bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El impacto de las TIC en la transformación de la enseñanza universitaria: repensar los modelos de enseñanza y aprendizaje
Authors: Rodríguez Izquierdo Rosa María
Published: July 2021

En los últimos años el debate sobre el uso de las TIC en las universidades se ha convertido en un tema estrella. En la educación superior las TIC, a menudo, se perciben como un catalizador para el cambio, en el estilo de enseñanza, en los métodos de aprendizaje y en el acceso a la información. Existen expectativas de que su utilización beneficie el ambiente de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.

Con este artículo intentaremos dar a conocer, y conscientes de nuestra gran osadía, algunos debates y planteamientos que surgen de la investigación en relación a las TIC y la educación superior. Acepto de antemano las críticas a mi atrevida pretensión. No pretendemos ser originales y admitimos que tenemos más preguntas que respuestas al examinar que está pasando realmente con el uso de las TIC en la educación universitaria.

El artículo sugiere que no se trata de las tecnologías sino de los propósitos educativos y de la pedagogía que deben proporcionar el liderazgo en la comprensión no sólo de cómo trabajar con las TIC sino del por qué es beneficioso hacerlo.
El valor añadido de las buenas prácticas con TIC en los centros educativos
Authors: González Ramírez Teresa , Rodríguez López Manuel
Published: July 2021

Este artículo aporta un marco teórico-metodológico en el que situar el impacto o valor añadido de las Buenas Prácticas con TIC en los centros educativos. Para ello, parte de una descripción de las políticas de integración de las Tecnologías de la Comunicación y la Información (TIC) en nuestro país y más específicamente en la comunidad autónoma andaluza. Con posterioridad se presentan los principales enfoques metodológicos que orientan actualmente la evaluación de políticas educativas y por extensión las políticas de integración TIC. El análisis de las políticas se concreta en el concepto de Buenas Prácticas como una manera de evaluar las políticas de integración de las TIC en los centros enmarcado en el enfoque de efectividad de las escuelas y más específicamente dentro de los modelos de valor añadido en educación. Finalmente señalamos la orientación metodológica que adquiere en nuestro trabajo el concepto de valor añadido, aportando una relación de indicadores que pueden servir para la evaluación de las políticas TIC asentada en la evaluación de centros y en el desarrollo de prácticas docentes.
Experiencias construccionistas con robótica educativa en el Centro Internacional de Tecnologías Avanzadas
Authors: Pittí Kathia , Curto Diego Belén , Moreno Rodilla Vidal
Published: July 2021

La tecnología digital en relación a su utilización en el ámbito educativo tienen dos vertientes: la de información y la de construcción. Aunque el énfasis actual, debido a la percepción popular, se inclina a la parte informativa, este trabajo descubre una parte olvidada del potencial que ofrece la tecnología digital como medio de construcción, específicamente la robótica educativa, que por su carácter polivalente y multidisciplinario se sitúa como una herramienta de apoyo al aprendizaje novedosa y necesaria de conocer por las nuevas generaciones.En este sentido, como ejemplo de buenas prácticas presentamos los talleres NXT de robótica del Centro Internacional de Tecnologías Avanzadas, un escenario construccionista de aprendizaje activo y lúdico, que les permite a los participantes mejorar su comprensión de la tecnología, potenciar habilidades y desarrollar la creatividad.
Nuevos avances en los sistemas de visualización y presentación de contenidos docentes
Authors: Gómez Borrallo Juan José , Sobreviela Viana Eva , Olivilla Muñoz Fernando , Juanes Méndez Juan Antonio
Published: July 2021

Se presenta una visión general de los sistemas actuales de visualización y presentación de contenidos biomédicos, haciendo una reflexión sobre las nuevas tendencias tecnológicas a través de la imagen tridimensional. Se hace una valoración de las posibilidades didácticas que tienen estos recursos tecnológicos, en el proceso de formación en el campo de las ciencias de la salud. Se describen en este artículo diferentes procedimientos como la holografía, la visualización estereoscópica, las técnicas de realidad virtual y aumentada para simulaciones de abordajes quirúrgicos.Se describen las últimas tendencias en la visualización y estructuración del conocimiento a través de la generación de los denominados mapas conceptuales, los cuales permiten visualizar los contenidos docentes y sus relaciones jerárquicas.Finalmente, se analiza el papel que juegan algunos dispositivos, como las pizarras digitales, en los sistemas formativos de enseñanza, para la visualización interactiva de los contenidos docentes en el área de las ciencias biomédicas.
Cómo mejorar el razonamiento causal y la motivación científica en la educación intelectual de los estudiantes de medicina. Utilización de nuevas tecnologías en la metodología docente
Authors: Mezquita Mas Belén , Mezquita Pla Jovita , Mezquita Pla Cristóbal
Published: July 2021

