bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blockchain in post-trade: Blocked by regulations and legal challenges
Authors: Al Salmi Haitham
Published: July 2024

This paper analyses the reluctance towards the implementation of blockchain in financial markets and post-trade. It discusses possible barriers to replacing current post-trade systems with blockchain and distributed ledger technology (DLT). It focuses on the regulatory challenges facing post-trade operations. Blockchain and DLT have created considerable disruption to financial markets. Although the technologies increase efficiency, reduce costs and increase security, blockchain and DLT raise many challenges that work against current processes and regulations. It has been identified that post-trade functions potentially benefit from the implementation of new technologies such as blockchain and DLT. Many markets have launched different types of initiatives and pilots to test the application of blockchain or DLT. Many real final products on blockchain and DLT are, however, still in pilot stages. Of the various challenges impeding successful implementation, the highest identified obstacle relates to regulatory challenges. Regulatory challenges facing post-trade functions can sound the death knell as post-trade functions are highly regulated and very critical to the securities market. Legal concerns about the implementation of blockchain and DLT vary between the need for solutions and the need for upgrades in regulations. Some points require further investigations and analysis to solve such legal concerns. On the other hand, some points require the current regimes to upgrade and incorporate the new structure that blockchain and DLT follow. The new regulations need to create adequate governance on the new database and workflow to define processes and definitions that build trust in the new system and protect investors and data. All regulators need to investigate the need to update current regulations and introduce new regimes to govern the use of blockchain and DLT in current trades and trade processes.
A security concept for a global factory network : Practical considerations in implementation
Authors: Voeth Michael , Patterson Clare , Stemmann Jannis
Published: July 2024

On top of information technology (IT) security risks faced by almost all companies, manufacturers need to deal with additional challenges from operating their own factories. For example, typical difficulties arise from legacy systems, proprietary communication protocols and real-time requirements in highly automated production environments. At the same time, budget constraints need to be considered, as manufacturers often face strong competition (plants are usually unprofitable at low utilisation, and therefore each competitor has a strong incentive to lower prices down to the marginal cost of production). This paper explains the combined IT and operational technology (OT) security concept used by a corporation with a global manufacturing footprint operating in various industry sectors. Lessons learned from testing some security tools are included. In order to scale know-how and make security more affordable for companies in similar situations, the concept of a curated marketplace is introduced, and its implementation described.
Improving efficiency in airport finance: A review of airport charging and slot effectiveness
Authors: Giesberts Ludger
Published: July 2024

This paper deals with the regulatory regime governing airport charges, and introduces the European Commission's current plan of 2005 for setting up a Community-wide framework in this area. It shows how airport charges can be used to improve airport efficiency and thus raise additional finance. More specifically, it recommends an ‘infrastructure fee’ as a tool to reduce no-show rates. Airport charge schemes for the attraction of low-cost carriers (LCCs) are also outlined, as well as the legal limits set by European Community law. Finally, ways to increase slot effectiveness are presented, and the paper describes the potential impact of slot trading as an element of future Community airport regulation.
A better workflow for Comedy Central: How a cloud-based asset management system was built from scratch using open-source tools
Authors: Gepford Kevin
Published: July 2024

Comedy Central is the television network known for satirical commentary on politics and current events, potty-mouth cartoon characters, sketch comedy shows, web redemptions and stand-up comedy. The network’s promotional efforts span print, web, social media and video. Each piece of creative content begins its life in digital form. During the development process, these video clips, graphics and web adverts require approval from a variety of internal teams and are updated in rapid-fire iterations in response to feedback. To arrive at the final edit of even a 15-second promo or a ten-second web banner advert takes days or even weeks. To streamline the process, a web-based creative review and approval system was built. The system is designed to handle routing, approval and distribution of a full range of digital file formats. In a centralised workspace, users can upload their work and view the work of others. This real-time collaboration unites three creative and production teams and improves the speed, efficiency and transparency of their collective output. The finished system achieves the main objectives that were outlined at the beginning of the project. Its usefulness will increase over time as it grows into a searchable library of all Comedy Central work — both past and present.
Intangible regional effects of regional airports: A system analysis of Switzerland
Authors: Wittmer Andreas , Bieger Thomas
Published: July 2024

