bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AWARENESS OF PRE-HOSPITAL FIRST AID AMONG MULTI-DISCIPLINARY UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: AN ANALYSIS
Authors: Hussain Zahid , Yaseen Ghulam , Ahmed Muhammad Irfan , Muddassar Muhammad , Ishaq Muhammad , Ali Muhammad Moazam
Published: February 2025

Background: World Health Organization claimed that more than 1.25 million people are killed annually by road traffic accidents. Likewise, in Pakistan, many people are also killed by road accidents or other emergencies due to the unavailability of first aidat the place of the incident. Medical students are little taught to provide pre-hospital first aid but non-medical students are not.Therefore, many victims losetheir lives or become disabled.The objective of the study was to analyze the awareness levelof first aid among multidisciplinary students of the university in relation to their previous training statusMaterial and methods: A cross-sectional survey wasconducted among 1315 multi-disciplinary students by using a self-administered questionnaire consistingof three-level Likert scale questions regarding first aid awareness. The χ2 and t-testwere used with the help of SPSS.Results: The results showed thatonly 12.2% of students had a good level of awareness. T-test showed that previously trained students had more awareness of first aid than untrained students, likewiseandχ2 test showed that the opinion of previously traned students “that first aid training should be mandatory for university students” significantly differed from previously untrained students.Conclusion: The study concluded that the level of awareness among multi-disciplinary university students was very low and immense action mustbe taken to improve it.Key Words:First aid, Awareness,Emergency, Injuries
PRIMARY INTRATHORACIC PLEUROPULMONARY SYNOVIAL SARCOMA WITH RIB METASTASIS: A RARE ENTITY
Authors: Gul Palwasha , Gul Pari
Published: February 2025

Primary synovial sarcoma is common in limbs, inpara particularlocation.Lungs are commonly involved by metastatic sarcoma due to hematogenous spreadwhereas primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma in the lungs is an infrequententity but highly aggressive. Symptoms and imaging findings are non-specificto make definite diagnosis,therefore it is easily confused with other pathologies. The key to correct diagnosis is histopathology.Primary pleuropulmonary synovial sarcoma is extremely rare. It is important to excluded other sites of primary synovial sarcoma. We report 50 years old female who presented with cough and dyspnea. CT scan showedenhancing circumscribed massin left hemithorax which provedto be synovial sarcoma on core biopsy.Key Words:Synovial sarcoma, Lung, Metastasis
Recent Physician’s Perception on Self-Medication and Antibiotic Abuse in Bangladesh
Authors: Mitu Eti Khan , Banik Susmita , Zimi Sk. Shahnewaz , Khondoker Nehal Islam , Haque Hafiz Ashraful
Published: February 2025

Herein a recent physician’s perception on the abuse of drugs, such as steroids, sedatives, and antibiotics ascribe to self-medication and inadequate dosage in Bangladesh has been investigated. The impact of medication abuse on both individual and community health is examined in this study from the perspective of medical experts. Seven stakeholders from various medical specialties were interviewed in-depth using qualitative methodologies at hospitals in Barishal and Khulna, two divisional districts of Bangladesh. According to the data, self-prescription, uncontrolled pharmacy practices, and insufficient treatment regimens are the main causes of the widespread incidence of antibiotic resistance. In future, it may turn into a serious public health issue or a biological hazard. Stakeholders highlight the harmful long-term implications of careless steroid usage, the abuse of powerful medications without adequate monitoring, and the misuse of antibiotics for viral diseases. In addition to raising personal health risks, this circumstance exacerbates social problems including the growth of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics and rising medical expenses. Strict enforcement of the sale of prescription-only medications, public education initiatives on the risks of self-medication, and increased availability of reasonably priced healthcare services are among the recommendations. Drug abuse and its wider effects on public health can be decreased by the healthcare system by tackling these systemic problems.
Top post-pandemic global health concerns
Authors: Ruffin Tasha , Rice Mary Eve , Wilson Debra Rose
Published: February 2025

Learn about the most pressing health concerns and the pandemic’s impact.
Ethics in everyday care
Authors: Kalevor Shika
Published: February 2025

The new Code of Ethics for Nurses and healthcare equity.
A Study of Urban Growth Model in Nigeria Using Geospatial Approaches: A GIS-Based Methodologies
Authors: Koko Auwalu Faisal
Published: February 2025

The study examines the application of geospatial methodologies in urban growth modeling within Nigeria’s cities. It underscores the vital role of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techniques in understanding rapid urbanization for informed decision-making and sustainable development. The study analyzed various GIS-based modeling methods, comprising Cellular Automata (CA)-Markov models, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE), demonstrating their utility in assessing urban growth patterns and facilitating urban planning. It further highlighted the importance of integrating GIS with remote sensing technologies to enhance the accuracy and applicability of urban growth models. However, despite the potential of these tools, several challenges, such as limited access to reliable data and technical expertise, hinder their widespread adoption. Therefore, the paper recommends enhanced collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and communities to overcome these barriers and leverage geospatial technologies for improved urban management and sustainable urban development.
Early Onset of Hypertension and Diabetes: Prevalence and Risk Factors among School Going Adolescents in Federal Capital Territory, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Okpebholo Eseohe.G. , Oludahunsi Oluwatooyin .F. , Ijarotimi Oluwole. S.
Published: February 2025

