bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review of Yoga and Balance: Effect on Adults With Neuromuscular Impairment
Authors: Green Ellen , Huynh Annette , Broussard Lori , Zunker Brady , Matthews Jerril , Hilton Claudia L. , Aranha Karen
Published: January 2019

This systematic review examines the efficacy of yoga as a neuromuscular intervention for community-dwelling populations at risk for falls to determine its utility for use in occupational therapy intervention. Populations included older adults and adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)–type dementia, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Benefits of yoga include improved posture control, improved flexibility of mind and body, relaxation, and decreased anxiety and stress. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to understand the salutary benefits of yoga for clients who are at risk for falls because of neuromuscular issues. Moderate evidence supports the use of yoga to decrease the risk for falls for community-dwelling older adults and people with CVA, dementia and AD-type dementia, and MS. Studies involving people with TBI and PD did not include strong enough evidence to be able to make a clear classification.
Resting-State Electroencephalography in Participants With Sensory Overresponsiveness: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Granovsky Yelena , Weissman-Fogel Irit , Bar-Shalita Tami
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE. People with sensory overresponsiveness (SOR) perceive nonpainful stimuli as noxious and demonstrate hyperalgesia and lingering sensation to laboratory pain stimuli. Electroencephalography (EEG) of cortical activity at rest is widely used to explore endophenotypes but has not yet been tested in people with SOR. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of resting-state EEG in participants with SOR.

METHOD. Resting-state EEG (5-min, eyes-closed recording) was compared in participants with (n = 9) and without (n = 12) SOR.

RESULTS. Participants with SOR demonstrated a global reduction of the EEG activity, including significantly lower θ and α1 activity as well as faster peak α frequency. Higher sensory-responsiveness scores were associated with high peak α power in participants without SOR.

CONCLUSION. Reduced α activity is commonly interpreted as an electrophysiological indicator of arousal and sensitivity to pain. The EEG pattern of response may partly explain the reported ongoing daily alertness to environmental stimuli in participants with SOR.
Subseasonal hydrometeorological ensemble predictions in small- and medium-sized mountainous catchments: benefits of the NWP approach
Authors: Monhart Samuel , Zappa Massimiliano , Spirig Christoph , Schär Christoph , Bogner Konrad
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Traditional ensemble streamflow prediction (ESP) systems are known to
provide a valuable baseline to predict streamflows at the subseasonal to
seasonal timescale. They exploit a combination of initial conditions and past
meteorological observations, and can often provide useful forecasts of the
expected streamflow in the upcoming month. In recent years, numerical weather
prediction (NWP) models for subseasonal to seasonal timescales have made
large progress and can provide added value to such a traditional ESP
approach. Before using such meteorological predictions two major problems
need to be solved: the correction of biases, and downscaling to
increase the
spatial resolution. Various methods exist to overcome these problems, but the
potential of using NWP information and the relative merit of the different
statistical and modelling steps remain
open. To address this question, we compare a traditional ESP system with a
subseasonal hydrometeorological ensemble prediction system in three alpine
catchments with varying hydroclimatic conditions and areas between 80 and
1700 km2. Uncorrected and corrected (pre-processed) temperature and
precipitation reforecasts from the ECMWF subseasonal NWP model are used to
run the hydrological simulations and the performance of the resulting
streamflow predictions is assessed with commonly used verification scores
characterizing different aspects of the forecasts (ensemble mean and spread).
Our results indicate that the NWP-based approach can provide superior
prediction to the ESP approach, especially at shorter lead times. In
snow-dominated catchments the pre-processing of the meteorological input
further improves the performance of the predictions. This is most pronounced
in late winter and spring when snow melting occurs. Moreover, our results
highlight the importance of snow-related processes for subseasonal streamflow
predictions in mountainous regions.
Eddy-induced Track Reversal and Upper Ocean Physical-Biogeochemical Response of Tropical Cyclone Madi in the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Chowdhury Riyanka Roy , Kumar S. Prasanna , Chakraborty Arun
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The life cycle of the tropical cyclone Madi in the southwestern Bay of Bengal (BoB) during 6th to 12th December 2013 was studied using a suite of ocean and atmospheric data. Madi formed as a depression on 6th December and intensified into a very severe cyclonic storm by 8th December. What was distinct about Madi was its (1) swift weakening from very severe cyclone to a severe cyclone while moving towards north on 9th, (2) abrupt track reversal close to 180-degree in a southwestward direction on 10th, and (3) rapid decay in the open ocean by 12th December while still moving southwestward. Using both in situ and remote sensing data, we show that oceanic cyclonic eddies played a leading role in the ensuing series of events that followed its genesis. The sudden weakening of the cyclone before its track reversal was facilitated by the oceanic cyclonic (cold-core) eddy, which reduced the ocean heat content and cooled the upper ocean through upward eddy-pumping of subsurface waters. When Madi moved over cyclonic eddy-core, its further northward movement was arrested. Subsequently, the prevailing northeasterly winds assisted the slow moving system to change its track to a southwesterly path. While travelling towards southwestward direction, the system rapidly decayed when it passed over the regions of cyclonic eddies located near the western boundary of the BoB. Though Madi was a category-2 cyclone, it had a profound impact on the physical and biogeochemical state of the upper ocean. Cyclone-induced enhancement in the chlorophyll a ranged from 5 to 7-fold, while increase in the net primary productivity ranged from 2.5 to 8-fold. Similarly, the CO2 out-gassing into the atmosphere showed a 3.7-fold increase compared to the pre-cyclone values. Our study points to the crucial role oceanic eddies play in the life cycle of cyclone in the BoB. Eddies being ubiquitous and tropical cyclones occur twice a year in the BoB, there is an urgent need to incorporate them in the models for the better prediction of the cyclone track and intensity.
AMBULATORINIŲ PACIENTŲ SVEIKATOS RAŠTINGUMAS
Authors: Kazlauskienė Laimutė , Žiliukas Geriuldas , Norkienė Sigutė , Norkutė-Macijauskė Urtė
Published: January 2019

