bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Principios críticos de educación. De la teoría a la práctica
Authors: Nadal Masegosa Antonio
Published: September 2024

«Odio la política». ¿Cuántas veces lo oímos? O «yo de política no entiendo, o no hablo». Cuando se conoce a nuevas personas, la indicación clásica es no hablar de política, religión o fútbol. Sin embargo, toda la legislación del sistema de enseñanza es realizada por la clase política, y obedece a políticas. Grupos religiosos gestionan colegios, institutos y universidades, y es habitual ver a niñas y niños con camisetas de equipos de fútbol. ¿Hasta cuándo se hablará de educación ignorando que está directamente relacionada con todo aquello de lo que teóricamente no se puede casi ni mencionar, y habrá libros que no aborden todo ello? En asignaturas en facultades de Educación, ¿cuántos temas directamente relacionados con la realidad, y con quienes determinan lo que realmente pasa, se seguirán ignorando, permanecerán fuera del temario, tendrán la etiqueta de tabú? La educación no es un ente abstracto. En manos de Estados, de instituciones que están por encima de ellos, de familias, de todo tipo de organizaciones, todo pretende estar atado, y bien atado. Si no entendemos que lo más probable es que cualquier escrito en una red (anti)social de alguien como Mbappé tenga más influencia –sea educativo o no– que lo que diga cualquier docente, mal vamos. Si como profesionales de la enseñanza –o formándonos para serlo– no comprendemos la teoría del mundo en el que vivimos, será imposible que lo mostremos, nuestra práctica seguirá siendo totalmente beneficiosa para continuar con la vida de privilegios y desigualdades mundiales en la que nos encontramos, incluso los genocidios a nuestro alrededor «no serán nuestro problema». Si think tanks, lobbies, OCDE, neuromarketing, nomofobia, interseccionalidad, lo que hay tras TikTok o Instagram o similares; si temas como fuentes primarias, problemas reales de la enseñanza que son silenciados… nos son ajenos, entonces este libro aporta acerca de todo ello, pues los principios críticos de educación solo lo serán si están conectados con lo que hay más allá de las aulas. ¿Quién gana cuando no se habla de lo que determina casi todo? Mira a quién beneficia y verás al culpable…
Debris Index before and after gargling with moringa leaves
Authors: Putri Zahra Aulia , Lestari Syifa Yulia , Ngatemi Ngatemi
Published: September 2024

Background: Dental and oral hygiene is one of the factors that trigger dental caries. Preventive efforts can be made to anticipate oral health problems, one of which is gargling. The chemical mouthwash ingredient that is often used is chlorhexidin, while if used for a long time it can cause side effects in the form of bacterial resistance and discomfort. Therefore, the need for natural ingredients to minimize side effects that can arise cheap, safe and effective natural ingredients for gargling, one of which is moringa leaves. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the debris index before and after gargling with moringa reduce water in TPQ Al-Barokah Bojonggede students in 2024. Methods: This research method is quasi experiment research.  This study was conducted with a sample of 30 students obtained using purposive sampling technique.  The instrument used was the debris index examination sheet. Results: The difference of the debris index score before and after gargling with moringa reduce water is 0.43. With an average debris index score before gargling is 1,56 and the average debris index score after gargling is 1,13. Conclusion: It can be concluded that after gargling with moringa reduce water can reduce the debris index score.
Busy board media as an effort to increase knowledge caries prevention of early childhood
Authors: Ariyani Destika , Noviani Nita , Widiyastuti Rini
Published: September 2024

Background: Oral and dental health is an important component of Health. Dental caries is common especially in children caused by sweet foods, such as chocolate, candy, and cakes, easily sticking to the teeth. To maintain the health of the teeth and mouth by providing counseling in the form of educational games (APE) such as busy board which provides a variety of activities arranged in one board, aims to keep children engaged and busy in the learning process. Objective: To describe the analysis of busy board media as an effort to increase knowledge of early childhood. Method : is descriptive with a total of 50 respondents using a total sampling. Type of data used is primary data obtained directly by observation using evaluation media busy board pre-test and post-test. The instrument used is busy board and check sheet. Results: The results of the study before the counseling with the evaluation of the busy board is good category as many as 41 ( 82%) respondents, knowledge with sufficient category as many as 8 (16%) respondents, and less knowledge as many as 1 (2%) respondents. After the extension of good category 50 (100%) there is no sufficient category and less (0%). Conclusion: There was an increase in knowledge after being given counseling on food to prevent caries and evaluation with a busy board by 18% and none of the respondents had less knowledge category
Management of insulin-dependent diabetes in low-resource countries: results from the chronic noncommunicable disease project in Iringa rural district of Tanzania
Authors: Maestri, M.
Published: September 2024

