bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes and Pathological Features of Total Thyroidectomy in Patients with Multifocal Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: RASİHASHEMİ Seyed Ziaeddin , SHİLAN Zahra , FARASHİ BONAB Samad , FARASHİ Ebrahim
Published: March 2023

Aim: The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased dramatically in recent decades. Multifocality is considered a poor prognostic factor for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Patients with multifocal PTC (MPTC) are at high risk for local recurrence, as well as lymphatic and distal metastases. This study examined the features and outcomes of MPTC.
Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 300 patients with PTC. Patients were classified into a multifocal group and a unifocal group. The pathological features of the PTC and the patients’ outcomes were analyzed and compared.
Results: The multifocal group included 146 patients (48.7%), while the unifocal group included 154 patients (51.3%). The occurrence of multifocality was higher in females than in males (Odds ratio, OR: 2.37, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.20-4.67, p=0.015). Tumor size of >1 cm in the multifocal group was larger than in the unifocal group (2.5 and 2.2 cm, respectively, p=0.021). Moreover, in multifocal group higher moderate risk of recurrence was detected than in the unifocal group (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.01-2.60, p=0.044). At follow-up after treatment, MPTC patients had higher lymph node metastasis (OR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.23-6.80, p=0.014). In addition, significantly higher thyroglobulin plasma levels (p=0.026) and disease recurrence (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.05-5.52, p=0.037) were found in the multifocal group compared to the unifocal group.
Conclusion: Patients with MPTC had a higher risk of disease recurrence, and multifocality was concluded to be an independent prognostic factor for overall disease recurrence.
Polnische Freiheitsbewegungen und die Polen in CAROLINE PICHLERS Autobiographie und ihren Briefen an HELMINA VON CHÉZY
Authors: Szarszewska Katarzyna
Published: March 2023

Der Beitrag untersucht das politische Engagement CAROLINE PICHLERS, einer der wichtigsten weiblichen Intellektuellen der Epoche der Romantik und des Vormärz. Er geht der Frage nach, welche Einstellung die Schriftstellerin zu den Teilungen Polens und den polnischen Freiheitsbewegungen im 19. Jahrhundert hatte und setzt sich zum Ziel, ihre Kontakte zu den polnischen Intellektuellen in Wien zu rekonstruieren. Darüber hinaus werden historische Hintergründe erklärt und Einblicke in die literarische Biographie der heute vergessenen Schriftstellerin gegeben. Die Rekonstruktion der Ansichten Pichlers erfolgt anhand ihrer bislang unveröffentlichten und nicht erforschten Korrespondenz mit der Dichterin und Publizistin HELMINA VON CHÉZY, die derzeit in der Jagiellonen Bibliothek in Krakau aufbewahrt wird, sowie anhand der wenig bekannten Passagen aus PICHLERS Memoiren Denkwürdigkeiten aus meinem Leben.
Synergism of microwaves and ultrasound for advanced biorefineries
Authors: Gude Veera Gnaneswar
Published: March 2023

Conventional energy sources are limited and non-renewable and their consumption contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. The world is in need of advanced biorefineries to meet ever growing energy demands associated with population growth and economic development. An advanced biorefinery should use renewable and sustainable (both in quality and quantity) feedstock that gives rise to higher energy gains with minimumnon-renewable energy and resource consumption. Development of advanced biorefineries is currently encircled by two major issues. The first issue is to ensure adequate biofuel feedstock supplies while the second issue is to develop resource-efficient technologies for the feedstock conversion to maximize energy and economic and environmental benefits. While microalgae, microbial derived oils, and agricultural biomass and other energy crops show great potential for meeting current energy demands in a sustainable manner, process intensification and associated synergism can improve the resource utilization efficiency. Synergism of process intensification tools is important to increase energy efficiency, reduce chemical utilization and associated environmental impacts, and finally process economics. Among the many process intensification methods, this commentary provides a perspective on the essential role of MWs and US and their synergy in biofuel production. Individual, sequential, and simultaneous applications of MWs and US irradiations can be utilized for process intensification of various biofuels production and selective recovery of high value bioproducts. Process related barriers, namely mass and heat transfer limitations, can be eliminated by this synergism while improving the reaction efficiency and overall process economics significantly. In this article, a brief review focused on recent developments in MW and US mediated process intensification for biofuel synthesis and associated issues in their synergism followed by a discussion on current challenges and future prospective is presented.
A methodology for the construction of efficient PLC based low-power photovoltaic generation plants
Authors: Shilin Alexandr A. , Savrasov Fedor , Kriger Anton
Published: March 2023

