bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Distributed Fusion Predictor and Filter without Feedback for Nonlinear System with Correlated Noises and Random Parameter Matrices
Authors: Liu Man-lu , Lin Rui , Huo Jian-wen , Tan Li-guo , Ling Qing , Zybin Eugene Yuryevich
Published: January 2022

This work presents distributed predictor and filter without feedback for nonlinear stochastic uncertain system with correlated noises. Firstly, for the problem that the process noise and measurement noise are correlated, the two-step prediction theorem based on projection theorem is used to replace the one-step prediction theorem, and the two-step prediction value of a single sensor is obtained. Secondly, the two-step prediction value of each sensor state is used as the measurement information to modify the distributed fusion predictor to obtain the distributed fusion prediction value. Then, according to the projection theorem, the prediction value of distributed fusion is used as measurement information to modify the filtering value of distributed fusion. Finally, the Cubature Kalman filter (CKF) algorithm is used to implement the algorithm proposed in this paper. By comparison with existing methods, the algorithm proposed in this paper solves the problem that existing methods cannot handle state estimation and prediction problems for nonlinear multi-sensor stochastic uncertain systems with correlated noises.
Vectorcardiographic Ventricular Gradient with Constituents, and Myocardial Action Potential Parameter Distribution
Authors: Aidu Eduard A. I. , Trunov Vladimir G.
Published: January 2022

Theoretical grounds of integral vectors of ventricular depolarization and repolarization and their sum, i.e., the spatial ventricular gradient, have been studied. A systematic description and biophysical interpretation of these parameters are presented based on the distribution of cardiomyocyte action potential parameters in the inhomogeneous bidomain model of the myocardium. Recent medical studies have shown high efficiency and predictive value of the ventricular gradient, its constituents and related parameters, such as the angle between the con-stituents, the acceleration of repolarization, etc. Simple examples for a myocardial strip clarify the relationship between the action potential parameters and the resulting ventricular gradient. An explanation with graphic illustration is given for the very informative decartogram of repolarization acceleration. The results obtained here are useful in the modeling of vectorcardiograms for various pathological conditions of the heart ventricles and for various characteristics of the cardiomyocyte action potential, which determine its shape.
The Role of Anthropologic Measurements in Pectus Carinatum Brace Treatment Evaluation
Authors: Omaník Pavol , Kozlíková Katarína , Daumová Natália , Schmidtová Veronika , Béder Igor
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Brace treatment in children with pectus carinatum has become the method of choice during the last decade. The authors evaluate the role of anthropometric measurements in diagnostic and treatment processes.

Methods: A prospective study, analysing a compressive brace treatment for pectus carinatum, performed between January 2018 and September 2020. Demographic data, anthropometric dimensions and indexes of the chest, data connected to an orthosis usage, as well as ongoing treatment outcomes were analysed.

Results: Forty-seven consecutive patients aged between 10 to 18 years with pectus carinatum were prescribed a compressive brace. Thirtynine of them (83 %) reached clinically positive results while wearing the orthosis for 6 ± 3 months. An improvement in the sagittal chest diameter was 0.5 cm – 2.8 cm (mean 1.0 cm ± 0.5 cm) and an improvement of the Thoracic Index was 0.8 % – 25.1 % (6.4 % ± 4.5 %) by using the brace on average for (6 ± 2) hours a day.

Conclusion: Clinical anthropometric measurements can evaluate the dimensions of chest wall and treatment progress in patients with pectus carinatum precisely and thus replace the need for more complex examinations requiring X-rays.
Is There Asymmetry in the Relationship Between Government Consumption Dynamics and Economic Activity? Evidence From G7 Economies
Authors: Senekovič Marko
Published: January 2022

In this paper, based on a quarterly dataset of G7 countries with the application of a nonlinear ARDL model we test for the presence of a short-run and long-term asymmetry in the relationship between government spending and economic activity. The main aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between government spending and economic activity in two separate scenarios, first, in periods when government spending increases and, second, in periods when government spending decreases. Our key findings are, first, the linear model that produces a positive relationship between government consumption and economic activity. Second, in the nonlinear model, more than half of the short-run and long-run coefficients are statistically significant. Third, short-run and long-run asymmetry are detected in four out of seven cases with recognized short-run asymmetry also in the remaining three cases based on graphical analysis. Finally, a negatively inclined short-run asymmetry is detected. The results thus imply a stronger output effect in periods of declining dynamics in government consumption. Future research should be focused on broadening the sample countries and model by adding additional variables.
Empirical Testing of Purchasing Power Parity Validity in Selected European Union Countries
Authors: Plošinjak Jelko , Festić Mejra
Published: January 2022

