bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in the Cordillera Huayhuash, Peru: Historic Events and Current Susceptibility
Authors: Baťka Jan , Vilímek Vít , Štefanová Eva , Cook Simon J. , Emmer Adam
Published: September 2020

The aim of this paper is to create a glacial lake inventory for the Cordillera Huayhuash in Peru and to evaluate the susceptibility of lakes to the generation of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Using high-resolution satellite images, we undertook qualitative and quantitative analysis of lake type, characteristics and distribution, and placed our findings within the context of existing Peru-wide lake inventories. We also mapped and analyzed past GLOFs, revealing a total of 10 GLOFs and 4 ambiguous events, most of which have not been reported before. We found that past GLOFs usually occurred as a result of moraine dam breach during the proglacial stage of lake evolution. Further, we used our lake inventory to evaluate GLOF susceptibility of all lakes larger than 20,000 m2. Of 46 evaluated lakes, only two lakes (Lake Tsacra and Lake W014) are currently susceptible to generating a GLOF, which would most likely be through dam overtopping resulting from a flood originating in smaller lakes located upstream. The future perspectives of lake evolution and implications for GLOF hazard management are discussed in light of the post-Little Ice Age glacier ice loss as well as in the context of extensive related research undertaken in the nearby Cordillera Blanca.
Kent Parklarında Kullanılan Ağaç Türlerinin Sağladığı Ekosistem Hizmetleri: Rize Örneği
Authors: SARI Derya , KURT Uğur , RESNE Yağmur , ÇORBACI Ömer Lütfü
Published: September 2020

Ekosistem hizmetleri, insanlara gıda ve sudan rekreasyon ve iklim düzenlemesine kadar uzanan doğal sistemler tarafından sağlanan faydalardır. Dolayısıyla bu faydalardan insanların en verimli şekilde yararlanabilmesi, biyoçeşitliliği destekleyen ve yeşil altyapılar için önemli bir bileşen olan parklar ve kentsel yeşil alanların doğru stratejiler ile planlanmasına bağlıdır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, kent parklarında kullanılan ağaç türlerinin sağladığı ekosistem hizmetleri ele alınmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Rize il merkezinde yer alan Mesut Yılmaz (Sahil) Parkı çalışma alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Park içerisinde yapılan yerinde gözlem ve inceleme sonucunda alanda 71’i ağaç ve ağaççık olmak üzere toplam 138 takson varlığı belirlenmiştir. Tespit edilen ağaç türleri bulunma oranlarına göre kümeleme analizine tabi tutularak alanda en çok kullanılan tür grupları belirlenmiştir. Buna göre ilk grupta yer alan 12 adet ağaç türünün sağladığı başlıca yararlar (sosyal, estetik, iklimsel-fiziksel, biyolojik ve ekonomik yararlar) ve ekosistem hizmetleri (tedarikçi, düzenleyici, habitat ve kültürel servisler) genel değerlendirme tablosunda ortaya konularak irdelenmiştir. Odunsu peyzaj bitkileri, hava kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi, kültürel ve estetik değeri arttırma, biyolojik çeşitlilik potansiyeli, karbon tutumu, enerji tasarrufu ve mikro klima düzenlemesi, insan sağlığının iyileştirilmesi, gürültüyü azaltma ve yağmur suyu yönetimi gibi birçok değerli ekosistem hizmeti sunmaktadır. Kurakçıl tasarımlar, yeşil çatılar ve dikey bahçeler gibi konseptlerin yanı sıra kent parklarının bitkilendirme tasarımı stratejilerinin de ekosistem hizmetlerini destekleyici yönde geliştirilmesi ve uygulamalarda bu hususlara dikkat edilmesi önemli bir gerekliliktir.
COVID-19 VE HAVA KİRLİLİĞİ; KARANTİNA BOYUNCA NE OLDU?
Authors: Baysan Caner , Palanbek Yavaş Seher
Published: September 2020

Devam eden koronovirüs salgınına yanıt olarak Çin’de başta olmak üzere birçok ülkede geçici olarak temel hizmetler haricinde tüm faaliyetlerin durdurulması, işyerlerinin kapatılması, endüstriyel üretimin durması ve sokağa çıkmada kısıtlamalar uygulamaya konulmuştur. Karantina önlemleri salgının kontrol alınmasını kolaylaştırmakla birlikte çevre üzerinde de bir takım değişikliklere neden olmuştur. İnsan hareketliliğinin ve ilgili üretim faaliyetlerinin azalması hava kalitesinde iyileşmeye yol açmıştır. Ekolojik olarak tasarladığımız çalışmada ölçümsel veriler için; ortanca (minimum-maksimum), Q1 (birinci çeyrek), Q3 (üçüncü çeyrek) kullanılmıştır. Veriler normal dağılıma uymadığı için bağımlı grupların karşılaştırılmasında Wilcoxon analizi kullanılmıştır. Biz bu çalışmada 79 ülkeden PM2.5 ve PM10 düzeyini ölçen istasyonların (sırasıyla; 31.878, 42.043 istasyon) verilerini kullanarak; 2019 yılı ve 2020 yılının ilk 5 ayını (Ocak, Şubat, Mart, Nisan, Mayıs) karşılaştırdık. Ülkelerin 2020 yılı Şubat, Nisan ve Mayıs aylarındaki PM2.5 ve PM10 değerlerinin 2019 yılının aynı aylarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalmanın olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P<0,001). Ülkeler arasında PM2.5 düzeyinin azalması Kazakistan’da 36 μg/m3 (%46,15) ve Moğalistan’da 61 μg/m3 (%37,42) olarak belirlenmiştir. PM10 düzeyinde azalma ise Peru’da 20 μg/m3 (%44,44) ve Hindistan’da 23 μg/m3 (%28,05) olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Geçici kısıtlamalar ve onun dolaylı etkileri (sanayi, üretim, ulaşımda azalma vb.) ülkelerin hava kirliliği parametrelerinin düşmesine yol açmış olabilir. İleri çalışmalarda ülke özelinde ayrıntılı analizler yapmak faydalı olabilir.
PANDEMİ VE N95 FİLTRELİ YÜZ MASKELERİNİN YENİDEN KULLANIMI
Authors: Oral Belgin , Sarı Gülden , Coşkun Beyan Ayşe , Doğrul Zeynep
Published: September 2020

