bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of School Violence Prevention Programs in Elementary Schools in the United States: A Systematic Review
Authors: Freeman Ie May , Tellez Jenny , Jones Anissa
Published: April 2024

School violence remains a major concern for scholars, policymakers, and the public in the United States. Despite the implementation of various school violence prevention programs, information regarding their effectiveness in the United States is outdated and limited. This systematic review identified current elementary school programs that effectively reduce school violence in the United States and determined the types of elementary school violence prevention programs implemented, their effectiveness, and the types of tools used to enhance such programs. A qualitative methodological approach was employed, and four databases were searched. English articles published between 2012 and 2023 were selected. Furthermore, data involving elementary school education, school personnel, teachers, and children (5–12-year-old) in the United States were included in the thematic analysis. Results confirmed that the school-wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports program effectively decreases violence, suspensions, office referrals, and disruptive behaviors, whereas positive action effectively reduces negative violent behaviors. Social–emotional learning (SEL) implementation also reduced behavioral issues. The findings of this study are relevant for guiding teachers, school administrators, policymakers, teacher education preparation programs, and health professionals in constructing evidence-based violence prevention programs with an added SEL component for elementary schools.
NICE: A Web-Based Tool for the Characterization of Transient Noise in Gravitational Wave Detectors
Authors: Sorrentino Nunziato , Razzano Massimiliano , Di Renzo Francesco , Fidecaro Francesco , Hemming Gary
Published: April 2024

NICE—Noise Interactive Catalogue Explorer—is a web service developed for rapid-qualitative glitch analysis in gravitational wave data. Glitches are transient noise events that can smother the gravitational wave signal in data recorded by gravitational wave interferometer detectors. NICE provides interactive graphical tools to support detector noise characterization activities, in particular, the analysis of glitches from past and current observing runs, passing from glitch population visualization to individual glitch characterization. The NICE back-end API consists of a multi-database structure that brings order to glitch metadata generated by external detector characterization tools so that such information can be easily requested by gravitational wave scientists. Another novelty introduced by NICE is the interactive front-end infrastructure focused on glitch instrumental and environmental origin investigation, which uses labels determined by their time–frequency morphology. The NICE domain is intended for integration with the Advanced Virgo, Advanced LIGO, and KAGRA characterization pipelines and it will interface with systematic classification activities related to the transient noise sources present in the Virgo detector.
A Practicable Guideline for Predicting the Thermal Conductivity of Unconsolidated Soils
Authors: Bertermann David , Rammler Mario , Wernsdorfer Mark , Hagenauer Hannes
Published: April 2024

For large infrastructure projects, such as high-voltage underground cables or for evaluating the very shallow geothermal potential (vSGP) of small-scale horizontal geothermal systems, large-scale geothermal collector systems (LSCs), and fifth generation low temperature district heating and cooling networks (5GDHC), the thermal conductivity (λ) of the subsurface is a decisive soil parameter in terms of dimensioning and design. In the planning phase, when direct measurements of the thermal conductivity are not yet available or possible, λ must therefore often be estimated. Various empirical literature models can be used for this purpose, based on the knowledge of bulk density, moisture content, and grain size distribution. In this study, selected models were validated using 59 series of thermal conductivity measurements performed on soil samples taken from different sites in Germany. By considering different soil texture and moisture categories, a practicable guideline in the form of a decision tree, employed by empirical models to calculate the thermal conductivity of unconsolidated soils, was developed. The Hu et al. (2001) model showed the smallest deviations from the measured values for clayey and silty soils, with an RMSE value of 0.20 W/(m∙K). The Markert et al. (2017) model was determined to be the best-fitting model for sandy soils, with an RMSE value of 0.29 W/(m∙K).
Emotion behind the Wheel: Unravelling the Impact of Emotional (dys)Regulation on Young Driving Behaviour—A Systematic Review
Authors: Pizzo Alessandra , Lausi Giulia , Burrai Jessica , Quaglieri Alessandro , Mari Emanuela , D’Alessio Ivan , Barchielli Benedetta , Cordellieri Pierluigi , Giannini Anna Maria , Cricenti Clarissa
Published: April 2024

Young people engage in a variety of behaviours that can have an impact on their health and safety, including driving and road accidents, which represent a major health issue today. Emotions, and in particular emotional regulation (ER), interact significantly with key elements of driving behaviour, such as risk perception, decision-making, and attention. We carried out a systematic review considering the presence of an association between emotional (dys)regulation and driving behaviour of young adults (18–25 years). A total of 1849 records were selected for screening and, finally, eight full-text articles were included. Two main findings were found: on the one hand, driving anger, unlike other emotional patterns, emerged as a well-defined cause of impairment among young drivers. On the other hand, drivers’ risky behaviour seems to be influenced by a heterogeneous set of factors, such as using specific ER strategies or personality traits (e.g., impulsivity). Expressing one’s emotions adaptively, improving the ability to accept and be aware of negative emotions, and controlling impulsive behaviour could reduce driving risks in young drivers.
Executive Functions in a Patient with Low-Grade Glioma of the Central Nervous System: A Case Report
Authors: Guerrero Gómez Manuel José , Jiménez Urrego Ángela , Gonzáles Fernando , Botero Carvajal Alejandro
Published: April 2024

