bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cocoa bean (Theobroma cacao L.) oil and acetone extract fractions ameliorative role on impaired lipid profile measured in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced hyperglycemic rats
Authors: Akataobi Uche.
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the ameliorative role of cocoa bean (Theobroma cacao L.) oil and acetone extract fractions of on lipid profile of STZ induced hyperglycemic rats. Thirty five (35) albino rats weighing 160 g -180 g were divided into seven groups. Six (6) groups were injected 60 mg/kg body weight STZ, five of the 6 injected groups was treated with oral 500 ml/kg oil-PE, oil-UnPE oil and 500 mg/kg standard drug (SC), peeled (PE), unpeeled (Un-PE) acetone extracts, fractions of cocoa bean, while the last 2 groups were similarly given water for 28 days. All the groups were sacrificed under 0.4ml ketamine injected intra-peritoneal, blood was collected via cardiac puncture to obtain serum. Result obtained showed that STZ induced hyperglycemia significant (p < 0.05) increased fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, low and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations while high density lipoproitein cholesterol concentration were reduced. Treatment with cocoa oil and acetone extract fractions significantly (P < 0.05) reduced fasting blood glucose, TG, CHO, LDL, VLDL-C concentrations and increased HDL-C concentration which occurred more in oil treated groups. The study concludes that oil and acetone extracts fraction of cocoa beans posses effective lipid lowering potentials which may be helpful in the treatment of dyslipidemia associated with hyperglycemia.
Body-to-brain Insulin and Notch signaling regulates memory through neuronal CREB activity
Authors: Murphy Coleen
Published: June 2024

While we think of memory regulation as autonomous to neurons, factors outside the brain can also affect neuronal function. In C. elegans, the insulin/IGF-1-like signaling (IIS) pathway regulates longevity1, metabolism2,3, and memory4,5: long-lived daf-2 insulin/IGF-1 receptor mutants more than double memory duration after a single training session. It was assumed that this regulation was strictly neuronal, but we discovered that degradation of DAF-2 in the hypodermis also greatly extends memory via expression of the diffusible Notch ligand, OSM-11, which in turn activates Notch signaling in neurons. Single-nucleus RNA-sequencing of neurons revealed activation of CREB memory genes and CREB itself. Finally, we found that activation of the hypodermal IIS/Notch/CREB pathway as well as OSM-11 overexpression in aged animals rescues both learning and memory. Thus, insulin signaling in the liver-like hypodermis6 non-autonomously regulates neuronal function, providing a systemic connection between metabolism and memory through IIS/Notch/CREB signaling from the body to the brain.
Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Mental Health, Salivary Cortisol and α-amylase level in students: A Randomized and Parallel-Group Clinical Trial
Authors: shahyad shima , Mohammadzadeghan Reza , Saadat Seyed Hassan , Hatef Boshra , Jahromi Gila Pirzad , Hassanvandi Saba
Published: June 2024

Background
The current trial aimed to assess the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction training on the level of mental health, salivary cortisol and α-amylase levels of students.
Methods
This research was an experimental trial with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of the research included all students studying in the universities of Khoy, Iran in 2021. The sample consisted of 30 people who were selected by randomized sampling and were assigned to two experimental and control groups. Stress, anxiety and depression scale (DASS-21), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and saliva samples were passively taken by ELISA laboratory method with special kits. Data analysis was done using an independent t-test and analysis of covariance using IBM-SPSS version 26 software.
Results
The results showed that MBSR training on general health, alpha-amylase level and alpha-amylase/cortisol ratio of experimental group participants was more effective than the control group (P < 0.05). However, it was not effective on students' cortisol levels (P > 0.05).
Conclusions
According to the findings, it can be argued that MBSR training has been able to promote the psychological (DASS and general health) and hormonal (alpha amylase level and alpha-amylase/cortisol ratio) mental health indicators of the experimental group participants compared to the control group.
DEER Study of Spatial Arrangement of Spin-labeled Diclofenac in Lipid Bilayers of Different Composition
Authors: Kashnik Anna S. , Atnyukova Anastasiya N. , Baranov Denis S. , Dzuba Sergei A.
Published: June 2024

Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Here we employ double electron-electron resonance (DEER, also known as PELDOR) to study the interaction of spin-labeled diclofenac (diclofenac-SL) with the model membrane of three types: palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), equimolar mixture of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), and this mixture with 20 mol% of cholesterol added. The results suggest that lipid-mediated lateral clustering of diclofenac-SL molecules occurs in all cases, but in very different ways. For the POPC bilayer, alternative clustering takes place in two opposite leaflets, with random distribution of the molecules within the clusters. For DOPC/DPPC and DOPC/DPPC/cholesterol bilayers, diclofenac-SL molecules are separated by a distance of at least 1.4 nm. DOPC/DPPC/cholesterol bilayers are known to form nanoscale liquid disordered and liquid ordered lateral structures, the latter called lipid rafts. For this case, diclofenac-SL molecules were found to be captured by lipid rafts, forming a quasi-regular two-dimensional substructure in them with a "superlattice" parameter of ~ 3.0 nm.
An Incremental Lightweight Method for Vulnerability Data Collection for Security Patches
Authors: Bhandari Guru , Gavric Nikola
Published: June 2024

