bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 pandemic: Insights into genetic susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and host genes implications on virus spread, disease severity and outcomes
Authors: Dastar Saba , Gharesouran Jalal , Mortazavi Deniz , Hosseinzadeh Hassan , Kian Seyed Jalal , Taheri Mohammad , Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh , Jamali Elena , Rezazadeh Maryam
Published: November 2021

The outbreak of the newly emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) all over the world has caused global public health emergencies, international concern and economic crises. The systemic SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) can lead to death through causing unrestrained cytokines-storm and subsequent pulmonary shutdown among the elderly and patients with pre-existing comorbidities. Additionally, in comparison with poor nations without primary health care services, in developed countries with advanced healthcare system we can witness higher number of infections per one million people. In this review, we summarize the latest studies on genes associated with SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and propose possible mechanisms of the virus replication cycle and its triggered signaling pathways to encourage researchers to investigate genetic and immune profiles of the disease and try strategies for its treatment. Our review shows that immune response in people with different genetic background might vary as African and then Asian populations have lowest number of affected cases compared with European and American nations. Considering SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, we put forward some potentially important genetic gateways to COVID-19 infection including genes involved in the entry and replication of SARS-CoV-2 and the regulation of host immune response which might represent explanation for its spread, severity, and morality. Finally, we suggest that genetic alterations within these gateways could be critical factors in influencing geographical discrepancies of the virus, so it is essential to fully study them and design appropriated and reliable therapeutic agents against COVID-19.
Transcript levels of cytokine coding genes in peripheral blood and tissues of patients with periodontitis
Authors: Taheri Mohammad , Gholami Leila , Nicknafs Fwad , Hussen Bashdar Mahmud , Arsang-Jang Shahram , Sayad Arezou , Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh
Published: November 2021

Periodontal diseases are common conditions in almost all age groups and a public health problem. Numerous risk factors have been demonstrated for this condition. The main mechanism of tissue destruction in the periodontitis is the functional interactions between microbial pathogens and host immune responses, thus cytokines have crucial roles in the pathogenesis periodontitis. Our previous study has demonstrated the susceptibility role of HLA-DRB1*04 allele in development of this disease. So, the individuals who were positive for HLA-DRB1*04 allele were excluded. We aimed to appraise the function of cytokines in the pathogenesis of periodontitis via assessment of tissue and blood levels of a number of cytokine coding genes, namely IL-1B, CXCL8, IL-17, IFNG, TGFB and TNFA1. Expressions of IFNG, IL-17, TGFB and TNFA1 were significantly higher in the peripheral blood of individuals with periodontitis compared with unaffected persons (Posterior beta = 1.91, P value = 0.043; Posterior beta = 1.84, P value = 0.033; Posterior beta = 0.713, P value = 0.009 and Posterior beta = 2.85, P value = 0.001, respectively). Moreover, expression of IL-17 was higher in females compared with males (Posterior beta = 1.47, P value = 0.036). As the interaction effect between gender and group was remarkable for IL-17 expression, we further conducted subgroup analysis within gender group. Expression of IL-17 was higher in male patients compared with unaffected males (Posterior beta = 1.9, P value = 0.048). We did not detect any significant difference in the expression of these cytokines in tissues obtained from affected individuals and unaffected controls. Therefore, our results imply dysregulation of cytokine coding genes in patients with periodontitis and warrant further mechanistical studies.
Towards data warehouse from open data: Case of COVID-19
Authors: Bouaziz Senda , Nabli Ahlem , Gargouri Faiez
Published: November 2021

Since December 2019, we have detected the appearance of a new virus called COVID-19, which has spread, throughout the world. Everyone today, has given major importance to this new virus. Although we have little knowledge of the disease, doctors and specialists make decisions every day that have a significant impact on public health. There are many and various open data in this context, which are scattered and distributed. For this, we need to capitalize all the information in a data warehouse. For that, in this paper, we propose an approach to create a data warehouse from open data specifically from COVID-19 data. We start with the identification of the relevant sources from the various open data. Then, we collect the pertinent data. After that, we identify the multidimensional concepts used to design the data warehouse schema related to COVID-19 data. Finally, we transform our data warehouse to logical model and create our NoSQL data warehouse with Talend Open Studio for Big Data (TOS_BD).
Heuristic ensemble for unsupervised detection of multiple types of concept drift in data stream classification
Authors: Hu Hanqing , Kantardzic Mehmed
Published: November 2021

Real-world data stream classification often deals with multiple types of concept drift, categorized by change characteristics such as speed, distribution, and severity. When labels are unavailable, traditional concept drift detection algorithms, used in stream classification frameworks, are often focused on only one type of concept drift. To overcome the limitations of traditional detection algorithms, this study proposed a Heuristic Ensemble Framework for Drift Detection (HEFDD). HEFDD aims to detect all types of concept drift by employing an ensemble of selected concept drift detection algorithms, each capable of detecting at least one type of concept drift. Experimental results show HEFDD provides significant improvement based on the z-score test when comparing detection accuracy with state-of-the-art individual algorithms. At the same time, HEFDD is able to reduce false alarms generated by individual concept drift detection algorithms.
Diagnosing Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Racially Diverse Older Adults: Comparison of Consensus, Actuarial, and Statistical Methods
Authors: Devlin Kathryn N. , Brennan Laura , Saad Laura , Giovannetti Tania , Hamilton Roy H. , Wolk David A. , Xie Sharon X. , Mechanic-Hamilton Dawn
Published: November 2021

