bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient Attitudes Toward Telepsychiatry During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide, Multisite Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Guinart Daniel , Marcy Patricia , Hauser Marta , Dwyer Michael , Kane John M
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated movement restrictions forced a rapid and massive transition to telepsychiatry to successfully maintain care continuity.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to examine a large number of patients’ experiences of, use of, and attitudes toward telepsychiatry.

METHODS

An anonymous 11-question survey was delivered electronically to 14,000 patients receiving telepsychiatry care at 18 participating centers across 11 US states between the months of April and June 2020, including questions about their age and length of service use, as well as experience and satisfaction with telepsychiatry on a 5-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and report data.

RESULTS

In total, 3070 patients with different age ranges participated. The overall experience using telepsychiatry was either excellent or good for 1189 (82.2%) participants using video and 2312 (81.5%) using telephone. In addition, 1922 (63.6%) patients either agreed or strongly agreed that remote treatment sessions (telephone or video) have been just as helpful as in-person treatment. Lack of commute (n=1406, 46.1%) and flexible scheduling/rescheduling (n=1389, 45.5%) were frequently reported advantages of telepsychiatry, whereas missing the clinic/hospital (n=936, 30.7%) and not feeling as connected to their doctor/nurse/therapist (n=752, 24.6%) were the most frequently reported challenges. After the current pandemic resolves, 1937 (64.2%) respondents either agreed or strongly agreed that they would consider using remote treatment sessions in the future.

CONCLUSIONS

Telepsychiatry is very well perceived among a large sample of patients. After the current pandemic resolves, some patients may benefit from continued telepsychiatry, but longitudinal studies are needed to assess impact on clinical outcomes and determine whether patients’ perceptions change over time.
AN LC-MS/MS BASED BIOANALYTICAL APPROACH TO RESOLVE PHARMACOKINETIC INVESTIGATION OF ACOTIAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE AND ITS APPLICATION TO BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDY
Authors: HALDER DHIMAN , DAS SOURAV , GHOSH BALARAM , BISWAS EASHA , ROY SUKANTA , BOSE ANIRBANDEEP , SINGH NAVJOT , PAL TAPAN KUMAR
Published: October 2020

Objective: Acotiamide, a prokinetic drug used to treat Functional Dyspepsia, which acts by modulating gastric motility. However, in this present study, a simple and accurate bioanalytical method was developed for the estimation of Acotiamide in human plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and validated according to US-FDA guideline.

Methods: The method was developed in blank human blood plasma; propranolol was used as internal standard (IS). Protein Precipitation technique was followed for the extraction of the drug from the plasma sample. In liquid chromatography, the C18 analytical column (50 x 3 mm, particle size-5 μm) was used; as a mobile phase, 0.1% formic acid in Mili Q water, and ACN with methanol (1:1) used, at 0.50 ml/min flow rate. Detection was done by positive electrospray ionization (ESI) with a run time of 7 min in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Eight calibration concentrations were taken, ranging from 1.5625-200 ng/ml for Acotiamide. Different stability studies were performed and obtained results found within the acceptable range. Moreover, a comparative pharmacokinetic analysis was done in 24 healthy human volunteers in a single dose, randomized, crossover study.

Results: The precursor to production reaction was; m/z 451.200 → 271.200 for Acotiamide and m/z 260.300 → 116.100 m/z for IS. The obtained calibration curve was linear, with a mean r2value 0.9953. Among the pharmacokinetic parameters, Cmax and Tmax were 25.71±2.31,23.61±2.32 ng/ml; 2.54±0.12, 2.43±0.21 h for reference and test samples, respectively.

Conclusion: No major adverse events were noted in the clinical phase, the developed method was accurate and linear; obtained pharmacokinetic parameters hence represented.
DEVELOPMENT OF FLOATING GASTRORETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM BASED ON A NOVEL EXCIPIENT FOR METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE USING MIXTURE DESIGN
Authors: PAWAR R. , JAGDALE S. , RANDIVE D.
Published: October 2020

Objective: The present study aimed to develop a new SR metformin hydrochloride (MH) gastroretentive formulation with novel excipient (NE), which has better floatation and can be prepared with more simple pharmaceutical techniques for the treatment of diabetes Mellitus.

Methods: A gastro-retentive floating matrix tablet (GFT) formulation of MH was prepared using various concentrations of PEO (Polyox WSR-303) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K100M (HPMC K100 M) and Floating agent (novel excipient) to achieve desirable TFT, FLT and drug release. The wet granulation method was selected using isopropyl alcohol as a binder for the preparation of tablets. D-optimal non-simplex mixture design was used for the selection of suitable polymer concentrations and floating agents. Release kinetics was used to determine the mechanism of drug release.

Results: It was observed that GFT with optimum quantities of PEO, HPMC K100M, and the floating agent showed 100 % of drug release in 24h with FT up to 24h and minimum FLT of less than 2 min. Formulation with an in vitro release profile slower to the marketed sample was prepared.

Conclusion: A sustained-release (GFT) of MH tablets using PEO-, HPMC K100M, and an effervescent system was successfully prepared. AGFT formulation with an in vitro release profile slower to the marketed sample that releases MH for 24h may suitable for once-daily dosing can be prepared.
ASSESSMENT THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF NIGELLA SATIVA UNDER DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Authors: SALAHELDIN SABRI , HENDAWY SABER FAYEZ , HUSSEIN MOHAMED SALAH , SOLIMAN WAGDI SABER
Published: October 2020

Objective: Nowadays, one of the growing industries is the herbal drug-based medicaments. This study sought to assess the quality and yield characterizes of black cumin under different locations through Egypt to introduce final analysis information for producers and exporters in Egypt.