The operation of airports induces various external effects. In public discussion, the evaluation of external economic effects is an important factor for the legitimation of airport infrastructures. Whereas the economic effects of main airports have been widely researched and are monetary (eg revenues and job creation), nonmonetary catalytic effects (eg structural, competence and network effects) are identified, which for regional airports are not yet broadly documented. As the direct monetary effects of airports are often quite weak, the intangible and nonmonetary catalytic effects have an important role. This paper delivers an analytical framework for the intangible and nonmonetary catalytic economic regional effects of small airports. It provides a classification of such effects and involves system analyses as a method to analyse such effects. It is a case study of Swiss regional airports Altenrhein, Bern, Sion, Lugano and Samedan.
Tracing the cityscape transformation under capitalism: The case study of Amman
Authors: Zalloom Bushra
Published: July 2024

Political, sociocultural and socioeconomic processes play a vital role in shaping and reshaping the built environment. The transformation of cities under global capitalism has changed the sociospatial meaning of the cityscape and has led, directly or indirectly, to a layered city with huge social and spatial gaps. This paper discusses the production of urban spaces under global capitalism. It traces the relation between the political and the economic aspects in transforming the morphology of the city, and in creating new means of spaces in the shape of urban regeneration projects, high-rise buildings, gated communities and shopping malls which are transforming the urban landscape of several Middle Eastern cities today. This paper focuses on the case study of Amman, the capital of Jordan, and studies the impacts of these investments on the physical and sociocultural setting of the city. Amman is just one example, and illustrates the recent transformation of the cityscape under the influence of capitalism.
What lawyers mean by ‘reasonable’ cyber security controls
Authors: Cronin Chris
Published: July 2024

Regulators, litigators and cyber security standards require that cyber security controls should be ‘reasonable’. But rarely do these authorities define what the word means. Lawyers and regulators have long stated that reasonableness is a balance between protecting others from harm and using controls that are no more burdensome than the risks they reduce. They have illustrated this concept with a calculation that is remarkably similar to risk calculations used in cyber security risk management. This paper explores an accidental collaboration between the cyber security community, judges and regulators to define reasonableness, and demonstrates to readers how they can use risk analysis to defend their security programmes as reasonable.
Payments: Refurbish or rebuild?
Authors: Slagmulder Regine , Cumps Bjorn , Dillen Yannick
Published: July 2024

The payments industry is facing its most radical change in decades. This is due to at least four change drivers – increased regulation, changing customer behaviour, technological innovation and new entrants. The sector faces increased competition from large established tech companies and small FinTech start-ups that are moving into the payments space. Based on the authors’ work with companies in the financial services industry and expert interviews, this paper identifies two distinct types of trends: those enhancing the existing payments system and those trying to build a completely new system. It is clear that a lot of the innovations focus on disintermediating the incumbent organisations. But how can these organisations best address these changes? Building on previous research the authors discuss four crucial capabilities for incumbents to master in an increasingly turbulent environment like the payments sector – designing superior customer experiences, setting up data-driven infrastructures, building multiparty collaborations and providing platform-based solutions. It is impossible for organisations to predict what will happen, but they will be better prepared for the road ahead by investing in these four capabilities.
Moving towards electronic payments in India
Authors: Banka Holti
Published: July 2024

Nowadays, the modernisation of payment systems is occurring throughout the world, the difference being the pace of modernisation in different countries. The question is no longer whether countries should adopt electronic payment instruments, as the evidence showing the cost efficiency that comes with them seems overwhelming, but rather, what the policy steps are in order to move faster towards their adoption. Certainly, India is not outside this reality. Indeed, the transition to electronic payments would lead to savings for the different segments of society in India, and would also lead to positive macroeconomic effects. This paper uses India as a case study in order to explore the shift paradigm from cash to electronic payments. The first part of the paper examines the cost issue from a theoretical perspective, showing how the cost inefficiency of cash can serve as an incentive in itself to persuade the Indian authorities to move away from its use. The second part provides policy recommendations on how the transition can be achieved in practice. More specifically, the recommendations for intervention are based on three grounds: financial inclusion; legal and regulatory framework; and innovative technology.
Delivering and managing high productivity, low cost workplaces : A data driven perspective
Authors: Lees Chris
Published: July 2024

After years of education from within and outside the real estate industry, executives recognise that the workplace is a tool they can deploy to enhance the performance of their people, attract and retain talent and impact their environmental footprint. At the same time, corporate real estate and facilities management (CRE&FM) teams are under pressure to save money. These emergent workplace expectations are often seen as conflicting with the goal to reduce operating costs. This paper explores the extent to which these expectations — implementing highspecification activity-based work settings and at the same time reducing costs — may in fact be the yin and yang of the workplace: perhaps, rather than being conflicting, they are in fact complementary. Through applied research and using data-driven approaches and models, it challenges some fundamental thinking about how a corporate real estate (CRE) organisation is structured; it considers how people’s behaviours influence their demands of the next generation workplaces; and it explores what this means for CRE operating models and the technology to support them.
Benchmarking digital preservation with the Digital Preservation Coalition’s Rapid Assessment Model: A case study
Authors: Dean Robin , Lorenzo Lisa
Published: July 2024

