bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Federal Democratic Republic Nepal: Deepening Problems and Prospects
Authors: Chetri Than Bahadur
Published: June 2018

Constructing federal democratic republic is a complex process. Both old and new democracies face different forms of challenges in building and maintaining, either internally or externally. Hence, this paper assesses the challenges in developing and maintaining democratic republic Nepal. With the help of secondary sources of information, it argues, building democracy in Nepal is undermined by foundational challenges and deepening challenges. Nepal, a closer analysis from the perspective of the constitution, geography and national wealth, rule of law, the nature of the party and their leaders, the prospect of a democratic republic is unclear.Journal of Political Science, Volume XVIII, 2018, Page: 114-142
Nepal's Attitude towards the Erstwhile Vietnam Crisis
Authors: Jaiswal TN
Published: June 2018

Journal of Political Science Vol.1(1) 1998 p.1-15
India as a factor in Pakistan-Nepal Relations
Authors: Dharamdasani M
Published: June 2018

Journal of Political Science Vol.1(1) 1998 p.16-24
A Need of a New Movement in Politics
Authors: Shakya Surya Ratna
Published: June 2018

Journal of Political Science Vol.1(1) 1998 p.25-31
Foreign Policy of Nepal: Search for an Identity in a Globalizing World
Authors: Dahal Dev Raj
Published: June 2018

Journal of Political Science Vol.1(1) 1998 p.43-50
Give Advantage the Disadvantaged Groups
Authors: Bhattachan Krishna B
Published: June 2018

Journal of Political Science Vol.1(1) 1998 p.87-91
Himalaya Region: Recent Trends in Co-operation and Conflict
Authors: Parajuli Biswa Kallyan
Published: June 2018

Journal of Political Science Vol.1(1) 1998 p.92-100
Theoretical Aspect of Research Proposal
Authors: Baral Uma Nath
Published: June 2018

Journal of Political Science Vol.1(1) 1998 p.111-122
Political Sociology and its Implications
Authors: Upadhyay Prakash
Published: June 2018

Journal of Political Science Vol.7(1) 2004 p.29-38
BUDAYA POLITIK DALAM MASYARAKAT PRAGMATIS
Authors: Sumartono Sumartono
Published: June 2018

General elections and regional head elections in Indonesia are conducted directly. The pattern of community participation is changed. The emergence of pragmatism or political pragmatism in society becomes an interesting political culture to study. Practically, pragmatism means a condition that encourages people to get benefits instantly. As a result, people take any actions to make it happen. In reality, pragmatism not only affects the upper classes (those with a high level of education) but also ordinary people (lower class society or those with low levels of political education). The development of money politics, cow trade politics, the sale of votes, or the existence of political dowry is a sign that there has been a political transaction becoming one of the indicators of pragmatism reality in society
Recurrent meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 15C associated with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Authors: Eton Vic , Beveridge James , Ulanova Marina
Published: June 2018

Streptococcus pneumoniae is an encapsulated bacterium capable of causing invasive disease in susceptible individuals, including immunocompromised and asplenic patients. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a primary immunodeficiency disease with myriad manifestations; it can cause thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, selective antibody deficiency, and predisposition to bacterial infections. A 24-year-old Métis man presented to a Northern Ontario emergency department with several days’ history of malaise, headache, and nuchal rigidity. Within 5 months, he presented again with similar symptoms. In both instances, S. pneumoniae serotype 15C was isolated from his cerebrospinal fluid. He was successfully treated with cefotaxime both times. The patient’s past medical history included WAS, splenectomy, Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoma treated with bone marrow transplant, and prior cases of pneumococcal meningitis and pneumonia. He was restarted on indefinite penicillin V prophylaxis. This is the first described case of WAS in a man of mixed European and Indigenous North American descent. We report recurrent invasive pneumococcal disease in an asplenic individual caused by an emerging invasive serotype.
Choosing Wisely Canada—Top five list in medical microbiology: An official position statement of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease (AMMI) Canada
Authors: Leis Jerome A , Hatchette Todd , Ciccotelli William , Daley Peter , Goneau Lee , Gregson Dan , Kulkarni Shobhana , Loo Vivian , Lagace-Wiens Phillipe , Lowe Christopher F , Matukas Larissa , Roscoe Diane , Rubin Earl , Gold Wayne L
Published: June 2018

