bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A TERRITORIALIDADE NA PERSPECTIVA DO POVO MUNDURUKU: TERRA INDÍGENA COATÁ-LARANJAL EM BORBA - AMAZONAS
Authors: Cardoso Estélio Lopes , Cardoso Ytanajé Coelho , Soares Ana Paulina Aguiar , Silva Adnilson de Almeida
Published: June 2023

O propósito deste trabalho é apresentar a noção de territorialidade a partir da percepção do povo Munduruku, que vive no município de Borba, estado do Amazonas, e analisar, sobretudo, as relações do modo de pensar o lugar atualmente. Evidencia-se que o território consiste em um espaço de pertencimento étnico, no qual estão inseridos os fenômenos históricos tanto concreto quanto abstrato, preservados na paisagem territorial indígena. O pertencimento cultural, simbólico e social que um determinado povo originário estabelece com seu meio de viver se dá pela permanência do lugar. Os Munduruku, neste sentido, são os verdadeiros sujeitos que estabeleceram essa ligação com a natureza, sendo ela entendida como parte do corpo humano que precisa ser cuidado. Este trabalho se insere nos estudos de grande importância na Geografia Cultural e, como resultado, mostra que o espaço vivenciado pelo Munduruku carrega um autocuidado ancestral, principalmente sobre a terra, visto por meio cultural e por experiência subjetiva étnica. As reflexões e os resultados encontram-se ancorados na pesquisa qualitativa, mediante abordagem que considera as relações e experiências (vividas e subjetivas) das pessoas e do coletivo com seus respectivos significados.
MAPEAMENTO DA COBERTURA VEGETAL PARA ATUALIZAÇÃO CARTOGRÁFICA EM MARINGÁ/PR COM USO DE ABORDAGEM ESTATÍSTICA DO NDVI E ÁRVORE DE DECISÃO
Authors: Marques Américo José , Montanher Otávio Cristiano
Published: June 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar o uso de imagens orbitais do sensor MSI, satélite Sentinel 2A, para o mapeamento da vegetação na área correspondente à carta topográfica de Maringá (PR), folha SF-22-Y-D-II-3. O índice NDVI foi a variável espectral selecionada, e com uso do Google Earth Engine foram processadas nove imagens entre fev/2021 e jan/2022. As classificações se pautaram nas imagens-estatísticas de média e desvio-padrão, ao invés das imagens individuais. Foram testados dois métodos de classificação, um por fatiamento simples, e o outro método foi a árvore de decisão (algoritmo J48), em que foram usados 413 pontos de referência. Os resultados mostraram que o classificador por árvore de decisão apresentou resultados ligeiramente melhores do que o fatiamento simples, com índices Kappa iguais a 0,893 e 0,877, respectivamente. A árvore de decisão utilizou a média como principal variável, mas quando ela esteve entre 0,6678 e 0,7504 os pixels foram classificados também com o uso do desvio-padrão. O fatiamento simples classificou mais áreas como vegetação, enquanto a árvore de decisão classificou menos áreas. Enquanto o primeiro classificador seria mais indicado para o mapeamento de áreas de preservação, independentemente do porte da vegetação, o segundo seria mais indicado para o mapeamento de coberturas florestais.
Máquinas para mirar
Authors: Pantaleón Panaro Carlos
Published: June 2023

Tres pinturas de Caspar David Friedrich sugieren al autor diferentes comportamientos del ser humano en el espacio generados a partir de la relación entre un observador y el objeto observado, relación en la que media un dispositivo que incide en los distintos comportamientos o categorías estéticas suscitados. Estas actitudes y sentimientos de los personajes que habitan las tres pinturas están asociados a los ambientes específicos en los que se encuentran y cuyas características favorecen esas reacciones. De manera concomitante con estas situaciones, se proponen y describen brevemente algunas obras de arquitectura que podrían ser escenario de las mismas circunstancias planteadas por Friedrich en sus pinturas, sin que este paralelismo constituya un universo completo ni estrictamente biunívoco. Estas obras que favorecen determinados modos de percibir y reaccionar ante lo percibido son lo que en este trabajo se denomina máquinas para mirar.
Control social y consejos de políticas públicas: un análisis de la asistencia social brasileña
Authors: Da Silva Oliveira Carvalho Jaqueline , Barbosa Sampaio Flávia Lorenne , Pinto de Almeida Bizarria Fabiana , Ribeiro Pereira Maria Erica , O’hara Alves Sobrinho Francisca Scarlet
Published: June 2023

La Constitución Federal y la Ley Orgánica de Asistencia Social (LOAS) establecen que la población participará en la formulación de las políticas de asistencia social y en el control de las acciones. Así, este trabajo analiza cómo el control social ejercido por los Consejos de Políticas Públicas de Asistencia Social puede incidir en la implementación de esta política. Se realizó una investigación bibliográfica y documental sobre artículos, páginas web, libros, tesis y disertaciones, legislación y resoluciones. Así, se verificó que, si bien el control social funciona como eje estructurador de los procesos de toma de decisiones en los Consejos de Políticas Públicas de Asistencia Social, no cumple con sus funciones de fortalecimiento y perfeccionamiento de los Consejos y, consecuentemente, en la implementación de las políticas públicas.
¿Qué tan abierto y meritocrático ha sido el ingreso a la Administración Pública Nacional (APN) argentina en el Sistema Nacional de Empleo Público (SINEP) entre los años 2016 y 2022?
Authors: Luxardo Diego
Published: June 2023

