bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Soil Properties with Hyperspectral Data: Selecting Spectral Variables with Different Methods to Improve Accuracies and Analyze Prediction Mechanisms
Authors: Vohland Michael , Ludwig Marie , Thiele-Bruhn Sören , Ludwig Bernard
Published: October 2017

We explored the potentials of both non-imaging laboratory and airborne imaging spectroscopy to assess arable soil quality indicators. We focused on microbial biomass-C (MBC) and hot water-extractable C (HWEC), complemented by organic carbon (OC) and nitrogen (N) as well-studied spectrally active parameters. The aggregation of different spectral variable selection strategies was used to analyze benefits for reachable estimation accuracies and to explore spectral predictive mechanisms for MBC and HWEC. With selected variables, quantification accuracies improved markedly for MBC (laboratory: RPD = 2.32 instead of 1.33 with full spectra; airborne: 2.35 instead of 1.80) and OC (laboratory: RPD = 3.08 instead of 2.36; airborne: 2.20 instead of 1.94). Patterns of selected variables indicated similarities between HWEC and OC, but significant differences between all other soil variables. This agreed to our results of indirect approaches in which both (i) wet-chemical data of OC and N and (ii) spectra fitted to measured OC and N values were used to estimate MBC and HWEC. Compared to these approaches, we found marked benefits of laboratory and airborne data for a direct spectral quantification of MBC (but not for HWEC). This suggests specificity of spectra for MBC, usable for the determination of this important soil parameter.
Detection of Informal Settlements from VHR Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Mboga Nicholus , Persello Claudio , Bergado John , Stein Alfred
Published: October 2017

Information about the location and extent of informal settlements is necessary to guide decision making and resource allocation for their upgrading. Very high resolution (VHR) satellite images can provide this useful information, however, different urban settlement types are hard to be automatically discriminated and extracted from VHR imagery, because of their abstract semantic class definition. State-of-the-art classification techniques rely on hand-engineering spatial-contextual features to improve the classification results of pixel-based methods. In this paper, we propose to use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for learning discriminative spatial features, and perform automatic detection of informal settlements. The experimental analysis is carried out on a QuickBird image acquired over Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The proposed technique is compared against support vector machines (SVMs) using texture features extracted from grey level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and local binary patterns (LBP), which result in accuracies of 86.65% and 90.48%, respectively. CNN leads to better classification, resulting in an overall accuracy of 91.71%. A sensitivity analysis shows that deeper networks result in higher accuracies when large training sets are used. The study concludes that training CNN in an end-to-end fashion can automatically learn spatial features from the data that are capable of discriminating complex urban land use classes.
An Adaptive Transmitting Scheme for Interrupted Sampling Repeater Jamming Suppression
Authors: Zhou Chao , Liu Feifeng , Liu Quanhua
Published: October 2017

The interrupted sampling repeater jamming (ISRJ) based on a digital radio frequency memory (DRFM) device is a new type of coherent jamming. This kind of jamming usually occurs as main-lobe jamming and has the advantages of low power requirements and easy parameter adjustment, posing a serious threat to the modern radar systems. In order to suppress the ISRJ, this paper proposes an adaptive transmitting scheme based on a phase-coded signal. The scheme firstly performs jamming perception to estimate the jamming parameters, then, on this basis, optimizes the waveform with genetic algorithm. With the optimized waveform, the jamming signal is orthogonal to the target echo, thus it can be easily suppressed with pulse compression. Simulation experiments are performed to verify the effectiveness of the scheme and the results suggest that the peak-to-side-lobe ratio (PSR) and integrated side-lobe level (ISL) of the pulse compression can be improved by about 16 dB and 15 dB, respectively, for the case where the jamming-to-signal ratio (JSR) is 13 dB.
A Laboratory Experimental Study: An FBG-PVC Tube Integrated Device for Monitoring the Slip Surface of Landslides
Authors: Wang Kai , Zhang Shaojie , Chen Jiang , Teng Pengxiao , Wei Fangqiang , Chen Qiao
Published: October 2017

A new detection device was designed by integrating fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tube in order to monitor the slip surface of a landslide. Using this new FBG-based device, a corresponding slope model with a pre-set slip surface was designed, and seven tests with different soil properties were carried out in laboratory conditions. The FBG sensing fibers were fixed on the PVC tube to measure strain distributions of PVC tube at different elevation. Test results indicated that the PVC tube could keep deformation compatible with soil mass. The new device was able to monitor slip surface location before sliding occurrence, and the location of monitored slip surface was about 1–2 cm above the pre-set slip surface, which basically agreed with presupposition results. The monitoring results are expected to be used to pre-estimate landslide volume and provide a beneficial option for evaluating the potential impact of landslides on shipping safety in the Three Gorges area.
High-Order Modes Micro-Knot Excited by a Long-Period Fiber Grating
Authors: Shahal Shir , Duadi Hamootal , Fridman Moti
Published: October 2017

