bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous heel cord release for clubfoot: A retrospective, multicentre cost analysis
Authors: Hedrick B. , Gettys F. K. , Richards S. , Muchow R. D. , Jo C.-H. , Abbott M. D.
Published: June 2018

Purpose

The Ponseti method of treatment is the standard of care for idiopathic clubfoot. Following serial casting, percutaneous tendo-Achilles tenotomy (TAT) is performed to correct residual equinus. This procedure can be performed in either the outpatient clinic or the operating room. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expense of this procedure by examining hospital charges in both settings.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed charts of 382 idiopathic clubfoot patients with a mean age of 2.4 months (0.6 to 26.6) treated with the Ponseti method at three institutions. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the setting for the TAT procedure: 140 patients in the outpatient clinic (CL), 219 in the operating room with discharge following the procedure (OR) and 23 in the operating room with admission to hospital for observation (OR+). Medical records were reviewed to analyze age, deformity, perioperative complications and specific time spent in each setting. Hospital charges for all three groups were standardized to one institution's charge structure.

Results

Charges among the three groups undergoing TAT (CL, OR, OR+) were found to be significantly different ($3840.60 versus $7962.30 versus $9110.00, respectively; p ≤ 0.001), and remained significant when separating unilateral and bilateral deformities (p < 0.001). There were nine total perioperative complications (six returns to the ER and three unexpected admissions to the hospital): five (2.3%) in the OR group, four (17.4%) in the OR+ group and none in the CL group. The OR+ group statistically had a higher rate of complications compared with the other two groups (p = 0.006). The total event time of the CL group was significantly shorter compared with the OR and OR+ groups (129.1, 171.7 and 1571.6 minutes respectively; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Hospital charges and total event time were significantly less when percutaneous TAT was performed in the outpatient clinic compared with the operating room. In addition, performing the procedure in clinic was associated with the lowest rate of complications.

Level of Evidence

Therapeutic, Level III
The effects of high glucose condition on rat tenocytes in vitro and rat Achilles tendon in vivo
Authors: Ueda Y. , Inui A. , Mifune Y. , Sakata R. , Muto T. , Harada Y. , Takase F. , Kataoka T. , Kokubu T. , Kuroda R.
Published: June 2018

Objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hyperglycaemia on oxidative stress markers and inflammatory and matrix gene expression within tendons of normal and diabetic rats and to give insights into the processes involved in tendinopathy.

Methods

Using tenocytes from normal Sprague-Dawley rats, cultured both in control and high glucose conditions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cell proliferation, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX) 1 and 4, interleukin-6 (IL-6), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and -2 and type I and III collagens were determined after 48 and 72 hours in vitro. In an in vivo study, using diabetic rats and controls, NOX1 and 4 expressions in Achilles tendon were also determined.

Results

In tenocyte cultures grown under high glucose conditions, gene expressions of NOX1, MMP-2, TIMP-1 and -2 after 48 and 72 hours, NOX4 after 48 hours and IL-6, type III collagen and TIMP-2 after 72 hours were significantly higher than those in control cultures grown under control glucose conditions. Type I collagen expression was significantly lower after 72 hours. ROS accumulation was significantly higher after 48 hours, and cell proliferation after 48 and 72 hours was significantly lower in high glucose than in control glucose conditions. In the diabetic rat model, NOX1 expression within the Achilles tendon was also significantly increased.

Conclusion

This study suggests that high glucose conditions upregulate the expression of mRNA for NOX1 and IL-6 and the production of ROS. Moreover, high glucose conditions induce an abnormal tendon matrix expression pattern of type I collagen and a decrease in the proliferation of rat tenocytes. Cite this article: Y. Ueda, A. Inui, Y. Mifune, R. Sakata, T. Muto, Y. Harada, F. Takase, T. Kataoka, T. Kokubu, R. Kuroda. The effects of high glucose condition on rat tenocytes in vitro and rat Achilles tendon in vivo. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:362–372. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.75.BJR-2017-0126.R2
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán E. , Gómez-Cardero Primitivo
Published: June 2018

An age younger than 60 years, a body weight of 180 lb (82 kg) or more, performing heavy work, having chondrocalcinosis and having exposed bone in the patellofemoral (PF) joint are not contraindications for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). Severe wear of the lateral facet of the PF joint with bone loss and grooving is a contraindication for UKA. Medial UKA should only be performed in cases of severe osteoarthritis (OA) as shown in pre-operative X-rays, with medial bone-on-bone contact and a medial/lateral ratio of < 20%. The post-operative results of UKA are generally good. Medium-term and long-term studies have reported acceptable results at 10 years, with implant survival greater than 95% for UKAs performed for medial OA or osteonecrosis and for lateral UKA, especially when fixed-bearing implants are used. When all implant-related re-operations are considered, the 10-year survival rate is 94%, and the 15-year survival rate is 91%. Aseptic loosening is the principal failure mechanism in the first few years in mobile-bearing implants, whereas OA progression causes most failures in later years in fixed-bearing implants. The overall complication rate and the comprehensive re-operation rate are comparable in both mobile bearings and fixed bearings. The survival likelihood of the all-polyethylene UKA implant is similar to that of metal-backed modular designs for UKA. Notable cost savings of approximately 50% can be achieved with an outpatient UKA surgery protocol. Outpatient surgery for UKA is efficacious and safe, with satisfactory clinical results thus far.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:363-373. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170048
Acute and Chronic Iron Overloading Differentially Modulates the Expression of Cellular Iron-homeostatic Molecules in Normal Rat Kidney
Authors: Refaat Bassem , Abdelghany Abdelghany Hassan , BaSalamah Mohammad A. , El-Boshy Mohamed , Ahmad Jawwad , Idris Shakir
Published: June 2018

