bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of textlinguistic method in language teaching
Authors: Karabacak Esra
Published: January 2022

Texts appear as the highest level units in language teaching. Textlinguistics researchers have put forward the thesis that the largest linguistic unit is the text, not the sentence. The main purpose of this research is to determine the effect of using textlinguistic analysis method and its ability to aid students in understanding the texts in language classes and improving and enriching their comprehension and expression skills. The research conducted an experiment and collected data with interviews. The sample of the research consisted of 30 students studying at the University and taking the text linguistics course. Concept Test of Textlinguistic Analysis Method was used in the study. As a result of the research, it was determined that the "Textlinguistic Analysis Method" increased the students' comprehension and expression success in Turkish classes compared to the traditional method and contributed to the increase of their participation in the class.

 

Keywords: Language teaching; linguistics; Turkish text; textlinguistic analysis; stylistics
Sustainable agriculture and sustainability of water resources from the aspect of environmental protection
Authors: Grujic Tara , Pivic Radmila , Maksimovic Jelena , Stanojkovic Sebic Aleksandra , Dinic Zoran , Jaramaz Darko , Tosic Jojevic Sonja
Published: January 2022

The international community has recognized soil salinization as one of the biggest global problems when it comes to soil conservation and its fertility, where the quality of water used for irrigation is a very important factor. Institute ofSoil Science in Belgrade conducted research on the properties of agricultural soil and irrigation water sampled at locations under irrigation systems within 6 areas of central Serbia (Braničevska, Podunavska, Pomoravska, Moravička, Mačvanska,and Toplička) in the period 2015-2018. Irrigation water was sampled at the research sites, in which the parameters for assessing its quality were analyzed (pH, electrical conductivity, sodium adsorptionratio, fixed residue). Five different classifications of irrigation water, which define the degree of risk of salinization and alkalization of soil due to the use of water of a certain quality for irrigation purposes, were applied in the paper. It was observed that a number of samples fall into different classes of application possibilities for irrigation according to different classifications. In some areas, the percentage of samples where a mismatch among classifications was observed is not negligible. Worldwide, priority is given to different classifications depending on practical experience and scientific conclusions. Many factors affect the degree of risk of soil salinization that issubject to change in the conditions of climate change. Having in mind the importance and prevalence of soil salinization, we conclude that the practice of using a number of classifications and their revision over time is a positive example and useful tool in the prevention and combat against soil salinization.
Land Cover Changes Based on Cellular Automata for Land Surface Temperature in Semarang Regency
Authors: Hanafi Fahrudin , Rahmadewi Dinda Putri , Setiawan Fajar
Published: January 2022

Land cover changes based on cellular automata for surface temperature in Semarang Regency has increased significantly due to the continuous rise in its population. Therefore, this study aims to identify, analyze and predict multitemporal land cover changes and surface temperature distribution in 2028. Data on the land cover map were obtained from Landsat 7 and 8 based on supervised classification, while Land Surface Temperature (LST) was calculated from its thermal bands. The collected data were analyzed for accuracy through observation, while Cellular Automata - Markov Chain was used to predict the associated changes in 2028. The result showed that there are 4 land cover maps with 5-year intervals from 2003 to 2018 at an accuracy of more than 85%. Furthermore, the existing land covers were dominated by forest with decreasing trend, while the built-up area continuously increased. The existing Land surface temperature range from 20.6°C to 36.6°C, at an average of 28.2°C and a yearly increase of 0.07°C. The temperature changes are positively correlated with the occurrence of land conversion. Land cover predictions for 2028 show similar forest dominance, with a 23,4% built-up area at a surface temperature of 28.9°C.

Keywords: Land cover change; Cellular Automata-Markov Chain; Land Surface Temperature

Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember

 

 

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Spatial Pattern of Multi-dimensional Regional Disparities in the Level of Socio-economic Development in West Bengal: A Geographical Analysis
Authors: Majumder Suranjan
Published: January 2022

Micro-level spatial analysis of the different phenomenon duly associated with human development and also with the wellbeing of a nation. The study is a heart-core attempt to examine the inter-block regional disparity and development by constructing a multi-dimensional approach-based index. The study used thirty-four sub-dimensional variables under the five dimensions, including health, education, economy, socio-demography, and transport. The article used the data of the district statistical handbook of 2013 and census data of 2011. The empirical results of the study confirm the existence of huge inter-regional disparity on multi-dimensional developmental aspects, which drastically hampers the all-round growth and socio-economic development of Jalpaiguri Administrative Dvision (JAD) of West Bengal. The blocks of Khairabari, Darjeeling-Pulbazar, Rngli-rangit, Mirik, Kurseong, Kalimpong I & II are found to be high regional imbalances in the development of education, health, employment, and economy.  The study also helps to identify the most backward blocks. It confirms the huge inter-block/district disparities in West Bengal. The study argued that the low developed and high disparities blocks require special attention from policymakers in order to the improvement of overall socio-economic development of the study area. 

