bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROVING FACTS IN JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS: MEANINGS AND MECHANISM OF PROOF IN QANOON E SHAHADAT
Authors:   School of Law, University of Gujrat, Pakistan., Majeed Nasir , Hilal Amjad ,   Department of Law and Shariah, University of Swat Pakistan, Rashed Raja Muhammad Usman ,   Independent Researcher, Pakistan
Published: January 2023

The law of evidence is concerned with the relevancy and admissibility of evidence and the process of proof. It is generally thought that "evidence" is the only means of proof in Qanoon e Shadat, Order 1984 (from now on QSO). The objectives of the present study were to explore the meaning and means of proof in QSO. After deploying doctrinal research methodology and analyzing numerous judicial decisions and statutory provisions, the current research found two meanings of proof in QSO. Moreover, the study found that disputed facts in judicial proceedings may be proved with evidence, presumptions, judicial notice, judges' personal knowledge, demeanour and formal admission. The study also found that some means of proof involve the use of evidence, whereas, some means of proof do not involve the use of evidence. Similarly, the study also found that evidence is the major means of proof which can be used to prove any fact. On the other hand, other means of proof are meant to establish the existence or non-existence of specific facts and under particular circumstances. It is hoped that the present study will clarify the meaning and mechanism of proof scattered in various statutory provisions of QSO. Keywords: Judicial Proof, Means of Proof, Presumptions, Judicial Notice, Formal Admissions
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF GRATITUDE SCALE FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors:   Department of Applied Psychology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan, Shahid Alishba , Kazmi Umm E Rubab ,   Department of Applied Psychology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: January 2023

The study aims to explore the nature of gratitude in university students. To achieve this objective, this study was comprised of three phases. In phase 1, the nature of gratitude was explored through focus groups with university students and review of literature. Two focus groups were conducted to generate a comprehensive pool of items. Verbatim of participants was compiled in the form of statements (35 items) and dubious content was deleted from the list of items. Content validity of Gratitude Scale (GS) was established through experts (psychologists) ratings (N=4). Eight items were excluded from the scale through experts’ ratings. Pilot study was conducted on a student sample (N=20) to check the ease of understanding. In phase 2, construct validity was explored through exploratory factor analysis (N=300). Two factors emerged on 27 items and named as Gratitude towards Others and Gratitude towards Allah. In phase 3, psychometric properties of GS were established. Convergent validity (N=150) was explored through using Satisfaction with Life scale (Ghani et al., 2004) (r=.50, p<0.01). Discriminant validity (N=150) was explored using Depression Scale of DASS-21 (Aslam & Kamal, 2017) (r=-.23, p<0.01). GS is a reliable and valid scale for assessing gratitude among university students of Pakistan. Keywords: Nature, gratitude, life satisfaction and depression.
THE HISTORY OF REPRESENTATION IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: THE GENESIS OF A NEW LINGUA FRANCA
Authors:   Department of English, Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology, Kazmi Sarah Syed
Published: January 2023

The South Asian Subcontinent has experienced invasions from different directions. In the ancient period we see Sanskrit and Pali, Prakrit and proto -Hindi languages evolve. With the advent of the Muslim conquerors, Persian the cultural language of the Ajam, became the court and official language. There was a natural intermingling of both peoples with different language tradition and a local dialect first called Hindavi emerged. The word Urdu meant Cantonment in Turkish. Where exactly in South Asia Urdu began to be used and recognized has become a matter of scholarly contention, which is traced here. The British invasion and the subsequent foundation of Fort William in Calcutta in 1800 led to the dissemination of both Urdu and Hindi and the political interplay of languages. This article delves into the role of the colonial power in promoting a language or a set of languages. It further dilates as to how lending a religious veneer to a certain language by design can further bolster its power positioning, particularly if the language is common among the lower denomination of the economic strata. Urdu was variously known as Hindavi, Deccani and the later more exalted epithet; Urdu i Mualla. The Islamization of Urdu and the Sanskritization of Hindi unravel efforts aimed at bifurcating languages along socio-religious lines preponderantly by the colonial agency. Thus, the apparent patronage for indigenous languages on the part of the Orientalists turned out to be a colonial venture driven by the ulterior motive to prolong colonial foothold in the Indian Subcontinent and to mitigate chances of rebellion. The article deliberates upon the making of a new lingua franca in the then Subcontinent which was home to a host of multicultural and multiethnic communities. Keywords: Lingua Franca, Hindavi, Urdu i Mualla, Deccani, Fort William College, Multicultural, Multiethnic, Sanskritizarion, Islamization, Marginalization.
SOCIAL MEDIA AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: TRENDS AND EFFECTS STUDIES
Authors:   Department of Media and Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Shams Maham , Shahid Rao ,   Department of Media and Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Raza Syed Yousaf ,   Department of Media and Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan
Published: January 2023

