bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topological Crystalline Insulator Candidate ErAsS with Hourglass Fermion and Magnetic‐Tuned Topological Phase Transition
Authors: Chen Hongxiang , Gao Jiacheng , Chen Long , Wang Gang , Li Hang , Wang Yulong , Liu Juanjuan , Wang Jinchen , Geng Daiyu , Zhang Qinghua , Sheng Jieming , Ye Feng , Qian Tian , Chen Lan , Weng Hongming , Ma Jie , Chen Xiaolong
Published: June 2022

Topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) with hourglass fermion surface state have attracted a lot of attention and are further enriched by crystalline symmetries and magnetic order. Here, the emergence of hourglass fermion surface state and exotic phases in the newly discovered, air‐stable ErAsS single crystals are shown. In the paramagnetic phase, ErAsS is expected to be a TCI with hourglass fermion surface state protected by the nonsymmorphic symmetry. Dirac‐cone‐like bands and nearly linear dispersions in large energy range are experimentally observed, consistent well with theoretical calculations. Below TN ≈ 3.27 K, ErAsS enters a collinear antiferromagnetic state, which is a trivial insulator breaking the time‐reversal symmetry. An intermediate incommensurate magnetic state appears in a narrow temperature range (3.27–3.65 K), exhibiting an abrupt change in magnetic coupling. The results reveal that ErAsS is an experimentally available TCI candidate and provide a unique platform to understand the formation of hourglass fermion surface state and explore magnetic‐tuned topological phase transitions.
Spin‐Mixing Enhanced Proximity Effect in Aluminum‐Based Superconductor–Semiconductor Hybrids
Authors: Mazur Grzegorz P. , van Loo Nick , Wang Ji‐Yin , Dvir Tom , Wang Guanzhong , Khindanov Aleksei , Korneychuk Svetlana , Borsoi Francesco , Dekker Robin C. , Badawy Ghada , Vinke Peter , Gazibegovic Sasa , Bakkers Erik P. A. M. , Pérez Marina Quintero‐ , Heedt Sebastian , Kouwenhoven Leo P.
Published: June 2022

In superconducting quantum circuits, aluminum is one of the most widely used materials. It is currently also the superconductor of choice for the development of topological qubits. However, aluminum‐based devices suffer from poor magnetic field compatibility. Herein, this limitation is resolved by showing that adatoms of heavy elements (e.g., platinum) increase the critical field of thin aluminum films by more than a factor of two. Using tunnel junctions, it is shown that the increased field resilience originates from spin‐orbit scattering introduced by Pt. This property is exploited in the context of the superconducting proximity effect in semiconductor–superconductor hybrids, where it is shown that InSb nanowires strongly coupled to Al/Pt films can maintain superconductivity up to 7 T. The two‐electron charging effect is shown to be robust against the presence of heavy adatoms. Additionally, non‐local spectroscopy is used in a three‐terminal geometry to probe the bulk of hybrid devices, showing that it remains free of sub‐gap states. Finally, it is demonstrated that proximitized semiconductor states maintain their ability to Zeeman‐split in an applied magnetic field. Combined with the chemical stability and well‐known fabrication routes of aluminum, Al/Pt emerges as the natural successor to Al‐based systems and is a compelling alternative to other superconductors, whenever high‐field resilience is required.
Accessing Excitation‐ and Time‐Responsive Afterglows from Aqueous Processable Amorphous Polymer Films through Doping and Energy Transfer
Authors: Wang Zhengshuo , Li Anze , Zhao Zihao , Zhu Tianwen , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Yongzhi , Tan Yeqiang , Yuan Wang Zhang
Published: June 2022

Smart afterglow materials in response to excitation and delay time, including crystals, polymeric films, and carbon dots, have attracted considerable attention on account of their fundamental value in photophysics and promising applications in optoelectronics. However, the fabrication of amorphous and flexible polymer films with fine control remains underexplored. Herein, new doped polymer films based on sodium alginate and aromatic carboxylates are developed, which demonstrate following advantages: (i) easy and fast fabrication through the aqueous solution process, (ii) flexible, transparent, and re‐dissolvable characteristics, (iii) multi‐tunable afterglow colors from blue to red and even white with fine control. Specifically, even better controllability can be achieved through co‐doping and triplet‐to‐singlet Förster resonance energy transfer (TS‐FRET). Multimode advanced anti‐counterfeiting of these materials is demonstrated using their excitation‐ and time‐dependent as well as TS‐FRET‐mediated afterglow colors.
A Snakeskin‐Inspired, Soft‐Hinge Kirigami Metamaterial for Self‐Adaptive Conformal Electronic Armor
Authors: Jiang Shan , Liu Jianpeng , Xiong Wennan , Yang Zhaoxi , Yin Liting , Li Kan , Huang YongAn
Published: June 2022

