bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UPDATES ON BIOINFORMATICS DATABASE RESOURCES FOR PLANT GENOMICS
Authors: Abbiramy Dr. K.S. , Sugunakala Dr. S. , Thenmozhi Dr. K. , Akilandeswari Ms. T.
Published: June 2024

Advancement in genomic sequencing technologies causes a radical change in agricultural research. Currently, Plant biologists have simplest access to massive genome sequencing data to understand plant densities based on genetic deviation. Therefore, in contemporary plant genomic research, it is imperative to employ bioinformatics tools comprehensively to effectively manage and analyze omics data while maintaining a sympathetic approach. Numerous plant genomic databases have been acknowledged and are steadily growing in size in recent years. Simultaneously, bioinformatics-based analytical techniques have made significant advancements across various facets of plant genomic research. For example, prediction of evolutionary relationship, comparative genome based function prediction and whole genome wide association studies. However, the persistent challenge in plant genomic research remains the ongoing enhancement of IT infrastructure, including the development of high-capacity data storage and analysis software. This chapter highlights on the existing database resources for various plants that will potentially helps the plant scientists in the current era of plant genomics.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MICROBES FROM NAIL SAMPLE AND ANTIDERMATOPHYTIC ACTIVITIES ON LASOWMNIA INTERMIS. ALOE BARBADENS
Authors: Krishnaveni Dr. R. , Nithyasri V. , Kaviyarasi S. , Susithra Ms.
Published: June 2024

The present work carried out on isolation and characterization of microbes from nail samples and antidermatophytic activities with Lasowmnia intermis . Aloe barbadens .The Objectives of the present study include, isolaton of microbes from nail, samples of school student in different age groups Enumeration of microbes after washings hands with Dettol solution and Alloevera (Alloe barbadensis) soap and checking the microbial load. Comparative study of antimicrobial activity of Henna (Lawsonia inermis), Dettol solution and Alloevera (Alloe barbadensis) soap.Fungal infections is a significant health problem in our country. Invasive fungal infections cause of mortality. Death rates from invasive fungal infections remain unacceptably high
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF DRIED LEAVES ( samanea saman) FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION AND MANURE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Sumathi Dr. R , Ahmalina Ms. J. Nooru , Krishnaveni Dr. R.
Published: June 2024

Biogas is a potential an alternative energy source particularly for rural community. Biogas produced by decomposition of live stock wastes.manure from poultry,cattle and pigs.biogas arte ecofriendly .The maharastra state is first in biogas plants.India has over 5 billions biogas plants all around the country. Eventhough the technology is simple and is available worldwide. High technology with improved efficiency plants has been introduced . The study suggests that biogas technology encouraged, promoted, and implementation and demonstration. In this work, the anaerobic digestion using microalgae and their residues, resulting from biogas digester for biodiesel production, using two inoculums (sludge and poultry manure) for biogas production was investigated. The biogas generated from microalgae residue from the extraction process .The biochemical estimation ,pH, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium. This approach based on a bio refinery concept and focusing on the anaerobic digestion process could be a key technology for energy production from biomass.
ESTIMATION OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF TRIDAX PROCUMBANS
Authors: Krishnaveni Dr. R. , Sihana B. Rosan , Sudharsana R. , Pashariya M. Rabiyathul
Published: June 2024

The main aim of this work is to prepare Bioenzyme of Tridax procumbans. The wound sample collected from infected person for the isolation and characterization of microbes and testing antimicrobial activity of wound with the Bioenzyme of Tridax procumbens. The Bioenzyme was prepared from the fresh,mature, healthy leaves. The analysis of antioxidantand enzyme activities were estimated. From the aqueous extracts were prepared. The present study carried out isolation and characterization of microbes from wound infection and testing its antimicrobial activity with the bioenzyme . Staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated and tested its antioxidant and antiinflamamtory rsponse. The isolated microbes tested against Bioenzyme of Tridax procumbens extract. The maximam zone observed on Staphylococcus aureus (18 mm) and the minimum zone observed on Pseudomonas (14 mm) followed by Escherichia coli (13 mm). In this study the Tridax procumbens Bioenzyme shows phytochemical compounds ,tannins, saponins, flavonoid, alkaloids, glycosides and phenols. Hence, through this study,these medicinal plants might be useful as antioxident and antimicrobial agents.
ADVANCES IN NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR CREATING ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS
Authors: Bisht Shiwali , Tyagi Lovely
Published: June 2024

One of the greatest threats to global public health today is the growth of multidrug-resistant (MDR) microbial diseases, with 10 million deaths predicted by 2050 if nothing is done. Science and medicine have been changed by nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is becoming more and more important. The unique characteristics of nanoparticles enhance the biological, chemical, and physical qualities investigated for numerous applications. The use of simple formulations, pure molecules that have been retro-synthesized, primarily from herbal sources, and have fewer side effects is receiving major attention in the synthesis of nanoscale modulators. In order to create nanoparticles, green chemistry has developed a tangential method for synthesizing metals and metal oxides. As reducing intermediates, bacteria, fungi, and yeast are combined with plant extracts (leaves, stems, and shoots) to create nanoparticles.Microbiology research has demonstrated that nanoparticles can eliminate bacteria, fungus, viruses, and protozoa. These antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties are present in these green nanoparticles. The majority of nanoparticles have strong antibacterial characteristics, indicating they could be employed to fight biological pollutants and illnesses. These nanoparticles have an antimicrobial effect on pathogenic microbes, including pathogens that are multidrug-resistant and cause significant diseases. The current study will open the door to enhanced nanoparticle production techniques and future applications, opening the door to a novel path in Nano-life sciences that will gain general acceptance.
FACTOR MODEL OF REGENERATIVE CITIES
Authors: Jayaprakash Sumana , Swamy Vimala
Published: June 2024

