bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESEMPENHO DO TRATOR DE 157KW NA CONDIÇÃO MANUAL E AUTOMÁTICO DE GERENCIAMENTO DE MARCHAS
Authors: Jasper Samir Paulo , Souza Ribeiro Bueno Luciano de , Laskoski Maíra , Weber Langhinotti Camilla , Parize Guilherme Luiz
Published: March 2017

O sistema de gerenciamento automático de marchas permite ao trator, na rotação de trabalho estabelecida no motor, extrair o máximo de desempenho de tração do trator. Neste trabalho, os benefícios de gerenciamento automático de marchas foram comprovados através da comparação da velocidade, patinagem, consumo horário de combustível, rendimento e potência na barra de tração, força e consumo específico durante deslocamento do trator nas condições manual e automática de gerenciamento de marcha. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento em faixas, com dois tratamentos (marchas selecionadas manualmente e automaticamente) e cinco repetições. Os parâmetros foram determinados pelo método de comboio composto por dois tratores conduzidos em pavimento de concreto à velocidade de 8,0 km h-1 e o segundo trator simulando carga de 40 kN na barra de tração. O gerenciamento automático e manual das marchas não resultou em diferença significativa na força e patinagem. Contudo, o gerenciamento automático de marchas permitiu que o trator atingisse maior velocidade com menor consumo específico e horário de combustível, com respectivo aumento na potência e rendimento na barra de tração.Palavras–chave: Tratores agrícolas; caixa de câmbio; eficiência tratativa.
Factors affecting medication adherence among patients with rheumatic disorders
Authors: Ismail Lamia Mohamed Nabil , Selim Mohga Abed-AlAziz , Elkhashab Sahar Omar Yehia
Published: March 2017

Background and objective: Patient's adherence is an important factor affecting the successful maintenance of treatment, slow progression of the disease; reduce costs of health care especially in the presence of multiple chronic conditions as rheumatic disorders. While, medication non-adherence is a significant problem leads to increased mortality and morbidity. So, identification of the factors affecting non-adherence to medication regimens is beneficial for healthcare providers to improve patient’s health condition. The aim of the study was to determine factors affecting medication adherence among sample of Egyptian patients with rheumatic disorders.Methods: Design: An exploratory descriptive research design. Subjects: Purposive sampling of patients with history of rheumatic disorders. Setting: The study was carried out in rheumatology department and medical wards at Al-Kaser Al-Aini hospital. Tool: Patient Preliminary Informational Variables, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8-Items and Factors affecting drug adherence checklist were used to collect pertinent data.Results: The study showed 59.2% of study group had low adherence, followed by medium adherence and high adherence (28%, 12.7%) to prescribed medications respectively. Findings also;  revealed that the highest percent of these factors that may combine to render patients to be less able to adhere to prescribed medication ranked as complexity of medication regimen; chronic conditions, restricted formularies, changing medications covered on formularies; fear of possible adverse effects, fear of dependence; lack of continuity of care, treatment interferes with lifestyle or requires significant behavioral changes; patient information materials written at too high literacy level; severity of symptoms; lack of knowledge on adherence and the effective interventions for improving it; as well the medication cost; long wait times; burdensome schedule; poor access or missed appointments; actual or perceived unpleasant side effects; duration of therapy; medication negative effect on liver and kidney; in addition,  psychosocial stress, anxiety and anger.Conclusions: Due to the diversity of causes of non-adherence, the health care professionals must understand factors affecting medication adherence when dealing with problems of medication adherence especially with chronic conditions as rheumatic disorders. Recommendation: Interventions for overcoming factors affecting adherence must become a central component of efforts to improve patients’ health worldwide. This could be done by proper determination for factors affecting medication adherence, also to consider patient condition individually and modify the treatment approach accordingly.
Práticas parentais: reflexões sobre relatos de familiares de usuários de crack
Authors: Rojas Soto Maria das Graças , Rozisca Verônica Fabíola , Da Cunha Rivaldo Venâncio
Published: March 2017

As características na dinâmica familiar podem influenciar no consumo de drogas. O estudo objetivou compreender práticas parentais em famílias de usuários de crack. Este é um estudo qualitativo, realizado por meio de entrevistas individuais com 20 familiares de usuários de crack cadastrados em um serviço público de saúde mental de um município do Mato Grosso do Sul. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre novembro-dezembro/2014 e os dados foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Na maioria das famílias, as regras são estabelecidas pela mãe e seu descumprimento acarreta punição física. Os filhos são descritos como muito obedientes, porém as ordens ditadas são vagas ou ambíguas, o que resulta na ausência de limites claros a serem seguidos. Conclui-se que tal dinâmica dificulta o desenvolvimento da regulação emocional, tolerância à contrariedade, resistência à frustração e habilidades de negociação e solução de problemas, que podem influenciar no consumo do crack.
An Investigation of the Relationship between Language Learning Strategies and Learning Styles in Turkish Freshman Students
Authors: Balci Ozgul
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the language learning strategies of freshman students and their learning styles. This study is a descriptive research and employs a relational screening model. Participants of the study were 328 freshman students majoring in different fields at Necmettin Erbakan University Ahmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Education in Turkey. Data were collected via Turkish version of “Strategy Inventory of Language Learning (SILL)”, originally developed by Oxford (1990) and adapted into Turkish by Cesur and Fer (2007) and “Big 16 Learning Modality Inventory” by Şimşek (2002). Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The research results revealed that learning styles have a significant effect on language learning strategy use. The results and implications of the study are discussed and suggestions for future research are offered.
Concept Map Technique as a New Method for Whole Text Translation
Authors: Krishan Tamara Mohd Altabieri
Published: March 2017