A majority of soft‐body creatures evolve armor or shells to protect themselves. Similar protection demand is for flexible electronics working in complex environments. Existing works mainly focus on improving the sensing capabilities such as electronic skin (E‐skin). Inspired by snakeskin, a novel electronic armor (E‐armor) is proposed, which not only possesses mechanical flexibility and electronic functions similar to E‐skin, but is also able to protect itself and the underlying soft body from external physical damage. The geometry of the kirigami mechanical metamaterial (Kiri‐MM) ensures auxetic stretchability and meanwhile large areal coverage for sufficient protection. Moreover, to suppress the inherent but undesired out‐of‐plane buckling of conventional Kiri‐MMs for conformal applications, soft hinges are used to form a distinct soft (hinges)‐rigid (tiles) configuration. Analytical, computational, and experimental studies of the mechanical behaviors of the soft‐hinge Kiri‐MM E‐armor demonstrate the merits of this design, i.e., stretchability, conformability, and protectability, as applied to flexible electronics. Deploying a conductive soft material at the hinges enables facile wiring strategies for large‐scale circuit arrays. Functional E‐armor systems for controllable display and sensing purposes provide simple examples of a wide spectrum of applications of this concept.
Electrochemical Decarboxylative Coupling of N‐Substituted Glycines under Air: Access to C3‐Aminomethylated Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines
Authors: Li Sifeng , Li Xingchen , Wang Taimin , Yang Qingjing , Ouyang Zijun , Chen Jieyu , Zhai Hongbin , Li Xiao , Cheng Bin
Published: June 2022

An electrochemical decarboxylative aminomethylation reaction of imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines with various N‐substituted glycines in acetonitrile at room temperature has been described. The reaction could be conducted under light‐free, catalyst‐free, oxidant‐free, and air conditions, affording the C3‐aminomethylated imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines in good to high yields. Remarkably, N‐aryl, N,N‐dialkyl, and N‐alkyl‐N‐aryl glycines are all well‐tolerated in this easily handled protocol, which further expands the chemical space of bioactive imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine derivatives.

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Superconducting Proximity Effect in d‐Wave Cuprate/Graphene Heterostructures
Authors: Perconte David , Bercioux Dario , Dlubak Bruno , Seneor Pierre , Bergeret Fernando Sebastian , Villegas Javier E.
Published: June 2022

Superconducting proximity effects in graphene have received a great deal of attention for over a decade now. This has unveiled a plethora of exotic effects linked to the specificities of graphene's electronic properties. The vast majority of the related studies are based on conventional, low‐temperature superconducting metals with isotropic s‐wave pairing. Here recent advances made on the less studied case of unconventional high‐temperature superconducting cuprates are reviewed. These are characterized by an anisotropic d‐wave pairing, whose interplay with Dirac electrons yields very rich physics and novel proximity behaviors. A theoretical analysis is provided and the experiments reported so far are summarized. These unveil hints of proximity‐induced unconventional pairing and demonstrate the gate‐tunable, long‐range propagation of high‐temperature superconducting correlations in graphene. Finally, the fundamental and technological opportunities brought by the theoretical and experimental advances are discussed, together with the interest in extending similar studies to other Dirac materials.
Multicomponent Crystals with Competing Intermolecular Interactions: In Situ X‐ray Diffraction and Luminescent Features Reveal Multimolecular Assembly under Mechanochemical Conditions
Authors: Yano Yoshio , Kasai Hidetaka , Zheng Yanyan , Nishibori Eiji , Hisaeda Yoshio , Ono Toshikazu
Published: June 2022

Supramolecular chemistry under mechanochemical conditions has drawn attention because it can induce low‐solubility molecules to self‐assemble, although most of the reported examples have been limited to two‐component systems. We applied mechanochemical synthesis to achieve multimolecular self‐assembly in more challenging three‐component systems. The produced crystals showed multicolor solid‐state luminescence depending on the components when exposed to UV light. Optical outputs and X‐ray diffraction studies were used to examine the self‐assembling behavior in greater depth. Using synchrotron radiation, in situ X‐ray diffraction permitted direct observation of the milling process, which started the self‐assembly process within 1 min. This research emphasizes the importance of multicomponent molecules with optical functions and self‐assembling behavior and offers the possibility of developing more complicated multicomponent crystals and organic solid solutions for advanced materials.
Protonengradienten erhöhen die Sensitivität von in Liposomen eingeschlossenen supramolekularen Chemosensoren
Authors: Nilam Mohamed , Karmacharya Shreya , Nau Werner M. , Hennig Andreas
Published: June 2022

Eine umfassende Herausforderung in der Entwicklung supramolekularer Sensorsysteme ist die Verbesserung ihrer Sensitivität, was für gewöhnlich die Synthese verbesserter Rezeptoren mit erhöhter Affinität für den Analyten beinhaltet. Wir zeigen, dass eine ausgeprägte Sensitivitätsverbesserung um ein bis zwei Größenordnungen dadurch erreicht werden kann, dass supramolekulare Chemosensoren in Liposomen eingeschlossen werden, die einem pH‐Gradienten über die Lipiddoppelschicht ausgesetzt sind. Dies hat ein Ungleichgewicht der Zu‐ und Abflussgeschwindigkeiten von basischen und sauren Analyten in das Liposom zur Folge und führt zu einer signifikant erhöhten Analytkonzentration im Inneren des Liposoms. Der Nutzwert unserer mit Liposomen verbesserten Sensoren wurde mit verschiedenen Wirt‐Farbstoff‐Reporterpaaren und Sensormechanismen gezeigt, und wir konnten sehr einfach die Sensitivität für mehrere biologisch wichtige Analyten, inklusive der Neurotransmitter Serotonin und Tryptamin, signifikant erhöhen.
Adaptive soft sensor based on transfer learning and ensemble learning for multiple process states
Authors: Yamada Nobuhito , Kaneko Hiromasa
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study is to develop an adaptive software sensor technique that can predict objective process variables for a target grade in a plant while also considering information related to various other grades. We use a dataset of the target grade as the target domain and those of the other grades as source domains to perform transfer learning. Multiple models or sub‐models are constructed by setting a source domain for each grade and changing the number of samples used as the source domain. Furthermore, to prevent the negative transfer, the use of a source domain is automatically judged. In this study, we constructed sub‐models using the locally weighted partial least squares approach as an adaptive soft sensor technique. The values of an objective variable were predicted with ensemble learning using sub‐models. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified using a dataset measured in an actual incineration plant, and the proposed method was able to accurately predict the product quality even when the plant was operated in five grades and when a new grade was produced.
Rapid and Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of TP53 Gene Mutation in Blood: Hybridization with a DNA/Gold‐Coated Magnetic Nanoparticle Network
Authors: Chen Dongfei , Wu Yanfang
Published: June 2022

