bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dépenses de défense et de sécurité 2015 (C120-C141)
Authors: Guilhaudis Jean-François , Malizard Julien
Published: January 2024

Soumission à Epi-revel

Ce chapitre ne se borne pas à indiquer pour l’année 2015, sur la base des données bien connues du SIPRI, l’évolution des dépenses militaires mondiales, le palmarès des Etats dépensiers et des informations sur les dépenses au niveau régional mais rapporte ces dépenses aux alliances et aux groupes d’Etats susceptible de s’affronter. Il approfondit, sur la base d’autres sources d’information (données AED et OTAN) l’étude des dépenses des pays européens et des membres de l’OTAN. Il s’efforce également de donner des éléments sur les dépenses par catégories, (R&D et équipement) et sur les dépenses de la France et fournit les repères essentiels, valables sur le sujet, début 2016

This chapter does not merely indicate the evolution of global military spending, the charts of the spendthrift and information on the costs at the regional level for the year 2015 based on the well known SIPRI’s data, but reports these expenses to alliances and groups of States likely to compete. It deepens, on the basis of other information sources (data AED and OTAN) the study of European countries and NATO members expenses. Also it strives to give elements on spending by categories, (R & D and equipment) and on french expenditure and provides essential, valid benchmarks on the subject, early 2016

International audience
The Effect of the Internet of Things Integrated Discovery Learning Model on Students Critical Thinking Skills: Meta-analysis
Authors: Baso Intang Sappaile  , Mohammad Edy Nurtamam  , Sukini  , Abdul rahman  , Tomi Apra Santosa
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of the internet of things integrated discovery learning model on students' critical thinking skills. This type of research is meta-analysis research. This research data comes from 12 national and international journals published in 2020-2024. Data tracing through goole scholar, Sage journal, Researchgate and ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria in this meta-analysis are research derived from national and international journals indexed by SINTA and Scopus, research must be experimental methods and quasi-experiments, research related to the Internet of Things (IoT) integrated discovery learning model on students' critical thinking skills and research reports complete data to calculate effect size values. Data analysis using Microsoft Excel. The results concluded that there is an influence of the IoT integrated discovery learning model on critical thinking skills with a high mean effect size ( ES = 0.915) effect category.
Compromiso cívico juvenil y educomunicación en contextos vulnerables. Caso de estudio con entidad socioeducativa en Barcelona
Authors: Palacios Esparza María José , Arciniega Cáceres Mittzy , Figueras Maz Mònica
Published: January 2024

Este artículo tiene por objetivos comprender cómo surgen las manifestaciones de compromiso cívico en jóvenes de contextos vulnerables y cómo los procesos educomunicativos podrían ser útiles para entender la forma en que conectan con el compromiso cívico. Los resultados se desprenden del caso de estudio de un proyecto Horizon 2020 que se desarrolló de enero a junio de 2022 con jóvenes de entre 16 y 18 años de una asociación educativa del barrio del Raval en Barcelona. Se realizaron 32 talleres en los que se aplicó la metodología audiovisual participativa y el trabajo etnográfico basado en la observación participante y no participante. Los resultados identificaron que el proceso educomunicativo permitió a las personas jóvenes desarrollar una mirada colectiva y una identidad social que favoreció despertar su interés, manifestar opiniones y reaccionar ante las problemáticas de su entorno. Así, se concluye que estos procesos pueden contribuir a garantizar el derecho de las personas jóvenes a participar en la vida cívica y política con una mirada diversa que preste atención a sus propias motivaciones y formas de manifestarse.
Construcción de estructuras mediáticas alternativas. El caso de la PMI
Authors: Aracil-Moratel Julio , Segovia Alonso Ana Isabel
Published: January 2024

A partir del caso de la Plataforma de Medios Independientes española, este trabajo ahonda en la dificultad de creación de alternativas mediáticas completamente independientes de las estructuras de poder mediáticas y financieras. Aunque existen intentos de contrapoder dentro del modelo dominante, las conexiones y los desequilibrios inherentes presentan desafíos significativos. Los medios de la PMI, a pesar de sus limitaciones, desempeñan un papel crucial en el fomento de espacios de resistencia y diálogo ante las estructuras de poder hegemónicas, pero enfrentan obstáculos financieros y organizativos para lograr una resistencia sostenible.
gobierno desde X: análisis del caso Gustavo Petro en Colombia
Authors: Barrios-Rubio Andrés
Published: January 2024

Ambiente de crisis, que se vive en Latinoamérica, instituye en las plataformas sociales un significado especial, púlpito desde el que se tienden puentes entre el actor político, las instituciones públicas y la población. La circulación de mensajes busca reducir el escepticismo, mitigar el impacto de políticas públicas que apuestan por la igualdad social. Esta investigación de metodología mixta tuvo un corpus digital que abarcó la organización, en red, de datos en línea: información gráfica, hipervínculos, referencias o menciones de autor. El mensaje digital permitió percibir, en el espacio en línea, la dualidad que se presenta en el sistema de valores a través de narrativas (temas) y discursos (significados y contextos) que funcionan en el marco de las plataformas sociales. Como principal conclusión se encuentra que el dominio de códigos comunicativos lleva a una lectura activa, seguimiento y control del mensaje para administrar las emociones y reacciones radicales que se exaltan en la coyuntura del momento.
influencia de las redes en los imaginarios sobre España de los menores migrantes marroquíes
Authors: Candón-Mena Jose , Guevara-Perea María
Published: January 2024

