bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PENGAJARAN (ALAT PERAGA) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS V SDN 009 TEMBILAHAN KECAMATAN TEMBILAHAN KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR
Authors: Indraleka Indraleka
Published: April 2019

The background of this study is the low results of fifth grade students learn math SD Negeri 009 Tembilahan Of the 30 students, only 12 students who completed study results. In addition the average student learning outcomes is equal to 58.83. Cause of low learning outcomes are: (a) the students are very noisy when teachers convey instructional materials; (b) the lack of attention and seriousness of students in the process of learning activities; (c) students do not respond to the learning of teachers; (d) students feel bored follow the learning process; and (e) students are not interested in these subjects. For that conducted research with the aim to improve students' mathematics learning outcomes through the medium of instruction (props). This research is a class act who performed as much as two cycles consisting of two meetings. The subjects were fifth grade students of SD Negeri 009 Tembilahan totaling 30 students. Data collection techniques used in this study was the observation techniques and test engineering. The data used in this study focuses on the data increase students 'mathematics learning outcomes, while analysis is done is descriptive analysis of the results of students' mathematics learning. Based on the survey results revealed that the learning outcomes have increased in each cycle. This is evidenced by the acquisition of student learning outcomes, on the basis of an average score of learning outcomes at 58.83 with the number of students who completed 18 students, the first cycle average of 66.97 students' learning outcomes with the number of students who completed 24 students, and the second cycle average of 78.16 students' learning outcomes with the number of students who completed 30 students.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAM ASISSTED INDIVIDUALIZATION (TAI) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS V SDN 004 TELUK BINJAI
Authors: Suhaimi Suhaimi
Published: April 2019

This classroom action research aims to improve learning outcomes math class V students SD Negeri 004 Teluk Binjai Dumai Timur through cooperative learning team asissted individualization (TAI), conducted in September-November 2011. The subjects fifth grade students numbering SD Negeri 004 Teluk Binjai Dumai Timur students. Parameters measured research is student learning, student activities, complete learn student and teacher activities. The research instrument used consisted of two research instruments are instruments learning device consists of a syllabus, lesson plan (RPP), student worksheet (LKS) and data collection instruments consist of observation sheet student activity, observation sheet activities of teachers, test sheet. The results showed mastery learning in the first cycle was (60.00%) and the second cycle (93.30%). It can be concluded from the results of fifth grade students learn math SD Negeri 004 Teluk Binjai Dumai Timur can be improved through the cooperative model type asissted team individualization (TAI).
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PETA PADA SISWA KELAS V SDN 005 BUKIT TIMAH DUMAI
Authors: Masnur Masnur
Published: April 2019

This study aims to describe learning outcomes through the use of map media. This study is a classroom action research, the subject of research is the students of grade V SD 005 Bukit Timah Dumai with the number of 35 students. Based on the results of research stated that student learning outcomes have increased after applied media map on the learning process. This is evidenced by: (a) teacher activity data has increased, in cycle I get score 27 (67,50%) with good category. In cycle II get score 35 (87,50%) with very good category. While the student activity has increased, in cycle I get score 26 (65,00%) with good category. In cycle II obtained a score of 36 (90.00%) with very good category; and (b) the result of IPS study has increased, in the first cycle average student learning outcomes is 70.94 with the number of students who reach KKM amounted to 26 (74.28%) with the category is not complete, in cycle II increased to average student's learning result is 79,08 with number of student reaching KKM amounted to 30 (85,71%) with complete category.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI BIMBINGAN TUGAS AKHIR MAHASISWA BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN GURU SEKOLAH DASAR FKIP UNIVERSITAS RIAU
Authors: Noviana Eddy , Kurniaman Otang , Huda Muhammad Nailul
Published: April 2019

This research is research of application development of final project of student based on website at Prodi PGSD FKIPUniversitas Riau by using waterfall model. The formulation of the problem in this research are: (1) how the design ofdeveloping the final project application of student based on the website of Prodi PGSD FKIP Universitas Riau? and (2)whether the program designed to assist the final project guidance on Prodi PGSD FKIP University of Riau ?. The purpose ofthis research is (1) to design a system that can assist the process of guidance of final assignment of students to Prodi PGSDFKIP Universitas Riau and (2) to know the response about the use of application of final student task based on the website ofProdi PGSD FKIP Universitas Riau. This research is a development research with waterfall model. Development stage isdone in four stages, namely: (1) stage study of literature; (2) needs analysis phase; (3) application design; and (4)application testing phase and conclusion. The result of the research stated that the application of the final assignment of thestudents based on the website of PGSD Study Program of FKIP Universitas Riau is valid with four references, namely: (1)correctness aspect (truth); (2) reliability (reliability) aspect; (3) integrity; and (4) usability (usage). Based on the results ofeffectiveness test on the students obtained data that the application of the final project-based student guidance websiteincluded in the category of very effective average percentage is 84.89% with very effective category. It is marked by theacquisition: 1) the correctness (truth) of 84.93% with very effective category; 2) reliability (reliability) of 86.37% with veryeffective category; 3) integrity (integration) equal to 86,08% with very effective category; and 4) usability (usage) of 82.17%with very effective category. The average percentage is 84.89% with very effective category. So it can be concluded that theapplication development of final student task based on the website Prodi PGSD FKIP University of Riau has been declaredeffective and has been widely used.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR PKN MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF EXAMPLE NON EXAMPLES SISWA KELAS I SD NEGERI 012 PANGKALAN BARU KECAMATAN SIAK HULU
Authors: Zaitun Zaitun
Published: April 2019

