bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Broadband photon–magnon coupling using arrays of photon resonators
Authors: Bhoi Biswanath , Jang Seung-Hun , Kim Bosung , Kim Sang-Koog
Published: February 2021

We studied the broadband characteristics of photon–magnon coupling (PMC) between a yuttrium iron garnet (YIG) film and arrays of inverted split-ring resonators (ISRRs). To achieve photon–magnon interaction available in a wide frequency range, we optimized the geometries and dimensions of single ISRRs and their array structure by numerical simulations in order to manipulate the resonance frequencies, bandwidths, and signal gains. With those optimal ISRRs arrays, we then experimentally observed multiples of anti-crossing regions between the YIG's magnon mode and the coupled photon modes from |S21|-vs-frequency measurements under different strengths of externally applied static magnetic fields. It was found that the bandwidth of photon–magnon interaction increases up to Δƒ ∼ 2 GHz for the number of ISRRs with N = 4. On the basis of an electromagnetic classical model, we analytically derived coupling between a photon's multiple resonance modes and the magnon mode in broad-range frequencies, the data on which is in good agreement with the experimental observation of the anti-crossing dispersions of the ISRR–array–YIG hybrid. This robust hybrid system provides for more reliable control not only of multiples of photon and magnon couplings in a wide range of operating frequencies but also of the net coupling strength variable in the 30–90 MHz range at room temperature. This experimental finding reveals the potential for development of a new class of wideband resonators and offers guidelines for the optimal design of planar-geometry, broadband photon–magnon devices.
Nuclear quantum effects on autoionization of water isotopologs studied by ab initio path integral molecular dynamics
Authors: Thomsen Bo , Shiga Motoyuki
Published: February 2021

In this study, we investigate the nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) on the acidity constant (pKA) of liquid water isotopologs under the ambient condition by path integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) simulations. We compared simulations using a fully explicit solvent model with a classical polarizable force field, density functional tight binding, and ab initio density functional theory, which correspond to empirical, semiempirical, and ab initio PIMD simulations, respectively. The centroid variable with respect to the proton coordination number of a water molecule was restrained to compute the gradient of the free energy, which measures the reversible work of the proton abstraction for the quantum mechanical system. The free energy curve obtained by thermodynamic integration was used to compute the pKA value based on probabilistic determination. This technique not only reproduces the pKA value of liquid D2O experimentally measured (14.86) but also allows for a theoretical prediction of the pKA values of liquid T2O and aqueous HDO and HTO, which are unknown due to their scarcity. It is also shown that the NQEs on the free energy curve can result in a downshift of 4.5 ± 0.9 pKA units in the case of liquid water, which indicates that the NQEs plays an indispensable role in the absolute determination of pKA. The results of this study can help inform further extensions into the calculation of the acidity constants of isotope substituted species with high accuracy.
Anisotropic glide-symmetric substrate-integrated-holey metasurface for a compressed ultrawideband Luneburg lens
Authors: Chen Qiao , Giusti Federico , Valerio Guido , Mesa Francisco , Quevedo-Teruel Oscar
Published: February 2021

An anisotropic unit cell based on glide symmetry is proposed for tailoring a metasurface that engineers an optically transformed Luneburg lens. Thanks to the optical transformation, the size of the lens is reduced by 25%. The proposed lens is ultrawideband, and it covers multi-octave frequency bands. The required constitutive materials are achieved in an air gap bounded by top and bottom glide-symmetric metasurfaces; i.e., they are off-shifted by half the period. Each surface is implemented in standard printed-circuit-board technology, and its unit cell consists of a grounded substrate with an elliptical holey top cladding surrounded by metalized through-vias. This technology, known as substrate-integrated-holes (SIHs), mimics the operation of holes drilled in a parallel plate but provides the higher effective refractive index required for lens compression. The SIH is attractive for practical applications since most of the energy propagates in the air gap between the two surfaces and, therefore, it features low dielectric losses. Thanks to glide symmetry, the proposed metasurface demonstrates a further enhanced effective refractive index with lower dispersion over an ultra-wide bandwidth in comparison to its non-glide counterpart. A multimodal transfer-matrix approach is here employed to carry out the Bloch analysis of the proposed SIH.
Wild Mushrooming
Authors: Pouliot Alison , May Tom
Published: February 2021

Fungi are diverse, delicious and sometimes deadly. With interest in foraging for wild food on the rise, learning to accurately identify fungi reduces both poisoning risk to humans and harm to the environment. This extensively illustrated guide takes a 'slow mushrooming' approach – providing the information to correctly identify a few edible species thoroughly, rather than many superficially.

Wild Mushrooming: A Guide for Foragers melds scientific and cultural knowledge with stunning photography to present a new way of looking at fungi. It models 'ecological foraging' – an approach based on care, conservation and a deep understanding of ecosystem dynamics.

Sections on where, when and how to find fungi guide the forager in the identification of 10 edible species. Diagnostic information on toxic fungi and lookalike species helps to differentiate the desirable from the deadly. Wild Mushrooming then takes us into the kitchen with cooking techniques and 29 recipes from a variety of cuisines that can be adapted for both foraged and cultivated fungi.

