bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insegurança ocupacional em plantões de hospital-escola durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Sousa-Muñoz Rilva Lopes de , Farias Realeza Thalyta Lacerda , Santos Brunna Patrício
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o emprego de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI) por profissionais de saúde e graduandos do internato médico em plantões em um hospital universitário durante a pandemia da doença pelo novo coronavírus-2019 (COVID-19). Realizou-se estudo descritivo e transversal com aplicação de questionários a médicos, enfermeiros e graduandos do internato médico que trabalharam/estagiaram no Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley, em João Pessoa-PB, entre dezembro/2020 a maio/2021. O questionário foi elaborado a partir de recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde e aplicado por meio de Formulários Google on-line. Dos 63 participantes, 57,1% eram homens, 71,4% graduandos do internato médico e 49,2% tinham de 22 a 24 anos. Observou-se que 82,5% afirmaram ter atendido pacientes com COVID-19, 73% receberam capacitação sobre uso de EPI no serviço, 77,8% consideraram adequado seu uso e 47,6% relataram contaminação de familiares. Neste sentido, 73% negaram cumprir protocolo de prevenção em suas casas após plantões, 76,2% não realizavam troca de roupa na chegada e saída do hospital, 82,5% observaram uso inadequado de EPI por colegas, 49,2% relataram escassez de EPI no serviço e 52,4% referiram fornecimento parcial dos itens de EPI. Infecção pessoal pelo coronavírus foi relatada por 47,6%. Houve autorrelato de síndrome de esgotamento físico e/ou mental por 76,2% e 25,4% buscaram assistência profissional. Os resultados indicam condições de insegurança de profissionais de saúde e graduandos de medicina em sua atividade em um hospital-escola, com elevada contaminação pelo coronavírus, escassez e uso inadequado de EPI, desatenção com o risco de contaminação familiar e alto nível de estresse.
Ganho ponderal materno na gravidez de termo: relação com o peso e os demais valores antropométricos dos recém-nascidos
Authors: Novo Joe Luiz Vieira Garcia , Novo Neil Ferreira , Novelli Alessandra Raphael , Carvalho Mariana Oliva Cassará
Published: August 2022

Objetivos: analisar nas puérperas de baixo peso e obesas em gestação de termo, o relacionamento entre o ganho ponderal materno durante a gestação, e as prováveis repercussões para os pesos e demais valores antropométricos dos recém-nascidos. Métodos: estudo prospectivo de puérperas (baixo peso, obesidade e peso normal como controle), e seus recém-nascidos no HSL de Sorocaba-SP. As variáveis maternas dependentes utilizadas foram os ganhos de peso na gravidez através do IMC pré-gestacional; nos recém-nascidos anotaram-se o peso, demais valores antropométricos e IMC em 143 puérperas e seus recém-nascidos (43 de baixo peso, 50 obesas e 50 do grupo controle). Resultados: as variáveis de interesse, para efeito da variável-controle ‘grupo’ revelaram-se proporcionais e estatisticamente significantes nos três grupos. Combinadas com a faixa de ganho de peso resultaram em efeitos conjuntos estatisticamente não significantes; exceto para a variável perímetro braquial (baixo peso) que teve relação direta e proporcional ao ganho de peso materno. Conclusão: o ganho ponderal gestacional materno não influenciou estatisticamente nos pesos e demais valores antropométricos dos recém-nascidos nos grupos controle e obesas. Nas de baixo peso, influiu direta e significativa em todas as medidas antropométricas, representando apenas uma tendência estatística (p>0,05), porém, não proporcional ao ganho de peso materno; teve relação direta e proporcional apenas com a variável perímetro braquial de seus recém-nascidos.
Associação entre a incidência de Dengue e o rompimento da barragem de Brumadinho, MG
Authors: Furgeri Eduarda Idalina , Dias Leonardo Costa , Wagner Caroline
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar a influência do rompimento da barragem da mina Feijão no município de Brumadinho-MG no aumento de casos de dengue na cidade. É um estudo baseado em boletins epidemiológicos e notificações registradas no sistema de informação de agravos de notificação, no Sinan. Para avaliar este impacto e fornecer base para uma avaliação mais criteriosa e precisa, usou-se um estudo do tipo caso-controle, onde se escolheu uma cidade que possuía características semelhantes à estudada como grupo controle. Avaliando os resultados e comparando ao período anterior ao rompimento da barragem, houve alteração significativa nos casos relatados de dengue na cidade. Contudo, observou-se que no ano de 2019 foi uma tendência regional o aumento de casos de dengue, que indica a proporção tomada pelo desastre, afetando a incidência de dengue também nas regiões a jusante do rio Paraopeba.
Score mews como preditor de eventos adversos em enfermaria de clínica cirúrgica: estudo de coorte prospectivo
Authors: Lopes Nubia Raphaela Silva Prudencio , Machado Juliana Pereira
Published: August 2022