Background: Choosing Wisely Canada is a forum for health care professional societies to lead system change through identification and reduction of low-value practices. Microbiologic investigations are frequently overused and may contribute to unnecessary health care expenditures as well as patient harm. Methods: A Choosing Wisely Canada top five list in medical microbiology was developed by the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease (AMMI) Canada through broad consultation of its members. Following an electronic survey of members, recommendations were developed and ranked by a working group, then further narrowed during a national open forum using the modified Delphi method. Feedback was solicited through an online forum prior to dissemination. Results: The top five declarative statements in medical microbiology are: ( 1 ) Don’t collect urine specimens for culture from adults who lack symptoms localizing to the urinary tract or fever, ( 2 ) Don’t routinely collect or process specimens for Clostridium difficile testing when stool is non-liquid or if the patient has had a prior nucleic acid amplification test result within the past 7 days, ( 3 ) Don’t obtain swabs from superficial ulcers for culture, ( 4 ) Don’t routinely order nucleic acid amplification testing on cerebrospinal fluid in patients without a compatible clinical syndrome, and ( 5 ) Don’t routinely obtain swabs during surgical procedures when fluid and/or tissue samples can be collected. Conclusions: This Choosing Wisely list represents a launching point to reduce low-value practices in microbiology. Strong implementation science around these statements will be needed to improve the value of microbiology testing in Canada.
Semiotika Visual Logo RSU.Surya Husadha Denpasar
Authors: Jayanegara I Nyoman
Published: June 2018

The logo is a picture mark that depicts the identity and image for the entity, where the image and corporate character are communicated with the audience by using the element of writing and image. Images and writing as a logo forming element is a sign system that aims to communicate messages about the type of business, image, or even the company's character to the public. The signs used in a logo are easily understood and conventionally agreed to be able to communicate quickly with the audience. RSU.Surya Husadha as an entity seeks to communicate the message about the type of business as well as the image of the company by using the sign system to the community. Visual signs used in the form of writing and drawing elements in the RSU.Surya Husadha logo, analyzed using semiotic theories expressed by Ferdinand de Saussure and Charles Sander Peirce. The results obtained are RSU.Surya Husadha logo has a deep philosophy about a life depicted through water and seed symbols. Life and exixtence require a balance of all the realities and consequences that exist where the philosophy is portrayed through logotype and logogram as forming elements of the company logo.
Perupaan Karakter Mang Ohle di Koran Pikiran Rakyat Sebagai Realita Pemikiran Rakyat di Jawa Barat
Authors: Triyadi Agus
Published: June 2018

The caricature as part of the drawing works has a straightforward language, verbal, social criticism but is funny and intriguing. The presence of Mang Ohle caricature as a documentation and social criticism characteristic of innocent but smart, such as fictional Sundanese figures are very populist, namely Kabayan, while caricature is critical, satirical, but not make people angry. The Cartoonist Didin Basoeni has a principle, "Herang caina beunang laukna", which means "when the water clear, it is easier to look at the fish". That is, make criticism that avoids conflict. In this article disclosed the analysis of strategy of Mang Ohle characterization  as the agent of the people voice in conveying their aspiration in the Pikiran Rakyat  newspaper printed edition.
Studi Logo Event (Acara) Di Daerah (Kajian Ikonografi: Studi Kasus Logo Karya Z. Hanafi di Sumatera Barat)
Authors: Budiman Arif
Published: June 2018

Logo’s event become an art medium to express an image of event. From elements of line, shape, colour,  and typography which are composed unified, makes logo as a symbolic language. Logo can emphasize an identity of particular region from the diversity of local wisdom. West Sumatra which is in Minangkabau culture territority has its own concept on how human creativity reveal the messages. By a unique logo, it fulfills the aesthetic needs of society that interact people to participate the event. Theory of Iconography and Iconology reveal the meaning of logo from aesthetic aspect and aim behind the design. Zainul Hanafi is one of artist from West Sumatra that concern in graphic design.  Hanafi means logo’s event in specific region must have a concept that representate the importance of each stakeholder. The representation emerge the uses of diverse colours and shapes. Overlaps, crowded icons and rousing. Although there are many logo with more simple shapes, actually it is a valid diversity.
Perkembangan Pertunjukan Wayang Beber Kontemporer Di Era Modernisasi
Authors: Hariyadi Muhammad Nur , Afatara Narsen , Purwantoro Agus
Published: June 2018

Research discussed regarding the development of contemporary puppet some in a society now. A puppet beber contemporary some years previously had broken by giving alternative forms of a new and exhibited more simple but is interesting, Shorter performances , and use just taken a figure from real life now. The story delivered also adopt issues is in vogue in the days of the modernization of right now. The puppet beber is one of cultural heritage in Indonesia. A puppet beber some which was a live used for events great kraton, the event ruwatan, clean village, healing the sick, and important event specified java. Now puppet classical considered rarely staged and slightly experienced various a setback in terms of staging, because some years previously had broken puppet classic staged as a means of ritual and rarely staged important as entertainment for the urban nowadays. The puppet beber contemporary appear in order to provide new perspective,  so people know back puppet show some years previously had broken who became inherited from an ancestor java.
Media Promosi Bisnis Potensi Wisata Daerah Bandung Dengan Aplikasi Virtual Reality
Authors: Triani Ananda Risya , Adriyanto Andreas Rio , Faedhurrahman Deny
Published: June 2018