Methods: This experiment was carried out in seven sites in different locations through Egypt to assess the growth, yield and essential oil content of black cumin plants as following; four sites in El-Minya Governorate, two sites in Bahariya Oasis, and one site in Aswan Governorate.

Results: Cultivation locations significantly affected on quality and growth characteristics. The highest seed and fixed oil yields (830 kilogram seeds and 206 kilogram fixed oil) were observed under clay loam soil (Old Land farm), while the lowest yields (500 kilogram seeds and 105 kilogram fixed oil) were observed under sandy soil (El-Nanaaih farm) at El-Menya. The highest content of active substance (Fixed oil %) was observed in clay loam sandy soil of Sekem farm and the lowest in Lena farm with sandy soil at Bahariya Oasis. Neither seed yield nor fixed oil content showed significant correlation with Na+, Cl-, and HCO3--of irrigation water. Although plants cultivated in Wadi El-Nokra at Aswan produced low fixed oil content (18.3%), main components, Linoleic and Oleic acid, were relatively high.

Conclusion: The assessment of Nigella sativa under different locations gave evidence of the interactions between weather and soil properties and their impact on the quality and yield of oil of Nigella sativa plants.
CHLOROQUINE AND HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE: A MAJOR BREAKTHROUGH FOR COVID-19
Authors: VERMA KRITIKA , KUMAR INDER
Published: October 2020

Coronavirus pandemic or COVID-19 is a global public health emergency at this period. Presently, no pharmacological treatment is known to treat this condition. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a derivative of chloroquine (CQ), was first synthesized in 1946 by adding a hydroxyl group to CQ, which is much less toxic than CQ in animal studies. Other than being an anti-malarial drug, it was revealed to have various pharmacological effects and one of those is its anti-viral property. CQ, as well as HCQ, has been used in SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) coronavirus infection due to its antiviral properties. Even though various scientists have considered HCQ as a better therapeutic approach than CQ for the treatment of coronavirus infection, there are various adverse drug reactions associated with HCQ treatment in COVID-19 patients. In this paper, we review the anti-viral mechanism, various adverse drug reactions, and side effects of HCQ for COVID-19 treatment.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННЫЕ АНТИОТРАЖАЮЩИЕ ПОКРЫТИЯ ДЛЯ ARF-ФОТОЛИТОГРАФИИ (193 НМ)
Authors: Джонс М.М. , Пронин А.Л. , Грибов Б.Г. , Варламов Д.А. , Беклемышев В.И.
Published: October 2020

Представлены результаты разработки отечественных антиотражающих покрытий, соответствующих современным требованиям ArF-фотолитографии (193 нм). Оценены спектральные, пленкообразующие свойства, а также проведено сравнение с существующим импортным аналогом.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ КОММУТАЦИИ КРИСТАЛЛОВ ПРИПОЙНЫМИ ШАРИКАМИ С ПОДКРИСТАЛЬНЫМ КОМПАУНДИРОВАНИЕМ
Authors: Змеев С.В.
Published: October 2020

Рассмотрены технологические аспекты процессов сборки кристаллов методом флип-чип с межкристальной безфлюсовой коммутацией припойными шариками размером 60 мкм с подкристальной заливкой высокотекучими компаундами.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ВЕРХНЕЙ ГРАНИЦЫ РАЗДЕЛА НА ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ЯЧЕЕК РЕЗИСТИВНОЙ ПАМЯТИ НА ОСНОВЕ PT / SIOX / TIN
Authors: Мутаев И.А. , Дмитриева А.В. , Горнев Е.С. , Красников Г.Я. , Зенкевич А.В.
Published: October 2020

Исследовано влияние энергии конденсирующихся частиц при формировании верхнего электрода Pt на электрические характеристики ячеек резистивной памяти на основе Pt / SiOx / TiN. Показано, что этот параметр определяет образование дефектов на верхней границе раздела, что в дальнейшем влияет на электрофизические характеристики.
ФОТОННЫЙ АЦП
Authors: Якушенков П.О.
Published: October 2020

Показаны преимущества аналого-цифрового преобразователя на фотонной интегральной схеме по сравнению с АЦП на транзисторной электронике. Рассмотрены некоторые схемы реализации фотонного АЦП, их сравнение, а также варианты проектирования, моделирования и реализации фотонного АЦП на существующей в России технологической базе.
ЭНЕРГОНЕЗАВИСИМАЯ ПАМЯТЬ RERAM НОВОГО ПОКОЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Хвальковский А.В. , Гапиан Э. , Вальдез Х. , Шово А. , Белановский А.Д. , Сприкут М. , Салынский Н.А. , Крупник В.
Published: October 2020

Статья посвящена технологии энергонезависимой резистивной памяти, поставленной в компании «Крокус Наноэлектроника», ее свойствам, первым изделиям и будущим продуктам на ее основе.
ВОПРОСЫ РАЗРАБОТКИ ДОВЕРЕННОГО КОГЕРЕНТНОГО ОПТИЧЕСКОГО ТРАНСПОНДЕРА ДЛЯ ПЕРЕДАЧИ СИГНАЛОВ 100 ГБИТ/С
Authors: Волков С.А. , Овсянкин С.В. , Рыженко И.Н.
Published: October 2020