Keywords: Jalpaiguri Administrative Dvision; Multi-dimensonal approach; regional disparity; regional imbalances; socio-economic development

Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember

 

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Assessment of Coral Reef Life-Form Classification Scheme using Multiresolution Images on Parang Island, Indonesia
Authors: Lazuardi Wahyu , Wicaksono Pramaditya
Published: January 2022

Spatial information on the varying composition of coral reefs is beneficial for the management and preservation of natural resources in coastal areas. Its availability is inseparable from environmental management goals; however, it can also be used as a means of supporting tourism activities and predicting the emergence of certain living species. A satellite image is one of the effective and efficient data sources that provide spatial information on coral reef variations. This study aimed to evaluate the classification scheme of coral reef life-form using images with different spatial resolutions on Parang Island, Karimunjawa Islands, Central Java. These images were from PlanetScope (3m), PlanetScope resampling (6m), and Sentinel-2A MSI (10m), whose spatial resolutions functioned as the base for building the 3m, 6m, and 10m classification schemes producing 12, 11, and 9 classes, respectively. As for the classification method, it integrated both object-based and pixel-based approaches. The results showed that the highest overall accuracy (60%) was obtained using Sentinel-2A MSI image (10m), followed by PlanetScope (3m) with 48% accuracy, and PlanetScope resampling (6m) with 40% accuracy. This finding indicates that multiresolution images can be used to produce complex coral reef life-form maps with different levels of information details.
Keywords: Coral reef; Life-form; Planetscope; Spatial resolution; Classification scheme
 
Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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On (a,d)-antimagic labelings of Hn, FLn and mCn
Authors: Rajendran Ramalakshmi , Kathiresan K. M.
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we derive the necessary condition for an (a,d )- antimagic labeling of some new classes of graphs such as Hn, F Ln and mCn. We prove that Hn is (7n +2, 1)-antimagic and mCn is ((mn+3)/2,1)- antimagic. Also we prove that F Ln has no ((n+1)/2,4)- antimagic labeling.
Locating-chromatic number of the edge-amalgamation of trees
Authors: Syofyan Dian Kastika , Baskoro Edy Tri , Assiyatun Hilda
Published: January 2022

The investigation on the locating-chromatic number of a graph was initiated by Chartrand et al. (2002). This concept is in fact a special case of the partition dimension of a graph. This topic has received much attention. However, the results are still far from satisfaction. We can define the locating-chromatic number of a graph G as the smallest integer k such that there exists a k-partition of the vertex-set of G such that all vertices have distinct coordinates with respect to this partition. As we know that the metric dimension of a tree is completely solved. However, the locating-chromatic numbers for most of trees are still open. For i = 1, 2, . . . , t, let Ti be a tree with a fixed edge eoi called the terminal edge. The edge-amalgamation of all Tis denoted by Edge-Amal{Ti;eoi} is a tree formed by taking all the Tis and identifying their terminal edges. In this paper, we study the locating-chromatic number of the edge-amalgamation of arbitrary trees. We give lower and upper bounds for their locating-chromatic numbers and show that the bounds are tight.
Computing the split domination number of grid graphs
Authors: Girish V. R. , Usha P.
Published: January 2022

A set D - V is a dominating set of G if every vertex in V - D is adjacent to some vertex in D. The dominating number γ(G) of G is the minimum cardinality of a dominating set D. A dominating set D of a graph G = (V;E) is a split dominating set if the induced graph (V - D) is disconnected. The split domination number γs(G) is the minimum cardinality of a split domination set. In this paper we have introduced a new method to obtain the split domination number of grid graphs by partitioning the vertex set in terms of star graphs and also we have
obtained the exact values of γs(Gm;n); m ≤ n; m,n ≤ 24:
All unicyclic graphs of order n with locating-chromatic number n-3
Authors: Baskoro Edy Tri , Arfin Arfin
Published: January 2022

Characterizing all graphs having a certain locating-chromatic number is not an easy task. In this paper, we are going to pay attention on finding all unicyclic graphs of order n (⩾ 6) and having locating-chromatic number n-3.
Odd Harmonious Labeling of Pn ⊵ C4 and  Pn ⊵ D2(C4)
Authors: Sarasvati Sabrina Shena , Halikin Ikhsanul , Wijaya Kristiana
Published: January 2022

A graph G with q edges is said to be odd harmonious if there exists an injection f:V(G) → ℤ2q so that the induced function f*:E(G)→ {1,3,...,2q-1} defined by f*(uv)=f(u)+f(v) is a bijection.
Here we show that graphs constructed by edge comb product of path Pn and cycle on four vertices C4 or shadow of cycle of order four D2(C4) are odd harmonious.
Programa ICMS Patrimônio Cultural
Authors: Libânio Clarice de Assis , Morais Camila Silva
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo aborda de forma sistemática e histórica a criação e consolidação da Lei Robin Hood em Minas Gerais e do Programa ICMS Patrimônio Cultural, instrumento de normatização para implementação do critério patrimônio cultural da referida Lei pelas municipalidades. Apresenta e explicita as diretrizes e normativas elaboradas pelo IEPHA/MG, responsável pela coordenação do Programa, voltadas para a gestão, proteção, salvaguarda e promoção do patrimônio cultural local, inclusive as alternativas buscadas para o período da pandemia. Além disso, apresenta alguns indicadores nestes 25 anos de existência do Programa, avaliando os ganhos obtidos, pari passu aos desafios enfrentados.
The Effect of E-Learning Sessions on the Development of Reading Comprehension: A Case of EFL Students’ Perceptions at Saudi Electronic University
Authors: Alhumsi Mohammad H , Alshaye Rasha A , Sendi Kholod K
Published: January 2022