This paper describes how Michigan State University Libraries used the Digital Preservation Coalition’s Rapid Assessment Model (DPC RAM) to evaluate its digital preservation practices. Using the model, a small group of librarians established a baseline of digital preservation activities at the Libraries and made recommendations for incremental improvements. By keeping the working group small and consulting stakeholders as needed, the benchmarking process was completed within a short timeline and resulted in a concise report that provided a digestible and accurate picture of digital preservation initiatives at the time of the evaluation, as well as realistic goals for the next 18 months. Sharing the report with library administration led to a charge to establish working groups that would test two preservation systems and evaluate their usefulness as tools for expanding digital preservation practices at the Libraries. The format of the model ensured that evaluation and goal-setting were straightforward, even in the absence of any unit or position dedicated to digital preservation. Speaking with peers at other institutions has revealed a need for a simple tool like the DPC RAM that can be completed more quickly than other preservation evaluation frameworks, especially given the lack of administrative support for digital preservation at many institutions.
The IBM Brand System: An interview with Kevin Bishop
Authors: Jenkinson Angus , Bishop Kevin
Published: July 2024

This interview describes IBM innovations in management of its ‘brand system’, which integrates brand with organisational culture through the notion of character within a coherent, holistic approach: the organisation as a unique system of systems, embedding the principles of how the company organises into the fabric of the company, defines ‘organising ideas’, or agendas, and places them ‘at the top of the integration pyramid’. The brand system and agenda contextualise IBM's approach within the present and emerging individualistic, empowered and highly-networked world.
CDM and the implications of a step change for small projects
Authors: Leslie Andrew
Published: July 2024

This paper is based on a talk given to RICS Professional Group Board in Scotland at the Annual Conference in Glasgow on 12th November, 2015.
Social media use by legislative offices for constituent communications
Authors: Hixson Thomas Kim
Published: July 2024

An important function of a state legislator’s office staff is to communicate with constituents on a mass basis. The changing media environment challenges staffers to find new means of keeping the legislator foremost in constituents’ minds. New and social media provide an alternative to traditional media for this function. This study surveyed the legislator’s office staff in three states and was conducted by a former legislator who is a communication scholar. The qualitative data indicate recognition of the usefulness of new media, and a modest amount of its use, but a less than emphatic embrace of it. Findings also indicate benefits and limitations of social media as an alternative to the traditional modes of communication when used by legislative offices.
Smart cities and the sustainability of urban transport: Strategic directions for the metropolitan city of Naples
Authors: Palmentieri Stefania
Published: July 2024

In light of the recent guidelines of the European Commission on the Green Deal, this paper aims to offer a strategic planning strategy for the development of intelligent mobility in Naples, the metropolitan city under investigation. In recent decades, congestion linked to the exponential growth in the number of private vehicles in circulation, together with the inefficiency of the public transport system, have made urgent the adoption of huge investments and initiatives to tackle these problems with participatory governance. The analysis conducted in this paper resulted from a questionnaire to a sample of citizens surveying their mobility habits, with the aim of understanding the reasons and consequences of the inefficiency of the public transport system in the metropolitan city. This study identifies a strategic line to follow to strengthen the intelligent mobility model, which aims above all to decentralise important and valuable functions from the centre to the periphery to decongest the city; one key strategy is the upgrading and revamping of the railway, road and IT infrastructures. The use of modern technologies to improve the quality and efficiency of the system and the adaptation of parking areas to facilitate positive change, on both an urban and a metropolitan scale, as well as improve the most-used metro stations, would represent further effective urgent steps.
Using enterprise geospatial data for airport surveying and aeronautical information management programmes in the FAA
Authors: Mcnerney Mike
Published: July 2024

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has made a decision to implement digital geospatial information as the basis of data collection and verification for airport surveying and aeronautical information management. The FAA’s Airports GIS programme is a multi-year initiative designed for spatial data collection for use in airport planning and engineering. It will enhance safety by providing the FAA, airports, industry stakeholders, pilots and others with better, more accurate data for making decisions. This paper describes the progress in implementing a major change in data collection for both airport planning and aeronautical information by the FAA, utilising geospatial information and using stewardship of data from master data management principles.
Brands on the picket line: How close should companies get to their consumers’ crusades?
Authors: Hall Jules , Mottau Tim
Published: July 2024

