bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Nicanor y la Violeta’: Un análisis crítico del uso del artículo definido ante nombres propios masculinos y femeninos
Authors: Aliaga Rovira Leonardo , Avilés Retamal Patricia , Montes de Oca Domingo Román , Serrano Insunza María José , Colicheo Cabrera Camila , Soto Cáceres Francisco
Published: December 2020

This article studies the structure “definite article + proper noun anthroponym” and its distribution of use in cases of female and male anthroponyms. It is assumed that this structure is more frequent when the anthroponym is female (“la Violeta” and not “el Nicanor”). Since the presence of the article is expletive before proper nouns and, on the contrary, the use of this determinant or another is required, in specific syntactic positions, before common nouns, the appearance of the definite article preceding the feminine anthroponym could be a mark of social prejudice towards woman. To corroborate this hypothesis, the phenomenon studied was tracked in chilean written press texts, in order to analysing its appearance and frequency of use in cases of feminine and masculine anthroponyms.
Relaciones de complementación en toba del este de Formosa (Argentina): hacia un enfoque funcional de la subordinación
Authors: González Raúl Eduardo
Published: December 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyze the complement relations in Toba of eastern Formosa (Argentina). We compare complement clauses with constructions which are called “symmetrical serial verbs”. They are two very close types of complex clauses since both share arguments, has two or more finite verbs and the simple juxtaposition of non-embedded clauses without any subordinators. This shows that the notion of embedding is inappropriate in a cross-linguistic perspective. We proposed functional definition of subordination that frees the notion of any specific syntactic correlate structure. In accordance with Cristófaro (2003) it will be argued that these phenomena should be explained instead in terms of the cognitive status of dependent SoAs, as defined by the Asymmetry Assumption. This research is based on a corpus composed of five hours of oral narrative texts and fifty elicited clauses collected by fieldwork carried out in Toba communities from eastern Formosa (Argentina).
Em outras palavras, o que esse texto quer dizer?
Authors: Lopes Vicari Pâmela , Forneck Kári Lúcia
Published: December 2020

Apresentamos aqui os achados de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi de verificar a possibilidade de ensino da paráfrase como uma estratégia potencializadora do desenvolvimento da compreensão leitora, em nível metacognitivo, de alunos de 9° ano do Ensino Fundamental. A metodologia adotada foi composta por três etapas de desenvolvimento, sendo a primeira uma pré-testagem, seguida por uma intervenção didática e, por fim, uma pós-testagem. Os dados coletados não foram suficientes para que pudéssemos atingir o objetivo de forma satisfatória. Entretanto, a partir das análises e discussões, evidenciamos as dificuldades em compreensão leitora dos sujeitos participantes e a necessidade de ampliação de estudos sobre a paráfrase como estratégia metacognitiva no ensino da leitura, uma vez que parafrasear um texto, como evidenciamos em nosso estudo, requer um longo trabalho de intervenção didática.
Fenômenos representativos de adolescentes em contexto socioeducativo sobre escolarização, abandono escolar e aulas de língua materna
Authors: Bastos Sabrina Cecília Moraes , Fronza Cátia de Azevedo
Published: December 2020

Este artigo resulta de uma pesquisa de mestrado e visa apresentar um recorte de dados que demonstra as construções de realidade de adolescentes em medida socioeducativa de internação, em relação à escolarização, abandono escolar e às aulas de língua materna. O estudo foi realizado com base em uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho etnográfico e exploratória, no campo da Linguística Aplicada, com cinco turmas dos anos finais do ensino fundamental, em uma escola inserida em uma unidade de atendimento socioeducativo. A base teórica fundamenta-se na Teoria das Representações Sociais, Identidade, Diferença e estudos sobre a educação de adolescentes em conflito com a lei. Os resultados demonstram que os jovens constroem dialogicamente mundos de vida de exclusão e, como conclusão, observamos que o espaço de escolarização em contexto socioeducativo é um espaço importante, que tem potencial para (re)significar as perspectivas de vida desses jovens.
Ensuring the Stability of Agricultural Transport and Technological Machines Equipped with Ultra-Low Pressure Tires during Braking
Authors: Vakhidov Umar Sh. , Kurkin Andrey A. , Levshunov Lev S. , Molev Iuri I. , Proshin Dmitriy N. , Sogin Aleksandr V.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Improving the efficiency of agricultural operations and off-road logistics require new highly efficient non-road machinery with low pressure on road surface. The versatility of the use of this machinery imposes additional requirements on its design, including those related to road traffic safety on public roads. Changes in brake design are required to ensure safe braking performance when larger diameter wheels are used for the reason that to produce standard braking force according to the technical regulations for the safety of wheeled vehicles, requires more braking torque when using larger diameter wheels.
Materials and Methods. The article proposes a model for calculating the braking parameters of transport and technological agricultural machines equipped with ultra-low pressure wheels. The model differs from those used earlier in that its output parameter is not the braking efficiency, but the time difference between the front and rear axle locks.
Results. Fulfilling the condition of the front axle advance locking ensures the stability of the tractor motion during emergency braking that has a positive effect on road traffic safety. The results of the study suggest that to ensure the safe motion of the machines equipped with ultra-low pressure tires on public roads, it is necessary that the ratio of the distance from the center of mass to the front axle is at least not less than the distance from the center of mass to the road surface.
Discussion and Conclusion. The proposed mathematical model has shown its adequacy. The obtained mathematical dependencies allow us to justify different technical solutions for ensuring safe road movement of transport and technological agricultural machines equipped with ultra-low pressure tires. Thus, the maximum permissible height of the center of mass can be assumed to be equal to 90% of the distance from the location of the center of mass of an agricultural transport and technological machine to its front (controlled) axis.
A Second Exodus: Ethiopian Jews in Israel Between Religion, Nation and State
Authors: Shalev Marom Marva
Published: December 2020

