bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo acústico de cinco qualidades de voz com uma nota sustentada (Acoustic study of five voice qualities with a sustained note)
Authors: Meireles Alexsandro Rodriguess
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho analisa cinco diferentes qualidades de voz com C4 sustentado (262 Hz), a saber: a) voz soprosa (Br); b) voz fraca (W); c) voz modal (M); d) voz estridente (Cr); e e) voz tensa (T). Foram analisados 13 parâmetros: H1, H1H2, H1A3, CPP, Energia, Razão harmônico-ruído (0-500, 0-1500, 0-2500, 0-3500, F1, F2, B1, B2. Os resultados estatísticos mostraram que os parâmetros diminuem da seguinte maneira: 1) H1: M > Br > T > Cr > W; 2) H1H2: W > Br > (M = Cr) > T; 3) H1A3: (W=Br) > M > Cr > T; 4) B1: T > W > Br > M > W; 5) B2: M > T > Cr > Br > W; 6) CPP: T > M > Br > Cr > W; 7) Energia: T > M > Cr > Br > W. Além disso, HNR apresentou o mesmo padrão decrescente para as quatro condições (W > M > T > Br > Cr), e os formantes F1 e F2 também apresentaram um padrão decrescente semelhante ( T > M > Br > Cr > W).
Uma análise dos projetos de pesquisa premiados na FECIBA utilizando os aspectos consensuais da natureza da Ciência
Authors: Souza Flávio dos Santos , Boss Sergio Luiz Bragatto
Published: August 2023

O objetivo do estudo é analisar os projetos de pesquisa premiados na Feira de Ciências, Empreendedorismo e Inovação da Bahia (FECIBA) utilizando os aspectos consensuais sobre a natureza do conhecimento científico. A pesquisa realizada foi qualitativa e documental. Os dados foram retirados das duas edições da FECIBA em Revista e do livro Práticas Para Compartilhar (Volume II). A pesquisa documental foi analisada por meio da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin.  O resultado da pesquisa evidencia que a maioria dos projetos elaborados pelos estudantes, para as feiras de ciências nas escolas, não apresenta o problema como propulsor da atividade investigativa.
A emergência e a padronização das metodologias de alfabetização no Brasil
Authors: Manfroi Iloni Frey , Gräff Patrícia
Published: August 2023

O artigo tem o objetivo de analisar as ênfases discursivas materializadas nos programas de formação continuada de professores alfabetizadores, ao longo das duas últimas décadas. A pesquisa está ancorada em uma perspectiva teórica Foucaultiana, usando o discurso como ferramenta metodológica para análise dos materiais. A análise permitiu perceber que as políticas de formação continuada de professores, no Brasil, têm um foco predominante sobre os processos de alfabetização, pois o analfabetismo é considerado como um importante gargalo na educação de nosso país – o que indica que as políticas emergem, principalmente, da necessidade de melhorar os índices de desempenho na alfabetização. Por conta desta demanda, em duas décadas emergiram quatro programas de formação continuada de professores alfabetizadores que propagaram o enunciado da melhoria dos índices de desempenho na aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita e apontaram para a padronização das metodologias de alfabetização. As discussões desse estudo apontam para a necessidade de ações que abrangem os múltiplos aspectos envolvidos na construção de uma educação de qualidade, que não estejam restritas somente às políticas de formação continuada de alfabetizadores, com o viés da culpabilização dos professores pelos baixos índices de alfabetização.
ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH KACANG SEMBUNYI PADA INDUSTRI RUMAHTANGGA ALA MOM RAJA DI KABUPATEN PASANGKAYU
Authors: Ruslan Alyuni , Effendy Effendy , Chansa Arfah Siti Yuliaty
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya nilai tambah yang diperoleh Industri daripengolahan kacang tanah menjadi kacang sembunyi di Industri 1 Ala Mom Raja. Penelitian inidilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Maret 2022 yang berlokasi di Jalan Andi Depu Kabupaten Pasangkayu. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah pemilik Industri 1Ala Mom Raja dan4 karyawan. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Value Added Analisis menurut Metode Hayami. Hasil penelitian