In the wake of the inability of the present approaches to address the urban challenges, it is replaced by the regenerative paradigm which has the capacity to holistically resolve the issues starring starkly at mankind. As cities continuously use the natural resources they are faced with the challenge to find methods to help regenerate the natural systems. We attempt to propose a factor model that addresses the dynamism of the symbiotic relationship of the urban with the natural environment and one that aligns the human goals with the larger economic, social and environment systems. The methodology adopted was based on people participation that seeks to define the ways of thinking as well as the context based tangible actions. Factor analysis was the statistical technique used (1) Factor analysis based on the principal component analysis method using the software XLSTAT 2021.1.1.1089 - (2) Construct a factor model of Regenerative cities . (3) Interpret and label the factor dimensions. The results of the analysis indicated that the first two principal components accounted for 47.29% of the total variance of the original dataset. Almost all variables were positively correlated to each other and contributed well to principal components PC1 &PC2. The observations were not so well clustered; as there were a few outliers. The model developed is made up of eight characteristic features with each character made up of two parts. One is the gross, ever undergoing changes and the other is a relatively subtle slow changing entity. Both are intertwined, inseparable and seem to be one entity even though they inherently work as two separate entities. This partnership of restorative relationship emerged as the key organizing principle for urban operations. The limitation of the work was that people participation was represented as students well versed with the subject matter.
MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM: BASIC CONCEPT AND CHALLENGES AHEAD
Authors: Agarwal P. K. , Tanwar R. , Patel S.
Published: June 2024

The Multimodal Transportation System (MMTS) stands as a promising solution to the intricate mobility challenges that contemporary urban environments face. This chapter extensively explores the foundational concepts of MMTS and their applicability within the dynamic context of India's rapidly urbanizing landscape. By seamlessly weaving together diverse transportation modes—ranging from roadways and railways to public transit and non-motorized options—MMTS aims to optimize efficiency, amplify connectivity, and curtail environmental footprints. This chapter not only elucidates the core tenets of MMTS but also casts light on the formidable obstacles that lie on the path of its integration within India. While MMTS holds the potential to alleviate traffic congestion, abate pollution, and bridge infrastructural gaps, the intricate tapestry of India's transportation ecosystem—comprising varying cultural inclinations, regional requisites, and administrative complexities—poses challenges that necessitate innovative strategies for effective implementation. Through the examination of pertinent case studies, policy frameworks, and urban planning models, this paper underscores the urgency of tailor-made solutions that adeptly navigate India's socio-economic and infrastructural intricacies. It discerns hurdles such as regulatory harmonization, robust infrastructure establishment, behavioral shifts, and the assurance of equitable access, offering a multifaceted understanding of the road ahead for MMTS implementation. In closing, the prospects that an adeptly executed MMTS brings to India are substantial—ranging from optimized urban mobility to diminished environmental burdens. Nonetheless, these benefits hinge upon the proactive mitigation of anticipated challenges. This paper strives to enrich the discourse on MMTS by proffering a comprehensive panorama of its bedrock principles, contextual relevance in India, and the strategic endeavors requisite for surmounting impending obstacles.
DEEP LEARNING ALGORITHM FOR OPTIMIZATION OF WAIT TIME AT A TRAFFIC SIGNAL CONTROLLED INTERSECTION FOR SMART TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
Authors: Sura Sahil , Gupta Himmi
Published: June 2024

The urban landscape is constantly shifting and adapting as a result of factors such as population increase, immigration, and changes in the economy, politics, and culture. Concerns like growing road obstruction, transit delays, pollution levels, consumption of gasoline, etc. have resulted from higher traffic volumes in metropolitan areas. Life expectancy, road safety, environmental quality, and commute times are all impacted by traffic congestion. At junctions, traffic lights play a crucial role in regulating vehicular flow. The traditional pre-timed traffic systems have been ineffective due to the dramatic growth in lights become insufficient in managing traffic clearance which leads to heavy traffic congestion at intersection. Another major issue is that the Emergency vehicles like ambulance, police van, fire brigade experience prolonged waiting time to cross the intersection. For these reasons, development of smart intersections with the aid of technologies such as fuzzy logic, neural networks, artificial intelligence, multiprocessor systems etc. can help to provide the solution and improve the urban traffic management problems. Smart cities are increasingly adopting solutions by using adaptive and intelligent approach to develop smart traffic lights to improve the traffic flow at intersections. The current study on smart traffic light system makes contribution in developing intelligent and adaptive systems to resolve traffic congestion problems at single and connected intersections with an objective to improve traffic clearance and prioritize passage of Emergency vehicle at an isolated intersection. Another problem is the one generally faced by pedestrians as they have to wait for a prolonged interval of time for getting way to cross the lane of major intersection specially at peak traffic hours. This problem has also been considered in the study. System performance has been tested for a twenty-four-hour traffic pattern at an isolated intersection. The outcomes of the simulations showed that the suggested design outperformed the standard fixed-time method in terms of automotive clearing, rescue vehicles passing, and pedestrians wait time.
MATHEMATICS EDUCATION’S FUTURE: AN EXPLORATION OF THE NEW DIRECTIONS
Authors: Karthika Dr. N.
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 outbreak has changed the objectives for mathematics instruction. Mathematical philosophy and the usage of digital technology have changed the way that young people think. Important problems include how mathematics teaching should be delivered in the twenty-first century. What are the key ideas in mathematics that today's kids need to comprehend, and why do we teach them? How can mathematics in the classroom be made interesting and useful? How can governments change mathematics education to ensure future economic competitiveness? Researcher went over these test questions and report findings in this article. And, the researcher also discussed about the difficulties in the real world context.
EXPLORING GEOGEBRA: AN INTERACTIVE TOOL FOR MATHEMATICAL VISUALIZATION AND ANALYSIS
Authors: Banu Shakila , S P Naveena
Published: June 2024

