bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide versus eosinophil count in induced sputum for monitoring to guide the management of children with asthma: a cost-utility analysis
Authors: Buendia Jefferson , Guerrer Diana , Sanchez Jorge
Published: January 2024

Introduction Previous evidence has shown that FeNO and EO are
cost-effective relative to standard of care in guiding the management of
children with persistent asthma. There is some doubt as if there are
differences between these two biomarkers in terms of costs and benefits.
Clarifying this doubt would allow to prioritize in the design of
clinical practice guidelines. The study aimed to compare in terms of
costs and benefits these biomarkers in patients with asthma between 4
and 18 years of age.3 Methods A Markov model was used to estimate the
cost-utility of asthma management using FeNO and EO in patients between
4 and 18 years of age. Transition probabilities, cost and utilities were
estimated from previously published local studies, while relative risks
were obtained from the systematic review of published randomized
clinical trials. The analysis was carried out from a societal
perspective. Results FeNO was associated with lower cost (US$ 1333 CI
95% US$ 1331-1335 vs US$ 1452 CI 95% US$ 1449-1454) and highest
QALY (0.93 CI 95% 0.93-0.94 vs 0.92 CI 95% 0.91-0.92) than EO. In the
sensitivity analyses, our base‐case results were robust to variations of
all assumptions and parameters. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that
FeNO-guided treatment is better than EO because it offers a greater
number of years of life with a lower cost per patient. This evidence
should encourage the adoption of any of these techniques to objectively
guide the management of children with asthma in routine clinical
practice in low resource settings.
Evolution of Adverse drug reactions reporting systems: Paper-based to software-based
Authors: Madhushika Thilini , Weerarathna Thilak , Liyanage Gayani , Jayasinghe Sudheera
Published: January 2024

Abstract Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) add a significant clinical and
economic burden to the healthcare system of a country. Reporting ADRs is
the cornerstone of detecting uncommon ADRs once the drugs are on the
market. In many countries, ADR reporting is regulated by national
regulatory bodies and various methods are employed to report ADRs.
Direct reporting by healthcare professionals has been adopted by many
developed and developing countries. We present an overview of the
different approaches of ADR reporting systems worldwide and their
evolution over time.
Comparative study to understand the clinically efficiency of Vigo Smart Heart (VSH) against traditional holter in Indian Arrhythmia patients
Authors: Katika Madhumohan , velugonda Nagaraju , Bandaru Rajiv , Maddur Srinivas , Agrawal Sony , Yerradoddi Sushma , Lavudi HariKrishna , Jakinala Parameshwar
Published: January 2024

Arrhythmia is an irregular hertbeat which leads to severe heart
complications and it is the most common action of Cardio Vascular
Diseases. India represents 31% of global deaths and need for accurate
diagnosis and monitoring of Arrhythmia has not been addressed. In view,
we developed a novel device Vigo Holter (VSH) that is connected to cloud
and IoT based platform designed as an easy wearable for the patient. It
records continuous ECG and HR to predict the changes in the heart.
Compared a Vigo Holter against the traditional holter monitoring in 51
volunteers for 24 hrs with asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects. We
evaluated patient compliance, analyzable signal time interval to
arrhythmia detection, and diagnostic yield. In total 51 participants we
found 46 reports with equivalent result where as the conditions (Second
Degree Mobitz Type I block, First Degree AV block, IVCD and SVT
episodes) identified by VSH . Importantly, ECG wave quality in reports
with differences is same in both recordings and the total diagnostic
yield was 39%. Total Noise in Traditional Holter was 1301 minutes
whereas in Vigo Holter was 990 minutes. Total Analyzable time in Vigo
Holter was 99.3% whereas in Traditional Holter was 90.22%. VSH reports
clearly explained that no lead detachments and noise resultant from the
wire entanglements leading to low noise and highly analyzable time. We
demonstrated that VSH is very much needed and useful for people and
doctors to detect arrythmia with highest accuracy and to avoid physical
interaction with the patient during COVID-19
TIME TRENDS IN EPISIOTOMY AND SEVERE PERINEAL TEARS IN PORTUGAL: A NATIONWIDE REGISTER-BASED STUDY
Authors: Teixeira Cristina , Lorthe Elsa , Barros Henrique
Published: January 2024

Objective: To estimate time trends in the frequency of severe perineal
tears (SPT) in Portugal and its relationship with episiotomy. Design:
Nationwide register-based study by using the national inpatient
database. Setting: All Portuguese public hospitals Population: All women
with a singleton vaginal delivery between 2000 and 2015 Methods:
Time-trend analysis using joinpoint regression models was performed to
identify time trends in the prevalence of SPT and of risk factors,
including episiotomy. Poisson regression models were fitted to assess
the association between episiotomy and SPT. Main Outcome Measures:
Annual percentage change (APC) with 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI)
in the prevalence of SPT and its risk factors. Adjusted relative risk
(RR) and respective 95% CI. Results: From 908,889 singleton vaginal
deliveries, 20.6% were instrumental deliveries, 76.7% with episiotomy
and 0.56% were complicated by SPT. SPT decreased among women with
non-instrumental deliveries and no episiotomy from 2009 onwards (1.3%
to 0.7%), whereas SPT kept increasing in women with episiotomy for both
non-instrumental (0.1% in 2000 to 0.4% in 2015) and instrumental
deliveries (0.7% in 2005 to 2.3% in 2015). Episiotomy was associated
with a decrease in SPT with adjusted RR varying between 2000 and 2015
from 0.18 (95%CI:0.13-0.25) to 0.59 (95%CI:0.44-0.79) for
non-instrumental deliveries and from 0.45 (95%CI:0.25-0.81) to 0.50
(95%CI:0.40-0.72) for instrumental deliveries. Conclusions: Episiotomy
rate could safely further decrease as the main factor driving SPT rates
seems to be an increase in awareness and reporting of SPT particularly
among women who underwent an episiotomy.
Multiplicity of Homoclinic solutions for fractional discrete $p-$Laplacian equations
Authors: Zuo Jiabin , Bouali Tahar , GUEFAIFIA Rafik , Yang Libo
Published: January 2024