We suggest a fiber micro-knot fabricated on a long-period fiber grating. The long-period fiber grating excites high-order modes into the micro-knot and transfers the output back to the Gaussian mode. We show theoretically and experimentally that these micro-knots have an improved Q-factor, higher stability, and have an increased evanescence wave coupling to the environment than single mode fiber micro-knots. These high-order fiber micro-knots can be beneficial for various fiber detectors and optical data processing systems.
Extrinsic Parameter Calibration for Line Scanning Cameras on Ground Vehicles with Navigation Systems Using a Calibration Pattern
Authors: Wendel Alexander , Underwood James
Published: October 2017

Line scanning cameras, which capture only a single line of pixels, have been increasingly used in ground based mobile or robotic platforms. In applications where it is advantageous to directly georeference the camera data to world coordinates, an accurate estimate of the camera’s 6D pose is required. This paper focuses on the common case where a mobile platform is equipped with a rigidly mounted line scanning camera, whose pose is unknown, and a navigation system providing vehicle body pose estimates. We propose a novel method that estimates the camera’s pose relative to the navigation system. The approach involves imaging and manually labelling a calibration pattern with distinctly identifiable points, triangulating these points from camera and navigation system data and reprojecting them in order to compute a likelihood, which is maximised to estimate the 6D camera pose. Additionally, a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is used to estimate the uncertainty of the offset. Tested on two different platforms, the method was able to estimate the pose to within 0.06 m/1.05 ∘ and 0.18 m/2.39 ∘ . We also propose several approaches to displaying and interpreting the 6D results in a human readable way.
Still Troubled: Tunisia’s Youth During and Since the Revolution of 2011
Authors: Roberts Ken , Kovacheva Siyka , Kabaivanov Stanimir
Published: October 2017

This paper presents evidence from interviews in 2015–2016 with a nationally representative sample of Tunisia’s 15–29 year olds. We focus on the sample’s political participation and orientations during the revolution of 2011 and subsequently. We find that just 6.6 percent of those aged 15–24 at the time played any direct part in the ‘events of 2011’. Political engagement then and subsequently is shown to have been influenced most strongly by a university education and growing up in a politically engaged family. In 2015–2016, young people were overwhelmingly pro-democracy, supported equal opportunities and status for the sexes, and endorsed values of self-expression, but attached equal importance to economic security and betterment, felt that their country’s traditions should be maintained and respected, and were personally religious, though three-quarters wanted religion to be kept out of politics and government. Although Tunisia is the sole Arab Spring country to emerge with a still functioning (in 2017) multi-party democracy, we find that in 2015–2016, the majority of young people did not trust their elected politicians. Our survey findings suggest explanations for the paradox between young Tunisians’ overwhelming support for democracy alongside intense disappointment with the outcomes.
The Impact of Syrian Refugees on the Turkish Economy: Regional Labour Market Effects
Authors: Esen Oğuz , Oğuş Binatlı Ayla
Published: October 2017

The Syrian civil war resulted in mass migration out of Syria into the neighboring countries. Turkey has received the greatest number of refugees from Syria. The Syrian refugees mostly initially settled in refugee camps in Southeastern Turkey. As the Syrian conflict intensified and lengthened, the number of Syrian refugees in Turkey increased and the Syrian population started to reside in the neighboring provinces and started to have important effects on the local economy. In 2016, Syrian refugees were allowed to receive work permits and they became more dispersed geographically. This paper investigates the impact of Syrian refugees on regional labour markets. Panel data for the years 2004 through 2016 is utilized for 26 regions in Turkey. Syrian refugees are found to increase unemployment and decrease informal and formal employment.
Assessing the Impact of Renewable Energy on Regional Sustainability—A Comparative Study of Sogn og Fjordane (Norway) and Okinawa (Japan)
Authors: Schwanitz Valeria , Wierling August , Shah Payal
Published: October 2017

The drive to expand renewable energies is often in direct conflict with sustainable development goals. Thus, it is important that energy policies account for potential trade-offs. We assess the interlinkages between energy, food, water and land, for two case studies, Okinawa and Sogn og Fjordane. We apply a range of assessment methods and study their usefulness as tools to identify trade-offs and to compare the sustainability performance. We calculate cross-sectoral footprints, self-sufficiency ratios and perform a simplified Energy-Water-Food nexus analysis. We use the latter for assessing scenarios to increase energy and food self-sufficiency in Okinawa, while we use ecosystem service (ESS) accounting for Sogn og Fjordane. For Okinawa, we find that constraints on the energy, food and water sectors urgently call for integrated approaches to energy policy; for Sogn og Fjordane, the further expansion of renewables comes at the expense of cultural and supporting ESS, which could outweigh gains from increased energy exports. We recommend a general upgrade to indicators and visualization methods that look beyond averages and a fostering of infrastructure for data on sustainable development based on harmonized international protocols. We warn against rankings of countries or regions based on benchmarks that are neither theory-driven nor location-specific.
Fashion Trendsetting, Creative Traits and Behaviors, and Pro-Environmental Behaviors: Comparing Korean and U.S. College Students
Authors: Workman Jane , Lee Seung-Hee , Jung Kwangho
Published: October 2017

