bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Design Sprint towards a Four-Year Curriculum in Transdisciplinary Studies
Authors: Gray Colin M. , Exter Marisa E.
Published: March 2023

In this design case, we describe our design process that resulted in recommendations for a four-year undergraduatecurriculum in transdisciplinary studies. The case is centered on a fast-paced, two-week design “sprint” undertaken by thetwo authors, which involved consolidating and synthesizing program evaluation data and course designs from the threeprevious years of a novel undergraduate transdisciplinary degree program, creating design blueprints that outlinedprogram-level objectives, and identifying recommendations for future course-level design. In the process of completingthese hand-off materials for the incoming team of instructors, we had to work through substantial ambiguity, balancing the needs of identified learner personas, the capabilities of existing instructional team members, and the end goalof producing students that had a flexible, personal transdisciplinary identity. This case describes the design activitieswe used, the instances of failure that precipitated our design sprint, the instructional and institutional constraintswe faced, the blueprints for future instructional design we created on the course and program level, and the ultimatefailure of the degree program we sought to support.
Modelo para definir índices de corrupción en convocatorias de contratación en Colombia basado en Big Data y procesamiento del lenguaje natural
Authors: Luna-Ortega Julio-César , Cobos-Lozada Carlos-Alberto , Mendoza-Becerra Martha-Eliana
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación propone un modelo macro que permite detectar diferentes probables delitos o anomalías relacionados con corrupción en los procesos de contratación pública en Colombia. Para ello, el modelo propuesto consta de cinco componentes principales: 1) servicios especializados que buscan identificar situaciones específicas de probable corrupción (se propusieron tres servicios: detección de similitud entre documentos, detección de manipulación de ofertas y detección de carteles); 2) servicios transversales que sustentan la transformación del modelo en una herramienta de software; 3) servicios adicionales que abordan situaciones generales de probable corrupción, en específico el servicio de alerta ciudadana; 4) relaciones explícitas entre servicios; y 5) salida global del modelo. En la experimentación práctica, dos de los servicios planteados en esta investigación fueron puestos a prueba en diversos escenarios. Con los resultados arrojados por algunas de las métricas clásicas del área, se determinó la calidad de la predicción obtenida por los servicios.
Indicadores de creatividad presentes en los textos escolares de ciencias naturales para la educación básica chilena
Authors: Villalobos-Clavería Alejandro , Sepúlveda-Obreque Alejandro , Díaz-Levicoy Danilo , Opazo-Salvatierra Margarita
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los indicadores de desempeño sobre la habilidad cognitiva de crear que son promovidos en las actividades educativas declaradas en los textos escolares de la asignatura de Ciencias Naturales de séptimo y octavo año de Educación Básica Chilena. El tipo de investigación fue descriptiva y, mediante varios métodos, se integraron elementos cuantitativos y cualitativos para dar respuesta al propósito del trabajo. La recolección de datos se hizo en función de un esquema de categorías apriorísticas, basada en indicadores de creatividad y sus definiciones fueron construidas a partir de la revisión bibliográfica. Los resultados muestran que, entre los indicadores de crear, los que aparecen con mayor frecuencia son: elaborar y diseñar (19,23%). También, se observan otros indicadores de crear, pero con una frecuencia menor, que oscila entre 5,26% a 15,38%. Situación que es similar en todos los textos escolares que fueron examinados. En conclusión, en los textos escolares de Ciencias Naturales, se promueven habilidades cognitivas del nivel creativo, pero la frecuencia es baja e insuficiente, para lograr que los estudiantes generen ideas, propongan soluciones y formulen propuestas.
Aşı Milliyetçiliğinden Aşı Diplomasisine: COVID-19 Pandemisinin Siyasal Anatomisi
Authors: Yanıkdağ Tülin
Published: March 2023

Aşı milliyetçiliği, devletlerin kendilerine yetecek miktarda aşıya erişemedikleri takdirde diğer devletlerin aşıya erişimini geciktirmeleri eğilimi olarak tanımlanır. Aşıya erişim konusunda gelişmiş ülkeler ile az gelişmiş ülkeler arasındaki fark dikkat çekicidir. Bu doğrultuda COVID-19 pandemisi, devletler arasındaki ekonomik eşitsizliği derinleştirdiğini belirtmek gerekir. Aşının üretildiği ilk andan itibaren, gelişmiş ülkelerin birçoğunun aşı stokladıkları görülmüştür. Daha önce yaşanan salgın durumlarında devletlerin, geliştirilen aşı, ilaç ya da tedavi yöntemi gibi olanaklara erişebilmek için aşı milliyetçiliği yaptıkları bilinmektedir. Ancak küresel boyutta bir salgın olması nedeniyle korona virüs döneminde aşı milliyetçiliği daha belirgin bir şekilde ortaya çıkmıştır. Pandemi ilanından itibaren yaşanan süreçte etkin bir rol üstlenen ve hatta zaman zaman eleştirilere hedef olan Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), aşı milliyetçiliği meselesine dikkat çekmektedir. DSÖ’nün de sıkça vurguladığı gibi aşı milliyetçiliğini önlemenin yolu, aşı dayanışmasından geçmektedir. Bunun için başvurulması gereken en etkili yöntem ise aşı diplomasisidir. Özellikle gelişmiş ülkelerin aşıya erişimi sınırlı ülkelere aşı yardımında bulunması, salgının seyri açısından son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışma, COVID-19 pandemisi ile birlikte yeniden gündeme gelen aşı milliyetçiliğini ve aşı diplomasisini ele almaktadır. Makalede aşı milliyetçiliğini önlemek için ülkeler arasında işbirliğini sağlama, dayanışmayı güçlendirme ve aşı diplomasisini harekete geçirmeye çalışan bazı devletlerin, aşının eşit dağılımı konusunda attıkları somut adımları incelenmektedir. Çalışma, küresel bir sorun karşısında ulusal kaygılarla hareket etmek, o sorunu çözümsüz bırakmak mıdır sorusuna odaklanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda pandemi döneminde aşı milliyetçiliğinin yol açtığı olumsuz tablo karşısında aşı diplomasisini güçlendirmenin önemi vurgulanacaktır.
‘Sivil’ ve ‘Demokratik’ Bir Sivil Toplum Nasıl Mümkün Olabilir?
Authors: Topçuoğlu Erdi
Published: March 2023

