bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pragmatical utilization of beneng taro (Xanthosoma undipes) based on local knowledge of the community of Mount Karang, Pandeglang, Indonesia
Authors: WINDARSIH GUT , RAHMA AZIZAH FAUZIAH , MULYANA DENI , HARIRI MUHAMMAD RIFQI , ERLINAWATI INA , RIASTIWI INDIRA , EFENDI MUHAMMAD
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Windarsih G, Rahma AF, Mulyana D, Hariri MR, Erlinawati I, Riastiwi I, Efendi M. 2023. Pragmatical utilization of beneng taro (Xanthosoma undipes K.Koch) based on local knowledge of the community of Mount Karang, Pandeglang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6415-6424. Beneng taro (Xanthosoma undipes K.Koch) belongs to the order Arales and family Araceae. It is one of the staple crop commodities cultivated extensively in Mount Karang, Pandeglang District, Banten, Indonesia. This research aimed to assess the utilization of beneng taro by the local community in Mount Karang. The study was classified as descriptive research. The research used exploratory surveys and participatory rural appraisal as methodological approaches. Data collection techniques were collected through interviews, questionnaires, observations, and documentation. Moreover, 30 participants were selected using purposive sampling and snowball sampling methods. The plants were sampled randomly, 5 per location, to observe morphological traits. The findings of this study indicate that there are two local cultivars of beneng taro found in Mount Karang, including green leaf sheath and red leaf sheath cultivars. All beneng taro plant parts possess significant economic worth, including leaf blades, leaf sheaths, petioles, corms, cormels, and exudates. This plant is frequently used for food and beverage, cigarettes, medicinal ingredients, fabric production, crafts, organic fertilizer, livestock feed, fish pellets, and decorative plants. However, beneng taro with green leaf sheath is more widely cultivated in the area and consumed for food and beverage.
Effect of varieties of Curcuma xanthorrhiza and extraction solvent on total phenolic, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity
Authors: YODI GARDA , ARTIKA I MADE , NURCHOLIS WARAS
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Yodi G, Artika IM, Nurcholis W. 2023. Effect of varieties of Curcuma xanthorrhiza and extraction solvent on total phenolic, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity. Biodiversitas 24: 6425-6431. Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is widely recognized for its high phytochemical content and antioxidant capacity. Therefore, this study aimed to measure yields, total phenols, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity of acetone and ethyl acetate extracts from three varieties of Temulawak, namely Cursina 1, Cursina 2, and Cursina 3. The samples were extracted using the maceration method and evaporated with a rotary vacuum evaporator. In this study, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were analyzed using a colorimetric method, while antioxidant capacity was assessed through DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The highest acetone and ethyl acetate extract yields were obtained from Cursina 2, i.e., 5.8% and 4.3%, respectively. The highest phenol in the acetone and ethyl acetate extract was from  Cursina 2, consisting of 9.55±0.37 mg GAE/g DW and 4.60±0.12 GAE/g DW. The highest flavonoid content in the acetone and ethyl acetate extract was from Cursina 2, i.e., 20.48±0.45 QE/g and 8.59±0.14 mg QE/g DW, respectively. The DPPH method showed that acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of Cursina 2 had the highest antioxidant activities, i.e., 3.28±0.03 ?mol TE/g DW and 2.11±0.04 ?mol TE/g DW, respectively. The highest antioxidant capacity based on the ABTS method was found in the acetone extract of Cursina 2 (148.91±6.10 ?mol TE/g DW) and ethyl acetate extract of Cursina 3 (84.30±5.10 ?mol TE/g DW). The FRAP method showed the highest antioxidant capacity was Cursina 2 acetone extract (115.23±2.30 ?mol TE/g DW) and ethyl acetate extract of Cursina 3 (71.88±1.48 ?mol TE/g DW). These results suggested that acetone is a more suitable solvent for the Cursina 2 variety, while ethyl acetate is more suitable for the Cursina 3 variety.
Perceptions on utilization, population, and factors that affecting local distribution of Mimusops zeyheri in the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve, South Africa
Authors: LUBISI NONHLANHA PRUDENCE , RAMARUMO LUAMBO JEFFREY , MANYAGA MUELETSHEDZI , MBENG WILFRED OTANG , MOKGEHLE SALMINA
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Lubisi NP, Ramarumo LJ, Manyaga M, Mbeng WO, Mokgehle S. 2023. Perceptions on utilization, population, and factors that affecting local distribution of Mimusops zeyheri in the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve, South Africa. Biodiversitas 24: 6432-6439. Mimusops zeyheri Sond., was once an important plant species to local communities in Southern Africa but nowadays is considered as underutilized plant. Undoubtedly, the neglect of indigenous knowledge associated with M zeyheri could lead to its gradual disappearance. This study aimed to evaluate local people‘s perceptions about the contribution of M. zeyheri to their livelihoods, population status and factors affecting its local distributions in the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Semi-structured research questionnaires were administered to 52 randomly selected respondents. The majority of respondents (67.31%) perceived the decline in the population of M. zeyheri within the studied sites. More than three-quarters of laypeople (78.6%), two-thirds of farmers (66.7%), and 57.1% of environmentalists stated that M. zeyheri possessed more economic benefits than other livelihood benefits. A total percentage of 44.20% of participants perceived fire as the main factor that negatively affects the distribution of M. zeyheri in the studied regions. Documenting information about people's perceptions regarding the contributions of M. zeyheri to local livelihoods and assessing factors that affect its local distribution is a fundamental step toward understanding its associated sociocultural values, socio-economic, and threats. Future studies should incorporate both ethnobotanical and ecological data-gathering methods and validations.
