bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS AND WILLINGNESS TO COMMUNICATE
Authors: Šafranj Jelisaveta , Katić Marina
Published: September 2019

The relationship between personality traits and willingness to communicate (WTC) in English language teaching (ELT) was investigated in this study. The examinees included 303 university students at Faculty of Technical Sciences in Novi Sad. Data were gathered using the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP; Goldberg, 2001) and Willingness to Communicate (WTC) Scale (McCroskey, 1992). When talking to strangers 33.7% of the examinees obtained low scores on WTC, 49.5% had medium levels of WTC and 16.8% had high WTC. When talking to acquaintances 36.3% of the examinees reported low levels of WTC, 46.9% reported moderate levels and 16.8% reported high levels of WTC. Similar results were reported when talking to friends. In addition, coefficients revealed significant positive correlations between WTC in EFL and all Big Five dimensions. Interpretation of the coefficients suggest that there was a small correlation between WTC in EFL and Conscientiousness, Emotional stability and Agreeableness. Moderate to high correlations were between WTC in EFL and Extraversion and Intellect. It was concluded that the interaction of the Big Five Personality Traits may significantly contribute to the promotion and production of WTC in learning English as a second language.
Especialização inteligente e a descoberta empreendedora em Pernambuco
Authors: Pinto Hugo , D'Emery Raphael , Nogueira Carla , Laranja Manuel
Published: September 2019

As estratégias de especialização inteligente (RIS3) têm-se assumido como um novo paradigma de políticas regionais de inovação na União Europeia. Suas características diferenciadoras operam numa dupla dialética entre um processo planeado top-down e na participação profunda bottom-up dos atores para definir prioridades de investimento por meio de processos de descoberta empreendedora. Este artigo parte da experiência recente de adaptação dos princípios RIS3 ao Brasil, no estado de Pernambuco. São analisados dois setores – confecções e atividades no cruzamento das tecnologias de informação com o setor automotivo  (automotivo-TI) – para testar a metodologia RIS3, identificar necessidades e utilização de serviços de inovação e gerar potenciais “atividades transformadoras” para o desenvolvimento dos referidos setores. O artigo mobiliza informação de um questionário e de sessões participativas, para evidenciar semelhanças e diferenças entre ambos os setores e identificar pistas para ideias-parcerias para a promoção da dinâmica inovadora neste estado brasileiro.
Épocas de semeadura de girassol ‘safrinha’, em sucessão a girassol no cerrado tocantinense
Authors: Capone Aristóteles , Barros Hélio Bandeira , Dos Santos Elonha Rodrigues , Ferraz Emerson Castro , Dos Santos Adão Felipe , Fidelis Rodrigo Ribeiro
Published: September 2019

O girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) é considerado uma cultura de grande plasticidade, apresenta características importantes como tolerância a diversos fatores abióticos, à seca e a temperaturas extremas. Nesse contexto a cultura pode ser mais uma opção as safrinhas, que com semeadura direta otimiza o uso da terra, máquinas, mão-de-obra, e criação de empregos na região produtora. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar cultivares de girassol (Hélio 250 - H250, Hélio 251 - H251, Hélio 358 - H358, Hélio 360 - H360 e Hélio 884 - H884) em quatro épocas de semeadura (EP1 -15/03/2009; EP2 - 28/03/2009; EP3 - 09/04/2009 e EP4 - 01/05/2009) direta sobre palhada de girassol, safrinha 2009, em Gurupi, Sul do Estado do Tocantins. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 4x5 (época de semeadura x cultivares), com três repetições. Verificou-se interação significativa entre épocas de semeadura e cultivares para todas as características avaliadas. Houve redução em todas as variáveis avaliadas com retardamento da semeadura. Maiores produtividades de aquênios foram obtidas quando o girassol foi cultivado na segunda época de semeadura. A cultivar H884 teve o melhor desempenho para a maioria das variáveis analisadas nas diferentes épocas de semeadura.
Caracterização molecular de plantéis de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus L.) em Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Halfen Gustavo Emygdio , Nicoletti Maycon Eduardo , Appel Henrique , Tcacenco Fernando Adami
Published: September 2019