Enfeksiyon hastalıkları içinde solunum yolu ile bulaşan hastalıklar kısa sürede pek çok insana bulaşabilme özelliği nedeniyle toplum sağlığı açısından önemli bir yer oluşturmaktadır. Tarihsel süreçte insanoğlu zorlu pek çok pandemi mücadele etmiş ve ciddi kayıplar vermiştir. Günümüzde yine solunum yoluyla bulaşan COVID-19 pandemisiyle tüm Dünya mücadele etmektedir. Koruyucu ve tedavi edici hizmetlerin birlikte yürütülmesi, sektörler arası işbirliğinin gerekliliği pandemi yönetimi açısından oldukça hassas bir konudur. Bu süreçte tüm toplumun olduğu kadar sağlık çalışanlarının da bulaşıcı hastalıklardan korunmaları adına kişisel koruyucu ekipman ve özellikle maske kullanımı enfeksiyon zincirini kırmak için gerekli bir uygulamadır. Sağlık çalışanlarının pandemi döneminde koruyucu ekipmanlar içerisinde özellikle maske kullanım ihtiyacı da artmaktadır. Ülkelerin sağlık politikalarında almış olduğu kararlar doğrultusunda sağlık çalışanlarının uygun ve yeterli sayıda koruyucu ekipman sağlayabilmeleri muhtemeldir. Ancak bazı durumlarda filtreli yüz maskelerinin uzun süreli veya yeniden kullanımı gerekebilir. Yeniden kullanım belirli proserdürlerde, belli kurallar çerçevesince yapıldığı takdirde, filtreli yüz maskelerinin yeterli sayıda tedarik sürecinde sorun yaşandığında bir çözüm yolu olarak düşünülebilir.
TOPLUMDA COVID-19 PANDEMİSİYLE İLGİLİ FARKINDALIK, TUTUM VE DAVRANIŞLARIN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Alıcılar Halit Emin , Güneş Gülsen , Çöl Meltem
Published: September 2020

COVID-19, halk sağlığına ciddi bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Salgında merkezi yaklaşımlarla önlemler alınması ve kişilerin de bunlara uyması önem taşımaktadır. Çalışmamızda, COVID-19 salgınının önemli boyutlara ulaştığı bir dönemde toplumun hastalığa karşı farkındalık, tutum ve davranışları ve ilgili faktörleri belirleyerek, düzenlemelere katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kesitsel tipte olup Türkiye’de yaşayan 18 yaş üstü 1179 kişide 40 soruluk bir anket formu 22.04.2020 tarihinde online uygulama başlatılmıştır. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi İnsan Araştırmaları Etik Kurulundan onay alınmış, verilerin analizinde SPSS 26.0 programında ki-kare ve multiple lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunun %25’ini sağlık çalışanları, %19’unu öğrenciler ve geri kalanını farklı mesleklerden kişiler oluşturmuştur. Çalışanların %65’i bu döneminde daha az işe giderken, erkekler (OR:1,8), genç yaş grupları (OR:2,6 ve 4,0), düşük eğitimliler (OR:4,3) ve sağlık çalışanları (OR:4,8) işlerine daha çok gitmişlerdir. Çalışanların %11,2’si maaşını almakta sıkıntı yaşamış, %3.5’i işini kaybetmiş olup düşük eğitim düzeyi iş kaybı üzerine etkili bulunmuş (OR:4,9), %24,0’ünde kronik hastalık, %12,6’sında kendini güvende hissetmeme durumu, %16,6’sında psikolojik destek ihtiyacı belirlenmiştir. Kadınlar erkeklere göre (OR:2,8) ve 18-39 yaş grubu 60 yaş üstüne göre (OR:4,7) psikolojik desteğe daha çok ihtiyaç duymuşlardır. COVID-19 tanısı almış olanlar 13 kişi olup sıklık %1,1’dir. Evlerinde yaşayanlarla birlikte değerlendirildiğinde ‰7,5 oranında COVID-19 geçirildiği görülmüştür. Katılımcıların %63,3’ü bilgi düzeyini yeterli bulurken en sık bilgiye ulaşma yolları televizyon, bilimsel kaynaklar ve sosyal medyadır. Bireysel korunma önlemlerini toplumun oldukça yüksek oranlarda yerine getirdiği, el yıkamanın %98,0, evi havalandırmanın %91,0, maske takmanın %83,0 oranında, sosyal mesafeyi korumanın %76,9 oranında olduğu görülmüştür. Önlemlerin zamanında ve yeterli şekilde alındığını (%34,6) ve toplumun uyum sağladığını düşünenlerin oranı (%15,3) düşüktür. Sonuçta, salgının bu döneminde korunma önlemlerinin yüksek oranda uygulandığı, bunda toplumun bilgilendirilmesinin rol oynadığı görülmüştür. Ancak bunun sürdürülebilmesinde medya ve sağlık otoritelerinin vereceği mesajlar önemlidir. İş ve ekonomik kayıplar için gerekli önlem ve destek sağlanmalıdır. Yüksek oranda psikolojik destek ihtiyacı için risk gruplarına yönelik yaklaşımlar geliştirilmelidir.
COVID-19 SALGINI SÜRECİNDE EKSİKLİĞİ ORTAYA ÇIKAN BİR GERÇEK: SAĞLIK OKURYAZARLIĞI
Authors: Akbal Emine , Gökler Mehmet Enes
Published: September 2020

Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) sağlık okuryazarlığını (SOY); bireylerin sağlığını korumak ve geliştirmek için bilgiye ulaşma, anlama, bu bilgiyi kullanma konusundaki bilişsel-sosyal beceriler ve motivasyon düzeyleri olarak tanımlamıştır. Aralık 2019’da Çin’de başlayan COVID-19 hastalığı kısa zamanda tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alarak pandemiye dönüşmüştür. Bu süreçte SOY seviyesi salgın ile ilgili bilgi edinme tutum ve davranış geliştirmede etkili olmuştur. Bu çalışmada SOY bakış açısıyla güncel literatür ışığında pandemi süreci değerlendirilmiştir.
Relevansi Eklesiologi Communio Konsili Vatikan II Terhadap Hukum Kanonik 1983
Authors: Lena Meo Yohanes Wilson Bei
Published: September 2020

Communion, as expressed fully in Eucharist, for its bond with salvation, is the first and foremost obligation of every member of the faithful. This obligation arises from baptism, as a sacrament which incorporates the faithful into the mystical body of Christ and accompanies the faithful in all their action: the sacramental life, of faith and of relationship with ecclesiastical authority. The Second Vatican Council has placed communion as one of the important ecclesiological paradigms. The process of revision of Code of Canon Law itself is carried out in harmony with the ecclesiological paradigm of the Second Vatican Council. Counted among the visible elements of communion, Canon Law has tried also to translate the conception of communion into juridical language, which contains the rights and obligations of the faithful to endeavor and maintain it. This article has its purpose as an effort to see the relevance of the concept of communion in the Second Vatican Council to the Code of Canon Law promulgated in 1983.
Kitab Duabelas Nabi Sebuah Alternatif Membaca Kitab Nabi-nabi Kecil
Authors: Tanureja Indra Sanjaya
Published: September 2020

Tulisan ini berbicara tentang salah satu bagian dalam Kitab Suci Perjanjian Lama yang biasa disebut dengan Kitab Nabi-nabi Kecil. Bagian ini terdiri dari dua belas kitab yang berasal dari nabi-nabi yang berasal dari periode yang berbeda-beda dalam sejarah Israel. Secara tradisional, dua belas kitab nabi itu diperlakukan sebagai tulisan yang mandiri, dan oleh karena itu, dibaca dan dianalisa satu-satu, masing-masing secara terpisah. Tetapi akhir-akhir ini muncul gagasan alternatif yang mengusulkan untuk membaca kedua belas tulisan itu sebagai satu kesatuan literer. Argumentasi ini didasarkan pada alasan historis dan tekstual serta fakta adanya relasi inter-tekstual antara tulisan-tulisan tersebut, yang menunjukkan adanya proses redaksional dalam sejarah penyusunannya. Tulisan ini berusaha menampilkan gagasan alternatif itu beserta contohnya dan memberikan catatan kritis terhadap usulan tersebut.
ACTUALIDAD DEL TRATADO DE LA AMISTAD (PHILIA) DE ARISTÓTELES EN ÉTICA A NICÓMACO VIII Y IX
Authors: Izaguirre Villanueva Poul Michell
Published: September 2020

Un estudio contemporáneo dirigido por Waldinger ha mostrado que las buenas relaciones nos hacen más felices y saludables. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo identificar las principales nociones del tratado sobre la Amistad (philia) de Aristóteles en Ética a Nicómaco VIII y IX: la amistad como virtud, tipos de amistad, amistad y felicidad, necesidad de la amistad, amistad y divinidad, amor a sí mismo y amistad política. Luego, se muestra la actualidad de estas reflexiones aristotélicas en relación con el Estudio de Desarrollo del Adulto de Harvard que servirán de base teórica en la elaboración de una disciplina práctica que ayude en el cultivo las buenas relaciones en el mundo contemporáneo.
The Role of Parents, Teachers and Health Professionals in Forming Knowledge, Abilities and Skills of a Safe Use of Electronic Devices by High School Children
Authors: Markelova S.V.
Published: September 2020

Introduction: A widespread intensive use of electronic devices by modern young people negatively affects their health emphasizing the importance of raising awareness of users about health risks of the uncontrolled use of gadgets and developing appropriate safety skills. High school students can get necessary information in medical institutions, at school, and at home. The objective was to study the role of parents, teachers, and healthcare professionals in forming knowledge, skills and abilities of the safe use of digital devices and related components of a healthy lifestyle in seniors. Materials and methods: In the light of the objective, a special online questionnaire-based survey was conducted in 2019 using Google Forms. It involved 200 schoolchildren in grades 9-11 (15-17 years of age), 251 parents, 389 school teachers, and 220 healthcare professionals. Results: The survey data demonstrated the lowest subjective assessment of risks of the uncontrolled use of digital devices among schoolchildren (p≤0.05) and, at the same time, the highest prevalence of the considered risk factors among them. About 30% of the schoolchildren, 20% of parents and 20% of teachers underestimate behavioral risk factors of the uncontrolled use of gadgets (p≤0.05). I established the leading role of parents in forming the skill of long-term screen time in young people and noted low competence of healthcare professionals in issues of the safe use of digital devices and related components of a healthy lifestyle (using devices in poor lighting, inappropriate places and positions, lacking regular breaks, underestimating risks of low physical activity and eating less than 3 meals a day). I also found that teachers, being aware of safety requirements, comply with them but do not use this experience in their professional activities. Only 65% of schoolchildren and parents and 60% of teachers (p≤0.05) have skills of a safe screen use and take measures to preserve and maintain visual acuity. Conclusions: The survey revealed the importance of improving awareness of the population in issues of the safe use of digital devices, increasing the number of school subjects providing knowledge on this issue and contributing to the development of related healthy lifestyle components, and using all possible sources of transmission of relevant information.
The dependence of hydrogen storage properties on the sizes of Pd nanoparticles prepared by a solution-reduction method
Authors: Ozawa Masakuni , Todoroki Tatumi , Kato Hitoshi , Hattori Masatomo
Published: September 2020