This study on early onset of hypertension and diabetes in adolescents was carried out to determine the prevalence of Hypertension, Prediabetes and diabetes among school-going adolescents in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja Nigeria. A questionnaire was used to assess all parameters. 717 in-school boarding and Day Students aged 10–19 years of age were assessed. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 23.0. Results showed that of the 717 sampled adolescents, 488 (68.1%) and 229(31.9) were Females and Males respectively. 286 Boarders and 431 Day Students. Participants ranged between ages 13-16years (59.7%) and 17-19yrs (40.3%). Cereals (51%) were the most consumed across the adolescent diet, while Dairy (2%), Eggs (1%) and fruit (1%) were the least consumed. 22.6% of adolescents were underweight, 1.7% Overweight and 0.4% Obese. The Tri ponderal Risk assessment showed 93.6% of adolescents are at Low Risk of disease onset, 3.6% moderate risk and 2.8% High Risk. Combined Risk factors observed was Less exercise, regular consumption of processed foods and (29.5%), Family History (21.6%) 6.7% Overweight and Obesity (4.2%), Prediabetes (6.7%) Smoking (4.2%). The mean Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) was 4.2 ± 1.2 mmol/L. 9.7% and 2% males and female subjects had FBS >5.5mmol/ as either Prediabetic or Diabetic. A total prevalence of 82(11.7%) of adolescents were noted with prediabetes or Diabetes. Elevated systolic BP 17(2.4%), Elevated Diastolic BP 7(1%) and (systolic and/ or diastolic) 8(1.4%) were reported among the adolescents. The female Population had higher elevated scores in Blood Glucose Levels (7.1%) and Blood Pressure (3.2%), and the regression coefficient between BMI and other parameters was very weak (R<0.2) for Diabetes and Hypertension except for Systolic and Diastolic blood Pressure with statistical significance (p < 0.005).
Remote Working and Human Resources Management in the Post-pandemic Reality: A qualitative Research of Entrepreneurs and Employees in Poland
Authors: REMBIASZ Małgorzata , SIEMIENIAK Paulina
Published: February 2025

The article presents selected aspects of remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic and prospects for the future development of this form of working. The article presents the results of two studies. The first one concerned the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and remote working on the professional and personal lives of young women and men. The second one was conducted among 350 small and medium-sized Polish enterprises. The results were compared with reports and other studies.
Emotional Intelligence and The Perceived Influence on Job Satisfaction: An Exploratory Study with Nurses
Authors: Silva COSTA Diana , Leite RIBEIRO João , GOMES Delfina
Published: February 2025

Composed of a multiplicity of capabilities inherently linked to the emotions of individuals, Emotional Intelligence has been drawing the attention of the academic and scientific community, as well as different organizations, regarding its importance- and role in the current job market. In this sense, the present study intends to understand how nurses perceive and value emotional intelligence from the Portuguese National Health Service, how these professionals define the concept of job satisfaction, and what they consider to be its causes. A qualitative approach was followed according to the interpretative paradigm and the exploratory research to fulfill the proposed objectives. As for the data collection method, twenty-five semi-structured interviews were carried out with nurses who exercise or have already exercised their profession in the National Health Service. In turn, the content analysis method was used to analyze the opinions and perspectives of professionals on the subject in question. The study concludes by highlighting that the participants attribute importance to Emotional Intelligence for their well-being, improvement of their practice, and interaction with users. Moreover, different ways were explored through which the components of Emotional Intelligence, in the perception of these nursing professionals, can positively influence the satisfaction they feel in their jobs.
Non-Financial Human Resources Management Reporting Indicators in The Area of Sustainable Development
Authors: RÓŻAŃSKA-BIŃCZYK Izabela , ŁUCZAK Paweł
Published: February 2025

The paper explores the integration of sustainable development within Human Resource Management (HRM) practices, emphasizing the need for comprehensive non-financial reporting indicators. The authors examine how sustainable practices, aligned with Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria, are becoming essential in evaluating a company’s societal and environmental impact beyond financial performance. They highlight the challenges associated with reporting social aspects, such as employee well-being, due to a lack of standardized metrics. To address this, the study proposes a set of metrics within HRM that can assess organizational commitment to sustainability in social areas. These metrics are categorized into five key areas: employee well-being and job satisfaction, training and skills development, equality and diversity, working conditions and employment flexibility, and talent management and succession planning. Each category provides measurable indicators for companies to evaluate and report their progress in promoting a sustainable work environment. The paper argues that integrating these metrics can enhance transparency and accountability in sustainability reporting, supporting a balanced approach to meeting economic goals alongside environmental and social responsibilities. This framework aids organizations in achieving long-term sustainability, responding to regulatory requirements, and satisfying growing stakeholder expectations for responsible business practices.
Personality Traits and The Level of Job Satisfaction and Burnout Syndrome Among Healthcare Employees
Authors: PRZYMUS Monika , GOLAB Sylwia , BEDZIK Beata
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to assess the relationship between personality traits and job satisfaction as well as burnout syndrome among healthcare employees. The focus was on psychological aspects relating to the five-factor model of personality, describing dimensions such as neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, which can affect job satisfaction and risk of burnout. This issue is of public health significance as low job satisfaction and high burnout among healthcare workers affect patient care quality and employment stability. A sample of 120 female nurses was surveyed, covering various positions, using the Job Satisfaction Scale (SSP), the Oldenburg Burnout Inventor (OLBI), and the NEO-FFI personality inventory. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were applied to identify statistically significant relationships. Results indicated limited predictive power of personality traits on job satisfaction and burnout levels. However, higher satisfaction was associated with lower burnout, specifically regarding exhaustion and disengagement.
Olive stone as a sustainable agricultural by-product: Valorization pathways and prospects in food and feed Industries
Authors: Mumcu Ayla , Deliboran Aise
Published: February 2025