The research of the operation of low-power photovoltaic generation plants used for self-contained electric power supply in Siberian climaticconditions is performed in this paper. It provides an analysis of the operation of individual units of an automated control system, and givesrecommendations for the selection of hardware components. The article describes the operational principles, developed based on functionalmodules of the programmable logic controller, ensuring maximum possible use of solar energy in this continuous power supply system. The resultsof plant operation have been obtained, in the form of a power counter log, as well as data on the volume of solar energy produced in both overcastand in sunny weather, throughout the observation period. The article provides visual illustration of generated energy, which could be used to assessthe efficiency and economic viability of the low-power photovoltaic plant. Authors would like to point out that examples of the proposedmethodology for the construction of self-contained power supply systems can be found in existing industrial facilities, on which further scientificresearch can be based.
Comparison on efficiency of various techniques in treatment of waste and sewage water – A comprehensive review
Authors: Rajasulochana Perepi , Vijay Preethy
Published: March 2023

In the present scenario, environmental laws have become stringent towards health, economy and reduction of pollution. The pollution is a result of discharge of various organic and inorganic substances into the environment. The sources of pollution include domestic agricultural and industrial water. Conventional techniques such as chemical precipitation, carbon adsorption, ion exchange, evaporations and membrane processes are found to be effective in treatment of waste and sewage water. Recently, biological treatments have gained popularity to remove toxic and other harmful substances. The objective of the paper is to make comprehensive review including the performance of each technique in treatment of waste and sewage water. The research directions are also suggested based on the review.
Synthesis and characterization of vincristine loaded folic acid–chitosan conjugated nanoparticles
Authors: Salar Raj , Kumar Naresh
Published: March 2023

Vincristine is an anticancer drug used to treat different types of cancer. However, vincristine has been reported to become resistant against some cancer such as small cell lung cancer cell lines due to decreased uptake, increased drug efflux etc. To increase the uptake, vincristine loaded folic acid–chitosan conjugated nanoparticles were synthesized using ionic gelation method at pH 2.5. 1H-NMR confirmed conjugation of folic acid with chitosan. Blank folic acid–chitosan conjugated nanoparticles had an average size of 897.5 ± 0.90 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.738 ± 0.30 and zeta potential of +11.2 ± 0.43 mV and found to increase in vincristine loaded folic acid−chitosan nanoparticles at different formulations due to loading of vincristine in folic acid–chitosan conjugated nanoparticles. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed different functional groups and loading of vincristine in chitosan nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed to confirm the crystalline nature of the drug after loading and face centered cubic (FCC) structure of nanoparticles. In vitro drug release study showed slow and sustained release of vincristine in phosphate buffered saline at pH 6.7. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed spherical and rough surface of nanoparticles. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) confirmed loading of vincristine and size range of nanoparticles from 4.24 to 300 nm. Spectrophotometric analysis depicted maximum encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of 81.25% and 10.31%, respectively. Since cancer cells express folate receptors on their surface, these vincristine loaded folic acid–chitosan conjugated nanoparticles could be used for targeted delivery against resistant cancer with some modifications.
Mechanical and durability aspects of concrete incorporating secondary aluminium slag
Authors: Reddy Satish , Niraja D.
Published: March 2023

The environmental impact can be minimised by making use of many industrial wastes in a sustainable manner. Recycling and reutilisation of industrial waste and by-products is of paramount importance in cement and concrete industry. In view of rapid infrastructure growth, there is an emerging need for development of cementitious materials or fillers either to replace cement or fine aggregate for stable growth. One of theindustrial wastes is secondary aluminium dross. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the mechanical and durability aspects of concrete incorporated with secondary aluminium dross. Cement has been partially replaced by secondary aluminium dross in different proportions to study the mechanical and durability aspects. Various properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, sorptivity, water absorption, rapid chloride penetration have been studied for the usefulness of secondary aluminium dross as construction material. It is observed that up to 15% replacement of cement by secondary aluminium dross, the responses are comparable with the conventional concrete. Studies have also been carried out by adding other supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash and silica fume in various proportions along with secondary aluminium dross and found the improved mechanical and durability properties. From the overall study, it can be concluded that the concrete incorporated with secondary aluminium dross can be used for making paver blocks, refractory bricks and for normal concrete strength applications.
Recovery of copper from synthetic solution by efficient technology: Membrane separation with response surface methodology
Authors: Sahu Omprakash , Tiwari Anurag , Pal Dharm
Published: March 2023

Heavy metals are toxic in nature as declared by theWorld Health Organisation. Excess concentration of heavy metals causes harmful affect andalters the physicochemical characteristics of surrounding environmental parameters. Copper is an important heavy metal present in the aquaticenvironment, including wide industrial applications, and is an essential factor in animal metabolism. To recover and reduce copper concentrationfrom aqueous medium an attempted has been made with membrane technology. In this research work ultra filtration, nano filtration and reserveosmosis have been used. At optimum conditions 4.49 g/L initial concentration, 0.72 m3/h inlet flow rate, 40 bar working pressure were obtainedfor maximum recovery (40.977 g/min) of copper at pH 6.8 with reverse osmosis. To achieve this, 27 experimental runs were developed accordingto central composite design and analysed. The value of R2 > 0.91 for the obtained quadratic model indicates the high correlation between observedor the experimental value of response and response value predicted by the mathematical model. This implies that the experimental data correlatedvery well with the quadratic model chosen for the analysis.
Development of advanced winding condition control technology of electric motors based on pulsed method
Authors: Mytnikov Alexey V. , Evseeva Arina , Stepanov Ivan , Lavrinovich Valery
Published: March 2023