Questions about Jewishness, Judaism, and the Jewish people have been topics ofmillennia-long debates. In this paper, I focus on the formation of social hierarchies inIsrael based on skin-color to argue that there is unresolved yet consequential tensionbetween definitions of Jewishness as a religious tradition, a national identity, and astate apparatus. I embrace the perspective of Ethiopian Jews, whose identities werereframed in Israel as Blacks, to illustrate how this tension placed dark-skinnedimmigrants beyond the scope of both Jewish religious tradition as well as nationalidentity, to become the marginalized inhabitants of the Jewish State. Thereby Idescribe and examine two state-imposed processes in which Israel’s Rabbinateplays a central role: 1) Israel’s demand that Ethiopian Jews convert to Judaism inorder to be accorded citizenship. 2) Israel’s demand that Ethiopian Jewish childrenattend a segregated Jewish Orthodox public-school system, to acquire and cultivatea particular national identity. State-sponsored schools have become the basis forboth religious and national identity education and re-education.Key words: Jewish nationalism; immigration; religious (re-)education; Skin Color;Zionism.
Verão do amor: os jovens e a nova forma de vestir
Authors: Silveira Laiana Pereira da
Published: December 2020

A síntese do artigo tem como objetivo trazer uma reflexão sobre a relevância que o vestuário possuiu durante o verão de 1967 através de uma revisão de bibliografia. O verão de 67, também conhecido como o verão do amor, ficou conhecido pelas manifestações espalhadas pelo mundo todo em que reuniam pessoas de diferentes lugares em busca de objetivos em comum que eram a paz, e também a valorização de elementos da natureza. Ficando evidente a inquietação dos jovens da década de 60, isso foi refletido diretamente no vestuário do período. Portanto, os estudos aqui apresentados são sobre o comportamento dos jovens do verão de 1967, as formas de manifestações e a atuação do vestuário.
Análises benchmark de jogos de tabuleiro com enfoque narrativo a partir da tétrade elementar de Jesse Schell
Authors: Uliano Marcelle de Lemos , De Faria Mônica Lima
Published: December 2020

A partir de um estudo histórico sobre os campos de jogos e narrativa, constatou-se que este diálogo é frequentemente relacionado à ascensão contemporânea dos jogos digitais, ofuscando o importante papel dos jogos de tabuleiro neste cruzamento. Tal reflexão originou o trabalho de conclusão de curso da autora, "Industrial Cases: Design da pré-produção de um jogo de tabuleiro com enfoque narrativo" (2018), no qual buscou-se averiguar a capacidade de jogos de tabuleiro de agirem como meios proporcionadores de experiências narrativas através da concepção de um jogo de tabuleiro com enfoque narrativo. Para dar início ao processo de game design, uma coleta de referências foi realizada através da análise de títulos já existentes, utilizando a tétrade elementar de Schell (2011) e análises benchmark.
As normatividades sociais: suas conceituações aplicadas ao objeto cultural Jogo da Vida
Authors: Matheus Pedro , Cruz Penkala Dias Ana Paula
Published: December 2020

