bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Dementia Risk: Potential Pathways to Cognitive Decline
Authors: Pyne Jeffrey D. , Brickman Adam M.
Published: July 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the far-reaching pandemic, has infected approximately 185 million of the world’s population to date. After infection, certain groups, including older adults, men, and people of color, are more likely to have adverse medical outcomes. COVID-19 can affect multiple organ systems, even among asymptomatic/mild severity individuals, with progressively worse damage for those with higher severity infections. Summary: The COVID-19 virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), primarily attaches to cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, a universal receptor present in most major organ systems. As SARS-CoV-2 binds to the ACE2 receptor, its bioavailability becomes limited, thus disrupting homeostatic organ function and inducing an injury cascade. Organ damage can then arise from multiple sources including direct cellular infection, overactive detrimental systemic immune response, and ischemia/hypoxia through thromboembolisms or disruption of perfusion. In the brain, SARS-CoV-2 has neuroinvasive and neurotropic characteristics with acute and chronic neurovirulent potential. In the cardiovascular system, COVID-19 can induce myocardial and systemic vascular damage along with thrombosis. Other organ systems such as the lungs, kidney, and liver are all at risk for infection damage. Key Messages: Our hypothesis is that each injury consequence has the independent potential to contribute to long-term cognitive deficits with the possibility of progressing to or worsening pre-existing dementia. Already, reports from recovered COVID-19 patients indicate that cognitive alterations and long-term symptoms are prevalent. This critical review highlights the injury pathways possible through SARS-CoV-2 infection that have the potential to increase and contribute to cognitive impairment and dementia.
The Making of the Champions: A Case Study of the Development of The Young Aerobic Gymnasts In Malay, Aklan
Authors: Valencia Mike Jhun Detaro , Maming Jimmy Bernabe , Medina Jesalem Hermosa , Macasarte Glenvee Dagohoy
Published: July 2021

The Philippines has the potential to excel in this field because an athlete's height is not a requirement compared to other sports like swimming, basketball, and the likes. This is qualitative research specifically employs a single case study to explore the narratives of the young aerobic gymnasts in the Municipality of Malay, Aklan. This study utilizes online interviews, observation, and data reviews in gathering the data while Yin's (2003) approached was utilized in the analysis of data. Themes emerged from stories of the participants like Personal Skills and Motivations of Young Aerobic Gymnasts is Foundational in Winning the Competition, Present DepEd Curriculum Lacks Content in Aerobic Gymnastics and Parents, School, Government, and Business Sector Support are Significant Factors for a Gymnast to Succeed. The output of the study is a proposed new Model of Young Aerobic Gymnastics Development.
Nada mais humano do que o direito a ser corpo
Authors: Bueno Jair Wesley Ferreira , Manoel Edison de Jesus
Published: July 2021

Este ensaio tem como objetivo propor demandas para estudos que podem compor o contexto reflexivo a ser incentivado pelo Núcleo de Direitos Humanos (NDH) da Escola de Educação Física e Esporte (EEFE) da Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Sobre a ótica do acesso e da promoção da educação em direitos humanos como temática, adota os direitos que NDH selecionou para contemplar ações educativas na EEFE-USP: acesso, igualdade, liberdade, proteção e permanência. Assume que os direitos humanos, ao mesmo tempo que fundamentam, mantêm uma relação de sinergia com o desenvolvimento humano. E mais, desenvolvimento e direitos, apenas serão alcançados a partir do entendimento do corpo que somos. Mais especificamente, sobre o desenvolvimento e os direitos, sugere uma reflexão com base nos pilares apresentados pelo Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento (PNUD). Para o corpo que somos, menciona a noção de corporeidade. Ainda, propõe uma reflexão a partir da fenomenologia e das ciências cognitivas. Apoiado na compreensão que a escola é um espaço importante na formação do ser humano, cuja relação desenvolvimento humano, corpo e direitos humanos pode ser valorizada e explorada, apresenta uma reflexão sobre o mover-se corporal dentro de um modelo de Escola Ativa proposto pelo PNUD. Por fim, conclui que as reflexões propostas são necessárias e atuais, pois enfatizam a experiência que é possível ser vivida pela corporeidade. Isso é fundamental para o desenvolvimento e a garantia dos direitos.
Arte e mídia: relações entre Arlindo Machado e Vilém Flusser
Authors: Almeida Fernanda Albuquerque de
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma breve investigação acerca das reverberações da filosofia da imagem técnica de Vilém Flusser nas propostas sobre arte mídia realizadas por Arlindo Machado. A relação entre esses autores é sugerida pelo mapeamento das proximidades e distâncias entre seus operadores conceituais, modos de proceder e contribuições aos processos de criação e ao debate sobre esses temas e suas repercussões estéticas e políticas. Elas são pertinentes para a compreensão dos problemas que decorrem da produção e circulação, em larga escala, das imagens técnicas, assim como de que modo os artistas podem responder às questões suscitadas pela dialética entre arte e mídia.
Escrevivências: o blog e o microblog como espaços de pesquisa em histórias de vida
Authors: Aviz Roselete Fagundes de , Girardello Gilka Elvira Ponzi
Published: July 2021

