bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Miscibility of dual-species Bose-Einstein condensates
Authors: He Li , Zhang Tian-Qi , Li Ke-Xin , Yu Zeng-Qiang ,   College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China,   Institute of Theoretical Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China,   State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
Published: April 2023

The miscibility of quantum liquids is an interesting topic in many-body physics, which has been intensively investigated in 3He-4He superfluids and the mixtures of ultracold atoms. In the context of dual species Bose-Einstein condensates, the mean-field description has been well established, according to which, the miscibility condition is density independent and determined only by the ratio of inter- and intra-species interaction strength. Recently, Nadion and Petrov proposed that [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126 115301], in the vicinity of the mixing-demixing threshold, quantum fluctuations play an important role to affect the equilibrium stability, and as a result, the partially miscible state emerges. This new phase of quantum matter opens up new perspectives to explore the beyond mean-field effect in ultracold atomic gases.

In this work, according to the equation of state taking the Lee-Huang-Yang correction into consideration, we investigate the ground state phase diagram of repulsive binary Bose mixtures in the interacting regime suffering a weak mean-field instability. Under the thermodynamic balance conditions, the phase boundaries between the immiscible state, partially miscible state and the homogenous state are determined. For the equal-mass case, these phase transitions only take place on condition that intra-species interactions are in an asymmetric form. In terms of interaction parameters, we explicitly derive analytical expressions of the phase boundaries, which are appropriate to describe the transitions in sufficiently dilute atomic gases. At the quantum critical point, where the partially miscible state terminates, the susceptibility tensor of the density response exhibits a divergent behavior. For the unequal-mass case, the beyond-mean-field equation of state cannot be written in a compact form, thus the determination of the phase boundaries is more involved. By expanding the Lee-Huang-Yang energy expression to the terms linear in the concentration of the minority species, we analytically obtain the threshold density for the partially miscible transition. We also propose a discriminant function, from which the configuration of the partially miscible state can be identified for the given mass ratio and interaction strength. Applications of these theoretical results to experimental systems, such as sodium, potassium, and rubidium gases, are presented.
Effects of defects on electrical transport properties of anatase TiO2 polycrystalline under high pressure: AC impedance measurement
Authors: Wang Yue , Shao Bo-Huai , Chen Shuang-Long , Wang Chun-Jie , Gao Chun-Xiao ,   College of Physical Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China,   State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
Published: April 2023

The electrical transport properties of anatase TiO2 polycrystalline have been systematically investigated by using high pressure in-situ impedance spectroscopy measurements. The anomalous behaviors of resistance, parameter factor and relaxation frequency of grain and grain boundary can be found at 6.4, 11.5 and 24.6 GPa. The results indicate that the first two discontinuous points (6.4 and 11.5 GPa) correspond to the phase transitions of TiO2 from anatase to α-PbO2 and then to baddeleyite, respectively. Above 24.6 GPa, TiO2 completely transforms into the baddeleyite phase. Based on the change of grain resistance and grain boundary resistance under pressure, intrinsic defects play a crucial effect in the electrical transport properties of TiO2 at high pressures. At 6.4 GPa, the occurrence of phase transition gives rise to the variation of defects’ role, from a deep energy level defect (as a recombination centre) changes into a shallow energy level defect (providing carriers for the conduction and valence bands). In addition, the position of defect in energy band changes with pressure increasing. The phase transition of TiO2 at 6.4 GPa is the rearrangement of TiO6 octahedron, while the other one at 11.5 GPa can be attributed to the migration of oxygen Schottky defects from inner to surface. Combining the packing factor and relaxation frequency, the electrical transport properties of TiO2 under pressure are revealed, the packing factor and the relaxation frequency are closely related to the mobility and the carrier concentration, respectively. The activation energy of grain and grain boundary decrease with the pressure elevating, indicating that the transport of carriers in grain and grain boundary become easier under pressure, and the former is smoother than the latter owing to the activation energy of grain being smaller than that of grain boundary in the same pressure range. Moreover, the relaxation frequency ratio of TiO2 grain and TiO2 grain boundary decreases with pressure increasing, and the grain boundary effect under high pressure is not obvious.
Photovoltaic performance optimization of integrated perovskite/organic solar cells based on PM6:Y6 polymer non-fullerene system
Authors: Meng Jing , Gao Bo-Wen ,   Network and Educational Technology Center, Taishan University, Tai’an 271021, China,   Institute of Photovoltaic Materials and Building Integration, College of Mechanical and Architectural Engineering, Taishan University, Tai’an 271021, China
Published: April 2023