This study investigated Saudi EFL university students’ perceptions toward the development of reading comprehension through e-learning sessions. A cross-sectional questionnaire was utilized and distributed to a sample of 140 participants at Saudi Electronic University. Descriptive statistics, independent sample paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that EFL university students had positive perceptions of the use of online sessions to practice the reading comprehension skill. The majority agreed that reading comprehension strategies such as skimming and scanning were more appropriate to online sessions. E-learning helped these students to be more motivated and created an atmosphere conducive to independent learning. The participants appreciated the role of online sessions in enhancing their reading comprehension skills and facilitating the level of difficulty of any reading passage. Significant differences were identified relating to the respondents’ gender and academic year. Female students were more satisfied with e-learning than male students. It is recommended that in light of the rapid growth of e-learning in Saudi Arabia, educational institutions should provide online learning programs and develop well-structured courses for e-learning implementation.
Perspectives d'émergence d'une filière forêt-chimie des extractibles Points de vue des acteurs du Nord-Est de la France et du Sud-Ouest de l'Allemagne
Authors: Bonin Frédéric , Arnould Maxence , Duval Pierre , Robic Aristide , Tapie-Petit Marie-Loréa , El Hrizi Mehdi , Euler Theresia , Fernandez-Beltran Florian , Gavant Martin , Lemaire Florian , Oukpedjo Sadath , Pillet Solenn , Serre Thomas , Blondet Marieke , Colin Francis , Durand Philippe , Ehrhart Yves , Gérardin Christine , Gérardin Philippe , Kientz Bernard , Fillbrandt Thomas , Lenglet Jonathan , Winter Heiko , Wernsdörfer Holger
Published: January 2022

La biomasse forestière peut être une source de molécules d’intérêt dans le but de substituer ou de compléter les molécules pétro-sourcées. Par conséquent, une valorisation innovante des extractibles du bois semble être une opportunité économique, sociale et environnementale. L’objectif de notre étude est de mieux cerner les perspectives d’émergence d’une nouvelle valorisation chimique des connexes bois pour la région Grand Est, à partir des avis et ressentis des acteurs de la filière forêt-bois et de la valorisation chimique de cette région ainsi que de territoires voisins. Nos résultats se portent sur trois axes : les stratégies de valorisation des connexes des entreprises de la filière forêt-bois, les perceptions des acteurs sur l’émergence d’une filière forêt-chimie, et les perspectives de mise en place d’une telle filière à moyen terme. Nous conviendrons tout de même que les résultats doivent être approfondis dans le cadre de perspectives de recherche pour préciser les conditions de la mise en œuvre de cette filière.
Le blaireau européen (Meles meles L.). Synthèse des connaissances européennes. Partie 1 : choix de l'habitat, structure et densité spatiale des terriers
Authors: Lebourgeois François
Published: January 2022

Le blaireau européen (Meles meles L.) est largement répandu en Europe et en France. C’est un animal social vivant généralement en groupe ou clan familial dans des terriers. Bien que le blaireau puisse s’installer en zone urbanisée, les mosaïques à base de chênes avec des zones ouvertes (prairies, haies, pâtures extensives) sont les biotopes largement privilégiés. Dans ces contextes, les terriers sont creusés préférentiellement dans les sols meubles en zones moyennement pentues à proximité des lisières mais loin des infrastructures humaines. La surface d’un terrier varie de quelques mètres carrés (< 100 m2) à plusieurs centaines (> 500 m2). Globalement, le nombre d’entrées, la longueur cumulée des tunnels et le nombre de chambres augmentent avec la surface. Pour les petits terriers (< 100 m2 ; dits « secondaires »), le nombre d’entrées est généralement inférieur à 10 (souvent 4 à 6), le nombre de chambres entre 0 et 3 et la longueur cumulée des tunnels inférieure à 70 m. Pour les grands terriers (au moins 200 à 300 m2 ; dits « principaux »), les entrées sont de l’ordre de 10 à 15, le nombre de chambres souvent supérieur à 10 et la longueur cumulée des tunnels de plus de 100 mètres. En Europe, la densité moyenne des terriers est de 1,1 ± 1,9 par km2. Les densités les plus fortes sont observées en Europe de l’Ouest (Irlande, Royaume-Uni, France, Espagne…) avec des valeurs moyennes entre 1,4 et 2,2 terriers par km2. Un déplacement vers l’Est (Europe centrale et de l’Est) se traduit par des densités 10 fois plus faibles souvent de moins d’un terrier par 10 km2.
L’intégration métaphorique et imagée de l’arbre en gestion : d’un « modèle organisationnel de l’arbre » à « l’arbre stratégique »
Authors: Phanuel Dominique
Published: January 2022

