bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’agriculture urbaine comme opportunité de construction politique
Authors: Gisclard Marie , Raymond Richard
Published: April 2018

On the outskirts of the city of Diyarbakır, the Hevsel Gardens host a small vegetable gardening activity intended for the local market. Most studies on modern cities acknowledge the benefits of urban agriculture in terms of landscaping, social, economic and environmental aspects. Yet, Diyarbakır’s growth questions the sustainability of the gardens and puts into relief the asymmetric relationship that binds them to a city that dominates them on all perspectives. This article highlights these unbalanced relationships between the Gardens and the city assuming the potential empowering role of Hevsel Gardens on both social and territorial levels. To this end, three different socio-political projects that could redefine the interdependence between Diyarbakır and the Gardens are exposed. These projects stem from the regulation of the use of water resources which are lacking both in quality and quantity: a technical-commercial project within the centralized official political networks; a project of pragmatic adaptation and resilience specific to the farmers; and a project inspired by Murray Bookchin’s anarchist theories based on social ecology and libertarian city management. The coexistence of these three projects and their competition calls for the re-examination of the relationship between the city and the gardens, and for an alternative to the processes of concentration of powers in the metropolis for the conservation of these gardens and their specificities.
Découvrir les jardins de l’Hevsel
Authors: Boucly Julien
Published: April 2018

During the Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape UNESCO inscription process, the candidate site to World Heritage list has been rediscovered. Experts, artists, urban planners and inhabitants are now looking at Hevsel Gardens in a different way and give it a new historical and cultural value. This research aims to give an overview of the great events and works which have led the Gardens to becoming a heritage site.
Le scopitone est-il un ancêtre du clip ?
Authors: Orillard Audrey
Published: April 2018

Peut-on comparer vidéoclips et scopitones, pour en faire les lointains parents d’un même genre audiovisuel ? C’est ce que pensent les producteurs de télévision dès les années 1980, en plaçant les scopitones – ces chansons filmées des années 1960 diffusées sur des juke-box à écran dans les cafés – comme ancêtres du clip, qui déferle alors sur le petit écran. Inscrite dans une perspective d’histoire des techniques, l’étude des conditions de production et de diffusion des scopitones permet de questionner la construction de la généalogie scopitone-clip et notamment de mettre au jour l’évolution significative de la place de la chanson filmée dans les pratiques commerciales de l’industrie musicale. Chemin faisant, l’histoire de la production audiovisuelle musicale permet d’ancrer le clip dans une histoire plus vaste des cultures populaires du xxe siècle, à la croisée du cinéma et de la télévision.
Les storyworlds non naturels et impossibles de Michel Gondry : la mise en abyme dans “Bachelorette”
Authors: Buckland Warren
Published: April 2018

La première moitié de l’article dégage les principaux procédés rhétoriques et narratologiques utilisés par le vidéaste Michel Gondry dans trois de ses clips les plus emblématiques (« Come into My World » [2002], « Deadweight » [1997] et « Let Forever Be » [1999]) afin de créer des storyworlds non naturels et impossibles. Ces procédés comprennent l’antithèse, la similarité, l’inversion, le déplacement, la duplication/répétition, l’agrandissement/réduction, la substitution, la superposition, l’enchâssement et la mise en abyme. Dans la deuxième moitié, nous étudions la création par Gondry d’un storyworld complexe dans « Bachelorette », réalisé pour Björk en 1997.
L’œuvre débordante de Beyoncé ; ou l’histoire et l’avenir du clip musical
Authors: Vernallis Carol
Published: April 2018

Cet article a pour objectif général de montrer comment analyser des clips musicaux. En m’intéressant à plusieurs vidéos de Beyoncé ainsi qu’à d’autres exemples issus de l’histoire du clip, je montrerai comment Beyoncé en est venue à incarner une figure charnière de cette histoire : celle qui est parvenue à nouer innovation formelle et préservation du passé de cette forme. Je proposerai une définition opératoire de ce genre avant d’évoquer les influences technologiques et socioéconomiques à l’œuvre dans le clip musical. Je mettrai en lumière les spécificités de ce genre ainsi que les évolutions des relations entre image et son. J’interrogerai la manière dont on peut se saisir de la technologie, de la plateforme et du style musical.
Vidéochoréomorphose : danses et vidéo-clips au Mali
Authors: Djebbari Elina
Published: April 2018

Au Mali, le vidéo-clip constitue pour les artistes l’un des meilleurs médias pour se faire connaître du grand public, diffusé aussi bien à la télévision que sur internet. S’il existe une grande variété de mise en images des performances musicales, de nombreux clips font cependant de la danse une constituante majeure de cet outil promotionnel. À travers l’analyse d’un corpus de clips mettant en scène différents types de danse, de la danse traditionnelle à la danse de clip, cet article propose d’explorer leurs rôles comme autant de modalités par lesquelles les musiciens et les danseurs affirment leur présence dans l’espace public au Mali, articulant un imaginaire du local à des conventions partagées à l’échelle globale. En abordant l’émergence de la danse de clip comme nouveau genre chorégraphique avec ses logiques créatives spécifiques, la notion de vidéochoréomorphose est proposée comme outil analytique pour comprendre comment le matériau dansé est transformé tant par le format du clip que par les techniques audiovisuelles. Au-delà des images, l’attention portée aux contraintes économiques qui sous-tendent la production des clips et aux discours des danseurs permet de comprendre les tensions entre aspirations professionnelles et registres de légitimation qui traversent le monde de la danse au Mali.
Les clips de musique régionale indienne, dreamcatchers d’une économie de l’attention
Authors: Nowak Florence
Published: April 2018

