bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Baptism in the Plural
Authors: Michka Aaron
Published: February 2022

This article provides an ethnographic account of baptism as it is practiced and understood by Christians living in a multi-denominational Upper Egyptian town. Given the challenges of defining baptism in ecumenical terms, this study approaches the topic in terms of three organizing frameworks: baptism as discourse, as rite, and as reproduction. These overlapping metaphors have the advantage of revealing what has often been overlooked in both Coptic studies and the anthropology of Christianity; namely, the ability of a shared Christian practice like baptism to structure interaction across denominations. This finding has particular relevance for the study of contemporary Copts, which has long been focused on Orthodox Copts to the neglect of Coptic Catholics, Evangelicals, and Pentecostals in Egypt.
Competing Notions of Integration in Canada’s First Coptic Orthodox Parishes, 1960s–1980s
Authors: Akladios Michael
Published: February 2022

Coptic identities are neither static nor reducible to a single definition. For the Coptic Orthodox, immigration and the process of integration produced multiple, competing responses across central Canada in the second half of the twentieth century that expose the complex social lives of individuals and groups. The author charts a history of collaboration and contestation among clergy, church activists, and cultural events organizers who held competing notions of integration in Cold War Montreal and Toronto. Rejecting a culturally driven interpretation that sees the Coptic Orthodox as homogenous and indistinguishable from their religious practices, this article argues that heteroglossia—of varied and at times opposing voices—should serve as a starting point for inquiry. Given the huge range and the challenges that lie ahead for reconstructing the Egyptian immigrant experience, the process of sharing in an array of interpretations is more important than a rigid definition.
Front Matter
Authors: Editors
Published: February 2022

Table of Contents
Compliance of the POCT method with the fully automated method for HbA1c determination
Authors: Milinković Neda , Sarić-Matutinović Marija , Dmitrašinović Gordana , Ignjatović Svetlana
Published: February 2022

Previous research suggests that point-of-care (POCT) determination of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a diagnostic test that can be an adequate alternative to measuring HbA1c in the laboratory. The main goal of this study was to examine the analytical characteristics of the novel INCLIX POCT method for HbA1c determination in order to test its performance before introducing this method into routine use. HbA1c is measured in a duplicate in 44 EDTA blood samples parallel on INCLIX POCT device (Sugitech, Inc.) and using automated turbidimetric immunoinhibition test on Olympus AU400 (Beckman Coulter). The within run imprecision was 7.58%, between runs imprecision was 6.63% and 6.22%, and day-to-day imprecision was 8.80% and 7.51%. Total laboratory imprecision was in agreement with those stated by the manufacturer. A statistically significant Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated (r = 0.871, P < 0.01; linear R2 = 0.757). Using Deming regression analysis, the following equation was obtained: y = - 1.80 + 1.304x. Our results indicate statistically significant correlation, linear relationship, and a significant degree of compatibility between the two analyzed methods. However, the negative bias of the HbA1c values determined on the POCT analyzer compared to the Olympus AU400 was confirmed, highlighting the need to standardize the INCLIX method.
RESENHA DO LIVRO
Authors: JACINTO PABLO
Published: February 2022

Resenha do livro: “Periperi: Planta de Junco que Tem História”
REVERBERAÇÕES DE ATIVIDADES DE EXTENSÃO EM UM POLO SEMIPRESENCIAL DE EDUCAÇÃO À DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Portugal Anderson dos Santos , Moraes Vinicius dos Santos
Published: February 2022

Aliado ao desafio de ensinar e transmitir o conhecimento sobre plantas foi realizada com alunos, equipe do polo semipresencial Magé (CEDERJ/UAB) e a comunidade do entorno do polo, o 1° Dia da Botânica com intuito de promover extensão, divulgação científica e ensino. O objetivo deste trabalho é tecer considerações sobre extensão e reverberações oriundas deste evento acadêmico. Com isso testamos as seguintes hipóteses: (i) os agentes envolvidos aprimoraram o engajamento e desenvolvimento de capacidades individuais e (ii) o evento evidencia o polo Magé como espaço de multifuncionalidade dentro do município. Os percursos metodológicos foram do tipo qualitativo com observações diretas e indiretas, realizadas nas ações antes, durante e após o evento do Dia da Botânica. Todas essas ações foram registradas em caderneta de campo. Ocorreu a análise quantitativa das com fichas de controle e inscrição de todos os participantes e questionário de avaliação do evento para o público ouvinte. Os diversos participantes do evento tiveram engajamento e os alunos desenvolveram capacidades individuais, além do evento reafirmar o polo Magé como espaço de multifuncionalidade dentro do município. O ensino e extensão de plantas teve interação dialógica e reforçou fatores intrínsecos de motivação, que auxiliou alguns participantes em questões sensíveis que perpassam a evasão da EaD.  Parte do sucesso do evento se deu no protagonismo de alunos e agentes do polo, fazendo mudança de polarização frente a eventos tradicionalmente ofertados, não sendo receptores institucionais. Eventos de extensão desta natureza em polos semipresenciais devem ser replicados e estimulados para aprimoramento de cursos EaD no Brasil.
Development of Bittergourd Fermented Beverage Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: C.S. Devaki  , K.S. Premavalli
Published: February 2022