Jusqu’à présent la recherche en sciences de gestion ne s’est quasiment pas emparée du végétal et a fortiori de l’arbre Qu’est-ce que l’arbre peut nous apprendre ou nous faire redécouvrir, sous un jour nouveau, en matière organisationnelle et stratégique ? Dans cet article, à visée exploratoire, nous posons la question suivante : comment mieux intégrer l’arbre dans les sciences de gestion ? Nous y répondons, d’une part, en proposant un « modèle organisationnel de l’arbre », à partir d’items clés inspirés des arbres, et en en tirant quelques enseignements pour la gestion et le management, et d’autre part, en « plantant » un « arbre stratégique » comme outil discursif de création et de partage de sens collectif au sein de l’organisation.
Quels besoins de connaissances pour construire le futur des forêts en France ? Au-delà du plan de relance
Authors: Leroy Maya , Bontemps Jean-Daniel , Brahic Elodie , Dupouey Jean-Luc , Forget Pierre-Michel , Garcia Serge , Gond Valéry , Kleinschmit von Lengefeld Andreas Nikolaus , Landmann Guy , Morin Xavier , Pélissier Raphaël , Picard Nicolas , Marty Pascal
Published: January 2022

Le plan France Relance lancé en septembre 2020 prévoit des mesures forestières sur 2 ans, avec un accent sur la reconstitution des peuplements forestiers sinistrés, affaiblis par les sécheresses ou attaqués par les scolytes. Cependant la crise forestière liée au changement climatique est partie pour durer et les efforts sur les connaissances à acquérir pour aider la forêt à s’adapter au changement climatique devront être poursuivis sur le long terme. Nous identifions quatre enjeux principaux, fortement liés à la préservation de la biodiversité : 1) S’assurer des conditions de succès d’établissement des forêts plantées. 2) Tirer parti des dynamiques naturelles et de la biodiversité pour limiter les risques. 3) Raisonner territorialement, impliquer davantage les acteurs. 4) Connecter les enjeux nationaux aux enjeux économiques mondiaux.
Surface Texturing Technique Based on Ultrasonic Turning for Improving Tribological Properties
Authors: Hara Keisuke , Fukuda Toshihiro , Taguchi Kyosuke , Isobe Hiromi ,   National Institute of Technology, Ichinoseki College Takanashi, Hagisho, Ichinoseki, Iwate 021-8511, Japan,   National Institute of Technology, Hachinohe College, Hachinohe, Japan,   Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan
Published: January 2022

Tribological properties such as lubrication, friction, and wear resistance greatly affect machine operation efficiency, performance, and service life. Surface texturing methods such as scraping can be used to improve these properties. Scraping creates many small depressions on the target surface. These depressions, which are evenly distributed, function as oil holes and thus improve lubrication performance. This paper describes a surface texturing technique based on ultrasonic vibration-assisted turning (UVAT) that simultaneously improves tribological properties and machinability. In UVAT, the cutting tool is oscillated mainly in the principal direction. Vibration in the radial direction, which is induced by Poisson deformation, periodically digs up or pushes the workpiece surface in the radial direction, creating a textured surface. A surface subjected to UVAT has periodic depressions along the workpiece rotation direction. The texturing rate of UVAT is up to 6700 mm2/min, which is higher than that of manual scraping. To evaluate the tribological performance of a surface textured by UVAT, the friction coefficient between a stainless steel pin and the surface was measured under oil dipping conditions. The results of friction experiments show that the friction coefficient of the UVAT-treated surface and its fluctuation were lower than those of a conventional turned surface. The UVAT-treated surface had stable friction properties.
Manajemen Pendidikan Karakter dalam Menumbuhkan Sikap Religius Peserta Didik MI Mafatihul Akhlaq Jepara
Authors: Hanik Elya Umi , Ahsani Eva Luthfi Fakhru
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the management of character education in growing the religious character of students at MI Mafatihul Akhlaq Jepara. This research is a field research with a qualitative method approach. The object of this research is MI Mafatihul Akhlaq Demangan, Tahunan, Jepara. This research data collection using interview techniques, observation and documentation, technical data analysis through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and classification and validity test using data triangulation techniques. The results of this study include; 1) the character education management model implanted at MI Mafatihul Akhlaq Jepara includes the process of planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating it, religious character, honesty, intelligence, and caring for others. Teachers have strategies to support the achievement of the concept of character education management. 2) Strategies in implementing character education in fostering the religious attitude of students through example, learning, empowerment and civilizing, strengthening, and assessment.
Quantification of Industrial Wastewater Discharge From the Major Cities in Sichuan Province (China) from 2003 to 2018
Authors: Guo Hui , Zhang Yawen , Yang Zhen’an
Published: January 2022

