bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ON THE APPROXIMATION OF THE FIRST EIGENVALUE OF SOME BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS
Authors: Vatolkin M. Yu
Published: December 2024

The paper studies the representation of eigenfunctions as scalar series for a two-point boundary value problem of the type (𝑛 − 1, 1) under the assumption that there exists a functional concentrated at one point such that the first 𝑛−1 of the original boundary conditions and ℓ̃𝑥 = 1 become the Cauchy conditions at this point. The eigenfunction of the boundary value problem under consideration, corresponding to the eigenvalue λ∗, is represented as a series in powers of λ∗. The equation Φ(λ) = 0, where Φ(λ) is the sum of the series in powers of λ, is considered for finding the eigenvalues of the original problem. Examples of calculating the first eigenvalue of some boundary value problems are given. Various estimates are obtained for the coefficients of such power series. A certain function of two variables 𝑡 and λ is defined, a partial differential equation is obtained for it, and conditions are obtained that it satisfies. The zeros of the “section” of this function coincide with the eigenvalues of the original boundary value problem, which can be used for their approximate calculation.
Digitalization of Control and Supervisory Activities of Financial Market Participants in China
Authors: Dolganova O. I , Kozyrev D. A
Published: December 2024

Recently, the People's Republic of China has become the world leader in development of digital economy. The information technologies are being widely implemented both in business and government agencies. This makes it possible to create and develop large-scale national systems for collecting and processing a large volume of diverse information on the activities of financial market participants. The purpose of this paper is to study the specifics of the application of digital technologies by the Chinese authorities to improve their control activities in the financial and budgetary sphere. Using the methods of analysis, synthesis, interpretation and generalization of information and data from scientific articles, official Internet resources of state authorities, analytical reports and media publications, the features of digitalization of financial monitoring, audit and supervision in China are identified. The main participants of the internal state financial control and their areas of responsibility are shown. The key concepts and projects for digitalization of audit and supervision functions are provided, such as: the Internet Plus concept, the Golden Audit project, project of implementation of the system of monitoring of financial risks, early notification and warning of their occurrence, both of control bodies and controlled entities. The latest trends and areas of application of technologies based on artificial intelligence and big data, including the active use of chatbots, machine learning methods and natural language processing tools are noted. The actions that China is taking to reduce risks, and improve the efficiency of financial market participants, both organizational and in terms of regulatory and legal support.
Problems and Prospects of Development of Nuclear Energy in Japan
Authors: Emelyanova O. N , Shcherbakov D. A
Published: December 2024

The Fukushima disaster in 2011 temporarily changed Japan's priorities and increased criticism of nuclear power. However, since its long-term abandonment has caused serious losses in the country's energy security, and it is clear that despite the Japanese public's fear of nuclear disasters, the Japanese government is slowly and carefully putting nuclear power back on Japan's energy development agenda. This became especially noticeable in the actions of the Cabinet of Fumio Kishida, as well as the current Japanese government, which continued the course towards "revival" of nuclear energy. Even according to the most pessimistic scenario of the World Nuclear Association, by 2040 it is planned to increase the global capacity of nuclear power plants to 486 GW, which is 24 % more than in 2023. According to the basic and optimistic scenarios, growth is expected to be 75 % and 138 %, respectively. Such prospects suggest that the era of nuclear energy is far from over. 10 EU countries, including Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland, France, Croatia and the Czech Republic, have proposed officially including nuclear energy in the list of areas for green investments, which, in their opinion, will allow to abandon imported energy supplies. In February 2024, the Council of EU Member States and the European Parliament, after lengthy negotiations in Brussels on the Zero Emissions Industry Act (NZIA), agreed to declare nuclear energy a strategic technology for the decarbonization of the EU. How is Japan planning to integrate into this trend? What is the reason for the expected shift in the country's energy balance in favor of nuclear energy? How does this correspond to the tasks of ensuring its energy security? How has the role of nuclear power changed in the context of Japan's energy transition? In this article, the authors have attempted to answer these questions.
Model for reconstruction of individualized external exposure doses for persons living in an territory contaminated with radionuclides as a result of the Chernobyl accident
Authors: Kulikovich Dmitry B. , Vlasova Natalie G.
Published: December 2024

A statistical model has been developed for reconstructing individualized external exposure doses for persons living in a contaminated territory with radionuclides. The basis of the model is the data of individual dosimetric control of external exposure doses of more than 35,000 residents of the Gomel region and informative factor-signs that influence the formation of an individual external exposure dose. The model has a high degree of adequacy, as evidenced by the adjusted coefficients of determination from 0,71 to 0,74. For the adequacy of the application of the model for each calendar year, a coefficient was introduced that determines the decrease in the external exposure dose over time. The calculated values of external exposure doses, taking into account the factor, correlate with the data of individual dosimetric control, the deviation of the calculated values is ± 9%. Verification of the model was carried out on the generated control sample, the estimation error was ~10%. The developed model allows, with high accuracy and the least error, to reconstruction the individualized doses of external exposure of people living in a contaminated area, employed in various social spheres.
Content of 137Cs and 90Sr forms in sod-podzolic soils of Belarus in the long period of the accidents at the Chernobyl NPP
Authors: Tsybulka Mikalai N. , Putyatin Yuri V.
Published: December 2024