Integrated perovskite/organic solar cells (IPOSCs) based on CH3NH3PbI3/PM6:Y6(BTP-4F) are successfully prepared through process innovation and thin film optimization technology. The quality of CH3NH3PbI3/PM6:Y6 mixed films is greatly optimized, and the interlayer ohmic contact is obtained by regulating the additive DIO and annealing treatment. At the same time, the mobility of holes and electrons in the organic layer in the near infrared region are, respectively, 8.3×10–3 cm2/(V·s) and 8.8×10–3 cm2/(V·s), which can match the mobility of holes and electrons in the visible perovskite layer, achieving the carrier transport balance in the microscopic pathway. The device has high short-circuit current density Jsc and high filling factor FF. In addition, by optimizing the mass ratio of polymer non-fullerene system PM6:Y6 to form a film, the density of non-radiation recombination sites and carrier recombination in the film are significantly reduced, making the extraction and transport of electrons and holes more efficient, and providing greater driving force to improve carrier transport. At the same time, a wider depletion region is formed to inhibit carrier recombination and increase the open-circuit voltage Voc. The short-circuit current density of the optimized integrated solar cell increases to 25.88 A/cm2, the open-circuit voltage Voc increases to 1.18 V, the filling factor FF reaches 80%, the optical response expands to 950 nm, the external quantum efficiency reaches 90% in the visible region, and the optimal energy conversion efficiency is as high as 24.42%. This is one of the highest efficiencies reported in IPOSCs. The results show that it is an effective method to enhance the near-infrared light absorption of perovskite solar cells and improve the performance of IPOSCs by combining the materials in visible region and the polymer non-fullerene system in near infrared region and optimizing the device structure. It lays a theoretical foundation for developing high efficiency IPOSCs in the future.
ERK3/MAPK6 dictates CDC42/RAC1 activity and ARP2/3-dependent actin polymerization
Authors: Bogucka-Janczi Katarzyna , Harms Gregory , Coissieux Marie-May , Bentires-Alj Mohamed , Thiede Bernd , Rajalingam Krishnaraj
Published: April 2023

The actin cytoskeleton is tightly controlled by RhoGTPases, actin binding-proteins and nucleation-promoting factors to perform fundamental cellular functions. We have previously shown that ERK3, an atypical MAPK, controls IL-8 production and chemotaxis (Bogueka et al., 2020). Here, we show in human cells that ERK3 directly acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for CDC42 and phosphorylates the ARP3 subunit of the ARP2/3 complex at S418 to promote filopodia formation and actin polymerization, respectively. Consistently, depletion of ERK3 prevented both basal and EGF-dependent RAC1 and CDC42 activation, maintenance of F-actin content, filopodia formation, and epithelial cell migration. Further, ERK3 protein bound directly to the purified ARP2/3 complex and augmented polymerization of actin in vitro. ERK3 kinase activity was required for the formation of actin-rich protrusions in mammalian cells. These findings unveil a fundamentally unique pathway employed by cells to control actin-dependent cellular functions.
CRB3 navigates Rab11 trafficking vesicles to promote γTuRC assembly during ciliogenesis
Authors: Wang Bo , Liang Zheyong , Tan Tan , Zhang Miao , Jiang Yina , Shang Yangyang , Gao Xiaoqian , Song Shaoran , Wang Ruiqi , Chen He , Liu Jie , Li Juan , Ren Yu , Liu Peijun
Published: April 2023

The primary cilium plays important roles in regulating cell differentiation, signal transduction, and tissue organization. Dysfunction of the primary cilium can lead to ciliopathies and cancer. The formation and organization of the primary cilium are highly associated with cell polarity proteins, such as the apical polarity protein CRB3. However, the molecular mechanisms by which CRB3 regulates ciliogenesis and the location of CRB3 remain unknown. Here, we show that CRB3, as a navigator, regulates vesicle trafficking in γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC) assembly during ciliogenesis and cilium-related Hh and Wnt signaling pathways in tumorigenesis. Crb3 knockout mice display severe defects of the primary cilium in the mammary ductal lumen and renal tubule, while mammary epithelial-specific Crb3 knockout mice exhibit the promotion of ductal epithelial hyperplasia and tumorigenesis. CRB3 is essential for lumen formation and ciliary assembly in the mammary epithelium. We demonstrate that CRB3 localizes to the basal body and that CRB3 trafficking is mediated by Rab11-positive endosomes. Significantly, CRB3 interacts with Rab11 to navigate GCP6/Rab11 trafficking vesicles to CEP290, resulting in intact γTuRC assembly. In addition, CRB3-depleted cells are unresponsive to the activation of the Hh signaling pathway, while CRB3 regulates the Wnt signaling pathway. Therefore, our studies reveal the molecular mechanisms by which CRB3 recognizes Rab11-positive endosomes to facilitate ciliogenesis and regulates cilium-related signaling pathways in tumorigenesis.
New specimens and species of the Oligocene toothed baleen whaleCoronodonfrom South Carolina and the origin of Neoceti
Authors: Boessenecker Robert W. , Beatty Brian L. , Geisler Jonathan H.
Published: April 2023

