bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges in the diagnosis and management of valve disease: the case for the specialist valve clinic
Authors: Messika-Zeitoun David , Burwash Ian G. , Thierry Mesana
Published: October 2019

Valvular heart disease (VHD) is responsible for a major societal and economic burden. Incidence and prevalence of VHD are high and increase as the population ages, creating the next epidemic. In Western countries, the etiology is mostly degenerative or functional disease and strikes an elderly population with multiple comorbidities. Epidemiological studies have shown that VHD is commonly underdiagnosed, leading to patients presenting late in their disease course, to an excess risk of mortality and morbidity and to a missed opportunity for intervention. Once diagnosed, VHD is often undertreated with patients unduly denied intervention, the only available curative treatment. This gap between current recommendations and clinical practice and the marked under-treatment is at least partially related to poor knowledge of current National and International Societies Guidelines. Development of a valvular heart team involving multidisciplinary valve specialists including clinicians, imaging specialists, interventional cardiologists and surgeons is expected to fill these gaps and to offer an integrated care addressing all issues of patient management from evaluation, risk-assessment, decision-making and performance of state-of-the-art surgical and transcatheter interventions. The valvular heart team will select the right treatment for the right patient, improving cost-effectiveness and ultimately patients’ outcomes.
Shipping Disability/Fanfiction: Disrupting Narratives of Fanfiction as Inclusive
Authors: Duchastel de Montrouge Catherine
Published: October 2019

In this essay I will first give a definition of what fanfiction is within the wider online environment of online participatory cultures, as well examine whether inclusiveness holds up as a defining characteristic when disability is taken into consideration. I then examine how the development of fanfiction as a creative practice and of fanfiction-specific genres, have contributed to the queering of fanfiction spaces and practices Finally I argue that subversion and transgression are not best suited to conceptualize fanfiction, and that instead disruption can generate more apt interrogations. Specifically, disruption allows for us to explore fanfiction as both disrupting heteronormative narratives, gendered and fan behaviour expectations, and as disrupting the notion of the fan as a somehow homogenous construction. This affords disability the possibility of being disruptive in turn.
Fanwork: Made From Something Different
Authors: Orlove Hannah
Published: October 2019

Watching Deep Space Nine was an exercise in peering around corners and being unable to get a straight-on view of what I knew to be just beyond my field of vision. Not necessarily in terms of the greater world of the Star Trek universe – that I could see much more easily, as DS9 is still the only Star Trek series that took the time to consider what day-to-day life would be like in the greater world of the show outside of Federation starships thanks to it being set on a space station, boldly parking instead of going – but very specifically, in regards to Julian Bashir. The show’s primary medical character, a bright young doctor straight out of Starfleet Academy, who quickly learns there’s more to his mission than he thought while never losing any of his dedication or kindness.

 

I’ve read about Alexander Siddig’s portrayal of Bashir, of his work turning him from someone deliberately unlikable into one of Star Trek’s beloved characters. I’m familiar with Bashir’s backstory and growth, his canonical developmental disorder and his transformation from fresh-faced graduate to hardened, mature officer. And throughout it all, I’ve always wondered, did they mean for him to sound like me?
It’s Not Weird… Like Werewolves.
Authors: Liang Bridget
Published: October 2019

This paper is both a theoretical and creative exploration using fan ficion. Monsters have drawn my interest because they are often metaphors for marginalized folks. Through histories of marginalized experiences represented as monsters and villains, I claim the monster as my own. In more recent iterations of the monster, I have observed this pull towards the normate looking at the show Teen Wolf in comparison to the 1984 movie by the same name. The monster becomes the protagonist, but in doing so, ends up becoming predominantly white, heterosexual, cisgender, abled, thin, and conventionally attractive. Furthermore, the representations of the monster consist of bodies that draw closer to the normate, but are exemplary of the norms of desirability. In short, they find the hottest models to play as monsters. The monster is no longer the marginalized subject, but becomes an expected, unattainable norm of desirability like Audre Lorde’s “mythical norm”.

 In response to this mythical norm, I have rewritten the scripts as fans sometimes do. In Teen Wolf, the protagonist, Scott McCall becomes abled upon becoming a werewolf. What if he stayed disabled and wasn’t drawn closer to the normate? What if instead, he stayed a disabled nerd and ended up in a relationship with his best friend, Stiles, another disabled nerd? This little slice of life explores a little about what it’s like to be disabled, queer, racialized, and a monster that’s a little more representative of what it’s like to be marginalized.
A PERSPECTIVA HABERMASIANA NA INVESTIGAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Medeiros Marilú Fontoura de
Published: October 2019

Na presente comunicação pretendemos refletir a produção de nossos objetos de pesquisa, tendo a Teoria da Ação Comunicativa como pano de fundo. Com base no desafio de desenvolvimento da autonomia e a construção socioindividual da liberdade - por si só um tema extenso e de complexidade, lançamos o debate acerca dos pressupostos habermasianos em áreas como formação de professores, universidade, avaliação e educação ambiental..
O TEMPO E A FÍSICA
Authors: Filho Solon Pereira da Cruz
Published: October 2019

A principal proposta desse trabalho é mostrar a relatividade do tempo. Inicialmente, o ponto de vista clássico é explorado: a) a entropia do universo crescendo como uma medida de tempo; b) o tempo como algo independente do observador. Depois de um experimento muito especial, a velocidade da luz - ideia introduzida por Einstein - como uma simples matemática, a relatividade do tempo é mostrada. Finalmente, o conceito de "continuo" tempo-espaço é apresentado.
CONCEITOS E MÉTODOS DE ANÁLISE DO CAMPO ARTÍSTICO
Authors: Kern Maria Lúcia Bastos
Published: October 2019

