bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microstructure, wear, and corrosion properties of PEEK-based composite coating incorporating titania- and copper-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles
Authors: Ahmad Khalil , Imran Ayman , Minhas Badar , Aizaz Aqsa , Khaliq Abdul , Wadood Abdul , Haseeb Nawaz Muhammad , Chughtai Muhammad Tajammal , Batul Rahila , Ur Rehman Muhammad Atiq
Published: January 2025

Poor wear and corrosion-resistance of 316L SS implants are critical problems in orthopedic implants.
Fiber ring laser biosensor based on no-core fibers for label-free DNA biomolecule measurements
Authors: Wang Lina , Li Chong
Published: January 2025

The proposed biosensor can monitor the process of fiber surface functionalization and biological bonding. This layer-by-layer self-assembly method enables label-free measurement of cDNA at concentrations as low as 1 μM.
Rapid access to functionalized nanographenes through a palladium-catalyzed multi-annulation sequence
Authors: Maekawa Takehisa , Itami Kenichiro
Published: January 2025

A multi-annulation sequence for functionalized nanographenes was established. Further derivatization enables facile access to novel functionalized nanographenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Surface engineering to mitigate compressive stress and detrimental reactions in NiOx-based inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Qiao Zijin , Dong Hongye , Shen Guibin , Xu Xiangning , Yao Wang , Mu Cheng
Published: January 2025

A surface engineering strategy was proposed based on a surfactant SB12-3 between the NiOx/perovskite interface. It suppresses the detrimental reaction and alleviates the tensile stress, leading a significant upswing PCE as well as stability.
Dual-driven biodegradable nanomotors for enhanced cellular uptake
Authors: Wang Jianhong , Polyviou Andreas , Scheerstra Jari F. , Cao Shoupeng , Fusi Alexander D. , Shao Jingxin , van Hest Jan C. M.
Published: January 2025

We created a biodegradable stomatocyte nanomotor by enclosing GOx inside and attaching Pt NPs on the outside. This design harnesses the plasmonic heating sensitivity and catalytic properties of Pt NPs to improve the delivery of cargos into cells.
Revisiting the SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Nd3+ persistent phosphor
Authors: Kuban Rola , Chen Yafei , Pan Zhengwei
Published: January 2025

The SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Nd3+ persistent phosphor emits green (Eu2+) and infrared (Nd3+) persistent luminescence (PersL) and the PersL excitation (Ex.) spectra of Eu2+ and Nd3+ are different from their respective photoluminescence (PL) excitation spectra.
Enhanced thermoelectric performance and reversed anisotropy in the Janus penta-PdSeTe monolayer via biaxial strain
Authors: Xia Qiong , Liu Yushen , Gao Guoying
Published: January 2025

Structure and compressive strain enhanced thermoelectric performance and reversed anisotropy of the Janus penta-PdSeTe monolayer.
Digital marketing in mountain tourism: Challenges of the new time and development priorities
Authors: Purhani Safar Hasan , Mamedova Sevda Binyat , Mamatkulova Shoira , Shodieva Gulnoza
Published: January 2025

The tourism industry is increasingly playing a special role in the economy of countries, regions, cities and individual locations. It not only becomes a source of replenishment of territorial budgets directly, but also contributes to the development of small and medium-sized businesses, contributes to the creation of new jobs, influences the technological and digital transformation of territories. Modern conditions impose their own restrictions on the development of the industry and, at the same time, open up new opportunities for domestic tourism in Russia. The purpose of the study was to identify structural changes and trends in the development of the tourism industry in connection with demographic, socio-economic, epidemiological and foreign policy transformations. The author of the article updated the role of territorial marketing and presented proposals for its transformation taking into account the challenges of the new time. The main research methods are content analysis, evaluation of statistical information, spatio-temporal analysis. Based on an in-depth study of trends, new marketing tasks for territorial authorities and tourism market participants in the creation and promotion of destinations are substantiated. The territorial marketing tools proposed by the author, aimed at attracting tourists and developing the tourism industry as part of territorial economies as a whole, take into account modern trends in the development of commercial marketing and are adapted to the conditions and capabilities of individual destinations. The issues of transformation of territorial labor and service markets in the context of the development of the tourism industry are covered. The key conclusion is the need to revise the conceptual approaches of locations to the issues of building territorial marketing and implementing marketing strategies. The author proposes measures, the implementation of which will make the socio-economic development of territories more sustainable and effective in a rapidly changing world.
Prospects for the Development of Mountain Tourism in Azerbaijan
Authors: Almasov Nahid , Orujov Elshan
Published: January 2025

Mountain tourism in Azerbaijan has significant potential for development, given the country’s diverse landscapes, rich cultural heritage and emerging tourism infrastructure. The Greater and Lesser Caucasus Mountains offer unique opportunities for ecotourism, adventure tourism and winter sports, making Azerbaijan a promising destination for mountain lovers. This article examines the future prospects for mountain tourism in Azerbaijan, focusing on key factors such as infrastructure development, environmental sustainability and the promotion of local culture. Key initiatives include expanding facilities in popular destinations such as Shahdag and Tufandag resorts, improving road and transport networks and enhancing the quality of accommodation and services. In addition, promoting sustainable tourism practices to preserve the natural environment and engage local communities is crucial. Azerbaijan’s strategic location between Europe and Asia and its visa facilitation programmes offer great potential for attracting foreign tourists. The article also examines challenges such as the need for trained specialists, seasonal restrictions and competition with neighbouring countries. By investing in infrastructure, promoting responsible tourism and utilizing its unique natural resources, Azerbaijan can establish itself as a top mountain tourism destination, contributing to regional development and economic diversification.
Directions for Reducing Pesticide Pressure on Agro-Landscapes
Authors: Hadzalo Yaroslav , Likar Yaroslav , Beknozarova Zamira
Published: January 2025

