bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urgensi Kebijakan Pendanaan Jaminan Kesehatan Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia Menurut Undang - Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2004 Tentang Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional (SJSN)
Authors: Kusuma Putri Novi Eka , Monica Vita Agustin  , Muhammad Kuswanto  , Ni Wayan Wiwin Oktori
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui urgensi kebijakan pendanaan jaminan kesehatan masa pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2004 tentang Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional (SJSN) dan penyelenggaraan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional di Indonesia ditinjau dari aspek pendanaan di masa pandemi Covid-19 pasca terbitnya Peraturan Presiden Nomor 64 Tahun 2020. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Urgensi kebijakan pendanaan jaminan kesehatan masa pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia menurut Undang – Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2004 adalah pemenuhan penyelenggaraan jaminan kesehatan yang terjangkau oleh seluruh penduduk Indonesia secara adil dan merata untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan sesuai dengan Undang-Undang. Untuk mengurangi beban dan dampak pandemi Covid-19, Pemerintah dan masyarakat harus bersinergi dalam membangun sistem kesehatan nasional yang kuat melalui dukungan dana berupa iuran sebagaimana yang sudah dirumuskan dan ditetapkan. 2) Penerbitan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 64 Tahun 2020 dilakukan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 yang sedang mewabah, pemerintah hadir lebih banyak di peraturan tersebut. Hampir sebagian besar sekitar 80% dari peserta dijamin oleh pemerintah.
SPATIAL PATTERNS AND DRIVERS IN THE EVOLUTION OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN ROMANIA (MARCH 2020-JUNE 2021)
Authors:   ”Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Faculty of Geography and Geology, 20A Carol I Av., 700305, Iaşi, Romania, MUNTELE Ionel ,   Romanian Academy, Iași Branch, Geographic Research Center, 5 Carol I Av., 700307, Iaşi, Romania
Published: April 2022

The manifestation of the Covid-19 pandemic raised great interest due to the speed with which it spread globally and by outlining specific diffusion patterns. Romania faced off early on the rise in the number of infections, initially, as in other European countries, extremely localized but later expanded nationwide. The analysis of the available information regarding the evolution of the number of infections and deaths caused, over a sufficiently extended period (March 2020-June 2021) allowed the identification of several spatial patterns. Their regional coherence indicates a series of correlations with socio-economic factors, validated by PCA (principal component analysis). The importance of economic development, in connection with the degree of urbanization, employment and labour mobility or population density thus explains the incidence of the number of cases at a level higher than the national average. In the case of death caused by Covid-19, the quality of the health infrastructure played an important role, the counties with a higher level of endowment being less affected. At the same time, the share of the elderly population, in association with the less populated rural area, was not positively correlated with the number of cases or deaths. Lower population interaction, weaker exposure to international mobility has created the premises for a specific pattern of evolution in these areas.
La relación del turismo gastronómico y la agrodiversidad en Humahuaca (Jujuy, Argentina): una visión desde la etnobotánica
Authors: Petrucci Natalia , Acosta Marina E. , Lambaré Daniela Alejandra , Pochettino María Lelia , Hilgert Norma I.
Published: April 2022

Introducción y objetivos: La relación entre comida, turismo y agrodiversidad ha sido ampliamente abordada. En la Quebrada de Humahuaca, la gastronomía ofrecida para el turista incluye preparaciones tradicionales con productos andinos que se combinan con otras preparaciones y productos novedosos. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el conocimiento local asociado a las prácticas culinarias en restaurantes y comedores de la ciudad de Humahuaca e identificar su potencial en la conservación de la diversidad biocultural de la región.
M&M: Se trabajó en establecimientos gastronómicos, el mercado y la feria de la ciudad de Humahuaca durante los años 2018-2019 y se realizaron 12 entrevistas abiertas y semiestructuradas y 2 talleres a productores locales.
Resultados: Se presentan dos tipos de establecimientos gastronómicos: restaurantes y comedores con diferente oferta. El mercado y los productores locales de la Quebrada, constituyen los principales proveedores de la materia prima que utilizan los establecimientos gastronómicos. La adquisición de estos insumos es oportunista y depende de sus precios y no se detectó que la agricultura familiar, que es la que mantiene la diversidad de especies y variedades locales, participara de una forma efectiva en el turismo gastronómico.
Conclusión: La falta de una auténtica sinergia entre los productores locales y la demanda de insumos básicos por los establecimientos gastronómicos dedicados al turismo, constituye un obstáculo para que dicha demanda revierta positivamente sobre la agricultura familiar. Consideramos que el turismo agroalimentario y no sólo gastronómico, constituiría una opción superadora y fomentaría la conservación de la diversidad biocultural a través del uso de la agrodiversidad local.
Nuevo registro de micorriza arbuscular en Asterella chilensis (Aytoniaceae, Marchantiophyta), Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Cottet Agustina Celeste , Messuti María Inés
Published: April 2022