Baleen whales (Mysticeti) are gigantic filter-feeding cetaceans possessing the unique soft tissue structure baleen and lacking adult teeth; Oligocene fossils have revealed a wealth of early diverging tooth-bearing mysticetes highlighting the transition from archaeocete ancestors to early toothless baleen-bearing eomysticetid whales. The archaeocete-like, toothed mysticeteCoronodon havensteinifrom the lower Oligocene Ashley Formation of South Carolina possesses a number of peculiar aspects of feeding morphology suggesting dental filter-feeding in the earliest diverging mysticete lineage. New fossils ofCoronodonare described in detail, including (1) supplementary description of the holotype skull and skeleton ofCoronodon havensteini; (2) description of two new juvenile skulls ofC. havensteiniand a partial skull and postcranial skeleton of an adult; (3) description of the new speciesCoronodon planifronsn.sp.; and (4) description of the new speciesCoronodon newtonorum. New specimens ofCoronodon havensteiniinclude a partial adult skeleton preserving new elements for the species including incisors, numerous upper premolars and molars, lower m4, scapula, lumbar, and caudal vertebrae, and two juvenile skulls with tympanoperiotics and teeth. Fossils from the overlying unit, the Chandler Bridge Formation, represent two new species:Coronodon newtonorumn. sp. andCoronodon planifronsn. sp.Coronodon newtonorumpossesses a concave-up alveolar profile, a mandibular condyle elevated far above the toothrow, and a gracile periotic resembling those of juvenileC. havensteini.Coronodon planifronsn. sp. possesses a horizontal supraorbital process, successively smaller upper molars, massively inflated periotic, and longer intertemporal region.Coronodon planifronsn. sp. preserves one of the most complete vertebral columns among toothed mysticetes, indicating nine thoracic vertebrae, ten lumbar vertebrae, and at least 20 caudal vertebrae. The column exhibits a somewhat stabilized caudal peduncle with enlarged lumbocaudal vertebrae, and rectangular terminal caudals indicate the presence of tail flukes. Juvenile skulls reveal several ontogenetic trends inCoronodon havensteini, including the anterior migration of the orbitotemporal crest, anteroposterior elongation of the intertemporal region, inflation of the body of the periotic, enlargement of the tympanic bulla, and continued postnatal emergence of the premolars and molars from their alveoli. Disarticulated skulls suggest a degree of rostral kinesis in this genus. Phylogenetic analysis of the largest assembled supermatrix of Mysticeti (n=138 OTUs; four archaeocetes, 10 odontocetes, 124 mysticetes; 391 morphological and 27,225 molecular characters) confirms placement ofCoronodonas the earliest diverging lineage of Mysticeti under equally weighted analyses whereas implied weighting placesCoronodonand similar taxa outside Neoceti, prompting a review of character transformations at the base of Neoceti.
Further notes on the typification of some species in Indigofera (Fabaceae)
Authors: Wilson Peter G
Published: April 2023

The typification of the names of three non-endemic species of Indigofera in Australia is revisited. Firstly, the uncertain typification of an introduced species, I. hochstetteri Baker, is considered; a previous, imprecise lectotypification is recognised and a second step lectotype is designated. Secondly, an earlier error in the citation of the type of another introduced species, I. sessiliflora DC., is corrected and specific details of the holotype are provided. Thirdly, a lectotype is designated for I. seticulosa Harv., a synonym of the widespread native species, I. colutea (Burm.f.) Merr.
Development and Data Storage of Sports Teaching Live Broadcast Platform Based on Mobile Device Edge Computing
Authors: Hong Pan Shao
Published: April 2023

Aiming at the problems of low computing power and limited storage capacity of mobile terminals, a lightweight identity authentication protocol suitable for mobile edge computing environment is proposed. This protocol combines cryptography with the security protection technology of the physical layer. The system is a web software system based on the Internet network, which provides both teachers and students with the necessary network teaching environment and related tools for online teaching. To integrate the text, graphics, voice and video document systems required for the course, relying on Yu Classroom, Xuetangyun, Chuangao APP, WeChat group and other platforms to create "theoretical learning + live teaching + MOOC video + online Q&A" four the integrated teaching mode has achieved teachers' teaching, students' independent learning and multi-channel interaction between teachers and students.
Multiple Game and Computer-Aided Evaluation System Design of Computer Software Legal Protection Policy
Authors: Li Qianyu
Published: April 2023

This article has deeply studied the two kinds of computer software legal protection policies ISO17799 and ISO13355, and analyzed the conceptual model and relational model of the multiple game. On this basis, the concept of computer-aided evaluation based on computer law is proposed, and a computer-aided evaluation system is designed, which effectively realizes asset evaluation based on multiple games and threat and vulnerability evaluation based on probability statistics. And on the basis of referring to the risk assessment process and based on the actual needs of the system, a highly operable assessment process that is convenient for computer implementation is proposed.
Multivariate Synergy Analysis of the Development Efficiency of Green Finance in China
Authors: Yang Jun
Published: April 2023

Based on the diversity of green finance, this paper analyzes the development of green finance in the stage of rapid economic growth and the stage of economic new normal development. Research shows that the overall level of green finance development in the new normal development stage of the economy is generally higher than that in the high-speed growth stage of the economy, but the development speed is relatively slow, even stagnant. The difference is that the development speed of the central region has broken through the bottleneck and is in a leading position. The development of green finance has significant structural and regional heterogeneity in improving economic resilience, and regions with fast industrial upgrading, strong technological innovation, and large development scale have stronger upgrading effects. The development of green finance has a strong impact on the economic resilience of eastern provinces, followed by central and western provinces. Through further analysis of transmission channels, it is found that green finance can affect macroeconomic resilience through technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading, that is, technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading play a partial intermediary role between green finance and macroeconomic resilience.
EL USO DE LA CONTRADICCIÓN EN LA OBRA LITERARIA DE SIMONE WEIL
Authors: Novoa Echaurren Alejandra
Published: April 2023

