bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retrospective of Providing Assistance to Children with Various Developmental Disabilities in Ukraine: X-XX Centuries
Authors: Lyndina Yevheniia Yu. , Kozynets Oleksandr V.
Published: June 2021

The study and historical and pedagogical analysis of aiding children with mental and physical disabilities make it possible to trace the development of the educational system and find ways to improve it. The purpose of the study is to investigate the issue of supporting children with various variants of developmental disorders during the 10th and 20th centuries in Ukraine, analysis and justification of the problem. To fulfil this purpose, archival sources and scientific studies of scientists who studied this issue were investigated. The main chronological events of caring for children with various disorders, which later became the basis for the development of special education, are substantiated. Based on the chronicles of the Ipatiev and Lavrentiy lists, the public’s awareness of the importance of raising children with hearing and speech impairments, as well as studying the elements of literacy and learning the craft, was clarified. The history of care for children with physical and intellectual disabilities in Ukraine during the 10th-20th centuries is examined. The study outlines information about the facts of the first attempts to provide pedagogical assistance in the education of the so-called “limited abilities” students in the public education system, which was preceded by the reform in the field of education. Historical data on the attitude of society towards children with various developmental disabilities in Ukraine in the period of 10th20th centuries are analysed, as well as the dynamics of development in the field of assistance to children with mental and physical disabilities in this period. The facts about the transfer of the problem of raising children with intellectual disabilities to private institutions and the opening of psychiatric hospitals, which aided persons with developmental disabilities. The study covered I. Sikorsky's contribution to the problem of providing aid and care to those whose mental underdevelopment is a psychological and pedagogical problem. For a deeper retrospective of aiding children with various variants of developmental disabilities in Ukraine in the 10th and 20th centuries, it is necessary to explore the arguments for opening and organising state assistance to various categories of children with mental and physical disabilities
Difficulties in the Development of English-Language Competence in Reading in High School Students of General Secondary Education
Authors: Vlasiuk Iryna V.
Published: June 2021

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the growth of intercultural communication in modern post-industrial society, resulting in the need to change opinions on the development of foreign language competence in school-age students for its effective improvement and further use in professional activities. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of the development of English language competence in reading in high school students of general secondary education and to find methods of overcoming difficulties in the process of mastering a foreign language. In the process of the study, the author used general scientific theoretical methods, including methods of analysis, synthesis, generalisation, and classification. Based on research results of Ukrainian and foreign scholars, the study characterised the basic opinions on the development of foreign language competence in reading, in particular, in high school students. The study defines the term “reading” and considers its main categories, such as types of reading, levels of comprehension of the text, general personal skills for perfect command of reading in a foreign language, etc. It was found that the main difficulties in the development of English competence in reading in high school students are general language, including spelling, and psychological, based on the lack of motivation to learn the language. Tips for English teachers are presented, focused on improving the development of English competence in reading in students, including the use of authentic materials, information technology, as well as the use of practical exercises that help improve reading aloud. The authors see the prospects for further research in the empirical substantiation of methods for overcoming the difficulties of developing English-language competence among high school students
Health Policy and Ladies Health Workers Stress During Fields Work: Case Study of District Muzaffargarh
Authors: Hashim Muhammad , Manj Yasir Nawaz , Shabbir Syed Waqas , Rizwan Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Lady Health workers are playing a central role in the community health improvement of the nations all over the country. Especially their role in polio eradication, health improvement (Sahit key dastak): campaign cannot be underscored. Working lady health workers facing a whole set of troubles equally in their family as well as in their professional lives such role conflict and overload push them into extreme psychological stress. They have to deal with their job while maintain customary role that overlap household tasks. Hence, in addition to their customary roles, look likes to be one of the key sources of stress that working lady health workers have to face. They take part in their duty as a companion like a mother as well as an earner and give extra time to job also face public extra adverse attitude towards their personal and professional life. The data was reviewed, searched from different search engine that are Google scholar, yahoo, Public policy book Bing, Baidu, Duck Duck GO, the data was taken through the prescribed phone calls.
The socket-shield technique and early implant placement for tooth rehabilitation: A case report
Authors:   PhD student, Postgraduate Program in Health and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, Oliveira Getúlio Batista de , Basilio Mariana de Almeida ,   Adjunct Professor, Department of Clinical Odontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, Araujo Nara Santos ,   PhD student, Postgraduate Program in Health and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, Cury Patricia Ramos ,   Adjunct Professor, Department of Periodontics, Postgraduate Program in Health and Dentistry, School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Published: June 2021

