bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“From farm to garden” – Pesticides drift from farmlands to private gardens: a survey in Verona (Italy) in the years 2021-2022
Authors: Beghini Giovanni , Danieli Giacomo , Marcolungo Claudia , Caobelli Renzo , Biggeri Annibale
Published: June 2024

A study in Veneto, Northern Italy, revealed significant pesticide exposure in residential gardens near vineyards and agricultural zones, showing over 70% of sampled gardens each year had detectable pesticide levels, contrary to expectations. Despite safety measures and EU guidelines, findings suggest inadequate protection against pesticide drift, with notable detections of Folpet-phthalimide among others. The research, encompassing various agricultural settings in Verona province, involved a detailed cross-sectional survey over 2021 and 2022, assessing pesticide dispersion through leaf sampling. The study found that over 70% of the sampled gardens each year contained one or more pesticides where none should be present. The median number of pesticides detected was 2 in 2021 and 1 in 2022. No significant differences were observed in pesticide presence between the July 2021 and July 2022 samples, or across the different months in 2022. Folpet-phthalimide was the most detected pesticide. Additionally, a small percentage of samples near cultivated fields contained pesticides with established toxicity, violating regional regulations, while a significant portion within 30 meters contained pesticides with potential but unconfirmed toxicity. The study advocates for stricter enforcement of pesticide regulations, increased community engagement in monitoring, and alignment with broader European environmental strategies to ensure a balanced approach to agricultural productivity and public health.
Large Scale Multimodal Fashion Care Recognition
Authors: Su Mingyue , Wang Zhongfei
Published: June 2024

Smart Fashion is reshaping people's lives, and affects people's choices and outfits. Existing computer-vision-enabled fashion technology has covered many aspects, such as fashion detection, fashion recognition, fashion segmentation, virtual fitting, fashion recommendation and fashion compatibility, etc. However, there is a gap in the direction of intelligent care. The care process is closely related to the lifetime of clothing, and also plays a very important role in the health and well-being of humans. The care label inside the clothing indicates the recommended care operation, which usually contains multiple care symbols and multilingual textual descriptions. Repeated washing can lead to fading and deformation of labels. Care label recognition is a challenging task in the wild scene. In this paper, we propose a strong multi-modal multi-task baseline (abbreviated as MMFC), which combines image features and text features into a united framework. The Modality Mutual Transformation Module (MMTM) is employed to enhance the feature fusion. We refine the alignment of different modality features utilizing the methodology of contrastive learning and feature mapping. The lack of care label datasets has limited the development of intelligent care. Therefore, we introduce a new high-quality large-scale dataset called FashionCare, which has 30,477 images, a total of 157,907 fashion care symbols, six major categories, 66 subcategories and textual description. To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale dataset of care label. Extensive experiments on FashionCare show the effectiveness of MMFC. In order to demonstrate the few-shot recognition performance of MMFC, we build a sub-dataset called FashionCare-LT by constructing the tail subcategories. Both quantitative and qualitative results show that MMFC possesses exceptional few-shot recognition capabilities. We believe that FashionCare can also be further explored to benefit more fashion related tasks, such as the care analysis of different materials and fashion types. We also hope that FashionCare can serve as a new benchmark for large-scale fine-grained multimodal learning, and contribute to the development of multimodal recognition, understanding and analysis.
Environmental and socio-economic impacts of the changes in distribution areas of Pinus pinea L. (stone pine) due to climate change in Türkiye
Authors: Karayol Merve , Akyol Ayhan
Published: June 2024

In this study, present and future distributions of stone pine due to climate changes were modeled with MaxEnt. CNRM ESM2-1 climate model and bioclimatic variables obtained from the WorldClim database were used as climate models. As climate scenarios, SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5 climate change scenarios and 2041–2060 and 2081–2100 periods were used. Pearson Correlation analysis was performed to prevent high correlation in bioclimatic variables and the multicollinearity problem was eliminated by reducing 19 bioclimatic variables to 9 variables. The contribution of bioclimatic variables to the model was determined by the Jackknife test. To determine the spatial and locational differences between the present and future potential distributions estimated for the species, an analysis of change was conducted. According to the findings of the study, our model has a very high predictive power and the Jackknife test results, the bioclimatic variables BIO19, BIO6, and BIO4 contribute the most to the model. Our prediction model predicts that the distribution area of stone pine will decrease, shifting northward and towards higher altitudes. We believe that this will lead to increased risk of forest fires, loss of ecosystem services, and reduced income from stone pine. For these reasons, benefit from stone pine need to take into account the effects of climate change in their land use planning and give importance to climate change adaptation efforts. These maps, created with current and future predictions of potential habitat distribution, can be use in afforestation, ecological restoration, rural development, conservation, and all kinds of land use studies.
Abundance of Microplastics in Mangrove Sediments on Pari Island, Jakarta Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Nugraheni Intan Kusumastuti , Zamani Neviaty Putri , Cordova Muhammad Reza
Published: June 2024