Реализованы алгоритмы формирования и обработки сигналов когерентных оптических систем, позволяющие построить базовые блоки цифровой обработки сигналов в СБИС отечественного производства.
Síndrome de burnout. Biodesarrollo y reversión de impactos en el sector de la salud del estado de Guanajuato, México
Authors: Aguilar Camacho Mario Jesús , Luna Correa José Enrique , Tovar Vega Alma Rosa , Blancarte Fuentes Enrique
Published: October 2020

El síndrome de burnout es una patología severa que se manifiesta más en los profesionales de la salud que en los de otras profesiones. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar su prevalencia en el personal médico, paramédico y administrativo que labora en hospitales del sistema de salud pública del estado de Guanajuato. La metodología del estudio es exploratoria, descriptiva, transversal y correlacional. Se utilizó el inventario Maslach Burnout. Los resultados demuestran que el personal médico presenta un índice de 44% en agotamiento emocional, 7.1% en despersonalización y 7.1% bajo en realización personal. De la rama paramédica se observó que 36.4% presenta un índice alto en agotamiento emocional; 22.7% alto en despersonalización y 54.5% bajo en realización personal. Participaron 135 trabajadores. Se concluye que el síndrome aparece en 9.1% de los participantes. Se sugiere implementar un programa preventivo y correctivo, válido para evitar o retrasar sus manifestaciones.
Competencias de adaptabilidad y factores de éxito académico del alumnado universitario
Authors: Álvarez-Pérez Pedro-Ricardo , López-Aguilar David
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se analizan los factores que intervienen en la transición, adaptabilidad y éxito en la formación universitaria. Con el estudio se pretendía identificar las características de los estudiantes bien adaptados y con buen rendimiento en la educación superior. Los datos recogidos a través de un cuestionario con una muestra de 208 estudiantes de 36 titulaciones universitarias, reflejaron que el rendimiento en las etapas previas es un factor determinante de la adaptabilidad. Los estudiantes de éxito mostraron metas claras, alta satisfacción con la titulación elegida, buen conocimiento del perfil profesional, constancia en el proceso de estudio, asistencia a clase, etcétera. La fijación de este perfil es importante como referente para la orientación al alumnado preuniversitario, para que desarrollen competencias de adaptabilidad y preparen el acceso a los estudios de grado.
El uso del campus virtual para la tutorización y seguimiento del trabajo fin de grado: valoración del profesorado y propuesta de formación
Authors: García-Antelo Beatriz , Casal-Otero Lorena
Published: October 2020

Este trabajo presenta un estudio de corte descriptivo en el que han participado 282 profesores/as de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC), España, y cuyo objetivo consistió en analizar el uso del campus virtual para realizar el seguimiento y tutorización de los Trabajos Fin de Grado (TFG). Para la recogida de información se hizo uso de un cuestionario elaborado ad-hoc. Los resultados evidencian el bajo porcentaje de uso del campus virtual con este fin, argumentando la preferencia por la tutoría de carácter presencial y el desconocimiento de las posibilidades de esta herramienta. Consecuentemente, también se presenta una propuesta formativa dirigida a los/as docentes que deseen mejorar sus competencias en este campo.
Liberalists and data-solutionists: redefining expertise in Twitter debates on coronavirus in Finland
Authors: Valiverronen Esa , Laaksonen Salla-Maaria , Jauho Mikko , Jallinoja Piia
Published: October 2020

Based on recent accounts of the sociology of expertise, we analyse the public contestation and expansion of expertise in the context of COVID-19. During the epidemic, the expertise of the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), became increasingly contested. By exploring Twitter discussions concerning the actions of THL during the first months of the epidemic from January to mid-June 2020, we analyse the main motivations and arguments in this public contestation as well as the alternative forms of expertise proposed by the critics. We focus particularly on two forms of criticism arguing for what we call networked expertise: liberal crowdsourcing supporters and data-solutionists presenting alternative epidemiological models.
COVID-19 and science communication: a JCOM special issue
Authors: Massarani Luisa , Murphy Padraig , Lamberts Rod
Published: October 2020

The devastating effects of COVID-19 and the speed of both the scientific and medical response and the public information requirements about frontline healthcare work, medical advances and policy and compliance measures has necessitated an intensity of science communication never seen before. This JCOM special issue — the first of two parts — looks at the challenges of communicating COVID-19 and coronavirus in the early spread of the disease in 2020. Here we present papers from across the world that demonstrate the scale of this challenge.
Tatbiq al-Tariqah al-Qiyasiyyah wa Uslub NHT bi al-Bitaqah al-Takammulah li Tarqiyah Qudrah al-Talibat ‘ala Fahm al-Qawa‘id al-Nahwiyyah bi Ma’had Dar al-Ihsan
Authors: Dewi susanti  , Moch Fajarul Falah
Published: October 2020

Al-Qawa’id al-Nahwiyyah is one of three important elements in a language. The students should learning qawa’id to know the correct last line of the word in arabic language, then to help them in increasing their speaking and writing well and right by a good language. So that, the researcher used the qiyasiyyah and uslub NHT by using bitaqah takammulah for increasing student’s achievment to comprehend qawa’id nahwu at Darul Ihsan school. Because after the researcher make the observation, the researcher found many of mistake n error language structure, the students  express the error example in making some sentence (error language structure), beside of the tehnique or media in teaching learning process was not interesting. The purpose of the research is to know the effectiveness of the application of qiyasiyyah and uslub NHT by using bitaqah takammulah for increasing student’s achievment to comprehend qawa’id nahwu at Darul Ihsan school, also how far the student’s response after applied it. In this research the researcher used true-experimental method with post-test only control group design. The population of this research is all the students of MTsS Darul Ihsan, consist of 740 students, in this case the researcher used random sampling by cluster tehnique  and the researcher took two classes as sample and those are class 2f dan 2e. The instrument of this research is the test and questionnaire after analizing the data, the result of this research shown that the result of ttest was higher than ttabel in significant standard 5% was 7,36 > 2,00. Base on the research result, the researcher conclude that the application of Tariqah Qiyasiyyah and uslub NHT by using bitaqah takammulah is effective for increasing student’s achievement in comprehend qawa’id nahwu at Darul Ihsan boarding school.
Tatbiq Tariqah al-Ta’allum al-Ta’awuni bi Uslub JIGSAW li Tarqiyah Qudrah al-Talabah ‘ala Fahm al-Nusus al-‘Arabiyyah (Dirasah Ijraiyyah bi Ma’had SMPIT Madrasah al-Quran Aceh Besar)
Authors: Aulia agustiar  , Nur chalis
Published: October 2020