For a long time, different approaches to minimize the dimensional ridge alteration following tooth extraction have been described even though none of them was capable to avoid alveolar bone loss. The Socket-Shield Technique (SST) seems to be an alternative for alveolar bone preservation in dental extraction planning. This technique conventionally uses a flapless approach and the buccal root portion retention to prevent bone loss. This case report describes the SST with an early implant placement in a patient who presented the nonrestorable tooth # 15 due to the extensive cavity. After six months of the implant placement a porcelain-fused-to-metal crown was fabricated and screwed into the implant with a satisfactory esthetic and functional result. The SST is a non-invasive and effective approach to tooth extraction and rehabilitation, especially in the aesthetic zone. Approximately two-year follow-up shows a satisfactory aesthetic maintenance.
Nominal Agreement in L2 Speakers of Italian: Suggestions for a Teaching Plan
Authors: Casalicchio Jan
Published: June 2021

This paper addresses the topic of adult acquisition of nominal agreement in Italian, a crucial issue in teaching Italian as Second/Foreign Language. Building on a corpus containing spontaneous and semi-spontaneous production data from two advanced L2-speakers of Italian, I show that nominal agreement can be problematic even in the last stages of the acquisition process. The discussion of the instances of missing agreement in the corpus suggests that these are not due to a missing knowledge of the agreement rules in Italian, but instead on processing and production. In particular, some contexts prove to be more difficult than others: gender agreement (i.e., agreement with feminine nouns) is more difficult than number agreement, and the presence of two or more modifiers that refer to the same noun increases the error rate. Another difficulty is offered by the cases in which an item external to the determiner phrase (DP) has to agree with the subject of the clause. All these issues are tackled from a teacher’s perspective: I highlight how the various contexts could be addressed and considered in the classroom, in order to help the learners to improve their production. Therefore, this paper argues that the best way to tackle this issue is by coupling knowledge of the formal rules of the language and of the acquisitional process with practical application in the context of second/foreign language teaching.
Pemanfaatan Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic Dalam Pembuatan AI Game Bot Pada Game Arcade
Authors: Kusuma Susanto Evan , Kristian Yosi
Published: June 2021

Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic (A3C) adalah sebuah algoritma deep reinforcement learning yang dikembangkan oleh Google DeepMind. Algoritma ini dapat digunakan untuk menciptakan sebuah arsitektur artificial intelligence yang dapat menguasai berbagai jenis game yang berbeda melalui trial and error dengan mempelajari tempilan layar game dan skor yang diperoleh dari hasil tindakannya tanpa campur tangan manusia. Sebuah network A3C terdiri dari Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) di bagian depan, Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM) di tengah, dan sebuah Actor-Critic network di bagian belakang. CNN berguna sebagai perangkum dari citra output layar dengan mengekstrak fitur-fitur yang penting yang terdapat pada layar. LSTM berguna sebagai pengingat keadaan game sebelumnya. Actor-Critic Network berguna untuk menentukan tindakan terbaik untuk dilakukan ketika dihadapkan dengan suatu kondisi tertentu. Dari hasil percobaan yang dilakukan, metode ini cukup efektif dan dapat mengalahkan pemain pemula dalam memainkan 5 game yang digunakan sebagai bahan uji coba.
Identifikasi Biji-Bijian Berdasarkan Ekstraksi Fitur Warna, Bentuk dan Tekstur Menggunakan Random Forest
Authors: Alwi Luthfi , Hermawan Arya Tandy , Kristian Yosi
Published: June 2021

Abstrak - Proses identifikasi atau pengenalan biji-bijian merupakan aspek penting dalam dunia industri pengolahan pangan. Sebuah industri pangan berskala besar, proses pencampuran beberapa macam biji-bijian dalam pengolahan sebuah produk pangan sangat memperhatikan ketepatan dalam memilih bahan agar tidak terjadi kesalahan dalam proses produksi karena berpengaruh pada hasil akhir dari sebuah produksi. Agar tidak terjadi kesalahan yang fatal, diperlukan sebuah proses identifikasi dari bahan yang digunakan. Dengan sebuah sensor (intelligent camera) yang digunakan dari hasil sebuah proses identifikasi maka sebuah proses produksi produk pangan dapat berjalan dengan baik dan tidak terjadi kesalahan dalam pencampuran bahan. Proses pengidentifikasian terhadap beberapa varian biji-bijian dapat dilakukan dengan cara mengekstraksi fitur dari citra (image) dengan menganalisa melalui parameter warna, bentuk dan tekstur serta melakukan proses pengklasifikasian untuk mengukur tingkat keakuratan.  Penelitian ini melakukan identifikasi terhadap varian biji-bijian (padi, jagung, kacang tanah dan kedelai) dengan melakukan ekstraksi fitur warna menggunakan RGB dan HSV, ekstraksi fitur bentuk menggunakan Morphological Threshold dan ekstraksi fitur tekstur menggunakan Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) dan Local Binary Pattern (LBP). Untuk proses pengklasifikasian, peneliti menggunakan metode Random Forest Classifier (RF) untuk mendapatkan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi dengan batasan-batasan yang mempengaruhi keakuratan dalam proses pengklasifikasian untuk dikembangkan dalam proses selanjutnya. Peneliti menggunakan tools MATLAB R2015b untuk proses identifikasi mulai dari proses ekstraksi fitur sampai proses klasifikasnya. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang dilakukan didapatkan tingkat akurasi sebesar 99.8 %. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengambilan dataset berupa gambar atau image biji-bijian yang diteliti dapat dijadikan patokan untuk pengidentifikasian dan dapat dikembangkan dalam proses selanjutnya.
Analysing the Nepali Stock Market with Stochastic Models
Authors: Thagunna Karan Singh , Lochowski Radal M
Published: June 2021

