bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mujeres transfronterizas: el eslabón más vulnerable del "borderland". Una comparativa entre las fronteras de México-Guatemala y España-Marruecos = Cross border women: the most vulnerable link in the borderland. A comparison between borders of the Mexico-Guatemala and Spain-Morocco
Authors: Fuentes Lara María Cristina , Quesada Herrera María Encarnación
Published: January 2019

Resumen. Este artículo es fruto de una investigación realizada en dos zonas fronterizas, que pese a estar geográficamente en áreas distintas, comparten características similares y el fenómeno objeto de la investigación, las mujeres transfronterizas. El marco teórico de esta in­vestigación se ha orientado en los estudios de la frontera (border studies) con perspectiva de género. La metodología utilizada está centrada en la etnografía como lógica de investigación social. Tras este proceso los resultados han evidenciado que son los factores estructurales los que determinan las diferencias. Sin embargo, las desigualdades de género homogeneízan sus situaciones y evidencian las diferencias entre las mujeres transfronterizas.Palabras clave: mujeres transfronterizas, borderland, globalización, hispano-marroquí, México-Guatemala.Abstract. This article is the result of a research in borders areas, that, despite being geo­graphically in different areas, they share similar characteristics and the phenomenon object of the investigation, cross border women. The theoretical framework of the research has been oriented in the border studies of the frontier with a gender perspective. The methodology used is oriented on ethnography as logic of social research. After this process, the results that have been achieved have shown that, despite being different contexts on the same social phenom­enon, structural factors determine those differences, however, gender inequalities homogenize their situations and show the differences between cross border women.Keywords: cross border women, borderland, globalization, Spanish-Moroccan, Mexico-Guatemala.
Seminario: "El mercado de trabajo y la feminización de la probreza" (II). Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (Getafe, 9 de octubre 2018)
Authors: Ferragut Moranta Clara
Published: January 2019

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Skrining Aktivitas Antimalaria Beberapa Tanaman Indonesia Hasil Eksplorasi Dari Hutan Raya Cangar, Batu-Malang, Jawa Timur
Authors: Hafid Achmad Fuad , Puliansari Nike , Lestari Nur Suci , Tumewu Lidya , Rahman Abdul , Widyawaruyanti Aty
Published: January 2019

Background: Malaria is the most important parasitic disease. Malaria control which depends on specific chemotherapy now complicated by resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to most commonly available antimalarial drug. Such situation has heralded the need for alternative antimalarial therapy. Objective: This research aim was to find new antimalarial candidates from some Indonesia plants collected from Cangar National Forest, Batu-Malang, East Java. Methods: Eleven samples of leaves and stem extracts were screened against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 culture which maintained in RPMI-1640 Medium. Samples tested in concentration of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 µg/ml. Probit analysis was used to determine IC50. Results: In vitro antimalarial activity revealed that only three crude extracts samples from Fraxinus griffithi stem extract, Piper sulcatum leaves extract and Eucalyptus globulus stem extract had good antimalarial activity with IC50 value of 0.33, 0.20 and 0.55 µg/ml, respectively. Conclusions: Fraxinus griffithi stem extract, Piper sulcatum leaves extract and Eucalyptus globulus stem extract might be a good candidate for antimalarial natural product resources.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol dan Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) dengan Metode Fosfomolibdat
Authors: Warsi Warsi , Puspitasari Gita
Published: January 2019

Pendahuluan: Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol dan fraksi etil asetat daun kemangi telah diteliti sebelumnya dengan metode 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Pengujian tentang aktivitas antioksidan dengan mekanisme lain perlu dilakukan, diantaranya ialah daya reduksi terhadap fosfomolibdat, untuk pengukuran daya antioksidan total. Suatu senyawa dikatakan aktif sebagai antioksidan apabila positif terhadap berbagai jenis uji yang mekanismenya berbeda-beda. Daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) mengandung komponen utama minyak atsiri dengan struktur kimianya yang beragam, senyawa flavonoid dan polifenol yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Perlu dilakukan fraksinasi supaya diperoleh senyawa antioksidan yang lebih spesifik. Tujuan: Penelitian ini berguna untuk mengetahui potensi antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol dan fraksi etil asetat daun kemangi dengan metode fosfomolibdat. Daun kemangi dimaserasi menggunakan etanol 70 %, kemudian difraksinasi dengan etil asetat. Metode: Ekstrak etanol dan fraksi etil asetat dianalisis aktivitas antioksidannya dengan metode daya reduksi fosfomolibdat yang diukur secara spektrofotometri pada λ 695 nm. Potensi antioksidan sampel dinyatakan dalam mg ekuivalen quercetine/g. Hasil: Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistika dengan SPSS 16 pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Daya antioksidan total ekstrak etanol daun kemangi dengan konsentrasi 1,50; 1,75; 2,00; 2,25; 2,50 dan 2,75 mg/mL berturut-turut ialah 47,292; 54,840; 57,870; 66,640; 77,234 dan 84,754 mgQE/g. Sedangkan daya antioksidan total fraksi etil asetat daun kemangi dengan seri konsentrasi 0,50; 0,65; 0,80; 0,95; 1,10 dan 1,25 mg/mL berturut-turut adalah 44,720; 54,646; 66,936; 73,776; 84,606 dan 94,210 mgQE/g. Kesimpulan: Analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan total fraksi etil asetat lebih tinggi apabila dibandingkan dengan ekstrak etanol daun kemangi.
Profil Pengelolaan dan Ketersediaan Obat Anti Diabetes Oral di Puskesmas
Authors: Rahem Abdul
Published: January 2019

