bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calidad fisiológica y energía de germinación de semillas de balsamina (Momordica charantia L.)
Authors: Barraza A. Fernando , Benavides B. Orlando , Torres M. Francisco
Published: October 2016

Las semillas de balsamina presentan dificultad en la germinación debido a la testa gruesa y dura que rodea al embrión. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto que tiene la imbibición de semillas de balsamina en agua sobre la energía de germinación, velocidad absoluta de germinación e índice de germinación. Se utilizó diseño experimental completamente al azar con tres tratamientos: T0 (control, sin imbibición en agua), T1 (semillas embebidas en agua a 22°C durante 24 horas) y T2 (semillas embebidas en agua a 50°C durante 60 minutos). El tratamiento T1 se recomienda respecto a los otros tratamientos porque mejoró la energía de germinación (48%), tasa absoluta de germinación (8,6 semillas∙día-1) e índice de germinación (11,5).
Salud electrónica para el autocuidado de pacientes con factores de riesgo asociados al síndrome metabólico
Authors: Vélez Álvarez Consuelo , Vidarte Claros José Armando , Álvarez Rosero Rosa Elvira , García Navarro Jully Andrea
Published: October 2016

ResumenEl propósito de esta revisión, es identificar la evidencia científica sobre el uso de estrategias de salud electrónica en las intervenciones dirigidas a mejorar el autocuidado de pacientes con factores de riesgo cardiovascular asociado con la presencia de síndrome metabólico. Los artículos analizados fueron identificados en las bases de datos PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, Elsevier, Scielo, Adicional a esto se revisaron publicaciones estadísticas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, La Federación Internacional de Diabetes, Guía de Síndrome Metabólico 2009 y ICT Facts and Figures World in 2013. Se tuvieron en cuenta 51 publicaciones realizadas entre los años 2009 y 2015, encontrándose mayor información en la intervención basada en el control del sobrepeso y la obesidad, como principal factor de riesgo para el desarrollo del síndrome metabólico. La evidencia encontrada en la literatura científica muestra la utilidad de la salud electrónica en el manejo de los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares asociados al síndrome metabólico, y el impacto de esta en la calidad de vida cuando son aplicadas con un adecuado protocolo.  AbstractThe purpose of this review is to identify the scientific evidence on the use of electronic health strategies in interventions aimed at improving self-care of patients with cardiovascular risk factors associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome. The articles analyzed were identified in the databases PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, Elsevier and Scielo. In addition, statistical publications from the World Health Organization, the International Diabetes Federation, Metabolic Syndrome Guide 2009 and ICT Facts and Figures World in 2013 were reviewed. 51 publications between the years 2009 and 2015 were considered, where there were more information about the intervention based on the control of overweight and obesity as a major risk factor for the development of the metabolic syndrome. The evidence found in the scientific literature shows the usefulness of e-health in the management of cardiovascular risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome, and its impact on the quality of life when they are applied with a suitable protocol.
Violencia basada en género dentro del contexto universitario: Visión de los administrativos, 2013-2015
Authors: González-Gómez María Patricia , Zutta-Arellano Dorian , Perugache-Rodríguez Adriana
Published: October 2016

Introducción: Estudiar el tema de la violencia basada en género en el contexto universitario representa un reto, dado que se considera más en el ámbito privado y no se visibiliza en lo público, además es naturalizado por la cultura. Objetivo: Comprender el fenómeno de la violencia basada en género desde la visión de los administrativos en una Institución de Educación Superior. Materiales y métodos: Estudio basado en el paradigma cualitativo con enfoque de Investigación-Acción. Como técnicas se emplearon: entrevista a informantes clave, observación participante, grupo focal y taller. Resultados: El conocimiento sobre la Violencia Basada en Género es superficial, los tipos de violencia más reconocidos fueron la violencia sexual y la psicológica, se reconoce naturalización del fenómeno en la institución y; frecuentemente se aduce que la falta de reacción mostrada por quienes la viven u observan, ocurre como resultado del miedo a represalias. Conclusiones: La visibilización del problema ayudó a comprender las directrices de un fenómeno como la violencia basada en género, que debe orientarse en múltiples escenarios académicos e institucionales y con diversas estrategias que conjuntamente orientadas pueden generar un impacto significativo.AbstractIntroduction: To study the issue of gender-based violence (GBV) in the university context is a challenge, since it is considered more in the private sphere, it is not dealt openly in public and it is naturalized by culture. Objective: Understand the phenomenon of GBV from the perspective of the administration in an institution of higher education. Materials and methods: A study based on the qualitative paradigm with action research approach was conducted. The adopted techniques were; interviews with key informants, participant observation, focus group and interventional workshop. Results: The knowledge of administrative workers on GBV is superficial. However, the types of violence more recognized were sexual and psychological violence. The naturalization of the phenomenon in the institution was recognized and it was often argued that the lack of reaction shown by those who live or observe this type of violence occurs as a result of the fear of reprisals. Conclusions: The visibility of the problem helped to understand the guidelines of a phenomenon such as gender-based violence, which should be directed in many academic and institutional scenarios and with various strategies that jointly oriented can generate a significant impact.
Implicaciones familiares y sociales de la muerte materna
Authors: Lozano-Avendaño Leidy , Bohórquez-Ortiz Alix Zoraida , Zambrano-Plata Gloria Esperanza
Published: October 2016

