bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Μνήμες ‘‘πατρίδων’’ στους Τουρκοκρητικούς του Bodrum (Αλικαρνασσό) της Τουρκίας
Authors: Ψαραδάκη Ελένη
Published: March 2023

Αντικείμενο της διατριβής είναι οι τρόποι αναπαραγωγής μνήμης και ταυτότητας των Μουσουλμάνων κρητικής καταγωγής, οι πρόγονοι των οποίων εγκαταστάθηκαν στο Bodrum, στα πλαίσια της Ανταλλαγής Πληθυσμών του 1923. Ειδικότερα, διερευνώνται όσα προβάλλονται από τα άτομα ως «κρητικά» σε μια δεδομένη χρονική περίοδο και οι μνημονικές κατασκευές που εμφανίζονται ως διαχρονικές, για να εξυπηρετήσουν συγκεκριμένους σκοπούς. Σε συνδυασμό με γραπτές πηγές, η διατριβή μελετά την προφορική ιστορία του Bodrum και το πώς ποικίλα στοιχεία και καθημερινές πρακτικές (φαγητό, γλώσσα, μουσικές παραδόσεις) συνδυάζονται, ώστε να κατασκευάσουν όσα ορίζονται τελικά ως κρητικές συμπεριφορές και συνήθειες.
Thinking process templates for constructing data stories with SCDNEY
Authors: Cao Yue , Tran Andy , Kim Hani , Robertson Nick , Lin Yingxin , Torkel Marni , Yang Pengyi , Patrick Ellis , Ghazanfar Shila , Yang Jean
Published: March 2023

Background: Globally, scientists now have the ability to generate a vast amount of high throughput biomedical data that carry critical information for important clinical and public health applications. This data revolution in biology is now creating a plethora of new single-cell datasets. Concurrently, there have been significant methodological advances in single-cell research. Integrating these two resources, creating tailor-made, efficient, and purpose-specific data analysis approaches can assist in accelerating scientific discovery.

Methods: We developed a series of living workshops for building data stories, using Single-cell data integrative analysis (scdney). scdney is a wrapper package with a collection of single-cell analysis R packages incorporating data integration, cell type annotation, higher order testing and more.

Results: Here, we illustrate two specific workshops. The first workshop examines how to characterise the identity and/or state of cells and the relationship between them, known as phenotyping. The second workshop focuses on extracting higher-order features from cells to predict disease progression.

Conclusions: Through these workshops, we not only showcase current solutions, but also highlight critical thinking points. In particular, we highlight the Thinking Process Template that provides a structured framework for the decision-making process behind such single-cell analyses. Furthermore, our workshop will incorporate dynamic contributions from the community in a collaborative learning approach, thus the term ‘living’.
Does the impact of medical publications vary by disease indication and publication type? An exploration using a novel, value-based, publication metric framework: the EMPIRE Index
Authors: Rees Tomas , Pal Avishek
Published: March 2023

Background: The EMPIRE (EMpirical Publication Impact and Reach Evaluation) Index is a value-based, multi-component metric framework to assess the impact of medical publications in terms of relevance to different stakeholders. It comprises three component scores (social, scholarly and societal impact), each incorporating related altmetrics that indicate a different aspect of engagement with the publication. Here, we present an exploratory investigation of whether publication types or disease indications influence EMPIRE Index scores.

Methods: Article-level metrics were extracted and EMPIRE Index scores were calculated for 5825 journal articles published from 1 May 2017 to 1 May 2018, representing 12 disease indications (chosen to reflect a wide variety of common and rare diseases with a variety of aetiologies) and five publication types.

Results: There were significant differences in scores between article types and disease indications. Median (95% CI) social and scholarly impact scores ranged from 1.2 (0.3–1.6) to 4.8 (3.1–6.6), respectively, for phase 3 clinical trials, and from 0.3 (0.3–0.4) to 2.3 (1.9–2.6), respectively, for observational studies. Social and scholarly impact scores were highest for multiple sclerosis publications and lowest for non-small cell lung cancer publications. Systematic reviews achieved greater impact than regular reviews. Median trends in the social impact of different disease areas matched the level of public interest as assessed through Google search interest. Although most articles did not register societal impact, mean societal impact scores were highest for migraine publications.

Conclusions: The EMPIRE Index successfully identified differences in impact by disease area and publication type, which supports the notion that the impact of each publication needs to be evaluated in the context of these factors, and potentially others. These findings should be considered when using the EMPIRE Index to assess publication impact.
The effects of educational intervention on perceived barriers toward medical student research involvement: A pilot study
Authors: Eichman Elizabeth , Sellers Jake , Cobbs Lauren
Published: March 2023

Background: Competency in research as a medical student is a core skill set in training to be a physician and also supports effective continuing education as a physician. Although it is highlighted as an expected competency for educating medical students, there are no specific requirements on the type or depth of educational content that should be offered in the area of research skills for medical students. This observation led us to explore the potential benefits of informative lectures on research fundamentals and their impact on medical students’ perceptions on conducting research in school.