Pendahuluan: Ketersediaan obat di puskesmas merupakan aspek yang sangat penting dalam menjamin kerasionalan penggunaan obat oleh pasien, dan membangun kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan tersebut. Pengelolaan obat di puskesmas haruslah baik dan benar, karena pengelolaan yang baik dan benar akan menjamin ketersediaan obat sesuai dengan kebutuhan puskesmas. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui profil pengelolaan dan ketersediaan obat antidiabetes oral pada Puskesmas di Kabupaten Pamekasan. Metode: Desain penelitian deskriptif observasional, metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumen. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 11 puskesmas di Kabupaten Pamekasan. Hasil: Semua puskesmas melakukan perencanaan pada awal tahun dengan menggunakan pola konsumsi sebagai pertimbangan menentukan jenis dan jumlah kebutuhan obatnya. Pengadaan kepada Dinas Kesehatan dilakukan pada saat obat akan habis atau sesuai kebutuhan.  Penyimpanan obat di puskesmas 72,72 % tidak sesuai dengan standar yang berlaku, ketersediaan obat antidiabetes oral dengan kategori aman hanya 23,3%. Kesimpulan: Pengelolaan obat pada 11 puskesmas di Kabupaten Pamekasan belum sesuai dengan standar, dan ketersediaan obat dengan kategori aman hanya 23,3%.
Pengetahuan Siswa Lulusan SMA Terhadap Tugas Apoteker di Berbagai Bidang Kerja Kefarmasian
Authors: Ratri Dinda Monika Nusantara , Puspitasari Arina Dery
Published: January 2019

Pendahuluan: Apoteker adalah profesi kesehatan yang kompeten terkait pengelolaan obat-obatan. Banyak upaya yang dilakukan oleh organisasi profesi agar peranan Apoteker dalam melakukan pekerjaan kefarmasian lebih dirasakan kehadirannya. Siswa lulusan SMA merupakan calon mahasiswa yang akan meneruskan jenjang pendidikan ke tingkat lebih lanjut, sehingga pengetahuan calon mahasiswa terkait sebuah profesi penting diamati untuk mengetahui strategi promosi pendidikan farmasi yang dapat dilakukan. Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengamati pengetahuan siswa lulusan SMA terhadap tugas Apoteker diberbagai lingkungan kerja kefarmasian Metode: Studi ini merupakan studi cross sectional dengan metode pengambilan accidental sampling. Total 128 siswa lulusan SMA diberikan kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan terkait tugas Apoteker diberbagai bidang kerja kefarmasian, selanjutnya hasil kuesioner tersebut dilakukan penilaian terkait tingkat pengetahuan. Hasil: Dari studi ini didapatkan persentase siswa yang memiliki pengetahuan baik terkait perihal yang dipelajari dalam  pendidikan farmasi hanya 37 (28,91%.) responden. Pengetahuan baik tentang pekerjaan kefarmasian yang dilakukan seorang Apoteker paling tinggi adalah dilingkungan kerja pengawasan obat dan makanan yakni sebesar 87 (67,97%) responden, selanjutnya Apotek 85 (66,41%) responden, Rumah Sakit 77 (60,16%) responden  dan Industri 68 (53,12%) responden.  Kesimpulan: Skor pengetahuan siswa lulusan SMA terkait tugas Apoteker tertinggi adalah di area pengawasan obat dan makanan, sedangkan paling rendah di area industri.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A DIMENSÃO TEÓRICA DO PENSAMENTO DE LEWIS R. GORDON PARA A PRODUÇÃO INTELECTUAL NEGRA BRASILEIRA
Authors: SILVA Rosemere Ferreira da
Published: January 2019

O artigo apresentado discute a importância da dimensão teórica do pensamento de Lewis Ricardo Gordon para a produção intelectual negra brasileira, problematizando o conceito de intelectual negro, através da ênfase ao trabalho com a filosofia africana como base de um tipo de conhecimento produzido pela experiência da existência negra na diáspora.
Palavras-chave: Lewis R. Gordon; Filosofia Africana; Existencialismo Negro; Intelectuais Negros.
Platinum and Rhodium in Potatoes Samples by Using Voltammetric Techniques
Authors: Orecchio Santino , Amorello Diana
Published: January 2019

Potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum having high nutritional values. This paper is the first analytical approach to quantify Pt and Rh in vegetal food. In this study a total of 38 different potatoes samples produced in Europe and one in Australia were investigated. Determinations of Pt and Rh in potatoes samples were carried out by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV/a) for platinum and by Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry (AdSV) for Rh using standard addition procedure. Because no certified reference potatoes containing platinum and rhodium are available, we used addition standard method. The quantification limits for Pt and Rh are 0.007 and 0.0008 μg Kg−1 respectively. Considering all the potatoes samples, concentrations of Pt and Rh vary in the ranges from 0.007 to 109 μg Kg−1 (sample n° 6 potatoes grown in Sicily) and from 0.0008 to 0.030 μg Kg−1 (sample n°23 of potatoes grown in Emilia Romagna) respectively. For both metals, in many cases the concentrations fall near the quantification limit. In all the samples, platinum is always more abundant than rhodium and their ratio meanly is 14500, which is much greater than that of the earth's crust (about 100).
Mechanisms of Aggresome Biogenesis: Ubiquitination, Transport, & Maintenance
Authors: Keefe AJ
Published: January 2019