The content of 137Cs and 90Sr forms in sod-podzolic automorphic and semi-hydromorphic (gleamy) soils of different granulometric composition (loamy, sandy loam, sandy) was studied. It was found that during the long post-accident period, a transformation took place in the soils of the forms 137Cs and 90Sr, and a dynamic equilibrium in their content occurred. The content of 137Cs in the form available to plants is currently an insignificant proportion — 5-15%. On the contrary, 90Sr compounds are mainly found in readily available forms, amounting to 60 to 75% in sod-podzolic soils, on average — 67%. This determines its high transitions into plants, especially on mineral soils.
ПСИХОЛОГИЯ СЕМЬИ (С ПРАКТИКУМОМ)
Authors: МАКАРОВА Е.Ю. , ЦВЕТКОВА Н.А.
Published: December 2024

Пособие посвящено дисциплине «Психология семьи (с практикумом)». Учебный материал четко систематизирован и отражает как традиционные, так и современные подходы к изучению предмета. В пособии представлены основные темы курса, тезаурус, вопросы для семинарских занятий, тесты, кейсы для практических занятий. Пособие предназначено для обучающихся по программам бакалавриата и высшего базового образования по направлениям подготовки: психология, психолого-педагогическое образование, семейное воспитание.
تأثير المراكز التعليمية الأربعة على تكوين شخصية طالبات المعهد
Authors: النصرة حلمى فرحة , خالد نور , الدين محمد سيف
Published: December 2024

ملخص البحث يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحليل مدى تأثير المراكز التعليمية الأربعة على تكوين شخصية الطالبات في معهد دار السلام كونتور للتربية الإسلامية الحديثة للبنات - الحرم الثاني. أظهرت نتائج البحث ما يلي: 1) مكونات المراكز التعليمية الأربعة في معهد دار السلام كونتور للتربية الإسلامية الحديثة للبنات - الحرم الثاني هي الأسرة، والمدرسة، والبيئة الداخلية للمعهد، والمسجد. 2) تآزر المراكز التعليمية الأربعة يعني التعاون مع مختلف المكونات بشكل خاص مع الوالدين لطالبات لتنمية الشخصية ودعم تعليم القيم والأخلاق. 3) آثار المراكز التعليمية الأربعة في معهد دار السلام كونتور للتربية الإسلامية الحديثة للبنات - الحرم الثاني هي تكوين عادات مثل عدم ترك فروض الصلاة، والسلوك اللائق، والأخلاق الكريمة، والانضباط. الكلمات المفتاحية: مراكز تعليمية الأربعة، تكوين الشخصية، الطالبات
Developing an ROI Assessment Model for Employee Development Programs Implemented by California Transit Agencies
Authors: Reeb Tyler , Gallagher Susan
Published: December 2024

The objective of this research is to determine the extent to which transit agencies in California are implementing Return on Investment (ROI) assessments or otherwise evaluating the value and effectiveness of the employee development programs they administer, what cost and performance data they collect and track, and what resources or support are needed to support ROI assessment efforts. Transit agencies will necessarily incur expenses in efforts to improve the recruitment, retention, and morale of employees, but will struggle to solicit adequate funding unless they are able to demonstrate the value of such efforts to a broader audience. Thus, developing and implementing ROI assessments is critical. The literature review, survey, and follow-up interviews conducted by the research team found that program outcome measures and programmatic expense data required for ROI is similar across employee development programs but is not currently being uniformly collected across agencies. The research findings demonstrate the need for technical assistance if transit agencies are to successfully design and implement return on investment models for employee development programs they administer. Interview participants emphasized that transit labor shortages also extend into administrative and human resource divisions. A commonly voiced concern regarding ROI implementation focused on the additional staff capacity and know-how that would be required to systematically collect and analyze the wide range of operational performance metrics, human resource metrics, and expenditure data required to calculate ROI. This challenge is exacerbated by the outdated data systems found at many public transportation agencies. Agency representatives also expressed concern that to obtain meaningful ROI, a widely agreed upon and objective process to translate qualitative metrics like “employee satisfaction” into monetized benefit values is required.
ИНФРАКРАСНЫЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ СИМБИОТИЧЕСКИХ ЗВЕЗД С ОКОЛОЛУННОЙ ОРБИТЫ: ЗАДАЧИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ
Authors: Шомшекова С.А. , Кондратьева Л.Н. , Измайлова И.М. , Омаров Ч.Т.
Published: December 2024