A pesquisa que serviu de base para este trabalho teve como objetivo contribuir com o conhecimento e com o diagnóstico das formas de violências em contextos de fundamentalismos religiosos, aprofundando as discussões teóricas sobre o assunto, tendo sempre em vista possibilidades de debates sobre o papel que a Educação tem nesse estudo. A metodologia pautou-se na definição de uma coleta de base por meio de um blog, representada pelas histórias de vida de meninas e mulheres que sofreram algum tipo de violência em contextos de fundamentalismos religiosos. Entre os resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que, para pesquisar temáticas ainda envoltas em silenciamentos e preconceitos, como é o caso da relação entre violência de gênero e fundamentalismos religiosos, aliar o blog a outras ferramentas da cibercultura pode ser de grande relevância, uma vez que isso suscita o debate e permite a criação de espaços de confiança e intimidade que favorecem a partilha de depoimentos pessoais.
Práticas integrativas e complementares em saúde: análise dos regimes de verdade e discursividades médico-hegemônicas
Authors: Mallmann Camila Luzia , Rocha Cristianne Maria Famer , Siqueira Carolina de Freitas Corrêa
Published: July 2021

In this study, we present an analysis of the discursivities regarding the Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health (PICS) that circulate in Brazilian journals. We use Cultural Studies as a reading key to articulate health discursivities with cultural artifacts, thinking them as potent spaces in the production of meanings. As a methodological procedure, we carried out an analysis of the materials from Michel Foucault's tool concept named truth regime. We observe the legitimizing discursivities of medical knowledge that promote discursive displacements about the PICS from a terrain of scientific hesitation, to a “validated” field, when conditioned to the endorsement of the medical professional.
Intoxicated Donors and Heart Transplant Outcomes: Long-Term Safety
Authors: Baran David A. , Lansinger Justin , Long Ashleigh , Herre John M. , Yehya Amin , Sawey Edward J. , Badiye Amit P. , Old Wayne , Copeland Jack , Stelling Kelly , Copeland Hannah
Published: July 2021

Background:

The opioid crisis has led to an increase in available donor hearts, although questions remain about the long-term outcomes associated with the use of these organs. Prior studies have relied on historical information without examining the toxicology results at the time of organ offer. The objectives of this study were to examine the long-term survival of heart transplants in the recent era, stratified by results of toxicological testing at the time of organ offer as well as comparing the toxicology at the time of donation with variables based on reported history.

Methods:

The United Network for Organ Sharing database was requested as well as the donor toxicology field. Between 2007 and 2017, 23 748 adult heart transplants were performed. United Network for Organ Sharing historical variables formed a United Network for Organ Sharing Toxicology Score and the measured toxicology results formed a Measured Toxicology Score. Survival was examined by the United Network for Organ Sharing Toxicology Score and Measured Toxicology Score, as well as Cox proportional hazards models incorporating a variety of risk factors.

Results:

The number and percent of donors with drug use has significantly increased over the study period (
P
<0.0001). Cox proportional hazards modeling of survival including toxicological and historical data did not demonstrate differences in post-transplant mortality. Combinations of drugs identified by toxicology were not associated with differences in survival. Lower donor age and ischemic time were significantly positively associated with survival (
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions:

Among donors accepted for transplantation, neither history nor toxicological evidence of drug use was associated with significant differences in survival. Increasing use of such donors may help alleviate the chronic donor shortage.
Patient‐Reported Outcomes and Patient‐Reported Experience of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in the IMPACT‐AF Clinical Trial
Authors: Humphries Brittany , Cox Jafna L. , Parkash Ratika , Thabane Lehana , Foster Gary A. , MacKillop James , Nemis‐White Joanna , Hamilton Laura , Ciaccia Antonio , Choudhri Shurjeel H. , Xie Feng ,   IMPACT‐AF Investigators
Published: July 2021

Background

The IMPACT‐AF (Integrated Management Program Advancing Community Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation) trial is a prospective, randomized, cluster design trial comparing atrial fibrillation management with a computerized clinical decision support system with usual care (control) in the primary care setting of Nova Scotia, Canada. The objective of this analysis was to assess and compare patient‐reported health‐related quality of life and patient‐reported experience with atrial fibrillation care between clinical decision support and control groups.

Methods and Results

Health‐related quality of life was measured using the EuroQol 5‐dimensional 5‐level scale, whereas patient‐reported experience was assessed using a self‐administered satisfaction questionnaire, both assessed at baseline and 12 months. Health utilities were calculated using the Canadian EuroQol 5‐dimensional 5‐level value set. Descriptive statistics and generalized estimating equations were used to compare between groups. Among 1145 patients enrolled in the trial, 717 had complete EuroQol 5‐dimensional 5‐level data at baseline. The mean age of patients was 73.53 years, and 61.87% were men. Mean utilities at baseline were 0.809 (SD, 0.157) and 0.814 (SD, 0.157) for clinical decision support and control groups, respectively. At baseline, most patients in both groups reported being “very satisfied” with the care received for their atrial fibrillation. There were no statistically significant differences in utility scores or patient satisfaction between groups at 12 months.

