bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Nitrogen Dan Plant Catalyst Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Selada (Lactuca sativa L.) Secara Hidroponik
Authors: Warganegara Gorendva R. , Ginting Yohanes Cahya , Kushendarto Kushendarto
Published: September 2017

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a vegetable plant which consumption in fresh form. Color, texture, and aroma lettuce can beautify also be an ornamental dish of food. Request lettuce until now has not met its full potential, it is because there are obstacles in cultivation that influence the quality and production results. One technique that can be used in the cultivation of lettuce ie hydroponic. The purpose of this study was to: (1) To know the effect of Catalyst Plant on growth and yield of plants in hydroponic lettuce, (2) To know the effect of the concentration of nitrogen on the growth and yield of plants in hydroponic lettuce, (3) To determine the concentration of nitrogen in response to the liquid fertilizer Catalyst Plant. This study uses a randomized group design perfect (RKTS) arranged factorial (5x2) with three replications. The first factor is the nitrogen concentration of 200 ppm, 225 ppm, 250 ppm, 275 ppm, 300 ppm supplied from planting as much as 3 times a day. The second factor is the provision of liquid fertilizer Catalyst Plant (P1) and without giving liquid fertilizer (P0) with a concentration of 2 g / L of water. Interval application of liquid fertilizer once a week until harvest time. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance to investigate the influence of the treatment applied. If there are significant between the treatment continued with the separation of the middle value of Orthogonal polynomial at 5%. Of the two factors obtained 10 combined treatment with 3 replications and obtained 30 experimental units. Each experimental unit planted two plants, so that the overall use of 60 trial plants Catalyst Plant liquid fertilizer application resulted in better plant growth compared without giving liquid fertilizer. Increased nitrogen concentration of 25 ppm, the concentration of 250-300 ppm improve the growth of plant height of 0.02 cm, 0.01 cm long roots, and plant fresh weight of 0.03 grams (11:12%). There are a response to the nitrogen concentration of liquid fertilizer Catalyst Plant . Keywords: Grand Rapid lettuce, hydroponics, Catalyst Plant, the concentration of nitrogen
Penerapan Sistem Olah Tanah dan Pemulsaan Pada Tebu untuk Pengendalian Nematoda Parasit Tumbuhan Dominan
Authors: Swibawa I G. , Yulistiara S. P. , Aeny T. N.
Published: September 2017

Conventional tillage system practices for a long time can reduce soil qualities because of soil erosion, soil compaction and depleting of soil organic matter. Conservation tillage such as No-tillage system can be applied as an alternative technique to rehabilitate soil degradation problems.. This research is a part of a long term study of soil rehabilitation that was conducted from 2010 till now, in PT GMP, Central Lampung. Sampling of nematodes was done on April 2013 when the second ratoon RGM 00-838 variety of sugarcane was 9 months old. The aim of this research was to study the effect of tillage and mulching systems on the abundance of several dominant plant parasitic nematodes. Split plot experimental design was applied on this research. Tillage system as the main plots consisted of intensive tillage and no-tillage systems, while mulching system as the sub-plots consisted of no-mulch and mulching with 80 ton ha-1 of fresh bagasee. Nematodes were collected from 0-20 cm deep of soil and extracted by sieving and centrifugation with sugar solution methods at the Plant Pest and Disease Laboratory, University of Lampung. The results of this research showed that there were eleven plant parasitic and seven free-living nematode genera inhabited the PT GMP sugarcane plantation. The three plant parasitic nematode genera dominant were Hoplolaimus, Xiphinema, and Hemicriconemoides. No-tillage system effectively reduce the abundance of Xiphinema and , mulching with bagasse reduced the abundance of Hemicriconemoides. Meanwhile, mulching on No-tillage system more effective to reducing the abundance of Hoplolaimus compared to intensive tillage system. This results suggested that the No-tillage with bagasse mulching system was one of alternative techniques to control plant parasitic nematodes pest of sugarcane plantation. Keywords : Tillage, mulching, sugarcane, plant parasitic nematodes, abundance.
Interaksi Antara Daya Tumbuh Benih dengan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Semangka (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum dan Nakai) Pada Pemupukan Organik dan Anorganik
Authors: Nazirwan Nazirwan , Wahyudi Anung
Published: September 2017

The aim of this research to observe and analyze the ability to grow of watermelon seeds in organic and inorganic fertilizers. Observing and analyzing the interaction between the ability to grow of watermelon seeds with plant growth in organic and inorganic fertilizers. Recommend a combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers that provide maximum results. This research was conducted in field of State Polytechnic of Lampung on June until Agustus 2014. This research uses a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with treatment in the form of thiamethoxam, inorganic fertilizers and organic fertilizers, namely: P1 = 0% organic fertilizer + 100% inorganic fertilizer; P2 = 25% organic fertilizer + 75% inorganic fertilizer; P3 = 50% organic fertilizer + 50% inorganic fertilizer; P4 = 75% organic fertilizer + 25% inorganic fertilizer; P5 = 100% organic fertilizer + 0% inorganic fertilizer. Doses of inorganic fertilizers: Urea = 300 kg.ha-1, SP-36 = 200 kg.ha-1, KCl = 100 kg.ha-1. Organic fertilizer: manure (cow manure) = 20 tons.ha-1. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and if there is a real different treatments followed by LSD test at 5% level. The results showed that organic and inorganic fertilizer application significantly affected fruit length and fruit weight, but did not significantly affect the ability to grow, main stem length and number of leaves. The length of the longest fruit found in the treatment of inorganic fertilizer application of 75% + 25% organic fertilizer (P2). While the weight of the heaviest fruit found in the treatment of organic fertilizer application of 100% (P5). The highest ability to grow plant found in the treatment of 100% inorganic fertilizer application (P1), treatment of inorganic fertilizer application 50% + 50% organic fertilizers (P3), P2 and P5 treatment. The longest length of main stem found in P5 treatment, while the highest number of leaves found in P2 treatment. Keywords: fertilization, organic, inorganic, watermelon
Analisis Finansial dan Sensitivitas Usaha Kecil Menengah Dodol Coklat
Authors: Nurainy Fibra , Nawansih Otik , Sitanggang Merry Monika
Published: September 2017