В данной статье рассматривается постановка задач для проведения наблюдений симбиотических звезд с использованием окололунного телескопа. Описаны потенциальные направления исследований, включающие спектральные и фотометрические наблюдения этих звезд в инфракрасном (ИК) диапазоне. Целью является определение оптимальных задач для наблюдений с помощью телескопа, размещенного на окололунной орбите и оснащенного апертурой 20–30 см. Исследования симбиотических звезд актуальны для современной астрофизики, поскольку они представляют собой уникальные лаборатории для изучения взаимодействия компонентов двойных систем на различных этапах эволюции, а некоторые из них могут служить предшественниками сверхновых. В зависимости от наличия или отсутствия ИК-излучения симбиотические звезды подразделяются на два типа: D-тип (dusty) и S-тип (stellar). Для работы окололунного телескопа рассматриваются объекты D-типа, отличающиеся избытком ИК-излучения, что позволяет детально изучить процессы, такие как пульсации, образование пылевых оболочек и эволюция этих систем. Предлагаются следующие задачи для ИК-исследований с окололунной орбиты: изучение физических характеристик симбиотических объектов в предвспышечный период и непосредственно во время вспышки, а также анализ структуры и распределения пылевой составляющей в этих системах. Для решения поставленных задач определены необходимые параметры телескопа: апертура 20-30 см, диапазон длин волн 0.8–25 мкм, угловое разрешение 0.8–1.2 секунды дуги, спектральное разрешение R=1000–3000 и чувствительность в диапазоне 10⁻¹⁵–10⁻¹³ Вт/м². Оптимальное поле зрения для спектроскопии составляет 0.5–1 угловых минут, а для фотометрии – до 10 угловых минут. Охлаждение до 50 K для ближнего ИК-диапазона и до 10 K для среднего ИК-диапазона необходимо для достижения требуемой чувствительности детекторов. Эти характеристики позволят проводить детальные исследования D-типа симбиотических звезд и получать ценные данные об их эволюции и динамических процессах.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF HEXANE EXTRACT OF LYTHRUM SALICARIA L. ROOTS
Authors: Baisalova G. , Tukhmetova Zh. , Torsykbaeva B. , Shukirbekova A. , Ussen Zh.
Published: December 2024

This study is based on the first analysis of the content of phytochemicals in a hexane extract obtained from the roots of Lythrum salicaria L.. The composition of plant metabolites was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Forty-eight compounds are identified in roots that can contribute to the medicinal potential of the plant. 74.3% of the identified compounds are fatty acids. The prevailing  fatty acids are hexadecanoic acid (29.3%) and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- (18.8%). Sesquiterpenoids, triterpenoids  are found in very small quantities. Biologically active compounds in plant roots may provide an opportunity to get future medicinal substances. For example, hexadecanoic acid, which is in large amounts in this hexane extract, has antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic, nematicidal and pesticidal activities. The second most common 9.12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-  has antimicrobial properties. In addition, other compounds found in small quantities also have biological activity. For example, phytol show anti-inflammatory activities. Topical application of docosanol is indicated in the treatment of recurrent oral-facial herpes simplex.
Regional hypertrophy of muscle cannot be predicted by surface electromyography
Authors: Zabaleta-Korta Aitor , Latorre-Erezuma Unai , Fernández-Peña Eneko , Torres-Unda Jon , Santos-Concejero Jordan
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

In the last decades, emerging evidence has shown that muscle growth is not homogeneous along a muscle head. This phenomenon is known as regional muscle hypertrophy and has led to several questions regarding the implications it may have for health and sports performance.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study was to determine whether regional hypertrophy can be predicted by surface electromyography (sEMG).

METHODS:

36 participants performed two arm exercises (preacher curls and inclined curls) in a random order to muscle failure at 70% of the 1 RM of the bicep curl exercise. As every participant performed a different number of repetitions, Peak sEMG and the integral of the sEMG of the last 3 repetitions was analyzed an compared to previously performed maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC).

RESULTS:

The independent sample [Formula: see text]-tests showed no significant differences neither in the peak nor in the integral of the sEMG between exercises for any given region.

CONCLUSIONS:

sEMG cannot be used to predict regional hypertrophy.
Significance of vasti muscle activity during voluntary isometric contraction: Pre-activation of vastus medialis for engaging vastus intermedius
Authors: Tanino Yoshitsugu , Yamazaki Wataru , Fukumoto Yuki , Yoshida Takaki , Nakao Tetsuya , Suzuki Toshiaki
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

A potential relationship may exist between the vastus medialis (VM) and the contractile efficiency of the vastus intermedius (VI) due to their anatomical connection and common innervation by the same branches of the femoral nerve. However, this relationship has not been explored using physiological experiments.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to use electromyography (EMG) to investigate the functional significance of the VI and VM muscles during isometric contraction.

METHODS:

Twenty-six healthy male volunteers underwent EMG recordings from the VI, VM, and vastus lateralis (VL) at 90∘ or 30∘ of knee flexion. The EMG pre-motor time (PMT) was measured during rapid knee extension in response to an auditory stimulus. Additionally, the M-wave latency was determined by femoral nerve stimulation and subtracted from the PMT to calculate the descending conduction time (DCT).

RESULTS:

DCT was shortest at VM, followed by VL and VI. The DCT difference of VI-VM was significantly greater than that of VI-VL during maximal effort at 90∘ of knee flexion.