In this article, the authors carried out an empirical analysis of the validity of purchasing power parity (PPP) in Slovenia, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Austria. The results provide mixed support for PPP, which is typical for extransition economies. In the first phase of the empirical part of the research, the authors tested the stationarity of the real exchange rate in a logarithm, while in the second phase, the cointegration of nominal exchange rate, domestic and foreign price levels was tested.The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was used in the third phase to test if the signs of variables are in accordance with economics and econometrics theories, while in the final phase, restrictions were imposed for the symmetry and proportionality of coefficients. Slovenia is subject to limitations on the symmetry and proportionality of coefficients, which means the validity of both the absolute and relative versions of the PPP theory. Croatia is subject to a limitation on symmetry, but not to a limit on the proportionality of coefficients, which means the validity of the relative version of the PPP theory. In the case of the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Austria, restrictions on the symmetry and proportionality of the coefficients do not apply, which consequently constitutes an invalidity of both versions. However, to the authors’ knowledge, and taking into account Liu (1992), who states that it is more important to check the presence of co-integration than to check the symmetry and proportionality of the coefficients, since there is a cointegratation between the nominal exchange rate, foreign prices and domestic prices, the theory of PPP is valid for all the selected countries. The empirical results suggest that all the real exchange rate time series are stationary, additionally, cointegration exists among all the variables for all countries, and the signs of coefficients are statistically significant for all variables in all countries, however, the coefficient restrictions are only statistically significant in Slovenia and Croatia.
A Demand-Side Analysis of Intellectual Capital in the Accommodation Industry: The Case of the Youth Market in Slovenia
Authors: Rudež Helena Nemec
Published: January 2022

To date, research on intellectual capital (IC) in tourism has dealt with the supply-side view. This study continues the research into IC and develops a new perspective dealing with the demand side of IC in the accommodation industry, focusing on young consumers. On the theoretical ground, the study adapts the supply-side IC indicators to the demand-side perspective. A convenience sampling approach is used, and data was collected from 150 students representing the youth market. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is used to identify the dimensions of human, customer and structural capital of the accommodation industry for the youth market. Five dimensions of IC perceived by the youth market are identified: ‘Employee attitudes towards work’ and ‘Employee qualification’ constitute human capital; ‘Connectedness with guests’ and ‘Accommodation reputation and image’ represent customer capital, and ‘Structural knowledge’ reflects structural capital for youth in the accommodation industry.
The Effect of Stock Market Listing on Real Earnings Management: Evidence From Algerian Companies
Authors: Kimouche Bilal
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to explore the effect of the Algiers Stock Exchange listing on real earnings management. The study included 14 non-financial non-listed companies during the period 2015-2019 and six non-financial listed companies during the period 2010-2019. Due to the small number of companies listed on the Algiers Stock Exchange, the period of study was extended in the case of listed companies to provide enough observations. The measurement of real earnings management is based on the model of abnormal cash flows from operations (Roychowdhury, 2006), while the hypothesis testing is based on a model of multiple linear regression. The results indicate that the company size and the nature of financial statement (consolidation) do not have any effect on real earnings management in Algerian companies. The results are not consistent with the author’s hypothesis about the positive effect of stock market listing on real earnings management. The empirical evidence suggests that the Algiers Stock Exchange listing has had a negative effect on real earnings management in Algerian companies. This might be due to the scrutiny of auditors and regulators as the number of companies is easy to control, which decreases the opportunity for Algerian companies to rely on real earnings management in accordance with the opportunistic or informational view.
New trend in transfusion medicine – Patient blood management
Authors: Sándor Pál , Barbara Réger , Attila Miseta , Zsuzsanna Faust
Published: January 2022

Transfusion is often part of hospital care, the indication being in constant change as an effect of latest multicentric studies’ result. Although transfusion-related complications decreased significantly, the intervention still involves risks, that are worth assuming if only the anemia of patient cannot be managed with other, safer methods. Management of patients declining transfusion or of those unsuitable for transfusion has brought instructive results in assessment of hemoglobin concentration conditioning the necessity of the intervention. Further development of these findings led to development of Patient Blood Management concept, aiming the optimization of blood product usage while improving morbidity and mortality of patient care. Patient Blood Management applies guides helping to avoid transfusions that are not definitely necessary for patients. Using restrictive transfusion principles, preoperative anemia management, tight hemostasis monitoring and treatment, is not only safer but also cost-effective. The objective of our paper is the brief report of some Patient Blood Management guidelines, and to promote and facilitate the application of the new approach.
Skopje 2014: Disneyfication Of A City Or Powerful Tool In The Hands Of The Competitive Authoritarian Regime In Macedonia?1
Authors: Blazhevski Bojan
Published: January 2022

The paper focuses on research on the political decision-making process in the Skopje 2014 project. It describes the procedure for execution of the project from the aspect of transparency and involvement of different segments of Macedonian society based on journalistic article analysis. Thematic analysis was used as the method to accomplish the research. The analysis of the articles shows the undemocratic way of making decisions about the future urban landscape of the capital. In this case, the Disneyfication of the Skopje city centre was only used as a tool for the construction of a competitive authoritarian regime.
Spatial and temporal changes in the diet composition of the Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) in Slovakia comparing three historical periods
Authors: Obuch Ján
Published: January 2022

