bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Present status of Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink, in Assam, India, after a decade of its first invasion
Authors: Sarma Arup Kumar , Bhattacharyya Dhiraj , Bhattacharyya Surashmi
Published: August 2024

Background

The North Eastern Region (NER) of India is well known for its rich biodiversity and organic cultivation; however, this is one of the least investigated regions owing to its remoteness. A field study on papaya mealybug (PMB) was conducted to know its present status in Dibrugarh district of Assam, NER India, after its first entry in 2012.

Results

The pest was initially confined in urban and peri-urban localities in 2012 and has now made its entry even in remote villages too; however, many villages still remain uninfested. PMB has not damaged crops much the way it did in major papaya producing states of India. Out of 217 farmers surveyed, only 31.8% have experienced the infestation of PMB in their crops. The pest has now been recorded in places within an elevation of 98–129 m above MSL. The village homesteads help the pest establish in the ecosystem through natural host shifting. 89.9% farmers adopted either no management practices or applied non-chemical measures. We found the presence of more number of Spalgis immatures in the colonies of PMBs in hibiscus than in papaya. After the first invasion of PMB in Assam, initially it was also worried that the pest might invade tea crop and affect the tea economy of the state; however, no report on PMB infestation on tea crop has been found so far.

Conclusions

The PMB has acclimatized and established itself in the crop ecosystem of Assam by natural host shifting. The trend of infestation is constant or increasing. No programme on classical biological control of PMB was taken in the farmers’ fields of the state, but there is no hue and cry situation on the crop damage by PMB. High rainfall affected the spread of the pest and predation by Spalgis sp might have resulted in reduction in population. We recorded variable abundance of S. epeus larva in PMB colonies in different host plants based on which we can formulate the bio-control module for PMB. The detailed study on the role of rainfall and natural enemies on population dynamics of PMB is a researchable issue.
An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Analysis of Factors Contributing to Students’ Perceptions of Inclusion in Introductory STEM Courses
Authors: York Alessandra M. , Miller Kathryn G. , Cahill Michael J. , Bernstein Mindy A. , Barber Ashton M. , Blomgren Hannah E. , Frey Regina F.
Published: August 2024

An exploratory mixed-methods study analyzing students' perceptions of inclusion in introductory STEM courses, where students rated course inclusion with an explanation of their score. Primary categories of academic, identity, and nonspecific were developed, with the majority being academic factors that align with evidence-based teaching practices.
Lockbox enrichment facilitates manipulative and cognitive activities for mice
Authors: Hohlbaum Katharina , Andresen Niek , Mieske Paul , Kahnau Pia , Lang Benjamin , Diederich Kai , Palme Rupert , Mundhenk Lars , Sprekeler Henning , Hellwich Olaf , Thöne-Reineke Christa , Lewejohann Lars
Published: August 2024

Background Due to the lack of complexity and variety of stimuli, conventional housing conditions of laboratory mice do not allow these animals to fully express their behavioral repertoire, including manipulative and cognitive activities. Therefore, we designed mechanical puzzles, so-called lockboxes, for mice that can be provided in their home cages. We investigated the impact of the lockbox enrichment on their phenotype and affective state when compared to conventional housing (CH) and super-environmental enrichment (SEE). Methods Young adult female C57BL/6JCrl mice were examined before and after 2-month exposure to the different types of enrichment in a phenotyping test battery, including tests for trait and state anxiety-related behavior, calorimetric measurements, body weight measurements, the analysis of stress hormone metabolite concentrations, and sequential problem-solving abilities with a novel lockbox. At the end of the study, adrenal gland weights were determined and pathohistological evaluation was performed. For all continuous variables, the relative variability was calculated. Results While the different types of enrichment affected trait anxiety-related behavior, neither state anxiety-related behavior nor physiological variables (i.e., bodyweight, resting metabolic rate, stress hormone metabolite concentrations, adrenal gland weights) were influenced. LE improved sequential problem-solving (i.e., solving novel lockboxes) when compared to SEE. Regardless of the housing condition, the relative variability increased in most variables over time, although the coefficient of variation decreased for some variables, especially in animals with access to LE. There was no evidence of toxicopathological effects associated with the material from which the lockboxes were made. Conclusions All lockboxes are available as open-source tool. LE revealed beneficial effects on the affective state of laboratory mice and their performance in solving novel lockboxes. Neither relevant phenotype of the mice nor reproducibility of the data were compromised by LE, similar to SEE. The lockboxes may also be used as novel approach for assessing cognition in mice.
Efficacy of Gabapentin in the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Zaucha Radosław , Gajkiewicz Magdalena , Zając Małgorzata , Silldorff Julia , Fura Tomasz , Dudek Marcin , Felińska Zuzanna , Iszczuk Oliwia , Anczyk Stanisław , Jaskółka Magdalena
Published: August 2024

