bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘This is a second-class citizen thing!’: Educating justice-oriented citizenship through critical literacy in elementary social studies
Authors: Lee HyeKyoung , Camicia Steven
Published: March 2023

This qualitative case study examined how a class of fifth graders developed critical consciousness through critical literacy and social studies education. Activities in the class centred upon discussions of social justice-oriented texts. Findings revealed that when students engaged in texts dealing with social justice issues, they were able to take a critical stance on them. Based on the contextualized understanding of the texts, counternarratives and society, the students expanded their critical conversations about issues of power and privilege, especially white privilege. Critical literacy helped them internalize democratic values and civic virtues. Ultimately, this study provided a venue for children to increase agency and develop critical sociopolitical awareness as justice-oriented citizens who seek equity in our society.
The Arts and the Teaching of History: Historical F(r)ictions, Penny Clark and Alan Sears (2020)
Authors: Olsson Rost Anna
Published: March 2023

Review of: The Arts and the Teaching of History: Historical F(r)ictions, Penny Clark and Alan Sears (2020)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 297 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-03051-512-6, h/bk, GBP 99.00, ISBN 978-3-030-51513-3, e-book, GBP 79.50
Poultry farmers' knowledge, attitude, and practices toward poultry waste management in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Soshe , Moni Mst. I. Z. , Begum Maksuda , Sultana Mst. R. , Kabir Aurangazeb , Eqbal Md. J. , Das Sunny K. , Ullah Woli , Haque Tasmin S.
Published: March 2023

Background and Aim: The improper handling of poultry litter and waste poses risks to humans and environment by introducing certain compounds, elements, and pathogenic microorganisms into the surrounding environment and food chain. However, understanding the farmers' knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) could provide insights into the constraints that hinder the appropriate adoption of waste management. Therefore, this study aimed to assess poultry farmers' KAP regarding waste management issues.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional KAP study was conducted with native poultry keepers and small-scale commercial poultry farmers in seven districts of Bangladesh. In the survey, 385 poultry producers were interviewed using validated structured questionnaires through face-to-face interviews to collect the quantitative data in their domiciles.

Results: The overall KAP of farmers regarding poultry waste management issues demonstrated a low level of KAP (p = 0.001). The analysis shows that roughly 5% of farmers have a high level of knowledge of poultry waste management issues, followed by around one-third of respondents having a moderate level of knowledge. Considering the attitude domain, more than one-fifth of native poultry keepers and nearly two-thirds of commercial producers demonstrated a low level of attitude toward poultry waste management. Considering the overall analysis, roughly half of the respondents found a high level of attitude, and over half of the farmers showed a moderate level of attitude toward poultry waste management issues. The analysis showed that the level of good practices for native and commercial poultry production systems is estimated at 77.3% versus 45.9%, respectively, despite the farmers' lesser knowledge and attitudes toward poultry waste management systems. Overall, analysis showed that nearly 60% and 40% of poultry producers had high and moderate levels, respectively, of good practices in poultry waste management issues.

Conclusion: Analysis of the KAP data shows that farmers had a low level of KAP toward poultry waste management. The result of this study will assist in formulating appropriate strategies and to adopt poultry waste management solutions by poultry farmers to reduce environmental degradation.

Keywords: attitude, knowledge, poultry waste, practice, waste management.
A Rare Case of a Gastric Ulcer Causing Left Gastric Artery Pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Roma Katerina , Sieck Blake , Mikhael Tatiana , Naik Katrina , Wahid Shahid
Published: March 2023

Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is an uncommon but can be a lethal presentation of a pseudoaneurysm because a rupture is associated with a 40%–80% mortality rate. We report a rare case of left gastric artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to peptic ulcer disease presenting as an upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
Processing of Lidar and IMU Data for Target Detection and Odometry of a Mobile Robot
Authors: Giannoccaro Nicola Ivan , Nishida Takeshi , Lay-Ekuakille Aimè , Velazquez Ramiro , Visconti Paolo
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the processing of the data of a 3D light detection and distance measurement (LiDAR) sensor mounted on a mobile robot is shown, introducing an innovative methodology to manage the data and extracting useful information. The LiDAR sensor is placed on a mobile robot with a modular design that permits the easy change of the number of wheels, which was designed to travel through several environments, saving energy by preliminarily changing the number and arrangement of the wheels in the environment. Furthermore, the robot can recognise landmark in a structured environment by using a classification technique on each frame acquired by the LiDAR. Furthermore, considering the experimental tests, a new simple algorithm based on the LiDAR data processing together with the inertial data (IMU sensor) through a Kalman filter is proposed to characterise the robot’s pose by surrounding environment with fixed landmarks. Finally, the limits of the proposed algorithm have been analysed, highlighting new improvements in the future perspective development for permitting autonomous navigation and environment perception with a simple, modular, and low-cost device.
Development of a Modified Ant Colony Algorithm for Order Scheduling in Food Processing Plants
Authors: Korobiichuk Igor , Serhii Hrybkov , Seidykh Olga , Ovcharuk Volodymyr , Ovcharuk Andrii
Published: March 2023

