bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peer reference and the out-of-the-building experience
Authors: Bodemer Brett B.
Published: January 2023

Purpose

This article conceptualizes essential keys to the future of peer reference in academic libraries as extrapolated through the dual lenses of academic library history in the United States of America and recent experiences of a peer program with prospective and actual out-of-the-building experiences.

Design/methodology/approach

A 30,000-foot historical view of the dispositions of space in academic library buildings, collections, spaces, technology and reference provision is integrated with a description of the responses and insights of a peer reference program during the program's prospective and actual out-of-the-building experiences. These components are then analyzed to extrapolate keys to peer reference provision in any learning environment.

Findings

Peer reference is a natural extension of the Learning Commons model as developed in many academic libraries. To find optimal success in leveraging the benefits of peer-to-peer learning, program coordinators should keep in mind the social aspects of peer learning and intentionally articulate a framework for service delivery that best matches the modalities of providers, patrons and the information environment. In reviewing training and service practices, coordinators should be particularly on guard for any bias due to traditional reliance on the affordances of a library building and/or physical service point.

Originality/value

This article founds its conclusions in regard to the future of peer reference by contextualizing the evolution and future of such programs in the wider historical context of academic library dispositions of space in support of learning. It proposes a conceptual framework for intentionally matching the modalities of providers, patrons and the information environment.
Putting DEIA into practice: incorporating diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility into student employee training
Authors: Ferer Elise
Published: January 2023

Purpose

This paper describes the process of developing training for student employees at a reference desk in which students assist peers and others in the community with research help.

Design/methodology/approach

This case study details the process as well as the challenges in developing training that is helpful for student employees in performing day-to-day tasks at a reference desk and incorporates diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility (DEIA) and high-impact practices (HIPs).

Findings

Training for student employees that prepares them for library work and incorporates DEIA and HIPs can be developed. These ideas can be incorporated into training for all library employees, not just students.

Practical implications

This article aims to assist others in developing training for front-line student employees that incorporates DEIA and recognizes the importance of HIPs.

Originality/value

DEIA and HIPs are considered throughout the development and implementation of training for student employees. Librarians have been training student employees to assist their peers with research for many years. This approach goes beyond the training that is needed to do a job and takes DEIA and student development through HIPs into account.
Demographic characteristics of participants in graduate college professional and sociocultural development programming
Authors: N. Schram Laura , Flores-Scott Emma M. , Clasing-Manquian Paula
Published: January 2023

Purpose

The USA’s higher education leaders and professional organizations have called for increased professional development programming at graduate colleges to better prepare US graduate students for their future careers. This study aims to investigate the demographic characteristics of graduate students participating in co-curricular professional development (PD) and sociocultural development (SD) programming at a graduate college at a large, selective and research-intensive public university in the Midwestern USA.

Design/methodology/approach

Using institutional data from six semesters, the authors examined the characteristics of students that attended the graduate college’s programs at one university. The authors analyzed which students were most likely to attend PD and SD programs using multinomial logistic regression models.

Findings

Female students, students from US historically marginalized racial groups, and US Pell Grant recipients (low-income students) were found to have a higher likelihood of attending both PD and SD programs at the centralized graduate college.

Practical implications

The findings will be of interest to graduate deans and educators who support graduate students. Further evaluative research on the usefulness of such programs at other institutions would help graduate colleges better understand the role they play in meeting graduate students’ needs.

Originality/value

The findings contribute to the understanding of the important role of the US graduate college in the development of graduate students. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first study to evaluate the backgrounds of graduate students who pursue co-curricular PD and SD opportunities.
Usefulness and barriers of adoption of social media for disability services: an empirical analysis
Authors: Alathur Sreejith , Pai Rajesh R.
Published: January 2023

Purpose

This study aims to examine the factors that influence the adoption of social media to meet the service needs of persons with disabilities.

Design/methodology/approach

This study outlines the social media adoption model in disability services by using theories of persons with disabilities’ resistance, extreme-ableist expressions and exploit-ecological theories. A questionnaire survey is conducted among citizens who participate in disability-related activities.

Findings

The adoption of social media is influenced by disability norms, administrative and platform support. Emerging trends, such as disability politics and inclusion, are inconsequential.

Research limitations/implications

Results implicate that frequent sharing of disability rights perspectives and awareness initiatives can enhance social media platforms for disability services.

Practical implications

In regional disability services, the scope of social media is hampered by a lack of reporting capabilities and a paucity of digital content sensitive to disability.

Originality/value

The disability interest group reported less specialised services enabled by social media from developing nations. The current study addresses this research gap.
The analysis of web opening configuration on cold-formed steel hat purlin under torsion behaviour
Authors: Jin Ying Ling , De’nan Fatimah , Choong Kok Keong , Hashim Nor Salwani
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Cold-formed steel has been used extensively as secondary elements such as purlins and girts in building frames. Purlin is critical to the structure of the roof because it supports the weight of the roof deck and aids to make the entire roof structure more rigid. Furthermore, cold-formed steel purlin is a replacement for wood purlin because steel purlins are light weight and more economical. Hence, the purpose of this study to investigate the effect of opening due to torsion behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach

This analysis used cold-formed steel hat purlin with and without openings (WOs) under different opening shape, location and spacing by using finite element LUSAS software.