Introducción y Objetivos: Las asociaciones que se establecen entre micorrizas arbusculares (MA) y briofitas (Anthocerotophyta, Bryophyta y Marchantiophyta) juegan un papel importante en el desarrollo de este grupo de plantas. En particular, la relación entre MA y Marchantiophyta ha sido estudiada previamente en diferentes especies y regiones del mundo y, entre otras cosas, se menciona que la colonización por hongos puede diferir en abundancia y ocurrencia incluso en especies del mismo género. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar y caracterizar por primera vez la colonización de MA en Asterella chilensis (Aytoniaceae).M&M: El material examinado proviene de colecciones realizadas en ambientes de estepa de la Patagonia argentina. Las plantas fueron acondicionadas, teñidas y analizadas de acuerdo con técnicas específicas para briofitas.Resultados: Se describe por primera vez la asociación micorrícica en A. chilensis. Se presenta una breve descripción e ilustración de la planta y se comentan las estructuras características de las MA. El porcentaje de colonización osciló entre el 35 y el 38% y la MA corresponde al tipo Paris, caracterizado por la presencia de hifas aseptadas que forman espirales arbusculados intracelulares.Conclusiones: La asociación entre MA y una hepática, A. chilensis, descrita aquí, contribuye a brindar información sobre registros de este tipo de asociación en taxones y ambientes aún inexplorados.
Historicism of thinking and the concept of the epoch in Z. Tolgurov's novel "Blue Tipchak"
Authors:   The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Sci-entific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sarbasheva Аlena M. , Atabieva Asiyat D. ,   The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2022

The article focuses on a comprehensive, conceptual analysis of the novel Z. Tolgurov’s “Blue Tip-chak”, a holistic presentation of various semiotic levels of the work. The work determines condi-tionality of the epic beginning and the principles of implementing the author’s plan by the histori-cism of the writer’s thinking. Important in interpreting semantic perspectives of a literary text is the category of time. The dominant storylines are considered through the correlation of the desti-nies of the main characters with the dramatic nature of the depicted era of the 40-50s of the last century. The study emphasizes the multi-aspect nature of the problematic of the work (ideologi-cal, moral, psychological). In conjunction with the designated thematic blocks, the article explores the potential of the symbolic imagery of the novel. The idea of how the ideological situation can influence the fate of a person, cause internal transformations in him, followed by complete deper-sonalization, separation from ethnic roots (the image of the boy of the Crimea is indicative in this regard) acts as a nodal content line. The narrative space of the epic canvas contributes to the dis-closure of a powerful mythological layer, realized through parallels with the animal world (for example, the images of the stallion Alakez and the wolf Gazhai). The ambiguous interpretation of the Soviet era is guessed in the meanings of the symbol displayed in the title of the work. The blue tipchak in the writer's interpretation personifies the deceptive appearance of communist ideology, implying the danger hidden in it. In the research's course, the multilevel nature of the novel con-text is revealed, because of the historical approach to understanding reality.
Business production of the head of the Center of the Caucasian line in the 30-50s. XIX century.
Authors:   Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Alkhasova Dinara M.
Published: April 2022

This article is about the office documentation management of the Center of the Caucasian Line in the 30-50s. XIX century. The study is based on an analysis of materials from the administration of the Center for the Caucasian Line, higher and subordinate organizations. A meaningful and struc-tural analysis of various groups of documents is carried out: circulars, instructions, reports, peti-tions, nominal, conduit and form lists, reports of the head of the Center for the Caucasian Line, addressed to the Headquarters of Troops on the Caucasian Line and the Black Sea Coast. Attention is drawn to the order of interaction between the head of the Center with the subordinate ones (the Provisional Kabardian court, bailiffs, heads of fortresses and fortifications) and higher institutions (the Headquarters of the troops on the Caucasian line and the Black Sea coast). The article touched upon the features of the formal interaction of the head of the Center for the Caucasian Line and local judicial and administrative control bodies with representatives of indigenous ethnic elites and dependent strata of the population. The article analyzes the features of implementing office work in the development of the judicial and administrative apparatus in the Central Caucasus, and an attempt is made to determine the place of the head of the Center of the Caucasian Line in the vertical of military-administrative control, which continued to build up in the Central Caucasus in the 30-50s. XIX century. The article analyzes the informative value of individual groups of docu-ments in the study of different directions of the activities of the administration of the Center of the Caucasian Line. A conclusion is made about the practical significance of the materials studied and the prospects for their further study. A range of areas is outlined, for the study of which the identified groups of documents can be useful: the reconstruction of fortresses and fortifications that were part of the Center, the identification of the personnel of the management of the Center of the Caucasian Line, etc.
MEMBANGUN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN MELALUI MUTU
Authors: Bagaskara Eghytya
Published: April 2022