Measures have been developed to reduce chemical pesticide pressure on the environment. The impact of biopreparations on the productivity elements and seed quality of sunflower hybrids was determined. The application of the biopreparation Agat-25K was characterized by a direct positive influence on the increase in sunflower head diameter. For example, the hybrid Yason demonstrated an increase in this indicator by 15.2% due to the use of the Agat-25K biological protection method. Furthermore, Agat-25K contributed to a 4.6% increase in the weight of 1,000 seeds, with the hybrid Yason showing an average weight of 63.5 g, compared to the control (60.7 g). However, a decreasing trend in husk content was observed across all hybrids, averaging from 5.3% to 6.8%. The maximum average seed yield of 3.17 t/ha was produced by the hybrid Rimi, while yields decreased by 8.7% and 34.5% for the PR64E71 and Yason hybrids, respectively. Among the biopreparations, Agat-25K had an undeniable advantage, enhancing seed productivity by 16.4%–33.4%. In terms of oil yield per unit area, Rimi led with 1.66 t/ha, while PR64E71 and Yason recorded decreases of 10.9%–26.6%. Agat-25K also exhibited superiority in oil productivity.
Estimating the Amount of Water Required for Crop Irrigation Based on the Application of FAO's CROPWAT Program in the Case of Kashkadarya Region
Authors: Abdullaev Botirjon , Razzakov Ruslan , Nasibov Boburbek , Mukhamedov Gayrat , Aytmuratov Timurlan , Dadajonov Boburjon
Published: January 2025

The article calculates the amount of water required for irrigation in the irrigated areas of Kashkadarya region based on the climate change conditions using the cropwat program of FAO. The standard evapotranspiration was calculated taking into account the climate data and the stable factors of the plant and weather conditions. In CLIMWAT 2.0, the climate indicators are monthly averages of effective precipitation based on multiyear data from the USDA Soil Conservation Service of the United States Department of Agriculture. Service) calculated as follows using the formula. The water demand of the agricultural crops grown in the experimental plots was calculated. The granulometric composition of soil samples was determined using the soil structure triangle (also known as the Ferret triangle) developed by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). Using the CROPWAT program, irrigation rates, number of irrigations and total irrigation rates were calculated for the cotton crop placed in the research facility. Based on the application of the FAO UN CROPWAT program, the one-time irrigation standards for the cotton crop are 700-930 m3/ha, the number of irrigations is 7 times and the seasonal irrigation standard is 6400 m3/ha, in the usual way, that is, when calculated on the basis of II- hydromodule regional indicators, the one-time irrigation standards are 700- 930 m3/ha, the number of irrigations is 9 times, and the seasonal irrigation standard is 7100 m3/ha and the indicators were close to each other. This indicates that the calculations are done correctly.
Main Development Directions of Agricultural Areas in the Eastern Zangezur Region
Authors: Mammadova Sheker , Abdurahmanov Faig , Humbatov Mahmud
Published: January 2025

The territories of the East Zangezur region, including the Kalbajar, Lachin, Gubadli, Zangilan and Jebrail districts, with their rich natural resources, biodiversity, breathtaking nature, favorable climate and agro-climatic conditions, complex geological structure and diverse landforms have attracted the attention of travelers and researchers since ancient times, which led to the study of this area. The region, predominantly mountainous, is of great importance for the development of agricultural industries and achieving high productivity. Favorable climatic and relief conditions, along with fertile soils, play an invaluable role in the development of both crop production and livestock farming. Since Soviet times, the territory has been used for agricultural purposes, fully meeting the country's needs for milk, meat and grain products. This article highlights the main factors in the development of agricultural industries within the region and examines their spatial distribution, zoning and a map-scheme.
Efficiency of Silicon-Containing Fertilizers in the Adaptive Technology of Muscat Pumpkin Cultivation in the South of Ukraine
Authors: Knysh Volodymyr , Kosenko Nadiia , Suvonova Lola
Published: January 2025

