bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel sustainable industrial processes: from idea to commercial scale implementation
Authors: Harmsen Jan
Published: June 2014

This article summarizes the consensus on sustainable development, shows industrial cases and provides key guidelines to transfer ideas into commercial scale processes. The triple P sustainable development concept has reached global industrial consensus and has gained importance in the making of business policies and practical implementations. Obtaining a sustainable process means then that it provides a need, is socially accepted, does no environmental harm and makes a profit. Industrial cases show that this is possible. An innovative way of obtaining sustainable solutions is by industrial symbiosis, in which very different partners such as a local government, a technology provider, a water board and a chemical company co-operate with regards to a new solution; turning a waste stream into a feed stream. Open innovation is generally a good way to obtain radical novel solutions cost-effectively. Guidelines for entering open innovation projects are provided. A technology readiness level (TRL) assessment method for process innovation with academic groups is also provided. Guidelines for effective and efficient innovation from research to commercial scale implementation, based on stage-gate innovation pathway funnel, are provided. Finally, a novel method for process concept design based on essential functions and essential inputs and outputs only, is provided.
Characteristics of hand sanitizer ingestions by adolescents reported to poison centers
Authors: Forrester Mathias B.
Published: June 2014

Background: There had been reports of adolescents using hand sanitizers to obtain alcohol and ending up in emergency departments with alcohol poisoning.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the pattern of adolescent ingestions of hand sanitizers reported to a statewide poison center system.

Subjects: Our study subjects included patients aged 13–19 years who reported hand sanitizer ingestions as reported to Texas poison centers during 2000–2013.

Materials and methods: The distribution of the ingestions was determined for various demographic and clinical factors.

Results: Of 385 total cases, 61% of the patients were male, and the mean age was 15.3 years. The ingestion reason was unintentional (61%), intentional abuse/misuse (18%), and malicious (10%). Ingestion site was most frequently reported to be the patient’s own residence (53%), followed by school (35%). About 77% of the patients were managed on site. The medical outcome was serious (moderate effect or unable to follow-potentially toxic) in 5% of the cases. The most frequently reported adverse clinical effects were vomiting (5%), abdominal pain (4%), nausea (4%), throat irritation (4%), and drowsiness (2%).

Conclusion: Adolescents who ingested hand sanitizers were more likely to be male and younger. One-third of the ingestions occurred at school, suggesting that school personnel might be made aware of the potential problem of hand sanitizer ingestions by adolescents. Nevertheless, despite the potential for serious outcomes from adolescent hand sanitizer ingestion, most of the ingestions reported to poison centers are not likely to be serious and can be successfully managed outside of a healthcare facility.
Empowerment and Mentoring in Nursing Academia
Authors: Singh Mina D. , Pilkington F. Beryl , Patrick Linda
Published: June 2014

In 2011, there was an expected shortage of 200 full-time faculty. While there are an estimated 322 graduate students in Nurse Practitioner and Masters/PhD programs in Canada today, the supply of potential new faculty falls short of the anticipated demand in the years ahead (Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing). This mixed method study explored how organizational culture and the perceived level of psychological and structural empowerment are associated with one’s work environment among Canadian nursing faculty and to explore the state of mentorship in schools of nursing.
The presence of minority languages in linguistic landscapes in Amsterdam and Friesland (the Netherlands)
Authors: Edelman Loulou
Published: June 2014

This article describes an investigation of linguistic landscapes in the Netherlands. By means of a detailed quantitative analysis, it explores the extent to which the linguistic landscape reflects the languages spoken by the speech community. The study took place in both the capital city of Amsterdam, which has many immigrants and foreign tourists, and in the province of Friesland, which is home to a Frisian-speaking minority. The main finding is that in the linguistic landscape in both field sites, Dutch and English prevail, whereas minority languages have a limited presence. Differences in the ethnolinguistic composition of Amsterdam and Friesland's populations are partly reflected in differences between the linguistic landscapes.
630 kilometres by bicycle: observations of English in urban and rural Finland
Authors: Laitinen Mikko
Published: June 2014

This article discusses selected observations of English usage in signage in Finland, a Nordic nation in which the significance of English has become more pronounced in recent decades. The background for this study comes from a large quantitative survey, carried out in 2007, charting the role of English in the Finnish society. One of the topic areas in this survey deals with people's encounters with English and its visibility in their daily life, and this article aims to add a qualitative angle to these results. The observations discussed here were collected in 2009 during a six-day bicycle trip from Helsinki to the regional centre of Oulu. The analysis moves from mere quantitative recording of signs to a more nuanced analysis of interpretations of their situated meanings in public spaces. These observations show that the presence of English in both urban and rural areas of the country is far from a simple phenomenon, and illustrate how charting signs in space provide valuable information on language contact situations.
Tallinn: monolingual from above and multilingual from below
Authors: Zabrodskaja Anastassia
Published: June 2014