La utilización de nuevas tecnologías en metodología docente no constituye una finalidad en sí misma sino un instrumento al servicio de un objetivo educativo.  Partiendo de las ideas formuladas por Abraham Flexner hace 100 años, nuestro objetivo educativo consiste en mejorar el razonamiento científico de los estudiantes de Medicina. Para conseguirlo,  reducimos la cantidad de información suministrada a los estudiantes y ponemos el énfasis en las relaciones causales entre las variables responsables de las principales funciones fisiológicas. Por otra parte, tratamos de transmitir a los estudiantes la emoción de los descubrimientos científicos y les damos la oportunidad de trabajar durante un tiempo en la poyata de un laboratorio. La utilización de las nuevas tecnologías de la comunicación permite tutelar, de manera individualizada, la formación intelectual de nuestros estudiantes, haciendo accesible a un gran número de ellos lo que en otro tiempo fue el privilegio de un número reducido de discípulos.
Creación de objetos de enseñanza y aprendizaje mediante el uso didáctico de la pizarra digital interactiva (PDI)
Authors: Dorado Perea Carles
Published: July 2021

El Laboratorio virtual de Tecnología Educativa es un proyecto de innovación e investigación enmarcado en el plan de ayudas 2009 de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, que tiene por finalidad mejorar las competencias digitales del profesorado y alumnado, en el uso de herramientas tecnológicas, como ahora la PDI, con el fin de optimizar los procesos de transmisión de información y comunicación en el aula, y en definitiva repercutir en mejores logros en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje.

Este artículo incursiona en la experiencia llevada a cabo desde el grupo de investigación de Metodologías en Educación y Multimedia (MEM), por diversos profesores y alumnos de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la UAB, seleccionando, diseñando y creando contenidos y dinámicas educativas transmisivas, interactivas y colaborativas, a través de Internet.

La incorporación de esta sencilla y asequible tecnología, en sus diversas modalidades, así como la facilidad de su uso, permite a los agentes participantes la doble perspectiva de la acción y la reflexión, tanto del análisis y evaluación del proceso de generación, como de los resultados obtenidos, favoreciendo así las dinámicas colaborativas, metacognitivas y de generación del conocimiento.
El docente ante las licencias creative commons: implicaciones educativas en la escuela 2.0.
Authors: Leiva Olivenza Juan José
Published: July 2021

Actualmente vivimos en una etapa de cambios constantes en el mundo de la cultura y la educación. En las últimas décadas estamos presenciando una evolución hacia una sociedad del conocimiento donde es clave la expansión y uso crítico de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) a todos los ámbitos de la vida. El paradigma tecnológico actual produce un cambio sustancial en el perfil profesional docente, y son fundamentales las habilidades y conocimientos que los profesores necesitan para contribuir en la escuela a construir en sus alumnos una competencia digital capaz de afrontar el reto de una sociedad en red y en permanente cambio social y tecnológico. En este contexto, los docentes deben conocer las implicaciones tecnológicas y educativas de las licencias Creative Commons, como una oportunidad para promover la competencia digital en la escuela 2.0.
El proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje universitario: reflexiones a través de la teoría de agencia
Authors: Jacques Parraguez Víctor , Saona Hoffmann Paolo
Published: July 2021

En este trabajo se analizan algunas razones que pueden explicar el insuficiente nivel académico que se percibe en universidades de países en vías de desarrollo. El elemento de discusión es la relación profesor-alumno que es estudiada bajo el prisma de la teoría de agencia. Se concluye que en ausencia de eficientes mecanismos de control de la conducta tanto del profesor como del estudiante pueden proliferar vicios de responsabilidad que atentan contra la calidad del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) in Higher Education (HE) Practice. RRI as a Tool for Research, Reflection, and Curricula Innovation
Authors: Matolay Réka , Toarniczky Andrea , Gáspár Judit
Published: July 2021

Our special issue provides insights into how the principles of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) can fertilise our educational practices in business and management higher education. The articles in the issue analyse teaching practices from various fields of business and management through the lenses of RRI and take us to Bachelor’s, Master’s and MBA levels of HE. As an introduction to this set of conceptual and research articles, we are providing a brief overview of RRI and a conceptual framework of pedagogical approaches as well as a comparative outline of the articles.
Every breath you take. Every freight you make: Environmental pollution index for road transportation
Authors: CEZARINO LUCIANA ORANGES , BAESSE LORENA , FILHO ADHEMAR RONQUIM , FREITAS MARLOS ROCHA
Published: July 2021

Goal: This study analyzes the impacts of the transportation sector on air pollution within the scope of one major Brazilian metropolitan region.

Design/Methodology/Approach: A literature review was conducted on the subject's constructs, with subsequent reasoning grounded on the fleet's characteristics and data obtained from in-depth interviews from a government transportation agency.

Results: The results show Brazil's contextual evidence that risk management for the haulage sector should consider air pollution's negative impacts. With air quality standards as an essential reference, it is possible to observe that the city of Uberlândia does not effectively manage air quality.

Limitations of investigation: One limitation of this research is related to the representativeness of the sample. The research also recommends future studies to use government policies for the improvement of the framework.

Practical implications: The local and contextual addressing of air pollution and transport correlation in one focal point for cargo transportation at a national level pontentially contributes to environmental public policies.

