bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Generation Z's Consumption Value on Cosmeceutical Safety and Purchasing Behavior
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Cho Ye-Eun , Lee In-Hee
Published: March 2023

This study attempted to analyze the influence of consumption values on cosmeceutical safety and purchase behavior against Generation Z and provide basic data for marketing with a goal of facilitating the cosmeceutical market. First, concerning the influence of consumption values on the safety of cosmeceuticals, ‘functional value’, ‘emotional value’ and ‘epistemic value’ revealed a statistically significant effect. Second, regarding the influence of consumption values on purchase behavior, ‘functional value’, ‘emotional value’ and ‘epistemic value’ showed a statistically significant effect. Third, regarding the influence of cosmeceutical safety on purchase behavior, a statistically significant effect was found in ‘information search’ and ‘selection criteria’. The above results confirmed that satisfying cosmeceutical safety by Gen Z’s consumption values triggers purchase behavior. In other words, it is required for cosmeceutical companies to product specialized products to enhance the value of their marketing strategies, help consumers build beneficial safety and make them interested in their products. Furthermore, they are needed to develop a specific plan to provide correct product information and services by quickly catching consumer needs and trends. It is anticipated that the study results would help in their marketing strategies.
Foreign Policy as Part of Strengthening the Polish Economy in the World: the Ethical Aspect
Authors: Pawlak Mateusz
Published: March 2023

The technological, economic and political advances of the 20th and 21st centuries
have established new conditions for the development of civilization. The world
economy has simultaneously expanded (the number of states/organization participating
in world trade or the volume of heterogeneous transactions) and shrunk
(close interrelations between transactions, no matter their geographic origins).
Economic policy has gained an indispensable role in the creation of order in international
relations and foreign policy. The tendency to prioritize foreign policy
aims towards economic policy aims has resulted in ‘reverse flow’, i.e. foreign
policy has become a central part of national economic policy.
The engagement of external action services and public budget in economic
promotion and investments triggers (inter alia) the ethics dilemma. The mentioned
ethical aspect is often omitted when discussing ‘the economic foreign policy’. For
instance, the ethics dilemma can appear when development and humanitarian aid
are taken into account or when it comes to assessing the results (and membership)
of economic missions. In this context, the author analyses the Polish foreign policy
example and attempts to answer two questions. First, are the economic activities
performed by external action services effective? Second, are the mentioned
activities in accordance with the social ethical code of conduct? The author focuses
on three elements – development and humanitarian aid, the participation of
Polish diplomats in economic promotion, and economic missions.
Significance of the Founding Body (Ownership Authority) for Financial Performance of Hospitals in Poland – Evidence from County and Provincial Hospitals
Authors: Krzeczewski Bartłomiej
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article/hypothesis: The purpose of the article is to identify and assess differences in the financial performance of Polish hospitals according to the type of the founding body. Research hypothesis assumes that the founding body is of great importance for the hospital's financial condition. Methodology: Selected financial ratios illustrating various areas of financial performance of the analyzed units are used in the study. Statistical significance is also verified in terms of differences between the mean values of indicators characterizing the financial performance of hospitals. The study is conducted on the example of public hospitals subordinated to provinces (voivodships) and counties (poviats). Results of the research: The assessment of the financial performance shows that the situation of the provincial hospitals seems to be slightly better than that of the county ones. In addition, the study shows significant differences between the analyzed groups of hospitals within the areas of debt, as well as in the case of cash (immediate) financial liquidity, which allows only to partially accept the research hypothesis. In case of current and quick liquidity, as well as obtained profitability, unambiguous verification of the hypothesis is not possible.
Ubezpieczenie odpowiedzialności cywilnej użytkowników urządzeń transportu osobistego (UTO) jako element ochrony uczestników sharing economy
Authors: Laskowska Iwona , Wieteska Stanisław , Juszczyk Sławomir
Published: March 2023

Cel/hipoteza: W ostatnich latach zauważalny jest dynamiczny rozwój urządzeń mikromobilnych, przeznaczonych do transportu osób. Tego rodzaju pojazdy określa się mianem urządzeń transportu osobistego (UTO). Jak każdy pojazd drogowy, także i UTO mogą powodować liczne wypadki i kolizje. Naturalną konsekwencją szkodowości związanej z wykorzystaniem UTO jest postawienie pytania o zabezpieczenie interesów poszkodowanych. Mając powyższe na uwadze za cel niniejszego opracowania przyjęto przybliżenie roli ubezpieczeń od odpowiedzialności cywilnej użytkowników urządzeń transportu osobistego w kontekście szkodowości związanej z użytkowaniem tego rodzaju pojazdów oraz krótką charakterystyką dostępnych na rynku produktów ubezpieczeniowych. W pracy postawiono tezę: mimo iż przepisy nie zobowiązują kierujących UTO do posiadania polisy komunikacyjnej OC, szeroki katalog niekorzystnych zdarzeń związanych z użytkowaniem urządzeń transportu odpowiednio wymaga upowszechnienia ochrony ubezpieczeniowej użytkowników tego rodzaju pojazdów. W polu ochrony ubezpieczeniowej powinni się znaleźć: użytkownicy, wypożyczający sprzęt, sprzedawcy, operatorzy a także gospodarstwa domowe.
Metodyka: Opracowanie ma charakter teoretyczno-analityczny. Obok przeglądu dostępnej literatury przeanalizowano również dostępną na rynku ofertę dobrowolnych ubezpieczeń adresowanych do użytkowników UTO.
Wnioski z badań: Ubezpieczenie dedykowane posiadaczom urządzeń transportu osobistego jest stosunkowo nowym produktem na rynku i jeszcze niewiele towarzystw ubezpieczeniowych posiada je w swojej ofercie. Użytkownicy urządzeń transportu osobistego mogą korzystać z posiadanych ubezpieczeń odpowiedzialności cywilnej w życiu prywatnym, zawieranych głównie przy ubezpieczeniach domów i mieszkań, stanowiącym zabezpieczenie na wypadek wyrządzenia szkody osobom trzecim. Jednym z rozwiązań prowadzących do upowszechnienia ochrony ubezpieczeniowej mogłaby być propozycja ubezpieczeń dostosowanych do rodzaju ryzyka oraz krótkiego charakteru użytkowania sprzętu (np. ubezpieczeń na czas przejazdu).
Las elecciones del ayuntamiento constitucional en el Cuzco, 1813-1814
Authors: Chiaramonti Gabriella
Published: March 2023