Background: Olive stone (OS) has emerged as a promising by-product with potential applications in food and feed formulations, owing to its unique properties. Despite growing interest in recent years, research dedicated to the comprehensive evaluation of OS remains limited.
Aim: This review aimed to elucidate the structure, physical and chemical properties of OS, provide an overview of its diverse application areas, and highlight its potential utilization in food and feed formulations through case studies and recent advancements.
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using prominent databases, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus, with a focus on studies published in recent years. The search strategy employed keywords such as olive, olive by-products, olive stone composition, valorization areas, use of agricultural wastes in food. Relevant publications in English or Turkish were considered, resulting in a reference list of 97 articles that were critically reviewed and cited.
Results: OSs are a significant by-product generated during the olive oil extraction and pitted table olive production, constituting approximately 18-22% of the olive fruit. OS possesses a lignocellulosic composed primarily of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. Although its current predominant use is as fuel due to its high calorific value, OS exhibits potential for diverse applications owing to its rich composition of fat, protein, bioactive phenolic compounds and dietary fiber. Potential valorization pathways include activated carbon production, oil extraction, furfural synthesis, plastic filling material, cosmetic formulations, biosorbents, resin production, and animal nutritional supplementation. Recent studies have increasingly explored the use of OSs as a functional food ingredient, with promising results demonstrating its efficacy as an antioxidant, nutraceutical and thickening agent in food formulations.
Conclusion: This review underscores the multifaceted potential of OS, particularly in food and feed applications. The valorization of OS aligns with sustainable waste management practices and offers innovative opportunities for enhancing food and feed formulations.

