bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Women’s Representation and Resistance as Depicted in Josephine Chia’s Frog under a Coconut Shell and Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things: A Comparative Study
Authors: Nurrahmawati Nurrahmawati , Puspita Ida
Published: May 2021

This study is aimed to analyze the comparison between women’s representation and resistance in Josephine Chia’s novel Frog under a Coconut Shell from Singapore and The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy from India. By using a comparative literature approach, the research focuses on the differences and similarities in women’s representation and resistance to get gender equality in Singaporean and Indian society. Chia’s novel tells the story of Soon Neo and her daughter, Josephine, who struggles to get their rights as women in the midst of patriarchal Peranakan culture in Singapore, and Roy’s novel tells the story of Ammu and her twins children, Rahel and Estha, who fight against the social rules in India that are discriminative against women and the Untouchable people (Paravan). The research employed a descriptive qualitative analysis method and the theory of liberal feminism. There are similarities in the representation of women who are considered as second class and become the objects both sexually and economically; and restrained by their patriarchal society and culture. The difference of both novels is in the caste system which regulates women's freedom only reflected in The God of Small Things. From the perspective of liberal feminism, the female characters in both novels show resistance in making decision, education, society, and economy. However, resisting inequality in economy is only reflected in Frog under a Coconut Shell while resisting inequality in society is only reflected in The God of Small Things. The direct resistance is demonstrated in verbal and non-verbal ways.
Patient perceptions of joint medical-surgical assessment in a tertiary referral clinic for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Iqbal Nusrat , Sackitey Charlene , Reza Lillian , Warusavitarne Janindra , Tozer Phil , Hart Ailsa
Published: May 2021

Background

Joint medical-surgical inflammatory bowel disease clinics allow simultaneous patient assessment by both a gastroenterologist and surgeon. However, patient perceptions of dual clinician presence have not been adequately assessed. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the patient's view of receiving multidisciplinary care in this clinic.

Methods

Patients attending the medical-surgical inflammatory bowel disease clinic completed questionnaires assessing their attitudes towards the clinic, their overall satisfaction and desired frequency of appointments.

Results

Responses were received from 44 patients, the majority of whom indicated that attendance at the joint medical-surgical clinical made them feel less anxious about their disease, provided consistent messages regarding their care and minimised the number of trips made to hospital. High levels of satisfaction were reported, with 43% stating they preferred joint clinic attendance for every appointment.

Conclusions

Effective inflammatory bowel disease management requires coordinated care across specialties. Simultaneous medical-surgical assessment has practical and emotional benefits, without making patients feel overburdened by the presence of more than one clinician. This supports the streamlining of care for patients with inflammatory bowel disease in specific clinical scenarios.
Review: Ethno-zoological study of animals-based medicine used by traditional healers of North-east India
Authors: HUSSAIN JAFRIN FARHA , Tynsong Hero
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Hussain JF, Tynsong H. 2020. Review: Ethno-zoological study of animals-based medicine used by traditional healers of Northeast India. Asian J Ethnobiol 4: 1-22. For ages, plants and animals have been used in human cultures as therapeutics. Animals have not only acted as a source of food for humans but have also been commonly used in applications such as medicine, clothes, and other related services. The use of animals and animal products in traditional methods of treating diseases, and for many different reasons, dates back to the early days of civilization. Treatment of human diseases using animal-derived products is called zootherapy or ethno-zoology. Despite the worldwide utilization of ethno-zoology in the form of traditional medicines based on animals, a thorough study of zootherapy in comparison to plant-based medicinal research is still ignored. This study highlights available knowledge on ethno-zoological therapeutic applications used by different traditional healers of North-East (NE) India. Concerning the frequency of animal species, the use of mammals and mammalian products is the highest in NE India compared to other animal groups. In contrast, the use of fish-based medicine in the state of Manipur is prevalent compared to other animal species. In Arunachal Pradesh, the use of insects is high in traditional medicines.
Intergenerational transmission of environmental household practices among South Korean families: continuity and change
Authors: Greenspan Itay , Katz-Gerro Tally , Handy Femida , Park Sharon
Published: May 2021

We seek to understand how environmentalism is experienced, discussed and transmitted by South Korean families in the context of changing economic and environmental circumstances. Qualitative interviews with three-generation Korean families are used, in a country characterised in the past fifty years by rapid economic changes alongside continuation of traditional collectivistic social structures. We emphasise the family unit as an arena for the transmission of cultural dispositions, routines, habits and practices across generations. Relying on social practice theoretical framing, our findings suggest that in a mix of continuity and change, family routines are translated into complementing centripetal and centrifugal forces to encompass four themes: transmission processes, routinising of cultural habits, top-down intergenerational transmission with shifting motivations, and top-down intergenerational transmission with declining involvement. We discuss these findings in light of the theoretical heuristic of environmental habitus.
Gourd-shaped hole array germanium (Ge)-on-insulator photodiodes with improved responsivity and specific detectivity at 1,550 nm
Authors: Son Bongkwon , Zhou Hao , Lin Yiding , Lee Kwang Hong , Tan Chuan Seng
Published: May 2021