Methods: In this study, students were surveyed before (n=71) and after (n=33) formal lectures on research principles to exam changes in perceived barriers to participating in research related activities. Barriers were categorized into three categories: Personal; Competency; and Value.

Results: The results of this study demonstrated significantly decreased perception of several barriers within the personal and competency categories after the lecture series on research principles was completed. Although statistically insignificant, a separate and possibly interesting observation is that respondents appeared to have a decreased interest in research and decreased perception that participating in research would add value to their profile as a residency applicant or impact their care of patients as a future physician.

Conclusions: Our pilot study suggests that offering formal lectures on research principles may lead to decreased perceived barriers of medical students in becoming involved in research related activities during medical school.
Multi-criteria Handoff Decision making Algorithm for Seamless Mobility in Heterogenous Wireless Networks
Authors:   Department of Mechatronics Engineering, College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan, Khan Muhammad Wajid , Khan Umar S. , Saleem Muhammad Mubasher , Rashid Nasir
Published: March 2023

Wireless networks have been through many transformations to provide Quality of Service (QoS) and seamless mobility. Handoff management plays a vital role in maintaining quality of service while roaming. The focus of the paper is to develop a handoff technique for optimized handoff decision making. Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques are utilized for making decision where more than one contradicting parameter are involved. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is used for weight calculation and Fuzzy Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) decides the rank of available networks. The proposed technique utilizes six network parameters i.e., received signal strength, bandwidth, signal to interference & noise ratio, delay, packet loss, and bit error rate for weights calculation under different traffic classes and three decision makers i.e., network, mobile node, and user preference for optimized handoff. The results show that the proposed technique effectively classify the best available network in terms of their rank and reduces the number of unnecessary handoffs.
Non-cooperative Game Leach for Cluster Distribution Routing Method on Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Depok and 16424, Indonesia, Asvial Muhamad , Admaja Awangga Febian Surya , Laagu Muh Asnoer
Published: March 2023

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a group of sensor nodes that take data with specific measurement parameters and then send the data wirelessly to a central node or server for data processing. WSN nodes are designed to be compact; therefore, the energy of sensor nodes usually depends on the integrated battery. The sensor node must work as efficiently as possible so that energy use can be more efficient and WSN life can be prolonged. The longer the lifespan of the WSN, the higher the throughput. One of the many ways to extend the life of the WSN is to use the concept of grouping nodes or the so-called cluster method. This study proposes the The Division Non-Cooperative Game LEACH (DivNCGL) routing method, a modified method based on Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) by distributing cluster heads (CHs). The distribution process is performed by dividing the distribution area of the nodes into subregions. The subregion division process uses the probability value obtained by the non-cooperative game method based on the remaining active nodes, the total remaining energy, and the energy required for transmission. The simulation results, the lifespan of WSN using the DivNCGL method increases up to 30% with stable energy dissipation compared to the LEACH protocol. The increasing lifespan of the WSN also increases the amount of data transmitted, thereby increasing the received throughput. Received data increases up to 70% using the DivNCGL method compared to LEACH.
Nursing and caring problems of a patient with gastric cancer - a case study
Authors: Majchrowicz Bożena
Published: March 2023

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor that originates from the cells of the inner layer of the organ. It is characterized by a long asymptomatic period. The incidence of gastric cancer increases after the age of 50, especially in the male population. The aim of the study was to analyze selected aspects of nursing care provided to a patient after total gastrectomy in the course of gastric cancer. Materials and methods. The study used the case study method and an individual case study of a patient diagnosed with gastric cancer. Results and conclusions. The patient has problems in the biopsychosocial sphere. The role of a nurse in caring for a sick person is comprehensive care, education and preparation for self-care, and above all mental support. Constant monitoring of the patient's health greatly helps to prevent possible complications.
A systematic scoping review of undergraduate nursing hub-and-spoke placement models
Authors: Cleaver Karen , Don Caroline , Chojnacka Irena , Essex Ryan , Weldon Sharon , Markowski Marianne
Published: March 2023

Background:

While nursing education has been forecast to continue to grow, placement capacity is now the key factor precluding growth in supply.

Aims:

To provide a comprehensive understanding of hub-and-spoke placements and their ability to increase placement capacity.

Method:

A systematic scoping review and narrative synthesis were used ( Arksey and O'Malley, 2005 ). PRISMA checklist and ENTREQ reporting guidelines were followed.

Findings:

The search returned 418 results. After a first and second screen 11 papers were included. Results suggest that hub-and-spoke models were generally evaluated favourably by nursing students, with a range of benefits reported. However, many of the studies included in the review were small and of low quality.