Foi realizado um estudo de coorte prospectivo para avaliar a efetividade do score MEWS como preditor de deterioração clínica na enfermaria de clínica cirúrgica, em um hospital terciário do interior paulista, tendo em vista o pouco acervo de publicações relacionadas ao MEWS nessa população, sobretudo em nosso meio. Foram avaliados 30 pacientes internados, com idade a partir de 18 anos, submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos no geral, exceto cirurgia plástica e pacientes paliativos, e coletados 186 sinais vitais e computados os parâmetros vitais de cada paciente por 3 dias seguidos, de manhã e à noite, por 7 dias, totalizando 10 dias de coleta de dados. Observou-se que os pacientes estáveis que tiveram alta ou permaneceram internados, apresentaram MEWS menor que 3, já os que apresentaram óbito ou transferência para UTI devido piora clínica, apresentaram MEWS maior que 3. Nessa amostra, o MEWS foi preditor de agravo clínico, o que sugere sua boa efetividade e desperta para desenvolvimento de outros estudos. Faz-se necessário refletir sobre a importância dos registros regulares, corretos e completos dos sinais vitais, ressaltando-se a importância do treinamento da equipe para uma eficaz implementação dessa escala. Sugere-se, ainda, analisar criticamente as rotinas e ferramentas utilizadas no registro de sinais vitais, a fim de avaliar também a operacionalidade das ferramentas de suporte a esses registros.
Absenteísmo ocupacional de policiais militares do 6º Batalhão de Polícia Militar do Pará
Authors: Santana Camilo Alberto da Silva Costa , Martins Eduardo Maués , Barbosa Sílvio Gomes
Published: August 2022

Introdução: O absenteísmo laboral tem impacto negativo na produção e no desenvolvimento das atividades da sociedade como um todo. É uma condição que afeta colaboradores e empresas no mundo inteiro, seja em instituições privadas ou públicas, como é o caso dos policiais militares (PM’s), que são alvo desse afastamento laboral, pois são expostos a jornadas e atividades estafantes, física e mentalmente. A DORT (Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho) e a LER (Lesão por Esforço Repetitivo) são patologias que acometem os policiais militares. Objetivo: Definir os motivos de afastamento laboral dos policiais pertencentes ao 6º batalhão de polícia militar do Pará. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de caráter retrospectivo, descritivo, do tipo transversal e de análise quantitativa, no qual através de cálculo amostral foram definidos 165 policiais militares, da ativa, de ambos os gêneros. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos atestados médicos, presentes nas “fichas de alterações” dos policiais militares localizadas no setor de recursos humanos, dos anos de 2018 ao primeiro semestre de 2020, buscou-se também dados como: CID, sexo, patente ou graduação e ano dos atestados. Resultados: Ao considerar as principais formas de afastamento dos PM´s não foram observados altos índices absenteísmo laboral por DORT ou LER, patologias com essas características foram evidenciadas como a quarta maior causa de afastamento. Conclusão: Os acometimentos que afastam os PM´s deste batalhão em sua maioria não são de cunho osteomioarticular, sendo, em sua maioria, Infecções Agudas Das Vias Aéreas Superiores de Localizações Múltiplas não Especificadas e Nasofaringite (resfriado comum).
A visualidade das histórias em quadrinhos para ensino de biologia: o caso do sistema imunológico
Authors: Barros Natália Saran Rando , Ribeiro Iris Dechiaro Passos , Silva Maria Aparecida Alves da , Fernandes Hylio Lagana
Published: August 2022

A pandemia de Covid-19 evidencia retrógrados movimentos antivacina e negacionismo da ciência. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e discutir a produção de Histórias em Quadrinhos (HQ) como material de divulgação científica (DC) sobre o sistema imunológico humano, justificada pela desinformação verificada na população sobre esse tema. O processo de criação de HQ num contexto de DC envolveu vasta pesquisa de trabalhos científicos, para fundamentação conceitual, e obras gráficas para inspiração artística. Os principais desafios  enfrentados foram a adaptação do conteúdo científico para a linguagem HQ de modo a veicular informações fidedignas, mesmo considerando a liberdade artística na antropomorfização das células e criação dos cenários, e a construção de uma visualidade plástica e atraente para representar o organismo e seus sistemas.
Karakteristik Kimia, Mikrobiologi, Sensori Sereal Flakes Berbahan Dasar Tepung Ubi Nagara (Ipomoea batatas L.) dan Tepung Jewawut (Setaria italica)
Authors: Putri Ratna Ariani Nilateja , Rahmi Alia , Nugroho Agung
Published: August 2022

Sereal flakes merupakan produk sereal sarapan praktis yang diolah dari serealia seperti beras, gandum, jagung, dan umbi-umbian. Sereal flakes biasa dinikmati bersama dengan susu, air, atau yoghurt. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat kimia, mikrobiologi, dan sensori produk sereal flakes dari ubi nagara dan jewawut yang merupakan bahan dari sumber daya lokal Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 2 ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah komposisi tepung ubi nagara dan tepung jewawut yaitu sebesar (75:25), (50;50), dan (25:75). Sereal flakes ubi nagara dan jewawut diuji kadar proksimat (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar karbohidrat), kadar serat kasar, TPC, dan sensori (hedonik dan skoring). Berdasarkan pengamatan, sereal flakes dengan konsentrasi (25:75) merupakan perlakuan terbaik kandungan nutrisi dengan kadar air 0,55%, kadar abu 2,24%, kadar protein 11,40%, kadar lemak 20,70%, kadar karbohidrat 65,13%, kadar serat kasar 6,76%, kalori 492,29 kal/100g, dan TPC 8,5x101 koloni/ml. Dari ketiga perlakuan dinyatakan baik/layak untuk dikonsumsi karena masih memenuhi syarat mutu dari sereal SNI 01-42017-1996. Sedangkan biaya produksi untuk sereal flakes ubi nagara dan jewawut dengan formulasi (75:25) sebesar Rp.13.295,00/100g, formulasi (50:50) sebesar Rp.14.337,25/100g, dan formulasi (25:75) sebesar Rp.15.379,50/100g.
ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH DAN KELAYAKAN USAHA KERIPIK SINGKONG DI UD. SUKMA DESA SUMBER MAKMUR KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT (Analysis Of Added Value And Feasibility Of UD Sukma Cassava Chip Industry In Desa Sumber Makmur Kabupaten Tanah Laut)
Authors: Kiptiah Mariatul , Nuryati Nuryati , Yasir Muhammad Padel
Published: August 2022