Este artigo está vinculado com uma pesquisa maior, o Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso "A vida sem transgressões: o Jogo da Vida como objeto cultural e a sua propagação de normatividades sociais", e tem como intuito se aprofundar nos conceitos das normatividades sociais aplicadas ao objeto cultural Jogo da Vida, em sua edição de 2015 pela empresa Estrela. Metodologicamente, o artigo é uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório, com natureza bibliográfica voltada aos Estudos Culturais. Os resultados obtidos auxiliam no entendimento sobre o conceito que anteriormente foi considerado uma premissa no início da pesquisa maior e ajudam nos processos conceituais da produção de um redesign do Jogo da Vida. Palavras-chave: Jogo da Vida; Normatividades sociais; Objeto de cultura; Design; Estudos Culturais.
Design socialmente responsável como instrumento a favor do consumo consciente na moda
Authors: Gomes Júlia Hernandes , Penkala Ana Paula
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo é um recorte do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso desenvolvido no curso de Design Gráfico da Universidade Federal de Pelotas e tem como objetivo apresentar o design socialmente responsável como um instrumento de identidade social e instigador do consumo crítico através de sua aplicação ao vestuário. Isso se dá através da análise da apropriação de causas sociais utilizadas como ferramenta de persuasão que induzem à compra, mas não instigam a reflexão sobre o valor agregado, resultando em danos sociais e ecológicos de grande impacto. Como solução, o design é apresentado como agente de mudança social, demonstrando sua usabilidade em todos os processos que envolvem a produção de uma peça e como pode influenciar um consumo e produção consciente para todos os estágios de criação.
The impact of child care on child development in daycare and at home
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, Dwiyatna Archie Arman , Irwanto Irwanto ,   Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Setiawati Yunias ,   Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Wardhani Indrayuni Lukitra ,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: December 2020

Background: The insufficient amount of time allocated by working parents is one of the causes of reduced interaction between parents and children. Consequently, the solution of entrusting children to daycare centres remains a choice. The development of children aged 3–72 months is extremely significant because the brain volume develops to reach 95% of the adult brain volume. This makes the stimulation provided by caregivers extremely important. This study aimed to identify differences in the development of children entrusted to daycare centres compared to the home care. Methods: The study was performed in Surabaya, Indonesia. The total sample was divided into 2 groups of children aged 3–72 months, one group was cared for at home, and the other in the daycare setting. The subjects were assessed using Indonesia’s Prescreening Developmental Questionnaire (PDQ) to determine their development. The assessment was conducted twice, with the second evaluation taking place 6 months after the first analysis. Results: We analysed data from 193 children. The children cared for at home differed significantly (53.3%) from the children entrusted to daycare centres (38.8%) in the first assessment, while in the second assessment 44.4% of the former group experienced a disruption of their personal-social skills, compared 38.8% in the latter. Gross motor and speech-language skills changed significantly improved in 6 months’ evaluations. Conclusion: There were no differences between the development of children being cared for at home and those that were entrusted to daycare centres over 6 months of continuous evaluation.
English, national and local linguae francae in the language ecologies of Uganda and Tanzania
Authors: Mohr Susanne , Lorenz Steffen , Ochieng Dunlop
Published: December 2020

With regard to eastern Africa, English is usually discussed as a language of urban metropolises, connected to global capital and high education. However, globalisation has created pockets away from these urban centres, where English is an important part of local linguistic practices, coexisting with rather local linguae francae. This study presents two examples of such places from Uganda and Tanzania, discusses the role English and local languages have there, and the attitudes people hold towards them. The Ugandan data stem from Gulu, a medium-sized city, and show English as an essential element of everyday interaction not only in interethnic communication or business encounters, but also in interactions among ethnic Acholi. This importance is reflected in the attitudes held towards English. The Tanzanian data were collected in Arusha, another medium-sized city. They show an equally favourable attitude towards English instrumentally, despite Kiswahili being more frequently used in everyday communication. It is especially this use of Kiswahili that divides these two language ecologies and questions the notion of the ‘heartland’ of East Africa based on sociolinguistic similarities. The examples show the importance of recognising the dynamics of language locally (Pennycook, 2010) in its concrete ecologies when assessing the role of languages in Africa.
Language, Social Media and Ideologies: Translingual Englishes, Facebook and Authenticities Sender Dovchin (2020)
Authors: Zabrodskaja Anastassia
Published: December 2020

Language, Social Media and Ideologies: Translingual Englishes, Facebook and Authenticities Sender Dovchin (2020)
Russian Paremias and the Mechanisms of Human Thinking (The Expression of Generalized Value)
Authors: Potapova Natalia , Shchukina Daria
Published: December 2020

In the article proverbs and sayings reflecting the scope of human knowledge about the surrounding world are characterized as the material that allows to investigate cogitative processes of the native speaker. The structural and substantial features of paremias are considered, which makes it possible to use proverbs and sayings as a diagnostic tool in studying the thesaurus, peculiarities of person's psyche; in identification and investigation of disorders in operational side of thinking in psychology, pathopsychology and pedagogy. Russian paremias recorded in the National corpus of the Russian language, which were used in psychological tests to study the level of thinking, were analyzed. The results of the questionnaire survey of students of technical and humanitarian specialization, which reflect the thesaurus, the level of judgment, the development of logical thinking and intelligence, cultural values, individual knowledge and preferences of native speakers of modern Russian language are described. It is concluded that, on the basis of recipients' comprehension of generalized meaning of Russian paremias, which reflects the ability to perceive and highlight generalized conclusions about the typical life situation, it is possible to investigate the specificity of thinking of native speakers, caused by mental peculiarities, selectivity of memory mechanisms, the level of logical thinking and intelligence, and also the degree of formation of linguistic, cultural and professional competence of a modern Russian language native speaker.
Lexical Vernacular in the Speech of Literary Language Users Residing in Perm Region
Authors: Erofeeva Tamara , Shustova Svetlana
Published: December 2020

