bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Universidad de Guadalajara y la Sinergia de su Red en: CUCEA, CUCBA y CUSUR
Authors: Cervantes-Guzmán Jovanna Nathalie
Published: July 2022

Propósito. Es necesario que los estudiantes universitarios se capaciten con casos reales para que experimenten el aprendizaje experiencial, en donde posean una experiencia concreta y aprendan de ella, integrando la capacitación, educación y las habilidades blandas, para armarlos de las herramientas necesarias para desarrollar una intención emprendedora.

Metodología. Lo anterior, se realizará mediante la formación del trabajo multidisciplinario utilizando modelos de negocios adaptados a la enseñanza del emprendimiento.

Hallazgos. Evitar dejar a la deriva al talento formado en las universidades, que no encuentra un estímulo al conocimiento para lograr el desarrollo de su emprendimiento

Originalidad. Propiciar a partir de trabajos escolares negocios potenciales, mediante la asociación de diferentes carreras universitarias para generar y potencializar relaciones profesionales multidisciplinarias alumno-alumno.
PENGARUH CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE DAN VARIASI PRODUK TERHADAP MINAT BELI ULANG BITTERSWEET BY NAJLA CABANG DEPOK
Authors: Dwi Indah Utami
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh customer experience dan variasi produk terhadap minat beli ulang produk Bittersweet By Najla Cabang Depok. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner secara online menggunakan google form kepada 100 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel customer experience dan variasi produk berpengaruh baik secara parsial dan simultan terhadap minat beli ulang Bittersweet By Najla Cabang Depok.
Comparison between self-reported smoking habits and daily ad-libitum smoking topography in a group of Korean smokers
Authors: Yang Jiyeon , Hashemi Shervin , Lee Chaelin , Han Wonseok , Song Yoojin , Lim Youngwook
Published: July 2022

Tobacco smoking is associated with a high global mortality rate since it is known to cause cancers and lung and heart diseases. To control and reduce annual mortality attributed to smoking, it is essential to design applicable smoke cessation programs based on realistic tobacco exposure risk assessment. In this regard, understanding the smoking habits of the smoker is crucial. Using self-report smoking habit surveys is a common approach in measuring basic variables of smoking habits. However, smoking topography measurement devices have recently become available for investigating smoking habit variables accurately. In this study, we conducted a self-report survey to investigate a group of Korean smokers’ smoking habit variables such as the number of smoked cigarettes per day, puff counts, and total smoking time. The survey also included items from the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). The results were compared with the corresponding variables from machine-determined data to investigate their correlation and reliability. Results indicate that Korean smokers have a reliable understanding of the average number of cigarettes they smoke daily (ρ = 0.517, Cronbach’s α = 0.754) and the time to first cigarette (TTFC) after waking up (ρ = -0.587, Cronbach’s α = 0.623), as fundamental items of the FTND score. Nevertheless, these smokers significantly under-reported the puff number and total smoking time, which can cause significant underestimation in the tobacco exposure risk assessment. Consequently, we suggest the application of self-report surveys that are based on the amount of daily smoked cigarettes (e.g. FTND) for clinical or risk assessment purposes. Using smoking topography measurement devices is recommended overusing self-report surveys in measuring smoking habit variables such as puff count and smoking time more accurately.
Analisis Pelayanan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak di Pulau Beeng Laut
Authors: Dwi Pramardika Dhito
Published: July 2022

Pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak merupakan pelayanan kesehatan yang bertujuan untuk menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pada ibu dan anak. Pada tahun 2017 terdapat 1 kasus angka kematian ibu di pulau Beeng Laut dan tidak adanya fasilitas kesehatan dan tenaga kesehatan disana. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak di Pulau Beeng Laut. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan indepth interview yang dilakukan terhadap 4 partisipan dan dianalisis dengan triangulasi sumber. Hasil pada penelitian ini adalah pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak yang dilaksanakan di Pulau Beeng Laut yaitu dilakukan satu kali dalam satu bulan, pelaksanaannya bersamaan dengan kegiatan Posyandu bayi dan balita, rendahnya pemanfaatan pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan ibu nifas dan neonatus serta rendahnya pemanfaatan masyarakat terhadap rumah tunggu yang telah difasilitasi Puskesmas dalam mengakses pelayanan kesehatan dan disarankan agar Pemerintah Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe dapat menyediakan fasilitas kesehatan dan tenaga kesehatan di Pulau Beeng Laut untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat di Pulau tersebut terutama kesehatan pada ibu dan anak.
PELAKSANAAN PUTUSAN PENGADILAN AGAMA MENGENAI PEMENUHAN HAK NAFKAH ANAK PASCA PERCERAIAN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA PEKANBARU
Authors: Azani Muhammad Azani , Cysillia Cysillia Anggaraini Novalis
Published: July 2022