Nilai penjualan produk ditentukan oleh bagaimana melakukan pelayanan yang optimal terhadap pelanggan, untuk menjaga kepuasan kepada pelanggan adalah dengan menjaga kualitas dari produk yang akan dijual. Kualitas pelayanan merupakan tingkat keunggulan yang diharapkan dan pengendalian atas tingkat keunggulan tersebut untuk memenuhi harapan pelanggan. Kepuasan konsumen merupakan modal dasar untuk membentuk loyalitas yang bisa dijadikan sebagai salah satu senjata untuk menaikan keunggulan bersaing suatu perusahaan yang bergerak di sector jasa atau produk.
Words that Set Us in Motion: Nouns Versus Other Grammatical Forms as Linguistic Cues for Behavior—A Meta-Analytic Review
Authors: Witkowska Marta - , Suitner Caterina , Formanowicz Magdalena , Dołżycka Joanna
Published: April 2022

Recent discoveries suggested that nouns are a word class having the special power to model real-life behavior. In the research by Bryan et al. (2011), participants exposed to the wording being a voter (noun label) were more likely to register and vote than those exposed to the wording voting. In follow-up research (Bryan et al., 2013), a cue don’t be a cheater proved significantly more effective than don’t cheat. However, many attempts to replicate the original results have proven unsuccessful (e.g., Gerber et al., 2016; 2018). To shed light on the effectiveness of subtle linguistic manipulations, we conducted a meta-analysis of 28 experimental studies (N = 13,376), being an exact or conceptual replications of Bryan et al. (2011). Although the average effect of the existing studies was significant (g = 0.12), it was small and the concurrent diagnostics indicated a low trust in the replicability or stability of the effect due to the high probability of publication bias. Based on that, we cannot conclude that the greater effectiveness of nouns as cues has been reliably proven. We discuss future research and theoretical prospects that were uncovered through the meta-analysis of the accumulated data.
HUBUNGAN DAN PEMBAGIAN KERJA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KOPERASI
Authors: BAITI NUR
Published: April 2022

Dalam pengelolaan manajemen koperasi tentunya itu merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting untuk dilakukan sebagaimana dengan pengelolaan perusahaan dengan menggunakan sistem manajemen masing-masing. Dalam sebuah organisasi akan membutuhkan sebuah pengelolaan yang baik dan tepat yang dimana hal tersebut lebih dikenal dengan istilah manajemen. Sama halnya dengan koperasi tentu memiliki sistem manajemen yang terlibat didalamnya dan di dalam manajemen ini pasti ada beberapa individu yang berperan untuk menjalankan sistem manajemen atau memimpin sebuah lembaga kepada titik kesuksesan.
English Language Teaching Curriculum and Material Production: Comprehensive Q&A
Authors: Darmawati Besse
Published: April 2022

Artikel ini menyajikan bahan seputar English Language Teaching Curriculum and Material Production: Comprehensive Q&A yang di rangkum dari beberapa sumber seperti: Brown, James Dean. (1995). The Elements of Language Curriculum: A Systematic Approach to Program Development. Massachusetts: Heinle & Heinle Publisher.Graves, Kathleen. (2008) The Language Curriculum, in Language Teaching Journal, pp. 147—181. Richard, Jack C. & Theodore S. Rodgers. 1986. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Resume ekonomi makro syariah
Authors: SYAHRA AISYAH
Published: April 2022

Pendapatan nasional secara sederhana dapat diartikan sebagai jumlah barang dan jasa yang dihasilkan suatu negara pada periode tertentu biasanya satu tahun.
Menganalisis Pasar dan Perilaku Konsumen/Nasabah
Authors: R Nurul Zahra Zahirah
Published: April 2022

Nurul Zahra Zahirah R (90500120054)
MANAJEMEN KOPERASI
Authors: Taha Muh. Ridwan
Published: April 2022

Tugas manajemen koperasi adalah menghimpun, mengkoordinasi dan mengembangkan potensi tersebut menjadi kekuataan untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup anggota sendiri melalui proses “nilai tambah”. Hal itu dapat dilakukan bila sumber daya yang ada dapat dikelola secara efisien dan penuh kreatif (inovatif) serta diimbangi oleh kemampuan kepemimpinan yang tangguh. Manajemen koperasi memiliki tugas membangkit potensi dan motif yang tersedia yaitu dengan cara memahami kondisi objektif dari anggota sebagaimana layaknya manusia lainnya. Pihak manajemen dituntut untuk selalu berfikir selangkah lebih maju di dalam memberi manfaat banding pesaing, hanya dengan anggota atau calon anggota tergerak untuk memilih koperasi sebagai alternatif yang lebih rasional dalam melakukan transaksi ekonominya.
Tugas Hijriani_9050012004 Koperasi Syariah dan UMKM (HUBUNGAN DAN PEMBAGIAN KERJA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KOPERASI)
Authors: Ar Hijriani
Published: April 2022