We performed a size-controlled synthesis of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) by changing the initial concentration of Pd in a solution. The correlation between the hydrogen absorption isotherm (denoted as pressure–composition–temperature (PCT)) and the Pd particle size was examined by focusing on sizes between 5 and 10 nm in diameter. The PCT curves confirmed the characteristics of Pd NPs less than 10 nm in diameter, which were different from those of bulk Pd and strongly dependent on the crystallite size. The hydrogen isotherms of the 6.5 and 6.8 nm Pd NPs showed that the final amount of hydrogen was 0.3 at 0.1 MPa and their plateaus were shorter, with a steeper gradient. The hydrogen isotherm of the 5.5 nm NP showed no plateau and realized the nanoscale-regime phenomenon. For the hydrogen absorption of Pd, based on our experimental findings, the size-dependent tipping point between the bulk and NP regimes seems to lie at about 6 nm in diameter.
BISNIS HALAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF ETIKA ISLAM: KAJIAN TEORITIS
Authors: Try Astuti An Ras , Ruqiah
Published: September 2020

Islam sebagai ajaran Rahmatan lil alamin memberikan pedoman kepada kehidupan umat, agar tercipta keseimbangan di alam semesta . Untuk itu Sang Pencipta melalui Nabi Muhammad SAW, memberikan petunjuk jalan kebenaran kepada setiap manusia. Tidak terkecuali, Petunjuk yang terkait bagaimana mengkonsumsi produk yang baik bagi fisik maupun spiritual. Makanan yang baik adalah makanan yang masuk kategori dihalalkan dalam ajaran agama. Halal tidaknya suatu makanan merupakan hal yang paling penting untuk masyarakat muslim.  Di era pasar bebas saat ini, peluang pasar untuk produk halal sangat besar, sehingga Negara- Negara muslim melalui lembaga syariahnya harus dituntut untuk menangani masalah sertifikasi halal dari suatu produk. Karena produk yang sudah bersertifikat halal akan lebih mudah untuk memasuki pasar internasional yang makin akomodatif dengan nilai-nilai yang diyakini umat Islam.
Sumbangan Pemikiran Muhammad Yamin dalam Sejarah Indonesia
Authors: Lagut
Published: September 2020

The purpose of writing this article is to examine and discuss the contribution of the ideas of national figure Muhammad Yamin in Indonesian history in the early days of Indonesian independence. We know that Muhammad Yamin had a lot of influence on Indonesia's history in the early days of independence. In the early days of the formation of the Indonesian state, Indonesia's history was still dominated by the Nederlandsentris or European centrists. So here comes an idea from national figures to re-correct the writing of Indonesian History into the Indosiocentric history stream. Muahammad Yamin is one of the figures. Muhammad Yamin with his conception of Romantic History that reveals the past. Besides that, through the poems of Muhammad Yamin's struggle to dismiss Indonesian National History as a form of nationalism.

Keywords: Muhamad Yamin, Indonesian History

“ Abstrak “

Tujuaan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menelaah dan dan membahas sumbangan pemikiran tokoh nasional Muhammad Yamin  dalam Sejarah Indonesia pada masa awal kemerdekaan Indonesia. Kita ketahui bahwa Muhammad Yamin banyak meanaruh perhatianya dalam bidang sejarah Indonesia pada masa awal kemerdekaan. Pada masa awal pembentukan negara  Indonesia, sejarah Indonesia masih didominasi  oleh aliran Nederland sentris atau Eropa sentris. Maka disini munculah sebuah ide dari tokoh-tokoh bangsa untuk mengoreksi  ulang penulisan Sejarah Indonesia ke aliran sejarah Indonesia sentris. Muahammad  Yamin salah  satu tokohnya. Muhamad yamin dengan  karyanya konsepsi Sejarah romantik yang mengungkapkan masa lalu. Disamping  itu melalui syair-syair perjuangan  Muhammad Yamin mengungkapkan Sejarah Nasional Indonesia sebagai bentuk nasionalisme.

Kata Kunci:  Muhamad Yamin, Sejarah Indonesia
A kiberbiztonság és a kiberműveletek megjelenése Magyarország új Nemzeti Biztonsági Stratégiájában
Authors: Kovács László
Published: September 2020

2020. április végén jelent meg hazánk új Nemzeti Biztonsági Stratégiája, amely a „Biztonságos Magyarország egy változékony világban” önmagában is beszédes címet kapta. A korábbi, 2012-ben megjelent Nemzeti Biztonsági Stratégiát felváltó új dokumentum egy olyan megváltozott biztonsági környezetben határozza meg hazánk biztonsághoz való viszonyát, amelyben az egyik kiemelt terület a kibertér és az abban megjelenő társadalmi és gazdasági folyamatok. Ennek megfelelően érdemes megvizsgálni, hogy a kibertér és annak biztonsági kihívásai hogyan és milyen módon vannak jelen az új stratégiában. A tanulmány e szempontokra fókuszálva hasonlítja össze az új és a régi stratégiát, valamint kitér azokra a következményekre, amelyek – az új stratégiában megjelenő új kibertéri vonatkozások miatt – a kiberbiztonság és a kiberműveletek területén várhatóak mind további jogszabályok megjelenésében, mind pedig szervezeti változásokban.
Gondolatok a polgári védelemről, különös tekintettel a fegyveres összeütközések időszakának feladataira
Authors: Nagy Sándor
Published: September 2020

Napjainkban a polgári védelem kifejezés tartalma hazánkban sokkal inkább az angol „civil protection” fogalmával egyezik meg, és nem a „civil defence” néven azono-sítható, a légoltalomból továbbfejlődött, fegyveres összeütközések időszakára vonatkozó tevékenységgel. A biztonsági környezet változása ugyanakkor magában hordoz egyfajta hangsúlyeltolódást a fegyveres összeütközések időszakára jellemző polgári védelmi fel-adatrendszer irányába. Ennek kapcsán azonban paradigmaváltás is szükséges, a korábbi létszámgazdálkodás-szempontú polgári védelem helyett egy képességalapú rendszer felállítása jobban szolgálhatná a reagálást a változó környezetből eredő kihívásokra. Emellett a polgári védelmi szervezetek fegyveres összeütközések időszakára vonatkozó képességcéljainak kialakításakor hangsúlyozottan megjelenik a katonai gondolkodás igénye a katasztrófavédelmi megközelítések helyett.
The protective effect of sulforaphane in rats fed on high cholesterol high fructose diets
Authors: El-Shahat Wael , EL-Adl Mohamed , Hamed Mohamed , El-Saedy Youssef
Published: September 2020