Tyrimo tikslas. Išanalizuoti ambulatorinių pacientų sveikatos raštingumą. Tyrimo metodika. Taikytas apklausos raštu metodas. Naudotas Europos sveikatos raštingumo (SR) klau­simynas (HLS – EU-Q – 47). Tiriamąjį kontingentą sudarė 201 ambulatorinis pacientas 18 - 88 metų am­žiaus. Duomenų analizė atlikta statistinių programų paketu „SPSS 17.0.1 for Windows“. Tyrimas atliktas laikantis etikos principų. Rezultatai. Nustatyta, kad žemiausias ambulatori­nių pacientų SR buvo sveikatos stiprinimo srityje, aukščiausias - sveikatos priežiūros srityje. Didžiausią įtaką SR visose srityse ir aktualios sveikatos informa­cijos apdorojimo etapuose turėjo pacientų amžius ir išsilavinimas. Žemiausią SR turėjo 70 m. ir vyresni pacientai su pradiniu/pagrindiniu išsilavinimu. Ligų prevencijos srityje moterų SR buvo aukštesnis nei vyrų, sveikatos priežiūros srityje - mieste gyvenančių pacientų. Informacijos gavimas, supratimas, įverti­nimas ir pritaikymas reikšmingai blogesnis buvo 70 m. ir vyresnių - reikšmingai geresnis aukštesniojo ir aukštojo išsilavinimo pacientų. Tarp vyrų ir mo­terų informacijos gavimas, įvertinimas ir pritaikymas nesiskyrė, tik informacijos supratimas moterų buvo reikšmingai geresnis nei vyrų. Išvada. Pacientų SR didžiausią įtaką turi amžius, išsilavinimas ir lytis. Siekiant pagerinti gyventojų sveikatos raštingumą, edukacinius metodus reikėtų taikyti visais gyvenimo periodais, atsižvelgiant į de­mografinius duomenis.
THE LIFESTYLE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ISSUES
Authors: Strukčinskienė Birutė , Strazdienė Neringa , Rauckienė-Michaelsson Alona , Strukčinskaitė Vaiva , Tervydytė Dileta , Griškonytė Emilija , Griškonis Sigitas
Published: January 2019

Introduction. Alcohol consumption has a negative impact on the health of children, adolescents and young people, including students. Students’ alcohol consumption studies could help prevent the use of harmful psychoactive substances.

Materials and Methods. 319 university students par­ticipated in the written survey. SPSS (version 24.0) programme has been used for statistical data analy­sis. The criterion χ2 has been applied and the data was considered to be statistically significant when p ≤ 0.05.

Results. The study involved 143 (44.8%) boys and 176 (55.2%) girls. The majority of students (90.3%) have consumed alcohol in the period of the last 12 months. Half of the respondents (47%) indicated that they consume beer several times a month. 58% of the respondents consume wine, and low-alcohol beve­rages (Cider, Mix, Fizz, alcoholic cocktails) several times a month are consumed by 42% of students. 55 % of the respondents do not consume above mentio­ned low-alcohol beverages at all. Vodka and other strong alcoholic drinks are not consumed by 54% of the respondents at all, while 43% of the respondents consume these beverages several times a month. Half of the respondents (48%) have for several times been under the influence of alcohol after having drunk large amounts of alcohol, and 33% of the respon­dents have been under the influence of alcohol more than ten times. Both girls and boys consume vodka and other strong alcoholic beverages equally often. However, girls rather than boys consume wine signi­ficantly more often.

Half of the respondents (50%) have noted that friends make major impact on the consumption of alcohol by young people, while 22% of the respondents be­lieve that it is the lack of employment and busyness. In the students’ opinion the key role in the preven­tion of smoking and alcohol drinking lies with pa­rents (37%), friends (27.9%) and the media (25.1%). 75.9% of the respondents said that they had enough knowledge about a healthy lifestyle, and 19.7% of the respondents said that they have doubts as regards their knowledge on healthy lifestyle.

Conclusions. Over the last year and during the last month alcohol has been consumed by the majority of students that participated in the survey. Both girls and boys consume alcohol equally often. The key causes of alcohol consumption by students are the influence of friends and the lack of employment and busyness. The study has revealed that most students believe that they have enough knowledge about he­althy lifestyles. However, it is recommended to pay more attention to prevention of alcohol consumption by adolescents and young people. Reducing alcohol consumption should be a priority in health policy formulation at local and national levels.
GALVOS IR KAKLO GLEIVINĖS MELANOMA: KLINIKINIS ATVEJIS IR LITERATŪROS APŽVALGA
Authors: Šiupšinskienė Nora , Junčys Vytautas , Padervinskis Evaldas , Norkienė Sigutė
Published: January 2019