El presente trabajo procura evaluar los mecanismos de ingreso a la administración pública de la Rep. Argentina en el marco del Sistema Nacional de Empleo Público (SINEP), entre los años 2016 y 2022, para poder establecer su nivel de meritocracia o discrecionalidad. Para esto indaga dos dimensiones del funcionamiento de estos mecanismos: por un lado, la meritocracia estrictamente hablando, encarnada en la realización de concursos para el ingreso, en contraposición a las altamente discrecionales contrataciones transitorias; por el otro, el nivel de apertura a la ciudadanía externa a la administración pública, de la competencia por el acceso a los cargos vacantes, reflejado en los tipos de convocatoria utilizados (convocatorias Abiertas vs. Generales e Internas).  El trabajo revela cómo, si bien pueden producirse avances significativos en la primera de estas dimensiones (la meritocracia) celebrándose concursos periódicamente, éstos pueden no verse acompañados de avances análogos en la segunda (la apertura de la competencia), lo cual podría estar socavando "el espíritu de la norma" que procura establecer un sistema de ingreso a la administración pública basado en el mérito y la igualdad de oportunidades.
El régimen disciplinario de las universidades nacionales argentinas frente a sus docentes regulares a la luz de la autonomía universitaria
Authors: Aguirre Cinthia Noelia
Published: June 2023

En el presente artículo nos proponemos analizar el régimen disciplinario de las universidades nacionales argentinas frente a sus docentes regulares a la luz de la autonomía universitaria. Para ello, estudiaremos el plexo normativo aplicable a través de la Constitución Nacional, la ley Nº 24.521 y, en particular ciertos aspectos de las normas de la UBA, la UNC, la UNLP y la UNLaM. Advertimos que la regulación en dicha materia es una potestad exclusiva de las universidades, que existen dos procedimientos disciplinarios: el procedimiento administrativo y el juicio académico y, que la procedencia de uno u otro es en virtud de la falta cometida y, en consecuencia, de la sanción. Respecto al procedimiento administrativo, concluimos en que, en caso de ausencia de reglamentación, las universidades podrían aplicar el Reglamento de Investigaciones Administrativas aprobado por el decreto (PEN) Nº 467/99, pero con ciertos matices y, en relación al juicio académico, resultaría necesario que adecuen su reglamentación asegurando el derecho de defensa del docente y la potestad disciplinaria de dichas instituciones. Es decir, el problema se circunscribe a ciertos aspectos del procedimiento disciplinario
Músicos negros en Mendoza durante la revolución de la independencia argentina
Authors: Morales Orlando Gabriel , Caballero Luis César
Published: June 2023

Este trabajo reconstruye la trayectoria social de Enrique Vargas, un esclavo de oficio músico que integró la primera banda de música de la ciudad de Mendoza y se desempeñó como músico en el Batallón N° 11 del Ejército de los Andes. A través del caso de Vargas indagamos las experiencias de músicos negros en Mendoza en la coyuntura de la revolución de la independencia argentina. En la restitución histórica recurrimos a fuentes inéditas heterogéneas: libros parroquiales con informaciones de bautismos, defunciones, matrimonios, expedientes judiciales, protocolos notariales y correspondencia de gobierno, entre otras. La trayectoria de Vargas y otros sujetos de similar condición deja ver las mediaciones de la música en la sociabilidad de los esclavos, en sus estrategias de libertad, solidaridades grupales y el desenvolvimiento de los músicos negros en los ejércitos patrios. La exploración del mundo de los esclavos músicos entrega un panorama más complejo y rico que el conocido hasta ahora y permite discutir algunas interpretaciones historiográficas sobre la incorporación de músicos negros en las bandas militares de los ejércitos patrios.
PENERAPAN ASAS NEBIS IN IDEM DALAM PENYELESAIAN PERSELISIHAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL
Authors: Adhistianto Mohammad Fandrian
Published: June 2023

Putusan Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial pada Pengadilan Negeri Bandung nomor 90/G/2007/PHI. BDG dan Putusan Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial pada Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta nomor 143/PHI.G/2007/PN. JKT.PST. memutus perkara dengan objek yaitu Kenaikan Gaji Pokok Tahun 2017 di PT Bridgestone Tire Indonesia dan pihak yang sama yaitu serikat pekerja dan pengusaha. Hukum acara yang berlaku di Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial sebagai hukum yang bersifat khusus dari hukum acara perdata yang merupakan hukum yang bersifat umum. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum untuk memberikan preskripsi mengenai apa yang seyogyanya atas itu yang dilakukan. Seharusnya Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial pada Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta memutus perkara dengan amar putusan niet ontvankelijke verklaard sebagaimana asas Nebis in Idem.
KONSEP SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA KHUSUS PEREMPUAN KORBAN KEKERASAN
Authors: Agustanti Rosalia Dika , Waluyo Bambang
Published: June 2023

Kekerasan terhadap perempuan menjadi masalah sosial yang sangat serius karena kurang mendapat respon yang memadai. Artikel ini menyampaikan gagasan penulis tentang konsep sistem peradilan pidana khusus perempuan korban kekerasan. Kesimpulan artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep ini bisa diwujudkan jika dilaksanakan dengan dukungan beberapa komponen sistem peradilan pidana dengan ketentuan melibatkan polisi, jaksa penuntut umum dan hakim wanita. Tentunya hal ini masih dalam kewenangan lingkungan peradilan umum, hanya saja teknis pelaksanaannya disesuaikan dengan kondisi perempuan korban kekerasan agar tujuan perlindungan dan pemenuhan terhadap hak-hak perempuan sebagai korban kekerasan dapat terpenuhi dengan baik. Selain itu diperlukan penguatan kerjasama dan koordinasi antara subsistem peradilan pidana serta penguatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia untuk menangani dan menyelesaikan kasus kekerasan kepada perempuan di Indonesia.
Toxicidade de inseticida agrícola em bioensaio com Artemia salina
Authors: Alves Lustosa Eliane , Nobrega de Sousa Marcos Antonio , Lucena de Oliveira Thaís , Gabrielly de Sousa Pereira Jeniffer , Vitória Amaral Nóbrega Francisca
Published: June 2023