This article presents a microanalysis of multilingual signs collected in Tallinn, a city composed of approximately 50% Estonian speakers and 50% Russian speakers. The data reveal that despite the official language policy promoting Estonian as the dominant language, “multilingualism from below” is widespread. The graphic representation of languages in multilingual texts sometimes involves creative forms constructed from the combination of the Estonian and Russian languages or the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets (“script-switching” or “script-mixing”). Caught between the requirements of a Language Act that promotes Estonian as the country's official language and the real-life multilingual situation, businesses try to balance the official policy and desire of Estonian-speakers with a wish to attract the attention of local Russians and tourists towards their services and goods. This ethnographic study of the Tallinn linguistic landscape is supplemented by qualitative data regarding the perceptions of Russian- and Estonian-speaking students. Individual interviews provided information about how speakers with different mother tongues and linguistic backgrounds perceive Estonian-Russian signs. Estonian students show rather negative reactions to the presence of multilingual signs and bilingual wordplay, whereas Russian-speaking students express mainly positive responses to the Russian-Estonian hybrid signs.
Sexed signs – queering the scenery
Authors: Milani Tommaso M.
Published: June 2014

The main argument of this article is that Linguistic Landscape (LL) scholarship has largely ignored – erased even – gender and sexuality, two important axes of power along which public spaces are structured, understood, negotiated and contested. In order to partly redress this academic oversight, this article investigates a small data set of banal sexed signs, mundane semiotic aggregates, which, precisely because of their fleeting and unassuming character, can easily be ignored, but nonetheless “(in)form our understandings and experiences of [gender,] sexuality and subjectivity” (Sullivan 2003: 190). In doing so, the article also argues for the importance of incorporating queer theory into the analytical apparatus of Linguistic Landscape research, because it provides us with a valuable theoretical lens through which to unveil the operations of power in relation to gender and sexuality (and other social categories) in public space.
Eliciting Security Requirements from the Business Processes Using Security Risk-Oriented Patterns
Authors: Matulevičius Raimundas , Ahmed Naved
Published: June 2014

Although importance of aligning modelling of business processes
and security is growing, there is rather limited research
performed on elicitation of security requirements from the
business processes. In this paper we discuss how security
risk-oriented patterns could help solving the above problem. Using
the illustrative example, we present a two-step method for (i)
pattern occurrence discovery in, and (ii) for security
requirements definition from the business process model. We hope
that our proposal could help elicit security requirements at the
early system development stages, however, we still need to
validate it empirically.
Privacy Analysis of User Behavior Using Alignments
Authors: Adriansyah Arya , van Dongen Boudewijn F. , Zannone Nicola
Published: June 2014

Privacy is becoming a urgent issue in information systems
nowadays because of the stringent requirements imposed by data
protection regulations. Traditional security approaches based on
access control and authorization are not adequate to address these
requirements. The underlying fundamental problem is that those
approaches are preventive and thus they are not able to deal with
exceptions. In this paper, we present a practical privacy
framework that shifts the problem of preventing infringements into
a problem of detecting infringements. The framework is based on
systematic log auditing, use of patterns and privacy metrics to
detect and quantify infringements.
A Case Against Taxes and Quotas on High-Skill Emigration
Authors: Clemens Michael A.
Published: June 2014

Skilled workers have a rising tendency to emigrate from developing countries, raising fears that their departure harms the poor. To mitigate such harm, researchers have proposed a variety of policies designed to tax or restrict high-skill migration. Those policies have been justified as Pigovian regulations to raise efficiency by internalizing externalities, and as non-Pigovian regulations grounded in equity or ethics. This paper challenges both sets of justifications, arguing that Pigovian regulations on skilled emigration are inefficient and non-Pigovian regulations are inequitable and unethical. It concludes by discussing a different class of policy intervention that, in contrast, has the potential to raise welfare.
Peripartum cardiomyopathy – risk factors, characteristics and long-term follow-up
Authors: Shani Hagit , Kuperstein Rafael , Berlin Alla , Arad Michael , Goldenberg Ilan , Simchen Michal J.
Published: June 2014

Aims: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is an infrequent form of cardiomyopathy causing significant maternal morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the risk factors, characteristics and prognosis of PPCM during the index and subsequent pregnancies.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 36 women with PPCM in a tertiary medical center was analyzed and compared with 10,370 women who gave birth during a single calendar year at the same institution.

Results: Women diagnosed with PPCM were older (mean 33.5 years) than controls. A significantly higher proportion were primiparous (63.9%), carried multifetal pregnancies (33.3%) and had hypertensive pregnancy complications (38.9%). Thirty-six percent of PPCM patients conceived with in vitro fertilization, and six of them received ovum donation. Twenty-two women had severe left ventricular dysfunction at diagnosis, and these women tended to remain with residual disease, compared with women with milder ventricular dysfunction at diagnosis. Eight patients recovered completely within 2 weeks of diagnosis. Women who recovered early (n=8) had significantly higher ejection fractions on last follow-up compared with women (n=28) who had late or partial recovery. Nine women had 14 additional pregnancies; of them eight women had normal cardiac functions on subsequent pregnancy.

