method, Personnel, Instruments. Results: Each structuring pillar of the Systematization was decomposed, which allowed the identification of its constituent elements, and the understanding of what is Systematization of Nursing Care was expanded, considering it as a distinct phenomenon of the Nursing Process. Conclusion: The elements that make up each pillar of the Systematization of Nursing Assistance were revealed, allowing a better understanding when discussing the organization of professional work from it, as well as the understanding of the term, conceptually and operationally, was expanded.DESCRIPTORS: Nursing process; Nursing theory; Standardized Nursing Terminology; Human Resources; Protocols. SISTEMATIZACIÓN DE LA ATENCIÓN DE ENFERMERÍA: ENTENDIMIENTO A LA LUZ DE SUS PILARES Y ELEMENTOS CONSTITUYENTESObjetivo: Analizar los pilares de la Sistematización del Cuidado de Enfermería y sus elementos constitutivos. Método: Estudio teórico-reflexivo, que establece como categorías analíticas Método, Personal, Instrumentos. Resultados: se descompuso cada pilar estructurador de la Sistematización, lo que permitió la identificación de sus elementos constitutivos, y se amplió la comprensión de lo que es la Sistematización de la Atención de Enfermería, considerándolo como un fenómeno distinto del Proceso de Enfermería. Conclusión: se revelaron los elementos que componen cada pilar de la Sistematización de la Asistencia de Enfermería, lo que permitió una mejor comprensión al analizar la organización del trabajo profesional a partir de ella, así como la comprensión del término, conceptual y operativamente, se amplió. DESCRIPTORES: Proceso de enfermería; Teoría de enfermería; Terminología de enfermería estandarizada; Recursos humanos; Protocolos.
Configuration of quality control network of coastal groundwater bodies by model of hydrosectors specific case of Campo de Cartagena (Murcia, Spain)
Authors: García Mariana Federico José
Published: May 2022

The design of groundwater quality control networks must be based, fundamentally, on an index of optimal average density of sampling points per surface of groundwater body (hereinafter, MSBT), estimated at 1 point per 50 km2 , and defining some hydrosectors with homologated conditions as hexagonal cells, in each of which a selection of equivalent control stations with analytically harmonized series is made in order to be able to extend the historical series of quality data of the extractions of water sampling, to improve periodicity and monitoring through possible concatenations and / or overlaps between said simultaneous co-series obtained (between 2 or more series), and define associations of sectoral stations that maintain comparable concentrations of anthropic components, at least for a sampling period within the same hydrogeologically homogeneous sector. These concepts are accompanied by the introduction of a precise formulation through the adoption of new statistical indices that would be applied to the different masses of groundwater but, mainly, to one of the coastal MSBTs that presents one of the greatest management complexities, among other external causes, to its complicated intrinsic hydrogeological structure (heterogeneity and anisotropy), such as the Campo de Cartagena MSBT. The objective is to establish a statistical modeling framework that helps us improve the evaluation of the status and chemical quality of groundwater bodies, in general, but, this time, not only on the unique interpretation of the isolated data series of each of the control stations definable in time, but rather by evaluating the correlation between these co-series assigned to the same hydrosector with homologous conditions, as well as in the interrelation between the different hydrosectors belonging to the same aquifer, and for each of the aquifers within the same complex structure groundwater body.
Hydrodynamics of the coastal springs of the Sierra de Irta after torrential precipitation events. Maestrazgo Aquifer (Castellón)
Authors: Domínguez Sánchez José Antonio , Rosado Piqueras Silvia , Mejías Moreno Miguel , Ballesteros Navarro Bruno José
Published: May 2022