INTRODUZIONE Le malattie croniche non trasmissibili stanno vivendo una importante crescita del carico di malattia, soprattutto nei paesi a basso e medio-basso reddito. Tra di esse il diabete rappresenta un’importante sfida: la prevalenza è in crescita esponenziale in Africa, dove scarsità di accessibilità alle cure e di risorse rendono la problematica ancor più gravosa. La terapia insulinica in particolare è molto costosa e poco maneggevole. L’obiettivo dello studio è quello di trovare risposte ai bisogni emergenti della popolazione diabetica in questi contesti. MATERIALI E METODI È stato effettuato uno studio osservazionale retrospettivo e prospettico della popolazione diabetica in trattamento con insulina umana mista regolare/intermedia 30/70, nell’ambito del progetto chronic non-communicable diseases del CUAMM nell’ospedale di Tosamaganga in un’area rurale della Tanzania, paese a medio-basso reddito dell’Africa subsahariana. I dati sono stati estrapolati dal database del progetto e da interviste ai pazienti in trattamento insulinico attivo da marzo a agosto 2023. RISULTATI Sono stati riscontrati un miglioramento dei valori di glicemia, emoglobina glicata e peso nel tempo; una riduzione del numero di ricoveri, un netto miglioramento del performance status e un basso tasso di ipoglicemie maggiori. L’83.1% dei pazienti non possiede una assicurazione sanitaria, la maggior parte ha difficoltà economiche a supportare i costi del trasporto per recarsi a visita; il counseling ricevuto su terapia e stile di vita è ritenuto molto utile ed efficace. CONCLUSIONE L’insulina umana mista regolare/ intermedia 30/70 è efficace e sicura. Il basso costo e la maggiore maneggevolezza ne rende auspicabile l’utilizzo nei paesi a basse risorse per questioni di compliance e disponibilità economiche. Incrementare l’accesso alle cure e favorire personale qualificato è importante per migliorare la cura del diabete in paesi a basse risorse. PAROLE CHIAVE paesi a risorse limitate; malattie croniche non trasmissibili; diabete mellito; insulina umana mista regolare/intermedia 30/70.
Consumption of ultra-processed foods and noncommunicable diseases
Authors: Bonilauri, E.
Published: September 2024

Da sempre l’uomo ha sviluppato tecniche per trasformare e conservare gli alimenti. Con l’evolvere della tecnologia, si sono affinate tecniche volte non solo alla conservazione ma anche al miglioramento nutrizionale e della palatabilità dei cibi. I cibi ultra-processati (UPF) sono alimenti che hanno subito una serie di trasformazioni industriali comprendenti processi chimici e fisici complessi. Sono alimenti pronti al consumo o da riscaldare, che contengono, tra gli altri, ingredienti inusuali nella cucina tradizionale, come coloranti, conservanti, esaltatori di sapidità, edulcoranti e altri additivi. Il consumo di UPF è in aumento e rappresenta oggi una porzione significativa dell’energia alimentare nei paesi ad alto reddito. Questo articolo esamina criticamente la letteratura scientifica per chiarire la relazione tra il consumo tra UPF e la salute. Analizza anche i meccanismi biologici sottostanti e valuta l’impatto a lungo termine di questi alimenti sulla salute umana. La classificazione NOVA, utilizzata per identificare gli UPF, divide gli alimenti in quattro gruppi basati sul grado di trasformazione. Studi epidemiologici collegano il consumo eccessivo di UPF a obesità, malattie cardiovascolari, diabete mellito tipo 2. Anche se sono necessari studi per migliorare la classificazione degli UPF, ridurre il loro consumo e promuovere una dieta equilibrata, ricca di cibi minimamente trasformati, potrebbe avere un impatto positivo a lungo termine sulla salute pubblica. PAROLE CHIAVE: alimenti ultra-processati; trasformazione alimentare; classificazione NOVA; additivi; diabete mellito tipo 2.
L’impero, le libertates e la libertà
Authors: Quaglioni Diego
Published: September 2024

The author analyzes mature medieval legal thought to highlight, around normative and jurisdictional freedoms, the affirmation of both a doctrine and a practice of the freedom to rule (of the potestas condendi statute) of which the empire constituted the sovereign guarantee of an order anchored to the idea of ​​iurisdictio and the exercise of justice; the "pathologies" of power - the tyrannical degeneration or the evanescence of imperial authority - were therefore included in a Bartolo da Sassoferrato or in a Dante Alighieri (in his treatise on the empire) in the context of a vindication of the public character of freedom as a supreme legal good.
Gruppi sociali e libertà
Authors: Barbero Alessandro
Published: September 2024

Three well-defined nuclei of analysis - the revolts of the barons against the king, the people's movements against the magnates and the peasant uprisings against serfdom - are instead the object of the recognition of the imagination that mobilized these social groups carried out by the author by relying on the sources chronicles. The specific demands of libertas - whether those of the barons of the kingdom of Sicily, the popular Florentine Guelphs or the English rebels - always refer to a more universal and abstract conception of freedom, to be understood as a collective and not particular right. A freedom in the singular, therefore, brandished in conflicts that expressed requests for political participation in opposition to powers perceived as tyrannical or arbitrary, or to governments that excluded social groups from the political life of the community.
La libertà del popolo. Status popularis e libertas a Firenze, Siena, Lucca e Bologna nella seconda metà del Trecento
Authors: Poloni Alma
Published: September 2024