Conclusions: Risk factors for peripartum cardiomyopathy include primiparity, hypertension and multifetal pregnancies. Assisted reproduction techniques are not independently associated with PPCM but rather through other risk factors for PPCM. The degree of cardiac dysfunction at diagnosis and time to recovery are important prognostic factors.
Crystal structure of trans-bis(nitrato-κO)bis(4-phenylpyridine-κN)palladium( II), Pd(NO3)2(C11H9N)2, C22H18N4O6Pd
Authors: Ha Kwang
Published: June 2014

C22H18N4O6Pd, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 20.336(3) Å, b = 8.424(1) Å, c = 15.024(2) Å, β = 127.673(2)°, V = 2037.0 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0188, wRref(F2) = 0.0526, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of trans-dibromido-bis(4-phenylpyridine-κN)palladium( II), PdBr2(C11H9N)2, C22H18Br2N2Pd
Authors: Ha Kwang
Published: June 2014

C22H18Br2N2Pd, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 9.300(2) Å, b = 24.249(4) Å, c = 8.945(2) Å, β = 99.225(4)°, V = 1991.0 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0332, wRref(F2) = 0.0825, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of 1-(thiazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-2-yl)hydrazine, C6H6N4S
Authors: Ren Yun-Lai , Wang Qian , Wang Wei-Min , Jin Chao-Xi
Published: June 2014

C6H6N4S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 3.885(2) Å, b = 13.423(8) Å, c = 13.634(8) Å, β = 98.017(6)°, V = 704.1 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0376, wRref(F2) = 0.1127, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of [(3-carboxyl-1-(4-carboxylphenylmethylene)-2- oxidopyrinium-κ2O1,O2)chloride(pyrazino[2,3-f]-[1,10]phenanthroline- κ2N1,N2)copper], [Cu(C14H10NO5)Cl(C14H8N4)], C28H18ClCuN5O5
Authors: Li Sha-Sha , Wang Yuan-Rui , Sun Lin-Ping , Li Ya-Feng , Qiao Qian
Published: June 2014

C28H18ClCuN5O5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.9225(1) Å, b = 8.2861(1) Å, c = 24.5789(3) Å, β = 91.619(1)°, V = 2427.2 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0477, wRref(F2) = 0.1358, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of N-(2-nitrophenyl)-2-(propan-2-ylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide, C10H12N4O2S
Authors: Ma Li , Li Zhong-Feng , Cao Sheng-Li
Published: June 2014

C10H12N4O2S, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 32.331(6) Å, b = 4.603(1) Å, c = 16.254(3) Å, β = 101.14(2)°, V = 2373.1 Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0712, wRref(F2) = 0.1756, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of di-μ2-chlorido-dichlorido-bis[(2-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)- pyridine-κ2N,N’)dicopper(II)], C16H12Cl4Cu2N6
Authors: Yi Qiao-Hua , Jiang Feng , Zhang Xiao , Zeng Kai , Edelmann Frank T. , Zhang Jian-Feng
Published: June 2014

C
Crystal structure of 8,10-diiodo-3-(iodomethyl)-2,3-dihydro-[1,4]oxazino- [2,3,4-ij]quinolin-4-ium triiodide, [C12H9I3NO]·I3, C12H9I6NO
Authors: Batalov Vladimir I. , Dikhtiarenko Alla , Yushina Irina D. , Bartashevich Ekaterina V. , Kim Dimitri G. , García-Granda Santiago
Published: June 2014

C
Crystal structure of 6-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-methylindoline-2,3-dione, C15H10CINO3
Authors: Quanliang Li , Jun Chen , Yubin Xu , Jianlong Wang
Published: June 2014

C
On fractional derivatives of the local time of a symmetric stable
process as a doubly indexed process
Authors: Ait Ouahra Mohamed , Kissami Abdelghani , Ouahhabi Hanae
Published: June 2014

In this paper we prove two main results. The first one is to prove
the regularity of fractional derivatives of local time of symmetric stable
process with index

1
<
β
≤
2

$1<\beta \le 2$

. Our result is similar to that of Marcus
and Rosen in 1992 for local time. The second result is to give
a (p,q)-variation of fractional derivatives of local time of
symmetric stable process with index

1
<
β
≤
2

$1<\beta \le 2$

. Our approach is similar
to that of Eisenbaum in 2000 for local time.
Properties of PVA-reinforced cement-bonded fiberboards processed with calender extrusion
Authors: Pekmezci Bekir Y.
Published: June 2014

This research investigates the application of calender extrusion as a novel technique in the production of cement fiberboards. The technique is successfully used in the production of non-structural building elements. The properties of the produced composites are discussed in this paper, particularly with regards the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber used in the study. The research involves an experiment to examine the mechanical properties and microstructure of the composites, and the results indicate that calender extrusion is a promising method for the production of thin and wide cement composites. These products can be shaped into various three-dimensional forms in the green state after processing. Based on the results, the mechanical properties of cement-bonded fiberboards vary with processing direction due to the alignment of fibers. Fiber content is the most significant factor with regards the tensile and flexural properties of fiber-reinforced cementitious products processed with calender extrusion. Moreover, processed composites have adequate screw head pull-through and freeze-thaw resistance.
Non-parametric estimation of copula parameters: testing for time-varying correlation
Authors: Gong Jinguo , Wu Weiou , McMillan David , Shi Daimin
Published: June 2014

The correlation structure of financial assets is a key input with regard to portfolio and risk management. In this paper, we propose a non-parametric estimation method for the time-varying copula parameter. This is achieved in two steps: first, displaying the marginal distributions of financial asset returns by applying the empirical distribution function; second, by implementing the local likelihood method to estimate the copula parameters. The method for obtaining the optimal bandwidth through a maximum pseudo likelihood function and a statistical test on whether the copula parameter is time-varying are also introduced. A simulation study is conducted to show that our method is superior to its contender. Finally, we verify the proposed estimation methodology and time-varying statistical test by analysing the dynamic linkages between the Shanghai, Shenzhen and Hong Kong stock markets.
Analyse der räumlichen Verlustleistungsdichteverteilung bei der bipolaren Elektrochirurgie
Authors: Knopf Christoph , Himmel Jörg , Rübesam Markus , Klöckner Stephan , Kanoun Olfa
Published: June 2014

