bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exergy Audit of Thermodynamic Parameters and Performance Analysis of OgorodeThermal Power Plant in Delta State, Nigeria.
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delta Agbor, Delta State ,Nigeria, Iweriolor Sunday , Liberty Anwule ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delta Agbor, Delta State ,Nigeria, Ossai Blessing Josephine ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delta Agbor, Delta State ,Nigeria.
Published: October 2023

The exergy analysis of the Ogorode steam plant is presented. The aim was to determine and identify the magnitudes and locations of real exergy losses in order to improve plant efficiency. The exergy losses occurred in the various components of the steam plant, such as the boiler, economizer, turbine, super heater, condenser, pump, feed water heater, reheater, and air pre-heater, and these have been calculated using the concepts of availability or available exergy and irreversibility. The temperature and pressure of the plant's running conditions were combined to determine the process irreversibility (exergy losses) and the exergy efficiency of the plant. The exergy losses of the individual components of the plant show that the maximum exergy losses are in steam turbine operation one (STO ) and steam turbine operation two (STO ). STO and STO are 813 kJ/kg, 1 2 1 2 820 kJ/kg, 822 kJ/kg, and 815 kJ/kg that occurred in the turbine between 2019 and 2021, while the minimum exergy losses in STO and STO are 68 kJ/kg, 150 kJ/kg, 1 2 280 kJ/kg, and 276 kJ/kg that occurred in the boiler system between 2019 and 2021. There was a high energy efficiency of 82% and 80% in the superheater between 2019 and 2021, while 89% in the feed water heater and 73% in the superheater had the same duration. The efficiency of 15% and 21% were the minimum in the pump system between 2019 and 2021, while the turbine had a minimum of 20% and 27% from 2019 to 2021. The highest losses of exergy occurred in the turbine as a result of the irreversibility inherent in the turbine process, corroded turbine blades as a result of wet steam, and low energy delivered to the superheater tubes. It was concluded that the turbine inlet temperature should be increased, more energy delivered to the superheater should be increased, boiler pressure should be increased, and weak feed water heaters should be replaced for better performance of the thermal plant.
Munasabah Al-Qur’an Dalam Menemukan Korelasi Ayat-Ayat Pendidikan
Authors: Muji Muji
Published: October 2023

Munasabah merupakan salah satu cabang ilmu dari ulumul Qur’an yang memiliki kedudukan yang urgen dalam proses penafsiran ayat. Dengan mempelajarinya dapat memberikan kejelasan dan kejelian dalam melihat hubungan antara ayat dengan ayat, kalimat, surah dan kandungan yang ada di dalamnya. Dengan memperhatikan kaidah-kaidah dalam pengambilan munasabah seperti memperhatikan am. khas, aqli, hissi, sebab dan musabab, persamaaan dan pertentangan. Namun munasabah bersifat ijtihad yaitu hanya dilakukan oleh para mufassir yang membidangi beberapa cabang ilmu. Proses munasabah harus memperhatikan kaidah-kaidah yang telah ditetapkan guna memberikan pemahaman yang lebih luas dan terperinci. Sehingga terhindar dari kesalahan atau berlebihannya dalam menafsirkan suatu ayat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi pustaka (Library research), sedangkan jenis penelitian ini berdasarkan studi kewahyuan dan teknik yang digunakan ialah teknik analisis isi yang bertujuan meninjau konsistensi dalam sebuah teks yang terjabarkan dalam pola-pola yang terstruktur guna memberikan hasil secara ilmiah dan akurat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa munasabah pada ayat-ayat pendidikan memberikan penjelasan secara kompreherensif dan terperinci dalam mengkaji setiap ayat, kalimat dan surah di dalam al-Qur’an.
Pelaksanaan Pendekatan Individual Dalam Pembelajaran PAI di SD Negeri 117874 Kotapinang
Authors: Mubarok Husni , Apriani Nining
Published: October 2023

Tujuan Penelitian Ini adalah untuk mengetahui, Pelaksanaan Pendekatan Individual Dalam Pembelajaran PAI di SD Negeri 117874 Kotapinang. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan Jenis penelitianya adalah penelitian lapangan atau (field research) dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Adapun hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa Perencanaan awal dari pembelajaran agama dengan asumsi bahwa anak didik dapat belajar dengan baik dan sepenuhnya memahami materi pelajaran dengan strategi atau pendekatan yang diberikan guru, namum belum terlaksana dengan baik terlihat gurunya  memperhatikan siswa yang pandai saja. Pelaksanaannya dalam pembelajaran PAI belum terlaksana secara maksimal, karena guru lebih sering sering atau cenderung hanya kepada siswa yang bisa saja tanpa memperhatikan perbedaan dari masing-masing individu siswa.
Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Materi Pecahan
Authors: Muthma'innah Muthma'innah
Published: October 2023