Keywords: Olive, olive stone, waste management, waste valorization, agricultural by-product.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HYBRID LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND ANXIETY LEVELS
Authors: IRFAN MUFLIH NAUFAL
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
COVID-19 is a virus that quickly spread worldwide and made the government limit all social activities, including in the field of education. This is something that is new to all individuals and is prone to having an impact on their psyche. Therefore, this research is important. This study aims to find out how far the relationship between hybrid learning and anxiety levels during the COVID-19 pandemic in students at MA Citra Cendekia, South Jakarta. This type of research uses quantitative methods. The object of the research is class 10th and 11th students at MA Citra Cendekia, South Jakarta. The data in this study were collected using a questionnaire technique. The results showed that out of 54 samples, 20 people or 37.0% of them experienced anxiety caused by hybrid learning. There is a significant relationship between the two variables that impact students' cognition according to the statistical test results where the probability value is 0.008.
COVID-19 merupakan virus yang menyebar dengan cepat ke seluruh dunia dan membuat pemerintah membatasi segala kegiatan sosial, tak terkecuali pada bidang pendidikan. Hal ini merupakan sesuatu yang baru bagi semua individu dan rentan berdampak pada kejiwaan mereka. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menjadi penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana hubungan antara pembelajaran hybrid (pembelajaran jarak jauh dan pembelajaran tatap muka) dengan tingkat kecemasan pada masa pandemi COVID-19 pada peserta didik di MA Citra Cendekia, Jakarta Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Objek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas X dan di MA Citra Cendekia, Jakarta Selatan. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 54 sampel, sebanyak 20 orang atau 37,0% mengalami kecemasan yang disebabkan oleh pembelajaran hybrid. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kedua variabel tersebut yang berdampak pada kognisi peserta didik menurut hasil uji statistik dimana nilai probabilitasnya sebesar 0,008.
A Novel Approach to Estimate Carbon and Nitrogen Flux from In Situ Optics: Application to Cyclonic Eddies off the Cape Verde Islands
Authors: Moradi Nasrollah , Hufnagel Lili , Ramondenc Simon , Flintrop Clara , Kiko Rainer , Fischer Tim , Hauss Helena , Körtzinger Arne , Fischer Gerhard , Iversen Morten
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Mesoscale eddies are pervasive in the global ocean and are suggested to play a significant role in enhancing carbon export from the surface to the deep ocean. However, their dynamic nature and associated challenges of in-situ sampling have limited direct measurements of carbon flux within these features, leaving their contribution to carbon export uncertain. In-situ optical devices offer a promising solution by providing high-resolution data on particle abundance and size distribution (PSD) within eddies, both vertically and horizontally. Yet, converting PSD data into reliable carbon flux estimates is particularly challenging in dynamic features like eddies, and is further complicated by the need to account for key factors regulating carbon export. To address this, we present a novel mechanistic framework that optimally integrates PSD data with flux measurements, settling velocities and respiration rates of in-situ collected aggregates, together with water temperature and oxygen concentration to estimate both particulate carbon and nitrogen fluxes in the water column. This framework tackles primary challenges by incorporating contributions from suspended particles, size-dependent sinking velocities, and the degradation rates of settling particles with depth. Applied to a multi-instrument dataset from a high-resolution survey of eddies off the Cape Verde Islands, the presented framework reveals distinct funnel-shaped flux patterns for particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, with a twofold enhancement of flux within the examined cyclonic eddy. Furthermore, it identifies lower carbon-to-nitrogen ratios in settling organic matter at the deep eddy core, indicating the transport of fresher organic matter to the deep sea. These findings provide new insights into eddy-driven carbon export, highlighting the roles of settling velocity, water temperature, and oxygen concentration in shaping carbon flux and organic matter stoichiometry. While observed in a single eddy, this doubling of carbon flux underscores the potential for mesoscale eddies to locally enhance carbon export and, given their widespread occurrence, contribute significantly to the ocean's capacity to sequester atmospheric CO2.
Discussion of the spectral slope of the lidar ratio between 355 nm and 1064 nm from multiwavelength Raman lidar observations
Authors: Haarig Moritz , Engelmann Ronny , Baars Holger , Gast Benedikt , Althausen Dietrich , Ansmann Albert
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The extinction-to-backscatter ratio also known as lidar ratio is an important quantity in active remote sensing with lidar. It is a key parameter in aerosol typing and an essential quantity to derive the extinction coefficient from elastic backscatter lidars like the spaceborne Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) or ceilometer observations. The present study discusses the spectral dependence of the lidar ratio from the frequently measured lidar ratios at 355 and 532 nm to the rarely observed lidar ratio at 1064 nm. Therefore, a special focus is put on the rotational Raman lidar method applied to the emission wavelength of 1064 nm. We present a literature review on existing triple-wavelength lidar ratio observations and add new measurements for marine and continental aerosol. For cirrus clouds, marine and continental aerosol the spectral behavior is neutral; for sulfate aerosol, we see a decrease from 532 to 1064 nm. In the case of mineral dust, the lidar ratio slightly increases towards 1064 nm and in the case of aged smoke an increase with wavelength is found. Furthermore, we observe an increase of the lidar ratio with relative humidity for continental aerosol and report hygroscopic growth factors. The findings are compared to the assumptions made in the CALIPSO version 4 automated aerosol classification and lidar ratio selection algorithm (Kim et al., 2018). We could confirm these assumptions for marine and sulfate aerosol. However, we see slight differences for mineral dust and continental aerosol and pronounced differences for elevated smoke.
Andreybulakhite, Ni(C2O4)  ⋅  2H2O, the first natural nickel oxalate
Authors: Vereshchagin Oleg S. , Britvin Sergey N. , Pankin Dmitrii V. , Zelenskaya Marina S. , Krzhizhanovskaya Maria G. , Kuz'mina Maria A. , Vlasenko Natalia S. , Frank-Kamenetskaya Olga V.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Andreybulakhite, ideally Ni(C2O4) ⋅ 2H2O, is a new member of the humboldtine group, named in honour of Andrey Glebovich Bulakh of Saint Petersburg State University. The mineral was discovered at the Nyud-II (Nud-II) Cu–Ni sulfide deposit, Monchegorsk mafic–ultramafic pluton, Kola Peninsula, Russia. Andreybulakhite forms segregations of platy to prismatic crystals up to 2×1×1 µm in size that are localized in the upper part of the fruiting bodies (apothecia) of Lecanora cf. polytropa lichen, whose colonies overgrow the oxidized surfaces of pyrrhotite–pentlandite–chalcopyrite ore. The mineral is monoclinic, with space group C2/c, a=11.8392(5) Å, b=5.3312(2) Å, c=9.8357(7) Å, β=126.723(5)°, V=497.59(3) Å3 and Z=4. The Raman spectrum of andreybulakhite contains the following bands (cm−1): 1701 (C=O stretching vibrations and/or multiphonon processes); 1621 (H2O bending vibrations); 1454 and 924 (C–O and C–C stretching modes); 597 (Ni–O stretching, C–C–O and O–C–O bending vibrations); and 550, 307 and 226 (predominantly Ni–O stretching and deformation modes). The absorption bands of the infrared spectrum are (cm−1) 3389 (O–H stretching vibrations), 1640 (H2O bending vibrations), 1357 and 1315 (C–O stretching, C–C stretching), and 818 (Ni–O stretching, C–O and C–C stretching, C–C–O and O–C–O bending vibrations). The empirical formula calculated on the basis of (Ni + Cu + Mg + Co) =1 atom per formula unit is (Ni0.63Cu0.27Mg0.08Co0.02)Σ1.00(C2O4) ⋅ 2H2O. The absence of iron in the mineral is a result of oxidative Ni2+/Fe3+ fractionation during the secondary aqueous alteration of Ni- and Cu-rich sulfides. Andreybulakhite has synthetic Ni and Co counterparts; the latter implies the possibility of formation of its Co analogue in a related cobalt-rich environment.
Investigation of the impact of complex coastline geometry on the evolution of storm surges along the eastern coast of India: a sensitivity study using a numerical model
Authors: Tiwari Pawan , Rao Ambarukhana D. , Pandey Smita , Pant Vimlesh
Published: February 2025

