bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinearity and Information as Factors of Ensuring Effective Functioning of the Banking System
Authors: Tkachuk Nataliia
Published: March 2020

The influence of non-linearity and information on functioning of banks has been considered in the article. The connection of nonlinear banking system with nonlinear economic paradigm which changes today linear paradigm of economic development for traditional has been underlined. The expediency of choosing economic synergetics as a new conceptual theory of a nonlinear paradigm has been grounded. The attention has been accented on the fact that the essence of nonlinearity should be interpreted as a multivariance and alternativeness of choice of ways of development as the irreversibility and speed of processes which are taking place in the banking environment. It has been noted that non-linearity property lies in disproportional reaction of the banking system to changes in the internal and external environment, which makes it possible and multialternative subsequent development of it at the points where its functioning takes place under uncertainty. It has been proven that nonlinearity of the banking system is manifested in such phenomena as ambiguity and irreversibility. On the basis of conducting of a comparative characteristic of linear and nonlinear systems, the severance of the properties of nonlinearities of the banking system development has been conducted: emergence, bifurcation, fluctuation and irreversibility. It has been emphasized that non-linear dynamics gives the possibility to reveal the essence of the process of self-organization of the banking system as a consequent change of the individual phases of order and chaos in its development. The entropy and informational nature of the modern banking system has stipulated the need for determining the dependence of the effect of its functioning from the indicator of the order of system behaviour which is stipulated by the level of filling of the system by management information. It has been established that organization and effect of the banking system's activity increases with the growth of management information in its volume, and vice versa. This connection has an exponential nature and reveals the nonlinear character of development of the banking system in constant confrontation between disorder and information in the entropy aspect of the study. The process of development of the banking system has been proposed, to consider it as interaction of linearity and nonlinearity, stability and instability, constancy and structural changes as opposed to the properties of traditional linearity, continuity and sustainability which fully reflects the synergetic vision of the development of complex economic systems.
The discovery of the genus Bryanellocoris from Laos, with description of a new species (Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae)
Authors: Ban Teruaki
Published: March 2020

The genus Bryanellocoris J. A. Slater, 1957 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Rhyparochromidae: Ozophorini) is recorded from Laos for the first time. This record is based on the discovery of a new species, Bryanellocoris wakaharai sp. nov., collected from northern Laos. Illustrations of genital structures of the new species and a key to the Oriental species of Bryanellocoris are provided.
Temporal dynamics of sequential motor activation in a dual-prime paradigm: Insights from conditional accuracy and hazard functions
Authors: Wolkersdorfer Maximilian P. , Panis Sven , Schmidt Thomas
Published: March 2020

In response priming experiments, a participant has to respond as quickly and as accurately as possible to a target stimulus preceded by a prime. The prime and the target can either be mapped to the same response (consistent trial) or to different responses (inconsistent trial). Here, we investigate the effects of two sequential primes (each one either consistent or inconsistent) followed by one target in a response priming experiment. We employ discrete-time hazard functions of response occurrence and conditional accuracy functions to explore the temporal dynamics of sequential motor activation. In two experiments (small-N design, 12 participants, 100 trials per cell and subject), we find that (1) the earliest responses are controlled exclusively by the first prime if primes are presented in quick succession, (2) intermediate responses reflect competition between primes, with the second prime increasingly dominating the response as its time of onset is moved forward, and (3) only the slowest responses are clearly controlled by the target. The current study provides evidence that sequential primes meet strict criteria for sequential response activation. Moreover, it suggests that primes can influence responses out of a memory buffer when they are presented so early that participants are forced to delay their responses.
Saxagliptin
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

Ein weiteres «Gliptin-Antidabetikum», das den Abbau der Inkretine hemmt. Gegenüber Sitagliptin und Vildagliptin sind keine grossen Unterschiede zu erkennen.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF WRITE, SHARE, AND REVISE TECHNIQUE TO EMPOWER STUDENTS’ CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT AND INTEREST IN WRITING ENGLISH
Authors: Inayah Ratih
Published: March 2020

This study aims to: (1) examine the influence of Write, Share, and Revise technique in recognizing students‟ interest in writing English; and (2) analyze students' character development in writing skills after applying Write, Share, and Revise. It is a qualitative descriptive research where the primary data analyzed is the development of students‟ writing interest and skill during the time of implementation of Write, Share, and Revise Technique. In addition, as secondary data, the analysis of interviews, and classroom observations were tabulated as supporting primary data. Participants selected by using Purposive Participant technique. A total of 60 regular students of the 2017 English Education Study Program at IKIP Siliwangi were involved. The results of the study showed an increase in students‟ interest in writing English and also help them to develop their own writing skill form before the implementation, during, and after the implementation of Write, Share, and Revise technique. Based on interview and observation, it also reveals that students‟ are still struggle with writing materials. This implies that the students still needed extra care from teachers. Thus, it can be concluded that Write, Share, and Revise technique affects the process of writing as an individual and group. By doing Write, Share, and Revise, students tend to be opening minded and lessen selfish feeling and ego by helping each other to make a better writing form.
CHARACTER BUILDING: ARE EFL TEACHERS READY? (VOICES FROM LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS)
Authors: Wiyati Retno
Published: March 2020