El 9 de diciembre de 1812 llegó al Cuzco el correo con que el virrey Abascal había remitido los ejemplares de la Constitución de Cádiz y al día siguiente el pliego que los contenía fue abierto en la reunión del cabildo de la ciudad. Cuatro días más tarde apareció un Memorial (un «recurso insultante», como lo definiría en 1816 el oidor Manuel Pardo)i, que había sido redactado por el abogado Rafael Ramírez de Arellano y que subscribieron otros 31 ciudadanos, en su mayoría abogados. Los firmatarios reprochaban la lentitud con que las autoridades procedían a organizar la publicación y jura de la nueva carta, en vista de que en ella se ordenaba que «en el último mes del año, haga el pueblo el ejercicio de su autoridad originaria, transmitiéndola en los alcaldes, regidores, y síndicos que debe elegir»
La rebelión de 1814 en la ciudad de Huamanga
Authors: Rojas Porras Claudio
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo es un estudio de la insurrección de 1814 en la ciudad de Huamanga, una rebelión que ocupa un sitial importante entre las luchas de la Independencia, pues ha sido considerada como el proyecto peruano que emergió desde el interior del virreinato, y que aglutinó a criollos, mestizos e indígenas. No es nuestra intención volver a discutir si esta rebelión era o no independentista, sino analizar los hechos ocurridos para entender la crisis de poder y autoridad real en el espacio regional de Huamanga.
De cercos, masacres e insurgentes de larga data. La Paz en 1811 y 1814 en el contexto de una guerra continental
Authors: Soux María Luisa
Published: March 2023

La lectura nacionalista y cívica de la Guerra de Independencia en los países iberoamericanos ha impedido durante muchos años cruzar las fronteras de cada Estado-nación para lograr entender con mayor profundidad un proceso que se presenta a todas luces continental. En el caso de Bolivia, la visión nacionalista y protonacionalista ha dado lugar a estudios en los cuales se presentan visiones recortadas por los límites del Desaguadero al norte y Tarija al sur, no solo con relación a la narración de los hechos, sino sobre todo con planteamientos que han querido mostrar que la idea de una independencia «Ni con Lima ni con Buenos Aires» fue la que marcó todo el proceso desde 18091. A partir de esta postura, tanto las actuaciones de los ejércitos auxiliares insurgentes procedentes del Río de la Plata, como la presencia u ocupación del territorio de Charcas por el ejército virreinal peruano (o insurgente para el caso de la expansión de la sublevación del Cuzco de 1814) serían considerados ejércitos de ocupación, frente a los cuales se organizaron las guerrillas como un germen de la Bolivia independiente. Más allá de su carácter teleológico y de su interés cívico nacionalista, esta postura, desde nuestro punto de vista, invisibiliza la complejidad y amplitud de las relaciones, y las alianzas entre actores y territorios.
Un pueblo en revolución. Poder, política y militarización en Cuyo, 1814-1815
Authors: Bragoni Beatriz
Published: March 2023

La profusa literatura sanmartiniana ha ofrecido evidencia suficiente con relación al número y a los perfiles sociales que concurrieron en el diseño de la maquinaria militar como también ha referido al estilo de conducción y estrategias que caracterizaron y distinguieron el desempeño guerrero del Ejército de los Andes en la campaña de Chile1. El presente trabajo recupera este motivo clásico de la historiografía aunque se detiene especialmente en la construcción política que dio lugar a ese proceso, describe la morfología de la fuerza militar y avanza en la caracterización de la naturaleza contractual del servicio militar con el propósito de examinar su incidencia en la estabilidad de las formaciones armadas y su gravitación en el sistema de incentivos materiales que intervenían en su cohesión.
Estado del debate sobre la junta del Cuzco de 1814
Authors: Espinosa Fernández de Córdova Carlos
Published: March 2023