The author's contribution is dedicated to the Italian cities of communal tradition, which addresses a theme of long tradition, ideological as well as historiographical, namely the connection between libertas and the 'people' regime established, as is known at its origins, in the humanistic Florentine chancellery , of Western republicanism. The author shows how the connection took shape in the political reflection of some late 'people' regimes in Siena, Lucca and Bologna from the mid-fourteenth century when it became common for those involved in politics to think in terms of forms of government and to discuss their characteristics, their merits, their defects: it was in this melting pot that the belief took shape that the status popularis was a political regime preferable to any other because it was closely associated with the ideal of freedom.
La cultura dell’autonomia (Italia, sec. XIV)
Authors: Mineo E. Igor
Published: September 2024

The author identifies in the reflection and practice of fourteenth-century Italian cities with a communal tradition the development of a culture of autonomy that anticipated the 'republican' notion of freedom and political community later formalized by the Florentine chancellors, from Salutati to Bruni. The author investigates the privilege of autonomy as a condition that makes the action of individuals possible, highlighting how this freedom constituted one of the connotative traits of legitimate power and how the claim for freedom was socially inflected, aiming to marginalize the large components of "lower people" perceived as dangerous. The humanistic discontinuity consolidated the idea of ​​the natural disposition of artisans and merchants to preserve freedom in the cities they led, reformulating it in the nation of the free community as it was non-monarchical.
Una nota storiografica
Authors: Zorzi Andrea
Published: September 2024

The author outlines the framework of the studies moving from the twentieth-century perspective centered on demographic studies up to the attention dedicated by the most recent research to citizenship and the dynamics of belonging and exclusion from communities.
La mobilità del clero secolare nel tardo medioevo
Authors: Curzel Emanuele
Published: September 2024

The author analyzes the mobility of the secular clergy by focusing the analysis on the Alpine area with comparisons with other Italian areas such as the Apennine ones. In addition to a survey of the bishops, officials and canons, the author addresses with originality the non-homogeneous mobility of the lower clergy involved in liturgical celebrations (mansionari, parish priests, vicars, chaplains) of which the different reasons that caused it are provided.
Luoghi di incontro culturale e di protezione sociale per forestieri: confraternite e associazioni professionali
Authors: Gazzini Marina
Published: September 2024

The author highlights the importance of the meeting, protection and integration networks offered by brotherhoods and professional associations, focusing in particular on the former as a vehicle for cultural transmission and as a place of linguistic and cultural intermediation, and on the construction of a project ethical-pedagogical aimed at the affirmation of a citizen fully integrated into society.
Immigrati di lusso. Uomini d’affari forestieri e cittadinanza nelle maggiori città italiane nei decenni a cavallo tra Tre e Quattrocento
Authors: Poloni Alma
Published: September 2024

The author offers a contribution on the representation of citizenship in the major Italian cities in the decades between the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries based on a dense network of high-level relationships and without the burdens and fiscal pressures required in the formal one. Among those who received prestigious positions and often enjoyed privileges were rich businessmen, who tended to be reluctant to acquire citizenship due to the tax burdens that could arise from it.
Conclusioni
Authors: Albini Giuliana
Published: September 2024

The conclusions of the volume offer a synthetic look at the work with an eye to the future prospects of the studies.
«Tornate all'antico, sarà un progresso»
Authors: Di Girolamo Gabriele
Published: September 2024

Il presente scritto, avvalendosi di un approccio chiaramente giuridico ma anche storico e letterario, si propone di porre in evidenza come, per una piena comprensione delle dinamiche che governano i moderni ordinamenti liberaldemocratici e allo scopo di rivitalizzare le ragioni ideali della cultura del costituzionalismo che è alla base degli stessi, sia essenziale tornare ad interrogarsi sulle indicazioni di Teoria pura dello Stato già vivificate nell’elaborazione filosofica e negli equilibri istituzionali della civiltà greco-romana. Dopo una rapida indagine giuridica ed etimologica sull’origine del concetto di “costituzione”, si intende procedere a ricavare dalla speculazione classica le più rilevanti considerazioni in ordine a due fondamenti del costituzionalismo moderno: la sostanziale indefettibilità del “governo limitato” e la preminenza della legge come espressione della sovranità popolare.
The paper – employing a juridical, historical, and literary approach – aims to underscore the imperative nature of revisiting the tenets of State Theory, as invigorated in the philosophical discourse and institutional equilibrium of Classical Civilisation. This re-examination is deemed crucial not only for a comprehensive comprehension of the mechanisms governing contemporary Liberal Democratic systems, but also for the rejuvenation of the foundational ideals of the Culture of Constitutionalism on which these systems are built. After a rapid legal and etymological investigation on the origin of the concept of “constitution”, the research is to outline the most relevant evaluations derived from classical speculation on three foundations of modern Constitutionalism: the substantial indefectibility of “limited government”, the primacy of law as expression of the Popular sovereignty.
Tre metri quadri: lo spazio della dignità?
Authors: Carrassa Alberto
Published: September 2024