Este estudio analiza la influencia de las redes sociales digitales en los imaginarios sobre España creados por los menores marroquíes que migran al país. Usamos una metodología cualitativa basada en catorce entrevistas a jóvenes que migraron a España desde Marruecos siendo menores de edad. Los resultados muestran que las redes sociales de otros jóvenes que migraron anteriormente son la principal fuente de información con la que se construye la imagen de España. Esta imagen resulta sesgada, ya que no se corresponde con la experiencia real que experimentan al llegar al país, y provoca que la juventud se sienta desengañada por la información recibida previamente. Sin embargo, al llegar a España los menores replican en las redes el mismo tipo de contenidos. Concluimos que el sesgo narcisista de las redes sociales unido a la presión social para mostrar de forma exitosa el proceso migratorio se apuntan como causas de este fenómeno, que retroalimenta el impulso por migrar de otros menores marroquíes. No obstante, la falta de expectativas de futuro para la juventud en Marruecos sigue siendo la motivación principal para migrar.
Perbedaan pH Saliva Berorientasi Gender Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Fakultas Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Sukabumi
Authors: Makiyah Arfatul , Fajar Ramadhani Anggun
Published: January 2024

Saliva adalah cairan biologis dan diagnostik dalam rongga mulut, terdiri atas campuran dari sekresi kelenjar saliva mayor dan minor. Perubahan komposisi dan laju alir saliva dapat membahayakan integritas jaringan lunak dan keras dalam rongga mulut. Saliva menyediakan kalsium, fosfat dan protein dengan membentuk pelikel pelindung pada permukaan gigi, yang bertindak sebagai sumber zat antibakteri dan bufer. Bufer merupakan solusi yang cenderung untuk mempertahankan pH konstan. Setiap kali pH mulai turun setelah mengonsumsi substrat, akan dikembalikan seperti semula setelah beberapa waktu karena bufer yang ada dalam saliva. Nilai pH kritis biasanya sekitar 5,5 berkisar antara 5,2 dan 5,7. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di Universitas Muhammadiyah Sukabumi (UMMI). Subjek dalam penelitian ini meliputi 50 mahasiswa Fakultas Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Sukabumi. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling karena semua populasi digunakan sebagai sampel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan pada mahasiswa/i keperawatan Tingkat 1 yang berjumlah 50 mahasiswa/i dengan didapatkan hasil dari Tabel 4.1 Distribusi frekuensi pH Saliva yang bersifat Asam sebanyak 15 mahasiswa/i (48,3%), jenis pH Saliva Normal yaitu sebanyak 4 mahasiswa/i (12,9%), dan jenis pH Saliva Basa yaitu sebanyak 12 orang (38,7%). Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan pH saliva antara Mahasiswa berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan, dimana pH saliva mahasiswa berjenis kelamin laki-laki lebih rendah daripada pH saliva mahasiswa berjenis kelamin perempuan.
Tutela cuantitativa de la legítima en el Código civil: cuestiones dudosas y jurisprudencia relevante
Authors: GALICIA AIZPURUA Gorka
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo analiza los aspectos nucleares del régimen de protección cuantitativa de la legítima en el Código civil español, así como la más reciente doctrina jurisprudencial existente al respecto. Se trata de un régimen oscuro y disperso, que, por esto mismo, suscita en su aplicación una gran inseguridad entre los operadores jurídicos, y ello en aspectos tan transcendentales como, por ejemplo, la determinación del plazo de prescripción de las acciones de reducción de disposiciones inoficiosas o la fijación del dies a quo para su cómputo.
Kontribusi Kebiasaan Belajar di Sekolah dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi Siswa Kelas X SMA Ekasakti Padang
Authors: Azis Tareq
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh masalah rendahnya hasil belajar mata pelajaran ekonomi siswa kelas X SMA Ekasakti Padang, dimana mendapatkan hasil belajar dibawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal yaitu 75 dengan rentang 0-100. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengungkapkan kontribusi kebiasaan belajar di sekolah dan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar mata pelajaran Ekonomi siswa kelas X SMA Ekasakti Padang. Jenis penelitian deskriptif korelasional. Metode Penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif karena penelitian ini di sajikan dengan angka-angka. Populasi penelitian seluruh siswa kelas X, terdiri dari tiga kelas berjumlah 68 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu semua populasi di jadikan sampel. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu jenis angket dan sumber angket. Data hasil belajar siswa diperoleh dari guru mata pelajaran ekonomi SMA Ekasakti Padang. Sedangkan data kebiasaan dan motivasi belajar melalui angket menggunakan skala likert yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Data di analisis menggunakan metode statistik dengan bantuan software SPSS Versi 23.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Kebiasaan Belajar memberikan kontribusi sebesar 22,7% terhadap hasil belajar; (2) Motivasi Belajar memberikan kontribusi sebesar 47,6% terhadap hasil belajar; (3) Kebiasaan Belajar dan Motivasi Belajar secara bersama-sama memberikan kontribusi sebesar 58,4% terhadap hasil belajar. Hal ini menunjukkan semakin baik kebiasaan belajar dan motivasi belajar maka hasil belajar siswa akan semakin baik pula.
Pengaruh Minat Belajar dan Keterampilan Mencatat Materi Pelajaran terhadap Hasil Belajar Ekonomi Siswa Kelas XI di SMA YAPI Padang
Authors: Elitriyanti
Published: January 2024