Character building education in classroom contexts is nowadays gaining a lot more attention than in the past as a way to provide solution to the social misbehavior that students often conduct outside classroom and even school levels. This is in line with the new curriculum of 2013 in which “Pendidikan nasional berfungsi mengembangkan kemampuan dan membentuk watak serta peradaban bangsa yang bermartabat....peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada Tuhan yang Maha Esa, berakhlak mulia,sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif, mandiri, dan mejadi warga negara yang demokratis serta bertanggung jawab (Suherdi, 2013). This indicates that character building education is very important in producing students who have a strong religious character as well as a good attitude to make them not only succeed academically in school but also in their social life. This study is thus aimed at finding out the aspects of characters that teachers and students need to possess, the teachers’ role in promoting character education in the classrooms, and the importance of character education to enhance students’ learning activities. This study involves several teachers and students of different classes from some English learning institutions. The preliminary study revealed that teachers do not have a significant role in emphasizing character building in the classrooms and that most students are not fully aware of the importance of character education in enhancing their learning.
Analisis Sektor Pertambangan Dan Penggalian Melalui Jalur Kredit Dalam Mekanisme Transmisi Di Indonesia (Tahun 2002-2012)
Authors: Mayo Regina
Published: March 2020

This research analyzes the effectiveness of the credit channel in the monetary transmission mechanism in Indonesia with sectoral study. It is expected by using these credit channel, can indicate which sector contributes greatly to inflation and then handling the sector so there is not give a contribute significantly to inflation like the main purpose in the UU No. 3, 2004, 7 can be achieved, the stability of the rupiah, as reflected in low inflation and stable. The VECM estimation technique with research periods 2002-2012 covering  variables BI  rate, credit rates of  investment, credit  rates  of  working  capital,  sectoral  investment  credit sectoral working capital credit, sectoral of GDP and inflation. The result shows: sectoral working capital credit of mining and quarrying which effectively explains inflation, it is because this sector is capital solid with advanced equipment and high technology, it takes a lot of fund.
Bentuk-Bentuk Strategi Ambush Marketing Yang Dijalankan Oleh Pihak Sponsor Pada Kejuaraan Djarum Indonesia Open
Authors: Dio Nanda Permai Ygnasius
Published: March 2020

The role of sport sponsorship  as the main option in the marketing communication  has become a very vital part in funding various Ambush marketing related to sport, where a company which is not an official sponsor of the event (official partner) conduct a business that includes their names, products, and services to a sporting event or kopetisi with a marketing strategy that is "unique". The purpose of  this   study   was   to  determine   the   forms   ambush   marketing strategies   taken  by  the  sponsor  in  the  Djarum  Indonesia  Open Championship  and to determine  consumer  response to the Djarum Indonesia  Open championship  against forms of Ambush Marketing strategy.  Results  of  the  study  that  the  shapes  strategy  Ambush Marketing   in  run  Party   Links   Championship   Djarum  Indonesia Open, among others:   the  first  one  that  is,  forms   of   strategies Ambush marketing is run by the Party Links Championship Djarum Indonesia Open is: Sponsor media coverage of the event or ambusher become   sponsors   of  the  various   media   that   include elements of an event, usually by creating events in hot spots around the event took place, a sponsor from the event and perform exploitation campaign   aggressively, making sponsorship linked with the contribution of sports stars as well as engage in Advertising, which coincided with sposnsor event. Secondly, the consumer response is  part of consumer behavior at    the championships  Djarum Indonesia Open can be shown in willingness to recommend the brand or ready in recommending the brand to others,  willingness  to pay a price  premium  for the brand,  namely the decision of use of the brand is based on the price offered price itself  is  inseparable   from  the  values  and  benefits  that  includes products or services offered, as well as willingness  to accept brand extensions  that  decition  in using  an  existing  brand  belonging  has launched a new product.
Pengaruh E-Servqual Terhadap Kepercayaan dan Loyalitas Pelanggan PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero)
Authors: Yudiastuti Anni , Niwadolo Cornelius
Published: March 2020

This study aims to examine the effect of the company's quality Api Indonesia (Persero) with trust as an intervening method   of  analysis   using  Partial   Least  Square   (PLS).   The results   showed   a  direct   effect   and  significant   variable   E- Servqual   on  the  Trust   (the   Trust),   where   the   value   of  t statistics for 5205 which is above ± 1.96 (5%). with coefficient of 0,488  positive  path,  can  be  interpreted  that  the  better  E- Servqual,  would  cause  the  Trust  of  consumers  will  also  be higher. Path coefficient values indicate a direct and significant effect  of  the   variable  Trust  on  loyality   with  a  value  of  t statistics for 9,005 which is above ± 1.96 (5%). From the path coefficient value of 0621 (positive), can be interpreted that the higher  the Trust  (Trust)  consumers,  it will lead  to customer loyalty will also be higher.
Struktur Modal Optimal Dalam Menghasilkan Laba Untuk Usaha Kecil Menengah Di Kota Malang
Authors: Ratih Dewi , Suprapti MAF.
Published: March 2020