Perkawinan merupakan peristiwa hukum yang mana dari peritiwa hukum akan menimbulkan akibat hukum yaitu timbulnya hak dan kewajiban dari suami dan istri, tetapi tidak semua  pasangan suami dan istri dapat mewujudkan tujuan perkawinan seperti yang terdapat dalam Pasal 1 Undang-Undang Perkawinan yang berujung pada perceraian di pengadilan. Berakhirnya perkawinan dengan Perceraian bukan berarti berakhir pula kewajiban orang tua untuk menafkahi anak-anak yang lahir dalam perkawinan tersebut. Dalam perkara perceraian biasanya hak asuh anak yang berusia dibawah 12 tahun akan jatuh pada ibunya, dengan kewajiban ayah untuk tetap menafkahi anak-anak hasil dari perkawinan tersebut sebagaimana terdapat dalam pasal 41 Undang-Undang Perkawinan. Permasalahan yang dibahas adalah terkait pelaksanaan, hambatan, dana upaya terkait putusan pengadilan mengenai pemenuhan nafkah anak pasca perceraian di Pengadilan Agama Kelas 1. A Pekanbaru. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan putusan Pengadilan mengenai hak nafkah anak pasca bercerai, untuk mengetahui hambatan-hambatan pelaksanaan putusan hak nafkah anak di Pengadilan Agama Kelas 1.A Pekanbaru dan upaya yang dilakukan oleh mantan istri terhadap mantan suami yang terbukti lalai melaksanakan putusan pengadilan agama mengenai hak nafkah anak pasca bercerai. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum sosiologis. Dalam pelaksanaan putusan Pengadilan Agama tingkat kesadaran mantan suami untuk melaksanakan putusan Pengadilan Agama mengenai hak nafkah anak sangat rendah
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN MENURUT AL-GHAZALI
Authors: Rasyidah Annisa
Published: July 2022

Pendidikan adalah sebuah aktvitas yang sangat penting sebagai upayadalam mengembangkan dan meningkatkan sumber daya manusia melalui transfer ilmu pengetahuan, keahlian dan nilai-nilai kehidupan guna membekali anak didik menuju kedewasaan dan kematangan pribadinya. Mengingat pentingnya pendidikan, maka diperlukan upaya yang serius, sistematis,melembaga dan berkelanjutan2 dari seluruh pihak sebagai upaya mempersiapkan anak bangsa menuju kehidupan bangsa yang lebih sejahtera, maju dan beradab.Pendidikan yang baik merupakan modal utama dalam kemajuan peradaban manusia, terutama dalam hal pengembangan nilai-nilai yang normatif, sehingga pendidikan tidak hanya menciptakan manusia-manusia yang pintar akan tetapi juga makhluk pribadi dan makhluk sosial.Seperti yang kita tahu al-Ghazali adalah tokoh pemikir Islam yang takkalah tersohornya di dunia Islam maupun Barat, beliau merupakan salah satu tokoh Muslim yang pemikirannya sangat luas dalam bidang keilmuan, termasuk bidang pendidikan. Selain itu beliau sebagai salahsatu orang yang paling menentukan jalannya sejarah Islam dan bangsa-bangsa Muslim. Bahkan, dalam bidang pemikiran dan peletakan dasar ajaran-ajaran IslamSebagai aktifitas yang bergerak dalam bidang pendidikan dan pembinaan kepribadian, tentunya pendidikan Islam memerlukan landasan kerja untuk memberikan arah bagi programnya. Sebab dengan adanya dasar juga berfungsi sebagai sumber peraturan yang akan diciptakan dan sebagai pegangan langkah pelaksanaan dan sebagai jalur langkah yang menentukan arah usaha dalamdunia pendidikan.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI GURU TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAUAN ALAM DI SDN PIMPINAN PARIT KABUPATEN SAMBAS
Authors: Topik Topik , Parni Parni
Published: July 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Keterampilan Mengajar Gurudi sekolah dasar negeri Pimpinan Parit Kabupaten Sambas, mengetahui PrestasiBelajar Ilmu pengetahuan alam di sekolah dasar negeri Pimpinan Parit Kabupaten Sambas dan Pengaruh antara Kompetensi Guru terhadap Prestasil Belajar ilmu pengetahuan alam di sekolah dasar negeri Pimpinan Parit Kabupaten Sambas.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif korelasional yaitu mencari pengaruh antara variabel independen Keterampilan Mengajar Guru(X) dan variabel dependen Prestasil Belajar ilmu pengetahuan alam(Y).Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara Keterampilan Mengajar Guru terhadap Prestasil Belajar ilmu pengetahuan alam di SDN Pimpinan Parit dengan pengujian signifikansi koefisien korelasi dan ditemukan terjadi hubungan positif yang tergolong rendah. Persamaan regresi linear sederhana yang didapat adalah Y' = 46,966 + 0,289X Keterampilan Mengajar Guruberpengaruh terhadap Prestasil Belajar ilmu pengetahuan alam dengan nilai R sebesar 0,355. Koefisien determinasi R Square sebesar 0,126 yang berarti variabel Keterampilan Mengajar Guruberpengaruh terhadap Prestasil Belajar ilmu pengetahuan alam sebesar 12.6%
PEMBELAJARAN ŞARAF MODEL CIPASUNG TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Iwan Iwan
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap ada tidaknya perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar şaraf siswa dalam kelompok eksperimen (yang memperoleh şaraf model Cipasung Tasikmalaya) dengan kelompok kontrol (yang tidak memperoleh şaraf model Cipasung Tasikmalaya) pada siswa kelas IX SMA AlBayan Muara Pawan Ketapang Kalimantan Barat. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah; instrument tes dan pengamatan. Analisis data dipakai berupa analisis statistik dengan menggunakan uji “t”. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang cukup signifikan antara hasil belajar şaraf pada kelompok eksperimen dengan kelompok kontrol. Perbedaan ini dapat dilihat dari skor rata-rata selisih antara pre-test dan posttest baik pada kelompok eksperimen maupun kelompok kontrol. Setelah dilakukan uji “t” diperoleh harga thitung sebesar 12,035 lebih besar dari ttabel baik pada taraf signifikansi 5% maupun 1% dan signifikan pada 0,05 (P˂0,05), hal ini berarti bahwa pembelajaran şaraf model Cipasung Tasikmalaya terbukti cukup efektif untukmeningkatkan hasil belajar şaraf siswa kelas IX SMA Al-Bayan Muara Pawan Ketapang Kalimantan Barat.
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN KELAS BAHASA INGGRIS SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Aslamiah Suaibatul
Published: July 2022

