bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Representations of Rural Population of the Region in the Reports of Siberian Governor-Generals in the 2nd Half of the 19th Century: “Foreigners”
Authors: Matkhanova N. P. , Rodigina N. N.
Published: October 2022

This article aims to identify the representations of “foreign” people (inorodtsev) of Siberia in the reports of the local governors-general, to define the context of their actualization, to find the mutual relations between the official position of the regional authorities towards the socio-cultural characteristics of the indigenous population, its economic situation and legal status, its relations with Russians and the narratives of the “foreigners’ issue” in Russian periodicals. The study is based on the reports of governors-general of Western and Eastern Siberia from the early 1850s until the abolition of the offices of the West Siberian (1882) and East Siberian governors-general (1887), as well as the Irkutsk governor-general in 1887–1899. Analyzing the above-mentioned sources, the authors take into account that such materials were usually complied with some involvement of predecessors, lower-level officials, invited experts. Comparison of the representations of the “foreign” people in the reports of the governors-general with those reflected in the periodicals shows their similarities and differences. The authors of the reports and many publicists share paternalistic discourse concerning the indigenous population of Siberia and consider the “foreign” people as an object of care and protection. Both of them claim the necessity to reduce the yasak payments, highlight the detrimental influence of merchants, as well as exiles, convicted of criminal and administrative offenses. Remarkably, the reports contain no criticism of the authorities for the decline of the aboriginal population and financial difficulties of the “foreigners”; discuss the problem of the “extinction” of aborigines in quite a soft tone. According to these documents, there was a general tendency in government policy to equalize the legal, social and economic status of “foreigners” with the Russian peasantry. However, at the same time, the governors-general who better knew the Siberian realities – at least some of them – more often defended the interests of the region, and hence the Siberian people, including the indigenous population.
Russia’s Fight against the Savage Punishments in the Emirate of Bukhara (Communicative Aspects)
Authors: Pochekaev R. Yu.
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the instruments of political communication used by Russian authorities and other groups of interests in the fight for the abolition of the most severe punishments in the Emirate of Bukhara as an element of its political-legal and social-economic modernization. On a base of legal acts, notes of contemporaries and periodicals of the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries the author analyzes using of different communication tools, groups of interests which used them, effectiveness of communicative means. In particular, diplomatic demarches of imperial diplomats and “own example” of the Russian settlements on the territory of the Emirate of Bukhara are examined as well as direct political consultations of frontier Russian administration (of the Turkestan Governor-Generalship) with Bukharan emirs and high officials and campaign in periodical at the beginning of the 20th century launched by Russian business circles and political parties. The study clarifies the reasons why the goal was not reached despite the active position of Russian actors: some instruments could be effective in relations with Western states but were not relevant in case of the Central Asian country, besides that, the conflicts between Russian authorities (Military Ministry form one side and Ministry of Foreign Affairs from another) on the “Bukharan question” graded effect of political communication executed by regional authorities and Russian actors immediately in the Emirate.
A patient with connective tissue dysplasia at a cosmetologist's appointment: features of diagnosis and management
Authors: Borzykh Olga B.
Published: October 2022

Patients with various manifestations of involutional skin changes often come to an appointment with a cosmetologist and a dermatologist. Among such patients, a group can be distinguished who have premature aging, or rather more pronounced signs of facial aging, in comparison with their peers. Сonnective tissue dysplasia are often found in this group of patients.
An example of a patient with connective tissue dysplasia, with multiple organ disorders, with skin manifestations of dysplasia is presented. Tactics of managing such patients, diagnostic features and possible errors in the management of patients with connective tissue dysplasia are analyzed. Particular attention should be paid to the joint management of such patients with doctors of other specialties, respectively, the organ systems involved and recommendations for patients with connective tissue dysplasia regarding lifestyle.
Game Balance Practices
Authors: Sahibgareeva Gulnara Faridovna , Kugurakova Vlada Vladimirovna
Published: October 2022

The subject of the research refers to the development of game and
interactive projects — the practice of game balance of computer games.
Current trends formed in both scientific and commercial spheres are
taken into account. The research methods are modeling and
experimentation. The main result is the formed vision on the
integration of the received features into the tool of game prototypes
generation. Two tools for working with game balance are described.

The presented results are the part of one big applied research aimed
at developing a game tool for prototyping computer games, reducing
development time and resources by automating through generation of all
kinds of content based on natural language text, including, in the long
run, game balance. The work is a logical development of research
on creating a full-fledged game engine for game designers and
screenwriters.
STATUS DE SAÚDE MENTAL, COPING E QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM CONTEXTO PRISIONAL PORTUGUÊS
Authors: PEREİRA ALFAİATE Mariana Tomé , MARTİNS VALENTİM Olga Maria , LARANJEİRA Carlos António , FERNANDES QUERİDO Ana Isabel
Published: October 2022