Mutant TP53 has been demonstrated to be a promising biomarker as it is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer. However, quantifying TP53 mutation presents two unique challenges: a broad concentration range and ultralow abundance. This study reports on the development of an ultrasensitive and highly‐selective electrochemical biosensor for the rapid detection of TP53 mutation in blood. TP53 mutation analysis is based on a network of gold‐coated magnetic nanoparticles modified with probe DNA (DNA−Au@MNPs). The DNA−Au@MNPs biosensor can rapidly and selectively detect TP53 gene with a single‐base mutation at a high background of wild‐type TP53 gene in blood. Moreover, the sensor presents a broad dynamic range of 1 aM to 10 nM for the mutant TP53 gene with the lowest detected concentration of 1 aM and significantly reduced response time of 20 min. Therefore, this biosensor demonstrates the potential to be used for minimally invasive analysis of cancer.
Real‐world evidence following a mandatory treatment break after a 1‐year prophylactic treatment with calcitonin gene‐related peptide (pathway) monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Nsaka Michael , Scheffler Armin , Wurthmann Sebastian , Schenk Hannah , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Glas Martin , Holle Dagny
Published: June 2022

Background

Current German and European guidelines suggest migraine patients undertake a treatment break after 9 to 12 months of treatment with CGRP (pathway) monoclonal antibodies.

Methods

Clinical routine data of highly resistant migraine patients were analyzed before treatment with CGRP monoclonal antibodies (baseline), after 12 months of treatment, and following a treatment break between November 2018 and December 2020 in the West German Headache Centre, University Hospital Essen, Germany. Monthly migraine days (MMD), monthly headache days (MHD), and days of acute medication intake (AMD) were assessed.

Results

Complete clinical data from 46 migraine patients (14 episodic migraine (EM), 32 chronic migraine (CM) patients) treated with erenumab (n = 40), galcanezumab (n = 4), and fremanezumab (n = 2) were analyzed. The mean number of MMDs among EM and CM patients after 12 months of CGRP antibody treatment increased during the treatment break by 5.18 (SE 0.92, p < .001) and 5.06 (SE 1.22, p = .003) days, respectively. There was an increased intake of acute medications among episodic (4.72, SE 0.87, p = .004) and chronic migraine patients (3.01, SE 1.08, p = .013) during treatment break. Eighty‐three percent of patients (n = 38) were dissatisfied with the mandatory treatment break. All patients continued with a CGRP (pathway) monoclonal antibody after the mandatory treatment break.

Conclusion

A mandatory break in CGRP (pathway) monoclonal antibody therapy had a negative short‐term impact on migraine patients.
Identification of novel somatic fusions of ERG‐VEGFA, TMPRSS2‐ERG, and VEGFA‐TMPRSS2 in prostate cancer treated with anlotinib and androgen deprivation therapy: A case report
Authors: Liu Qiuli , Wang Shuo , Wang Ze , Tang Peng , Zhang Dianzheng , Lan Weihua , Jiang Jun
Published: June 2022

The TMPRSS2‐ERG fusion gene has frequently been found in prostate cancer and is associated with malignancy. Identifying novel fusions will help to stratify patients and establish patient‐tailored therapies. A 78‐year‐old man presented to our hospital with severe symptoms of urinary urgency and frequency for 2 years, as well as severe bone pain for 1 year. He was diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 5 + 5. Three gene fusions, ERG_VEGFA, TMPRSS2_ERG, and VEGFA_TMPRSS2, were identified in the patient's prostate cancer tissue. Notably, administration of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, anlotinib, in combination with a gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) and abiraterone, reduced the patient's bone pain and also stabilized his prostate cancer for more than 2 years. This is the first report of somatic fusions among the VEGFA, ERG, and TMPRSS2 genes in cancer tissues from a patient with prostate cancer who responded well to antiangiogenic treatment combined with a GnRHa and abiraterone.
Did court dismiss student's Title IX claim?
Authors: Lyerly Eric
Published: June 2022

A Purdue University student, Nancy Roe, attended a party where she drank alcohol. A few days later, she reported to a resident assistant that she had been sexually assaulted by a male student the night of the party. She also alleged the student made an audio recording of the encounter without her consent.
Biochemical recurrence related metabolic novel signature associates with immunity and ADT treatment responses in prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Xuan , Lv Zhengtong , Xia Haoran , Guo Xiaoxiao , Wang Jianye , Wang Jianlong , Liu Ming
Published: June 2022

Background

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a unique cancer from a metabolic perspective. Androgen receptor assumes a vital part in normal and malignant prostate cells regarding almost all aspects of cell metabolism, such as glucose, fat, amino acids, nucleotides, and so on.