Classroom management in the teaching and learning process is very important, especially at this time. To ensure that learning goes well, the teacher should know how to manage the classroom properly and correctly. This journal discusses about how to manage classes, the objectives of class managements, the principles of classroom management, the classroom management strategies during covid 19 and strategies for managing English classes. The purposes of classroom management are to build student’ enthusiasm and creativity, build conducive situations and condition, provide and manage facilities, foster and guide students. The principle of classroom management is influenced by internal and external factors of students, emotions, thoughts, and behavior. Moreover, the flexibility, warmth, interest, creativity and discipline of teachers.Classroom management strategies during the covid 19 pandemic include habituation from offline learning to online classes, short, concise and clear using Pdf or video tutorials, class discussions, groups and collaborationbetween teachers and parents. English classroom management strategy is to use the edutainment learning method and the application of quizziz, kahoot,dou lingo and word puzzle.Keyword: classroom management, online learning, english learning
PENDIDIKAN SOSIAL PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Susanti Ria
Published: July 2022

Banyak persoalan-persoalan yang terjadi di masyarakat zaman sekarang. Banyak contoh-contoh permasalahan yang melibatkan masyarakat sebagai makhluk sosial dan berbudaya. Permasalahan yang terjadi pada masyarakat tersebut dikategorikan dalam istilah konflik sosial. Konflik sosial yang sering terjadi khususnya di negara kita Indonesia adalah seperti; kerusuhan antar desa, tawuran antar pelajar, penistaan agama, dan lain sebagainya.

Melihat sejumlah konflik sosial tersebut, muncul sebuah pertanyaan ada apa dengan sosial kemasyarakatan pada masa sekarang. Maka pada artikel ini, penulis akan mendeskrifsikan bagaimana pendidikan sosial berdasarkan pandangan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an. Dengan rumusan masalah: 1) Bagaimana konsep Pendidikan sosial kemasyarakatan yang terkandung dalam Al-Qur’an, dan 2) Bagaimana analisis nilai-nilai pendidikan sosial kemasyarakatan dalam Al-Qur’an terhadap pengembangan Pendidikan Islam.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskrifsikan bagaimana pendidikan sosial kemasyarakatan berdasarkan pandangan dari kandungan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an. Dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dan metode content analysis.

Artikel ini mendapati bahwa gambaran masyarakat ideal dalam Al-Qur’an yaitu disebut sebagai masyarakat Mardhatillah yang bercirikan; ummat yang satu, terdiri dari berbagai suku-bangsa, bermusyawarah dalam setiap urusan, tegaknya keadilan, adanya persatuan, tidak ada saling menghina antar sesama, serta adanya pemimpin yang berwibawa dan taat kepada Allah SWT. Kemudian implikasi nilai-nilai pendidikan sosial bermasyarakat yang terdapat dalam Al-Qur’an untuk pengembangan ilmu Pendidikan Agama Islam adalah berorientasi kepada: 1) Pendidikan bertujuan untuk membentuk manusia yang beriman dan bertaqwa kepada Allah; 2) Persamaan derajat sosial masyarakat; 4) Penanaman sikap menyeru kepada kebaikan dan menghindari keburukan“Amar Ma’ruf dan Nahi Munkar”; 5) Pendidikan sikap mental mau berubah ke arah kemajuan; 6) Pendidikan sikap keadilan dalam bermasyarakat. Artikel ini sangat berguna sebagai analisis terhadap materi kurikulum PAI khususnya tentang pendidikan sosial perspektif Alquran.
Guanacos grabados en el interfluvio de los ríos Gallegos-Chico (Santa Cruz, Argentina): su distribución más austral en Patagonia
Authors:   Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Manzi Liliana M. , Charlin Judith ,   Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Pallo M. Cecilia ,   Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Iamarino M. Laura ,   Instituto Multidisciplinario de Historia y Ciencias Humanas, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Cabrera Rodrigo ,   Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Published: July 2022

