bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Consumer Knowledge in Developing Purchase Intentions and Driving Services Efficiency across Marketing Channels in Mexico
Authors: Rajagopal
Published: November 2016

This study is carried out in Mexico with an objective to analyse empirically the role of education in a transforming services marketing strategies of the firms. The study is carried on in Mexico through pragmatic investigation among the consumers subscribing to the communication and entertainment services. The analysis of primary data is developed around the theory of action that demonstrates the skills and confidence of individuals or groups towards making decision in acquiring or hiring services to improve their quality of life. The results of the study reveal that knowledge acquired on the services and value perceived by the consumers play key role in determining the intentions to purchases services. This study meticulously rows several arguments on how consumers with high level of education scrutinize the benefits offered by the firms marketing their communication and entertainment services, and build their value propositions on the services bought or contracted.
Key Performance Indicators for the Organized Farm Products Retailing in India
Authors: Singh Rajwinder , Singh Ajit Pal , Metri Bhimaraya A.
Published: November 2016

The Non-livestock products include Horticulture products (flowers, fruits, nuts, vegetables and medicinal plants) and Agriculture products (Crops like; rice, cotton, wheat). These items share the maximum sale of the farm products. Unfortunately, the farm production in India has witnessed a huge wastage. It has attracted the attention of many practitioners and policy makers. Witnessing the opportunity many organized retail players have entered the arena to sell farm products. However, the supply chain (SC) performance measurement has remained the major challenge as “No measurement no improvement”. Many organizations are searching for an efficient SC performance measurement system. Our study recommends that the SC performance shall be improved by developing a SC strategy based on a limited set of key performance indicators (KPI). Otherwise, managers shall waste time and resources on the undesirable performance indicators. We have identified and classified the KPI for non-livestock retailing SC management into five groups. These are 1) Customer Attraction Metrics (product quality, product personality, process quality); 2) Inventory Metrics (fill rate, customer response time, return adjustment, spoilage adjustment, and Vendor managed inventory); 3) Attractiveness Metrics (inventory cost, distribution cost, Return on investment, stakeholder value, sales profit and channel flexibility); 4) Transportation Metrics (shipping errors, and volume flexibility); and 5) Customer Metrics (lead time, delivery flexibility, and backorder flexibility). This grouping shall help the practitioners to focus on a limited set of KPI for better management of supply chains.
Incidence of Green Accounting on Competitiveness
Authors: Panigrahi Ramakrushna
Published: November 2016

The traditional growth theories and neoclassical economic development models have dominated the economic policies in both developed and developing economies over last decades. As a result, the global output has increased manifold due to inherent cost competitiveness ingrained in neoclassical model that heavily relies on optimization of output and resources based on the marginality principle. However, income growth has resulted in environmental degradation and depletion of natural resources as the framework of SNA does not treat these resources as fixed capital and hence, the depreciation of such resources are not treated aptly in the framework of income accounting. The environmental degradation and the recent phenomenon in global warming and the debate of climate change have taken centre-stage in the political discourse. This prompts for an urgent need for an institutionalized market oriented framework to treat environmental costs and depletion of natural resources. This paper makes an attempt to provide a framework to estimate green income from Mining and Quarrying sector by incorporating depreciation factor and examines its implications for export competitiveness of the sectors which use the output of Mining sector as inputs.
Intutionistic Fuzzy Difference Equation
Authors: Mondal Sankar Prasad , Vishwakarma Dileep Kumar , Saha Apu Kumar
Published: November 2016

In this chapter we solve linear difference equation with intuitionistic fuzzy initial condition. All possible cases are defined and solved them to obtain the exact solutions. The intuitionistic fuzzy numbers are also taken as trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy number. The problems are illustrated by two different numerical examples.
A Three-Level Supply Chain Model with Necessity Measure
Authors: Das Barun
Published: November 2016

In this chapter, a vertical information sharing in terms of inventory replenishment / requirement from the customer(s)? retailer(s)? producer? supplier(s) has been done. The constant imprecise fuzzy demands of the goods are made to the retailers by the customers. These goods are produced (along with defectiveness, which decreases due to learning effects) from the raw materials in the producer's production center with a constant production rate (to be determined). Producer stores these raw materials in a warehouse by purchasing these from a supplier and the suppliers collect these raw materials from open markets at a constant collection rate (to be determined). The whole system is considered in a finite time horizon with fuzzy demand for finished products and fuzzy inventory costs. Here shortages are allowed and fully backlogged. The fuzzy chance constraints on the available space of the producer and transportation costs for both producer, retailers are defuzzified using necessity approach. Results indicate the efficiency of proposed approach in performance measurement. This paper attempts to provide the reader a complete picture of supply chain management through a systematic literature review.
Distinctive Leadership
Authors: Naik Kasturi Rohit , Srinivasan Srini R.
Published: November 2016