menunjukkan bahwa nilai tambah yang dihasilkan dari kacang sembunyi Industri 1 Ala Mom Raja adalah sebesar Rp. 191.800/kg. Nilai output yang dihasilkan adalah Rp 225.000/kg. Nilai kontribusi input lainnya adalah Rp 3.200/kg. Rasio nilai tambah adalah persentase antara nilai tambah dan nilai keluaran.Rasio nilai tambah di Industri 1 Ala Mom Raja adalah 85,24%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa denganmenggunakan bahan baku kacang tanah sebanyak 8 kg dapat menghasilkan kacang tanah sebanyak 15 kg. Besarnya pendapatan kacang sembunyi adalah Rp. 8.415,898.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PETERNAKAN AYAM RAS PEDAGING (STUDI KASUS PADA USAHA INTAN BROILER) DI DESA SIDERA KECAMATAN SIGI BIROMARU KABUPATEN SIGI
Authors: Sumarni Sumarni , Howara Dafina , Nurdin Muh Fahruddin
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alternatif strategi yang dapat digunakan dalam peternakan ayam ras pedaging Intan Broiler. Responden diambil secara sengaja (Purposive). Responden yang diambil dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 6 orang yang dipilih dari pihak-pihak internal dan eksternal. Responden pihak internal terdiri dari 1 orang pimpinan dan 2 orang karyawan, sedangkan untuk responden pihak eksternal terdiri dari 1 orang dari dinas peternakan Kabupaten Sigi dan 2 orang konsumen. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis SWOT dimana tahapan analisis SWOT ini terbagi menjadi 2 yaitu tahapan pengumpulan data dan tahapan analisis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dari matriks SWOT IFAS dan EFAS adalah beberapa strategi pengembangan yang dapat diterapkan pada usaha Peternakan Intan Broiler yaitu a) Dengan perawatan ayam secara maksimal dan sarana produksi yang memadai dapat menyediakan jumlah permintaan ayam pedaging sesuai dengan jumlah permintaan pasar serta mempertahankan hubungan baik dengan mitra/konsumen, sehingga dapat memperluas jaringan pasar, b) Memanfaatkan limbah feses yang telah diolah menjadi pupuk yang kemudian akan dibeli oleh petani sebagai pupuk organik tanaman, c) Memilih bibit DOC dengan kualitas baik sehingga dalam perawatan bibit DOC angka kematian ternak yang tinggi dapat ditekan sehingga dapat memenuhi permintaan pasar, d) Lebih dapat mengatur informasi laporan keuangan pada Peternakan Intan agar pemasukan dan pengeluaran lebih detail dan jelas.
Contributors to audit committee effectiveness: An experimental study of external auditors’ perception
Authors: Shbeilat Mohammad K.
Published: August 2023

Effective audit committees are the best guarantee of sound corporate governance (Levitt, 1999). Thus, the investigation of factors affecting audit committee effectiveness (ACE) is the main objective of this study. Specifically, it evaluates the impact of audit committee independence, financial literacy, authority, and diligence on ACE. A mixed method approach is adopted consisting of a fully crossed, within-subjects design to test the main and interactive weights of the four variables and eight in-depth interviews. The analysis of 55 survey‐based factorial experiments reveals that financial literacy has the greatest effect on the external auditor’s decision to assess the effectiveness of audit committees followed by diligence, independence, and authority. Additionally, three significant interactions were found indicating that external auditors process decision-making information configurally, which means that external auditors consider the combined effects of the posited factors. The interviews provide constructive explanations of the effects of the four factors along with their interactive effects. The insights gained from this study are useful to the board of directors, professional bodies, and regulators charged with developing corporate governance seeking the optimal composition of audit committees. These results are vital because they reflect the viewpoint of the external auditors, who are the most communicative and interactive with the audit committees
Durable and Dramatic Response to Checkpoint Inhibition Combined with COX-2 Inhibitor Celecoxib in a Patient with p16+ Metastatic Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma: A Case Study
Authors: Trinh Jonathan , Acosta Cassaundra , Easwar Arti , Galamaga Robert , Tan Alan
Published: August 2023

Background: Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is an
exceedingly rare head and neck malignancy. No consensus exists on
treatment for metastatic disease.

Case: A 56-year-old female was diagnosed with SNUC after endorsing sinus
congestion, diplopia, and right orbital pain. Initially treated with
surgery and radiation, she later developed significant metastatic
disease. She demonstrated progression of her hepatic metastases under
pembrolizumab therapy. However, the addition of ipilimumab and a COX-2
inhibitor resulted in significant improvement in her lesions as well as
an ongoing durable response. Her regimen was complicated by
immune-related adverse events successfully treated with steroids.

Conclusion: Dual checkpoint inhibition deserves consideration when
treating metastatic SNUC, especially after single agent therapy has
failed. The positive effect of this treatment may be augmented by IDO1
inhibition.
Photochemical Optimization of Fluorescent Dye-Doped PDMS for Enhanced Luminescent Solar Concentrator Performance
Authors: Lee Woo‑Young , Lee Seongyu , Joo Beom Soo , Kang JoonHyun , Jang Ho Seong , Ko Hyungduk , Kang Gumin
Published: August 2023

Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) that incorporate organic dyes
face challenges such as self-absorption loss and aggregation-caused
quenching (ACQ) as doping concentration increases, limiting the dye
loading capacity. Particularly for dyes with a small Stokes shift,
losses due to self-absorption or quenching are prominent even at low
concentrations, hindering the attainment of high power conversion
efficiency (PCE) in LSCs. Additionally, exposure of the dye-impregnated
polymer matrix to oxygen, moisture, UV light, and other factors leads to
a decrease in luminescence efficiency and stability due to the
photooxidation reaction of the phosphor. This study presents a facile
approach for enhancement of the efficiency and environmental stability
of coumarin 6 (C6) dye-doped polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) LSC through
ultraviolet ozone (UVO) treatment. Photocleavage of the C6 dimer into a
C6 monomer through UVO treatment leads to a significant enhancement in
luminescence. Additionally, thin SiOx layers formed on both sides of the
LSC not only assist in capturing luminescent light more efficiently but
also block the penetration of oxygen and moisture into the LSC,
resulting improved device stability. UVO-treated LSC shows approximately
32% improvement in PCE compared to bare LSCs and exhibits significantly
better stability during the 30-day long-term performance test.
From Individualism to Collectivity: Wash Riding Interactions in Canoeing.
Authors: Delgado Diego , Prieto-Castrillo Francisco
Published: August 2023

