bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects Of Fatigue On The Balance Error Scoring System For Concussion Testing In Healthy And Previous Concussed Participants
Authors:   , Graham Jason
Published: February 2023

There has been a recent increase in the attention of concussions in the media and research world. One of the major factors that contribute to injuries including concussion is fatigue. This study has been designed to allow athletic trainers to decipher whether a potential balance insufficiency in an acutely concussed athlete is due to fatigue or the side affects of the concussion on postural stability. The study examined 30 college-aged athletes from a multitude of sports who had either sustained a concussion or never had a concussion. Participants were randomly grouped into one of three groups: non-concussed control group, non-concussed treatment group, or a concussed treatment group. The participants completed a pretest of the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) followed three days later by a fatigue protocol for those in the treatment groups and finished by completing a posttest BESS. The fatigue protocol is a seven station circuit program that has been utilized in past research studies using the Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale to measure fatigue. The results showed no significant difference in BESS scores from the pretest to posttest in any of the sample groups. There was a significant difference (p=.000) in RPE scores between the two treatment groups and the control group. These results indicate there was significant fatigue induced for the BESS posttest in the treatment groups. However, fatigue did not appear to influence the BESS test for either non-concussed or concussed participants.
The Organization of Content For Agricultural Teaching In Western Kansas High Schools
Authors:   , Wedel Leo
Published: February 2023

The specific problem of this investigation pertains to, “The Organization of Content for Agricultural Teaching in Western Kansas High Schools.\ The study deals with the course of instruction in all high schools in the western half of the state teaching agriculture, except those teaching vocational agriculture. Schools teaching vocational agriculture are organized under the Smith-Hughes law. A school teaching agriculture organized under this law has a definitely prescribed course of study which does not apply to non-vocational schools. Thus, the necessity for the organization of a course of study for this latter type of school. This is a course that is elective and for a school term of thirty-six weeks, five days a week with a daily lesson period approximately forty minutes in length.
Creativity Visible
Authors:   , Phingjaim Sasikarn
Published: February 2023

A collection of mixed media pieces including packaging, designs, and fonts.
Fraternal Life Insurance With Special Reference To Kansas
Authors:   , Thomas Dollie
Published: February 2023

It is the purpose of this thesis to present a discussion of the history and development of the fraternal beneficiary societies, which make up one of the few distinct types of organizations that offer protection from financial loss resulting from physical disability or premature death. Chapter II will give a brief resume of the age-old principle of fraternalism, or brotherhood, from pre-historic times to the present. A general history of fraternal life insurance organizations in the United States will make up Chapter III. A study of the fraternal insurance law of the State of Kansas , including state regulation and some of the major court decisions, will be discussed in Chapter IV. Chapter V will give some of the present-day benefits, other than cash insurance protection, that are provided by the fraternal benefit societies.
Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud: A Comparative Approach to Their Theories
Authors:   , Morris John
Published: February 2023

The approach of this paper is comparative by necessity, for Freud always maintained that the ideas and theories of psychoanalysis were his own. The comparative nature of this investigation precludes the formation of a direct cause and effect analysis of Nietzsche's contributions to Freud's ideas. Insufficient evidence prevents a solid conclusion that Nietzsche was the intellectual mentor of Sigmund Freud. Indications leading to the establishment of Nietzsche as Freud's direct predecessor appear to be given weight by the near correlations which may be drawn between the major ideas of both men. This does not directly establish a link between the two men, but what can be established is the sure knowledge that the concepts of Freud's theories of psychology were not the solitary and unique contributions of an isolated genius in Vienna. When compared with the psychological concepts of Nietzsche, Freud's ideas were not wholly original.
The Effect of Art Therapy on the Self-Concept of Elementary School Learning Disabled Children
Authors:   , Stephenson Sharron
Published: February 2023

This study investigated the effects of an art therapy on the self-concept of elementary school learning disabled children. It was concluded that an art therapy program does make a significant contribution to the increase in self-concept as analyzed by the use of an ANCOVA for both standard score and I-score with pre-score as a co-variant measure. Subjects were chosen on the basis of having a current Individualized Education Program (I.E.P.) and placement in an elementary school learning disabilities program. The art therapy subjects were presented with a variety of techniques and materials ranging from body image to visualization, using materials ranging from crayon to florescent poster paint. It was hypothesized that the subjects would gain a higher level of self-concept when presented with an opportunity to express themselves in an accepting environment. The results of this study provided evidence that there is a high level of significance between art therapy and an increase in self-concept. Recommendations for future research with an expanded amount of time were given.
Spatial Analysis Of A Bioterrorist Attack On Four Major United States Cities Using An Aerosolized Hemorrhagic Fever Virus
Authors:   , Prinslow Kathryn
Published: February 2023