The capacity of Geogebra, a potent dynamic mathematics programmed, to combine geometry, algebra, and calculus has won it widespread acclaim. In this essay, we investigate how Geogebra can be used to improve algebraic concept teaching and learning. We seek to develop an engaging and immersive environment that promotes a deeper comprehension of algebraic concepts by utilizing Geogebra's interactive capabilities. Some of the equipment applied to perform the Monge projection implementing the GeoGebra to provide a sharper projection of more difficult surfaces of movement. GeoGebra's Aesthetics 2D and Visuals 3D are both utilized to connect the 2D building through the Monger projection while emulating a 3D circumstances within the Visuals 3D mode. In order to examine the revolution substrates, useful objects, and terminal contours of the junctions of two revolution surfaces, numerous points from various perspectives can be hired in the Visuals 3D.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DEEP LEARNING MODELS AND CONVENTIONAL APPROACHES FOR OSTEOPOROSIS DETECTION IN HIP X- RAY IMAGES
Authors: Naikwade Vedant , Kawade Virja , Sadhwani Dr. Sakshi
Published: June 2024

Osteoporosis is a common bone disease characterized by a reduced bone mass and bone structure degradation that poses a huge risk to fractures, especially among elders. Deep learning models for osteoporosis detection using hip X-ray images. A dataset of 117 images was carefully crafted, annotated and augmented to the highest level of quality. Initially, three state-of-the-art deep learning models, i.e., ResNet—50, Inception Net, and YOLOv7, were utilized, and later, the latest Ultralytics YOLOv8 model. ResNet-50 obtained an accuracy of 80% which indicated a promising performance in osteoporosis detection. The improved performance of Inception Net is attributed to its novelty in design, which achieved an accuracy of 85.2%. YOLOv7, a fast and effective object detection model, gave an accuracy of 90.9%. Lastly, the study presented the Ultralytics YOLOv8 model that achieved a remarkable precision of 98.8% mAP@0.5. Comparative analysis showed that the YOLOv8 model had higher sensitivity which was attributed to its real time object detection capabilities and architectural enhancements. Its high resistance to scale changes and occlusions, coupled with its efficiency and effectiveness at handling the limited training data, make YOLOv8 a preferred option for the accurate osteoporosis detection. It is concluded that deep learning models, particularly YOLOv8, represent better alternatives to traditional diagnostic systems and that they may offer an approach to osteoporosis screening for wider accessibility.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR HYBRID CLOUD SECURITY APPLICATIONS
Authors: Dava Srinivas , Jabha D. F. Jingle , Theodore Shaji. K. A. , V.H Arul
Published: June 2024

One of the newest study topics today is security in cloud computing. They fall into two categories: private cloud and public cloud, depending on their features and services. In this situation, these two categories of cloud services are necessary for a company to offer society a better service. In order to do this, a brand-new hybrid cloud solution that combines both private and public clouds was introduced. In the modern world, security in the cloud environment is a difficult problem, especially for the hybrid cloud because of the integration of both. Artificial intelligence (AI), which is a set of computer algorithms that improves natural reality, serves this function by securing hybrid cloud networks while keeping data there and accessing it from the cloud. For redundant or duplicate-free secure storage and retrieval, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) deduplication processing algorithm is also described. A new access control system and the use of RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman) encryption are also present. When storing, accessing, and extracting data from the cloud database, the hybrid cloud's security has been tested while the suggested security architecture has been implemented.
NEURAL RADIANCE FIELDS IN COMPUTER VISION
Authors: Chhabria Dr. Sharda , Kapure Tanmay
Published: June 2024

Neural radiance fields (NeRFs) are like magic paintbrushes for 3D scenes. They're a cutting-edge technique that uses the power of deep learning to transform a few 2D photos into a complete, interactive 3D model. Imagine taking just a handful of pictures of a statue and then being able to walk around it virtually, seeing it from any angle with stunning photorealism. NeRFs achieve this by using a neural network to predict the light and color at every point in space, essentially painting the radiance of the scene with its own internal brushstrokes. Let's see how NeRF's work in detail.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS EFFECTIVE ROLE IN OPTOMETRY
Authors: Chandra Dr Mahesh , Dubey Dr. Gaurav , Sharma Pratik , Dalal Devanshi , Pal Shamit , Dubey Neha
Published: June 2024