Neurodegenerative diseases are universally marked by the accumulation of misfolded protein. Neurons respond to these proteostatic disturbances by sequestering, and thus inactivating, toxic misfolded proteins into a perinuclear organelle called the aggresome. The aggresome can be subsequently degraded in bulk by autophagy, a process termed aggrephagy. The formation of protein aggregates has historically been considered a spontaneous and unregulated process, but emerging research has instead discovered a diverse cohort of regulatory proteins that mediate protein aggregation. Chaperones are the first proteins to respond to misfolded proteins, and do so by recognizing the aberrant exposure of hydrophobic domains. When chaperones are unable to correctly refold proteins, their substrates are  transferred to ubiquitin ligating machinery to catalyze polyubiquitination. Although ubiquitin chains typically direct proteins towards proteasomes, severe proteotoxic stress can overwhelm, or even directly inhibit, proteasomes. As an alternative to proteasomal degradation, misfolded proteins are redirected towards the mitotic organizing center (MTOC) and, following retrograde transport by dynein, are packaged and sequestered within an intermediate filament (IF) cage to form the aggresome. The biogenesis of the aggresome is thus a highly regulated event, and a better understanding of the mechanisms facilitating this process will provide critical insight into neurodegenerative disease.
Microscopic Equations of State, Thermodynamical Properties, and System Collapse: Application of the Dynamical Equation of Period Vectors in Crystal Structure Prediction under External Temperature and Stress/Pressure
Authors: Liu Gang
Published: January 2019

In crystal structure prediction, Newton's second law can always be applied to particles (atoms or ions) in a cell to determine their positions. However the values of the period vectors (crystal cell edge vectors) should be determined as well. Here we applied the dynamical equations of period vectors derived recently based on Newton's laws (doi:/10.1139/cjp-2014-0518) for that purpose, where the period vectors are driven by the imbalance between the internal and external pressures/stresses. For equilibrium states, they became equations of state, which essentially turn out the equilibrium conditions of crystals from mechanical point of view. Additionally for external pressure, they became Mie-Gruneisen equation supposing the Gruneisen constant is 1/3, which means phonon frequency is inversely proportional to the cell length. Since the internal stress has both a full kinetic energy term and a full interaction term, the influences of both external temperature and stress/pressure on crystal structures can be calculated, then thermodynamical properties and processes were presented. Contrary to usual ideas, the equations show that pure harmonic vibrating phonons can result in thermal expansion in crystals when the external temperature is changed. Finally, crystal system collapse due to temperature and/or stress/pressure change was discussed.
Peran Kompetensi Penyuluh Pertanian pada Keterampilan Petani Bawang Merah
Authors: Bahua Mohamad Ikbal
Published: January 2019

Penyuluh pertanian dalam upaya mengubah perilaku petani bawang merah menjadi petani yang berkualitas perlu mempunyai kompetensi teknis budidaya tanaman maupun kompetensi manajerial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik penyuluh pertanian, menganalisis faktor-faktor kompetensi penyuluh pertanian yang berhubungan dengan keterampilan petani bawang merah, dan menganalisis kekuatan hubungan kompetensi penyuluh pertanian dengan keterampilan petani bawang merah. Metode penelitian ini adalah ex post facto. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Data penelitian di analisis menggunakan uji Korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penyuluh pertanian di Kabupaten Gorontalo tersebar pada sejumlah karakteristik individu, yaitu: umur penyuluh, masa kerja, jumlah petani binaan, tingkat pendidikan, dan pelatihan yang pernah diikuti penyuluh. Kompetensi penyuluh memiliki keeratan hubungan dengan keterampilan petani bawang merah melalui dimensi kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi andragogik, kompetensi profesionalisme, dan kompetensi sosial.
Sektor Pertanian: Faktor Utama Penentu Kemiskinan Jawa Barat
Authors: Satrio Indra
Published: January 2019

Penjelasan mendasar mengenai faktor yang menyebabkan kemiskinan merupakan strategi yang efektif untuk memberantas kemiskinan. Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan data rumah tangga untuk menganalisis faktor penentu kemiskinan karakteristik rumah tangga di Jawa Barat. Dengan menggunakan regresi model logit, variabel dependen terdiri dari dua bagian, yaitu rumah tangga miskin dan rumah tangga tidak miskin. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa usia dan lama pendidikan dari kepala rumah tangga, serta pekerjaan di sektor pertanian, industri dan perdagangan, secara signifikan menjelaskan variasi kemungkinan menjadi miskin. Variabel usia, lama pendidikan, dan pekerjaan kepala rumah tangga di sektor industri dan perdagangan, mengurangi kemungkinan menjadi miskin, sedangkan pekerjaan di sektor pertanian dikaitkan dengan kemungkinan terbesar rumah tangga untuk menjadi miskin.
Experimental Study of Low-Temperature Shale Combustion and Pyrolysis Under Inert and Noninert Environments
Authors: Chen Wei , Zhou Yu , Yu Weigang , Yang Leilei
Published: January 2019

In this study, shale samples were heated under inert and noninert environments to increase the permeability of the shale. The nanoscale pore structure changes under combustion and pyrolysis [air, nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and argon (Ar)] conditions were investigated. It was found that pore diameters increased under all the gas environments. Pore diameters increased more significantly under air environment compared with other gas conditions. However, the diameters of the shale particles remained almost constant during combustion. Moreover, gases emitted from the shale during the combustion and pyrolysis process were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis coupled to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR). Finally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed larger pores on the surfaces of the combusted and pyrolyzed shale samples.
Fertilizer and Cultivar Selection of Lettuce, Basil, and Swiss Chard for Hydroponic Production
Authors: Singh Hardeep , Dunn Bruce , Payton Mark , Brandenberger Lynn
Published: January 2019

