bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overwintering States of the Pale Grass Blue Butterfly Zizeeria maha (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) at the Time of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident in March 2011
Authors: Sakauchi Ko , Taira Wataru , Toki Mariko , Iraha Yuta , Otaki Joji M.
Published: November 2019

The Fukushima nuclear accident in March 2011 caused the massive release of anthropogenic radioactive materials from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant to its surrounding environment. Its biological effects have been studied using the pale grass blue butterfly, Zizeeria maha (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), but the overwintering states of this butterfly remain elusive. Here, we conducted a series of field surveys in March 2018, March 2019, and April 2019 in Fukushima and its vicinity to clarify the overwintering states of this butterfly at the time of the Fukushima nuclear accident. We discovered overwintering individuals in situ associated with the host plant Oxalis corniculata under natural straw mulch as first-instar to fourth-instar larvae in March 2018 and 2019. No other developmental stages were found. The body length and width were reasonably correlated with the accumulated temperature. On the basis of a linear regression equation between body size and accumulated temperature, together with other data, we deduced that the pale grass blue butterfly occurred as fourth-instar larvae in Fukushima and its vicinity at the time of the accident. This study paves the way for subsequent dosimetric analyses that determine the radiation doses absorbed by the butterfly after the accident.
The Role of Protein SUMOylation in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Dehnavi Sajad , Sadeghi Mahvash , Penson Peter E. , Banach Maciej , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: November 2019

Atherosclerosis is a progressive, inflammatory cardiovascular disorder characterized by the development of lipid-filled plaques within arteries. Endothelial cell dysfunction in the walls of blood vessels results in an increase in vascular permeability, alteration of the components of the extracellular matrix, and retention of LDL in the sub-endothelial space, thereby accelerating plaque formation. Epigenetic modification by SUMOylation can influence the surface interactions of target proteins and affect cellular functionality, thereby regulating multiple cellular processes. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) can modulate NFκB and other proteins such as p53, KLF, and ERK5, which have critical roles in atherogenesis. Furthermore, SUMO regulates leukocyte recruitment and cytokine release and the expression of adherence molecules. In this review, we discuss the regulation by SUMO and SUMOylation modifications of proteins and pathways involved in atherosclerosis.
Positive Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Expression Predicts Poor Treatment Outcomes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Huang Wan-Ting , Lu Hung-I , Wang Yu-Ming , Chen Yen-Hao , Lo Chien-Ming , Lin Wei-Che , Lan Ya-Chun , Tseng Ling-Huei , Li Shau-Hsuan
Published: November 2019

Background: Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is present in a subgroup of cancer patients who may be favorable targets for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies. However, the significance of the PD-L1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy remains unclear. Methods: By means of PD-L1 immunohistochemistry 22C3 pharmDx assay, we evaluate the PD-L1 expression and its association with clinical outcome in 107 ESCC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Results: Patients with positive PD-L1 expression have significantly lower pathological complete response rates (13% versus 32%; p = 0.036) than those with negative PD-L1 expression. Univariate survival analysis found that positive PD-L1 expression were correlated with poor overall survival (p = 0.004) and inferior disease-free survival (p < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, positive PD-L1 expression was independently associated with the absence of a pathologically complete response (p = 0.044, hazard ratio: 3.542), worse overall survival (p = 0.006, hazard ratio: 2.017), and inferior disease-free survival (p < 0.001, hazard ratio: 2.516). Conclusions: For patients with ESCC receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, positive PD-L1 expression independently predicts the poor chemoradiotherapy response and worse treatment outcome. Thus, our data suggests that PD-L1 may be an influential biomarker for prognostic classification and for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies in ESCC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
Osteoarthritis Severely Decreases the Elasticity and Hardness of Knee Joint Cartilage: A Nanoindentation Study
Authors: Mieloch Adam Aron , Richter Magdalena , Trzeciak Tomasz , Giersig Michael , Rybka Jakub Dalibor
Published: November 2019

The nanoindentation method was applied to determine the elastic modulus and hardness of knee articular cartilage. Cartilage samples from both high weight bearing (HWB) and low weight bearing (LWB) femoral condyles were collected from patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA). The mean elastic modulus of HWB cartilage was 4.46 ± 4.44 MPa in comparison to that of the LWB region (9.81 ± 8.88 MPa, p < 0.001). Similarly, the hardness was significantly lower in HWB tissue (0.317 ± 0.397 MPa) than in LWB cartilage (0.455 ± 0.434 MPa, p < 0.001). When adjusted to patients’ ages, the mean elastic modulus and hardness were both significantly lower in the age group over 70 years (p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference in mechanical parameters was also found in grade 3 and 4 OA. This study provides an insight into the nanomechanical properties of the knee articular cartilage and provides a starting point for personalized cartilage grafts that are compatible with the mechanical properties of the native tissue.
A Systematic Summary of Systematic Reviews on Anticoagulant Therapy in Sepsis
Authors: Murao Shuhei , Yamakawa Kazuma
Published: November 2019