En variadas ocasiones, Simone Weil reconoce que la verdadera fuente de su pensamiento es la filosofía platónica. La autora concibe el método dialéctico no sólo como un modo de aprehender la realidad, sino como un camino espiritual para alcanzar la unión con Dios; fuente de todo el bien, superación de toda contradicción. A pesar de que Platón expulsa a los poetas de la pólis, sigue utilizando las metáforas y alegorías como formas de expresar la verdad. Weil, por su parte, reconoce en la poesía, y en el arte en general, un μεταξύ como acceso a la trascendencia y es su propia ambición tender este puente a través de su creación poética. De ahí que su poesía y el drama, Venecia Salvada, incluidos en la compilación Poèmes, suivis de Venise Sauvèe (1968), se encuentran atravesados por contradicciones, usadas tanto como recurso poético –antítesis y oxímoros– como escala de acceso a la verdad. En el siguiente artículo, analizaremos el uso de la contradicción en la obra literaria de Simone Weil como un puente de acceso a la trascendencia.
WhatsApp’ening in Orthopaedic TrainingA Cross-sectional Survey Assessing the Effectiveness in Communication between Orthopaedic Trainees in North-west United Kingdom Deanery
Authors: Patel Neelam , Unsworth Richard , Ajwani Sanil
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The North West Orthopaedic Trainees Association (NWOTA) WhatsApp group is a group set-up by the orthopaedic trainees and has been running for a number of years, distributing a wide range of information to orthopaedic residents within the North-west of England region. Aim: To look at the aspects of multimedia communication within the WhatsApp group. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey research was Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour (KAB) study, which assessed the various aspects of information posted within the NWOTA group via a questionnaire over a one month period in April 2020. The questionnaire was split into different domains of information posted within the group, and the residents were asked to rate the usefulness of this type of information from 1-10, with 10 being the most useful. The data collected was anonymised. A mann-whitney U test was used to statistically analyse the results for significance. Microsoft excel version 16.16.27 was used to calculate the results. Results: Fifty-five trainees, out of a total of 63, within the deanery responded, with an average experience of 3.4 years working as a specialist registrar. The highest scoring topics were updates on unofficial announcements such as, social events (mean score of 8.27), journal club advertising (8.24), and updates on deanery teaching (7.98). The topics scoring lowest were updates from more official announcements such as updates from the Training Programme Director (TPD) (6.24), updates on training (6.55) and finding out on-call registrars in different hospitals (7.16). Statistical analysis using the mann-whitney U-test confirmed a significant difference (p-value<0.05) in responses, when assessing the association between each combination of variables, the significant differences were seen in the extreme scoring variables that scored particularly high or low. Conclusion: The results showed that the orthopaedic trainees find WhatsApp to be a useful channel of communication for more unofficial announcements rather than official updates. With the advancements within social media and the increasing use of mobile phones, this may be an area for potential improvements within residency communications to improve speciality training.
Facial Diplegia as an Initial Presentation Section of Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Authors: Maddali Aravind Surya , Reddy Karri Vijaya Phani Vardhan , Kavi Suganya , Apikkatla Tumbanatham
Published: April 2023

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acquired immune mediated inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the peripheral nervous system. This case report is about a 30-year-old female who presented with unilateral facial palsy which progressed to bilateral facial nerve palsy without motor weakness of limbs. Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) analysis showed albuminocytological disassociation and Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS) of face showed decreased conduction velocity of nasalis and orbicularis oculi nerves. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (0.4 g/kg/day) for five days and showed complete recovery. The present case is reported due to its rarity in presentation i.e. bilateral facial nerve palsy in the initial days of presentation.
Correlation of Sagittal Abdominal Diameter and Other Anthropometric Parameters with Serum Leptin Levels in Young AdultsA Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kumar Pravesh , . Rahul , Dwivedi Anubhav , Agarwal Mayank , Verma Narsingh , Pandey Shivani
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Leptin is secreted in concentrations proportional to body fat mass. The anthropometric parameter among Sagittal Abdominal Diameter (SAD), Body Mass Index (BMI), Hip Circumference (HC), Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), and Waist-Height Ratio (WHtR) that correlates maximally with serum leptin levels could be used preferably to assess adiposity. Aim: The present study aims to correlate serum leptin levels with SAD, BMI, HC, WC, WHR and WHtR in young and healthy North Indian adults. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted jointly in the Department of Physiology and Biochemistry at the King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India from September 2015 to August 2016 and it included apparently healthy individuals, aged 18-25 years, native to North India, after obtaining an informed consent. A convenient sample size of 100 was taken. One investigator took all anthropometric measurements. (SAD, BMI, HC, WC, WHR and WHtR) RayBio human leptin ELISA kit was used for the estimation of leptin level. For statistical analysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The study involved 55 males and 45 aged 21.4±1.5 years with BMI 22.7±2.7 kg/m2 , HC 91.5±6.9 cm, WC 81.9±7.9 cm, WHR 0.9±0.1, WHtR 0.50±0.04, SAD 20.8±3.1 cm and serum leptin level 389.6±102.7 pg. Serum leptin level correlated significantly with HC (r=0.23, p=0.02), WC (r=0.29, p=0.003), WHtR (r=0.36, p<0.001), and SAD (r=0.56, p<0.001). A non significant correlation was obtained with BMI (r=0.15, p=0.12) and WHR (r=0.11, p=0.26). Conclusion: SAD is a better predictor of body fat and hence, cardiometabolic health than other anthropometric parameters in the present study, as it correlated most strongly with serum leptin levels.
Design and Development of an MRI Compatible Circuit Suitable for Pre-Clinical Physiological Monitoring in a 4.7T Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Eze B. E. , Akonjom N. A. , Bassey A. E.
Published: April 2023

