bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Cellulose Acetate-Based Proton Exchange Membrane with Sulfonated SiO2 and Plasticizers for Microbial Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Palanisamy Gowthami , Im Yeong Min , Muhammed Ajmal P. , Palanisamy Karvembu , Thangarasu Sadhasivam , Oh Tae Hwan
Published: June 2023

Developing a hybrid composite polymer membrane with desired functional and intrinsic properties has gained significant consideration in the fabrication of proton exchange membranes for microbial fuel cell applications. Among the different polymers, a naturally derived cellulose biopolymer has excellent benefits over synthetic polymers derived from petrochemical byproducts. However, the inferior physicochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of biopolymers limit their benefits. In this study, we developed a new hybrid polymer composite of a semi-synthetic cellulose acetate (CA) polymer derivate incorporated with inorganic silica (SiO2) nanoparticles, with or without a sulfonation (–SO3H) functional group (sSiO2). The excellent composite membrane formation was further improved by adding a plasticizer (glycerol (G)) and optimized by varying the SiO2 concentration in the polymer membrane matrix. The composite membrane’s effectively improved physicochemical properties (water uptake, swelling ratio, proton conductivity, and ion exchange capacity) were identified because of the intramolecular bonding between the cellulose acetate, SiO2, and plasticizer. The proton (H+) transfer properties were exhibited in the composite membrane by incorporating sSiO2. The composite CAG–2% sSiO2 membrane exhibited a higher proton conductivity (6.4 mS/cm) than the pristine CA membrane. The homogeneous incorporation of SiO2 inorganic additives in the polymer matrix provided excellent mechanical properties. Due to the enhancement of the physicochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties, CAG–sSiO2 can effectively be considered an eco-friendly, low-cost, and efficient proton exchange membrane for enhancing MFC performance.
Role of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels in Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Human Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 Cells
Authors: Vasileva Valeria Y. , Khairullina Zuleikha M. , Sudarikova Anastasia V. , Chubinskiy-Nadezhdin Vladislav I.
Published: June 2023

Calcium-activated potassium channels (KCa) are important participants in calcium signaling pathways due to their ability to be activated by an increase in intracellular free calcium concentration. KCa channels are involved in the regulation of cellular processes in both normal and pathophysiological conditions, including oncotransformation. Previously, using patch-clamp, we registered the KCa currents in the plasma membrane of human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells, whose activity was controlled by local Ca2+ entry via mechanosensitive calcium-permeable channels. Here, we performed the molecular and functional identification of KCa channels and have uncovered their role in the proliferation, migration and invasion of K562 cells. Using a combined approach, we identified the functional activity of SK2, SK3 and IK channels in the plasma membrane of the cells. Selective SK and IK channel inhibitors, apamin and TRAM-34, respectively, reduced the proliferative, migratory and invasive capabilities of human myeloid leukemia cells. At the same time, the viability of K562 cells was not affected by KCa channel inhibitors. Ca2+ imaging showed that both SK and IK channel inhibitors affect Ca2+ entry and this could underlie the observed suppression of pathophysiological reactions of K562 cells. Our data imply that SK/IK channel inhibitors could be used to slow down the proliferation and spreading of chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells that express functionally active KCa channels in the plasma membrane.
Metabolic Modeling of Hermetia illucens Larvae Resource Allocation for High-Value Fatty Acid Production
Authors: Grausa Kristina , Siddiqui Shahida A. , Lameyer Norbert , Wiesotzki Karin , Smetana Sergiy , Pentjuss Agris
Published: June 2023

All plant and animal kingdom organisms use highly connected biochemical networks to facilitate sustaining, proliferation, and growth functions. While the biochemical network details are well known, the understanding of the intense regulation principles is still limited. We chose to investigate the Hermetia illucens fly at the larval stage because this stage is a crucial period for the successful accumulation and allocation of resources for the subsequent organism’s developmental stages. We combined iterative wet lab experiments and innovative metabolic modeling design approaches to simulate and explain the H. illucens larval stage resource allocation processes and biotechnology potential. We performed time-based growth and high-value chemical compound accumulation wet lab chemical analysis experiments on larvae and the Gainesville diet composition. We built and validated the first H. illucens medium-size, stoichiometric metabolic model to predict the effects of diet-based alterations on fatty acid allocation potential. Using optimization methods such as flux balance and flux variability analysis on the novel insect metabolic model, we predicted that doubled essential amino acid consumption increased the growth rate by 32%, but pure glucose consumption had no positive impact on growth. In the case of doubled pure valine consumption, the model predicted a 2% higher growth rate. In this study, we describe a new framework for researching the impact of dietary alterations on the metabolism of multi-cellular organisms at different developmental stages for improved, sustainable, and directed high-value chemicals.
One Health Approach to Arbovirus Control in Africa: Interests, Challenges, and Difficulties
Authors: Massengo Norvi Rigobert Bienvenu , Tinto Bachirou , Simonin Yannick
Published: June 2023