The trend of using social media among university students has increased widely and it has also affected their different areas of life; be it social, psychological or academic. A large number of studies have been conducted on a similar topic, but these have not specifically covered the university students of Bahawalpur region of Southern Punjab. The researcher has selected various social media platforms to conduct a quantitative study. Thus, the current study aimed to explore the trends of using social media, its effects on multiple areas whether positive or negative and to investigate which social media platform is largely surfed. These objectives achieved within the domain of university students of Bahawalpur by employing the survey research method. For this, questionnaire was prepared using 5-Point Likert Scale. The sample size consisted of 300 students and convenient sampling technique was adopted. After collecting and analysing data, the researcher concluded that the university students are highly addicted to social media and major trends are to extend their social circle, to freely express themselves, to escape from hectic routine, and to get academic-related information. Facebook and YouTube are largely used by the students to search their academic stuff which remarkably increases their performance while some of the students reported disturbed sleeping patterns, eating disorders, loss of eye-sight, procrastination, wastage of time and cyber-bullying. In this scenario, we cannot blame technology for good and bad in itself, it depends on us for what purpose we are using it. However, this study has outweighed advantages more than the disadvantages. Keywords: Social Media, University Students, Trends, Effects.
A CORPUS-BASED ANALYSIS OF PREFABRICATED STRUCTURES IN PAKISTANI RESEARCH ABSTRACTS
Authors:   University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Pakistan, Malik Sabrina , Hussain Gulfam ,   Air University, Islamabad Pakistan, . Benazir ,   Karakorum International University, Gilgit-Baltistan
Published: January 2023

Prefabricated structures referred to as poly-word strings or lexical bundles are recognized as the fundamental building blocks in academic discourse. They build fluency in academic discourse, helping to shape coherence and meaning in a speech or text. For decades, lexical bundles have captivated a considerable amount of attention in corpus-based research in English for Academic Purposes. However, in the Pakistani context, less research has been carried out to explore lexical bundles in academic discourse. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine prefabricated structures employed in the scientific research abstracts of theses and articles from social and physical sciences. A specialized corpus was built from the 1200 research abstracts from social and physical sciences. AntConc software was utilized for the extraction of lexical bundles. Biber structural model of lexical bundles was employed as a theoretical framework. The study found 42 four-word lexical bundle types and 659 tokens in soft sciences. On the other side, the study found 55 four-word lexical bundle types and 950 tokens in physical sciences. Besides, this corpus-based study found 11 common core four-word lexical bundles in social and physical sciences. Moreover, the present study also contributed some new structures to the respective structural model of lexical bundles. If Pakistani science scholars are introduced with these lists of lexical bundles obtained from this study, their rhetorical practice of writing research abstracts can be significantly improved. The results yielded from this study can be substantially used for ESP and EAP further to enhance the academic discourse of the research scholars. Keywords: Corpus-based study, lexical bundles; physical sciences; research abstracts; social sciences.
A NEXUS BETWEEN RELIGION, PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE With special reference to “The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam”
Authors:   School of Religion & Philosophy,Minhaj University Lahore Pakistan, Tahir Ali Raza , Ali Zainab ,   Independent Researcher, Pakistan
Published: January 2023

Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938) (Iqbal, D. J. 1979) is a well-known Muslim theologian, philosopher, mystic, political theorist, politician, and wisdom poet of the 20th century. He is also known as the architect of Pakistan. He contributed in both the mediums of prose and poetry. His poetry is in both the languages Urdu and Persian. Similarly, he wrote and delivered lectures in both Urdu and English. His major philosophical work is in English. The magnum opus of his philosophical work is ‘The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam’. This book consists of seven lectures. In the beginning, in 1924, he wrote an article on the concept of Ijtihad. He delivered it as a lecture on 13th December 1924 in Habibia Hall, Islamia College Lahore. Sheikh Abdul Qadir presided over the address. This lecture was warmly welcomed by Muslim intellectuals all over the subcontinent. The representative of the Madras Muslim Association Saith Jamal Ahmad invited Iqbal to deliver a series of lectures under the above-said title. He wrote and delivered six lectures in Madras in January 1929 and later at Hyderabad and Aligarh University. The 1st edition of this book was published in 1930 with six lectures. In 1932/1933 he visited England to participate in the second round table conference. During his stay in England at the request of Aristotelian Society London, he delivered a lecture under the title ‘Is Religion Possible?’ Later on, he included the above-mentioned lecture in the second edition of this book. The 2nd edition was published in 1934 by Oxford University Press. The problem of the relationship between religion, philosophy, and science was a subject of special interest to him. Although he discussed this issue in his wisdom poetry also but he systematically addressed it in this book which is his major philosophical contribution. This article is an effort to critically appreciate Allama Iqbal’s views on religion, philosophy, and science from the perspective of his philosophical discourse. Key Words: Religion, Philosophy, Science, Civilization, Reconstruction, Revelation, Reason
FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION UNDER CENSORSHIP IN DEMOCRATIC PAKISTAN
Authors:   Department of Media & Communication Studies, The Islamia University Bahawalpur Pakistan, Iram Attiya , Shahid Rao ,   Department of Media & Communication Studies, The Islamia University Bahawalpur Pakistan, Shams Maham ,   Department of Media & Communication Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan
Published: January 2023