Se presenta un conjunto de grabados rupestres situados en el campo volcánico Pali Aike (provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina) de los cuales no se tenían antecedentes, compuesto por representaciones de guanacos con distintas morfologías, ejecutados mediante la combinación de las técnicas de incisión y raspado. El contexto de estos diseños se relaciona con la producción de motivos rupestres previamente reconocidos en el área y asignados al estilo Río Chico, conformado principalmente por diseños abstractos geométricos, mayormente pintados, y algunos escasos grabados. La variabilidad observada en los motivos de guanacos grabados se explica a partir de la morfología del cuerpo, cuello y patas, la técnica de ejecución, la orientación, el plano de representación, las dimensiones, entre otras. Se discute el proceso de manufactura o norma constructiva del diseño y, finalmente, se proponen estimaciones cronológicas a partir de comparaciones regionales, previendo que podrían corresponder a las manifestaciones rupestres más tempranas del sur de la Patagonia meridional (ca. 5000 AP).
Der Übergang von Arbeitsverhältnissen bei einer umwandlungsrechtlichen Spaltung
Authors: Brockfeld Marius
Published: July 2022

The legal institution of division into several enterprises under the German Transformation Act is of great practical relevance for the restructuring of legal entities. From the perspective of labour law, despite the interlocking of transformation law with the law on the transfer of businesses in the meantime, there is still considerable doubt how employment relationships are transferred in the course of a division, if the legal requirements of a transfer of a business are not fulfilled. Considering the great importance of freedom of division in the transformation law, practical solutions will be developed. It will be shown that the transfer of employment relationships follows different rules than the transfer of other contractual relationships.
Handel mit „umstrittenen Gebieten“
Authors: Sievert Karen Rebecca
Published: July 2022

Since the foundation of the European Union, especially since the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, the importance of international law has been emphasized in European primary law. However, the EU's commitment ‘the strict observance and the development of international law’ has been increasingly called into question by the conclusion of certain association and trade agreements or by the opening of the European internal market to territories with unclear territorial allocation.

The aim of this thesis is to define the limits of freedom of action within the framework of the common European trade policy in the context of disputed territories and to evaluate European measures against the yardstick of international and European law.
Externe Kapitalverwaltungsgesellschaft und fremdverwaltete Investmentgesellschaft
Authors: Meßner Franz
Published: July 2022

If an investment fund with independent legal personality is managed by an external capital management company, the question arises as to which responsibilities and tasks are assumed by the external capital management company and the investment company respectively. This paper deals with this question. It is conceivable that the investment company assumes the role of a mere administrative unit. Alternatively, the investment company could assume an independent role towards the management company, which takes important decisions on its own responsibility. Thus, the work fills a research gap and offers numerous insights for legal scholars and practitioners.
Konzernverantwortlichkeit und Konzernprivileg im EU-Kartellrecht – Zwei Seiten derselben Medaille?
Authors: Feyhl Marco
Published: July 2022

Group liability and intra group exemption are more often attributed as having a mutual pattern of justification respectively compensation. Accordingly, both aspects are said to be mutually dependent and represent two inseparably linked aspects of the same issue. In practice, this link is expressed in particular when reference is made to the intra group exemption to justify the claim of a parent company for fines. This thesis examines whether this assumption is correct in principle and whether it has general validity. In doing so, the requirements of the two manifestations are compared, and several case studies beyond the paradigmatic parent-subsidiary relationship are examined.
Führung – Leadership
Authors: Wöhrle Armin , Arnold Maik , Brandl Paul , Knospe Yvonne , Unger Frank , Zierer Brigitta
Published: July 2022

Leadership is always being challenged, and the current challenges are always the most demanding. This textbook for students and practitioners in organisations working within the parameters of the social economy identifies the requirements in this regard and introduces the current approaches to and concepts of leadership. It examines aspects of leadership in depth, such as supporting teamwork and dealing with interculturality and new media, and addresses in detail the particular demands placed on managers. This volume provides a sound theoretical basis on this subject, but also gives valuable tips for practice.

With contributions by
Armin Wöhrle, Maik Arnold, Paul Brandl, Yvonne Knospe, Frank Unger and Birgitta Zierer.
Die Speicherung von Strom aus Sicht des Zivilrechts
Authors: Patt Lukas
Published: July 2022

To date, civil law studies on electricity storage are non-existent. The legal discourse ignores the fact that storage is confronted with a multitude of unresolved civil law problems, the dogmatic dimension of which is likely to exceed the significance of the energy law issues discussed to date. The origin of the problem is the recognition that energy does not fall under the concept of the thing in the German Civil Code, so that a large amount of the provisions of the German Civil Code, which are still directed at things, do not apply. The present study elaborates the civil law problems of electricity storage on the level of the law of obligations and on the level of the law of property, and develops initial recommendations.
Performance Measures for Evaluating and Communicating Data Quality in Aquatic Environmental Monitoring in the U.S.
Authors: Stribling James , Lanberg Susan , Snyder Blaine , Diamond Jerry , Jessup Benjamin , Sullivan Hugh
Published: July 2022