Gleivinės melanoma - tai retas, labai agresyvus bei blogos prognozės navikas, dažniausiai nustatomas galvos ir kaklo srityje. Vienerių, trejų ir penkerių metų išgyvenamumas nuo 2000 m. iki 2007 m. Eu­ropoje buvo atitinkamai 63 proc., 30 proc. ir 20 proc. Prienosiniai ančiai, nosies ir burnos ertmė - sritys, kuriose dažniausiai nustatomi šio tipo navikai. Daž­niausiai klinikinė išraiška ir simptomai yra nespeci­fiški. Chirurgija yra pagrindinis gydymo metodas. Norint kontroliuoti lokalų naviko plitimą, neretai pa­sitelkiama pooperacinė spindulinė terapija. Nepaisant skirtingos biologinės struktūros, gleivinės melanoma gydoma kaip odos melanoma. Daugumoje paskelbtų naujausių mokslinių tyrimų gleivinės melanoma ser­gantys pacientai nebuvo įtraukti. Šiame straipsnyje pristatomas klinikinis retos patologijos atvejis bei literatūros apžvalga.
ADYNAMIC GRACILOPLASTY FOR FECAL INCONTINENCE IN AN ADULT AFTER ANAL ATRESIA AND FAILED CORRECTIONS IN INFANCY – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Samalavičius Narimantas Evaldas , Nutautienė Vitalija , Kibrancienė Miglė , Eismontas Vitalijus , Kuprys Giedrius , Turskis Vaidotas , Šlepavičius Algirdas
Published: January 2019

Fecal incontinence after surgeries for anal atresia is not rare. One of the possible treatment alternatives – adynamic graciloplasty. We present a case of an adult patient to whom adynamic gracyloplasty was performed for fecal incontinence after single attempt of sphincter repair in childhood. There was a symp­tomatic improvement postoperatively, as confirmed by Wexner and FISI index. Adynamic graciloplasty could be more often used as a treatment option of fecal incontinence in adult patients with history of anal atresia.
SLAUGOS PASLAUGŲ KOKYBĖS GARANTAS – PACIENTŲ SLAUGYMO STACIONARE ISTORIJA
Authors: Virketienė Diana , Vaitiekienė Jurgita
Published: January 2019

Straipsnyje aprašoma geroji patirtis pildant pacietų slaugymo stacionare istorijas Klaipėdos universiteti­nėje ligoninėje. Nagrinėjami ir lyginami su užsienio autoriais slaugymo istorijos pildymo pagrindiniai principai, kokius pokyčius ir patirtis teko išgyventi slaugos specialistams ir slaugos vadovams. Akcentuo­jama slaugytojų atsakomybė ir slaugymo istorijos vai­dmuo, siekiant teikti kokybiškas slaugos paslaugas.
ATVEJO VADYBOS TAIKYMAS KLAIPĖDOS UNIVERSITETINĖJE LIGONINĖJE KURIANT PERSONALIZUOTĄ ONKOLOGINIŲ LIGONIŲ SVEIKATOS PRIEŽIŪRĄ
Authors: Savickaitė Samanta , Česas Alvydas
Published: January 2019

Onkologinių ligų sveikatos priežiūra reikalauja indi­vidualios vadybinės prieigos dėl šios ligos sudėtin­gumo ir didelių gydymo kaštų. Siekiant efektyviai ir veiksmingai suvaldyti navikinių ligų keliamus iššū­kius, personalizuotos (į asmenį orientuotos) pagalbos taikymas šiandien laikomas palankiausiai vertinama alternatyva, aukščiausios paslaugų kokybės ir paci­entų pasitenkinimo paslaugomis garantas. Pabrėž­tina, kad personalizuota onkologinių ligonių sveikatos priežiūra, paremta holistiniu požiūriu, skatina įgyven­dinti rimtus pokyčius organizaciniu lygmeniu. Kaip pasekmė, rutininėje gydymo įstaigų veiklos prakti­koje vis dažniau pradedama taikyti atvejo vadyba.

Tyrimo tikslas: mokslinės literatūros pagrindu įver­tinti atvejo vadybos taikymo ypatumus klinikinėje praktikoje bei pristatyti Klaipėdos universitetinėje ligoninėje taikomą atvejo vadybos modelį.
El dispositivo gubernamental, su totalización moderna y el afuera de los paganos
Authors: Díaz Letelier Gonzalo
Published: January 2019

A partir de la distinción que Michel Foucault hace, en el seno de su concepto de subjetivación, entre la “sujeción” y el “arte de vivir”, enfocaremos en un primer momento la descripción genealógicoarqueológica de la deriva de las tecnologías de sujeción –producción de subjetividad– que van desde el poder pastoral de corte eclesiástico hasta el poder gubernamental de corte estatal y el poder mercantil-veridictivo de corte post-estatal. Sobre esta base consideraremos la deriva totalitaria moderna, que en Foucault tiene el carácter de una biopolítica, como convergencia y anudamiento del “doble vínculo” entre procedimientos de totalización política y técnicas de individualización moral –en este sentido haremos referencia, por una parte, a las indicaciones de Giorgio Agamben respecto de la confluencia totalitaria entre soberanía política y gubernamentalidad económica, y por otra parte, al vínculo que plantea Rodrigo Karmy entre el dispositivo gubernamental moderno y el concepto biopolítico de “civilización”. Para finalizar, intentaremos pensar, en conexión con la idea de un arte de vivir en Foucault y bajo nuestra noción propuesta de paganismo, la experiencia del “afuera” como revocación de la gloria del reino: la posibilidad de una cierta vida ateológica y anárquica que ponga en cuestión la ontoteología de la metafísica que articula el proyecto civilizatorio occidental; vida ateológica y anárquica que, como tal, reivindique la potencia de otra relación entre vida y forma, una relación que implique una circulación sin acumulación soberano-equivalencial de la vida y sus producciones –contra las formas occidentales hegemónicas de circulación con patrón de acumulación en las esferas política, económica, estética, semántica y moral.
El deterioro de la vida pública en el contexto de la globalización
Authors: Recio Sastre Alejandro
Published: January 2019