Background: Actuarial and statistical methods have been proposed as alternatives to conventional methods of diagnosing mild cognitive impairment (MCI), with the aim of enhancing diagnostic and prognostic validity, but have not been compared in racially diverse samples. Objective: We compared the agreement of consensus, actuarial, and statistical MCI diagnostic methods, and their relationship to race and prognostic indicators, among diverse older adults. Methods: Participants (N = 354; M age = 71; 68% White, 29% Black) were diagnosed with MCI or normal cognition (NC) according to clinical consensus, actuarial neuropsychological criteria (Jak/Bondi), and latent class analysis (LCA). We examined associations with race/ethnicity, longitudinal cognitive and functional change, and incident dementia. Results: MCI rates by consensus, actuarial criteria, and LCA were 44%, 53%, and 41%, respectively. LCA identified three MCI subtypes (memory; memory/language; memory/executive) and two NC classes (low normal; high normal). Diagnostic agreement was substantial, but agreement of the actuarial method with consensus and LCA was weaker than the agreement between consensus and LCA. Among cases classified as MCI by actuarial criteria only, Black participants were over-represented, and outcomes were generally similar to those of NC participants. Consensus diagnoses best predicted longitudinal outcomes overall, whereas actuarial diagnoses best predicted longitudinal functional change among Black participants. Conclusion: Consensus diagnoses optimize specificity in predicting dementia, but among Black older adults, actuarial diagnoses may be more sensitive to early signs of decline. Results highlight the need for cross-cultural validity in MCI diagnosis and should be explored in community- and population-based samples.
Decoupling control of a bearingless switched reluctance motor with hybrid-rotor
Authors: Liu Zeyuan , Chen Mei , Liang Zhi
Published: November 2021

In order to solve the coupling between torque and suspended force of the traditional bearingless switched reluctance motor (BSRM), a bearingless switched reluctance motor with hybrid-rotor (HBSRM) is proposed in this paper. The HBSRM discussed in the paper has a twelve-pole stator and an eight-pole hybrid-rotor composed of a cylindrical rotor and a salient rotor. The magnetic pulling force between cylindrical rotor and stator is used to independently levitate the shaft, and that between salient rotor and stator is used to separately rotate the rotor. So, the HBSRM not only breaks the restriction of the effective output region between torque and suspended force in the traditional BSRM, but also facilitates the decoupling algorithm design and simplifies the levitation control of this bearingless motor. Firstly, the topology, operating mechanism and mathematical model of the proposed HBSRM are introduced respectively. Then the no-load decoupling control and torque ripple of the traditional BSRM and HBSRM are compared. Moreover, the load decoupling control characteristics of HBSRM are presented and verified by simulation analysis.
Health status evaluation method of CNC machine tools based on grey clustering analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation
Authors: Huang Xiaoqing , Wang Zhilong , Liu Shihao
Published: November 2021