Gourd-shaped hole array germanium (Ge) vertical p-i-n photodiodes were designed and demonstrated on a germanium-on-insulator (GOI) substrate with the excellent responsivity of 0.74 A/W and specific detectivity of 3.1 × 1010 cm·Hz1/2/W. It is calculated that the gourd-shaped hole design provides a higher optical absorption compared to a cylinder-shaped hole design. As a result, the external quantum efficiency for the gourd-shaped hole array photodetector was enhanced by ∼2.5× at 1,550 nm, comparing with hole-free array photodetectors. In addition, the extracted specific detectivity is superior to that of commercial bulk Ge photodiodes. The 3-dB bandwidth for the hole array photodetectors is improved by ∼10% due to a lower device capacitance. This work paves the way for low-cost and high-performance CMOS compatible photodetectors for Si-based photonic-integrated circuits.
Highly confined dielectric guiding mode in nanoridges embedded in a conventional slot waveguide
Authors: Lin Yu-En , Hsu Wei-Han , Huang Chia-Chien
Published: May 2021

Plasmonic waveguides can offer a promising solution beyond the optical diffraction limit. However, the cost of shrinking mode sizes reflects in metallic ohmic losses that lead to a short propagation distance of light, hindering the practical applications of plasmonic waveguides. Herein, we tackled the practicality of a novel CMOS-compatible all-dielectric waveguide structure that exploits electromagnetic boundary conditions of both the continuous normal component of the electric displacement field and the tangential component of the electric field at a high-index-contrast interface, which allows the attainment of mode areas comparable with those of plasmonic waveguides and theoretical lossless. The proposed waveguide comprises two oppositely contacted nanoridges with semicircular tops embedded in a conventional slot waveguide. By stepping on the strong electric field in the low-index slot region of the slot waveguides, the nanoridges squeeze the mode areas further with a guiding mechanism identical to that of a surrounding slot waveguide. Through the design of the geometry parameters, the calculated mode area of the reported structure achieved an unprecedented order of 4.21 × 10−5 A0, where A0 is the diffraction-limited area. The mode area dependence on fabrication imperfections and spectral response showed the robustness and broadband operation. Moreover, on the basis of extremely tight mode confinements, the present waveguide even outperformed the hybrid plasmonic waveguides in lower crosstalk. The proposed idea makes the realization of practically feasible nanoscale photonic integrated circuits without any obstructions by the limited propagation distance of light for plasmonic waveguides, thereby expanding its applications in various nanophotonic and optoelectronics devices requiring strong light–matter interaction within nanoscale regions.
Real-time wide dynamic range spectrometer using a rapidly wavelength-switchable terahertz parametric source
Authors: Mine Sota , Kawase Kodo , Murate Kosuke
Published: May 2021

In this study, we demonstrate real-time terahertz (THz) spectroscopy using a rapidly wavelength-switchable injection-seeded THz parametric generator. We developed a wavelength-switchable external cavity diode laser using a digital micromirror device as a seed source for the generator. We realized fast acquisition of THz spectra by switching the wavelength of the laser for each pump beam pulse. This system can rapidly switch wavelengths and easily increase the number of measurement wavelengths, and it also has a wide dynamic range, of more than 75 dB, and high stability. Furthermore, by combining this system with THz parametric detection, all wavelengths can be detected in a single frame using a near infrared camera for real-time reagent measurement.
The impact of portal vein tumor thrombosis on survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with different therapies: A cohort study
Authors: Mähringer-Kunz Aline , Steinle Verena , Kloeckner Roman , Schotten Sebastian , Hahn Felix , Schmidtmann Irene , Hinrichs Jan Bernd , Düber Christoph , Galle Peter Robert , Lang Hauke , Weinmann Arndt
Published: May 2021

Background

Portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is a frequent complication of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which leads to classification as advanced stage disease (regardless of the degree of PVTT) according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Classification. For such patients, systemic therapy is the standard of care. However, in clinical reality, many patients with PVTT undergo different treatments, such as resection, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT), or best supportive care (BSC). Here we examined whether patients benefited from such alternative therapies, according to the extent of PVTT.

Methods

This analysis included therapy-naïve patients with HCC and PVTT treated between January 2005 and December 2016. PVTT was classified according to the Liver Cancer study group of Japan as follows: Vp1 = segmental PV invasion; Vp2 = right anterior or posterior PV; Vp3 = right or left PV; Vp4 = main trunk. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed for each treatment subgroup considering the extent of PVTT. We performed Cox regression analysis with adjustment for possible confounders. To further attenuate selection bias, we applied propensity score weighting using the inverse probability of treatment weights.

Results

A total of 278 treatment-naïve patients with HCC and PVTT were included for analysis. The median observed OS in months for each treatment modality (resection, TACE/SIRT, sorafenib, BSC, respectively) was 32.4, 8.1, N/A, and 1.7 for Vp1; 10.7, 6.9, 5.5, and 1.2 for Vp2; 6.6, 7.5, 2.9, and 0.6 for Vp3; and 8.0, 3.6, 5.3, and 0.7 for Vp4. Thus, the median OS in the resection group in case of segmental PVTT (Vp1) was significantly longer compared to any other treatment group (all p values <0.01).