Dalam pengelolaan manajemen koperasi tentunya itu merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting untuk dilakukan sebagaimana dengan pengelolaan perusahaan dengan menggunakan sistem manajemen masing-masing. Dalam sebuah organisasi akan membutuhkan sebuah pengelolaan yang baik dan tepat yang dimana hal tersebut lebih dikenal dengan istilah manajemen. Sama halnya dengan koperasi tentu memiliki sistem manajemen yang terlibat didalamnya dan di dalam manajemen ini pasti ada beberapa individu yang berperan untuk menjalankan sistem manajemen atau memimpin sebuah lembaga kepada titik kesuksesan.
Tugas Resume Hijriani_90500120044 "Ekonomi Makro Syariah (ANALISIS PENDAPATAN NASIONAL DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM)"
Authors: Ar Hijriani
Published: April 2022

Pendapatan nasional secara sederhana dapat diartikan sebagai jumlah barang dan jasa yang dihasilkan suatu negara pada periode tertentu biasanya satu tahun.
Kerjasama di bidang usaha antar koperasi dan kerjasama antar koperasi di bidang bukan usaha
Authors: Rezky Sri
Published: April 2022

Kerjasama Koperasi adalah hubungan antara perkumpulan yang beranggotakan orangorang atau badan-badan hukum, baik antara koperasi dengan koperasi maupun koperasi dengan bukan koperasi dan di bidang usaha atau bukan di bidang usaha, karena untuk meningkatkan kegiatan usahannya membutuhkan bantuan orang lain atau organisasi lain
Applications and Accomplishments in Internet of Things as the Cutting-edge Technology: An overview
Authors: Upadhyaya Animesh , Mistry Caprio , Kedia Disha , Pal Debdutta , De Rajesh
Published: April 2022

The Internet has propelled the globe to unprecedented heights, with a revolution occurring virtually every minute. Among these,the Internet of Things is a popular technology currently (IoT). It is, as the name indicates, the internet's connectedness of manyThings, a supreme and amazing combination of hardware and software. IoT has advanced swiftly with the growth of autonomousmodels in every area, whether it is for daily usage or industrial application. The employment of diverse technologies andprogramming languages advanced industrial activity while requiring less expenditure. IoT has brought about dramatic changes inthe fields of medical care, agriculture, defense and military, industry, and so on. This paper conveys emphasizes the growth of IoTalong with the change it brought to the technological world with a strong review.
Open and reproducible neuroimaging: from study inception to publication
Authors: Niso Guiomar , Botvinik-Nezer Rotem , Appelhoff Stefan , De La Vega Alejandro , Esteban Oscar , Etzel Joset A. , Finc Karolina , Ganz Melanie , Gau Remi , Halchenko Yaroslav O , Herholz Peer , Karakuzu Agah , Keator David , MAUMET Camille , Markiewicz Christopher Johnson , Pernet Cyril R , Pestilli Franco , Queder Nazek , Schmitt Tina , Sójka Weronika , Wagner Adina Svenja , Whitaker Kirstie Jane , Rieger Jochem
Published: April 2022

Empirical observations of how labs conduct research indicate that the adoption rate of open practices for transparent, reproducible, and collaborative science remains in its infancy. This is at odds with the overwhelming evidence for the necessity of these practices and their benefits for individual researchers, scientific progress, and society in general. To date, information required for implementing open science practices throughout the different steps of a research project is scattered among many different sources. Even experienced researchers in the topic find it hard to navigate the ecosystem of tools and to make sustainable choices. Here, we provide an integrated overview of community-developed resources that can support collaborative, open, and reproducible neuroimaging throughout the entire research cycle from inception to publication and across different neuroimaging modalities. We review tools and practices supporting study inception and planning, data acquisition, research data management, data processing and analysis, and research dissemination. We believe it will prove helpful for researchers and institutions to make a successful and sustainable move towards open and reproducible science and to eventually take an active role in its future development.
People with special needs in religious literacy
Authors: Mai Nhat Chi
Published: April 2022

This study was to determine the extent of the existence of those with special needs (special needs) in religious literacy. The East's disrespect, especially the Muslim community towards special needs, is not the result of Islam as its religion but by a culture that is not friendly to special needs. In this case, they are generally Muslims who are not literate towards Islam as their religion, which in content strongly recognizes the existence of special needs. This article aims to present the existence of people with special needs in religious literacy, while, in general, society views that religion does not say much about them. Circumstances, where religion is seen as less talking about them, can be found in various research journals. However, as a religion, Islam has been talking about them in substance long ago without the slightest discrimination. This study applied a qualitative approach with a literature review method. The participants of this research were 2 people with special needs who were involved in the tahfidz Quran program, the head or the Kiai of the Islamic boarding school. The research instrument is how Islam guides people with special needs, the data is taken from journal articles, hadith collection books, the Quran, and other supporting books. Special needs, according to Islam, are those with physical and mental limitations, which generally impact their relatively limited potential. In Islam, this condition does not negate their existence as caliphs on earth, along with a set of rights and obligations.
Manajemen dan Konsep Dasar Pemasaran
Authors: Ramadhona Indah
Published: April 2022