According to Hofstede’s theory of cultural dimensions, cultures differ in cultural values and norms; values and norms that may influence differences in trendsetting, creative traits, and behaviors, and pro-environmental behaviors. Further, because men and women have been socialized within particular cultures, gender differences may exist in trendsetting, creative traits and behaviors, and pro-environmental behaviors. Trendsetters have characteristics that are interrelated with creative traits and behaviors, perhaps inclining them to endorse pro-environmental behaviors. However, the interrelationships among these variables remain unexplored. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine these three variables among college students in South Korea and the United States (U.S.), specifically looking at cultural and gender differences. Participants were 225 Korean college students and 221 U.S. college students. Questionnaires included demographic items and scales measuring trendsetting, creative traits and behaviors, and pro-environmental behaviors. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s alpha reliability, MANOVA, ANOVA, and SNK posthoc test. Results show that U.S. (vs. Korean) students indicated greater trendsetting and creative traits and behaviors but not greater pro-environmental behaviors. Fashion trendsetting groups in both Korea and the U.S. differed in creative traits and behaviors and pro-environmental behaviors. Among Korean trendsetting groups, reluctant adopters scored lowest on creative traits and behaviors and pro-environmental behaviors. Among U.S. trendsetting groups, trendsetters the scored highest on creative traits and behaviors and pro-environmental behaviors; reluctant adopters scored lowest on pro-environmental behaviors. Theoretical and practical implications are provided for researchers and marketers.
Cultural Centre, Destination Cultural Offer and Visitor Satisfaction
Authors: Zeng Benxiang
Published: October 2017

This paper aims to establish the link between tourists’ perceptions on cultural offers and their overall satisfaction, and explore the implication of this link for sustainable tourist destination management. Assessing online customers’ reviews, this study identifies a positive correlation between visitors’ perspectives and experiences at the on-site cultural centre and visitors’ destination satisfaction. It suggests that the on-site cultural centre plays a critical role in building up visitors’ perception on cultural attributes of the destination, and its impact on visitor satisfaction is a double-edged sword. Visitors’ positive perspectives on the cultural centre enhance visitors’ experiences and contribute to their destination satisfaction; however, not only does a negative perspective on their cultural and spiritual experience compromise visitors’ satisfaction, but also subsequent negative online reviews damage the destination image and discourage visitor return/visit. The findings help destination management organisations to better understand visitors’ preference for cultural centres and therefore to improve visitors’ cultural experience. This paper appeals for further study of on-site cultural centres’ role in forming destination cultural attributes, and of social media’s potential in enriching cultural experience.
Distributed Manufacturing of Flexible Products: Technical Feasibility and Economic Viability
Authors: Woern Aubrey , Pearce Joshua
Published: October 2017

Distributed manufacturing even at the household level is now well established with the combined use of open source designs and self-replicating rapid prototyper (RepRap) 3-D printers. Previous work has shown substantial economic consumer benefits for producing their own polymer products. Now flexible filaments are available at roughly 3-times the cost of more conventional 3-D printing materials. To provide some insight into the potential for flexible filament to be both technically feasible and economically viable for distributed digital manufacturing at the consumer level this study investigates 20 common flexible household products. The 3-D printed products were quantified by print time, electrical energy use and filament consumption by mass to determine the cost to fabricate with a commercial RepRap 3-D printer. Printed parts were inspected and when necessary tested for their targeted application to ensure technical feasibility. Then, the experimentally measured cost to DIY manufacturers was compared to low and high market prices for comparable commercially available products. In addition, the mark-up and potential for long-term price declines was estimated for flexible filaments by converting thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) pellets into filament and reground TPE from a local recycling center into filament using an open source recyclebot. This study found that commercial flexible filament is economically as well as technically feasible for providing a means of distributed home-scale manufacturing of flexible products. The results found a 75% savings when compared to the least expensive commercially equivalent products and 92% when compared to high market priced products. Roughly, 160 flexible objects must be substituted to recover the capital costs to print flexible materials. However, as previous work has shown the Lulzbot Mini 3-D printer used in this study would provide more than a 100% ROI printing one object a week from hard thermoplastics, the upgrade needed to provide flexible filament capabilities can be accomplished with 37 average substitution flexible prints. This, again easily provides a triple digit return on investment printing one product a week. Although these savings, which are created by printing objects at home are substantial, the results also have shown the savings could be further increased to 93% when the use of a pellet extruder and TPE pellets, and 99% if recycled TPE filament made with a recyclebot is used. The capital costs of a recyclebot can be recovered in the manufacturing of about 9 kg of TPE filament, which can be accomplished in less than a week, enabling improved environmental impact as well as a strong financial return for heavy 3-D printer users.
Nano-Aptasensing in Mycotoxin Analysis: Recent Updates and Progress
Authors: Rhouati Amina , Bulbul Gonca , Latif Usman , Hayat Akhtar , Li Zhan-Hong , Marty Jean
Published: October 2017