Automated Program Repair enhances developers’ efficiency by reducing the time dedicated to debugging and fixing source code vulnerabilities. However, the existing datasets utilized to train patch generation models suffer from various limitations, notably the limited bug context, limited size, and reliance on synthetic and unrealistic source code samples. Additionally, existing dataset extraction tools lack an incremental approach, rendering the inclusion of new data a resource-intensive endeavor in terms of both time and computational resources. In this paper, we introduce FixMe , a novel framework designed for generating patches across diverse programming languages. This open-source tool facilitates an incremental approach to gathering vulnerability records from the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) database. Incorporating an incremental methodology accelerates the data acquisition process, encompassing newly identified vulnerabilities and their corresponding patch pairs. Our dataset curation method involves the extraction of security issues, acquiring vulnerability-fixing commits, and extracting source code from relevant projects. The resultant dataset comprises 18,063 CVEs from 2,133 commits, encompassing 19,109 patch sets with 44,059 vulnerability-fix pairs (patch hunks). This dataset spans 884 open-source projects hosted in git-based systems. Additionally , the study explores fostering the potential of APR techniques in reducing debugging costs and improving software quality by generating patches for fixing vulnerabilities automatically.
Decoding the respiratory microbiome alterations in OVA sensitized asthmatic mice caused by CpG-ODN by 16srRNA gene sequencing method
Authors: Ji Jingjing , Wang Qingqing , Xiao Shuaijun , Yan Xuebo , Fang Lei , Ding Peishan , Wang Jiong
Published: June 2024

Aims: The 16srRNA gene sequencing method was employed to examine the alterations in the nasopharyngeal and pulmonary microbiome of asthmatic mice following CpG-ODN treatment, thereby offering a novel approach to the diagnosis and treatment of asthma.
Methods: Ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized mice were used to establish allergic asthma model by weekly intraperitoneal injection of OVA for three consecutive weeks, and CpG-ODN was inhaled before inducing acute asthma on the 21st and 22nd day. Subsequently, 16srRNA gene sequencing technology was performed to analyse the alterations in the nasopharyngeal and pulmonary microbiome of OVA-sensitized asthma-induced mice following CpG-ODN treatment.
Results: CpG-ODN can significantly ameliorate pathological alterations such as inflammatory cell infiltration in the respiratory tract and clinical manifestations of OVA-induced allergic asthma. The treatment of CpG-ODN exhibits distinct effects on lung tissue and nasopharyngeal tissue, potentially enhancing the abundance and variety of microbiome in the latter. At the phylum level, OVA-induced asthma resulted in an increase in the proportion of Proteobacteria in lung and nasopharyngeal tissues, accompanied by a decline in the proportion of Actinobacteria. Subsequent intervention using CpG-ODN successfully restored the proportions of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria to near-control levels. At the order level, the proportion of Bacteroidales, Clostridiales, and Actinomycetales in lung tissue diminished following OVA sensitization. Subsequent to CpG-ODN treatment, the proportion of the above three bacterial orders escalated and approximated the proportion of the control group. The proportion of Lactobacillales in nasopharyngeal tissues diminished following OVA sensitization, and it tended to approach the level of the control group after the treatment of CpG-ODN. The microbial diversity of the lung tissue in OVA-induced asthmatic mice exhibits a decline, while the microbial diversity of the nasopharyngeal tissue demonstrates an increase.
Conclusions: The treatment of CpG-ODN has been shown to reverse the alterations in microbiome associated with OVA-induced asthma, thereby promoting a stabilization of the respiratory tract microbiome in OVA-sensitized asthma model mice.
Assessing the Efficacy and Quality of Life Improvements of Botulinum Toxin Type A With Topical Minoxidil versus Topical Minoxidil in Male Androgenetic Alopecia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yu Linli , Moorthy Sathishkumar , Li Xutong , Peng Lin , Zhang Zikai , Shen Liangliang , Han Yu , Huang Xin
Published: June 2024

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common type of hair loss in men and efficacy and safety of current medical treatment remain limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) combined with Minoxidil in patients with AGA. 60 male patients were included in this study and control group received topical 5% Minoxidil and the treatment group received BTA combined with topical 5% Minoxidil. BTA injections (60–70 U) were administered at 30–35 scalp sites. Head photographs were taken at baseline, 2nd, 4th, and 6th months. Clinical descriptions recorded scalp conditions, and patient satisfaction along with Dermatology Life Quality Index scores were documented. The treatment group (TG) showed significant hair growth differences compared to the control group (CG) at the 4th month (P < 0.001) and 6th month (P = 0.0046) post-treatment. TG had improved Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) scores in the 4th month (P = 0.0001) and 6th month (P = 0.0259) compared to CG. Patient satisfaction in TG for hair growth and scalp improvement was higher than CG (all P < 0.05). TG exhibited substantial quality of life improvement at the 4-month (P = 0.0009) and 6-month (P = 0.0099). No adverse reactions were observed post-botulinum toxin injection. BTA combined with Minoxidil effectively promotes hair growth, enhances the quality of life, and alleviates scalp symptoms in male AGA patients at 4th and 6th months, with no adverse effects compared to Minoxidil alone. Trial registration number: Ethics Committee of Shanghai Tongji Hospital (ID: K-2018-026).
Impact of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Components on Under-5 Children's Mortality in Ethiopia: A Comparative Analysis of Count Regression Models
Authors: Chafamo Melkamu , Muniswamy B. , Punyavathi B.
Published: June 2024