The author evaluates his own data on the food of the Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) in Slovakia using material he collected between 1975 and 2020. A total of 105,543 food items were identified in 254 samples taken at 136 localities. Mammals had the highest representation (Mammalia, 65 species, 58.4%), and the species composition of birds was diverse (Aves, minimally 140 species, 8.5%), but the common frog (Rana temporaria, 32.0%), from the lower vertebrates, is represented more abundantly. Invertebrates (Evertebrata, 0.1%) occurred in food residues only occasionally. The bulk of the samples were collected from eagle-owl nests. The samples were divided into three time periods (A–C), which differ in the manner of human land-use management: A up to the 1950s, with a smaller area of field plots and more extensive grazing in the uplands; B from the 1950s to the 1980s, during the Socialist period, with the concentration of agricultural production in large units; C the last 30 years, 1990 to 2020, with the gradual break-up of collective land management. The first period (A) is characterised by a strong dominance of frogs, particularly the European brown frog R. temporaria (44.6%), and a large share of small mammal species of the family Muridae (genera Apodemus and Mus). During the time of Socialism (B), eagle-owls adapted to hunting larger species of mammals and birds, and the share of frogs in their food fell by half (R. temporaria, 23.3%). With the decline in livestock production after 1990 (period C), the species diversity of birds increased: aquatic species and raptors in particular are on the rise. Successive overgrowth of pastures in the submontane zone is reducing the hunting territories of eagle-owls. The dominance of the common vole (Microtus arvalis) in their diet has gradually increased from period A (26.8%) to period C (37.3%). Data from eleven areas around Slovakia are evaluated separately for the three time periods. In period A, the highest proportion of frogs was in the Liptov region (R. temporaria, 68.2%), when eagle-owls nested deeper in the mountains. The proportion of frogs decreased towards lower areas, and in the Ponitrie (Nitra river basin) it was only 10.8%. At the same time, the share of M. arvalis and larger prey increased. A similar trend of increasing shares of larger prey towards lower locations also applied during the Socialist period (B). In the last 30 years (C), frogs in the higher river basins have given way to European water voles Arvicola amphibius and M. arvalis. In association with the progressive overgrowth of pastures, forest species such as the yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) and bank vole (Myodes glareolus) are increasingly prevalent, as are the white-breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus roumanicus) and various thrushes (Turdus sp.).
Centralised Multi-National Practices of Transfer and Managerial Discrepancies: Evidence from a Romanian Call Center
Authors: Mihály Zoltan
Published: January 2022

This paper describes workplace dynamics in a call centre located in Romania, a subsidiary of a multi-national corporation (MNC). Positing a centralised practice transfer and global management strategy, the company relies exclusively on home-country decision makers. Placed within Romania’s dependent economic profile alongside its deregulated employment relations, centralised managerial decisions create widespread organisational uncertainty with numerous hire and fire and downsizing procedures, followed by subsequent recruitment campaigns designed to replace the previously displaced workforce.
Les erreurs de traduction dans la confection des dictionnaires bilingues : le cas des patronymes issus du groupe Bantu B40
Authors: Bigoundou Rodrigue
Published: January 2022

The development of dictionaries bilingual is a very complex activity that highlights three areas of expertise : lexicographical, terminological and translational. This category of dictionary requires command of the general language and more. An Indepth knowledge of the terms (surnames) is in the field of terminology, a real link between lexicography and translation. A lexicographic only analysis can cause translation errors in the construction of this tool. Thas is why synergy between these three levels of competence remains a prerequisite. Translation is therefore a necessity for the development of the bilingual dictionary.
La traduction peut-elle abattre les frontières linguistiques et culturelles ?
Authors: Castro Agatino Lo
Published: January 2022

Translation is an act of peace and exchange that aims to transcend linguistic and cultural boundaries. Indeed, translation is a transcultural practice that aims at the acceptance of the other and the encounters of languages and cultures. Several questions arise from this: What type of reflection on translation can be envisaged to break down linguistic and cultural boundaries? Should we think of translation as a purely linguistic act? Is it possible to accept the other from a linguistic and cultural point of view to conceive translation as a transcultural act? We will try to answer these questions by analyzing and by translating extracts into Italian from Prière aux ancêtres by the French- Congolese poet Gabriel Okoundji.
Engineering and technological aspects of manufacturing the inlet guide device of an air centrifugal compressor
Authors:   Petersburg Engineering Company, St. Petersburg, Russia, Ivanov I.N. , Todua V.A. ,   Petersburg Engineering Company, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2022

