bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eficacia del implante coclear en la Clínica Visual y Auditiva del Instituto para Niños Ciegos y Sordos del Valle del Cauca
Authors: Perea Mafla Pedro Pablo , Rendón Campo Luis Fernando , Useche Gómez Martha Cecilia , Tejada Serna Paola , Granada Aguirre Luis Felipe
Published: May 2019

Introducción: La hipoacusia neurosensorial es un problema de especial importancia para el desarrollo intelectual y social de los niños. De su detección temprana y tratamiento oportuno depende un mejor resultado en términos de la ganancia auditiva y logros en el desarrollo del lenguaje y por tanto, en la comunicación. Se estima una incidencia de hipoacusia entre uno a tres por mil nacidos vivos. Cuando se presenta en etapas tardías o en adultos jóvenes produce grandes trastornos en la vida familiar, académica o laboral de las personas. Los implantes cocleares son ahora una alternativa terapéutica de elección en personas que no se benefician de otras ayudas auditiva o con perdida profunda de su audición. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio cuasi experimental tipo antes y después en 69 pacientes sometidos a implante coclear en el periodo 2013 a 2015 en el Instituto para niños ciegos y sordos del Valle. Todos los pacientes tenían un diagnóstico de hipoacusia de origen neurosensorial bilateral profunda. Se evaluaron, además de las variables socio demográficas, las relacionadas con audimetrías y valoraciones de lenguaje y habla realizadas por personal experto antes y después de la realización del implante. Resultados: El 51% de los pacientes recibieron el implante en etapa prelingual con una mediana de edad de tres años (rango 2 a 12) y 35 pacientes lo recibieron en etapa poslingual (mediana de edad 43 años, rango de 3 a 76). La ganancia en audición fue mayor en pacientes poslinguales pues el 88% alcanzaron un nivel cuatro que corresponde a comprensión del lenguaje hablado. En pacientes prelinguales se observó una mayor variabilidad en los resultados. Todas las diferencias en cuando a la ganancia en audición o niveles de habla fueron estadísticamente significativas. Conclusión: El implante coclear mejoró sustancialmente los niveles de audición y desarrollo del lenguaje en ambos grupos de pacientes. Los factores de mayor importancia pronostica fueron: duración de la hipoacusia, el momento de la aparición de la pérdida auditiva, el apoyo social y familiar y el tipo de rehabilitación realizado luego de la implantación.
Corporate Governance Research Opportunities in Nigeria: A National Development Issue
Authors: Obasi Rosemary O.
Published: May 2019

This paper presents a number of research opportunities in corporate governance in Nigeria. Corporate governance has come along with changes in Nigeria regulatory framework for financial reporting and corporate governance code during the recent years. The researcher identified some important areas where research can help advance our knowledge and provide relevant information for policy makers. These research areas include audit firm governance, corporate level of compliance on corporate governance; Public sector code of governance; adoption of Not-for-profit governance code by such organisations in Nigeria. The research questions that were raised are of global interest, but the Nigeria environment provides some distinctive natural experimental settings to address these questions.
Microalbuminuria among obese and non-obese individuals: a case control study
Authors: Karthikeyan G. , Nataraj M.
Published: May 2019

Background: Microalbuminuria among obesity cases reflects specific glomerular damage or is the marker of generalized endothelial cell dysfunction is still debatable. Thus, this study aimed to assess the presence of microalbuminuria among obese persons and non-obese individuals, who were euglycemic and normotensive.Methods: A case control study was conducted among patients attending outpatient department of general medicine in Govt Thiruvarur Medical College, Thiruvarur, for their illnesses from June 2017 to December 2017. A total of hundred participants with fifty obese cases and fifty non obese controls were included in this study. Detailed history and examination were done by the principal investigator and the same was documented in a proforma. Data entry was done using Microsoft excel and the statistical analysis includes odds ratio were calculated using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 17.Results: Among the study participants, 32% and 4% had microalbuminuria in obese and non-obese group, respectively. Also, obese participants were 11.29 times at higher chances of having microalbuminuria when compared to the non-obese patients with significant p value (p=0.002).Conclusions: Microalbuminuria can be used to predict the risk of complications in obese subjects in order to bring down the overall morbidity and mortality related to renal function.
Estado, democracia e lutas sociais
Authors: Ferraz Ana Targina Rodrigues , Bernardes Franciani
Published: May 2019

Editorial.
Sensitivity to Ethanol Vapour of Thin Films SnO2 Doped with Fluorine
Authors: Grushevskaya E.A. , Ibraimova S.A. , Dmitriyeva E.A. , Lebedev I.A. , Mit’ K.A. , Mukhamedshina D.M. , Fedosimova A.I. , Serikkanov A.S. , Temiraliev A.T.
Published: May 2019