Bittergourd (Momordica charantia) is used as a vegetable by the Asian community and is commonly used as an antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic agent. The aim of the present study was to develop nutritionally strengthful, highly acceptable, shelf stable bittergourd beverage by fermented process using statistical software on Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimization of the fermentation process with reference to curd concentration and the period has been attempted by using RSM with more emphasis on nutritional and functional considerations. The statistical design gave 13 formulations, where the fermentation process period varied from 6 to 34 hours and curd concentration was from 6.6 to 16.4%. The standard methodology was followed for the analysis of all the parameters studied. The product varied formulations had quinine range of 119 to 327.5 mg%, antioxidants 40.2 – 64.5%, total phenols 30.5 to 42.5 mg%, water soluble vitamins; B1 – 0.07 to 0.81 mg%, B2 – 0.02 to 0.28 mg%, B3 – 0.4 to 1.08 mg%, B6 – 0.04 to 0.32 mg% and vitamin-C – 17.2 to 34.6 mg%. Fermentation time for 30 hours and curd concentration of 15% was the optimized composition with the best fit of desirability 0.80. The product with the good taste and flavour was acceptable with 6.7 score on 9-pont hedonic scale. The fermented bittergourd beverage was preferred to fresh bittergourd juice.
Mechanisms of distributed working memory in a large-scale network of macaque neocortex
Authors: Mejías Jorge F , Wang Xiao-Jing
Published: February 2022

Neural activity underlying working memory is not a local phenomenon but distributed across multiple brain regions. To elucidate the circuit mechanism of such distributed activity, we developed an anatomically constrained computational model of large-scale macaque cortex. We found that mnemonic internal states may emerge from inter-areal reverberation, even in a regime where none of the isolated areas is capable of generating self-sustained activity. The mnemonic activity pattern along the cortical hierarchy indicates a transition in space, separating areas engaged in working memory and those which do not. A host of spatially distinct attractor states is found, potentially subserving various internal processes. The model yields testable predictions, including the idea of counterstream inhibitory bias, the role of prefrontal areas in controlling distributed attractors, and the resilience of distributed activity to lesions or inactivation. This work provides a theoretical framework for identifying large-scale brain mechanisms and computational principles of distributed cognitive processes.
A Rare Case of Purple Urine Bag Syndrome Presenting with Delirium and Associated with Acidic Urine and UTI due to Serratia Marcescens: But Do We Still Know Enough?
Authors: Bhattacharya Subrata , Dey Rajeeb , Nath Ratnadeep
Published: February 2022

Purple Urine Bag Syndrome (PUBS) is a rare occurrence characterised by a striking purple to blue/violet discolouration of the urine bag and its tubing after long-term indwelling urinary catheterisation while the urine inside remain clear. This phenomenon is a warning sign of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). However, unlike traditional UTIs, such patients can be nonverbal and asymptomatic with purple/blue urine bag being the only signal for UTI. Tryptophan-Indigo hypothesis is advanced to explain the mystery behind this phenomenon. A rare case of PUBS in acidic urine in an octagenarian (80 years old) female patient, with right sided hemiparesis, hypertension, Post Stroke Aphasia (PSA) and delirium is presented here. Moreover, her urine culture yielded an opportunistic bacteria Serratia marcescens which is not a typical organism responsible for this condition. The bluish colour of urine bag disappeared after hydration, change of the catheter along with urine bag and antibiotic therapy. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first case of PUBS reported from the state of Assam. It is hoped that this case report will be valuable in raising awareness and educating health care providers about this rather unknown esoteric syndrome in this region.
Childhood Hypertension: An Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Centre, Gujarat, India
Authors: Gosai Dhara , Shah Bela , Chaudhary Kiran , Das Amit
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Childhood hypertension is an underestimated problem in India and other developing countries. It often leads to Hypertension in adult. Hypertensive children, although usually asymptomatic, already manifest evidence of target organ damage. Many of hypertensive children have left ventricular hypertrophy and increased carotid intima-media thickness, a marker of early atherosclerosis. Hypertensive children are very prone to develop target organ damage like retinopathy, renal damage, cardiac complications if remains undiagnosed and untreated for long. Other risk factors like cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia must also be looked for in hypertensive children. Aim: To study the prevalence, clinical profile, aetiology and to analyse various management protocol, complications, and early outcomes of hypertension in hospitalised children aged between 5-10 years. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, observational analytical study conducted in the Department of Paediatrics of a Tertiary Care Centre at Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, from 1st October 2017 to 30th September 2019. Blood pressure was measured by mercury sphygmomanometer using auscultatory method in all admitted patients in Paediatrics Department between the age of 5-10 years as a part of vital monitoring. A total of 103 patients having average systolic blood pressure and/or diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 95th percentile for that age, sex and height on three or more occasions were included in the study and their comprehensive details were recorded in prestructured proforma. The outcome was recorded as data in excel sheet and arranged in tables. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 0.96%. The mean age of the study population was 8 years, and the male:female ratio was 1.09:1. Vomiting was the most common presenting complaint followed by fever and puffiness of eyes. A higher incidence of fever on presentation was due to the associated infective pathology of Central Nervous System (CNS). Pallor was the most common finding on general examination. Neurological deficit was observed in patients with hypertensive encephalopathy and stroke. Overall, 21 (20.38%) patients were in stage 2 hypertension, amounting to hypertensive emergencies, 48 (46.6%) patients with hypertension had an underlying renal disorder, followed by CNS disorder in 47 (45.6%). Amlodipine (26.21%) was the most common drug used in hypertensive patients. Most common complication of the present study was hypertensive retinopathy seen in 14 patients (13.59%). Conclusion: In hospitalised patients, the prevalence of hypertension was 0.96% with a male preponderance. On admission, the most prevalent complaints were vomiting and fever; pallor and puffiness of eyes were the most common general examination findings, and ascites was the most common systemic examination result. The most common secondary cause of hypertension was renal disease, with acute glomerulonephritis as most prevalent
A REVIEW ON CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES: AN AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Arora Shivani , Arora Chirag
Published: February 2022

