bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive evaluation of the AABBUniform Donor History Questionnaire
Authors: Willson Stephanie , Miller Kristen , Seem Debbie , Kuehnert Matthew J.
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND

This article reports key findings of an evaluation of the AABB Uniform Donor History Questionnaire (a self‐administered form completed before blood donation). The purpose of the study was to examine how respondents understand the questions and assess the nature of inaccurate responses. Another goal was to determine whether men who have sex with men (MSM) interpreted questions differently from non‐MSM and whether questions were interpreted differently in various regions of the country.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS

Cognitive interviewing was used for the study. This is a qualitative method that investigates how survey questions perform. It consists of semistructured interviews that explore whether respondents understand questions as intended and whether they can provide accurate answers. A total of 166 interviews were conducted.

RESULTS

Respondents had an overwhelmingly similar understanding of the purpose of the questionnaire as assessing the safety of their blood for donation. This understanding framed respondents’ interpretations such that each question was understood as asking the same thing; that is, “Is my blood safe to donate?” This interpretation did not vary among MSM versus non‐MSM or by region.

CONCLUSION

Respondents understood the questionnaire as assessing the safety of their blood. This interpretation served as the backdrop for the question–response process for each individual question. Specifically, rationale for answers was framed as much or more by the questionnaire's general purpose as by the specific topic of individual questions. This pattern of interpretation was the key factor responsible for both false‐positive and false‐negative response errors and did not vary by demographic, including in MSM.
Development of a Novel Medial Synoviocentesis Approach to the Bicipital Bursa in an Equine Cadaver Model
Authors: Grabski Milosz , McNamara Jennifer , Roper Darren , Warren‐Smith Chris , Busschers Evita
Published: April 2016

Objective

To describe the volume and dimensions of the bicipital bursa and its position in relation to bony and soft tissue structures, in order to develop a novel medial synoviocentesis approach to the bicipital bursa.

Study Design

Cadaveric study.

Animals

Adult equine cadaver limbs (n=19).

Methods

Bicipital bursa dimensions, volume, and relationship to bony structures were obtained from positive contrast computed tomography images after distension of the bursa (n=7). Following an intra‐bursal injection of polyurethane resin, the bicipital bursa (n=4) was dissected and its relationship to soft tissue structures described. After computed tomography and dissection, a novel medial bicipital bursocentesis approach was investigated on intact cadavers (n=8).

Results

Median (range) of measurements were: length 9.02 cm (8.48–9.45 cm); width 7.06 cm (6.71–8.01 cm); and volume 51 mL (45–58 mL). The medial aspect of the bicipital bursa was located at the junction of the subclavius and biceps muscles, which corresponds with the externally visible lateral pectoral sulcus. Needle insertion 5–10 mm craniolateral to the center of the lateral pectoral sulcus midway between the palpable distal aspect of the deltoid tuberosity and the cranial part of the greater tubercle was found to be a reliable landmark for the novel medial bursocentesis approach. This approach was successful in all cadavers.

Conclusion

The novel approach to the bicipital bursa provided access to the medial aspect of the bursa and is an alternative to the lateral approaches. Further validation in live horses is warranted to establish the safety and efficacy of this technique.
Attenuated flow‐induced dilatation of middle cerebral arteries is related to increased vascular oxidative stress in rats on a short‐term high salt diet
Authors: Cosic Anita , Jukic Ivana , Stupin Ana , Mihalj Martina , Mihaljevic Zrinka , Novak Sanja , Vukovic Rosemary , Drenjancevic Ines
Published: April 2016

Key points

Recent studies have shown that high salt (HS) intake leads to endothelial dysfunction and impaired vascular reactivity in different vascular beds in both animal and human models, due to increased oxidative stress.

The objective of this study was to assess vascular response to flow‐induced dilatation (FID) and to elucidate the role of vascular oxidative stress/antioxidative capacity in middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) of HS‐fed rats in vitro.

The novelty of this study is in demonstrating impaired flow‐induced dilatation of MCAs and down‐regulation of vascular antioxidant genes with HS intake, leading to increased levels of oxidative stress in blood vessels and peripheral lymph organs, which together contribute to impaired FID.

In addition, results show increased oxidative stress in leukocytes of peripheral lymph organs, suggesting the occurrence of inflammatory processes due to HS intake.

Recirculation of leukocytes might additionally increase vascular oxidative stress in vivo.

The aim of this study was to determine flow‐induced dilatation (FID) and the role of oxidative stress/antioxidative capacity in isolated, pressurized middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) of high salt (HS)‐fed rats. Healthy male Sprague‐Dawley rats (11 weeks old) were fed low salt (0.4% NaCl; LS group) or high salt (4% NaCl; HS group) diets for 1 week. Reactivity of MCAs in response to stepwise increases in pressure gradient (Δ10–Δ100 mmHg) was determined in the absence or presence of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic TEMPOL and/or the nitric oxide synthases (NOS) inhibitor Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME). mRNA levels of antioxidative enzymes, NAPDH‐oxidase components, inducible (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) were determined by quantitative real‐time PCR. Blood pressure (BP), antioxidant enzymes activity, oxidative stress in peripheral leukocytes, lipid peroxidation products and the antioxidant capacity of plasma were measured for both groups. FID was reduced in the HS group compared to the LS group. The presence of TEMPOL restored dilatation in the HS group, with no effect in the LS group. Expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) and iNOS in the HS group was significantly decreased; oxidative stress was significantly higher in the HS group compared to the LS group. HS intake significantly induced basal reactive oxygen species production in the leukocytes of mesenteric lymph nodes and splenocytes, and intracellular production after stimulation in peripheral lymph nodes. Antioxidant enzyme activity and BP were not affected by HS diet. Low GPx4 expression, increased superoxide production in leukocytes, and decreased iNOS expression are likely to underlie increased oxidative stress and reduced nitric oxide bioavailability, leading to impairment of FID in the HS group without changes in BP values.
Phospholipase C δ4 regulates cold sensitivity in mice
Authors: Yudin Yevgen , Lutz Brianna , Tao Yuan‐Xiang , Rohacs Tibor
Published: April 2016