Findings

The finite element results showed that purlin with openings had higher angle of rotation than section WO, with a percentage difference of not more than 6%. When the opening was located at mid-span, the angle of rotation reduced. Angle of rotation increased when the opening spacing increased. Number of openings also affected the torsional behaviour of the purlin. Five opening shapes, which were circle, diamond, C-hexagon, square and elongated circle, were studied. Among all the shapes, purlin with diamond opening was more resistance to torsion.

Originality/value

The use of cold-formed steel section with web openings (rectangular or circular) is a practical solution when it is required to pass service ducts through the structural member. However, the presence of opening gives minor effect on the structural behaviour of cold-formed steel hat purlin.
Characterization of missense mutations in the NADPH oxidase partner p22phox in the A22° subtype of chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: Kawai Chikage , Kajikawa Mizuho , Yamauchi Akira , Okamoto Shuichiro , Kuribayashi Futoshi , Miyano Kei
Published: January 2023

Defective superoxide production by NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) in phagocyte cells results in the development of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a hereditary disease characterized by recurrent and life‐threatening infections. The partner protein p22phox is a membrane‐spanning protein which forms a stable heterodimer with Nox2 in the endoplasmic reticulum. This interaction ensures the stability of each protein and their accurate trafficking to the cell membrane. The present paper describes the characterization of p22phox missense mutations that were identified in a patient with CGD who presented with undetectable levels of p22phox. Using a reconstitution system, it was found that p22phox expression decreased when R90Q, A117E, S118R, A124S, A124V, A125T, or E129K mutations were introduced, suggesting that these mutations destabilize the protein. In contrast, introducing an L105R mutation did not affect protein expression, but did inhibit p22phox binding to Nox2. Thus, the missense mutations discussed here contribute to the development of CGD by either disrupting protein stability or by impairing the interaction between p22phox and Nox2.
Stress tensor double dot product imaging condition for elastic reverse time migration
Authors: Du Qizhen , Zhang Fuyuan , Liang Zhanyuan , Li Qingqing , Fu Li‐Yun
Published: January 2023

As one of wavefield separation methods in elastic reverse time migration, the decoupled wave equation succeeds to separate the particle velocity of P‐ and S‐wave without mode crosstalk. However, it fails to decouple the stress of P‐ and S‐wave which encounters with the problem of crosstalk. To overcome the crosstalk, the paper has proposed the quasi‐stress equations to decouple the stress tensor wavefields of P‐ and S‐wave based on the decoupled stress–strain relationship. Because P‐ and S‐wave stress wavefields are second‐order tensors, different from the imaging method of vector decoupled particle velocity wavefields, a double dot product imaging condition is proposed to obtain scalar images. Based on the total source‐stress tensor wavefields and separated receiver‐stress tensor wavefields, we obtain the scalar images of quasi‐PP and quasi‐PS from the stress information by the double dot product imaging condition. Several numerical examples are evaluated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the separation of P‐ and S‐wave stress and advantage of the proposed imaging condition from the second‐order stress tensor wavefields.
Wetland attributes significantly affect patterns of bird species distribution in the Sardinian wetlands (Italy): An uncertain future for waterbird conservation
Authors: Ferrarini Alessandro , Gustin Marco , Celada Claudio
Published: January 2023

The Sardinian wetlands belong to the Sardinia‐Corsica corridor of the central eastern Mediterranean bird flyway. They supply the food and shelter for many waterbird species and act as stopover sites during migratory journeys. Despite policies and laws of the European Union, the Sardinian wetlands are severely threatened by anthropic activities and ongoing climate change, making the condition of the associated avifauna critical.

We (a) inventoried the avian metacommunity of the largest coastal wetlands in Sardinia during the summer period, (b) investigated the metacommunity structure, (c) quantified the effects of wetland attributes on avian diversity at species and guild level and (d) predicted future changes in species composition of this metacommunity.

We recorded 60 bird species (of which 21 belonged to Annex I of the Birds Directive). The metacommunity structure resulted was significantly nested and non‐modular. Salinity negatively affected the presence of 48 species out of 60, followed by tourism pressure (44 species), wetland isolation (42 species) and water discharges (36 species). The mean water level resulting from artificial regulation for anthropic activities was too high for 63% of the species, which disadvantaged primarily small waders, species feeding on invertebrates and trans‐Saharan migrants. In addition, water‐level fluctuations (that would favour avian diversity) were prevented by artificial regulation during the summer period in many wetlands, producing further negative effects on the avifauna. We found 45% of the recorded bird species at risk of disappearance from this avian metacommunity.