Os inseticidas são agrotóxicos utilizados para controlar insetos prejudiciais às plantações agrícolas. Entretanto, o uso exacerbado de agrotóxicos pode resultar em efeitos tóxicos à saúde humana e inúmeros impactos socioambientais. Diferentes ensaios de toxicidade podem ser utilizados para analisar o efeito tóxico de determinadas substâncias. Dentre eles, o bioensaio com Artemia salina é considerado um teste rápido, confiável e de custo acessível, quando comparado a testes em outros modelos animais, como mamíferos. O objetivo com esse estudo foi avaliar o potencial tóxico do inseticida agrícola ciromazina utilizando o microcrustáceo A. salina. Os náuplios permaneceram em contato com a substância teste diluída em solução de água salina, em concentrações decrescentes a partir da dose usual, e o controle negativo ocorreu apenas em solução salina. O experimento foi realizado em triplicata, e após 24 e 48 horas de exposição foram contabilizadas as larvas sobreviventes, sendo calculada, por meio de análise estatística, a toxicidade aguda, a Concentração Letal Média (CL50) e a relação dose-resposta. O inseticida foi considerado tóxico, e a toxicidade aguda foi maior após 48 horas de exposição. Além disso, foi possível observar uma relação dose-resposta, entre as concentrações e a mortalidade dos organismos expostos. Assim, é importante destacar que é fundamental o monitoramento dos efeitos tóxicos desse inseticida, considerando que é um produto bastante utilizado no âmbito agrícola.
Herausgeberschaft und Verantwortung: Über die Un-/Abhängigkeit wissenschaftlicher Fachzeitschriften
Authors: Knöchelmann Marcel
Published: June 2023

Technischer Wandel ermöglicht Open Access wie auch Unabhängigkeit von etablierten Verlagen. Dies wiederum wirft Fragen zur verantwortungsvollen Herausgeberschaft auf: Was bedeutet Unabhängigkeit in Bezug auf Kernthemen wie Gestaltung der Qualitätssicherung, Umgang mit Bibliometrie, allen voran dem Journal Impact Factor, und Sichtbarkeit? In diesem Artikel werden Ergebnisse einer empirischen Studie zur Verantwortung der Herausgeberschaft in der Medizin und Philosophie vorgestellt und diskutiert. Sie deuten zur kritischen Rolle von Bibliotheken in der Publikationsberatung.
An experimental study for chemical characterization of artificial anterior cruciate ligament with coated chitosan as biomaterial
Authors: Turşucular Ömer Fırat , Ulcay Yusuf
Published: June 2023

The importance and aim of this experimental study is that raw artificial anterior cruciate ligament samples were produced with various 3-D braiding constructions with various technical yarns using the 3-D braiding method. Later, it is aimed to determine the chemical bond changes between raw samples with ethylene oxide (EtO) sterilization and bio-chemical finishing samples by applying padding process and EtO sterilization processes for all samples with 3-D braiding structures, due to the cross-linking of biocompatible chitosan (CHI) with biological cross-linker glutaraldehyde (GA). The importance of this experimental study is that it is the first experimental chemical analysis in this field in the world scientific study. Padding and EtO sterilization processes were applied on all samples and compared to various technical yarns with 3-D braiding structures thanks to biocompatible CHI. Chemical analysis was interpreted for all samples. It was determined that the applied temperature, concentration, pH, yarn types, characteristic bonds in the chemical structure of the technical yarns, applied bio-chemical finishing process and EtO sterilization had effect on the formation, shifting and breaking of chemical bonds. It was determined that the yarn number, braiding geometry, braiding angle (°) and braid construction had no effect on the formation or shifting of chemical bonds. New bonds were formed thanks to CHI and GA due to their extremely reactive between 5 and 5.5 pH. They reacted quickly with Schiff base bond in all samples. CHI was ionized in all samples. It was determined that new bonds were formed in UHMWPE, PPD-T and HT PET structures. The most common bond formations were HT PET > PPD-T > UHMWPE. The reasons for these chemical structure changes in all samples depended on their chemical structures, bond types, molecular weights, reactivities, ease and speed of diffusions, crystallinities of technical yarns and all chemicals used. In order to increase the formation of new chemical bonds the pH should be between 5 and 5.5. GA concentration should be a minimum of 25% or higher. The dissolution time of CHI should be minimum 3 h or more. The dissolution process temperature of CHI should be minimum of 70°C or higher. The absorption, adsorption and chelation properties of CHI on all samples will also be evident successfully as in this experimental chemical study.
Tribological behaviour of thermally sprayed ceramic coating at high temperature
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Walia Ravinderjit S. , Singh Pushpendra , Murtaza Qasim
Published: June 2023