Sivil ve Demokratik bir sivil toplumun nasıl ve hangi koşullar altında mümkün olabileceği sorularına cevap arayan bu çalışmada sosyoloji ve siyaset biliminin üzerinde sıklıkla durduğu iki kavram hareket noktası olarak belirlenmiştir: Sivil toplum ve demokrasi. Bu iki kavramın ‘ne’ anlama geldiklerine değinmekle birlikte çalışmanın cevap ararken temel aldığı noktalar bu kavramlar çerçevesinde oluşturulan kuramlardır. İkincil kaynaklardan yararlanılarak gerçekleştirilen ve kuramsal bir tartışma olma iddiasında olan bu çalışmada önce sivil toplum kavramı açıklanmış ve sivil toplum kuramı üç ekol çerçevesinde temellendirilmiştir. Benzer şekilde demokrasi kavramı da kısaca irdelenmiş ve demokrasi kuramı iki temel çerçevede temellendirilmiştir. Dolayısıyla çalışma iki sacayağı üzerinde yükselmektedir. Sivil toplum kuramı ve demokrasi kuramları yerli yerine oturtulduktan sonra sivil toplum ve demokrasi ilişkisi araştırılmış, bu ilişki çerçevesinde sivil toplumun ve demokrasinin faziletleri ve sınırları çerçevesinde sivil ve demokratik bir toplumun nasıl mümkün olabileceği tartışılmıştır. Çalışma sivil ve demokratik bir toplumun sivil toplum kuramını oluşturan üç farklı bakışın meziyetlerinden bir arada yararlanan toplumlarda sivilliğin sağlanabileceği iddiasını taşımaktadır. Ayrıca sivil toplumun demokratikliği için liberal demokrasinin ötesinde müzakere ve katılım anlayışlarından temellenen radikal demokrasinin gerekliliğinin sivil toplumun demokratik olmasının ön koşulu olduğunu ileri sürmektedir.
İstanbul’da Elektrik Kullanımının Dönemsel Karşılaştırması (1938-1960)
Authors: Arısal Murat
Published: March 2023

Yabancı Sermayenin imtiyaz yoluyla kurup işlettiği İstanbul’un elektrik işlerini yürüten Türk Anonim Elektrik Şirketi, 31 Aralık 1937 tarihinden geçerli olmak üzere millileştirilmiştir. Elektrik işlerinin, belediye idaresinde kurulan İstanbul Elektrik Tramvay ve Tünel İşletmesinde izlediği seyir, çalışmanın ana temasını oluşturmaktadır. Elektrik Santralinin yenileme ve kapasite artırım çalışmaları, iletim ve dağıtım hatlarına yapılan yatırımlarla şebeke ağının yıllar içerisindeki gelişimi, tarife düzenlerinin değişimi ve abone sayısındaki artışlar karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. 1938-1960 yılları arasını kapsayan çalışmada, rakamların yol göstericiliğine başvurulmuş, nümerik analizler yapılmıştır. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın temel dayanağını, Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu ve İstanbul Belediyesi istatistik verileriyle, İstanbul Elektrik Tramvay ve Tünel İşletmesi Bütçe ve İşletme Neticeleri raporları oluşturmuştur. İsmet İnönü’nün Cumhurbaşkanı olduğu Tek Parti Dönemi ile çok partili siyasi hayata geçilen Demokrat Parti yıllarının elektrik kullanım performansı üzerinden karşılaştırılması çalışmanın ana hedefini oluşturmaktadır. Elektrik kullanımının sektörler arası dağılımının değerlendirilmesi, İstanbul genelinde kişi başına düşen elektrik üretim ve tüketiminin ülke genelindeki verilerle mukayesesi ve dönemsel farklılıklarının ortaya konulması, söz konusu yılların ekonomik açıdan daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlamıştır. Demokrat Parti’nin iktidarda olduğu yıllarda İstanbul’da üretilen elektriğin miktarı ve abone sayısındaki artış, Tek Parti döneminin yaklaşık üç katıdır. Şehrin nüfusunda yaşanan artış trendine rağmen 1950-1960 yılları arasında İstanbul’da kişi başına elektrik üretim ve tüketim değerlerinin, 1938-1949 yıllarına göre net olarak iki kat arttığı tespit edilmiştir.
The Administrative Cost of Appeal Systems and Error Correction
Authors: Ruiz Diaz Gonzalo
Published: March 2023

