bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Hemolytic Activities and Toxicity of Ethyl Acetate Extract From an Unidentified Coral-Associated Fungus, Aspergillus brevipes RK06
Authors: Nofiani Risa , Kurniadi Rio , Ardiningsih Puji
Published: February 2018

Marine fungi are one of the potential and prolific sources to produce unique and novel structure of bioactive compounds. The aim of this research was to explore the biological activities potency from ethyl acetate extract of Aspergillus brevipes RK06. A. brevipes RK06 was successfully isolated from an unidentified coral from Randayan Island, Kalimantan Barat. The extract inhibited the oxidation of linoleic acid (Ferric thiocyanate assay) with a lipid peroxidation inhibition value of 28.44%. The IC50 value of the extract for brine shrimp lethality test was 34.19ug/mL. The hemolytic percentage of the extract for hemolysis on cow erythrocytes was 5.21%. The extract showed a growth inhibition against Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Based on the assays, the extract showed a potential citotoxity and both low antioxidant and hemolytic activities.Keywords: antioxidant, hemolytic activity, antimicrobial, toxicity, Aspergillus brevipes RK06
Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Soulatro Coumarin From Stem Bark of Calophyllum soulattri Burm F and In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity by Using Mice Infected by Plasmodium berghei
Authors: Abbas Jamilah , Darmawan Achmad , Syafruddin Syafruddin
Published: February 2018

The soulatro coumarin compound was isolated and elucidated from the stem bark of Calophyllum soulattri Burm F, the samples were collected from Jayapura Papua Irian Island in Indonesia. Isolation process was done by maceration at room temperature in methanol, than partitioned in a mixture of n hexane-water (1:1), followed by dichloromethane-water (1:1)  and ethyl acetate-water (1:1). A portion of ethyl acetate extract was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel packed and eluted with n-hexane a gradient of ethyl acetate to 100% followed by CHCl3  in MeOH (20:1, 10 :1, 5:1, 1:1). Fraction  B (CHCl3 in MeOH 20:1) was subjected to column chromatography  over silica gel 300 mesh  and eluted with EtOAc-MeOH mixtures of increasing polarity. Faction with the same Rf valeus were combined and eluted with EtOAc-MeOH  (19:1) showed one spot on TLC. They were combined and evaporated to yield a solid than was recrystallized in mixture of CH2Cl2-methanol to give soulatro coumarin compound. The structure was determinated by spectroscopic analysis, in particular by 1D and 2D NMR techniques, from these spectra data conclution that compound is soulatro coumarin. Antimalarial assay was tested against Plasmodium berghei parasite as in vivo using 18 mices rodent wich was infected by  Plasmodium berghei parasite. The soulatro coumarin  showed activity against P. berghei with dosage 0.0005867 mM/1 kg body weight ; 0.005867 mM/1 kg bw; 0.05867 mM/1 kg bw; 0.5867 mM/1 kg bw 5.867 mM/1 kg bw and 58.67 mM/1 kg bw could inhibite growth rate of parasite = 57.32%; 63.37%; 43.02%; 53.49%; 47.67% respectively.Keywords : Antiplasmodial activity, coumarin, Calophyllum soulattri Burm. F, in vivo, Chloroquine, Plasmodium berghei.
Selectivity of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Gynura Procumbens on Colon Cancer and Breast Cancer
Authors: Nurulita Nunuk Aries , Meiyanto Edy , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto
Published: February 2018

Gynura procumbens is widely used as traditional remedy in South-East Asia. Gynura procumbens exhibites anti inflammatory, antioxidant, and reduced blood pressure activity. The aim of this study was to determine chromatographic profile of ethyl acetate fraction of Gynura procumbens (FEG) and to investigate its cytotoxic properties and selectivity to colon cancerand breast cancer cancer cells. The chromatographic profile of FEG was determined using HPTLC densitometric and HPLC. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was performed to determine the growth inhibitory effect of FEG on the growth of WiDr, MCF-7, and T47D cells. NIH3T3, a normal cells was used to determine the selectivity of FEG, which contained small amount of quercetin as identified from chromatographic profile both HPTLC and HPLC. FEG inhibited cell growth of WiDr, of MCF-7 and of T47D cells in time dependent manner. Quercetin affected cell growth inhibition approximately two fold higher at WiDr and MCF-7, whereas FEG had lower effect on T47D cell. Quercetin did not seem as the main active compound of FEG. At this study, FEG caused less inhibition on the growth of NIH3T3 cells than that of on all cell lines. Selectivity index (SI) of FEG on WiDr, MCF-7 and T47D were 4.97, 2.77 and 7.79 respectively. According to the datas obtained, FEG possesses moderate to high cytotoxicity properties on WiDr, MCF-7 and T47D cells. FEG demonstrates selective effect against cancer cells and reveals prospective properties as cancer chemoprevention agent.Keywords: Gynura procumbens, colon cancer, breast cancer, cytotoxicity, selectivity
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Zingiber officinale, Piper retrofractum, and Their Combinations
Authors: Wasito Hendri , Ekowati Heny , Hayati Fitri Fauziah
Published: February 2018