Central nervous system tumors produce adverse outcomes in daily life, although low-grade gliomas are rare in adults. In neurological clinics, the state of impairment of executive functions goes unnoticed in the examinations and interviews carried out. For this reason, the objective of this study was to describe the executive function of a 59-year-old adult neurocancer patient. This study is novel in integrating and demonstrating biological effects and outcomes in performance evaluated by a neuropsychological instrument and psychological interviews. For this purpose, pre- and post-evaluations were carried out of neurological and neuropsychological functioning through neuroimaging techniques (iRM, spectroscopy, electroencephalography), hospital medical history, psychological interviews, and the Wisconsin Card Classification Test (WCST). There was evidence of deterioration in executive performance, as evidenced by the increase in perseverative scores, failure to maintain one’s attitude, and an inability to learn in relation to clinical samples. This information coincides with the evolution of neuroimaging over time. Our case shows that the presence of the tumor is associated with alterations in executive functions that are not very evident in clinical interviews or are explicit in neuropsychological evaluations. In this study, we quantified the degree of impairment of executive functions in a patient with low-grade glioma in a middle-income country where research is scarce.
Exposure to Microplastics Made of Plasmix-Based Materials at Low Amounts Did Not Induce Adverse Effects on the Earthworm Eisenia foetida
Authors: De Felice Beatrice , Gazzotti Stefano , Roncoli Maddalena , Conterosito Eleonora , Gianotti Valentina , Ortenzi Marco Aldo , Parolini Marco
Published: April 2024

The implementation of recycling techniques represents a potential solution to the plastic pollution issue. To date, only a limited number of plastic polymers can be efficiently recycled. In the Italian plastic waste stream, the residual, non-homogeneous fraction is called ‘Plasmix’ and is intended for low-value uses. However, Plasmix can be used to create new materials through mechanical recycling, which need to be tested for their eco-safety. This study aimed to investigate the potential toxicity of two amounts (0.1% and 1% MPs in soil weight) of microplastics (MPs) made of naïve and additivated Plasmix-based materials (Px and APx, respectively) on the earthworm Eisenia foetida. Changes in oxidative status and oxidative damage, survival, gross growth rate and reproductive output were considered as endpoints. Although earthworms ingested both MP types, earthworms did not suffer an oxidative stress condition or growth and reproductive impairments. The results suggested that exposure to low amounts of both MPs can be considered as safe for earthworms. However, further studies testing a higher amount or longer exposure time on different model species are necessary to complete the environmental risk assessment of these new materials.
Oleanolic Acid Acetate Alleviates Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity via Inhibition of Apoptosis and Necroptosis In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Lee Bori , Kim Yeon-Yong , Jeong Seungwon , Lee Seung Woong , Lee Seung-Jae , Rho Mun-Chual , Kim Sang-Hyun , Lee Soyoung
Published: April 2024

Cisplatin is a widely used anti-cancer drug for treating solid tumors, but it is associated with severe side effects, including nephrotoxicity. Various studies have suggested that the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin could be overcome; nonetheless, an effective adjuvant drug has not yet been established. Oleanolic acid acetate (OAA), a triterpenoid isolated from Vigna angularis, is commonly used to treat inflammatory and allergic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of OAA against cisplatin-induced apoptosis and necroptosis using TCMK-1 cells and a mouse model. In cisplatin-treated TCMK-1 cells, OAA treatment significantly reduced Bax and cleaved-caspase3 expression, whereas it increased Bcl-2 expression. Moreover, in a cisplatin-induced kidney injury mouse model, OAA treatment alleviated weight loss in the body and major organs and also relieved cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity symptoms. RNA sequencing analysis of kidney tissues identified lipocalin-2 as the most upregulated gene by cisplatin. Additionally, necroptosis-related genes such as receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) were identified. In an in vitro study, the phosphorylation of RIPKs and MLKL was reduced by OAA pretreatment in both cisplatin-treated cells and cells boosted via co-treatment with z-VAD-FMK. In conclusion, OAA could protect the kidney from cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and may serve as an anti-cancer adjuvant.
Trends in and Risk Factors for Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Patients
Authors: Le Xiaoqin , Qian Xueqin , Liu Li , Sun Jianjun , Song Wei , Qi Tangkai , Wang Zhenyan , Tang Yang , Xu Shuibao , Yang Junyang , Wang Jiangrong , Chen Jun , Zhang Renfang , Zhu Zhaoqin , Shen Yinzhong
Published: April 2024

