bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental Health and Psychosocial Adjustment in Ukrainian Refugee Children in Romania
Authors: Rusu Dan Octavian , Delcea Cristian
Published: December 2024

In the context of Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, over 6.6 million people have sought refuge in Europe, with more than 1.6 million Ukrainians having arrived in Romania since the beginning of the conflict. Among them, approximately 83,748 individuals are still in the country, of which 30% are children (UNICEF, 2023).  The exposure of children to war and military aggression can be viewed as a violation of their fundamental human rights.  The impact of war and displacement can have negative consequences on young people, given that this stage is crucial for their physical, mental, and neural growth. Because of the distinct developmental phase they are in, children who are refugees of war are more vulnerable to experiencing psychological disorders.  Within the context of forced migration, child refugees frequently encounter challenges related to isolation, community fragmentation, and cultural displacement. These circumstances often create substantial obstacles for children and young people seeking access to healthcare and mental health services. These hurdles encompass language barriers, mental health stigma, cultural beliefs surrounding mental well-being, and healthcare professionals lacking the necessary skills to effectively engage across diverse cultural contexts. Children and adolescents who have suffered significant war-related trauma may be handling these experiences in ways that complicate or impact their current self-image or their views of others and the surrounding world. 

This research aims to investigate the occurrence of mental health problems that interfere with social adaptation among young refugees who have recently resettled from Ukraine to Romania, in the municipality of Cluj-Napoca. The research data will be collected using the APS-SF tool for assessing psychopathology and problems interfering with psychosocial adjustment in adolescents aged 12-18 years and the Decision-Making Capacity Test that measures decision-making ability i.e. the ability to choose rationally between several available alternatives. The research targets 19 Ukrainian children and adolescents who are currently refugees in Cluj-Napoca, aged between 12 and 18 years old. 
Exploring the Neurodiversity of Lithuanian College Students and Its link to Learning Difficulties and Supporting Measures
Authors: Piscalkiene Viktorija , Al-Wardat Mohammad , Bartusiene Daiva , Jotautis Vaidas , Lamsodiene Evelina , Spudyte Irma , Liepinaitiene Alina , Navickiene Lijana
Published: December 2024

Enhancing the inclusion of neurodiverse students in higher education institutions represents a significant and evolving challenge for educators. Recognizing learning difficulties and equipping teachers with the knowledge and skills to effectively work with and communicate with neuro-diverse students are crucial steps toward achieving social inclusion. Aim – to explore the neurodiversity of Lithuanian college students and its link to learning difficulties and supporting measures. Two developmental adult disorders were presented to illustrate the expression of neurodiversity including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A cross-sectional survey included 512 students from Kauno Kolegija Higher Education Institution. The survey assessed 39 attributes related to students’ learning difficulties and supporting measures. The nine scales, consisting of 39 items, demonstrated good internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.76. Due to the unequal and smaller sample sizes of attention deficit hyperactivity and autism spectrum disorders having students, non-parametric statistics (Kruskal-Wallis) were used. Spearman's correlation coefficient (R²) was used for correlation analysis. Results. Nearly a quarter of the students associate their neurodiversity with ADHD, with 22.3 % suspecting they have the condition and 2 % noted that this is confirmed. 4.7% of students consider themselves to be on the autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with 0.6% having a confirmed diagnosis. Statistically significant differences were identified in the relationship between ADHD and attention difficulties at home, college, sensory sensitivity and specific learning difficulties (p ≤ 0.05). ADHD and ASS suspected of having students tend to have lower grade point average (GPAs). Students who suspect or confirm having ADHD express a higher preference for organizational tools compared to those without ADHD, with a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05). Preferences for explanations and illustrations are higher among those suspecting ADHD (p ≤ 0.05). The analysis of expectations from lecturers and organization concerning ASD shows minimal variation among groups (p≥0.05). Conclusions. Neurodiversity among students is a relevant phenomenon that is associated with learning difficulties that interfere with achieving good learning outcomes. However, the role of the teacher and organization is exclusively relevant for the ADHD student group. For ASD students and neurotypical students, universal approaches are appropriate.
The Brain's Essential Role in Mediating Immune Responses: HPA Axis to Leverage Signals with a Systemic Approach
Authors: Climescu-Haulica Adriana
Published: December 2024

While the role of the brain parts on mediating immune response is largely recognized, the neuroimmune pathways are difficult to be explored so they are still poorly understood. The animal    knockout models are not always adapted to study the human biology. Because human neuroscience is very sensitive to the psychology, an appropriate way to federate various data and experiments    is computational neuroscience.    From this perspective our paper introduces    an investigation    methodology    combining a complex landscape of biological signals: neuro-endocrine, lymphatic    and neuro-electrical propagation. Having    a    hierachical HPA axis model    as    pivotal element of study, we show that previous results about the modulation of the immune response by the HPA axis obtained for murine models can be  scrutinized using 'in silico' human models. This provide a new systemic computational schema to investigate neuroscience paradigms.
HLA Allele's Role in Cannabis Addiction
Authors: Buciuta Andrei , Coman Horia G , Nemeș Bogdan , Oroian Radu , Vușcan Mihaela E
Published: December 2024

Background and objectives. It can be argued that there is a genetic component that has a determining or promoting role in this direction. In the present pilot study, we aimed to identify an element of the HLA profile that is involved in the development of addiction.