Little is known about the renal responses to acute iron overloading. This study measured the renal tubular expression of transferrin receptor-1 (TfR1), cubilin/megalin receptors, hepcidin, ferroportin, and ferritin chains following subacute intoxication of 40 male Wistar rats with a single oral dose of ferrous iron (300 mg/kg). The animals were randomly subdivided into 4 equal subgroups at the time of necropsy (1, 2, 4, and 8 hr). The results were compared with the controls ( n=15) and with the chronic group ( n=15), which received iron for 4 weeks (75 mg/kg/day; 5 days/week). Although both toxicity models inhibited TfR1, they upregulated the cubilin/megalin receptors and hepcidin, and triggered iron deposition in tubular cells. The ferritin heavy-chain and ferroportin were downregulated in the 2-hr and 4-hr acute subgroups, whereas chronic toxicity promoted their expression, compared with controls. Moreover, the 4-hr and 8-hr subgroups had higher intracellular Fe+2 and marked cell apoptosis compared with the chronic group. In conclusion, the kidney appears to sustain iron reabsorption in both intoxication models. However, the cellular iron storage and exporter proteins were differentially expressed in both models, and their inhibition post-acute toxicity might contribute toward the intracellular accumulation of Fe+2, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis.
Related rhythms: Situating Zhang Peili and contemporary Chinese video art in the globalizing art world
Authors: Cacchione Orianna
Published: June 2018

Despite being considered the first video artist to work in China, the majority of Zhang Peili’s earliest video works were originally exhibited abroad. In many of these exhibitions, his videos were displayed in different installation formats and configurations. One of the most evident of these changes occurred at the travelling exhibition China Avant-Garde. In Berlin, the opening venue of the exhibition, two videos were displayed in ways that differed from their original presentations; Document on Hygiene No. 3 (1991) and Assignment No. 1 (1992) were presented as singlechannel videos on single monitors instead of the multiple monitor installations previously used to show the works in Shanghai and Paris, respectively. Water: Standard Version from the Cihai Dictionary (1991) premiered in Berlin as a single-channel, single-monitor work. However, when it was installed in the exhibition’s Rotterdam venue, the work was shown on a nine-monitor grid. This article explores what caused the flexibility in the display of Zhang Peili’s early videos. I argue that these transformations demonstrate Zhang Peili’s conceptualization of video as a medium for art and his navigation of the rapidly globalizing art world. While the initial examples of this flexibility in installation were often caused by miscommunications with international curators, later exhibitions provided a regular venue for Zhang Peili to develop his approach to the ‘scene’ (chang) and ‘content’ (neirong) of video installation. Furthermore, as one of the most active Chinese artists working and exhibiting abroad in the 1990s, Zhang Peili was placed within the middle of domestic and international debates about the globalization of contemporary Chinese art. He responded to these debates by expelling signifiers of national identity in his videos and by forcefully deriding these discussions as a form of nationalism. Considering his video work from the perspective of its international presentation provides an important example of how artists working in China situated themselves in relationship to global art production in the 1980s and 1990s.
The aesthetics of the multitude in Chen Chieh-Jen’s Lingchi: Echoes of a Historical Photograph (2002) – A genealogy
Authors: Wei Chu-Chiun
Published: June 2018

Taiwanese artist Chen Chieh-Jen’s video works directly address Taiwan’s post-martial law condition. His video installations demonstrate what I propose to identify as ‘the aesthetics of the multitude’. Through the process of filmmaking, Chen imagines the possibility of a collective political alliance. Theorized by Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, the multitude rejects reductive identity politics and acts against capitalism. The multitude depicted in Chen’s work suggests a democratic potential that has the capacity to resist the sustained exploitation and homogenization that exists under neo-liberal globalization. His first video installation, Lingchi: Echoes of a Historical Photograph (2002), not only sets the tone for his later works but also signals a paradigm shift in Taiwanese contemporary art from the national to the global after 2000. I argue that Chen’s aesthetics of the multitude move beyond the contentious issue of national identity that characterizes Taiwan’s postcolonial art in the 1990s and anticipates the formation of a postnational subjectivity.
Ai Weiwei’s furniture-sculpture: Radical ambiguity and the function of critique
Authors: Duffy Owen
Published: June 2018