In this study, we investigate the existence and multiplicity of
solutions for a fractional discrete $p-$ Laplacian equation on $
\mathbb{Z} $, via the mountain pass lemma and
Ekeland’s variational principle. Under suitable hypotheses on functions
$V$ and $f$, we prove that this equation admits at least two
nonnegative and nontrivial homoclinic solutions when the real parameter
$\lambda >0$ is large enough.
The Role of Lipids in Allergic Sensitization: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fairclough Lucy , V Georgina Hopkins , Cochrane Stella , Onion David
Published: January 2024

Background Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergies are
increasing in prevalence, with IgE-mediated food allergies currently
affecting up to 10% of children and 6% of adults worldwide. The
mechanisms underpinning the first phase of IgE-mediated allergy,
allergic sensitization, are still not clear. Recently, the potential
involvement of lipids in allergic sensitization has been proposed, with
reports that they can bind allergenic proteins and act on immune cells
to skew to a T helper type 2 (Th2) response. The objective of this
systematic review is to determine if there is strong evidence for the
role of lipids in allergic sensitization. Methods 19 studies
were reviewed, 10 of which were relevant to lipids in allergic
sensitization to food allergens, 9 relevant to lipids in aeroallergen
sensitization. Results The results provide strong evidence for
the role of lipids in allergies. Intrinsic lipids, lipid-ligands and
membrane-bound lipids from allergen sources can both drive and inhibit
allergic sensitization through various mechanisms. Proposed mechanisms
included reducing the gastrointestinal degradation of allergenic
proteins by altering protein structure, reducing dendritic cell (DC)
uptake of allergenic proteins to reduce immune tolerance, regulating Th2
cytokines, activating invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells through
CD1d presentation, and directly acting upon toll-like receptors (TLRs),
epithelial cells, keratinocytes, and DCs. Conclusion The
current literature suggests intrinsic lipids are key influencers of
allergic sensitization. Further research utilising human relevant
in vitro models and clinical studies are needed to give a
reliable account of the role of lipids in allergic sensitization.
How many sites? Methods to assist design decisions when collecting multivariate data in ecology
Authors: Maslen Ben , Popovic Gordana , Verges Adriana , Marzinelli Ezequiel , Warton David
Published: January 2024

Sample size estimation through power analysis is a fundamental tool in
planning an ecological study, yet there are currently no
well-established procedures for when multivariate abundances are to be
collected. A power analysis procedure would need to address three
challenges: designing a parsimonious simulation model that captures key
community data properties; measuring effect size in a realistic yet
interpretable fashion; and ensuring computational feasibility when
simulation is used both for power estimation and significance testing.
Here we propose a power analysis procedure that meets these challenges
with accompanying R software (ecopower). Our simulation model uses a
Gaussian copula model, and expert opinion is leveraged to simplify
effect size specification into “increasers”, “decreasers” or “no
effect” taxa. Computational issues are addressed by using a critical
value approach, reducing computation time from days to minutes. The
procedure is demonstrated by estimating the sample size required to
detect changes for fish abundances.
Hemophagocytosis in children: when genetics gets involved…
Authors: Podvin Benjamin , Fenwarth Laurène , Bruno Bénédicte , Demaret Julie , Basile Genevieve de Saint , Chahla Wadih Abou , Fournier Elise
Published: January 2024

Familial Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is a rare autosomal
recessive disease. It generally appears in childhood but atypical forms
are also seen in adults. FHL is characterized by an excessive
inflammatory response due to defects in NK and T-lymphocyte
cytotoxicity. Clinical and biological diagnostic criteria are defined by
the Histiocyte Society. Treatment includes the suppression of the
excessive immune response followed by a hematopoietic stem cell
transplant (HSCT). Diagnosis of FHL should include a genetic study in
the proband and siblings to allow for preemptive measures.
Association of ABO blood group with respiratory diseases hospitalisation and severe outcomes: a retrospective cohort study in blood donors
Authors: Su Shu , Guo Lingxia , Ma Ting , Sun Yang , Song Aowei , Wang Wenhua , Gu Xiaoyu , Wu Wenjie , Xie Xinxin , Wang Liqin , Zhang Leilei , He Shiyi , Zhang Lei , Yang Jiangcun
Published: January 2024