Lactic acid bacteria viability and antibacterial activity of Etawa goat's synbiotic fermented milk
Authors: RIZAL SAMSUL , SUHARYONO SUHARYONO , SUROSO ERDI , MELATININGSIH ATRI , SUYARTO VIRDA AULIA
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Rizal S, Suharyono, Suroso E, Melatiningsih A, Suyarto VA. 2023. Lactic acid bacteria viability and antibacterial activity of Etawa goat's synbiotic fermented milk. Biodiversitas 24: 6440-6446. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of kepok banana peel extract and white ginger extract (Zingiber officinale Var. Amarum) on the lactic acid bacteria viability and the antibacterial activity of Etawa goat's synbiotic fermented milk. This study used two treatments and three replications. The first treatment was the concentration of kepok banana peel extract (0, 1, 2, and 3% (v/v)) and the second treatment was the concentration of white ginger extract (0, 1, 2, and 3% (v/v)). All treatments were incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. The characteristics of Etawa goat’s synbiotic fermented milk was evaluated by total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), total lactic acid, pH value, and antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, Salmonella typhimurium. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Least Significance Different (LSD) at 5%. The results showed that kepok banana peel extract had a significant effect on increasing total LAB, total lactic acid, pH value, and antibacterial activity. Meanwhile, white ginger extract had no significant effect on total LAB, total lactic acid, and pH but had a significant effect on the antibacterial activity. The addition of 3% kepok banana peel extract and 3% white ginger extract produced the best Etawa goat's synbiotic fermented milk. The best treatments produced Etawa goat’s synbiotic fermented milk with a total LAB of 9.13 Log cfu/mL, a total lactic acid of 0.82%, 3.41 pH, and antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium with a 16.33 mm diameter clear zone.
Parasitoid of coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) at Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: SAPUTRA HIKSA MAULANA , MARYANA NINA , PUDJIANTO PUDJIANTO
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Saputra HM, Maryana N, Pudjianto. 2023. Parasitoid of coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) at Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6447-6453. The coffee berry borer (CBB), Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an essential pest of coffee plants that can cause loss and decrease in the quality of coffee berries. Parasitoids were expected to affect the presence of coffee berry borer in the ecosystem as one of its natural enemies. This study aimed to identify and describe the parasitoid of CBB in Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia. The study was conducted from June 2022 to January 2023 on three coffee cultivation located in three sub-districts in Bogor District, i.e., Cijeruk, Dramaga, and Sukamakmur. This study collected attacked coffee berries by CBB from coffee cultivation that kept the coffee berry until the parasitoids emerged and the parasitoids were identified; the morphological characters and descriptions of parasitoids CBB were presented. Ten species of Hymenopteran parasitoids belonging to five families were found. These parasitoids were Microgastrinae, Mendesellinae (Braconidae), Trissolcus sp. (Scelionidae), Anagyrus sp., Marxella sp., Procheiloneurus sp., Pararhopella sp., Parablastothrix sp. (Encyrtidae), Pronotalia sp. (Eulophidae), and Pteromalus sp. (Pteromalidae). The parasitoids of CBB in Bogor District were quite diverse, but their abundance was low.
Molecular detection of iron gene on multidrug resistant avian fecal Escherichia coli isolated from broiler on traditional markets, Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: PUTRI MARIANA FEBRILIANTI RESILINDA , KENDEK IRFAN ALIAS , WIBISONO FRESHINTA JELLIA , EFFENDI MUSTOFA HELMI , RAHARDJO DADIK , TYASNINGSIH WIWIEK , UGBO EMMANUEL NNABUIKE
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Putri MFR, Kendek IA, Wibisono FJ, Effendi MH, Rahardjo D, Tyasningsih W, Ugbo EN. 2023. Molecular detection of iron gene on multidrug resistant avian fecal Escherichia coli isolated from broiler on traditional markets, Surabaya, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6454-6460. Avian Fecal Escherichia coli (AFEC) is the cause of colibacillosis, which often infects the poultry industry throughout the world. The virulence gene influences the iroN factor, which causes systemic infections in poultry. This research aimed to determine Multidrug Resistance (MDR) in AFEC obtained from traditional markets in Surabaya. There were 96 cloacal swab samples from broiler chickens. The samples were isolated and identified using culture media in the form of Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA), gram stain, Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA), Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM), Simmons Citrate Agar (SCA), Voges Proskauer (MR-VP) indole and methyl test; detection of multidrug resistance using Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) media. The results of the isolation and identification of Escherichia coli bacteria in this study showed that 60.4% of the isolates were positive for Escherichia coli. Escherichia coli is resistant to tetracycline antibiotics by 56%, ciprofloxacin by 55%, antibiotics aztreonam 29%, kanamycin 20%, and chloramphenicol 18%. The multidrug resistance test result on Escherichia coli was 25.8%. The PCR test results for the iroN gene were 40%. Therefore, there are MDR and iroN genes in avian fecal Escherichia coli in Surabaya traditional markets; APEC with iroN gene poses the potential to affect public health.