La vida pública ha sufrido importantes transformaciones en los dos ´últimos siglos. La modernidad puso en auge un individualismo que reivindicaba el espacio privado como principio desde el que se acota y vertebra el espacio público. Con la entrada del neoliberalismo y la expansión del mercado a nivel global, la res pública ha perdido parte de su densidad. Además, la exigencia de que los

Estados actúen como empresas implica que el sector público quede subsumido a los movimientos y variables del mercado global. De este modo, el Estado acaba dirigiendo las actividades del sector público mediante la lógica economicista del sector privado, persiguiendo rentabilizar sus servicios subcontratándolos a empresas privadas en nombre de una mayor eficiencia. Asimismo, los ciudadanos terminan por valorar la cobertura pública de servicios fundamentales solo en función de sus intereses privados y beneficios. Por ello, el ciudadano actual ha perdido toda referencia sobre su condición pública.
Avanzar sobre las fronteras: democracia y hospitalidad. Entrevista con Ana Paula Penchaszadeh
Authors: González Verónica
Published: January 2019

Datos de la entrevistada:

Ana Paula Penchaszadeh es Licenciada en Ciencia Política por la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Magíster en Sociología y Ciencia Política por la Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales (FLACSO), Doctora en Ciencias Sociales por la Universidad de

Buenos Aires (UBA) y Doctora en Filosofía por la Universidad París 8. Es investigadora del Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y del Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la UBA. Es profesora de grado y posgrado en la UBA, y ha dictado varios seminarios de posgrado en la Universidad Nacional de Lanús, la FLACSO y, recientemente, en la Universidad de Chile y la Universidad de Valparaíso. Ha publicado, asimismo, numerosos artículos en revistas nacionales e internacionales, capítulos de libros y libros, entre éstos últimos destacamos: Política y Hospitalidad. Disquisiciones urgentes sobre la figura del extranjero (Eudeba, 2011).
First records for fifteen species of Lepidoptera for Honduras
Authors: Van Dort John
Published: January 2019

During February 2012–February 2014, fifteen new lepidopterans new to Honduras were found on Cerro de Hula and Montaña de Izopo, near Tegucigalpa, Francisco Morazán. Eleven of these have known ranges north and south of Honduras, and thus were expected to occur. Four species are known only from countries north of Honduras; these new records imply range extensions. Many of these first country records involve species characteristic of oak woodlands, highlighting the need for research in this widespread and vulnerable habitat in Honduras.
Hospital value based purchasing scores highly associated with prior year score and organizational characteristics
Authors: Chen Alissa S. , Hussey Caroline , Revere Lee , Large John , Ukanova Maria
Published: January 2019

Objective: Medicare’s Hospital Value Based Purchasing program (HVBP) rewards hospitals which achieve a higher than mean Total Performance Score (TPS). This article investigates the relationship between hospital characteristics and prior year Total Performance Score (TPS) on current year TPS under Medicare’s Hospital Value Based Purchasing (HVBP) program.Methods: Regression analyses are used to investigate the relationship between prior year TPS and organizational characteristics on current year TPS.Results: Regression analyses show that certain geographic locations, smaller bed size, and lower disproportionate share hospital percentage (DSHPCT) lead to a significantly higher TPS in both FY 2015 and FY 2016. Teaching status is associated with higher scores in FY 2015 and lower scores in FY 2016. Furthermore, prior year TPS is a significant predictor of current year TPS.Conclusions: Results suggest HVBP performance is dependent upon organizational characteristics which may have little to do with quality or cost of care. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that prior year HVBP performance is the strongest predictor of future performance which may impede low performing hospitals from achieving success in future years, despite significant gains in improving cost and quality.
Ameliorating effects of exercise on disrupted epididymal sperm parameters in high fat diet-induced obese rats
Authors: AÇIKEL ELMAS Merve , ARBAK Serap , ERCAN Feriha
Published: January 2019

Objective: Obesity causes male infertility problems and affectsthe sperm quality. Recent studies have shown that exercise haspositive effects on male fertility. The present study aimed to showthe effects of swimming exercise on the epididymal sperm number,motility and morphology in hight fat diet (HFD)-induced obeserats.Materials and Methods: Four experimental groups (n=8 ineach group) were formed. Standard (STD) and STD+Exercise(STD+EXC) groups were fed with standard rat diet (6% of caloriesas fat); HFD and HFD+Exercise (HFD+EXC) groups were fedwith high fat diet (45% of calories as fat) for 18 weeks. The ratsin STD+EXC and HFD+EXC groups were trained by swimmingsessions (1 h per day for 5 days a week) during the last 6 weeks ofthe experiment. The left caudal epididymis was prepared to evaluatethe number, motility and morphology of the spermatozoa. The rightepididymal samples were processed for histological evaluation.Results: Normospermic parameters were seen in STD andSTD+EXC groups. Sperm number and motility decreased andspermatozoa with abnormal morphology increased significantly inHFD group when compared with STD group. A large number ofspermatozoa in the epididymal duct lumen and regular morphologyof the fibromuscular connective tissue were observed in STDand STD+EXC groups. Most of the epididymal ducts consistedof decreased amount of spermatozoal accumulation in the HFDgroup. Degenerated pseudostratified columnar epithelium withvacuole formation were additional findings in this group. On theother hand, swimming exercise had an enhancement effect onsperm parameters with prominent spermatozoal accumulation inthe ducts of epididymis in HFD induced obese rats.Conclusion: This study shows that HFD-induced obesitydecreased the number and motility of spermatozoa, increasedabnormal spermatozoa and caused disrupted epididymalmorphology. We hypothesize that exercise enhanced HFD-inducedspermatogenic and epididymal damages by the regulation of scrotalheat and possible inhibition of oxidative damage in the epididymis.
A retrospective analysis of efficacy of systemic therapy in metastatic thyroid cancer
Authors: DEMİR Atakan
Published: January 2019