Background Environmental, socioeconomic and genetic factors all are
associated with respiratory diseases. ABO blood group may contribute to
the underlying susceptibility to respiratory diseases. Our study aims to
investigate the association between the ABO blood groups and the
susceptibility to respiratory diseases and the subsequent severity of
the diseases. Methods We constructed a large retrospective cohort study
of blood donors in Shaanxi, China, to investigate the impact of the ABO
blood group on the risk of hospitalisation due to respiratory diseases.
Reasons, duration and discharge status of hospitalisation were collected
between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2018. Results Of 1,686,263
enrolled participants (680,788 females), 26,597 were admitted to
hospital for respiratory diseases. Compared with blood group O, blood
groups A, B and AB all demonstrated a higher risk of diseases of the
upper respiratory tract (ICD10: J30-J39) (ARR 1.139 95% CI
[1.106–1.225]; 1.095 [1.019–1.177]; 1.178 [1.067–1.30],
respectively) and the highest ratio was observed in participants of
blood group A aged ≥55 years (1.456 [1.038–2.042]). Conversely,
blood group A was found to have a lower risk (0.86 [0.747–0.991])
in influenza (J09-J11) and blood group B was lower for pneumonia
(J12-J18) (0.911 [0.851–0.976]) when compared with blood group O.
The duration of hospitalisation was significantly different across the
blood groups in J09-J11 and J30-J39 (P<0.05). No significant
difference was observed in the discharge status across blood groups.
Conclusions The blood group appears to be a prognostic factor in
differentiating the occurrence of specific respiratory diseases and
duration.
Clinical Outcome Prediction in Pediatric ARDS by Chest Radiograph Severity Scoring
Authors: Yan Yuchun , Hao Wenhan , Bai Fengsen , Liu Shuang , Qu Dong , Yuan Xinyu
Published: January 2024

Aim: To assesses the severity and prognosis of pediatric acute
respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) based on a chest radiograph (CXR)
scoring method. Methods: 116 PARDS and 463 CXRs were selected. General
demographics, pulmonary complications, and 28‐day mortality of the
patients were recorded. Subgroup divided by prognosis (survive, death)
and etiology (infection, non-infection). CXR scores were calculated for
each of the four quadrants by infiltration extent (0-4) and density
(1-3). The ROC curve and survival curve were established, the cut-off
score for predicting prognosis was set. Results: The agreement between
two independent observers was excellent (ICC=0.98, 95%CI:0.97-0.99).
The hospital length of stay of death group was shorter than survive
group, whereas the percentage of pulmonary complication of death group
were significantly higher than survival group (all p<0.05).
Day 3 score was independently associated with better survival
(p<0.001). The aera under the curve of ROC was 0.773
(95%CI:0.709-0.838). The cut-off score was 21 (sensitivity 71.7%,
specificity 76.5%), OR was 9.268 (95%CI: 1.257-68.320). The pulmonary
complication showed an OR of 3.678 (95%CI: 1.174-11.521) for the
prediction. Conclusions: CXR score can be used in PARDS for predicting
prognosis and has a great agreement among radiologist and pediatrician.
Pulmonary complication, Day 3 score whether greater than 21 points have
a strong predictive effectiveness.
Acute promyelocytic leukemia presenting with acute appendicitis and coagulopathy in a pediatric patient: Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment
Authors: Burriss-West Marybeth , Anderson Charles , Lipford Edward , Trovillion Erin
Published: January 2024

We present a case of a pediatric patient presenting with
gastrointestinal symptoms found to have acute appendicitis and
ultimately diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). He had
severe hemorrhage at presentation, with laboratory abnormalities
concerning for disseminated intravascular coagulation, initially
attributed to infection. Prior to initiating standard therapy used to
treat APL, he required stabilization and numerous blood product
transfusions. He was treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and
arsenic trioxide and ultimately went into remission. We present this
case as there is limited literature regarding APL manifesting with
gastrointestinal symptoms in pediatric patients.
A review of literature about migratory animals of Colombia
Authors: Arenas-Rodríguez Angélica , Morales-Devia Hernan , Jimenez German Leonardo , Hoyos Julio Mario
Published: January 2024

Aim Colombia is a country that provides a wide supply of
nutrients produced in its different regions during the two seasons that
make up its climate, being a place of arrival, departure, or transit of
migratory species. We wanted to collect the bibliographic information
associated with migratory species that transit Colombia and that were
reported in scientific documentation. Location The systematic
search for information was carried out using virtual platforms from the
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana in Bogotá, Colombia. Methods
Information about the migratory species of Colombia (MSC) was compiled
from two bibliographic databases (Scopus and Web of Science-SciELO
Citation Index), combining biological aspects with keywords associated
with migration. From both the Scopus and Web of Science databases
(SciELO Citation index), the largest number of articles was collected
using query strings, which included words associated with the migration
of Colombian species (names associates with MSC, class of migration,
distribution geographical, migratory orientation, and phylogeny).
Results Between 1914 and 2020, we recovered 4286 titles
globally, and of these titles, 264 only for Colombia, according to the
affiliation reported by the authors in the different publications.
Publication trends show that research on migratory species is being
conducted mainly in fishes, mammals, and birds. An association between
the words and the fields of knowledge related with the migratory animal
groups present in Colombia was found, showing that the migratory species
have been studied in cooperation with partners of other countries and
this visualized with text mining. Main conclusions The data
show that Colombian fauna biodiversity is big but the number of studies
in MSC is reduced. Keywords Bibliographic review, Biodiversity,
Colombia, Information metrics, Migratory species
Tar spot of maize in the Americas is caused by a complex of closely related Phyllachora species which vary in their host and geographic range
Authors: Broders Kirk , Iriarte Gloria , Bergstrom Gary , Byamukama Emmanuel , Chilvers Martin , Cruz Christian , Lana Felipe Dalla , Malvick Dean , Mueller Darren , Paul Pierce , Plewa Diana , Raid Richard , Robertson Alison , Salgado Catalina , Smith Damon , Telenko Darcy , Kleczewski Nathan , VanEtten Katherine , Duray Zachary
Published: January 2024