Minat dapat mempengaruhi hasil belajar.Seorang siswa yang mempunyai minat belajar akan memperoleh hasil belajar yang baik. Begitu juga dengan keterampilan mencatat materi pelajaran, seorang yang siswa yang terampil dalam mencatat materi pelajaran akan memperoleh hasil belajar yang baik pula. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasional yang mendeskripsikan atau menjelaskan hal apa adanya. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua variabel yaitu variabel bebas dan variabel terikat. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 25 orang siswa kelas XI IPS di SMA YAPI Padang. Dengan menyebarkan angket atau kuesioner. Analisis instrumen yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Tekinik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis data deskriptif, uji prasyarat analisis dan analisis regresi berganda. Sedangkan uji hipotesis menggunakan analisis koefien korelasi, uji F dan uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa adanya pengaruh minat belajar dan keterampilan mencatat materi pelajaran terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Ekonomi kelas XI IPS  di SMA YAPI Padang. Hal ini terlihat dari nilai Fhitung yaitu 0,040, sedangkan nilai Ftabel dapat diperoleh dengan menggunakan tabel F dengan derajat bebas (df) Residual (sisa) yaitu 22 sebagai df penyebut dan df Regression (perlakuan) yaitu 2 sebagai df pembilang dengan taraf siginifikan 0,05, sehingga diperoleh nilai Ftabel yaitu 3,44. Karena Fhitung (0,040)  <  Ftabel (3,44) maka Ho diterima., terlihat pada kolom sig yaitu 0,961 itu berarti probabilitas 0,961 lebih dari daripada 0,05 maka Ho diterima. Jadi minat belajar (X1) dan keterampilan mencatat materi pelajaran (X2) berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar (Y).
LES DONATIONS FONCIÈRES, UNE NOUVELLE PRATIQUE DE CADEAUX DE MARIAGE ET SES DYNAMIQUES ÉMANCIPATRICES DES FEMMES À BAMAKO ET SES ENVIRONS
Authors:   Enseignante-chercheure,  Université des Sciences sociales et de Gestion de Bamako, Camara Fatoumata , Sylla Almamy , Traoré N’gna ,   Enseignant-chercheur, Université des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines de Bamako,   Institut des Sciences Humaine de Bamako
Published: January 2024

L’article explore les adaptations des normes d’accès au foncier à Bamako et dans ses communes environnantes. Dans cette aire géographique qui s’individualise par une croissance démographique rapide, l’accès limité des femmes à la propriété foncière est légitimé par une organisation communautaire assurant la circulation des terres et la perpétuité de la reproduction sociale par le sexe masculin. Basé sur un corpus documentaire issu d’entretiens individuels, des biographies matrimoniales et d’observations des cérémonies de remise des trousseaux et cadeaux de mariage, nos résultats relèvent que de plus en plus, le mariage s’accompagne des donations foncières et immobilières au bénéfice des femmes dans l’espace péri-urbain de Bamako. Les reformes politico-institutionnelles et réglementaires, le contexte de libéralisme économique, singulièrement la libéralisation des marchés fonciers, en vigueur au Mali offrent plus d’opportunité voire de droits à la femme d’accéder à l’héritage foncier des parents, ouvrant la voie à la constitution des patrimoines fonciers pour les femmes. Dans un tel contexte de marchandisation foncière et de difficulté d’accès au logement pour les couches sociales au faible revenu, les donations foncières et immobilières liées au mariage définissent les rapports de pouvoir entre l’épouse logeuse et l’époux logé, entre la femme « so tigi » (expression bamanan signifiant littéralement propriétaire du domicile conjugal) et le mari « du tigi » (chef de famille), mais aussi leurs effets sur l’institution du mariage. Les donations foncières et immobilières renforcent les capacités aussi bien sociales qu’économiques de la femme ainsi que son pouvoir décisionnel, mais aussi et surtout elles interrogent les exigences et responsabilités masculines dans l’institution du mariage
Jean-Luc Marion y la teología. La donación como alternativa al ser
Authors: Porcel Moreno Manuel
Published: January 2024

El presente artículo pretende mostrar cómo la fenomenología de Jean-Luc Marion está suponiendo una gran provocación para la teología contemporánea. Partiendo del pensamiento de Martin Heidegger, el filósofo francés está imponiendo repensar el propio discurso teológico a partir de la distinción que establecen ambos autores entre teología y teiología. Concluiremos afirmando que la teología nos obliga a pensar a Dios fuera de la metafísica y, por lo mismo, fuera del ser del ente. Dios solamente puede darse a pensar sin caer en idolatría si es pensado como don, como el Agapè que se dona al hombre.
Sobre lo sagrado y la dimensión poético-antropológica del habla
Authors: Mentxakatorre Odriozola Jon
Published: January 2024

El presente texto estudia la línea de diálogo entre Platón, Aristóteles, Humboldt y Heidegger acerca del fundamento del habla y su dimensión antropológica, a partir de obras selectas sobre filosofía del lenguaje. Se muestra la tradición interna de lectura de sus textos y las conclusiones del desarrollo del pensamiento filosófico a través de ellos. Se dejan abiertas nuevas vías de estudio desde la hondura que el ser humano y la palabra muestran sobre la belleza y lo sagrado.
Abstract: The following text analyses de dialogue among Plato, Aristotle, Humboldt and Heidegger on the same the basis of speech and its anthropological dimension, based on selected works on philosophy of language. The paper shows the inner tradition of reading of their texts and the conclusions of the development of the philosophical thinking through them. The text opens new paths of research through the depth that the human being and the word show on the beauty and the sacred.
Religion, Immigration and Integration in Castilla and Leon
Authors: Valero Matas Jesús Alberto , Coca Jiménez Pablo
Published: January 2024