The background of this study is the low activity and learning outcomes of Civics students in grade 1 012 SD Negeri 012Pangkalan Baru, for this reason, improvements are made to learning through classroom action research using example nonexample learning models. The purpose of this study is to increase Civic Education activities and learning. This research is aclassroom action research conducted at SD Negeri 012 Pangkalan Baru. The subjects of this study were grade 1 students with 23students. This study was carried out in two cycles, which were carried out in four stages: planning, implementation, observation,and reflection. The results of the study showed that students' learning activities had increased, in cycle 1 meeting 1 in the verygood category got 28.99%, in the good category was 29.13%, in the sufficient category was 31.88%, and in the poor categorywas 10 00%. At meeting 2 in the very good category was 46.38%, in the good category was 31.88%, in the sufficient categorywas 21.74%, and in the less category was 5.00%. In cycle 2 meeting 1 activity in the very good category was 53.62%, in the goodcategory was 33.33%, in the sufficient category was 13.04%, and in the poor category was 4.60%. At meeting 2 in the very goodcategory was 73.91%, in the good category was 18.84%, in the sufficient category was 7.25%, and in the less category was0.00%. In addition, student learning outcomes have increased, in cycle 1 meeting 1 the number of students who completed was18 students (78.26%), at the second meeting reached 21 students (91.30%). In cycle 2 meeting 1 reached 19 (82.61%), and at themeeting of 2 to 20 students (86.96%).
PENERAPAN STRATEGI BERCERITA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENYIMAK SISWA KELAS III SD MUHAMADIYAH 6 PEKANBARU
Authors: Kurniaman Otang , Huda Muhammad Nailul
Published: April 2019

The background of this study is the low listening skills of third-grade students of SD Muhammadiyah 6 Pekanbaru. This researchis a classroom action research, which is carried out by applying storytelling strategies. The results of the study stated that thelistening skills of students had increased in cycle 1 meeting 1 number of students who scored between 80-100 totaling 12students, on the internal score 60-79 totaled 3 students, at an interval of 40-59 amounted to 4 students, at intervals of 20 -39numbered 2 students and in the interval 0-29 there were 0 students. Whereas in cycle 1 meeting 2, the number of students whoobtained grades between 80-100 totaled 13 students, in the internal score 60-79 totaled 10 students, at intervals of 40-59amounted to 0 students, at intervals of 20-39 amounted to 0 students and at interval 0-29 contains 0 students. In cycle 2 meeting1 listening skills increased the number of students who got grades between 80-100 totaling 15 students, in the internal score 60-79 totaled 8 students, at intervals of 40-59 amounted to 0 students, at intervals of 20-39 amounted to 0 students and in theinterval 0-29 there are 0 students. Whereas in the second cycle of meeting 2 the number of students who got a score between 80-100 totaled 19 students, in the internal score 60-79 totaled 4 students, at intervals of 40-59 amounted to 0 students, at intervalsof 20-39 amounted to 0 students and at intervals 0-29 consists of 0 students. Based on these values, it can be concluded that thestorytelling strategy can improve the listening skills of third-grade students of SD Muhammadiyah 6 Pekanbaru
Stupidity and the Threshold of Life, Language and Law in Derrida and Agamben
Authors: Nguyen Duy Lap
Published: April 2019

This paper examines Jacques Derrida's deconstruction of Giorgio Agamben's account of the history of bio-politics in the Beast and the Sovereign. In this account, the ‘threshold of bio-political modernity’ is identified with the collapse of an allegedly immemorial distinction between life and the law. According to Derrida, however, this in-distinction between life and the law, which supposedly marks the historical emergence of the bio-political, is in fact an originary event. Agamben, therefore, announces a bio-political modernity that has always already existed. In this essay, I argue that Derrida, in the Beast and the Sovereign, fails to grasp the significance of one of the principal figures employed in Agamben's theory of the bio-political, the ‘threshold’. This figure, which Agamben opposes, elsewhere in his writings, to the Derridean notion of difference/deferral, does not refer to either an historical beginning or something that has always already existed. Rather, the threshold is defined as a particular moment in which an originary phenomenon becomes a decisive historical norm. In his ‘history’ of the bio-political, therefore, Agamben identifies the modernity of the latter in terms of the historical normalization of an in-distinction between law and life that has always already occurred.
Design and Development of the Telescope-deployment High-vacuum teleOperated Rover (THOR) in an Airless Body Environment
Authors: Womack Chris , Crist Miles , Kruger Laura , DeGeorge Kelsey , Tuan Karynna , Burns Jack
Published: April 2019

The harsh environment on the lunar surface presents unique technological challenges for space exploration. This paper presents research on the design and development of the Telescope-deployment High-vacuum teleOperated Rover (THOR), currently being built and tested in the Lunar and Airless Bodies Simulator (LABS) facility at the University of Colorado Boulder. This rover is fabricated entirely out of cost-effective commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components and materials. THOR can potentially survive for more than one simulated year in conditions similar to that of the lunar environment, demonstrating the successful initial results of a first phase research study on material and electronic survivability in an extreme environment such as the Moon.