Wastewater discharge is produced as a side effect of socio-economic activities and exerts severe pressure on the environment, its characteristics depend on the rate of urbanization and industrialization. We used spatial autocorrelation, environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), and logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) model to study the spatial characteristics and driving factors of industrial wastewater discharge in Sichuan province (2003–2018). We showed that the amount of industrial wastewater discharge in Sichuan province for the period was reduced from 116580 to 42064.96 million tons as observed from the Moran index ranging from -0.31 to 0.30. We identified five types of the EKC (monotonically decreasing, N, inverted N, U, and inverted U shape) in 18 major cities of Sichuan province. The technical effect (from -0.28 to -16.37) can reduce the discharge of industrial wastewater, while structure effect (0.05–3.83), economy effect (0.19–7.79) and population effect (from -0.08 to 0.46) can promote the industrial wastewater discharge. Our findings suggest that industrial wastewater discharge was reduced and showed a scattered distribution characteristic in Sichuan Province from 2003 to 2018. It is necessary to strengthen technical management measures to reduce industrial wastewater discharge in Sichuan province.
Analysis of Lymph Node Metastasis and Risk Factors in 975 Patients with FIGO 2009 Stage ⅠA-ⅡA Cervical Cancer
Authors: Cao Lina , Kong Weimin , Li Jing , Song Dan , Jin Bixia , Liu Tingting , Han Chao
Published: January 2022

Objective
To summarize the lymph node metastasis (LNM) rate of patients with stage ⅠA-ⅡA cervical cancer, and further analyze its distribution characteristics and related risk factors.
Methods
According to FIGO 2009, the clinical data of 975 patients with stage ⅠA-ⅡA cervical cancer treated in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence and distribution of LNM were analyzed, and the influencing factors of cervical cancer LNM were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression.
Results
In this study, the LNM rate was 14.8%(144/975), and a total of 20288 lymph nodes were removed, among which 359 lymph nodes had metastasis. According to the statistics of the number and frequency of metastatic lymph nodes in different regions, the metastatic rate was the highest in the parauterine/obturator regions. Univariate analysis showed that pregnancy > 3 times, tumor size > 4cm, gross type, FIGO stage, pathological type, positive lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), deep cervical stromal invasion (outer 1/2 invasion), parametrial involvement and uterine corpus invasion (UCI) were all correlated with LNM (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed tumor lesion >4cm (OR=2.253,95%CI:1.486-3.416,P<0.001), positive LVSI (OR=5.353,95%CI: 3.303-8.676, P <0.001), deep cervical stromal invasion (OR=3.461, 95%CI: 2.106-5.688, P<0.001)and deep UCI (myometrial invasion≥50%) (OR=3.529, 95%CI: 1.321-9.427, P=0.012)were independent risk factors for LNM.
Conclusion C
ervical cancer patients are more likely to have LNM if the tumor size > 4cm, positive LVSI, deep cervical stromal invasion and deep UCI. In clinical treatment, attention should be paid to the evaluation of LNM.
Assessment of Policies and Harm Reduction Services for Young People Who Use Drugs in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal: Identifying Gaps and Opportunities
Authors: Maharjan Ishwor
Published: January 2022

Background: Young people under 30 represent the majority of people who use drugs in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Young people who use drugs (YPWUD) may have particular needs and require different service and policy responses when compared to their older peers. This research examines the strengths and limitations of currently available policies and services; their effectiveness in meeting the needs of YPWUD and identifies gaps and opportunities for their improvement.Methodology: Semi-structured interviews (n=9) with key stakeholders and one focus group (n=5) discussion with YPWUD were conducted. Results were analyzed using the Rhodes Risk Environment framework which considers the ‘physical’, ‘social’, ‘economic’ and ‘policy’ level factors shaping risk at ‘micro’, ‘meso’ and ‘macro’ levels.Results: Drug use patterns among YPWUD in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal are changing. Several trends have been identified including increased use of methamphetamine, diverted pharmaceuticals and ‘Southasian-Cocktail’ (a mixture of buprenorphine, benzodiazepine and antihistamines); use at the border regions and a move away from drug dealing ‘hotspots’ to online drug purchasing. YPWUD and service providers report a range of barriers to accessing services including stigma and discrimination; a lack of local services; a lack of knowledge of existing services; age of consent legislation and opening hours which may conflict with commitments such as school and college. YPWUD report a range of human rights violations including involuntary treatment, arbitrary detention, forced labour and public body searches. Service providers and policymakers report precarious international donor funding of services through HIV prevention programs with little to no youth-specific services for YPWUD.Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the importance of youth-friendly harm reduction services that are relevant and responsive to the unique needs and experiences of YPWUD. These services should address current trends including the use of new substances (for example, methamphetamine and ‘Southasian Cocktail’) in diverse environments (including at the border regions and online). The perspectives of YPWUD are vital while developing and implementing harm reduction programs to ensure that the programs are effective, efficient and based on the diverse needs of YPWUD.
Effect of Frequent Vaginal Saline Lavage On Maternal Infection Prevention During Mechanical Labor Induction
Authors: Xin Hong , Gao Jing , Huang Jing , Chang Ruijing
Published: January 2022