Quantitative data quality descriptors are important for evaluating and communicating acceptability of information used in environmental monitoring and assessment. In this chapter, we present (1) the rationale for establishing and using performance measures and MQOs in routine quality control planning and analysis, (2) field and laboratory methods for capturing input data required for performance calculations, and (3) approaches for setting data acceptability thresholds and determining the need for corrective actions. Relevant examples are available from local, regional, and national programs in the U.S. charged with monitoring and assessing aquatic biological condition, physical habitat, contaminants, and toxicity testing. We will describe techniques for calculating and determining acceptability of performance measures, such as, among other data quality indicators, precision, accuracy, sensitivity, representativeness, and completeness of field sampling, laboratory processing, and data management and analysis. Data types on which these examples will be based include benthic macroinvertebrates, fish assemblage, tissue body burden, laboratory analytical and toxicity testing, physical habitat, selected geomorphic characteristics, and algal toxins.
Scapular Dyskinesis
Authors: Hegazy Mohammed
Published: July 2022

In order for correct shoulder function to occur, the scapula plays a number of responsibilities. These functions include synchronous scapular rotation during humeral motion, providing a stable basis for rotator cuff activation, and acting as a kinetic chain link. Scapular dyskinesis is defined as a change in the resting or dynamic position of the scapula. Scapular dyskinesis is a nonspecific response to a painful shoulder ailment rather than a specific response to glenohumeral pathology. Visual assessment of the scapular position at rest and during dynamic humeral motions, as well as objective posture measurements and scapular corrective techniques, is used to diagnose scapular dyskinesis. Treatment for scapular dyskinesis focuses on improving dynamic scapular stability by improving the motor control and strength of scapular stabilizers, as well as the flexibility of tight muscles and other connective tissues.
Surgical Approach to the Cavernous Sinus and Middle Cranial, Pterygoid Fossa
Authors: Watanabe Kentaro , Froelich Sébastien
Published: July 2022

The cavernous sinus is a very complex area, and surgical treatment requires detailed anatomical knowledge and familiarity with its relationship to surrounding structures. By exposing the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus with the extradural approach, it is possible to pass through the triangular corridor of the cavernous sinus and perform surgical treatment for diseases such as trigeminal schwannoma and meningioma inside and outside the cavernous sinus. In addition to the extradural infratemporal fossa approach, the extradural infratemporal fossa to the pterygoid fossa and the approach to the paranasal sinuses can be safely performed by inserting the endoscope into the bone corridor of the middle cranial fossa. Furthermore, in the last decade, transnasal endoscopic skull based approaches have further developed, facilitating surgical access to the cavernous sinus. The cavernous sinus is an unattachable site due to the complex structure of multiple nerves, veins, and internal carotid arteries, but if the anatomy of the cavernous sinus is known well we can treat this complex site. As for the choice of approach to the cavernous sinus, a better understanding of the anatomy surrounding the cavernous sinus will allow a rational choice between transcranial and transnasal approaches.
Bifurcation and Instabilities in Fluid Flow
Authors: Gavilan Carlos
Published: July 2022

In some situations, pipe layout and incoherent behavior of the flow is detected. An instability is generated, and the flow jumps between the values in flow rate or pressure, with no explanation. Usually, the industry solves the problem by creating an exclusion area. It is very important to understand those instabilities, named bifurcation, and why the Navier-Stokes equation has two equiprobable solutions. With this knowledge, the situation can be corrected, and the problem solved. The result is an increase in performance, reliability, etc. and then in the economy of the process. The bistable flow in boiling water reactor (BWR) nuclear power plant is a clear example.
SIW-Based Devices
Authors: Li Zhongmao , Qin Mengjie , Liu Pengzhan , Qiu Xin
Published: July 2022

With the development of microwave wireless communication technology, microwave passive frequency selectivity circuits are developing toward multi-function and miniaturization. Substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) devices have good development prospects in miniaturization and integration. The research on devices based on SIW is lack unified theoretical combing. This chapter describes the novel circuits based on substrate-integrated waveguide, including filter, power divider, switch, phase shifter, diplexer, and crossover. This chapter describes the design methods and special properties of these circuits. The display of these circuits is expected to give some inspiration to your research.
Dynamic and Adaptive Playout of Competency-Based Learning Games Based on Data in Learners’ Competency Profile Considering Didactical Structural Templates
Authors: Srbecky Ramona , Winterhagen Michael , Wetzel Simon-Alexander , Ochsendorf Ivo , Hedderoth Andre , Then Matthias , Wallenborn Benjamin , Fischman Felix , Vu Binh , Fraas Wieland , Dettmers Jan , Hemmje Matthias
Published: July 2022

In this chapter, a competency-based approach, based on the qualifications-based learning model (QBLM), will be presented, which makes it possible to store the acquired competencies and qualifications (CQ) in a so-called CQ-profile (CQP) while playing an educational game. The game and the course are based on a didactical structural template (DST), making it possible to switch between the course and the game. Before the educational game can be played, it must be checked whether a learner has all the required CQs for the course or learning unit in which the educational game is included. Therefore, this chapter shows an approach to how the CQPs can be implemented, and the data from the CQP can be used to check course prerequisites. Finally, a prototypical implementation with its evaluation and the remaining challenges will be presented in this chapter.
Role of Human Epididymis Protein 4 in Tumour Angiogenesis
Authors: Dubey Harshita , Modi Mansi , Verma Saransh , Sinha Ruchi , Goel Harsh , Ranjan Amar , Tanwar Pranay , Chopra Anita , Rahul Ekta , Ranjan Lawanya , Verma Neeraj , Singh Chauhan Devender , Kumari Mahkam Rani , Dubey Utkarsh
Published: July 2022

