bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highly efficient parallel design of Dilithium on GPUs
Authors: Zhao Xinying , Wang Baocang , Zhao Zhen , Qu Quanbo , Wang Leizhang
Published: December 2022

Confronted with severe challenges from quantum computers on public-key cryptography based on traditional number theory, post-quantum cryptography (PQC) has received a substantial amount of attentions. However, suffering from time-consuming polynomial operations, most post-quantum schemes cannot be really applied in practice, especially in high-concurrency scenarios. In this paper, we focus on the post-quantum signature algorithm, DILITHIUM, and present an optimized and highly parallel implementation on Graphics Processing Units (GPU). We give two optimized versions, named single mode and batch mode. In the scheme of single mode, we show efficient implementations of number theoretic transformations (NTT) and other polynomial operations adapted to the scheme. In the batch mode, we improve the reject sampling algorithm for the simultaneous processing of multiple sets of data. Finally, we implement our schemes on GPUs with different architectures, such as Pascal, Volta, and Turing, which shows that the speedup ratio of our schemes increases with the increasing of processed data number. The speedup is up to 11.18× for 15360 groups of data in our experimental environment. In the single mode, We can achieve a speedup of more than 4× for complex operations, such as NTT and its inverse. Other simpler operations such as reduce, caddq and decompose can also achieve an acceleration of 2× ~ 4×. In comparison with the original DILITHIUM scheme testing in the high-performance CPU 6133, our scheme finally has a 1.22× speedup even after taking the communication overhead between CPU and GPU into consideration.
Modification and verification of soil-snow module of INM RAS climate model
Authors: Chernenkov Alexey Yu. , Volodin Evgeny M. , Kostrykin Sergey V. , Tarasevich Maria A. , Vorobyeva Vasilisa V.
Published: December 2022

This paper describes the modification of land snow cover module of INM RAS climate model. The possible liquid water content in the snow layer and refreezing of melt water are taken into account by modified version of the model. This is especially important for transition season modelling, because of this phenomenon is observed mainly during the formation and melting of the snow cover, when surface temperature fluctuates around 0 °C. Simulation of snow density evolution is also added. The snow model is verified on observation and reanalysis data, including with using the ESM-SnowMIP-like protocol. As a result of these updates, mean climate snowmelting periods according to INM RAS climate model are refined, particularly in middle and high latitudes. Snow covered area reproduction is also improved. Modified version of snow model on the land can be used coupled with albedo model of a snow-covered surface, which takes into account snow metamorphism, and it can also be applied for sea ice case.
Magnetic CuFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles highly dispersed on coal-based activated carbons: a recoverable catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol, congo red, and rhodamine B
Authors: Zhang Biao , Tang Yakun , Gao Shasha , Wang Shan , Liu Lang
Published: December 2022

Here, we report a simple co-precipitation and heat treatment routine for preparing CuFe2O4/activated carbons (AC) magnetic catalyst assisted by trisodium citrate (TSC), in which CuFe2O4 nanoparticles are uniformly distributed onto coal-derived activated carbons (AC). The CuFe2O4/AC nanocomposites exhibit brilliant catalytic performance for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) in comparison with previous reported catalysts. Furthermore, it was found that the nanocomposite can effectively degrade anionic and cationic dyes (rhodamine B and congo red) in wastewater. Importantly, the CuFe2O4/AC catalyst can be facilely separated by the external magnetic field and revealed favorable stability. The excellent catalytic activity of the CuFe2O4/AC catalyst can be mainly attributed to the synergistic coupling between the coal-based activated carbon (AC) with a high surface area and CuFe2O4 nanoparticles with a small size. The combination of co-precipitation and heat treatment can be applied in preparing other catalysts used in the industry.
The neuroendocrine correlates of song behavior in a finch species with extensive male and female song
Authors: Rose Evangeline M. , Haakenson Chelsea M. , Patel Aliyah , Gaind Shivika , Shank Benjamin , Ball Gregory
Published: December 2022

Birdsong is a relatively well-studied behavior, both due to its importance as a model for vocal production learning and as an intriguing complex social behavior. Until the last few decades work on birdsong focused almost exclusively on males. However, it is now widely accepted that female song not only exists, but is fairly common throughout the oscine passerines. Despite this, and the large number of researchers who have begun exploring female song in the field, researchers in the lab have been slow to adopt model species with female song. Studying female song in the lab is critical for our understanding of sex differences in the physiology controlling this fascinating behavior. Additionally, as a model for vocal production learning in humans, understanding the mechanistic and neuroendocrine control of female song is clearly important. In this study, we report neuroendocrine correlates of female song in the red-cheeked cordon bleu (RCCB), a finch species with extensive female song. Specifically, we focused on characterizing song rate and circulating hormone levels, as well as nuclei volumes and cell densities within the song control system (SCS). Additionally, we report on motor-driven expression of the immediate early gene ZENK in the SCS of male and female RCCBs.
Tumor growth ameliorates cardiac dysfunction
Authors: Awwad Lama , Shofti Rona , Haas Tali , Aronheim Ami
Published: December 2022