CONCLUSIONS:

VM is neurally driven to act as a pre-activator that primes the VI muscle; this tendency is particularly pronounced when explosive high-moment knee extension is required.
Effects of lepidium meyenii (Maca) extract supplementation on oxidative stress, muscle damage, and aerobic capacity after exhaustive endurance exercise
Authors: Liu Ming-Che , Weng Pei-Wei , Chien Yu-Hsiu , Wu Meng-Huang , Hsu Wei-Bin , Chen Sheng-Wei , Yang Ming-Ta
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

Maca extract may regulate oxidative stress and muscle damage after exhaustive endurance exercise (EEE); however, its impact on these physiological activities remains obscure.

OBJECTIVE:

To examine the effects of Maca extract supplementation on oxidative stress, muscle damage and aerobic capacity after EEE.

METHODS:

Twenty healthy men were assigned to Maca or placebo groups and received two doses per day for 12 weeks. Pre- and post-EEE tests assessed levels of oxidative stress and muscle damage. The EEE test also recorded metrics such as time to exhaustion, peak oxygen consumption, and maximal and average heart rates.

RESULTS:

Post-exercise, there was no significant difference in oxidative stress markers between the Maca and placebo groups. However, the Maca group exhibited lower stress levels at both Post-4 and Post-24 in comparison to Post-0, while the placebo group only displayed a decrease at Post-4. Notably, Maca extract supplementation immediately increased catalase activity at Post-0. Though muscle damage markers did not significantly differ, the slope of CK elevation in the Maca group appeared lower than the Placebo group, suggesting Maca’s potential in preventing muscle damage. However, no differences were noted on aerobic capacity markers.

CONCLUSIONS:

Maca extract may have some beneficial effects on reducing oxidative stress and possibly muscle damage after EEE.
Emerging strategies to promote improved functional outcome after	peripheral nerve injury
Authors: Abrams Matthew , Widenfalk Johan
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To present a general review of experimental strategies used to improve functional outcome after peripheral nerve injury. In order to understand the mechanisms behind the strategies, the process of nerve healing after injury is described briefly and each strategy is described in its context. Since the functional outcome is not solely determined by nerve regeneration but by a number of different factors, we have also chosen to cover many other important topics.

Methods: Literature review.

Results: Review article.

Conclusions: Functional outcome after peripheral nerve injury is often poor and sometimes associated with neuropathic pain. Therapeutic intervention can be carried out at different levels and we attempt to place the different strategies and target molecules, in the context of the nerve healing process. The most obvious interventions are perhaps to minimize cell death and enhance regeneration across the lesion gap. Others, which are more difficult, may be to limit neuropathic pain, improve target finding and cortical reorganization, counteract effects of prolonged denervation/axotomy, and reduce electrical conduction block at the scar formation. Although clinical outcome is often poor at present, recent preclinical research provides several promising approaches and new target molecules for therapeutic intervention, such as neurotrophic factor (GDNF and ARTN) treatment of neuropathic pain, manipulation of the small Rho GTPases (Rac, Rho, Cdc42, Tc10), lipid raft manipulation, gene silencing with DNA enzyme and siRNA. In addition, recent research involving high throughput screening of gene expression (microarray) after nerve injury encourages the discoveries of new possible target molecules.
Coronary heart disease classification using deep learning approach with feature selection for improved accuracy
Authors: Muniasamy Anandhavalli , Begum Arshiya , Sabahath Asfia , yaqub Humara , Karunakaran Gauthaman
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the deadliest diseases and a risk prediction model for cardiovascular conditions is needed. Due to the huge number of features that lead to heart problems, it is often difficult for an expert to evaluate these huge features into account. So, there is a need of appropriate feature selection for the given CHD dataset. For early CHD detection, deep learning modes (DL) show promising results in the existing studies.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to develop a deep convolution neural network (CNN) model for classification with a selected number of efficient features using the LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) technique. Also, aims to compare the model with similar studies and analyze the performance of the proposed model using accuracy measures.

METHODS:

The CHD dataset of NHANES (National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey) was examined with 49 features using LASSO technique. This research work is an attempt to apply an improved CNN model for the classification of the CHD dataset with huge features CNN model with feature extractor consists of a fully connected layer with two convolution 1D layers, and classifier part consists of two fully connected layers with SoftMax function was trained on this dataset. Metrics like accuracy recall, specificity, and ROC were used for the evaluation of the proposed model.

RESULTS:

The feature selection was performed by applying the LASSO model. The proposed CNN model achieved 99.36% accuracy, while previous studies model achieved over 80 to 92% accuracy.

CONCLUSION:

The application of the proposed CNN with the LASSO model for the classification of CHD can speed up the diagnosis of CHD and appears to be effective in predicting cardiovascular disease based on risk features.
Reproductive health of older women with metabolic syndrome
Authors:   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Mykhaylenko O. Yu.
Published: December 2024

Numerous clinical studies have established that overweight or obesity have a significant impact on the endocrine axis: hypothalamus-pituitary-ovaries, and through the ovaries affect the oocytes and endometrium. Excessive weight gain or obesity have adverse consequences for a womеn before pregnancy, during pregnancy and after pregnancy, which can provoke a lifelong risk of comorbid conditions. Given the high prevalence of overweight and obesity and the impact of these conditions on women's reproductive health, there is a need for personalized in-depth examination of such patients.