Freedom of expression acknowledged as a fundamental human right in all across the world. Freedom of speech is a defense shield of all rights and prerequisite for individual distinction. In Islamic Republic of Pakistan, freedom of speech is recognized as constitutional right which can be practiced by every citizen; however this right barely rehearses due to uncertainties and unreliability in the governance of a country. Pakistan has been going through with the authoritative and democratic form of governmental system. By misusing and taking cover of constitution, governments violated the internationally standards of human rights continuously since the day of independence. Unfortunately Censorship curbs the free space of Media, a place where different ideologies and diversity of approaches can be expressed without any restrictions. Throughout the history, censorship has been used as a tool to restrict the public awareness, keep an eye on public morality and to quiet the voices of opponents. The core argument of the study is, freedom of speech is primary factor which can strengthen the democracy. This study aims to analyze a political structure of Pakistan, challenges and also aim to distinguish the main factors and actors which has been an essence of subject paradigm. Also highlight the importance of free media without any censorship is a root cause of a progressive democratic culture. This study intends to enlighten the existing situation of freedom of expression in Pakistan. This study follows the qualitative form of approach examine the previous studies of different scholars to understand the power dynamics and draws out conclusion accordingly. Keywords: Freedom of Expressions, Democracy, Media, Censorship, Human Rights.
COMPARATIVE CEPHALOMETRIC AND 3D CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANALISIS OF ALVEOLAR BONE DESTRUCTION FOR TEETH IN ANTERIOR CROSSBITE
Authors:   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University - Plovdiv, Bulgaria., Krasteva Stilyana , Krasteva Silviya ,   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University - Plovdiv, Bulgaria., Georgiev Konstantin ,   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University - Plovdiv, Bulgaria., Krasteva Anzhelina ,   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University - Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To assess the degree of bone destruction for teeth in anterior crossbite by means of 3D cone beam computed tomography and lateral cephalometry. Material/methods: 20 patients with anterior crossbite underwent 3D cone beam computed tomography and lateral cephalometry of the anterior segments of the maxilla and mandible. The destruction of the bone in the anterior segments of the maxilla and mandible was measured (vestibularly and lingually)– the distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the top of the alveolar bone. The parameters of bone resorption for teeth 21 and 31 on cephalogramsand 3D computed tomography images were compared. For both incisors, the mean value registered by means of cephalometry was slightly higher than that registered with 3D. Results: The total mean value of bone destruction for anterior teeth was significantly higher vestibularly compared to lingually, both for the maxilla (p = 0.030) and mandible (p = 0.030). Significantly higher mean values ​​of bone destruction were found in the mandible compared to the maxilla. For both incisors (21 and 31), the mean value of resorption recorded by cephalometry was slightly higher than that recorded by 3D cone beam computed tomography, but without statistical significance. Conclusion: We found significantly higher values ​​of vestibular bone destruction compared to lingual bone destruction. Bone destruction in the mandible reached a significantly higher level than that in the maxilla. No statistically significant difference was found between the mean values ​​of bone destruction measured by means of cephalometry and 3D cone beam computed tomography.
Relato do uso de metodologias alternativas para o ensino de ciências da natureza no ensino fundamental
Authors: Silva Romeiro Sinara , Pinheiro Silva Verônica
Published: January 2023

Os jogos didáticos se apresentam como uma ferramenta de grande importância durante as aulas de ciências da natureza. O emprego de atividades práticas, como jogos quando usadas pelo professor de forma adequada em sala de aula, viabilizam a aprendizagem de novos conceitos e/ou conteúdos. Nesta perspectiva, é importante inovar e propor atividades que referem-se a conteúdos de ciências da natureza de forma simples, possibilitando aos alunos o protagonismo durante as aulas. Nesse intuito, o presente estudo visa trabalhar os seguintes temas: tabela periódica e meio ambiente (ciências da natureza). Para tanto, as atividades (jogos didáticos, cruzadinhas entre outras) foram realizadas durante o mês de abril do ano 2022 em uma escola pública do município de Medeiros Neto – Bahia, em duas turmas do ensino fundamental II: uma do 8º ano, com 25 alunos e uma do 9º ano, com 19 alunos. Constatou-se através da observação que os alunos interagiram e se mostraram extremamente participativos durante as aulas.
Photonic Time-Crystals
Authors: Segev Mordechai (moti)
Published: January 2023