Objective: To evaluate the protective role of sulforaphane in rats exposed to high cholesterol and high fructose diet. Design: Randomized experimental study. Animals: Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats. Procedures: Rats were allocated in groups of six animals to one of four groups. The first group was kept as a control group in which rats were fed on a basal diet for 15 weeks (Control), while in the second group (Control + SFN) rats were fed on the basal diet for 11 weeks then a sulforaphane (SFN) was given (0.5 mg/kg/day) orally for additional 4 weeks. The third group was the high cholesterol high fructose (HCF) where rats were fed on the basal diet mixed with a solution of cholesterol (1 % ) and fructose (10 %) for 15 weeks, while in the fourth group (HCF + SFN) high cholesterol high fructose diet and sulforaphane rats were fed on the basal diet mixed with a solution of cholesterol (1 %) and fructose (10 %) for 11 weeks then a SFN was given orally (0.5 mg/kg/day) for another 4 weeks. Serum and plasma samples were collected to determine the glycemic status, lipid profile, antioxidant status, oxidative and nitrosative stress markers, and apoptotic marker, alongside liver tissue samples for histopathological examination. Results: Results revealed that sulforaphane alleviated the oxidative damage (decreasing MDA and NO) and improved the antioxidant status (reducing glutathione), and enhanced glycemic status through decreasing plasma glucose concentration and decreasing caspase 9 concentration. Conclusion and clinical relevance: It can be suggested that sulforaphane (SFN) can improve insulin resistance (I.R) and improve serum lipid profile.
Prevalence of Listeria species in raw milk, ice cream and yogurt and effect of selected natural herbal extract on its survival
Authors: Yousef Mona , Ramadan Hazem , Al-Ashmawy Maha
Published: September 2020

Objective: This study aimed to detect the prevalence of Listeria species in raw milk, ice cream and yogurt, and to evaluate the effect of extract of clove, thyme and pomegranate peel on such organism.
Design: Descriptive study.
Procedures: One hundred and fifty samples of milk, ice cream and yogurt were examined for isolation, identification and molecular identification of Listeria spp. Extraction of natural plant extract as clove, thyme and pomegranate peels and detection of their inhibitory effect on Listeria spp.
Results: The prevalence of Listeria spp. in milk was 36% where 14% as L. monocytogenes, 6% L. innocua and 16% and other Listeria spp. was 16%. In yogurt, Listeria spp. was 6% as L. innocua was 2% and other Listeria spp. was 4%, while no L. monocytogenes was detected. In ice cream, Listeria spp. was 8% where L. monocytogenes was 2% and other Listeria spp. was 6% while no L. innocua was detected. The concentration of plant extract was 2.5% which showed high reduction rate on L. innocua and L. monocytogenes during shelf life of soft cheese.
Conclusion and clinical relevance: Listeria is widely isolated from milk than from ice cream and yogurt. Plant extracts play role in food preservation and consider as a natural antimicrobial agent where most effective one was clove extract.
A RARE CASE OF CONGENITAL PALATAL FISTULA WITH NORMAL SOFT PALATE AND UVULA
Authors: Tated Sushrut , Khan Arshad Hafeez , Shaikh Asif Iqbal
Published: September 2020

Cleft lip and palate are commonly observed congenital anomaly. But congenital palatal stula is very uncommon. Only few cases have been reported in literature globally. Irrespective of the doubts in etiology and pathogenesis, due to its rarity it is important to report these rare cases in the literature as and when it comes to the notice of
the clinicians. Herein,we present a case of two-year-old child presented to us with isolated congenital palatal stula. Apart from nasal regurgitation on feeding and URTI, all other things were normal. Midline, rectangular stula of 2 cm x 1.5 cm extending from incisive foramen and involving posterior edge of hard palate was seen. Patient responded well to the surgery and postoperative period was uneventful.
CLINICO-HAEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA IN CHILDREN
Authors: Tewani Vipin , Shete Shraddha , Dante Rithika
Published: September 2020

Background: The purpose of study is to evaluate clinical profile of children with hemolytic anemia with necessary investigation along with growth parameters of these children with reference to anemia and parental awareness to recognize the degree of pallor in their affected children.

Methods: The study was carried out in patients of Krishna hospital and Medical research centre,Karad in period of January 2018 to august 2018 .A total of 36 cases were included in the study.Children aged between 4 months to 12 years diagnosed to have hemolytic anemia, those who had given consent, those who came to our hospital
for blood transfusion were included in study.

Results: Among the study, sickle cell disease ,sickle beta thalassemia and sickle beta thalassemia trait are present in majority of the patients (61.09%). Beta thalassemia major along with beta thalassemia intermedia is present in 38.88% of the cases.