Recent years have witnessed an overwhelming integration of nanomaterials in the fabrication of biosensors. Nanomaterials have been incorporated with the objective to achieve better analytical figures of merit in terms of limit of detection, linear range, assays stability, low production cost, etc. Nanomaterials can act as immobilization support, signal amplifier, mediator and artificial enzyme label in the construction of aptasensors. We aim in this work to review the recent progress in mycotoxin analysis. This review emphasizes on the function of the different nanomaterials in aptasensors architecture. We subsequently relate their features to the analytical performance of the given aptasensor towards mycotoxins monitoring. In the same context, a critically analysis and level of success for each nano-aptasensing design will be discussed. Finally, current challenges in nano-aptasensing design for mycotoxin analysis will be highlighted.
Higher Spin Matrix Models
Authors: Valenzuela Mauricio
Published: October 2017

We propose a hybrid class of theories for higher spin gravity and matrix models, i.e., which handle simultaneously higher spin gravity fields and matrix models. The construction is similar to Vasiliev’s higher spin gravity, but part of the equations of motion are provided by the action principle of a matrix model. In particular, we construct a higher spin (gravity) matrix model related to type IIB matrix models/string theory that have a well defined classical limit, and which is compatible with higher spin gravity in A d S space. As it has been suggested that higher spin gravity should be related to string theory in a high energy (tensionless) regime, and, therefore to M-Theory, we expect that our construction will be useful to explore concrete connections.
Heterotrophic Nitrification-Aerobic Denitrification Performance of Strain Y-12 under Low Temperature and High Concentration of Inorganic Nitrogen Conditions
Authors: Ye Qing , Li Kaili , Li Zhenlun , Xu Yi , He Tengxia , Tang Wenhao , Xiang Shudi
Published: October 2017

An aerobic nitrite-denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas putida Y-12 was used to remove sole and mixed nitrogen sources at 15 °C. When strain Y-12 was incubated for 4 days with a sole nitrogen source and initial NH4+-N, NO3−-N, and NO2−-N concentrations of 208.1, 204.7, and 199.0 mg/L, respectively, the removal ratios of NH4+-N, NO3−-N, and NO2−-N were 98.8, 73.6, and 77.1%, respectively. The average removal rates of NH4+-N, NO3−-N, and NO2−-N reached 2.14, 1.57, and 1.60 mg/L/h, respectively. Intermediate products (NO3−-N and NO2−-N) were detected at a low level. Total nitrogen removal was mainly achieved during the stationary phase in the denitrification process. All the results indicated that strain Y-12 could perform heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification at 15 °C, which was beneficial for future applications in wastewater treatment at low temperatures.
Effective Use of Ensemble Numerical Weather Predictions in Taiwan by Means of a SOM-Based Cluster Analysis Technique
Authors: Wu Ming-Chang , Hong Jing-Shan , Hsiao Ling-Feng , Hsu Li-Huan , Wang Chieh-Ju
Published: October 2017

Typhoon rainfall is one of the most important water resources in Taiwan. However, heavy rainfall during typhoons often leads to serious disasters. Therefore, accurate typhoon rainfall forecasts are always desired for water resources managers and disaster warning systems. In this study, the quantitative rainfall forecasts from an ensemble numerical weather prediction system in Taiwan are used. Furthermore, a novel strategy, which is based on the use of a self-organizing map (SOM) based cluster analysis technique, is proposed to integrate these ensemble forecasts. By means of the SOM-based cluster analysis technique, ensemble forecasts that have similar features are clustered. That is helpful for users to effectively combine these ensemble forecasts for providing better typhoon rainfall forecasts. To clearly demonstrate the advantage of the proposed strategy, actual application is conducted during five typhoon events. The results indicate that the ensemble rainfall forecasts from numerical weather prediction models are well categorized by the SOM-based cluster analysis technique. Moreover, the integrated typhoon rainfall forecasts resulting from the proposed strategy are more accurate when compared to those from the conventional method (i.e., the ensemble mean of all forecasts). In conclusion, the proposed strategy provides improved forecasts of typhoon rainfall. The improved quantitative rainfall forecasts are expected to be useful to support disaster warning systems as well as water resources management systems during typhoons.
Dissociative electron attachment to coordination complexes of chromium: chromium(0) hexacarbonyl and benzene-chromium(0) tricarbonyl
Authors: Kopyra Janina , Maciejewska Paulina , Maljković Jelena
Published: October 2017