The study investigates the effectiveness of silicon-containing fertilizers in adaptive muscat pumpkin cultivation in southern Ukraine. Field, laboratory, and statistical methods were used. Results show that silicon fertilizers enhance nutrient availability in the soil, increase leaf surface area, and improve pumpkin yield and quality. Specifically, applying silicon fertilizers at sowing and in the 4-5 leaf phase raised mobile phosphorus content in the topsoil to 46.2 mg/kg. The largest leaf surface area (20,123 m2/ha) was observed with a recommended feeding system plus silicon fertilizers. The highest yield (22.9 t/ha) and best fruit quality were obtained with a combination of seed priming, post-sowing application, and foliar fertilization. In this variant, dry matter was 8.3%, total sugars 6.3%, carotene 15.0 mg/100 g, and vitamin C 4.7 mg/100 g. Economically, this approach proved profitable, with a net income of USD 1180/ha and a 119% profitability rate, at a cost of USD 43/t.
Analysis of Industrial Enterprises' Impact on Atmospheric Emissions
Authors: Mammadova Gulnara , Nuraliyeva Rahima , Dunyamalıyeva Hokume , Musayeva Sevil , Kholmurodova Dilafruz , Jumanov Alisher
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the scientific basis and chemical properties of the environmental problem arising during production at industrial enterprises of the country, sources of its occurrence and damage to the environment. At Eini time, the minimization of emissions into the atmosphere by industrial enterprises, the econometric assessment of the impact of CO2 emissions per capita on CO2 emissions in the country, the development of environmental processes resulting from the development of the industry, ways to improve the protection of the environment and ways to eliminate the damage were analyzed.
The importance of field research in efficient water use in Kashkadarya region
Authors: Matyakubov B. , Yakhyoev O. , Karabayev A. , Altmishev A.
Published: January 2025

The article presents long-term data on the efficient use of water in the Kashkadarya region, as well as their analytical indicators. Agricultural crops, including cotton, require a certain level of moisture in the active layer during the development phases. Natural rainfall is insufficient for optimal soil moisture in cotton cultivation. Therefore, there is a need to artificially moisten the active layer of the soil. There are many forms and methods of artificial soil moistening. At a time when water resources are scarce, the application of new water-saving irrigation technologies is of great importance. At the same time, water-saving technologies have been introduced to 1.3 million (30%) of the 4.3 million irrigated areas in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Out of this, drip irrigation is used on 475 thousand hectares, sprinkler irrigation on 49 thousand hectares, discrete irrigation on 29 thousand hectares, flexible pipe on 45 thousand hectares, film on 27 thousand hectares, and laser leveling on 674 thousand hectares. Based on this, it is stated that 22% of the total area of Kashkadarya region is being used for research on the use of water-saving irrigation technology, and as a result, up to 40% of irrigation water has been saved. According to the results of the research, it is possible to obtain a large and high-quality cotton yield by maintaining the limit field moisture capacity (MFWC) of the soil at 70-75-60 percent before irrigation from under the soil of cotton. In the conditions of experimental field soils with medium mechanical composition, the length of the sprinkler (60-250 m.), the distance between the sprinklers (1.25-1.50 m.) was used. It has been proven that irrigation water planning should be managed based on water evaporation. The average monthly amount of evaporation in Kashkadarya region was 5.16 mm, and the highest evaporation was observed in June and July, and the average annual precipitation was 111.4 mm. It was mentioned that 80 percent of the time of the year falls on the autumn-winter seasons.
Long-Term Effects of “Yer Malhami” Fertilizer: A Study on its Impact and Effectiveness
Authors: Sherkuzieva Guzal , Salomova Feruza
Published: January 2025

This study evaluated the long-term toxicological and hygienic effects of the biological fertilizer “Yer Malhami” in white rats. The study used hygienic, toxicological, biochemical and statistical methods in accordance with the guidelines for environmental testing of bioinsecticides. A 12-month chronic experiment was conducted focusing on potential gonadotoxic, embryotropic and mutagenic effects. Rats were administered different doses of “Yer Malhami” and changes in body weight, reproductive cycles and cellular composition were observed. The results showed no significant disturbances in reproductive cycles or spermatogenesis, and chromosomal aberration tests showed no mutagenic effects. Although a slight decrease in fetal survival was observed at toxic doses, this was due to general toxicity rather than specific reproductive harm. The study concluded that Yer Malhami is safe for long-term use as a biofertilizer, with no adverse effects on reproductive or genetic health in the animals tested. Further studies are recommended to examine its safety in different species and environmental conditions.
Improvement of the Conductive Ability of Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Xu Hailiang
Published: January 2025

In current applied research, traditional electrolytes face significant challenges. The emergence and application of polymer electrolytes provide effective solutions to these problems. This paper will introduce the types and characteristics of polymer electrolytes based on three aspects. The star-shaped compound based on PEGMA, i.e., poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, can significantly enhance the mechanical and electrical properties of polymer electrolytes; the gel electrolyte prepared by compounding highly polar β-polyvinylidene fluoride (β-PVDF) with nylon 6 shows significant application potential in improving ion conduction efficiency and enhancing battery safety. Brush-shaped polymers have good performance in avoiding the crystallization of linear polymers and inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites and improving mechanical strength. These three types of polymer electrolytes each have their characteristics and good application prospects. Still, they all face problems such as high cost and difficulties in industrialization at the present stage and need further development to better benefit human society. This paper aims to provide those who want to explore and do some decent research on this topic with some basic information as well as fundamental advice.
A review of metal catalysts for lithium-sulfur battery applications
Authors: Shuai Li
Published: January 2025