The article considers the influence of dialectal layer of the languages by means of incorporating vernaculars into the lexical system of the literary language. It is stated that substandard verbs most frequently get the status of colloquial verbs due to their expressive semantic content or to their wider area of usage. The material for the analysis was 24 substandard verbal lexemes recorded in the explanatory and dialectal dictionaries of the Russian language and found in the speech of native speakers of the literary language. Data on the use of these units were obtained from recordings of the speech of residents of Perm and cities of Perm Krai (the total duration of the audio is about 30 hours). The research is based on the description of the semantic and functional-stylistic potential of vernacular vocabulary. The dynamics of stylistic characteristics of a word is described on the basis of the data recorded in lexicographic publications of different years. It is shown that the transition of words from one subsystem of the Russian language to another is a natural and logical process that contributes to the enrichment of the vocabulary of the Russian language. It has been confirmed that vernacular is a transitional space between dialects and literary language.
New Trends in Multilingualism and Minority Languages on a Global Scale
Authors: Khilkhanova Erzhen
Published: December 2020

The article examines current trends in language policy and attitudes towards multilingualism and minority languages in the European Union, the USA, and Australia. On the example of some languages (Basque, Breton, Corsican, Sámi etc.) various factors affecting the current situation of minority languages are analyzed with priority to the state language policy. Special attention is concentrated on a new phenomenon in European sociolinguistics – the emergence of "new speakers" from minority groups who have learned these languages not in the family, but due to the educational system. Regarding the US language policy, the situation with the languages of North American Indians is described through some positive changes that have occurred in the economic, legal, cultural and linguistic environment of Indian tribes. The Australian case is analyzed as an equally striking example of progress from banning the use of aboriginal languages to modern programmes of their revitalisation. On the basis of the considered cases the author points to the importance of such factors as language activism and the financial and economic situation of minorities themselves. It is concluded that the change in the value paradigm only sets the framework conditions for the implementation of language rights but does not guarantee their success.
English-Russian Hybrid Words in Translated Text: On Linguistic Interference and Norms of Translation
Authors: Nefedova Liliya , Krasnopeyeva Ekaterina
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the influence of Russian-English functional bilingualism of IT and tech specialists on the formation of translation norms in the corresponding field. The research is carried out within the framework of sociology of translation and descriptive approach in translation studies. It investigates the patterns in the usage of hybrid lexemes combining Russian and English graphemes, e.g. IoT-устройство (IoT-device), API-интерфейс (API-interface) and Open Source-приложение (open source application) in translations. Methodologically, the study resorts to the theoretical stance of sociology of translation, namely the concepts of translation norm, represented in the works by G. Toury and A. Chesterman, translator's habitus and the field of translation, as well as corpus-based methodology. It utilizes a comparable corpus of translated and non-translated articles published by Russian IT business magazines itWeek, Computerworld and Novosti Elektroniki (Electronics News) in 2017. Hybrids are shown to be more common in non-translated text, which can be viewed as an aspect of the expectancy norm. Qualitative study revealed the following patterns in hybrid usage in translation. Most of the hybrids used in translation are the direct result of the transfer of original English analytical structures. Hybrids are also used in translation as part of pragmatic positive interference, which shows the translator's reliance on the recipient's extensive background knowledge of the subject, as well as command of the English language. Interference, both positive and negative, is argued to be the aspect of the expectancy norm present in the field of technology-oriented media translation.
Water bodies as the basis by open public spaces planning and an instrument of urban transformation
Authors: Kurochkina Valentina
Published: December 2020