Dalam organisasi, baik organisasi non-laba maupun perusahaan, yang mempunyai beberapa jenjang manajerial, peran pemasaran untuk masing-masing jenjang pasti berbeda. Sebuah perusahaan yang besar misalnya, mempunyai tiga jenjang manajerial, yaitu manajemen puncak,manajemen madya dan manajemen operasional. Konsep Pemasaran Kemasyarakatan berprinsip bahwa tugas organisasi adalah menentukan kebuthan, keinginan dan minat sasran pasar serta menyampaikan kepuasan yang diinginkan secara lebih efektif dan efisien dibandingkan dengan pesaing dalam suatu cara yang dapat melestarikan atau meningkatkan kesejahteraan konsumen maupun masyarakat.Konsep inti pemasaran tidak kaku dan cenderung bisa menyesuaikan dinamika pasar lebih cepat. Apalagi didukung dengan kegiatan inovasi tiada henti. Ada tujuh aspek yang bisa digunakan untuk dasar penyusunan strategi pemasaran. Ketujuh aspek tersebut yaitu: 1.) kebutuhan,keinginan dan permintaan, 2.) produk (barang,jasa dan gagasan), 3.) nilai, biaya dan kepuasan, 4.) pertukaran dan transaksi, 5.) hubungan dan jaringan, 6.) pasar, 7.) pemasar dan calon pembeli.
European hackers : History of the Chaos Computer Club... – V
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: April 2022

CCC history including DS, C3, Camp, national press etc.
Mishandling of scientifically flawed articles on radiation exposure, retracted for ethical reason, undermines the scientific issues pointed out by Letters to the Editor
Authors: Tanimoto Yoh , Hamaoka Yutaka , Kageura Kyo , Kurokawa Shin-ichi , Makino Jun , Oshikawa Masaki
Published: April 2022

(This version contains corrections compared with the published version: Section 2.3, "23 October 2019" -> "23 October 2018", Section 2.4, "in August 2019" -> "in August 2018") We discuss the editorial handling of two papers that were published in and then retracted from the Journal of Radiological Protection (JRP). The papers, which dealt with radiation exposure in Date City, were retracted because "ethically inappropriate data were used". Before retraction, four Letters to the Editor pointing out scientific issues in the papers had been submitted to JRP. The Letters were all accepted or provisionally accepted through peer review. Nevertheless, JRP later refused to publish them. We examine the handling by JRP of the Letters, and show that it left the reader unapprised of a) the extent of the issues in the papers, which went far beyond the use of unconsented data, and b) the problems in the way the journal handled the matter. By its actions in this case, JRP has enabled unscientific, unfounded and erroneous claims to remain unacknowledged. We propose some countermeasures to prevent such inappropriate actions by academic journals in future.
Perceptions of Intelligence & Sentience Shape Children’s Interactions with Robot Reading Companions: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Caruana Nathan , Moffat Ryssa , Blanco Aitor Miguel , Cross Emily S.
Published: April 2022

The number of studies exploring whether robots can be used as an assistive tool in education interventions has been steadily increasing over the past decade and a half. Whilst research on this topic presents the opportunity to combine insights from education, cognitive science and human—robot interaction, most studies examining the effectiveness of education robots have ignored the fundamental features of robots that might make them more or less effective in education settings, and how this is shaped by the needs and expectations of learners. The current study explores how user perceptions towards robots with different features (e.g., verbal communication capacity, anthropomorphism, etc.) might inform which robots are selected for certain interventions. Here, we specifically examine robot ‘reading buddies’ for children. Using a range of quantifiable and qualitative measures, we characterise how the form and function of different robots shapes children’s first impressions, expectations and experiences before and after reading with a robot. An inductive thematic analysis revealed that robots can offer children an engaging and non-judgemental social context to promote reading engagement. This was supported by children’s perceptions of robots as being intelligent enough to read, listen and comprehend the story being read, particularly when they had the capacity to talk (i.e., NAO). Many children also suggested the potential to experience a social affiliation with the robot, despite recognising its physical limitations. However, a key challenge in the use of robots for this purpose was the unpredictable nature of robot behaviour, which remains difficult to perfectly control and time using either human operators or autonomous algorithms. Consequently, some children found the robots’ responses distracting. We provide recommendations for the selection of robots for future research seeking to evaluate their use as an assistive tool within and beyond education settings.
Snakes and Ladders in Paleoanthropology: From Cognitive Surprise to Skillfulness a Million Years Ago
Authors: WALKER Michael John , Manrique Héctor Marín , Friston Karl
Published: April 2022