Many plants are used empirically as antioxidant. Plants that are frequently used in Indonesian communities are Zingiber officinale and Piper retrofractum. The aim of this research was to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity of single ethanolic extract and the combinations ofZ. officinale and P. retrofratum using free radical scavenging DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. Z. officinale and P. retrofratum were extracted by maceration using 95% ethanol for 3 x 24 hours. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The concentration of the extract (μg/mL) that was required to scavenge 50% of free radicals (IC50)was calculatedusing the percent scavenging activities of six different extract concentrations. The results showed that the single ethanolic extract of Z. Officinalle produced the highest antioxidant activity with IC50of 56 μg/mL, while the antioxidant  activity of the single ethanolic extract of  P. retrofractum produced an IC50 of 3.445 μg/mL. The IC50 of combination of Z. officinale and P. retrofratum ethanolic extracts at concentration ratios of 1: 2, 1 : 1, and 2 : 1 were 148 μg/mL, 85 μg/mL, and 73 μg/mL.Keywords: Zingiber officinale, Piper retrfratum, Antioxidant, DPPH
Combination of Tangeretin and 5-Fluorouracil Modulates Cell Cycle and Induce Apoptosis on WiDr Cells
Authors: Indriyani Luthfia , Hermawan Adam , Jenie Riris Istighfari
Published: February 2018

Co-chemotherapeutics approaches are increasing in cancer treatment in order mainly to suppress the resistence phenomenon of cancer treatment and to enhance the cytotoxic effect of the main chemotherapeutics agent. Tangeretin has been known to have cytotoxic effect to some cancer cells through some pathways in the cells. To explore the potential effect of tangeretin as co-chemotherapeutics agent this research was subjected to study the cytotoxic effect of tangeretin in combination with 5-Fluoro Uracil (5-FU) on WiDr colon cancer cells covering the modulation of cell cycle and apoptosis induction. Cytotoxic effect was examined by using MTT assay while apoptotis induction was determined by annexin-V flowcytometry. Under MTT assay, tangeretin showed weak cytotoxic activity on the cells. However, tangeretin significantly enhanced the cytotoxic effect of 5-FU on the cells. This co-chemotherapeutics effect likely correlated with cell cycle modulation effect, especially in inducing polyploidy phenomenon as expressed in the flowcytometric graph of the DNA content. This combination also increased apoptosis induction. These result suggest that tangeretin is potential to be developed as co-chemotherapeutic agent for 5-Fu on colon cancer and further molecular mechanism need to be explored.Keywords: Tangeretin, 5-Fluorourasil, WiDr, cell cycle, apoptosis.
Elettaria cardamomum Distillate Increases Cellular Immunity in Doxorubicin Treated Rats
Authors: Raksamiharja Rikat , Sy Khairunnisa , S. Meirizky Zulharini , Novarina Annisa , Sasmito Ediati
Published: February 2018

Doxorubicin is one of chemotherapeutic agent used for cancer therapy. However, doxorubicin usage causes some adverse effects, such as lymphocyte, CD4+ and CD8+ cells number. Therefore, the co-chemotherapeutic agent is required to reduce the imunosuppression effect. Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) contains terpenoid 1,8 cineol. This research aimed to know the effect of Elettaria cardamomum distillate (ECD) in combination with doxorubicin on Sprague Dawley rat’s hematology profile and the amount of CD4+ and CD8+ cells. The experiment was done for 13 days using 6 groups of rats: I doxorubicin (dox) 15 mg/kg BW; II dox + ECD5 mg/kg BW; III dox + ECD 50 mg/kg BW; IV dox + ECD 100 mg/kg BW; V ECD 100 mg/kg BW; VI control without treatment. The hematology profile and the amount of CD4+ and CD8+ were counted before and after treatment using flowcytometer. The results show that ECD increases the amount of lymphocyte, white blood, CD4+ and CD8+ cells in dose dependent manner in doxorubicin treated rats. Based on the data, it can be concluded that ECD is potential to be developed as immunostimulant agent for chemotherapy.Keywords: Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum), immunostimulant, hematology, CD4+, CD8+
Cytotoxic Activity and Apoptosis Induction of Ethanolic Extract of Pericarps of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) on WiDr Cells and Interaction Study of Alpha-mangosteen to IKK and VEGF Based on Molecular Docking
Authors: Rohmah Annishfia Lailatur , Amalia Fikri , Rivanti Erlina , Putri Dyaningtyas Dewi Pamungkas , Nurulita Nunuk Aries
Published: February 2018

One of the compounds found efficacious as an anti-proliferative on colon cancer is alpha-mangosteen, a xanthon compound that is abundant in pericarp of mangosteen. This study focused to evaluate anticancer activity of the ethanolic extract of pericarp of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) on WiDr colon cancer cells and to observe the affinity of alpha-mangosteen in inhibiting IKK and VEGF. Cytotoxic effect was tested by MTT assay and apoptosis induction was evaluated by double staining method on WiDr colon cancer cells, while interaction between alpha-mangosteen to the receptors was measured by molecular docking. The ethanolic extract was proven to have cytotoxic activity against WiDr colon cancer cells with IC50 of 25 µg/mL. In addition, the observation of apoptosis induction by double-staining method showed that apoptosis associated the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of pericarp of mangosteen (EPM) on WiDr colon cancer cells. Molecular docking showed that active compounds in pericarp of mangosteen could compete with the native ligand of VEGF because the docking score of alpha-mangosteen was almost equal with native ligand. From these results we could be concluded that the cytotoxic effect of EPM to WiDr cells was mediated by cell apoptosis. This extract was potential to be developed as chemopreventive agent.Keywords : Garcinia mangostana Linn., cytotoxic effect, apoptosis, WiDr cell, molecular docking
Effects of oxygen concentration on the passivation of Si-containing steel during high-temperature oxidation
Authors: Yuan Qing , Xu Guang , Liang Weicheng , Zhou Mingxing , Hu Haijiang
Published: February 2018