One of the industrial sectors that can increase foreign exchange in Indonesia is the tourism industry. In 2019, the tourism industry in Indonesia is projected to be the largest foreign exchange earner through oil and gas, coal and palm oil. One aspect that supports the development of industry is the readiness of ICT. Bandung is one of the cities in West Java, which has sought to develop ICT, but needs to be improved further from the central / regional government, to the executant of the tourism industry. Bandung has a tourism potential that consists of natural attractions, culture, shopping, and culinary interesting to explore both by domestic tourists and foreign tourists. Thus, information technology that contains relevant and interesting information by using the right business model. Research methodology in data list technique which is measurement, interview, and literature study. Mobile apps are one of the information technology tools used by today's society, therefore interactive and can be used via mobile devices. Creative concepts applied to the 360​​° Virtual reality Panorama app. Through Virtual reality Panorama will create a different visual location, which can attract potential tourists to visit Bandung city destinations directly. In addition, the appropriate business model will be used on the system as part of the activity. It is expected that this research can support previous research in the field of visual communication design, ICT, and management.
Visualisasi Seni Sebagai Aspek Kreatif Periklanan
Authors: Permana Gandara
Published: June 2018

Advertising is an in-depth creative process with a variety of supporting factors. One of the constituent elements is the creative strategy aspect. Advertising creative strategy is a tool to generate fresh and creative ideas that represent advertised products. The context of art as part of society's lifestyle becomes one of the commodities to be exploited. This study used descriptive qualitative method. This topic is analyzed by visual content approach through dissecting advertising visualization with the context of its art medium, message and linking visualization of art as creative aspect of advertisement so as to produce persuasion element for consumer audiences. The results obtained are the use of art medium in advertising as an approach to the audience by utilizing the momentum, situations and emotions that can persuade audiences. Visualization of the ad is a moment of celebration with the nuance of kinship or the expression of the life style of the young people who care about the traditional values ​​of the nation.
Preliminary Design Pada Perancangan Merchandise Resmi Untuk Revenue Generated ITS Sebagai PTNBH
Authors: Ramadhani Nugrahardi , Setyadi Denny Indrayana , Alamin Rabendra Yudistira , Prasetyo Didit
Published: June 2018

The Revenue Generated ITS program as part of ITS Strategic Plan of PTNBH 2015-2019 provides a new challenge for ITS to develop business programs that departs from the intellectual result of all academic community. One of the opportunities that can be initiated is the development of official ITS merchandise products as a commercial product of ITS. ITS Merchandise product development efforts has been finding a variety of obstacles, ranging from inconsistencies between the products with each other, the quality of the existing product quality, up to the quality of the resulting product ideas. ITS Merchandise product development efforts are considered very urgent to be done immediately to see the high demand for ITS official merchandise products for various ITS activities. The method used in this research is the method of designing product design variants. Some stages of research include: (1) identification of design typology merchandise; (2) identification of consumers and product needs of ITS Merchandise; (3) Mapping merchandise product categories; (4) Development of product design merchandise variant; (5) Materials analysis and merchandise ITS Design Form; (6) Sampling of 1 prototype product; (7) Preparation of ITS Merchandise Product Design Guidelines. The approach used in variant product development in this research is ‘morphological chart’. The results to be achieved in this research is the identification of ITS Merchandise product line and its implementation, and A guide to merchandise product design development at production stage.
Analisis Coverage Dan Quality Of Service Jaringan WiFi 2,4 GHz Di STMIK STIKOM Indonesia
Authors: Satwika I Kadek Susila , Sukafona I Made
Published: June 2018

The rapid development of technology, especially mobile technology requires a network infrastructure that supports mobile devices. One of them is a wireless device that is WiFi (wireless Fidelity). STMIK STIKOM (STIKI) Indonesia is one of the campuses that have implemented WiFi technology to support teaching and learning activities. STIKI has installed 8 access points that are used to serve the civitas internet users. To know the performance of WiFi network in STIKI Indonesia, it is necessary to analyze the performance of WiFi network by measuring signal coverage and quality of service (QOS) analysis. In this research, coverage measurement is done by using android application WiFi Heat Mapper and QOS measurement is done by using wireshark application. The measured parameters of QOS are throughput, delay, jitter, and packet loss. Based on the measurements made the results obtained for signal coverage there are still some areas covered by a very small signal strength. Then for QOS measurement it is found that performance of WiFi network based on parameter of throughput, delay, jitter, and packet loss are in good category.
Analisis Evaluasi Aplikasi Augmented Reality Untuk Informasi Kebudayaan Bali Berdasarkan Standar ISO 25010
Authors: Andika I Gede , Yanti Christina Purnama
Published: June 2018

Currently there are still many people of Bali who just know the museum is a place to store historical items but are reluctant to come. Therefore built an application that combines smartphone technology with Augmented Reality so that later can attract people to come visit the Museum of Bali. In order to obtain application results that meet the standards, evaluation is required to assess the quality of an application based on ISO 25010 standards. The software quality standards that are tested are aspects of functional suitability, usability, performance efficiency, and compatibility. Based on the results of all research that has been done, it can be concluded that the quality of Augmented Reality Museum Bali application has met the software quality standards that refer to the ISO 25010 standard. The result of testing the aspect of functional suitability is 100%. Usability aspect got the conclusion that AR Museum Bali application have aspect of learnability, efficiency, memorability, and satisfaction with good category. Performance performance aspect is 3 test and get average response time test 1 is 27.29 ms; test 2 of 38.52 ms; and test 3 of 20.31 ms. The compatibility aspect is 100%.
Integrasi Sistem Single Sign On Pada Sistem Informasi Akademik, Web Information System Dan Learning Management System Berbasis Central Authentication Service
Authors: Udayana I Putu Agus Eka Darma
Published: June 2018