Tin dioxide thin films were obtained by centrifuging. Annealing of samples was carried out in a muffle furnace at a temperature of 400 °C for 15 min, 3, 6 and 12 h. The surface resistance of the films was measured by four-force method. The sensitivity to ethanol vapour was determined by experimental setup that allows measurements in the range from room temperature to 300 °C. There is a change in the acidity of the solution with the addition of ammonium fluoride. To take into consideration this change in acidity, three batches of solutions were prepared: one example without additives, another one ‒ with the addition of ammonium fluoride and the last one ‒ with the addition of ammonium hydroxide. Films synthesized from a film-forming solution containing NH4F have less resistance than films obtained from solutions that do not contain ammonium fluoride. This confirms the presence of fluorine ions in the films as additional sources of free charge carriers. It is found that the pH-indicator of the film-forming solution does not affect the surface resistance of the synthesized SnO2 films. Annealing of fluoride doped films leads to an increase in surface resistance by two orders of magnitude, which is associated with the removal of fluorine from the films and the formation of a large number of defects. Further annealing leads to a decrease in surface resistance, which seems to be associated with a decrease in defects. It is shown that the change in the hydrogen index of the film-forming solution leads to the formation of films with a thermally stable sensitivity to ethanol vapour.
Development of Euler-Lagrangian Simulation of a Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor for Coal Gasification
Authors: Tokmurzin D. , Adair D.
Published: May 2019

A Computational Particle Fluid Dynamics (CPFD) model based on the Multiphase Particle in Cell (MP-PIC) approach is used for Shubarkol coal gasification simulation in an atmospheric circulating fluidized bed reactor. The simulation is developed on a basis of experimental data available from a biomass gasification process. The cross-section diameter of the reactor riser is 200 mm and the height is 6500 mm. The Euler-Lagrangian simulation is validated using experimental data available in the literature and also compared with an Euler-Euler simulation. The gasification reactions kinetics model is improved, and homogenous and heterogeneous chemistry are described by reduced-chemistry, with the reaction rates solved numerically using volume-averaged chemistry. The simulations reveal gas composition, temperature, and pressure interdependencies along the height of the reactor. The product gas composition compares well with the experiment and the temperature profile demonstrate good consistency with the experiment. The developed model is used for a case study of Shubarkol coal gasification in the circulating fluidized bed reactor.
Patente de invención, procedimientos para inscribir una patente en Costa Rica
Authors: Carrasquilla-Batista Arys , Chacón-Rodríguez Alfonso
Published: May 2019

Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal ser un instrumento de referencia para las personas interesadas en conocer los requisitos y procedimientos, establecidos en la legislación mundial y costarricense, para la inscripción de una patente de invención. Se dan a conocer las definiciones más importantes, así como las leyes que delimitan los criterios de patentabilidad y documentos técnicos que deben presentados. Una conclusión relevante del estudio es que en Costa Rica existe toda la normativa jurídica necesaria para poder inscribir con éxito una patente. Además, se recomienda el asesoramiento por medio de expertos para que el proceso culmine con un resolución positiva, de manera tal que la Oficina de Patentes del Registro Nacional elabore la resolución de inscripción concediendo un número de patente, se emita un aviso de inscripción y se confeccione un certificado.
Por una política educativa más allá de la colonialidad del Ser, del Saber y del Poder
Authors: Cuño Bonito Justo , Lima Jardilino José Rubens
Published: May 2019

La Revista Historia de la Educación Latinoamericana, en este número aborda el tema de las políticas para la Educación Superior en América Latina, reflexionando desde una perspectiva de la Historia de las Universidades en América y Europa, o más específicamente, en el espacio iberoamericano y se inicia con un artículo de España, en el que su autor aboga por una "nueva episteme" que venga a ventilar la institución Universitaria. Podríamos decir, que él reivindica una (re) invención de la Universidad en Iberoamérica, bajo nuevas perspectivas políticas.
Programa de estágio na empresa Alpha S/A: um estudo de caso sobre o Programa Transformar
Authors: Furtado Dutra Carlos Antonio , Camelo Sâmmya Garcia
Published: May 2019

O presente estudo tem por objetivo a análise, entendimento e efetividade do Programa Transformar da empresa Alpha S/A, programa este que desenvolve os estagiários conduzindo-os, desenvolvendo-os, por meio de aprendizagens e seus potenciais, visando cumprir os preceitos legais vigente. A empresa é responsável por atender as demandas das vagas ofertadas, preenchendo-as conforme os requisitos primordiais, neste circuito todo o processo de aprendizagem in loco é realizado. Com base nos conceitos de Gestão de Pessoas, Estágio e Treinamento e Desenvolvimento, foi possível entender melhor como se dá esse processo de estágio. Além disso, a metodologia usada permitiu uma melhor compreensão dos dados recolhidos por meio de aplicação de questionários elaborado pela autora, feitos com uma amostra de 30 estagiários de diferentes cursos. Com isso pode-se entender que o Programa Transformar de fato cumpre seu papel em desenvolver os estagiários, ainda sim apesar das dificuldades encontradas.
Cultura organizacional e práticas de qualidade de vida no trabalho: um estudo de múltiplos casos em palcos organizacionais de restaurantes do Recife - PE
Authors: Maranhão Marise Leal , Sá Maria Auxiliadora Diniz de
Published: May 2019