This research was purposed to determine financial aspects of chocolate dodol home industry. The result of investment feasibility are reasonable to continue (NPV>0, Net B/C >1,IRR> 22% discount rate and raw’s material (cocoa beans) as many as 10%-50% and the fuel as many as 15%-90 PP< 5 years of economical’s age. The result of sensitivity variable cost increase likes % still reasonable to continue (NPV>0, Net B/C >1,IRR> 22% discount rate and PP< 5 years of economical’s age). Keywords: Chocolate dodol, Financial Analysis, Sensitivity.
Pengaruh Jenis dan Tingkat Kerapatan Gulma Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor L.)
Authors: Anggeraini Dita , Sembodo Dad R.J. , Sunyoto Sunyoto
Published: September 2017

Sorghum is one of serealia plants that have a big potential to be developed. Sorghum is beneficial as a source of food, animal feed, as well as various industrial raw materials. Sorghum is potential to be developed with the application of proper cultivation, one of them is optimal maintenance. The lack of maintenance cause low production. One of maintenance is weed control. Weeds can create a competition with cultivation plants to fight means growing. Type and weed density are influence growth a development of sorghum. The purpose of this research is to know: (1) The influence of type of weeds to growth and production of sorghum plants, (2) The influence of weeds density to growth and production of sorghum plant, and (3) There is interaction between type and weeds density when influence the growth of weeds, also growth and production of sorghum plants. This research is done in South Lampung and weeds laboratory University of Lampung on December 2014 - April 2015. Treatments arranged in a factorial strip plot design with three replications. The first factor is three types of weeds, that are Asystasia gangetica, Cyperus rotundus, and Rottboelia exaltata. The second factor is density 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 weeds/m2. If assumption are met, the data is analyzed by using variance analysis and followed by a least significant difference (LSD) 5%. The result shows: (1) The type of weeds influence growth and yield component of plant height and steam diameter 3 WAP, fresh weight and dry stover, also weight of 100 grains on water content) WC14%, (2) The density of 80 weeds/m2 influence the height a plant 3 and 9 WAP, number of leaves 6 MST, steam diameter 3, 6, and 9 WAP, weight of fresh stover plant, weight of 100 grains on water content 14%, weight of sorghum seed, and (3) There is no interaction between the type and weeds density when influence growth and sorghum production, but there is interaction when influence the growth of weeds. Keyword: sorghum, weeds, competition
Korelasi dan Analisis Lintas Karakter Agronomi Kedelai (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) Keturunan Persilangan Wilis X MLG 2521
Authors: Sa’diyah Nyimas , Siagian Christian Raymond , Barmawi Maimun
Published: September 2017

Soybean is one of the crops that produce seeds with high protein content, as well as used by the inhabitants of Indonesia. Domestic soybean production can not meet the needs of the national soybean thus needs to be improved, one through breeding varieties with superior. One important step in plant breeding is the selection. To save time and costs of selection, it is necessary to determine the estimated correlation between characters  and to determine the causal relationship between characters used path analysis. Through path analysis can be seen directly and indirectly influence between variables forecaster with the response variable. The purpose of this study to obtain information (1) correlation between characters agronomic towards production. (2) direct and indirect effects of agronomic between characters towards production. The research was conducted from October 2013 until January 2014 in the integrated field laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung and observations made in Laboratory of Seed and Plant Breeding, University of Lampung. Soybean seeds used were  F5 generation zuriat from Wilis x Mlg 2521,  Willis and Mlg 2521. The treatment laid out in a randomized block design,  2 replications. The results showed that  there was a positive phenotype correlation between character of days to flowering, plant height, number of branches, number of pods, weight of 100 grains with grain weight per plant and there was no correlation between day to harvesting with the seed weight per plant. Direct selection of the most effective  was through the number of pods because number of  pods have a direct effect almost equivalent to the correlation. The relationship between the number of pods  and weight of seeds per plant explained a real relationship. Keywords: correlation, path analysis, selection, soybean
Pengaruh Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (Avg), Plastic Wrapping Dan Suhu Simpan Terhadap Masa Simpan Dan Mutu Buah Jambu Biji (Psidium Guajava L.) ‘Mutiara’
Authors: Widodo Soesiladi E. , Hidayat Kuswanta F. , Zulferiyenni Zulferiyenni , Annisa Sherly I.
Published: September 2017