Many systematic reviews have been published regarding anticoagulant therapy in sepsis, among which there is substantial heterogeneity. This study aimed to provide an overview of existing systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials by using a comprehensive search method. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Of 895 records screened, 19 systematic reviews were included. The target agent was as follows: antithrombin (n = 4), recombinant thrombomodulin (n = 3), heparin (n = 3), recombinant activated protein C (n = 8), and all anticoagulants (n = 1). Antithrombin did not improve mortality in critically ill patients but indicated a beneficial effect in sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), although the certainty of evidence was judged as low. Recombinant thrombomodulin was associated with a trend in reduced mortality in sepsis with coagulopathy with no increased risk of bleeding, although the difference was not statistically significant and the required information size for any declarative judgement insufficient. Although three systematic reviews showed potential survival benefits of unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin in patients with sepsis, trials with low risk of bias were lacking, and the overall impact remains unclear. None of the meta-analyses of recombinant activated protein C showed beneficial effects in sepsis. In summary, a beneficial effect was not observed in overall sepsis in poorly characterized patient groups but was observed in sepsis-induced DIC or sepsis with coagulopathy in more specific patient groups. This umbrella review of anticoagulant therapy suggests that characteristics of the target populations resulted in heterogeneity among the systematic reviews.
Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb Ages and the Hf Isotopic Composition of the Ore-Bearing Porphyry from the Yanghuidongzi Copper Deposit, Heilongjiang, China, and Its Geological Significance
Authors: Cong Diange , Pang Hongli , Wang Shuzhi , Tian Ying , Ying Hui , Huang Guobiao
Published: November 2019

The Yanghuidongzi copper deposit is a typical porphyry copper deposit located at the eastern margin of the Xing’anling-Mongolian Orogenic Belt (XMOB). While much attention have been paid to the ore-forming age of the deposit and the magma source of the ore-bearing porphyry, this paper approaches this issue with the methods of the LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotopic composition of the Yanghuidongzi porphyry copper deposit. The results reveal that the Yanghuidongzi porphyry copper deposit was formed in the Early Jurassic (189.6 ± 1.0 Ma), which corresponds to the time of magmatic activity in this region. The background studies of ore-forming dynamics indicate that the formation of the Yanghuidongzi copper deposit is related to the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate. The Yanghuidongzi ore-bearing porphyry zircons have a positive εHf(t) value (4.4–7.0), a high 176Hf/177Hf ratio (0.282786–0.282854), and a two-stage Hf model ages (TDM2) ranging from 783 Ma to 943 Ma, all of which suggest that the Early Jurassic granodiorite porphyry of the Yanghuidongzi deposit was formed by the partial melting of newly grown crustal material from the depleted mantle in the Neoproterozoic.
Fluid Inclusion and Oxygen Isotope Characteristics of Vein Quartz Associated with the Nabeba Iron Deposit, Republic of Congo: Implications for the Enrichment of Hypogene Ores
Authors: Gatsé Ebotehouna Chesther , Xie Yuling , Adomako-Ansah Kofi , Pei Liang
Published: November 2019

The Nabeba iron ore deposit is located at the northern part of Congo Craton, Republic of Congo. The ore deposit consists of supergene and hypogene ores, both of which are hosted in the Precambrian Nabeba banded iron formation (BIF). This study focuses on the hypogene iron ore mineralization associated with quartz veins in the Nabeba deposit, for which two hypogene ore stages have been recognized based on geologic and petrographic observations: early-stage high-grade hematite-rich ore (HO-1) and late-stage magnetite-rich ore (HO-2). Based on microthermometric measurements and laser Raman spectroscopy of the fluid inclusions, the H2O-NaCl ± CO2 fluids interacting with the Nabeba BIF at the HO-1 stage evolve from high-to-moderate temperatures (203–405 °C) and contrasting salinities (moderate-to-low: 1–15 wt. % NaCl equiv.; high: 30–35 wt. % NaCl equiv.) to H2O-NaCl fluids of moderate-to-low temperatures (150–290 °C) and salinities (1–11 wt. % NaCl equiv.) for the HO-2 ore stage. Assuming equilibrium oxygen isotopic exchange between quartz and water, the δ18Ofluid values range from 4.7–8.1‰ for the HO-1 stage and −2.3‰ to −1.5‰ for the HO-2 stage. This implies the ore-forming fluid of initially-mixed metamorphic–magmatic origin, later replenished by seawater and/or meteoric water during the formation of the HO-2 stage. These mixtures of different fluids, coupled with their interaction with the BIF lithology followed by phase separation, are responsible for the enrichment of hypogene iron ore in the Nabeba deposit.
Comparison of Measurements with Finite-Element Analysis of Silicon-Diaphragm-Based Fiber-Optic Fabry–Perot Temperature Sensors
Authors: Wang Rongkun , Xie Xuejian , Xu Xiangang , Chen Xiufang , Xiao Longfei
Published: November 2019