Methods

We used The Cancer Genome Atlas database as training set, Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center cohort as validation set, and Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE70769) as test set to identify the optimal prognostic signature. We evaluated the signature in terms of biochemical progression‐free survival (bPFS), ROC curve, clinicopathological features, independent prognostic indicators, tumor microenvironment, and infiltrating immune cells. Nomogram was built dependent on the results of cox regression analyses. GSEA algorithm was used to evaluate differences in metabolism. The signature's prediction of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) response was validated based on two groups of basic cytological experiments treat with ADT (GSE143408 and GSE120343) and the transcriptional information of pre‐ADT/post‐ADT of six local PCa patients.

Results

We finally input four screened genes into the stepwise regression model to construct metabolism‐related signature. The signature shows good prediction performance in training set, verification set, and test set. A nomogram based on the PSA, Gleason score, T staging, and the signature risk score could predict 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year bPFS with the high area under curve values. Based on gene‐set enrichment analysis, the characteristics of four genes signature could influence some important metabolic biological processes of PCa and were serendipitously found to be significantly related to androgen response. Subsequently, two cytological experimental data sets and our local patient sequencing data set verified that the signature may be helpful to evaluate the therapeutic response of PCa to ADT.

Conclusions

Our systematic study definite a metabolism‐related gene signature to foresee prognosis of PCa patients which might add to individual prevention and treatment.
Landscape Rippling: Context‐based water‐mediated interaction design
Authors: Lin Weiyue , Hong Haoran , She Yingying , Yang Baorong
Published: June 2022

With a core purpose of helping users to understand the context, a water interface provides possibility for enhancing user experience in interaction process. Starting from analyzing existing water‐mediated interaction approaches, we proposed a water‐mediated interaction design model and a corresponding user experience model, aiming to eliminate the boundary between users and the context with water as the medium. According to the proposed model, we implemented a water‐mediated interaction system Landscape Rippling, with the painting “A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains” as its context. Ultimately, user experience tests of the interaction system demonstrate the effectiveness of this water‐mediated interaction design model.
Four New Sesquiterpenoids from Zanthoxylum nitidum
Authors: Qin Feng , Li Mei‐Shan , Li Jin‐Jun , Wang Yue , Wang Ke , Zhou Jian‐Yu , Liang Dong , Wang Heng‐Shan
Published: June 2022

Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC., is one of Guangxi's characteristic national medicines, and is the classic Laoban medicine of Yao people “Ru Shan Hu” and Zhuang medicine “Liang Bei Zhen”. It has been used as an anti‐inflammatory, analgesic and haemostatic medicine for thousands of years. In this study, four new sesquiterpenoids (1–4), along with six previously described coumarins (5–10), were isolated from 95 % EtOH extract of Zanthoxylum nitidum. Comprehensive spectroscopic analyses (NMR and HR‐ESI‐MS) were used to elucidate the structures of these isolates. The absolute configurations of nitidumine A–D (1–4) were established by electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Their cytotoxicity of all the isolates against five cancer cell lines (T24, HeLa, MGC‐803, A549, and HepG2) was evaluated by MTT experiment and found not to be cytotoxicity.
Tyramine Derivatives Catalyze the Aldol Dimerization of Butyraldehyde in the Presence of Escherichia coli
Authors: Dennis Jonathan A. , Sadler Joanna C. , Wallace Stephen
Published: June 2022

Biogenic amine organocatalysts have transformed the field of synthetic organic chemistry. Yet despite their use in synthesis and to label biomolecules in vitro, amine organocatalysis in vivo has received comparatively little attention – despite the potential of such reactions to be interfaced with living cells and to modify cellular metabolites. Herein we report that biogenic amines derived from L‐tyrosine catalyze the self‐aldol condensation of butanal to 2‐ethylhexenal – a key intermediate in the production of the bulk chemical 2‐ethylhexanol – in the presence of living Escherichia coli and outperform many amine organocatalysts currently used in synthetic organic chemistry. Furthermore, we demonstrate that cell lysate from E. coli and the prolific amine overproducer Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 catalyze this reaction in vitro, demonstrating the potential for microbial metabolism to be used as a source of organocatalysts for biocompatible reactions in cells.
Water‐in‐Water Droplets Selectively Uptake Self‐Assembled DNA Nano/Microstructures: a Versatile Method for Purification in DNA Nanotechnology
Authors: Masukawa Marcos K. , Sato Yusuke , Yu Fujio , Tsumoto Kanta , Yoshikawa Kenichi , Takinoue Masahiro
Published: June 2022