A scientific paradigmatic account suffices to interpret behavioral evolution in early Homo. Cognitive surprises, favoring anomalous behavioral propensities to sporadic expression, can explain “snakes-and-ladders” appearances and disappearances of Paleolithic skills in the Early and Middle Pleistocene record. The account applies the principle of stationary action, which underpins the free energy principle, to self-organizing systems at an evolutionary timescale. Unusual personal attainments, often explained by invoking progressive ascent of evolutionary phylogenetic “ladders” of cognitive and technical abilities, could be disregarded in a hominin community that failed to imagine or articulate possible advantages for its survivability. Such failure, as well as diverse fortuitous demographic accidents, could erase from collective memory the recollection of exceptional individual conduct which disappeared down a “snake”, so to speak, of the human evolutionary “puzzle”. The puzzle discomforts paleoanthropologists. Some explain it away with the self-justifying assertion that separate paleospecies of Homo differentially possessed cognitive abilities that allegedly underlay the differential presence or absence in the Pleistocene archeological record of traces of particular behavioral outcomes or skills. An alternative methodological perspective, grounded in the fundamental relationships between organisms and their environments, affords a parsimonious, prosaic, deflationary account for appearances and disappearances of behavioral outcomes and skills.
Spatiotemporal Patterns in Neurobiology: An Overview for Future Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Knight Sean , Gadda Navjot Singh
Published: April 2022

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in developing models and tools to address the complex patterns of connectivity found in brain tissue. Specifically, this is due to a need to understand how emergent properties emerge from these network structures at multiple spatiotemporal scales. We argue that computational models are key tools for elucidating the possible functionalities that can emerge from interactions of heterogeneous neurons connected by complex networks on multi-scale temporal and spatial domains. Here we review several classes of models including spiking neurons, integrate-and-fire neurons with short term plasticity (STP), conductance based integrate-and-fire models with STP, and population density neural field (PDNF) models using simple examples with emphasis on neuroscience applications while also providing some potential future research directions for AI. These computational approaches allow us to explore the impact of changing underlying mechanisms on resulting network function both experimentally as well as theoretically. Thus we hope these studies will inform future developments in artificial intelligence algorithms as well as help validate our understanding of brain processes based on experiments in animals or humans.
Investigating Heterogeneity in (Social) Media Effects: Experience-Based Recommendations
Authors: Valkenburg Patti M. , Beyens Ine , Keijsers Loes
Published: April 2022

We recently introduced a new, unified approach to investigate the effects of social media use on well-being. Using experience sampling methods among sizeable samples of respondents, our unified approach combines the strengths of nomothetic methods of analysis (e.g., mean comparisons, regression models), which are suited to understand group averages and generalize to populations, with idiographic methods of analysis (e.g., N=1 time series analyses), which are suitable to assess the effects of social media use on each single person (i.e., person-specific effects). Our approach challenges existing knowledge of media effects based on the nomothetic-only approach. As with many innovations, our approach has raised questions. In this article, we discuss our experience with our unified media effects approach that we have been building since 2018. We will explain what our approach exactly entails and what it requires. For example, how many observations are needed per person? which methods did we employ to assess the meaningfulness of variation around average effects? How can we generalize our findings to our target populations? And how can our person-specific results aid policy decisions? Finally, we hope to answer questions of colleagues who are interested in replicating, extending, or building on our work.
Writing in the Sciences: Scientists as Writers, Scientific Writing, and the Persuasive Story
Authors: Knöchelmann Marcel , Schendzielorz Cornelia
Published: April 2022

Writing in the sciences transcends the notion of sticking to the data. Writing is a complex transformation of a wealth of semi-ordered information into a clear and persuasive scientific story. The formalised form of a research article contains this story and, if published, legitimises it. This empirical study provides a nuanced, empirically-driven appreciation of scientific writing before writer and text are mediated by the competition for and accounting of authorship. It builds on a qualitative study of writing (n=22) and elucidates essential features of writing such as the hermeneutics of the scientific story, different modes of writing as iteration and collaboration, spanning across levels of seniority and position. Furthermore, this study delivers a new perspective on professional scientific writers—trained scientists who provide writing-as-a-service but often remain invisible in attributions of authorship. The structure of this article is as follows. The introduction provides an overview of the literature and elaborates the central research questions (1). We then define our area of research in terms of actors and discuss our research design (2). Thereafter (3), we present and contextualise empirical findings along central themes such as: the writing journey, the division of labour in scientific writing, the meaning of style and storytelling, the relation of writing practices and authorship, and the position of the scientific writer. Finally (4), we conclude, expounding on the intermediatory functions of scientific writing in the broader context of knowledge production, and provide a comprehensive outlook.
Australia’s COVID-19 pandemic housing policy responses
Authors: Leishman Chris , Aminpour Fatemeh , Baker Emma , Beer Andrew , Crowe Adam , Goodall Zoë , Horton Ella , Jacobs Keith , Lester Laurence , Maclennan Duncan , Martin Chris , Nash Meredith , Pawson Hal , Rowley Steven , Stone Wendy , ViforJ Rachel Ong
Published: April 2022

This research reviewed Australia’s COVID-19 housing policy responses to better understand their intervention approach, underlying logic, short and long term goals, target groups and level of success.
PENGARUH MODAL INTELEKTUAL DAN KEUNGGULAN BERSAING TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN
Authors: Purwanto Purwanto , Mela Nanda Fito
Published: April 2022