Introdução: Com o crescimento da população reclusa nos estabelecimentos prisionais, e a consequente, privação destes ao mundo exterior deve existir uma preocupação acerca da sua saúde mental. Os problemas de saúde mental em contexto prisional resultam em catalisadores de forte perturbação do enquadramento institucional. A reclusão parece levar ao aumento dos níveis de stresse e ansiedade, dado que o recluso se depara com um conjunto de potenciais stressores, designadamente: a privação de liberdade, a pressão e interação exercida pelos pares no contexto prisional, a falta de suporte social, a escassez de estratégias adaptativas ao novo contexto e ainda a diminuição da qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde. Os objetivos: foram: a) avaliar o status de saúde mental e os níveis de coping resiliente das pessoas em reclusão; b) analisar a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde; e c) estabelecer a relação entre o status de saúde mental e o coping resiliente. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo-correlacional realizado numa amostra por conveniência de 122 indivíduos reclusos de um estabelecimento prisional português. Os instrumentos de recolha de dados foram: a) Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress; b) Escala Breve de Coping Resiliente; c) Questionário EQ-5D-3L. Utilizou-se estatística paramétrica e a significância adotada foi p
A PERCEPÇÃO DE USUÁRIOS DO SUS SOBRE AS PRÁTICAS INTEGRATIVAS E COMPLEMENTARES EM SAÚDE: UMA ANÁLISE NETNOGRÁFICA
Authors: NASCİMENTO GONÇALVES COSTA Natalí , PİNHEİRO DE BRİTO Laís , SANTOS BARRETO Rejane , SİLVA SERVO Maria Lúcia
Published: October 2022

Introdução: Com o intuito de ampliar a oferta de recursos terapêuticos no Sistema Único de Saúde, no ano de 2006 foi institucionalizada e aprovada a Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares, ofertando atualmente 29 práticas em todos os âmbitos da atenção à saúde. As Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde têm no princípio da integralidade um fundamento para seu saber e prática. Considerando a tríade corpo-mente-espírito, possui uma visão ampliada do processo saúde-doença, estimulando mecanismos naturais de prevenção e recuperação da saúde, visando especialmente a promoção do autocuidado. Isso, através do estabelecimento de vínculo terapêutico, mediado pela escuta ativa e acolhedora, o que favorece uma maior interação do ser humano com o meio ambiente e a sociedade. A relação terapeuta-paciente e as condutas terapêuticas são repletas de grande significação simbólica que adentram o campo da subjetividade do indivíduo e da coletividade. Objetivo: analisar qual a percepção de usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde sobre as Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde. Método: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, do tipo netnográfico, ou seja, realizado em ambiente virtual, o qual examinou vídeos postados na plataforma do Youtube entre os anos de 2010 a março de 2021. Os vídeos selecionados, tiveram seus diálogos transcritos e os dados coletados foram submetidos a análise de conteúdo de Bardin e a elaboração da nuvem de palavras, com auxílio do software IRAMUTEQ, agrupando e organizando graficamente as palavras em função da sua frequência. Resultados: Dos 477 arquivos de vídeo identificados, após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e avaliação criteriosa, foram selecionados 20 arquivos de vídeo com entrevistas de usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde assistidos pelas Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde. Destes emergiram 4 categorias, Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde como promotora do autocuidado; Vínculo terapêutico e interação com o meio ambiente e a sociedade; Melhora da dor e a desmedicalização; Saúde mental e bem-estar. Conclusão: A análise revelou percepções positivas dos usuários sobre as Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde. Dentre as práticas ofertadas, foram citadas a Massoterapia, Homeopatia, Acupuntura, Heiki, Tai chi chuan, e Yoga. Constatou-se que a práticas tem revelado possibilidades terapêuticas capazes de assistir de forma integral e resolutiva diversas demandas do usuário, promovendo autocuidado e ressignificando a compreensão do processo saúde-doença-cura. Por estar pautada no desenvolvendo relacional através de uma postura empática, escuta acolhedora e na interação social, tem por consequência a promoção do vínculo usuário-terapeuta-sociedade, bem como, melhora substancial das dores crônicas, repercutindo na desmedicalização, melhora da saúde mental, qualidade de vida e bem-estar.
ANÁLISE DE QUEIXAS DE TRABALHADORES REMOTOS NO ESTADO DO MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: SANTANA BUENO Priscilla , NOGUEİRA BURKE Thomaz , EGÍDİO JUNİOR Ricardo
Published: October 2022

Introdução: O gerenciamento de riscos ergonômicos faz parte das atividades de gestão que tem ganhado destaque por suas implicações na saúde do trabalhador, no ganho de produtividade e na diminuição de passivos trabalhistas. Em 2020, em decorrência da pandemia da COVID-19, houve um aumento expressivo da modalidade de teletrabalho, com a migração de 14 milhões de trabalhadores somente no Brasil. No Mato Grosso do Sul 76.791 pessoas estão em trabalho remoto. Objetivo: Analisar as características queixas e desconfortos dos trabalhadores remotos, em teletrabalho, do Mato Grosso do Sul utilizando a ABNT ISO/TS 11226:2017 que possui o questionário nórdico para mapeamento de queixas de segmentos corporais, e de acordo com a resposta do trabalhador mapeando o grau de desconforto por segmento e região, com as opções de resposta para presença de queixa e desconforto: nenhuma, leve, moderada, forte e excessiva. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado no período de junho de 2021 a outubro de 2021, através da metodologia bola de neve para convite dos participantes via redes sociais, participaram 34 trabalhadores, sendo vinte e três mulheres e onze homens em trabalho remoto, a amostragem foi por conveniência, os critérios de seleção foram trabalhadores em regime de trabalho remoto com uso de computador em suas residências e acesso à internet, faixa etária de 19-50 anos pareadas por trabalho remoto em ambiente domiciliar, com uso de computador e postura sentada por longos períodos, pelo menos quarenta horas semanais com oito horas diárias, e após responderem um formulário via google FORMS as respostas foram analisadas qualitativamente e a escolha dessa ferramenta nesse estudo possibilitou avaliar as queixas dos trabalhadores respeitando a privacidade do ambiente domiciliar dos participantes, pois estes estão em trabalho remoto, e por isso, foi necessário um questionário on-line. Resultados: A maior parte da população trabalhadora não apresenta queixas e dos que apresentam, os segmentos corporais inferiores de costas lados direito e esquerdo apresentaram o maior número de trabalhadores com queixas em nível forte, sendo cinco trabalhadores totalizando 14,70% das respostas em ambos os segmentos, o segmento corporal superior costas lado direito apresentou o maior número de trabalhadores com queixas em nível moderado, sendo oito trabalhadores totalizando 23,52% das respostas e o segmento corporal pescoço lado direito apresentou o maior número de trabalhadores com queixas em nível leve, sendo onze trabalhadores totalizando 32,35% das respostas. Conclusão: A maior parte da população trabalhadora não apresenta queixas nos segmentos corporais avaliados e os trabalhadores que apresentaram queixas, existe uma heterogeneidade de respostas.
ASSOCIAÇÃO DA MORTALIDADE EM IDOSOS ACOMETIDOS PELA COVID19 E AS DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS NÃO TRANSMISSÍVEIS
Authors: KACHİNSKİ Anna Lívia , SİLVA Carla Luiza , FREİTAS JÚNİOR Miguel Arcanjo , BORDİN Danielle , NONOSE NEGRÃO Glauco , FRİZON ALFİERİ Daniela
Published: October 2022