Photonic Time Crystals (PTCs) are dielectric media whose refractive index is modulated periodically in time at time-scales of an optical cycle. These systems conserve momentum but not energy, and are characterized by momentum bands and bandgaps, where the amplitudes of their eigenmodes can increase (or decrease) exponentially. I will introduce the fundamentals of PTCs, discuss the topological features of waves propagating in PTCs, localization in PTCs containing disorder, and spatiotemporal photonic crystals. But more interesting than all the rest - I will discuss the classical and quantum features of light emission in PTCs from various radiation sources, such as free electrons, classical dipoles, quantum fluctuations, and the emission by atoms. The latter opens new avenues for making widely tunable lasers that extract energy from the temporal modulation of the medium.
Improved AI-based tool for radar image denoising
Authors: Aznavourian Ronald
Published: January 2023

A lot of applications are possible with AI: classification, to sort a lot of images in many different categories, denoising, to improve the quality of a signal or an image, and “generative”, to create a fake image which seems to be very real. Here, I propose to use an autoencoder to denoise radar images. In order to achieve this, I first propose to create an adequate dataset of 60,000 images to train the autoencoder.
Controlling vibration using resonance
Authors: Craster Richard
Published: January 2023

This talk will concentrate upon model elastic, mechanical and acoustic devices that have resonance as a key component and where grading or otherwise altering a parameter lead to interesting and useful effects. This includes focussing and redirecting wave energy. To further illustrate the control that it is possible to have over elastic waves and vibration an elastic orbital angular momentum device will be discussed that converts one wave mode into another.
Roton-Like Excitations in Metamaterials
Authors: Wegener Martin
Published: January 2023

We review our recent theoretical and experimental work on mimicking the famous roton dispersion relation of superfluid helium in rationally designed metamaterials. This especially includes three-dimensional non-local elastic and acoustic metamaterials with tailored interactions among the metamaterial unit cells beyond the nearest neighbors.
Light In complex Media: from imaging to computing
Authors: Gigan Sylvain
Published: January 2023

Scattering of light in heterogeneous media, for instance the skin or a glass of milk, is usually considered an inevitable perturbation or even a nuisance. Through repeated scattering and interferences, this phenomenon seemingly destroys both the spatial andthe phase information of any laser illumination. At the spatial level, it gives rise to the well-known “speckle” interference patterns. At the temporal (or spectral) level, a short pulse entering a scattering medium will see its length greatly extended due to the multiplicity of possible path length light can take before exiting the medium. From an operative point of view, scattering greatly limits the possibility to image or manipulate an object with light through or in a scattering medium. Multiple scattering is a highly complex but nonetheless deterministic process: it is therefore reversible, in the absence of absorption. Speckle is coherent, and can be coherently controlled. By « shaping » or « adapting » the incident light, it is in principle possible to control the propagation and overcome the scattering process. This concept has been exploited in the last decade to focus and image through and in complex media, and opens important prospects for imaging at depth in biological media. I will present some recent work from the group illustrating this possibility, focusing on non-invasive fluorescence imaging, and leveraging computational imaging concepts. I will also show how the random mixing induced by the propagation of light through a complex medium can be leveraged for various computational tasks, allowing the intriguing concept of computing with disorder.
A unifying perspective on many linear physics equations in inhomogeneous media
Authors: Milton Graeme
Published: January 2023

Following some past advances, we reformulate a large class of linear continuum science equations in the format of the extended abstract theory of composites so that we can apply this theory to better understand and efficiently solve those equations, and make use of minimization variational principles where applicable. The resolvent formulation can be rewritten in this form. Scattering problems also can be expressed in the desired form with an absorbing phase at infinity. The constitutive law of that phase replaces the Sommerfeld radiation condition (for acoustics) and the Silver-Muller radiation condition (for electromagnetism). The multielectron Schr ̈odinger equation can be desymmetrized and iteratively solved by going between Fourier and real space. Assuming pair-wise interactions in the potential, the Fourier transform only needs to be made on the coordinates of two electrons.
Bloch surface waves on a fiber tip
Authors: Eustache Clement
Published: January 2023

We present a nano-optical platform based on Bloch surface waves (BSWs) which covers the cleaved end facet of a multicore optical fiber and we demonstrate a multiplexing application. The platform is interfaced with the fiber cores using specially designed subwavelength gratings. A 16% coupling efficiency between fiber modes and BSWs is measured. Interconnecting various fiber cores and BSWs directly at the end of a multicore fiber opens the perspective of highly compact complex optical functionalities for the design of “smart fiber”. In counterpart, optical fibers provide a unique opportunity to obtain turnkey nano-optical functions addressing a vast application domain ranging from telecommunications to medical sensing.
From Topology to Devices
Authors: Huber Sebastian
Published: January 2023

The thrive towards the implementation of topological band structures in metamaterials has led to the discovery of a number of new physical phenomena in the realm classical waves. To implement the sought-after models with a specific behavior, new toolboxes had to be established. These new techniques now allow us to build devices with high-level functionalities such as voice recognition-based classifiers.
Eigenstates of Maxwell's equations in multi-constituent microstructures
Authors: Bergman David J.
Published: January 2023