L’industrie musicale du Garhwal (Inde du Nord) produit des clips de variété en dialecte régional qui circulent en partie sur Internet. Ces vidéos apparaissent comme le support d’une écoute engagée : elles fédèrent les auditeurs de différents milieux géographiques et socioprofessionnels, dont les échanges autour de la musique nourrissent des liens interpersonnels et des débats esthétiques ou éthiques. Les clips sont diffusés sur des sites de streaming comme YouTube, mais aussi sur des sites informatifs dédiés au Garhwal et enfin sur des pages personnelles et des blogs, où l’on remarque que les auditeurs expatriés sont particulièrement attachés à l’évaluation culturelle et politique des clips régionaux. Cette écoute chargée émotionnellement et idéologiquement porte différents enjeux pour les distributeurs et les créateurs : si tous les acteurs trouvent une gratification dans la capacité des clips à concentrer l’attention, leurs moyens (notamment légaux) de valorisation de cette attention sont très inégaux.
Лагранжевы подпространства, дельта-матроиды и четырехчленные соотношения
Authors: Zhukov Vyacheslav Igorevich
Published: April 2018

Инварианты конечного порядка (инварианты Васильева) узлов выражаются в терминах весовых систем - функций на хордовых диаграммах (вложенных графах с одной вершиной), удовлетворяющих четырехчленным соотношениям. У весовых систем имеется графовый аналог - $4$-инварианты графов, т.е. функции на графах, удовлетворяющие четырехчленному соотношению для графов. Каждый $4$-инвариант определяет весовую систему.
Понятие весовой системы естественно обобщается на случай вложенных графов с произвольным числом вершин. Такие вложенные графы отвечают зацеплениям - каждой компоненте зацепления соответствует вершина вложенного графа.
Недавно было предложено два подхода к распространению понятия $4$-инварианта графов на случай комбинаторных структур, отвечающих вложенным графам с произвольным числом вершин. С одной стороны, В. А. Клепцын и Е. Ю. Смирнов предложили рассматривать функции на лагранжевых подпространствах в симплектических пространствах над полем из двух элементов и ввели четырехчленные соотношения для них. С другой стороны, В. И. Жуков и С. К. Ландо предложили четырехчленные соотношения для функций на бинарных дельта-матроидах.
В этой статье мы доказываем совпадение двух указанных подходов.
Evaluación de humedales artificiales de flujo libre superficial con macrófitas acuáticas flotantes
Authors: Soler C. , Crespi R. , Soler E. , Pugliese M.
Published: April 2018

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el comportamiento de humedales artificiales con macrófitas acuáticas, en la concentración de contaminantes de efluentes urbanos. Se construyó un sistema a escala piloto, con dos coberturas de plantas flotantes y dos tiempos de residencia hidráulico, trabajando con flujo laminar continuo. La menor concentración de la demanda química de oxígeno y la demanda biológica de oxígeno, se obtuvieron con la menor cobertura y el mayor tiempo de residencia hidráulico; registrándose poca influencia de las variables en la concentración de nitrógeno total y sólidos suspendidos totales, siendo la respuesta significativa para fósforo total con la menor cobertura de plantas. Hubo una remoción altamente significativa de coliformes totales, independientemente de la cobertura y a favor del mayor tiempo de residencia hidráulico. El uso de humedales de flujo libre superficial es auspicioso para el control sanitario, demostrando baja incidencia sobre nitrógeno total y fósforo total.
La influencia del Flashing y la Cavitación en la formación de “scallops” en cuevas kársticas. El caso de la Cueva de los Chorros (Albacete, España): Teoría del sifón inverso en el fenómeno del “Reventón”
Authors: Pavía Alemany F. , Rodríguez-Estrella T.
Published: April 2018

En este trabajo, se estudia la influencia de las presiones negativas del Flashing y la Cavitación en la formación de “scallops” en cuevas kársticas. En este sentido, se analiza el caso particular de la Cueva de los Chorros (Albacete, España) y se propone la teoría del sifón inverso para explicar el fenómeno del “Reventón”.
Youngsters Perception Toward Social Networking Advertising: Does Social Media Advertising Factors Still Matter?
Authors: Owee Kowang Tan , Jonid Nurul Amalina Binti , Kim Yew Lim , Chin Fei Goh , Hee Ong Choon
Published: April 2018

Social Networking Sites (SNS) including Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Linkedin, Flickr and My Space are significantly grown in popularity among youngster and has become powerful media for advertisers as well as advertising industry all around the world. Advertising via social networking platform allows segmentation of advertising activities based on customers’ demographic. Hence, it is different from social medial advertising which is public-focused based. Thus, this study aims to explore does the important success factors for social media advertising still matter toward youngsters’ perception on social networking advertising. As such, the study assess the relationships between five main social media advertising success factors (informativeness, entertainment, credibility, irritation and customization) with  youngsters’ perception toward social networking advertising. The study is quantitative based. Data was collected from 274 undergraduate students from the Faculty of Management (FM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) via convenience sampling technique. Data analysis was done via descriptive analysis and Person correlation test. The findings from the study suggested that all the five social media advertising factors are significantly correlated with youngsters’ attitude towards social network advertising. In addition, finding from this study also revealed that credibility or the trustworthiness of social network advertising is viewed by youngsters as the least important factor. Perhaps this is because of youngsters generally view information in social network is lack of reliability and credibility as compare with traditional face to face networking platform.
Impact of Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Employees Performance
Authors: Ismail Samreen , Iqbal Zafar , Adeel Muhammad
Published: April 2018