This article will examine the evolving function of critique in the work of artist, activist and dissident Ai Weiwei since the mid-1990s. It will do so by first considering Ai’s manipulated and transformed furniture in relation to the inundation of Ming and Qing Dynasty antiques on the market during the 1980s and 1990s to demonstrate how his art uses ambiguity to critique western market expectations. Throughout his artistic career from 1996 to the present, Ai has repurposed antique furniture, doors and temple beams as sculptures and installations. If this under-researched yet important group of works by him is considered through a socio-economic framework and a Duchampian sense of irony, as this article intends to do, these pieces will be able to be understood as sardonic assisted readymades, with a specific set of different meanings for people in China and the West. Differing from prevailing views of Ai’s repurposed antiques that have regarded them as objects moving away from their Chinese sources, i.e. their ‘Chinese-ness’, this article will look at his sculptures and installations, which incorporate while dramatically altering these historical objects, as satirizing western consumption of Chinese culture and history. It will also situate the works as critical of a consequence of China’s rapid transition to global stage: consumers’ and government’s tendency to erode cultural heritage, sites, and artefacts in exchange for economic growth and the new. Ultimately, this article will suggest that these works source their political thrust from a type of ‘radical ambiguity’ that Ai has now expunged from his practice in favour of more determinate means of critique.
‘Words divide, Images connect’: The politics of language and the language of politics in Xu Bing’s Book from the Sky and Book from the Ground
Authors: Teo Wenny
Published: June 2018

Xu Bing’s Book from the Sky (1987–91) is widely regarded as one of the most important artworks in the global contemporary art canon; a spectacular installation comprised of an invented lexicon of 4000 pseudo-Chinese characters laboriously hand-carved and printed onto rice paper scrolls that is utterly illegible. Some two decades later, Xu published Book from the Ground: From Point to Point (2014), a 112-page ‘graphic novel’ written entirely in the international visual vernacular of emoji, icons and symbols culled from the Internet, which according to the artist, ‘virtually anyone can read’. This article explores how the artist’s long-standing preoccupation with visual over verbal forms of communication both plays to the idealization of the Chinese logograph as a model for a ‘new media literacy’ in the global imaginary, whilst also reflecting the culturally-coded anxieties centred on the murky politics of language, and the language of politics, in modern and contemporary China. Reading between the lines of what is touted to be an ‘open book’, it considers the degree to which the banal panoply of utterly conventional signs that constitute the Book from the Ground might be encrypted with a subversive subtext – one that is in dialogue with grassroots forms of online resistance that similarly play on the visual-verbal properties of the Chinese logograph to subvert the limitations placed on the seeable and sayable in contemporary China.
Finding meaning in fog: The liminal experience represented
Authors: Bell Louise
Published: June 2018

The liminal space – the site of the in-between, transient and ephemeral borderlines. How is this shifting non-place illustrated within art and literature?

With fog.

In this brief examination I shall look at how fog is represented within the creative practices of illustrator Angela Barrett, artist Brooks Shane Salzwedel and photographer Agatha A. Nitecka whilst referencing its occurrence within a cultural context.

Fog responds constantly to its own environment, revealing and concealing features [...]. Fog makes visible things become invisible and invisible things; like wind (and space), become visible.
Introducing the West to America: Thomas Moran’s illustrations of Yellowstone and the Grand Canyon in Scribner’s Monthly Magazine
Authors: Knox Page S.
Published: June 2018

Published in 1870 during the rapid rise of print media in the United States, Scribner’s Monthly was the first of the American monthlies to fully embrace illustration. In its initiation of improvements in reproduction technology and promotion of its illustrations as ‘fine art’, Scribner’s transformed the acceptance, appreciation and consumption of printed images by the American public. Scribner’s editor Richard Watson Gilder also capitalized on the public’s emerging fascination with the West. Aware of the unique aspects of these wilderness regions and the unprecedented variety of unusual landscapes afforded by places such as Yellowstone and the Grand Canyon, Gilder took advantage of the opportunity to introduce these uncharted regions to his eastern audience. In order to make articles on western discovery and exploration interesting and accessible, Gilder realized the need for dramatic imagery that not only documented these novel territories but also appealed to Scribner’s targeted market, middle and upper class Protestants who held religious and romantic associations with the West. Recognizing his talent as an illustrator and a landscape painter, Gilder hired Thomas Moran, whose initial images of Yellowstone published in 1871 led to a rapid rise in circulation and fueled readers’ interest in the previously unknown lands. While Moran’s subject matter was the ‘Wonders of the West’, he relied heavily on established landscape aesthetics, as dictated by British critic John Ruskin; with their imbued sense of ‘geo-piety’, his panoramic vistas made these mysterious territories and their geysers, hot springs and mudbaths visually acceptable to readers in their adoption of traditional visual metaphors such as rainbows, waterfalls, and other sublime motifs. Through an in depth discussion of the illustrations of Yellowstone and the Grand Canyon, the paper examines the means by which Moran and Gilder offered the American public its first glimpse of the West, constructing indelible images of places associated with geographic destiny, economic opportunity and spiritual resources that became part of the national psyche on the pages of Scribner’s.
Mammon, myth, and monkey-doodles
Authors: Prosser Bill
Published: June 2018

Mark Rothko’s Seagram murals in the Tate gallery and his suicide are well-known, but his illustrations are not. As a struggling artist in New York during the 1920s, he was commissioned to produce artwork for The Graphic Bible by Lewis Browne, a task that proved to be problematic on several levels. This essay examines the toll that this experience took on Rothko, and how it may have influenced his later career.
Public service radio in Poland vs technology challenges: A turning point
Authors: Jędrzejewski Stanislaw , Beliczyński Jan
Published: June 2018