Com o aumento da demanda de produção de alimentos na atualidade, a aquicultura tem um papel promissor na contribuição da oferta de alimentos. Merece destaque o cultivo de tilápias, cuja produção mundial ultrapassou dois milhões de toneladas, sendo o segundo maior grupo de peixes produzidos pela aquicultura, ficando apenas atrás das carpas. A espécie mais cultivada é a tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758), devido principalmente à alta prolificidade, crescimento rápido e boa aceitação do consumidor, características buscadas com o melhoramento genético. O melhoramento genético de peixes cultivados tem tido como uma de suas bases os progressos obtidos na área da genética molecular. O conjunto de métodos desenvolvidos nessa ciência nas últimas décadas possibilitou, com sua incorporação na aqüicultura, ganhos consideráveis, particularmente quando aplicados no melhoramento genético assistido por marcadores moleculares. A diversidade genética em populações de tilápias pode ser determinada através de marcadores moleculares como do tipo RAPD. O presente trabalho visou ao levantamento da variabilidade genética existente entre as quatro populações de tilápia do Nilo que formam o Núcleo Satélite de Tilápia do Nilo do Estado de Santa Catarina, parte da UMGEP - Unidade de Melhoramento Genético de Peixes da Epagri/Itajaí, e à busca de marcadores moleculares de identificação das diferentes linhagens da espécie, para aplicação no melhoramento genético assistido por marcadores. Para tanto, foram conduzidos experimentos de otimização do protocolo de extração de DNA (Bardakci e Skibinski, 1994), obtendo assim DNA de boa qualidade. Em seguida foram selecionados 20 indivíduos de cada uma das linhagens (Bouaké, Chitralada, GST e GIFT), e foram testados oito iniciadores de RAPD. Posteriormente os fragmentos amplificados foram submetidos à análise pelos programas NTSys e Popgen. Em análise intrapopulacional, a linhagem GIFT foi a mais polimórfica em relação às outras, obtendo maior numero de lócus polimórficos (37%) e o maior índice de Shannon (0,17). Todos os iniciadores apresentaram bandas exclusivas podendo ser usadas como marcadores moleculares na diferenciação das linhagens, com exceção do iniciador OPA-12 para a população Chitralada. O dendrograma obtido com o agrupamento UPGMA apresentou separação clara das linhagens, agrupando-as conforme os índices genéticos, onde as linhagens GIFT e Chitralada tiveram a maior identidade genética (0,88) e as linhagens GIFT e GST tiveram as maiores distâncias genéticas (0,23).
Fauna do solo em sistemas de manejo com café
Authors: Silva Joedna , Jucksch Ivo , Feres Chrystian Iezid Maia e Almeida , Tavares Rodrigo de Castro
Published: September 2019

Com esta pesquisa, objetivou-se avaliar a abundância e a equidade da macro e mesofauna da frente isolada para o tipo de manejo agrícola em áreas de plantio de café sob três tipos de manuseio: sistema convencional-CONV, agroecológico-AGRO, agroflorestal. SAF avaliado em dois períodos de coleta. Para a avaliação do macro e do solo hipogaeico mesofaunal foram coletados blocos de solo de 20 x 20x 10 cm, sendo coletados, primeiramente, todo o resíduo vegetal na superfície do solo. O solo e o lixo foram colocados nos funis berleses por sete dias, e as armadilhas permaneceram no campo por 72 horas. Medido quanto à abundância, riqueza, diversidade de animais no solo e grupos funcionais. Finalmente, conclui-se que os tempos de coleta influenciam a abundância de vida silvestre e a diversidade de grupos; os grupos coletados da fauna coletada estão presentes em todos os sistemas de manejo com café, com exceção do grupo parasitóide; nas armadilhas armadilhas, os grupos de riqueza total são maiores em relação aos compartimentos do solo, a família Formicidae e os micrófagos são dominantes nos agroecossistemas avaliados.
Influência do sombreamento na qualidade de mudas de Sclerolobium paniculatum Vogel para recuperação de área degradada
Authors: De Freitas Gilson Araújo , De Melo Aurélio Vaz , Pereira Mireia Aparecida Bezerra , De Andrade Carlos Augusto Oliveira , Lucena Guilherme Nunes , Da Silva Rubens Ribeiro
Published: September 2019

O conhecimento do comportamento das espécies florestais em áreas com diferentes intensidades de luz permite a definição e recomendação das espécies no processo de recuperação. Assim, objetivou-se verificar a influência do sombreamento na qualidade das mudas de Sclerolobiumpaniculatum Vogel em projetos de restauração de áreas degradadas. O experimento foi conduzido como delineamento em blocos casualizados, com 15 repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em três níveis de brilho (T1: 0%, pleno sol, T2: 50%, Sombrite com retenção de 50% da luz e T3: Shadow Natural). As plantas cultivadas em um ambiente com 50% de luz solar apresentaram uma taxa de crescimento em altura (β2: 0,0266) 40% maior que as plantas em pleno sol (β2: 0,0161), principalmente na avaliação de 103 dias. Sob sombreamento natural, a taxa de desenvolvimento mais baixa foi registrada ao longo do período avaliado, representando apenas 5,43% (β2: 0,0193) da taxa de desenvolvimento de plantas sob luz solar total (β2: 0,3557). O aumento da intensidade da luz favorece o maior desenvolvimento de Sclerolobiumpaniculatim Vog. Com isso, pode ser indicado para uso em projetos voltados à recuperação de áreas degradadas no pioneiro da sucessão inicial e no secundário secundário.
Eficiência e resposta à aplicação de nitrogênio de genótipos de feijão comum cultivados em várzea tropical do Estado do Tocantins
Authors: De Sousa Ségio Alves , Silva Joedna , Ramos Danilo Pereira , De Oliveira Taynar Coelho , Gonzaga Luis Antônio de Menezes , Fidelis Rodrigo Ribeiro
Published: September 2019