Organizational Justice has been considered a significant subject in the operative organizations functioning. Whereas Organizational Citizenship Behavior is important to achieve the organizational success therefore organizations encourage and facilitate the OCB in order to produce effectiveness and efficiency in organization functions. The primary aim of this research is to investigate the role of organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior in enhancing employees’ performance in academic setting. Organizational justice plays a pivotal role in shaping individual behavior and particularly extra role behavior such organizational citizenship behavior. To answer the research question, the cross sectional data were collected through a questionnaire from 190 employees working in different universities of Azad Kashmir Pakistan. Our findings reveal that there is a significant positive association among organizational justice (OJ), organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and Employees performance (EP). The results indicated that Organizational Justice and Organization Citizenship Behaviors was significant predictor of Employees performance. This research contributes to the managerial literature by identifying and applying theoretical concepts into a different sample and organizational settings.
Idiosyncratic Pain Patterns During Exhaustive Exercise
Authors: Slapšinskaite Agne , Razon Selen , Balagué Natàlia , Šciupokas Arunas , Hristovski Robert , Tenenbaum Gershon
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamical distribution of pain in constant cycling and running tasks up to the point of exhaustion. Ten participants (M = 20.8 years old, SD = ± 1.03) ran and cycled at a “hard” intensity level (e.g., Borg’s RPE (6–20) = 15). During task performance, participants reported their pain on a body map every 15s. Three distinct and consistent pain distribution patterns emerged: adders who added pain locations, jumpers who switched among pain locations, and adders-jumpers who both added and switched among pain locations throughout the effort. These distribution patterns had a significant effect (p < .001) on pain stability (i.e., the time spent within the same pain location) and on total number of changes in pain locations (p < 0.04); which differed between the adders and jumpers (p < .035). Task endurance was associated with the total number of changes of pain locations (r = .46, p < .04). Finally, a significant effect of time on the number of symmetric locations χ2 (10,4) = 16.17, p < .003 emerged in running. Idiosyncratic pain distribution patterns with more switching among pain locations throughout effort seemed to increase time on task. Further scientific evidence is needed for confirming the extent to which idiosyncratic pain distribution patterns account for and/or help pain management within clinical settings.
Reviewing the Development of Self-Concept: Implications for an Enhanced Model
Authors: Collyer Delaney A. , Boseovski Janet , Marcovitch Stuart
Published: April 2018

According to the multiple self-aspects framework, self-concept structure is highly influenced by overlap between self-aspects, and affective spillover may occur when affective reactions to feedback in one domain affect the highly overlapping self-aspects. We review the literature on this framework focusing on developmental implications, and present evidence that trait and emotion information is organized into a self-concept structure at an early age. Further, we propose ways in which examining self-concept contents and structure may inform our understanding of children’s motivation and emotion regulation, the organization of self-aspects across development, and the refinement of models of the emergence and development of self-views.
Organizational Climate at the Jordanian Public High Schools and its Relation to the Teachers' Job Performance
Authors: Al-Saud Rateb S. , Radwan Khitam N.
Published: April 2018

This study aimed at identifying the organizational climate at the Jordanian public high schools and its relation to the teachers' job performance. The sample of the study consisted of (100) high school principals, who were chosen using the stratified random technique, and three teachers who work with each of those 100 principals, who were chosen randomly, during the academic year 2016-2017.The findings of the study indicated that both of the organizational climate and job performance at public high schools in Jordan was medium. Furthermore, the results indicated a statistically significant positive correlative relationship at (α=0.05) between the level of the organizational climate in the public secondary schools in Jordan and the level of teachers' job performance in these schools. Accordingly, the two researchers recommend that the Ministry of Education should improve the organizational climate in secondary schools in Jordan and hold training courses for principals in this field.
Using Correspondence Analysis to Explore the Relationship Between Information Sources and Elderly Tourist Segments
Authors: Saribut Salitta
Published: April 2018