Kesulitan belajar matematika peserta didik pada mata pelajaran matematika dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai penyebab. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Tujuan dari metode deskriptif ini adalah untuk membuat deskripsi, gambaran atau lukisan secara sistematis mengenai fakta-fakta, sifat-sifat serta hubungan fenomena yang diselidiki. Pembelajaran matematika yang diajarkan di sekolah bertujuan agar peserta didik memiliki kemampuan sebagai berikut: (1) Memahami konsep matematika; menjelaskan keterkaitan antar konsep dan mengaplikasikan konsep atau algoritma secara luwes, akurat, efisien, dan tepat, dalam  pemecahan masalah; (2) menggunakan penalaran pada pola dan sifat, melakukan manipulasi matematika dalam membuat generalisasi, menyusun bukti, atau menjelaskan gagasan dan pernyataan matematika. Factor penyebab kesulitan belajar matematika ialah bersifat kognitif, afektif, psikomotorik. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi kesulitan belajar matematika ialah: membaca secara berulang, dan memberikan soal yang bervariasi.
Integrasi Islam Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika: Perspektif Calon Guru Matematika Pada Perkuliahan Micro Teaching
Authors: M. Imamuddin , Isnaniah Isnaniah , Nufus Hayatun
Published: October 2023

Micro teaching is a compulsory course that must be taken by prospective mathematics teacher students of UIN Bukittinggi. Micro teaching courses train the basic teaching skills of prospective mathematics teachers. One of the lessons that is trained to prospective mathematics teacher students is Islamic integration mathematics learning. The purpose of this study is to describe the perspectives of prospective mathematics teacher students on Islamic integration mathematics teaching that students have practised. This research is a descriptive study with the research subjects are UIN Bukittinggi students who take micro teaching in the sixth semester totalling eleven students. Data were collected using a questionnaire that uses a 1-4 scale. The analysis was carried out using the average formula and then matched against the assessment criteria table. The results of this study are prospective mathematics teacher students have a very good perspective on Islamic integration mathematics learning that has been trained. Islamic integrated mathematics learning is very good in motivating and useful, new learning, interesting, challenging, useful, makes it easier for students to understand mathematical concepts and can add insight to students related to Islamic knowledge.
Implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan
Authors: Hasibuan Sari Mahwati
Published: October 2023

Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah (MBS) merupakan pengkoordinasian dan penyesuaian sumber daya yang dilakukan secara mandiri oleh sekolah melalui sejumlah input manajemen untuk meraih tujuan sekolah dalam kerangka pendidikan nasional, dengan mengaitkan seluruh kelompok yang berkepentingan dengan sekolah secara langsung dalam pengambilan keputusan. Singkatnya MBS adalah otonomi manajemen sekolah dalam pengambilan keputusan partisipatif. Dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan, maka sekolah mencari solusi dengan melakukan implementasi manajemen berbasis sekolah. Dengan mengetahui tujuan dan karakteristik serta tahapan dalam implementasi manajemen berbasis sekolah itu sendiri. Dengan adanya manajemen berbasis sekolah, diharapkan dapat menghasilkan guru yang professional sesuai dengan tujuan pendidikan nasional dan relevan dengan tuntutan perkembangan dalam masyarakat serta memberikan otonomi kepada sekolah untuk menentukan kebijakan sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan.
Tanggung Jawab Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Dalam Memperbaiki Moral Bangsa (Studi Analisis Tujuan Pendidikan dalam UU Nomor 20 Tahun 2003)
Authors: Ramli Mohammad , Mawaddah Siti Nur
Published: October 2023

Lembaga pendidikan Islam merupakan suatu keberhasilan pendidikan sebagai wadah dimana Pendidikan dalam ruang lingkup ke-Islaman seperti keluarga, masjid, pondok pesantren, madrasah dan perguruan tinggi Islam merupakan lembaga-lembaga pendidikan Islam yang mutlak diperlukan di suatu negara secara umum atau disebuah kota secara khususnya dalam jalur pendidikan informal, nonformal dan formal. Berdasarkan tujuan pendidikan dalam UU Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang sistem pendidikan Nasional yakni; iman, takwa, akhlak mulia, cakap, kreatif, mandiri, warga negara yang demokratis serta bertanggung jawab memberikan tujuan yang diharapkan dalam memperbaiki moral bangsa.Tanggung jawab pendidikan Islam menetapkan di dalam UU Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 bahwasannya pendidikan Islam dan Lembaga Pendidikan Islam memiliki wewenang yang lebih luas untuk berkontribusi dalam mengarahkan manusia ke arah yang di cita-cita umat Islam untuk mencetak daya manusia yang berkualitas dan mantap dalam aqidah ke Islaman dan memiliki moralitas yang tinggi.
Manajemen Perubahan Pembelajaran pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Ula Imam Syafi’i Kota Batam
Authors: Siregar Isropil , Romiyanti Romiyanti
Published: October 2023

Manajemen perubahan pembelajaran perlu dilakukan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 agar tujuan pembelajaran dapat tercapai. Pembelajaran tatap muka tidak bisa dilakukan karena pandemi Covid-19 sangat mudah menyebar dengan jumlah kasus yang tinggi di Indonesia dan kota Batam khususnya. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana implementasi dan evaluasi manajemen perubahan pembelajaran di Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Ula Imam Syafi'i Sagulung Batam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teori perubahan belajar yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Tiagi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan mereduksi data yang relevan, menjelaskan dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Ula Imam Syafi'i telah menerapkan pembelajaran terbatas secara daring dan tatap muka dengan mengikuti protokol kesehatan. Pembelajaran online dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi whatsapp, google classroom, zoom dan video pembelajaran yang dibuat oleh guru. Evaluasi pembelajaran di Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Ula Imam Syafi'i Sagulung Kota Batam meliputi tugas harian, ulangan harian, dan ujian semester.
Filsafat Islam: Telaah Tentang Korelasi Epistemologi Al Quran dan Sains Modern
Authors: Azhari Azhari
Published: October 2023