Objectives To investigates the effect of WASH components on under 5 children mortality and Compare the performance of count advanced count regression models.
Design In this study, data on Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Components on Under-5 Children's Mortality in Ethiopia participating in the Ethiopian Demographic and Health survey conducted at 2019. The cross-sectional study design was used to study the Demographic and Health data from 11 different regions of Ethiopia. R programming has been used to analyse descriptive and inferential statistics. The baseline Poisson regression model exhibited overdispersion, leading to the exploration of various count regression models. The Negative Binomial regression model emerged as the best fit for the data, displaying low Akaike Information Criterion (AI) values.
Setting Women of reproductive Age 15-49 with Under-Five children were interviewed.
Participants A total of 5753 women of reproductive Age 15-49 with Under-Five children were interviewed.
Primary Outcome Measure The number of under-5 children death, that is count variable.
Results The study reveals Significant factors influencing under 5 children's mortality were identified, including rural residence, inadequate toilet facilities, reliance on unsafe water sources, household access to radios, and household composition.
Conclusion Children living in rural areas faced a significantly higher risk of mortality compared to urban counterparts. Furthermore, households lacking proper sanitation facilities or using unsafe water sources exhibited elevated mortality rates among under-5-year-olds. Conversely, households with radios showed a lower risk of under-5-year-old child deaths. The number of children in a household under the age of five and female-headed households were associated with lower mortality rates.
Illegal Miner Detection based on Dynamic Mode Decomposition and Unsupervised Algorithms
Authors: Simorgh Alireza , Khandani Khosro , Amiri Maryam
Published: June 2024

Since the most important issue in the production of digital currencies is energy consumption, the use of illegal electricity in mining farms has become very popular. Illegal mining is particularly important in countries such as Iran where the price of electrical energy is extremely low. This issue has caused numerous problems such as frequent blackouts, large losses for industries and even daily power cuts in several large cities. Previous machine learning approaches for miner detection are mostly supervised methods which rely on labeled data. Due to the fact that the number of labeled data is very limited in reality, we propose unsupervised methods in this paper. A real data set from Markazi Province Distribution Company in Iran has been employed to produce the results. The process consists of two stages: in the first stage, Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) has been used to extract new features which compose the set of features along with certain factors from the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). These features are selected for 58 subscribers with positive and negative labels. In the second stage, a number of unsupervised models are built from the results of the first stage. The highest accuracy obtained is 74% from unsupervised algorithms and 85% for supervised algorithms, which is very significant considering the fact that unsupervised algorithms do not need labeled data.
Low Illumination Target Detection Based on Information Aggregation and Distribution Mechanism
Authors: Wang Xin , Li Jian , Wang yongshan , Hua qianhui , Shi Yi
Published: June 2024

In low illumination environments, there are numerous challenges such as small targets, dense targets, occluded targets, and imbalanced sample distribution. Directly applying general object detection methods often fails to achieve ideal results. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an efficient object detection network, YOLO_LLD, for precise detection of targets in low illumination scenes. The algorithm is based on the YOLOv5s framework and introduces a cross-layer feature fusion method based on an information aggregation and distribution mechanism to mitigate information loss during cross-layer feature interactions. Additionally, the integration of dynamic sparse attention BiFormer constructs an efficient pyramid network architecture, reducing computational redundancy caused by the self-attention mechanism and enhancing the model's precision in detecting small targets.Inspired by the Inception structure, this paper designs the Multi-path Gradient Aggregation (MGA) structure, primarily aimed at ensuring better detail feature extraction from the perspective of gradient optimization under complex network models. Furthermore, a linear interval mapping mechanism is introduced into the bounding box regression loss function, enabling the network model to better focus on hard samples and further improve detection accuracy. Experimental results on the ExDark dataset demonstrate that, compared to YOLOv5, the mean average precision (mAP) is improved by 4.97%, indicating that the proposed method effectively enhances the performance of object detection in low illumination scenes.
Timing and contents of early palliative care preferred by patients with advanced cancer in Japan: an Internet-based questionnaire survey
Authors: Sano Hitoya , Odagiri Takuya , Tagami Keisuke , Uneno Yu , Muto Manabu
Published: June 2024