O feijão comum é uma cultura com grande interesse socioeconômico em muitos países, sendo uma cultura com alta demanda de nutrientes, principalmente nitrogênio, que é consumido em grandes quantidades. Assim, é necessária a adoção de cultivares eficientes e responsivas ao uso de nitrogênio. Assim, este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência do uso de nitrogênio e a resposta de genótipos de feijoeiro cultivados em solo irrigado de várzea do Estado do Tocantins. O estudo foi realizado em dois ensaios (alto e baixo nível de nitrogênio), em delineamento de blocos completamente casualizados, sendo avaliados 25 genótipos em três repetições. Para simular ambientes com baixo e alto nível de N, foram utilizadas doses de 0 e 120 kg ha-1 de N, respectivamente. Os genótipos foram classificados quanto à eficiência no uso de nitrogênio, apesar do rendimento de grãos. Há diferença quanto à eficiência no uso de nitrogênio e resposta à aplicação de nitrogênio entre os genótipos avaliados.
Chumbo: Uma introdução à extração e a fitorremediação
Authors: Holzbach Juliana Cristina , Barros Edna Isabela Teobaldo Marques , Krauser Maike de Oliveira , Leal Paulo Vitor Brandão
Published: September 2019

O chumbo é um metal comumente usado na indústria moderna, devido às suas propriedades físico-químicas úteis, por exemplo, para aplicação em equipamentos eletrônicos. No entanto, a principal preocupação no uso do metal atual refere-se à queda irregular, uma vez que 40% no peso do equipamento corresponde ao chumbo. O chumbo, sendo um metal pesado, encaixa-se entre os elementos mais tóxicos para o meio ambiente e, principalmente, para os seres humanos. A contaminação por chumbo é uma preocupação e atualmente os pesquisadores estão desenvolvendo métodos de Fitorremediação para a descontaminação dessas áreas poluídas. A fitoextração é a técnica mais recomendada para extração de metais pesados. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um levantamento dos principais usos e impactos do chumbo nos seres vivos, além de estudar a aplicação do método de Fitorremediação em áreas contaminadas por este metal.
ÜRÜN ADAPTASYONU İLE İHRACAT PERFORMANSI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: MOBİLYA, HAZIR GİYİM VE DERİ SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÖZ Fuat , ÖZMEN Alparslan
Published: September 2019

Ürünün adaptasyonu firmaların hedef pazarlarındaki yerel tüketicilerin ihtiyaçlarını, tercihlerini ve değerlerini karşılamak amacıyla geliştirdikleri tutarlı ve planlı faaliyetler bütünü olarak tanımlanabilir. İhracat performansı firmaların uluslararası pazarlamadaki faaliyetleriyle ile ilgili karar verme aşamasında bir basamak olarak görülmektedir. Aynı zamanda ihracat performansı firmaların ihracat faaliyetlerindeki başarısını ölçen bir faktör olarak da kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ürün adaptasyonu ile firmaların ihracat performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmektir.

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye genelinde mobilya, hazır giyim ve deri sektörü üzerinde faaliyet gösteren firmaların ürün adaptasyonu ile ihracat performansı arasındaki ilişki değerleri ölçülerek, bu iki faktör arasındaki ilişkiyi gösteren bir model oluşturulmuştur. Bu model PASWStatistics20 programı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde Ki-kare testi ve regresyon analizi kullanılmış, aynı zamanda tanımlayıcı soruların analizi de yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; ürün adaptasyonu ile ihracat performansı arasında anlamlı ve pozitif ilişki bulunmuştur. Ürün adaptasyonuna gidildiğinde ihracat performansı arttığı görülmektedir.
Undirected Graphs: Is the Shift-Enabled Condition Trivial or Necessary?
Authors: Chen Liyan , Cheng Samuel , He Kanghang , Stankovic Lina , Stankovic Vladimir
Published: September 2019

It has recently been shown that, contrary to the wide belief that a shift-enabled condition (necessary for any shift-invariant filter to be representable by a graph shift matrix) can be ignored because any non-shift-enabled matrix can be converted to a shift-enabled matrix, such a conversion in general may not hold for a directed graph with non-symmetric shift matrix. This paper extends this prior work, focusing on undirected graphs where the shift matrix is generally symmetric. We show that while, in this case, the shift matrix can be converted to satisfy the original shift-enabled condition, the converted matrix is not associated with the original graph, that is, it does not capture anymore the structure of the graph signal. We show via a counterexample, that a non-shift-enabled matrix cannot be converted to a shift-enabled one and still maintain the topological structure of the underlying graph, which is necessary to facilitate localized signal processing.
A Complex Dance: Measuring the Multidimensional Worlds of Influenza Virus Evolution and Anti-Influenza Immune Responses
Authors: Wang Jiong , Wiltse Alexander , Zand Martin S.
Published: September 2019

The human antibody response to influenza virus infection or vaccination is as complicated as it is essential for protection against flu. The constant antigenic changes of the virus to escape human herd immunity hinder the yearly selection of vaccine strains since it is hard to predict which virus strains will circulate for the coming flu season. A "universal" influenza vaccine that could induce broad cross-influenza subtype protection would help to alleviate this burden. However, the human antibody response is intricate and often obscure, with factors like antigenic seniority or original antigenic sin "OAS", and back-boosting ensuring that each person mounts a unique immune response to infection or vaccination with any new influenza virus strain. Notably, the effects of existing antibodies on cross-protective immunity after repeated vaccinations are unclear. More research is needed to characterize the mechanisms at play, but traditional assays such as hemagglutinin inhibition (HAI) and microneutralization (MN) are excessively limited in scope and too resource-intensive to effectively meet this challenge. In the past ten years, new multiple dimensional assays (MDAs) have been developed to help overcome these problems by simultaneously measuring antibodies against a large panel of influenza hemagglutinin (HA) proteins with a minimal amount of sample in a high throughput way. MDAs will likely be a powerful tool for accelerating the study of the humoral immune response to influenza vaccination and the development of a universal influenza vaccine.
DC Self-Field Critical Current in Superconductor/Dirac-Cone Material/Superconductor Junctions and The Request for Ballistic Model Reexamination
Authors: Talantsev Evgueni F.
Published: September 2019