Objective: Thyroid cancer is the most common type of endocrinecancer. The current approaches in the systemic therapies ofmetastatic thyroid cancers are chemotherapy that is investigated inphase II clinical trials and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, investigatedin phase III clinical trials. The aim of this study was to evaluate theefficacy of systemic therapies in metastatic thyroid cancer patients.Materials and Methods: We investigated 57 patientsretrospectively, diagnosed with thyroid cancer who were referred toMaslak Acibadem Hospital Medical Oncology Department between2008-2015 and Umraniye Training and Research Hospital between2016-2018. They had received systemic treatment due to the refractoryprofile to radioiodine therapy and metastatic thyroid cancer.Results: Medical records of 57 patients with metastatic thyroidcancer, who were referred for systemic therapy were retrospectivelyanalysed. 52% (n:30) of the cases were women and 48% (n:27)were men, and the mean age was 57.11 years. All patients wasabove the age of 18. Of the patients, 59.8% (n:35) had welldifferentiated thyroid cancer, 29.8% (n:17) had medullary thyroidcancer, 5.3% (n:3) had anaplastic thyroid cancer, 3.5% (n:2) hadpoorly differentiated thyroid cancer and 1.8% (n:1) had medullarypapillarysynchronous cancer. When first line systemic therapywas evaluated for all 57 patients, progression free survival (PFS)was found 4.25 and 6.33 months for chemotherapy and sorafenib,respectively (P:0.035). All cases were evaluated retrospectivelyfor second line systemic therapy and PFS was 4.1 and 7.77 monthsfor chemotherapy and sorafenib, respectively (P<0.001).Conclusion: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used in the treatmentof radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancers andmedullary thyroid cancers. The effect of lenvatinib, sorafenib andvandetanib on progression-free survival in thyroid cancers is foundto be superior to systemic chemotherapy. It was concluded thatsorafenib is a systemic treatment option which can be preferred interms of efficacy and toxicity profile in radioactive iodine refractorywell-differentiated thyroid cancer especially in our country.
Mathematics teachers' reasons to use (or not) intentional errors
Authors: Palkki Riikka , Hästö Peter
Published: January 2019

Mathematics teachers can make use of both spontaneously arising and intentionally planted errors. Open questions about both types of errors were answered by 23 Finnish middle-school teachers. Their reasons to use or not to use errors were analyzed qualitatively. Seven categories were found: Activation and discussion, Analyzing skills, Correcting misconceptions, Learning to live with errors, (Mis)remembering errors, (Mis)understanding error and Time. Compared to earlier results, the teachers placed substantially less emphasis on affective issues, whereas the answers yielded new distinctions in cognitive dimensions. In particular, teachers' inclination to see errors as distractions could be divided into two aspects: students misunderstanding an error in the first place or student forgetting that an error was erroneous. Furthermore, the content analysis revealed generally positive beliefs towards using errors but some reservations about using intentional errors. Teachers viewed intentional errors mainly positively as possibilities for discussion, analysis and learning to live with mistakes.
English Teachers’ Subjectivities: Contesting and Resisting Must-be Discourses
Authors: Méndez Pilar , Garzón Eliana , Noriega-Borja Rodolfo
Published: January 2019

This paper problematizes the meaning of subjectivity constructed by Colombian English Teachers in response to a National Bilingual Program and its system of reason to produce English teachers’ identity and promote bilingual education. The double-side character of subjection/subjectification (Foucault, 1982) is used to analyze English teachers’ work of the self and contestarian/resistance practices to affirm themselves as researchers and critical thinkers but also to claim recognition as educators who produce relevant and situated knowledge. Historical Discourse Analysis, through archeological procedures (Foucault, 1972) to trace back English teachers’ discursive and non-discursive practices, were key to unveiling how teachers think of themselves as English teachers, oppose policies and respond to dominant discourses in relation to English teaching. More than 100 English teachers’ academic publications were revised and confronted with normalized discourses circulating in political programs, print media and experts’ documents. Findings contribute to EFL teachers’ understanding of their own struggles and the role of their resistance practices to affirm their subjectivities.
The Increase of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) Through Islamic Work Ethics, Affective Commitment, and Organizational Identity
Authors: Kuncoro Wuryanti , Wibowo Gunadi
Published: January 2019

An employee who is willing to voluntarily help fellow co-workers to do work outside the assigned job description and the assistance provided is not included in the performance assessment, can be defined as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Podsakoff et.al (2000) states that OCB can influence organizational effectiveness because it can help improve co-workers productivity, increase managerial productivity and streamline the use of organizational resources for productive purposes. This research was conducted to identify the effect of Islamic work ethics, affective commitment and organizational identity on OCB. The data were collected from 110 employees at the Muhammadiyah Islamic Hospital of Kendal and the Muhammadiyah Darul Istiqomah Hospital of Kendal. The data were later analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS 24) software. The result indicates that affective commitment and organizational identity have a significant effect on OCB while Islamic work ethics have no significant effect on OCB. The researcher hopes that this research can be developed in future research by adding other variables related to OCB that may have a greater influence on OCB.
A Review of the Methodologies Used in the Derivation of Formulas for Parametric Survival Functions with Illustrative Numerical Examples
Authors: Mode Charles J. , Sleeman Candace K.
Published: January 2019