Methods. The 60 study participants were divided into two groups - the control group - 40 people without cannabis use and the case group - 20 people with cannabis addiction.

Results. We identified both an allele and a haplotype with a potential protective role and a haplotype with a risk factor role in the development of cannabis addiction.

Conclusions. The results of the present study indicate several potential alleles that may act as a protective or risk factor for the development of cannabis addiction. The determination of these genes may have an important role in identifying possible mechanisms of developing addiction.
Development and Validation of Student Academic Performance Scale
Authors: Sadia Taimur  , Dr Nighat Gul  , Iffat Gulab
Published: December 2024

The current study aimed to develop and validate an academic performance scale for graduate and undergraduate students. A questionnaire was designed and approved by psychologists, and data was collected from 250 participants through two try-outs, involving 50 and 200 students, respectively, along with their teachers. In first tryout the data collected from 50 students, along their teachers. Then conduct second tryout in which data collected from 200 students, along their teachers also. Data was collected from different colleges and universities, and reliability and validity analyses were conducted using SPSS. After analysis the results showed that the developed scale is reliable and valid for assessing students' academic performance. This study contributes to the existing literature on academic assessment and provides a valuable tool for educators and researchers to evaluate students' academic performance.
The Mediating Role of Employee Emotional Intelligence Between Talent Management Practices and Organizational Commitment
Authors: Dr Badshah Hussain  , Yasir Muhammad Amin Khan  , Abdul Mateen
Published: December 2024

Talent management has drawn significant consideration across the globe. However, talent management has remained underexplored in developing business sectors, especially, in the banking area. This exploration expects to fill the gap by investigating TM practices in the banking area of the developing country Pakistan. This study was conducted in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province Pakistan in private banking sector. For this study quantitative research methodology was used. The main purpose of this study was to examine the direct relationship amongst TM activities and organizational commitment. While, mediating role of employee emotional intelligence was also examined amongst TM Practices & organizational commitment. For sampling Taro Yamane formula was used to choose the total sample size of 341 employees who were working as managers, supervisors, senior officers and officers. For measurement already adopted instruments were used. The Cronbach's alpha value of TM practices (.956), organizational commitment (.880), and emotional intelligence (.906) determine strong reliability. The study finding indicated that there is positive significant relationship amongst TM practices and organizational commitment, while, emotional intelligence partially mediate the relationship between these two variables. So, if Talent management practices are properly implemented, it will increase organizational commitment & employee’s emotional intelligence amongst various categories of employees. Furthermore, this study also add possibly valued implications for theory, practice, and future research.
Social Dynamics and Language Learning: Do Extroverts Excel in L2 Acquisition? An Analysis through the Lens of Interactionism Theory
Authors: Aliza Sajid
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between social dynamics and second language acquisition, with a specific emphasis on whether extroverts surpass in learning English as a second language more efficiently and effectively than introverts. Moreover, the research is grounded in the Interactionism theory by Lev Vygotsky (1962) which states that language development is hugely determined by social and cultural communication and interaction. So, this study examines whether the personality traits such as being extrovert affect learner’s engagement to learn language more efficiently by socially interacting with other people or not. For this purpose, students of the BS English department of Army Burn Hall College for Girls, Abbottabad were selected as the participants to share their views through a mixed-method approach. A structured questionnaire was designed to gather insights from the students. Results for the close-ended questions have been shown through graphs whereas thematic analysis has been done for open-ended questions. The findings revealed that though ESL learners face many challenges during social meet-ups they still learn vocabulary, pronunciation, confidence, fluency, etc.
Strategies for Enhancing the Information Technology Teaching Competence of Vocational Education Teachers
Authors: Qian Fangyuan
Published: December 2024

With the rapid development of information technology, the importance of information-based teaching in vocational education has increasingly become prominent. Enhancing the information technology teaching competence of vocational education teachers is a crucial approach to achieving educational modernization and improving education quality. This paper first explores the connotations and components of vocational education teachers' information technology teaching competence, analyzing the basic concepts, key elements, and hierarchical structure of this competence. It then identifies and analyzes the main challenges faced by vocational education teachers in enhancing their information technology teaching competence. Finally, it proposes specific strategies for improving this competence, such as strengthening information technology training, optimizing the information technology teaching environment, and innovating teaching design and assessment methods. Through the implementation of these strategies, teachers' educational and teaching abilities can be effectively improved, better aligning with the demands of vocational education in the information age and promoting high-quality educational development.
Cultivating Intercultural Communication Competence in College English Teaching: Practice and Exploration
Authors: Pang Zhifen
Published: December 2024