Students at SMPIT Madrasatul Quran boarding school memorize verses of al-Quran, memorize Arabic vocabulary, learn Arabic grammar and learn Arabic texts. This process will be a good attempt to improve students' ability to read and understand Arabic texts. In reality, however, some students are not able to read and understand Arabic texts well, as there are errors in "makhrajul huruf", errors in "late rendering", errors on "stop places while reading texts" and are unable to " explain the meaning of the text read". Therefore, the researcher wanted to study the application of cooperative learning method with Jigsaw model to improve the ability of SMPIT Madrasatul Quran boarding school students to understand Arabic texts. The purpose of this study is to know the process of teaching students, students' responses to learning and to know the efforts of teachers in applying cooperative learning methods with Jigsaw model to improve the ability of SMPIT Madrasatul Quran boarding school students in understanding Arabic texts. The approach of this research is procedural research method. The research results that cooperative learning method Jigsaw model is effective to improve the ability of SMPIT Madrasatul Quran boarding school students in understanding Arabic texts. As a proof that the value of students in the first round is 66.89 (accepted). In the second half was 72.58 (acceptable). In the third round was 82.58 (good). In the fourth round their value increased to 86.20 (good). And also after observing learning by using cooperative learning method, there is a change in teaching and learning process. And the efforts of researchers in finding solutions to student problems have increased their competence and courage to read and understand Arabic texts
Penggunaan Media Kartu Gambar untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan pada Anak Tunagrahita Ringan
Authors: Halimah Halimah
Published: October 2020

Isi Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pada anak tunagrahita ringan kelas II SDLB Negeri Bambi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Data dalam penelitian ini diambil berdasarkan hasil tes,observasi, dan yang menjadi sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas II Tunagrahita ringan  SBLB Negeri Bambi yang berjumlah empat orang yang terdiri dari satu siswa perempuan (RA) dan tiga siswa laki-laki ( T.RF, AF, SAF). Penelitian ini berlangsung dalam dua siklus, pada pembelajaran siklus pertama menunjukkan hasil dua siswa sudah memperoleh nilai diatas KKM atau sudah tuntas sedangkan nilai dua siswa lagi masih dibawah KKM atau belum tuntas,sehingga dilanjutkan ke siklus kedua dan hasil yang diperoleh keempat siswa sudah memenuhi nilai KKM. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa media kartu gambar dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan pada anak tunagrahita ringan.
Pemahaman Masyarakat terhadap Nusyuz dan Dampaknya terhadap KDRT dalam Rumah Tangga
Authors: . Nurzakia
Published: October 2020

Islam regulates the resolution of nusyuz (disobedience) for husbands and wives in the Qur'an Surah an-Nisa’ verse 34 and an-Nisa’ verse 128. Within the Islamic law, the resolution of nusyuz does not promote any violence against wives. Beatings to wives as stated in Surah an-Nisa’ verse 34 should be interpreted as actions to give lessons. However, some cases of domestic violence, relate to the understanding of nusyuz developed within the community. People generally understand nusyuz as an act of a wife's disobedience towards her husband. This inaccurate understanding of nusyuz may lead to domestic violence by the husband, under the pretext of a disobedient wife, while most often it is the husband who is disobedient. In this present study, the field research approach was used. The data collection techniques included interviews and documentation. The data were then analyzed using the qualitative descriptive analysis by interpreting and describing the data. The results of the study revealed that there were three groups of people that understood the concept of nusyuz differently at Ingin Jaya Subdistrict of Aceh Besar District. The first group perceived that nusyuz could be present both in the wife and in the husband. The second group argued that the nusyuz attitude only existed within the wife, whereas the third group had no idea of the concept of nusyuz at all even though they might have done it. The public understanding of nusyuz is very likely obtained from their educational background. Those studying in Islamic boarding schools have had more knowledge of religion and vice versa. Here, most of the interviewees stated that the concept of nusyuz was closely related to domestic violence because public perception had been highly influenced by Surah an-Nisa’ verse 34 concerning the beating of a nusyuz wife. This perception has then given the husband a valid reason to physically beat the wife who has been considered nusyuz. Thus, it is difficult to separate the Islamic doctrine that has long developed within the lives of today’s Muslim communities.
Wahhábi dalam Perspektif HUDA dan Implikasinya terhadap Kehidupan Sosial Keagamaan di Aceh
Authors: Miswar Khairil
Published: October 2020