This chapter aims on exploring the role of social context, personality, intrinsic motivation and learning agility on leadership development taking into consideration both collective and relational leadership development along with individual leadership development with retention of moral identity as self-identity. After the study on leadership development literature in details this chapter is an attempt to bridge certain gaps found in literature by means of qualitative empirical research to connect leader development with leadership development. By giving details with respect to formative years, career course, personality, leadership highlights etc. of Mr. Suryakant Sarjoshi owner of chain of restaurants located in India and winner of Foodie Hub Global Award held in London, 2015 this chapter focuses on how developmental experiences should be arranged over time and how these experiences can reinforce each other.
Routines as a Perspective for HR-Professionals
Authors: Blomme Robert J. , Lub Xander D.
Published: November 2016

This chapter examines how organizational behaviour is rooted in routines and habits. Using insights from sociology and cognitive psychology, the authors develop a framework which addresses the influence of the broader environment on organizational behaviour, including societal and generational developments, over time is discussed. The chapter argues that these broader environmental developments exert a greater influence on organizational behaviour than many managers and HR-professionals realize. To assist these professionals, the authors present three insights offering them a further understanding of organizational behaviour and how this may be affected by HR policies.
Perspective of Managing Talent in Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Ratri , Anggadwita Grisna
Published: November 2016

A superior organization is usually supported by systematically managing talent. The effective talent management will increase employees' commitment and satisfaction that lead to employees' engagement. Some of the issues that led to the ineffectiveness of management talent are a lack of understanding of the concept in managing talent, low commitment from every department, and goings of the best talents of the organization. This study aims to identify effective talent management processes in an organization, especially in Indonesia.This study also focused on how to retain employees who belong to the Y generation. A qualitative approach is used to explore the conditions that occur in every process of managing talent in 12 major companies in Indonesia were obtained through interviews and surveys. This study proposes a conceptual framework that shows several steps as a solution to the problem associated with managing the talented employee. There are three major groups in the talent management process including attracting talent, developing talent, and retaining talent.
Study Abroad for Preservice Teachers
Authors: Witt Allison , Pino-Yancovic Mauricio , Neal Brandi
Published: November 2016

The research presented in this chapter critically analyzes undergraduate preservice teachers' perceptions of their study abroad experience in Hong Kong and Macau to better understand the potential as well as the challenges of preparing teachers for a diverse and global society. Drawing on critical analysis of both study abroad and preservice teacher education, we interrogate the potential for study abroad as a means to prepare culturally responsive teachers, and then critically read the preservice teachers' perceptions of their experience. Results include both beneficial outcomes of study abroad to disrupt the competitive themes dominant in global education, as well as potential limitations of short term study abroad experiences as a method for establishing sustained global networks of educators. Considerations for those developing study abroad are presented and recommendations for study abroad planning are suggested.
A Decolonizing Study Abroad Program in Mexico for Pre-Service Teachers
Authors: Kasun G. Sue
Published: November 2016

Due to the well-documented cultural mismatch between predominantly white teachers and the majority of non-white youth entering U.S. schools, teacher educators have sought multiple avenues to address this problem. This chapter explores one university study abroad program for pre-service teachers of English learners and its efforts to decolonize education by indigenizing the curriculum. The chapter explores the major program set-up, from curricular issues to building relationships with partners in Mexico. The chapter provides multiple insights into the partnership between the Mexico-based language institute, with its focus on social justice, and the doors it opened toward partnership with one indigenous school that embraced the Four Agreements. The pre-service teacher participants were dramatically impacted by that experience in ways that the author argues are enduring and decolonizing.
The Cambridge Schools Experience
Authors: Dennis Danielle V. , Branson Stephanie M. , Flores Brian M. , Papke Allison M.
Published: November 2016

Clinical field experiences are essential components of teacher education programs. Though largely missing from most teacher education programs, cross-cultural field experiences aid teacher development by broadening their perspectives of diversity, teaching, and learning. This chapter explores the experiences of both preservice and in-service teachers who participated in a four-week intensive field experience in Cambridge, England. The Cambridge Schools Experience (CSE) curriculum emphasizes: 1) noticing and naming literacy practices, 2) deepening understandings of literacy teaching and learning, 3) being responsive in the moment, and 4) being a collaborative educator. Along with findings from the study, we discuss the program structure, as well as barriers to implementation and suggestions for overcoming those barriers to ensure program longevity.
Teacher Candidates in International Contexts
Authors: Putman S. Michael
Published: November 2016