With the advancement of globalization, intercultural communication competence has become increasingly important in college English teaching. This paper explores the connotations and theoretical foundations of intercultural communication competence, and proposes practical pathways for cultivating this competence in college English teaching. The study suggests that intercultural communication competence is not only an extension of language ability but also a comprehensive manifestation of cultural understanding, emotional adjustment, and behavioral adaptation. Through curriculum design, innovative teaching methods, and the establishment of a multidimensional assessment system, students' intercultural communication competence can be effectively enhanced. Additionally, college English teachers play a crucial role in this process. Improving teachers' intercultural literacy and building supportive collaboration mechanisms are key to enhancing teaching effectiveness. The paper concludes with a discussion of future directions for cultivating intercultural communication competence, emphasizing the necessity of teachers' professional development and the innovation of teaching models to better meet the educational needs in a globalized context.
Innovation and Development of Vocational Undergraduate Education Management in the Context of Information Technology
Authors: Li Dai
Published: December 2024

In the context of information technology, vocational undergraduate education management faces unprecedented opportunities and challenges. With the rapid development of information technology, especially the widespread application of emerging technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, vocational undergraduate education management is evolving towards more intelligent, precise, and collaborative directions. However, many institutions still face deficiencies in the depth and breadth of information technology application, and the information management system remains underdeveloped, limiting the effectiveness of educational management. This paper explores innovative models of vocational undergraduate education management in the context of information technology, suggesting that innovation can be achieved through intelligent management systems, data-driven decision support systems, and resource sharing and collaborative management. Additionally, it analyzes the future development trends of information-based educational management. The paper ultimately points out that the future of vocational undergraduate education management will depend on the continuous advancement of next-generation information technology and will require technological innovation, transformation of educational concepts, and reform of management mechanisms to promote the sustainable development of educational management.
The Research on the Impact of the Integration of Cultural Tourism on the Professional Competence Requirements of Tourism Practitioners
Authors: Liu Yanmei
Published: December 2024

With the deep integration and development of the cultural and tourism industries, the professional competence requirements for tourism practitioners have gradually shifted from a focus on technical skills to a broader emphasis on comprehensive qualities. The integration of cultural tourism demands that practitioners not only possess traditional skills, but also demonstrate strong cross-cultural understanding, communication and expression abilities, innovation and adaptability, service awareness, and professional competence. This paper begins by examining the professional competence requirements of tourism practitioners in the context of cultural tourism integration, discussing the adjustment of competence structures and the impact of cultural awareness enhancement on practitioners. It analyzes the new demands placed on practitioners in areas such as value guidance, strengthening of responsibility, and innovation-driven approaches. The paper also proposes specific pathways for improving the professional competence of tourism practitioners, including the establishment of cross-cultural training mechanisms, optimization of vocational education curricula, construction of innovation incentive systems, and strengthening practical learning. By systematically enhancing the professional competence of tourism practitioners, the paper aims to promote the high-quality development of cultural tourism, better meeting the increasingly diversified and personalized needs of tourists.
The Main Types and Causes of Online Youth Subculture
Authors: Hu Qi
Published: December 2024

Currently, there is a stronger tension between online youth subculture and mainstream culture. On one hand, its independence has significantly increased, while on the other hand, it appears more moderate compared to previous youth subcultures. Consumer culture, fan culture, and "lying flat" culture are not only hot topics online but also represent the main types of online youth subculture. The continuous changes in social contradictions, the growing prominence of youth's self-identity issues, and the virtual mode of existence have all contributed to the rapid development of online youth subculture.
Research on Urban Disaster Emergency Management Mechanisms and Rapid Response System Construction
Authors: Wen Zhiqiang , Li Jia'an , Wang ZiXin
Published: December 2024

With the accelerated process of urbanization, cities face severe challenges such as an increasing variety of disaster risks, rising frequency of occurrences, and expanding impact areas, even as they benefit from economic development and population concentration. The existing urban disaster emergency management model exhibits significant shortcomings in risk assessment, resource allocation, and information sharing, necessitating innovative mechanisms and the construction of a rapid response system. This study systematically analyzes the current status and major issues of urban disaster emergency management and proposes pathways for optimizing management mechanisms in areas such as risk assessment, legal frameworks, and organizational structure. Furthermore, it designs a rapid response system focusing on key elements, including information dissemination, resource allocation, and emergency drills. By building a collaborative governance model and integrating technological innovation, this study aims to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for enhancing urban disaster emergency management comprehensively.
Research on the Measurement of Multidimensional Relative Poverty in Inner Mongolia's Pastoral Areas
Authors: Wei Ruiqing
Published: December 2024