DNA is an excellent material for constructing self‐assembled nano/microstructures. Owing to the widespread use of DNA as a building block in laboratories and industry, it is desirable to increase the efficiency of all steps involved in producing self‐assembled DNA structures. One of the bottlenecks is the purification required to separate the excess components from the target structures. This paper describes a purification method based on the fractionation by water‐in‐water (W/W) droplets composed of phase‐separated dextran‐rich droplets in a polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐rich continuous phase. The dextran‐rich droplets facilitate the selective uptake of self‐assembled DNA nano/microstructures and allow the separation of the target structure. This study investigates the ability to purify DNA origami, DNA hydrogels, and DNA microtubes. The W/W‐droplet fractionation allows the purification of structures of a broad size spectrum without changes to the protocol. By quantifying the activity of deoxyribozyme‐modified DNA origami after W/W‐droplet purification, this study demonstrates that this method sufficiently preserves the accessibility to the surface of a functional DNA nanostructure. It is considered that the W/W‐droplet fractionation could become one of the standard methods for the purification of self‐assembled DNA nano/microstructures for biomedical and nanotechnology applications owing to its low cost and simplicity.
Grade 3 coronary artery perforations in chronic total occlusion‐percutaneous coronary intervention: Mechanisms, locations, and outcomes from the G3CAP Registry
Authors: Pavani Marco , Cerrato Enrico , Franzè Alfonso , Colombo Francesco , Ryan Nicola , Durante Alessandro , Bellini Barbara , Calcagno Simone , Montorfano Matteo , Gonzalo Nieves , Azzalini Lorenzo , Escaned Javier , Varbella Ferdinando ,   the Grade 3 Coronary Perforation (G3‐CAP) Registry Investigators (Cardiogroup VI Registry)
Published: June 2022

Aim

The impact of Grade III coronary perforations (G3‐CP) in the setting of CTO‐PCI is not well assessed.

Methods and Results

We reviewed 7773 CTO‐PCI and 98,819 non CTO‐PCI performed in 10 European centers: G3 perforation occurred in 87 patients (1.1%) during CTO PCI and 224 patients (0.22%) during non CTO‐PCI (p < 0.001). G3‐CP involved the CTO segment in 68% of patients and the retrograde channels in 14% of cases. In the CTO PCI group, wire induced G3‐CP (50.5% vs. 32.5%, p = 0.02) occurred predominantly when dedicated CTO tapered and highly penetrative wires were used. Intra‐procedural and in‐hospital death rates were 4.6% vs. 5.8% and 3.6% vs. 7.5% respectively for CTO PCI and non‐CTO PCI groups (p = NS). At a median follow up of 24 months, the overall mortality and MAE were respectively 7.8% and MAE 19% without difference among groups.

Conclusions

We showed similar in‐hospital and long‐term outcomes when G3 perforations occurred during CTO PCI and non CTO‐PCI.
Photothermal Oxidation of Cinnamyl Alcohol with Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Gold Nanoparticle/Antimony‐Doped Tin Oxide Nanocrystals
Authors: Inoue Haruki , Naya Shin‐ichi , Akita Atsunobu , Sugime Hisashi , Tada Hiroaki
Published: June 2022

Gold nanoparticles with different mean sizes were formed on antimony‐doped tin oxide nanocrystals by the temperature‐varied deposition‐precipitation method (Au/ATO NCs). Au/ATO NCs possess strong absorption in the near‐infrared region due to Drude excitation in addition to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of AuNPs around 530 nm. Au/ATO NCs show thermally activated catalytic activity for the oxidation of cinnamyl alcohol to cinnamaldehyde by hydrogen peroxide. The catalytic activity increases with a decrease in the mean Au particle size (dAu) at 5.3 nm≤dAu≤8.2 nm. Light irradiation (λex >660 nm, ∼0.5 sun) of Au/ATO NCs increases the rate of reaction by more than twice with ∼95 % selectivity. Kinetic analyses indicated that the striking enhancement of the reaction stems from the rise in the temperature near the catalyst surface of ∼30 K due to the photothermal effect of the ATO NCs.
Ultrafast Time‐resolved Polarization‐dependent Investigations on the Dynamics in the 2B2 State of NO2 Molecules
Authors: Liu Yang , Sun Tian , Zhou Longxing , Zhao Yiwen , Chen Qi , Shen Xingchen , Lv Hang , Xu Haifeng
Published: June 2022

We perform time‐resolved polarization‐dependent study on ultrafast dynamics in the
2B2 state of NO2. A linearly‐polarized 400 nm femtosecond laser is used to resonantly pump NO2 to its first excited state
2B2, and the time‐dependent ionic yields produced via strong field ionization at 800 nm are measured under different laser polarizations. The yield ratios measured with the lasers perpendicular and parallel to each other first decrease and then increases as the wave packet evolves on the excited state, with a minimum ratio at 180 fs delay time, which can be attributed to the evolution time in the
2B2 state. The behavior of the time‐resolved ionization in elliptically polarized laser field is also investigated and discussed.
Theoretical Study on the Selective 1,2‐Reduction of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones by Hydrogen Transfer Reaction on MgO(100)
Authors: Belelli Patricia G. , Fuente Silvia A. , Ferullo Ricardo M.
Published: June 2022

Catalytic reduction of α,β‐unsaturated ketones with MgO has been found to improve selectivity to the desired unsaturated alcohol product. Using density functional calculations, we have studied the competitive hydrogenation of C=O and C=C bonds on Mg(100) employing two α,β‐unsaturated ketones: mesityl oxide (MO) and 2‐cyclohexenone (CH), with isopropanol (IPA) as hydrogen source. For both ketones, MgO promotes the formation of a six‐membered cyclic transition state for selective C=O reductions via a Meerwein‐Ponndorf‐Verley mechanism. Similar concerted mechanism is also possible for the C=C hydrogenation following an Eley‐Rideal mechanism, in which the IPA interacts directly with the adsorbed ketone. The activation barriers are smaller for C=O reduction because this bond is activated on MgO(100). The selective C=O reduction is more favorable for CH than for MO due to the tendency of CH to be perpendicularly oriented. The desorption energies of the unsaturated alcohol are lower than the subsequent C=C reductions.
Photoluminescent Silica Nanostructures and Nanohybrids
Authors: Gogoi Hemen , Banerjee Subhasree , Datta Anindya
Published: June 2022

