bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Salivary Lactate Dehydrogenase in Oral Malignancies
Authors: Mundakal Joseph , Nirhale Dakshayani , Bandla Vijetha
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION
Diagnostic delays are one of the key reasons behind the poor prognosis and outcomes in oral mailgnancies. The non-invasive technique of saliva collection reduces anxiety and discomfort associated with serum sample collections and simplifies the procurement of repeated samples for longitudinal, long-time monitoring.
Progressive increase in Lactate dehydrogenase levels are seen to be positively related to the degree of cellular atypia and can be used as a screening tool in assessing the malignant potential of premalignant lesions.
AIMS
To study the correlation between increase in salivary Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in oral malignant and pre malignant lesions and to study the role of salivary Lactate dehydrogenase as an alternate to conventional biopsy and prognostic tool.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
All patients with premalignant and proven malignancies were made to give salivary samples before and after surgical intervention. A follow up salivary Lactate dehydrogenase was taken at 6 months, 1 year and 2 year interval for any change in trends and for any rise in levels if recurrences occurred.
RESULTS
There was a statistically significant (p=0.0001) difference in Lactate dehydrogenase levels pre and post operatively in oral lesions. In cases of recurrence there was a significant rise in LDH levels compared to those without recurrence at similar intervals.

CONCLUSION
A significantly higher salivary LDH level with a statistically significant fall in the post operative LDH levels(p value= 0.001), This indicates a positive correlation between salivary LDH and presence of dysplastic and malignant cells and can be considered as a non invasive alternative to conventional biopsy with a possible use of salivary LDH as a screening tool to predict recurrence or progression of disease process.
The evaluation of hip joint pathologies in pediatric age group with MRI
Authors: Turan Aynur , Akdag Tuba , Yildirim Ferhat , Ozsoy Hilal
Published: August 2022

Diagnosis of hip pathologies in the pediatric age group has difficulties. This study aimed to evaluate the hip diseases and prevalences detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients presenting with a preliminary diagnosis of hip pain. The MRI scans of pediatric patients who underwent hip MRI were re-evaluated retrospectively. Clinical and laboratory findings, pathology reports, operation and follow-up notes from the hospital information system, and MRI findings were re-evaluated as a whole and noted. It was examined whether there was a correlation between the prevalence of pathologies and the demographic data, such as age and gender. A total of 101 pediatric patients with hip pain were included in the study. The mean age was 12.29±3.35. Of these patients, 36 (35.6%) were female, and 65 (64.4%) were male. There was right hip involvement in 29 (28.7%), left hip in 47 (46.5%), and bilateral hip involvement in 25 (24.8%) patients. Legg-Calvé Perthes (LCP) disease was the most common final diagnosis seen significantly more frequently in males (p=0.016). Ischiofemoral impingement was significantly more common in girls (p=0.004). Avulsion fractures were significantly more commonly detected by patients over 10 years of age (p=0.019). Similarly, ischiofemoral impingement was more common in patients over 10 years of age (p=0.040). On the contrary, LCP disease was significantly more common in patients under 10 years of age (p<0.001). We observed that hip pathologies in children show significant differences between different age groups and genders. Because wrong and delayed diagnosis can cause irreversible joint destruction and early development of osteoarthritis, a fast and accurate diagnosis of hip pathologies in children is critical. Therefore, MRI plays a crucial role in the differential diagnosis of hip diseases, determining the correct treatment methods, and postoperative follow-up.
The COVID-19 fear and loneliness as the predictors of social media addiction in young
Authors: Ayhan Didem , Oz Hilal
Published: August 2022

Young people use social media more than others, and this comes to the fore with COVID-19. This research aims to analyze to what extent the COVID-19 fear and loneliness which affect social media addiction in young adults and to what extent this effect changes as per gender. In this research, the UCLA Loneliness Scale-8, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and the Social Media Addiction Scale were used. Through convenience sampling, a total of 507 young adults aged 18-24 years were selected for the research sample. In the evaluation of research data, frequencies, percentages, correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression analysis were used. The mean duration of time spent on social media was 4.26±2.324 hours per day, and mostly used application was the WhatsApp (31.2%). Social media addiction has weak positive relationships with COVID-19 fear and loneliness, and moderately positive relation-ship between the time spent on social media, and, the time spent on social media has weak positive relationships with COVID-19 fear and loneliness. COVID-19 fear, loneliness, and time spent on social media were identified accounted for 17.1% of the variance in social me-dia addiction for the total group and identified accounted 17.5% for female group. Loneliness was not included in the model for the male participants, rather, the COVID-19 fear and time spent on social media were the predictors of social media addiction for 20.5% in men.
Beyhakî’nin Hayatı, Eserleri ve es-Sünenü’l-kebîr’in Mukaddimesi el-Medhal ilâ ‘il-mi’s-sünen’i
Authors: DOĞAN Halil İbrahim
Published: August 2022

Hadis ilmi tarihinde önde gelen şahsiyetlerden birisi, hicrî IV. ve V. asırda yaşayan Ebû Bekir Ahmed b. el-Hüseyn b. ‘Alî el-Beyhakî’dir. Beyhakî, günümüzde İran sınırları içerisinde yer alan Sebzevar’da (eski ismi Beyhak) 384/994’te doğup büyümüş, daha sonra başta Neysâbûr olmak üzere Cibâl, Irak ve Hicaz bölgelerine ilmî seyahatler yapmıştır. Bu yolculukların akabinde memleketine dönen Beyhakî, Büyük Selçuklu Devleti Tuğrul Bey döneminde yaşayan Eş‘arî fitnesi nedeniyle tekrar Hicaz’a gitmek zorunda kalmış ve 455/1063’te Beyhak’a geri dönmüş, kısa bir süre sonra da 458/1066’da Neysâbûr’da vefat etmiştir.