Recently, several research groups have reported on anomalous enhancement of the self-field critical currents, Ic(sf,T), at low temperatures in superconductor/Dirac-cone material/superconductor (S/DCM/S) junctions. Some papers attributed the enhancement to the low-energy Andreev bound states arising from winding of the electronic wave function around DCM. In this paper, Ic(sf,T) in S/DCM/S junctions have been analyzed by two approaches: modified Ambegaokar-Baratoff and ballistic Titov-Beenakker models. It is shown that the ballistic model is an inadequate tool to analyze experimental data from S/DCM/S junctions. The primary mechanism for limiting superconducting current in S/DCM/S junctions is different from the conventional view that the latter is the maximum value within the order parameter phase variation. Thus, there is a need to develop a new model for self-field critical currents in S/DCM/S systems.
DIETS FOR GROW-OUT OF PIRARUCU IN NET CAGE: PERFORMANCE, PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, FILLET COMPOSITION AND FEEDING COST
Authors: Medeiros Paulo Adelino de , Costa Edimar Lopes da , Brasil Elenice Martins , Ono Eduardo Akifumi , Affonso Elizabeth Gusmão
Published: September 2019

The present study evaluated practical diets with increasing levels of protein and energy on performance, fillet composition, feed cost, and physiological responses of pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) juveniles during the grow-out phase in a net cage system. In an on-farm trial for 90 days 225 pirarucu juveniles with initial weight Â± standard deviation of 2025 Â± 335 g were fed to apparent satiety with extruded diets containing 37.4 (T-37), 40.8 (T-40), 43.9 (T-43), 45.5 (T-46), and 47.1% (T-49) crude protein (CP), increasing lipid levels, and energy:protein ratio fixed in 10 kcal g-1. Protein and lipid concentrations in the diets influenced the cost, fillet composition, and important physiological aspects of the health maintenance and productive performance of the pirarucu juveniles. Fish fed the T-37 diet had lower concentrations of fat in body cavity, fillet and blood, and had a lower cost associated with feeding. The increase in protein and energy levels in the other diets tested reduced the economic return, did not improve the zootechnical performance and caused physiological changes in the fish.
KAJIAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI CMC (CARBOXYL METHYL CELLULOSE) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK SENSORIS, FISIK DAN KIMIA SELAI UMBI BIT (Beta vulgaris L.) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum sp.)
Authors: Wardani Ridya , Kawiji Kawiji , Siswanti Siswanti
Published: September 2019

This research aims to determine the effect of CMC (Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose) concentration on the sensory, physical and chemical properties of beetroot jam (Beta vulgaris L.) cinnamon extract. This research used Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 1 factor and 4 treatment variation. The results showed that the variation of CMC concentration given on beetroot jam has an effect on the sensory characteristics of color parameters, total dissolved solids, viscosity, water content, water activity and antioxidant activity. The preferred formulation of the panelis is beetroot jam with 1% and 1.5% CMC concentration. The total value of total soluble solids on the beetroot jam with the addition of 1% CMC of 42.54oBrix and CMC 1.5% of 50.73oBrix. The value  viscosity addition of CMC concentration 1% and 1.5% respectively amounted 9774,68 cP and 9858,1 cP. The value of water content with 1% addition of CMC is 46,81% and addition of CMC 1,5% is 51,57%. The activity of water on the beetroot jam with the addition of 1% CMC concentration is 0.88 and CMC 1.5% is 0.92. In testing of antioxidant activity of beetroot jam with addition of CMC1% and CMC 1,5% respectively 52,48% and 55,45%.
THE DISCOURSE OF SEX AND MARRIAGE IN THE NOVEL THE CURSE OF BEAUTY BY INDAH HANACO
Authors: Farokhah Fiqih Aisyatul
Published: September 2019

Sex since the beginning of the day is now no better in civilization. Not only that, human life cannot be avoided by sex and sexuality. Even so, high-quality sex and sexuality itself have different interpretations in every hour of culture. Some say that sex is taboo and not worthy of discussion in the general public, some who view sex as a fundamental part of humans. This can be seen through how the State has intervened in matters of the body, especially sexuality. Likewise with women who work as SPG who have never been separated from sex and sexuality. Their sex lives are always in the spotlight for the public, moreover, they are not like other women who crave life in a marriage institution as their life's purpose in curbing their sexuality. This article attempts to show; What is the meaning of the sexuality discourse depicted in the beautiful novel of The Curse of Beauty by Hanaco? How beautiful is Hanaco interpreting the concept of sexuality through a sexuality discourse built on the novel The Curse of Beauty? And what are the thoughts of the author on the sexuality discourse formed as sexual control through the marriage discourse of women who work as Sales Promotion Girl (SPG) represented in the novel The Curse of Beauty? The research is focused on analyzing the representation of the sexuality of SPG in the novel “The Curse of Beauty”. The design of the research is descriptive qualitative. Data are taken from all descriptive concerning SPG body appearance to understand the narrative meaning of the body. It applies Foucault’s discourse theory.
PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN DI KEPULAUAN KARIMUNJAWA
Authors: Widjanarko Mochammad
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study is to analyze the role of women in preserving the environment in the Karimunjawa Islands. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The data collection used are in-depth interviews and observations. The data analysis research used is coding, by putting the codes on the material obtained. Coding is intended to be able to organize and systemize data in a complete and detailed manner so that data can appear in the description of the topic under study.