The complicated photophysics of wide variety of defects existing in silica (SiO2) layer of nanometer thickness determines widespread photoluminescence bands of Si/SiO2 based system as well as SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) for their applications in photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. This review attempts to summarize different photophysical processes in pure SiO2 NPs. Moreover, these NPs also act as scaffolds for various guest molecules to perform their specific functions. Guest fluorophore molecules when trapped inside pores of SiO2 NPs exhibit a different photodynamics than free state, which opens up several important applications of hybrid SiO2 NPs in artificial photosynthesis, sensing, biology and optical fiber.
Synergistic Effects in the Activity of Nano‐Transition‐Metal Clusters Pt12M (M=Ir, Ru or Rh) for NO Dissociation
Authors: Vekeman Jelle , Wang Qing , Deraet Xavier , Bazin Dominique , De Proft Frank , Guesmi Hazar , Tielens Frederik
Published: June 2022

The dissociation of environmentally hazardous NO through dissociative adsorption on metallic clusters supported by oxides, is receiving growing attention. Building on previous research on monometallic M13 clusters [The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2019, 123 (33), 20314–20318], this work considers bimetallic Pt12M (M=Rh, Ru or Ir) clusters. The adsorption energy and activation energy of NO dissociation on the clusters have been calculated in vacuum using Kohn‐Sham DFT, while their trends were rationalized using reactivity indices such as molecular electrostatic potential and global Fermi softness. The results show that doping of the Pt clusters lowered the adsorption energy as well as the activation energy for NO dissociation. Furthermore, reactivity indices were calculated as a first estimate of the performance of the clusters in realistic amorphous silica pores (MCM‐41) through ab initio molecular dynamics simulations.
Growing Quinoa in Washington State
Authors: Murphy Kevin
Published: June 2022

Washington State University researchers have been exploring the feasibility of growing quinoa in the Pacific Northwest. In their effort to develop new varieties adapted to Washington State, they focused on key traits for improvement and are close to releasing their first varieties that address and improve upon one or more of these characteristics. A new crop to most farmers in Washington, quinoa presents significant production challenges, particularly with susceptibility to heat in the central and eastern parts of the state, susceptibility to pre‐harvest sprouting due to early rains in western Washington, and susceptibility to weed pressure almost everywhere. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Crop Management by taking the quiz for the article at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Engineering Amorphous/Crystalline Structure of Manganese Oxide for Superior Oxygen Catalytic Performance in Rechargeable Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Zhou Zihao , Zheng Xiaoying , Liu Manna , Liu Peng , Han Shengbo , Chen Yingru , Lan Bang , Sun Ming , Yu Lin
Published: June 2022

Although amorphous materials are popular in oxygen electrocatalysis, their performance requires further improvement to meet the need for rechargeable zinc–air batteries. In this work, an amorphous/crystalline layered manganese oxide (ACMO) was designed, and its unique amorphous/crystalline homogeneous structure activated its oxygen reduction activity with a positive half‐wave potential of 0.81 V and oxygen evolution activity with a moderate overpotential of 407 mV at 10 mA cm−2. Moreover, the amorphous/crystalline structure endowed ACMO with excellent stability. While employed as the air‐electrode material for rechargeable zinc–air batteries, ACMO overcame the poor cycling stability of manganese oxide and cycled stably for 1000 cycles (≈17 days) at 10 mA cm−2. Besides, it delivered a high power density of 159.7 mW cm−2 and a narrow voltage gap of 0.66 V. This work gives an insight into designing oxide materials with amorphous/crystalline structure and feasible guidance for harmonizing electrochemical activity and stability.
Cognitive perspective of osteoporosis among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Malaysian case
Authors: Abdulameer Shaymaa Abdalwahed , Sahib Mohanad Naji , Sulaiman Syed Azhar Syed
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Osteoporosis and diabetes are highly prevalent diseases. In addition, there is increasing evidence that diabetes is a common risk factor for decreasing bone mineral density and developing osteoporosis and fractures. Data on bone abnormalities in T2DM patients appear to be contradictory and complex, and the exact underlying mechanism is still unclear. Hence, the aims of this study were to assess cognitive perspective of osteoporosis among type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

An observational, cross‐sectional study design was chosen, where data were collected using a self‐report structured questionnaire including osteoporosis self‐efficacy (OSES‐M), knowledge Malay version. Quantitative ultrasound was used as prescreening tool for measuring bone health by applying T‐score.