Heart failure and cancer are the leading cause of deaths worldwide. The diseases share common risk factors, survival pathways and death signals. Recent studies suggest that these diseases are highly connected and affect each other outcome. Murine models for cardiac remodeling and heart failure including: myocardial infraction, pressure overload, cardiac hypertrophy, and chronic hypertension promotes cancer progression and metastasis spread. In addition, heart failure patients have increased risk to develop cancer. Nevertheless, no information is available whether and how tumor progression affects cardiac remodeling. Here we examined cardiac remodeling processes in the presence and absence of tumor. We show that tumor-bearing mice display reduced cardiac hypertrophy, lower fibrosis, and improved cardiac contractile function. While the adaptive immune system is not involved, we found that innate immune cells play a major role. We identified that the cardiac macrophage population undergoes tumor dependent M1 to M2 polarization. Importantly, tumor-bearing mice lacking functional macrophages fail to improve cardiac function and display sustained fibrosis. This is the first study showing the double-edged sword interaction between cancer and heart failure. While heart failure promotes tumor growth, cancer improves cardiac outcome. Harnessing cancer paradigms that are involved in the tumor to heart beneficial outcome may provide novel therapeutics strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
Seven Études on dynamical Keldysh model
Authors: Efremov Dimitri , Kiselev Mikhail
Published: December 2022

We present a comprehensive pedagogical discussion of a family of
models describing the propagation of a single particle in a
multicomponent non-Markovian Gaussian random field. We report some exact
results for single-particle Green’s functions, self-energy, vertex part
and T-matrix. These results are based on a closed form solution of the
Dyson equation combined with the Ward identity. Analytical properties of
the solution are discussed. Further we describe the combinatorics of the
Feynman diagrams for the Green’s function and the skeleton diagrams for
the self-energy and vertex, using recurrence relations between the
Taylor expansion coefficients of the self-energy. Asymptotically exact
equations for the number of skeleton diagrams in the limit of large
NN
are derived. Finally, we consider possible realizations of a
multicomponent Gaussian random potential in quantum transport via
complex quantum dot experiments.
BİR ANOMİ FORMU OLARAK DEVRİM: DURKHEİM VE SCHOPENHAUER EKSENİNDE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: YENİÇIRAK Hasan
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada devrim kavramını, anomi kavramı bağlamında inceledik. Buna göre çalışmanın temel problematiğini şu şekilde formülleştirmeye çalıştık: Devrim bir anomi formudur. Devrimler Durkheim’ın intiharı gibidir. Her ikisi de toplumsal çöküntünün semptomlarıdır. Böyle bir devrim okuması için ilk olarak anomi kavramını doyurulmamış arzuların sonucu olan ıstırap durumu olarak ele aldık. Bunun için de Durkheim’ın anomi kavramını Schopenhauer’in felsefesi üzerinden yeniden inşa etmeye çalıştık. İnsan ne kadar çok arzu ederse, o kadar çok ıstırap çeker. Schopenhauer’in sınırsız arzu ile ıstırap arasında kurduğu bu ilişki Durkheim’ın anomi kavramsallaştırmasının da bir tasvirini sunmaktadır. Durkheim’ın anomisi sınırsız arzuların yol açtığı bir ıstırap durumudur. İntihar da sınırsız arzunun yol açtığı ıstırabın doğal bir uzantısıdır. Nasıl ki sınırlandırılmamış arzuların yol açtığı ıstırap durumu olarak anomi tecrübesi bireysel düzeyde intihara yol açıyorsa, benzer şekilde sınırlandırılmamış arzuların yol açtığı ıstırap, engelleme durumu da kolektif düzeyde devrime yol açar.
Spatial inequality in safely managed water access in Ghana
Authors: Dongzagla Alfred , Dordaa Felix , Agbenyo Fauster
Published: December 2022

This paper examines inequalities in drinking water access among regions and between urban and rural areas in Ghana with a focus on access to safely managed water service, access to safe water, access to water on premises, access to sufficient quantities of water, and access to improved water. Microdata of the 2017/18 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey was used and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Gini index. Nationally, access to safely managed water service was low (6.8%) with moderate inequality among regions (Gini index = 0.27) and high inequality between rural and urban areas (Gini index = 0.42). Among the 10 administrative regions, moderate inequality was recorded for access to water on premises (Gini index = 0.20), and low inequality for access to safe water (Gini index = 0.117), access to improved water (0.06), and access to sufficient quantities of drinking water (0.02). The results of the study reinforce the call by the United Nations for disaggregation of national data of the Sustainable Development Goals by relevant socio-economic and spatial variables at a subnational level to help in the design and implementation of inclusive and equitable policies.
Application of encapsulated and immobilized nano zero-valent iron for iron removal from roof-harvested rainwater
Authors: Antony Jismy , V. Meera , Raphael Vinod P. , P. Vinod
Published: December 2022

Rainwater harvesting is a viable option for dealing with the global challenge of increasing water scarcity, but heavy metal contamination often prevents it from being widely used for drinking water purposes. Harvested rainwater collected from galvanized iron (GI) and tile roofs containing iron concentration of 0.46 and 0.38 mg/L respectively, were treated by two nano sorbents, CaCO3-nZVI and PUF/CaCO3-nZVI with the intention of making the iron concentration conform to drinking quality standards. The nano sorbents were synthesized and characterized using BET (Brunauer-–Emmett–Teller surface area), SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). CaCO3-nZVI achieved iron removal efficacy of 88.69% and 89.21% for harvested rainwater from GI sheet roof and tiled roof respectively and the efficiency increased to 95.65% and 95.78% when treated with PUF/CaCO3-nZVI. In addition, the nano sorbents were found to have appreciable removal efficiency for other metals (Pb, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd and Cr) present in the collected rainwater. The use of FTIR and EDX to characterise spent nano sorbents divulged that the iron was removed through sorption process. This study thus explored the potential of CaCO3-nZVI and PUF/CaCO3-nZVI for treating heavy metal contamination in roof-harvested rainwater.
Assessing Digital Maturity of State Finance Control Bodies
Authors: Simenko I. V. , Paltsun I. N. , Chausova Ya. S.
Published: December 2022