KEYWORDS: Telerobotics, Space Exploration, LUNAR, High-vacuum, Electronic Survivability, Robotics, Engineering
Cardiac Myocardial Hypertrophy and Altered Swimming Behavior in Xenopus laevis Embryos in Incrementally Increasing Hypergravity
Authors: Howes Stacey , Wiens Darrell
Published: April 2019

Every living organism on earth has developed and evolved in unit gravity (1G) conditions. It is likely that any deviation from Earth’s standard gravity will influence development, particularly at early stages. Previous reports from this lab showed that total length is reduced and that ventricle size is increased during development at 7G. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of increasing levels of hypergravity on the development of the ventricular myocardial wall and the neuromuscular responsiveness of Xenopus laevis. At early gastrulation, embryos were placed in a centrifuge simulating 7G, 10G, 15G or 17G until they reached stage 45 (feeding tadpole stage, approximately 72 hours from initiation of gastrulation). Mortality was low and only the 17G exposure induced significant mortality. Immediately following centrifugation, the embryos were stimulated by touching with a probe to test neuromuscular responsiveness. With increasing G forces, responsiveness to this test was incrementally reduced. A quarter of the embryos were fixed and their body dimensions were measured. One group of remaining live embryos, those exposed to 7G, was maintained and swimming behavior was observed during daily 5-minute periods for 52 days. Overall, abnormal swimming behavior was found in 33% of 7G embryos and in 2% of controls during this time. These embryos were later subjected to an orientation-swimming test. Hypergravity-exposed embryos required, on average, one second longer (9% of time required) to become oriented. From the embryos exposed to increasing G levels and then fixed, we found that total length was reduced successively at increasing hypergravity levels, but the snout-vent proportion of total length increased. Stained sections of the fixed embryos revealed that the thickness of the ventricle wall was increased, especially the interior ridge component (trabeculae / papillary muscles). The data demonstrates that hypergravity has persistent effects on the development of the ventricular myocardial wall, neuromuscular responsiveness, and equilibrium organs.

KEYWORDS: Hypergravity, Xenopus, Embryo, Behavior, Myocardium, Hypertrophy
Can An Algebraic Diagnostic Test be Used to Predict Final Grades in an Introductory Statistics Class?
Authors: Kirksey Justine , Cooper Anthony
Published: April 2019

The Department of Mathematics and Statistics at California State University Sacramento has been using the Intermediate Algebra Diagnostic (IAD) test as a proxy tool to screen students intending to enroll in an introductory statistics course (Stat 1). However, the use of an algebraic test as a diagnostic tool for a statistics course has been questioned by some faculty members and students at this university. The regression models used in this study (simple linear regression, hierarchical linear regression, and logistic regression) show that higher IAD scores are related to higher final grades in Stat 1, even after adjusting for different instructors. Inferences were also made in this study to predict a passing grade and passing rates in Stat 1 based on the bounds of the confidence and prediction intervals obtained for the IAD scores with these models.

KEYWORDS: Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Statistics Diagnostic Test, Algebra Diagnostic Test, MDTP, Introductory Statistics
ANALISIS TERHADAP PENGUJIAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 42 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG PEMILIHAN UMUM PRESIDEN DAN WAKIL PRESIDEN
Authors: Arman Zuhdi
Published: April 2019

Pengaturan terhadap sidang pembacaan putusan mengenai pengujian Undang-Undangdi Mahkamah Konstitusi hanya diatur dalam bentuk Peraturan Mahkamah Konstitusi.Sedangkan didalam Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2011 tentang perubahan atasUndang-undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2003 tentang Mahkamah Konstitusi, tidak diatursecara khusus mengenai pengaturan tentang hal tersebut. Hal ini yang kemudianmenjadi pro dan kontra terkait dengan sidang pembacaan putusan Mahkamah KostitusiNomor 14/PUU-XI/2013. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakahpengujian Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pemilihan Umum PresidenDan Wakil Presiden telah sesuai berdasarkan Hukum Acara Mahkamah Konstitusi.Metode Penelitian hukum yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitianhukum normatif. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 14/PUU-XI/2013 yang padapokoknya menyatakan bahwa pelaksanaan Pemilu legislatif dan Pemilu Presidensecara terpisah adalah inkonstitusional, sehingga berdasarkan original intent yangdikehendaki oleh Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945(UUD 1945) adalah Pemilu serentak. Mahkamah Konstitusi juga mengimbuhkan amarputusannya tersebut dengan menangguhkan waktu berlakunya akibat hukum putusantersebut hingga Pemilu 2019. Penangguhan sendiri meski tidak diatur dalam Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi, namun oleh UUD 1945 Pasal 24 ayat (1) tegasmenyatakan bahwa “kekuasaan kehakiman merupakan kekuasaan yang merdeka untukmenyelenggarakan peradilan guna menegakkan hukum dan keadilan”. Dengandijaminnya konstitusionalitas putusan MK, maka penangguhan akibat putusan a quodianggap beralasan demi hukum.
ADRCN: A Framework to Detect and Mitigate Malicious Insider Attacks in Cloud-Based Environment on IaaS
Authors: Oberoi Priya , Mittal Sumit , Gujral Rajneesh Kumar
Published: April 2019