Introduction:
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a significant medical condition characterized by an inability to control alcohol use despite adverse consequences, ranging from occasional excessive drinking to daily dependency. Treatment for AUD involves a combination of pharmacological and behavioral approaches. Common medications include Disulfiram, Naltrexone, and Acamprosate, with newer therapies like gabapentin providing additional options. This review aims to systematically evaluate and synthesize available research concerning the use of gabapentin in the treatment of AUD.
Methods:
This review was created based on 4 articles found in PubMed and Pubmed database based on keywords: "alcohol use disorder", "gabapentine in alcohol use disorder" and "gabapentine".
State of knowledge:
Gabapentin was originally developed for its anticonvulsant properties and tts primary use was to treat epilepsy by reducing the frequency of seizures in patients with refractory epilepsy. Gabapentin’s effectiveness in treating Alcohol Use Disorder is founded on its ability to modulate neuronal excitability. Recent RCTs have demonstrated the efficacy of gabapentin in alcohol use disorder, especially for patients with a history of significant alcohol withdrawal symptoms, though the extended-release formulation of gabapentin proved ineffective.
Conculsions:
The overall findings suggest gabapentin holds promise as a treatment for AUD, particularly in individuals with significant withdrawal symptoms, but additional studies are required to fully establish its efficacy and optimal use.
Abdominoplasty in a patient after bariatric surgery – case study
Authors: Flis Blanka , Niekurzak Karolina , Jędrak Maciej , Józefiak Maciej , Sobkiewicz Piotr
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Up to 96% of patients after bariatric surgery struggle with excess skin, which negatively affects their daily functioning due to frequent skin infections, difficulties with sexual activity and physical exercise, as well as discomfort, especially in social situations. Abdominoplasty is a surgical procedure that allows post-bariatric patients to resolve these problems. At the same time, like any surgical intervention, the incidence of complications is relatively low. These potential complications after surgery include mainly superficial wound dehiscence or other minor complications. 
Purpose of the work: This study aims to detail the stages of abdominoplasty performed on a post-bariatric surgery patient and to demonstrate the outcomes achieved. 
Materials and methods: In this study, the individual case study method was used. The subject of the study was a 36-year-old woman after bariatric surgery who, having lost more than fifty kilograms and already having a normal BMI= 23.88 kg/m², applied for an abdominoplasty procedure. For practical reasons, despite indications for a circular abdominoplasty, the patient underwent a classic abdominoplasty complemented by liposuction.   
Results: During the abdominoplasty procedure, liposuction of the lateral fat tissue was performed, along with the removal of a skin-fat fold weighing over 1 kilogram, reinforcement of the abdominal muscles, and repositioning of the navel.  The patient left the clinic without any drainage in place. After 8 days, the sutures placed during the operation were removed and after 4 weeks, the effects of the surgery were also verified by photo documentation. The abdominoplasty performed in the post-bariatric patient allowed for the successful removal of the excess skin after a considerable amount of weight loss. The procedure required meticulous planning and adaptation of surgical methods and techniques to the patient's living situation.
Efficacy of novel drugs hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor in therapy of posttransplant anemia. A review
Authors: Pawlowski Piotr , Rybak Julia , Bieganek Paula , Sadłowski Bartosz , Łukaszewicz Stanisław , Kordialik Jakub , Sarnacka Sandra , Koćwin Julia , Tokarski Michał , Tokarska Angelika
Published: August 2024

Introduction
The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of novel drugs from the group of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors, using roxadustat as an example, in the treatment of anemia occurring in kidney recipients. In the  study, we included data from recent original papers that examined the efficacy of these drugs in the treatment of post-transplant anemia. We assumed an absolute increase in hemoglobin concentration as a factor expressing the effectiveness of the therapy.
 
Aim of the study
The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of novel drugs from the group of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors, using roxadustat as an example, in the treatment of anemia occurring in kidney recipients. In the  study, we included data from recent original papers that examined the efficacy of these drugs in the treatment of post-transplant anemia. We assumed an absolute increase in hemoglobin concentration as a factor expressing the effectiveness of the therapy.
 
Materials and Methods
This review was conducted using publications available in databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and ScienceDirect. These databases were searched using keywords such as hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, roxadustat, anemia, kidney transplant, posttransplant anemia, chronic kidney disease. The time range of published articles was set to 2017-2024, and some older publications were included if they were considered to bring valuable background information necessary for understanding the issue. Articles written in English and Polish were sought; however, all publications used in this review were in English. The main reason of bias of this study may be the limited group of participants that may not be sufficiently representative, the lack of randomization in some studies, and the limited number of publications in the problem area.
Importance of physical activity in the treatment of hemophilia
Authors: Ziojła-Lisowska Kinga , Cieplińska Aleksandra , Kuzio Agnieszka , Jama Grzegorz
Published: August 2024