This article deals with the technology challenges that public service radio is currently facing in Poland and with its response to those. The challenges have occurred in the context of the remit of radio public broadcaster. The context is quite complex and is made up of a number of elements connected with both a new concept of a public broadcaster and changes within the broadcasting organization itself, and the way in which the technology change is managed.
The work of women’s NGOs on commercial radio in the West Bank: Frustrations and shortcomings
Authors: Heywood Emma
Published: June 2018

This article examines the work of women’s non-governmental organizations (NGOs) on West Bank radio as they represent women, a marginalized community, within a patriarchal, traditional and religious society. It also examines the commercial and societal difficulties faced by radio stations in their interactions with NGOs. Using a quantitative and qualitative approach, this article analyses data from six commercial, rather than state-owned or community, radio stations in four West Bank cities and discusses the frustrations of both parties as they work together. Contributing to the limited literature on the role of radio in the West Bank, the article also draws on interviews with representatives from the chosen stations and the NGOs that broadcast material on radio stations. The findings suggest that, for the NGOs and in contrast to other media, radio plays an important, albeit currently limited, role as amplifiers for their campaigns. Yet the radio stations do not contribute substantively, if at all, to encouraging NGO community-building activities and, in fact, restrict themselves to a commercial-based association.
‘I’ve got my eyes open and I can’t be crooked’: Race, female virtue and national identity in Terry and the Pirates
Authors: Martin Catherine
Published: June 2018

The Second World War-era US network radio programmes augmented nationalist propaganda by connecting American national identity to white patriarchal gender norms. Juvenile adventure radio serials like Terry and the Pirates (TATP) joined this effort and countered criticism of their negative influence on children by promoting their ability to teach young audiences socially sanctioned values like respect for established authority and cultural norms. Within this cultural and industrial context, characters like April Kane became ‘discursive “relay station[s]”’ through which wartime debates over women’s changing cultural and economic status were circulated, contested and produced. TATP tested April’s dedication to an idealized American way of life by pairing and contrasting her with queered and exoticized racial others, including sexually deviant female criminals and subservient foreign men. April passed this inquisition by identifying with Burma, the series’ other white heroine, and adhering to traditional feminine values like honesty, passivity and deference to white patriarchal authority. These comparisons reaffirmed a gendered hierarchy that prioritized white men and simultaneously diminished and divided white women and foreign men.
Book Reviews
Authors: Berry-McCrea Erin L. , Loviglio Jason , Ruth Nicolas
Published: June 2018

Word Warrior: Richard Durham, Radio, and Freedom, Sonja D. Williams (2015) Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 272 pp., ISBN: 9780252081392, p/bk, $26.00; e-book, $23.40

Performing Personality. On-Air Identities in a Changing Media Landscape, David Crider (2016) Lanham, MD.: Lexington Books, 204 pp., ISBN: 978 1 4985 3085 9, h/bk, $80.00, e-book $76.00
O licenciamento dos estabelecimentos insalubres, incómodos ou perigosos no século XIX e as plantas dos processos do distrito de Coimbra
Authors: Pinto Sandra M. G.
Published: June 2018

Neste artigo traça-se a origem e a transformação jurídica da lei portuguesa criada para regular a instalação dos estabelecimentos industriais insalubres, incómodos ou perigosos, no século XIX. Evidencia-se, ainda, a importância deste regulamento para a história dos procedimentos administrativos de licenciamento, dada a obrigatoriedade dos impetrantes entregarem junto com o requerimento as plantas dos edifícios. Como exemplo da sua aplicação prática usam-se as plantas dos processos do distrito de Coimbra, existentes no Arquivo da Universidade de Coimbra.
¡Tienes un Match! Autorrepresentaciones y rasgos comunicativos de las interacciones de jóvenes en Tinder
Authors: Fernández-Fernández Diego , Calvo-González Soraya , Rodríguez-Pérez Sara , Rodríguez-Menéndez Mª del Carmen
Published: June 2018

Este artículo es una aproximación a un fenómeno comunicativo emergente: el uso de apps de citas y su influencia en las relaciones emocionales entre personas jóvenes. Nuestra investigación trata de comprender qué ocurre en los encuentros, las interacciones y las relaciones generadas entre las personas de entre 18 y 30 años que utilizan la app de citas Tinder. Para ello, deseamos conocer con qué actitudes, conocimientos y valores se enfrentan las personas usuarias de esta plataforma a nuevos contextos de socialización online. El trabajo se fundamenta en una metodología cualitativa de tipo fenomenológica y narrativo-biográfica que parte de una profunda revisión bibliográfica actualizada. La recogida de información se llevó a cabo a lo largo del mes de abril de 2017 y se aplicaron diferentes técnicas, tales como grupos focales y cuestionarios sociodemográficos. Las conclusiones ofrecen aproximaciones a rasgos específicos de las dinámicas de autorrepresentación, selección de perfiles y construcción intencionada de  identidades digitales. Así mismo, justificamos la necesidad de una educación sexual crítica con perspectiva de género y basada en la diversidad que incorpore estos nuevos modelos de interacción. Planteamos la pertinencia de incorporar futuras intervenciones socioeducativas que promuevan la convivencia intersexual positiva y la multialfabetización en forma de educación sexual mediática.
(d)Eficiencia en el uso del smartphone y las redes sociales en la acción pastoral de los agentes de la Iglesia de Aragón
Authors: Fandos-Igado Manuel , Ordóñez-Fernández Feliciano-Francisco , Pérez-Escoda Ana-María
Published: June 2018