This work analyzes the processes of change in the study of the integration of immigrants in Spain, specifically in Castilla y León, their religiosity and the meaning of religion in their integration. The majority of immigrants residing in Spain declare themselves to be believers and practitioners of their religion, hence knowing about coexistence and their religious practices. A quantitative/qualitative study is used as it helps us to understand the relationship between the importance of religion and social participation as a factor of integration. From the study it is extracted, the low tendency to the relations with other cultures and the little social and cultural participation, makes difficult the integration of some ethnic/religious groups. Religiosity increases as integration decreases, this is a consequence of people locking themselves into their ethnic/religious group. Muslims have more difficulties integrating, mainly due to cultural and religious differences.
Ortodoxia versus Heterodoxia sobre la colonización del Oeste estadounidense por empresas religiosas e ideológicas
Authors: Sánchez-Bayón Antonio
Published: January 2024

Estudio crítico-hermenéutico e histórico-comparado de Economía Política e Historia Económica y del Pensamiento Social, aplicando enfoques heterodoxos, para revisar el proceso de colonización del Oeste estadounidense y refutar la visión dominante tendente al reduccionismo y la asunción de una serie de errores. Se atiende aquí a la importancia del factor religioso e ideológico, sistematizándose la diversidad de empresas coloniales privadas, impulsoras de granjas y talleres comunitarios, que facilitaron el desarrollo e integración del país. Se compara su gestión en términos de eficiencia y sostenibilidad. De este modo es posible explicar la paradoja de las utopías estadounidenses, según la cual, las últimas empresas en constituirse, que fueron las ideológicas, pese a contar con mayor capital, fueron las primeras en extinguirse, mientras que las religiosas, llegaron hasta la segunda revolución industrial y algunas hasta hoy.
Implementation of a Cooperative Learning Method to Improve Students’ Learning Outcomes in Biology in Grade 8
Authors:   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Mom Putheary , Hour Khim ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Kong Sam Ol ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College
Published: January 2024

The quality of teachers is an important factor in improving education. Qualified teachers need to have professional knowledge and the richness of teaching methods. Teaching methods are one of the factors that influences students’ participation in learning activities and influences their learning outcomes. This research aims to study the effectiveness of the implementation of a cooperative learning (CL) method to improve students’ learning outcomes in biology in Grade 8 and to understand students’ perceptions of CL. The study was based on a randomly selected sample of 22 students, consisting of two groups: the experiment group taught by the CL method and the control group taught by a traditional teaching and learning method (TM). Data was collected through a pre-test, post-test and questionnaires (using Likert scales), and the data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel, focusing on descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the study showed that the mean score of the students who were taught by CL (M = 33.73, SD = 5.14) was higher than the mean score of those taught by TM (M = 24.82, SD = 7.14), and the p value was smaller than 0.05 (p<0.05). Therefore, the implementation of the CL method enabled students to have better learning outcomes than that of the TM method. Cooperative learning does not only increase students’ learning outcomes but also enables students to work collaboratively, have a sense of responsibility, and enjoy participating in learning, as well as feel satisfied with the CL method. Overall, CL should be applied in teaching and learning in Cambodia more widely because it helps students learn to cultivate their knowledge and skills, including the 21st-century skills.
Implementation of Blended Learning to Help Students Be Active in Science Subjects in Grade 3
Authors:   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Nai Chanboremey , Neang Sovannsereyroth ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, That Sreynan ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Paov Sreynich ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Loch Chandy ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Moeurn Nary ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Kong Sam Ol ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College
Published: January 2024

Teaching methods and strategies play an important role in encouraging students' active participation in learning and thinking, skills, knowledge, and attitudes, and they have a strong influence on students' learning outcomes and practices to help develop students' personalities. However, most teachers still use teaching methods that are not up to date with the new era (e.g., teacher-centered approach), which leads to students being inactive, not united and cooperative, not communicating well, not having critical thinking, not having problem solving skills, and having incomplete knowledge. The purpose of this research was to find out reasons for using blended learning to help students be active in their studies and to improve their achievement in science subjects in Grade 3. There were 19 students (five females) and four observers (four females) who participated in this study. Research tools such as observation checklists and interview guides were developed, and data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Pre-test and post-test and observation checklists were analyzed by Microsoft Excel, focusing on descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that blended learning helped students to be active in learning by improving lesson objectives, teaching materials, teacher methods, student learning behaviors, student satisfaction, and participation. Concerning learning activities, self-study at home with the help of parents or guardians helped improve students’ learning outcomes (Mean pre-test = 1.61, SD = 0.89 and Mean post-test = 6.82, SD = 1.74). The t-test results showed a significant difference (p<0.05), meaning that the results are 95% reliable. Overall, the use of blended learning has helped students to be active in learning and improving their academic achievement in science subjects in Grade 3.
Utilization of local plants for addressing malnutrition in Cambodia
Authors:   National University of Battambang, Srean Pao
Published: January 2024

• Nutritional deficiency can cause a serious problem for human health. This paper aims to explore and predict the nutrition status in Cambodia, as well as provide recommendations for addressing the burden of malnutrition via the utilization of local plants as part of a plant-based diet. • Data on childhood stunting, thinness, and anemia among women from 2000 to 2019 were used to explore the nutrition status and projecting forward to the next decade using R statistical software. • Results showed that one out of five children aged under 5 years old had stunting, whereas one out of ten children (5-19 years old) had thinness, and one out of two women, particularly those in rural areas, had anaemia. • Relevant national policies and evidence from recent research are discussed and used to support the idea proposed for the utilization of local plants. These plants can serve as resources for new product development, such as snacks and sweetened beverages for the specific nutrition needs (e.g., Fe, Zn, and vitamins A, B, C) of children and women. They can also support other healthy food functions such as antioxidants, antiaging, high fibre, etc. • These local plants should be prioritized to support their development and use to address the nutritional issues in Cambodia.
The Roles of Scientific Journals in Improving the Quality of Teaching, Research, and Policy Making
Authors:   Department of Scientific Research, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, Heng Kreng , Sok Say ,   Directorate General of Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, Heng Kimkong ,   Department of Scientific Research, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport
Published: January 2024