Conclusions

Treatment strategy for HCC with PVTT should not be limited to systemic therapy in general. The extent of PVTT should be considered when deciding on treatment alternatives. In patients with segmental PVTT (Vp1), resection should be evaluated.
Population-based incidence rates and increased risk of EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer in Māori and Pacifica in New Zealand
Authors: Aye Phyu Sin , McKeage Mark James , Tin Tin Sandar , Khwaounjoo Prashannata , Elwood J Mark
Published: May 2021

Background

Non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutation benefit from targeted treatments. Previous studies reported EGFR mutation-positive proportions among tested non-squamous NSCLC patients. However, incidence rates and population risk of EGFR mutation-positive and EGFR mutation-negative non-squamous NSCLC have not been assessed. This study therefore aimed to estimate the population-based incidence rates of EGFR mutation-positive and EGFR mutation-negative non-squamous NSCLC in different population groups defined by sex, ethnic group and smoking status.

Methods

This study included data from all non-squamous NSCLC patients diagnosed in northern New Zealand between 1/02/2010 and 31/07/2017 (N = 3815), obtained from a population-based cancer registry. Age-specific incidence rates, WHO age-standardised rates (ASRs) and rates adjusted for incomplete testing were calculated for EGFR mutation-positive and EGFR mutation-negative diseases for the study cohort as a whole and subgroups of patients.

Results

Among 3815 patients, 45% were tested for EGFR mutations; 22.5% of those tested were EGFR mutation-positive. The ASR of EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC was 5.05 (95%CI 4.71–5.39) per 100,000 person-years. ASRs for EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC were higher for females than males: standardised incidence ratio (SIR) 1.50 (1.31–1.73); higher for Pacifica, Asians and Māori compared with New Zealand Europeans: SIRs 3.47 (2.48–4.85), 3.35 (2.62–4.28), and 2.02 (1.43–2.87), respectively; and, only slightly increased in ever-smokers compared with never-smokers: SIR 1.25 (1.02–1.53). In contrast, the ASR of EGFR mutation-negative NSCLC was 17.39 (16.75–18.02) per 100,000 person-years, showing a strong association with smoking; was higher for men; highest for Māori, followed by Pacifica and then New Zealand Europeans, and lowest for Asians. When corrected for incomplete testing, SIRs by sex, ethnicity and smoking, for both diseases, remained similar to those based on tested patients.

Conclusion

The population risk of EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC was significantly higher for Māori and Pacifica compared with New Zealand Europeans.
Analyzing the importance of attributes for Brazilian consumers to replace conventional beef with cultured meat
Authors: de Oliveira Gabriela Andrade , Domingues Carla Heloisa de Faria , Borges João Augusto Rossi
Published: May 2021

Cultured meat has been proposed as an alternative source of protein to overcome the environmental and ethical problems associated with conventional meat production. However, the lack of consumers’ acceptance could be a major barrier to the introduction of cultured meat on a large scale. Despite Brazil being one of the countries that consumes the most meat per capita, little is known about Brazilian consumers’ preferences for alternative meat. The objective of this study is to identify which attributes influence consumers to possibly replace conventional beef meat with cultured meat in Brazil. An online survey was conducted, and Best-worst scaling methodology was applied to a sample of 225 consumers. The sampling leaned towards educated and employed residents of the southeast region of Brazil, which might not fully represent the Brazilian population. Despite limitations in terms of the sampling demographic, overall, Brazilians appear to be willing to consume cultured meat: 80.9% of the sample would be willing to try it, 61.3% would be willing to eat it regularly, and 56.9% would be willing to eat cultured meat as a replacement for conventionally produced beef. Despite the focus of this study being on attributes of a hypothetical product that is not commercially available, which might pose difficulty to consumers to predict their future consumption behavior, results show that the most important attributes influencing consumers to possibly replace conventional beef meat by cultured meat in Brazil are anticipated risk of zoonotic diseases, anticipated healthiness and anticipated food safety conditions. Attributes related to benefits at a global societal level and intrinsic characteristics of cultured meat were less important.
Sphere ecology: Peter Sloterdijk’s spatial-analytic approach to media environments
Authors: Stoneman Ethan
Published: May 2021

This article makes the case for reading the German philosopher and cultural theorist Peter Sloterdijk as a media ecologist. Tracing the media ecological implications of what is perhaps his most significant work, the three-volume Spheres project, it argues that Sloterdijk’s spatial analysis of human habitats, what he terms spherology, can be interpreted as offering a promising, distinctive approach to the study of media as environments. By redescribing media as morpho-immunological spheres, or shared spatial interiors, Sloterdijk recasts both human existence and sociocultural change as the result of the interplay or mediation between a relative enclosure into a protective space and a world considered to be outside. This framework, which enables Sloterdijk to chart a grand narrative of globalization, yields a therapeutic methodological strategy by means of which media ecologists may increase the spacious dimensions of the world while strengthening the immune systems of newly designed artificial atmospheres.
Incomplete Nature: How Mind Emerged from Matter, Terence W. Deacon (2011)
Authors: Petricini Tiffany
Published: May 2021