In order to work out the optimum approach to designing methodology for assessing digital maturity of state finance control (SFC) bodied in the Donetsk Republic the authors researched current approaches and identified their advantages and drawbacks. The article provides the concept of assessing digital maturity of SFC bodies in the Donetsk Republic in the form of the integral model, whose key components are stages of digital maturity, lines of digital transformation and steps of their implementation. Algorithm of integral index was formalized. The proposed methodological approach gives an opportunity to modify the number of particular indices depending on available statistic base; to apply both external and internal sources for calculations; to take into account context factors that could provide appraisal adaptation and regard to risks and susceptibility of SFC bodies to changing conditions; to identify critical spheres; to research evolution of the development of priority lines in digital transformation; to study index dynamics and to take into consideration the degree of importance stages in conducting digital transformation in managerial cycle.
Priorities of Digital Development in Russian Federation Regions
Authors: Asalieva Z. A.
Published: December 2022

Digital transformation of national economy is one of national goals, which aims at improvement of the quality and comfort of life, business development and environment competitiveness. Implementation of the Strategy of Information Society Development in the Russian Federation for 2017–2030 requires well-balanced decisions both on national and regional levels. The development of Russian regions is not homogeneous, each region has its own specificity. Thus digital transformation shall be carried out with due regard to regional specific features and processes. The article analyzes challenges and prospects of implementing digital transformations in Russian regions. As a theoretical and methodological foundation of the research works by Russian and overseas experts in the field of building information society, digital economics and digital state governance were studied. The author uses analytical materials of international expert and analytical organizations, national research institutions, materials of the Federal Service of State Statistics. The research findings can be useful for identifying cause and effect relations and key challenges that face regions in realizing strategy of digital transformation and designing priority principles of digital development on the regional level.
Understanding the Potential Function of Perivascular Adipose Tissue
in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Current Research Status and
Future Expectation
Authors: Liu Xi-Yan , Wen Tao , Wu Ze-Fan , Deng Nian-Hua , Liu Hui-Ting , Ren Zhong , Xiong Wen-Hao , Jiang Zhi-Sheng
Published: December 2022

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a progressive dilatation of the vascular
wall occurring below the aortic fissure, preferably occurring below the renal artery.
The molecular mechanism of AAA has not yet been elucidated. In the past few decades,
research on abdominal aortic aneurysm has been mainly focused on the vessel wall, and
it is generally accepted that inflammation and middle layer fracture of the vessel wall is
the core steps in the development of AAA. However, perivascular adipose tissue plays a
non-negligible role in the occurrence and development of AAA. The position of PVAT
plays a supporting and protective role on the vascular wall, but the particularity of the location
makes it not only have the physiological function of visceral fat; but also can regulate
the vascular function by secreting a large number of adipokines and cytokines. An abdominal
aortic aneurysm is getting higher and higher, with a vascular rupture, low rescue
success rate, and extremely high lethality rate. At present, there is no drug to control the
progression or reverse abdominal aortic aneurysm. Therefore, it is critical to deeply explore
the mechanism of abdominal aortic aneurysms and find new therapeutic ways to inhibit
abdominal aortic aneurysm formation and disease progression. An abdominal aortic
aneurysm is mainly characterized by inflammation of the vessel wall and matrix metalloprotein
degradation. In this review, we mainly focus on the cytokines released by the perivascular
adipose tissue, summarize the mechanisms involved in the regulation of abdominal
aortic aneurysms, and provide new research directions for studying abdominal aortic
aneurysms.
Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, Dynamics and in vitro Evaluation of Novel 2-substituted-1-hydroxyethane-1, 1-bis(phosphonic acid) Derivatives as Human Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase Inhibitors with Expected Anticancer Activity
Authors: Khedr Mohammed A. , Al-Wabli Reem I. , Almutairi Maha S. , Zaghary Wafaa A.
Published: December 2022

Background:

Nitrogenous bisphosphonates (NBPs) are the major class of drugs that are used to treat
osteoporosis. Recently, bisphosphonates (BPs) were reported to have an anticancer effect. These agents feature
a high affinity that enables them to bind strongly to the human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase enzyme. The
correlation between this affinity and their anticancer effect was confirmed.

Objective:

To date, the use of an oxygen atom as an isosteric replacement for the electronegative nitrogen atom
in NBPs has not been reported, and its ability to retain the linker length and bisphosphonate pharmacophore remains
unknown. The main aim of this work was to design some isosteric bisphosphonate analogs with oxygen
atoms and evaluation of their binding affinity and anticancer activity.

Methods:

The binding mode and stability of the designed compounds were achieved using human farnesyl pyrophosphate
synthase (HFPPS) by docking and dynamic simulations. The compounds were synthesized, characterized,
and screened for their anticancer activity against the breast cancer MCF-7 cell line and lung cancer
A-549 cell line. The inhibitory activity of the tested compounds against HFPPS was evaluated.

