bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Partners' Views Influence Auditor Judgment
Authors: Peytcheva Marietta , Gillett Peter R.
Published: November 2011

Prior research has shown that auditors who learn superiors' views before making their own judgment are influenced by them (e.g., Peecher 1996; Tan et al. 1997; Cohen and Trompeter 1998; Brown et al. 1999; Wilks 2002). We use the theory of motivated reasoning (Kunda 1990, 1999) to examine the malleability of individual auditors' judgments after auditors have reached their own independent conclusions. In a between-subjects experiment with practicing auditors and audit students, we find that auditors who learn the views of their superiors after reaching their own judgment subsequently report that their original, independent judgment had been the same as that of their superiors. Our findings provide evidence that knowledge of superiors' views biases auditors' reports of their prior independent judgments, potentially inhibiting discussion and resolution of contrary views. Moreover, in our study this bias is not significantly different from the influence superiors' views have on auditors who learn those views prior to reaching their own conclusions. We discuss the implications of these findings for audit practice.

Data Availability: Contact the first author.
Documentation Requirements and Quantified versus Qualitative Audit Risk Assessments
Authors: Piercey M. David
Published: November 2011

The “not documented, not done” requirements of Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) Auditing Standard No. 3 substantially increased auditors' obligations to document their risk assessments. This study examines a potentially unintended consequence of such a requirement on auditors who have pressure to reach lenient, client-preferred risk assessments. Because documentation requirements potentially expose auditors' lenient judgments to more ex post scrutiny (e.g., regulator inspection, litigation), one would ordinarily not expect that adding them would cause auditors with client pressures to become more lenient. However, I expect that adding documentation requirements leads auditors who assess risk in qualitative (rather than quantified) terms to engage more in a specific word-smithing strategy that is shown by prior research to help rationalize reaching more lenient audit conclusions. Thus, even though documentation potentially exposes more lenient judgments to scrutiny, I show that auditors assessing risk in qualitative terms respond to this pressure by rationalizing their lenient assessments even more vigilantly. This leads to more lenient judgments, ironically, as a result of adding the documentation requirement. Adding documentation requirements does not have this effect on quantified risk assessments. Prior research also suggests that auditors typically assess risk in words. Thus, under common conditions, the PCAOB's documentation requirements may have unintended effects, with adverse implications for audit effectiveness contrary to their regulatory intent.

Data Availability: Contact the author.
Diabetes and Periodontal Disease: An Update for Health Care Providers
Authors: Persson G. Rutger
Published: November 2011

In Brief

Periodontitis has been identified as the sixth complication of diabetes. Advanced glycation end-products, altered lipid mechanisms, oxidative stress, and systemically elevated cytokine levels in patients with diabetes and periodontitis suggest that dental and medical care providers should coordinate therapies.
99mTc-ECD SPECT at rest and activation in young patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Nocuń Anna , Pawęzka Justyna , Chrapko Beata , Szymona Kinga , Smoleń Agata , Karakuła Hanna
Published: November 2011

The aim of the study was to localize brain parts involved in executive functions in patients with schizophrenia by means of 99mTc-ECD single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 3-dimensional automatic software. We examined 12 men with schizophrenia (mean age 29±3.9 years). Brain perfusion SPECT was performed at rest and during Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Two types of quantitative SPECT analysis were applied; voxel-based and volume of interest (VOI)-based. With voxel-based approach, rest and activation SPECT were compared. VOI-based analysis allowed for correlation of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 20 VOIs with WCST scores. In voxel-based analysis, the patterns of rCBF decrease and increase after activation varied between patients, with combinations of different brain regions involved. In VOI-based approach, the only statistically significant difference between activation and rest was rCBF decrease in the left basal ganglia (p=0.028). The thalami and right temporal cortex correlated with the greatest number of WCST scores, followed by left occipital cortex and left cerebellum. In conclusion, our results suggest that patterns of WCST activation and deactivation vary between patients with schizophrenia. Among the network of involved brain structures, right temporal cortex and thalami appear to play the major role.
Metastatic lung angiosarcoma from a femoral subperiosteal origin
Authors: Vassalou Evi , Perdikakis Evangelos , Giannikaki Elpida , Mavroudis Dimitris , Katonis Pavlos , Karkavitsas Nikolaos , Karantanas Apostolos
Published: November 2011

Primary malignant vascular bone tumors are unusual and include hemangioendothelioma, epitheloid hemangioendothelioma and angiosarcoma. Although few cases of primary bone angiosarcomas have been reported, those of femoral origin are even more infrequent. Such tumors diagnosis may be challenging due to their radiographic and histologic variety. We present a case of a 24-yearold woman with a subperiosteal diaphyseal angiosarcoma originating from the femoral bone and metastatic to the lung at the time of diagnosis. The clinical, histological and radiological features of this extremely rare lesion are presented.
Pattern recognition approach to classifying CYP 2C19 isoform
Authors: Krawczyk Bartosz
Published: November 2011