The Maestrazgo is a karst aquifer of more than 2400 km2 that occupies the northern half of the province of Castellón. Its main discharge area is in the coastal sierra of Irta, between the towns of Alcocebre and Peñíscola. On the coastline of this carbonate elevation, there are several springs, permanent (Playa de las Fuentes Centro, Torre Badum y Font de Dins) and occasional (Playa del Carregador, Playa de las Fuentes Sur y Norte, Playa del Pebret y Playa del Russo), which can be grouped into different types depending on their chemical characteristics. This diversity is due to underground flow through preferential circulation conduits that may be more or less interconnected with each other and more or less affected by marine waters. Significant events of precipitation, on a local and / or regional scale, in addition to causing the appearance of occasional springs, temporarily modify the hydrochemistry of permanent upwellings. The springs of Playa de las Fuentes Centro, Torre Badum and Playa del Carregador rapidly reduce their saline content, while the springs of Playa de las Fuentes Sur, Playa del Pebret and Playa del Russo, respond with a piston effect and initially, the more saline waters that occupy the conduits of the environment near the springs are drained until they are replaced by those of a continental nature. Finally, the Font de Dins spring drains through channels without contact with marine waters, so it does not undergo notable alterations in its composition due to their influence, although its relationship with the detrital aquifer of Vinarós-Peñíscola alters its usual hydrochemistry.
Numerical modeling of a multilayer coastal aquifer in extreme drought with additional exploitation and impact on its associated ecosystems: Júcar river and La Albufera de Valencia (Plana de Valencia Sur, Spain)
Authors: Ballesteros Navarro Bruno J. , Navarro Odriozola J. Oriol
Published: May 2022

La Plana de Valencia Sur (MASub 080.142) constitutes a coastal hydrogeological system with high potential, which gives it great aptitude so that it can be considered as a strategic aquifer, understanding as such that it can be exploited in a short-term and intensive way during times of drought in order to compensate for the deficit created in demand systems. For this purpose, in the mid-90s and the first decade of this century, a large number of groundwaters catchments were built that were used during the extremely dry period from 2005 to 2008. This additional and scheduled exploitation required a meticulous piezometric and hydrochemical monitoring, as well as the volumes extracted, which was carried out by the Júcar Hydrographic Confederation (CHJ) and the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME). The data obtained allowed us to know the response of the system to a situation of exceptional water stress and to develop a detailed model of underground flow with the Visual MODFLOW software. The model domain, discretised in 4,357 cells of 359x359 m, covers an area of 56,15 km2 and consists of four layers equivalent to the four geological formations that comprise it. With its calibration and adjustment in steady state and transitory flow regimes, the aquifer balance has been determined, as well as its behaviour and evolution. One of the most relevant aspects is that it incorporates in a different way the main ecosystems dependent on groundwater: Júcar and Verde rivers, ullales or springs, drainage channels and La Albufera lake, in addition to direct outlets to the sea. The conclusions obtained include, at a general level, the suitability of the actions carried out and their environmental viability, confirming its good characteristics as a strategic aquifer, as well as its ability to be exploited intensively during times of extreme weather conditions. It also analyses, in a particularized way, the consequences that the intensive exploitation of the system has had on each of the different elements that make up its water balance, which has allowed us to know the conditions suffered by the two large ecosystems with which it is related, Júcar River and La Albufera de Valencia, throughout the period analysed.
Acute Toxicity Study of 5, 11-Dihydroindolo [3, 2-ß]carbazole as per
OECD Regulatory Guidelines
Authors: Kumar Anoop , Gowda Navyashree V. , Bhosale Shailesh
Published: May 2022

Background:

5,11-Dihydroindolo [3, 2-ß]carbazole is one of the phytoconstituent of the
Arisaema genus, which might have various important biological activities. Recently, we have predicted
the antiviral potential of this phytoconstituent against the Japanese Encephalitis virus (JEV).

Methods:

Thus, in the current study, the acute toxicity profile of 5, 11-dihydroindolo [3, 2-ß]carbazole
as per OECD regulatory guidelines in female Wistar rats was evaluated.

Results:

We did not find any adverse effects, mortality, and altered behaviour in animals after administration
of 5, 11-dihydroindolo [3, 2-ß] carbazole at a dose of 300 and 2000 mg/Kg. Furthermore, no
significant changes in physiological and haematological parameters were observed. The histopathological
study of vital organs also showed no significant changes compared to the control.