In both cases endurance sports and long distance animal displacement
large groups are commonly observed. In these collective phenomena the
efficiency is key and is achieved through pairwise interactions. As a
result some individuals take advantage of part of the energy dissipated
by others, a efficiency oriented self-organization dynamic is created
and groups appear. In endurance canoeing the interaction is called
wash-riding and it is characterized by a well-defined geometry. By
simplifying the interaction and defining both a efficiency and
connectivity metrics we introduce a parametric model for this sport. Our
results reproduces the structure and groups observed in competitions.
The most efficient the groups will be the fastest and most numerous they
are, also the most connected. More connected groups imply shorter
lateral distances, at intermediate distances a topological transition is
observed and finally there is a critical distance, in terms of the
displacement velocity, beyond which no groups are formed. The parametric
model here presented not only reproduces the particular case of canoeing
but also delimits the driving mechanisms of these kind of interactions.
Immune receptors involved in non-polio enterovirus
Authors: Tan Selene Si Ern , Balasubramaniam Vinod
Published: August 2023

Non-polio enterovirus such as EV-D68 and EV-A71 has been reported to
cause a polio-like neurological disease known as acute flaccid myelitis.
One of the diagnostics of acute flaccid myelitis is robust inflammation
in cerebrospinal fluid. This may be due to the immune response triggered
by EV-D68 and EV-A71 causing an influx of pro-inflammatory mediators to
the infection site resulting in neurological disease. In order to reduce
or prevent inflammation in the infection site, the mechanism and
pathways of the immune response against EV-D68 and EV-A71 are important.
Immune receptors are the sensor and the most important step to initiate
the immune response. Pattern recognition receptors and inflammasome
receptors are the main receptors to detect viruses including
enterovirus. It is important to understand the mechanism and pathways
receptors are involved.
Detecting the degraded Cultivated land of Yellow River Delta during the last two decades based on time series of MODIS- derived NDVI by coupling DTW and BFAST method
Authors: Wang LinLin , Xiaomei Fan , TongMin * , XiaoJieDai * , QingYang * , Ying Tang
Published: August 2023

The Yellow River Delta (YRD) is the most important reserved cultivated
land resource in China, for it has the highest rate of natural land
growth in the world. However, under the influence of soil salinization
and human activities, cultivated land is prone to degradation. In this
study, based on the MODIS NDVI time series dataset from 2001 to 2021, we
used Breaks For Additive Seasonal and Trend (BFAST) coupled with Dynamic
Time Warping (DTW) method to extract the information of degraded
cultivated land in the YRD. The results show that the user accuracy,
producer accuracy and overall accuracy of the extracted degraded
cultivated land information by the method were 88.68%, 90.38% and
83.33%, respectively, and the accuracy of cultivated land degradation
time extraction was 75.76%. From 2001 to 2021, a total of 212.25 km
of cultivated land in the YRD has degraded into salt
pans, grasslands, artificial surfaces, and water. The area of degraded
cultivated land showed an increasing trend before 2014, but the growth
trend slowed down after a brief improvement in 2015. The spatial
distribution of degraded cultivated land in the YRD shows a pattern of
more degradation in the northern areas and less in the southern areas,
and more in the eastern areas and less in the western areas, gradually
decreasing from the coastal areas to the inland, and the degree of
cultivated land degradation exhibits a pattern of gradually decreasing
degradation from the coastal areas to the inland. The overall extraction
effect is good, which can provide reference for regional degraded
cultivated land monitoring.
The spotted parrotfish genome provides evolutionary insight into the ecological adaptation of a keystone dietary specialist
Authors: Tea Yi-Kai , Zhou Yulu , Ewart Kyle , Cheng Guo , Kawasaki Kazuhiko , DiBattista Joseph , Ho Simon , Lo Nathan , Fan Shaohua
Published: August 2023

Adaptive radiation as a result of ecological opportunity can have
profound effects on the evolutionary outcome of species. On coral reefs,
parrotfishes have been considered as one of the most dramatic examples
of adaptive radiation unique in their extreme dietary specialisation.
Using abrasion-resistant biomineralized teeth, parrotfishes are able to
mechanically extract protein-rich micro-photoautotrophs growing in and
amongst reef carbonate material. This unique ability to exploit a
previously untapped trophic resource is thought to have led to the early
diversification of the parrotfishes. In order to better understand the
key evolutionary innovations leading to the success of these dietary
specialists, we sequenced and analysed the genome of the spotted
parrotfish (Cetoscarus ocellatus). Our findings reveal significant
expansion, selection, and duplication within several gene families
responsible for detoxification, including the cytochrome p450 gene
family and non-cyp450 carboxylesterases. We find preliminary evidence
that the structural mechanism responsible for the extreme hardness and
biomineralization of parrotfish teeth may be a result of poly-glutamine
expansion in the enamel protein ameloblastin. We also detect expansion
and selection for several genes related to pigmentation and sequential
hermaphroditism. Together, these results highlight a potentially complex
interplay of adaptive radiation and sexual selection operating on coral
reef ecosystems.
Management of gastrointestinal and nutritional problems in children on home invasive mechanical ventilation
Authors: Kırsaçlıoğlu Ceyda Tuna
Published: August 2023