Il presente lavoro intende analizzare l’importanza del criterio spaziale nella valutazione della violazione dell’art. 3 CEDU. In particolare, nella prima parte dell’elaborato si procederà ad una premessa riguardante le condizioni che hanno portato all’introduzione dell’art. 35-ter o.p., disciplinante il rimedio compensativo attivabile dal detenuto in caso di violazione dell’art. 3 CEDU. Successivamente, si verificherà come il criterio spaziale, riconosciuto nel limite minimo di 3 mq per ogni detenuto, abbia assunto valore dirimente nella valutazione riguardante la violazione dell’art. 3 CEDU, fino alla innovativa sentenza Muršić c. Croazia del 2016. Il contributo analizzerà, infine, come la giurisprudenza nazionale ha applicato i criteri provenienti da Strasburgo. Dopo un primo periodo di titubanza nell’abbracciare una valutazione pienamente multifattoriale, infatti, si assiste, con l’ordinanza n. 3831/2023 del Magistrato di Sorveglianza di Firenze, a un nuovo concreto passo in avanti.
The following paper aims to analyze the significance of the spatial standard in assessing the violation of Article 3 of the ECHR. The first part of the paper will provide a premise regarding the conditions that led to the introduction of Article 35-ter o.p., which regulates the compensatory remedy available in case of violation of Article 3 of the ECHR. Subsequently, the paper will examine how the spatial standard, recognized in the minimum limit of 3 square meters per prisoner, has become decisive in the assessment of the violation of Article 3 of the ECHR, up to the 2016 case of Muršić v. Croatia. Finally, the paper will analyze how the national courts have applied the criteria emanating from Strasbourg. After an initial period of hesitation in embracing a fully multifactorial evaluation, the new ordinance no. 3831/2023 of the Surveillance Magistrate of Florence represents a new concrete step forward.
La due diligence degli stati nello spazio extra-atmosferico: alcune prime sfide della nuova era spaziale poste da attori privati
Authors: Campodonico Camilla
Published: September 2024

Il concetto di due diligence trova le proprie radici nella responsabilità internazionale dello Stato in materia di obblighi di condotta. Tuttavia, la persistente mancanza di una definizione e di standard precisi rappresenta una sfida. Questo articolo si propone di esplorare il concetto di due diligence nel diritto internazionale dello spazio extra-atmosferico. L’interesse nasce dalla necessità di studiare il contenuto degli obblighi internazionali di condotta degli Stati nella regolamentazione delle imprese spaziali sottoposte alla loro giurisdizione. Le attività spaziali, se non gestite attentamente, possono avere un impatto negativo dal punto di vista economico, securitario, sociale ed ambientale. Un’analisi delle conseguenze delle azioni nello spazio diventa, pertanto, fondamentale per prevenire potenziali impatti negativi.
The concept of due diligence finds its roots in the State’s international responsibility on obligations of conduct. However, the persistent lack of a precise definition and standards poses a challenge. This article aims to explore the concept of due diligence in international space law. The interest arises from the need to study the content of State’s international obligations of conduct in regulating space enterprises under their jurisdiction. Space activities, if not carefully managed, can have negative economic, security, social and environmental impacts. Therefore, an analysis of the consequences of actions in space becomes fundamental to prevent potential negative impacts.
Evaluation of Thyroid Hormone, Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Cystatin C Concentrations in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Abdullah Hussein Mohammed
Published: September 2024

The age of 20-≤71years old. Also, in the current study, 30 healthy people were taken as a control group. Findings of the current study revealed substantial variations between chronic kidney disease (CKD) levels. The results of the current study demonstrated significant differences in s. urea between studied groups. Whereas, s. urea levels in CKD patients (107.42±8.52), were demonstrated a significant (P≤0.05) elevated in compared to a control (19.35± 2.16). while, creatinine levels in CKD patients (6.81± 0.55) demonstrated a significant (P≤0.05) elevated in compared to a control (0.84± 0.19). T3 levels in the end stage (5.17± 0.14) indicated a significant (P≤0.05) reduced than in other CDK stages and control group (6.34±0.28). T4 levels in the end stage (7.17±0.14) were significantly lower (P≤0.05) than in other CDK stages and control group (10.44±0.31). Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in the end stage (2.83±0.12) increased significantly (P≤0.05) compared to other CDK stages and control group (1.52±0.24). In contrast, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) levels in the end stage (184.03±17.31) increased significantly (P≤0.05) as compared to other CDK stages and control group (5.16±0.45). Cystatin C level in CKD patients (17.11±1.94) was demonstrated a significant (P≤0.05) elevated in compared to a control (8.04±0.37). It is concluded from the study that CKD patients suffer from hypothyroidism based on hormone concentrations. The study also revealed a negative correlation between FGF-23 and Cystatin C levels with eGFR in CKD patients.
Promoting Intercommunity Relations for Effective Security and Peacebuilding along the Sokoto-Zamfara-Katsina Axis of the Nigeria-Niger Borderland
Authors: Sama’ila Abubakar
Published: September 2024

This article explores the emerging narratives surrounding the persistent phenomenon of armed banditry in the region. It focuses on the factors and actors driving banditry along the Nigeria-Niger borderlands. Using data from both primary and secondary sources, the study reveals that internal strife along the borderlands and the collapse of state control have facilitated the proliferation of small arms, significantly increasing the intensity of banditry in Nigeria's northwest. The research concludes that the prolonged neglect of border communities has deprived them of basic necessities, exacerbating the situation. As a result, Nigeria’s northwestern states—Sokoto, Zamfara, and Katsina, which border Niger—have become safe havens for raiders and bandits, who, in some cases, establish 'informal structures' of control over the borderland communities.
The Lord of us, Hyeonhi and Augustin! Please Receive our Poor Thanks to you, Amen! (Tcheonzamun 993rd-1000th)
Authors: Park Hyeonhi Regina , Kim Sangdeog Augustin
Published: September 2024