In this paper a pattern recognition approach to classifying quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPR) of the CYP2C19 isoform is presented. QSPR is a correlative computer modelling of the properties of chemical molecules and is widely used in cheminformatics and the pharmaceutical industry. Predicting whether or not a particular chemical will be metabolized by 2C19 is of primary importance to the pharmaceutical industry. This task poses certain challenges. First of all analyzed data are characterized by a significant biological noise. Additionally the training set is unbalanced, with objects from negative class outnumbering the positives four times. Presented solution deals with those problems, additionally incorporating a throughout feature selection for improving the stability of received results. A strong emphasis is put on the outlier detection and proper model validation to achieve the best predictive power.
Does Raising the Bar Level the Playing Field?
Authors: Domina Thurston , Saldana Joshua
Published: November 2011

Over the past three decades, American high school students’ course taking has rapidly intensified. Between 1982 and 2004, for example, the proportion of high school graduates who earned credit in precalculus or calculus more than tripled. In this article, the authors investigate the consequences of mathematics curricular intensification for social stratification in American high schools. Using representative data from U.S. high school graduates in 1982, 1992, and 2004, the authors estimate changes in race-, class-, and skills-based inequality in advanced math course credit completion. Their analyses indicate that race, class, and skills gaps in geometry, Algebra II, and trigonometry completion have narrowed considerably over the study period. However, consistent with the theory of maximally maintained inequality, inequalities in calculus completion remain pronounced.
Thin Layer Drying Kinetics of By-Products from Olive Oil Processing
Authors: Montero Irene , Miranda Teresa , Arranz Jose Ignacio , Rojas Carmen Victoria
Published: November 2011

The thin-layer behavior of by-products from olive oil production was determined in a solar dryer in passive and active operation modes for a temperature range of 20–50 °C. The increase in the air temperature reduced the drying time of olive pomace, sludge and olive mill wastewater. Moisture ratio was analyzed to obtain effective diffusivity values, varying in the oil mill by-products from 9.136 × 10−11 to 1.406 × 10−9 m2/s in forced convection (ma = 0.22 kg/s), and from 9.296 × 10−11 to 6.277 × 10−10 m2/s in natural convection (ma = 0.042 kg/s). Diffusivity values at each temperature were obtained using the Fick’s diffusion model and, regardless of the convection, they increased with the air temperature. The temperature dependence on the effective diffusivity was determined by an Arrhenius type relationship. The activation energies were found to be 38.64 kJ/mol, 30.44 kJ/mol and 47.64 kJ/mol for the olive pomace, the sludge and the olive mill wastewater in active mode, respectively, and 91.35 kJ/mol, 14.04 kJ/mol and 77.15 kJ/mol in natural mode, in that order.
Topological Anisotropy of Stone-Wales Waves in Graphenic Fragments
Authors: Ori Ottorino , Cataldo Franco , Putz Mihai V.
Published: November 2011

Stone-Wales operators interchange four adjacent hexagons with two pentagon-heptagon 5|7 pairs that, graphically, may be iteratively propagated in the graphene layer, originating a new interesting structural defect called here Stone-Wales wave. By minimization, the Wiener index topological invariant evidences a marked anisotropy of the Stone-Wales defects that, topologically, are in fact preferably generated and propagated along the diagonal of the graphenic fragments, including carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoribbons. This peculiar edge-effect is shown in this paper having a predominant topological origin, leaving to future experimental investigations the task of verifying the occurrence in nature of wave-like defects similar to the ones proposed here. Graph-theoretical tools used in this paper for the generation and the propagation of the Stone-Wales defects waves are applicable to investigate isomeric modifications of chemical structures with various dimensionality like fullerenes, nanotubes, graphenic layers, schwarzites, zeolites.
Analysis of Doppler Effect on the Pulse Compression of Different Codes Emitted by an Ultrasonic LPS
Authors: Paredes José A. , Aguilera Teodoro , Álvarez Fernando J. , Lozano Jesús , Morera Jorge
Published: November 2011

This work analyses the effect of the receiver movement on the detection by pulse compression of different families of codes characterizing the emissions of an Ultrasonic Local Positioning System. Three families of codes have been compared: Kasami, Complementary Sets of Sequences and Loosely Synchronous, considering in all cases three different lengths close to 64, 256 and 1,024 bits. This comparison is first carried out by using a system model in order to obtain a set of results that are then experimentally validated with the help of an electric slider that provides radial speeds up to 2 m/s. The performance of the codes under analysis has been characterized by means of the auto-correlation and cross-correlation bounds. The results derived from this study should be of interest to anyone performing matched filtering of ultrasonic signals with a moving emitter/receiver.
Maintenance of Efficacy and Safety with Subcutaneous Golimumab Among Patients with Active Rheumatoid Arthritis Who Previously Received Intravenous Golimumab
Authors: TAYLOR PETER C. , RITCHLIN CHRISTOPHER , MENDELSOHN ALAN , BAKER DANIEL , KIM LILIANNE , XU ZHENHUA , MACK MICHAEL , KREMER JOEL
Published: November 2011

Objective.