Results

The results showed that about 231 (51.30%) were males. The average age of the DM patients was 62.67 ± 9.24 years. Moreover, the majority of T2DM patient (343, 76.20%) had poor glycaemic control. The mean ± SD OSES‐M total score, OSES‐M Exercise subscale and OSES‐M Calcium subscale were 731.26 ± 209.83, 357.55 ± 121.23 and 373.71 ± 118.91, respectively. Overall, participants expressed a low self‐efficacy for both exercise and calcium intake experiences. In addition, a significant and positive correlation was found between OSES‐M and OKT‐M total scores (n = 450, rs = 0.471, p < .05). Also, there were significant correlations between OKT‐M subscales and OSES‐M subscales. Furthermore, significant and positive correlations were found between T‐scores and OSES‐M total score (r = .191), OSES‐M Exercise subscale (r = .209) and OSES‐M Calcium subscale (r = .124). Moreover, significant associations, differences and correlations were found out between OSES‐M with many demographic and clinical data.

Conclusion

Overall, participants expressed a low self‐efficacy for both exercise and calcium intake experiences. In addition, only 28.70% of the study population was found to have high OSES‐M level. Thus, self‐efficacy is important and effective determinants for gaining positive health behaviours towards osteoporosis.
Safety and efficacy of a wireless pulmonary artery pressure sensor: primary endpoint results of the SIRONA 2 clinical trial
Authors: Sharif Faisal , Rosenkranz Stephen , Bartunek Jozef , Kempf Tibor , Assmus Birgit , Mahon Niall G. , Mullens Wilfried
Published: June 2022

Aims

Implantable pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) sensors have been shown to reduce heart failure hospitalizations (HFH) in selected patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel wireless PAP monitoring system in patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods and results

This is a prospective, multi‐centre, open‐label, single‐arm trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of the Cordella™ PA Sensor System including the comprehensive Cordella™ Heart Failure System (CHFS) in patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III heart failure with a heart failure hospitalization and/or increase of N‐terminal pro‐Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT‐proBNP) within 12 months of enrolment. The primary efficacy endpoint was the accuracy of PA sensor mean PAP measurements, compared with fluid‐filled catheter mean PAP measurements obtained by standard right heart catheterization (RHC) at 90 days post‐implant, assessed in all patients with a successful implant. The primary safety endpoint was freedom from adverse events associated with use of the Cordella PA Sensor System through 30 days post‐implant, assessed in all patients who entered the cath lab for PA sensor implant. The PA sensor was successfully implanted in 70 patients. Equivalence between the PA sensor and RHC for mean pulmonary artery pressures was excellent with measurements confined within the equivalence bounds of −4.0 to 4.0 mmHg (mean PAP: 0.0 to 2.9 mmHg, P = 0.003). The device safety profile was excellent with 98.6% freedom from Device System Related Complications, defined as invasive treatment, device explant or death. There were no pressure sensor failures. Patients' adherence to daily measurement transmissions of PAP and vital signs was 94%.

Conclusions

This trial supports the safety and efficacy of the Cordella PA Sensor System and in conjunction with the CHFS enables comprehensive HF management in NYHA class III heart failure patients.
Association between trimethylamine N‐oxide and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction and heart failure
Authors: Li Nan , Zhou Jinying , Wang Ying , Chen Runzhen , Li Jiannan , Zhao Xiaoxiao , Zhou Peng , Liu Chen , Song Li , Liao Zhiyong , Wang Xiaoqing , Yan Shaodi , Zhao Hanjun , Yan Hongbing
Published: June 2022

Aims

This study aimed to investigate the association between trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO) and the prognosis and association between high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) and TMAO‐associated cardiovascular risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by heart failure (HF).

Methods and results

A total of 985 patients presenting with AMI and HF were consecutively enrolled at the Fuwai Hospital between March 2017 and January 2020. Patients were stratified into groups according to tertiles of TMAO levels and the median hsCRP levels. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including all‐cause death, recurrence of myocardial infarction, and rehospitalization due to HF. During a median follow‐up of 716 days, 138 (14.0%) patients experienced MACE. Cox regression analyses showed that the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for MACE was higher in patients in tertile 3 [TMAO > 9.52 μmol/L, HR: 1.85, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18–2.89; P = 0.007] than in tertile 1 (TMAO < 4.74 μmol/L), whereas no significant differences were detected between the patients in tertiles 1 and 2 (TMAO = 4.74–9.52 μmol/L, HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.59–1.58; P = 0.874). Restricted cubic spline regression depicted an S‐shaped association between TMAO and MACE (P for nonlinearity = 0.012). In the setting of hsCRP above the median level (6.68 mg/L), per unit increase of TMAO was associated with a 20% increase of MACE risk (HR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05–1.37, P = 0.009); increasing tertiles of TMAO were significantly associated with a higher risk of MACE (adjusted P = 0.007 for interaction; P < 0.001 for trend across tertiles). The Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated that patients in tertile 3 had a significantly lower event‐free survival (P = 0.001) when the hsCRP level was above the median level. No similar association between TMAO and MACE was observed when the hsCRP level was below the median level.