Synthesis and applications. Our study indicates that, as things stand, the avian metacommunity of the Sardinian wetlands is destined to experience reductions in the short term and mid‐term. This decline will be accelerated by increased saltwater intrusions due to sea‐level rise. Nevertheless, the nested and non‐modular structure of this avian metacommunity would allow for pro‐active conservation measures (e.g. restriction for tourism activities, construction of artificial dune cordons to minimize saltwater intrusions, water‐level regulation that keeps into account also the ecological requirements of waterbird species) to counteract the effects of current and future threats.
Proteomics analysis reveals that CirA in Aeromonas hydrophila is involved in nutrient uptake
Authors: Song Qingli , Zhang Lishan , Wang Guibin , Song Huanhuan , Zhang Shuangziying , Yao Jindong , Lin Xiangmin
Published: January 2023

The colicin I receptor (CirA) is a well‐studied outer membrane protein that has been reported to play important roles in antibiotic resistance, virulence, and iron homeostasis, although its exact physiological roles require further investigation. In this study, differentially expressed proteins between the ΔahcirA and wild‐type (WT) strains of Aeromonas hydrophila were compared using quantitative proteomics. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the expression of peptide, histidine, and arginine ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporter system‐related proteins was significantly higher in the ΔahcirA strain. Subsequent growth assays revealed that ΔahcirA grew slower than the WT strain in nutrient‐limited medium when supplemented with dipeptide, histidine, and arginine as the carbon source. Far‐western blot analysis further confirmed that AhCirA can directly bind to histidine/arginine and dipeptide small‐molecule substrates in addition to their periplasmic‐binding proteins, AhDppA and AhHisJ, respectively. These results indicate that AhCirA may play an important role in the uptake of amino acids and peptides as a channel‐forming porin while also directly interacting with ABC transporters to transport nutrient substances into the plasma membrane. Overall, this study demonstrates that AhCirA is a multifunctional protein in A. hydrophila and extends our understanding of known nutrient transport mechanisms among bacteria.
Those who Wear the Crown Wield the Knife: the Brutality of Recent Takeover Reshuffles
Authors: Allen Nicholas
Published: January 2023

Recent ‘takeover’ Prime Ministers have tended to conduct relatively brutal Cabinet reshuffles immediately after taking office. Liz Truss dismissed and moved large numbers of ministers after becoming Prime Minister in September 2022, and Rishi Sunak did the same after succeeding Truss in October 2022. This article locates the tendency towards brutalism in the broader context of British Cabinet reshuffles. It compares the scale of takeover reshuffles with other types of reshuffles and demonstrates how incoming takeover Prime Ministers in the twenty‐first century have reconstructed their Cabinets more extensively than their predecessors. The article argues that the use of all‐member ballots in party leadership elections has been a key driver of brutalism, and it further identifies several reasons why future Prime Ministers might want to resist the tendency.
Educators' perspectives on working with a humanoid robot in a French preschool class for autistic children
Authors: Garnier Philippe , Martel Karine , Dachez Julie , Audry Pauline , Bourgoin Pascal , Stawinski Fleur
Published: January 2023

Humanoid robots have shown to provide interesting perspectives for autistic children. Yet, few studies have looked at educators' point of view on the use of such robots in educational settings. This paper presents a case study of the use of a humanoid robot, NAO, in a French preschool class dedicated to autistic children. Our work focuses on the perspectives of the adults working with these children. We interviewed the professional staff about changes in their teaching due to the presence of the robot, about the effects on the pupils' behaviour, and about the collaboration between the special needs teacher, the special needs support worker and the operational specialist from the digital education department of the district academic head office. Four themes were identified: joint reflection and collaboration when working with NAO, working with NAO, impact of NAO on pupils, impact of NAO on adults. The professionals underscored the necessity of adopting certain attitudes, in particular, the most neutral facial expression possible, so as not to disturb the children's learning process. They were under the impression that the robot had a beneficial effect on the pupils in terms of learning and social skills, and that it facilitated collaboration among them.
Ethanol stability in unpreserved refrigerated antemortem blood
Authors: Kosecki Patrick Allan , Canonico Erika , Abbott Lori
Published: January 2023

Ethanol stability in preserved antemortem blood has been widely studied since it is a common practice in cases involving suspected impaired driving to collect antemortem blood in evacuated blood tubes containing sodium fluoride. In some situations, antemortem blood is submitted to a forensic laboratory for ethanol analysis in evacuated blood tubes that contain only an anticoagulant. There has been limited research on ethanol stability in antemortem blood stored without a preservative. On two occasions, antemortem blood was collected from five ethanol‐free individuals into 6‐ml Vacutainer® tubes containing only 10.8 mg potassium EDTA. The blood tubes were spiked with ethanol to approximately either 0.08 or 0.15 g/dl. Dual‐FID headspace gas chromatography was used to analyze 58 blood tubes, 29 from each session, for ethanol 1 day after sample collection and again after 1 year of refrigerated storage (~4°C). Statistically significant decreases in ethanol were detected at the 0.05 level of significance. Mean decreases in ethanol after 1 year of storage for the 0.08 and 0.15 g/dl samples were 0.013 and 0.010 g/dl, respectively. The mean ethanol decrease across all tubes was 0.012 g/dl. The range of decreases for the 58 blood tubes was 0.003–0.018 g/dl. The mean ethanol decreases measured in this unpreserved antemortem blood are comparable in magnitude to those previously observed in antemortem blood containing sodium fluoride after 1 year of refrigerated storage. Ethanol did not increase in the antemortem blood samples despite the absence of sodium fluoride.
The effect of food intake during hemodialysis on blood pressure: A nonrandomized experimental trial
Authors: Avci Melek , Arikan Fatma
Published: January 2023