To evaluate the efficacy/safety of subcutaneous (SC) golimumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who previously received intravenous (IV) golimumab with or without methotrexate (MTX).

Methods.

Adult patients with RA (n = 643) with persistent disease despite MTX (≥ 15 mg/wk for ≥ 3 months) were randomized to IV placebo + MTX (n = 129) or IV golimumab 2–4 mg/kg (± MTX) every 12 weeks (n = 514). Patients who completed the study through Week 48 could participate in the longterm extension (LTE), comprising open-label golimumab 50 mg SC every 4 weeks (± MTX) for 24 weeks (LTE-0 to LTE-24) followed by 16 weeks of safety followup (LTE-24 to LTE-40; MTX could be adjusted).

Results.

At Week 48, 28% (nominal p < 0.001 vs placebo), 11%, and 8% of patients who received IV golimumab + MTX, golimumab alone, and placebo + MTX, respectively, achieved ≥ 50% improvement in the American College of Rheumatology response criteria (ACR50). Among the 505 patients who entered the LTE and were still participating, the proportion of patients treated with golimumab 50 mg SC (± MTX) achieving an ACR50 response increased to 44% at both LTE-14 and LTE-24. ACR20, ACR70, and 28-joint Disease Activity Score using C-reactive protein exhibited similar response patterns as ACR50. Infections were the most commonly reported adverse events through the end of IV golimumab dosing (37% placebo + MTX, 45% golimumab, 51% golimumab + MTX) and with SC golimumab from LTE-0 through LTE-40 (35% golimumab, 36% golimumab + MTX). Concomitant MTX use yielded lower incidences of antibodies to SC golimumab and injection-related reactions.

Conclusion.

Clinical improvements observed in golimumab-treated patients were sustained or improved in patients switched from IV (2–4 mg/kg ± MTX) to open-label SC (50 mg ± MTX) golimumab. Both IV and SC golimumab demonstrated acceptable safety profiles (Clinicaltrials.govNCT00361335).
L'adolescent d'aujourd'hui, l'évolution de la famille et l'actuel malaise dans la culture
Authors: Richard François
Published: November 2011

Résumé « L’adolescent d’aujourd’hui, l’évolution de la famille et l’actuel malaise dans la culture. » Cet article propose une hypothèse originale concernant la place de l’adolescent dans la famille, en la contextualisant dans la situation actuelle d’un Malaise dans la culture à certains égards différent de celui dépeint par Freud en 1929 – caractérisée par une complicité entre les discours moralisateurs et l’inflation de la logique de la violence, ainsi que par une coalescence du Surmoi et de l’agressivité. L’accent est mis sur la spécificité d’une interpellation directe de la subjectivité de l’interlocuteur, des fonctionnements en processus primaires sans limites, du recours paradoxal à l’excitation comme désexualisante et de l’externalisation de l’intériorité psychique. À partir de là sont interrogées les évolutions actuelles de la famille : l’exemple des relations fusionnelles entre filles et mères, l’affaiblissement de la fonction paternelle mais aussi l’invention de nouvelles modalités de cette fonction.
L'adolescence et les générations
Authors: Robert Philippe , Houssier Florian
Published: November 2011

Résumé « L’adolescence et les générations. » La crise adolescente nécessite un réaménagement psychique individuel et groupal. Ce passage réinterroge la perméabilité potentielle de la frontière générationnelle. Les auteurs essaient de montrer comment l’imbrication du courant sensuel et du courant tendre fait écho dans la crise et comment ce moment réinterroge le narcissisme individuel et familial à travers le sentiment d’appartenance.
Travailler psychanalytiquement à plusieurs et avec la famille en institution
Authors: Penot Bernard
Published: November 2011

Résumé « Travailler psychanalytiquement à plusieurs et avec la famille en institution. » Il s’agit du récit succinct de la genèse du dispositif de travail analytique à plusieurs soignants adopté par l’hôpital de jour du Cerep-Montsouris à partir des années 1970. L’expérience de l’auteur en matière de psychodrame psychanalytique et de travail de synthèse en équipe a permis de comprendre les phénomènes de transferts diffractés sur plusieurs soignants autour de chaque adolescent. Cela a amené à considérer que les soignants directement impliqués sur ce mode étaient les mieux placés pour mener à bien le travail avec la famille.
Devenir candidat : quels filtres ?
Authors: Mélin-Soucramanien Ferdinand
Published: November 2011

Résumé Depuis 1962, l’élection du président de la République française a lieu au suffrage universel direct. Pour éviter un trop grand afflux de candidatures, il a fallu instaurer des filtres. Ceux-ci consistent en des conditions d’éligibilité et surtout en une exigence de présentation des candidatures par au moins cinq cents élus. L’inefficacité de ce système de sélection des candidatures, en dépit de plusieurs modifications, conduit à s’interroger sur la nécessité d’une remise en cause plus profonde du procédé de désignation du chef de l’État.
Primaires or not primaires?
Authors: Bergounioux Alain
Published: November 2011