Recently, construction in cities has been proceeding at a high rate. Increasingly, urban abandoned and flooded depressive spaces near water bodies (often rivers) that were previously used as industrial facilities or temporarily used are becoming the sphere of architectural and landscape transformations.
In the article the role of water bodies in the ecological system of the city, as well as in its structure as a whole is discussed and the principles of space transformation aimed at forming a holistic image of the city are considered, as well as the impact of such spatial placement of urban and water bodies on the safety and quality of the urban environment are revealed.
The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the formation of public urban space, determine the patterns of its development, and identify criteria that reflect the nature, scale, and features of the impact of urbanization on a water body. Some principles of revitalization of coastal areas are considered, as well as the creation of a system of publicly accessible, compositionally expressive spaces. Modern approaches to the development of public urban spaces based on the formation of a unified architectural environment that ensures the relationship of urban development with water bodies and adjacent territories are discussed.
In conclusion, water bodies are not only an important part of the natural and ecological framework, but also are the basis of the framework of urban natural and man-made systems as a whole. And the creation of a «unified urban planning» is impossible without the organization of a shore line development, ensuring the compositional, functional and communication interconnection of open urban and water spaces, which is actively being implemented today in architectural and continuous urban planning practice, is noted.
Comparação da percepção de qualidade de vida entre adolescentes praticantes e não praticantes de esporte no contraturno escolar
Authors: Pacífico Ana Beatriz , Peressute Anelize Gabriele , Piola Thiago Silva , Camargo Edina Maria de , Campos Wagner de
Published: December 2020

Resumo Introdução O esporte pode contribuir com a percepção de qualidade de vida dos adolescentes nessa fase de desenvolvimento. Objetivo Comparar os domínios da percepção de qualidade de vida de adolescentes, dos sexos masculino e feminino, praticantes de esporte no contraturno escolar (PE), praticantes de outra modalidade de exercício físico (PMEF) e não praticantes de exercício físico (NPEF). Método O estudo é transversal com delineamento ex post facto, com a população composta por adolescentes e com uma amostra de 374 sujeitos, dividida em três grupos. Para avaliar a percepção de qualidade de vida dos adolescentes, foi utilizado o questionário KIDSCREEN-52, e para a análise comparativa, o teste da Análise de variância (ANOVA) de um fator com post hoc de Scheffe. Resultados As comparações das dimensões de qualidade de vida (QV) mostraram que a prática esportiva é um importante fator para melhores percepções de QV e, consequentemente, uma melhor percepção de bem-estar, isto principalmente para o sexo masculino (F=5,38; 3,86; 4,79; 6,22; 7,93, para sentimentos; estado emocional; autopercepção; amigos; apoio social, respectivamente, p<0,05). Conclusão A prática esportiva, em especial na adolescência, merece destaque, já que os praticantes de esporte no contraturno apresentaram melhores percepções de QV nas diferentes dimensões analisadas.
Estresse ocupacional e saúde mental no trabalho em saúde: desigualdades de gênero e raça
Authors: Campos Françoise Magalhães , Araújo Tânia Maria de , Viola Denise Nunes , Oliveira Paula Caroline Santos , Sousa Camila Carvalho de
Published: December 2020

Resumo Introdução Os aspectos psicossociais do trabalho são fontes de estresse ocupacional, com impactos na saúde mental. Esta relação pode ser determinada pelo gênero e pela raça/cor da pele. Objetivo Avaliar associação entre estressores ocupacionais e saúde mental, focalizando desigualdades de gênero e raça/cor da pele entre trabalhadores da saúde. Método Estudo transversal com 3.084 trabalhadores de saúde da Bahia. Estressores ocupacionais foram avaliados pelo modelo demanda-controle (MDC), utilizando o Job Content Questionnaire. A variável desfecho, transtornos mentais comuns (TMC), foi avaliada pelo SRQ-20. Conduziu-se análise descritiva, bivariada e multivariada, estratificada por gênero e raça/cor da pele. Resultados A prevalência de TMC foi maior entre as mulheres (negras: 23,7%, e não negras: 19,6%), quando comparada com a verificada entre os homens (negros: 17,6%, e não negros: 14,7%). Observou-se associação de TMC com todos os grupos do MDC, para as mulheres negras, e com trabalho ativo e de alta exigência entre mulheres não negras. Entre os homens, a associação não foi estatisticamente significante. Conclusão Observaram-se diferenciais de gênero e raça/cor da pele na ocorrência de TMC e na associação com estressores ocupacionais, com prevalências mais elevadas entre as mulheres, principalmente as mulheres negras.
Consultoria em amamentação durante a pandemia COVID-19: relato de experiência
Authors: Lima Ana Carolina Maria Araújo Chagas Costa , Chaves Anne Fayma Lopes , Oliveira Mariana Gonçalves de , Lima Sabrina Alapenha Ferro Chaves Costa , Machado Márcia Maria Tavares , Oriá Mônica Oliveira Batista
Published: December 2020