Originality/value: Originality value resides in considering emissions from cargo vehicles as a significant factor in this process of air pollution in a specific context of a metropolitan area of an emerging economy that has its transportation modal grounded on trucking freight.
Homophily Groups, Social Capital and Community Development in Cameroon
Authors: Forje Lema Catherine
Published: July 2021

Social groups have contributed enormously in community development in Cameroon. Such contributions have very often been overlooked by policy makers, as such; is not included in policy formation.  Social capital generated by groups has been discussed at length in the literature, but its effects on the society remain unclear, thus often only associated with poverty. Such association discourages creative endeavours as well as distorts its meaning and functioning. It also misleads future studies and distort their information searching path. This study discusses how homophily groups in Cameroon get funds from members, the diasporas and well wishers and use to provide services  to the community.  Some of the projects provided by these social groups include: school buildings, hospitals, water supply tanks; church buildings and equipments.  They also provide individual security in the form of supporting vigilantic  groups that help maintain law, order and peace in the community at large.  The paper discusses the bases of their group formation which is the core of group sustainability.  Data was collected from two large homophily groups, one ethnicity and one alumnae base with an average of one hundred and twenty five members per group in one region in Cameroon, and twenty five related Cameroonian in the diasporas.  The result shows that the homophily groups are very devoted and committed in carrying out developmental projects in their various communities.  The implication is that this study will encourage policy makers to recognise the activities of such groups which could motivate the emergence of others  to imitate the approach to the overall communities. The recommendation is that they need to invest in money generating activities to enable them achieve their objectives without the strain of constantly dipping into their personal budget and depending on external sources for sustainability. The society needs to be educated to know the contributions of groups in the community.
Lernanlässe und Lerngelegenheiten in informellen Lernkontexten in der Altenpflege
Authors: Rosemann Therese
Published: July 2021

Die Befunde zum informellen Lernen am Arbeitsplatz stützen sich auf wenige Analysen und Studienergebnisse. Bislang ist unklar, welche Lernanlässe den Erwerb zusätzlicher Informationen in informellen Lernkontexten auslösen, welche Lerngelegenheiten durch die Beschäftigten der Altenpflege genutzt werden und wie die Lernaktivitäten zu klassifizieren sind. Der vorliegende Beitrag benennt berufsspezifische Lernanlässe und zeigt auf, welche Lerngelegenheiten für den zusätzlichen Erwerb von Informationen, Kenntnissen und Fähigkeiten durch die Beschäftigten der Altenpflege wahrgenommen werden. Insgesamt verweisen die Befunde der Interviewstudie auf die Relevanz digitaler Medien und es zeigen sich tätigkeitsspezifische Unterschiede in der Nutzung ausgewählter Lerngelegenheiten.
An Investigation Into Career Development Contexts of University Russian Language Teachers in China (1949-2019) From the Perspective of Ecological Theory
Authors: Tao Yuan , Jiang Zhanhao
Published: July 2021

Although much research has been conducted on the interactions between the career development of foreign language teachers and their contexts around the world, a literature review reveals that there exists scanty research on the relationship between university Russian language teachers’ career development and their contexts in China since 1949. Based on relevant studies on the career development of foreign language teachers and the ecological theory, this paper involves research on the impact that different ecological systems (micro-, meso-, macro- and exo-ones) have played in the career development of Russian language teachers in China. Participants are 10 Chinese Russian teachers of different ages from different universities in different parts of China. Via literature review, narration methods and semi-structured (in-depth) interviews with the help of NVivo, this research finds that Russian language teachers ’ career development results from multi-faceted interactions of the following contexts: ideology, Russian language educational policies and personal factors as well as college contexts. This paper concludes with some suggestions for improving Russian language teachers’ career development in China.
How our Bodies Become Us: Embodiment, Semiosis and Intersubjectivity
Authors: Violi Patrizia
Published: July 2021

In recent years, the body and the related notion of embodiment have become pervasive objects of inquiry in numerous disciplines, ranging from cognitive science to philosophy, linguistics, semiotics, cultural anthropology, and so on. This article aims to investigate more closely the characteristics of the notion of ‘body’ presupposed by these different theories, which often naturalize the body by taking it as a non-gendered, pre-discursive phenomenon, and thus hiding the concrete reality of the many different bodies we all as persons possess, with all their specific social, cultural, and discursive determinations. The body is not an isolated entity, but the result of a complex set of interactions with the environment and with others, where intersubjectivity plays a crucial role. Much research over the last few years has focused on the ways in which the body has inscribed in itself a predisposition to intersubjectivity: this article discusses another, complementary, question: the way in which intersubjectivity itself shapes bodies. Here the body is seen as the result of a process that takes place in a sociocultural environment and in intimate interaction with others, rather than the starting point for a process that, beginning from the single organism, expands and opens up towards a wider relational world. In this approach, intersubjectivity becomes a semiotic dimension of the social co-construction and sharing of meaning. All forms of intersubjectivity imply, and at the same time produce, a work of continual interpretation and reinterpretation which lies at the very basis of the peircean concept of semiosis. Finally, to exemplify how intersubjectivity, semiosis, and embodiment intimately intertwine with one another, one particular field of investigation is considered: the very the first stages of human development, where it is shown how the body becomes a semiotic entity: something much more than - and very different from - a purely natural organism.
Constructing an Entrepreneurial Identity: How Enterprise Intentions Among Young People are Motivationally Formed
Authors: Malmström Malin , Öqvist Anna
Published: July 2021