In this review paper formulas for survival functions are derived that take into account risks of deaths in early life including infancy, mid life, a random component of deaths due to accidents and deaths in older ages. The basic ideas used in the derivation of survival function for each of the components just mentioned are risk functions. Given a formula for a risk function, it is possible to derive a formula for the corresponding survival function. By using the theory of competing risks, a formula for survival function that takes into account the risks of deaths in various stages of life expressed as a product of survival functions for the risks of deaths under consideration. For many applications information on the numerical values of parameters in survival functions is not available. Consequently, rationales are developed for assigning plausible values to parameters that take into account personal ideas of an investigator may have for each stage of life. For every assignment of parameter values in the paper, a numerical version of survival functions are plotted in graphs so that an assessment of the plausibility of the chosen parameter values may be made. Also included in the paper is an application of survival functions in an experiment to make an assessment as to whether a small population of chimpanzees, or some other endangered species of animals, will have descendants that make up a surviving population 200 years into the future.
Multinuclear Magnetic Resonance Study on Aluminium Sec-butoxide Chelated with Ethyl Acetoacetate in Various Amounts
Authors: Kurajica Stanislav , Mali Gregor , Mandić Vilko , Minga Iva
Published: January 2019

Reactive aluminum alkoxide (ASB, aluminium sec-butoxide) was chelated using β-diketone (EAA, ethyl acetoacetate) in order to gain control over rapid hydrolysis in the course of the sol-gel process. Derived chelates were analysed using several NMR spectroscopic techniques: one-dimensional 1H, 13C, 27Al NMR and two-dimensional COSY, HSQC and DOSY. The NMR analysis enabled identification of the formed chelate species, as well as determination of their quantitative relationships. Several complexation products were observed: tris-chelated monomer, Al(EAA)3, bis-chelated dimmer, Al2(OnBu)4(EAA) 2, tris-chelated dimmer, Al2(OnBu)3(EAA)3, tetra-chelated dimmer, Al2(OnBu)2(EAA)4, and monochelated trimer, Al3(OnBu)8(EAA). Of the formed oligomer compounds, this is the first evidence of Al2(OR)3L3 in any alkoxide and β-ketoester or β-diketone combination. Aluminium sec-butoxide and ethyl acetoacetate complexes Al2(OnBu)4(EAA) 2 and Al2(OnBu)2(EAA)4 were also observed for the first time. With the increase of the EAA/ASB ratio the coordination of aluminium shifts towards six, whereas above the EAA/ASB ratio of 2.5 solely six-coordinated aluminium exists.
Safety evaluation of percutaneous ultrasound-guided thrombin injection into pseudoaneurysms
Authors: Pająk Marta , Hasiura Robert , Stępień Tomasz
Published: January 2019

Summary
Introduction: common application of endovascular procedures is frequently connected with increasing risk of pseudoaneurysm at the site of the artery puncture. The most frequent method of treatment of aneurysms is percutaneus ultrasound-guided thrombin injection.
The aim of this research was safety evaluation of treatment of pseudoaneurysm by thrombin injection based on own experience .
Methods and materials: 70 people (53% women, 43% men, average age 67.9 ±10.5) with pseudoaneurysm and under ultrasound-guided thrombin injection treatment carried out between 2007 and 2018 in the Department of General and Vascular Surgery of Pirogow Hospital in Lodz were analysed. Patients were qualified to treatment based on aneurysm and channel morphology in ultrasound examination. Before application of medicine blood supply to the limb was clinically assessed and examined using sonography. The tip of the needle was imaged into the lumen of the aneurysm.
Results: in the research group, average aneurysm diameter was 29.9mm (± 17.2) within a range from 10mm to 96mm. Multi-chamber aneurysm was detected in 21% of patients. Mean channel length was 12mm (±7.7), mean width 3.5mm (±1.4), mean thrombin injected 1.7ml (±0.7) within range from 0.5 to 4ml. The treatment was successful in 94% of cases. Complications after thrombin injection occurred in 7% of cases (1 patient suffered from shock, 1 from thrombus in the saphenous vein, 3 from thrombus moving from aneurysm neck to femoral artery). No deterioration of blood supply in a limb was detected after obliteration of aneurysm. No relevant differences in aneurysm and channel dimensions were detected between groups with and without complications (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: obliteration of the pseudoaneurysm by percutaneous ultrasound-guided thrombin injection is a highly effective method. This method is considered as safe, however, it requires experience. Its application may cause complications of which some are clinically significant and may lead to health and life threatening situations. In some specific cases surgical treatment of choice should be considered.
Influence of process atmosphere circulation on the distribution of nitriding conditions in unconventional active screen plasma nitriding (ASPN) systems
Authors: Grzesiak Grzegorz , Walkowicz Jan , Szafirowicz Karol , Jakrzewski Dawid
Published: January 2019