Trends in and risk factors for drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with active tuberculosis were analyzed. The clinical data of M. tuberculosis and HIV-coinfected patients treated at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center between 2010 and 2022 were collected. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was confirmed by solid or liquid culture. The phenotypic drug susceptibility test was carried out via the proportional method, and the resistance to first-line and second-line drugs was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify associated risk factors for drug resistance in M. tuberculosis. Of the 304 patients with a M. tuberculosis-positive culture and first-line drug susceptibility test results, 114 (37.5%) were resistant to at least one first-line anti-tuberculosis drug. Of the 93 patients with first-line and second-line drug susceptibility test results, 40 (43%) were resistant to at least one anti-tuberculosis drug, and 20 (21.5%), 27 (29.0%), 19 (20.4%), 16 (17.2%), and 14 (15.1%) were resistant to rifampicin, streptomycin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin, respectively; 17 patients (18.3%) had multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Between 2010 and 2021, the rate of resistance to streptomycin and rifampicin ranged from 14.3% to 40.0% and from 8.0% to 26.3%, respectively, showing an increasing trend year by year. From 2016 to 2021, the rate of resistance to quinolones fluctuated between 7.7% and 27.8%, exhibiting an overall upward trend. Logistic regression analysis showed that being aged <60 years old was a risk factor for streptomycin resistance, mono-drug resistance, and any-drug resistance (RR 4.139, p = 0.023; RR 7.734, p = 0.047; RR 3.733, p = 0.009). Retreatment tuberculosis was a risk factor for resistance to rifampicin, ofloxacin, of levofloxacin (RR 2.984, p = 0.047; RR 4.517, p = 0.038; RR 6.277, p = 0.014). The drug resistance rates of M. tuberculosis to rifampicin and to quinolones in HIV/AIDS patients were high and have been increasing year by year. Age and a history of previous anti-tuberculosis treatment were the main factors associated with the development of drug resistance in HIV/AIDS patients with tuberculosis.
Dismantling Barriers to Hepatitis B and Delta Screening, Prevention, and Linkage to Care among the PWUD Community in Philadelphia
Authors: Zovich Beatrice , Freeland Catherine , Moore Holly , Sapp Kara , Qureshi Anousha , Holbert Rachel , Zambrano Jason , Bhangoo Daljinder , Cohen Chari , Hass Richard W. , Jessop Amy
Published: April 2024

The prevalence of hepatitis B and delta viruses (HBV/HDV) among people who use drugs (PWUD) remains largely unknown. In the context of one Philadelphia-based harm reduction organization (HRO), this study aimed to assess HBV/HDV prevalence and facilitate linkage to care. Participants completed a demographic HBV/HDV risk factor survey and were screened for HBV and reflexively for HDV if positive for HBV surface antigen or isolated core antibody. Fisher’s exact tests and regression were used to understand relationships between risks and HBV blood markers. Of the 498 participants, 126 (25.3%) did not have hepatitis B immunity, 52.6% had been vaccinated against HBV, and 17.9% had recovered from a past infection. Eleven (2.2%) participants tested positive for isolated HBV core antibody, 10 (2.0%) for HBV surface antigen, and one (0.2%) for HDV antibody. History of incarceration was associated with current HBV infection, while transactional sex and experience of homelessness were predictive of previous exposure. This study found high rates of current and past HBV infection, and a 10% HBV/HDV co-infection rate. Despite availability of vaccine, one quarter of participants remained vulnerable to infection. Findings demonstrate the need to improve low-threshold HBV/HDV screening, vaccination, and linkage to care among PWUD. The study also identified gaps in the HBV/HDV care cascade, including lack of point-of-care diagnostics and lack of support for HROs to provide HBV services.
The Potential Economic Impact of the Updated COVID-19 mRNA Fall 2023 Vaccines in Japan
Authors: Fust Kelly , Joshi Keya , Beck Ekkehard , Maschio Michael , Kohli Michele , Lee Amy , Hagiwara Yuriko , Van de Velde Nicolas , Igarashi Ataru
Published: April 2024

This analysis estimates the economic and clinical impact of a Moderna updated COVID-19 mRNA Fall 2023 vaccine for adults ≥18 years in Japan. A previously developed Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) model with a one-year analytic time horizon (September 2023–August 2024) and consequences decision tree were used to estimate symptomatic infections, COVID-19 related hospitalizations, deaths, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), costs, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for a Moderna updated Fall 2023 vaccine versus no additional vaccination, and versus a Pfizer–BioNTech updated mRNA Fall 2023 vaccine. The Moderna vaccine is predicted to prevent 7.2 million symptomatic infections, 272,100 hospitalizations and 25,600 COVID-19 related deaths versus no vaccine. In the base case (healthcare perspective), the ICER was ¥1,300,000/QALY gained ($9400 USD/QALY gained). Sensitivity analyses suggest results are most affected by COVID-19 incidence, initial vaccine effectiveness (VE), and VE waning against infection. Assuming the relative VE between both bivalent vaccines apply to updated Fall 2023 vaccines, the base case suggests the Moderna version will prevent an additional 1,100,000 symptomatic infections, 27,100 hospitalizations, and 2600 deaths compared to the Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine. The updated Moderna vaccine is expected to be highly cost-effective at a ¥5 million willingness-to-pay threshold across a wide range of scenarios.
The Full Value of Vaccine Assessments Concept—Current Opportunities and Recommendations
Authors: White Richard G. , Menzies Nicolas A. , Portnoy Allison , Clark Rebecca A. , Toscano Cristiana M. , Weller Charlotte , Tufet Bayona Marta , Silal Sheetal Prakash , Karron Ruth A. , Lee Jung-Seok , Excler Jean-Louis , Lauer Jeremy A. , Giersing Birgitte , Lambach Philipp , Hutubessy Raymond , Jit Mark
Published: April 2024