As enterprise education plays a larger role in schools and young individuals increasingly become the target of entrepreneurial and enterprise policy initiatives, there is a growing need to understand how entrepreneurial intentions can be fostered. This study builds on analyses of interviews with young potential entrepreneurs and their young counterparts, delving more deeply into the identity construction that motivates some individuals, but not others, to develop entrepreneurial identities and enterprise intentions. The findings outline two contrasting routes to identity construction, shedding light on how enterprise intentions are motivationally embedded and providing details on the micro-foundations of identity formation that shape these identities and intentions toward enterprise activity.
Antioxidant potential of bulk and nanoparticles of naringenin against cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: Al-Ghamdi Nouf Abdallah Mreat , Virk Promy , Hendi Awatif , Awad Manal , Elobeid Mai
Published: July 2021

The study assessed the attenuating effect of citrus flavonone, naringenin, and its nanoformulation against cadmium (Cd) toxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Nanoparticles of naringenin (NNn) were synthesized; size 165.1 nm (PDI 0.396) in variable shapes; cluster widespread, spherical accumulated, and tubular bacillary. Parallel, mature male Nile tilapia (n = 120 fish) were used for the exposure study. Group I was negative control. The groups II, III, and IV were exposed to 5 ppm of cadmium chloride monohydrate (CdCl2·H2O) for 21 days. Group III was treated with bulk naringenin (BNn) (3 ppm) and group IV was treated with NNn (3 ppm). Group V was exposed only to NNn (3 ppm). Cd-induced oxidative stress was evident from a significant increase in the hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and modulation of antioxidant enzymes in the liver and kidney. A significant increase in the hepatic metallothionein and HSP70 levels in the gills was observed. Treatment with both BNn and NNn significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reversed the Cd-induced alterations. However, the protective effect of nano naringenin was more profound on the bioaccumulation of Cd in liver and levels of HSP70 in the gills. These key findings could add to the commercial exploitation of naringenin and its nanosized form as a dietary therapeutic molecule.
The effect of Madhumeha Kusumakar Rasa – an Ayurved medicine – in insulin resistance
Authors: Kavishwar Samruddhi , Sanaye Mrinal , Nair Monisha , Chawda Mukesh , Kshirsagar Viplav , Kulkarni Yogesh A.
Published: July 2021

Objectives

Madhumeha Kusumakar Rasa (MKR) is an Ayurved formulation having a strong pharmacological base for diabetes management. This study aimed to validate MKR's efficacy in dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance (IR).

Methods

Albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 served as the normal control, Group 2 received dexamethasone 1.5 mg/kg (i.p.), Group 3 received dexamethasone and metformin 200 mg/kg (p.o.), and Group 4 received dexamethasone and MKR 236 mg/kg (p.o.). Animals were evaluated for serum glucose levels and glucose tolerance, serum insulin, Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), Homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS), fasting glucose to insulin ratio (FGIR), and lipid parameters. Pancreas, liver, and kidneys were evaluated for reduced Glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. These tissues were also evaluated for histopathological changes.

Results

MKR showed significant improvement in serum glucose and glucose tolerance, serum insulin and HOMA-IR, HOMA-IS, and FGIR. It also showed a significant improvement in lipid parameters as compared to the dexamethasone-treated group. It prevented depletion of GSH levels and elevation in MDA levels. These effects were supported by histopathological analysis.

Conclusions

MKR treatment significantly attenuated dexamethasone-induced IR. This study validates the mechanism of the anti-diabetic potential of MKR.
Dexmedetomidine may decrease the bupivacaine toxicity to heart
Authors: Jin Zhousheng , Xia Fangfang , Lin Tingting , Cai Yaoyao , Chen Hongfei , Wang Yuelan
Published: July 2021

Objective

The purpose of our study was to explore the effect of dexmedetomidine on cardiac tolerance to bupivacaine.

Method

Human coronary endothelial cells were used to establish in vitro model. They were randomly divided into control (Con) group, dexmedetomidine (Dex) group, bupivacaine (Bupi) group, dexmedetomidine + bupivacaine group (DB group), and dexmedetomidine + bupivacaine + PI3K inhibitor (DB-inhibitor) group. Cell activity was measured by Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). Transwell was used to detect cell permeability. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of related factors.

Results

There were no notable differences in cell activity among the five groups (P > 0.05). Dexmedetomidine significantly reduced the permeability of endothelial cells to bupivacaine and increased the protein expression of Zonulaoeeludens-1 (ZO-1) (P < 0.01). However, the aforementioned effects of dexmedetomidine were disappeared after the addition of PI3K inhibitors. Furthermore, Dex and DB markedly increased the protein expression of PI3K, p-Akt, and p-PTEN in comparison with Con group (P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in p-PTEN among DB-inhibitor, Con, and Bupi groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Dex reduced Bupi-induced vasopermeability through protein expression of ZO-1 and PI3K/Akt pathway, which may lead to the decrease of Bupi-induced cardiotoxicity.
Glyphosate effects on the female reproductive systems: a systematic review
Authors: Kaboli Kafshgiri Sakineh , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Miri-Moghaddam Ebrahim
Published: July 2021

Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are organophosphate pesticides, which interrupt the chemicals involved in the endocrine system and cause lifelong disorders in women's reproductive system. The current study was designed to systematically evaluate the association between GBH exposure and the female reproductive tract. According to PRISMA Guidelines, the systematic review was performed, searching online databases, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, throughout April 2020. Studies with Rodent, lamb, and fish or exposed to GBH to affect the female reproductive system were selected. All studies were in the English language. Two investigators independently assessed the articles. The first author's name, publication date, animal model, age, sample size, gender, dose, duration, and route of exposure and outcomes were extracted from each publication. The present review summarizes 14 publications on uterus alterations and oocytes, histological changes ovary, and assessed mRNA expression, protein expression, serum levels progesterone, and estrogen and intracellular Reaction Oxygen Species (ROS) in rodents, fish, and lamb exposed to GHB exposure. Most of the studies reported histological changes in ovarian and uterus tissue, alterations in serum levels, and increased oxidative stress level following exposure to GBH. Additionally, due to alterations in the reproductive systems (e.g., histomorphological changes, reduction of the mature follicles, higher atretic follicles, and interstitial fibrosis), it seems the GBH-induced female these alterations are both dose- and time-dependent. The present findings support an association between GBH exposure and female reproductive system diseases. However, more studies are needed to identify the mechanisms disrupting the effects of GBH and their underlying mechanisms. Considering the current literature, it is recommended that further investigations be focused on the possible effects of various pesticides on the human reproductive system.
A mixture autoregressive model based on Gaussian and Student’s t-distributions
Authors: Virolainen Savi
Published: July 2021

We introduce a new mixture autoregressive model which combines Gaussian and Student’s t mixture components. The model has very attractive properties analogous to the Gaussian and Student’s t mixture autoregressive models, but it is more flexible as it enables to model series which consist of both conditionally homoscedastic Gaussian regimes and conditionally heteroscedastic Student’s t regimes. The usefulness of our model is demonstrated in an empirical application to the monthly U.S. interest rate spread between the 3-month Treasury bill rate and the effective federal funds rate.
Male-Female Differences in Push-up Test Performance at Various Cadences
Authors: Rozenek Ralph , Byrne Juliana Jason , Crussemeyer Jill , Garhammer John
Published: July 2021

Rozenek, R, Byrne, JJ, Crussemeyer, J, and Garhammer, J. Male-Female Differences in Push-up Test Performance at Various Cadences. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3324–3329, 2022—Push-up (PU) testing is widely used to assess upper-extremity muscular endurance. However, little information exists regarding the influence of cadence on PU performance. Forty-four healthy men and women (age range = 21–36 years) completed 4 PU test sessions on separate days in a randomized order using standard PUs. Cadences of 30, 45, and 60 PU·min−1 were used for 3 tests, whereas a fourth test was performed at a self-selected (SS) cadence. The total number of PUs completed, vertical ground reaction forces (vGRFs) acting on each hand and the feet, and the sum of the vGRFs were determined for each test. Results showed men performed more PU than women at any cadence (p ≤ 0.05) and had a faster mean SS cadence (49.9 ± 11.4 PU·min−1 vs 42.8 ± 8.4 PU·min−1) (p ≤ 0.05). The maximum number of PU were performed when using either the SS cadence or 60 PU·min−1, with little difference observed between them (p ≤ 0.05). The sum of vGRFs was greatest at 60 PU·min−1 and when scaled to body mass (BM) represented 1.58 ± 0.14x and 1.33 ± 0.08x BM for men and women, respectively. As cadence increased, men shifted more weight to the hand contact points compared with women (p ≤ 0.05). Distinct differences in SS cadence and distribution of forces were observed between the sexes suggesting different strategies while performing the PU test. These differences should be considered when selecting a protocol for PU testing.
Necrostatin-1 reduces cardiac and mitochondrial dysfunction in prediabetic rats
Authors: Apaijai Nattayaporn , Jinawong Kewarin , Singhanat Kodchanan , Jaiwongkam Thidarat , Kerdphoo Sasiwan , Chattipakorn Siriporn C , Chattipakorn Nipon
Published: July 2021

High-fat diet (HFD) consumption induces prediabetes and left ventricular dysfunction through many pathways including cell death pathway like necroptosis. Although the benefit of necroptosis inhibitor (necrostatin-1 or Nec-1) in the brain of prediabetic rats was shown, the effects of Nec-1 on cardiac autonomic function, blood pressure, cardiac function, along with its mechanistic insight have not been investigated. Male Wistar rats were fed with either a normal diet (n = 8) or HFD (n = 24) for 12 weeks to induce prediabetes. Prediabetic rats were randomly assigned into three interventional groups (n = 8/group): (1) vehicle, (2) Nec-1 (1.65 mg/kg, sc injection), and (3) metformin (300 mg/kg, oral gavage feeding). Treatments lasted for 8 weeks. Normal saline was given to normal diet-fed rats and vehicle group. Metabolic parameters, cardiac function and biochemical parameters were assessed. Prediabetic rats exhibited peripheral metabolic impairment as indicated by increased body weight, hyperinsulinemia with euglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Prediabetic rats also had cardiac autonomic imbalance, high blood pressure, and cardiac dysfunction, together with cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial dynamic imbalance, and increased necroptosis and apoptosis. Treatment with Nec-1 did not affect peripheral metabolic parameters, however, it effectively reduced cardiac autonomic imbalance, blood pressure, and cardiac dysfunction via reducing cardiac inflammation, necroptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased mitochondrial fusion. Treatment with metformin reduced peripheral metabolic impairment and cardiac dysfunction via decreased cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial dynamic imbalance, and apoptosis. In summary, Nec-1 directly suppressed necroptosis, cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased mitochondrial fusion independent of peripheral metabolic function, leading to an improved cardiac function in prediabetic rats.
Synthesis and study of a novel 9P-type mixed layered tetradymite-like GeBi4Te4 compound in the Ge-Te-Bi system
Authors: Aliyev F.R.
Published: July 2021