Ethnoconservation of fishery resources in the Sapuka Islands, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: MASSISENG ANDI NUR APUNG , DARIS LUKMAN , SAMAWI MUHAMMAD FARID , JAYA JAYA , IRWANSYAH IRWANSYAH , ZAENAB ST.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Massiseng ANA, Daris L, Samawi MF, Jaya J, Irwansyah, Zaenab S. 2023. Ethnoconservation of fishery resources in the Sapuka Islands, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6461-6471. One form of sustainable management of fishery resources is establishing ethnoconservation-based zoning to create a more targeted utilization practice. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the types of ethnoconservation, analyze the distribution of fishery resources, and create ethnoconservation-based zoning in the Sapuka Islands, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The novelty of this research was that it combined regional ethnoconservation-based zoning in the Sapuka Islands community and zoning designated by government regulations. Data was collected through observation, in-depth interviews, Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), social mapping and taking coordinate points using the Global Positioning System (GPS) in the waters of the Sapuka Islands. The results showed that ethnoconservation practices related to community culture included restrictions on fishing times and a ban on catching several types of species. Meanwhile, a prohibition based on local regulations restricted fishing gear in certain water areas and prohibited damage to coral reefs. About 18 species of fishery resources were found widespread across the waters of the Sapuka Islands. There is an overlapping area between the ethnoconservation zone of local communities and the conservation zone based on the decree of the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries with an extent of 2,293.01 ha. This area can be recommended as the conservation zone, which is mutually agreed upon by both local communities and the government.
Ethnobotany of local banana (Musa spp.) variety Loka Pere in West Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: FETTIG JACOB SCOTT , PRAYOGO CAHYO , SIRAPPA MARTHEN P. , SUKIMAN SUKIMAN , BURHANUDDIN BURHANUDDIN , SULTAN SULTAN , KURNIAWAN SYAHRUL
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Fettig JS, Prayogo C, Sirappa MP, Sukiman, Burhanuddin, Sultan, Kurniawan S. 2023. Ethnobotany of the local banana (Musa spp.) variety Loka Pere in West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6472-6483. Compared to modern crop varieties, many farmers’ varieties are nutrient dense, stress tolerant, disease resistant and suited to local conditions. It is thought that increased utilization of farmers’ varieties in agrifood systems can improve rural livelihoods. One underutilized farmers’ variety is Loka Pere, a local banana (Musa spp.) in Majene District, West Sulawesi. The purpose of this research was to study ethnobotany of Loka Pere to develop its knowledge base regarding cultural importance, management and local perception of its potential, spatial dynamics and production constraints. Ethnobotany data was collected in the villages Adolang, Adolang Dhua, and Betteng through participatory observation, open-ended conversations, semi-structured interviews, and surveys. Descriptive, qualitative data was recorded alongside total use value and relative frequency of citation for its characteristic traits, ideal growth conditions, and limitations to production. Surveys included ranking and scaled perception questions. Loka Pere is an endemic farmers’ variety originating from the study area and may be locally adapted. It has a strong link to the local community’s identity - often called Manurung Adolang, or the “icon of Adolang” - and is the preferred banana of locals. It has unique phenotypic characteristics and uses, including use as a traditional fertility medicine. After approaching disappearance, local conservation projects and growing desire to utilize the resource led to its reintroduction to production systems. Respondents agreed they would benefit from its increased utilization, including development of processed products. Farmers described ideal conditions and processes for Loka Pere cultivation. It is often grown intercropped or in agroforestry systems. Limitations to production include wild boar, climate, and value chain. Loka Pere appears to be a farmers’ variety with high potential for regional development. Strengthening traditional knowledge related to its cultivation and use can aid in its reintegration into agrifood systems.
Detection of Campylobacter spp. in farmed sheep in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh: Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility status
Authors: Nobi Md. Ashiquen , Haque A. K. M. Ziaul , Islam M. Rafiqul , Islam Sk Shaheenur , Arif Mohammad , Sikder Mahmudul Hasan , Kabir S. M. Lutful
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Campylobacter infections in sheep may be asymptomatic or cause enteritis, ileitis, infertility, and abortion. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in farming sheep and to detect risk factors, molecular patterns, and antimicrobial susceptibility status of these pathogens.