O presente estudo tem em vista retomar os conceitos desenvolvidos por Pierre Bourdieu para a análise do sistema de relações objetivas que se desenvolvem no interior do campo artístico e os fundamentos teóricos que medeiam a atuação do artista como agente social e indivíduo. Para tal. o estudo será baseado apenas nos textos que se centralizam nas problemáticas específicas do campo artístico, apesar da numerosa e significativa produção publicada pelo mencionado sociólogo de 1958 a 1995.
TEMPO E NARRATIVA
Authors: Bordini Maria da Glória
Published: October 2019

A palestra versa sobre a noção de tempo na antiguidade clássica e na modernidade e sua presença na narrativa literária, explorando as posições de Aristóteles e Paul Ricoeur sobre o modo como o discurso poético organiza o tempo físico. Para tanto, parte do modo fundamental de registro do tempo: o histórico, apoiado na experiência e na memória e secundado pelos sistemas sígnicos e pelos aparelhos ideológicos, e examina as transformações que a concepção de tempo sofre ao integrar uma narrativa literária nos seus dois planos compositivos: o da fábula e o do emedo. São utilizados como textos-modelo fragmentos de um episódio da Ilíada, de Homero e de um capítulo do Ulisses, de Joyce.
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE BOURDIEU PARA A ANALISE DO CAMPO EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Silva Tomaz Tadeu da
Published: October 2019

O texto assinala que os estudos e pesquisas de Pierre Bourdieu apresenta uma clara identificação com a educação e com a análise educacional. Observa que no Brasil, até bem pouco tempo, a abordagem desse autor esteve associada com uma de suas obras A reprodução, sendo por isso transformado num pedagogo ou num filósofo educacional, cuja pedagogia devia ser rejeitada em nome de um humanismo otimista, que era justamente o que ele estava criticando. Mais recentemente, no entanto, verifica-se que Bourdieu passa a ser considerado como um teórico social importante para a análise e para a própria teoria da educação.
EL INDIVIDUO EN PEDRO DE JUAN OLIVO
Authors: Perez-Estevez A.
Published: October 2019

Em Oliva o universal perde toda a consistência ontológica. O que existe de fato são os seres singulares. O universal é um produto da re-presentação humana que, através das "razões reais', compreende o individual de forma universal. Entre o mundo da realidade individual e o mundo da universalidade inteligida e expressa pela linguagem, há uma distância muito maior do que supunham seus antecessores.
O CONCEITO DE NATUREZA COMUM EM DUNS ESCOTO
Authors: Cezar Cesar Ribas
Published: October 2019

Ante o fato de que as coisas são singulares e o conhecimento cientifico é universal, Duns Escoto, preocupado em fundamentar a possibilidade da ciência, coloca-se a questão: a natureza, em si mesma, é individual ou universal? Sua resposta, acompanhando a de Avicena, é a de que a natureza, em si mesma, não é nem universal, nem singular, mas indiferente a ambas.
LA RAZIONALITÀ APERTA DI OCKHAM
Authors: Bottin Francesco
Published: October 2019

São inúmeras as interpretações que os modernos dão à obra de Ockham. No presente artigo, o autor afirma que Ockham é o primeiro pensador a conceber a explicação filosófica não mais como uma série de explicações concatenadas, a partir de princípios aceitos, mas como uma estratégia racional, que permite aos filósofos evitar uma série de problemas linguísticos e conceituais.
FISICA ARISTOTELICA E ONNIPOTENZA DI DIO IN GUGLIELMO DI OCKHAM
Authors: Ghisalberti Alessandro
Published: October 2019

A Física aristotélica é questionada em diversos de seus princípios por autores dos séculos XIII e XN, embora eles ainda a aceitem enquanto todo. Ao tratar do problema do poder absoluto de Deus, Ockham afasta-se tanto do "princípio de plenitude" do mundo neoplatônico, como também do "mundo fechado" de Aristóteles.
IL FILOSOFO E LA GUERRA UN DIALOGO A DISTANZA FRA ERASMO E MORO
Authors: Piaia Gregorio
Published: October 2019

Comparando os textos não muito longos de Erasmo e de Tomás Morus a respeito da guerra, percebe-se que este possui influências daquele. Para ambos, há uma clara e radical oposição entre a guerra e o filósofo. Para a guerra, são precisos corpos rudes, que não pensam; para a Filosofia, cérebros interrogadores. Morus parece encontrar mais facilidade em aceitar alguma forma de guerra, enquanto Erasmo vitupera mais acertadamente a estupidez desta forma de violência.
BOÉCIO DE DÁCIA SOBRE O BEM SUPREMO
Authors: Boni Luis A. De
Published: October 2019

