bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sınır Ötesi Yüksek Öğretim: Etiyopya ve Somaliland Deneyimleri
Authors: OMAR Muha Mohamoud , OSMAN GUUDLE Mohamed
Published: December 2022

Sınır ötesi yükseköğretimin ulusal kapasiteyi güçlendirmede ve kültürlerarası anlayışı ve Ekonomik Kalkınmayı teşvik etmede oynayabileceği önemli rolün giderek daha fazla farkına varılmaktadır. Somaliland, Somali ile yıllar süren iç savaştan sonra altyapısını yeniden inşa etmek için mücadele ediyordu, ilk üniversitesini 1998'de açtı ve o zamandan beri yükseköğretim sistemini istikrarlı bir şekilde genişletiyor. Önemli zorluklar devam etse de, binlerce lise mezunu her yıl ülkenin üniversitelerine ve kolejlerine umut bağladıkça yüksek öğretim gelişiyor. Sınır ötesi yüksek öğretim (CBHE), o zaman birçok ülkenin sınır stratejilerinde giderek daha fazla öne çıkıyor, ancak bu, eğitim toplulukları ve ticaret politika yapıcıları arasındaki bağlantıyı artırmamış gibi görünüyor. Bu katılım eksikliği, uluslararası eğitim çabalarını geliştirmek için ticari ve ekonomik kalkınma kaynaklarından yararlanmak için çok sayıda kaçırılmış fırsata yol açar ve bunun tersi de geçerlidir. Kuşkusuz, çeşitli nedenlerle sınır ötesi yükseköğretime artan bir ilgi vardır. Bu değişkenler, öğrenci hareketliliğindeki değişiklikleri, program hareketliliğini, uzun mesafeli eğitimin sağlanmasını ve artan öğrenci kayıtlarının genel eğilimini içerir (Chetro-Szivos, 2010). Sınır ötesi yükseköğretim daha popüler hale geliyor, ancak bunun nedenleri öğrenci demografisini ve yenilikçi dağıtım stratejilerini değiştirmenin ötesine geçiyor. Pek çok akademisyen, bir ulusun halkının entelektüel gelişiminin o ulustaki sosyal ve ekonomik ilerlemeyi etkileyebileceğini iddia ediyor. Karma yöntem yaklaşımını kullanan bu makale, Somaliland ve Etiyopya'daki devlet kurumları, araştırma merkezleri ve eğitim kurumlarından gelen derinlemesine görüşmeler, sözlü veriler ve raporlar kullanarak Sınır Ötesi Yüksek Öğrenimi ve yerel ekonomik kalkınmayı eleştirel bir şekilde araştırıyor. Somaliland derin bir şekilde detaylandırdı.
Efficacy of Institution-wide RTI Reading Intervention in Disadvantaged Suburbs of South Korea: 3-Year Analysis on Elementary Students with Reading Difficulties
Authors:   Center for Educational Research, Kim Dongil , Shin HyeYun Gladys , Kim Heeju , Kim Hee Eun
Published: December 2022

The study examined the efficacy of reading intervention based on the Response to Intervention implementation (RTI) with public elementary school students and students from childcare centers in Gyeonggi province of South Korea. After the institution-wide screening and selecting process, reading intervention programs were provided at either Tier 2 or Tier 3 of the RTI in reading domains of fluency, vocabulary acquisition, reading comprehension, or phonological awareness as needed. For each year, approximately 69 participants were selected and the grade ranges were between 1st and 6th grade. Pre-and post-test results in all intervention domains were analyzed both by year and grade, and between-grade comparison was further conducted. Significances relating to the middle grades were discussed from the findings. The need for the institution-wide RTI approach to successful intervention and educational implications are discussed.
Preoperative Comorbidities Associated With Early Mortality in Hip Fracture Patients: A Multicenter Study
Authors: McHugh Michael A. , Wilson Jenna L. , Schaffer Nathaniel E. , Olsen Eric C. , Perdue Aaron , Ahn Jaimo , Hake Mark E.
Published: December 2022

Objective:

Multiple comorbidities in hip fracture patients are associated with increased mortality and complications. The goal of this study was to characterize the relationship between specific patient factors including comorbidities and outcomes in geriatric hip fractures, including length of stay, unplanned ICU admission, discharge disposition, complications, and mortality.

Methods:

This is a retrospective review of a trauma database from five Level 1 and Level 2 trauma centers of patients with hip fractures of the femoral neck and intertrochanteric region who underwent treatment using hip pinning, hemiarthroplasty, total hip arthroplasty, cephalomedullary nailing, or dynamic hip screw fixation. Mortality was the primary outcome variable (including in-hospital mortality, 30-day mortality, 60-day mortality, and 90-day mortality). Secondary outcome variables included in-hospital adverse events, unplanned transfer to the ICU, postoperative length of stay, and discharge disposition. Regression analyses were used for evaluation of relationships between comorbidities as independent variables and primary and secondary outcomes as dependent variables.

Results:

Two thousand three hundred patients were included. The mortality was 1.8%, 7.0%, 10.9%, and 14.1% for in-hospital, 30-day, 60-day, and 90-day mortality, respectively. Diabetes and cognitive impairment present on admission were associated with mortality at all-time intervals. COPD was the only comorbidity that signaled in-hospital adverse event with an odds ratio of 1.67 (P = 0.012). No patient factors, time to surgery, or comorbidities signaled unplanned ICU transfer. Patients with renal failure and COPD had longer hospital stays after surgery.