ការបោះពុម្ពផ្សាយអត្ថបទស្រាវជ្រាវ ក្នុងទស្សនាវដ្តីស្រាវជ្រាវវិទ្យាសាស្រ្ត ជាមូលដ្ឋានគ្រឹះនៃការបង្កើតចំណេះដឹង និងរបកគំហើញថ្មីៗ ដែលអាចប្រើប្រាស់ជាភស្តុតាង ដើម្បីរៀបចំ ឬបង្កើតគោលនយោបាយ និងបទអន្តរាគមន៍នានា ជាពិសេសជាមូលដ្ឋានគ្រឹះ ដ៏សំខាន់សម្រាប់ការស្រាវជ្រាវបន្ត។ យោងតាម Singleton (2014) ទស្សនាវដ្ដីស្រាវជ្រាវវិទ្យាសាស្ត្រដំបូងបង្អស់ត្រូវបានបង្កើតឡើងក្នុងឆ្នាំ១៦៦៥ និងមានឈ្មោះថាប្រតិបត្តិការទស្សនវិជ្ជានៃសង្គមរាជានិយម (Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society)។ ទស្សនាវដ្ដីស្រាវជ្រាវនេះ បានបង្កើតឡើងដោយលោក Henry Oldenburg ដែលបម្រើការងារជាលេខាធិការដំបូងបង្អស់របស់សមាគមរាជវង្សអង់គ្លេស (British Royal Society)។ គោលបំណងនៃការបង្កើតទស្សនាវដ្ដីស្រាវជ្រាវដំបូង គឺដើម្បីបង្កើតកំណត់ត្រាជាសាធារណៈសម្រាប់ស្នាដៃ ឬការរួមចំណែករបស់អ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវ ក្នុងការបង្កើតចំណេះដឹងថ្មី និងដើម្បីលើកទឹកចិត្តអ្នកវិទ្យាសាស្ត្រឱ្យធ្វើការទាក់ទងគ្នា ទៅវិញទៅមកដោយផ្ទាល់។ តាមរយៈការផ្តល់តម្លៃជាសាធារណៈដល់ស្នាដៃ ឬការរកឃើញថ្មី ទស្សនាវដ្ដីស្រាវជ្រាវ ជួយលើកទឹកចិត្តអ្នកស្រាវជ្រាវ ឬអ្នកវិទ្យាសាស្ត្រឱ្យចែករំលែកចំណេះដឹងរបស់ខ្លួន ដែលពីមុនពួកគេអាចរក្សាទុកចំណេះដឹងនោះជាការសម្ងាត់ (National Academy of Sciences, 2003)។ ជាការពិត ទស្សនាវដ្ដីស្រាវជ្រាវវិទ្យាសាស្ត្រមានតួនាទីពិសេស និងសំខាន់បំផុត ក្នុងការចូលរួមចំណែកដល់ការផ្សព្វផ្សាយ ថែរក្សា និងបង្កើតចំណេះដឹង។ យោងតាម Creswell (2012) ការស្រាវជ្រាវមានតួនាទីសំខាន់យ៉ាងហោចណាស់ចំនួនបី៖ បង្កើតចំណេះដឹងថ្មី កែលម្អការអនុវត្ត និងផ្តល់ធាតុចូលដល់គោលនយោបាយ។ វត្តមានរបស់ទស្សនាវដ្តីស្រាវជ្រាវវិទ្យាសាស្រ្ត គឺជួយលើកកម្ពស់វប្បធម៌នៃការស្រាវជ្រាវ តាមរយៈការផ្សព្វផ្សាយលទ្ធផលស្រាវជ្រាវ និងការជំរុញសកម្មភាពស្រាវជ្រាវបន្ត។ អត្ថបទវិចារណកថានេះ នឹងពិភាក្សាអំពីតួនាទី របស់ទស្សនាវដ្ដីស្រាវជ្រាវវិទ្យាសាស្ត្រ ក្នុងការលើកកម្ពស់ គុណភាពបង្រៀន ការស្រាវជ្រាវ និងការរៀបចំគោលនយោបាយ ដោយផ្តោតលើការរួមចំណែកដែលមិនអាចខ្វះបានរបស់ទស្សនាវដ្ដីស្រាវជ្រាវក្នុងការលើកកម្ពស់ការស្រាវជ្រាវ និងជំរុញវឌ្ឍនភាពនៃចំណេះដឹង និងសង្គម។
Using Inquiry-Based Learning in the Mathematics Subjects in Grade 3 to Encourage Active Learning
Authors:   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Neang Sovannsereyroth , Nai Chanboremey ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, That Sreynan ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Paov Sreynich ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Loch Chandy ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Moeurn Nary ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Kong Sam Ol ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College
Published: January 2024