Purpose
To clarify the preferred timing and contents of early palliative care and preference for continued care delivery among patients with advanced cancer in Japan.
Methods
We conducted an Internet-based anonymous questionnaire survey on adult patients with advanced cancer. We assessed the patients’ wishes for palliative care delivered by a team or at outpatient clinics while asymptomatic, as well as the preferred intervention timing and preference for continuing care lifelong. Palliative care contents, cancer status, understanding and goals of cancer treatment, symptoms, and background factors were compared among these three preferences.
Results
In total, 531 patients responded (mean age, 61 years; men, 70%; major primary cancer sites, urological tract and breast), of whom 345 patients (65%) wished for palliative care while asymptomatic, and multivariate analysis revealed that a desire to address daily living and financial issues; wishing for consultations regarding illness, treatment, and end-of-life care; young age; primary sites other than hematological or urological sites; and increased physical distress were significantly associated with this wish. Approximately 51.3% of patients preferred palliative care before completing cancer treatment, while 40% preferred continuing palliative care lifelong. Young patients preferred early palliative care, and patients with a desire to address social distress preferred continuing palliative care.
Conclusion
The results highlight the importance of early palliative care planning in patients with advanced cancer; however, evaluating the eligibility for palliative care is essential.
Optimizing Load Parameters for Resisted Sled Sprint Training on Artificial Turf through Biomechanical and Kinematic Analysis in Soccer Players
Authors: Guo Tianze , Zhai Haiting , Wei Hongwen
Published: June 2024

Background: Resisted Sled Sprint (RSS) training is widely used to enhance sprinting speed across various sports by applying external loads to stimulate the lower limbs. This study investigates the optimal load for RSS by examining biomechanical and kinematic responses in soccer players to different load levels, focusing on how external loads affect sprint velocity and performance dynamics.
Methods: Twenty-nine soccer players participated in a controlled experiment involving five 20-meter sprints under varying load conditions
Results: A linear regression showed a significant relationship between load and sprint velocity decrease (%Body mass = 1.222 × %Vdec + 5.8, R² = 0.612). Increased loads led to reduced stride length and sprint speed but enhanced contact time, propulsive duration, vertical impulse, and ankle dorsiflexion. Notably, the 10%Vdec condition significantly increased propulsion impulse.
Conclusions: On artificial turf, external load strongly correlates with reduced sprint velocity in 20m resisted sled sprints. Higher loads improve ankle dorsiflexion and trunk tilt, facilitating horizontal force during acceleration. Although a 10% speed reduction minimally affects stride length and joint angles, it significantly boosts horizontal extensor force in soccer players.
Stability & Polymorphic Characterization of Elacestrant Dihydrochloride
Authors: Masum Zia Uddin , Spoors P. Grant , Cruskie MIchael , Bolger Joshua , McKenzie Jonathan , Sheth Pratik , Edwards Richard , Eberlin Alex , Markey MIchael , Gupta Vivek
Published: June 2024

Polymorphism studies were conducted on elacestrant dihydrochloride (RAD1901-2HCl) to identify the existence of hydrates, solvates, and non-solvated forms and investigate their solid-state properties and relative thermodynamic stabilities. Two batches (denoted Form 1 and Form 2/3) of elacestrant dihydrochloride were extensively characterized, revealing that Form 1 exists as a stable anhydrous polymorphic form at 0-90% RH but converts irreversibly to a hydrate (Form 3) at greater than 90% RH. In contrast, Form 2/3 exhibits lower stability and is a dynamic mixture of anhydrous (Form 2) and hydrated states (Form 3) influenced by ambient RH. Analyzing humidity behavior, utilizing custom GVS and variable humidity XRPD methods, found that Form 1 is the preferred crystalline form, with stable properties and low hygroscopicity. Comprehensive polymorph screens, including heating, cooling, evaporation, and maturation cycles in diverse solvent systems, produced the known crystalline forms (Forms 1, 2, and 3). The prevalence of anhydrous Form 1 suggests its suitability for development, while the hydrate (Form 3) is generated in the presence of water or water/solvent mixtures. Water activity experiments with elacestrant dihydrochloride recrystallization solvents indicate that anhydrous Form 1 can be reliably obtained at and below 5% v/v water. These studies demonstrate that Form 1 (‘desired form’) is stable, has low hygroscopicity and good thermal properties, and is the most appropriate crystalline form for development and commercialization. However, careful control of water content (below 5% v/v) and room humidity is crucial during drug development, commercialization and storage to prevent the formation of the less stable Form 3 (hydrate).
Organometallics in Medicinal Chemistry: Antiparasitic Agents
Authors: Gambino Dinorah
Published: June 2024

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) encompass a diverse group of 20 medical conditions triggered by various pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and parasitic worms. Diseases caused by parasitic protozoa and parasitic worms show the highest incidence worldwide. NTDs predominantly afflict impoverished communities in tropical regions, although some exhibit a broader geographic reach. It is estimated that over 1 billion people suffer from NTDs, spanning 149 countries. Additionally, malaria is caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium and is highly prevalent in similar geographic regions. New drugs are urgently needed for the treatment of these diseases. In the last decades, various research groups have endeavored to develop organometallic compounds with potential applications as drugs against malaria and NTDs diseases caused by trypanosomatid parasites and parasitic helminths. This perspective highlights selected efforts from these groups in the pursuit of innovative therapeutic solutions. Relevant bioorganometallic compounds belonging to the typical classes of metallocenes, “half sandwich” M-arenes and metal carbonyls will be particularly described.
Estilhaços do discurso amoroso na ficção histórica decolonial de Maryse Condé
Authors: Silva Ribeiro Maria Aparecida
Published: June 2024