Conclusion:

Geriatric hip fractures continue to have high short-term morbidity and mortality. Identifying patients with increased odds of early mortality and adverse events can help teams optimize care and outcomes. Patients with diabetes, cognitive impairment, renal failure, and COPD may benefit from continued and improved medical optimization during the perioperative period as well as being more closely managed by a medicine team without delaying time to the operating room.
Ganglions in the Hand and Wrist: Advances in 2 Decades
Authors: Zoller Stephen D. , Benner Nathan R. , Iannuzzi Nicholas P.
Published: December 2022

Ganglion cysts represent the most common soft-tissue mass in the hand and wrist. Ganglion cysts are most commonly encountered at the dorsal or volar aspects of the wrist, although cysts may arise from the flexor tendon sheath, interphalangeal joint, and extensor tendons. Intraosseous and intraneural ganglion cysts have also been described. Diagnosis of ganglion cysts relies primarily on history and physical examination. Transillumination and aspiration of masses may be useful adjuncts to diagnosis. Imaging such as radiography and ultrasonography may be indicated to evaluate for associated conditions, such as degenerative joint disease, or to rule out a solid or heterogeneous mass. Advanced imaging such as MRI is generally reserved for patients in whom occult ganglions, intraosseous ganglions, or solid tumors, including sarcoma, remain a concern. Treatment of ganglion cysts includes observation, aspiration or puncture with possible corticosteroid injection, and surgical excision. Nonsurgical management may result in cyst resolution in over 50% of patients. Surgical excision is associated with recurrence rates of 7% to 39%. Advances in surgical techniques have allowed surgeons to conduct arthroscopic ganglion excision, with recurrence rates similar to those of open management. This study highlights the advances in diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes that have taken place over the past 2 decades for this common condition affecting the hand and wrist in the adult population.
Outcomes of Plug Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation With or Without Concomitant Osteotomy for Cartilage Defects in the Knee: Minimum 2-year Follow-up
Authors: Daud Anser , Safir Oleg A. , Gross Allan E. , Kuzyk Paul R.
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Isolated osteochondral defects of the knee can cause notable pain and disability. Osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation using trephined plug grafts is a highly effective, often curative, treatment option. In knees with malalignment into the transplanted compartment, osteotomy can be done concurrently. This study investigates early-to-midterm survivorship, as well as clinical and radiographic outcomes, of plug OCAs with and without concomitant osteotomy in the knee.

Methods:

Plug OCA was done on active, young to middle-aged patients with osteochondral defects ≤4 cm diameter. Prospectively collected data for 102 patients who underwent plug OCA between 2004 and 2020 were reviewed. Survivorship according to Kaplan-Meier analysis was the primary outcome. Failure was defined as conversion to total knee arthroplasty or repeat allograft. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated using the modified Hospital for Special Surgery (mHSS) score and Kellgren-Lawrence grading.

Results:

Eighty-six patients with a mean age of 29 ± 9.7 years (15 to 54) and a mean follow-up of 6.8 ± 3.7 years (2 to 15.9) were studied. Concomitant realignment osteotomy was done in 66 patients (76.7%). Graft survivorship was 100%, 93.8% (95% confidence interval 90.8% to 96.8%), and 89.7% (95% confidence interval 85.6% to 93.8%) at 2, 5, and 10 to 15 years, respectively. Six grafts (7.0%) required knee arthroplasty at a mean of 4.6 ± 1.8 years (2.2 to 7.1). Most common reasons for revision surgeries with graft retention included implant removal (11.6%), débridement (8.1%), and repeat osteotomy (5.8%). The mean mHSS score of 90.8 ± 10.4 (51 to 100) at the final follow-up was significantly higher than the preoperative value of 72.5 ± 12.1 (36 to 90) (P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed a markedly greater risk of failure in grafts with a diameter of 30 mm or larger.

Discussion:

Plug OCA with or without concurrent realignment osteotomy resulted in an excellent graft survival of 93% at a mean of 6.8 years, with reliable functional improvement demonstrated by notable improvements in mHSS knee scores.
Assessing Leg Length and Offset in Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty: Overlay Versus AP Pelvis Intraoperative Radiographic Techniques: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Burnham Robert R. , Bialek Samantha E. , Wozniak Amy W. , Brown Nicholas M.
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Two intraoperative radiographic techniques to determine leg length and offset during anterior total hip arthroplasty (THA) are the AP pelvis and overlay techniques. The AP pelvis method measures LLDs and offset using AP fluoroscopic images, whereas the overlay method uses printed images of the native and replaced hips. The purpose of this study was to compare these techniques regarding clinical and radiographic LLD and offset discrepancies.

Methods:

Patients of a single surgeon at two hospitals from September 2017 to January 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinically detectable LLD was recorded. Radiographic measurements were obtained from preoperative and postoperative radiographs. LLD was determined based on the vertical distance between the lesser trochanters and the ischial tuberosities. Total offset was measured using a combination of femoral and medial offset. The Student t-test, Fisher exact test, and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used for statistical analysis.

Results:

Seventy-one procedures were done using the overlay technique and 61 used for the AP pelvis technique. No significant differences were observed in mean postoperative LLD (2.66 versus 2.88 mm, P = 0.66) and mean postoperative offset discrepancy (5.37 versus 4.21 mm, P = 0.143) between the overlay versus AP pelvis groups. The mean preoperative to postoperative absolute difference in offset was less than 5 mm in both groups. Clinically detectable LLD was noted in six of 71 patients in the overlay group and one of 61 in the AP pelvis group (P = 0.123).