Conclusion:

Given the exponential increase in applications to study nursing, hub-and-spoke placements appear to have the potential to better meet these increased demands, while also providing a number of benefits.
Teaching your grandmother (or plus ça change?)
Authors: Halnan Bridget
Published: March 2023

What has changed in a generation in terms of weaning and introducing family foods? Bridget Halnan looks at the advice grandparents are giving and whether or not today's parents have new concerns
RESTARTING ELECTIVE ORTHOPAEDIC SERVICES ACROSS SCOTLAND DURING A YEAR OF COVID-19
Authors: Harding T. , Dunn J. , Haddon A. , Fraser E. , Sinnerton R. , Davies P. , Clift B.
Published: March 2023

COVID 19 led to massive disruption of elective services across Scotland. This study was designed to assess the impact on elective service that the COVID-19 pandemic had, to what extent services have been restarted and the associated risks are in doing so.

This is a retrospective observational study. The primary outcomes are the number of operations completed, 30-day mortality, 30-day complication rates and nosocomial infection with COVID-19 compared to previous years. Data was collected from 4 regions across Scotland from 27th March 2020 - 26th March 2021. This was compared to the same time period the previous year.

3431 elective operations were completed in the year post-pandemic compared with 12255, demonstrating a reduction of 72%. Both groups had comparable demographics. Major joint arthroplasty saw a 72% reduction, with TKR seeing a reduction of 82%. Each of the 4 health boards were affected in a similar fashion. Nosocomial COVID-19 infection was 0.4% in the post covid group. 30 day mortality was the same at 0.1%. Total complications rose from 5.7% to 10.1% post covid.

This study shows that there has been a substantial reduction in elective activity across Scotland that is disproportionate to the level of COVID-19. The risk of developing COVID-19 from elective surgery is low at 0.4%, however all complications saw a significant rise. This is likely multifactorial. This study will inform decision makers in future pandemics, that it is safe to continue elective orthopaedic surgery and of the potential impact of cessation of services.
Pandemic: One Small Step for Oblivion and a Big Leap into Managed Democracy
Authors: Escobar-Vicent Alejandro
Published: March 2023

The pandemic that we are still surviving represents a step forward in the process of the ethical disintegration of the State. It is  a process that has been going on for a long time, but has, over the last few decades, been increasing, to the point of making even more evident that we live under a regime that we call here one of managed democracy. The legal-political decisions taken during this pandemic have catalysed this process. On the part of the frightened and perplexed citizens, the recurrent oblivion acts, throughout history, as a contributory factor in this process of severe democratic involution.
Simultaneous photoplethysmography and blood flow measurements towards the estimation of blood pressure using speckle contrast optical spectroscopy
Authors: Garrett Ariane , Kim Byungchan , Sie Edbert J. , Gurel Nil Z. , Marsili Francesco , Boas David A. , Roblyer Darren
Published: March 2023

Non-invasive continuous blood pressure monitoring remains elusive. There has been extensive research using the photoplethysmographic (PPG) waveform for blood pressure estimation, but improvements in accuracy are still needed before clinical use. Here we explored the use of an emerging technique, speckle contrast optical spectroscopy (SCOS), for blood pressure estimation. SCOS provides measurements of both blood volume changes (PPG) and blood flow index (BFi) changes during the cardiac cycle, and thus provides a richer set of parameters compared to traditional PPG. SCOS measurements were taken on the finger and wrists of 13 subjects. We investigated the correlations between features extracted from both the PPG and BFi waveforms with blood pressure. Features from the BFi waveforms were more significantly correlated with blood pressure than PPG features (R = − 0.55,p = 1.1 × 10−4for the top BFi feature versusR = − 0.53,p = 8.4 × 10−4for the top PPG feature). Importantly, we also found that features combining BFi and PPG data were highly correlated with changes in blood pressure (R = − 0.59,p = 1.7 × 10−4). These results suggest that the incorporation of BFi measurements should be further explored as a means to improve blood pressure estimation using non-invasive optical techniques.
Encrypting orbital angular momentum holography with ghost imaging
Authors: Ma Junyao , Li Zhe , Zhao Shengmei , Wang Le
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we propose a multiple images simultaneous encryption scheme by encrypting the orbital angular momentum (OAM) holography with ghost imaging. By controlling the topological charge of the incident OAM light beam on the OAM-multiplexing hologram, different images can be selectively obtained for ghost imaging (GI). Followed by the random speckles illumination, the bucket detector values in GI are obtained and then considered as the ciphertext transmitted to the receiver. The authorized user can distill the correct relationship between the bucket detections and the illuminating speckle patterns with the key and the additional topological charges, so that each holographic image can be successfully recovered, while the eavesdropper can not obtain any information about the holographic image without the key. The eavesdropper even can not get clear holographic image when all the key is eavesdropped but without topological charges. The experimental results show that the proposed encryption scheme has a higher capacity for multiple images because there is no theoretical topological charge limit for the selectivity of OAM holography, and the results also show that the proposed encryption scheme is more secure and has a stronger robustness. Our method may provide a promising avenue for multi-image encryption and has the potential for more applications.
Prevalence of lung cancer in Colombia and a new diagnostic algorithm using health administrative databases: A real-world evidence study
Authors: Amaya-Nieto Javier , Torres Gabriel , Buitrago Giancarlo
Published: March 2023