Review of: Incomplete Nature: How Mind Emerged from Matter, Terence W. Deacon (2011)

New York: Norton, 624 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-39334-390-8, h/bk, $24.13, p/bk, $19.95, Kindle $9.99
Metode Accumulative Difference Images untuk Mendeteksi Berhentinya Putaran Kincir Air
Authors: Priadana Adri , Murdiyanto Aris Wahyu
Published: May 2021

Vannamei shrimp is one of Indonesia's fishery commodities with great potential to be developed. One of the essential things in shrimp farming is a source of dissolved oxygen (DO) or a sufficient amount of oxygen content, which can be maintained by placing a waterwheel driven by a generator set engine called a generator. To keep the waterwheel running, the cultivators must continue to monitor it in real-time. Based on these problems, we need a method that can be used to detect the cessation of waterwheel rotation in shrimp ponds that focuses on the rotation of the waterwheel. This study aims to analyze the performance of the Accumulative Difference Images (ADI) method to detect the stopped waterwheel-spinning. This method was chosen because compared with the method that only compares the differences between two frames in each process, the ADI method is considered to reduce the error-rate. After all, it is taken from the results of the value of several frames' accumulated movement. The ADI method's application to detect the stopped waterwheel-spinning gives an accuracy of 95.68%. It shows that the ADI method can be applied to detect waterwheels' stop in shrimp ponds with a very good accuracy value.
Chercheur-communicant ou communicant-chercheur : un médiateur de communautés
Authors: Cotton Anne-Marie
Published: May 2021

Comment composer avec les difficiles relations entre chercheurs et praticiens lorsqu’on réunit ces deux identités professionnelles en une seule et même personne ? Vise-t-on à élaborer des savoirs considérés comme scientifiques par la communauté des chercheurs ou comme exploitables par des praticiens pour décider de leur action (Déry, 1997) ? A qui adresser ses recherches pour acquérir soit la crédibilité (Arber, 2005), soit un certain prestige (Déry et Toulouse, 1994) ? Comment vivre la distanciation par rapport au travail quotidien et aux injonctions du temps court de l’action professionnelle versus le temps long de la réflexion académique ? Une meilleure mise en perspective des productions, une réelle transformation des théories et des analyses en connaissances opérationnelles permettent-elles de mettre les théories et les concepts à l’épreuve de leurs savoirs pratiques et inversément ces savoirs pratiques nourrissent-ils le travail épistémique (Avenier, 2004) ? Le vécu de quatorze chercheurs-communicants de 7 nationalités différentes illustre l’apport de la pratique à la recherche en SIC mais aussi les défis auxquels ils sont confrontés.
Quelle place pour la recherche dans l'apprentissage des métiers de la communication ?
Authors: De la Broise Patrice , Foli Olivia , Léonard Erika , Matuszak Céline , Saint-Georges Marie-Ève
Published: May 2021

Sur la base d’une étude conduite en collaboration avec le CFA Formasup en région Hauts-de-France, il s’agit d’observer ce que « la recherche fait à l’apprentissage » et, réciproquement, ce que « l’apprentissage fait à la recherche » dans la diversité des projets pédagogiques en Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication et des besoins en recherche exprimés par les structures d’accueil. En bref, il s’agit d’apprécier les formes et la valeur ajoutée de la recherche dans les dispositifs de formation à la communication par voie d’apprentissage.
La prescription de la mesure de la communication dans la formation professionnelle : extension du modèle gestionnaire et conceptions de la communication
Authors: Seurrat Aude
Published: May 2021

La formation professionnelle courte à la communication est un terrain d’étude privilégié pour examiner les normes qui circulent sur la professionnalisation des communicateurs. Cet article analyse plus précisément les formes d’évaluation de la communication prescrites dans les formations à la stratégie et au plan de communication afin de voir en quoi elles participent de l’extension de la pensée gestionnaire ainsi que de la normalisation de conceptions instrumentales de la communication.
Le réseau social d’entreprise, un dispositif de mesure de l’activité et d’évaluation des collaborateurs ?
Authors: Imhoff Camille
Published: May 2021

Cet article rend compte d’une étude de terrain menée entre 2015 et 2017 au sein de huit organisations pour observer la mise en place de réseau social d’entreprise entre les ambitions affichées de rupture avec l’organisation traditionnelle et la continuité avec des pratiques anciennes pourtant vécue par les collaborateurs. Nous questionnons la spécificité de la mesure de l’activité sur les plateformes collaboratives en contexte organisationnel. Si les outils de mesure sont peu développés par les entreprises pour l’instant dans le sens d’une mesure systématisée de l’activité des salariés sur les plateformes étudiées, ils font l’objet d’un véritable intérêt. Nous analysons dans un premier temps comment cette ambition de la mesure se manifeste aujourd’hui. Par-delà la mesure au sens strict, c’est-à-dire la quantification explicite, systématisée et chiffrée de l’activité, il existe actuellement une évaluation, un contrôle et une valorisation assez implicite de la participation. Dans un deuxième temps, nous abordons les conséquences de ces nouvelles techniques de mesure de l’activité salariée en termes d’enjeux de professionnalisation de la communication. Il ressort de notre enquête de terrain une diffusion large des attentes communicationnelles non réservées aux seuls professionnels de la communication et l’émergence du rôle central de l’animateur de communauté.
The State of Women and Women’s Education at the Beginning of Tokugawa Shogunate (1603-1651)
Authors: Surya Riza Afita , Kaluge Teresa Angelina
Published: May 2021