This research aimed 1) to segment the target market of New-Age Elderly tourists, and 2) to define the data source that each group of New-Age Elderly tourists used for their trip planning by collecting data from 420 samples of Thai tourists aged between 60-80  years old in tourist attractions in cities. It was found from the findings that we can group New-Age Elderly tourists into five segments. Having analyzed the relationship between sources of tourism information and five segments of New-Age Elderly tourists the results can be summarized as follows. The first segment (‘Worried’) stressed making decisions and only felt confident after reading and having seen pictures. This group then stressed using tourism sources from leaflets or brochures. The second segment (‘Accepting aging’), saw it as a fact of life that no one can control aging and that it should be accepted. They stressed using friends and relatives as sources of tourism information. The third segment (‘Firmly with changes’) dared to face up to new things and considered life as an adventure. Plus, they sought out new and unseen tourism destinations that seemed exciting and wild so, they stressed using tourism data sources from tourism magazines and TV programs. The fourth segment (‘Young at heart’) were those with life satisfaction, who loved having fun and always felt young. They wanted to travel and stressed using data sources directly from tour agencies. The fifth segment (‘Consciousness’) were conscious in their actions and did not dwell on the past. This segment stressed using information sources from articles in travel magazines, newspapers, or journals. This study provides more understanding about the concept of the New-Age Elderly that makes a contribution to both research in the area of the New-Age Elderly and for practitioners in the tourism industry.
Dipstick Assay for Rapid Detection of Beer Spoilage Organisms
Authors: Janagama Harish K , Mai Tam , Han Sukkhyun , Nadala Lourdes M , Nadala Cesar , Samadpour Mansour
Published: April 2018

Background: Beer spoilage caused by wild yeast and bacteria is a major concern to both commercial and home brewers. Objective: To address this problem, Molecular Epidemiology Inc. (MEI, Seattle, WA) has developed a beer spoilage organism detection kit consisting of an enrichment media (BSE) and a multiplex PCR DNA dipstick that simultaneously detects these organisms within 2 h following enrichment. Methods: The kit was tested by using samples obtained from breweries located in the Greater Seattle area. Samples were spiked with the target microbes, when necessary, and used for assessing the performance characteristics of the DNA dipstick assay. Microbial enumerations were performed as per the standard microbiological plating methods. The suitability of the BSE medium to support the growth of beer spoilage microbes was compared with the industry-approved NBB-C medium (Dohler, Darmstadt, Germany). Results: Inclusivity (a panel of 50 isolates) and Exclusivity (a panel of 92 isolates) testing indicated that the dipstick assay can exclusively detect the indicated target beer spoilage microbes. When compared with the NBB-C medium (Dohler, Darmstadt, Germany) approved by the European Brewers Convention for beer spoilage organisms, the BSE medium supported faster growth of critical spoilage lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus brevis, L. lindneri, and Pediococcus damnosus. Conclusions: The beer spoilage organism detection kit has a detection limit of 10 cells/mL. Highlights: The kit can be used at different stages of the brewing process, thus offering a convenient, cost effective, and faster test system for brewers interested in monitoring the quality of their product.
Confirmation and Identification of Salmonella spp., Cronobacter spp., and Other Gram-Negative Organisms by the Bruker MALDI Biotyper Method: Collaborative Study, First Action 2017.09
Authors: Bastin Benjamin , Bird Patrick , Benzinger M Joseph , Crowley Erin , Agin James , Goins David , Sohier Daniele , Timke Markus , Shi Gongyi , Kostrzewa Markus
Published: April 2018

The Bruker MALDI Biotyper® method utilizes matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS for the rapid and accurate identification and confirmation of Gram-negative bacteria from select media types. The alternative method was evaluated using nonselective and selective agars to identify Cronobacter spp., Salmonella spp., and select Gram-negative bacteria. Results obtained by the Bruker MALDI Biotyper were compared to the traditional biochemical methods as prescribed in the appropriate reference methods. Two collaborative studies were organized, one in the United States focusing on Cronobacter spp. and other Gram-negative bacteria, and one in Europe focusing on Salmonella spp. and other Gram-negative bacteria. Fourteen collaborators from seven laboratories located within the United States participated in the first collaborative study for Cronobacter spp. Fifteen collaborators from 15 service laboratories located within Europe participated in the second collaborative study for Salmonella spp. For each target organism (either Salmonella spp. or Cronobacter spp.), a total of 24 blind-coded isolates were evaluated. In each set of 24 organisms, there were 16 inclusivity organisms (Cronobacter spp. or Salmonella spp.) and 8 exclusivity organisms (closely related non-Cronobacter spp. and non-Salmonella spp. Gram-negative organisms). After testing was completed, the total percentage of correct identifications from each agar type for each strain was determined at a percentage of 100.0% to the genus level for the Cronobacter study and a percentage of 100.0% to the genus level for the Salmonella study. For both non-Cronobacter and non-Salmonella organisms, a percentage of 100.0% was correctly identified. The results indicated that the alternative method produced equivalent results when compared to the confirmatory procedures specified by each reference method.
Confirmation and Identification of Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria spp. and Other Gram-Positive Organisms by the Bruker MALDI Biotyper Method: Collaborative Study, First Action 2017.10
Authors: Bastin Benjamin , Bird Patrick , Crowley Erin , Benzinger M Joseph , Agin James , Goins David , Sohier Daniele , Timke Markus , Awad Marian , Kostrzewa Markus
Published: April 2018