From the findings of the study it can be concluded: one of the roles of women in preserving the environment in Karimunajawa Islands is to manage waste, which is done by forming a waste bank and inviting families and other people to manage waste. While informants who have lodging houses also use water wisely and sort waste in the form of organic and non-organic waste. For informants who are teachers, besidesplanting crops that is needed everyday, they are able to invite their students to take care of the environment around the school and clean the beach.

 

Keywords: karimunjawa, environmental conservation, women's role

 

 

Abstrak

Tujuan Penelitian adalah menganalisis peran perempuan dalam melestarikan lingkungan di Kepulauan Karimunjawa. Penelitian ini adaah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam dan pengamatan. Dalam penelitian analisis data yang digunakan adalah koding, dengan membubuhkan kode-kode pada materi yang diperoleh. Koding dimaksudkan untuk dapat mengorganisasi dan mensistemasi data secara lengkap dan mendetail sehingga data-data dapat muncul gambaran tentang topik  yang diteliti. Dari hasil temuan penelitian dapat disimpulkan: salah satu peran perempuan dalam melestarikan lingkungan di Kepulauan Karimunajawa  adalah  mengelola sampah, yang  dilakukan dengan membentuk bank sampah dan mengajak keluarga serta orang lain untuk mengelola sampah. Sedangkan informan yang memiliki rumah penginapan juga menggunakan air secara bijak dan memilah sampah dalam bentuk sampah organik dan nonorganik. Untuk informan yang berprofesi guru selain menanam tanaman yang bisa diperlukan sehari-hari juga mengajak muridnya dalam menjaga lingkungan di sekitar sekolah dan upaya melakukan bersih-bersih pantai.

 

 
Pengembangan Petunjuk Praktikum IPA Fisika-Kimia Berbasis Learning Cycle 5E untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Calon Guru MI/SD
Authors: Adriyani Zuanita , Purwanti Kristi Liani
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan petunjuk praktikum IPA Fisika-Kimia berbasis learning cycle 5E yang valid dan implementasi petunjuk praktikum IPA Fisika-Kimia tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan Proses Sains Calon guru. Prosedur pengembangan dalam penelitian ini mengadopsi berbasis pengembangan Cennamo dan Kalk dengan langkah - langkah (1) fase pendefinisian yang meliputi studi pustaka, observasi awal; (2) fase perencanaan petunjuk praktikum IPA Fisika-Kimia dan instrumen penelitian; (3) fase peragaan atau uji coba skala kecil; (4) fase pengembangan petunjuk praktikum IPA Fisika-Kimia; dan (5)  fase penyajian pada skala luas. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah “one group pretest posttest design”. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Populasi sample yang terpilih adalah mahasiswa Pendidikan Guru Madrasah ibtidaiyah (PGMI) UIN Walisongo Semarang semester IV angkatan 2016/2017. Hasil simpulan bahwa Petunjuk praktikum IPA Fisika-Kimia yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria sangat valid. Petunjuk praktikum IPA Fisika-Kimia yang dikembangkan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains calon guru MI/SD dengan nilai N-gain sebesar 0,51 dengan kategori sedang. Respon mahasiswa terhadap petunjuk praktikum IPA Fisika-Kimia yang dikembangkan adalah sangat baik dengan rerata skor 26,6.
Hubungan antara Nilai Ujian Nasional Fisika dengan Penguasaan Konsep Fisika Dasar pada Mahasiswa Tadris Fisika
Authors: Sofianto Eko Wahyu Nur
Published: September 2019

This study aims to determine the value of the National Physics Exam with Mastery of the Basic Physics Concept for 2017 Physics Academic Year Students. Data is obtained from the list of values of the National Physics Exam while mastering basic Physics concepts from the value of the basic Physics Final Examination. Data analysis uses a key test with a significance value of 0.851. The phenomenon of a strong foundation for measuring higher outcomes with the ability to master the Basic Physics concept.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA EDMODO DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA MATERI TEKANAN PADA ZAT
Authors: Jumaeroh Siti , Zuhaida Anggun
Published: September 2019

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh media Edmodo dengan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif eksperimental semu. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara purposive sampling yaitu kelas VIII-D (kelas eksperimen) dan kelas VIII-E (kelas kontrol) SMP Negeri 1 Salatiga, masing-masing berjumlah 30 siswa dan 28 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Edmodo sangat membantu proses pembelajaran siswa, mudah diakses dimana saja dan kapan saja. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat pada hasil angket yang telah disebarkan pada kedua sampel. Hasil angket menunjukkan bahwa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi ketertarikannya terhadap materi pelajaran dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol. Hasil uji korelasi terdapat hubungan antara media Edmodo dengan hasil belajar siswa bernilai 0,453 yang tingkat hubungannya berarti sedang/cukup.Hasil uji regresi linier sederhana memiliki nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,015 dengan nilai pengaruh antara dua variabel sebesar 20,5%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya pengaruh media Edmodo dengan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning terhadap hasil belajar IPA materi tekanan pada zat siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Salatiga.
Wettability and Flow Rate Effects on Mass Transfer for Simulation of Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: R. Soler Sharon A.
Published: September 2019