ResumenIntroducción: La mortalidad materna es considerada un indicador sensible al desarrollo social, porque muchas de estas muertes ocurren por razones evitables, vinculadas a condiciones de pobreza. Hay datos estadísticos sobre el número de muertes maternas a nivel internacional y local, que resaltan la magnitud del problema, así como el conocimiento científico de las causas de estos fallecimientos; pero escasa información publicada sobre el impacto familiar y el desequilibrio que se produce cuando ocurre una muerte materna, situación que trae consigo desconocimiento sobre la real situación de los hijos huérfanos y la familia. Objetivo: Conocer las implicaciones familiares y sociales de la muerte materna a través de la revisión sistemática de la literatura científica publicada. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos incluidas en los servicios LILACS, ProQuest, MEDLINE y en la biblioteca virtual de salud SciELO. La muestra final fue de 20 artículos. Resultados: Los estudios mostraron que la pérdida inesperada de la madre genera consecuencias emocionales, económicas y de salud en todos los miembros del hogar. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos indican que esta problemática debe ser abordada de manera integral con el fin de mitigar el impacto que genera la muerte materna. AbstractIntroduction: Maternal mortality is considered a sensitive indicator of social development, as many of these deaths occur for preventable reasons, linked to poverty. There is statistical data on the number of internationally and locally maternal deaths, which highlights the magnitude of the problem as well as the scientific knowledge of the causes of these deaths; but there is limited published information on the family impact and imbalance that occurs when a maternal death occurs, which leads to lack of knowledge about the real situation of orphaned children and family. Objective: To know the family and social implications of maternal death through a systematic review of the published scientific literature. Materials and methods: A search in the databases including LILACS, PROQUEST, MEDLINE services and virtual health library SCIELO was conducted. The final sample consisted of 20 articles. Results: The studies showed that the unexpected loss of the mother generates emotional, economic and health consequences for all household members. Conclusions: The findings indicate that this problem must be addressed comprehensively in order to mitigate the impact generated by maternal death.
Los incentivos y actores de los Sistemas de Salud de Costa Rica, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Chile y Ecuador - 2015
Authors: Camargo-García Samantha Carolina , Cortés-Bermeo Aura Maritza , Abreu-Flechas Andrea Katherine , Suárez-Rativa Manuel Eliecer , Jiménez-Barbosa Wilson Giovanni
Published: October 2016

ResumenAnte los diferentes sistemas de salud propuestos en cada país surge la necesidad de analizar la participación de cada uno de los elementos que lo componen. Este análisis se realiza con el fin de identificar y analizar los actores que intervienen en los sistemas de salud, especialmente, el uso de incentivos y la relación intersectorial que entre estos existe. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo descriptivo, mediante una revisión bibliográfica de los sistemas implementados en Costa Rica, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Chile y Ecuador. Se tuvieron en cuenta dos factores: el sistema de salud, definido por la Organización Mundial de la Salud como la suma de todas las organizaciones, instituciones y recursos empleados, cuyo objetivo consiste en mejorar la salud. El segundo, los incentivos, que brindan una motivación a los trabajadores, mejorando sus expectativas frente al trabajo y la manera de ejecutarlo, favoreciendo el cumplimiento de metas establecidas por las empresas. Como resultado, se encontró que en los sistemas de salud expuestos, si bien existen similitudes en relación con su desarrollo e implementación, también hay profundas diferencias, en especial, en la participación de actores públicos y privados. Conclusión: los incentivos existentes en los sistemas de salud estudiados no tienen un enfoque estratégico que articule a los actores en pro de la salud y el bienestar de la población. AbstractBefore the different systems of health proposed in every country there arises the need to analyze the participation of each one of the elements that compose it. This analysis is realized in order identify and to analyze the actors who intervene in the systems of health, especially, the use of incentives and the intersectorial relation that between these exists. For it, there was carried out a qualitative descriptive study, by means of a bibliographical review of the systems implemented in Costa Rica, The United States, Canada, Chile and Ecuador. Two factors were born in mind: the system of health, defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) like the sum of all the organizations, institutions and used resources, which aim consists of improving the health. The second one, the incentives, that offer a motivation to the workers, improving his expectations opposite to the work and the way of executing it, favoring the fulfillment of goals established by the companies. As result, one found that, in the systems of health exposed, though similarities exist in relation with his development and implementation, also there are deep differences, especially, in the participation of public and private actors. Conclusion, incentives in health care systems do not have strategic perspective so that there are many problems to obtain wellbeing for all citizens.
Humanización de la calidad en la atención clínica en salud desde la perspectiva centrada en el paciente a partir de la Resolución 13437 de 1991
Authors: Santacruz-Bravo Julián Darío
Published: October 2016