Conclusion:

No notable differences were observed in intraoperative leg length and offset discrepancies during direct anterior THA between the AP pelvis and overlay techniques, suggesting they are equally effective in determining LLD and offset intraoperatively. The choice of technique to use anterior THA should be based primarily on the surgeon's preference, comfort, and available resources.
Perioperative Intravenous Glucocorticoids in Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ruberto R. Alex , Farah Omar , Lopez Cesar , Hickernell Thomas
Published: December 2022

Background:

Total joint arthroplasties (TJAs) of the hip and knee are common orthopaedic procedures. Postoperative pain in TJA is managed with opioids, which carry notable adverse effects and are associated with high dependency rates. With newer multimodal pain control regimens, perioperative glucocorticoid administration has shown promise as a means of mitigating postoperative pain. The objective of this review was to identify the effects of perioperative intravenous glucocorticoid administration on postoperative outcomes in TJA.

Materials and Methods:

A systematic review was done. The EMBASE database was searched from inception through September 1, 2020, to identify studies of perioperative glucocorticoids in TJA. Primary outcomes were postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting. Secondary outcomes included hospital length of stay, postoperative opioid utilization, antiemetic rescue medication use, and postoperative surgical complications.

Results:

Our search yielded 429 publications; 14 studies were ultimately included, incorporating 1704 patients. In 13 of 14 studies, pain scores improved with perioperative steroid administration. Regarding postoperative nausea and vomiting, most of the studies found a notable association between steroids and improved VAS-N (visual analogue scale for nausea) and decreased postoperative nausea and vomiting incidence. There were inconclusive data on the effects of perioperative steroids regarding postoperative length of stay, fatigue, and range of motion of the affected joint. In all 14 studies, no notable difference was found between study groups regarding postoperative surgical complications.

Conclusion:

This systematic review supports the use of perioperative steroids in TJA for mitigating postoperative pain, nausea, and systemic inflammation. Additional randomized trials are needed to form a consensus on optimal dosing, delivery method, and timing of perioperative glucocorticoids in TJA.
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Appropriate Use Criteria: Prevention of Surgical Site Infections After Major Extremity Trauma
Authors: Strelzow Jason , Tedesco Nicholas S. , Renninger Christopher H.
Published: December 2022

The Major Extremity Trauma and Rehabilitation Consortium and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons have developed Appropriate Use Criteria for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) After Major Extremity Trauma. Evidence-based information, in conjunction with the clinical expertise of physicians, was used to develop the criteria to determine appropriateness of various treatments for the prevention of SSIs after major extremity trauma. Scenarios were derived by identifying clinical indications typical of patients suspected of developing an SSI in clinical practice. Indications are most often parameters observable by the clinician, including symptoms or results of diagnostic tests. A total of 588 patient scenarios and 14 treatments were developed by the writing panel, a group of clinicians who are specialists in this Appropriate Use Criteria topic. Next, a separate, multidisciplinary voting panel (made up of specialists and nonspecialists) rated the appropriateness of treatment of each patient scenario using a 9-point scale to designate a treatment as “appropriate” (median rating, 7 to 9), “may be appropriate” (median rating, 4 to 6), or “rarely appropriate” (median rating, 1 to 3).
Психологические характеристики портрета муниципального служащего
Authors: Богданова Мария , Калеменева Мария
Published: December 2022

Статья посвящена исследованию представлений граждан о различных типажах чиновников с целью использования в качестве инструмента работы с деловой репутацией муниципальных служащих. В статье рассматриваются различные подходы и проблемы изучения репутации на муниципальной и государственной службе. Выборка исследования составила 20 граждан в возрасте от 30 до 45 лет, каждый из которых когда-либо обращался за помощью или консультацией к муниципальным или государственным служащим. В качестве метода исследования использовались репертуарные решетки. На первом этапе при помощи экспертных оценок было определено 9 типажей чиновников. Далее гражданам необходимо было обозначить каждого из чиновников, а затем сопоставить различные типажи и определить «схожие» или «отличающиеся» характеристики. В результате исследования, опираясь на высказывания граждан, были описаны данные типажи чиновников и выявлены некоторые схожие показатели в типажах. Также были проанализированы сопоставления типажей, то есть типажи, которые чаще всего противопоставлялись при сравнении или были схожими с другими. При анализе высказываний прослеживалась тенденция описания некоторых типажей чиновников исключительно положительными характеристиками, а некоторых – только отрицательными. При этом присутствовали и такие типажи, которых граждане оценили разнополярными характеристиками. При анализе сопоставления типажей также прослеживалась тенденция к подобию ответов граждан. На основе полученных результатов был сделан вывод о том, что при оценке различных типов чиновников граждане используют комплексный подход, опираясь и на личностные, и на профессиональные характеристики государственных и муниципальных служащих. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в качестве опорного критерия для дальнейшего построения деловой репутации муниципальных служащих.
Микроструктура плёнок ZnO:Er изготовленных методом магнетронного распыления
Authors:   Государственное научно-производственное объединение «Научно-практический центр Национальной академии наук Беларуси по материаловедению», Минск, Беларусь, Гременок В. Ф.
Published: December 2022

Тонкие плёнки ZnO, легированные Er (эрбием) (ZnO:Er) были выращены на кварцевых и p-Si подложках при температуре 25°С методом радиочастотного магнетронного напыления. Влияние термообработки при 600°С и 900°С на свойства плёнок было проанализировано с помощью сканирующей электронной мик- роскопии, атомно-силовой микроскопии и рентгеноструктурного анализа. Выявлено однородное распределение элементов для всех исследованных пленок на различных подложках. Обнаружено, что пленки ZnO:Er являются однородными, без точечных проколов, с хорошей адгезией к подложке, а размер кристаллических зерен зависит от типа подложки и условий получения. Все пленки показали преимущественную ориентацию (002) вдоль оси С, перпендикулярной поверхности подложки. Результаты, полученные из спектров рентгеновской дифракции, показывают, что ионы Er3+ успешно замещают ионы Zn2+ в решетке ZnO. Er-doped ZnO (ZnO:Er) thin films were grown on quartz and p-Si substrates at 25оC by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method. The effect of the heat treatment at 600C and 900C on the properties of the films was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. A homogeneous elements distribution is revealed for all investigated films on different substrates. ZnO:Er films were found to be uniform, pinhole-free, well adherent to the substrate and the crystal grain size is dependent on the type of substrate and the preparation conditions. All the films showed a (002) preferential orientation with the c-axis perpendicular to the substrate surface. The results obtained from X-ray diffraction spectra reveal that Er3+ ions successfully substitute for Zn2+ ions in the ZnO lattice.
Поля зарядов и дифракционные поля в электродинамике
Authors:   Ереванский государственный университет, Ереван, Армения, Балян М. К.
Published: December 2022