Mangroves can become traps for plastic waste, so plastic waste has a long residence time and then fragments into microplastics and settles in mangrove sediments. The health level of mangroves will impact other ecosystems, such as seagrass and coral reefs. This research aims to identify microplastics in the mangrove sediments of Pari Island, Jakarta Bay, based on their shape, colour, size and chemical composition, and compare the microplastics distribution at different sampling times. The samples obtained were mangrove sediments from Pari Island, Jakarta Bay, in September 2021, representing the transition season, and January 2022, representing the western season. The stages of this research include measuring mangrove cover and health levels, microplastic extraction and microplastic identification. Microplastic extraction was done by adding ZnCl2, followed by 30% H2O2 and FeSO4 7H2O. Quality control was performed to minimize contamination in the field and laboratory. Visual identification using a microscope produces microplastics with dominant forms, namely fragments and fibres, with the dominant colours being black, red, transparent and blue and the size being dominated by the <200 μm size group. Ethylene propylene, Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polyurethane, and Polyethylene are the four most abundant polymers in this study. The Kruskall-Wallis U test with a result of 0.4386 (> 0.05) shows that the abundance of microplastics in the west and transition seasons is insignificant. Spearman correlation test results show p-value = 0.6036 (<95%) and rho = 0.2182179; microplastic abundance has a significant relationship with the Mangrove Health Index (MHI).
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children with Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA: Single Center Experience
Authors: Yalcin Koray , Uygun Vedat , Hismi Burcu Ozturk , Celen Suna , Öztürkmen Seda , Zhumatayev Suleimen , Daloglu Hayriye , Karasu Gulsun , Yesilipek Akif
Published: June 2024

Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (MPS IVA; Morquio syndrome) is a lysosomal storage disorder and features systemic skeletal dysplasia that is caused by defective Nacetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS). Although there are convincing data for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in certain types of MPS, the studies are limited for MPS IVA and more data is still pending to show the efficacy/safety of HSCT. This study included 3 girls and 7 boys with MPS IVA who underwent allogeneic HSCT between February 12, 2021, and March 10, 2023. Enzyme levels, height growth, the most involved organs (ear, eye, and heart), and the activities of daily living (ADL) scoring system were monitored to assess the benefit of HSCT. In a median follow-up of 20 months (9–34 months), there is no severe transplant-related adverse event was observed. In all cases, normal enzyme levels were reached after HSCT. During the short follow-up period, our cases showed an increase in stature and improvement in daily activity functions. Here we present the data of our HSCT experience in MPS IVA with promising results regarding both safety and efficacy. We need more data and long-term follow-up to comment properly on the benefits of HSCT in MPS IVA.
Intervention for School Anxiety and Absenteeism (ISAAC): Mixed-method feasibility study of a coach-assisted, parent-focused online program
Authors: McDonald Brontë , Tunks Alice , Michelson Daniel , Lester Kathryn J.
Published: June 2024

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic has seen an increase in persistent school absenteeism and Emotionally-Based School Avoidance (EBSA). However, suitable evidence-based psychological interventions are often unavailable. We aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability and potential impacts of a new parent-focused online program, Intervention for School Anxiety and Absenteeism (ISAAC), which has been co-designed with parents and practitioners. This exploratory mixed-method study recruited participants from three schools in southern England, enrolling N = 9 parents for whom an index child, aged 5–11 years, was experiencing signs of EBSA. The intervention consisted of three web-based psychoeducational modules respectively addressing parental stress, accommodating behaviors, and communication with school staff. Module completion was assisted by weekly calls with a non-specialist “coach.” Feasibility was measured using indicators of retention, module participation, overall program completion and coaching fidelity. Acceptability was assessed using semi-structured interviews, module ratings and written qualitative feedback. We also collected parent-reported measures of children’s school avoidance, absences, anxiety, parental stress, accommodating behaviors, and quality of parent-school communication. Overall, the intervention was feasible to deliver to parents with six (67%) participants completing the full intervention. Participants found the intervention acceptable across thematic domains of affective attitude, burden, coherence, self-efficacy and perceived effectiveness. Participants particularly appreciated the coach’s support. Outcomes were small to moderate with the largest effects observed on school avoidance (d = 0.51) and family accommodations (d = 0.53). In conclusion, ISAAC shows early promise with the potential to deliver scalable online support for families affected by emerging EBSA. Future research should move toward establishing effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial.
In silico analysis and validation the cancer- associated fibroblasts related gene CAMK4 promotes bladder cancer progression
Authors: Su Xiaokang , Guo Yi , Li Youkong
Published: June 2024