La humanización versus deshumanización de la calidad de la atención clínica en los servicios de salud, ha llamado la atención de todos los sectores de la sociedad colombiana en los últimos años. La falta de sensibilización frente a los procesos sociales, que incluyen un adecuado tratamiento de los procedimientos en salud, infiere la presencia de algunos elementos que atentan contra la calidad de vida de los usuarios. Este artículo busca interpretar hasta qué punto los derechos de los enfermos, tal como están concebidos, responden fielmente con la recuperación de la salud, y con ella, la humanización del servicio. Los primeros hallazgos de esta investigación demuestran cada vez más la insuficiencia de un modelo de calidad en la atención enfocado en el persona como proceso, por otro lado, el usuario de la salud sigue siendo entendido como un organismo enfermo, aislado, un cuerpo desprovisto de su singularidad y restringido al conocimiento técnico-científico que rodea la experiencia clínica lo que lo aleja cada vez mas de sus derechos fundamentales en el marco de una democratización de la salud. En conclusión, hablar de humanización en la calidad de la atención clínica en salud, es poner toda la producción de sus servicios al alcance de la mano de los pacientes, y no al contrario, recuperar la dignidad humana, no es otra cosa que, concentrar todos los esfuerzos en el sujeto del paciente y no en su exterior. Abstract The humanization versus dehumanization of the clinical care quality in the health services has attracted the attention of all sectors of Colombian society in recent years. The lack of awareness of social processes, which include a suitable treatment procedures in health infers the presence of some elements that threaten the quality of life of the users. This article seeks to interpret to what extent the rights of ill people, as they are designed, respond faithfully with the recovery of health, and with it, the humanization of the service. The first findings of this research show increasingly the inadequacy of a model of quality of care focused on the person as a process; on the other hand, the user of health is still being understood as an ill organism, a body devoid of its uniqueness, isolated and restricted to the technical and scientific knowledge that surrounds clinical experience, which every time takes the patient away from his or her fundamental rights in the framework of a democratization of health. In conclusion, to talk about humanizing the clinical care quality in health is to put the entire production of its services to the fingertips of the patients, and not the opposite; restoring human dignity is nothing more than concentrating all efforts on the subject and not on the outside of the patient.
Disrupted Tactile Acuity in People With Achilles Tendinopathy: A Preliminary Case-Control Investigation
Authors: Debenham James , Butler Prue , Mallows Adrian , Wand Benedict M.
Published: October 2016

Study Design

Controlled laboratory study, preliminary case-control design.

Background

The mechanisms that contribute to Achilles tendinopathy remain poorly understood. The disparity between pain experience and peripheral pathology demonstrated in patients with Achilles tendinopathy suggests that changes in central nervous system function may be involved.

Objectives

To investigate whether lower-limb tactile acuity is impaired in people with nonacute Achilles tendinopathy.

Methods

Thirteen consecutive participants with nonacute midportion Achilles tendinopathy and 13 healthy controls were enrolled. Two-point discrimination thresholds over the affected Achilles tendon, unaffected tendon, and tendon of healthy controls were evaluated. Independent and dependent t tests were used to compare group means.

Results

Two-point discrimination distance over the affected limb in participants with Achilles tendinopathy was significantly increased when compared to the unaffected limb (mean difference, 11.7 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9, 21.5; P = .02) and to healthy controls (mean difference, 13.1 mm; 95% CI: 1.6, 24.6; P = .03). There was no significant difference between the healthy controls and the unaffected side in people with Achilles tendinopathy (mean difference, 1.4 mm; 95% CI: −7.9, 5.1; P = .66).

Conclusion

These data provide the first evidence of reduced 2-point discrimination over the affected tendon in patients with Achilles tendinopathy. Further research is needed to determine the cause for the change in tactile acuity. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(12):1061–1064. Epub 30 Oct 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6514
Lower extremities Duplex-Doppler ultrasonography for the detection of suspected deep venous thrombosis: A preliminary report from Sokoto
Authors: Kakale Shehu B , Maaji Sadisu M , Aliyu Shamsudden A
Published: October 2016