Developing the skills to find fungi requires slowness, not speed. This guide provides the necessary information for the safe collection of fungi, and is essential reading for fungus enthusiasts, ecologists, conservationists, medical professionals and anyone interested in the natural world.
Secretive Slime Moulds
Authors: Stephenson Steven
Published: February 2021

Neither plants, nor animals, nor fungi, the myxomycetes are a surprisingly diverse and fascinating group of organisms. They spend the majority of their life out of sight as single-celled amoeboid individuals in leaf litter, soil or decaying wood, foraging for bacteria and other simple life forms. However, when conditions are right, two individual cells come together to give rise to a much larger, creeping structure called a plasmodium, which produces the even more complex and often beautiful fruiting bodies. Indeed, the fruiting bodies of myxomycetes are often miniature works of art!
Their small size (usually only a few millimetres tall) and fleeting fruiting phase mean that these organisms, although ubiquitous and sometimes abundant, are overlooked by most people. However, recent research by a few dedicated individuals has shown that Australia has a very diverse myxomycete biota with more than 330 species, the largest number known for any region of the Southern Hemisphere.
This comprehensive monograph provides keys, descriptions and information on the known distribution for all of these species in addition to containing introductory material relating to their biology and ecology. Many species are illustrated, showing the diversity of their fruiting bodies, and greatly facilitating their identification.
This book will give naturalists a new insight into an often overlooked group of organisms in addition to providing an incentive to search for the many species which have undoubtedly thus far escaped notice.
Effects of fluorinated solvents on electrolyte solvation structures and electrode/electrolyte interphases for lithium metal batteries
Authors: Cao Xia , Gao Peiyuan , Ren Xiaodi , Zou Lianfeng , Engelhard Mark H. , Matthews Bethany E. , Hu Jiangtao , Niu Chaojiang , Liu Dianying , Arey Bruce W. , Wang Chongmin , Xiao Jie , Liu Jun , Xu Wu , Zhang Ji-Guang
Published: February 2021

Significance

Lithium (Li) metal battery (LMB) is a very promising candidate for the next-generation high-energy-density batteries. However, its practical applications have been impeded by the instability of metallic Li in the state-of-the-art carbonate electrolytes. Localized high-concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) shed light for practical use of LMBs by generating stable, robust solid electrolyte interphase on Li. Here we investigate various types of fluorinated cosolvents as diluents for LHCEs to understand the correlation between the battery performance and the solvation structure and electrode/electrolyte interfacial chemistry. It clearly reveals that the diluent surrounding the highly concentrated salt-solvating solvent clusters accelerates/decelerates anion decomposition, tunes the properties of interphases, and subsequently influences the battery performance. These results can guide further development of advanced electrolytes for LMBs.
The poet’s wife
Authors: Ordóñez-López Pilar
Published: February 2021

In recent years, attempts have been made to unveil the role of women in the history of translation and have brought to light women’s contributions to translation, which had generally been overlooked in mainstream discourse on the history of translation. This study focuses on Zenobia Camprubí ’s (1887–1956) contribution to translation. Camprubí, the wife of the Spanish poet and Nobel laureate Juan Ramón Jiménez (1881–1958), translated literary and non-literary texts extensively from English into Spanish. In order to critically evaluate her impact as a translator, a thorough analysis is carried out, based on a mixed range of sources, such as newspapers, private correspondence, previous studies on Camprubí ’s work as a translator, and contemporary research on translation history. The results provide new insights regarding into the reception of Camprubí ’s translations at the time of publication (characterized by frequent comments with value judgments typically for women as well as unfounded questioning of her role as a translator), her unusual and distinctive (co-)translation method, and her presence in contemporary translation literature. Ultimately, this study reveals how, despite her undoubted commitment to translation, Camprubí never really stepped out of her husband’s shadow, which is, regrettably, the case of many other women translators.
Is interpreting of China’s political discourse becoming more target-oriented?
Authors: Pan Feng , Wang Binhua
Published: February 2021

Interpreting is an activity embedded in a particular socio-cultural context that underpins norms of interpreting. Adopting the descriptive translation studies approach, this study aims to find out whether the interpretation for the Chinese government by institutional interpreters is becoming more target-oriented in the decade of the 2010s in comparison with the 1990s. Through both quantitative and qualitative analyses of the Corpus of Interpreted Chinese Government Press Conferences in the 1990s and that of the 2010s, the study reveals that there is a significant increase in the total number of target-oriented shifts in the 2010s, manifested predominantly in “inserting hedges before propositional statements” and “modality shifts to attenuate ST’s categorical force.” Only minimal differences are found for the number of shifts in “explicitation of emphatic meanings,” “specification of Chinese source deictic lexis,” and “explicitation of implicit logic relations” between the two periods. The results thus indicate a general trend of becoming more target-oriented in interpreting, particularly a tendency to mitigate ST’s illocutionary force to a greater extent in the 2010s. Such changes in China’s institutional interpreting are correlated with the evolving socio-political context and the norms of institutional interpreting.
Comparison of physical activity levels among different sub-types of axial spondyloarthritis patients and healthy controls
Authors: Yuksel Karsli Tugce , Bayraktar Deniz , Ozer Kaya Derya , Oz Hande Ece , Gucenmez Sercan , Gercik Onay , Solmaz Dilek , Akar Servet
Published: February 2021

Objectives

The aim was to compare the physical activity levels among radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients, non-radiographic axSpA patients, and healthy controls and investigating the possible relationships between physical activity level and clinical features.