This study attempted to draw a more critical analysis of women and their education at the beginning of the Tokugawa period. Tokugawa, or the Edo period in Japan, was a warrior society. It is one of the most studied fields for many scholars as it highlighted the feature of Japanese culture until today. In Japan, women’s studies began in the 1970s, which is considered late than Western. Recently, there is still limited research regarding women’s education activities being conducted under the Tokugawa shogunate. This study engaged historical methods, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. At the beginning of the Tokugawa era, women’s education was varied based on social status and families’ occupation. The gap of education between men and women and noblewomen and commoners is a mystifying matter as some historical accounts address the contrary facts. Many historical writings indicate that women at the beginning of the Tokugawa period experienced great repression and hierarchical subjugation. However, several accounts addressing the role of women during Tokugawa were relatively better as women received fitted and suitable education during the period. Therefore, it is necessary to identify Tokugawa’s social and political context more closely than making the judgment based on how it used to be since many classical historiographies in the past solely focus on the ruling class. Finally, the time needed for education equality toward women in Japan indicating that education was important for the whole population that would need to be given to all.
Demographic policies for large families in Greece: an opinion survey and implications for the social administration
Authors: Stamoulis Dimitrios S. , Lambrou Dimitrios N.
Published: May 2021

Opinion surveys as a tool for policy formation and effectiveness testing in the area of demographic / family policies is rather neglected, although it may reveal significant perceived effectiveness and preference rankings by the recipients of these policies, giving a strong indication of what works best for families who are thinking of or have already been accredited the status of a large family. In an era of demographic decline and fiscal constraints, demographic / family policies need to be focused on what parents consider as important in order to affect their decisions. Given that the demographic decline has a negative cascading effect on several aspects of economy, society and personal life, selecting the policies that work best according to parents’ views who are the decision makers in these policy field, should be an imperative for governments nowadays.
Indirect skill assessment using AI technology
Authors: TOUNTOPOULOU MARIA , Vlachaki Fotini , Daras Petros , Vretos Nicholas , Christoforidis Aristeidis
Published: May 2021

In the new context of transitional, mobilised and globalised labour markets, an urgent need has emerged for meaningful assessment tools, methods and techniques to measure and recognize the workers’ skills. This paper aims to present a novel approach in skill assessment developed under NADINE H2020 project, the indirect skill assessment, as an alternative or supplement to the traditional selection methods. AI technology is utilised to facilitate the indirect skill assessment via two agnostic content serious games (Tetris and 2048), based on the evaluation of an individual’s performance in playing a game outside a situational judgement test (SJT) context. Novel datasets have been developed, comprised of game sessions and the corresponding skill assessments of the players through validated psychometric questionnaires, which were the basis for the algorithm training that would provide the estimation of a player’s skillset.  The trained neural models for both games proved to have strong skill assessment capabilities, indicating that there is indeed a correlation between a person’s action sequence and his/her different skills.
Factors Contributing to African Women’ Success in the Diaspora
Authors: Maganda Dainess M.
Published: May 2021

Gender plays a vital role in different aspects of development. Much research on women empowerment and economic development has focused on the disparity between male and female, especially the salaries they receive and some focus on women not equally contributing economically to their societies. Scholars agree that women contribute greatly to their family’ economic development. Through a questionnaire involving 20 African women from more than 5 African countries who currently reside in America and England, this study explores factors which contribute to their academic and professional success in the diaspora. Data seems to suggest that family support, modification of gender roles, and faith contribute to the academic and professional success of African women outside of Africa. The study shows the need to transcend cultural norms regarding gender roles to ensure women’ success in their professions wherever they reside, thus enabling them to make a sound contribution to their families’ and communities’ economic development.
Social Reality and Cultural Propagation in Funke Akindele-Bello’s Jenifa’s Diary
Authors: Okpadah Stephen Ogheneruro
Published: May 2021