Background:Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are crucial in the regulation of cancer cell biological properties through complex and dynamic communication networks. However, the mechanism of action of CAFs in bladder cancer (BCa) remains elusive.
Results:This study integrated transcriptome data from multiple datasets and constructed an ensemble of genes associated with CAFs through a series of algorithms. It further categorized BCa into two molecular subtypes, distinguished by their immune cell infiltration and immune-related characteristics. CAMK4 was subsequently selected for further validation, and it was found that CAMK4 promoted the tumor-promoting ability of BCa specifically in terms of proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacities and also facilitated the development of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
Conclusions: To sum up, our signature and its derived subtype facilitates a more accurate identification of potential candidates for immunotherapy among BCa patients. In addition, CAMK4 may be a promising target for BCa therapy.
Multiple biventricular intracardiac thrombi an unusual finding in peripartum cardiomyopathy: A case report
Authors: Edwin Gidion , Mbishi Yohana , Alphonce Baraka , Meda John
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare form of heart failure occurring during late pregnancy or within five months postpartum, its etiology remaining elusive. While typically characterized by left ventricular dysfunction, it may present with intracardiac thrombi, raising the risk of systemic embolization. Here, we report an unusual case of PPCM featuring biventricular intracardiac thrombi, highlighting the importance of a thorough investigation for potential underlying causes.
Case presentation:
This is a case of a black African, multiparous woman aged 44 years with an unremarkable past medical history, who presented with symptoms suggestive of acute heart failure five months after her last delivery. A 2D Transthoracic Echocardiography showed multiple biventricular intracardiac thrombi, a rare complication of PPCM without a systemic embolic event. Further, laboratory tests for evidence of a hypercoagulable state came out negative. Treatment involved a combination of acute heart failure, and anticoagulation followed by optimal medical therapy for chronic heart failure, resulting in improved symptoms for heart failure, cardiac function, and significant thrombi resolution after 8 weeks.
Conclusion
Multiple biventricular intracardiac thrombi are uncommon finding in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM), emphasizing the need for vigilant diagnosis and management. Despite the absence of identifiable secondary causes, prompt management of acute heart failure and anticoagulation led to significant thrombi resolution and improved cardiac function. This case highlighted the significance of the complex management of PPCM, in an individualized manner.
Beyond Arrays: Leveraging Whole Genome Sequencing to provide insights into Type 1 Diabetes risk in the population
Authors: Arni Ankit M , Fraser Diane P , Sharp Seth A , Oram Richard A , Johnson Matthew B , Weedon Michael N , Patel Kashyap A
Published: June 2024

A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score (T1DGRS) aids diagnosis and prediction of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). While traditionally derived from imputed array genotypes, Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) provides a more direct approach and is used increasingly in research studies. We aim to assess differences between WGS-based T1DGRS and array-based T1DGRS, focusing on variations across genetic ancestries. We generated 67-variant T1DGRS from 149,265 individuals from UK Biobank with WGS, TOPMed-imputed, and 1000 Genomes-imputed array genotypes. WGS-based T1DGRS showed strong correlation to GRS from TOPMed-imputed array genotypes (r = 0.99), with a slightly lower mean (-0.0028 SD, p < 10− 31). Correlation was lower in both non-European populations and GRS from 1000 Genomes-imputed array genotypes (r ranging between 0.95–0.98). This can lead to between 6–29% re-categorisation of individuals at clinical risk thresholds using the array-based GRS in non-European populations. Compared to Europeans, WGS-based T1DGRS was much lower for African and South Asian populations. In conclusion, WGS is a viable approach for generating T1DGRS and TOPMed-imputed genotypes offer a cost-effective alternative. The observed variations in T1DGRS at the population-level among different genetic ancestries cautions against indiscriminate use of European-centric T1DGRS risk thresholds in clinical practice and advocates the need for ancestry-specific or pan-ancestry standards.
Analysis on spatial-temporal difference evolution of regional tourism economy in Sichuan Province
Authors: ZHAO JING , Omar Shida Irwana
Published: June 2024

In recent years, with the rapid development of China's tourism industry, promoting the coordinated development of regions and optimizing the spatial layout of tourism have become the focus of academic and government attention. This paper takes 21 prefecture-level cities (autonomous prefectures) in Sichuan Province as the research object, takes 2012-2022 as the research period, selects 9 evaluation indicators related to the development of tourism industry and its influence on tourism development, uses entropy method to calculate the weight of the index system, and establishes the evaluation index system of regional tourism economy in Sichuan Province. Then, the absolute difference and relative difference research methods are used to explore the temporal evolution characteristics of regional tourism economy in Sichuan Province, and the gravity center model is used to analyze the spatial evolution characteristics of regional tourism economy in Sichuan Province from the whole level with the help of geographical detector model. Finally, the factors of regional tourism economic differences in Sichuan Province are analyzed. The results show that in the study range, the absolute difference of regional tourism economy in Sichuan Province has been increasing from 2012 to 2019, but the two differences have a downward trend in 2020 and after; The relative difference of tourism economy in Sichuan province is small, but the Gini coefficient and weighted coefficient of variation are high, which indicates that the development of regional tourism economy in Sichuan Province is extremely unbalanced. The development of regional tourism economy in Sichuan province has been in a state of polarization, especially in Chengdu. The regional tourism economic difference in Sichuan province is the result of multiple factors. The research finds that talent, innovation ability and tourism service facilities are the core influencing factors.
The integration and associated challenges of Mental Health Competencies in Undergraduate Nursing Education: A scoping review
Authors: Chukwuere Precious Chibuike , Zenani Nombulelo Esme , Mthimunye Katlego , Godbold Rosemary , Shahrour Ghada
Published: June 2024