Methods

Thirty-four patients with radiographic axSpA (24 male), 33 patients with non-radiographic axSpA (23 male), and 35 age and sex-matched healthy controls (24 male) were included. The patients were assessed with Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index, Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia. Physical activity was measured by using an accelerometer (Actigraph wGT3X-BT).

Results

Physical and disease-related characteristics were comparable between groups (p > .05). Radiographic axSpA patients showed lesser physical activity compared to non-radiographic axSpA patients and healthy controls (p < .05). No difference was detected between non-radiographic axSpA patients and healthy controls (p > .05). Physical activity levels were correlated with different clinical features for each sub-type of axSpA. Decreased spinal mobility is the most correlated disease characteristic with lower physical activity level for both sub-types.

Conclusion

It seems that disease sub-type in axSpA may alter the physical activity levels. Increasing physical activity levels might need different approaches for different sub-types of axSpA.
Non-thermal plasma catalysis for CO2 conversion and catalyst design for the process
Authors: Xu Shanshan , Chen Huanhao , Hardacre Christopher , Fan Xiaolei
Published: February 2021

Catalytic conversion of CO2 to renewable chemicals and fuels is a promising approach to mitigate issues associated with climate change and energy supply deficiency. Hybrid non-thermal plasma (NTP) and catalysis systems, that is, NTP catalysis systems, enable the activation of stable CO2 molecules under relatively mild conditions in comparison with conventional thermal catalysis, and are promising for the energy-efficient conversion of CO2. This review presents the state-of-the-art development of NTP catalysis of CO2 conversion, including CO2 splitting and CO2 hydrogenation and reforming, with the focus on mechanistic insights developed forcatalytic CO2 conversion. Additionally, the role of intrinsic catalyst composition and structure in determining the selectivity of CO2 conversion under NTP conditions is also discussed in light of the need for rational design of catalysts for NTP catalysis. Finally, a perspective on future challenges and opportunities in the development of next-generation catalysts for NTP catalysis and the advanced hybrid NTP catalysis process for practical industrial applications are discussed.
Magnetic ground states of Ce3TiSb5, Pr3TiSb5 and Nd3TiSb5 determined by neutron powder diffraction and magnetic measurements
Authors: Ritter C , Pathak A K , Filippone R , Provino A , Dhar S K , Manfrinetti P
Published: February 2021

The R
3TiSb5 ternary compounds, with R a light rare earth (La to Sm) have been reported to crystallize with the anti-Hf5CuSn3-type hexagonal structure (Pearson’s symbol hP18; space-group P63/mcm, N. 193). An early article that reported possible superconductivity in some of these intermetallic phases (namely those with R = La, Ce, and Nd) caught our attention. In this work, we have now refined the crystal structure of the R
3TiSb5 compounds with R = Ce, Pr and Nd by Rietveld methods using high-resolution neutron powder diffraction data. The magnetic ground states of these intermetallics have been investigated by low-temperature magnetization and high-intensity neutron diffraction. We find two different magnetic transitions corresponding to two related magnetic structures at T
N1 = 4.8 K (k
1 = [0, 1/2, 1/8]) and T
N2 = 3.4 K (k
2 = [0, 0, 1/8]), respectively for Ce3TiSb5. However, the magnetic ordering appears to occur following a peculiar hysteresis: the k
2-type magnetic structure develops only after the k
1-type phase fraction has first slowly ordered with time and the size of the ordered Ce3+ magnetic moment has become large enough to induce the second magnetic transition. At T = 1.5 K the maximum amplitude of the Ce moment in the coexisting phases amounts to μ
Ce = 2.15 μ
B. For Nd3TiSb5 an antiferromagnetic ordering below T
N = 5.2 K into a relatively simpler commensurate magnetic structure with a magnetic moment of μ
Nd = 2.14(3) μ
B and magnetic propagation vector of k = [0, 0, 0], was determined. No evidence of superconductivity has been found in Nd3TiSb5. Finally, Pr3TiSb5 does not show any ordering down to 1.5 K in neutron diffraction while an antiferromagnetic ground state is detected in magnetization measurements. There is no sign of magnetic contribution from Ti atoms found in any of the studied compounds.
Direct position determination with phase error compensation for multiple targets using spatial sparsity
Authors: Wu Min , Yan Shefeng , Liu Songyang
Published: February 2021