Artificial intelligence is carried out by the computer machine, without the involvement of human support. After introducing robotics AI has been accepted in measure procedures. So Artificial Intelligence and machine learning are the most trending and computer-based technologies can be correlated but never be used as synonyms. This revolutionary concept is frequently used in various fields, but in ophthalmology, it has a concern with the diagnostic tool, especially in Diabetic retinopathy, age- related macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusion, retinopathy of prematurity, congenital and senile cataract and glaucoma.[1,2]
INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURAL AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Khan Shadab , Shukla Prashant , Jain Sanyam , Rajpoot Sameeksha , Patel Sandhya
Published: June 2024

Silver nanoparticles have been prepared by the addition of Ethylene Glycol and embedded into the matrix of PVA (Poly Vinyl Alcohol). Silver nanoparticles were compared with nanoparticles of ZnO, MnO, and Cu. Their structural properties are investigated using UV-Visible spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). UV results showed that surface plasmon absorption is most prominent in Silver nanoparticles. Rheological studies of PVA-Silver nanoparticles composites where PVA acts as a stabilizer exhibited the non-Newtonian flow of these fluids.
ON APPROXIMATION OF FUNCTION CLASS BY (C, 2)(E, 1) MEANS OF CONJUGATE SERIES OF FOURIER SERIES
Authors: Rathore H. L.
Published: June 2024

A theorem on degree of approximation of function belonging to Hölder metric by (C, 2) (E, q) mean, has been discussed by Rathore, Shrivastava and Mishra [17]. Since (E, 1) includes (E, q) method, so for obtaining more generalized result to replace (E, q) by (E, 1) mean. The Euler mean (E, 1) contains the summability method of generalized Borel, Euler, Taylor etc. In this chapter we obtain on approximation of function f ̃∈ H_w class by (C, 2)(E, 1) means of conjugate series of Fourier series, has been proved. 2010 MSC: 42B05, 42B08
ON THE ORIGIN OF ORDER PARAMETERS AND MEAN FIELD THEORY IN NEMATIC LIQUID CRYSTAL
Authors: Thakur Amrendra , Lahiri Dr. Tanmoy
Published: June 2024

This chapter is designed to deal with the mathematical foundation needed in determining the order parameters in Nematic liquid crystal (NLC). This is important because orientational order in Nematics is construed in many different ways involving scalars, vectors and tensors. This is essentially due to different experimental methods, which primarily involve Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Fluorescence Depolarization technique (FD),Polarized Raman effect (PR), computer simulations etc. that are employed in various levels to determine the orientational order. As a result, different techniques throw up different set of data and accordingly which the order parameters are defined. However, this convenience in data interpretation brings in fresh challenges from academic point of view, which demands correlation among various types of definitions introduced for order parameters. Based on this premise, a novel unified approach is provided purely from theoretical perspective to understand the nature of symmetry and order present in NLC.
ZNO NRS IN DETECTING H2, SO2, ETHANOL AND NO2 GAS: A REVIEW
Authors: Manika Ms. , Chaudhary Sunil , Meenakshi Ms. , Singh Kulvinder
Published: June 2024

In recent decades, eradicating air pollution is a rising scientific issue, due to many destructive environmental consequences, including water pollution, global warming, climate change and acidification of ocean. This happens due to increasing demand of industries. It is essential to first identifythese toxic gases releasing from industries; when dealing with air pollution. Recently, ZnO nanorod has been widely explored to detect these gases due to high response, better selectivity, low fabricating cost and suitable performance. This review paperdiscusses the various gas sensing properties of zinc oxide nanorods based material in sensing H2, SO2, ethanol and NO2 gas.
STUDY OF ELECTRICAL AND OPTICAL BEHAVIOR OF METAL AND METAL OXIDE NANOSTRUCTURES
Authors: Yadav Parul , Dhingra Mansi
Published: June 2024

Preparation of ZnO and copper nanoparticles was done using sol-gel technique. Sol-gel technique helped us to get solutions which was further drop coated on glass substrates. The film so obtained was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectrophotometer and electrical conductivities were measured using two probe method. The results obtained from spectroscopy measurements were analyzed to obtain band gap of ZnO. Copper, on the other hand showed surface lasmon resonance. Also, the electrical conductivities were measured using digital multimeter. It was seen that copper film showed a conducting nature whereas ZnO film was non conducting at room temperature.
METHOD OF PREPARATION OF AMORPHOUS COMPOSITION
Authors: Pandey Dr. Sharad
Published: June 2024

Fabricating advanced and sophisticated devices needs materials which are developed by research. In developing the optical and photonic devices, for research need amorphous chalcogenide materials. In this chapter, describe the procedure for deciding the weight/mass/atomic percentage of different elements in an amorphous chalcogenide mixture and then synthesise glass. Some scholars' research has been conducted on glass, pallets, thin films etc. In present chapter describes different methods of deposition of thin film. This chapter describes in deep, the vacuum evaporation in which material either evaporates by resistance heating or by the electron beam. Simultaneously, high-frequency resistance heating, laser abalation, molecular beam epitaxy, sputtering etc have been described.
EMERGENCE OF DECENTRALIZED DATA-DRIVEN CITIZEN SCIENCE-ASSISTED RESEARCH IN ASTROPHYSICS
Authors: Hota Ananda , Purohit Arundhati
Published: June 2024