For vaccine development and adoption decisions, the ‘Full Value of Vaccine Assessment’ (FVVA) framework has been proposed by the WHO to expand the range of evidence available to support the prioritization of candidate vaccines for investment and eventual uptake by low- and middle-income countries. Recent applications of the FVVA framework have already shown benefits. Building on the success of these applications, we see important new opportunities to maximize the future utility of FVVAs to country and global stakeholders and provide a proof-of-concept for analyses in other areas of disease control and prevention. These opportunities include the following: (1) FVVA producers should aim to create evidence that explicitly meets the needs of multiple key FVVA consumers, (2) the WHO and other key stakeholders should develop standardized methodologies for FVVAs, as well as guidance for how different stakeholders can explicitly reflect their values within the FVVA framework, and (3) the WHO should convene experts to further develop and prioritize the research agenda for outcomes and benefits relevant to the FVVA and elucidate methodological approaches and opportunities for standardization not only for less well-established benefits, but also for any relevant research gaps. We encourage FVVA stakeholders to engage with these opportunities.
Analysis of Protection and Immune Response against Teladorsagia circumcincta in Goats Immunised with Thiol-Binding Proteins from Adult Worms
Authors: Ortega Leire , Quesada Jessica , Ruiz Antonio , Conde-Felipe Magnolia María , Ferrer Otilia , Muñoz María del Carmen , Molina José Adrián , Rodríguez Francisco , Molina José Manuel
Published: April 2024

In view of the increasing occurrence of anthelmintic-resistant strains of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants, various alternative control strategies have been investigated, such as those based on the induction of protective immune responses by immunisation with parasite antigens. In this study, the protective activity of somatic antigens from adult worms of Teladorsagia circumcincta purified by affinity chromatography on thiol-sepharose was analysed in goats. After challenge, the enriched products induced a slight reduction in the cumulative faecal egg counts (21%) and in the number of worms (23.3%), with a greater effect on female worms, which also showed a reduction in parameters related to their fertility. These parasitological findings were associated with a Th2 immune response, with a prominent local humoral response and an eosinophilic infiltrate in the gastric mucosa (negatively associated with the fertility of female worms and the number of worms, respectively), as well as an infiltration of MCHII+, CD4+, IgG+ and IgA+ cells. However, several analyses showed an increase in CD8+ cells in the mucosa, as well as IL-2 expression in the gastric lymph nodes, which may have been associated with inhibition of protective responses or with the development of mixed Th1/Th2 responses, a finding that should be analysed in future studies.
Courage in Decision Making: A Mixed-Methods Study of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Women of Reproductive Age in the U.K.
Authors: Magee Laura A. , Brown Julia R. , Bowyer Vicky , Horgan Gillian , Boulding Harriet , Khalil Asma , Cheetham Nathan J. , Harvey Nicholas R. ,   COVID Symptom Study Biobank Consortium,   RESILIENT Study Group, Mistry Hiten D. , Sudre Carole , Silverio Sergio A. , von Dadelszen Peter , Duncan Emma L.
Published: April 2024

COVID-19 vaccination rates are lower in women of reproductive age (WRA), including pregnant/postpartum women, despite their poorer COVID-19-related outcomes. We evaluated the vaccination experiences of 3568 U.K. WRA, including 1983 women (55.6%) experiencing a pandemic pregnancy, recruited through the ZOE COVID Symptom Study app. Two staggered online questionnaires (Oct–Dec 2021: 3453 responders; Aug–Sept 2022: 2129 responders) assessed reproductive status, COVID-19 status, vaccination, and attitudes for/against vaccination. Descriptive analyses included vaccination type(s), timing relative to age-based eligibility and reproductive status, vaccination delay (first vaccination >28 days from eligibility), and rationale, with content analysis of free-text comments. Most responders (3392/3453, 98.2%) were vaccinated by Dec 2021, motivated by altruism, vaccination supportiveness in general, low risk, and COVID-19 concerns. Few declined vaccination (by Sept/2022: 20/2129, 1.0%), citing risks (pregnancy-specific and longer-term), pre-existing immunity, and personal/philosophical reasons. Few women delayed vaccination, although pregnant/postpartum women (vs. other WRA) received vaccination later (median 3 vs. 0 days after eligibility, p < 0.0001). Despite high uptake, concerns included adverse effects, misinformation (including from healthcare providers), ever-changing government advice, and complex decision making. In summary, most women in this large WRA cohort were promptly vaccinated, including pregnant/post-partum women. Altruism and community benefit superseded personal benefit as reasons for vaccination. Nevertheless, responders experienced angst and received vaccine-related misinformation and discouragement. These findings should inform vaccination strategies in WRA.
Reemergence of Congenital Syphilis in the United States: A Narrative Review
Authors: Aboudawoud Omar , Chaudhry Shahrukh , Dubey Pallavi , Hardy Ghislain
Published: April 2024