The research was aimmed at studying the effects of (1) single application AVGs,plastic wrappings, and storage temperatures, (2) interactions among AVGs andplastic wrappings, AVGs and storage temperatures, and plastic wrappings andstorage temperatures, and (3) interactions among AVGs, plastic wrappings, andstorage temperatures in extending fruit self-life and maintain qualities of‘Mutiara’guava fruits. The research was arranged in a completely randomized designin 2 x 2 x 2 factorial with three replications. The first factor was AVGs (with 1,25ppm and without AVG), the second factor was plastic wrappings (without and withone layer of plastic wrapping), and the third factor was storage temperature (a coldtemperature of 21, 53 ºC and a room temprature of 26,57 ºC). The result showed that(1) the application of AVG 1,25 ppm did not significantly affect fruit self-life, fruitfirmness, fruit weight loss, ºBrix, acid contens, and sweetness of ‘Mutiara’guava’fruits, (2) storage at cold temprature of 21, 53 ºC did not significantly affect fruit self-life, fruit firmness, fruit weight loss, ºBrix, acid contens, and sweetness of‘Mutiara’guava’ fruits, (3) the application of plastic wrapping was able to extend fruitself-life by 17 days longer than without plastic wrapping and supressed fruit weightloss of ‘Mutiara’guava, but accelerated softening and not able to maintain ºBrix, andalso did not significantly affect acid contens, and sweetness of ‘Mutiara’guava fruits,(4) there were no interaction effects among AVGs with plastic wrappings, AVGs withcold tempratures, and plastic wrappings with cold tempratures on self-life, fruitfirmness, fruit weight loss, ºBrix, acid contens, and sweetness of ‘Mutiara’guavafruits, and (5) there were no interaction effects among AVGs, plastic wrappings, andcold temperatures on fruit self-life, fruit firmness, fruit weight loss, ºBrix, acidcontens, and sweetness of ‘Mutiara’ guava fruits.
Pengaruh Pemaparan Medan Magnet Pada Media Mandels Yang Dimodifikasi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Aktivitas Enzim Selulase Bacillus Sp.
Authors: Hernawati Wayan , Sumardi Sumardi , Agustrina Rochman , Yulianto Herman
Published: September 2017

Enzymes can undergo structural changes due to various environmental factor such as pH,temperature, electricity and magnetic fields. The purpose of this study was to investigate theeffect of magnetic field strength and duration of exposure to the modified of media Mandelsused as a culture medium of Bacillus sp. on the growth and activity of cellulase enzyme fromthe bacterium Bacillus sp. Factorial study group were prepared using the method of fullrandomized design (RKLT). The first factor is the strong magnetic field consists of 4 levels ofmagnetic field strength treatment: 0 mT; 0,1 mT; 0,2 mT; 0.3 mT. The second faktor is theprolonged exposure consisting of 4 levels prolonged exposure treatments 0, 10, 20, 30minutes. each unit treatment was repeated 3 times. The results showed that exposure tomagnetic fields on modified of media Mandels causes a decrease in the relative activity ofthe enzyme cellulase and relative growth of Bacillus sp.Keywords: cellulase enzyme, magnetic field, Mandels modification, Bacillus sp.
Uji Senyawa Taurin Sebagai Antikanker Terhadap Jumlah Sel-Sel Leukosit Dan Sel-Sel Eritrosit Mencit (Mus musculus L.) yang Diinduksi Benzo (Α) Pyren Secara In Vivo
Authors: Maysa Agra , Widiastuti E. L. , Nurcahyani N. , Busman H.
Published: September 2017

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of taurine supplementation on the totalcount of leucocyte cells and erythrocyte cells of mice that have been induced to benzo (α)pyrene in vivo. The parameters of this experiment were the total count of leucocyte cells anderythrocyte cells of mice (Mus musculus L.). This experiment was conducted in a completerandomized design by using six treatments, each in five replications. The mice were dividedinto six groups. Group I used as control were not given any treatment. Group II were given0,2 mL of oleum olevarum (olive oil) orally to the end of the experiment. Group III wereinduced to benzo (α) pyrene without being given any taurine. Group IV were given 7,8mg/bw of taurine before being induced to benzo (α) pyrene. Group V were given 7,8 mg/bwof taurine after being induced to benzo (α) pyrene. Group VI were given 15,6 mg/bw oftaurine after being induced to benzo (α) pyrene. Mice of group III, V, and VI were injectedwith 0,5 mL of benzo (α) pyrene solution every day for 10 days on their subcutant tissue forthe purpose of a nodule being formed in this area. It was then continued by giving taurineorally for 15 days. In the final treatment, mice blood was taken to count the leucocyte cellsand erythrocyte cells. The data were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) thencontinued by calculating least significant difference at 5 per cent level of significance. Theresults indicated that taurine had the ability to reduce leucocyte cells into its normalquantity, and was able to increase the number of erythrocyte cells of mice suffered fromleukaemia back to normal.Key words: benzo (α) pyrene, leukaemia, leucocyte, mice , taurine
Rantai Pasok Brokoli di Kecamatan Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat dengan Pendekatan Food Supply Chain Networks
Authors: Yolandika Clara , Nurmalina Rita , Suharno Suharno
Published: September 2017