French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that ancient Chinese people used the book of ‘the thousand character essay’ for their children for instructing Chinese character. The thousand character essay is called as Tcheonzamun (千字文) in Korea (Han, 1583). For the present researchers, there are several methods for the translation of Tcheonzamun poem (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). The first method is on the basis of Korean pronunciation of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Kim, 2023). The second one is through the meaning of Chinese characters on Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021). For the present study, the second method was utilized (Park et al., 2021). And the range of the poem is usually 16 letters, but here in this work only 8 letters of (Tcheonzamun 993rd-1000th) were utilized. This is the study on the translation of Tcheonzamun poem (Tcheonzamun 993rd-1000th). The title of this study is ‘The Lord of us, Hyeonhi and Augustin! Please receive our poor thanks to you, amen! (Tcheonzamun 993rd-1000th)’. The theme of this research is as follows. 993-996 謂(Wi) 語(Eo) 助(Zo) 者(Za). My husband! Do you want to speak (謂) ill (語) of me (your wife) or other person? My husband! At first, please help (助) me (者) or the other person. 997-1000 焉(Eon) 哉(Zae) 乎(Ho) 也(Ya). My husband! Will you be superior to (焉) other person? Or do you want to keep your talents (哉)? My husband! You are to do the thing continuously (也). But this work must (乎) be done constantly.
Expert Perspectives on Prescription Practices and Management Strategies for Neuropathy and Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Indian Settings
Authors: S Manjula , M Krishna Kumar
Published: September 2024

Objective: To gather expert opinion regarding prescription practices and management strategies for neuropathy and vitamin B12 deficiency with a special focus on methylcobalamin among clinicians in Indian settings. Methodology: This cross-sectional study utilized a 24-item, multiple-response questionnaire to gather expert opinion from specialists in managing neuropathy and vitamin B12 deficiency. The survey encompassed questions about current prescription practices, clinical observations, preferences, and experiences related to managing neuropathy and vitamin B12 deficiency in patients in routine settings. Results: The survey included 81 experts, with more than half (62.96%) of clinicians identifying diabetes as a significant confounding factor for neuropathy in patients. As indicated by 46% and 44% of the clinicians, an appropriate diet for nutrition and maintaining glycemic levels helps to overcome the progression of neuropathy. A significant proportion of experts (60.49%) reported that 26% to 50% of patients with neuropathy have vitamin B12 deficiency. Additionally, 73% of clinicians noted that diabetes mellitus is a common co-morbid condition with vitamin B12 deficiency. In patients with neuropathy complications, 74% of clinicians preferred benfotiamine alongside vitamin B12. As stated by 44% of clinicians, besides those patients with neuropathy, elderly patients are also recommended with methylcobalamin 1500 mcg. About 43% of clinicians suggested a 12-week duration for prescribing a combination of benfotiamine and methylcobalamin for patients with neuropathy. Additionally, more than half (54.32%) of clinicians favored prescribing a combination of methylcobalamin 1500 mcg, pregabalin 75 mg, and nortriptyline 10 mg tablets to patients with chronic neuropathic pain. Conclusion: The survey highlights diabetes as a significant factor in neuropathy management, emphasizing the importance of nutrition and glycemic control. A high prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency is noted among diabetic patients with neuropathy, leading to recommendations for benfotiamine and methylcobalamin supplementation. Additionally, the use of combination therapy for chronic neuropathic pain demonstrates a comprehensive approach to improving patient outcomes.
Efficacy and Safety of Mebendazole in the Treatment of Intestinal Helminth Infections
Authors: Mohammed Othman M. , Khatlan Saif Al Deen M. , Noori Saif Subhi , Salam Ibrahim
Published: September 2024

Mebendazole was introduced in 1971 and is not soluble in water or other organic solvents, it is also not absorbed from the intestinal tract in a high-fat context. Both albendazole and mebendazole have a low rate of absorption in the human intestine. These drugs primarily target parasites in the stomach's lumen, and their metabolites are effective against parasites in the stomach's muscles and tissues. For instance, albendazole sulfoxide is the primary metabolite that possesses anthelmintic properties. Metabolites of mebendazole are expelled in the urine. Both drugs negatively affect the function of microtubules in parasites and mammalian cells, this results in the depletion of the parasites' glycogen stores. Current helminth control strategies involve periodic deworming with albendazole or mebendazole. However, concerns about drug resistance and the persistence of high prevalence rates suggest the need for additional strategies, such as improved water, sanitation, and hygiene, and optimized treatment regimens. Albendazole and mebendazole are highly effective against Ascaris lumbricoides, with a single dose of albendazole showing a cure rate of 96% and mebendazole showing a cure rate of 92.3%. Mebendazole's efficacy against hookworms varies, but a recommended dosing regimen improves effectiveness. Mebendazole's effectiveness against Trichuris trichiura depends on the dosing regimen. It is less effective against hymenolepiasis, where praziquantel is preferred. Mebendazole has also been used to treat Giardia lamblia infections. In summary, STH infections are a significant health issue, and albendazole and mebendazole are commonly used drugs for treatment. However, there is a need for additional strategies to address drug resistance and improve treatment efficacy. Mebendazole has potential side effects and should be used with caution, especially during pregnancy.
Response of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L) Varieties to Blended NPSZnB and Potassium Chloride Fertilizers Rates at Assosa District, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Desta
Published: September 2024