In recent decades, the patient survival is increased due to the advances
in intensive care units and development of modern mechanic ventilators.
Unfortunately, it is not always possible to wean these children from
mechanical ventilation. Recently, after placement a tracheostomy tube,
they can support at home with non-invasive or invasive mechanical
ventilation. Most of the children who need ventilation support at home
have neurological impairment. The nutritional issues and
gastrointestinal complications are well defined in critically ill
patients, but there are very limited studies on the children with
tracheostomy. Considering that majority of the patients has
neuromuscular disorders, the nutritional and gastrointestinal problems
of the children with tracheostomy are discussed, in the light of the
knowledge on critically ill patients.
The importance of species-specific and temperature-sensitive parameterisation of A / C i models: a case study using cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) and the automated ‘OptiFitACi’ R-package.
Authors: Sargent Demi , Amthor Jeffrey , Stinziano Joseph R. , Evans John , Whitney Spencer , Bange Michael P. , Tissue David , Conaty Warren C. , Sharwood Robert
Published: August 2023

Leaf gas exchange measurements provide an important tool for inferring a
plant’s photosynthetic biochemistry. In most cases, the responses of
photosynthetic CO assimilation to variable
intercellular CO concentrations ( A/
C response curves) are used to model the maximum
rate of carboxylation by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
(Rubisco, V) and the rate of electron
transport at a given photosynthetically active radiation (PAR; J). The standard Farquhar-Von Caemmerer-Berry model is
typically used with default parameters of Rubisco kinetic values and
mesophyll conductance to CO ( g) derived from tobacco that impairs analytical
reliability across species. To study this, here we measured the
temperature responses of key in vitro Rubisco catalytic
properties and g in cotton ( Gossypium
hirsutum cv. Sicot 71) and derived V and
J ( J at 2000 µmol m
s PAR) from cotton A/
C curves incrementally measured at 15°C to 40°C
using cotton and tobacco parameters with our new automated fitting R
package ‘OptiFitACi’. When applied to cotton, the tobacco parameters
produced unrealistic J: V ratio of <1 at 25°C, two- to three-fold
higher estimates of V, approximately 50%
higher estimates of J and more variable
estimates of V and J, compared to model parameterisation with
cotton-derived values. We determined that errors arise when using a
g of 0.23 mol m s
bar or below and Rubisco CO
-affinities under ambient O (
K) outside 461 µbar to
627 µbar to model A/ C responses in
cotton. We show how the multi- A/ C
modelling capabilities of ‘OptiFitACi’ serves as a robust, user-friendly
extension of ‘plantecophys’ by providing simplified
temperature-sensitivity and species-specificity parameterisation
capabilities to enable higher accuracy estimates of V and J.
Power Cable Monitoring Method Based on UHF-RFID and Deep Learning in Edge Computing Environment
Authors: gu xiongfei , Shang Jian , shen changlu
Published: August 2023

In order to solve the problems of the current wireless cable monitoring
effect is not ideal and the prediction method is difficult to deal with
the nonlinear data of cables, a power cable monitoring method based on
UHF-RFID and deep learning in the edge computing environment is
proposed. First, based on edge computing, a power cable monitoring
system is designed to migrate the analysis of massive data to the edge
of the network to improve the monitoring efficiency. Then, the
temperature sensing chip and RFID chip were integrated to design a
UHF-RFID temperature tag, which was fixed at the cable temperature
measurement point to achieve passive wireless monitoring of the cable.
Finally, the parameters of the GRNN model are optimized using the beetle
antennae search algorithm, and the EEMD decomposed data is input into
the BAS-GRNN model for learning to output temperature prediction results
and determine whether it is over temperature. The proposed method was
demonstrated, and results showed that the maximum error between UHF-RFID
temperature tag temperature measurement results and the thermocouple was
within 0.3℃. The average relative error of the proposed method was only
0.01, and the time was 3.59s, which can meet the actual usage
requirements.
Validating the ratio of insulin like growth factor binding protein 4 to sex hormone binding globulin as a prognostic predictor of preterm birth in Viet Nam: a case-cohort study
Authors: Hirst Jane , Boniface J , Dung Le Phuong , Polpitiya Ashoka D. , Fox Angela , Thai Vu Kim Thi , Dang Trong Thuan , Fleischer Tracey , Nhu Bui Thi Hong , Hickok Durlin E. , Kearney Paul E. , Thwaites Guy , Kennedy Stephen , Kestelyn Evelyne , Thanh Le Quang
Published: August 2023

Objective To validate a serum biomarker developed in the USA for
preterm birth (PTB) risk stratification in Viet Nam. Design
Case-cohort study Setting Tu Du Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet
Nam Population Women with a viable singleton pregnancy (n=5000).
Methods Maternal serum was collected between 19
-22 weeks’ gestation and
participants followed to neonatal discharge. Relative insulin-like
growth factor binding protein 4 (IGFBP4) and sex hormone binding
globulin (SHBG) abundances were measured by mass spectrometry and their
ratio compared between PTB cases and term controls. Discrimination (area
under the receiver operating characteristic curve, AUC) and calibration
for PTB <37 and <34 weeks were tested, with model
tuning using clinical factors. Main outcomes measures All PTBs
(any birth ≤37 weeks’ gestation) and spontaneous PTBs (birth ≤37 weeks’
gestation with clinical signs of initiation of parturition).
Results Complete data were available for 4984 (99.7%), cohort
PTB rate=6.7%; n=335. We observed an inverse association between
IGFBP4/SHBG ratio and gestational age at birth (p=0.017); AUC 0.60 (95%
CI, 0.53-0.68). Including previous PTB (multiparous women) or prior
miscarriage (primiparous women) improved performance (AUC 0.65 and 0.70,
respectively, for PTB <37 and <34 weeks’ gestation).
Optimal performance (AUC 0.74) was between 19-20 weeks’ gestation, for
BMI >21kg/m and age 20-35 years.
Conclusions We have validated a novel serum biomarker for PTB
risk stratification in a very different setting to the original study.
Further research is required to determine appropriate ratio thresholds
based on the prevalence of risk factors and the availability of
resources and preventative therapies.
Dexamethasone promotes autophagy dependent ferroptosis of placental trophoblast cells through GRα
Authors: Shang Hong-Kai , Xu Yuan , Lu Jun-lei , Xu Qiao-ping , Ren Zi-yao
Published: August 2023