Before the attack on September 11,2001, the United States was very vulnerable to a biological attack. Since then, those responsible for the security of the United States Homeland Security have become more aware of the country's vulnerability. Biological agents have the potential to give small groups of people unprecedented power to terrorize, as indicate by the \Amerithrax\ attack in 2001, and of all of these agents, none have more potential for destruction than Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever (EHF). This research uses one of the deadliest viruses that have not been eradicated to identify the number of fatalities in an outbreak affecting the United States. EHF is one of the deadliest viruses known, and is classified as a category A bioweapon. This research uses current modeling technology with most recent data to model a worst-case scenario of an attack involving EHF-Zaire. Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT), and the Spatio-Temporal Epidemiological Modeler (STEM) was used to determine the number of index cases in hypothetical attacks on four United States cities, Los Angeles, Houston, New York City, and St. Louis, and each was processed in STEM to track the diffusion of the outbreak spatially and temporal. Fatality numbers were calculated from STEM, using recorded Comma Separated Variable (CSV) files . The fatalities for each scenario were over 136 million over the six month study period. An understanding of a worst-case EHF- Zaire scenario will be a valuable asset for emergency response and epidemiological personnel with regard to the crafting of response strategies and training scenarios.
The Alien Contribution To The History of Barton County, Kansas
Authors:   , Hoover Mearle,
Published: February 2023

This thesis is a survey of immigration into Barton County Kansas from a variety of nationalities and the effect this immigration has had on the society of the area.
A Study of Priorities of Competencies in Educational Administration as Perceived by Selected Superintendents of Public School Districts in Nebraska
Authors:   , Teter Elton
Published: February 2023

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the concepts of superintendents in selected public school districts in Nebraska regarding their priorities of competencies in educational administration which they believe superintendents should possess. The secondary purpose was to research the relationship between these concepts and the various characteristics of the superintendents who hold them.
Sherwood Anderson: An Appreciation of His Life and Fiction
Authors:   , Davenport Kenneth
Published: February 2023

It has been only in the past four decades that Americans have awakened to the fact that they could have a literature which is not dependent on any foreign country, particularly that of England. It has been only in this period of time that an interest has been awakened in the history of American letters and the reasons for their development along their specific lines. Without attempting to assign causes, it is at once in evidence that the literature of America, with only two exceptions, to the beginnings of realism is strongly tied to the literature of Europe, particularly to the Anglo-Saxon heritage found in English ancestry. Sherwood Anderson has been arbitrarily chosen for an illustration of the modern American naturalist. He pictures in his life, his philosophy, his technique, and his writings the essences of which realism in America is composed. In attempting to catch the individual characteristics of this author, I hope to show that America has gone far in developing a creative artist with a high standard of excellence, one who has not had to depend a great deal upon European literature for his background.
Movement of Small Mammals at an Interchange on Interstate Highway 70
Authors:   , Hopton Matthew
Published: February 2023

Triangular habitat \islands\ at interchanges along interstates are utilized extensively by small mammals. I attempted to monitor the movements of small mammals at the West Hays interchange, Exit 157, on Interstate Highway 70 in Ellis Co., Kansas. By doing so, I attempted to discover what factors (such as age, reproductive condition, sex, or population density) affect the movement of small mammals across roads, to determine which species are most apt to cross roads, to establish the degree to which roads act as barriers, and, finally, to ascertain which small mammals re-colonized trapped out triangles and at what rate. I found that roads acted as barriers of varying degrees to different species of small mammals. I was unable to attribute an increase in movement of an individual to anyone factor and assumed that the ability or tendency to cross roads may be a trait of individuals as much as a characteristic of species.
The Limits of Healthy Habits: Exploring the Relationship between Disordered Eating, Body Image, Mindfulness, Social Media, and Dysfunctional Exercise
Authors:   , Dinkel Taylor
Published: February 2023

In recent decades, there has been an increase not only in full syndrome eating disorders, but also in subclinical presentations of disordered eating, many of which include dysfunctional relationships with exercise. Although not full diagnosable syndromes, disordered relationships with food and exercise, as well as a preoccupation with body image, can cause severe physical and psychological stress for individuals who present with these dysfunctional patterns. With the growth of fitness-related social media accounts, the increase in social media usage during the pandemic, and the increase in subclinical disordered eating presentations and dysfunctional relationships with exercise, it is important be aware of the damage that subclinical forms of disorders can have. The present research serves as a way to examine the subclinical forms of disordered eating and dysfunctional exercise and propose how, through mindfulness, the two can be prevented from developing into full syndrome clinical eating disorders, which often lead to in-patient treatment, hospitalization, or in many cases, death.
Effects of Grassland Fire on Small Mammals at Cheyenne Bottoms Wildlife Area
Authors:   , Zajic Michael
Published: February 2023