Embora Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho seja algo bem discutido, constata-se que são raros os trabalhos que abordam esse assunto, em restaurantes. Este trabalho tem como finalidade investigar como a cultura organizacional orienta práticas de QVT, representadas nos palcos organizacionais de restaurantes do Recife - PE. Para tanto, procedeu-se um estudo de casos, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva em dois restaurantes: um independente e outro franqueado. Os dados foram coletados por intermédio de observações diretas não participantes, entrevistas por pauta e análise documental.
Addition of Adductor Canal Block to Periarticular Injection for Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Goytizolo Enrique A. , Lin Yi , Kim David H. , Ranawat Amar S. , Westrich Geoffrey H. , Mayman David J. , Su Edwin P. , Padgett Douglas E. , Alexiades Michael M. , Soeters Rupali , Mac Phuong Dinh , Fields Kara G. , YaDeau Jacques T.
Published: May 2019

Background:

Periarticular injection is a popular method to control postoperative pain after total knee replacement. An adductor canal block is a sensory block that can also help to alleviate pain after total knee replacement. We hypothesized that the combination of adductor canal block and periarticular injection would allow patients to reach discharge criteria 0.5 day faster than with periarticular injection alone.

Methods:

This prospective trial enrolled 56 patients to receive a periarticular injection and 55 patients to receive an adductor canal block and periarticular injection. Both groups received intraoperative neuraxial anesthesia and multiple different types of pharmaceutical analgesics. The primary outcome was time to reach discharge criteria. Secondary outcomes, collected on postoperative days 1 and 2, included numeric rating scale pain scores, the PAIN OUT questionnaire, opioid consumption, and opioid-related side effects.

Results:

There was no difference in time to reach discharge criteria between the groups with and without an adductor canal block. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney odds ratio was 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55 to 1.33; p = 0.518). The median time to achieve discharge criteria (and interquartile range) was 25.8 hours (23.4 hours, 44.3 hours) in the adductor canal block and periarticular injection group compared with 26.4 hours (22.9 hours, 46.2 hours) in the periarticular injection group. Patients who received an adductor canal block and periarticular injection reported lower worst pain (difference in means, −1.4 [99% CI, −2.7 to 0]; adjusted p = 0.041) and more pain relief (difference in means, 12% [99% CI, 0% to 24%]; adjusted p = 0.048) at 24 hours after anesthesia. There was no difference in any other secondary outcome measure (e.g., opioid consumption, opioid-related side effects, numeric rating scale pain scores).

Conclusions:

The time to meet the discharge criteria was not significantly different between the groups. In the adductor canal block and periarticular injection group, the patients had lower worst pain and greater pain relief at 24 hours after anesthesia. No difference was noted in any other secondary outcome measure (e.g., opioid consumption, opioid-related side effects, numeric rating scale pain scores).

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Volar Plate Fixation Versus Plaster Immobilization in Acceptably Reduced Extra-Articular Distal Radial Fractures
Authors: Mulders Marjolein A.M. , Walenkamp Monique M.J. , van Dieren Susan , Goslings J. Carel , Schep Niels W.L. ,   on behalf of the VIPER Trial Collaborators
Published: May 2019

Background:

There is no consensus as to whether displaced extra-articular distal radial fractures should be treated operatively or nonoperatively. We compared the outcomes of open reduction and volar plate fixation with closed reduction and plaster immobilization in adults with an acceptably reduced extra-articular distal radial fracture.

Methods:

In this multicenter randomized controlled trial, patients 18 to 75 years old with an acceptably reduced extra-articular distal radial fracture were randomly assigned to open reduction and volar plate fixation or plaster immobilization. The primary outcome was function as measured with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire after 12 months. Follow-up was conducted at 1, 3, and 6 weeks and at 3, 6, and 12 months. Analyses were performed according to the intention-to-treat principle.

Results:

Ninety-two patients were randomized, 48 to open reduction and volar plate fixation and 44 to plaster immobilization; 1 patient in each group was excluded for withdrawing informed consent. At all follow-up time points, operatively treated patients had significantly better functional outcomes, as indicated by significantly lower DASH scores, than patients treated nonoperatively (all p values < 0.05). Twelve nonoperatively managed patients (28%) had fracture redisplacement within 6 weeks and underwent subsequent open reduction and internal fixation, and 6 patients (14%) had a symptomatic malunion treated with corrective osteotomy.

Conclusions:

Patients with an acceptably reduced extra-articular distal radial fracture treated with open reduction and volar plate fixation have better functional outcomes after 12 months compared with nonoperatively managed patients. Additionally, 42% of nonoperatively managed patients had a subsequent surgical procedure. Open reduction and volar plate fixation should be considered for patients who experience this common injury.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Treatment of Partial Traumatic Hemipelvectomy
Authors: He Yu , Qiu Daodi , Zhou Dongsheng , Li Lianxin , Wang Bomin , Wang Lubo
Published: May 2019

Background:

Partial traumatic hemipelvectomy (THP) is a catastrophic and life-threatening injury caused by high-energy impact. With advances in prehospital resuscitative techniques, more patients now survive this disastrous injury; however, the management of partial THP still lacks well-established therapeutic protocols. The purpose of this study was to present our experience in managing partial THP in a level-I trauma center.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 21 consecutive patients with partial THP. The key points of successful treatment are hemorrhage control, proper decision-making regarding amputation, treatment of associated injuries, and infection control. Data on patient demographics, injury characteristics, surgical management, and outcomes were recorded and analyzed.