In this article we analyse the behaviour of the Nepali stock market and movements of stock prices of selected companies using (i) Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) (ii) geometric Brownian motion model (gBm) and (iii) Merton’s jump-diffusion model. Using the daily returns of the NEPSE index and the daily returns of stock prices of selected companies we estimate the geometric Brownian motion model and Merton’s jump-diffusion model. Further, we compare both models to identify the best fit for the Nepali stock market data. Keywords: Black-Scholes model, Efficient Market Hypothesis, geometric Brownian motion, Merton’s jump-diffusion Model, Variance Ratio Test
Extract from Professor Isobel Armstrong's Memoir of Barbara Hardy
Authors: Armstrong Isobel
Published: June 2021

This is an extract from Professor Isobel Armstrong's memoir of Barbara Hardy, which appeared online in the Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the British Academy, XIX (posted 9 June 2020). The extract focuses on Hardy's critical innovations and her contributions to the study of George Eliot's novels.
Contenido nutricional de comidas rápidas a partir de tablas de composición de alimentos del INCAP
Authors: Cáceres Aguilar Alexandra María , Orozco Domínguez Grethel Verónica , Hernández Santana Adriana , Espinal Mejía José Raúl , Lanza Aguilar Stephany Bernardeth
Published: June 2021

Introducción. La industrialización alimentaria ha generado a nivel mundial una transición alimentaria que favorece la malnutrición, consistiendo en carencias y excesos por desequilibrio en la ingesta calórica. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el contenido nutricional de las comidas rápidas y resaltar sus repercusiones en la salud. Métodos. Se analizó el contenido nutricional de las comidas rápidas disponibles en las Tablas de Composición de Alimentos de Centroamérica (TCA) del Instituto de Nutrición de Centroamérica y Panamá (INCAP). Los valores de composición nutricional (grasa total, carbohidratos, proteína, fibra) y de energía, en 100 g (o 100 ml) de porción comestible de seis subcategorías fueron considerados. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo univariado para obtener las medidas de tendencia central y dispersión de cada variable de las subcategorías. Se aplicó un análisis de varianza (ANDEVA), con una separación de medias Duncan. Resultados. Se identificó un alto contenido proteico en las seis subcategorías, el más alto fue en la de “pollo frito y nuggets” (16 g) y el más bajo en “burritos” (9 g). En general, se presentaron niveles bajos de fibra, con un promedio de 2.2 g. Conclusión. La comida rápida estudiada se caracteriza por tener un alto contenido energético, de carbohidratos, proteína y grasa y bajo contenido de fibra. Su consumo habitual es una de las principales causas de aumento de peso corporal y presentan un riesgo sustancial a desarrollar enfermedades no transmisibles a largo plazo, por lo que disminuir su consumo es fundamental para cuidar la salud.
Ivermectin-induced fixed drug eruption: a rare adverse event
Authors: Mejía de Calona Alicia , Henríquez Rivas Odessa
Published: June 2021

On January 2021, a 62-year-old woman complained of “allergy” in her forearm. She had taken generic ivermectin (IVM) 6mg per week as COVID-19 prophylaxis for two weeks before the eruption. She stopped the medication and improved, but symptoms reactivated after IVM was restarted (A). On examination, there was a 4 cm diameter erythematous violaceous plaque. There was improvement after treatment with oral prednisolone and topical betamethasone (B & C). The patient had presented paracetamol-related eruption in her tongue some years before. Physicians should be aware of ivermectin-induced fixed drug eruption, since this drug is being widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic.
El Amigo de la Patria, evocación en el año de su segundo centenario de publicación
Authors: Martínez Paúl
Published: June 2021

El periódico El Amigo de la Patria fue el primero de múltiples proyectos editoriales de quien fuera llamado por allegados y adversarios en la América Central de la primera mitad del siglo XIX acertadamente como sabio: José Cecilio Díaz del Valle (1777-1834). La edición completa constó de 48 números que fueron publicados desde el 16 de octubre de 1820 hasta el 1 de marzo de 1822 en lo que fue el primer proyecto editorial de envergadura realizado por el prócer Valle. Inicialmente su periodicidad fue semanal, la que parcialmente fue cumplida en el primer semestre, volviéndose más intermitente a partir de septiembre de 1821, seguramente debido a las múltiples ocupaciones que Valle como uno de los principales funcionarios del gobierno centroamericano que dirigiera la nación recién independiente del dominio colonial español debió tener en esos primeros momentos de nación libre y soberana.
La experiencia de Fundación CAMO en el mejoramiento de la educación en el occidente de Honduras
Authors: García Bueso Yeny Arely
Published: June 2021