Para toda a espécie de ente existe um supremo bem possível. Como o homem também é ente de uma certa espécie, deve haver também um certo bem supremo que lhe seja possível. Não me refiro ao bem supremo em sentido absoluto, mas o supremo bem para o homem, visto que os bens possíveis ao homem têm um fim e não procedem ao infinito. Investiguemos pela razão qual seja este supremo que é possível ao homem. Deve ser ele um bem que se atribui à sua virtude superior. Não se trata, pois, de algo referente à alma vegetativa - que é própria das plantas - nem de algo referente a alma sensitiva - que é própria dos animais, e por isso os deleites sensíveis pertencem aos animais. A virtude superior do homem é a razão e a inteligência; e constitui a direção da vida humana tanto na teoria como na prática. Portanto, o bem supremo, que é possível ao homem, refere-se à sua inteligência. Por isso, devem doer-se os homens que se atêm apenas aos deleites sensíveis, porque relegam os bens intelectuais e assim jamais atingem seu bem supremo. Entregam- se tanto aos sentidos, a ponto de não procurarem o que é bem próprio do intelecto. Contra eles clama o Filósofo, quando diz: "Ai de vós, homens, que sois contados entre o número dos brutos, pois não cuidais daquilo que em vós é divino" [texto não encontrado]. O que ele chama de divino no homem é o intelecto. De fato, se algo de divino existe no homem, é digno que seja o intelecto. Assim, pois, como é divino aquilo que é ótimo no conjunto de todos os entes, assim também chamamos de divino àquilo que é o supremo no homem. Ora, no intelecto humano há uma potência especulativa e uma prática. Isto se manifesta pelo fato de que o homem por vezes é especulativo, a respeito daquelas coisas sobre as quais não exerce sua atividade, como no caso das coisas eternas; e por vezes é também ativo, segundo a determinação do intelecto, ao escolher uma coisa intermediária em todas as ações humanas. Assim sabemos que há genericamente no homem estas duas potências intelectuais.
DIALÉTICA E ANTINOMIA
Authors: Lima Carlos R. V. Cirne
Published: October 2019

A estrutura das antinomias lógicas, redescobertas e reformuladas por Frege e Russell no começo do século XX, consiste num movimento circular que é, ao mesmo tempo, autoflexivo e negativo. Surge, aí, um perpétuo oscilar entre o Sim e o Não, em certos casos, entre verdade e falsidade. Os Lógicos resolvem o problema pela distinção de tipos ou níveis linguagem. Alguns filósofos - Kulenkampff, Kesselring, Wandschneider – pensam ter aí encontrado o mecanismo central que move a Dialética. Procura-se aqui mostrar que estão, pelo menos em grande parte, equivocados. Dialética é algo bem mais simples e mais amplo.
A GÊNESE DA DIALÉTCA EM PLATÃO
Authors: Paviani Jayme
Published: October 2019

A Dialética de Platão, antes de alcançar os estágios dos processos diaíresis e da synagogê e de 'intuir' o Bem, o Uno, passa pelo processo da refutação, elenchos, também conhecido como "diálogo socrático" presente nos primeiros Diálogos. Esta aprendizagem da dialética articula-se com duas origens: a dos argumentos de Zenão de Eléia e a das aporias de Heráclito.
É A DIALÉTICA, NO SENTIDO DA TRADIÇÃO, UMA DOGMÁTICA OBJETIVO-METAFISICA?
Authors: Oliveira Manfredo Araujo de
Published: October 2019

K. O. Apel vê na Dialética uma dupla tarefa. Ela, por um lado, tem que ser um método de estruturar o discurso filosófico; por outro lado, ela tem que dar conta da historicidade com seus fatos contingentes. Se o primeiro aspecto predomina e é levado às últimas consequências, a historicidade desaparece e os fatos perdem sua contingência, como em Hegel e Marx. Se o segundo aspecto predomina e é levado a sério, o método deixa de ser método. A Hermenêutica de Gadamer quer, por isso, substituir o primeiro aspecto, eliminando a Dialética como método. Apel tenta superar esses impasses, introduzindo uma conciliação do Apriori-Corpo com o Apriori-Consciência. O primeiro corresponde à historicidade, o segundo, à necessidade característica do método. Mas Apel para aqui e não faz disso uma Ontologia; o que V. Hoesle e Cirne-Lima, continuando na montagem do mesmo raciocínio, tentam fazer.
SOBRE O & 81 DA ENCICLOPÉDIA E O CONCEITO DE CONTRADIÇÃO EM HEGEL
Authors: Luft Eduardo
Published: October 2019

O autor mostra a especificidade do conceito de contradição em Hegel, a partir da análise do & 81 da Enciclopédia. Em primeiro lugar, demonstra a importância deste conceito para a compreensão efetiva do método dialético. Em segundo lugar, a contradição dialética é apresentada como um conceito complexo, que não pode de modo algum ser confundido com o uso deste termo em lógica formal (em afirmações do tipo p & -p'). Além de conter um elemento pragmático, tal contradição é constituída por três modos diferentes de manifestação, acompanhados de três sentidos diversos a serem especificados ao final do artigo.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NO MESTRADO EM SERVIÇO SOCIAL DA PUCRS
Authors: Bulia Leonia Capaverde , Araujo Jairo Melo , Kern Francisco Arselí , Fernandes Ldilia
Published: October 2019

Este estudo discute a possibilidade de o Serviço Social construir conhecimentos a partir da realidade em que atua. Conclui-se que, embora aplicando conhecimentos oriundos de outras ciências, o Serviço Social produz conhecimentos em sua área específica. As dissertações de mestrado produzidas no período de 1981 a 1995 desvelam esses conhecimentos, sua relevância social, trazendo aportes para a solução dos problemas sociais da sociedade brasileira. Sua contribuição teórica situa-se, sobretudo, no campo das demandas e políticas sociais, embora também seja significativa sua contribuição no aprofundamento das questões teórico-metodológicas do Serviço Social. Verificou-se, nos últimos anos, na produção estudada, a tendência de discussão dos novos paradigmas das ciências humanas e as novas exigências que serão impostas à profissão face às mudanças e avanços científico-tecnológicos do século XXI.
O MITO DE FRANKENSTEIN: o amor negado e denegado
Authors: Ramos Roberto
Published: October 2019