The “One Health” concept considers that human and animal health, and ecosystems are closely related and aims to make a link between ecology and human and veterinary medicine. Due to the explosion in population growth along with the geographic and climatic conditions (equatorial and/or tropical climate), Africa is becoming a major hotspot for various socio-health issues associated with infectious diseases, including arboviruses. The incontestable advantages of a One Health approach in Africa lie in the fight against pathogens, such as arboviruses, and in the preservation of environmental, animal, and human health to ensure that the increasing high needs of this population are met as well as their protection against potential epidemics. The One Health strategy gives us a glimpse of the difficulties and challenges that the African continent faces. The importance of this approach in Africa is to establish guidelines and strategies for effective solutions and changes in behavior and harmful activities. Overall, the establishment of high-quality global health policies in the framework of the global health standards program would provide healthy and sustainable human–animal–environmental interactions for the welfare of all.
Impact of Nystatin Oral Rinse on Salivary and Supragingival Microbial Community among Adults with Oral Candidiasis
Authors: Zhang Lanxin , Manning Samantha , Wu Tong Tong , Zeng Yan , Lee Aaron , Wu Yan , Paster Bruce J. , Chen George , Fiscella Kevin , Xiao Jin
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Nystatin oral rinse on salivary and supragingival microbiota in adults with oral candidiasis and identify predictive factors related to individuals’ responses to Nystatin. The trial involved twenty participants who used 600,000 International Units/application of Nystatin oral rinse for seven days, four times a day, and were followed up at one week and three months after the rinse. The salivary and plaque microbiome of the participants were assessed via 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. Overall, salivary and plaque microbiomes remained stable. However, among the participants (53 percent) who responded to Nystatin rinse (defined as free of oral Candida albicans post treatment), Veillonella emerged as a core genus alongside Streptococcus and Actinomyces in supragingival plaque at the 3-month follow-up. Furthermore, statistical models were fit to identify predictive factors of Nystatin rinse success (elimination of C. albicans) or failure (remaining C. albicans). The results revealed that an increased level of salivary Interferon (IFN)-γ-inducible protein (IP-10), also known as C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), was an indicator of a failure of responding to Nystatin rinse. Future clinical trials are warranted to comprehensively assess the impact of antifungal treatment on the oral flora.
Geochemistry of Red Soils in the Kas District of Antalya (Türkiye) Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches and GIS
Authors: Ozer Atakoglu Ozge , Yalcin Mustafa Gurhan , Leventeli Yasemin , San Bekir Taner
Published: June 2023

Red soil is formed by weathering due to the effect of bedrock and various fluids in subtropical and tropical climate zones. The major and trace element geochemistry of red soil are important for understanding its environmental conditions and interpreting its genesis. This study aims to determine how red soil is formed in the study area, where magmatic rocks are located, and to determine their relationship with magmatic fluids. In this context, geochemical analyses were conducted, and index values, spatial distributions, and multivariate statistics of the samples were calculated. Methods: A total of 49 red soil samples collected from the Sutlegen Village in the Kas district of Antalya were subjected to geochemical analysis. The following major elements were found in the red soil samples: Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3, TiO2, CaO, MgO, K2O, P2O5, and SO3. The Al2O3–SiO2–Fe2O3 triangular diagram revealed that the samples underwent moderate laterization. Multivariate statistical analyses indicated that major element oxides of Al2O3, Fe2O3, and SiO2 behaved differently from other components and revealed that red soil formations were associated with magmatic fluids. The region is a potential area for economic bauxite resources. Detailed investigations should be conducted on mineral exploration for bauxite ore.
Chiral Separation of Oxazolidinone Analogs by Capillary Electrophoresis Using Anionic Cyclodextrins as Chiral Selectors: Emphasis on Enantiomer Migration Order
Authors: Szabó Zoltán-István , Boda Francisc , Fiser Béla , Dobó Máté , Szőcs Levente , Tóth Gergő
Published: June 2023

Comparative chiral separations of enantiomeric pairs of four oxazolidinone and two related thio-derivatives were performed by capillary electrophoresis, using cyclodextrins (CDs) as chiral selectors. Since the selected analytes are neutral, the enantiodiscrimination capabilities of nine anionic CD derivatives were determined, in 50 mM phosphate buffer pH = 6. Unanimously, the most successful chiral selector was the single isomeric heptakis-(6-sulfo)-β-cyclodextrin (HS-β-CD), which resulted in the highest enantioresolution values out of the CDs applied for five of the six enantiomeric pairs. The enantiomer migration order (EMO) was the same for two enantiomeric pairs, irrespective of the CD applied. However, several examples of EMO reversals were obtained in the other cases. Interestingly, changing from randomly substituted, multi-component mixtures of sulfated-β-CD to the single isomeric chiral selector, enantiomer migration order reversal occurred for two enantiomeric pairs and similar observations were made when comparing heptakis-(2,3-di-O-methyl-6-O-sulfo)-β-CD, (HDMS-β-CD) with HS-β-CD. In several cases, cavity-size-dependent, and substituent-dependent EMO reversals were also observed. Minute differences in the structure of the analytes were also responsible for several cases of EMO reversal. The present study offers a complex overview of the chiral separation of structurally related oxazolidinones, and thio-analogs, highlighting the importance of the adequate choice of chiral selector in this group of compounds, where enantiomeric purity is of utmost importance.
Efficient Adsorption Capacity of MgFe-Layered Double Hydroxide Loaded on Pomelo Peel Biochar for Cd (II) from Aqueous Solutions: Adsorption Behaviour and Mechanism
Authors: Huang Yongxiang , Liu Chongmin , Qin Litang , Xie Mingqi , Xu Zejing , Yu Youkuan
Published: June 2023