En Honduras, el 12.8% de las personas mayores de 15 años no sabe leer ni escribir, según un informe del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) del 2018. Los datos indican que la tasa de analfabetismo continúa siendo mayor en la población hondureña del área rural (20.2%). Adicionalmente, el analfabetismo es superior en las personas de mayor edad. Esta condición limitante es una de las principales razones del compromiso de Central American Medical Outreach (CAMO) en Honduras, organización internacional sin fines de lucro que ofrece servicios en educación, servicios médicos y desarrollo comunitario. CAMO Honduras se propuso en mejorar el acceso a la educación primaria y básica de los niños y niñas de escasos recursos económicos en áreas rurales, así como el mejoramiento de la calidad de educación en las escuelas rurales y urbanas que no cuentan con las condiciones adecuadas para la enseñanza y el desarrollo intelectual de la niñez.
Diseño de un enfriador por aire de tiro inducido con tubos aleteados para el enfriamiento de etanol
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Amaury , Hernández González Yosdany , Ranero González Elizabeth , Pérez Sánchez Eddy Javier
Published: June 2021

En el presente trabajo se diseñó un enfriador por aire de tiro inducido para efectuar el enfriamiento de una corriente de etanol. También se efectuó un estudio de sensibilidad para evaluar la influencia que presenta el incremento de tanto la temperatura del aire ambiente como la temperatura de entrada del etanol sobre tres parámetros de diseño. La relación porcentual entre el área proyectada por el ventilador y el área frontal (f) tuvo un valor de 43,13 %, el cual es superior al 40 % por lo que se establece que el diseño realizado es efectivo. La caída de presión total calculada para la corriente de etanol fue de 3 785,64 Pa, la cual no sobrepasa el límite máximo permisible establecido por el proceso (10 000 Pa). La potencia calculada de cada uno de los motores acoplados a los ventiladores alcanzó un valor de 897 W. Se sugiere operar a la menor temperatura posible del aire de entrada, y que la temperatura de alimentación del etanol al equipo se conserve en el valor establecido por el proceso (80 ºC) para que el parámetro f se mantenga superior al 40 %, y la potencia del motor no se incremente hasta alcanzar valores elevados.
Erosión hídrica superficial en la microcuenca del río Mancotal en Jinotega Nicaragua, 1996 - 2015
Authors: Gutiérrez Aguilar Isolina C. , Blanco Chávez Miguel E.
Published: June 2021

La microcuenca del río Mancotal es un efluente del embalse Apanás que demanda información cuantitativa sobre la tasa de erosión de los suelos.  La erosión de los suelos tiene un impacto negativo en la protección del embalse y se ha intensificado por el cambio del uso de vocación forestal a una agricultura de subsistencia.  En este contexto, se estimó la erosión hídrica superficial mediante el uso de la Ecuación Universal Revisada de Pérdida de Suelo (RUSLE). Con este modelo se obtuvieron los factores de erosividad, erodabilidad, la longitud y el gradiente de la pendiente, cobertura del suelo y prácticas de conservación. También se encontró que existe una correlación aceptable (r² =0.652), entre los valores de Erosividad de la lluvia (R) y el Índice Modificado de Fournier (IMF), por tanto, se puede estimar la erosividad utilizando los valores del IMF. Los resultados de la investigación mostraron que el 94.46 % de la microcuenca presentó un potencial de erosión alto, superior a 25 Ton/ha/año.
Hybrid DTC strategy based on predictive control with optimization of the PI controller parameters for TPIM drives
Authors: Ahmadi Taleshian Mehdi , Ghanbari Mahmood , Mehdi Rakhtala Seyed
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a novel hybrid Direct Torque Control (DTC) strategy based on predictive control with optimization of the Proportional-Integral (PI) controller to improve overall performances of Three-Phase Induction Machine (TPIM) drives is proposed. The presented control technique has contained merits of the DTC method such as fast dynamic response, simple structure, less dependence to machine parameters and merits of vector control method such as high accuracy. Furthermore, a hybrid DTC method with optimal voltage vectors is presented.  In the proposed control system, Genetic Algorithm (GA) is employed to obtain optimal values of the PI controller parameters. Finally, simulation results under the presented control strategy showed good performances of this method in comparison with DTC and vector control techniques.
Proposing new system for handling business data systems with more functionality and usability
Authors: Norozpour Sajedeh Norozpour , Momenzadeh Mohammad , Abolhasani Ali
Published: June 2021