The aim: to assess the characteristics of reproductive health of patients aged 40+ with manifestations of metabolic syndrome and to determine the improvement of diagnostics and stratification of the degree of risk of developing pathological changes.

Materials and methods: The study involved adult patients aged 40 to 49 years old: 55 women of reproductive age, 19 men and 18 women (control group). The studies were used to determine the level of glucose, insulin, Noma IR index, total cholesterol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, vitamin 25OH D3 (the indicators were determined using chemiluminescence analysis); anthropometric parameters: waist circumference, height, weight, which were used to calculate the body mass index (BMI).
The architecture of the vessels was determined by measuring blood pressure and extracranial and intracranial Dopplerography, and the condition of the heart was determined by echocardiography.
Statistical data processing was performed using a software package, in particular, the relationship between quantitative indicators was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis (rs). Statistical probability was assessed using the parametric Student t-test. The difference was considered probable with p<0.05. The relationship between quantitative and rank indicators was assessed using the Fisher coefficient variance analysis (F).

Results. A register of patients was created - adult men and women, most of whom were overweight or obese. During in-depth examinations, it was established: from the cohort of patients of reproductive age (55 patients), only 19 patients (34.54%) have a state of health that corresponds to reproductive intentions; each patient's body has personalized changes in the state of health and they can appear separately or all at the same time and, thereby, potentiate the effect of each other.

Conclusions: for women aged 40+ who have obvious health problems, pregnancy and childbirth are an unpredictable risk for their own health and the health of babies; men aged 40+ need to be aware of their responsibility for their own state of health before future descendants, so as not to introduce significant deviations into the genetic makeup.
Max Joseph von Pettenkofer – the founder of modern scientific experimental hygiene and methods of hygiene diagnostics
Authors:   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine, Fedorenko V.I. , Hushchuk I.V. ,   The National University of Ostroh Academy, Ostroh, Ukraine, Korkach V.S. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU"
Published: December 2024

The aim of the work. To follow and analyze the life and creative path of Professor Max Joseph von Pettenkofer from a student to the President of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and the organizer and director of the first Institute of Hygiene in Europe.

Materials and methods. Available printed materials were used - textbooks, manuals and electronic resources - biographical articles, Wikipedia materials, search methods, bibliosemantic historical, analytical, descriptive.

Results of the study. The creative and life path of Max Pettenkofer is traced with an emphasis on his role in the development of hygienic science. The contribution of Max Pettenkofer's scientific research, covering a wide range of chemical and hygienic problems in the formation of the experimental direction of hygienic research and the development of hygienic diagnostic methods, which brought him worldwide recognition as a scientist as the founder of modern experimental hygiene and preventive medicine, is shown.
It was determined that the principles and methods of hygienic diagnostics, founded more than a century and a half ago by Max Pettenkofer as a special system of thinking, synthesis, analysis and actions aimed at studying the factors of the human life environment (biological, chemical, physical and social), the state of human health (at the individual and population level) and establishing the relationship between the influence of factors of this environment on the health of the population, remain relevant and require further implementation in the development of a new «architecture» of the health care system at different levels of management.
Scientific directions of the Marzieiev institute for public health of the NAMN of Ukraine" in solving environmental and health problems during the russian military invasion
Authors:   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Rudnytska O.P. , Mykhailenko P.M. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Melchenko Yu.V. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Leikykh S.V. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Novokhatska S.V. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU", Korkach V.S. ,   State Institution "O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NAMSU"
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the activity of the O.M. Marzieiev Institute of Public Health to solve problems in the field of environment and health in the conditions of a full-scale military invasion and to assess its scientific and methodological potential.

The object of the study was the documentary support of the organizational and scientific support of the research work at various stages of their implementation (reports, passports, expert maps, implementation etc.).

Conclusions:
1. A high level of involvement of specialists in solving problems in the field of environmental protection and public health in the conditions of a full-scale military invasion was revealed. The preventive direction of scientific research is noted.
2. Attention is focused on the significant value of operational response to wartime challenges in the form of scientific and advisory assistance to direct appeals of relevant units of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, the National Guard of Ukraine and other power structures directly involved in combat operations and rehabilitation of servicemen.
3. It is a positive fact that not only polluting agents have come to the attention of scientists, but also the state of chronic stress, which, as is known, significantly affects the body's response to the combined action of chemical, physical, and radiation factors.
Dinamika dan Tantangan Penegakan Hukum Perampasan Aset Korporasi dalam Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang
Authors: Usman  , Surono Agus
Published: December 2024