Materials and Methods: Four hundred and eight fecal samples were collected from 12 flocks in the Mymensingh and Sherpur districts. Samples were tested by both basic (culture and biochemical tests) and molecular (initially 16S rRNA and later hipO gene-based polymerase chain reaction). Furthermore, the antimicrobial susceptibility status of Campylobacter jejuni was confirmed using disk diffusion. Flock- and animal-level data were captured using semi-structured interviews with farm owners under bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to confirm the risk factors for Campylobacter-positive status.

Results: The prevalence of C. jejuni staining at the animal and flock levels was 8.82% (36/408) and 66.70% (8/12), respectively. The age of sheep was identified as an important risk factor. Up to 1 year of age, sheep were 3.78 times more likely to be infected with C. jejuni (95% confidence interval: 1.0736–13.3146, p = 0.038). Of the 36 isolates of C. jejuni, all were found to be fully susceptible (100%) to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. In this study, three antimicrobial agents, oxytetracycline, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone, were fully resistant (100%). The majority of isolates were resistant to a combination of 4–6 antimicrobial agents.

Conclusion: The present study highlights the predominant maintenance of zoonotic Campylobacter species in sheep, and their burden on human health is enormous. Therefore, environmental, animal, and human health needs to be focused under a One Health lens to mitigate the occurrence of Campylobacter in farm settings and to prevent further introduction to animals and humans.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, campylobacter jejuni, identification, isolation, prevalence, risk factors, sheep.
Feline leptospirosis prevalence worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic approaches
Authors: Andityas Morsid , Nuraini Dian Meididewi , Sota Pornphutthachat , Loong Shih Keng , Sripa Banchob , Sukon Peerapol , Tangkawattana Prasarn , Tangkawattana Sirikachorn
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Leptospirosis in felids (domestic and wild cats) presents an ongoing challenge in our understanding. Numerous studies have reported the detection of Leptospira spp. in these feline populations, highlighting their potential as zoonotic carriers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide insight into the global prevalence of leptospirosis in domestic and wild cats.

Materials and Methods: We conducted extensive searches across five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Protocols guidelines. Random-effect meta-analyses were performed using R software version 4.3.0 to estimate pooled prevalence rates. Subgroup meta-analyses were conducted based on continents, diagnostic methods, sample types, and wildcat genera.

Results: A total of 71 articles on leptospirosis in domestic cats and 23 articles on leptospirosis in wild cats met the eligibility criteria. Our findings indicated a significantly higher pooled seroprevalence of leptospirosis in domestic cats compared with infection prevalence (9.95% [95% confidence interval (CI), 7.60%–12.54%] vs. 4.62% [95% CI, 2.10%–7.83%], p = 0.01). In contrast, no significant difference was observed in pooled seroprevalence and infection prevalence among wild cats (13.38% [95% CI, 6.25%–21.93%] vs. 2.9% [95% CI, 0.00%-18.91%], p = 0.21). A subgroup meta-analysis of domestic cats revealed significant differences in seroprevalence across continents, sample types, and diagnostic methods. On the contrary, wild cats had no significant differences in any of the subgroups.

Conclusion: Leptospira spp. have evidently been exposed to both domestic and wild cats, highlighting their potential roles as reservoir hosts for leptospirosis. These findings highlight the importance of considering felids as a possible public health threat.