Measuring the positions of multiple targets is key in many positioning applications. Utilizing compressed sensing theory, measurements using the sparse direct position determination (DPD) methods are more accurate than the two-step methods and the traditional DPD methods. Position measurement with mobile access points (APs) expands the network coverage, increases information throughput and reduces implementation costs, which motivates us to extend sparse DPD (SDPD) to the mobility-assisted positioning system. However, one of the most critical problems in mobility-assisted positioning is the model errors coming from the AP position and velocity uncertainty. The paper proposes a phase error compensation algorithm for the SDPD algorithm based on mobile APs. The algorithm makes two key technical contributions. First, a double iteration for

ℓ

2
,
1

-norm optimization is designed to compensate phase errors and recover target distribution maps simultaneously. Second, when the data collection is incomplete or irregular, the algorithm jointly integrates the global information of target distribution maps at different APs to improve the measurement accuracy. Experimental results indicate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
The structural symmetry of nanoholes upon droplet epitaxy
Authors: Li Xinlei
Published: February 2021

Nanoholes obtained by droplet epitaxy has been intensively investigated as an important material platform for the fabrication of nanodevices due to their unique topology. However, the final fabricated nanoholes are very difficult to achieve a highly symmetric circular structure, and usually have two or four gaps in the sidewall of the holes. Here we have presented a developed model to inquire into the reasons for the formation of the gaps at the periphery of nanoholes and discuss how to improve the structural symmetry of the nanoholes. It is found that the anisotropic interface diffusion of As atoms decomposed by substrate can result in the formation of the gaps. In order to improve the symmetry of final nanostructures, we can minimize the interval time between deposition of Ga droplets and open operation of As flux, and set up a multistep growth procedure by changing the intensity of As flux or growth temperature.
From nuclei to neutron stars: simple binding energy computer modelling in the classroom (part 1)
Authors: Pastore A , Romero A M , Diget C , Rios A , Leech K , Stokoe P
Published: February 2021

We present a simple activity based on the liquid-drop model which allows secondary school students to explore the uses of mathematical models and gain an intuitive understanding of the concept of binding energy, and in particular the significance of positive binding energy. Using spreadsheets provided as supplementary material, students can perform simple manipulations on the different coefficients of the model to understand the role of each of its five terms. Students can use the spreadsheets to determine model parameters by optimising the agreement with real atomic mass data. This activity can be used as the starting point of a discussion about theoretical models, their validation when it comes to describing experimental data and their predictive power towards unexplored regimes.
Acceleration of a ball down an inclined plane
Authors: Cross Rod
Published: February 2021

A standard problem for physics students is to calculate or measure the acceleration of an object down an inclined plane. Additional information can be obtained by measuring the angular acceleration as well as the linear acceleration. An experiment is described where a billiard ball was filmed as it rolled down an inclined plane at different inclination angles. The transition from rolling without slipping to rolling with slipping was identified, and the relevant friction coefficients were measured independently from the linear and angular accelerations.
An unsupervised 2D–3D deformable registration network (2D3D-RegNet) for cone-beam CT estimation
Authors: Zhang You
Published: February 2021

Acquiring CBCTs from a limited scan angle can help to reduce the imaging time, save the imaging dose, and allow continuous target localizations through arc-based treatments with high temporal resolution. However, insufficient scan angle sampling leads to severe distortions and artifacts in the reconstructed CBCT images, limiting their clinical applicability. 2D–3D deformable registration can map a prior fully-sampled CT/CBCT volume to estimate a new CBCT, based on limited-angle on-board cone-beam projections. The resulting CBCT images estimated by 2D–3D deformable registration can successfully suppress the distortions and artifacts, and reflect up-to-date patient anatomy. However, traditional iterative 2D–3D deformable registration algorithm is very computationally expensive and time-consuming, which takes hours to generate a high quality deformation vector field (DVF) and the CBCT. In this work, we developed an unsupervised, end-to-end, 2D–3D deformable registration framework using convolutional neural networks (2D3D-RegNet) to address the speed bottleneck of the conventional iterative 2D–3D deformable registration algorithm. The 2D3D-RegNet was able to solve the DVFs within 5 seconds for 90 orthogonally-arranged projections covering a combined 90° scan angle, with DVF accuracy superior to 3D–3D deformable registration, and on par with the conventional 2D–3D deformable registration algorithm. We also performed a preliminary robustness analysis of 2D3D-RegNet towards projection angular sampling frequency variations, as well as scan angle offsets. The synergy of 2D3D-RegNet with biomechanical modeling was also evaluated, and demonstrated that 2D3D-RegNet can function as a fast DVF solution core for further DVF refinement.
Is skin temperature associated with muscle recovery status following a single bout of leg press?
Authors: Ferreira-Júnior João B , Chaves Suene F N , Pinheiro Maria H A , Rezende Vitor H S , Freitas Eduardo D S , Marins João C B , Bara-Filho Maurício G , Vieira Amilton , Bottaro Martim , Costa Carlos M A
Published: February 2021