As monitoring preclinical MRI is essential, it is important that the equipment used must be MRI-compatible. This is because interaction with an MRI radiofrequency (RF) transmitting field can cause RF burns due to inappropriate equipment. And non-compatible MRI monitoring equipment can give inaccurate readings in the MRI system if the equipment has ferromagnetic components. Preclinical MRI is designed for animals, the model used to study diseases related to humans. Animal models are imaged using a smaller scanner with high magnetic fields like the 4.7T. The main parameters of interest are the respiratory rate, the temperature, the pressure transducer and the electrocardiogram (ECG), this is because the animal model is used as a laboratory experiment for human disease. An MRI-compatible lead Ⅱ ECG simulator, with approximately 0.5 mV output amplitude was attached to the input of the ECG preamplifier to represent a small animal’s signal. The transmitted signal is the ECG, the pressure sensor, the temperature, and the battery (voltage), these are all linked to different channels (outside, near and inside magnet) and were acquired with the pressure sensor pad taped on a male adult volunteer’s thumb to record the human pulse of 70 bpm, which is similar to the respiration rate of an anaesthetized mouse or rat. The use of a signal gating generator should be explored in future work, this could make the monitoring parameters to be independent of the RF pulse influence. Finally, fibre optics should be included in the design process.
Reservoir Characterization using Petrophysical Evaluation of W-Field, Onshore Niger Delta
Authors: Lawson I. D. , Balogun A. O.
Published: April 2023

Reservoir characterization of W-field, onshore Niger Delta was carried out using petrophysical evaluation of well logs. Three reservoir sand intervals (A, B, C) were identified and correlated across four wells (W1, W2, W3, W4) in W-field using the gamma ray, while the fluid identification of each reservoir was achieved using the resistivity log. The reservoir C interval was selected and utilized for petrophysical interpretation was penetrated at depths 11741-11945ft, 11933-12173ft, 11658-11847ft and 11926-12095ft across all wells respectively.The average values of gross thickness, volume of shale, effective porosity, total porosity, permeability, water saturation and hydrocarbon saturation of the delineated reservoir sand are 200.5ft  for gross thickness, 18% for shale volume, 21% for effective porosity, 26% for total porosity, 1071.74mD for permeability, and 28% for water saturation and 77% for hydrocarbon saturation. Petrophysical evaluation revealed that porosity and permeability are very good to excellent in the field. The reservoir is classed as clean sands based on the high net to gross ratio (>70%) and the low shale volumes (<30%). Consequently, the low value of shale volume, low value water saturation, high value of hydrocarbon saturation and the good porosity and permeability properties of the reservoir of interest suggest economical and commercial quality and viability of the wells within this field.
Prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome in elderly attended in primary health care / Prevalência e fatores associados à síndrome metabólica em idosos atendidos na atenção primária em saúde
Authors: Santana Valentina , Medeiros Leite Mateus , Ramos de Lima Luciano , Schwerz Funghetto Silvana , Lúcia Moura Pinho Diana , Morato Stival Marina
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência de síndrome metabólica e sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas, antropométricas e estilo de vida em idosos atendidos na atenção primária. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 344 idosos em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde do Distrito Federal. Realizaram-se análises do perfil lipídico, glicemia de jejum e hemoglobina glicada. Foram avaliados dados sociodemográficos, hábitos de vida, pressão arterial, antropometria e percentual de gordura. Realizou-se regressão de Poisson para cálculo da razão de prevalência bruta e ajustada. Resultados: a prevalência de síndrome metabólica foi de 62,2%. A hipertensão arterial (RPajustada=1,31; IC95%=1,02-1,67), cintura aumentada (RPajustada=1,46; IC95%=1,21-1,76), hipertrigliceridemia (RPajustada=1,98; IC95%=1,67-2,34) e HDL diminuído (RPajustada=1,19; IC95%=1,03-1,37) foram significativamente associados à síndrome metabólica. Conclusão: a elevada prevalência de síndrome metabólica e sua associação com fatores modificáveis apontam para a necessidade de identificar e controlar precocemente os fatores de risco em idosos.
The Stories We Don’t Know
Authors: Andoh Joana E.
Published: April 2023

In this narrative medicine essay, an ophthalmology resident parses out the inherent bias of family history and urges clinicians to dig deeply to uncover family health histories of those who have limited access.
Association of Gaps in Health Insurance Coverage With Unmet Needs for Vision Care Among Adults in Ohio
Authors: Muhammad Mufida , Vang Johnny , Tumin Dmitry
Published: April 2023

Importance

Access to vision care is vital to diagnose and treat vision impairment and diseases. Previous studies found that currently uninsured adults have limited access to vision care. It is unclear whether a recent history (past 12 months) of gaps in insurance coverage likewise adversely affects access to vision care.

Objective

To determine whether gaps in insurance coverage within the past 12 months are associated with higher risk of unmet needs for vision care among adults in Ohio.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional study analyzed data for adults in Ohio from the 2021 Ohio Medicaid Assessment Survey (OMAS), which is conducted via web, telephone, and mail. Participants were residents 19 years or older who reported needing vision care or eyeglasses within the past 12 months.

Exposures

Insurance coverage over the past 12 months, classified as continuous private, continuous public, gap in coverage, or year-round uninsured.