The relationship between the passivation period of Si-containing steel and oxygen concentrations was investigated by conducting the oxidizing experiments employing four different oxygen concentrations on a simultaneous thermal analyzer (STA) at a heating temperature of 1260°C. The results show that the duration of passivation period increased with the increasing oxygen concentration. Moreover, the passivation period occurred at the oxygen concentrations ranging from 2.0 vol.% to 3.0 vol.%, whereas no visible passivation period was observed at the oxygen concentrations ≤1.5 vol.%. In addition, the oxidation mass gain versus time followed a linear relationship before the passivation period, which lasted for about 20 min when the mixed binary atmosphere was introduced into the sample chamber right from the beginning of the heating process.
Effect of 60 and 90 days of isotretinoin treatment on the structure of the small intestine mucosa in young male Wistar rats
Authors: Thomazini Bruna Fontana , Dolder Mary Anne Heidi
Published: February 2018

Isotretinoin is a substance used in cases of severe acne and acne resistant to other treatments. This skin disease affects patients of all ages and can interfere with social life, especially in adolescents. The drug acts by suppressing sebaceous gland activity and creating an inhospitable environment for Propionibacterium acne. The integrity of the small intestine is important for correct nutrition and patient treatment. We intended to assess the small intestine structure after treatment with 5 mg/kg isotretinoin solution and after a period without the drug, which could be considered a rest period. Young male Wistar rats (n=24) were separated into 4 groups (n=6): C: water; D0: soybean oil; D5a: 5 mg/kg; D5b: 5 mg/kg for 60 days followed by 30 days of rest period. Soybean oil was used to dilute the drug and it was offered daily by gavage. The animals were euthanized and the duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected for analysis with light and scanning electron microscopy. The treatment stimulated tissue proliferation in the jejunum and ileum but had no significant effect in the duodenum. The results also showed a modification in goblet cell frequency in the duodenum and ileum. A further finding was that some modifications disappeared during the rest period. The protocol showed that the small intestine was somewhat altered by the treatment yet no lasting damage was caused.
Pharmacological intervention with oxidative burst in human neutrophils
Authors: Nosáľ Rado , Drábiková Katarína , Jančinová Viera , Mačičková Tatiana , Pečivová Jana , Perečko Tomáš , Harmatha Juraj
Published: February 2018

In this study we investigated the effect of five therapeutically used drugs and four natural polyphenolic compounds on the mechanism of oxidative burst of human neutrophils concerning their participation in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The compounds investigated decreased the oxidative burst of whole blood in the rank order of potency: N-feruloylserotonin > quercetin > curcumin > arbutin > dithiaden > carvedilol. The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species in isolated neutrophils decreased in the same rank order, while carvedilol was ineffective. Scavenging of extracellular oxygen radicals followed the rank order of potency: N-feruloylserotonin > curcumin > quercetin > dithiaden. Arbutin and carvedilol had no effect. All compounds tested increased the activity of caspase-3 in cell-free system indicating a positive effect on apoptosis of neutrophils. Activation of protein kinase C was significantly decreased by dithiaden, curcumin, quercetin and N-feruloylserotonin. Carvedilol, dithiaden, quercetin and arbutin reduced activated neutrophil myeloperoxidase release more significantly compared with their less pronounced effect on superoxide generation The presented results are indicative of pharmacological intervention with neutrophils in pathological processes. Of particular interest was the effect of natural compounds. Intracellular inhibition of oxidative burst in isolated neutrophils by the drugs tested and natural antioxidants has to be further analysed since ROS play an important role in immunological responses of neutrophils.
Complexity of Acapulco Evolution as a Tourist Destination
Authors: Bergeret Muñoz Roger Joseph , León Alejandro Quintero , Escalante Mónica Corazón Gordillo
Published: February 2018

The paper analyzes diachronically the evolution and complexity of tourist activity in Acapulco, which was a very significant part of the history of Mexico in the 20th century and even centuries before, it was configured as Mexican icon of tourism for the world. This study is supported by evolution and complexity theories. The research presented is qualitative, inductive, diachronic and hermeneutical; relies on heuristics, criticism and synthesis. Applied materials were documentary, bibliographic and historical sources and statistical records on tourist activity. It is concluded that Acapulco, throughout the evolution history, has been an important factor in the economic, social and historical development, related to tourism, arising as an enclave of freedom, fantasy, imagination and hedonism, located on a life cycle of replenishment or rejuvenation in a sub-stage of stagnation although that is not what strategists, society and private initiative want, due changes in market behavior, complex actions are demarcated, they are not sustainable but still are being applied.
Empirical Study on Intercultural Collaboration in Project Teams: Preliminary Research Findings
Authors: Badzińska Ewa
Published: February 2018