Silicon-diaphragm-based fiber-optic Fabry–Perot sensors with different intracavity pressures were fabricated by anodic bonding and microelectromechanical techniques. The thermal stress and thermal expansion of the Fabry–Perot (FP) sensor caused by high-temperature bonding and temperature change were simulated by finite-element analysis. The calculated thermal stress is largest in the center and edge regions of the resonance cavity, reaching from 2 to 6 MPa. The reflection spectra and temperature sensitivity of the sensors were simulated by using a two-dimensional wave-optic model in Comsol. Theoretical calculations were also made for the FP cavity without considering silicon-diaphragm deformation and thermal stress. Four sensors with intracavity pressures of 0.01, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05 MPa were tested at low temperatures, showing a high degree of consistency with the simulation results rather than theoretical calculation, especially for high intracavity pressure. This method is expected to aid the analysis of thermal stress generated during the bonding process and to facilitate better design and control of the temperature sensitivity of the sensor.
Learning to Detect Cracks on Damaged Concrete Surfaces Using Two-Branched Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Lee Jieun , Kim Hee-Sun , Kim Nayoung , Ryu Eun-Mi , Kang Je-Won
Published: November 2019

Image sensors are widely used for detecting cracks on concrete surfaces to help proactive and timely management of concrete structures. However, it is a challenging task to reliably detect cracks on damaged surfaces in the real world due to noise and undesired artifacts. In this paper, we propose an autonomous crack detection algorithm based on convolutional neural network (CNN) to solve the problem. To this aim, the proposed algorithm uses a two-branched CNN architecture, consisting of sub-networks named a crack-component-aware (CCA) network and a crack-region-aware (CRA) network. The CCA network is to learn gradient component regarding cracks, and the CRA network is to learn a region-of-interest by distinguishing critical cracks and noise such as scratches. Specifically, the two sub-networks are built on convolution-deconvolution CNN architectures, but also they are comprised of different functional components to achieve their own goals efficiently. The two sub-networks are trained in an end-to-end to jointly optimize parameters and produce the final output of localizing important cracks. Various crack image samples and learning methods are used for efficiently training the proposed network. In the experimental results, the proposed algorithm provides better performance in the crack detection than the conventional algorithms.
Determination of GPS Session Duration in Ground Deformation Surveys in Mining Areas
Authors: Bazanowski Maciej , Szostak-Chrzanowski Anna , Chrzanowski Adam
Published: November 2019

Extraction of underground minerals causes subsidence of the ground surface due to gravitational forces. The subsidence rate depends on the type of extracted ore, as well as its shape, thickness, and depth. Additionally, the embedding and overburden rock properties influence the time needed for the deformations to reach the surface. Using the results of geodetic deformation monitoring, which supply the information on pattern and magnitude of surface deformation, the performance of the mine may be evaluated. The monitoring can supply information on the actual rock mass behaviour during the operation and in many cases during the years after the mining operations have ceased. Geodetic methods of deformation monitoring supply information on the absolute and relative displacements (changes in position in a selected coordinate system) from which displacement and strain fields for the monitored object may be derived. Thus, geodetic measurements provide global information on absolute and relative displacements over large areas, either at discrete points or continuous in the space domain. The geodetic methods are affected by errors caused by atmospheric refraction and delay of electromagnetic signal. Since geodetic measurements allow for redundancy and statistical evaluation of the quality of the data, they generally provide reliable results. Usually, the designed accuracy of deformation measurements should allow for the detection of at least one third of the expected maximum deformations over the desired time span at the 95% probability level. In ground subsidence studies in mining areas, 10 mm accuracy at 95% level in both vertical and horizontal displacements is typically required. In the case of salt mines, the process of ground subsidence in viscous rock is slow; therefore, subsidence monitoring surveys may be performed once a year. In subsidence determination, two techniques are commonly used: leveling and satellite positioning. The satellite positioning technique is used to determine the 3D (horizontal coordinates and height) or 2D position of monitored points (only horizontal coordinates). When comparing the heights determined from satellite and leveling surveys, it has to be noted that the leveling heights are referred with respect to the geoid (orthometric heights), while heights determined from satellite surveys are referred with respect to the ellipsoid (ellipsoidal height). In the case of satellite surveys, the accuracy of horizontal position is typically 2–3 times better than vertical. The analysis of the optimal session duration lead to the conclusion that in order to achieve the sub-cm accuracy of horizontal coordinates at 95% confidence level, the satellite positioning session length using Global Positioning System (GPS) should be at least three hours long. In order to achieve the sub-cm accuracy of height coordinate at 95% confidence level in a single observation session, the GPS session length should be at least twelve hours long.
Education for Sustainable Development: Evolution and Perspectives: A Bibliometric Review of Research, 1992–2018
Authors: Grosseck Gabriela , Țîru Laurențiu Gabriel , Bran Ramona Alice
Published: November 2019