El presente trabajo responde a la necesidad de determinar el uso que hacen de las redes sociales (RRSS) los agentes pastorales de la Iglesia católica aragonesa en sus tareas pastorales y evangelizadoras.Es un estudio cuantitativo sobre una muestra representativa en que queda evidenciado que, a pesar de las posibilidades que estos nuevos medios ofrecen en la tarea educativa y comunicativa, los agentes pastorales los utilizan deficientemente en su tarea ministerial y están presentes mayoritariamente en redes cada vez menos frecuentadas por los jóvenes adolescentes.Un estudio que abre las puertas a futuras investigaciones relativas a determinar la importancia de esta variable en la desafección de la juventud aragonesa con el mensaje y el compromiso cristiano que se intuye y, llegado el caso, profundizar en modelos de comunicación, estrategias de acompañamiento, estructuras lingüísticas, tipos de lenguaje y hasta vocabulario que merecería revisarse para hacer presente y significativo el mensaje cristiano en los nuevos espacios de socialización juvenil.
The predictors of “hidden” central neck lymph node metastasis in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Solodkiy Vladimir A. , Fomin Dmitry K. , Galushko Dmitry A. , Asmaryan Hayk G.
Published: June 2018

Background. The regional lymph node metastasis in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is still very high: 50–60%, especially in papillary form. Averagely, after central neck lymph node dissection (CNLD), in 30–40% cases “hidden” metastasis in lymph nodes of VI zone of neck were revealed. But they were not indicated by preoperative diagnostic procedures: ultrasound (US) and computer tomogpraphy (CT).
Aims. To define the factors associated with the increased risk of lymph node metastasis for specification of indications to CNLD performance.
Materials and methods. The study covers 105 patients with clinical stages of DTC T1-2N0M0, who received a thyroidectomy (TE) with preventive bilateral CNLD in RSCRR since 2012 till 2017. Patients older than 45 y.o. prevailed (66 patients (62.9%)). Data processing was carried out in a Microsoft Access database, a one-factor dispersion analysis was used for the analysis of the quantitative signs, and a c-square criterion was used for the qualitative ones.
Results. The “hidden” metastasizes are founded by 32 (30.5%) patients. Multifocality is registered in 29 (27.6%) cases, lack of the tumor node capsule is registered in 65 (61.9%) and an invasion of the thyroid gland capsule is registered in 38 (36.2%) patients. Background diseases of the thyroid gland (TG) have 69 (65.7%) patients. According to the multifactorial analysis reliable independent predictors of the “hidden” metastasis of central neck lymph nodes were invasion of the anatomic capsule of TG (р = 0.003), age of patients ≤45 y.o. (р = 0.005), nonincapsulated form of tumor (р = 0.007).
Conclusion. Use of TE in combination with CNLD allowed to restage at 46.7% of patients due to TG capsule invasion (28.6%) and “hidden” metastasis in VI group lymph nodes (30.5%) identification.
Los procesos constructivos en la comprensión del mundo social (La perspectiva fenomenológica de A. Schütz)
Authors: Candioti María Elena
Published: June 2018

Las dificultades que aún presenta la epistemología de las cienciashumanas requiere se investiguen los modos de construcción de sus objetos espcíficos, como un paso previo a las cuestiones metodológicas. A través de las investigaciones de A. Schütz -quien apoyándose en el proyecto weberiano pretende encontrarle una fundamentación epistemológica integrando esquemas conceptuales de la fenomenología y del pragmatismo-, se analiza la posibilidad de una comprensión de las acciones humanas en cuanto intencionales, y que responda a la vez a las exigencias de objetividd de la ciencia.El punto de partida es la comprensión que en el mundo cotidiano hace posible las interacciones sociales, para determinar -tomando como instrumento de análisis el esquema temporal de los procesos de tipificación- cuáles son las condiciones que la hacen posible. Precisadas éstas, se examina el nivel teórico, edificado sobre esta instancia primaria.Son los mismos procesos constructivos de la significación del mundosocial los que dan lugar a la organización del orden científico: aunque se da en continuidad con el mundo cotidiano e integrando las significaciones allí conformadas, responde sin embargo a sus propias coordenadas temporales. El campo de la teoría tiene también una forma de pasado, convalidada socialmente, y una forma de futuro que determina la orientación y relevancia de susconstrucciones. Es esta estructura temporal la que permite clarificar las condiciones específicas de la comprensión científica del mundo social, como así también las de su validez objetiva.
"Obra abierta": anticipo pragmático de Umberto Eco
Authors: Edwards Ernesto G.
Published: June 2018