The cross-cultural differences and the intercultural aspects of the collaboration have become increasingly prevalent over recent years. Undoubtedly, this diversity may generate different patterns of behavior in project teams. The research goal of the exploratory study is to identify advantages and obstacles to collaboration in multicultural teams at designing business solutions among Polish students – participants in intensive entrepreneurship programme (IP) within the framework of the international ECMT+ project1. In addition, the cognitive goal is to diagnose entrepreneurial attitudes and determinants of setting up one’s own company. During the two-week workshops in multicultural project teams in March 2017 at Karelia University in Finland, a participant observation method was applied. The main research method was, however, a semi-structured direct interview based on a questionnaire. Respondents were chosen purposeful and included six Polish students from Poznan University of Technology who carried out business projects in six multicultural teams – in total 48 participants were from 14 countries worldwide. The obtained results of the study point to measurable benefits of intercultural collaboration in project teams. Great commitment of the teams to achieve the goal and their healthy competition all remain noteworthy. Undoubtedly, however, a great diversity of attitudes and views in multicultural teams, national experiences and entrepreneurial knowledge make it necessary to overcome additional barriers, especially those with cultural backgrounds. The main limitation to the study is the non-representativeness of the sample and being limited to Polish participants. The findings presented in the article are very preliminary and further investigation in this field is necessary, i.e. comparative studies covering the remaining workshop participants.
Towards Corporate Wellness: Health Culture and Wellness Programs
Authors: Mazur Barbara , Mazur-Małek Marta
Published: February 2018

The aim of the article is to present wellness programs as means leading to the creation of culture of health in organizations. The notion of culture of health is becoming increasingly important for companies as statistics show that the number of health-related work problems is steadily increasing. As a result, labor costs are systematically increasing. To tackle this problem, companies began to introduce health and wellness programs to improve the psychophysical health of their employees. The article includes an overview of the concept of health-promoting company culture. It also identifies factors determining its success among employees, defines factors that limit employee participation and presents good practices for disease prevention through employee-oriented programs. This article is based on a literature review, including both: literature and statistical data available in official data bases. In many cases, research confirms the usefulness of wellness programs in the process of building a corporate culture of health. It also shows factors limiting the usability of such programs, which leads to companies being able to develop and improve.
The status and population changes of the Little Owl(Athene noctua)in the south of Békés county (Hungary)
Authors: Bozó László , Csathó András István
Published: February 2018

Between 1995 and 2017 we carried out surveys on the Little Owl(Athene noctua)in Battonya town and Kevermes village in southern Békés county. In 2007 and 2017 we have surveyed nesting sites in the village and the outer areas of Kevermes. The population of the species was estimated at the beginning of the breeding season and in early summer with field observations. Between 1995 and 2017 we collected road-kill data within the entire administrative area of Battonya. We registered each fiund road-killed Little Owl. We found 64 road-kills in Battonya. The number of casualties of the species has increased unambiguously over the studied 23 years. Most of the road-killed Little Owls (53 individuals, 82.81% of the total) were found in summer (June–August). 51 road-killed individuals (79.69%) were noted in the outer areas of Battonya, and 13 specimens (20.31%) in the town. Our results highlight that vehicle traffic is an important mortality factor for the population. The Little Owl has a large population in this landscape, and the population size has increased over the last decade. In the background of this increase is most likely the rise in the number of abandoned houses because of the unfavourable economic and social situation in the region. The local pairs nested only on attics and roof structures in Kevermes, often in residential buildings. The buildings of modern agriculture do not meet the needs of the species. A large part of the population breeds in the village, because with the disappearance of the farms the breeding pairs of the outer areas of Kevermes have disappeared. However, in Battonya the species regularly breeds in the outer areas of the town. Finally, we also collected some ethnoecological data on how local people relate to the species.
The prey composition of the Barn Owl(Tyto alba)with respect to landscape structure of its hunting area (Zala County, Hungary)
Authors: Szép Dávid , Klein Ákos , Purger Jenő J.
Published: February 2018

The prey composition of the Barn Owl(Tyto alba)can be monitored indirectly by pellet analysis and we used this method to investigate less known small mammal species of Zala County. The number and abundance of small mammal species depend on the structure of the landscape of Barn Owls’ hunting area, therefore we analysed landscape features in the surrounding circles with 2 km radius around the sampling sites. In 2016 we collected 1106 pellets from 13 sampling localities. From the pellets we identified 21 species of 3022 individuals of small mammals (more than 98% of prey). Among the 21 species there was the rare Parti-colured Bat(Vespertilio murinus)and a new species for the county the Steppe Mouse(Mus spicilegus). Positive correlation was found between the diversity of the small mammal fauna of each sampling site and the landscape complexity (number of the landscape patches) of the Barn Owl hunting area. Relative abundance of the Wood Mouse(Apodemus sylvaticus)showed positive correlation with the number of landscape patches, while the abundance of the Lesser White-toothed Shrew(Crocidura suaveolens), the Miller’s Water Shrew(Neomys anomalus), the Striped Field Mouse(Apodemus agrarius)and the Harvest Mouse(Micromys minutus)was higher in hunting areas with more homogenous landscapes. Significant correlations were found between the relative abundance of some small mammal species and the landscape structure of the potential hunting area of owls that confirmed the consistency in habitat preference of some species. Our results proved that the prey-composition of Barn Owls reflects the land use through the distribution and abundance of small mammal species, therefore this method is suitable for ecological analyses of landscape.
Hitchhikers’ guide to analysing bird ringing data
Authors: Harnos Andrea , Csörgő Tibor , Fehérvári Péter
Published: February 2018