More than 80 percent of all electrical energy customers are electric motors. Therefore one of theprospects of resource-effective technologies in power industry is control of rotating electric equipmentcondition. Winding defects are one of the main causes of electric motor failures. Reliable control of windingcondition is an urgent task of modern electrical engineering technology. The present article is devotedto the research of pulsed method application of transformer winding control for electric motor windingcondition control. The procedure of winding condition control technology is described. The proposedmethod is based on the known pulsed method. The essential difference between the two methods is thatonly one probing impulse is used which is a probing impulse and response signal at once. The resultsof diagnostic procedure research at different winding defects are given. It is established that the place ofwinding damage corresponds to characteristic impulse changes. The defect of definite types causes specificchanges of the probing impulse form. Therefore, different winding defects could be found with highaccuracy along winding.
Experimental and simulation studies of parabolic trough collector design for obtaining solar energy
Authors: Murtuza Syed Amin , Byregovda H. V. , Mohammed Mohsin Ali H. , Imran Mohammed
Published: March 2023

Concentrated solar power has great potential for large scale renewable energy sources, and is currentlyan eye catching one for its utilization with wide area of improvement. Especially, parabolic trough solarcollectors (PTSCs) are gaining popularity due to their increased efficiency as compared to photovoltaics.In this work, an effort has been made to evaluate the performance of a designed 5-m length PTSC model.Heat collecting element was made of stainless steel with water as working fluid. The authentication ofthe proposed model is justified based on the results obtained on a yearly scale with respect to averageinlet and outlet temperatures, surface temperatures and thermal efficiency for the climatic conditionsof Ramanagaram. It was observed that March to May yielded better outlet temperatures ranging from93 °C to 103 °C. Experiments were carried out at different flow rates of 0.4 LPM, 0.8 LPM and 1.2 LPM andcorresponding Reynolds number was calculated. It was seen that February to May gave good surface andoutlet temperatures as compared with other months while the liquid flow is laminar. Simulation studieswere carried out using ANSYS software on receiver tube to ensure the robustness and design effectivenessunder static loading conditions.
Biosynthesis of ZnO/SiO 2 nanocatalyst with palash leaves’ powder for treatment of petroleum refinery effluent
Authors: Suresh S. , Bharati Rajani
Published: March 2023

This work aims the synthesis and characterization of ZnO/SiO 2 nanocatalyst from plant waste material by green route and application of this ZnO/SiO 2 nanocatalyst for the treatment of petroleum refinery efflu- ent. Butea monosperma (Palash) leaves’ powder was used as reducing and stabilizing agent for synthesis of ZnO/SiO 2 nanocatalyst. Palash leaves contain broad variability of biomolecules which work as reducing and capping agent. In this research work, COD and acenaphthylene which is Polycyclic Aromatic Hydro- carbons (PAH) were degraded by synthesizing ZnO/SiO 2 nanocatalyst under UV-light in an annular photo- catalytic reactor. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), FIELD emission gun-Scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis confirmed the formation of ZnO/SiO 2 nanocatalyst. Characterization studies re- vealed that spherical and hexagonal nanoparticles with particle size ranging from 8 ±5 nm to 40 ±5 nm and mean particle with diameter of 20 ±5 nm were synthesized using this method which is stable in the environment. Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area of ZnO/SiO 2 nanocatalyst is found to be 150.25 m 2 /g. Fractional Factorial design was applied to find optimum condition of process parameters and found that optimum percent. Removal of COD (mg/l), and acenaphthylene were achieved at reaction condition of 1 g/L of ZnO/SiO 2 nanocatalyst loading, 30 °C temperature and 4 h reaction time and found that optimum percent removal of COD (mg/l), and acenaphthylene is 75%, and 73% respectively. Various metals, naturally present in palash leaves’ powder, decrease band gap of energy and improve photocat- alytic activity of nanocatalyst.
Ethanol steam reforming with Co 0 (111) for hydrogen and carbon nanofilament generation
Authors: Sharma Yogesh Charma , Guddu Ashutosh , Prasad Ram
Published: March 2023