Tindak pidana pencucian uang atau dikenal dengan istilah Money Laundering sebagai suatu kejahatan mempunyai ciri khas yaitu bahwa kejahatan  ini bukan merupakan kejahatan tunggal tetapi kejahatan ganda. Ini ditandai dengan bentuk pencucian uang sebagai kejahatan yang bersifat follow up crime atau kejahatan lanjutan, sedangkan kejahatan utamanya atau kejahatan asalnya disebut sebagai predicate offense atau core crime atau dirumuskan oleh suatu negara sebagai unlawfull actifity, yaitu kejahatan asal yang menghasilkan uang yang dikemudian dilakukan proses pencucian. Pada praktiknya, tindak pidana pencucian uang ini tidak hanya dapat dilakukan oleh perorangan, akan tetapi juga dapat dilakukan oleh korporasi. Tindak pidana oleh Korporasi merupakan tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh orang berdasarkan hubungan kerja, atau berdasarkan hubungan lain, baik sendiri sendiri maupun bersama-sama yang bertindak untuk dan atas nama Korporasi di dalam maupun di luar Lingkungan Korporasi. Korporasi dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawaban pidana sesuai dengan ketentuan pidana Korporasi dalam undang-undang yang mengatur tentang Korporasi. Proses pencucian uang, selalu memiliki koneksi dengan penyedia jasa keuangan. Pencucian uang merupakan kejahatan yang merugikan kepentingan masyarakat, serta dapat mengakibatkan ketidakstabilan ekonomi suatu negara dan secara ekonomi tidak menguntungkan Negara. Tindakan merampas aset dalam penanganan pencucian uang sangat penting karena perspektif penegakan hukumnya menggunakan pendekatan yang dikenal sebagai "follow the money" untuk menemukan peredaran uang yang terkait dengan kejahatan atau pelanggaran hukum.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Kreditor Konkuren Ditinjau Dari Prinsif Keberlangsungan Usaha dan Prinsif Keadilan
Authors: Hambali  , Hamid Adnan
Published: December 2024

Asas Keberlangsungan Usaha dalam praktik Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU) adalah suatu keharusan yang sangat penting dalam menjaga kelangsungan usaha perusahaan yang mengalami kesulitan keuangan. Prinsip ini memberikan perusahaan kesempatan untuk mencari solusi restrukturisasi yang memungkinkan kelanjutan operasionalnya, menghindari pailit yang merugikan semua pihak terkait. Perlindungan hukum yang menjadi tujuan dari dibuatnya perjanjian utang-piutang tersebut tentunya berdampak terutama pada pemenuhan hak-hak kreditor konkuren sebagai pihak yang paling dirugikan bila mana dikemudian hari terjadi hal-hal yang tidak diharapkan seperti perbuatan wanprestasi yang dilakukan oleh debitor dari perjanjian tersebut. Oleh karena itu demi tercapainya perlindungan hukum terhadap pemenuhan hak-hak kreditor konkuren, telah dituangkan pasal-pasal yang menjadi dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang. Hadirnya asas Paritas Creditorium menjadi jaminan bagi lahirnya perlindungan hukum bagi kreditor konkuren sebagaimana yang dipahami bahwasanya perlindungan hukum merupakan gambaran dari bekerjanya fungsi hukum untuk mewujudkan tujuan-tujuan hukum, yakni keadilan, kemanfaatan dan kepastian hukum. Perlindungan hukum adalah suatu perlindungan yang diberikan kepada subjek hukum sesuai dengan aturan hukum
Arbitrase Sebagai Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Diluar Pengadilan Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Arbitrase
Authors: Basri Herlina , Ibrohim
Published: December 2024

Penyelesaian sengketa melalui lembaga arbitrase lebih disukai oleh pelaku ekonomi dalam kontrak bisnis yang bersifat nasional maupun internasional, dikarenakan sifat kerahasiaan, prosedur sederhana yang mana putusan arbiter mengikat para pihak disebabkan putusan yang diberikan bersifat final dan binding. Sebagai upaya hukum dalam perkembangan dunia usaha baik nasional maupun internasional pemerintah telah mengadakan pembaharuan terhadap Undang-Undang Arbitrase Nasional dengan dikeluarkan UU No. 30 Tahun 1999 tentangg Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa. Penyelesaian sengketa melalui arbitrase dilakukan melalui klausula arbitrase yang terdiri dari dua jenis clausul arbitrase yaitu pactum de compromittendo dan acta compromise. Jenis Lembaga arbitrase yang dapat dipilih oleh para pihak untuk menyelesaikan sengketa ada Arbitrase ad hoc dan Arbitrase institusional. Mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa di awali dari tahap pemberitahuan dan jawaban kepada para pihak, kemudian diikuti dengan pemilihan dan pengangkatan arbiter, dan diakhiri dengan ppemeriksaan dan putusan. Kekuatan hukum dari putusan arbitrase adalah bersifat final dan mengikat, tetapi pengakuan dan pelaksanaan putusannya tetap harus didaftarkan ke Pengadilan Negeri. Arbitrase biasa dilakukan oleh para pengusaha (nasional maupun internasional) sebagai suatu cara perdamaian memecahkan ketidak sepahaman pihak-pihak dibidang kegiatan komersial. Bidang komersial tersebut meliputi: transaksi untuk ekspor-impor makanan, perjanjian distribusi, perbankan, asuransi, pengangkutan penumpang, pesawat udara, kapal laut, perusahaan joint venture, dan lain sebagainya
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Atas Perjanjian Klausula Baku Yang Dibuat Sepihak Oleh Perusahaan Pengelola Parkir
Authors: Kurnia Ichwan
Published: December 2024