The HUDA, Himpunan Ulama Dayah Aceh (Association of Aceh Traditional Islamic Scholars) has generally viewed the Wahhabism as a heretical group. However, in practice the HUDA ulemas (Islamic scholars) have a different assessment on Wahhabi-developed teachings, either in theology or in fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence). This study examined the perceptions of the HUDA on Wahhabism and their implications for socio-religious life in Aceh. This was a qualitative study, combining library research and field research. The approach used was the sociological-phenomenological approach. Data were collected by interview and literature survey. Findings indicated that, in terms of theology, the HUDA perceived the Wahhabi movement asdeviant and heretical. In the case of fiqh, however, the Wahhabism has not followed any madhhabs (schools of thought) or mixed them. While in the socio-religious life, the Wahhabis often accused others of practicing bid‘ah (heresy) and shirk (polytheism). There were also some HUDA ulemas who considered Muhammadiyah part of the Wahhabism. The HUDA also believed that LIPIA, As-Sunnah Islamic boarding school, and Imam Shafi‘i boarding school were some educational institutions involved in spreading Wahhabism in Aceh. As Wahhabism has spread throughout Aceh, there have been resistance movements by the dayah ulema, leading to trigger people’s social movements. The study concluded that the HUDA has developed a negative perception towards the Wahhabism. As a consequence, the perception has caused hatred to arise within the community towards the Wahhabism. This also resulted in the emergence of dayah ulema’s resistance and refusal movements to the Wahhabism in Aceh.
Metode Penulisan Kitab Gharib Al-Hadith Serta Pengaruhnya pada Perkembangan Ilmu Hadis
Authors: Bin Abdullah Yasir
Published: October 2020

The golden age of Islam was in the second and third ages of the Hijri. In that century, Islam had many stories of the greatness of Muslims and treasures of Islam in writing are also very many. One of the most popular Kitabs of the time was Kitab Gharib al-Hadith Abu `Ubayd al-Qasim ibn Sallam al-Harawi. Ulema were amazed because completely contents presenting, so that the Ulema were happy with the Kitab because there’s of what they needed. The Lafaz Gharib Hadiths and it’s explanations is known contens, then how is the method of writing the Kitab Gharib al-Hadith created by Abu `Ubayd al-Qasim bin Sallam al-Harawi? And also, the Kitab is favored by the next Ulema, so how does development influences of the Kitab to the next Gharib al-Hadith? The two big questions will be answered by using descriptive analysis methods in primary data and secondary data. The proces of data analysis uses inductive patterns model. To get answers to these questions, this research by using Library Research. Result the research is that Kitab Gharib al-Hadith created by Abu `Ubayd has the following writing methods : 1. Abwab al-Musnad Method, 2. Naqd al-Sanad Method, 3. Wajiz al-Kitabah Method, 4. Tafsil al-Bayan Method, 5. The Perpose Method on a Hadith, 6. Method of using al-Ma'thur, 7. Method of Using al-Qadaya al-Lughah. In this addition, Abu `Ubayd's Kitab Gharib al-Hadith has a good influence to Ulema who lived with him and after him, among others : there are Ulema who reference the Hadith as Hujjah, there are Ulema who rewrite the Gharib al-Hadith, there are Ulema continue the writing of Gharib al-Hadith, there are the Ulema summarizing the Gharib al-Hadith al-Harawi, there are Ulema who follow the method of writing the Gharib al-Hadith al-Harawi, and there are Ulema who make new methods. In conclusion, Abu `Ubayd's Kitab Gharib al-Hadith has 7 methods in writing. In this addition, this Kitab has a major influence on Islamic treasures, thanks to the Kitab was born other Kitabs both one field and another.
Peran Farid Husain dalam Perdamaian Aceh
Authors: Syah Putra Rahmad
Published: October 2020

This study concerns the process of resolving the Aceh’s conflict and the role of one of the leaders in Aceh's peace, Farid Husain. The purpose of this study is to examine and to discuss the history of the resolution of the Aceh’s conflict, and the role of Farid Husain in Aceh peace In collecting the data, this study uses historical and descriptive analytical methods. The method of data collection is through three methods, namely observation, interview and documentation study. The results showed that during the conflict in Aceh, very much effort was made by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia to resolve the Aceh’s conflict, starting from the reigns of President Soekarno, Suharto, BJ, Habibie, Abdurrahman Wahid, Megawati Soekarno Putri, to President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's Government and Vice President M. Jusuf Kalla who became the solution to the peaceful conflict in Aceh through intensive direct dialogue between facilitated by the Crisis Management Initiative (CMI). Farid Husain was one of the people involved in the Aceh peace process who played a role in opening communication with GAM leaders and working behind the scenes to supply information about Aceh and GAM in the interests of the Indonesian peace team in resolving the Aceh conflict through peaceful means. The results of the study also found that the Aceh peace process was collectively carried out by various parties, not involving one actor, one of which was Farid Husain who played the role of To See The Actor, also involving various other figures including the Acehnese leaders themselves.
Análisis de marcadores óseos de estrés en poblaciones del Holoceno Medio y Tardío inicial de la sabana de Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Gómez Mejía Juliana
Published: October 2020

Se presentan los resultados del análisis comparativo de marcadores óseos de estrés no específico aplicado a 113 individuos cazadores-recolectores provenientes de algunos sitios precerámicos de la sabana de Bogotá, Colombia, ubicados cronológicamente entre 8000 y 3000 14C A. P. Los métodos empleados permitieron hacer una aproximación a las condiciones de vida de la muestra investigada y comprender la influencia que tuvieron los cambios de los modos de subsistencia sobre la salud. Los resultados muestran una tendencia temporal al incremento en la frecuencia y severidad de algunos marcadores óseos. Este fenómeno, teniendo en cuenta el contexto arqueológico, no estaría relacionado con un desmejoramiento de las condiciones generales de vida, sino con el crecimiento poblacional, los cambios en la dieta y un mayor contacto entre grupos debido al desarrollo y dispersión de la horticultura.
Cuando Cristo “se metió” a El Islote: culto evangélico, atmósfera ritual e interacciones sociales en un territorio insular del Caribe colombiano
Authors: Leiva Espitia Andrea
Published: October 2020