A modified ant colony algorithm has been developed, which, unlike its classical form, when applied to solve the problem of order fulfillment scheduling, allows us to reduce time by using local optimization approaches. The developed modified ant colony algorithm contains an additional improvement by local optimization methods, which reduces the time to find a solution. The proposed algorithm, when applied, allows for reconfiguration of plans while reducing the search time for the optimum by almost 20% compared to other versions of the algorithms.
Autonomous Anomaly Detection System for Crime Monitoring and Alert Generation
Authors: Kukade Jyoti , Soner Swapnil , Pandya Sagar
Published: March 2023

Nowadays violence in society impacts more than any weapon used by people.  Over the last few years, autonomous vehicles have been used to observe and recognize the abnormality in the behavior of people and classifying them as a crime or not. Detecting crime on live stream is a classification of any event in a crime or not a crime and generating alerts to designated authorities which in turn can take required actions and ensure the security assessment of the city. Such kind of effective techniques for live video stream processing in computer vision is the need of the hour. There are many techniques that can be used, while Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and OpenCV provide the most accurate prediction for this task. OpenCV is used for the task of object detection in computer vision which will take the input from either drone or any autonomous vehicle. LSTM is used to classify any event or behavior in crime or not. This live stream is also encrypted for more security. To make this system more secure with the use of a security algorithm. This system uses the Elliptic curve algorithm to protect data from any kind of manipulation.

Through its ability to sense its surroundings, an autonomous vehicle is able to operate itself and execute critical activities without the need for human interaction. Video surveillance of computer vision technology can be used to take care of the security of the city by observing the crowd as well as individual activities. Much crowd-based crimes like mob lynching and individual crimes like murder, burglary, terrorism can be protected with advanced deep learning-based Anamoly detection techniques. Machine learning model use  dataset for learning is taken from different sources specific for crime detection with the 90% accuracy.
The prestige economy of elite education: a Baudrillardian analysis of an aspirational English school
Authors: Holligan Chris , Shah Qasir
Published: March 2023

Academic entrepreneurial behaviours are increasingly a research field paralleling processes of capitalist commodification. We mobilise Baudrillard’s concepts to probe a school’s strategic communication methods symbolising class neoliberalism, which aspirational parents may experience as a desired habitus of ‘distinction’. We suggest their knowledge of class and education, once imported into the interpretation of this school’s web presence, will coalesce with its simulacra of elite education. Our account encourages comparisons with selective school websites and utilises the qualitative data on the public site of this school, a methodological approach that has been fruitfully utilised by scholars uncovering the ideological representations created by providers who market UK higher education. The intervention into the marketplace of the selective fee-paying English education of Independent Grammar School: Durham (IGSD) through such a penumbra of symbolic meaning forms part of its pursuit of a competitive edge. International studies of schools chasing prestige and consumer desire confirm that the policies and practices described have become widespread, as shown in the oeuvre of Stephen Ball, whose writings inform the approach of this article. The marketing of the ‘brand’ identified through our theoretically driven analysis may encourage consumers to opt out of the state sector. Neoliberal-class markers of prestige contribute to the erosion of welfare-oriented school ideals in England, and in other nations.
Geschichtswissenschaftsdidaktik? Geschichtswissenschaftsdidaktik!
Authors: Körber Andreas
Published: March 2023

Andreas Körber befasst sich in diesem Beitrag damit, wie eine Didaktik wissenschaftlicher Geschichte aussehen kann. Geht es dabei vornehmlich oder ausschließlich um die Übertragung didaktischer Erkenntnisse guten Lehrens und Lernens auf die akademische Lehre der etablierten Geschichtswissenschaft? Nicht nur angesichts der Spezifik der Domäne sondern auch aufgrund der gesellschaftlichen Ubiquität historischen Denkens und Argumentierens in der heterogenen und pluralen ('außerwissenschaftlichen') Geschichtskultur ist das kaum plausibel. Der Beitrag skizziert einen keineswegs abschließenden Umriss einer Geschichtswissenschaftsdidaktik, die die konstitutiven Elemente einer hinsichtlich ihres Umfeldes, der Voraussetzungen sowie ihrer gesellschaftlichen Wirkung geschichtskulturell verorteten, gleichwohl spezialisierten Geschichtswissenschaft.
Auf dem Weg zu einer Wissenschaftsdidaktik für die HAW-Informatik
Authors: Herzberg Dominikus
Published: March 2023

Hochschulen für Angewandte Wissenschaften (HAWs) unterscheiden sich von ihrer historischen Herkunft, ihrer gesetzlich verankerten Ausrichtung und ihren Strukturen von den Universitäten. HAWs proklamieren die Anwendungsorientierung ihrer Lehre und Forschung und die Nähe und Verknüpfung von Lehre und Ausbildung mit der beruflichen Praxis. Es ist nicht die wissenschaftliche Laufbahn, die für ihre Studierenden im Vordergrund steht, sondern die Anschlussoption an eine qualifizierte Tätigkeit in einer akademisierten beruflichen Praxis. Unter diesen Rahmenbedingungen ist es eine Herausforderung, eine disziplinäre Wissenschaftsdidaktik zu entwickeln. Ein Weg soll hier für die HAW-Informatik skizziert werden. Erschwerend kommt dazu, dass die Informatik mit ihrem wissenschaftlichen Selbstverständnis ringt.
Wissenschaftsdidaktik auf sich selbst bezogen: Wissenschaftsdidaktik für die Wissenschaftsdidaktik
Authors: Reinmann Gabi , Brase Alexa , Lübcke Eileen
Published: March 2023