We are an empowered population. We live in democratic nations, safe havens of free speech. And lately, we have not been afraid to show it, with protests, petitions and picket lines flooding the front pages. Increasingly, brands are getting involved in some of these important social conversations, but do consumers really want brands standing side by side with them in their moments of personal defiance? Or are there alternative expectations on how companies must behave? Taking acceptable ethical standards as a given, this paper challenges some of the accepted definitions around brand purpose to create a better construct that more authentically links to the brand’s soul and the role it plays in the lives of its consumers. Armed with this renewed definition of brand purpose, the authors contend that brands will be able to navigate their role in support of critical social causes more effectively.
The Turkish payment market and its specifics: An interview with Soner Canko
Authors: Canko Soner , Bruggink Diederik
Published: July 2024

The Turkish cashless payments market has become one of the most important markets in Europe with its strong infrastructure and many innovative products and services. Turkey is the largest market in Europe, with its 114 million debit cards, 59 million credit cards and 2.5 million terminals. BKM, with its pivotal role in the Turkish banking sector, has pioneered innovations in payments, and Turkish banks have rolled out best-in-class payment products well ahead of their counterparts in other advanced markets — BKM launched the world’s first national digital wallet. BKM developed several e-government projects and continues to develop ways to make Turkey a more cashless society. In fact, the role of BKM has turned to becoming an incubation centre for innovation in card payments systems for issuers and acquirers operating in Turkey. In this scope, Troy, the Turkish National Payment Scheme, has been initiated by issuers and acquirers in Turkey and has been developed in close collaboration with all stakeholders: BKM, issuers and acquirers. In this interview, Soner Canko, CEO of BKM, provides insights in the Turkish payments market, the role of BKM therein, and tells us about the launch of Troy.
The importance of meaningful metadata for video archives and media asset management
Authors: Wilson Spencer
Published: July 2024

Over the years, the Australian Football League (AFL) Video Production team has looked to evolve the way its physical collection of historical video content is stored and accessed, to ensure it is preserved in perpetuity. This article describes the history of the AFL’s digital archive, emphasising the importance of assigning meaningful metadata in order to make this rich collection of sporting moments usable in a variety of ways while safeguarding it for use well into the future.
Listening: A way to improve university reputation and governance
Authors: Fernández-Gubieda Santiago , Rojas Ángel
Published: July 2024

Since 2018, the University of Navarra (Spain) has been using surveys and focus groups to analyse and evaluate the perceptions of its key audiences. This has helped provide a nuanced understanding of the university's reputation, and has given the institution indicators of ideal university performance and brand sentiment. This information can be used to design scorecards for monitoring perceptions. Indicators facilitate decision making that improve the university community’s day to day life. This project confirms that listening introduces new forms of participation and can lead to improvement in university governance. It is also a good method for learning about an institution's reputation. With the collaboration of Fundación Funciva 2023.
Worksheet S-10 is here to stay: Programme update and a look at MAC S-10 audits
Authors: Newell Michael , Mason Jonathan
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the change to the Inpatient Prospective Payment System Medicare (IPPS) Disproportionate Share (DSH) programme, the introduction of Worksheet S-10 to distribute payments and the history of S-10 audits that are a result of the new methodology. The paper provides insights to help hospitals and hospital system providers understand what they can expect in S-10 audits and tips to help them prepare their organisation.
Engaging employees using the power of the brand to create an internal transformation strategy: The story of one global Telefónica family
Authors: Clay Amanda
Published: July 2024

Telefónica brought O2 in 2006. This is the story of how Telefónica used digital media to establish one Telefónica family, and in the process created one of the largest internal brand engagement programmes in Europe. Telefónica wanted their people to feel like one global family, and that meant bringing them together under one employee brand. In Europe, ‘O2 people’ would become ‘Telefónica people’. The challenge was bringing together five countries passionate about O2 and creating one culture, proud of Telefónica.
Adding emulation functionality to existing digital preservation infrastructure
Authors: Cochrane Euan , Tilbury Jonathan , Stobbe Oleg
Published: July 2024