Security is a critical factor for any of the computing platforms. Cloud computing is a new computing environment but still, its basic technology is the Internet. Thus, Cloud computing environment not only has the threats of its own but it is also prone to security issues of its underlying technology i.e. Internet. In this paper, the authors are proposing a secure routing framework viz. Authenticated Dynamic Routing in Cloud Networks (ADRCN) to mitigate the malicious insider attacks while maintaining the path integrity in the Clouds. Symmetric cryptography with hashing is used to maintain the integrity of the path between the source and destination. The purpose of ADRCN is to maintain the integrity of the path between the client and data center. If malicious insider tries to perform an attack between the client and the data center then it will be detected. This work aims to give a solution for detection and prevention of malicious insider attacks in Cloud-based environments.
MORALIDADE RELIGIOSA E REPRESS�O SEXUAL: a atualidade de Nelson Rodrigues para reflex�o acerca da educa��o sexual.
Authors: Barreiros Douglas Paulino
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo trata acerca da sexualidade como objeto de educa��o pautada no moralismo e no conservadorismo. Essa marca, no que se refere � educa��o sexual, perpassa tanto a educa��o familiar quanto a institucional. Apesar de r�gida, e permanentemente vigiada, a sexualidade escapa � moral conservadora que acaba por se materializar em atos, gestos, posturas publicamente aceitas, mas que escondem desejos, afetos e sentimentos que se manifestam na intimidade ou afloram em momentos espec�ficos da vida humana. Assim, o argumento moralista conservador de que educa��o sexual deve ser reservada exclusivamente ao �mbito familiar deixa transparecer a ideia de que a sexualidade pode ser controlada, e mesmo modificada, se alguns de seus tra�os n�o corresponderem aos par�metros de sexualidade padronizados sobre matriz heterossexual. Tais procedimentos acabam por se orientar na nega��o da pr�pria sexualidade, al�m de hipocritamente defender que ela nada influencia em nossas vidas. A obra �Toda Nudez ser� Castigada�, do dramaturgo brasileiro Nelson Rodrigues, � constru�da sobre a contradi��o entre educa��o moral conservadora e o desejo humano, que mesmo reprimido emerge em diversos contextos.
What Will Parents Pay for Hands-on Ocean Conservation and Stewardship Education?
Authors: Schwarzmann Danielle , Nachbar Seaberry , Pollack Naomi , Leeworthy Vernon (Bob) , Hitz Sylvia
Published: April 2019

Supported by the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation, the Ocean Guardian School (OGS) program is a federally funded grant program coordinated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office of National Marine Sanctuaries. OGS supports the educational goals of national marine sanctuaries (NMS) by funding hands-on ocean conservation and stewardship programs in both public and private schools. Schools apply for grants (up to $4,000) to implement school- or community-based conservation projects to educate students, while contributing to the health and protection of local watersheds and the world’s ocean. This study is the first to estimate the value that parents have for their child’s participation in an ocean conservation and stewardship program. Using a contingent choice survey, changes to student behaviour, parents’ support for the OGS program and the non-market economic value to parents of the six program attributes are estimated.
PENELITIAN TERHADAP MINAT MENJADI GURU AGAMA DAN KATEKIS DI STKIP WIDYA YUWANA MADIUN
Authors: Dewantara Agustinus Wisnu , Permana Natalis Sukma
Published: April 2019

Catechetic is the coaching of children, youth and adults in the faith, which is specific to the delivery of the Christian movement, which is basically given organically and systematically, The Catholic Religion teacher deeply embraces her duties and mission through her work at school. This work is the duty and mission that comes from God himself. The Catholic Religion teacher is expected to earnestly live his vocation as a religious teacher. A Catholic teacher is an educator as well as a journalist. An educator or reporter will be able to carry out his duties well if he has a clear and correct understanding of what is actually the purpose of teaching Catholicism as a means of preaching the love of Jesus. A Religion Teacher is a person whose job is to teach another person or an emulated and imitated person. It means that the word is imitated and imitated by faith and deeds by dodging the Christian life.

STKIP Widya Yuwana is an institution owned by the diocese of Surabaya aimed at educating prospective catechists and religious teachers. The institute was originally founded by Paul Janssen, CM under the name AKI (Indonesian Catechetical Academy) which aims to produce a militant and powerful catechist. According to the times, AKI has changed into STKIP Widya Yuwana. As the name implies, this institution is then identified as a producer of religious teachers, and even the impression that this institution no longer exists on the path of Jansen's romance as a catechist producer, and turned into a producer of Catholic religious teachers.

This research is needed to photograph what really happened to the students. Is it true that the outward impression that graduates and students are more likely to be teachers? If so, what is the motivation behind it? Is it really a catechist profession is not promising, or indeed STKIP Widya Yuwana who had already lost the spirit of the founder of its predecessor?
A UTILIZAÇÃO DO SOFTWARE GEOGEBRA COMO FERRAMENTA PEDAGÓGICA NA CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA UNIDADE DE ENSINO POTENCIALMENTE SIGNIFICATIVA (UEPS)
Authors: Nery Ribeiro Tiago , Do Nascimento Souza Divanízia
Published: April 2019