O texto analisa o romance Eu, Tituba, bruxa negra de Salém, de Maryse Condé, segundo elementos semânticos presentes na narração, os quais, por um lado, a aproximam de um padrão narrativo clássico e, por outro, trazem componentes singulares relacionados a determinado ponto de vista de que se vale o relato. Pontua, no texto, episódios nos quais a protagonista vivencia o amor, aqui entendido como pulsão afetiva que enseja determinadas atitudes nas diferentes interações sociais. Enquanto formulação literário-discursiva, tal noção aparece estilhaçada em situações constituintes de sua jornada. Fragmentação essa que parece indicar as intensas contradições emocionais vividas por Tituba, seus conflitos internos, frutos de sua condição de mulher, afrodescendente, sobrevivendo em uma sociedade colonial, escravista e patriarcal. O que torna o estudo de bell hooks, Tudo sobre o amor: novas perspectivas, essencial para entender tais processos de superação e de resiliência na decisão de amar e ser amada, conforme manifesta por Tituba, em meio a um atribulado percurso existencial. A contribuição de Roland Barthes, em Fragmentos de um Discurso Amoroso, corresponde à seleção de indicadores semânticos do desenvolvimento do tema-assunto, sugerindo, outrossim, caminhos interpretativos para tais índices, presentes no romance em estudo bem como na literatura canônica universal, conforme farta documentação do semiólogo francês. Como roteiro metodológico, são utilizadas as abordagens  sugeridas por Abrams (2010), a saber, expressiva, mimética, objetiva e pragmática, que relacionam os tópicos pontuados na obra de Condé,  respectivamente, a dados biográficos da autora; contextuais em relação à história narrada; estruturais; bem como aos usos que a narrativa tem ensejado na discussão sobre diáspora africana, feminismo negro e decolonialidade. E, por fim, destacam-se aspectos relevantes para a percepção da obra da escritora guadalupense como essencial ao estudo da formação das sociedades, a partir de uma lógica contra-hegemônica e em meio a processos antirracistas de revisão histórica.
Ivete Sangalo em cena: face e representação
Authors: Da Costa Coelho Victoria Wilson , Do Nascimento Silva Rafael
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho insere-se no campo da Sociolinguística Interacional e tem como objetivo investigar a construção da autoimagem da cantora Ivete Sangalo em uma entrevista cedida a uma rádio baiana no ano de 2017. Os pressupostos teóricos relacionam-se à concepção de face, introduzida por Goffman (1980; 1985; 2004; 2010; 2011; 2014), e seus desdobramentos no que se relaciona à ordem ritual, à linha de conduta e à representação, conceitos e categorias importantes para delinear o perfil (self ) da artista, considerada uma celebridade, na interação escolhida para este trabalho. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa-interpretativista, explora os estímulos maneira e aparência apresentados por Goffman (1985), tratando-os como critérios de análise da representação da face projetada pela cantora e reforçada pela mídia: uma face coadunada, especialmente, com traços ligadas à simpatia.
A variação na forma das orações relativas no contexto da polarização sociolinguística do Brasil
Authors: Lucchesi Dante
Published: June 2024

As orações relativas com antecedente introduzidas por uma palavra interrogativa (com exceção do onde) ou por um pronome relativo regido por uma preposição são construções que já não fazem parte da gramática natural dos brasileiros de todos os estratos sociais. É plausível que isso resulte de um processo de simplificação morfológica desencadeado pelo massivo contato entre línguas que marca a formação da sociedade brasileira, embora esse tipo de mudança tenda a se concentrar apenas nas classe sociais mais baixas, o que é determinante para a configuração atual da polarização sociolinguística do Brasil. Diante disso, os resultados das análises sociolinguísticas da variação na forma das orações relativas no acervo do Projeto da Norma Urbana Culta do Rio de Janeiro (NURC-RJ), de um lado, e, do outro lado, em uma amostra de fala vernácula do português popular do interior do Estado da Bahia, são cotejados, para verificar empiricamente as predições do algoritmo da polarização sociolinguística do Brasil. Os resultados das análises quantitativas, com o enquadramento da Sociolinguística Laboviana, revelaram que, no que concerne à variação na forma das orações relativas, a fala da elite letrada e a linguagem popular diferem em todos os três parâmetros previstos pelo algoritmo da polarização: a diferença na frequência de uso das variantes linguísticas, a avaliação subjetiva dessas variantes e tendências de mudança em curso em cada um dos dois grupos sociais. Com isso, constata-se que, mesmo naquelas mudanças induzidas pelo contato que se difundiram por todos os estratos da sociedade brasileira, o quadro de polarização sociolinguística se mantém.
A construção do espaço narrativo em Âmes Tembé de Marie-Georges Thébia: comida e ambientação
Authors: Costa Ribeiro Rosária Cristina
Published: June 2024