Successful implementation of a recovery project in a fractured reservoir requires that the matrix fracture mass transfer is well understood. As a consequence, several processes involved in the mass transfer have been widely studied along time on account of its impact on the fractured porous media. Capillary imbibition is one of these significant phenomena and is considered through wettability in several mass transfer formulations (also called transfer functions) as the main mass driving force between matrix and fracture. This paper presents simulated results of waterflooding tests in a fractured core-plug model, evaluating the influence of wettability and flow rate alteration on the matrix-fracture mass transfer. The methodology applied is divided into three main parts. Initially, a single-porosity core model with an induced longitudinally fracture at laboratory scale is recreated. Secondly, three synthetically wettability scenarios (water-wet, intermediate-wet, and oil-wet) and two flow rates (0.1 and 1 cm³/min) are selected and applied in the core-plug model to perform, as a third step, a sensitivity analysis in terms of oil recovery factor, water cut and water saturation. Results show that the increase of rock preference for water leads to the highest oil recovery factors at low and high-water injection rate, benefiting mainly from the spontaneous imbibition of water. The spontaneous imbibition in these cases is notably critical in the low-rate scenario, due to its larger contact time with water and rock. However, the increment on production may not be economically feasible, because of the long time (high injected pore volumes) needed to get this increase. In contrast, intermediate and oil-wet scenarios exhibit low oil sweep and displacement efficiency at both water injection rates. Accordingly, these scenarios reach water breakthrough quickly and exhibit a less accentuated tendency to water saturation alterations if compared with the water-wet scenario. Results also show a good agreement between the water saturation distributions along the length and the effect of the induced fracture, validating its use.

In a numerical simulation study, this work shows the importance of close interaction between the wettability, flow rate changes, and the parameters that control matrix-fracture mass transfer. At last, the significance of these sensitive parameters is also demonstrated.
Vector analysis of Contoura Vision for the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism
Authors: Lin Ying , Huanjun Su , Jianbin Wu , Xia Zhang , Xi Xu , Muzhi Yuan
Published: September 2019

Objective: To evaluate the visual outcomes of Contoura Vision with automatic eye tracking system in eyes with myopia and myopic astigmatism.

Methods: In this prospective study, 40 consecutive patients (80 eyes) with moderate myopia and irregular astigmatism were included from January to August 2018 at Liuzhou Worker’s Hospital. Subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group (40 eyes) that underwent Contoura Vision FS-LASIK and a control group (40 eyes) that underwent wavefront-optimized FS-LASIK. Target refractions of all subjects were plano. Visual outcomes and astigmatic vector analysis were evaluated and compared between preoperatively and 3 months post-operatively.

Results: The preoperative spherical and cylindrical refractive errors were similar in both groups (P>0.05). At 3 months postoperatively, cumulative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was 20/16, 20/20, or 20/25 in 30 %, 95%, 100 % of patients in the experimental group, respectively. The experimental group was better than the control group in predictability of astigmatism correction at 3 months after operation. In the experimental group, 80% of eyes had deviation of astigmatic axis within 15° and 35% of eyes had deviation of astigmatic axis within 5°, both were better than those in the control group. The number of eyes with residual astigmatism within 0.5D were higher in the experimental group (60%, 24 eyes) than the control group (50%, 20 eyes). Compared with the preoperative, C7 significantly reduced to 0.056±0.030 in the experimental group at 3 months after the procedure (P<0.05), and were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Contoura Vision with automatic eye tracking system was safe and effective for the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism.

Key words: vector analysis; irregular astigmatism; Contoura Vision
Management of Non-Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: Quality of Clinical Practice Guidelines and Variations in Recommendations
Authors: Zhang Jing , Wang Yunyun , Weng Hong , Wang Danqi , Han Fei , Huang Qiao , Deng Tong , Wang xinghuan , Jin Yinghui
Published: September 2019