Key points

The cold‐ and menthol‐activated transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) channels are thought to be regulated by phospholipase C (PLC), but neither the specific PLC isoform nor the in vivo relevance of this regulation has been established.

Here we identify PLCδ4 as the key PLC isoform involved in regulation of TRPM8 channels in vivo.

We show that in small PLCδ4−/− TRPM8‐positive dorsal root ganglion neurons cold, menthol and WS‐12, a selective TRPM8 agonist, evoked significantly larger currents than in wild‐type neurons, and action potential frequencies induced by menthol or by current injections were also higher in PLCδ4−/− neurons.

PLCδ4−/− mice showed increased behavioural responses to evaporative cooling, and this effect was inhibited by a TRPM8 antagonist; behavioural responses to heat and mechanical stimuli were not altered.

We provide evidence for the involvement of a specific PLC isoform in the regulation of cold sensitivity in mice by regulating TRPM8 activity.

The transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) ion channel is a major sensor of environmental low temperatures. Ca2+‐induced activation of phospholipase C (PLC) has been implied in the regulation of TRPM8 channels during menthol‐ and cold‐induced desensitization in vitro. Here we identify PLCδ4 as the key PLC isoform involved in regulation of TRPM8 in sensory dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. We identified two TRPM8‐positive neuronal subpopulations, based on their cell body size. Most TRPM8‐positive small neurons also responded to capsaicin, and had significantly larger menthol‐induced inward current densities than medium–large cells, most of which did not respond to capsaicin. Small, but not medium–large, PLCδ4−/− neurons showed significantly larger currents induced by cold, menthol or WS‐12, a specific TRPM8 agonist, compared to wild‐type (WT) neurons, but TRPM8 protein levels were not different between the two groups. In current‐clamp experiments small neurons had more depolarized resting membrane potentials, and required smaller current injections to generate action potentials (APs) than medium–large cells. In small PLCδ4−/− neurons, menthol application induced larger depolarizations and generation of APs with frequencies significantly higher compared to WT neurons. In behavioural experiments PLCδ4−/− mice showed greater sensitivity to evaporative cooling by acetone than control animals. Pretreatment with the TRPM8 antagonist PBMC reduced cold‐induced responses, and the effect was more pronounced in the PLCδ4−/− group. Heat and mechanical sensitivity of the PLCδ4−/− mice was not different from WT animals. Our data support the involvement of PLCδ4 in the regulation of TRPM8 channel activity in vivo.
Effects of Exercise Interventions and Physical Activity Behavior on Cancer Related Cognitive Impairments: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zimmer Philipp , Baumann Freerk T. , Oberste Max , Wright Peter , Garthe Alexander , Schenk Alexander , Elter Thomas , Galvao Daniel A. , Bloch Wilhelm , Hübner Sven T. , Wolf Florian
Published: April 2016

This systematic review analyzes current data on effects of exercise interventions and physical activity behavior on objective and subjective cancer related cognitive impairments (CRCI). Out of the 19 studies which met all inclusion criteria, five RCTs investigated rodents, whereas the other 14 trials explored humans and these included six RCTs, one controlled trial, two prospective noncontrolled trials, one case series, one observational study, and three cross-sectional studies. The results from animal models revealed positive effects of exercise during and after chemotherapy or radiation on structural alterations of the central nervous system, physiological as well as neuropsychological outcomes. The overall study quality in patient studies was poor. The current data on intervention studies showed preliminary positive effects of Asian-influenced movement programs (e.g., Yoga) with benefits on self-perceived cognitive functions as well as a reduction of chronic inflammation for breast cancer patients in the aftercare. Exercise potentially contributes to the prevention and rehabilitation of CRCI. Additional RCTs with standardized neuropsychological assessments and controlling for potential confounders are needed to confirm and expand preliminary findings.
Identification of the Allergenic Ingredients in Reduning Injection by Ultrafiltration and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Wang Fang , Li Cun-yu , Zheng Yun-feng , Li Hong-yang , Xiao Wei , Peng Guo-ping
Published: April 2016