Small mammals were livetrapped in areas subjected to three different burn treatments (one burned the year of the study, one burned a year before the study, and old growth that was burned more than two years before the study). Capture-recapture data were used to determine whether deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), western harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis), and hispid cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) were associated with a particular type of burn treatment. Deer mice were associated with the treatment burned the year of the study, whereas western harvest mice were associated with the old growth treatment. Hispid cotton rats were associated with the treatment burned one year before the study but were common in all three treatments and may act as a generalist at Cheyenne Bottoms. Neither species diversity nor total abundance of small mammals differed significantly among the three treatments.
Floor Based and Suspended Compositions Combining Clay and Natural Fibers
Authors:   , Turner Peggy
Published: February 2023

My thesis involves floor based compositions and, in an attempt to make very heavy looking, earthbound forms appear airborne, some are suspended through the use of macrame and weaving techniques. This presents a special challenge in that both knot-tying and ceramics have been considered \craft\ oriented in the past.
A Projected School-Community Relationship Program in Western Kansas.
Authors:   , Jellison Joe
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the need for a better school-community relationship, and a suggested solution of the problems involved, if there be need for improvement of the relationship of school and community.
A Study of the Fry and Dale-Chall Readability Formulas Applied to Occupational Information
Authors:   , Callison Rebekah
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was twofold: First to investigate the readability level of a sample of materials from the Occupational Outlook Handbook, the Occupational Brief, and the Coping With Series. Second, to compare the Dale-Chall and the Fry Readability Formulas for checking readability levels of these samples. The findings were that the Occupational Outlook Handbook, the Occupational Brief were written at the upper high school and college readability level. The findings were that the Coping With Series included fifth through tenth grade readability level. When comparing readability levels of these materials as measured by the Dale-Chall and Fry readability formulas by using the t-test for related samples, differences were found to be insignificant.
Effects of a Preventive Mental Health Program on an Elementary Classroom
Authors:   , Hayes Patricia
Published: February 2023

The present study was an attempt to assess the effects of a systematic mental health program in an elementary school. Three variables were considered: the child's emotional adjustment; group interaction; and the teacher's rating of each student's behavior. Changes of these variables were assessed by the use of a human figure drawing, a sociometric device, and a behavior rating scale. Subjects for this study consisted of 88 subjects enrolled in the second and fourth grade of two parochial school s in Ellis County. St. Joseph's Elementary School, Hays, was designated as the experimental school, St. Mary's, Ellis, as the control school. All classes were administered the sociogram and human figure drawing. The teacher was asked to fill out the AML Behavior Rating Scale of each child. Following this pre-testing period, the Developing Understanding of Self and Others (DUSO) program was utilized for twelve weeks in the experimental school. The same instruments were used in a post-testing session. Data was analyzed assessing the amount of change in the dependent variables could be attributed to the independent variable (DUSO). The results were expected to reveal that a mental health program could improve a child's emotional adjustment, reduce the number of students rejected by classmates, and reduce those behaviors viewed as inappropriate by the teachers. Results showed that in the experimental class there was a significant change in group process as measured by the sociometric device. There was also a positive change in teachers' perceptions of student behavior as noted on improved behavioral ratings. No change in self- perception was found with the Human Figure Drawing. In the control classroom, either no significant change or a significantly negative change was noted both with the sociogram and the teacher rating scale.
Assessment of the Differences Between Perceived Marital Adjustment by Single Persons as Compared to Reported Adjustment by Married Persons
Authors:   , Madsen Richard
Published: February 2023

Differences between perceived marital adjustment by singles as compared to actual adjustment by married persons were assessed. Subjects were divided into four groups: 60 young singles (age 18-21), 30 older singles (age 22-29), 30 marrieds (age 21-36), and 20 divorced (age 19-51). There were an equal number of males and females in each group. All subjects were administered the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). Single (and divorced) subjects were asked to respond to the DAS as they thought they would after the first year of their future (or next) marriage. Marrieds were given the usual instructions for filling out the DAS. The results indicated that a somewhat pessimistic outlook on marriage may be more conducive to good marital adjustment than an overly optimistic view. Differences between marital expectations of a second marriage for divorced females and males may be due to differences in the culturally defined sex roles of males and females.
Funeral Selection as a Function of Field-Independence, Field-Dependence
Authors:   , Schreiner Donald
Published: February 2023