Main Outcomes and Measure

Self-reported unmet need for vision care over the past 12 months.

Results

Based on a sample of 19 036 participants, we calculated that 4% of adults experienced recent coverage gaps (weighted total in the population, 180 259 of 4 518 841) while another 4% were year-round uninsured (187 552 adults). Unmet needs for vision care were reported by 13% (590 015 adults). On multivariable logistic regression, adults with gaps in coverage were at a higher risk of unmet vision care needs compared with adults who had continuous private coverage (odds ratio [OR], 2.9; 95% CI, 2.1-3.9; P < .001) or continuous public coverage (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.4; P = .001).

Conclusions and Relevance

This study found that gaps in health insurance coverage were associated with increased risk of unmet vision care needs among adults in Ohio compared with continuous private or public coverage. Policies that protect the continuity of health insurance coverage may help reduce the rate of unmet needs for vision care.
The application of gradient dose segmented analysis of in‐vivo EPID images for patients undergoing VMAT in a resource‐constrained environment
Authors: van Reenen Christoffel Jacobus , Trauernicht Christoph Jan , Bojechko Casey
Published: April 2023

The gamma analysis metric is a commonly used metric for VMAT plan evaluation. The major drawback of this is the lack of correlation between gamma passing rates and DVH values. The novel GDSAmean metric was developed by Steers et al. to quantify changes in the PTV mean dose (Dmean) for VMAT patients. The aim of this work is to apply the GDSA retrospectively on head‐and‐neck cancer patients treated on the newly acquired Varian Halcyon, to assess changes in GDSAmean, and to evaluate the cause of day‐to‐day changes in the time‐plot series. In‐vivo EPID transmission images of head‐and‐neck cancer patients treated between August 2019 and July 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The GDSAmean was determined for all patients treated. The changes in patient anatomy and rotational errors were quantified using the daily CBCT images and added to a time‐plot with the daily change in GDSAmean. Over 97% of the delivered treatment fractions had a GDSAmean < 3%. Thirteen of the patients received at least one treatment fraction where the GDSAmean > 3%. Most of these deviations occurred for the later fractions of radiotherapy treatment. Additionally, 92% of these patients were treated for malignancies involving the larynx and oropharynx. Notable deviations in the effective separation diameters were observed for 62% of the patients where the change in GDSAmean > 3%. For the other five cases with GDSAmean < 3%, the mean pitch, roll, and yaw rotational errors were 0.90°, 0.45°, and 0.43°, respectively. A GDSAmean > 3% was more likely due to a change in separation, whereas a GDSAmean < 3% was likely caused by rotational errors. Pitch errors were shown to be the most dominant. The GDSAmean is easily implementable and can aid in scheduling new CT scans for patients before significant deviations in dose delivery occur.
Improving the Defect Tolerance and Fatigue Strength of AM AlSi10Mg
Authors: Lehner Patrick , Blinn Bastian , Beck Tilmann
Published: April 2023

Additively manufactured structures reveal a poor surface quality and a high number of process‐induced defects in the surface‐near area, leading to a significant reduction of the fatigue strength. As laser‐based powder bed fusion (PBF‐LB) processes are used to produce topologically optimized lightweight structures with complex geometries, which cannot be fully machined, the influence of the process‐induced surface on the fatigue behavior needs to be analyzed. For this, also the interrelation of the surface‐induced notch effects with the surrounding material volume must be considered. As thermal treatments can also be applied to filigree components with complex geometries, in the presented work the influence of different heat treatments, i.e., stress relief annealing (SR) and artificial aging (T6), on the material properties, especially the defect tolerance, of AlSi10Mg manufactured via PBF‐LB is analyzed. Both heat treatments lead to a dissolution of the cellular Si‐rich network, resulting in decreased hardness and tensile strength, but higher fatigue strength. The increased fatigue strength results from a reduction of the process‐induced residual stresses, but mainly a strongly improved defect tolerance. Consequently, to evaluate the fatigue strength of additively manufactured materials, besides the materials strength and the process‐induced defects, also the defect tolerance must be considered.
Modeling and Re‐Examination of Nonlinear Vibration and Nonlinear Bending of Sandwich Plates with Porous FG‐GPLRC Core
Authors: Shen Hui-Shen , Li Chong
Published: April 2023

In this article, an inhomogeneous model is proposed to predict the material properties of porous GPL‐reinforced composite (GPLRC) and to predict the mechanical responses of a sandwich plate which consists of top and bottom metal face sheets and a porous GPLRC core. The GPLRC core is assumed to be multilayers, and each layer may have different values of porosity coefficient to achieve a piece‐wise functionally graded pattern. Young's moduli along with shear modulus of porous GPLRC core are predicted by a generic Halpin‐Tsai model in which the porosity is included. Thermo‐mechanical properties of both metal face sheets and porous GPLRC core are assumed to be temperature‐dependent. The governing equations of motion for porous sandwich plates are solved by applying a two‐step perturbation approach to obtain the analytical solutions for the two cases of nonlinear vibration and nonlinear bending of porous sandwich plates. Numerical studies are performed to compare the results obtained from the present model and the equivalent isotropic model (EIM). The results reveal that, for most cases, the difference of natural frequencies between two models is over 30%, and the vibration frequency–amplitude curves and the bending load–deflection curves are underestimated by using the EIM.
RuCu Nanosheets with Ultrahigh Nanozyme Activity for Chemodynamic Therapy
Authors: Yang Jian , Fang Le , Jiang Ruibin , Qi Lubin , Xiao Yating , Wang Wenxi , Ismail Ismail , Fang Xiaohong
Published: April 2023