This paper is the third part of our bird ringing data analysis series (Harnos et al. 2015a, 2016a) in which we continue to focus on exploring data using the R statistical environment. Here, we give a short description of missing data patterns, then handling and visualization techniques that help simultaneously explore the data and the structure of missing values. We try to emphasize that missing data can seriously distort the results of the analyses, therefore the conclusions drawn.
Controversial alternative diets in the light of current dietary recommendations for overweight and obesity treatment
Authors: Goral Karolina , Siwiela-Tomaszczyk Justyna , Krzyszycha Renata , Skrzypek Michał
Published: February 2018

The objective of the study is a critical analysis of the selected alternative diets used in the treatment of obesity inconsistent with the recommended standards, from the perspective of clinical dieticians, based on up-to-date guidelines for dietary management of obesity. Attention was paid to the assumptions of the selected alternative diets, some physiological mechanisms related with their use, as well as the deficit of data pertaining their distant effectiveness and safety. In the context of the current epidemiological situation concerning the prevalence of obesity, it is justifiable to undertake actions aimed at the professionalization of dietary management in obesity, consisting in the application of the treatment methods based on data generated in the EBM paradigm, with a simultaneous indication and criticism of dietary pseudo-therapies with unconfirmed curative value which, in addition, do not guarantee the reduction of the risk of metabolic complications of obesity.
Efficient enhancement in polyethylene biodegradation as a consequence of oxidative fragmentation promoted by pro-oxidant/pro-degradant metal stearate
Authors: Kérouani Samira , Djerboua Ferhat , Sadoun Tahar
Published: February 2018

We report an investigation on the effect of iron and cobalt stearates as pro-degradants and their synergetic effect on the oxidation and subsequently the biodegradation behavior of low density polyethylene (LDPE) film. For this, LDPE films containing different amounts of these additives were prepared and characterized upon exposure to accelerated thermal and photo-oxidation. The analysis shows that the films underwent a significant degradation as monitored by carbonyl index, changes in the crystallinity, in the onset of decomposition temperature and hydrophobicity. The tendency to biodegradation of the oxidized LDPE, with and without pro-oxidant/pro-degradant, was then assessed through the soil burial and the aqueous medium techniques. After an incubation period of 120 days, samples were characterized by means of structural changes and cumulative CO2 emissions. During the incubation in both soil and aqueous medium, the fragmented films with pro-oxidant/pro-degradant showed a significant decrease in oxygenated moieties present initially in the polymer and formed during the accelerated ageing when compared with LDPE without pro-oxidant/pro-degradant, and the biodegradation in the different environment was highly effective following the order LDPE/Co>LDPE/Co/Fe>LDPE/Fe>LDPE and in the range of 13–45% of mineralization after 120 days in aqueous medium and 13–29% in solid medium. These results suggest the role of pro-oxidant/pro-degradant and specially their mixture and the natural environment in oxidation and degradation of LDPE samples and in the mineralization process of oxidized fragments.
Influence of high temperatures on technical state of streets and roads structures with asphalt surfacing
Authors: Dicu Mihai , Mirza Isam , Pavăl Flavius - Florin
Published: February 2018

In this paper will be presented the influence of high temperatures on asphalt street pavement in terms of the influence of temperature on permanent deformations and thus the technical condition of the streets, comparable to the effects induced on extra-urban roads.

Environmental factors are one of the mayn factors being assaulted in operation and road structures are very important in terms of the influence they can have on the state road transport technical infrastructure.

Will be presented differences between urban road structures (streets) and extra-urban (road) both in terms of construction, the demands of traffic and environmental conditions to which they are subject.

Road structures extra-urban and urban areas are required differently in terms of the environmental conditions of the location ambient different thereof, that is, when the streets they are inside localities and the built environment significantly affect road infrastructure, unlike in the case of roads where they are located just outside the settlements, reducing the effect of air currents accumulation pavement surface temperature.

To demonstrate the influence of high temperatures on the pavement were conducted laboratory tests on asphalt mixtures in order to demonstrate the occurrence of reduction of physical characteristics, with adverse implications on the performance of applications similar to traffic.
Multisensorisches Messsystem zur Untersuchung der Übertragungseigenschaften von Topographiesensoren
Authors: Hagemeier Sebastian , Lehmann Peter
Published: February 2018

Die Charakterisierung eines Messinstruments zur Topographiemessung erfolgt durch die Messung bekannter Strukturen oder durch den Vergleich mit Referenzgeräten. Exakte Vergleichsmessungen bei unterschiedlicher Aufspannung des Messobjektes gestalten sich in der Praxis jedoch als schwierig, da Umgebungseinflüsse, Winkel zwischen Messobjekt und Messgerät, sowie die Position des Messfeldes nicht immer exakt übereinstimmen.

In diesem Beitrag wird ein Multisensor Mess- und Referenzsystem vorgestellt, welches Vergleichsmessungen zwischen verschiedenen Sensoren in einer Aufspannung ermöglicht. Dabei werden drei kommerzielle Sensoren (AFM, Tastschnittgerät und Konfokalmikroskop) als Referenzmessgeräte und zwei in Eigenentwicklung entstandene Interferometer (Mirau-Interferometer und fasergekoppelter High-Speed-Punktsensor) verwendet. Vergleichsmessungen mit den Referenzsensoren erlauben die Charakterisierung und Verbesserung der Interferometer, sowie die Untersuchung auftretender optischer Effekte an kritischen Messoberflächen.