The performance of appeal systems has been frequently been conditioned by the availability of human and financial resources. Scholars have suggested measures for reducing the financial and administrative burden of appeal tribunals; however, such proposals must be assessed considering their impact on the primigenial objectives pursued by these systems, particularly their capacity to reduce the harm produced by judicial errors. This study assesses diverse options for reducing caseload burdens in an administrative appeal system, including abandoning the prohibition of the Reformatio in Peius (RIP) principle, elevating fees for appealing and introducing subsidies and penalties to defendants. The results show that increasing appeal fees may allow a similar effect on the reduction of caseload burden as abandoning no RIP but at a lower cost in terms of noncorrected errors. The results are robust to different assumptions regarding the informational signals sent by defendants to tribunals during the administrative process.
Study of High-Proficiency Chinese EFL Learners’ Strategy Applications in Constructive Feedback
Authors: Song Beibei
Published: March 2023

In cross-cultural and interlanguage pragmatics, constructive feedback (CF), defined as “the identification of a problematic action and advice on how to change or correct the problem” (Nguyen & Basturkmen, 2010, p. 125), has received little attention. To fill this gap, similarities and differences between native Chinese speakers, native American speakers, and high-proficiency Chinese EFL learners’ CF are explored in this study. In particular, how these learners’ strategy applications in CF differ from those of American and Chinese speakers is examined. Data were collected through discourse completion tests (DCTs) owing to their advantages in controlling social variables and their efficiency in eliciting rich data within a limited time (Leech, 2014). In total, 42 participants were randomly selected from three groups: 14 native Chinese speakers, 14 native American speakers, and 14 high-proficiency Chinese EFL learners. The results revealed significant differences in strategy employment in CF among the three groups, with the highest disparity elicited in hedge strategies. Here, EFL learners resembled American speakers in six of the eight hedge strategies. However, they had the same percentage in terms of compliments as the Chinese speakers. With regard to supportive moves, there were no significant differences among the three groups. As a pioneering investigation, the aim of this study is to call for further research on CF.
The expectations-reality dissonance in student teaching: a discourse analysis of one pre-service teacher’s perspective
Authors: Kaya Jean
Published: March 2023

Student teaching has been conceptualized as an experience that translates into ample teaching practice and meaningful teacher knowledge. Such a conceptualization misses issues that emerge from student teaching as social practice (i.e., the distinctive ways people engage in activities associated with a particular domain of knowledge in a specific social context). Using interview data from a larger qualitative study that investigated pre-service teachers’ learning experiences, I conducted a discourse analysis of Lany’s perspective on her student teaching experience. Unlike other student teachers, Lany perceived the social practices at her placement to be unjust, holding student teaching with contempt and wanting it shortened. Findings indicated an expectations-reality dissonance in student teaching and the reproduction of socially constructed school norms and unequal social relations between school personnel and Lany. These constrained Lany’s abilities to practice teaching and shaped her identities. The study sheds light on the need for teacher educators and other tangential agents to more actively advocate for those who are apprenticing teachers to ensure quality education.
Development of a prototype for the rubber latex industry to detect dry rubber content of fresh natural rubber latex using a novel measurement system with proton-electron transfer
Authors: Chooduang Sittidet , Taksapattanakul Korn
Published: March 2023

Rubber latex industry has been looking for techniques to rapidly estimate the dry rubber content (DRC) of rubber latex with accuracy, at a low cost, and to be used by non-technical people in the field. The basis of electrical charge in terms of proton-electron transfer (P.E.TF) was used to develop a new prototype. The prototype was created with the P.E.TF system, two electrode probe detectors, and a new code program on Arduino board. The data was collected using the P.E.TF system of fresh natural rubber latex and presented as the P.E.TF number and the percentage of dry rubber content (%DRC). The standard method (ISO126:2005(E)) was used to calculate %DRC. The comparison of the %DRC measurement using the prototype and the standard method was studied. It was found that the new code program on Arduino board could evaluate the data. In real-time, it converted the P.E.TF number into %DRC on the LCD screen. The %DRC measurement using the prototype was close to that calculated using the standard method. The correlation between the two methods is 0.9814 of Rsqr. Therefore, the novel measurement system can replace the standard method for the %DRC measurement of fresh natural rubber latex. The prototype is simple, fast to detect, small, and low-cost without operator training.
The “computational turn”: an “interdisciplinary turn”? A systematic review of text as data approaches in journalism studies
Authors: Hase Valerie , Mahl Daniela , Schäfer Mike S.
Published: March 2023

Possibilities of applying automated content analysis in journalism studies include, for example, machine learning to identify topics in journalistic coverage or measuring news diffusion via automated approaches. But how have computational methods been applied thus far? And what are consequences of the “computational turn” in communication science, especially concerning interdisciplinarity? Based on a systematic literature review, this article summarizes the use of automated content analysis in journalism studies. Results illustrate an increasing use of the method by communication scientists, as yet another indicator of methodological interdisciplinarity in communication science. However, there is little evidence of an increase in theoretical interdisciplinarity: Studies relying on computational methods do not increasingly refer to theories from other disciplines. With respect to practical interdisciplinarity, for instance collaborations, our discipline is by no means becoming more interdisciplinary. Instead, we find a shift in favor of technical disciplines. At least up to now, the “computational turn” in communication science should thus not be equated with an “interdisciplinary turn.”
Effects of Stimulus Timing on the Acquisition of an Olfactory Working Memory Task in Head-Fixed Mice
Authors: Reuschenbach Josefine , Reinert Janine K. , Fu Xiaochen , Fukunaga Izumi
Published: March 2023