In order to solve the problem of health evaluation of CNC machine tools, an evaluation method based on grey clustering analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was proposed. The health status grade of in-service CNC machine tools was divided, and the performance indicator system of CNC machine tools was constructed. On the above basis, the relative importance of each performance and its indicators were combined, and grey clustering analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was utilized to evaluate the health status of in-service CNC machine tools to determine their health grade. The proposed health status evaluation method was applied to evaluate the health level of an in-service gantry CNC machine that can be used for the machining propellers, and the results shown that the health status of the whole gantry CNC machine tool is healthy. The proposed evaluation method provides useful references for further in-depth research on the health status analysis and optimization of CNC machine tools.
The impact of employment on quality of life for adults with brain injury
Authors: Ditchman Nicole , Thomas Julia A. , Johnson Kristina , Haak Christopher , Rafajko Sean
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Employment is associated with greater quality of life (QOL) for people with disabilities. Yet, for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), the benefits of work are not often realized given high rates of unemployment. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the unique impact of psychosocial variables and employment status (working vs. not working) on self-reported QOL among adults with TBI. METHODS: Participants included 116 adults with TBI between the ages of 18-65, recruited through state brain injury associations in the United States to complete an anonymous online survey. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the incremental impact of psychosocial variables (sense of community, social support, social network, and problem-solving confidence) and employment status on QOL controlling for age and symptom severity. RESULTS: In the final model, employment status, informal and formal support network ties, problem-solving confidence, sense of community, and emotional support explained 59% of the variance in QOL, which is considered a large effect size. Employment status uniquely explained 5% of the variance in QOL. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the positive benefits of work for adults with TBI. Rehabilitation services that emphasize vocational considerations and employment supports are needed to impact work status and ultimately QOL for individuals with TBI.
Hand function development of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A scoping review
Authors: McCall James V. , Ludovice Miranda C. , Elliott Catherine , Kamper Derek G.
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE: Hemiplegic cerebral palsy (hCP) typically impacts sensorimotor control of the hand, but comprehensive assessments of the hands of children with hCP are relatively rare. This scoping review summarizes the development of hand function for children with hCP. METHODS: This scoping review focused on the development of hand function in children with hCP. Electronic databases (PubMed, PEDro, Web of Science, CINAHL, and SpringerLink) were searched to identify studies assessing hand function in children with hCP. The search was performed using keywords (e.g., “hemiplegia”). An iterative approach verified by two authors was used to select the studies. Articles which reported quantitative data for children with hCP on any items of a specified set of hand evaluations were included. Measures were sorted into three categories: quantitative neuromechanics, clinical assessments, and clinical functional evaluations. RESULTS: Initial searches returned 1536 articles, 131 of which were included in the final review. Trends between assessment scores and age were examined for both hands. CONCLUSION: While several studies have evaluated hand function in children with hCP, the majority relied on clinical scales, assessments, or qualitative descriptions. Further assessments of kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activation patterns are needed to identify the underlying impairment mechanisms that should be targeted for treatment.
Urodynamic utilization in the adult spina bifida patient: An institutional review
Authors: Wilson Shenelle N. , Kongnyuy Michael , Joseph David B. , Wilson Tracey S.
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE: To characterize common clinical indications for urodynamic, a bladder function test, in adults with spina bifida. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed for 215 patients seen in an adult multidisciplinary spina bifida clinic who were registered with the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry from October 2011 to October 2018. Descriptive statistics were used for statistical comparisons. RESULTS: A total of 52 of 215 patients developed a clinical indication for urodynamics. Of these, 71 (33%) patients (8 of whom underwent testing twice) had urodynamics performed, resulting in a total of 79 urodynamic study encounters that were analyzed. Thirty-four (43%) urodynamic testing cases were performed due to a symptomatic change in lower urinary tract function; 14 (18%) were due to declining renal function or concern for upper tract deterioration based on imaging. The data obtained from urodynamic investigation led to new recommendations for urinary tract management in 59 (75%) of the urodynamic studies performed. A total of 32 of the 90 (35%) recommendations made were surgical interventions and 30 (33%) were for a change in medical management. Interestingly, 8 of the 18 (44%) routine or baseline urodynamic tests performed led to new recommendations in urinary tract management. CONCLUSION: A total of 24%of patients in the multidisciplinary spina bifida clinic developed an indication for urodynamic testing over a 7-year period which resulted in new recommendations for urinary tract management in most. As more patients with spina bifida enter adulthood, the indications for urodynamic evaluation may become more defined, since the results often lead to alterations in bladder management.
Scope of care in the first four years of life for individuals born with myelomeningocele: A single institution experience1
Authors: Hopson Betsy , Shamblin Isaac , Zimmerman Kathrin , Rocque Brandon , Salehani Arsalaan , Blount Jeffrey P.
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE: Children with myelomeningocele are known to be consumers of substantial healthcare resources, with many early hospital encounters. The purpose of this study was to survey the extent of medical and surgical care that patients with myelomeningocele receive during the first four years of life. METHODS: Clinical and demographic data were collected on newborn infants with open myelomeningocele from the Children’s of Alabama Spina Bifida Web Tracker, a prospective, comprehensive spina bifida database. Additional data pertaining to all hospital admissions, surgical procedures, and clinic visits were collected from the medical record. RESULTS: One hundred and fourteen subjects with a primary diagnosis of myelomeningocele between 2004 and 2015 were included. Males slightly predominated (55%), 61.4% were Caucasian, 11% Hispanic/Latino; 28% had a mid-lumbar functional lesion level. Over the first four years of life, 688 total surgical procedures were performed (an average of 86 per child): 438 in year 1, 100 in year 2, 84 in year 3, and 66 in year 4. The mean number of hospital visits was 40.5. Total average drive time per patient over 4 years being 103.8 hours. Average number of nights spent in the hospital was 51. CONCLUSION: Children with myelomeningocele need multiple hospitalizations, surgeries, and medical encounters in the first 4 years of life. These data will be valuable when counselling new parents and prospective parents of children with this condition.
Upper extremity biomechanics in native and non-native signers
Authors: Roman Gretchen , Peterson Daniel S. , Ofori Edward , Vidt Meghan E.
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Individuals fluent in sign language (signers) born to non-signing, non-deaf parents (non-natives) may have a greater injury risk than signers born to signing, deaf parents (natives). A comprehensive analysis of movement while signing in natives and non-natives has not been completed and could provide insight into the greater injury prevalence of non-natives. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine differences in upper extremity biomechanics between non-natives and natives. METHODS: Strength, ‘micro’ rests, muscle activation, ballistic signing, joint angle, and work envelope were captured across groups. RESULTS: Non-natives had fewer rests (p = 0.002) and greater activation (p = 0.008) in non-dominant upper trapezius. For ballistic signing, natives had greater anterior-posterior jerk (p = 0.033) and for joint angle, natives demonstrated greater wrist flexion-extension range of motion (p = 0.040). Natives also demonstrated greater maximum medial-lateral (p = 0.015), and greater minimum medial-lateral (p = 0.019) and superior-inferior (p = 0.027) positions. CONCLUSIONS: We observed that natives presented with more rests and less activation, but greater ballistic tendencies, joint angle, and envelope compared to non-natives. Additional work should explore potential links between these outcomes and injury risk in signers.
“To have and then lose the safety net” – Female cancer survivors’ experiences of the process of becoming ready to return to work
Authors: Petersen K.S. , Madsen L.S. , Nielsen C.V. , Labriola M. , Stapelfeldt C.M.
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Validation studies have not been able to confirm the stage-specific understanding as operationalised in the readiness for return to work (RRTW) questionnaire. OBJECTIVE: To explore retrospectively how working female cancer survivors experienced the process of becoming ready to RTW during and beyond participation in an occupational rehabilitation intervention and thereby expand the understanding of the RRTW construct. METHODS: A qualitative research design was employed. Thirteen female cancer survivors were included for semi-structured interviews one to two years after they had completed active treatment and returned to work. The RRTW construct guided data generation and analysis. Content analysis was performed in four analytical steps that combined a concept-driven and a data-driven analytic strategy. RESULTS: Three themes were identified; “To have and then lose the safety net”, “Realise a changed life situation”, “Strive to balance work and everyday life”. In a time span of approximately one to two years (from receiving treatment, being enrolled in an intervention and to gradually returning to work); the identified themes were interdependent of each other as one theme gradually evolved to the next theme in the process of engaging in sustained work participation. CONCLUSIONS: The present study points towards continuous development of the RRTW construct and whether the addition of a preparedness dimension would improve validity.
Plantas usadas en afecciones digestivas en Paraguay
Authors: Soria Nelida
Published: November 2021