Results:

The compounds under investigation showed potential anticancer activity against the lung cell line with
IC50 values of 41.7, 47.4, and 34.8 μg/ml in comparison to that of Risedronic acid (115 μg/ml). However, they
do not exhibit potential activity against the breast cancer cell line.

Conclusion:

Compounds VII and VIII showed in vitro inhibition of human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase
with IC50 values of 82.2 and 98.8 μg/ml, respectively. Further optimization may be required in the future.
Marine-derived Natural Products as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Saini Nancy , Sirohi Ritika , A. Anuradha , Saini Neetu , Wadhwa Pankaj , Kaur Paranjeet , Sharma Vikas , Singh Gurdeep , Singh Iqubal , Sahu Sanjeev Kumar
Published: December 2022

Cancer is a deadly human disease on the rise due to changes in lifestyle, nutrition, and
global warming. Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled, disordered, and undesired cell division.
About 60% of cancer medicines approved by the FDA are made from natural ingredients. Intensive
efforts over the last decade to better understand the vast chemical diversity provided by marine life
have resulted in an intriguing "marine pipeline" of potential anticancer clinical and preclinical treatments.
The molecular targets of marine products as anticancer drugs, as well as different reported
compounds acting on distinct targets, are the topic of this review.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Docking Studies of Open-Chain
Carbohydrate Amides as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Authors: Gonçalves-Pereira Rita , Figueiredo Jose A. , Lucas Susana D. , García-Moreno Maria I. , Mellet Carmen O. , Rauter Amelia P. , Ismael Maria I.
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Alzheimer’s disease is a multifactorial syndrome, which is not yet fully
understood, causing memory loss, dementia, and, ultimately, death. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
are the mainstay drugs that are used in disease-symptomatic treatment. In this work, we report a new
synthetic route yielding sugar amides as low to moderate acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.

Methods:

Commercially available diacetone glucose was converted into perbenzyl D-glucono-1,4-
lactone, which reacted with aromatic or aliphatic amines to afford the corresponding new amides in a
high isolated yield. Docking studies of the most promising hydroxybutylamide and benzylamide
were performed to assign binding interactions with acetylcholinesterase and determine the key features
for bioactivity.

Results:

The inhibitors are accommodated in enzyme gorge, blocking the access to Ser203 mainly
due to π-π stacking interactions of sugar benzyl groups with the aromatic gorge residues, Tyr337 and
Tyr341 for both inhibitors and Trp439 only for the hydroxybutylamide.

Conclusion:

Bonding is also significant through sugar interaction with the residues Tyr124 and
Ser125-OH in both inhibitors. Flexibility of these open-chain structures seems to be quite relevant
for the observed binding to acetylcholinesterase.
An In-silico Multi-Targeted Approach in Search of Potential Drug Candidate(
s) Against SARS-CoV-2 Lung Infection
Authors: Pradhan Joohee , Kapoor Kapish , Das Vishnu , Bhatnagar Ayushi , Panchawat Sunita
Published: December 2022

Background:

The multitargeted computational approach for the design of drugs to treat severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lung infection from herbal sources may lead to
compound(s) that is/are safe (derived from natural sources), effective (act on predefined targets) and
broad spectrum (active in both, adult and juvenile population).

Objective:

The present work aims at developing a specific and effective treatment for a lung infection in
both the adult and juvenile population, caused due to SARS-CoV-2 through a computational approach.

Methods:

A systematic virtual screening of 27 phytoconstituents from 11 Indian herbs with antiviral, antiinflammatory,
and immunomodulatory activity was performed. After applying the Lipinski rule of five,
19 compounds that fitted well were subjected to molecular docking studies using Molegro virtual docker
6.0 with two targets viz. SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) (PDB ID 6LU7) and ACE receptor (PDB ID
6M0J). The best-docked complexes were used to develop a merged feature pharmacophore using Ligandscout
software, to know the structural requirements to develop multitarget inhibitor(s) of SARS-CoV-
2. Drug likeliness and ADMET studies were also performed.

Results:

The results revealed that Syringin, a glycoside from Tinospora cordifolia, has a good binding
affinity towards both targets as compared to Remdesivir. Furthermore, drug likeliness and ADMET studies
established its better bioavailability and low toxicity.

Conclusion:

The pharmacophores developed from protein-ligand complexes provided an important understanding
to design multitarget inhibitor(s) of SARS-CoV-2 to treat COVID-19 lung infection in both
the adult and juvenile populations. Syringin may be subjected to further wet-lab studies to establish the
results obtained through in-silico studies.
OKUL ÖNCESİ ÖĞRENME ORTAMLARININ ÇOCUK VE ÖĞRETMEN PERSPEKTİFİNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Durmuşoğlu Mine , Çelikel Büşra , Bilgen Zehra
Published: December 2022