Lançado em 2023, o segundo romance de Marie-George Thébia, Âmes Tembé, contribui de maneira importante para a consolidação de seu nome entre os principais da prosa guianense contemporânea. Sua carreira literária chama a atenção pela qualidade, recebendo diversos prêmios, entre eles o prêmio DRAC (Direction Régionale des Affaires Culturelles) por seu conto “Le Manguier”, em 1999; em 2006, o prêmio René-Maran por outro conto: “Bois d'ébène”. Já em 2016, seu primeiro romance, La Vie Bidim d'Ambrosia Nelson, é nomeado ao prêmio Carbet Caribe. Em Âmes tembé a escritora lança um romance que busca apresentar uma Guiana multiforme e multiétnica. Nessa obra, a construção do espaço chama-nos a atenção, entre outros motivos, por sua relação com as cores, fato enfatizado pela autora em entrevistas, por sua relação com a arte tembé, detectada desde a capa, e pela presença constante e significativa da alimentação. Nosso objetivo neste artigo é desenvolver uma análise da construção do espaço romanesco, a partir da presença da comida nos processos de ambientação (DIMAS, 1985; LINS, 1976) e topoanálise (BORGES FILHO, 2007; LINS, 1976) desta última obra publicada por Thébia. Para adentrarmos na construção do espaço narrativo no romance, partimos da relação da comida com esses processos de ambientação, bem como da noção de memória criada por essa relação (NASCIMENTO, 2007; SEDLMAYER, 2014; SEIXO, 2014). A vivência múltipla da escritora funde-se ao da protagonista, Manuela, em um mergulho nas raízes da cultura guianense, em busca de sua guianidade. Esperamos que, a partir das discussões aqui propostas, possamos contribuir para a divulgação de obras guianenses junto ao público brasileiro.
Literatura na mobilidade: relação de haitianos no Brasil com a obra “Senhores do Orvalho” de Jacques Roumain
Authors: Staudt Taíse , Santos de Souza Lívia
Published: June 2024

Com a recente intensificação dos fluxos migratórios da população haitiana ao Brasil, diversas questões que envolvem o universo cultural haitiano passaram a fazer parte também do universo brasileiro.  Este artigo tem por objetivo salientar as principais questões que pudemos observar na relação entre imigrantes haitianos no Brasil e a literatura de seu país, mais especificamente com a obra “Senhores do Orvalho” de Jacques Roumain. A metodologia utilizada na investigação foi a realização de entrevistas de História Oral. A pesquisa demonstra que existe uma grande relevância da literatura na construção de um sentimento de orgulho para população haitiana, como uma forma de poder carregar nas malas um pouco do seu país. Nesse sentido, o romance “Senhores do Orvalho” escrito por Jacques Roumain demonstrou ser um símbolo do Haiti, uma obra que consegue demonstrar em diversas esferas a cultura, história e resistência haitiana, além de uma ferramenta para enfrentar as dificuldades da mobilidade.
Maternidade, maternagem e maternicídio em Mère prison (2021) d’Emmelyne Octavie
Authors: Silva-Reis Dennys
Published: June 2024

Os estudos maternos na literatura já têm longa data tanto na literatura francesa quanto na literatura francófona para o gênero romance. No entanto, este artigo tem como objetivo trazer um estudo sobre a obra teatral Mère prison (2021), texto premiado da jovem escritora franco-guianense Emmelyne Octavie. A partir da figura da mãe, estabelece-se os conceitos teóricos maternidade (a figura materna), maternagem (os cuidados da mãe) e maternicídio (a morte da maternidade) como etapas limítrofes da presente investigação. Almeja-se identificar, analisar e compreender como as relações maternas são lavradas pela autora e que técnicas dramáticas contribuem para a construção do texto teatral octaviano. Constata-se que o texto teatral octaviano é veloz e, como consequência desta característica, ele consegue mostrar a história da mãe de presidiários entre altos e baixos no que tange à maternidade, à maternagem e ao maternicídio, além de tratar de um tema atualíssimo como a situação do encarceramento em massa.
Sendo macho sob luz neon
Authors: Silva Junior Alcidesio Oliveira da , Maknamara Marlécio
Published: June 2024