The Bruker MALDI Biotyper® method utilizes matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS for the rapid and accurate confirmation and identification of Gram-positive bacteria from select media types. This alternative method was evaluated using nonselective and selective agar plates to identify and confirm Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria species, and select Gram-positive bacteria. Results obtained by the Bruker MALDI Biotyper were compared with the traditional biochemical methods as prescribed in the appropriate reference method standards. Sixteen collaborators from 16 different laboratories located within the European Union participated in the collaborative study. A total of 36 blind-coded isolates were evaluated by each collaborator. In each set of 36 organisms, there were 16 L. monocytogenes strains, 12 non-monocytogenes Listeria species strains, and 8 additional Gram-positive exclusivity strains. After testing was completed, the total percentage of correct identifications (to both genus and species level) and confirmation from each agar type for each strain was determined at a percentage of 99.9% to the genus level and 98.8% to the species level. The results indicated that the alternative method produced equivalent results when compared with the confirmatory procedures specified by each reference method.
A Validated Quantification of Sudan Red Dyes in Spicery using TLC and a 16-bit Flatbed Scanner
Authors: Milz Barbara , Schnurr Philip , Grafmüller Jannis , Oehler Kevin , Spangenberg Bernd
Published: April 2018

We present a video-densitometric quantification method for Sudan red dyes in spices and spice mixtures, separated by TLC. Application was done band-wise in small dots using a 5 μL glass pipette. For separation, the RP-18 plates (20 × 20 cm with fluorescent dye; Merck, Germany, 1.05559) were developed in a vertical developing chamber without vapor saturation from the starting point to a distance of 70 mm by using acetonitrile, methanol, and aqueous ammonia solution (25%; 8 + 1.8 + 0.2, v/v) as mobile phase. The quantification is based on direct measurements using an inexpensive 16-bit flatbed scanner for color measurements (in red, green, and blue). Evaluation of only the green channel makes the measurements very specific. For linearization, an extended Kubelka-Munk expression for data transformation was used. The range of linearity covers more than two magnitudes and lies between 20 and 500 ng. The extraction from a 2 g sample with acetonitrile, evaporation, and reconstitution to 200 μL with methanol and the band-wise application (7 mm) of a 10 μL sample allows a statistically defined LOD of less than 500 ppb of Sudan red dyes. To perform the analysis, a separation chamber, RP-18 plates, 5 μL glass pipettes, and a 16-bit flatbed scanner for 105 € are needed; therefore, the separation method is inexpensive, fast, and reliable.
Accounting Ratio Analyses of Inequality of Minority Lawyers
Authors: Song KiKyung , Whang EunYoung ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2018

With the expansion of clientele’s demographics and international transactions, many law firms began to open doors to non-mainstreamers—minority lawyers to join the legal workforce. Decades have passed and the inequality in compensation between minority and non-minority attorneys is still one of the most controversial issues in the legal profession. Based on human capital and labor discrimination theory, we examine the productivity and compensation differences between minority attorneys and non-minority counterparts. The sample consists of 554 firm-year observations of the 200 largest U.S law firms from 2013 to 2016. We use OLS with clustered standard errors by year. We find minority partners are more likely to provide relatively routine and template-based services, which do not command fee premium, which results in low productivity of minority partners. We find that minority partners are compensated less than their non-minority counterparts after controlling for productivity. This paper aids in the understanding of diversity in the workplace and the effect of diversity on a firms’ productivity and the type of services to provide. Also, this paper has implications on the compensation gap between minorities and their non-minority counterparts.
THE ADVANCED AERONAUTICAL MANUFACTURING CENTRE, FROM PROJECT TO REALITY
Authors: LOPEZ  DE LA CALLE MARCAIDE LUIS NORBERTO
Published: April 2018

Located in the Technological Park of Bizkaia, it was inaugurated on 15 November and is a leading centre of aeronautical manufacturing, with international projection and focused on the improvement of industrial processes and advanced machinery.
HYDRO-MECHANICAL COUPLING TEST AND MESOSCOPIC NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SANDSTONE WITH A SINGLE INFILLED JOINT
Authors: LIN CHUN , YU JIN , CAI YANIAN , CHEN XU , KANG HENGYI
Published: April 2018

Studies on the hydro-mechanical coupling of sandstone with a prefabricated joint should focus on variations in interior structures under the hydraulic coupling effect. However, existing experimental and numerical studies have emphasized the macroscopic mechanics of jointed sandstone, and only a few works have explained the permeability evolution of jointed rocks from the perspective of mesostructural changes. Here, a numerical model of the fluid–solid coupling discrete element was constructed at the mesoscale to study the triaxial compression mechanics and permeability evolution of jointed sandstone under osmotic pressure from the mesoscopic perspective. This model was based on a triaxial test performed on the mechanical properties and permeability of jointed sandstone at different prefabricated angles. The influencing laws of a prefabricated angle (a) under hydro-mechanical coupling conditions on the deviatoric stress–strain curves, failure mode, and permeability evolution of jointed sandstone were analyzed. Results show that a pressure circle with a large area existed in the prefabricated joint during the triaxial test, which indicate that the prefabricated joint is highly sensitive to hydraulic pressure. The anisotropy of soft bonding particles and different tensile crack/shear crack ratios under osmotic pressure leads to the varying peak strengths and failure modes of the samples. The microcracks formed by the bond failure of sandstone particles and the permeability of jointed sandstone at different prefabricated angles exhibit different variation laws with coordinated changes in mesostructure and microcrack. Research conclusions can provide theoretical references for studies on the mesomechanics of jointed sandstone under hydro-mechanical coupling behavior.