Colleges of education are under pressure to produce globally competent teachers. Within this context, there has been increasing support for participation in international field experiences. This chapter presents findings associated with a study abroad experience on preservice teachers' cultural awareness and efficacy for culturally responsive practices. Implications will address the development of understanding of the various issues that surround international teaching experiences for preservice candidates.
The Benefits and Limitations of a Short-Term Study Abroad Program to Prepare Teachers in a Multicultural Society
Authors: An Heejung , Hong Carrie E. , Fuentes David
Published: November 2016

This chapter describes a group study abroad program in which 12 U.S. participants (6 pre-service and 6 in-service teachers) traveled to South Korea to enhance their cultural awareness of Korea and to then develop curricula pertaining to Korean history, the arts, area studies, and literature. The authors describe what the program focused on and how the curriculum activities were designed and implemented. Further, an overall theoretical framework for the project and a summary of research findings is presented. Overall, findings note that the participants' level of perceived cultural awareness was not significantly altered through participation in the program. Additionally, this chapter reports whether and how participants' future perceived pedagogical practices were changed as a result of participating in this program. Suggestions for how to diversify the U.S. teacher workforce are also discussed.
Feeling Silly and White
Authors: Davis-Maye Denise , Yarber-Allen Annice , Jones Tamara Bertrand
Published: November 2016

The following chapter provides an overview of the Summer Institute on the Welfare of Women in Belize (SIWWB) and highlights the results of a mixed-methodological evaluation of the project funded by United States Department of Education Fulbright Hays Group Projects Abroad program. The objectives were for 12 higher education and K-12 educators to study Belizean women's historical and contemporary issues; study the cultural heritage and contributions of ethnic groups; study the legacy of participation of women of African ancestry; to examine access to economic opportunity and advancement for women of African ancestry; and finally to develop curricula that will prepare students for an increasingly global and interdependent world. The chapter will present a stimulating discussion of the results of the evaluations, challenges experienced in successfully implementing this faculty-led study abroad experience, as well as highlight best practices and provide recommendations for best practices for future projects.
Bridging Local and Global Experiences
Authors: He Ye , Lundgren Kristine
Published: November 2016

To internationalize the K-12 curriculum and instructional practices, there is an increasing need to provide study-abroad opportunities for practicing teachers. In this chapter, the authors describe the design of a recent Fulbright-Hays Group Project Abroad (GPA) program that offer practicing teachers from different grade levels and content areas the opportunity to bridge their local and global experiences. The intentional design of program activities at the pre-departure, in-country, and re-entry phases is detailed based on research regarding teachers' communities of practice, teacher change, and the cultural transition framework. In addition to program activities, the challenges faculty directors and participants experienced and the strategies employed to leverage these challenges into learning opportunities are discussed. Recommendations for similar study-abroad programs involving practicing teachers are also provided.
Authority and Legitimacy
Authors: Stamatakis Nikolaos
Published: November 2016

Today, the majority of research has focused on legitimacy, while much less attention has been given to the sources of trust in the police (Nix et al., 2014). Limited attention has been also paid to the examination of legitimacy of the police services as viewed by those they serve (Bottoms & Tankebe, 2013), especially by the young people. Hence, the current study aims to add to this body of research in three ways. First, it examines the factors that influence peoples' beliefs about the police and their intentions to cooperate or exhibit confidence. Second, this study constitutes one of the first empirical analyses that highlight the importance of examining the relationship between police authority and legitimacy in Brazil. Aiming to understand the dynamics among those notions in relation to trust and obedience, the empirical part of the present study is conducted in the district of Jardim Ângela (Sao Paolo); once considered as the most violent urban region in the world. The final contribution lies in its focus on early adolescence as the particular age forms a crucial period in peoples' legal socialization (Dirikx & Van den Bulck, 2014). The statistical analysis shows significant relationships between the frequency of obedience in laws and trust in the police, and dimensions of perceived legitimacy.
Minorities in the Criminal Courts Adjudication
Authors: Ousley Ron
Published: November 2016

The following chapter addresses disparities shared by minority racial populations in the United States regarding how the public's perception of minority groups directly impact the outcome of the adjudication process in American criminal courts. Also addressed are key points in American history that have granted aid to the segregation, discrimination, and overall mistreatment of minorities; in addition, racial disparities caused by various media outlets and their portrayal of minorities in this country will be identified in order to explain the effect on officials in the justice system in relation to sentencing outcomes. Included will be quantitative and qualitative research and the resulting data on arrests and prison populations as it directly correlates with sentencing in both state and federal criminal courts. The goals of sentencing and sentencing guidelines of both state and federal criminal courts will be expounded upon in order to differentiate between the resulting objectives.
Assessing Impact of ICT Intercultural Work
Authors: Rickard Angela , Austin Roger S. P.
Published: November 2016