Background

Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is one of the most important intradialytic complications and is thought to be associated with intradialytic food intake. Allowing intradialytic feeding is still unclear. This study aimed to determine the relationship between IDH and intradialytic food intake.

Methods

A nonrandomized experimental study was conducted to determine the effect of intradialytic food intake on blood pressure (BP) in hemodialysis patients. Each patient was assessed twice using an ambulatory BP monitor with and without intradialytic food intake.

Results

The study was completed with 54 patients. Intradialytic hypotension developed in 40 patients (74.1%) during the food intake session, while intradialytic hypotension developed in 22 participants (40%) in the no‐food session. Repeated BP readings showed that eating 2 h or more after the start of hemodialysis significantly reduced BP.

Conclusions

Intradialytic food intake affects the development of IDH. Patients who ate during hemodialysis had a trend of higher of IDH than those who ate nothing during hemodialysis. Eating during dialysis is not recommended.
Effect of febuxostat on adverse events and mortality in gout in Taiwan: An interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Tsai Ping‐Han , Kuo Chang‐Fu , Liu Jia‐Rou , Li Pei‐Ru , See Lai‐Chu
Published: January 2023

Objectives

To evaluate the influence of febuxostat on adverse events and mortality in gout.

Methods

We retrospectively enrolled patients with newly diagnosed gout and prescribed urate‐lowering therapy between 2006 and 2017 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. These patients were divided into 2 groups: with and without comorbidities (n = 294 847 and 194 539). An interrupted time series analysis with adjustments for demographics, comorbidities, and comedication by propensity score‐based stabilized weights was used to compare the trend of adverse events and mortality before vs after febuxostat was introduced in 2012.

Results

The proportion of febuxostat use gradually increased from 0% in 2012 to 30% in those with comorbidities and 10% in those without comorbidities in 2017. Allopurinol use decreased from 30% in 2012 to 10% in 2017. The slope of the 1‐year incidence rate of Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) (per 10 000 patients) significantly reduced after 2012 in those with and without comorbidities (−0.375 per quarter, P = .015 and −.253 per quarter, P = .049). The slope of the 3‐year incidence rate of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (per 1000 patients), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (per 1000 patients), and all‐cause mortality (per 100 patients) significantly increased after 2012 in those with comorbidities (+0.207 per quarter, P = .013; +.389 per quarter, P = .002; +.103 per quarter, P = .001).

Conclusions

Febuxostat may reduce SJS and TEN in all gout patients but increase AMI, PCI, and all‐cause mortality in gout patients with comorbidities.
Awe culture and corporate social responsibility: Evidence from China
Authors: Yan Chao , Wang Jiaxin , Wang Zhi , Chan Kam C.
Published: January 2023

By proxying ‘awe culture’ (i.e., reverence for life and ethical behaviour) with regional induced abortion rates, we examine the impact of awe culture on corporate social responsibility (CSR) in a sample of Chinese firms. We find that firms located in areas with higher induced abortion rates spend less funds on CSR activities and obtain lower CSR scores. The findings remain intact after an array of robustness tests. Further analysis shows that the effect of awe culture on CSR is more pronounced in areas with weaker law enforcement and where the local government emphasises economic growth targets. However, the effect becomes insignificant when firms are well‐represented by top executives with overseas experience, foreign directors, and a high proportion of female board members. The significance of the effect also diminishes for non‐state‐owned firms, and firms with higher institutional ownership and higher cash holdings. Moreover, the lack of awe culture attenuates the positive impact of CSR on firm value. Overall, we document that awe culture, as an informal institution, shapes CSR behaviours.
Understanding the differential effect of local socio‐economic conditions on the relation between prescription opioid supply and drug overdose deaths in US counties
Authors: Fink David S. , Keyes Katherine M. , Branas Charles , Cerdá Magdalena , Gruenwald Paul , Hasin Deborah
Published: January 2023

Background and aims

Both local socio‐economic conditions and prescription opioid supply are associated with drug overdose deaths, which exhibit substantial geographical heterogeneity across the United States. We measured whether the associations of prescription opioid supply with drug overdose deaths vary by local socio‐economic conditions.

Design

Ecological county‐level study, including 3109 US counties between 2006 and 2019 (n = 43 526 county‐years) using annual mortality data.

Setting

United States.

Cases

A total of 711 447 drug overdose deaths.