Agradezco a Scarlett O'Phelan de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP) y Gérard Borras del Instituto Francés de Estudios Andinos (IFEA) por haberme invitado a participar como relator en el Congreso Internacional «1814: La junta de gobierno del Cuzco y el Sur Andino» llevado a cabo entre el 19 y el 21 de noviembre de 2015 en Lima. Es así que discutiré las ponencias y sus relevantes aportes alrededor de cinco ejes: 1) el contexto historiográfico y el revisionismo que se plantea en torno a la rebelión del Cuzco de 1814 liderada por los hermanos Angulo y Mateo Pumacahua; 2) las continuidades y discontinuidades entre la insurrección del Cuzco de 1814 y la anterior rebelión de Túpac Amaru II de 1780-1782; 3) los discursos y los modelos de comunidad política que se propusieron en los sucesos del Cuzco de 1814; 4) los actores sociales, tanto de elite como subalternos, conjuntamente con sus motivaciones y proyectos específicos; 5) la proyección militar y el contexto de disputas geopolíticas de la rebelión del Cuzco.
¿Por qué leer a Aristóteles hoy?
Authors: Dávila Morey Dante
Published: March 2023

¿Por qué leer a Aristóteles hoy? La respuesta a esta pregunta la encontramos en la frase central del pensamiento aristotélico: el ser se dice en varios sentidos (to on légetai pollachós). 1 La actualidad de Aristóteles consiste en que, con esta frase, nos brinda: en primer lugar, un tema, el ser (to on); en segundo lugar, un modo de trabajo filosófico (légetai); y, en tercer lugar, la forma plural de acercarse a la realidad (pollachós). De acuerdo con esto, dividimos nuestro trabajo en tres partes, que explicarán la actualidad de cada uno de los elementos de la frase indicada: la primera parte, el ser; la segunda, el trabajo filosófico; y la tercera, el acceso plural a la realidad.
¿Por qué leer a Kant hoy?
Authors: Vallaeys François
Published: March 2023

Parodiando el mismo título de una obra de Kant, el presente ensayo parte de una molestia sobre el lugar común: es posible que Kant tenga razón en teoría, pero en la práctica, ¡no funciona! Una larga y repetida interrogación como profesor de filosofía dictando en el Perú el pensamiento de Kant desde hace más de una década es: ¿por qué razón Kant, a pesar de todo el respeto que se le prodiga oficialmente, es al mismo tiempo, oficiosamente, tan poco comprendido y apreciado?, ¿por qué motivo circulan sobre él tantos prejuicios y lugares comunes, que se repiten hasta el cansancio en los pasillos de las facultades de filosofía y que condenan desde el inicio los pusilánimes intentos de leerlo por parte de los estudiantes?, ¿por qué tantos repiten que es un filósofo «formalista», «rigorista», «Universalista abstracto», «dualista», sin ser por eso discípulos de Hegel, ni haber leído una sola línea de su Filosofía del derecho? Es como si las críticas posteriores, transformadas en lugar común, se adelantaran siempre a la lectura previa del filósofo de Konigsberg, mermando sistemáticamente los alcances de su estudio y la posibilidad de fecundar los debates contemporáneos con sus tesis.
¿Por qué leer a Wittgenstein hoy?
Authors: Krebs Victor J.
Published: March 2023

Lo que voy a desarrollar aquí, por lo tanto, es una especie de retrato de lo que yo veo como la contribución de Wittgenstein. He escogido un par de rasgos y los he trazado de manera tal que se muestren sus contornos y se sugieran sus texturas, pero no pretendo defender aquí las afirmaciones que hago. Simplemente las ofrezco como señales de camino que indican algunos de los momentos del pensamiento de Wittgenstein que me parecen de valor para lo que estamos viviendo en nuestra época.
¿Por qué leer a Heidegger hoy?
Authors: Lerner Febres Salomón
Published: March 2023

La pregunta que ha precedido este interesante ciclo de charlas contiene, entre sus muchas dificultades, una que es especialmente desafiante cuando se trata de dar razones para acercarse al pensamiento filosófico; me refiero a esa referencia circunstancial -el hoy-- que se plantea como un tribunal para la relevancia de la filosofía y que, si entiendo adecuadamente, quiere evocar los tiempos cambiantes que vivimos y las encrucijadas políticas, morales, económicas y de muchos otros tipos que enfrentamos. Ese hoy se plantea, entonces, como un reclamo de actualidad y quiere situar, si somos ligeramente suspicaces, la carga de la prueba sobre los diversos autores cuya vigencia quisiéramos considerar desde este foro.
La automatización robótica de procesos y su relación con la operatividad de los procesos contables en las empresas de telecomunicaciones y banca en los países de Argentina, Chile, Colombia y Perú en el año 2021
Authors: Larios Soldevilla Omar Alexis , Atoche Socola Cristhian Junior
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo determinar la relación que tiene la automatización robótica de procesos (RPA, por sus iniciales en inglés) con la operatividad de los procesos contables. Asimismo, se busca determinar cómo (i) la identificación de procesos a automatizar, (ii) la automatización del proceso ya implementado y (iii) la formación del personal en automatización se relacionan con la eficiencia de los procesos contables en las empresas de banca y telecomunicaciones de Argentina, Chile, Colombia y Perú en el año 2021. El modelo teórico se basó en la revisión de la literatura relacionada a la presente investigación, de la que destacan investigaciones previas. Se parte de la hipótesis de que la RPA tiene una relación positiva con la operatividad de los procesos contables en las empresas y países mencionados anteriormente. La metodología utilizada incluye la revisión bibliográfica de diversas investigaciones indexadas en los principales repositorios de los últimos seis años, tomando en cuenta criterios de inclusión y exclusión en temas relacionados a la RPA y los diferentes ámbitos contables. Asimismo, se realizaron 74 encuestas a profesionales que han implementado RPA en diversas empresas de los sectores del Top 10 de banca y de telecomunicaciones en los países anteriormente mencionados, a fin de verificar cómo ha impactado esta tecnología en Sudamérica. Los profesionales encuestados han desarrollado RPA en uno o dos sectores en uno o más de los países mencionados. De las encuestas realizadas, se obtuvo información de 62 empresas, que representan el 100% del total de las empresas en los sectores y países indicados anteriormente (Fitch Solutions, 2021a, p. 21; 2021b, p. 31; 2021c, p. 21; 2021d, p. 31; 2021e, p. 21; 2021f, p. 32; 2021g, p. 20; 2021h, p. 31). Los resultados obtenidos indican que hay una relación positiva en la mayoría de las empresas encuestadas. La motivación de la presente investigación es la difusión de los conocimientos tecnológicos, y su influencia, tendencias y cambios en la carrera de Contabilidad. Cabe mencionar que la presente investigación tiene como finalidad un aporte de originalidad por el estudio de la RPA en la región de Sudamérica.
Relação entre o disclosure de indicadores de desempenho não financeiros e o valor de mercado das empresas de capital aberto
Authors: Romão Bruno José Patrício , Cunha Callado Antônio André
Published: March 2023