Objective. The measurement of skin temperature using infrared thermography has gained a lot of attention in sport and science since it might be related to the recovery process following high intensity, potentially damaging exercise. This study investigated the time course of the skin temperature response and the muscle recovery status following a resistance training session involving leg press exercise. Approach. Fourteen young male college students (19.9 ± 1.7 years, 176 ± 6 cm, 66.1 ± 7.6 kg, 21.1 ± 1.8 kg.m−2) performed one session involving 10 sets, of 10 repetition maximum each (RM), of unilateral leg press 45° exercise, performed to momentary muscle failure, with 2 min rest between sets. Perceived recovery, mean and maximum thigh skin temperatures, thigh muscle thickness, maximal isometric strength, muscle soreness, and horizontal jump performance were measured pre, 24, 48, and 72 h following exercise. Main results. The exercise protocol resulted in significant reduction in isometric strength, horizontal jump performance, and perceived recovery (p < 0.05). There was also a significant (p < 0.05) increase in muscle thickness and muscle soreness. With exception of jump performance, that recovered at 48 (p > 0.05), recovery parameters did not recover up to 72 h post-exercise (p > 0.05). Surprisingly, skin temperatures were not altered throughout the entire 72 h post-exercise period (p > 0.05). No significant positive correlation was found between skin temperatures and muscle thickness. Additionally, only one out of 16 correlation coefficients showed significant (r = −0.56, p = 0.036) inverse association between skin temperature and isometric strength. Significance. In conclusion, thigh skin temperature remains unaffected up to 72 h following a leg press exercise, and the time course response of thigh skin temperature was not associated with recovery status.
Notes on index of quantum integrability
Authors: Tian Jia , Hou Jue , Chen Bin
Published: February 2021

A quantum integrability index was proposed in Komatsu et al (2019 SciPost Phys.
7 065). It systematizes the Goldschmidt and Witten’s operator counting argument (Goldschmidt and Witten 1980 Phys. Lett. B 91 392) by using the conformal symmetry. In this work we compute the quantum integrability indexes for the symmetric coset models

SU
(
N
)

/

SO
(
N
)

and

SO
(
2
N
)

/

SO
(
N
)
×
SO
(
N
)

. The indexes of these theories are all non-positive except for the case of

SO
(
4
)

/

SO
(
2
)
×
SO
(
2
)

. Moreover we extend the analysis to the theories with fermions and consider a concrete theory: the

CP

N

model coupled with a massless Dirac fermion. We find that the indexes for this class of models are non-positive as well.
A proposal for assessing the uncertainty in the measurement of mean nanoparticle diameter with electron microscopy
Authors: Lira I
Published: February 2021

Of paramount importance in the field of nanotechnology is the ability to measure reliably the properties of nanomaterials, especially their size. In general, just an estimate of size is not sufficient: a quantitative indication of the estimate’s quality in the form of an assessment of its uncertainty is necessary as well. For example, standard ISO/IEC 17025:2017 (general requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories) stipulates that appropriate methods and procedures shall be used for laboratory activities and for the analysis of data, including the identification and quantification of all contributions to the measurement uncertainties. In order to facilitate compliance with requirements such as these, a procedure is proposed for assessing the uncertainty in the evaluation of the mean area-equivalent diameter of a nanoparticle population by scanning electron microscopy. We take as reference the general approach proposed in the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement, which is globally seen as the de facto standard for the evaluation of measurement uncertainty, and as such, it is normally required for accreditation. Thus, the proposed approach, primarily intended for guidance, will hopefully be found practical, understandable and useful. Ideally, it should be validated, and perhaps improved, through international intercomparison exercises.
Evaluation of blackbody radiation shift with 2 × 10−18 uncertainty at room temperature for a transportable 40Ca+ optical clock
Authors: Zhang Ping , Cao Jian , Yuan Jin-bo , Liu Dao-xin , Yuan Yi , Wei Yuan-fei , Shu Hua-lin , Huang Xue-ren
Published: February 2021

Blackbody radiation (BBR) temperature and its uncertainty mainly contribute to the BBR shift uncertainty, which is one of the challenges in most ion optical clocks. Here, an improved BBR temperature evaluation method based on the analysis of the effective solid angle of an ion trapping system using the finite element method is presented. To effectively suppress the BBR temperature uncertainty, the structure of an ion trap was optimized to reduce the effective solid angle of the insulating supports, and a BBR shield was employed to reduce the influence of the surrounding BBR in the newly developed ion trap system. Due to radiofrequency field, it is difficult to evaluate the temperature of BBR shield accurately using contact-temperature-sensors inside the vacuum chamber. We used a well shielded platinum resistance temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the shield from the outside of the vacuum chamber. Through a detailed evaluation, the BBR temperature uncertainty of this newly designed system is 0.17 K, corresponding to a BBR frequency shift uncertainty of 2 × 10−18 for the 40Ca+ optical clock. This improvement of the BBR temperature uncertainty using the active adjustment of the distribution of the effective solid angle of the ion trapping system, without a complicated cryogenic trap, is very suitable for transportable optical clocks operating at room temperature (∼295 K).
Analysis of Quality Control of Chicken Nugget Products by Using Six Sigma Method at PT. XYZ
Authors: Irawan Neldo , Ratnawati Anny , Dilla Salsa
Published: February 2021