Die transurethrale Resektion der Prostata (TUR-P) ist der Gold Standard für die endoskopisch-chirurgische Behandlung der Benignen Prostatahyperplasie (BPH). Unbekannt ist jedoch, ob bei der bipolaren TUR-P die Möglichkeit von elektrothermischen Verletzung von benachbartem nichtopertiertem Gewebe besteht. Grund hierfür könnten höhere Ausgangsleistungen der Chirurgie-Generatoren sein. Deshalb werden experimentell gemessene Werte der räumlichen Verlustleistungsdichte um ein bipolares Resektoskop als Quellterm für die Berechnung der Temperaturänderung im operationsnahen Gewebe verwendet. Die Temperaturberechnung basiert auf der numerischen Lösung der Wärmeleitungsgleichung nach Penne. Für die gewählten Randbedingungen und Eingabeparameter sind keine signifikanten Temperaturerhöhungen im Berechnungsgebiet am proximalen Ende des Resektoskop-Schaftes festzustellen. Um ein umfassendes Verständnis zu gewinnen sollen weiterführende Untersuchungen mit einer Variation der Randbedingungen und Eingabeparameter durchgeführt werden.
Portable Bioimpedance Spectrometer for Total Frequency Range of β-Dispersion
Authors: Bouchaala Dhouha , Kanoun Olfa , Derbel Nabil
Published: June 2014

Portable bioimpedance measurement devices afford important solutions for providing measurement information non-invasively about patients' health in both clinical and home environments. In this work a portable bioimpedance spectrometer was developed for measurements in the frequency range between 1 kHz and 1 MHz in order to record the
First Measurement of Signal Changes Induced by Ionizing Radiation in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Rausch Markus , Schyboll Felix , Neeb Heiko
Published: June 2014

There is an increasing tendency towards the use of combined MR/PET scanners and combined MR-Linac (Linear accelerator) systems in both clinical and research settings. The current work therefore investigated the effects of ionising radiation on the acquired MR signal, both experimentally and using a simple theoretical model. We have observed a phase signal change in the radiated area inside a water phantom. However, the theoretical basis of this observation is not fully covered by the employed model and needs further research.
Antecedent contained deletion in the domain of a raised object
Authors: Tanaka Hidekazu
Published: June 2014

When a verb takes two complements, the first complement, typically an accusative object, c-commands the second complement, and the second complement can host a relative clause containing antecedent contained deletion (ACD). This simple fact, which, upon careful considerations, reveals that English accusative objects raise to a higher position than previously thought. The theoretical claim is that objects raise to check Case to the outer vP-spec. We argue that the v consists of two separate heads, the higher v
Die Michaschrift und Israels Exil in Juda
Authors: Schütte Wolfgang
Published: June 2014

Mi 1–3 (without 2,12 f.); 6,1–7, 7 can be understood as a literary product of the beginning of the seventh century B.C. Tradents of the book of Hosea-Amos from the northern kingdom of Israel, who lived as refugees in Judah, combined words of their countryman Micah with their own religious ideas.

Michée 1–3 (sans 2,12s.); 6,1–7, 7 peut être compris comme une production littéraire du début du 7

Mi 1–3 (ohne 2,12 f.); 6,1–7, 7 lässt sich als ein literarisches Produkt des beginnenden 7. Jh. v. Chr. verstehen. Israelitische Tradenten der Hosea- und Amosschrift, die als Flüchtlinge in Juda lebten, verbanden Worte ihres Landsmannes Micha mit eigenen religiösen Gedanken.
Escaping from the Standard Story
Authors: Pfaff John F.
Published: June 2014

Whether as a result of low crime rates, the financial pressures of the 2008 credit crunch, or other factors, policymakers on both sides of the aisle are trying to rein or even reduce the US incarceration rate after an unprecedented forty-year expansion. Unfortunately, reforms are hampered by the fact that we do not have a solid empirical understanding of what caused the explosion in the first place. In fact, the “Standard Story” of prison growth generally overemphasizes less important factors and overlooks more important ones. This essay thus does two things. First, it points out the flaws in five key aspects of the Standard Story: its argument that the War on Drugs is of central importance, that trends in violent and property crimes are relatively unimportant, that longer sentence lengths drive growth, that the “criminal justice system” is a fairly coherent entity advancing specific goals, and that the “politics of crime control” is uniquely dysfunctional. And second, it argues that an increased willingness of the part of prosecutors to file charges—a causal factor almost completely overlooked by the Standard Story—is likely the most important force behind prison growth, at least for the past two decades.
The Making of Islamic Political Tradition in the Malay World
Authors: Burhanudin Jajat
Published: June 2014

With regard to the word "Islamic" in the title of this study, "The Making of the Islamic Political Tradition", it might be significant to take the above quotation into consideration. In the Malay tradition, what the people say about themselves seems to support the argument which is revealed in the sentences quoted. One of the most well-known Malay proverbs runs as follows: "to convert to Islam is to become a Malay". This proverb obviously expresses the feelings of the Malay people who identify themselves with Islam. Islam is acknowledged as having constituted a significant part of Malay society; Islam is regarded as the source of its cultural identity. Thus, if what is conceived of as being Islamic as such is accepted, perhaps there is no reason to wonder how "Islamic" Malay society is; and there is a solid validation for taking the sentence quoted as the argument for this study.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v8i2.687
Networks of the Ulama in the Haramayn: Connections in the Indian Ocean Region
Authors: Azra Azyumardi
Published: June 2014