Introdução: No início da pandemia, como observado em todo mundo, a COVID-19 afetou desproporcionalmente as populações mais velhas. Sabe-se que a população idosa pertence ao chamado grupo de risco, seja pelas condições de saúde subjacentes, seja pela imunossenescência natural do envelhecimento, apresenta maior risco de doença grave. Assim, indivíduos idosos que contraíram o vírus inspiram maior vigilância e cuidado no tratamento e acompanhamento da infecção, visando sempre diminuir as complicações e a mortalidade. Objetivo: analisar a associação da mortalidade de idosos hospitalizados e as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em pacientes que contraíram o Sars-Cov-2. Método: Pesquisa pertencente a um grupo de trabalho envolvendo 4 Universidades no Paraná (UEPG, UEL, UNICENTRO E UFPR) sobre a temática Covid19, com fomento da Fundação Araucária – Paraná. Esta pesquisa faz parte de um projeto guarda-chuva e este estudo está vinculada a fase 2 do projeto maior. Estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo, de caráter documental, realizado de março a dezembro de 2020, com idosos hospitalizados que contraíram Covid19 no Estado do Paraná. A amostra foi constituída por 8447 pacientes, as variáveis foram analisadas por software estatístico e a pesquisa foi aprovada pelo comitê de ética, sob número 39108020.0.0000.010. Resultados: A amostra foi composta em sua maioria por idosos do sexo masculino, com idade média de 73 anos e brancos, com prevalência de óbito de 47,3%. Conforme dados apresentados pode-se perceber que as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) como cardiovasculares (p valor <0,001), Hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) (p valor <0,001), diabetes (p valor <0,001), pulmonares (p valor <0,001), hepáticas (p valor 0,005), neoplasias (p valor <0,001), renal (p valor <0,001) e obesidade (p valor <0,001) foram determinantes no desfecho os idosos. Verificou-se que idosos com COVID-19 apresentaram mais chance de vir a óbito quando dispunham de doença cardiovascular, Diabetes, Doença Neurológica, renal e pulmonar, a presença destas doenças aumentou 1,78, 1,34, 2,79, 2,02 e 1,48 vezes (respectivamente) a chance do indivíduo vir a óbito em decorrência da Covid19. Conclusão: o perfil de saúde da população idosa brasileira a torna de alto risco à gravidade da COVID-19, já que a prevalência de doenças crônicas é alta. Este estudo apontou que os pacientes idosos, do sexo masculino e com doenças de bases associadas predominaram na análise deste estudo. Este estudo tem algumas limitações. Seria interessante repetir este estudo com mais pacientes para melhorar a representatividade e o poder estatístico. Recomenda-se o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas que sejam representativas da população idosa e estudos mais aprofundados sobre o impacto da pandemia na saúde desta população.
FATORES QUE LEVAM AO DESMAME PRECOCE DO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: MARTİNS HENRİQUES Marisa , CHORA Maria Antónia
Published: October 2022