Measurements

We modeled overdose counts using Bayesian hierarchical Poisson models, estimating associations between four types of drug overdose deaths (deaths involving any drugs, any opioid, prescription opioids only and heroin), prescription opioid supply and five socio‐economic indicators: unemployment, poverty rate, income inequality, Rey index (components include mean household income, % high school graduates, % blue‐collar workers and unemployment rate), and American human development index (HDI; an indicator of community wellbeing).

Findings

Drug overdose deaths and all substance‐specific overdose deaths were higher in counties with higher income inequality [adjusted odds ratios (aORs) = 1.09–1.13], Rey index (aORs = 1.15–1.21) and prescription opioid supply (aORs = 1.14–1.21), and lower in counties with higher HDI scores (aORs = 0.75–0.92). Poverty rate, income inequality and HDI scores were found to modify the effect of prescription opioid supply on heroin overdose deaths. The plot of the interactions showed that when disadvantage is high, increasing prescription opioid supply does not increase heroin overdose deaths. The less disadvantage there is, indicated by lower poverty rates, higher HDI scores and lower income inequality, the greater the effect of increasing prescription opioid supply relative to population size on heroin overdose deaths in US counties.

Conclusions

In the United States, prescription opioid supply is associated with higher drug overdose deaths; associations are stronger in counties with less disadvantage and less income inequality, but only for heroin overdose deaths.
An intensive longitudinal examination of topiramate treatment for alcohol use disorder: a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Votaw Victoria R. , Witkiewitz Katie , Van Horn M. Lee , Crist Richard C. , Pond Timothy , Kranzler Henry R.
Published: January 2023

Background and Aims

Previous findings have been equivocal as to whether a single‐nucleotide polymorphism (rs2832407) inGRIK1, which encodes a glutamate receptor subunit, moderates the effects of topiramate treatment for drinking reduction. We leveraged intensive longitudinal data to provide greater precision and allow an examination of intermediate outcomes addressing this question. We used data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the hypotheses that topiramate treatment reduces daily heavy drinking, desire to drink and positive alcohol expectancies and that these effects are stronger in rs2832407*C‐allele homozygotes.

Design

Secondary data analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Setting

University of Pennsylvania Treatment Research Center in the United States.

Participants/Cases

Participants were 164 individuals (70.1% male, mean age = 51.42, 36.0% rs2832407*C‐allele homozygotes) who sought to reduce or stop drinking.

Intervention and Comparator

Participants were assigned to medication (topiramate or placebo), with stratification by genotype group (CC versus AA/AC) and treatment goal (reduce versus abstain).

Measurements

During the 12‐week treatment period, participants completed daily interactive voice response (IVR) surveys.

Findings

On any given day during treatment, participants who received topiramate had lower odds of IVR‐reported heavy drinking [odds ratio (OR) = 0.259,b (standard error, SE) = −1.351 (0.334),P < 0.001] and lower levels of desire to drink [b (SE) = −0.323 (0.122),P = 0.009] and positive alcohol expectancies [b (SE) = −0.347 (0.138),P = 0.013] than those who received placebo. Participants who received topiramate also reported greater reductions in positive alcohol expectancies during the first 2 weeks of treatment than those who received placebo [b (SE) = −0.028 (0.008),P = 0.001], but topiramate did not impact the daily rate of change in heavy drinking or desire to drink. Genotype did not moderate the effects of topiramate on any outcomes examined (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Topiramate is an effective medication for individuals seeking to reduce heavy drinking. The effects are not moderated by the single‐nucleotide polymorphism rs2832407.
The association between maternal and paternal substance use and child substance use, internalizing and externalizing problems: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: McGovern Ruth , Bogowicz Paul , Meader Nick , Kaner Eileen , Alderson Hayley , Craig Dawn , Geijer‐Simpson Emma , Jackson Katherine , Muir Cassey , Salonen Domna , Smart Deborah , Newham James J.
Published: January 2023

Aims

There is substantial evidence showing an association between parental substance use and child substance use and/or mental health problems. Most research focuses upon maternal substance use, with the influence of paternal substance use often being overlooked. We aimed to investigate the differential effects of maternal and paternal substance use upon children aged 0–18 years.

Methods

We used systematic review methods to identify observational studies examining the association between either maternal or paternal substance use and child substance use and/or mental health problems. The odds ratio (OR) effect measure was used, for ease of computation. We used a random‐effects model with the inverse variance method to meta‐analyse the findings from eligible studies.

Results

We included 17 unique studies with a total of 47 374 child participants. Maternal and paternal substance use were both associated with increased odds of child any drug use [OR = 2.09; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.53, 2.86; n = 12 349 participants; three studies and OR = 2.86; 95% CI = 1.25, 6.54; n = 5692 participants; three studies, respectively], child alcohol problem use (OR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.73, 2.71; n = 7339 participants; four studies and OR = 1.70; 95% CI = 1.36, 2.12; n = 14 219 participants; six studies), child externalizing problems (OR = 1.81; 95% CI = 1.01, 3.22; n = 1748 participants; three studies and OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.18, 2.17; n = 2508 participants; six studies) and child internalizing problems (OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.25, 2.06; n = 1748 participants; three studies and OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.12, 1.81; n = 2248 participants; five studies). Child any alcohol use was associated with maternal substance use only (OR = 2.26; 95% CI = 1.08, 4.70; n = 28 691 participants; five studies).