Hemophilia is a genetically determined bleeding disorder characterized by a tendency for spontaneous bleeding, mainly into the joints, which can lead to arthropathy and significantly reduce the quality of a patient's life. The objective of this paper is to review the published literature on the impact of physical activity on the course of the disease and its role in current therapeutic protocols. Online databases were used to search for literature. The retrieved articles were analyzed. The review mainly included literature published after 2016. In the past, physical exercise was not recommended for people with hemophilia, primarily due to concerns about joint bleeding and the development of hemophilic arthropathy. Currently, regular, moderate physical activity plays a crucial role in the management of hemophilia, helping to strengthen muscles and improve joint stability, which can reduce the risk of bleeding. This shift in perspective is largely due to the availability of effective therapeutic options, mainly involving the replacement clotting factors. However, entirely new hopes for a permanent cure and the maintenance of physical fitness are brought by modern gene therapy treatments. Physical activity is essential for maintaining the health and fitness of individuals with hemophilia, and most exercises are safe due to effective prophylactic treatment. In addition to the benefits for joint health, regular exercise also helps prevent many lifestyle-related diseases.
Code and Data Repository for Regret Minimization and Separation in Multi-Bidder, Multi-Item Auctions
Authors: Koçyiğit Çağıl , Kuhn Daniel , Rujeerapaiboon Napat
Published: August 2024

This repository aims to showcase the effectiveness of our proposed regret-minimizing mechanism against various benchmark mechanisms.
Code and Data Repository for A FAST Method for Nested Estimation
Authors: Liang Guo , Zhang Kun , Luo Jun
Published: August 2024

The goal of this software is to demonstrate the effect of the jackkniFe-bAsed neSted simulaTion (FAST) method proposed in "A FAST Method for Nested Estimation" by Guo Liang, Jun Luo and Kun Zhang. Nested estimation involves estimating an expectation of a function of a conditional expectation, and has many important applications in operations research and machine learning. However, the mean squared error (MSE) of the standard nested simulation (SNS) is only of order Γ − 2 / 3 , where Γ is the total simulation budget. Our proposed FAST method improves the convergence speed to Γ − 4 / 5 . Each folder contains a README.md file for more specific information.
Comment on “Salesforce Compensation with Inventory Considerations”
Authors: Rodríguez Fabrizio
Published: August 2024

This note critically analyzes the conditions for equilibrium existence in a model involving incentive schemes and inventory management. It identifies a technical flaw where equilibrium is asserted to exist under certain parameter values when, in fact, it does not. However, by introducing a reasonable assumption that inventory can only be ordered in sufficiently large increments, the qualitative outcomes and key insights remain intact.

This paper was accepted by Jeannette Song, operations management.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.03914 .
English Needs by Hotel Receptionists in Sikka: An Analysis of English for Hospitality
Authors: Al-Jufri Nailil Hikmah , Nasa Rikardus , Mayaputri Velmi
Published: August 2024

The urgency of this research is to improve the quality of hotel services in the Sikka district by identifying hotel receptionist’s needs and challenges in using English. In addition, understanding the English communication needs of hotel receptionists may provide beneficial insight into the industry of hotels and hospitality. This research aims to analyze the English needs of hotel receptionists and identify the importance of using English and the challenges often faced in communicating using English. This research was conducted in several hotels in the Sikka district using qualitative methods. This research employs in-depth interviews with 4 hotel receptionists to gain comprehensive data. The results showed that good English skills are indispensable for receptionists to serve guests more effectively, provide accurate information, handle complaints or special requests from foreign guests, create positive experiences, and support the growth of the hotel business. In addition, this research found that the main challenges faced by receptionists in communicating using English include a lack of technical vocabulary, difficulty understanding different accents and dialects, and constraints in responding quickly and appropriately in emergencies. Solutions to overcome the challenges are continuous and focused English training is essential to overcome these challenges and improve the communication skills of hotel receptionists. In addition, the use of technology such as translator apps can help language obstacles in real-time. In this case, receptionists can be more confident and competent in using English, thus providing better service to international guests.
Texture Profile Analysis of Lamtoro Gung (Leucaena leucocephala ssp. Glabrata (Rose) S. Zarate) Tempeh
Authors: Fitriani Aprilia , Haliza Miftah Nur , Utami Nurul Putrie , Nyambayo Isabella , Sanayei Sanaz , Rahmadhia Safinta Nurindra
Published: August 2024

Lamtoro Gung seeds are low in fat content but rich in protein. Lamtoro Gung is often used as an alternative protein source. Lamtoro Gung is usually taken as a prepared meal containing grains and nuts. It is germinated and utilized in a variety of dishes, including the production of tempeh. However, nothing has been done to explain the textural profile of Lamtoro Gung tempeh, which is made by fermentation processes in various packaging materials such as plastic, banana leaves, and teak leaves. This study aims to evaluate the textural characteristics of Lamtoro Gung tempeh produced using different packaging materials and fermentation periods. This study contributes to understanding how packaging variations affect the texture of Lamtoro Gung tempeh. Tempeh made from teak leaf packaging and fermented for four days offered better texture profile hardness (195.38 N), cohesiveness (0.46), gumminess (81.57 N), and chewiness (54.99 N) higher than banana leaves; hardness (49.90 N), cohesiveness (0.29), gumminess (14.52 N), and chewiness (10.14 N) but similar to plastic; hardness (165.28 N), cohesiveness (0.45), gumminess (74.23 N), and chewiness (50.35 N). Therefore, packaging material impacts the texture profile of tempeh fermented from Lamtoro Gung seeds. Sensory evaluation of the tempeh would need to be investigated to check consumer acceptance of the product.
Analisis Bentuk dan Isi Syair Adat Tung Piong di Desa Koting D Kecamatan Koting
Authors: Revilia Yuliana
Published: August 2024