This study discusses the use of concept map tool as a new method for teaching translation (from English language to Arabic language). This study comprised 80 students divided into two groups. The first group was taught the new vocabulary by using the concept tool method, whereas the second group was taught the new vocabulary by the traditional method. Pre-test and test of homogeneity was administered in order to ensure the equivalence of the students. During the training, the two groups were subjected to evaluation tests (first, second and final) in which the students were asked to summarize text into a paragraph by translation. The differences between the two methods were compared by using t-test. Results of pre-test indicated that the difference between the two groups was not significant and the scores were linearly distributed. Results of students’ scores between the two groups for the first exam was not significant, however, the difference between the two groups for second, final and total scores was significant. It was seen that the introduced method of text translation improves the student skills compared with the traditional method.
On Finding Geodesic Equation of Student T Distribution
Authors: Chen William W. S.
Published: March 2017

Student t distribution has been widely applied in the course of statistics. In this paper, we focus on finding a geodesic equation of the two parameter student t distributions. To find this equation, we applied both the well-known Darboux Theorem and a triply of partial differential equations taken from Struik D.J. (Struik, D.J., 1961) or Grey A (Grey A., 1993), As expected, the two different approaches reach the same type of results. The solution proposed in this paper could be used as a general solution of the geodesic equation for the student t distribution.
Antagonistic Activity of Pseudomonas Fluorescens Against Fusarium Oxysporum f. sp. Nievum Isolated from Soil Samples in Palestine
Authors: Salman Mazen , Shahin Nabil , Abu-Khalaf Nawaf , Jawabrih Mohammad , Rumaileh Basima Abu , Abuamsha Ruba , Barghouthi Sameer A.
Published: March 2017

Watermelon is an important summer crop in Palestine, for several decades filling the needs of local market and some Arab countries. The yield of watermelon decreased dramatically in recent years due to severe infections with the soil borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON). Soil fumigation with methyl bromide was commonly applied by Palestinian farmers until it was recently legally banned. Different control mechanisms were not feasible to overcome problems caused by the disease resulting in decreased watermelon cultivation in Palestine for the past 30 years. In this work, we have experimentally shown that Pseudomonas fluorescens was efficient in controlling FON infection and allowing normal seedling growth of both the root and shoot systems. Field experiments are necessary to further confirm the efficacy of biocontrol application.
Análise de técnicas fisioterapêuticas utilizadas em pacientes submetidas à mastectomia: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Lira Natália Gonçalves , Barros Maria De Fátima Alcântara , Carvalho Antônio Geraldo Cidrão de , Araújo Maria Das Graças Rodrigues , Lucena Neide Maria Gomes de
Published: March 2017

Introdução: O câncer de mama tem aumentado significativamente no mundo, representando um problema de saúde pública de grande relevância. Objetivo: Verificar quais os recursos fisioterapêuticos estão sendo utilizados, além de identificar quais os resultados mais significativos na recuperação de pacientes mastectomizadas. Material e método: Foi realizado um estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura, por meio de busca nas bases eletrônicas de dados informatizadas e indexadas, como a LILACS, a MEDLINE/Pubmed e a SCIELO. Foram selecionados ensaios clínicos randomizados, redigidos em língua portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola, no período de janeiro/2001 a junho/2013. A qualidade metodológica foi verificada por meio da Escala de Qualidade de Jadad. Resultados: Foram identificados 470 artigos nas bases eletrônicas. Após a aplicação dos critérios de exclusão, adequaram-se ao estudo um total de 11 artigos. Conclusão: Observou-se uma heterogeneidade no tocante aos recursos empregados nos protocolos, embora tenha sido evidenciada a importância do tratamento fisioterapêutico.
Mobilização neural aplicada em diferentes locais sobre a compressão do nervo isquiático de ratos Wistar
Authors: Bernardino Giovanni Ribeiro , Pelissari Daniele , Peretti Ana Luiza , Kakihata Camila Mayumi Martin , Baretta Vinicius , Malanotte Jéssica Aline , Brancalhão Rose Meire Costa , Ribeiro Lucinéia De Fátima Chasko , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor
Published: March 2017

Introdução: a mobilização neural é uma técnica que visa restituir a função do sistema nervoso, contudo há ainda desconhecimento sobre o local mais apropriado. Objetivos: avaliar os efeitos da mobilização neural no tratamento da compressão do nervo isquiático de ratos Wistar, e comparar os diferentes locais de aplicação. Métodos: 24 ratos Wistar foram submetidos à compressão do nervo isquiático direito, e separados em quatro grupos: lesão (GL), mobilização neural no lesionado (GPD), mobilização neural no membro contralateral (GPE) e mobilização neural no membro ipsilateral a lesão (GEP). Foram realizadas avaliações funcionais pelo tempo de elevação da pata (TEP) e dolorímetro digital de Von Frey, após a última avaliação, o nervo isquiático foi seccionado para análise histológica. Resultados: houve diferença entre o GL (23,54) e GPE (23,98) na avaliação do TEP (p=0,028), na avaliação nociceptiva e histológica não houve diferenças significativas (p>0,05). Conclusão: a mobilização neural no membro contralateral foi prejudicial, enquanto o tratamento no membro acometido e no membro ipsilateral não apresentou diferença significativa.
Equilíbrio, mobilidade funcional e nível de atividade física de idosos institucionalizados que realizam e não realizam fisioterapia
Authors: Dias Sara Maria Soffiatti , Silva Rubia Jaqueline Magueroski da , Piazza Lisiane
Published: March 2017