This paper focuses on creating a Water Refiling Station Management System (WRSMS) for selected water refilling stations in Havana, Cuba as most of them still operate by means of pen and paper, a tedious as well as time-consuming process when it comes to recording, manipulating, editing, and retrieving data, which leaves room for errors. The WRSMS is capable of storing, processing, and monitoring sales, customer, employee, inventory and attendance data, which it can be used to create financial statement reports. Furthermore, expressive investigation technique is used in this paper to assess current system of selected water stations and the WRSMS in terms of functionality and usability. It also helped to determine the noteworthy alteration among current system and WRSMS assessment. The researcher used purposive sampling technique and an industry-validated instrument to assess functionality and usability of employees from selected water stations in the area and was able to get the participation of 15 different water-refilling stations and 30 employees. Some statistical tools are used for this research paper to have sufficient evidence to conclude that the majority of employees “agree” that their current system is functional and usable. However, once presented with the WRSMS, most employees “strongly agree” that the system is more useful to handle business data. The used t-test strengthens the point that the noteworthy alteration exists among ratings of the present system in addition to WRSMS when it comes to functionality and usability.
Corrosion resistance of urtites and urtite-based concretes
Authors: Belogurova Tatyana P. , Neradovskiy Yuriy N. , Bastrygina Svetlana V.
Published: June 2021

The utilization of unconventional technogenic raw materials in producing construction materials is a topical economic and environmental issue. The issue's resolution is impeded by the fact that the overburden rocks of apatite nepheline deposits contain nepheline classified as a deleterious impurity for concrete aggregates under the current standards. This paper is aimed to conduct specialized tests of rocks, aggregates, and concretes for evaluating the corrosion resistance of these materials in water and acid media. The work involved using physical mechanical techniques as well as light and scanning microscopy. It is scientifically validated that nepheline aggregate included in concrete and behaving actively as related to calcium hydroxide produces a denser area of contact with the cement matrix, which favours an enhanced corrosion resistance of concrete. The paper's information is scientifically and practically valuable for resolving the issue with recycling the mining waste of apatite nepheline deposits and utilizing their overburden rocks as concrete aggregates.
City with Smart Waste Management: Introducing Waste Bin Technologies
Authors: Majidi Arya
Published: June 2021

Population growth and urbanization have led to an increase in the rate of waste production, the lack of timely and proper management of which will have adverse effects on human life and the environment. Since most of the waste management costs are spent on waste collection and transportation, it is necessary to find solutions to control the huge costs of this sector. On the other hand, today, intelligent technologies are used globally as solutions to meet challenges in various fields such as agriculture to improve agro-industrial production, transportation, and waste management, which creates a concept called smart cities. One of the categories that has changed the concept of cities and made them have easier and smarter answers to various events and needs is the "Internet of Things", in which many cases and infrastructures with new hardware technologies and Software are integrated. Waste collection is no exception to this rule and efforts have been made to make it smarter. In this research, some of the latest innovations presented globally in order to make trash smarter have been examined.
On direct determination of shear force taken up by concrete in oblique cross-sections of reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Morozov Aleksei N.
Published: June 2021

A method has been presented for the direct determination of shear force in oblique cross-sections of reinforced concrete structures using a classic formula Q=bzτ, when the main problems of determining the shear force in oblique cross-sections are related to finding cleaving stresses in concrete and the shape of a stress-block of normal stresses in the design section, with no principles of practical division between the forms of failure in oblique sections due to concrete compression or shear. This work incorporates a criterion for dividing the forms of failure due to concrete compression or shear, based on the assumed shape of a compression stress-block with a segment cut away in a normal section, passing through the top of an inclined crack. The height of the compressed area in this normal section is defined from simultaneous solution of the equations of equilibrium in the moments in normal and oblique sections, from testing the experimental beams made of concrete and gas-concrete. This work deals with seeking the approaches for solving the above-mentioned problems in practice. The data of testing beams from gas-concrete and heavy-weight concrete have been used. Strain gauges were used to measure concrete and reinforcement deformities, computer processed thereafter. The studies have been considered on determination of cleaving stresses in oblique sections, further verified according to this method on certain alternative schemes of their application. A practical method for finding the shear force depending on the value of a shear span has been proposed. The work can encourage active discussion of this computation method.
Safety on Bike Lanes
Authors: Sommer Hanna , Zakrzewski Grzegorz
Published: June 2021

The article presents the assessment of safety on bike lanes in the opinion of the inhabitants of the Tri-City. The analysis was based on a survey of 172 cyclists of different sex, age and education. The research site was the attractive seaside lane Gdańsk–Sopot–Gdynia. The aim of the research was to evaluate the cycling culture and the sense of safety of cyclists on bike lanes.
Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Cylinders Bundle Coupling System Under Axial Flow
Authors: SHU Ya-feng , WU Jian-jun , YANG Yong-wei , LIU Wei-ming , TAO Kei-wei
Published: June 2021