Resumo Objetivo relatar a experiência de consultoras em amamentação no atendimento às lactantes durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Método relato de experiência de atendimentos de consultoria em amamentação, nas modalidades online e presencial, na cidade de Fortaleza-CE, Brasil, entre março e abril de 2020. Resultados diante de sentimentos de medo e ansiedade das lactantes, as consultoras prestaram apoio por meio de aconselhamento, bem como orientações com equipe multiprofissional. Todas as lactantes estavam amamentando e realizando distanciamento social e cuidados de higiene pessoal, sendo reforçado pelas consultoras a importância do acesso às fontes confiáveis de informação. Quanto aos problemas mamários, foram realizadas intervenções preventivas e curativas. Percebeu-se a satisfação das lactantes pelo serviço. Conclusão e implicações para a prática a consultoria em amamentação constitui-se como um dispositivo agregador na saúde das mulheres que favorece tanto a promoção do aleitamento materno quanto a saúde mental durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Este relato traz direcionamentos para uma prática holística, com vistas à melhoria da qualidade do cuidado prestado, levando-se em consideração os atuais desafios da promoção da saúde diante da pandemia e pode fomentar novas estratégias exitosas.
The Accountant: estereótipos do contador e os efeitos na autoimagem de estudantes e profissionais contábeis
Authors: Tonin Joyce Menezes da Fonseca , Arantes Vagner Alves , Colauto Romualdo Douglas , Juaniha Alcido Manuel
Published: December 2020

A presente pesquisa objetiva analisar as competências requeridas pelo American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) e construir discursos coletivos sobre estas competências e os estereótipos dos profissionais de contabilidade representados no filme The Accountant, de 2016. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário elaborado no Google Docs e disponibilizado no Facebook em grupos destinados a estudantes e profissionais contábeis. Obteve-se 98 respostas válidas e utilizou-se da análise do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo para identificar as similaridades e divergências entre o discurso de estudantes e profissionais contábeis que assistiram ao filme. Os achados sugerem que ambos os grupos apontam a inteligência, a proatividade e o comportamento ético como características associadas positivamente ao perfil do profissional. Essas características estão ligadas ao estereótipo do contador contemporâneo e indicam uma mudança na representação social do profissional compatível com as características do personagem Christian Wolff, interpretado por Ben Affleck, no filme. Entre as características negativas tem-se a ansiedade, recorrente em ambos os grupos. Os achados colocam em discussão os efeitos da representação cinematográfica do contador na autoimagem de estudantes e profissionais contábeis e destacam a alteração nessa representação social ao convergir para as características associadas ao estereótipo do contador contemporâneo.
Transplantation and autotransplantation of the liver in radical treatment of unresectable liver tumors and parasitic diseases
Authors: Novruzbekov M. S. , Olisov O. D. , Guliaev V. A. , Lutsyk K. N. , Magomedov K. M.
Published: December 2020

Aim. To evaluate results of liver transplantation and ex situ liver resection and autotransplantation in patients with unresectable parasitic and tumor liver lesions. Matherial and methods. A total of 22 orthotopic liver transplants and 4 ex situ liver resection and autotransplantations were performed. Liver transplants performed in 10 cases of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, 8 cases of alveolar echinococcosis, 4 cases of hepatic epithelioid haemangioendothelioma. Ex situ liver resection and autotransplantation were performed in 3 cases of alveolar echinococcosis and in 1 case of cholangiocarcinoma. Results. Postoperative complication developed in 38,4% patients. Mortality rate was 19.2%. Patients with alveolar echinococcosis were most complicated group with 36,3% early mortality rate. Mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma group was 10%. There were no early mortality in haemangioendothelioma and cholangiocarcinoma patients. Median overall survival for hepatocelluler carcinoma, alveolar echinococcosis and hepatic epithelioid haemangioendothelioma groups was 48, 36, 20 months respectively. Patient after ex situ liver resection for cholangiocarcinoma alive for 24 months and still disease free. Conclusion. Liver transplantation and ex situ liver resection and autotransplantation is the only opportunity for radical treatment for unresectable alveolar echinococcosis and some oncological diseases of the organ. Patients with unresectable alveolar echinococcosis is a high risk group of postoperative complications due to initial poor physical status, long-time disease, chronically infections and parasitic invasion.
INVOLUNTARY ADMISSION TO HOSPITAL IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES: ADMINISTRATIVE AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES
Authors:   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Solovyev A. A. , Aristov Е. V. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2020

Introduction: the article deals with the legal regulation of the involuntary admission procedures in different countries. Purpose: to study different administrative and judicial procedures that regulate the process of involuntary hospitalization and treatment through the instrumentality of court and other authorized bodies. Methods: the methodological framework of the research is represented by a group of general scientific methods: systematicity, analysis and synthesis, concretization. The principal private law method of the research is the comparative legal analysis. Results: the research has revealed the absence of a unified approach in legislation of different countries to the content of administrative and judicial procedures regulating the mechanism of involuntary hospitalization and medical treatment. The scope of administrative judicial procedures was found to differ in terms of legal regulation. The competency of administrative and judicial bodies in various countries with regard to the issues under study was defined. Conclusions: analysis of the relevant normative legal acts of various countries allows for a conclusion that different approaches in legal regulation make it possible not only to use different administrative and judicial procedures for involuntary admission but also to introduce different law enforcement acts, while not always by judicial and administrative bodies.
POST-WAR CRIMINAL PROSECUTION OF COLLABORATIONISTS IN THE MOLOTOV REGION: TO THE ASSESSMENT OF IMPUTATIONS’ VALIDITY
Authors:   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Suslov A. B.
Published: December 2020