When compared to ordinary lithium batteries now on the market, lithium-sulfur batteries stand out as the future research direction for energy storage systems owing to their higher volumetric energy density, theoretical specific energy, and gravimetric energy density. However, Li-S batteries’ drawbacks have significantly impeded their use and commercialization. A series of problems such as shuttle effects and volume expansion can remarkably reduce the service lifespan of Li-S batteries. By adding metal catalysts to the positive electrode of Li-S batteries, it is possible to improve the reaction kinetics of these batteries and efficiently address issues like the shuttle effect. During the paper, metal catalysts are separated into three groups based on the many ways they express themselves: metal single-atom catalysts, metal nanocatalysts, and metal compound catalysts. Metal single atom catalysts have catalytic active sites that are shaped like a single metal atom. Metal nanocatalysts are catalysts composed of metal particles with a size of 1-100 nm. Metal compound catalysts refer to catalysts composed of compounds formed by metals and other elements (such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, etc.), including metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal sulfides, etc. It also lists and summarises the research progress of previous generations for the reference of related personnel.
Research Progress on Oxygen Reduction Catalyst Materials for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Cao Beiheng
Published: January 2025

The sustainable development of society gives rise to the increasing energy demand, making environmental pollution a problem that cannot be ignored. Among them, fuel cells are attracting attention as efficient and environmentally friendly. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) represent an advanced and eco-friendly energy conversion technology with substantial potential in transportation, distributed power generation, and other applications, while their performance can be remarkably impeded by the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) which exhibits slow kinetics. Pt-based catalysts are the preferred materials for catalysis but are detrimental to the practical application of fuel cells due to their high cost and instability. Therefore, it is essential to develop stable and low-cost cathode catalysts. This paper reviews the advancements in cathode catalysts for PEMFCs, encompassing traditional platinum-based catalysts and their enhancement strategies, as well as the current status of emerging non-platinum-based catalysts. The paper also outlines future research directions for these cathode catalysts.
Study on the Water Ecology Protection and Water Environment Remediation Technology, focusing on the heavy metal removal
Authors: Zhao Zihan
Published: January 2025

Water environmental pollution has become a growing problem with the increase in pollutants released because of the expansion of human activities. Since water is peculiarly susceptible to pollution, water pollution control has garnered copious attention among the most crucial environmental conundrums. Therefore, water environment remediation is not only of great significance for river ecology, but also of theoretical and practical importance for sustainable human development. China’s central government passed the Yangtze River Protection Law in response to the need for changes in governance arrangements and cooperation. The purpose of this study is to explore the technology of heavy metal treatment in water environment remediation, to study and solve a series of problems such as water ecological maintenance methods, river desilting, and water body renewal. This paper will analyze the benefits of water environment remediation technologies and explore their potential for sustainable development, focusing on the removal of heavy metals from water body.
Comparative analysis of ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate
Authors: Liu Ruoxuan
Published: January 2025

Ternary lithium batteries (TLB) and lithium iron phosphate batteries (LIPB) are two popular battery types in the current battery market. They have their own advantages and disadvantages in performance and application areas. Through the analysis of the structure, performance and application of the two types of batteries, it can be seen that the anode of TLB is an octahedral structure with high energy density, strong fast charging ability and excellent low temperature discharge performance. The different ratios of nickel, cobalt and manganese in the anode material are suitable for a variety of unused occasions. However, the high-temperature stability of TLB is poor, and thermal runaway is easy to occur at high temperatures, and their cycle life is relatively short. LIPB are known for their high safety, long cycle life and relatively low cost. Its unique olivine crystal structure and stable P-O covalent bonds give it excellent thermal stability, even at high temperatures, the battery will not easily decompose. The disadvantages of LIPB are mainly reflected in their lower energy density and low-temperature discharge performance. Combining the advantages of the two materials to develop a new battery material with both high energy density and high safety will be an important research direction in the future.
From Coagulation to Disinfection: Key Steps and Challenges in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Wang Shengyuan
Published: January 2025

Wastewater treatment is a critical process to ensure the safe management of water for domestic, industrial and municipal use. The importance of wastewater treatment has become more pronounced as water consumption increases and environmental regulations become more stringent. Wastewater treatment plants remove harmful contaminants from wastewater and produce clean discharges that meet regulatory standards through a series of mechanical, biological, and chemical processes such as coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. This paper explores the advantages and disadvantages of each wastewater treatment stage and evaluates the wastewater treatment infrastructure in the United States and China. The U.S. has better wastewater treatment systems, while China still has inadequate wastewater treatment facilities in rural areas. Wastewater reuse is an important part of achieving a sustainable future, and further development and implementation of these systems can help improve global water management.
Zurück auf die Trails – Erfolgreiche Therapie bei Hallux valgus – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Eidel Jennifer
Published: January 2025

Laura liebt das Wandern – je weiter, desto besser. Weil zusehends beide Großzehen und Fußsohlen schmerzen, kann sie ihrer Leidenschaft nicht mehr nachgehen. Als konservative, traditionelle und passive Behandlungen erfolglos verlaufen, rücken ihre Ziele in weite Ferne. Jennifer Eidel gibt Einblicke in die Differenzialdiagnostik von Fußbeschwerden und zeigt, wie die funktionelle Fußtherapie Schritt für Schritt helfen kann.
Schmerzen auch im Alter ernst nehmen – Altersdiskriminierung in der Schmerztherapie
Authors: Laekeman Marjan
Published: January 2025