Congenital syphilis, a preventable and deadly disease, has witnessed an alarming resurgence in the US in recent years, posing a vital public health challenge. Historically, effective prevention and treatment strategies led to a decline in congenital syphilis, and some believed that it could be eradicated. However, inadequate prenatal care, limited access to healthcare services, and gaps in syphilis screening programs have led to a resurgence of congenital syphilis. In this narrative review, we aim to highlight the key factors contributing to the reemergence of congenital syphilis and its implications on maternal and child health.
Ecotoxicity of 2,4-Dichlorophenol to Microsorium pteropus by High Spatial Resolution Mapping of Stoma Oxygen Emission
Authors: Zhong Ning , Zhang Daoyong
Published: April 2024

The toxicity of emerging organic pollutants to photosystems of aquatic plants is still not well clarified. This study aimed to develop a novel ecotoxicological experimental protocol based on nanoscale electrochemical mapping of photosynthetic oxygen evolution of aquatic plants by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The protocol was also checked by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), the traditional Clark oxygen electrode method, and the chlorophyll fluorescence technique. The typical persistent organic pollutant 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in a water environment and the common aquatic Microsorium pteropus (M. pteropus) were chosen as the model organic pollutant and tested plant, respectively. It was found that the SECM method could discriminate the responses of stoma micromorphology and spatial pattens of photosynthetic oxygen evolution on single stoma well. The shape of stoma blurred with increasing 2,4-DCP concentration, which was in good agreement with the CLSM images. The dose–response curves and IC50 values obtained from the SECM data were verified by the data measured by the traditional Clark oxygen electrode method and chlorophyll fluorescence test. The IC50 value of single-stoma oxygen emission of plant leaves exposed for 24 h, which was derived from the SECM current data (32,535 μg L−1), was close to those calculated from the maximum photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) measured by the chlorophyll fluorescence test (33,963 μg L−1) and the Clark oxygen electrode method photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate (32,375 μg L−1). The 72 h and 96 h 2,4-DCP exposure data further confirmed the reliability of the nanoscale stoma oxygen emission mapping methodology for ecotoxicological assessment. In this protocol, the procedures for how to collect effective electrochemical data and how to extract useful information from the single-stoma oxygen emission pattern were well established. This study showed that SECM is a feasible and reliable ecotoxicological tool for evaluation of toxicity of organic pollutants to higher plants with a unique nanoscale visualization advantage over the conventional methods.
An Application of the RegCM4 System to Quantify the Effects of Climate Change on the Hydric Potential of the Angostura-Bolivia Basin
Authors: Lizarazu Rojas Michael Diego , Ochoa Walter A. Abujder , Montenegro Terrazas Luis E. , Andrade Uzieda Marko , Calabokis Oriana Palma , Nuñez de la Rosa Yamid E. , Nava Sejas Jorge E.
Published: April 2024

Climate change (CC) impacts on hydrology pose significant global concerns due to their effects on water availability, thereby impacting various human activities reliant on this essential resource. This study assesses the influence of CC on the water supply in the Angostura-Bolivia basin. We employed the RegCM4 system, which develops its own regional climate models (RCMs) tailored to the Angostura basin using specific convective schemes, diverging from reliance on pre-existing RCMs, like those provided by CORDEX. Methodologically, the study involves hydrometeorological data collection and analysis, utilizing dynamic and statistical downscaling methods to refine the RCMs derived from ERA-Interim reanalysis data. Subsequently, precipitation and temperature projections are generated under CC scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) for both near (2045–2055) and far (2065–2075) future periods, compared to the historical period (1981–2010). The final stage employs the HydroBID system to project future runoff, considering both perturbed and unperturbed hydrometeorological data under CC effects. The analysis of flow duration curves for 50%, 75%, and 90% exceedance probabilities reveals a significant reduction in flows across all scenarios, indicating a noteworthy impact on water availability. These findings underscore the urgency of comprehending and adapting to CC on hydrology, emphasizing the critical importance of sustainable water resource management amidst evolving climatic conditions.
Aminated Spherical SiO2 Synthesized from Fly Ash and Its Application for Pb2+ and Cu2+ Sorption
Authors: Chen Jiahui , Liu Nengsheng , Wang Yunzhu , Li Xiang , Zhang Zheren , Liu Le , Dou Zhaoyang , He Sufang
Published: April 2024