Beyhakî, İslâmî ilimlerin farklı alanlarında birçok kitap telif etmiştir. Bunların içerisinden es-Sünenü’l-kebîr, Ma‘rifetü’s-sünen ve’l-âsâr, es-Sünenü’s-sagîr, el-Hilâfiyyât, Şu‘abu’l-îmân öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ise uzun zamandır eksik bir hâlde elimizde bulunan ve yakın bir zamanda tam olarak basılan es-Sünenü’l-kebîr’in mukaddimesi el-Medhal ilâ ‘ilmi’s-sünen ele alınmıştır. İlk önce şekil açısından el-Medhal’in ismi, telif zamanı ve yazma nüshaları üzerinde durulmuştur. Akabinde ise el-Medhal’in muhtevasına temas edilmiş, içeriğinin hadis usûlünün yanı sıra fıkıh usûlü ve ilimle ilgili konulardan oluştuğu görülmüş, ayrıca Şâfi‘î’nin er-Risâle’si ile arasında bir karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Daha sonra el-Medhal’deki hadis usûlü konuları bağlamında Beyhakî’nin görüşlerine temas edilmiştir. Bütün bu araştırmanın sonucunda el-Medhal’in sadece hadis usûlü konularını ele alan bir eser olmadı-ğı, Şâfi‘î’nin er-Risâle’sinden oldukça fazla etkilendiği, Beyhakî’nin senedli rivayetler naklederek ko-nuları ele aldığı ve kendisine ait görüşlerin nadiren bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Öğrencilerin İlahiyat Koleji, Meslek Dersleri ve Meslek Dersleri Öğretmenlerine İlişkin Metaforik Algıları: KKTC Örneği
Authors: KALKAN Ümit
Published: August 2022

Bu araştırmada KKTC eğitim sisteminde örgün din eğitimi müfredatına sahip ilk okul olan Hala Sultan İlahiyat Koleji öğrencilerinin; ilahiyat koleji, meslek dersleri ve meslek dersleri öğretmenlerine yönelik zihinsel imgelerinin metaforlar aracılığı ile belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenolojik desende ölçüt örnekleme yöntemiyle tasarlanmıştır. Çalışma grubu 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılında kolej ve ilahiyat bölümlerinde öğrenim görmekte olan 262 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verileri içerik analizine tabi tutularak olumlu ve olumsuz şeklinde iki kategoride toplanmıştır. Buna göre öğrencilerin ilahiyat koleji, meslek dersleri ve meslek dersleri öğretmenlerine yönelik algılarının olumlu olduğu, kız öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilere göre olumlu algılarının daha fazla olduğu, sınıf düzeyine göre 12. sınıf öğrencilerinin 9. sınıf öğrencilerine göre olumlu, vatandaşlık düzeyine göre ise çifte vatandaşlığa sahip öğrencilerin olumlu ve olumsuz algılarının KKTC ve diğer ülke vatandaşlığı bulunan öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Mâverâünnehir'in İslâmlaşma Süreci
Authors: KARA Adnan
Published: August 2022

Bugün önemli bir kısmı Özbekistan Cumhuriyeti sınırları içinde yer alan coğrafya, IX. yüzyıldan itibaren kaynaklarda Mâverâünnehir olarak zikredilmektedir. Bu coğrafya, ilim-kültür ve sanata hayat veren, fikrî akımlara ev sahipliği yapan özel bir bölgenin adıdır. Asırlar boyunca İslâm bilim-düşünce tarihine yön veren ve İslâm medeniyetinin gelişimine katkı sağlayan sayısız bilim insanı yetiştirmiş olan bu bölge; tarih-kültür ve evrensel değerlerin buluştuğu ayrıcalıklı niteliklere sahip bir coğrafyadır. Buhara, Semerkant, Tirmiz, Taşkent ve Fergana gibi şehirler, birer ilim merkezi olmuştur. Öte yandan bu şehirler fikrî, felsefî ve dinî akımların doğduğu ve birçok ekollerin oluştuğu şehirlerdir. Önemli bir kısmı günü-müze kadar ulaşan; Tıp, Dil, Edebiyat, Felsefe, Kelâm, Tefsir ve Hadis gibi farklı alanlarla ilgili çok önemli eserler yine bu coğrafyada kaleme alınmıştır. VII. Yüzyılın ortalarında bölge insanının İslâmiyet hakkında dolaylı da olsa bilgi sahibi olduğu var sayılmaktadır. Henüz İslâm orduları tarafından bölgenin fethi gerçekleştirilmeden buralara seyahat eden Müslüman tacirlerin, İlim adamlarının ve manevî rehberler olarak bilinen gönül adamlarının Müslümanlığın yayılmasındaki rolü ve etkisi araştırılacak olup mevcut tartışmaların da bu çalışmada analiz edilmesi hedeflenmektedir. Mâverâünnehir’de İslâmlaşma sürecinin başlangıçtan itibaren nasıl geliştiği değerlendirilecek ve bir dönemlendirme yapılacak olsa hangi olayların hangi devletlerin ya da hangi şahsiyetlerin faaliyetlerinin esas alınacağı belirlenmeye çalışılacaktır. Türklerin Müslümanlarla ilk temasının Emeviler döneminde Nihavend Savaşı (21/642) sonrası olduğu bilinmektedir. Müslüman Arapların Mâverâünnehir’de Türklerle ilk karşılaşması ise 644 yılında olmuştur. Bu tarih esas alınacak olursa bölgedeki İslâmlaşma sürecinin ilk yüzyılda resmen tamamlandığı söylene-bilir. Ancak tüm Türkistan dikkate alındığında sürecin üç yüzyıl sonra tamamlandığını belirtmek gerektir. Özellikle Mâverâünnehir’de Müslümanlar ile bölge sakinleri arasında sürdürülen güç mücadelesi nedeniyle, şehirler sık sık el değiştirmiş ve tahrip edilmişti. Yaklaşık yüz yıl bölgede temin edilemeyen istikrarın İslamlaşma sürecini etkilediği muhakkaktır. Ancak İslâmlaşma çalışmalarında belli dönemlerde bir yavaşlamadan söz edilse de inkıtaya uğramadan sürdürüldüğü de belirtilmelidir. Bu çalışmada ilk temasla birlikte yaklaşık bir asırlık İslâmlaşma süreci değerlendirilecektir.
Ceride-i İlmiye Dergisi’nin Yaygın Din Eğitimine Katkısı
Authors: ÇITIRIK Amine Nuriye , ZENGİN Zeki Salih
Published: August 2022