Background: There is a paucity of reports on the deep vein thrombosis in our environment.Aims and Objective: The aim of this study is to document the role of Doppler ultrasound in detecting deep vein thrombosis in our environment.Methods and Materials: Between Januarys to December 2014 forty six in patients with suspicion of DVT were evaluated prospectively. All patients presented with symptoms of single or bilateral disease, and a high probability of the disease. Two trained radiologists performed all duplex scan examinations. The patients were scanned using Mindray DC-3/DC-3T Diagnostic ultrasound scanner (Mindray Bio- Medical Electronics Co., LTD) linear (7-12MHz) transducers was used.Results: A total of 46 patients had duplex-Doppler scan examination carried out between January-December 2014. There were 30(65.2%) males and 16(38.8%) females subjects recruited for the study. The mean age was 48.9±SD17.3 with range of 18-85 years. A total of 21 patients (45.6%) were found to have deep vein thrombosis (DVTs) on duplex-Doppler examination. Proximal DVTs was seen in 6(12.9%) and 14(30.3%) for right and left lower limbs respectively. Distal DVTs was seen in 1(2.2%) in the right lower limb and 25(54.4%) show normal findings bilaterally. Diffused DVTs was seen in 2(4.3%) patients involving external, through popliteal veins on the right lower limb. In 3(6.5%) of the patients only the common femoral, superficial femoral and popliteal shows diffuse DVTs.Conclusion: With availability of Doppler ultrasound in our environment the diagnosis of DVT is now easier. Duplex scanning techniques are faster, safer, and less expensive. Because of its noninvasive nature, venous duplex is repeatable, allowing for continued follow up after the diagnosis. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 53-57
Predictive equation for basal metabolic rate of young Indian soldiers
Authors: Varte L Robert , Pal Madhusudan
Published: October 2016

Background: Currently, no specific predictive equation for BMR has been developed for the Indian armed forces whose BMR is expected to be higher compared to that of the general population because a greater proportion of their body weight is typically made up of muscle mass and bones.Aims and Objective: The present study aimed to identify a best suitable BMR predictive equation specifically for the young Indian soldiers and to compare the measured BMR values with those estimated using other equations.Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study on healthy individuals using random sampling. Anthropometric and body composition measurements, oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbondioxide production (VCO2) during experiment were determined by the process of breath-by-breath gas analysis using K4b2 system. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 12.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). The relationship between the measured BMR and the recorded variables were evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and linear regression analysis. The results were considered significant at 5% level.Result: Mean measured BMR was significantly lower by 1.41%,  20.11%,  , 14.71%,  , 19.21%,   and 21.8% (p <0.001) compared to the mean BMR predicted using the Weir, FAO/WHO/UNU, Harris and Benedict, ICMR and Miffin equations respectively.Conclusion: BMR in Indian is lower than predicted by the FAO/WHO/UNU 1985 equations by an average of 20.1% suggesting that lower energy needs of present study with similar body weight may put them at greater risk for developing obesity, especially in overweight people.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 26-31
A rare case of intracranial malignant melanoma with an unusual presentation
Authors: V Sandeep B , Saha Suniti Kumar , Banga Manpreet Singh , Ghosh Partha
Published: October 2016

Among the common skin cancers, melanoma is the most lethal. Although, it comprises only 3% of all skin cancers diagnosed , it accounts for about  75% of all skin cancer-related deaths. Melanoma is a relatively uncommon skin cancer in geographical locations like India. Its highest incidence is seen in sixth decade . Head and neck melanomas constitute approximately 17% of all cutaneous melanomas .We present a 15 year old male patient who presented with a intracranial melanoma with osteolytic skull lesion.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 91-93
Oxidative stress/lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in apparently healthy individuals involved in physical exercise
Authors: Ebele Ikekpeazu Joy , Jenniger Ikekpeazu Adanna , Nnabugo Eke Christian , Sidney Ogbu Innocent , Chibuike Onyekwelu Kenechukwu , Chukwuma Orji Oliver , Daniel Nwachukwu , Anayochukwu Eze Anthonius
Published: October 2016

Background: Normal metabolic functions generate highly reactive compounds called free radicals in the body. Exercise is accompanied by increased oxygen consumption and enhanced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)/free radical production in humans. These molecules react with cellular molecules such as proteins, lipids and carbohydrates, and denature them. As a result of this, vital cellular structures and functions are lost and ultimately resulting in various pathological conditions.Aims and Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of physical exercise on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in apparently healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 samples were collected from apparently healthy adults aged between 18 and 25 years before and after morning exercise session. The samples were analyzed for Total Antioxidant Activity (TAS), pro-oxidant biomarker- malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes – catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) by spectrophotometic method. Results: The result shows that TAS after exercise was significantly higher (p<0.001) than the level before exercise. The MDA level of the subjects after exercise was equally statistically significantly (p<0.001) higher than the level before exercise. This study therefore shows that aerobic exercise increases pro-oxidant markers and possibly induces oxidative stress, the effect of which is countered by an increase in TAS, CAT and GPx.Conclusion: Oxidative stress following exercise therefore does exist, but may not deter the benefits of physical exercise.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 16-19
Circulating interleukins (IL6)-An early predictor of insulin resistance
Authors: Porwal Naveen Bhartia , Ghildiyal Archna , Singh Shraddha , Bhattarcharya Sandeep , Iqbal Bushra , Tiwari Sunita , Singh Kalpana
Published: October 2016