HE4 is a secretory protein. It is expressed in reproductive tract and respiratory epithelium in normal individuals. Serum level of HE4 is raised in various solid cancers that give us an advantage to use it as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. It is an established biomarker of epithelial ovarian cancer [EOC]. It has also shown the significance in various other malignancies like cancer of endometrium, cervix, lung and breast. Studies show HE4 as an independent prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Its raised values in cancer signify its role in oncogenesis. HE4 promotes angiogenesis via STAT3 signalling pathway. In this paper we have tried to illustrate about human epididymis protein 4 and its role in tumour angiogenesis.
An Introduction to the Generalized Gauss-Bonnet-Chern Theorem
Authors: Bracken Paul
Published: July 2022

This work studies the mathematical structures which are relevant to differentiable manifolds needed to prove the Gauss-Bonnet-Chern theorem. These structures include de Rham cohomology vector spaces of the manifold, characteristic classes such as the Euler class, pfaffians, and some fiber bundles with useful properties. The paper presents a unified approach that makes use of fiber bundles and leads to a non-computational proof of the Gauss-Bonnet-Chern Theorem. It is indicated how it can be generalized to manifolds with boundary.
The Value of Histopathological Characteristics and BRAF and NRAS Mutations for the Diagnosis, Risk Stratification, and Prognosis of Malignant Invasive Melanoma
Authors: Zablocka Tatjana , Isajevs Sergejs
Published: July 2022

In recent years, the direction of personalized medicine, which is based on a disease-specific targeting therapy, as well as the early diagnosis of tumors and the identification of high-risk individuals, is rapidly developing in the world. Invasive melanoma is a tumor with high impact for its rapidly growing incidence, high mortality, increased complexity, and high care costs in advanced stages. Recent studies demonstrated the significant value of both conventional histopathological characteristics and genetic alterations in melanoma. This review focuses on the value of conventional histopathological characteristics including histological tumor subtype, Clark level, Breslow thickness, solar elastosis, ulceration, regression, lymphovascular invasion, mitotic counts, peritumoral lymphocyte infiltration, clinical characteristics such as age, gender, length of follow-up after surgery, recurrence, or metastasis, and progression-free survival, and tumor BRAF and NRAS mutations.
Modern Coatings in Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Lützner Jörg , Altermann Brigitte , Laura Puente Reyna Ana , M. Grupp Thomas
Published: July 2022

All metal implants in human bodies corrode, which results in metal ion release. This is not necessarily a problem and represents for most patients no hazard. However, both local and systemic effects are possible, including hypersensitivity. To avoid this, coatings on standard implants (mono- or multi-layer) and surface modifications have been developed and are in use. This chapter explains the background of metal ion release, biological reactions, coating technologies, biotribological and biomechanical properties, as well as the clinical results of modern knee arthroplasty implant coatings. There is no general concern about metal ion release from CoCrMo standard implants for most patients. If patients present with a confirmed metal allergy, a multilayer-coated or oxidized zirconium implant is currently the best option for these patients.
Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Management
Authors: E. Fernandez Thomas
Published: July 2022

Supply chain management has existed for thousands of years. Technology started evolving with the industrial revolution and yet, paper-based bills of lading are still widely used in the international trade today. This chapter explores what problems exist in today’s supply chains, and whether blockchain technology can help solve them. The problems are categorized into three categories: The origin of the raw material or the product is not obvious; trust issues can exist between seller and buyer; and the supply chain execution is inefficient. A brief explanation of blockchain technology follows as the second part, with a focus on the technology that is useful for this purpose of this article. The two parts come together in the third part, showing how blockchain technology can solve the problems. Finally, a critical view is taken to show the limitations of blockchain technology as a problem solver.
The Quantum Theory of Reproduction – How Unique is an Individual?
Authors: O. Amarin Zouhair
Published: July 2022

Our understanding of nature’s way is founded on quantum mechanics. In its existence of over 80 years, quantum theory has been describing the physical world. The attraction of studying quantum mechanics is the perception of the conceptual structure of nature. This is aided by the mathematical structure that exposes the internal logic of the subject by inventing a notation that embeds the philosophy of the question. To describe how unique each individual is. A calculation method was applied. The uniqueness of an individual is one in two nonillion, octillion, septillion, sextillion, quintillion, quadrillion, trillion, billion, million and thousand. Individuals are indefinitely unique.
Mediation Impact of Supplier Quality on Association between Top Management Commitment and Resource Utilization in Indian Automotive Sector
Authors: Goyal Gaurav
Published: July 2022