This study aims to find out more about the policy of the existing capital structure at the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), the influence of the ratio of debt to assets, the ratio of sales to assets, the loan term to the benefit of business, types of financial institutions, and the loan term to profitability which measures the continuity of their business. This   study   is  a  combination   of   quantitative   research   by   using statistical tests. The qualitative research through general least square (GLS) to test the variable sales to total assets and the ratio of debt to total assets. The object of research  is SMEs spread across the city of Malang  by viewing the source of funding and the type of financial institution that is  accessible   related  to  profitability.   The  sample  selection   using purposive sampling technique with the SME population in the city of Malang, gained as much as 62 SMEs as the sample population collected as many as 36 SMEs.  The sample  is an SME  that is included  in the population sample that met the selection criteria. The results of the analysis to model 1 shows that the profitability of SMEs in Malang influenced  by the explanatory  variables used in the capital structure research by 74.20% and only range of approximately line of business and the type of financial institution that became the source  of  acquisition  of  capital  is  not  a  major  factor  of  financial performance or profitability of SMEs in Malang
Masih Efektifkah City Branding Terhadap Peningkatan Jumlah Wisatawan
Authors: Christopher Hamzah Gideon
Published: March 2020

Currently, the development of technology and knowledge developed with very fast and unlimited, this makes all forms of information can be easily accessed or in the know. This convenience makes all the people getting interested to know a variety of new information and also share a variety of information and experience. Similarly happens to the world of tourism, see the greater opportunities that exist to make competition in the world tourism is increasingly rapidly develops, it can be seen by many different cities who do the activities of city branding or activities promoting and making the city as a tourist destination with a wide range of ways that provide a wide range of permissions that facilitate a variety of tourism activities more rapidly evolving improvements, a variety of public facilities and infrastructure, and various other promotional way. But in reality not all city branding goes in accordance  with  the  expectations  that existed,  in  some  city tours that the influence of city branding is not running or failed. Yet the number of conceptual research which deals with the effectiveness of city branding in an increasing number of tourists, as well as to examine theoretically about effectiveness city branding against an increase in tourists.
When Ukraine will Finally Have its Great Emblem?
Authors: Bohaievskyi Yurii
Published: March 2020

This article is focused on the fact that independent Ukraine still does not have the Big State Emblem as its major national symbol. Since December 2015, President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko has signed Decree No 675/2015, which referred to the need to properly cover the history of state symbols. Therefore, the authors remind that by its decision on February 19, 1992 Verkhovna Rada (Parliament) of Ukraine had approved only a Trident as a temporary small state attribute and as the main element of the future Big State Emblem. However, the obligation to complete “in the near time period” the formation of state symbols has been delayed for various reasons. This one is a very important and urgent issue that has to be solved. Recent political events that are taking place in our country such as elections, reforms, roads, tranches, the constant fight against corruption, Russian aggression, rapprochement with the European Union and NATO do not allow to complete the formation of state symbols. There is the National Flag and the National Anthem, but there is no real, full-fledged emblem. This question is also of interest to foreign Ukrainians, who have done a great deal to ensure that the historical symbols of the nation are not lost but preserved in the memory of generations.
Meanwhile, more than 200 patterns of the Big State Emblem designed by Ukrainian specialists in heraldry are covered with dust in the Central State Archives of Supreme Organs of Power and Administration.
According to the authors of the article, the fact that the big emblem has not been in Ukrainian political space for quite a long time does not contribute to strengthening, consolidation and unity of the whole Ukrainian society and indicates the incompleteness of Ukraine as an independent state.
Keywords: national emblem, national symbol, Ukraine, independence, Trident, heraldic sign, Central State Archive.
Ukraine Shall Make Itself Known to the World
Authors: Jacobs Luc
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The interview with Luc Jacobs, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Kingdom of Belgium to Ukraine, familiarises us with his account of the modern state of bilateral relations between Ukraine and Belgium. The article runs about prospective areas of activity in the course of the Ambassador’s tenure, potentially attractive fields for Belgian investors who need development in Ukraine, and implementation of new initiatives. The article describes, inter alia, the cooperation between seaports of Belgium and Ukraine. Belgium is interested in further strengthening its cooperation with Ukraine in the mutually promising realm of sea transport. Success of Ukrainian exports depends on success of Belgian seaports, since Belgium is a bridge between Ukrainian goods and Europe. The signature of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU gave impetus for strengthening such cooperation.
The Ambassador paid attention to the fact that the Embassy of Belgium to Ukraine maintains contacts with the Ukrainian diaspora in Belgium. Though small, it has a significant influence on public opinion, protects interests of its fellow citizens, spreads patriotic concepts abroad, and collaborates with Belgian non-governmental organisations operating in Ukraine.
The Ambassador of Belgium portrays Ukrainians in a sympathetic light. The Ukrainian nation cherishes ancient traditions and discovers modern art schools. Ukrainians are fond of art and ready for experiments. The number of art galleries and exhibitions in Ukraine impresses, the concert halls and theatres are always full, and the spectators always honour people of art. The Ambassador is astonished and glad how many facts Ukrainians know about Belgium and at their desire to find out more about the state and its capital. The Ambassador is proud to have been here and support Ukraine at a critical juncture of its national development that, however, came at a high price.
Keywords: the Kingdom of Belgium, Ukraine, nation, Ukrainian diaspora, bilateral relations, Belgian investors.
Open Door Policy
Authors: Dumbadze Gela
Published: March 2020