Электрические и магнитные поля в некотором выбранном объеме представлены в векторной форме с помощью поверхностных и объемных интегралов. Поверхностные интегралы описывают дифракционные поля, обусловленные полями внешними к объему зарядов, а объемные интегралы описывают поля, создаваемые зарядами, движущимися внутри объема. В гармоническом (монохроматическом) случае для определенной частоты полученные формулы, описывающие дифракцию, совпадают с известными векторными формулами дифракции Кирхгофа. В стандартных случаях дифракции некоторые заряды помещают в по- лупространство перед экраном и рассматривают дифракцию полей этих зарядов во втором полупространстве за экраном. Полученные в этой работе формулы можно применять не только для таких стандартных случаев дифракции, но и тогда, когда нельзя строго разделить дифракцию и излучение. Например, когда одни заряды входят в объем, а другие выходят из выбранного объема. Էլեկտրական և մագնիսական դաշտերը ծավալում ներկայացված են վեկտորական տեսքով՝ օգտագործելով մակերևույթային և ծավալային ինտեգրալներ: Մակերևույթային ինտեգրալները նկարագրում են դաշտի դիֆրակցիան, որը ստեղծվել է ծավալից դուրս գտնվող լիցքերով, իսկ ծավալային ինտեգրալները նկարագրում են ծավալի ներսում շարժվող լիցքերի կողմից ստեղծված դաշտերը։ Հարմոնիկ (մոնոքրոմատիկ) դեպքում, որոշակի հաճախականության համար, դիֆրակցիան նկարագրող ստացված բանաձևերը համընկնում են դիֆրակցիայի հայտնի Կիրխհոֆի վեկտորական բանաձևերի հետ։ Դիֆրակցիայի ստանդարտ դեպքերում որոշ լիցքեր տեղադրվում են էկրանի դիմացի կիսատարածության մեջ և դիտարկվում է այդ լիցքերի դաշտերի դիֆրակցիան էկրանի ետևում գտնվող երկրորդ կիսատարածությունում։ Այս աշխատանքում ստացված բանաձևերը կարող են օգտագործվել ոչ միայն դիֆրակցիայի ստանդարտ դեպքերի համար, այլև այն դեպքում, երբ անհնար է խստորեն առանձնացնել դիֆրակցիան և ճառագայթումը։ Օրինակ, երբ որոշ լիցքեր մտնում են ծավալը, իսկ մյուսները թողնում են ընտրված ծավալը: Electric and magnetic fields in a volume are presented in vector form using surface and volume integrals. Surface integrals describe the diffraction of the field created by charges external to the volume, and volume integrals describe the fields created by charges moving inside the volume. In the harmonic (monochromatic) case, for a certain frequency, the obtained formulas, describing the diffraction, coincide with the well-known Kirchhoff vector formulas for diffraction. In standard cases of diffraction some charges are placed in the half-space in front of a screen and the diffraction of the fields of these charges in the second half-space behind the screen is considered. The obtained in this work formulas can be used not only for standard cases of diffraction, but also when it is impossible to strictly separate diffraction and radiation. For example, when some charges enter the volume, while others leave the selected volume.
К задаче описания волнового поля в ближней зоне
Authors:   Государственный инженерный университет Армении, Ереван, Армения, Хачатрян А. Ж. , Элбакян Э. Е. ,   Государственный инженерный университет Армении, Ереван, Армения, Парсамян А. Ф. ,   Государственный инженерный университет Армении, Ереван, Армения, Хоецян В. А. ,   Государственный инженерный университет Армении, Ереван, Армения
Published: December 2022

Получены выражения фазы сферической волны в ближней, средней и дальней зоне наблюдения. Доказано, что в приближении Френеля сферическая волна аппроксимируется параболоидной волной, которая, в свою очередь, в приближении Фраунгофера аппроксимируется плоской волной. На основе этого рассматривается задача описания волнового поля, генерированного системой многих когерентно излучающих точечных источников. Получено выражение для распределения интенсивности в задачи интерференции для приближения ближ- него поля. Показано, что распределение максимумов интенсивности определя- ется решением кубическим уравнением, которое в приближении Френеля переходит в линейное уравнение, которое выражает классический результат о равномерном распределении максимумов интенсивности. Սֆերիկ ալիքի փուլի համար ստացվել են դիտման հարակից, միջին և հեռավոր գոտիներում նկարագրման արտահայտությունները։ Ապացուցված է, որ Ֆրենելի մոտարկմամբ սֆերիկ ալիքը ներկայացվում է պարաբոլոիդական ալիքով, որն իր հերթին Ֆրաունհոֆերի մոտավորության դեպքում մոտավորվում է հարթ ալիքով։ Դրա հիման վրա դիտարկվում է բազմաթիվ կոհերենտ կետային աղբյուրների համակարգի կողմից գեներացված ալիքային դաշտի մոտավոր նկարագրության խնդիրը: Հարակից գոտու մոտավորության շրջանակներում ստացվել է ինտերֆերենցիայի խնդրի համար ինտենսիվության բաշխվածությունը: Ցույց է տրված, որ ինտենսիվության մաքսիմումների բաշխումը որոշվում է խորանարդ հավասարումով, որը Ֆրենելի մոտավորությամբ վեր է ածվում գծային հավասարման, ինչը արտահայտում է ինտենսիվության հավասարաչափ բաշխման վերաբերյալ դասական արդյունքը։ Expressions for the phase of a spherical wave in the near, middle, and far zones of observation are obtained. It is proved that in the Fresnel approximation a spherical wave is approximated by a paraboloid wave, which, in turn, is approximated by a plane wave in the Fraunhofer approximation. Based on this, the problem of describing a wave field generated by a system of many coherently emitting point sources is considered. An expression is obtained for the intensity distribution in the interference problem for the near field approximation. It is shown that the distribution of intensity maxima is determined by solving a cubic equation, which, in the Fresnel approximation, transforms into a linear equation expressing the classical result on a uniform distribution of intensity maxima.
Электроискровой синтез порошка α-WC и исследование его фазовых превращений при отжиге
Authors: Аганян A. В. , Костанян А. К. , Авагян А. Н. , Авагян А. Н. , Петросян Л. A. , Манукян С. Г. , Арутюнян В. С.
Published: December 2022