Résumé Les élections primaires ouvertes que va organiser le Parti socialiste seront un fait nouveau dans la vie politique française. Mais leur nature exacte n’est pas encore déterminée et elles sont un objet de débat. Cela tient à ce qu’elles sont à la fois le résultat des problèmes internes du Parti socialiste et l’effet d’une conjoncture politique particulière, mais aussi le produit d’une évolution de notre démocratie et du rôle que peuvent y jouer demain les partis politiques.
The Role of Psychiatric Nurse Faculty in Establishing a Campus Suicide Prevention Program
Authors: Cook Linda J.
Published: November 2011

Suicide among college students has received increased national attention over the past few decades, partly due to the publicity regarding high-profile suicide events on college campuses throughout the United States and its territories. Currently, suicide is identified as the second-leading cause of death in college students. Due to federal legislation such as the Garrett Lee Smith Memorial Act of 2004, many college campuses have been able to establish suicide prevention programs. This article describes how a psychiatric nurse faculty member successfully established a comprehensive suicide prevention program that was initially supported by grant funds from the Garrett Lee Smith Memorial Act.
Teachers Acquisition of CALL Expertise
Authors: Sharp Steven
Published: November 2011

Research indicates that teachers need preparation in classroom based technology use, but teacher education programs do not prepare them. Nevertheless some teachers are effective with technology in language classrooms. In this paper, the author examines successes and challenges and documents how teachers succeed in developing their own expertise for technology use in language classrooms. Data collection included teacher interviews to discover successes or contradictions within the planning and implementation of technology in language classrooms. This study investigates how the choices that teachers make influence the way technology motivates student learning. These choices determine how successful they are in creating an environment free of technologically mediated contradictions. The author uses the cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) to examine the ways that teachers use technology to promote language learning. This study found that communities of practice influence how teachers can implement technology in language instruction.
“You’re a Winner”
Authors: Egbert J. , Huff Leslie
Published: November 2011

Pre-service teachers who use the Internet both for course preparation and student resources need to be aware of and also help their future students understand the influences under which the Internet operates. In this paper, the authors explore pre-service teachers’ awareness of Internet hegemonies and investigate whether and how this awareness changes after a classroom lesson, activity, and practice focused on media literacy. Qualitative methods were chosen to deeply explore the teacher education students’ ideas about, perceptions of, and process for considering the issues raised. Seventy teacher education students participated, and the data indicate that even brief exposure to media literacy principles might make a difference in the ways that teachers perceive and use computer-based media. Implications and suggestions for teacher education are noted and proposals for further research included.
Kinematic Isotropic Configuration of Spatial Cable-Driven Parallel Robots
Authors: Hadian Hamoon , Fattah Abbas
Published: November 2011

In this paper, the authors study the kinematic isotropic configuration of spatial cable-driven parallel robots by means of four different methods, namely, (i) symbolic method, (ii) geometric workspace, (iii) numerical workspace and global tension index (GTI), and (iv) numerical approach. The authors apply the mentioned techniques to two types of spatial cable-driven parallel manipulators to obtain their isotropic postures. These are a 6-6 cable-suspended parallel robot and a novel restricted three-degree-of-freedom cable-driven parallel robot. Eventually, the results of isotropic conditions of both cable robots are compared to show their applications.
Parallel Architecture Manipulators for Use in Masticatory Studies
Authors: Narayanan Madusudanan Sathia , Kannan Srikanth , Zhou Xiaobo , Mendel Frank , Krovi Venkat
Published: November 2011

There is considerable scientific and commercial interest in understanding the mechanics of mastication. In this paper, the authors develop quantitative engineering tools to enable this process by: (i) designing a general purpose mastication simulator test-bed based on parallel architecture manipulator, capable of producing the requisite motions and forces; and (ii) validating this simulator with a range of test-foods, undergoing various mastication cycles under controlled and monitored circumstances. Such an implementation provides a test bed to quantitatively characterize the mastication based on “chewability index”. Due to the inherent advantages of locating actuators at the base (ground) in terms of actuator efforts and structural rigidity as well as benefits of using prismatic sliders compared to revolute actuators, the 6-P-U-S system was chosen. A detailed symbolic kinematic analysis was then conducted. For the practical implementation of the test-bed, the analytical Jacobian was examined for singularities and the design was adapted to ensure singularity free operation. A comprehensive parametric study was undertaken to obtain optimal design parameters for desired workspace and end effector forces. Experiments captured jaw motion trajectories using the high speed motion capture system which served as an input to the hardware-in-the-loop simulator platform.
Workforce Assessment in the Jordanian ICT Industry
Authors: Al-Agtash Salem
Published: November 2011