Background: Educational institutions play a pivotal role in meeting healthcare needs by educating future professional nurses and other healthcare professionals. However, nursing education encounters challenges such as insufficient competencies among graduates, and a gap in theory-practice integration in the curriculum. The aim of this scoping was to identify and map out the existing literature on the integration of Mental Health Competencies in undergraduate Nursing Education and associated challenges.
Methods: This scoping review was conducted in line with the framework outlined by Arksey and O’Malley. The electronic databases of CINHAL, MedLine,Scopus, Science Direct, and Emerald Insight were used for peer-reviewed articles related to the subject topic using English search terms. Two authors independently reviewed the identified articles that met the inclusion criteria. The screening and selection process was conducted in the following phases: Firstly, the search results were imported into EPPI reviewer software, and duplicates were removed through the use of the software's built-in function. Secondly, careful screening of the titles and abstracts of all imported studies was followed based on the inclusion criteria. Thirdly, the reference list of the identified articles was screened to foster a comprehensive coverage of evidence. Full-text screening was conducted for all the identified articles and the research team carefully scrutinized this process. From 717 articles obtained from the literature, 17 were selected for critique and synthesis.
Results: The initial literature search generated 717 articles. Upon identification and careful screening, 17 eligible articles were included for data synthesis. Two key themes were reported: Integrating Mental Health Competencies in Undergraduate Nursing Education and Challenges to integrating Mental Health Competencies in undergraduate Nursing Education,
Conclusion: The findings of this scoping review indicated that various efforts are being made toward integrating mental health nursing into undergraduate nursing education. However, these efforts are constantly confronted by different challenges such as societal stigma, patient behaviours, unequal student contributions in group work activities, and difficulties in understanding patients' symptoms. Meaningful efforts should be made towards addressing these challenges to better prepare future nurses with the necessary mental health competence.
Retrospective study of clinical outcomes with hydrocortisone versus indomethacin prophylaxis in preterm neonates
Authors: Gerges Sandra , Mara Danielle , Maharaj Krishanta , Weisz Dany , Dunn Michael , Kiss Alex
Published: June 2024

Objective
Indomethacin and hydrocortisone prophylaxis may improve clinical outcomes when administered to extremely preterm neonates. However, they cannot be administered together and there is limited evidence to support which therapy may be most beneficial.
Study Design:
A retrospective matched cohort study was conducted in neonates less than 28 weeks gestational age (GA) and birth weight less than 1000 grams who received prophylaxis with indomethacin or hydrocortisone. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate clinical outcomes.
Results
Among 177 neonates, 40 treated with prophylactic hydrocortisone were matched with 137 neonates treated with prophylactic indomethacin. Indomethacin-treated neonates had significantly lower incidence of PDA, PDA requiring surgical closure, late-onset sepsis, and higher rates of survival without oxygen supplementation at discharge. There was no difference in mortality, BPD, NEC, or IVH.
Conclusion
When compared to hydrocortisone, indomethacin prophylaxis was associated with more favorable outcomes.
Identification and characterization of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua in bovine listeriosis cases in Uruguay
Authors: Matto Carolina , Rivero Rodolfo , Mota María Inés , Braga Valeria , Gianneechini Ruben Edgardo , Varela Gustavo
Published: June 2024

In Uruguay and other countries of southern South America, listeriosis in cattle has been described, often relying solely on histological lesions for diagnosis. This study aimed to: i) analyze a case-series of bovine listeriosis in Uruguay diagnosed through combined pathological and bacteriological methods and, ii) characterize the isolated Listeria strains. From 2014 to 2022, twelve cases were diagnosed. Eleven presented as neurolisteriosis, while one involved a third-trimester abortion. These events primarily occurred in spring (9 cases) and winter (3), affecting individual adult cattle (> 2 years old) on both beef and dairy farms. Interestingly, 5/12 cases (42%) had no prior history of silage feeding. Histopathological examination of neurolisteriosis cases revealed suppurative meningoencephalitis with brainstem microabscesses. The aborted fetus had hepatitis and necrosuppurative nephritis. Listeria was isolated from 11/12 cases: 8 L. monocytogenes and 3 non-hemolytic L. innocua. The identified L. monocytogenes serotypes were 4b (n = 6) and 1/2a (n = 2), which are commonly reported in humans and animals worldwide. Importantly, all L. monocytogenes isolates possessed the inlA gene, a key virulence factor, while none of the L. innocua isolates did. This study highlights the importance of Listeria isolation for characterizing circulating strains and gaining deeper insights into the agent and epidemiology of listeriosis in ruminants of South America.
Integrating Transfer Learning with Scalogram Analysis for Blood Pressure Estimation from PPG Signals
Authors: Subramanian Shyamala , Mishra Sashikala , Patil Shruti , Kolekar Maheshkumar H , Ortiz-Rodriguez Fernando
Published: June 2024