Introdução: O leite materno é um dos alimentos mais antigos que desde sempre acompanhou a evolução e o desenvolvimento da humanidade, quer seja ele para alimentar o recém-nascido quer mesmo na sua dependência para a sua sobrevivência. Atualmente, o leite materno é altamente reconhecido pela sua simplicidade e pela sua riqueza nutritiva em todo o mundo, sendo o mesmo defendido pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, independentemente da nacionalidade, da cultura e religião. O leite materno para além de ser o alimento ideal e o mais saudável para todos os recém-nascidos saudáveis. Sendo cada vez mais preconizado e incentivado a ser o primeiro e o único alimento que o ser humano deve consumir desde seu nascimento até ao sexto mês de vida. Quando se aborda a temática de aleitamento materno ou simplesmente de leite materno abrange uma série de benefícios sejam eles para o lactente até mesmo para a lactante. Sabemos que a primeira regalia deste alimento é a sua capacidade de adaptação consoante as necessidades hídricas, nutritivas e até imunológicas para a criança, para além do processo de vinculação mãe-bebé, da promoção saudável do desenvolvimento infantil, a facilidade de manuseamento e preparação entre outras.Sendo aleitamento materno considaro algo simple e até fisiologico existem diversos fatores/causas que levam ao seu desmame precoce. Objetivo: Compreender quais os fatores/causas que levam a mulher a desistir da amamentação, bem como apresentar as competências do enfermeiro na promoção do aleitamento materno. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura com recurso a bases de dados científicas eletrónicas, incidindo sobre estudos escritos em português, inglês e espanhol publicados entre 2014-2019 baseados nos descritores em ciências da saúde (DeCs) e Medical Subject Heading (MesH). Resultados: Na pesquisa nas bases de dados B-ON e Chorane surgiram 416 artigos não duplicados dos quais 10 foram selecionados, com aplicação dos critérios de inclusão. No final 10 artigos cumpriam os critérios da Checklist JBI. Conclusão: O enfermeiro além das suas competências especificas é o profissional de saúde que presta cuidados exclusivos e inerentes ao recém-nascido e a puérpera, desta forma torna-se um elemento importante e crucial na literacia do aleitamento materno, na sua desmitificação, bem como no seu seguimento e acompanhamento na promoção da amamentação preferencialmente, e sempre que seja possível e exclusiva desde do nascimento até aos seis meses de vida do lactente. Maximizando a promoção da saúde inerente a amamentação e relacionando-o com qualidade de vida para o ser humano, nota-se que existem inúmeros benefícios para ambas as partes.
O IMPACTO DA PANDEMIA NOS CUIDADORES DE PESSOAS COM PERTURBAÇÕES DO ESPECTRO DO AUTISMO
Authors: NOMBORA Odete , CERTO Andreia
Published: October 2022

Introdução: Pessoas com Perturbações do Espectro do Autismo (PEA) têm dificuldade de adaptação às mudanças e novas rotinas, principalmente quando relacionadas às exigências ambientais excessivas, como é o caso particular de uma pandemia, o que por sua vez, proporciona maior responsabilidade e stress emocional aos cuidadores, podendo ter consequências negativas a longo prazo para a sua saúde mental. Sendo assim, é crucial criar estratégias de coping e de promoção de saúde mental nesta população. Objetivo: pretende-se fazer uma reflexão sobre o impacto da pandemia na saúde mental dos cuidadores de pessoas com PEA, assim como identificar estratégias que podem ser adotadas e medidas preventivas. Método: foi conduzida uma revisão não sistemática da literatura publicada sobre o tópico desde março de 2020, usando a base de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, combinações dos termos MeSH “covid-19”, “caregivers”, “autism spectrum disorder”, “autism”, “mental health”. Foram selecionadas 9 publicações que abordam o tema em análise, apenas artigos de revisão e meta-análises. Resultados: Os resultados enfatizam o stress emocional vivenciado pelos cuidadores de pessoas com PEA durante a pandemia da COVID-19. A interrupção do suporte nos serviços de saúde, o encerramento de escolas e de instituições de apoio socio-ocupacional e as demandas domésticas, foram alguns dos desafios identificados. Pais e cuidadores abdicaram da sua vida social, do autocuidado, para cuidar dos filhos com PEA, o que por sua vez contribuiu para o desgaste emocional e o surgimento de doença mental e burnout em alguns casos. Destaca-se assim o papel da continuidade dos cuidados para famílias de pessoas com PEA durante a pandemia e a necessidade de implementar programas de suporte flexíveis e oportunos, por forma a superar os desafios vivenciados. A telemedicina, foi das intervenções mais realçadas para a continuidade dos cuidados e implementação de medidas de apoio e suporte dos cuidadores, tais como a criação de grupos de ajuda mútua, linhas de apoio e aconselhamento que permitem a partilha de preocupações e a assistência para lidar com situações específicas. Conclusões: A pandemia da COVID-19 afetou negativamente a saúde mental de pessoas com PEA e dos seus cuidadores e tem um impacto psicossocial acrescido, sendo importante impulsionar a expansão e desenvolvimento de programas de apoio e intervenções adaptadas para promover a saúde mental e o bem-estar deste grupo vulnerável. É consensual, a necessidade de trabalho multidisciplinar, envolvendo profissionais de saúde, instituições comunitárias e autoridades governamentais para ultrapassar os desafios impostos pela pandemia, tanto no momento atual, como no período pós-pandémico.
Narrative parallels of Yakut and German-Scandinavian epos
Authors: Решетникова А.П.
Published: October 2022

В статье представлен анализ ситуационных стереотипов и поведенческих ролей главных персонажей якутского и германо-скандинавского эпосов. Автор предлагает обратить внимание на изучение эволюции слагаемых эпоса. Сменяемость переходных обрядов жизненного цикла главного героя образует основные элементы композиции эпоса, создавая для сказителей удобные клише, благодаря которому запоминались огромные тексты эпосов. А. П. Решетникова вводит понятие «эпической обрядности» как условие композиционного стержня памятников мирового эпоса, которое позволит воссоздать цепочку развития каждого из эпических обрядов. Песенные разделы героического эпоса рассматриваются в качестве портретного маркера, обладающего индивидуальными музыкальными характеристиками, где пение выступает в качестве особого языка, понятного сакральным адресатам. Предложенный метод рассмотрения эволюции сюжетных блоков позволит по-новому выстроить слагаемые исторической поэтики.