PT. XYZ is a company that produces chicken nugget. The company faces quality problems, namely the discovery of defective products. The purpose of this research was to identify and analyze the factors causing the occurrence of defective products in the chicken nugget production process; analyze product quality and propose improvements in improving product quality. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observations and documentation conducted for 1 month on February 13, 2020 to March 13, 2020. The Six Sigma method chosen in this study as an approach to the problem that consists of 5 stages, namely, Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control. The value of Six Sigma for each process was 3.69 (Industry average in Indonesia) for the selection and preparation of raw materials, 4.1(Industry average in Indonesia) dough cutting process and 4.3 (Industry average in USA) for the coating process of cuts. The proposed strategy is divided into 6 short-term proposals and 4 long-term proposals. If this defect product problem is solved, it can maintain the brand image, reputation, profitability, and sustainability of the company. Some proposed improvements that have been applied were found to decrease the number of defects as much as 48% in dough cutting process and coating of cuts. In addition, the company could potentially maximize profits by by cutting losses by approximately 8 million rupiah/year.
YOLOv3_Slim for Face Mask Recognition
Authors: Jiang Xiaoming , Xiang Fugui , Lv Minghong , Wang Wei , Zhang Zhonghua , Yu Yi
Published: February 2021

The use of face mask is advised by World Health Organization (WHO) for preventing transmission of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is of great value to solve the multi-task object detection problem of non-wearing mask, wrong way wearing mask and standard wearing mask. In this paper, a network YOLOv3_Slim based on YOLOv3 is implemented. It’s faster than YOLOv3. Detection speed increased from 15.67 fps to 16.89 fps. In the mean time, we found the effect of the difference of inner class on the classification ability of the model. The large error of inner class will reduce the accuracy of the model and make the attention mechanism ineffective. So after changing the labels of the third data set, We add ECA module to our network. YOLOv3_Slim is more accurate than YOLOv4 in face mask recognition based on our data set. The mAP increased from 89.45% to 92.50%.
End-to-end bone age assessment based on Attentional Region Localization
Authors: Yang Chunde , Liu Qingshui , Li Zhangyong , Wang Wei , Li Xinwei
Published: February 2021

Pediatric bone age assessment (BAA) is an extremely important clinical method to investigate endocrinology, genetic and growth disorders of adolescents. The current deep learning-based BAA scheme generally feeds the images into the training model, but ignores the local details of the skeleton images and does not exclude the noise around the images. Many methods train segmentation or detection networks to exploit local information, but requires a lot of manual annotation and additional costs. In this paper, we proposed an attentional region localization method for BAA to automatically localize the hand region and local regions without any additional annotations. First, an attentional hand location module (AHLM) was used to obtain a clearer hand region, which eliminates the interference noise of the original image. Then an attentional region generation module (ARGM) was used to extract the local attentional regions with high discriminant features, which can help to optimize the entire network framework. We integrate the entire network into an end-to-end structure by jointly optimizing the network through a shared backbone and fully connected layers. The effectiveness of the proposed attentional region localization method was evaluated on an open dataset Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) with an average absolute error (MAE) of 6.14, which performs better than most existing methods.
An Exploration on Using Mobile Smart Terminals to Promote the Reform of College English Teaching and Learning
Authors: Zhao Jianglian
Published: February 2021

College English is a compulsory basic course for higher education in China. At the same time, handling a secondary language is a must-have under the globalization. However, the students’ English proficiency has always been unsatisfactory after so many years of teaching and learning. Meanwhile, in the era of information and data, Internet has not only changed our country’s economic model, but also brought a revolution in education. Nowadays, Every college student has a mobile smart terminal at least, and we can make full use of this device to improve the teaching methods and even implement it into classrooms. Based on this opportunity, this article explores how to use mobile smart devices to improve the traditional “teaching” and “learning” for non-English majors in universities.
Osteogenic differentiation system based on biopolymer nanoparticles for stem cells in simulated microgravity
Authors: Zhao Xiao-Hong , Peng Xue-Liang , Gong Hai-Lun , Wei Dai-Xu
Published: February 2021

An efficient long-term intracellular growth factor release system in simulated microgravity for osteogenic differentiation was prepared based on polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) nanoparticles (NPs) for loading of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) (defined as sB2-PLA-NPs and sB7-PHA-NPs), respectively, associated with osteogenic differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs). On account of soybean lecithin (SL) as biosurfactants, sB2-PLA-NPs and sB7-PHA-NPs had a high encapsulation efficiency (>80%) of BMPs and uniform small size (<100 nm), and showed a different slow-release to provide BMP2 in early stage and BMP7 in late stages of osteogenic differentiation within 20 d, due to degradation rate of PLA and PHA in cells. After uptake into hADSCs, by comparison with single sB2-PLA-NPs or sB7-PHA-NPs, the Mixture NPs compound of sB2-PLA-NP and sB7-PHA-NP with a mass ratio of 1:1, can well-promote ALP activity, expression of OPN and upregulated related osteo-genes. Directed osteo-differentiation of mixture NPs was similar to result of sustained free-BMP2 and BMP7-supplying (sFree-B2&B7) in simulated microgravity, which demonstrated the reliability and stability of Mixture NPs as a long-term osteogenic differentiation system in space medicine and biology in future.
Defining El Niño indices in a warming climate
Authors: van Oldenborgh Geert Jan , Hendon Harry , Stockdale Timothy , L’Heureux Michelle , Coughlan de Perez Erin , Singh Roop , van Aalst Maarten
Published: February 2021