The blood pressure estimation plays a crucial role in assessing cardiovascular health and preventing related complications. One of early warning indicators for heart disorders is elevated blood pressure. Thus, monitoring of blood pressure continuously is needed. This paper provides a novel transfer learning approach for blood pressure estimation using photoplethysmography from the publicly available database namely MIMIC-II. The Continuous Wavelet Transform was used to transform the PPG signals into scalograms, which were then input into six different deep learning models: VGG16, ResNet50, InceptionV3, NASNetLarge, InceptionResNetV2 and ConvNeXtTiny. The obtained deep features from each one of these models were employed to estimate BP values using Random Forest. The models were assessed using mean absolute error and standard deviation in estimating the systolic and diastolic blood pressure values. Out of six models, ConvNeXtTiny and VGG16 proved to be particularly challenging, resulting in the mean absolute error (MAE) of 2.95 mmHg and 4.11 mmHg for systolic blood pressure respectively, and standard deviation of 1.66 mmHg and 2.60 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure, respectively. The achieved result complies with the clinical standards set by Advancement of Medical Instrumentation Standard and the British Hypertension Society standard. The suggested method shows that reliable Blood Pressure estimation from photoplethysmography signals is possible with the use of deep learning and transfer learning. Above all, ConvNeXtTiny offers a dependable method for continuous blood pressure monitoring that satisfies clinical requirements and may help in the early identification of cardiovascular problems.
­­COVID-19 and mental distress among health professionals in eight European countries during the third wave: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Dechent Frieder , Mayer Gwendolyn , Hummel Svenja , Steffen Moritz , Benoy Charles , Almeida Rosa , Duran Raquel Losada , Ribeiro Oscar , Frisardi Vincenza , Tarricone Ilaria , Ferrari Silvia , Lemogne Cedric , Huber Christian , Weidt Steffi , Schultz Jobst-Hendrik
Published: June 2024

Even during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic health professionals were facing mental health challenges. The aim of this study was to examine the mental health of doctors, nurses and other professional groups in Europe and to identify differences between the professional groups. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in 8 European countries. We asked for demographic data, whether the participants were exposed to COVID-19 at work, for main information sources about the pandemic, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), and major stressors. A MANCOVA was carried out to find predictors of mental health among health care professionals. The sample (N = 1,398) consisted of 237 physicians, 459 nurses, and 351 other healthcare professionals and 351 non-medical professionals with no direct involvement in patient care. The mean mental health of all groups was affected to a mild degree. Major predictors were profession group for depression and anxiety with higher scores especially in the group of the nurses and for the group working directly with COVID-patients. In the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the psychological burden on health professionals has remained high, with being nurse and working directly with COVID19 patients being particular risk factors for mental distress. We found as a main result that that nurses scored significantly higher on depression and anxiety than practitioners.
Towards more reliable gambling cost estimates, a population-based study with register-linkage
Authors: Latvala Tiina A. , Rockloff Matthew , Browne Matthew , Roukka Tomi , Lintonen Tomi P. , Salonen Anne H.
Published: June 2024

Background: Although past research has shown a strong association between gambling participation and harms, relatively few studies have attempted to quantify the cost of these harms to society. The need to quantify costs has been identified in several countries, however, no consensus exists in the field of gambling studies on how one should estimate them.
Methods: Three methods were selected for costs calculations: Causality adjustment factors (with two variations: CAF 80%/ CAF 50%), Excess costs, and a method based on Bayes' Theorem. Our purpose was not to examine the overall costs of gambling, but rather to evaluate different approaches for one specific outcome. Our focus was on indirect costs relating to productivity losses associated with long-term work disability in those aged 18–64 years who had experienced gambling problems before long-term work disability had started. Work disability was operationalized as the net days of sickness absence and disability pension. The study used population-based Gambling Harms survey and the survey data were linked with the register data.
Results: These three methods gave very different estimates on costs relating to productivity losses associated past problem gambling. The Excess cost method gave the highest estimate of 127.04 million euros (25.94 Int$/adult) followed by the Causality adjustment method (CAF80%) of 56.97 million euros (11.63 Int$/adult) and CAF 50% with 35.61 million euros (7.27 Int$/adult). The method based on Bayes' Theorem gave the lowest estimate of the cost at 8.57 million euros (1.75 Int$/adult).
Conclusions: Methods commonly used in gambling cost studies yield higher estimates of gambling costs when arbitrary causality adjustment methods are used. Bayes’ theorem allows leveraging data on temporal patterns of gambling problems to estimate the plausible proportion where gambling is the precipitating factor for the experienced harm, rather than the other way around. Additionally, costs could be presented as Int$ per adult using the PPP exchange rate to facilitate the comparison of gambling costs between countries.
The Consequences of Servicescape of Live-streaming on Luxury Goods Purchase Intention
Authors: Yu Junying , Gao Jing , Guo Jiarui
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the influence of the servicescape in live-streaming on consumer buying behavior regarding luxury goods. We examine the mediating role of perceived value and consumer trust, considering the prior luxury purchasing experience of consumers. Additionally, we explore the interplay between the live-streaming servicescape and conspicuous consumption in shaping the perceived luxury value. Our findings reveal intriguing results: Perceived value mediates the relationship between servicescape and purchase intention for consumers without prior luxury purchase experience, while consumer trust does not exhibit a mediating effect. Conversely, for individuals with prior luxury purchase experience, the mediating effect is reversed. Furthermore, we identify the interplay between the live-streaming servicescape and conspicuous consumption as a moderator of perceived value. These insights indicate that luxury brands can strategically enhance their live-streaming servicescape to cater to different consumer segments and strengthen their marketing endeavors. Overall, this study contributes valuable insights into the servicescape theory in the context of live-streaming.
Cardiometabolic Risk Phenotypes and Chronic Kidney Disease Incidence in Older Adults：A Nationwide Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Zeng Zhihe , Xiao Zhaoyang
Published: June 2024