Conclusions

Health‐related quality of life of patients remained stable over 12 months, and there was no significant difference in patient satisfaction or utility scores between clinical decision support and control groups.

Registration information

clinicaltrials.gov. Identifier: NCT01927367.
A Conversation with Aliza Shvarts
Authors: Apter Emily
Published: July 2021

Aliza Shvarts first came to widespread attention when her Untitled [Senior Thesis] (2008), consisting of a yearlong performance of self-induced miscarriages, was declared a “fiction” by Yale University and censored from public exhibition. That controversial work was on view for the first time in New York as part of her 2020 exhibition Purported at Art in General. It frames the areas of inquiry she has continued to explore: how the body means and matters and how the subject consents and dissents. In this in-depth conversation, Emily Apter and Aliza Shvarts discuss the exhibition and a wide range of topics relevant to contemporary feminist practice and thought: the genealogy of citation; the uses of theory; speech action; rape kits; nonconsensual collaboration; queer kinship; and memes.
Elephantine Trespasses
Authors: Cornell Collin
Published: July 2021

This article identifies two examples of constructive theological argumentation in recent religion-historical research: specifically, research on the Yahwism of a Persian-period island called Elephantine. These examples are significant because the task of history of religions is to offer critical (re)description of the contents of religion and not to make positive recommendations for current-day god-talk or ethics. In addition to setting out these disciplinary stakes, the article suggests that the location of these trespasses is also of interest: the historical subdiscipline that studies Elephantine, by virtue of its propinquity to the Bible proper, draws theological cachet from the Bible, while its smaller infrastructure relative to academic biblical studies makes room for more editorializing. Lastly, the article answers each theological proposal in kind, with brief theological counterarguments made, not obliquely and paracanonically, but directly from canonical biblical texts. In this way, the article advocates for maintaining the integrity of each discipline: descriptive history of religions and constructive theologizing.
Pictorial Graffiti from the Ghazali Northern Church, Sudan: An Overview
Authors: Obłuski Artur , Maczuga Julia
Published: July 2021

The aim of this paper is to present pictorial graffiti executed on the walls of the Northern Church of the Ghazali Monastery located in what is today the Northern Province of Sudan. The graffiti were recorded during research by the Polish-Sudanese mission at the monastic complex. This paper explores the symbolic meanings of the graffiti as well as possible rationales behind their locations. Some of the depictions have overt religious meanings and may be interpreted as “graphic” prayers. This category of graffiti includes representations of Christ, angels, saints, female figures and horse riders. Other depictions seem to refer to daily life in Nubia – the graffiti abound in motifs such as camels, horses, boats and human beings.
Monitoring of Various Stages of Malaria Using Miniature Fibre Coupler Sensor Device
Authors: Kulkarni Shilpa , Patrikar Sujata
Published: July 2021

A micrometer size, simple, and low-cost sensor for continuous monitoring of human blood during malarial infection at its various stages is proposed in this work. The sensor comprises a light source, silica fiber directional coupler, and an optoelectronic photodetector. The sensor is
simulated for fiber diameters from 1–1.8 #x03BC;m and optimization is done. The sensor produces a photocurrent of a few mA, which gives the level of infection. It can detect a change in refractive index, of the order of 10−5, and needs a small sensing length of
a few μm. It can be potentially built as an integrated embedded device.
A Study on Mechanical Properties of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polycarbonate via an Injection Molding Process
Authors: Jeon Kyung-Soo , Nirmala R. , Hong Seong-Hwa , Chung Yong-II , Navamathavan R. , Kim Hak Yong
Published: July 2021

This manuscript is dealt with the synthesis of short carbon fibers reinforced polycarbonate polymer composite by using injection modeling technique. Four different composite materials were obtained by varying the carbon fibers weight percentage of 10, 20, 30 and 40%. The synthesized
carbon fibers/polycarbonate composites were characterized for their morphological, mechanical and thermal properties by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), universal testing machine (UTM) and IZOD strength test. The resultant carbon fibers/polycarbonate composites exhibited excellent
interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers and polycarbonate resin. The tensile properties were observed to be monotonically increases with increasing carbon fiber content in the composite resin. The tensile strength of carbon fiber/polycarbonate composites with the carbon fiber content 40%
were increased about 8 times than that of the pristine polycarbonate matrix. The carbon fibers/polycarbonate composites with 40 wt.% of short carbon fibers exhibited a high tensile strength and thermal conductivity. The incorporation of carbon fiber in to polycarbonate resin resulted in a
significant enhancement in the mechanical and the thermal behavior. These studies suggested that the short carbon fiber incorporated polycarbonate composite matrix is a good candidate material for many technological applications.
Study on N-(4-Chlorobenzoyl) Fenamic Acid Crystal-Density Functional Theory Approach
Authors: Mary Glory D. C. , Sambathkumar K. , Madivanane R. , Gayathri R. , Lourdu Edison Raj C. , Nithiyanantham S. , Ravichandran G.
Published: July 2021