This study aims to determine the condition of the supply chain broccoli in the district ofBandung Lembang district west to approach food supply chain networks ( FSCN ). Thisresearch will be carried out in the CV . Yan's Fruits and Vegetable in Lembang district ,West Bandung regency, West Java. This study requires an approach to qualitative andquantitative methods for treating primary and secondary data . To analyze the supply chainqualitative and quantitative data required by the framework of the Food Supply ChainNetworking (FSCN) of Lambert and Cooper (2000) as modified by Vorst (2006).Results from this study is the condition of supply chain broccoli in Lembang district WestBandung regency based approach is the Food Supply Chain Networks as seen from thetarget supply chain, the structure of the supply chain, the entity supply chain, supply chainmanagement, resource supply chain, and business processes of supply chain is alreadyintegrated well.Keywords: Broccoli, FSCN, Supply Chain
Pengaruh Formulasi Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus oestreatus) dan Tapioka Terhadap Sifat Fisik, Organoleptik, dan Kimia Kerupuk
Authors: Astuti Sussi , A.S. Suharyono , Fitra Nopena
Published: September 2017

White oyster (Pleurotus oestreatus) mushroom has high nutrition content. The white oystermushroom processing to be cracker product is one of product diversification efforts frommushroom. This research was conducted to find out the best formulation of tapioca andoyster mushroom to produce the best characteristics of oyster mushroom crackers. Thesecharacteristics include expansion volume, sensory, and chemist. This research was designedin a Completely Randomized Block Design with 3 replication. The treatments had 7formulation levels of tapioca and oyster mushroom flour, that were N1 (0% : 100%), N2(10% : 90%), N3 (20% : 80%), N4 (30% : 70%), N5 (40% : 60%), N6 (50% : 50%), and N7(60% : 40%), respectively. Data were analiyzed with analysis of varians to find out thetreatment effects, then the data were further analyzed with Honestly Significant Difference(HSD) test on level of 5% to find the best formulation. The results showed that formulationN2 (10% white oyster mushroom and 90% tapioca) was the best formulation with expansionvolume of 452,28%, crunchy texture, rather-typical of oyster mushroom taste, rather-typicalof oyster mushroom aroma, water content of 7,20% (%db), ash content of 1,03% (%db), fatcontent of 0,46% (%db), protein content of 1,66% (%db), and fibre content of 0,24% (%db).However, the protein content didn’t include the qualification of cracker standard quality(SNI 01-2713-1999).Keywords : white oyster mushroom, tapioca, cracker
Productivity Dynamic of Rice, Corn, and Soybean in Java, Indonesian
Authors: Nadapdap Hendrik Johannes
Published: September 2017

This study analyzes productivity, productivity growth variability and variety coefficient of rice, corn, and soybeans on the island of Java. The data used in this research is secondary data in time series obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics from 1996 to 2015. The research shown that the highest rice production in East Java are 5.5 tons per hectare, the highest maize production in West Java are 4.84 tons per hectare and the highest soybean production in Central Java are 1.47 tons per hectare. The highest productivity growth of rice occurred in Banten, while the highest for corn is in West Java, and the highest for soybean is in Central Java. The highest variability in rice productivity achieved by the province of East Java, while the highest for corn commodity is in West Java, and the highest for soybean is in Central Java. The highest coefficient of rice productivity variation is in Banten, while the highest of corn in West Java and the highest of soybeans in DI. Yogyakarta.Keywords: corn, soybeans, rice, productivity, variability
Quality and Fruit Production Improvement Using The Cultivation Technology System "ToPAS" In 12 Varieties of Hybrid Watermelons
Authors: Wahyudi Anung , Dewi Ratna
Published: September 2017

The quality and production of watermelon in Indonesia is low relatively. We introduced "ToPAS" (toping, pruning, arranging and selection), the innovation of cultivation technology in an effort to improve the quality and production of watermelon. Our study was conducted in State Polytechnic of Lampung yield trials from May~August 2014, and used 12 varieties of hybrid watermelons with randomized block design two factors. The results of variance analyses in "ToPAS" system showed that productivity of watermelon fruit (oval and round type) are higher compared with conventional cultivation systems. We suggested using "ToPAS" system in watermelon cultivation to improve the cultivation technology, increasing quality and production of watermelon fruit. “ToPAS” also suggested for watermelon breeding program.Key word : cultivation, production, ToPAS, watermelon
Potential of Pineapple Madu Shell (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) As Anti-Browning Agent in Apples Manalagi (Malus sylvestris Mill)
Authors: Anggita Rizka Devi , Zulkifli Zulkifli , Lande Martha L
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of water extract of pineapple shell in the process of browning apple manalagi  (Malus sylvestris Mill). The research was conducted from October to November 2016 in the Laboratory of Plant Physiology Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung. As variables were browning index, total soluble carbohydrate content, dehydrogenase enzyme activity, and reducing sugar levels, while the parameter is the mean of all variables. The experiment was conducted in completely randomizes design. The main factor was the water extract of the  pineapple shell with 5 concentration levels:  0% v / v, 25% v / v, 50% v / v, 75% v / v, 100% v / v. Levene test, analysis of variance and LSD test was carried out at 5% significance level. The results showed that the water extract pineapple shell was significantly lower the browning index of apples manalagi, and the relationship between the concentration and browning index is quadratic (y = 9E-05x2 - 0.013x + 1.018 R² = 0665). Extract of pineapple shell did not significantly affect total soluble carbohydrate content of apples manalagi but a downward  trend in total soluble carbohydrate content with increasing concentrations of the extract (y = -0.049x + 29.66   R² = 0.923). The relationship between the concentration of water extract pineapple shell with dehydrogenase enzyme activity was negative linear (y = -0.082x + 12.04   R² = 0.969). Reducing sugar levels increase at the concentration of 50% v/v,75% v/v, and 100% v/v. The final conclusion was that the water extract of pineapple shell was potential as anti-browning agent for apples manalagi because it was able to reduce browning index 51.89%, and influence other physiological processes.Keywords: Pineapple shell, Apples manalagi, Browning, carbohydrate, dehydrogenase.
Production and Quality Pennisetum purpureum at Shading Condition and Nitrogen Fertilizer Dosage
Authors: Mangiring Windu , Kurniawati Nurleni , Priyadi Priyadi
Published: September 2017