The article describes the company's experience in implementing the manufacturing technology of input guide devices. The sequence and key aspects of processing the key elements that made it possible to obtain a product that meets the design requirements are described in detail. An algorithm for solving the problem of calculating the compensating force for reverse deformation of seats for articulated bearings is presented.
Technologies for achieving new requirements for emissions of nitrogen oxides by marine power plants
Authors:   Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping, St. Petersburg, Russia, Petrov A.P.
Published: January 2022

The expected expansion of NOx control zones in the Baltic and North Seas is encouraging shipowners and ship operators operating in these regions to consider their strategy for further activities in the new NECA zones. Choosing a strategy to meet the new IMO requirements for new or upgraded vessels is proving to be a difficult decision on an alternative basis. The paper considers the developed and newly developed technologies for meeting the new requirements of environmental standards.
Tekoälyohjelma Iris.AIn alkutaival, käyttäjäkokemukset ja uudet kilpailijat
Authors: Salmi Kirsi , Englund Jukka , Putous Maarit
Published: January 2022

Tekoälyohjelma Iris.ai otettiin Helsingin yliopiston kirjastossa käyttöön syksyllä 2017 ja Itä-Suomen yliopiston kirjastossa huhtikuussa 2018. Palvelua markkinoitiin tutkijan assistenttina, jolla tieteellisen tiedon määrä saadaan nopeammin haltuun. Millaisia olivat käyttäjien kokemukset Iris.aista?
New approximate-analytical solutions to nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equations via homotopy perturbation Elzaki transform method
Authors: ANAÇ Halil
Published: January 2022

Some nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equations are solved by homotopy perturbation Elzaki transform method. The fractional derivatives are defined in the Caputo sense. The applications are examined by homotopy perturbation Elzaki transform method. Besides, the graphs of the solutions are plotted in the MAPLE software. Also, absolute error comparison of homotopy perturbation Elzaki transform method and homotopy perturbation Sumudu transform method solutions with the exact solution of nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equations is presented. In addition, this absolute error comparison is indicated in the tables. The novelty of this article is the first analysis of both the gas dynamics equation of Caputo fractional order and the Klein-Gordon equation of Caputo fractional order via this method. Thus, homotopy perturbation Elzaki transform method is quick and effective in obtaining the analytical solutions of time-fractional partial differential equations.
A study on high-dose dexamethasone versus prednisolone as frontline therapy in newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia in children
Authors: Bhattacharya Subham , Ray Siddhartha Sankar , Chakrabarti Prantar , Sabui Tapas , Sadhukhan Sanjoy Kumar , Bhattacharyya Maitreyee
Published: January 2022

Objectives:

Treatment for children with newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) includes corticosteroids, out of which prednisolone is commonly used. High-dose dexamethasone (HD-DXM) treatment for children with newly diagnosed ITP can produce better outcomes than prednisone, as stated by many studies. A few articles compare HD-DXM and prednisolone as frontline therapies in newly diagnosed adult ITP but data on pediatric ITP comparing these two drugs are scarce.

Material and Methods:

It was a randomized, prospective, and cohort study. After enrolment, checking the inclusion and exclusion criteria, each child was randomly distributed into two groups; one cohort was treated with HD-DXM in the dose of 40 mg/m2 (maximum daily dose 40 mg) for 4 days once every 28 days for three cycles; and one with prednisolone in the dose of 2 mg/kg/day (maximum 60 mg/day) for 2 weeks, with quick tapering. A total of 42 children were enrolled, 21 in each cohort.

Results:

The overall response (OR) was 42.9% with HD-DXM therapy. The OR and median time to response were similar in both HD-DXM and prednisolone cohorts. There was also no significant difference in incidences of adverse effects between the two cohorts.

Conclusion:

Thus, this study confirms that HD-DXM is a safe, effective, and non-inferior option compared to prednisolone as frontline therapy in newly diagnosed ITP in children.
Immunological safety assessment of a single and repeated intra-articular administration of xenogeneic equine umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells under field conditions in young healthy dogs: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study
Authors: Garcia-Pedraza Elena , de Miguel Ana Gallego , Gomez de Segura Ignacio Alvarez , Pérez Antonio Portolés
Published: January 2022

Objectives:

The objective was to study the cellular immune response of equine umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (EUC-MSCs) in healthy dogs after a single and repeated intra-articular administration versus placebo in the right knee.

Material and Methods:

Sixteen dogs were randomized into two groups of eight dogs that received two intraarticular administrations of placebo or EUC-MSCs on day 0 and on day 28. Blood samples for the analysis of cellular response were obtained from the cephalic vein on days 0 for baseline data, 14, 28 (before the second administration), 42, and 56. A cellular response assay was made through the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT tetrazolium) method.

Results:

No cytotoxic reaction occurred between lymphocytes and EUC-MSC demonstrating the safety of EUCMSCs administration in dogs.