In recent years, the interest in research concerning Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) has grown considerably. Therefore, a thorough (re)evaluation of this field and its challenges is highly necessary and can help us better understand the diversity of ESD approaches and the ways in which various scholars, countries, institutions, or universities reacted through research and scientific publications to the study of ESD. Using a bibliometric approach, we analyzed 1813 papers on the subject, indexed by the Web of Science, between 1992 and 2018. The main findings increased our understanding of the ESD domain: we identified vital research, landmark studies in the development of the field, critical past contributions, emerging trends, and potentially transformative ideas. The number of publications, authors, and journals has increased, proving that ESD has gained momentum over the period examined in the study. Similarly, there are more and more works written in collaboration by people (scholars, researchers, etc.) from different parts and cultures of the world, indicating that publishing on ESD is like a legacy to international efforts to bring this area of inquiry into the mainstream. Finally, the study illustrates two main research directions for the entire timespan: integration of education into sustainable development and of sustainable development into education.
Sustainable Idea Development Mechanism in University Technology Commercialization (UTC): Perspectives from Dynamic Capabilities Framework
Authors: Cho Insu , Kwak Young Hoon , Jun Jaehyeon
Published: November 2019

Universities pays a lot of attention and investment in the technology commercialization for its sustainable development and social contribution under Korean government-driven policies. However, when compared to US or European universities, the outcomes of the technology commercialization in universities are relatively inactive. Therefore, this study aims to propose a new idea-oriented framework of University-Technology Commercialization (UTC). To achieve this, this study explores the sustainable mechanism from idea to technology commercialization in the volatile environment by employing dynamic capabilities framework. This study employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to identify causal relationships among the variables with a 2014 to 2016 dataset from ‘Higher Education in KOREA’. This study collected national and cross-sectional data from different time periods to design our longitudinal study. Our study examines UTC activities related to sustainable idea development mechanism from dynamic capability framework. The results show the importance of start-up clubs as a first step for idea exploration in university technology commercialization and patents as important for both technology transfers and start-ups. Our findings offer new UTC directions for university policy makers.
Children with Autism and Congregations: Leader’s Assessments of Knowledge, Programming, and Potentialities
Authors: Thompson Jeffrey Dale
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study was to explore congregational responses to children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The limited research around ASD and congregations reveals a lack of engagement with, and integration of, persons with ASD. In the current study, a mixed methods approach focused on congregational leaders’ knowledge, perceptions, and interests regarding ASD and related education and programming.  A quantitative element assessed leaders of congregations by means of a survey (N=121), while a qualitative element offered participants an opportunity to comment on the survey (n=51) and participate in an interview (n=12). An analysis of the data suggests that leaders’ knowledge of ASD was higher than anticipated but that formal programming was lacking in smaller churches. Responses in smaller churches were less formal, occurred on a case-by-case basis, and were led by professionals and parents native to those churches. Leaders reported an interest in more education and training regarding .
Falsely Accused Clergy in Therapy: A Case Study
Authors: Goldblatt Hyatt Erica Danya
Published: November 2019

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to provide a case study exploring an integrated trauma-informed, cognitive, and religiously-based approach to working with clergy who have been falsely accused of child sexual abuse (CSA). In the wake of numerous reports of sexual misconduct (PBS.org), scholars have explored the factors that may contribute to this morally reprehensible behavior (Death, 2018). Research has focused on the structural and systemic issues, reporting, and clergy reactions to CSA (Death, 2018; Harper, 2018; Longwood, 2018) but does not account for how clinical social workers may approach treatment with the falsely-accused. While in no way denouncing or placing doubt upon the victims of clergy CSA, this case study attempts to contribute to the literature by providing a description of the presentation, symptoms, and treatment of a pastor seeking therapy from a similarly religiously-oriented clinician following an accusation from which the accuser recanted and no charges were pressed.
Should Turkey Excluded from NATO or She Should Quit it İtself
Authors: Erdurmaz Prof. Dr. Ali Serdar
Published: November 2019

The humiliation targeted to the founder of Turkish Republic, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, and the President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan portrayed as enemies of the alliance in the NATO exercise “Trident Javelin” held in Norway in November 2017, has created sound indignation either within the public and mass media or government in Turkey. In the same token, it was opened a chat account under the name of Recep Tayyip Erdogan shown him as a collaborator with a “leader of an enemy state” according to the scenario (AFP, 2017). Ultimately, Turkish participants pulled out of the drill, and NATO Secretary-General immediately extended apologize to Ankara. However, it created a great deal of disappointment all over Turkey against NATO solidarity. This event, probably, would be registered in NATO history as a first scandal disquieting one of its member states.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN RASIO LIKUIDITAS PADA PT. TELKOM INDONESIA Tbk
Authors: Akuba Alfin , Hasmirati Hasmirati
Published: November 2019

The object of this research is at PT. Telkom Indonesia is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research method used is a quantitative method because the research data is in the form of numbers and uses statistical analysis using liquidity ratios. Data analysis techniques use quantitative analysis in analyzing liquidity ratios, namely Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, Cash Ratio, At PT. Telkom Indonesia is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for a period of three years (2015-2017)

The results showed that PT. Telkom Indonesia Tbk for the period of three years 2015 to 2017 in terms of the company's current ratio and quick ratio has not been in accordance with the standard ratio. PT. Telkom Indonesia Tbk has fluctuating liquidity conditions so that this is still considered poor.
PENGARUH CURRENT RATIO DAN DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO TERHADAP RETURN ON ASSETS PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Hasmirati Hasmirati , Akuba Alfin
Published: November 2019

The object of this research is the manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analytical method used in this study is descriptive analysis using multiple linear regression where the data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange.

