bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Síndrome asmático crítico en Pediatría: manejo de las exacerbaciones agudas severas
Authors: Ramírez-Esquivel David Ubaldo
Published: March 2021

Se le conoce como síndrome asmático crítico a las condiciones respiratorias agudas y severas que, a pesar de necesitar un tratamiento agresivo y urgente, no han progresado a hipoxia irreversible y paro cardiorrespiratorio. La sintomatología de las exacerbaciones asmáticas es consecuencia de broncoconstricción, lesión celular epitelial, inflamación neurogénica con pérdida de la reactividad de la musculatura lisa, infiltración de células inflamatorias o edema en la pared bronquial y obstrucción bronquial por secreciones. La presentación clínica depende de la severidad del cuadro, siendo desde tos, disnea subjetiva y sibilancias audibles hasta un síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo. El tratamiento se instaura de forma escalonada, dependiendo de la severidad del cuadro y de la respuesta al tratamiento, iniciando con oxigenoterapia, desde broncodilatadores inhalados y esteroides antiinflamatorios, hasta la utilización de broncodilatadores y magnesio intravenoso, anestesia general y apoyo ventilatorio con o sin intubación endotraqueal. Los cuadros más severos deben de llevar un manejo dentro de las unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica con monitoreo continuo de las constantes vitales para identificar de manera temprana las posibles complicaciones de las exacerbaciones asmáticas o de los efectos tóxicos de los fármacos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una revisión del nuevo concepto del síndrome asmático crítico, el abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico de las exacerbaciones asmáticas severas, así como los resultados de estudios sobre terapia inmunobiológica que aún están en desarrollo. LUX MÉDICA, AÑO 11, NÚMERO 32, ENERO-ABRIL 2016, PP 21-32.
TABLA DE CONTENIDO LUX MÉDICA 33
Authors: Terrones Saldívar Ma del Carmen
Published: March 2021

Presenta información general de la revista y su contenido.
EDITORIAL
Authors: De la Torre Alcocer José
Published: March 2021

Mensaje del editor de la revista Lux Médica.
TABLA DE CONTENIDO LUX MÉDICA 34
Authors: Terrones Saldívar Ma del Carmen
Published: March 2021

Presenta información general de la revista y su contenido.
Neuropatía hereditaria sensitivo- autonómica. Evolución y complicaciones: reporte de un caso
Authors: Arriaga-Rivera Javier , Alejo-González Mónica Patricia , Espinosa-Mejía Martha Janeth , Arriaga-Rivera Alejandro
Published: March 2021

Las neuropatías hereditarias sensitivas y autonómicas (HSAN), son un grupo de enfermedades raras que suelen afectar las fibras nerviosas mielínicas y amielínicas, comprometiendo la sensibilidad superficial, profunda y funciones autonómicas que se manifiestan en amputaciones, úlceras por presión, fracturas, arreflexia, osteomielitis y mutilaciones, que conducen a discapacidad, baja calidad de vida y mal pronóstico. Los estudios moleculares son el estándar de oro para el diagnóstico, sin embargo, la electromiografía es un estudio confiable que evidencia la afección sensitiva, convirtiéndose en una alternativa como apoyo al diagnóstico en nuestro medio. En el caso reportado el desconocimiento de la patología condujo a una discapacidad severa, aislamiento social y las múltiples complicaciones que produjeron su muerte. LUXMÉDICA AÑO11, NÚMERO 34, SEPTIEMBRE-DICIEMBRE 2016, PP 41-49
Velocidad de migración de las células de músculo liso vascular de ratas Wistar
Authors: Montoya Azpeitia Stephanie Gisel , Mejía-Elizondo Rebeca , Tanguma-Espinosa Ricardo
Published: March 2021

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus es una de las enfermedades con mayor impacto sociosanitario, no sólo por su alta prevalencia, sino también por las complicaciones que produce, los factores de riesgo que implica y por su elevada tasa de mortalidad. Actualmente existen 347 millones de personas con esta enfermedad en el mundo. Las complicaciones macrovasculares aumentan la morbimortalidad cardiovascular, constituyendo la principal causa de muerte en los diabéticos. Eso involucra el proceso de ateroesclerosis y su evolución puede llevar a un infarto siendo necesaria para el tratamiento la implantación de una endoprótesis vascular; sin embargo, éstas tienen un alto porcentaje de restenosis, debido a la migración de células de músculo liso vascular (CMLV), por lo que resalta la importancia del estudio de dicho fenómeno. Objetivos: La medición de la velocidad de migración de las CMLV de aorta de ratas macho Wistar, control y diabética inducida. Metodología: Modelo de estudio experimental, transversal y comparativo. Las variables de respuesta fueron: el porcentaje de migración de CMLV en unidades arbitrarias mediante el experimento "herida- cicatrización” en caja de cultivo. Resultados: Se registraron porcentajes promedio de velocidad de migración de CMLV a las 12 horas de 20.6% y 47.28%; mientras que a las 24 horas de 51.8% y de 81.87% para las ratas control y diabética respectivamente. Conclusiones: La velocidad de migración de las CMLV es mayor en las células de rata diabética que la de rata control. LUXMÉDICA AÑO11, NÚMERO 34, SEPTIEMBRE- DICIEMBRE 2016, PP 63-70
Meningitis tuberculosa en paciente pediátrico. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Barajas-Salcedo Gerardo , Hernández-Gámez Laura Dolores , Sandoval-Valdez Darío Alejandro , Hernández-González Flavio
Published: March 2021