Keywords: Hydro-mechanical coupling, Prefabricated joint, Fluid–solid coupling, Mesoscopic numerical simulation, Permeability
Cancer/testis antigen‐Plac1 promotes invasion and metastasis of breast cancer through Furin/NICD/PTEN signaling pathway
Authors: Li Yongfei , Chu Jiahui , Li Jun , Feng Wanting , Yang Fan , Wang Yifan , Zhang Yanhong , Sun Chunxiao , Yang Mengzhu , Vasilatos Shauna N. , Huang Yi , Fu Ziyi , Yin Yongmei
Published: April 2018

Placenta‐specific protein 1 (Plac1) is a cancer/testis antigen that plays a critical role in promoting cancer initiation and progression. However, the clinical significance and mechanism of Plac1 in cancer progression remain elusive. Here, we report that Plac1 is an important oncogenic and prognostic factor, which physically interacts with Furin to drive breast cancer invasion and metastasis. We have shown that Plac1 expression positively correlates with clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, hormone receptor status, and overall patient survival. Overexpression of Plac1 promoted invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Co‐immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence cell staining assays revealed that interaction of Plac1 and Furin degraded Notch1 and generated Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD) that could inhibit PTEN activity. These findings are consistent with the results of microarray study in MDA‐MB‐231 cells overexpressing Plac1. A rescue study showed that inhibition of Furin and overexpression of PTEN in Plac1 overexpression cells blocked Plac1‐induced tumor cell progression. Taken together, our findings suggest that functional interaction between Plac1 and Furin enhances breast cancer invasion and metastasis and the Furin/NICD/PTEN axis may act as an important therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
Cascade Formation of C3‐Unsymmetric Spirooxindoles via PhI(OAc)2‐Mediated Oxidative C−C/C−N Bond Formation
Authors: Sun Jiyun , Li Guangchen , Zhang Guangtao , Cong Ying , An Xuechan , Zhang‐Negrerie Daisy , Du Yunfei
Published: April 2018

A series of C3‐unsymmetric spirooxindoles were achieved by reaction of diphenylmalonamides with PhI(OAc)2 (PIDA) under metal‐free conditions. Control experiments suggest that the hypervalent iodine‐mediated reaction undergoes a cascade process involving an oxidative C−C bond formation preceeding an oxidative C−N bond formation.

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Nanoscale Artificial Plasmonic Lattice in Self‐Assembled Vertically Aligned Nitride–Metal Hybrid Metamaterials
Authors: Huang Jijie , Wang Xuejing , Hogan Nicki L. , Wu Shengxiang , Lu Ping , Fan Zhe , Dai Yaomin , Zeng Beibei , Starko‐Bowes Ryan , Jian Jie , Wang Han , Li Leigang , Prasankumar Rohit P. , Yarotski Dmitry , Sheldon Matthew , Chen Hou‐Tong , Jacob Zubin , Zhang Xinghang , Wang Haiyan
Published: April 2018

Nanoscale metamaterials exhibit extraordinary optical properties and are proposed for various technological applications. Here, a new class of novel nanoscale two‐phase hybrid metamaterials is achieved by combining two major classes of traditional plasmonic materials, metals (e.g., Au) and transition metal nitrides (e.g., TaN, TiN, and ZrN) in an epitaxial thin film form via the vertically aligned nanocomposite platform. By properly controlling the nucleation of the two phases, the nanoscale artificial plasmonic lattices (APLs) consisting of highly ordered hexagonal close packed Au nanopillars in a TaN matrix are demonstrated. More specifically, uniform Au nanopillars with an average diameter of 3 nm are embedded in epitaxial TaN platform and thus form highly 3D ordered APL nanoscale metamaterials. Novel optical properties include highly anisotropic reflectance, obvious nonlinear optical properties indicating inversion symmetry breaking of the hybrid material, large permittivity tuning and negative permittivity response over a broad wavelength regime, and superior mechanical strength and ductility. The study demonstrates the novelty of the new hybrid plasmonic scheme with great potentials in versatile material selection, and, tunable APL spacing and pillar dimension, all important steps toward future designable hybrid plasmonic materials.
Enhancing mass transport in direct methanol fuel cell by optimizing the microstructure of anode microporous layer
Authors: Deng Guangrong , Liang Liang , Jin Zhao , Li Chenyang , Liu Changpeng , Ge Junjie , Xing Wei
Published: April 2018

The microstructural characteristics of the anode microporous layer (MPL) can significantly affect the mass transport in direct methanol fuel cells by influencing the methanol delivery and CO2 removal processes. The hydrophilic‐hydrophobic balance and pore structure of the flow path were established by optimizing the content of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in the anode MPL. An empirical model was developed to design and optimize the anode MPL to achieve better mass transport and cell performance. From the simulated and experimental results, increasing the content of PTFE enhanced the CO2 removal ability in the anode MPL, thereby alleviating CO2 blockage in the anode catalyst layer, whereas the narrowed flow path hindered methanol delivery in the anode MPL. A good balance between methanol delivery and CO2 removal in terms of mass transport was achieved when the PTFE content was adjusted to 15 wt %, leading to the best cell performance. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 3519–3528, 2018
An open and extensible sigma‐profile database for COSMO‐based models
Authors: Ferrarini F. , Flôres G. B. , Muniz A. R. , de Soares R. P.
Published: April 2018