Frankenstein é um dos personagens mais populares da ficção. Nascido no romance de Mary Shelley, ele está completando 180 anos, mas já transcendeu as fronteiras da literatura. Há 65 anos, é encontrado nas telas cinematográficas, somando 117 aparições, perdendo apenas para o Conde Drácula, com 161, no gênero de filmes de terror. Este ensaio, atravessado por suas precariedades e limitações históricas, procurará respostas sobre o mito de Frankenstein. É importante investigar as significações desta experiência de alma, que lhe asseguram atualidade e permanência às vésperas do terceiro milênio. Para tanto, serão usados os pressupostos da Psicanálise, compatibilizados com os do filósofo Louis Althusser.
Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de Incontinencia Urinaria de esfuerzo en mujeres deportistas nulíparas
Authors: Marín Mora Camila María , Fonseca Chaves Mariela
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Descubrir la prevalencia de la Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo (IUE) en las mujeres nulíparas deportistas y qué factores de riesgo se asocian a la misma. Metodología: Se hizo una búsqueda minuciosa en bases de datos utilizando palabras claves en español, inglés y portugués. Se incluyeron solamente artículos con esta población, publicados del 2000 a 2015, y con metodologías de cohortes, casos y controles, de prevalencia, revisiones bibliográficas, y ensayos clínicos aleatorios. La muestra de estudios comprendió 20 artículos, la mayoría en el idioma inglés. Resultados: La prevalencia de IUE encontrada fue muy variada ya que se presentaron casos en los que solo el 9% de mujeres evaluadas la padecían, mientras que, en otros, la totalidad de la población la presentaba. No obstante, las investigaciones con una prevalencia alta concordaron en que las poblaciones estudiadas practicaban deportes de alto impacto y eran de países nórdicos. En cuanto a los factores de riesgo (FR) personales, se destacaron el estreñimiento, la lumbalgia, la inhabilidad de detener el flujo urinario y el asma considerados también factores predictores. Por su parte, los deportes con mayor predisposición a padecer IUE fueron los considerados de alto impacto, así como aquellos que involucraban atajar un objeto. Otros factores que mostraron resultados importantes fueron: la cantidad de años de practicar el deporte, el nivel y el volumen semanal de entrenamiento. Conclusión: A pesar de que aún no existe suficiente evidencia científica que explique la relación de la IUE en mujeres nulíparas deportistas, esta investigación demuestra que el deporte juega un papel importante en el desencadenamiento de este padecimiento.
Northernmost record of Clark’s Grebe, Aechmophorus clarkii (Lawrence, 1858), in Coahuila state, Mexico
Authors: Ríos-Saldaña Andrés Eduardo , Ríos-Saldaña Carlos Antonio
Published: October 2019

This study reports the northernmost record of Aechmophorus clarkii (Lawrence, 1858) in Coahuila state, Mexico. One individual was observed on February 2 and 7, 2019 at El Tulillo pond (25°39.89′ N, 101°26.73′ W) in General Cepeda municipality. These new records are the northeasternmost ones for A. clarkii in Mexico.
First record of Augastes lumachella (Lesson, 1838) (Trochilidae) from the highest peak in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Pacífico Ricardo , Almeda Frank
Published: October 2019

This study records a new locality and elevational record for the Near Threatened Hooded Visorbearer, Augastes lumachella (Lesson, 1838). The record was made at the highest peak in northeastern Brazil, Pico do Barbado, near Catolés within the municipality of Abaíra (Bahia). Our record increases the elevational range of A. lumachella by about 400 m and shows that this species was capable of taking refuge at higher elevations during interglacial periods, as the Pico do Barbado is the highest locality in its entire distributional range.
Geographic range extension of Rapatea paludosa Aubl. (Rapateaceae) to Maranhão state, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Alessandro Wagner Coelho , Lima Gustavo Pereira , Silva Maycon Jordan Costa da , Almeida Jr Eduardo Bezerra de
Published: October 2019

Expansion of the geographic distribution of Rapatea paludosa Aubl. (Rapateaceae) to the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. The occurrence of R. paludosa is reported for the flora of Maranhão from the municipality of Cândido Mendes. This is the second species of the genus found in the state. The collected samples are also the second record of R. paludosa in the Northeastern Region of Brazil, adding information on its geographic distribution. Rapatea paludosa is described, illustrated, and its distribution mapped.
Analisis Dinamik Pada Model Penyebaran Penyakit Campak dengan Pengaruh Vaksin Permanen
Authors: Suandi Dani
Published: October 2019