Background: Induction of labor is performed in up to 25% of pregnancies. The major concern in mechanical labor induction is that it increases the chance of infection when a foreign device is introduced into the cervix. The aim of the study is to test the effectiveness of a vagina saline lavage procedure on infection prevention during labor induction by transcervical double balloon catheter.Methods: Enrolled pregnant women were randomly divided into two groups. The control group received standard aseptic vaginal cleansing with 5% betadine solution. In addition to the standard aseptic preparation, the study group received vaginal lavage with 0.9% saline solution before the device placement and once every 4 hours after the insertion. Results: There was no statistical difference in the demographic characteristics or the indications for induction between the two groups (P > 0.1). The final delivery modes and complication rates were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between the two groups, except for the maternal infection rate (P < 0.05). The rate of infection dropped from 10.6% to 2.9% when the frequent vaginal lavage procedure was performed. Conclusions: Excessive vaginal aseptic preparation by saline solution is easy to apply, safe and effective in reducing maternal infection during mechanical labor induction.
Gut Microbiota, Combined with Metabolomics, Reveals the Mechanism of Curcumol on Liver Fibrosis in Mice
Authors: Zheng Yang , Wang Jiahui , Wang Jiaru , Jiang Ruizhu , Liang Tianjian , Zhao Tiejian
Published: January 2022

Background:Liver fibrosis is a reversible pathological process, and its prevention and treatment are of great significance to patients with chronic liver disease. This study combined 16S rRNA analysis of gut microbiota and plasma metabolomics to explore the mechanism of curcumol’s effect on liver fibrosis in mice. The results will help to clarify the relationship between the gut microbiota and metabolites in the process of liver fibrosis.Results:Molecular biological testing found that curcumol could significantly improve the pathological changes of liver tissue and inhibit the occurrence of liver inflammation. Intestinal flora testing found that curcumol could significantly change the abundances of Veillonellaceae, Prerotella_oulorum, and Alistipes_finegoldii. Metabolomics analysis found that curcumol’s anti-hepatic fibrosis effect may be related to its regulation of arachidonic acid metabolism. Correlation analysis suggested that curcumol regulated the abundances of Bacteroidota and Bacteroides and participated in the metabolism of Prostaglandin B2.Conclusions:When liver fibrosis occurs, the intestinal flora and metabolic network will be altered. The effect of curcumol on liver fibrosis may be related to its regulation of intestinal flora and the resulting interference with metabolic pathways, thereby regulating liver inflammation.
Effect of Substrate Properties and Phosphorus-supply on the Rare Earth Element Facilitation in Mixed-culture Cropping Systems of Hordeum Vulgare, Lupinus Albus and Lupinus Angustifolius
Authors: Monei Nthati , Hitch Michael , Heim Juliane , Pourret Olivier , Heilmeier Hermann , Wiche Oliver
Published: January 2022

This study presents how nutrient availability and intercropping may influence the migration of REE when cultivated under P-deficient conditions. In a replacement model, Hordeum vulgare was intercropped with 11% Lupinus albus cv. Feodora and 11% L. angustifolius cv. Sonate. They were cultivated on two substrates, A (pH = 7.8) and B (pH = 6.6). Two nutrient solutions were supplied, with N, K, Mg and high P-supply (P+), the other with N, K, Mg, and one-third of P-supply (P-, applied to L0 and Lan only). Simultaneously, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to quantify carboxylate release. There, one group of L. albus and L. angustifolius was supplied with 200 µM K2HPO4 (P+) together with the other nutrients while a second group received 20 µM P (P-). L. albus released higher carboxylates at low P-supply than L. angustifolius. Higher P-supply did not influence the P concentrations and contents of H. vulgare neither on substrate A nor on substrate B. However, addition of P decreased the concentrations of REEs, especially in plants cultivated on alkaline soil. Nutrient accumulation decreased in H. vulgare in intercropping with L. angustifolius when cultivated on the alkaline substrate A with high P-supply. In the same conditions, the accumulation of REE in H. vulgare significantly increased. Conversely, on the acidic substrate B intercropping with L. albus decreased REE contents and concentrations in H. vulgare. Intercropping with L. angustifolius opens an opportunity for enhanced phytomining and accumulation of REE. Furthermore, intercropping with L. albus on REE polluted soils may be utilized to restrict REE accumulation in crops used for food production.
Analysis of the Characteristics of the Land Creeping (Slow-Moving) at Seomyeon, Suncheon-Si Area
Authors: park Jae hyeon
Published: January 2022

This study was conducted to prevent land creeping by examining various features such as geology, topography, and physical characteristics, using the case of a land-crawled region. The first land creeping occurred in Seomyeon Suncheon-si in 2000, and the second occurred in 2020; the damaged surface area of the second event was approximately 21.7 times that of the first, and it was discovered Sunchoen-si Landcreep occur because of forest road cut affected. After 1 h, it was moderate at a soil depth of 20, 100, 200, and 250 cm from the surface soil, according to a measurement result of soil dispersity. It was severe at soil depths of 100, 200, and 250 cm, and the clay soil between the bedrock was mild to severe, and it was determined to be severe in locations where groundwater was leaching. The objective study area was a typical land creeping-type landslide caused by weathered rocks, and this area belonged to a type of convex terrain ground (凸) form. The land creeping occurred in the convex area (凸). As a result of analyzing the landslide hazard grade, the creeping land area is found to be different from ordinary landslides because it includes most areas of landslide hazard grade 3–5 and out of the grade. Results show that the land creeping has proceeded in the directions of S15°E, S20°E, S25°E, and S30°E, which is consistent with the direction following the flow duration of groundwater determined using the electrical resistivity survey method.
Optical Characterization of Quinoline Yellow Fluorochemosensors for Analyzing Its Photonics Applications With Synthesized Nano Particles
Authors: Melavanki Raveendra , Kumar Vijaya , Ramesh N L , Singh Diksha , B Daruka Prasad , N Dhananjaya
Published: January 2022