Background: Obesity is an increasing health concern that is highly correlated with the risk of developing insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes The insulin resistance represents an important association between obesity and the morbidities that lead concomitantly to increase in visceral adiposity. The more resistant to insulin the individual is, the higher the risk for the development of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between insulin resistance and the production of cytokines (IL6) and to establish the relations between interleukins IL-6 and  various anthropometric measurementsMaterial and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried on 100 healthy individuals (55 males and 45 females)  aged between 18-25  years were enrolled after obtaining their written consent in Department of Physiology, KGMU. All the subjects were evaluated anthropometric: Body mass index (BMI),  Waist circumference (WC),   Hip circumference (HC), Waist hip ratio and Waist height ratio as per standard protocol. Metabolic measures ( Fasting glucose and insulin) were done using commercial kit.  Insulin  resistance was measured  using homeostasis model.Results:  There was a significant positive correlation between interleukin 6 and fasting serum insulin (r=0.56, p=0.001) & HOMA IR (r=0.57, p=0.001). Correlation between anthropometric measure and Interleukins (IL-6) was also observed to be positive and mild.Conclusion: A significant positive correlation was seen between IL-6 and fasting serum insulin and HOMA-IR indicating  IL 6 as a  good predictive marker for insulin resistance.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 20-25
The outcome of vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling for chronic macular hole at Biratnagar eye hospital: A tertiary eye care center in Nepal
Authors: Agarwal Lalit , Agrawal Nisha , Karki Pratap , Anand Abhishek
Published: October 2016

Background:  A macular hole is a full-thickness defect of retinal tissue involving the anatomic fovea, thereby affecting central visual acuity. Pars plana vitrectomy and gas tamponade is a recognised modality of treatment for macular hole.Larger holes are more likely to remain open after repair and late reopening after an initially closed macular hole is seen in macular holes larger than 400 μm.Aims and Objective: To evaluate the anatomical and functional outcome of pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling for chronic stage 3 macular hole.Materials and Methods: Records of 15 patients with stage 3 chronic macular holes operated from 1st January 2013 to 30th June 2013 and completed 1 year of follow up were retrospectively evaluated and included in the study. Preoperative best distance corrected visual acuity (BCVA), preoperative macular hole size, final BCVA and macular hole status at 1 year follow up were recorded. Macular hole closure and visual improvement was calculated. Correlation of macular hole closure and visual improvement with various macular hole parameter was estimated.Results: Eleven (73.3%) macular holes closed at 1 year follow-up. Mean BCVA improved from 1.2 ± 0.27 to 0.89 ± 0.36 logarithm of minimum angle of resolution at 1 year (p<0.001). Visual improvement was seen in only eight (53.3%) eyes. Both macular hole closure and visual improvement showed no correlation with minimum linear diameter, base diameter and hole height.Conclusion: Chronic stage 3 macular hole can be closed successfully in majority of patients with fairly good visual improvement. Macular hole parameters of stage 3 holes may not have any correlation with the anatomical and visual outcome.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 43-46
Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus on the basis of HbA1c: Is this true in hypothyroidism also?
Authors: Singhai Abhishek , Kabra Prakhar
Published: October 2016

Background: Hypothyroidism may leads to hypoproliferative anemia. It is possible that this reduced erythropoiesis may result false elevation of HbA1c in some cases and further leading to an erroneous diagnosis of pre diabetes or diabetes.Aims and Objective: This study was planned to assess changes in HbA1c after initiation of thyroxine replacement in patients with subclinical and overt hypothyroidism.Settings and Design: This prospective study was conducted at Department of General Medicine of a tertiary care centre over one year.Methods and Material: 100 subjects were recruited for the study. Fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, hemoglobin, HbA1c, reticulocyte count, serum free T4 and TSH estimation done in all subjects. Hypothyroid patients were started on thyroxine. After three months of documentation of euthyroidism, same investigations were repeated.Statistical analysis used: Statistical software, SPSS version 17.0 was used for analysis.Results:  After correction of hypothyroidism, TSH decreased from 92.3(±30.9) to 3.4±2.9 µIU/L and 12.2(±4.5) to 4.4±2.9 µIU/ml in overt hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism respectively. There was a statistically significant fall in the HbA1c (SD) from 5.9% (0.8) to 5.6% (0.6) and 6.0% (0.3) to 5.7% (0.3) following the correction of hypothyroidism in overt hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism respectively. However, there were no statistically significant changes in the fasting as well as postprandial blood glucose.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that HbA1c values are falsely increased in patients with hypothyroidism. This falsely raised HbA1c became normal after thyroxine supplement.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 36-39
Morphometric analysis of mental foramen in human dry mandibles of nepalese population
Authors: Kadel Muna , Sedhain Bishwo P , Dangol Prakash MS
Published: October 2016