В данной работе предложен способ синтеза порошка α-WC методом электроискрового разряда, где в качестве электродных материалов использованы WC 8% Co (анод) и W (катод), а в качестве диэлектрической жидкости использована деионизированная вода. Синтезированный порошок после высушки был подвергнут термическому отжигу в воздушной атмосфере при температурах 250, 400 и 600С в течение 2 ч с целью анализа его термической стабильности и выявления возможных температурно-зависимых фазовых переходов. Фазовый состав, морфология и размеры частиц синтезированного порошка и порошков, подвергнутых термическому отжигу, были исследованы методами порошковой рентгеновской дифракции и сканирующей электронной микроскопии. Синтезированный порошок содержит две фазы: доминирующую фазу α-WC и фазу α-W2C. При температуре отжига 600°С обе фазы α-WC и α-W2C практически полностью переходят в фазу CoWO4. Обсуждены процессы формирования фазовых компонент синтезированного порошка и перехода этих компонент в фазу CoWO4 в результате термического отжига. In this paper, we propose an approach for the direct synthesis of α-WC powder by the electrospark discharge method. WC–8% Co (anode) and W (cathode) were used as electrode materials, and deionized water was used as a dielectric liquid. After drying, the synthesized powder was subjected to thermal annealing in atmospheric air at temperatures of 250, 400, and 600°C for 2 h in order to analyze its thermal stability and possible temperature-dependent phase transitions. The phase composition, morphology, and particle sizes of the synthesized powder and powders subjected to thermal annealing were studied by powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The synthesized powder contains two phases: the dominant α-WC phase (≈ 90 vol.%) and the α-W2C phase. At annealing temperature of 600°C, both α-WC and α-W2C phases almost completely transform into the CoWO4 phase. The processes of formation of the phase components of the synthesized powder and the transition of these components to the CoWO4 phase as a result of thermal annealing are discussed.
Точечная фокусировка дифрагированной на кристаллической пластинке двумерно δ-образной рентгеновской волны, с использованием эллиптической зонной пластинки
Authors:   Ереванский государственный университет, Ереван, Армения, Арутюнян Л. А.
Published: December 2022

Рассмотрена возможность двумерной фокусировки жесткого рентгеновского излучения, дифрагированной на идеальной кристаллической пластинке. Предполагается, что имеет место лауэвская геометрия дифракции, а волна, падающая на кристаллическую пластину, имеет δ-образную форму по двум взаимно перпендикулярным направлениям тангенциальной к волновому вектору плоскости. В качестве фокусирующего элемента используется френелевская зонная пластинка с эллиптическими зонами. Проведено численное моделирование фокусировки. Դիտարկված է իդեալական բյուրեղական թիթեղի վրա կոշտ ռենտգենյան ճառագայթման երկչափ կիզակետման հնարավորությունը։ Ենթադրվում է, որ իրականանում դիֆրակցիայի Լաուէ երկրաչափությունը, իսկ բյուրեղական թիթեղի վրա ընկնող ալիքը, ունի δ-ալիքի ձև ալիքային վեկտորին ուղղահայաց հարթության երկու փոխուղղահայաց ուղղություններով։ Որպես կիզակետող սարք, օգտագործվում է էլիպտական գոտիական թիթեղ։ Իրականացված է կիզակետման թվային մոդելավորում։ The possibility of the two-dimensional focusing of hard X-rays, diffracted on an ideal crystalline plate is considered. It is assumed, that the Laue geometry of diffraction is take place, and the wave incident on crystalline plate, in the wave-front plane is δ-shaped in both directions: parallel and perpendicular of reflection plane. The Fresnel zone plate with elliptical zones is used as a focusing device. A numerical simulation of the focusing is carried out.
Квантовая динамика невырожденного параметрического распада в оптическом резонаторе
Authors: Геворгян С. Т. , Геворгян М. С.
Published: December 2022