This experiment aims to determine 1) The effect of  shading and nitrogen fertilizer to production   of Pennisetum purpureum ; and 2) The effect of  shading and nitrogen fertilizer  to quality of Pennisetum purpureum,experiment performed in January until May 2016at fieldSTIPER Dharma Wacana Metro.The experiment was investigated in random block design with three replication. The first factor is consisted of two treatment of shading level, i.e (0%) without shading  and (50%)  paranet shade. The second factor consisted of three treatment of nitrogen fertilizer dosage, i.e 50 kgha-1 nitrogen fertilizer, 100 kgha-1nitrogen fertillizer and 200 kgha-1 nitrogen fertilizer. The results showed that effect paranet shade 50% in fact evidently  decrease the production of Pennisetum purpureum 60 %. Quality of Pennisetum purpuremlike  nitrate content, crude protein content  and crude fiber contenton 50%paranet shade 0,2%-0,11%;7,8%-10,8%; and 29,13%-30,00%. In shade condition, a dose of 50 kgha-1not significant production of elephant grass forage, elephant grass forage production response to increasing doses of N (50-200 kgha-1)is more significant than whitout shade. Key words : Pennisetum purpureum,elephant grass, paranet shade, nitrogen
Penentuan Waktu Pemisahan Bibit Kembar Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Asal Benih Multi Embrio di Pembibitan
Authors: Sukmawan Yan
Published: September 2017

The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seed generally in form of germinated seed. Germinated seed purchased from oil palm seed producers often contained twin seedlings. The twin seedlings must be separated in pre-nursery before transplanted to the main-nursery. The aim of this research was to determine the best time of oil palm twin seedlings separation in nursery. The research was conducted on April to November 2016 in Politeknik Negeri Lampung. Single-factor experiment was arranged in randomized block design with three replications. The treatment was the age of twin seedling i.e.: 8 weeks after sowing (W1), 9 weeks after sowing (W2), 10 weeks after sowing (W3) and 11 weeks after sowing (W4). The data were analysed by general linear model analysis of variance (ANOVA). The means were separated using HSD at α=5% level. The result show the best time to separate the twin seedling in pre-nurserys is 9-11 weeks after sowing. Keywords: main-nursery, multi embryo, pre-nursery, twin seedlings
Psoriasis Therapies and the Risk of Cutaneous Malignancy
Authors: Dando Emily E , Anvekar Rina A
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackground: Systemic therapies for moderate to severe psoriasis target the dysregulated inflammatory response. However, their immunomodulatory properties may also contribute to carcinogenesis, leading to increased risk of cutaneous malignancy in patients exposed to systemic agents.Objective: A review of the literature was performed to evaluate the risk of cutaneous malignancy associated with the following therapies for moderate to severe psoriasis: PUVA, UVB, cyclosporine, methotrexate, retinoids, TNF-a inhibitors, IL-12/23 inhibitors, and IL-17 inhibitors.Results: Rates of NMSC, most notably SCC, increase linearly with number of PUVA exposures. UVB radiation, both narrowband and broadband, has no clear association with skin cancer. There is a well-characterized association between cyclosporine and NMSC, particularly SCCs, although it is less clear whether cyclosporine predisposes to malignant melanoma. Methotrexate appears to increase the risk of melanoma and NMSC in a dose-dependent fashion. Retinoids, on the other hand, have chemopreventative properties and may decrease risk of NMSC in patients with psoriasis. A large body of evidence supports an increased risk of NMSC, particularly SCC, in TNF-a inhibitors, but an association with melanoma is less clear. The newly-developed agents, IL-12/23 and IL-17 inhibitors, do not clearly show increased carcinogenic risk, but their long-term safety profiles are still under investigation.Conclusions: Many systemic psoriasis therapies, including PUVA, cyclosporine, methotrexate, and TNF-a inhibitors, appear to increase the risk of cutaneous malignancy. When prescribing these agents, physicians must weigh the benefit of treatment with their carcinogenic potential. Additional post-marketing surveillance is required to better understand the long-term risks of the newer biologic agents.
Common Adverse Drug-Drug Interactions in Dermatology: Oral Therapies
Authors: Dong Joanna , Bonomo Lauren , Lebwohl Mark
Published: September 2017

Drug-drug interactions between systemic oral therapies in dermatology can result in preventable iatrogenic causes of patient morbidity and mortality. Most of these interactions are due to cytochrome P450 or renal excretion interactions. We review here a number of drugs and drug-drug interactions seen in general dermatology, including methotrexate, bexarotene, macrolides, cyclosporine, epinephrine, isotretinoin, spirinolactone, allopurinol, and oral contraceptives.
Hailey-Hailey Disease Complicated by Herpes Simplex Viral Infection
Authors: Arnold Morgan , Vu Mai-anh , Grimshaw Emily
Published: September 2017