The involvement of the ulama of the Indian Ocean region took at least two forms. Firstly, through their travelling or migrating to the Holy Cities of Mecca and Medina (the Haramayn). The author found that a great number of ulama and students from the Indian Ocean region came to and later settled in the Holy Cities to study and teach. Secondly, students who felt that they possessed sufficient knowledge returned to their place of origin in the Indian Ocean region, teaching and forming networks of ulama and students in their own area. As a consequence, through these two methods, there appeared a complex criss-crossing of networks of ulama in the Indian Ocean region and other areas of the Muslim world.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v8i2.689
The Festivity of Maulid Nabi in Cikoang, South Sulawesi: Between Remembering and Exaggerating the Sprit of the Prophet
Authors: Sila Muhammad Adlin
Published: June 2014

This article traces the problems of religious distinctiveness in a stratified community in the village of Cikoang on the south coast of South Sulawesi. With a population of approximately in most respects a typical Makassarese village (Source: Cikoang Dalam Angka 1994) The inhabitants calim to be Shafi'i Muslims (a school of Islamic Law within the Sunni branch of Islam), and have altogether a similar historical tradition.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v8i3.680
Shaikh daud of Sunur: Conflict between Reformists and the Shaṭṭārīyah Sufi Order in Rantau Pariaman in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Suryadi Suryadi
Published: June 2014

In the first half of the 19th Century, there once lived an ulama (religious leader) on the west coast of Minangkabau (modern day West Sumatra), named Shaikh Daud (not to be confused with Shaikh Daud Al-Fattani from Pattani, southern Thailand). But many people do not yet know about this man. With the axpectation of Hamka (1967:34), researchers who have studied Islam in West Sumatra have almost never mentioned his name. Hamka only mentions him briefly, saying that Shaikh Daud is one of the ulama from the west coast of Minangkabau who left his birthplace rather than stay to watch the increasing power of the Dutch in his native land.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v8i3.681
Bain al-Daulah wa al-Dîn: Ma'sâh al-Jamâ'ât al-Mutatarrifah fî 'Asr al-Hukm al-Jadîd (Orde Baru)
Authors: Syukur Abdul
Published: June 2014

In the Indonesian context, the discourse regarding the relationship between religion and state is always coloured by the struggle between groups that wants to implement Shari'ah (Islamic Law) as the state ideology on the one hand, and nationalist groups that resist it on the other.The appearance from time to time of Islamic groups in Indonesia that want to implement Shari'ah as the state ideology is understandable given that the majority of the community are Muslims. The deliberation on the form and instituation around Shari'ah in Indonesia is generally set in the context of the choosing the best system of governance.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v8i3.683
Nursing Perspectives: Transforming NICU Culture: The Power of Meaningful Recognition
Authors: Lefton Cindy
Published: June 2014

Amazing care delivery happens in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) around the globe, 24/7. As you are reading this abstract, thousands of acts involving extraordinary nursing have occurred in NICUs (babies have been held by their parents for the first time, parents have been comforted and given hope for their child’s future, a few extra milliliters of a tube feeding were tolerated, and children were successfully weaned off ventilators). Behind each of these amazing acts are nurses who come together not only to deliver clinical excellence but also to create a NICU culture that turns fear and uncertainty into hope and optimism. Derived from the collective behaviors of staff, the culture of a NICU can also be influenced and shaped by recognizing the contributions nurses make every day. Research involving The DAISY Award (an acronym for “diseases attacking the immune system”), which recognizes nurses in a meaningful way for their extraordinary contributions, found that this type of acknowledgment benefits individuals, units, and organizations. This article explores the impact meaningful recognition can have on the NICU culture and how this type of feedback can be used to sustain healthy work environments.
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Neonates: An Update
Authors: Garland Jeffery S.
Published: June 2014

Health-care–associated infections affect neonatal morbidity and mortality, as well as length of stay and hospital costs. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) accounts for 6.8% to 32.2% of these infections. Low birthweight, duration of mechanical ventilation, opiate treatment for sedation, frequent suctioning, and reintubation have all been shown to increase the risk of VAP. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms that originate from endogenous or exogenous sources are responsible for VAP. Accurately diagnosing VAP in neonates is challenging because procedures such as tracheal aspirate culture and Gram-stain have low sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value. Although several authors have shown that bronchial aspirates through nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage improve diagnostic accuracy, further studies are needed to investigate the diagnostic value and safety profile of these procedures. Very few randomized trials have been conducted in neonates to evaluate methods to prevent VAP, and thus most neonatal VAP prevention recommendations are based on adult trials. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of VAP and touches on a number of practical steps to prevent VAP in neonates.
Understanding and Addressing the Lack of Clinical Trial Enrollment Among Adolescents With Cancer
Authors: Tai Eric , Buchanan Natasha , Eliman Dena , Westervelt Lauren , Beaupin Lynda , Lawvere Silvana , Bleyer Archie
Published: June 2014