The N-(4-Cholorobenzoyl)Fenamic acid crystal have been grown, the structural and the lattice parameters are found through XRD analysis. The chemical bonding and their nature analysis was performed from the FTIR and FT-Raman spectra’s. The molecular structure optimized through
DFT (Density Functional Theory) computations and correlated through experimental one. From the optimized geometry from the computations provide to the structural, frequencies and other parameters are match with experiments. From hyper-conjugative interactions, charge delocalization used to
study the stabile nature of molecules through NBO analysis. The thermodynamic properties are linearly deepened with temperature. And susceptibility of the crystal can be performed is found to decrease at different temperatures is calculated. The spectral analysis agreed well with experiments.
Overoxidized Polypyrrole/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate/Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes Matrix for the Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Heavy Metal Ions by Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Slimi Sarra , Barhoumi Houcine , Jaffrezic-Renault Nicole
Published: July 2021

In this work, we report an overoxidized polypyrrole (oPPy)/single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) matrix, electrochemically coated onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). This matrix was characterized by AFM, FTIR, and cyclic voltammetry. It is shown that the developed permslective matrix
allows the simultaneous quantification of multiple metal ions, including zinc, cadmium, and lead, using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry. The sensitivities of the oPPy/SWCNTs/GCE for Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ are respectively, 8.89, 41.3, and 45.4 μA
mol L~1. The detection limits of Cd2+ and Pb2+ were found to be respectively equal to 37 μg/L and 69 μg/L In addition, the developed oPPy/SWCNTs based sensor has been successfully used for the detection of lead and cadmium in wastewater
samples.
Mine Fire Safety Monitoring in Underground Metal Mines: Is Zigbee Wireless Sensor Networks Technology the Best Choice?
Authors: Yu Haoxuan
Published: July 2021

Mine fire is a very common and serious problem in mining engineering, and often causes casualties, equipment losses, mine shutdown, resource destruction, and even sulphide dust explosion. So it is of vital importance to monitor mine fire in the engineering projects in order to prevent
economic losses and casualties. Actually, we have done a lot of engineering projects on mine fire monitoring and have seen a variety of monitoring systems in underground metal mines. Unmodestly speaking, we are experts in this field, therefore, in this viewpoint paper, we mainly introduce
a few mine fire monitoring methods and technologies according to our practical engineering experience, especially the ZigBee WSN technology and sensors. And in the end of the paper, we have explained “Why is ZigBee WSN technology the best choice in the fire monitoring in the underground
metal mines at the present stage?”.
Design of a Sensor System Using Fiber Bragg Grating for Liquid Level and Liquid Density Measurement
Authors: Biswas Kalyan
Published: July 2021

In this work, a simple but versatile sensing system for very accurate sensing of liquid level and liquid density is presented. The sensor works based on basic strain sensitivity of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) and principle of liquid obeying Archimedes’ law of buoyancy. In this system,
a cylindrical shaped mass suspended from a Fiber Bragg Grating and partially immersed in the liquid to be sensed. If the liquid level in the container or liquid density varies, that change the up thrust on the suspended mass and load on the Fiber will be changed accordingly. The change in
the load on Fiber changes strain on the FBG and the reflected Bragg wavelength also changes. The proposed device with proper calibration should be able to carry out real time and nonstop liquid level and liquid density measurements. A mathematical analysis of the system considering liquid
properties and geometrical structure of the suspended mass is presented here. Sensitivity of the system for liquid level monitoring is also reported. Achieved results shows the path for the utilization of the proposed sensor system for precise liquid density measurement and liquid level sensing
in very large storage tanks used for commercial/residential applications.
Evaluation of Complications and Weight Outcomes in Pediatric Cerebral Palsy Patients With Gastrostomy Tubes
Authors: Jadi Jihane , Hyder Sudipta , Rodriguez Ormaza Nidia P. , Twer Emma , Phillips Michael , Akinkuotu Adesola , Reid Trista D.
Published: July 2021

Background

Feeding difficulties are common in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The goal of this study was to examine pediatric CP patients undergoing gastrostomy tube (G tube) placement and assess the association between patient characteristics and weight after 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year.

Methods

This was a retrospective study of all pediatric patients with CP who received a G tube placement between April 2014 and December 2017 at a single institution. Bivariate analysis was used to examine association between patient characteristics and the primary outcome of improvement in weight Z score at 3, 6, and 12 months.

Results

Of 63 patients who received a G tube, 81% had an increase in Z score at 3 months, 44% at 6 months, and 64% at 12 months. By 12 months, factors associated with a positive Z score change included moderate and severe malnutrition, lack of prior G tube, and fewer comorbidities. The majority (69.8%) of patients experienced complications. Seven (11%) patients died, with only 1 death related to G tube placement.