Taking as a base structural properties of the tetradymite-like layered chalcogenide compounds, a novel ternary GeBi4Te4 phase was predicted and synthesized. The polycrystal of this compound was synthesized and its single-crystal was grown by the vertical Brigman-Stokbarger method. The phase composition of obtained samples was analyzed by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was determined that the novel phase melts peritectially at 538 °C and has the following lattice parameter values in a hexagonal configuration: a=4,4071(6)Å, c=17,384(2)Å (sp. gr P3m1). This crystal structure is considered a derivative of tetradymite-like layered chalcogenides and consists of alternating Bi bilayers and GeBi2Te4 septuple packets.
Assessment of the physico-mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of rubber wood modified with silica sol in combination with GU/GMU resins
Authors: Ping Lijuan , Chai Yubo , Sun Bailing , Liu Junliang
Published: July 2021

Rubber wood was modified with both a combination of silica sol and glyoxal urea (S-GU), and a combination of silica sol and glyoxal melamine urea (S-GMU). The physico-mechanical properties were measured. Thermal properties, chemical molecular structure, and cellular morphology were analyzed via thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The weight percent gain (WPG) increased as the concentration of the impregnated aqueous solutions increased. The S-GMU treated wood exhibited a greater WPG than the S-GU treated wood at the same concentration. Anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and modulus of rupture (MOR) of treated wood increased as the WPG increased. The highest ASE value was 42.0%, for the S-20%GMU treated wood, which was higher than the S-20%GU treated wood. The MOR of the S-20%GMU treated wood was improved by 25%. Thermal analyses showed the thermostability of S-GMU treated wood increased. FTIR results indicated the presence of C-N and Si-O-Si bonds in the S-GMU treated wood, and the lignin and carbohydrates degraded to a certain extent. SEM imaging showed that the S-GMU was deposited in the cell lumen and cell wall. Therefore, this study produced evidence of an improvement in the physico-mechanical and thermal properties of S-GMU treated wood.
Syntactic structure of absolute construction and the connection between its main components in the Udmurt language
Authors: Timerkhanova Nadezhda N.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. In the Udmurt language, bisubjective sentences with absolute polypredicative constructions are very productive. The main components of such constructions are expressed by the noun in the nominative case and the gerundium adverbial or gerundium noun, which are connected by a specific connection. The purpose of this article is to establish the syntactic features of polypredicative constructions. Research objectives are to describe the syntactic structure of such constructions, to establish the type of syntactic connection between the main components within the absolute constructions and to show its difference from the types of syntactic connection traditionally distinguished in the sentence.
Materials and Methods. The main source of the research was the materials from the Udmurt literature and colloquial speech. The author used a set of such research methods as: descriptive method, continuous sampling, contextual analysis, linguistic modeling and transformation. The use of these methods allowed considering the specifics of the units under consideration on a specific language material.
Results and Discussion. In the system of the Udmurt language, absolute polypredicative constructions are widely represented. Namely, gerundium adverbial constructions and gerundium noun constructions that have their own subject of action, which are different from the subject of action of the main part of the sentence – the subject, which is associated with the predicate. The syntactic connection between the subject and the gerundium adverbial part (gerundium noun) is specific, not predicative and not subordinate; it has not yet been designated with the help of a linguistic term in Udmurt linguistics. Such constructions have a fixed word order. In verbs with the gerundium adverbial part on the suffix -sa, there can be no autonomous subject of action, the subject is always the same for the verb-predicate and the gerundium adverbial part.
Conclusion. In the Udmurt language, there are bisubjective constructions with the second subject of action in the nominative case, which claims to be the subject in a polypredicative construction with the main word being a gerundium adverbial or gerundium noun. The syntactic connection between the main components within an absolute constructions differs from the types of syntactic relationship traditionally distinguished in a sentence. This connection can be described as “semi-predictive coordination” or “subpredicative coordination”.
Mechanisms of support for single-parent families in the sociocultural conditions in cities and villages in Mordovia
Authors: Antipova Alyona A. , Kasarkina Elena N.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The article presents an empirical study on the actual problem of supporting single-parent families in modern sociocultural conditions. The purpose of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of the features of everyday life, current problems and mechanisms of support for single-parent families in the social and cultural conditions in cities and villages in Mordovia.
Materials and Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the work is presented by a set of concepts and theoretical approaches in accordance with the subject and problem of the study, the methodological tools of family sociology, cultural studies, and psychology. It used the methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, secondary analysis of empirical data, and questionnaire.
Results and Discussion. The authors conducted a questionnaire of parents from single-parent families in Saransk and Bolsheignatovsky district of the Republic of Mordovia. The subject of the study is everyday life, family culture and mechanisms of support for single-parent families in the conditions of urban and rural socio-culture. As a result, the conditions and factors that influence the spread of problems of single-parent families, their everyday features, are empirically revealed in comparison of social and cultural conditions of the city and the village. The article analyzes the support mechanisms that single-parent families can use in the city and in the countryside, taking into account their opinions.
Conclusion. It is empirically proved that the life, family subculture and problems of modern single-parent families are mainly defined by the socio-cultural features of the area of residence. The families are influenced by the location and the infrastructure of the locality, the employment of a single parent, and the forms of interpersonal communication in the socio-cultural conditions of the locality. It was revealed that in Saransk there are state, charitable organizations, where single-parent families can address when having problems. The research novelty of the study is that a comparative analysis of the features of everyday life, current problems and mechanisms of support for single-parent families in the urban and rural social and cultural conditions of modern Mordovia is carried out at the theoretical and empirical levels.
Finno-Ugric peoples of the Republic of Kazakhstan: dynamics of the population, distribution, migration processes
Authors: Ponosov Grigory L. , Dmitriyev Pavel S. , Lyssakova Tatyana N. , Nosonov Arthur M. , Wendt Jan A.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The article attempts to analyze the dynamics of the number and features of the distribution of the Finno-Ugric peoples on the territory of Kazakhstan at the end of XX – beginning of XXI century.
Materials and Methods. The research is based on statistical data from the population censuses of Kazakhstan and the USSR in 1970–2009 and literature on this scientific topic. The study is based on comparative-historical, statistical and systematic approaches, which allowed us to reveal the dynamics of the ethnogeographic development of the Finno-Ugric peoples.
Results and Discussion. Thirteen Finno-Ugric peoples currently live on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Based on the analysis of the data of the last five population censuses, it assumes about the relationship between the number of ethnic groups and the number of peoples similar in language and culture, with the political situation in the country, social and cultural conditions. It considers the topic of settlement of the Finno-Ugric peoples in the regions of Kazakhstan.
Conclusion. The Finno-Ugric peoples living on the territory of Kazakhstan since the end of the XIX century, retain their connection with their historical homeland, cultural and ethnic identity. After the collapse of the of the Soviet Union, the majority of the Finno-Ugric peoples began to decline rapidly, due to the active outflow of the population to their ethnic homeland and to other CIS countries.
Percepciones sobre el lesbianismo en el periódico La República entre 1965 y 1985.
Authors: Sequeira Rovira Paula
Published: July 2021