La tuberculosis representa todavía un problema de salud importante en los países en vías de desarrollo y, en especial, en la población pediátrica. Las formas extrapulmonares, entre ellas la tuberculosis meníngea, representan la forma menos frecuente de presentación. El diagnóstico de la tuberculosis meníngea es complicado debido a signos y síntomas inespecíficos, así como la dificultad para aislar al organismo en el líquido cefalorraquídeo. Sin embargo, técnicas como el GeneXpert permiten realizar un diagnóstico más certero. Presentamos un caso clínico de un paciente pediátrico con tuberculosis meníngea en el Hospital Miguel Hidalgo de la ciudad de Aguascalientes, para revisar el abordaje diagnóstico y comentar acerca del tratamiento y complicaciones.
Comparación del estrés oxidativo en mujeres con diabetes gestacional versus embarazos normoevolutivos
Authors: Terrones Saldívar Ma del Carmen , Rodríguez Martín Gustavo , Rosas Cabral Alejandro , Góngora Ortega Javier , Serna Vela Francisco , Reyes Robles Martha Elena , Sandoval Valdez Darío Alejandro , Hernández González Flavio , De la Rosa Félix Hesli Esther , Zúñiga Sánchez Karina Altagracia
Published: March 2021

Introducción: En la paciente con diabetes gestacional (DMG), la hiperglucemia favorece la aparición de estrés oxidativo, que a su vez es un factor que puede afectar adversamente al producto de la gestación. Objetivo: Medir y comparar la presencia del metabolito malondialdheído (MDA) y la actividad de  las enzimas catalasa y superóxido dismutasa en un grupo de pacientes con diabetes gestacional versus mujeres con embarazos normoevolutivos. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, comparativo y transversal, realizado en la ciudad de Aguascalientes de enero a junio de 2017. Muestreo por conveniencia, no probabilístico; pacientes distribuidas en dos grupos, el primero corresponde a 30 controles y el segundo representa 36 pacientes con diabetes gestacional. Previo consentimiento informado y mediante punción venosa se obtuvo una muestra de sangre para determinar mediante técnicas estandarizadas MDA, catalasa y superóxido dismutasa (SOD). Resultados: Las muestras de las pacientes embarazadas con diabetes tuvieron menor actividad enzimática de la SOD (120.0 UAE/ml/min) en comparación con las pacientes sin diabetes (193.1 UAE/ml/min). La actividad de la catalasa en  las pacientes con DMG fue de 1.368µM H2O2/ml/min mientras que en las mujeres sin DMG fue 3.730µM  de H2O2/ml/min. Las pacientes con DMG mostraron un valor de 19.19 µMol de MDA, mientras que el grupo control sin DMG tuvo un valor de 11.81µMol. Conclusión: los resultados de las pacientes con diabetes mellitus arrojaron que la patología incrementa la concentración de malondialdehído  y catalasa, mientras que disminuye la actividad de la SOD respecto con las pacientes sin dicha patología
Absceso cerebral en paciente pediátrico: reporte de un caso
Authors: Barajas-Salcedo Gerardo , Macías Macías José Efraín
Published: March 2021

El absceso cerebral ocurre rara vez en la edad pediátrica, pero en países en vías de desarrollo representa todavía un problema de salud que debe atenderse. En la mayoría de estos pacientes, se tiene como enfermedad asociada a una infección de senos paranasales. Aunque con la introducción de los antibióticos y las pruebas de imagen ha disminuido notablemente la mortalidad, es importante el diagnóstico temprano y oportuno que requiere esta patología  para delimitar el daño y disminuir la morbilidad, misma que es también visible en la trascendencia emocional del núcleo familiar y el  impacto económico que causa al sistema de salud responsable. Presentamos un caso clínico de un paciente pediátrico en el Hospital Miguel Hidalgo, de la ciudad de Aguascalientes, para demostrar la importancia del manejo integral y multidisciplinario que necesitan estos pacientes.
INDICE DE REVISORES 2017
Authors: DE REVISORES INDICE
Published: March 2021

Reconocimiento a los revisores y dictaminados de la revista Lux Médica del año 2017. El objetivo de presentar documentos relevantes y de validez académica, es apoyado por un grupo de especialistas de diferentes disciplinas, que amablemente aportan su tiempo y su trabajo en forma desinteresada. La taresa de la revisión, que el dictaminador realiza sin saber a quién evalúa, se continúa con la buena disposición de los autores para corregir sus trabajos, atendiendo las observaciones, también anónimas, de los dictámenes. Es así, como Lux Médica quiere mantenes la calidad de su contenido. Reciban nuestro agradecimiento, todos los autores que participaron durante el año 2017.
ARS MÉDICA AÑO 13, NÚMERO 37, SEPTIEMBRE 2017-ABRIL 2018
Authors: De la Torre Alcocer José
Published: March 2021

Espacio dedicado a escritores y artistas, miembroso no, de la comunidad médica, quienes podrán aportar textos y obras artísticas que contribuyan a mejorar la cultura en salud de la comunidad. Publicación financiada con recursos PFCE 2017
The Effect of Ankle Strategy Exercises on Static Balance in The Elderly
Authors: Yuniar Ramadhani Dwi , Arivia Putri
Published: March 2021