Nutrient-film technique (NFT) trials were conducted to quantify the effect of two different water-soluble hydroponic fertilizers (5N–4.8P–21.6K and 5N–5.2P–21.6K) on different cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), basil (Ocimum basilicum), and swiss chard (Beta vulgaris). Results indicated swiss chard yield was affected only by cultivars, with Fordhook Giant producing the greatest fresh weight across fertilizer treatments. For lettuce production, interaction between fertilizers and cultivars was significant. ‘Mirlo’ and ‘Rubysky’ had greater growth compared with other cultivars in both fertilizers, whereas Dragoon performed well using 5N–4.8P–21.6K, but not 5N–5.2P–21.6K. For basil, dry weight production showed a significant interaction between fertilizers and cultivars. ‘Largeleaf’ produced greater dry weight with 5N–4.8P–21.6K, whereas ‘Lemon’ produced greater dry weight with 5N–5.2P–21.6K. For nutrient concentration of leaves, the concentrations were within the recommended range for lettuce when fertilized with 5N–5.2P–21.6K. Nutrient concentrations varied by nutrient from the recommended range for basil, but there was no significant difference between fertilizers. For swiss chard, the nutrient concentrations were in the recommended range and there was no difference between fertilizers. Therefore, growers may need to use more than one type of fertilizer for different lettuce and basil cultivars for optimum production, whereas swiss chard cultivars can be selected based on yield regardless of fertilizer.
Stub Length and Stub Angle Did Not Influence Renewal Shoot Number or Branch Angle of Tall Spindle ‘Gala’/Malling 9 Apple Trees
Authors: Schupp James R. , Winzeler H. Edwin , Schupp Melanie A.
Published: January 2019

Renewal of limbs by pruning to leave a short, angled, upward-facing stub is common practice for spindle-type apple (Malus ×domestica) training systems. A short, beveled stub cut is thought to stimulate renewal growth from latent buds present underneath the base of the excised branch, and to stimulate smaller, more fruitful renewal limbs with wide crotch angles. We conducted trials over the course of 2 years that involved dormant pruning of ‘Buckeye Gala’ with renewal cuts to compare two stub lengths, 0.5 and 2 cm, and three stub orientations, upward facing, downward facing, and vertical facing, to determine the effects on renewal shoot number, position, angle, and length. We found no clear advantages with either stub length that we evaluated, and there was no improvement in renewal shoot quality with a bevel cut at any orientation. Stub length and stub angle did not influence limb renewal and may be unimportant for training orchard-pruning crews and for machine-learning and robotic pruning.
Understanding Carbon Footprint in Production and Use of Landscape Plants
Authors: Ingram Dewayne L. , Hall Charles R. , Knight Joshua
Published: January 2019

Understanding carbon footprint (CF) terminology and the science underlying its determination is important to minimizing the negative impacts of new product development and assessing positive or negative cradle-to-grave life-cycle impacts. Life cycle assessment has been used to characterize representative field-grown and container-grown landscape plants. The dominant contributor to the CF and variable costs of field-grown trees is equipment use, or more specifically, the combustion of fossil fuels. Most of that impact is at harvest when heavy equipment is used to dig and move individual trees. Transport of these trees to customers and the subsequent transplant in the landscape are also carbon-intensive activities. Field-grown shrubs are typically dug by hand and have much smaller CFs than trees. Plastics are the major contributor to CF of container-grown plants. Greenhouse heating also can be impactful on the CF of plants depending on the location of the greenhouse or nursery and the length and season(s) of production. Knowing the input products and activities that contribute most toward CF and costs during plant production allows nursery and greenhouse managers to consider protocol modifications that are most impactful on profit potential and environmental impact. Marketers of landscape plants need information about the economic and environmental life-cycle benefits of these products, as they market to environmentally conscious consumers.
Gado homeopatizado, leite melhorado: um relato de experiência da Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Figueiredo dos Santos Lidiane , Santos Regina Aparecida de Figueiredo
Published: January 2019

O crescente uso de produtos químicos no controle de parasitas de bovinos têm sido um dos grandes problemas enfrentados pela pecuária brasileira. Assim, diante da demanda dos alunos de uma escola do campo, localizada na Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais - Brasil, criou-se esse projeto, cujo objetivo foi fomentar novas práticas de produção no segmento pecuário. Com o projeto, os agricultores da região passaram a utilizar a homeopatia como alternativa ao controle químico de parasitas.
TWENTY FIVE YEARS FIGHTING FOR WOMEN’S HEALTH AND RIGHTS: SOME PROGRESS BUT STILL A LONG WAY TO GO
Authors: Temmerman Marleen
Published: January 2019

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of 25 years women’s health and rights, a difficult journey with steps forward and backwards since the landmark conference in 1994 when reproductive rights were for the first time on the menu. However, although great strides have been made in reducing maternal and child mortality since then, among others by the United Nations with the establishment of the Millennium Development Goals for 2015, showing that change is possible, many countries are still lagging behind in reaching the goals. While the new global architecture, in particular with the Sustainable Development Goals and the Global Strategy for Women’s, Children’s and Adolescents’ Health, ensures that these issues remain high on the political agenda, this paper argues that we must move from political commitment to action, via the creation and dissemination of research evidence. As the Founding President of the Ghent Africa Platform (GAP) at Ghent University, I still believe GAP has an important role to play regarding this international collaboration and dissemination of scientific knowledge.