The genus Phyllachora contains numerous obligate fungal parasites that
produce raised, melanized structures called stromata on their plant
hosts. Most members of this genus are not of significant economic
concern, with the exception of P. maydis, the causal agent of tar spot
of maize (Zea mays). Tar spot of maize has emerged as a major threat to
maize production throughout the Americas and continues to spread
throughout North America. To date, species designations for Phyllachora
have been based on host associations and morphology, and the origin and
diversity of the pathogen that causes tar spot is unknown. We assessed
the sequence diversity of 186 single stroma isolates collected from 16
hosts representing 15 countries by amplification of the ITS and LSU gene
regions. Samples included both herbarium and contemporary strains that
covered a temporal range from 1905-2019. These 186 isolates were grouped
into 5 distinct species with strong bootstrap support. We found three
closely related, but genetically distinct groups of Phyllachora are
capable of infecting maize in the United States, we refer to these as
the P. maydis species complex. Based on herbarium species, we
hypothesize that these three groups in the P. maydis species complex
originated from Central America, Mexico and the Caribbean. Although two
of these groups were only found on maize, the third and largest group
contained contemporary strains found on maize and other grass hosts, as
well as herbarium specimens from maize and other grasses that include 10
species of Phyllachora. The herbarium specimens were identified based on
morphology and host association, but our data indicates there may be
significant synonymy in the Phyllachora genus and additional work on
species delineation and host specificity should be considered.
The Vitamin D Status in Children with Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia and its Potential Impact on Primary Symptoms of Leukaemia and Course of Induction Treatment.
Authors: Małecka Anna , Hennig Marcin , Jaworski Radoslaw , Irga-Jaworska Ninela
Published: January 2024

Background: The vitamin D deficiency is ubiquitous among children
population. Similar problem is recognized among paediatric patients with
acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The purpose of this study was to analyze
the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and investigate the connection
between vitamin D status and course of induction treatment of ALL.
Methods: A cross-sectional study including 59 patients with newly
diagnosed ALL from May 2017 until November 2020. Results: The vitamin D
insufficiency was found in 36% of patients. There were no seasonal
differences in vitamin D status. Patients with optimal 25(OH)D
concentration presented more profound thrombocytopenia (p=.015) and
required more frequent platelet transfusions (p=0.018). The good
prognosis factors as B phenotype and hyperdiploidy were also more
frequent among children with higher 25(OH)D concentration (p=0.01 and
p=0.014, respectively). Conclusion: The study displayed that patients
with higher serum concentration of 25(OH)D presented deeper
thrombocytopenia and needed more frequent transfusions. Moreover, those
patients showed higher rates of B-cell leukaemia and hyperdiploid
karyotype. We did not find any influence of potential sunlight exposure
(defined as the season of the year at admission) on serum 25(OH)D, which
supports the supplementing of vitamin D throughout the entire year.
Moreover, the supplementation of vitamin D seems to be safe in the
context of renal complications connected to calcium and phosphorus
imbalance as no correlation between their levels and 25(OH)D
concentration was found.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can reduce lesions of the endothelial of coronary arteries in patients with coronary heart disease: a systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Wenxiong , Xu Ruoxin
Published: January 2024

Background: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, also known as
n-3 PUFAs, have been proved to benefit the cardiovascular system, The
purpose of this study was to see how n-3 PUFAs affected the progression
of endothelial lesions in coronary arteries in patients with CHD and to
determine possible mechanisms. Methods: We searched the Embase
database, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trial,
CNKI, and published papers (searched on August 5, 2021 for data
published from the database’s inception to September 2021). We extracted
each indicators standard mean difference (SMD) of endothelial lesions in
coronary arteries: diameter of the narrowest fragment of the coronary
artery, content of endothelins in blood vessels (VWF% and sVCAM-1), and
volume of coronary atherosclerosis plaques and their subclassifications.
Result: This review included data from twelve articles, which
included twelve clinical trials and 2312 patients with CHD or assessed
to be with high risk of CHD by the original researchers. We finally
concluded that n-3 PUFAs can reduce lesions of the endothelial in
patients with CHD by reducing the diameter loss of the narrowest
fragments of the coronary arteries (SMD 1.211 [95%Cl
0.179—2.242]) and reduce the increase of atherosclerotic plaques
volume in coronary arteries (mm ) (SMD -0.305
[95%CI -0.574—0.035]), including the volume of the lipid plaque,
a subclassification in atherosclerotic plaques (SMD -2.495 [95%CI
-4.712—0.279]). Conclusion: To summarize, n-3 PUFAs can
reduce endothelial lesions in patients with coronary heart disease,
thereby preventing the occurrence of coronary heart disease.
Design Strategies of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Vectors in Gene Therapy
Authors: lv yafeng , zhang hao , li shuyue , zhang xiongzhou , tan hengxin , yang jianlin , cao chunyu
Published: January 2024

Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) have attracted significant attention in
the field of gene and cell therapy due to highly effective delivery of
therapeutic genes into human cells. At present, three AAV-based gene
therapy drugs (Glybera, Luxturna and Zolgensma) for the treatment of
genetic diseases have been approved by the European Medicines Agency
(EMA) and the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) during 2012-2021.
In order to make the AAV vector better meet the needs of gene therapy,
researchers have carried out a series of optimization and modification
on the AAV vectors, which mainly include the modification of the AAV
capsid protein, the optimization of the promoter, and Codon optimization
for transfer genes. The use of AAV vectors to treat single-gene
disorders has become more feasible than ever, but the development of new
AAV-based gene therapy drugs still faces many challenges, Such as
immunological barriers, large-scale production etc. This article will
briefly review the strategies of AAV vectors design and the key
challenges in recent years.
Comparative omics analysis of endophyte-infected and endophyte-free Achnatherum sibiricum in response to pathogenic fungi
Authors: Shi Xinjian , Qin Tianzi , Qu Yaobing , Zhang Junzhen , Hao Guang , Zhao Yangyang , Zhang Zhichao , Zhao Nianxi , Ren Anzhi
Published: January 2024