Acquisition of a behavioral task is influenced by many factors. The relative timing of stimuli is such a factor and is especially relevant for tasks relying on short-term memory, like working memory paradigms, because of the constant evolution and decay of neuronal activity evoked by stimuli. Here, we assess two aspects of stimulus timing on the acquisition of an olfactory delayed nonmatch-to-sample (DNMS) task. We demonstrate that head-fixed male mice learn to perform the task more quickly when the initial training uses a shorter sample-test odor delay without detectable loss of generalizability. Unexpectedly, we observed a slower task acquisition when the odor–reward interval was shorter. The effect of early reward timing was accompanied by a shortening of reaction times and more frequent sporadic licking. Analysis of this result using a drift-diffusion model indicated that a primary consequence of early reward delivery is a lowered threshold to act, or a lower decision bound. Because an accurate performance with a lower decision bound requires greater discriminability in the sensory representations, this may underlie the slower learning rate with early reward arrival. Together, our results reflect the possible effects of stimulus timing on stimulus encoding and its consequence on the acquisition of a complex task.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study describes how head-fixed mice acquire a working memory task (olfactory delayed nonmatch-to-sample task). We simplified and optimized the stimulus timing, allowing robust and efficient training of head-fixed mice. Unexpectedly, we found that early reward timing leads to slower learning. Analysis of this data using a computational model (drift-diffusion model) revealed that the reward timing affects the behavioral threshold, or how quickly animals respond to a stimulus. But, to still be accurate with early reaction times, the sensory representation needs to become even more refined. This may explain the slower learning rate with early reward timing.
Danger Changes the Way the Brain Consolidates Neutral Information; and Does So by Interacting with Processes Involved in the Encoding of That Information
Authors: Qureshi Omar A. , Leake Jessica , Delaney Andrew J. , Killcross Simon , Westbrook R. Frederick , Holmes Nathan M.
Published: March 2023

This study examined the effect of danger on consolidation of neutral information in two regions of the rat (male and female) medial temporal lobe: the perirhinal cortex (PRh) and basolateral amygdala complex (BLA). The neutral information was the association that forms between an auditory stimulus and a visual stimulus (labeled S2 and S1) across their pairings in sensory preconditioning. We show that, when the sensory preconditioning session is followed by a shocked context exposure, the danger shifts consolidation of the S2-S1 association from the PRh to the BLA; and does so by interacting with processes involved in encoding of the S2-S1 pairings. Specifically, we show that the initial S2-S1 pairing in sensory preconditioning is encoded in the BLA and not the PRh; whereas the later S2-S1 pairings are encoded in the PRh and not the BLA. When the sensory preconditioning session is followed by a context alone exposure, the BLA-dependent trace of the early S2-S1 pairings decays and the PRh-dependent trace of the later S2-S1 pairings is consolidated in memory. However, when the sensory preconditioning session is followed by a shocked context exposure, the PRh-dependent trace of the later S2-S1 pairings is suppressed and the BLA-dependent trace of the initial S2-S1 pairing is consolidated in memory. These findings are discussed with respect to mutually inhibitory interactions between the PRh and BLA, and the way that these regions support memory in other protocols, including recognition memory in people.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe perirhinal cortex (PRh) and basolateral amygdala complex (BLA) process the pairings of neutral auditory and visual stimuli in sensory preconditioning. The involvement of each region in this processing is determined by the novelty/familiarity of the stimuli as well as events that occur immediately after the preconditioning session. Novel stimuli are represented in the BLA; however, as these stimuli are repeatedly presented without consequence, they come to be represented in the PRh. Whether the BLA- or PRh-dependent representation is consolidated in memory depends on what happens next. When nothing of significance occurs, the PRh-dependent representation is consolidated and the BLA-dependent representation decays; but when danger is encountered, the PRh-dependent representation is inhibited and the BLA-dependent representation is selected for consolidation.
The Bronx River and Environmental Justice Through the Lens of a Watershed
Authors: Finewood Michael H. , Holloman Diamond Ebanks , Luebke Michelle A. , Leach Sierra
Published: March 2023

Environmental justice (EJ) in the United States has emerged and evolved in a range of ways. Although founded in explanations of distributional justice (i.e., place and proximity), scholars and activists have expanded our understandings of environmental (in)justice through ideas about recognition, participation, capabilities, and more. In this article, we seek to complement and extend this work by exploring EJ through the lens of a watershed. We consider the case of the Bronx River watershed where environmental injustices are not only proximate, they are also created and exacerbated through upstream/downstream relationships. In other words, the Bronx is at the receiving end of upstream environmental governance, where various forms of pollution are introduced and flow downstream, contributing to already-existing injustices. This perspective suggests the importance of a multiscalar EJ approach that brings attention to the problems created when diverse municipalities share a single watershed, and resulting environmental harms are disproportionately felt by downstream communities. We argue that there is a need to expand the canon of EJ scholarship with a focus on justice in a watershed frame. We draw on both community science data and research as well as a collaboration with the Bronx River Alliance, an environmental and community organization, to emphasize the importance of public engagement in defining and solving environmental injustices.
Review on Performance Analysis of Desiccant-Assisted Hybrid Cooling Systems
Authors: Jani D.B.
Published: March 2023