Berkembangnya sains modern ternyata mengkonfirmasi ayat-ayat tertentu dalam Al-Quran. Hal tersebut mendorong mereka untuk menggali lebih lanjut sains dalam Al-Quran. Bahkan sebagian dari mereka menyatakan bahwa Al-Quran adalah sumber bagi sains modern. Bukti sejarah kegemilangan umat Islam yang telah melahirkan para ilmuwan. Bagaimana sebenarnya hubungan sains dengan ilmu pengetahuan khususnya ilmu kealaman? Ulasan ini menemukan bahwa walaupun mengandung banyak isyarat sains, namun perlu ditegaskan Al-Quran dan Sunnah bukanlah ensiklopedia sains, Al-Quran dan Sunnah adalah pedoman hidup. Meski demikian, Al-Quran dan Sunnah telah mengajarkan etos ilmiah dalam memahami sains. Etos inilah yang pada masanya menelurkan ilmuwan-ilmuwan dengan karya yang luar biasa.

Kata Kunci: al-Qur’an, sains, filsafat
อิสรภาพจากมโนทัศน์ทายาทความรุนแรง
Authors: พราหมหันต์ นญา , ศรีรัตนบัลล์ ภาวิกา
Published: October 2023

มนุษย์เกิดมาพร้อมกับ “เจตจำนงเสรี” (free will) กล่าวคือ มนุษย์มีเสรีภาพในการตัดสินใจเลือกที่จะกระทำหรือไม่กระทำการสิ่งใดก็ได้บนเส้นทางชีวิตของตน แต่อย่างไรก็ตาม ยังมีอีกหลายอย่างซึ่งถือได้ว่าอยู่เหนือความสามารถในการเลือกของมนุษย์ หนึ่งในนั้นก็คือ “จุดเริ่มต้นแห่งชีวิต” หรือเราปราศจากเสรีภาพในการเลือกสภาพครอบครัวตั้งต้นของตนได้ แต่ครอบครัวนั้นกลับเป็นสถาบันทางสังคมที่มีความสำคัญและมีอิทธิพลอย่างยิ่งต่อการดำเนินชีวิตของมนุษย์ทั้งชีวิต หากสถาบันพื้นฐานแห่งชีวิตและสังคมทำหน้าที่บกพร่องหรือรุนแรง แน่นอนว่าย่อมส่งผลกระทบต่อสถาบันทางสังคมอื่นอย่างหลีกเลี่ยงไม่ได้ การศึกษานี้พบว่า ทฤษฎีทางสังคมวิทยาแบบดั้งเดิมที่กล่าวถึงการสืบทอดหรือการผลิตซ้ำความรุนแรง (reproduction of violence) ถูกทำให้มีน้ำหนักลดลงด้วยอิทธิพลของการเปลี่ยนแปลงเชิงโครงสร้างและบริบททางสังคมใน “ยุคหลังสังคม” (post-societal phase) โดยบทความนี้จะสะท้อนให้เห็นว่าแท้ที่จริงแล้วมนุษย์สามารถปลดปล่อยตัวเองออกจาก “มโนทัศน์ทายาทความรุนแรง” ซึ่งถูกปลูกฝังมาจากประสบการณ์ความรุนแรงในวัยเด็กได้ ไม่ว่าผู้นั้นจะเผชิญกับสถานการณ์เยี่ยงไรก็ตาม ทั้งนี้เนื่องจากมนุษย์เสมือนผลผลิตทางสังคมซึ่งมาพร้อมกับเมล็ดพันธุ์แห่งคุณค่าที่ทรงพลัง มีศักยภาพในการเปลี่ยนแปลงตนเองและมีความสามารถในการสร้างสรรค์สังคมไปในวิถีทางที่ดีขึ้นต่อไปได้
วิวัฒนาการของความร่วมมือในเกม Prisoner’s Dilemma
Authors: สิทธิยศ ฐิติเทพ
Published: October 2023

การศึกษานี้ใช้การทดลองในระบบปิดเพื่อทดสอบพฤติกรรมของผู้เข้าร่วมการทดลองว่าเป็นไปตามที่หลักการ prisoner’s dilemma ทำนายไว้หรือไม่ และใช้ผลการทดลองเพื่อแสดงให้เห็นถึงความสำคัญของการเข้าใจพฤติกรรมของผู้ที่มีส่วนเกี่ยวข้องก่อนที่จะทำการออกแบบนโยบายการจัดการทรัพยากรที่ใช้ร่วมกัน ผลการทดลองพบว่า ในกรณีการเล่นครั้งเดียว มีกลุ่มตัวอย่าง 3 กลุ่มจาก 6 กลุ่มที่มีพฤติกรรมหักหลังกันเอง สอดคล้องกับหลักการที่ prisoner’s dilemma ทำนาย สำหรับกรณีที่เล่นซ้ำ ๆ โดยผู้เล่นไม่ทราบว่าเกมจะสิ้นสุดเมื่อใด มีกลุ่มตัวอย่าง 3 กลุ่มจาก 6 กลุ่ม ที่มีพฤติกรรมร่วมมือกันตลอดจนจบเกม สอดคล้องกับข้อสรุปที่ได้จากหลักการ prisoner’s dilemma เช่นกัน ผลการทดลองในครั้งนี้แสดงให้ถึงพฤติกรรมการร่วมมือและหักหลังที่แตกต่างกันระหว่างกลุ่ม ดังนั้น ในการออกแบบนโยบายเกี่ยวกับทรัพยากรที่มีการใช้ร่วมกัน ผู้กำหนดนโยบายควรตระหนักถึงความแตกต่างของประชาชนและ/หรือธุรกิจ และออกแบบและกำหนดนโยบายให้มีความสอดคล้องกับพฤติกรรมของประชาชนและ/หรือธุรกิจที่อยู่ในชุมชนนั้น ๆ
Patrimonio culinario: propuesta para una metodología de distinción patrimonial de las culinarias locales
Authors: Contreras Claudio , Luco Javiera , Ríos Cristina
Published: October 2023