Discussion

The use of G tubes in CP patients resulted in an increase in an improvement in nutritional status for the majority of patients over the course of a year. Although most complications were minor, patients had a high complication rate and frequently visited the emergency department, highlighting the need for standardized education and follow-up among this patient population.
Trends in Open, Laparoscopic, and Robotic Approaches to Colorectal Operations
Authors: Hajirawala Luv N. , Leonardi Claudia , Orangio Guy R. , Davis Kurt G. , Barton Jeffrey S.
Published: July 2021

The use of robotic approach has gained momentum in colorectal surgery. We analyzed the trends in the adoption of robotic-assisted platform (RAP) for colorectal surgery over a 6-year period (2013-2018) using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project. We assessed yearly prevalence of robotic, laparoscopic, and open approaches, and evaluated trends in the adoption of RAP across age, gender, BMI, and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) subgroups. Overall, the frequency of open, laparoscopic, and robotic approach was 36%, 46.8%, and 7.8%, respectively. While the use of laparoscopic cases remained stable over the study period, the prevalence of RAP increased from 2.8% to 11.4%. This was accompanied by a concomitant decline in the use of open approach, from 40.8% to 33%. The use of RAP also increased across all age, gender, BMI, and ASA subgroups. Robotic-assisted platform is increasingly utilized for higher risk, older, and obese patients, allowing more patients to receive minimally invasive colorectal surgery.
Too deep for words alone: principles for liturgical and Prayer Book revision
Authors: Lawson Richard
Published: July 2021

As the Episcopal Church undertakes Prayer Book and liturgical revision, it is important to focus not only on liturgical language but also on nonverbal elements of liturgy, especially symbolism, the public nature of services, and racial justice.
The stratification of education systems and social background inequality of educational opportunity
Authors: Traini Claudia
Published: July 2021

This article aims to identify the moderating effect of two dimensions of the stratification of education systems (the extent to which the first selection is based on students’ ability and the age of first selection) on social background gradient in educational attainment. Individual-level data of the European Social Survey (round 1 to 9) is complemented with new contextual indicators measuring various education systems’ characteristics. This article’s contribution to the debate is twofold. First, it simultaneously investigates two dimensions of the stratification of education systems that have never been analyzed in cross-country studies investigating long-term educational outcomes. Second, it provides a series of indicators of education systems’ characteristics collected by means of an online expert survey whose validity and reliability is also tested. Findings show that the two dimensions of the stratification of education systems have opposite effects. As the first selection is increasingly based on students’ ability, social background gradient in educational attainment increases. In contrast, postponing the age of first selection decreases social inequality in educational opportunity.
Chitosan-Calcium-Simvastatin Scaffold as an Inductive Cell-Free Platform
Authors: Soares D.G. , Bordini E.A.F. , Bronze-Uhle E.S. , Cassiano F.B. , Silva I.S.P. , Gallinari M.O. , Matheus H.R. , Almeida J.M. , Cintra L.T.A. , Hebling J. , de Souza Costa C.A.
Published: July 2021

The development of biomaterials based on the combination of biopolymers with bioactive compounds to develop delivery systems capable of modulating dentin regeneration mediated by resident cells is the goal of current biology-based strategies for regenerative dentistry. In this article, the bioactive potential of a simvastatin (SV)–releasing chitosan-calcium-hydroxide (CH-Ca) scaffold was assessed. After the incorporation of SV into CH-Ca, characterization of the scaffold was performed. Dental pulp cells (DPCs) were seeded onto scaffolds for the assessment of cytocompatibility, and odontoblastic differentiation was evaluated in a microenvironment surrounded by dentin. Thereafter, the cell-free scaffold was adapted to dentin discs positioned in artificial pulp chambers in direct contact with a 3-dimensional (3D) culture of DPCs, and the system was sealed to simulate internal pressure at 20 cm/H2O. In vivo experiments with cell-free scaffolds were performed in rats’ calvaria defects. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy spectra proved incorporation of Ca and SV into the scaffold structure. Ca and SV were released upon immersion in a neutral environment. Viable DPCs were able to spread and proliferate on the scaffold over 14 d. Odontoblastic differentiation occurred in the DPC/scaffold constructs in contact with dentin, in which SV supplementation promoted odontoblastic marker overexpression and enhanced mineralized matrix deposition. The chemoattractant potential of the CH-Ca scaffold was improved by SV, with numerous viable and dentin sialoprotein–positive cells from the 3D culture being observed on its surface. Cells at 3D culture featured increased gene expression of odontoblastic markers in contact with the SV-enriched CH-Ca scaffold. CH-Ca-SV led to intense mineralization in vivo, presenting mineralization foci inside its structure. In conclusion, the CH-Ca-SV scaffold induces differentiation of DPCs into a highly mineralizing phenotype in the presence of dentin, creating a microenvironment capable of attracting pulp cells to its surface and inducing the overexpression of odontoblastic markers in a cell-homing strategy.
Regret and Repair: Experiences of Adult Children and Parents When a Father Remarries Soon After the Death of a Spouse
Authors: Nice Lindsey A. , Jenks David B. , Saunders Camille A. , Quintero Leslie Chantel
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to better understand what happens to families when a parent remarries quickly after the death of a long-term partner. Men typically re-partner much more rapidly than women do after the death of a spouse. We used a qualitative, grounded-theory method to interview six parents (all men) and their adult children (12 participants total) about their experiences when fathers lost their spouse and re-partnered quickly. We found a variety of reasons for rapid remarriage, and a number of implications for parent-child relationships, including feelings of losing one parent in body and another in relationship, different expectations between parents and children related to holding on to memories of the deceased and finding ways to let go, remaining parents looking back with unexpressed regret, and finally experiences of repair. Clinical recommendations for therapists are provided.
Relationship between Lp-PLA2 and in-stent restenosis after coronary stenting: a 3-year follow-up study
Authors: Sheng Guohua , Zhou Juan , Zhang Chi , Wu Caijuan , Huang Kairong , Qin Xiaotong , Wu Jie
Published: July 2021