Este artículo se basa en una etnografía del culto evangélico que se practica en El Islote, un territorio del Caribe colombiano que se caracteriza por su alta densidad demográfica. Pretendo ilustrar una forma de religiosidad discontinua y fluctuante encarnada en la figura de dos pastores itinerantes, por medio de la descripción y el análisis de su incursión en la isla en el año 2010. Esta aproximación se presenta como una alternativa a la mayoría de los estudios sobre la presencia evangélica en Colombia, que se refieren a la existencia coherente y estable de las iglesias urbanas. Aquí me concentraré en la realización local del culto evangélico, entendido como un escenario provisto de dispositivos rituales como la música y las habilidades retóricas de los pastores, por cuyo medio se hacen explícitas situaciones de la vida social que en las interacciones cotidianas tienen generalmente una condición tácita.
Evaluación de los factores nutricionales y antinutricionales de cuatro especies vegetales que pueden tener potencial forrajero
Authors: Fonseca M A , Barreto L , Granados J
Published: October 2020

Propendiendo por el fomento de la producción agropecuaria con criterio sustentable y sostenible y dentro del marco ecológico se seleccionaron cuatro especies vegetales propias de las regiones del trópico alto de la cordillera oriental colombiana, Se analizaron diferentes factores nutricionales y antinutricionales, así como el índice de digestibilidad in vitro. Se determinó el análisis químico proximal (AQP) de materia seca (MS) materia orgánica (MO), materia inorgánica (cenizas, CZ) y proteína cruda (PC). Mediante las variables fraccionales de Van Soest se analizaron los porcentajes de proteína verdadera (PV), fibra detergente neutra (FDN) y fibra detergente àcida (FDA); por el método in vitro de Tilley y Terry se determinó el porcentaje de digestibilidad de la proteína, y se determinaron polifenoles totales (PFT), y cuantitativa y cualitativamente otros factores antinutricionales (FAN). Los rangos dentro de los cuales se determinaron los porcentajes de las variables son: MS 35,86 – 39,12; MO 92,33 – 98,24; CZ 1,76 – 7,67; PC 15,88 – 25,58; PV 15,62 –25,19; FDN 31,51 – 63,16; FDA 21,8 – 40,95; Digestibilidad 28,51 – 43,75; PFT 3,56 – 21,16; taninos hidrosolubles (TH) 1,61 – 6,81; igualmente desde el punto de vista cualitativo presentaron de poco a moderado contenido de saponinas, presencia moderada a alto contenido de terpenos saturados, presentaron fenoles catecoles, algunos esteroides y poca presencia de alcaloides. El modelo estadístico experimental que se aplicó fue completamente al azar, el cual se define como: un procedimiento físico experimental, aplicando medios que aseguran que cada tratamiento tiene una probabilidad igual de ser puesto a prueba sobre cualquier grupo particular de unidades experimentales (Fisher, 1935). Los datos obtenidos en el trabajo de laboratorio fueron analizados usando el programa para Windows SPSS 15.0; con dos factores, (a) zonas (fototrópica, media y geotrópica); (b) corresponde a cuatro especies. Modelo para el factor a * b con tres réplicas totalmente al azar para cada zona.
Parámetros de calidad de producción de biogás a partir de pulpa de café
Authors: Quinchía-Jaramillo Yuly Andrea , Pérez-Serna Johana , Doria Herrera Gloria María , Sánchez Acosta Yesid
Published: October 2020

La generación e inadecuado manejo de los residuos de la industria cafetera, dependiendo del tipo de procesamiento y siendo la vía húmeda de las más populares, representa importantes afecciones a los cuerpos de agua y suelo, debido a que esta es arrojada a dichas fuentes sin ningún tipo de tratamiento. Dentro de las opciones más versátiles para el aprovechamiento de estos residuos agroindustriales generados se destaca la digestión anaerobia. La digestión se caracteriza por ser una tecnología sostenible ya que las bacterias anaerobias que allí yacen son capaces de transformar este residuo en metano, que es combustible de valor agregado y más para zonas de difícil acceso. En esta investigación, se realizó una revisión sobre estudios reportados con relación a las principales variables que generan un impacto en la aplicación de la tecnología. Para lograrlo, se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en buscadores y bases de datos especializados, se aplicó la metodología PRISMA para la selección de los mejores estudios y con ello se realizaron conclusiones para la aplicación de esta a nivel experimental. Se encontró que entre 30 a 40 °C es la temperatura óptima, que el pH tiene un rango de trabajo que oscila entre 6.8 a 7.2, la agitación se sugiere de media a baja velocidad con el propósito de promover homogeneidad dado que una excesiva agitación puede destruir los agregados bacterianos, inoculación depende de la materia orgánica y finalmente la inoculación, es requerida debido a que este tipo de residuos no poseen poblaciones bacterianas metanogénicas, por esta razón, siempre se requiere la incorporación de inóculos para la optimización del proceso.
NEW QUADRATIC FUNCTIONAL EQUATION AND ITS (HURS)
Authors: BİÇER Emel
Published: October 2020