Conclusion:

Overall these results suggest that the administration of EUC-MSCs can be considered as safe.
Surgical treatment of concomitant convergent non-accommodative strabismus in children using an optimized individual dosage regimen «STRABO soft»
Authors:   Clinical Association «Clear Vision» Center for Children and Adolescents» of the Russian Academy of Medical and Technical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Aznauryan I.E. , Shpak A.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Balasanyan V.O. ,   Clinical Association «Clear Vision» Center for Children and Adolescents» of the Russian Academy of Medical and Technical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Uzuev M.I. ,   Clinical Association «Clear Vision» Center for Children and Adolescents» of the Russian Academy of Medical and Technical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kudryashova E.A. ,   Clinical Association «Clear Vision» Center for Children and Adolescents» of the Russian Academy of Medical and Technical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

Purpose. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the individual dosing scheme «STRABO soft» in surgeries on the oculomotor muscles in children with convergent concomitant nonaccommodative strabismus. Material and methods. A total of 115 children with convergent concomitant non-accommodative strabismus were examined. The main group consisted of 58 patients who underwent surgery according to the new «STRABO soft» scheme. The comparison group consisted of 57 patients with similar clinical and demographic characteristics, operated on according to the previously used dosing scheme «STRABO». Results. After the operation, with the use of orthoptic, pleoptic and diploptic therapy, binocular vision was obtained in 93–95% of patients in both groups. In the presence of a fusion, the forecast was quite accurate in both groups: the deviation was within the acceptable 5° in all cases. In children without a fusion, the prediction accuracy was significantly higher in the main group (P=0.023): the deviation did not exceed 5°, while in the comparison group it reached 6–7° in five and 9° in one case. The median deviation from the prediction of the dosing regimen (in absolute value) was significantly less in the main group (р=0.017). Conclusion. The individual dosing scheme «STRABO soft» is highly effective in the treatment of convergent concomitant nonaccommodative strabismus in children. Compared to the previous «STRABO» scheme, it provides a significantly higher predictive accuracy of the residual strabismus angle in patients without fusion before surgery. Key words: convergent concomitant strabismus, nonaccommodative, recession, resection, plication, dosing.
The content of nucleoside monophosphates in uveitis
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Komarov O.S. , Obrubov S.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Komarova M.O. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

Goal. The study of the content of cyclic nucleotides in the eye tissues both in normal and in experimental conditions of toxic-allergic uveitis and the assessment of their possible impact on the development of the pathological process. Material and methods. The concentration of cAMP and cGMP in the eye tissues of experimental animals (rabbits) was determined using standard Amerscham kits by radioimmune method. The samples were counted on a Mark III counter. The results were processed according to the Student's method. Results. A significant decrease in the concentration of cAMP in the cornea, retina and vasculature of the rabbit's eye was found, which significantly affects the processes of catabolism and energy production. The content of another messenger cGMP in the same tissues is also reduced, and this suppresses the processes of cell proliferation. Conclusion. The results obtained add significant new elements to the picture of uveitis development, which should be considered when developing sound approaches to its effective treatment. Key words: cyclic nucleotides, uveitis, regulation of metabolism, cAMP, cGMP, eye tissues.
Eye burns with a lithium-ion battery
Authors:   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russian Federation, Kolesnikov A.V. , Kirsanova I.V. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russian Federation, Averina M.M. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russian Federation, Tumanova N.S. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

A clinical case of a child with a thermochemical burn of the cornea and conjunctiva, which occurred when particles of a lithium-ion battery got into the eyes, is presented. In the described case, a favorable outcome was observed due to the early provision of first and emergency medical care, as well as the high regenerative ability of the child’s cornea. Key words: thermochemical eye burn, lithium-ion battery, corneal burn, corneal erosion.
Occlusive therapy as a method of improving visual functions in children undergoing treatment for retinoblastoma
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Kotelnikova A.V. , Volodin D.P. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Yarovaya V.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Chochaeva A.M. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Yarovoy A.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow
Published: January 2022

This review is devoted to occlusion therapy which is used to improve visual functions in children with retina affected by the treatment of retinoblastoma. There are listed the most used eye patch covering regimes, effectiveness and complications of such method. Overall, in most cases occlusion therapy provides improving of visual functions in this group of patients. Key words: occlusion therapy, retinoblastoma, eye patch, visual function in children.
Some aspects of ocular and oculocutaneous albinism
Authors:   Federal State Institution «Kuban State Medical University» Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Komarovskikh E.N. , Delger A.H. ,   State Healthcare Institution of the Republic of Tyva «City Polyclinic», Kyzyl, Russian Federation, Podtynnykh E.V. ,   Krasnodar Branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