A inserção das tecnologias da informação e comunicação nas escolas é um processo que já foi iniciado, e que vem modificando o perfil do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A partir disso, procurando inserir tais tecnologias em sala de aula, tivemos como objetivo analisar as respostas de alunos referentes a questionários aplicados durante o desenvolvimento e aplicação de uma Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa (UEPS), utilizando o software GeoGebra na aprendizagem do conteúdo triângulos retângulos congruentes. Neste trabalho utilizamos como aporte teórico a Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa de Ausubel e como metodologia, de natureza qualitativa, tendo como instrumento a aplicação de um questionário aos sujeitos da pesquisa, que foram 16 alunos participantes do projeto de extensão intitulado “Nivelamento” do campus Professor Alberto Carvalho da Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Com base nos resultados das atividades realizadas e nas características de uma UEPS citadas por Moreira (2011), o software GeoGebra pode ser um material potencialmente significativo, pois demonstrou ser uma ferramenta que proporcionou melhor captação de significados, compreensão de conceitos, melhor capacidade de explicação, relacionou conceitos e aplicou o conhecimento adquirido para a solução de situações-problema.
SOBRE SUDOKUS E GRUPOS
Authors: Alegri Mateus , Silva Samuel Brito
Published: April 2019

Neste trabalho exibiremos algumas relações entre a teoria  matemática que abrange o  jogo Sudoku, os quadrados latinos, e a teoria de grupos finitos. Na terceira seção exibiremos um critério que estabelece se  um quadrado latino de ordem $n$ é a tabela de Cayley de um grupo de igual ordem. Na última seção trabalharemos com o conceito de ortogonalidade entre quadrados latinos, e utilizando o conceito de grupos finitos, exibiremos um contra-exemplo para uma famosa conjectura de Euler. Resaltamos que o único pré-requisitos para o perfeito entendimento deste artigo é o teorema de Cayley para grupos finitos, de modo que a teoria desenvolvida aqui é aplicável no ensino universitário.
PERCEPÇOES DE FORMAÇAO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES QUE ENSINAM MATEMÁTICA NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL EM ESCOLAS DO CAMPO
Authors: Fonseca Lucia Maria Batista , Gonçalves Júnior Arthur Machado
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com cinco professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental em três escolas públicas localizadas no Campo (Zona Rural) da cidade de Marabá-Pá, região Norte do Brasil. A seleção dos professores se deu a partir de três critérios: ser professor efetivo do município, ii) ter no mínimo dez anos de docência em escolas do Campo com os anos iniciais, iii) participar da formação continuada em rede. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com foco no seguinte objetivo: investigar para compreender em que termos uma proposta de formação continuada em serviço possibilita a orientação do trabalho didático-pedagógico do professor ao ensinar matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental em escolas do Campo. Como sustentação teórica buscamos apoio em: Alarcão (2011), Fiorentini e Nacarato (2005), Freire (1987), Imbernón (2006, 2009), e Tardif (2014). Os procedimentos metodológicos assumidos nesta pesquisa foram de abordagem qualitativa e para colaborar com o diálogo entre pesquisador e pesquisados, optamos pela pesquisa-ação, por entender que esta pode promover a interação entre pesquisador e os sujeitos da pesquisa. Utilizamos os seguintes instrumentos investigativos: questionário, entrevista e câmera filmadora. Os momentos formativos se articularam em 4 etapas com dois encontros cada. A pesquisa mostrou-se relevante, pois segundo os professores a experiência formativa desenvolvida em contexto de trabalho proporcionou outros olhares sobre as ações da sala de aula orientando o ato de ensinar e de aprender, não só dos professores ao ensinarem Matemática, mas dos alunos a aprenderem Matemática. Contudo, os professores reconhecem que é preciso formar-se continuamente para atender às exigências do ensino.
Racionalização de Denominadores
Authors: Pessoa Pedro José da Silva , Gondim Rodrigo José
Published: April 2019

Nesse pequeno texto trazemos algumas considera ̧c ̃oes gerais sobre racionaliza ̧c ̃ao de denominadores eprovamos dois resultados gerais sobre como racionalizar denominadores alg ́ebricos.
A Comparative Study of Financial Literacy and Financial Needs of Unbanked and Under Banked Population
Authors: Stalin D C
Published: April 2019

This paper assumes an estimation of economical research of rapidly improving body on financial literacy. We begin with a synopsis of academic research, which emit financial learning as a structure interest in human capital. Development of financial learning has significant implication for benefit; also policies planned to increase levels of financial information in the well-built inhabitants. After that, we depict on topical surveys to ascertain how many numbers of people knows and categorize the least financial aptitude population subgroups. Though the narrative is still undeveloped, conclusions may perhaps strain on the subject of the effects and consequences of financial illiteracy, to work for answering these research gaps. A concluding part suggests a view on what remains to be educated, if researchers are to be improved to inform academic and experimental models with public policy.
Academic Problems Encountered by Rural Students
Authors: Rajan S
Published: April 2019

Report (ASER), shows that even though the number of rural students attending schools is rising, but more than half of the students in fifth grade are unable to read a second-grade textbook and are not able to solve simple mathematical problems. Not only this, the level of Mathematics and reading is further declining. Though efforts are being made, they are not in the right direction. The reasons cited for this problem in surveys are discussed here.
Speaking Skills: Teaching of English Using Computers to Rural Students of IX Standard
Authors: Rajagopalan Isola
Published: April 2019