Decreased muscle strength is a musculoskeletal disorder in the elderly, resulting in slow movements and impaired physical mobility. Physical changes that occur in the elderly cause the risk of falling. This study analyzes the ankle strategy exercise's effect on static balance in the elderly at Regional Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) Griya Werdha Surabaya. 
 This study was Pre-Experimental with One Group Pre-Post Test Design. From the population, there were thirty-five respondents by simple random sampling. This study's independent variable was ankle strategy exercises with frequency three times a week within a month. The dependent variable was a static balance with the instrument Time Up Go (TUG) test. The authors analyzed the data with the Wilcoxon test.
The study results showed a significant effect of the ankle strategy exercise on static balance in the elderly (p=0,000). The result showed a decrease in the number of elderly who have the high-risk of falling before the ankle strategy exercise (60% of elderly have a high risk of falling) and after the intervention (34% of elderly have a decreased risk of falling). 
 The elderly should do the ankle strategy exercise independently or with assistant three times a week to improve their static balance and decrease their high-risk of falls.
Por real i reial por: el temor a morir emmetzinat a les corts reials mallorquina i catalana
Authors: Contreras Mas Antoni
Published: March 2021

A widespread fear of dying from poison seized the upper classes of European society in the 14th cen-tury, as the inventories of the wealthy and a growing number of treatises on this subject attest. This arti-cle surveys the social context that probably gave rise to this fear and the contents of specialised works on this subject. It also examines the range of precautions against an attempt to poison the king contained in the ordinances that ruled domestic life in the royal courts of Mallorca and the Crown of Aragon.
Arnau Vilanova i la concepció de la medicina com a ciència aristotèlica
Authors: Grau Torras Sergi
Published: March 2021

Arnau considered medicine to be an Aristotelian science, grounded on natural philosophy. However, he did not link medicine to philosophical speculation but rather con-ceived it as an art, a technique to be practiced by following Aristotelian principles. The ability and experience of the physician were fundamental to producing knowledge.
Особливості переживання почуття самотності жінками – мешканками тимчасово окупованої території і жінками – внутрішньо переміщеними особами
Authors: Леонова Інна
Published: March 2021

У статті наведено результати порівняння особливостей переживання почуття самотності жінками-мешканками тимчасово окупованої території і жінками-внутрішньо переміщеними особами. Виявлено, що обом жіночим групам притаманна самотність, яка має певні відмінності. У групі жінок-внутрішньо перемішених осіб найвищий рівень самотності спостерігається у взаємодії з соціумом та у особистісному страху залишитися самою, а у жінок-мешканок тимчасово окупованої території у романтичних стосунках.
Найвищий рівень почуття самотності у жінок-мешканок тимчасово окупованої території визначено у міжособистісних взаєминах, які пов’язані з сім’єю та романтичними стосунками, а у жінок-внутрішньо перемішених осіб - із новим соціумом.
Виявлено відмінності в індивідуально-особистісних рисах жіночих груп, які мають зв'язок із почуттям самотності. У мешканок тимчасово окупованої території самотність пов’язана з втратою сенсу життя, безнадією, відсутністю життєрадісності, неможливістю вільного вибору, емоційною нестійкістю, втратою самоконтролю, дратливістю, агресивністю, розбіжністю у сприйманні самої себе, що призводить до внутрішніх конфліктів та депресії. Переживання самотності внутрішньо перемішеними особами зумовлене відчуттям безнадійності, неприкаяності та неможливістю вільного вибору, що супроводжується ворожістю, агресивністю, конфліктністю, закритістю від приймаючого соціального середовища та схильністю до асоціальної поведінки.
Виявився взаємозв’язок між самотністю та причинами і установками. У жінок-мешканок тимчасово окупованої території самотність пов’язана з відчуженістю та ізольованістю, боязню критики та осуду з боку оточення, втратою самоконтролю, емоційною нестійкістю, негативними емоціями, депресією, низькою самооцінкою і загальним незадоволенням своїм життям. У жінок-внутрішньо перемішених осіб самотність має зв'язок з гіркотою та образою, які є наслідком подій на території Донбасу.
Наведено подібності та відмінності потреб у жіночих групах, які мають безпосередній зв’язок із самотністю. В обох групах виявилась незадоволеною потреба в міжособистісних стосунках. Разом з тим, у групі жінок-мешканок тимчасово окупованої території виявилась незадоволеною потреба в безпеці, у групі жінок-внутрішньо перемішених осіб незадоволені потреби, які стосуються їхнього життя в цілому: невизначеність цілей, низький результат, матеріальні труднощі, неможливість самореалізуватися.
Ключові слова: самотність, жінки-мешканки тимчасово окупованої території, внутрішньо перемішені особи, міжособистісні стосунки, індивідуально-особистісні риси, потреби та мотиви.
Peluang dan Tantangan Promosi Kesehatan Kader Kesehatan Remaja Kota Bogor
Authors: Nasution Andreanda , Parinduri Siti Khodijah , Asnifatima Andi , Saci Muhammad Amin Arigo
Published: March 2021