A novel pomelo peel biochar/MgFe-layered double hydroxide composite (PPBC/MgFe-LDH) was synthesised using a facile coprecipitation approach and applied to remove cadmium ions (Cd (II)). The adsorption isotherm demonstrated that the Cd (II) adsorption by the PPBC/MgFe-LDH composite fit the Langmuir model well, and the adsorption behaviour was a monolayer chemisorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cd (II) was determined to be 448.961 (±12.3) mg·g−1 from the Langmuir model, which was close to the actual experimental adsorption capacity 448.302 (±1.41) mg·g−1. The results also demonstrated that the chemical adsorption controlled the rate of reaction in the Cd (II) adsorption process of PPBC/MgFe-LDH. Piecewise fitting of the intra-particle diffusion model revealed multi-linearity during the adsorption process. Through associative characterization analysis, the adsorption mechanism of Cd (II) of PPBC/MgFe-LDH involved (i) hydroxide formation or carbonate precipitation; (ii) an isomorphic substitution of Fe (III) by Cd (II); (iii) surface complexation of Cd (II) by functional groups (-OH); and (iv) electrostatic attraction. The PPBC/MgFe-LDH composite demonstrated great potential for removing Cd (II) from wastewater, with the advantages of facile synthesis and excellent adsorption capacity.
A Fast and Efficient Procedure of Iron Species Determination Based on HPLC with a Short Column and Detection in High Resolution ICP OES
Authors: Orłowska Aleksandra , Proch Jędrzej , Niedzielski Przemysław
Published: June 2023

The optimization and application of a new hyphenated procedure for iron ionic speciation, i.e., high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with short cation–exchange column (50 mm × 4 mm) coupled to high resolution inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP hrOES), is presented in this paper. Fe(III) and Fe(II) species were separated on the column with the mobile phase containing pyridine–2,6–dicarboxylic acid (PDCA). The total time of the analysis was approx. 5 min, with a significantly low eluent flow rate (0.5 mL min−1) compared to the literature. Additionally, a long cation-exchange column (250 mm × 4.0 mm) was used as reference. Depending on the total iron content in the sample, two plasma views were chosen, e.g., an attenuated axial (<2 g kg−1) and an attenuated radial. The standard addition method was performed for the method’s accuracy studies, and the applicability was presented on three types of samples: sediments, soils, and archaeological pottery. This study introduces a fast, efficient, and green method for leachable iron speciation in both geological and pottery samples.
Practical Method to Evaluate the Stiffness of Fractured Radius
Authors: Noraphaiphipaksa Nitikorn , Katepun Surangkana , Waitayawinyu Thanapong , Kanchanomai Chaosuan
Published: June 2023

Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are one of the most common fractures of the upper extremity system. To evaluate the performance of DRF treatments, the construct (i.e., a DRF fixed by an implant) was compressed at the distal radius in the axial direction to evaluate the compressive stiffness. In previous studies, various constructs of both cadaveric and synthetic radii have been proposed for biomechanical testing for DRF. Unfortunately, high deviations of the measured stiffness have been reported across the literature, which may relate to the inconsistency of applied mechanical actions (i.e., the tested radii may under various combinations including compression, bending, and shear). In the present study, a biomechanical apparatus and an experimental procedure were proposed for the biomechanical testing of radii under pure compression. After the biomechanical tests of synthetic radii, it was found that the standard deviation of stiffness was significantly lower than that in previous studies. Thus, the biomechanical apparatus and the experimental procedure were proven to be a practical method for the evaluation of radii stiffness.
Green Cleaning of 3D-Printed Polymeric Products by Micro-/Nano-Bubbles
Authors: Gao Haoxiang , Zhang Fenghua , Tang Kangkang , Luo Xianyu , Pu Ziang , Zhao Jiuzhou , Jiao Zhiwei , Yang Weimin
Published: June 2023