The article presents an analysis of situational stereotype and behavioral roles of leading characters in Yakut and German-Scandinavian epos. The author proposes to draw attention to the evolution study of epos summand. The removability of passing rituals of a leading character`s life forms the main elements of epos composition making practical topos for narrators that helped to memorize great number of texts. A.P. Reshetnikova introduced the notion «epic ritualism» as a factor of world epos` that will let to reconstruct the development of each epic ritual. Song parts of heroic epos are considered as a portrait marker having individual musical characteristics that lets the singing to act as a special language understood by sacred adressees. The offered consideration method of narrative blocks allows to newly build the historical poetic summands.
The Relation Between the Bond Angle and Carbon-Oxygen Stretching Frequencies of Carboxylato Complexes
Authors: Foreman Madison M. , Stanton John F , WEBER J. Mathias
Published: October 2022

The symmetric (νs) and antisymmetric (νas) OCO stretching modes of carboxylate containing compounds encode structural information that can be difficult to decipher due to the sensitivity of these spectral features to small shifts in charge distribution and structure, as well as the anharmonicities of these two vibrational modes. In this work, we discuss the relation between the frequency of these modes and the geometry of the carboxylate group, showing that the splitting between νs and νas (νs-a) can be predicted based only on the OCO bond angle obtained from quantum chemical calculations with reasonable accuracy (± 58 cm-1, R2 = 0.992). The relationship is shown to hold for infrared spectra of carboxylato groups in a variety of molecules measured in vacuo. The physical origins of this model are discussed in the framework of normal mode analysis.
Electrochemical nucleic acid-based sensors for detection of E. coli and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) – Review of the recent developments
Authors: Wasiewska Luiza , Seymour Ian , Juska Vuslat , Burgess Kaye , Duffy Geraldine , O'Riordan Alan
Published: October 2022

Escherichia coli (E. coli) are a group of bacteria, which are a natural part of the intestinal flora of warm-blooded animals, including humans. Most E. coli are non-pathogenic and are essential for the normal function of a healthy intestine, however, certain types such as Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) is a foodborne pathogen that can cause a life-threatening illness. Development of point-of-care (POC), rapid detection devices for E. coli have high importance from a food safety point of view. The most suitable way to distinguish between generic E. coli and STEC is by using nucleic acid-based detection, focusing on the virulence factors. Electrochemical sensors based on nucleic acid recognition have attracted much attention in recent years for use in pathogenic bacteria detection. This review has summarised nucleic acid-based sensors for the detection of generic E. coli and STEC since 2015. First, the sequences of the genes used as recognition probes are discussed and compared to the most recent research regarding the specific detection of general E. coli and STEC. Subsequently, the collected literature regarding nucleic acid-based sensors was described and discussed. The traditional sensors were divided into four categories such as gold, ITO, carbon-based electrodes, and those using magnetic particles. Finally, we summarised the future trends in nucleic acid-based sensor development for E. coli and STEC including some examples of fully integrated devices
Pt:Ge ratio as a lever of activity and selectivity control of supported PtGe clusters in thermal dehydrogenation
Authors: Poths Patricia , Zandkarimi Borna , Alexandrova Anastassia N. , Jimenez-Izal Elisa
Published: October 2022

Ethylene is a key molecule in the chemical industry and it can be obtained through the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethane. Pt-based catalysts show high performance toward alkane dehydrogenation, but suffer from coke formation and sintering that deactivate the catalyst. Ge was recently discovered to be a promising alloying element that suppresses deactivation of Pt while preserving its catalytic activity toward alkane dehydrogenation. In this work we explore the effect of the Ge content in supported PtGe cluster alloys, on the activity toward ethane dehydrogenation, selectivity against deeper dehydrogenation and coking, and sintering resistance. Our model is a tetrameric Pt cluster supported on magnesia, with varying amounts of added Ge. The phase diagram for these clusters was computed using global optimization at the density functional theory level, and under the paradigm of a statistical ensemble of many states populated by clusters at catalytic temperatures. The phase diagram shows that various Ge contents should be synthetically accessible, with Pt4Ge/MgO and Pt4Ge4 /MgO being the most likely phases. The subsequent adsorption and mechanistic studies show that the clusters with the 1:4 Ge to Pt ratio (Pt4Ge/MgO) feature the largest resistance to sintering and best selectivity in the ethane dehydrogenation toward ethylene. Clusters without Ge are too active and easily coke, whereas clusters with higher Ge content start losing the catalytic activity toward ethane dehydrogenation. Thus, Ge concentration is a lever of control of Pt cluster stability and selectivity, and of cluster catalyst design. The effect of the Ge concentration on the cluster properties is explained on the basis of the electronic structure.
Transition Metal-Free Difunctionalization of Sulfur Nucleophiles
Authors: Mondal Shobhan , Di Tommaso Ester Maria , Olofsson Berit
Published: October 2022

Efficient protocols for accessing iodo-implanted diaryl and aryl(vinyl) thioethers have been developed using iodonium salts as reactive electrophilic arylation and vinylation reagents. The reactions take place under transition metal-free, thiol-free, and external base-free conditions. A wide variety of functional groups are tolerated in the S-diarylation, leading to the regioselective late-stage application of several heterocycles and drug molecules under mild reaction conditions. A novel S-difunctionalization pathway was discovered using vinyliodonium salts, which proceeds under additive-free reaction conditions and grants excellent stereoselectivity in the synthesis of (aryl)vinyl thioethers. A one-pot strategy combining transition metal-free diarylation and subsequent reduction provided facile access to electron-rich thioanilines and direct synthesis of a potential drug candidate derivative. The retained iodo group allows a wide array of further synthetic transformations. Mechanistic insights were elucidated by isolating the key intermediate, and the relevant energy profile was substantiated by DFT calculations.
Dissociation slowdown by collective optical response under strong coupling conditions
Authors: Sukharev Maxim , Subotnik Joseph , Nitzan Abraham
Published: October 2022