Quinoline Yellow (QY) with the scientific name [sodium 2-(2, 3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-1H-inden-2-yl) quinoline-6,8-disulfonate] (SQDS) is investigated for its sensing properties as fluorochemosensors and its NLO applications. Pure SQDS is doped with copper ferrite and cerium oxide nanoparticles and studied for changes in spectral results. Change in absorption spectrum is observed depending on the polarity of solvents. Intensity of fluorescence also varies with different type of solvents. Optical characterization for SQDS is carried out via various spectroscopic techniques including UV-VIS spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Photo Luminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Optical parameters like extinction coefficient, refractive index and bandgap energy are determined from absorption spectrum for both solution and film samples. XRD characterization is also performed for QY and for nanoparticle doped QY. For investigating Non-Linear optical (NLO) application of QY, films are prepared and optical imaging is performed via Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Characterization results are analysed and predicted for application in non-linear optics.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) use in Cancer Patients of Immigration Background
Authors: Wu Alex , Wu Yunhong , Natarajan Vijaya , Singh Prabhsimranjot , Cheema Waseem , Hossain Rukhsana , Liu Christine , Mejia Yocasta , Oo Myoe Htet Htet , Valenzano Bina , Xu Yiqing
Published: January 2022

Background: Previous studies have shown that cancer patients are more likely to use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) than non-cancer patients for immune enhancement and symptom relief. We hypothesized that cancer patients with immigration background may seek out CAM use more readily than the US born patients due to the impact from their cultural background.Methods: This is a prospective, single institution, questionnaire study on cancer patient for the use of CAM. Correlates of CAM use with age, sex, cancer types, stages, race, birthplace, immigration duration, first language use, marital status, levels of poverty, education and anxiety, were studied.Results: Among 658 patients, the prevalence of CAM use was 66.11%. CAM use was 71.98% in females and 54.34% in males (p=1.13x10-5), 67.09% in patients ≥ 38 years old and 46.88% in patients < 38 years old (p=0.0215). Patients of African descent had higher CAM use (72.73%) than the Caucasians and Others (63.53%) (p=0.0371). There was no difference of CAM use between the US born (68.77%) and the immigrants (63.98%) as a whole; however, Asian born immigrants had lower CAM use (53.77%) than the US born (66.50%) (p=0.0161), while the Latin-American born had a trend towards higher CAM use (74.83%, P=0.0608). The number of years living in the US by the immigrants did not have an association with CAM use. Among psychosocial economic factors, married patients had a lower CAM use (61.23%) than the unmarried (70.85%) (p=0.0102). The levels of education, poverty and anxiety did not show a statistical difference in relation to CAM use, nor was the difference between the early or late stages of disease. Prayer and spirituality, and Dietary medicine were the two most common CAM subtypes used (25.91% and 16.12%, respectively). African Americans showed the highest rate of using Prayer and spirituality (84.72%) while the Asian Americans had the lowest rate (40.32%). Conclusions: Among cancer patients of multi-ethnic and immigration background, CAM use was higher in African American patients, and lower in Asian Americans, as compared to the US born, or to Caucasians. Cultural roots appeared to be a strong influencing factor for the selection of CAM.
Diversity of Gut Methanogens and Functional Enzymes Associated With Methane Metabolism in Smallholder Dairy Cattle
Authors: Ng'etich Denis K. , Bett Rawlynce C. , Gachuiri Charles K. , Kibegwa Felix M.
Published: January 2022

Methane is a greenhouse gas with disastrous consequences when released to intolerable levels. Ruminants produce methane during gut fermentation releasing it through belching and/or flatulence. To better understand the diversity of methanogens and functional enzymes associated with methane metabolism in dairy cows, 48 samples; six rumen and 42 dung contents were collected and analyzed using a shotgun metagenomic approach. The results indicated archaea from 5 phyla, 9 classes, 16 orders, 25 families, 59 genera, and 87 species. Gut sites significantly contributed to the presence and distribution of various methanogens (P<0.01). The class Methanomicrobia was abundant in the rumen samples (~ 39%) and in dung (~44%). The most abundant (~17%) methanogen species identified was Methanocorpusculum labreanum. However, some taxonomic classes were not classified (~ 6% in the rumen and ~4% in the dung). Furthermore, five functional enzymes: Glycine/Serine hydroxy methyltransferase, Formylmethanofuran—tetrahydromethanopterin N-formyltransferase, Formate dehydrogenase, Anaerobic carbon monoxide dehydrogenase and Catalase-peroxidase were associated with methane metabolism. KO0600 module and Enzyme Commissions (1.11.1.6 & 2.1.2.1) were common for dung and rumen fluid’s enzymatic pathways. Functional analysis for the enzymes identified were significant (P<0.05) for 5 metabolism processes. Breeding for tolerable methane emitting dairy cattle for a sustainable environment should be undertaken.
Homocysteine-Potentiated Keap1 Promotes Neuronal Senescence via Inhibiting Ubiquitination of β-Catenin
Authors: Zhang Yao , Xie Jiazhao , Jiang Yan-li , Yang Shao-juan , Wei Hui , Yang Ying , Wang Jian-zhi
Published: January 2022