Dampak langsung dari globalisasi adalah tergerusnya,bahasa,seni,serta adat-istiadat yang selama ini dijaga dan dilestarikan oleh nenek moyang,akan hilang dan tidak dikenali lagi oleh generasi muda yang hidup di zaman sekarang.padahal sastra lisan adat istiadat justru memiliki nilai-nilai karakter yang mampu menjadi pedoman dalam hidup bermasyarakat berbangsa dan bernegara.berhadapan dengan tradisi syair adat ritual tung piong yang merupakan bagian dari syair adat yang belakangan eksisitensinya mulai hilang oleh perkembangan globalisasi.tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan bentuk dan isi dari syair adat ritual tung piong di watu mahang dan wu’a mahe pada masyarakat di desa koting d, kecamatan koting . Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan strukturalisme. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskripsi kualitatif. Sumber data diperoleh secara langsung dari pemegang adat berupa tuturan yang dilantunkan pada saat melakukan ritual tung piong. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik simak, rekam   dan catat. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan tahapan perangkuman data, penyajian data, verifikasi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu syair adat yang terdapat pada tung piong di watu mahang terdiri dari 3 bait, bait pertama terdiri dari 4 larik, bait kedua terdiri dari 4 larik dan bait ketiga terdiri dari 5 larik. Setiap baris terdiri dari 8 sampai 10 suku kata. Sedangkan pada syair adat di wu’a mahe terdiri dari 2 bait, bait pertama terdiri dari 4 larik, bait kedua terdiri dari 6 larik. Setiap baris terdiri dari 8 sampai 10 suku kata. Isi dari syair adat tung piong watu mahang dan wu’a mahe berisi tentang permohonan, ucapan syukur, sebagai bentuk penghormatan kepada sang pencipt, alam dan leleuhur.
Pengaruh Kesiapan Belajar Siswa Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran IPS Kelas VII di SMP Negeri 3 Paga
Authors: Lejo Benifalsius Dode
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh kesiapan belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS Kelas Vll di SMPN 3 Paga. Dalam penelitian ini jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Ex-Post Facto. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif, karena metode kuantitatif adalah metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk meneliti populasi atau sampel tertentu, pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen penelitian, analisis data bersifat analisis statistik dengan tujuan untuk menguji hipotesis yang telah ditetapkan. Hipotesis dalam penelitian ini adalah Ho : Tidak terdapat pengaruh yang positif  antara kesiapan belajar dengan hasil belajar mata pelajaran IPS di SMPN 3 Paga dan Ha : Terdapat pengaruh yang positif  antara kesiapan belajar dengan hasil belajar mata pelajaran IPS kelas VII di SMPN 3 Paga dengan persamaan regresi (R2) = 0,346 berarti variabel kesiapan belajar (X) berpengaruh terhadap (mampu menjelaskan variasi) variabel hasil belajar (Y) sebesar 34,6%,  sedangkan variabel lain yang tidak diteliti berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar (Y) sebesar 65,4%. dari pengujian uji “t” menghasilkan T hitung = 4,981 dan sig = 0,000 sig α (0,000 0,05) berarti kesiapan belajar (X) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar (Y).
Profil Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran LOK-R Bermuatan Etnosains
Authors: Fiqry Rizalul , Agustinasari Agustinasari
Published: August 2024

Keterampilan berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu keterampilan berpikir yang harus dimiliki oleh semua orang dalam menghadapi tuntutan abad ke-21. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengasah keterampilan berpikir kritis salah satunya yaitu penerapan model dan media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa melalui model pembelajaran LOK-R bermuatan etnosains. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksploratif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk menggali dan menganalisis data sesuai kondisi di lapangan. Subyek penelitian yaitu mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika berjumlah 6 orang yang memprogram mata kuliah fisika dasar. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah soal keterampilan berpikir kritis. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis secara persentase kuantitatif dengan pembahasan secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profil keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa melalui model pembelajaran LOK-R bermuatan etnosains berdasarkan persentase klasikal yaitu 33% mahasiswa berada pada kriteria tinggi, 17% mahasiswa berada pada kriteria rendah dan 50% mahasiswa berada pada kriteria sangat rendah. Sedangkan ditinjau dari indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis disimpulkan bahwa: 1) memberikan penjelasan sederhana berada pada kriteria tinggi, 2) membangun keterampilan dasar berada pada kriteria rendah, 3) membuat simpulan berada pada kriteria sedang, 4) membuat penjelasan lebih lanjut berada pada kriteria rendah, 5) menentukan strategi dan taktik  untuk menyelesaikan masalah berada pada kriteria sangat rendah. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahwa rata-rata keterampilan berpikir mahasiswa perlu ditingkatkan, perlu upaya sistematis dalam upaya memperbaiki proses pembelajaran agar dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa.
Pengaruh Pendapatan Orang Tua terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Kelas 8 di MTs Nur Wahid Gunung Sari
Authors: Ina Hasmiana Restu Uwa
Published: August 2024