Extreme weather and climate events associated with El Niño and La Niña cause massive societal impacts. Therefore, observations and forecasts are used around the world to prepare for such events. However, global warming has caused warm El Niño events to seem bigger than they are, while cold La Niña events seem smaller, in the commonly used Niño3.4 index (sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over 5∘ S–5∘ N, 120–170∘ W). We propose a simple and elegant adjustment, defining a relative Niño3.4 index as the difference between the original SST anomaly and the anomaly over all tropical oceans (20∘ S–20∘ N). This relative index describes the onset of convection better, is not contaminated by global warming and can be monitored and forecast in real-time. We show that the relative Niño3.4 index is better in line with effects on rainfall and would be more useful for preparedness for El Niño and La Niña in a changing climate and for El Niño—Southern Oscillation research.
A comparative analysis of different terrain correction methods based on Landsat-8 OLI data
Authors: Zhang Ying , Ai Yunfei , Su Fei , Su Hang , He Zhixian , Wang Changhai , Ying Jun , Zhou Minlu
Published: February 2021

The topographic effect has long been recognized as one of problems for quantitative remote sensing. The paper compares the correction results of OLI data based on C model, Cosine model, SCS model, Minnaert model and pixel-based Minnaert Correction Method. The visual inspection, statistical analysis and regression analysis of images were used to analyze the results before and after correction of image. The results show that the C model has a better correction effect. The Cosine model and SCS model were significantly overcorrected. However, C model, Minnaert model and slope-based Minnaert model weakened the influence of terrain. By comparative analysis, the C correction method was optimal model for OLI image.
Numerical analysis of influence of joint inclination on the stability of high rock slope with weak interlayer
Authors: Wang Lei , Qi Yuna , Wang Wei , Su Zhandong
Published: February 2021

In the mountainous area of southwest China, the horizontal layered steep slopes with weak intercalations are widely distributed. The stability of these slopes is often controlled by the weak intercalations and the dominant joint sets. Based on the strength reduction method, a representative numerical simulation model is established in this study, and the ubiquitous-joint model is adopted in which the properties of rock blocks and joints can both be considered, in order to analyze the influence of joint angle on slope stability and potential sliding surface of such slopes. The research results indicate that the joint inclination angle is closely related to both the safety coefficient and the potential sliding range of the slope. With the increase of joint inclination angle, the safety coefficient of the slope decreases, but the downward trend gradually becomes slower. The joint inclination angle also has an obvious influence on the sliding surface range of the horizontal layer slope with weak interlayer. The research results have certain guiding significance in the analysis of failure mechanism, hazard assessment and engineering prevention of this kind of slope.
Characteristics of fluid inclusions in the Alqal Copper-Lead-Zinc deposit, Xinjiang
Authors: Zhang Chenguang , Tang Xiangwei , Liu Kuisong , Zhou Hongxia , Yuan Dezhi , Guo Yueshan , Bao Junfan , Fan Jinwei , Zha Daohan , Yao Yuan , Ruze Yusupu , Shi Xingjun , Yan Yutong , Zhou Hongsheng
Published: February 2021

The Alqal Copper-lead-zinc deposit isl ocated in the Tarim plate of the Xinjiang. It has undergone multiple stages of tectonic mineralization and is an important deposit in the Kuslafu metallogenic belt of the West Kunlun area. Based on the analysis of the metallogenic geological conditions of the deposit, The composition of fluid inclusions in mining area was studied, The characteristics of metallogenic fluid are discussed. The results show that the uniform temperature of gas-liquid two-phase fluid inclusions in the Alqal deposit is between 145°C and 267°C, the average uniform temperature is 191°C; the salinity is 0.71% to 14.87%, and the average salinity is 6.33%. The estimated metallogenic pressure is about 135MPa, and the capture temperature is concentrated around 320°C. The ore-forming fluid has undergone multi-stage superimposed transformation, which is inconsistent with the characteristics of the typical MVT deposit, and it is a sedimentary transformation type deposit.
Reconstruction of Palaeoglacier in the Qugaqie valley in Nyainqêntanglha Range
Authors: Yao Jin , Chao-lu Yi , DanDan Xu , Nan Yang
Published: February 2021