3D printing technology has been used to directly produce various actual products, ranging from engines and medicines to toys, especially due to its advantage in producing items of complicated, porous structures, which are inherently difficult to clean. Here, we apply micro-/nano-bubble technology to the removal of oil contaminants from 3D-printed polymeric products. Micro-/nano-bubbles show promise in the enhancement of cleaning performance with or without ultrasound, which is attributed to their large specific surface area enhancing the adhesion sites of contaminants, and their high Zeta potential which attracts contaminant particles. Additionally, bubbles produce tiny jets and shock waves at their rupture, driven by coupled ultrasound, which can remove sticky contaminants from 3D-printed products. As an effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly cleaning method, micro-/nano-bubbles can be used in a range of applications.
Olfactory Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease, Its Functional and Neuroanatomical Correlates
Authors: Torres-Pasillas Gabriel , Chi-Castañeda Donají , Carrillo-Castilla Porfirio , Marín Gerardo , Hernández-Aguilar María Elena , Aranda-Abreu Gonzalo Emiliano , Manzo Jorge , García Luis I.
Published: June 2023

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is known for its motor alterations, but the importance of non-motor symptoms (NMSs), such as olfactory dysfunction (OD), is increasingly recognized. OD may manifest during the prodromal period of the disease, even before motor symptoms appear. Therefore, it is suggested that this symptom could be considered a marker of PD. This article briefly describes PD, the evolution of the knowledge about OD in PD, the prevalence of this NMS and its role in diagnosis and as a marker of PD progression, the assessment of olfaction in patients with PD, the role of α-synuclein and its aggregates in the pathophysiology of PD, and then describes some functional, morphological, and histological alterations observed in different structures related to the olfactory system, such as the olfactory epithelium, olfactory bulb, anterior olfactory nucleus, olfactory tract, piriform cortex, hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex, and amygdala. In addition, considering the growing evidence that suggests that the cerebellum is also involved in the olfactory system, it has also been included in this work. Comprehending the existing functional and neuroanatomical alterations in PD could be relevant for a better understanding of the mechanisms behind OD in patients with this neurodegenerative disorder.
Detection of Asymptomatic Mpox Carriers among High-Ri Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Prospective Analysis
Authors: Rossotti Roberto , Calzavara Daniele , Cernuschi Massimo , D’Amico Federico , De Bona Anna , Repossi Roberto , Moschese Davide , Bossolasco Simona , Tavelli Alessandro , Muccini Camilla , Mulé Giovanni , d’Arminio Monforte Antonella
Published: June 2023

Mpox is traditionally considered a zoonotic disease with endemic circulation in Africa, but the 2022–2023 outbreak reached an unprecedented high number of cases in non-endemic countries, so that it was declared a public health emergency of international concern. The reasons for this extensive global spread, characterized by sexual transmission amongst men who have sex with men (MSM), have not been fully clarified. The existence of asymptomatic carriers with viable viral shedding might be an explanation and is under-debated after retrospective studies suggested that infection without symptoms might have a prevalence of 6.5%. We aimed to prospectively assess the presence of mpox infection in asymptomatic high-risk MSM using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and living with HIV. We selected individuals with no signs of active infection nor suggestive symptoms in the previous 21 days. Eligible individuals collected oral and anal swabs to undergo point-of-care testing for mpox and completed a 21-days follow-up. Seventy-two individuals were enrolled, and none tested positive for mpox infection nor developed symptoms during follow-up. We selected a high-risk population with a significant history of sexual exposure, but we failed to detect any asymptomatic infection. This observation might have important consequences in terms of contact management and epidemic control.
Objective Assessment of Adherence and Inhaler Technique among Asthma and COPD Patients in London: A Study in Community Pharmacies Using an Electronic Monitoring Device
Authors: Hesso Iman , Nabhani-Gebara Shereen , Kayyali Reem
Published: June 2023

Background: The INhaler Compliance Assessment (INCATM) device is an electronic monitoring device (EMD) that assesses both patient’s adherence and inhaler technique (IT). This study aimed, first, to assess the value of using the INCATM device as an objective measure during medicine use review (MUR) consultations provided by community pharmacists (CPs) on patients’ adherence and IT. Second, we aimed to explore patients’ perceptions about the INCATM device. Methods: A mixed methods approach was used, involving two phases. Phase one was a service evaluation in independent community pharmacies in London with a before-and-after study design. The service included provision of an MUR consultation to asthma and COPD patients using objective feedback about adherence and IT generated with the INCATM device. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS. Phase two involved semi-structured interviews with respiratory patients. Thematic analysis was performed to generate key findings. Main findings: Eighteen patients participated in the study (12 COPD and 6 asthma). The results showed significant improvement in the INCATM actual adherence from 30% to 68% (p = 0.001) and significant reduction in IT error rate from 51% to 12% (p = 0.002) after conducting the service. Analysis of the interviews revealed patients’ positive attitudes in terms of the perceived benefits of the technology and a desire for future use and recommendation for others. Patients had also positive attitudes towards the consultations provided. Conclusion: Embedding an objective measure about adherence and IT during CPs’ consultations showed a significant improvement in patients’ adherence and IT and was accepted by patients as well.
Long-Cavity M-Plane GaN-Based Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers with a Topside Monolithic Curved Mirror
Authors: Palmquist Nathan C. , Anderson Ryan , Kearns Jared A. , Back Joonho , Trageser Emily , Gee Stephen , Denbaars Steven P. , Nakamura Shuji
Published: June 2023