The cobalt metal catalysts are highly active at low temperature ESR. In this study, ESR was studied over barren Co metal (Co 0 ) from oxalate precursor without any pre-reduction to find out its role in hydrogen and carbon nano-filament generation. The ethanol conversion was found to be 100% with 96.5% hydrogen selectivity at 723K. The time on stream (TOS) study has shown stability up to 19h for Co catalyst. The diameter of Co-carbon nanofilament was calculated and found to be typically in the range of 70–80 nm by the TEM image analysis of spent catalyst. The SEM with EDS analysis revealed that Co 0 state was found in between the carbon nanofilament as well as at the tip of carbon nanofilament. The obtained Co-C nanofilament displayed an adsorption capacity of 552 mg/g at optimum parameter of pH = 2, contact time = 60 minute, concentration = 30 ppm, dose = 0.05g for Orange G dye removal without any chemical or physical treatment. This approach has shown significant results in terms of hydrogen generation and method of Co carbon nanofilament for further utilization in different prospects.
A new fuzzy framework for the optimal placement of phasor measurement units under normal and abnormal conditions
Authors: El-Sehiemy R. A. , Abdel Aleem Shady , Balchi Murat , Abdelaziz Almoataz
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a new procedure for finding the optimal placement of the phasor measurement units(PMUs) in modern power grids to achieve full network observability under normal operating conditions,and also abnormal operating conditions such as a single line or PMU outage, while considering the availabilityof PMU measuring channels. The proposed modeling framework is implemented using the fuzzybinary linear programming (FBLP) technique. Linear fuzzy models are proposed for the objective functionand constraints alike. The proposed procedure is applied to five benchmark systems such as theIEEE 14-bus, 30-bus, 39-bus, 57-bus, and 118-bus. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposedframework is capable of finding a fine-tuned optimal solution with a simple model and acceptable solutioncharacteristics compared with early works in the literature. Besides, four evaluation indices areintroduced to assure the various criteria under study such as the observability depth, measurement redundancy,and robustness of the method under contingencies. The results show that full network observabilitycan be met under normal conditions using 20% PMUs penetration; however, under contingencies,approximately 50% PMUs penetration is required. The novelty of the proposed procedure has proven thecapability of the proposed linear fuzzy models to find better optimal number of PMUs with lower numberof channels compared to other algorithms under various operating conditions. Hence, the proposedwork represents a potential tool to monitor power systems, and it will help the operators in a smart gridenvironment.
METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS APPLIED FOR WATER PURIFICATION
Authors: Chaemchuen Somboon , Wang Ji Chao , Gilani Ali G. , Francis Francis Verpoort
Published: March 2023

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) which are materials constructed from metal ions/clusters bridged with organic linkers have emerged as an important family of porous materials for widely varying applications. The purification of water polluted with both of organic and inorganic contaminants is a potentially promising application of MOFs since the chemical and thermal properties of the porous materials are easily tunable, e.g. ligand modification, different metal, etc. The demonstration of alignment and the obtained insights facilitate the direction of designing ideal MOF materials with improved water stability for application in water purification. This review gives a brief overview and will be beneficial to the design, functionalization, and promotion of the development of MOFs as adsorbent materials for applications in water purification.
CONTROL OF CO2 LASER POWER BY ACOUSTIC FIELDS
Authors: Abrahamyan A.S. , Chilingaryan R.Yu.
Published: March 2023

The present study investigates the optimization of the operation of the CO2 laser in the acoustoplasma mode (i.e., dependence of the laser radiation power on the composition of the working mixture, pressure, value of the direct component of the discharge current, frequency, and modulation depth). A three-dimensional dependence on the frequency and modulation depth of the discharge current is experimentally obtained for the normalized efficiency of the conversion of the electric power supplied to the discharge tube into laser power. The maximum gain when transition to the acoustoplasma mode exceeds 2.5 times. The optimum depth of the discharge current modulation is 0.5–0.7. The laser radiation power modulation caused by the discharge current modulation is measured. Laser power is not modulated at modulation frequencies of current >1 kHz. Meanwhile, at current modulation frequencies <0.5 kHz, the modulation depth of the laser radiation power nonlinearly depends on the modulation depth of the discharge current and has a threshold character. The modulation depth of the laser radiation power is associated with the creation of an acoustoplasma and not simply with the discharge current modulation.
COMPARISON OF GLOW, ARC, AND MAGNETRON DIRECT CURRENT DISCHARGES
Authors: Abrahamyan A.S. , Mkrtchyan A.H. , Chilingaryan R.Yu.
Published: March 2023