Reduninginjection is a traditional Chinese medicine injection which has multiple functions such as clearing heat, dispelling wind, and detoxification. AlthoughReduninginjection was widely utilized, reports of its allergenicity emerged one after another. However, there is little research on its allergenic substances. The aim of this study is to evaluate the sensitization ofReduninginjection and explore the underlying cause of the anaphylactic reaction. The main ingredients inReduninginjection were analyzed before and after ultrafiltration. UltrafiltrateReduninginjection, unfilteredReduninginjection, egg albumin, Tween-80, and nine effective components inReduninginjection were utilized to sensitize guinea pigs. The serum 5-hydroxytryptamine level was used to assess the sensitization effect ofReduninginjection. We found a significant decrease in Tween-80 content comparing to other components in the injection after ultrafiltration. UnfilteredReduninginjection, Tween-80, chlorogenic acid, and cryptochlorogenin acid caused remarkable anaphylactoid reaction on guinea pigs while ultrafiltrationReduningresulted in a significantly lower degree of sensitization. Our results suggest that ultrafiltration could significantly reduce the sensitization ofReduninginjection, which is likely due to the decrease of Tween-80. We also conjectured that the form of chlorogenic acid and cryptochlorogenin acid within the complex solution mixture may also affect the sensitizing effect.
Synergistic Effect of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene on Diopside Scaffolds
Authors: Liu Tingting , Wu Ping , Gao Chengde , Feng Pei , Xiao Tao , Deng Youwen , Shuai Cijun , Peng Shuping
Published: April 2016

A synergetic effect between carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene on diopside (Di) scaffolds was demonstrated. 3D network architecture in the matrix was formed through the 1D CNTs inlaid among the 2D graphene platelets (GNPs). The mechanical properties of the CNTs/GNPs/Di scaffolds were significantly improved compared with the CNTs/Di scaffolds and GNPs/Di scaffolds. In addition, the scaffolds exhibited excellent apatite-forming ability, a modest degradation rate, and stable mechanical properties in simulated body fluid (SBF). Moreover, cell culturing tests indicated that the scaffolds supported the cells attachment and proliferation. Taken together, the CNTs/GNPs/Di scaffolds offered great potential for bone tissue engineering.
Feedback-Based Resource Allocation in MapReduce-Based Systems
Authors: Memishi Bunjamin , Pérez María S. , Antoniu Gabriel
Published: April 2016

Containers are considered an optimized fine-grain alternative to virtual machines in cloud-based systems. Some of the approaches which have adopted the use of containers are the MapReduce frameworks. This paper makes an analysis of the use of containers in MapReduce-based systems, concluding that the resource utilization of these systems in terms of containers is suboptimal. In order to solve this, the paper describes AdaptCont, a proposal for optimizing the containers allocation in MapReduce systems. AdaptCont is based on the foundations of feedback systems. Two different selection approaches, Dynamic AdaptCont and Pool AdaptCont, are defined. Whereas Dynamic AdaptCont calculates the exact amount of resources per each container, Pool AdaptCont chooses a predefined container from a pool of available configurations. AdaptCont is evaluated for a particular case, the application master container of Hadoop YARN. As we can see in the evaluation, AdaptCont behaves much better than the default resource allocation mechanism of Hadoop YARN.
Laparoscopic Management of Acute Pancreatitis Secondary to Rapunzel Syndrome
Authors: Koushk Jalali Bijan , Bingöl Alperen , Reyad Ashraf
Published: April 2016

A 17-year-old girl presented with bilious vomiting and abdominal pain to the surgery department. The history was positive for trichotillomania and trichophagia. A CT scan showed a mass in the stomach, which was highly suspicious for a gastric bezoar. Drooping parts of the bezoar caused a duodenal obstruction with secondary acute pancreatitis. The bezoar was removed via a laparoscopically performed gastrotomy.
Molecular Docking and In Silico ADMET Study Reveals Acylguanidine 7a as a Potential Inhibitor of β-Secretase
Authors: Nisha Chaluveelaveedu Murleedharan , Kumar Ashwini , Nair Prateek , Gupta Nityasha , Silakari Chitrangda , Tripathi Timir , Kumar Awanish
Published: April 2016

Amyloidogenic pathway in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involves breakdown of APP by β-secretase followed by γ-secretase and results in formation of amyloid beta plaque. β-secretase has been a promising target for developing novel anti-Alzheimer drugs. To test different molecules for this purpose, test ligands like acylguanidine 7a, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, and tartaric acid were docked against our target protein β-secretase enzyme retrieved from Protein Data Bank, considering MK-8931 (phase III trial, Merck) as the positive control. Docking revealed that, with respect to their free binding energy, acylguanidine 7a has the lowest binding energy followed by MK-8931 and pioglitazone and binds significantly to β-secretase. In silico ADMET predictions revealed that except tartaric acid all other compounds had minimal toxic effects and had good absorption as well as solubility characteristics. These compounds may serve as potential lead compound for developing new anti-Alzheimer drug.
Influence of the Cement Film Thickness on the Push-Out Bond Strength of Glass Fiber Posts Cemented in Human Root Canals
Authors: Prado Natália Araújo Silva , Ferreira Reinaldo de Souza , Maurício Marcos Henrique de Pinho , Paciornik Sidnei , Miranda Mauro Sayão de
Published: April 2016

The present study evaluated the influence of the cement film thickness on the push-out bond strength of glass fiber posts in the cervical, medium, and apical thirds of root canal spaces. Thirty roots were randomly divided into three groups, according to the fiber post system’s drills: (G1) #2; (G2) #3; (G3) #4. The posts were cemented using a self-adhesive cement, and a small amount of powdered Rhodamine B was used as a stain. Images of both sides of each slice were obtained before and after the push-out test. To determine the cement thickness, a macro routine was developed using the software KS 400. The data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s test. G2 (14.62±5.15 MPa) showed statistically higher bond strength values than G1 (10.04±5.13 MPa) and G3 (7.68±6.14 MPa). All groups presented higher bond strength values in the apical third. The bur diameter significantly influenced the results of the shear bond strength for the push-out test. The slight increase in the cement thickness allowed an increase in the values of shear bond strength when compared to very thin or very thick cement films.
Slavery and Freedom in Theory and Practice
Authors: Watkins David J.
Published: April 2016