Ein wissenschaftsdidaktischer Anspruch stellt Hochschullehrende und hochschuldidaktisch Tätige gleichermaßen vor Herausforderungen. Ausgehend von der Frage nach geeigneten Angeboten für die Professionalisierung beider Gruppen leitet der Beitrag über Lernaktivitätsfelder didaktische Prinzipien her, die eine Ausgestaltung solcher Angebote unterstützen können: Reflexives, kollegiales, forschendes und partizipatives Lernen eignen sich besonders zur fachübergreifenden Professionalisierung von Lehrenden, während für hochschuldidaktisch Tätige exemplarisches, mentorielles, situiertes und multidisziplinäres Lernen hilf-reich sein können. Am Beispiel eines Masterstudiengangs wird gezeigt, inwiefern Lehrende und Hochschuldidaktikerinnen auch von einer gemeinsamen Professionalisierung profitieren und die Prinzipien zusammenspielen können. Die Aktivitätsfelder und Prinzipien erweisen sich als geeignet für eine bewusste Gestaltung wissenschaftsdidaktischer Professionalisierungsangebote.
Forgotten Scholars: Rediscovering Women in Medieval and Early-Modern Academia for Gender-Inclusive Place Naming in Universities
Authors: De la Croix David , Vitale Mara
Published: March 2023

In our universities, many places have names after great scholars of all times. For example, in our region,we find: Place Montesquieu, Auditorium Erasmus, Justus Lipsius Straat, etc. A small minority of places are named after women. This is true in any country.
Now, more and more universities adopt the following political statement: increasing the visibility of women in the public domain is one of the possible levers to promote equality between women and men.
To help administrators of European Universities in this task, we provide here a list ofwomen who were either professors at a university or member of an science academy before the year 1800. These women from the past started to blaze the trail, and it is to them that we must look for inspiration.
This list is an updated version of the appendix to our paper David de la Croix, Mara Vitale, Women in European academia before 1800 — religion, marriage, and human capital, European Review of Economic History, 2023;, heac023, https://doi.org/10.1093/ereh/heac023
Contexto institucional de las artes en Ucrania occidental
Authors: Babii Nadiia , Hubal Bohdan , Prystai Halyna , Chmelyk Iryna Chmelyk , Lototska Vita
Published: March 2023

El estudio examina las estrategias y prácticas utilizadas por los artistas en el oeste de Ucrania para promover y representar el arte contemporáneo a finales del siglo XX y principios del XXI. Nuestra atención se centra en el papel de las instituciones culturales y artísticas en la configuración del valor del arte durante una época de crisis y cambio en la jerarquía de estas instituciones. El estudio utiliza una variedad de fuentes, incluyendo catálogos, folletos de galerías, archivos privados y productos de librería actuales, así como entrevistas con participantes en estos procesos. Argumentamos que el surgimiento del arte contemporáneo en Ucrania occidental está estrechamente relacionado con la formación de un capital cultural a fines del siglo XX gracias a la participación de capital social, político y burocrático. El estudio también analiza las formas en que los artistas y poetas han pasado de la «esfera del arte» a la «esfera de la cultura» al convertirse en «estrellas» y crear sus propias instituciones, como curadurías independientes, entornos artísticos para el diálogo cultural, galerías privadas, editoriales y distintos formatos mediáticos.
Estrategias singulares y modernistas en la obra gráfica de Aída Carballo
Authors: Laumann Lucía
Published: March 2023

La argentina Aída Carballo fue una artista de formación y actuación polifacética, cuya producción más numerosa está vinculada a la gráfica. El presente artículo propone una relectura de un corpus singular de obras gráficas de dicha artista en el marco de los procesos de resignificación del grabado, de modernización y cuestionamiento del propio canon de la disciplina que se sucedieron a partir de la década del cincuenta en Argentina. Para lo cual se considera la cuestión de los recursos técnicos e iconográficos, y su inscripción en determinados circuitos de validación, como estrategias en la producción gráfica de Carballo.
Excluidos y discapacitados: el cuestionamiento del orden social en la fotografía de Joel Peter Witkin
Authors: Navas Fernández Alexis
Published: March 2023

Tradicionalmente la diferencia corporal, asociada a las capas más desfavorecidas de la sociedad, ha sido tomada como una amenaza al orden social existente. Este discurso ha sido reforzado tanto por las artes plásticas como por la literatura, no siendo hasta bien entrado el siglo XVIII cuando se han producido cambios significativos en dicha argumentación. Este proceso de cambio en la percepción de la discapacidad se reforzará con la tesis VIII de Walter Benjamin, donde se reivindica la tradición de los oprimidos, otorgándoles un papel central en la historia. La traslación de estas ideas en la esfera de las artes plásticas se ve reflejada en el “campo expandido”, donde cobran protagonismo los denominados cuerpos marginales. Esta tendencia se refleja en la obra de Joel-Peter Witkin, que les da un papel central a los discapacitados, además de revestirlos de un carácter sagrado
Analysis of different printing technologies for metallization of crystalline silicon solar cells
Authors: Bhatnagar Mona , Jha Shivangi , Pattnaik Amruta
Published: March 2023