Viele Senior*innen, die Schmerzen erleben, schieben die Schuld auf das hohe Alter. Durch Aussagen wie „Schmerz ist normal im Alter“ suchen diese Menschen erst viel zu spät therapeutische Hilfe. Aber auch bei den Therapierenden zeigt sich mitunter ein altersdiskriminierendes Verhalten mit nur unzureichenden Schmerzmanagement- strategien. Gegen Altersstereotypen eignet sich eine spezielle Schmerzedukation.
Verbesserung der fachärztlichen Versorgung für Patienten in der außerklinischen Intensivpflege durch regelmäßige pneumologische Videovisiten: eine Real-Life-Studie
Authors: Jafari Claudia , Orhan Nilüfer , Hammermüller Sören , Plappert Gernoth , Porten Stephan , Strassburg Alan
Published: January 2025

Hintergrund In den letzten Jahren ist es zu einem erheblichen Anstieg der Patientenzahlen in der außerklinischen Intensivpflege (AKI) gekommen. Obwohl viele der Patienten invasiv beatmet werden, fehlt oft eine lungenfachärztliche Anbindung. Bei bis zu 60–70% von ihnen wird außerdem weiteres Weaningpotenzial vermutet. Ein telemedizinischer Ansatz, um dieses zu beurteilen und eine pneumologische Betreuung zu ermöglichen, wurde bisher nicht in Studien untersucht.

Methode In 4 Beatmungs-WGs führten wir von März 2021 bis Februar 2024 telepneumologische Visiten durch. Über ein Videoportal erfolgten ein Anamnesegespräch und die Beurteilung z.B. der Beatmungsmesswerte. Zusätzlich kamen ein mobiles BGA-Gerät und ein digitales Stethoskop zum Einsatz. Therapievorschläge wurden durch die Hausärzte umgesetzt. Zum Vergleich diente eine Kontrollgruppe aus 4 Beatmungs-WGs, die nicht pneumologisch betreut wurden.

Ergebnisse Es wurden 71 tracheotomierte Patienten unabhängig von ihrem Weaningpotenzial in die Telemedizingruppe eingeschlossen. Von diesen waren 40 spontanatmend und 31 beatmet (Weaningstadium 3aII bzw. 3cI). Die Beatmungszeit von 23/31 (74%) Patienten konnte im Verlauf verkürzt werden: 5/31 (16%) benötigten nur noch eine nächtliche Beatmung, bei 4/31 (13%) konnte die Beatmung vollständig beendet werden. In einer Kontrollgruppe von 63 Patienten (3aII: n=34, 3cI: n=29) konnte nur bei 1/29 (3%) die Beatmungszeit reduziert werden.

Aus der Telemedizingruppe wurden 11/71 (15%) Patienten zur Dekanülierung eingewiesen (3aII: n=6, 3cI: n=5). Es konnten 7/11 (64%) erfolgreich dekanüliert werden (3aII: n=3, 3cI: n=4). Der durchschnittliche Klinikaufenthalt konnte auf 9 Tage verkürzt werden. In der Kontrollgruppe wurden 3/63 (5%) Patienten zur Dekanülierung eingewiesen, von denen keiner erfolgreich dekanüliert werden konnte. Ein Patient wurde während eines Klinikaufenthalts aus anderem Grund erfolgreich dekanüliert.

In der Interventionsgruppe wurden außerdem 310 telepneumologische Therapiemodifikationen durchgeführt, umgerechnet auf 978 Patientenmonate war somit bei einem Drittel der Patienten pro Monat eine Therapiemodifikation notwendig.

Schlussfolgerung Eine telepneumologische Betreuung in der AKI ermöglicht es, Weaningpotenzial zu erkennen, Klinikaufenthalte zum Weaning gezielt zu planen bzw. zu vermeiden sowie eine bessere Therapie der Patienten zu erreichen. Hierfür ist eine regelmäßige Betreuung in individuellen Abständen nötig.
Sicherheitsrelevante Merkmale der stationsäquivalenten Behandlung –
Eine Untersuchung aus der Perspektive von Nutzer*innen
Authors: Ziegenhagen Jenny , Göppert Lena , Glück Rosa , von Peter Sebastian
Published: January 2025

Das Thema Sicherheit während der stationsäquivalenten Behandlung
(StäB) wird aus Nutzer*innensicht untersucht. StäB ist eine Form der
akut-psychiatrischen Versorgung, bei der Nutzer*innen zu Hause aufgesucht
werden. Die Arbeit ist Teil der AktiV-Studie und wurde von Autor*innen mit
eigenen Erfahrungen psychiatrischer Behandlung verfasst.

55 Leitfrageninterviews mit Nutzer*innen von StäB sind mit
thematischer Analyse ausgewertet worden. Dabei war die Frage leitend, wie
die Sicherheitsbedürfnisse von Nutzer*innen in der StäB, auch im Vergleich
zur stationären Behandlung, erfüllt werden können.

Das Thema Sicherheit ist für die Nutzer*innen die Grundlage
für eine Unterstützung in Krisen. Der Haltung der Mitarbeiter*innen und
ihrer Beziehung zu den Nutzer*innen kommen dabei eine prägnante Rolle
zu.

StäB bietet mehr Möglichkeiten für eine sichere
Behandlung als der stationäre Kontext. Die Abwesenheit von Zwang und Gewalt
ist nötig, damit Nutzer*innen während einer psychiatrischen Behandlung
sicher sein können.
Sportangebote bei psychischen Erkrankungen: Wie wir als Behandelnde
gezielt unterstützen können
Authors: Hirschbeck Anna , Schwegler Hannah , Solujanova Ludmila , Kossmann David , Hasan Alkomiet , Röh Astrid
Published: January 2025

Trotz der positiven Effekte körperlicher
Aktivität sind Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen oft wenig aktiv. Die
Empfehlungen sind uneinheitlich und schwer umsetzbar.