We consider an ensemble of diatomic molecules resonantly coupled to an optical cavity under strong coupling conditions at normal incidence. Photodissociation dynamics is examined via direct numerical integration of the coupled Maxwell-Schrodinger equations with molecular ro-vibrational degrees of freedom explicitly taken into account. It is shown that the dissociation is significantly affected (slowed down) when the system is driven at its polaritonic frequencies. The observed effect is demonstrated to be of transient nature and has no classical analog. An intuitive explanation of the dissociation slowdown at polaritonic frequencies is proposed.
The μ opioid receptor crystal structure with BU72 is a covalent adduct
Authors: Munro Thomas A.
Published: October 2022

The first crystal structure of the active μ opioid receptor (μOR) exhibited several unexplained features. The ligand BU72 exhibited many extreme deviations from ideal geometry, along with unexplained electron density around the benzylic carbon. I previously showed that inverting the benzylic configuration resolved these problems, establishing revised stereochemistry of BU72 and its analog BU74. However, another problem remains unresolved: additional unexplained electron density contacts both BU72 and a histidine residue in the N-terminus. Here I show that these short contacts and uninterrupted density are inconsistent with non-covalent interactions. Therefore, BU72 and μOR form a covalent adduct through an unmodeled atom, and the published model as two separate entities is incorrect. A subsequently proposed magnesium complex is also inconsistent with multiple lines of evidence. However, oxygen fits the unexplained density well. While the proposed structure is tentative, similar oxygen-bridged adducts have been reported previously in the presence of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, known sources of reactive oxygen species were present: HEPES buffer, nickel ions, and a sequence motif that forms redox-active nickel complexes. This motif contacts the unexplained density. The adduct exhibits severe strain, and the tethered N-terminus forms contacts with adjacent residues. These forces, along with the nanobody used as a G-protein substitute, would be expected to influence the receptor conformation. Consistent with this, the intracellular end of the structure differs markedly from subsequent structures of active μOR bound to Gi protein. These later structures are likely to be more accurate templates for docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The possibility of reactions like this should be considered in the choice of protein truncation sites and purification conditions, and in the interpretation of excess or unexplained density.
Aldehydes as O-Nucleophiles in Cobalt Hydride Catalysis: Overriding the Innate Somophilicity
Authors: Nie Yi-Chen , Yang Fan , Li Yu-Hao , Zhu Rong
Published: October 2022

In metal hydride-catalyzed alkene hydrofunctionalization reactions via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), simple carbonyl groups have been well recognized as good somophiles at the carbon for C–C bond formation. Here we report an alternative pathway exploring the carbonyl as an O-nucleophile to make new C–O bonds during the CoH-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of alkenyl aldehydes. This reaction provides a rapid, mild, modular, and stereoselective (up to > 20:1) entry to saturated O-heterocycles via nucleophilic trapping of an in situ formed oxocarbenium intermediate. The key to overriding the carbonyl’s innate somophilicity was found to be promoting the formation of organocobalt species and suppressing degenerative transfer.
Synthesis of 3-alkyl oxazolidines, derived from 2-hydroxymethyl piperidine, as analytical standards for the analysis of volatile aldehydes in the workplace
Authors: R. Yaya Amadou , Girard Martin , Belkhadem Karima , Piard Rémi , Decken Andreas , Choinière Catherine , Cloutier Pierre-Luc , Lesage Jacques , Breau Livain
Published: October 2022

Hexahydro-3-alkyl-3H-oxazolo[3,4-a]pyridines 4-15 for the quantitative analysis of various aldehydes were obtained in good yield via the condensation reaction of 2-hydroxymethylpiperidine (2-HMP) with aldehydes under mild conditions. When acrolein is used, the bicyclic 17 was obtained. This novel compound has suitable physical characteristic for an analytical standard. The hexahydro-3-vinyl-3H-oxazolo[3,4-a]pyridine 16 can be achieve at higher temperature. Using specific conditions, a diastereomeric mixture of 18/19 and pure 18, which are both bisadducts of 2-HMP with acrolein, can be obtained. Mechanistically, a thorough 1H-NMR study did not show any evidence that the condensation reaction proceeded via an enamine. The reaction probably proceeds through an elusive hemiaminal and fleeting iminium ion, which underwent subsequent cyclisation to gave hexahydro-3-alkyl-3H-oxazolo[3,4-a]pyridines 4-16. The reaction pathways for the preparation of 4-18 are described.
Catalytic Borylation of Dinitrogen into Borylamines and Borylhydrazines Using Rhenium Complexes under Ambient Reaction Conditions
Authors: Meng Fanqiang , Kuriyama Shogo , Egi Akihito , Tanaka Hiromasa , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Nishibayashi Yoshiaki
Published: October 2022

In the presence of a catalytic amount of a dinitrogen-bridged dirhenium complex bearing PNP-type pincer ligands, an atmospheric pressure of dinitrogen reacted with potassium as a reductant and dicyclohexylchloroborane as a borylating reagent at room temperature to give 14.4 equiv of ammonia and 3.2 equiv of hydrazine based on the rhenium atom of the catalyst upon hydrolysis (20.8 equiv of fixed N atom). This result demonstrates the first successful example of the borylation of dinitrogen into ammonia and hydrazine equivalents under ambient conditions with rhenium complexes as catalysts.
Accurate Spin-Orbit Coupling and Intersystem Crossing by Relativistic Mixed-Reference Spin-Flip (MRSF)-TDDFT
Authors: Komarov Konstantin , Park Woojin , Lee Seunghoon , Zeng Tao , Choi Cheol-Ho
Published: October 2022