ABSTRAK

Keripik singkong merupakan makanan ringan yang bersifat kering dan renyah serta memiliki kandungan lemak tinggi dengan rendah protein dibandingkan dengan beras sehingga banyak digemari oleh semua kalangan. Usaha pengolahan keripik singkong UD Sukma merupakan salah satu usaha rumah tanggga yang memproduksi keripik singkong. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis nilai tambah industri rumah tangga dan kelayakan usaha industri keripik singkong di UD Sukma. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode hayami dengan kelayakan usaha dilihat dari hasil BEP, ROI dan B/C. Hasil penelitian dari analisis nilai tambah keripik singkong adalah sebesar Rp 7.217/kg atau sebesar 54,13% yang menunjukkan bahwa nilai produksinya sangat menguntungkan. Sedangkan Analisis kelayakan usaha didapatkan hasil biaya tetap sebesar Rp. 358.552, biaya tidak tetap sebesar Rp. 2.716.000, harga pokok produksi sebesar Rp. 3.202,66/bungkus, memperoleh omset sebesar Rp. 4.800.000 dengan laba bersih sebesar Rp. 1.701.448, sedangkan BEP produksi pada pemasaran 165,16 bungkus dengan penjualan mencapai sebesar Rp 825.840,81 keripik singkong, hasil ROI mencapai 55,33%, B/C mencapai 1,56, hasil dari perhitungan kelayakan usaha ini sudah memenuhi kriteria yang ditetapkan sehingga dapat dikatakan layak dalam menjalankan usaha.
Analisis Nilai Tambah dan Kelayakan Usaha Vegan Cilok dengan Penggunaan Pewarna Alami
Authors: Zein Mufrida , Nuryati Nuryati , Fitriani Siti
Published: August 2022

Cilok merupakan jajanan khas Bandung, cilok dibuat dari campuran tepung tapioka, tepung terigu, potongan seledri dan bumbu seperti bawang putih, garam serta merica. cilok dapat dibuat dalam berbagai variasi dan modifikasi baru yang salah satunya adalah vegan cilok dengan penggunaan pewarna alami. Pewarna alami yang digunakan dari sayur dan buah seperti buah naga, labu dan bayam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menganalisis nilai tambah dan menghitung kelayakan usaha vegan cilok. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode Hayami dan kriteria kelayakan usaha yang meliputi BEP, ROI, PBP dan B/C. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan, rasio nilai tambah yang diperoleh pada produk vegan cilok komoditas buah naga 90%, labu 87% dan bayam 75% dengan presentase keuntungan yang dicapai masing-masing komoditas yaitu buah naga 12%, labu 18% dan bayam 47%. sedangkan untuk hasil penelitian kelayakan usaha didapatkan hasil BEP sebesar 121, ROI 87%, PBP 1, B/C 3,55, hasil dari perhitungan kelayakan usaha ini sudah memenuhi kriteria yang ditetapkan sehingga dapat dikatakan layak.
Removal of Microorganisms by UVC Radiation From the Air of Hospital
Authors: Dashti Maryam , Dargahi Abdollah , Sadeghi Hadi , Vosoughi Mehdi , Mokhtari Seyed Ahmad
Published: August 2022

Currently, UVC radiation is used in hospitals to eliminate microorganisms and reduce adverse health effects in operating rooms (ORs) and protective environment rooms (PERs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of UVC irradiation on bioaerosols in ORs and PERs. This experimental study was performed in ORs and PERs in a hospital. Bioaerosols were evaluated according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) standard (No. 0800). The samples were collected from indoor air of rooms before irradiation and after UVC(254 nm) irradiation for 20 and 480 minutes. The sample size of the study was determined to be 432 (216 fungi and 216 bacteria). The difference between the mean concentration of bioaerosols in the UVC radiation at two intervals (20 and 480 minutes) was significant, which indicates a decrease in the concentration of bioaerosols by increasing the duration of UVC radiation. Some bacteria, such as group B Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and Listeria, were entirely killed after 20 minutes of irradiation; however, complete removal of the bacteria such as Staphylococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus saprophyticus was observed after 480 minutes of UVC irradiation. Fungi, such as Alternaria, Stofelim, and Mucor had a 100% reduction after 20 minutes of UVC irradiation, and Rhizopus and Aspergillus fumigatus showed a 100% decrease after 480 minutes of UVC irradiation. Other isolated fungi such as Cladosporium, Penicillium, Aspergillus niger, Rhodotorula, and Alternaria showed a decrease of 75%-98.78%. The ultraviolet (UV) sensitivity of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols depends strongly on their type. The results from this study may offer an important understanding of the control of indoor bioaerosols using UVC irradiation and help abate the environmental impacts of airborne microbes.
Assessment of Bed Utilization Indicators of Medicine Ward of a Tertiary Level Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study in Eastern India
Authors: Sarkar Manisha , Dasgupta Urmila
Published: August 2022