Despite overall improvement in survival, morbidity, and quality of life of US patients with cancer, this progress is less prevalent in the population of adolescent and young adult patients with cancer, including those between the ages of 15 and 19 years. Evidence suggests that participation in clinical trials is associated with better survival outcomes among children and adolescents with cancer; however, adolescents have lower clinical trial participation rates compared with younger age cohorts. To better understand the unique concerns among adolescent patients with cancer, the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened a workgroup of researchers and health care providers in the field of adolescent and young adult oncology and cancer survivorship to examine the barriers and challenges limiting the participation of adolescents in clinical trials and to define ways to improve upon these concerns. This article summarizes the activities of the workgroup and their suggestions for enhanced accrual.
Influencing Referral of Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer to Sites With Higher Rates of Trial Enrollment
Authors: Albritton Karen H. , Coccia Peter
Published: June 2014

Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) have lower rates of clinical trial enrollment than younger or older patients with cancer. Multiple approaches to change policy and practice need to be used to improve this statistic. This article examines the option of increasing referral to 3 types of centers that are known to have relatively higher rates of enrollment of AYAs: pediatric cancer centers, AYA oncology programs, and National Cancer Institute–designated cancer centers. There are reasonable challenges to changing referral patterns, and more research, as well as education of those diagnosing AYAs, is required.
Increasing the Number of Clinical Trials Available to Adolescents Diagnosed With Cancer
Authors: Gupta Abha A. , Indelicato Daniel J.
Published: June 2014

Improving access to clinical trials for adolescents with cancer remains an important issue for pediatric health care providers. In this brief report, we highlight barriers to increasing the number of clinical trials as a mechanism for addressing this problem. The challenges discussed include: (1) engaging stakeholders to increase funding; (2) increasing cooperation between clinical trial cooperative groups; and (3) permitting delivery of novel drugs to postpubertal adolescents, in the absence of formal pediatric Phase I evaluation.
Psychosocial Barriers and Facilitators to Clinical Trial Enrollment and Adherence for Adolescents With Cancer
Authors: Buchanan Natasha D. , Block Rebecca , Smith Ashley Wilder , Tai Eric
Published: June 2014

Adolescents (aged 15–19 years) have not experienced the same survival gains as children and older adults diagnosed with cancer. Poor clinical trial enrollment and adherence rates among adolescents may account for some of this disparity. Although biological, regulatory, systemic, and practice-related challenges to clinical trial enrollment and adherence have been examined, studies of psychosocial factors, which can serve as barriers or facilitators to enrollment and adherence, are limited. To bring attention to these psychological factors, we reviewed existing literature on psychosocial barriers and facilitators that can affect an adolescent’s decision to enroll and adhere to a clinical trial. We also provide potential strategies to address psychosocial factors affecting clinical trial accrual and adherence.
Percolation and Electrical Conductivity Modeling of Novel Microstructured Insulator-Conductor Nanocomposites Fabricated from PMMA and ATO
Authors: Jin Youngho , Gerhardt Rosario A.
Published: June 2014

The electrical conductivity of insulating polymer matrix composites undergoes radical increase at a certain concentration of conductive filler, which is known as the percolation threshold. Polymer matrix conductive nanocomposites were fabricated by compression molding the mechanically mixed poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and antimony tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles, as has been done with other polymer composites before. The electrical conductivity of PMMA/ATO nanocomposites increased by several orders of magnitude at a small concentration of ATO (∼ 0.27 vol %). The continuous 3D network like distribution of ATO nanoparticles contributed to this percolation at subcritical filler concentrations. The effects of processing parameters on these unique microstructures and electrical properties were investigated. The tetrakaidecahedron-like microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and was found to be affected by the molding pressure, temperature and amount of nanoparticles. The viscoelastic flow of matrix under the optimum processing conditions allowed the shape transformation of PMMA into space filling polyhedra and an ordered distribution of ATO nanoparticles along the sharp edges of the PMMA. Parametric finite element analysis was performed to model this unique microstructure-driven percolation. The 2D simplified model was generated in AC/DC frequency domain mode in COMSOL Multiphysics®to solve the effects of ordered distribution of conductive nanoparticles on the electrical properties of the composite. There was excellent agreement between experimental and simulated values of electrical conductivity and percolation concentration. This model can be used to predict percolation threshold and electrical properties for any types of composite systems containing insulating matrix and conductive fillers that can form this unique microstructure.
Apoio social e prática de atividade física em adolescentes da rede pública de ensino: qual a importância da família e dos amigos?
Authors: Prado Crisley Vanessa , Lima Alex Vieira , Fermino Rogério César , Añez Ciro Romelio Rodriguez , Reis Rodrigo Siqueira
Published: June 2014

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação entre diferentes tipos e fontes de apoio social com a prática de atividade física exercida de adolescentes de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. Um inquérito de base escolar foi realizado com amostra representativa de adolescentes da rede pública de ensino (n = 1.469). Modelos de regressão múltipla foram utilizados para testar a associação entre a frequência semanal de apoio social recebido da família e dos amigos com a prática de atividade física. Entre os meninos, a companhia frequente da família (RP: 2,88; IC95%: 2,00-4,13) e a dos amigos (RP: 5,46; IC95%: 2,33-12,78), além do reforço positivo destes (RP: 1,81; IC95%: 1,18-2,77), apresentaram associação positiva com a atividade física. O convite esporádico da família apresentou associação negativa (RP: 0,66; IC95%: 0,46-1,14). Para as meninas, a companhia frequente da família (RP: 3,39; IC95%: 1,49-7,69) e a dos amigos (RP: 4,06; IC95%: 2,22-7,45) aumentam a probabilidade da realização de atividade física. Conclui-se que a companhia dos amigos é o tipo de apoio social mais importante para a prática de atividade física de adolescentes.
Desenvolvimento da capacidade avaliativa na gestão da atenção básica: um estudo de caso exemplar em Santa Catarina, Brasil, de 2008 a 2011
Authors: Nickel Daniela Alba , Calvo Maria Cristina Marino , Natal Sonia , Freitas Sérgio Fernando Torres de , Hartz Zulmira Maria de Araújo
Published: June 2014