This study aims to find empirical evidence of the effect of intellectual capital and competitive advantage on financial performance in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2016-2018. By using the Public - Value Added Intellectual Coefficients (VAICTM) model, this study examines the relationship between the value-added efficiency (VAICTM) of the company's three main resources in the form of (capital used efficiency (CEE), human capital efficiency (HCE) and structure capital efficiency (SCE). )) competitive advantage to the company's financial performance as proxied through Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Data were drawn from 72 manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2016-2018. The results show that Capital Employed Efficiency (CEE) affects the financial performance of ROA and ROE proxies, Human Capital Efficiency (HCE) does not affect the proxy performance of ROA but affects the proxy performance of ROE, Structural Capital Efficiency (SCE) affects the financial performance of ROA proxies. and ROE, the Value-added Intellectual Coefficient (VAICTM) does not affect the financial performance of ROA proxies, but it does affect the financial performance of ROE proxies, and Competitive Advantage (CA) has no effect on the financial performance of ROA and ROE proxies.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF PUBLIC DEBT ON THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY
Authors: Brezhnieva-Yermolenko Olha , Kharitonenko Albina
Published: April 2022

The article reviewed current trends in the field of external debt, which further exacerbate the problems in the political, economic, financial and monetary spheres of the economy. This is primarily due to the inefficient system of public debt management and leads to exceeding the threshold values ​​of debt security. It was found that the amount of debt in the context of financial security of a country should first be studied in relation to GDP, what fully reflects the real economic situation in the country under the influence of inflation. The share of public debt in recent years has exceeded 60 % of GDP, which requires the government to take measures that would limit the possibility of borrowing in order to reduce public and state-guaranteed debt. Observations of the structure of Ukraine's public debt for the period 2011-2020 show the predominance of external debt and the gradual growth of its share. The peak of the level of public debt of Ukraine beyond the border falls on the period 2014-2017, but as of 2020 this figure was 60.8 %.Ukraine's public debt ratio is estimated in terms of currency structure, which shows that the major's share of debt in 2020 is denominated 46.22 % in US dollars. The threat to financial security for Ukraine remains high, as exchange rate volatility increases the repayment of principal and interest on debt.The analysis of public debt over the past 10 years shows the intensification of threats and risks to financial security by international financial institutions through external lending, as well as the high level of Ukraine's debt to external and domestic creditors. The study of indicators as indicators of financial security over the past 5 years shows the insufficient level of budget security of the country and the presence of internal and external threats to financial security of Ukraine.It is determined that the government's urgent task is to optimize the sources of public debt financing together with the development of clear and transparent rules of debt policy for the assessment of debt security indicators and financial risk management. The result of such changes is expected to reduce the amount of credit borrowing and a positive impact on the level of financial security of the state.
Une lecture intra-active des dramaturgies robotiques
Authors: Morin Julie-Michèle
Published: April 2022

This article mobilises the theory of agential realism especially the notion of “intra-action” developed by American feminist physicist Karen Barad, to produce a reading of the intricacies between human and robotic cultures in theatre and performance. Although robotic imaginations and their underpinning ideologies, values and ideas first created a dichotomous relation between humans and robots, Julie-Michèle Morin proposes to focus not on the production of differences between human and non-human creatures, but on the intricate relations between nature, culture, and technologies, and their onstage materialisation. Drawing on two plays, Actor #1 (Kris Verdonck) and Sayonara (Oriza Hirata), she examines how human beings and robots are mutually constituted while reflecting on theatre as a means to question, criticise, or diversify the normativity of robotic imaginations.
Socio-Psychological Features of Preschool Children with Unpopular Sociometric Statuses
Authors: Bodenova Olga Viktorovna
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of the study of some socio-psychological characteristics of preschool children with unpopular sociometric statuses. The sociometric structure of a small social group is the result of its development and has a significant impact both on the functioning of the group itself and on the socio-psychological development of its members. On the one hand, personality traits along with other factors of psychical development and socialization contribute to or hinder the acquisition of favorable sociometric statuses. On the other hand, the possession of a certain sociometric status has an impact on the development of socio-psychological characteristics of the individual. Children with unpopular statuses are situated at the zone risk.
The aim of the work was to study the socio-psychological characteristics of children with unpopular sociometric statuses.
The study was conducted in preschool educational institutions of Petrozavodsk, Prionezhsky and Medvezhyegorsky districts of the Republic of Karelia. We used some methods to test the hypothesis. These are the «Secret» method, «Observation of children's communication», the Rosenzweig test, the «Monitoring aggressive behavior of children» method.
The results of the study. The study found that neglected and ignored children have got by aggression and anxiety; demonstration of aggression and anxiety in children with unpopular sociometric statuses are determined by the strength of the need for communication (initiative). These qualities are inherent in children who have a high need for communication. In rejected and isolated children with low need for communication, these qualities are not expressed. Anxiety differs in situations of interaction with peers or adults. The results of the study determine new tasks and the direction of correctional and developmental work with unpopular children.
Socio-Dispatching Activity of the School Psychological and Pedagogical Concilium Specialists in the Modern Conditions of the Development of an Inclusive Educational Process
Authors: Zinin Sergey Valerevich
Published: April 2022