Fly ash was utilized as raw material for the preparation of spherical SiO2 (SS), which was subsequently ammonified using APTES (H2NCH2CH2CH2Si(OC2H5)3) to obtain aminated spherical SiO2 (SSN). The physicochemical properties of SS and SSN were systematically characterized. Notably, SS exhibited a remarkable specific surface area and pore volume, enabling it to accommodate abundant nitrogen-containing groups. These functional groups served as crucial active sorption sites, significantly enhancing the sorption capacity of SiO2 for Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions. Thus, the removal efficiency was above 99.9% when using dosages of 4 and 6 g/L SSN in solutions containing 200 mg/L of Pb2+ and Cu2+, respectively. Additionally, SSN showed a higher theoretical maximum sorption capacity for Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions, as determined by the Langmuir isotherm model, with values of 185.2 mg/g and 86.2 mg/g, respectively. These results surpass those reported in previous studies on adsorbents derived from fly ash. The chemical reactions that occurred between the aqueous cations and nitrogen-containing groups were identified as the pivotal factors governing the sorption of Pb2+ and Cu2+. This study presents a practical approach to fly ash utilization, along with the effective removal of Pb2+ and Cu2+ from water.
Forecast of Hydro–Meteorological Changes in Southern Baltic Sea
Authors: Dąbrowska Ewa , Torbicki Mateusz
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive approach to forecasting hydro–meteorological changes in a marine area, i.e., in large bodies of water, from open water to coastal zones. First, hydro–meteorological factors, their interactions, and their implications for marine ecosystems are described. In addition, an analysis is outlined specifically for the Baltic Sea area. Next, the procedure for forecasting expected changes in major hydro–meteorological parameters in the sea is presented and a series of steps is accurately described. An extensive prognosis is provided for the southern Baltic Sea region using historical data obtained from the Polish National Institute of Water Management and Meteorology. The procedure is applied for seven measurement points which were assigned to four sub-areas for examining trends in wind regimes and wave height patterns using the authors’ own written software and statistical methods for data analysis. The model was validated within the southern Baltic Sea region. This paper also highlights the significance of forecasting for human beings, the environment, and critical infrastructure by proposing adaptive strategies and integrated coastal zone management in mitigating risks and enhancing resilience. Finally, future directions for research are proposed.
Online learning for allied health knowledge translation: A systematic review
Authors: Joy Anna , Carey Leeanne , Neilson Cheryl , Lockwood Kylee , Harding Katherine
Published: April 2024

Purpose: To synthesise evidence on the effectiveness of online learning platforms for facilitating knowledge translation in allied health professionals.
Methodology: A systematic review of the literature searched three databases (Medline-OVID, CINAHL, Embase) in November 2023 for studies measuring outcomes of knowledge translation initiatives targeting allied health professionals delivered using online learning platforms. Papers were eligible if allied health professionals made up at least 50% of the sample, most of the learning component was online, and comparative data was reported. Data were extracted using a customised form. Quality of studies was appraised using the Downs and Black checklist. Meta-analyses were conducted where sufficient homogenous data were available.
Findings: Twenty-three studies published over a 13-year period were included in this review primarily using pre-post study designs. All reported improvements in either knowledge, skill and/or confidence, with an meta-analysis (n=9 studies) showing a significant increase in knowledge gain after exposure to online learning (SMD 1.39; 95% CI = 0.96-1.83). However, there is little evidence that participation in online learning is associated with a change in clinical practice.
Research Implications: This study supports previous research that online learning can improve knowledge but highlights a need for more rigorous studies addressing the impacts on behaviour change.
Practical Implications: Online learning is an effective way of improving knowledge, skill and/or confidence but additional knowledge translation strategies may be needed to lead to a behaviour change.
Originality/Value: Synthesis of current knowledge of the value and limitations of online learning as a tool to facilitate the implementation of evidence into practice in the allied health professions.
Limitations: This review was limited to studies published in the English language only.  The quality of studies in this field is low. Few studies measure behaviour change.
The 1948 Soviet-Yugoslav Conflict in the Public Discourse of Montenegro
Authors:   Faculty
of Philology, University of Montenegro, Mićović Milena Mrdak , Prekić Adnan ,   Faculty
of Philology, University of Montenegro
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes Montenegrin public discourse in the first years after the Second World War
in the context of the political conflict between the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia in 1948. The research has been based on archival material, daily press, and texts in literary journals, and is focused
on the change of public discourse towards the ussr, conditioned by the political and ideological
conflict between Yugoslavia and the ussr. The historical and semantic-pragmatic analysis of the
text, as well as the analysis of lexical cohesion and taxonomy, indicate all changes in public discourse that result from the political conflict between the two countries. The critical analysis of
public discourse points to the justification of the initial research hypothesis that political processes
had a dominant influence on the formation of postwar public discourse in Montenegro.
Medidas cautelares y acción de protección bajo la lupa del Iura Novit Curia
Authors: Loor Párraga Jeniffer Julliet , Marín Quijije Jossenka Isabel , Zambrano Ordóñez Joyce Dayanara
Published: April 2024

La Acción de Protección y las medidas cautelares, implementadas en la Constitución ecuatoriana de 2008, son mecanismos directos y eficaces, que se presentan ante la amenaza y/o vulneración de derechos constitucionales. El objetivo de la investigación es formular una propuesta para la viabilidad de las medidas cautelares y la acción de protección a la luz del principio lura Novit Curia. La metodología utilizada de enfoque cualitativo, con paradigma interpretativo, se utilizó el método bibliográfico. La técnica utilizada es la revisión documental. Los resultados reflejan que el principio de iura novit curia empodera al juez constitucional para conocer y aplicar las normas legales pertinentes, incluso si no han sido invocadas por las partes. Se concluye que la aplicación del principio iura novit curia en la transformación de garantías jurisdiccionales cuando no se interponen de manera adecuada tiene un gran potencial para mejorar la efectividad de la tutela judicial efectiva. La implementación de esta propuesta permitiría agilizar la protección de derechos fundamentales en situaciones de urgencia.
Opinions of general and specialist dentists about the status of medical services provided to patients with dental-alveolar trauma in Kerman province: A qualitative study
Authors: Pahlavan Sharif Marziye , Shahravan Arash , Malek Ghasemi Fatameh , Sadeghi Fatameh , Nekouei Amir H.
Published: April 2024