Masalah kesehatan terus berkembang diantaranya ialah masalah kesehatan yang dapat dicegah melalui perubahan gaya hidup yaitu obesitas meningkat dari 14, % menjadi 21,8 % dan hampir seluruh penyakit tidak menular yang terus meningkat. Partisipasi kader remaja dalam pelaksanaan upaya kesehatan bagi anak usia sekolah dan remaja bertujuan untuk memupuk kebiasaan hidup sehat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menemukan peluang dan tantangan kader kesehatan remaja kota Bogor dalam promosi kesehatan tahun 2020. Metode kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus yang dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Agustus 2020. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survey online, wawancara dan focus group discussion (FGD) kepada informan yang terdiri dari petugas puskesmas, pelatih PMR, anggota PMR, pembina Saka Bakti Husada, pembina komunittas kesehatan IMAGO, dan ketua KSR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peluang terdiri dari bentuk kegiatan beragam, dukungan pihak terkait, teknologi, kebijakan yang mendukung partisipasi remaja dan keterlibatan remaja. Tantangannya ialah, manajemen waktu, konsistensi pelaksanaan kegiatan, pendampingan yang berkelanjutan. Peluang dan tantangan tersebut perlu dioptimalkan serta dihadapi dengan baik untuk mengoptimalkan peran promosi kesehatan kader kesehatan remaja.
A Stepwise Approach to Identify the Clinical Role of FDG PET-CT in Patients with Suspicious Bone Metastasis from an Unknown Primary Site
Authors: Chowdhury Md Sunny Anam , Jeon Subin , Jabin Zeenat , Bom Hee Seung , Min Jung Joon , Kwon Seong Young
Published: March 2021

Objectives: In patients with suspicious bone metastasis, differential diagnosis and primary lesion identification is very important in optimizing treatment planning. The study was aimed to assign a step-wise approach based on image findings to identify the precise role of PET-CT in these patients.

Patients and Methods: A total of 74 patients were enrolled with suspicious bone metastasis who underwent PET-CT for the evaluation of primary focus. Patients were classified into four groups with stepwise manners, firstly based on FDG positivity of bone lesions, then on multiplicity of positive bone uptake and finally on presence of extra-skeletal uptake. We analyzed the difference of distribution of follow-up results according to each group. In addition, we also investigated whether PET-CT had a role to guide biopsy sites.

Results: Except for 7 patients without bone or extra-skeletal uptake, 44 patients were categorized in multiple bone and extra-skeletal uptake group (A), 12 in multiple bone uptake without extra-skeletal uptake group (B), 3 in single bone and extra-skeletal uptake group (C) and 8 in single bone uptake without extra-skeletal uptake group (D). In group A, 42/44 patients had metastatic bone disease; where primary lesion was correlating extra-skeletal uptake in 40 (91.0%) cases. Among the 12 patients of group B, 5 (41.7%) had primary malignant bone disease, 3 (25.0%) had benign bone lesions and 4 (33.3%) had metastatic bone disease but PET-CT failed to indicate the primary site. In group C, PET-CT positive extra-skeletal uptake sites were confirmed as primary lesions in all the 3 patients. Among the 8 patients of group D, 5 (62.5%) were benign bone disease, one (12.5%) was high grade sarcoma and the remaining two (25.0%) were metastatic bone disease where PET-CT failed to identify primary site. Additionally, there was significant (P = 0.0003) difference in prevalence of biopsy sites performed according to the presence of extra-skeletal uptake in PET-CT.

Conclusion: Clinical impact of PET-CT was different according to groups classified with stepwise manners, which suggested that different strategies should be taken especially when there was not extra-skeletal uptake to optimize management plan. PET-CT also had a significant role in patients with extra-skeletal uptake lesion through guidance of easily approachable biopsy sites.

Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 22(2): 95-102, Jul 2019
Experience and Challenges during Establishment of a Cyclotron and PET-CT facility at National Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (NINMAS)
Authors: Islam Md Nurul
Published: March 2021

Abstract not available

Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 22(2): 137-140, Jul 2019
Solitary Liver Metastasis from Follicular Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Perveen Rahima , Ferdous Jasmin , Quddus Sharmin , Mandal Tapati
Published: March 2021

Papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas, together known as differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTC), are among the most curable of cancers. Distant metastases are rare events at the onset of DTC. Sites of metastases from follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) are usually osseous, and those from papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) metastasize to regional nodal basins and the lungs. Visceral metastases are rare, but the involvement of multiple sites has been reported so far. Liver metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma (LMDTC) are rare.We present the case of a patient with follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) unusually involving the liver.

Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 22(2): 146-149, Jul 2019
Body Mass Index and Common Geriatric Health Problems Among Elderly Retired Armed Forces Personnel
Authors: Khan Md Nasirul Haque , Kabir Md Iqbal , Khan Fatema Zerin
Published: March 2021

Background: Aging is universal and it is inescapable. Health problems of elderly people are a global emerging issue. Body mass index (BMI) is a test often used to help medical professiona ls to assess nutritional status along with overall fitness and risk for disease in elderly. This study was conducted to assess  the  BMI  and  common  geriatric health problems among elderly retired armed forces personnel.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among purposively selected 226 elderly retired armed forces personnel in both outpatient and inpatient departments of the Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka Cantonment from July 2018 to Jun e 2019. The study aimed to assess the association between BMI and common geriatric health problems. A questionnaire comprising of all the variables of interest were developed and used for data collection by face to face interview. Data were also collected by physical measurement and reviewing medical documents of the participants.

Results: Among the participants, majority (32.3%) had BMI c:25, 31 .9 % had 23-24.9, 30. 1 % had 18.5-22.9 and 5.8% had <18 .5 BMl group. Average number of morbidities perparticipant was 2.59. Out of all , 20.5% had hypertension, 13. 7% had heart disease , 13.1 % had diabetes, 1 2.5% had respiratory disease, 8.4% had dental disease, 7.5% had cataract, 7.5% had  prostate enlargement,  5.8%  had cancer, 5.6%  hadarthritis and  5.5%  hadear disease.  Association of BMI of participants with hypertensi on, heart disease was found statistically significant (p<0.05). No significant association was found with diabetes and respiratory disease ( p<0.05).

Conclusion: Nutritional status of the elderly should be emphasized for prevention and control of health problems in retired armed forces elderly; for that BMl could be crucial indicator.