A 51-year-old man with a history of Hailey-Hailey disease presented to clinic due to worsening discomfort from a rash in his groin. Physical examination of the inguinal area and scrotum revealed grouped, punched-out ulcers on a base of macerated, erythematous plaques. Viral culture from the ulcers was positive for HSV-2. The patient had no known history of Herpesvirus infection. Treatment with oral valacyclovir resulted in marked clinical improvement. Although cases of Hailey-Hailey herpeticum are much less common than the better-studied eczema herpeticum, it is important for physicians to be aware that any disease that disrupts the stratum corneum increases the risk of superimposed HSV infection, which constitutes a medical emergency. Prompt treatment with antiviral agents can hasten patient recovery and optimize outcomes.
Pharmacognostic Standardization and Free Radical Scavenging Evaluation of Meripilus giganteus (Pers.) P. Karst., A Potential
Medicinal Mushroom
Authors: K. Acharya , S. Khatua , S. Pal
Published: September 2017

Background: We aimed to assess the incidence of developing postoperative urethrocutaneous fistulae (UCF) while using
either polyglactin 910 or polydioxanone for the repair of subcoronal hypospadias in paediatric patients. Methods: A
multicenter, two-group posttest-only randomized experimental design was adopted for the study. The study was conducted
at PNS Shifa Hospital Karachi, Combined Military Hospital Malir, Military Hospital Rawalpindi and Combined Military
Hospital Multan from 2009 to 2016. Boys between the ages of 1 – 10 years with confirmed diagnosis of subcoronal
hypospadias suitable for single stage repair with the Snodgrass technique and also completing a minimum follow up of 6
months were targeted for the study. The subjects were later randomized into PG group (those undergoing urethral repair
with polyglactin 901) and PD group (those in whom polydioxanone was used). Both descriptive and inferential statistics
were used for data analysis. SPSS v. 21.0 was used for data analysis with p > 0.05 taken as significant value. Results: Two
hundred patients with confirmed diagnosis of subcoronal hypospadias were recruited for the study in the proposed study
period. Twenty-nine patients (29%) in the PG and 26 (26%) in the PD group developed UCF. There were seven (7%) cases
of wound infection in the PG group compared to four cases (4%) in the PD Group; all eleven of the said were among those
who developed UCF. Meatal stenosis was observed in six patients (6%) in the PG group and in nine patients (9%) of the
PD group. No significant difference in the incidence of postoperative urethral fistula formation with the use of polyglactin
910 versus polydioxanone was however reported by the study findings. Conclusion: As there was no significant difference
in the incidence UCF between Polyglactin 910 and Polydioxanone, the choice of suture material should be based on
economical variations and availability of the two products.
Medicinal Plants: Antibacterial Effects and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil of Foeniculum vulgare
Authors: Foroughi Azadeh , Pournaghi Pouya , Najafi Fariba , Zangeneh Akram , Zangeneh Mohammad Mahdi , Moradi Rohallah
Published: September 2017

Medicinal plants are considered modern resources for producing agents that could act as alternatives to antibiotics in
demeanor of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of the study was to evaluate the chemical composition and
antibacterial activities of essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare (FV) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus
subtilis. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry was done to specify chemical composion. As a screen test to detect
antibacterial properties of the essential oil, agar disk and agar well diffusion methods were employed. Macrobroth tube
test was performed to determinate MIC. The results indicated that the most substance found in FV essential oil was
Trans-anethole (47.41 %), also the essential oil of FV with 0.007 g/ml concentration has prevented P. aeruginosa and
with 0.002 g/ml concentration has prevented B. subtilis from the growth. Thus, the research represents the antibacterial
effects of the medical herb on test P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. We believe that the article provide support to the
antibacterial properties of the essential oil. The results indicate the fact that the essential oil from the plant can be useful
as medicinal or preservatives composition.
Molecular Characterization of Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Clinical Samples
Authors: AL-Azawi Ibtisam Habeeb , Hassan Aqeel Reheeum , Jaber Alaa Hamza
Published: September 2017

A total of 49 different clinical samples (urine n=30, stool n=10, and blood n=8) were collected from patient admitted to the
Al-Sadder medical City in Al-Najaf Governorate-Iraq. The results demonstrated that 49 specimens (100%) were diagnosed
as E. coli by cultural, biochemical characteristics and Vitek2® system. Polymerase Chain Reaction has been used to detect
of some genes which coding antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolates. Regarding genes that responsible for ESBL
enzymes (blaCTX-M, blaOXA and blaTEM), the current results proved that blaTEM genes have highest rate (97.95%) followed
by blaTEM and blaOXA (93.75%) for each.
A Review - Herbs in Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Authors: Nilofar Khan , Rupali Yevale , Jagtap Pravin , Juvatkar Pritam , Mohan Kale
Published: September 2017