The state policy in the field of education poses new practical tasks, in particular, to learn how to include students with conditions that differ from the norm of health in an inclusive educational space, preserving and strengthening their health. The socio-dispatching activity of the school concilium is considered in the article as a key mechanism that ensures a decent quality of life for schoolchildren in the conditions of a protective clinical and pedagogical regime and an individual educational route. It has been practically established that teaching staff can competently navigate medical issues, take into account the special educational needs of students.
Research methods. 68 referrals of students to medical specialists subscribed by the school concilium of the Moscow State Educational Institution «Secondary School No. 25 of Nizhneudinsk», whose professional work was seen to be of high importance for the educational process, were studied.
The conducted research allowed us to draw the following conclusions: the effectiveness of providing social and pedagogical assistance from the school concilium specialists can reach 89.7% success rate and contribute to the formulation of new diagnoses, clarification or modification of previously given medical recommendations to students; 94.1% of constructive appeals to the health care system can subsequently have a qualitative impact on the special conditions of teaching schoolchildren. The analysis of social dispatching activities is carried out, problematic issues are raised, possible solutions are outlined. Therefore, the results of the study may be of interest to medical specialists; teachers working in the modern conditions of the implementation of Federal programs in the system of central and territorial PPCs, school conciliums, higher educational institutions; representatives of the legislature.
Representation of motherhood in Kazakh culture: traditional practices of socialization of children
Authors:   Карагандинский университет имени академика Е.А. Букетова, Резвушкина Т.А. , Карипбаев Б.И.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the status and role of the mother in Kazakh culture and the influence of traditions on its functioning. Social sciences ascertain a wide variety of maternal practices and characteristics of the socialization of children in different cultures. In this article, we will consider the attitude of modern Kazakh womenmothers, representatives of the urban middle class to the observance of such traditional practices of socialization of children as «at koyu», «shildekhana», «besikke salu», «kyrkynan shykaru», «tusau kesu», « toy «,» tilashar «,» togym kaqar «. The main directions of the Kazakh folk system of upbringing are: respect for elders, reverence for ancestors, care for representatives of the older generation, manifestation of love and care in a reasonable combination with exactingness towards children (family traditions associated with various stages in a child's life). Many customs, traditions, rituals of the Kazakh people are the unwritten laws of upbringing, a kind of moral code of the family, they crystallized the centuries-old experience of raising children in a family. Customs and traditions, rituals, proverbs, sayings, fairy tales do not have an educational effect on their own, but on condition that the parents by personal example in the family observe and support the principles and ideas expressed in them. Cultural traditions, rituals, customs in the Kazakh family are reproduced from generation to generation and are the moral framework of socialization. The purpose of this article is to analyze the use of traditional practices of socialization of children by Kazakh women-mothers, representatives of the urban middle class. The scientific significance of the work lies in the problematization of the use of traditional practices, when the conditions of urban life often do not allow the use of these practices and this causes the assessment of these practices by women-mothers as important / not important, necessary / unnecessary. The value of this study lies in the analysis of the traditions and rituals of raising children that have been preserved and reproduced in urban Kazakh families. Some rituals have changed, lost their former meaning, but have still survived to this day. In our study, we wanted to reveal the issue of preserving traditions and customs in matters of raising a child and implementing motherhood in an urban Kazakh family. The study showed that there is a tendency to preserve the national identity and identity of the Kazakh people in urban families through the reproduction of the traditions and customs of the socialization of children.
Environmental Consequences of Virgin Land Development in Kazakhstan (based on Nur-Sultan City Archive)
Authors:   Astana Medical University, Mazhitova Zh.S. , Isakhan G.T. ,   The State Archive of the city of Nur-Sultan, Bektursyn A.S. ,   The State Archive of the city of Nur-Sultan
Published: April 2022

This paper discusses issues related to environmental problems that arose as a result of the virgin and fallow lands development in Kazakhstan in the second half of the twentieth century. The authors emphasize that the level of agricultural production in the post-war years failed to meet the needs of Soviet citizens. Under these conditions the massive plowing of land had to solve a whole range of tasks, first of all, to solve the problem of food hunger by means of a huge increase in the area for sowing grain crops. According to the authors, solid tracts of plowed soil, having a dark color, became very hot, provoking drought, which, with chronic manifestation, caused aridization of the entire steppe zone, causing significant drying up of rivers and lakes. The authors believe that large works on the virgin lands development have made serious changes in the nature of the region. Stocks of valuable hunting and game species of animals were undermined, and in some places completely destroyed. Taking advantage of the lack of control, the new settlers along with the local residents mercilessly consumed the gifts of the environment, which gave rise to massive poaching. The methodological basis of the study was the complex use of various approaches, methods and assessments used in interdisciplinary research.