JOPSOM 2020; 39(1): 14-20
Socio-Economic Status and Depression Amongst the Urban Adolescents
Authors: Datta Dipa , Rahman Md Shafiur , Hamid Shaheda
Published: March 2021

Background: Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a person's thought, behavior feelings and physical wellbeing. Mental health of adolescents has been drawn going attention due to sustain increase in adolescent depression as well as suicidal incidence. The study aimed to determine the level of depression among the urban adolescents and its association with socio-economic status (SES).

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 384 adolescent students of selected English and Bangla medium school of Dhaka city during January to December 2016. A semi-structured questionnaire and convenience sampling technique were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: The study findings revealed that a large number of adolescents (34.11%) had depression and females are more (80%) prone to be depressed. Socio-economic status had significant association with the level of depression (p- 0.000). Out of 131 depressed respondents, 58.77%, 28.24%, 12.97% were in middle, upper and lower class respectively. Among all the depressed adolescents, 67.93% found significant depression and (32.06%) found cutoff score of depression.

Conclusion: This study showed that depression is remained uncared health problem among the adolescents due to socio-economic problem. More attention and awareness need at the national level for early diagnosis of Adolescent depression.

JOPSOM 2020; 39(1): 21-25
Salinity in drinking water and blood pressure status of adolescent school children in coastal area of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Irin , Khan Manzurul Haque
Published: March 2021

Background: High dietary salt intake from food is a major risk factor for raised blood pressure (BP) worldwide.  In the context of Bang ladesh , information regarding salinity in water and blood pressure especially in the  adolescent population is very scarce.  This study  was conducted  to  assess  the  blood  pressure  status  of  adolescent  school  children in coastal area of Bangladesh.

Methods: A one-year school based cross-sectional study was carried out among 528 students of class 8-10 at schools of Bajua Union, Dacope Upazilla, saline prone zone of Khulna district. Relevant data were collected by using pre tested semi-structured questionnaire with face to face interview & checklist. Blood pressure was mea sured in a controlled environment and Collected water sources were analyzed by DPHE, Water Testing Laboratory. The study was conducted in the schools of Bajua Uni on, Dacope Upa zilla of the saline prone zone of Khulna district in between a one-year time frame.

Results:  Among 528 participants most of them  were male (353, 66.9%) with an age of 14 years (185  ,  35.0%).  Most of them were read in class 8 (185 , 35.0%). Prevalence of paternal, maternal, paternal grandparents' and maternal grandparents' history of hypertension were found significant. About 72.3% regularly took extra salt during meal and 43.9% took salt preserved fish with  meal. Mean of systolic blood  pressure  of respondents were 114.2197 ± 7.61448  mm of Hg. Mean of diastolic blood pressure of respondents were 75.1 780 ± 5.45959 mm of Hg. Mean of pulse pressure of respondents were 39.0417 ± 6.56430. Mean of mean arterial pressure of respondents  were 88. I 9  I 9  ±  5.44267 mm of Hg. Sodium concentration of pond were approximately in between 500-600 mg/I, whereas in  tube  wells approximately in between 700-1 I 00 mg/I.

Conclusion: Drinking water sodium is an important source of daily sodium intake , and therefore a risk factor for increased BP in salinity prone coastal areas. This adds to the cardiovascular health risks associated with food sodium intake in Southeast Asian populations. Low- saline alternative drinking water sources could effectively help to prevent high BP and hypertension-related morbidity and mortality in these coastal populations. New technologies for the supply of such alternative sources, including safeguarding the microbial quality , should be further studied.

JOPSOM 2020; 39(1): 60-66
Importance of knowledge on lipid composition of foods to support development towards consumption of higher levels of n-3 fatty acids via freshwater fish
Authors: Pickova J
Published: March 2021

The need of better labelling of fats in processed animal origin
products is urgent. The lack of information makes it possible to
exclude n-3 fatty acids in preparations of foods. The higher fat
content, the higher n-6/n-3 ratio seems to be a rule. It is
desirable to broaden the labelling into which oils have been used
when foods are processed. The dietary balance of n-6 and n-3
fatty acids is important for homeostasis and normal development
in humans. The ratio between n-6/n-3 fatty acids suggested to
be evolutionary developed is between 1 and 4. The main
conclusion is that the fat sources used during processing and
preparation of convenient foods have the largest impact on the
food FA content and composition. A proposal is therefore that
this should be declared on the product label especially the n-3 FA
content. It is also of large importance to increase consumption of
freshwater fish fed suitable feeds containing n-3 fatty acids in
central Europe to enable a generally lower n-6/n-3 ratio in the
human diet. Therefore optimizing feeds to freshwater fish in
culture is urgent and important.
Mechanistic Drivers of Müllerian Duct Development and Differentiation Into the Oviduct
Authors: Santana Gonzalez Laura , Rota Ioanna A. , Artibani Mara , Morotti Matteo , Hu Zhiyuan , Wietek Nina , Alsaadi Abdulkhaliq , Albukhari Ashwag , Sauka-Spengler Tatjana , Ahmed Ahmed A.
Published: March 2021