This article reports on a school-based ICT initiative, called Dissolving Boundaries (DB) which links primary, (pupils aged 5-11), post-primary (pupils aged 12-18) and special schools (pupils aged 5-18) in partnerships across the border between Northern Ireland and Ireland. The aim of the research was to investigate if participation in DB was associated with an increased awareness and understanding of life on the other side of the border. The ICT skills of pupils were also probed. Two cohorts of pupils were used in the study, one which had taken part in the Dissolving Boundaries program during an academic year and another cohort of similar age in the same schools, which had not taken part. Findings suggest that participation in the program contributed to students' knowledge and awareness in general of the other jurisdiction. In terms of collaborative work, a large majority of DB pupils agreed that they could learn something new from working with another school. Participating pupils in the DB program showed much higher competence in those ICT skills associated with communication and collaboration than their non-participant peers.
Pre-Service Teachers' Motivation to Use Technology and the Impact of Authentic Learning Exercises
Authors: Banas Jennifer R. , York Cynthia S.
Published: November 2016

In this quasi-experimental study, the authors explored the impact of authentic learning exercises on pre-service teachers' motivational beliefs to integrate technology, as well as the ability of those beliefs to predict intentions to integrate. A questionnaire was used to assess 104 pre-service teachers' motivational beliefs, namely intrinsic and extrinsic goal orientations, task value, self-efficacy, and control of learning in relation to technology integration. Results indicated authentic learning exercises might have enhanced motivational beliefs, particularly self-efficacy and intrinsic goal-orientation. Also, motivational beliefs predicted their intentions to integrate technology into future instruction, with task value predicting significantly. The chapter concludes with implications for practice.
Technology-Infused Education and Academic Integrity
Authors: Cole Michele T. , Swartz Louis B. , Shelley Daniel J.
Published: November 2016

This chapter explores the challenges of maintaining academic integrity in a technology-infused learning environment. The authors review recent findings from a qualitative study of students' views of academic integrity and the effect of technology on students' perceptions of ethical behavior in the online environment within the context of the earlier study which forms the core of the chapter (Cole, Swartz, & Shelley, 2014). Of the 42 graduate students participating in the qualitative study, all responded that ethical behavior should be equal if not higher in the online environment. These students also felt that while technology could facilitate dishonest behavior, it could also provide instructors with the tools to mitigate such behavior. These results are in contrast with those from the earlier studies in which students accepted that the differences in the two learning environments allowed for a more fluid, if not a lower, standard of behavior in the online environment.
Social E-Learning Tools
Authors: Gupta Saurabh
Published: November 2016

The growth of technology and the inclusion of “digital natives” as students in the education world have created a demand pull for the use of Social learning technologies in education. Dominant among these tools have been wikis, blogs and discussion boards. Distance education experts view the use of these tools as key differentiators when compared to traditional education methods. However, the research in this area has yet to provide clear guidelines on usage. In this chapter, the aim is to provide a theory-driven model to outline the application and impact of these technologies in education. The focus is on the education tasks and technologies' characteristics to evaluate the underlying fit. The chapter outlines the extant research to substantiate our model and provide practitioner guidelines.
Turning Good Intentions into Good Teaching
Authors: Hailu Meseret , Mackey Janiece , Pan Joy , Arend Bridget D.
Published: November 2016

Higher education classrooms are increasingly diverse in regards to student culture, including race, gender, nationality, and intersecting identities. Yet faculty members oftentimes do not have adequate training in teaching, cultural competence, or intercultural communication. Building upon the principles of Intercultural Communication Competence (ICC), the authors in this chapter explore different bodies of literature in order to pull together common principles for promoting culturally responsive pedagogy in U.S. higher education. The purpose of this chapter is to focus on teaching practices that go beyond inclusive intentions, and instead focus on pedagogy that is truly responsive to diverse groups of students, especially in terms of the most prominent cultural aspects, such as race, gender, and nationality. Specifically, five principles are described and detailed: 1) Instructor awareness of epistemology, 2) Recognition of diverse knowledge systems, 3) Inquiry based instruction, 4) Incorporation of student choice, and 5) Expanded use of formative feedback.
Intercultural Teaching Competence in the Disciplines
Authors: Dimitrov Nanda , Haque Aisha
Published: November 2016