Keywords: cat, diagnosis, felid, global prevalence, Leptospira spp., meta-analysis, natural infection.
Prevalence and diversity of gastrointestinal parasites on pig farms in Kalasin Province, Thailand
Authors: Thanasuwan Sirikanda , Piratae Supawadee , Thaowandee Keattipong , Amporn Chalothon
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Gastrointestinal (GI) parasite infections are the foremost and prevalent diseases that affect pigs in Thailand. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of GI parasites among pigs in Kalasin Province. This study is the first attempt to understand the occurrence of GI parasites in pigs within Kalasin province using fecal samples as the methodology. Materials and Methods: We collected 324 fecal samples directly from the rectums of pigs from May to July 2023. The formalin-ethyl acetate concentration and floatation methods were used to examine these samples. The eggs or oocysts were identified by observing their morphology and size under a light microscope. Results: Of the 324 fecal samples examined, 276 tested positive for gastrointestinal parasitic infections, resulting in a prevalence rate of 85.19%. Nematodes were the most prevalent, with Strongyle-type infections being the highest in 267 cases (82.41%), followed by Ascaris suum in 222 cases (68.52%), and Trichuris spp. in 152 cases (46.91%). Strongyloides spp. infections were also observed in 92 cases (28.40%). However, trematode infection was relatively rare, with only Fasciola spp. found in 15 cases (4.63%). We identified Eimeria spp. in 87 cases (26.85%), Iodamoeba spp. in 70 cases (21.60%), Balantidium coli in 67 cases (20.68%), and Isospora spp. in 52 cases (16.05%). Notably, most of the positive fecal samples showed double infections with a prevalence rate of approximately 38.27%. Single infections were the next most common, accounting for 25.31% of the cases, followed by 3 parasites (14.81%) and 4–5 parasites (6.79%). Conclusion: This study underscores the high endemicity of GI parasites among pigs in Kalasin province. To improve prevention and control measures, it is recommended to establish a health monitoring program that includes deworming and emphasizes good hygiene practices. The insights gained from this study will contribute to the enhancement of pig farming practices in Kalasin province, ultimately leading to improved production and profitability. In addition, future research should focus on detecting these parasites in Kalasin and exploring their relationship with human transmission cycle. Keywords: gastrointestinal parasites, Kalasin, pig, prevalence.
Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a review of the current state and future perspectives
Authors: Zhao Guo-zheng , Zhang Ming-bo
Published: February 2024

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a highly prevalent cancer that typically exhibits indolent behavior and is associated with a favorable prognosis. The treatment of choice is surgical intervention; however, this approach carries the risk of complications, including scarring and loss of thyroid function. Although active surveillance can mitigate the risk of PTC overtreatment, the possibility of tumor growth and metastasis can elicit anxiety among patients. Ultrasoundguided thermal ablation has emerged as a safe and effective alternative for individuals who are ineligible for or decline surgery. This article provides a review of the clinical research on radiofrequency ablation as a treatment for PTC, offering a thorough examination of its efficacy, safety, and future perspectives.
Usefulness of contrast-enhanced ultrasound-guided biopsy for suspected viable hepatocellular carcinoma after treatment: a single-arm prospective study
Authors: Yoo Jeongin , Lee Dong Ho
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)–guided liver biopsy in patients with treated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was evaluated.Methods: This study prospectively enrolled 36 patients (mean age±standard deviation [SD], 65.3±9.2 years; 31 men) who underwent CEUS-guided biopsy for treated HCC between September 2020 and April 2022, constituting the CEUS group. An additional 60 patients (mean age±SD, 60.7±12.3 years; 50 men) who underwent B-mode image-guided biopsy for treated HCC between January 2017 and December 2018 were retrospectively enrolled in the B-mode, or control, group. Biopsy success rates were compared between CEUS and B-mode groups using the chi-square test.Results: The biopsy success rate in the CEUS group was 88.9% (32 of 36 patients), which was significantly higher than the 70.0% (42 of 60 patients) observed in the B-mode group (P=0.044). No significant difference was found between CEUS and B-mode groups in the size of the lesions targeted for biopsy (mean±SD, 3.8±2.3 cm vs. 3.7±3.3 cm, respectively; P=0.332). For both the whole tumor and the viable tumor, conspicuity scores were significantly higher on CEUS than on grayscale ultrasound in the CEUS group (whole tumor: 2.7±0.5 vs. 1.8±0.9, P<0.001; viable tumor: 2.6±0.7 vs. 1.4±0.8, P<0.001). Relative to non-diagnostic results, diagnostic results more frequently exhibited a late mild washout pattern (87.5% [28 of 32] vs. 25.0% [1 of 4], P=0.004). No significant difference in the arterial enhancement pattern was noted between these subgroups (P=0.415).Conclusion: By increasing the viable-tumor conspicuity, CEUS-guided biopsy is useful for confirmative histopathologic diagnosis in patients with treated HCC.
Malignancy risk stratification and subcategorization of K-TIRADS intermediate suspicion thyroid nodules: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Lee Boeun , Na Dong Gyu , Kim Ji-hoon
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to develop the ultrasonography (US) criteria for risk stratification of the Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K-TIRADS) 4 nodules, and to evaluate the diagnostic yield of a modified biopsy criterion in a multicenter cohort.Methods: In total, 1,542 K-TIRADS 4 nodules (≥1 cm) were included in the study. US criteria for the subcategorization of K-TIRADS 4 nodules were developed based on high-risk US features. The diagnostic yields and false referral rates of biopsy criterion 1 (size cut-off of 1 cm), biopsy criterion 2 (size cut-off of 1.5 cm), and modified biopsy criterion 3 (size cut-off of 1 cm for K-TIRADS 4B and 1.5 cm for K-TIRADS 4A) were evaluated.Results: The five high-risk US features (solid composition, marked hypoechogenicity, macrocalcification, punctate echogenic foci, and irregular margin) independently increased the malignancy risk of the K-TIRADS 4 nodules (P<0.001). The K-TIRADS 4 nodules could be subcategorized into higher- and lower-risk subcategories according to the number of high-risk US features: K-TIRADS 4B (≥2 US features) and K-TIRADS 4A (≤1 US feature). The modified biopsy criterion increased the diagnostic yield by 7.8% compared with criterion 2 and reduced the false referral rate by 15.3% compared with criterion 1 (P<0.001).Conclusion: The K-TIRADS 4 nodules were subcategorized as K-TIRADS 4B and K-TIRADS 4A based on high-risk US features. The modified biopsy criterion 3 showed a similar diagnostic yield and reduced false referral rate compared to criterion 1.
Automated system of operational registration of technical changes of an enterprise of radio-electronic industry
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Kapulin D.V. , Voronkov M.S. ,   Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Russkikh P.A. ,   Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Drozd O.V. ,   Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Published: February 2024