Conclusions

Both maternal and paternal substance use are associated with child substance use and mental health problems.
Newborns requiring resuscitation: Two thirds have heart rate ≥100 beats/minute in the first minute after birth
Authors: Kibsgaard Amalie , Ersdal Hege , Kvaløy Jan Terje , Eilevstjønn Joar , Rettedal Siren
Published: January 2023

Aim

The aim was to study the prevalence of bradycardia at birth in newborns requiring positive pressure ventilation (PPV), distribution of first measured heart rate (HR), changes in HR before start of PPV and HR response to PPV.

Methods

A population‐based study including newborns ≥30 weeks' gestation receiving PPV at birth. HR was captured immediately after birth and continuously throughout resuscitation using the dry‐electrode ECG device NeoBeat. Time of birth was registered in the Liveborn app. Provision of PPV was captured by video.

Results

We included 98 newborns receiving PPV at birth. Among newborns with HR measured within 60 s after birth, median (quartiles) first HR was 112 (84, 149) bpm recorded 19 (14, 37) s after birth, of which 33% had first HR <100 and 10% had first HR <60 bpm respectively. First HR was widely distributed. Median HR at start PPV 69 s after birth was 129 bpm. In newborns with an initial low HR, HR typically remained low for 20 s of PPV before increasing rapidly over the next 20–30 s.

Conclusions

First measured HR was ≥100 bpm in two thirds of newborns receiving PPV. In bradycardic infants, HR did not increase until after 20 s of PPV.
The CaSR/TRPV4 coupling mediates pro‐inflammatory macrophage function
Authors: Chen Xiongying , Lu Wei , Lu Cheng , Zhang Luyun , Xu Feng , Dong Hui
Published: January 2023

Aim

Although calcium‐sensing receptor (CaSR) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels are functionally expressed on macrophages, it is unclear if they work coordinately to mediate macrophage function. The present study investigates whether CaSR couples to TRPV4 channels and mediates macrophage polarization via Ca2+ signaling.

Methods

The role of CaSR/TRPV4/Ca2+ signaling was assessed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐treated peritoneal macrophages (PMs) from wild‐type (WT) and TRPV4 knockout (TRPV4 KO) mice. The expression and function of CaSR and TRPV4 in PMs were analyzed by immunofluorescence and digital Ca2+ imaging. The correlation factors of M1 polarization, CCR7, IL‐1β, and TNFα were detected using q‐PCR, western blot, and ELISA.

Results

We found that PMs expressed CaSR and TRPV4, and CaSR activation‐induced marked Ca2+ signaling predominately through extracellular Ca2+ entry, which was inhibited by selective pharmacological blockers of CaSR and TRPV4 channels. The CaSR activation‐induced Ca2+ signaling was significantly attenuated in PMs from TRPV4 KO mice compared to those from WT mice. Moreover, the CaSR activation‐induced Ca2+ entry via TRPV4 channels was inhibited by blocking phospholipases A2 (PLA2)/cytochromeP450 (CYP450) and phospholipase C (PLC)/Protein kinase C (PKC) pathways. Finally, CaSR activation promoted the expression and release of M1‐associated cytokines IL‐1β and TNFɑ, which were attenuated in PMs from TRPV4 KO mice.

Conclusion

We reveal a novel coupling of the CaSR and TRPV4 channels via PLA2/CYP450 and PLC/PKC pathways, promoting a Ca2+‐dependent M1 macrophage polarization. Modulation of this coupling and downstream pathways may become a potential strategy for the prevention/treatment of immune‐related disease.
Dietary linseed supplementation improves meat quality and flavor of sheep by altering muscle fiber characteristics and antioxidant capacity
Authors: Hou Yanru , Liu Chang , Su Lin , Zhao Lihua , Yang Zhihao , Bai Yanping , Dou Lu , Yao Duo , Jin Ye
Published: January 2023

Linseed as a common oil crop that has been implicated in regulating the meat quality of animals. The aim of this investigation was to establish the effects of dietary linseed supplementation on carcass traits, meat quality, muscle fiber characteristics, volatile compounds and antioxidant capacity of sheep. Twenty‐four Sunit sheep were distributed into 2 groups with different diet: control (CO) fed a standard diet and linseed (LS, 8% of extruded linseed). The results showed that linseed not only increased M. longissimus thoracis (LT) increased the loin‐eye area but also decreased pH24h, L* and shear force. Meanwhile, linseed increased mRNA expression of MyHCI and MyHCIIx and decreased in cross‐sectional area (CSA) and muscle fiber diameter. In addition, linseed altered the composition of meat volatile flavor compounds, such as Z‐10‐Pentadecen‐1‐ol, pentanal, 2‐Octenal, (E)‐, decanal, butane, and 2‐heptanone. Moreover, linseed increased total antioxidative capacity (T‐AOC) activity, the mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) and catalase (CAT), decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Overall, the results suggest that linseed is an effective feed additive in improving meat quality and flavor. The underlying mechanisms for its effectiveness may be partly due to a change in muscle fiber characteristics and antioxidant capacity.
High‐dose insulin should be used before vasopressors/inotropes in calcium‐channel blocker toxicity
Authors: Mégarbane Bruno
Published: January 2023