Objetivo: Comparar o equilíbrio, mobilidade funcional e nível de atividade física de idosos institucionalizados que realizam e não realizam fisioterapia. Métodos: Participaram 60 idosos institucionalizados, 30 que realizavam fisioterapia (GF) e 30 que não realizavam (GNF). Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg (EEB), Testes de Tinetti, Timed Up and Go (TUG) e de Alcance Funcional Anterior (TAF), e Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ). Resultados: Foi observada diferença no TUG (p=0,01), sendo que o GF levou mais tempo para realizar o teste (19,5±6,1 segundos) que o GNF (16,4±7,3 segundos). Também foi observada diferença no TAF (p=0,003), com melhor desempenho durante o teste no GNF (27,6±6,2cm) que no GF (22,4±5,1cm). Quanto ao NAF, 43,4% dos idosos do GF eram inativos e 43,3% do GNF ativos (p=0,015). Conclusões: Os idosos que realizavam fisioterapia apresentaram menor mobilidade funcional, menor alcance funcional anterior e menores níveis de atividade física.
A prática de caminhada diminui a depressão em pacientes com síndrome da fibromialgia
Authors: Andrade Alexandro , Steffens Ricardo De Azevedo Klumb , Francisco Gisele , Brandt Ricardo , Viana Maick Da Silveira , Liz Carla Maria de , Vilarino Guilherme Torres
Published: March 2017

Introdução: A síndrome da fibromialgia é uma doença caracterizada por dor muscular generalizada e crônica, sendo comum o surgimento de depressão nessas pacientes. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito de 16 sessões da prática de um programa de caminhada sobre a depressão em mulheres com fibromialgia. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 12 mulheres com fibromialgia que realizaram duas sessões semanais de prática de caminhada durante dois meses, com 60 minutos de duração. Os estágios de depressão foram identificados mediante o Inventário de Depressão de Beck. Resultados: Verificou-se que o escore médio de depressão diminuiu de 22,75 para 14,33 (p=0,002). Previamente ao início do programa de caminhada 41,6% dos participantes apresentaram depressão grave e após a intervenção a maioria apresentou depressão mínima. Conclusão: A prática de 16 sessões de caminhada minimiza significativamente o estado de depressão de mulheres com fibromialgia.
Avaliação postural pré e pós-tratamento equoterapêutico em indivíduos com síndrome de Down
Authors: Ribeiro Mariane Fernandes , Espindula Ana Paula , Ferraz Mara Lúcia Fonseca , Ferreira Alex Abadio , Souza Luciane Aparecida Pascucci Sande de , Teixeira Vicente De Paula Antunes
Published: March 2017

Introdução: Indivíduos com Síndrome de Down (SD) apresentam alterações motoras que contribuem para um desalinhamento de membros inferiores. Objetivo: Avaliar mudanças posturais de pacientes com SD submetidos a Equoterapia. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 5 indivíduos com SD, idade média de 12,60 anos (± 3,21). Avaliações foram feitas antes e após 20 sessões. A avaliação postural foi feita por fotogrametria utilizando o Software de Avaliação Postural (SAPO). Para análise estatística quantitativa realizou-se o teste “t” de Student, e análise qualitativa feita por meio de Cluster. Resultados: Nas vistas anterior, posterior e laterais após o tratamento equoterapêutico apresentaram diminuição da anteversão pélvica, da hiperextensão de MMII e melhor alinhamento do joelho com o quadril. A análise de Cluster demonstrou um agrupamento mais próximo das variáveis indicando que se comportaram de maneira mais semelhante entre elas. Conclusão: A Equoterapia promoveu mudanças posturais, com melhora do alinhamento de membros inferiores em indivíduos com SD.
Comparação da termografia cutânea após aplicação da massagem modeladora, endermoterapia e eletrolipólise
Authors: Costa Rafaela Ferreira de Araújo , Schmildt Dalilia , Viana Larissa Granato , Aroca Graciele Guimarães Pitelli , Sousa Ligia
Published: March 2017

Introdução: massagem modeladora, endermoterapia e eletrolipólise agem na superfície cutânea estimulando o aumento da temperatura, a qual pode ser avaliada pela termografia cutânea. Objetivo: comparar as variações na temperatura cutânea superficial da região abdominal, a curto prazo, após massagem modeladora, endermoterapia e eletrolipólise. Metodologia: trinta mulheres foram aleatorizadas para os grupos: massagem modeladora, endermoterapia e eletrolipólise, realizados na região abdominal, uma única vez. Foi realizada avaliação termográfica antes (primeira avaliação), imediatamente após (segunda avaliação) e 20 minutos após a aplicação das técnicas (terceira avaliação). Para análise dos dados utilizou-se ANOVA e Teste T. Resultados: observou-se aumento significativo da temperatura após a massagem modeladora (p
Análise eletromiográfica de músculos da coluna vertebral durante a marcha em diferentes formas de carregar o bebê
Authors: Fagundes Felipe Ribeiro Cabral , Teixeira Francine Mendonça de Luna , Camargo Lerrine Fernanda , Mochizuki Luís , Amorim César Ferreira , Soares Renato José
Published: March 2017