This paper shows how using emulation technologies to simulate obsolete computer systems can play an integral role in the digital preservation of information. The combination of state-of-the-art emulation as a service technology with an off-the-shelf digital preservation platform can make the process straightforward for the end user. The emulation of obsolete hardware and software environments to enable information to be read, and to facilitate interaction in a way that simulates the original user experience, is a well-established part of digital preservation solutions. Excellent tools have been developed to work with emulators, but these have remained in the research domain rather than being exploited at scale. This paper explores how an emulation framework has been added to an existing digital preservation infrastructure, enabling information extracted from obsolete hardware to be held in a digital preservation system at Yale University Library (YUL), and linked to an appropriate emulator. This enables YUL to recreate the user experience of interacting with content using the original software quickly and easily. This paper shows why emulation is required and how the integration of these technologies offers the prospect of large-scale emulation as a service linked to real preserved data. It will also examine the next steps needed to make this a reality.
Passenger terminal development in the digital age
Authors: Robinson Jim
Published: July 2024

It is undeniable that we are in the midst of a digital revolution that holds the promise to reinvent the entire air travel experience. The 21st century is being defined by pervasive digitisation and is characterised by disruptive and transformative processes that are underway in virtually every industry. Digital trends such as (1) social media, (2) the sharing economy, (3) hyper-personalised connectivity and (4) the Internet of Things are already transforming travel. In addition, it is forecast that air travel demand will double in the next 15 years. This new digital age presents the opportunity to not only reinvent the travel experience, but also to develop solutions that result in cost-effective capital expenditure and optimise existing infrastructure. Unfortunately, there is a general lack of a coordinated mindset that puts the passenger first. The air transport sector needs to move away from the legacy of organisations that exhibit entrenched ‘tribalism’ and self-interest. Airports, airlines and government agencies need to collaboratively begin to identify and utilise the technological opportunities that are now becoming available. To achieve this will require a level of trust and sharing of data to even begin the process of innovation. Though digital solutions are being developed at an airport-by-airport level, to achieve any meaningful change in the global air travel system will require global solutions involving truly collaborative initiatives. This paper explores the opportunities and challenges faced by airport operators in redefining the passenger terminal aligned to the 21st century digital age.
Leveraging FinTech partnerships to develop niche markets for growth
Authors: Hamilton Linda
Published: July 2024

Mobile apps and flashy websites are not enough for banks to retain relevance in an age of increasing personalisation of the digital customer experience. To build the innovations required for ongoing growth, banks should look beyond their local market to opportunities presented by a boundless digital age. In 2020, Iroquois Federal set out to grow its customer base and revenues by targeting a very specific audience — individuals who have recently married, will soon marry or who are in a committed relationship. Although the landscape is rife with digital tools for niche markets, Iroquois Federal identified a unique opportunity to tailor services and benefits to this underdeveloped audience segment. The largest group of consumers soon to wed are young, and many lack financial education. Studies show that 92 per cent of Millennials want to improve their money management skills and newly-weds whose financial literacy lags are at a vastly higher risk of divorce. To support and engage these customers while expanding its revenues, Iroquois Federal partnered with a FinTech service provider to launch Hitched, a financial planning app. With thousands of customers already signed up, Hitched is proving that niche digital markets can provide valuable outcomes for consumers and for banks willing to innovate in order to reach new heights.
Hardwiring hospital-wide flow to drive sustainable competitive performance
Authors: Mayer Thom , Jensen Kirk
Published: July 2024

Healthcare leadership requires the ability to become a high-quality, low-cost provider by doing more with less in an increasingly capacity-constrained environment. One of the most powerful tools to accomplish this is hardwiring hospital-wide flow. Flow is adding value to, and reducing or eliminating waste in, processes, services or behaviours, by increasing benefits, decreasing burdens — or both — as patients move through the service transitions and queues of healthcare. Applied as a discipline, flow assures that the right resources are provided to the right patient in the right environment for the right reasons at the right time — every time. The tools of patient flow include the disciplines of demand-capacity management, identifying and eliminating bottlenecks and constraints, intelligent and strategic bed management, and applying the science of service operations. Accelerating flow into, through and out of the hospital should be applied from the emergency department, through hospital-wide flow, as well as in surgery and anaesthesia. Doing so provides substantial financial and operational results.
ESOS: Implications for the energy audit industry
Authors: Shaw Tilly
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to provide some practical advice on how best to approach the ESOS, which will be of interest to organisations seeking compliance, and to energy auditors preparing to undertake their first ESOS assessment. It goes on to discuss how multi-site audits can be approached, and finally considers how the ESOS regulations may ultimately impact the energy-auditing industry. The paper begins with a summary of the ESOS, but does not attempt to describe it in full. Practitioners should refer to the official guidance to ensure that their own approach is compliant with relevant legislation.
How we built an alumni advocacy programme befitting a great university
Authors: Fahey Mike
Published: July 2024