Epichloë endophytes can improve the resistance of host grasses to
pathogenic fungi in grasslands. However, little is known about the
mechanisms involved. We investigated the mechanisms underlying the
effect of Epichloë sibirica on the resistance of
Achnatherum sibiricum to Curvularia lunata by metabolomics
approaches. The results demonstrated that before and after pathogen
inoculation, 58 and 157 differential metabolites (DMs) were respectively
induced by endophytes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)
analyses of DMs showed that amino acids and phenols were mostly
accumulated by endophytic infection. Integrated transcriptome and
metabolomics KEGG analysis revealed that plant hormone signal
transduction was significantly enriched. After measurement, we found
that endophytic infection increased jasmonic acid (JA) concentration
before pathogen inoculation and increased ethylene (ET) and pipecolic
acid concentration after pathogen inoculation. Exogenous phytohormones
treatment verified that endophytes improved the disease resistance of
A. sibiricum by promoting JA and ET accumulation. In
phenylpropanoid synthetic pathway, the endophytes promoted the
accumulation of ferulic acid, p-coumaroylagmatine, and
feruloylputrescine which was related to resistance against plant
disease. Overall, our research suggests that Epichloë endophytes
presumably trigger induced systemic resistance of the hosts to
pathogenic fungi via activating JA/ET signaling pathways and promoted
antimicrobial phenol accumulation in hosts.
Theoretical model and experimental study of pressure-induced supercritical phase nucleation
Authors: Wang Qi-Bo , Xu Qin-Qin , Yin Jian-Zhong , Zhu Hong-Yue , Liu Bao-Lin , Yang Ming-Zhe
Published: January 2024

Nucleation was the basis of the fabrication of two-dimensional materials
in the bottom-up deposition methods. However, classical nucleation
theory (CNT) was not suitable for the nucleation in supercritical fluid
(SCF) because of the non-ideality of SCF. Herein, a dilute solution
system composed of nonvolatile solute and supercritical carbon dioxide
(scCO2) was established and the theory of pressure-induced supercritical
phase nucleation (PI-SCPN) was proposed. A new defined solute-solvent
correlation function was found to influence the nucleation driving force
a lot in this particular process, especially when the supersaturation
was small. Furthermore, the corresponding experiments were conducted by
using MoO2(acac)2 as solute in scCO2 to verify PI-SCPN. The solubility
of MoO2(acac)2 was accurately measured by static equilibrium method. The
influence of supersaturation, temperature and pressure on the nucleation
were found to be consistent with that predicted using the PI-SCPN. The
nucleation rates were compared to the experimental values, showing good
agreement.
Papulonodular Mucinosis in Childhood Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Ibekwe Perpetua , Umobong Emanso
Published: January 2024

Papulonodular mucinosis in childhood subacute cutaneous lupus
erythematosus (SCLE) is uncommon. We describe a 9-year-old Nigerian boy
who initially presented with recurrent, red, annular, discreet
papules/plaques and later with patchy alopecia, subcutaneous nodules on
both upper arms. Diagnosis was confirmed by histology, Alcian blue
staining, presence of SSA antibody.
Recombinant human C1 esterase inhibitor can be effective as prophylactic treatment in idiopathic non-histaminergic angioedema
Authors: Aghdam Mehran Alizadeh , Hofman Zonne , Meertens Michelle , Lebens Ans , Hack Erik , Knulst André , Maas Coen , Rockmann Heike
Published: January 2024

Background Idiopathic non-histaminergic acquired angioedema
(InH-AAE) does not respond to anti-histamines and is possibly mediated
by bradykinin. Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety
of recombinant human C1-esterase inhibitor (rhC1-INH), for prophylaxis
of InH-AAE, and to evaluate contact system parameters as biomarkers for
attacks. Methods A prospective, open-label study of patients
with InH-AAE with > 2 AE attacks/month. rhC1-INH (50 IU/kg
was administered intravenously; maximum 4200 IU) twice weekly for 2
months, preceded and followed by a one-month period of observation. The
primary endpoint was a >50% reduction in attack frequency.
C1INH-function and plasma levels of high molecular weight kininogen,
factor XII, plasma prekallikrein, C4, cleaved kininogen, d-dimer were
evaluated as potential biomarkers. Post-trial follow-up was evaluated in
all patients. Results Six patients (mean age 41 years; four
female) were enrolled. One patient showed a reduction in attack
frequency of 84% (3 versus 19) during rhC1-INH treatment, and showed
clinical response to plasma-derived C1-INH but not to omalizumab
post-trial. Restarting rhC1-INH treatment resulted in a similarly rapid
response. The other 5 patients showed no improvement. No major adverse
events were reported. None of the measured biomarkers were related to
treatment response. Post-trial, omalizumab was administered to four
patients, of which two reported response. Conclusion rhC1-INH
treatment was effective in 1 of 6 InH-AAE patients, suggesting a
bradykinin-dependent mechanism of attacks in this patient. Response to
omalizumab or tranexamic acid during follow-up in a number of the
patients points to a heterogeneous pathogenesis of InH-AAE disease
requiring a personalised treatment approach.
Drug resistance analysis of APEC carrying mcr-1 in some coastal areas of China from 2019 to 2020
Authors: Zhang Wei , Hu Zimeng , Chen Xinyi , Wang Zhuohao , Guo Genglin , Xu Zhengjun , Zhou Qingan , Wei Xiankai , Liu Yuqing
Published: January 2024