Introdução: A forma de carregar o bebê pode causar desequilíbrios em músculos relacionados à coluna vertebral.
Objetivos: Investigar a atividade elétrica dos músculos trapézio fibras descendentes e eretores lombares durante a marcha na simulação de carregar um bebê.
Métodos: 20 voluntárias, destras e saudáveis participaram das coletas durante a marcha em esteira na simulação do ato de carregar o bebê em diferentes formas: 1) posição horizontal; 2) posição vertical; 3) suporte tipo “canguru” e 4) suporte tipo “sling”. Os resultados eletromiográficos foram analisados pela análise da intensidade do sinal eletromiográfico dos músculos trapézio fibras descendentes e eretores espinhais lombares bilateralmente.
Resultados: A ANOVA de dois fatores indicou que a forma de carregar (F(4, 59)=17,1 p
Influência de tarefas cognitivas sobre o equilíbrio estático de indivíduos saudáveis
Authors: Castro Mariana Lessa de , Godinho Mariane Megliorini , Oliveira Loide A. Fernandes de , Santos Claudia Oliveira , Grecco Luanda A. Collange , Pasini Neto Hugo
Published: March 2017

Introdução: O controle postural depende da ação integrada dos sistemas sensoriais e motores, e uma maior demanda atencional em situações de dupla-tarefa possivelmente acarreta maior oscilação postural. Objetivo: comparar a influência de tarefas cognitivas sobre o equilíbrio estático de indivíduos saudáveis. Materiais e métodos: estudo transversal realizado com 20 participantes adultos saudáveis. Os participantes foram submetidos a avaliação estabilométrica (olhos abertos e fechados) durante a execução de tarefas cognitivas (Stroop Test e contagem regressiva) e na situação controle (sem tarefa). Os deslocamentos do centro de pressão foram coletados e analisado. Resultados: Houve diferença significante dos efeitos obtidos na execução da tarefa matemática em comparação às demais situações (aumento da área de deslocamento e oscilações do centro de pressão). As demais comparações do tamanho do efeito não demonstraram significância. Conclusão: A execução de tarefas cognitivas influenciou o equilíbrio estático dos participantes. A tarefa matemática demonstrou maior influencia sobre o equilíbrio estático.
Efeito da Realidade Virtual no deslocamento do COP de indivíduos com hemiplegia
Authors: Taborda Bianca , Briani Ronaldo Valdir , Silva Danilo De Oliveira , Pazzinatto Marcella Ferraz , Ferreira Amanda Schenatto , Segatti Gabriel , Flóride Carolina Silva , Aragão Fernando Amâncio
Published: March 2017

Introdução: O Traumatismo Cranioencefálico (TCE) é uma das principais causas de incapacidade funcional e alteração motora na população adulta. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da terapia com Wii no deslocamento do COP de hemiplégicos devido à sequela TCE. Métodos: Foram realizadas 10 sessões de treinamento com o Nintendo Wii Fit® em 10 indivíduos hemiplégicos pós TCE, do sexo masculino, com média de 31,3 ± 2,9 anos de idade. Foram avaliados antes e após o protocolo de treinamento e mais uma após 3 meses, nas quais mediu-se os dados cinéticos. Resultados: Não foram encontradas diferenças na RMS e velocidade do deslocamento do COP nos sentidos ântero-posterior e médio-lateral dos sujeitos hemiplégicos após as 10 sessões de treinamento com o console Wii. Esses valores se mantiveram após 3 meses. Conclusão: A terapia com o console Wii não alterou o deslocamento do COP nos sentidos ântero-posterior e médio-lateral de indivíduos com hemiplegia.
Efeitos agudos da combinação de série isométrica com dinâmica nos aspectos hemodinâmicos
Authors: Souza Gislaine Cristina de , Silva Luiza Carolina , Mariano Ana Carla Santos , Silva Sandro Fernandes da
Published: March 2017

Introdução: O objetivo foi verificar as respostas hemodinâmicas durante a combinação de série isométrica com séries dinâmicas no agachamento. Métodos: Quatorze mulheres treinadas realizaram primeiramente a antropometria e identificação da carga de 1RM no agachamento. Posteriormente, foi realizado o Protocolo Isométrico+Dinâmico executando uma série isométrica máxima de 20seg e três séries dinâmicas a 80% de 1RM até a exaustão, mensurando frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, em repouso (pré), isometria e dinâmico (pós). Após, foi realizada apenas a execução dinâmica no Protocolo Dinâmico mensurando as mesmas variáveis, em repouso (pré) e dinâmico (pós). Resultados: Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas variáveis entre protocolos e na análise intragrupo do Protocolo Isométrico-Dinâmico, identificou-se aumento somativo na frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica e duplo produto (p
Fisioterapia em grupo melhora o equilíbrio e a funcionalidade de indivíduos com hemiparesia
Authors: Amaral-Felipe Késia Maísa , Yamada Patrícia De Aguiar , Marques Ana Elisa Zuliani Stroppa , Pedroni Cristiane Rodrigues , Faganello-Navega Flávia Roberta
Published: March 2017