The state of Wisconsin is the single largest donor to the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Maintaining strong and positive relationships with elected officials — who determine the level of that funding — is vital. In early 2015 Wisconsin governor Scott Walker proposed a significant cut to the university budget. Engaging alumni advocates to fight that proposal was a key component of the university budget strategy. Luckily, the Wisconsin Alumni Association (WAA) was prepared. In this paper readers will learn how WAA rallied alumni and parents to be advocates, utilising a variety of outreach tools. The paper also outlines methods for setting goals and measuring outcomes. Lastly, new trends and ideas in grassroots alumni advocacy are explored. Any organisation that supports higher education will find the methods WAA utilised, and the successes and failures of their efforts, to be useful for their own state and federal public policy battles.
Estimation of fair rate of return on equity for Delhi International Airport
Authors: Chaudhuri Sumana , Vasigh Bijan , Chaudhuri Ranjan
Published: July 2024

This paper deals with the special case of the economic regulation of Delhi Airport. Presented in the form of a case study, the paper discusses the background of the case, the objective of the regulatory body and the approach to regulation for Delhi Airport. The fair rate of return on equity (ROE) for Delhi Airport was calculated by using the capital asset pricing model by means of comparable entity analysis. It is worth mentioning that the case presented in this paper forms part of the Airports Economic Regulatory Authority sponsored research project on the estimation of a fair ROE of Delhi Airport. The results are presented with a brief discussion on the implications of the findings in the broader context of passengers, airlines, investors in Delhi Airport, the regulator and the Ministry of Civil Aviation of the Government of India.
An exemplary illustration of the distinction between private life and data protection (Art. 7–8 CFR): The ECtHR’s joint decision in FNASS v France and Longo v France (Art. 8 ECHR)
Authors: Kornbeck Jacob
Published: July 2024

The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) ruling of 18th January, 2018 in the joined cases FNASS v France and Longo v France, aims at clarifying various aspects of a surveillance regime imposed on certain athletes for the purpose of conducting doping controls. Under so-called ‘whereabouts requirements’, certain athletes must be available for testing at any location on a 24/7/365 basis. To this effect, a series of surveillance measures are required under standards emanating from the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Their ‘integration’ into French national law (not ‘transposition’, as WADA is an NGO) had been challenged by a group of athletes’ trade unions (Fédération Nationale des Associations et Syndicats de Sportifs) (FNASS v France) as well as by an individual athlete aggrieved by the application of ‘whereabouts’ rules (Longo v France). Because the ECtHR did not find a violation of Art. 8 ECHR (European Convention on Human Rights), WADA, anti-doping organisations and sports organisations have seen this judgment as a victory for their vision for anti-doping policies and practices. The judgment deals almost exclusively with the offline aspects of surveillance, however, while it is nearly silent on data protection issues, although these continue being discussed controversially. As such, the case is also a textbook illustration of the distinction between private life and data protection.
Integrating datasets: Segmenting the fashion market using risk aversion
Authors: Block Martin Paul
Published: July 2024

A marketing segmentation can often be improved with the addition of variables which are often found on different datasets. Using a classification regression tree (CRT) methodology with predictor variables shared across datasets, the terminal node identification equations can be used to estimate the variables on a different dataset. The use of CRT allows the inclusion of categorical variables, such as marital status and ethnicity, as well as continuous variables, such as age and education. Three datasets were integrated and a chi-square automatic interaction detector (CHAID) tree is then used to segment the women's clothing fashion market by demographic and reward and aversion variables. The analysis suggests possible marketing strategies targeting high-spending segments as well as media strategies.
Using a real-time location system to improve clinical efficiency in an academic ambulatory practice
Authors: Haas Rodney , Melton-Meaux Genevieve , Blade Jeffrey , Fiscus Lynne , Pukszta Michael
Published: July 2024

In the face of rising consumerism among patients, expectations of more patient-oriented care models and increasing financial pressures for improved ambulatory practice efficiency, the University of Minnesota Health (M Health) implemented a novel Real-Time Locating System (RTLS) in its new consolidated ambulatory clinic building. This paper describes the most salient use cases for this technology in an academic ambulatory practice.
Smart contracts for the digital economy
Authors: Shah Manan , Samra Rajbir
Published: July 2024