La OMS promueve el uso de la Medicina Tradicional en la Atención Primaria de Salud debido a que ésta ha demostrado ser eficaz como tratamiento y prevención de primera línea para enfermedades agudas, tales como resfriados, diarreas, dolores de estómago, fiebres ligeras, entre otras, especialmente en sus fases iniciales. Este trabajo forma parte de la actualización de plantas medicinales que se realiza cada año, para ello se realizaron muestreos en los mercados de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Caaguazú, Villarrica, Pilar, durante todo el año 2019. En cada una de las comunidades estudiadas, se realizaron 14 entrevistas semi estructuradas a los vendedores y usuarios de plantas medicinales que asistían a consultas en las Unidades de Salud Familiar. Se identificaron las especies empleadas por los usuarios para las afecciones del sistema digestivo. 70 especies se emplean para uso digestivo. La familia mejor representada fue la Asteraceae con 11 especies y 9 géneros. El órgano vegetal más utilizado fue la hoja. Se calculó la importancia relativa de las enfermedades, encontrándose que el dolor de estómago es la afección más frecuentemente mencionada y las tres especies citadas con mayor frecuencia para el uso como antiespasmódico estomacal fueron Mentha x piperita “menta í”, Lippia alba “salvia rã”, Mangifera indica “mango”.  Los estudios científicos confirmaron que dos de las especies mencionadas en este grupo presentaron acción similar a la mencionada en los conocimientos tradicionales.
Are Prospective Counsellors Able to Listen Emphatically? (A Study among Counselling University Students in Indonesia)
Authors: Surya Dedy
Published: November 2021

Listening ability determines the success of counselling sessions. Counsellors must be able to listen to the various problems presented by their participants wholeheartedly. This research aims to illustrate the ability of emphatic listening among counselling students in Indonesia. This descriptive quantitative study involved 318 participants (88.7% women) aged 18-23 years (M= 19.24, SD=1.108) voluntarily selected through convenience sampling. The emphatic listening skills were measured using The Active-Emphatic Listening Scale by Bodie (2011) using Google Form. Based on statistical analysis, it was found that empathic listening to counselling students was classified as high. The study also argues that there are differences in empathy listening skills based on the environment in which they live. At the same time, differences in sex, age, and study year did not determine differences in listening empathetically. This study confirmed that the environment in which a person grows up has implications for empathy.
Drónok az okosvárosokban
Authors: Jurás Zsolt
Published: November 2021

Az (IKT) infokommunikációs technológiák rohamos fejlődése hazánkban az okosvárosok kialakulásának is óriási teret biztosít az elkövetkező években. Hasonló vagy akár még nagyobb léptékű fejlődés tapasztalható a pilóta nélküli légi járművek piacán. Az utóbbi években a pilóta nélküli légi járművek (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, UAV), a köznyelvben használatos nevén a drónok, a kormányzati, illetve ipari felhasználáson túl rohamos elterjedést mutat a lakossági szférában is. A drónok több mint 1700 típusából válogatva, szinte bármelyik webáruházban beszerezhető. A típusok sokaságából egyenesen következik az eszköz sokrétű felhasználhatósága a mezőgazdasági ágazattól a biztonságtechnikán keresztül a piaci/polgári szolgáltatásokig. Kicsit eltávolodva az eszközdimenziótól és átlépve a rendszerek dimenziójába, a funkciókat megvalósító berendezések integrációjával költséghatékony, fenntartható és magas kényelmi szintet biztosító komplex rendszerek valósíthatók meg. A két innovatív fejlesztési terület egymásba ágyazódása hatványozza a technológiák alkalmazhatóságát és felhasználhatóságát a mindennapokban.
Katonai helikopterek komplex elektronikai hadviselési önvédelmi rendszereinek értékelése
Authors: Domán László
Published: November 2021