The results obtained in this study are simultaneous current ratios, and the debt to equity ratio has a significant effect on return on assets. Partially the current ratio has a negative and significant effect on return on assets, while the debt to equity ratio has a positive and significant effect on return on assets.
JOB BURNOUT DAN REDUCED AUDIT QUALITY PRACTICES (RAQP) DALAM PERSPEKTIF ROLE STRESS
Authors: Wiratama Richard , Ng Suwandi , Lukman Lukman
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study were to investigate the influence of role stressors (role ambiguity, role conflict, and role overload) to the reduced audit quality practices (RAQP) were tested both directly and indirectly through the variable job burnout.

Respondents in this study are auditors who working in 15 Public Accounting Firms at Sulawesi, Papua, and Maluku. Data collection procedures in the study were taken directly (Administered Personality Questionnaires) in Public Accounting Firm located in Makassar, while the public accounting firm which the outside of Makassar were spread by sending questionnaires (Mail Questionnaires). Data were analyzed using the path analysis.

The results of this study indicate that role stressors (role ambiguity, role conflict, and role overload) have a positive and significant effect on job burnout and also job burnout has a positive and significant effect on reduced audit quality practices (RAQP). The direct influence of role stressors (role ambiguity, role conflict, and role overload) have a positive but not high enough to have a strong influence on reduced audit quality practices (RAQP). Implications practice of this research are as learning profession Public Accountants and auditors to take preventive actions and improvements on stress due to role stressors.
Use of copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate as a compatibilizer of polyvinyl chloride with low density polyethylene
Authors: Lavrov N. A. , Belukhichev E. V.
Published: November 2019

The influence of a vinyl chloride – vinyl acetate copolymer on the compatibility of polyvinyl chloride and low density polyethylene in the production of rigid PVC films by the calender method is considered.
Review of modern flammability reduction methods of constructional foams
Authors: Iurchenko A. D. , Panfilov D. A.
Published: November 2019

Modern methods for reducing the combustibility of novolac, epoxy and epoxy novolac oligomers used for the production of structural foams are considered. The results of studies on the application of chlorinated resins as fi re-resistant matrix, polyphosphates, intumescent carbon, and hallocyde nanotubes as fi re retardants are presented.
Obtaining unsaturated polyester resins and materials based on them using recycled polyethylene terephthalate
Authors: Alikin M. B. , Panfilov D. A. , Lavrov N. A. , Dvorko I. M.
Published: November 2019

A technique has been developed for producing an unsaturated polyester resin by transesterifying the product of glycolysis of secondary polyethylene terephthalate using maleic and phthalic anhydride. The curing process was studied, it was found that the unsaturated polyester resin was cured by the action of oligoether acrylate (TGM-3), peroxide compound (methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) and accelerator (manganese hydroxide divalent, acetylacetone, cobalt stearate). The physic-mechanical characteristics of polymeric materials based on unsaturated polyester resin, the analysis of which indicates a high thermal stability, have been studied.
Features of curing polyester binder due to the different duration of exposure to ultraviolet radiation
Authors: Veshkin E. A. , Postnov V. I. , Semenychev V. V. , Krasheninnikova E. V.
Published: November 2019

Samples of polyester binder RO-4761 were irradiated using an ultraviolet device. The investigations established that the microhardness of the polymer along its cross section, from the surface to core of the sample, varies according to a parabolic law. With increasing time of UV exposure the sample, its microhardness increases. When the binder is fully cured, the parabolic curve transforms into a straight line. A new term is proposed that characterizes the change in microhardness in the volume of the cured polymer: “Volume anisotropy coefficient”.
Processes of the directed synthesis and modifi cation of polymers
Authors: Lavrov N. А.
Published: November 2019

The results of work of the Department of Chemical Technology of Plastics of the St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) on the study of polymerization and copolymerization of monomers in the presence of highly efficient initiating systems, on the development of processes of the directed synthesis and modification of polymers to create new polymeric materials for medical and biological purposes are summarized.
Dispersion polymerization of n-butylacrylate under the action of acrylic acid and N-isopropylacrylamide copolymers
Authors: Serkhacheva N. S. , Chernikova E. V. , Prokopov N. I. , Balashov M. S. , Ogay V. V. , Toms R. V.
Published: November 2019

The regularities of dispersion radical polymerization of n-butylacrylate in water-alcohol medium under the action of polymer tritiocarbonates based on copolymers of acrylic acid and N-isopropylacrylamide have been investigated. The conditions for the formation of a block copolymer with controlled molecular weight and high yield have been found. The conditions of formation of stable suspensions of block copolymers with unimodal particle size distribution have been determined.
Isotherms of crystallization of nanocomposites on the basis of low density polyethylene and ash of domestic wastes
Authors: Mammadli U. M. , Gasanova A. A. , Mustafayeva F. A. , Gadzhiev R. Sh. , Kurbanova R. V. , Kakhramanov N. T.
Published: November 2019