Muscular dystrophies (M.D.) are a category of hereditary illnesses defined by degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control mobility, culminating in muscle atrophy, weakness, confinement to a wheelchair, and eventually death. The most common muscular dystrophy is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by a lack of the dystrophin gene. In Ayurvedic scriptures, muscular dystrophy is not explicitly linked to any ailment. The notion of Adibala pravritta vyadhi in Ayurveda helps to explain this aetiology. Pathogenesis occurs here due to Beejobhagavayava dushti, which leads to Mamsa Vata dushti. Because there is no specific treatment for muscle dystrophies in any medical system, the modern therapeutic approach of M.D is corticosteroids, physical therapy, respiratory assistance and gene therapy. In muscular dystrophy patients, Ayurvedic treatments such as Santarpana chikitsa, a collection of herbo-mineral medications, and specific Panchkarma therapies have an apparent protective effect and a prolonged survival rate. The current review article discusses the notion of muscular dystrophy from an Ayurvedic perspective and treatments and drugs that can help with the disease.
PHARMACEUTICAL STUDY OF ARDRAKA MATHULUNGA AVALEHA
Authors: N M Anusree , Krishnamurthy M S
Published: February 2022

The main objective of this study is to prepare Ardraka Mathulunga Avaleha according to the method prescribed in the authoritative reference, Yogaratnakara, Purvardha, Arochaka chikitsa 38-42 and its organoleptic and physio-chemical analysis. Methods: Ardraka Mathulunga Avaleha is prepared as per the classical method of Avaleha Kalpana using guda as the sweetening agent. Ardraka Mathulunga Avaleha contains Ardraka, Mathulunga and Guda as the major ingredients. It also contains 15 other drugs, which are added as prakshepa dravya. Results: The final product was of desired consistency and quality. Discussion: This research article deals with the pharmaceutical preparation of Ardraka Mathulunga Avaleha in four steps, its paka lakshana and organoleptic characteristics of the formulation. It also discusses the formulation's haematinic action and its ability to cure iron deficiency anaemia. Conclusion: From the pharmaceutical study, proper paka lakshanas of avaleha, the right consistency, time is taken for the preparation etc., are understood.
A Model for Assessment of Organizational Culture Based on a Mixed Approach (Case Study: Kurdistan Provincial government)
Authors: Karimi Aboubakr
Published: February 2022

The study aim is suggesting an appropriate model for identification and measurement of organizational culture in Kurdistan Provincial government. The research method is a combination of an exploratory sequential design which is at the first level qualitative and then at the second level goes quantitative. The final model at the first level was comprised of 5 dimensions, 14 components and 54 indicators. For modeling, the semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts in the organization where using Fuzzy Delphi Technique the qualitative validation performed. In gathering the data a researcher-made questionnaire at the second level (quantitative) was applied. For quantitative model validation, the first and second order Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling were used. The results indicate that all organizational culture model coefficients in Kurdistan state-government office were significant and acceptable with a confidence level more than 99%.
Accumulation and Partitioning Pattern of Nutrients in Rice Grown in Vertisol under IPNS-STCR based Nutrient Management
Authors: Choudhary Sunita , Choudhary Saroj , Upadhyay A. K. , Baghel S. S. , Singh Arjun
Published: February 2022

Rice is the indispensable grain in the Indian food basket and contributes about 45 percent to India's foodgrain production. Nutrients are essential for the higher growth and productivity of plants. Post-green revolution, fertilizer applications played a pivotal role in increasing food grain production, especially in rice and wheat. Nutrient distribution and accumulation patterns in different plant parts are important to design sustainable fertilizer schedules. The present investigation was conducted in Kharif season 2017 at the JNKVV research field, aimed to analyze nutrient accumulation and partitioning patterns under IPNS-STCR based nutrient application. There were six treatment combinations including an absolute control, replicated four times in a Randomised Complete Block Design. Results revealed that the higher level of nutrient viz. nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were accumulated in the shoot as compared to root at all the stages of rice, however, nutrient content and total uptake increased with the increased growth stage of the plant. Among the different nutrient management, treatment having 158:107:69 kg N:P2O5:K2O with 5 t FYM ha-1 performed better than all the others.
Effect of Sulphur and Micronutrients on the Yield and Quality of Garlic (Allium sativum L)
Authors: Choyal Praveen , Garhwal O. P. , Choudhary M. R. , Mahala Kamal
Published: February 2022