The article provides an overview of the literature on the aspects of eye and eye albinism, as the epidemiology of hereditary diseases is an important tool for describing the level of genetic health of populations. Albinism refers to diseases of amino acid metabolism, which is based on a hereditary or resulting from mutations defect of metabolism of melanin. The relevance of the research is due to the significant decrease in visual acuity characteristic of this pathology, leading to a violation of the patient's quality of life and disability. The role of melanin in the body is essential, but has not yet been fully studied. Along with other functions, melanin provides normal formation and development of the fetal nervous system. In the case of albinism there is an abnormal crossing of ganglion cells in chiasm, the number of unreconstructed fibers is significantly reduced, which causes a violation of the normal retinotopic organization of the lateral cranked nucleus. The article provides a classification of varieties of albinism, based on data from genetic studies and describes the phenotypic characteristics of these varieties. The syndromes of German–Pudlak and Chediac–Higashi, and a number of other disorders of melanin formation are mentioned. The review of literature has led to the conclusion that in modern ophthalmology and genetics to albinism include at least 10 forms of disease and a large number of syndromes with an associated decrease in pigmentation with characteristic clinical manifestations and types of inheritance. They are always based on a hereditary or mutation-related defect of the metabolism of melanin disease, and the symptom complex includes significant visual impairments that cause visual impairment, reduce the quality of life and require the creation of special conditions for the training and subsequent employment of patients, which makes the research of albinism in ophthalmology constant. Key words: congenital pathology, eye-skin albinism, eye albinism, melanin, tyrosinase.
May passive dispersal of fungal enemies with native substrates in olive nurseries help to control phytonematodes?
Authors: Hamza Mohamed Aït , Tazi Hafssa , Fossati-Gaschignard Odile , Moukhli Abdelmajid , Lakhtar Hicham , Ferji Zahra , Roussos Sebastianos , Mousadik Abdelhamid El , Boubaker Hassan , Mateille Thierry
Published: January 2022

Description of the subject. In Morocco, expanding agricultural sector under “Morocco Green Plan” will also introduce plant diseases and plant parasitic nematodes (PPN). Soil substrate used in most of the olive nurseries is potentially inhabited by PPN and natural enemies. Objectives. This work assessed the co-occurrence of PPN and nematophagous fungi (NF) in substrates and potential of NF to suppress PPN. Method. The diversity of PPN and NF genera was characterized in 305 substrate samples, isolated from 25 olive nurseries and functional activity (nematicidal and enzymatic) of NF was evaluated. Results. High PPN diversity was detected in the isolated samples and substrates were differentiated by NF activity. Global partition between PPN and NF diversity patterns confirmed prey-predator antagonism. Moreover, PPN-NF patterns depend on the fungal survival (saprophytes vs obligate parasites) and antagonism (predation vs toxicity) processes. However, even the NF strains with maximum fitness (growth, sporulation, enzymatic activity) were not inevitably the most effective against PPN. Consequently, it was hypothesized that predation and competition could be an adaptation process of NF to overcome environmental stress and exploit alternative or supplementary nutrient sources. Conclusions. The use of diverse native NF from cultivated and wild soils offer future prospects for the development of PPN management strategies in olive nurseries.
Formation of principles for the implementation of patriotic formations in the process of teaching history
Authors: Мухинова Н.А.
Published: January 2022

В статье рассмотрено воспитание патриотизма представляет неотъемлемую частьвоспитательного процесса. Эта тема являлась актуальной и в годы существования Российской империи,и в Советском Союзе, является она таковой и сейчас. В Федеральном законе «Об образовании»воспитание, определяется как: «деятельность, направленная на развитие личности, создание условийдля самоопределения и социализации обучающихся на основе социокультурных, духовно-нравственныхценностей и принятых в российском обществе правил и норм поведения в интересах человека, семьи,общества и государства, формирование у обучающихся чувства патриотизма, гражданственности,уважения к памяти защитников Отечества и подвигам Героев Отечества, закону и правопорядку,человеку труда и старшему поколению, взаимного уважения, бережного отношения к культурномунаследию и традициям многонационального народа Российской Федерации, природе и окружающейсреде». В таком варианте определение воспитания легло в закон после внесения поправки 31 июля 2020года. По инициативе президента В.В. Путина в тексте нормативно-правового акта появилось упоминание«чувства патриотизма и гражданственности, уважения к памяти защитников Отечества». Дляэффективного воплощения в жизнь внесенной поправки требуются огромные усилия как со стороныобщества, так и государства.