Для процесса невырожденного параметрического распада в оптическом резонаторе, в котором квант с энергией hw3 распадаетса на два кванта с энергиями hw2 и hw1 hw3= hw2 + hw1 hw исследована квантовая динамика числа фотонов, динамика квантовой энтропии и функции Вигнера взаимодействующих мод поля. Показано, что мода с частотой w3 в области очень сильной связи между взаимодействующими модами может локализоваться в сжатом состоянии, а моды с частотами w1 или w2 , не зависимо от значения коэффициента связи, локализуются в состояниях являющихся статистической смесью Фоковских состояний. Օպտիկական ռեզոնատորում չայլասերված պարամետրիկական տրոհման երևույթի համար, որում hw3 էներգիայով քվանտը տրոհվում է hw2 և hw1 էներգիաներով երկու քվանտի, որտեղ (hw3= hw2 + hw1) hw, հետազոտված է ֆոտոնների թվի, դաշտի փոխազդող մոդերի քվանտային էնտրոպիաների և Վիգների ֆունկցիաների քվանտային դինամիկան: Ցույց է տրված, որ w3 հաճախություն ունեցող մոդանը մոդերի միջև շատ ուժեղ փոխազդեցության տիրույթում կարող է լոկալացվել սեղմ վիճակում, իսկ w1 կամ w2 հաճախությամբ մոդերը անկախ մոդերի միջև եղած փոխազդեցության գործակցի արժեքից լոկալացվում են Ֆոկի վիճակների վիճակագրական խառնուրդ հանդիսացող վիճակում: The quantum dynamics of the number of photons, of the quantum entropy, and the Wigner functions of field interacting modes are studied for the process of non-degenerate parametric decay in an optical cavity, where a quantum with energy hw3 decays into two photons with energies hw2 and hw1 (hw3= hw2 + hw1). It is shown that the mode with frequency w3 can localize in a squeezed state in the region of very strong coupling between the interacting modes. It is shown that the modes with frequencies w1 and w2 localize in states that are a statistical mixtures of Fock states regardless of the value of the coupling coefficient.
Los eventos académicos y la educación matemática venezolana. Caso: Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana
Authors: Bencomo Delisa
Published: December 2022

El estudio de la dinámica categorial del Sistema de la Educación Matemática es parte de la Tesis Doctoral dedicada a la comprensión de la institucionalización de la investigación en Educación Matemática (Bencomo, 2020). El objetivo de este artículo es exponer la relación entre los eventos académicos y las categorías del sistema. Entre las coordenadas teórico-conceptuales de referencia se asumieron las nociones de campo, habitus, agente social y capital de Bourdieu (2000), la noción de actores de referencia y espacios de difusión de Toulmin (1977), la perspectiva sistémica de Beyer (2001) [ampliada por Belisario (2015), adaptada por Humbría (2019)] y la visión de la comprensión social propuesta por Weber (1964). El estudio es de carácter histórico, descriptivo e interpretativo, se sustentó en una indagación documental y fue concebido como un diseño de estudio de caso único. Por su naturaleza, el trabajo implicó la construcción de un corpus de estudio cuyos componentes fueron sometidos a procedimientos de análisis del contenido. Para registrar la información, se diseñaron instrumentos ad hoc tales como: lista de cotejo, fichas, matrices de información y otros dispositivos de registro.
Maladie de Basedow et myxœdème pré-tibial :
A propos d’un cas et revue de la littérature des options thérapeutiques
Authors: Melki Fatimazahrae , Bouziane Toumader , Aynaou Hayat , Salhi Houda , Ouahabi Hanan
Published: December 2022

Résumé :
La maladie de Basedow représente la cause la plus fréquente des hyperthyroïdies principalement chez les jeunes femmes en âge de procréation. Le goitre, l’ophtalmopathie et le myxœdème prétibial, rarement retrouvés, constituent la triade classique de la maladie décrite.
Le diagnostic du myxœdème prétibial est essentiellement clinique et la biopsie cutanée n’est nécessaire qu’en cas de doute diagnostic. Nous rapportons le cas d’une patiente suivie pour une maladie de Basedow et qui présente un myxœdème prétibial confirmé histologiquement et traité par corticothérapie locale sous occlusion.
OCULAR CICATRICIAL PEMPHYGOID, A DIFFICULT TREATMENT CASE
Authors: Hernandez Diana , Reyes Daniela , Garnica Adriana , Mendez Karen , Correa Carolina , Contreras Elkin
Published: December 2022

Background: Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) or cicatricial pemphigoid is an autoimmune disease associated with high morbidity. It presents as erosive mucosal lesions with scarring for which different treatments are used, depending on the degree of involvement. It may cause ocular complications requiring interdisciplinary management together with ophthalmology specialists because patients may need cataract surgery and corneal transplant in the event of perforation, or even a keratoprosthesis as the only option for visual rehabilitation.
Case Presentation: Clinical case of the dermatology service of University Hospital La Samaritana in Bogota, Colombia. The patient presented with multiple illnesses and a longstanding history of the disease with no improvement despite multiple approaches to management. In view of disease activity after several treatments and because of the need for surgery, annual rituximab administration was instituted in an attempt at controlling the disease and avoiding reactivations.
Conclusion: MMP is a disease associated with high morbidity. Diagnosis is usually delayed because onset of the disease is not evident at first and because of similarity with other diseases, resulting in the use of inadequate treatments in the absence of high quality evidence about potential interventions. In some cases, treatment for life is required in order to prevent progression.
“Knuckle pads in a pediatric patient– a benign condition with challenging differential diagnosis”
Authors: Mota B , Relvas Maria , o Lara
Published: December 2022

No abstract required
Assessment of the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Indian medical undergraduates: A cross sectional study
Authors: Agarwal Gopesh , Gupta Reshu , Sharma Priyanka , Mangal Disha
Published: December 2022

Background: Living in a restricted environment during the period of lockdown in COVID-19 pandemic resulted in psychiatric morbidity in form of stress, depression, and anxiety with medical undergraduates being one of the most affected.

Aim and Objectives: This study was planned to analyze the stress, anxiety, depression, and their possible causes among the medical undergraduates during nationwide lockdown.