Crystalline silicon solar cells have been the workhorse of the Solar Photovoltaic industry, contributing to >90% of the total installations. The fabrication of solar cells involves multi-process steps i.e. chemical treatment, diffusion, passivation and metallization. Among these process steps of solar cell manufacturing, metallization is the most critical one since it not only influences cell performance but also the cost of manufacturing to a great extent. A proper metallization process essentially helps in reduction of various electrical and optical losses. A lot of research is being carried out on various metallization technologies to arrive at an efficient, cost-effective solution for contact formation. Screen printing, flexographic printing, laser metal sintering and recently developed 3D printing are some of the technologies of interest in this field. While 3D printing, laser metal sintering, etc. are still at lab level, flexographic and gravure printing are in search of a suitable paste which can make the technology production-worthy. It is the screen-printed technology of solar cells that currently dominates the commercial market because of its low production cost and process simplicity. Amongst the several technologies that have been developed till date for cell metallization, the screen-printing technology promises to be the most reliable, rugged and production-worthy technology. In this paper, different metallization technologies viz. screen printing (conventional, knotless), stencil printing, light induced plating, metal sintering, flexographic printing, aerosol printing etc. used for contact formation in high efficiency silicon solar cells have been reviewed.
Broadband absorber with dispersive metamaterials
Authors: Han WonHeum , Park Q-Han
Published: March 2023

A broadband absorber that utilizes a dispersive metamaterial and covers the entire microwave X-band (8–12 GHz) is proposed in the present study. An ideal absorber attached to the surface of a perfect electric conductor requires the permittivity of the absorbing layer to be anomalously dispersive in the targeted broad frequency band. We show that anomalous dispersion of the permittivity for the X-band can be fitted to a two-pole Lorentz oscillator model and realized with the use of a double-layered, square-loop metamaterial. We explain the connection between the two-pole oscillator model and the double-layered, square-loop metamaterial using an equivalent circuit model and present explicit design rules for the metamaterial. We fabricate a 4-mm-thick metamaterial absorber with flexible silicon rubber, a resistor element, and conductive wire using carbon and silver conductive ink. Our metamaterial absorber achieves a reflectance of less than −20 dB over the entire X-band region.
Online communication studies in Brazil: origins and state of the art
Authors: de Albuquerque Afonso , Recuero Raquel , Alves dos Santos Junior Marcelo
Published: March 2023

This article discusses the origins and development of research on online media and online political communication studies in Brazil. It analyzes the factors influencing the origins and development of the research on online media in the country. One the one hand, Brazil belongs to the semiperiphery of the international research system. On the other hand, when the online media appeared, there was already a solid tradition of Communication research in the country. It presents an overview of how Communication education and research organized in Brazil. Against this backdrop, it presents three stages of online media research development in Brazil: (a) incipient, (b) consolidation, and (c) new frontiers. In particular, it examines the impact that online media had on the Brazilian Political Communication research agenda.
Crystal structures of two phases of Pigment Yellow 110 from X-ray powder diffraction data
Authors: van de Streek Jacco , Ivashevskaya Svetlana N. , Schmidt Martin U.
Published: March 2023

The crystal structure of the β-phase of Pigment Yellow 110 was determined from X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) data. The crystal structure of the α-phase (Erk et al., CrystEngComm 2004, 6, 474) is re-refined against the original XRPD data to modern-day standards. Dispersion-corrected density functional theory calculations are used to complement the powder data. The α- and β-form crystallise in

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

and P21/c, respectively, with the P.Y. 110 molecule occupying a centre of symmetry in both forms. Both polymorphs are layered structures consisting of infinite chains of hydrogen-bonded molecules.
Contraction Velocity of the Elbow Flexors Assessed by Tensiomyography: A Comparison Between Formulas
Authors: Mesquita Ricardo N. O. , Latella Christopher , Ruas Cassio V. , Nosaka Kazunori , Taylor Janet L.
Published: March 2023

Mesquita, RNO, Latella, C, Ruas, CV, Nosaka, K, and Taylor, JL. Contraction velocity of the elbow flexors assessed by tensiomyography: A comparison between formulas. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 1969–1977, 2023—Muscle contraction velocity (V
c) assessed by tensiomyography is a promising measure for athlete profiling. Multiple formulas are used to estimate V
c, but the most suitable method is yet to be established. Fifteen adults (2 female subjects) underwent tensiomyography assessment of biceps brachii muscle at 10, 45 and 90° of elbow flexion on 2 separate days. V
c was calculated using 6 formulas. Formulas 1 and 2 are measures of the early phase of the twitch; Formulas 3–5 are measures over a wider time-window, with Formula 5 normalizing V
c to maximal displacement (Dm); and we proposed Formula 6 as a measure of peak V
c. Test-retest reliability, the required minimum number of trials, proportional bias, and effects of joint angle were investigated. Higher reliability (coefficient of variation: 2.8–6.9%) was found for Formula 1 (0–2 mm of displacement) and Formula 5 (normalized 10–90% of Dm). Overall, a minimum of 6–7 trials was required to obtain reliable estimates. For 10° only, significant positive proportional bias (r = 0.563–0.670) was found for all formulas except Formula 5. V
c was faster (p < 0.001) at shorter muscle lengths for all formulas except Formula 5 (p = 0.06). V
c in the early phase of the twitch was more reliable when calculated using absolute displacement (Formula 1) than a relative threshold (Formula 2). Over a larger time-window, Formulas 3 and 4 were similarly reliable. Because they are derived from different components of the twitch and different parameters, the different formulas should not be used interchangeably. Additionally, more precise nomenclature is required to describe the information obtained from each formula.
Contralateral Afferent Input to Lumbar Lamina I Neurons as a Neural Substrate for Mirror-Image Pain
Authors: Luz Liliana L. , Lima Susana , Fernandes Elisabete C. , Kokai Eva , Gomori Lidia , Szucs Peter , Safronov Boris V.
Published: March 2023