The field experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm, Sri Karan Narendra College of Agriculture, Jobner, Jaipur (Rajasthan) to find out the effect of sulphur and micronutrients on yield and quality of garlic during Rabi seasons 2019-20 and 2020-21. The experiment was carried out in factorial randomized block design with three replications and twenty treatment combinations with four levels of sulphur (S0-control, S1-sulphur 20 kg/ha, S2-sulphur 40 kg/ha and S3-sulphur 60 kg/ha) and five levels of micronutrients (M0-Control, M1-zinc sulphate @ 0.6%, M2-ferrous sulphate @ 0.2%, M3-borax @ 0.5 and M4-Ammonium molybdate @ 0.5%). The sulphur was applied as soil application just before sowing and micronutrients (Zn, B, Fe and Mo) as foliar spray at 40 days after sowing. Recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers applied uniformly in whole experimental area. The results of the study have clearly indicated that among sulphur levels, application of sulphur 60 kg/ha significantly improved yield and quality parameters viz., average weight of clove, average weight of bulb, bulb yield per plot, per hectare, nitrogen content, phosphorus content, potassium content and sulphur content in bulb enhanced significantly by application of sulphur 60 kg/ha (S3) in both the years as well as in pooled analysis. Although, sulphur application at 40 kg/ha along with foliar application of zinc at 0.6 % was found at par to it. Similarly, among micronutrients foliar application of zinc sulphate @ 0.6% significantly influenced all the yield and quality parameters viz., average weight of clove, average weight of bulb, bulb yield/plot, bulb yield/hectare, nitrogen content, phosphorus content, potassium content and sulphur content in bulb of garlic in both the years as well as in pooled analysis.
Integrated Management of Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne Spp.) Using Fresh Organic Manure and Crotalaria brevidens Intercrop for Improved Growth and Yield of Tomato
Authors: Ngelenzi Munywoki James , Ogweno Joshua Otieno , Saidi Mwanarusi
Published: February 2022

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetables worldwide. Tomato productivity is limited by, among other factors, biotic constraints including root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne species) which lower both quality and quantity of the crop. Two trials were conducted at the Horticulture Research and Teaching Field, Egerton University, Kenya, to evaluate effects of fresh organic manure and slender leaf (Crotalaria brevidens var. brevidens Benth.) intercrop on management of root-knot nematode during tomato production as well as establish their effect on tomato growth and yield. Variables measured were nematode infestation, plant height,  stem collar diameter, number of internodes and branches, number of fruits, and fresh fruit weight. Use of fresh organic manure and slender leaf intercrop suppressed the nematode population by 27.8% to 53.5% reduction and significantly increased tomato fruit numbers by 22.2% to 49.7% and fresh fruit weight by 24.5% to 80.4% when used alone or in combinations compared to the control treatment. The combination of fresh goat dung and slender leaf intercrop resulted in the highest reduction in nematode population of 53.5%  and highest increase in total number of fruits of 49.7% and fresh fruit weight of  80.4%.
Assessment of Risk Factors and Outcome of Co-Infection of Soil Transmitted Helminths and H. pylori among School Age Children Living in Riverine Slum Settlements in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Onosakponome E. O. , Adedokun A. A. , Wogu Michael N.
Published: February 2022

Soil transmitted helminths and Helicobacter pylori are well-known for their high prevalence worldwide. In developing countries, Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) and H. pylori infectionis highly prevalent especially in human populations with low socioeconomic status and personal hygiene which promote the spread of these infections.

Aim: The objective of this study was to assess risk factors and co-infection of soil transmitted helminths and H. pylori among school age children living in Riverine slum settlements in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Methodology: A community-based study was conducted among 300 school age children from December 2018 to May 2019. Stool and venous blood samples were collected for analysis of STHs and H. pylori infection using standard methods, respectively after due ethical approval was obtained. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results: STHs and H. pylori IgG were detected in 36(12.0%) and 35(11.7%) of participants, respectively. The Prevalence was insignificant (P=05). Prevalence of H. pylori and STHs was not statistically associated with settlement location, age group or sex of the study. Poor hand washing practice and irregular deworming exercise are the major risk factors affecting the transmission of infection in the study populations.

Conclusions: Though prevalence is insignificant, we advice that better hygiene policies and adequate measures to prevent feacal- oral infection in school children for healthier status of school children and teenagers.
Controlling Wound Pathogen Using Stevia and Peppermint Based Mouth Gel
Authors: Shivani N. , Varghese Sheeja S. , Rajeshkumar S.
Published: February 2022

Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Stevia and peppermint based gel on Streptococcus aureus, E. coli and Pseudomonas.

Background: In recent years, the research concerning the use of herbal products has been vastly analyzed to assess their antimicrobial properties. It has been found that these herbs have certain phytochemicals which contributes to its antimicrobial property. The common oral wound pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Pseudomonas and Stevia-peppermint based mouth gel was formulated to check its antibacterial property.

Materials and Methods:  Stevia and Peppermint powder was bought from a local supermarket near Poonamallee. 1g of each stevia and peppermint was measured and dissolved in 100mL of distilled water. The mixture was boiled using heating mantle at 70oC for 15 minutes. Then the extract was filtered using Whatmann No.1 filter paper. The filtered extract was further condensed from 80mL to 10mL. 0.5 g of carbopol was added to the 10mL extract to make it in a gel consistency. This gel was focussed to act against the three wound pathogens, S. aureus, Pseudomonas, E. coli. Through agar well diffusion method, the antimicrobial property of various concentrations of the gel was tested and compared with known antibiotic amoxicillin.

Results: The current study revealed that Stevia- Peppermint based mouth gel had antimicrobial activity at all concentrations but was significantly less when compared with the standard and there was no significant difference in the antimicrobial activity between different concentrations of the gel used.