Smart contract technology is increasingly being seen as a way for the derivatives industry to realise operational efficiencies and cut costs. With this new technology potentially transforming how derivatives are executed and managed through the entire life cycle, it seems the derivatives market is on the cusp of significant modernisation. But this technology is at the relatively early stage of development, and there is still a lack of agreement on what a smart contract is, what role it can play in the derivatives market and how it might interact with existing legal standards and documentation. This paper analyses whether a smart contract could ultimately replace an existing legal contract in its entirety, or whether it will only automate the execution of certain actions specified within the contract?
Concerns over the Commission’s proposal on investment funds that risks creating additional barriers rather than facilitating cross border fund distribution
Authors: Pafili Agathi
Published: July 2024

The European Commission is proposing legislation to tackle the remaining barriers to the cross-border distribution of collective investment funds within Europe. A comprehensive package of measures includes strengthened protections for investors, with controls on pre-marketing and the discontinuation of activities in a member state, the fairness and clarity of marketing communications and the full disclosure of the fees that will be charged. For the funds industry, there is the requirement that national regulators should levy charges that are proportionate to the costs incurred in registration, investigation and supervision. The European Fund and Asset Management Association (EFAMA) welcomes the Commission’s commitment to deepening the Single Market for investment funds. EFAMA has long argued that there is significant room for improvement in terms of overcoming the obstacles to cross-border activity. EFAMA, however, questions whether new legislation, creating new regulations, is likely to prove the most effective tool in this regard. Asset managers and their clients have identified lack of clarity and transparency concerning the existing rules as the main barrier to cross-border activity. It is difficult to see how adding another layer of regulation will improve matters rather than, as seems more likely, add to the existing burden for asset managers. This paper would urge, first, practical steps to reducing these obstacles and the proper enforcement of existing rules, with new legislation as a last resort.
The payments industry in Germany: Status and further developments or a triangle of scale, complexity and low fees
Authors: Bartelt Niklas , Wittig Ronny
Published: July 2024

The German payments market is sizeable, handling almost one-quarter of the non-cash transactions conducted in the euro area, and benefiting from structurally lower cost levels. At the same time, it is characterised by a highly complex and intense competitive set. These two factors seem to result in low fee levels. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated structural change (and digital payments adoption) in a market with distinctive institutions and consumer preferences. This paper reviews both the key players shaping the overall payments market, as well as the characteristics of key payment solutions and situations. In doing so, the paper identifies and explains the idiosyncrasies of the German market, linking back to the aforementioned factors shaping the German payments market.
Just asking: How and why Northwestern University established a system of fundraiser accountability metrics
Authors: Silvey Brock
Published: July 2024

In 2011 Northwestern University (NU) began to implement a system of fundraiser accountability metrics in response to the launch of its US$3.75bn campaign. Within three years, the establishment of this system catalysed a cultural change within the university’s development office. Emphasis moved away from visit and contact activity and towards solicitations, under the philosophy that focusing officers’ energies on making major gift asks was the most effective way of ensuring major gift commitments and dollars raised, and therefore campaign success. NU’s officers exhibited less territoriality and had a more energised approach to portfolio management. Senior leadership had access to concrete data about organisational and individual progress towards campaign goals, and NU’s development office set internal records for the number and amount of major gifts raised.
Automation and AI in the workplace: The future of work is more complex than ever
Authors: Perino Chelsea
Published: July 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) and automation are revolutionising the workplace, transforming the way businesses operate, how people interact and having an impact on the future of work. These technologies have the potential to enhance productivity, address societal challenges and contribute to economic growth. With machines becoming increasingly capable, they can now perform tasks previously done by humans, complement human work and even surpass human capabilities in certain areas. As a result, the nature of work is changing, with some occupations declining, others growing and many more undergoing significant transformations. This paper explores the promise and challenges of AI automation in the workplace, highlighting key workforce transitions and presenting several critical issues that need to be solved.
Assessing airport snow and ice removal and its economic implications for sustainable airport management
Authors: Lichliter Andreas , Faghri Ardeshir , Li Mingxin
Published: July 2024

For airports that regularly encounter storms with snow and ice in an average year, removal of this snow and ice is essential for maintaining safe operations. The purpose of this paper is to assist airports in determining whether they are appropriately managing their snow and ice removal resources and applying engineering best practices. Two airports in Europe and two airports in the USA that have approximately the same amount of annual snowfall and handle the same mix and volume array of aircraft have been identified for analysis of their snow and ice removal practices. Analysis was done for numerous parameters: cost per passenger, cost per metric tonne of cargo and cost per hour for which the pieces of equipment were in use. The analysis identifies which airports allocated their resources most efficiently and provides a basis for recommendations to the airports. The research contributes to academia by providing methodology and analysis of ways in which snow and ice storms influence airports, as well as contributing factors.
Climate-proofing the airport of the future
Authors: Burbidge Rachel
Published: July 2024