Results:

Eight female and 13 male patients with a mean age of 31.3 years met the diagnostic criteria. The mean follow-up was 51.9 months. Of 17 surviving patients, 7 underwent primary amputation; limbs were successfully preserved in 4; and 6 patients underwent secondary amputation because of infection, organ dysfunction, and limb necrosis. Two patients died during resuscitation, and 2 patients died after amputation. Phantom limb pain, infection, and skin flap necrosis were the major postoperative complications.

Conclusions:

THP requires cooperative multidisciplinary emergency diagnosis and treatment, early surgical intervention, and definitive treatment. Rapid resuscitation, adequate hemostasis, early amputation, and repeated debridement may improve survival.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Ten-Year Outcomes of Selective Fusions for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Louer Craig , Yaszay Burt , Cross Madeline , Bartley Carrie E. , Bastrom Tracey P. , Shah Suken A. , Lonner Baron , Cahill Patrick J. , Samdani Amer , Upasani Vidyadhar V. , Newton Peter O.
Published: May 2019

Background:

Selective fusions of the structural curve remain a common treatment strategy for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, yet long-term outcomes are not well-understood. The purpose of this study was to report 10-year prospective radiographic and patient-rated outcomes of selective fusions of the main thoracic (MT) or thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) curve, with particular attention to the behavior of the uninstrumented, compensatory curve.

Methods:

A prospectively collected multicenter database was used to identify patients who had been followed regularly for least 10 years after a selective MT or TL/L fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Interval radiographs were evaluated for coronal and sagittal Cobb angles as well as overall coronal balance. Scores on the Scoliosis Research Society Questionnaire (SRS-24) were catalogued and evaluated. Radiographic outcomes and SRS-24 scores were compared between preoperative and postoperative time points using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Individual patient records were screened for recent curve progression of >5°, and these cases were methodically evaluated.

Results:

Fifty-one patients with selective fusions (21 MT and 30 TL/L) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who had been followed for at least 10 years were identified. The instrumented MT and TL/L curves were corrected by an average of 51% and 60%, respectively, at 10 years. The uninstrumented, compensatory curves had gradual spontaneous correction that approached the magnitude of the fused curve at 5 years postoperatively, with the correction maintained at 10 years. This led to excellent coronal balance. A subgroup of patients had recent progression of the primary curve adjacent to the prior fusion or within the instrumented segments, resulting in a compensatory progression of the uninstrumented curve. On the whole, SRS scores did not decrease during follow-up, and no patient had secondary operations.

Conclusions:

Selective fusion of a primary thoracic or lumbar curve in properly selected patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis will result in spontaneous correction of the uninstrumented curve and a durable result for at least 10 years.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Pengaruh Promosi Tabungan Bank Sumsel Babel Syariah Terhadap Minat Menabung Masyarakat Kota Palembang
Authors: Mawardi Mawardi
Published: May 2019

This study aims to find out how much interest in saving people in the city of Palembang, especially saving in a sharia-based regional bank, namely the Babylon Sharia Bank. This research was conducted for three months, this study used primary data by distributing questionnaires, the literature used in the form of books and journals; related, the location of the study was in the city of Palembang, the sampling technique, using random sampling techniques with a total sample of 100 respondents, data analysis using multiple linear regression.The results of this study are: Advertisements have an effect on people's saving interest, Publicity has an influence on people's saving interest, Sales promotion does not affect the interest in saving people, Personal sales also have no effect on interest in saving.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Alat Permainan Edukatif (APE) Playdough Sebagai Sumber Belajar
Authors: Sahjat Sumarni , Samad Farida
Published: May 2019

Minimnya kemampuan, kreativitas dan pengalaman guru PAUD dalam memanfaatkan alat dan bahan yang tersedia walaupun secara sederhana dalam pembelajaran di kelas merupakan salah satu alasan diadakan kegiatan Program Pengabdian Masyarakat (PPM) tentang Alat Permainan Edukatif (APE) yakni playdough di gugus PAUD Kota Ternate khususnya di gugus PAUD Ternate Tengah.  Adapun tujuan kegiatan PPM ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan/pemahaman tentang APE playdough kepada guru-guru PAUD di gugus Ternate Tengah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus, memberikan  keterampilan kepada guru PAUD tentang APE playdough sebagai salah sumber belajar di lingkungan sekolah. APE merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dalam pembelajaran anak di TK karena alat permainan tersebut akan menunjang kegiatan pembelajaran anak secara efektif dan menyenangkan serta mengembangkan berbagai potensi yang dimiliki anak  secara optimal.  Dalam pelaksanaan  kegiatan pengabdian ini guru PAUD gugus Ternate Tengah diberikan pelatihan pembuatan APE playdough berupa tanya jawab, demonstrasi ,diskusi dan evaluasi kegiatan. Luaran yang dicapai yaitu meningkatkan pengetahuan, kemampuan, pengalaman dan kreatifitas guru-guru PAUD se-gugus Kota Ternate dalam memanfaatkan playdough sederhana menjadi alat permainan edukatif (APE), terjalinnya kerjasama guru-guru PAUD terkait dan institusi Universitas dalam upaya peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran bagi anak usia dini, publikasi jurnal dan publikasi media massa.
Studi Minat Siswa dalam Mengikuti Senam PAUD Ceria di TK Bina Ana Prasa Kecamatan Benowo Surabaya
Authors: Ariyanti Mira Pradipta Ariyanti Pradipta Ariyanti
Published: May 2019