El presente artículo da cuenta de la propuesta de un enfoque metodológico, el cual aporta un conjunto de criterios para una definición pertinente de patrimonio culinario a nivel territorial. En este sentido, dada la diversidad de aproximaciones al tema, al concepto de patrimonio, y a la heterogénea realidad histórica, cultural, social y ecológica de cada territorio que desarrolla su particular gastronomía, implican una compleja tarea al momento de generar una definición y criterios de calificación consensuada sobre lo que podría ser o no patrimonial. De esta manera, el principal objetivo del escrito es proponer una metodología que aporte criterios que representen las diferentes formas de concebir el patrimonio culinario por los diversos y relevantes actores para la escena alimentaria nacional e internacional. La metodología propone 6 tipos de “manifestaciones culinarias” de carácter patrimonial y 7 “rasgos patrimoniales”, o sea relatos diferentes desde los cuales se conforma el patrimonio culinario. Estos rasgos patrimoniales no funcionan como tipologías, muchas veces nos situamos desde uno y luego desde otro, se complementan y otras veces anulan. La elaboración final de la propuesta metodológica es resultado de tres mesas de trabajo y reflexión con invitados expertos en tres regiones de Chile (una de la zona norte, otra del área centro del país, y una tercera del sur)
Elogio a lo simple en tiempos del consumismo y del capitalismo informacional
Authors: Velásquez Camelo Edgar Enrique
Published: October 2023

La vida simple es un modo concreto para hacer frente a los efectos de la rapidación social, los fines mercantilistas del capitalismo informacional, y la exaltación del consumo en detrimento del cuidado de la existencia del ser humano. La llamada del Papa Francisco, en la Encíclica Laudato Si´, lejos de ser una invitación únicamente dirigida a la Iglesia católica, es, ante todo, un llamado de atención a la humanidad para que, desde el ámbito personal, como institucional, se lleven a cabo las acciones necesarias que posibiliten, en todo su sentido, el cuidado de la vida en la casa común. Así es como se legitima la vida simple como una propuesta válida en la actualidad, sobre todo, porque la persona desde la vida simple es capaz de gozar con lo esencial, sin obsesionarse por el consumo.
Los músicos de la catedral metropolitana de México (1751- 1791). Transgresión o sumisión. De Raúl Heliodoro Torres Medina
Authors: Díaz Santana Garza Luis
Published: October 2023

En México, es común escuchar que algunos musicólogos se quejan de la carencia de partituras en tal o cual archivo eclesiástico, lo cual hace que dicha colección tenga muy poco atractivo para ellos. Ese no es el caso del archivo de la catedral metropolitana de México, uno de los depósitos de manuscritos mejor catalogados y preservados del continente americano, que cuenta con un  considerable repertorio de música escrita, que ha sido difundido en publicaciones y grabaciones modernas.
Preliminary Investigation of English and Thai Consonants
Authors: Kanokpermpoon Monthon
Published: October 2023

This paper examines similarities and differences between Thai and English consonants. It determines areas of difficulty when Thai students try to pronounce English consonantal sounds. It is found that some English sounds that do not occur in Thai phonology tend to pose great difficulty; these sounds include //, /ϖ/, /Τ/, /Δ/, /ζ/, /Σ/, /Ζ/, /τΣ/ and /δΖ/. Sounds that exist in Thai but can occur in different syllable positions in English also tend to be difficult to pronounce; examples include /φ/ and /σ/. In attempting to tackle the problem of sounds nonexistent in Thai, Thai students are likely to substitute Thai sounds for English sounds. An additional problem is the interchangeability of /λ/ and /Ρ/ in Thai, erroneously transferred to English. To alleviate the problem sounds for Thai learners of English, this paper recommends that teachers follow listening and speaking pedagogy for pronunciation in terms of recognition, discrimination and production.
Management of Change in a Self-Access Learning Centre
Authors: Kongchan Chada
Published: October 2023

The management of self-access centres is an interesting and challenging job; in fact, it is so challenging that managers of such centres often have to consider whether they want merely to maintain the existing state or, since change will not come overnight or without sustained effort, persist with the long-term extra work involved in being leaders for change. This paper aims to show how, after a decade in existence, major changes were initiated and implemented in the Self-Access Learning Centre (SALC) at King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT). In doing so, it is hoped that it can serve as a useful example to managers of other self-access centres who are contemplating change.
Vocabulary Learning Strategies by Thai Primary School Students
Authors: Muensorn Athorn , Tepsuriwong Saowaluck
Published: October 2023