The dilatometry method was used to study the effect of the concentration of domestic waste ash on the dependence of the specific volume of nanocomposites based on low density polyethylene on the temperature. The kinetics of crystallization in the first-order phase transition zone has been studied. The mechanism of crystallization depending on the filler concentration is established.
Polymer packaging materials for foodstuffs: classification, functions and requirements
Authors: Ukhartseva I. Yu. , Tsvetkova Е. A. , Goldade V. А.
Published: November 2019

The main functions and requirements of packaging materials for foodstuffs are characterized. The classification of modern polymer packaging materials is discussed along with their properties and fields of their applications
Obtaining and prospects for the use of hydrazide N-vinylsuccinamic acid copolymers as a carrier of biofunctional substances with directional effect
Authors: Shal’nova L. I. , Lavrov N. A.
Published: November 2019

Water-soluble (co) polymers of N-vinylsuccinamic acid hydrazide are obtained as a result of polymer-analogous transformations in the interaction of hydrazine-hydrate of vinyl acetate copolymers with vinyl succinimide and polyvinyl succinimide. Using IR spectroscopy, potentiometric titration, elemental analysis, their structure and composition were established. The possibility of using copolymers as carriers of biofunctional substances of an acidic nature is shown.
ANALISIS TATANIAGA KOPRA DI DESA BALOBONE KECAMATAN MAWASANGKA KABUPATEN BUTON TENGAH
Authors: Alzarliani Waode
Published: November 2019

This research was conducted in Balobone Village, Mawasangka Sub-district, Central Buton Regency. Coconut farmers in Balobone village have problems, in addition to the low quality of copra as well as price fluctuations in a short time often occur in copra marketing so that it affects the marketing efficiency that is formed. For this reason, a comprehensive assessment of the most efficient copra marketing system needs to be carried out, so that it can provide a proportional income contribution for farmers. The objectives of this study are: (1) Knowing copra marketing channels in Balobone Village; (2) Knowing the number of costs, margins and profits received by each marketing institution involved in copra marketing in Balobone Village; (3) Analyzing copra market performance in Balobone Village through analysis of marketing margins and producer share. The sampling procedure is carried out in an institutional approach with a snowball sampling method with the amount adjusted to field conditions and research analysis needs. Marketing channel analysis is done descriptively qualitatively to see the pattern of marketing channels formed during the copra drainage process from producer farmers to exporter traders. The conclusions of the research are (1) Farmers in marketing copra produced through 2 patterns of marketing channels, namely: a. The pattern I Marketing Channels: Inter-island Traders Surabaya Big Surabaya Traders. (2) The result of Analysis of Marketing Margin 1 received by traders shows that the marketing margin of the village collecting trader is IDR 600/Kg, costs IDR 350/Kg, Profits IDR 250/Kg, while the marketing margin of the big traders in Baubau Town is IDR 3,700/kg, with the cost IDR 1,354.5/kg, the profit received is IDR 2,543.5 / kg. Pattern 2 marketing margin received by inter-island traders is IDR 4,300, with a total cost of IDR 1,354.5/Kg, with a profit of IDR 2,945.5/Kg; (3) The percentage of the price received by farmers from each of the marketing channels I patterns is 53% and the marketing channel pattern 2 is 53. Thus, the copra marketing system of the 2 marketing channel patterns formed in Balobone Village is efficient. Farmers Desa Trader Village Collectors Besar Big Traders I (Exporters); (b) Marketing Channel Pattern II: Farmers.

 

Keywords: Copra, marketing margins, marketing channels
ANALISIS EFISIENSI DAN KEUNTUNGAN USAHATANI JAGUNG DI DESA WARINTA KECAMATAN PASARWAJO KABUPATEN BUTON
Authors: Muzuna Muzuna
Published: November 2019

The research objectives are as follows: (1) To determine the level of efficiency in the use of seed, fertilizer and labor production factors in corn farming in Warinta Village, Pasarwajo Sub-district, Buton Regency; and (2) To find out the great benefits of corn farming in Warinta Village, Pasarwajo Sub-district, Buton Regency. The population in this study were all farmers engaged in maize in Warinta Village, Pasarwajo Sub-district, Buton Regency, amounting to 32 people because the population was less than 100 and the sample was taken by the census. To estimate the production function of maize farming, the frontier production function equation model is used as follows: Ln Y = β0 + β1lnX1 + β2lnX2 + β3lnX3 + e and to calculate the price efficiency, the production function used is: NPMX = PX or NPMX / PX = 1. The conclusions of the results of the study are: (1) Large factor prices efficiency of labor production amounted to 0.8670. There needs to be a reduction in labor outpouring factors so that efficient use of labor can be achieved; (2) The efficiency of the price of fertilizer production factor is 11.1422. It is necessary to add fertilizer production factors so that the efficiency of fertilizer use can be achieved; (3) The amount of efficiency in the price of seed production factors is 3.9604. Need for additional seed production factors so that efficient use of seedlings is achieved; and (4) The average income of a one-time hybrid corn farmer in Warinta Village, Pasarwajo District, Buton Regency is IDR 5,923,543.88 with an average total revenue of IDR 7,361,046.88 and the total cost incurred in the amount of IDR 1,437 .502.99.