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) affects various part of the urinary tract. When it affects the lower part it is known as a bladder
infection and when it affects the upper part it is known as kidney infection clinically, presence of more than 1 Lakh
organisms per ml of midstream sample of urine (MSU) is an indication of urinary tract infection. A pain and burning feeling
when you urinate, Urethral discharge containing pus or mucus, Frequent and urgent need to urinate especially at night,
Obstructed urinary flow, Lower back pain, Unexplained fever, Cloudy urine with visible blood are the common symptoms
of UTI. Cranberry, blue berry, berberine, bearberry, buchu oil etc are found to be effective in urinary tract infection. The
fimbriae of E.coli produce two types of adhesins such as mannose sensitive and mannose resistant adhesins that attach to
receptors on uroepithelial cells. Proanthocyanidin obtained from cranberry, blueberry etc shows extreme inhibitory
activity against mannose-resistant adhesins. In bearberry the active antimicrobial activity is shown by aglycone
hydroquinone which is released in alkaline urine. Buchu leaf is a diuretic and urinary tract antiseptic Urinary tract antiseptic
activity is may be due to its essential oil. The essential oil consists mainly of the monoterpene diosphenol.
In Vitro Diabetogenic Effect of Cadmium on Liver
Authors: Biworo Agung , Amalia Dwi Rezki , Himawan Gratianus Billy , Amalia Lisda Rizky , Halim Valentina , Suhartono Eko
Published: September 2017

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of cadmium (Cd) on glucose metabolism disruption in liver cells
homogenate in vitro. The glucose metabolism disruption was analyzed by measuring the level of liver glucose, glycogen
and methylglyoxal (MG), and the activity of glucokinase activity. In this experiment, a liver sample was taken from male
rats (Rattus novergicus). Samples then homogenized and divided into four groups with; C served as control which contains
liver homogenate only; T1 which contains liver homogenate + 0.03 mg/l of cadmium sulphate (CdSO4); T2 which contains
liver homogenate + 0.3 mg/l of CdSO4; and T3 which contains liver homogenate + 3 mg/l of CdSO4. After treatment, liver
glucose, glycogen, and MG levels, and glucokinase activity were estimated. The activity of liver glucokinase was estimated
by measuring the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) value. The results revealed that Cd exposure could significantly increase
glucose and MG levels, the Km value of glucokinase, and decreased the glycogen level in liver cells (P>0.05). These results
indicated that Cd exposure induced the disruption of glucose metabolism in the liver.
Experimental Investigation of Human Teeth Demineralization by Three Different Water Treatment
Authors: Adhani Rosihan , . Widodo , Aspriyanto Didit , Hayatie Lisda , Suhartono Eko
Published: September 2017

In this present study, we try to investigate the effect of three different water to the demineralization of several tooth
minerals, such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), and fluor (F). Tooth samples were taken from 24 human
maxillary premolars 1 free of caries and defects. All the tooth samples were extracted in Dental Faculty, University of
Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. A water sample is taken from Martapura river, and
households that used a tap and well water in Martapura, Banjar District, South Kalimantan, Indonesia with pH value around
5.8, 6.99, and 7.11 respectively. For the control, we used an aquades with the pH value is about 7.2. Tooth samples then
divided into four groups with; C served as control; T1 which submerge the tooth in river water; T2 which submerge the
tooth in tap water; and T3 which submerge the tooth in a well water. The treatment lasts for 4 days, and each day the
demineralization rate constant and regression coefficient of Ca, Mg, P, and F was analyzed. Generally, the tooth submersion
in river water increased the demineralization rate constant of all tooth minerals that investigated in this study. The results
also show that the treatment shows a negative correlation with demineralization process of all tooth minerals. The results
of this present study indicated that all treatment can cause the demineralization of tooth mineral such as, Ca, Mg, P, and F.
The highest demineralization rate was found in the treatment with river water than another treatment.
Antibacterial Activity and Toxicological Analysis In silico of 7- Hydroxycitronellal
Authors: I. F. Araújo M. , O. R. Freitas F. , M. B. Morais A. , P. Brusten V. , B. Sá S. Nogueira R. , B. Sá S. Nogueira T. , N. A. Sousa M. , G. G. Almeida Filho , O. Lima E. , I. S. Medeiros C.
Published: September 2017

The pharmacological selectivity imposed by the micro-organisms enabled the emergence of new perspectives in the
research field of natural products, in which the monoterpenic phytoconstituents, especially the 7-hydroxycitronellal (7-
OH) present antimicrobial activity. Therefore, this study assessed the in silico antimicrobial and toxicological activity of
the monoterpene 7-OH. The product was solubilized in tween 80 and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Later it was diluted in
sterile distilled water up to the concentration of 2048µg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the product
was determined by microdilution in doubly concentrated brain heart infusion (BHI) medium. The minimum bactericidal
concentration (MBC) was determined by the depletion technique in nutrient agar (NA) with aliquots of 10µL of the MIC,
MIC × 2 and MIC × 4. The MIC and the MBC of the 7-OH was 64µg/mL for S. aureus (ATCC 6538). However, for S.
epidermides (LPM 35), S. aureus (LPM 45) and S. aureus (LPM 55), were 512 and 1024µg/mL respectively. In the in
silico toxicological analysis the absence of mutagenic, tumorigenic effects and damage to the reproductive system were
observed. Therefore, the 7-OH is bactericidal for the strains used in this study and presents a theoretical low oral toxicity.
Estimation of Proximate, Micronutrients and Glycaemic Index of Talas Safira (Colocasia esculenta var. Antiquorum Schott) Growing in
Bantaeng-Indonesia
Authors: M. Lukman , Suparman Adrianus , Hendrarti Wahyu , Umar Abdul Halim , Utami Yuri P. , . Marwati , Fatmawaty Aisyah
Published: September 2017