A katonai helikopterek önvédelmi vagy szűkebb értelemben elektronikai hadviselési rendszerek fejlesztésének és esetleges alkalmazásának előzetes tervezésére és a helikopterek bevetése során a harctéri információ rendelkezésre állására vonatkozó igény egyre magasabb. Számos vállalat készít önvédelmi eszközöket, de ezek gyakran csak részben nyújtanak teljes, átfogó megoldásokat, és így nehéz összehasonlítani is őket. Feltehetően számos ország hadereje és a gyártó-fejlesztő vállalatok már kidolgozták a katonai helikopterek önvédelmi rendszerek elemzéséhez és értékeléséhez a szempontjaik keretrendszerét, hogy azokat főként kvantitatív módon össze lehessen hasonlítani, és katonai, műszaki vagy pénzügyi és gazdasági szempontok alapján rangsorolni. Továbbá meghatározták már a főbb fejlesztési irányokat, amelyek a következők: komplexitás, automatikus, gyors adatátvitel, széles tartományú érzékelés és reagálás, illetve az adott felhasználástól függő egyedi ajánlások bármilyen típusú helikopterhez. Ennélfogva a katonai helikopterek számára az önvédelmi rendszereket egy adott képességi vagy kockázati szintnek megfelelően lehet majd kialakítani. Jelen cikkben a szerző a katonai helikopterek elektronikai hadviselés önvédelmi rendszerek egy lehetséges értékelési folyamatát kívánja bemutatni.
Kiemelten fontos objektumok drón általi légi megfigyelések elleni védelmi képességeinek performanciavizsgálata
Authors: Balajti István , Turai András
Published: November 2021

A drónokkal történő illetéktelen megfigyelések elleni védelem a jelen és közeljövő feladata. Megoldása nagymértékben függ az illetéktelen információszerzéssel kapcsolatos adatok felhasználásának veszélyességétől. Ezek értékelésével eldönthető, hogy az objektum őrségének feladatait, az egyszerű vizuális légtérmegfigyelésen túl, célszerű kiegészíteni komplex dróntevékenység-érzékelő rendszerekkel. Mivel a veszély valós, és az illetéktelen drónmegfigyeléseket jogilag értékelhető módon dokumentálni szükséges, ezért elvárás a védendő terület dróntevékenység-érzékelő képességének szakszerű performanciavizsgálata. Gyakorlatilag minden védendő objektum eltérő környezeti jellemzőkkel, attribútumokkal rendelkezik, és a megfigyelésre alkalmazható drónok száma, alkalmazásának módjai jelentősen eltérnek egymástól. Ezért a vizsgálatokkal szembeni legfontosabb elvárás a védelmi képességek lehetőség szerint mindenre kiterjedő, megbízható, idő- és költséghatékony teszteljárások alkalmazása. Elvárás, hogy a performanciatesztek a védendő objektum, védelmi rendszer elemeinek elhelyezkedése és minősége paramétereinek ismerete nélkül is, objektíven kiértékelhető adatokat szolgáltassanak.
Az Airbus H145M helikopter fegyverei II. – HForce fegyverrendszer
Authors: Horváth Gergely , Szilvássy László
Published: November 2021

A cikkben a szerzők bemutatják az Airbus H145M könnyű, többcélú helikopter fedélzeti fegyvereit. A fegyverrendszer tárgyalásakor részletesen kitérnek a HForce tulajdonságaira és részletezik a különböző lehetőségeket. Bemutatják még a helikopter elektronikai hadviselési rendszerét.
Offenzív kiberműveletek II.: Kibererők és képességeik
Authors: Kovács László
Published: November 2021

A kibertér biztonságának megteremtése számos tevékenység összehangolt megvalósítását igényli. A  kiberbiztonság komplex rendszerében a szabályozási és  eljárási kérdések mellett aktív kibervédelmi műveleteket is  találunk. Ugyanakkor a védelmi célú kibertérműveletek  önmagukban nem mindig elégségesek a teljes és átfogó kiberbiztonság megteremtéséhez. Így a védelmi  kibertérműveletek mellett offenzív kiberműveletek  végrehajtására is szükség lehet. Emellett az offenzív  kibertérműveletek, és az abban foglalt eszközök és  eljárások természetszerűleg nemcsak a saját oldali  rendszereink védelméhez járulnak hozzá, hanem az  ellenérdekelt fél infokommunikációs rendszereinek  lefogásával, azok működésének akadályozásával, vagy azokból információk  kinyerésével más műveleti terekben végrehajtott tevékenységek támogatásához járulnak hozzá hatékony módon. Jelen tanulmány első  része az offenzív kiberműveletek általános jellemzőit  mutatta be,  a második rész, azaz jelen írás az offenzív kiberműveleti képességek gyakorlati megvalósítását és alkalmazhatóságát elemzi, valamint kitér a kiberműveleti  erőkre, az általuk alkalmazható  eszközökre és eljárásokra.
Virtuális valóság alapú taktikai szimulációs kiképző eszközök hazai fejlesztési lehetőségei
Authors: Marlok Tamás
Published: November 2021