Okul öncesi dönem çocukları ve öğretmenlerinin öğrenme ortamlarına ilişkin değerlendirmelerini incelemek amacıyla yürütülen bu çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim deseninde tasarlanmıştır. Çalışma grubu, ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen, 48-72 aylık 12 çocuktan ve 17 okul öncesi öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilmiş demografik bilgi formları ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler yüzde frekans dağılımları ve içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, mevcut ve hayal edilen öğrenme ortamları betimlenirken; çocukların mekân ve materyallerden bahsettikleri, öğretmenlerin ise ortam, materyal ve eğitim programı konularına değindikleri bulunmuştur. Çocukların okul içinde sınıf, atölye ve öğrenme merkezlerinde; okul dışında ise çoğunlukla park, ev ve doğada etkinlik yapmayı tercih ettikleri görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin, sınıf dışında çoğunlukla fen-doğa ve oyun etkinliklerini tercih ettikleri, okul dışında ise sosyal aktiviteler veya alan gezileri yaptıkları saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar ışığında, okul öncesi öğrenme ortamlarının düzenlenmesinde çocukların ilgileri, ihtiyaçları, fikirleri ve hayalleri göz önünde bulundurularak mevcut öğrenme ortamlarında düzenlemeler yapılması önerilmektedir.
BAĞLAM TEMELLİ SORU OLUŞTURMA AŞAMALARI; ULUSAL VE ULUSLARARASI YAKLAŞIMLARI
Authors: Ayvacı Hakan Şevki , Yamaçlı Selenay
Published: December 2022

Bağlam temelli ders tasarımları fen öğretiminde oldukça önem taşıyan yaklaşımlardan biri olarak ileri sürülmektedir. Bağlam temelli yaklaşımın, öğrencilerin günlük hayatlarında karşılaştıkları olayların, olguların ve problemlerin sınıfa taşınarak fen öğretiminin gerçekleştirilmesini sağlaması ile, öğrencilerin öğrendikleri fen kavramlarının, günlük hayatta nerede karşılaştıkları sorusuna cevap bulmalarını sağlayarak fene karşı olumlu tutum geliştirmelerinde avantajlara sahip olduğu belirtilmektedir. Bağlam temelli yaklaşım ile yürütülecek ders tasarımlarında ölçme değerlendirme sürecinde bağlam temelli sorular, belirlenen hedefe ulaşmada anahtar rolü üstlenmektedir. Bu çerçevede bağlam temelli soruların nitelikleri, bağlam temelli soruların oluşturulması gerekliliği ön plana çıkmaktadır. Ancak, alan yazın incelemelerinde ortak bir bağlam temelli soru oluşturma aşamalarına rastlanmamıştır. Bu eksiklik kapsamında ulusal ve uluslararası alan yazında yürütülen bağlam temelli soru oluşturma aşamaları derlenerek ortak bir bağlam temelli soru oluşturma süreci önerilmiştir. Bu kapsamda betimsel tarama modeli ile araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama süreci çerçevesinde tarama ve içerme ölçütleri kullanılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde çalışmaların ortak noktalarının ve farklılıklarının ortaya çıkartılmasında, çalışmadaki yazarlarla birlikte 3 alan uzmanının görüşleri üzerinden, fikir birliği ve fikir ayrılıkları oluşturulmaya çalışılmış ve bulgulara son hali verilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarında bağlam temelli soruların ulusal ve uluslararası literatürde ortak özelliklerine yer verilmesinin yanı sıra öğrencilerin analizi, günlük hayat problemlerinin belirlenmesi, problem durumlarının fen bilimleri öğretim programı kazanımları ile ilişkilendirilmesi, problem durumlarının örtük olarak verileceği günlük hayat durumlarının yansıtılması için senaryo, olay, hikaye, deney vb. kurguların tasarlanması, öğrencilerin süreç içerisinde bilişsel aktifliği kapsamında yönlendirici soru cümlelerinin oluşturulması ve görselleştirilmesi, değerlendirilmesi, uzman görüşleri ile son halinin verilmesi olmak üzere 8 basamakta bağlam temelli soru oluşturulması önerisi ileri sürülmüştür.
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF QUALITATIVE STUDIES ON IRRATIONAL NUMBERS IN TURKEY: A META-SYNTHESIS STUDY
Authors: Erdem Uzun Özge , Dost Şenol
Published: December 2022