The present study focuses on the wear behaviour of a Al2O3-13 wt.% TiO2 composite coating deposited by a flame spray method for high temperature applications. The microstructural characterisation and mechanical properties, such as microhardness and surface roughness were studied. In addition, the porosity characterisation of the coating was studied through quantitative image analysis using the software Image_J. The tribological testing of the deposited coating was performed at four different temperatures, i.e., 25 °C, 100 °C, 200 °C and 400 °C, using a high temperature pin-on-disk tribometer. The specific wear rate decreases with an increase in temperature of upto 200 °C and then increases slightly at 400 °C, whereas the coefficient of friction declines with temperature rise. The dominant wear mechanism is three-body abrasion and brittle fracture followed by erosion and oxidation wear at high temperatures.
Bladder cancer screening: The new selection and prediction model
Authors: Radosavljevic Vladan , Milic Natasa
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study was to offer new approach for selection of persons with asymptomatic bladder cancer (BC) and highly risky persons for the BC occurrence. Also, it is a part of the BC screening protocol (study is ongoing). Study populations were 100 newly diagnosed (diagnosis maximum 1-year old) males with BC and 100 matched (by sex and age ±5 years) controls (not oncology patients from the same hospital). A hospital based, matched case–control study was done. Statistical analysis comprised of four steps: t-test, univariate logistic regression, multivariate logistic regression, and scoring. The fifth step comprised of two changes, deleting one variable and addition of another variable. Six variables were statistically significant: Caucasian men over 45 years age, tobacco smoking over 40 pack-years, occupational and/or environmental exposure to the proved BC carcinogens over 20 years, macrohematuria, difficulty urinating, BC in relatives up to fourth degree of kinships, and they were used for an easy and fast selection of the individuals with high risk for BC occurrence and BC asymptomatic patients (optimal selection at the population level). The final results showed highly significant probability (p < 0.001), with area under ROC curve of 0.913, negative predictive values of 89.7% (95% CI 10.3–100%), and a specificity of 78%. Positive predictive value was 80.5% (95% CI 19.5–100%) and a sensitivity of 91%. It is possible to recruit asymptomatic BC patients (primary prevention) by using this model, as well as persons with high risk for BC occurrence (primordial prevention). This study is the first part of the BC screening protocol and the second part of the BC screening protocol study is ongoing (urine analysis).
Interstellar radiation as a Maxwell field: Improved numerical scheme and application to the spectral energy density
Authors: Arminjon Mayeul
Published: June 2023

The existing models of the interstellar radiation field (ISRF) do not produce a Maxwell field. Here, the recent model of the ISRF as a Maxwell field is improved by considering separately the different frequencies at the stage of the fitting. Using this improved procedure: (i) It is checked in detail that the model does predict extremely high values of the spectral energy density (SED) on the axis of a galaxy, which however decreases very rapidly when

ρ

\rho

, the distance to the axis, is increased from zero. (ii) The difference between the SED values (with

ρ
=
1

\rho =1

or

8

kpc

8\hspace{0.33em}{\rm{kpc}}

), as predicted either by this model or by a recent radiation transfer model, is reduced significantly. (iii) The slower decrease of the SED with increasing altitude

z

z

, as compared with the radiation transfer model, is confirmed. We also calculate the evolutions of the SED at large

ρ

\rho

. We interpret these evolutions by determining asymptotic expansions of the SED at large

z

z

, and also ones at large

ρ

\rho

.
Funktionskreis, Gestaltkreis, and Situationskreis in the context of integrated medicine
Authors: Augustyn Prisca
Published: June 2023

This paper explains Viktor von Weizsäcker’s Gestaltkreis model as a reinterpretation of Jakob von Uexküll’s Funktionskreis. Also derived from the Funktionskreis is Thure von Uexküll’s Situationskreis model. Both Weizsäcker’s Gestaltkreis and Thure von Uexküll’s Situationskreis have evolved in the context of integrated medicine in Germany throughout the twentieth century. Focusing on the role of language in health and medicine, this paper addresses important concepts associated with the project of integrated medicine in Germany, especially the biographical approach practiced by Viktor von Weizsäcker and developed by Thure von Uexküll through the concept of the biographical organ. While their efforts to reform the practice of medicine and the training of physicians were unsuccessful, recent research in the psychology of language and health and recommendations for more patient-centered communication resonate with the principles underlying Viktor von Weizsäcker’s and Thure von Uexküll’s integrated medicine.
Comparing the performances of different sulfonating agents in sulfonation of methyl esters synthesized from used cooking oil
Authors: Yusuff Adeyinka S. , Bode-Olajide Favour B.
Published: June 2023

Methyl ester sulfonate (MES) is considered as an efficient and novel surfactant used as main active ingredient in cleansing products. MES is often produced via sulfonation of methyl ester (ME) with sulfonating agent. In this study, ME was synthesized from used cooking oil (UCO) via transesterification and then sulfonated to produce MES using two different sulfonating agents (chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) and sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3)). The influence of various factors (temperature, sulfonating agent/ME molar ratio and time) on MES yield was investigated. Analysis of optimal MES samples was carried out using different techniques (GC-FID, FTIR and 1H NMR). The maximum MES yield of 88.2 % was achieved with CSA/ME molar ratio of 1.2:1 at 70 °C for 3 h while the highest MES yield of 79.4 % was obtained with NaHSO3/ME molar ratio of 1.2:1 at 90 °C for 3 h. FTIR and 1H NMR analyses revealed the presence of methyl (CH2− asymmetric and CH2− symmetric stretching vibrations), esters (C=O, C–O, and O–CH3), and sulfonate (S=O) groups in MESCSA and MESNaHSO3 samples, thereby affirming the desired product. Surface tension analysis showed that the MESCSA and MESNaHSO3 have low critical micelle concentrations of 0.079 g/L and 0.14 g/L, respectively while the corresponding surface tensions were 51.9 mN/m and 30.94 mN/m for MESCSA and MESNaHSO3 respectively.
Independência e participação das elites políticas da Bahia na Assembleia Constituinte de 1823
Authors: ASSIS Nancy Rita Sento Sé de
Published: June 2023