There are a growing demand and pressure on students to have a fair knowledge and command of English at present owing to the vast expansion of the knowledge era. It will not suffice if the students know about constructing sentences based on simple patterns. Command of expression is what is needed students are at a bay when they face interviews Inadequate possession of speaking skill of the students at the Higher secondary result in difficulty in attaining better speaking skill Teachers, have to find a way to enhance the performance of the students in learning Grammar. Ample opportunity should be given for promoting intellectual skills, critical thinking, reasoning and problem-solving ability. A suitable environment is to be created to develop the required skills to have a command over speaking skill.
The Impact of a Financial Capability Program on the Financial Well-being of Medical Practitioners
Authors: Anthony Rajna , Fazil Sabri Mohamad
Published: April 2019

The main objective of this study is to determine the impact of a financial capability program on the financial well-being of medical practitioners in the public hospitals in Selangor, Malaysia. Its specific aims were to determine the levels of financial capability, financial satisfaction and financial practice of medical practitioners before and after a financial capability program intervention. A total of 100 medical practitioners were randomly assigned to intervention (50%) and control groups (50%) after both completing the financial capability initial assessment and evaluation (pre-test) questionnaire. The intervention group participants attended a series of five two hour one on one coaching session while the control group did not. After a four month duration both the groups completed the post evaluation (post-test). There were equal numbers of males and females in the intervention sample compared to 19 males and 31 females in the control group. The findings showed that the paired samples t-test detected the difference between the means scores of financial capability, financial satisfaction and financial practice of the medical practitioners in the two groups (control and intervention) from time 1 (pre intervention) and time 2 (post intervention).  There was no statistically significant difference found in the financial capability, financial satisfaction and financial practice scores between the two groups (intervention and control) prior to the program intervention (time 1). But the post program intervention (time 2) showed statistically significant (p<0.001) difference between the intervention group and the control group confirming a positive impact. The results of this study can be a starting point in using coaching techniques as part of ongoing education program.
GSM Based Water Quality Monitoring System Using Arduino
Authors: Gokulanathan S , Manivasagam P , Prabu N , Venkatesh T
Published: April 2019

This paper investigates about water quality monitoring system through a wireless sensor network. Due to the rapid development and urbanization, the quality of water is getting degrade over year by year, and it leads to water-borne diseases, and it creates a bad impact. Water plays a vital role in our human society and India 65% of the drinking water comes from underground sources, so it is mandatory to check the quality of the water. In this model used to test the water samples and through the data it analyses the quality of the water. This paper delivers a power efficient, effective solution in the domain of water quality monitoring it also provides an alarm to a remote user, if there is any deviation of water quality parameters.
Gender as a Predictor of Difference in Problem Solving Ability of the Students
Authors: Jakhar Lilu Ram
Published: April 2019

Problem solving is one of the basic requirement for the adjustment and social well-being for an individual. The present study was conducted to ascertain whether there exists difference in the problem solving ability of the students studying at the secondary stage on the basis of the gender. The results of the study showed that the mean score on the problem solving ability test of the boys was 10.14 whereas the mean score on the problem solving ability test of girls was found to be 10.40. The difference in the mean scores of the problem solving ability was determined by applying t- test and was found to be 0.26. This indicate that the there is no significant difference in the problem solving ability of the students on the basis of gender at secondary level.
Reaction of Sodium Nitroprusside and Potassium Dichromate on Benzaldehyde Di N-Butyl Acetal
Authors: Raja K
Published: April 2019

The reaction of benzaldehyde di n-butyl acetal catalyzed by halomethanes in contrast to those catalyzed by Lewis acids, n-halocompounds, etc., has received only a little attention. Aliphatic acetal gives benzaldehyde and butyl benzoate as the main products. This reaction features induced the authors to take up the title investigations. Halomethanes are synthetically very useful reagents and vary widely in their acceptor synthon character and reactivity, hence their applications in the present work.
Weak-lensing Mass Calibration of ACTPol Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Clusters with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey
Authors: Miyatake Hironao , Battaglia Nicholas , Hilton Matt , Medezinski Elinor , Nishizawa Atsushi J. , More Surhud , Aiola Simone , Bahcall Neta , Bond J. Richard , Calabrese Erminia , Choi Steve K. , Devlin Mark J. , Dunkley Joanna , Dunner Rolando , Fuzia Brittany , Gallardo Patricio , Gralla Megan , Hasselfield Matthew , Halpern Mark , Hikage Chiaki , Hill J. Colin , Hincks Adam D. , Hložek Renée , Huffenberger Kevin , Hughes John P. , Koopman Brian , Kosowsky Arthur , Louis Thibaut , Madhavacheril Mathew S. , McMahon Jeff , Mandelbaum Rachel , Marriage Tobias A. , Maurin Loïc , Miyazaki Satoshi , Moodley Kavilan , Murata Ryoma , Naess Sigurd , Newburgh Laura , Niemack Michael D. , Nishimichi Takahiro , Okabe Nobuhiro , Oguri Masamune , Osato Ken , Page Lyman , Partridge Bruce , Robertson Naomi , Sehgal Neelima , Sherwin Blake , Shirasaki Masato , Sievers Jonathan , Sifón Cristóbal , Simon Sara , Spergel David N. , Staggs Suzanne T. , Stein George , Takada Masahiro , Trac Hy , Umetsu Keiichi , Engelen Alex van , Wollack Edward J.
Published: April 2019