Background: Efficient hospital bed utilization is an important function of hospital administrators. Scarcity of beds, overcrowding, and flooring are often the picture of tertiary hospitals. Objectives: This study aims to find out hospital bed utilization indicators such as average daily census, bed occupancy rate (BOR), average length of stay (ALS), bed turnover rate (BTR), and bed turnover interval (BTI) in Medicine ward of a tertiary hospital in West Bengal, India. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in acute male and female as well as chronic male and female wards under medicine department of a tertiary hospital in West Bengal from June to August 2018.The record of active beds, patient days, daily admissions and discharge were reviewed for May 2018 by complete enumeration method from admission, discharge and death registers and recorded in a pre-designed pretested checklist. Average daily census, BOR, ALS, BTR, and BTI were computed using standard formula. Pabon Lasso model was used to analyse the performance of the nedicine ward. Results: Average daily census, ALS, BOR, BTR, BTI in medicine ward were 261.81 patients, 8 days, 108.55%, 4.22 patients/ bed and -0.63 days respectively. Pabon Lasso graph reflected high BOR and high discharges per bed (productivity) in acute medicine wards reflecting good quantitative performance in contrast to chronic medicine wards with low discharges per bed (productivity or BTR) and higher ALS. Conclusion: Medicine ward reflected higher BOR and ALS but lower BTR (productivity) as per the Pabon Lasso graph. Efforts must be made to reduce ALS in chronic medicine wards.
Investigating Fire Protection Condition in the Units of Imam Khomeini Hospital Tehran, Iran
Authors: Fazel Mojtaba , Ardalan Ali , Ostad Taghizadeh Abbas , Yaghoubi Tahereh
Published: August 2022

Background: Various studies indicate that in many cases, fire has broken out in hospitals. Objectives: This study aims to assess fire protection in the selected units of Imam Khomeini hospital located in Tehran, Iran in 2020. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, first, a researcher-made checklist was developed for the data collection by valid scientific resources (CVI=0.90 and CVR>0.62). After revising and the final confirmation of reliability, the checklist was separately completed by two members of the risk management committee in 22 units of Imam Khomeini hospital, Tehran, Iran. Cronbach’s weighted Kappa statistical test was calculated. Results: The domain of Ability and Capability of Fire Prevention was 66.1%; the domain of Responsiveness was 65.1%, and the domain of Urgent Evacuation Ability was 27.3%. In the domain of Responsiveness, the highest scores were relevant to accessing fire extinguishers cylinder in the units (95.5%) and holding fire extinguishing practice courses, and doing seasonal practices with that region’s fire station (90.9% for both). The highest scores in the domain of Urgent Evacuation Ability were assigned to accessing adequate ambulances to evacuate patients (90.9%) and mapping the units as well as determining patient evacuation routes when a fire breaks out (72.7%). Conclusion: The essential protection measures should be taken in order to improve the hospitals’ fire protection by better access to the exits, increasing the number of the exits and standardizing the emergency exits, enhancing the due fire extinguishing practices and hospital evacuation as well as training the staff.
Transfusion-Related Hemochromatosis Involving Pituitary Gland in a Patient of Beta-Thalassemia Major
Authors: Gurung Brikshya , Maheshwari Saurabh , Grewal Darshan Singh , Regmi Pratik , Khadka Ajay
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Hemochromatosis of the pituitary gland is a form of iron overload disease which occurs in different clinical conditions related to multiple blood transfusions. Case Presentation: We present a case of secondary hemochromatosis involving the pituitary gland and choroid plexus in an eightyear-old female with imaging findings and a review of the relevant literature. Our patient has had a history of cessation of growth in height for the last 1 year. She was diagnosed with a thalassemia major at the age of 6 months. She has been on regular blood transfusions since then. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed evidence of iron deposition in the pituitary gland. Conclusion: This diagnosis should be suspected on clinical presentation and history of multiple blood transfusions. It can be confirmed based on characteristic imaging findings. The patient should be strictly monitored with serum iron levels, and a tailored iron chelation therapy should be initiated.
The positive association between various demographic characteristics and peak expiratory flow in employees of Zanjan university of medical sciences
Authors: Ghodrati Samad , Kiasatfar Jafar , Parsamanesh Negin , Alian Samakkhah Shohreh , Asadi-Khiavi Masoud , Pezeshgi Aiyoub
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Peak expiratory flow (PEF) is a reliable criterion for assessing respiratory capacity, and has a wide range of clinical application as a marker of asthma control. However, its wide variability undermines its efficacy. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate PEF changes in staff of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. Patients and Methods: Four hundred employees of this university participated in this cross-sectional study. Their PEF values were measured using peak flow meter in the morning at 8 AM and in the afternoon at 2 PM by three times for each individual, and then the highest amount of PEF was recorded about for measurement. Results: Obviously, PEF values were higher in the afternoon (43865 L/min) in comparison to the morning measurements (404.60 L/min) by paired t test (P<0.001). In addition, mean of PEF in the males was higher than the females in the morning (469.77 L/min, versus 355.94 L/min; independent t test, P<0.001), and also PEF mean of the morning and afternoon was higher in the males than females (404.6 L/min, versus 338.65 L/min, independent t test, P<0.001). Additionally, the variability level in the males and females was 8.39±6 and 8.47±4 L/min, respectively. There was a high correlation between the level of PEF variability and height (5.1). Meanwhile, a moderate correlation between PEF level and body mass index (BMI) was detected (1.47). There was not any correlation between the level of PEF and age. Conclusion: Based on our findings, PEF inter-individual variability depends on age, gender height, and BMI however, it is worthwhile that this PEF inter-individual variability to be measured just until 4 PM. All these variables were obtained under the range of 20%; however, relying on references, the variability of 20% is considered as normal.
Rate of clinically significant prostate cancer on repeated biopsy after a diagnosis of atypical small acinar proliferation
Authors: Yazdani Mohammad , Riahi Samani Payam , Mazdak Hamid , Yazdani Amid
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Current guidelines recommend repeat biopsy within 3-6 months for the diagnosis of atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP) on prostate biopsy. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the rate of progression of ASAP to clinically significant prostate cancer on repeat biopsy specimens and determine prognostic factors associated with progression. Patients and Methods: In a retrospective study we reviewed data of patients who had a prostate biopsy in our institution from March 2014 to March 2018. Gleason grade group (GGG) was conducted for pathology reporting. Logistic regression analysis was conducted for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 981 patients were identified of which 117 (12%) of them had a diagnosis of ASAP on their index biopsy. Out of these 16 (14%) patients underwent re-biopsy. Baseline clinicopathologic factors included a median age of 61 years, median pre-biopsy prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 6.75 ng/mL and a mode of 1 core with ASAP. Median time interval between index and repeat biopsy was 10.5 months. The results of repeat biopsies were distributed across GGG system as follows; 12(75%) benign, 2 (12.5%) GG1, 1 (6.25%) GG2, and 1 (6.25%). We found no association between age, pre-biopsy PSA, and number of cores with ASAP, and progression of ASAP to clinically significant prostate cancer. Conclusion: Our study showed that patients with a diagnosis of ASAP are more likely to have a benign pathology on repeat biopsy. This finding supports previous studies regarding rethinking current guidelines for utility of repeat biopsy in patients with the diagnosis of ASAP.
Effects of Radiotherapy in Combination With Irinotecan and 17-AAG on Bcl-2 and Caspase 3 Gene Expression in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Ebrahimpour Mahnaz , Mohammadian Mahshid , Pourheydar Bagher , Moradi Zhino , Behrouzkia Zhaleh
Published: August 2022