Nanoenzymes have been widely explored for chemodynamic therapy (CDT) in cancer treatment. However, poor catalytic efficiency of nanoenzymes, especially in the tumor microenvironment with insufficient H2O2 and mild acidity, limits the effect of CDT. Herein, a new ultrathin RuCu nanosheet (NS) based nanoenzyme which has a large specific surface area and abundant channels and defects is developed. The RuCu NSs show superb catalytic efficiency for the oxidation of peroxidase substrate H2O2 at a wide range of pH and their catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km = 177.2 m−1 s−1) is about 14.9 times higher than that of the single‐atom catalyst FeN3P. Besides being an efficient nanozyme as peroxidase, the RuCu NSs possess other two enzyme activities, not only disproportionating superoxide anion to produce H2O2 but also consuming glutathione to keep a high concentration of H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment for Fenton reaction. With these advantages, the RuCu NSs exhibit good performance to kill cancer cells and inhibit tumor growth in mice, demonstrating a promising potential as new CDT reagent.
Flexible Electronic Skin Based on Silk/Polyurethane Composite Film Fabricated by Ink‐Jet Printing and Electrodeposition
Authors: Chen Fan , Li Xuyi , Liu Guoyi , Zhao Jizhong , Zhao Li , Shi Yifang , Shi Yuxia , Xu Zijie , Guo Wenxi , Liu Yufei
Published: April 2023

Natural materials have irreplaceable advantages in the preparation of in vivo/vitro electronic devices. However, most current fabrication techniques for flexible electronics are not compatible with natural materials due to mechanical and chemical stability issues. In this work, an ink‐jet printing and electrodeposition coupling technique is introduced to fabricate pattern electrodes on silk fibroin and polyurethane (SF‐PU) composite films. The addition of PU can improve the chemical properties of SF film while maintaining its considerable permeability and biocompatibility. Owing to such composite film, different pattern electrodes are successfully printed by ink‐jet printing technology. Subsequently, a layer of nickel (Ni) is electrodeposited on printed electrodes to protect and further enhance the conductivity the electrodes (<0.01 Ω cm−1). Based on these double‐layer pattern electrodes, an integrated protein‐based electronic skin (PPES) is developed for pressure distribution monitoring. This ink‐jet and electrodeposition (IJ‐ED) coupling technique is particularly beneficial to the manufacture of next‐generation in vivo/vitro bioelectronic devices.
Broadband Optical Amplification in Bi‐Doped Multicomponent Glass Fiber
Authors: Zhang Ke , Chen Jingfei , Dong Quan , Wei Tianxia , Wang Dazhao , Li Xueliang , Feng Xu , He Zhixue , Qiu Jianrong , Zhou Shifeng
Published: April 2023

Bismuth(Bi)‐doped photonic materials with broadband near‐infrared luminescence can be used in applications such as high‐capacity fiber communication, fiber laser, and biological imaging. The scalable fabrication of Bi‐doped fibers with high dopant solubility, high optical activity, and broadband optical response still remains a significant challenge. In this study, the comprehensive studies on the physical, chemical, mechanical, and optical responses of a Bi‐doped glass system are performed and a Bi‐doped germanate multicomponent glass system is proposed to be the promising candidate. The deactivation mechanism of Bi in a glass matrix is investigated and prevented by controlling the fiber drawing. In addition, a Bi‐doped multicomponent germanate glass fiber with a high level of Bi doping is successfully constructed. Finally, a principle compact fiber amplifier device is fabricated for broadband optical amplification. This device can be potentially used for increasing the capacity of telecommunication systems.
Advanced Cu/Polymer Hybrid Bonding System for Fine‐Pitch 3D Stacking Devices
Authors: Park Juseong , Kang Sukkyung , Kim Myeong Eun , Kim Nam Jun , Kim Jungkyun , Kim Sanha , Kim Kyung Min
Published: April 2023

Hybrid bonding enables the commercialization of ultra‐fine pitch high‐density 3D packages. Cu/SiO2hybrid bonding is the standard packing interface recently introduced in the industry. Herein, the Cu/polymer hybrid bonding interface beyond Cu/SiO2is proposed in order to have high compatibility for additional processes in the future. Ideally, polymers can provide excellent bonding strength and low permittivity, enabling high‐speed signal transmission with high reliability. To realize it, optimum polymer and additives selection and polymer bonding processing development are needed to get the desired packaging interface. Therefore, detailed materials and processing challenges are discussed to realize the successful Cu/polymer hybrid bonding. Then, the authors’ preliminary results are suggested to supplement the feasibility of the emerging bonding technology.
Lithium tert‐butoxide/DMSO‐mediated Rapid Synthesis of Naphthalenes, Benzofurans, and Indoles
Authors: Wang Zhihua , Cheng Ling‐Chao , He Xinglei , Ye Ke‐Yin
Published: April 2023