China has achieved a comprehensive victory in the battle against poverty, marking a shift in poverty issues from absolute poverty to relative poverty. Addressing relative poverty has become a key element of the rural revitalization strategy and achieving the goal of common prosperity in the new era. This study focuses on the pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia and constructs a multidimensional relative poverty indicator system with characteristics of the region. The A-F method is employed to measure multidimensional relative poverty in these areas. The study finds: (a) Among the main factors leading to poverty in the pastoral areas, per capita household income, access to information, and educational attainment have higher contribution rates, with economic factors still playing a significant role in poverty; (b) Families identified as multidimensionally poor tend to face severe challenges of deep poverty and exhibit high heterogeneity; (c) The degree of relative poverty is positively correlated with policy dependence. This study aims to provide scientific evidence for the governance of multidimensional relative poverty in Inner Mongolia's pastoral areas.
Analysis of the Current Status and Development Strategies of Dance Education in Vocational Colleges
Authors: Yin Yingying
Published: December 2024

With the increasing demand for dance professionals in society, vocational colleges' dance education plays a crucial role in cultivating high-quality dance talent. This paper aims to analyze the current status of dance education in vocational colleges, highlight existing problems, and propose corresponding development strategies. By researching aspects such as curriculum design, faculty strength, teaching facilities, student quality, and employment orientation, the study finds that vocational colleges face challenges such as a disconnect between curriculum and industry demand, insufficient practical teaching, weak faculty teams, and unequal resource allocation. Therefore, the paper suggests strategies such as optimizing the curriculum system, strengthening practical teaching and industry-school collaboration, improving faculty development, and enhancing educational facilities and resource allocation. Through the implementation of these strategies, it is expected to improve the quality of dance education in vocational colleges and train dance professionals who meet societal demands.
The "Craftsmanship Spirit" in the New Era: A Study on the Inheritance and Innovation of Zhuo Qin Craftsmanship in Vocational Colleges
Authors: Zhang Farong
Published: December 2024

As an important concept of the new era, the "craftsmanship spirit" emphasizes excellence, attention to detail, and continuous innovation, which are particularly crucial in modern vocational education. Using the craftsmanship of Zhuo Qin -making as an example, this article explores the inheritance and innovation of this traditional craft in vocational colleges. As the core craftsmanship of Zhuo Qin -making, the art of Zhuo Qin crafting not only carries rich historical and cultural values but also embodies the deep-rooted craftsmanship spirit. However, with the passage of time, Zhuo Qin -making faces difficulties in inheritance. This paper discusses the historical background, technical requirements, inheritance difficulties, and the role of vocational colleges in preserving and innovating this craft, proposing solutions that combine modern technology and educational innovation. Through project-based learning, interdisciplinary integration, and the construction of "dual-qualification" teacher teams, vocational colleges can foster both the inheritance of traditional crafts and the integration of innovation and cultural education, providing new momentum for the sustainable development of Zhuo Qin craftsmanship. The study offers theoretical support and practical guidance for the innovative application of traditional handicrafts in vocational education.
OPTIMALISASI KINERJA ABK DENGAN OBSERVASI KESELAMATAN KERJADI MV. ANDHIKA KANISHKA
Authors: Aziz Rohman Muhammad , Widada Heru , Aji Jaya Aziz Erva , Raudhah Maidari Siti
Published: December 2024

Setiap perusahaan selalu menuntut agar ABK yang ada diatas kapal bekerja dengan sebaik-baiknya dan mampu bekerja secara optimal dan memperhatikan keselamatan mereka. Keselamatan kerja merupakan salah satu faktor mutlak yang harus dipenuhi agar ABK dapat bekerja dengan aman dan maksimal. Ada yang mementingkan diri sendiri tanpa memperhatikan keselamatan jiwa dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Tidak jarang suatu pekerjaan baik didarat maupun dilaut serta apapun bentuknya, karena kurang memperhatikan keselamatan kerja sehingga menimbulkan korban.Kecelakaan-kecelakaan tersebut dapat menyebabkan kerugian bagi semua pihak mulai dari ABK itu sendiri sampai pada tingkat perusahaan.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui terjadinya kecelakaan kerja dan mengetahui suatu pekerjaan tidak selesai pada waktunya di MV. Andhika Kanishka.Dalam penulisan skripsi ini, penulis menjabarkan metode observasi keselamatan kerja sebagai landasan untuk memecahkan masalah yang ada. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif (apabila ditinjau dari segi tingkat penyajian) dan juga kualitatif (apabila ditinjau dari cara pengolahan data), kemudian dianalisis dengan metode Fault Tree Analysis untuk menentukan masalah dari setiap faktor. Dalam hal ini teknik pengumpulan data berupa pendekatan terhadap objek melalui observasi secara langsung terhadap responden serta menggunakan dokumen dan data-data yang berhubungan dengan keselamatan kerja. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, ditemukan adanya masalah-masalah dalam terjadinya kecelakaan kerja dan suatu pekerjaan tidak selesai pada waktunya adalah tidak sesuai prosedur keselamatan kerja, cuaca ekstrim, kendala peralatan, perusahaan kurang perhatian dalam keselamatan ABK, pengaturan penerangan serta keadaan tempat kerja. Adapun saran penulis adalah meningkatkan disiplin ABK dalam menggunakan alat keselamatan kerja, familiarisasi, pengawasan, peranan perusahaan, serta memberi motivasi kepada ABK dengan safety meeting, memutar film atau slide, poster.
Generating and Characterizing Biogas from Household Waste through Anaerobic Digestion
Authors: Okoh Ezennia Valentine Charles , Adamu Samira Shehu
Published: December 2024