Conclusion:Sickle beta thalassemia and sickle cell disease forms the major types of hemolytic anemia .Parental awareness of presence of paleness and anemia is poor. No relation to religion , social group and consanguinity .
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TREADMILL STRESS TEST(TMT) WITH INVASIVE CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY (CAG) IN PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Deepak Ameta , Mukesh Sharma , Shalinder Singh Pal , Sushil Yadav
Published: September 2020

Background- There are few studies which compared invasive coronary angiography (CAG) in patients presenting with chest pain (atypical, probably ischemic) in outpatient department with negative or inconclusive treadmill stress test (TMT).
Objective- To assess CAG findings in patient with suspected iscemic chest pain, with negative or inconclusive TMT.
Methods- Patients with chest pain (atypical, probably ischemic) underwent TMT and classified as TMT negative or inconclusive. These patients underwent CAG and findings were analysed.
Results - 50 patients completed the study protocol. Of these 50 patients who underwent TMT, 31 (62%) were TMT negative and 19 (38%) were TMT inconclusive. In TMT negative group CAG showed obstructive lesion in 6(19.4%), and non obstructive lesion in 25(80.6%). In TMT inconclusive group CAG showed obstructive lesion in 11(57.8%), while non obstructive lesion in 8(42.2%).
Conclusion-In patients with atypical chest pain with negative or inconclusive TMT with suspicion of coronary ischemia CAG provides an important diagnostic tool for assessing, especially with TMT inconclusive group.
Hybrid Heuristic Load Balancing Algorithm For Resource Allocation In Cloud Computing
Authors: Shrestha Anup , Chuprat Suriayati , Mukherjee Nandini
Published: September 2020

Cloud computing is becoming more popular,
unlike conventional computing, due to its added advantages.
This is because it offers utility-based services to its subscribers
upon their demand. Furthermore, this computing environment
provides IT services to its users where they pay for every use.
However, the increasing number of tasks requires virtual
machines for them to be accomplished quickly. Load balancing
a critical concern in cloud computing due to the massive
increase in users' numbers. This paper proposes the best
heuristic load balancing algorithm that will schedule a strategy
for resource allocation that will minimize make span
(completion time) in any technology that involves use cloud
computing. The proposed algorithm performs better than other
load balancing algorithms.
Propagandastudier: Kooperativa förbundet, demokratin och det fria tankelivet på 1930-talet
Authors: Tistedt Petter
Published: September 2020

Propaganda Studies: The Swedish Cooperative Union, Democracy, and Free Thinking in the 1930s. This article investigates educational efforts of the Swedish Cooperative Union (Kooperativa förbundet, KF) during the late interwar period. It focuses on how KF dealt with the fact that propaganda could be a very effective tool of persuasion – e.g. as commercial advertising – but that it also could undermine democracy. For KF, a prolific and innovative advertiser as well as a strong proponent of democratic ideals, this was a real conundrum. Using study guides, books and journals published by KF as sources, this article investigates how members of its study groups were instructed to think about propaganda and its role in society. It is argued that members were taught a form of critical acceptance of propaganda, one that not only legitimized its role in the market, but in democratic public life as well.
Medición de la frecuencia frente a variaciones de carga utilizando un prototipo de generación
Authors: Proaño Maldonado Xavier Alfonso , Guamán Cuenca Wilian    Patricio , Cerna Pacheco Marlon Alexander , Jiménez Jiménez Leoncio Medardo
Published: September 2020

En la investigación realizada se abordaron los fundamentos de control de Potencia-frecuencia en un generador síncrono con el objeto de conocer el comportamiento de la frecuencia ante variaciones de carga del sistema de generación en tiempo real; mediante la utilización de estos principios se desarrolló un módulo de visualización, monitoreo y adquisición de datos para la medición de frecuencia, velocidad y voltaje, empleando una placa de Arduino Nano y la pantalla Nextion y así evaluar los efectos producidos en el sistema. Para ello se realizó el estudio del comportamiento de la onda de voltaje para determinar la duración de cada ciclo, mediante la utilización de un transformador reductor y un circuito electrónico el cual permite convertir la onda senoidal en una onda cuadrada capaz de ser procesada, permitiendo obtener el tiempo de duración de cada ciclo y por medio de los cruces por cero lograr obtener la gráfica lineal de la frecuencia y a su vez medir el tiempo de duración de los transitorios. Debido a que la frecuencia varía ante cualquier perturbación de la carga, fue necesario realizar un modelo de práctica para comprender las variables que están inmersas en el control P.F. es por ello que en la etapa experimental al inyectar una carga resistiva en el grupo motor generador del módulo LabVolt se comprobó que la frecuencia disminuye en un 60% de su valor nominal y se estabiliza en un tiempo de 10 segundos en dicho valor, debido al incremento de carga afectando directamente a la frecuencia.
Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension Through KWL (Know-Want-Learn) Strategy
Authors: Setyawan Aris
Published: September 2020

This research basically is conducted to improve students’ reading comprehension through KWL (Know, What, to learn) at the eight grade of SMP Islam Al-Asmaniyah. This research had been done at eigth grade of SMP Islam Al-Asmaniyah located Kab. Tangerang, Banten. This research had been taken in semester II. It had done since April 2018 – June 2018 in academic year 2017 – 2018. This research is classroom action research with qualitative approach. As for design classroom action research which is used in this study is to use a model of Kemmis and McTaggart that used 3 cycles where each cycle included planing, acting, observing, and reflecting. The result of reading test in cycle I using KWL got the average score of 71,8 where there are 59 % students that got KKM. In cycle II, the result of reading test using KWL got the average score of 76 where there are 76% students that got KKM. The students were easier to read the text given. Although they still found difficult in understanding the text because of the limitation of their vocabulary. The result of reading test got better in cycle III. The students were more understand in doing their activity in KWL and more active in learning. In this cycle, they got the average score of 83,2 where there are 93% students that got KKM. KWL can be considered as an effective way to improve students’ achievement in reading comprehension.
Pendidikan Multi Kultural Dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Dahari Dahari
Published: September 2020

Multicultural education emerged as part of the response to the phenomenon of ethnic, social, and cultural conflicts that often emerged in the middle of multicultural faced communities. Multiculturalism is an understanding of the acceptance of pluralism in society so as to avoid horizontal conflict in society. The concept of multicultural education emphasizes the cultivation of a respectful, sincere and tolerant way of life towards the diversity of cultures that live in the midst of a pluralistic society. The goal of multicultural education is to be able to produce generations of people beside being knowledgeable and skilled can also live together in society as khoiru ummah (the best society).
Una aproximación al cusqueñismo
Authors: Nieto Degregori Luis
Published: September 2020