When the work of the Constituent and Legislative General Assembly of the Empire of Brazil was begun in 1823, the state of Bahia was absent. It was to arrive at a delay, as in its capital and surrounding region the fight for independence was still underway. Such a situation sparked controversies and debates which highlighted the province’s economic and political importance, whose absence, according to various deputies, rendered the implementation of certain agendas inviable. Between impasses and decisions, it is possible to understand Bahia’s insertion in parliamentary debates and to problematize the intentions, interests, and plans of its representatives when they comment on issues such as amnesty, provincial government, and the creation of law courses in Brazil, based on the speeches registered in the annals of the Senate. The minutes of the Constituent General Assembly’s sessions held in 1823 are the sources used here, interpreted and problematized from the perspective of the discourse analysis method.
ERMENİ KİLİSESİ’NİN KURUCULARINDAN AZİZ BÜYÜK NERSES PARTEV (329-373)
Authors: SEYFELİ Canan
Published: June 2023

Makalenin konusu Ermeni Kilisesi’nin kurucularından Aziz Büyük Nerses’in hayatı, kişiliği ve faaliyetleridir. Nerses, Ermenilerin aydınlatıcısı ve Ermeni Kilisesi’nin kurucusu kabul edilen Grigor Lusavoriç’in soyundan önemli bir patriktir. Çünkü, Kilise’nin kuruluş sürecinde ruhani liderlik Grigor soyunda yürümüştür. Çalışmanın temel amacı Nerses’in Ermeni Kilisesi’nin kurulmasında ve kurumsallaşmasında oynadığı rolü ortaya koymaktır. Döneminde henüz hem Hıristiyanlık bir din olarak kendisini tamamlamamış hem kiliseler bağımsızlaşmamış hem de Ermeni Kilisesi kendi rengini alarak kurumsal yapısını biçimlendirmeyi tamamlamamıştır. Bu nedenle, kurumsallaşma sürecinde faaliyetlerinden hareketle Nerses’in Ermeni Kilisesi’nin sistemleşmesine katkısını ortaya çıkarma hedeflenmiştir. Nerses hakkındaki iki ana kaynak; kendi döneminde yaşamış P’avstos’un Buzand’ın Tarihi (Բուզանդարան Պատմութիւնք) ve ana metni V. Yüzyıla dayanan anonim Ermeni Patriği Aziz Nerses Partev’in Tarihi (Պատմութիւն Սրբոյն Ներսեսի Պարթեւի Հայոց Հայրապետի) isimli eserlerdir. Sonuç olarak Nerses’in dini faaliyetlerinin sosyal ve siyasi hususları da içine alan geniş bir boyutta olduğu görülmüştür. O, Kilise’yi hiyerarşik, inançsal ve ayinsel boyutlarıyla düzenlerken Ermeni Kilisesi’nin bir sistem kazanmasını sağlamıştır. Ancak dönemin Ermeni coğrafyasındaki belirsizlikler, değişkenlikler ve istikrarsızlık köklü bir değişime engel olmuş, Nerses’ten sonra özellikle sosyal faaliyetleriyle kurduğu düzenin bozulmasına yol açmıştır.
Real‐time genomics for One Health
Authors: Urban Lara , Perlas Albert , Francino Olga , Martí‐Carreras Joan , Muga Brenda A , Mwangi Jenniffer W , Boykin Okalebo Laura , Stanton Jo‐Ann L , Black Amanda , Waipara Nick , Fontsere Claudia , Eccles David , Urel Harika , Reska Tim , Morales Hernán E , Palmada‐Flores Marc , Marques‐Bonet Tomas , Watsa Mrinalini , Libke Zane , Erkenswick Gideon , van Oosterhout Cock
Published: June 2023

The ongoing degradation of natural systems and other environmental changes has put our society at a crossroad with respect to our future relationship with our planet. While the concept of One Health describes how human health is inextricably linked with environmental health, many of these complex interdependencies are still not well‐understood. Here, we describe how the advent of real‐time genomic analyses can benefit One Health and how it can enable timely, in‐depth ecosystem health assessments. We introduce nanopore sequencing as the only disruptive technology that currently allows for real‐time genomic analyses and that is already being used worldwide to improve the accessibility and versatility of genomic sequencing. We showcase real‐time genomic studies on zoonotic disease, food security, environmental microbiome, emerging pathogens, and their antimicrobial resistances, and on environmental health itself – from genomic resource creation for wildlife conservation to the monitoring of biodiversity, invasive species, and wildlife trafficking. We stress why equitable access to real‐time genomics in the context of One Health will be paramount and discuss related practical, legal, and ethical limitations.
Fuel properties and suitability of Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus macarthurii for torrefied wood and pellets
Authors: Pirraglia Adrian , Gonzalez Ronalds , Saloni Daniel , Wright Jeff , Denig Joseph
Published: June 2023

Torrefaction is the process of heating a material in the absence of oxygen, a pretreatment that represents a promising option for biofuels. Two eucalyptus species harvested in South Carolina, E. benthamii and E. macarthurii, were processed in a torrefier, and wood pellets were manufactured. Eucalyptus represents a promising biomass source in southern U.S. due to fast growth rates and the availability of cold-tolerant plantations. Analyses of moisture content, proximate and elemental composition, and net heating value of “light roasted” wood were assessed. The heating value of the eucalypts and pellets was enhanced by 19% (average), compared to the original material, while the moisture and volatiles content were drastically reduced. This reduction leads to an increase in the amount (w/w) of carbon, enhancing the energy content in the material. Thus, torrefaction is useful for improving the heating value of woody biomass, consuming little external energy due to recirculation and burning of gases for the process. The pellets showed increased energy density, providing improved properties for transportation and handling.
Electricity-free production of activated carbon from biomass in Borneo to improve water quality
Authors: Ogawa Masato , Bardant Teuku B. , Sasaki Yasutaka , Tamai Yutaka , Tokura Seiichi , Uraki Yasumits
Published: June 2023

