bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Azerbaycan’da Mersin Balığı Değer Zincirinin Ağ Etkinliğinin Tahmin Edilmesi
Authors: AKBAROV Farid , YILDIRIM Çağatay
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı mersin balığı yetiştiriciliğinde önemli ülkeler arasında yer alan Azerbaycan’da yetiştiricilik yoluyla elde edilen mersin balığı eti ve havyarının değer zincirini incelemek ve toplam ağ etkinliğini tahmin etmektir. Araştırma verileri Azerbaycan’da lisansı olarak mersin balığı yetiştiriciliği yapan 4 işletmeden ve ürünlerin tüketiciye ulaştırılması sürecinde değer zincirinde yer alan aynı sayıdaki aktöre uygulanan anketlerle elde edilmiştir. Mersin balığı yetiştiriciliği yapan işletmelerin genel özellikleri tanımlayıcı istatistiklerle belirlenmiştir. Mersin balığı eti ve havyarının değer zinciri haritası oluşturulmuş ve Porter modeli kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Değer zincirinin etkinliği ağ VZA modeliyle tahmin edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları ile, üreticilerin mersin balığı ürünleri değer zincirlerine en yüksek katkıyı yapmasına rağmen, değerden aldıkları payın düşük olduğu, balık etinde bunun negatif değerlere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Piyasa türüne göre ağ etkinlik skorları arasında fark olduğu, dış piyasa değer zincirlerinin, iç piyasa kıyasla ağ etkinlik seviyesinin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Mersin balığı ürünlerinin değer zincirlerinde payların adil dağılımına odaklanan eğitim programının zincir boyunca tüm aktörlerin iş birliği ile bütüncül bir şekilde yürütülmesi hem ağ etkinliğinin hem de zincirlerin her aşamasındaki aktörlerin toplam ağ etkinliğinin artırılmasına olumlu katkı sağlayabilir.
Derivation analysis of a discrete-time SIS epidemic model with extension of Markov Chain and logistic map
Authors: Wang Mingjie , Cheng Yuze , Wang Yihan , Zhao Jiaming , Zhu Siyu
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the rampant spread of diseases has led to considerable impacts on human society. Limiting such spread requires the formulation of quantitative studies to understand the dynamics of infection and to study the effect of preventative and counteractive action. In 1911, scientists constructed differential equations to study the spread of malaria and found that at a critical mosquito population level the spread of the disease would be limited. This also became the basis for the later dynamics of infectious diseases. This research aims to dynamically analyze the spread of the virus by establishing a mathematical model and assigning specific values to the influencing factors to discuss the relationship between the person who infects others and the infected person. The ultimate goal is that the spread of the disease can be effectively suppressed in a specific proportion of people.

Keywords: dynamics of infectious diseases, infected-uninfected relationship.
Advancements of ”CAPTAIN” in Plants Conservation Compared to Traditional Techniques
Authors: Deng Chuyu , Lau Pui Lam , Liang Xianhua , Lin Meifu , Zhu Qiwen
Published: December 2023

The rapid decline in plant diversity has become a pressing issue with significant implications for humanity. Numerous methods and technologies are being developed to address this problem. Traditional methods, primarily based on statistical analysis, are being used alongside modern conservation methods that leverage AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology. Among many conservation approaches, we compare the traditional and modern methods to find out how AI has been involved. Based on our research, two traditional models have been chosen for this report. Marxan has been widely used since it was developed. Based on the IUCN Red List database, PACA accelerates plant extinction risk assessments. However, these models have some limitations, including unsuitability for rapid and urgent conservation management, poor adaptability, etc. In contrast, CAPTAIN, based on artificial intelligence technology, not only overcomes the limitations of traditional models but also offers advantages such as non-locality and upgradability. By analysing the differences and correlations between statistical technology and AI technology, we aim to enhance our understanding of the advancements of AI in plant conservation and summarize their development status and prospects.
Aplicación de los biosurfactantes en la vida diaria
Authors: Domínguez-Rivera A. , Saucedo-Castañeda G.
Published: December 2023

Los surfactantes microbianos, son metabolitos secundarios producidas por bacterias, levaduras y hongos filamentosos. Debido a las propiedades funcionales conferidas por su naturaleza anfipática y su disposición estructural, exhiben una variedad de propiedades fisicoquímicas, que incluyen una excelente actividad superficial, una concentración micelar crítica eficiente, propiedades humectantes, capacidades de formación de espuma y microemulsiones, además de presentar actividades biológicas como antibacterianos, antifúngicos, antipelículas, anticancerígenos, inmunomoduladores y neurológicos, lo que los convierte en productos valiosos para posibles aplicaciones biomédicas y farmacéuticas y en una realidad comercial en productos cosméticos y de cuidado personal.
Education And Innovation in Management of Underweight Toddlers by Provision Banana Smoothies (Smotbanlit) in Kedoya Utara, Jakarta
Authors: Azzahroh Putri , Gustianingsih  , Salvianti Efti , Rachmasari Bella , Suryanti  , Aquarini  , Kartika Maudy Lila
Published: December 2023

Background: Community service is an activity that aims to help the community in several activities without expecting rewards in any form.