The effects of climate change have the potential to impact both aviation operations and infrastructure. Although this is still an emerging risk, awareness is growing and some organisations are now taking action to adapt. Key priorities for action include understanding and assessing potential impacts, identifying the potential resilience measures required and collaboration and communication across the sector to reduce overall network vulnerability. Pre-emptive action based on robust information is widely considered to be efficient and cost-effective and so now is the time for organisations to begin assessing whether this is a risk which they need to address.
How to leverage business leadership’s newfound interest in business continuity
Authors: Burley Grace
Published: July 2024

In 2020, business continuity programmes around the world came under the spotlight like never before. This paper investigates whether business continuity professionals have done enough to maintain this newfound attention and leverage the opportunity associated with it. The paper argues that business continuity professionals must build on the lessons learned from the COVID-19 response and work more closely with business leaders. The paper describes practical and tangible ways to do this, including leveraging data and asking leadership for feedback on existing approaches and plans, with a view to maintaining business leaders’ focus on business continuity.
E-mail’s not dead — it’s just on the move: Planning for mobile e-mail
Authors: Luck Kristin , Jue Aaron
Published: July 2024

There was a time in recent history when marketers were bemoaning the death of e-mail marketing, but that has all changed with the ‘on the move’ consumer. E-mails are increasingly being opened on mobile devices, reaching people on the fly. This means the rules surrounding e-mail are changing quickly. Marketers must meet the demands of the mobile consumer when conducting e-mail outreach, and this paper covers the right (and wrong) way to do this. Ranging from e-mail planning guidelines to scalable design, as well as tips and tricks for staying out of the spam filter, there are many considerations that e-mail marketers must consider in the mobile world. Small screens, short attention spans and slow load times are just a few of the challenges that are discussed. Based on extensive research and all the latest statistics, the paper will help provide a ‘best practices’ platform for e-mail marketing in this fast-moving decade.
Fraud transaction management
Authors: Molloy Robert
Published: July 2024

Transaction management solutions to prevent payment fraud are usually segregated and distributed across internal lines of business at most financial services institutions. This distribution of data insight dilutes and weakens an organisation's ability to deal with the problem quickly, efficiently and cost effectively. Inside those silos, the problem can be compounded by product-specific and channel-specific fraud transaction management solutions that are not designed to work with each other. The combination can lead to fragmented fraud alerts, duplication of data, personnel costs and solution expense, as well as high and unnecessary information technology (IT) overheads. Banks especially understand the value of dealing with payments-related fraud holistically, but presume that a comprehensive response requires an enterprise risk-management system — an often costly and time-consuming venture. In fact, putting an effective payments-fraud solution in place may only require tying together disparate internal and external data at the appropriate level of the business, a strategy that can be facilitated by integrating two key components — a common composite investigative case management system and an improved entity recognition function — into an organisation's existing IT infrastructure. The result can reduce investigation time, enhance prevention and offer a competitive advantage through greater efficiency and productivity.
Best practices for diverse and authentic engagement and leadership support in higher education social media
Authors: Maguire Ryan
Published: July 2024

Princeton University has found social media success by implementing strategies to eliminate geographic barriers to student engagement, utilising user-generated content and recognising the importance of buy-in from leadership and what helps to get it. In this paper, Princeton University’s social media strategist aims to share the first-hand experience of crafting those key parts of Princeton’s social media strategy in order to provide higher education social media professionals with an outline to follow while crafting institutional best practices of their own.
Global securities reporting: Industry trends, challenges and future perspectives
Authors: Ehrenfeld Jonathan
Published: July 2024

Prior to the financial crisis of 2008, inter­national regulatory policy
tended to promote the need for more efficient and stronger securities
markets; however, the crisis underlined the need to find a balance between
efficiency and safety. It also revealed problems arising from a lack of
transparency, which has since led to a recalibration of regulatory
objectives. As a result of this shift in policy objectives, reporting
requirements have become a key component of much current and forthcoming
regulation. This paper looks at the effects that regulatory reforms will have
on two key reporting mechanisms: regulatory reporting and intermediated
securities reporting. It outlines the challenges that lie ahead and explains
how global standards are needed to harmonise requirements and improve the
transparency of intermediated holding models across jurisdictions.