This paper provides an assessment of workforce need in the Jordanian ICT industry. The results have shown that there is a growing workforce gap in the ICT sector. The technical skills of graduates are not satisfactory, and there is an increasing demand for skilled graduates. In addition to the technical skills required, communication skills, creative thinking, and English language skills were seen as important “soft skill elements” across all job categories and are missing in the current ICT workforce. The skills and competencies identified in this study can be used to motivate a design of an effective, flexible and relevant ICT program that can contribute to building a skillful workforce focusing on specialized and hands-on practices in ICT domains.
How IT-Enabled Services Can Help to Change our World Building Networks for the Energy-Efficient City of Tomorrow
Authors: Meyer Kyrill
Published: November 2011

How natural resources are used in modern society is considered a high-priority topic within national and international political and social debate. Increases in energy efficiency, the use of renewable energy sources and emission control are important aspects of this subject that must be considered. A deeper understanding of existing infrastructure and the willingness to change on an individual and social level are needed, while determining factors like demographic change are taken into account. This paper introduces the energy-efficient city of tomorrow as a city of socio-technical networks that interact and are a basis for energy-related optimizations. Furthermore, the authors discuss the special role that IT-enabled services can play in understanding and changing those networks. To illustrate, the authors present a service as a case study that illustrates how services can provides relevant information and help to induce change.
An Information and Cooperation Portal for Supporting Public Authorities and Organizations with Safety and Security Responsibilities Before and During Large Public Events
Authors: Frings Sandra , Remondes David López , Engelbach Wolf
Published: November 2011

Large public events are quite common and lead to peak usage of urban transport systems. Clear planning and communication processes which involve relevant parties for event management, traffic and security issues are needed due to the increasing number and complexity of events. When planning an event, overall organizational and technical issues as well as the preparation for unexpected incidents are asked for to plan for maximum safety and security. Within the research project VeRSiert1, a web-based information and cooperation portal was designed for the region of Cologne and implemented for these purposes. Its intention is to support collaboration of the participating organizations prior to, during execution and post-event analysis of a large public event, while taking into account unplanned risks ranging from storms to acts of terrorism.
INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Guglielmi Marco , Bullock Matthew , Patureau Jean-Pierre
Published: November 2011

The European Space Agency (ESA) has established a Technology Observatory to actively monitor and benchmark the evolution of space technologies worldwide in support of its space technology strategy. One of the issues that has been recently analysed is the effect of restrictions placed by national governments worldwide on the export of space technologies. In this paper, the authors discuss the main findings of this survey. Import and export restrictions and indicative space related export and import flows are mapped and analysed. In addition, space-related cooperation agreements are reviewed. Positive and negative impacts of export and impact restrictions are identified and analysed. Major space faring countries have national legislations dealing with ‘sensitive’ technologies; however, the scope and type of legislations vary widely. Diverging trends have been identified for major exporting space industries. The European space sector has experienced a large increase while its American counterpart witnessed a net decrease; countries like China, India, Japan, and Russia are more active in export activities. U.S. export regulations have had the strongest impact on shaping the world export market. The widening of the export market strengthens the impact of export restrictions in Europe.
Should Emergency Contraceptives Continue to be Available as Over the Counter Drugs?
Authors: Sukhlecha Anupama , Parmar Dinesh M.
Published: November 2011

Women have been victims of sexual abuse and rape since time immemorial. Many times these have led to unintended pregnancies, forcing many of them to undergo illegal abortions. Most of these abortions were without any aseptic techniques that many times led to morbidity or even death of the victim. A rise in use of emergency contraception (EC) is good, as it will prevent a lot of unwanted births and unsafe abortions. On the other hand, the increasing use of ECs has led to increased sexual activity amongst youngsters. There has been a rise in sexually transmitted diseases following EC use because of multiple sexual partners and avoidance of barrier method of contraception. Hence, there is a need to encourage EC, but this calls for a need for safe sexual practice and awareness campaigns so that ECs are not misused.
Psycho-Social Impact of Shift Work
Authors: Goswami Rupashree , Jena R. K. , Mahapatro B. B.
Published: November 2011

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of work related problem on shift workers’ attitude, aptitude and job satisfaction. A total of 240 shift workers in five Ferro-alloy industries of Orissa working in rotating three shift systems were participated in this study. The findings indicated that shift work has major adverse impact on psychological, social, family and conjugal life of shift worker. It has also seen that the shift work schedule curtails leisure activities, affects sleep and causes various health problems.
Ambient Assisted Living and Care in The Netherlands
Authors: van Hoof J. , Wouters E. J. M. , Marston H. R. , Vanrumste B. , Overdiep R. A.
Published: November 2011

Technology can assist older adults to remain living in the community. Within the realm of information and communication technologies, smart homes are drifting toward the concept of ambient assisted living (AAL). AAL-systems are more responsive to user needs and patterns of living, fostering physical activity for a healthier lifestyle, and capturing behaviours for prevention and future assistance. This study provides an overview of the design-requirements and expectations towards AAL-technologies that are formulated by the end-users, their relatives and health care workers, with a primary focus on health care in The Netherlands. The results concern the motivation for use of technology, requirements to the design, implementation, privacy and ethics. More research is required in terms of the actual needs of older users without dementia and their carers, and on AAL in general as some of the work included concerns less sophisticated smart home technology.
Analyzing the Lead Time and Shipping Lot-Size in a Chaotic Supply Network
Authors: Tarokh Mohammad Jafar , Golara Sina
Published: November 2011