Untersucht wurden Sportverhalten und Bedarf an
Sportangeboten während und nach stationärer Behandlung, um konkrete
Empfehlungen für den klinischen Alltag abzuleiten.

Für die vorliegende Umfrage wurden Patientinnen und
Patienten der psychiatrischen Klinik der Universität Augsburg via
Flyer/QR-Code rekrutiert.

47 Patientinnen und Patienten nahmen teil. Über
70% treiben regelmäßig Sport. Ebenfalls über 70% haben Interesse an einer
Peer-Sportgruppe, wobei die Rahmenbedingungen möglichst niedrigschwellig
gestaltet sein sollten (z.B. ohne Voranmeldung). Kraftsport und moderate
Intensitäten wurden gegenüber Ausdauersport bevorzugt.

Die Ergebnisse ergänzen die Bewegungsempfehlungen
der Weltgesundheitsorganisation. Kraftsport und leicht verfügbare Angebote
könnten die körperliche Aktivität fördern.
Non-aerobic and One-pot Synthesis of Carbazoles from Cyclohexanones and Arylhydrazines
Authors: Miki Keigo , Matsubara Ryosuke , Hayashi Masahiko
Published: January 2025

The reaction of cyclohexanones with phenylhydrazines proceeded under an ethylene atmosphere in the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd/C and equimolar amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate to afford a variety of substituted carbazoles in good to high yields. The present reaction was carried out under completely non aerobic conditions, which is in contrast with the previously reported aerobic system. This protocol was also applied to the synthesis of symmetrical carbazoles using hydrazine monohydrate in place of phenylhydrazines. The reaction will proceed in a manner similar to Fischer indole synthesis, involving a [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement and advancing with 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazole as an intermediate.
A General Route to 3-Thiosubstituted Steroids via Copper-Catalyzed C–S Coupling
Authors: Kotovshchikov Yury N. , Latyshev Gennadij V. , Parulava Mikhail J. , Sokolova Darina V. , Lukashev Nikolay V. , Beletskaya Irina P.
Published: January 2025

A convenient and efficient approach to 3-thiosubstituted androstanes has been developed. The formation of a C(sp2)–S bond was achieved through the Cu-catalyzed coupling of steroidal iododienes with a variety of S-nucleophiles, such as (het)aryl thiols and dithiocarbamates. A simple catalytic system comprising CuI without auxiliary ligands enabled the preparation of a library of target compounds in good to high yields. A moderate inhibitory activity against hormone-dependent cancer cell lines was demonstrated for representative 3-thiolated steroids.
Tit for Tat: A Case Series of Hollow Viscus and Vascular Compressions
Authors: Ragunathan Vinithra , Sengotaiyan Saravanakumar , Vaidhiyanathan Malathi , Kumar Kiran
Published: January 2025

Background Abdominopelvic vascular and hollow viscus compression syndromes present unique challenges in radiological diagnosis, often requiring thorough exclusion of other pathologies. Recognizing these rare syndromes is essential for accurate differential diagnosis and timely treatment, reducing morbidity and mortality. This case series aims to share notable experiences in identifying unusual compression syndromes through radiological findings.

Case Reports Case 1: A 22-year-old male presented with postprandial epigastric discomfort and reflux, which was diagnosed as duodenal compression due to the mid portion of the third segment of the duodenum being compressed between the superior mesenteric vein and the aorta.
Case 2: A 47-year-old male with left loin pain revealed hydroureteronephrosis caused by smooth narrowing/kinking at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra, leading to obstruction and renal dysfunction. Case 3: A 15-year-old female with left lower limb swelling and pain was diagnosed with venous thrombosis in the left common iliac, external iliac, and common femoral veins due to giant fecal impaction.

Discussion These cases underscore the significance of recognizing vascular compression syndromes that mimic common clinical conditions. Case 1 highlights the rare compression of the duodenum, which may be mistaken for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Case 2 illustrates how vascular kinking can obstruct the urinary tract and cause hydroureteronephrosis. Case 3 emphasizes the role of fecal impaction in leading to venous thrombosis, a potentially overlooked complication. Prompt imaging and differential diagnosis are critical for proper management.

Conclusion These cases provide valuable insights into the recognition and management of abdominopelvic vascular and hollow viscus compression syndromes. Understanding these rare conditions allows for accurate diagnosis, timely treatment, and improved patient outcomes. The findings contribute to the body of knowledge, aiding healthcare professionals in managing such complex clinical presentations.
Note on the maximum photothermal heating efficiency
Authors: Badescu Viorel
Published: January 2025