Purpose: The purpose of community service is to educate mothers about the importance of paying attention to their child's weight.

Method: The way community service works is by collecting data, determining problem priorities, preparing educational materials, demonstrations of making innovations, then conducting direct counseling to groups of mothers who have toddlers at RT 08 Kedoya Village. Evaluation is carried out by discussion or question and answer.

Result: Based on the results of the implementation of community service counseling, there were 5 mothers who had toddlers with substandard nutritional status (BGM) and 11 additional participants including lecturers, midwives and cadres. This activity is carried out together with the team. The participants were very active during the activity with a question-and-answer session. The participants were also willing to accept innovation in the form of toddler banana smoothies (SMOTBANLIT).

Conclusion: Providing innovation of toddler banana smoothies to improve digestion so that appetite increases so that they can increase the weight of toddlers with substandard nutritional status.
Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (Washing Hands with Soap) with a Peer Group Support Approach to the Community
Authors: Afandi Alfid , Nur Kholid Rosyidi Muhammad , Kurniawan Dicky Endrian , Kurniyawan Enggal Hadi
Published: December 2023

Background: Healthy living behavior is an important activity to be carried out by all levels of society at large. So that in carrying out daily activities can avoid diseases caused by a lack of personal hygiene. In the process of carrying out clean and healthy living behavior activities such as washing hands with soap, not a few people feel bored. The side effect that will be obtained because of this activity is a decrease in work motivation from the community. So, it needs a particular activity to overcome this problem. One of the activities that can be carried out is to provide a support system for fellow citizens in carrying out clean and healthy living behaviors, namely washing hands with soap.
Objective: To increase an individual health status will particularly impact community groups and the country.
Method: This activity is carried out at least once a week by gathering and telling about daily activities, which always start with washing hands.
Result: Mutual support between people working more often outside the home can provide new motivation and enthusiasm for doing their job and a clean and healthy lifestyle. Health education with a peer support approach to the community is more interesting.
Conclusion: It has more enthusiasts, so the community will be more obedient to the agreed rules, namely carrying out clean and healthy living behavior activities that can optimize the performance of each individual.
RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Authors: Aliyev R.R. , Shiraliyeva R.K.
Published: December 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune-inflammatory disease that causes widespread neurodegeneration in central nervous system. The prevalence of MS is increasing worldwide, and the cause of the disease is still unclear. However, the role of a number of factors in developing MS has been studied. These include genetic factors, race and ethnicity, Epstein-Barr virus infection, geografic latitude, ultraviolet exposure, migration, low blood levels of vitamin D, female gender, diet, obesity, smoking, occupational exposure to toxic substances, stress, mycoplasma pneumonia infection, etc. The proposed literature review discusses studies on the study and prevention of risk factors for MS.
ASTHENONEUROTIC SYNDROME AS A MANIFESTATION OF IRON DEFICIENCY
Authors: Shatokhin Yu.V. , Snezhko I.V. , Ryabikina E.V. , Degtereva E.V.
Published: December 2023

Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are common conditions that lead to reduced physical and mental performance. ID may be accompanied by symptoms of astheno- neurotic syndrome and the severity of its manifestations are determined by the severity of ID. Considering the prevalence of iron deficiency conditions, the multifactorial nature of their development, it is advisable to study the exchange of Fe in patients suffering from astheno- neurotic syndrome. Taking Fe preparations, in addition to correcting latent ID or IDA, in most cases leads to a decrease and in some cases to relief of manifestations of astheno-neurotic syndrome.
NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE 1. CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Shiraliyeva R.K. , Mammadbayli A.K. , Asadova U.A.
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the topic covered in the article is related to the fact that doctors have little knowledge about this nosology. For this reason, a timely and incorrect diagnosis can result in wrong treatment, reduce the patient's quality of life and even lead to death. The diagnosis of the patient we investigated was determined according to the clinical criteria developed by the National Institute of Health of the United States. If genetic examination is not performed, the established diagnosis can be considered justified. It is imperative that several medical professionals (neurologist, traumatologist, ophthalmologist, surgeon, pediatrician, gynecologist, etc.) are aware of a disease like neurofibromatosis (NF). Basing on the clinical criteria developed by the US National Institutes of Health provides favorable conditions for diagnosing patients.
LATERAL AMYOTROPHIC SCLEROSIS IN THE PRACTICE OF A CARDIOLOGIST
Authors: Khorolets E.V. , Shlyk S.V.
Published: December 2023

Comorbid pathology affects the course and outcome of the disease. The observation of a patient after acute myocardial infarction with the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a special case. The progression of neurological symptoms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis leads to decompensation of respiratory and heart failure and an unfavorable outcome of the disease.
NEURAL REGULATION OF MASTICATORY FUNCTION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE VIOLATION OF THE CHEWING PROCESS
Authors: Huseynova R.N.
Published: December 2023

The article describes the neural regulation of the chewing function and its influence on the violation of the chewing process. The central and peripheral mechanisms of the nervous regulation of the chewing function. The large role of the trigeminal nerve, the sensory fibers of which provide signals from the fields of organs and tissues of the oral cavity and muscle spindles of the masticatory muscles. The violation of the neural regulation of this mechanism leads to pathologies of the organ's oral cavity and violations of the chewing process.
MYELOPROLIFERATIVE DISEASES AS A CAUSE OF ACUTE CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT
Authors: Shatokhin Yu.V. , Snezhko I.V. , Ryabikina E.V. , Degtereva E.V.
Published: December 2023