The formulation of the problem in this research is how is the interest of students in following gymnastics early childhood at TK Bina Ana Prasa Benowo Surabaya? This study aims to find out what causes student interest in following gymnastics PAUD Ceria in kindergarten Bina Ana Prasa Benowo Subdistrict Surabaya. In this research The method used is the method of observation with the type of Descriptive research. The population in this study were all students who participated in PAUD Ceria gymnastics activity which amounted to 70 people and the samples used in this study were as many as 30 people conducted in total sampling that included all individuals or members of the population into a sample. There are some problems that researchers found that affect the interest of Bina Ana Prasa kindergarten students in following the Eccentric gymnastics and the problem is categorized as follows, namely the influence of self-desire to do gymnastics PAUD Ceria with 50% percentage, encouragement and support from sports teachers with 55 percentage %, and the desire to do gymnastics PAUD Cheers for a friend with a percentage of 20%, as well as eager to follow PAUD Ceria gymnastics out of school with a percentage of 60%.
ANALISIS QoS (Quality of Service) JARINGAN UNBK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MICROTIC ROUTER (Studi Kasus : Jaringan UNBK SMAN 1 Jakenan Pati)
Authors: Nindyasari Ratih , Murti Alif Catur , Ghozali Muhammad Imam
Published: May 2019

Kebutuhan akan ketersediannya layanan jaringan yang cepat, kestabilan jaringan, dan kesesuaian dengan teknologi yang digunakan menjadi kebutuhan primer bagi masyarakat. Penggunaan teknologi pada zaman sekarang sudah menyentuh semua aspek kehidupan. Aspek pendidikan merupakan salah satu yang terkena dampak dari perkembangan teknologi, khususnya internet. Bentuk nyata dari dampak yang muncul adalah Prosedur Operasional Standar (POS) yang dikeluarkan Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (BNSP) di tahun 2017 untuk diadakannya Ujian Nasional Berbasis Komputer (UNBK). Kondisi tersebut membuat beberapa sekolah yang menjadi percontohan mempersiapkan diri dengan mulai membangun ruang ujian yang didesain dengan perangkat komputer dan jaringan internet. Penambahan router pada node awal dan menggunakan manajemen switch mengakibatkan adanya perbedaan dalam pengujian QoS. Dengan adanya penambahan router pada topologi jaringan UNBK ini menjadikan tidak adanya packet loss ketika dilakukan pengujian seperti pada desain topologi jaringan tanpa menggunakan router. Penggunaan server lokal dalam setiap lab memungkinan untuk membackup server yang ada di lab lain ketika terjadi kondisi server down. Sehingga desain topologi jaringan dengan menggunakan router ini dapat diimplementasikan dalam jaringan UNBK pada SMAN 1 Jakenan Pati.

 

Kata kunci : Topologi Jaringan, Quality of Service, UNBK, Router Mikrotik, Packet Loss.
Efficacy and safety of Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) Phosphate on Pulmonary Hypertension: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Jian , Chen Yuqin , He Wenjun , Ouyang Haiping , Liu Chunli , Hong Cheng , Wang Tao , Yang Kai , Lu Wenju
Published: May 2019

Background: Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), an active ingredient in the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Rhizoma Chuanxiong, has been used clinically for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. The benefits of TMP are largely attributed to its anti-oxidative and vasodilative properties. However, the efficacy of TMP in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is unknown. We hypothesized that TMP may have a therapeutic effect in patients with PH.Methods:A randomized, single-blinded, clinical study with a TMP treatment group and a control group will be conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TMP intervention in patients with PH. The recruitment target is 120 subjects meeting the following criteria: (i) At rest and at sea level, mean pulmonary artery pressure above 20 mmHg and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure below 15 mmHg; (ii) Type 1 or 4 PH in the stable phase; (iii) age 15–70 years; (iv) 6-minute walk distance between 100 and 450 meters; (v) lung function at level II, III, or IV according to WHO classification. Subjects will be assigned randomly into two groups at a ratio of 1:2 (control:TMP). Both groups will receive routine treatment, and the treatment group will also receive oral TMP (100 mg) three times a day for 16 weeks. All patients will be followed up for 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks, and symptoms and patient compliance will be recorded.Discussion:We aim to determine the efficacy and safety of TMP for the treatment of PH.Study registration:ChiCTR1800018664, http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=31565&htm=4 (registered on 2 October 2018).
Pyogenic Vertebral Osteomyelitis in Adults: Ten-year Experience in Two Italian Hospitals
Authors: Zoboli Fabio , Ripamonti Diego , Carretta Anna , Bombana Enrico , Ravasio Veronica , Santantonio Teresa Antonia , Rizzi Marco
Published: May 2019

Background: The incidence of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO) is increasing, but optimal diagnostic strategy and medical management remain controversial.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of PVO in two Italian hospitals, including all the adults admitted from January 2007 to December 2016. PVO was defined probable or definite according to clinical, radiological and microbiological criteria. The main exposures of interest were investigation strategy and antibiotic treatment. The outcome measures were cure rate, mortality during index admission and recurrence rate.