The maximum efficiency of work generation from solar radiation energy has been treated in many papers. In contrast, the more subtle problem of the most effective photothermal heating way has been of less interest. This study demonstrates that modifying the traditional photothermal heating technology can significantly enhance heating performance. Numerical examples show that the new proposed technology may provide more than 50% more heat than the usual solar selective collectors. This highlights the practical importance of the results. Further advancements in photothermal heating performance depend on enhancing heat engines that operate at relatively small temperature difference and heat pumps that function at large temperature difference.
Computational study of fluid forces over a cylinder attached with elastic beam: A finite element-based simulations
Authors: Arif Yasir , Mahmood Rashid , Tlija Mehdi , Majeed Afraz Hussain , Usman Kamran , Ghith Ehab Seif
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we describe numerical algorithms that can be used to solve the coupled fluid–structure interaction with incompressible viscous fluid. We characterized the fluid force effects over a circular cylinder attached to an elastic rod. To resolve the coupled governing equations, the velocity profiles are approximated with quadratic polynomials (P2), while the pressure is estimated using a different space with linear polynomials (P1) using the finite element method. The discrete systems are solved using a Newton method that employs split differences to explicitly generate the Jacobian matrices. This approach enables us to address the nonlinearities at each time step and apply direct, steady techniques. The inquiry’s findings reveal a significant relationship between the behaviors related to steady streaming and the flow regimes associated with vortex shedding. In addition, at Re = 100, steady flow is characterized by minimal displacement and negligible oscillations. In contrast, the occurrence of larger oscillations at Reynolds numbers exceeding 140 suggests an increase in flow instability.
Investigation of reactive power referring to recent studies of time-averaged stored energy density
Authors: Chen Jiangwei , Qiu Jiacheng
Published: January 2025

It is known that the energies associated with reactive power periodically exchange between power supply and energy storage component(s) of capacitor and/or inductor. However, reactive power may be altered by power electronic devices without capacitors or/and inductors, which cannot be reasonably explained following electrical power theory. In this work, the transmission, dissipation, and storage of electromagnetic energy of either a sinusoidal alternating current or an electromagnetic wave traveling in a transmission line are addressed; a positive definite expression of time-averaged stored energy density instead of the usual non-positive definite one is proposed. It is demonstrated that, under certain conditions, the product of voltage and current intensity may be applied to represent instantaneous power, and active power is consistent with dissipated energy. However, reactive power is related to part of stored energy, which indicates that reactive power relates to part of the energy exchange between the power supply and the considered circuit. Furthermore, it is shown that influences of thyristors on stored energy may be attributed to the change of (fundamental frequency) current intensity induced by the thyristor and the contribution of the resistor to stored energy, which may also alter the value of reactive power. This work may be helpful to establish a bridge between electrical power theory and Poynting’s theorem, deepen the understanding of reactive power, and improve electrical power theory.
Study on the performance and mechanism of aging asphalt with organic–inorganic composite rejuvenator
Authors: Shu Benan , Zeng Guodong , Li Leifeng , Zhu Maocong , Ma Yunlong
Published: January 2025

This work studied the performance effect and regeneration mechanism of the organic–inorganic composite rejuvenator (COWRGO) composed of waste cooking oil, waste rubber powder, and modified graphene oxide on aged asphalt. The findings demonstrate that the rejuvenator retained its storage stability for one year following its restoration. The rutting factor of COWRGO regenerated asphalt was 43% higher than that of the base asphalt at 64 °C. A reduction in stiffness of 33% was observed, accompanied by an increase in m of 15% at a temperature of −18 °C. The unrecoverable creep compliance was decreased by 58% under shear stresses of 0.3 kPa. The optimal content of modified graphene oxide was identified as 0.1%. In this instance, the residual penetration rate was increased by 29%, and the viscosity aging index was reduced by 23%. The fatigue life of the regenerated asphalt was increased by 22%, reaching a total of 1610 cycles. Regenerated mechanism tests revealed that the COWRGO process resulted in a reduction in the molecular weight of aged asphalt, with an 11% decrease in the relative content of large molecules and an increase in medium and small molecules. The activation of waste rubber powder results in the formation of a loose and porous structure, accompanied by an increase in oxygen content of 3.79%. The decreased peak intensity of –CH2– and increased peak intensity of C–O and –OH mean that the aged asphalt molecular chains are effectively broken down, and the unsaturated and oxygen-containing functional groups are significantly increased.
Analyzing diverse soliton wave profiles and bifurcation analysis of the (3 + 1)-dimensional mKdV–ZK model via two analytical schemes
Authors: Arafat S. M. Yiasir , Saklayen M. A. , Islam S. M. Rayhanul
Published: January 2025

The (3 + 1)-dimensional modified Korteweg–deVries–Zakharov–Kuznetsov model is widely used in the study of nonlinear wave phenomena. These forms of wave phenomena are more useful in science and engineering. This work will analyze the model to identify the processes of the obtained traveling wave solutions through the modified version of the new Kudryashov and extended hyperbolic function schemes, as well as evaluate the solidity of the solitons at numerous equilibrium points using bifurcation analysis in conjunction with the Hamiltonian planar system. In addition, bifurcations are used to display the shifting framework and to test for the presence of different traveling wave solutions. Moreover, we show the balance point in the photographic form to examine the signal’s stability by specifying the saddle point and system center. Thus, the originality of this study is that the obtained traveling wave solutions of the mentioned governing model produce a variety of waves, including dark, kink, bell, and cospon bright soliton, depending on spacetime and wave propagation variables, which are illustrated in two-dimension, three-dimension, and contour charts. Furthermore, this research examines the wave’s nature using the governing model’s ion acoustic parameters and characterizes the outcome of these factors on the wave structure. As can be seen, the bifurcation exploration and the stated method are extremely valuable and instructive for describing the mathematical structure in later studies such as this one and many others.
Roles of doping in enhancing the performance of graphene/graphene-like semiconductors
Authors: Zhou Yuqi , He Xinbo , Li Mengyang
Published: January 2025