Neben dem Gesamtkonzept des Multisensor-Messsystems wird auf die Funktionsweise der eingesetzten Sensoren eingegangen. Darauf basierend werden von den unterschiedlichen Sensoren gemessene Oberflächentopographien präsentiert, welche die Schwierigkeiten einer genauen Wiedergabe der Oberfläche demonstrieren. Hinsichtlich der dargestellten Messergebnisse liegen die Schwerpunkte auf dem Mirau-Interferometer und dem fasergekoppelten High-Speed-Punktsensor.
A New Chaotic Flow with Hidden Attractor: The First Hyperjerk System with No Equilibrium
Authors: Ren Shuili , Panahi Shirin , Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Akgul Akif , Pham Viet-Thanh , Jafari Sajad
Published: February 2018

Discovering unknown aspects of non-equilibrium systems with hidden strange attractors is an attractive research topic. A novel quadratic hyperjerk system is introduced in this paper. It is noteworthy that this non-equilibrium system can generate hidden chaotic attractors. The essential properties of such systems are investigated by means of equilibrium points, phase portrait, bifurcation diagram, and Lyapunov exponents. In addition, a fractional-order differential equation of this new system is presented. Moreover, an electronic circuit is also designed and implemented to verify the feasibility of the theoretical model.
Eight Weeks of Strength and Power Training Improves Club Head Speed in Collegiate Golfers
Authors: Oranchuk Dustin J. , Mannerberg Jason M. , Robinson Tracey L. , Nelson Megan C.
Published: February 2018

Oranchuk, DJ, Mannerberg, JM, Robinson, TL, and Nelson, MC. Eight weeks of strength and power training improves club head speed in collegiate golfers. J Strength Cond Res 34(8): 2205–2213, 2020—Club head speed (CHS) is a major determinant of drive distance, a key component of golf performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the indirect effects of an 8-week strength and power program on CHS. Twelve (6 men, 6 women) NCAA Division II golfers (20.3 ± 1.5 years) randomly assigned to an intervention or control group underwent either a periodized strength and power program consisting of high-load barbell movements or a bodyweight and rotational movement focused resistance training program. Outcomes were CHS, countermovement jump (CMJ) height, and 1RM back squat (BS), power clean (PC), and deadlift (DL). Dependent t-tests were used to assess differences in outcome variables pre-to-post for each group, independent t-tests were used to assess differences between groups, and Pearson correlations were used to assess associations between CHS and outcome variables. On average, the intervention group experienced improvements in all outcome variables except peak CHS (p = 0.60); the control group displayed no changes in any outcome variable except a decrease in average CHS (p = 0.028). Compared with the control group, the intervention group experienced greater improvements in average CHS, BS, PC, and average and peak CMJ height (p ≤ 0.05). Additionally, CHS had large associations with PC (r = 0.70, p = 0.012), BS (r = 0.64, p = 0.025), DL (r = 0.54, p = 0.068) and CMJ (r = 0.73, p = 0.007). These results suggest that improving muscular strength and power by increasing PC, BS, and CMJ is associated with increased CHS in collegiate golfers. Integrating a high-load, barbell-focused strength and power program may be beneficial for improving CHS and indirectly, golf performance.
Ocean dinitrogen fixation and its potential effects on ocean primary production in Earth system model simulations of anthropogenic warming
Authors: Riche O. G. J. , Christian J. R.
Published: February 2018

Dinitrogen fixation (DNF) provides a large fraction of the ‘new’ nitrogen supporting upper ocean productivity, and is associated with environmental conditions likely to show substantial change under anthropogenic warming. For example, surface warming induces stronger stratification, weaker nutrient supply and more rapid nutrient depletion. Using six Earth System Models, we have examined spatial patterns and trends of DNF in the CMIP5 historical and RCP 8.5 experiments. Four models (CanESM2, CESM1-BGC, IPSL-CM5R-LR, and UVicESCM) show high DNF rates in warm, stratified waters mostly associated with the western parts of the ocean basins, while GFDL-ESM2M and MPI-ESM-LR show elevated rates near the eastern boundaries because of coupling of DNF and denitrification. Despite a growing body of data, the spatial pattern of DNF is still insufficiently resolved by available observations, and none of the models agrees well with the observations. Modelled and observed rates are mostly in the same general range except for UVicESCM, and frequency distributions are similar, but spatial pattern correlations are weak and in most cases not statistically significant. Only a few models show strong trends in DNF and primary production in a warming climate, and the signs of the trends are inconsistent. Observations of primary production at the benchmark subtropical station ALOHA (22.75°N, 158°W) and proxies for historical DNF from the same region appear to corroborate trends in CanESM2 that are not present in other models. However, the CanESM DNF parameterization does not include any limitation by P or Fe, so modelled future trends may not materialize due to nutrient limitation. Analysis of available models and observations suggests that our understanding of environmental controls on ocean DNF remains limited and future trends are highly uncertain. Long-term global simulations of DNF will only be meaningful if we maintain long-term observations and extend coverage to undersampled regions.
Ansiedade e depressão pré-operatória: diferenças entre pacientes submetidos à primeira cirurgia cardíaca
Authors: Kazitani Bruna Sonego , Furuya Rejane Kiyomi , Dantas Rosana Aparecida Spadoti , Dessotte Carina Aparecida Marosti
Published: February 2018