The primary subject in the stability of differential equations is to answer the question of when is it real that a mapping which roundly satisfies a differential equation must be close to an exact solution of the equation. For this reason, the Hyers-Ulam and Hyers-Ulam Rassias stability of differential equations is fundemantal. Currently, researchers have used various methods (open mapping, direct method, integral factor, fixed point method) to research that the Hyers-Ulam Rassias and Hyers-Ulam stability of differential equations. The direct method has been succesfully apllied for investigate of the Hyers-Ulam Rassias stability of many different functional differential equations. But it does not enough for some important cases. The second most popular method is the fixed point method.In this study, we make an attemp to establish the Hyers-Ulam Rassias stability (HURS) of a new quadratic type functional equation (QFE)g({ +
+ + ) + g({ 􀀀
􀀀 􀀀 ) = 4g({) + g(
+ )
+ g(
+ + 2) 􀀀 g({ 􀀀 ) 􀀀 g({ + );
by direct method and fixed point method. We consider that this research will contribute to the related literature and it may be useful for authors studying on the Hyers-Ulam Stability of the quadratic functional differential equations.
The Development of Auditing Standards at the PCAOB and Related Audit Practitioner Input
Authors: Williams L. Tyler , Wilder W. Mark
Published: October 2020

SYNOPSIS

The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB; Board) maintains that constituent feedback plays an essential and dynamic role in its audit standard-setting process. We examine a major source of constituent feedback, responses to standard-setting questions, using a sample drawn from the original proposals of 14 PCAOB auditing standards. We find that after receiving comment letter feedback to the standard-setting questions, the Board revises approximately half of its guidance tied to those questions. We also explore the related comment letters of eight professional auditing firms subject to the PCAOB's annual inspection program and discover varying levels of opposition to and support for the PCAOB's proposed authoritative guidance. We observe PCAOB revision to authoritative guidance highly contested by the firms in more than three-fourths of cases of standard-setting questions and PCAOB non-revision to guidance highly supported by the firms in more than 90 percent of cases.

Data Availability: Publicly available.
The State of Segment Reporting by U.S. Public Entities: 1976–2017
Authors: Botosan Christine A. , Huffman Adrienna , Stanford Mary Harris
Published: October 2020

SYNOPSIS

This paper offers an in-depth data-driven overview of the history and status as of 2017 of segment reporting by public entities trading in U.S. capital markets. Our analysis focuses on the perceived issues identified in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) 2016 Invitation to Comment on the FASB's Agenda—the extent of disaggregation into reportable segments, the stability of segmentation over time, the line items disclosed, and the reconciliation of segment to consolidated totals. We document the trends in and status of segment reporting as of 2017 as another round of efforts to improve segment reporting proceeds. The paper concludes with a discussion of several unanswered questions suggested by the data.

Data Availability: Most of the data are available from public sources. The FAF user survey and FAF preparer survey are subject to a nondisclosure agreement with the Financial Accounting Foundation.

JEL Classifications: K20; K22; M40; M48.
Atık Cam Tozu İçeren Alkali – Aktive Edilmiş Cüruf Harçlarının Mekanik, Por Yapısı, Termal Yalıtkanlık ve Mikro Yapı Özellikleri
Authors: BOSTANCI Levent
Published: October 2020

Enerji ve doğal kaynak tüketiminin sınırlandırılması fikri, günümüzdeki sürdürülebilirlik politikalarının odak noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Yüksek enerji gereksinimleri ve doğal kaynak tüketimleri sebebiyle çimento harçları için alternatif arayışı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu amaçla; bu çalışmada alkali-aktive edilmiş cüruf harçlarında atık cam tozu ilavesinin harç numunelerinin mekanik, por yapısı, termal iletkenlik ve mikro yapı özelliklerine olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Atık cam tozu, harç karışımlarında ağırlıkça %15, %30 ve %45 oranlarında doğal kum ile yer değiştirilmiş ve tüm harç karışımlarında bağlayıcı malzeme içeriğinde çimento yerine ağırlıkça %50 oranında da cüruf tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, %15 seviyesindeki kum – atık cam tozu yer değişimi için sınırlı düzeydeki mekanik dayanım düşüşü ile termal yalıtkanlık özelliklerinin %35 düzeyinde artabileceğini ortaya koymuştur. Atık cam tozu katkılı alkali-aktive edilmiş cüruf harçları, üstün termal yalıtkanlık özellikleri ve sürdürülebilirlik politikalarına uyumlu çevre dostu özellikleri ile gelecekte çimento harçları yerine kullanılabilecek potansiyeli işaret etmektedir.
Contact potential difference of alloy steel after heat treatment
Authors: Aref`eva L. P. , Sukiyazov A. G. , Dolgachev Yu. V. , Shakhova L. S.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The paper considers an actual issue of the development and application of a non-destructive method for controlling the quality of surfaces of steel products (Kelvin probe method). The work objective is to establish the magnitude of the contact potential difference (CPD) of steel 107WCR5 after heat treatment.

Materials and Methods. The object of study is alloy tool steel 107WCR5. The chemical composition of the samples was refined through the optical emission analysis method. To carry out the statistical processing, there were three samples in three series. We chose different heat treatment modes for each series, i.e., quenching with low tempering, strengthening and normalization. The end surfaces of the samples were polished and then one of them was treated with a solution of nitric acid. Further, the measurement of the contact potential difference and statistical data processing were carried out.