The conduits of life; the animal oviducts and human fallopian tubes are of paramount importance for reproduction in amniotes. They connect the ovary with the uterus and are essential for fertility. They provide the appropriate environment for gamete maintenance, fertilization and preimplantation embryonic development. However, serious pathologies, such as ectopic pregnancy, malignancy and severe infections, occur in the oviducts. They can have drastic effects on fertility, and some are life-threatening. Despite the crucial importance of the oviducts in life, relatively little is known about the molecular drivers underpinning the embryonic development of their precursor structures, the Müllerian ducts, and their successive differentiation and maturation. The Müllerian ducts are simple rudimentary tubes comprised of an epithelial lumen surrounded by a mesenchymal layer. They differentiate into most of the adult female reproductive tract (FRT). The earliest sign of Müllerian duct formation is the thickening of the anterior mesonephric coelomic epithelium to form a placode of two distinct progenitor cells. It is proposed that one subset of progenitor cells undergoes partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT), differentiating into immature Müllerian luminal cells, and another subset undergoes complete EMT to become Müllerian mesenchymal cells. These cells invaginate and proliferate forming the Müllerian ducts. Subsequently, pEMT would be reversed to generate differentiated epithelial cells lining the fully formed Müllerian lumen. The anterior Müllerian epithelial cells further specialize into the oviduct epithelial subtypes. This review highlights the key established molecular and genetic determinants of the processes involved in Müllerian duct development and the differentiation of its upper segment into oviducts. Furthermore, an extensive genome-wide survey of mouse knockout lines displaying Müllerian or oviduct phenotypes was undertaken. In addition to widely established genetic determinants of Müllerian duct development, our search has identified surprising associations between loss-of-function of several genes and high-penetrance abnormalities in the Müllerian duct and/or oviducts. Remarkably, these associations have not been investigated in any detail. Finally, we discuss future directions for research on Müllerian duct development and oviducts.
Role of LrrkA in the Control of Phagocytosis and Cell Motility in Dictyostelium discoideum
Authors: Bodinier Romain , Sabra Ayman , Leiba Jade , Marchetti Anna , Lamrabet Otmane , Ayadi Imen , Filić Vedrana , Kawata Takefumi , Weber Igor , Cosson Pierre
Published: March 2021

LrrkA is aDictyostelium discoideumkinase with leucine-rich repeats. LrrkA stimulates Kil2 and intra-phagosomal killing of ingested bacteria in response to folate. In this study, we show that genetic inactivation oflrrkAalso causes a previously unnoticed phenotype:lrrkAKO cells exhibit enhanced phagocytosis and cell motility compared to parental cells. This phenotype is cell autonomous, is reversible upon re-expression of LrrkA, and is not due to an abnormal response to inhibitory quorum-sensing factors secreted byD. discoideumin its medium. In addition, folate increases motility in parentalD. discoideumcells, but not inlrrkAKO cells, suggesting that LrrkA plays a pivotal role in the cellular response to folate. On the contrary,lrrkAKO cells regulate gene transcription in response to folate in a manner indistinguishable from parental cells. Overall, based on analysis of mutant phenotypes, we identify gene products that participate in the control of intracellular killing, cell motility, and gene transcription in response to folate. These observations reveal a mechanism by whichD. discoideumencountering bacterially-secreted folate can migrate, engulf, and kill bacteria more efficiently.
In situ Adipogenesis in Biomaterials Without Cell Seeds: Current Status and Perspectives
Authors: Yang Jiqiao , Zhou Chen , Fu Jingyang , Yang Qianru , He Tao , Tan Qiuwen , Lv Qing
Published: March 2021

For cosmetic and reconstructive purposes in the setting of small-volume adipose tissue damage due to aging, traumatic defects, oncological resections, and degenerative diseases, the current strategies for soft tissue replacement involve autologous fat grafts and tissue fillers with synthetic, bioactive, or tissue-engineered materials. However, they all have drawbacks such as volume shrinkage and foreign-body responses. Aiming to regenerate bioactive vascularized adipose tissue on biomaterial scaffolds, adipose tissue engineering (ATE) has emerged as a suitable substitute for soft tissue repair. The essential components of ATE include scaffolds as support, cells as raw materials for fat formation, and a tolerant local environment to allow regeneration to occur. The commonly loaded seeding cells are adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), which are expected to induce stable and predictable adipose tissue formation. However, defects in stem cell enrichment, such as donor-site sacrifice, limit their wide application. As a promising alternative approach, cell-free bioactive scaffolds recruit endogenous cells for adipogenesis. In biomaterials without cell seeds, the key to sufficient adipogenesis relies on the recruitment of endogenous host cells and continuous induction of cell homing to scaffolds. Regeneration, rather than repair, is the fundamental dominance of an optimal mature product. To inducein situadipogenesis, many researchers have focused on the mechanical and biochemical properties of scaffolds. In addition, efforts to regulate an angiogenic and adipogenic microenvironment in cell-free settings involve integrating growth factors or extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins onto bioactive scaffolds. Despite the theoretical feasibility and encouraging results in animal models, few of the reported cell-free biomaterials have been tested in humans, and failures of decellularized adipose tissues in adipogenesis have also been reported. In these cases, the most likely reason was the lack of supporting vasculature. This review summarizes the current status of biomaterials without cell seeds. Related mechanisms and influencing factors ofin situadipogenesis in cell-free biomaterials, dilemma in the development of biomaterials, and future perspectives are also addressed.
Multiparametric vs. Inferior Vena Cava–Based Estimation of Right Atrial Pressure
Authors: Toma Matteo , Giovinazzo Stefano , Crimi Gabriele , Masoero Giovanni , Balbi Manrico , Montecucco Fabrizio , Canepa Marco , Porto Italo , Ameri Pietro
Published: March 2021

Background: Right atrial pressure (RAP) can be estimated by echocardiography from inferior vena cava diameter and collapsibility (eRAPIVC), tricuspid E/e′ ratio (eRAPE/e′), or hepatic vein flow (eRAPHV). The mean of these estimates (eRAPmean) might be more accurate than single assessments.