Penyakit campak merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus golongan Paramixovirus. Kasus campak di Indonesia sering terjadi meskipun telah berhasil direduksi dari angka kejadian 180.000 kasus pada tahun 1990 menjadi sekitar 20.000 kasus pada tahun 2010. Pemberian vaksin campak kepada balita dan anak usia sekolah dasar merupakan salah satu program pemerintah dalam mencegah dan menanggulangi kenaikan angka kejadian penyakit campak. Pada paper ini dikembangkan model matematika untuk penyebaran penyakit campak. Model merupakan sistem dinamik non linear empat dimensi yang menggambarkan pengaruh vaksin permanen terhadap penyebaran penyakit campak. Metode Routh Hurwith digunakan untuk menganalisis kestabilan dari titik ekulibrium endemik. Kita menggunakan basic roproduction number untuk menganlisis keendemikan penyakit yang diperoleh dengan metode next generation matrix. Hasil Analisis dan Simulasi numerik memberikan informasi bahwa laju vaksinasi permanen berpengaruh sangat significant terhadap penurunan populasi manusia yang terinveksi penyakit campak.
PENGGUNAAN METODE MAXIMUM SUPPLY WITH MINIMUM COST UNTUK MENDAPATKAN SOLUSI LAYAK AWAL MASALAH TRANSPORTASI
Authors: Raharjo Wahyu Satrio , Wulan Elis Ratna
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini membahas tentang sebuah masalah transportasi yang diselesaikan dengan metode transportasi Maximum Supply with Minimum Cost. Dimana pada langkah awal kita memilih baris dengan persediaan terbesar, kemudian pilih kolom dengan biaya termurah, setelah itu isi permintaan dengan persediaan semaksimal mungkin, lanjutkan sampai semua permintaan terpenuhi. Objek penelitian pada kasus ini adalah sebuah model transportasi dengan empat buah penyedia dengan tiga buah destinasi dengan jumlah permintaan dan persediaan yang seimbang. Setelah menggunakan metode Maximum Supply with minimum cost pada objek penelitian tersebut diperoleh biaya minimal sebesar $ 332.
Analisis Kestabilan Model Matematika SIA (Susceptible, Infected, AIDS Cases) untuk Penyakit AIDS
Authors: Nurhalimah Nurhalimah , Ilahi Fadilah , Wulan Elis Ratna
Published: October 2019

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) adalah virus penyebab penyakit AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) yang ditemukan di bali pada tahun 1987, kasus HIV dan AIDS menyebar hampir di seluruh provinsi Indonesia dan mengalami peningkatan jumlah penderita setiap tahunnya. Pada paper ini dibahas model matematika untuk penyebaran penyakit HIV-AIDS [1]. Model merupakan sistem dinamik non linier tiga dimensi yang menggambarkan Interaksi tiga populasi yaitu Susceptible, Infected, dan AIDS Cases. Analisis kestabilan dari titik kesetimbangan endemik menggunakan metode Kriteria Routh Hurwitz. Bilangan reproduksi dasar digunakan untuk menganalisis keendemikan penyakit HIV-AIDS yang diperoleh menggunakan next generation matrix [2]. Hasil analisis memberikan informasi bahwa semakin besar nilai bilangan reproduksi dasar maka penyebaran penyakit HIV-AIDS di dalam suatu populasi akan semakin cepat dan dalam waktu yang lama penyakit tersebut akan tetap ada. Berdasarkan analisis sensitivitas diketahui parameter-parameter yang berpengaruh terhadap bilangan reproduksi dasar yaitu tingkat kontak Susceptible dengan Infected, peluang sukses terjadinya transmisi virus HIV dari Infected ke Susceptible, tingkat kontak Susceptible dengan AIDS Cases, peluang sukses terjadinya transmisi virus HIV dari AIDS Cases ke Susceptible, tingkat kematian yang disebabkan oleh penyakit AIDS, dan tingkat penjangkitan virus HIV.
Pengaruh Pendapatan Premi dan Hasil Investasi terhadap Underwriting Dana Tabarru’ pada PT. Asuransi Jiwa Bringin Jiwa Sejahtera
Authors: Darmawansyah Trisna Taufik , Aguspriyani Yani
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari pengaruh variabel bebas yaitu Pendapatan Premi (X1) dan Hasil Investasi (X2) terhadap variabel terikat yaitu Underwriting Dana Tabarru’ (Y). Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif yang menganalisis data dengan alat statistik dalam bentuk angka-angka pada PT Asuransi Jiwa Bringin Jiwa Sejahtera dengan sumber datanya adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dan dan web Resmi PT Asuransi Jiwa Bringin Jiwa Sejahtera (www.bringinlife.co.id), web resmi Otoritas jasa keuangan (www.ojk.go.id).   Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : Pendapatan Premi terbukti berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Underwriting dana Tabaru’. Hasil Investasi terbukti berpengaruh terhadap Underwriting dana Tabaru’ namun tidak begitu signifikan. secara simultan Pendapatan Premi dan Hasil Investasi terbukti berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Underwriting dana Tabaru’.
Efektifitas Himpunan Bebas Linear dalam Menentukan Solusi Sistem Persamaan Linear di Ruang Norm-3
Authors: Sukaesih Esih , Widiastuti T. Tutut
Published: October 2019

Ruang norm-3  didefinisikan sebagai ruang vektor X  yang dilengkapi dengan norm-3 . Pada penelitian ini, diambil ruang vektor X  dengan dim(X)=5  dan  A  adalah himpunan m vektor bebas linear di X, untuk m=2,3,4. Pada kondisi tersebut, dipelajari keefektifitasan himpunan bebas linear A dalam mendekati titik tetap dengan membandingkan galat pada setiap kondisi.
Granular flow simulation in a centrifugal acceleration field
Authors: Cabrera Miguel Angel , Leonardi Alessandro , Peng Chong
Published: October 2019

The use of the geotechnical centrifuge to obtain scaled physical models is a useful tool in geomechanics. When dealing with granular flows, however, the traditional scaling principles are challenged by the complex rheology of the material and by the non-trivial effects of the Coriolis apparent acceleration. In a laboratory centrifuge, obtaining a clear understanding of these effects is further complicated by the technical difficulties in obtaining flows in steady conditions. In this work, the scaling principles for granular flows are studied using a numerical model based on the discrete-element method. In this way it is possible to obtain a steady flow in a rotating reference frame, and to explore the variation of macroscopic properties by changing the scaling factor and the distance from the rotation centre. The outcome is compared with the prediction obtained with a continuum theory for frictional flows. Results show that granular flows scale consistently only when the Coriolis acceleration is negligible, and are severely altered otherwise. The augmented acceleration field is also responsible for an alteration of the flow state, driving the system towards the inertia-driven collisional regime.
Metabolite Extraction and Derivatization of Plasma/ Serum Samples for High Resolution GC-MS- based Metabolomics v1
Authors: Misra Biswapriya , Olivier Michael
Published: October 2019