La intención de nuestro trabajo ha sido la de exponer la anticipación pragmática que realizara U. Eco en "Obra abierta", ya en 1962, insustituible para una hermenéutica de la obra de arte, que pone especial atención en la instancia del usuario, imaginando un lector modelo ejerciendo actos de libertad consciente para una obra que se presenta como abierta, a veces en movimiento, e invariablemente como metáfora epistemológica de nuestro tiempo.Hemos presentado algunos aportes que sobre el contexto han realizado lingüistas, aportes que pueden trasladarse satisfactoriamente al campo de la estética, como adecuado límite a una multiplicidad infinita de sentido de la obra de arte, para servirle de gran utilidad, a pesar de que ciertas teorías ya clásicas de la Estética puedan haber pensado, en su momento, lo contrario.Finalmente, buscando algo diferente, con relación a los efectos de las obras de arte en sus gozadores, provocados intencionalmente por sus autores, hemos insertado ejemplos de experiencias propias y disímiles entre las mismas, como nos sucedió con J. L. Borges y con la banda de rock Los Redonditos de Ricota.
Effect of azithromycin on fetal development in rats
Authors: Elkomy Ashraf , M. Kandeil Asmaa , Abo-Salem Mohamed , A. Hassan Wedad , Aboubakr Mohamed , A. Elhemiely Alzahraa
Published: June 2018

This study was designed to evaluate the potential risks of the Azithromycin administration on fetuses. Therefore pregnant rats were received Azithromycin orally (90 and 180 mg/kg b.wt, daily) from sixth day until the fifteenth day of gestation. At 20th day of gestation female sacrificed; abortion, fetal resorptions, visceral examination, skeletal examination, Oxidative stress markers and histopathological examination for fetuses were recorded. Azithromycin caused abortion, fetal resorptions, growth retardation, hematoma and paralysis of limbs. Also caused cerebral dilatation, microcephaly, perforation of hard palate and hemorrhage around internal organs. By skeletal examination; weak and incomplete ossification were observed in bones .Biochemical studies showed that Azithromycin administration resulted in decreased glutathione reduced but increased malonaldahyde compared to control groups. Fetal kidney revealed degeneration and necrosis in the tubular lining epithelium and fibrosis in between the atrophied renal tubules. This study supports and proofs the potential risks of the azithromycin administration on fetuses.Â Â
Bioética y salud pública
Authors: Penchaszadeh Víctor
Published: June 2018

En este artículo se revisa la evolución de la bioética que en un principio focalizó su interés en problemas individuales de autonomía y los dilemas del uso de la alta tecnología en medicina, hasta la presente situación en que centra su atención en los graves problemas poblacionales de la salud colectiva. Se proponen los aspectos éticos que deben considerarse en todas las acciones de salud pública, centrándose en la equidad, la justicia y el derecho a la salud, teniendo en cuenta los 18 principios y temas de la bioética enunciados en la Declaración Universal de Bioética y Derechos Humanos de UNESCO.
Aceptarnos para buscar juntos. Teología, bioética y salud pública
Authors: Noriega Roberto
Published: June 2018

El paciente necesita una atención integral en el ámbito de su salud, incluso en aspectos religiosos. En la actualidad, las posturas extremistas que desean expulsar lo religioso al ámbito de lo privado parecen superadas; tampoco son aceptables posiciones religiosas del todo irracionales. Se ofrecen pistas de diálogo para la integración de ambas realidades –la religiosa y la no religiosa– presentando algunas de las riquezas que puede ofrecer la teología, y señalando algunos desafíos para seguir desarrollando las correctas relaciones basada en el diálogo y la búsqueda común.
The Impact of Strategic Planning on Institutional Integration Toward Patrimonial and Perimeter Security Planning of the 2016 Olympics Games
Authors: Cunha Andre Henrique , Marcineiro Nazareno , Ferenhof Helio Aisenberg , Forcellini Fernando Antônio
Published: June 2018

After the legacy of September 11, 2001, and subsequent terrorist attacks during sports events, such as the London (2005) bombings, is evidenced in the increased security measures put in place at major sports events. Heightened attention to safety management and public concern about possible threats and perception of risk has now become a fundamental component of the planning and risk management strategies for sports events. To deal with this issue, this study aims to systemize and develop the strategic planning process for security operations of the gaming facilities and to the public in general within the games perimeter, during the 2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.  We took basis on MCDA-C (Multi-Criteria Methodology Decision Support - Constructivist), to develop a system capable of promoting the institutional integration of Brazilian security forces to ensure the public and playing field's safety, as well as the games perimeter and public and private property used for the 2016 Olympic Games. The system starts with a business environment analysis, and service requirements analyzes, and, with the MCDA-C’s assistance, a relevance matrix was constructed, and, from it, resources and operations plans were set. Finally, the Olympics Games Rio 2016 strategic security operations plan results were discussed.
Primary criteria used by business incubators for the selection of new enterprises: analysis of selection notices
Authors: Eschholz Vitor , Silva Mário César , Rampasso Izabela Simon , Anholon Rosley , Cooper Ordonez Robert Eduardo
Published: June 2018