Materials and Methods: An online survey was conducted on 1000 medical undergraduates of either gender of age 18 years or above of various colleges across India. Their mental health was studied for stress, depression and anxiety with tools of perceived stress scale, patient health questionnaire, and general anxiety disorder. Participants’ views on the decision of lockdown, their handling of inequities in academics, hobbies and social interaction, personal experiences, and opinions on health and financial issues were studied to investigate the possible causes.

Results: Equal participation was seen from day scholars/hostellers and either gender. Majority of students suffered from higher levels of health concerns due to depression (72.9%) and anxiety (90.3%) which were statistically insignificant whereas stress levels (78.9%) were found to be statistically significant. Non-constructive use of pandemic duration was seen significantly higher for paraclinical and early clinical years of the professional course. Significant statistics were obtained for academic excellence by regular online assessments and the students enjoying the pandemic duration.

Conclusion: Looking to the exacerbation of stress with the emergence of COVID 19, mental health of the medical students be evaluated and stress management techniques and strategies should be recommended to help stabilize mental well-being for present and any unforeseen circumstances.
Comparison of neuropsychological tests performance of the individuals higher and lower Yale Food Addiction Scores
Authors: Tekin Aysegul , Bulut Esra
Published: December 2022

Aim: This study aimed to compare neuropsychological test performances of individuals with and without food addiction (FA).
Methods: Two hundred and six university students were the study’s sample. At the first step of the study, sociodemographic features, Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and body mass index (BMI) of the participants were evaluated. Twenty participants who met the FA criteria according to YFAS and twenty randomly selected participants among those who did not meet the FA criteria according to YFAS were included in the second step of the study. In the second step of the study, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), Stroop Test, and Benton’s Judgment of Line Orientation Test (JLO) were applied to the participants with and without FA.
Results: Fifteen percent of the participants met the diagnosis of FA according to the YFAS. Stroop completion time, number of errors, number of spontaneous corrections, and interference were higher in the FA group than in the non-FA group (p=0.002, p<0.001, p=0.003, and p=0.001, respectively). Benton’s Judgment of Line Orientation test score was higher in the non-FA group than in the FA group (p=0.022). FA criteria number were correlated with Stroop-number of error and number of spontaneous corrections in participants with FA (r=.50 and r=.53, respectively).
Conclusions: It can be said that there are attentional and visuospatial deficits in FA that are reflected in neuropsychological test performance.
Oro-Mandibular Dystonia Developing with both Sertraline and Fluoxetine Use in a Female Adolescent with Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Sarioglu Setenay , Tufan Ali , Ozturk Yusuf , Ozdemir Dilara
Published: December 2022

Oro-mandibular dystonia (OMD) involves repetitive uncontrollable contractions of the lower facial muscles. Its etiology is not fully elucidated although various neurological (encephalitis, etc.), psy-chogenic, and psychopharmacological (SSRIs, antipsychotics, etc.) causes were implicated. Ado-lescent patients developing OMD after treatment with sertraline or fluoxetine alone were reported previously. In this case, we reported OMD in a patient with sequential trials of different SSRIs. Despite its rarity, this adverse effect may be borne in mind by clinicians.
Beneficios, inconvenientes y retos de los cursos COIL: las experiencias de los académicos
Authors: Ramírez Ramírez Argelia , Bustos-Aguirre Magdalena L.
Published: December 2022

Una de las estrategias de internacionalización del currículum más implementada en las instituciones mexicanas a partir de la pandemia por COVID-19 es la metodología COIL (Collaborative Online International Learning) que se basa en la colaboración académica, mediada por la tecnología, entre dos profesores universitarios y sus estudiantes. Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio cualitativo a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a académicos de la Universidad Veracruzana (México) que han implementado cursos COIL en sus asignaturas. Para el análisis, se presenta en primer lugar un breve marco conceptual sobre la internacionalización de la educación superior, sus estrategias y beneficios; en segundo lugar, se analiza la relación entre las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC) y las estrategias de internacionalización en casa y del currículum; en tercer lugar, se explica la metodología COIL y su evolución en la Universidad Veracruzana; y finalmente se presentan los resultados del estudio agrupados en tres categorías: las experiencias de los académicos sobre la implementación del componente COIL, y las habilidades tecnológicas y las competencias interculturales que, desde la perspectiva de los docentes, desarrollan los estudiantes que participan en las actividades COIL. Los resultados confirman que los cursos COIL contribuyen al desarrollo de habilidades tecnológicas y competencias interculturales relevantes en los estudiantes, y que la implementación exitosa de un curso COIL demanda tres elementos clave: la capacitación y los incentivos institucionales a los docentes; el aprovechamiento de las TIC; y el dominio de otro idioma entre estudiantes y académicos.
THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ON GREEN PRODUCT INNOVATION PERFORMANCE IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN WITH THE HELP OF MEDIATING ROLE OF GREEN CREATIVITY CLIMATE
Authors:   Superior University, Raiwind Rd, Kot Araian, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, Nasir Ali
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this paper, exploring the impact of success factors of EIP dimensions (i.e. Environmental Management, Creativity Climate, Green Creativity, Green Product Innovation Performance) & their impact on the organizational performance of Manufacturers in Pakistan on various leveled execution (i.e. environmental performance, economic performance, & operational performance, whereas EIP practices in developing countries like Pakistan needs to explore. The Data of this research were collected from the managers of 185 business firms in Pakistan through survey questionnaires with a purposive sampling technique. The target population consisted of managerial employees (business experts & executives) from private business firms & it was subjected to PLS-SEM for analysis. Our findings show that Manufacturing organizations can find consumers with low-quality environmental requirements having a low motivation to buy products. The most important element of an organization that promotes the establishment of a green factory product, contributes to the organizational innovation theory.
Devlet ve Vakıf Üniversitelerindeki Yönetim Bilişim Sistemleri Bölümlerinin Karşılaştırmalı Etkinlik Analizi
Authors: DOĞAN Ahmet , BEKMEZOĞLU Hafize Nur
Published: December 2022