Due to the growing expense of fossil fuels and other environmental issues, it is crucial to reduce the energy cost of built environment cooling systems without sacrificing indoor air quality and comfort levels. One option in this area is solid desiccant dehumidification-assisted cooling systems, which employ alternative energy sources like solar and biomass and are also environmentally beneficial by the minimal requirement of refrigerants. The present review discusses the performance analysis of different solid desiccants readily accessible on the market and their composites. Better moisture absorption and a lower regeneration temperature are qualities of a better desiccant. The review also discusses the various solid desiccant dehumidifier designs, their benefits, and their disadvantages. Solid desiccant dehumidifiers now come in various combinations, considerably enhancing system performance. The exergy efficiency of desiccant-integrated evaporative cooling is up to 21.5%, comparable with another HVAC system. A summary of the performance parameters has also been created to assess system performance further. This study will benefit innovation and advancement in solid desiccant materials in the air conditioning market.
Managing Infectious Diseases in Child Care and Schools
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: March 2023

Completely revised and updated, the new sixth edition of this award-winning quick reference guide provides the information you need to know about the prevention and management of infectious diseases in early childhood education settings, such as child care centers and schools. This edition includes pediatrician approved guidance on best practices with regard to COVID-19. Available for purchase at https://www.aap.org/managing-infectious-diseases-in-child-care-and-schools-6th-edition-paperback/
Decreasing Inappropriate Supplemental Oxygen With High-Flow Nasal Cannula for Bronchiolitis
Authors: Robinson Aimee , Winer Jeffrey C. , Bettin Kristen
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of pediatric hospitalization. Treatment focuses on supportive care including supplemental oxygen for hypoxemia. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has emerged as a modality to provide respiratory support with or without supplemental oxygen. At a freestanding children’s hospital, inappropriate supplemental oxygen was frequently used. This study aimed to decrease the proportion of patients started on supplemental oxygen without documented hypoxemia from ∼90% to <70% and the proportion of patients weaned from HFNC without supplemental oxygen to nasal cannula with supplemental oxygen from ∼23% to <10%.

Methods

A multidisciplinary taskforce was convened to develop an evidence-based protocol for HFNC usage. Data collection was obtained among patients aged <2 years admitted with bronchiolitis from September 2018 to September 2021. Institution-wide protocol changes occurred in November 2019 and October 2020, with ongoing education and evaluation. Data were summarized using statistical process control charts.

Results

Following implementation of a revised protocol in October 2020, the percentage of patients without documented hypoxemia (defined as an oxygen saturation <90% on pulse oximetry) who were inappropriately started on supplemental oxygen decreased from a baseline of 90.2% to 57.2%. At the same time, the percentage of patients weaned from HFNC without nasal cannula oxygen decreased from a baseline of 23.1% to 4.7%.

Conclusions

Using supplemental oxygen in the absence of hypoxemia in bronchiolitis is an example of low-value care. Implementation of focused, standardized protocols with concurrent education can feasibly decrease inappropriate and unnecessary use of supplemental oxygen in children with bronchiolitis.
Antibiotic resistance and biofilm forming abilities of Listeria monocytogenes and effect of subMIC concentration of white vinegar on these virulence factors
Authors: Yüksel D. , Şen E.
Published: March 2023

In the present study, antibiotic resistance profiles and biofilm forming abilities of 9 Listeria monocytogenes isolates obtained from out of 30 retail meat samples were determined, and the effect of commercial white vinegar on these virulence factors in isolates exposed to subMIC concentrations were investigated. All isolates were found to be resistant to cefotixin and oxacillin, 8 isolates (26.6%) to clindamycin, 1 isolate (3.3%) to rifampicin, and 1 (3.3%) isolate was found to show intermediate resistance against clindamycin. Biofilm formation was determined for all the isolates at 22 °C and 37 °C (24 h, 48 h and 72 h). MIC values of white vinegar samples were determined at 3.12% for all isolates. MIC/2 and MIC/4 concentrations of white vinegar increased the biofilm forming capacity of the isolates by 21.2% and 17.1%, respectively. After exposure to MIC/2 concentration of white vinegar for seven days, the antibiotic resistance status of the isolates to tetracycline, rifampicin, and clindamycin changed, and the biofilm forming abilities significantly decreased at 4 °C and 37 °C for 48 h and at 37 °C for 72 h (P < 0.05). The results showed that the use of subMIC concentrations of white vinegar should be avoided in routine sanitation applications.
First record of the genus Anatopynia Johannsen, 1905 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Slovakia, in a semi-permanent oxbow lake
Authors: Vráblová Zuzana , Kokavec Igor , Navara Tomáš , Mláka Miroslav , Hamerlík Ladislav
Published: March 2023