As universities continue to internationalize their curricula and recruit a growing number of international students, instructors facilitate learning in increasingly diverse classrooms. This chapter explores the application of Intercultural Teaching Competence (ITC) by faculty members across the disciplines at a large Canadian research university. Based on focus group interviews with instructors in eighteen disciplines, it provides varied and concrete examples of how instructors mobilize intercultural teaching competence to navigate diverse classrooms, promote perspective-taking and global learning goals among students, practice culturally relevant teaching, and validate different ways of knowing and communicating among students through assessment practices. Placing disciplines at the centre of the discussion in this way elucidates the extent to which ITC may be adapted to fit the contours of the academic field and allows readers to explore best practices for facilitating the development of intercultural competence among students in their disciplines. Finally, the implications of disciplinary differences in ITC are discussed for faculty development and curriculum support.
Target Language, Target Culture
Authors: Escobar José Carlos
Published: November 2016

Learning a language must result in becoming competent in a new culture because accessing the culture language stands for and being able to share its cultural content requires learning not just the meaning but also the historical and social background of its vocabulary. Words reveal the linguistic and social behavior of native speakers and give students a full understanding of the target language. This chapter deals with different concerns present in foreign language classrooms, a space where language and intercultural competence must be developed. It describes some linguistic competence-related concerns (Section 1), then it deals with specific intercultural related aspects of grammar and perception which are part of the linguistic competence to be developed in class (Section 2) and it finishes with a general description of three basic ways used in the Spanish-as-second-language (SSL) classroom in order to teach language and culture so as to help students to develop intercultural competence (Section 3).
Connecting the Dots
Authors: Ogunsanya Olajumoke
Published: November 2016

Calls for businesses to act with concern for the environment and society create new operating scenarios in which sustainability concerns must be taken into consideration along with the primary objectives of profitability and competitiveness. These additional obligations contribute to dynamism of the marketplace and make it important for businesses to draw on creativity and innovation to find connections between the unrelated in order to establish new efficiencies that can create competitive advantage and differentiation in the environment they find themselves. The central theme of this chapter is how bisociation informs collective creativity and innovation, and influences sustainability for business organizations competing in an environment that is in a permanent state of flux. This chapter trails a series of concepts to find the relationship between the concept of bisociation, collective creativity and sustainable business practices. The aim is to show how consistent creative thinking and exploration of information in different spaces of thought can proffer innovative solutions organizations require for their long term survival and prosperity.
The Role of Leadership in Cultivating a Responsible Collective Creative Work Environment
Authors: Shiri Alphonce Tavona
Published: November 2016

This chapter examines the concept of collective creativity in the work environment and in particular the manufacturing sector in Gweru, Zimbabwe. The chapter analyzes the role of a leader in fostering a work climate that cultivates collaborative efforts by followers in creating new ideas and for the sustainability of business operations. Literature relating to leadership role in enhancing sustainable and responsible collective creativity is reviewed. The chapter adopted a quantitative approach in which a survey questionnaire was pilot tested to assess the clarity of the questions on the questionnaire and test the internal consistency of the questions. A pilot test of the situational outlook questionnaire (SOQ) was conducted on 20 respondents in the manufacturing industry to assess the questions for clarity and internal consistency. The final survey questionnaire was distributed to 60 employees in the manufacturing sector in Gweru, Zimbabwe. The items on the questionnaire were rated on a 5 point Likert scale. Data was analysed using SPSS version 23. Data was analysed to determine the correlations between the independent variables and dependent variables. Transformational leadership constructs, namely idealised influence, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation and individualised consideration constituted leadership independent variables. Analysis of research data reveals that high performance is related to sustainable business practices such as the creation of environmentally friendly and affordable products. Unethical business practices are found to be negatively related to business performance and collective creativity. Analysis of the data revealed a positive correlation between individualised consideration construct of transformational leadership and ideal support (r=.527, p=.001) and a positive correlation between individualised consideration and openness (r=.343, p<.001), and a positive correlation between individualised consideration and involvement (r=.123, p<.001) This means that when a leader displays support through taking into consideration the individual needs of his or her followers, subordinates feel that the leader is encouraging them to participate in company activity and increase their perception of an involving climate. Acts of leadership support also stimulate subordinate views of an open forum where they can contribute to collective creativity within the organisation.
Sustainable Business Model Innovation
Authors: Taminiau Job , Nyangon Joseph , Lewis Ariella Shez , Byrne John
Published: November 2016

Establishing a sustainable energy future can justifiably be considered the next frontier in global sustainable development under the agenda laid out in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The newly adopted Paris Agreement which seeks to hold global average temperature increase to “well below 2°C” above pre-industrial levels inserts additional urgency into this agenda. To realize the commitments outlined in the agreement, implementation of innovative sustainable business models capable of producing strong mitigation and adaptation outcomes is required ‘on the ground' and needs to be available for subsequent diffusion across different countries, contexts and domains. This chapter explores the value of polycentric climate change governance through an investigation of sustainable business model innovation. An example of a sustainable business model, called the Sustainable Energy Utility (SEU), is evaluated and an assessment of United Nations-based programming to aid future diffusion of such business models is conducted.
Industrialization Mode for Energy Recovery Using Dry Centrifugal Granulation Process
Authors: Yu Peng Fei , Wang Shu Zhong
Published: November 2016