The aim of this work is to verify the possibility of designing an active screen plasma nitriding (ASPN) process with a controlled gas flow direction in order to implement multifunctional hybrid devices. The specimens have been subjected to nitriding processes under the established process conditions in which two different gas flow directions have been used. In the first configuration, the gas has been supplied at the top part of the chamber and pumped out from the bottom part of the chamber. In the second configuration, the gas has been supplied at the bottom part of the chamber and evacuated from its top part. The distribution of hardness and thick-ness of the nitrided layers has been evaluated on the prepared metallographic cross-sections. The results of material tests have been compared with the results of simulation tests showing the circulation of the atmosphere inside the process chamber. The presented research results show that using both gas flow directions and the unconventional shape of the process chamber it is possible to carry out efficient nitriding processes. However, further research is necessary to obtain a homogenous layer in the entire chamber space.
Analiza spektralna plazmy w procesach azotowania jarzeniowego tytanu technologią aktywnego ekranu
Authors: Betiuk Marek , Maźniak Krystian , Frączek Tadeusz , Pawelec Ewa
Published: January 2019

Azotowanie jarzeniowe tytanu i jego stopów jest jedną z obróbek powierzchniowych umożliwiających wytworzenie warstw o wysokich twardościach. Celem pracy było dokonanie analizy porównawczej składu jakościowego widma procesowego uzyskanego na tytanowym ekranie aktywnym, z widmem wzorcowym w rurkach spektralnych. Plazmę procesową tworzyły gazy Ar, N2, H2 wprowadzane w przestrzeń wyładowania jarzeniowego. Analizowano widmo spektralne w trzech etapach technologii azotowania jarzeniowego tytanu którymi były: przygotowanie komory próżniowej i oprzyrządowania do procesu, aktywacja powierzchni tytanu w wyładowaniu jarzeniowym, azotowanie jarzeniowe tytanu. Przedstawiono badania oceny wpływu temperatury azotowania jarzeniowego na zmianę sygnału spektralnego plazmy H2, N2, Ar oraz analizowano oddziaływanie zmiany proporcji reaktywnych gazów H2, N2 na sygnał spektralny plazmy. Badania te doprowadziły do próby zdefiniowania nowego parametru sterującego składem mieszanki gazowej wprowadzanej w obszar wyładowania jarzeniowego. Do realizacji celów pracy wykorzystano analizator spektralny plazmy oraz stanowisko badawcze – komorę próżniową pozwalającą na prowadzenie procesu azotowania jarzeniowego na potencjale katody, plazmy oraz potencjale uzupełniającym.
Możliwości zastosowania mas replikacyjnych w pomiarze zużycia powierzchni roboczych matryc kuźniczych z głębokimi wykrojami z wykorzystaniem skanowania laserowego 3D
Authors: Hawryluk Marek , Kuran Marek , Ziemba Jacek , Janik Marta
Published: January 2019

W artykule zaprezentowano możliwości zastosowania metody replikowania geometrii narzędzia kształtującego wyrób w procesie kucia dokładanego na gorąco do kontroli cech geometrycznych z wykorzystaniem techniki skanowania laserowego 3D. Spośród kilkunastu mas o rożnych właściwościach i przeznaczeniu, badaniom poddano dwie masy do replikowania o zbliżonych parametrach, którymi wypełniono matrycę kuźniczą o głębokim wykroju roboczym stosowaną w procesu wyciskania współbieżnego. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że w oparciu o wybrane parametry charakteryzujące masy replikacyjne oraz własne badania możliwy jest dobór optymalnej masy dla pomiarów wykonywanych metodą skanowania 3D ze względu na najlepsze odwzorowanie warstwy wierzchniej i zminimalizowanie deformacji pojawiającej się podczas usuwania replik z mierzonych wykrojów roboczych matryc. Zaproponowane podejście wykorzystujące pomiar w technice skanowania 3D mas replikacyjnych powierzchni narzędzi umożliwia przeprowadzanie badań nieniszczących dla pełnych roboczych powierzchni matryc kuźniczych o głębokich wykrojach i wspomaganie procesu podejmowania decyzji o ich dalszej eksploatacji poprzez miarodajne określenie ich zużycia.
Azotowanie i węgloazotowanie narzędziowej stali X37CrMoV5-1 w złożu fluidalnym
Authors: Żółciak Tadeusz , Jastrzębski Jerzy , Obuchowicz Zdzisław
Published: January 2019

W niniejszej pracy badano wpływ aktywacji powierzchni i rodzaju gazowego nośnika węgla tj.C3H8 lub CO na twardość, budowę, skład i odporność na korozję wżerową warstw stali X37CrMoV5-1 po azotowaniu/węgloazotowaniu w 570oC w złożu fluidalnym z tlenku aluminium. Po azotowaniu/węgloazotowaniu stali X37CrMoV5-1 w 570oC/4 h twardości powierzchniowe wynosiły 1000–1100 HV1, grubości warstw ok.150 μm, a grubości stref związków 10–14 μm. Warstwy azotowane w 570oC miały nieco grubsze strefy związków, ale niższą twardość na powierzchni, niż warstwy węgloazotowane. Zastosowanie endogazu do węgloazotowania wymagało zmniejszenia jego udziału do 10%. Optymalnym z punktu widzenia odporności na korozję wżerową było azotowanie w amoniaku w 570oC/2 h poprzedzone azotoutlenianiem w 490oC/1 h w mieszaninie N2 /NH3/H2O i polerowaniem. Badania fazowe próbek do badań korozyjnych po azotowaniu 570oC/2 h i końcowym azotoutlenianiu antykorozyjnym w 540oC, wykazały złożony skład fazowy na powierzchni warstwy w postaci Fe3N, Fe4N, M7C3, CrN, Fe3O4 i Fe2O3.
Die Schule Konons: Karrieren athenischer Feldherren am Beginn des 4. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Schachner Alexander
Published: January 2019