Slavery has long stood as a mirror image to the conception of a free person in republican theory. This essay contends that slavery deserves this central status in a theory of freedom, but a more thorough examination of slavery in theory and in practice will reveal additional insights about freedom previously unacknowledged by republicans. Slavery combines imperium (state domination) and dominium (private domination) in a way that both destroys freedom today and diminishes opportunities to achieve freedom tomorrow. Dominium and imperium working together are a greater affront to freedom than either working alone. However, an examination of slavery in practice, focusing on the experiences of American slaves, demonstrates that republicanisms’ acknowledged strategies for freedom-seeking, acquiring insulation from domination through law and through norms, do not encompass the full range of options. Slaves also seek freedom through physical absence, economic activity, and culture. The account of slavery and freedom developed here suggests republican accounts of freedom should either give up their focus on thresholds of freedom, or consider the possibility of a plural conception of freedom that extends beyond just freedom as non-domination to include freedom as collective world-making, or both.
The role of nurses and nurse leaders on realizing the clinical, social, and economic return on investment of nursing care
Authors: Shamian Judith , Ellen Moriah E.
Published: April 2016

There is a limited understanding of the significance and the potential contribution that nursing can make through practice, policy, science, and profession to the global health agenda. In this article, we present some of the evidence to demonstrate the clinical, social, and economic returns on investment in nursing. We conclude by addressing the issues that nurse and system leaders need to address in order to achieve these returns on investments, and unless nurses get involved at the leadership level, these returns on investment will not be attained.
Legitimate Distinctiveness, Historical Bricolage, and the Fortune of the Commons
Authors: Illia Laura , Zamparini Alessandra
Published: April 2016

This article analyzes how organizations discursively construe legitimate distinctiveness (LD) by using their own corporate stories in recombination with historical narratives about commons (i.e., cultural, social, or natural resources available in a local community). Specifically, through the study of 55 rural hotels active in Segovia (Castilla y León, Spain), we theorize about how organizations build LD through a different process than the one explained by previous studies: a process of historical bricolage. Two recursive mechanisms constitute this process—namely the appropriation and preservation of historical narratives about natural (e.g., forests, animals), social (e.g., recipes, movies), or cultural (e.g., heritage, kings) commons. This process contributes to current studies because it explains how organizations build LD through the strategic use of history, the preservation rather than the mere appropriation of collective narratives, and finally the production of stories that integrate the organizational and collective selves.
Good Governance: Strukturen zur Sicherung der Nachhaltigkeit von Projekten im akademischen Umfeld
Authors: Budroni Paolo
Published: April 2016

Im Januar 2014 startete in Österreich ein landesweites Projekt, das von Bibliotheken und Forschungsservice-Einrichtungen an Universitäten initiiert wurde. Das Projektmanagement wurde an der Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Wien angesiedelt, wo auch die Projektantragstellung erfolgte. Zusätzlich wurde im Projektmanagement auch das Rechenzentrum der Universität Wien miteinbezogen. Aufgrund der vorhandenen heterogenen Ausgangslage bei den beteiligten Einrichtungen ergab sich für das Projekt die Notwendigkeit, von Beginn an Formen einer „Good Governance“ zu installieren, die ein reibungsloses Arbeiten von geschätzt 100 Personen und eine erfolgreiche Durchführung des Projektes ermöglichen sollten. Auf dieser Basis entstand für das Projekt eine „Charta“. Sie trägt heute den Namen „Konsensualvereinbarung“ und bildet die Grundlage für die Regelung der Partnerschaft im Projekt e-Infrastructures Austria. Der vorliegende Artikel bietet nicht nur einen detaillierten Einblick über die Architektur dieser „Charta“, sondern beschreibt ihren Werdegang und gibt einen Ausblick auf weitere Entwicklungen.
Bimetallic nickel and palladium complexes for catalytic applications
Authors: Van Wyk Shane C , Onani Martin O. , Nordlander Ebbe
Published: April 2016

South Africa is a mineral-rich country and one area in which minerals can be very important is catalysis. Over an extended period of time, homogeneous catalysis has grown to become very useful, particularly in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The organometallic compounds required in the catalysis industry have advanced from metallocenes to an alternative in the form of
Measuring free ellagic acid: influence of extraction conditions on recovery by studying solubility and UV-Visible spectra
Authors: Williams David J. , Edwards David , Chaliha Mridusmita , Sultanbawa Yasmina
Published: April 2016

Recent investigations into plant tissues have indicated that the free form of the natural polyphenolic antioxidant, ellagic acid (EA), is much more plentiful than first envisaged; consequently a re-assessment of solvent systems for the extraction of this water-insoluble form is needed. As EA solubility and its UV-Vis spectrum, commonly used for detection and quantification, are both governed by pH, an understanding of this dependence is vital if accurate EA measurements are to be achieved. After evaluating the pH effects on the solubility and UV-Vis spectra of commercial EA, an extraction protocol was devised that promoted similar pH conditions for both standard solutions and plant tissue extracts. The extraction so devised followed by HPLC with photodiode-array detection (DAD) provided a simple, sensitive and validated methodology that determined free EA in a variety of plant extracts. The use of 100 % methanol or a triethanolamine-based mixture as the standard dissolving solvents were the best choices, while these higher pH-generating solvents were more efficient in extracting EA from the plants tested with the final choice allied to the plants’ natural acidity. Two of the native Australian plants anise myrtle (
Make Me Laugh: Creativity in the British television comedy industry
Authors: Mills Brett
Published: April 2016