Keluarga dengan pendapatan rendah seringkali menghadapi kendala dalam memenuhi pendidikan anak-anaknya karena prioritas utama mereka adalah memenuhi kebutuhan pokok. Hal ini mengakibatkan alokasi dana untuk pendidikan menjadi sangat kecil atau bahkan tidak ada sama sekali. Dengan  begitu tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendapatan orang tua terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS kelas 8 Di MTS Nurwahid Gunung Sari. Menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 21 siswa kelas 8 MTS Nurwahid Gunung Sari. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket tertutup. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji asumsi klasik dan analisis regresi linear sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis diperoleh bahwa pendapatan orang tua tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan hasil penelitian yang mengatakan  nilai signifikansi yang diperoleh sebesar 0,335 dimana signifikansi 0,335 0.05. ini menunjukan bahwa ternyata pendapatan orang tua di sekolah MTS Nur Wahid Gunung Sari tidak ada pengaruh pada hasil belajar siswa – siswinya. Kemudian dilihat juga dari nilai R2 = 0,049 atau sebesar 4,9 % sedangkan sisanya sebesar 95,1 % disumbangkan variabel lain diluar dari penelitian, ini menunjukan bahwa kontribusi variabel pendapatan orang tua terhadap hasil belajar berkontribusi kecil. sehingga. Hal ini berarti bahwa semakin tinggi pendapatan orang tua belum tentu hasil belajar anak ikut meningkat dan sebaliknya semakin rendah pendapatan orang tua belum tentu hasil belajar anak ikut menurun.
Inovasi Pembelajaran Matematika oleh Guru SMP Negeri Reroroja
Authors: Anomeisa Agnesia Bergita , Dhema Magdalena , Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih , Dahimong Alsanta Herlina , Martha Yanista Dua , Rahiyawati Rahiyawati , Safrudin Nurfitriah
Published: August 2024

Inovasi dalam pembelajaran matematika dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pembelajaran yang beragam, sehingga penelitian inovasi pembelajaran matematika oleh guru sangat penting untuk mendorong pemerataan kualitas Pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana inovasi pembelajaran matematika yang telah dilaksanakan oleh guru Matematika di SMP Negeri Reroroja Maumere yang ditinjau dari aspek pengembangan profesional, aspek kolaborasi dan dukungan sejawat, aspek ketersediaan sumber daya, aspek kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, serta aspek penggunaan teknologi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Angket ini diisi oleh guru Matematika SMP Negeri Reroroja sejumlah tiga orang, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan wawancara untuk mendapatkan informasi lain yang tidak didapatkan atau untuk memperkuat jawaban dari angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru telah berpartisipasi di berbagai kegiatan pengembangan profesional yang berfokus pada praktik pengajaran namun penerapannya masih sangat kurang. Guru matematika SMP Negeri Reroroja merupakan anggota Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP) Matematika di Kabupaten Sikka. Dalam pengembangan profesional, guru kurang didukung dengan ketersediaan sumber daya yang memadai. Dalam aspek kepemimpinan kepala sekolah masih dirasa kurang adanya pelatihan terhadap guru mengenai pembelajaran yang inovatif di sekolah. Penerapan teknologi dalam praktik mengajar matematika tergolong kurang.
Programa ALI rural como instrumento de contribuição para desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar em Grajaú, Maranhão, Brasil
Authors: Carvalho Débora Araújo de , Macedo Elison Silva de
Published: August 2024

O desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar e sua incorporação nos mercados têm direta relação com as instituições e efetivação de políticas públicas inclusivas. Objetivou-se aplicar as ferramentas do programa Ali rural do Sebrae, em negócios rurais de 14 agricultores familiares de Grajaú, Maranhão, Brasil, com intuito de contribuir para o avanço e fortalecimento da agricultura familiar no município. Durante os oito meses de vigência do programa, os produtores receberam oito visitas presenciais em suas propriedades e participaram de dois encontros coletivos com oficinas voltadas para necessidade de melhoria do negócio rural deles. No total foram dez encontros. As ações de inovações foram executadas no período de dezembro de 2021 a julho de 2022. Resultados obtidos em apenas oito meses de programa foram positivos e indicam eficiência do programa Ali rural, bem como de suas ferramentas de melhorias. Houve significativos avanços dos empreendimentos familiares nas dimensões: melhoria processo produtivo, controles gerenciais, redução de custo, novos produtos, marketing e vendas. Na prática, Grajaú possui empreendimentos rurais em ascensão de estruturação e organização. Uma vez essas melhorias sendo contínuas nesses negócios, ter-se-á uma agricultura familiar empreendedora com maior expertise comercial e como consequência melhoria na segurança alimentar e nutricional do município, além do fortalecimento da renda.
Participação da Jornada ALI rural na inovação empresarial do setor agropecuário Maranhense
Authors: Macedo Luciana de Paula Costa Alves , Macedo Elison Silva de , Silva Cícero Alexandre de Almeida e , Fraga Filho Adalberto Cardoso
Published: August 2024