El presente documento intentará centrarse en el análisis de algunos reportajes escritos en el periódico La República entre 1965 y 1985. Lo anterior se hará con el fin de problematizar la visión que existía sobre las lesbianas o sobre las mujeres que tenían encuentros íntimos o amorosos con otras mujeres. Se demostrará cómo estas informaciones fueron cualitativa y cuantitativamente diferentes a las que se realizaron sobre los hombres gais. En el caso de ellas, la cantidad de noticias donde se trató exclusivamente el tema del lesbianismo fue mucho menor, y hubo una mayor concentración en describir aspectos sobre sus relaciones amorosas y al mundo del espectáculo o proyección de películas donde aparecían escenas lésbicas.
Un Gamero apasionado. O de redes filiales, políticas y sociales entre Costa Rica, Nicoya, Nicaragua, Panamá y Honduras en el siglo XVIII
Authors: Rivera Hernández Gina Nazareth
Published: July 2021

El encuentro de tres cartas de desamor en el Archivo Nacional de Costa Rica ha generado el contenido de este artículo. José Tomás Adalid Gamero y Muñoz, nace en Rivas, Nicaragua en 1771, y pasa parte de su vida entre Honduras y Nicoya, específicamente en la villa de Guanacaste. Sus diversos trabajos, capitán de barco, hacendado, militar y comerciante hace que genere contactos en Panamá, Costa Rica y Honduras; es en esta última provincia colonial, en donde se casa y pierde la vida de manera trágica.  Las cartas relatan pormenores de las redes de amistad, filiación, políticas y económicas que llevan a dibujar nuevas facetas de la masculinidad de la colonia, así mismo a conocer de una manera más íntima la vida de las personas mencionadas en los documentos.  Gamero apasionado, relata las penas de la pérdida de un amor en la colonia, pero también introduce el tema de las redes socioafectivas coloniales.
Análisis del modelo de gestión escolar en instituciones educativas públicas multigrado de San Ignacio, Perú
Authors: Garcia Caucha Humberto
Published: July 2021