O desenvolvimento deste artigo objetiva verificar a relação entre a evidenciação de indicadores de desempenho não financeiros e o valor de mercado das empresas de capital aberto listadas na Bolsa de Valores do Brasil (B3). Nesse sentido, foram analisados os relatórios de sustentabilidade, anual, da administração e de release de resultados de 109 empresas com ações listadas na B3, a fim de constituir o percentual de divulgação de indicadores não financeiros (DINF) de cada organização que integrou a amostra de pesquisa. Para alcance do objetivo traçado realizaram-se os procedimentos metodológicos de análise de conteúdo, e posteriormente um teste de mediana (Kruskal-Wallis), utilizou-se ainda gráfico na forma box-plot para construir a percepção acerca da diferença existente entre os grupos. Os resultados apontam que, num aspecto geral, as empresas com maiores níveis de divulgação de indicadores não financeiros de desempenho, tendem a possuir um valor de mercado maior do que aquelas empresas que praticam uma divulgação mais superficial.
Computer Vision and Machine Learning in Paddy Diseases Identification and Classification: A Review
Authors: Kappali Hemanthakumar R. , Sadyojatha K.M. , Prashanthi S.K.
Published: March 2023

Food security of the Indian population depends upon the agriculture. The annual crop loss due to the pestsand diseases is a severe problem which is addressed by the researcher time and again Paddy is one of the common crops found in most of the agriculture areas in India. Paddy plants exhibit health condition mainly in stem and leaf. Farmers are still using the traditional method and experts suggestions in identifying the diseases. Research in disease identification and classification process is going on for the past three decades but its automation is still an open challenge. Image segmentation based computer vision techniques, supervised and unsupervised classification algorithms of machine learning are widely used in the analysis of vegetation health analysis. Pattern recognition is playing a major role in identifying the features causing the diseases. The focus of the work is on investigating the performance of various segmentation techniques with support vector machine and K-Neural Network classification algorithms using statistical features. The hybrid IP-PR (Image Processing-Pattern Recognition)techniques are used for paddy disease classification..The performance of the classification algorithm is primarily depending upon the intelligence of the segmentation techniques. The properly segmented outputs give a better accuracy.
Observational Study About the Impact of Simulation Training of Non-Technical Skills on Teamwork: Towards a Paradigm Shift in Undergraduate Medical Training
Authors: Martinho Bárbara , Ferreira Luís , Koch Maria João , Madeira Filipa , Santos Eva , Baptista Sérgio , Alexandrino Henrique
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Recently, simulation as an educational method has gained increasing importance in Medicine. However, medical education has favored the acquisition of individual knowledge and skills, while overlooking the development of teamwork skills. Since most errors in clinical practice are due to human factors, i.e., non-technical skills, the aim of this study was to assess the impact that training in a simulation environment has on teamwork in an undergraduate setting.Material and Methods: This study took place in a simulation center, with a study population of 23 participants, fifth year undergraduate students, randomly divided into teams of four elements. Twenty simulated scenarios of teamwork in the initial assessment and resuscitation of critically ill trauma patients were recorded. Video recordings were made at three distinct learning moments (before training, end of the semester, and six months after the last training), and a blinded evaluation was performed by two independent observers, who applied the Trauma Team Performance Observation Tool (TPOT). Additionally, the Team STEPPS Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire (T-TAQ) was applied to the study population before and after the training to assess any change in individual attitudes towards non-technical skills. A 5% (or 0.05) significance level was considered for statistical analysis.Results: With a moderate level of inter-observer agreement (Kappa = 0.52, p = 0.002), there was a statistically significant improvement in the team's overall approach, evidenced by the TPOT scores (median of 4.23, 4.35 and 4.50, in the three time-points assessed, respectively, p = 0.003). In the T-TAQ, there was an improvement in non-technical skills, that was statistically significant for "Mutual Support” (median from 2.50 to 3.00, p = 0.010).Conclusion: In this study, incorporating non-technical skills education and training in undergraduate medical education was associated with sustained improvement in team performance in the approach to the simulated trauma patient. Consideration should be given to introducing non-technical skills training and teamwork in the emergency setting during undergraduate training.
People with memory illnesses and their spouses as actors in the hybrid care model
Authors: Jolanki Outi , Eskola Päivi , Aaltonen Mari
Published: March 2023