Funeral selection as a function of field-dependence and field-independence was examined in this study. Subjects were identified as either field-dependent or field-independent on the basis of a group administered Hidden Figures Test and a figure drawing test. Four alternative funeral choices were rated by separate groups prior to the study in terms of social desirability. Established field-dependent and field-independent subjects were given a choice of one of four alternative funeral choices for a close friend or relative who had just died. The prediction that field-dependent subjects would choose a more socially desirable funeral than field-independent subjects was confirmed.
Depositional Environments of the Dakota Sandstone in Southwest Pueblo County, Colorado
Authors:   , Miller Bruce
Published: February 2023

The Dakota Sands tone (Cretaceous) exposed near the town of Beulah, Colorado, is composed of sandstones, siltstones, and shales averaging 55 feet (16 . 76 m.) in thickness. Stratification, primary structures, and lithologic features suggest that most of the sandstones were deposited in a beach complex, an estuarine channel, or on an inlet point bar. These sandstones are generally medium grained, moderately to well sorted, subangular to subrounded, and submature to mature. The siltstones and clays were deposited on levees and marshes. A paleocurrent analysis of the sandstones shows that a majority of the samples display either bimodal or bipolar distributions, which may suggest a beach environment. The average overall composition of the sandstones is 76% quartz, 18% matrix composed of kaolinite, sericite, and/or illite, and 6% secondary silica overgrowths. Trace amounts of feldspar, rock fragments, muscovite, biotite, carbonaceous material, iron oxides, and heavy minerals were also observed. The siltstones are similar to the sandstones in composition and the c lays are composed entirely of kaolinite. Petrographic studies of the sediments indicate a sedimentary and plutonic (igneous and metamorphic) source. Paleocurrent analysis of the cross-bedded sandstones indicates that the likely source area was to the west. This source is known as the Sevier Orogenic Belt and is located in western Utah and southeastern Nevada. The effects of a number of diagenetic processes were observed including authogenic quartz overgrowths, kaolinization of feldspar, and replacement of quartz by calcite.
A Pressure Group in Microcosm
Authors:   , Hammer Robert
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to study the philosophy, ideology, structure and activities of The John Birch Society as a pressure group on the local level, and not to condemn or condone the John Birch Society as an organization. One of the primary difficulties encountered in this study was the controversial nature of the John Birch Society itself. Public opinion and material available on the Society have been polarized to extreme positive and negative positions. [From preface]
History of Select Businesses in the Historic Chestnut Street District of Downtown Hays, Kansas
Authors:   , Beck Elisha
Published: February 2023

The thesis depicts the history of five locations in the Historic Chestnut Street District of Hays, Kansas. Those locations, titled Peach Tree Corner, the Wiesner Building, the Strand Theater, the Basgall Building, and the Lamar Hotel, provide prime examples of the businesses that made downtown the commercial, social, and architectural center of the town of Hays. While these places once served as the centers of downtown events and commerce, over time, many fell out of use or were changed architecturally. Most likely, this was due to disconnection with the past. Many of the prior portrayals of Hays seem to only concentrate on the history of Fort Hays, the Wild West, and Volga Germans, but the history of the town involves many more elements. The chronicles of the aforementioned downtown locations begin in the earliest days of Hays, but also continue up until present day. Also, present downtown business owners desired to answer the questions of patrons about the history of their buildings, but the owners only had fragments of the history. Places such as the Ellis County Historical Society and the Kansas Room at the Hays Public library possess collections filled with photographs, newspaper clippings, and many other resources pertaining to the history of downtown buildings, but the information in the resources was yet to be organized into extended narrations of specific addresses. After the information was compiled into comprehensible histories, the downtown businesses owners were given the stories and accompanying exhibits that will serve to engage the curiosity of customers and help them all develop a greater appreciation of the past.
A Study of Marketing Management Training Programs Used by Oil Companies Interviewing at Fort Hays Kansas State College During the 01/01/1967-68 School Year
Authors:   , Austin Max
Published: February 2023

The problem and purpose of this study was to examine the marketing management training programs of eight oil companies and find if these programs contained the types of training thought to be most needed in the area of marketing and sales management. These needs include training and development in management principles, marketing and communications techniques, leadership qualities, and development of self and others. A model program was constructed to include these training needs. The company programs, as given in literature supplied by these same companies, were examined and compared to the model program. Five of the eight company programs studied did not meet the requirements of the model. It was pointed out where the programs met requirements and where they were found lacking. The eight companies included in this study represent the oil companies that held interviews at the Fort Hays Kansas State College campus during the 1967-1968 school year. The information for this study was gathered from available texts and periodicals, and from unpublished correspondent material supplied by the eight oil companies studied.
Physical Attractiveness and Locus of Control in Elementary School Children
Authors:   , Parry Kristi
Published: February 2023