Nuclear reactor fuel assemblies are mainly composed of cylinders bundle(CB), calculating the dynamics characteristics of CB under axial flow can lay a foundation for predicting fretting wear and vibration fatigue. In the paper, the CB coupling dynamic model of forced vibration under pulsating flow is established. And the stability analysis and natural frequency calculation of the CB system under steady flow are compared with the existing results to verify the model. Finally, the Runge-Kutta method is applied to solve the forced vibration equation of the CB under pulsating flow. The influence of the pulsating parameters m, w0,  on the amplitude-frequency characteristics and the motion trajectory of the midspan cross section of the CB under forced vibration are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the pulsating parameters have an important influence on the vibration of the CB system.
A Revised Approach for the Life Prediction of Metal Materials Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: HONG Haiming , WANG Jiaying , LI Peng
Published: June 2021

In this work, a new fatigue damage model considering the additive manufacturing (AM) effects is established. We first present the elastoplastic constitutive model with the newly established fatigue damage model considering AM effects. The method to calibrate the material parameters is put forward, and the numerical solution of the theoretical model is implemented. Second, the fatigue lives of two AM metal materials are predicted, and the applicability of the theoretical model is verified by the test results. Finally, the influence of the volume energy density ratio on the fatigue life of AM metal materials is analyzed, and the results show that the volume energy density ratio has a great influence on the fatigue behavior of AM metal materials. When the ratio is less than 1.0, the fatigue life increases rapidly with the increase of the ratio. The fatigue life increases with the stress ratio when the volume density ratio keeps as a constant. The research work in this paper provides a feasible method to predict the fatigue life of AM metal materials by continuum damage mechanics in engineering.
Phenomenology of Rhythm: The Role of Rhythm in Written Language
Authors: Feilberg Casper , Maul John
Published: June 2021

Based on existential-phenomenological perspectives from Merleau-Ponty and Løgstrup, we examine the significance of rhythm for written language skills. Rhythm is both omnipresent and a difficult phenomenon

to explore. Methodologically, the article presents phenomenological descriptions and exemplifications, not least a case study of a secondary school student with written language difficulties. Our intention is to illuminate connections between rhythmic perspectives in movement, speech, working memory and language as prerequisites for the acquisition of written language skills. We conclude that rhythm is an essential aspect of our bodily being, and based on the work of Merleau-Ponty, we are able to bring to light relationships between body, rhythm, and written language skills in ways that would not be possible from a natural scientific point of view. Inspired by Merleau-Ponty's analytical approach and the hermeneutic phenomenology of Ricoeur, we will combine an understanding perspective with both human scientific and natural scientific explanations, into a holistic interpretation. The article thus draws empirically on qualitative descriptions of rhythmic phenomena, and theoretically on perspectives from philosophy of language, developmental psychology and neuropsychology, but they are all interpreted in the light of existential-phenomenological ontology.
The Pitch as Meaning-directing Activity: Implications for Students and Education When Fast Pace and a Striving for Novelty Set the Scene
Authors: Nybye Nicolai
Published: June 2021

The elevator pitch is part of a global tendency toward homogenization of entrepreneurial content in educational programs (Fletcher, 2018), and this article shows how the pitch is naturalized as a new language because it must be decoded in order to pass an innovation course for health students at a Danish University College. A core communicative component of the pitch is speed. Using pragmatism, the article shows how the pitch guides the meaning making of students and how the compressed time element reduces the space for reflection. Thus, the educational rhythm is set by values from the pitch and innovation. Further, the article problematizes how the pitching situation separates the pitched end product both from reflections on possible consequences of new solutions and from the dynamic forces that actually created the pitch.
Theoretical study of picosecond anti-Stokes Raman frequency converter based on pump-probe method
Authors: Wang Cong , Lü Dong-Xiang ,   School of Science, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China,   The 18th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Tianjin 300384, China
Published: June 2021

Ultra-short pulse (picosecond) anti-Stokes laser can be obtained by using Raman frequency converter in a crystal medium by the coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering effect. The crystalline Raman frequency converter based on the pump-probe method can realize the collinear interaction of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, thus effectively improving the conversion efficiency of the anti-Stokes light. Theoretical simulation is an important means to study laser operation. Coupled wave equation is widely used to study the characteristics of Raman laser and anti-Stokes laser. Although the coupling wave theory of anti-Stokes Raman frequency shifter reported previously can reflect the operation law of the frequency shifter, the optimization of the frequency shifter and the influence of the frequency shifter parameters on the output characteristics of anti-Stokes laser have not been reported so far. In this paper, the picosecond anti-Stokes Raman frequency converter based on the pump-probe method is studied theoretically. Considering the generation of the first Stokes light in the probe channel and the second Stokes light in the pump channel, the coupled wave equation of the collinear picosecond anti-Stokes Raman frequency converter is established under the plane wave approximation. Without loss of generality, four dimensionless comprehensive parameters are introduced to normalize the equations. A set of universal theoretical curves describing the operation of the Raman frequency converter is obtained. The numerical solutions of the equations show that the performance of the Raman frequency converter mainly depends on three parameters: the normalized phase mismatch parameter ΔK, the normalized Raman gain coefficient G, and the energy ratio of the probe light to the fundamental light rprobe. The reasonable values of normalized variables are determined when the high efficiency anti-Stokes conversion is realized. Experimental data are used to verify the correctness of the theoretical model. The theoretical value of the anti-Stokes conversion efficiency is basically consistent with the literature data. The normalized coupled wave theory proposed in this paper is helpful in understanding the operation law of the picosecond anti-Stokes Raman frequency shifter, and has guiding significance for the design of the frequency converter.
Intercultural Communicative Competence in ELT Textbooks: The Case of Iranian High Schools
Authors: Ghasedi Parviz , Azizi Aliye
Published: June 2021