Apart from originating contemporary norms and cultures among its viewers, Nigerian television series portray new and emerging constructions and practices that the populace is able to identify with. Recently, one television series that has become popular in Nigeria is Jenifa’s Diary. Its popularity stems from its incorporation of the Nigerian English, the British English and the indigenous Yoruba language, as well as the antics and codification(s) of the eponymous character, Jennifer. Her utility of a distinctive English language which deviates from the Nigerian Pidgin and the British English, has made this series popular among viewers. This has created a new linguistic culture and also appropriated what I term the Jenifanlingua franca. It is not a rarity to see children, teenagers and adults communicate in the same manner as Jennifer. Against this backdrop, this paper examines Funke Akindele-Bello’s television series Jenifa’s Diary as Nigerian social reality and a medium for cultural propagation. This study examines socio-cultural nuances in Jenifas Diary. The research is qualitative as it utilises the literary and content analysis methods. The study reveals that Jenifa’s Diary captures the plight of the African been to in the Western world and that the television serial is rich with its incorporation of the Nigerian Pidgin English, the British English and some indigenous Nigerian languages such as the Yoruba language, as well as the antics and codification(s) of the eponymous character, Jennifer. While Jenifa’s Diary and other Nigerian television series are products of social realities, they also create spaces for new socio-cultural landscapes. The study has been able to explain the imperative of television series on the Nigerian socio-cultural space. Cineastes should produce television serials that will educate and stimulate the populace towards becoming better people in the society.
Magyar László és a természettudományok
Authors: Biernaczky Szilárd
Published: May 2021

Not long ago we were celebrating the 200th anniversary of one of the most known Hungarian Africanist László Magyar’s birthday. This paper seeks to offer on overview of many of Magyar’s observations in different fields of the natural sciences, which so far has not yet been discussed in details. Looking into his legacy, we can reveal many of his talents and knowledge in map-making, geography, agriculture, or demography, which may provide further ideas for more scientific research.
Partnership status: It’s complicated. Reflections on the “undiscussables” in a student-staff partnership.
Authors: Knaggs Angie , Leonard Jessica , Dharmaseta Clarissa , Griffin Aimee
Published: May 2021

Our intention in this reflective essay is to make sense of the ways our partnership worked and didn’t work, the inherent tensions within it, with the hope of contributing to broader scholarly conversations about engaging in student-staff partnerships.
A New Low-Activity Nuclear Density Gauge for Soil Density Measurements
Authors: Dep Linus , Troxler Robert E. , Sawyer James , Mwimba Sumuna
Published: May 2021

For decades, nuclear density gauges have been used to measure the density and moisture content of soil during compaction testing in road and embankment construction. Worldwide regulatory agencies consider nuclear density gauges as controlled devices because of their inclusion of radioisotope sources. Regulatory requirements, such as the need for licensing, special storage, special transportation procedures, gauge operator training, and personal dosimetry, have become burdens for gauge users. Recently, a new nuclear density gauge for measuring soil wet density was declared exempt from licensing and other nuclear regulatory requirements in the United States. The new gauge uses an extremely low-activity radioisotope source. It further incorporates a separate probe operating on electromagnetic principles for soil moisture measurement or any other moisture measurement method the user desires. This paper presents the design features and measurement properties of this low-activity nuclear density gauge and its associated moisture probe. The measurement properties were determined from laboratory and field studies that were conducted in North Carolina, United States. These studies showed that the sensitivity and precision of wet density measurements made by the low-activity nuclear density gauge were similar to those made by a conventional nuclear density gauge. The wet density measurements made by the low-activity gauge and conventional gauge showed a strong correlation and agreement. For the two field sites studied, a silty sand subbase and a cement-treated aggregate base course, the dry density agreement between the low-activity nuclear density gauge/moisture probe and the conventional nuclear density gauge was within 3 lb/ft3 (48 kg/m3).
Consolider ses apprentissages à distance : un virage à 360°
Authors: Tardif Suzie , Boulanger Étienne , Maltais Martin
Published: May 2021

Depuis quelques années, deux enseignants-chercheurs du collège d’Alma (Lac-Saint-Jean) ont développé une expertise en pédagogie immersive. Bien que leurs travaux liés à la vidéo 360° aient débuté avant la pandémie de COVID-19, ils ont suscité énormément d’intérêt auprès de divers intervenants pendant celle-ci. Le contexte, la mise en œuvre et les retombées de cette pratique pédagogique innovante seront dès lors décrits dans cet article.
The Integrin Signaling Network Promotes Axon Regeneration via the Src–Ephexin–RhoA GTPase Signaling Axis
Authors: Sakai Yoshiki , Tsunekawa Mayuka , Ohta Kohei , Shimizu Tatsuhiro , Pastuhov Strahil , Hanafusa Hiroshi , Hisamoto Naoki , Matsumoto Kunihiro
Published: May 2021