The relationship of physical attractiveness and locus of control in 126 elementary school children, grades three through six, was investigated. The study was an attempt to replicate, with children, the results found by Anderson (1978) for college aged subjects that a curvilinear relationship exists between physical attractiveness and locus of control. Ten independent adult observers rated yearbook pictures of all subjects on physical attractiveness. The mean physical attractiveness rating for each subject was compared with their locus of control score on the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children (1973). No significant interaction was found between physical attractiveness and locus of control, locus of control scores did not differ significantly by attractiveness or by sex, locus of control scores did differ significantly by grade level. Mean locus of control scores were progressively more internal from the third grade to the sixth grade in the subjects sampled.
Sinclair Lewis: Social Satirist
Authors:   , Bryant-Parsons Milldred
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the novels written by Sinclair Lewis, in an effort to determine whether the facts in them presented are accurate or not and if his satire is justified by existing conditions. Some critics have bitterly attacked Lewis because he satirized society . Since Lewis, who wrote concerning many social problems in the period between 1910-1950 , was a popular writer, a study of his novels is pertinent . Surely, no one else serves so well as he to illustrate the relationship between literature and a practical world which he portrays and holds up to judgment .
Lateral Eye Movements, Hemispheric Asymmetry and Gender Differences: A Replication
Authors:   , Schilling Susan
Published: February 2023

Kinsbourne's (1972) hemispheric activation model proposes that the left and right cerebral hemispheres are activated differentially in response to different question sets depending on the type of information being processed (verbal or spatial). Further, Kinsbourne argues that this activation may be measured by the direction of lateral eye movements (LEMs) following a given type of question. Using two types of question sets (verbal and spatial), two modes of question presentation (visual and auditory), and male and female college students, the present study obtained mixed results, many of which failed to support a number of predictions derived from the hemispheric activation model. In particular, the data suggest that the female brain is not necessarily less lateralized than the male brain, but rather, may be lateralized in a different manner than that of the male brain. Spatial question do not appear to differentially activate the right hemisphere (generally considered involved with spatial processing) nor do verbal questions primarily elicit left hemispheric processing (generally considered Involved with verbal processing). These results are discussed in terms of the utility of using LEMs to measure activation of the two cerebral hemispheres.
The return of the Native American soldier: oral storytelling and healing
Authors:   , Kraisinger Theresa
Published: February 2023

Native American healing focuses on curing all aspects (physically, mentally, emotionally, psychologically, and spiritually) of a sick individual. Spiritual healing is unique to Native American cultures, often requiring unexpected healing techniques. Those who are spiritually ill are disconnected from their community and the world around them because of various obstacles that have thrown them off balance. Various ways exist to help heal the spiritual needs of a person; however, the most popular ways is through oral storytelling. Oral storytelling, a tradition passed down by hundreds of generations in Native American culture, is used to remind sick individuals where they come from, offer a supportive community to listen, and provide an opportunity to participate within their culture by sharing their stories with others. Oral storytelling is made up of several healing components, and this study focuses on ceremonies and trickster humor. Healing ceremonies allow individuals to slowly come back into themselves while letting go of the past and obstacles blocking their connection to the world around them, as demonstrated by Tayo in Leslie Marmon Silko‟s Ceremony. Trickster humor allows individuals to heal through humor and release pent-up anger, removing the barrier blocking healing, demonstrated by Rudy Yellow Shirt in Skins by Adrian Louis. Through these two methods of storytelling, these individuals heal themselves and reconnect with the world around them and their communities.
Transformational Leadership and Staff Nurse Job Satisfaction in Rural Hospitals
Authors:   , Longenecker Barbara
Published: February 2023

Transformational leadership has been purported to be one of the most influential elements contributing to job satisfaction (Tracy, & Hinkin, 1998; Ross & Offermann 1997; Medley & LaRochelle, 1995); Fuller, Morrison, Jones, Bridger; & Brown, 1999; McDaniel & Wolf, 1992; Sofarelli & Brown, 1998; Morrison, Jones, & Fuller, 1997; Tacetta-Chapnick, 1996). The relationship between transformational leadership and staff nurse job satisfaction in rural hospitals was investigated using a quantitative, non-experimental descriptive-correlational research design. The sample was derived from 91 registered nurses, 22 responding (N= 22) working in 6 rural hospitals of 50 beds or less located throughout the north-central Kansas region. King's (1981) Theory of Goal Attainment was used to guide the investigation. Significance included the need for leaders with special skills to help change the attitudes of: a) management toward staff nurses, b) staff nurses toward management, and c) Staff nurses toward their profession. If transformational leadership qualities are shown to have a positive effect on staff nurse job satisfaction in rural hospitals, expenditures incurred by these hospitals, who are constantly orienting new nurses, should decrease, harmony between management and staff should increase, and job satisfaction should be the end result. Bass & Avolio's (1995) Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5X) for both leaders and raters was used to measure transformational leadership. Stamps & Market Research, Inc. (1997) Index of Work Satisfaction (IWS) was used to measure staff nurse job satisfaction. Results were: Statistical analysis using Pearson's sample correlation coefficient was used to determine if a correlation existed between the means of the raters' results of the MLQ-5X and the means of the raters' results of the IWS. Data from seventeen raters (N=17) was used for the calculations. The value of the sample correlation coefficient was -0.12 (r = - 0.12). Therefore, according to the data, there is no relationship between the staff nurse's perception of their leaders’ transformational leadership style and the staff nurse's level of job satisfaction. Further research is recommended due to the low number of responses returned.
Infants in a Strange Situation : A Study of Attachment, Exploration, and Separation Anxiety
Authors:   , Cramm Mary
Published: February 2023