Objective: To investigate the mechanism by which DEX regulates
ferroptosis through GRa and autophagy to affect the function of
placental trophoblast cells. Design: Exploration at clinical and
cellular levels. Setting: Dex-treated and untreated groups were set.
Population or Sample: Placenta tissue and cells (HTR-8/SVneo cells and
TEV-1 cells). Methods: Prussian blue staining, IHC detection, Fe2+ level
detection, electron microscope detection, CCK-8 detection, lipid
oxidation level detection, Calcein-AM/PI staining detection level
detection, ROS level test, MDA level detection, GSH level detection,
GPX4 activity detection, WB detection and autophagy flow detection. Main
Outcome Measures: The level of ferroptosis, the level and activity of
AMPKα/BECN1 and ATG5/ATG7/NCOA4 signaling pathways, and the level of
autophagy in placental trophoblast cells were evaluated Results: First,
we found that DEX significantly increased the level of ferroptosis in
placental tissue in women at risk of preterm birth. Next, we evaluated
the effects of DEX and Ferrostatin 1 or DFOM treatment, the ferroptosis
inhibitors, on placental trophoblast cell viability and ferroptosis
levels. DEX decreased cell viability and increased iron accumulation and
lipid peroxidation; Ferrostatin-1 or DFOM treatments could reverse these
effects. Mechanically, DEX regulated autophagy and the protein levels of
AMPKα/BECN1 and ATG5/ATG7/NCOA4 signaling pathways by inhibiting its
receptor GRα. In addition, AMPKα inhibitors Comp C, siAMPKα, siBECN1,
siATG5, siATG7 and siNCOA4 could reverse the inhibitory effect of DEX on
the survival of placental trophoblast cells. In addition, AMPKα/BECN1
axis triggered autophagy activation and ATG5/ATG7/ NCOA4-mediated
autophagy ferritin degradation were found to be associated with DEX
induced ferroptosis in placental trophoblast cells. As demonstrated by
the inhibition of autophagy by Comp C, siAMPKα and siBECN1, knockdown of
ATG5, ATG7 and NCOA4 reduced intracellular iron accumulation and lipid
peroxidation, and increased the protein expression of ferritin (FTH1),
thus reducing the influence of the ferroptosis inducer erastin.
Conclusions: This study provided experimental support for the adverse
effects of DEX on preterm pregnancy-related disorders, and found that
AMPKα/BECN1 and ATG5/ATG7/NCOA4 were key pathways by which DEX induced
autophagy dependent ferroptosis in placental trophoblastocytes.
Health Consequences of a Death Threat: How Terrorist Attacks Impact Drinking
Authors: Pradel Franziska , Sattler Sebastian
Published: August 2023

Terrorist attacks, war, violent acts, and their media coverage remind us
of our own mortality, which may provoke stress and coping mechanisms.
The terror management health model (TMHM) proposes that even subliminal
thoughts about existential threats trigger worldview defense and
self-esteem-related behaviors. Based on the TMHM, our field experiment
(N=228) examines the impact of a terrorist attack on death-thought
accessibility, the choice between alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages,
and if the impact on this choice is moderated by the importance of
alcohol to one’s self-esteem (i.e., alcohol-based self-esteem), and the
consciousness of the terrorist attack. Results show that thoughts about
the terrorist attack increased death-thought accessibility. The salience
of the terrorist attack had no main effect on beverage choice, but
alcohol-based self-esteem predicted choosing an alcoholic beverage.
However, in the unconscious thought condition, participants who had low
alcohol-based self-esteem and were provoked with death-related thoughts
about terrorism were more likely to choose an alcoholic beverage. In the
conscious thought condition, participants who had high alcohol-based
self-esteem were less likely to choose alcohol. This study suggests that
thoughts about terrorism and, therefore, the threat of death, can be
provoked in everyday situations and affect substance use behaviors with
potentially adverse health consequences.
Quantification of cognitive ergonomic factors and task performance for the use of passive upper limb exoskeleton while performing overhead tasks.
Authors: Abd Rahman Nurul Izzah
Published: August 2023

Exoskeleton has been proposed as a solution for musculoskeletal problems. Designed for physical attributes, it is crucial to determine the effect of its usage on cognitive aspects during task execution. This study aims to quantify cognitive ergonomic factors and task performance for the use of passive upper limb exoskeleton while performing overhead tasks. Ten male participants (mean age of 23.2 years (SD= 0.6)) took part in single and dual-task experiments. Subjective ratings using NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) and Situation awareness rating technique (SART), physiological measure using Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and task performance (number of error) were measured. The dual-task setup reveals that there were strong positive correlations between the overall workload and number of errors percentage, which was statistically significant (r = 0.822, n = 10, p = 0.004). This finding is crucial as a reference for designers, developers, and policymakers in optimizing and sustaining task performance.
Evaluation of Indigenous Strains of Entomopathogenic Nematodes, in Combination with Low-Toxicity Insecticides at Low and High Dosages South American Tomato Pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae)
Authors: Kasi Indra Kumar , Waiba Kanchhi Maya , Kashyap Hemant Kumar , Bhat Abhishek , Singh Gurveer , Saroia Bhawna , Sristi  , Robin  , Rostami Elahe
Published: August 2023