Glow discharge (GD) in a tube, arc discharge (AD) without cathode heating from an external source, and magnetron discharge (MD) in a planar magnetron are compared. In each of the discharges, characteristic areas are distinguished. In MD, electrons trapped in the near-cathode region are not directly involved in ionization processes, but “wake” acceleration of slow ions by electrons that move along Larmor orbits is possible, which gives additional energy to ions moving toward the cathode. In GD in the near-cathode region, the average energy of the ejected electrons is on the order of several electron volts, and the energy of the ions and neutrals is less than 0.1 eV. In MD in the near-cathode region, the average energy of knocked-out electrons, ions, and neutrals is on the order of tens of electron volts. The differential resistance of GD is negative, that of AD is usually negative, and that of MD is positive. The energy of ions in the magnetron plasma can be greater than that of electrons, which gives new possibilities for acoustoplasma control of MD and the creation of appropriate instruments and devices.
REMOVAL OF DIVALENT CADMIUM IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING LANTANA CAMARA LEAVES BIOCARBON
Authors: Starlin Shyla S. , Mohan Kumar R. , Singanan M.
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study is to investigate the removal of divalent cadmium ions from an aqueous solution using Lantana camara leaves biocarbon (LCBC). Batch experiments are conducted to test the effects of various parameters such as pH, initial metal ion concentration, amount of biocarbon, and contact time on the cadmium removal process at room temperature, which allows establishing as the optimum conditions a pH value of 4.0 and 2.5g/100 mL of biocarbon dose at the equilibrium time of 180 min. The maximum percentage removal of cadmium is 93.30%. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms are used to verify the adsorption parameters, and the experimental data is well fitted to the Langmuir model. Analysis of the biosorption kinetics shows that the pseudo-second-order model is well fitted for Cd (II) ions removal. The correlation coefficient (r2) for the second-order model is 0.9848. The results reveal LCBC as an efficient, low cost, and harmless to environment adsorbent for the removal of Cd (II) ions in the biosorption process.
A REVIEW OF NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRIES
Authors: Das B.M. , Dutta D.
Published: March 2023

Nanotechnology encompasses the science and technology of objects with sizes ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm. Today, exploration and production from conventional oil and gas wells have reached a stage of depletion. Newer technologies have been developed to address this problem. Maximum oil production at a minimum cost is currently a huge challenge. This paper reviews nanotechnology applications in the oil and gas production sector, including in the fields of exploration, drilling, production, and waste management in oil fields, as well as their environmental concerns. The paper reviews experimental observations carried out by various researchers in these fields. The effect of various nanoparticles, such as titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, and carbon nanotubes in drilling fluids and silica nanoparticles in enhanced oil recovery, has been observed and studied. This paper gives a detailed review of the benefits of nanotechnology in oil exploration and production. The fusion of nanotechnology and petroleum technology can result in great benefits. The physics and chemistry of nanoparticles and nanostructures are very new to petroleum technology. Due to the greater risk associated with adapting new technology, nanotechnology has been slow to gain widespread acceptance in the oil and gas industries. However, the current economic conditions have become a driving force for newer technologies.
De los gabinetes de lectura a la Biblioteca Carnegie : política y cultura entre dos soberanías. El caso de Puerto Rico, 1835-1918
Authors: Flores Ramos José Enrique
Published: March 2023

A continuación examinaremos, en el sur de la Isla, las implicaciones políticas del Gabinete de Lectura de Ponce entre 1868 y 1888. En el norte, examinaremos la experiencia capitalina de San Juan, a través del caso del Gabinete de Lectura de la Real Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País (1835), cuya colección, en 1899, pasó a formar parte de la San Juan Free Library, la cual luego se convirtió, en 1903, en la Biblioteca Insular y finalmente se transformó en la Biblioteca Carnegie de San Juan, en 1916.
HISTÓRIAS DA DANÇA QUE NOS CONTAM
Authors: Guarato Rafael
Published: March 2023

Este artigo apresenta as informações e análises iniciais de um estudo dedicado a compreender como ocorreu/ocorre o ensino de história da dança em nosso país. Para tanto, a pesquisa arquivou e analisou Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos (PPC’s) de trinta e três instituições de ensino superior que atualmente oferecem cursos de Dança. Para lidar com esse material, foi adotado uma metodologia quanti-qualitativa. O procedimento quantitativo foi salutar para elaboração de gráficos que demonstram visualmente, as condições gerais do ensino de história da dança. Num segundo momento, essas informações foram utilizadas para iniciar um processo de compreensão qualitativa dos dados analisados, os quais são aqui realizados ainda de modo introdutório. Para subsidiar esta proposta de investigação e os debates a partir das informações encontradas, este estudo dialoga com teorias das áreas da história e dos estudos em dança.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Hummes Júlia Maria
Published: March 2023

Resumo dos textos que compõem a edição.
The impact of municipal-territorial transformations in the regions of Russia on population dynamics
Authors: Simagin Yury , Murtuzalieva Djamilya , Vankina Irina
Published: March 2023