The concept of number, which forms the basis of mathematics, is also an essential part of mathematics education. On the other hand, irrational numbers are one of the number sets that students have the most difficulty making sense of. In this study, descriptive content analysis and thematic content analysis (meta-synthesis) methods were used to determine the current status of qualitative studies on irrational numbers in Turkey, interpret them with a holistic perspective, and present systematic summary information. As a result of the research, although there are many studies in the national field to reveal conceptual knowledge about irrational numbers and to identify misconceptions, the scarcity of reflections on concept teaching has attracted attention. In addition, it has been seen that it will be more effective to emphasize the equivalence of different representations of numbers in instruction and make instructional designs by focusing on the fundamental properties of irrational numbers. The fact that the studies are mainly based on radical expressions, a form of representation, and few reflections on concept teaching, reveals the need for studies that deal only with irrational numbers in learning and teaching processes.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE BİLİNÇLİ FARKINDALIK İLE OTOMATİK DÜŞÜNCELER ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİDE ÖZ ANLAYIŞIN ARACILIK ROLÜ
Authors: Sevilgen Muhammed , Gülfidan Ayşe Nur , Çakmak Tolan Özlem
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinde bilinçli farkındalık ile otomatik düşünceler arasında ki ilişkide öz anlayışın aracılık rolünün olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Bununla birlikte, araştırmanın bir diğer amacı bilinçli farkındalık, öz anlayış ve otomatik düşüncelerin cinsiyete göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığının saptanmasıdır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 268’i (%69.6) kadın 117’si (%30.4) erkek olmak üzere toplam 385 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği”, “Öz Anlayış Ölçeği” ve “Otomatik Düşünceler Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde t testi, Pearson korelasyon analizi ve regresyon temelli bootstrapping yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, erkek öğrencilerin öz anlayış düzeylerinin kız öğrencilere göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, bilinçli farkındalık ile öz anlayış arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Bilinçli farkındalık ve öz anlayış ile otomatik düşünceler arasında ise negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Aracılık analizi sonuçlarına göre; bilinçli farkındalık ile otomatik düşünceler arasındaki ilişkiye öz anlayışın aracılık ettiği belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar ilgili alanyazın ışığında tartışılmaya çalışılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur.
ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ ARİTMETİK ORTALAMA VE AÇIKLIK KAVRAMLARINA İLİŞKİN BİLGİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Yılmaz Nadide , Yetkin İffet
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada öğretmen adaylarının aritmetik ortalama ve açıklık kavramlarına ilişkin istatistiği öğretme bilgilerinin ders araştırması bağlamında incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemi benimsenmiş ve üç son sınıf öğretmen adayı ile çalışılmıştır. Öğretmen adayları üç ders araştırması gerçekleştirmiştir. Bu süreçte veriler, görüşmeler, öğretmen adaylarının hazırladıkları ders planları, video ve ses kayıtları, gözlem ve alan notları ile yansıtıcı günlükler aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerden hareketle öğretmen adaylarının alan, alana ilişkin öğretim ve alana ilişkin öğrenci bilgilerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Bulgular öğretmen adaylarının başlangıçta aritmetik ortalama ve açıklık kavramlarını işlemsel olarak ele aldıklarını, ders plan ve uygulamalarını bu doğrultuda düzenlediklerini göstermiştir. Süreç ilerledikçe bu iki kavramın anlamları üzerine yoğunlaşmışlar diğer istatistiksel kavramlarla olan ilişkisini değerlendirebilmişlerdir. Buradan hareketle hazırladıkları görevler ve gerçekleştirdikleri uygulamalarda kavramların keşfine olanak sağladıkları gözlemlenmiştir. Bunun yanında öğrencilerin zorlanabilecekleri noktalar ve nasıl düşüneceklerine yer vermişlerdir. Sonuçlardan hareketle bu tarz öğretmen eğitimi programlarının lisans programlarına entegre edilmesi önerilmiştir.
Examining the Utility of a Telehealth Warm Handoff in Integrated Primary Care for Improving Patient Engagement in Mental Health Treatment: Randomized Video Vignette Study
Authors: Fountaine Alex R , Iyar Megumi M , Lutes Lesley D
Published: December 2022

Background

A warm handoff from a physician to a mental health provider is often patients’ first contact with psychological services and provides a unique opportunity for improving treatment engagement in integrated primary care (IPC) settings.

Objective

In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study sought to examine the impact of different types of telehealth mental health referrals on both the anticipated likelihood of accepting treatment services and anticipated likelihood of continued treatment engagement.

Methods

A convenience sample of young adults (N=560) was randomized to view 1 of 3 video vignettes: warm handoff in IPC, referral as usual (RAU) in IPC, or RAU in standard primary care.

Results

Logistic associations between referral type and the likelihood of referral acceptance (χ21=10.9, P=.004) and the likelihood of continued engagement (χ21=32.6, P<.001) were significant. Participants who received a warm handoff were significantly more likely to anticipate both accepting the referral (b=0.35; P=.002; odds ratio 1.42, 95% CI 1.15-1.77) and engaging in continued treatment (b=0.62; P<.001; odds ratio 1.87, 95% CI 1.49-2.34) compared with those who received RAU in the standard primary care condition. Furthermore, 77.9% (436/560) of the sample indicated that they would be at least somewhat likely to access IPC mental health services for their own mental health concerns if they were readily available in their own primary care physician’s office.

Conclusions

A telehealth warm handoff resulted in the increased anticipated likelihood of both initial and continued engagement in mental health treatment. A telehealth warm handoff may have utility in fostering the uptake of mental health treatment. Nonetheless, a longitudinal assessment in a primary care clinic of the utility of a warm handoff for fostering referral acceptance and continued treatment engagement is needed to hone the adoptability of a warm handoff process and demonstrate practical evidence of effectiveness. The optimization of a warm handoff would also benefit from additional studies examining patient and provider perspectives about the factors affecting treatment engagement in IPC settings.
When Heart Beats Differently in Depression: Review of Nonlinear Heart Rate Variability Measures
Authors: Čukić Milena , Savić Danka , Sidorova Julia
Published: December 2022

Background

Disturbed heart dynamics in depression seriously increases mortality risk. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a rich source of information for studying this dynamics. This paper is a meta-analytic review with methodological commentary of the application of nonlinear analysis of HRV and its possibility to address cardiovascular diseases in depression.

Objective

This paper aimed to appeal for the introduction of cardiological screening to patients with depression, because it is still far from established practice. The other (main) objective of the paper was to show that nonlinear methods in HRV analysis give better results than standard ones.

Methods

We systematically searched on the web for papers on nonlinear analyses of HRV in depression, in line with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 framework recommendations. We scrutinized the chosen publications and performed random-effects meta-analysis, using the esci module in jamovi software where standardized effect sizes (ESs) are corrected to yield the proof of the practical utility of their results.