The paper is aimed at examining criminal prosecution of the collaborationists, which is one of the most important activities of the post-war Soviet state security bodies. The research is based on the files of state security bodies in the Molotov region. In historiography, the issue is in general explored. Particularly, some papers describe well the evolution of legislative environment for criminal justice and penal sanctions for collaborationism. However, scholars, as a rule, do not verify information that can be found in official documents. Therefore, the author focuses mainly on the opportunities of using the investigations’ files as sources for the assessment of validity of imputations of collaborationism. The source analysis shows that, in general, a style of the significant part of accused persons’ evidences which can be found in the records of interrogations, bills of indictment, and other materials of the studied trials, shows an adequate representation of the most part of events. The author demonstrates that the state security bodies of Molotov region did an important work for the state and society, disclosing collaborationists and initiating criminal prosecution against them. They did a large-scale and intensive work to identify the criminals and prove their guilt. The analysis of declassified documents of investigation bodies and tribunals lets the author to conclude that a large part of those evidences are persuasive. However, the ability to extend the research results to the activity of the state security service as a whole depends on whether historians would have the opportunity for studying all the doc- Уголовное преследование … 117 uments of the Soviet state security service of the war and post-war period dealing with the trials against collaborationists
“WOULD YOU BE SO KIND NOT TO WITHHOLD MY APPLICATION”. THE 1920-S RABFAK STUDENTS' PROBLEMS REFLECTED IN THEIR APPEALS TO THE AUTHORITIES
Authors:   Kuban State University, Studenikina E. S.
Published: December 2020

Workers’ faculties (rabfak) began their work to help the workers and the poorest countrymen in gaining necessary knowledge for admission to higher educational institutions. The article examines the moment of the rabfak establishment from the point of view of students who wrote to the authorities. The analysis of letters helps us trace milestones in students’ lives, such as entering workers’ faculties, studies, graduation, along with the related problems. Most of the letters to the authorities dealt with the students’ personal problems and their involvement into getting proper education, without considering systemic issues, such as inefficient learning in some institutions or the lack of students with a certain specialization. Students’ letters also help us look more closely at the problems of rabfak students, especially since those letters are rarely allocated into individual cases; much more often they are mixed with the appeals of students and/or other citizens to certain authorities. Partially, the topics contained in the letters were the subject of a wide public discussion of the 1920s (overload of educational and social work, difficult living conditions, the need to work additionally, etc.); others concerned the individual situation of a particular student: transfer to another university for family reasons, disappointment in the profession, etc. The letters give an idea not only about the peculiarities of studying at the workers’ faculty, but also about the student life of that time, relations between students, and the perception of the higher education system by young people as well
NARRATIVIZATION OF THE UKRAINIAN PAST IN THE LATE 19TH – EARLY 21ST CENTURY: IS OVERCOMING POSSIBLE?
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Zhurba О.I. , Lytvynova Т.F. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: December 2020

The basic strategies for constructing the framework of the Ukrainian national historical and historiographic narratives in the late 19th and early 20th centuries are analyzed in the first part of the paper. The nationalization of Ukrainian history and historical writing and the decisive role in forming the Ukrainian project of the pre-modern Little Russian nation are shown. The main mechanisms of the process are revealed, such as the historiographic expansion of the Little Russian intellectual range, the consolidation and ethnicization of regional history of the metropolises, the building of linear, teleological constructions, and the anthropologization of the ethnic community. Attention is paid to the technology of forming images of neighbors as contouring enemies. The authors demonstrate the methods for implementing the basic principles of constructing a national narrative in the practice of historical writing. Three competing strategies for creating large Ukrainian national histories that have had a decisive influence on the algorithms of modern didactic, affirmative and analytical historiography are presented. In the second part of the paper, contemporary approaches to the modernization of the traditional national narrative determined during the discussion of 2012−2014 are identified: 1) the deconstruction of national narrative, the rejection of the «tyranny» of asynchronous territoriality, and the development of dual research optics (the methodology of regional history and the integration of national history into the contexts of large cultural communities); 2) the decorative updating of the national narrative through the implementation of a multinational approach; 3) the middle position of «pluralistic indifference», consistent with the arguments of the extreme parties. It is noted that the current socio-political situation has formed an increased demand for the modernization of the ethno-national narrative of the early 20th century, which threatens to discard Ukrainian historiography to the standards of historiography at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.
PATH DEPENDENCE, POLITICS OF TIME AND METAMORPHOSIS OF HISTORY
Authors:   Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chekantseva Z. A.
Published: December 2020