Here we report the results of dissociative electron attachment (DEA) to gas-phase chromium(0) hexacarbonyl (Cr(CO)6) and benzene-chromium(0) tricarbonyl ((η6-C6H6)Cr(CO)3) in the energy range of 0–12 eV. Measurements have been performed utilizing an electron-molecular crossed beam setup. It was found that DEA to Cr(CO)6 results (under the given experimental conditions) in the formation of three fragment anions, namely [Cr(CO)5]−, [Cr(CO)4]−, and [Cr(CO)3]−. The predominant reaction channel is the formation of [Cr(CO)5]− due to the loss of one CO ligand from the transient negative ion. The [Cr(CO)5]− channel is visible via two overlapping resonant structures appearing in the energy range below 1.5 eV with a dominant structure peaking at around 0 eV. The peak maxima of the fragments generated by the loss of two or three CO ligands are blue-shifted and the most intense peaks within the ion yield curves appear at 1.4 eV and 4.7 eV, respectively. (η6-C6H6)Cr(CO)3 shows a very rich fragmentation pattern with decomposition leading to the formation of seven fragment anions. Three of them are generated from the cleavage of one, two or three CO ligand(s). The energy of the peak maxima of the [(C6H6)Cr(CO)2]–, [(C6H6)Cr(CO)]–, and [(C6H6)Cr]− fragments is shifted towards higher energy with respect to the position of the respective fragments generated from Cr(CO)6. This phenomenon is most likely caused by the fact that chromium–carbonyl bonds are stronger in the heteroleptic complex (η6-C6H6)Cr(CO)3 than in homoleptic Cr(CO)6. Besides, we have observed the formation of anions due to the loss of C6H6 and one or more CO units. Finally, we found that Cr−, when stripped of all ligands, is generated through a high-energy resonance, peaking at 8 eV.
Comparative profiling of well-defined copper reagents and precursors for the trifluoromethylation of aryl iodides
Authors: Kaplan Peter T , Lloyd Jessica A , Chin Mason T , Vicic David A
Published: October 2017

A number of copper reagents were compared for their effectiveness in trifluoromethylating 4-iodobiphenyl, 4-iodotoluene, and 2-iodotoluene. Yields over time were plotted in order to refine our understanding of each reagent performance, identify any bottlenecks, and provide more insight into the rates of the reactions. Interestingly, differences in reactivity were observed when a well-defined [LCuCF3] complex was employed directly or generated in situ from precursors by published reports. Relative reactivities were also found to highly dependent on the nature of the iodoarenes.
Synthesis and photophysical properties of novel benzophospholo[3,2-b]indole derivatives
Authors: Matsumura Mio , Yamada Mizuki , Muranaka Atsuya , Kanai Misae , Kakusawa Naoki , Hashizume Daisuke , Uchiyama Masanobu , Yasuike Shuji
Published: October 2017

The parent benzophospholo[3,2-b]indole was prepared by the reaction of dichlorophenylphosphine with a dilithium intermediate, which was prepared in two steps from 2-ethynyl-N,N-dimethylaniline. Using the obtained benzophosphole-fused indole as a common starting material, simple modifications were carried out at the phosphorus center of the phosphole, synthesizing various functionalized analogs. The X-ray structure analysis of trivalent phosphole and phosphine oxide showed that the fused tetracyclic moieties are planar. The benzophosphole-fused indoles, such as phosphine oxide, phospholium salt, and borane complex, exhibited strong photoluminescence in dichloromethane (Φ = 67–75%).
Physical Origins of Gas Motions in Galaxy Cluster Cores: Interpreting Hitomi Observations of the Perseus Cluster
Authors: Lau Erwin T. , Gaspari Massimo , Nagai Daisuke , Coppi Paolo
Published: October 2017

The Hitomi X-ray satellite has provided the first direct measurements of the plasma velocity dispersion in a galaxy cluster. It finds a relatively “quiescent” gas with a line-of-sight velocity dispersion

σ

v
,
los

≃
160

km

s

−
1

, at 30–60 kpc from the cluster center. This is surprising given the presence of jets and X-ray cavities that indicates on-going activity and feedback from the active galactic nucleus (AGN) at the cluster center. Using a set of mock Hitomi observations generated from a suite of state-of-the-art cosmological cluster simulations, and an isolated but higher resolution simulation of gas physics in the cluster core, including the effects of cooling and AGN feedback, we examine the likelihood of Hitomi detecting a cluster with the observed velocities. As long as the Perseus has not experienced a major merger in the last few gigayears, and AGN feedback is operating in a “‘gentle” mode, we reproduce the level of gas motions observed by Hitomi. The frequent mechanical AGN feedback generates net line-of-sight velocity dispersions

∼
100
–
200

km

s

−
1

, bracketing the values measured in the Perseus core. The large-scale velocity shear observed across the core, on the other hand, is generated mainly by cosmic accretion such as mergers. We discuss the implications of these results for AGN feedback physics and cluster cosmology and progress that needs to be made in both simulations and observations, including a Hitomi re-flight and calorimeter-based instruments with higher spatial resolution.
Foreground and Sensitivity Analysis for Broadband (2D) 21 cm–Lyα and 21 cm–Hα Correlation Experiments Probing the Epoch of Reionization
Authors: Neben Abraham R. , Stalder Brian , Hewitt Jacqueline N. , Tonry John L.
Published: October 2017

A detection of the predicted anticorrelation between 21 cm and either Lyα or Hα from the epoch of reionization (EOR) would be a powerful probe of the first galaxies. While 3D intensity maps isolate foregrounds in low-

k

∥

modes, infrared surveys cannot yet match the field of view and redshift resolution of radio intensity mapping experiments. In contrast, 2D (i.e., broadband) infrared intensity maps can be measured with current experiments and are limited by foregrounds instead of photon or thermal noise. We show that 2D experiments can measure most of the 3D fluctuation power at

k
<
0.2

Mpc−1 while preserving its correlation properties. However, we show that foregrounds pose two challenges: (1) simple geometric effects produce percent-level correlations between radio and infrared fluxes, even if their luminosities are uncorrelated; and (2) radio and infrared foreground residuals contribute sample variance noise to the cross spectrum. The first challenge demands better foreground masking and subtraction, while the second demands large fields of view to average away uncorrelated radio and infrared power. Using radio observations from the Murchison Widefield Array and near-infrared observations from the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System, we set an upper limit on residual foregrounds of the 21 cm–Lyα cross-power spectrum at

z
∼
7

of

Δ

2

<
181

(

kJy sr

−
1

mK
)