Reliable, timely and detailed information on lung cancer prevalence, mortality and costs from middle-income countries is essential to policy design. Thus, we aimed to develop an electronic algorithm to identify lung cancer prevalent patients in Colombia by using administrative claims databases, as well as to estimate prevalence rates by age, sex and geographic region. We performed a cross-sectional study based on national claim databases in Colombia (Base de datos de suficiencia de la Unidad de Pago por CapitaciónandBase de Datos Única de Afiliados) to identify lung cancer prevalent patients in 2017, 2018 and 2019. Several algorithms based on the presence or absence of oncological procedures (chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery) and a minimum number of months that each individual had lung cancer ICD-10 codes were developed. After testing 16 algorithms, those with the closest prevalence rates to those rates reported by aggregated official sources (Global Cancer Observatory andCuenta de Alto Costo) were selected. We estimated prevalence rates by age, sex and geographic region. Two algorithms were selected: i) one algorithm that was defined as the presence of ICD-10 codes for 4 months or more (the sensitive algorithm); and ii) one algorithm that was defined by adding the presence of at least one oncological procedure (the specific algorithm). The estimated prevalence rates per 100,000 inhabitants ranged between 11.14 and 18.05 for both, the contributory and subsidized regimes over years 2017, 2018 and 2019. These rates in the contributory regime were higher in women (15.43, 15.61 and 17.03 per 100,000 for years 2017, 2018 and 2019), over 65-years-old (63.45, 56.92 and 61.79 per 100,000 for years 2017, 2018 and 2019) who lived in Central, Bogota and Pacific regions. Selected algorithms showed similar aggregated prevalence estimations to those rates reported by official sources and allowed us to estimate prevalence rates in specific aging, regional and gender groups for Colombia by using national claims databases. These findings could be useful to identify clinical and economical outcomes related to lung cancer patients by using national individual-level databases.
The spatial and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 from the built environment of COVID-19 patient rooms: A multicentre prospective study
Authors: Fralick Michael , Burella Madison , Hinz Aaron , Mejbel Hebah S. , Guttman David S. , Xing Lydia , Moggridge Jason , Lapp John , Wong Alex , Nott Caroline , Harris-Linton Nicole , Kassen Rees , MacFadden Derek R.
Published: March 2023

Background

SARS-CoV-2 can be detected from the built environment (e.g., floors), but it is unknown how the viral burden surrounding an infected patient changes over space and time. Characterizing these data can help advance our understanding and interpretation of surface swabs from the built environment.

Methods

We conducted a prospective study at two hospitals in Ontario, Canada between January 19, 2022 and February 11, 2022. We performed serial floor sampling for SARS-CoV-2 in rooms of patients newly hospitalized with COVID-19 in the past 48 hours. We sampled the floor twice daily until the occupant moved to another room, was discharged, or 96 hours had elapsed. Floor sampling locations included 1 metre (m) from the hospital bed, 2 m from the hospital bed, and at the room’s threshold to the hallway (typically 3 to 5 m from the hospital bed). The samples were analyzed for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). We calculated the sensitivity of detecting SARS-CoV-2 in a patient with COVID-19, and we evaluated how the percentage of positive swabs and the cycle threshold of the swabs changed over time. We also compared the cycle threshold between the two hospitals.

Results

Over the 6-week study period we collected 164 floor swabs from the rooms of 13 patients. The overall percentage of swabs positive for SARS-CoV-2 was 93% and the median cycle threshold was 33.4 (interquartile range [IQR]: 30.8, 37.2). On day 0 of swabbing the percentage of swabs positive for SARS-CoV-2 was 88% and the median cycle threshold was 33.6 (IQR: 31.8, 38.2) compared to swabs performed on day 2 or later where the percentage of swabs positive for SARS-CoV-2 was 98% and the cycle threshold was 33.2 (IQR: 30.6, 35.6). We found that viral detection did not change with increasing time (since the first sample collection) over the sampling period, Odds Ratio (OR) 1.65 per day (95% CI 0.68, 4.02; p = 0.27). Similarly, viral detection did not change with increasing distance from the patient’s bed (1 m, 2 m, or 3 m), OR 0.85 per metre (95% CI 0.38, 1.88; p = 0.69). The cycle threshold was lower (i.e., more virus) in The Ottawa Hospital (median quantification cycle [Cq] 30.8) where floors were cleaned once daily compared to the Toronto hospital (median Cq 37.2) where floors were cleaned twice daily.