KEYWORDS: WOMEN’S HEALTH, WOMEN’S RIGHTS, REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS, UN DEVELOPMENT GOALS
PIRANTI KOMPUTASIONAL SYSTEMIC CODER SEBAGAI ALAT BANTU ANALISIS TEKS BERBASIS SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR
Authors: Wiedarti Pangesti
Published: January 2019

This article first presents the Systemic Functional Grammar(SFG), developed by Halliday (1985, 1994) and Halliday andMatthiessen (2003), one grammar that can be used in languageanalysis. Then it describes briefly the use of the Systemic Coder (SC),a computational tool developed by O’Donnell (1994) that is especiallybeneficial for linguists to employ in language analysis based on SFGwhen they have to deal with huge corpora and need quick resultsas it facilitates getting comprehensive data characteristics in arelatively short time. SC is applicable in Indonesia as its platform isthe commonly used MSWord and it can be utilized in analyzing anylanguage employing the Latin alphabet. There are other advantagesof SC application, which understandably requires, among others,one’s mastery of SFG.Keywords: systemic functional grammar, systemic coder, languageanalysis
MEMBACA KOMIK CRAYON SHINCHAN DENGAN WACANA POSMODERNISME
Authors: Purbani Widyastuti
Published: January 2019

This article is concerned with a heated controversy about the Crayon Synchancomic serial and aims at producing an alternative reading view using a postmodernperspective. Situating the text concerned in the discourse of postmodernism,referring especially to its view on the fall of grand narratives, the use of parody andintertextuality, the way it posits readers, the aestheticization of ordinary life, andthe way it sees the human body and sexuality, we could render more understandingand fair value judgment and therefore restrain our prejudice towards this text.Keywords: postmodernism, metanarrative, parodyA.
SUMBANGAN KOSA KATA BAHASA SANSEKERTA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA INDONESIA DAN JAWA BARU
Authors: - Hardiyanto , Widayat Afendy
Published: January 2019

In their development, the languages referred to as Bahasa Indonesia (orBI, for short) and New Javanese (or NJ, for short) have absorbed a quantity oflexicon from Sanskrit. Much of the same lexicon has been absorbed from Sanskritinto BI and NJ. Granted that BI and NJ influence each other, perhaps BI hasabsorbed the Sanskrit lexicon from NJ or vice versa. However, referring tohistorical aspects, it is highly likely that the two have had access to Sanskrit froman old or ancient version of Javanese because Sanskrit has no longer been a livinglanguage since the 10th century.The process of the absorption of the Sanskrit lexicon into BI and NJ isdivisible into at least three types: (1) without phonological, morphological, andsemantic changes, (2) with phonological and semantic changes but withoutmorphological changes, (3) with phonological changes but without morphologicaland semantic changes, The last-mentioned type is further divisible into at least fivesub-types: (1) with a consonant shift, (2) with a long vowel changed into a shortone, (3) with a double consonant changed into a single one, (4) with a phonologicaladdition, and (5) with a phonological elimination.Keywords: Sanskrit, Bahasa Indonesia, Javanese, lexical contribution
PERGESERAN BAHASA SEBAGAI DAMPAK SIKAP BAHASA
Authors: Pratiwi Dwiyani
Published: January 2019

impacts on the development of the languages used by the community concerned.One of the impacts is language shift. Factors that are conducive to language shiftare varied. One of these factors is language attitude. This article discusses a furtherimpact that language shift itself can in turn cause, i.e., language death, its process,and the efforts made by individuals, social groups, and the government in authorityto maintain the existence of a language, which implies language maintenance.Keywords: language shift, language maintenance
ILMU BAHASA DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM
Authors: Suyitno Imam
Published: January 2019

Before linguistics began to have its own paradigms, studies on languagehad been made by using paradigms derived from other disciplines. Language wasdescribed from the view points of philosophy, mechanistic physics, and biology.The studies could not answer questions about what language really is. Whenlinguistics finally had its own paradigms and established itself as an autonomousdiscipline, its studies on language could satisfactorily explain the nature oflanguage and answer questions about the ontology of language. Since thatmoment, studies on language have been growing up enormously and their findingsare significantly giving colors to linguistic studies. The development of linguisticstudies has implied and carried out changes in the orientation of language teachingin general and the teaching and learning of Bahasa Indonesia in particular.Keywords: linguistics, standard grammar, language teaching
TINDAK TUTUR DALAM PERSPEKTIF KAJIAN WACANA
Authors: Suyitno Imam
Published: January 2019

All members of a society master at least one language and use it ininteraction and communication by which they are able to conduct social functionsto express their nature as social beings. As social activities, the interaction andcommunication reflect cultural products expressed in conversational discourse.With regards to the speech act theory, the discourse always occurs in a speechsituation, in which a speech event occurs. Speech events consist of speech acts. Onthe basis of these paradigms, we can conclude that in nature discourse is a set ofspeech acts so that the speech act theory can be used as an approach to analyzingdiscourses.Keywords: speech acts, discourse, discourse analysisA.
SAPAAN NAMA DALAM RELASI KELUARGA DAN MASYARAKAT JAWA DAN FUNGSINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA JERMAN
Authors: Sahayu Wening
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article is based on a paper aiming at describing (1) a classification ofgreetings by name based on form and interpersonal relationship in the life of theJavanese society and family, (2) the norms used in greetings by name ininterpersonal relationships within the Javanese society and family, and (3) thefunction of the usage of such greetings in the teaching and learning of German.The is biased on data compiled by means of a method of listening andspeaking with baiting techniques and analyzed by means of intralingual andextralingual comparative methods. To distinguish extralingual factors, acomponential analysis was used. Norms of alternation and co-occurrence werealso used to determine greeting alternatives.The results are that (1) in form the greetings by name used by the subjectsunder study can be differentiated into phonological and syntactical ones:shortened name, name of endearment, kinship term plus name, kinship term plusprofession/rank/degree plus name, nickname, and adult name, (2) the norms usedare of two types, alternation and co-occurrence, and (3) a study on greetings byname in the Javanese society can function as a provider of items for comparison ina study on German and particularly for the subject matter of KontrastiveKulturkunde.Keywords: greetings by name, Javanese society, GermanA.
KESULITAN-KESULITAN KHUSUS DALAM PEMAHAMAN BACAAN BAHASA INGGRIS DI KALANGAN PEMBELAJAR LANJUT INDONESIA (TYPICAL READING COMPREHENSION PROBLEMS AMONG INDONESIAN ADVANCED LEARNERS)
Authors: Johan A. Ghani
Published: January 2019