A growing number of researches believes that Dry Centrifugal Granulation (DCG) process is the most promising process in deal with the molten slag to raw material in cement produced on account of the no water consumes, no harmful gas emissions and efficient recovery of waste heat. Apparently, some obstacles, like every new technology, are on its way to industrialization. In this paper a new liquid slag feeding mode is present with a new way to control the flow rate of molten slag in order to gain fine particle diameter and high glassy phase.
Cut Surface Features in Various Die-Cutting Processes
Authors: Sontamino Arkarapon , Thipprakmas Sutasn
Published: November 2016

Currently, the shaped parts combined with straight, concave, and convex portions are increasingly fabricated. To produce the straight portion, the shearing theory is usually applied. As well as, to produce the concave and convex portions, the punching and blanking theories are usually applied. However, with the same die-cutting process parameters, the comparison of cut surface features of straight, concave, and convex portions has not been investigated yet. Therefore, in the present research, the comparison of the cut surface features in various die-cutting processes, including shearing, blanking, and punching processes are investigated. The finite element method (FEM) was used as a tool to investigate these cut surface features. The cut surface features were investigated and clearly identified via the changes of the stress distribution analyses. The results elucidated that with the same die-cutting process parameters, the different cut surface features were obtained. Specifically, the crack formations were easily generated in the case of blanking process, following by the shearing and punching processes, respectively. Therefore, the smooth cut surface was smallest in the case of blanking process, following by the shearing and punching processes, respectively. The laboratory experiments were carried out to verify the accuracy of the FEM simulation results. Based on the cut surface features, the FEM simulation results showed good agreement with the experimental results in terms of the cut surface features. Therefore, to design the die-cutting process parameters to meet the product requirements of complicated shapes, the understanding on these working process parameters being upon the shaped parts is necessarily.
The Wear Characteristics of a Wire Tool in the Microgrooving of Ceramics
Authors: Sakamoto Satoshi , Hayashi Keitoku , Gemma Masaya , Kondo Yasuo , Yamaguchi Kenji , Yamaguchi Mitsugu , Fujita Tsuyoshi
Published: November 2016

A wire tool having electrodeposited diamond grains is frequently used for machining hard and brittle materials such as silicon ingots, magnetic materials, ceramics, and sapphires. This study aims to examine the wear characteristics of the tool during the microgrooving of ceramics. We conducted microgrooving experiments for alumina ceramics. The results indicate that the grooving time and the machining distance influence the groove depth. However, as the damage in a wire tool progresses, the groove depth does not depend on the machining distance. A fast relative velocity leads to serious damage in the wire tool even when the machining time is short. In the case of wet grooving, the damage to the wire tool was smaller than that in the case of dry grooving.
Effect Residual Stress on Material Hardness by Finite Element Simulation during the Process of High Speed Cutting
Authors: Tang De Weng , He Zhi Feng , Lv Xi Jian , Peng Cong
Published: November 2016

Residual stresses induced during the process of high speed cutting are very critical due to safety and corrosion resistance. Based on the nonlinear finite element code DEFORM, thermodynamic couple model of residual stress was built. Effect distribution of residual stresses on three different materials physical properties of hardness are analyzed by using the finite element model during the process of high speed cutting. The results show that metal material hardness is the key factors to residual stress. When materials’ hardness is higher, residual tensile stress is easy to form on the machined surface due to high cutting temperature, such as hardened steel SKD11(HRC=62). To lower hardness material, residual compressive stress is generated on the machined surface for plastic deformation, such as softer materials 7075Al (HRC=23).
Implementation of Multi-Axial Fatigue Theory in FE Packages
Authors: Bharadwaj Madhu , Rao Prajwal , Srinivasan Sowmianarayanan
Published: November 2016