Objective: The study analysed how its participants positioned themselves and other people as actors in daily life, and what matters they portrayed as meaningful in seeking and receiving support in daily life.Background: Family care has traditionally played an important role in elder care in Finland. Current policy goals will further increase the importance of family care, yet research on how people with memory illnesses and their spouses perceive care arrangements is scarce.
Method: The study drew from theory of relational agency and positioning theory. The data came from semi-structured, in-depth interviews (10) of home-dwelling people diagnosed with a memory illness and their spouses. The interviewees’ age varied from 62 to 88. The analysis focused on the participants’ self-descriptions and descriptions of their experiences and actions in relation to informal and formal care arrangements.
Results: The participants with a memory illness positioned themselves together with their spouses as a couple, as satisfied service recipients, as active and knowledgeable service users, or even as consumers who critically evaluated social and health care services. People with memory illnesses are capable of expressing their self-reflexive agentic self and adopting different positions to that of a person with dementia.
Conclusion: There is need to better acknowledge agency of people with memory illnesses and to develop different data collection and analysis methods that enable them to convey their views.
Carlito Carvalhosa, roteiro para a suspensão da cultura
Authors: Giorgi Artur de Vargas
Published: March 2023

Em 2010, Carlito Carvalhosa realizou no Palácio da Aclamação, em Salvador, o seu Roteiro para visitação. A exposição estava integrada ao Programa Ocupas e contou com a curadoria de Daniel Rangel. Este texto se detém sobre o site specific do artista, destacando no conjunto o protagonismo da aroeira, árvore de nove metros de altura que foi transportada e mantida viva no local. Suspensa com dois postes de eucalipto no Hall de Entrada do Palácio, a árvore é elemento material e simbólico fundamental no agenciamento promovido pelo artista: nesta espécie de ecologia situada, a natureza participa de um jogo de forças perturbador com a cultura, com o cultivo, com o culto, concentrando seu potencial disruptivo da história colonial.
Students’ and examiners’ perception of feedback practices following OSCE in Uniport
Authors: Abinye Alex-Hart, Balafama , Olabisi Arigbede Abiodun , Tudor Chinnah
Published: March 2023

The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) offers several opportunities for effective feedback to be given to students to improve their performance. This study aimed to evaluate the feedback practices following OSCE in the University of Port Harcourt (Uniport). This was descriptive research involving the administration of semi-structured questionnaires to examiners in the Faculty of Clinical Sciences and final year medical students in Uniport. Information sought centred on their perception of feedback practices following OSCE. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square. The result showed that 114 examiners participated in the study. There were 72 (63.16%) male and 42 (36.84%) female examiners with male to female ratio of 1.7:1. Ninety students participated in the study. There were 49 (54.44%) males and 41 (45.56%) females. Their mean age was 25.42±2.36. There were significant differences between the examiners and students perception of feedback practices following OSCE in Uniport in terms of whether (P=0.009) and when (P=0.0014) it is provided. Majority of the examiners (58.49%) and almost all the students (91.49%) reported that feedback resulted in improved performance. The stud y showed that about half of the students claimed that feedback is given following OSCE in Uniport. Feedback practice following OSCE in Uniport is satisfactory in some aspects and deficient in some other aspects. Incorporate quality feedback practices into the OSCE process in all medical schools will improve skills development and learning.
Newly identified transmembrane protein 106B amyloid fibrils in the human brain: pathogens or by-products?
Authors: Fan Yun , Zhao Wanbing , Ni You , Liu Yiqi , Tang Yilin , Sun Yimin , Liu Fengtao , Yu Wenbo , Wu Jianjun , Wang Jian
Published: March 2023

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) constitute a spectrum of diseases characterized by the abnormal aggregation of specific amyloid fibrillar proteins; these include β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau in the form of the extracellular Aβ plaques and neuronal neurofibrillary tangles in AD and fibrillar α-synuclein aggregation in the form of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites in PD. Transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B) is a type II transmembrane lysosomal protein that participates in lysosome morphology, localization, acidification, and trafficking; t is involved in the pathogenesis of several NDs, especially frontotemporal lobular degeneration with TAR DNA-binding protein immunoreactive inclusions (FTLD-TDP). Studies from four independent research groups revealed that the luminal domain of TMEM106B (120-254aa) forms amyloid fibrils in several brain regions in patients with a series of NDs and neurologically normal older adults. Given its potentially critical roles in the pathogenesis of NDs and brain aging, this surprising finding has focused attention on TMEM106B and suggested that it is nearly as fundamental as other pathogenic amyloid proteins (e.g., Aβ, tau, α-syn); nevertheless, new questions surrounding TMEM106B must be asked. In this review,we firstly introduce the physiological function of TMEM106B and its involvement in NDs. Then, we elucidate the identification and cryo-electronic microscopic structure of TMEM106B fibrils and analyze the factors that contribute to the polymorphism of TMEM106B fibrils. Finally, the potential pathogenic role of TMEM106B fibrils is discussed, and the future directions for TMEM106 research in NDs are briefly summarized.
Nutritional Dried Matter, Crude Protein and Crude Fiber on Lowland Tidal Grass Fermented by Probiotic Microorganisms for Use Bali Cattle Feed
Authors: Muhakka Muhakka , Wijaya A , Ammar M
Published: March 2023