We report long-cavity (60.5 λ) GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with a topside monolithic GaN concave mirror, a buried tunnel junction current aperture, and a bottomside nanoporous GaN distributed Bragg reflector. Under pulsed operation, a VCSEL with a 9 µm aperture had a threshold current density of 6.6 kA/cm2, a differential efficiency of 0.7%, and a maximum output power of 290 µW for a lasing mode at 411 nm and a divergence angle of 8.4°. Under CW operation, the threshold current density increased to 7.3 kA/cm2, the differential efficiency decreased to 0.4%, and a peak output power of 130 µW was reached at a current density of 23 kA/cm2.
Mechanical Properties of Full-Grouted Prestressed Anchor Bolts under Typical Bed-Separation Conditions
Authors: Zhu Zhen , Shang Fulu , Gao Yubin , Lu Zelin , Zhang Peng , Du Mingqing , Guan Xiaoming , Wang Xuchun
Published: June 2023

For tunnel-support engineering, the bed separation of surrounding rock has a great influence on the support performance of bolts. In order to reveal the mechanical properties of the full-grouted prestressed bolt under the influence of bed separation, three typical working conditions of single-separation, multi-separation and different separation positions were set up, and theoretical models and numerical models were established. Furthermore, the characteristics of bolt axial force and anchorage–interface shear stress were analyzed by numerical method, and the sensitivity based on an orthogonal test was studied by means of range analysis and variance analysis. The results showed that: (1) under the single-separation condition, the separation value has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the bolt, and with the increase in the separation value, the sliding failure unit of the bolt increases; (2) for multi-separation conditions, if the total separation value is the same, the increase in the number of separation interfaces is beneficial to the force of the bolt; (3) for the case where the separation layer is located at different positions, the separation layer on the right side is more likely to cause the overall slip failure of the bolt; and (4) for the above three influencing factors, the separation value has the greatest influence on the mechanical properties of the bolt, and the separation position has the least influence.
Changes in Surface Hydrophobicity of Coal Particles and the Formation of Coarse Particle–Bubble Clusters in the Process of High-Intensity Conditioning
Authors: Jia Xiaofu , Yu Yuexian , Liu Jiahui , Min Chen , Liu Fan , Zhang Ningning , Chen Songjiang , Zhu Zhanglei
Published: June 2023

The mechanism of high-intensity conditioning (HIC) has not been thoroughly revealed, and therefore this work investigates the effect of HIC on the surface hydrophobicity of coal with different particle sizes and the possible formation of particle–bubble clusters. The results show that different HIC conditions are required for coarse and fine particles. Coarse particles (+75 μm) require a higher turbulence intensity to increase collector dispersion, thereby increasing the adsorption of the collector. Fine particles (−75 μm) require a lower turbulence intensity to reduce the desorption of the collector. In this study, the optimum HIC conditions for coarse and fine particles are “2200 rpm + 1 min” and “1300 rpm + 1 min”, respectively. Interestingly, it seems that the adsorption capacity between fine particles and the collector is weaker than that for coarse particles. A non-enclosed HIC system produces up to 1.78 × 104/g bubbles in coarse particle–bubble clusters, and the mean bubble diameter is approximately 87 μm. The cluster achieves pre-mineralization and increases the apparent particle size, which is expected to improve flotation.
Combined Use of Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic Fields for the Study of Bonding Mechanisms between Dexamethasone Disodium Phosphate Molecules
Authors: Kouderis Constantine , Kalampounias Angelos G.
Published: June 2023

We have investigated the ultrasonically induced birefringence traces of aqueous solutions of dexamethasone disodium phosphate, a derivative of hydrocortisone (cortisol). The stationary birefringence and the transient built-up and decay relaxation processes were studied as a function of solution concentration, ultrasound frequency and intensity, as well as a function of temperature. The results were analyzed in view of structural peculiarities of the system in an effort to gain further insights into the molecular relaxation dynamics and the proposed self-association process occurring in the system. The detected ultrasonically induced birefringence relaxation is motivated by the rotational diffusion of dexamethasone disodium phosphate aggregates due to self-association depending on the solution concentration. The observed relaxation mechanism is directly linked to the hydrodynamic size of the acoustic field-induced self-assembly. The systematic analysis of the transient birefringence signals caused by the applied ultrasonic field allowed us to evaluate the interplay between permanent and induced dipoles with changing concentration, temperature, and ultrasound properties. The birefringence traces are adequately fitted with a stretched exponential law indicating the polydispersive nature of the self-aggregated molecular structures. The obtained results are described in the light of recent studies performed on this system.
A Tailored MOOC Fostering Intercultural Conflict Management in the Educational Context: Evidence from Italy
Authors: Dell’Aquila Elena , Vallone Federica , Zurlo Maria Clelia , Marocco Davide
Published: June 2023