Conclusion:

Based on the findings of the current investigation, 5, 11-dihydroindolo [3, 2-ß]carbazole
is a safe phytoconstituent of the Arisaema genus, which can be explored for various biological activities.
Long-Lasting Effects of Spironolactone after its Withdrawal in Patients with Hyperandrogenic Skin Disorders
Authors: Sabbadin Chiara , Beggiao Francesca , Keiko Vedolin Carlotta , Orlando Gloria , Ragazzi Eugenio , Ceccato Filippo , Barbot Mattia , Bordin Luciana , Donà Gabriella , Andrisani Alessandra , Belloni Fortina Anna , Scaroni Carla , Armanini Decio
Published: May 2022

Objective:

Hyperandrogenic skin disorders, such as hirsutism, acne and alopecia, affect approximately 10–20% of women of reproductive age, reducing quality of life and causing psychological impairment. Spironolactone is a commonly used antiandrogen, especially in women who are not sexually active or have contraindications to hormonal contraceptives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of spironolactone, especially after its withdrawal, in patients with hyperandrogenic skin disorders.

Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 63 women with hyperandrogenic skin symptoms due to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), treated with spironolactone for at least 6 months as first-line treatment.

Results:

After a mean time of treatment of 25.7 months, all patients reported a significant improvement in hyperandrogenic skin disorders; only 5 patients were dissatisfied and required the addition of an oral contraceptive. The therapy was well tolerated and the most frequent side-effect was intermestrual bleeding in 68.2% of cases, affecting mainly classic PCOS phenotype. Thirthy-eight patients showed prolonged effects 33.7 months after spironolactone withdrawal, whereas 20 relapsed 17.5 months after discontinuation. No significant difference in clinical and biochemical parameters was found between these two groups both at baseline and after spironolactone treatment. Ovulatory PCOS patients were treated for a shorter time and reported earlier relapse than classic PCOS patients.

Conclusion:

Spironolactone is an effective and safe treatment for hyperandrogenic skin disorders, showing long-lasting effects even several months after its discontinuation.
Potential role of probiotics in the management of COVID-19
Authors: Huidrom Sangeeta , Beg Mirza Atif , Bawa Shalu , Malhotra Shruti
Published: May 2022

COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is an ongoing global pandemic that causes catastrophic devastation to humankind. COVID-19 virus mainly affects the human respiratory and gastrointestinal systems.Currently,vaccines are available globally and it is a game-changer in the fight against COVID-19. However, it has a long way to go to achieve the war against COVID-19 as it will take some more years to completely vaccinate the people and there are threats and concerns of COVID-19 due to the high mutagenicity rate of the virus. The current methods of treatment involve the use of antiviral drugs and anti-inflammatory drugs but without much success. To date, there is no established prevention or treatment method for this novel virus. The best preventive strategy to combat this disease is to keep the immune system strong. Evidence showed that there is a correlation between the dysbiosis of the gut, COVID-19, and immunomodulation. Since time immemorial probiotic has been used to improve general health and immunity to various diseases. Probiotics are beneficial bacteria when administered in the right doses conferring a health benefit to the host. Various scientific evidence has proved beyond doubt, the therapeutic and protective effects of probiotics against respiratory and gastrointestinal related diseases. This review aims to outline the potential role of probiotics in fighting COVID-19 by highlighting the recent evidence on the association amongst dysbiosis, COVID-19, and probiotics and outlining the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics.This review highlight the association between gut and lung in the gut-lung axis. Furthermore, this review also provides an insight into the indirect evidence of the potential protective role of probiotics in combating COVID-19 or its associated symptoms.
PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK MAHASISWA CALON GURU PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sartika Sri Hardianti , Nirbita Betanika Nila
Published: May 2022