The article examines the education of patriotism is an integral part of the educational process. This topicwas relevant both during the years of the existence of the Russian Empire, and in the Soviet Union, and it is sonow. In the Federal Law "On Education", upbringing is defined as: "activities aimed at personal development,creating conditions for self-determination and socialization of students on the basis of socio-cultural, spiritualand moral values and rules and norms of behavior adopted in Russian society in the interests of a person, family,society and the state, the formation in students of a sense of patriotism, civic consciousness, respect for thememory of the defenders of the Fatherland and the exploits of the Heroes of the Fatherland, law and order, aman of labor and the older generation, mutual respect, respect for the cultural heritage and traditions of themultinational people of the Russian Federation, nature and the surrounding environment ". In this version, thedefinition of upbringing was included in the law after the amendment was made on July 31, 2020. On the initiativeof President V.V. Putin, in the text of the normative legal act there was a mention of "a sense of patriotism andcivic consciousness, respect for the memory of the defenders of the Fatherland." For the effectiveimplementation of the amendment, enormous efforts are required from both society and the state.
Implementation of the algorithm of medical and genetic counseling of parents of patients in a specialized center in the system of postgraduate education
Authors: Чернобровкина М.И.
Published: January 2022

В статье представлена разработанная модель медико-генетического консультированияпациентов и их родственников с врождёнными расщелинами лица, успешно внедрённая вспециализированном диспансерном центре для детей с врождёнными аномалиями развития тканейчелюстно-лицевой области города Санкт-Петербурга. Медик-генетическое консультированиепредставляет собой неотъемлемый аспект междисциплинарного алгоритма реаблитации детей сорофациальными расщелинами.

Effective genetic service for patients with left lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P) was launched in clinical centerfor treatment congenital birth defects. Genetic and medical counselling was integrated into interdisciplinaryclinical protocols in patients with orofacial clefts.
Methodological development of material on the latest English-language economic lexemes in the Chechen media
Authors: Исраилова Л.Ю. , Хазуева Б.А.
Published: January 2022

Общественно-политические процессы, происходящие в современном социуме на протяжениипоследних трех десятилетий, вызвали кардинальные изменения в жизни и мировоззрении граждан, чтоне могло не найти отражения в процессах, которые происходят в русском и, соответственно, чеченскомязыках. Учитывая активизацию международных отношений России с другими государствами и ведущимипозициями английского языка на мировой арене, вполне естественным является то, что русским языкомзаимствуется общественно-политическая и экономическая лексика английского языка. Данная статьяпосвящена новейшим англоязычным лексемам экономической тематики в текстах СМИ на чеченскомязыке. Заимствования данной тематической группы составляют самую многочисленную группу,поскольку англоязычные лексемы из экономической сферы начали функционировать в чеченском языкееще в конце ХХ века. Авторы выделяют англоязычные экономические термины, которые давно сталипривычными для чеченцев и уже не воспринимаются как заимствования (например: бизнес, бизнесмен,траст, маркетинг, менеджер и т.п.). Кроме этого, существует большое количество экономическихнеозаимствований, которыми активно пользуются в языке средств массовой информации, однако ониеще не вошли в обиход.

The socio-political processes taking place in modern society over the past three decades have causedfundamental changes in the life and outlook of citizens, which could not but be reflected in the processes thatoccur in the Russian and, accordingly, the Chechen languages. Given the intensification of Russia's internationalrelations with other states and the leading positions of the English language on the world stage, it is quite naturalthat the socio-political and economic vocabulary of the English language is borrowed by the Russian language.This article is devoted to the latest English-language economic lexemes in the texts of the media in the Chechenlanguage. Borrowings of this thematic group make up the largest group, since English-language lexemes fromthe economic sphere began to function in the Chechen language at the end of the twentieth century. The authorsidentify English-language economic terms that have long become familiar to Chechens and are no longerperceived as borrowings (for example: business, businessman, trust, marketing, manager, etc.). In addition,there are a large number of economic non-borrowings that are actively used in the language of the media, butthey have not yet come into use.
Methodological development of material on teaching financial management in higher educational institutions
Authors: Чаплаев Х.Г. , Батаева П.С.
Published: January 2022

Конституционная автономия университета и академическая свобода являются фундаментальнымиценностями Европейского пространства высшего образования. Они играют важную роль в обеспечениии повышении качества высшего образования в демократическом обществе. С одной стороны,институциональную автономию университета рассматривают как измерение демократии в качествебазовой характеристики академического сообщества, с другой – как средство повышения качествавысшего образования. Ключевым аспектом институциональной автономии является способностьучреждений высшего образования устанавливать и реализовывать собственную политику и приоритетыв преподавании, исследовании, а также других аспектах деятельности в рамках их миссии. С цельюраскрытия сущности понятия «институциональная автономия университета» в Европейскомпространстве высшего образования обратимся к анализу ключевых стратегических документов,определяющих приоритеты современного развития высшего образования.