High‐dose insulin (HDI) therapy with adapted glucose supplementation to maintain euglycaemia has been suggested to treat calcium‐channel blocker (CCB) poisonings. Its underlying mechanisms of action are now well documented. We present a narrative review of the published experimental studies, case reports and experts' opinions to support the effectiveness and safety of HDI in the treatment of CCB poisoning. Our review strongly encourages the use of HDI as first‐line therapy in CCB‐poisoned patients in the presence of cardiovascular compromise, especially if cardiac function impairment has been diagnosed, before, but without delaying, the administration of vasopressors/inotropic drugs.
Knowledge base for social capital's role in scaling social impact: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Mohiuddin Md. Fazla , Yasin Ida Md. , Latiff Ahmed R. A.
Published: January 2023

Social capital and scaling social impact are two of the most important concepts within social entrepreneurship and social enterprise research. However, what role social capital plays in scaling social impact is less understood and academic literatures on the connection of these two crucial concepts are fragmented and scattered. To fill this research gap, we have conducted a bibliometric review to inform academics and researchers the salient agents in the field and categorize the conceptual structure of the knowledge base. Using science mapping techniques, we have analyzed 1549 relevant documents from SCOPUS that are published between 1986 and 2021. The primary objective of this review is to uncover the size, growth trajectory, and geographic distribution of literatures related to social capital's role in scaling social impact. Additionally, we have also analyzed key publishing journals, authors, and documents to map the intellectual structure and research fronts of the domain. The review shows that there is a reasonable accumulation of scientific knowledge concerning social capital's role in scaling social impact in the last three decades. Another key finding is that, some of the keywords identified within the research fronts are closely aligned with a number of UN‐SDG goals. This is the first study to systematically map social capital's role in scaling social impact literature with the help of a science mapping tool called bibliometric analysis. This work provides a clear overview of the evolution of the research field and presents potentially important research gaps that require further attention.
Model Uncertainty Quantification in Cox Regression
Authors: García-Donato Gonzalo , Cabras Stefano , Castellanos María Eugenia
Published: January 2023

We consider covariate selection and the ensuing model uncertainty aspects in the context of Cox regression. The perspective we take is probabilistic, and we handle it within a Bayesian framework. One of the critical elements in variable/model selection is choosing a suitable prior for model parameters. Here, we derive the so-called conventional prior approach and propose a comprehensive implementation that results in an automatic procedure. Our simulation studies and real applications show improvements over existing literature. For the sake of reproducibility but also for its intrinsic interest for practitioners, a web application requiring minimum statistical knowledge implements the proposed approach.
Instructional clarity and classroom management are linked to attitudes towards mathematics: A combination of student and teacher ratings
Authors: Chen Xin
Published: January 2023

Background

Previous research examined the relationship between teaching characteristics and constructs of attitudes towards mathematics (ATM) from the student perspective in isolation.

Aims

This study aims to survey the relationship between instructional clarity and classroom management and ATM constructs (i.e., mathematics self‐concept, mathematics value, enjoyment and boredom) from the student and teacher perspectives.

Samples

The data was gathered from 8698 eighth graders (49.9% girls) and 536 math instructors (70% female) who participated in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2019 survey in the United States. Students were nested within 537 classrooms in 273 schools.

Methods

The multilevel modelling was used to explore the link between instructional clarity and classroom management and ATM constructs.

Results

Instructional clarity and classroom management represented different constructs at the student and class level when combining student and teacher perspectives. Students' reports of the two teaching characteristics revealed significant connections with ATM constructs, particularly with regard to instructional clarity. Whereas, teachers' reports of instructional clarity had no relationships with aspects of ATM. Furthermore, compared with students' ratings, classroom management rated by teachers showed a greater relation with ATM constructs except for boredom.

Conclusions

Combining multilevel analyses with student and teacher evaluations of classroom teaching is a promising endeavour. Students' perceptions of instructional clarity play an influential role in ATM outcomes, while teacher‐rated classroom management is of great relevance to ATM constructs (except boredom) than students' reports.
Sickle red blood cell‐derived extracellular vesicles activate endothelial cells and enhance sickle red cell adhesion mediated by von Willebrand factor
Authors: An Ran , Man Yuncheng , Cheng Kevin , Zhang Tianyi , Chen Chunsheng , Wang Fang , Abdulla Fuad , Kucukal Erdem , Wulftange William J. , Goreke Utku , Bode Allison , Nayak Lalitha V. , Vercellotti Gregory M. , Belcher John D. , Little Jane A. , Gurkan Umut A.
Published: January 2023