Conclusion: From the present study, it may be concluded that Stevia- Peppermint based mouth gel have potent antimicrobial properties.
Evaluation of Efficacy of 20% Nigella sativa on Gingival Health
Authors: Ilangovan Swetha , Rajasekar Arvina
Published: February 2022

Background: Gingivitis is a reversible inflammation of the gingiva. If it is left untreated it will progress to irreversible damage to the tissues like mobility and tooth loss. Previous studies have found that use of an antibacterial agent along with scaling and root planing is ideal for treating periodontal diseases. Nigella sativa is a herb with excellent antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antibacterial properties and hence was used in this study.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of 20% Nigella sativa mouthwash on gingival health in comparison to 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash.

Materials and Methods: The study was performed as a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial research study. A total of 30 patients were selected randomly, comprising two groups, 15 in each, aged between 18 and 28 years with gingivitis. The first group was advised to oral rinse with 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash and the second group with new formulated Nigella sativa herbal mouthwash for 1 week. The plaque index and gingival index scores were calculated before administering them the mouthwashes. Then subsequently after one week the plaque and gingival index scores were taken for the 30 patients. The final data was sorted in excel and statistically analysed using IBM SPSS software analysis, unpaired t-test. The results were interpreted as graphs and tabulations.

 Results: The group 1 patients were found to have a mean plaque index value of 2.6±0.49 before mouthwash usage and post 1 week usage of chlorhexidine the plaque index was 1.53±0.51. The mean plaque index was 2.53±0.51 prior to usage of mouthwash in group 2 and 1.27±0.45 post usage of Nigella sativa mouthwash. The difference in plaque index between both the groups was found to be statistically non-significant (p=0.067). The mean gingival index of patients who used chlorhexidine was 2.53±0.51 before the mouthwash usage and 1.33±0.45 after mouthwash usage. In group 2 the gingival index before the mouthwash usage was 2.47±0.51 and after the mouthwash was 1.47±0.51. However the difference in gingival index between both the groups was not statistically significant (p=0.393)

Conclusion: The present study reveals that the Nigella sativa mouthwash was more effective in plaque control when compared to the standard chlorhexidine mouthwash. Herbal mouthwash shows promising results to be used as an alternative for chlorhexidine mouthwash for management of gingivitis.
Assessment of Waiting Time and Recommend the Strategies for Reduction of Waiting Time in Outpatient Department at AVBRH, Wardha, India
Authors: Deorankar Dhanshree Ram , Shinde Vitthal , Gudhe Vandana
Published: February 2022

Background: Prolonged waiting period for patients usually observed in outpatient service and this trouble come up with number of public health problems, weaken access to care interference of hospital work system and patient dissatisfaction. It is habitual to detect patient care being delay as prolonged waiting time, and patient many time expend more time in waiting than consultation. This study aims to reduce waiting time at outpatient department for total time management at AVBRH, Wardha.

Objectives: 1.  To determine average waiting period in outpatient department and factor related for prolonged waiting. 2. Provide recommendations on utilization of waiting period .

Methodology: It will be an observational cross sectional stud conducted at AVBRH Wardha. OPD patients at AVBRH will be included in the study. Data will be collected over a period of 2 months by direct field observation and will be appropriately analyzed.

Expected Results:  Reduction of waiting period by total time management  helps to increase the level of satisfaction of patients.  Judicious utilization of time and human resources will be helpful in increasing hospital efficiency and make positive impression of hospital.

Conclusion: Hospital efficiency can be improved by appropriate intervention  and reducing waiting period.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesised Using Pterocarpus santalinus
Authors: Bhonsle A. Shivapriya Raje , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Inflammation is a biochemical response of the immune system that can be caused by a wide range of factors, including bacteria, infected cells and toxic substances.Pterocarpus Santalinus L. f. (Fabaceae) is most commonly referred to as red sandalwood in English, but it also has several common names in many languages , The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti inflammatory activity of Pterocarpus Santalinus.

Materials and Methods:  The plant extract was prepared and then the selenium nanoparticles were further synthesized. This has been regularly found in UV-vis spectrophotometers. This assay has the potential to calculate extracts by adding hydrogen to DPPH radicals. Pterocarpus Santalinus at different concentrations measured by the inhibition of albumin denaturation assay. In recent times, attention has continued to be paid to natural products and drugs as anti-inflammatory, based on reactions with free radicals and other reactive species. Further, increase in the concentration in turn increases the percentage of inhibition.

Results: In the present study, it was found that the biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles had potent anti-inflammatory activity.
Cytotoxic Effect of Coriander Oleoresin against Lung Cancer Cell Line A549
Authors: Tamilmani Hemaanhini , Roy Anitha , Raghunandhakumar S. , Elumalai P. , Lakshmi T.
Published: February 2022

Aim: The main aim of present study was to assess the cytotoxic effect of coriander oleoresin against lung cancer cell line A549.

Introduction: Coriandrum sativum (Coriander), family Umbelliferae. Coriander contains mainly essential oil and has antioxidant, diuretic, anti-diabetic anticonvulsant, hypnotic sedative, anti-mutagenic, antimicrobial, anthelmintic activity.

Materials and Methods: Coriander oleoresin (product number: 4010000243) was obtained from Synthite Industries Private Limited, Kerala. In the present study, lung cancer cell line A549 was treated with coriander oleoresin at different concentrations and later evaluated for its cytotoxic activity using MTT assay.