Since the Galilean-era the method of astronomical discoveries has changed from amateur individuals to public-funded institutions. Currently it is turning into multi-national collaborative projects like the first imaging of the shadow of the black hole by the Event Horizon Telescope team. Due to such powerful instruments the amount of data has become almost unmanageable by professional astronomers which have led to the emergence of citizen science research (CSR). CSR has other important implications like being an important medium to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Unexpected breakthrough discoveries that Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Machine Learning (ML) cannot achieve may possibly be achieved through CSR. We have discussed various types of CSR and focused on RAD@home which is the only CSR platform in Indian astronomy making discoveries using Indian telescopes. A CSR-collaboratory model that RAD@home has evolved is a result of ten years of efforts in the field of multi-wavelength observational study of blackhole galaxy co-evolution through merger and AGN feedback. The recent CSR-discovery of a rare jet-galaxy interaction in RAD12, with data from GMRT, is a potential demonstration. It has been proven to be successful and with international support has started its expansion to other countries to assist the existing education-research systems in Universities. In the upcoming Square Kilometre Array (SKA) era the ultimate aim of the CSR-collaboratory to convert the big data to a big opportunity cannot be very far.
QUANTUM MECHANICS AT A GLANCE FOR BEGINNERS
Authors: Sharma Dr. Arvind Kumar , Singh Dr. Nirdesh Kumar , Israil Dr. Mohd.
Published: June 2024

As we know thatMechanics is a branch of physics which deals the motion of objects.
SYNTHESIS OF NANOMATERIALS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
Authors: Kant Chandra , Alsuraifi Ali , Tiwari K.P.
Published: June 2024

In the 21st century, nanotechnology has experienced significant growth, thanks to its numerous applications in the field of quantum physics. It has become a highly advanced field of study, with significant efforts focused on researching to apply this technology in practical ways. It shows great potential due to its impressive effectiveness and environmentally friendly characteristics. Nanomaterials are incredibly tiny particles, measuring between 1 and 100 nanometers. Their size grants them unique chemical and physical characteristics, which come with advantages and disadvantages. Their classification can also be done on their composition such as organic, inorganic, and metal. Various techniques are employed to synthesise nanomaterials, including both the "top-down" approach, which starts with bulk materials and breaks them down into nanoparticles, and the "bottom-up" approach, which begins with individual atoms and builds them up into nanoparticles. Among the top-down approaches are “mechanical milling”, “nanolithography”, “laser ablation”, “sputtering”, and “thermal evaporation” while the bottom-up approaches are “sol-gel”, “biosynthesis”, “spinning”, “chemical vapour deposition (CVD)”, and “pyrolysis”. These techniques are highly influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, time, size and shape, preparation cost, pore size, pH value, and environment. This study examines different methods of synthesizing nanomaterials along with their applications in different fields such as cosmetics, electronics, medicine, food, and the environment.
Antidiabetic Potential of Khaya Anthotheca Methanolic Leaves Extract in Streptozotocin Diabetes Induced Rats
Authors: Umaru Kerenhappuch Isaac , Tensaba Akafa Andes , Umaru Isaac John , Ugoeze Ezeonu Stephen , Nanmar Chakfa , David Bando Christopher
Published: June 2024

This research evaluated antidibetic potential of methanolic leaves extracts of Khaya anthotheca in streptozotocin induced albino rats. Khaya anthotheca a member of Meliaceae family is traditionally used for treating several ailments. Diabetes is a chronic condition that develops when the pancreas is unable to secrete sufficient amounts of insulin or when the body fails to utilise the insulin that is produced. The leaves were harvested in Sukundi road Wukari and air dried for four weeks, the leaves were pulverized into powder using manual blender and stored in an air tight container. Extraction was done with absolute methanol; the extract was filtered using mesh and the filtrate was concentrated at 68oC. two grams of the filtrate were used for the study; the remainder was used to treat the animals. Using 40 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin, the animals were divided into 5 groups of 4 each. Following a fourteen-day course of treatment, the animals were sacrificed; the blood was drawn through heart puncture and tested for blood sugar using a glucometer. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. Result of blood sugar level showed significant reduction in all the test groups (p<0.05) except group 2 which showed no significant reduction when compared to the normal control. Conclusion: This study therefore suggests the use of Khaya anthotheca as a diabetic agent and for treatment of diabetes. Further studies are needed to discover the bioactive constituent of the plant responsible for this anti-diabetic activity as well as other pharmacological activities in clinical trials.
Nursing Faculty Members' Perceptions About Distance Education During the Pandemic Process
Authors: Kırşan Büyüktarakçı Merve , Cirban Ekrem Ebru , Çelik Sevim
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The study aims to identify the distance education perceptions of the faculty members of the department of nursing and the factors affecting these perceptions. Design and Methods: In the cross-sectional and correlational study in which the online survey was used, 327 faculty member who were selected with the sampling method for a known population were included. Data were collected online by using the Personal Information Form and the “Distance Education Perception Scale”. In the evaluation of research data, descriptive statistical analysis and non-parametric tests were used. Findings: It was found that the nursing faculty members had medium-level distance education perceptions. Practice Implications: It is thought that improving the competencies of the faculty members of the nursing department can increase their perceptions of distance education, reduce their stress levels and adapt to distance education more easily.
The Relationship Between a Healthy Lifestyle and the Level of Physical Fitness of State Junior High School 1 Ujan Mas Students, Kepahiang Regency
Authors: Fitri Dyan Anggita , Yarmani  , Sugihartono Tono
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to ascertain how students' physical fitness levels at State Junior High School 1 Ujan Mas in Kepahiang Regency relate to leading a healthy lifestyle. Correlation analysis employing a quantitative approach and survey methodologies using instruments in the form of measurement tests, questionnaires for healthy lifestyles, and the TKJI test for physical fitness for individuals between the ages of 13 and 15 are the tools used in this sort of research. 336 students from the State 1 Ujan Mas Junior High School in Kepahiang Regency made up the study's population. In the meantime, 36 pupils were included in the sample process using a random sampling technique. The TKJI test and questionnaires were used to gather data. The precondition analysis test and correlation test were the methods of data analysis employed in this study. The study's findings indicate a connection between students' physical fitness levels at State Junior High School 1 Ujan Mas, Kepahiang Regency, and leading a healthy lifestyle. The decision to reject the null hypothesis (Ho) and accept the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was made because the value of rhitung 0.62 is greater than rtable in the product moment it was obtained 0.339. This means that there is a relationship between students at State Junior High School 1 Ujan Mas, Kepahiang district, and physical fitness.
Dynamics of Mood Swings during Menstrual Cycles between Physically active and Inactive Adolescents: A Tripura-based Study
Authors: Dhar Krishnendu , Farooque SM , Devi Nongmaithem Sneha
Published: June 2024