Utilizing the energy found in biogas presents an intriguing substitute for balancing the production of renewable electricity with environmental cleanliness. Anaerobic digestion is one method of recovering energy from biomass that shows promise in treating solid waste and effluents. This study shows how home garbage can be a rich source of biogas because of its high calorific value and biodegradability, which can help minimize the need for fossil fuels. The results of the home waste's physicochemical examination were established. The findings from the physicochemical examination of the household trash comprise the following percentages: moisture (69.2%), total solids (38.2%), volatile solids (71.7%), and carbon (40.71%). Methane, which has a calorific value of 2420 kcal/kg, is confirmed to be the main element in biogas through characterization.
Hydrogen Embrittlement, Microcracking, and THz Vibrations in the Metal Electrodes of Cold-Fusion Electrolysis Experiments: Repeatability of Nuclear and Stoichiometric Balances
Authors: Carpinteri Alberto , Borla Oscar , Manuello Amedeo
Published: December 2024

In the last few decades, several scientific papers have reported experimental evidence of anomalous nuclear reactions occurring in condensed matter during electrolytic phenomena or mechanical instabilities such as fracture (in solids) and cavitation (in liquids). Despite the numerous research activities carried out in the field of so-called “Cold Nuclear Fusion”, this phenomenon remains today not fully understood. In recent contributions by the authors, the formation of cracks on the surface of the electrodes used during electrolysis tests, together with chemical composition variations and anomalous sub-atomic particle emissions, were described. A mechanical interpretation of the experimental evidence can be based on low-energy phono-fission reactions, which are a conse- quence of hydrogen embrittlement, microcracking, and THz vibrations. In the present paper, the repeatable results of different laboratory testing programs obtained by means of Pd and Ni are discussed. Preliminary short notes about the energy balance close the paper.
Experimental Observations on the Lattice Energy Converter
Authors: Di Stefano Antonio
Published: December 2024

The Lattice Energy Converter (LEC) is a relatively simple gas-metal device that is able to directly generate an electric voltage and current by an unexplained mechanism, possibly related to LENR. Due to its simplicity and high reproducibility, the LEC is a very interesting experiment that may provide insights into LENR phenomena, as well as potentially being a practical new solid-state energy source. This paper describes a successful replication of a Lattice Energy Converter (LEC) and a number of experiments and observations made to investigate the nature of the effect and its electrical characteristics, and to exclude the presence of artefacts and conventional explanations. Compared to a control device, the active LEC was able to generate a stable voltage in excess of 300 mV and a current up to a few microamperes. These results are consistent with previous data published by the inventors and other replicators, so the good reproducibility of the device is confirmed. The primary and most interesting effect happening inside the device is the apparent ionization of the gas between the electrodes, allowing a significant current to flow through an otherwise insulating gap. The spontaneous voltage is instead a secondary effect, due to the presence of a bimetallic pair in contact with an ionized conductive medium, forming a kind of gas-phase battery.
More About Why Cold Fusion Will Lower the Cost of Energy ICCF24
Authors: Rothwell Jed
Published: December 2024

Cold fusion will lower the cost of energy because:

The fuel costs far less than any other.1

Generators will be optimized for low cost.

It can be decentralized with no distribution grid.

With a decentralized system, consumers will purchase their own home generator instead of using electric power company

equipment. Subtracting the cost of power company equipment and fuel, and adding in the cost of the home generator, cold fusion should reduce the cost of energy by a factor of 21.