Mirror-image pain arises from pathologic alterations in the nociceptive processing network that controls functional lateralization of the primary afferent input. Although a number of clinical syndromes related to dysfunction of the lumbar afferent system are associated with the mirror-image pain, its morphophysiological substrate and mechanism of induction remain poorly understood. Therefore, we usedex vivospinal cord preparation of young rats of both sexes to study organization and processing of the contralateral afferent input to the neurons in the major spinal nociceptive projection area Lamina I. We show that decussating primary afferent branches reach contralateral Lamina I, where 27% of neurons, including projection neurons, receive monosynaptic and/or polysynaptic excitatory drive from the contralateral Aδ-fibers and C-fibers. All these neurons also received ipsilateral input, implying their involvement in the bilateral information processing. Our data further show that the contralateral Aδ-fiber and C-fiber input is under diverse forms of inhibitory control. Attenuation of the afferent-driven presynaptic inhibition and/or disinhibition of the dorsal horn network increased the contralateral excitatory drive to Lamina I neurons and its ability to evoke action potentials. Furthermore, the contralateral Aβδ-fibers presynaptically control ipsilateral C-fiber input to Lamina I neurons. Thus, these results show that some lumbar Lamina I neurons are wired to the contralateral afferent system whose input, under normal conditions, is subject to inhibitory control. A pathologic disinhibition of the decussating pathways can open a gate controlling contralateral information flow to the nociceptive projection neurons and, thus, contribute to induction of hypersensitivity and mirror-image pain.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe show that contralateral Aδ-afferents and C-afferents supply lumbar Lamina I neurons. The contralateral input is under diverse forms of inhibitory control and itself controls the ipsilateral input. Disinhibition of decussating pathways increases nociceptive drive to Lamina I neurons and may cause induction of contralateral hypersensitivity and mirror-image pain.
Targeting WDxR motif reprograms immune microenvironment and inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression
Authors: Zhang Heng , Chen Gang , Feng Xing , Song Huiwen , Meng Lingbing , Fu Yao , Yang Jun , Fan Zhiwen , Ding Youxiang , Du Zhijie , Wang Jianchao , Yang Li , Zhang Jun , Sun Lixia , Liu Zhigang , Zhang Zhiyong , Li Quanhai , Fan Xiangshan
Published: March 2023

The WD‐repeat (WDR) family affects carcinogenesis, but its role in the immune microenvironment is poorly characterized. Although functional loss or gain of WDR6 does not markedly change in vitro proliferative and invasive capacity of HCC cells, its deficiency in hepa1‐6 cells drastically inhibits the growth and lung metastasis of orthotopically implanted tumors in immune‐competent C57BL/6J mice. Mechanistically, WDR6 targets tumor suppressor UVRAG to the CUL4A‐DDB1‐ROC1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex through a unique WDxR motif and promotes its degradation. This upregulates chromatin accessibility at the TNFα locus by blocking autophagic degradation of p65, elevates intratumoral myeloid‐derived suppressor cell (MDSC) number, and reduces CD8+ T cell infiltration, thereby promoting HCC progression. These immunosuppressive effects are reversed by TNFα blockade. TNFα recruits NF‐κB to activate the transcription of WDR6, establishing a WDR6‐TNFα loop. Clinically, the WDR6/UVRAG/NF‐κB pathway is hyperactivated in HCC, predicting a poor prognosis. Importantly, a WDxR‐like peptide disrupts the WDR6/UVRAG complex and enhances the efficiency of anti‐PD‐L1 against HCC with WDR6 dysregulation.
Monitoring tree mortality in Ukrainian Pinus sylvestris L. forests using remote sensing data from earth observing satellites
Authors: Skydan Oleh V. , Fedoniuk Tetiana P. , Mozharovskii Оleksandr S. , Zhukov Оleksandr V. , Zymaroieva Anastasiia A. , Pazych Viktor М. , Hurelia Vitaliy V. , Melnychuk Taras V.
Published: March 2023