The modern production of radio-electronic equipment is a typical example of a make-to-order type of production. With custom-made products, each order is a unique product. The repeatability of orders in the total volume of orders is quite small compared to new orders, which leads to a large increase in the product range. As a rule, manufactured products are complex, high-tech products that can have a large structure, consist of a large number of components, and have a complex manufacturing process. Thus, the implementation of the full cycle of production of products and the preparation of design documentation requires the support of specialized software. Given the complexity of finished products and the large number of participants involved in production activities, there is an exponential growth in the volume of information. Without the availability of up-to-date data and methods for quick decision making, the development and production process will not be effective. The issues of automating the tracking of operational changes in design documentation at all stages of the production of radio-electronic equipment are considered. Automated systems responsible for managing the life cycle of products are called PLM – Product Lifecycle Management – this is a strategy for the production of industrial products that manages the product at all stages of the life cycle. Existing commercial solutions in this area have redundant functionality and are difficult to integrate into the existing information space of the enterprise. Aim. Study of the process of registration of technical changes in design documentation. Methods. The article presents the process of implementing technical changes in the form of a formal model and a functional model for implementing the changelog using the IDEF0 notation. The architecture of the electronic log of operational registration of changes in the form of diagrams of UML graphic notation is presented. Results. Models for the development of an automated system for managing the electronic journal of operational registration of changes are proposed. The software implementation of the system for managing the electronic journal of operational registration of changes at a research and production enterprise is considered. Conclusion. The automated system proposed in the study allows in a short time to bring to the production shops of the enterprise information about the proposed changes in the design of a prototype product, stop production, take the necessary corrective actions and finalize the product with minimization of losses for the production of a new prototype.
Research of predictive schemes for management of the functioning of organizational and technical systems
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Akhmedyanova G.F. , Pishchukhin A.M. ,   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: February 2024

Organizational and technical systems are the most common tool for solving national economic problems. However, due to the personnel included in them, they are characterized by stochastic behavior, which raises the issue of developing their probabilistic model. On the other hand, the probabilistic apparatus is a tool for forecasting future phenomena and situations and therefore a mechanism for its use in predictive (forecast) management is needed. For this purpose, the work uses the first probabilistic approximation in the form of a Markov process and its description by the Fokker–Planck–Kolmogorov equation. The purpose of the study is to formulate and solve optimal control problems with probabilistic control quality criteria for a tracking predictive control scheme, as well as to develop a mechanism for metasystem switching of mo¬dels in the case of an adaptive scheme with a predictive model in the control loop. Materials and methods. Based on the analysis of scientific ideas and methodological approaches in predictive management of domestic and foreign authors, as well as mathematical methods and models, two schemes for implementing predictive management were selected to improve the efficiency of the functioning of organizational and technical systems: tracking schemes and adaptive management. Results. The optimal control problem was solved using two methods: Pontryagin's maximum principle and Bellman's principle of dynamic programming. It is shown that in the first case there is a convex upward strategy for achieving the target value of the controlled value with a maximizing approach, and in the second case the result is a convex downward strategy used for the optimal consumption of management resources. In addition, for another predictive control scheme – adaptive with a predictive model in the loop, the effectiveness of using the strategy of metasystem switching of models with the formulation and solution of six metasystem problems has been proven. Conclusion. The proposed approach can be used when designing management systems in organizational and technical systems and choosing behavior strategies in difficult market conditions when solving problems of their development.
Separation of gyroscopic inertial forces from centrifugal and Coriolis inertial forces
Authors:   South Ural State University, Miass, Russia, Telegin A.I.
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify in the equations of dynamics of mechanical systems generalized gyroscopic inertial forces, consisting of a part of centrifugal and Coriolis inertial forces, indica¬ting the bodies whose movements form these forces. The methods of research refer to mechanics of body systems, systems analysis and robotics. The results of the study allow us to write out general formulas for calculating generalized centrifugal, Coriolis and gyroscopic inertial forces through partial derivatives on generalized coordinates from elements of the matrix of inertial coefficients in the expression of kinetic energy of arbitrary mechanical system. In the process of analyzing these formulas for systems of bodies with an open tree structure, such as orbital stations with manipulators on board or walking vehicles in the single-supported walking phase, the bodies whose movements affect the occurrence of the listed inertial forces are highlighted. For robot manipulation systems we present examples of the equations of dynamics, in which all possible inertial forces are highlighted and the bodies that form them are indicated. Conclusion. Singling out the gyroscopic forces allows you to simplify the formula for calculating the power consumption of drives, because the power of these forces is zero. This fact, in particular, allows to simplify the expression of the minimizing functional in the problem of energy optimal control. The isolated centrifugal forces can be used to realize program motions of some bodies of manipulators with polar, cylindrical, spherical and angular coordinate systems without expenditure of power consumed by their drives.
Effective leader's modern management tools and mechanisms
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Wagner А.R. , Hollay A.V. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Korennaya K.A. ,   JSC “Kuznetsk Ferroalloys”, Novokuznetsk, Russia, Loginovskiy O.V. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Maksimov A.A. ,   State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the VIII convocation,  Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2024