Polymyxin is considered as one of the “last line of defense” for the
treatment of multi-drug resistant bacteria. With the ever-increasing use
of polymyxin in recent years, posing a serious risk to public health. In
this study, 24 mcr-1-positive APEC isolates were detected from
493 APEC isolates which were isolated and identified from dead and sick
poultry in China, and 57 isolates of APEC were selected for whole genome
sequencing. The polymyxin MIC of 24 isolates of mcr-1-positive
APEC was determined, and the results showed they were all resistant to
polymyxin. Besides, 14 isolates of mcr-1-positive APEC plasmids
were successfully conjugated to EC600. The whole genome sequencing
results showed that the plasmid types related to the spread of
mcr-1 gene were IncHI2 (15/24), IncX4 (10/ 24), IncI2 (4/24); two
ST types ST93 (9/24), ST349 (4/24) and two serotypes O166:H15 (5/24),
O21:H52 (7/24) accounted for a large proportion of APEC sequencing,
showing that the isolated APEC have the diversity of ST types and
serotypes. Besides, it is worth noting that 2 isolates of APEC resistant
to meropenem were found, and they were detected to contain bla and bla genes,
respectively. In this study, the epidemiological investigation of the
mcr-1 gene was carried out on APEC in some coastal areas of China
from 2019 to2020, and the results enriched the transmission data of the
APEC isolates carrying the mcr-1 gene in waterfowl.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation versus surgical aortic valve replacement in low-risk patients: A meta-analysis based on a 2-year follow-up
Authors: Chen Chang-Gan , Xi Bei-Bei , Deng Qiu-Feng , Zhang Xin-Yuan , Lin Wei-Cheng , chen liangwan , qiu zhihuang
Published: January 2024

Background: Previous studies have shown that transcatheter
aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is the best alternative therapy to
surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in high-risk surgical patients
with aortic stenosis (AS). However, it is not clear whether TAVI can be
utilised in low-risk surgical patients with AS. This study aimed to
evaluate the safety and efficacy of TAVI in low-risk patients.
Methods: From the outset of our initiative until June 2021,
PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane were thoroughly searched, yielding the
selection of 3 randomised controlled trials including 2633 patients with
AS, to assess outcome measures at distinct follow-up time periods.
Results: The mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk
of Mortality score of patients was 2.2. At the 30-day and 1-year
follow-up, TAVI was associated with a lower incidence of all-cause
mortality, cardiovascular mortality, acute kidney injury (stage 2 or 3),
life-threatening or significant bleeding, and new atrial fibrillation
(NAF), but an increased risk of permanent pacemaker implantation. At the
2-year follow-up, TAVI only had an advantage in NAF (RR, 0.27; 95% CI,
0.14–0.51; P＜0.0001) without any significant difference in any of the
other outcome measures. Conclusions: For low-risk surgical
patients with AS, the efficacy of TAVI was superior to that of SAVR by
the 30-day and 1-year follow-up. This was most evident by the 2-year
follow-up, except for the advantages of NAF, with no other significant
differences.
Elevated CO2 alleviates adverse effects of drought on plant water relations and carbon sequestration
Authors: Wang Zhaoguo , Wang Chuankuan , Liu Shirong
Published: January 2024

Elevated CO2 concentrations (eCO2) affect plant water relations and
carbon (C) sequestration, which may mitigate drought stress. We
performed a meta-analysis on the interactive effects of eCO2 and drought
on plant ecophysiology. We found a higher leaf relative water content
and a less negative midday leaf water potential, resulting from reduced
stomatal conductance (gs). However, no soil water-savings were detected
due to the counteracting effect of the eCO2-induced increase in leaf
area. eCO2 enhanced leaf-level water-use efficiency (WUE) proportionally
regardless of soil water regimes. The magnitude of eCO2 enhancement in
WUE decreased from leaf to individual scales. There was a stronger A
response to eCO2 under drought. eCO2 enhanced biomass production
regardless of soil water regimes; especially it enhanced belowground
biomass and root to shoot ratio to greater extents under drought. These
findings suggest that eCO2 can alleviate the adverse impacts of drought
on plant water relations and C sequestration.
Changes in the competition for water between poplar and cotton in a shelterbelt-farmland system caused by drip irrigation in oasis
Authors: Ma Bin , Wu Yi , Xue Bing , Hou Zhen , Jiang Yan
Published: January 2024

Farmland shelterbelt plays a crucial role in protecting arable land but
also exhibits high water consumption in arid areas. The coexistence of
shelterbelt and farmlands always lead to the competition for water.
However, the wide application of drip irrigation in recent years make
shelterbelt difficult to get water, leading to a more complex
relationships between shelterbelt and farmland in water use. Therefore,
the evapotranspiration (ET) of poplar shelterbelt and cotton field under
the drip irrigation were quantitatively analyzed, to explore the
relationship between shelterbelt and cotton under drip irrigation in
water use and determine the area and intensity of potential competition.
The results showed that due to the larger planting area and higher
density of cotton, the ET of cotton field was 56% - 66% higher than
that of poplar shelterbelt, especially in the seedling stage and
flowering and bolling stage. In the boll-opening stage of cotton, the ET
of poplar shelterbelt exceeded that of cotton field by 24.15%, and the
ET of cotton per unit area was significantly lower than that of poplar
shelterbelt. Besides, in the area with a distance of 0.1 - 0.5 times
tree height (H) from the shelterbelt (0.1H - 0.5H), shelterbelt had an
obvious competitive advantage because the root length density and
biomass were significantly higher than those of cotton in the 20-40 cm
soil layer, and the competition for water between them was the most
intense in this area. In >1H area, there was no poplar root
and no competition. Therefore, the introduction of a poplar shelterbelt
did not increase water consumption in the local area and aggravate the
water shortage in oases. However, the amount of irrigation to cotton
field close to the shelterbelt should be appropriately increased, to
reduce the loss of water caused by the consumption of poplar trees.
CaMYB340 homo- and heterodimers mediate chilling injury in bell pepper by participating in fatty acid desaturation and the ICE-CBF pathway
Authors: Ge Wanying , Luo Manli , Sun Huajun , Wei Bao-dong , Zhou Xin , Zhou Qian , Ji Shujuan
Published: January 2024