Endothelial activation and sickle red blood cell (RBC) adhesion are central to the pathogenesis of sickle cell disease (SCD). Quantitatively, RBC‐derived extracellular vesicles (REVs) are more abundant from SS RBCs compared with healthy RBCs (AA RBCs). Sickle RBC‐derived REVs (SS REVs) are known to promote endothelial cell (EC) activation through cell signalling and transcriptional regulation at longer terms. However, the SS REV‐mediated short‐term non‐transcriptional response of EC is unclear. Here, we examined the impact of SS REVs on acute microvascular EC activation and RBC adhesion at 2 h. Compared with AA REVs, SS REVs promoted human pulmonary microvascular ECs (HPMEC) activation indicated by increased von Willebrand factor (VWF) expression. Under microfluidic conditions, we found abnormal SS RBC adhesion to HPMECs exposed to SS REVs. This enhanced SS RBC adhesion was reduced by haeme binding protein haemopexin or VWF cleaving protease ADAMTS13 to a level similar to HPMECs treated with AA REVs. Consistent with these observations, haemin‐ or SS REV‐induced microvascular stasis in SS mice with implanted dorsal skin‐fold chambers that was inhibited by ADAMTS13. The adhesion induced by SS REVs was variable and was higher with SS RBCs from patients with increased markers of haemolysis (lactate dehydrogenase and reticulocyte count) or a concomitant clinical diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis. Our results emphasise the critical contribution made by REVs to the pathophysiology of SCD by triggering acute microvascular EC activation and abnormal RBC adhesion. These findings may help to better understand acute pathophysiological mechanism of SCD and thereby the development of new treatment strategies using VWF as a potential target.
The role of mantle upwelling on the thermal history of theTertiary‐PiedmontBasin at theAlps‐Apenninestectonic boundary
Authors: Amadori Chiara , Maino Matteo , Marini Mattia , Casini Leonardo , Carrapa Barbara , Jepson Gilby , Hayes Robert George , Nicola Chiara , Reguzzi Simone , Di Giulio Andrea
Published: January 2023

The Tertiary‐Piedmont Basin (NW Italy) is an episutural basin that developed from the late Eocene on the Alps–Apennines tectonic junction. Several coeval geodynamic processes, including the loading and exhumation of the Western Alps, the outward migration of the Apennine accretionary wedge and the opening of the Liguro‐Provençal rift basin, controlled the basin evolution. We integrate fluid‐inclusion microthermometry, low‐temperature thermochronology and burial history with numerical modelling to constrain the palaeo‐geothermal gradients required and evaluate the mechanisms that governed the basin thermal history. Apatite fission‐track and (U‐Th‐Sm)/He analyses of the basal late Eocene turbidites show reset ages of ca. 25 and 20 Ma, respectively, which require temperatures to be >120°C. Homogenization temperatures up to ca. 130°C from fluid inclusion analyses from authigenic minerals confirm the thermochronometric data, supporting a significant post‐depositional heating in the lower sequence of the basin. Stratigraphic reconstructions and decompaction of the basin fill indicate that the maximum burial experienced by the basal strata at 25 Ma is 2.3 ± 0.1 km, which is not sufficient to reset the AFT thermochronometric system when applying a typical geothermal gradient (ca. 20–30°C/km). An elevated geothermal gradient of 45 ± 5°C/km is thus necessary to explain the thermochronometric dates and the elevated thermal signature at shallow depths. 2D numerical simulations indicate that such an elevated palaeo‐geothermal gradient can be best explained by mantle upwelling, consistent with crustal thinning caused by the inception of the Liguro‐Provençal rift basin and related outward migration of the Alpine and Apennine fronts during the Oligocene.
Implicit Association Test (IAT) Studies Investigating Pitch‐Shape Audiovisual Cross‐modal Associations Across Language Groups
Authors: Shang Nan , Styles Suzy J
Published: January 2023

Previous studies have shown that Chinese speakers and non‐Chinese speakers exhibit different patterns of cross‐modal congruence for the lexical tones of Mandarin Chinese, depending on which features of the pitch they attend to. But is this pattern of language‐specific listening a conscious cultural strategy or an automatic processing effect? If automatic, does it also apply when the same pitch contours no longer sound like speech? Implicit Association Tests (IATs) provide an indirect measure of cross‐modal association. In a series of IAT studies, conducted with participants with three kinds of language backgrounds (Chinese‐dominant bilinguals, Chinese balanced bilinguals, and English speakers with no Chinese experience) we find language‐specific congruence effects for Mandarin lexical tones but not for matched sine‐wave stimuli. That is, for linguistic stimuli, non‐Chinese speakers show advantages for pitch‐height congruence (high‐pointy, low‐curvy); no congruence effects were found for Chinese speakers. For non‐linguistic stimuli, all participant groups showed advantages for pitch‐height congruence. The present findings suggest that non‐lexical tone congruence (high‐pointy, low‐curvy) is a basic congruence pattern, and the acquisition of a language with lexical tone can alter this perception.