This article considers the application of remote sensing data to solve the problems of forestry in the Polissia zone (Ukraine). The satellite remote sensing was shown to be applicable to monitoring the damage caused by diseases and pests to forest resources and to assessing the effects of fires. During the research, a detailed analysis and optimization of the information content of Sentinel-2 long-term data sets was performed to detect changes in the forest cover of Polissia, affected by pests and damaged by fires. The following classification algorithms were used for automated decryption: the maximum likelihood method; cluster classification without training; Principal Component Analysis (PCA); Random Forest classification. The results of this study indicate the high potential of Sentinel-2 data for application in applied problems of forestry and vegetation analysis, despite the decametric spatial resolution. Our proposed workflow has achieved an overall classification accuracy of 90 % for the Polissia region, indicating its reliability and potential for scaling to a higher level, and the proposed forecast model is stationary and does not depend on time parameters. To improve the classification results, testing of different combinations of bands emphasized the importance of Band 8 in combination with red edge bands, as well as other bands with a resolution of 10 m for summer scenes. The red margin shows clearly visible differences in the spectral profiles, but bands with a higher resolution of 10 m were crucial for good results.
Specyfika działalności sejmikowej województwa połockiego
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Łopatecki Karol
Published: March 2023

The article presents the initial assumptions of the project to publish the sejmik records of the Polotsk voivodeship. The conception of the work, the source basis and the activities of the assemblies of the Polotsk nobility are presented. The territory of the Polotsk voivodeship in the 16th-18th centuries has been approximated and the political features of the Polotsk voivodeship in the 16th–18th centuries have been indicated, emphasising its significance in comparison with other territorial units of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. To this end, existing knowledge about the province was gathered to show the specifics of the region. In particular, the origins of the modern sejmiks in the Polotczyzna region are presented, including the existence of the „small sejm” before the reforms of 1565–1566. The consequences of the peripheral sejmik, which covered lands long threatened by military aggression, are indicated. Finally, the characteristics of sejmik life in the Polotsk region are highlighted. For these issues, in addition to the analysis of legal acts and sources of sejmic practice, a quantitative analysis was used (Charts 1 and 2) and methods appropriate to historical geography were applied (Maps 1 and 2). The collected data shows the peripherality of Polotsk and, in particular, of the local noble assembly. Firstly, this was due to its low importance in the context of the functioning of the General Sejm or the Lithuanian Tribunal. Secondly, it was an area constantly threatened by military conflicts. This is externalized by the great variability of the places of sejmiks sessions. We can distinguish as many as nine sejmik capitals, besides which at least six other locations are known. This is a record in the recognised areas of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Jak wydawać cyrylickie akta sejmikowe? Analiza rosyjskich, ukraińskich i białoruskich współczesnych zasad wydawniczych oraz wybranej praktyki edytorskiej. Część I
Authors:   Instytut Polski w Moskwie (Польский культурный центр в Москве), Ambroziak Tomasz
Published: March 2023

One area in which significant progress has been made in the publication of sources in recent years is the editing of sejmik records. The fundamental question facing publishers of sources is the issue of editing priniples. Publishers of Lithuanian sejmik records are in a peculiar situation, as they face the problem of publishing sources in Polish and Ruthenian in one volume. Meanwhile, in Polish editing practice, there are no strictly defined rules for publishing Cyrillic sources, and contemporary experience in this matter is quite modest. The team preparing the edition of the sejmik records of the Vilnius voivodship from 1566–1655 faced a similar problem. In the course of the work, in order to determine the principles of editing the text, the existing theoretical models and solutions adopted in publishing practice were analyzed and evaluated for their suitability for the tasks ahead. This article will analyze contemporary publishing instructions and methodological recommendations for the publication of Cyrillic sources formulated in Russian, Belarusian and Ukrainian editing, as well as selected source publications of Cyrillic documents from the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the 16th–17th centuries. The conclusions of the analysis will be used to formulate proposals for specific solutions for the publishers of sejmik records.
Altered cerebral activities and functional connectivity in depression: a systematic review of fMRI studies
Authors: Li Xue‐Ying , Chen Xiao , Yan Chao‐Gan
Published: March 2023

Background

As one of the leading causes of global disability, major depressive disorder (MDD) places a noticeable burden on individuals and society. Despite the great expectation on finding accurate biomarkers and effective treatment targets of MDD, studies in applying functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are still faced with challenges, including the representational ambiguity, small sample size, low statistical power, relatively high false positive rates, etc. Thus, reviewing studies with solid methodology may help achieve a consensus on the pathology of MDD.

Methods

In this systematic review, we screened fMRI studies on MDD through strict criteria to focus on reliable studies with sufficient sample size, adequate control of head motion, and a proper multiple comparison control strategy.

Results

We found consistent evidence regarding the dysfunction within and among the default mode network (DMN), the frontoparietal network (FPN), and other brain regions. However, controversy remains, probably due to the heterogeneity of participants and data processing strategies.

Conclusion

Future studies are recommended to apply a comprehensive set of neuro‐behavioral measurements, consider the heterogeneity of MDD patients and other potentially confounding factors, apply surface‐based neuroscientific network fMRI approaches, and advance research transparency and open science by applying state‐of‐the‐art pipelines along with open data sharing.
Bioinformatics approaches to analyzing CRISPR screen data: from dropout screens to single‐cell CRISPR screens
Authors: Zhao Yueshan , Zhang Min , Yang Da
Published: March 2023

Background

Pooled CRISPR screen is a promising tool in drug targets or essential genes identification with the utilization of three different systems including CRISPR knockout (CRISPRko), CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) and CRISPR activation (CRISPRa). Aside from continuous improvements in technology, more and more bioinformatics methods have been developed to analyze the data obtained by CRISPR screens which facilitate better understanding of physiological effects.