Abstract. We conduct a comprehensive investigation of the generation of storm surges along the coast in response to complex coastline geometry using a standalone advanced circulation (ADCIRC) model. The study deals with sensitivity experiments using various idealized concave and/or convex model domains with the same intensity in terms of parallel cyclone tracks. It demonstrates that a sharp curvature, along with the landfall location of each track within the domain, has more influence on the surge evolution. Peak surges (PSs) are generated in the domain with tracks possessing strong onshore winds, while intense alongshore winds are responsible for PSs spreading along the coast. The time evolution of both positive and negative surges along the coast is also demonstrated. The propagation of energy density per unit length associated with surge waves is computed for concave coasts to explain the funneling effect. Using parallel tracks, the development of PSs is also seen, with actual intricate coastal stretch having concave and convex coastlines along the eastern coast of India, which is consistent with the findings of idealized experiments. Further simulations are carried out along real coastlines, with the different approach angles of the track exhibiting that maximum PSs are not always aligned with the east of the track. Depending on the track angle, PSs may also develop on the western side. Experiments on real coastlines also indicate that peak surge in the concave coastline is more influenced by the cyclone's radius of maximum winds. Surge generation with different radii of maximum winds is seen to the western side of the track, though the cyclone does not experience landfall in this region. Simulation with a recent cyclone, Michaung, reveals that the occurrence of storm tides is also seen to the west of the landfall location as the track moves parallel to the coast, which agrees with the observations. This study shows the importance of the local coastline configuration, particularly for the concave coasts, in relation to the intensification of storm surges.
Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of soil respiration in a bare-soil Mediterranean olive grove
Authors: Aranda-Barranco Sergio , Serrano-Ortiz Penélope , Kowalski Andrew S. , Sánchez-Cañete Enrique P.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Soil respiration (Rs) is an important carbon flux in terrestrial ecosystems, and knowledge about this CO2 release process and the drivers involved is a key topic in the context of global change. However, temporal and spatial variability has not been studied extensively in semi-arid systems such as olive groves. In this study, we show a full year of continuous measurements of Rs with six automatic chambers in a fertigated olive grove with bare soil in the Mediterranean accompanied by modeled ecosystem respiration (Reco) estimated by decomposing net ecosystem exchange (NEE) measured using the eddy covariance (EC) technique. To study spatial variability, the automatic chambers were distributed equally under the canopy (Rs  Under-Tree) and in the center of the alley (Rs Alley), and the gradient of Rs between both locations was measured in several manual campaigns in addition to angular changes about the olive trees. The results indicate that Rs  Under-Tree was 3 times higher than Rs Alley in the annual computations. Higher Rs was found on the southern face, and an exponential decay of Rs was observed until the alley's center was reached. These spatial changes were used to weigh and project Rs onto the ecosystem scale, whose annual balance was 1.6–2.3 times higher than the Reco estimated using EC-derived models. Rs  Under-Tree represented 39 % of the Rs of the olive grove. We found values of Q10<1 in the vicinity of the olive tree in the warm period. Outbursts of CO2 emissions associated with precipitation events were detected, especially in the alley, during dry periods and after extended periods without rain, but they were not accurately detected by EC-derived respiration models. We point out an interaction between several effects that vary in time, that are different under the canopy than in the alleys, and that the accepted models for estimating Q10 and Reco do not consider. These results show high spatial and temporal heterogeneity in soil respiration and the factors involved, which must be considered in future works in semi-arid agroecosystems.
Experimental drought and soil amendments affect grassland above- and belowground vegetation but not soil carbon stocks
Authors: Guasconi Daniela , Cousins Sara A. O. , Manzoni Stefano , Roth Nina , Hugelius Gustaf
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Soils are the largest terrestrial carbon (C) pool on the planet, and targeted grassland management has the potential to increase grassland C sequestration. Appropriate land management strategies, such as organic matter addition, can increase soil C stocks and improve grasslands' resilience to drought by improving soil water retention and infiltration. However, soil carbon dynamics are closely tied to vegetation responses to management and climatic changes, which affect roots and shoots differently. This study presents findings from a 3-year field experiment on two Swedish grasslands that assessed the impact of compost amendment and experimental drought on plant biomass and soil C to a depth of 45 cm. Aboveground biomass and soil C content (% C) increased compared with untreated controls in compost-amended plots; however, because bulk density decreased, there was no significant effect on soil C stocks. Experimental drought did not significantly reduce plant biomass compared to control plots, but it stunted the increase in aboveground biomass in compost-treated plots and led to changes in root traits. These results highlight the complexity of ecosystem C dynamics and the importance of considering multiple biotic and abiotic factors across spatial scales when developing land management strategies to enhance C sequestration.
Assessing the impact of wind profiles at offshore wind farm sites for field data-enabled design
Authors: Marini Rebeca , Vratsinis Konstantinos , Kestel Kayacan , Sterckx Jonathan , Matthys Jens , Daems Pieter-Jan , Verstraeten Timothy , Helsen Jan
Published: February 2025