Among the hemorheological forms of thrombophilia, chronic myeloproliferative diseases (CMPD) play an important role: polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, primary myelofibrosis, the complications of which are arterial and venous thrombosis, including acute cerebrovascular accident (ACV). Identification of changes in the hemogram in such patients requires a thorough examination to exclude CMPD: monitoring of hemogram parameters in dynamics, hemostasiological examination, and determination of the level of erythropoietin, spleen size, and molecular-genetic study. Patients with chronic MPD and stroke need to start cytoreductive therapy (α-interferons, hydroxyurea) in a timely manner, conduct active long-term antithrombotic treatment (anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents) in order to prevent thromboembolism and improve the prognosis of the disease.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN THE CITY OF BAKU
Authors: Guliyeva A.I. , Shiraliyeva R.K. , Hasanov R.L. , Sadykhova Z.M.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, which ranks the second place according to the frequency of disability among young people with neurological disorders. At present, there has not been made any large-scale epidemiological study on the epidemiology of MS in Azerbaijan. The purpose of the research is to study the prevalence and incidence of MS among residents of Baku city. Material and Methods. The material of the research was 559 patients. There were 392 (70%) females and 167 (30%) males. The final diagnosis of MS was made according to the 2010 McDonald criteria. Results. The prevalence of MS was 10.2 patients per 100000 people in 2013. From 2014 to 2019, there was an increase in prevalence from 12.3 to 23.3/100000. The prevalence of MS among men and women was statistically significantly different by statics and came to 2.3:1. The incidence of MS from 2013 to 2020 remained relatively stable at the rate of 2.1-2.9 per 100,000 people. The incidence rate of women in the period of 2013-2019 increased over the years from 2.7 to 3.7, as to men it had a downward trend from 2.1 to 0.9 per 100,000 people. The incidence of MS had the highest representation in the age groups of 20-29 and 30- 39. Conclusion. According to the prevalence of MS, the city of Baku corresponds to the geographic zones of medium risk. The increase in the prevalence of MS from 2013 to 2019 with women occurs at a higher rate than with men. The incidence rate of MS in Baku remains relatively stable at 2.1-2.9 patients per 100,000 people. The incidence of MS in the number of people aged from 20 to 40 prevails in all the years studied.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF TIME PERCEPTION WITH WORKING MEMORY IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Authors: Deveci E.E. , Saraydar O. , Aksu S. , Kutlu G.
Published: December 2023

Objectives. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by neuroinflammation of the central nervous system leading to progressive demyelination, loss of axons, and neurodegeneration. Meta-analyses have shown a cognitive impairment with a moderate effect size between healthy volunteers and MS patients, most apparently in working memory (WM), attention, and processing speed. It has recently been found that the perception of time has also been impaired in MS patients. This study aims to examine the relationship between WM and time perception in individuals with MS. Methods. Letter Number Sequencing Test (LNST), Time Interval Estimation Test, and Time Interval Production Test (TIPT) were administered to 50 MS patients. Individuals were allocated into low and high WM groups according to the median value of the LNST total score to compare time perception performance. Results. The mean age of the sample was 39.2. In the sample consisting of 14 male and 36 female participants, the mean number of educated years was 10.7 years, the age of disease onset was 31.9 years, and the duration of the disease was 7.2 years. A correlation was found between TIPT Ratio for 4 seconds and WM as well as disease severity. 29 people were in the low WM group and 21 people were in the high WM group. Age, age of disease onset, and the number of educated years were found to be higher in the high WM group. The TIPT Ratio for 4 seconds was lower in the high WM group. Conclusion. Consistent with the literature, a relationship was found between WM and time perception in individuals with MS in the 4 seconds, in which WM is considered to have a crucial role. The production of a 4- second interval was considered to be used as a marker reflecting both disease severity and WM capacity.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF CX3CL1 ON IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN RELAPSING REMITTINGAND SECONDARY PROGRESSIVE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PATIENTS IN TERMS OF THE POSSIBILITY OF A BIOMARKER
Authors: Irkech C. , Kuz T. , Eruyar E. , Fidan I.
Published: December 2023