Bell pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) is a tradable and desirable
crop; however, its perishable nature requires low-temperature handling.
[Paradoxically](javascript:;), cold causes chilling injury (CI) and
postharvest waste. Current knowledge about CI in pepper is limited. The
mechanism of CI is multi-faceted; thus, this study focused on fatty acid
desaturation and identified an upstream nuclear transcription factor
(TF) CaMYB340 belonging to the R2R3 MYB subfamily that negatively
regulates fatty acid desaturation and the ICE-CBF pathway, and is
induced by low temperature (4°C) at the DNA and transcriptional levels.
Specifically, McrBC treatment and bisulfite sequencing PCR indicate that
exposure to cold triggers DNA methylation on one of the CHH sites in the
CaMYB340 promoter. This epigenetic event at least partly
contributes to the upregulation of CaMYB340 transcripts.
Increased expression of CaMYB340 results in the formation of protein
complexes with CaMYB340, CabHLH93, and CaMYB1R1 that in turn
downregulates the expression of downstream genes. For peppers held at
low temperature, transient overexpression of CaMYB340 reduced
unsaturated fatty acid (FA) content and membrane fluidity, resulting in
cold-induced poor peel texture. Overall, these results underscore the
intricacy of transcriptional networks in plants and highlight the role
of CaMYB340 in CI occurrence in pepper fruits.
Adams-Stokes syndrome Due to Thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Zhao Ye , Lin Jia , Liu Ming , Sun Shikun , XunLi * , Zou Cao , Hui Jie
Published: January 2024

：Thyroid hormones have been widely accepted to have complex effects on
myocardium by regulation of ion channel, autonomic nervous system,
non-specific inflammatory infiltration, therefore predisposing to
reversible myocardium damage and multiple arrhythmias
. However, atrial fibrillation (AF), advanced
to irreversible complete heart block, QT (QTc) prolongation, torsade de
pointes (TdP), ventricular flutter and fibrillation (VF) have never been
reported at the same time in a patient with hyperthyroidism before.
The Application of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Imatinib in the Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs): A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Jian , Xiang Jin , Wang Tao , Wang Wentao , Zhang Bo , Yin Yuan
Published: January 2024

Aims: The optimal dose of imatinib on survival in the adjuvant treatment
of patients with resected GISTs remains unsettled. Therefore, this study
aimed to assess the impact of the adjustment of dose based on imatinib
plasma trough concentrations (Cmin) on the prognosis of GIST based in
the adjuvant setting. Methods: We conducted a retrospective
cross-sectional study of GIST patients treated with imatinib.
Simultaneously, the blood samples at steady-state of the aforementioned
patients were obtained for the determination of imatinib Cmin. Inverse
probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used for reducing
selection bias in baseline characteristics. Kaplan–Meier analyses and
multivariate Cox proportional hazards were used to evaluate the
association of the different dosages of imatinib with recurrence-free
survival (RFS). Results: A total of 79 patients were identified in this
study. Of these patients treated with imatinib 200 mg/d (n=8), 300 mg/d
(n=33), 400 mg/d (n=37), and 600 mg/d (n=1)the mean±standard deviation
(SD) imatinib Cmin was 704±299ng/mL, 1153±473.3ng/mL, and
1246±491.3ng/mL, respectively. Additionally, imatinib Cmin of 200-mg/day
group was significantly lower than groups of 300- (P=0.036) and
400-mg/day (P=0.016), no significant difference in the Cmin of 300- and
400 -mg/day group (P=0.427) (Fig 3). Before and after adjustment by
propensity score-based IPTW, no significant difference in
recurrence-free survival between the Conclusions: Our findings provide a
new insight that imatinib Cmin may be used as a potential biomarker, to
assist in the evaluation of the safety, and efficacy of individualized
dosage adjustments in the adjuvant setting.
Is collaborative care a key component for treating pregnant women with psychiatric and psychosocial symptoms?: A systematic review.
Authors: Klatter Celine , Ravesteyn Leontien van , Stekelenburg Jelle
Published: January 2024