The study surveyed vocabulary learning strategies of the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration’s (BMA) primary school students and their problems in vocabulary learning. A questionnaire was distributed to 50 Pratom 6 students (aged 11-12) and 10 of them were further selected for a follow-up semi-structured interview. The findings indicated that most students realized the importance of vocabulary learning and they had encountered new words from various sources. However, they did not devote enough time to vocabulary learning and this strongly affected their lexical development. Moreover, many of them relied heavily on rote learning rather than other strategies. Their vocabulary learning problems were also related to their negative attitudes and poor English background as well as lack of support from their teachers, parents and peers. Therefore, teachers and parents need to work cooperatively to support their learning and to deal with negative attitudes. Also, students should be trained with a variety of effective vocabulary learning strategies in order to maximize their potential for language learning.
Facilitating EFL Teacher Learning: Trends and Issues
Authors: Waters Alan
Published: October 2023

curriculum development process. It is therefore vital that they are as well-developed as possible. This paper uses a simple three-part conceptual model to review a number of aspects of the current state of research and theorising in ELT in this area. It does so in relation to the learning needs of the largest and most representative section of the ELT teacher constituency, i.e., nonnative speaker teachers of EFL who are intending to or are already working in local, state-sector educational institutions.

Work in the following areas is described and discussed: first, in terms of ‘course-based’ teacher learning, i) the development of new ‘formats’ at the MA level, ii) the application of a ‘sociocultural’ approach to teacher learning and, iii) current tendencies to downplay the importance of teachers’ knowledge of and about language; second, with respect to 'school-based' teacher learning, some of the practical issues involved in effecting it, as well as the need for further development, particularly in terms of ‘mentoring’ structures; and, thirdly, the importance of and ways in which more teacher learning-friendly educational innovations might be developed by ‘parent’ education systems. The paper concludes by indicating some of the directions which future 'R & D' in this area might usefully take.
Readers Theatre in the Chinese EFL Classroom: Setting the Stage for Oral Performance
Authors: Ng Patrick
Published: October 2023

Readers Theatre is an example of a story dramatization in which readers read a story and transform the story into a script for reading aloud (Sloyer, 1989). The scripts are then performed using only voices and facial expressions. To portray the characters in the story, readers strive for voice flexibility, good articulation, proper pronunciation, and projection. This study was designed to investigate the perceptions of Chinese EFL learners of Readers Theatre as a way to improve their oral English .The participants for this study were PRC students enrolled in a Communication Skills course in Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. A survey questionnaire was designed to evaluate learners’ reactions to the Readers Theatre activity and the data were also triangulated by the teachers` observations of learners’ attitudes and behaviours. The findings from this study showed that a majority of Chinese EFL learners reacted positively to the use of Readers Theatre as a way to enhance their oral English performance. In addition, the RT activity provided the opportunity for Chinese EFL learners to engage in different language use functions such as asking and answering questions, solving problems, expressing their opinions, and arguing and persuading. Readers Theatre is a rewarding language learning experience for Chinese EFL learners as it boosts their confidence in using English in a real communicative context.
What Happens in PhD Supervision? Types and Frequency of Written Feedbacks
Authors: Reinders Hayo , Cho Minyoung , Lewis Marilyn
Published: October 2023

Feedback to students, how to give it and how it is received, has been the focus of studies for some decades. However, the specialised field of giving feedback to postgraduate students and particularly in electronic form, has not received as much attention. The present study is based on feedback given to four candidates on three iterations of their PhD proposals. It examines the types and frequency of the different language functions the supervisor uses. The results show that there is significant variation in the types and range of feedback used. We discuss these results and their implications.
Developmental Education in a Thai University
Authors: Owens Catherine , Burgess Robert , Rojana-apichatsakul Peerasak
Published: October 2023

Non-native English users enter English medium programs at universities in Thailand under-prepared for the coursework required of them. Research conducted during academic year 2012 determined the academic and linguistic skills demanded in the undergraduate curriculum at a small private university in Thailand. Faculty and student respondents agreed on the importance of skills demanded to a large extent. Findings show that skills ranked highest by both faculty and students are those that need explicit teaching. The curriculum may be strengthened by building on results of the research by using two methods: 1) mapping skill development onto General Education course syllabi and 2) creating an academic development center to provide learning support.
Code-Switching Phenomenon among EFL Learners
Authors: Kanchanapoomi Tabtip
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the issue of code switching (CS), which occurred in daily conversation among bilinguals. The participants were from three different countries, the Republic of China, the Republic of Indonesia and Kingdom of Thailand. The data include the recordings of conversation in different settings. Recent studies examine this phenomenon both in the classroom context (Rose & van Dulm, 2006; Iqbal, 2011) and in everyday life conversation (AL-Hourani & Afzah, 2013). Empirical research has shown that the practice of alternating or mixing languages is not only common, but serves important communication strategies (Heller, 1992; Myers-Scotton, 1992). In addition, code switching is considered a skill used in early attempts of playing with the languages involved in the conversation (Arnfast & Jorgensen, 2003). The results of this paper reveal that apart from being a communication tool and skill, code switching represents an in-group identity and it is highly related to emotional expression.
Restarts: Symptom or Signal?
Authors: Watson Todd Richard
Published: October 2023