Background
There is mixed evidence for an association between cardiometabolic risk factors and chronic kidney disease risk (CKD). This study aimed to determine whether different latent classes of cardiometabolic conditions were associated with chronic kidney disease risk.
Method
Data from 7,195 participants in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analyzed. Latent class analysis was performed using data on obesity, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis or rheumatism, and systemic inflammatory conditions and heart disease. Confounder-adjusted multiple logistic regressions were conducted to estimate CKD incidence by cardiometabolic latent classes.
Results
Three cardiometabolic classes were identified: relatively healthy cardiometabolic (RHC) phenotype, metabolic syndrome (MetS) phenotype, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) phenotype, which accounted for 66.2%, 19.9%, and 13.8%, respectively. The incidence of CKD was 12.7% in the CVD group, 9.4% in the MetS group, and 5.9% in the RHC group. After adjusting for confounding factors, it was found that the metabolic syndrome type had a 54% increased risk of newly diagnosed CKD compared to the healthy heart type (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.22–1.93), while the cardiovascular type increased by 104% (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.61–2.57).
Conclusion
Different cardiometabolic phenotypes are associated with an increased risk of new-onset CKD. Gender and age are important factors influencing the strength of this association.
OutProFeed-Italy: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Routine Outcome Monitoring and Feedback Informed Psychotherapy
Authors: Compare Angelo , Tona Antonino La , Masella Cristina , Olive Mattia Vincenzo , Brugnera Agostino , Carcione Antonino , Pievani Luca , Poletti Barbara , Tasca Giorgio Angelo , Coco Gianluca Lo
Published: June 2024

Background: Routine outcome monitoring with immediate clinical feedback can improve the effectiveness of psychotherapy. This protocol study represents the first Italian randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effectiveness of Feedback Informed Therapy (FIT) to improve patient mental health outcomes and processes. In it, we test a state-of-the-art digital platform (named Mindy) designed and developed for therapists that includes an integrated monitoring and support system.
Methods: This longitudinal RCT (Zellen design) involves randomizing therapists and their patients who meet the inclusion criteria into three conditions. The first condition involves outcome and process monitoring (OPM). In this condition, patients complete outcome and process measures related to each psychotherapy session, therapists use the Mindy platform to monitor the outcome and process measures, but therapists do not receive feedback with clinical support tools. The second condition involves outcome and process monitoring plus feedback (OPM-F). In this condition patients complete outcome and process measures related to each session and therapists receive feedback on the Mindy platform’s Clinical Support Tools based on the principles of feedback-informed therapy (FIT). Therapists in the OPM-F condition also receive monthly supervision/coaching for three months aimed at enhancing their use of the Clinical Support Tools. The third condition is treatment as usual (TAU) in which therapists and patients proceed with psychotherapy as they normally would, and therapists do not receive training. Therapists only use the Mindy platform as a streamlined digital record and to fill out the process evaluations at pre-treatment (after the first session) and the last study session (15th session) but without access to the data. In addition, therapists and patients in all conditions complete outcome questionnaires at pre-treatment, post-treatment and follow-up.
Discussion: We expect that compared to the other conditions, patients treated by therapists in the OPM-F condition will experience greater reductions in symptoms, lower dropout rates, and a better therapeutic alliance. Therapists in the OPM-F condition will demonstrate better management of therapeutic alliance ruptures. Overall, the results of this study could encourage future decisions on the use of digital platforms (e.g., Mindy) and FIT.
Study registration: April 10, 2024 [https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06356961]
Development and Validation of a Cancer-Specific Early Death Prediction Model for Patients with Gastric Cancer with Liver Metastasis: Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Zhu Yulan , Chen Xiaolong , Ye Peiling , Li Ka , LIAO Min , LUO Yu , LI ZhiYu , LIU Yuwei
Published: June 2024