Ceride-i İlmiye, which was published by Meshihat authority between the years of 1914-1922, was a journal feature of official correspondence and transactions. Later, with the effect of the situation in the Ottoman Empire, it became a journal that focused more on writing articles on scientific and religious subjects in order to inform, direct the society and provide psychological support to the people. The fact that it is the journal of the official institution, it has the opportunity to be delivered to many parts of the country and contributed to non-formal religious education at the point of informing the society. The aim of the study is to determine the level of success of Ceride-i İlmiye in the transmission of religious knowledge to the public. For this purpose, 9 articles published in the journal, each written by competent and respected authors on religious sciences, were determined and evaluated in terms of content, language, knowledge, and style. The research found that the Journal in question partially reflects the ideas of the official au-thority of the period, as it is the official publication of the Meshihat authority. In the articles examined, it was determined that the reasons of the negativities of the Ottoman State have been sought in getting away from the orders and prohibitions of Islam, and the emphasis has been placed on the best way to get out of this situation is to cling firmly to religion. Although a simple, understandable style was often pre-ferred in the articles, it has been determined that there were also articles that people with more ad-vanced religious knowledge could understand. It is pointed out that emphasis is placed on explaining the concepts in the articles, quotes from the views of the verses, hadiths, the people of the Sunnah and schol-ars, and the subjects were supported with stories and legends. In addition, it has been understood that periodic problems are effective in choosing the subject.
Hegel’in Diyalektiği ve Fanon’un Tanınma Mücadelesi: Siyah Derilinin Beyaz Maskesi ya da İçselleştirilmiş Oryantalizm
Authors: KAYA İrfan
Published: August 2022

Colonialism, which arose as a natural consequence of Western thought, which reduces "other" to "the same," has gained functionality especially with the process of modernisation. Non-Western societies subject to the process of modernisation had to fight for "recognition" against this "imperialism of the same". "Recognition" is also a "Hegelian idea" which is the core concept of Fanon 's thought as well. Recognition theoretical basis is based upon Hegelian thought. It is also possible to assume that Hegelian dialectical thinking took shape in the post-Hegelian world. Fanon, who is from an old colonial world where it was not yet commonplace to challenge slavery, thinks that by leaving the dialectical Hegelian circle it is possible to resist and speak for yourself. For, according to Fanon, the dialectic, which determines the necessity as the basis of its freedom, strips it from its own being from its own self. The other barrier to decolonization, which Fanon sees as a candidate for changing the world order, is that the slave, whom we see as an internalized orientalism, wants to look like the master, black skin wears a white mask in Fanon's terms. The article about Fanon's thought, in the sense of Black Skin and White Masks, aims to explore Hegel and his dialectics, Fanon and Fanon's critical dialog with Hegelian dialectics and phenomenology around the theme of internalized orientalism. The article attempts to demonstrate that by going beyond Hegelian dialectical thinking and attributing this to the necessity of removing the mask, it is possible to get rid of alienation and to speak for yourself, based on Fanon's black experience thanks to the deconstruction process.
The Science of Metaphysics and Different Naming Conventions Ranging From Prote Philosophia to al-‘ilm al-ilāhī: An Analysis Centered on Abū al-Barakāt al-Baghdādī
Authors: YILDIRIM Ömer Ali
Published: August 2022

Aristotle is considered to be the founding father of metaphysics. He specified the subject and scope of this science and used the names “first philosophy (prote philosophia)”, “theology” and wisdom (sophia) for it. However, there have been some changes both in the scope and naming of this science after his time. Alt-hough it is generally accepted that the subject of metaphysics is “being qua being,” there has been a con-fusion about the relationship between metaphysics and theology. Philosophers such as al-Fārābī and Avi-cenna directly studied this issue to eliminate such confusions. Different names such as first philosophy, after the physics, al-‘ilm al-ilāhī and al-ilāhiyyāt have always been used to refer to it. This study discusses why the science of metaphysics is named in different ways, mainly based on the evaluations of Abū al-Barakāt al-Baghdādī. It also questions if there is a relationship between different names and the scope of metaphysics and the method of analysis it uses? Do different names for the same scholarly area refer to the same science in terms of the subjects, areas of study and problems addressed, or does each name refer to different content than others? To achieve its intended aims, it also refers to the epistemology of Abū al-Barakāt al-Baghdādī.
Contributions of Jarida Al-Ilmiah to Non-Formal Religious Education
Authors: ÇITIRIK Amine  Nuriye , ZENGİN Zeki Salih
Published: August 2022