Results: The cytotoxic effect of coriander oleoresin on lung cancer cell line was proved; the drug concentration increased, the percentage of cell viability decreased proving its cytotoxic effect. The coriander oleoresin has shown a dose dependent cytotoxic effect on lung cancer cell lines. As the drug concentration increased, the percentage of cell viability decreased proving its cytotoxic effect. The IC50 value was 80 μg/ml.

Conclusion: In the present study, coriander oleoresin showed a good cytotoxic effect on lung cancer cell lines which may be helpful in treatment of lung cancer. However more research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of the cytotoxicity property of the plants.
NAÇÃO, TERRENO DO DUPLO: A FUNÇÃO DO DUPLO NA MITOLOGIA DO ESTADO ABSOLUTISTA E DO ESTADO-NAÇÃO
Authors: Fernandes Breno
Published: February 2022

Este artigo faz uma leitura comparada entre a versão registrada por Plutarco do mito de Rômulo e Remo e a história das gêmeas Olanna e Kainene, personagens de Meio sol amarelo, romance da nigeriana Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, que trata do surgimento e do esfacelamento de Biafra (atual Nigéria). O objetivo precípuo é sugerir que a figura do duplo, em ambas as narrativas, cumpre uma função mitológica comum relacionada à fundação tanto do Estado absolutista quanto do Estado-nação. A diferença que se observa tem a ver com o destino do duplo após o Estado ser fundado. No Estado absolutista, a presença do duplo humano torna-se empecilho, na medida em que o soberano passa a estabelecer uma relação de duplo com o próprio Estado, sendo necessário, portanto, o afastamento do duplo anterior, que por vezes se dá pela morte. Já no Estado-nação, que tem a fraternidade como um de seus pilares simbólicos, a presença do duplo é condição sine qua non não só para legitimar a fundação da nação, mas também para justificar sua continuidade.
RELAÇÕES ENTRE LINGUAGEM E MORTE EM LYGIA FAGUNDES TELLES E INÊS PEDROSA
Authors: Alves Licilange Gomes , Bylaardt Cid Ottoni
Published: February 2022

Este estudo propõe um diálogo entre as literaturas de Portugal e Brasil e usa como corpus As meninas (2009), de Lygia Fagundes Telles, e Fazes-me falta (2011), de Inês Pedrosa, com o objetivo de verificar como se dão as relações entre morte e linguagem nas obras. Para alcançar esse objetivo, serão tomadas, especialmente, as considerações de Maurice Blanchot (1987) e (1997) e Roland Barthes (2004) e (1997); para apropriação de informações sobre as autoras, será usada a fortuna crítica de cada uma, como Sônia Régis (1998), Diana Navas e Telma Ventura (2017). Foram identificados pontos de encontro entre as escritoras, como a percepção de que as duas realizam um trabalho de esmerilhamento com a palavra literária, levantando reflexões em torno do próprio objeto laboral do escritor, a linguagem, e usam a temática fúnebre, também, para suscitar questões metalinguísticas.
CAROLINA MARIA DE JESUS E O TEATRO: CRIAÇÕES E ADAPTAÇÕES
Authors: Gonçalves Maria Clara , Fernandez Raffaella Andréa
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo apresenta e discute a faceta dramatúrgica da escritora Carolina Maria de Jesus. Apesar de possuir uma obra literária que contempla diversos gêneros literários, alguns textos de Carolina permanecem desconhecidos do grande público, como é o caso do teatro. O presente trabalho busca sanar essa lacuna, apresentando e analisando duas peças inéditas de Carolina Maria de Jesus: A senhora perdeu o direito e Obrigado senhor vigário. Para que se possa compreender melhor a relação da escritora com o teatro, o artigo inicia-se com uma sucinta apreciação da adaptação de Quarto de Despejo, realizada em 1961 por Edy Lima. Ao final do texto, há a análise da releitura e adaptação de Obrigado Senhor Vigário realizada pela companhia Clariô, em 2019 na cidade de São Paulo, sob a direção de Naruna Costa, que demonstra a potência da obra dramática de Carolina de Jesus e suas inúmeras possibilidades de encenação.
A IMENSIDÃO DOS INTERIORES: O MERGULHO INTROSPECTIVO NOS POEMAS DE MARTA CHAVES
Authors: Azzi Júlia Nunes
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho propõe um estudo sobre a poética de Marta Chaves, centrando-se no movimento de introspecção e reflexão que seus poemas apresentam e analisando-os como uma forma de procurar sentidos na interioridade do eu, em meio à solidão. Este estudo concentra-se em três poemas do livro Varanda de inverno (2018): “Solar”, “Banquete” e “Primeiro: continuar. Segundo: começar”. Objetiva-se compreender de que maneira é construída essa atmosfera íntima, através de uma análise das escolhas vocabulares e sonoras e das imagens criadas nos poemas, e, a partir disso, refletir sobre como essa introspecção carrega consigo a ideia de um descortinar do mundo, a partir da investigação do ser. Como aporte teórico, são utilizadas as ideias de teóricos como Gaston Bachelard (1978), Victor Chklovski (1971) e Iuri Tynianov (1975), dentre outros.
“QUÁRA” DO JABUTI: REFLEXÕES SOBRE O CICLO DO JABUTI
Authors: Bonavina Rafael
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho levantou uma hipótese para explicar a supressão da tradução da palavra “quára” no conto VIII do ciclo do Jabuti encontrado em O Selvagem, de Couto Magalhães. Para isso, começamos nossa análise pelo gênero textual das narrativas, levando em conta diversas versões do ciclo do Jabuti. Em seguida fazemos algumas considerações a respeito da caracterização do personagem em si mesmo. A partir dessas reflexões, depreendeu-se que a supressão ocorreu por exigência do mercado editorial brasileiro do século XIX.
“MEU LIVRO DE CORDEL” ATRAVÉS DE TEMPOS, VERSOS E MEMÓRIAS: RESISTÊNCIAS EM IDENTIDADES
Authors: Silva Meire Oliveira
Published: February 2022