Background: Considering the high rate of dentoalveolar trauma, especially in the anterior teeth, the lack of a specialty center with trained personnel and adequate information on trauma in the large and populous city of Kerman is an important concern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the opinions of general dentists and specialists who provide treatment for dentoalveolar trauma patients on the status of the associated medical services in Kerman province. Methods: The present qualitative study analyzed the current data on dental trauma to interpret the published data on the subject. This study was conducted using face-to-face interviews with general practitioners and specialists who had done dental work in Kerman province for at least one year. Participants were selected purposefully and with maximum diversity. Interviews continued until data saturation was achieved. To extract the data, the interviews were transcribed, and the extracted data were coded and classified. Results: Most of the dentists believed that the treatment quality for trauma patients depended on where and which dentist (a specialist or a general dental practitioner) rendered the treatment. Moreover, the patient’s knowledge, awareness, and culture are important factors. Concerning suitable treatment centers for trauma patients, all the dentists believed that there are no suitable round-the-clock treatment centers in Kerman province and the existing centers do not treat minor traumas adequately. Conclusion: Due to lack of adequate knowledge among dentists, parents, and teachers of the associated guidelines, it is recommended that meetings be held to inform dentists of these guidelines. Posters of these guidelines can also be put up in dental schools and treatment centers. It is also highly recommended that a round-the-clock treatment center be established for dentoalveolar injuries.
Evaluation of the behavior and health anxiety levels the patients applying to the periodontology clinic during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Altindal Dicle , Acun Kaya Filiz , Talo Yildirim Tuba , Uysal Ersin , Duger Nurullah
Published: April 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the general behavioral status of individuals who applied to a periodontology clinic during the COVID-19 pandemic to evaluate their health anxiety levels and to compare their anxiety score averages in terms of various factors. Methods: This study was carried out using the face-to-face survey method. Participants were asked to fill out a demographic data form, a survey form asking about pandemic-related behaviors, and the Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI). The effects of factors such as age, gender, marital status, educational status, working in a health institution, and having had COVID-19 disease on health anxiety levels were investigated. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Shapiro-Wilk test, independent samples t test, ANOVA, and Tukey’s HSD test were used for statistical analysis (P<0.05). Results: A total of 400 volunteer participants were included (252 females and 148 males). Anxiety score averages showed a statistically significant difference in terms of gender and education (P=0.023 and P=0.001, respectively). Accordingly, the females’ mean SHAI score (17.45±7.053) was found to be higher than the males’ (15.69±8.161). The mean SHAI scores of primary school graduates (20.86±6.105) were higher than those of high school (15.95±8.197) and university graduates (16.11±6.367). There was no significant difference in terms of marital status, working in a health institution, and being diagnosed with COVID-19. Also, 48.2% of the participants only used surgical masks. Conclusion: Most participants declared that their confidence in healthcare workers increased during the epidemic. Females and individuals with low educational status had higher health anxiety in this study.
The evaluation of dentistry services according to the SERVQUAL approach in the Dentistry School of Kerman Medical Sciences University
Authors: Sajadi Fatemeh Sadat , Farokhgisvar Elham , Khosravi Shima , Khosravi Sajjad , Asadipour Elaheh
Published: April 2024

Background: Due to the complexity of health services, evaluating the aspects of quality in the healthcare sector is very important. Measuring the quality of dentistry school services of Kerman Medical Sciences University (KMU) in 2019–2020 is the main purpose of the present study. Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study was carried out on 200 patients at KMU Dentistry School during the 2019–2020 academic year. The data collection was done by using the SERVQUAL standardized questionnaire, which evaluates the service quality in six dimensions. The data were analyzed by implementing three non-parametric tests, including the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and the Mann-Whitney test using SPSS 26. Results: the participants’ perceptions and expectations concerning the six-fold dimensions of service quality in the KMU Dentistry School indicated significant differences (P < 0.001). In other words, the entire dimensions showed a positive gap, meaning the perceptions exceeded expectations. Conclusion: The consequences showed a meaningful relationship between the perceived service quality and the satisfaction of participants which can be enhanced by paying more attention to the service quality so that participants are satisfied and the motivation to continue using the services of such medical centers increases.
ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS IN THE SYSTEM OF TARGET INDICATORS IN THE REVISIONS OF THE STATE PROGRAM OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION «FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT»
Authors: Avdeeva Irina , Avdeev M.
Published: April 2024