The menstrual cycle is an important biological process in women that is associated with a range of physical symptoms that can shape how women think, feel, and participate in daily life activities. This study employed a qualitative survey design to investigate the effect of physical activity and menstrual cycle on mood variability in adolescents. Purposively, 40 participants from Tripura University (n=20, physically active and n=20 Inactive) completed the Brunel mood scale questionnaire that explored menstrual cycle events: anger, tension, depression, fatigue, confusion, happiness and calmness. The participants’ response was further analysed descriptively through percentage analysis and differences between physically active and inactive students were assessed using the Mann Whitney-U test. The descriptive results depicted a mean rank of 16.20 and 24.80 of mood swing among Physically Active Students and Physically Inactive students respectively which shows a higher mood swing in inactive women. The significant difference was observed between physically active students and physically inactive students (two groups as U-value was 114.000 which was smaller than the critical value i.e., 127). Persons involved in physical activity have less chance of mood swing compared to sedentary people. In addition, the study concluded that regular moderate exercise helps reduce factors that enhance mood swing during the menstrual cycle.
Evaluation of maxillary sinus on anatomical characteristics and related factors using cone beam computed tomography images
Authors:   , Benjaphalakron Nutcha
Published: June 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate prevalence of the anatomical characteristics in maxillary sinuses; and its association with sex, age, tooth area and dental status using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods: Retrospectively reviewed CBCT images of maxillary sinuses from 370 sinuses in 185 patients at the Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University were evaluated.  Residual ridge height (RRH), lateral wall thickness (LWT), sinus septa, posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA), membrane thickness (MT) and ostium were evaluated and compared according to sex, age, tooth area and dental status.

Results: Mean RRH was 12.13 ± 3.64 mm. Mean LWT was 2.23 ± 0.95 mm. Prevalence of septa was 22.43%. The most orientation of the septa was mediolateral (89.13%). Septa was mostly at the first molar and second molar region (66.3%). PSAA were detected in 32.16% and most (52.85%) had an intraosseous location. The diameter was mostly 15 mm from the alveolar crest. Mean MT was 1.3 ± 2.05 mm. The ostium was mostly patency (94.05%) and located at the first molar and second molar region (95.98%). Mean distance of ostium from the sinus floor was 30.03 ± 5.08 mm.

Conclusion: Although the anatomical characteristics of maxillary sinus related to sex, age, tooth area and dental status, they also had variation. The surgeon should evaluate case by case using CBCT for planning surgery, in order to minimize the risk of complications related to sinus surgery.
Effect of erianthridin on non-small cell lung cancer cell metastasis
Authors:   , Pothongsrisit Sutthaorn
Published: June 2024

Lung cancer is one of leading cause of deaths worldwide due to cancer metastasis. The metastatic process that initiated by dissociation of cancer cells from the primary tumor and colonization of new tumor at distant organ. Cell migration and invasion play as the key early steps and required actin reorganization and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation to achieve cell metastasis. The inhibition of these behaviors is an intriguing approach to minimize cancer metastasis. Erianthridin, a phenolic compound isolated from the Thai orchid Dendrobium formosum exhibits several pharmacological activities; however, the effect of erianthridin on lung cancer cell metastasis has not been observed. In this study, we demonstrated that non-toxic and non-proliferative concentrations of erianthridin was able to attenuate cell migration and invasion by disruption of actin stress fibers and lamellipodia formation. The mRNA level of MMP-2 and MMP-9, the matrix-degrading protease, were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner after erianthridin treatment. Mechanistic investigation revealed that the active form of Akt and its downstream effectors mTOR and p70S6K were strongly suppressed in the presence of erianthridin. In addition, an in-silico study revealed that erianthridin bound directly at the ATP-bonding site of Akt with both hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interaction, resulting in dephosphorylation of Akt. This study provides preclinical information of erianthridin which exhibits a promising anti-metastasis activity against lung cancer.
Development of tetrahydrocurcumin-loaded chitosan-coated-nanostructured lipid carriers for topical treatment of psoriasis
Authors:   , Truong Hoang
Published: June 2024