Ultimately, the cost of generators is likely to fall by a factor of ~200, from $2,000/kW to $10/kW, which is the cost difference between a power company generator and a mass produced automobile engine. I wrote a paper about this in 2016 [1]. This is an expanded look at the subject.
Synchronization of Vacancy-Loaded Deuterons Enables Successful LANR Mass-Energy Transfer
Authors: Swartz Mitchell
Published: December 2024

Unlike hot fusion, LANR is relational and productive rather than confrontational and destructive. Rather than one D hitting the other as a target, there is no conventional “coulomb barrier”, but instead synchronous interaction(s) follow application of an electric field intensity. Analysis of the pulsing coupled atomic deuteron oscillators is difficult, and here we have used equivariant bifurcation theory. A mathematical solution of this, such as a toroidal breather mode, reveals much. Most importantly, such synchronization of deuterons may obviate, i.e. circumvent, the function of the ‘coulomb barrier’. We have observed that successfully driven LANR components emit unique RF emissions, with sidebands and pulsations which may herald energy-mass interactions. The final product of these processes is fusion of two deuterons with production of de novo helium-4, and generation of the observed “excess heat”.
Excess Heat in Nanoparticles of Nickel Alloys in Hydrogen
Authors: Biberian Jean-Paul , Michel Robert , Le Roux Christophe , Valat Mathieu , Bucher Sébastien , Kodeck Arnaud , Sjöberg Per J.R. , Ruer Jacques , Chaudanson Damien
Published: December 2024

We have developed new kinds of materials made of nanoparticles of nickel-based alloys that show production of anomalous heat in an atmosphere of hydrogen. These materials are produced starting from hydrotalcite acting as precursors of nickel and nickel alloys supported on an amorphous alumina phase. The experiments are performed in a custom-made heat-flow calorimeter having a precision of +/100 mW from room temperature up to 950C. This report shows that excess heat is produced when hydrogen is introduced into the reaction cell, however more excess heat is measured when the hydrogen is pumped out.
Advancements in the Production of Anomalous Heat Effect in Constantan Wires: Developing a Robust Experimental Protocol
Authors: Celani Francesco , Lorenzetti C. , G. Vassallo G. , Purchi E. , Fiorilla S. , Cupellini S. , Nakamura N. , Cerreoni P. , Burri R. , Boccanera P. , Spallone A. , Marano E. F.
Published: December 2024

We have developed new kinds of materials made of nanoparticles of nickel-based alloys that show production of anomalous heat in an atmosphere of hydrogen. These materials are produced starting from hydrotalcite acting as precursors of nickel and nickel alloys supported on an amorphous alumina phase. The experiments are performed in a custom-made heat-flow calorimeter having a precision of +/100 mW from room temperature up to 950C. This report shows that excess heat is produced when hydrogen is introduced into the reaction cell, however more excess heat is measured when the hydrogen is pumped out. facing the ambient environment coated in a high-emissivity (>90%) black compound capable of withstanding high temperatures (800 C). The recorded maximum temperatures during the experiments were 900 C internally and 380 C externally, with a maximum applied power exceeding 150 W. The weight of the wire employed in our tests was 0.45 g. Key Findings: We successfully reaffirmed that a straightforward procedure involving high-power DC Joule heating over extended durations (50-150 hours) remains effective in activating virgin Constantan coils, provided the thin wire surfaces are appropriately treated, primarily with Low Work Function materials. Furthermore, we observed that the measured AHE during the cooling cycles from the highest power levels is contingent upon the time the reactor’s core spends at these elevated powers. Notably, we identified a form of “positive memory effect” relating to AHE, which typically persists for 10-20 hours. Additionally, we discovered that the AHE increases as the number of cycles between high and low power levels is increased. We also observed that increasing the wire resistance through suitable “pre-conditioning” treatments enhances the magnitude of AHE. We speculate that this effect might be attributed to an increased surface area resembling a spongy texture, facilitating the flow of active gases, i.e., flux, in and out of the wire. In our most recent experiments, we measured higher AHE values (9 W) when utilizing D2 gas compared to H2 (5 W) at an input power of 130 W. Discussion and Future Directions: The AHE observed in our experiments is directly related to the voltage drop along the wire, with larger drops yielding more pronounced effects.
Mechanism and Dynamics of Quasi-Stationary Self-Supporting LENR in Low-Temperature Magnetized Plasma
Authors: Vysotskii V. I. , Vysotskyy M. V.
Published: December 2024

The authors developed an innovative method to induce anomalously large heat generation phenomena that cannot be explained by known chemical processes. Ni-based nano-sized multilayer film is preloaded with hydrogen gas and heated rapidly to diffuse hydrogen and trigger the heat generation reaction. Two nano-sized metal multilayer composite samples, which were composed of Ni, Cu, and the other thin films on bulk Ni (25 mm ⇥ 25 mm ⇥ 0.1 mm), were used. Anomalous heat generations were observed during the experiments under vacuum condition (<104 Pa) using nano-sized metal multilayer composites on Ni substrate, with hydrogen gas. Released energy evaluated with total amount of absorbed hydrogen reached to more than 10 keV/H. In addition to steady-state anomalous heat generation, spontaneous heat burst phenomena were sometimes observed. Based on the observation of spontaneous heat bursts, we can now trigger intentional heat bursts. The energy from even a single heat burst exceeds the energy produced by any known chemical reactions. Observation of heat bursts has improved the reliability of excess heat experiments. Samples that generated excess heat or heat bursts often show some areas of very high oxygen concentration after the experiment according to SEM-EDX and TOF-SIMS analyses.
Nuclear Reactions in Condensed Matter: A Theoretical Study of D–D Reaction within Palladium Lattice by Means of the Coherence Theory of Matter
Authors: Frisone Fulvio
Published: December 2024