Objetivo: comparar os sintomas pré-operatórios de ansiedade e depressão entre pacientes submetidos à primeira cirurgia cardíaca. Métodos: estudo observacional, analítico, de corte transversal. Uma amostra consecutiva e não probabilística foi constituída por pacientes submetidos às cirurgias cardíacas eletivas, sem descompensação clínica no dia da entrevista. Para avaliação dos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão foi utilizado o Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A comparação dos sintomas foi realizada com o teste de Mann-Whitney, α=5,0%. Resultados: participaram do estudo 80 pacientes submetidos à primeira cirurgia e 19 à reoperação. Pacientes da primeira cirurgia apresentaram mediana de seis e os reoperados de quatro na medida de depressão (p=0,107). Nos sintomas de ansiedade, pacientes da primeira cirurgia apresentaram a mediana de oito e os reoperados de seis (p=0,171). Conclusão: os escores de ansiedade e depressão foram maiores entre os pacientes submetidos à primeira cirurgia, mas não foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos.
Capabilities for providing socially beneficial services to consumers in low-income markets
Authors: Gebauer Heiko , Haldimann Mirella , Saul und Caroline Jennings
Published: February 2018

Providing socially beneficial services to people living close to the poverty line is an exceptionally complex task, due to limited disposable income for such services and little knowledge to understand the actual service benefits. In addition, service providers face capability constraints to provide these types of services. This article examines capabilities for providing services to consumers in low-income markets. Based on a multiple case study on providing drinking water as a service, we show that service providers require three capabilities: (a) adapting the service operation model, (b) converting latent customer needs into value-added services, and (c) extending the customer portfolio. These capability descriptions advance previous capability descriptions about services for low-income consumers.
USO E OCUPAÇÃO DO SOLO NO MUNICÍPIO DE MARAPANIM/PA, COM BASE NOS DADOS DO PROJETO TERRACLASS PARA OS ANOS DE 2008 E 2010
Authors: Alves Raynon , Gonçalves Wanderson , Gonçalves Janaina , Nunes Gabriel , Magno-Silva Elis , Maia Janaina , Adami Marcos , Narvaes Igor
Published: February 2018

As atividades humanas sobre a terra causam modificação na paisagem no transcorrer do tempo e o sensoriamento remoto gera dados que permitem analisar tais mudanças. Neste sentido, o presente estudo objetivou analisar o uso e ocupação do solo no município de Marapanim, localizado no nordeste do Pará, utilizando como base os dados do TerraClass referentes as classes temáticas mapeadas e monitoradas nos anos de 2008 e 2010. Para tanto, utilizou-se o banco de dados do Projeto TerraClass e os limites municipais estabelecidos pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, que com o uso do aplicativo SPRING, versão 5.2.4, pode se elaborar um mapa temático da cidade com relação às áreas alteradas e não alteradas e também realizou-se a tabulação cruzada dos dados. Pode-se verificar que a região da água doce do município de Marapanim apresentou maiores alterações, principalmente nas classes mosaicos de ocupações e vegetação secundária. Estas alterações podem decorrer da forte presença de agricultores itinerantes no local, e cujo sistema de produção se caracteriza por um modelo meramente extrativista baseado em atividades e técnicas agrícolas rudimentares e incoerentes à conservação do solo, as demais classes estudadas não sofreram alterações significativas. O grande número de áreas não observadas pode ter influenciado nos resultados, portanto faz-se necessário um estudo de campo com as comunidades do município.
EVOLUÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS CONSERVACIONISTAS E A CRIAÇÃO DE UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO NO VALE DO ITAJAÍ-SC
Authors: Garrote Martin Stabel , Dambrowski Vanessa , Dos Santos Gilberto Friedenreich , Amaro Jaqueline Gonçalves
Published: February 2018

No Brasil o processo de ocupação e uso do solo causou uma drástica redução da cobertura florestal do Bioma Mata Atlântica. A principal política de conservação foi a criação de Unidades de Conservação (UCs). A pesquisa analisou o processo de criação das UCs no Vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Identificaram-se 27 UCs, 3 na esfera federal, 3 estaduais e 21 municipais. Destas 5 antecederam a ECO 92. As UCs foram criadas com objetivos específicos por questões locais, como no caso da Reserva Biológica da Canela Preta (1980) e do Sassafrás (1977), para proteger espécies exploradas e ameaçadas, e a Floresta Nacional de Ibirama (1965) para a produção e distribuição de mudas nativas e exóticas para reposição das florestas exploradas. Após a ECO 92 foram criadas 22 UCs no Vale do Itajaí, convergindo com as políticas nacionais de conservação.
TINTAS ECOLÓGICAS A PARTIR DE MINERAIS ENCONTRADOS NA COSTA MARANHENSE
Authors: Sales Fábio Henrique Silva , Costa Thays O
Published: February 2018