Introdução: O treinamento em grupo parece ser uma opção eficaz na melhora de alterações de indivíduos acometidos pelo Acidente Vascular Encefálico. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do tratamento fisioterapêutico em grupo na funcionalidade e no equilíbrio de sujeitos com hemiparesia. Métodos: 12 sujeitos com hemiparesia, de ambos os sexos, com média de idade de 59.85 (±7.24) anos foram avaliados quanto à funcionalidade e o equilíbrio utilizando o Índice de Barthel modificado e a Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg respectivamente, antes e após as sessões de tratamento. O tratamento foi realizado durante 90 dias, totalizando 36 sessões, três vezes por semana com duração de 60 minutos. O protocolo envolvia exercícios de fortalecimento, equilíbrio, coordenação motora fina e grosseira, e, alongamentos musculares. Resultados: Houve melhora significativa tanto da funcionalidade (p=0.019), quanto do equilíbrio (p=0.018) dos sujeitos. Conclusão: O tratamento em grupo foi capaz de melhorar a funcionalidade e o equilíbrio de indivíduos com hemiparesia.
Exercícios físicos, mobilidade funcional, equilíbrio, capacidade funcional e quedas em idosos.
Authors: Accioly Marilita Falangola , Patrizzi Lislei Jorge , Pinheiro Patricia Sena , Bertoncello Dernival , Walsh Isabel Aparecida Porcatti
Published: March 2017

Introdução: A habilidade motora é essencial na preservação da capacidade funcional do idoso. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar grupos de idosos sedentários e ativos, usuários de Unidades Básicas de Saúde da cidade de Uberaba/MG, com relação a mobilidade funcional, equilíbrio dinâmico, capacidade funcional e quedas. Métodos: Os idosos foram divididos em dois grupos, sendo um de sedentários e outro de ativos. A avaliação das quedas foi auto relatada, a mobilidade funcional foi avaliada por meio do teste “Timed Up and Go”, o equilíbrio dinâmico pelo "Teste de velocidade máxima do andar" e a avaliação da capacidade funcional pelo questionário SF36. Resultados: Houve diferença significativa somente para a capacidade funcional, indicando melhores níveis para os idosos ativos. Conclusão: Outros estudos com maior controle no programa de intervenção, com delineamento longitudinal, poderão demonstrar os resultados das adaptações fisiológicas induzidas pela prática de atividade física nas variáveis analisadas devem ser estimulados.
Influência da ordem dos exercícios resistidos na percepção subjetiva de esforço e número de repetições em mulheres idosas
Authors: Rodrigues Evelyn Feitosa , Costa Laissa Lima da , Leite Richard Diego
Published: March 2017

Objetivo: Avaliar a influência da ordem dos exercícios resistidos na percepção de esforço e número de repetições em mulheres idosas. Métodos: 10 idosas (68,15 ± 4,40 anos) realizaram duas sequências diferentes de exercícios resistidos para membros superiores. Sequência A (SA): Supino Vertical (SV), Puxador Frente (PF), Desenvolvimento com halteres (DES), Rosca Direta (RD) e Tríceps Pulley (TP). Sequência B (SB): ordem inversa. A percepção de esforço foi avaliada pela escala OMNI e BORG. O número de repetições em cada série dos exercícios foi registrado. Resultados: A percepção de esforço (escala OMNI) para SB (7,80 ± 1,39; p = 0,03) foi estatisticamente maior quando comparada com SA (6,70 ± 0,94) para o exercício SV, na segundo série. Por outro lado, a percepção de esforço obtida pela escala BORG demonstrou valores maiores estatisticamente na segunda série da SA (14,90 ± 2,60; p = 0,03) em relação ao SB (13,10 ± 1,59) no exercício TP. O volume de repetições no exercício SV foi significativamente maior na SA (13,30 ± 2,11; p = 0,001) em relação ao SB (11,40 ± 3,23), na segundo série. O número de repetições foi estatisticamente maior (p = 0,001) para a SB comparada com SA, na segunda e terceira séries para os exercícios RD e TP, respectivamente. Conclusão: A ordem dos exercícios resistidos em membros superiores pode influenciar no número de repetições executadas por mulheres idosas.
O efeito do Método Pilates de Solo na flexibilidade de idosas
Authors: Macedo Thuane Lopes , Laux Rafael Cunha , Corazza Sara Teresinha
Published: March 2017

Objetivo: avaliar o efeito do Método Pilates de Solo (MPS) na flexibilidade de quadril e cintura escapular de mulheres idosas após doze semanas de treinamento. Método: participaram do estudo 22 mulheres, divididas em grupo Pilates (GP; n=15; 61,93±5,35 anos), que foi submetido a 2 sessões de MPS por semana, durante 12 semanas e grupo controle (GC; n=7; 62,14±3,80 anos), que não realizou nenhum exercício físico regular nesse período. Avaliaram-se as articulações do ombro e quadril, utilizando goniometria e o teste de sentar e alcançar. Realizou-se uma análise estatística descritiva e inferencial dos dados. Resultados: após intervenção, o GP apresentou melhora nos movimentos de flexão de quadril (p
Efficiency of selected physiotherapeutic treatments for low back pain
Authors: Dakowicz A. , Milewska A J. , Gradkowska A. , Matys A. , Tarkowska K. , Białowieżec M.
Published: March 2017

Purpose: Low back pain (LBP) occurs among approximately 60-80% of the population, gradually contributing to long-term or recurring disability. We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of two physiotherapeutic treatments (namely, Träbert current and kinesiotherapy) among patients with LBP. Material and methods: Comprised of function tests and scales of pain and functionality, clinical tests were performed according to a prospective method in a regional hospital in Lomza. Forty patients randomly distributed into two groups: one group a subject to physical therapy with Träbert currents, the other group to kinesiotherapy following a proprietary programme. Physiotherapy was performed from Monday to Friday for two weeks in a series of ten treatments. Results: The treatment used in both groups significantly decreased pain and increased functionality of patients, evaluated by Laitinen’s survey, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Results of the Schober’s and “fingertip-to-floor” tests also showed increased improvement. Conclusions: The physiotherapy facilitated a significant decrease in pain, an increase in the mobility in lumbosacral segment of the spine and a decrease in disability among patients with LBP.
Selected nutritional behaviors in children and youth at school age –
preliminary study
Authors: Abratowska K. , Zalewska M. , Maciorkowska M. , Gładka A. , Maciorkowska E.
Published: March 2017