Hesitation phenomena are common in spontaneous speech and have been viewed either as a symptom of production difficulties or as a signal to aid listener comprehension. Focusing on simple restarts (i.e. repetitions) and complex restarts (i.e. false starts), this paper examines these in a corpus of naturally occurring conversation for length of restart, association with other hesitation phenomena, position in discourse, content, and complexity (grammatical weight, association with given or new information, and frequency of use of succeeding words). The findings show that restarts are associated with new information and words with low frequencies of use, but rarely occur at the start of T-units and do not differ from non-restarts in grammatical weight. Simple and complex restarts differ in length and in parts of speech either repeated or rephrased. The findings have implications for measuring fluency and for how restarts should be viewed.
Improving listening comprehension through familiarization with features of spoken English
Authors: Wasuntarasobhit Sukhum , Chinkumtornwong Suvalee
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate if familiarization with features of spoken English could enable students to improve their understanding of native-speaker speech at normal rates of delivery. Test results showed that most students did improve their listening comprehension in this area. However, supporting data obtained from their diaries indicated that about a half of them personally felt that they had not made any improvement. The implications of the contrast between the qualitative and quantitative data obtained from the study are discussed.
Content and Language Integrated Learning Approach in Designing an English Course Book for Police Investigators at the People’s Police University in Vietnam
Authors: Viet Chung Tran Le
Published: October 2023

In the 1990s, locally designed and produced materials used for English for Specific Purposes (ESP) at the People’s Police University in Vietnam (VPPU) proved ineffective due to flaws in L2-L1 translation. Since the creation of the original materials, English teachers at the VPPU have made consistent efforts to fix the problems, ranging from orthodox to empirical and experimental. Studies in recent years indicate that needs analysis seems to be a useful approach that can be transferred between language-led ESP and the more balanced Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). This paper reviews the evolution of CLIL to define the curriculum and to establish the scope of designing materials. It attempts to answer several significant questions about the context of education, such as what CLIL based materials have been published and compiled internationally, regionally and nationally, and the effectiveness of teaching with those materials in Vietnam. A case study of pilot teaching of CLIL-based materials conducted in the People’s Police Academy in Vietnam (VPPA) - an educational institution of the shared context as the VPPU. The aim of this paper is to make a proposal for the application of appropriate CLIL models in developing specific course books for police students in the VPPU.
A Move Analysis of Research Discussion Section in English Articles Published in Thai and International Journals
Authors: Sithlaothavorn Jirawat , Trakulkasemsuk Wannapa
Published: October 2023

Based on the influential study of Swales in 1990, academic research articles are said to consist of four main sections, namely introduction, methodology, results and discussion. Move analysis studies of academic articles in various disciplines usually concentrate on the introduction, methodology or results section, yet seem to neglect the discussion section. This study, therefore, attempts to fill in the missing piece by analysing moves used in the discussion section of research articles (henceforth RA discussion). Twenty RA discussions from Thai and international journals were collected as data for this move analysis. The analytical framework was adapted and developed based on Jalilifar et al. (2012) and Amnuai and Wannaruk (2013). Findings reveal that the presence of moves in RA discussions in Thai and international journals are not different. In addition, unlike other sections where move patterns could be outlined, this study finds that there is no manifested move pattern of the discussion section. The only disparity is that discussion sections in Thai journals mainly incorporate informative moves, while evaluative moves occur more noticeably in international journals. Therefore, if one considers international journals to be of higher quality than Thai journals, an integration of evaluative moves in the discussion section can be one crucial factor.
Students’ Perceptions about their Self-Study Experience
Authors: Jenwitthayayot Wannapa , Tepsuriwong Saowaluck
Published: October 2023

There are various ways to promote autonomous learning. Self-study can be a good means of improving students’ sense of autonomy in English language learning. This study, therefore, was conducted in order to investigate students’ perceptions towards their self-study experiences in a self-study module. The subjects were eight first-year undergraduate King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) students. The instrument used for data collection was the structured interview. The data obtained from the instrument were analyzed to find out the students’ attitudes towards the self-study module, their self-efficacy on their learning, their opinions about the benefits of the self-study module, and their problems encountered while learning. The results revealed that most students were satisfied with their performances. It also seemed that students’ attitudes, together with their self-efficacy and their opinions about benefits, influenced their self-study learning. Of concern should be problems experienced while learning.
Understanding Different Needs: Towards Designing an English Learning Audio Book for Sighted and Visually Impaired Massage Therapists
Authors: Sawaddee Nitiwadee
Published: October 2023

Thai massage therapists see the need to improve their English, as their business is advancing towards international markets. The availability of English learning resources is, however, still very limited, especially for those with visual disabilities. This research project attempted to design an ESP syllabus and develop the content into an MP3 audio book format so that it could beneft both sighted and visually impaired learners. A needs analysis was conducted with different parties involved in the massage business, using interviews and on-site observations to create learners’profles, observe the language requirements of therapists and construct the syllabus. After a prototype audio book was created, sample groups, which included massage therapists with and without visual impairment, were asked to study the material on their own for three months. The same pre/post-tests were used to measure learners’ language improvement. A 5-point Likert scale format questionnaire was used to measure learners’ satisfaction with the product. The research offered a comparison of the results and concluded that although the audio book could enhancethe language profciency of both groups of learners, those with visual impairment showed a signifcantly greater improvement due to the higher level of motivation and learning discipline.
An Investigation into Aspects of Improvement of Basic Paragraph Writing Skills
Authors: Chanyanuvat Anchalee
Published: October 2023