Relativistic MRSF-TDDFT is developed considering the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) within the mean-field approximation. The resulting SOC-MRSF faithfully reproduces the experiments with very high accuracy, which is also consistent with the values by four-component (4c) relativistic CASSCF and 4c-CASPT2 in the spin-orbit-energy splitting calculations of the C, Si and Ge atoms. Even for the fifth-row element Sn, the SOC-MRSF yielded accurate splittings (~3% error). In the SOC calculations of the molecular 4-thiothymine with a third-row element, SOC-MRSF values are in excellent agreement with those of SO-GMC-QDPT2 level, regardless of geometries and exchange-correlation functionals. The same SOC-MRSF predicted the anticipated chance of S1 (n pi*) -> T1 (pi pi*) intersystem crossing, even in thymine with only second-row elements. With its accuracy and practicality, thus, SOC-MRSF is a promising electronic structure protocol in challenging situations such as nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (NAMD) incorporating both internal conversions and intersystem crossings in large systems.
INDIAN ASSOCIATION FOR CRYSTAL GROWTH 2014
Authors: Pandian Dr Muthu Senthil
Published: October 2022

It is a great pleasure for me to present you the TWENTY SIXTH issue of IACG NEWS LETTER-2014. An enthusiastic note is that the number of the IACG members is increasing tremendously. To date we have about 300 life members. The immense support and encouragement we have been receiving from the Indian Crystal Growth Community has given us enthusiasm to bring out the Twenty Sixth Issue of our IACG News Letter.
INDIAN ASSOCIATION FOR CRYSTAL GROWTH 2016
Authors: Pandian Dr Muthu Senthil
Published: October 2022

It is a great pleasure for me to present you the TWENTY EIGHTH issue of IACG NEWS LETTER-2016. An enthusiastic note is that the number of the Crystal Growth members is increasing tremendously. To date we have about 350 Crystal Growth research active life members. The immense support and encouragement we have been receiving from the Indian Crystal Growth Community has given us enthusiasm to bring out the Twenty Eighth Issue of our IACG News Letter-2016.
INDIAN ASSOCIATION FOR CRYSTAL GROWTH 2017
Authors: Senthil Dr Muthu
Published: October 2022

INDIAN ASSOCIATION FOR CRYSTAL GROWTH 2017
Democracy and Social Equality
Authors: Cox Ryan
Published: October 2022

This essay explores the relation between democracy and social equality. It critically evaluates the relational egalitarian view that democracy is necessary for full social equality and that democracy is an important constituent of social equality. On such a view, inequalities in power an de facto authority are taken, in certain circumstances, to constitute a form of social inequality. On the basis of a series of cases, I argue that such a view is mistaken, and that political inequalities are, at best, empirically and contingently related to social inequality. I argue that what is primarily wrong with inequalities in power and de facto authority is not that, in certain circumstances, they constitute a form of social inequality, but rather that they can be used to extract greater consideration for those with greater power
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK TEH (Camellia sinensis Linn.) JENIS TEH PUTIH PADA DESICCATED COCONUT UNTUK PENGHAMBATAN KERUSAKAAN OKSIDATIF
Authors: Suciningtyas Maria Adinda , Rohadi Rohadi , Sani Elly Yuniarti
Published: October 2022

Desiccated coconut (DC) atau kelapa parut kering banyak mengandung lemak, sehingga mudah rusak oksidatif dan menyebabkan tengik (rancidity). Untuk mencegah kerusakan tersebut maka diperlukan penambahan antioksidan alami yang fungsinya selain untuk memperpanjang daya simpan. Salah satu antioksidan alami yang potensial yaitu ekstrak teh putih.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan ekstrak teh (C. sinensis Linn.) jenis teh putih pada DC terhadap penghambatan kerusakan oksidatif. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) satu faktor yaitu variasi konsentrasi ekstrak teh putih (ETP) sebanyak 6 perlakuan, yaitu: P1 (500 ppm); P2 (750 ppm); P3 (1000 ppm); P4 (1250 ppm); P5 (1500 ppm), dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan diuji menggunakan Duncan Multiple Range Test pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak teh (C.sinensis Linn.) jenis teh putih menghambat kerusakan oksidatif  pada DC selama penyimpanan. Penambahan ekstrak teh sebanyak 1.500 ppm cukup potensial untuk penghambatan kerusakan oksidatif pada DC selama masa simpan.
KAJIAN RASIO NATRIUM BIKARBONAT DAN ASAM SITRAT PADA FORMULASI SERBUK EFFERVESCENT BERBASIS TEH HITAM DAN KAYU SECANG TERHADAP CO₂ TERLARUT, WAKTU LARUT DAN SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK
Authors: Hakim Luqman
Published: October 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengethui pengaruh berbagai rasio natrium bikarbonat dan asam sitrat terhadap   jumlah CO₂ terlarut, jumlah asam tertritrasi, waktu larut, pH, dan sifat organoleptik pada serbuk effervescent berbasis teh hitam dan kayu secang. Diduga bahwa berbagai rasio Natrium bikarbonat dan asam sitrat dapat berpengaruh nyata terhadap waktu larut, asam tertritrasi, CO₂ terlarut, pH, dan Organoleptik produk.