Perlindungan konsumen merupakan hal yang sangat perlu untuk terus dilakukan karena berkaitan dengan upaya mensejahterakan masyarakat dalam kaitan dengan semakin berkembangnya transaksi perdagangan pada zaman modern saat ini. Perhatian mengenai perlindungan konsumen ini bukan hanya di Indonesia tetapi juga telah menjadi perhatian dunia. Perjanjian baku memegang peranan penting dalam dunia usaha dan perdagangan modern. Perjanjian ini biasanya dibentuk pengusaha untuk mengadakan berbagai jenis transaksi khusus. Isinya ditetapkan agar dapat digunakan lagi dalam perjanjian mengenai produk atau jasa serupa dengan pihak- pihak lain, tanpa harus melakukan perundingan berkepanjangan mengenai syarat- syarat yang senantiasa muncul. Penggunaan klausula baku dalam suatu perjanjian muncul dari kebutuhan yang ada di dalam masyarakat itu sendiri, bahwa dalam suatu hubungan bisnis yang membutuhkan suatu akta perjanjian yang cukup rumit dan menghabiskan banyak biaya, maka dengan adanya klausula baku diharapkan dapat memangkas biaya operasional yang dibutuhkan serta mempersingkat waktu. Adapun isi dari perjanjian yang lahir dari kesepakatan antara kedua belah pihak tersebut menjadi dasar bagi para pihak dalam mencapi tujuan serta kepentingan masing-masing. Penggunaan klausula baku dalam perjanjian saat ini tidak dapat dilepaskan dari kebutuhan pengusaha yang menginginkan adanya suatu perjanjian yang cepat dengan biaya yang murah sehingga dapat menghemat biaya yang dikeluarkan
ANALISIS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG PSDN DALAM MENEGAKKAN KEDAULATAN NEGARA
Authors: Immanuel Glenn Kevin
Published: December 2024

Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2019 tentang Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Nasional untuk Pertahanan Negara bertujuan untuk menuntaskan reformasi hukum di bidang pertahanan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2019 tentang Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Nasional untuk Pertahanan Negara dan arahnya jika ditinjau dari perspektif politik hukum. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian yuridif normatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan sumber hukum primer maupun sekunder. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif, dimana pemahasan serta hasil penelitian diuraikan dengan narasi berdasarkan data yang sudah diperoleh. Temuan dalam penelitian ini ialah tujuan dari penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2019 tentang Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Nasional untuk Pertahanan Negara yang dinilai kurang efektif oleh ebberapa kalangan masyarakat. Selain itu, penelitian ini menemukan arah politik hukum dari undang-undang ini untuk menuntaskan reformasi hukum pada bidang pertahanan
A Hunyadi-állás
Authors: Rakaczki István
Published: December 2024

A tanulmány bemutatja a Kárpátok északi előterén, Galícia területén kiépített magyar védelmi rendszert. A hegyvidéki területen, több lépcsőben kialakított, megerődített útzárak, körkörös védelemre berendezett raj- és szakaszállások erős védelmi pozíciókat alkottak. A Hunyadi-állás – feladatának megfelelően – lassította a Vörös Hadsereg előrejutását, jelentős élőerő- és technikai veszteségeket okozva a támadó félnek. A 4. Ukrán Front pihentetett, átfegyverzett, hegyvidéki harcra felkészített csapatai egy hónapos folyamatos hadműveleti tevékenységgel sem tudták elérni a Kárpátok vízválasztóját.
EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN SISTEM PERKULIAHAN BLENDED LEARNING DI FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS PROF, DR, HAZAIRIN, SH BENGKULU
Authors: Syaputra Yuriko Eka , Sutardi Dodo , Darmawi Edi
Published: December 2024

Evaluation is necessary for the improvement of an activity that cannot be overlooked, as evaluation is one of the components of the learning system, particularly in education systems in general, or it can also be said to be an unavoidable activity in the learning process, especially in blended learning. The effectiveness of teaching and learning activities, which is a prerequisite, can be obtained from the evaluation of blended learning. The evaluation results of blended learning can be used by universities for self-reflection and to assess the extent to which the learning conditions are created through good blended learning and the desired goals. The research approach used is qualitative research, which involves interpreting phenomena that occur in their natural context and is conducted by employing used CIPP methods. Qualitative research aims to discover and describe narratively the activities undertaken and the impact of these actions on their lives. The research findings in blended learning show that the implementation of the learning process aligns with the university's guidelines, and there is improvement in the learning process. However, this learning approach should still be enhanced to achieve optimal results.
FORMULASI KEBIJAKAN PERATURAN DESA NOMOR 02 TAHUN 2022 TENTANG APBDES DI DESA KUNGKILAN KECAMATAN PENDOPO BARAT KABUPATEN EMPAT LAWANG PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Alam Zantri , Putra Bobby Mandala , Suri Evsa Wulan
Published: December 2024