Abstract. As wind turbines grow and wind farms become denser, more insight into real metocean conditions is essential for operational efficiency and load assessment. Light Detection And Ranging LiDAR) technology, which can substitute the use of meteorological masts, has garnered significant attention in the literature. However, it indirectly measures wind parameters, relying on assumptions and built-in algorithms. Wind field reconstruction (WFR) methods offer users greater control over LiDAR measurements, enabling customised flow assumptions and parameter estimation. These measurements were taken during a measurement campaign on a wind turbine in the Belgian offshore zone. The WFR method has detected weather events, such as high shear, during the measurement campaign. These events are also linked to on-site weather conditions by using open-source metocean data. The findings align with the current literature on the correlation between events and weather conditions and the clear difference between wind profiling and a power law wind profile for loads design as proposed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard. The results emphasise the importance of real measurements in understanding wind field characteristics, offering improved accuracy compared to standard assumptions, such as the IEC power law profile used for load design. This work underscores the value of real-life wind profiling for designing and operating wind farms in offshore environments.
منهج الإمام البیضاوی فی اختیاراته و ترجیحاته في التفسیر: دراسة تحلیلية وصفية
Authors: Mehmood Hasan  , Durrani Musaab Iftikhar
Published: February 2025

This research delves into the methodology and approach of Imam Al-Baydawi in his interpretative preferences within Tafsir. Focused on the theoretical and practical aspects, it aims to unravel the nuanced choices made by this renowned scholar. Imam Al-Baydawi's succinct and precise exegesis, highly regarded in the Islamic world, warrants a detailed investigation of his interpretative leanings. Despite his work's widespread influence, a gap exists in understanding his preferences. This study fills this void by meticulously examining and tracing Imam Al-Baydawi's interpretative tendencies, shedding light on his unique perspective. By exploring his approach, this research contributes to a deeper comprehension of Tafsir methodologies, offering insights valuable to both scholars and students in the field.Through a comprehensive analysis of Imam Al-Baydawi's interpretative preferences, this research seeks to elucidate the factors influencing his choices and shed light on the underlying principles guiding his exegesis. By considering the historical context, linguistic nuances, and theological frameworks prevalent during his time, this study seeks to gain a profound understanding of Imam Al-Baydawi's preferences and choices methodology in Tafsir.
کرپٹو کرنسی پر معاصر لٹریچرکا مقاصد شریعہ کے تناظر میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Authors: حافظ محمد حسن محمود  , ڈاکٹر الطاف حسین لنگڑیال
Published: February 2025

Crypto Currency is nowadays predictable as one of the significant advanced areasin the field of Islamic Finance. This has led to the initiation of crypto currencyprojects in various Islamic countries via the setup of crypto currency exchange. Itis imperative for the progress of the crypto currency economy to understandwhether the crypto currency is halal for Muslims or otherwise. Most of theexisting written work regarding crypto currency has name bitcoin that the mostfamous type of crypto currency. Work about contemporary literature is anessential and inevitable part of Islamic Sciences. Scholastic and historical essenceof beliefs and commandments including social values lie in manuscripts.Manuscripts not only introduce new generation with predecessors but alsoprovide principles leading towards future destination. Manuscripts. Enable one torecognize human being and it becomes possible to look through embrasure of thepast. These reflect one's familiarity with evolutionary phases as well as dogmaticthoughts. Here is presented a brief introduction of repository of contemporaryliterature on Bitcoin written by well-known Scholars. Academic literature shoulddepict the contemporary thoughts and must address the issues of the time. In thisarticle contemporary discourse about crypto currency has been analyzed. Itexplains the legitimacy of crypto in the light Maqasad-e-Shariah. The scholars infavour of its legitimacy argues that crypto currency can be used became it is aform of asset. On the other hand three reasons given for its ill-legitimacy in thecontemporary literature are:1. It is an illegal trade.2. It is not checked by any concerned auditing authorities.3. The trade of this currency is not safe.
التراث الإسلامي وعلاقته بالثقافة الإسلامية دراسة وصفية تحليلة
Authors: الدکتور صفی اللہ محمد وکیل
Published: February 2025

This research clarifies the concept of Islamic Heritage, its importance,benefits, divisions, and the West's position towards this original heritage, andhow it is considered one of the most important components of the generalIslamic culture. This heritage that we inherited from the forefathers isconsidered one of the most important sources of Islamic culture that relied ondrawing its characteristics on the original sources of Islam, and with thisspecificity the Islamic culture was distinguished similarly like Islamiclegislations and unlike the other man- made laws that are subject to deficiency,ruin , destruction and ending, the Islamic culture was based in its sources onthe Holy Qur'an and the noble Prophet's Sunnah, therefore, its characteristicswere consistent with the characteristics of Islam because of its closeconnection with it in terms of source, strength, taking , survival , continuityand empowerment, and because it carries its approach, goals and objectives inwhich the Islamic culture absorbs all different aspects of life from foreignpolicy, internal governance, judiciary, administration, economics, socialaspects, transactions and worship, and many other diverse areas in people'sindividual or social lives, thus, it is surrounded by man in different stages ofhis life from birth, childhood and manhood, and in his relationships needsinternally and externally and all of these can be discussed in terms ofauthenticity of Islamic Heritage, because it is considered one of the mostimportant topics that the Islamic culture taken care of by research and studythrough the sources, bases, characteristics, goals and effects on individual andsociety and directs it in all matters of life.
Capitalist and Labor Relations under Islamic Jurisprudence
Authors: Malik Saqib Ali  , Shabana Kausar
Published: February 2025