The three-year (2012–2015) AHRC-funded research project Make Me Laugh: Creativity in the British Television Comedy Industry worked with writers, producers, directors and other industry personnel to map the productions they work on and follow their labor as they move from one job to another and strive to maintain a career. This article draws on interview material from this project to investigate the ways in which comedy workers negotiate the maintenance of their creativity within economic, cultural and industrial contexts such as policy, funding, and the whims of broadcasters and production companies. It argues that while such contexts are evident for all cultural production, there are specifics of the comedy sector because of humor’s relationships with the social role of broadcasting. It therefore highlights the specificity of comic creative labor, contributing to ongoing Humor Studies debates focused on the particularities of comedy as a category.
Development and Evaluation of Video Instructions for a Cross-generational AAL Tablet Application
Authors: Benz Roman , Brucks Martin , Sengpiel Michael
Published: April 2016

It is challenging to design a sufficiently complex user interface that is universally usable. Striking differences between younger and older users, based on age and cohort effects, demand suitable design compromises with an effective combination of user interface and instructional design. This paper describes such a design compromise with a focus on video instruction for an AAL application designed to maintain and expand cross-generational social support networks. To estimate its effectiveness, 30 younger (M = 26 years) and 31 older (M = 68 years) participants were split in two groups: Both solved the same 16 tasks with the same AAL application, yet the experimental group received a short video instruction before the tasks and the control group did not. Results show that both age groups rated the video instruction as useful and did benefit from it – older users’ effectiveness improved even to the level of younger users. It can be concluded that the effective combination of user interface and instructional design played a central role towards universal usability and that early integration of instructional design into the human centered design process improved its efficiency.
Smart Home Medical Technologies: Users’ Requirements for Conditional Acceptance
Authors: Himmel Simon , Ziefle Martina
Published: April 2016

One mega challenge for the next decades is the aging of populations in western societies. Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) Technologies provide solutions for these challenges of demographic change. Elderly people living independently in their homes can be monitored for health reasons with integrated information and communication technologies (ICT) to get help in case of emergencies. From the user-centered approach, acceptance of these solutions is crucial. In his work, we focus on the effects of 5 domestic spaces and 3 integrated ICT on acceptance and the influence of user factors. We consider two samples from 2010 (n = 100) and 2015 (n = 148). Results show that visual monitoring is accepted least, positioning best. The role of private and public rooms has a strong influence on acceptance. Also, the type of technology as well as the interaction of technology and room have a strong impact, whereas user factors play only a minor role for AAL acceptance.
Influence of Students’ Mental and Physical Performance on Development of Technical and Tactical Skills in Fencing
Authors: Кривенцова І. В. , Пашкевич C. А. , Чистяков С. А.
Published: April 2016

Study objective: to reveal the relations between the indicators of physical and mental performance and the development of technical and tactical skills in fencers, to determine the significant criteria and tests for selecting students for health-improving and sports fencing groups.

Methods: study and analysis of literature; pedagogical observations; physiological methods (physical performance by the Harvard step test with HSTI (Harvard step test Index) calculation, mental performance by the correction tables, special exercises to assess fencers’ technical and tactical skills); statistical methods. The reference group students (9 female fencers) had five workouts a week, the students (13 female students) of test group 1 (TG1) had 2 hours of physical training per week, the TG2 and TG3  (8 and 10 female students respectively) had 4 hours of fencing workouts per week. The TG2 had 4 months of fencing experience, and TG3 had one year and 4 months thereof.

Results. The reciprocal effects of the performance indicators and the correlation between

the indicators of technical and tactical skills of the student fencers allowed to establish the informative value of individual indicators for quality selection of students for the fencing group. The Harvard step test index and the standardized number of errors of the correction test can serve as the prognostic criteria for developing technical and tactical skills in student fencing.
Role of Early Rehabilitation Intervention in Restoring Functional State of Cardiovascular System of Women with Postmastectomy Syndrome
Authors: Бріскін Ю. А. , Одинець Т. Є.
Published: April 2016

The purpose of the research is to determine the feasibility of early rehabilitation intervention in restoring the functional state of the cardiovascular system of women with postmastectomy syndrome.
Materials and methods: analysis and collation of the literature sources and empirical data; computer rheography; methods of mathematical statistics. The research involved 135 women with postmastectomy syndrome suffering from Madden’s radical mastectomy.
Results. The research showed that early rehabilitation intervention is effective exlusively in terms of improving the capacity of the left ventricle in women with postmastectomy syndrome by the annual monitoring indicators.
ELEMENTS OF GLOACALIZATION IN LATGALIAN MUSIC
Authors: Gusāns Ingars
Published: April 2016

Latgalian music has a distinct place within the Latvian music market, which has itself inhabited a niche within the global music marketplace; the various processes of globalization have influenced Latgalian music groups and their members to varying degrees. This article aims to assess which musical styles are most popular amongst Latgalian groups and whether there are parallels with tendencies in the global music world in order to identify which global and local features are typical of Latgalian groups, and describe characteristic Latgalian album design in comparison with that of world-famous groups.

The article discusses the following groups: “Borowa MC”, “Bez PVN”, “Dabasu Durovys”, “Laimas Muzykanti”, “Green Novice”, “Sacramental” and Sovvaļnīks. Due to limitations in length, this research does not focus upon text analysis.