 Keywords: corn farming, price efficiency
ANALISIS PENGARUH FAKTOR- FAKTOR PRODUKSI TERHADAP PENDAPATAN USAHATANI BAWANG MERAH DI DESA LAPANDEWA MAKMUR KECAMATAN LAPANDEWA KABUPATEN BUTON SELATAN
Authors: Alzarliani Waode
Published: November 2019

This research was conducted in Lapandewa Makmur Village of Lapandewa sub-district of South Buton Regency, which takes place from June to July 2015. The aims of this research were : 1) to know what the area of land, seed, fertilizer, tanager labor simulates significant effect on farm incomes onion; 2) whether a land area is a partially significant effect on farm incomes onion; 3) whether the seed is partially significant effect on farm incomes onion; 4) whether the fertilizer is partially significant effect on farm incomes onion; 5) whether the workforce is partially significant effect on farm incomes onion. The purpose of this research were; 1) to determine the effect of land seed fertilizer, and labor on the farm income of onion, 2) to determine the effect of land on onion farming income, 3) to determine the effec1 of seed on onion farming income, 4) to determine the effect of fertilizer on onion farming income, 5) to determine the effect of employment on onion farming income. The population in this research is the overall farmers who cultivate plants of onion totaling 160 people. The determination of samples was done by simple random sampling so that the number of samples obtained as many as 40 people. Furthermore, the data tabulated and analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis techniques to find out whether there is an influence of socio-economic characteristics of the respondent against the productivity of farmers in onion farming. The results of the analysis conducted regression equation Y = 628566.433 + 5166123.665X1 + 0.0821X2 + 13.646X3 - 0.103X4 + e; The results of the research suggest that there as significant factors of production on onion farming income with adjusted R Square at 0.514. This shows that the factors of production together have the same influence on onion farming income of 51.4% and the remaining 48.6% is influenced by other factors. The value of significance for land area (X1) =0.026; seeds (X2) = 0.893; fertilizer (X3) = 0.024; labor (X4) = 0.854. The value of the probability obtained each of these variables is smaller when compared to the significance or confidence level 5%> or 0.05 then it can be said of the variable land area and fertilizer have significant effect, while labor (X4) and seeds (X2) have not significantly affected the revenues of onion farming.

 Keywords: revenue, costs of production, cocoa
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHATANI KAKAO DI DESA SIONTAPINA KECAMATAN LASALIMU SELATAN KABUPATEN BUTON
Authors: Suriadi Suriadi
Published: November 2019

This research aims to analyze the amount of income earned by farmers from cocoa farming. This research was conducted from May to June 2013 in Siontapina village of Lasalimu Sub-district of Buton Regency. The research sample is determined by sample random techniques (Simple random sampling method) with 30 people. Research data obtained through direct interviews with farmer respondents using a questionnaire. While secondary data is obtained from the village office/administrative and related institutions were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively used to determine the level of income by the formula : N1 = TR- TC, TR = P x Q, TC = TFC + TVC, comparative analysis: Revenue - cost ratio for comparing the difference between the value of production and the cost of production by the formula RC ratio : R/C = Revenue (TR) / Total Cost (TC). The results showed that the income earned by farmers from cocoa farming with land area ranges between 1 to 3 ha of IDR 8,109,000 - 35,437,000/year, with income per capita monthly average IDR 675,750,00 so that Siontapina village had not been considered poor, the average income earned by farmers in cocoa farming with land area- average of 2,05 hectares of IDR 18,426,767/year. Cocoa farming by farmers still does because based on the results of feasibility analysis obtained a value of 5.7. This illustrates that every cost IDR 1.00 incurred by farmers will gain acceptance by IDR 5.7. So, farmers are expected to carry cocoa farming is more responsive and responsive to the presence of new technologies that can increase cocoa production.

 

Keywords: revenue, cost of production, cocoa.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK INOVASI DENGAN TINGKAT ADOPSI PETANI TERHADAP KOMPONEN PENGENDALIAN HAMA TERPADU (PHT) PADI SAWAH DI KELURAHAN LIABUKU KECAMATAN BUNGI KOTA BAUBAU
Authors: Purnamasari Wa Ode Dian
Published: November 2019