Elearning and web based information systems is a means to communicate and exchange information for academic purposes.  Nowadays lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP) is a state of the art method of choice. With LDAP technologies user only need one username and password to access to multiple web based application, The problem is if the user wanted to do autentification said user had to input their credentials over and over again for each application. To solve that problem single sign on mechanism (SSO) is invented. With SSO user only need login once and they got all the same credentials with them to all intergrated application wthin the campus. To implement the SSO we use Central authentication service (CAS) as a authentifiation central within LDAP structure as a user management. In this reseach we see that single sign on (SSO) system that intergrated into student management system, E-Learning system and  Internal blog system both use of database based system or even LDAP based system.
Analisis Kinerja Dan Kualitas Hasil Kompresi Pada Citra Medis Sinar-X Menggunakan Algoritma Huffman, Lempel Ziv Welch Dan Run Length Encoding
Authors: Anandita Ida Bagus Gede , Gunadi I Gede Aris , Indrawan Gede
Published: June 2018

Technological progress in the medical area made medical images like X-rays stored in digital files. The medical image file is relatively large so that the image needs to be compressed. The lossless compression technique is an image compression where the decompression results are the same as the original or no information lost in the compression process. The existing algorithms on lossless compression techniques are Run Length Encoding (RLE), Huffman, and Lempel Ziv Welch (LZW). This study compared the performance of the three algorithms in compressing medical images. The result of image decompression will be compared to its performance in the objective assessment such as ratio, compression time, MSE (Mean Square Error) and PNSR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio). MSE and PSNR are used for quantitative image quality measurement for subjective assessment assisted by three experts who will compare the original image with the decompression image. Based on the results obtained from the objective assessment of compression performance of RLE algorithm showed the best performance by yielding ratio, time, MSE and PSNR respectively 86,92%, 3,11ms, 0 and 0db. For Huffman, the results can be 12.26%, 96.94ms, 0, and 0db respectively. While LZW results can be in sequence -63.79%, 160ms, 0.3 and 58.955db. For the results of the subjective assessment, the experts argued that all images can be analyzed well.
Outils de gestion spécifiques dans une entreprise de l’économie sociale
Authors: Séran Hubert
Published: June 2018

Les outils de gestion sont étudiés pour leur efficacité dans la performance économique des organisations, mais rarement pour leur efficacité dans l’atteinte d’objectifs sociaux ou politiques que les entreprises de l’économie sociale poursuivent également. L’article propose une analyse de la mise en place d’un outil de gestion d’une activité « militante ». Les résultats font émerger les questions posées au sein d’espaces adaptés à des acteurs « militants » et les réponses apportées.
Aestheticised Rituals and (Non-)Engagement with Norms in Contemporary Turkey
Authors: Saglam Erol
Published: June 2018

Drawing on an ethnographic research in some rural communities
of Trabzon, Turkey, this article provides insights about the diversity of Islamic
pieties and their relations to religious norms. An exploration of everyday Islamic
practices in the area demonstrates how piety can take peculiar forms within which
norms are both publicly and socially upheld and yet also hollowed out. Among
Muslim men of ‘the Valley’ in Trabzon, piety emerges as an aggregate of reiterative
practices exterior to the pious self. Highlighting the aestheticised and ritualised
state of these engagements with Islam in the Turkish context allows discussion of
the relationships among practices of piety, pious subjectivities, and ethics.
Negotiating between Shi’a and Catholic Rituals in Iran
Authors: Zahedi Ashraf
Published: June 2018

Religious rituals, while comforting for believers, may be uncomfortable
for those who do not share their manifold meanings. Catholic Filipinas who marry
Muslim Iranian men face mandatory conversion to Islam, necessitating ongoing
negotiations between Christianity and Islam. My research suggests that these
Filipinas held their first religion dear while participating in – for them – unpleasant
Shi’a Muslims rituals. Their Filipino/Iranian children, familiar from birth with
Shi’a Islam, felt at home with both religions, no matter which one they chose for
themselves. The discussion of converts’ perceptions of Shi’a rituals contributes to
the literature on transnational marriages and marriage migration.
Damgah
Authors: Vuosalo-Tavakoli Ellen , Ghasempouri Mahmoud , Yaghobzadeh Younes
Published: June 2018