This article aims to analyze the primary criteria used by Brazilian business incubators to select new enterprises. The research method used was a documentary analysis with 124 selection notices available in the websites of business incubators. These criteria were divided into 17 categories, and the most mentioned among them were: innovation level, economic feasibility, and team capability, corroborating the ideas mentioned by other studies. The results presented in this research may be of great value for incubator managers and academics. Incubator managers may use these results to critically analyze their criteria and/or complement them. Academics, in turn, may use these results as a starting point for future research.
Cechy systemów fonologicznych muzyki i mowy z perspektywy ewolucyjnej
Authors: Podlipniak Piotr
Published: June 2018

This article presents the phonological systems of music and speech as two different Humboldt systems which evolved for different reasons. The mental and the intersubjective characteristics of both systems are presented, including the relations between music and speech and the respective conceptual mental representations. The main aim of this paper is to suggest that the phonological system of music evolved earlier than articulated speech. As a result, the phonological system of speech emerged as a connection between two existing mental mechanisms, one that enabled our ancestors to use the Humboldt system in the domain of vocal communication and another which allowed them to combine referential meaning with sound symbols.
Łuciuk, Przyboś, Różewicz. Muzyka i poezja wobec niewyrażalności
Authors: Dobkowska Renata
Published: June 2018

The main purpose of this article is to characterize the concept of  ineffability in the light of the art of poetry and song. Presented interpretations and analysis of two selected twentieth century songs composed by Julisz Łuciuk to the texts of Julian Przyboś and Tadeusz Różewicz are the practical supplement of theoretical contemplation of ineffability contained in the first part of this article.
A Reply to John Dudley on Aristotle, Physics 2.5, 196b17–21
Authors: Giardina Giovanna R.
Published: June 2018

In this article, I restate the interpretation of Aristotle’s Ph. 2.5, 196b17–21, which I presented for the first time in my book I fondamenti della causalità naturale (2006). According to my reading, both the things that are due to deliberation and those that are not (Arist. Ph. 196b17–18) fall within the group of beings which come to be not for the sake of anything (Arist. Ph. 196b17). In his recent book, Aristotle’s Concept of Chance (Albany 2012), John Dudley found my interpretation laudable and original but rejected it, opting for the traditional interpretation. As he did not provide sufficient reasons for this, I deem it appropriate to discuss more broadly and in greater detail my interpretation in order to demonstrate that it is correct theoretically, linguistically and grammatically. I also discuss a reading of Neoplatonic commentators which seems to me very useful: when commenting on Aristotle, they start with a very prejudicial interpretation which comes from Alexander and which probably determined all later interpretations of the passage. According to this interpretation, beings which come to be not for the sake of anything (Arist. Ph. 196b17) are beings that have no teleology of any kind. Yet this exegetic position faces a series of difficulties which can easily be solved if one assumes, as I do, that these beings have a certain end albeit not an intrinsic one.
Byzantinism and Rationality: Julien Benda and Constantine Tsatsos
Authors: Arabatzis George
Published: June 2018

This article examines the concept of Byzantinism that Julien Benda employed in his book La France Byzantine. In the fin-de-siècle European sensibility, Byzantinism was transferred from political to literary level, but Benda created an epistemological break when he asserted in his book that Byzantinism is literature in its normal function. Furthermore, of Byzantinist character is especially the modern literature (e.g. Valéry or Mallarmé). Thus, labeling modern literati as Byzantinist writers served as a critical tool for Benda, who condemned the degradation of modern intellectuals into clerks. This transformation of literary normality affected also pure thought as is manifested in the ambiguous manner of expressing their ideas by modern thinkers (this being a mixture of idealism and apocryphal thinking, which renders ideas rather abstractions than instruments of rationality). An example of such a Byzantinist use can be found in the manner Emmanuel Levinas exploited Husserl’s phenomenology. Finally, Benda engaged in a discussion with Paulhan’s view that literary philosophy is a form of critical terror. The position of Benda is that of a rationalist, whereas Paulhan is a thinker who focuses on the use of language. For Constantine Tsatsos (1899–1987), on the other hand, a Greek philosopher and author of a philosophical novel entitled Dialogues in a Monastery (1974), the Byzantine moment is a part of great continuity of Greek culture, which is characterized by various structures in its period of long duration. One of these is the synthesis of Hellenism and Christianity that can be seen in Byzantium, where the transposition of the philosophical (Platonic) Eros to the mystical one plays a major role. This development is of paramount importance not only for the whole European culture but also for all questions of beauty and morality. The present paper concludes with a brief discussion of Richard Rorty’s account of pragmatic reason, which makes it possible to show how contemporary philosophy can be placed in the context of the debate about Byzantinism.
The higher integrability of weak solutions of porous medium systems
Authors: Bögelein Verena , Duzaar Frank , Korte Riikka , Scheven Christoph
Published: June 2018

In this paper we establish that the gradient of weak solutions to porous medium-type systems admits the self-improving property of higher integrability.
Stellar population in star formation regions of galaxies
Authors: Gusev Alexander S. , Shimanovskaya Elena V. , Shatsky Nikolai I. , Sakhibov Firouz , Piskunov Anatoly E. , Kharchenko Nina V.
Published: June 2018