This paper describes a classroom-based study designed to investigate the aspects of improvement in students’ English language writing abilities from five Paragraph Writing Skill Labs, organized in 2015. The labs were specially designed to train students to produce a well-organized paragraph based on the framework of Oshima and Hogue (1988, 1991), i.e. introduction by the topic sentence, supporting details and the conclusion as well as other basics of English writing such as accuracy and coherence. The two research questions were: 1) How did the students in the Paragraph Writing Skill Labs write their paragraphs (based on Oshima and Hogue’s Framework)?; and 2) In what areas of composing did students show signs of writing improvement? The study revealed that the aspects that could be improved more easily than the grammar aspect (Rank 7) were those of paragraph structure (topic sentence, body and conclusion), which alternately ranked 1, 2 and 3 in the sample groups of participants out of the seven aspects measured by the rubric used. Based on the results, teachers of writing are therefore recommended to spend a significant portion of class time training students in paragraph organization, while encouraging students to review and revise their own grammatical errors.
Intercultural Communication-Based Lessons through Songs: Eﬀects on the Intercultural Competence Development of Thai Tertiary Students
Authors: Rajani Na Ayuthaya Jaruda
Published: October 2023

The changing of the English profile to English as an International Language (EIL) has broadened the definition of competent users of English around the world to include the ability to shuffle between English in local contexts (Canagarajah, 2013). However, Thai EFL learners continue to show an inability to understand and use English in intercultural communication. This problem is rooted in ineﬀective pedagogical practices primarily informed by native-speaking (NS) linguistic and cultural norms in English language teaching (ELT) policies in Thailand (Boriboon, 2011). As a result, Thai learners tend to lack the cultural awareness, knowledge and skills needed for success in communicating in cross-cultural contexts, leading them to have low confidence, fear of speaking English, and frequent intercultural communication failures. This study aims to investigate the use of songs as a means to increase students’ Intercultural Communication Competence (ICC). By incorporating ICC through songs in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom, it is believed that students will develop higher ICC, which includes cognitive, skill, and aﬀective aspects. Quasi-experimental research with 43 third and fourth-year students at one government university in Bangkok was undertaken over 17 weeks in an English through Songs course. ICC questionnaires were used as a pretest and posttest to determine ICC levels, while focus group interviews yielded supplementary data. Means, SD, T-test results and content analysis were used for data analysis, showing a significant increase in ICC levels resulting from the ICCbased instruction through songs. Therefore, this study concluded that songs can be an eﬀective technique to incorporate ICC into classroom practice and increase ICC levels, while also boosting L2 learning motivation.
Investigating the Outlines of Semantic Prosody in Thai
Authors: Supanfai Pornthip
Published: October 2023

To date, there have been relatively few studies of semantic prosody in languages other than English. This study primarily aims to implement the two major approaches to semantic prosody in the literature on the Thai language for the first time in order to set out the parameters for subsequent research in this area. Three Thai words were selected for analysis: /kreeŋcay/ ‘considerate’, /kɔ̀ɔhâykə̀ət/ ‘cause’, and /chɔɔ̂ p/ ‘like’ (in the sense of enjoying (doing) something). Each word was investigated using two contrasting approaches: one oriented towards contrasting negative and positive polarity of evaluation and the other oriented around the Sinclairian concept of the Extended Unit of Meaning. The findings reveal that both approaches can be viable routes to examine the semantic prosody of the words under study, although they are useful for different purposes.
Basic Physical Education and Sport Science English Word List for Physical Education Students
Authors: Kongcharoen Pong-ampai
Published: October 2023

This study is a corpus-driven study that aims to explore the use of words in Coxhead’s Academic Word List (AWL) and West’s General Service List (GSL) and also non- GSL and non- AWL in journal articles in the field of physical education and sport science. A 1.1 million-word corpus called the Physical Education and Sport Science Research Articles Corpus is created for this study. The corpus consists of 280 research articles that have been published in seven international journals in the field of physical education and sport science. The result suggests that both GSL and AWL can help students focus on the right vocabulary when learningTechnical English. The corpus helps students to directly focus on the words that they will see the most in the text they have to study. Moreover field specific word list is conducted in this research. Field specific word lists can help students learn necessary words which are also important for their field of study.
Using Scaffolded Instructions to Improve Students’ Skills
Authors: Boonmoh Atipat , Jumpakate Thidaporn
Published: October 2023

This study aims to investigate whether using scaffolded instructions can enhance students’ speaking skills and build up their confidence. The participants were twelve first-year undergraduate students who attended a self-study club called “Let’s Speak”. The objective of the club is to enable students to make effective presentations and speak English with confidence. Throughout the 10 sessions, students spent each two-week time in length practising making presentation about five different things. Language support and feedback both from teacher and friends were used as scaffolds to enhance students’ performance eachweek. Confidence in speaking questionnaire (adapted from Griffee, 1997) were distributed to the participants twice (before session 1 and after session 10) to see changes in their perceived confidence while the checklist and presentation scores of the first session and the last session were compared to see changes in their overall performance. At the end of the tenth session, videos of the students’ performance in session 1 and session 10 were shown to the students as a prompt for a stimulated-recall interview on how they saw their improvement. The findings reveal an increase in their perceived confidence as well as higher scores in their actual performance. The students themselves reported their improvements in many aspects. On the basis of these findings, the pedagogical implications and suggestions are included in this paper.
A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis of Studies on Learner Reflections: Lessons for English Language Learner Reflection
Authors: Benjamin Loo Daron , Kullu Sulankey Alvina
Published: October 2023