This protocol provides details on preparation of human and non-human primate blood plasma/ serum extraction, and derivatization for GC-MS based metabolomics data acquisition.
Quantifying Fluorescent Cells in Mammalian Cell Tissue Culture v1
Authors: King Harley
Published: October 2019

Quantifying the change in fluorescent status of cells over time can be an important data point in experimental analysis. Optimally, quantification can be accomplished with flow cytometers. However, these instruments are not available to every lab. Routine analysis and multi-sample preparation can be both time and cost prohibitive. Fluorescent cell quantifcation in cell culture requires a fluorescent microscope and freely available imaging software like Image J.
Bioluminescent Binding Microassay Using Aptamers as Biospecific Elements
Authors: Frank Ludmila A. , Bashmakova Eugenia E. , Goncharova Natalia S. , Krasitskaya Vasilisa V.
Published: October 2019

High specificity is an important requirement for an analytical system aimed at identifying a specific molecular target. Traditionally, antibodies, haptens and some other molecules are used for this purpose. Recently, aptamers were proposed as biospecific elements. Aptamers are short single-stranded oligonucleotides with a unique spatial structure that enables them to recognize target molecules and bind to them. Aptamers are obtained from synthetic random DNA(RNA)-libraries, a pool of oligonucleotides of the same length with different base sequences (1014-1015 variants), by selecting the oligonucleotides that are capable of specific binding to a given target. Aptamers are stable molecules with high affinity and specificity; they can be developed for any target, including toxic and nonimmunogenic ones; and they can be easily synthesized chemically. Due to these useful qualities, aptamers are often considered to be an alternative to antibodies. This paper describes the use of aptamer sensors and a highly sensitive bioluminescent reporter, the Ca2+-regulated photoprotein obelin, for the detection of diagnostically important targets in the blood of patients. Additionally, obelin was successfully applied as a reporter in the process of obtaining aptamers. A proposed bioluminescent solid-phase assay enables the enrichment of the oligonucleotide library with target-specific oligonucleotides to be monitored rapidly, the affinity of individual aptamers and their shortened variants to be evaluated and the relative position of the aptamers on the target molecule to be determined. The results of the studies reviewed in this paper open promising avenues for developing analytical systems that include highly specific aptamer sensing, as well as highly sensitive detection based on bioluminescent reporter proteins
Efficient Utilization of Korean Medical Fungal Pathogen Resource Bank for Clinical Research
Authors: Kim Jayoung , Oh Junsang , Sung Gi-Ho , Lee Hyeyoung , Choi Ji Seon , Lee Sangheun , Kim Minbum , Choi Sun Young
Published: October 2019

A "pathogen resource" contains information about pathogens (e.g., bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa) and microbial derivatives (e.g., DNA, RNA, plasmid, clone, and cDNA). Pathogen resources are important for their potential use in healthcare research because they contain clinical and epidemiological information that is different from microbial resources. In October 2014, the "Nagoya Protocol" on access and benefit-sharing with the Convention on Biological Diversity was enacted to restrict the movement of transboundary pathogens and protect the natural pathogen resources of each country. On July 2017, the Korean Medical Fungal Pathogen Resource Bank (KMFRB) was established to secure, discover, and develop biological resources focused on medical fungi. KMFRB has since been operating under the National Culture Collection for Pathogens of the National Institute of Health based on the Act No. 13992. This report aims to provide general information regarding KMFRB and suggest efficient ways to utilize human fungal pathogen resources for clinical research.
Epidemiological and Mycological Characteristics of Teenagers with Tinea Capitis in Southeastern Korea: Trichophyton tonsurans as the Main Causative Fungus in Recent 10 Years
Authors: Sohng Chihyeon , Kim Jun Young , Park Kyung Duck , Jang Yong Hyun , Lee Seok-Jong , Bang Yong Jun , Jun Jae Bok , Lee Weon Ju
Published: October 2019

Background: Tinea capitis is a contagious fungal infection that occurs predominantly in childhood. Although its incidence has declined, its epidemiological and mycological characteristics are continue to evolve.
Objective: To assess changes in the epidemiological and mycological characteristics of tinea capitis in teenage patients in Southeastern Korea.
Methods: We retrospectively investigated epidemiological and mycological characteristics of 202 teenage patientswith tinea capitis who visited Kyungpook National University Hospital and the Catholic Skin Disease Clinic from
1989-2018.
Results: Of 202 patients, 177 patients showed KOH-positivity. Dermatophytes were cultured from 157 patients. The annual incidence of tinea capitis ranged from 0 to 30 between 1989 and 2018. Of 202 patients, 153 patients (75.74%) were male and 49 patients (24.26%) were female. The ratio of male to female was 1:0.32. For seasonal distribution, 78 patients (38.61%) visited our hospital in winter, 59 patients (29.21%) visited in spring, 35 patients (17.33%) visited in fall, and 30 patients (14.85%) visited in summer. Microsporum canis was the most common dermatophyte (44.06%) isolated from tinea capitis. Trichophyton tonsurans was the second most common dermatophyte (26.73%). For inhabitancy distribution, 151 patients (74.75%) lived in urban areas and 51 (25.25%) lived in rural areas.
Conclusion: The epidemiological characteristics of teenage patients with tinea capitis were distinct from those of adults in annual incidence, sexual distribution and isolated dermatophytes. Trichophyton tonsurans was the main causative organism of tinea capitis in recent 10 years. These results are useful for the targeted treatment and prevention of tinea capitis.
Fungal Melanonychia Caused by Cladosporium Species: A Case Report
Authors: Yoon Ji Ha , An Min Kyun , Park Eun Joo , Kim Kwang Ho , Kim Kwang Joong
Published: October 2019