Jarida al-Ilmiah, originally known as Ceride-i Ilmiye in Ottoman Turkish, published by the Mashihat Au-thority between 1914 and 1922, was initially a publication in which official correspondence and transac-tions were announced to the public. Later, with the impact of the difficult situation that the Ottoman State experienced at the time, it grew into a journal that focused more on writing articles on scientific and religious subjects, to inform the society, to guide it and to psychologically support it. Since it was a journal published by an official institution and enjoyed the opportunity to be delivered to remote parts of the country, it promoted non-formal religious education by informing the society. The purpose of this study is to assess to what extent Jarida al-Ilmiah was successful in providing the public with religious knowledge. With this purpose in mind, nine articles, each written by a competent and respected author in religious sciences, were sampled and evaluated with respect to content, language and style. The results revealed that the journal partially reflected the ideas of the official authority of the time as it was the official publication of the Mashihat Authority. A major point highlighted in the articles was that the per-ceived reasons for the problems of the Ottoman State were considered to be getting away from the orders and disregarding prohibitions of Islam and that it was only possible to get rid of this plight by firmly ad-hering to the religion. Although a plain and comprehensible style was apparent in the articles, there were also pieces of writing that could appeal to people with more advanced religious knowledge. A striking feature of the articles was that they placed emphasis on elucidating critical concepts, quoting verses, hadiths, and the views of Ahl as-Sunnah scholars. Moreover, it was found that the problems of the period were influential in the selection of the issues that the journal addressed.
The Implicit Role of Custom (‘Urf) in the Islamic Jurisprudence of Saudi Arabia and Iran; A Comparative Legal Study of Mu‘āmalāt (Marriage and Divorce Rules) (PhD. Dissertation)
Authors: YAKAR Sumeyra
Published: August 2022

This research is an analysis of the connection between Islamic law (sharī‘a) and custom (‘urf); it proposes to identify how personal and social issues are treated within contemporary Saudi and Iranian legal approaches. The primary objective is to emphasise the interaction between custom and textual authority, and to develop an analytical framework of shar‘ī rules: namely, those that pertain to social relations in general and marital issues in particular. The study compares approaches adopted by Saudi-Ḥanbalī and Iranian-Ja‘farī scholars towards the shar‘ī status of ‘urf in three particular categories; the methodological perspective (classic and contemporary), the shar‘ī opinions of scholars (fatwā) and the court verdicts of judges (aḥkām).
From Ideology to Hadith Narration: The Effect of Human Geography on the Asbāb al-Riwāyah (Reason for Narration)
Authors: GÜL Recep Emin
Published: August 2022

This article based on the relationship between geography, culture and hadith narration. The subject of the research is the relationship between human geography and the asbāb al-riwāyah (reason for narration). For this, primarily, it is made a new definition of the asbāb al-riwāyah (reason for narration). Then, firstly the narration about the killing of Ammar b. Yasser was discussed in order to put forward the mentioned relationship. Secondly, the narration of “73 sects” was examined. The hadiths on the subject were primarily obtained from The Nine Books. However, secondary hadith sources were used when necessary. As a result of the researches, it was determined that the narration about the murder of Ammar b. Yasser, who go to the war alongside Ali, was narrated in Iraq, where Ali and his supporters lived. Similarly, it was understood that the narration of “73 sects” was narrated with the concept of “al-jama‘a” in the region of Damascus, where Muawiya and his supporters lived. In the study, it was decided that human geography affects the narration of hadith.
Synthesis and Characterization of N-Modified TiO2 for Efficient Removal of Rhodamine B Dye under Natural Sun Irradiation
Authors: Ghafoor Sameera , Aslam Rabya , Durrani Abdullah Khan
Published: August 2022

In this work, Nitrogen modified TiO2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via fast acid catalyzed sol-gel route with ammonia solution as a primary nitrogen precursor. The effect of amount of nitrogen was investigated by further incorporating secondary nitrogen in prepared sample with urea precursor by adopting wet impregnation approach. Pure TiO2 nanoparticles were also synthesized for comparison. Prepared photo-catalysts were characterized by Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction and diffuse reflectance spectroscopic analysis. XRD results confirmed the formation of anatase crystalline phase for all prepared samples. Laboratory test experiments on Rhodamine B (RhB) decomposition under artificial visible light (20W White LED) revealed the highest photocatalytic activity of catalyst doubly doped with ammonia solution and urea whereas pure TiO2 showed poor activity under visible light illumination. The effect of operational parameters such as catalyst dose, solution pH and substrate concentration on photocatalytic efficiency was also evaluated to obtain optimal conditions. Photocatalysis of RhB under natural sunlight with doubly-doped photo-catalyst (T5N2) showed remarkable photocatalytic performance of 99.9% after 1 hour illumination.
From the experience of organizing artistic and productive activities of older preschool children by means of distance education in the conditions of quarantine measures for the spread of COVID-19
Authors: Trubavina Iryna , Vorozhbit-Gorbatyuk Victoria , Shtefan Maryna , Kalina Kateryna , Dzhus Oksana
Published: August 2022