Introduction: In this study, the cytotoxic and anti-cancer effects of Irinotecan as a conventional chemotherapeutic agent compared to 17-(allyl amino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) as possible radiosensitizers in the HCT-116 cell line were investigated. Methods: HCT-116 cells were treated with various concentrations of irinotecan and 17-AAG and also irradiated with a 2-Gy of X-ray radiation. Then, the cell viability was examined by a water-soluble tetrazolium-1 assay after 24 hours. For single therapies and double and triple combination cases, IC50, 0.5×IC50 and 0.25×IC50 concentrations of each drug were selected respectively for a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay and other tests. In treated and untreated cells, the caspase 3 and Bcl-2 gene expression ratios were evaluated by the real-time PCR method. Likewise, caspase 3 activity was detected with a colorimetric assay. Results: In all combined treatments, including 17-AAG- radiation, irinotecan - radiation, irinotecan -17-AAG, and irinotecan-17-AAG-radiation, decreased cellular viability and increased TUNEL positive cells were presented versus the control group (P<0.05). There were increased TUNEL positive cells in the triple combination, in concentrations of 0.25×IC50 of each drug, in comparison with single and double agent treatments. Moreover, in triple combination, the caspase 3 mRNA level and caspase 3 activity increased versus related single treatments. Likewise, in the irinotecan-17-AAG-radiation combined treatment and the 17-AAG-radiation double treatment, the Bcl-2 gene expression level decreased in comparison with single therapies. Conclusion: It can be indicated that the combination of chemo-radiotherapy versus single treatments has significant anti-cancer effects.
Different Protocols of Combined Application of Photobiomodulation In Vitro and In Vivo Plus Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Improve the Healing of Bones in Critical Size Defects in Rat Models
Authors: Khosravipour Armin , Mostafavinia Atarodalsadat , Amini Abdollah , Gazor Rouhallah , Zare Fatemeh , Fallahnezhad Somaye , Rezaei Fatemehalsadat , Asgari Mehrdad , Mohammadian Fatemeh , Mohsenifar Zhaleh , Chien Sufan , Bayat Mohammad
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Long bone segmental deficiencies are challenging complications to treat. Hereby, the effects of the scaffold derived from the human demineralized bone matrix (hDBMS) plus human adipose stem cells (hADSs) plus photobiomodulation (PBM) (in vitro and or in vivo) on the catabolic step of femoral bone repair in rats with critical size femoral defects (CDFDs) were evaluated with stereology and high stress load (HSL) assessment methods. Methods: hADSs were exposed to PBM in vitro; then, the mixed influences of hDBMS+hADS+PBM on CSFDs were evaluated. CSFDs were made on both femurs; then hDBMSs were engrafted into both CSFDs of all rats. There were 6 groups (G)s: G1 was the control; in G2 (hADS), hADSs only were engrafted into hDBMS of CSFD; in G3 (PBM) only PBM therapy for CSFD was provided; in G4 (hADS+PBM in vivo), seeded hADSs on hDBMS of CSFDs were radiated with a laser in vivo; in G5 (hADSs+PBM under in vitro condition), hADSs in a culture system were radiated with a laser, then transferred on hDBMS of CSFDs; and in G6 (hADS+PBM in conditions of in vivo and in vitro), laser-exposed hADSs were transplanted on hDBMS of CSFDs, and then CSFDs were exposed to a laser in vivo. Results: Groups 4, 5, and 6 meaningfully improved HSLs of CSFD in comparison with groups 3, 1, and 2 (all, P=0.001). HSL of G5 was significantly more than G4 and G6 (both, P=0.000). Gs 6 and 4 significantly increased new bone volumes of CSFD compared to Gs 2 (all, P=0.000) and 1 (P=0.001 & P=0.003 respectively). HSL of G 1 was significantly lower than G5 (P=0.026). Conclusion: HSLs of CSFD in rats that received treatments of hDBMS plus hADS plus PBM were significantly higher than treatments with hADS and PBM alone and control groups.
Photobiomodulation and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Ulcers in a Patient With Thrombocytopenia Following Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Campos Luana , Campanhã Daniel , Tateno Ricardo Yudi , Palma Luiz Felipe
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is usually seen after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and may favor the development of oral bleeding, infections, and ulcerations. Case Report: A patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia had been submitted to allogeneic HSCT. Within a few days, she developed severe thrombocytopenia and an extensive ulcerative area comprising both lips, which bled spontaneously, as well as smaller ulcers on the tongue mucosa. The lesions were managed using a combination of phototherapies (photobiomodulation and antimicrobial photodynamic therapies), totalizing 4 laser sessions. After 4 days, there was an important reduction in the severity of the lesions, with spontaneous disappearance of the crusts and reepithelization. Conclusion: The proposed combination of phototherapies would be a suitable therapeutic modality for the management of oral lesions related to platelet disorders induced by oncologic treatments.
Comparing the Surface Behavior of Conventional and CAD-CAM Feldspathic Porcelains in the Face of Laser-Assisted Bleaching and Post-bleach Polishing
Authors: Amirpour Harehdasht Solaleh , Zeighami Somayeh , Chitsaz Foujan , Ghodsi Safoura