Activated carbons (ACs) were prepared from biomass of Borneo island (wood charcoal, peat, and coconut husk) by using an electricity–free furnace, of which the energy source was exclusively wood charcoal. This furnace was comprised of two parts, an inner vessel equipped with water inlet for steam activation and an outer shell as a heating part for the inner vessel. The inside temperature of the inner vessel was able to reach over 1000 oC. Peat and wood charcoal were converted to AC by carbonization followed by steam activation, and the specific BET surface areas of resultant ACs were 889 m2/g and 749 m2/g, respectively. A mobile apparatus for water purification was newly designed and fabricated with the resultant AC, together with a white quartz sand, which is called keranggas in Kalimantan. The CODOH of both polluted creek water by the University of Palangka Raya and Kahayan River water were remarkably decreased by the purification with the designed apparatus from 20.0 mgO/L to 0.93 mgO/L, and 18.2 mgO/L to 0.74 mgO/L, respectively. Thus, the newly designed furnace and purification apparatus were shown to be highly effective tools to produce a promising agent for water purification and to produce clarified water without use of electricity, respectively.
Establishing a kiln drying schedule for poplar (Populus alba L.) lumber of 7 cm thickness
Authors: Shahverdi Mahdi , Dashti Hadi , Hossein Mohammad Ali
Published: June 2023

Poplar (Populus alba L.) lumber with a nominal thickness of 7 cm from the Taleghan region in Iran was dried through convective kiln drying and under three different programs of T5–D2 (Forest Product Laboratory proposed program for poplar), T5–D4, and T5–D6 in order to obtain the optimum kiln schedule so as to protect the wood quality at an appropriate level up to final moisture content of 12±2%. Subsequently, the intensities of warps, superficial and internal cracks occurrence, residual stresses, drying rate, and final moisture gradient were measured. Results revealed that due to low warping values, more homogeneous final moisture profile, fewer internal cracks, and absence of superficial cracks in the program T5–D2 compared to the other two (T5–D4 and T5–D6), this program can be recommended as an optimum program for poplar lumber drying at commercial scale from the Taleghan region. On the other hand and from an energy efficiency point of view, in comparison with the mild schedule (T5-D2), the severe schedule (T5-D6) by saving 456 h of drying time, reduced electricity consumption by 6156 KWh and was therefore found to be $ 240.08 more profitable in this trial.
Adsorption of L-lysine from aqueous solution by spherical lignin beads: Kinetics and equilibrium studies
Authors: Chen Guo-Fen , Liu Ming-Hua
Published: June 2023

The potential of spherical lignin beads as an adsorbent to take up L-lysine from aqueous solution was investigated. The kinetic data were estimated by the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The mechanism of adsorption was also studied using the Boyd model and Webber’s intraparticle diffusion model. The equilibrium data were modeled by the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms as well. Results suggested that the adsorption kinetics can be best described by the pseudo-first-order model. The equilibrium data could be well fitted using the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 67.11 mg·g-1. The adsorption characteristics of the spherical lignin adsorbent proved the feasibility of its use as an alternative adsorbent for the removal of L-lysine from aqueous solution.
High solid and low enzyme loading based saccharification of agricultural biomass
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Yun-Yun , Xu Jing-Liang , Yuan Zhen-Hong , Qi Wei , Zhuang Xin-Shu , He Min-Chao
Published: June 2023

Two agricultural biomass materials, namely wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse, were pretreated with NaOH and then used as substrates for enzymatic saccharification. After the pretreatment, the increase in glucan content and the decrease in lignin content were more than 65%, while less than 20% increase occurred in xylan content. The enzymatic saccharification was initiated with solid loading 9% (w/v), and then 8%, 7% and 6% (w/v) solid was fed at 8, 24, and 48 h, respectively. The final enzyme solid loading was 9.60 FPU/g solid and 30% (w/v), respectively. At 144 h, the produced glucose, xylose, and reducing sugar concentrations for wheat straw were 81.88, 20.30, and 115.25 g/L, respectively, and for sugarcane bagasse they were 125.97, 8.66, and 169.50 g/L, respectively. The final conversions of wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse were 34.57% and 50.85%, respectively. SEM images showed that the surface structure of the two materials changed a lot via alkali-pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. In summary, a high concentration sugar is produced from the two agricultural biomass materials by high solid and low enzyme loading. Compared to wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse is more suitable for use in sugar production.
Effect of papermaking conditions on the retention of reversible thermochromic microcapsule in paper
Authors: Dong Cuihua , Liu Yu , Long Zhu , Pang Zhiqiang , Luo Yunhui , Li Xiaozhou
Published: June 2023

Reversible thermochromic paper able to resist counterfeiting was prepared by adding reversible thermochromic microcapsules (RTM) to a slurry of cellulosic fibers, a process that is difficult to imitate. However, the loss of RTM is one of the biggest problems that inhibits industrial use of this approach. So, the retention of RTM in pulp was investigated. The RTM was synthesized by in-situ polymerization, and its properties were characterized. It exhibited strong color contrast between cool and heated conditions, and such behavior could be used to achieve distinctive anticounterfeiting characteristics in the paper. The surface of each microcapsule was smooth, and there was no coherence between particles. The diameters of the microcapsules were mainly in the range 3.0 μm to 5.0 μm. Retention of RTM was closely related to beating degree and pulp composition; the higher the beating degree and hardwood pulp content, the higher the retention of RTM. On the other hand, the retention of RTM was influenced by filler and retention aid. Retention aid promoted retention of RTM to some degree; however, filler was not conductive to retention of RTM. Different addition sequences between RTM and filler or retention aid also influenced the retention of RTM.
Justification of consumer market segmentation as a mandatory tool of strategic marketing
Authors: Rozhko Viktor
Published: June 2023