The interview of Gela Dumbadze, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Georgia to Ukraine, offers un account of the cooperation mechanisms between Ukraine and Georgia, various spheres for cooperation, and bilateral relations, which often recede from view but have great potential. The example of such interaction is exchange between the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia. In practice, this cooperation is embodied in intensive communication between representatives of governmental institutions and information exchange. The Embassy exerts major efforts to maintain this dialogue on a permanent basis. It is planned, inter alia, to form a basis for the recognition of driving licenses between Ukraine and Georgia. Crime prevention is also a crucial matter.
The Ambassador has worked in different countries for a long time, thus the interview is devoted to the 20th anniversary of his diplomatic service and the path of Gela Dumbadze as a diplomat.
The trace of Georgian culture in Ukraine is quite noticeable thanks to the vibrant Georgian diaspora, dances, and cuisine. The Embassy always supports all the initiatives, organises many events, facilitates the organisation and holding of festivals. The Ambassador also emphasises that the main feature of each nation is sincerity and spiritual amity, and that Georgians are always glad to welcome Ukrainians. The Ambassador calls for appreciation and preservation of friendly relations, taking interest in history, culture. The good examples of strengthening of cultural exchange is commemoration of the geniuses of Ukrainian and Georgian nations.
The interview also touched on the family matter, since the Ambassador’s wife was born in Ukraine. They have been together for 30 years. According to the Ambassador, family means a lot both for both Georgians and Ukrainians. Where a family has strong traditions, there is always a sound foundation for a state and development. Family is decisive in the formation of personality.
The Ambassador wraps up with expressing his gratitude to the Directorate-General for Rendering Services to Diplomatic Missions for the facilitation of activities of the diplomatic corps.
Keywords: Georgia, cultural exchange, Ukraine, diplomatic service, Georgian diaspora, interaction.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SENYAWA PIRAZOLIN 3-(2- METOKSI-FENIL)-5-NAFTALEN-1-IL-4,5-DIHIDRO-1H-PIRAZOL
Authors: Nurlaili - , Jasril - , Teruna Hilwan Yuda
Published: March 2020

Pyrazoline compounds are reported to have many useful biological activities such as antimicrobials, antihyperglycemia, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anticonvulsants. The pyrazoline analogues of 3- (2-methoxy-phenyl) -5-naphthalene-1-yl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol were synthesized usingglacial acetic acid as catalyst and assisted by microwave irradiation. The structures of the compounds were obtainedby UV, IR and HRMS spectroscopy data. Antioxidant activity test using DPPH method showed that pyrazoline compound had IC50 value of 27.41 μg/mL.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK TEH HERBAL CAMPURAN DAGING BUAH PARE (MOMORDICA CHARANTIA L.) DAN KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus Lemairei (HOOK.) BRITTON & ROSE)
Authors: Sudarsi Yulisma , Nst Musyirna Rahmah
Published: March 2020

Herbal tea is a herbal mixture made from flowers, leaves, seeds and or roots of various plants. Some of herbal tea consumed for adds energizing, help relaxation, overcome digestive problems and also strengthen the immune system. Research on antioxidant activity and organoleptic characteristic mixflesh of bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia L.) and red dragon fruit skin (Hylocereus lemairei (Hook.) britton & rose) herbal tea has been done. The objective of this research was to make a herbal tea formulation that has a high antioxidant activity and is preferred from a mixture of bitter melon fruitand red dragon fruit skin that has been dried at 50-60°C. The antioxidant activity were measured by free radical scavenging method with DPPH; whereas organoleptic test was measured by hedonik method. The results of 5 formulas indicate that antioxidant activity is the highest in FIII formula that has the most content of bitter melon fruit. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Tukey method at 99% confidence level. The herbal tea formulation of a coarse powder mixture of 1.75 g of bitter melon fruit and a coarse powder of 0.25 g red dragon fruit showed the highest antioxidant activity with percent inhibition of 98,249% and preferably with the likes after adding 30 mL of honey.
PERILAKU SISWA TENTANG KESEHATAN GIGI DI SD NEGERI 005 GUNUNG MALELO KOTO KAMPAR HULU TAHUN 2017
Authors: Roza Andalia , Ervani - , Fitri Ainil
Published: March 2020