The study intends to investigate mediating role of supplier quality improvement on relationship between top management commitment and resource utilization in Indian automotive sector. It is a given that the management of an organization plays a vital role in the success of an organization, which includes managing strategic resources and forming strategic alliances with key stakeholders. For manufacturing organizations where suppliers become an indispensable stakeholder in the organization’s value chain, maintaining supplier quality leads to sustainable profits for the organization. Hence, a conceptual framework based on extant literature review is proposed for extracted constructs, namely top management commitment, supplier quality improvement, and resource utilization to analyze a possible relationship between the three constructs. To validate the proposed hypothesized relationships, data were collected by sending research instrument to senior management executives of Indian automotive organizations. Results of data analysis suggest that supplier quality improvement mediates the impact of top management commitment on resource utilization. Study strongly recommends that for optimum utilization of resources, automotive organization(s) must develop long-term relationship with selected set of trusted supplier’s. Further, results suggest that as much as possible real-time voice of customer ought to be communicated to the selected set of suppliers.
Pulsed Laser Deposition of Transparent Conductive Oxides on UV-NIL Patterned Substrates for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Socol Marcela , Preda Nicoleta , Breazu Carmen , Rasoga Oana
Published: July 2022

Transparent conductive oxide (TCO) electrodes are key components in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices such as organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) or organic emitting devices (OLEDs). Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) results in TCO coatings with adequate optical and electrical properties, the preservation of the target chemical composition in the transferred films being the major advantage of this technique. Furthermore, the performance of the optoelectronic devices can be enhanced by patterning the TCO electrodes. Indium tin oxide (ITO) remains the most popular TCO due to its high conductivity and transparency. The scarcity of the indium resources encouraged the efforts to find an alternative to ITO, a promising candidate being Al-doped ZnO (AZO). Therefore, this chapter is focused on PLD deposition of TCO films (ITO and AZO) on patterned glass substrates prepared by ultraviolet nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL) for obtaining transparent electrodes with improved characteristics, which further can be integrated in optoelectronic applications.
Preparation, Properties, and Advanced Functional Applications of Nanocellulose
Authors: Xu Kaimeng , Chen Yu , Du Guanben , Wang Siqun
Published: July 2022

Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer on earth, which widely exists in various biomasses such as wood, bamboo, and other forestry and agricultural crops. Nanocelluloses isolated by various physical, chemical, and mechanical ways, as the second-generation cellulose products, facilitate the special microstructural formation such as rigid nano crystals and flexible nano fibrils, which display the high specific surface area, the excellent comprehensive mechanical strengths and thermal stability, as well as easy tailorability. Nanocellulose has been considered as a most important renewable, biodegradable, high-added-value bioresource for the development of novel functional bio-products in the future of wood industry and its industrial cross fields, including construction, polymer adhesives, composite fabrication and reinforcement, green energy storage and adsorption system. This chapter aims to introduce the important preparation and isolation methods, the basic and special properties, and several novel advanced functional applications of nanocellulose.
Fundamentals of Molecular Docking and Comparative Analysis of Protein–Small-Molecule Docking Approaches
Authors: Feyza Maden Sefika , Sezer Selin , Ece Acuner Saliha
Published: July 2022

Proteins (e.g., enzymes, receptors, hormones, antibodies, transporter proteins, etc.) seldom act alone in the cell, and their functions rely on their interactions with various partners such as small molecules, other proteins, and/or nucleic acids. Molecular docking is a computational method developed to model these interactions at the molecular level by predicting the 3D structures of complexes. Predicting the binding site and pose of a protein with its partner through docking can help us to unveil protein structure-function relationship and aid drug design in numerous ways. In this chapter, we focus on the fundamentals of protein docking by describing docking methods including search algorithm, scoring, and assessment steps as well as illustrating recent successful applications in drug discovery. We especially address protein–small-molecule (drug) docking by comparatively analyzing available tools implementing different approaches such as ab initio, structure-based, ligand-based (pharmacophore-/shape-based), information-driven, and machine learning approaches.
Alloplastic TMJ Reconstruction
Authors: Ravanasamudram Rajaram Sundaram , Sundar Gauthami , Ravanasamudram Sundaram Rajaram
Published: July 2022

Total Alloplastic Temporomandibular joint reconstruction has been the treatment of choice for extreme cases of Temporomandibular Joint Disease and Pathology. Some of the remarkable advantages that are enjoyed with this device are early functional restoration, long term stability and improved jaw function. The prosthesis can be custom made to the particular individual also. This chapter provides an insight of the basics of Total Alloplastic Temporomandibular joint reconstruction which is evidence based.
RCWA Simulation Study of Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy by Au Nanoparticle Array Combined with Optical Cavity Effect
Authors: Mitobe Daichi , Suzuki Yushi
Published: July 2022

Surface-enhanced infrared absorption is a phenomenon by which the infrared absorption intensity of molecules near metal nanoparticles (NPs) is increased considerably. In surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy, the absorption intensity depends on the strength of the field acting on the NPs layer. The optical cavity effect generates a strong electric field. If this strong electric field is applied to the NPs, then the IR absorption intensity will be enhanced further. This simulation study assessed the possibility of applying the enhanced electric field generated by the pseudo-optical cavity effect to the NP array. Results indicated that the IR absorption is markedly enhanced.
The Role of Noncoding RNAs in the Response of Oil Palm Plants to Abiotic Stresses
Authors: Ferreira Salgado Fernanda , Grynberg Priscila , Teixeira Souza Junior Manoel
Published: July 2022