(95%) at

ℓ
∼
800

. We predict levels of foreground correlation and sample variance noise in future experiments, showing that higher-resolution surveys such as LOFAR, SKA-LOW, and the Dark Energy Survey can start to probe models of the 21 cm–Lyα EOR cross spectrum.
Propriété et souverainetés impériale et nationale dans la Méditerranée orientale de l’entre-deux-guerres
Authors: Rappas Alexis
Published: October 2017

Une riche historiographie internationale a mis en lumière le rôle des violences intercommunautaires, des transferts de population et de la redistribution massive de propriétés dans la consolidation des identités nationales dans les États successeurs de l’Empire ottoman pendant l’entre-deux-guerres. En dépit de précautions analytiques, l’essentiel de ces études offre une représentation statocentrée de la nationalisation des appartenances en Méditerranée orientale. Cet article revisite ce récit en s’appuyant sur les démarches entamées par des chrétiens orthodoxes et des musulmans contestant les identités politiques qui leur sont assignées suite au traité gréco-turc de Lausanne de 1923, dans le but de préserver leurs propriétés. Établis dans le Dodécanèse alors sous administration italienne, ces acteurs s’appuient sur les anxiétés coloniales des autorités fascistes concernant leur souveraineté contestée sur cet archipel récemment occupé (1912) et sur la volonté du gouvernement mussolinien de renforcer l’influence de l’Italie dans la région. Ce faisant ils deviennent co-concepteurs d’une nouvelle citoyenneté « égéenne » ou « italienne mineure » qui les place au sommet de la hiérarchie coloniale italienne. Cet article montre la mise en œuvre de « translocalités » au sens où il remet en cause la correspondance axiomatique entre identité politique et territoire en vigueur dans la théorie de la nationalisation des appartenances dans la Méditerranée orientale de l’entre-deux-guerres. Dans la mesure où le gouvernement italien utilise un répertoire national plus qu’« impérial » pour défendre les intérêts de ses sujets coloniaux, l’article questionne également l’opposition normative entre « empire colonial » et « nation » comme deux formations politiques incommensurables l’une à l’autre.
Reducing Stereotyping When Developing Leaders
Authors: Bleich Michael R.
Published: October 2017

Stereotyping is a human condition. When it leads to identifying contingencies—factors that inhibit or advance leadership capacity—it threatens leaders' abilities and performance. Professional development educators are called to awareness of unintentional bias that can affect the predicaments aligned with stereotyping and foster a learning culture that advances trust and hope. The impact of marginalization, segregation, and underrepresentation of individuals in health care settings is presented.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(11):492–493.
Using the ARCC Model to Implement the 2015 ANCC COA Criteria: A North Carolina Public Health Nursing Project
Authors: Little Susan H. , Dickerson Pamela S. , Randolph Greg , Rocco Phyllis , Short Nancy
Published: October 2017

In July 2015, the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation released updated criteria for continuing nursing education, including updates to the Education Design Process. The primary nurse planner in the Public Health Nursing Approved Provider Unit in North Carolina's Division of Public Health applied the advancing research and clinical practice through close collaboration model and quality improvement strategies to facilitate the adoption and implementation of the 2015 criteria. This article describes an innovative approach to implementation using an evidence-based practice model and quality improvement tools and provides data regarding nurse planners' knowledge of accreditation criteria and role comfort during the first 6 months of implementation.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(11):501–507.
Language Sensitivity, the RESPECT Model, and Continuing Education
Authors: Aycock Dawn M. , Sims Traci T. , Florman Terri , Casseus Karis T. , Gordon Paula M. , Spratling Regena G.
Published: October 2017

Some words and phrases used by health care providers may be perceived as insensitive by patients, which could negatively affect patient outcomes and satisfaction. However, a distinct concept that can be used to describe and synthesize these words and phrases does not exist. The purpose of this article is to propose the concept of
language sensitivity
, defined as the use of respectful, supportive, and caring words with consideration for a patient's situation and diagnosis. Examples of how language sensitivity may be lacking in nurse–patient interactions are described, and solutions are provided using the RESPECT (
R
apport,
E
nvironment/Equipment,
S
afety,
P
rivacy,
E
ncouragement,
C
aring/Compassion, and
T
act) model. RESPECT can be used as a framework to inform and remind nurses about the importance of sensitivity when communicating with patients. Various approaches can be used by nurse educators to promote language sensitivity in health care. Case studies and a lesson plan are included.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(11):517–524.
Development of a Virtual Crew Resource Management Training Program to Improve Communication
Authors: Tschannen Dana
Published: October 2017