COSMO‐based activity coefficient models have become an interesting alternative to the prediction of the behavior of substances in mixture. These models depend on the pure substance information known as sigma‐profile. The present work aims to create and freely distribute a sigma‐profile database for a wide range of molecules using the GAMESS software. Different quantum chemistry theories for the calculation of the electronic structure and basis sets were tested, in order to define an accurate and efficient approach for computing the profiles. To check the accuracy of the profiles obtained, infinite dilution activity coefficients calculated by the COSMO‐SAC model were compared with experimental data for binary mixtures. Among the studied alternatives, the Hartree‐Fock method with the TZVP basis set led to results with the best agreement with the experimental data, within a reasonable computational cost. Using this approach, a database was created based solely free computational tools. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 3443–3455, 2018
Effect of water saturation on gas slippage in circular and angular pores
Authors: Li Jing , Chen Zhangxin , Wu Keliu , Zhang Tao , Zhang Rui , Xu Jinze , Li Ran , Qu Shiyuan , Shi Juntai , Li Xiangfang
Published: April 2018

A unified model for gas slip flow through circular and angular pores in both single phase flow and two‐phase flow conditions is developed, and the effect of water saturation on gas slippage factors in different pore shapes are revealed. For circular pores, the water saturation retains as thin film binding on pore surfaces without changing the shape of the cross section, and the hydraulic diameters continuously reduce as water saturation increases, directly leading to an increase in the slippage factor. However, for angular pores, the water saturation retains as both films at boundaries and condensations at corners, and the film‐water and corner‐water gradually change their cross‐section shape (from sharp corners to round corners), which further affects the gas slip behavior. Due to the presence of round corners, the ratio of the cross‐sectional area and perimeter, which can also be regarded as the reciprocal of a specific surface area, can even increase at a low water saturation condition. Thus the collisions between gas molecules and pore boundaries weaken, resulting in a slight reduction in the gas slippage factor. This interesting finding in the angular pore case directly explains the contradiction of the published experimental results with the general knowledge (i.e., the gas slip factor always increases as water saturation increases). Thus, the validity of the common assumption regarding actual porous media as capillaries with a circular cross‐section must be considered more carefully. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 3529–3541, 2018
Loss of function IFT27 variants associated with an unclassified lethal fetal ciliopathy with renal agenesis
Authors: Quélin Chloé , Loget Philippe , Boutaud Lucile , Elkhartoufi Nadia , Milon Joelle , Odent Sylvie , Fradin Mélanie , Demurger Florence , Pasquier Laurent , Thomas Sophie , Attié‐Bitach Tania
Published: April 2018

Ciliopathies comprise a group of clinically heterogeneous and overlapping disorders with a wide spectrum of phenotypes ranging from prenatal lethality to adult‐onset disorders. Pathogenic variants in more than 100 ciliary protein‐encoding genes have been described, most notably those involved in intraflagellar transport (IFT) which comprises two protein complexes, responsible for retrograde (IFT‐A) and anterograde transport (IFT‐B). Here we describe a fetus with an unclassified severe ciliopathy phenotype including short ribs, polydactyly, bilateral renal agenesis, and imperforate anus, with compound heterozygosity for c.118_125del, p.(Thr40Glyfs*11) and a c.352 +1G > T in IFT27, which encodes a small GTPase component of the IFT‐B complex. We conclude that bilateral renal agenesis is a rare feature of this severe ciliopathy and this report highlights the phenotypic overlap of Pallister–Hall syndrome and ciliopathies. The phenotype in patients with IFT27 gene variants is wide ranging from Bardet–Biedl syndrome to a lethal phenotype.
Atypical presentations associated with non‐polyalanine repeat PHOX2B mutations
Authors: Katwa Umakanth , D'Gama Alissa M. , Qualls Anita E. , Donovan Lucas M. , Heffernan Jody , Shi Jiahai , Agrawal Pankaj B.
Published: April 2018

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a disorder of ventilatory control and autonomic dysregulation that can be caused by mutations in the paired‐like homeobox 2B (PHOX2B) gene. The majority of CCHS cases are caused by polyalanine repeat mutations (PARMs) in PHOX2B; however, in rare cases, non‐polyalanine repeat mutations (NPARMs) have been identified. Here, we report two patients with NPARMs in PHOX2B. Patient 1 has a mild CCHS phenotype seen only on polysomnogram, which was performed for desaturations and stridor following a bronchiolitis episode, and characterized by night‐time hypoventilation and a history of ganglioneuroblastoma. She carried a novel de novo missense variant, p.R102S (c.304C > A), in exon 2. Patient 2 has an atypical CCHS phenotype including micrognathia, gastroesophageal reflux, stridor, hypopnea, and intermittent desaturations. Sleep study demonstrated that Patient 2 had daytime and night‐time hypercarbia with obstructive sleep apnea, requiring tracheostomy. On PHOX2B sequencing, she carried a recently identified nonsense variant, p.Y78* (c.234C > G), in exon 1. In summary, we present two patients with CCHS and identified NPARMs in PHOX2B who have distinct differences in phenotype severity, further elucidating the range of clinical outcomes in CCHS and illustrating the necessity of considering PHOX2B mutations when encountering atypical CCHS presentations.
A missense mutation in EBF2 was segregated with imperforate anus in a family across three generations
Authors: Kim Shinn Young , Ko Hyun‐Sun , Kim Namshin , Yim Seon‐Hee , Jung Seung‐Hyun , Kim Jiwoong , Lee Myung‐Duk , Chung Yeun‐Jun
Published: April 2018