Methods and Results: eRAPIVC, eRAPE/e′, eRAPHV (categorized in 5, 10, 15, or 20 mmHg), eRAPmean (continuous values) and invasive RAP (iRAP) were obtained in 43 consecutive patients undergoing right heart catheterization [median age 69 (58–75) years, 49% males]. There was a positive correlation between eRAPmean and iRAP (Spearman test r = 0.66, P < 0.001), with Bland–Altman test showing the best agreement for values <10 mmHg. There was also a trend for decreased concordance between eRAPIVC, eRAPE/e′, eRAPHV, and iRAP across the 5- to 20-mmHg categories, and iRAP was significantly different from eRAPE/e′ and eRAPHV for the 20-mmHg category (Wilcoxon signed-rank test P = 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively). The areas under the curve in predicting iRAP were nonsignificantly better for eRAPmean than for eRAPIVC at both 5-mmHg [0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49–0.80 vs. 0.70, 95% CI 0.53–0.87; Wald test P = 0.41] and 10-mmHg (0.76, 95% CI 0.60–0.92 vs. 0.81, 95% CI 0.67–0.96; P = 0.43) thresholds.

Conclusions: Our data suggest that multiparametric eRAPmean does not provide advantage over eRAPIVC, despite being more complex and time-consuming.
Assessing Impacts of Changes in External Nutrient Loadings on a Temperate Chinese Drinking Water Reservoir
Authors: Chou Qingchuan , Nielsen Anders , Andersen Tobias K. , Hu Fenjuan , Chen Weiyu , Zhang Xiaolin , Cao Te , Ni Leyi , Jeppesen Erik , Trolle Dennis
Published: March 2021

The safety of drinking water is constantly being evaluated. In the last few decades, however, many drinking waters sources in the world, including in China, have undergone serious eutrophication and consequently water quality deterioration due to anthropogenic induced stressors such as elevated external nutrient inputs. In this study, we used the state-of-the-art complex, dynamic, mechanistic model GOTM-FABM-PCLake (a coupled one-dimensional hydrodynamic-lake ecosystem model) to quantitatively assess the impacts of external nutrient loading on the temperate Jihongtan reservoir in Shandong Province, China. Simulated values of all variables targeted in calibration (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll a) agreed well with observations throughout the entire calibration and validation period and generally mimicked seasonal dynamics and inter-annual variations as found in the monitoring data. A series of scenarios, representing changed external nutrient loadings (both increasing and decreasing compared to the current nutrient load), were set up to quantify the effects on the reservoir water quality. Changes relative to the current external nutrient load had a significant effect on the simulated TN and TP concentrations in the reservoir. Our impact assessment indicate that TN will meet the Chinese water quality requirements of the water source (Class III) when the external nitrogen load is reduced by 70%, whereas TP will meet the requirements even if the external phosphorus load is increased by 100% relative to current loads. The model predicts progressively higher summer and autumn phytoplankton biomasses in the scenarios with increasing external phosphorus loading and potential toxic cyanobacteria will become more dominant at the expense of diatoms and other algae. Strict control of the external nutrient loading is therefore needed to maintain good drinking water quality in the reservoir.
Derivation of Predator Functional Responses Using a Mechanistic Approach in a Natural System
Authors: Beardsell Andréanne , Gravel Dominique , Berteaux Dominique , Gauthier Gilles , Clermont Jeanne , Careau Vincent , Lecomte Nicolas , Juhasz Claire-Cécile , Royer-Boutin Pascal , Bêty Joël
Published: March 2021

The functional response is at the core of any predator-prey interactions as it establishes the link between trophic levels. The use of inaccurate functional response can profoundly affect the outcomes of population and community models. Yet most functional responses are evaluated using phenomenological models which often fail to discriminate among functional response shapes and cannot identify the proximate mechanisms regulating predator acquisition rates. Using a combination of behavioral, demographic, and experimental data collected over 20 years, we develop a mechanistic model based on species traits and behavior to assess the functional response of a generalist mammalian predator, the arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), to various tundra prey species (lemmings and the nests of geese, passerines, and sandpipers). Predator acquisition rates derived from the mechanistic model were consistent with field observations. Although acquisition rates slightly decrease at high goose nest and lemming densities, none of our simulations resulted in a saturating response in all prey species. Our results highlight the importance of predator searching components in predator-prey interactions, especially predator speed, while predator acquisition rates were not limited by handling processes. By combining theory with field observations, our study provides support that the predator acquisition rate is not systematically limited at the highest prey densities observed in a natural system. Our study also illustrates how mechanistic models based on empirical estimates of the main components of predation can generate functional response shapes specific to the range of prey densities observed in the wild. Such models are needed to fully untangle proximate drivers of predator-prey population dynamics and to improve our understanding of predator-mediated interactions in natural communities.
Utility of Climatic Information via Combining Ability Models to Improve Genomic Prediction for Yield Within the Genomes to Fields Maize Project
Authors: Jarquin Diego , de Leon Natalia , Romay Cinta , Bohn Martin , Buckler Edward S. , Ciampitti Ignacio , Edwards Jode , Ertl David , Flint-Garcia Sherry , Gore Michael A. , Graham Christopher , Hirsch Candice N. , Holland James B. , Hooker David , Kaeppler Shawn M. , Knoll Joseph , Lee Elizabeth C. , Lawrence-Dill Carolyn J. , Lynch Jonathan P. , Moose Stephen P. , Murray Seth C. , Nelson Rebecca , Rocheford Torbert , Schnable James C. , Schnable Patrick S. , Smith Margaret , Springer Nathan , Thomison Peter , Tuinstra Mitch , Wisser Randall J. , Xu Wenwei , Yu Jianming , Lorenz Aaron
Published: March 2021