Results

Here, we provide an overview on the application of CRISPR screens and bioinformatics approaches to analyzing different types of CRISPR screen data. We also discuss mechanisms and underlying challenges for the analysis of dropout screens, sorting‐based screens and single‐cell screens.

Conclusion

Different analysis approaches should be chosen based on the design of screens. This review will help community to better design novel algorithms and provide suggestions for wet‐lab researchers to choose from different analysis methods.
DeepDrug: A general graph‐based deep learning framework for drug‐drug interactions and drug‐target interactions prediction
Authors: Yin Qijin , Fan Rui , Cao Xusheng , Liu Qiao , Jiang Rui , Zeng Wanwen
Published: March 2023

Computational methods for DDIs and DTIs prediction are essential for accelerating the drug discovery process. We proposed a novel deep learning method DeepDrug, to tackle these two problems within a unified framework. DeepDrug is capable of extracting comprehensive features of both drug and target protein, thus demonstrating a superior prediction performance in a series of experiments. The downstream applications show that DeepDrug is useful in facilitating drug repositioning and discovering the potential drug against specific disease.

Background

Computational approaches for accurate prediction of drug interactions, such as drug‐drug interactions (DDIs) and drug‐target interactions (DTIs), are highly demanded for biochemical researchers. Despite the fact that many methods have been proposed and developed to predict DDIs and DTIs respectively, their success is still limited due to a lack of systematic evaluation of the intrinsic properties embedded in the corresponding chemical structure.

Methods

In this paper, we develop DeepDrug, a deep learning framework for overcoming the above limitation by using residual graph convolutional networks (Res‐GCNs) and convolutional networks (CNNs) to learn the comprehensive structure‐ and sequence‐based representations of drugs and proteins.

Results

DeepDrug outperforms state‐of‐the‐art methods in a series of systematic experiments, including binary‐class DDIs, multi‐class/multi‐label DDIs, binary‐class DTIs classification and DTIs regression tasks. Furthermore, we visualize the structural features learned by DeepDrug Res‐GCN module, which displays compatible and accordant patterns in chemical properties and drug categories, providing additional evidence to support the strong predictive power of DeepDrug. Ultimately, we apply DeepDrug to perform drug repositioning on the whole DrugBank database to discover the potential drug candidates against SARS‐CoV‐2, where 7 out of 10 top‐ranked drugs are reported to be repurposed to potentially treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19).

Conclusions

To sum up, we believe that DeepDrug is an efficient tool in accurate prediction of DDIs and DTIs and provides a promising insight in understanding the underlying mechanism of these biochemical relations.
Exploration on learning molecular docking with deep learning models
Authors: Xie Qin , Ma Wei , Zhang Jianhang , Li Shiliang , Deng Xiaobing , Xu Youjun , Zhang Weilin
Published: March 2023

A deep learning‐powered VS approach combined with two free docking programs are proposed and evaluated for screening an ultra‐large compound library to obtain diverse potential active compounds rapidly and efficiently. We found that it is a practical and transferable strategy to significantly reduce computational cost.

Background

Molecular docking‐based virtual screening (VS) aims to choose ligands with potential pharmacological activities from millions or even billions of molecules. This process could significantly cut down the number of compounds that need to be experimentally tested. However, during the docking calculation, many molecules have low affinity for a particular protein target, which waste a lot of computational resources.

Methods

We implemented a fast and practical molecular screening approach called DL‐DockVS (deep learning dock virtual screening) by using deep learning models (regression and classification models) to learn the outcomes of pipelined docking programs step‐by‐step.

Results

In this study, we showed that this approach could successfully weed out compounds with poor docking scores while keeping compounds with potentially high docking scores against 10 DUD‐E protein targets. A self‐built dataset of about 1.9 million molecules was used to further verify DL‐DockVS, yielding good results in terms of recall rate, active compounds enrichment factor and runtime speed.

Conclusions

We comprehensively evaluate the practicality and effectiveness of DL‐DockVS against 10 protein targets. Due to the improvements of runtime and maintained success rate, it would be a useful and promising approach to screen ultra‐large compound libraries in the age of big data. It is also very convenient for researchers to make a well‐trained model of one specific target for predicting other chemical libraries and high docking‐score molecules without docking computation again.
Effect of phosphoric acid in the pre-hydrolysis process of dissolving pulp production from bamboo-willow
Authors: Zhang Jin-Chao , Wu Chao-Jun , Yu Dong-Mei
Published: March 2023