Path dependence, used in social sciences to model phenomena of various natures, provides an opportunity to reflect on how knowledge about the past works. In the new millennium, the ethos of history and its role in the lives of people occupy a large place in transdisciplinary research programs and discussions, in which not only historians, but also philosophers and representatives of all sciences, without exception, participate. It is connected with rethinking the conceptual foundations of historical knowledge and the formation of a new historical culture. The article discuss- Path dependence … 15 es modern controversial trends in the epistemology of historiography related to the problems of historical dynamics and such basic concepts for historical knowledge as historicity, historical time, and the politics of time. Analysis of avant-garde trends in intellectual culture allows us to show how changes occur in the understanding and production of the historical. In the context of a rapidly changing world and a radical renewal of temporal experience, the discovery of the politics of time, the rethinking of historicity, and the search for high-quality historical time clarify the specifics of modern historical research, which is born at the intersection of theory and practice. Culture affirms the idea of the performative role of history and historians in our time. Historians do not just study the past; they participate in forming historicity and the temporal regime in which they live, helping people analyze life situations, make decisions, form the rules of communication, and create "institutions" as basic cultural structures that determine life in the present and allow them to find resources for thinking about the future.
Methodological Dead Ends of Modern Criminology
Authors: Moskovtsev Aleksandr , Sukhodolov Alexander
Published: December 2020

The main source of methodological dead ends in science is the rigidity of its key theoretical construct determined by the accepted methodology. Such rigidity hinders the natural development of science that spreads it competencies to new unknown spheres of reality. Any attempts to apply a common concept to reality invariably come across its variety. The science resolves contradictions between the general and the specific by finding intermediary links between them. In all situations when a common concept is problematic, methodology plays the part of a high point that makes it possible to observe all shifts in the contradiction between the essence and the phenomenon. Criminology is based on the hypothesis of a society that generates crime. The contents of this society include the whole aggregate of public circumstances that have a criminological significance. Russian criminological mainstream views criminogenic circumstances as those in the sphere of socially negative public relations. The use of the criterion of socially negative relations to identify criminologically relevant public circumstances is the key obstacle for the criminological research in many directions. A true challenge for such research is explaining the nature of economic, corruption and information crimes. Their basics form public relations that are, for the most part, in the realm of the criminological unknown. Hence, it is problematic to produce well-founded recommendations on the development and implementation of a crime suppression policy. In the process of research, the authors determined that criminologically relevant circumstances may, in principle, belong to any of the possible aspects of analyzing the social environment. To prevent the general scheme aimed at identifying criminogenic circumstances from being stuck in the close and the immediate, it is necessary, first of all, to take into consideration a growing significance of independent actions of the community in its interaction with the state when determining the boundaries of the socially negative phenomena. Secondly, it is suggested that local social systems should be used as an intermediary link between the general scheme and specific local social interactions for representing the process of forming criminogenic circumstances in it entirety, in the interconnection of positive, negative and «grey» interactions.
Victimological Safety of Persons Sentenced to Imprisonment: Conceptual Aspects
Authors: Smirnov Alexander
Published: December 2020

The author presents the conceptual basis of an independent trend in victimology - the victimological safety of persons sentenced to imprisonment. The independence of this trend is justified by the existence of its own subject, object, aim, its theoretical and practical relevance, which are described in this paper. It is suggested that the victimological safety of convicts should be understood as the situation when their rights are protected during their imprisonment in correctional institutions. The research of the victimological safety of convicts is necessary because correctional institutions are highly criminogenic, and inmates are potentially predisposed to be victims of criminal behavior. The author enumerates factors influencing the victimity of inmates: personal traits of convicts (light-mindedness, casual behavior, customary use of swearwords that compensate for a poor vocabulary, etc.); character of the crime for which a person is convicted; psychological climate in the community of inmates, level of law and order maintained in the correctional institution; other factors determining the status of a convict in the penitentiary social environment. The author also presents a typology of convicts who become victims of criminal infringements; characterizes inmates placed in isolation for the reasons of personal safety; enumerates the most victimogenic categories of convicts in places of confinement; points out causes and conditions that victimize the personality of a convict in correctional institutions. The results of the conducted research are used to work out the preventive measures of ensuring the victimological safety of convicts, including organizational-management, regime, investigation and search and educational-psychological work. The information of this article has a practical value and can improve the effectiveness of work aimed at ensuring the safety of inmates, as well as the general situation with law and order in Russian penitentiary institutions.
L’engagement global, nouveau vecteur d’action des universités
Authors: Breton Gilles , Bel David
Published: December 2020

Le Professeur Gilles Breton, Université d’Ottawa, est interviewé par son collègue du RIMES, David Bel (Université normale de Chine du sud).