Axon regeneration is an evolutionarily conserved process essential for restoring the function of damaged neurons. InCaenorhabditis eleganshermaphrodites, initiation of axon regeneration is regulated by the RhoA GTPase–ROCK (Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase)–regulatory nonmuscle myosin light-chain phosphorylation signaling pathway. However, the upstream mechanism that activates the RhoA pathway remains unknown. Here, we show that axon injury activates TLN-1/talin via the cAMP–Epac (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP)–Rap GTPase cascade and that TLN-1 induces multiple downstream events, one of which is integrin inside-out activation, leading to the activation of the RhoA–ROCK signaling pathway. We found that the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Src, a key mediator of integrin signaling, activates the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor EPHX-1/ephexin by phosphorylating the Tyr-568 residue in the autoinhibitory domain. Our results suggest that theC. elegansintegrin signaling network regulates axon regeneration via the Src–RhoGEF–RhoA axis.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe ability of axons to regenerate after injury is governed by cell-intrinsic regeneration pathways. We have previously demonstrated that theCaenorhabditis elegansRhoA GTPase–ROCK (Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase) pathway promotes axon regeneration by inducing MLC-4 phosphorylation. In this study, we found that axon injury activates TLN-1/talin through the cAMP–Epac (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP)–Rap GTPase cascade, leading to integrin inside-out activation, which promotes axonal regeneration by activating the RhoA signaling pathway. In this pathway, SRC-1/Src acts downstream of integrin activation and subsequently activates EPHX-1/ephexin RhoGEF by phosphorylating the Tyr-568 residue in the autoinhibitory domain. Our results suggest that theC. elegansintegrin signaling network regulates axon regeneration via the Src–RhoGEF–RhoA axis.
The Myth of the Omnipotent Leader
Authors: Richardson James T.
Published: May 2021

Theorizing about leadership in new religious movements has often assumed that leaders have a powerful form of charisma with magical powers allowing leaders to exercise total control over the group and its members. This “myth of the omnipotent leader” is complemented by the “myth of the passive and brainwashed follower,” which assumes that those who participate have their agency overcome by the leader’s charisma and are under some sort of spell cast by the leader. Both myths mislead and belie societal conditions that lead to the formation of new religions as well as the inherent agency of those who participate. Examples from research on newer religious groups are presented to demonstrate the naiveté of assuming that the intertwined myths promoted in the media offer a full and adequate explanation of group formation and decisions by individuals to participate.
The Narrative of Ma Anand Sheela
Authors: Frisk Liselotte
Published: May 2021

This article will discuss charisma and institutionalization in the Rajneesh/Osho movement between 1981 and 1985, during its Rajneeshpuram, Oregon phase, based on an interview with Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh’s former secretary, known as Ma Anand Sheela. A model by sociologist Roy Wallis with different possibilities for the charismatic leader to respond to institutionalization will be applied, and a previous application by sociologist Susan J. Palmer will be discussed. I argue that Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh, later known as Osho, was more active in the institutionalization of the movement than is depicted by the group, and that legal reasons may have been the motivation for both his vow of silence from 1981 to 1984 and the creation of the religion Rajneeshism in 1983.
Optimization of the efficiency of permeable thermoelectric elements for air conditioner applicatons
Authors: Cherkez R.G. , Lastivka M.S. , Gukova A.S.
Published: May 2021

The optimization of permeable thermoelement for thermoelectric air conditioner unit based is presented. In the thermoelectric air conditioner unit the air flow is cooled due to a combined action of thermoelectric effects and the Joule-Thomson effect. Methods for calculation of temperature distribution, determination of power conversion energy characteristics and thermoelement design in maximum COP mode are discussed. Results of computer studies for the case of thermoelement legs based on Bi2Te3 material have shown the possibility of COP increase by a factor of 1.6-1.7 as compared to conventional thermoelectric systems.
Vaikų medikamentinės alergijos ypatumai
Authors:   , Stirbienė Neringa
Published: May 2021

Peculiarities of drug allergy in children
Relationship between post-op central corneal thickness and steroid-induced ocular hypertension following myopic photorefractive keratectomy
Authors: Manzoor Hina , Batool Asma , Akram Saba , Khalil Iqra , Affi Ammara
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between Post-op central corneal thickness and steroid-induced ocular hypertension following myopic photorefractive keratectomy. Methods: This longitudinal analytical study was carried on 50 patients, both gender and age ranging from 20-40 years who had undergone myopic PRK refractive surgery. The data collected from The Department of Ophthalmology in Madina Teaching Hospital Faisalabad in the duration of 11 months from July 2019 to May 2020. IOP measured by Goldmann applanation tonometer. Recorded IOP greater than 21mmHg was considered as Ocular hypertension (OHT). The post-Op follow-up was conducted 1 day, 1 week, 2-3 weeks, and 4-6 weeks. The CCT and IOP was evaluated carefully. Data was noted on Performa. Data was analyzed by using Descriptive and Repeated Measures ANOVA by using the latest version 21 of SPSS. Results: Out of 50 patients’ 46% were males and 54% were females. The mean score of CCT pre & post operatively for right eye and left eye was 529.28±34.74 & 462.56±40.20 and 529.18±37.2, 462.44±42.60 respectively. Statistically significant effect was seen on post-op central corneal thickness and steroid induced ocular hypertension, according to the results of repeated measure ANOVA. Thinner corneas were more susceptible to steroids induced OHT. In various post-op central corneal thickness, it was observed that patients with thinner corneal thickness ranges 413±4.24 to 449.33±48.29 in right eye and 455.8±56.42 to 456.83±50.52 are more affected by topical steroids used. Males were more affected than females due to decreased central corneal thickness. Elderly patients were more susceptible to steroid-induced ocular hypertension post-operatively. Conclusion: Post-op steroid induced ocular hypertension is affecting by central corneal thickness. Male and elderly individual are more susceptible to steroid-induced ocular hypertension following myopic PRK. Post-Op use of topical steroids cause ocular hypertension in thinner corneas
The detection of COAT’s disease at its early stage and management
Authors: Shah Rubina
Published: May 2021