Bamboo-willow is a type of fast-growing wood with a high hemicellulose content. In the present study, the effects of phosphoric acid addition on the main components of bamboo-willow and pre-hydrolysis liquor (PHL) were explored, and subsequently the pre-hydrolyzed bamboo-willow chips were cooked, O–H–P bleached, and acid post-treated to produce dissolving pulp. The results showed that adding phosphoric acid to the pre-hydrolysis stage effectively removed hemicellulose and increased the cellulose content of the pre-hydrolyzed bamboo-willow. The major component of the hemicelluloses was xylan/xylose, which represented approximately 62% to 78% of the total sugars in the PHL. Glucose was the most abundant sugar that was produced, apart from xylose, and represented approximately 12% to 25% of the total sugars in the PHL. Additionally, 73% to 83% of the total sugars in the PHL were in an oligomeric form. The obtained bamboo-willow dissolving pulp could be used to produce viscose rayon with a 92.1% α-cellulose content, 4.77% hemicellulose content, and 675 degree of polymerization.
Influence of former farmland on the characteristics and properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) tree tissue
Authors: Jelonek Tomasz , Arasimowicz-Jelonek Magdalena , Gzyl Jarosław , Tomczak Arkadiusz , Łakomy Piotr , Grzywiński Witold , Remlein Agnieszka , Klimek Katarzyna , Kopaczyk Joanna , Jaszczak Roman , Kuźmiński Robert
Published: March 2023

This paper compares the characteristics and properties of wood from trees grown on forest land with trees grown on former farmland. The first generation of the tree stand, which was artificially introduced on lands previously used for farming, was accepted as an ecosystem on the former farmland. A total of 36 trees from 12 areas were chosen for the comparisons, where six areas contained former farmland and six contained forest land. The compared tree stands differed from each other only in terms of the growth conditions, i.e., forest and former farmland soils. Selected properties and characteristics of the tree tissue, including density, bending strength, wood static compression, thickness of the cell wall, and lignin content in the dry mass, were subject to analysis. The conducted research found significant differences in the analyzed variables between the compared tree groups. The pines grown on former farmland soil were characterized by a generally poor technical wood quality, thinner tracheid walls, and lower lignin content.
The effect of ThermoWood method heat treatment on physical and mechanical properties of Sorbus torminalis
Authors: Aytin Ayhan , Korkut Süleyman , Çakicier Nevzat
Published: March 2023

Heat treatment is a modification method that has gained importance since the 1990s as part of the trend for more rational use of wooden materials. Heat-treated wood products are becoming more popular and have an established place in the market. For this reason, it is important to research applications for various wood types after heat treatment. In this study, Sorbus torminalis panels were first heat treated by the ThermoWood® method. Then, some physical properties (i.e., oven-dry density, air-dry density, shrinkage, swelling, 24-h water thickness swelling, and water retention), and mechanical properties (i.e., parallel compressive strength to grain, bending strength, and modulus of elasticity in static bending) were examined in ThermoWood® Sorbus torminalis. The results indicated that the physical property values of the heat-treated samples were lower than those of the control samples. Reductions of 14.4%, 12.1%, 64.9%, 49.3%, and 51.7% were observed for the oven-dry density (ODD), air-dry density (ADD), water thickness swelling (WTS), shrinkage (β), and swelling (α), respectively. Among the mechanical properties, there was a reduction in the bending strength (MOR) value, while the compressive strength parallel to the grain (CS) value increased up to 23.6% compared to the control samples. In contrast, no significant weight changes or changes in the modulus of elasticity in static bending (MOE) were observed.
Visual Analysis of Activity Construction Based on Bibliometrics
Authors: Zheng Fei , Xin Zhang
Published: March 2023

China has a well-developed active structure, with the continuous expansion of the scale of engineering construction and the continuous extension to the complex geological areas, especially the tectonic areas that are still active or will still be active in the future. Related projects are faced with many new challenges. The summative achievements on the problems related to active tectonics in China still need to be made available. This paper uses CNKI and WOS as data sources, and the documents related to active tectonics and geology from 2003 to 2022 are taken as objects. The scientific knowledge graph is visualized and analyzed by the bibliometrics software CiteSpace. The results show that: (1) the number of research literature on active tectonics at home and abroad is on the rise as a whole, (2) the number of articles published in the field of active tectonics in China is highly proportional to the number of earthquake disasters in China each year, and (3) the United States is in an absolute leading position in this field. It can help researchers in related fields to obtain the classical achievements of nearly 20 years quickly, and it is easy to find the bottleneck of current research. It can also expand the field of vision to find new research directions.
Evaluation of the radiation shielding properties of ornamental rocks produced in Brazil: A Monte Carlo approach
Authors: Santos W. S. , Santos C. J. , Neves L. P. , Belinato W. , Soares M. R. , Valença J. V. B. , Perini A. P.
Published: March 2023

In this work, the Monte Carlo MCNPX (2.7.0) code was used to evaluate the radioprotective properties of ten ornamental granitic samples produced in Brazil. For each sample of granite, the mass attenuation coefficient (µ/ρ) and half-value layer (HVL) were evaluated using the photon energy emitted by the following radioisotopes: 241Am (59,5 keV), 133Ba (356 keV), 137Cs (662 keV), 60Co (1250 keV), and 22Na (1274 keV). The MCNPX results showed agreement with the values obtained by using the XCOM database, as well as with theoretical and experimental results, available on the literature. The computational model built in this work can be used by the scientific community interested in parameters involving new materials for gamma radiation shielding, which has been used in different areas of the nuclear sciences.