Ainsworth and Bell’s (1970) study of one-year-olds in a situation involving interaction with a stranger was revised and extended. Two age groups were added, as was a familiarized adult to whom it could be assumed the subjects were not attached. This familiar adult acted as a comparison figure on which to base conclusions about the infants; selectivity in terms of their attachment behaviors. Subjects were 15 white, family-reared infants grouped according to age- - 9 months, 12 months, and 15 months- - with 5 subjects in each group. Attachment, exploration, and separation anxiety were the behaviors under study. The subjects were observed with their mothers present, with their mothers absent, in interaction with the familiarized adult, and in interaction with a stranger. A frequency count of relevant behaviors was made by observers through a one-way window. Comparisons were made to determine differences in behavior across conditions and across age groups. Age differences were not significant. The addiction of the familiarized adult did affect infants’ behaviors, especially crying, which was notably decreased in this study, as compared with Ainsworth and Bell’s (1970) work. An unexpected finding was a significant difference for only children.
I Talk W/My Hands
Authors:   , Giebler Edna
Published: February 2023

A collection of monochromatic drawings of hands.
Comparative Effectiveness of Elementary School Achievement In English Speaking Countries
Authors:   , Self Arthur
Published: February 2023

The general problem of this study was to determine the relative effectiveness or general progress of instruction of school children in English speaking countries of the world as compared with the progress in certain Kansas schools. Teachers and headmasters in the foreign countries were careful to mention the fact that many processes of learning are different in their country than it is in the United States. Such spelling words as program (programme), center (centre), and labor (labour) could not be used, and problems dealing in dollars and cents were not used.
Out Put of Motor Performance as the Function of Cognitive Association
Authors:   , Chen Stuart
Published: February 2023

This research was designed to test the effects of cognitive practice on pursuit rotor performance. Two experimental groups, cognitive group (A) and physical practice group (B), and one control group (C) received differential treatment over a ten day period. Only the data from day one and day ten practice sessions were used in the experiment. An analysis of performance, total time-on-target, indicated that both groups A and B tracked significantly better than the control group (C) did on day ten. No difference was found between group A and group B. Both major hypothesis were supported. The data clearly indicated that cognitive practice, mental rehearsal, was as effective, in learning the pursuit tracking task, as was the actual physical practice. It was found that the cognitive, or mental practice, is a relevant variable which affects motor performance, especially on the tracking behavior in this study.
A Follow-Up Study in Vocational Rehabilitation
Authors:   , Main Douglas
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate consumer satisfaction and employment status for successfully rehabilitated VR clients from a central Kansas general caseload, and to identify clients in need of further services. The independent variables investigated were: severity of disability, disability groups, time elapsed since closure, and work fulfillment for clients who were employed. The dependent variables were scores from the VR Process and Product sub-scales of the VR Consumer Satisfaction Inventory. The sample consisted of 49 VR clients. Two composite null hypotheses were tested employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model) and a one-way analysis of variance. A total of 16 comparisons were made. Eight of the 16 were main effects and 8 were interactions. Two of the main effects were statistically significant at the .05 level. The following main effects were statistically significant: 1. time elapse since closure for the dependent variable VR Process Satisfaction, and 2. work fulfillment for the dependent variable VR Product Satisfaction. Three of the four statistically significant comparisons were for interactions. The following interactions were statistically significant: 1. severity of disability, disability group, and time elapse since closure for the dependent variable VA Process Satisfaction. 2. severity of disability and disability group for the dependent variable VA Product Satisfaction , 3. severity of disability and time elapse since closure for the dependent variable VA Product Satisfaction. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. clients with high work fulfillment have greater VA Product Satisfaction than clients with low work fulfillment, and 2. significant interactions for, a. severity of disability, disability group. and time elapse since closure for the dependent variable VA Process Satisfaction, b. severity of disability and disability group for the dependent variable VA Product Satisfaction, and c. severity of disability and time elapse since closure for the dependent variable VA Product Satisfaction.
Application of Operant Principles to Academic and Motor Task Behavior in a Trainable Mentally Retarded Classroom
Authors:   , Pyle Dana
Published: February 2023