Graphene is renowned for its excellent chemical, thermal, mechanical, electrical, and optical properties, which arise from its unique bonding structure. However, graphene is intrinsically a zero-bandgap material, limiting its development in the field of flexible nanoelectronics. To expand the range of applications for graphene in electronic devices, it is crucial to develop the strategies for inducing a bandgap. One of the most effective methods is chemical doping. Doping not only alters the electronic properties of graphene by modifying its inherent gapless nature but also engenders new materials with distinctive and potentially synergistic characteristics. Although there are many reviews on the doped graphene, there is a rare one to discuss the role of doping in enhancing the performance of graphene-based semiconductors. This paper reviews various doping types and their impacts on graphene, emphasizing the effects of boron (B) doping, nitrogen (N) doping, oxygen-group doping, other non-metallic atom or atomic pair doping, and metallic doping. We will further discuss how these dopants affect the geometry, electronic structure, and mechanical properties of graphene. It is expected to be meaningful for further understanding the nature of doped graphene and building new graphene-like structures.
Research and response strategies on the impact of goaf collapse on overhead transmission lines
Authors: Xu Siqing , Meng Xiaokai , Wang Shuai , Lu Zhumao , Shang Wen
Published: January 2025

This article examines the impact of goaf collapse on overhead transmission lines, delving into various aspects such as foundation deformation, tower foundation and simulation calculation errors, tower deformation, and the effects at hanging points. Through a detailed analysis of surface deformation, the study reveals the laws and characteristics of surface deformation in goaf areas and proposes corresponding coping strategies. At the same time, it emphasizes the importance of precise monitoring, structural optimization design, long-term monitoring and maintenance, and emergency plan formulation to ensure the stable operation of the power system.
Abrupt transformation of West Greenland lakes following compound climate extremes associated with atmospheric rivers
Authors: Saros Jasmine E. , Hazuková Václava , Northington Robert M. , Huston Grayson P. , Lamb Avery , Birkel Sean , Pereira Ryan , Bourdin Guillaume , Jiang Binbin , McGowan Suzanne
Published: January 2025

Arctic ecosystems are affected by accelerated warming as well as the intensification of the hydrologic cycle, yet understanding of the impacts of compound climate extremes (e.g., simultaneous extreme heat and rainfall) remains limited, despite their high potential to alter ecosystems. Here, we show that the aquatic ecosystems in historically arid West Greenland have undergone an ecological transformation after a series of atmospheric rivers that simultaneously produced record heat and rainfall hit the region in autumn 2022. We analyzed a unique, long-term lake dataset and found that compound climate extremes pushed Arctic lakes across a tipping point. As terrestrial–aquatic linkages were strengthened, lakes synchronously transformed from “blue” lakes with high transparency and low pelagic primary production to “brown” in less than a year, owing to a large influx of dissolved organic material and metals, with iron concentrations increasing by more than two orders of magnitude. The browning of lake waters reduced light penetration by 50% across lakes. The resulting light limitation altered plankton distributions and community structure, including a major reduction in prokaryotic diversity and an increase in algal groups capable of metabolizing organic carbon sources. As a result, lakes shifted from being summer carbon sinks to sources, with a >350% increase in carbon dioxide flux from lakes to the atmosphere. The remarkably rapid, coherent transformation of these Arctic ecosystems underscores the synergistic and unpredictable impacts of compound extreme events and the importance of their seasonal timing, especially in regions with negative moisture balance.
Optical Spiral Predator–Prey Dynamics
Authors: Wu Juan , Zhuang Yu-Hui , Hu Yi , Xu Jing-Jun
Published: January 2025

Chase-and-escape motion, which is a typical behavior between a predator and prey, is an important dynamics in animate systems. It has been concerned recently in optics aiming for achieving novel light steering and switching functions. However, this optical counterpart can be realized in only one dimension because of the challenges in maintaining the chase-and-escape interaction. Herein, we report, both theoretically and experimentally, the optical predator–prey dynamics in two dimensions for the first time. Upon nonreciprocal interaction, two beams can form a localized or oblique spiral chase-and-escape motion, which persists owing to the mutual light confinement. Unusual optical phenomena are observed in these dynamics: the angular momentum is not conserved and the resulting transverse traveling motion can be opposite to the applied initial momentum and enhanced by increasing the internal light interactions. The results can inspire further fundamental studies by exploring analogous animate phenomena in optics that are potentially useful for developing optical intelligence functions.
Finding and minimizing systematic errors in dual-comb spectroscopy
Authors: Walsh M , Guay P , Deschênes J D , Malarich N , Coddington I , Cossel K , Genest J
Published: January 2025

With sufficiently high signal-to-noise, several systematic errors become prominent in dual-comb interferometry measurements. This paper reviews several error sources including electrical, photo-detection, amplification and acquisition chain non-linearity. Sources of optical non-linearity such as self-phase modulation, cross-phase modulation and Raman soliton shifting are also covered, as are spectral fringing due to parasitic reflections and back-scattering. The non-linear response of the target sample itself can also be a source of errors. Methods to identify and minimize errors in experimental data are discussed. Good practices, instrument design strategies and tools, such as the dynamic range diagram, are suggested.