O Maranhão é um estado de vasta extensão territorial ao qual possui um alto potencial produtivo devido às suas características naturais favoráveis. Os municípios de Alto Alegre do Maranhão, Bacabal, São Luís Gonzaga do Maranhão e Vitorino Freire destacam-se pela diversidade econômica impulsionada pelo setor agrícola. O investimento em capacitação e assistência técnica pode desempenhar um papel fundamental na capacitação desses agricultores para adotar práticas mais sustentáveis e eficientes. O estudo foi conduzido em quatro municípios do estado do Maranhão, mobilizando 41 empresários rurais de diversos segmentos produtivos. O objetivo era avaliar o impacto das inovações implementadas durante a jornada ALI rural em seus empreendimentos agrícolas. A jornada ALI consistiu em oito encontros individuais e dois coletivos, adotando uma abordagem sistêmica com a utilização de planos de melhoria e ferramentas destinadas a alcançar resultados tangíveis para os empresários rurais. Houve observação de transformações e inovações nas propriedades rurais, como melhorias nos controles gerenciais, adoção de práticas como o uso de palhada nas plantações e a implantação de biodigestores para otimizar os recursos provenientes das atividades agropecuárias, além da divulgação em redes sociais, entre outras iniciativas. Ficou evidente que mesmo pequenas ações dos empresários rurais podem gerar impactos. O comprometimento de todos os empresários rurais em implementar as ações nos planos de melhoria de suas propriedades foi fundamental para impulsionar essa onda de inovação, levando a uma otimização geral dos processos e práticas agrícolas.
Análise da influência da faixa etária na inovação de empresas rurais do Maranhão pelo projeto ALI rural
Authors: Macedo Élison Silva de , Carvalho Cristina Silva , Macêdo Luciana de Paula Costa Alves , Jacinto John Nunes Santos
Published: August 2024

Os produtores têm acesso a uma rede de agentes locais de inovação capacitados, que fornecem suporte personalizado e orientação especializada por meio do Projeto Agentes Locais de Inovação Rural do Sebrae. Este estudo visa analisar o impacto do Projeto (ALI rural) na inovação de negócios rurais no estado do Maranhão, considerando a faixa etária dos empresários. A metodologia do projeto envolveu a realização de oito encontros individuais presenciais, além de dois encontros coletivos presenciais. Os produtores acompanhados foram agrupados em três faixa etárias: Adultos jovens (18 e 40 anos), adultos de meia-idade (40 a 65 anos) e idosos (com 65 anos ou mais). Foi realizada a ANOVA com o teste de Kruskall-Wallis (p < 0,05) para os dados de início e no fim do acompanhamento do projeto. Para verificar a evolução dos empresários rurais foi também realizado o teste de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney (p < 0,05). Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos de faixa etária dos produtores rurais, especialmente no que se refere à dimensão inicial de Marketing e Vendas, onde os empresários idosos demonstraram um grau de inovação significativamente inferior. A análise detalhada das dimensões do radar da inovação rural revelou uma melhoria considerável nas práticas de gestão, nos processos produtivos, no marketing e vendas, na redução de custos e no desenvolvimento de novos produtos entre os produtores rurais. Conclui-se que o Projeto Agentes Locais de Inovação Rural do Sebrae (ALI rural) promove o desenvolvimento dos negócios rurais no estado do Maranhão independente da faixa etária dos empresários.
Serving soft power
Authors: Pittham Brittany
Published: August 2024

Brittany Pittham explains why dental nurses can be such a persuasive force in the practice.
Changes in oral health status and function among older adults through professional oral care and rehabilitation exercises
Authors: Jeong Ae-Jin , Kim Nam-Sook , Lee Jung-Hwa
Published: August 2024