Dental hygiene in children is an important factor that should be considered as early as possible, because tooth decay that occurs at the age of children, can affect the growth of teeth at the next age.The purpose of this research is to know the description of student's behavior about dental health at SD Negeri 005Gunung Malelo Koto Kampar Hulu Year 2017. The population in this study are students of Class IV and V which amounted to 78 people. The sampling technique used in this study is total sampling with a sample size of 78 people. Data collection is done by distributing questionnaires and then processed withediting, coding, data entry, tabulating, cleaning and then analyzed by univariate analysis. The result of the research shows that the students' knowledge about dental health mostly have enough knowledge of 35 people (44,9%), student attitude about dental health majority have positive attitude as much 40 people(51,3%), and student's action about majority dental health ever As many as 52 people (66.7%). It is expected that the State Elementary School 005 Gunung Malelo Koto Kampar Hulu in order to continue the socialization and continuous health education to the students about dental health.
HERITAGE BUILDINGS AS A CONTRIBUTION TO THE CONTEMPORARY CITY: THE RELOCATION OF BRAGA’S DISTRICT ARCHIVE
Authors: Silva João Pedro , Mendonça Paulo , Ramísio Paulo J.
Published: March 2020

This paper reflects on the ability to adapt buildings with relevant heritage and historical value to different uses and functions. A case study is presented: The relocation of Braga’s District Archive from the former Archbishop’s Palace in Largo do Paço, a building dating back to the XIVth century confined within the Historical Center’s buffer zone, into a modernist building located in Abade Loureira street, North of the original complex and outside the medieval walled city.

The methodological approach and the processes associated with the intervention are presented according to the analysis of the proposed program, rather than by the formal and symbolic features of the building itself.

Extensive in-situ surveys took place at the two buildings, comparing both the present and the proposed solution. Based on this analysis, the Program’s adequacy is discussed, displaying the advantages and disadvantages of this change and how it may affect the mission of the District Archive.
On the Energetics of a Possible Relativistic Jet Associated with the Binary Neutron Star Merger Candidate S190425z
Authors: Saleem M. , Resmi L. , Arun K. G. , Mohan S.
Published: March 2020

Advanced LIGO and Virgo (AdvLIGO/VIRGO) detectors reported the first binary neutron star merger candidate in the third observing run, S190425z , on 2019 April 25. A weak γ-ray excess was reported nearly coincidentally by the INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) satellite, which accidentally covered the entire localization region of AdvLIGO/VIRGO. Electromagnetic follow-up in longer wavelengths  has not lead to the detection of any associated counterparts. Here we combine the available information from gravitational wave measurements and upper limits of fluence from INTEGRAL to show that the observations are completely consistent with a relativistic Gaussian structured jet and a typical short duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) being produced in the merger.  We obtain posterior bounds on the on-axis isotropic equivalent energy of the associated GRB under different prior distributions. This study demonstrates that even limited gravitational wave and electromagnetic information could be combined to produce valuable insights about outflows from mergers. Future follow-ups may help constrain the jet structure further, especially if there is an orphan afterglow detection associated with the candidate.
Velocity Dispersions of Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Their Host Clusters
Authors: Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Diaferio Antonaldo , Rines Kenneth J.
Published: March 2020

We explore connections between brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) and their host clusters. We first construct a HeCS-omnibus cluster sample including 227 galaxy clusters within 0.02 < z < 0.30; the total number of spectroscopic members from MMT/Hectospec and SDSS observations is 52325. Taking advantage of the large spectroscopic sample, we compute physical properties of the clusters including the dynamical mass and cluster velocity dispersion (σ
cl). We also measure the central stellar velocity dispersion of the BCGs (

) to examine the relation between BCG velocity dispersion and cluster velocity dispersion for the first time. The observed relation between BCG velocity dispersion and the cluster velocity dispersion is remarkably tight. Interestingly, the

ratio decreases as a function of σ
cl unlike the prediction from the numerical simulation of Dolag et al. The trend in

suggests that BCG formation is more efficient in lower mass halos.
Inverse First Ionization Potential Effects in Giant Solar Flares Found from Earth X-Ray Albedo with Suzaku/XIS
Authors: Katsuda Satoru , Ohno Masanori , Mori Koji , Beppu Tatsuhiko , Kanemaru Yoshiaki , Tashiro Makoto S. , Terada Yukikatsu , Sato Kosuke , Morita Kae , Sagara Hikari , Ogawa Futa , Takahashi Haruya , Murakami Hiroshi , Nobukawa Masayoshi , Tsunemi Hiroshi , Hayashida Kiyoshi , Matsumoto Hironori , Noda Hirofumi , Nakajima Hiroshi , Ezoe Yuichiro , Tsuboi Yohko , Maeda Yoshitomo , Yokoyama Takaaki , Narukage Noriyuki
Published: March 2020