Chitosan (Ch)-coated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have great potential for topical delivery with high localization of chemotherapeutics. In this study, tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a primary metabolite of curcumin with enhanced antioxidant and anticancer properties, was used as a model drug to prepare NLCs. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize THC-loaded Ch-coated NLCs (THC-Ch-NLCs) fabricated by high-shear homogenization. The optimized THC-Ch-NLCs had particle size of 244 ± 18 nm, zeta potential of -17.5 ± 0.5 mV, entrapment efficiency of 76.6 ± 0.2% and drug loading of 0.28 ± 0.01 mg/mL.  In vitro release study of THC-Ch-NLCs showed sustained release following the Korsmeyer-Peppas model with Fickian diffusion mechanism. THC-Ch-NLCs demonstrated a significantly higher permeation through the artificial membrane than the THC-NLCs. Furthermore, THC-Ch-NLCs also exhibited cytotoxicity against TNF-α-induced HaCaT cell lines. However, the findings need further investigation to prove that the cytotoxicity is due to the encapsulation of THC in the Ch-NLC since the same effect is also observed in the blank lipid-nanoparticles.
Development of Hek-293t cells stably expressing the c-x-c chemokine receptor type 4 (cxcr4) for binding assay of potential anti-breast cancer agents
Authors:   , Dinh Thi
Published: June 2024

The C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) has been recognized as a potential target in cancer drug discovery based on the high expression in cancer cells, particularly invasive breast cancer. This study aims to construct CXCR4-overexpressed cells to screen new anti-breast cancer agents targeting CXCR4 and identify the mediated target for anticancer effect.  Firstly, five genetic isotypes of CXCR4, namely A, B, C, D and E, were amplified from Jurkat T cells. Amplicons of each CXCR4 isotype were ligated into cloning vectors and subcloned into expression vectors. They were transformed into competent Escherichia coli strain DH5-alpha cells. The presence of CXCR4 plasmids in the selective transformed cells was determined by colony PCR and gel electrophoresis. The recombinant plasmids of CXCR4-isotype B were selected for stable transfection in HEK293T cells. CXCR4 expression was confirmed by flow cytometry and the population of the highly CXCR4 expressing cells was isolated using the fluorescence-activated sorting cells technique to obtain 99.8% of CXCR4-expressing cells. The CXCR4-overexpressed HEK293T cells were verified by conducting the competitive binding assay of a known CXCR4 inhibitor, AMD3100 (plerixafor), using monoclonal anti-human CD184 (CXCR4) antibody tagged with fluorescence probe, phycoerythrin. The obtained IC50 of plerixafor (305.5 nM) against the binding of the antibody to CXCR4 was in accordance with those determined by conventional competitive radioligand binding assay. Moreover, the developed CXCR4-overexpressed HEK293T cells were used in the competitive binding assay to identify the mediated target of natural compounds showing high cytotoxicity against the invasive breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The tested compounds were extracted from Stephania pierrei, which were methoxy-8-uvariopsine, crebanine and dehydrocrebanine. However, the application of the fluorescence tagged antibody competition binding assay to determine the binding affinity of these potential compounds has been limited due to the poor solubility of natural compounds, which required additional solvent and surfactant to improve the solubility leading to high fluorescence quenching. Further development of low fluorescence quenching solvent and solubilizer is needed to implement this assay in the screening platform.
Chitosan/biphasic calcium phosphate composite scaffold incorporated with trichostatin a for bone regeneration
Authors:   , Sukpaita Teerawat
Published: June 2024

This study synthesized a chitosan-based scaffold incorporated with trichostatin A (TSA), an epigenetic modifier molecule, using a freeze-drying technique to achieve promising bone regeneration potential. The scaffolds with various biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) proportions: 0%, 10%, 20%, and 40% were characterized. The addition of BCP improved the scaffolds' mechanical properties and delayed the degradation rate. From all physicochemical parameters, 20% BCP scaffold matched the appropriate bone scaffold requirements and was selected for further development. The proper concentration of TSA was also tested. Our developed scaffold released TSA and sustained them for up to 3 days. The scaffold with 800 nM of TSA showed excellent biocompatibility and induced osteoblast-related genes expression in the primary human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). To evaluate in vivo bone regeneration potential, the scaffolds were implanted in the mice calvarial defect model. The excellent bone regeneration ability of the CS/BCP/TSA scaffolds was further demonstrated in the micro-CT and histology sections compared to both negative control and commercial bone graft product. New bone formed in the CS/BCP/TSA group revealed a trabeculae-liked structure characteristic of the mature bone at both 6 and 12 weeks. The CS/BCP/TSA scaffold is an up-and-coming candidate for the bone tissue engineering scaffold.
Osteogenic effects of osteogenic growth peptide on human periodontal ligament stem cells
Authors:   , Purbantoro Steven
Published: June 2024