Objectives: To develop a program that combines the oral health promotion program for the elderly and to investigate the effect of improving oral function by applying the oral health promotion program to elderly people using welfare facilities. Methods: From June to October 2022, a total of 29 elderly individuals utilizing welfare facilities in the Gyeongnam region were recruited. The control group underwent surveys and objective oral health assessments. The experimental group participated in an oral health promotion program, consisting of oral functional rehabilitation exercises and expert oral health management, conducted once a week for 8 weeks at the facilities. Objective oral health assessments were conducted before, during (at 4 weeks), and after (at 8 weeks) the intervention period for both groups. Results: As a result of the oral health promotion program, it was confirmed that there was an improvement effect in bad breath (p<0.001), saliva secretion amount (p<0.001), orbicularis oculi muscle (p<0.001), and plaque index (p<0.001). Conclusions: A revitalization plan is needed so that the efficient oral health promotion program for the elderly can be reflected as a systematic and professional community care oral health management program.
Awareness and needs for intellectual property education among health-related department university students
Authors: Hwang Ji-Eun , Park Ji-Won , Jang Jong-Hwa
Published: August 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to measure the awareness and needs for intellectual property (IP) education among university students majoring in health-related fields to inform the development of future IP education curricula. Methods: The study was conducted through an online survey from January 5 to 26, 2024, targeting students from the health-related departments (Department of Physical Therapy, Health Administration, Clinical Laboratory Science, and Dental Hygiene) at Dankook University located in Cheonan City, Chungcheongnam-do. Results: A total of 151 students participated in the survey. Among the respondents, 84.8% were women, and the largest groups of respondents were from the Health Administration and Dental Hygiene departments, each accounting for 32.5%. Only 13.9% of the respondents had taken courses related to IP, and 22.5% had related activity experience. The overall average importance score of IP education was 3.88 (±0.80), and the overall average need score was 3.78 (±0.80). An Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) Matrix analysis revealed that 13 topics fell into the first quadrant (high importance, high need), one topic into the second quadrant (low importance, high need), 18 topics into the third quadrant (low importance, low need), and four topics into the fourth quadrant (high importance, low need). The educational topics identified as first quadrant include ‘Securing patent rights’, ‘Requirements for patent registration’, ‘Effects and contents of patent rights’, ‘Patent infringement and remedies’, and ‘Effects and contents of copyrights’. Conclusions: Future IP education programs should develop innovative educational content and methods that consider both the importance and needs to increase students’ interest and engagement.
Relationship between digital literacy level and major satisfaction in dental hygiene students
Authors: Lee Min-A , Jang Jong-Hwa
Published: August 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the digital literacy and major satisfaction levels of dental hygiene students and identify the interrelationships between them as well as the factors related to major satisfaction. Methods: An online survey was using a structured questionnaire was conducted with 223 dental hygiene students. Digital literacy and major satisfaction were measured using a 5-point Likert scale, and correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: The participants’ digital literacy averaged 3.87 points, and their major satisfaction averaged 3.82 points. The digital literacy factor related to major satisfaction was critical thinking skills (β=0.747, p<0.001). This indicates that the higher the critical thinking skills, the higher the major satisfaction. The explanatory power of the model was 63.7%. Conclusions: Critical thinking skills as a factor of digital literacy were found to influence dental hygiene students’ major satisfaction, suggesting that a curriculum that can increase critical thinking can improve major satisfaction.
A study on the association between electric toothbrush use on calculus formation and periodontal tissue condition in Korean adults: 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Lee So-Hyeon , Ahn Ha-Young , Jung Yun-Sook
Published: August 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the relationship between electric toothbrush use and the presence of community periodontal index (CPI) code calculus among Korean adults. Methods: Data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression analysis with a complex sampling design was conducted, adjusting for general characteristic factors. Analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics 29.0. Results: Among the participants, the prevalence of electric toothbrush users was 5.3%. Within this group, 4.7% had periodontal disease, whereas 5.9% did not (p=0.025). Even after adjusting for general characteristics factors in model Ⅱ of electric toothbrush use, the odds ratio remained statistically significant at 0.791 (95% CI: 0.631-0.992) in all cases. Conclusions: Electric toothbrush use appears to be associated with potential benefits in managing the CPI code calculus distribution; however, evidence supporting this notion remains insufficient. The study findings suggest that these results could be a basis for future studies related to oral hygiene products and the design of oral health promotion programs.
Perspectives on conducting “sex-normalising” intersex surgeries conducted in infancy: A systematic review
Authors: Muschialli Luke , Allen Connor Luke , Boy-Mena Evelyn , Malik Aiysha , Pallitto Christina , Nihlén Åsa , Gonsalves Lianne
Published: August 2024

Children with intersex variations continue to be subject to elective, irreversible, “sex-normalising” surgical interventions, despite multiple human rights and legislative bodies calling for their prohibition. Our systematic review aims to understand how medical literature reports rationales for “sex-normalising” surgical interventions conducted in childhood, and how they are contextualised within the medical and social controversy surrounding such interventions. PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched for English language, peer-reviewed articles reporting primary data on elective, genital, “sex-normalising” surgical interventions conducted on individuals <10 years, published 01/07/2006-30/06/2023 (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023460871). Data on outcomes reported, rationale for the conduct and timing of interventions and acknowledgement of controversy were extracted. Narrative synthesis described rationales and controversy. Risk of bias was assessed using Johanna Briggs Institute Tools. 11,042 records were retrieved, with 71 articles included for analysis. One of the most common outcomes collected in included literature were cosmetic outcomes, primarily reported by surgeons or parents. 62.0% of studies reported no rationale for intervention timing, 39.4% reported no rationale for conduct and 52.1% acknowledged no controversy in intervention conduct. Rationales included parental desire for intervention, anatomical/functional/cosmetic reasons, and a perceived goal of aligning with sex assigned by surgical teams or parents. Controversies addressed included concerns about the quality of interventions, the ethics of intervention conduct and gendered and social considerations. “Sex-normalising” interventions are conducted based largely on rationales that were not adequately supported by evidence, a desire from parents and surgeons to match genital cosmesis typically ascribed to male and female bodies, and a parental desire for intervention conduct. Legislating and medical regulatory bodies should advocate for ending the conduct of irreversible, elective, “sex-normalising” interventions conducted without the full, free and informed consent of the person concerned, to promote and protect the highest attainable standard of health for people with intersex variations.
Metabarcoding study of potential pathogens and zoonotic risks associated with dog feces in Seoul, South Korea
Authors: Liyanagama Isuru , Oh Singeun , Choi Jun Ho , Yi Myung-hee , Kim Myungjun , Yun Sohyeon , Kang Dongjun , Kim Soo Lim , Ojeda Ayala Maria Gloria , Odua Fred , Yong Tai-Soon , Kim Ju Yeong
Published: August 2024