Background: Mental disorders during pregnancy are common, with
long-lasting negative effects on mother and child. The combination with
psychosocial symptoms, barriers on population and healthcare level and
lack of long-term evidence make treatment challenging. To overcome this,
there is raising awareness for collaborative care. Objectives: Review
perinatal mental health interventions and analyse the impact of
collaborative care. Search strategy: Two independent reviewers searched
for RCT’s in Pubmed, Embase and PsycINFO. Selection criteria: Trials
studying the effect of psychological or pharmacological interventions on
the mental health of pregnant women with psychiatric and/or psychosocial
symptoms. Data collection and analysis: Two reviewers independently
abstracted data and assessed study quality and risk of bias. Each study
was scored on collaborative care criteria: multi-professional approach
to patientcare, structured management plan, scheduled patient
follow-ups, enhanced interprofessional communication. Main results: 35
studies were included. Most trials studied the effect of cognitive
behavioural therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy on perinatal
depression. Almost all interventions met at least one collaborative care
criteria. Interventions were mostly provided by multiple professionals,
but interprofessional communication rarely took place. Interventions
that met more criteria did not more often show a positive effect on
maternal mental health. Conclusions: There is lack of research on
perinatal psychiatric disorders other than depressive and on long-term
treatment outcomes. Collaborative care is partly implemented in most
current interventions, but more trials (including interprofessional
communication) are needed to be conclusive whether collaborative care is
a key component in perinatal mental healthcare. Funding: None Keywords:
pregnancy, mental disorders, psychosocial, collaborative care
Excel-based chemotherapy templates, follow-up and ordering process: safe, fast, time-saving, guiding, remove hesitation
Authors: Aycicek Ali
Published: January 2024

In children, all medications and fluids are calculated by body weight or
surface area, mostly by mobile phones, written on paper or a pre-filled
form, or entered into the hospital information system. The complexity
and risks of chemotherapy forces healthcare professionals to follow
standard practices. In medical procedures, Microsoft Excel is generally
used for data collection and statistical calculation. In this article,
we aimed to introduce the use of Excel to facilitate cancer treatment
and follow-up procedures, save on time, increase consistency, minimize
errors, and eliminate hesitations and contribute to the scientific
community.
The amount of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in global dryland regions
Authors: Wang Yujue , Wang Shuchen , Wang Jing , Hou Lei , Sang Weiguo , Xiao Chunwang
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Dryland regions cover 41% of the Earth’s land surface and
support the livelihood of half of the world’s population. Soil microbes
play an important role in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, therefore
affecting soil health. Soil microbial biomass C (SMBC) and N (SMBN) are
indicators of soil microbial activities. A better understanding of
patterns and drivers of SMBC and SMBN in global dryland regions can
provide important insights to enhance ecosystem functioning services.
Here, we compiled 109 observations of SMBC (0-30 cm) and 79 observations
of SMBN (0-30 cm) from 100 sites across global dryland regions with
aridity index less than 0.65. The results showed that the average amount
of SMBC and SMBN in dryland regions were 358.47 ± 25.45 mg kg-1 and
51.86 ± 4.59 mg kg-1. The amount of SMBC and SMBN did significantly vary
among different dryland types and ecosystem types. Meanwhile, the ratio
of SMBC to SMBN in global dryland regions was 8.73. Soil sand fraction
and pH had significant negative effect on the ratio of SMBC to SMBN. Our
research has initially explored the pattern and control factors of soil
microbial biomass in dryland, and provided basic research data for
dryland management in the future.
A PLANT VIRUS MODIFIES ROOT VOLATILES TO ATTRACT ITS SOIL NEMATODE VECTOR TO INFECTED PLANTS
Authors: Griethuysen Pierre-Alain Van , Redeker Kelly , Neilson Roy , Hartley Sue
Published: January 2024

Plant derived volatiles mediate interactions between plants, their
pathogenic viruses, and vectors responsible for viral transmission.
These volatile-dependent mechanisms have not been demonstrated
belowground, despite soil organisms being some of the most devastating
agricultural pests. Here we identify a critical component of the signal
used by the plant virus, Tobacco Rattle Virus (TRV) to attract its soil
nematode vector. A significant modification in infected plants was
enhanced 2-ethyl-1-hexanol production. Both nematode chemotaxis and
2-ethyl-1-hexanol production correlated strongly with plant viral load.
Addition of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol to uninfected plants made them
significantly more attractive to nematodes than untreated counterparts.
Removal of TRV RNA-2 genes significantly reduced production of
2-ethyl-1-hexanol and nematode attraction. This work demonstrates, for
the first time, that TRV-driven alterations in root volatile emissions
leads to increased chemotaxis of the virus’s nematode vector, a finding
with implications for sustainable management of both soil nematodes and
viral pathogens in agricultural systems.
Quantitative understanding of HepaRG cells during drug-induced intrahepatic cholestasis through changes in bile canaliculi dynamics
Authors: Sonoi Rie , Yoshihisa Hagihara
Published: January 2024

An understanding of the quantitative relationship between bile
canaliculus (BC) dynamics and the disruption of tight junctions (TJs)
during drug-induced intrahepatic cholestasis may lead to new strategies
aimed at drug development and toxicity testing. To investigate the
relationship between BC dynamics and TJ disruption, we retrospectively
analyzed the extent of TJ disruption in response to changes in the
dynamics of BCs cultured with entacapone (ENT). Three hours after adding
ENT, the ratio of surface areas of ZO-1-negative BCs became
significantly higher (4.1-fold) than those of ZO-1-positive BCs. Based
on these data, we calculated slopes of surface area changes, m,
of each ZO-1-positive and ZO-1-negative BC and BCs with m   ≤  
15 that fell within the 95% confidence interval of ZO-1-positive BCs
were defined as ZO-1-positive BCs. To validate this method, we compared
the frequency of ZO-1-positive BCs, F, with
that of BCs with m   ≤   15, F, in
culture, using drugs that regulate TJ, or induce intrahepatic
cholestasis. F values were correlated with
F under all culture conditions ( R = 0.99). Our results indicated that the magnitude of
BC surface area change was a factor affecting TJ disruption, suggesting
that maintaining TJ integrity by slowing BC dilation inhibits cell
death.