This paper explores the early careers of both Chabrias and Iphicrates in an attempt to demonstrate some striking similarities in their conduct during the Corinthian War. Taking into account their role in military operations as well as their relationship to Conon and their social origins, it will become apparent that they did not hold any Athenian office over the course of this conflict. Both were mercenary leaders whose military successes subsequently allowed them to advance to the highest echelons of Athenian society.
Discourse and Silence in Martianus Capella’s De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii
Authors: Cardigni Julieta
Published: January 2019

The present paper analyzes Martianus Capella’s De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii from a generic point of view, departing from Systemic Functional Linguistics, in order to establish parody as its main feature, in consistence with its generic adscription to Menippean Satire. As a result, we expect to prove that Martianus is attacking discourse and discursive knowledge, and proposing silence as an alternative category for the characterization of transcendence and truth. This perspective intends to show De nuptiis as a Menippean Satire which subverts all values exposed along the work, turn ing thus into an anti-didactic text.
Spike-timing-dependent ensemble encoding by non-classically responsive cortical neurons
Authors: Insanally Michele N , Carcea Ioana , Field Rachel E , Rodgers Chris C , DePasquale Brian , Rajan Kanaka , DeWeese Michael R , Albanna Badr F , Froemke Robert C
Published: January 2019

Neurons recorded in behaving animals often do not discernibly respond to sensory input and are not overtly task-modulated. These non-classically responsive neurons are difficult to interpret and are typically neglected from analysis, confounding attempts to connect neural activity to perception and behavior. Here, we describe a trial-by-trial, spike-timing-based algorithm to reveal the coding capacities of these neurons in auditory and frontal cortex of behaving rats. Classically responsive and non-classically responsive cells contained significant information about sensory stimuli and behavioral decisions. Stimulus category was more accurately represented in frontal cortex than auditory cortex, via ensembles of non-classically responsive cells coordinating the behavioral meaning of spike timings on correct but not error trials. This unbiased approach allows the contribution of all recorded neurons – particularly those without obvious task-related, trial-averaged firing rate modulation – to be assessed for behavioral relevance on single trials.
Incorporating a Standardized Online Professionalism Curriculum in Osteopathic Medical School
Authors: Riley Bernadette
Published: January 2019

Online social media platforms increase patients’ access to physicians, thus potentially blurring the boundaries between physicians’ professional and private lives. Although many medical organizations have established guidelines on how physicians should proceed on social media and social networking sites (SNSs), there has not been a mandated standardized curriculum on the use of social media, SNSs, and online professionalism for physicians or medical students. With the increase in physician involvement on social media and SNSs, professionalism issues can emerge. Online professionalism complaints have been increasing. Therefore, osteopathic medical students need to be taught the dangers and benefits of engaging with online media. This article seeks to address the need for mandating a standardized online professionalism curriculum for osteopathic medical students and show how a simulation-based medical education curriculum can help accomplish this goal.
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment for Pertussis in the 19th and 20th Centuries: A Structured Historical Literature Review
Authors: Liem Torsten
Published: January 2019

Background

Cases of pertussis, or whooping cough, have increased in recent years despite widespread vaccination and adequate antibiotic treatments. Osteopathic physicians may want to consider using osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) as an adjunctive treatment modality for pertussis; however, suitable OMT techniques are not specified in the research literature.

Objective

To search the historical osteopathic literature to identify OMT techniques that were used in the management of pertussis in the pre-antibiotic era.

Methods

A structured literature review of electronic databases and historical osteopathic journals and books was conducted. Included were information on OMT techniques used for patients with pertussis.

Results

The 24 identified sources included 8 articles and 16 book contributions from the years 1886 to 1958. Most sources were published within the first quarter of the 20th century. Commonly identified OMT techniques included mobilization techniques, lymphatic pump techniques, and other manipulative techniques predominantly in the cervical and thoracic regions.

Conclusion

The wealth of OMT techniques for patients with pertussis that were identified suggests that pertussis was commonly treated by early osteopaths. Further research is necessary to identify or establish the evidence base for these techniques so that in case of favorable outcomes, their use by osteopathic physicians is justified as adjunctive modalities when encountering a patient with pertussis.
Strain‐Induced Dissolution and Precipitation of Secondary Phases and Synergetic Stengthening Mechanisms of Al–Zn–Mg–Cu Alloy during ECAP
Authors: Xue Ke‐Min , Wang Bo‐Xiao‐Tian , Yan Si‐Liang , Bo Dong‐Qing , Li Ping
Published: January 2019

The evolution of secondary phase of 7A60 aluminum alloy before and after equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) deformation and the resultant variation of mechanical properties are studied by means of X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), optical microscope (OM), and Instron testing machine. The results show that grains are refined to submicron level after ECAP (from 9.86 µm to about 1 µm). As the strain increases, the main secondary phase (MgZn2) dissolves into the aluminum matrix to form a supersaturated solid solution. Part of the solute atoms diffuses along the vacancies and dislocations under the combined effect of interface energy, strain energy, and grain boundary energy. In addition, grain boundary segregation occurs and further leads to relatively coarse secondary phase. With the increase of temperature, discontinuous precipitation (DP), which occurs from the grain boundary to the grain internal, dominates the formation process of secondary phases. The phase transformation brings about significant precipitation strengthening, resultantly, enhances strength, and ductility are achieved for 7A60 aluminum alloy via ECAP. Moreover, the precipitation strengthening effect, which is closely related with the dissolution and DP, first enhances and then attenuates with the increase of ECAP passes. Dislocation strengthening and Hall‐Petch strengthening aggravate monotonically with the ECAP passes but play less important roles in the overall stress responses.