Potato production is constrained by a number of biotic and abiotic factors, among which poor soil fertility is the prime one. Thus, the objectives of the study were to evaluate effect of NPSZnB plus potassium chloride rates fertilizer on growth performance, yield and yield components of potato and to determine optimum fertilizer rate and economically feasible for potato production at target Assosa areas. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with split plot arrangement with three replications. Two potato varieties, Belete and Gudane were assigned to main plot whereas six blended NPSZnB with potassium chloride fertilizers rates assigned to subplots. Totally, the experiment had twelve treatments. The interaction effects of blended NPSZnB and potassium chloride fertilizers rates not significantly (P>0.05) influenced marketable yield, unmarketable yield and total tuber yield. However, the main effects of blended NPSZnB and potassium chloride fertilizers rates were highly significantly (P<0.01) affected marketable tuber yield. The partial budget analysis was revealed that highest net benefit with acceptable marginal rate of return (1027.27%) was obtained with the application of NPK (110 kg N + 90 kg P2O5 + 69 kg K2O ha-1) fertilizers. We conclude that application of NPK (110 kg N + 90 kg P2O5 + 69 kg K2O ha-1) fertilizers were economically feasible to recommend for potato production in the study area.
Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Fungi from Bathroom Sludge Effluents
Authors: Jacinta Aneke Chinwe
Published: September 2024

Bathroom effluents which not channeled to a soak away pit comes out as bathroom sludge. These effluents when inhaled or in contact with humans can cause infection and disease. Fungi are one of the most ubiquitous organisms found in bathroom, bathroom floor and bathroom sludge effluents. Effluents on bathroom floor are washed off from condict pipes and come out as bathroom sludge. The identification and isolation of fungi isolated from bathrooms sludge from Enugu State University of Science and Technology female hostels was studied using standard methods. The organism was cultured using potato dextrose agar and the antibiotics chrolifinical was added to the agar medium to inhibit the growth of bacteria and support the growth of fungi. The Pd agar was used to isolate a pure culture of fungi. The fungi were further identified morphologically and microscopically using a fungi atlas as a guide. The identified organisms were Candida albicans, Aspergillus nidulans Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Mucor mucedo. The germ test tube was further conducted on C.albicans to differentiate it from other species of Candidiasis and a positive C.albicans was confirmed. The proliferation rate of these organisms was observed and recorded in day 4 and day 7 respectively. M.mucedo has growth rate of + in 4 days and still maintained + in 7 days. All other identified fungi had ++ in day four and ++++ growth rate in day seven, suggesting that the more these organisms are exposed to the environment, they proliferates quickly and cause diseases. These research shows that bathroom sludge effluents are inhibitors of fungi and these effluents when inhaled or exposed to the environment in contact with humans can cause disease and infection and should be channeled to a waste water pit rather than exposed to the environment. Modern building structure should channel this bathroom sludge to a soak away pit rather than channel it to the environment. Cleaning of bathroom with detergent and disinfectant should be encouraged, although it only reduces the microbial load of the fungi but does not eliminate totally.
‘Point and Kill’ vs Animal Rights: A Moral Examination
Authors: Chukwuemeka Metuonu Iheanacho
Published: September 2024

This study critically examines the ethical implications of the practice known as "point and kill," wherein nonhuman animals are selected and immediately killed for food, a practice that has become commonplace in many African cultures. While food is essential for the survival and growth of both human and nonhuman animals, the manner in which nonhuman animals are often treated as mere commodities raises significant ethical concerns. Despite extensive debates in contemporary animal ethics, the focus has predominantly been on issues such as biomedical research, animal confinement, and entertainment, with relatively little attention given to the ethical ramifications of using animals for food, particularly in the context of practices like "point and kill." This paper addresses the gap in the literature by interrogating the moral worth of nonhuman animals and questioning the justification for their wanton killing for human consumption. Employing critical and conceptual analysis, the study draws on the Igbo philosophy of ‘ugwu anu’ (animal integrity) to argue against speciesism and advocate for the moral consideration of nonhuman animals. It contends that nonhuman animals deserve care, respect, and fair treatment, and that the practice of "point and kill" reflects a speciesist attitude that undermines the inherent value of animal life. By bringing this issue to the forefront, the study contributes to the broader discourse on animal ethics and calls for a reevaluation of culturally ingrained practices that perpetuate animal suffering.
Insatisfação com a imagem corporal de mulheres praticantes de jump
Authors: Assis Miliane Sabino de , Arantes Francielle de Assis , Camargos Gustavo Leite , Leite Luciano Bernardes , Oliveira Renata Aparecida Rodrigues de
Published: September 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A insatisfação com a imagem corporal em mulheres é um tema complexo e profundamente arraigado na sociedade contemporânea. Esse fenômeno é significativo e multifacetado, despertando um crescente interesse na comunidade científica. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o nível de insatisfação com a imagem corporal em mulheres praticantes de jump. METODOLOGIA: Foram avaliadas 46 mulheres com média de 36,13+9,56 anos, com a utilização de dois questionários, um para avaliar o nível de atividade física e o outro para avaliar a imagem corporal. Após a coleta, foi realizada a análise dos dados, adotando um nível de significância de p<0,05.RESULTADOS: A maioria das avaliadas foram classificadas como “Muito Ativas” (52,2%) e “Ativas” (43,5%); quanto à satisfação corporal, 63% apresentaram algum grau de insatisfação com a sua imagem. Houve uma relação inversa da satisfação corporal com a idade, tempo de prática, dias na semana e tempo semanal. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que, na amostra avaliada, foi identificado um elevado nível de insatisfação com a imagem corporal entre as mulheres praticantes de Jump.
Analysis of Stunting Incidence Based on Knowledge, Maternal Characteristics, and Nutritional Status
Authors: Chairiyah Royani , D P Puspitasari Nurul , Susanti Susanti , Inayati Rohmanatul
Published: September 2024