Conclusions

High plasma TMAO levels were independently correlated with poor prognosis in patients with AMI complicated by HF, especially in those with higher hsCRP levels. There was an S‐shaped relationship between TMAO and HR for MACE.
Design a graduation application process that promotes completion
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: June 2022

When Margo Landy, Ph.D., became University Registrar at San Francisco State University in fall 2019, the graduation evaluation process was paper based, and it took at least two to three months to award degrees after end of term processing. The university had a degree audit system, but it wasn't being used to review student completion. Also, the deadline for students to apply to graduate was in the middle of the term the student intended to graduate, so if a student hadn't completed all the requirements, it was too late to do anything about it. That made for difficult conversations when students learned in March that they weren't going to graduate, Landy said.
Use financial aid strategically, communicate effectively for enrollment success
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: June 2022

The University of South Florida welcomed its largest freshman class ever in fall 2021, and the institution has seen increases in net tuition revenue since 2013. Those are among the successes Billie Jo Hamilton, M.B.A., has overseen as Associate Vice President for Enrollment Planning and Management.
Non‐linear dynamic model of a two‐bodies vertical spanning wall elastically restrained at the top
Authors: Prajapati Sanjeev , Destro Bisol Giacomo , AlShawa Omar , Sorrentino Luigi
Published: June 2022

Understanding the out‐of‐plane behavior of unreinforced masonry walls is crucial in seismic assessment of existing buildings. Here, the dynamic response of a vertical spanning strip wall, connected to a flexible diaphragm at the top, is investigated. Despite the simplicity of the model, two rocking rigid bodies elastically restrained at the top, the dynamic response is highly nonlinear. This behavior is due to different phenomena: when in motion the system may assume different configurations, with the transition between them due either to impacts or crack opening caused by ground acceleration. An analytical model capable to capture the complex dynamic response of the system is implemented. The equations of motion are first derived, using variational methods, then the events that the system can undergo during motion are studied. Finally, in order to show the potential of the model, some numerical exemplifications are presented applying an earthquake record and a sine pulse to the system.
Sparking creativity using extrinsic rewards: A self‐determination theory perspective
Authors: Lin Caihui (Veronica) , Shipton Helen , Teng Weili , Kitt Adam , Do Hoa , Chadwick Clint
Published: June 2022

The relationship between extrinsic rewards and creativity has been subject to ongoing debate within the human resource management and creativity literatures. More research on the mechanisms and boundary conditions has been called for. In this study, using 187 employee‐supervisor dyads in an electronics manufacturing company, we investigated how and when creativity‐contingent extrinsic rewards (CER) may foster creativity among manufacturing employees. Drawing on self‐determination theory, we hypothesized, and found that employee intrinsic motivation mediated the relationship between CER and employee creativity. This relationship was the strongest when employees rated their leader‐member exchange (LMX) as high. The findings reveal the important role of CER in guiding manufacturing employees' intrinsic motivation and stimulating creativity. The identification of LMX as a moderator uncovers crucial boundary conditions of this relationship. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
A fit-for-purpose categorization scheme for microplastic morphologies
Authors: Yu Jasmine T. , Diamond Miriam L. , Helm Paul A.
Published: June 2022

Microplastic categorization schemes are diverse, thereby posing challenges for cross-study comparisons. Further, categorization schemes are not necessarily aligned with and, thus, useful for applications such as source reduction initiatives. To address these challenges, we propose a hierarchical categorization approach that is “fit for purpose” to enable the use of a scheme that is tailored to the study's purpose and contains categories, which, if adopted, would facilitate interstudy comparison. The hierarchical categorization scheme is flexible to support various study purposes (e.g., to support regulation and toxicity assessment) and it aims to improve the consistency and comparability of microplastics categorization. Categorization is primarily based on morphology, supplemented by other identification methods as needed (e.g., spectroscopy). The use of the scheme was illustrated through a literature review aimed at critically evaluating the categories used for reporting microplastic morphologies in North American freshwater environments. Categorization and grouping schemes for microplastic particles were highly variable, with up to 19 different categories used across 68 studies, and nomenclature was inconsistent across particle morphologies. Our review demonstrates the necessity for a “fit for purpose” categorization scheme to guide the information needs of scientists and decision-makers for various research and regulatory objectives across global, regional, and local scales. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:422–435. © 2022 SETAC
PGE2 inhibits neutrophil phagocytosis through the EP2R–cAMP–PTEN pathway
Authors: Wang Zixuan , Wei Xinyuan , Ji Caili , Yu Wenhua , Song Chuanwang , Wang Caizhi
Published: June 2022

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a potent lipid mediator of inflammation that modulates immune cell function by binding to unique G protein‐coupled receptors (EP receptors). PGE2 production increases during microbial infection and inflammation. In this study, we assessed the effect of PGE2 on the phagocytosis of bacteria by neutrophils, which are key players during infection and inflammation. We also looked for specific EP receptor signaling pathways that contributed to the neutrophil phagocytic activity. PGE2 (50–1000 ng/ml) inhibited the phagocytosis of Escherichia coli by HL‐60 human neutrophils in a concentration‐dependent manner. Inhibition of neutrophil phagocytosis by PGE2 correlated with increased intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production, and forskolin, an adenosyl cyclase agonist, confirmed the inhibitory effect of cAMP stimulation on neutrophil phagocytosis. The expression of EP2 receptors by HL‐60 cells was confirmed by western blot analysis, and selective agonism of EP2 receptors mimicked the inhibition of phagocytosis by PGE2. The EP2 receptor antagonist AH‐6089 partially blocked the inhibition of neutrophil phagocytosis PGE2. Specific inhibition of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) enzyme attenuated the inhibition of neutrophil phagocytosis by PGE2, and both PGE2 and increased intracellular cAMP increased neutrophil PTEN activity, which was associated with decreased PTEN phosphorylation. The results support negative regulation of the antimicrobial activity of neutrophils (i.e., phagocytosis), which has important implications for the future management of bacterial infections.