Every learner or group of learners at a certain stage of learning may have certaindifficulties of their own; so is the case with students undertaking English readingcomprehension. There are reading skills presenting reading difficulties toIndonesian learners. Some of them can be overcome at early stages of theirlearning; some others remain inherent problems throughout their study. Teachersfrequently assume that everything they previously presented to their students hasbeen understood and put into practice by their students. The fact is that it is notalways the case. It often turns out that the learners are still not yet able to apply theknowledge that has been taught or the reading skills that has been developed. Thishappens because of incomplete understanding or lack of practice or due to thecomplexity of the language features being studied. On the basis of the writer’sobservation and experience in teaching reading comprehension and translation,the writer opines that there are some language features and constructions inEnglish which present typical problems even to such Indonesian advancedlearners as students at the English Language Education Department, Faculty ofLanguages and Arts, State University of Yogyakarta, in their fourth to eighthsemesters. Those language features and constructions are, among others, nounphrases, free adjuncts or participial phrases, the formal it, the pronouns that andthose, clues to subject-predicate identification, various word functions andmeanings (included in word identification), signals for reading between the lines,and discourse markers.Keywords: typical reading problems, reading skills
RESENSI BUKU: READING TO LEARN IN THE CONTENT AREAS
Authors: Syamsi Kastam
Published: January 2019

Resensi BukuREADING TO LEARN IN THE CONTENT AREAS(Judy S. Ricahrdson, Raymond E. Morgan, Charlene Flener, Sixth Edition, 2006,Belmont CA: Thomson Higher Education, xxi, 501 pp.)
REPRESENTATION OF JAVANESE MESSIANIC MANIFESTO IN THE DOMAIN OF IMPERIAL LITERATURES
Authors: Ali Moch.
Published: January 2019

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melacak dan mendeskripsikan representasi manifesto messianisme Java pada ranah karya-karya sastra keraton. Sejak semula, masyarakat Jawa memiliki ideologi tentang manifesto messianisme sebagai identitas kultural. Pada ranah politik kerajaan Jawa, sebenarnya ideologi ini dianggap sebagai wahana orientasi kosmik. Sejak era kerajaan Kediri, masa kebudayaan Jawa-Kuna (Jawa Hindu-Buddha), hingga era kerajaan Mataram, masa kebudayaan Jawa-Islam; para 'rakawi' dan 'pujangga' telah mengadopsi, mengembangkan, mengkristalkan, mereformulasikan, bahkan telah merekayasa ulang tentang episteme messianik Jawa melalui proses pengimitasian konsep messianisme Kitab-kitab Suci dari peradaban Semit (Arab) dan Arya (India). Temuan yang berkaitan dengan pengaruh kultur keagamaan manca tentang manifesto messianisme asing dalam teks-teks tertulis berbahasa Jawa, dapat dianalisis melalui karya-karya sastra keraton yang menyuarakan kronologi profetisme Jawa, seperti Kakawin Bharatayudha, Kakawin Sutasoma, dan Kitab Primbon Quraisy Adammakna. Dalam sejarah sastra Jawa, karya-karya sastra yang bersifat messianik, yang digubah oleh para penulis keraton, kenyataannya telah menciptakan konsep yang tidak berbeda, meskipun mereka menggunakan istilah-istilah religiositas dari agama Hindu, Buddha, maupun Islam. Dalam konteks ini, ideologi messianistik Jawa dapat diidentifikasi dan direpresentasi melalui dua hal (1) orientasi messiansime etnik yang merujuk pada paradigma identitas kultural Jawa, dan (2) orientasi eskatologi messianisme Jawa Islam.Key words : Hindu, Buddha, Islam, Indic, Semitic, Brahmanic, Abrahamic, incarnation, Javanese, messianic episteme.
CABLAKA SEBAGAI INTI MODEL KARAKTER MANUSIA BANYUMAS
Authors: Priyadi Sugeng
Published: January 2019

Cablaka is the central of model care of the Banyumas man character. The character perceived by the outers that Banyumas man have no regard on ethics, they are vulgars, or be even they behave unwell because they rude their attitude can hurt others. Moreover, they speak many vulgar words. Cablaka has internalized into a whole circle of Banyumas man model through their egalitary, freedom, and frankliness impressed to be a vulgarity.Keywords : cablaka, model care, character, ethics, vulgar words, egalitary, freedom, and frankliness.
KURIKULUM BAHASA INDONESIA: PROBLEMATIKA DI LAPANGAN
Authors: Yulianto Bambang
Published: January 2019