Objectives. CX3CL1 is a unique chemokine with direct relationship with its receptor to reduce expression of proinflammatory genes inactivated microglia.It is constitutively expressed by healty neurons and defined as neuroimmune regulatory protein.CX3CL1/CX3CR1signaling has been linked to human neurodegeneration. Under physiological conditions, disruption of this signaling leads to impairments inmotor learning, cognitive function, and synaptic plasticity. CX3CR1 also plays a role in the regulation of hippocampal-dependent memoryformation.Our aim in this study is to evaluate the role of CX3CL1 on immunopathogenesis and cognitive functions in Relapsing Remitting (RRMS) and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS) patients in terms of biomarker possibility. Methods. Eight RRMS, 24 SPMS and 30 healty controls have been participated in this study. RRMS and SPMS were diagnosed according toMc Donald 2017 criteria. The degree of neurological deficits were assessed by EDSS.Serum levels of CX3CL1 were measured by ELISAmethod.The severity of cognitive impairment in patients were evaluate with MoCA test.Statistical analysis were performed using the IBMSPSS21. Results. When the RRMS, SPMS and control groups were compared,it was observed that the serum CX3CL1 levels in the SPMS groupwere decreased statistically significant.In addition,there was a positive correlation between MoCA score and serum CX3CL1 level in thepatients with RRMS and SPMS. Conclusion. Cytokines and chemokines play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.Amongchemokines, serum levels of CX3CL1 was reported to be elevated in RRMS patients. However, it has not been observed in patients SPMS. CX3CL1 is an intrinsic neuroprotective chemokine and inhibitor against neurotoxicity. According to the results of our study, thedecrease in serum CX3CL1 levels serum CX3CL1 supports the development of neurodegeneration related neuroinflammation. In addition, thepositive correlation of MoCA test with CX3CL1 levels suggests that it has an important role in cognition. As a result, our study shows that CX3CL1 can be used as an early biomarker associated with disease progression and cognition, additionally it will be promising newtherapeutic target.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN A CHILD. CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Mammadbəyli A.K. , Aliyeva S.E.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) is defined as MS with onset before 18 years of age, using the 2017 McDonald Criteria. 3-5% of all MS cases have pediatric onset. Mean age of onset in POMS is 11 years, however, most patients are older than 15. There is a known female predilection for MS, although not in the younger than 11 years age group. Materials and methods. Our article presents a clinical case of MS in children. We think that this information will be interesting for neurologists and pediatricians. Results. Our patient is a boy 13 years, born from the 3 pregnancy, 3 birth. His development was appropriate for his age. There is no patient with multiple sclerosis in the offspring. Symptoms started with blurred vision in one eye when he was 11 years old. He was under the supervision of a neurologist and received treatment. His condition has stabilized. Symptoms repeated after 6 months. In addition to the weakness of vision, there is also a difficulty in performing precise movements. In neurological status: Pupils reaction to light was preserved. Left-sided oculomotor deficiency is noted. Swallowing and hearing N. In the motor sphere: peripheral muscle tone D=S, hypotonia, reflexes D=S, hyperreflexia, muscle strength D=S, normal. Reflexogenic zones in the lower limbs have expanded. Sensory system without any changes. He is unstable in the Romberg state. In finger- nose test intentional tremor is seen. Brain MRI: active demyelinating lesions (largest 14x8) in supratentorial and infratentorial region. Spine MRI: contrast enhancing demyelinating lesions in C1 and C5. 3 months later, an increase of demyelinating lesions was noted in the MRI examination of the brain and spinal cord. Ophthalmologist's examination: retrobulbar neuritis. LP: Oligoclonal band was positive. General and biochemical analysis of blood was normal. Conclusion. There is quite a lot of information about multiple sclerosis in adults in the literature. However, it has not been adequately studied in children. Thus, we believe that studying the characteristics of the course of multiple sclerosis in the pediatric population is important and of social importance.
RADIATIONINDUCED CENTRAL DEMYELINATING LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY
Authors: Eruyar E. , Irkech C.
Published: December 2023

Background. Great improvement in survival has resulted from the contemporary treatment of cancer.However, this has been associated with the appearance of various previously unobserved neurological complications that have recently been reviewed.That radiotherapy is responsible is suggested by many features.Leukoencephalopathy appears after a quite regular delay following irradiation.They electively involve the endothelial cells with a break down of the blood-brain barrier, fibrinoid necrosis, perivascular exudation and mononuclear infiltration leading to foci of myelin destruction of different ages. Case. A 63 year old male patient was diagnosed with metastatic small cell lung cancer 20 months ago, and cisplatin+vepesid chemotherapy is started.At the 6th month of the treatment, prophylactic intracranial radiotherapy is given 3 times with an interval of 2 months. After the treatment,he had oversleeping,sluggishness, and epileptic seizures.Diffuse T2 hyperintensities were observed in the Cranial MRG taken.There was no pathology to explain the situation in the blood tests of the patient with diffuse slowing in his EEG.The patient was started on antiepileptic and steroid treatment and was followed up. Conclusion. Clinically there is progressive psychomotor deterioration.Convulsions are very rare and were seen in our patient.The MRG pattern was also very characteristic in our case especially affecting the white matter.In our case,the striking white matter predominance of the lesions was clearly shown in the pons where circumscribed areas of demyelination affected the ponto-cerebellar fibres whereas the neurons of the pontine nuclei were spared.That radiotherapy is responsible is suggested by many features.As in the cases of De Vivo et al,Rosemberg and Bleyer and Griffin,leukoencephalopathy appears after a quite regular delay following irradiation.The lesions are limited to the irradiated brain and spare the unirradiated spinal cord.The frequency of leukoencephalopathy increases with increasing doses of irradiation.This case suggests Demyelinating Leukoencephalopathy with clinical and radiological findings, biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis.
Anomaly of the biliopancreatic junction with associated hepatic duct anomaly – a rare case report
Authors: Bansal Lalit Kumar , Kamal Anubhav , Singhal Annu
Published: December 2023

Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) or anomaly is defined as an anatomical maljunction of the biliary duct and pancreatic duct outside of the duodenal wall beyond the influence of the sphincter of Oddi. Children with this anomaly can present with choledochal cyst with recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis, and condition can be worse when not treated appropriately. Pancreaticobiliary maljunction or anomaly is considered to be a major risk factor for biliary tract cancer. In patients with this anomaly, free reflux of pancreatic juice into biliary tract may cause biliary tract damage, resulting biliary malignancy can occur. Therefore, in this condition total excision of the extrahepatic bile duct with hepaticojejunostomy is recommended. Early diagnosis of this condition and early surgical treatment is the mainstay to prevent further complications. Proper follow-up is necessary to detect biliary tract malignancy in early post-operative period, especially in patients demonstrating post-operative complications. Here we are describing a young boy with an abnormal pancreaticobiliary junction (PBM) with choledochal cyst associated with hepatic duct anomaly and biliary and pancreatic stones causing recurrent attack of acute pancreatitis.
Axillary Arch (Langer’s Arch) in an 80 year-old White Male Cadaver
Authors: Sheridan Ariana , Wind Gary , Granite Guinevere
Published: December 2023

Recognizing the presence of an Axillary arch (Langer’s arch or muscle) can be important for clinical associations, such as when patients present with compression neuropathies and syndromes related to the upper extremity. Its presence is also relevant during surgical interventions involving the axillary fossa, such as sentinel node biopsy axillary lymph node dissection and pectoralis muscle flaps. While neglecting to identify variations rarely leads to an increase in mortality, it is essential to identify for clinical relevance. It is similarly important to anatomical instructors in the education of future medical providers. During cadaveric dissection of fifty cadavers, we observed a unilateral Axillary arch (Langer’s arch or muscle) found on the left side of an 80 year-old White Male cadaver inserting onto the tendon of the pectoralis major muscle. This anatomical variation is commonly referenced in the literature for its clinical significance. Operating surgeons, vascular interventionalists, and oncologists should be aware of this anatomical variant as it occurs while treating diverse patient populations.
Cadaveric Study: An Honour and a Privilege
Authors: Scagnetti Ian
Published: December 2023

With the auspicious beginning of this new journal, it is important to recognize and celebrate the continued examination of human anatomy and the wild variation that occurs in each of us.
Duplicated Palmaris Longus Muscle With Insertion Onto The Transverse Carpal Ligament: A Case Report
Authors: Caulkins R. Mark , Scogin William , Powell Maegan , McKeon Kathleen E. , Washmuth Nicholas
Published: December 2023

The palmaris longus muscle is one of the most anatomically variable muscles in the human body, with incidence ranging from 0-63.9%. While these anatomical variations are typically benign, they are of clinical importance as they can contribute to neurovascular and biomechanical dysfunction. We report here a duplicated palmaris longus muscle with an insertion onto the transverse carpal ligament found during cadaveric dissection in a graduate anatomy course for physical and occupational therapy students.
Supraclavicular Nerves: Is There a “Safe Zone” for Surgical Fixation of the Clavicle? A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Van Phung Thao Minh , Killingback Alban , Hamilton Duncan Lee , Adds Philip
Published: December 2023

Objectives The supraclavicular nerve (SCN) supplies the skin over the clavicle and proximal chest. The unpredictable branching pattern of the SCN within the posterior triangle of the neck makes it susceptible to damage during open fixation of clavicle fractures. Resultant iatrogenic injuries can lead to paraesthesia and neuroma over the clavicle. The position of the SCN branches in relation to clinically appreciable landmarks has not hitherto been described. The aim of this study was to identify the precise location of the SCN branches in relation to the acromioclavicular (AC) and sternoclavicular (SC) joints. Methods Ten soft-embalmed cadavers, donated under the Human Tissue Act (2004), were carefully dissected along the superior border of both clavicles to identify the SCN branches. The distance from each branch of the SCN to the SC and AC joints was measured. Results The SCN was found to comprise either 2 branches (8/20), or 3 branches (12/20). No branches were found within 2.6 cm and 2.9 cm of the SC and AC joint, respectively. Between these two “safe zones”, the locations of the branches varied significantly. Conclusions No safe zone was identified in the mid-clavicular region. Hence, meticulous dissection is required here to preserve the SCN branches.
Intussusception: Lab Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Ochieng John Juma
Published: December 2023

Objective: Intussusception is the invagination of a proximal portion of the gastrointestinal tract into an adjacent distal portion. This unusual form of bowel obstruction occurs less frequently in adults. We report a case of small bowel intussusception in a 39-year-old African male cadaver in the cadaveric laboratory in the, Department of Human Anatomy at, Uzima University. We have also performed a literature review of this rare condition. Method: Student cadaver groups at Uzima University were assigned with a ratio of 8:1 meaning that eight students received one cadaver to work on. There were a total of nine cadavers. One out of the nine assigned specimens had a lead point in the ileocecal valve resulting in ileocecal intussusception upon dissection. Results: At the ileocecal junction, an intussuscepted distal small bowel was discovered. We concluded it to be an ileocecal intussusception. Conclusion: The rarity of intussusception in adults makes it an exceptional finding in standard anatomy laboratory. Intussusception can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. Surgeons should consider intussusception as a severe cause of intestinal obstruction and consequently, anticipate different clinical presentations. Diagnosis of intussusception is difficult to make without surgery, therefore, surgeons need to familiarize themselves with different imaging modalities.
Variation of Myotendinous Junction with Muscle’s Tensile Strength: A Case Report
Authors: Kundu Aditya , Bhadoria Pooja
Published: December 2023