Supply network issues recently have attracted a lot of attention from industrial practitioners and academics worldwide. Supply networks are highly complex systems. The oscillations in demand and inventory as orders pass through the system have been widely studied in literature. Studies have shown that supply networks can display some of the key characteristics of chaotic systems. Chaos theory is the study of complex, nonlinear, dynamic systems; therefore it can be useful for studying the dynamics of supply networks. In this paper the authors implemented a system dynamic approach and simulated a chaotic multi-level supply network. The authors analyzed the effects of decision parameters, delivery lead time and shipping lot-size on chaotic behavior of the whole supply network. The simulation revealed that an increment in lead times or shipping lot-size has a similar impact on chaotic behavior of the system and reduces the chance of chaotic behavior occurrence.
A Meta-Analysis Comparing Relational and Semantic Models
Authors: Siau Keng , Nah Fiona F.H. , Cao Qing
Published: November 2011

Data modeling is the sine quo non of systems development and one of the most widely researched topics in the database literature. In the past three decades, semantic data modeling has emerged as an alternative to traditional relational modeling. The majority of the research in data modeling suggests that the use of semantic data models leads to better performance; however, the findings are not conclusive and are sometimes inconsistent. The discrepancies that exist in the data modeling literature and the relatively low statistical power in the studies make meta-analysis a viable choice in analyzing and integrating the findings of these studies.
Factors Influencing E-Commerce Growth
Authors: Karimov Farhod P.
Published: November 2011

This paper presents an inter-country comparative analysis of key inhibitors and enablers affecting the diffusion of e-commerce across transition economies of Central Asia. It reveals that the combined effect of dissimilar economic, political, and technical impediments is a major underlying motive for differing e-commerce adoption patterns across these transition countries. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the issues affecting e-commerce diffusion and their implications for successful e-commerce implementation in countries undergoing the difficult process of transition to a market economy.
Are You Being Served?
Authors: Millard Jeremy
Published: November 2011

In terms of public services, governments do not yet know how to treat users as different and unique individuals. At worst, users are still considered an undifferentiated mass, or at best as segments. However, the benefits of universal personalisation in public services are within reach technologically through e-government developments. Universal personalisation will involve achieving a balance between top-down government- and data-driven services, on the one hand, and bottom-up self-directed and user-driven services on the other. There are at least three main technological, organisational and societal drivers. First, top-down data-driven, often automatic, services based on the huge data resources available in the cloud and the technologies enabling the systematic exploitation of these by governments. Second, increasing opportunities for users themselves or their intermediaries to select or create their own service environments, bottom-up, through ‘user-driven’ services, drawing directly on the data cloud. Third, a move to ‘everyday’, location-driven e-government based largely on mobile smart phones using GPS and local data clouds, where public services are offered depending on where people are as well as who they are and what they are doing. This paper examines practitioners and researchers and describes model current trends based on secondary research and literature review.
Transforming Public-Private Networks An XBRL-Based Infrastructure for Transforming Business-to-Government Information Exchange
Authors: de Winne Niels , Janssen Marijn , Bharosa Nitesh , van Wijk Remco , Hulstijn Joris
Published: November 2011

Companies are required by law to report all kinds of information to various public agencies. Since most public agencies are autonomous and define their information demands independent of each other, companies have to report information to various agencies in different ways. Accordingly, governments are initiating programs that aim to transform business-to government information exchange to reduce the administrative burden for companies and improve the accountability at the same time. Yet little research is available on the type of transformations needed and the role of the infrastructure. Drawing on a case study, this paper investigates the interplay between technical infrastructure and transformation. In this case study an information brokerage infrastructure based on the Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) was developed providing a one stop shop for companies and public agencies. The case study shows that the infrastructure should be flexible enough to accommodate changes over time but stable enough to attract a large user-base. The increase in efficiency and effectiveness of information exchange processes requires extensive transformation from both public and private parties.
Ubiquitous Computing for Personalized Decision Support in Emergency
Authors: Smirnov Alexander , Levashova Tatiana , Shilov Nikolay , Kashevnik Alexey
Published: November 2011

Ubiquitous computing opens new possibilities in various aspects of human activities. The paper proposes an approach to emergency situation response that benefits from the ubiquitous computing. The approach is based on utilizing profiles to facilitate the coordination of the activities of the emergency response operation members. The major approach underlying idea is to represent the operation members jointly with information sources as a network of services that can be configured via negotiation of participating parties. Such elements as profile structure, role-based emergency response, negotiation scenarios, and negotiation protocols are described in detail.
Information Security Awareness in Academia
Authors: Korovessis Peter
Published: November 2011