Those putting KBK/KTSP (short for Kurikulum Berdasar Kompetensi/Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan or the Competency-Based Curriculum/theCurriculum at the Level of Educational Unit) of Bahasa Indonesia into practicestill encounter an abundance of problems in the field. The problems involve itsimplementation in relation to the teachers, the students, and the supportingfacilities. The implementation has indicated (a) the teachers' lack of understandingof the curriculum of Bahasa Indonesia in both the addition of basic competenciesand the concepts of learning concerning linguistic aspects; (b) the teachers'apathetic attitude towards the curriculum because of their desire for uniformityand the increasingly heavier load of their duties; and (c) the teachers' lack ofknowledge of efforts for maximum development of the curriculum such aspracticing authentic assessment, selecting suitable lesson books, and runningremedial and enrichment programs. As an impact of the implementation on thestudents, a sufficiently large number of students feel burdened with KBK becausethey already have many assignments in both their regular and remedial classes. Asan impact of the implementation on the support facilities, it has brought to lightthat regional schools lack the facilities that could meet the demands of thecurriculum.Keywords: KBK/KTSP, teachers' attitude, impacts, problemsA. PENDAHULUAN mendorong pemikiran diperlukannya otonomiSalah satu implikasi diberlakukannya pendidikan.otonomi daerah adalah otonomi pendidikan. Di Dalam otonomi pendidikan terbukasamping karena adanya fakta hasil pendidikan peluang untuk menciptakan pendidikan diyang tidak merata di setiap daerah, seringkali daerah menjadi lebih berkualitas karena pejabatkebutuhan dan permasalahan pendidikan daerah memiliki wewenang yang luas untukdaerah yang berbeda-beda selalu diatasi dengan melakukan antisipasi dalam rangka meningkatcarayang sama, seragam. Apalagi, kebijakan kan kualitas pendidikan di daerahnyapusat seringkali tidak sesuai dengan kondisi di (Mudjiharto, 2000; Suyanto, 2001). Kegiatanlapangan selain juga datangnya sering terlalu rekrutmen untuk kepala sekolah, guru, danterlambat sampai di tingkat bawah (daerah). siswa; pembinaan profesionalisme guru;Dalam hal yang demikian potensi akademis penentuan sistem evaluasi; dan sebagainyayang ada di daerah tidak bisa dimanfaatkan ditentukan oleh daerah (pemerintah provinsi,secara maksimal (Suryadi, 2001). Akibatnya, sekolah, dan masyarakat) (lihat Stinnett, 1968;kondisi tersebut tidak mampu memacu Dorros, 1978). Dengan demikian, kualitaspersaingan yang sehat untuk meningkatkan hasilnya sangat ditentukan oleh kemampuankualitas pendidikan, kecuali untuk memenuhi dan kemauan daerah (Kompas, 2001).target kebijakan. Kenyataan inilah yang ikut26
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PUISI SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI SUMBERSARI III MALANG DENGAN STRATEGI PEMETAAN PIKIRAN
Authors: Sukma Elfia
Published: January 2019

This article is about a classroom action research conducted to improve theability of students in Grade V, Elementary School of Sumbersari III, Malang, inwriting poetry by means of a mind-mapping strategy. With the low level of thestudents' ability in writing poetry as the background of the research, the researchwas conducted in two cycles, each of which consisted of the stages of planning andimplementation. Each stage consisted of the activities of (a) finding anddeveloping ideas, (b) writing, (c) presentation, and (d) evaluation. The results ofthe research indicate that the use of the mind-mapping strategy could improve thestudents' ability in writing poetry.Keywords: strategy, mind mapping, writing poetry, learning, elementary schoolA. PENDAHULUAN daya imajinasi, dan memperkaya skemataPembelajaran apresiasi sastra bertuju- siswa.an agar siswa mampu mengapresiasi dan Dalam mencapai tujuan dan manfaatberekspresi sastra melalui kegiatan mendengar- pembelajaran apresiasi sastra, diperlukankan, menonton, membaca, dan melisankan hasil p e m b e l a j a r a n y a n g e f e k t i f . D a l a msastra berupa dongeng, puisi, dan drama pembelajaran yang efektif, peranserta gurupendek, serta menuliskan pengalaman dalam sangat menentukan. Sebagaimana dikatakanbentuk cerita dan puisi (Depdiknas, 2003). Ini Aminuddin (1990:207) bahwa ada dua tugasberarti bahwa siswa diharapkan mampu guru dalam kegiatan apresiasi, yaitu (1)berapresiasi sastra secara aktif dan kreatif. mengembangkan pengetahuan dan pengalamanKegiatan berapresiasi sastra sangat (skema simbolik) siswa, dan (2) membimbingbermanfaat bagi siswa. Manfaat berapresiasi cara berpikir siswa. Di dalam melaksanakansastra pada siswa adalah agar mampu secara pengembangan pengetahuan dan pengalamankreatif melakukan pengenalan realitas, siswa, guru berperan penting untukpengembangan kemampuan berbahasa, mengembangkan pengetahuan dan pengalamanpengembangan kemampuan memahami siswa dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, sertabentuk-bentuk hubungan sosial, maupun membimbing siswa ke arah berpikir kritispengembangan kemampuan memahami diri terhadap hal-hal yang berkaitan dengansendiri dan orang lain. Sebagaimana dikatakan pengalaman siswa.Stewig (dalam Aminuddin, 2001: 16) bahwa Menulis puisi merupakan bagian darisiswa mengapresiasi sastra untuk mendapatkan pembelajaran apresiasi sastra yang perlukesenangan. Secara psikologis, aktivitas dimiliki siswa. Kompetensi dasar menulis puisimengapresiasi sastra tersebut juga akan di kelas V semester 2 sekolah dasar berbunyimengasah kepekaan emosi, mengembangkan “menulis puisi bebas” dengan indikator38
TELAAH DEKONSTRUKSI KEKUASAAN DALAM NOVEL DARI FONTENAY KE MAGALLIANES KARYA NH. DINI DALAM PERSPEKTIF BUDAYA
Authors: - Sugiarti
Published: January 2019