Crew Resource Management (CRM), a method focused on the management of human error and risk reduction, has shown promise in reducing communication failure in health care. The purpose of this project was to develop a virtual training program in CRM principles of effective leadership and followership, and evaluate the applicability to nurses working in the hospital setting. The intervention included the development of a virtual CRM training program consisting of a self-learning module and virtual simulation. Beta testing of the module was conducted by six nurses, followed by an evaluation of the training program by nurses (
n
= 5) in a general medicine department. Nurses reported the overall program to be worthwhile (
X̄
= 5;
SD
= 0.5), with great applicability to nursing care (
X̄
= 4.5,
SD
= 0.5). Nurses completing the simulation activity reported strong agreement to CRM applicability and training effectiveness. The CRM training module proved to be applicable to nursing care and is ready for widespread use to improve patient care and communication.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(11):525–532.
Overcoming Seasonal Affective Disorder
Authors: Leahy Laura G.
Published: October 2017

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) significantly impacts the lives of individuals around the world. The mood fluctuations that occur are not only exhibited during the winter months but also during the spring and summer. The key to identifying SAD is the distinct seasonal onset and spontaneous remission of symptoms over the course of a season. Nurses are in a unique position to identify the symptoms of SAD and offer treatment recommendations to reduce the negative impact of these seasonal mood fluctuations. As holistic health care practitioners, nurses provide patient education regarding healthy lifestyle interventions, which can aid in minimizing the disruptive symptoms of SAD. Advanced practice nurses can offer pharmacotherapy interventions to address symptoms contributing to the individual's inability to function across domains—individual, family, and social. Finally, after reading the article, nurses of all disciplines will have a better understanding of the evidence-based bright light therapy (also known as light box therapy) and how to incorporate this treatment when caring for patients with SAD. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 55
(11), 10–14.]
Psychiatric Nursing's Role in Child Abuse: Prevention, Recognition, and Treatment
Authors: Ellington Erin
Published: October 2017

Child abuse affects hundreds of thousands of children in the United States each year. The effects from maltreatment extend beyond the physical injuries—the lasting effects on the child's mental health can be lifelong. Psychiatric nurses have a vital role to play in the prevention, recognition, and treatment of child abuse. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 55
(11), 16–20.]
Palm Vein Recognition System Based on Derived Pattern and Feature Vectors
Authors: Lawal Aderonke , Aina Segun , Okegbile Samuel , Ayeni Seun , Omole Dare , Oluwaranti Adeniran Ishola
Published: October 2017

Biometrics is a technology for recognition under which Palm vein recognition stems. They are of crucial importance in various applications of high sensitivity. This article develops a palm vein recognition model, based on derived pattern and feature vectors. All the palm print images used in this work were obtained from CASIA Multi-Spectral Palmprint Image Database V1.0 (CASIA database). First, a Region of Interest (ROI) was identified and extracted from the palm print images. Next, Histogram Equalization was used to enhance the area of the palm print image in the Region of Interest. The enhanced image obtained was subjected to the Zhang Suen's Thinning Algorithm to extract appropriate features in the palm print images needed for authentication. The features derived based on this vascular pattern thinning algorithm which are then compared and evaluated to carry out ‘matching'. The Pattern Matching itself was done using the Euclidean Distance for subsequent matching. The model was designed using UML, and implemented with C# and MS SQL on Microsoft Visual Studio platform. The developed system was evaluated based on False Acceptance, False Rejection and Equal Error Rate (EER) values obtained from the system. The results of testing and evaluation show that the developed system has achieved high recognition accuracy.
Debranding Digital Identity
Authors: Weisgerber Corinne , Butler Shannan Heath
Published: October 2017

This article explores the rhetoric of empowerment surrounding the recent phenomenon of personal branding and calls into question the idea that personal identities can and should be managed through corporate marketing processes in a Web 2.0 world. Starting with an examination of the historical basis of the personal branding movement and a critical analysis of the branding metaphor, the article then proceeds to show how the three stages of the conventional branding process on which most personal branding advice is based on, provide an inadequate framework for understanding the complex nature of identity work in a networked age.
Perceived Stigma, Social Identity, and Group Norms as Predictors of Prosocial Giving in a Fandom
Authors: Chadborn Daniel P. , Plante Courtney N. , Reysen Stephen
Published: October 2017

People engage in helping behavior for a variety of reasons. Currently unstudied, however, is the role that group stigmatization may play in motivating this helping behavior. Increased perceptions or feelings of stigma have been shown to increase identification with one's group identity through the rejection-identification model. Other research shows that group identification is associated with greater adherence to group norms, specifically, injunctive norms. If a group's norms are prosocial ones, it therefore follows that group stigma should be associated with prosocial behavior. The authors propose and test this model in this article relating to the perceived stigma to prosocial behavior in a rarely-studied, highly-stigmatized fan community with strong prosocial norms: fans of My Little Pony. Serial mediation analysis supports this model. Implications and directions for future research in light of these findings are discussed.
Viewing Alone or Together
Authors: Kim Jihyun , Timmerman C. Erik
Published: October 2017