Günümüzün artan rekabet ortamında, bilginin gücü en belirleyici etkenlerdendir. Belirlenen amaç ve hedefler doğrultusunda, yararlı olan bilgiyi kullanarak hızlı ve yerinde kararlar verebilmek, karar vericiler açısından oldukça önemlidir. Yönetim Bilişim sistemleri (YBS); karar vericilere, hızlı ve doğru kararı verebilmesinde yardımcı olur. Bu çalışma, 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim dönemi kapsamında Türkiye’de bulunan devlet ve vakıf üniversitelerindeki YBS bölümlerinin, Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) ile görece etkinlik durumlarının belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda 3 adet girdi değişkeni (öğrenci sayısı, akademik personel sayısı ve üniversiteye giriş taban puanı) ve 2 adet çıktı değişkeni (mezun öğrenci sayısı ve yayın puanları) belirlenerek, VZA modellerinden çıktı odaklı CCR ve çıktı odaklı BCC modeller kullanılmış ve aynı zamanda görece ölçek etkinlik durumları da belirlenmiştir. Çalışma uygulamasında VZA DEAP (Data Envelopment Analysis Program) Version 2.1 kullanılmış, elde edilen sonuçlar tablolaştırılarak açıklanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, 18 adet devlet üniversitesinin 14’ünün çıktı odaklı BCC modele göre etkin, 9 adet vakıf üniversitesinin ise 8’inin hem çıktı odaklı CCR hem de çıktı odaklı BCC modele göre etkin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
MODERN BİR HUKUK DEVLETİNİN GEREĞİ OLARAK İDARENİN SORUMLULUĞU
Authors: BUDAK Canan
Published: December 2022

Toplumsal yaşamın sistemli bir şekilde sürdürülebilmesi için hukuk kuralları ile düzenlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu düzenlemeyi yapma, uygulama ve müeyyide yetkileri devlet örgütlenmesine aittir. Bir devletin, toplumsal yaşama ilişkin ihtiyaçları karşılamak amacıyla aldığı kararlar ve yürüttüğü etkinlikler ise idare ile ilişkilidir. Modern bir hukuk devletinde, idarenin her türlü işlem ve eyleminin, her koşulda hukuka ve hakkaniyete uygun olması beklenmektedir. Bununla birlikte, hukuka aykırı her türlü işlem ve eylem için de birtakım müeyyideler öngörülmektedir. Ancak böylesi eylemlerin, müeyyideler ile karşılaşarak sonlandırılması, hakkaniyet açısından her zaman yeterli olamamaktadır. Zira idarenin, tek yanlı iradesi ile gerçekleştirdiği eylem ve işlemler -bunlar hukuka uygun biçimde gerçekleştirilmiş olsa dahi- zaman zaman bireylerin maddi/manevi zararlara uğramasına da neden olabilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, hukuk devleti ilkesinin benimsendiği bir devlet örgütlenmesinde, idarenin işlem ve eylemlerinden doğan böylesi zararların da giderilmesi bir yükümlülüktür. Literatürde bu yükümlülük, idarenin sorumluluğu prensibi ile açıklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, idarenin sorumluluğu prensibinin mahiyeti, hukuk devleti ilkesi bağlamında açıklanmaktadır.
IMPROVING HOME LITERACY SKILLS OF PARENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: CANBULAT Tuncay , İLHAN Elif , OLĞUN-BAYTAŞ Müge
Published: December 2022

The first years of human life are critical in all developmental areas. In these years, shared family experiences, social interaction, and safe, responsive, and nurturing environments provided to a child constitute the determining factor in their future life. The home environment is considered to be a place where the foundations of language and literacy skills are stimulated for many children. The COVID-19 pandemic, which affected the whole world, has caused non-formal education to be carried out remotely and via digital tools to an unprecedented extent. This situation has necessitated parents to be more aware of the possibilities of the home environment and its impact on children and to better understand the importance of taking responsibility. However, very few scholars in this pandemic situation have pointed out how language and literacy opportunities can be offered in the home environment, which is the first place of education for children. Therefore, this study aims to increase parents' home literacy skills and attitudes in order to develop opportunities and resources for children's participation in literacy-related interactions. Over a semester, 11 preschool and 12 first-year elementary school parents participated in this action research from Buca district of Izmir province in Turkey. Before implementing the action plans, parental attitudes towards home literacy competencies were assessed using a semi-structured survey prepared by the researchers. After the action plan, the parents’ developmental status and attitudes towards home literacy were again evaluated with a semi-structured survey, and all data were analyzed using descriptive, percentage, frequency, and Cramer V analysis methods. According to the results, the action plan steps had a positive impact on raising awareness of the home literacy environment, building language and literacy activities, and supporting extension skills in essential language development (listening/watching, speaking, reading, and writing).
An optimization study for processing variables in fabrication of cinnamon tincture by response surface methodology
Authors: KARAMAN Safa
Published: December 2022

In this study, effects of two processing variables namely liquid/solid ratio (3-10 mL/g) and ethanol concentration (25-75%) on total phenolic content and antiradical activity of cinnamon tincture were investigated using response surface methodology. Total phenolic content of the tincture samples ranged between 4667.9-14892.6 mg GAE/L while the IC50 values were in the range of 71.64-78.55. The effect of both liquid/solid ratio on total phenolic content of the cinnamon tincture samples was determined to be significant (p