Conclusions

We were able to detect SARS-CoV-2 on the floors in rooms of patients with COVID-19. The viral burden did not vary over time or by distance from the patient’s bed. These results suggest floor swabbing for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a built environment such as a hospital room is both accurate and robust to variation in sampling location and duration of occupancy.
Combined effect of physico-chemical and microbial quality of breeding habitat water on oviposition of malarial vector Anopheles subpictus
Authors: Seal Madhurima , Chatterjee Soumendranath
Published: March 2023

Mosquitoes prefer diverse water bodies for egg laying and larval survival. Present study was performed with an objective to characterize physico-chemical properties and microbial profiling of breeding habitat water bodies ofAnopheles subpictusmosquitoes. A field survey was accomplished to check the presence ofAn.subpictuslarvae to record per dip larval density in various breeding habitats throughout the year. Physico-chemical and bacteriological properties in relation to mosquito oviposition were assessed. Dissolved oxygen content, pH and alkalinity were found to have major impacts and ponderosity on the prevalence ofAn.subpictuslarvae. Larval density showed significant positive correlation with dissolved oxygen content of water and significant negative correlation with pH and alkalinity of habitat water. Comparatively higher population (cfu/mL) ofBacillusspp. competent with starch hydrolyzing and nitrate reducing properties were recorded all the breeding habitat water bodies ofAn.subpictus. Higher amplitude of anopheline larvae was portrayed during monsoon and post-monsoon season in clear water with an inclining trend to high dissolved oxygen content and neutral pH.B.cereus,B.megaterium,B.subtilisandB.tequilensisprevalent in all habitat water bodies were marked as oviposition attractants of gravidAn.subpictusmosquitoes. Microbial population played key roles in the modulation of physico-chemical parameters of habitat water with a view to enhance its acceptability by gravid mosquitoes in relation to their oviposition. Better understanding of the interactions along with the control of oviposition attractant bacterial strains from mosquito breeding habitats might contribute to the vector management programme.
Estudio de las notas del traductor y su recepción en la traducción literaria del japonés al castellano de Takekurabe
Authors: Martínez Sirés Paula
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de este estudio mixto es, por una parte, investigar la tipología de las notas del traductor usadas en las traducciones del japonés al español de Takekurabe, de Higuchi Ichiyō y, en segundo lugar, discernir la idoneidad y aceptabilidad de dichas notas entre el lector meta mediante un análisis cuantitativo en formato de cuestionario a lectores. El análisis muestra que los encuestados tienen un alto grado de aceptabilidad con las notas independientemente de si son lectores frecuentes o poco frecuentes de literatura japonesa, y que las notas consideradas más necesarias son las metalingüísticas y las etnográficas. Así pues, los resultados de este análisis aportan datos objetivos que pueden servir de consulta a editoriales y traductores en activo en cuanto a la adecuación de las notas del traductor en traducciones de literatura japonesa.
DIRECTIONS FOR REDUCING THE ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD FROM GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF TYVA
Authors: Kulikova M.P. , Tas-ool L.H. , Balakina G.F.
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the features of the environmental situation under the influence of the development of the fuel and energy complex to solve energy problems in the context of sustainable development. Based on the application of expert assessment methods, calculation methods for determining the volume of greenhouse gas emissions and pollution from motor vehicles, an assessment of CO2 emissions from anthropogenic sources was carried out and ways to reduce the burden on the environment were determined. Directions for reducing greenhouse gas emissions based on the implementation of a target program consisting of a number of projects are outlined: to increase the area of forests; reduction of emissions from coal generation; cleaning the air basin of cities from automobile emissions by increasing the share of environmentally friendly transport; increasing the use of renewable sources. It was revealed that heat production in Tyva is «carbon-intensive», environmentally friendly energy sources are not used enough with a significant potential for their use. The level of anthropogenic load poses a risk for the sustainable development of the republic, negatively affects the state of health of the population, morbidity and life expectancy of the population. It is advisable to introduce innovative energy-saving technological solutions in the region, to implement a set of measures to reduce anthropogenic emissions by designing new innovative tools for regulating the environmental situation at the regional and federal levels.
PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION OF THE REGION — RESOURCE OF PERSONNEL SUPPORT FOR INDUSTRIAL GROWTH
Authors: Chetverikova N.A.
Published: March 2023

The article contains the results of the analysis of the needs of enterprises of the Republic of Karelia in the training of personnel with different levels of education. The author has compiled a matrix of correspondence between the structure of employers» demand for skilled workers and employees and the supply of professional educational organizations in the region. The article discusses the main regulatory legal acts in the field of development of the education system and youth support in the region, reflecting the most relevant areas of interaction between authorities, business representatives and the educational environment of Karelia on personnel training. The main achievements of the region in the implementation of current regional projects on targeted training programs, the organization of career guidance work with young people, the employment of graduates and the use of modern interactive forms of education are presented. Special attention should be paid here to the introduction of practice-oriented training and passing demonstration exams at the leading industrial enterprises of Karelia, as well as retraining and advanced training of employees of enterprises according to programs that meet Worldskills standards. The author shows the infrastructure of the personnel training system of the republic and substantiates the importance of further development at the regional level of centers of advanced professional training and advanced training of personnel for the industrial sectors of the economy of the region.
Multimodal (Inter)action Analysis for the study of lectures: active and passive uses of metadiscourse
Authors: Bernad-Mechó Edgar
Published: March 2023