Background

A significant portion of South Korea’s population, approximately a quarter, owns pets, with dogs being the most popular choice among them. However, studies analyzing the fecal organism communities of dogs in South Korea are lacking, and limited efforts have been exerted to identify pathogens with potential zoonotic implications. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate potential pathogens using metabarcoding analysis and evaluate the risk of zoonotic diseases in dog feces in Seoul, South Korea.

Methodology

Fecal samples were collected from both pet and stray dogs in the Mapo district of Seoul. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was utilized, employing 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to identify prokaryotic pathogens, and 18S rRNA amplicon sequencing for eukaryotic pathogens. The data obtained from the QIIME2 pipeline were subjected to various statistical analyses to identify different putative pathogens and their compositions.

Principal findings

Significant variations in microbiota composition were found between stray and pet dogs, and putative prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens were identified. The most prevalent putative bacterial pathogens were Fusobacterium, Helicobacter, and Campylobacter. The most prevalent putative eukaryotic pathogens were Giardia, Pentatrichomonas, and Cystoisospora. Interestingly, Campylobacter, Giardia, and Pentatrichomonas were found to be significantly more prevalent in stray dogs than in pet dogs. The variation in the prevalence of potential pathogens in dog feces could be attributed to environmental factors, including dietary variances and interactions with wildlife, particularly in stray dogs. These factors likely contributed to the observed differences in pathogen occurrence between stray and pet dogs.

Conclusions/Significance

This study offers valuable insights into the zoonotic risks associated with dog populations residing in diverse environments. By identifying and characterizing putative pathogens in dog feces, this research provides essential information on the impact of habitat on dog-associated pathogens, highlighting the importance of public health planning and zoonotic risk management.
Analyzing chaos and superposition of lump waves with other waves in the time-fractional coupled nonlinear schördinger equation
Authors: Majid Sheikh Zain , Asjad Muhammad Imran , Riaz Muhammad Bilal , Muhammad Taseer
Published: August 2024

This article aims to study the time fractional coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which explains the interaction between modes in nonlinear optics and Bose-Einstein condensation. The proposed generalized projective Riccati equation method and modified auxiliary equation method extract a more efficient and broad range of soliton solutions. These include novel solutions like a combined dark-lump wave soliton, multiple dark-lump wave soliton, two dark-kink solitons, flat kink-lump wave, multiple U-shaped with lump wave, combined bright-dark with high amplitude lump wave, bright-dark with lump wave and kink dark-periodic solitons are derived. The travelling wave patterns of the model are graphically presented with suitable parameters in 3D, density, contour and 2D surfaces, enhancing understanding of parameter impact. The proposed model’s dynamics were observed and presented as quasi-periodic chaotic, periodic systems and quasi-periodic. This analysis confirms the effectiveness and reliability of the method employed, demonstrating its applicability in discovering travelling wave solitons for a wide range of nonlinear evolution equations.
Seizure onset and offset pattern determine the entrainment of the cortex and substantia nigra in the nonhuman primate model of focal temporal lobe seizures
Authors: Connolly Mark J. , Jiang Sujin , Samuel Lim C. , Gutekunst Claire-Anne , Gross Robert E. , Devergnas Annaelle
Published: August 2024

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of drug-resistant epilepsy. A major focus of human and animal studies on TLE network has been the limbic circuit. However, there is also evidence suggesting an active role of the basal ganglia in the propagation and control of temporal lobe seizures. Here, we characterize the involvement of the substantia nigra (SN) and somatosensory cortex (SI) during temporal lobe (TL) seizures induced by penicillin injection in the hippocampus (HPC) of two nonhuman primates. The seizure onset and offset patterns were manually classified and spectral power and coherence were calculated. We then compared the 3-second segments recorded in pre-ictal, onset, offset and post-ictal periods based on the seizure onset and offset patterns. Our results demonstrated an involvement of the SN and SI dependent on the seizure onset and offset pattern. We found that low amplitude fast activity (LAF) and high amplitude slow activity (HAS) onset patterns were associated with an increase in activity of the SN while the change in activity was limited to LAF seizures in the SI. However, the increase in HPC/SN coherence was specific to the farther-spreading LAF onset pattern. As for the role of the SN in seizure cessation, we observed that the coherence between the HPC/SN was reduced during burst suppression (BS) compared to other termination phases. Additionally, we found that this coherence returned to normal levels after the seizure ended, with no significant difference in post-ictal periods among the three types of seizure offsets. This study constitutes the first demonstration of TL seizures entraining the SN in the primate brain. Moreover, these findings provide evidence that this entrainment is dependent on the onset and offset pattern and support the hypothesis that the SN might play a role in the maintenance and termination of some specific temporal lobe seizure.