Results: Most cases were diagnosed with MRI. Biopsy was performed in 47% of patients and was successful only in 49% of them. The microbiological diagnosis (mostly Gram-positive agents) was obtained in 111 patients (62%). Treatment duration did not differ between patients with definite or probable diagnosis (108 and 112 days, respectively). Among the 100 patients (56%) with at least 1-year follow-up, the cure rate, the failure rate and the mortality were 88%, 12% and 3%, respectively. Relapses were uncommon (4%) among patients who completed the follow-up. Among the patients who recovered completely, 47 (59%) had a microbiological diagnosis. Among the 111 patients with a definite diagnosis and 68 with a probable diagnosis, 42% and 49% achieved a full recovery, respectively.

Conclusions: Despite influencing the antibiotic selection, the etiological diagnosis did not impact the cure rate and/or duration of treatment. Some open questions remain with regard to the optimal starting regimen, the duration of treatment and the time to switch to oral therapy.
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and risk factor analysis in Changsha, central China, about population undergoing routine check-up, 2013–2015
Authors: Liu Shaohui , Zeng Chang , Kang Xintong , Tan Ying , Zhou Wei , xiao meifang
Published: May 2019

Background

Currently, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a major public health problem. The aim of current study wanted to determine the prevalence of HCV virus infections, and to explore the risk factors for HCV infection in the general adult population undergoing routine check-ups in Changsha City.

Methods

We collected 59688 blood samples from the adult population undergoing routine check-ups in 2013–2015 and obtained relevant information using a standardized questionnaire. We then conducted association and logistic regression analyses. We used the enzyme immunoassay method to test for anti-HCV antibodies in the serum samples.

Results

The positivity rate of anti-HCV was about 0.57% (340/59688) in the general population. Participants from rural areas showed significantly higher HCV seroprevalence rates than did those from the urban area (0.83% vs 0.19%, p < 0.001). HCV seropositivity increased progressively with age, peaking at 55–64 years (1.23%), and decreasing in participants aged 65 and older. The positivity rate of anti-HCV for males was slightly higher than that of females (0.67% vs 0.48%, p = 0.002). The results of multiple logistic regression showed that history of blood transfusion, surgery, living in rural areas, and transmission in families were the main risk factors for HCV infection. Conclusions: The prevalence of HCV infection is low in the general population in Changsha. This information vital for healthcare settings and health education entities in public, especially in rural areas.
Integrating Cultural Practices with Herbicides Augments Weed Management in Flax
Authors: Kurtenbach Moria E. , Johnson Eric N. , Gulden Robert H. , Duguid Scott , Dyck Miles F. , Willenborg Christian J.
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas

Current weed management strategies in flax are limited.

A multi‐factor weed management system is needed to control herbicide‐resistant weeds.

Combining several factors has a greater impact on crop‐weed competition than any factor alone.

The best combination is a competitive cultivar, seed early, high seeding rate, and use an in‐crop herbicide.

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an important crop with value in both food and industrial markets. However, flax competes poorly with weeds and as a result, flax yield can be severely inhibited by weed competition. Factors that favor crop competitive ability will have great value in improving weed management in flax. This research sought to identify different combinations of seeding date (early vs. late May), seeding rate (400 vs. 800 seeds m−2), cultivar height (short vs. tall), and herbicide (present vs. absent) that could improve the competitive ability of flax. Field studies were conducted across western Canada over 3 yr from 2014 to 2016. Results showed that seeding a tall cultivar at a high seeding rate in early May combined with an in‐crop herbicide application increased crop establishment by 210 plants m−2. This in turn increased aboveground crop biomass and seed yield by as much as 549 and 617 kg ha−1, respectively. This combination of factors significantly reduced aboveground weed biomass by 50 kg ha−1, although no single factor or combination of factors affected weed seed fecundity. By seeding competitive flax cultivars at higher rates earlier in the growing season, and by combining this with an in‐crop herbicide, producers can develop sound cropping systems that provide more competitive flax crops and another profitable cropping option.
Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Medium pH to Enhance Alkaloid Production from Catharanthus roseus Cell Suspension Culture
Authors: MİSHRA Malay Ranjan Mishra , SRİVASTAVA Rajesh Kumar , AKHTAR Nasim
Published: May 2019

Several elevated levels of nitrogen and phosphate at varying pH of the medium which impart a major influence on callus and biomass development and subsequent production of alkaloids was investigated using suspension culture system of Catharanthus roseus in the present study. The B5 medium was buffered at pH 4.51, 5.82 and 7.32 by addition of different levels of (A) diammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)2HPO4 and (B) ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate (NH4H2PO4) representing the enhanced and varied supply of total nitrogen (NH4++NO3ˉ) and phosphate compared to MS medium (as control) for cell biomass production and alkaloid yield. The pH of the medium have shown significant effects with maximum biomass fresh wt., dry wt. and total alkaloid yield at 5.82 medium pH with elevated phosphate levels and total nitrogen concentration of 3710.10 mg/L compared to control MS medium with 2850 mg/L total nitrogen. At 3667.33 and 3752.48 mg/L of total nitrogen with enhanced phosphate supply showed reduced biomass fresh wt., dry wt. and total alkaloid yield at lower (4.51) and higher (7.32) medium pH respectively. Inclusion of 200 mg/L of tryptophan or phenylalanine as reduced nitrogen source in B5 medium buffered at 5.82 ± 0.2 pH showed enhanced biomass and alkaloid production. Hence, addition of nitrogen, phosphate, tryptophan, phenylalanine as nutrient in suspension culture stimulate their uptake to enhance cell biomass and total alkaloids production but as a function of pH of the medium.
Relaciones parentofiliales en la infancia. Prevención del comportamiento suicida
Authors: Medina Tabares Mónica , Rúa Villa Salomé , Vasco Rendón Stefanny
Published: May 2019