Em um Nordeste cuja potência brinca com o imaginário, este artigo volta-se para o filme Boi Neon (2015), dirigido por Gabriel Mascaro, buscando ampliar a reflexão pedagógica, em especial do currículo, para o cinema, evidenciando a potência subjetivadora das imagens em composição com suas narrativas Sob a inspiração das teorias pós-críticas de currículo, sobretudo da Filosofia da Diferença, argumenta-se que o devir-mulher de Iremar, protagonista do filme, transmuta-se no movimento surrealista e espacial de um currículo-neon. O Nordeste, como recorte espacial prenhe de imagens e representações de masculinidade, apresenta uma topografia de poder com contornos rígidos que simulam uma naturalidade nas relações de gênero. Concluímos que o currículo-neon opera uma resistência nesta geografia, pondo em funcionamento novas espacialidades, reconfigurando o espaço-tempo nas narrativas hegemônicas. Neste currículo, linhas coloridas e reluzentes põem em variação as representações de masculinidade nordestina, transmutando os processos de subjetivação através de novos desejos.
effect of entrepreneur characteristics and business characteristics on the growth of MSMEs in South Kalimantan
Authors: Aroma Hadinoori , Saipudin Saipudin , Nuryadin M Rusmin
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to Knowing the effect of entrepreneur characteristics partially. 2. Knowing the effect of entrepreneur characteristics simultaneously. 3. Knowing the effect of business characteristics partially. 4. Knowing the effect of business characteristics simultaneously. Research respondents were BNI bank debtors as many as 328 samples. Data is processed using multiple regression analysis. The results of this study prove that: 1. Entrepreneur characteristics partially have a significant positive effect on the growth of MSMEs in South Kalimantan are informal education variables, and business experience. The characteristics of entrepreneurs that partially have no effect on the growth of MSMEs in South Kalimantan are the variables of formal education and gender. 2. Entrepreneur characteristics simultaneously have a significant effect on the growth of MSMEs in South Kalimantan. 3. Business characteristics that partially. Business characteristics that partially have a significant positive effect on the growth of MSMEs in South Kalimantan are the variables of business capital, type of business, number of workers, and age of business.  4. Business characteristics can simultaneously have a significant effect on the growth of MSMEs in South Kalimantan. F
Marine Data Fusion for Analyzing Spatio-Temporal Ocean Region Connectivity
Authors: Trahms Carola
Published: June 2024

This thesis develops methods to automate and objectify the connectivity analysis between ocean regions.
Existing methods for connectivity analysis often rely on manual integration of expert knowledge, which renders
the processing of large amounts of data tedious. This thesis presents a new framework for Data Fusion that provides several approaches for automation and objectification of the entire analysis process. It identifies
different complexities of connectivity analysis and shows how the Data Fusion framework can be applied and adapted to them. The framework is used in this thesis to analyze geo-referenced trajectories of fish larvae in the
western Mediterranean Sea, to trace the spreading pathways of newly formed water in the subpolar North Atlantic based on their hydrographic properties, and to gauge their temporal change. These examples introduce a new,
and highly relevant field of application for the established Data Science methods that were used and innovatively combined in the framework. New directions for further development of these methods are opened up which go
beyond optimization of existing methods. The Marine Science, more precisely Physical Oceanography, benefits from the new possibilities to analyze large amounts of data quickly and objectively for its exact research questions.
This thesis is a foray into the new field of Marine Data Science. It practically and theoretically explores the possibilities of combining Data Science and the Marine Sciences advantageously for both sides. The example of
automating and objectifying connectivity analysis between marine regions in this thesis shows the added value of combining Data Science and Marine Science. This thesis also presents initial insights and ideas on how
researchers from both disciplines can position themselves to thrive as Marine Data Scientists and simultaneously advance our understanding of the ocean.
Development of a diffusion kernel density estimator and application on marine carbon-13 isotope data
Authors: Pelz Maria-Theresia
Published: June 2024

My work developed a kernel density estimator that well resolves typical structures of probability densities, which was demonstrated on a newly compiled marine data set of organic carbon-13 isotope ratios (δ13CPOC).
All work was conducted within the emerging field of marine data science. I identified classical data science, a general understanding of ocean science, communication skills, and confidence as requirements for marine
data scientists. In the beginning of my work, the existing δ13CPOC data consisted of about 500 data points in the global ocean. I expanded the existing data set to 4732 data points in a first version, and additionally
to 6952 in a second. Both are published at PANGAEA along with meta information such as measurement location, time, and method, and interpolations. I have published a description of the temporal and geographic distribution of
the first version at Earth System Science Data. I designed the development of the kernel density estimator algorithm on the existing concept of computing it as a solution of the diffusion equation. My algorithm uses finite
differences in space and equidistant time steps with an implicit Euler method, and approximates the optimal smoothing parameter by two pilot steps. Compared to other well-known kernel density estimators, my algorithm
produces reliable approximations of multimodal and boundary-close distributions on artificial and real marine data and is robust to noise. My implementation is published as a Python package on Zenodo, its description is
submitted to Geoscientific Model Development. I was able to show that my kernel density estimator reliably evalu- ates ocean data and thus lays a foundation for calibrating Earth system models. At the same time, I was able to
contribute to the definition and establishment of the field of Marine Data Science.
Exploring Methods of Explainable AI
Authors: Landt-Hayen Marco
Published: June 2024