One of the issues impeding human development worldwide is stunting. This study's goal is to examine the prevalence of stunting according to characteristics, knowledge, and nutritional status in Kebayoran District, South Jakarta. This kind of study uses a cross-sectional research design and is quantitative in nature. This research was conducted in Kebayoran Baru District, South Jakarta, during November-December 2021. All mothers with toddlers made up the study's subjects, with a sample of 50 subjects participating in the Family Hope Program (PKH) with purposive sampling techniques. Data collection method using questionnaires. Logistic regression and the Chi-square test are the statistical tests that are employed. The results showed maternal knowledge with a p-value of 0,044, age (p-value = 0,031), educational attainment (p-value = 0,012), marital status (p-value = 0,837), economic status (p-value = 0,000), and nutritional status (p-value = 0,000). In conclusion, a relationship exists between knowledge, characteristics (age, mother's education level, mother's working status, economic status), and nutritional status in relation to stunting. Additionally, there is no connection between the prevalence of stunting and marital status. Education, economic status, and nutritional status are the primary determinants of stunting incidence in Kebayoran Baru, South Jakarta.
Body Fat Percentage and Nutritional Status with Hs-CRP Levels in Hyperlipidemic Individuals
Authors: Azizah Anisah Nimah , Marliyati Sri Anna , Riyadi Hadi
Published: September 2024

cardiovascular disease and other metabolic disorders. High levels of C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) are commonly used to gauge cardiovascular risk, as elevated hs-CRP is linked with increased heart disease and chronic inflammation. This study examines how body fat percentage and nutritional status affect hs-CRP levels in individuals with hyperlipidemia. It involved 30 participants from a study at the SEAFAST Center IPB, where they were treated with high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drinks for 4 weeks. Body fat percentage was measured via Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), nutritional status was evaluated through clinical assessments of weight and height, and hs-CRP levels were assessed using ELISA immunoassay. The Chi-square test revealed significant relationships between both body fat percentage (X²=0,043, p-value<0,05) and nutritional status (X² = 0,05, p-value<0,05) with hs-CRP levels. These results suggest that both body fat percentage and nutritional status significantly impact hs-CRP levels in individuals with hyperlipidemia. Effective management of body fat and nutritional status could help reduce inflammation and cardiovascular risk in this population. This study supports the need for targeted interventions to better manage cardiovascular health in individuals with hyperlipidemia.
Cardioprotective of Ethanol Extract of Black Turmeric (Curcuma Caesia Roxb) on Doxorubicin Induced Rats
Authors: Pratiwi Nadya , Wahyudin Elly , Cangara Muhammad Husni
Published: September 2024

Discovery of black turmeric's anti-radical, anti-inflammatory properties and ability to inhibit the growth of tumor cells. This study aimed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects and identity the effect of black turmeric (Curcuma caesia Roxb) ethanol extract in preventing cardiac damage in mice induced by doxorubicin. The experimental design employed is a pre-post test control group design. The study used male Wistar rats weighing between 150-200 grams, divided into 6 groups, with each group consisting of 4 rats. The first group, serving as the normal group, was only provided with food and water. The second group received Na-CMC as a negative control, while the third group was given Vitamin E as a positive control. The fourth, fifth, and sixth groups were administered suspensions of black turmeric extract at doses of 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg BW, respectively. The rats were induced with doxorubicin at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW once a week for 3weeks. On the final day of treatment, the rats were fasted for 18 hours, anesthetized, and blood samples were taken for analysis. The rats were also secured on a surgical board. Following induction, CKMB and LDH levels were measured again, and histopathological observations were conducted. The results showed CKMB levels indicated significant differences between groups with p<0,05 (0,025), while LDH levels did not show significant differences with p-value>0,05 (0,225). Histopathological examination of the heart revealed improvements in function and structure in the group IV.
ECTOPIC PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA OF BUCCAL SPACE: CASE REPORT WITH REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: BAJPAI SANCHIT
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Salivary gland neoplasms are rare, accounting for 3% to 5% of all head and neck tumours. Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign neoplasm, mainly affecting the major salivary glands; however, its origin from minor salivary glands such as cheek mucosa is sporadic and rarely encountered. Through this clinical report, we share and discuss our experience about this rare entity and highlight the cases, which have been reported in literature until date.
Behavioural Interventions for ADHD: Classroom Management Strategies That Work
Authors: Pothuraju Dr. Sudheer
Published: September 2024