The relevance of the article relates to the need for continuing preschool education under quarantine conditions to prevent the spread of COVID-19 by means of distance technologies and preparation of children for STEAM education. Artistic and productive activities are considered to be the resource of STEAM education. The aim of the article is to substantiate educational opportunities of distance education programs for undertaking artistic and productive activities of older preschool children on quarantine. Research methods: theoretical analysis, surveys, generalization of experience, analysis of children’s products, parental feedback. The scientific basis of the study is a set of approaches of different levels. Scientific novelty of the research is two-fold. The possibility of organizing artistic and productive activities of older preschool children by means of remote technologies in terms of preparing parents to interact with educators and organizational, technical, informational assistance to children. The features of the organization of such education in Ukraine under conditions of introducing quarantine measures are revealed. Practical significance is viewed through development and approbation of the content of classes on artistic and productive activities, integrated with the fundamentals of mathematics. There have been developed the questionnaires on digital competence for educators and digital literacy for parents.
Bakhtinian Dialogue, Polyphony and the Trickster Countertype
Authors: Shen Oemer S.
Published: August 2022

This article explores the concepts of dialogue, polyphony, and the carnival, while providing an in-depth analysis of the ‘trickster countertype’1 (based on the Chinese mythological figure of the Monkey King) as a concept and a character in Gish Jen’s novel, within the context of creating a community without borders. It arrives at the conclusion that Gish Jen’s novel has clear examples of polyphony and Mona in the novel is a unique exemplar of a trickster countertype.
The Origin of Intercultural Dialogue Practice in European Union External Action
Authors: de Perini Pietro
Published: August 2022

This paper analyses the origin of the practice of ‘intercultural dialogue’ as a tool for European Union external action towards the Mediterranean. ICD is currently a relevant instrument in EU external relations. However, when it was first launched in 1995, in the policy initiative known as the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership or the Barcelona Process, ICD was granted little effort by the partners involved. Many accounts from that period agree that this tool initially took a back seat if compared to other political-economic priorities in the EU agenda in this initiative. The paper aims to investigate the reasons for the initial neglect of this tool, which was considered by many to be a relevant innovation when it was launched, but that has actually become a relevant resource for EU external action only recently. Through analysis of EU policy documents of the period, the paper demonstrates that the EU had envisaged strategic use of ICD before 1995, in particular, in the hope of tackling key issues, such as mounting xenophobia in Europe and escalating Islamic fundamentalism in the Maghreb. It thus identifies a dual explanation for the limited and ineffective scope attributed to ICD in the first years of the Barcelona Process. On the one hand, in 1995 a number of Mediterranean partner countries were reluctant to lend much credit to the intercultural aspects of regional cooperation, and, on the other, the EU at that time had a growing but still restrained perception of urgency for the emerging issues that ICD was designed to address.
Reflections on GCGI: Creating a Culture of Dialogue, Collaboration, and Cooperation for the Common Good
Authors: Mofid Kamran
Published: August 2022

The future is indeed fraught with environmental, socio-economic, political, and security risks that could derail the progress towards the building of ‘The Future We Want’. However, although these serious challenges are confronting us, we can, if we are serious and sincere enough, overcome them by taking risks in the interest of the common good. One thing is clear: the main problem we face today is not the absence of technical or economic solutions, but rather the presence of moral and spiritual crises. This requires us to build broad global consensus on a vision that places values such as love, generosity, and caring for the common good into socio-political and economic practice, suggesting possibilities for healing and transforming our world.
Debates and Decisions
Authors: Emerson Peter
Published: August 2022

In any debate, the purpose of which is to take a collective decision, the decision-making process to be used at the end of those deliberations will determine the nature of that debate. If that process is dichotomous, participants are likely to take sides and divide into two opposing camps; thus the atmosphere in debate is likely to become (perhaps bitterly) polarised. If however, the final decision-making process is non-majoritarian; if, in other words, the outcome is to be that option which gets the highest average preference (and an average, of course, involves every voter, not just a majority of them), then the debate may well take place in a more convivial atmosphere. This article first considers some of the disadvantages of majority voting before then describing a more inclusive measure of the collective will. The latter, it is suggested, will facilitate not only a more constructive milieu, but also a more accurate and therefore more democratic outcome. Accordingly, the article goes on to describe the nature and structure of a consensual debate.
‘Stir It Up’: Contestation and the Dialogue in the Artistic Practice of the Twin of Twins
Authors: Gaye Abdoulaye
Published: August 2022

It is widely accepted in Caribbean studies that there is an ongoing resistance culture in Jamaica’s dancehalls. However, the notion of resistance has remained confined to the terrain of what Carolyn Cooper calls ‘border clashes’ – local versus global, culture versus slackness, uptown versus downtown, and popular culture versus high culture. This article underlines the distinctive creativity of dancehall artistes such as the Twin of Twins, whose artistic practice generates a textual arena where different discourses can interact dialectically in various forms. It primarily explores the Twins’ treatment of resistance culture in their represented spaces. It subsequently discusses the dialogic dynamics involved in the relationship between the dominant and dominated classes. These analyses reveal the relational ethos of dancehall DJs’ counter-narratives and the Twin of Twins’ ability to produce a dialogic relation to social reality.
Bakhtin and Wittgenstein on Dialogue as a Methodological Concept and Theme
Authors: Lemberger Dorit
Published: August 2022

The concept of dialogue is a central element of Bakhtin’s writings, whereas Wittgenstein’s references to dialogue are generally in the negative vein. However, there does not seem to be another modern philosopher who has actually employed the dialogic method. But Wittgenstein’s dialogic texts also include monologic aspects, such as sensation and private transition. Bakhtin, by contrast, sometimes blurs the boundaries between dialogue in language and dialogue as a criterion for literary value. The article shows how Wittgenstein helps clarify the role of the monological in Bakhtin’s dialogic approach and how Bakhtin can facilitate a better understanding of the dialogicity in Wittgenstein.
The Polish Round Table 1989: Negotiating the Revolution
Authors: Szewczak Andrzej M.
Published: August 2022