The demographic problem is one of the most acute in modern Russia, especially at the level of municipalities, most of which have experienced depopulation since 2010, when the country's population as a whole was increasing. Numerous actions are being taken to solve the demographic problem, and further expansion of their list is quite justified, since in the future the situation may become even worse. At the same time, the issue of the impact on the demographic situation of the municipal-territorial transformations carried out in the regions of the country, which are mainly aimed at abolishing or reducing the number of second-level municipalities — urban and rural settlements, has not been investigated. Meanwhile, public service institutions in the fields of education, healthcare and others may disappear, that negatively affects the living conditions of the population and does not contribute to solving demographic problems. Other consequences of municipal-territorial transformations also have not been studied. This article shows that the municipalities of the first level (urban districts, municipal areas, municipal districts), which in the period 2010-2020 were covered by transformations, are characterized by poorer demographic dynamics (less increase or more decrease in population) compared to other municipalities in the same subjects of the Russian Federation, which were not covered by such transformations. Municipalities with and without transformations also differ in terms of natural and migration movement of the population. It can be concluded that municipal-territorial transformations aimed at simplifying the municipal structure in the country may solve some momentary difficulties, in particular, reduce budget expenditures. But in the future, they may have negative consequences for solving Russia's main problems, including preserving and increasing the country's population.
Assessment of reproductive behavior and fertility on the example of the steppe regions of Russia
Authors: Tuktamysheva Lilia , Chibilyov (jr.) Alexander , Meleshkin Dmitriy , Grigorevsky Dmitry
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the study of reproductive behavior and fertility forecast in the steppe regions of Russia. The purpose of the work is to identify the main patterns and determinants of the reproductive behavior of population in the regions of the steppe zone of Russia. The objectives of the study included a description of the main characteristics of fertility indicators, establishing the significance of differences in reproductive behavior indicators, calculating an integral indicator of reproductive behavior and predicting fertility in the regions under study. In the period 1990-2020 in the territory under consideration, there was a general decrease in the population by 847 thousand people, the main reasons for which were a decrease in the natural population growth and negative migration rates. In the regions of the steppe zone, there is a tendency to increase in the territories with lower birth rates, the average age of a mother at the birth of her first child is growing, there are processes of postponing the birth of children and later marriage. Calculation of the integral indicator made it possible to conduct a rating assessment of the steppe regions of Russia in terms of reproductive behavior. As a result, the values of the integral indicator of reproductive behavior are maximum in the Republic of Kalmykia, and minimum in Saratov oblast. As a result of modeling and forecasting the birth rate in the studied regions till 2025, it was found that the forecasts for most subjects of the steppe zone are disappointing. A uniform decrease in fertility rates is observed in 16 regions, of which the largest decline is forecast in the Republic of Bashkortostan — by 0.9 births per 1,000 people, the Republic of Kalmykia (by 0.8) and Orenburg oblast (by 0.8). Only in 2 regions the calculated forecasts have a positive trend — in Belgorod (by 0.4) and Omsk (by 0.6) oblasts.
Mobilization Project as a Form of Science Regulation
Authors: Pyastolov Sergey
Published: March 2023

The paper states that the concept of economy as an equilibrium structure is not fully consistent with “mobilization” as a characteristic of a time-limited complex of processes of transformation of socio-technological relations, the transition of the system from one state to a qualitatively different one and, with a clearly defined purpose as a rule. The Mobilization project (MP), therefore, has stages of beginning and completion. The Russian scientific sphere in its current state cannot be “mobilized”. At the same time, pure science, the life-supporting element of the entire science and technology sector, is capable of self-mobilisation. The sequence of MP implementation is outlined: an integral resilient semantic field – a complex of sovereignties {semantic – institutional – technological}. The general recommendation is that you need to think in terms of complete cycles. In relation to a specific case, modern technologies for the production of knowledge, knowledge-intensive products are to be developed and implemented, organizational forms are being selected. Among them, network formats with the necessary share of hierarchy are promising in the context of MP.
A.T. Bolotov and the creation of new concepts of landscape gardening in Russia (on the problem of the transfer of European horticultural practices to the Russian “soil”)
Authors: Zhitin Ruslan M. , Topilsky Aleksey G.
Published: March 2023

We examines the contribution of A.T. Bolotov to the creation and development of park art in the Russian Empire in the second half of the XVIII century. The issues of the dissemination of European literature in Russia devoted to the creation of recreational areas and agricultural technology, its impact on the development of domestic parks are analyzed. The concept of the worldview of A.T. Bolotov is characterized. Bolotov, in which the sensations or internal states experienced by the subject were caused not by external (material) stimuli at all, but by the inner “spiritual” world of a person who eventually becomes able to distinguish good from evil, morality from immorality. Thus, it was the soul of the individual that gave a stable form to sensations and formed the warehouse of the worldview. The scientist has repeatedly developed this idea in his work. According to A.T. Bolotov, three things had a particularly strong effect on the inner (“sensual”) world of a person: reading literature, good conversation and contemplation of nature. The comprehension of these classes prompted A.T. Bolotov to become interested in landscape art, which is the application of all human sensual aspirations. It is noted that the thoroughness of the study of landscape gardening and its verification in the conditions of his estate ensured the creation of his own practice of Russian parks, in which A.T. Bolotov described methods of selecting high-quality seeds, methods of tillage, paid attention to the timing of planting plants, the features of their grafting.
Means of individualization contrary to the principles of humanity and morality: paradoxes of perception, commercial potential
Authors: Akinina Anastasiya V.
Published: March 2023