Teaching methods play an important role in the teaching-learning process as they help students have the opportunity to build knowledge through active learning and improve their learning outcomes. Based on the experience of the researchers' past internships and teaching practicum, about 70% of the students did not participate actively in class. Students were often inactive during class hours without responding to teachers or expressing themselves. Students often sat quietly, took notes, and did not engage in any activities. Recognizing the significance of an Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL), this study aims to measure its effects on students' active learning, particularly on Grade 3 students’ learning outcomes in mathematics. The analysis of the data from 22 Grade 3 students revealed that the use of IBL motivated students to participate in learning actively in terms of objective identification, lessons, materials, teacher activities, teaching methods, student learning behavior, satisfaction with learning activities, and interests in learning. In addition, IBL seems to improve students’ learning outcomes. The students’ mean scores for the pre-test were 1.88 and 8.47 for the post-test. Thus, using IBL could make students more active learners and help promote their learning outcomes.
Reinforcing Learning by Scoring Homework to Encourage Grade 3 Students to Study to Have a Good Result in Mathematics
Authors:   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Loch Chandy , Paov Sreynich ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, That Sreynan ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Moeurn Nary ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Neang Sovannsereyroth ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Nai Chanboremey ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College, Kong Sam Ol ,   Phnom Penh Teacher Education College
Published: January 2024

Motivating students by scoring homework is essential to students’ learning, as it is a motivating factor in helping students achieve better results. However, teachers’ activities to encourage students to study hard and achieve better results are limited. Therefore, this research aims to observe students' behavior when receiving homework scores that are used in the classroom to motivate them to study. The research method employed a qualitative method, involving two data collection methods, including observation and interviews. A thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Results from the observations showed improvements in the students' behavior and the number of students who did their homework every day for three weeks. Results from the interviewers also showed improvement in the level of scores obtained by the students and their motivation. Therefore, it can be concluded that teachers really play an important role in motivating students in all forms according to the characteristics or types of each student, but the scores are the main motivation source in the classroom that must exist. On the other hand, if there are other forms of encouragement from the school, parents, or those close to the students, it is very beneficial for them.
Érosion dans la Sierra équatorienne : du modèle de développement occidental au modèle biocentrique inspiré du Buen Vivir
Authors: Del Carmen Puiggros Otilia , Charlebois Denis Y.
Published: January 2024

Les sociétés andines précoloniales avaient une vision holistique du monde, intégrant l’humain à la nature environnante. Leur subsistance dépendant de la terre, elles avaient développé une agriculture riche pratiquant des cultures tropicales et tempérées, dont l’alternance et l’organisation spatiale favorisaient la conservation des sols. Ces techniques agricoles élaborées ont subi des transformations au moment de la colonisation espagnole et, par la suite, par l’introduction de réformes agraires qui entraîneront des conséquences importantes telles qu’une érosion progressive des sols de la Sierra. Ainsi, face aux défis posés par la détérioration de la nature et par la vision anthropocentriste du développement capitaliste, associées à un approfondissement des iniquités sociales, les peuples autochtones de l’Équateur proposent un retour à l’équilibre. Plus précisément, ils ont préconisé d’encourager des trajectoires humaines en harmonie avec la Nature, soit le Buen Vivir. En continuité avec cette notion, l’Équateur s’est donné, en 2008, un nouveau cadre légal et politique en faveur des droits sociaux et de ceux de la Nature. Cet article présente une vue d’ensemble de l’agriculture précoloniale, puis aborde les causes et effets de l’érosion des sols. Enfin, il aborde quelques articles de la Constitution de l’Équateur (2008), qui a octroyé des droits inaliénables au bien-être et à la Nature. L’analyse que nous présentons ci-dessous offre un espace de réflexion sur ce paradigme biocentrique, prenant racine dans les cultures locales ancestrales et sur les idéaux modernes du bien commun liés à la soutenabilité environnementale.
De l’indispensable intégration des savoirs climatiques autochtones dans les politiques climatiques en Afrique centrale36
Authors: Bigombe Logo Patrice , Toukéa Dieudonné
Published: January 2024

Les chasseurs-cueilleurs « Pygmées » et les pasteurs nomades « Mbororo » sont deux groupes de peuples autochtones d’Afrique centrale. Depuis des millénaires, ils vivent en harmonie avec la nature. Cette relation fusionnelle avec la nature a contribué à la formation de leurs savoirs sur le fonctionnement des écosystèmes, des milieux naturels et sur le climat. Alors que les savoirs autochtones et locaux sur la nature sont progressivement reconnus dans les instruments internationaux comme la Convention sur la diversité biologique et le Protocole de Nagoya et dans les politiques de développement des États d’Afrique centrale, comme en témoignent de nombreuses études récentes, ceux relatifs au climat tardent à l’être dans les politiques climatiques. Cet article pose ce problème et présente la reconnaissance et l’intégration des savoirs climatiques autochtones dans les politiques climatiques comme une ressource importante pour la lutte contre les changements climatiques en Afrique centrale. Dans la première partie, les auteurs proposent une typologie des savoirs climatiques des chasseurs-cueilleurs « Pygmées » et des pasteurs nomades « Mbororo ». Dans la seconde, ils constatent l’indifférence des politiques climatiques aux savoirs climatiques autochtones et, dans la troisième et dernière partie, ils discutent des approches possibles de leur utilisation dans la lutte contre les changements climatiques en Afrique centrale.
Opéra et théâtre en dialogue. La question de l’appropriation culturelle dans la création opératique contemporaine
Authors: Cochran Zoey M. , Sacco Daniela
Published: January 2024