This multiple baseline study examined the effect of tangible reinforcers on two academic tasks and one sensory-motor task with a trainable mentally retarded class of nine subjects ranging from 12 to 16 years of age. A greater increase in the total number of correct responses for the academic tasks over the sensory-motor task was observed. A reinforcer that could serve as both a primary reinforcer (candy) and a secondary reinforce (token) was chosen. Gumballs were distributed by a gumball machine contingent upon correct response. The subjects immediately grasped the concept of barter and retained all gumballs earned and traded them for small toys and trinkets. The preference demonstrated by these subjects for secondary reinforcers over primary reinforcers is contrary to previous study on reinforcers. It was concluded that academic tasks can be taught to the trainable mentally retarded in a group situation using behavior modification methods, and that trainable mentally retarded subjects may choose secondary reinforcers over primary reinforcers.
Aumakua : Sacred Ancestors of Paradise
Authors:   , Coulter Meg
Published: February 2023

The study of art history in graduate school exercises constant influence on my work and reinforced my desire to travel and experience various aspects of nature and culture. A major influence apparent in the works exhibited results from my residence in Hawaii where the natural elements of fire, water, earth and air are magnified and revered. The Hawaiians evolve methods of worship which mystically link heaven and earth by the belief that all of nature and the material world is animated by living spiritual ancestors or “Aumakua”. These spirits appear in the form of plants, animals, humans, cosmic forces, wind, mountains, and the sea. They relate to them as family or kin, offering assistance in the tasks of daily assistance. The idea of objects created of spirit and matter is central to the practice of sculpture. Hans and Shulamith Kreitler state, “Sculpture has often been regarded as an art which represents both concretely and symbolically the magic-laden combination of spirit and matter, meaning and material, which lies at the base of all culture”.
The Pseudopotential Approach to the Low-Energy Electron Scattering Cross-Section of Gaseous Lasers
Authors:   , Gu Zhongyi
Published: February 2023

We have adopted the pseudopotential and its construction procedures developed by Hamann to obtain the pseudopotentials of the noble gases as the first step in a series of efforts to enhance the power of gaseous lasers. The advantages of using pseudopotential are (1) the fast-reached convergence of electron wavefunctions and the drastically-reduced dimensions (matrix elements) of the Hamiltonian. (2) the built-in transferability which allows one to apply it to a single atom, a molecule, in an atomic or molecular system, in solids, and on a solid surface. (3) the inclusion of relativistic effects due to significant spin-orbital interaction which permits its application to all elements throughout the entire periodic table. The results are expressed in terms of calculated potential parameters and the Guassian exponential decay with respect to the radial distance of the electron from the nucleus. With the obtained pseudopotential, the approach is used to computate the cross-section for elastic scattering of electrons by atoms in a low-energy region. The results are found to be close to the experimental and theoretical data.
Prion Protein Gene Polymorphisms in the Alpha-Helical Region in Feral Pigs From Texas
Authors:   , Alsmady Maram
Published: February 2023

Prion diseases are a group of infectious, incurable, fatal neurodegenerative disorders, including scrapie in sheep, chronic wasting disease in deer, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans. A key event in prion disease is the conformational transition of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into the pathogenic isoform (PrPSC). Prion disease occurrence depends mainly on the interaction between the host prion protein (PrPC) and the prion strain (PrPSC). It was hypothesized that prion gene polymorphisms correlate with an organism’s susceptibility to prion disease, which may be related to the overall stability of the α-helical domain of the protein. Prion gene polymorphisms are also related to the species barrier between different mammalian species. The closer the three-dimensional conformation of the prion proteins in donor and recipient animals, the easier it is to transmit prion diseases between the two. Interestingly, some animal species are considered resistant to prion diseases, such as pigs, rabbits, and dogs, since no single case of naturally-occurring disease has been reported in them. In this research, I looked for polymorphisms in the PrPC gene by comparing wild pig sequences to each other, as well as other susceptible and resistant species. There are several regions in the nucleotide sequence in the PrPC gene of all pigs that are highly conserved. Key polymorphisms seem to reside at position 224 and position 230. These polymorphisms might be used as a prediction tool of the animal susceptibility for prion diseases using the amino acid sequence.
The Lime Content of Rocks of The Upper Cretaceous System of Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Rarick G.
Published: February 2023