Research was carried out using the following resources: conversations with group members, internet resources, album reviews, press materials, and the author’s own observations as a member of a Latgalian music group.

The research is conducted from a comparative perspective, with the goal of highlighting global and local features that characterize Latgalian groups.

According to music critic Sandris Vanzovičs, almost all global music styles are represented in the music of Latgale, each inhabiting their particular niche (Gusāns 2015, 1). Evaluating the musical styles and album packaging of select Latgalian groups, it is possible to conclude that Latgalian groups, in ways that are not connected to dance music, reflect the main global tendencies in music, confirming the global location of the Latgale region. The influence of globalization is noticeable in the English-language names of some groups, e. g. “Green Novice”, “Sacramental”. However, local elements in the music are also present: 1) the use of the Latgalian language, 2) folk song melodies and lyrics used with contemporary interpretations, revealing culturohistorical information, and 3) the desire to design original album covers, trying as much as possible to avoid typical clichés or frequently-used motifs, and highlighting the local area. However, Latgalians still need to overcome the lack of interest or support outside the region for Latgalian music.
Textos y glosas nº 10
Authors: Administración Revista Barataria
Published: April 2016

Reseñas Bibliográficas correspondientes al número 10 de Barataria. Para visualizar/descargar la reseña correspondiente diríjase al apartado texto completo (pdf).

ÍNDICE de las reseñas:

Autor: A. Martín Cabello, pp. 225-226

Texto: Paul BOGHOSSIAN

El miedo al conocimiento. Contra el relativismo y el constructivismo

Madrid: Alianza. 2009, [2006].187 pp.

 

Autora: M.I. Morán Morán, pp. 226-228

Texto: Francisco MARCOS-MARÍN y Amando DE  MIGUEL

Se habla español

Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva. 2009. 279 pp.

 

Autor: E. Díaz Cano, pp. 228-229

Texto: Lorenzo CACHÓN RODRÍGUEZ

La España «inmigrante»: marco discriminatorio, mercado de trabajo y políticas de integración

Barcelona: Anthropos. 2009. 351 pp.

 

Autor: G. Tardivo, pp. 229-231

Texto: Roland TERBORG y Laura G. GARCÍA LANDA (Coords.)

Los retos de la planificación del lenguaje

México: UNAM - México. 2006. 2 vols. 630 pp.

 

Autora: A. García Manso, pp. 231-232

Texto: María GÓMEZ ESCARDA e Isidro SEPÚLVEDA MUÑOZ (Eds.)

Las mujeres militares en España

Madrid: Instituto Universitario General Gutiérrez Mellado. 2009. 322 pp.

 

Autor: E. Díaz Cano, pp. 233-234

Texto: Antonio MARTÍN CABELLO

Perspectivas teóricas en torno a la sociología de la cultura

Madrid: Dykinson S.L. 2009. 134 pp.

 

Autora: A. García Manso, p. 234

Texto: Juan MAESTRE ALFONSO

Guatemala. Entre volcanes y poetas

Córdoba: Almuzara, Colección Sotavento. 2008. 192 pp.

 

Autor: G. Tardivo, pp. 234-235

Texto: Abel HERNÁNDEZ

Historias de la Alcarama

Madrid: Gadir. 2008. 244 p.

 

Autora: M. I. Morán Morán, pp. 236-237

Texto: Ángel VALERO LUMBRERAS

El giro político de la epistemología

Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva. 2008. 316 pp.

 

Autor: E. Díaz Cano, pp. 238-239

Texto: Vicente J. BENITO GIL, José M. CANALES ALIENDE y María Erley ORJUELA RAMÍREZ (Coords.)

Estado del bienestar y políticas sociales: una aproximación a la situación española y colombiana

Alicante: Editorial Club Universitario. 2008. 294 pp.

 

Autor: F. Ruiz de Pablos, pp. 239-241

Texto: Maximiliano FERNÁNDEZ FERNÁNDEZ

Larra, en las elecciones de 1836, cómplices y adversarios

 Segovia: Junta de Castilla y León. 2009. 231 pp.
Textos y glosas nº 11
Authors: Administración Revista Barataria
Published: April 2016

Reseñas Bibliográficas correspondientes al número 11 de Barataria. Para visualizar/descargar la reseña correspondiente diríjase al apartado texto completo (pdf).

ÍNDICE de los autores

Autor: R. Adell Arguilés, pp. 251-252

Texto: Carlos MOYA VALGAÑÓN

Mahoma, Dar-el Islam, Maimónides. Dos ensayos sobre el monoteísmo semita

Madrid: Huerga Fierro Editores. 2008. 150 pp

 

Autor: L. Díe Olmos, p. 252

Texto: Juan Fernando LÓPEZ AGUILAR

La aventura democrática. La Constitución y el alma republicana en la Monarquía Parlamentaria (1978-2009)

Barcelona: Península. 2009. 280 pp.

 

Autora: M. L. Gallardo García-Saavedra, pp. 253-255

Texto: Felipe MOLINA CARRIÓN

La Guerra de la Independencia Priorato de San Juan (1808-1814)

Ciudad Real: Diputación de Ciudad Real, Biblioteca de Autores Manchegos.  2009. 288 pp.

 

Autor: E. Díaz Cano, `p. 256

Texto: Octavio UÑA JUÁREZ y Antonio MARTÍN CABELLO

Introducción a la sociología

Madrid: Editorial Universitas. 2009. 307 pp.