This research was conducted from November to December 2018 in Liabuku Village, Bungi Subdistrict, Baubau Town, with the aim of knowing the characteristics of innovation consisting of relative advantages, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability and types of innovation decisions in SLPHT rice plants; know the level of adoption of SLPHT farmers for integrated pest control components; know the relationship between the characteristics of innovation consisting of relative advantages, compatibility, complexity, trialability and observability, as well as the type of innovation decisions with the level of SLPHT farmers' adoption of the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) component. The number of respondents was 30 who had attended SLPHT. The data analysis technique used is the analysis of the average and standard deviations and Spearman rank correlation test. To find out the difference in the level of adoption of the IPM components of rice between SLPHT and Non-SLPHT farmers using the t-test. Based on the results of research and discussion, it is found that the characteristics of innovation of farmers provide a relative advantage for farmers, 60% of farmers say there is compatibility of trialability with pest control needs, and 40% of respondents state that innovation is sometimes not according to needs. The adoption rate of SLPHT farmers to the IPM component was 40% of farmers using varieties of lowland rice according to recommendations, 60% using superior rice not in accordance with recommendations. For fertilization, 20% of farmers fertilize according to recommendations, and 80% of farmers fertilize not according to recommendations. For integrated pest control, 50% of farmers conduct IPM, the remaining 50% carry out pest control with certain techniques. For the use of natural enemies, 83.33% of farmers did not utilize natural enemies, the rest, 16.67% did not use natural enemies. For routine observations, 90% of farmers do routine observations but not every week, only 10% of farmers do every week. And observations made are only part of the observation stages. For the wise use of pesticides, all farmers combine pesticides with other techniques. There is a significant relationship between the characteristics of compatibility innovation with the use of natural enemies as indicated by the sig correlation value is 0.05 smaller. There is a significant relationship between complexity with routine observations which is shown by the correlation sig value is 0.013 smaller 0.05. 

 

Keywords: Relationship, characteristics, innovation, adoption, IPM, farmers, lowland rice
ANALISA PENDAPATAN PENGGUNAAN PUPUK BOKASI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN KOL DI KELURAHAN LIABUKU KECAMATAN BUNGI KOTA BAUBAU
Authors: Hardin Hardin
Published: November 2019

This study aims to: (1) To determine the amount of income obtained from farming vegetable cabbage farmer using Bokashi fertilizer in Liabuku Village, Bungi Sub-District Baubau Town; (2) To determine the feasibility value cabbage vegetable farming using Bokashi fertilizer in Liabuku Village, Bungi Sub-District Baubau Town. The population in this study were 5 people using Bokashi fertilizer on farm cabbage and five people who do not use fertilizer Bokashi, because the number of respondents who undertake entirely cabbage only 10 people, the study included a census type research. So, taken as a whole as an object of research is 10 respondents. The conclusion of this study is: (1) The total income obtained from farming vegetable cabbage farmers using Bokashi fertilizer IDR. 45.65 million, - whereas without the use of fertilizers Dokashi is IDR. 33.9 million, (2) The value of R / C-ratio derived from vegetable farming cabbage using Bokashi in Sub Liabuku is 5.72 while without using Bokashi is 3.68, so it is worth the effort; (3) The use of Bokashi fertilizer can reduce expenses in cabbage vegetable crop farming and increasing farmers' income.

 

Keywords: Fertilizer Bokashi, Cabbage Vegetable Revenue
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK SOSIAL EKONOMI TERHADAP PRODUKSI JAMBU METE DI DESA BANTEA KECAMATAN GU KABUPATEN BUTON TENGAH
Authors: Mustari La Ode Muhammad
Published: November 2019

The study discusses economic social characteristic influence on the production of Jambu mete in Bantea Village, Subdistrict of Gu Central Buton Regency. This study discusses the influence of socio-economic characteristics of the production of cashew in Bantea Village, Subdistrict of Gu Central Buton Regency. This study was conducted over three months starting in June until August 2015. The population of this research is that there are cashew farmers, sample taking by the number 28 cashew farmers. Data were collected through interviews using a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results of the study concluded that the cashew nut farmers in Bantea Village, Subdistrict of Gu Central Buton Regency show that socio­economic factors (education, farming experience, number of dependents and land) significantly affected the production of cashew nut farmers. By him it was suggested to farmers, is expected to further enrich the knowledge and insights of the farming handled, especially in terms of the handling of pests and plant diseases, and the government is expected to give more attention to farmers, whether it be the handling of low production due to high rainfall and plant pests and diseases.

Keywords: production, socio-economic, cashew.
Dividend Policy in Indonesian Companies: Does Corporate Governance Matter?
Authors:   Economics Faculty, Universitas Bung Hatta, Indonesia., Zaitul  , Ridwan Muhammad ,   Economics Faculty, Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK, Indonesia., Pratiwi Hanna ,   Economics Faculty, Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK, Indonesia.
Published: November 2019

This study investigates whether corporate governance matters with regards to the dividend policy in Indonesian companies. Previous studies on this subject have mostly been done in developed countries, which have adopted the common law, such as in the US and the UK. This study uses 26 companies operating in the finance industry. Secondary data is used from several sources, such as the annual report and financial statement and related websites. This study uses an independent sample t-test to analyse the data. Corporate governance matters for dividend policy in Indonesian companies. It is evidenced by the fact that there is a significant differ ence in managerial ownership and board size between dividend paid and dividend not paid. Profitability also differs between dividend paid and dividend not paid companies; companies with higher profitability tend to pay dividend. This study provides empirical evidence that corporate governance matters for dividend policy in Indonesian companies. There are two contributions of this study: the result confirms the resource dependence theory and the convergence governance hypothesis.