The laboratories experiments were conducted during  September, 2021 to test the pathogenicity of two EPNs species S. feltiae and H. bacteriophora at different (IJs cm-2) concentrations against Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)(Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). The experimental location in Department of Entomology, Nematology Laboratory, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. The native isolate was obtained from soil samples, collected from survey was carried out in Mid-hills of the North Himalayas, India, to investigate the diversity and frequency of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of S. feltiae (HR1) and H. bacteriophora (HR2) in combination with low-toxicity insecticides at low and high dosages to control final-instar larvae in bioassays. The use of S. feltiae+Spinosad or chlorantraniliprole caused larvae mortality of over 100% at 96 h and second bioagent H. bacteriophora+Spinosad and chlorantraniliprole mortality of over 97.50% at 96 h at the high dose and should be included as a least toxic strategy to control T. absoluta. Our results showed that T. absoluta were suitable hosts for local indigenous strains performed good potential for biological control against invasive species. In combination with low-toxicity insecticides at low and high dosages to control final-instar larvae mortality of over 100% at 96 h at the high dose and should be included as a least toxic strategy to control tomato pinworm.
Productivity and Profitability of Mesta based Cropping Sequences in North Coastal Zone of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Sadhineni Malleswari , Joginaidu G. , Jagannadham J. , Srilatha T. , Mitra S.
Published: August 2023

The field experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Amadalavalasa, Andhra Pradesh, India during kharif (May and July to October and November) and rabi (Novem and December to variable) of 2018–2020 to evaluate mesta based cropping sequences. Mesta variety AMV 5 was grown during kharif season followed by groundnut (K6), maize (Madhuri), clusterbean (vegetable), greengram (LGG 460), sunnhemp (SH4) and blackgram (LBG 752) during rabi season.  Mesta–groundnut/clusterbean crop sequence occupied the field for 256 days followed by mesta–sunnhemp 241 days, mesta–maize (sweet corn) 236 days, mesta–blackgram 231 days mesta–greengram 216 days, while sole mesta occupied the field only for 136 days. Combined analysis of the experimental data revealed that Mesta–Maize (5013 kg ha-1) cropping sequence has produced significantly higher mesta equivalent yield followed by Mesta–Groundnut (4297 kg ha-1) and Mesta–Sunnhemp (2972 kg ha-1). Mesta–Maize has recorded higher system productivity (21.24 kg ha-1 day-1), profitability (Rs. 325 ha-1 day-1, gross returns (Rs. 198302 ha-1), net returns (Rs. 119253 ha-1), BC ratio (2.51) and Relative Economic Efficiency (5.39) followed by Mesta–Groundnut and Mesta–Sunnhemp cropping sequence. Mesta growing farmers of north coastal zone of Andhra Pradesh can realize high productivity and earn profitable returns by adapting Mesta–Maize or Mesta–Groundnut or Mesta–Sunnhemp cropping sequence instead of growing sole mesta based on the available resources and prevailing market demand.
Genetic Component Analysis and Determination of Optimum Number of Clusters Based on Morpho-Physiological Traits in Wheat
Authors: Poddar Sourik , Nath Sahanob , Mandal Rupsanatan , Roy Suvendu Kumar , Das Saikat
Published: August 2023

The present study was conducted at the  instructional farm, Uttar Banga Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India during the rabi season (November–March) of 2020–2021 aimed at to evaluate the performance of CIMMYT nursery (19th HTWYT) under Terai zone of West Bengal to assess genetic diversity and clustering them into optimum number of clusters using 12 morpho phenetic traits along with 02 physiological traits and also against spot blotch disease. ANOVA showed non-significant variation among the genotypes for all the 15 quantitative traits under study. The genotypes were also being screened against spot blotch disease and 29 were found highly susceptible, 14 were susceptible to highly susceptible and 06 were susceptible category whereas only the local check DBW 187 was found moderately susceptible to susceptible. The optimum number of clusters was determined by using K mean clustering algorithm which revealed optimum number of cluster of two.  Cluster I consisted of 24 wheat genotypes and Cluster II consisted 26 wheat lines. Among the two clusters, higher diversity was present in cluster I (276.67) than cluster II (249.684). Principal component analysis (PCA) for all the 15 traits revealed only five components having Eigen value >1.00. Among them PC 1 and PC 2 accounted for 36.53% and 12.05% variance respectively. Grain yield was found to be positively associated with 08 traits such as awn length, biological and grain yield, grain per spike, harvest index while negatively correlated with tiller m-1, mean canopy temperature depression, AUDPC%.
Determination of Physical Properties of FYM for the Development of FYM Shredder cum Spreader
Authors: Vinayak M. , Ramana C. , Haribabu B. , Reddy K. Madusudhana
Published: August 2023