We present the first record of Anatopynia plumipes (Fries, 1823) from Slovakia. Larva of this species was found in a semi-permanent oxbow lake, a remnant of a plesiopotamal-type side arm of the Danube River.
Urban Growth and City Police in the Urals in the Late 19th – Early 20th Century
Authors: Sergey Ryazanov
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the research for domestic science lies in the fact that despite an in-depth study of the Ural city police institution, no synthesis papers about it still exist. The research focuses on the development of the city police institution of the Ural region, starting with the police reform in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The aim of the study is to investigate the development of police bodies in the cities of the Urals in close relationship with the processes of imperial modernization. The objectives are as follows: to consider the attempts of the central authorities to strengthen the city police in connection with the reform of 1887, which spanned from the late 80s to the early 90s; to analyze the 1906 city police reform. The base methodology is the theory of Russian modernization proposed by B.N. Mironov. The "classical" and mathematical methods of historical science were selected to carry out the study. It was concluded that the process of increasing both the bureaucratic and the lower ranks of the police had a spasmodic character, which is why it did not always correspond to the rapidly growing population. Secondly, reforms aimed at increasing the classroom composition of the police were extremely inconsistent. Thirdly, from 1887 to 1906, there was a significant increase, primarily in the lower-rank police force, which the government viewed as a support in the fight against political unrest. At the same time, individual cities had their own characteristics, so in the city of Vyatka, due to the relatively slow growth of the population, there was no increase in class ranks since 1863, and in Ufa, on the contrary, due to a particularly rapid growth of the population from 1897 to 1906, the relative number of the power ranks of police decreased even when compared with that on the eve of the 1887 reform
Historical and Cultural Dynamics of the “Genius-Place” Relations (Taking the Town of Vereschagino as an Example)
Authors: Yulia Dianova , Alexey Teterin
Published: March 2023

The article contains the results of a comprehensive study conducted by the author's team in 2020 – 2022. The investigation focuses on historical milestones of the development and current state of the cultural image of Vereshchagino ‒ a small town of Perm Krai. In the course of the study it was found out that in the difficult situation of socioeconomic development, which is typical for Vereshchagino today, the representatives of local intellectual communities have a strong desire to promote positive images of the town in the regional mass media through cultural brands. The historical figure of Vasily Vasilyevich Vereshchagin (1842 – 1904), an outstanding Russian painter and writer, stands out in this endevour. Thanks to cultural events held in the town from time to time dedicated to his creative work, it can be argued that city residents have the necessary minimum of knowledge about the history of the founding of Vereshchagino, and the personality of the Russian ascetic claims to be a ’genius’ of place. However, this positive aspect, in fact, does not act as a decisive factor in implementing the effective cultural branding strategy of the town. In the media environment of the Ural macro-region, one can find a lot of stories about the fact that historical ties do absolutely not connect ’genius’ (V.V. Vereshchagin) and ’place’ (Vereshchagino). Together, this leads to serious risks for the small town. So the risk of losing the image of a ’genius’ in a town that does not have a significant historical and cultural aura, can lead to sad consequences, in particular, negatively affect the quality of everyday local history work with children and youth. In the framework of this article, the authors bring up for discussion the prospective proposals for the development and implementation of the geocultural branding strategy for a small town aimed at creating a positive and attractive image of Vereshchagino on the basis of its historical and cultural potential. This is the purpose of this study, which is consistently disclosed through the solution of research objectives: to identify and characterize historical facts, legendary stories, testifying to the relationship of ’genius’ and ‘place’; to determine the role of the historical person V.V. Vereshchagin in the modern cultural landscape of the small town; to formulate proposals for developing and implementing the geocultural branding strategy for the town of Vereshchagino. As a methodological basis for writing the article, the provisions are used such as the concept of geocultural branding of Russian cities (D. N. Zamyatin, N. Yu. Zamyatin) as well as the conceptual views of domestic researchers on the application of historical-museum and library practices in creating and promoting urban cultural brands.
A clinical case of viral-bacterial pneumonia caused by SARS-COV-2 and Klebsiella pneumoniae, complicated by a generalized infection with developed septicemia
Authors: Romanova Lubov P. , Vorobeva Olga V.
Published: March 2023

Patient A.I., 58 years old, on September 6, 2022 was hospitalized within several hours in the infectious diseases department of the Novocheboksarskaya City Hospital of the Ministry of Health of Chuvashia. The patient in serious condition was admitted being accompanied by ambulance team, according to his son, from the night of 09/05/2022 until the afternoon of 09/06/2022 the patient complained of hectic temperature, diffuse pain in the abdominal cavity. In addition, the patient noted cough, feeling of air lack. As a result, an ambulance was called in. At admission, computed tomography revealed signs of bilateral viral interstitial pneumonia, with a lesion area of 51% and areas of consolidation. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by PCR in a nasopharyngeal swab. History: Dyscirculatory encephalopathy of degrees 12, arterial hypertension, chronic indurative pancreatitis. Objective examination: on admission the body temperature was 38.8C. SaO2 56%. Blood pressure 93/50 mm Hg. Art. Deep palpation revealed diffuse soreness and tension in the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall. The assessment of the condition on the NEWS2 scale comprised 11 points. Treatment was started, but a sudden death occurred. A clinical diagnosis was made: a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, virus verified. Competing disease: Acute parapancreatitis. Abscess of the mesentery of the small intestine. Complications of the underlying disease: Bilateral viral interstitial pneumonia. Acute respiratory distress syndrome. Septicemia (SOFA 2 points, procalcitonin = 2 ng/ml). Post-mortem sectional examination revealed signs of viral-bacterial pneumonia. In the brain pericellular and perivascular edema, heart prominent edema of the interstitium, muscle fibers fragmented, kidneys necronephrosis, pancreas periductal, interlobular and intralobular sclerosis of the pancreas, between the islets of neutrophilic infiltrates. Hyperplasia was noted in the lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue, vasculitis, signs of interstitial inflammation in the parenchymal organs were determined. According to the results of microbiological examination of lung tissue, abundant growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae was found. Conclusion. The cause of death of the patient A.I. 58 years old was a novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, which caused bilateral viral pneumonia, in parallel with bacterial microflora, complicated by acute respiratory failure. There was also a generalized spread of infection with developed septicemia and multiple organ failure (pulmonary, cerebral, renal).
Cellular and humoral immune parameters in the peripheral and local blood flow in patients with primary pelvic varicose
Authors: Darenskaya Marina A. , Semendyaev Andrey A. , Stupin Dmitry A. , Kolesnikov Sergey I. , Semenova Natalya V. , Pesterev Konstantin V. , Kolesnikova Lyubov I.
Published: March 2023