The work discusses the essence and role of the system of target indicators of the state program of the Russian Federation “Forestry Development” in the management of the forest sector. The need to study this system has been updated. A brief overview of existing scientific approaches to the study of the discussed system of indicators is given. An analysis of some aspects of the dynamics of the system of target indicators is proposed and carried out. It should be noted that the focus of the study was shifted to the analysis of the inclusion of each indicator in a chronologically outlined set of revisions of state program, the presence and number of changes that were consistently introduced into the revisions of state program in the series of planned values of indicators. This approach ensures the manifestation of a number of points in the development of the system of indicators of the state program under study. The originality of the revision of state program dated March 31, 2017, which introduced changes to the series of planned values of 1/3 of the analyzed indicators, is revealed. Additional adjustments are shown that were made to the revision of the state program dated March 28, 2019, prolonging the implementation of the state program until 2024. It is noted that a number of interesting points, guaranteed to be explicated with the help of the approach implemented in the work, have not yet been studied, and further directions of research are outlined.
Attitudes towards Inclusive Education among Prospective Teachers
Authors: Sasikala C.
Published: April 2024

Inclusive Education aims to create learning environments that accommodate the diverse needs of all students, including those with disabilities and Special Educational needs. This paper explores the attitudes of prospective teachers towards Inclusive Education, examining the factors that influence their perceptions and the potential implications for the successful implementation of inclusive practices in the classroom. The theoretical framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior provides insights into the components shaping teachers’ intentions for inclusion. The study underscores the global shift towards Inclusive Education, highlighting its importance for creating a just and equal society. Teacher preparation programs play a vital role in influencing attitudes, and strategies to foster positive attitudes are discussed. The conclusion emphasizes the transformative potential of cultivating inclusive mindsets among prospective teachers.
Transaction costs of ineffective legal intervention restricting land ownership in the vicinity of airports: the example of the Polish compensation scheme in the context of environmental regulations
Authors: Forys Iwona , Głuszak Michał , Habdas Magdalena , Konowalczuk Jan
Published: April 2024

The goal of the paper is to assess the social implications of an ineffective legal intervention, which consists of introducing ownership restrictions concerning residential real estate located in the vicinity of airports. The paper evaluates Polish law in the context of the legislator's environmental aims and compares current regulations in Poland with solutions adopted in English law and American jurisdictions. The social and economic impact of ineffective legal intervention is calculated for the KTW airport case study with the use of information about the structure and value of filed and awarded claims for damages. With the use of this data, in the empirical part of the paper, we evaluate the factual transaction costs of public intervention for that airport, as well as ones which would occur if, instead of the Polish model, the American and the English models of compensation were applied. This allows us to explain the socio-economic consequences of adopting a given solution as well as to assess whether it fulfils desirable objectives. It also provides an opportunity to assess the models in the context of devising legally and economically justified compensation for landowners near airports affected by aircraft noise. The paper narrows the gap in the legal and economic knowledge related to the types and implications of ownership restrictions introduced in the vicinity of airports.
MUSIC AS AN AGENT OF SOCIAL CHANGE: AN INSPIRING WORK BY LUIGI NONO
Authors:   Conservatorio “Luisa D’Annunzio”, Pescara, Italy, Marisi Rossella
Published: April 2024

While in the 19th century conservatories were seen as ivory towers, distant from social and economic matters, today the theory termed Socially Engaged Music (SEM), analogous to the already established theory of Socially Engaged Art (SEA), proposes to modernize the mission of these institutions to serve the aspirations and needs of the society in which they operate. This article outlines the key aspects of SEA and SEM and identifies Luigi Nono’s work La fabbrica illuminata as an enlightening example of music focused on social issues.
Attenuation of the effect of salinity on redwood (Caesalpinia platyloba) by saline compost
Authors: Roblero-Roblero Elier Rutilo , Ruelas-Ayala Rey David , Sañudo-Torres Rosario Raudel , Félix-Herrán Jaime Alberto
Published: April 2024

The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of saline compost on the attenuation of salinity stress in palo colorado (Caesalpinia platyloba). A representative sample of saline soil was taken at Ciudad Universitaria Intercultural, sieved (mesh < 5mm) and composted with cattle manure and Cynodon dactylon garden grass pruning, in a 3:1:1 ratio (stubble: manure: saline soil), for 120 days, the characterization consisted of measuring the bulk density (DA), saturation point, pH and EC of the saturated paste extract. The effect of different concentrations of NaCl on the in vitro germination of palo colorado seeds was evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two substrates (blocks), B1) sand-perlite; B2) sand-perlite-salt compost, five treatments 0 M, 0.3 M, 0.4 M, 0.5 M and 0.6 M of NaCl, eight replicates per treatment. The control irrigation was with distilled water. The plants transference to polyethylene cups was fifteen days after sowing; the cups had the same substrate mixture. The variables measured were survival, leaf biomass and dry root biomass. The EC decreased during composting, from 9.45 dS/m low to 2.4 dS/m; the pH of the samples did not show a significant difference. It is concluded that neither the substrate nor the NaCl concentration significantly influenced the germination of palo colorado seeds, and that the saline compost had no effect on the mitigation of salt stress in palo colorado plants.
Reseñas
Authors: Cierbide Martinena Ricardo
Published: April 2024

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