The article considers the dynamics of various managerial approaches, means, methods and mechanisms used in organisational systems in the process of analysis of the activity of enterprises and organisations in order to form adequate managerial decisions by managers of companies of various types of activity. It is shown that the modern “palette” of actual methods, techniques and other means of management of an effective manager, in addition to heterogeneous managerial technologies, should include the latest methods and models created within the framework of automated systems of company management using the means of digitalisation, digital transformation, application of digital twins et al. Aim. The aim of this work is to create a comprehensive set of managerial tools, methods, and mechanisms that an effective ma¬nager should possess when preparing, adopting, implementing, and controlling managerial decisions and their outcomes. Materials and methods. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of managerial approaches, means, technologies, and mechanisms aimed at enhancing the performance of organizational systems. The analysis is based on a significant amount of scientific and technical literature. Results. The authors have developed a series of holistic tools and mechanisms to be used in the process of forming and adopting managerial decisions in organisational systems. Conclusion. The article argues that an effective manager should possess a diverse set of approaches, techniques, methods, and mechanisms to manage all processes and areas of activity in various enterprises and organizations. This includes the use of automated management systems, digitalization, and digital transformation, as well as the introduction of digital twins to improve organizational systems.
Method of assessing the effectiveness of measures to form a comfortable urban environment
Authors:   Ugra Research Institute of Information Technologies, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia, Melnikov A.V. , Galagan K.V. ,   Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the urgent problem of inconsistency of the implemented measures to form a comfortable urban environment with the real needs and expectations of citizens. It analyzes the existing methods of assessing such measures, including the index method of assessing the quality of urban environment, used within the framework of the national project “Housing and Urban Environment”, as well as va¬rious sociological studies and surveys. The shortcomings of these approaches, such as the limited sample of respondents and survey topics, are noted. The aim of the study is to develop a method for evaluating measures to form a comfortable urban environment based on semantic comparison of citizens' opinions from social networks, search queries and descriptions of the measures themselves using natural language processing algorithms. Materials and methods. To realize the set goal, an integrated approach consisting of four main stages is used. Stage 1: Pre-processing of initial text data – noise removal, reduction of words to their initial form (lemmatization) using the pymorphy2 library, identification of parts of speech (POS-tagging). Stage 2: Extraction of key word combinations (N-grams) using the TF-IDF algorithm, taking into account the frequency of usage within individual messages and in the whole text array. Calculation of N-grams significance rank. Stage 3: Obtaining a vector representation (word embeddings) for each key N-gram using the pre-trained SBERT neural network model. Step 4: Computing a measure of semantic similarity of vector representations of N-grams from different text arrays (citizens' opinions and event descriptions) based on cosine distance. The texts of citizens' opinions and descriptions of measures aimed at the formation of a comfortable urban environment related to the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug are used as input data. Results. The experiment has shown that most of the analyzed measures aimed at the formation of a comfortable urban environment are poorly correlated with the real needs of citizens. Conclusion. The proposed method can be used in decision support systems to evaluate and select the most effective measures.
A patient follow-up intervention to improve medical decision making at an internal medicine residency program
Authors: Chockalingam Leela , Keniston Angela , McBeth Lauren , Mutter Marina
Published: February 2024

Objectives

Practice-based learning and improvement (PBLI) is an ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education) core competency. Learning and reflecting on patients through follow-up is one method to help achieve this competency. We therefore designed a study evaluating a structured patient follow-up intervention for senior internal medicine (IM) residents at the University of Colorado Hospital (UCH).