Genomic prediction provides an efficient alternative to conventional phenotypic selection for developing improved cultivars with desirable characteristics. New and improved methods to genomic prediction are continually being developed that attempt to deal with the integration of data types beyond genomic information. Modern automated weather systems offer the opportunity to capture continuous data on a range of environmental parameters at specific field locations. In principle, this information could characterize training and target environments and enhance predictive ability by incorporating weather characteristics as part of the genotype-by-environment (G×E) interaction component in prediction models. We assessed the usefulness of including weather data variables in genomic prediction models using a naïve environmental kinship model across 30 environments comprising the Genomes to Fields (G2F) initiative in 2014 and 2015. Specifically four different prediction scenarios were evaluated (i) tested genotypes in observed environments; (ii) untested genotypes in observed environments; (iii) tested genotypes in unobserved environments; and (iv) untested genotypes in unobserved environments. A set of 1,481 unique hybrids were evaluated for grain yield. Evaluations were conducted using five different models including main effect of environments; general combining ability (GCA) effects of the maternal and paternal parents modeled using the genomic relationship matrix; specific combining ability (SCA) effects between maternal and paternal parents; interactions between genetic (GCA and SCA) effects and environmental effects; and finally interactions between the genetics effects and environmental covariates. Incorporation of the genotype-by-environment interaction term improved predictive ability across all scenarios. However, predictive ability was not improved through inclusion of naive environmental covariates in G×E models. More research should be conducted to link the observed weather conditions with important physiological aspects in plant development to improve predictive ability through the inclusion of weather data.
Effect of NCOR1 Mutations on Immune Microenvironment and Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patient with Bladder Cancer
Authors: Lin Anqi , Qiu Zhengang , Zhang Jian , Luo Peng
Published: March 2021

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has significantly progressed the treatment of bladder cancer (BLCA). Multiple studies have suggested that specific genetic mutations may serve as immune biomarkers for ICB therapy. Additionally, the nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR1) gene is a new player in the field of immune tolerance and the development of immune cells. In the ICI-treated-cohort, NCOR1 mutations may be used as a biomarker to predict the prognosis of BLCA patients receiving ICIs. The overall survival (OS) of the NCOR1-mutant (NCOR1-MT) group was significantly longer than that of NCOR1-wild-type (NCOR1-WT) group (P = 0·031; HR [95%CI]: 0·25 [0·12–0·52]). In the TCGA-BLCA-cohort, compared with NCOR1-WT, NCOR1-MT was associated with known predictors of ICB therapy efficacy, such as higher tumor mutational burden (TMB), neoantigen load and the number of mutations in the DNA damage-repair pathway. In addition, NCOR1-MT tumors had highly infiltrating TILs, activated antitumor immunity, and a high expression of immune-related genes, suggesting that NCOR1 mutations may serve as a potential biomarker to guide ICB therapy in BLCA.
Predicting Lyme Disease From Patients' Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Profiled With RNA-Sequencing
Authors: Clarke Daniel J. B. , Rebman Alison W. , Bailey Allison , Wojciechowicz Megan L. , Jenkins Sherry L. , Evangelista John E. , Danieletto Matteo , Fan Jinshui , Eshoo Mark W. , Mosel Michael R. , Robinson William , Ramadoss Nitya , Bobe Jason , Soloski Mark J. , Aucott John N. , Ma'ayan Avi
Published: March 2021

Although widely prevalent, Lyme disease is still under-diagnosed and misunderstood. Here we followed 73 acute Lyme disease patients and uninfected controls over a period of a year. At each visit, RNA-sequencing was applied to profile patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells in addition to extensive clinical phenotyping. Based on the projection of the RNA-seq data into lower dimensions, we observe that the cases are separated from controls, and almost all cases never return to cluster with the controls over time. Enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes between clusters identifies up-regulation of immune response genes. This observation is also supported by deconvolution analysis to identify the changes in cell type composition due to Lyme disease infection. Importantly, we developed several machine learning classifiers that attempt to perform various Lyme disease classifications. We show that Lyme patients can be distinguished from the controls as well as from COVID-19 patients, but classification was not successful in distinguishing those patients with early Lyme disease cases that would advance to develop post-treatment persistent symptoms.
Vitamin D in Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Related Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)
Authors: Feketea Gavriela , Vlacha Vasiliki , Bocsan Ioana Corina , Vassilopoulou Emilia , Stanciu Luminita Aurelia , Zdrenghea Mihnea
Published: March 2021

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but devastating complication of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). The development of prognostic biomarkers and more importantly the implementation of new treatment modalities would have a significant impact in clinical practice regarding the outcome of MIS-C. Vitamin D could be a potential candidate. In this mini review we analyze the immunomodulatory role of vitamin D in viral infections and specifically in COVID-19. We also examine the current literature regarding the association of vitamin D with MIS-C and Kawasaki disease. The vitamin D was evaluated not only as a biomarker but also as a nutritional supplement. We concluded that vitamin D levels could be valuable in predicting severe forms of MIS-C and correction of abnormal levels in severe MIS-C may influences its evolution. 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] supplementation raising serum [25(OH)D] concentrations potentially have a favorable effect in reducing the severity of MIS-C in certain circumstances. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.