In the modern world, the issues and challenges between the capitalistand labor relation have been worth importance from last many years.Practically speaking, ensuring the rights and obligations of both parties caneradicate the distances between the two potential economic players.Explicit clauses of contract can build the confidence level of labor andcapital as well which will further stimulate the level of productivity in thecountry rather it will serve as catalyst for the sustainable development. TheGolden means for the capitalist and labor has been highlighted which stemform the foundation laid down in Quran and Hadiths. The maximum clarityin the job contract and assurance of the rights and obligations of theCapitalist and Labor under the umbrella of Islamic Jurisprudence can onlyenhance the healthy and growth oriented environment for all the economicactivities. The main stance of the Islam Golden means is interest of oneparty must not be escalated on the cost of other party.
Impact of Money Supply on Inflation in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis
Authors: Akhtar Minhaj , Muhammad Irfan Siddique  , Zia ur Rehman
Published: February 2025

The study analyzed the impact of money supply on Inflation in Pakistan. The data is taken from World Development Indicators for the period 1971-2020. Augmented Dickey Fuller Test is applied to check the stationarity of data. Vector Error Correction Model is applied for long run and short run estimates because all the variables are integrated of order one. Vector Error Correction estimates show that money supply has positive and significant impact on Log of Consumer Price Index in the long run. Gross domestic product (GDP) also exerts strong positive impact on inflation in Pakistan.
Behavior change in students and teachers: A Perspective from Theory of Planned Behavior.
Authors: Wajid Zoya
Published: February 2025

The study seeks to assess the relation between Attitude towards the study environment, Subjective norms, perceived Behavior control, and Knowledge sharing behavior Adoption Intention mediate a role in the context education sector.
The sample for this study is taken from the educational sector of Pakistan. This research is based on primary and cross-sectional data from 400 plus respondents by using a convenience sampling technique. Almost 450 questionnaires were given back, representing a response rate of 88.8%. The usable questionnaires were 419 for this research study.
The research provides evidence that.
This research also takes part in the existing literature in three ways. This study about the relation between Attitude towards study environment and knowledge sharing behavior is not so direct. Some variables are influencing and mediating this relationship. Therefore, this research tests a model and develops a complex relation between Attitude towards study environment and knowledge sharing by involving mediators (Adoption Intention). Secondly, studies on Attitude towards study environment and knowledge sharing are done in our country Pakistan. This study is done in developing countries like Pakistan which can help in explaining the effect of this online learning in the broader context. Thirdly, the studies on the linkage of Adoption Intention and Knowledge sharing behavior have been focused on the education sector. This research focuses on the education sector.
МАШИНАЛЫҚ ОҚЫТУ АЛГОРИТМДЕРІН ҚОЛДАНА ОТЫРЫП ДАУЫСТЫ ТАНУ
Authors: Мекебаев Нурбапа , Даркенбаев Даурен , Алтыбай Аршын
Published: February 2025

Біз мақалада біз дауысты автоматты түрде тану жүйесінің жұмысын жақсартатын алгоритмін анықтау үшін дауыстың әртүрлі MFCC мүмкіндіктерін және дауысты тану үшін машиналық оқыту алгоритмдерін қарастыратын боламыз. Біздер дауысты тану үшін машиналық оқыту алгоритмдерінің ішінен нейрондық желі архитектурасын салыстырып қайсысы жақсы нәтиже беретінін анықтаймыз. Біздің мақсатымыз нейрондық желі архитектурасының көп қабатты перцептронды (MLP) және конволюциялық нейрондық желілерді (CNN) дауысты тануға тән ерекшеліктерді автоматты түрде зерттеу. Эксперимент барысында сөйлеушінің дауысын тану, анықтау алгоритмі мен моделі құрылып, дауысты тану екі кезеңде жүзеге асырылды: оқыту және тестілеу.
INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF ROLLER ROLLING MODES FOR THE FORMATION OF A NEW MICRORELIEF OF THE TREATED SURFACE OF THE PART
Authors: Bulekbayeva Gulmira , Tabylov Abzal , Bukayeva Amina , Mambetaliyeva Gulsara , Rzayeva Kamar
Published: February 2025