Az informatika és mikroelektronika technológiai fejlődésével a virtuálisvalóság-eszközök egyre  hatékonyabbá válnak, egyre nagyobb beleélést, a valóság  egyre pontosabb szimulációját teszik lehetővé. Ezt a  technológiát a gazdaságilag fejlettebb államok katonai és  rendvédelmi szervezetei már több mint egy évtizede  kezdték el alkalmazni különböző területeken. Jelen  tanulmányban azt kívánom igazolni, hogy ez a technológia  mára elérte azt a fejlettségi szintet és modularitást, amikor alkalmazott kutatások eredményeként olyan saját eszközöket tudunk fejleszteni, amelyek akár nemzetközi  szinten is piacképes alternatívát jelenthetnek a magas költségű rendszerekkel szemben, és amelyekkel a kiképzés  bizonyos területei forradalmasíthatók. A cikksorozat  harmadik részében a technológia korlátait vizsgálom a  kiképzési terület szemszögéből. Azaz a virtuálisvalóság-  (VR-) eszközöket kiképzési célokra használva milyen  tényezőkre, paraméterekre kell különösen figyelnünk, hol vannak még gyenge pontok?
Epidemiological Study of leishmaniasis in Iran and the Middle East in the Last Two Decades
Authors:   Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran., Feiz Haddad Mohammad Hossien , Gharaei Abdolaziz ,   Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Gharaei Abdolaziz ,   Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Sharify Nia Mehry ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Published: November 2021

Leishmaniasis is one of the most forgotten diseases in the world affecting the poor people in large numbers. At present, 350 million people are at risk and 2 million new cases are reported annually, of which 1.5 million of them are cutaneous leishmaniasis and the rest are related to visceral leishmaniasis. The World Health Organization and Tropical Diseases Research (TDR) division ranks leishmaniasis in the first group of emerging and uncontrolled disease. Leishmaniasis appears in three form; Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL), muco-Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (MCL) and Viceral Leishmaniasis (VL). More than 90% of cutaneous leishmaniasis are in Iran, Afghanistan, Nepal, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Peru. Viceral leishmaniasis in terms of geographical conditions divided into five different types; Indian Leishmaniasis, is human disease reservoir type and sand fly of Phlebotomus argenti is vector. African leishmaniasis or Sudanese leishmaniasis is second and common in Sudan and Kenya. Gerbils, otters, dogs and cats are reservoirs and the vector is Phlebotomus orientalis. Russian type is the third form and prevalent in Turkmenistan and the Caucasus (Soviet Union). Dogs and foxes are the main reservoirs and Phlebotomus archablensis is vector of the disease. The American type is the fourth form and infects American countries and dogs and jackals carry the disease and Phlebotomus intermedius are vectors of the disease. The fifth is Mediterranean Leishmaniasis also called Middle Eastern type which is common in the Middle East countries among people under the age of 10 and in Iran observe in the provinces of Khuzestan, Fars, Isfahan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Ardabil and Khorasan.
Coherent Detection of Non-Orthogonal Spectrally Efficient Multicarrier Signals Using a Decision Feedback Algorithm
Authors: Makarov S. B. , Zavjalov S. V. , Nguyen D. C. , Ovsyannikova A. S.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Spectrally efficient frequency division multiplexing (SEFDM) is a promising technology for improving spectral efficiency. Since SEFDM signals transmitted on subcarriers are not orthogonal, interchannel interference occurs due to the mutual influence of signals transmitted on adjacent subcarriers. Algorithms for receiving SEFDM signals can be distinguished into element-by-element coherent detection and maximum-likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE). The former method, although being simpler, is characterized by a low bit error rate performance. The latter method, although providing for a higher energy efficiency, is more complicated and does not allow high absolute message rates.

Aim. To consider a trade-off solution to the problem of coherent detection of SEFDM signals under the condition of significant interchannel interference, namely, the use of an iterative algorithm of element-by-element processing with decision feedback at each subcarrier frequency.

Materials and methods. Analytical expressions for the operation of a demodulator solver were derived. A simulation model for transmission of SEFDM signals was built in the MatLab environment, including element-by-element detection with decision feedback.

Results. The simulation results confirmed the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. For error probabilities p =102…103, the energy gains reach values from 0.2 to 7.5 dB for different values of the non-orthogonal subcarrier spacing. At the same time, the efficiency of the detection algorithm with decision feedback turns out to be significantly lower than that when using the detection algorithm MLSE.

Conclusion. The proposed detection algorithm can be used in future generations of mobile communications, which require high transmission rates. By reducing the computational complexity of the algorithm, it is possible to provide for a lower power consumption of mobile devices.
Quality of Radar Direction-Finding via Conical Scanning
Authors: Pluzhnikov A. D. , Kogteva L. V. , Pribludova E. N. , Sidorov S. B. , Chuzhaykin E. G.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Conical scanning is applied for optimizing hardware resources in new devices, as well as when upgrading existing systems. All this explains the relevance of studying this type of direction finding systems.

Aim. To adjust and complement the known calculation relations for the variance of direction finding results – an indicator of the quality (accuracy) of direction finding, as well as to determine the possibilities of optimizing direction finding and automatic object tracking processes.

Materials and methods. Factors limiting the accuracy of direction finding via conical scanning were analyzed using spectral analysis. Mathematical modeling followed by statistical processing of quantitative results makes it possible to determine the conditions under which the influence of certain factors is predominant, as well as the conditions under which adjustment (completion) of the known calculation relations is required. The specified conditions are the errors at which the objects of direction finding are tracked. New calculation relations for the mentioned adjustment were determined by the methods of statistical radio engineering.

Results. The validity of the calculation relations found is confirmed by mathematical modeling. Calculations and modeling lead to the need to optimize parameters for automatic object tracking systems.