Results. The data obtained show that the CPD value of steel 107WCR5 samples changes after heat treatment. With an increase in tempering temperature, the contact potential difference of the polished surface and the hardness, decrease almost linearly. Exposure to acid causes a significant decrease and equalization of the contact potential difference for all structures. The contact potential difference of steels 107WCR5 and CT105 is compared. Alloying steel by the elements with the work function values of the electron higher than that of iron causes a decrease in the CPD between the standard and the sample. The CPD behavior under a change in the composition of the steel depends strongly on the presence of alloying elements. The dependence of CPD on the dispersion of the structure is seen in both cases; however, it is more pronounced for 107WCR5 steel. The electron work function of the martensite, troostite, and sorbitol structures obtained as a result of heat treatment of steels 107WCR5 and CT105 is calculated.

Discussion and Conclusions. The dependence of the contact potential difference on the structure, chemical and phase composition was experimentally established; the electron work function of steels 107WCR5 and CT105 was calculated. This technique is more sensitive to alloy steel samples than to carbon steel. It seems possible to conclude that the measurement of the contact potential difference can be used to control surfaces exposed to active media or elevated temperatures as a non-destructive express diagnostic method.
Desain Uji Coba Kit Praktikum Sel Galvani Menggunakan Tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum) Pada Materi Elektrokimia
Authors: Ningsih Listia , Octarya Zona
Published: October 2020

ABSTRAKDalam proses belajar mengajar peserta didik memiliki pemahaman yang rendah, media yang digunakan masih kurang bervariasi sehingga dibutuhkan suatu alat peraga berupa kit praktikum sel galvani menggunakan tomat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendesain kit praktikum sel galvani menggunakan tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum) sebagai media pembelajaran pada materi elektrokimia yang valid berdasarkan validitas ahli materi, ahli media, praktikalitas guru dan respon peserta didik. metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan modifikasi model Brog and Gall di MA Pondok Pesantren Bahrul ‘Ulum Al-Islamy. teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu berupa wawancara, angket,  dan dokumentasi. kit praktikum sel galvani yang didesain memperoleh persentase kevalidan sebesar 87,71% yang berarti kit praktikum sel galvani dinyatakan sangat valid. persentase kepraktisan kit praktikum sel galvani yang diperoleh sebesar 89,61% yang dinyatakan sangat praktis dan mendapatkan respon yang baik dari peserta didik dengan persentase 92,06% dan hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa kit praktikum sel galvani menggunakan tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum) pada materi elektrokimia sudah valid, praktis dan mendapatkan respon yang baik dari peserta didik.Kata Kunci : Kit Praktikum, Tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum), Elektrokimia, Research and Development (R&D)
Efforts to Improve Learning Outcomes on Craftsmanship and Entrepreneurship in Vocational School of Project Based Learning (PjBL) Learning Model
Authors: Sukrah Mohammad
Published: October 2020

Based on field data, patterned group learning has not been put into practice in SMK Negeri 6 Malang in a planned manner. The effect of group formation is not visible on learning outcomes, meaning that learning outcomes and learning interests of students are low. Cooperative learning model emphasizes the activities of students in small groups, they work together to help each other in understanding the material business opportunities in the subjects of craftsmanship and entrepreneurship they learn. This learning consciously and deliberately has created an attitude of mutual love to avoid offenses and misunderstandings that can cause animosity among students. This research is a Classroom Action Research using the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model as an effort to improve learning outcomes in craftsmanship and entrepreneurship at SMK Negeri 6 Malang specifically the subject matter of handicraft business opportunities. The research findings state that it is proven by the acquisition of the percentage of student learning outcomes criteria, namely in the first cycle there was an increase in learning outcomes by 15 (44.12%) students had reached the KKM, and those who had not yet reached the KKM were known to be 19 (55.88%) participants students. While in cycle II as many as 30 students (88.24%) have been completed while the rest (11.76%) are still below the KKM in the sense of 34 students over 75% above the KKM with an average grade increased from 63 in the first cycle to 84 in cycle II.
Increase Adult Learning Motivation through Promotion of Their Needs
Authors: Setiawati Setiawati , Aini Wirdatul
Published: October 2020

The writing of this article is motivated by the author's direct experience as the leader of the community service team at Padang State University, in various locations and places of service, including in the Sungai Buluh Timur community. The problems that have arisen so far are the low motivation of the community to participate in learning, especially regarding learning materials related to theory. This is seen from the arrival of those who are often late, lacking focus in learning, wanting to go home quickly. The author suspects, this happens because the community still does not feel that learning is carried out as a necessity. The purpose of this paper is in order to describe the nature of the needs and learning needs of adults, how adults learn, and also stated things that need to be done so that learning in society can be realized as a need. It is hoped that this paper can be used as input for practitioners engaged in community development, have awareness and insight in conducting learning activities so that the community is able to see their learning needs and at the same time be able to help the community to get out of the life problems they face.Keywords: Learning Motivations, Learning Needs
Cosmopolitanism and Oscillation in Orhan Pamuk’s My Name is Red
Authors: Brameswari Catharina
Published: October 2020

This research emphasizes on the challenges stemming from the attempts in inventing Turkey’s new ideal identity faced by the miniaturists in Orhan Pamuk’s My Name is Red. It focuses on the encounter and tension between the East and the West that is symbolized in the usage of the Italian Renaissance painting style by Turkish miniature painters. There are two issues discussed namely the East-West oscillation and the complex desire to imitate others. The miniaturists face the predicament in the development of Turkey’s new ideal identity, which is represented in the appropriation of the Italian Renaissance Painting. I employed library research which borrowed Said’s discourse on Orientalism and Bhabha’s Postcolonialism in order to dismantle the endless oscillation in My Name is Red. Through his work, Pamuk wants to emphasize his position for not taking sides. Additionally, he tries to raise his critic to Turkey’s abrupt modernization and suggests hybridity as the solution to the predicament of the East-West oscillation.