Rancangan  percoban  yang  digunakan  adalah  Rancangan  acak  lengkap  dengan  lima

perlakuan rasio natrium bikarbonat dan asam sitrat dalam formula F1(1:1,2), F2(1:0,8), F3(1:0,6), F4(1:0,4), F5(1:0,2), dengan tiga kali ulangan. Jika sidik ragam menunjukkan berbeda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT dengan taraf 5%, untuk mengetahui pengaruh antar perlakuan.

Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa rasio natrium bikarbonat dan asam sitrat berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap CO₂ terlarut, total Asam tertitrasi, dan waktu larut, serta berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap sifat organoleptik aroma, dan  rasa namun tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0,05) terhadap warna produk.

Semakin tinggi rasio natrium bikarbonat dengan asam sitrat sejalan dengan semakin tinggi CO₂ terlarut, semakin cepat waktu larut, dan semakin tinggi pH, namun semakin turun total asam tertitrasi,

 
KOMPARASI SIFAT ANTIOKSIDATIF SEDUHAN TEH HIJAU, TEH HITAM, TEH OOLONG DAN TEH PUTIH PRODUKSI PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA IX
Authors: Anggraini Lusi Dwi , Rohadi Rohadi , Putri Aldila Sagitaning
Published: October 2022

Teh merupakan minuman yang paling populer di masyarakat. Terdapat empat jenis teh : teh hijau, teh hitam, teh oolong, teh putih. Keempatnya dibedakan berdasarkan proses pengolahan. Keempat jenis teh tersebut mengandung polifenol yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan yang mampu melindungi tubuh dari serangan radikal bebas. Pemanfaatan bahan alam ini menjadi motivasi dilakukannya penelitian tentang sifat antioksidatif pada seduhan empat jenis teh yaitu teh hijau, teh hitam, teh oolong dan teh putih yang di produksi PT Perkebunan Nusantara XI.

Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mengetahui komparasi sifat antioksidatif seduhan  teh  hijau,  teh  hitam,  teh  oolong  dan  teh  putih  di  PT  Perkebunan Nusantara IX. Mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan terkuat dari seduhan teh hijau, teh hitam, teh oolong dan teh putih di PT Perkebunan Nusantara IX. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Rekayasa Pangan, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Semarang pada bulan Januari 2017. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) satu faktor yaitu metode penyeduhan dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan pada teh hijau, teh hitam, teh oolong dan teh putih dengan metode penyeduhan pada suhu 60˚C± 2ºC selama 10 menit. Variabel yang diamati antara lain analisis proksimat, total fenolik, total flavonoid, dan aktivitas antioksidan (RSA-DPPH). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam dan apabila ada perbedaan antar perlakuan maka diuji lanjut dengan uji wilayah ganda Duncan (DMRT) pada taraf 5%.

Hasil penelitian terhadap seduhan teh hijau, teh hitam, teh oolong dan teh putih di PT Perkebunan Nusantara IX dengan penyeduhan pada suhu 60ºC ± 2ºC selama 5 menit menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan sifat antioksidatif total fenolik, total flavonoid, dan aktivitas antioksidan. Kadar total fenolik tertinggi pada teh oolong (1,90 mgGAE/g), total flavonoid tertinggi pada teh hijau 0,1991 mgQE/g, dan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi pada teh putih (89,63%). Dari keempat jenis teh tersebut teh yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi adalah teh putih dengan aktivitas antioksidan 89,63%.
Pembuatan Hand Soap Dengan Proses Saponifikasi Dengan Pemurnian Minyak Jelantah Menggunakan Arang Aktif
Authors: Bakhri Syamsul , Mahdang Anjeli Febriani , Kaseng Andi Asriani
Published: October 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui formulasi komposisi antara minyak jelantah dan KOH yang mana dari tiga formulasi komposisi yang memiliki daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri yang bagus di kulit. Pada Proses Pembuatan Hand Soap, menggunakan metode hot process, yang tentunya diawali dengan pemurnian minyak jelantah menggunakan arang aktif. Pengujian daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri dengan menggunakan cemaran bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus, dan pengujan organoleptik dilakukan dengan cara menggunakan hand soap yang dihasilkan  kepada sepuluh koresponden. Hasil yang diapai dalam peneitian ini adalah Hand Soap dengan formulasi 375 gr minyak jelantah dan 125 gr KOH memiliki daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri di kulit, nyaman digunakan, wangi, dan tidak iritasi.
Uji Coba Penggunaan Bengkuang Sebagai Pengganti Daging Ayam Dalam Pembuatan Nugget
Authors: Abduh Mohammad Syaltut
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, Dengan tujuan untuk menganalisa data dari berbagai sudut yang diperlukan untuk mencapai sebuah kesimpulan. Peneliti sudah menggumpulkan data-data yang diperlukan melalui panelis ahli dan tidak terlatih di Lab Organoleptik dengan kusioner yang sudah disiapkan. Kemudian data yang telah didapat di kumpulan serta di lakukan uji dan diambil kesimpulan dari segi rasa mendapatkan nilai sig 0,373,dari segi tekstur mendapatkan nilai 0,094 dan dari segi warna mendapatkan nilai sig 1,000. Hasil dari uji T yang di dapat adalah angka signifikan lebih besar dibandingkan 0,05 yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan tekstur , rasa dan warna antara nugget perlakuan dengan nugget kontrol. Kesimpulan yang didapat melalui uji hedonik bahwa panelis lebih menyukai nugget bengkuang dibandingkan nugget daging ayam dari segi tekstur, Sedangkan dari segi rasa nugget daging ayam lebih disukai dibandingkan nugget bengkuang. Dari segi warna keduanya memiliki nilai yang sama.