The major aim of the current study was investigating the extent to which the content of ELT textbooks used in Iranian high schools boosts language learners’ intercultural communicative competence. To this end, an in depth content analysis of Vision 1, Vision 2, and Vision 3 were done based on Hillard’s (2014) model in four phases. The results of statistical analysis indicated that the cultural topics covered in Vision Series were limited. Besides, most of the aural or written sentences and pictures were culture free. The textbooks contained no multicultural comparison and the authors used mono-perspective style in writing the texts, activities, dialogues, and exercises. Moreover, the series presented no information regarding historical backgrounds of the target culture. The findings of the study can be of great help for material developers and textbook writers. Also, the results make teachers and learners aware of the cultural content of the textbook.
The Effect of Globalization on Ethiopian Modern Literature
Authors: Dires Demeke Tassew
Published: June 2021

This article is an attempt to instigate (re instigate) scholarly discussion on how globalization affects Ethiopian modern literature in the way it is written, read and studied today. In the course of achieving this broad objective, the paper attempted to disclose main philosophical and literary issues that should characterize modern Ethiopian literature. Data were collected through document analysis and analyzed in a historical analysis method. The finding indicated that globalization has been affecting the aesthetic as well as thematic features of modern Ethiopian literature both positively and negatively since its emergence. In the early periods of its development, globalization was an opportunity for modern Ethiopian literature, for it enables writers to adapt western styles of storytelling, whereas it has become a trait for it starting from the third phase of its historical development, which is well-known as post-revolution period. This dynamic effect of globalization does not only affect literary characteristics of modern Ethiopian literature but also has a significant effect on defining it. Based on the discussions held in the analysis, this study, therefore, attempts to conclude by vigilantly forwarding the possible Ethiopian definition for Ethiopian literature.
Comparative sera proteomics analysis of differentially expressed proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wong Yin-Ling , Ramanathan Anand , Yuen Kar Mun , Mustafa Wan Mahadzir Wan , Abraham Mannil Thomas , Tay Keng Kiong , Rahman Zainal Ariff Abdul , Chen Yeng
Published: June 2021

Background

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has increased in incidence from 1990 to 2017, especially in South and Southeast Asia. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with a poor prognosis. Therefore, early detection of OSCC is essential to improve the prognosis of OSCC. This study aims to identify the differentially expressed serum proteins as potential biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods

Comparative proteomics profiling of serum samples from OSCC patients, oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) patients, and healthy individuals were performed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) (n = 60) and bioinformatics analysis. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (n = 120) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) (n = 70) were used to confirm our findings.

Results

The 2-DE analysis revealed that 20 differentially expressed proteins were detected in OPMD and OSCC (p < 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the activation of classical complement, liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) activation, and acute phase response signaling pathway are associated with the development and progression of OSCC. Most of the detected proteins are acute-phase proteins and were related to inflammation and immune responses, including apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1), complement C3 (C3), clusterin (CLU), and haptoglobin (HP). The expression levels of CLU and HP in ELISA are consistent with the findings from the 2-DE analysis, except for the mean serum level of HP in OPMD, whereby it was slightly higher than that in control. IHC results demonstrated that CLU and HP are significantly decreased in OSCC tissues.

Conclusion

Decreased expression of CLU and HP could serve as complementary biomarkers of OSCC. These proteins may assist in predicting the outcomes of OSCC patients. However, a larger cohort is needed for further investigation.
A Comparison between Early and Delayed Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Singh Amarjeet , Singh Manish , Singh Simran Preet , Sahni Bhavna
Published: June 2021