The catastrophe and terror in the recent history of the Old Continent have precipitated unprecedented socio-political change witnessed, and experienced, by three generations of central-eastern Europeans. The collective political conscience of the continent was forged in the reconciliation of former belligerents, the dismantling of barriers assumed by newly broken alliances, and the construction of supranational structures of democracy. This required the work and sacrifice of a generation, living out shifting state ideologies; people who had to forego former prejudices and engage in a new, fluid dialogue, which had been formerly discouraged and repressed. Here, I reflect upon how the inauguration of a new, political dialogue at the executive level helped to establish today’s democratic, pluralist, and markedly stable, Polish state…
Winnicott’s Infant-caregiver Dynamic as a Bridge between Pentecostalism and Sufism
Authors: Evangelou Preston
Published: August 2022

This paper attempts to demonstrate how the Winnicottian concept of transitional progression might serve to explain similarities between Pentecostalism and Sufism by analogy of the infant- caregiver dynamic. Therefore, it is necessary to explain how maternal attunement to the infant’s biological needs support the infant’s development of a moral sense of awareness. The concept of the caregiver is a significant factor that convenes transitional progression by the practice of interplay. Hence, this method of transitional progression, according to the caregiver’s presence, is analogous to the practice of Pentecostalism and Sufism. Both denominations promote the internal regulation of ethical orientation by adhering to a care-based dynamic that serves to develop the moral compass. Wherein Pentecostal and Sufi spirituality encourage an internal effort to regulate moral attitude according to the desire to unify the heart to the presence of the Pentecostal sense of the Spirit, or the Sufi sense of the Beloved. In this way, ethical orientation is achieved by priming emotion in order to interpret what is right from wrong, transcending conscious efforts of logic and reason.
Insecticidal Effect of Cry Toxins Produced by Bacillus thuringiensis on Diceraeus melacanthus (Dallas, 1851) and Euschistus heros (Fabricius, 1798) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Costa Flávia S. S. da , Castro Marcelo T. de , Martins Érica , Monnerat Rose G.
Published: August 2022

Some species of the Heteroptera (Hemiptera) suborder are of great agricultural importance, mainly as pests, and their control is often necessary. The use of Bacillus thuringiensis, an entomopathogenic bacterium normally extracted from the soil and used in biological control, is an alternative to the chemical control of these insects. Mortality tests must be carried out in order to select and determine a viable toxic strain, but currently there is no validated methodology for conducting those tests. In this context, this research aimed to develop and improve a selective bioassay methodology to assess the toxic effect of B. thuringiensis Cry toxins on Diceraeus melacanthus (green-belly stink bug) and Euschistus heros (neotropical brown stink bug) nymphs. A bioassay methodology consisting of tubes and artificial diet was proposed. Bioassays with D. melacanthus and E. heros nymphs were performed incorporating Cry toxins (Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1B, Cry1C, Cry1F, Cry1G, Cry1Ia, Cry2Ab, Cry2A, Cry2Ae, Cry4A, Cry4B, Cry10, and Cry11Aa) into their liquid diet. The artificial feeding system developed in order to carry out the stink bug mortality tests was conducted. Among the toxins tested, we can highlight 2 causing 80-85% nymphal mortality on D. melacanthus, and 4 toxins causing 90-100% nymphal mortality for E. heros after 7 days of incubation. Both species are susceptible to different Cry toxins, with emphasis on Cry2Ab and Cry4B for D. melacanthus and Cry1B, Cry1G, Cry1Ia and Cry2Ab for E. heros.
Pathogenic Characterization of Pestalotiopsis grandis-urophylla Isolates Using Mycelial Suspension
Authors: Silva Lincon Rafael da , Marques Marina Gabriela , Dianese Erico de Campos , Rodrigues Fabricio , Oliveira Thiago Alves Santos de , Duarte Elizabeth Amélia Alves , Santos Solange Xavier dos , Carvalho Daniel Diego Costa
Published: August 2022

Eucalyptus species are among the most important forest crops in the world and can be affected by several pathogens, mainly by fungi of the genus Pestalotiopsis, which cause leaf spots. Studies aimed at the pathogenic characterization of Pestalotiopsis spp. from lesions of eucalyptus leaves in Brazil are still limited. The objective of this work was to evaluate the pathogenic potential of Pestalotiopsis grandis-urophylla isolates. For that, healthy leaves of adult Eucalyptus grandis ‘GG 100’ plants were inoculated with mycelial suspension of different P. grandis-urophylla isolates. The leaves inoculated with the pathogen were submitted to controlled conditions in a humid chamber in transparent acrylic gerbox boxes. Disease severity assessments were performed at 4, 6, 8 and 10 days after inoculation. Isolate E 72-04 had the highest area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). Regarding the development of lesions, isolates E-72-02 and E-72-03 fit the polynomial model of the second degree, while isolate E-72-04 fit a linear model. The methodology tested reproduced typical symptoms of Pestalotiopsis and can be used as a parameter for new pathogenicity tests with this fungal genus.
Removal of Methyl Red Dye Effectively Using Sorbents Obtained from Bark and Leaf of Erythrina Indica
Authors: Chukka Venkata Kishore Babu , K Swarnalatha , Kokkiligadda Venkata Ramana , Bollikolla Hari Babu
Published: August 2022