El presente artículo pretende indagar las relaciones parentofiliales en la infancia, y cómo estas contribuyen a la prevención del comportamiento suicida; para esto se utilizó la metodología cualitativa de tipo hermenéutico, bajo la estrategia de revisión documental. Se encontraron importantes resultados en cuanto a la familia como primera experiencia vital, siendo esta el lugar donde se tejen los primeros vínculos afectivos y se facilita el desarrollo integral de sus miembros, mediante relaciones de confianza, control, afecto y comunicación. Se logró reconocer el suicidio como una problemática vincular, ya que dicho comportamiento no está sólo asociado a factores individuales o personales, sino también a aspectos familiares, sociales, ambientales y relacionales; así mismo, se identificaron factores de riesgo asociados a dicho comportamiento; y, por último, se realizó un acercamiento a los factores protectores, que están presentes en las esferas individual, moral, comunitaria, institucional y familiar.
La industria extractiva y los derechos humanos en el posconflicto colombiano
Authors: Feo Valero Jordi
Published: May 2019

El presente artículo forma parte de una serie que analiza el fenómeno de la extracción de recursos naturales en el marco del posconflicto en Colombia. En concreto, se pretende dilucidar el desempeño de la industria extractiva desde el prisma de los derechos humanos y la protección de las mujeres indígenas; con lo cual se introduce la cuestión y analiza la situación que se ha producido en esos territorios a lo largo del conflicto colombiano y tras la firma de los acuerdos de paz. Se pone de relieve la importancia del rol de la mujer, así como el papel de esta industria en relación con la vulneración de los derechos humanos de las comunidades indígenas y de sus derechos reconocidos por el derecho internacional. El artículo es un resultado del proyecto de investigación de Proiect Coordinator en la Clinique de Droits de la Personne / Human Rights Clinic CREDP/HRREC, Université d’ Ottawa / University of Ottawa, Canadá, en el cual se utilizó el método de análisis jurisprudencial y doctrinal; además se aplicó la metodología cualitativa, a través de la revisión documental, que permitió evaluar y presentar resultados.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE PARÂMETROS NA MODELAGEM DINÂMICA DE CABOS
Authors: Menezes Guilherme Moraes , Cicero Pinheiro Gomes Sebastião , Irigon Gervini Vitor
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo aborda a identificação paramétrica em modelos dinâmicos de  estruturas flexíveis do tipo cabo. A modelagem dinâmica é feita a partir de um formalismo discreto, no qual se considera a flexibilidade contínua do cabo como aproximada por uma equivalente discreta, considerando-se elos rígidos conectados por articulações fictícias elásticas. Considera-se o cabo se movimentando no plano vertical. Foram desenvolvidos algoritmos para gerar o modelo dinâmico do cabo de forma automática, para um número qualquer de elos rígidos considerados na aproximação discreta. Como ainda não se dispõe de resultados experimentais, considerou-se um modelo dinâmico com sessenta elos como alvo, representando o resultado experimental. Um outro modelo com doze elos deveria ter os parâmetros identificados de forma a que os resultados de simulação tenham erros mínimos com relação aos resultados com o modelo de sessenta elos. Utilizou-se o método Nelder–Mead Simplex para a minimização dos erros e a consequente identificação dos parâmetros das matrizes de rigidez e de atrito uma vez que os demais parâmetros referentes às massas e ao comprimento dos elos são facilmente mensuráveis. Os resultados foram considerados bons, de forma que a estrutura proposta de identificação de parâmetros foi validada e está pronta para ser utilizada experimentalmente.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS MODELOS DE DUAS ZONAS PARA COMPARTIMENTOS EM SITUAÇÃO DE INCÊNDIO
Authors: Ravanello Mokwa Lucas , Katiuscia Lemmertz Calisa , Roman Centeno Felipe
Published: May 2019

A predição das temperaturas encontradas em compartimentos em situação de incêndio é de fundamental importância para o projeto de sistemas de prevenção e controle deste fenômeno. Modelos de zonas permitem a rápida obtenção de estimativas da temperatura dos gases quentes provenientes da combustão, se baseando na hipótese de que há a presença de duas camadas com temperaturas e composições químicas relativamente homogêneas no compartimento. No presente estudo o modelo computacional Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) foi utilizado para avaliar a validade destes modelos em compartimentos com razões geométricas variadas, com o objetivo de verificar os resultados nos casos aonde a geometria do compartimento se aproxima do limite recomendado. Verificou-se que, mesmo em casos onde a utilização do modelo seria aceitável, é possível encontrar diferenças consideráveis entre a temperatura média da camada de gases quentes e a temperatura efetivamente encontrada no topo do compartimento. Também foi observado que esta diferença de temperatura aumenta juntamente da razão entre comprimento e largura (L/H). A temperatura da camada quente obtida através do modelo computacional também foi comparada à obtida pelo modelo de zonas CFAST e pela correlação de McCaffrey, Quintiere e Harkleroad. Apesar de haver concordância aceitável entre os valores calculados, os modelos de zonas não possuem a capacidade de representar adequadamente a situação de incêndio para os casos estudados.
MID TERM SIMULATION OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT TRANSPORT AND BED EVOLUTION FOR THE PATOS LAGOON ESTUARY
Authors: Martelo André Felipe , Marques Wiliam Correa , Moller Jr. Osmar Olinto
Published: May 2019