Introduction: A complete Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury can result in a progressively increasing symptomatic knee instability, which can cause recurrent intra articular damage and eventually results in osteoarthritis if not treated on time. Aim: To analyse the effects of delaying ACL reconstruction beyond a period of 12 weeks and compared the results with cases managed before that time period. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted between July 2017 to October 2019 in Government Medical College, Jammu on two groups of patients divided into early (<12 weeks) and delayed (>12 weeks) on the basis of interval between the injury and definitive surgery. ACL reconstruction was done using a quadrupled semitendinosus-gracilis graft. A standard rehabilitation protocol was followed and the results were compared. Patients were followed-up till one year postsurgery. Software used for statistical analysis was EpiInfo Version 3.0 and SPSS. Results: A total of 72 patients were included in the study. Forty patients were in the early group and 32 in delayed. Male patients outnumbered the females in both the groups and the incidence of injury was more on the right side. Sports injuries were the most common mode of injury, followed by falls and road traffic accidents in both the groups. The incidence of grade 3/4 medial and Lateral Meniscal (LM) tears was more in the delayed group and the association was statistically significant (p<0.05). There was significant thigh wasting in the delayed group (p<0.05). Two patients were lost to follow-up and were not included in the study. Conclusion: Delay in ACL reconstruction surgery predisposes to higher grade meniscal lesions and significant thigh wasting and hence the surgery should be preferably done within the first 12 weeks after injury.
Application of Agar-agar as Food Additives
Authors: Junianto . , Ashila Yasyfa , Rahmatunnisa Shafira , F Ghefira Zahra
Published: June 2021

This review article aims to study the types of seaweed that can be processed into agar, agar extraction methods, characteristic of agar, and application of agar as a food additive. Based on articles and other literature reviews, it can be concluded that: 1) The types of seaweed that can be extracted into agar-agar are Gracilaria sp., Gelidium sp., and Gelidiella sp. 2) Extraction of agar from seaweed can be done using the methods of Yolanda and Agustono [1], Wicaksono et al. [2] and Shantika et al. [3]. 3) The characteristic of agar can be reviewed from particle size, moisture content, ash content, heavy metals, pH, solubility, turbidity, gel strength, and viscosity. 4) Agar-agar as a food additive had been applied to analog rice, jelly drink, and edible film making.
Bayesian Inference on Regression Model with an Unknown Change Point
Authors: Ojo Oluwadare O
Published: June 2021

In this work, we describe a Bayesian procedure for detection of change-point when we have an unknown change point in regression model. Bayesian approach with posterior inference for change points was provided to know the particular change point that is optimal while Gibbs sampler was used to estimate the parameters of the change point model. The simulation experiments show that all the posterior means are quite close to their true parameter values. The performance of this method is recommended for multiple change points.
Certain Subclass of Bi-univalent Functions Defined by Sălăgean Differential Operator Related with Horadam Polynomials
Authors: Hussein Dhirgam Allawy
Published: June 2021

The goal of this paper is to introduce and investigate a new subclass   of bi-univalent functions using  the Horadam polynomials and Sălăgean differential operator. Furthermore, coefficient estimates are given for   and Fekete-Szegő inequalities for this subclass are obtained.
Effect of Different Mulching Materials on Yield and Growth Parameters of Tomato Crop
Authors: Yarlagadda Nagalakshmi , Vinnakota Yesubabu
Published: June 2021

The present investigation was carried out to study the performance of yield and growth parameters of tomato crop under different mulching materials. This experiment was conducted at Vikas College of Engineering and Technology, Nunna, Vijayawada during the period from Jan 2020 to April 2020. The experimental field has an area of 180 m2 (15m × 12m) and divided into 4 plots i.e., Drip with plastic mulch (A), Drip with live mulch (coconut coir) (S), Drip without mulch (M) and Control (without mulch and without drip) (K). Growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves per plant, soil parameters like bulk density, soil temperature, soil moisture and yield were observed for each treatment. Crop water requirement was calculated using CROPWAT 8.0. The results showed that the bulk density has no effect between the treatment plots. The soil moisture in initial stage is more in K and least in S; in flowering stage, M was high and least in K and in harvesting stage, it is high in A. The soil temperature was high in K and least in A. The readings of number of leaves was observed high in A and least in K. It was observed that highest yield was obtained in A and least in K. The weed control efficiency was found to be highest in A (57%) followed by S (41.3%) and weed control efficiency was lowest in M (22.8%).
Thermal Behavior of the Natural Convection of Air Confined in a Trapezoidal Cavity
Authors: Koumbem Windé Nongué Daniel , Ouédraogo Issaka , Bagaya Noufou , Kieno Pelega Florent
Published: June 2021

The thermal behavior of air by natural convection in a confined trapezoidal cavity, one of the walls of which is subjected to a constant heat flow in hot climates, has been analyzed numerically. The heat and mass transfers are carried out by the classical equations of natural convection. These equations are discretized using the Finite Difference Method and the algebraic systems of equations thus obtained are solved with the Thomas and Gauss algorithms. We analyze the influence of the number on the current and isothermal lines as well as the effects of the aspect ratio A = l / H and the angle of inclination φ. In particular, we have shown that convective exchanges in the cavity are preponderant for high Ra numbers. Also we have watches the increase in the values ​​of the isothermal lines and the decrease in the intensity of the streamlines for the low values ​​of A and of the angle φ.