O artigo analisa o desenvolvimento da capacidade avaliativa em um caso exemplar de uma Secretaria de Estado da Saúde (SES) participante do Projeto de Fortalecimento da Capacidade Técnica das Secretarias Estaduais de Saúde em Monitoramento e Avaliação da Atenção Básica. Estudo de caso de abordagem mista, com informações provenientes de documentos, entrevistas semiestruturadas e da avaliação da atenção básica realizada pela SES no período de 2008-2011. Empregou-se a análise de processos para identificar os eventos lógicos que contribuíram para o desenvolvimento da capacidade avaliativa, com duas categorias: eventos de construção da capacidade avaliativa e eventos de construção de estrutura organizacional. A pactuação em instâncias deliberativas para a continuidade da avaliação, a coleta e análise dos dados realizada pela SES, a iniciativa de mudança de indicadores e reestruturação da matriz avaliativa e a comunicação dos resultados aos municípios formaram a cadeia lógica de eventos. A análise triangulada demonstrou que o objetivo de desenvolver a capacidade avaliativa foi alcançado.
Movilidad, accidentalidad por tránsito y sus factores asociados en estudiantes universitarios de Guatemala
Authors: Rodríguez-Guzmán Sandra , Jiménez-Mejías Eladio , Martínez-Ruiz Virginia , Lupiáñez-Tapia Fernando , Lardelli-Claret Pablo , Jiménez-Moleón José Juan
Published: June 2014

El objetivo fue identificar y cuantificar la asociación entre la intensidad de exposición (km/año recorridos), la accidentalidad y sus factores asociados en universitarios de Guatemala. Se realizó un estudio trasversal durante el curso 2010-2011, sobre una muestra de 1.016 conductores, quienes cumplimentaron un cuestionario autoadministrado que valoraba: patrones de movilidad, uso de dispositivos de seguridad, estilos de conducción y accidentalidad. Se obtuvieron asociaciones positivas entre la intensidad de exposición y la mayor implicación en circunstancias de riesgo al volante (coeficiente de regresión ajustado de 3,25, IC95%: 2,23-4,27, para las mayores exposiciones). Tanto una mayor implicación en tales circunstancias, como una mayor edad, fueron las variables más fuertemente asociadas con la mayor accidentalidad. Pese a que la intensidad de exposición se asocia positivamente con una mayor accidentalidad, se constató que la mayor parte de dicha asociación está mediada por una mayor implicación en circunstancias de riesgo al volante.
Fatores associados ao uso regular de cigarros por adolescentes estudantes de escolas públicas de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Menezes Adriana Henriques Ribeiro , Dalmas José Carlos , Scarinci Isabel Cristina , Maciel Sandra Mara , Cardelli Alexandrina Aparecida Maciel
Published: June 2014

Estudo epidemiológico transversal com objetivo de identificar fatores associados ao uso regular de cigarros por adolescentes. A amostra foi constituída por 517 alunos do 9o ano do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. O instrumento de coleta de dados incluiu características sociodemográficas, relações sociais e comportamentos de risco. Na análise estatística, foi utilizado o modelo de regressão logística com nível de significância em 5%. Relataram uso de cigarros, pelo menos, um dia nos últimos trinta dias 8,9% dos alunos. Os fatores idade ≥ 15 anos (OR = 2,28; IC95%: 1,21-4,32; p = 0,011) e possuir amigos fumantes (OR = 12,62; IC95%: 4,44-35,89; p < 0,0001) associaram-se ao uso regular de cigarros, tanto na análise univariada como na multivariada. Por outro lado, sexo, raça, classe social, morar com pai e mãe, religião, escolaridade materna, experimentação de álcool, atividade física e atividade remunerada não se associaram a essa prática. Esses achados podem subsidiar a elaboração de estratégias antitabágicas direcionadas à comunidade, tendo o adolescente como alvo.
An entomoepidemiological investigation of Chagas disease in the state of Ceará, Northeast Region of Brazil
Authors: Coutinho Carolina Fausto de Souza , Souza-Santos Reinaldo , Teixeira Natalia Faria Daflon , Georg Ingebourg , Gomes Taís Ferreira , Boia Marcio Neves , Reis Neilane Bertoni dos , Maia Alexander de Oliveira , Lima Marli Maria
Published: June 2014

The seroprevalence of Chagas disease in humans and the presence of triatomines were investigated in a rural locality in the State of Ceará, Brazil, an historically endemic region. Approximately 80% of the surveyed residents agreed to undergo serological tests. Intradomestic and peridomestic environments were searched for triatomines in both the dry and rainy seasons. The prevalence rate of Chagas disease was 1.2% and the majority of individuals confirmed with the disease over 50 years of age. A total of 761 specimens of triatomines were captured, most of which were from colonies composed of nymphs and adult bugs, and the majority of specimens were obtained in the dry season. Triatoma brasiliensis was the predominant species. Analysis using light microscopy revealed that 28.6% of the insects were Trypanosoma cruzi positive. Results suggest that peridomestic man-made structures, such as animal shelters, improper storage of timber and uninhabited dwellings contribute to the high rate of triatomine infestation in the area.
Os riscos e a promoção do autocontrole na saúde alimentar: moralismo, biopolítica e crítica parresiasta
Authors: Castiel Luis David , Ferreira Marcos Santos , Moraes Danielle Ribeiro de
Published: June 2014