Background and aims

Coronary in-stent restenosis (ISR) is an important complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the relationship between lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) level and ISR after PCI is rarely reported. This study aims to explore the relationship between Lp-PLA2 and the occurrence of ISR at post-PCI and its predictive value for ISR.

Methods and results

Plasma Lp-PLA2 mass were measured in 847 patients planting 1262 stents and evaluated along with known risk indicators. One-year angiographic follow-up showed that baseline elevated Lp-PLA2 mass was strongly associated with early restenosis (95% CI = 1.062-3.050, P < 0.05). Beyond the first year, the occurrence of late restenosis (95% CI = 1.043-3.214, P < 0.05) was significantly larger in the elevated Lp-PLA2 group. Kaplan-Meier analysis after three-year clinical follow up suggested that Lp-PLA2 mass did add the positive effect on the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).

Conclusion

In conclusion, increased baseline plasma Lp-PLA2 predicts increased risks of re-stenosis and MACEs, which may be a novel biomarker for predicting ISR and MACEs.
Multiple problematisations: The logics governing wet markets in two Chinese cities
Authors: Zhong Shuru , Chen Yulin , Zeng Guojun
Published: July 2021

Wet markets serve as a cornerstone of food distribution in China but are increasingly being threatened by urban displacement. This study explores the various motivations for local governments in Sanya City and Beijing City to enact aggressive policies limiting wet markets, the dynamic nature of the governing process and the multifaceted impacts such governance has on the everyday practices of vendors and consumers. Drawing upon Foucault’s notion of problematisation, this study found that wet markets have become representations of ‘problems’ such as insanitation and disorder, lowlands of economic revenue and ‘low-skilled industry’. Specific governance is regularly entangled with multiple means of problematisation, shaped and conditioned by forces such as administrative capacity, policy intensity, market configuration, business activism and consumer demand, as well as the interrelationships among them. Current governance is attempting to ‘correct’ wet markets to desired forms, but ignores the holistic value they embed in urban life. Thus, this research suggests more inclusive governance and sustainable development with regards to wet markets.
The three tenures: A case of property maintenance
Authors: Rose Geoff , Harris Richard
Published: July 2021

Property maintenance affects health and safety, market values and neighbourhood dynamics. Previous studies have indicated that owner-occupiers maintain their properties better than do absentee (non-resident) landlords. Some evidence suggests that maintenance by resident landlords falls in between but no study has compared all three tenures. This study of the City of Rochester, New York, utilises tax data for every residential property in the city in 2017, these being linked to records of building inspections, mostly pro-active. It indicates that code violations were highest for absentee-owned properties, lowest for the owner-occupied and intermediate for the properties of resident landlords. Comparison of the two- and three-unit properties of resident landlords indicates the impact of pro-active inspections. Maintenance by Limited Liability Companies was about average for absentee-owned properties, but those handled by management companies were worse. Longitudinal analysis of independent changes in the ownership and tenure of dwelling units, 2011–2017, indicates that observed differences in maintenance in 2017 were attributable to the incentives characteristic of each tenure, not to differences in personal preference among property owners. Results underline the importance of pro-active inspections and the need for qualitative research to clarify the motivations of different types of landlords.
Evaluation and Comparison of Artificial Intelligence Vision Aids: Orcam MyEye 1 and Seeing AI
Authors: Granquist Christina , Sun Susan Y. , Montezuma Sandra R. , Tran Tu M. , Gage Rachel , Legge Gordon E.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: We compared the print-to-speech properties and human performance characteristics of two artificial intelligence vision aids, Orcam MyEye 1 (a portable device) and Seeing AI (an iPhone and iPad application). Methods: There were seven participants with visual impairments who had no experience with the two reading aids. Four participants had no light perception. Two individuals with measurable acuity and one with light perception were tested while blindfolded. We also tested performance with text of varying appearance in varying viewing conditions. To evaluate human performance, we asked the participants to use the devices to attempt 12 reading tasks similar to activities of daily living. We assessed the ranges of text attributes for which reading was possible, such as print size, contrast, and light level. We also assessed if individuals could complete tasks with the devices and measured accuracy and completion time. Participants also completed a survey concerning the two aids. Results: Both aids achieved greater than 95% accuracy in text recognition for flat, plain word documents and ranged from 13 to 57% accuracy for formatted text on curved surfaces. Both aids could read print sizes as small as 0.8M (20/40 Snellen equivalent, 40 cm viewing distance). Individuals successfully completed 71% and 55% ( p = .114) of tasks while using Orcam MyEye 1 and Seeing AI, respectively. There was no significant difference in time to completion of tasks ( p = .775). Individuals believed both aids would be helpful for daily activities. Discussion: Orcam MyEye 1 and Seeing AI had similar text-reading capability and usability. Both aids were useful to users with severe visual impairments in performing reading tasks. Implications for Practitioners: Selection of a reading device or aid should be based on individual preferences and prior familiarity with the platform, since we found no clear superiority of one solution over the other.
Efficacy and Safety of Long-Term Low-Dose Clarithromycin in Patients With Refractory Chronic Sinusitis After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: Chen Han , Zhou Bing , Huang Qian , Li Cheng , Wu Yubin , Huang Zhenxiao , Li Yunxia , Qu Jing , Xiao Nianci , Wang Mingjie
Published: July 2021