Information security has become an established discipline as more and more businesses realize its value. Many surveys have indicated the importance of protecting valuable information and an important aspect that must be addressed in this regard is information security awareness. The academic sector is one that regularly addresses information security awareness. Because many successful security intrusions are the result of either social engineering or user complacency, there is a need for students in non IT-related disciplines to become as security literate as possible. The proposed research investigates the level of security awareness amongst the online population. For this reason sample data from a university environment was used in order to examine the state of information security awareness in the academic sector and investigate the awareness needs of students. Since information technology grows at a rapid pace, it is important for the academic sector to identify new trends and developments in information security and adapt the curricula appropriately.
Cataloguing and Searching Musical Sound Recordings in an Ontology-Based Information System
Authors: Albuquerque Marcelo de O. , Siqueira Sean Wolfgand M. , Braz Maria Helena L.B>
Published: November 2011

Although a lot of information is available worldwide, getting the right piece of information is challenging. In addition, integrating information from different sources is still very complicated. To make the different information systems to interoperate, it is necessary to provide common knowledge structures. Ontologies have been developed for making the semantics of a domain explicit. However, using such formal structures is not straightforward and their benefits are not clear to the users. The work presented in this paper explores the use of an ontology for musical sound recordings in order to allow cataloguing and searching for such information. Therefore it investigates how the knowledge society can benefit from ontologies, with focus on the culture, more specifically the music domain. Some possible benefits and pitfalls are also described and a case study shows an evaluation of the proposed approach by users of this domain.
A Novel Strategy for Recommending Multimedia Objects and its Application in the Cultural Heritage Domain
Authors: Albanese Massimiliano , d’Acierno Antonio , Moscato Vincenzo , Persia Fabio , Picariello Antonio
Published: November 2011

One of the most important challenges in the information access field, especially for multimedia repositories, is information overload. To cope with this problem, in this paper, the authors present a strategy for a recommender system that computes customized recommendations for users’ accessing multimedia collections, using semantic contents and low-level features of multimedia objects, past behaviour of individual users, and social behaviour of the users’ community as a whole. The authors implement their strategy in a recommender prototype for browsing image digital libraries in the Cultural Heritage domain. They then investigate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, based on the users’ satisfaction. The preliminary experimental results show that the approach is promising and encourages further research in this direction.
The Application of Data Mining to Evaluate the Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Treatment Modalities in a National Medicare Database
Authors: Sharkey Phoebe D. , Hsu Wesley , Batra Sachin , Rigamonti Daniele
Published: November 2011

This paper reports on a case study applying data mining techniques to large Medicare claims databases to discover insights related to the comparative cost effectiveness of two alternative treatment modalities for treating brain tumors in the elderly. The authors evaluate the cost effectiveness of open surgery, radiosurgery, or a combination of the two. The study applies data mining algorithms including data preparation, classification, association, and predictive modeling techniques to reveal insights into the costs of alternative health care practice patterns. The results suggest radiosurgery appears to be less costly compared to surgical resection in the Medicare-eligible population. The authors also identified the fact that African Americans comprised a smaller percentage of patients receiving radiosurgery. The study demonstrates that data mining methods can be applied to large complex Medicare claims files to identify and extract undiscovered knowledge to guide medical decision making and public policy.
Boundary Critique and Stakeholder Collaboration in Open Source Software Migration
Authors: Jokonya Osden , Hardman Stan
Published: November 2011

This paper investigates the contribution of stakeholder collaboration during an open source software migration using a case study. The case study is based on the Presidential National Commission, a South African government department that migrated from proprietary software to open source software in 2007. The organization was one of the few that migrated to open source software as part of a South African government initiative. The case study consisted of semi-structured interviews with the participants involved in the migration. The interviews centered on the contribution of stakeholder collaboration during the software migration using a boundary critique. The results suggest that stakeholder collaboration can contribute to open source software migration. From a managerial perspective, business leaders must understand the value of stakeholder collaboration in open source software migration. Boundary critique can be an important tool for achieving broader collaboration of stakeholders.
Not Ready for Prime Time
Authors: Jensen Jostein , Jaatun Martin Gilje
Published: November 2011

Model Driven Development (MDD) is by many considered a promising approach for software development. This article reports the results of a systematic survey to identify the state-of-the-art within the topic of security in model driven development, with a special focus on finding empirical studies. The authors provide an introduction to the major secure MDD initiatives, but the survey shows that there is a lack of empirical work on the topic. The authors conclude that better standardization initiatives and more empirical research in the field is necessary before it can be considered mature.
FTT
Authors: Ying Ming , Miller James
Published: November 2011

Forms are a common part of web applications. They provide a method for the user to interact with the web application. However, forms in traditional applications require entire web pages to be refreshed every time they are submitted. This model is inefficient and should be replaced with Ajax-enabled forms. Ajax is a set of web development technologies that enables web applications to behave more like desktop applications, thus allowing a richer, more interactive and more efficient model for interactions between the user and the web application. This paper presents a refactoring system called Form Transformation Tool (FTT) to assist web programmers refactor traditional forms into Ajax-enabled forms while ensuring that functionality before and after refactoring is preserved.
Determination and Evaluation of Aluminum Contents in Flour Products
Authors: Xu Xi Lin , Jiang Qing Jun
Published: November 2011