The object of research is the theoretical aspects of consumer market segmentation and its role in strategic marketing. Ukrainian enterprises try to use and carry out various measures to increase the competitiveness of products, actively using methods of internal planning and management based on the principles of strategic marketing. One of the tools for developing a marketing plan in strategic marketing is segmentation.
However, the content of strategic marketing is debatable; there is no unambiguous comprehensive approach, according to which consumer market segmentation is carried out. Thus, the development of methodological principles of segmentation of the consumer market, as a mandatory tool of strategic marketing, is an objective and urgent necessity. This determines the topic of this study.
The work highlights the features of segmentation of the consumer market. It is emphasized that in modern conditions the segmentation of the consumer market is a mandatory tool of strategic marketing. The principles that must be used in order to segment the consumer market are proposed. Researched that segmentation of the consumer market should be carried out according to the following characteristics: geographical, industry, functional purpose of products, importance of consumers, forms of ownership. Stages of segmentation of the enterprise's consumer market have been developed. A number of measures in strategic marketing are proposed, which will allow a comprehensive approach to the development of the company's marketing plan, namely: development of a drink different from those presented on the market; development of an effective advertising campaign, which will be directed to a certain group of consumers; it is recommended to pay special attention to the development of the product name.
Experience and prospects of innovative main roadways construction and maintenance technologies of new coal units of PJSC «Mine Management «Pokrovske»
Authors: Levit Viktor , Kamenets Viacheslav , Chebotenko Denis
Published: June 2023

The object of research is the proven and promising innovative technologies for the construction and maintenance of main roadways in difficult mining and geological terms of the Private Joint Stock Company (PJSC) Pokrovske Mine Management of Metinvest-Pokrovskvugillia Group (Ukraine).
The problem focused by the research is to ensure the effective innovative and modernized known technologies application of the main roadways construction and maintenance in new coal units. Namely, the roadways and chambers of the shaft yards, long horizontal and inclined main roadways to improve their operational state and technical and economic indicators of mining engineering and extracting operations.
Based on the accumulated production experience, the results of the roadways state survey under construction and in operation, analysis of documentation and scientific and technical developments of world scientific institutions, recommendations for the investment projects implementation in terms of construction and mining technologies optimizing had formulated. The recommendations include the introduction of combined support systems adapted to mine management conditions, tunneling equipment of a new technical level of the world's best producers, methods of roadways maintaining by location in offloaded areas, and modern means of Geomechanic situation monitoring. The expected economic benefit of reducing the cost of roadways maintaining may be 20–25 %.
The results are summaries of cooperation with the engineering and technical staff of Mine Management Pokrovske and Metinvest Holding.
The results can be used in practice now, and more broadly after the victory and the start of economic recovery, including in Ukraine's mining sector.
Relevance of Social Reconstruction Curriculum in the 2013 Curriculum on Arabic Learning/ ملائمة المنهج إعادة الإعمار الاجتماعي في المناهج الدراسي 2013 في تعليم اللغة العربية
Authors: Muhimmatul Choiroh  , Muhammad Nashrullah
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The educational curriculum will not be separated from the basic principles or foundations. In this case, the study that will be raised is within the scope of the relevance of the social reconstruction curriculum with the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in the 2013 curriculum on Arabic language learning. This research uses a type of evaluative method with a qualitative approach. The goal is to find out the relevance of the curriculum to the public model in Arabic language teaching. As for the results of the research, the relevance of the social reconstruction curriculum by using problem-based learning models can be said to be relevant, because it is in accordance with the plan of implementation of Arabic language learning with evidence that the steps in the RPP are in accordance with the stages of PBL learning.
The Problems of Improving the Santri’s Potential Creativity Through Arabic Literacy Skills
Authors: Efendi Badrut Tamam , Taufiq Mirwan Akhmad
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, pesantren are institutions of Islamic religious knowledge, however, students do not only learn the Qu’ran and the yellow book but they are also taught general knowledge, especially literacy. Limitations of media and internet access affect the intensity of the students writing skills so that the students' writing creativity becomes a contradiction in developing the productivity of the writing tradition in the pesantren. This research is a qualitative study using a phenomenological approach, which describes the problems and potentials of writing PP Darul Ulum Banyuanyar. Data collection was held by observation and interviews. The research findings show that the problem of students is using electronic media and internet access. However, the way students overcome limitations is by writing in diary books, Islamic boarding school mading, bulletin and magazines. The thing that supports writing creativity is the existence of a role model from the tutor and becomes a liaison for publishing works in the media.
The Acquisition of Arabic Definite and Indefinite Articles as a Second Language among Arabic Learners at King Saud University
Authors: Mashury Ahmad Nahidl Mashury , Mochammad Indra Yumanto
Published: June 2023

This research aimed to know the learner's growth of linguistic levels to identify the acquisition of Arabic definite and indefinite articles, to identify common mistakes among learners of Arabic as a second language at the Institute of Arabic Linguistics at King Saud University in Riyadh, and to know the difficulties experienced by the learners, and to provide appropriate solutions to address these difficulties. Moreover, the research methodology is the quantitative research method. It was done by designing the test as a special study tool for the selected students, then conducting the test and analyzing it, and using statistical methods to analyze the data. The research findings are; There is a steady growth of intermediate and advanced students in acquiring definition and disguise, and several common mistakes made by learners in Ma'rifat (definite article) and Nakiroh (indefinite article): the mismatch between the adjective and the described in their Ma'rifat and Nakiroh, deleting the definite article (al) from the genitive, and adding the definite article (al) in the noun added.
 