Background Gastric cancer with liver metastasis (GCLM) patients typically have a grim prognosis and are at high risk of early mortality. This study aimed to predict cancer-specific early mortality and risk factors for GCLM patients through machine learning (ML) methods. Methods The data of patients with GCLM were obtained from the SEER database. LASSO regression, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify significant independent risk factors for cancer-specific early death (CSED). Models such as logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were used to predict the CSED and extract important features. Tenfold cross-validation, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, accuracy, balance accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1-score, precision‒recall (PR) curve analysis, calibration curve analysis and decision curve analysis (DCA) were utilized to assess the performance of the models. The DALEX package was used to compute feature importance. Results The study recruited a total of 3661 patients. A total of 1648 (45%) patients experienced CSED. Among the 7 ML models, the XGBoost model achieved the best performance. The top 6 most influential factors were chemotherapy, months from diagnosis to therapy, age, grade, N stage, and surgery in the XGBoost model, with chemotherapy being the most significant. Conclusion The XGBoost model might be applied to predict the CSED of GCLM patients, and chemotherapy was the most important feature in the XGBoost model. These results could offer crucial reference data to assist clinicians in making informed decisions beforehand.
Incidence and predictors of virological failure among HIV infected children and adolescents receiving second line antiretroviral therapy in Uganda, a retrospective study
Authors: Musiime-Mwase Fiona , Nakanjako Damalie , Kanywa Jacqueline Balungi , Nasuuna Esther , Naitala Ronald , Oceng Ronald , Sewankambo Nelson , Elyanu Peter
Published: June 2024

Background
In Uganda, 20% (19,073/94,579) of children and adolescents (0–19 years) living with HIV (CALHIV) were receiving second line antiretroviral therapy (ART) by the end of March 2020. Data on incidence and predictors of virological failure among these CALHIV on second line ART is limited. Lack of this information and limited access to HIV drug resistance testing prevents early identification of CALHIV at risk of virological failure on second line ART. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and predictors of virological failure among CALHIV on second line ART in Uganda.
Methodology:
This was a retrospective cohort study of all CALHIV aged 0–19 years who were switched to second line ART regimen between June 2010 and June 2019 at the Baylor Uganda Centre of Excellence clinic. Data was analysed using STATA 14. Cumulative incidence curves were used to assess incidence of virological failure. Factors associated with virological failure were identified using sub-distributional hazard regression analysis for competing risks considering death, transfer out and loss to follow-up as competing risks.
Results;
Of 1104 CALHIV, 53% were male. At switch to Protease Inhibitor based second line ART, majority (47.7%) were aged 5–9 years,56.2% had no/mild immune suppression for age while 77% had viral load copies < 100,000 copies/ml. The incidence of virological failure on second line ART regimen among CALHIV was 3.9 per 100 person-years (PY) with a 10-year cumulative incidence rate of 32%. Factors significantly associated with virological failure were age 10–19 years (HR 3.2, 95% 1.6–6.2, p < 0.01) and HIV viral load count > 100,000 copies/ml (HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5–3.1), p < 0.01)
Conclusion
Treatment outcomes for children and adolescents on second line ART are favourable with one third of them developing virological failure at 10 years of follow up. Adolescent age group and high HIV viral load at the start of second line ART were significantly associated with virological failure on second line ART. There is need to determine optimal strategies to improve ART treatment outcomes among adolescents with high viral load counts at second line ART switch.
Evolution and taxonomic meaning of seed fatty acid profiles of Campomanesia (Myrtaceae)
Authors: Kilsztajn Yacov , Pereira Leonardo Regnier Lima , Kubo Marcelo Tomé , Salatino Antonio , Salatino Maria Luiza Faria
Published: June 2024

The present work aimed to determine the fatty acid (FA) composition of seed oils of Campomanesia (Myrtaceae), a genus with approximately 45 species restricted to South America. The work aimed also to evaluate the systematic bearing of FA profiles, as well as their degree of congruence with phylogeny. Seeds of Psidium guajava and seven species of Campomanesia were collected from at least two individuals from distinct populations. The seed oils were extracted and the methyl esters of the FA were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Nucleotide sequences from GenBank of the same species, regarding the internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA (ITS), were used for phylogenetic analysis. Seed FA profiles were distinct, comparing Campomanesia and Psidium guajava; linoleic acid predominates in the seed oil of the latter species, while saturated and mono-unsaturated FA predominate in the seed oil of Campomanesia. A high similarity of FA profiles was noted, when comparing specimens of the same species. With few exceptions, cluster and principal component analyses based on FA profiles were congruent with phylogeny based on ITS sequences. Distribution of seed FA supports the non-monophyletic status of the “C. xanthocarpa complex”. Reconstruction of ancestral character states revealed distinct evolutionary trajectories of FA profiles toward differentiation of Campomanesia clades, all of them leading to decreased proportions of unsaturated FA.
The correlation between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Gao Peiwen , Zhang Yujun , Sun Jiaoxiao , Deng Chaoyi , Zhang Wensheng
Published: June 2024