Results

In all, 26 publications on the connection of nonlinear HRV measures and depression meeting our inclusion criteria were selected, examining a total of 1537 patients diagnosed with depression and 1041 healthy controls (N=2578). The overall ES (unbiased) was 1.03 (95% CI 0.703-1.35; diamond ratio 3.60). We performed 3 more meta-analytic comparisons, demonstrating the overall effectiveness of 3 groups of nonlinear analysis: detrended fluctuation analysis (overall ES 0.364, 95% CI 0.237-0.491), entropy-based measures (overall ES 1.05, 95% CI 0.572-1.52), and all other nonlinear measures (overall ES 0.702, 95% CI 0.422-0.982). The effectiveness of the applied methods of electrocardiogram analysis was compared and discussed in the light of detection and prevention of depression-related cardiovascular risk.

Conclusions

We compared the ESs of nonlinear and conventional time and spectral methods (found in the literature) and demonstrated that those of the former are larger, which recommends their use for the early screening of cardiovascular abnormalities in patients with depression to prevent possible deleterious events.
This is test MS 6 Dec 2022 (Preprint)
Authors: Account Developer
Published: December 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is test MS 6 Dec 2022
An Overview of Chatbot-Based Mobile Mental Health Apps: Insights From App Description and User Reviews (Preprint)
Authors: Haque M D Romael , Rubya Sabirat
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Chatbots are an emerging technology that show potential for mental health care apps to enable effective and practical evidence-based therapies. As this technology is still relatively new, little is known about recently developed apps and their characteristics and effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to provide an overview of the commercially available popular mental health chatbots and how they are perceived by users.

METHODS

We conducted an exploratory observation of 10 apps that offer support and treatment for a variety of mental health concerns with a built-in chatbot feature and qualitatively analyzed 3621 consumer reviews from the Google Play Store and 2624 consumer reviews from the Apple App Store.

RESULTS

We found that although chatbots’ personalized, humanlike interactions were positively received by users, improper responses and assumptions about the personalities of users led to a loss of interest. As chatbots are always accessible and convenient, users can become overly attached to them and prefer them over interacting with friends and family. Furthermore, a chatbot may offer crisis care whenever the user needs it because of its 24/7 availability, but even recently developed chatbots lack the understanding of properly identifying a crisis. Chatbots considered in this study fostered a judgment-free environment and helped users feel more comfortable sharing sensitive information.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that chatbots have great potential to offer social and psychological support in situations where real-world human interaction, such as connecting to friends or family members or seeking professional support, is not preferred or possible to achieve. However, there are several restrictions and limitations that these chatbots must establish according to the level of service they offer. Too much reliance on technology can pose risks, such as isolation and insufficient assistance during times of crisis. Recommendations for customization and balanced persuasion to inform the design of effective chatbots for mental health support have been outlined based on the insights of our findings.
WHAT WE DO MATTERS: FOSTERING INCLUSION AND BELONGING IN THE WORKPLACE
Authors: Thompson D.
Published: December 2022

Initiatives around the world are being implemented in an effort to foster and promote diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in universities, work environments, and beyond. Using DEI as their foundation, courses and studies have been developed which discuss the importance of employee and student engagement and belonging in these settings as well. There are small changes which leaders can implement that may lead to big impacts surrounding DEI, engagement, and belonging both for team members and for the people they serve.
A PERMANENT AND INCLUSIVE EXHIBITION AT INAF ARCETRI ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY
Authors: Zanazzi A. , Varano S. , Bucciantini A.N.
Published: December 2022

The INAF Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory recently inaugurated a permanent exhibition that has been designed in order to be inclusive also for blind and visually impaired people. The project built on previous activities at local, national and international levels and on newly designed exhibits, like the haptic planetarium dome. The exhibits, designed and tested with blind people, also proved to be attractive and useful for the general public visiting the Observatory.
GWITCHHUNTERS – A CITIZEN SCIENCE PROJECT FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVE DETECTORS
Authors: Di Renzo F. , Razzano M. , Fidecaro F. , Hemming G. , Katsanevas S.
Published: December 2022

Gravitational wave detectors are complex instruments devoted to the formidable task of measuring spacetime deformations as small as a thousandth of the size of the atomic nucleus, like those produced by the signals originating from the coalescence of compact stars. GWitchHunters is a citizen science project aimed at promoting the study of the Universe carried out with these detectors and the ongoing activities to improve their sensitivity to newer and further sources of gravitational waves. In order to reach the vastest possible audience, we have developed new strategies to present detector data in the form of images and sounds. Moreover, citizens are invited to contribute themselves to the improvement of these detectors by completing simple tasks, inspired by those actually carried out by researchers, that consist in identifying relations and patterns in the data. This constitutes an important aid to the detector characterization activity conducted by the scientists. All of this is proposed via the Zooniverse web platform, where citizens can get to know about the research on gravitational waves and enjoy giving their contribution to this field.
DISSEMINATION OF THE “TOUCH THE UNIVERSE” TACTILE EXHIBITION
Authors: Usuda-Sato K. , Suzuki Y. , Kawashima S. , Goko Y. , Inoue T.
Published: December 2022