We report X-ray spectroscopic results for four giant solar flares that occurred on 2005 September 7 (X17.0), 2005 September 8 (X5.4), 2005 September 9 (X6.2), and 2006 December 5 (X9.0), obtained from Earth albedo data with the X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) on board Suzaku. The good energy resolution of the XIS (FWHM ∼ 100 eV) enables us to separate a number of line-like features and detect the underlying continuum emission. These features include Si Heα, Si Lyα, S Heα, S Lyα, Ar Heα, and Ca Heα originating from solar flares as well as fluorescent Ar Kα and Ar Kβ from the Earth’s atmosphere. Absolute elemental abundances (X/H) averaged over the four flares are obtained to be ∼2.0 (Ca), ∼0.7 (Si), ∼0.3 (S), and ∼0.9 (Ar) at around flare peaks. This abundance pattern is similar to those of active stars’ coronae showing inverse first ionization potential (i-FIP) effects, i.e., elemental abundances decrease with decreasing FIP with a turnover at the low end of the FIP. The abundances are almost constant during the flares, with the exception of Si which increases by a factor of ∼2 in the decay phase. The evolution of the Si abundance is consistent with the finding that the i-FIP plasma originates from chromospheric evaporation and then mixes with the surrounding low-FIP biased materials. Flare-to-flare abundance varied by a factor of two, agreeing with past observations of solar flares. Finally, we emphasize that Earth albedo data acquired by X-ray astronomy satellites like Suzaku and the X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy Mission can significantly contribute to studies of solar physics.
Asymmetries and Broadenings of Spectral Lines in Strongly Charged Iron Produced during Solar Flares
Authors: Mandage Revati S. , Bradshaw Stephen J.
Published: March 2020

Spatially resolved spectroscopic observations show wing enhancements and broadening in extreme ultraviolet emission lines, particularly in hot iron lines. Various explanations ranging from plasma turbulence and magnetic perturbations, to nonthermal ion populations and multiple flows in unresolved structures have been proposed. In this work, we revisit the role of single loop plasma dynamics in spectral line shape by reproducing the wing enhancements of Fe xxiii and xxiv observed during a C-class solar flare using a single loop hydrodynamic model. We also run simulations with different loop lengths and the same beam parameters to investigate the role of loop length in line broadening and asymmetry. We find that the single loop model successfully reproduces line asymmetries and the loop length plays an important role in explaining some of the key observations such as the positive correlation between the Doppler shifts and line width, and broad but symmetric hot Fe lines.
Temporal Evolution of the Inverse Evershed Flow
Authors: Beck C. , Choudhary D. P.
Published: March 2020

The inverse Evershed flow (IEF) is an inflow of material into the penumbra of sunspots in the solar chromosphere that occurs along dark, elongated super-penumbral fibrils extending from about the outer edge of the moat cell to the sunspot. The IEF channels exhibit brightenings in the penumbra, where the supersonic IEF descends to the photosphere causing shock fronts with localized heating. We used an 1 hr time series of spectroscopic observations of the chromospheric spectral lines of Ca ii IR at 854 nm and Hα at 656 nm taken with the Interferometric Bidimensional Spectrometer at the Dunn Solar Telescope to investigate the temporal evolution of IEF channels. Complementary information on the photospheric magnetic field was obtained from observations with the Facility Infrared Spectropolarimeter at 1083 nm and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager. We find that individual IEF channels are long-lived (10–60 minutes) and only show minor changes in position and flow speed during their lifetime. Initiation and termination of IEF channels takes several minutes. The IEF channels with line-of-sight velocities of about 10 km s−1 show no lasting impact from transient or oscillatory phenomena with maximal velocity amplitudes of only about 1 km s−1 that run along them. We could not detect any clear correlation of the location and evolution of IEF channels to local magnetic field properties in the photosphere in the penumbra or moving magnetic features in the sunspot moat. Our results support a picture of the IEF as a field-aligned siphon flow along arched loops. From our data we cannot determine if their evolution is controlled by events at the outer end in the moat or at the inner end in the penumbra.
Betelgeuse Just Is Not That Cool: Effective Temperature Alone Cannot Explain the Recent Dimming of Betelgeuse
Authors: Levesque Emily M. , Massey Philip
Published: March 2020

We present optical spectrophotometry of the red supergiant (RSG) Betelgeuse from 2020 February 15, during its recent unprecedented dimming episode. By comparing this spectrum to stellar atmosphere models for cool supergiants, as well as spectrophotometry of other Milky Way RSGs, we conclude that Betelgeuse has a current effective temperature of 3600 ± 25 K. While this is slightly cooler than previous measurements taken prior to Betelgeuse’s recent lightcurve evolution, this drop in effective temperature is insufficient to explain Betelgeuse’s recent optical dimming. We propose that episodic mass loss and an increase in the amount of large-grain circumstellar dust along our sightline to Betelgeuse is the most likely explanation for its recent photometric evolution.
An updated annotated checklist of scale insects (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccomorpha) of Poland
Authors: Łagowska Bożena , Golan Katarzyna
Published: March 2020