In general, a village is a legal community unit that has certain territorial boundaries and has the authority to regulate and manage the interests of the local community based on local origins and customs recognized by the state, as in Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. Kungkilan Village, in West Pendopo District, is one of the villages that has a lot of hope, but also has many difficulties that must be addressed immediately in terms of providing the necessary infrastructure, so it is very important to provide adequate infrastructure for the welfare of the community. In the public policy formulation phase, the political realities surrounding the public policy formulation process cannot be separated from the focus of the study. Resources also show optimal results where the aspects of staff, information, authority are categorized as maximum, but the facilities aspect is already maximum because there are still many facilities that are needed or updated. The Village Government needs to conduct training on how to report online without using a manual in Kungkilan Village, West Pendopo District, Empat Lawang Regency. Village officials should encourage more residents to participate in program development and find out what obstacles the community has in not being able to participate in program development in the Village. Kungkilang, West Pendopo District, Empat Lawang Regency.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI BPJS KESEHATAN KOTA LAHAT
Authors: Viani Okti , Saputra Boni
Published: December 2024

BPJS Kesehatan is part of the social health insurance system aimed at providing better access to health services to all Indonesian people. Although this program has shown success in achieving wide coverage of participants, its implementation in several areas, including Lahat City, still faces various challenges. This study aims to analyze the implementation of BPJS Kesehatan in Lahat City with a focus on service effectiveness, public understanding, and obstacles faced in its implementation. This study uses a qualitative approach with an in-depth interview method with BPJS participants, medical personnel, and BPJS administration in Lahat City. The results of the study show that although the BPJS Kesehatan program has provided great benefits to the community, there are problems related to public understanding of the program, limited health facilities that collaborate with BPJS, and difficulties in the claim administration process. The community, especially those in rural areas, still do not understand the BPJS registration mechanism and benefits. In addition, many health facilities in Lahat City are not fully adequate in terms of capacity and quality of service. In addition, the complicated administrative process is also an obstacle for many participants. To improve the implementation of BPJS Kesehatan in Lahat City, it is necessary to increase socialization to the community, improve the quality of health facilities, and simplify BPJS administrative procedures.
PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS MANAJEMEN ADMINISTRASI SD NEGERI 12 MERAPI BARAT
Authors: Sucianti Iis Dwi , Hildawati Hildawati
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the role of principal leadership in improving the effectiveness of administrative management at SD Negeri 12 Merapi Barat. The main problems faced include lack of coordination between employees, low work motivation, and limited supporting facilities in school administration. The principal leadership factor has a significant influence in creating a conducive and effective work environment, through the application of a participatory leadership style and providing clear direction. This study recommends improving the competence of principals in managerial and leadership aspects, as well as utilizing information technology to facilitate the administrative process. With these steps, it is hoped that the effectivenessof administrative management at SDNegeri 12 MerapiBarat can increase, thus supporting the achievement of educational goals optimally.
Financing start-up entrepreneurs and established
ventures – evidence from post-socialistic countries
Authors: Šutaković Teodora
Published: December 2024

Purpose. Our research includes start-ups and established ventures from developing and developed countries. We examine the main financial barriers entrepreneurs face and the main financial sources they use. Further, we investigate if financial barriers and access to financial sources are related to the demographic characteristics of entrepreneurs. Our aim is to give an empirical contribution to the research of entrepreneurship in the economies of Serbia and Slovenia as there is no recent empirical research available. We also tend to give a theoretical contribution to the theories of financing entrepreneurship. Design/Methodology/Approach. We use survey data from 631 entrepreneurs from Serbia and Slovenia. Data was collected in 2021. Quantitative methods that are used in the research include descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA, and correlation. Findings and implications. Our main findings show that the financing of entrepreneurs in examined countries is not in accordance with the Pecking order theory. Our results show that the main issues for entrepreneurs in examined countries are insignificant Government support, complex bureaucratic procedures, and strict tax regulations. As the main financial obstacle, entrepreneurs see insufficient Government support. Finally, we conclude that the relationship between demographic characteristics of entrepreneurs and their access to capital is not strong; the Upper Echelons theory is not confirmed in this case. However, the Upper Echelons theory is partially confirmed in terms of the relationship between demographic factors of gender, education, and size and entrepreneurs' perceptions of financial barriers. The main recommendation is addressed to Government bodies; as in both countries, inefficient Government support is seen as the main issue and financial obstacle for entrepreneurs.Limitations. Our research is based on a small sample and data from only two countries. Empirical recommendations for future research refer to investigating more countries of different developing levels and using a larger sample. In terms of the demographic characteristics of entrepreneurs and their influence on financial sources, future researchers may investigate a larger variety of demographic characteristics and how they influence entrepreneur’s financial decisions in different conditions. Originality. The research is focused on entrepreneurial activities in two countries of different development levels. There is scarce research on entrepreneurial barriers and finance access for entrepreneurs in this context, leading to a huge literature gap. Theoretical contribution lies in the testing of specific theories of entrepreneurial finance in the specific context of developing and developed countries, which are both post-socialistic economies.