It was hypothesized that the complexity and arrangement of Myotendinous Junction of a muscle will be dependent on its usage (on a daily basis) and tensile strength. The more used muscle should have a sharper MTJ. In this study, three muscles were chosen namely- Soleus, Gastrocnemius and Plantaris. These muscles highly differ on their tensile strength. On histological study similar results were observed.
Sternalis Muscle: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Chinelatto Lucas , Hojaij Flavio Carneiro , Carvalho Jade Verena Terra , Cabral Gabriela da Silva , Rodrigues Luana Queila , Akamatsu Flavia Emi , Jacomo Luiz Alfredo
Published: December 2023

Introduction and Objective: The sternal muscle is a rare anatomical variation found in the anterior chest wall. This study's objective was to make a narrative review of the anatomical and epidemiological aspects of the sternal muscle, as well as to present its finding in one of this group’s dissections. Materials and Methods: This study consisted of a literature review using Pubmed and LILACS platforms. Articles were analyzed regarding incidence, laterality, action, innervation, and vascularization of the sternal muscle. We also present a case report based on a cadaveric dissection of the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (HCFMUSP). Results: Our review included 22 articles. The anatomical variation incidence ranged from 1.96% to 5.55%, with a higher predominance of a bilateral presentation. The action of the sternal muscle is predominantly accessory and there are divergences in the literature regarding its innervation and vascularization. Our case reports the finding of a unilateral sternal muscle in the left paramedian line inserted in both sternocleidomastoid muscles, in a female patient. Conclusion: The sternal muscle has a small incidence in the population and it is usually bilateral. The anatomical knowledge of this muscle is important to prevent it from being confused with other structures commonly found in the chest and cervical region. Significance/Implication: The importance of sternal muscle importance cannot be overlooked due to possible misinterpretations in imaging and its possible influence on mastectomies. Wider case series are necessary for a better definition of its irrigation and innervation.
Rare Cadaveric Finding of a Horseshoe Kidney in the Presence of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Yee Eun , Asbury Celine , Bailey Gabriel , Mull Madelyn , Rajesh Archa , Taylor Alexander , Newell Savannah , Zarenko Kristina
Published: December 2023

Horseshoe kidney is a congenital malformation that occurs during gestational development as a result of the fusion of the parenchyma of both kidneys at their lower poles. This leads to the malrotation of the urinary tract and abnormal renal vasculature. The co-existence of horseshoe kidney and abdominal aortic aneurysm is rare; it is found in approximately 1 in 700 autopsied cases and only 0.12% of patients undergo surgical repair of the abdominal aortic aneurysm. Both horseshoe kidney and abdominal aortic aneurysm usually present asymptomatically, and diagnosis may be made by physical examination, incidental findings on imaging, or during post-mortem examination. Furthermore, physicians face a great challenge in the medical and surgical management of these conditions due to the lack of standard guidance. In this article, we present a cadaveric case of a horseshoe kidney accompanied by an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The case report will demonstrate and categorize the horseshoe kidney with the Eisendrath system as type II and III classification, as well as discuss anatomical variations and medical management of the co-existence of a horseshoe kidney and abdominal aortic aneurysm.
A Case Series Cadaveric Study on Acquired and Congenital Azygos Venous System Variations
Authors: Mouawad Maroutcha , Newell Savannah , Cheverko Colleen
Published: December 2023

The azygos venous system holds essential clinical relevance as it can provide collateral circulation in cases where the superior and inferior vena cava become obstructed. Additionally, it is important in imaging and mediastinal procedures because variations in this system may be confused with pathology. In this study, the azygos system of 31 embalmed anatomy donors was dissected, analyzed, and classified according to the Anson McVay system and Dahran and Saomes subclassification. Out of 31 donors, one (3.22%) donor was classified as Type I, 27 (87.09%) were Type II, two (6.45%) were Type III, and one (3.22%) was unobservable. These values closely replicated values previously reported in literature; however, four subjects exhibited variations that are rare or not previously reported in literature. In this paper, we describe those rare cases and consider their development and clinical relevance.
Additional Tendon Slip of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus: A Case Report with Clinical Application
Authors: Bowers Song N , Henry Davis , McGuire Reed , Murphy Caitlin , Sims Abbie , Caulkins R Mark , Blake Dana Daniel , Scogin William M , Bowens Andrea N , McKeon Kathleen E , Washmuth Nicholas
Published: December 2023

Additional tendon slips of the extensor carpi radialis longus are rare anatomical variants, with incidence ranging from 12-35%. While this anatomical variant is typically benign, it is clinically important as it can contribute to neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction. Medical providers should be aware of variations of the wrist extensors during surgeries involving the forearm and wrist. The presence of additional tendons may cause confusion when interpreting imaging findings. This case report details findings of an additional wrist extensor tendon identified during a cadaveric dissection lab in a physical therapist education program.
Congenital Vertical Talus
Authors: Hegazy Abdelmonem Awad Mustafa , Hegazy Mohammad Abdelmonem
Published: December 2023