A checklist of scale insects recorded to date in Poland is presented. The data provided here are based on literature records and include the latest taxonomic and nomenclatural changes and updates on Coccomorpha reported in Poland. Changes in comparison with ScaleNet and Fauna Europaea electronic databases are also discussed. A total of 185 species belonging to 98 genera and 16 families are included in the list. Of this group, 47 species are alien introduced species and live only indoors, and one species, Pulvinaria floccifera (Westwood), develops both indoors and outdoors.
An Analysis of the Intention of Consumers to Adopt Branded Mobile Applications in South Africa
Authors: Minnaar Pierre , Mototo Lebogang , Chuchu Tinashe
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the study was to conduct an empirical research on adoption of the technology acceptance model on investigating consumers’    intention to-wards the acceptance of branded mobile applications in South  Africa. The study was quantitative in nature where 255 participants were  utilised for data collection. To analyse the data structural equation modeling approach us-ing SPSS 24 and Amos 24 was conducted. Key findings were that the per-ceived usefulness of mobile phone applications and their enjoyment had direct and significant impact of consumer attitudes towards the adoption of those mobile applications. The implications of these key findings were that for mo-bile applications to be adopted in South Africa marketer have to find the best possible ways of making mobile applications user friendly and  convenient whether be it for commerce or entertainment purposes.
The Devices of the Internet of Things Based on the Recognition of Handwriting Words with Mobile Assisted
Authors: Shakah Ghazi Hussein
Published: March 2020

At the moment, all observed forms of communication are reduced either to a person-to-person scheme or person-to-device. But the Internet of Things (IoT) offers us a tremendous Internet future, in which will appear the communication type machine-machine (M2M). This makes it possible to integrate all communications into a common infrastructure, allowing not only to manage everything that is around us but also providing information about the state of these things. The purpose of this paper is to create the client part of the client-server system for remote control of home appliances using cloud services through commands entered using handwritten words. For this, we develop algorithms and methods for handwriting recognition using neural networks and implement a mobile application on the Android platform, which allows remote control of devices via cloud services based on commands entered using handwritten words. Anyway, this article will give a good understanding to other researchers who want to start their research on the IoT and will contribute to the effective accumulation of knowledge.
Smart Shopping System with RFID Technology Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Hussien Naseer Ali , Alsaidi Saif Abd alradha , Ajlan Iman Kadhim , Mohamed Firdhous Mohamed Fazil , Alrikabi Haider TH. Salim
Published: March 2020

The Internet of Things (IoT) incorporates most extensive number of innovations and imagines a mixture of things or questions around us that, through one of a kind tending to plans and standard correspondence conventions, consume the ability to connect through one another's also collaborate by their neighbors in the direction of attain regular purposes. The misuse of such a standard has been broadly explored in Internet-related investigates. As a result, a few plans have been suggested that utilization informal organizations to hunt Internet assets, to course activity, or to choose powerful strategies for substance dissemination. The essential understood this knowledge remains persistent locality everywhere us as a diverse carrier of things or articles – i.e. Radio-Frequency identification (RFID) sensors, labels, cellular telephones, actuators, and more – that finished novel inclining to ideas, consume the ability to subordinate through one another besides chip in through their neighbors to realize normal objectives of shopping situation in business sector. Web of Things (IoT) overpowered standard imperfection for structure code, which backing to shopping in business sector or undertaking gathering of most prominent concern and examinant.

 
Intrinsic Prey Preference and Selection of the Giant Gartersnake: A Threatened Predator in a Nonnative Prey-Dominated Community
Authors: Ersan Julia S.M. , Halstead Brian J. , Wildy Erica L. , Casazza Michael L. , Wylie Glenn D.
Published: March 2020

The introduction of exotic species into an environment can introduce great change in the trophic dynamics of native species. This is of even greater concern if the native species is of conservation concern. The giant gartersnake, Thamnophis gigas, an endemic predator of the Central Valley of California and a species of conservation concern at the state and federal levels, has declined as a result of conversion of its once vast wetland habitat to agriculture. Another anthropogenic factor contributing to this snake's changing ecology is the introduction of nonnative prey into the species' habitats. These introductions have resulted in a prey community that is almost completely composed of exotic species and have potential for considerable effects. In order to assess prey preference and selection we performed three sets of behavioral trials on naïve neonates. We examined 1) neonate prey preference in response to olfactory cues of prepared prey extracts, 2) neonate consumption of different live prey items presented simultaneously; and 3) terrestrial feeding behavior and/or latency to successful attack. Results from the olfactory study suggest that native Sierran treefrogs, Pseudacris sierra, are preferred by neonates. Results from consumption trials suggest that neonates are more likely to select frog species than fish species. This is the first study that we are aware of that examines prey selection of this threatened species and serves to inform its conservation and management.
Potential Impacts of Future Urbanization and Sea Level Rise on Florida's Natural Resources
Authors: Romañach Stephanie S. , Benscoter Allison M. , Haider Saira M.
Published: March 2020