Coats disease is the potential leading cause of blindness which is an idiopathic disorder characterized by progressive deposition of intraretinal or subretinal exudates and abnormal development of retinal vasculatures known as telangiectasia that leads to exudative retinal detachment. The case shows unilateral involvement of the eye and primarily at an early age of 12 years. The cause of the disease is idiopathic and if associated with other genetic disorders emphasizes the deposition of a genetic component. The underlying histopathological problem is thought due to the abnormal permeability of capillary endothelial cells of the retina. The complications of long-standing disease may progress to total retinal detachment, leukocoria, painful Glaucoma and can be hard to differentiate from retinoblastoma. The diagnostic tools are indirect ophthalmoscopy, fluorescein angiography, CT scan, and MRI. The treatment depends on the closure of abnormal leaking vessels of the retina which is laser therapy and anti-VEGF at its early stage. The advanced stage requires surgical therapy such as scleral buckling, pars plana vitrectomy, and anterior vitrectomy for reattachment of the retina or pre retinal membrane. A careful selection therapy showed a 70% improvement in the clinical course of the disease
Effective and convenient treatment of Xultophy with lower doses for elderly diabetic patient
Authors: Bando MD Hiroshi , Yasuoka MD Tatsuo , Hayashi MD Kenji , Miki Kazuya , Kamoto Asami , Hamai Misaki , Matsumoto Yasuo , Shinomiya Maki , Kawaguchi Reiko , Ootani Miki , Koyabu Hitomi , Shibata Michiaki
Published: May 2021

The case is an 82-year-old female patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) for 22 years. She developed right empyema in early January, 2021 and was treated by antibiotics and CT-guided drainage. After improving the status, she was transferred to Hayashi hospital, Tokushima, Japan. Treatment for T2DM was initially multiple daily insulin injection (MDI), but it could not continue because of injection several times a day by the family. Then, Xultophy was started once a day, which brought satisfactory glucose variability with lower doses. Consequently, Xultophy would be effective and useful agent from bio-psycho-social points of view.
Rainfall runoff estimation using GIS and SCS-CN method for awash river basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Sishah Shimelis
Published: May 2021

Understanding hydrological behavior is an important part of effective watershed management and planning. Runoff resulted from rainfall is a component of hydrological behavior that is needed for efficient water resource planning. In this paper, GIS based SCS-CN runoff simulation model was applied to estimate rainfall runoff in Awash river basin. Global Curve Number (GCN250), Maximum Soil Water Retention (S) and Rainfall was used as an input for SCS-CN runoff simulation model. The final surface runoff values for the Awash river basin were generated on the basis of total annual rainfall and maximum soil water retention potential (S) of the year 2020. Accordingly, a runoff variation that range from 83.95 mm/year to a maximum of 1,416.75 mm/year were observed in the study region. Conversely, recently developed Global Curve Number (GCN250) data was tested with Pearson correlation coefficient to be used as an input for SCS-CN runoff simulation model. In doing so, predicted runoff generated in SCS-CN using GCN250 as a model input was validated with observed runoff obtained from station gauges in the study region. The results of validation show that, predicted runoff was well correlated with observed runoff with correlation coefficient of 0.9253. From this stand point, it is observed that the new GCN250 data can be used as an input for SCS-CN model to estimate rainfall runoff at basin level. Furthermore, correlation analysis was performed to explain the relationship between mean annual rainfall and surface runoff. The relationship between these two variables indicates a strong linear relationship with correlation coefficient of 0.9873.
A feasibility study on exploitation of atmospheric water resources using cloud seeding in arid and semi arid parts of Iran
Authors: Poormohammadi Samaneh
Published: May 2021

Water resource management and optimum use of all available water resources are ways for the adaptation of climate change and drought conditions.Weather modification, commonly known as cloud seeding, is the application of scientific technology that can enhance a cloud's ability to produce precipitation. Cloud seeding projects have being performed in Iran since 1999, as one of the most important strategies to increase water supplies. However, determining the time and place of cloud seeding operation are the basic necessities to achieve the best possible results. This paper explains innovative and scientific methods of feasibility study of Tehran province (semi-arid area) and Hormozgan province (arid area) by meteorological stations data, upper air data, satellite imagery (TRMM), weather radars products, topographic and vegetation maps. Factor analysis and World Meteorological Organization classification methods of PEP were applied to determine proper seeding time. Eventually, cloud seeding susceptible areas were classified as levels and altitudes. In Tehran province, the results showed that the northwest, west and central catchments are capable for cloud seeding operation in December, January, February and March at an altitude of 2500-3000 meters. Suitable months of cloud seeding operation in the north and northwest of the catchment of Hormozgan province were January, February and March, in order of priority.