Bantaeng people cultivate Talas safira (Colocasia esculenta var. Antiquorum Schott) and commonly eat it as a staple food
in their daily as carbohydrate sources. The effect of carbohydrate to glucose blood level can be refer to as glycaemic index
(GI) and glycaemic load (GL). A diet with a high GI and GL are associated with an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes and
obesity. We investigated proximate, micronutrient, heavy metal, GL and GI of Talas safira which cultivated in Bantaeng.
The result revealed marked that Talas safira contain carbohydrate; essential micronutrients and rich of energy (380.55
kJ/100 g). High content carbohydrate of Talas safira refer to high level of GL (high) and GL (high). This results indicated
that Talas safira needs attention to people with metabolic glucose disorder.
Rheumatoid Arthritis: History, Stages, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Al-Rubaye Abeer Fauzi , Kadhim Mohanad Jawad , Hameed Imad Hadi
Published: September 2017

The pharmacological mechanisms of the medicinal plants traditionally used for RA in Persian medicine are discussed in
the current review. Further investigations are mandatory to focus on bioefficacy of these phytochemicals for finding novel
natural drugs. Rheumatoid arthritis is chronic, progressive, disabling autoimmune disease characterized by systemic
inflammation of joints, damaging cartilage and bone around the joints. It is a systemic disease which means that it can
affect the whole body and internal organs such as lungs, heart and eyes. Although numbers of synthetic drugs are being
used as standard treatment for rheumatoid arthritis but they have adverse effect that can compromise the therapeutic
treatment. Unfortunately, there is still no effective known medicinal treatment that cures rheumatoid arthritis as the modern
medicine can only treat the symptoms of this disease that means to relieve pain and inflammation of joints. It is possible
to use the herbs and plants in various forms in order to relieve the pain and inflammation in the joints. There are so many
medicinal plants that have shown anti rheumatoid arthritis properties. So the plants and plant product with significant
advantages are used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The present review is focused on the medicinal plants having
anti rheumatoid arthritis activity
Protective Effects of Indonesian Propolis Against Light-Induced Retinal Damage
Authors: Kustiawan Paula M. , Okuyoshi Hiroyuki , Kuse Yoshiki , Izawa Hiroshi , Saito Yuichi , Tsuruma Kazuhiro , Chanchao Chanpen , Hara Hideaki , Shimazawa Masamitsu
Published: September 2017

The pharmacological and biological activities of Indonesian propolis are mostly unexplored except for its anticancer
properties. This study was designed to explore the protective effects of the methanol extract of Indonesian propolis (MEP)
obtained from the stingless bee (Trigona incisa) against light-induced retinal photoreceptor damage. Murine photoreceptor
(661W) cells were cultured and treated with MEP. The cells were exposed to cellular stress inducers such as tunicamycin,
hydrogen peroxide, and light irradiation. The protective effects of MEP were assessed by determining production of
intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), analyzing changes in nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) level, analyzing
caspase-3/7 activation, and by using the zebrafish retinal degeneration model. MEP significantly reduced cell death induced
by tunicamycin, hydrogen peroxide, and white light irradiation in a concentration-dependent manner. The phosphorylation
of NF-κB decreased and light-induced activation of caspase-3/7 and intracellular accumulation of ROS were inhibited. The
thickness of outer nuclear layer (ONL) in zebrafish retina significantly increased following MEP treatment. The MEP
obtained from stingless bee propolis has a protective effect on photoreceptor retinal cells and has the potential to be
developed as a supplement in prevention of retinal diseases.
Analysis of Bioactive Chemical Compounds of Trogoderma granarium (Insecta: Coleoptera: Dermestidae) Using Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Ubaid Jenan Mohammed , Al-Rubaye Abeer Fauzi , Hameed Imad Hadi
Published: September 2017

Methanolic extract of bioactive compounds of Trogoderma granarium was assayed. GC-MS analysis of Trogoderma
granarium revealed the existence of the Pentanoic acid , 1,1-dimethylpropyl ester , (1H)-Pyrimidinone , 5-chloro-4,6-
diphenyl, Cyclobutanemethanol , α-methyl- , Nitro-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol , Hydroxylamine ,O-(2-methylpropyl)- ,
Uridine , 2',3'-O-(phenylmethylene)- ,Acetic acid ,2-benzoylthio-,2-oxo-2-phenylethyl ester , methylpropyl)- , Uridine ,
2',3'-O-(phenylmethylene)- , 5'-(4-methylbenzenesulfo , Indolinol , 1-benzoyl-, Benzeneethanol , β-methyl-,(s)- , Acetic
acid ,2-benzoylthio-,2-oxo-2-phenylethyl ester , Phenacyl thiocyanate , Deoxy-L-ribose-2,5-dibenzoate , Methenamine ,
Alanine , N-methyl-n-propargyloxycarbonyl-, decyl ester , Benzoyl chloride , Thiophene-2-ol , benzoate , Ethanone , -(5-
nitrotetrazol-2-yl)-1-phenyl- , 2,5-Dimethylhexane-2,5-dihydroperoxide , Benzamide , N-(3-benzylthio-1,2,4-thiadiazol-
5-yl)- , Methyl p-(2-phenyl-1-benzimidazolyl)benzoate , Methyl-2-phenoxyethylamine , Pentaborane(11) , cis-Methoxy-
5-trans-methyl-1R-cyclohexanol , Nitro-1-phenyl-3-(tetrahydropyran-2-yloxy)propan-1-one , cis-Methoxy-5-transmethyl-1R-cyclohexanol.
Trogoderma granarium produce many important secondary metabolites with high biological activities.