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) has become a major worldwide public health issue, especially non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). A flood of related clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have emerged; however, the quality and recommendations of the guidelines are controversial. We aimed to appraise the quality of the CPGs for NMIBC within the past 5 years and compare the similarities and differences between recommendations for therapies.
Methods: A systematic search to identify CPGs for NMIBC was performed using electronic databases (including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science), guideline development organizations, and professional societies from January 12, 2014 to January 12, 2019. The Appraisal of Guidelines Research & Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument was used to evaluate the quality of the guidelines. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis was performed to assess the overall agreement among reviewers.
Results: Nine CPGs were included. The overall agreement among reviewers was excellent. The interquartile range (IQR) of scores for each domain were as follows: scope and purpose 69.44% (35.42%, 85.42%); stakeholder involvement 41.67% (30.56%, 75.00%); rigour of development 48.96% (27.08%, 65.63%); clarity and presentation 80.56% (75.00%, 86.11%); applicability 34.38% (22.92%, 40.63%) and editorial independence 70.83% (35.42%, 85.42%). The NICE, AUA, EAU and CRHA/CPAM clinical practice guidelines consistently scored well in most domains.
It was generally accepted that the transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) and intravesical chemotherapy should be performed in the management of bladder cancer. The application of chemotherapy was highly controversial in high risk NMIBC. The courses of BCG maintenance were similar and included 3 years of therapy at full maintenance doses.
Conclusions: The quality of NMIBC guidelines within the past 5 years varied, especially regarding stakeholders, rigour and applicability. Despite many similarities, the recommendations had some inconsistencies in the details.
Use of Student-generated Multiple Choice Questions to Enhance Team-based Learning of Anatomy at the University of Rwanda
Authors: SIBOMANA ISAIE , Karenzi Irenee David , Niyongombwa Irenee , Byiringiro Jean Claude , Gashegu Julien , Ntirenganya Faustin
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Teaching of human anatomy has undergone significant changes in last 3 decades. At the University of Rwanda, anatomy is being taught using team-based learning (TBL). While student generated multiple choice questions (MCQs) stimulate deeper thinking of a given topic, their impact on anatomy learning is not known. This study aimed to improve anatomy teaching and student satisfaction by combining both models. Methods: It was a comparative interventional study where two similar chapters of anatomy were selected and one taught using team based learning while the other one, in addition to TBL, student were encouraged to set MCQs while studying. Pre- and post-test scores were analysed using SPSS 23 and student t-test was used to compare the mean score obtained. Results: 31 medical students were recruited. Pre-test mean scores in both chapters were 25.10 and 25.19 over 50 for chapter 1 and chapter 2 respectively. Although the students’ post-test scores improved after teaching for each chapter, it was much more for chapter 2 than chapter one with mean score of 39.97 and 32.45 over 50 respectively (P<0.05). Despite such improvement, setting MCQs was not easy in almost a half of students. Conclusion: This study has found that student generated MCQs can be used as a simple and cost effective tool to enhance TBL learning of anatomy. Keywords: Anatomy, teaching, MCQs, TBL, University of Rwanda
Impact of a Postcrash First Aid Educational Program on Knowledge, Perceived Skills Confidence, and Skills Utilization Among Traffic Police Officers: A Single-Arm Before-After Intervention Study
Authors: Ndile Menti Lastone , Lukumay Gift G. , Bolenius Karin , Outwater Anne H. , Saveman Britt-Inger , Backteman-Erlanson Susann
Published: September 2019

Background An overwhelming proportion of road traffic deaths and injuries in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) occur in prehospital environments. Lay first responders such as police officers play an important role in providing initial assistance to victims of road traffic injuries either alone or in collaboration with others. The present study evaluated a postcrash first aid (PFA) educational program developed for police officers in Tanzania.Method A 16-hour PFA educational program was conducted in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, for 135 police officers. Participants completed training surveys before, immediately and six months after the training (before, N = 135; immediately after, N = 135; after six months, N = 102). The primary outcome measures were PFA knowledge, perceived skills confidence, and skills utilization. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used to analyse changes in outcome.Results The mean PFA knowledge score increased from 44.73% before training ( SD = 20.70) to 72.92% six months after training ( SD = 18.12), p ˂ .001, N = 102. The mean PFA perceived skills confidence score (measured on a 1–5 Likert scale) increased from 1.96 before training ( SD = 0.74) to 3.78 six months after training ( SD = 0.70), p ˂ .001, N = 102. Following training, application of the recovery position skill ( n = 42, 46%) and application of the bleeding control skill ( n = 45, 49%) were reported by nearly half of the responding officers. Less than a quarter of officers reported applying head and neck immobilization skills ( n = 20, 22%) following training.Conclusion A PFA educational program may be an effective means of imparting basic knowledge and skills for prehospital trauma care to lay first responders in contexts where resources are limited. Furthermore, the likelihood of applying such skills can be enhanced by the availability of the necessary resources.
A pilot study comparing ergonomics in laparoscopy and robotics: beyond anecdotes and subjective claims
Authors: Kuo Li-Jen , Ngu James Chi-Yong , Lin Yen-Kuang , Chen Chia-Che
Published: September 2019

Background: Minimally-invasive surgery has been shown to more demanding on the surgeon than open surgery. This can be manifested as physical fatigue and impaired dexterity, affecting the performance of the surgeon. In this study, we aimed to use hand dexterity and grip strength test as objective measures to compare the difference in surgeon fatigue associated with robotic and laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Methods: A pilot study was conducted between February 2019 and May 2019, recruiting consecutive colorectal patients operated on by a single surgeon using laparoscopy or robotics. We used the Purdue Pegboard Test (PBT) to assess hand dexterity, and the Camry Electronic Handgrip Dynamometer to assess hand grip strength. Before each operative procedure, the surgeon was tasked to perform both tests in a standardized sequence. These tests were repeated two hours into surgery.Results: Eighteen patients were operated on, including 10 robotic and 8 laparoscopic cases. Statistical analysis revealed no difference in dexterity or muscle fatigue after operating with the robot. In contrast, there was a significant difference in the hand grip strength of both hands after laparoscopic surgery (P = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively).Conclusions: Our results show that the resultant fatigue after laparoscopy affects both hands of the surgeon. In contrast, there was no difference in dexterity or muscle fatigue after operating with the robot. Given the demands of complex colorectal surgeries, robotics may be a means of optimizing surgeon performance by reducing fatigue.
Mortality among neonates admitted to Hawassa University comprehensive and specialized hospital, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia.
Authors: Deressa Ababe , Yadate Shewangizaw Mekonnen , Yeba Zemu , Mekonnen Eden , Assefa Samuel
Published: September 2019