This article concerns a study whose objective is to explain several issuesrelated to (1) a description of the domination, hegemony, and subordination ofcharacters in a novel, (2) the function of the power culture experienced by thecharacters, and (3) the meaning of power deconstruction in the novel.To reach the objective, the researcher conducting the study employs aqualitative-descriptive method. The source of data is the novel Dari Fontenay keMagallianes by Nh. Dini. The data are in the form of extracts taken from the noveland, complemented with the researcher’s thoughts pertaining to issues related tosociety and power, collected through documentation and literary study withthorough understanding. Data validity is confirmed by employing a series of suchtechniques as (1) careful observation, (2) adequate literary reference, (3) peerdiscussion among parties sharing interest in literary works, and (4) triangulationby searching available articles for related information about the novelistconcerned.The results of the study show the following. (1) The types of powerdescribed in the novel are greatly reflected in the behavior of a character’s husbandtoward his family (wife and children) and his colleagues. The power types could beexposed through the husband’s attitude, ideology, and behavior in response to thesurrounding environment as part of his community. (2) The power culturefunctions to provide some characters with experiences suggesting that some socialissues have to be overcome by way of different unsatisfactory treatments. Inaddition, the power functions as a “bond” that makes someone obey what isinstructed by the one who is in power. (3) An analysis on the meaning of the powermanifested in the text through female characters shows that it is a kind of counterdiscourseagainst the hegemony of the central power.Keywords: current thought movement, new perspective
KERUDUNG SANTET GANDRUNG : SIMBOL PERLAWANAN TERHADAP KAUM SANTRI BANYUWANGI
Authors: Sungkowati Yulitin
Published: January 2019

A literary work as a cultural artifact is a verbal symbol that has to beinterpreted in a broad context because it correlates with the writer’s intention inresponding to an experienced situation. Kerudung Santet Gandrung is a novel setin Banyuwangi representing the life of practitioners of the Gandrung traditional artand that of santris, people studying at Islamic religious boarding schools. Thereare many symbols in the novel which potentially could be seen as indications oftextual elements in the dynamic relation between the two different communities.By using a cultural hermeneutic approach, the novel strives to depict an effort inresistance made by Hasnan Singodimayan, an observer of Banyuwangi culture, toreconstruct a new and positive image of traditional artists. His resistance is anattempt to preserve Banyuwangi traditional arts which are threatened withextinction by Islamic purification movements.Keywords: novel, Gandrung, symbol, resistance
PRINSIP DAN TEKNIK MENGAJARKAN KOSAKATA BI KEPADA PEBELAJAR BIPA
Authors: Susanto Gatut
Published: January 2019

The extent of vocabulary possessed by learners of BIPA, of BahasaIndonesia sebagai Penutur Asing, or of the Indonesian language as foreignspeakers, has a positive correlation with the extent of their achievement inmastering that language. As part of the effort to keep applying communicativeteaching, careful attention needs to be paid to the teaching of vocabulary tolearners of BIPA in order that it remains on the communicative lane and thevocabulary learned has enduring retention in their memory so that they could makeit function both as a means of communication and as a means of performing theirspeech acts.The syllabus planned for the vocabulary teaching is a curriculum modeldetermining the direction of the teaching program and describes the objectives tobe achieved in each learning activity. The syllabus design enables the teachers toformulate lesson plans that are in line with the teaching objectives to be achieved.The plan of the syllabus should be made integrally in order that the vocabularyteaching could be linked with other components like skill aspects of the targetlanguage such as function, context, and grammar as well as its cultural aspects.Keywords: vocabulary, foreign speakers, teaching
TIYANG TANI LAN TIKUS : MEWARISKAN NILAI PEKERTI BAGI ANAK MELALUI DONGENG KLASIK JAWA
Authors: - Supartinah
Published: January 2019

Besides being one of the efforts to have texts transformed into Indonesian,this article also aims at studying and describing the pitutur, or values reflectinggood character, in the Javanese text Tiyang Tani lan Tikus.The text Tiyang Tani lan Tikus (TTT) is one of the texts contained in thecodex Serat Dongeng Warni-Warni and belongs to the category of literarymanuscripts. The codex is part of a collection stored at the library of Sana Budaya,Yogyakarta, given the code number PB C 154 71 Rol. 144 No. 13. The manuscriptis in prose using Javanese orthography. It tells a story but the time of its writing andthe name of the person who copied it in writing are not mentioned. However, inview of the condition of the paper used, it could be estimated that it was written inthSurakarta early in the 20 century.The essential values of good character contained in the story of TiyangTani lan Tikus are of (1) simplicity in life, (2) empathy, (3) softness of heart, (4)loyalty or faithfulness, (5) spirit of togetherness, (6) love toward others, and (7)frugality. All those values could be developed into material for the teaching ofvalues to children. This is an important matter because, in one’s development,childhood is a sensitive period for the optimum development of somepsychological aspects if the environment could give adequate stimulation. Storiesor fables told to children could become a means of stimulating the development ofsome psychological aspects of children so that they could hopefully gain theuppermost boundary of their range of potential development.Keywords: Javanese classical fables, values of good character