The talus is a very important bone in the foot skeleton. It represents the connection between the leg bones and the other bones of the foot. Its normal anatomy is correlated to its good function. The bone may be exposed to congenital anatomical variations and deformities, including congenital vertical talus (CVT), which affect the shape and movements of the foot. Although CVT is rare, it is important to keep in mind the possibility of CVT when examining a foot defect in newborns to avoid neglecting its treatment and subsequent complications and to avoid extensive surgical intervention.
RISK FACTORS OF URETHRAL STRICTURE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Andhika S Teguh
Published: December 2023

Background: Urethral stricture in males is a narrowing of the anterior urethra caused by fibrosis and cicatrisation of the urethral mucosa and adjacent spongiosus tissue ("spongiofibrosis"). In the male posterior urethra, there is no spongiosus tissue; therefore, stenosis is the preferred term.  Understanding the risk factors of urethral strictures may be amenable to preventive measures resulting in a decrease in disease severity and health care expenditure.
Aim: This study aims to summarize and assess the risk factors of urethral stricture through a comprehensive systematic review.
Methods: A systematic search strategy was conducted across several electronic reference databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar) and included articles published between 2013–2023. Duplicate publications, review articles, and incomplete articles were excluded.
Results: The databases search identified a total of 16.645 articles (Table 1) and resulted in 16.155 articles after duplicates removed. Of these, 15.955 articles were excluded due to non-original study and titles and abstract not represented the focus of interest; and resulting in 200 articles for screening process. Articles not evaluating the focus of interest and articles in which full-text are not available are excluded, resulting in 15 articles for eligibility criteria. Among them, 10 articles did not give sufficient details about the risk factors of urethral stricture and some did nit differenriate clearly between the risk factors of urethral stricture and recurrence of urethral stricture. Hence, we found 5 appropriate studies included.
Conclusion: The risk factors of urethral stricture in this study includes the dose of brachyterapy for prostate cancer patients, lower resection speed of BPH, prolonged operative time, intraoperative urethral mucosa rupture, post-operative continuous infection, the diameter of the instrument, presence of chronic prostatitis in anamnesis, increased volume of the prostate, repeated drainage of the bladder using the urethral catheter, high comorbidity burden, second TURP surgery, history of preoperative catheter insertion, high postoperative WBC, and long postoperative catheterization time.
Neotropical Primates
Authors: Mittermeier Russell A.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
La primatologia en Colombia
Authors: Amaya Jaime A. Umaña
Published: December 2023

Colombia por su ubicación geográfica, posee una diversidad faunística, florística y fisiográfica de las más ricas del neotrópico. Considerando una revisión más reciente, que incluye nuevas especies encontradas y adiciona las observaciones hechas en zonas fronterizas, se reportan para el pais 12 géneros con 28 especies de primatas no humanos distribuídos por familias así: Familia Callitrichidae - dos géneros con siete especies; Familia Callimiconidae - una especie; y Familia Cebidae - nueve géneros con 20 especies. Sólo Brasil, con 16 géneros, 68 especies y una area territorial 6,5 veces mayor, es el único país neotropical que nos supera en espécies de primatas.
Primate conservation in eastern Brazilian Amazonia
Authors: Lopes M. Aparecida , Ferrari Stephen F.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Field studies on tamarins, Saguinus mystax and Saguinus fuscicollis, in northeastern Peru
Authors: Heymann Eckhard W.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Research on golden-headed tamarins at Antwerp zoo
Authors: De Bois Helga , Van Elsacker Linda
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Mixed-species Saguinus groups at Belfast Zoological Gardens
Authors: Hardie Scott M. , Day Richard T. , Buchanan-Smith Hannah M.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Recovery and release of an infant muriqui, Brachyteles arachnoides, at the Caratinga Biological Station, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Nogueira Cláudio P. , Carvalho Ana Rosi D. , Oliveira Lúcio P. , Veado Eduardo M. , Strier Karen B.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Muriquis at the Rio de Janeiro Primate Centre
Authors: Coimbra-Filho Adelmar F. , Pissinatti Alcides , Rylands Anthony B.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
A case of geophagy in the black howling monkey Alouatta caraya
Authors: Bicca-Marques Júlio César , Calegaro-Marques Cláudia
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Conservacion del mono capuchino de margarita (Cebus apella margaritae) en la Isla de Margarita, Venezuela
Authors: Sanz Virginia , Márquez Luis
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Nuevos registros de Saguinus tripartitus en la Amazonia Ecuatoriana
Authors: Albuja Luis
Published: December 2023