Many mechanical or structural components are subjected to multi-axial, irregular cyclic loading during service. The direction and amplitude of principal stress and strain vary over a period of time results in non-proportional cyclic loading on the component. At geometrical discontinuities, even a monotonic load will result in multi-axial state of stress. In general, the life of the components subjected to multi-axial stress loadings, are evaluated using classical yield theories. The Tresca and von Mises criterions along with Basquin-Coffin and Manson life curve are widely used in commercially available Finite Element Analysis (FEA) tools. These classical methods are conservative and may not yield good experimental correlation at all the loading conditions and this augments the need for robust life estimation methodology.There are many commercially available FEA tools to estimate the multi-axial fatigue life viz. nCODE® which uses Wang-Brown method [1]. However, it has been found that for shear dominated fatigue material Fatemi-Socie criteria is more suitable. So an attempt is made to develop a an algorithm to implement Fatemi-Socie criteria in a commercially available generic FEA software in a cost effective way. This paper discusses how to estimate the life of a sample specimen subjected to multi-axial and non-proportional loading conditions. The classical yield criteria based on von-Mises stress with Basquin-Coffin and Manson equation and critical plane method viz, Fatemi-Socie criteria are implemented in to commercial FEA tool, ANSYS. This paper also attempt to see how these theories compare with experimental data. Results of this study would help in leveraging the established process of implementing custom based life estimation method in ANSYS for the estimation of the life of the mechanical components.
Anisotropic Compression Properties of Selective Laser Melted Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Wang Chieh Fu , Cheng Tian Lin , Lin Bo Huan , Lin Chi Wei , Wu Ming Wei , Chen Jhewn Kuang
Published: November 2016

This study observes the behaviors of selective laser melted (SLM) Ti-6Al-4V cylindrical samples when compressed along different directions. The effects of defect and microstructures upon compression behaviors are discussed. The disc-shape defects formed between the building layers does not affect the compression strength of SLM samples tested along different directions. The compression strength is up to 1330 MPa. The columnar structures formed along the building direction causes the plastic deformation to vary greatly with sample orientations. The samples compressed along the building Z direction sustain up to 24.4% deformation, while the samples compressed along the horizontal X and Y directions show a much lower fracture strain of 13.9%. The plastic deformation of columnar grains in crack propagation were observed greater than compressing with the columnar boundaries lying parallel to the compression surfaces. The disc-shape pores also tend to coalesce with each other in the X and Y samples causing a more brittle behaviors.
Human Basophils Modulate Plasma Cell Differentiation and Maturation
Authors: Dijkstra Dorothea , Meyer-Bahlburg Almut
Published: November 2016

Basophils represent <1% of circulating leukocytes. They play a crucial role during allergy and helminth-induced Th2 responses. However, recent data also suggest a contribution to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Basophils from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus show an activated phenotype, correlating to disease activity. Furthermore, murine basophils or their mediators enhance memory responses and plasma cell (PC) survival, suggesting that they directly modulate the function of B cells. This is highly relevant with respect to human allergy and autoimmunity because a possible modulation of B cell differentiation by basophils could point to new therapeutic targets. Therefore, the interaction between human B cells and basophils and the mechanism underlying this interaction were investigated in detail. Using two different methods to induce PC differentiation, we found that human basophils enhance B cell proliferation, class switching, differentiation into PC, maturation of PC, and production of Igs, especially IgG. Basophil supernatants enhanced the expression of the B cell markers CD23 and CD40, which are important for B cell differentiation into IgG-producing PC. This was mainly IL-4 dependent. IL-3 amplified the number of PC in vitro, and acted synergistically with basophils in enhancing Ab production. Thus, human basophils modulate B cell differentiation into Ab-producing PC. Their contribution as modulators and effectors during allergy and autoimmunity should be considered when designing new therapeutic options.
We’ll make a man out of you yet: The masculinity of Peter in the book of Acts
Authors: Stewart Eric
Published: November 2016

According to scholars of masculinity studies, manhood is won or lost through the performance of gender-based expectations. In any given culture, masculinities exist in hierarchal relationships. The author of the book of Acts shows Peter demonstrating elite masculine performances in the narrative of Acts. Through Peter’s self-control, and the lack of self-control on the part of those who oppose him, his persuasive, public speech and his ability to control others in the text, Peter exhibits a masculinity that contradicts early portraits of Peter found in 1 Corinthians and the gospels of Matthew, Mark and John. Peter is not overcome by other people in Acts, and he demonstrates a masculinity that is complicit with the types of masculinities prized by the Romans and often considered out of the reach of foreigners.
Psychosocial stress in South African patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ramkisson Samantha , Pillay Basil J. , Sartorius Ben
Published: November 2016

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is considered an emotionally and behaviourally demanding condition which adds to the stress of a patient’s daily living. There is a paucity of literature in South Africa regarding stress and diabetes. This study therefore aims to identify the areas and contributory factors of psychosocial stress in South African patients with diabetes.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at two public facilities and five private medical practices on the north coast of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The Questionnaire on Stress in Diabetes – Revised was administered to 401 participants.Results: Eighteen percent of the sample reported having extreme psychosocial stress. Depression, physical complaints and self-medication/diet were the main areas which contributed to high psychosocial stress. Factors that also contributed to high levels of psychosocial stress were low educational level, unemployment, female gender, attending the public sector and high HbA1c levels.Conclusion: Psychosocial stress affects metabolic control in patients with diabetes, thereby increasing the risks of long-term complications.
The Gradient Superconvergence of Bilinear Finite Volume Element for Elliptic Problems
Authors: Zhang Tie , Tang Lixin
Published: November 2016