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The prevalence of using different esthetic methods increases the possibility of close contact between them with potential adverse interactions. This study aimed to compare the surface changes (microhardness and roughness) in two types of feldspathic porcelain after laser bleaching and post-bleach polishing. Methods: 12 standardized rectangular specimens were prepared for each porcelain group (conventionally layered and CAD-CAM milled). Vickers microhardness and roughness were evaluated before and after the bleaching procedure and after polishing. Data were statistically analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and t test (P<0.05). Results: The surface roughness of both groups increased significantly after laser bleaching (P<0.001 for conventional and P=0.004 for CAD-CAM porcelains). The polishing process reduced the roughness of both groups; the reduction was significant in conventional specimens (P=0.020). The surface hardness values did not change significantly in the groups after bleaching and post-bleach polishing stages (P=0.142). Generally, the average surface roughness of CAD-CAM specimens was significantly lower (P<0.001), and the surface microhardness of the CAD-CAM group was significantly higher than conventional porcelains (P=0.011). Conclusion: Laser bleaching significantly increased the surface roughness of feldspathic porcelains; however, it did not affect the surface microhardness significantly. Unlike CAD-CAM specimens, polishing significantly improved the surface smoothness of conventional porcelains.
Effect of Simvastatin and Low-Level Laser Therapy on Sutural Bone Formation After Expansion in Rats: Biomechanical, Computed Tomography and Immunohistochemical Assessment
Authors: Farzan Arash , Moshiri Ali , Andalib Sina , Shamsi Mostafa , Motamed Nima
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The application of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and some medications have been shown to accelerate bone formation in rapid palatal expansion (RPE). A combination of these two therapeutic modalities may reduce the time required for the retention period. This study sought to assess the effects of simvastatin and LLLT, alone and combined, on sutural bone formation in rats. Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats averagely weighing 150 g were divided into five groups (n=12) of control (group 1), 5 mg simvastatin (group 2), 10 mg simvastatin (group 3), LLLT (group 4), and LLLT plus 10 mg simvastatin (group 5). The expansion appliance was placed in the parietal bone in all groups. One week after placing the appliance, the spring was fixed with Duralay acrylic resin to serve as a retainer during the rest of the experiment. The rats were sacrificed after 30 (for biomechanical and computed tomography [CT] assessments) or 60 days (for biomechanical, CT and immunohistochemical [IHC] assessments). Results: Groups 3 and 4 showed a significant improvement in osteogenesis (confirmed by CT findings, histological analysis and biomechanical test) compared to the control group. Group 5 was significantly superior to all other groups in terms of all parameters (P<0.001). Group 2 and the control group were not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusion: Although LLLT, simvastatin treatment and the combination of both significantly improved sutural bone formation in rats compared to the control group, the combined treatment showed significantly superior clinical results compared to other interventions.
Laser-Assisted Lip Repositioning Surgery: A Modification to The Conventional Technique
Authors: Flórez Pilar Rocío Blanco , Guzmán Jessica Alvis , Orozco Páez Jennifer
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The lip repositioning surgical technique arose with the objective of correcting and harmonizing the act of smiling. Since the conventional technique was published, some modifications of the technique have been proposed in order to counteract postoperative recurrence and to achieve the best esthetic appearance of the smile. The objective of this paper was to describe the laser-assisted lip repositioning technique (laser-assisted LRS) with a 940nm diode laser and 2780nm Er,Cr: YSGG, as a modification to the conventional lip repositioning technique, for the treatment of a gummy smile. Case Report: The proposed technique consists in achieving the descent of the upper lip by removing the intraoral mucosal band through the laser peeling of oral mucosa, preserving the connective tissue intact for healing by secondary intention. The technique was implemented in two patients with a diagnosis of a gummy smile caused by a short and hyperactive upper lip; the healing process was satisfactory, and there was no bleeding or postoperative edema. Postoperative controls were performed at 3 and 10 months, and no recurrence was found. Conclusion: the 940nm Diode laser or 2780nm Er,Cr: YSGG laser-assisted lip repositioning technique described here is less invasive than that performed with a conventional scalpel, offers aesthetic results, lower risk of infection and recurrence of the gummy smile in the long term.
Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of natural products use on blood pressure in Iran
Authors: Azadbakht Mohammad , Fatahian Alireza , Yousefi Seyde Sedighe , Moosazadeh Mahmood , fakhri moloud
Published: August 2022