À partir de l’analyse des défis rencontrés pendant le processus de création d’un opéra en réalité augmentée dans le cadre du projet de recherche-création OpéRA de poche (2021-2022), chapeauté par la Chaire de recherche du Canada en création d’opéra, cet article aborde sous un angle interdisciplinaire la question complexe de l’appropriation culturelle dans la création opératique d’aujourd’hui. Les acquis des études sur le théâtre et la performance suggèrent des pistes de réflexion qui trouvent une application fructueuse dans le contexte de l’opéra. Le rapport entre présence et représentation et la relation interculturelle au coeur de la rencontre qui nourrit des projets de recherche-création sont les deux axes du dialogue qui donne corps à l’article, ouvrant une perspective décoloniale. La réalité artistique du Québec, évoquée à travers les cas de la polémique contre les spectacles SLĀV et Kanata de Robert Lepage et l’exemple du Rabinal Achí d’Ondinnok, constitue ici un horizon à partir duquel considérer les enjeux posés par les nouvelles formes d’expression technologiques dans le domaine de l’opéra.
Une maison dans la main : un opéra en réalité augmentée. Retour sur un processus interdisciplinaire de cocréation
Authors: Beaudin-Quintin Chélanie , Brochet Clémentine , Creusefond Julie , Dufour Thomas , Ripoll Alithéa
Published: January 2024

Cette note de terrain détaille le processus interdisciplinaire mis en place pour la création de l’opéra en réalité augmentée Une maison dans la main. Il s’agit d’une écriture à plusieurs têtes et plusieurs coeurs, entre un librettiste, une compositrice, deux scénographes et deux réalisatrices. Nous y détaillons nos différentes phases de développement, les méthodes et les outils de travail déployés, ainsi que les enjeux de cocréation rencontrés ayant mené à la réalisation d’un prototype tangible. L’oeuvre raconte l’histoire d’un fils et de son père à différents moments de leur vie, dans leur lutte contre cette montée des eaux. La note de terrain raconte une belle réussite de collaboration, de cocréation et d’interdisciplinarité.
Un opéra en xr. Retour d’expérience et leçons de prototypage
Authors: Campeau Emmanuel
Published: January 2024

Cette note de terrain a été rédigée afin de témoigner du chemin parcouru tout au long du processus de création d’un opéra en réalité étendue (xr). L’intention est ici de décliner les différentes étapes du projet, de la préproduction à la postproduction, en expliquant le processus de création du livret, de la musique, de la scénographie et de la mise en scène. Nous y expliquerons tant nos choix esthétiques que les stratégies que nous avons adoptées afin d’en venir à un produit final. Nous en avons tiré plusieurs leçons qui, à notre avis, pourraient servir à ceux et celles qui voudraient tenter, comme nous, un déplacement entre les mondes scénique et virtuel. Il en ressort la nécessité d’une organisation du travail claire, d’une écriture intermédiale efficace, d’un apprentissage technique conséquent et d’une liberté d’ébranler les institutions par des choix non conventionnels.
Notes de terrain. Séminaire opéra 21-22
Authors: Bild Sarah
Published: January 2024

Ces notes reflètent mon parcours et mes questionnements en tant que pédagogue au sein d’un séminaire interdisciplinaire et interfacultaire de création d’opéra et de composition de musique pour la scène à l’Université de Montréal, qui s’est donné entre septembre 2022 et février 2023. Organisé en 15 séances de 3 heures, ce séminaire a servi de tremplin à quatre équipes interdisciplinaires de création pour le développement, en partenariat avec l’Opéra de Montréal, d’un opéra de 5 minutes en réalités augmentée et virtuelle. J’y ai participé en tant qu’artiste du mouvement et chorégraphe, afin d’aider les artistes à intégrer la présence physique dans leur processus de création. Ces notes se veulent un témoignage impressionniste d’un projet ambitieux et innovateur où mon rôle était continuellement à redéfinir face aux nouvelles technologies.
O corpo das mulheres em Chiquinha Gonzaga: entre regularidades, rupturas e discursos de resistência
Authors: Tortola Eliane Regina Crestani
Published: January 2024

Este livro apresenta análises da construção discursiva acerca do corpo das mulheres em obras musicais de Chiquinha Gonzaga e identifica regularidades, rupturas e discursos de resistência resultantes de objetivações do feminino. A imersão em suas obra provoca o retorno ao passado para reatualizar, a partir dos estudos discursivos foucaultianos, o discurso acerca do entendimento do que é ser mulher hoje e de como seu corpo foi e é objetivado em tempos históricos diferentes.
Population analyses reveal heterogenous encoding in the medial prefrontal cortex during naturalistic foraging
Authors: Jeong Ji Hoon , Choi June-Seek
Published: January 2024

Foraging in the wild requires coordinated switching of critical functions, including goal-oriented navigation and context-appropriate action selection. Nevertheless, few studies have examined how different functions are represented in the brain during naturalistic foraging. To address this question, we recorded multiple single-unit activities from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats seeking a sucrose reward in the presence of a robotic predator (Lobsterbot) that posed periodic threats. Simultaneously recorded ensemble activities from 10-24 neurons were analyzed in reference to various behavioral indices as the animal moved freely between the nest (N) and the goal (E) across the foraging (F) area. In the E-zone, the rat initially received and gradually learned to avoid unpredictable attacks by the Lobsterbot. An artificial neural network, trained with simultaneously recorded neural activity, estimated the rat’s current distance from the Lobsterbot. The accuracy of distance estimation was the highest in the middle F-zone in which the dominant behavior was active navigation. The spatial encoding persisted in the N-zone when non-navigational behaviors such as grooming, rearing, and sniffing were excluded. In contrast, the accuracy decreased as the animal approached the E-zone, when the activity of the same neuronal ensembles was more correlated with dynamic decision-making between food procurement and Lobsterbot evasion. A population-wide analysis confirmed a highly heterogeneous encoding by the region. To further assess the decision-related activity in the E-zone, a naïve Bayesian classifier was trained to predict the success and failure of avoidance behavior. The classifier predicted the avoidance outcome as much as 6 s before the head withdrawal. In addition, two sub-populations of recorded units with distinct temporal dynamics contributed differently to the prediction. These findings suggest that the mPFC neurons may adopt at least two modes of heterogenous encoding that reflect the processing of relevant spatial context and the imminent situational challenge.
A Cross-cultural Comparison of ELT Curricula of Senior Secondary Schools in Mainland China and Hong Kong
Authors: Su Xiaoli , Ruisz Dorottya , Zhang Xiao
Published: January 2024