In the last decades, an indisputable experimental evidence was built up for Low-Energy Nuclear Reaction (LERN) phenomena in specialized heavy hydrogen systems. Actually, the real problem is that, the theoretical statements of LERN are not known; in fact, no new branch of science has begun, yet. In this work, we seek to analyse the deuteron–deuteron reactions within palladium lattice by means of Preparata model of palladium lattice and we will show the occurrence probability of fusion phenomena according to more accurate, but not claimed, experiments, in order to demonstrate theoretically the possibility of cold fusion. Further, we focus on tunnelling the Coulomb barrier existent between two deuterons. Analysing the possible contributions of lattice on improving the tunnelling probability, we will find that there is a real mechanism through which this probability could be increased: this mechanism is the screening effect due to d-shell electrons of palladium lattice. Finally the good agreement between theoretical and experimental results proves the reality of cold fusion phenomena and the reliability of our model.
Enhanced Low Energy Fusion Rate in Metal Deuterides Due to Vibrational Deuteron Dipole–Dipole Interactions and Associated Resonant Tunneling Between Neighbouring Sites
Authors: Brown J. S.
Published: December 2024

It is observed that interstitial hydrogen nucleii on a metallic lattice are strongly coupled to their near neighbours by the unscreened electromagnetic field mediating transitions between low-lying states. It is shown that the dominant interaction is of dipole–dipole character. By means of numerical calculations based upon published data, it is then shown that in stoichiometric PdD, in which essentially all interstitial sites are occupied by a deuteron, certain specific superpositions of many-site product states exist that are lower in energy than the single-site ground state, suggesting the existence of a new low temperature phase. Finally, the modified behaviour of the two-particle wavefunction at small separations is investigated and prelimary results suggesting a radical narrowing of the effective Coulomb barrier are presented.
Simple Parameterizations of the Deuteron–Deuteron Fusion Cross Sections
Authors: Hagelstein Peter L.
Published: December 2024

Simple parameterizations of the deuteron–deuteron fusion cross sections are given in a form suitable for numerical calculations.
Analysis of some experimental data from the two-laser experiment
Authors: Hagelstein Peter L. , Letts D.
Published: December 2024

We consider simple relaxation models for fitting data from two-laser experiments. The approach has been used to analyze the data systematically from many data sets. A result of the fitting is that we find that the excess power responds quickly near 8 THz, and slowly near 15 and 21 THz.
Cold Fusion, LENR, CMNS, FPE: One Perspective on the State of the Science Based on Measurements Made at SRI
Authors: McKubre Michael C. H. , Tanzella Francis L.
Published: December 2024

Our object is to clarify in non-specialist terms what is known and what is understood in the general field of so called Low-Energy or Lattice Enhanced Nuclear Reactions (LENR). It is also crucial and timely to expose and elaborate what objections or reservations exist with regard to these new understandings. In essence, we are concerned with the answers to the following three questions: What do we think we know? Why do we think we know it? Why do doubts still exist in the broader scientific community? Progress in the LENR field will be reviewed with primary focus on the experimental work performed at SRI by and with its close collaborators with a view to defining experiments based non-traditional understandings of new physical effects in metal deuterides. Particular attention is directed to the Fleischmann–Pons Effect, nuclear level heat from the deuterium-palladium, and the associated nuclear products: 4He, 3He and 3H.
Detection of Abnormal Quantity of Hydrogen upon Electrical Explosion of Titanium Foil in a Liquid
Authors: Urutskoev Leonid I , Filippov Dmitry V. , Rukhadze Anri A. , Lebedev Larion A.
Published: December 2024

Experimental studies of pulse electrical explosion of thin titanium foils in water, with discharge power of ∼0.2 GW are described. Production of a considerable amount of molecular hydrogen is revealed whose origin cannot be explained either by water decompo- sition or by known chemical reactions. A nuclear mechanism for the formation of the observed molecular hydrogen upon electric explosion is hypothesized. Emphasis is laid on some measurements confirming the hypothesis.
Low-energy Nuclear Reactions and Transmutation of Stable and Radioactive Isotopes in Growing Biological Systems
Authors: Vysotskii Vladimir I. , Kornilova Alla A.
Published: December 2024

The report presents the results of combined (Mössbauer and mass-spectroscopy) qualifying examinations of stable isotope trans- mutation processes in growing microbiological cultures, in the iron-region of atomic masses. It is shown that transmutation during the process of growth of microbiological cultures, at optimal conditions in microbiological associations, is 20 times more effective than the same transmutation process in the form of “One-line” (clean) microbiological cultures. In the work, the process of direct, controlled decontamination of highly active intermediate lifetime and long-lived reactor isotopes through the process of growing microbiological associations has been studied. For the first time, an accelerated deactivation rate is observed that is 35 times larger than the controlled deactivation of the Cs137 isotope. A theoretical model of low-energy nuclear transmutation in biological objects is discussed also.
Bose–Einstein Condensate Theory of Deuteron Fusion in Metal
Authors: Kim Yeong E.
Published: December 2024