Dyes entering wastewaters affect both the aquatic creatures and humankind because they are toxic while also carcinogenic. As this is a trouble-free yet effective process, the adsorption system technology is being extensively employed to remove colors all from aqueous solutions for years. We investigated the use of Erythrina indica (EI) leaf powder, bark powder, leaf ash and bark ash for the adsorption of methyl red dye (MRD) from aqueous samples for its first time. The %MRD clearance using EI leaf powder, EI leaf ash, EI bark powder and EI bark ash displayed that the optimal condition of MRD clearance happened at pH unit of 4, 100 ppm concentration of MRD, sorbent dose at 1.4 gm/l, 27 oC temperature, and mechanical shaker agitation speed of 100 rpm. The best equilibration times for greatest percentile MRD removal were 105 minutes with EI leaf powder, EI leaf ash, EI bark powder and EI bark ash. The leaf and bark powder of EI and leaf and bark ash of EI can be considered an alternative feedstock in eliminating MRD in aqueous system because of its strong biosorption capacity and low cost, according to this study.
The role of pyrite in fossilisation and its potential instability
Authors: Miles Kieran
Published: August 2022

Pyrite often forms in organic-rich marine sediments through bacterial action. Bacteria reduce organics to form bisulphide, which reacts in turn with dissolved iron in seawater to form pyrite. Consequently, it is frequently found in stratigraphic formations that consist of marine clays. Pyrite can be involved in fossilisation through a number of ways, including complete replacement, as infill in permineralised bone, or simply as microcrystals finely disseminated through the fossil and matrix. Replacement by pyrite can often be easily recognised: the fossil may have a gold or brassy metallic lustre. Infill is harder to recognise, and disseminated pyrite even more so. Pyrite in fossils may be stable or unstable- in its stable form, pyritised fossils will generally retain their shiny, metallic appearance. Pyrite preservation and stability can vary even within the same specimen. Fossils preserved in pyrite can be prone to oxidation, particularly at high relative humidities. There are a number of signs that indicate oxidation is occurring, depending on the severity of the condition. One or more of the following may be present: a sulphurous smell, white or yellow powdery crystals on the surface of the specimen, expansion cracks, as well as acid burns on associated labels, boxes and drawers. Such burns often have a characteristic ovoid appearance. If left unchecked, pyrite oxidation can completely destroy a specimen and its labels.
Denotification of Sites of Special Scientific Interest
Authors: The Nature Conservancy Council
Published: August 2022

Readers will be aware that the main purpose of the Geological Conservation Review is to re-assess the relative significance of Britain's geological and geomorphological sites and to ensure that the coverage of SSSIs adequately represents the most important localities in these subject areas. The most well-known result is that a substantial number of new localities worthy of SSSI status has been identified, and that these are in the process of being notified as SSSIs to ensure their future protection. Perhaps less well-known is the fact that a number of localities, which were notified as SSSIs before the OCR started work in 1977, have been re-assessed as part of the OCR exercise and found not to measure up to the more rigorous selection criteria now being used, and are now being removed from the list of notified SSSIs.
The Storeton Quarry Discoveries Of Triassic Vertebrate Footprints, 1838 : John Cunningham's Account
Authors: Tresise Geoffrey
Published: August 2022

Chirotherium footprints were discovered at Storeton Quarry, near Birkenhead, in June l838. The footprints were impressed into thin seams of clay within the Keuper Sandstone. The stone tended to split apart along the clay layers, exposing natural casts of the footprints on the underside of the overlying sandstone. A previous paper (Tresise 1989) described the ways in which the Liverpool Natural History Society promulgated and publicised the finds. The present paper concentrates on the role played by John Cunningham, the Society member who first recognised the footprints.
PERAN PESANTREN DALAM DUNIA USAHA
Authors: Junaedi
Published: August 2022

Historically, the existence of Islamic boarding schools began to receive full attention from the government after the issuance of Law (UU) Pesantren No. 18 of 2019. Which regulates the implementation of the education function, the function of da'wah and the function of community empowerment. With the issuance of this law, it is a breath of fresh air for the role of Islamic boarding schools in providing educational services, building and maintaining the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia as a field of da'wah in maintaining the traditions and teachings of Islam rahmatan lil'alamin. Islamic boarding schools under individual policies led by a figure (kyai, Habib, ust and others) organize and formulate education optimally in accordance with the characteristics and peculiarities of the pesantren, not only educating, teaching, preaching, and training students according to Islamic rules. However, Islamic boarding schools are required to be independent, one of the efforts to encourage this independence is through the establishment of the Pesantren Business World. With the existence of this pesantren-owned business, students are prepared to enter the community by bringing religious knowledge and general knowledge, so they are not rigid in entering the world of business, business, culture and others. Pesantren besides being a means of da'wah with a deepening culture of Islam, however, it does not have to be hands off with the business world to realize business innovation as a driving force for the economy of pesantren and the people.
Pandangan Mahfud MD Tentang Hubungan Islam dan Negara di Indonesia
Authors: Mohammad Haris Taufiqur Rahman  , Fawaid
Published: August 2022