 

Autor: F.A. Cordeiro Da Silva, pp. 257-258

Texto: João Carlos CORREIA

Teoría e crítica do discurso noticioso: notas sobre jornalismo e representações sociais

Covilhã: Labcom, 2009. 195 pp.

 

Autor: A. Val Cubero, pp. 258-259

Texto: Fernando ÁLVAREZ URÍA y Julia  VARELA

Sociología de las instituciones. Bases sociales y culturales de la conducta

Madrid: Morata. 2009. 237 pp.

 

Autor: J. L. Palacios Gómez, pp. 259-261

Texto: Juan Antonio ROCHE CÁRCEL

La sociedad evanescente

Madrid: Anthropos. 2009. 190 pp.

 

Autora: C. Zanetti Durand, pp. 261-262

Texto: Octavio UÑA JUÁREZ

Nuevos ensayos de sociología y comunicación

Madrid: Editorial Universitas. 2010. 215 pp.

 

Autor: E. Díaz Cano, pp. 262-264

Texto: Luis María CAZORLA PRIETO

Crisis económica y transformación del Estado

Navarra: Editorial Aranzadi. 2009. 180 pp.
Reivindicar la igualdad de mujeres y hombres en la sociedad: una aproximación al concepto de género
Authors: Melero Aguilar Noelia
Published: April 2016

El artículo nos acerca a las diversas concepciones y construcciones teóricas que definen el concepto de género, realizando un análisis sobre la desigualdad de las mujeres con respecto a los hombres, en determinadas esferas de la vida social, económica, política y cultural, partiendo de la premisa, de que esta desigualdad se ha basado en las diferencias biológicas de mujeres y hombres. Estas diferencias, no deben ser causa de discriminación, sino que deben contribuir a que se comparta en igualdad de condiciones, el poder en la economía, en la sociedad y en los procesos de elaboración de medidas políticas que afectan al desarrollo de una mejor calidad de vida para ambos. En este sentido, se reivindica, la necesidad de crear modelos alternativos de gobernanza que contemplen una perspectiva de género que se refleje en la gestión, los discursos y formas de hacer, desde un enfoque más justo y equitativo.
Sociología del turismo: el sistema turístico frente al cambio climático
Authors: Pérez Redondo Rubén José
Published: April 2016

Es evidente, hoy en día, que estamos ante una situación de cambio climático. Las temperaturas son extremas, el nivel del agua de los mares se incrementa, la capa de ozono desaparece, etc. No entramos a debatir las causas del proceso. Lo que nos interesa es analizar cómo esos cambios afectan al mapa turístico, es decir, queremos argumentar cómo el cambio climático afecta a los movimientos turísticos y establece nuevos destinos en relación a sus necesidades y expectativas viajeras. La subida de las temperaturas está haciendo que algunas zonas que hasta ahora eran netamente turísticas pierdan un buen margen de competitividad en favor de otras que estaban en las últimas posiciones. Pero también tenemos que tener en cuenta que si un eslabón de la cadena del sistema turístico se ve alterado, los demás también sufrirán alteraciones. En definitiva, en este artículo se analizarán los cambios a los que se verá sometido el turismo por la metamorfosis climática.
Derecho y trabajo asalariado: significado y tensiones
Authors: Gasco García Enrique
Published: April 2016

El Derecho como legitimador del poder público y equilibrio de las tensiones sociales. El orden productivo capitalista genera un específico marco social y político que conforma el subsistema jurídico-laboral que se ocupa de la prestación de trabajo y de los poderes en presencia: el directivo y disciplinario del empresario y el contrapoder colectivo de los trabajadores. Frágil equilibrio que en la actual democracia globalizada favorece la posición empresarial y con ello su poder de resolución unilateral del vínculo contractual laboral que no sólo violenta el marco laboral, sino la propia configuración vital del trabajador y de la sociedad en la que se inserta.
Analysis of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases in Bone and Cartilage of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Abatacept
Authors: Kanbe Katsuaki , Oh Koei , Chiba Junji , Inoue Yasuo , Taguchi Masashi , Yabuki Akiko
Published: April 2016

The aim of this study was to analyze the histological changes related to mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases in bone and cartilage treated with abatacept for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A total of 20 patients of bone and cartilage were assessed: 10 abatacept with methotrexate (MTX)-treated RA patients were compared with 10 MTX-treated RA patients (control). The histology of bone and cartilage was observed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin and analyzed immunohistochemically for the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, CD4 (T cell), CD68 (macrophage), receptor activator of nuclear kappa-B ligand, osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, CD29 (β-1 integrin), phospho-p38 MAPK (Tyr180/Tyr182), phospho-p44/42 MAPK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase, ERK1/ERK2), and phosphor-c-Jun N-terminal kinase. The expressions of CD29 known as mechanoreceptor and ERK known as mechanotransduction signal protein in MAP kinases in the bone and cartilage of patients treated with abatacept were significantly different from those of control. These findings suggest that increases in CD29 and ERK in MAP kinases may change the metabolism of bone and cartilage in RA patients treated with abatacept.
Airway smooth muscle inflammation is regulated by microRNA‐145 in COPD
Authors: O'Leary Lawrence , Sevinç Kenan , Papazoglou Ilektra M. , Tildy Bernadett , Detillieux Karen , Halayko Andrew J. , Chung Kian Fan , Perry Mark M.
Published: April 2016