The eigenstates of Maxwell’s monochromatic equations in a multi-constituent composite medium are developed and used to expand a physical field that is created either by an externally given current density or by an incident external field. The local electric permitttivity κ(r), as well as the local magnetic permmeability μ(r), are assumed to have uniform values in each constituent, but to differ in the different constituents.
A Localization Landscape Approach to Hopping Transport in Disordered Media
Authors: Thayil Abel
Published: January 2023

At low injection and low temperatures, electron transport in disordered semiconductors is dominated by phonon-assisted hopping between localized states [1]. This hopping transport is often studied using the Miller-Abrahams’ model [2] that requires a set of empirical parameters to define the hopping rates and the preferential paths between the states. Here, we show that this hopping network can actually be visualized through an effective potential derived from the localization landscape theory [3], and that the coupling between localized states is essentially supported along geodesics of a metric [4] deduced from the localization landscape. We compute the hopping rates and mobilities using this effective potential, and compare its predictions with the true eigenstate-based calculations. We numerically calculate how the hopping rates and mobilities vary with the strength and type of disordered potential, and demonstrate the applicability of the localization landscape theory in modeling hopping transport in a wide class of disordered systems.
Optomagnetism in plasmonic nanostructures
Authors: Karakhanyan Vage
Published: January 2023

Optically-induced magnetism has drawn considerable interest in the past years for its ability to speed up magnetic processes. For example, static magnetic fields have been demonstrated to be generated in non-magnetic plasmonic (gold) nanoparticles and nano-apertures [1]. Such a phenomenon has been analyzed as the result of the inverse Faraday effect. Inverse Faraday effect in plasmonic structures can be predicted with a hydrodynamic description of the free electron gas of a metal [2]. More generally, the hydrodynamic model provides reference equations for describing optical nonlinearities in plasmonic nanostructures [3]. It is usually admitted that the inverse Faraday effect (IFE) originates from the spin angular momentum (SAM) of light. We evidence that part of the IFE in metals is induced by the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light[4]. Using a simplified hydrodynamic model of the free electron gas of a metal, we theoretically investigate the IFE and resulting optomagnetism in a thin gold film as well as in axis-symmetric plasmonic nanostructures under illumination with various focused light beams carrying spin and/or orbital angular momenta [5, 6]. The resulting static magnetic field exhibits resonant behaviour and found to be maximum and dramatically confined at the corners and edges of the plasmonic structures, which reveals the ability of metallic discontinuities to concentrate and tailor static magnetic fields on the nanoscale. Plasmonics can thus generate and tune static magnetic fields and strong magnetic forces on the nanoscale, potentially impacting small scale magnetic tweezing and sensing as well as the generation of magneto-optical effects and spin-waves.
Spatial dispersion and the sign of the imaginary part of the permeability
Authors: Gralak Boris
Published: January 2023

The modelling of the magnetic permeability is addressed in the frame of spatially dispersive media. Different situations are analyzed: i) the hydrodynamical model; ii) the spatially dispersive effective parameters of a multilayered structure; iii) the electromagnetic energy in a medium described by a spatially dispersive permittivity tensor. All these situations support that, in passive media, the imaginary part of the permeability can take positive and negative values.
Non-catalytic applications of g-C3N4: A brief review
Authors: Sakkaki Milad , Arab Seyed Mohammad
Published: January 2023

The g-C3N4 which is well known as a polymeric non-metal semiconductor, has been fabricated by thermal polymerization. It has also been used in catalytic applications including, photo-catalysis, removal and degradation of pollutants in water, Friedel-Crafts reactions, oxygen reduction reaction and etc. It has drawn noticeable research attention due to its economical and affordable fabrication, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, good thermal and electrical conductivity, high hardness, Corrosion resistance, and fireproofing properties. Therefore, the g-C3N4 has found non-catalytic applications including composites, cutting tools, improving surface properties, light emitting devices, optical sensors, and solar cells. In the current review, the novel and non-catalytic applications of g-C3N4 have been highlighted.
Rene singolo congenito
Authors:   a cura del Gruppo di lavoro sulle malformazioni congenite dei reni e delle vie urinarie della Società Italiana di Nefrologia Pediatrica (SINePe)
Published: January 2023

In recent years, several studies have been published on the prognosis of children with congenital solitary kidney (CSK), but a worldwide consensus on management and follow-up is still lacking. Recently, the Italian Society of Pediatric Nephrology has published a consensus statement with recommendations for the diagnosis and management of the CSK. This article presents a compendium of the recommendations, including diagnostic approach, nutritional and lifestyle habits - with special attention to sports participation - and follow-up. Any antenatal suspicion/diagnosis of CSK should be confirmed by neonatal ultrasound (US), however the routine use of further imaging is not recommended. A normal CSK is expected to undergo compensatory enlargement, which should be assessed by US. In infants and children that show compensatory enlargement of the CSK at diagnosis, urinalysis is recommended but blood tests or genetic analysis are not. Extra-renal malformations should be searched for, in particular genital tract malformations in females. Protein and salt intake should not be restricted, but excess should be avoided. Sport participation should not be limited. A lifelong follow-up is recommended, tailored on risk stratification as follows: low risk - CSK with compensatory enlargement -, - medium risk - CSK without compensatory enlargement and/or additional malformations of the kidney or urinary tract - and high risk - decreased glomerular filtration rate and/or proteinuria, and/or hypertension -.
Contribuições da pedagogia de Darcy Ribeiro para a educação jurídica
Authors: Nogueira Jailson Alves
Published: January 2023