Conclusion. The study shows that, when choosing parameters for auto-tracking systems with conical scanning, it is important to implement object tracking not with minimal, but rather with optimized tracking errors in angular coordinates, which are to be estimated during direction finding. Moreover, the optimized errors (the values of static errors and the most probable values of the dynamic tracking errors) will require adjustment of the known analytical estimates for the variance of the direction finding results – the qualitative indicator of the direction finder (accuracy indicator). The determined analytical relationships allow such an adjustment to be performed, leading to an increased variance estimate by 10 dB.
Modeling of the Scattering Field of an FGM-148 Javelin Anti-Tank Missile in Altair Feko
Authors: Kupryashkin I. F. , Zavodskyh K. Yu.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Computer-aided design systems for microwave devices are an effective tool for assessing the backscattering characteristics of complex-shaped objects. However, these calculations are often associated with significant computational costs, especially at large values of the ratio of the characteristic dimensions of the object to the wavelength. The use of asymptotic methods in combination with the mesh coarsening of object partition can significantly reduce these costs. However, in each practical case, this leads to a deterioration in the accuracy of the estimates obtained, which is hard to predict.

Aim. Comparative assessment of the results of modeling the scattering field in the CAD of microwave devices using various methods for calculating and detailing the object model in the decimeter and centimeter wavelength ranges.

Materials and methods. The research object was an anti-tank guided missile FGM-148 Javelin. The scattering field of Altair FEKO microwave devices was modeled in CAD using the methods of moments and physical optics in the frequency range from 1 to 10 GHz and angles from 0 to 180°. A comparison of one-dimensional backscatter diagrams and radar images obtained using these methods was carried out.

Results. For the class of objects under consideration, the method of physical optics provides acceptable accuracy at frequencies of 5 GHz and higher with a step of partitioning the model surface of the order of one centimeter and a total calculation duration of the order of several minutes (Intel Core i5-4460 PC / 3.2 GHz / 8 MB RAM). At lower frequencies, acceptable accuracy and a similar calculation duration are achieved when calculating by the method of moments and a partitioning step of about 20 cm. The possibility of using the Altair FEKO CAD system for modeling radar images of objects with a resolution of at least 20 cm is demonstrated.

Conclusion. The results obtained complement the well-known studies in the field of comparative assessment of the time and accuracy characteristics of various methods for calculating the scattering field of objects in the CAD of microwave devices.
KLASIFIKASI TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BUAH CARICA MENGGUNAKAN FUZZY LOGIC
Authors: Mahmudati Rina
Published: November 2021

Buah carica adalah salah satu ciri khas kota Wonosobo, dimana banyak dijumpai di dataran tinggi Dieng. Selain teksturmya yang kenyal, mempunyai aroma yang segar juga memiliki kandungan serat yang tinggi untuk membantu melancarkan proses pencernaan serta  mengandung Vitamin C dan E sehingga baik untuk kesehatan kulit. Carica memiliki rasa yang manis asam dan bagian kulit mengandung banyak getah sehingga kurang enak jika dikonsumsi secara langsung. Masyarakat setempat biasa mengolah buah carica menjadi keripik oven, manisan, sirup, dodol, selai dan menjadikannya sebagai usaha baik usaha rumahan mandiri maupun usaha kelompok yang tergabung dalam UKM. Aneka olahan tersebut berbahan baku buah carica, namun dengan tingkat kematangan yang berbeda. Masyarakat pengolah carica seharusnya memiliki kemampuan dalam membedakan kematangan buah carica, agar dapat menghasilkan produk makanan dengan rasa yang lezat. Namun, sebagian besar pengolah carica masih banyak yang belum bisa mengetahui tingkat kematangan buah dengan tepat, mereka hanya melihat kematangan dari warna buah dan aroma yang muncul dari buah carica. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang suatu program untuk mengetahui tingkat kematangan buah carica dengan menggunakan logika fuzzy. Uji coba program telah dilakukan dan mencapai hasil bahwa dengan menggunakan metode logika fuzzy dan program sederhana dengan bahasa pemrograman python dapat digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan tingkat kematangan buah carica
Perancangan Alat Absensi Berbasis Arduino Uno Di PT. Telkom Akses Pematangsiantar
Authors: Frandika Kurniadi , Gunawan Indra , Kirana Ika Okta , Sumarno Sumarno , Nasution Zulaini Masruro
Published: November 2021

Pada masa pandemi saat ini protokol kesehatan menjadi hal wajib kepada setiap instansi/perusahaan yang beroperasi. Sehingga mengakibatkan pihak HSE perusahaan harus bekerja lebih keras untuk menjalankan protokol kesehatan, terutama menggunakan masker dan melakukan pengecekan suhu tubuh setiap karyawan yang akan masuk ke area kerja PT. Telkom Akses pematangsiantar. Sehingga penulis menciptakan alat absensi berbasis arduino uno yang dapat membantu pihak HSE melakukan absensi kehadiran karyawan disertai pengecekan suhu tubuh secara otomatis. Yang dimana apabila karyawan hendak masuk ke lokasi kerja maka wajib melakukan scan RFID dan pengecekan suhu. Apabila suhu karyawan dibawah 37 derajat celcius maka karyawan diperbolehkan masuk. Sedangkan apabila suhu karyawan diatas 37 derajat celcius maka alarm akan berbunyi dan akan muncul notifikasi karyawan akan dihimbau untuk segera periksa kondisi kesehatan dan beristirahat.
IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA RSA DAN ALGORITMA VERNAM CIPHER UNTUK KEAMANAN DATA PEGAWAI DINAS LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Authors: Gultom Janter Manuel , Gunawan Indra , Kirana Ika Okta , Poningsih Poningsih , Irawan Irawan
Published: November 2021