Purpose: To evaluate diet, frequency and type of
products consumed and offered at school shops.
Materials and methods: Studies were conducted in
2014 among 159 pupils of three randomly selected
schools in Bialystok (elementary school, middle
school, and high school). The original anonymous
questionnaire was used as a research tool. Analysis
of results depending on age of the respondents was
performed using contingency tables and Pearson's
chi-squared test. For hypothesis testing evaluation,
significance level of 0.05 was assumed.
Results: Consumption of four or more meals
during the day was declared by more than half of
respondents. Three meals were consumed by 41.5%
of middle school pupils, 29.8% of primary school
children, and 27.1% of secondary school pupils.
Percentage of pupils eating meals outside the home
increased with age. Elementary school pupils
(91.5%) took water to school significantly more
often than middle school or high school pupils
(64.2% and 54.2% respectively) (p<0.05). The
highest percentage of pupils buying fast food at
school was elementary school children, while sweet
rolls were mostly bought by middle school pupils
(75.5%). Elementary school pupils (78%) are
provided information on healthy eating habits from
family and school, while middle school (66%) and
high school pupils (74.6%) receive this information
from the media and magazines.
Conclusions: Dietary mistakes reported in the
group of pupils were more pronounced with age of
respondents. Buying at school shops was associated
with an increase in the amount of junk food at the
cost of nutritious food
Nutritional habits in the elderly
Authors: Kourkouta L. , Ouzounakis P. , Monios A. , Iliadis Ch.
Published: March 2017

Introduction: Aging is accompanied by several physiological and psychological changes in the organism of an individual (e.g., decreased sense of taste and smell, disruption of satiety, depression), which affect the nutritional intake. Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study is to highlight the nutritional habits of elderly people. Materials and methods: Extensive review of the recent literature in electronic databases (Pub med, Google scholar) and journals. Exclusion criterion for the articles was the language than the Greek and English. Results: The increase life expectancy is important to be accompanied by physical and mental health, quality of life and, where possible, from participation in social, economic, cultural and spiritual life. Adopting healthy dietary patterns, combined with daily physical activity, and factors such as avoiding smoking, could help considerably in reaching these goals. The physical and psychological changes occurring during aging may adversely affect nutritional status. Instead, a proper diet can positively influence the physical and emotional state of elderly people. Conclusions: Diet and generally nutrition habits of the elderly play an important role in their health.
When a doctor becomes a patient, the unique expectations and behaviours in a disease: preliminary report
Authors: Tarkowski Z. , Piątkowski W. , Bogusz R. , Majchrowska A. , Nowakowski M. , Sadowska A. , Humeniuk E.
Published: March 2017

Descriptions and interpretations of cases in which a doctor becomes a patient are rather marginal in the Polish and Western medical literature. Still, analysis of doctors’ behaviours when they become patients themselves seems interesting. The available research results suggest that doctors find it difficult to adopt the role of a patient and very often delay the process of diagnosis and therapy. A substantial number of them treat themselves and have problems with following therapeutic advice. There are particular features which make doctors demanding or even tough when placed in the role of a patient. Doctors often select ‘partners’ in therapy among their colleagues, expect ‘individual therapy’ and ‘special’ treatment (a longer appointment, consultation after regular working hours etc.). The problem of ‘doctors in sickness’ has been addressed by professional organisations. The British General Medical Council suggests that due to potential risk for one’s patients’ and one’s own health, an ill doctor should consult his/her highly qualified colleague and follow the advice. Moreover, he/she is advised to consult a GP who is not a member of their family in order to guarantee independent and objective medical care. Similar solutions have been adopted by medical organisations from other countries.
Odontogenic phlegmon of the mouth floor: a case report
Authors: Bortnik P. , Wieczorek P. , Załęski P. , Kosierkiewicz P. , Siemiątkowski A. , Tryniszewska E. , Borys J.
Published: March 2017

Odontogenic phlegmon of the mouth
floor—Ludwig's angina (phlegmonae fundi cavi oris
seu angina Ludovici)—is a rare, life-threatening,
local complication in most cases of odontogenic
inflammation. This study presents the case of a
patient treated in the Department of Maxillofacial
and Plastic Surgery of the University
Hospital in Białystok due to phlegmon of the mouth
floor resulting from odontogenic inflammation with
a dynamic course. Quick diagnostics, surgical
intervention as well as antibiotic therapy contributed
to its efficient and successful treatment.
Editorial Note: Populism and Its Impact on the Political Landscape
Authors: Havlík Vlastimil , Mejtřík Martin
Published: March 2017

During recent decades, populism and populist political parties have become an integral part of European party systems. With the growing number of successful populist challengers and stabilization of their electoral support in many countries both in the Western and East-Central European countries, an important question has arisen: what is the impact of populism on the political landscape in Europe? This question was addressed by the 2nd Prague Populism Conference which took place in May 2016. It was organized by the Institute of International Studies at Charles University and the Heinrich Böll Foundation in cooperation with the Goethe-Institut. To understand the impact of populism on the political landscape, various researchers from all around the world discussed the growing success of populist parties and movements from a theoretical point of view and as case studies in individual European countries (60 researchers from 20 countries presented their research and findings, including the key note speeches by Michael Freeden, Paul Taggart, and Reinhard Heinisch). The present issue of the Czech Journal of Political Science consists of selected papers presented at the conference.
The Political Theories, Preconditions and Dangers of the Governing Populism in Hungary
Authors: Antal Attila
Published: March 2017