Managing relationships between/with students is one of the main duties that teachers are asked to fulfill, which becomes even more challenging in multi-ethnic/multicultural educational contexts. Responding to the need for culturally-qualified training for school professionals and given the increasing use of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)—often without evidence supporting their efficacy—this study will evaluate the potential of a tailored MOOC—designed to tackle overt/covert discrimination and foster inclusion and culturally responsive teacher–student interactions—to promote teachers’ awareness and competence in conflict management. Overall, 206 Italian teachers experienced the MOOC, of whom 99 completed the Rahim Conflict Management Inventory-II, assessing Conflict Management Styles (Integrating, Obliging, Compromising, Dominating, and Avoiding) pre- and post-MOOC. Potential changes in the adoption of Conflict Management Styles after completing the MOOC were evaluated. After completing the MOOC, there was a reduction in teachers’ recourse to the Avoiding and Obliging styles and, of note, more informed/targeted use of the Dominating style. These findings provided evidence-based contributions sustaining that the MOOC may effectively foster a more aware, engaged, and active pattern for managing relationships and conflicts within classes, thus potentially having a tangible positive impact on the real everyday life of teachers experiencing this training and their students.
Government Attention, Market Competition and Firm Digital Transformation
Authors: Jin Xuejun , Pan Xiao
Published: June 2023

Clarifying the driving factors of enterprise digital transformation can help us understand the real driving forces of industrial digitization and digital industrialization, improve the implementation of industrial policies, and narrow the digital divide between different regions and firms to facilitate high-quality and sustainable development. Based on 38,891 news items from provincial and municipal governments in China, this paper uses text analysis to depict the government’s attention to the digital economy and explore the influencing factors driving digital transformation. In the empirical analysis, government attention to the digital economy positively impacts enterprise digital transformation primarily through fiscal expenditures on science and technology, the digital economy level, the digital financial inclusion level, industrial agglomeration, and firm nature. The positive impact of market competition on enterprise digital transformation is significant for small-scale firms. The insight from this finding is that enterprise digital transformation cannot be solved entirely by market forces but also needs to be led by digital industrial policies with government attention.
COVID-19 Cases and Deaths among Healthcare Personnel with the Progression of the Pandemic in Korea from March 2020 to February 2022
Authors: Kim Yeonju , Yang Sung-Chan , Jang Jinhwa , Park Shin Young , Kim Seong Sun , Kim Chansoo , Kwon Donghyok , Lee Sang-Won
Published: June 2023

Healthcare personnel (HCP) are vulnerable to COVID-19 infection due to their higher risk of contact with infected persons. The numbers of cases and deaths among HCP in Korea were divided into four periods associated with different major variants of SARS-CoV-2: GH clade, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron. To evaluate the implication of HCP infection in Korea, we overviewed the pandemic status in Korea and in other countries: the cases, deaths, excess mortality, and vaccination rates in Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In about two years, there were 10,670 HCP cases among all COVID-19 cases (1.15% of 925,975 cases). HCP cases had a lower death rate (%) compared to that for all cases (0.14 versus 0.75). Nurses were the most infected (55.3%), followed by HCP of other categories (28.8%) and doctors (15.9%), while deaths were mostly reported among doctors (9 out of 15, 60%). Cases among HCP gradually increased, but the death rate decreased as the pandemic progressed. Compared to five of the other countries examined, Korea had a higher incidence of cases but a lower mortality, lower excess mortality, and a higher vaccination rate.
A Critical Comparison of the Cuk and the Sheppard–Taylor Converter
Authors: Alvarez-Diazcomas Alfredo , Rodríguez-Reséndiz Juvenal , Carrillo-Serrano Roberto V. , Estévez-Bén Adyr A. , Álvarez-Alvarado José Manuel
Published: June 2023

The use of and interest in renewable energy have increased in recent years due to the environmental impact of the technologies currently used to generate electricity. Switched converters play a fundamental role in renewable energy systems. The main goal is to manipulate the output signal of the renewable energy source to meet the requirements of different loads. Therefore, the increase in research on renewable energy sources has resulted in an increase in studies on switched converters. However, many DC–DC converters can be used in a particular application, and there is no clear guidance on which converter to use. The choice of whether to use one converter over another is highly reliant on the expertise of the researcher. Two examples of DC–DC converters are the Sheppard–Taylor converter and the Cuk converter. In this work, a critical comparison is made between these converters. The parameters considered in this comparison are the number of components, gain, stress on parts, and others. The simulation results were obtained to evaluate the performance of the converters in different scenarios. Finally, we conclude that the only application for which the use of the Sheppard–Taylor converter is justified are those that require high specific power and power density.
Millennial Community Participation in Tourism Village Development
Authors: Kusherdyana  , Muslim Syaeful , Misran Misran , Wibowo Singgih Tri
Published: June 2023