As urban development continues to encroach into natural systems, these ecosystems experience increasing degradation to their form and function. Changing climatic conditions further compound the losses in biodiversity and ecosystem function. The state of Florida is known for its biodiversity but has experienced declines in species populations and habitats because of urbanization and sea level rise. Because Florida benefits from a multibillion-dollar income from natural resources tourism, these declines challenge the state's economy. In this study, we assessed the potential future impacts of urbanization and sea level rise on a suite of conservation targets that have been set for the state. We developed six scenarios of all combinations of intermediate and high sea level rise paired with two types of urbanization, sprawling and compact, in both 2040 and 2070 to examine the potential future threats to conservation targets in High Pine and Scrub, Coastal Uplands, and Freshwater Aquatics ecosystems. Our results show projected decreases in extent and area of these priority ecosystems into the future. Under Florida's current trends in urbanization practices, projections indicate a greater impact on conservation targets than if sprawl reduction practices are implemented. Projections indicate that Coastal Uplands will experience the greatest loss in area, at up to 47%. Conservation-focused urban planning and climate adaptation strategies can help protect Florida's natural resources with benefits to Florida's tourism economy as well as critical ecosystem functions and services such as coastal flood protection and storm surge risk reduction.
Militantes clandestines dans le conflit armé basque
Authors: Lafaye Caroline Guibet
Published: March 2020

Les travaux scientifiques sur l’engagement féminin au sein d’organisations basques dites terroristes sont rares. Grâce à une enquête empirique qualitative, nous avons pu préciser les fonctions assumées par les femmes au sein d’Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) et Iparretarrak (IK) ainsi que leur rapport à la violence. L’échantillon permet d’analyser les différentes modalités d’entrée dans les organisations clandestines selon les générations. Les données empiriques contribuent à récuser les stéréotypes de genre souvent convoqués pour expliquer la participation des femmes à des entreprises illégales. Ainsi, à partir des années 1980, les modalités d’incorporation des femmes et leur rôle au sein d’ETA en particulier ne se distinguent pas de celles des hommes. En ce sens, le genre ne semble pas incarner une catégorie pertinente pour expliquer les trajectoires individuelles d’engagement des femmes dans certaines organisations clandestines illégales comme ETA, IK.
Effect of Blowing Agent to the Dielectric Properties of Polyurethane-Empty Fruit Bunch Composite in X-Band Frequency
Authors: Syed Mahmud Syarifah Norsuhaila , Jusoh Mohamad Ashry , Yeow You Kok , Esa Fahmiruddin
Published: March 2020

Nowadays, the usage of blowing agent in polyurethane preparation has been an essential enhance the characterization of polymers or composites material. The use of blowing agent may affect the properties of the materials and directly alter the performance of resulting product. In this paper, the effect of a blowing agent on dielectric properties of palm oil-based polyurethane (POlyOP) have been studied. The palm oil-based polyurethane ( POlyOP) has been prepared using the presence of water act as a blowing agent and tegostab 8486 act as a surfactant. The Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) was used in the composite as filler. The dielectric constant and loss factor analysis in this study was carried out by Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) at x-band frequency using Nicholson-Ross-Weir (NRW) technique. The dielectric study of PolyOP composite showed that the presence of blowing agent in composite enhance the value of dielectric properties of composite at x-band frequencies.
Real-Time Cytotoxicity Assay of Water Extracts Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Authors: Bakar Nur Husnina Iffah , Lee Thong Chuan , Mohd-Hairul Ab. Rahim , Raus Raha Ahmad , Basri Dayang Fredalina , Adzahar Noor Suhana
Published: March 2020

A real-time impedance-based electrochemistry assay was used for assessing the cytotoxicity effect of water extract Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis on Vero cell line. In this study, H. rosa-sinensis was extracted by using the water extraction with three different concentration which were 200, 100 and 50 µg/mL. The phytochemical compounds in the extract were analyzed by using the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC-MS result showed that the extract contains bioactive compounds such as n-hexadecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) and octadecanoic acid that have bioactive properties such as cytotoxic and antioxidant. The cytotoxic effect of the extract on normal cell line was assessed by using Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) instrument. The result showed that there was no significant cytotoxicity effect against Vero cell lines. This result showed that the real-time impedance-based assay can be utilized to monitor changes of the cells and to determine the inhibitory concentration of the extract.
Characterisations of Probiotic Lactobacillus Strains by Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA)
Authors: Mei Lee Chin , Chin Sieo Chin , Abdullah Norhani , Wan Ho Yin
Published: March 2020

Twelve probiotic Lactobacillus strains for poultry were characterised by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) using Sau3AI, TaqI, HaeIII and AluI restriction endonucleases. Species-specific and strain-specific restriction patterns were observed from the bacterial strains. Numerical analysis of composite analysis of ARDRA exhibited D value of 0.8456. Whereas, the caculated D values of ARDRA patterns generated by Sau3AI, TaqI, HaeIII and AluI were 0.8309, 0.8382,0.8088 and 0.8088, repectively. Composite analysis of ARDRA was the most discriminative method when compared to the individual analysis. ARDRA could distinguished L. reuteri C 10 and L. panis C 17 into single strains. The 16S rRNA gene restriction patterns were also able to group L. gallinarum I 16 and I 26 into single strains. Lactobacillus brevis I 12, I 23, I 25, I 211 and I 218 seem to be multiple clones of the same bacterial strain as are L. reuteri C 1 and C 16. ARDRA is a valuable fingerprinting method to discriminate probiotic Lactobacillus strains.