This study aims to explore the political theoretical background of governing populism in Hungary. It has been argued here that the political success of Viktor Orbán’s Governments are based on mixing three main political theoretical pillars: 1) the concept of the Political elaborated by Carl Schmitt; 2) the Weberian concept leader democracy; 3) and political constitutionalism. What is common in these three tendencies is the promise of repoliticisation. I will elaborate in this study that elitist populism and illiberal democracy are the two core concepts which can synchronize and converge the various (and sometimes contradictory) political theoretical backgrounds of Orbán’s regime. I also put forward here that the populist promise of political leadership is inherently false, because instead of repoliticisation, populist forces monopolize political representation and liquidate political responsibility.
Securitization of Migration. A Study of Movement and Order
Authors: Votradovcová Hana
Published: March 2017

Bourbeau, Philippe (2011/2013). Securitization of Migration. A Study of Movement and Order. New York: Routledge, 166 pages.
Antithrombin III Doses Rounded to Available Vial Sizes in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients
Authors: Stockton Winifred M. , Padilla-Tolentino Eimeira , Ragsdale Carolyn E.
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVES Children have decreased levels of antithrombin III (AT III) compared to adults. These levels may be further decreased during acute illness. Administration of exogenous AT III can increase anticoagulant efficacy. The objective of this study was to evaluate AT III doses rounded to available vial sizes compared to partial vial doses in critically ill pediatric patients, including patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

METHOD This retrospective review evaluated pediatric patients 0–18 years of age admitted to a 24-bed medical/surgical pediatric intensive care unit between June 1, 2012, and December 31, 2014, who received plasma-derived AT III. Patients received unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin, or no anticoagulation. This review included patients who received ECMO and CRRT.

RESULTS Eighty doses of AT III were administered to 24 patients (38 full vial size doses and 42 partial vial size doses). The AT III level following dose administration was ≥80% for 26 full vial doses (70%) and 16 partial vial doses (41%; p = 0.010). For patients who received multiple doses of AT III, the median time between doses was 45 hours following full vial doses, and 23 hours following partial vial doses (p = 0.011). Seven patients (29%) had documentation of new or increased bleeding. The median waste prevented from rounding doses to full vial sizes was 363 units.

CONCLUSIONS After receiving AT III doses rounded to full vial sizes, patients were more likely to have a therapeutic AT III level and a longer interval between administrations. Rounding AT III doses to full vial sizes reduces waste and can result in cost savings.
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of 2 Acetaminophen Dosing Regimens in Febrile Infants and Children: A Report on 3 Legacy Studies
Authors: Temple Anthony R. , Zimmerman Brenda , Gelotte Cathy , Kuffner Edwin K.
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE Compare efficacy and safety of 10 to 15 mg/kg with 20 to 30 mg/kg acetaminophen in febrile children 6 months to ≤ 11 years from 3 double-blind, randomized, single or multiple dose studies.

METHODS Doses were compared on sum of the temperature differences (SUMDIFF), maximum temperature difference (MAXDIFF), temperature differences at each time point, and dose by time interactions. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was evaluated in the 72-hour duration study.

RESULTS A single dose of acetaminophen 20 to 30 mg/kg produced a greater effect on temperature decrement and duration of antipyretic effect over 8 hours than a single dose of 10 to 15 mg/kg. When equivalent total doses (i.e., 2 doses of 10 to 15 mg/kg given at 4-hour intervals and 1 dose of 20 to 30 mg/kg) were given over the initial 8-hour period, there were no significant temperature differences. Over a 72-hour period, 10 to 15 mg/kg acetaminophen administered every 4 hours maintained a more consistent temperature decrement than 20 to 30 mg/kg acetaminophen administered every 8 hours. Following doses of 60 to 90 mg/kg/day for up to 72 hours, no child had a clinically important increase in ALT from baseline. The number of children with reported adverse events was similar between doses.

CONCLUSIONS Data demonstrate the antipyretic effect of acetaminophen is dependent on total dose over a given time interval. These 3 studies provide clinical evidence that the recommended standard acetaminophen dose of 10 to 15 mg/kg is a safe and effective dose for treating fever in pediatric patients when administered as a single dose or as multiple doses for up to 72 hours.
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine as a Sedative for Pediatric Procedural Sedation
Authors: Behrle Natalie , Birisci Esma , Anderson Jordan , Schroeder Sara , Dalabih Abdallah
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE This study seeks to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intranasal (IN) dexmedetomidine as a sedative medication for non-invasive procedural sedation.

METHODS Subjects 6 months to 18 years of age undergoing non-invasive elective procedures were included. Dexmedetomidine (3 mcg/kg) was administered IN 40 minutes before the scheduled procedure time. The IN dexmedetomidine cohort was matched and compared to a cohort of 690 subjects who underwent sedation for similar procedures without the use of dexmedetomidine to evaluate for observed events/interventions and procedural times.