A research work was undertaken at the Department Agricultural Engineering, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India during 2020 to study the physical properties of FYM for the designing the tractor mounted FYM spreader. Application of FYM increases the soil fertility. FYM contained almost all essential nutrients required for soil. The important FYM physical properties like moisture content, bulk density, angle of repose, coefficient of friction are required for development of FYM shredder cum spreader. The FYM is heterogeneous mixture and its moisture content varies at different depths stored in manure pits for measuring the physical characteristics, three depths of manure pits viz., 0-20, 20-40, 40-60 cm collected and were used. Designing  The physical properties found in FYM like moisture content, bulk density, angle of repose and coefficient of friction and sieve analysis of FYM at different depth of manure pit were 61% db 20% wb,0.650 gcm-3,71.03 and 34° respectively. The initial bulk density form before the operation 0.650 g cm-3andclod size is major at 70% at 50 mm screen opening after shredder operation the bulk density decreases 0.250 g cm-3 and 40% of FYM retained less than 10 mm sieves at the shredder speed is 255 RPM. The developed shredder was successful in reducing 70% aggregation size from more than 50 mm-less than10 mm sieve opening which is desirable form of FYM application.
Horticultural Interventions in Improving Livelihood of Tribal Farm Women in Bihar
Authors: Patel R. K. , Pongener Alemwati , Srivastava Kuldeep , Pandey S. D. , Kumar Amrendra , Mishra P. K. , Pandey A. K. , Nath Vishal
Published: August 2023

A case study was undertaken between 2015–2017 in Tharu tribal-dominated Bakwa Chandraul and Parsauni villages in the West Champaran district of Bihar, India. After initially understanding the socio-economic status and major role of tribal farm women in the home and farm decision-making process, horticulture-based interventions were introduced in homestead gardens managed by the women. Interventions included the introduction of high-yielding hybrids and varieties of vegetables (Bottle gourd, pumpkin, okra, cowpea, cauliflower, cabbage, pea and radish) and fruit (mango, litchi, guava and lime), and training and skill development in vermicomposting, mushroom cultivation, and fruit and vegetable processing. During the study period, the farm women were not only able to produce more for their own family consumption but could also sell the produce in the local market. Horti-based interventions improved productivity and increased farm income by more than 20% among the tribal women selected in this study; thereby providing farm women greater leverage to make purchases for the family. Our study shows how existing farming systems can be refined and fine-tuned through horti-based micro-interventions to increase farm and family income among tribal women, and bring about positive changes in the socio-economic and nutritional condition of tribal farm families.
Identification of Distinct Endosymbionts of Whiteflies-infesting Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), using Diagnostic PCR and Sanger Sequencing
Authors: Harish E. R. , Archana Vijayan
Published: August 2023

The study was conducted during March–December 2021 in  Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala for the identification of distinct endosymbionts of cassava whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and Aleurodicus dispersus (Russell). Endosymbiotic bacteria found in whiteflies have been reported to interact and provide specific advantages to the hosts and they can be one of the reasons for whiteflies’ insecticidal resistance. In the present study, endosymbiotic bacteria were isolated from the insects, allowed to grow in media after insecticidal treatments and after observing colony morphology, distinct bacterial colonies were sub-cultured and selected for further molecular identification procedures. PCR analysis was carried out for bacteria using 16S rRNA primer, with an annealing temperature of 49°C and yielded fragments at 1500 bp. Based on the sequencing report the observations were that the culturable endosymbionts Providencia present in B. tabaci is resistant to chlorpyrifos and Paenibacillus alvei present in A. dispersus is resistant to imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos. Clostridium senegalens and Acinetobacter are found in control populations of Bemisia and Aleurodicus respectively.The sequences were submitted to NCBI and the accession numbers obtained were OP303253, OP303256, OP303254 and OP295124. Also, through diagnostic PCR using specific bacterial primers, presence of Portiera aleyrodidarum at fragment length of 1000 bp and Wolbachia at 650 bp in B. tabaci and Rickettsia at fragment length of 800 bp in A. dispersus are confirmed. The study could identify bacteria which are decisive in their presence and activity in whiteflies.
Characters Association and Path Coefficient Analysis among Quantitative Traits of Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema×Grandiflora Tzvelev)
Authors: Gurung Anamika , Kumar Rajiv , Aswath C. , Prakash Tejaswini , Bennurmath Parvathi , Manamohan M. , Reddy D. C. Lakshmana
Published: August 2023

The present experiment was carried out under naturally ventilated polyhouse at the experimental farm of Division of Flower and Medicinal Crops, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India for two years during 2019 (August-November) and 2020 (August-December)  The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications under naturally ventilated polyhouse. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all the traits. Results revealed that the days to optimum flowering exhibited positive and significant correlation with plant height (0.599), days to bud initiation (0.628), days to first flower opening (0.985) and flowering duration (0.571), whereas, positive significant correlation with flower diameter (0.324). The results of path coefficient analysis using correlation coefficients revealed that days to first flower opening (1.033) exhibited positive and very high direct effect on days to optimum flowering while, number of leavesplant-1 (0.040), days to bud initiation (0.056), flower diameter (0.025) and flower duration (0.022) showed positive and negligible direct effect. Therefore, the selection on the basis of traits viz., plant height, days to bud initiation, days to first flower opening, flower duration and flower diameter will be more effective for improvement of the flowering traits in chrysanthemum breeding.
Assessment of Crop Loss in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Due to Damage by the Major Insect Pests
Authors: Subba B. , Chaudhuri N. , Senapati S. K.
Published: August 2023