Background:  Mental foramina are located bilaterally in the antero-lateral aspect of the body of mandible. It transmits mental nerve, and vessels. The location, shape, size, direction and number of mental foramen in human mandibles are subject of variation. Aims and Objective: To establish the location, shape, size, direction and incidence of mental foramen (MF) in dry human mandibles of Nepalese population.Materials and Methods: One hundred dry human mandibles of unknown age and sex were selected randomly.  Shape, size, position of MF with respect to tooth and other anatomical landmark were determined. Student paired t-test was used for specific statistical analysis.Results: In most cases (61%), the MF was oval in shape & situated below the apex of second premolar (58% on right side and 69% on left side). Various parameters investigated were, the horizontal distance between (1) base of mandible and MF was 12.24 mm on right and 12.26mm on the left, (2) alveolar margin and MF was 13.95 mm on right &13.75 mm on left (3) symphysis menti of mandible and MF was 26.71 mm on right and 26.49 mm on left, (4) posterior border of mandible and MF was 65.34 mm on right and 65.68mm on left.Conclusion: By the knowledge of position, shape, size, direction and distance of the mental foramen from various landmarks and the presence of the accessory foramen may be of much use to dental surgeons.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 82-86
Coagulase negative staphylococcal coinfection with leptospirosis
Authors: Manappallil Robin George , Jayaraj Jishnu
Published: October 2016

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 110-111
Gap Analysis of Employability Skills of Entry Level Business Graduates Based on Job-Fit Theory
Authors: Metilda R Mary , P.C. Neena
Published: October 2016

This paper analyzes the perceptions of the employer on how job fit is fresh business school graduates in the Indian business scenario. The responses of employers on skills considered in the recruitment of management graduates, matching to their business profile as well as job profiles, were compared with the actual skill set of fresh MBAs inducted from the higher education sector. This study also investigated the level of importance of skills required by a new business graduate from the employer’s expectations of different sectors. A ‘skill gap’ between actual and expected was identified from these findings and its impact will be an eye opener for Business education programs. This is a working paper based on classification of employability skills based on Holland’s Job-fit theory. The study reveals that there is substantial dissatisfaction with the quality of business graduates in the practical level. The survey said 86 percent of employers concurred that MBA-hires doesn’t create much value for their companies in their first few years of their career stage. This confirms the finding that the skill set of fresh managers is inadequate. There will be drastic changes in the Job market and the need of the skill sets may vary again and again. The results of this study make a valuable contribution to the field of career development/guidance, individual students of business studies, employers, and higher education institutions.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-4: 294-299
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA): A Tool for Employment Generation
Authors: Sami Lamaan , Khan Anas
Published: October 2016

This study is an empirical study which aims to examine the impact of MGNREGA in generating employment to poor in selected districts in India. Data have been collected through personal interview and analyzed with the application of linear regression. The analysis of the data revealed that MGNREGA played a significant role in generating employment, increase in income and consumption of respondents in selected districts in India.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-4: 281-286
Exploring the constraints regarding maternal health in reproductive age among the rural women in Bangladesh
Authors: Das Akkur Chandra
Published: October 2016

The study evaluated the constraints of maternal health in reproductive age in the rural Bangladesh. The study used qualitative approach to gather information where individual in-depth interviews adopted for data collection among women aged 15-49 years old. The overall study revealed that rural women faced many maternal health related complications and problems in their reproductive age such as hemorrhage, sepsis, hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, obstructed labour and complications of abortion, etc. Maternal health situation still in rural areas was not developed in comparison to the situation of urban areas of Bangladesh and there was not available womens health care accesses for their emergency; low education level, low per capita income, many family members, early marriage and pregnancy, number of pregnancies, poor nutrition and lack of family support status resulted in low status of maternal and child health in the rural areas of Bangladesh. Adequate measures should be taken for providing proper health care services in rural areas of Bangladesh for better maternal health status.Mediscope Vol. 3, No. 2: July 2016, Pages 1-10
Role of slow breathing exercise on lung function status in depressive illness patients
Authors: Afreen Khandaker Nadia , Rahman NM Wahidur , Ainan Sayema , Ferdous Mehboba , Fahmi Sonia , Akter Mahbuba
Published: October 2016

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with depressed lung function. This depressed lung function can be improved by slow breathing exercise ((SBE). To observe peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in newly diagnosed MDD patients and after three months of regular practice of SBE. This prospective study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from January to December, 2014 to assess the lung function status in MDD patients. For this, 30 newly diagnosed MDD patients, aged 20 to 50 years were enrolled from the Department of Psychiatry of BSMMU. PEFR of all subjects were assessed by a portable digital spirometer before and after three months of regular practice of SBE. There was significant improvement of lung function status found when compared PEFR between before and after three months of regular practicing of SBE. From this study it may be concluded that SBE is very effective and potent method for improvement of poor lung function associated with all types of pulmonary functional disorder in MDD.Mediscope Vol. 3, No. 2: July 2016, Pages 26-30
Afferent loop syndrome: a case report
Authors: Basu Banga Kamal
Published: October 2016