El presente estudio denominado, “Análisis del modelo de gestión escolar en instituciones educativas públicas multigrado de San Ignacio”, cuyo objetivo es analizar el modelo de gestión escolar actual de las escuelas públicas multigrado de la provincia de San Ignacio, región Cajamarca, Perú, se enmarca dentro del paradigma de la Nueva Gestión Pública y el enfoque por procesos. El tipo de investigación es no experimental, diseño descriptivo-propositivo, desarrollado sobre una población de 298 personas directoras de escuela pública multigrado, entre ellos y ellas se escogió una muestra de 58, quienes colaboraron en el desarrollo de los instrumentos de acopio de información. Se consideró la gestión escolar como exclusiva variable de estudio, con cuatro dimensiones: administrativa, pedagógica, institucional y comunitaria. Para identificar el nivel de calidad de la gestión escolar, la información requerida se consiguió mediante la técnica de la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario, esta información se analizó a través del software estadístico SPSS, interpretados en figuras y tablas. Los resultados conseguidos establecieron que la dimensión de gestión administrativa alcanzó 31% para el nivel regular y 69% para el nivel bueno; mientras que la dimensión de gestión pedagógica alcanzó 58.6% para el nivel deficiente, y 41.4% para el regular. La dimensión de gestión institucional, por su parte, alcanzó el 100% para el nivel regular; asimismo la dimensión de gestión comunitaria, un 75.9% para el nivel regular; y un 24.1%, para el nivel bueno. A manera de conclusión, la dimensión más tratada es la gestión administrativa con 69% en el nivel bueno; y la que requiere mayor trabajo es la dimensión gestión pedagógica, al reportar un 58.6% en nivel deficiente. En el marco de los resultados de este estudio, las autoridades del Ministerio de Educación deben promover políticas educativas que ayuden a mejorar la calidad de la educación en el área rural, centradas al cierre de brechas en cuanto a la gestión escolar de las instituciones públicas multigrado.
Capacidad aeróbica y coordinación motriz en escolares de primaria
Authors: Rosa Guillamón Andrés , Carrillo López Pedro José , García Cantó Eliseo
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: el objetivo fue analizar la relación entre la capacidad aeróbica y la coordinación motriz. Método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal realizado con 163 escolares de España entre los 6 y 9 años. Para medir la capacidad aeróbica se empleó el test de Course-Navette y para medir la coordinación motriz se utilizó el Test Motor GRAMI-2. Resultados: La correlación de Pearson y la prueba MANOVA mostraron que valores más elevados en el test de Course-Navette se correlacionaron con rendimientos superiores en los test de carrera de 30 m, carrera 4 x 9 m, 7 m a la pata coja, desplazamiento sobre soportes y saltos laterales (p < 0.005, para todas). No se observaron diferencias en lanzamiento de peso (p > .05). Asimismo, la prueba de regresión lineal mostró una relación significativa de la capacidad aeróbica con la coordinación motriz (r = .344; p < 0.001), tras ajustar por sexo y edad. Se observó también que la edad se asociaba con la coordinación motriz (r = .674; p < .001). Conclusión: la capacidad aeróbica puede estar relacionada con el nivel de coordinación motriz a excepción del lanzamiento de peso en escolares de 6 a 9 años. Un planteamiento equilibrado que incluya el desarrollo de ambos constructos desde el área de Educación Física puede ser beneficioso para generar una adherencia a la práctica de actividad física de escolares.
El discurso docente en clases de lenguaje y matemáticas en un tercero básico chileno: un estudio de caso
Authors: Perez Sobarzo Fernanda , Yancovic-Allen Macarena
Published: July 2021

Conocer las interacciones entre estudiantes y el profesorado es fundamental para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, puesto que la calidad de las interacciones dentro del aula definirá los procesos pedagógicos (Mourshed, Chijioke y Barber, 2012). A través de un estudio de caso único, se indaga de manera profunda en el discurso de una docente de tercero básico en dos unidades didácticas, una de Matemáticas y la otra de Lenguaje. Para esto, se estudia el tiempo e intencionalidad de su discurso y se analiza el tipo de preguntas que realiza, para así identificar las habilidades cognitivas que estas promueven en el alumnado. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de grabaciones de audio, transcritos y posteriormente analizados. Los resultados evidencian que la docente domina la clase tanto en el tiempo discursivo como en el tipo de preguntas que realiza, las que son mayoritariamente cerradas, centradas en el contenido y que promueven habilidades cognitivas de bajo orden. Se concluye que este ámbito debe ser abordado e intencionado por las personas docentes, por lo que se recomienda comprender su importancia y trabajar en diseños de estrategias que promuevan habilidades cognitivas de orden superior en sus aulas y, a la vez, que esta temática sea abordada en los programas de formación inicial docente.
Metodologías activas a través del juego y el interés de los niños y niñas de 5 a 6 años en Preescolar
Authors: Villamizar Cañas Maria De Los Ángeles
Published: July 2021

Las metodologías activas como estrategia propia de la construcción de aprendizaje, mediante el juego, el interés y la participación activa en el nivel de preescolar dentro de la etapa de la educación inicial; fundamentado desde el aprendizaje significativo, cooperativo y participativo por medio de la exploración, el descubrimiento y la diversión, donde los estudiantes son protagonistas y el maestro es facilitador, guía, orientador de los procesos de enseñanza –aprendizaje. Una de las prioridades ha sido incluir algunas de estas metodologías con niños en edad de 5 a 6 años, en grado de escolaridad de transición, grado obligatorio dentro de la educación formal; iniciando con el aprendizaje basado en proyectos donde los niños y niñas son creadores de un producto final, de igual manera apoyado del aprendizaje basado en la resolución de problemas, queriendo crear una conciencia grupal, interactiva y participativa.