.Various breads, pastries, fried bread stick, shrimp cracker, buns and other food samples were collected to detect the content of aluminum according to the method of CAS S-spectrophotometry from national standard GB 5009.182-2003, and health evaluation of flour products was carried out in accordance with GB2762-2005 "Standards of limit pollutants in food " (Al ≤ 100 mg/kg). 285 samples were qualified from 330 flour products, and the total qualified rate was 86.36%, and the content of aluminum content ranged from﹤0.5mg/kg to 255.1mg/kg. The content of aluminum of some samples like home-made steamed bread, stuffed buns, fried bread stick from canteens, small shops and supermarkets was higher than 100 mg/kg, in the range of 3.6-255.1, 28.0-217.2,7.6-185.8 mg/kg, and the qualified rate was 46.2%、61.1% and 35.3% respectively; The quality of other packaged food such as crackers, potato chips and so on was good.
The Co-Metabolic Biodegradation Kinetic Models of a Chlorinated Alkene with Mutagenicity, Carcinogenicity and Teratogenicity by Two Strains of Aerobic Bacteria
Authors: Shang Hai Tao , Yang Qi , Zhang Yang
Published: November 2011

Purpose 1,1-DCE is a environmental pollutant of mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and teratogenicity. This paper studied the biodegradation of 1,1-DCE by two strains of aerobic bacteria which use benzene as co-metabolic substrate. Procedures First the two strains were activated, then through batch experiments, the residual concentrations of 1,1-DCE were monitored. Methods The biodegradation rates were determined, and the varying trends of the biodegradation rates with the initial concentrations were fitted by some kinetic models. Results The biodegradation kinetics of 1,1-DCE by the strain DB–I fits Monod Model, the corresponding parameters are νmax=0.015h-1, Ks＝10.18 mg·L-1, while the biodegradation kinetics by strain DB-M fits Haldane Model, and the parameters respectively are νmax=0.0063h-1, Ks=4.55mg·L-1，Ki=13.09mg·L-1. Conclusion The specific substrate removal rate constant of 1,1-DCE by strain DB–I is higher than that of strain DB–M, and they are both higher than those of the studies performed by other authors.
A Contact-Free Monitor of Human’S Vital Signs
Authors: Lu Guo Hua , Fang Fang , Jing Xi Jing , Yu Xiao , Wang Jian Qi
Published: November 2011

Heart rates and breathing rates are widely used to assess the health state of human in clinic. Tranditional method uses eletrodes or sensors touching the body to measure electrocardiography (ECG) and respiratory signals.A vital signs monitor via a micorwave sensor was disscused to contact-free measurement of the heart rate and breathing rate. Comparison of vital signs derived from the microwave sensor and tranditional contact monitor demonstrated that there were no significant differences between each other, which suggested the contact-free vital signs monitor may prove a practical alternative method to measure heart rate and breathing rate.
The Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pentacyclic Triterpenes In Vitro
Authors: Bai Li Ming , Meng Fan Xu , Zhao Li Jie , Zhao Ming
Published: November 2011

The Anti-inflammatory activity of pentacyclic triterpenes, oleananes (1,2), urasanes (3-11), lupanes (12,13), taraxasteranes (14,15), which isolated from Nerium oleander L, were examined. Ursolic acid (5) showed significant activity and compounds (1, 12) and (14) showed weak to modelate activity toward inhibitory activity on ICAM-1 expression.
Synthesis,Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity of Quaternized of N-Aromatic Chitosan Derivatives
Authors: Han Yong Ping , Lin Qiang
Published: November 2011

The quaternized of N-aryl chitosan (CTS) derivatives containing different aromatic moieties were synthesized by two steps, N-aromatic Schiff and the quaternization. The chemical structures of all chitosan derivatives, N-vanillin Schiff’s base chitosan (NVCh), N-cinnamaldehyde Schiff’s base chitosan (NCCh), N-benzaldehyde Schiff’s base CTS (NBCh), and their quaternized of N-aromatic CTS derivatives were characterized by ATR-FTIR. The water solubility of the N-aromatic Schiff’s base CTS derivatives had very poor water solubility. But after quaternized, the water solubility of CTS derivatives was obviously improved. The antibacterial studies of these CTS derivatives were carried out by the inhibition zone diameters methods against E.coli (Gram-negative), S.aurueus and P.aeruginosa (Gram-positive) bacteria, and against V.Aspergillus niger (fungal). It was found that the quaternized NVSCTS showed higher antibacterial activity than quaternized NCCh and quaternized NVBCh at the almost same DQ and ES level. In comparison to each of the chemical structure, it was found that the phenol hydroxyl group effect on antibacterial activity was even higher than that of positive charge density of CTS.