We study the gradient superconvergence of bilinear finite volume element (FVE) solving the elliptic problems. First, a superclose weak estimate is established for the bilinear form of the FVE method. Then, we prove that the gradient approximation of the FVE solution has the superconvergence property:

where denotes the average gradient on elements containing point P and S is the set of optimal stress points composed of the mesh points, the midpoints of edges and the centers of elements.
Museums in a Digital Culture
Authors: Legêne  , Akker Chiel , Stevens Martijn , Lindhé Cecilia , Grammatikopoulou Christina , Beaulieu Anne , Rijcke Sarah , Braake Serge , Braake Serge , Hennessy Kate
Published: November 2016

The experience of engaging with art and history has been utterly transformed by information and communications technology in recent decades. We now have virtual, mediated access to countless heritage collections and assemblages of artworks, which we intuitively browse and navigate in a way that wasn't possible until very recently. This collection of essays takes up the question of the cultural meaning of the information and communications technology that makes these new engagements possible, asking questions like: How should we theorise the sensory experience of art and heritage? What does information technology mean for the authority and ownership of heritage?
Complex non-profit collaboration: A Case Study of The Advocacy Initiative
Authors: Visser Anna
Published: November 2016

In 2008 in Ireland there was a real sense that social justice advocacy, by non-profit organisations, was under threat from the state. The experience of many advocates and their organisations was that the state was actively working to silence advocacy. However there were no or few spaces where the non-profit sector (in Ireland often referred to as the community and voluntary sector) could reflect and dialogue about social justice advocacy: the threats it faced, its purpose, methodologies, effectiveness, assumptions, and legitimacy. Where spaces did exist there were low levels of trust and not always room for dissent from dominant narratives (Murphy 2014). The Advocacy Initiative was established to provide the opportunity for the sector to come to grips with these challenges and consider more deeply its advocacy function.
Editorial
Authors: Pasian Beverly
Published: November 2016

Conversations about projects and project management are changing. Project Management researchers and practitioners are no longer only focused on the processes and practices, but increasingly looking for ‘some truths’ of project management (Morris, 2016) – truth that can be as likely found when considering values as much as knowledge. And what is considered to be so valuable that a new journal is needed to reveal those truths? Quite simply…a better world where humanity’s problems are alleviated through shared and publicly available innovative projects, and socially responsible project management research and practice. And what is PMRP’s role in this quest? To provide a forum where informed dialogue can occur with project management researchers, practitioners and other stakeholders.
GPS network observation of traveling ionospheric disturbances following the Chelyabinsk meteorite blast
Authors: Ding Feng , Mao Tian , Hu Lianhuan , Ning Baiqi , Wan Weixing , Wang Yungang
Published: November 2016

Abstract. We use the Global Positioning System (GPS) network in northwest China and central Asia to monitor traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), which were possibly excited by the large meteorite blast over Chelyabinsk, Russia, on 15 February 2013. Two TIDs were observed. The first TID was observed 13 min after the blast within a range of 270–600 km from the blast site. It propagated radially from the blast site with a mean velocity and period of 369 m s−1 and 12 min, respectively. The second TID was found in northwest China, 1.5 h after the time of the blast, at  ∼  2500–3100 km from the blast site. This latter TID propagated southeastward with a velocity and period of 410 m s−1 and 23 min, respectively. Severe dissipation of the perturbation total electronic content (TEC) amplitude was observed. Any TIDs propagating in a global range was not found after the meteorite blast. Features of TIDs were compared with those excited by early nuclear explosion tests. It is inferred from our analysis that the energy release of the Chelyabinsk meteorite blast may not be large enough to excite such ionospheric disturbances in a global range as some nuclear explosions did.
Shape optimization and sensitivity of compliant beams for prescribed load-displacement response
Authors: Radaelli Giuseppe , Herder Just L.
Published: November 2016

Abstract. This paper presents the shape optimization of a compliant beam for prescribed load-displacements response. The analysis of the design is based on the isogeometric analysis framework for an enhanced fidelity between designed and analysed shape. The sensitivities used for an improved optimization procedure are derived analytically, including terms due to the use of nonlinear state equations and nonlinear boundary constraint equations. A design example is illustrated where a beam shape is found that statically balances a pendulum over a range of 180° with good balancing quality. The analytical sensitivities are verified by comparison with finite difference sensitivities.