Geological and geomorphological research of mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska river: a historical aspect
Authors: Klapchuk Taras 
Published: November 2019

This article provides an overview of the scientific literature on the geological and geomorphological research of mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska River. Basic scientific works on the history of research of relief and geology of the Eastern Carpathians and materials of geological and geomorphological research in Gorgany were analysed. Three historical stages were determined; studying of the relief of the mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska River was revealed and current trends of the geomorphological researches in the present time were outlined. We determined such historical stages of research in the region: the prewar (XIX century – 1930s), the postwar (1940–1980s) and present (from 1990s). In the prewar period, detailed studies in the mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska River were not conducted. Geological studies were dominated, geological maps were compiled and the general features of the relief of the Eastern Carpathians were studied, morphological studies mostly dominated. Problems of the origin and the history of relief of some regions of the Carpathians were breached. During the postwar period, geological structure and relief of the Ukrainian Carpathians and their certain regions were studied detail. Morphostructural, morphodynamic and morphogenetic investigations were held, detailed geological and tectonic scheme of division of the region and scheme of geomorphological zoning were developed. It was connected with the functioning of geological research institutions and researches led by professionals from the Lviv and Chernivtsi universities. Comprehensive expedition for large-scale geological and geomorphological mappings and studying of a spread of modern morphodynamic processes was conducted in the mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska River. Lviv Geological Expedition in 1966–1970 and the research group of the Department of Geomorphology of Lviv University led by Professor P. Tsys and lecturer D. Stadnytskyi in 1965–1969 collected most of the factual material about the geological and geomorphological structure of the studied basin. The characteristic of morphology and genesis of relief and the first geomorphological zoning of the studied basin contained in D. Stadnytskyi’s PhD thesis “Geomorphology of Gorgany” (1963). The present stage of studying of geology and relief of mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska River is characterized by the introduction of ecological approach. Morphodynamic processes and drainage basins are investigated; engineering-geological and geomorphologicalecological analyses are performed in the Carpathian region. There are quite detail descriptions of the relief and morphodynamic processes in investigated basin, its morphostructural and morphosculptural features, history of relief development, and detail geomorphological zoning in Ya. Kravchuk’s monograph “Geomorphology of the Skyb Carpathians” (2005) and R. Slyvka's monograph “Geomorphology of the Vododil’no-Verhovynski Carpathians” (2001). At present stage, certain parts of the basin are studied for the environmental purposes, including detail geological and geomorphological researches, which are conducted in the Nature Reserve “Gorgany”. Nowadays the development of GIS-technologies and remote research methods create new opportunities and approaches for studying the relief of certain regions and its connection with nature management. Key words: historical stages, geological and geomorphological researches, Ukrainian Carpathians, basin of Bystrica Nadvirnianska River.