No abstract
São Francisco Xavier: a new site for primatological research and conservation in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Antonietto Luiz Alberto , Mendes Francisco Dyonísio Cardoso
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Infanticide in the brown howler monkey, Alouatta fusca
Authors: Galetti Mauro , Pedroni Fernando , Paschoal Maristela
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Revegetation of deforested areas in the Poço das Antas Biological Reserve, Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Pessamílio Dionizio M.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Inventory and conservation status of wild populations of golden-headed lion tamarins, Leontopithecus chrysomelas
Authors: Pinto Luiz Paulo de S. , Tavares Luciano I.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Evaluation of community-based conservation education: a case study of the golden-headed lion tamarin education program in the state of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Nagagata Elizabeth Yoshimi
Published: December 2023

No abstract
The conservation biology of the black lion tamarin, Leontopithecus chrysopygus: first ten years’ report
Authors: Valladares-Padua Claudio , Padua Suzana M. , Cullen Jr. Laury
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Environmental education and the black lion tamarin, Leontopithecus chrysopygus
Authors: Padua Suzana M.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
The Superagiii National Park: problems concerning the protection of the black-faced lion tamarin, Leontopithecus caissara
Authors: Vivekananda Guadalupe
Published: December 2023

No abstract
La diversidad de platirrinos fosiles en la Patagonia
Authors: Tejedor Marcelo Fabián
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Howler subgroups as homeostatic mechanisms in disturbed habitats
Authors: Jones Clara B.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Muriquis in the Itatiaia National Park, Brazil
Authors: Câmara Ibsen de Gusmão
Published: December 2023

No abstract
El comercio de primates en la Republica Argentina
Authors: Bertonatti Claudio
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Conservacion de Cacajao calvus ucayalii em la Amazonia Peruana
Authors: Aquino Rolando
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Differing responses to a predator (Eira barbara) by Alouatta and Cebus
Authors: Phillips Kim
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Cytogenetic studies in the family alouattinae
Authors: De Oliveira Edivaldo H. Corrêa
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Geographic distribution of night monkeys, Aotus, in northern Brazil: new data and a correction
Authors: Silva Jr. José de Sousa e , Nunes Andrea , Fernandes Marcus E. B.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Pole bridges to avoid primate kills: a sequel to Valladares-Padua et al.
Authors: Cuarón Alfredo D.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Habitat and distribution of the buffy- tufted-ear marmoset Callithrix aurita in São Paulo state, Brazil, with notes on its natural history
Authors: Olmos Fábio , Martuscelli Paulo
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Reintrodução: uma ferramenta conservacionista ou brinquedo perigoso?
Authors: Magnusson William E.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
1994 International studbook for the golden-headed lion tamarin
Authors: De Bois Helga
Published: December 2023

No abstract
EEP studbook for the emperor tamarin
Authors: Ruivo Eric Bairrão , Silveira Cristiane
Published: December 2023

No abstract
A study on the behavior of adolescent female muriquis
Authors: Printes Rodrigo C.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Chromosomal relations and phylogenetic and phenetic analyses in the callitrichidae
Authors: Nagamachi Cleusa Yoshiko
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Editorial
Authors: Mittermeier Russell A. , Rylands Anthony B. , Rodriguez-Luna Ernesto
Published: December 2023

No abstract
A new system for classifying threatened status
Authors: IUCN Species Survival Commission
Published: December 2023

The IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) of the World Conservation Union (IUCN) recently published the official text which provides information on, and the definitions for, the new threatened status categories adopted by IUCN at the 40th Meeting of the IUCN Council, Gland, Switzerland. The evaluation of the status of animal and plant species is one of the principal tasks of the SSC Specialist Group network, and for this reason we are publishing the text in its entirety.
On the geographic distribution of the red-handed howling monkey, Alouatta belzebul, in north-east Brazil
Authors: Coimbra-Filho Adelmar F. , Câmara Ibsen de Gusmão , Rylands Anthony B.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Chromosomal variation in Alouatta fusca
Authors: De Oliveira Edivaldo Herculano C. , De Lima Margarida Maria C. , Sbalqueiro Ives José
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Molecular phylogeny of the callitrichinae
Authors: Barroso Carmem Maria Leitão
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Vocal communication studies at the University of São Paulo
Authors: Mendes Francisco D. C.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
The early development of behavior and independence in howler monkeys, Alouatta palliata mexicana
Authors: Lyall Zoe S.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Relative reproductive success in the mantled howler monkey: implications for conservation
Authors: Jones Clara B.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Workshop científico sobre a Mata Atlântica
Authors: Pinto Luiz Paulo de Souza
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Population viability analysis - VORTEX Listserver
Authors: Lacy Robert C.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
An unusual primate community at the Estação Ecológica Serra Dos Três Irmãos, Rondônia, Brazil
Authors: Ferrari Stephen F. , Neto Ernesto H. Cruz , Iwanaga Simone , Corrêa H. Kátia M. , Ramos Paulo C. S.
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Wild primates - natural reservoirs of thermotolerant Campylobacters in eastern Peru
Authors: Tresierra-Ayala Alvaro , Espinoza Freddy , Bendayán María E. , Bernuy Alfonso , Romero Róger Ruiz
Published: December 2023

No abstract
Urban monkeys - Alouatta fusca in the municipality of Porto Alegre
Authors: Buss Gerson
Published: December 2023

No abstract
The Mamiraua Sustainable Development Reserve: a new category of protected area in the Brazilian amazon
Authors: Masterson Donald
Published: December 2023

No abstract