We present weak-lensing measurements using the first-year data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Strategic Survey Program on the Subaru telescope for eight galaxy clusters selected through their thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) signal measured at 148 GHz with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter experiment. The overlap between the two surveys in this work is 33.8 square degrees, before masking bright stars. The signal-to-noise ratio of individual cluster lensing measurements ranges from 2.2 to 8.7, with a total of 11.1 for the stacked cluster weak-lensing signal. We fit for an average weak-lensing mass distribution using three different profiles, a Navarro–Frenk–White profile, a dark-matter-only emulated profile, and a full cosmological hydrodynamic emulated profile. We interpret the differences among the masses inferred by these models as a systematic error of 10%, which is currently smaller than the statistical error. We obtain the ratio of the SZ-estimated mass to the lensing-estimated mass (the so-called hydrostatic mass bias 1−b) of

, which is comparable to previous SZ-selected clusters from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and from the Planck Satellite. We conclude with a discussion of the implications for cosmological parameters inferred from cluster abundances compared to cosmic microwave background primary anisotropy measurements.
The Close Binary Fraction of Solar-type Stars Is Strongly Anticorrelated with Metallicity
Authors: Moe Maxwell , Kratter Kaitlin M. , Badenes Carles
Published: April 2019

There is now strong evidence that the close binary fraction (P < 104 days; a < 10 au) of solar-type stars (M
1 ≈ 0.6–1.5

) decreases significantly with metallicity. Although early surveys showed that the observed spectroscopic binary (SB) fractions in the galactic disk and halo are similar (e.g., Carney–Latham sample), these studies did not correct for incompleteness. In this study, we examine five different surveys and thoroughly account for their underlying selection biases to measure the intrinsic occurrence rate of close solar-type binaries. We reanalyze (1) a volume-limited sample of solar-type stars, (2) the Carney-Latham SB survey of high proper motion stars, (3) various SB samples of metal-poor giants, (4) the APOGEE survey of radial velocity (RV) variables, and (5) eclipsing binaries (EBs) discovered by Kepler. The observed APOGEE RV variability fraction and Kepler EB fraction both decrease by a factor of ≈4 across −1.0 < [Fe/H] < 0.5 at the 22σ and 9σ confidence levels, respectively. After correcting for incompleteness, all five samples/methods exhibit a quantitatively consistent anticorrelation between the intrinsic close binary fraction (a < 10 au) and metallicity: F
close = 53% ± 12%, 40% ± 6%, 24% ± 4%, and 10% ± 3% at [Fe/H] = −3.0, −1.0, −0.2 (mean field metallicity), and +0.5, respectively. We present simple fragmentation models that explain why the close binary fraction of solar-type stars strongly decreases with metallicity while the wide binary fraction, close binary fraction of OB stars, and initial mass function are all relatively constant across −1.5 ≲ [Fe/H] < 0.5. The majority of solar-type stars with [Fe/H] ≲ −1.0 will interact with a stellar companion, which has profound implications for binary evolution in old and metal-poor environments such as the galactic halo, bulge, thick disk, globular clusters, dwarf galaxies, and high-redshift universe.
Prolonged Kelvin–Helmholtz Waves at Dawn and Dusk Flank Magnetopause: Simultaneous Observations by MMS and THEMIS
Authors: Lu S. W. , Wang C. , Li W. Y. , Tang B. B. , Torbert R. B. , Giles B. L. , Russell C. T. , Burch J. L. , McFadden J. P. , Auster H. U. , Angelopoulos V.
Published: April 2019

The Kelvin–Helmholtz (K-H) waves predominantly excited at the Earth’s low-latitude magnetopause were suggested to be dawn–dusk asymmetric. We report a prolonged simultaneous observations of the K-H waves on the dawn and dusk magnetopause by Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) and THEMIS-A (THA) spacecraft, respectively. The quasi-periodic K-H waves on both flanks have unambiguous low-density and high-speed patterns. The wave periods vary gradually on both flanks, with similar average periods (303 ± 107 s for MMS and 266 ± 102 s for THA). The lag time between the variations of the wave periods is close to the wave propagation time from THA to MMS, which suggests that the K-H waves generate and propagate quasi-symmetrically on both flanks. Larger local magnetic shear angles are observed on the trailing edges by MMS than by THA, which is probably due to the strong magnetic field distortion during the tailward propagation. The increased magnetic shear may excite magnetic reconnection, thus contributing to the formation of the low-latitude boundary layer.
The MESAS Project: Long-wavelength Follow-up Observations of Sirius A
Authors: White Jacob Aaron , Aufdenberg J. , Boley A. C. , Devlin M. , Dicker S. , Hauschildt P. , Hughes A. G. , Hughes A. M. , Mason B. , Matthews B. , Moór A. , Mroczkowski T. , Romero C. , Sievers J. , Stanchfield S. , Tapia F. , Wilner D.
Published: April 2019