The etiology of imperforate anus, a major phenotype of anorectal malformation (ARM), is still unknown and not a single gene has been reported to be associated with it. We studied a Korean family with six affected members with imperforate anus across three generations by whole exome sequencing and identified a missense mutation in the EBF2 gene (c.215C > T; p.Ala72Val). This mutation is completely segregated with the disease phenotype in the family and is evolutionarily highly conserved among diverse vertebrates. Also, this mutation was predicted to be functionally damaging. These results support that missense mutation in the EBF2 c.215C > T (p.Ala72Val) is very likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of ARM in this family.
Sleep disturbances in Rett syndrome: Impact and management including use of sleep hygiene practices
Authors: Boban Sharolin , Leonard Helen , Wong Kingsley , Wilson Andrew , Downs Jenny
Published: April 2018

Sleep disturbances are debilitating for individuals with Rett syndrome (RTT) and their families yet the evidence base for management is poor. We investigated management strategies and their relationships with sleep problems. Data were provided by 364/461 (79%) families with a child with RTT and registered with the International RTT Phenotype Database. Logistic regression models were used to investigate relationships between impacts of sleep problems on the child and family with age group, mutation type, medication type, and sleep hygiene score. Linear regression models were used to estimate the association of disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) with age group, mutation type, medication type, and sleep hygiene. Among those who ever had difficulty falling asleep or night waking, use of any medication was associated with higher odds of moderate/major impact sleep problems (relative to minor/no impact) for the affected child and the family, as well as higher DIMS scores, when compared with the no treatment/nonmedication group accounting for the effects of age, mutation type, and sleep hygiene score. Better use of sleep hygiene practices was associated with lower odds of moderate/major impact on the family (odds ratio 0.60, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 0.37, 0.98) and lower DIMS scores (geometric mean ratio 0.86, 95%CI 0.80, 0.92) compared with poorer use after adjusting for covariates. Attention to sleep hygiene remains an important management strategy for sleep problems in RTT. Further prospective research is required to investigate efficacy of pharmaceutical treatments.
Epigenetics and autism spectrum disorder: A report of an autism case with mutation in H1 linker histone HIST1H1E and literature review
Authors: Duffney Lara J. , Valdez Purnima , Tremblay Martine W. , Cao Xinyu , Montgomery Sarah , McConkie‐Rosell Allyn , Jiang Yong‐hui
Published: April 2018

Genetic mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in epigenetic machinery have been reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability, congenital heart disease, and other disorders. H1 histone linker protein, the basic component in nucleosome packaging and chromatin organization, has not been implicated in human disease until recently. We report a de novo deleterious mutation of histone cluster 1 H1 family member e (HIST1H1E; c.435dupC; p.Thr146Hisfs*50), encoding H1 histone linker protein H1.4, in a 10‐year‐old boy with autism and intellectual disability diagnosed through clinical whole exome sequencing. The c.435dupC at the 3′ end of the mRNA leads to a frameshift and truncation of the positive charge in the carboxy‐terminus of the protein. An expression study demonstrates the mutation leads to reduced protein expression, supporting haploinsufficiency of HIST1H1E protein and loss of function as an underlying mechanism of dysfunction in the brain. Taken together with other recent cases with mutations of HIST1H1E in intellectual disability, the evidence supporting the link to causality in disease is strong. Our finding implicates the deficiency of H1 linker histone protein in autism. The systematic review of candidate genes implicated in ASD revealed that 42 of 215 (19.5%) genes are directly involved in epigenetic regulations and the majority of these genes belong to histone writers, readers, and erasers. While the mechanism of how haploinsufficiency of HIST1H1E causes autism is entirely unknown, our report underscores the importance of further study of the function of this protein and other histone linker proteins in brain development.
Voxel‐wise brain‐wide functional connectivity abnormalities in first‐episode, drug‐naive patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Cui Xilong , Liu Feng , Chen Jindong , Xie Guangrong , Wu Renrong , Zhang Zhikun , Chen Huafu , Zhao Jingping , Guo Wenbin
Published: April 2018

Due to different foci and single sample across studies, abnormal functional connectivity (FC) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) with inconsistent results. The inconsistency may reflect a combination of clinical and methodological variability, which leads to limited reproducibility of these findings. The samples included 59 patients with MDD and 31 controls from Sample 1, 29 patients with MDD and 24 controls from Sample 2, and 31 patients with schizophrenia and 37 controls from Sample 3. Global‐brain FC (GFC) and an overlapping technique were applied to analyze the imaging data. Compared with healthy controls, patients with MDD in Samples 1 and 2 showed increased GFC in the overlapped brain areas, including the bilateral insula, right inferior parietal lobule (IPL), and right supramarginal gyrus/IPL. By contrast, decreased GFC in the overlapped brain areas, including the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex/presuneus and left calcarine cortex, was found in patients with MDD. In addition, patients with schizophrenia in Sample 3 did not show any GFC abnormalities in the overlapped areas from the results of Samples 1 and 2. The present study is the first to examine voxel‐wise brain‐wide FC in MDD with two independent samples by using an overlapping technique. The results indicate that aberrant FC patterns of insula‐centered sensorimotor circuit may account for the pathophysiology of MDD.