Background: Today, hypertension is a significant public health problem globally, widely recognized as a major risk factor for death. Blood pressure-lowering herbal medicines and natural products have been used for centuries. The protocol aims to determine the effect of natural product use on blood pressure in Iran using data from previously published randomized controlled trials. The current protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis is designed to determine the effect of natural product use on blood pressure in Iran. Methods: The protocol is developed using PICO (participants, interventions, comparisons, and outcomes) items to assess the effect of natural products on blood pressure reduction in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in Iran. Specific MESH terms will be used to search Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register for randomized controlled clinical trials, as well as national databases such as Barekat Gostar, SID, Magiran, and IranDoc. The I2 index and the Q-test will be used to examine heterogeneity in the effect sizes of individual studies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) of RCTs will be reported per Cochrane guidelines, and all forms will be based on validated Cochrane templates. Discussion: This protocol will detail the effects of natural products (interventions) in comparison to a placebo or other control group (comparators). Registration: The current protocol was also registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021231837, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=231837, Date: February 18, 2021).
Clinical audit; freehand renal biopsy, still a suitable method?
Authors: Garozzo Maurizio , Pagni Fabio , L'Imperio Vincenzo , Battaglia Giovanni Giorgio
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Freehand renal biopsy represents a valid alternative to the most widespread ultrasonography-guided technique, although some concerns can derive from the possible increased complication rate and lower adequacy rate. Objectives: In the present audit study, efficacy of freehand method have been established through the analysis of 328 consecutive renal biopsies in 322 patients, instead the safety of the procedure was assessed in 196 patients. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed hospital databases of all patients who underwent a percutaneous renal biopsy over an 18 years’ period at Santa Marta and Santa Venera hospital in Acireale. Results: The procedure led to a definitive diagnosis in the majority of cases (98.48%), being uninformative only in 5 out of 328 cases (1.52%). Comparing these results against a Proforma, resulting from analysis of best literature reports for the items studied, adverse event rates were similar. Conclusion: Freehand renal biopsy resulted a good option to obtain renal tissue, without serious side effects. We argue about safety and we prefer to reserve this invasive procedure to selected cases, avoiding renal biopsy if biochemical and instrumental data allow a definitive diagnosis as well as in high risk patients. Our policy protects patients from the adverse effects that can result from kidney biopsy.
Take a closer look at TINU syndrome; analysis of a case
Authors: Carias Eduarda , Cabrita Ana , Neves Pedro Leão , Silva Ana Paula
Published: August 2022

Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU) combines tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis and is a known cause of kidney failure in children and adults. This is a challenging diagnosis since renal and ocular manifestations may not occur simultaneously and may be present in several alternative diagnosis. The authors report the case of a 28-year-old patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) and biopsy-proven acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Bilateral symptomatic uveitis presented six months after the initial presentation. Physicians in charge of patients with kidney disease attributed to acute tubulointerstitial nephritis must bear in mind the need for ophthalmologic surveillance for at least one year post-diagnosis. Although a diagnosis of exclusion, its incidence may be higher than described. Kidney disease is believed to be self-limited and prognosis still, most patients will require systemic therapy and relapses are common.
A renal transplant patient with COVID-19 presented with acute cellular rejection
Authors: Soleimani Neda , Mohammadzadeh Sahand
Published: August 2022

A 27-year-old man underwent a deceased kidney transplant. Three days after transplantation, COVID-19 was diagnosed for our patient. Immunosuppressants were reduced and a renal biopsy was conducted, which showed acute T cell-mediated rejection. We intened to share a case to help clinicians to understand the risks that kidney transplant recipients face.
Risk stratification and long-term kidney survival in IgA nephropathy with particular emphasis on Oxford classification; A narrative review
Authors: Hechanova Lisa Aimee , Mubarak Muhammed , Jahangiri Dorsa , Bilbao Jorge , Mostafavi Leila , Sadighpour Tella , Tolouian Ramin
Published: August 2022

Introduction: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common forms of glomerulonephritis worldwide. It leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in many patients. At the time of diagnosis, risk stratification is of paramount importance in planning proper management in individual cases. Several studies have been conducted to determine the utility of various demographic, clinical, laboratory, and pathological features on renal biopsy to stratify the risk of disease progression and predict the likely outcome. This review summarizes the emerging data on demographic, clinical, laboratory, and histological prognosis along with risk factors associated with renal outcomes in patients with IgAN. Methods: For this review, we searched DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals), PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar, using keywords including; "IgA nephropathy," "IgA nephritis," "IgAN," "Berger’s disease," "Berger’s syndrome," "chronic glomerulonephritis, "prognostic factors," "risk factors," "risk stratification," "renal survival," "ESRD," "MEST classification," "MEST-C classification" and "Oxford Classification." To identify other relevant studies, we manually scanned the bibliographic lists of the identified studies and reviewed articles from January 2009 through December 2020. All relevant articles were carefully reviewed, and relevant information was extracted for this narrative review. Results: A total of 152 articles were retrieved from the above literature database searches. The abstracts were carefully reviewed to identify 35 articles containing information on prognostic factors and longterm renal survival in IgAN patients. Relevant information was collected and summarized for this review. The main focus was on using demographic, clinical, and laboratory features, especially serial changes in these parameters during follow-up, for this purpose. Recently a standardized, evidencebased formulation has been devised to evaluate and categorize pathological features on renal biopsy to augment and refine the risk stratification and prognostic value of traditional risk factors; it is popularly known as the Oxford classification of IgAN. There have been numerous validation studies in various ethnic groups that have proven its clinical utility. Conclusion: In conclusion, the clinicians should also take into account the pathologic variables according to the revised Oxford classification in addition to demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters for early and reliable risk stratification and prognostication in individual patients at the time of diagnosis in IgAN for optimal management and ultimate improvement in long-term outcomes.
Prevalence of parasitic contamination of edible vegetables in Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Pourahmad Morteza , Nikokar Fatemeh , Tavakoli Sanaz , Hejazi Seyed Hossein , Yousefi Ali , Aria Amir , Momenzadeh Mahnaz
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Today, the parasitic contamination of edible vegetables, which are usually consumed raw, is one of the important issues of human societies. Parasitic contamination has been repeatedly identified in previous studies on edible vegetables. Due to the changes in farmers’ behavior regarding the use of fertilizers for agricultural land fertility over recent years, some changes have certainly happened in the contamination level of these crops, which are investigated in this study. Objectives: The present study seeks to examine the changes in the infection of vegetables caused by the use of chemical fertilizers as an alternative to animal and human excretion for the fertilization of cultivatable soil. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using the descriptive cross-sectional method in Isfahan, Iran. In this regard, 70 samples from 10 types of edible vegetables, including leek, basil, mint, spring onion, radish, parsley, lettuce, cress, tarragon, and coriander, were prepared from 70 vegetable shops of the city. Each sample was placed in a separate bag and evaluated after washing, centrifugation, sedimentation, and staining. Eventually, the results were reported as descriptive statistics. Results: None of the prepared samples were contaminated with the pathogen parasite in the present study. Conclusion: Due to the change in farmers’ behavior concerning fertilization of agricultural products, it seems that the parasitic contamination of these products has lowered, and it is necessary to focus on other contaminants of these products, such as chemicals.
Time to Kidneys Failure Modeling in the Patients at Adama Hospital Medical College: Application of Copula Model
Authors: Shewa Firomsa , Endale Selamawit , Nugussu Gurmessa , Abdisa Jaleta , Zerihun Ketema , Banbeta Akalu
Published: August 2022

Background: Kidney failure is a common public health problem around the world. The vast majority of kidney failure cases in Sub-Saharan African nations, including Ethiopia, go undetected and untreated, resulting in practically certain mortality cases. This study was aimed primarily to model the time to (right and left) kidneys failure in the patients at Adama Hospital Medical College using the copula model. Study design: A retrospective cohort study. Methods: The copula model was used to examine join time to the right and left kidneys failure in the patients by specifying the dependence between the failure times. We employed Weibull, Gompertz, and Log-logistic marginal baseline distributions with Clayton, Gumbel, and Joe Archimedean copula families. Results: This research comprised a total of 431 patients, out of which, 170 (39.4%) of the total patients failed at least one kidney during the follow-up period. Factors such as sex, age, family history of kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity were found to be the most predictive variables for kidney failure in the patients. There was a 41 percent correlation between the patients’ time to the right and left kidneys failure. Conclusion: The patients’ kidney failure risk factors included being a male, older adult, obese, hypertensive, diabetic and also having a family history of kidney disease. The dependence between the patient’s time to the right and left kidneys failure was strong. The best statistical model for describing the kidney failure datasets was the log-logistic-Clayton Archimedean copula model.