The subject of work is trademarks that contradict the principles of humanity and morality as a phenomenon: their existence in the commercial environment, the attitude towards them in legislation and society, a typical characteristic. The relevance of the study is due to the dual position of such names: on the one hand, the characteristic “contradiction to public interests, principles of humanity and morality” serves as a good reason for refusing state registration of a mark, on the other hand, such names are found in many not only in the commercial environment, but also in the legal field. The purpose of the study is to characterize the degree of prevalence of such designations, as well as to assess the attitude of native speakers of the Russian language to such nominations (aesthetic and commercial attractiveness). The main research method is an experiment (survey). According to the results of experiment, it is proved that designations with a pronounced “indecent” meaning are the least aesthetically and commercially attractive for the majority of potential buyers of goods/services. The conclusion is made about the relativity of the norms of domestic legislation in the field of registration and functioning of means of individualization of enterprises, goods and services: due to the lack of clear criteria for “contradiction to the principles of humanity and morality”, registration may be denied to designations harmless from the point of view of buyers, and the designation in which the majority of native speakers reads an immoral message receives state registration.
A survey on brazilian dentists’ awareness, perception, and knowledge of bisphosphonates
Authors: Nunes Raquel Laís Ottoni , Anjos Nicole Ribeiro dos , Lima Luciano Henrique Ferreira , Viana Ana Paula Cota , Pereira Larissa de Ávila , Bruzinga Fábio Fernandes Borém , Grossmann Soraya de Mattos Camargo
Published: March 2023

Aim: The purpose of the study was to analyze the knowledge of dentists in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, about bisphosphonates and their clinical implications. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted with a convenience sample of dentists in Belo Horizonte, in a period of 8 weeks. The questionnaire was self-applied and was structured with 10 items about the dentists’ demographic characteristics, professional profile, and knowledge about bisphosphonates. Associations in the data were analyzed by with the Fischer’s exact test with a significance level of 5%. Results: Of the 214 participating dentists, 163 (76.17%) were women, and 51 (23.83%) were men, with age ranged for 21 to 73 years (mean of 30 years) and mean of 6 years of professional activity. Nearly half (106/49.53%) reported having knowledge about bisphosphonates, and undergraduate courses were the primary source of such information (73/34.11%). Osteoporosis was the most identified indication for use (75/35.04%), although no participants correctly identified all indications. Regarding the drugs’ side effects, only three dentists (1.40%) could correctly identify all responses, with bone necrosis being recognized by the majority (88/41.12%). Sodium alendronate (54/25.23%) and sodium ibandronate (15/7.01%) were the most identified examples of bisphosphonates. Last, only nine dentists (4.20%) could identify all examples of the drugs, and their capacity was associated with self-reported knowledge (p<0.05). Conclusions: More information about bisphosphonates should be disseminated in Belo Horizonte, ideally via better approaches in local undergraduate and postgraduate courses. Until then, knowledge of the basic aspects of bisphosphonates will remain limited.
A rede cegonha na formação da agenda no governo de Dilma Rousself
Authors: Castilho Glaucejane Galhardo da Cruz de , Rocha Lourdes de Maria Leitão Nunes
Published: March 2023

O artigo apresenta a Rede Cegonha na formação da agenda de políticas públicas para as mulheres no governo de Dilma Rousseff, no ano de 2011. Compreende-se o tema a partir de uma análise bibliográfica, considerando os estudos sobre o movimento da agenda e as interpretações dos sujeitos sobre o planejamento reprodutivo das mulheres e à atenção à criança. O artigo versa sobre os seguintes itens: uma parte introdutória, seguida dos itens que caracterizam a formação da agenda de políticas públicas e a emergência da Rede Cegonha no governo de Dilma Rousseff, no ano de 2011. Conclui-se que, contraditoriamente, a institucionalização da Rede Cegonha se firma ainda na atualidade como uma estratégia que visa assegurar o enfrentamento e redução da mortalidade materna, sendo um desafio governamental que foi construído por decisão política do Governo, inserido na agenda formal e incorporado na estrutura administrativa e no discurso oficial da Presidenta Dilma Rousseff, sob as influências da OMS/OPAS. O Movimento de Mulheres e Feministas, como sujeito das políticas públicas, se caracterizou como grupo de pressão determinante no processo de formulação de alternativas diante das contradições apontadas no processo de formulação do Programa.
Keabsahan Aset Kripto Sebagai Jaminan Dalam Akta Perjanjian Pinjaman Dana
Authors: Nurjihad  , Cahyasari Krismanova , Diva Amara
Published: March 2023

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang keabsahan aset kripto sebagai jaminan dalam akta perjanjian pinjaman dana berdasarkan hukum jaminan yang berlaku di Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini digunakan pendekatan secara Undang-Undang. Metode pengumpulan menggunakan literatur data dari buku-buku, Undang-Undang dan regulasi yang berlaku. Sumber hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan aset kripto sebagai objek jaminan fidusia dalam perjanjian pinjaman dana berdasarkan hukum positif di Indonesia dapat dilakukan, hal tersebut dikarenakan aset kripto memenuhi unsur barang yang dapat dijadikan jaminan fidusia, yaitu suatu benda yang dapat bernilai dan memiliki karakteristik sebagai benda bergerak tidak berwujud. Akta perjanjian pinjaman dana yang telah dibuat secara otentik oleh notaris dapat terdegradasi apabila unsur materil dan formilnya bertentangan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan. Ketika terjadi konflik dalam hal unsur materiil di kemudian hari terkait aset kripto sebagai jamaninan dalam perjanjian pinjaman dana maka akibat hukum yang dapat timbul adalah gugatan oleh pihak yang telah dirugikan.
NFT (Non-Fungible Token) Sebagai Jaminan Kebendaan
Authors: Marcelino Julian Gilbert , Kusumawardani Novia , Al Hafiedz Adhen
Published: March 2023