Modeling the submillimeter to centimeter emission of stars is challenging due to a lack of sensitive observations at these long wavelengths. We launched an ongoing campaign to obtain new observations entitled Measuring the Emission of Stellar Atmospheres at Submillimeter/millimeter wavelengths (MESAS). Here we present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, Green Bank Telescope, and Very Large Array observations of Sirius A, the closest main-sequence A-type star, that span from 1.4 to 9.0 mm. These observations complement our previous millimeter data on Sirius A and are entirely consistent with the PHOENIX stellar atmosphere models constructed to explain them. We note that accurate models of long-wavelength emission from stars are essential not only to understand fundamental stellar processes, but also to determine the presence of dusty debris in spatially unresolved observations of circumstellar disks.
A Discovery of Young Radio Sources in the Cores of Giant Radio Galaxies Selected at Hard X-Rays
Authors: Bruni G. , Panessa F. , Bassani L. , Chiaraluce E. , Kraus A. , Dallacasa D. , Bazzano A. , Hernández-García L. , Malizia A. , Ubertini P. , Ursini F. , Venturi T.
Published: April 2019

Giant radio galaxies (GRG) are the largest single entities in the universe, having a projected linear size exceeding 0.7 Mpc, which implies that they are also quite old objects. They are not common, representing a fraction of only ∼6% in samples of bright radio galaxies. While a census of about 300 of these objects has been built in the past years, still no light has been shed on the conditions necessary to allow such an exceptional growth, whether of environmental nature or linked to the inner accretion properties. Recent studies found that samples of radio galaxies selected from hard X-ray active galactic nuclei catalogs selected from the International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL)/the Imager on Board the INTEGRAL Satellite and Swift/the Burst Alert Telescope (thus at energies >20 keV) present a fraction of GRG four times larger than what is found in radio-selected samples. We present radio observations of 15 nuclei of hard-X-ray-selected GRG, finding for the first time a large fraction (61%) of young radio sources at the center of Mpc-scale structures. Being at the center of GRG, these young nuclei may be undergoing a restarting activity episode, suggesting a link between the detected hard X-ray emission—due to the ongoing accretion—and the reactivation of the jets.
The Role of Placental Growth Factor, Soluble Endoglin, and Uterine Artery Diastolic Notch to Predict the Early Onset of Preeclampsia
Authors: Lubis Muara P. , Hariman Herman , Lumbanraja Sarma N. , Bachtiar Adang
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND: Reducing maternal mortality is one of the targets in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). In a systematic review, 4.6 per cent (95% CI 2.7-8.2) of pregnancies were complicated by preeclampsia worldwide. Preeclampsia occurs in around 10% of pregnancies in the world whereas developing countries contribute more than developed countries. In developing countries, there are 13 cases of preeclampsia in every 1,000 births, whereas in developed countries only 2-3 cases of preeclampsia are found in every 10,000 deliveries. Variations in prevalence among countries reflect, at least in part, differences in the distribution of maternal age and the proportion of nulliparous pregnant women in the population.
AIM: We aimed to investigate the role of placental growth factor, soluble endoglin, and uterine artery diastolic notch to predict the early onset of preeclampsia.
METHODS: This study used an analytical study with a nested case-control design. The study was conducted at Bunda Thamrin Hospital, Tanjung Mulia Mitra Medika Hospital, Sundari Hospital and a private clinic, from March to November 2018 with a total sample of 70 research subjects.
RESULTS: Uterine artery diastolic notch was not found in 50% of subjects. A total of 27 subjects (38.6%) had a unilateral diastolic notch, and 8 subjects (11.4%) had a bilateral diastolic notch. Cut-off point PIGF levels was 441 pg/ml, and Area Under Curve (AUC) 82.5% (95% CI 61.5%-100%), with sensitivity 80% and specificity 87.7%. The levels sEng in this study could not predict the incidence of early-onset preeclampsia (p = 0.113). Combined PlGF and pulsatile index of uterine arteries may predict early onset preeclampsia with sensitivity 40% and specificity 90.77%. From these results, pregnant women o 22-24 weeks of pregnancy, the levels of PlGF and the uterine artery pulsatility index can be a predictor of early-onset preeclampsia. Examination of PlGF levels alone is sufficient as a predictor of early-onset preeclampsia.
CONCLUSION: From these results, it can be concluded that in pregnant women of 22-24 weeks, the diastolic notches in uterine arteries cannot predict the incidence of early-onset preeclampsia. PlGF levels and pulsatile index of uterine arteries can be used as predictors of early-onset preeclampsia although examination of PlGF levels alone is sufficient as a predictor of early-onset preeclampsia.
Outer Ear Infections in Iran: A Review
Authors: Kiakojuri Keyvan , Taghizadeh Armaki Mojtaba , Rajabnia Ramazan , Pournajaf Abazar , Karami Mohsen , Khademian Aynaz , Omran Saeid Mahdavi
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND: Otitis externa is the fungal and bacterial infection of the outer ear.
AIM: We aimed to investigate the published papers about the outer ear infections in Iran and suggest standardised investigations and treatments.
METHODS: We used different electronic databases like PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Iranmedex, Google Scholar, and Magiran with specific keywords.
RESULTS: We obtained forty published full-text articles for review of data. Our results indicated the women were more infected than men. The ages of patients were < 1-81 years. As clinically symptoms, itching and Feel the ear fairy were the most common presenting complaints in most cases. Most infections were the pure bacterial and fungal origin, respectively. However, some of the studies were mixed fungal-bacterial infections — Pseudomonas spp. And Aspergillus niger were the most common bacteria and fungi isolates respectively in Iranian patents.
CONCLUSION: Fungal and bacterial specific cultures may be recommended, and anti-fungal drugs may be added, to treatment regimens in patients with otitis externa to reduce the clinical symptoms.