The genus Elaeis comprises two species, E. guineensis Jacq. and E. oleifera (Kunth) Cortés, which are known as the African and the American oil palms, respectively. The African oil palm originated from West Africa and is the predominant species in commercial plantations. This oilseed crop is the number one source of consumed vegetable oil in the World. Several abiotic stressors affect the plant life cycle interfering with growth and productivity. Salinity and drought are abiotic stresses that affect plantations on all continents, resulting in the loss of billions of dollars annually. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous noncoding RNAs that impact almost all biological processes, affecting either the transcriptional or posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. Here we describe the R&D initiatives on oil palm miRNAs, highlighting the current knowledge on miRNAs’ involvement in oil palm response to abiotic stress and postulating possible miRNA-based strategies for the genetic improvement of oil palm salinity and drought stresses tolerance.
Perspective Chapter: SARS-CoV-2 Variants – Two Years Post-Onset of the Pandemic
Authors: Sanyaolu Adekunle , Marinkovic Aleksandra , Prakash Stephanie , Okorie Chuku , Jan Abdul , Desai Priyank , Fahad Abbasi Abu , Mangat Jasmine , Hosein Zaheeda , Hamdy Kareem , Haider Nafees , Khan Nasar , Annan Rochelle , Badaru Olanrewaju , Izurieta Ricardo , Smith Stella
Published: July 2022

Since the pandemic began in China in December 2019, thousands of variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged globally since late 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined the SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC) as a variant with increased transmissibility, virulence, and decreased response to available diagnostics, vaccines, and therapeutics. Areas of the emerging variant of concern arise from countries like the United Kingdom, South Africa, Brazil, and India. These mutations carry a lineage from N501Y, D614G, N439K, Y453F, and others, which are globally dominated by clades 20A, 20B, and 20C. SARS-CoV-2 VOC emerged after 11 months of evolution since the onset through massive human-to-human transmission with five major VOCs recognized by the WHO, namely Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron. Their emergence could be attributed to changing immunological dynamics in the human population, which has resulted in resistance or escape from neutralizing antibodies, or to mutations and/or recombinations that increase transmission or pathogenicity. This literature review intends to identify and report on SARS-CoV-2 variants that have evolved two years post-onset of the pandemic and their disease implications.
The Role of Energy Storage with Renewable Electricity Generation
Authors: Kumar Kamlesh , Jaipal Babu
Published: July 2022

Renewable energy resource like solar and wind have huge potential to reduce the dependence on fossil fuel, but due to their intermittent nature of output according to variation of season, reliability of grid affected therefore energy storage system become an important part of the of renewable electricity generation system. Pumped hydro energy storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheels, capacitors, and super conducting magnetic storage technologies have been developed, but many of these are limited in their capacity, characteristics and site dependence. Currently battery energy storage system is not much adopted within grid, but with development their density, versatility and efficiency it is observed that BESS- (battery Energy Storage system) will be adopted in large quantity.
How Fair Is Fair?
Authors: Cuddeback-Gedeon Lorraine ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: July 2022

Informed consent in research among people with intellectual and developmental disabilities presents challenges for inclusive research—some particular to the IDD community, and some shared with other vulnerable populations. This essay uses my experiences with qualitative research among the IDD community to raise questions about our understanding of consent and about the principle of justice (given the deep-seated inequalities of power and privilege that may exist between a researcher and someone with IDD). I draw on Franklin Miller and Alan Wertheimer’s fair transaction model of informed consent (a response to Ruth Faden and Tom Beauchamp’s autonomous authorization model) to reflect on how structural issues of injustice affect the possibility of fairness in consent transactions with people with IDD. The work of inclusive research requires identifying structural and organizational avenues that can improve fairness in informed consent and assent, as well as improve justice for the IDD community more broadly.
Disability, Catholic Questions, and the Quandries of Biomedicine and Secular Society
Authors: Romero Miguel J. ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: July 2022

This essay aims to show why it is important to ask questions about the way Christians raise the question of disability. The central, animating concern has to do with metaphysically thin and philosophically problematic understandings of disability and the way that concept is inflected within contemporary Catholic moral discourse in the areas of biomedical ethics and social theorizing. The essay has three parts. First, through the lens of Gaudium et spes, the author discusses the source of our contemporary questions about disability and related themes. Second, the author surveys overlapping ways of framing the concept disability, as formulated within biomedical ethics, American jurisprudence, the social critique from disability studies, and the sociopolitical subversion of the biomedical outlook from critical disability theorists. Third, given those contemporary frames and in conversation with Fides et ratio, the author sketches some preliminary considerations relevant to a faithfully Christian and distinctively Catholic account of disability.
St. Thomas Aquinas on Impairment, Natural Goods, and Human Flourishing
Authors: Berkman John , Boeré Robyn ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: July 2022

This essay examines St. Thomas Aquinas’s views on different types of impairment. Aquinas situates physical and moral impairments in a teleological account of the human species, and these impairments are made relative in light of our ultimate flourishing in God. For Aquinas, moral and spiritual impairments are of primary significance. Drawing on Philippa Foot’s account of natural goods, we describe what constitutes an impairment for Aquinas. In the Thomistic sense, an impairment is a lack or privation in relation to that which is appropriate to the human being, known by our nature and ultimate perfection. For Aquinas, perfection lies in the transformation necessary for union with God.