Data merupakan suatu variabel yang mempunyai wujud nyata berupa angka, kata, ataupun gambar, data haruslah dirahasiakan dari pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab agar tidak terjadi masalah dalam pengolahan data pada saat dibutuhkan. Salah satu kasus data ataupun identitas seseorang sering sekali dipakai sebagai jaminan melakukan utang di bank padahal tidak ada hubungan apapun antara peminjam uang dan pemilik identitas yang diserahkan ke bank tersebut. Kriptografi merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari teknik matematika yang berkaitan dengan aspek keamanan data. Metode Kriptografi Rivest shamir adleman (RSA) dan Vernam Chiper adalah salah satu metode yang digunakan dalam keamanan data/informasi. Penerapan Algoritma RSA dan Vernam Chiper pada data pegawai dapat mengamankan data dalam bentuk file doc,docx,xlsx, dan sebagainya sehingga tidak dapat dibuka oleh siapapun (enkripsi) dan dapat mengembalikan file yang telah dienkripsi kedalam bentuk awal yang dimasukkan (dekripsi).
Characterizing the Cultural Spatial Structure of The Pangururan District Context
Authors: Simarmata Hery Samuel
Published: November 2021

An area is basically formed due to geographical conditions and local cultural aspects that influence it. In this Pangururan village, its geographical condition is close to Lake Toba, and the Toba Batak culture is the most abundant culture in this region. The Toba Batak culture generally inhabits around of Lake Toba in North Sumatra, which means it is located between a lake and a mountain so that the average community works as fishermen and farmers. This led to the growth of settlements around the hill area and also on the edge around Lake Toba. This is certainly an aspect that affects the characterizing of the cultural spatial structure of Pangururan district context. The purpose of this study was to get an overview of the Cultural Spatial Structure of Pangururan Regency.
Ecological Aspects of Urban Structure of The Pangururan District
Authors: Nasution Alifa Azzahra
Published: November 2021

Urban structure is a city-forming arrangement that has many meanings depending on the indicators used. Ecological approach as one of the indicators is defined as a study of the spatial and temporal relationships of humans which are influenced by forces, selective, distributive, and accommodative of the environment. Pangururan district located in Samosir Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia is one of the areas that is becoming the main focus of tourism development in Indonesia. This has led to the development of the city. The research was conducted using qualitative methods with data collection methods through literature studies and aerial observations. This study aims to determine how the structure of the Pangururan District is analyzed using the ecological theory of urban structure.
A Study on the Application of Solar Panel Technology in Low-Income Residential Housing in Deli Serdang Regency
Authors: Dicky Andrea Sembiring  , Ahmad Mansuri  , Ferry Rahmat Astianta Bukit  , Malinda Sari Sembiring
Published: November 2021

The need for energy use, especially electrical energy continues to increase from year to year. One of the sectors that consume the largest electrical energy is the household sector which consumes about 27% of the total energy consumption of all sectors. The main energy source in Indonesia at this time still comes from fossil energy, although the government has tried to develop various renewable energy sources for the future. Solar energy is one of the renewable energies that is quite potential for Indonesia considering the level of solar radiation in Indonesia is quite high throughout the year. The selection of subsidized housing as the object of research is due to the existence of clear regulations and the number which also continues to increase every year. Through the collection of physical data on the research location, such as analysis of shadows, roof structure, solar irradiation data, average electric power usage, the average solar energy requirement of the subsidized housing will be obtained. Furthermore, by calculating the economic value, it will be obtained how the description of the possibility of applying solar energy to subsidized housing will be obtained. If possible, the application of solar energy in subsidized housing can help government programs to use renewable energy and reduce the use of fossil energy
DEPRESSOR ADDITIVE FOR OIL PUMPING
Authors:   Acad. A.M. Guliyev Institute of Chemistry of Additives, Ramazanova Y. B.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the research was to study rheological properties of Azerbaijani oils from the Sangachali and Muradkhanli fields. In order to improve rheological properties of the oil produced from the Muradkhanli and Sangachali fields, a Russian-made depressant СНПХ -2005 additive was used. To determine the optimal concentration of the СНПХ-2005 and confirm its positive effect on oil and oil products, control samples were prepared with this additive in oil M-8 and the oil from the above fields with the calculation of 0.5 kg/t, 0.8 kg/t and 1.0 kg/t. In parallel, similar samples were prepared with the depressant АзНИИ. The pour points of the samples were investigated at -5 0С, -100С and -200С on the rotational viscometer REOTECT-2. It found that the sample with the СНПХ -2005 additive (at the concentration of 0.8%) in the M-8 oil has a lower pour point (minus 40°C) as compared to a similar sample with the depressant АзНИИ (-32°C). The sample with the depressant СНПХ-2005 (at the concentration of 0.8%) and oil reveals the best rheological properties (minus 38°C versus -30°C). As a result of the studies carried out, it was determined that the introduction of the depressant СНПХ-2005 improves rheological parameters of the oil from the above fields, and thereby makes it possible to refuse additional heating in low temperature areas when pumping oil through the oil pipeline.