Sumberbulu Hamlet is a Tourism Village located in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province. The people of this village are trying to develop their village into an advanced tourist village that is attractive for many tourists to visit. However, in its development, community participation in village development is felt to be not optimal, especially the participation of people who are classified as millennials. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the forms and levels of millennial community participation in efforts to develop their villages. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with informants from several residents belonging to the millennial age group and village officials. The results of the study show that the form of participation is included in Pseudo-Participation, while the level of participation, in general, is at the Partnership level. It is recommended that the village government and other stakeholders can improve education and training for millennial communities in the development of tourism villages, so that they can strengthen their abilities and knowledge in developing tourism in Sumberbulu village.
Ecotourism Development Strategy of Mangrove Forest in Kurau Timur Village, Koba District, Bangka Tengah Regency
Authors: Henri Henri , Ningsih Gea Ratri , Bahtera Novyandra Ilham
Published: June 2023

East Timur Village has pristine mangrove areas. It has much potential that can be developed, one of which is mangrove ecotourism which is directly managed by the people of East Kurau Village. Mangrove ecotourism still need to optimize its potential tourism destination object. The research aims to formulate a development strategy for Mangrove Ecotourism in East Kurau Village, Koba District, Central Bangka Regency. The research uses a qualitative approach with IFAS (Internal Factors Analysis Strategy) and EFAS (External Factors Analysis Strategy). The data is collected through in-depth interviews with related stakeholders, questionnaires distributed to tourists, and field observations. Moreover, the indicators used to measure the data include accessibility, infrastructure, and other supporting aspects. The ecotourism strategy is answered using the SWOT analysis method. The results from matrix calculations of IFAS and EFAS show that the value of the X-axis was 0.93 and of the Y-axis was 0.88. This indicates that the strategic position was at the quadrant I, with the strategic formulation of S-O (aggressive strategy). Some strategies have been formulated, including: Supporting mangrove conservation and creative economic business management; Establishing cooperation in providing supporting infrastructure; Optimizing cooperation in providing education on the benefits of mangroves; and Increasing the government’s commitment to mangrove development.
Hotel Financial Compensation System During COVID-19
Authors: Wahyu Adrian I Gusti Agung , Tharmin Bennet Reginald Varian , Adriansyah Edwin
Published: June 2023

Purpose of the study: This research aims to identify the forms and systems of financial compensation applied by hotel management during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Design/methodology: This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The data was obtained from observations and in-depth interviews with four key participants representing various levels of positions in the hotel.
Findings: The findings showed that hotels had changed the form of financial compensation caused by the emergence of new laws and local regulations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of financial compensation by hotel management during the COVID-19 pandemic can be categorized into two forms: direct financial compensation (i.e., base pay, seniority pay, pay for performance, and person-focused pay). The second is indirect forms of financial compensation (i.e., legally required and discretionary benefits).
Research limitations/Implications: The hotel should continue to pay the number of dues according to the rules that apply during the COVID-19 pandemic. By providing a direct and indirect form of compensation, the hotel is expected to increase its attractiveness in terms of employee recruitment, motivation, and retention. This research only takes a case study from one hotel categorized as a three-star hotel.
Novelty/Originality of the study: This article identifies the application of the financial compensation system and how the hotel management implemented and adhered to new laws and local regulations during the COVID-19 pandemic
Prelude to Estate Planning: Helping Older Adults Simplify Their Lives Before Meeting with Professionals
Authors: Hutchings Becky , Richel Karen , Manker Gretchen , Greenway Surine , Erickson Luke
Published: June 2023

Baby boomers are retiring earlier and living longer than any previous generation. With this longevity comes a resistance to begin planning for final decision wishes. Estate planning programs are widely available, but few focus on the preparation needed prior to the actual estate planning meetings. The Simplify Your Life workshop offers a prelude to estate planning by educating participants on how to simplify their possessions and financial paperwork as well as how to initiate family conversations concerning final wishes. After attending, participants are able to consolidate important personal property and paperwork and hold positive and productive final wish conversations.
Day to Day Eats: Using an Educational Blog to Extend Nutrition Education
Authors: Beale Tyler , Kennard Chelsea , Dollahite Jamie , Paddock Joan
Published: June 2023

An educational blog was created for the purposes of extending learning beyond the reach of organized classes and supplementing the core themes of the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program. Focus group members reacted to the format, content, visual appeal, and writing style of the blog and addressed their likelihood of reading the blog because of these elements. Their overall acceptance of the blog as a relevant source of nutrition information confirms the usefulness of this mode of social media for expanding the sharing of information beyond in-person interactions.
Successful Method for Converting an Existing Woodland Stewardship Program to an Online Program
Authors: Kling Andrew , Kays Jonathan
Published: June 2023

In 2016, we debuted an online version of a long-running woodland stewardship Extension program to reach property owners unable to attend traditional workshops. In the first 2 years, 119 participants enrolled. They owned or managed 1,796 ac, and many were in an atypical age demographic. In a follow-up survey of 67 participants, 96% of respondents indicated having undertaken one or more of the targeted land care practices, and two thirds indicated having converted some lawn to natural area. Additionally, participant feedback led to several program improvements. The online course is an effective means for imparting an important stewardship ethic. Our methods and lessons learned may guide other Extension staff wishing to convert existing programming to online offerings.
Parent-Focused Childhood Obesity Intervention Improves Family Functioning and Children's Well-Being
Authors: Li Jacinda , Welsh Janet , DiNallo Jennifer , Nix Robert
Published: June 2023