Objective:
The effect of psychological factors on postoperative pain are often ignored in patients underwent surgery. Hence, this study aimed to explore the correlation between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain of patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).
Methods:
Patients underwent LC in West Chian Hospital from September 2022 and July 2023 were included. During the preoperative interview, the preoperative anxiety was evaluated by State Anxiety Inventory (S-AI); postoperative pain was evaluated by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) 1 h, 4–6 h and 24 h after surgery; postoperative recovery was assessed by Activity of Daily Living [1] scale at 4-6h and 24h after surgery; postoperative chronic pain was evaluated 3 months after surgery.
Results:
A total of 260 patients were included in this study, including 211 patients in the low-anxiety group and 49 patients in the high-anxiety group. VAS score in high-anxiety group was significantly higher than low-anxiety group at 1 h, 4–6 h and 24 h after surgery (P < 0.05), and S-AI score was positively correlated with the VAS score at each time point. Meanwhile, the incidence of chronic pain in high-anxiety group (24.5%) was higher than that in low-anxiety group (20.4%). A higher S-AI score was associated with a lower ADL score at 4–6 h and 24 h after surgery, while patients in the two groups consumed comparable doses of analgesics.
Conclusion:
Patients with high preoperative anxiety tended to have a high risk of severe acute pain and a high incidence of chronic pain after LC.
Tract-Based Spatial Statistics and Mediation Analysis of Apathy in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Li Jinbiao , Wang Meng , Zeng Huixing , Li Hao , Chen Yixin , Yu Lei , Lan Linfang , Liao Mengshi , Yi Ming , Cui Liqian , Fan Yuhua
Published: June 2024

Background: Studies reported a relationship between white matter alterations and apathy in patients with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (CSVD), the reported lesions are heterogeneously distributed. To identify microstructural alterations associated with apathy in CSVD patients using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS).
Methods:Forty-eight CSVD patients underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and completed clinical assessments of symptoms, which were divided into apathy and non-apathy groups. We used TBSS to assess the integrity of the white matter tracts and mediation analysis was performed to test the relationship between emotional disorders, neuroimaging features, and the disruption of white matter tracts.
Result：TBSS showed decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased mean diffusivity (MD) in the apathy group in specific structural regions, including anterior thalamic radiation, corticospinal tract, cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, inferior/superior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus. The mediation analyses reported FA and MD values significantly mediated the intervention effect on apathy and neuroimaging markers (white matter hyperintensities WHM and cerebral microbleeds CMB). In addition, mediation analyses indicated that depression partially but significantly mediated the intervention effect on apathy and MD values.
Limitations: Full follow-up data for apathy are not available in CSVD to perform the longitudinal analysis. Moreover, clinical information regarding the presence or absence of apathy prior to CSVD was unavailable for the present analysis.
Conclusions: TBSS revealed that apathy in CSVD is associated with disruption of white matter tracts in wider brain regions, and white matter damage underlies the relationship between neuroimaging markers of CSVD (WHM and CMB) and apathy. Depression may be a precursor to apathy due to the loss of special white matter tracts.
Improving the precision of estimating carbon sequestration potential in four tree and shrub agroforestry species through the comparison of general and specific allometric equations in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Joncas Mathilde , Atangana Alain R. , Wolf Valentin , Kouassi Guillaume , Kouamé Christophe , Khasa Damase
Published: June 2024

Agroforestry is an alternative to unsustainable agricultural practices, aiding in the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. However, accurately assessing the carbon sequestration potential of agroforestry tree species remains challenging due to reliance on destructive, time-consuming, and resource-intensive methods that hinder forest cover restoration in Côte d'Ivoire. Commonly used pantropical allometric equations lack specificity and precision, complicating carbon sequestration estimates. To address this, our study focused on four agroforestry species in Côte d'Ivoire: Theobroma cacao, Hevea brasiliensis, Coffea canephora, and Anacardium occidentale. We compared aboveground biomass estimates obtained using general and specific allometric equations for these species, collecting dendrometric measurements from 655 T. cacao, 69 H. brasiliensis, 90 C. canephora, and 73 A. occidentale individuals. No concordance was found between generic and specific allometric equations using a linear regression model. The general equation significantly underestimated aboveground biomass by 20.06 kg, 1.10 kg, 7.28 kg, and 11.50 kg per tree for T. cacao, H. brasiliensis, C. canephora, and A. occidentale, respectively. The differences indicated a carbon sequestration potential 17.2–18.7% higher when using specific equations in cocoa-based agroforestry systems. This study underscores the urgency of developing customized allometric equations for more precise carbon sequestration assessments, enhancing the accuracy of agroforestry's contribution to climate change mitigation.