Reconstruction of palaeoglacier is important for understanding the mechanism of palaeo-climatic change and predicting water resource in Tibet. The climate and water resource are sensitive to global change in western Nyainqêntanglha Range. However, the data of how glacier changed in its area and equilibrium line, particularly its volume are still in paucity. In this study, we generated the palaeoglacier landform map by field investigation and 3S (RS, GPS and GIS) technology, reconstructed the palaeoglaciers surface by glacial landforms and glacier model, accordingly estimated the ice volume and equilibrium line altitude (ELA), and then discussed the palaeo-climate during the last glacial maximum (LGM) in the Qugaqie valley. During the LGM, the Qugaqie glacier was about 18.5 km long and 102.1 m thick in average. It covered an area of 59.1 km2 and had a volume of 6.05 km3, which were 8.34 times of the area and 18.33 times of the ice volume of the modern glacier. The 75.3% of Qugaqie valley was covered by glacier. The palaeo-ELA was 5405∼5496 m with a depression of 400 to 300 m, which confirms Shi Yafeng’s point that an even global ELA lowering value of about 1000 m didn’t virtually exist.
Analyzing the wettability of tight sandstone of Taiyuan Formation in Shenfu block, eastern margin of Ordos Basin
Authors: Qin Qiang , Cheng Hanlie , Wang Minghao , Sun Ming , Zhao Li
Published: February 2021

Reservoir wettability is an important indicator in the study of multiphase fluids in oil reservoirs. It involves the migration of crude oil from source rocks to reservoirs, accumulation in the reservoirs, and the entire process of crude oil development. The distribution characteristics of the wettability of sandstone reservoirs can provide a certain reference for the analysis of tight sandstone oil migration and accumulation mechanisms, and the exploration and development of tight sandstone reservoirs. This paper measures the contact angle between oil and tight sandstone by using the hanging drop method. Using the KRUSS DSA100S video optical contact angle measuring instrument, 25 unwashed oil tight cores and 62 washed oil tight cores are tested, respectively. Experimental analysis shows that the contact angle of the tight sandstones of the Taiyuan Formation in the Shenfu block of the Ordos Basin ranges from 50° to 150°, and the sample contact angles are concentrated between 70° to 110°. The wettability of the reservoir is mainly of the intermediate wet type, followed by the water wet type and the oil wet type.
Remote sensing retrieval of chlorophyll-a concentration in the coastal waters of Hong Kong based on Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI sensors
Authors: Dong Shundan , He Hongchang , Fu Bolin , Fan Donglin , Wang Taotao
Published: February 2021

Using Landsat-8 OLI remote sensing data and Sentinel-2 MSI remote sensing data as data sources, selecting the coastal waters of Hong Kong as the study area, using semi-analytical model as the method, selecting the same time as the measured chlorophyll-a concentration at the monitoring point and the cloud coverage rate of remote sensing images two types of remote sensing images with clear images less than 10%. For the two types of remote sensing images, two thirds of the remote sensing image data are selected after preprocessing, and the remote sensing reflectance of the monitoring point location corresponding to the actual date is extracted for correlation analysis, and the most relevant inversion factor is obtained for modeling. Meanwhile the remaining 1/3 of the data is used to test the accuracy of its inversional regression model. The best inversional regression model based on Landsat-8 remote sensing data is Y=6.8x2-20.77x+17.02, R2=0.906 which is slightly higher than the best inversional regression model based on Sentinel-2 remote sensing data Y=-3.345e +05x2+3826x-3.44, R2=0.801, which proves the feasibility of inverting the two types of remote sensing data for the chlorophyll-a concentration in the Hong Kong offshore waters, and the inversional results of the two types of data show that the chlorophyll-a concentration in the internal waters of the Hong Kong offshore waters is higher than the phenomenon of external chlorophyll-a concentration.
Interference identification and removal of seismic precursor observation data based on singular spectrum analysis method
Authors: Wang Xiao , Wang Yalu , Wang Jun , Huang Jingguo , Yu Dan , Ye Qing , Liu Gaochuan
Published: February 2021

The singular spectrum analysis (SSA) method has the characteristics that it is not affected by the noise spectrum distribution, and is superior to the traditional denoising method. Moreover, it has been commonly used in signal analysis in the fields of oceanography, machinery, and electronic technology. This paper systematically introduces the basic principle and implementation process of singular spectrum analysis method. Then the singular spectrum analysis method is applied to the interference identification and removal of seismic precursor observation data. Taking deformation data and geoelectric field observation data as an example, the results show that the singular spectrum analysis method can effectively separate the rainfall interference in deformation observation data, and has important guiding significance for the subsequent removal of rainfall interference. In addition, the singular spectrum analysis method can be used to extract and remove the interference of HVDC and subway from the geoelectric field observation data, and the effect is obvious, which can effectively improve the data quality and better serve the earthquake analysis and prediction.
Reform, application and challenges of utilizing big data in coal mine safety management research
Authors: Chen Xue , Qiao Wanguan
Published: February 2021

Big data greatly impact current social science research paradigms and traditional safety management. Moreover, widespread big data application in coal mine safety technology has also highlighted the lack of basic coal mine safety management review against the background of big data. Based on the above analysis, the three main article goals are (1) to study the fundamental safety management research changes within the big data context; (2) to analyze big data application in coal mine safety management; and (3) to discuss big data relevance in coal mine safety management development trends and challenges. In summary, integrating big data into coal mine safety management has become a research trend, and the current coal mine safety management theory in the field of big data requires more in-depth research.