On the south coast of the Caspian Sea, certain agroecosystems called
Damgahs serve as winter habitats for migratory birds, where people have devised
artificial wetland systems in the fallow winter rice fields as an additional livelihood
strategy using natural resources around them. The damgahs attract thousands of
waterbirds, making their protective role similar to that of natural core zones in
a biosphere reserve. With a two-hundred-year-old history, damgahs have been
ecologically sustainable, as each enjoys a high degree of security, like a small island
inside a large ecosystem. Community relations and economic realities are key
elements in preserving this vital agroecosystem, forming part of the history of
people relating to nature in mutually beneficial ways.
Temporal response profiles of serum ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 and the 145-kDa alpha II-spectrin breakdown product after severe traumatic brain injury in children
Authors: Metzger Ryan R. , Sheng Xiaoming , Niedzwecki Christian M. , Bennett Kimberly S. , Morita Denise C. , Zielinski Brandon , Schober Michelle E.
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of acquired disability among children. Brain injury biomarkers may serve as useful diagnostic and prognostic indicators for TBI. Levels of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) and the 145-kDa alpha II-spectrin breakdown product (SBDP-145) correlate with outcome in adults after severe TBI. The authors conducted a pilot study of these biomarkers in children after severe TBI to inform future research exploring their utility in this population.

METHODS

The levels of UCH-L1 and SBDP-145 were measured in serum, and UCH-L1 in CSF from pediatric patients after severe TBI over 5 days after injury. Both biomarkers were also measured in age-matched control serum and CSF.

RESULTS

Adequate numbers of samples were obtained in serum, but not CSF, to assess biomarker temporal response profiles. Using patients with samples from all time points, UCH-L1 levels increased rapidly and transiently, peaking at 12 hours after injury. SBDP-145 levels showed a more gradual and sustained response, peaking at 48 hours. The median serum UCH-L1 concentration was greater in patients with TBI than in controls (median [IQR] = 361 [187, 1330] vs 147 [50, 241] pg/ml, respectively; p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed an AUC of 0.77. Similarly, serum SBDP-145 was greater in children with TBI than in controls (median [IQR] = 172 [124, 257] vs 69 [40, 99] pg/ml, respectively; p < 0.001), with an ROC AUC of 0.85. When only time points of peak levels were used for ROC analysis, the discriminability of each serum biomarker increased (AUC for UCH-L1 at 12 hours = 1.0 and for SBDP-145 at 48 hours = 0.91). Serum and CSF UCH-L1 levels correlated well in patients with TBI (r = 0.70, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Findings from this exploratory study reveal robust increases of UCH-L1 and SBDP-145 in serum and UCH-L1 in CSF obtained from children after severe TBI. In addition, important temporal profile differences were found between these biomarkers that can help guide optimal time point selection for future investigations of their potential to characterize injury or predict outcomes after pediatric TBI.
Intraventricular recurrence of a craniopharyngioma: case report
Authors: Renfrow Jaclyn J. , Greeneway Garret P. , Carter Lacey , Couture Daniel E.
Published: June 2018

Craniopharyngiomas frequently recur locally or less commonly along the path of prior resection. Ectopic recurrence is rare, although cases are reported along the neuraxis spanning from the subgaleal space down to the S1 nerve root. This case reports on a girl with a history of craniopharyngioma first resected at 23 months of age with two local suprasellar recurrences managed with repeat craniotomy and external beam radiation therapy. At age 14 she complained of worsening headaches and brain MRI demonstrated an enhancing 1.2-cm cystic lesion in the posterior body of the left lateral ventricle. Pathology following endoscopic resection of the lesion was consistent with an adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma. This case report serves to describe the first reported recurrence of a craniopharyngioma in the lateral ventricle and emphasizes the need for a high index of suspicion along with long-term follow-up of patients with a history of craniopharyngioma.
Secondary overtriage of pediatric neurosurgical trauma at a Level I pediatric trauma center
Authors: Mackel Charles E. , Morel Brent C. , Winer Jesse L. , Park Hannah G. , Sweeney Megan , Heller Robert S. , Rideout Leslie , Riesenburger Ron I. , Hwang Steven W.
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE

The authors reviewed the transfer requests for isolated pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) at a Level I/II facility with the goal of identifying clinical and radiographic traits associated with potentially avoidable transfers that could be safely managed in a non–tertiary care setting.

METHODS

The authors conducted a retrospective study of patients < 18 years of age classified as having TBI and transferred to their Level I tertiary care center over a 12-year period. The primary outcome of interest was identifying potentially avoidable transfers, defined as transfers of patients not requiring any neurosurgical intervention and discharged 1 hospital day after admission.

RESULTS

Overall, 70.8% of pediatric patients with isolated TBI did not require neurosurgical intervention or monitoring, indicating an avoidable transfer. Potentially avoidable transfers were associated with outside hospital imaging that was negative (86%) or showed isolated, nondisplaced skull fractures (86%) compared to patients with cranial pathology (53.8%, p < 0.001) as well as age ≤ 6 years (81% [negative imaging/isolated, nondisplaced fractures] vs 54% [positive cranial pathology], p < 0.001). The presence of headaches, nonfocal deficits, and loss of consciousness were associated with necessary transfer (p < 0.05). Patients with potentially avoidable transfers underwent frequent repeat CT studies (19.1%) and admissions to the pediatric intensive care unit (55.9%) but at a lower rate than those whose transfers were necessary (p < 0.001). Neurosurgical interventions occurred in 11% of patients with cranial pathology, which accounted for 17.9% of necessary transfers and 5.2% of all transfers.