The functional purpose of the parts is largely determined by the quality parameters of their work surfaces. Currently, surface plastic deformation is an effective method of finishing and hardening treatment, ensuring high quality of the working surfaces of the parts. This method provides a complete change in the initial roughness and forms a new regular surface profile of the part. The study was carried out within the framework of the AP 19680395 project "Study of the stress-strain state of deposited parts and development of a method for reducing their deformations in the processes of surface plastic deformation" under grant funding of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article investigates the effect of finishing and hardening treatment modes by surface plastic deformation on the formation of a new microrelief of the treated surface of the part. The results of experimental studies on the influence of finishing and hardening treatment modes on the surface roughness of the part are presented. It is determined that the deformation of surface roughness irregularities is of an elasto-plastic nature and working forces during processing due to an increase in the contact area. The analysis of the results indicates an almost linear dependence of the roughness on the modes of finishing and hardening treatment. It was found that in the range of variable parameters with increasing speed, number of passes and decrease in feed, the roughness value approaches the optimal ones, which are regulated by technical conditions. Under the same processing conditions, the roughness of shafts made of 50X steel exceeds the roughness parameters of shafts made of 45 steel by 15-30%.
О РАЗРАБОТКЕ КРИТЕРИЕВ ОЦЕНКИ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВ ПО МЕТОДУ МНОГОКРИТЕРИАЛЬНОГО ПРИНЯТИЯ РЕШЕНИЙ ПРИ ВЫБОРЕ ПРОТОКОЛА КОНСЕНСУСА БЛОКЧЕЙНА ДЛЯ СЕТЕЙ ИНТЕРНЕТА ВЕЩЕЙ
Authors: Оспанов Руслан , Сейткулов Ержан , Ташатов Нурлан , Ергалиева Бану , Сергазин Гани
Published: February 2025

Данная работа посвящена вопросу разработки критериев оценки альтернатив при выборе протокола консенсуса блокчейна для сетей Интернета вещей с помощью системы многокритериального принятия решений. Интернет вещей (IoT) является одной из ключевых областей применения технологий распределенного реестра и блокчейна. Эти технологии могут предложить эффективные решения для устранения недостатков традиционных IoT-приложений. В условиях быстрого роста IoT-технологий выбор оптимального протокола консенсуса становится критически важным для обеспечения безопасности, энергоэффективности и масштабируемости сетей. В работе выявлены и проанализированы ключевые критерии, такие как пропускная способность, децентрализация, стимулы, устойчивость и безопасность, которые позволяют проводить всесторонний анализ различных протоколов. Применение метода многокритериального принятия решений в данном контексте позволяет учитывать многообразие требований и обеспечивать объективность при выборе наиболее подходящего протокола для IoT-сетей. Полученные результаты могут быть полезны для разработчиков и исследователей, работающих в области блокчейна и Интернета вещей, и способствуют улучшению эффективности и безопасности IoT-сетей.
ҮЛКЕН ДЕРЕКТЕРГЕ НЕГІЗДЕЛГЕН КӨЛІК КЕПТЕЛІСІН БАСҚАРУ БОЙЫНША ЗЕРТТЕУЛЕР
Authors: Абдиахметова Зухра , Темирбекова Жанерке , Қартбаев Амандық
Published: February 2025

Қарқынды әлеуметтік-экономикалық даму жағдайында қалалық көліктер саны күрт өсіп, жолдардағы кептеліс артуда. Кептеліс адамдардың қозғалысын қиындатып, әлеуметтік қайшылықтарды күшейтіп қана қоймайды, сонымен қатар қала ауасының ластануына әкеліп соқтырады, бұл өз кезегінде бірқатар экологиялық проблемаларды тудырады. Көлік кептелісі жол-көлік оқиғаларының да көбеюіне әкеліп соқтырды, бұл кептелісті нашарлатып, жыл сайын кептелістен келетін экономикалық шығынның өте жоғары болуының себебі. Қалалық көлік мәселелерін шешу жолдары «ақылды қалалар» саласындағы заманауи зерттеулердің нысанына айналды. Жұмыстың негізгі мақсаты - тор центроидіне негізделген деректер кластерлерінің санын анықтайтын алгоритмді пайдалану арқылы кептеліс аймағын есептеу. Бұл жұмыс параллельді торға негізделген K-құралдарын кластерлеуді бар K-құралдар кластерлеуімен салыстырады. Қалалық жол желілерін және траектория деректерін талдау және барлау негізінде тордың тығыздығына негізделген қалалық жол желілерінің траекториясын кластерлеу алгоритмі ұсынылады. Бұл ретте бағдаршамдық қиылыстар мен қиылыстар сияқты арнайы қозғалыс жағдайларының үлгілері үшін бағдаршамдық қиылыстардағы кептелісті анықтау әдісі келтірілген. Осы жұмыста ұсынылған қалалық жол желісінің траекториясын кластерлеу алгоритмін пайдалану арқылы кептеліс нүктесі мен ауданын есептеу әдісі және траектория деректерін, қалалық жол желісі мен кептеліс нүктесін және алынған нәтижелерді кластерлеу және талдау арқылы алынған. визуалды түрде көрсетіледі. Жол қозғалысының нақты жағдайын талдаумен ұштастыра отырып, осы жұмыста ұсынылған кептеліс нүктелері мен кептеліс аймақтарын есептеу әдісі дәл және тиімді екендігі көрсетілген. Зерттеудің мақсаты – қалалық жол желілерін және траектория деректерін талдау және зерттеу үшін параллель торға негізделген K-орташа кластерлеуді K-орташа кластерлеу алгоритмімен салыстыру. Сонымен қатар, қалалық жол желісінің траекториялары үшін кластерлік алгоритмді пайдалану кейбір күрделі мәселелерді шешу және жоғары тиімділікке қол жеткізу үшін қозғалыс жағдайларының арнайы үлгілерін жасауға мүмкіндік береді.