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders affecting children and adolescents. Characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, ADHD can significantly impact a student’s ability to succeed in a traditional classroom setting. Teachers often face unique challenges when trying to manage behaviors associated with ADHD, as these behaviors can disrupt the learning process for both the affected student and their peers. “In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on evidence-based behavioral interventions that can support students with ADHD in the classroom. Rather than relying solely on medication or punitive measures, educators are now equipped with a variety of management strategies designed to enhance focus, improve behavior, and foster a positive learning environment. This book, Behavioral Interventions for ADHD: Classroom Management Strategies That Work, aims to provide educators, parents, and support staff with practical, actionable strategies for managing ADHD-related behaviors
Effective Risk Mitigation Strategies in Digital Project Management
Authors: Vanitha Sivasankaran Balasubramaniam  , Siddhey Mahadik,  , Md Abul Khair  , Om Goel  , Prof.(Dr.) Arpit Jain,
Published: September 2024

In the realm of digital project management, effective risk mitigation is crucial to ensure project success and sustainability. This paper explores various strategies employed to manage and minimize risks in digital projects, focusing on proactive and reactive approaches. Proactive risk mitigation involves identifying potential risks early in the project lifecycle through comprehensive risk assessments and stakeholder consultations. Techniques such as risk registers, SWOT analyses, and scenario planning are pivotal in foreseeing and addressing possible issues before they escalate.
Reactive strategies, on the other hand, come into play when unforeseen risks arise. Agile methodologies and iterative development processes provide flexibility, allowing teams to adapt quickly to changing conditions and emerging threats. The integration of risk management tools, such as risk response plans and contingency budgets, is essential for navigating and mitigating unexpected challenges effectively.
Furthermore, the paper highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and evaluation in risk management. Leveraging real-time data analytics and feedback loops can significantly enhance a project manager’s ability to anticipate and respond to risks dynamically. By fostering a culture of risk awareness and resilience within the project team, organizations can better manage uncertainties and improve overall project outcomes.
The findings suggest that a balanced approach, combining both proactive and reactive strategies, tailored to the specific needs of the project, enhances risk management efficacy. This research provides valuable insights for project managers seeking to refine their risk mitigation techniques and achieve successful digital project implementations.
Optimizing Ad Performance Through Direct Links and Native Browser Destinations
Authors: Archit Joshi  , Vishwas Rao Salunkhe  , Shashwat Agrawal  , Prof.(Dr) Punit Goel  , Vikhyat Gupta,
Published: September 2024

In the ever-evolving realm of digital advertising, optimizing ad performance is pivotal for maximizing return on investment (ROI) and achieving business objectives. This paper examines the effectiveness of two innovative strategies: direct links and native browser destinations. Direct links streamline the user journey by directing clicks from advertisements straight to targeted landing pages, minimizing unnecessary steps and reducing user drop-off rates. By enhancing the relevance of landing pages, direct links can significantly improve engagement metrics such as click-through rates (CTR) and conversion rates.
Conversely, native browser destinations integrate advertising content within the user's existing browsing environment, leveraging the familiar interface to offer a seamless and unobtrusive experience. This approach capitalizes on the user's current context, which can lead to higher levels of interaction and more effective engagement. The paper explores the benefits of both techniques, providing insights into how they can be used to enhance user experience and drive better performance metrics.
Additionally, the paper discusses best practices for implementing these strategies, including how to align content with user expectations and how to measure the impact of these approaches on overall ad performance. By optimizing ad delivery through direct links and native browser destinations, advertisers can achieve more precise targeting, increase user satisfaction, and ultimately drive greater business success. This study aims to offer a comprehensive overview of these techniques, highlighting their significance in the digital advertising landscape and providing actionable recommendations for advertisers.
AI-Powered Automation in Salesforce Testing: Efficiency and Accuracy
Authors: Mandaloju Nagaraj , Vinod kumar Karne  , Nagaraj Mandaloju  , Parameshwar Reddy Kothamali
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the impact of AI-powered automation on Salesforce testing, focusing on improvements in efficiency and accuracy compared to traditional methods. The research addresses the challenge of ensuring robust testing processes in complex CRM environments, where conventional methods often fall short. A comparative analysis was conducted using both traditional and AI-powered testing tools, with metrics including test execution time, accuracy rates, and error detection rates. The results reveal that AI-powered tools significantly enhance testing efficiency, reducing execution time by 40% and increasing accuracy by 15%, with a 20% improvement in error detection. These findings suggest that AI can substantially optimize Salesforce testing by automating repetitive tasks and providing advanced analytical capabilities. However, challenges such as initial setup costs and integration with existing frameworks were also identified. The study concludes that AI-powered testing offers considerable benefits, but organizations must weigh these against practical considerations for effective implementation.