CONCLUSIONS

In the authors’ region, potentially up to 70% of interfacility transfers for pediatric brain trauma in the absence of other systemic injuries warranting surgical intervention may not require neurosurgical intervention and could be managed locally. No patients transferred with isolated, nondisplaced skull fractures or negative CT scans required neurosurgical intervention, and 86% were discharged the day after admission. In contrast, 11% of patients with CT scans indicative of cranial pathology required neurosurgical intervention. Age > 6 years, loss of consciousness, and nonfocal deficits were associated with a greater likelihood of needing a transfer. Further studies are required to clarify which patients can be managed at local institutions, but referring centers should practice overcaution given the potential risks.
An immunological perspective for preventing cancer with berries
Authors: Pan Pan , Huang Yi-Wen , Oshima Kiyoko , Yearsley Martha , Zhang Jianying , Yu Jianhua , Arnold Mark , Wang Li-Shu
Published: June 2018

Berries and their phytochemicals have well documented chemopreventive roles, but understanding their ability to regulate cancer immunology is only beginning to be explored. The literature, including human studies, suggests that berry components can modulate our immune system to delay cancer development. Moreover, their wide spectrum of phytochemicals suggests that they might influence the functions of multiple immune cells and different aspects of cancer immunity. Cancer immune-therapies are showing promise for some types of cancer because they boost T cells’ ability to recognize tumor cells – an essential prelude to destruction. Recognition occurs after dendritic cells present antigen, such as tumor antigen, to T cells, generating an adaptive response. Therefore, the potential of berries to aid cancer immune-therapies by, for example, regulating dendritic cells, warrants further investigation in animal and human studies. More information is also needed about berries’ effects on the entire spectrum of immunity so that a comprehensive view can inform efforts to use berries to enhance immune responses during cancer prevention and treatment. This review summarizes the effects of berries as anti-tumor agents from the immunological perspective in tumor-bearing animals and humans.
Status of strawberry breeding programs and cultivation systems in Europe and the rest of the world
Authors: Mezzetti Bruno , Giampieri Francesca , Zhang Yun-tao , Zhong Chuan-fei
Published: June 2018

Strawberry cultivation is constantly increasing all over the world thanks to the varietal innovations obtained by numerous breeding and biotechnology projects and to the studies performed to discover new knowledge on plant’s physiology to develop innovative cultivation systems. Genetic resources remain crucial for breeding activities that can now be integrated with new genomic and molecular knowledge and technologies. Several research groups are dominating the development and control of these technologies, but there are also many emerging companies capable of developing innovations that can have important local and even global impacts. These activities are supported by important public research projects, also of international importance, but the link with the companies that must have access to the results to improve their innovation capacity remains important. The ultimate aim is to continue to expand the cultivation of the strawberry with the development of new cultivars with high adaptability to different environments and growing systems (field, greenhouse above ground) with less environmental impact and increased safety and quality for the consumer.
Structural System Selection Using the Integration of Multi-Attribute-Decision-Making (MADM) Methods
Authors: Polat Gul , Turkoglu Harun , Damci Atilla
Published: June 2018

A structural system carries all loads acting on the building and transfers them effectively to the soil through the foundation. Since it is the essential component of a building, selecting the most appropriate structural system is one of the critical decisions in the structural design. The design team, which consists of engineers and architects, is responsible for determining the structural system that will satisfy the owner's and end user's needs as well as the legal requirements. Due to the fact that a number of compromising and conflicting criteria may affect the structural system selection process, it is a difficult task and it should be considered as a multi-attribute-decision-making (MADM) problem. The main objective of this study is to provide the design teams with a MADM approach that will assist them in selecting the most appropriate structural system in a more objective and systematic manner. In the proposed approach, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to compute the weights of the criteria and Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) is employed to rank the structural system alternatives. In order to demonstrate how the proposed can be applied in a real life problem, the structural system of a housing project in Istanbul, Turkey is selected via this approach. The findings of the model were discussed with the decision making team in the studied project and they stated that the proposed approach could be easily employed as a guideline in selecting the most appropriate structural system from the managerial viewpoint. This paper is the revised version of the paper that has been published in the proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2018 (Polat et al., 2018).
Market Evaluation of Museum Buildings
Authors: Hajdu Miklós , Hajnal István
Published: June 2018