Neste artigo, analisamos as contribuições de Darcy Ribeiro para a educação jurídica brasileira. Inicialmente, compreenderemos os desafios, críticas e utopias enfrentadas por Darcy Ribeiro no contexto do sistema universitário brasileiro, com foco na sua trajetória enquanto intelectual que projetou a Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Posteriormente, apontaremos como a sua pedagogia pode contribuir para o fortalecimento da educação jurídica no Brasil. Para tanto, partimos de uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, realizando uma análise bibliográfica e documental acerca da temática investigada. Portanto, foi possível concluir que a pedagogia de Darcy Ribeiro pode contribuir para o fortalecimento metodológico e epistemológico da educação jurídica, sobretudo no que se refere à indissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão, educação humanizadora, emancipatória, plural, interdisciplinar.
Moralização da política e desequilíbrio institucional: alguns efeitos da atividade do Supremo Tribunal Federal para a democracia brasileira
Authors: Simon Henrique Smidt
Published: January 2023

Democracias liberais dependem de equilíbrio de poderes e acordos políticos, que, violados, arriscam direitos fundamentais, minorias, participação popular e governabilidade. Como essas condições são conteúdo constitucional, um meio de protegê-las é a jurisdição constitucional. No caso do Brasil, o sistema de governo desenvolveu-se em presidencialismo de coalizão: a governabilidade depende de acordos políticos, cabendo ao Supremo Tribunal Federal a fiscalização dos seus limites institucionais. Todavia, o tribunal tem tentado corrigir a política nacional, moralizando-a e modificando-a (conforme suas percepções). Esse comportamento leva a corte a extrapolar seus limites, tornando-se fator de instabilidade. Para sustentar tais percepções, este estudo caracteriza os conceitos de democracia liberal e de consenso; a relação entre presidencialismo de coalizão e democracia; a função política da jurisdição constitucional. Por fim, levanta algumas decisões e comportamentos relevantes para, em caráter exploratório, indicar que o STF tem desestabilizado a democracia brasileira.
A Justiça de Transição nas Nações Unidas: uma análise a partir do Conselho de Segurança e do Conselho de Direitos Humanos
Authors: Cunha Luis Emanuel Barbosa da , Almeida Manoel Severino Moraes de
Published: January 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o conceito de Justiça de Transição a partir do Conselho de Segurança e do Conselho de Direitos Humanos e como esses modelos são expostos com base nas particularidades funcionais de cada desses órgãos. A Relatoria Especial do Conselho de Direitos Humanos tem a forte preocupação de acomodar o debate sobre Direitos Humanos como referência primordial, enquanto o Conselho de Segurança baseado no paradigma da segurança e política internacional. Isso tem uma repercussão na atuação das Nações Unidas, demonstrando avanços e cautelas da Organização em relação às ações de Justiça de Transição de seus Estados-membros.
In A Tertiary Care Hospital, the Use of A Postpartum Intrauterine Contraceptive Device as A Method of Contraception
Authors: Ashraf Shazia , Bashir Munazzah , Yousaf Rubina Tazayyen
Published: January 2023

Objective: Aim was to assess the acceptability, safety, and efficacy of a post-partum intrauterine contraceptive device among patients. Study Design: Prospective observational study Place and Duration: AIMC / Jinnah Hospital, Lahore for the duration from January 2022 to August 2022. Methods: Total 190 pregnant women of age 18-42 years were presented in this study. After receiving informed written consent, gestational age, BMI, parity, socioeconomic status, and age were determined. All the patients received postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) either of normal vaginal delivery or C-section. Outcomes were assessed in terms of safety and efficacy among all cases. Frequency of complications among all cases were assessed. Results: There were 125 (65.8%) cases had age 18-30 years and 65 (34.2%) females had age 31-42 years. 110 (57.9%) cases had BMI <25kg/m2 and 80 (42.1%) females had BMI >25kg/m2. Majority of the females 145 (76.3%) were multigravida. Mean gestational age of the females was 37.2±13.89 weeks. There were 95 (50%) cases had poor socio-economic status. We inserted PPIUD in 128 (67.4%) cases of vaginal delivery and 62 (32.6%) cases of C-section after delivery. Adverse outcomes were found in 16 (8.4%) cases in which 4 cases were of expulsion of PPIUD, heavy vaginal bleeding in 9 females and 3 cases had infection. There was no any case found of perforation among all cases. Conclusion: In this study, we came to the conclusion that postpartum implantation of an intrauterine contraceptive device is an efficient, secure, reversible, and long-acting form of contraception. Keywords: PPIUCD, Normal Delivery, C-section, Complications
Frequency and Etiology of Zygomatic Complex Fractures in Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi
Authors: Naseem Syeda Bisma , Farooq Sidra , Iqbal Zafar , Ashar Faizan , Mehood Hira , Mahood Anum
Published: January 2023