Abstrak: Prokrastinasi akademik memberikan efek negatif pada pembelajaran namun perilaku yang sering dialami mahasiswa dalam kegiatan akademik. Tantangan yang ditimbulkan oleh Pandemi Covid-19 dapat berkontribusi untuk meningkatkan perilaku prokrastinasi dalam kegiatan akademik. Fokus penelitian ini yaitu mengkaji perilaku prokrastinasi akademik yang dilakukan mahasiswa calon guru selama masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan pendekatan kualitatif interpretative. Partisipan yang terlibat sebanyak 441 mahasiswa berbagai jurusan di FKIP, Universitas Siliwangi. Data dikumpulkan melalui survey dengan kuesioner googleform menggunakan instrumen yang diadopsi dari Academic Procrastination Scale (APS) McCloskey dan Scielzo. Data dianalisis menggunakan perhitungan presentase dari setiap indikator. Temuan penelitian menunjukan bahwa perilaku prokrastinasi akademik mahasiswa calon guru selama masa Pandemi Covid-19 menggunakan enam indikator yaitu keyakinan psikologis, gangguan perhatian, faktor sosial, kemampuan dalam manajemen waktu, inisiatif pribadi, serta rasa malas termasuk pada kategori sedang dengan skor 55,14%. Kategori tersebut menunjukan bahwa mahasiswa mampu beradapatasi dengan pembelajaran jarak jauh secara online.Abstract: Academic procrastination has negative effect on the learning process, but the behavior is often experienced by students in academic activities. Challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic can contribute to increasing procrastination behavior in academic activities. Main focus of this research is to examine the behavior of academic procrastination carried out by prospective teacher students during the Covid-19 pandemic with an interpretative qualitative approach. The participants involved were 441 students from various majors at FKIP, Siliwangi University. Data collected by means of a survey through a googleform questionnaire with instruments adopted from the Academic Procrastination Scale (APS) McCloskey and Scielzo. The data  analyzed by calculating the percentage of each indicator and analyzing it in depth. The research found that the academic procrastination behavior of prospective teacher students during Covid-19 pandemic use six indicators, namely psychological beliefs, attention disorders, social factors, time management skills, personal initiative, and laziness included in the moderate category with a score of 55.14%. This category shows that students are able to adapt to online distance learning.
EFFECT ANALYSIS OF INFLATION, INTEREST RATE, RESERVE REQUIREMENTS AND NON PERFORMING LOANS ON CREDIT GROWTH
Authors: Rachmansyah Muhammad Ibra
Published: May 2022

Abstrak: Bauran kebijakan moneter merupakan salah satu instrumen yang paling diandalkan pada era perekonomian modern. Memaksimalkan perputaran uang dan kredit merupakan kunci akan pertumbuhan dan kemajuan ekonomi negara.  Pertumbuhan kredit indonesia selama 10 tahun terakhir cenderung terus menurun dan tidak memenuhi target menandakan adanya bauran kebijakan moneter yang kurang maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa bauran kebijakan moneter yang paling umum pada era moneter modern, yaitu, Inflasi, BI Rate, Giro Wajib Minimum dan Non Performing Loans. Data dalam bentuk time series dan merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Bank Indonesia, Badan Pusat Statistik dan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dari tahun 2009 hingga 2019 sehingga total sampel sebanyak 40.  Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik regresi linear berganda dan alat yang digunakan untuk menganalisis penelitian ini menggunakan Eviews 10 dengan tingkat signifikansi 5% (0,05). Hasil penelitian secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa (1) inflasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan kredit (2) BI Rate tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan kredit (3) Giro Wajib Minimum berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan kredit (4) Non Performing Loans berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan kredit.Abstract: Monetary policy mix is one of the most frequently used policy in current modern economy. Dictating the flow of credit and money are keys to an proper economic stability. Indonesia's credit growth over the last 10 years tends to continue to decline and does not meet the target, indicating a ineffective monetary policy mix. This study aims to determine the effect of Inflation, BI Rate, Reserves Requirements and Non-Performing Loans. The data is in the form of time series and is secondary data obtained from Bank Indonesia, the Central Statistics Agency and the Financial Services Authority from 2009 to 2019 with total sample of 40. This study uses multiple linear regression techniques and the tools used to analyze this research are Eviews 10 with a significance level of 5% (0.05). The results of the study partially show that (1) inflation has a significant effect on credit growth (2) the BI Rate has no effect on credit growth (3) Reserves requirements has a significant effect on credit growth (4) Non-Performing Loans has a significant effect on credit growth.