The constitutional autonomy of the university and academic freedom are fundamental values of theEuropean Higher Education Area. They play an important role in ensuring and improving the quality of highereducation in a democratic society. On the one hand, the institutional autonomy of the university is consideredas a dimension of democracy as a basic characteristic of the academic community, on the other - as a meansof improving the quality of higher education. The key aspects of institutional autonomy are the ability of highereducation institutions to establish and implement their own policies and priorities in teaching, research, as wellas other aspects of activities within their mission. In order to reveal the essence of the concept of "institutionalautonomy of the university" in the European Higher Education Area, let us turn to the analysis of key strategicdocuments that determine the priorities of the modern development of higher education.
Analytic High-Order Energy Derivatives for Metal Nanoparticle-Mediated Infrared and Raman Scattering Spectra within the Framework of Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics Model with Induced Charges and Dipoles
Authors: Pei Zheng , Mao Yuezhi , Shao Yihan , Liang Wanzhen
Published: January 2022

This work is devoted to deriving and implementing analytic second- and third-order energy derivatives with respect to the nuclear coordinates and external electric field within the framework of the hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics method with induced charges and dipoles (QM/DIM). Using these analytic energy derivatives, one can efficiently compute the harmonic vibrational frequencies, infrared (IR) and Raman scattering (RS) spectra of the molecule in the proximity of noble metal clusters/nanoparticles. The validity and accuracy of these analytic implementations are demonstrated by the comparison of results obtained by the finite-difference method and the analytic approaches, and by the full QM and QM/DIM calculations. The complexes formed by pyridine and two sizes of gold clusters (Au18 and Au32) at varying intersystem distances of 3, 4, and 5 Å are used as the test systems, and Raman spectra of 4,40-bipyridine in the proximity of Au2057 and Ag2057 metal nanoparticles (MNP) are calculated by QM/DIM method and compared with experimental results as well. We find that the QM/DIM model can well reproduce the IR spectra obtained from full QM calculations for all the configurations, while though it properly enhances some of the vibrational modes, it artificially overestimates RS spectral intensities of several modes for the systems with very short intersystem distance. We show that this could be improved, however, by incorporating the hyperpolarizability of the gold metal cluster in the evaluation of RS intensities. Additionally, we address the potential impact of charge migration between the adsorbate and MNPs.
Reprocessing Zamak laryngoscope blades into new instrument parts; an ‘all-in-one’ experimental study
Authors: van Straten Bart , Tantuo Brian , Dankelman Jenny , Sperna Weiland Nicolaas (H.) , Boersma Bendiks-Jan , Horeman Tim
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Disposable instruments in healthcare have led to a significant increase of medical waste. The aim of this study is to validate the recycling of disposable Zamak laryngoscope blades into new medical products by using a new ‘all-in-one’ affordable reprocessing setup as alternative for die-casting. Methods: An “all-in-one” casting set-up was designed and built. Laryngoscope blades, recovered from two hospitals, were disinfected, melted and casted into dog-bones and into new instrument parts. The quality of the casted material was evaluated using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The mechanical properties were obtained by assessing the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) and tensile tests. Results: A recovery of 93% Zamak was obtained using a melting temperature of 420 0C for three hours. The XRF Spectro data showed higher Zinc and silicon concentrations when compared with Virgin Zamak. The dog-bones tests resulted in an average UTS, Yield Strength (YS) and Young’s Modulus (YM) of 236 ±61 (MPa), 70 ±43 and 9 ±3, respectively, representing 82%, 103% and 64% of the UTS, YS and YM of standard Zamak. Functional instrument parts with extensions and inner chambers were casted with a maximal shrinkage percentage of 1±1%. Discussion: This study demonstrates that the created “all-in-one” reprocessing method can process contaminated disposable Zamak laryngoscope blades into new raw base material and new instrument parts. Although material and surface properties can deteriorate, reprocessed Zamak still has sufficient mechanical properties and can be used to cast complex parts with sufficient dimensional tolerances and minimal shrinkage. Conclusion: A circular micro reprocessing method was designed and used to turn disposed laryngoscope blades into new basis material and semi-finished products. Follow up studies are needed to scale and optimize this process towards a functional alternative for die casting. It should be further investigated how this process can contribute to further medical waste reduction and a circular healthcare economy.
Optimization of approaches to the management of adult patients with severe atopic dermatitis: analysis of real clinical practice outcomes
Authors: Fomina Daria S. , Serdotetskova Sofya A. , Chernov Anton A. , Lebedkina Marina S. , Nurtazina Asel Iu. , Gadzhieva Mirada K. , Mukhina Olga A. , Bobrikova Elena N.
Published: January 2022

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial genetically determined immune-mediated skin disease. It is difficult to treat and significantly affects patients quality of life. The development of an integrated approach focusing on atopic multimorbidity, implementation of validated control tools and distinction of clinical parameters specific for different phenotypes of severe forms of disease is especially relevant to patients resistant to standard therapy techniques. Dupilumab, a biologic, is approved for the treatment of the resistant group of patients with moderate to severe AD in the Russian Federation. Dupilumab inhibits the functions of two key cytokines of T2-mediated inflammation IL-4 and IL-13. The article presents personal experience of the authors concerning individual approach to the choice of therapy for the management of this cohort of patients in routine clinical practice. The disease aggravating criteria were determined, which are fundamental for the formation of individual patient portrait for the biologic (dupilumab) treatment for severe AD.