A field experiment on the yield loss assessment in Okra due to insect-pest was carried out at the research farm of Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India during pre-kharif (15th February–14th May), kharif (15th May–14th August) and post-kharif (15th August–14th November) seasons in 2 years, 2015 and 2016. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design and replicated 6 times. The treatments were T1 (protected by chemical insecticide), T2(protected by organic insecticide), T3 (unprotected). The chemical protection significantly suppressed the jassid and % damage by fruit borer in contrast to organic protection and unprotected in all the 3 seasons. However, the‘t’ test analysis revealed non-significant relation between yield of organically and chemically managed plots and significant relation was found between the yield of untreated with organically and chemically managed plots which is directly related with the abundance of insect population. From chemically management 30.52%, 25.16% and 33.26% and from organically managed plots 29.37%, 20.68% and 32.38% gain in yield was recorded in pre-kharif, kharif and post-kharif seasons, respectively. The avoidable losses from chemically protected plots were 23.39%, 20.00% and 24.88% in 3 seasons, respectively. The same from organically managed plots were 22.73%, 16.98% and 24.39% in 3 cropping seasons respectively as mention above. Since, non-significant different in losses of yield lies between chemically and organically protected plots, organic management for pest management may be opted considering all aspects like health, environment and export earnings.
Provenance Variation in Seed Biometry, Germination and Seedling Traits in Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem)
Authors: Mayavel A. , Krishnan S. , Warrier Rekha R. , Lingeshwaran P. K. , Soosai Raj J. , Sivakumar V.
Published: August 2023

The present investigationon evaluation of provenance variations in seed morphometric, germination and seedling growth attributes of Neem was conducted at Division of Genetics and Tree Improvement at Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India with an aim to study the variation in different provenances of Azadirachta indicafor seed morphometry, germination and seedling traits,to identify superior provenances of Azadirachta indica to produce quality planting stocks, during monsoon of 2021 and 2022. Extensive surveys were conducted in 6 different agro-climatic zones in Tamil Nadu and selected 30 Candidate Plus Trees (CPT’s) based on growth superiority and higher fruit yield. The significant differences were recorded on seed length (cm), seed width (cm), seed perimeter (cm), seed area, and 100 seed  kernel weight (g), germination percentage, mean daily germination, germination value, germination time, peak value, time spread of germination and germination index and seedling characters such as shoot length, root length, color diameter, leaf numbers, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, shoot and root vigorous index among the provenances and seed lots. Southern Zone and Rainfall Zone provenances recorded higher values on seed length and breadth, seed weight and seedling parameters and lower values of seed parameters were observed in the Western Zone and seedling parameters in North Eastern Zone. Seed length, seed area, seed perimeter and germination percentage had a significant strong positive correlation with the shoot vigour index. Southern Zone and Rainfall Zone provenances can be recommended for establishing large-scale plantation in the Tree Outside Forest (ToF).
COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact of Agricultural Labour Migration on Income Levels of Farmers in Telangana
Authors: Muneer Shaik , Swamy D. Kumara , Lavanya T. , Supriya K.
Published: August 2023

The present study was undertaken during 25th March 2019 to 25th March 2021 to examine the impact of agricultural labour migration due to COVID-19 pandemic on the income levels of farmers. Both primary and secondary data were used in the study, multistage sampling technique was used in selection of district, mandals and villages. Tools and techniques like tabular analysis, gross returns and net returns were used. Economic impact on farmers in the study area was studied by selecting three major crops viz., Paddy, Cotton and Maize. During the COVID-19 pandemic, in the kharif and rabi season, in all the three major crops, the labour availability was increased when compared with the period of before the pandemic. This situation was appeared due to reverse migration during pandemic. The average wage rates received by the agricultural labourers for almost all farm operations in case of paddy, maize and cotton crops were decreased due to increase in labour supply due to reverse migration. The available man days also clearly got increased for almost all the operations except harvesting of paddy and cotton crops. In case of paddy and cotton crops, net returns were found to increase. In case of Maize crop, the gross and net returns were decreased due to increase in total operation costs and decrease in price per quintal during rabi season of the pandemic period respectively.
Impact of NICRA Project on Knowledge, Skill and Attitude (KSA)of Farmers on Climate-Resilient Agrotechnology’s in the NICRA Operated District of Odisha
Authors: Lenka Sasanka , Patnaik Biswa Ranjan , Dash Sameer Ranjan
Published: August 2023

A study was undertaken in March to June 2020 in the three NICRA districts i.e., Kendrapara, Jharsuguda and Kalahandi, Odisha, India to address the major climatic hazards through climate-resilient practices. A mixed-method research design that combines both qualitative and quantitative research techniques was deployed in this study. This was a test-control study, where the comparison was made between the NICRA- farmers (Test) and non-NICRA farmers (Control). The districts, blocks and villages selected a purposive sampling approach to ensure proper representation. The respondents were selected following the random sampling method. A total of 120 NICRA farmers, 60 Non-NICRA farmers and 30 Officials were selected in the sample. Now climate change adversely exaggerated the economic growth of farmers due to the climate change effects. The mean knowledge score of NICRA farmers was 69.96±5.88 whereas non-NICRA farmers were 37.71±2.67. The mean difference between the NICRA and non-NICRA farmers was -32.25 and the significant p=0.000. The knowledge score of NICRA farmers on CRA was found to be highly significant. The mean score of skill practice was 73.76±7.46 for NICRA farmers and that for non-NICRA farmers was 41.65±7.08. This implied that NICRA farmers had a significantly very high skill score than non-NICRA farmers (p=0.001). The mean attitude score of the NICRA farmer was 92.44±5.47 and that of the non-NICRA farmer was 71.65±6.63. The difference was highly significant (p=0.000). The mean attitude score of NICRA farmers was found to be significantly higher than non-NICRA farmers(p<0.001).