Afferent loop syndrome (ALS) is a purely mechanical complication that infrequently occurs following construction of a gastrojejunostomy. A male patient aged 36 years who had undergone posterior gastro-jejunostomy 9 years back (in 2006) was admitted in the Department of Surgery of Gazi Medical College Hospital through OPD with abdominal pain, nausea, anorexia, abdominal discomfort after meal and sometime bilious vomiting. All the necessary investigations including endoscopy, colonoscopy, CT scan of the abdomen and Brain, Ba-meal X-ray were repeatedly done. There was suspicious distention of afferent loop during endoscopic investigation. The main diagnostic base was the history of the disease and clinically diagnosed ALS. It is a surgical urgency. During re-laparotomy, Roux-en-Y anastomosis with Tanners 19 modification was done. The patient did not have any complain during follow up after 10 days of the discharge from the hospital.Mediscope Vol. 3, No. 2: July 2016, Pages 39-43
‘A Grandiose Time of Coexistence’: Stratigraphy of the Anthropocene
Authors: Colebrook Claire
Published: October 2016

Using Deleuze and Guattari's concept of stratigraphy, it is possible to open the question of the limits and range of the Anthropocene. Geological stratification has enabled a view of time and the earth that has opened new horizons, but this mode of stratification is one among others. Other stratifications are possible, not only those that would be compossible with the story of the Anthropocene (such as the histories of capital, empire and industrialism), but also incompossible stratifications, at odds with the history of man.
Three Ecosophies for the Anthropocene: Environmental Governance, Continental Posthumanism and Indigenous Expressivism
Authors: Bignall Simone , Hemming Steve , Rigney Daryle
Published: October 2016

To facilitate engagement across diverse philosophical cultures, this paper expands points of alliance between the ‘ecosophical’ perspectives shared by Deleuzo-Guattarian posthumanism and by Indigenous thought, here exemplified by the expressivist philosophy of Ngarrindjeri Yannarumi or ‘Speaking as Country’. Indigenous philosophies of existential interconnectivity resist simple incorporation into the Western ‘post’-humanism that they in fact precede by millennia; instead they contribute fresh material for a more cosmopolitan or globally ecosophical (and therefore less Eurocentric), nonhumanist conceptualisation of humanity. We begin by discussing the humanist political ontology subtending the neoliberal-capitalist notion of ‘service benefit’, which informs much contemporary policy for environmental governance. We then consider how the ‘three ecologies’ described by Félix Guattari define a relational ontology of complex co-implication that is Spinozist in its inspiration and is characteristic of contemporary Continental posthumanism. Finally, we explain how the Indigenous Ngarrindjeri Nation in Southern Australia have begun a process of environmental policy reform by communicating a traditional philosophy of ecological well-being and prioritising this in contemporary political negotiations concerning the responsible management of their Country. An understanding of human responsibility for action realising interconnected benefit is manifest in the Ngarrindjeri Nation's striving for self-governance of their social, economic and environmental affairs, and is exercised transversally in the three interactive ecologies of self, society and nature.
Anti-Nomad
Authors: Marder Michael
Published: October 2016

This brief text offers a critique of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's concept of nomadism. It is shown that ‘nomadism’ functions as a compilation of unresolved contradictions, such as those of movement and rest, anarchy and order, numeric abstraction and concrete placement. I argue that, in the last instance, this concept bears allegiance to its etymological provenance from the Greek nomos and that it veers on the side of an economy, rather than an ecology, of being.
Cascade of Remainders
Authors: DeArmitt Pleshette
Published: October 2016

In a very late essay on remains, one might say a throw away essay, Derrida doggedly tracks the relation of a certain desire to remains, linking it to sacrificial economy and to a hierarchical ontological order. If our concern is a thinking of desire as it pertains to remains, why should we not turn first, or perhaps exclusively, to Derrida's monumental works on the subject of remains, specifically Glas and Cinders, jettisoning the little-known essay we have not yet named? Certainly Derrida has said much in these well-known works about desire and remains, consumption and excretion, fire and ashes. So, why devote all one's attention, as we will do in this paper, to what might be said to be a morsel of an essay, which has remained largely unread and hence falls outside of Derrida commentary? The essay in question is his 2002 ‘Remains – the Master, or the Supplement of Infinity’, a homage to Charles Malamoud, a French ethnologist and scholar of Indian and Oriental religions whose work, especially his 1989 Cooking the World, was influential on Derrida's thinking concerning the ‘rhetorics of cannibalism’ and ‘eating the other’ and featured prominently in his seminars from 1989–1991 on the aforementioned themes. In ‘Remains – the Master’, a dense and rich essay, Derrida analogically links two vastly different cultures – the Brahmanic of India and the Greco-European – in terms of a ‘law of remainders’, which for both traditions, he claims, is an organizing principle of humans, gods, and the whole of the world. In his essay Derrida returns to or, more accurately, remains with a thinking of ‘the French word “reste”, the remnants [restance] of “reste”’, which, as Derrida notes, is ‘difficult to translate in an exhaustive or transparent manner,’ that is, ‘without remainder’ (2002, 41). However, what this paper will follow is the circulation of remainders in the Vedic tradition, as analysed by Derrida and Malamoud. In doing so, we can begin to not only translate the notion of Malamoud's ‘cascade de restes’ from one culture, logic, and idiom to another but understand how for Derrida this ritual downpour of remainders not only institutes a hierarchy of remainders but also produces ipseity.
Oddments: The Rest of Deconstruction
Authors: Naas Michael
Published: October 2016