We developed techniques for searching young unresolved star groupings (clusters, associations, and their complexes) and of estimating their physical parameters. Our study is based on spectroscopic, spectrophotometric, and UBVRI photometric observations of 19 spiral galaxies. In the studied galaxies, we found 1510 objects younger than 10 Myr and present their catalogue. Having combined photometric and spectroscopic data, we derived extinctions, chemical abundances, sizes, ages, and masses of these groupings. We discuss separately the specific cases, when the gas extinction does not agree with the interstellar one. We assume that this is due to spatial offset of Hii clouds with respect to the related stellar population.We developed a method to estimate age of stellar population of the studied complexes using their morphology and the relation with associated H emission region. In result we obtained the estimates of chemical abundances for 80, masses for 63, and ages for 57 young objects observed in seven galaxies.
Spectroscopy of hot subdwarf binaries
Authors: Kreuzer Simon , Irrgang Andreas , Heber Ulrich
Published: June 2018

We present a status report of our spectroscopic analysis of subdwarf binaries consisting of a subdwarf and a F/G/K-type main-sequence companion. These systems selected from SDSS photometry show significant excess in the (infra-)red which can not be explained by interstellar reddening. Inspection of SDSS spectra revealed that most of them are composite spectrum sdB binaries. Once their spectra are disentangled, a detailed spectral analysis can be carried out. It reveals Teff, log g and the metal abundance of each individual star. The cool companion is of particular interest, because its spectrum reveals the original chemical composition of the binary.
Exact geometry SaS solid-shell element for 3D stress analysis of FGM piezoelectric structures
Authors: Kulikov G. M. , Plotnikova S. V.
Published: June 2018

A hybrid-mixed functionally graded material (FGM) piezoelectric four-node solid-shell element through the sampling surfaces (SaS) method is proposed. The SaS formulation is based on choosing inside the shell N SaS parallel to the middle surface in order to introduce the displacements and electric potentials of these surfaces as fundamental shell unknowns. Such choice of unknowns with the use of Lagrange polynomials of degree N-1 in through-thickness interpolations of the displacements, strains, electric potential, electric field and material properties leads to a robust FGM piezoelectric shell formulation. The inner SaS are located at Chebyshev polynomial nodes that make it possible to minimize uniformly the error due to Lagrange interpolation. To implement the effective analytical integration throughout the element, the extended assumed natural strain (ANS) method is employed. As a result, the piezoelectric four-node solid-shell element exhibits a superior performance in the case of coarse meshes. To circumvent shear and membrane locking, the hybrid stress-strain solid-shell formulation via the Hu-Washizu variational principle is employed. The developed solid-shell element could be useful for the 3D stress analysis of FGMstructures because the SaS method allows obtaining the solutions with a prescribed accuracy, which asymptotically approach the exact solutions of electroelasticity as the number of SaS tends to infinity.
Prenatal diagnosis of ring chromosome 13: a rare chromosomal aberration
Authors: Goto Haruka , Fujita Yasuyuki , Sato Yuka , Kido Saki , Ogawa Masanobu , Kato Kiyoko
Published: June 2018

We report the case of a 24-year-old Japanese woman, gravida 2, para 1, who became pregnant spontaneously. At 24 weeks of gestation, her fetus was found to have various abnormalities, including holoprosencephaly, congenital heart disease and severe fetal growth restriction, and she was referred to our hospital. From these findings, the fetus was suspected of having a chromosomal aberration, in particular, trisomy 13, and after genetic counseling, amniocentesis for chromosomal analysis was performed. Although the results of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis showed no numeric abnormalities, G-banding analysis revealed a ring chromosome 13; 46, XX, r (13) (p13q32). At 41 weeks of gestation, she delivered a female baby weighing 2240 g with good condition. The respiratory status of the neonate was stable, and she was discharged 30 days after birth. Ring chromosomes are rare chromosomal aberrations, and obstetricians should recognize that ring chromosomes cannot be detected solely by FISH analysis and require G-banding analysis and that information on the ring breakpoint is needed to counsel the parents regarding the fetal and neonatal prognosis.
New bounds for Shannon, Relative and Mandelbrot entropies via Hermite interpolating polynomial
Authors: Mehmood Nasir , Butt Saad Ihsan , Pečarić Ðilda , Pečarić Josip
Published: June 2018

To procure inequalities for divergences between probability distributions, Jensen’s inequality is the key to success. Shannon, Relative and Zipf-Mandelbrot entropies have many applications in many applied sciences, such as, in information theory, biology and economics, etc. We consider discrete and continuous cyclic refinements of Jensen’s inequality and extend them from convex function to higher order convex function by means of different new Green functions by employing Hermite interpolating polynomial whose error term is approximated by Peano’s kernal. As an application of our obtained results, we give new bounds for Shannon, Relative and Zipf-Mandelbrot entropies.
Risk bounds with additional information on functionals of the risk vector
Authors: Rüschendorf L.
Published: June 2018

We consider the problem of determining risk bounds for the Value at Risk for risk vectors X where besides the marginal distributions also information on the distribution or on the expectation of some functionals Tj(X), 1 ≤ j ≤ m, is available. In particular this formulation includes the case where information on subgroup sums or maxima or on the correlations or covariances is available. Based on the method of dual bounds we obtain improved risk bounds compared to the marginal case. In general the explicit calculation of the dual bounds poses a challenge. We discuss various forms of relaxation of these bounds which are accessible and in some cases even lead to sharp bounds.