Fungal melanonychia is typically associated with onychomycosis and is known to be a relatively uncommon nail disorder. The known pathogens causing fungal melanonychia include both dematiaceous and non-dematiaceous fungi. Here we describe the case of a 60-year-old man with a 1-year history of nail discoloration in both index fingers.
The possibility of subungual neoplasm was excluded by histological examination. Subsequent mycological examination revealed the presence of Cladosporium species in the lesion. The patient was successfully treated with oral itraconazole.
Multi-Modal MR/PET Imaging of Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy Against Glioblastoma with Correlated Histology
Authors: Acchiardo JM , Yun YH , Smiley S , Marcadis P , Hutchins GD , Veronesi MC
Published: October 2019

Hypothesis: Immunotherapies hold great promise for treatment of highly resistant cancers, such as glioblastoma (GBM). We hypothesized that high powered imaging can be effectively combined to quantitatively assess the therapeutic efficacy of human derived natural killer (hNK) cells in an orthoptic xenografted mouse model of GBM.
Methods: Tumor take (TT) was established via fluorescence. Mice in the treatment (n=5) and control (n=4) groups were given IV hNK cells and physiological saline, respectively. MRI and PET scans were performed four and six weeks after tumor implantation. Histological slices were taken at time of death. Software analysis of tumor volume, standardized uptake value (SUV), and tumor-to-brain ratio (TBR) was conducted via Qimage and Indica Labs - HALO.
Results: Mean growth rates are as follows: T1 volume (mL) – 4.1 in the control group vs 2.3 in treatment. T2 volume (mL) – 6.0 in control vs 2.7 in treatment. PET volume (mL) – 3.1 in control vs 2.1 in treatment, SUV (g/mL) – 5.4 in control vs 3.0 in treatment. Two-tailed t-test analysis showed statistical significance (p < 0.01) in T1 volume data.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: Treatment group mice showed a trend in reduction in growth rate of tumor volume and SUV compared to control, with a correlated lower histology TBR, suggesting effective in vivo assessment of hNK therapeutic efficacy in the mouse model of GBM via MR/PET imaging. Future trials should provide a larger population size to increase reliability, precision and power.
Community perspectives on early childhood development in Kenya: A qualitative study.
Authors: Alex Brianna , Raciti Catherine , McHenry Dr. Megan
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Kenyan children are at risk for having delayed early childhood development (ECD). The Care for Child Development (CCD) is a program created by UNICEF for the promotion of ECD by increasing caregiver’s knowledge about attitudes, nutrition, communication, playing, and physical health. The objective of this study was to assess key informants’ and caregivers’ perspectives on ECD and the introduction of this CCD-based intervention within the community, as well as caregivers’ perspectives on ECD after receiving the intervention. We hypothesize that caregivers who implement CCD practices into their daily life will have increased nurturing interactions with their children and positively influence their child’s development.
Experimental Design or Project Methods: This study used semi-structured interviews of key informants and focus group discussions of caregivers to elicit perspectives on ECD and a CCD-based intervention in Eldoret, Kenya. The intervention was a curriculum adapted from the CCD program administered within 10 mother-group sessions. Caregivers were interviewed both before and after the intervention, while key informants were interviewed at one time-point. All interviews and focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed and translated. Qualitative analysis was performed using Dedoose software.
Results: Collectively, community members and caregivers believed the relationships a child has with their caregiver, family, and community greatly influences their development. In addition, they believed emotional burden and social stigma are challenges caregivers experience and this limits their ability to take their child to necessary medical services. The intervention group appreciated the parental ECD education and further disseminated the information to other caregivers and members in their community.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: By understanding the community’s collective views, we can implement the CCD program more effectively in Kenya and empower caregivers with the knowledge on how to create an environment that stimulates ECD.
INF-β treatment to prolong t-PA treatment window in cerebral ischemia
Authors: Bosi, BS Kristopher D. , Yen, PhD Jui-Hung
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Cerebral ischemia is the 2nd leading cause of death worldwide. The pathological hallmarks of cerebral ischemia are cell damage, degradation of the blood brain barrier (BBB), and inflammation followed by resident microglia activation, peripheral immune cell infiltration and subsequent secondary neurodegeneration. The first line therapy for ischemic stroke is the thrombolytic, tPA. However, only ten percent of patients are eligible for this treatment – primarily due to the risk of cerebral hemorrhage, secondary to BBB breakdown. Less than ten percent of individuals with acute cerebral ischemia are eligible for tPA. The objective of this study is to establish whether matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, implicated in exacerbating the cerebral infarct volume seen with delayed tPA treatment, can be suppressed with Interferon-β (IFN-β) and thus extend the therapeutic window of tPA.
Experimental Design: We first investigated the therapeutic effect of IFN-β co-administered with t-PA in the mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion. Second, using immunoblotting technique we investigated the expression levels of MMPs in brain endothelial and microglial cells following various treatment combinations of TNFα and PGE2, t-PA, and INF-β.
Results: First, we demonstrated that IFN-β coadministered with tPA reduces the infarct size in ischemic brains. Second, we demonstrated in microglial cells that MMP-9 expression induced by TNFα, PGE2, and tPA can be suppressed by IFN-β treatment. Our experiments to demonstrate the expression levels of MMP-3 and MMP-9 in brain endothelial cells require further optimization.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: Overall these data indicate that IFN-β treatment is a viable therapeutic candidate to suppress the deleterious effects seen in delayed tPA treatment in the setting of acute cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, our preliminary data indicate that the molecular target of IFN-β, in this setting, belong to the MMP family of proteins.
Starting at the Roots: Using Human-Centered Design to Develop a Sex and Pregnancy Education Curriculum for Adolescents in Kenya
Authors: Buehler, BSPH Sean , Thorne, MD, MPH Julie
Published: October 2019