Objective:

To observe the efficacy and safety of postoperative long-term low-dose oral administration of clarithromycin in patients with refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (RCRS), to explore the characteristics of postoperative microbiota in the nasal cavity in patients with RCRS, and to compare the differences and changes in microbiota in the nasal cavity before and after medication.

Methods:

This was a prospective, self-controlled study. Eighteen patients with RCRS who had persistent symptoms after endoscopic sinus surgery and standard therapy with normal immunoglobulin E and eosinophil level were included. Low dose (250 mg, once daily) clarithromycin was orally administrated for 12 weeks. Symptom severity and endoscopic findings were evaluated before, after 4 weeks, and 12 weeks of treatment, and nasal cavity microbiota was analyzed simultaneously.

Results:

A total of 18 patients with RCRS were enrolled and 17 patients completed the study. Four weeks after oral administration of clarithromycin, significant improvement was observed in subjective symptoms including nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, postnasal drip, and general discomfort, as well as endoscopic findings including general surgical cavity condition, rhinedema, and rhinorrhea ( P < .05). After continuous treatment to the 12th week, symptoms showed significant improvement compared with baseline, and endoscopic score showed significant improvement compared with both baseline and 4 weeks after treatment. Analysis of middle nasal meatus flora revealed a significant decrease of Streptococcus pneumoniae after 12 weeks of clarithromycin treatment ( P < .05), while the richness, composition, and diversity were similar before and after treatment. Patients enrolled experienced no adverse drug reaction or allergic reaction, nor clinical significant liver function impairment observed.

Conclusion:

Postoperative low-dose long-term oral administration of clarithromycin in patients with RCRS can improve the clinical symptoms and facilitate the mucosal epithelialization, with good tolerance and safety. The efficacy of clarithromycin in patients with RCRS may be related to its regulatory effect on nasal cavity microbiota.
On Guessing: An Alternative Adjusted Positive Learning Estimator and Comparing Probability Misspecification With Monte Carlo Simulations
Authors: Smith Ben O. , White Dustin R.
Published: July 2021

Practitioners in the sciences have used the “flow” of knowledge (post-test score minus pre-test score) to measure learning in the classroom for the past 50 years. Walstad and Wagner, and Smith and Wagner moved this practice forward by disaggregating the flow of knowledge and accounting for student guessing. These estimates are sensitive to misspecification of the probability of guessing correct. This work provides guidance to practitioners and researchers facing this problem. We introduce a transformed measure of true positive learning that under some knowable conditions performs better when students’ ability to guess correctly is misspecified and converges to Hake’s normalized learning gain estimator under certain conditions. We then use simulations to compare the accuracy of two estimation techniques under various violations of the assumptions of those techniques. Using recursive partitioning trees fitted to our simulation results, we provide the practitioner concrete guidance based on a set of yes/no questions.
Financial Preparedness for Emergencies: Age Patterns and Multilevel Vulnerabilities
Authors: Cong Zhen , Feng Guanggang
Published: July 2021

Guided mainly by the social vulnerability perspective and life course perspective, this study examined age patterns of financial preparedness for emergencies and how they were contextualized by vulnerabilities at the individual and community levels. We matched data from the Federal Emergency Management Agency 2018 National Household Survey and 15 indicators of the Social Vulnerability Index at the county level. Two-level logistic regressions were conducted with the working sample, which included 4,623 respondents from 958 counties. The results showed that adults aged 18 to 44 were more likely than those aged 65 to 74 to set aside money for emergencies among Hispanics, those with minor children in the household, and in communities with higher levels of poverty, higher percentages of minorities, and higher percentages of no vehicles, but less likely to do so among the White and those with insurance. The findings were discussed within a multilevel layered vulnerability framework.
Jesuit Kaddish and I
Authors: Laqueur Thomas W
Published: July 2021