O estudo se propôs a investigar a viabilidade da utilização da argila situada na costa maranhense no desenvolvimento de uma tinta baseada em sua composição e que pudesse servir posteriormente para construções voltadas para a sustentabilidade. Após cuidadosa revisão bibliográfica sobre assuntos relacionados ao tema, foram feitas visitas aos locais identificados como ideais para a coleta da argila a ser usada, a fim de se catalogar as tonalidades encontradas em campo e selecionar as técnicas de produção de tintas mais apropriadas. No laboratório, foram feitos testes a fim de se identificar a melhor técnica a ser usada para uma produção em maior escala das tintas para serem aplicadas posteriormente como revestimento de pequenas construções sustentáveis locais, instituições de ensino público e quadros. Após um período de observação do desempenho da tinta fabricada, foi produzido relatório com a análise de suas propriedades e das vantagens e desvantagens do seu uso.
GOVERNANÇA DEMOCRÁTICA EM REDE: O POSICIONAMENTO DAS ONGs DE VIÇOSA - MG
Authors: Oliveira Pâmela M. Martins , Oliveira Pamela Torres de , Tavares Bruno
Published: February 2018

O artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a interação existente entre ONGs e outras instituições como órgãos públicos, consórcios, terceiro setor e empresa privadas a partir de uma perspectiva de análise de rede e de governança democrática. Uma vez identificada o desenho da estrutura dessa rede por meio do uso do software Pajek®, foi realizada a análise do seu comportamento a fim de compreender as relações empíricas e técnicas instauradas nestas entidades. O desenho da rede foi avaliado por meio das análise de características que revelam a densidade, núcleos e centralidade das relações estabelecidas. O estudo apontou que muito do potencial dessas ONGs nos processos de trocas de informação e aprendizagem coletiva poderiam estar sendo melhor utilizado.
DE INICIANTES A VANGUARDISTAS: O USO DE TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS POR JOVENS PROFESSORES
Authors: Reis Valdeci , Mendes Geovana Mendonça Lunardi
Published: February 2018

Compreender os usos que jovens professores fazem das tecnologias digitais em sala de aula é um dos desafios deste texto. Para isso, o artigo discute três perfis: iniciantes, moderados e vanguardistas.  A partir dos resultados, que são um recorte de uma pesquisa realizada no âmbito do Mestrado em Educação, apresentamos aqui os desafios e as estratégias do uso das TICs por jovens professores. A pesquisa qualitativa (MINAYO, 2014) com abordagem etnográfica virtual (MATTOS, 2011; SALES, 2012), fez uso da técnica Snowball (GOODMAN, 1961; DEWES, 2013). O estudo problematiza as narrativas de doze jovens docentes à luz de temas como ubiquidade (SANTAELLA, 2016; 2013; 2004; BURBULES, 2014), desafios da docência na era digital (CASTEELS, 2015; KERCKHOVE, 2016), e integração das TICs na prática pedagógica (BONILLA E PRETTO, 2015). O estudo conclui que os jovens professores tendem a usar com mais intensidade as tecnologias em situação de aula, mas isso não está relacionado apenas ao fato deles serem usuários imersos de artefatos tecnológicos na sua vida pessoal. O fator principal que impulsiona esses docentes a desenvolverem práticas pedagógicas inovadoras, especificamente no caso estudado, está relacionado à aproximação que eles tiveram com as TICs na licenciatura e o aprofundamento dessa temática via cursos extracurriculares ou pós-graduação.
Cobertura, ocupação do solo e erosão no entorno da Laguna Guaraíras/RN, Brasil
Authors: Gomes Erick Jordan da Silva , Batista Ivaniza Sales , Lima Zuleide Maria Carvalho
Published: February 2018

As zonas costeiras são espaços bastante dinâmicos e complexos, de elevada fragilidade e instabilidade natural. As intensas modificações acarretadas pelas ações antrópicas no ambiente costeiro são agravantes significativos na acentuação dos processos erosivos. Este artigo objetiva-se analisar a ocupação e cobertura do solo no entorno da Laguna de Guaraíras, RN, associando-os com a acentuação dos processos erosivos locais. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados, pautaram-se na efetivação de pesquisas bibliográfica e de campo, produções cartográficas, análises dos processos erosivos atrelados a cobertura ocupação do solo na área de estudo. Os resultados encontrados demonstram que a área do entorno da laguna vem sendo historicamente ocupada e preenchida pelas mais diversas atividades humanas, Agricultura, Pastagem, área urbana e Carcinicultura são algumas das mais representativas, e sua existência e principalmente a atividade constante causa sérios impactos ao meio ambiente, como a erosão costeira, visivelmente presente e altamente susceptível a ser acentuada
INCORPORAÇÃO DE MONTMORILONITA ORGANOFÍLICA EM TERMOPLÁSTICOS PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE NANOCOMPÓSITOS
Authors: Barbalho Gustavo Henrique
Published: February 2018

Nanocompósitos foram preparados utilizando argila montmorilonita organofílica, como reforço, a matriz termoplástica de Polietileno de Alta Densidade (PEAD). Os nanocompósitos foram preparados pelo método de mistura no estado fundido convencional, com diferentes frações do reforço (1 e 2,5%) em massa, em seguida moldados por injeção.  As caracterizações da argila organofílica foram feitas por fluorescência de Raios X (FRX), difração de Raios X (DRX), termogravimetria (TG e DTA) e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (FTIR). A caracterização dos nanocompósitos através microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET) e propriedades mecânicas de tração. Através dos resultados mecânicos de tração, a concentração da argila, a dispersão e sua interação com a matriz, influenciam diretamente na resistência a tração dos corpos de prova. As imagens de MET revelaram as morfologias dos nanocompósitos, apresentando estruturas parcialmente esfoliadas com predominância de alguns aglomerados.