Worldwide harbors are settled inside estuarine areas due the protection function of these environments against oceanic waves and therefore are subjected to the hydrodynamic processes that provide morphodynamic changes in sediment distribution and bed evolution. Understanding the dynamic of sediments and the bed evolution at estuaries is of crucial importance on maintenance of fairways and harbor docks. We modeled using the finite element technique 1005 days of hydro and morphodynamic of the Patos Lagoon estuary, in order to identify the critical deposition areas inside the Rio grande harbor fairway. Therefore, a hydrodynamic model, TELEMAC 3D, and a morphodynamic, Sisyphe, were applied in order to acquire the bed evolution and sediment distribution of the area using different data sources for the oceanic, atmospherical and continental boundary conditions. The results, present that clay is being deposited at deeper parts of the channel. Bed evolution results indicate siltation/erosion process where silt/clay is being deposited. Sedimentation rates were calculated based on the bed evolution results as well. The validation procedure showed good representation by the models of the physical aspects of the environment.
EMPRESAS FAMILIARES: UM ESTUDO SOBRE SUCESSÃO E CONTINUIDADE
Authors: Piccoli Elias Rubens , Matte Juliana , Chais Cassiane , Ganzer Paula Patricia , Miri Daniel Hank , Olea Pelayo Munhoz
Published: May 2019

O artigo teve como objetivo analisar qual a expectativa dos gestores e sucessores de empresas familiares com relação ao processo de sucessão e a continuidade do negócio na cidade de Caxias do Sul/RS. O estudo teve abordagem qualitativa, o qual foram utilizadas entrevistas com gestores e sucessores de empresas familiares, analisadas através da análise de conteúdo com auxílio de software. Os resultados mostram que, para os sucessores, será um desafio comandar a empresa da família, porém o preparo, desde cedo, e a vontade de dar continuidade ao negócio ajudará na obtenção dos resultados esperados pelos sucedidos. Verificou-se que a sucessão vem sendo planejada com auxílio de consultores, mesmo se tratando de microempresas, e que empresas familiares acabam sendo descontinuadas por motivos como conflitos internos entre familiares, resistência por parte dos atuais gestores, além do desinteresse dos herdeiros.
OS DESAFIOS DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO NO PODER JUDICIÁRIO DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS
Authors: Freitas Simone Lins Oliveira , Bontempo Paulo Cesar
Published: May 2019

Este artigo tem como principal objeto conhecer os desafios existentes na fase de implementação do planejamento estratégico no Poder Judiciário do Estado de Goiás. Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa e quantitativa, operacionalizada por meio de um estudo de caso no âmbito do Poder Judiciário goiano. Os dados foram coletados por meio de realização de entrevistas e aplicação de questionários com os servidores da organização. Como resultado da análise, foram identificados nove desafios existentes durante a fase de implementação do planejamento estratégico no Poder Judiciário do Estado de Goiás. Constatou-se que é preciso realizar ajustes na forma como as metas da organização são implementadas, no sentido de aprimorar o processo de execução e superar a resistência dos servidores no cumprimento dos objetivos estabelecidos.
La conciencia tributaria en el proceso de recaudación de impuestos en Santa Elena
Authors: Estévez-Torres Zoe Elisabeth , Rocafuerte-González Juan Eduardo
Published: May 2019

La recaudación tributaria en la provincia de Santa Elena ha tenido un incremento paulatino durante los últimos años debido a una adecuada administración de la gestión de cobro por parte del ente controlador (Servicio de Rentas Internas) y a las reformas implementadas en los últimos tiempos; sin embargo, el monto recaudado por las sanciones aplicadas mantuvo una tendencia al aumento. Adicionalmente, se encuentra el nivel de preparación de la ciudadanía en materia tributaria, lo que promueve un análisis de las acciones de instrucción que han sido ofrecidas por el Servicio de Rentas Internas (SRI) y conlleva a aseverar que la capacitación tributaria no llega al ciudadano común debido a que las capacitaciones in situ se realizan en los principales cantones de las provincias de Ecuador. La investigación analiza la incidencia de la conciencia tributaria en la recaudación de los impuestos de la provincia de Santa Elena a partir de una metodología cualitativa con enfoque exploratorio-descriptivo y propone una guía metodológica para crear formadores en materia de tributación en asociación con gremios de la localidad como estrategia para lograr un mejoramiento en la toma de decisiones, contribuyendo a la formación y al desarrollo de la conciencia tributaria ciudadana en esta comunidad.