A obra de Cora Coralina ressoa na Literatura Brasileira como uma das mais genuínas vozes de mulheres a elevar a poesia popular e a cultura regional ao lugar de inquietações contemporâneas que atestam o caráter universal de suas produções. Mulher de educação tradicional e, talvez por esse motivo, desde cedo afastada das letras, conheceu o casamento, a rejeição familiar, o ofício de doceira e algum reconhecimento após o lançamento de seu primeiro livro apenas na maturidade, após os 70 anos de idade. No entanto, sua inclinação precoce à literatura junto a um olhar arguto para seu momento histórico a levou à realização de uma obra que transita por diversas temáticas, estilos e pautas entre tramas que aludem ao narrativo, ao lírico e ao memorialístico dos registros de lugares que reverberam como microcosmos de eventos históricos cujos ecos incidem sobre a contemporaneidade confirmando a atualidade de sua escrita. Assim, a análise de Meu livro de cordel (1976) alude a questões que dialogam (BAKHTIN, 1997) com os estudos de Literatura (CANDIDO, 2006), gênero (MACHADO, 2003) e memória (CANDAU, 2014).
UM SENTIMENTO TÃO FEIO QUANTO O TORPOR
Authors: Silva Ruan Nunes
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar de que formas o torpor, um afeto tradicionalmente lido como negativo, pode ser útil quando se interrogam as estruturas sociais heteronormativas. Para tal, uma leitura do torpor na obra Chelsea Girls de Eileen Myles é realizada com o intuito de sublinhar as interpretações do estado de entorpecimento nas interações da protagonista da obra com o mundo ao seu redor. Considerando as contribuições de Muñoz (1999), Despentes (2016), Ahmed (2010) e outros, pode-se concluir que o torpor é um afeto complexo que, em negociações que não estão isentas de sofrimento, revela inconsistências no cenário social político ao questionar o que se convencionou chamar de “sentimentos bons”. Desta forma, o torpor se torna um “sentimento feio” com usos políticos possíveis.
OS SILÊNCIOS DE KIMIKO EM SONHOS BLOQUEADOS, DE LAURA HASEGAWA
Authors: Da Silva Gabriela Fujimori
Published: February 2022

Sonhos bloqueados, publicado no ano de 1991, é o primeiro romance de autoria de Laura Honda-Hasegawa. A personagem-narradora Kimiko é descendente de família japonesa e revela o imponente respeito à hierarquia familiar, atentando-se à tarefa de ser útil, cuidando dos familiares, especialmente sob as coordenadas da figura paterna. Diante desse contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e compreender as formas de silêncio que marcam as vivências de sentimentos dúbios de Kimiko, que oscilam entre suas próprias vontades e a presença da cultura oriental que a impele às decisões paternas e aos ensinamentos familiares de obediência feminina. Para tanto, o trabalho terá como subsídio teórico os estudos de Eni Orlandi (1997), do historiador Oliveira Lima (1903) e de Inumaru (2019).
MEMÓRIA(S) EM LA DISTANCIA QUE NOS SEPARA
Authors: Martinez Adriana Binati
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo apresenta uma leitura da construção da(s) memória(s) no romance La distancia que nos separa (2015), de Renato Cisneros. O jornalista e autor peruano alicerça a narrativa em liames tênues e porosos entre biografia, ficção e história abertos a múltiplos signos de compreensão. Nesta proposta analítica lemos a obra como autoficção onde o narrador desenterra a figura paterna Luis Federico Cisneros Vizquerra – mais conhecido como El Gaucho Cisneros, general da División del Ejército Militar del Perú – para contestar a uma obsessão: a busca da identidade. Regressar ao passado apresenta-se como uma forma de ler o presente e a si próprio. Apoiados em AÍNSA (2012), RICOUER (2010), SARLO (2007), interpretamos que o entendimento da memória é engendrada na ideia de uma construção permanente impugnando qualquer versão acabada dessas vivências, identidades e escrita narrada.
A NOTÁVEL ABRANGÊNCIA DOS ESTUDOS LITERÁRIOS: UM PASSEIO PELO VOLUME 70 DA ELL
Authors: Quadrado Lauro Iglesias , Gayer Juliana Ludwig , Kupske Felipe Flores
Published: February 2022