This paper offers a Multimodal (Inter)action Analysis study of how metadiscourse is used in university lectures. Metadiscourse is frequently employed in spoken academic discourse to guide the audience through the contents of the speech, thus becoming an essential element to foster comprehension in lectures. Although lectures have been largely researched under a multimodal eye, studies looking at the multimodal nature of metadiscourse are still scarce. In fact, previous multimodal explorations of metadiscourse in lectures point towards discrepancies in the attention given by lecturers to metadiscursive instances. In this study, six face-to-face lectures in fields within Humanities were analyzed to spot all instances of organizational metadiscourse. Next, the fragments containing such metadiscourse were further explored through a Multimodal (Inter)action Analysis to identify the structure of higher-level actions and the ways in which metadiscourse was integrated as part of the modal configurations of the actions. The analysis of higher-level actions using the foreground-background continuum reveals two main roles in the use of metadiscourse: an active one, in which metadiscourse is explicitly used to guide and engage the audience, as expected; and a passive one, in which metadiscourse is rather used as a filler in the background. These results contribute to reflecting on teaching practices and raising awareness on the importance of multimodal literacy for teacher training.
Highly functional nanocellulose-reinforced thermoplastic starch-based nanocomposites
Authors: Nguyen Dang Mao , Buchner Julia , Tran Thien Huu , Hoang DongQuy , Hanh Diep Thi My , Bui Quoc-Bao
Published: March 2023

Starch/nanocellulose nanocomposite is of interest because of its potential applications in the field of biodegradable food packaging and biomedical applications thanks to its safe, biodegradable, fabricated by simple traditional methods, and cheap. The starch reinforced by nanocellulose significantly improved the physicochemical properties, especially the mechanical properties, thermal stability as well as barrier properties, compared to the starch matrix. With outstanding advantages compared to polymer nanocomposites derived from petroleum, the starch/nanocellulose composite is considered a potential agent for biodegradable food packaging and biomedical technology.
The role of 11-oxygenated androgens in prostate cancer
Authors: Snaterse Gido , Hofland Johannes , Lapauw Bruno
Published: March 2023

11-oxygenated androgens are a class of steroids capable of activating the androgen receptor (AR) at physiologically relevant concentrations. In view of the AR as a key driver of prostate cancer (PC), these steroids are potential drivers of disease and progression. The 11-oxygenated androgens are adrenal-derived, and persist after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), the mainstay treatment for advanced PC. Consequently, these steroids are of particular interest in the castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) setting. The principal androgen of the pathway, 11-ketotestosterone (11KT), is a potent AR agonist and the predominant circulating active androgen in CRPC patients. Additionally, several precursor steroids are present in the circulation which can be converted into active androgens by steroidogenic enzymes present in PC cells. In vitro evidence suggests that adaptations frequently observed in CRPC favour the intratumoral accumulation of 11-oxygenated androgens in particular. Still, apparent gaps in our understanding of the physiology and role of the 11-oxygenated androgens remain. In particular, in vivo and clinical evidence supporting these in vitro findings is limited. Despite recent advances, a comprehensive assessment of intratumoral concentrations has not yet been performed. The exact contribution of the 11-oxygenated androgens to CRPC progression therefore remains unclear. This review will focus on the current evidence linking the 11-oxygenated androgens to PC, will highlight current gaps in our knowledge, and will provide insight into the potential clinical importance of the 11-oxygenated androgens in the CRPC setting based on the current evidence.
Towards applications of genome‐scale metabolic model‐based approaches in designing synthetic microbial communities
Authors: Du Huan , Li Meng , Liu Yang
Published: March 2023

Background

Synthetic microbial communities, with different strains brought together by balancing their nutrition and promoting their interactions, demonstrate great advantages for exploring complex performance of communities and for further biotechnology applications. The potential of such microbial communities has not been explored, due to our limited knowledge of the extremely complex microbial interactions that are involved in designing and controlling effective and stable communities.

Results

Genome‐scale metabolic models (GEM) have been demonstrated as an effective tool for predicting and guiding the investigation and design of microbial communities, since they can explicitly and efficiently predict the phenotype of organisms from their genotypic data and can be used to explore the molecular mechanisms of microbe‐habitats and microbe‐microbe interactions. In this work, we reviewed two main categories of GEM‐based approaches and three uses related to design of synthetic microbial communities: predicting multi‐species interactions, exploring environmental impacts on microbial phenotypes, and optimizing community‐level performance.