Herein, an efficient lithium tert‐butoxide/DMSO‐mediated rapid synthesis of naphthalenes, benzofurans, and indoles is reported. The anticipated aromatics and heteroaromatics are obtained in high yields within a few minutes, even in a decagram‐scale reaction.
Noninvasive Early Diagnosis of Allograft Rejection by a Granzyme B Protease Responsive NIR‐II Bioimaging Nanosensor
Authors: Chen Ying , Pei Peng , Yang Yiwei , Zhang Hongxin , Zhang Fan
Published: April 2023

Early diagnosis of allograft rejection helps to improve the immune‐related management of transplant recipients. The clinically‐used core needle biopsy method is invasive and subject to sampling error. In vivo fluorescence imaging for monitoring immune‐related processes has the advantages of non‐invasiveness, fast feedback and high sensitivity. Herein, we report a responsive second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) fluorescent nanosensor (ErGZ) to detect early allograft rejection. ErGZ allows ratiometric in vivo fluorescence sensing of granzyme B, which is overexpressed in recipients’ T cells during the onset of rejection. The sensor demonstrates efficacious detection of allograft rejection with high sensitivity and specificity, which accomplishes non‐invasive diagnosis of rejection in skin and deep buried islets transplant mice models 2 d and 5 d earlier than biopsy, by in vivo fluorescence imaging and urinary detection, respectively, providing a valuable approach for therapeutical management.
Multi‐layer 3D Chirality and Double‐Helical Assembly in a Copper Nanocluster with a Triple‐Helical Cu15 Core
Authors: Dong Guanglei , Pan Zhonghua , Han Baoliang , Tao Yunwen , Chen Xin , Luo Geng‐Geng , Sun Panpan , Sun Cunfa , Sun Di
Published: April 2023

Conceptually mimicking biomolecules’ ability to construct multiple‐helical aggregates with emergent properties and functions remains a long‐standing challenge. Here we report an atom‐precise 18‐copper nanocluster (NC), Cu18H(PET)14(TPP)6(NCS)3 (Cu18H) which contains a pseudo D3‐symmetrical triple‐helical Cu15 core. Structurally, Cu18H may be also viewed as sandwich type of sulfur‐bridged chiral copper cluster units [Cu6−Cu6−Cu6], endowing three‐layered 3D chirality. More importantly, the chiral NCs are aggregated into an infinite double‐stranded helix supported by intra‐strand homonuclear C−H⋅⋅⋅H−C dihydrogen contacts and inter‐strand C−H/π and C−H/S interactions. The unique multi‐layered 3D chirality and the double‐helical assembly of Cu18H are evocative of DNA. Moreover, the collective behaviours of the aggregated NCs not only exhibit crystallization‐induced emission enhancement (CIEE) and aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE) effects in the deep‐red region, but also efficiently catalyze electron transfer (ET) reaction. This study thus presents that hierarchical assemblies of atomically defined copper NCs could be intricate as observed for important biomolecules like DNA with emergent properties arising from aggregated behaviours.
Formal γ−C−H Functionalization of Cyclobutyl Ketones: Synthesis of cis‐1,3‐Difunctionalized Cyclobutanes
Authors: Fan Zhoulong , Strassfeld Daniel A. , Park Han Seul , Wu Kevin , Yu Jin‐Quan
Published: April 2023

1,3‐Difunctionalized cyclobutanes are an emerging scaffold in medicinal chemistry that can confer beneficial pharmacological properties to small‐molecule drug candidates. However, the diastereocontrolled synthesis of these compounds typically requires complicated synthetic routes, indicating a need for novel methods. Here, we report a sequential C−H/C−C functionalization strategy for the stereospecific synthesis of cis‐γ‐functionalized cyclobutyl ketones from readily available cyclobutyl aryl ketones. Specifically, a bicyclo[1.1.1]pentan‐2‐ol intermediate is generated from the parent cyclobutyl ketone via an optimized Norrish‐Yang procedure. This intermediate then undergoes a ligand‐enabled, palladium‐catalyzed C−C cleavage/functionalization to produce valuable cis‐γ‐(hetero)arylated, alkenylated, and alkynylated cyclobutyl aryl ketones, the benzoyl moiety of which can subsequently be converted to a wide range of functional groups including amides and esters.
Combining MN6 Octahedra and PN5 Trigonal Bipyramids in the Mica‐like Nitridophosphates MP6N11 (M=Al, In)
Authors: Ambach Sebastian J. , Pointner Monika , Falkai Sophie , Paulmann Carsten , Oeckler Oliver , Schnick Wolfgang
Published: April 2023

Layered silicates are a very versatile class of materials with high importance to humanity. The new nitridophosphates MP6N11 (M=Al, In), synthesized from MCl3, P3N5 and NH4N3 in a high‐pressure high‐temperature reaction at 1100 °C and 8 GPa, show a mica‐like layer setup and feature rare nitrogen coordination motifs. The crystal structure of AlP6N11 was elucidated from synchrotron single‐crystal diffraction data (space group Cm (no. 8), a=4.9354(10), b=8.1608(16), c=9.0401(18) Å, β=98.63(3)°), enabling Rietveld refinement of isotypic InP6N11. It is built up from layers of PN4 tetrahedra, PN5 trigonal bipyramids and MN6 octahedra. PN5 trigonal bipyramids have been reported only once and MN6 octahedra are sparsely found in the literature. AlP6N11 was further characterized by energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX), IR and NMR spectroscopy. Despite the vast amount of known layered silicates, there is no isostructural compound to MP6N11 as yet.