RESULTS One hundred (92%) of the 109 included subjects were successfully sedated with IN dexmedetomidine. There were no significant differences in the rate of observed events/interventions in comparison to the non-dexmedetomidine cohort. However, the IN dexmedetomidine group had a longer postprocedure sleep time when compared to the non-dexmedetomidine cohort (p < 0.001), which had a significant effect on recovery time (p = 0.024). Also, the dexmedetomidine cohort had longer procedure time and total admit time (p < 0.001 and p = 0.037, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS IN dexmedetomidine may be used for non-invasive pediatric procedural sedation. Subjects receiving IN dexmedetomidine had a similar rate of observed events/interventions as the subjects receiving non-dexmedetomidine sedation, with the exception of sleeping time. Also, patients sedated with IN dexmedetomidine had longer time to discharge, procedure time, and total admit time in comparison to other forms of sedation.
Duty to Advocate: Human Papillomavirus Vaccination
Authors: Nichols Kristen , Girotto Jennifer , Steele Amy Mitchell-Van , Stoffella Sylvia ,   on behalf of the Advocacy Committee for the Pediatric Pharmacy Advocacy Group
Published: March 2017

Despite the excellent benefit-to-risk ratio for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and recommendations for its routine use from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), significant controversy surrounding HPV vaccination continues to exist. In light of this controversy and continued low rates of vaccination among U.S. adolescents, the Pediatric Pharmacy Advocacy Group (PPAG) endorses the safety and efficacy of HPV vaccination and agrees with ACIP recommendations for protection of the U.S. population against the potentially severe consequences of HPV. The PPAG recommends that all eligible individuals undergo vaccination. We further recommend that pediatric pharmacists participate in the education of patients and their families and serve as advocates for HPV vaccination. This document serves as an update to the 2008 PPAG position statement.1
Nebulized Gentamicin as an Alternative to Nebulized Tobramycin for Tracheitis in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Chen Justin K. , Martin-McNew Brittany L. , Lubsch Lisa M.
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVES Tracheitis is an infection of the lower respiratory tract and is defined by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) based on signs and symptoms with no radiographic evidence of pneumonia. One method of treatment involves the use of tobramycin given by nebulizer. The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of nebulized gentamicin with nebulized tobramycin.

METHODS This study was conducted in patients under 21 years of age who received greater than or equal to 1 day of gentamicin, 80 mg, or tobramycin, 300 mg, given twice a day by nebulization within the 14-month study period. The primary endpoint was amount of time until the patient no longer met the CDC definition of tracheitis.

RESULTS There were 19 patients who presented with 60 separate encounters. The average age of the patients within the gentamicin group was 7.2 and 5 years old within the tobramycin group. The average duration of time for the gentamicin treatment encounters to be free of the CDC definition of tracheitis was 3.36 days compared to 3.17 days with tobramycin. No adverse effects were observed that were attributable to aminoglycoside nebulization.

CONCLUSIONS No differences were detected between the safety and efficacy of intravenous gentamicin administered twice a day by nebulizer and that of tobramycin inhalation solution given twice daily in children without cystic fibrosis.
Security requirements for cryptographic modules
Authors:   National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
Published: March 2017

This Federal Information Processing Standard (140-2) specifies the security requirements that will be satisfied by a cryptographic module, providing four increasing, qualitative levels intended to cover a wide range of potential applications and environments. The areas covered, related to the secure design and implementation of a cryptographic module, include specification; ports and interfaces; roles, services, and authentication; finite state model; physical security; operational environment; cryptographic key management; electromagnetic interference/electromagnetic compatibility (EMI/EMC); self-tests; design assurance; and mitigation of other attacks. [Supersedes FIPS 140-1 (January 11, 1994)]
Supporting cells remove and replace sensory receptor hair cells in a balance organ of adult mice
Authors: Bucks Stephanie A , Cox Brandon C , Vlosich Brittany A , Manning James P , Nguyen Tot B , Stone Jennifer S
Published: March 2017

Vestibular hair cells in the inner ear encode head movements and mediate the sense of balance. These cells undergo cell death and replacement (turnover) throughout life in non-mammalian vertebrates. However, there is no definitive evidence that this process occurs in mammals. We used fate-mapping and other methods to demonstrate that utricular type II vestibular hair cells undergo turnover in adult mice under normal conditions. We found that supporting cells phagocytose both type I and II hair cells. Plp1-CreERT2-expressing supporting cells replace type II hair cells. Type I hair cells are not restored by Plp1-CreERT2-expressing supporting cells or by Atoh1-CreERTM-expressing type II hair cells. Destruction of hair cells causes supporting cells to generate 6 times as many type II hair cells compared to normal conditions. These findings expand our understanding of sensorineural plasticity in adult vestibular organs and further elucidate the roles that supporting cells serve during homeostasis and after injury.
Olfactory receptor accessory proteins play crucial roles in receptor function and gene choice
Authors: Sharma Ruchira , Ishimaru Yoshiro , Davison Ian , Ikegami Kentaro , Chien Ming-Shan , You Helena , Chi Quiyi , Kubota Momoka , Yohda Masafumi , Ehlers Michael , Matsunami Hiroaki
Published: March 2017

Each of the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) chooses to express a single G protein-coupled olfactory receptor (OR) from a pool of hundreds. Here, we show the receptor transporting protein (RTP) family members play a dual role in both normal OR trafficking and determining OR gene choice probabilities. Rtp1 and Rtp2 double knockout mice (RTP1,2DKO) show OR trafficking defects and decreased OSN activation. Surprisingly, we discovered a small subset of the ORs are expressed in larger numbers of OSNs despite the presence of fewer total OSNs in RTP1,2DKO. Unlike typical ORs, some overrepresented ORs show robust cell surface expression in heterologous cells without the co-expression of RTPs. We present a model in which developing OSNs exhibit unstable OR expression until they choose to express an OR that exits the ER or undergo cell death. Our study sheds light on the new link between OR protein trafficking and OR transcriptional regulation.