Aim: To determine the frequency and etiology of zygomatic complex fractures in oral and maxillofacial trauma patients. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Oral and Maxillofacial department on 116 patients presenting with oral and maxillofacial trauma. Frequency and etiology of zygomatic complex fractures in these patients were determined. Frequencies and percentages were used for categorical data while mean and SD was calculated for numerical data. Chi Square test for applied for association between categorical data. Results: Mean age of the patients was 31.52±8.19. The frequency of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures in our study was 64 (29.3%). Most common etiology was traffic accident 16 (47.1%) followed by fall from height 11 (32.4%). Conclusion: Traffic accident was the leading etiological factor of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. Age groups of 20 to 30 years is the most vulnerable age group for zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. Keywords: Etiology, Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures, Oral and Maxillofacial trauma
A Case-Control Study to Analyze the Association Between the Frequency of Headaches and Depression or Anxiety in Patients Suffering from Migraine
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Kumar Dileep , Kumar Ameet , Kumar Ajay , . Lalchand , Mushtaq Hafeez
Published: January 2023

Objective: The present study aims at investigating the presence of depression or anxiety in patients suffering from migraine. Study design: A case-control study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, UAE from April 2021 to April 2022 Methodology: A total of 400 participants were included in this study. The stratification of migraine was done based on the frequency of the attacks, the presence or absence of the aura, and some other significant variables. Clinical data, such as sleep characteristics, and demographic data were collected. The multivariable linear regression method was employed for the examination of the frequency of headache attacks and their association with the symptoms of anxiety and depression, as per the indication given by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Subscales (HADS) and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: The score of BDI was highest in the patients with chronic migraine and it was 12.9±7.8. It was 11.8±8.1 in the patients with high-frequency migraine, 10.5±7.5 in the medium frequency, 9.2±7.2 in low frequency, and 6.4±5.5 in the non-migraine participants in the control group. The trend was significant (p<0.001). The results were similar for the HADS scores. HADS and BDI scores were related independently to chronic migraine frequency, high-frequency episodic, and poor quality of sleep. A relationship between the frequency of migraine and BDI was found in both aura-absent (p=0.029) and the aura-present group (p=0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant association between a higher frequency of headaches and depression/anxiety. This relationship is important in both types of migraine; ie with aura and without aura. Keywords: depression, anxiety, migraine, headache, frequency
An elementary proof of a theorem about the absence of cycles encircling the equilibrium state of the node-type
Authors: Ушхо Дамир Салихович
Published: January 2023

Дано новое доказательство теоремы о существовании или отсутствии замкнутых траекторий, окружающих отдельно взятое состояние равновесия типа «узел»

In the paper, we give a new proof of the theorem on the existence or absence of closed trajectories encircling a single equilibrium state of the “node” type
Development of a method for determining the geometric parameters of objects in an image based on a neural network approach
Authors: Бучацкий Павел Юрьевич , Онищенко Стефан Владимирович , Теплоухов Семен Васильевич
Published: January 2023

Рассмотрен процесс разработки метода определения геометрических параметров объектов, расположенных на изображении для задачи подсчета круглых лесоматериалов, размещенных в штабелях. С целью реализации метода используется нейросетевой подход с применением архитектуры сверточной нейронной сети YOLOv5. Разработанный метод был осуществлен на серии экспериментальных измерений с использованием специальных изготовленных моделей объектов с определенными размерами, в результате чего была определена точность измерения предложенного метода определения геометрических параметров объектов на изображении

In this paper, we consider the process of developing a method for determining the geometric parameters of objects located in the image for the task of counting round timber located in stacks. To implement the method, a neural network approach is used with application of the YOLOv5 convolutional neural network architecture. For the developed method, a series of experimental measurements was carried out using special manufactured models of objects with certain dimensions, as a result of which the measurement accuracy of the proposed method for determining the geometric parameters of objects in the image was determined
Frequency of different clinical presentations/ symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome in patients presenting to the outpatient department of lady reading hospital Peshawar
Authors: Khan Kamran , Sohail Muhammad , Fahim Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Sajjad , Gillani Syeddah Rubina , Rehman Ruqayya , Khan Noman , Alam Umair
Published: January 2023