Pelviс varicose veins (PVV) in women is of extremely high relevance due to a close relationship with reproductive disorders and disease relapse. Despite on research in the field, the results of the analysis on immune reactivity in PVV are rather contradictory, and mainly relate to general mechanisms. The study of cell-mediated and humoral arms of adaptive immunity will allow us to assess an intensity and dynamics of PVV progression as well as a potential for using immune status parameters to optimize diagnosis and immunological correction. The aim of this study was to assess characteristics of cellular and humoral immunity in peripheral (ulnar) and local (ovarian) venous pools in women with mild and moderate PVV. The study involved 142 women of reproductive age (mean age 37.27.1 years) with diagnosed PVV mild (Group 1) (n = 79) and moderate (Group 2) (n = 63) forms. Data from 30 apparently healthy women (mean age 33.56.3 years) were in control group. Flow cytometry was used to identify lymphocyte subsets. The functional state of the humoral immunity was assessed by measuring concentration of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, IgM by using radial immunodiffusion in the gel. According to our data obtained, patients in group 1 had changes found only in the local blood flow such as prominent lymphocytopenia (decreased level of CD3+ and CD4+ lymphocytes). Patients in group 2 were featured with more pronounced changes: increased lymphocyte level, CD3+, CD4+/CD8+, IgA and lower levels of IgM, IgG in peripheral blood; high average leukocyte and lymphocyte count, IgA and reduced levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, IgM and IgG in the local area. It can be concluded that altered parameters in the local blood flow are of primary origin in mild PVV being characterized by disturbed cellular immune arm. Along with increasing disease severity, the host compensatory capabilities decline, which is manifested by pronounced combined immunodeficiency at the level of local blood flow less evident at peripheral level. These results may contribute to a more accurate assessment of intensity and dynamics of PVV progression to optimize diagnostics and immunological correction.
Surveillance of acute flaccidparalysis and poliomyelitison some territories of Russia and South Vietnam. Part 1. Polioviruses and paralysis
Authors: Romanenkova Natalia I. , Nguyen Thi Thanh Thao , Rozaeva Nadezhda R. , Kanaeva Olga I. , Evseeva Veronika A. , Bichurina Maina A.
Published: March 2023

The epidemiological and etiological aspects of poliomyelitis and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in Russia and Vietnam were analysed and compared. The polio-free status is maintained on 14 territories of Russia and 29 provinces of South Vietnam. The quality of epidemiological and virological surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis is in accordance with the requirements of the national and international polio surveillance systems. All AFP cases were revealed, registered, reported and investigated in both countries. The percentage of poliovirus isolation from 2492 samples collected from patients with acute flaccid paralysis and contact persons in different years in Russia ranged from 1.30.89 to 9.80.79. In South Vietnam, 2143 samples from patients with acute flaccid paralysis were investigated. In Russia and Vietnam, we isolated vaccine polioviruses of all three types with predominance of type 3 polioviruses (63% and 50%, respectively) in both countries. From AFP patients in Russia and Vietnam, polioviruses were isolated in 4.9% and 1.0% studied samples, respectively. Some VDPV strains were revealed on the territories of Russia and South Vietnam. Here, we describe five cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis registered in Russia and two cases of AFP caused by VDPV type 2 reported in Vietnam. To prevent the risk of developing vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis, it is indispensable to ensure high-quality surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis, maintain 95% polio vaccine pediatric coverage and strictly comply with sanitary legislation, including the National Vaccination Schedule when vaccinating children, to improve virological surveillance of polioviruses using classical and new virological and molecular methods and to continue research on poliomyelitis, including development of new safe and effective poliovirus vaccines able to induce both humoral and mucosal immunity. The systematic control of adequate polio vaccination is indispensable in order to prevent transmission of imported wild polioviruses into polio free countries as well as circulation of vaccine-derived polioviruses worldwide.
O CONCEITO DE SER HUMANO NA FORMAÇÃO DO EDUCADOR: UMA CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA TEORIA MARXIANA
Authors: Bomfim Luciano Sérgio Ventin
Published: March 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é desconstruir a tese de que o professor tem plena ciência da ontologia do ser humano pelo fato de o seu fazer ser orientado para a sua formação. Pois, quando se pergunta a um professor o que é o ser humano, as respostas vão desde uma frase incompleta tal como “o ser humano é ...” até respostas abstratas, metafísicas, religiosas, em senso comum, sem qualquer fundamentação que explicite uma determinada concepção do ser humano enquanto espécie. Partindo desse pressuposto não explicitado, seguem os educadores educando crianças, adolescentes, jovens e adultos em todo mundo, em um rumo, no qual os atributos humanos não são nem referências nem telos. Este artigo não pretende explicitar a totalidade dos atributos humanos, mas sim explicitar aqueles presentes no pensamento de Marx (consciência, trabalho, universalidade, sociabilidade e liberdade), fazendo a sua tradução para o campo educacional.
Qualidade do sono e percepção da qualidade de vida de estudantes de graduação em enfermagem
Authors: Moraes Bruno Fernando Moneta , Mendes Sandra Soares , Salvi Carolina Pasquini Praxedes , Martino Milva Maria Figueiredo de
Published: March 2023