Abstract. This study was aimed to determine nutritional value of lowland tidal grass fermented by probiotic microorganisms. This study used a completely randomized design and investigated two factors, namely varieties of lowland tidal grass (kumpai tembaga (Ischaemum rugosum), kumpai minyak (Hymenachne amplexicaulis) and kumpai padi (Oryza rufipogon)) and probiotic microorganism concentration (0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 percent). The following parameters were observed, including dried matter content, crude protein content and crude fiber content.  The results showed that the use of probiotics have significant effects on crude protein content and crude fiber content. In conclusion, the use of probiotics can improve the nutritional value of grass. The best result was obtained on kumpai tembaga grass (Ischaemum rugosum) fermented with 0.7% probiotic microorganism. Keywords: nutritional evaluation, lowland tidal grass, fermentation, probiotics microorgansms Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai nutrisi rumput tidal dataran rendah yang difermentasi menggunakan mikroba probiotik. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dan mengamati dua faktor, yaitu varitas rumput tidal dataran rendah (kumpai tembaga (Ischaemum rugosum), kumpai minyak (Hymenachne amplexicaulis) dan kumpai padi (Oryza rufipogon)) dan mikroba probiotik (0,3; 0,5; 0,7 dan 0,9 persen). Parameter yang diamati meliputi kandungan bahan kering, protein kasar, dan serat kasar. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan probiotik memiliki pengaruh nyata terhadap kandungan protein kasar dan serat kasar. Dapat disumpulkan bahwa penggunaan probiotik dapat meningkatkan nilai nutrisi dari rumput. Hasil terbaik diperoleh pada rumput kumpai tembaga (Ischaemum rugosum) yang difermentasi menggunakan 0,7% mikroba probiotik. Kata kunci: evaluasi nutrisi, rumput tidal dataran rendah, fermentasi, mikroba probiotik
Effect of Condensed Tannin of Leucaena and Calliandra Leaves in Protein Trash Fish Silage on In vItro Ruminal Fermentation, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Digestibility
Authors: Rimbawanto Efka Aris , Yusiati Lies Mira , Baliarti Endang , Utomo Ristianto
Published: March 2023

Two plants as condensed tannin (CT) sources were supplemented to protein trash fish silage (TFS) to observe their effect on in vitro ruminal fermentation product, micobial protein synthesis, and   digestibility. CT supplementation on protein trash fish silage was on control proportion (0), under optimum level (2.0%), at optimum level (4.0%), and above optimum level (6.0%) of g TFS); of protein precipitation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with CT from L. leucocephala; and under optimum level (1.5%), at optimum level (3.0%) and above optimum level (4.5% of g TFS), BSA protein precipitation with CT from C. calothyrsus. The effect on degradation in ruminal fluid and ruminal fluid followed by incubation in HCl-pepsin was evaluated using a modified two-step in vitro method. The CT level of L. leucocephala and C. calothyrsus was 4% and 6%, respectively with protein precipitation BSA was 26.25 and 31.77 g BSA/g CT, respectively. CT supplementation to trash fish silage, ruminal fermentation product (NH3-N, C2, C3, and total VFAs) and digestibility (DM and OM) decreased (P<0.01) and increased (P<0.01) total CP digestibility (in HCl-pepsin). The difference was attributed to CT source without affecting ruminal microbial protein synthesis. CT of L. leucocephala was better in increasing total protein digestibility (70%) than that of C. calothyrsus  (15%). It indicated that CT of C. calothyrsus was less effective in protected TSF protein degradation in rumen compared to that of L. leucocephala.
Analysis of Income Distribution among Goat Farmer Households in Banjarnegara District, Central Java Province Indonesia
Authors: Sugiarto Moch , Ahmad Abdul Aziz
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study was to describe the structure of household’s income of goat farmer and analyze the distribution of goat farmer household’s income in Banjarnegara. For this analysis, Banjarnegara district was divided into three agro ecological zones on the basis of altitude, i.e. low, medium and high land. 180 goat farmers were selected using multistage sampling and data were measured using descriptive statistic and Gini Coefficient. The study concluded that goat farming as a side job contributed 29% of total household income. The income from non-goat farming remain dominating a structure of household income by 71%. There was a high inequality household income among goat farmers with Gini Coefficient of 0.562. The high level of total income inequality was due to a greater relative inequality in non-goat farming income. Since there was a relationship between farm size and income, increasing the number of goats must be actualized to the goat farmers with no other livelihood. This would be able to reduce inequality of total income of goat farmers.
Effect of Supplementation Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) as a Source of Alpha-Linolenic Acid on Production Performance and Physical Quality of Egg of Laying Hens
Authors: Kartikasari Lilik , Nuhriawangsa Adi Magna Patriadi , Hertanto Bayu Setya , Swastike Winny
Published: March 2023