Hak Kekayaan Intelektual, merupakan hak yang di miliki oleh seseorang atas karya ciptaan yang merupakan hasil dari kegiatan berpikir yang dilakukan oleh orang tersebut. Menurut Pasal 16 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta, hak kekayaan intelektual dapat di jadikan sebagai objek jaminan fidusia, karena sifatnya yang merupakan benda bergerak dan tidak berwujud. Adapun saat ini ada aset tak berwujud baru yang bernama Non Fungible Token (NFT). NFT merupakan aset digital yang termasuk benda bergerak tidak berwujud. Oleh sebab itu dalam penelitian ini akan di bahas terkait apakah NFT bisa menjadi objek dari jaminan utang, serta jaminan kebendaan apa saja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan KUH Perdata, Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta, sebagai sumber utama. Juga pendekatan konseptual yaitu tentang pendapat ahli terkait aset digital sebagai objek jaminan. Adapun hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa NFT dapat menjadi objek jaminan utang, lembaga jaminan kebendaan yang dapat digunakan adalah jaminan fidusia dan jaminan gadai.
Neutrophil serine proteases
Authors: Skoreński Marcin , Torzyk Karolina , Sieńczyk Marcin
Published: March 2023

The identification and characterization of the four active neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) have provided a better understanding of their roles in various physiological and pathological processes. The availability of appropriate tools such as substrates, inhibitors, and activity-based probes (ABPs) for studying their activity and functions in cells has become increasingly important. In this paper, the authors provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on the tools available for studying NSPs. The substrates, inhibitors, and ABPs that have been developed to date are described, including their strengths and limitations. The authors also discuss the potential implications of these tools for future research on NSPs, including their potential use in the development of new therapeutics for various diseases. Overall, this paper highlights the importance of understanding the activity and functions of NSPs and provides valuable information on the tools available for studying these proteases.
Effects of Silybum marianum L. Seed Extracts on Wound Infection–Causing Bacteria
Authors: El-Sapagh Shimaa , Gamal Nanis G. , El-Sayed Mohamed Nour El-Dein , El-Hefnawy Asmaa Ahmed , Gururani Mayank Anand , Shala Awad Yousef
Published: March 2023

The development of bacterial resistance to conventional treatments (chiefly antibiotics) has led to the complication of wound infections, thus rendering the search for novel alternative infection-fighting techniques even more urgent. Historically, medicinal plants have been widely used to obtain natural health products, thus, they constitute sources for very promising alternative antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of different seed extracts of Silybum marianum against antibiotic-resistant wound infection–causing bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus strain NBRC 100910, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain IAM 12423, Klebsiella pneumoniae strain DSM 30104, and Escherichia coli strain NBRC 102203). The most effective extract was selected to investigate its antioxidant potency, assess its effects on the bacterial cell ultrastructure using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and screen its bioactive components using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) analysis. The results indicated that most antibiotics were ineffective against the bacterial isolates; hence, the bacterial isolates were considered to be MDR bacteria. Ethanol extract exhibited the highest inhibition activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria alongside high antioxidant and antibacterial activities, as revealed by the denaturation and deformation of the ultrastructure of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and S. maltophilia observed via TEM. The GC–MS analysis of ethanol extract revealed the presence of diverse active components with numerous biological activities. Therefore, S. marianum seeds might be promising antioxidant and antibacterial agents against MDR wound infection–causing bacterial strains.
Preliminary Examination of the Principle of Self-Organization in Multicellular Organisms: The Difference in Size Between Yao Ming and Myself
Authors: Cao Zheming
Published: March 2023

Multicellular organisms organize themselves according to two principles; first, the equilibrium between the driving force of unstable state cells and apoptosis or senescence; and second, the mutual equilibrium between the functional requirements of different types of cells. For the first principle, we deduce that stem cells at different levels have their own growth limits, which are determined by two factors: the ability of the stem cells to enter an unstable state (specifically, the ability of cells to divide and differentiate); and the rate of cellular senescence, loss of function, and finally, apoptosis. The superposition of stem cell limits at different levels over each other can amplify small differences at the genetic level. Moreover, the growth limits of different organs are different, which lead to different individuals having completely different appearances. The second principle is that the sum of the specific output functions of an organ must be equal to the overall demand for the function to be provided by the organ. If negative entropy input can meet this equilibrium, defects in certain genes will cause these defective individuals to become larger or develop other morphology.