The rate of adolescent pregnancy worldwide remains unacceptably high. Sixteen million adolescent girls between the ages of 15 and 19, and 2 million under the age of 15 become pregnant each year. Ninety-five percent of these births occur in low-income countries, with four times the rate of adolescent pregnancy in the poorest regions of the world compared to high-income countries. There has been a shift globally to focus on the sexual and reproductive health needs of adolescents, including adolescent pregnancy. With increased awareness of this need has come a renewed call for evidence-based provision of adolescentfocused sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) services, as well as programs to prevent pregnancy in this age group.
“Human-centered design” methodology is emerging as an innovative, feasible, and effective participatory approach to program design and implementation in health care. The standard Human Centered Design format includes 5 steps: (1) Understand people’s experiences, challenges, and priorities; (2) Use existing knowledge and new research to define and clarify the problem; (3) Prompt creative thinking to design many different solutions; (4) Build and workshop prototypes of ideas to quickly learn how they can be improved; and (5) Deliver solutions that meet the needs of the target population.
Through this process, design team members identified a need to “help adolescents by removing the uncertainty that surrounds information on pregnancy and treatment choices”. To meet this need, we utilized participatory program development to build an adolescent-specific sex and pregnancy education program at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Kenya.
Platelet Lyophilization and Cryopreservation: A Means of Generating a Standardized In-Vitro Human Blood Clot
Authors: Christodoulides Alexei , Alves, PhD Nathan J.
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Numerous models, both in-vitro and in-vivo, exist for the analysis of blood-clotting pharmacodynamics. However, reliance on animal models, fresh blood, or lack of a complete component profile translates to little standardization/reproducibility of clotting parameters. Given the above limitations, the goal of our study was to generate a reproducible, physiologic human blood clot through cryopreservation and lyophilization of platelets. We hypothesized that the platelets exposed to either lyophilization or cryopreservation would have a prolonged ability to generate reproducible clots; however, clotting functionality might exhibit a setvalue decrease resulting from storage procedures.
Experimental Design or Project Methods: Initial efforts focused on understanding the metabolic effects of storing platelets, plasma, and red blood cells (RBCs) at either 25°C or 4°C over a period of 25days. Glucose consumption was utilized as a proxy for metabolic activity and assessed using a glucose-hexokinase assay. Secondly, RBCs, platelets, and plasma were stored with the aim of maximizing functionality for longer periods: RBCs – 4°C+CPDA1 solution and platelets – cryopreserved (-80°C) or lyophilized. Functionality of stored blood components was assessed over a period of 1-week via Thromboelastographic (TEG) kinetic clotting readouts. Blood samples were provided by healthy volunteers (n=6).
Results: Utilization of glucose by RBCs and platelets was significantly increased during storage at 25°C versus 4°C, with RBCs maintaining very consistent glucose consumption rates compared to platelets. Lastly, by 1-week of storage, wholeblood is able to maintain consistent clotting better than samples utilizing cryopreserved platelets.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: Through our work, we were able to generate a reproducible synthetic human blood clot after 1-week of whole-blood storage as described by TEG parameters; a major stride in the ultimate goal of generating a model for pharmaceutical testing. Although not all parameters were preserved, we were able to maintain relative differences, ensuring consistent coagulability even with cryopreserved platelets. Further work will be conducted to understand the effects of greater storage durations.
Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry
Authors: D’Arnaud Lindsey , Husmann, PhD Polly R.
Published: October 2019

Background and Hypothesis: Recent research in anatomy education found no relationship between prior anatomy coursework and gross anatomy outcomes at the professional school level (Robertson et al., 2019). Here we investigated whether prior coursework in anatomy and/or physiology produced differences in Human Structure course outcomes, study habits, or change thereof among first year medical students.
Project Methods: A survey was administered at the beginning and end of Human Structure for the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 classes, collecting data about planned study habits, reported study habits, course outcomes, prior coursework, and other demographic information. The survey used Likert scale and open-ended questions. The data were then analyzed using SPSS; independent samples t-tests were used to compare final Human Structure grades, specific types of study methods and changes thereof, and overall study habit change among students with and without prior anatomy and/or physiology coursework.
Results: It was found that students with prior coursework deviated less from initial study plans, employed certain methods more, and outperformed students without such coursework. Compared to their counterparts, students with prior anatomy or physiology at the college level or higher changed responses to 6.43% fewer questions regarding study habits between the start and end of Human Structure (p=0.015). These students with prior experience used comparatively more text-based, lab-based, and web-based resources, also showing decreased change in the aforementioned categories as well as in self-made study resources. Lastly, students who took separate anatomy and physiology classes at a college level or higher scored 3.72% higher in Human Structure at IU (p=0.029).
Conclusion and Potential Impact: Students without prior coursework in anatomy and physiology demonstrated relative uncertainty in their study habits during Human Structure in medical school. It may be productive to offer such students extra help in devising a study plan at the start of the course.