English holds significant importance as a foreign language in Mainland China and Hong Kong, where ongoing curriculum revisions are shaped by economic and sociocultural advancements. Previous research on English Language Teaching (ELT) curriculum comparisons in Asia has frequently overlooked the exploration of underlying sociocultural and socio-political factors that contribute to the observed similarities and differences. Adopting a governmentality Perspective informed by Dean's analytics of government theory, this cross-cultural comparative study investigates the ELT curricula in senior secondary schools in Mainland China and Hong Kong. Through this analysis, the study explores how sociocultural and socio-political factors interact to influence the educational landscapes. By examining the dimensions of problematizations, rationalities, techne, and teleology within the curricula, the research uncovers common challenges, rationales, approaches, and objectives, as well as distinctions arising from the unique sociocultural, political, and economic contexts of Mainland China and Hong Kong. This examination underscores the profound impact of these contextual factors on ELT curriculum design, contributing valuable insights to the cross-cultural discourse. Furthermore, the findings lay the groundwork for future research and policy development in the realm of ELT curricula, emphasizing the need for additional studies employing diverse methods and focusing on the implemented and experienced curriculum in senior secondary schools to provide a comprehensive understanding of English language education in both Mainland China and Hong Kong.
Cyberterrorism as a global threat: a review on repercussions and countermeasures
Authors: Iftikhar Saman
Published: January 2024

An act of cyberterrorism involves using the internet and other forms of information and communication technology to threaten or cause bodily harm to gain political or ideological power through threat or intimidation. Data theft, data manipulation, and disruption of essential services are all forms of cyberattacks. As digital infrastructure becomes more critical and entry barriers for malicious actors decrease, cyberterrorism has become a growing concern. Detecting, responding, and preventing this crime presents unique challenges for law enforcement and governments, which require a multifaceted approach. Cyberterrorism can have devastating effects on a wide range of people and organizations. A country’s reputation and stability can be damaged, financial losses can occur, and in some cases, even lives can be lost. As a result of cyberattacks, critical infrastructure, such as power grids, hospitals, and transportation systems, can also be disrupted, leading to widespread disruptions and distress. The past ten years have seen several cyber-attacks around the globe including WannaCry attack (2017), Yahoo data breaches (2013–2014), OPM data breach (2015), SolarWinds supply chain attack (2020) etc. This study covers some of the cyberterrorism events that have happened in the past ten years, their target countries, their devastating effects, their impacts on nation’s economy, political instability, and measures adopted to counter them over the passage of time. Our survey-based research on cyberterrorism will complement existing literature by providing valuable empirical data, understanding of perceptions and awareness, and insights into targeted populations. It can contribute to the development of better measurement tools, strategies, and policies for countering cyberterrorism.
Online shopping consumer perception analysis and future network security service technology using logistic regression model
Authors: Lu Feng
Published: January 2024

In order to understand consumer perception, reduce risks in online shopping, and maintain online security, this study employs data envelopment analysis (DEA) to confirm the relationship between evaluation and stimuli. It establishes a model of stimuli-organism response and uses regression analysis to explore the relationships among negative online shopping evaluations, consumer perception of risk, and consumer behavior. This study employs attribution theory to analyze the impact of evaluations on consumer behavior and assesses the role of perceived risk as a mediator. The independent variable is negative comments, the dependent variable is consumer behavior, and logistic regression is used to empirically analyze the factors influencing online shopping security. The results indicate a positive correlation between the number of negative comments and consumers’ delayed purchase behavior, with a correlation coefficient of 41%. The intensity of negative comments significantly impacts consumers’ refusal to make a purchase, with a correlation coefficient of 38%. The length of negative comments substantially influences consumers’ opposition to purchasing, also with a correlation coefficient of 38%. There is a close relationship between perceived risk and consumers’ delayed shopping behavior and the number of negative comments, with 41% and 4% correlation coefficients, respectively. Perceived risk has a relatively smaller impact on consumers’ opposition to purchase behavior, with a correlation coefficient of 27%. The length, intensity, and number of negative comments are correlated with consumers’ opposition, refusal, and delayed consumption, negatively affecting consumer intent. Additionally, negative comments are related to perceived risk and consumer behavior. Perceived risk causally influences consumer behavior, while the convenience of shopping has a relatively minor impact on online shopping security. Factors like delivery speed, buyer reviews, brand, price, and consumer perception are significantly related to online shopping security. Consumer perception has the most significant impact on online shopping security, balancing secure and fast consumption under the guarantee of user experience. Strengthening consumer perception enhances consumers’ ability to process risk information, helping them better identify risks and avoid using hazardous network software, tools, or technologies, thereby reducing potential online security risks.