With the current global health burden of osteoporosis and periodontitis, an effective treatment is looked for to treat the bone resorption effect. Osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) is a short peptide that is known able to increase osteogenesis. The objective of this study is to investigate thoroughly the osteogenic effect of OGP on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). This study found that low-dose OGP can increase the proliferation without cytotoxic effect. Enhanced osteogenic differentiation potential was also found at low concentration of OGP. Several signaling pathways, including bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), Hedgehog, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and Wnt, are regulated by OGP to regulate osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. OGP was also found partially regulating TGF-β signaling pathway toward osteogenic lineage of hPDLSCs. Collectively, low-dose OGP has osteogenic differentiation potential on hPDLSCs by regulating TGF-β signaling pathway. Thus, OGP is potent candidate to treat osteoporosis and/or periodontitis.
ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการเกิดภาวะเลือดออกในผู้ป่วยภาวะหัวใจเต้นผิดจังหวะที่ได้รับยาไรวาร็อกซาแบน
Authors:   , สิริภัทรชัย ภัทรพร
Published: June 2024

วัตถุประสงค์: เพื่อหาปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการเกิดภาวะเลือดออกในผู้ป่วยภาวะหัวใจเต้นผิด จังหวะที่ได้รับยาไรวาร็อกซาแบน วิธีการ: งานวิจัยนี้เป็นการศึกษาเชิงวิเคราะห์ชนิดย้อนหลังจาก ผลไปหาเหตุแบบหลายศูนย์ รวบรวมข้อมูลผู้ป่วยที่มีภาวะหัวใจเต้นผิดจังหวะที่ได้รับยาไรวาร็อกซาแบน ณ โรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์ และโรงพยาบาลรามาธิบดี ระหว่าง 1 ตุลาคม 2556 ถึง 30 กันยายน 2564 วิเคราะห์ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการเกิดภาวะเลือดออกด้วยสถิติการถดถอยโลจิสติค พหุคูณ ผลการวิจัย : กลุ่มตัวอย่าง 455 คน แบ่งเป็นกลุ่มศึกษาคือผู้ที่เกิดภาวะเลือดออก 91 คน ประกอบด้วยภาวะเลือดออกรุนแรง 20 คน ภาวะเลือดออกไม่รุนแรงที่มีความสำคัญทางคลินิก 45 คน และภาวะเลือดออกไม่รุนแรง 26 คน กลุ่มควบคุมคือผู้ที่ไม่เกิดภาวะเลือดออก 364 คน ผลการ วิเคราะห์พบปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการเกิดภาวะเลือดออกอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ ได้แก่ ประวัติการเกิด ภาวะเลือดออก (adjusted OR: 20.29, p<0.001) ระดับอัลบูมินในเลือดต่ำ (adjusted OR: 2.19, p=0.020) ภาวะโลหิตจาง (adjusted OR: 2.03, p=0.026) และอันตรกิริยาระหว่างยา (adjusted OR: 2.40, p=0.007) เมื่อพิจารณาปัจจัยด้านอายุ น้ำหนัก ขนาดยาไรวาร็อกซาแบนต่อวัน การทำงานของไต ภาวะหัวใจล้มเหลว โรคหลอดเลือด และประวัติโรคหลอดเลือดสมองร่วมด้วย สรุป : ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการเกิดภาวะเลือดออกในผู้ป่วยภาวะหัวใจเต้นผิดจังหวะที่ได้รับยาไรวาร็อกซาแบน ได้แก่ ประวัติการเกิดภาวะเลือดออก ระดับอัลบูมินในเลือดต่ำ ภาวะโลหิตจาง อันตรกิริยาระหว่าง ยา ผู้ป่วยที่มีปัจจัยดังกล่าวจึงควรได้รับการดูแลติดตามอย่างใกล้ชิด เพื่อช่วยลดความเสี่ยงในการเกิดภาวะเลือดออกและเพิ่มความปลอดภัยจากการใช้ยาไรวาร็อกซาแบน
Development of plant-produced anti-il-6r mab
Authors:   , Kaewbandit Namthip
Published: June 2024

After the body is invaded by pathogens, it responds by secreting cytokines, for example, interleukin 6 (IL-6), which activates an intracellular signaling pathway involving JAKs/STAT3 through phosphorylation. However, overexpression of pSTAT-3 can lead to a positive feedback loop of IL-6, causing the release of more cytokines and potentially leading to cytokine storm. Thus, inhibition of IL-6 signaling is another important target for Cytokine storm treatment. Tocilizumab, a humanized IL-6R antibody has been approved for RA treatment. There are several concerns about mammalian cell protein expression systems, such as higher production costs and pathogen contamination risks. Recently, plants have become increasingly popular as an alternative system for recombinant protein expression. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to develop an antibody that targets IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) using Nicotiana benthamiana as an expression system. The HC and LC of the mAb targeting human IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) were constructed using the pBYK2e geminivirus expression vector. The constructs were then transiently co-expressed and investigated the optimal expression conditions in Nicotiana benthamiana. The findings indicate that the optimal conditions for expressing the Anti-IL-6R mAb involve infiltrating plant leaves with Agrobacterium containing HC or LC (each bacterial concentration of OD600 0.2) at a 1:1 ratio (HC:LC) at 5 dpi. The plant-produced Anti-IL6R mAb showed specific binding activity to human recombinant IL-6R protein, with KD value of 1.748 µg/mL. In contrast, the negative control did not bind as expected. Although we have demonstrated the capability and appropriateness of the plant platform for creating this therapeutic antibody, additional in vivo research is crucial to completely understanding the effectiveness of Anti-IL-6R mAb.