Conclusions

Although at the infancy stage, GEM‐based approaches exhibit an increasing scope of applications in designing synthetic microbial communities. Compared to other methods, especially the use of laboratory cultures, GEM‐based approaches can greatly decrease the trial‐and‐error cost of various procedures for designing synthetic communities and improving their functionality, such as identifying community members, determining media composition, evaluating microbial interaction potential or selecting the best community configuration. Future efforts should be made to overcome the limitations of the approaches, ranging from quality control of GEM reconstructions to community‐level modeling algorithms, so that more applications of GEMs in studying phenotypes of microbial communities can be expected.
One-vessel synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in concentrated zinc chloride solution from lignocellulosic materials
Authors: Zhang Yan-Ru , Song Yan-Na , Chen Chang-Zhou , Li Ming-Fei , Zhang Zhen-Tao , Fan Yong-Ming
Published: March 2023

The synthesis of bio-based chemicals, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and its derivatives, from cellulosic biomass resources has been attempted for years. However, the harsh reaction condition, toxicity of the catalysts applied, and low efficiency of the conversion process have deterred its industrial implementation. Herein, the authors investigated the degradation and conversion of cellulose into HMF in a concentrated zinc chloride solution. The effects of reaction conditions and co-catalysts on the conversion were evaluated. A 69.5% HMF yield from cellulose was obtained in the condition of 1 h and 150 °C using 0.2 mol·L-1 of HCl without co-catalyst during the conversion. Moreover, the ZnCl2 aqueous solution displayed good reusability. Finally, a simplified kinetic model of the conversion of cellulose to HMF in a concentrated zinc chloride solution was developed, and the reaction kinetics were investigated.
Optimization of dilute acid pretreatment of corn pericarp by response surface methodology
Authors: Granados-Arvizu José Ángel , Amaro-Reyes Aldo , García-Almendárez Blanca Estela , Gracida-Rodríguez Jorge Noel , Regalado Carlos
Published: March 2023

Corn pericarp (CP) is an inexpensive agroindustrial by-product that is available in large quantity in Mexico. This work aimed to optimize the use of a dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment for CP hydrolysis to maximize the reducing sugars yield. A 2-step experimental design was used, first a full factorial followed by a central composite design (CCD). The CCD involved sulfuric acid (1.5% to 5%, v/v), a treatment at 121 ºC (15 min to 40 min), and varying CP content (10% to 20%, w/v). The response variables were the reducing sugars, glucose, and solubilized solids. Maximal responses were achieved at 3.4% (v/v) sulfuric acid, 20% (w/v) CP, and 22.3 min. A significant (R2 = 0.99) second-order model predicted maximal operational conditions that were experimentally validated: 80.1 g/L reducing sugars, 12.8 g/L glucose, and 69.2% solubilization of CP solids. The dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment solubilized all hemicellulose in CP.
La problemática de presumir el daño moral desde el razonamiento probatorio para determinar su compensación
Authors: Tapia Cornejo Bruno Alonso Samuel
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo pretende brindar una solución al problema del daño moral, al presumir el perjuicio que plantea esta categoría, sin la presentación de un peritaje como medio probatorio, específicamente, vía informe psicológico. Para ello, pretendemos analizar y acreditar los perjuicios que acarrea sostener la teoría in re ipsa de este perjuicio no patrimonial. El objetivo de esta investigación es demostrar los perjuicios que acarrea la ausencia de uniformidad en la judicatura nacional respecto al criterio para determinar el monto por daño moral. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo en el que se empleó el método cualitativo. La población está constituida por el análisis de decisiones de la Corte Suprema de la República del Perú, específicamente casaciones de la Corte Suprema.
Optimization of Media Strategy via Marketing Mix Modeling in Retailing
Authors: Fareniuk Yana , Chornous Galyna
Published: March 2023

The paper describes the marketing mix modeling results for companies in nonfood retailing. The main objectives of the research are to demonstrate the viable way of making effective recommendations for optimizing the media strategy by modeling offline and online traffic to the stores based on econometric modeling and to develop a decision support system, which enhance the effective growth of business KPIs and an effective decision-making process. Econometric modeling, deeper data analysis, decision support were implemented on the data of one of the main retailers in Ukraine in a period before the full-scale Russian invasion. Estimating the impact of different communication channels on business results made basis for ROI calculations and optimization of media investments allocation among media channels by periods, video durations, type of advertising and with optimal weekly media pressure. ROMI calculation was based on the results of regression modeling, which estimate the level of traffic and sales generated by each media channel. The information-analytical decision support system based on an interactive dashboard has been developed for improvement of day-by-day business planning and management. The developed framework of regional strategy selection facilitates to the formation of a strategic vision on a regional scale and improves the quality of a regional media strategy.
Feasibility of a Contraception Intervention for Hospitalized Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Masonbrink Abbey R. , Noel-MacDonnell Janelle , Staggs Vincent S. , Stancil Stephani , Goggin Kathy , Miller Melissa K.
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES

Unintended pregnancy in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) is linked with negative outcomes. We sought to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a contraception intervention in the pediatric hospital.