Background
Elevated serum homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It has been reported that Hcy dramatically accelerates the aging of endothelial progenitor cells or endothelial cells. However, whether and how Hcy produces neuronal senescence is largely unknown.
Methods
Mouse neuroblastma 2a (N2a) cells were treated with Hcy, and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining was applied to assay senescence. Senescent markers and related proteins were examined by western blot, quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), immunofluorescence staining. Methylation of promoter was assay by bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP). Immunoprecipitation (IP) was applied to examine association between proteins. Rats were injected with homocysteine and examined neuronal senescence.
Results
In this study, we observed that Hcy significantly promoted the senescence of N2a cells with elevated β-catenin and Kelch like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). Intriguingly, Hcy increased the interaction between Keap1 and Wilms tumor gene on X chromosome (WTX), but decreased β-catenin-WTX interaction simultaneously. Mechanistically, Hcy attenuated the methylation level of Keap1 promoter’s CqG island and activated the transcription of Keap1. While, slow degradation rate rather than transcriptional activation contributed to the high level of β-catenin. Hcy-increased Keap1 competed with β-catenin to bind to WTX. Knockdown of β-catenin and Keap1 both attenuated Hcy-induced senescence of N2a cells. Hcy-induced rats model also showed neuronal senescence in cortex along with elevated senescent markers.
Conclusions
Our data highlight a crucial role of Keap1-β-catenin pathway in Hcy-induced neuronal-like senescence and provide a promising target for AD treatment.
Ovine Endoscopic Ear Surgery - Accessible Smartphone-Based Training Model
Authors: Tamir Sharon Ovnat , Schwarz Yehuda , Gluck Ofer , Alkire Blake , Marom Tal , Kraus Oded
Published: January 2022

Background: Understanding middle ear anatomy, in addition to endoscopic surgical skill acquisition, is an arduous task. Mastering 3-dimensional conceptualization and surgical dexterity may take many years. The coronavirus pandemic has made training difficult and complicated due to social distancing and risk of aerosolized viral spread in cadaver dissection. In this study we suggest a smartphone-based endoscope ovine head cadaveric dissection which is a simple, safe, and affordable training model for residents as an initial step in otologic endoscopic surgery training.Methods: A stepwise depiction of endoscopic ovine middle ear surgery; from cadaver and equipment acquisition, setting preparation, to surgical explanation and procedural steps. Results: The smartphone-based endoscopic otological ovine dissection model provides a low-cost, easily accessible and easily deployable training model for the novice surgeon world-wide. This model permits the novice surgeon a comprehensive anatomical understanding, middle ear proprioception, as well as a "safe" practicing model for diverse middle ear procedures. Conclusions: The ovine cadaver otological smartphone-based endoscopic surgery training model is an affordable, easy, reproducible, and transportable model, which makes it an ideal model from implementation in both low-middle and high-income countries.
A Disposable DNA Analysis Chip with a Powerless Actuator
Authors: Han Kyungsup , Kim Insup , Chan Wei Xuan , Kim Sanglae , Kim Jeong-Hwan , Noh Jinhong , Kim Noori , Yoon Yong-Jin
Published: January 2022

A non-instrumented, single-use, affordable, and fully- yet safely-disposable DNA analysis system for Point Of Care (POC) diagnostic process has been proposed by integrating (1) a hydration-reactive mixture for a portable heating element as a powerless actuator, (2) commercially available optical adhesive films as valves, and (3) an exothermic reaction-based recombinant polymerase amplification (RPA) process for non-instrumented DNA amplification. The operational error tolerance of the adhesive valves was evaluated by gas production and long-lasting ability, and the amplification performance of the RPA device was validated by gel electrophoresis. Finally, a DNA analysis device was fabricated and tested based on a hydration reaction with a DNA extraction microfluidic channel and an exothermic reaction-based RPA device. In the DNA extraction process, dimethyl adipimidate (DMA) solution was used to eliminate some required injection steps from the extraction process. The integrated system's functionality was successfully demonstrated, and the suggested system could become a foundation for the ultimate total solution for POC DNA analysis.
The cross-scale correlations between individuals and nations in COVID-19 mortality
Authors: Zhang Lei , She Yu-Rong , She Guang-Hui , Li Rong , She Zhen-Su
Published: January 2022

It is challenging to quantitatively clarify the determining medical and social factors of COVID-19 mortality, which varied by 2-3 orders of magnitude across countries. Here, we present evidence that the whole-cycle patterns of mortality follow a logistic law for 52 countries. A universal linear law is found between the ICU time in the early stage and the most important quantity regarding the epidemic: its duration. Saturation mortality is found to have a power law relationship with median age and bed occupancy, which quantitatively explains the great variation in mortality based on the two key thresholds of median age (=38) and bed occupancy (=15%). We predict that deaths will be reduced by 36% when the number of beds is doubled for countries with older populations. Facing the next wave of the epidemic, this model can make early predictions on the epidemic duration and medical supply reservation.