استهدف هذا البحث إلى معرفة النمو الملحوظ للمستويات اللغوية في اكتساب التعريف والتنكير، والتعرف على الأخطاء الشائعة لدى متعلمي العربية كلغة ثانية في معهد اللغويات العربية بجامعة الملك سعود الرياض، ومعرفة الصعوبات التي يعاني منها المتعلمون، وتقديم الحلول المناسبة لمعالجة هذه الصعوبات. ومنهجية البحث التي اعتمد عليها الباحثان هي منهج البحث الكمي حيث تم ذلك بتصميم الاختبار كأداة الدراسة الخاصة للطلاب المختارين ثم إجراء الاختبار وتحليله واستخدام الأساليب الإحصائية لتحليل البيانات. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى النتائج التالية وهي: أن هناك النمو المطرد لطلاب المستوى المتوسط والمتقدم في اكتساب التعريف والتنكير. واكتشاف عدد من الأخطاء الشائعة لدى المتعلمين في التعبير عن التعريف والتنكير؛ عدم التطابق بين الصفة والموصوف في تعريفهما أو تنكيرهما، وحذف أداة التعريف (أل) من المضاف إليه، وإضافة أداة التعريف (أل) في الاسم المضاف.
The E-Book of Modern Standard Arabic for Arabic Teaching Based on Rushdi Ahmed Tuaima's Theory
Authors: Thaifur Ahmad Nuruddin , Ahmad Nur
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the value of modern standard Arabic (MSA); an electronic book was written by Eckehard Schulz, as evidenced by Rusydi’s work in preparing educational materials for Arabic language education programs. Among the book's values ​​are excellent books based on the composition of the material, following the evidence of Rushdi's work in preparing educational materials for Arabic language education programs. This value consists of general data, outputs, basics of book preparation, book language, language skills, cultural teaching, and exercises. The researcher conducted a descriptive literature study, and the results of this study were to find out the advantages provided by the MSA. The problems discussed in this study are: How to analyze and evaluate the electronic book MSA. What is the value of the e-book MSA as evidenced by Tuaima's work in preparing educational materials for Arabic language education programs? To answer these problems, researchers used research tools: observation and interviews.
 
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة قيمة الكتاب الإلكتروني "العربية المعاصرة" بدليل عمل رشدي أحمد طعيمة في إعداد المواد التعليمية لبرامج تعليم العربية. ومن قيمة الكتاب هي كتاب ممتاز يستند في إعداد مواده مطابقا بدليل عمل رشدي أحمد طعيمة في إعداد المواد التعليمية لبرامج تعليم العربية. وهذه القيمة تتكون من البيانات العامة والإخراج وأساسيات إعداد الكتاب ولغة الكتاب والمهارات اللغوية وتدريس الثقافة والتدريبات. وقام الباحث بإجراء الدراسة المكتبة الوصفية، وتمثل نتائج هذه الدراسة في معرفة المزايا التي يوفرها كتاب "العربية المعاصرة". أما المشاكل التي تم بحثها في هذا البحث فهي: 1) كيف تحليل وتقويم كتاب إلكتروني "العربية المعاصرة"؟ 2) كيف قيمة كتاب إلكتروني "العربية المعاصرة" بدليل عمل رشدي أحمد طعيمة في إعداد المواد التعليمية لبرامج تعليم العربية؟ للإجابة على هذه المشكلات، استعان الباحث بأدوات البحث: الملاحظة والمقابلة.
The Acquisition of Arabic Grammar as a Second Language among Arabic Learners at King Saud University
Authors: Azzam Abdullah Fahri Azzam
Published: June 2023

This study dealt with the acquisition of Arabic grammar by several learners of Arabic as a second language at the Institute of Arabic Linguistics at King Saud University in Riyadh, where the students faced some difficulties in applying Arabic grammar. This study focused on five topics of Arabic grammar, including definitive and In-definitive words, Singular, Duality and Plural. By conducting a measurement test on 24 students at the Institute of Arabic Linguistics from 3 different levels, from which the researcher aims to know their cognitive growth in that grammar and know the factors affecting these grammatical chapters and suggest some appropriate solutions related to these grammatical chapters. After conducting a test and correcting the students' answers, it was found that distance learning did not hurt the acquisition of these grammatical chapters. It was also found that the presence of the dual form in the student's mother language does not necessarily mean the acquisition of these grammatical chapters faster. It was also found that the students' linguistic adequacy in these grammatical chapters is gradually growing.
 
تناولت هذه الدراسة على اكتساب قواعد اللغة العربية لدى متعلمي اللغة العربية لغة ثانية في معهد اللغويات العربية بجامعة الملك سعود بمدينة الرياض، حيث واجه الطلاب بعض صعوبات في تطبيق قواعد اللغة العربية. وقد ركز هذه الدراسة على خمسة موضوعات من قواعد اللغة العربية من التعريف والتنكير، والإفراد، والتثنية والجمع. وذلك بإجراء اختبار قياس على 24 طالبا من طلاب معهد اللغويات العربية من 3 مستويات مختلفة ليستهدف منه الباحث معرفة النمو المعرفي عندهم في تلك الأبواب النحوية، ومعرفة العوامل المؤثرة في اكتسابها، واقتراح بعض الحلول المناسبة حتى تساعد الطلاب في اكتسابها. وتبين بعد إجراء اختبار، وتصحيح إجابات الطلاب بأن تعليم عن بعد لم يؤثر تأثيرا سلبيا كليا في اكتساب هذه الأبواب النحوية، وتبين أيضا بأن وجود صيغة المثنى في لغة الطالب الأم لا يعني بالضرورة اكتساب هذه الأبواب النحوية بشكل أسرع.  وتبين أيضا بأن كفاية الطلاب اللغوية في هذه الأبواب النحوية ينمو نموا تدريجيا.