O artigo trata das propostas de autocuidado mediante o autocontrole na promoção da saúde alimentar, especialmente nos propósitos de se evitar o ganho de peso e o consumo de comida que não sigam o modelo da 'alimentação saudável'. Tais iniciativas se apresentam como estratégias do cuidado de si, legitimadas e naturalizadas no contexto da saúde nutricional, vinculadas a modos moralistas nas formas atuais de se levar a vida. A perspectiva crítica do estudo adota a biopolítica como enfoque teórico e a 'parresia cínica', como linha de argumentação, própria do Cinismo como doutrina filosófica, desenvolvida posteriormente por Michel Foucault em seus estudos sobre o cuidado de si.
Consumo alimentar de risco e proteção para as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e sua associação com a gordura corporal: um estudo com funcionários da área de saúde de uma universidade pública de Recife (PE), Brasil
Authors: Azevedo Edynara Cristiane de Castro , Dias Fábia Morgana Rodrigues da Silva , Diniz Alcides da Silva , Cabral Poliana Coelho
Published: June 2014

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o consumo de alimentos de risco e proteção para as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e sua associação com a gordura corporal por funcionários da área de saúde de uma universidade pública da cidade de Recife, em Pernambuco. Estudo transversal, envolvendo 267 adultos. Foram constituídos 2 grupos de alimentos: Risco e proteção. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por um questionário de frequência alimentar com mensuração convertida em escores. O modelo conceitual considerou variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais e antropométricas. Foi evidenciada uma elevada prevalência de excesso de peso e do baixo consumo de alimentos protetores. As medianas dos escores de consumo de alimentos de risco e proteção foram similares em todas as variáveis analisadas, exceto por um maior consumo de alimentos protetores observado nos indivíduos obesos (p = 0,000). O estudo aponta para a complexidade envolvida na relação entre consumo alimentar, gordura corporal e doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, indicando a necessidade de novos estudos com delineamentos mais apropriados, fornecendo subsídios para futuras intervenções nesta população.
Insegurança alimentar e indicadores antropométricos, dietéticos e sociais em estudos brasileiros: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Morais Dayane de Castro , Dutra Luiza Veloso , Franceschini Sylvia do Carmo Castro , Priore Silvia Eloiza
Published: June 2014

Objetivou-se nesta revisão sistemática relacionar situação de insegurança alimentar, detectada pela Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA), com indicadores antropométricos, dietéticos e sociais. Realizou-se busca em bases eletrônicas (ScieLO, LILACS, MEDLINE), com seleção dos estudos pelos títulos e resumos, e posteriormente por leitura integral. Incluiu-se estudos identificados nas referências bibliográficas. Dos 215 revisados, 15 contemplaram critérios de inclusão (associação entre indicadores antropométricos, dietéticos ou sociais com insegurança alimentar, detectada pela EBIA), sendo que três contemplaram mais de uma variável de interesse. Observou-se relação entre insegurança alimentar e índices estatura/idade e peso/idade em crianças, e para obesidade em mulheres. Menor consumo de alimentos reguladores, construtores e ferro, e maior consumo de carboidratos associou-se à insegurança alimentar. Houve relação entre indicadores sociais, como menor renda e escolaridade, ausência de vínculo empregatício e saneamento básico. A EBIA apresentou associação, em alguns estudos, com indicadores nutricionais e sociais, mas deve ser utilizada conjuntamente com outros instrumentos, visando abranger múltiplas dimensões da segurança alimentar e nutricional.
Padrão alimentar de risco para as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e sua associação com a gordura corporal - uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Azevedo Edynara Cristiane de Castro , Diniz Alcides da Silva , Monteiro Jailma Santos , Cabral Poliana Coelho
Published: June 2014

O objetivo do presente artigo é revisar estudos sobre padrão alimentar de risco para as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) e sua associação com a gordura corporal em adultos, publicados entre os anos de 2005 e 2012. Os artigos foram revisados sistematicamente de forma independente por 2 pesquisadores, utilizando os descritores: food consumption, chronics diseases, anthropometry, body fat e adults, nas bases de dados eletrônicas Medline, Lilacs e Scielo. Foram identificados 8 estudos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, todos realizados na população brasileira. A prevalência do excesso de peso e de gordura abdominal oscilou de 38,6% a 51,3% e 23,4% a 43,1%, respectivamente. Na maioria dos estudos, o consumo de frutas, legumes e verduras esteve abaixo do recomendado. Foi encontrada associação significativa entre padrões alimentares e perfil antropométrico em 5 estudos. As variações nas prevalências e nos resultados dos estudos indicam a necessidade de padronização dos instrumentos de coleta e métodos utilizados e a realização de estudos com delineamentos mais apropriados. As altas prevalências de excesso de peso e de baixo consumo de alimentos marcadores de padrões alimentares saudáveis indicam a necessidade de medidas de intervenção.