In this work, we explore methods of explainable AI (xAI) to better understand how artificial neural networks (ANNs) come to their conclusion and to visualize the relationship between input and output. Moreover, we aim to
use our insights to improve our understanding of the climate system. Working with observational data in the context of geophysics can be challenging since we have consistent data only from the recent past. But most machine
learning (ML) methods are data hungry and need sufficient training data. In practice, there exist some exceptions. Among these, we find Echo State Networks (ESNs) as a certain type of recurrent neural networks. We show that
layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) can be used for ESNs. However, there are pitfalls in terms of model-inherent artifacts included in the obtained relevance maps. We revise LRP on various ANN architectures and give
guidance on how to control model focus. Furthermore, we address the problem of insufficient training data and introduce a new benchmark data set. In particular, we create a collection of climate indices used to describe
the dynamics of the Earth system. In order to have consistent data over a sufficiently long time span, we favor to work with data from modern Earth System Models. The new data set opens the door to tackle another problem
regarding geospatial data. In the context of geophysics, we often have missing values. We use U-Net models from the domain of computer vision to reconstruct missing data in two-dimensional geospatial fields. Moreover, we
introduce a technique to identify grid points that are most relevant for successful reconstruction. This helps to answer the question where to place a limited number of survey stations to get most information out of it.
Eventually, we extend our approach to predict future geospatial fields from sparse inputs. We try to infer climate events like e.g., El Nino or rainfall in the African Sahel region from reconstructed data.
Differences in Physicians’ Ratings of Work Stressors and Resources Associated With Digital Transformation: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wekenborg Magdalena Katharina , Förster Katharina , Schweden Florian , Weidemann Robin , Bechtolsheim Felix von , Kirschbaum Clemens , Weitz Jürgen , Ditzen Beate
Published: June 2024

Background

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic rapidly accelerated the need and implementation of digital innovations, especially in medicine.

Objective

To gain a better understanding of the stress associated with digital transformation in physicians, this study aims to identify working conditions that are stress relevant for physicians and differ in dependence on digital transformation. In addition, we examined the potential role of individual characteristics (ie, age, gender, and actual implementation of a digital innovation within the last 3 years) in digitalization-associated differences in these working conditions.

Methods

Cross-sectional web-based questionnaire data of 268 physicians (mean age 40.9, SD 12.3 y; n=150, 56% women) in Germany were analyzed. Physicians rated their chronic stress level and 11 relevant working conditions (ie, work stressors such as time pressure and work resources such as influence on sequence) both before and after either a fictional or real implementation of a relevant digital transformation at their workplace. In addition, a subsample of individuals (60; n=33, 55% women) submitted self-collected hair samples for cortisol analysis.

Results

The stress relevance of the selected working conditions was confirmed by significant correlations with self-rated chronic stress and hair cortisol levels (hair F) within the sample, all of them in the expected direction (P values between .01 and <.001). Multilevel modeling revealed significant differences associated with digital transformation in the rating of 8 (73%) out of 11 working conditions. More precisely, digital transformation was associated with potentially stress-enhancing effects in 6 working conditions (ie, influence on procedures and complexity of tasks) and stress-reducing effects in 2 other working conditions (ie, perceived workload and time pressure). Younger individuals, women, and individuals whose workplaces have implemented digital innovations tended to perceive digitalization-related differences in working conditions as rather stress-reducing.

Conclusions

Our study lays the foundation for future hypothesis-based longitudinal research by identifying those working conditions that are stress relevant for physicians and prone to differ as a function of digital transformation and individual characteristics.
Guideline-based clinical decision support framework for multimorbidity: a protocol for formulation and testing (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Zijun , Wang Ling , Wang Bingyi , He Hongfeng , Li Zhewei , Zhu Di , Zhang Jie , Zhang Huayu , Chen Yaolong , Estill Janne
Published: June 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Introduction: The burden of multimorbidity is increasing globally, which complicates the use of guidelines in clinical practice and healthcare: practitioners may need to increasingly refer to multiple guidelines with potentially conflicting recommendations. We aim to develop a guideline-based decision support framework for the management of multimorbid patients to help clinicians efficiently evaluate, select and adapt recommendations focusing on the different comorbidities and aspects of multimorbidity.
Methods and analysis: We will conduct the project in the following steps: 1) Confirming the need for the framework; 2) Establishing international working groups (coordination team, evidence support group, consensus group); 3) Conducting literature reviews and original research to formulate an initial draft framework; 4) Consensus process including expert survey and consensus meeting; 5) Formulating and releasing the final framework; and 6) Testing the framework. We plan to complete the project within three years.
Strengths and limitations of this study: This framework will help clinicians from all levels of health care institutions to make decisions in the management of multimorbid patients based on the latest available evidence and reduce potential health risks to their patients. The limitation of this framework is that such a broad framework may not fit all disease combinations or realistic situations so well. To reduce the degree of inapplicability, after completion of the framework, we will continue to monitor its use with regular updates as needed.
Research on the Effect of Financial Asset Allocation on Household Consumption:Based on the Perspective of Wealth Effect
Authors: Chen Longhui
Published: June 2024

Based on the perspective of wealth effect, this paper uses the data of China Household Finance Survey to explore the effect of household financial asset allocation on consumption.This paper found that there is a wealth effect between household financial asset allocation and consumption,that is,household financial assets have an impact on consumption through the change of holding level.And when we used the instrumental variable to deal with the endogenous problem of variables, the above conclusion is still valid.Similarly,After replacing the empirical model and database,the empirical results are also robust and significant.This paper is of great significance to promote households to allocate more financial assets and release consumption vitality.