Cusqueñísimo es la palabra con que se ha bautizado al sentimiento de profunda identificación de los cusqueños con su ciudad. Es casi un axioma, en la sociedad cusqueña, que este sentimiento se traduce en un afán, personal y colectivo, de trabajar por el progreso del Cusco, por devolverle el lugar de importancia que tuvo en épocas pasadas. Seguramente ésta es la razón por la cual es poquísimo lo que se ha escrito sobre este sentimiento tan presente en la vida de los cusqueños.
Hacia una nueva propuesta tecnológica
Authors: Frías Carlos
Published: September 2020

Según el Censo de Población de 1993, Cajamarca es el cuarto departamento más poblado, uno de los más pobres a nivel nacional y uno de los que tiene mayor población rural y ocupada en la actividad agropecuaria. Quizás por esto las propuestas de desarrollo más importantes para Cajamarca han tenido como eje de un desarrollo sostenible para el departamento. La realidad de Cajamarca nos muestra, sin embargo, que estas propuestas, siendo vitales, no son suficientes para lograr el crecimiento económico departamental, disminuir la pobreza y detener el éxodo y la migración de sus recursos humanos.
Amazonía
Authors: Ab'Saber Aziz
Published: September 2020

For dozens of years, beginning in the 1960s, the Amazon was presented to the Western world as a uniform and monotonous region, devoid of physiographic and ecological diversity. A space without people and without history, possible object of any manipulation through projects conceived from a distance, or unpunished subject of proposals for pharaonic works, linked to a false concept of development. Perhaps this is due to the successive and almost always irreversible failures of national policies for the Amazon.
Entre la obediencias y la evasión
Authors: Guarisco Claudia
Published: September 2020

En 1828, cuando la actual república ecuatoriana formaba parte aún de la Gran Colombia, Simón Bolívar re-instauró el antiguo tributo colonial bajo el nombre de "Contribución Personal de Indígenas". Luego de la separación, en 1830, Ecuador mantendría vigente el impuesto hasta 1857, año en que fue definitivamente abolido bajo la presidencia de Robles. La restauración significó un giro radical en el proyecto integracionista de la raza indígena debatido en el Congreso de Cúcuta, en  1821, mediante el cual se pretendía socializar a los indígenas a través del mercado.
Las ciudades, lo urbano y lo rural
Authors: Barrenechea Lercari Carlos
Published: September 2020

El presente texto es una reflexión que busca compartir experiencias y visiones sobre la múltiple y dinámica relación entre lo urbano y lo rural, y sobre el peso de las ciudades mayores en la corta experiencia de la regionalización, en el espacio de lo que hemos venido denominando el Gran Sur. Nos interesa, en particular, describir y ofrecer una lectura —antes que ocultar en el análisis racional— de la subjetividad de los actores sociales que, en éste como en muchos otros casos y temas, resultan muy importantes para entender nuestras posibilidades, pero también nuestros reiterados tropiezos.
Entre dos incertidumbres
Authors: Gonzales Alvarado Osmar
Published: September 2020

"Una imagen —dice Djuna Barnes— es un alto de la mente entre dos incertidumbres". Metáfora literaria, evidentemente, pero que revela con profundidad la función que cumplen en el conocimiento humano esas representaciones verbalizadas que son las imágenes. Como sabemos, éstas no reflejan la realidad misma, sino sólo un conjunto de aspectos básicos que permiten al individuo apoderarse de aquélla de manera simplificada, con el propósito de otorgarse seguridad frente al mundo y actuar en consecuencia. Las imágenes son parte de la constitución de la concepción del mundo que llega al sentido común mediante la educación y la socialización.
Presentación
Authors: Grández Moreno Félix
Published: September 2020

En este número de Allpanchis presentamos un conjunto de colaboraciones que nos sirven como un estímulo para abordar desde la región andina uno de los fenómenos más dramáticos y profundos del mundo contemporáneo: la exclusión económica, social, política y cultural de amplias franjas de la población. Reunidas prácticamente de manera espontánea, cada una de estas colaboraciones aporta elementos de comprensión de un fenómeno sumamente complejo.
Trenzado de religiones
Authors: Irarrázaval Diego
Published: September 2020

La población católica anda por ondulados caminos propios y también transita por grandes carreteras. En el Sur Andino del Perú el cristianismo universal es muy particular, con rasgos inculturados e interculturados. Se trata de uno de tantos casos latinoamericanos en que se entrecruzan varios tipos de creencias, ritos, éticas. Puede decirse que la gente común ha generado una eclesialidad polirreligiosa. Gran parte de la gente se autodefine e inscribe en el terreno católico. Pero éste no es uniforme, ya que están presenes distintas corrientes religiosas.
Laboriosidad y ociosidad en dos relatos andinos
Authors: Taipe Campos Néstor , Orrego Bejarano Rita
Published: September 2020

Con el presente estudio abordamos la visión que los campesinos de los Andes tienen sobre la laboriosidad y la ociosidad. Vamos a tomar como referenca de análisis dos relatos: el primeros es una fábula sobre La pericotita del campo y su comadre pito, el segundo es el mito De un hijo ocioso que se transforma en Qala Runtu (Venus).
Acerca de intelectuales y política en el Perú
Authors: Gonzales Alvarado Osmar
Published: September 2020

Reflexionar sobre la relación aludida en el título de este artículo es riesgoso y difícil. Riesgoso porque se puede no conseguir la distancia prudencial necesaria para el análisis y porque, en parte, es hablar sobre un asunto que concierne vivencialmente; difícil porque generalizar puede conducirnos a ignorar circunstancas y matices importantes que tienen que ver con las diferentes épocas, con los diveros tipos de intelectuales y con la variedad de formas que estos tienen de relacionarse con la política. De esta manera, los vínculos de los intelectuales con la política deben ser estudiados en una larga línea histórica que debe ser acotada por el tipo de intelectual que surge en cada momento. En otras palabras, al problema (relación intelectuales-política) hay que proveerle densidad histórica. Y esto es todo un programa de investigación.
La Pacificación en el Perú
Authors: Toche Eduardo
Published: September 2020