Hubungan agama dan negara menjadi sebuah kajian yang selalu eksis untuk dikaji, apalagi di negara Indonesia yang sangat majemuk warga negaranya. Dimana Pancasila mampu untuk menjadi ikatan persatuan dalam negara. Pancasila merupakan gagasan besar yang mampu membawa Indonesia merdeka, tidak hanya itu Pancasila merupakan sebuah dasar falsafah Negara, ideologi Negara dan sekaligus sumber utama dari segala sumber keputusan dan hukum di Negara Indonesia. Akan tetapi pada sekitar tahun 1980-an Pancasila juga banyak menuai kontroversi. Dari pemikirannya yang cemerlang, Pancaila akhirnya diterima sebagai asas tunggal negara Indonesia. Fokus masalah yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah; 1) Bagaimana hubungan Islam dan Negara? 2) Bagaimana pandangan Mahfud MD tentang Islam dan Negara di Indonesia? Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah; 1) Mengkaji hubungan Islam dan Negara dalam Negara hukum. 2) Menelaah dan mengkaji bagaimana pemikiran Mahfud MD tentang Islam dan negara di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kepustakaan, yang memusatkan serta membatasi kegiatannya pada kepustakaan untuk memperoleh data tanpa melakukan riset di lapangan. Maka sumber data yang diperoleh dengan menelusuri literatur-literatur dan media-media, yang berhubungan dengan masalah yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian. Terutama terkait relasi agama dan negara, terkhusus relasi agama dan negara dalam pemikiran Mahfud MD. Hubungan antara agama dan Negara yang harmonis senantiasa menghadirkan kenyamanan terhadap hubungan masyarakat dalam berbangsa dan bernegara, hal itu di Indonesia dapat dipahami pada sila pertama yang berbunyi “Ketuhanan yang maha esa”. Oleh karenanya Hubungan Agama dan Negara yang ada di Indonesia telah diperjelas dalam beberapa pasal-pasal dalam UUD yaitu: Pasal 28E UUD bahwa: “Setiap orang bebas memeluk agama dan beribadat menurut agamanya ”. Dengan sistem aturan yang demikian, maka seluruh warga negara dapat hidup berdampingan dan saling menghormati dalam perbedaan. Mahfud MD memiliki pandangan bahwa keterlibatan secara aktif dalam proses legislasi dari seluruh elemen pemeluk agama ini sangat penting, sebab pada kenyatannya hukum itu merupakan produk politik sehingga politik menjadi sangat independent bahkan determinan atas hukum. Sebagai produk politik hukum itu merupakan kristalisasi kehendak-kehendak politik yang saling berinteraksi dan saling bersaingan yang kemudian lahir sebagai kesepakatan politik. Apa yang kemudian dikenal sebagai hukum dalam arti peraturan umum yang abstrak dan mengikat sebenarnya tidak lain dari hasil pertarungan aspirasi politik. Dengan demikian maka segala bentuk proses musyawarah yang dilakukan,  dapat menjadi tolak ukur harmonisasi warga negara dalam menjalani kehidupan, utamanya saling menghormati dalam memeluk keyakinan sesama warga negara di Indonesia.
Una pipa con diseño afro procedente del centro histórico de Trujillo, Perú
Authors: Solano Jerry , Castañeda Juan , Zorzi Flavia
Published: August 2022

En este trabajo se describe una pipa de fumar modelada en cerámica, correspondiente a una categoría artefactual también designada en otros países como “cachimba” o “pito”. Esta pipa contiene diseños de posible filiación africana en su configuración. Fue recuperada en una obra pública en el Centro Histórico de Trujillo, Perú. Se detallan las particularidades morfológicas, estilísticas y tecnológicas de esta pieza, asociándola a pipas similares reportadas a lo largo de América, para orientar su identificación y contribuir con un nuevo registro al estudio de la diáspora africana en el Perú.
First Report of Bipolaris oryzae on Typha latifolia and the Pathogenicity of Its Isolates on Different Rice Varieties
Authors: Berbrer Fadoua , Lamrani Nadia , Imrani Nawal , Msairi Soukaina , Mouden Najoua , Benkirane Rachid , Ouazzani Touhami Amina , Douira Allal
Published: August 2022

Rice (Oryza sativaL.) is the staple food of more than half of the world population. However, its production is facing several biotic constraints. Among serious biotic factors that harm rice crops, the Helminthosporium disease has severe adverse impacts on rice yield, generating heavy losses of up to 90%. FourBipolaris oryzaeisolates were recovered for the first time from leaf lesions in the weed speciesTypha latifolia, and then subjected to pathogenicity tests on several rice varieties. The results indicated that Moroccan isolates ofB. oryzaealtered the leaf surface of five rice varieties tested. Among four isolates, Hor4 was the most pathogenic, showing high aggressiveness on the Cererrer and Elio varieties, with disease severity of 92.59%, followed by the Hor1, Hor2, and Hor3 isolates. The Arpa variety showed higher resistance to the Hor1 isolate, with a severity index of 35.18%. Through mycelial cutting or conidial suspension,B. oryzaeisolated fromT. latifoliawas able to produce conidia on the leaves of this weed species.
Dampak Kelebihan Kapasitas terhadap Pemenuhan Hak-Hak Warga Binaan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIA Jember
Authors: Aldiena Qodar Isl , Supianto Supianto , Wahyuningtyas Yuli Winiari
Published: August 2022

Overcapacity of detainees occurs in almost all prisons, this excess capacity causes various problems in prisons, such as the failure of the main purpose of the prison, namely the development of Correctional Assisted Citizens (WBP) and can lead to new crimes due to the excess capacity. The excess capacity of the inmates will have an impact on the fulfillment of the rights that should be obtained by the inmates. The aim of this research is to find out the impact of excess capacity of inmates on the fulfillment of the rights of inmates in the Class IIA Jember Penitentiary. This research uses normative and empirical research methods. The results showed that the impact of the excess capacity of inmates in the Class IIA Jember Penitentiary, among others: the difficulty of the prisoners to rest and activities, disruption of the rights of inmates, inadequate sanitation, conflicts that cause fights, and less than optimal supervision by officers. In an effort to overcome the impact of excess capacity of WBP, Jember Prison carries out various preventive and repressive efforts.