One of the less explored areas in the profession of property valuation is the assessment of the market value of publicly owned or used properties (such as roads, public utilities, parks or prisons). In particular, the “quasi-market” segment, which partly operates according to market mechanisms, is the most challenging point. Hospitals, theatres and museums are examples of such “quasi-market” public properties. Those projects have some market revenues; however, these are not enough to provide a return on the invested capital. Advanced methods of decision-support and analysis have been developed regarding public investments, and the modern technical literature studies the measurement of consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) intensively. Adopting these foundations for a museum building, authors proposes a framework which follows the logic of market valuation and facilitates the Market Value appraisal of “quasi-market” properties based on uniform principles. This is an extended version of article titled as “Model for the market valuation of public, “quasi-market” properties, using the valuation of a museum building as an example”, presented at Creative Construction Conference 2017, CCC 2017, 19-22 June 2017, Primosten, Croatia.
Zika virus: raising awareness to prevent a pandemic
Authors: Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Arshad Anas Imran
Published: June 2018

Zika virus is a flavivirus which is transmitted through Aedes female mosquito species or sexually. “Mild dengue” like symptoms are noticed which usually subside shortly and uneventfully. In 1969 ZIKV was isolated in West Malaysia for the first time. Since then no case has been reported in Malaysia. WHO has declared a global threat of an epidemic spread after the outbreak in Brazil. Rain forest climate regions are at a constant state of emergency as pools of water are abundantly formed as a result of rain showers throughout the year which provides a habitat for mosquitos. We try to raise awareness and alert health governing bodies and institutions to take necessary steps to prevent and eradicate the potential pandemic threat. Counselling of females who are planning to conceive is required to minimize the threat to newborn babies. Travellers visiting the equatorial regions should be screened and counselled to detect and prevent viral infection transfer and to avoid complications on a larger scale.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(3) 2018 p.327-328
Acoustic analysis of voice in post-tonsillectomy patients
Authors: Lea Lee Kai , Nik Hassan Nik Fariza Husna , Mohamad Irfan
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Tonsillectomy is a common surgical procedure performed in otolaryngology setting worldwide. It is a procedure to remove the palatine tonsils, which are one of the major structures in the oropharynx which constitute part of the vocal tract. The study aimed to determine acoustic changes in post-tonsillectomy patients.Methodology: Voice sampling was collected using Praat software before and after operation, which was one day before operation and within 2-3 weeks after the operation respectively. Acoustic parameters including fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, harmonic to noise ratio and first formant frequency were analyzed by using paired t-test.Results: A total of 27 participants that underwent tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy were involved in this study. The age range of participants was 3-56 years old. The mean age of study was 18.57. There was no significant difference for all the acoustic parameters between pretonsillectomy and post tonsillectomy. However, there were noticeable voice changes through auditory as perceived by participants or caregiver.Conclusion: Although patient and care givers do notice a significant voice changes, but objectively this finding is not reveals during objective voice assessment.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(3) 2018 p.382-387
A perceptual evaluation of speech disorders in children with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate in Hospital UniversitiSains Malaysia
Authors: Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Zulkipli Aimi Syahidah , Percival Sandra Elizabeth , Haque Sanjida
Published: June 2018

Aims and objective: The purpose of this cross sectional study was to determine the types and severity of speech disorders in children with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (Hospital USM) and describe the inter- and intra-judge reliability of perceptual evaluation of speech disorders using GOS.SP.PASS’98 and five-point rating scale. Four children with repaired UCLP with ages ranging from 8 years old to 12 years old were included in this study. Prior to data collection, participants were contacted through telephone call from the list of patients with UCLP obtained Combined Cleft and Craniofacial Deformity Clinic (Combined clinic) in Hospital USM, Kelantan from year 2013-2015 as well as from clinical records from the database of the Record Unit of Hospital USM from year 2003-2015. Following strict inclusion criteria participant has been selected. After that, history taking was first conducted with the participant’s parents, followed by collection of participant’s speech sample and finally concluded with oral motor examination.Results: Fifty percent of the speeh samples obtained from data collection were then duplicated for use in inter-rater and intra-rater reliability investigations. Exact agreement and kappa values were used for reliability measures. Seventy-five percent (3/4) participants exhibited speech disorders and 25% (1/4) participant had no evidence of speech disorder. The type of speech errors that occurred the most in the three participants were glottal articulations (39%), while the least speech errors includedlateralizations/lateral articulations (2%), backing to velar (1%), pharyngeal articulations (1%,) active nasal fricatives (1%) as well as nasal realizations of fricatives (1%). The severity of speech disorder ranged from some occurrences to occurring always or almost alwaysin the participants. Inter-judge reliability showed poor to slight agreement while intra-judge reliability revealed almost perfect agreement.Conclusion: The results obtained from this study were more or less similar to other studies conducted on the speech outcome of individuals with repaired UCLP.It is important that referrals be made to speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to evaluate the individuals’ speech outcomes even though surgical intervention has been provided to them to ensure a comprehensive management for the individual.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(3) 2018 p.470-478
Endoscopic Chemocauterization Of Congenital Piriform Fossa Sinus Tract In Children
Authors: Ali Ahmad Hafiz , Ismail Hashimah , Hamid Suzina Shiekh Ab
Published: June 2018

Abstract not availableBangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(3) 2018 p.507-510
Atypical Leiomyoma: a rare histologic variant - A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Pujani Mukta , Hassan Mohammad Jaseem , Rana Safia , Jetley Sujata
Published: June 2018