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of inclusion plant source of n 3 fat in the form of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) on the diets of layers on production performance and physical quality of eggs. A total of  125 Hy-Line Brown hens (38 weeks old) were placed at individual cages and assigned to five dietary treatments. The dietary treatments were supplemented with 0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0% purslane meal. Laying hens were fed for five weeks following a seven day adaptation period. Water and feed were provided ad libitum. Feed intake (FI) measured weekly and feed consumption ratio (FCR) was calculated at the end of the trial. A total of 25 egg yolk samples of day 35 (n = 5 egg yolks for each treatment) were collected to analyse physical quality of eggs. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Differences between treatment means were further analyzed using Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results showed that the incorporation of plants rich in ALA did not modify FI, FCR, and egg production. Supplementation of purslane meal in the diets had no effect on physical quality of eggs, including egg weight, yolk weight, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh Unit (HU). The average of egg weight and yolk weight were 60,5 and 15.3 g, respectively. Diet containing purslane meal increased yolk colour. In conclusion, laying hens that fed diet supplemented with purslane meal rich in ALA improved yolk colour and did not change the production performance of the laying hens or the qualities of the eggs.
Nutritional Status Evaluation (Estimated Using Lignin Internal Indicator) of Grazed Yearling Kacang Bucks
Authors: Adiwiniarti Retno , Budisatria I Gede Suparta , Kustantinah Kustantinah , Rusman Rusman , Purnomoadi Agung
Published: March 2023

In some areas in Indonesia, farmers usually graze their goats during the day and house them at night.  The goats eat grass without additional concentrate.  However, how much nutrient intakes of grazing goats in Indonesia are seldom calculated. Therefore, this research was set up to investigate the productivity and to estimate the dry matter, protein, and TDN intake of grazed Kacang buck using lignin internal indicator.  About 12 heads of Kacang buck, aged 1-1.5 year (the incisors have erupted 1), having the initial body weight of 18.42+1.78 kg (CV= 9.67%) and reared by farmers in Grobogan, Central Java, Indonesia were used in this study.  Intake and nutrient digestibility of the buck were calculated using lignin as internal marker.  After being reared 86 days, the average daily gains (ADG) of the buck were 3.20+21.14 gram ( -26.16 gram to 53.60 gram). Low ADG of the buck was caused by low DMI, protein and TDN intake.  The Kacang bucks were usually grazed in the soccer fields, back yards, and roadsides, therefore their intake were lower than their maintenance needed.  The averages of DMI, protein and TDN intake were about 1.17+0.17 % their body weight, 30.16+4.18 g and 91.45+11.64 g, respectively. It can be concluded that the productivity of grazing Kacang bucks is relatively very low.
Performance Indices and Physiological Changes in Pearl Guinea Fowls (Numida Meleagris) Supplemented with Molasses through Drinking Water
Authors: Habibu Buhari , Ikira Nizam Mustapha , Ibrahim Moses , Buhari Hajarah Uwale , Abdullahi Abdullahi , Ibrahim Muhammed Abdul , Kawu Mohammed Umar
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The study was aimed at evaluating the performance indices and physiologic changes in pearl guinea fowls (Numida meleagris) supplemented with molasses through drinking water. A total of thirty-two (n=32) day-old pearl guinea fowls raised to 12-week-old were used for the study. The fowls were randomly allocated to two groups (control and experimental) of 16 fowls each, with each having two replicates. Experimental fowls were given 5 mL molasses per litre of drinking water for 8 weeks, while control fowls were given only drinking water. Performance indices which include: feed consumption, water intake and percentage weight gain were measured. Rectal temperature was measured and blood samples were collected to evaluate the changes in haematological parameters, serum triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) concentrations.  Results revealed that the molasses-treated fowls had significantly (P<0.05) higher percentage weight gain, blood total protein, packed cell volume and mean corpuscular volume compared to control. However, the feed consumptionwas significantly lower (P<0.05) in the molasses-treated fowls compared to control. In both groups, rectal temperature increased significantly (P<0.05) during the afternoon hours and was lower (P<0.05) in molasses-treated fowls than control during the evening hours. There was no significant difference in other haematological parameters, serum glucose, T4 and T3 betweengroups. In conclusion, molasses supplementation decreased feed consumption, improved body weight gain and enhanced nutritional status and erythropoiesis in guinea fowls.
The Improvement of Rumen Fermentation Products Through In-Vitro Supplementation of Mg and Co Minerals
Authors: Suhartati FM , Suryapratama Wardhana
Published: March 2023

A study has been conducted to examine the effect of Mg and Co supplementation on rumen fermentation products. The study was conducted in an in vitro experiment, applying completely randomized design, 3x3 factorial. The first factor was three levels of Mg (0; 7.5 and 15.0 mM), and three levels of Co (0; 0.03 and 0.06 mM) as the second factor, total 9 treatments each repeated three times, comprising 27 experimental units all together. In vitro incubation lasted for 4 hours. Variables measured were the concentrations of VFA, N-NH3 and protein synthesis of microbial rumen. Data were subject to analysis of variance and orthogonal polynomials test. The results showed an interaction effect between Mg and Co on the concentration of VFA, N-NH3 and protein synthesis of microbial rumen. The increasing supplementation of Mg at 0.06 mM Co increased VFA concentration; the highest concentration of N-NH3 was achieved by rumen fluid supplemented with 15.0 mM of Mg and 0.03 mM of Co. The highest protein synthesis of microbial rumen was achieved by the rumen fluid supplemented with 8.18 mM of Mg with no supplementation of Co.
Detoxification of Cadmium on Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus) with Natural Chelator of Fruiting Body Extract of Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Taufiq Hameda Dhaka Kusuma , Hernayanti Hernayanti , Ratnaningtyas Nuniek Ina
Published: March 2023