METHODS

We conducted a pilot study of hospitalized AYA females aged 14 to 21 years who reported past or anticipated sexual activity. A health educator offered a tablet-based intervention to provide contraception education and medications, if desired. We assessed feasibility (ie, intervention completion, duration, disruption to care), acceptability (ie, proportion rating as acceptable or satisfactory) among AYAs, parents or guardians, and healthcare providers, as well as preliminary efficacy (eg, contraception uptake) at enrollment and 3-month follow up.

RESULTS

We enrolled 25 AYA participants; mean age was 16.4 ± 1.5 years. The intervention demonstrated high feasibility as all enrolled participants (n = 25, 100%) completed the intervention and median intervention duration was 32 (interquartile range 25–45) minutes. Among 11 nurses, 82% (n = 9) reported the intervention was not at all or minimally disruptive to their workflow. All AYAs were very or somewhat satisfied with the intervention and 88% (n = 7) of 8 parents and guardians surveyed felt it was acceptable for the educator to meet privately with their child. Eleven participants (44%) started hormonal contraception, most commonly the subdermal implant (n = 7, 64%), and 23 (92%) received condoms.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings support the feasibility and acceptability of our contraception intervention in the pediatric hospital resulting in contraception uptake among AYAs. Efforts to expand access to contraception are important to reduce unintended pregnancy, especially as restrictions to abortion are increasing in some states.
Determination of dynamic and traction-energy indicators of all-wheel-drive traction-transport machine
Authors: Antoshchenkov Roman , Bogdanovich Serhii , Halych Ivan , Cherevatenko Halyna
Published: March 2023

The results of a study of dynamic and traction-energy indicators of an all-wheel drive wheeled traction-transport machine are presented. A diagram of a dynamic transmission model for an all-wheel drive wheeled traction and transport machine and a system of equations for the transmission dynamics in the Cauchy form have been compiled. This made it possible to determine the dependences of the angular speeds of rotation of the transmission elements of the traction-transport machine, the dependences of the torques and the dependences of the contacting traction forces on the wheels on time. The method allows to determine the optimal transmission parameters, differential designs and gear ratios to improve the traction and coupling and fuel-economic performance of the machine. It has been established that the angular speeds of rotation of the front wheels of the traction-transport machine 1.29 rad/s, 1.27 rad/s are higher than the angular speeds of rotation of the rear wheels 1.24 rad/s, 1.25 rad/s, which leads to the appearance of a kinematic discrepancies and additional energy losses. The torques of the front drive wheels are 6972 Nm, the rear drive wheels are 4622 Nm. The contacting traction forces on the front wheels of the machine are 5478 N after the end of the acceleration of the machine, on the rear wheels – 3473  N. Experimental studies were carried out on the example of an all-wheel drive wheeled tractor with an articulated frame to validate the method for assessing the dynamics of the traction-transport transmission. The difference between the values of the angular speeds of rotation of the wheels and the tangential traction forces on the wheels, determined theoretically and obtained during experimental studies, is 2 %. The developed method for assessing the transmission dynamics of an all-wheel drive traction and transport machine should be considered valid. The method proposed in the paper can be used to assess the dynamics of wheeled machines
Developing satellite hyperspectral image processing using a maximum abundance classifier with nine ground truth classes
Authors: Ismaeel Ghassan Ahmad , Gheni Mina Basheer , Abbas Saad Qasim , Jaber Mustafa Musa , Ali Mohammed Hasan
Published: March 2023

In the hundreds of bands of the photographed substance, hyperspectral imaging delivers a great density of spectral data. This allows the images to be used for a variety of purposes, including agriculture, geosciences, and biomedical imaging. Previous work didn’t discuss the best classifier with sufficient ground truth classes. This work presents the application of maximum abundance classification (MAC) for classifying a variety of areas over hyperspectral images. The allocation of an end-member throughout hyperspectral images can be described with abundance maps. Since each pixel's abundance values represent the proportion of each end-member that is present in that pixel, the pixels in a hyperspectral image will be classified in this study by determining the highest abundance rate of every pixel and allocating it to the corresponding end-member category. The ground truth classes are represented by nine end-members in the test data: Bitumen, Shadows, Self-Blocking Bricks, Bare Soil, highlighted Metal area, Gravel, Meadows, Trees, and Asphalt. By uniformly distributing the range of wavelength over the amount of spectral domains, we initially determine the central wavelength for each band to visualize loaded data and the end-member signatures of nine ground truth classes. Next, we estimate the end-members abundance maps. Finally, we classify the Max Abundance of every pixel to present a color-coded image, the overlaid, and the classified hyperspectral image areas over their category labels. The result demonstrates that brick, bare soil, trees, and asphalt zones have all been correctly identified in the photographs, which is beneficial for the identification or detection of materials