Bizarre or atypical leiomyoma (LM) is defined as “leiomyoma containing giant cells with pleomorphic nuclei and little or no mitotic activity.” Due to the ominous and worrisome microscopic appearance (many large giant cells with hyperchromatic, pleomorphic, malignant looking nuclei), this variant maybe misdiagnosed as a sarcoma. It, therefore presents a diagnostic challenge to the pathologist to accurately diagnose such a tumor while ensuring that a true malignancy is not overlooked. We report a case of a atypical leiomyoma of the uterus in a 40 year old female presenting with irregular menstrual bleeding. This highlights the need for extensive tissue sampling in such dubious cases to help arrive at a correct diagnosis.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(3) 2018 p.511-514
The influx of Yaba continues to ravage the Bangladeshi population- a short summary
Authors: Jamal Mostofa , Ito Asuka , Tanaka Naoko , Takakura Ayaka , Ameno Kiyoshi , Kinoshita Hiroshi
Published: June 2018

Abstract not availableBangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(3) 2018 p.518
A Comparative Study on Poaceae and Leguminosae Forage Crops for Aided Phytostabilization in Trace-Element-Contaminated Soil
Authors: Kim Min-Suk , Min Hyun-Gi , Lee Sang-Hwan , Kim Jeong-Gyu
Published: June 2018

When applying an aided phytostabilization in trace-element-contaminated agricultural soil, the cultivation of forage crops instead of edible crops can reduce the trace elements transfer to humans while minimizing the income loss of farmers. The objectives of this study were to compare the effect of the type of forage crops at the “family” level (Poaceae and Leguminosae) on aided phytostabilization using physical (water stable aggregation), chemical (Mehlich-3 extraction), and biological assessments (dehydrogenase activity). Pig manure and acid mine drainage sludge were used as soil amendments, and four plant species (Loliummultiflorum Lam. var. italicum and Secalecereale L. [Poaceae representatives], Viciavillosa Roth, and Trifoliumpratense L. [Leguminosae representatives]) were cultivated after amendment treatments. Chemical assessment showed that the reduction in bioavailability of trace elements was partly observed in legume crops. The positive effects of plant cultivation were determined through physical assessment. The effectiveness of pig manure as an organic amendment was determined by biological assessment. In some treatments, the synergistic effect of the incorporation of chemical stabilization with both plant families was observed but it was difficult to identify a clear distinction between the two families. The translocation of trace elements from root to shoot was low in all plants, indicating that the cultivation of the plants used in this study is safe with regards to the spread of trace elements into the environment. The results suggest that forage crop cultivation in contaminated agricultural soil could ameliorate soil quality after chemical stabilization.
Australian Public Opinions Regarding the Live Export Trade before and after an Animal Welfare Media Exposé
Authors: Sinclair Michelle , Derkley Tessa , Fryer Claire , Phillips Clive J. C.
Published: June 2018

The long distance export of livestock from Australia to Asia has long aroused controversy for suspected animal welfare concerns during and after the voyage. However, there is little or no information on the attitude of the Australian public towards this trade. A total of 522 Australians were surveyed in Brisbane to find out about their understanding of the trade, their attitudes towards it and the influence of demographic factors. Approximately one half of respondents were surveyed just before a media exposé of cruelty on sheep shipments in 2017 from Australia to the Middle East and one half just after the exposé, to see the impact of media depiction of cruel treatment of live export sheep. Most respondents believed that they were familiar with the industry, and more after the media exposé than before. More respondents had negative than positive feelings about the trade, and just over a quarter had no feelings. Twice as many thought it should be ended than maintained, particularly women, but 40% said that it depends, mainly on ethics and animal-based reasons. Those that thought it should not be ended mainly did so to support farmers and the country’s economy. Almost one half had seen the media exposé, particularly older respondents, and expressions of sadness, empathy for the animals and anger were the most common responses to such footage. Although it increased the number of people saying that they were familiar with the trade, it did not affect people’s view of the trade, except that fewer indicated that ending the trade was dependent on other factors. It is concluded that the majority of Australian respondents in one capital city had negative views towards the live export trade, and that a media exposé had some influence on this view.
In Silico Methods in Antibody Design
Authors: Zhao Jun , Nussinov Ruth , Wu Wen-Jin , Ma Buyong
Published: June 2018

Antibody therapies with high efficiency and low toxicity are becoming one of the major approaches in antibody therapeutics. Based on high-throughput sequencing and increasing experimental structures of antibodies/antibody-antigen complexes, computational approaches can predict antibody/antigen structures, engineering the function of antibodies and design antibody-antigen complexes with improved properties. This review summarizes recent progress in the field of in silico design of antibodies, including antibody structure modeling, antibody-antigen complex prediction, antibody stability evaluation, and allosteric effects in antibodies and functions. We listed the cases in which these methods have helped experimental studies to improve the affinities and physicochemical properties of antibodies. We emphasized how the molecular dynamics unveiled the allosteric effects during antibody-antigen recognition and antibody-effector recognition.