Online sexually explicit materials (SEM) may be viewed in various viewing contexts (e.g., alone, with friends, with a partner). However, research has not yet determined whether the viewing context can have an impact upon sexual attitudes and perceptions. To this end, data were collected from 303 college students who view SEM and analyzed to determine the relationships. When controlling for gender, findings indicate that individuals who more frequently view SEM alone also report a heightened sexual interest and favorable view toward casual sex. In contrast, the frequency with which SEM was viewed with friends was associated with a decreased sexual interest. Finally, the frequency with which individuals view SEM with a partner is negatively associated with beliefs about the importance of condom use. The paper concludes with discussion of these findings as well as directions for future research.
The Role of Market-Orientation on the Financial Statements of Insurance Companies
Authors: Khoshku Rahman , Farahani Tayyebeh
Published: October 2017

The present study examines the relationship between market-orientation and its indices on the financial statements (and indices) in Tehran's Asian Insurance companies. The results showed that direct and inverse relationships can be seen between customer-orientation, competitor-orientation and coordination of performance as market-orientation with market share, sales volume and profitability of a company's financial statements as indices. Therefore, it is recommended to companies to reinforce indices such as customer-orientation and coordination of performance that are positively correlated with all indices of financial statements in order to increase the financial statements.
Mechanical Strength Of Nafion®/ZrO2 Nano-Composite Membrane
Authors: Sigwadi Rudzani , Ṋemavhola Fulufhelo , Dhlamini Simon , Mokrani Touhani
Published: October 2017

The mechanical stability of modified membranes has become a priority for fuel cell applications as the membranes must endure all the fuel cell operations (to prevent crossover of the fuel while still conducting). Their mechanical stress and yielding stress in the recast and impregnation methods compared with the commercial Nafion® membrane were observed under tensile tests. The modulus of elasticity of wet commercial Nafion117 membrane, Nafion®/ Zr-0, Nafion®/Zr-50 and Nafion®/ Zr-80 membranes and Nafion®/ Zr-100 nano-composite membrane using impregnation methods in the region between 0 and 0.23 strain were determined to be 4817.5 kPa, 2434.7 kPa, 1872.4 kPa, 2092.1 kPa and 2661.4 kPa respectively. The tensile strength of the dry nano-composite membrane prepared using the recast method is higher than the wet nano-composite membrane prepared using the recast methods. It was found that the impregnation method plays an important role in strengthening the nan-composite membranes.
Permission Request Pattern Recognition in Android Malware Applications
Authors: Ben Ayed Ahmed
Published: October 2017

This article discusses that smartphone systems have known a huge evolution in terms of their capacities and functionalities. Therefore, they are used extensively for professional and personal work. Since smartphones became popular, cybercriminals and Malware developers have shown an extensive interest in the smartphone's system. Therefore, the protection of these devices is very important. Since Malware has to be granted some permissions to achieve its goals, the author believes those permissions could be a useful characteristic in helping detect malicious applications. However, the usefulness of such features is not yet confirmed. This research consists of an examination of three hundred eighty-seven different Android-Based Malware applications in order to determine if there is a permission request pattern. This article presents a complete analysis of permission requests in Android malicious applications using the Self-Organizing Maps.
Emoji in Advertising
Authors: Danesi Marcel
Published: October 2017

Emoji have become an ipso facto universal language that fit in perfectly with informal routine digital communications, especially on mobile devices and on social media. Marketers and advertisers have taken notice of this communicative phenomenon and have started tapping into the emotive power of the emoji code since at least 2010. But is emoji advertising truly effective? Almost no study exists to examine this question. This article thus has a two-fold purpose. First, it looks at the use of emoji in advertising generally and then it presents a pilot study that aims to assay if such advertising is indeed effective. The overall conclusion is that effectiveness relates to the increase in interpretations, or connotations, that emoji ads seem to generate. The use of emoji in advertising is, thus, a field laboratory for gauging where emoji writing is heading and what it entails more broadly for communication.
The Face is (Not) Like a Mirror
Authors: Schiller Devon
Published: October 2017

That ‘the face is like a mirror (to the soul)' resonates cross-culturally and trans-historically throughout the media imaginary of the last three millennia. But beyond its general habitual topos as an onto-cartographic blueprint in everyday life, the author presents this catoptric metaphor as a specific epistemological trope within the advertising designs that the author defines as face studies. Prospecting representative usages in the printed artifacts from scientific research, the author probes the print advertisements for scientific communications, newspaper cartoons, and periodical spreads–their intermedial and multimodal genealogies. The author then problematizes the metaphoric similitude between the face and a mirror as a fixedly stable type, with fluidly shifting tokens across explanatory models and pedagogical norms for the meaning of facial signs. Finally, the author proposes not only that scientific gatekeepers rhetorically diagrammatize semantic terms ‘face' and ‘mirror'–or other specular prostheses–in the brand identification and marketing narratives. It is with this method that they call for the attention of knowledge consumers, but also how these catoptric metaphors function as cognitive mechanisms to inspire conceptual and methodological innovation in science about the face itself.