Cadmium is a heavy metal pollutant sourced from various industries and toxic to the kidneys. Cadmium exposure can be used natural chelator of ethanol extract of the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum. The aim of the study was to determine the effect and effective dose of the ethanolic extract of the fruiting body of G. lucidum on reducing the toxicity effect of cadmium in male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain. The research design was experimental research, which consisted of 5 treatment levels. The research parameters were blood cadmium, β2-microglobulin, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase levels. The ethanolic extract of fruiting body of G. lucidum was tested by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) to determine linalool as active compounds. The results of each parameter had a significant effect, which decreased blood cadmium, β2M and MDA levels, and increased SOD level that linear according to the addition of the dose of ethanol extract of the fruiting body of G. lucidum. Blood cadmium levels with β2M and MDA levels had a positive correlation, while blood cadmium levels with SOD levels had a negative correlation. The dominant compound detected was linalool which has potential as a radical scavenger. The dose of 750 mg.kgBW-1 is the effective dose of the ethanolic extract of fruiting body of G. lucidum based on a decrease in blood cadmium levels (54.10%), β2M (63.94%) and MDA (20.31%), as well as an increase in SOD levels (14.20%) compared to sick control.
Apex Method: A New Scalable Iterative Method for Linear Programming
Authors: Sokolinsky Leonid B. , Sokolinskaya Irina M.
Published: March 2023

The article presents a new scalable iterative method for linear programming called the “apex method”. The key feature of this method is constructing a path close to optimal on the surface of the feasible region from a certain starting point to the exact solution of linear programming problem. The optimal path refers to a path of minimum length according to the Euclidean metric. The apex method is based on the predictor-corrector framework and proceeds in two stages: quest (predictor) and target (corrector). The quest stage calculates a rough initial approximation of linear programming problem. The target stage refines the initial approximation with a given precision. The main operation used in the apex method is an operation that calculates the pseudoprojection, which is a generalization of the metric projection to a convex closed set. This operation is used both in the quest stage and in the target stage. A parallel algorithm using a Fejér mapping to compute the pseudoprojection is presented. An analytical estimation of the parallelism degree of this algorithm is obtained. Also, an algorithm implementing the target stage is given. The convergence of this algorithm is proven. An experimental study of the scalability of the apex method on a cluster computing system is described. The results of applying the apex method to solve problems from the Netlib-LP repository are presented.
GPT-4 vs. GPT-3.5: A Concise Showdown
Authors: Koubaa Anis
Published: March 2023

As the echoes of ChatGPT's remarkable success continue to permeate the AI community, its formidable successor, GPT-4, has emerged, showing off a wealth of novel features. In this concise paper, we elucidate the capabilities of GPT-4 and conduct a comparative analysis with its predecessor, ChatGPT, offering insights into their relative strengths and advancements in the rapidly evolving field of generative AI. We also present a comprehensive summary of the major performance results reported by OpenAI on GPT-4 across various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. We place great emphasis on the innovative advancements offered by GPT-4 in comparison to its predecessors. Our focus is on highlighting its remarkable performance while also mentioning its limitations. The purpose of this paper is to deliver a succinct understanding of the new features and performance benchmarks of GPT-4.
High Dietary Marula (Sclerocarya birrea subsp. caffra) Seed (nut) Cake Induces Detrimental Effects on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Immuno-Physiology of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Mthana Makiwa Simeon , Mthiyane Doctor Mziwenkosi Nhlanhla , Onwudiwe Damian Chinedu , Mwanza Mulunda
Published: March 2023

In a completely randomized design (CRD), 400 day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly allotted to 5 diets with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% MSC, each with 8 replicates of 10. Weekly feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) were calculated whilst haemato-biochemistry was measured at d42. Overall, FI was linearly (P < 0.05) and quadratically (P < 0.01) decreased by MSC, of which the optimum inclusion was 15%, as BWG was linearly (P < 0.001) and quadratically (P < 0.05) decreased and FCE linearly decreased (P < 0.01) by MSC, of which the optimum dietary inclusion was 10%. Also, MSC linearly and quadratically decreased slaughter weight (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively), hot carcass weight (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) and cold carcass weight (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). Similarly, it linearly decreased white blood cells (P < 0.01) and lymphocytes (P < 0.05) as it linearly (P < 0.001) and quadratically (P < 0.01) decreased symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and linearly (P < 0.001) increased serum cholesterol. In conclusion, up to 10% MSC can be incorporated into broiler diets in replacement of SBM without adverse effects.
Advancements in Pediatric Cavovarus Foot Therapy
Authors: Arthur Vithran Djandan Tadum
Published: March 2023

The cavovarus deformity is characterized by a pathologic longitudinal arch elevation caused by a severe hindfoot varus and forefoot equinus deformity. This disorder includes multiple anomalies and therapies and affects 25% of the population. Cavus feet usually indicate neurologic illness, which affects sensory and motor nerves. Clinical and radiological evaluations are needed to establish each patient's optimum therapy. Failure to identify a neurologic illness may lead to inappropriate surgical treatment, recurrence, and reconstructive failure. In progressive anomalies, surgical procedures must be performed quickly in a phased protocol to prevent the malalignment from worsening. Soft tissue surgeries, osteotomies, and arthrodesis are surgical options for patients. To aid and lead practitioners in selecting the most appropriate therapy for their patients daily, we have included the most common therapeutic options currently available in this article.