Luego de diecisiete años de haberse iniciado la subversión armada en el Perú, aparentemente queda muy poco por decir sobre la naturaleza misma del hecho. Basta hojear la bibliografía existente entre ella la obra más reciente, escrita por Peter A. Stern, donde la cantidad de páginas empleadas está hablando por sí sola de la preocupación que ha mereceido este tema por parte de analistas e investigadores.
Del horror a la costumbre
Authors: Constantino Toto Mario C.
Published: September 2020

En el amanecer del primero de enero de 1994, la nota discordante de las celebraciones del ingreso de México al club de países ricos fue colocada en la zona de los altos de Chiapas, al sur del país, por un grupo armado que declaraba formalmente la guerra al gobierno de la República. Sin duda, más de uno de los comensales de la noche de año nuevo sintió cómo las escasas certezas construidas alrededor del sueño de la modernización nacional quedaban suspendidas en el delgado hilo de la incertidumbre.
Identidades creyentes en tiempos de cambio
Authors: Caram Padilla, op María José
Published: September 2020

En el presente trabajo se intentará algo muy difícil: adentrarse en el misterio. Sí, porque así como es insondable la realidad de Dios, también lo es la del corazón de los hombres y mujeres que, interpelados por su Palabra, se ponen de pie y salen a buscarlo por los caminos de su historia personal y social. El pueblo aimara de Pilcuyo, lugar donde se ha desarrollado la investigación, cuenta con una larga experiencia de buscar a Dios en su vida y en su historia.
Búsqueda de caminos de las iglesias en tiempos de cambio
Authors: Caram Padilla María José
Published: September 2020

El actual contexto de cambio y globalización va incidiendo notablemente en la transformación de las identidades colectivas de base. Para aproximarse a este proceso histórico se ha formulado la siguiente hipótesis: estaría emergido un nuevo perfil del catolicismo desde el interior de los pueblos excluidos. El camino de verificación ha asumido la experiencia religiosa cotidiana de la gente  aimara del distrito de Pilcuyo.
Presentación
Authors: Bracamonte Allaín Jorge
Published: September 2020

Josué y Dora, el niño y la vieja protagonista de Estación central, nos conducen por los distintos caminos que transitan las poblaciones menos favorecidas de una gran metrópoli: Río de Janeiro. La pantalla nos confronta con las crudas imágenes de la pobreza y violencia cotidianas ocurridas en una estación central de metro, donde analfabetos, desempleados, mafiosos, niños de la calle y otros actores urbanos coinciden con sus respectivos itinerarios. Los protagonistas no son héroes ni villanos, son el uno y los demás contenidos de valor para presentar diversas escenas que, a modo de postales, emergen como puntos de referencia en el circunstancial itinerario de Josué y Dora.
Las alteridades de la modernidad
Authors: Gayol Sandra
Published: September 2020

Corría la década de 1870 y Buenos aires o lograba quebrar la impresión general de una ciudad todavía típicamente colonial. El aspecto de rural y la atmósfera campesina, ese peculiar aire de extramuros que invadía al visitante cuando se alejaba del centro, las insuficiencias de una estructura urbana carente de agua potable, electricidad, pavimentos, medios de transportes... las conductas tan poco "civilizadas" de unos habitantes tan poco "trabajadores"... sustentaron la convicción en los sectores dirigentes -terratenientes, profesionales y comerciantes que administraban la ciudad y dirigían la nación- de que todo estaba aún por hacer. Para torcer el rumbo, estos hombres no dudaron a la hora de priorizar las medidas: el recambio y el aumento de la población.
De "médicos dictadores" y "pacientes sometidos"
Authors: Armus Diego
Published: September 2020

La tradicional historia de la medicina ha sido una historia de cambios en los tratamientos y de biografías de médicos famosos. Más allá de sus específicos aportes, se trata de una historia que dialoga poco y al con la historia social y cultural y parece empeñada, ante todo, en reconstruir el "inevitable progreso" generado por la medicina diplomada, unificar el pasado de una profesión crecientemente especializada y resaltar cierta ética y filosofía moral que se pretende distintiva y emblemática de la práctica médica a lo largo de los años.
Algo más sobre el arielismo peruano
Authors: Gonzales Alvarado Osmar
Published: September 2020

En el número 50 de la revista Allpanchis Phuturinqa apareció un inteligente artículo de Ricardo Portocarrero titulado "¿Veto o fracaso? Apuntes sobre la intelectualidad peruana durante la República Aristocrática" en el que, tomando como punto de partida la crítica que hace a un libro mío dedicado a los intelectuales arielistas peruanos, expresa sus ideas respecto a ese gran tema que constituyen los intelectuales y hace referencia a nuestro país. No puedo dejar de agradecer su interés por mi libro, así como reconocer que existen muchos temas que necesitan ser investigados con mayor detenimiento.
Algunas reflexiones sobre la escritura de la historia del Tahuantinsuyo a partir de fuentes primarias (quipus)
Authors: Urton Gary
Published: September 2020

Se plantea cómo deberíamos repensar la naturaleza y el contenido de la información «histórica» contenida en los quipus y, a partir de esta nueva forma de acercarnos al contenido de estos artefactos, cómo me parece que podríamos escribir una historia del Tahuantinsuyo basada en fuentes primarias, materia sobre la que Sabine MacCormack escribió importantes ensayos con deslumbrante erudición. En pocas palabras, mi argumento es que la mayor parte de la información contenida en los quipus se refiere a estadísticas administrativas; por lo tanto, si repensamos la naturaleza de la historia –esto es, que ella no se ocupa de grandes hombres y batallas importantes, sino más bien de la economía, la demografía y la relación que la sociedad mantiene con el medio ambiente–, podremos efectivamente escribir una historia indígena del Imperio Inca.