Methods

Trainees completed structured reflections after performing chart review of prior patients during protected educational time. Two-month follow-up surveys evaluated the exercise’s potential influence on clinical and reflective practices.

Results

Forty out of 108 (37 %) eligible residents participated in the exercise. Despite 62.5 % of participants lacking specific questions about patient outcomes before chart review, 81.2 % found the exercise at least moderately helpful. 48.4 % of participants believed that the review would change their practice, and 60.9 % felt it reinforced their existing clinical practices. In our qualitative data, residents learned lessons related to challenging clinical decisions, improving transitions of care, the significance of early goals of care conversations, and diagnostic errors/strategies.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that IM residents found a structured patient follow-up intervention educational, even when they lacked specific patient outcomes questions. Our results underscore the importance of structured self-reflection in the continuous learning process of trainees and suggest the benefit of dedicated educational time for this process.
A case report of odonto-hypophosphatasia with a novel variant in the ALPL gene
Authors: Oto Yuji , Suzuki Daiki , Morita Tsubasa , Inoue Takeshi , Nitta Akihisa , Murakami Nobuyuki , Abe Yuuka , Hamada Yoshinobu , Akiyama Tomoyuki , Matsubara Tomoyo
Published: February 2024

Objectives

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare skeletal dysplasia caused by variants in the alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) gene. More than 400 pathogenic variants of the ALPL gene have been registered in the ALPL gene variant database. Here, we describe the case of a Japanese child with odonto-hypophsphatasia (odonto-HPP) and a novel ALPL variant.

Case presentation

At the age of 2 years and 1 month, he prematurely lost one deciduous tooth, with the root intact, when he fell and hit his face lightly. Three months later, he lost another adjacent deciduous tooth without incentive. His serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level was 72 U/L. His urine phosphoethanolamine (PEA) level was extremely high at 938 μmol/mg·Cre. The serum pyridoxal 5′-phosphaye (PLP) level was 255.9 nmol/L. Based on the clinical symptoms and laboratory findings, the patient was clinically diagnosed with odonto-HPP. Genetic analysis of the ALPL gene revealed a heterozygous variant (NM_000478.6:c.1151C>A, p.Thr384Lys).

Conclusions

We report a case of odonto-HPP with a novel variant in the ALPL gene. HPP is a rare disease, and the heterozygous mutation in the ALPL gene highlights the novelty of this case.
Features of the influence of the training program in the preparatory period of the annual macrocycle on the morpho- functional, power and speed-power indicators of armwrestlers of 14-15 years old
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Bezkorovainyi D. , Kamayev O. ,   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Orlov A. ,   Zaporizhzhia National University, Glyadya S. ,   National Technical University «Kharkov Polytechnic Institute»
Published: February 2024

Purpose: to define features of the influence of training means in the preparatory period of an annual macrocycle on morpho-functional, power and speed-power indicators of armwrestlers of 14-15 years old. Material and methods. The following methods were used in the research: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical information; pedagogical observation; pedagogical experiment; mathematical and statistical methods of the research with the use of the licensed program STATISTICA 10. The study was conducted on the territory of Poltava region in Kobeliaky on the basis of the State PTUZ «Professional Agrarian Lyceum» from January to June 2023, in which 10 armwrestlers aged 14–15 years took part who trained according to a speed- strength program Results: according to the conducted research the results of the sequential experiment are presented, which state the increase of functional indicators of cardiovascular and respiratory systems at the end of the research, also there was an increase of power indicators in all ЄДИНОБОРСТВА EDINOBORSTVA MARTIAL ARTS 2024 №1(31) 13 © Безкоровайний Д.О., Камаєв О.І., Орлов А.А., Глядя С.О. test exercises, and the increase of power was reliable (t-criterion ranged from 2,25 to 4,21 at p<0,05). Speed and power indicators (time of reaching the maximum force, speed and power index, force gradient, force for 500 ms and time of reaching the force of 1 kg) tended to improve, but reliable changes took place only in force for 500 ms and time of reaching the force of 1 kg (t- criterion ranged from 2,93 to 3,96 at p<0,05), and indicators of the left hand significantly increased. Conclusions. The block program of trainings allowed to improve considerably indicators of heart rate, blood pressure, vital index, coefficient of endurance that helped to achieve the reliable improvement of adaptive potential of young armwrestlers. During the experiment the indicators of strength of 14-15-year-old sportsmen in all test exercises increased significantly, on the basis of these changes the tendency to improvement of time of achievement of maximum force, gradient of force, speed-force index was determined, and results of the indicator of force for 500 ms and time of achievement of force in 1 kg significantly improved. Keywords: armwrestling, young athletes, explosive power, competitive exercises, speed and power indices.