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, highly debilitating disease of the airways, primarily caused by smoking. Chronic inflammation and structural remodelling are key pathological features of this disease, in part caused by the aberrant function of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells under the regulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β. miRNA are short, noncoding gene transcripts involved in the negative regulation of specific target genes, through their interactions with mRNA. Previous studies have proposed that mRNA‐145 (miR‐145) may interact with SMAD3, an important downstream signalling molecule of the TGF‐β pathway. TGF‐β was used to stimulate primary human ASM cells isolated from healthy nonsmokers, healthy smokers and COPD patients. This resulted in a TGF‐β‐dependent increase in CXCL8 and IL‐6 release, most notably in the cells from COPD patients. TGF‐β stimulation increased SMAD3 expression, only in cells from COPD patients, with a concurrent increased miR‐145 expression. Regulation of miR‐145 was found to be negatively controlled by pathways involving the MAP kinases, MEK‐1/2 and p38 MAPK. Subsequent, overexpression of miR‐145 (using synthetic mimics) in ASM cells from patients with COPD suppressed IL‐6 and CXCL8 release, to levels comparable to the nonsmoker controls. Therefore, this study suggests that miR‐145 negatively regulates pro‐inflammatory cytokine release from ASM cells in COPD by targeting SMAD3.
Universal time effect in the response of the thermosphere to electric field changes
Authors: Perlongo N. J. , Ridley A. J.
Published: April 2016

Understanding the dynamics of the thermospheric mass density is of paramount importance for predicting drag on low‐altitude satellites, particularly during geomagnetic storms. Transient enhancements in ion velocities, which frequently occur as a result of storm‐driven solar wind electric field fluctuations, cause increases in neutral density and temperature. Since the Earth's quasi‐dipolar magnetic field is tilted and offset from the center of the planet, it is hypothesized that hemispheric asymmetries arise, altering the thermospheric response to energy input based upon the time of day. This study used the Global Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Model (GITM) to investigate this phenomenon via a series of 22 idealized simulations, where the convective electric field was enhanced for 1 h of the day. Two configurations of the Earth's magnetic field were considered, the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) and a centered dipole. These runs were conducted at March equinox when the amount of sunlight falling on the two hemispheres was the same. Two additional sets of runs were conducted at the June and December solstices for comparison. It was found that the most geoeffective times were those times when the geomagnetic poles were pointed toward the Sun. This orientation maximizes the photoionization colocated with the high‐latitude potential pattern, leading to more in Joule heating.
Simulation of a rapid dropout event for highly relativistic electrons with the RBE model
Authors: Kang S.‐B. , Fok M.‐C. , Glocer A. , Min K.‐W. , Choi C.‐R. , Choi E. , Hwang J.
Published: April 2016

A flux dropout is a sudden and sizable decrease in the energetic electron population of the outer radiation belt on the time scale of a few hours. We simulated a flux dropout of highly relativistic >2.5 MeV electrons using the Radiation Belt Environment model, incorporating the pitch angle diffusion coefficients caused by electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves for the geomagnetic storm event of 23–26 October 2002. This simulation showed a remarkable decrease in the >2.5 MeV electron flux during main phase of the storm, compared to those without EMIC waves. This decrease was independent of magnetopause shadowing or drift loss to the magnetopause. We suggest that the flux decrease was likely to be primarily due to pitch angle scattering to the loss cone by EMIC waves. Furthermore, the >2.5 MeV electron flux calculated with EMIC waves correspond very well with that observed from Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle EXplorer spacecraft. EMIC wave scattering is therefore likely one of the key mechanisms to understand flux dropouts. We modeled EMIC wave intensities by the Kp index. However, the calculated dropout is a several hours earlier than the observed one. We propose that Kp is not the best parameter to predict EMIC waves.
Lower thermospheric wind variations in auroral patches during the substorm recovery phase
Authors: Oyama Shin‐ichiro , Shiokawa Kazuo , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Hosokawa Keisuke , Watkins Brenton J. , Kurihara Junichi , Tsuda Takuo T. , Fallen Christopher T.
Published: April 2016

Measurements of the lower thermospheric wind with a Fabry‐Perot interferometer (FPI) at Tromsø, Norway, found the largest wind variations in a night during the appearance of auroral patches at the substorm recovery phase. Taking into account magnetospheric substorm evolution of plasma energy accumulation and release, the largest wind amplitude at the recovery phase is a fascinating result. The results are the first detailed investigation of the magnetosphere‐ionosphere‐thermosphere coupled system at the substorm recovery phase using comprehensive data sets of solar wind, geomagnetic field, auroral pattern, and FPI‐derived wind. This study used three events in November 2010 and January 2012, particularly focusing on the wind signatures associated with the auroral morphology, and found three specific features: (1) wind fluctuations that were isolated at the edge and/or in the darker area of an auroral patch with the largest vertical amplitude up to about 20 m/s and with the longest oscillation period about 10 min, (2) when the convection electric field was smaller than 15 mV/m, and (3) wind fluctuations that were accompanied by pulsating aurora. This approach suggests that the energy dissipation to produce the wind fluctuations is localized in the auroral pattern. Effects of the altitudinal variation in the volume emission rate were investigated to evaluate the instrumental artifact due to vertical wind shear. The small electric field values suggest weak contributions of the Joule heating and Lorentz force processes in wind fluctuations. Other unknown mechanisms may play a principal role at the recovery phase.