Background Neonatal mortality is defined as all deaths occurring before the 28th day of life. Neonatal death less than 7 days in Ethiopia reduced much slower than under 5 mortality recently. The objective of the study was to identify proportion of neonatal mortality and associated factors among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit over the past five years.Methods Cross sectional study design with retrospective chart review was applied. Data entry was handled with EpiData 3.1 and exported to SPSS 22 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were applied to test factors associated with neonatal mortality.Results From the admitted neonates, 34.2% (111) deaths were recorded in the hospital. Neonatal sepsis was the leading diagnosis (36.9%) on admission. Neonates who born to mothers who had previous history of abortion [P=0.003, AOR=4.227, 95%CI: 1.653, 10.810] had almost 4 times more probability of death than those born to mothers whose previous pregnancy outcome was life birth.Conclusions Prevalence of neonatal mortality over the past five years was 34.2%. Previous pregnancy outcome, birth weight and 5th minute APGAR score had significant statistical association with neonatal mortality.
Qualitative exploration of the acceptability of a postnatal pelvic floor muscle training intervention to prevent urinary incontinence
Authors: Grant Aileen , Currie Sinead
Published: September 2019

Background Childbirth is a major risk factor for urinary incontinence (UI). As a result, pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is commonly recommended during and after pregnancy to prevent the onset of UI. PFMT is often classed as a physical activity (PA) behaviour, hence PA guidelines for postnatal women encourage PFMT alongside aerobic activities. However, postnatal lifestyle interventions tend to overlook PFMT which can be detrimental to women’s health and future health risks, including urinary incontinence. This study aimed to explore perceptions and acceptability of a postnatal physical activity and PFMT intervention with postnatal women in Scotland.Methods We recruited women who had given birth within the last five years by displaying posters in health centres and community centres in Stirling and through Facebook. Data was gathered via online and face-to-face focus groups, which were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Analytic themes were initially organised under related concepts derived from the topic guide and thematic analysis conducted. Subsequent analysis was by the Framework technique.Results A total of seven online and face-to-face focus group discussions with 31 women identified there was a clear intention behaviour gap for engagement in PA with both psychological and logistical barriers identified such as motivation and childcare. This was distinct from PFMT where there was a feeling of helplessness around not knowing how to perform a correct PFMT contraction subsequently resulting in women not adhering to PFMT guidance. Women felt there was no accessible PFMT advice available through the NHS. Some participants had received PFMT advice after childbirth and spoke of the Squeezee app being useful in adhering to a PFMT regimen but they did require additional teaching on how to do correct contractions. There was need for clarity and practical support for PFMT in the postnatal period with an approved intervention incorporating an accessible app being suggested by participants.Conclusions Women would like to be trained on postnatal PFMT but face barriers to accessing adequate information and education on how to do a PFMT contraction. An intervention combining PFMT training and an app would be the most useful for their needs and circumstances.
The effectiveness of Bupivacaine as a pre-emptivepudendal block among patients undergoing vaginal surgeries: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Rafique Munazzah , Thompson Jacqueline Y , Al-Jaroudi Dania , Al-Badr Ahmed
Published: September 2019

Background: Pre-emptive analgesia using pudendal nerve block (PNB) with bupivacaine is commonly used in clinical practice during pelvic floor and vaginal surgeries. However, its effectiveness is unclear. To update the evidence base we summarised short- and intermediate-term outcomes of pre-emptive analgesia using pudendal nerve block with bupivacaine as an approach in the management of pelvic floor and vaginal surgeries. Methods: We searched the CENTRAL, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, google scholar and Open Grey from inception until April 2019. The citation lists of relevant papers were also searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of women who underwent perineal, pelvic floor or vaginal surgeries and received pre-emptive analgesia using a pudendal nerve block were included. Two authors independently screened and selected eligible trials as well as performed data extraction and quality assessment. Disagreements were resolved via consensus and an adjudicator was involved when consensus was not achieved. Data was narratively synthesized, when possible, data was pooled in RevMan 5 using random effects model. Results: Four RCTs with a total of 349 participants were eligible for inclusion. We found evidence of small effect for improvement in post-operative pain scores; requirements for opioids, SMD: -0.89 (95% CI: -1.19, -0.59) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories SMD -1.04 (95% CI: -1.64, -0.43) in favour of the PNB versus control group. The risk ratio for adverse effects 0.42 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.99) favoured PNB. There was no significant difference between groups for length of hospital stay, MD: -0.82 (95% CI: -5.34, 3.69) and return to normal activity. Conclusion:We found inconclusive evidence that pre-emptive pudendal block using bupivacaine may improve postoperative pain and recovery in perineal, pelvic floor or vaginal surgeries. However, due to the scant and poor quality of evidence included in this systematic review, well-designed and adequately powered RCTs that adhere to reporting guidelines and evaluate key outcomes are needed to inform clinical guidelines on the use of pre-emptive pudendal block. Key words:pre-emptive analgesia, bupivacaine, pudendal nerve block, vaginal surgery, pelvic organ prolapse, systematic review, meta-analysis