Dividimos com nosso público leitor, com enorme satisfação, o novo número da Revista Estudos Linguísticos e Literários. Ao analisarmos o material recebido, podemos constatar, com o grande volume e qualidade de contribuições, que há um enorme interesse pelos Estudos Literários e pelas possibilidades de discussão que eles propõem. Os textos que foram considerados para publicação na ELL encampam o tripé teoria/crítica/historiografia literária de maneira extremamente abrangente. Como editores, vemos, na variada gama de textos compilada aqui, uma contribuição importante para a expansão dos Estudos Literários como um campo do conhecimento que é, ao mesmo tempo em que consolidado academicamente, também palco de embates para deslegitimá-lo e reduzi-lo a segundo plano na arena pública. Sendo assim, celebramos o acervo que passará a ser disponibilizado pela ELL, que conta com textos publicados que variam largamente entre si em temática e em corpus analisados. Ademais, também é motivo de satisfação para nós que contemos com produções de autorias diversas e oriundas de todas as cinco macrorregiões do Brasil.
VIDA, PAIXÃO E MORTE REPUBLICANA DE DON RAMÓN FERNÁNDEZ Y FERNÁNDEZ: A ANTI-SAGA DA IMIGRAÇÃO GALEGA EM SALVADOR
Authors: Quintela Antón Corbacho , Nunes Margareth de Lourdes Oliveira
Published: February 2022

Na novela Vida, Paixão e Morte Republicana de Don Ramón Fernández y Fernández (ARAÚJO, 1987; 1990) são expostas imagens da imigração galega em Salvador entre as décadas de 1930 e 1970. Essa imigração foi observada em livros de viagens e constituiu o corpus e o objeto de pesquisas. Todavia, essa colônia só gerou repertório para um produto literário. Com base nas noções de repertório (EVEN-ZOHAR, 1997), de habitus (BOURDIEU, 1972) e de comunidade nacional (ANDERSON, 1998 [1983]), o objetivo é a observação da caracterização desses galegos na novela e explicar por que esse produto literário foi ignorado pela colônia galega em Salvador. Para a compreensão da questão, expõem-se, visando à comparação com o caso baiano, as narrativas em que os galegos, e espanhóis, em São Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro, foram representados. Em segundo lugar, indicam-se os resultados dos trabalhos acadêmicos focados na colônia galega soteropolitana. Finalmente, analisa-se o repertório da novela. Conclui-se que o retrato cáustico dessa colônia gerou o silenciamento da obra.
A Study on the Improvement of Evacuation Routes according to the Quantitative Evaluation of Fire Disaster Vulnerable Facilities
Authors: Kim Hyeongwoo , Choi Insu , Rie Dongho
Published: February 2022

In this study, the available safe egress time of occupants in elderly nursing hospitals was calculated from the ignition time using Fire Dynamics Simulator by considering the evacuation characteristics of the vulnerable. The required safe egress time for each evacuation condition was also calculated using Pathfinder to determine the evacuation time. Finally, the calculated results were used to assess evacuation efficiency according to the performance of the selected evacuation route. FED-based quantitative death prediction indicated that the efficiency of single and distributed evacuation caused minimization of casualties in the event of a disaster. The results collectively justify the need for a ramp in disaster-prone facilities and highlight the importance of managing fire hazards.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Variability in Domestic PM10 Data Using Grid Based Spatial Interpolation Method
Authors: Lee Jinwook , Byun Jongyun , Hwang Seunghyun , Jun Changhyun , Baik Jongjin
Published: February 2022

This study analyzed spatiotemporal variability in domestic PM10 data from 2001 to 2019. From annual numbers of stations between 175 and 484, the point data at each station were spatially interpolated using the inverse distance weighted method. A periodic variability in daily mean data was examined through wavelet analysis, which showed that there was a clear annual pattern with the periodic change following a regular cycle. The Mann-Kendall Test for monthly and annual mean data showed a decreasing trend in about 1 µg/m3 per year. The spatial change in the grid data for annual mean data represented that it was relatively higher in the northern regions than that in the southern regions and its mean and deviation decreased significantly over time. For the entire period of observation data, it was found that annual mean and standard deviation of PM10 concentrations were relatively high in the region near the metropolitan area.
Acute Nitrite Exposure Induces Dysfunction and Oxidative Damage in Grass Carp Isolated Hemocytes
Authors: Zhang Ting-ting , Ma Pin , Yin Xiao-yan , Yang Dong-ye , Li Da-peng , Tang Rong
Published: February 2022

To evaluate the effects of nitrite on the oxidative damage of blood cells of Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, the isolated hemocytes were exposed to nitrite (0, 1, 10, or 100 mg/L) for up to 24 h. Hemoglobin (Hb) and methemoglobin (MetHb) concentrations, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), and antioxidant enzyme activity were assayed to assess hematological parameters and the antioxidant defense mechanism. Results showed a remarkable decrease in Hb concentration with increasing nitrite concentration after a 24-h exposure, while the MetHb concentration increased significantly in nitrite exposure groups. The levels of ROS, ∆Ψm, and MDA increased to varying degrees with increases in nitrite exposure concentration and time. The total antioxidant capacity, catalase (CAT) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and glutathione content showed a trend of rising initially and then decreasing with prolonged exposure time. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher in the 1-mg/L nitrite exposure group and lower in the 100-mg/L group than in the control. The relative messenger RNA expression ratios of cat, sod1, and gpx were up-regulated significantly in the 1- and 10-mg/L groups and then declined in the 100-mg/L group. Therefore, it can be concluded that nitrite exposure activates the antioxidant defense mechanism of Grass Carp hemocytes and that the balance of oxidant–antioxidant homeostasis will be undermined by higher nitrite doses or longer exposure periods.