Theory of Bose–Einstein condensation nuclear fusion (BECNF) has been developed to explain many diverse experimental results of deuteron induced nuclear reactions in metals, observed in electrolysis and gas loading experiments. The theory is based on a single conventional physical concept of Bose–Einstein condensation of deuterons in metal and provides a consistent theoretical description of the experimental results. The theory is capable of explaining most of the diverse experimental observations, and also has predictive powers as expected for a quantitatively predictive physical theory. It is shown that the fusion energy transfer to metal can be accomplished by the stopping power of metal without invoking hypothesis of fusion energy transfer to metal lattice vibrations. It is also shown that observed anomalous tritium production can be explained by a sub-threshold resonance reaction mechanism. The basic concept and important features of the BECNF theory is presented, and theoretical explanations of the experimental observations are described. Key experimental tests of theoretical predictions are proposed and discussed.
Tunneling Beneath the 4He∗ Fragmentation Energy
Authors: Meulenberg Andrew , Sinha Krityunjai P.
Published: December 2024

The repulsive Coulomb barrier between deuterium nuclei is reduced in length and height by a catalytic mechanism involving optical phonons and electric fields in a lattice. If this mechanism induces the formation of D− D+ pairs, the tightly bound and energetic electron pair (a “lochon” in the D− ion) becomes an attractive force between the nuclei. The lattice constraints and slow collision processes force the ions into a near 1-D configuration within the lattice that deepens the electron ground-state potential well. This permits the electron pair to remain closely bound to one deuteron and to do work in bringing the D− D+ pair together. The work done reduces the nuclear-mass deficit (transferring it to electron kinetic and field energy) and that, along with the reduced Coulomb repulsion of the nuclear protons, brings down the helium nuclear-energy levels of the fusing pair and raises the 4He fragmentation level. The proposed model accounts for the observations in condensed-matter nuclear science (CMNS) of excess heat (in both p–p and d–d reactions) and the differing observations (or for the absence) of tritium, 3He, neutrons, and 4He. The variation (unpredictability) of results (inherent in the many experiments) and evidence for transmutation, heretofore stumbling blocks to acceptability of CMNS, is now perhaps a validation of its existence. All major observed CMNS processes are addressed by the model.
Dynamics in Pd–H(D) Systems
Authors: De Ninno Antonella
Published: December 2024

PdH(D)showsmanypeculiaraspectswhichmakeituniquebothforsolidstateandforLENRphysics. Itsmostsurprisingcharacteristic is that it behaves like a stable dense plasma consisting of H(D) nuclei which can be well explained on the basis of an appropriate many-body model.
Characterization of Neutrons Emitted during Pd/D Co-deposition
Authors: Mosier-Boss Pamela A. , Gordon Frank E. , Forsley Lawrence P. G.
Published: December 2024

xperiments using CR-39 detectors have shown that energetic particles and neutrons are emitted during Pd/D co-deposition. Using 6 μm Mylar between the CR-39 and the cathode, it has been shown that the majority of the tracks formed have energies on the order of 1–3 MeV. This conclusion was supported by computer analysis of the pits using the ‘Track_Test’ program developed by Nikezic and Yu. In this communication, additional analysis of the detectors will be discussed. In particular, it will be shown that the size distribution of the neutron-generated tracks on the back side of the CR-39 detectors are consistent with the occurrence of DD and DT fusion reactions. This is supported by the presence of triple tracks in the CR-39 as well as the energies of the charged particles as determined in the Mylar experiments.
Experimental results on Excess Heat Power, Impurity Nuclides and X-ray Production in Experiments with a High-Voltage Electric Discharge System
Authors: Karabut A. B. , Karabut E. A.
Published: December 2024

We review results on low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) processes in a high-voltage (1000–4000 V) electric discharge system. The experimental results are divided into three sets: excess heat measurements; yield of impurity nuclides (nuclear ash); x-ray measurements. Up to 8 W of excess power was observed, with a power gain of up to 170% was seen in glow discharge experiments. Up to 300 W of excess power, with a power gain up to 340% was observed in experiments using a high-voltage electrolysis cell. The impurity nuclide yield showing a shift of up to a few per cent from natural isotopic abundances was detected by spark mass spectrometry, by secondary ionic mass spectrometry, and by secondary neutral mass spectrometry. X-ray emission in the range of 0.6–6.0 keV, and up to 0.1 W/cm2 has been observed. Based on these experimental results we propose a phenomenological model for LENR based on the interaction of an electric discharge with condensed matter (of the cathode).