In the absence of any structural aetiology, irritable bowel syndrome is a condition of gastrointestinal motility and sensation that is defined by persistent abdominal pain and irregular bowel movements. It is the communal reasons for gastroenterology consultations. Therefore, knowledge of the relative frequency of these symptoms in our population will enable healthcare practitioners to tailor their management to the symptom patterns of our population. Objective: To determine the frequency of different clinical presentations/symptoms (frequent stools, looser stools, infrequent stools, harder stools, abdominal pain) of irritable bowel syndrome in patients presenting to the outpatient department of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Place and Duration: In Gastroenterology outpatient department of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar for six months duration from 25th June, 2019 to 25th December, 2019. Study Design: A Cross-sectional Study. Methods: In this study a total 192 patients were observed. The patients were given a questionnaire containing questions about their clinical presentation including present and past symptoms. These questions were including details of how frequently they need to pass stools, consistency/form of stools (graded according to Bristol Stool Chart) as well as presence or absence of pain.
Crossroads of the academy: advice from a sometimes mistaken, but victorious trajectory
Authors: Aprahamian Ivan
Published: January 2023

An academic trajectory is marked by victories and defeats, hits and misses. Each trajectory is personal and unique. It’s common to find oneself at a crossroads, with no clear choice or segue to the next step. At such times, we rely on advice from mentors and peers. From this viewpoint, I discuss seven directives I believe to be important for everyone involved in academic life, especially those in biomedicine and young professors or researchers in geriatrics and gerontology: (1) be empathetic, (2) be available, (3) be studious, (4) be different, (5) be communicative, internationally, (6) always be a mentor and a mentee, and (7) be a leader (not a boss) as soon as possible. These directives have helped me over the past 20 years, and if someone had given them to me at the beginning of my career, I would have been much more successful and have enjoyed a much smoother, happier ride down this road, avoiding many wrong turns.
KONSEP DIAGNOSIS KESULITAN BELAJAR DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Mabruria Arni
Published: January 2023

Konsep diagnosis kesulitan belajar dalam proses pembelajaran merupakan sumbangsih pemikiran bagi dunia pendidikan untuk lebih peka akan pentingnya langkah kuratif dalam rangka usaha mengatasi kesulitan belajar yang dihadapi peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran. Sehingga harapannya melalui proses diagnosis kesulitan belajar yakni dengan melokalisasi letak kesulitan belajar dan mencari faktor-faktor yang diduga sebagai penyebabnya dan menentukan pemecahan permasalahannya mampu mewujudkan tujuan akhir pembelajaran yang optimal.
Upaya Mempersiapkan Kompetensi Supervisor Pada Guru Bimbingan Konseling Untuk Menghadapi Tantangan Pendidikan Islam Pada Era Society 5.0
Authors: Azwar Beni , Seprianto Seprianto , Hartini Hartini
Published: January 2023

Education is something that is important to humans because education teaches them how to deal with all the problems in the universe and keep their lives going. Teachers of guidance and counseling have a lot on their plates. In order for teachers to meet the challenges of Islamic education in the era of society 5.0, where students are required to be able to solve problems and think critically, it is important to improve the competence of supervisors in guidance teachers and counseling. Teachers must be able to guide their students to become human beings of development with a Pancasila spirit, then have professional honesty, and always be able to maintain good relations with their students, colleagues, parents of students or families, and the community and have creativity. The method in this study is descriptive with a qualitative approach, data collection in this study using observation, interview and documentation techniques. The results of this study are that in improving the competence of guidance and counseling teacher supervisors, the school principal has a very important role so that this can be realized. Some of the programs that have been designed and scheduled by the SMPIT Annida Lubuklinggau school principal include conducting class visits, conducting individual interviews and conducting evaluations related to guidance and counseling teacher performance reports.

Manusia perlu memiliki akses pendidikan untuk belajar bagaimana menghadapi semua masalah di alam semesta dan melanjutkan hidup mereka. Guru bimbingan dan konseling memiliki banyak tugas. Guru harus selalu dapat menjaga hubungan baik dengan siswanya, rekan kerja, orang tua siswa atau keluarga, dan masyarakat. Mereka juga harus mampu membimbing anak didiknya menjadi manusia pembangunan yang berjiwa pancasila., maka dari itu pentingnya dalam meningkatkan kompetensi supervisor pada guru bimbingan dan konseling supaya dapat menghadapi tantangan-tangan pendidikan Islam yang ada pada era society 5.0, dimana siswa dituntut untuk harus dapat memecahkan masalah, berpikir kritis dan memiliki kreatifitas.

Adapun metode dalam penelitian ini ialah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, pengumpulan data didalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah dalam meningkatkan kompetensi supervisor guru bimbingan dan konseling, kepala sekola memiliki peranan yang sangat penting supaya hal ini dapat terwujud. Adapun beberapa program yang telah dirancang dan dijadwalkan oleh kepala sekolah SMPIT Annida’ Lubuklinggau yaitu diantaranya seperti melakukan kegiatan kunjungan kelas, melakukan wawancara perseorangan dan melakukan evaluasi terkait laporan kinerja guru bimbingan dan konseling.