The report which is being submitted here is the result of several weeks of field and laboratory work investigating the rocks of the Upper Cretaceous System of Ellis County, Kansas. The writer has attempted to consider the subject primarily from a chemical viewpoint although much of the background for the work has been of a geological nature. There has been no attempt to give a complete chemical analysis of the rocks of the Upper Cretaceous System, but rather a more or less thorough analysis in regard to the percentage of lime that the rocks of the various formations and members in respective parts of the county may contain. Also the attempt has been made to determine the consistency of the percentage of lime in a given member in various parts of the county and also of different beds of a given member in the same locality. The possibility of the existence of limestone of a percentage sufficiently high to be used for cattle feeding and for the manufacturing of lime has also been investigated. So far as the writer has been able to learn, there has been no work done on the chemical composition of the rooks of the Upper Cretaceous System of Ellis County, other than at Yocemento. Undoubtedly analytical work was done there during the time the cement factory was operating. However, the plant has been closed for a good many years and no printed materials are available regarding the nature of the enterprise. Much of the work has been based upon the geological report of N. W. Bass, entitled \Geologic Investigations in Western Kansas.\
Techniques and Problems in Fluorescent Color
Authors:   , Havel Lynn
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this thesis has been to explore the relationship between light and color which create varying effects within a work of art.
The Preparation of 3, 4-Dihydrocarbostyril by Photochemical Cyclization
Authors:   , Khoury Issam
Published: February 2023

This research involved the preparation of 3,4-dihydrocarbostyril by homolytic aromatic substitution using N-bromohydrocinnamamide. 3,4-Dihydrocarbostyril has been prepared in several different ways. It was synthesized in 1937 by the Schmidt reaction using 1-indanone and hydrazoic acid in sulfuric acid-benzene solution. More recently (1975) it was prepared by the reaction of o-chlorobenzaldehyde with 2-alkyl-4, 4-dimethyl-2-oxazoline followed by the elimination of methallylchloride. In this research cyclization, starting with N-bromohydrocinnamamide was investigated by the use of an oxidation-reduction reaction employing ferrous sulfate solution in concentrated sulfuric acid, and also by the action of silver nitrate with acetonitrile as the solvent. Each procedure was used in an attempt to form an activated intermediate which might attack the ortho position of the aromatic ring. Both reactions gave unsatisfactory results. When N-bromohydrocinnamamide was irradiated with ultraviolet light from a 250-W medium pressure mercury arc lamp for forty minutes under dry conditions, cyclization occurred to give 3,4 -dihydrocarbostyril. The identity of the product obtained was confirmed by infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectroscopy.
An Electromyographic Study of the Relation Between Muscular Tension and Performance on a Mental Task
Authors:   , Merriman Neva
Published: February 2023

This study was intended to provide information regarding the use of the EMG to aid students who wish to concentrate and study better. The study hypothesized that the electromyography could be used to train subjects to attain specific levels of muscular tension and that these levels of tension would influence performance on a mental task. Twenty volunteer subjects were assigned to four groups: 1) a no treatment group, 2) a relaxation group, 3) a moderate tension group, 4) a high tension group. The study consisted of a base line session, five treatment sessions and a second baseline session. Subjects read and answered multiple choice questions at each session. Those in experimental treatment condition underwent a training period using the EMG to monitor self-induced tension or relaxation. They then read with the EMG operating, on all treatment days. Dependent measures were 1) total reading time, 2) the number of lines read, 3) the number of times the subject lost concentration, 4) tile average number of lines read between lapses in concentration, 5) the number of answers attempted, 6) the number of correct answers. It was expected in accord with predictions from the research of Yerkes and Dodson (1908) that the mode rate tension group would perform better than all other groups and that the biofeedback groups would perform better than the no treatment group. Data were analyzed by a 4X5and 4x2 repeated measures ANOVA. Group differences occurred for one measure, the number of answers attempted, with the no treatment group being highest. There were differences across trials for all variables on one or both ANOVAs. Although subjects had no difficulty in maintaining a stable microvolt level during training sessions, results did not reflect the expected curvilinear, inverted U relationship between tension and performance. This may have been, in part, the result of a limited upper range of the EMG which was used. Of the four groups, relaxation subjects were unable to maintain the desired level of relaxation and perform the required task at the same time. It was decided to emphasize completion of the task. Different results might have been obtained had relaxation been emphasized. Improvement across trials for all variables indicates a practice effect. No treatment subjects had more correct answers and read more lines between lapses in concentration, but an examination of class grades suggests that students in this group had superior intelligence, better study skills, or both. Subjects in all other groups lost concentration less often, indicating some improvement in the ability to concentrate.