James Bernauer’s Jesuit Kaddish about Jews and Jesuits in the shadow of the Holocaust is not a work of ordinary secular history. It is grounded in two distinctly Jesuit spiritual practices. This essay grapples with how to translate so avowedly Jesuit an account into a more universal one. It uses this work to think about how one might use its insights to think in more secular terms about the great wrong that haunts America: the legacy of racism. Finally, it understands Bernauer’s book as insisting that we reflect on broader questions: of complicity, of obligations to repair the wounds of the past, of responsibility. A book devoted to Jesuit versions of these sorts of issues invites a more general consideration. The contrast between a more secular and a Jesuit account of all these matters is refracted in part through the author’s personal relationship to the Holocaust.
Exploring School Leaders Communities of Practice and School Improvement
Authors: Bickmore Dana L. , Gonzales Miguel M. , Roberts Maria B.
Published: July 2021

This case study describes a pilot professional development project in which school leaders met regularly in a community of practice to clarify each other’s identification of a problem of practice followed by development and implementation of a school improvement plan. Findings indicated positive perceptions of and engagement in the community of practice, revealing this process provided a platform for authentic feedback, reflective practice, and means to share ideas. Participants reported improved leadership behaviors associated with school improvement planning and implementation.
Delay between clinical presentation and treatment of deep venous thrombosis in the lower limbs and regression of thrombosis
Authors: Musil Dalibor , Kováčik František
Published: July 2021

Introduction

The objective was to investigate the delay between the onset of DVT symptoms and start of anticoagulation in common practice, assess whether this has any impact on the recanalization of venous thrombosis over one year follow up.

Methods

A prospective observational study on 76 consecutive patients (39 men, 51.3%) with DVT diagnosed using compression ultrasound (CUS). Timing was classified as very early treatment ≤72 hours, early treatment ˂7 days and late treatment ≥7 days from onset of symptoms. Further development of the disease was monitored by CUS in scheduled visits 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the start of treatment.

Results

Mean delay from symptom onset to the start of anticoagulation was 11.1 days (median 7 days, range 1-42 days) with significant difference (p˂0.05) between proximal (12.9 days, median 30 days) and distal DVT (6.5 days, median 2 days). In less than 25% of all patients, with both proximal and distal DVT, treatment was started very early (≤72 hours), 40 patients (52.6%) received late treatment ≥7 days. There was a positive correlation between delay, average time of complete recanalization (≤72 hours 4.2 months, ≥7 days 5.3 months, p˂0.05) and rate of incomplete recanalization (≤72 hours 7.3%, ≥7 days 30.9%, p˂0.01) in proximal DVT, not in distal DVT.

Conclusions

There was a delay of ≥7 days in treating in more than half of our patients. The mean interval between clinical onset and start of treatment was significantly shorter and a delay ≥7 days significantly less frequent in patients with distal DVT compared to patients with proximal DVT. A very significant positive correlation between delay in treatment and rate of incomplete recanalization of proximal and distal thrombosis indicates that delayed anticoagulation could be a signal risk factor for the incomplete recanalization and development of PTS.
A case report of pyogenic liver abscess caused by hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing
Authors: Xie Jiafeng , Zhu Zhiqiang
Published: July 2021

A 56-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus presented with high fever but no abdominal pain. An abdominal computed tomography scan showed a large liver abscess. Hypervirulent, string test-positive, rmpA/ ampA2-, and iutA-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae was rapidly identified from drainage fluid of the liver abscess using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). After intravenous antibiotic therapy and drainage of the abscess, the patient’s condition resolved. This case report highlights the value of mNGS in rapidly and accurately identifying a pathogenic microorganism, which helps reduce the incidence of antimicrobial resistance and enables the targeted use of antibiotics.
Searching for housing in the digital age: Neighborhood representation on internet rental housing platforms across space, platform, and metropolitan segregation
Authors: Hess Chris , Acolin Arthur , Walter Rebecca , Kennedy Ian , Chasins Sarah , Crowder Kyle
Published: July 2021

Understanding residential mobility, housing affordability, and the geography of neighborhood advantage and disadvantage relies on robust information about housing search processes and housing markets. Existing data about housing markets, especially rental markets, suffer from accuracy issues and a lack of temporal and geographic flexibility. Data collected from online rental platforms that are commonly used can help address these issues and hold considerable promise for better understanding the full distribution of available rental homes. However, realizing this promise requires a careful assessment of potential sources of bias as online rental listing platforms may perpetuate inequalities similar to those found in physical spaces. This paper approaches the production of rental advertisements as a social process driven by both contextual and property level factors. We compare data from two online platforms for the 100 most populated metropolitan areas in the United States to explore inequality in digital rental listing spaces and understand what characteristics are associated with over and underrepresentation of advertisements in certain areas. We find similar associations for socioeconomic measures between platforms and across urban and suburban parts of these metropolitan areas. In contrast, the importance of racial and ethnic composition, as well as broader patterns of segregation, for online representation differs substantially across space and platform. This analysis informs our understanding of how online platforms affect housing search dynamics through their biases and segmentation, and highlights the potential and limits in using the data available on these platforms to produce small area rental estimates.