An Extension-implemented parent-focused childhood obesity intervention designed to improve family functioning around healthful eating and exercise was evaluated. Thirty-six parents and their children, aged 5–13, were randomized to a 12-week intervention condition or control condition. Intervention parents, compared to control group parents, felt more confident in promoting children's healthful eating and exercise, worried less about their children's weight, and engaged in fewer counterproductive parenting behaviors. The children of these parents, as compared to children of control group parents, lost weight and displayed better social-emotional functioning. These results highlight Extension's important role in disseminating evidence-based childhood obesity interventions.
Increasing Participation of Women in Agriculture Through Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math Outreach Methods
Authors: Mitchell Gayle , Currey Robin
Published: June 2023

With a focus on the Commonwealth of Virginia, we reviewed literature and data associated with the prevalence and persistence of women's engagement in agriculture from youth-focused programs through to college and employment in order to learn which models of outreach may best attract women to and retain women in agricultural careers. We found that girls in Virginia have strong participation in early agriculture-related activities but that women constitute the minority of primary farm owners. Our systematic literature review shows that using science, technology, engineering, and math models of outreach and reframing agriculture as a career that builds communities and cares for the planet can engage more women in agriculture.
Introducing the Human Development-EcoLogic Model: A Practical Approach for Outreach and Extension Education Programs
Authors: Scheer Scott
Published: June 2023

To reach the goals of outreach and Extension programs, a program planning model is essential. A new model is presented to ensure program success; it is the human development-ecoLogic model (HD-ELM). The HD-ELM components are as follows: HD—human development characteristics and implications for target audience; E—modified ecological systems theory, or the surrounding systems that influence program participants; and LM—revised logic model (objectives, inputs, outputs, outcomes, and program assessment). Users of the HD-ELM can account for missing gaps that prevent programs from being successful by addressing the target audience's developmental characteristics and the surrounding systems in which programs exist.
Extension Needs Outreach Innovation Free from the Harms of Social Media
Authors: Swinton Jonathan
Published: June 2023

Despite the outreach-building benefits of social media for Extension, it is time for Extension professionals to find new innovative ways to reach out that do not involve social media. An increasing body of research has demonstrated the harms social media use imparts on the health and well-being of those in our communities. Our future use of social media as a primary method of outreach may perpetuate these harms, requiring our best efforts to develop new methods of outreach that do not negatively affect those we serve.
Comparative study of newly-bred black locust clones with regard to photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency: early evaluation
Authors: Ábri Tamás , Csajbók József
Published: June 2023

Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is one of the most important tree species in Hungary, due to its positive economic impacts. Research to increase its yield, improve its stem quality and enhance its drought tolerance has been ongoing since the 1960s. Of the current research works in this field, the clone trial of the Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, established in 2020 in the Nyírség region, is worth highlighting. In this experiment 4 newly-bred clones and a state-approved black locust cultivar ('Üllői') are being tested. In the summer of 2022, ‘on site’ measurements of assimilation parameters – net assimilation (An), transpiration (Tr) – were carried out using the LI-6800 portable photosynthesis system. From the data obtained, the water use efficiency (WUE) was calculated. The results of the statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis H test) have shown significant differences (p < 0.05) between the clones for all three parameters (An, Tr, WUE) tested. The NK2 clone has performed the highest value for all the parameters studied. However, no significant differences were found between clones NK2 and PL040 for Tr or between NK2 and control ('Üllői') for WUE. Studies of this kind contribute to the improvement of black locust growing through the production and selection of cultivars, which are relatively resistant to the negative effects (drought) of climate change.
DESKRIPTIF KUALITATIF ALASAN MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI FAKULTAS EKONOMI UNPATTI MEMILIH KONSENTRASI AKUNTANSI SEKTOR PUBLIK
Authors: Zalni Zalni , Fauzan Z M. Rifkhi , Putuhena Hempry
Published: June 2023

This study aims to find out the reasons students majoring in accounting at the Faculty of Economics, Pattimura University decided to choose a concentration in public sector accounting, to be precise, students in their sixth semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. This research is a type of qualitative research using an interpretive paradigm. Retrieval of data using interviews packaged in the form of Fucus Group Discussion. The results showed that the reasons for students choosing the ASP (Public Sector Accounting) concentration were due to the preparation of their final project, preferred career goals, factors of interest in Public Sector Accounting, perceptions of wider availability of employment opportunities, perceptions of ASP courses tend to be easier, as well as factors teaching lecturer. Another finding is that almost all respondents are interested in a career as a government employee, although not all stated that the reason for choosing the ASP concentration was because of this.

Keywords: Concentration, Accounting, Public, Qualitative, Interpretive