Durante a graduação, os estudantes enfrentam diversas situações que, embora, promovam o crescimento pessoal, podem comprometer o bem-estar, o sono, a saúde e a qualidade de vida. Este estudo objetivou analisar a relação entre as características individuais, a qualidade do sono e a percepção da qualidade de vida de estudantes de graduação em enfermagem. Trata-se de um estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa, analítica e comparativa, desenvolvido com 187 graduandos de enfermagem numa instituição particular, na cidade de Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram um questionário de caracterização individual, o Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh e o instrumento para análise de qualidade de vida WHOQOL-Bref. Houve predomínio de mulheres, adultas, jovens, sem filhos, que trabalhavam, e que não praticavam atividade física. Trabalho, custeio dos estudos e gênero feminino associaram-se à menor duração do sono e pior qualidade de vida. A pior percepção no domínio físico da qualidade de vida esteve relacionada à pior qualidade do sono. Obteve-se qualidade de sono ruim para todos os anos do curso, duração do sono inferior a 7h por dia e queixas de sonolência diurna. Constatou-se, portanto, alterações do sono com prejuízos na qualidade de vida. Sugere-se estratégias educativas para a higiene do sono e estímulo de comportamentos promotores de saúde para melhorias na saúde geral, acadêmica e de qualidade de vida nesta população.
ANÁLISE DE IMAGENS SOBRE SOLUÇÕES EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS: UMA ABORDAGEM SEGUNDO A APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA
Authors: Trindade José Odair da , Cabral Patrícia Fernanda de Oliveira , Souza Aguinaldo Robinson de
Published: March 2023

Este estudo analisa imagens do conteúdo de Soluções em livros didáticos de Química aprovados no PNLD/2018. O objetivo é investigar se as imagens seguem os princípios da teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa proposta por Ausubel: diferenciação progressiva e reconciliação integrativa e, ainda, os níveis do conhecimento químico segundo Johnstone: macroscópico, submicroscópico e representacional. Os resultados apontam que o nível macroscópico é o mais abordado nas obras, enquanto o submicroscópico é pouco trabalhado, o que pode prejudicar a criação de modelos explicativos para a compreensão de conceitos abstratos. Ademais, observou-se que as imagens estão dispostas de maneira desarticulada, sem o estabelecimento de uma estrutura conceitual hierárquica organizada, o que acaba por ser um dificultador para que se atinja a Aprendizagem Significativa. Além disso, notou-se que em apenas uma das obras em análise os princípios da diferenciação progressiva e reconciliação integrativa são contemplados, quando o autor estabelece hierarquia conceitual e, posteriormente, retoma os conceitos para verificar semelhanças e inconsistências, tudo isso por meio da associação entre a linguagem verbal textual com a imagética.
INVESTIGATION ON HEAT TRANSFER IN CIRCULAR FINS WITH H-SHAPED CAVITY USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AND CONSTRUCTAL DESIGN
Authors: Wang Fengjuan
Published: March 2023

Through constructal design, this study examines how the geometrical configuration of channels embedded within an
object in the presence of internal heat generation can be utilized for cooling through convection heat transfer. During the present study, the cavity is cooled by the convection heat transfer method. This work aims to provide an optimal tree structure for cooling electronic components with circular dimensions and internal heat generation in an H-shaped cavity. A structure for this purpose must be designed so that the maximum temperature obtained in the desired surface area is reduced to the minimum for a given production heat power. A study will also examine the dimensions of specific channels in order to decrease the maximum temperature that will be produced. In addition, it will study the geometric characteristics of the branching of the channels and their length. The finite element method will be used to simulate the heat transfer process. Following the validation of the created model, numerous parameters will be checked on the maximum temperature generated in the system. The results will be presented and discussed in appropriate charts and tables.
THE WRIGHT STEPP WAY: FROM STEM SUMMER PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS TO COLLEGE PROFESSORS
Authors: Long III Leroy L. , Elam Bobby L.
Published: March 2023

Many pre-college programs have been created to try to increase the number of Black professionals in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. However, few studies have enabled former Black/African American male program participants to share personal narratives on the long-term benefits and burdens from such STEM interventions. We use a critical collaborative auto-ethnographic approach to highlight our journeys from being STEM summer program participants to becoming college professors in engineering and mathematics. We provide in-depth details about our past participation in Wright State University's former Science, Technology, and Engineering Preparatory Program (Wright STEPP). We discuss people inside and outside of the program who provided us with the community cultural wealth that propelled us into academic STEM roles: family, K-12 teachers, college faculty and staff, and classmates.