We created a whole set of the "Touch the Universe" tactile exhibition, including 3D models of celestial bodies and telescopes that both blind and visually impaired (BVI) people and sighted people can understand and enjoy. Through the JAPAN Science Museum Association network, science museums in Japan can easily borrow it and hold their own tacile exhibition without using a 3D printer. The exhibition set consists of existing 3D models, additional tactile images, scale models of the Solar System. Each model has a concise description panel with both printed and braille letters. This easy-to-use set can be a breakthrough for science museum staff members to hold their own tactile exhibition and communicate with BVI people.
Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis: Systematizing Literature Data
Authors: Maev I. V. , Levchenko A. I. , Andreev D. N.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the review. To systematize literature data on changes in the structure of the intestinal microbiota in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP).Key findings. The human intestinal microbiota is a dynamically changing system that is constantly undergoing qualitative and quantitative changes, especially in several pathological conditions of the digestive system. At present, the differences in the intestinal microbiota in pancreatic diseases are poorly understood. The severe CP is associated with impaired synthesis of antimicrobial peptides, bicarbonates, and digestive enzymes by the pancreas, which is a risk factor for dysbiotic changes in the intestinal microbiota, consisting in the development of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and gut dysbiosis. The results of two large meta-analyses show that about a third of CP patients have SIBO. The colonic microbiota in patients with CP is also characterized by dysbiotic disorders, primarily in the reduction of alpha-diversity. Some studies have shown that these patients have an increase in Firmicutes, while Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium are reduced. In addition, as a rule, in patients with CP, the growth of Escherichia, Shigella and Streptococcus is recorded.Conclusion. In general, scientific papers have revealed significant heterogeneity in the profiles of the intestinal microbiota in patients with CP. Thus, several questions remain open, prioritizing the further study of the intestinal microbiota in patients with CP for identifying the specifics of its structure that can personalize the selection of enzyme replacement therapy and restrict the unreasonable prescription of additional pharmacotherapy (the use of proton pump inhibitors and / or antibacterial drugs).
Efficacy of Esophageal Protector in Treating Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease with Extraesophageal Symptoms: a Multicenter, Open-Label, Observational Study
Authors: Kucheryavy Yu. A. , Andreyev D. N. , Eryomina E. Yu. , Gilmanov A. A. , Nazarova O. V. , Sidneva Ye. A. , Topalova Yu. G.
Published: December 2022

Aim: to assess effects of esophageal protector Alfasoxx on extraesophageal symptoms in patients with GERD.Materials and methods. A prospective open multicenter post-registration observational study was conducted. The study included 546 patients aged 6 to 85 years (the average age of patients is 42.4 ± 16.9 years) with a verified diagnosis of GERD (endoscopically and/or pH-metrically), the presence of extraesophageal symptoms of the disease (according to the results of an objective examination and consultations of specialists), to whom the attending physician prescribed a course of treatment with a medical device Alfasoxx in accordance with the instructions for medical use. The patients were recruited by 51 researchers in 26 cities of Russia. The study in chronological order consisted of a screening visit and two recorded visits (the observation period within the framework of the use of the Alfasoxx esophagoprotector). The screening visit was conducted on the day of the patient's admission. Visit 1 could be conducted on the same day as the screening visit, whereas visit 2 was conducted 4–5 weeks after visit 1 at the end of the course of treatment.Results. According to the results obtained, at the end of the study, 42.7 % (95 % CI: 38.5–46.9) had complete disappearance of extraesophageal GERD symptoms (questionnaire RSI = 0 points). When comparing the average values of the total RSI score before and after treatment, there was also a statistically significant regression from 13.8 points (95 % CI: 13.2–14.4) at visit 1 to 2.0 points (95 % CI: 1.8–2.2) at visit 2. Thus, the decrease in the total score was significant and exceeded 80 % of the initial value. When analyzing the dynamics of individual indicators of the RSI scale before and after treatment, a significant regression in the severity of all symptoms of the disease was noted. In addition, the results showed that the proportion of patients taking antacid-containing drugs at visit 1 significantly decreased from 58.2 % (95 % CI: 54.0–62.4) to 15.2 % (95 % CI: 12.1–18.3) by visit 2. The average score on the Likert scale of satisfaction with treatment was 4.8 (95 % CI: 4.8–4.9), whereas the convenience of using Alfasoxx is 4.7.Conclusion. This prospective observational multicenter study demonstrated that the addition of Alfasoxx to standard GERD therapy contributes to a significant regression of both esophageal and extraesophageal symptoms, as well as a decrease in the need for antacid medications.
European Society for Neurogastroenterology and Motility Consensus on Gastroparesis: What Issues Remain Unresolved?
Authors: Sheptulin A. A. , Trukhmanov A. S. , Storonova O. A. , Rumyantseva D. E.
Published: December 2022

Aim: to analyse the document of the European Society for Neurogastroenterology and Motility consensus on gastroparesis, held in 2020.Key findings. The evaluation of the voting results on the submitted statements of the consensus meeting shows that there is a high level of agreement among the experts regarding the definition of gastroparesis, the main diseases in which it occurs, and the existing diagnostic methods. At the same time, there is a divergence of views regarding the role of individual pathogenetic factors of gastroparesis and their relationship with clinical symptoms, as well as the effectiveness of drugs of various groups and other treatment methods.Conclusion. The pathophysiological mechanisms of gastroparesis and the effectiveness of various treatment methods need further research.