While reflection has been a common tool for examining the development of teaching and learning practices in the classroom, its use in a language learning setting is still peripheral and minimal. To understand the potential of reflection in supporting language learning, this study presents a qualitative meta-synthesis on selected studies. These studies consider students’ reflection as the main object of inquiry. Ten studies from various disciplines in higher education were analyzed through iterative reading and review. Three categories emerged, which dealt with the research underpinnings of the studies, the participants and context, and the benefits of reflection. These categories were then discussed to provide practical implications for the integration of reflection as a primary learning tool in a language classroom, whilst being cognizant of known issues, such as language learners experiencing difficulties when having to express thought.
Developing Intercultural Awareness in ELT: Students’ Attitudes toward their Intercultural Learning Experience
Authors: Phongsirikul Marissa , Thongrin Saneh
Published: October 2023

This study aimed at investigating students’ attitudes toward their intercultural learning experience to develop intercultural awareness in an English language classroom. The participants were a group of 31 students at tertiary level. They registered for an elective English course, the objective of which was to prepare students for job application, job interview and working effectively in multicultural contexts. A set of teaching and learning materials intended to develop intercultural awareness was especially designed and integrated into the existing English course. A survey questionnaire, reflective writing, self-assessment forms, and semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data. The results showed that the participants had highly positive attitudes toward their intercultural learning experience in various aspects, but still were hesitant with the overall ideas of an incorporation of intercultural components into an English course.
An Initial Development of an Analytic Rubric for Assessing Critical Thinking in English Argumentative Essays of EFL College Students
Authors: Nakkaew Nattawut , Adunyarittigun Dumrong
Published: October 2023

This study aims to initially develop a Critical-Thinking-in-Argumentative-Essay Rubric (CTER) for EFL college students. Participants of this study were five experts and two groups of raters. Data sources included the experts’ validation survey for the CTER, interviews and writing samples. Three phases for developing the CTER were conducted, and the evaluative descriptors of the rubric were revised based on the experts’ comments. To complete the initial development of the rubric, the raters and the first researcher used the CTER to evaluate the writing samples. The scores obtained from the evaluation were analyzed to examine the inter-rater reliability of the rubric. The findings showed that the CTER contained six clear and valid domains for assessing critical thinking in argumentative essays of EFL students. The total scoring results from the six domains achieved a moderate inter-rater reliability with ICC of 0.70 and Kendall’s W of 0.5 (p < 0.05). The raters perceived that the CTER could be used to promote learning and critical thinking of EFL learners. Pedagogical implications were presented based on the findings.
An Investigation into Learners’ Willingness to Communicate in English in the Classroom: A Study of Thai EFL Students in the Thai and International Programs
Authors: Karnchanachari Samertip
Published: October 2023

Willingness to Communicate (WTC) is among the concepts that has received considerable attention in EFL/ESL research in recent years as it brings together a myriad of factors that explain why L2 learners do or do not engage in L2 communication. An EFL classroom provides an environment that promotes use of the target language, yet Thai learners are often reluctant to communicate in English in the classroom. The present study aimed to investigate the possible factors that influence Thai learners’ WTC in the EFL classroom context. Participants included Thai students in both the Thai and International Engineering programs at a public university in Bangkok, Thailand, as well as both Thai and foreign instructors. The assumption underlying the investigation was that WTC in English in the classroom of Thai students in both Thai and international programs was is influenced by variables other than their English proficiency. Likert-type WTC questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data, and a quantitative descriptive approach was employed. Content analysis was also used to analyze qualitative data and provide more in-depth answers to the research questions. Statistically significant differences in WTC between Thai EFL learners in the Thai and international programs were found both in degrees of willingness and reported factors influencing the WTC. The results have been used to develop evidence-based guidelines for English instructors in the implementation of classroom activities and teaching methods to promote Thai learners’ WTC in the classroom.
Laughter: A Communication Strategy in Business Meeting between Thai and Burmese Professionals
Authors: Kanchanapoomi Tabtip , Trakulkasemsuk Wannapa
Published: October 2023

Laughter is a common feature found in daily conversations as an element showing amusement. However, laughter can also appear in serious talk such as business meetings (Murata, 2007; Markaki, et al., 2010). This paper scrutinizes laughter use between Thai and Burmese participants in a business meeting held in Yangon, Myanmar, and examines laughter functions and factors stimulating laughter to occur. The business meeting data was collected using the ethnographic method - a participant observation, extensive field notes, interviews and audio recordings. The data were analyzed based on the framework of laughter adapted from Hayakawa (2003) and Murata & Hori (2007); the findings reveal that laughter was used as a communication strategy and occurred in the meeting both in a relaxed atmosphere and in a serious discussion with different intentions - to have fun, to make fun of work, to ease the tension and to threaten other interlocutors.