Though Derrida had often appealed to the notion of le reste, in works ranging from Glas (1974) to Shibbloth (1986) to Cinders (1988), it was not until his 2002 essay Reste – le maître that he would devote an entire work to the topic. In this essay, I look at a few of Derrida's early attempts to think le reste, particularly in relationship to poetry in ‘Che cos'è la poesia?’ before concentrating on Reste – le maître. I show that it is only in this latter work that Derrida develops a full ‘theory’ of le reste as a ‘quasi-transcendental’ along the lines of différance or, indeed – and Derrida himself makes the comparison – the ‘Good beyond being’ in Plato and Plotinus. But it is also in this latter text that Derrida uses the notion of the reste to suggest a relationship, an analogy, between the logic of sacrifice and mastery in Western onto-theology and the logic of sacrifice and mastery in the Brahmin culture of India. As such, I suggest in conclusion, le reste is perhaps the most suggestive and the most powerful notion in all of Derrida's work for thinking today the relationship between deconstruction and the rest of the world.
Postcardlogbook
Authors: Wills David
Published: October 2016

‘Postcardlogbook’ is the “travel diary” of a rereading of Derrida's ‘Envois’ more than thirty years after its publication. It was penned during and after a period of research into the 1974–75 ‘La vie la mort’ seminar, undertaken at the University of California, Irvine, and mimics Derrida's own transatlantic voyages that provided the context for his text. My article borrows a series of formal devices that attempt to maintain it as a peripheral reading of the ‘Envois’. Notably, it refrains from quoting directly from the text or from entering into its substance. It nevertheless addresses, however indirectly, the intellectual climate in Paris at the time the ‘Envois’ were written, and draws comparisons with the current scene, with the current status of Derrida's work, and with problems of a more or less post-literary age.
Worlds Apart: Conversations between Jacques Derrida & Jean-Luc Nancy
Authors: Morin Marie-Eve
Published: October 2016

This article attempts to sort out the misunderstandings between Jacques Derrida and Jean-Luc Nancy surrounding the question of the animal as they come to the fore in the conversations published in For Strasbourg. While Derrida finds the lack of animals in Nancy's world puzzling, Nancy criticises Derrida's blurring of the border between the human and the animal for inadvertently reinstating a scale or a difference, if not between humans and animals, at least between the living and the non-living. Though this criticism appears misguided at first, I argue that Nancy's recasting of finitude in terms of the limit as the place of exposure undoes the phenomenological, or more precisely Heideggerian, understanding of sense and world, which Derrida still attributes to Nancy. Ultimately, what we have in both thinkers is a radically different account of plurality. Whereas Derrida emphasises the abyss between singularities and places faith, engagement, and responsibility at the origin of the world, for Nancy the edges between singularities always already hold any inside in contact with an outside, any one in contact with the other.
Soil Chemistry Factors Confounding Crop Salinity Tolerance—A Review
Authors: Rengasamy Pichu
Published: October 2016

The yield response of various crops to salinity under field conditions is affected by soil processes and environmental conditions. The composition of dissolved ions depend on soil chemical processes such as cation or anion exchange, oxidation-reduction reactions, ion adsorption, chemical speciation, complex formation, mineral weathering, solubility, and precipitation. The nature of cations and anions determine soil pH, which in turn affects crop growth. While the ionic composition of soil solution determine the osmotic and ion specific effects on crops, the exchangeable ions indirectly affect the crop growth by influencing soil strength, water and air movement, waterlogging, and soil crusting. This review mainly focuses on the soil chemistry processes that frustrate crop salinity tolerance which partly explain the poor results under field conditions of salt tolerant genotypes selected in the laboratory.
DeepCAD: A Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for Mammographic Masses Using Deep Invariant Features
Authors: Abbas Qaisar
Published: October 2016

The development of a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for differentiation between benign and malignant mammographic masses is a challenging task due to the use of extensive pre- and post-processing steps and ineffective features set. In this paper, a novel CAD system is proposed called DeepCAD, which uses four phases to overcome these problems. The speed-up robust features (SURF) and local binary pattern variance (LBPV) descriptors are extracted from each mass. These descriptors are then transformed into invariant features. Afterwards, the deep invariant features (DIFs) are constructed in supervised and unsupervised fashion through multilayer deep-learning architecture. A fine-tuning step is integrated to determine the features, and the final decision is performed via softmax linear classifier. To evaluate this DeepCAD system, a dataset of 600 region-of-interest (ROI) masses including 300 benign and 300 malignant masses was obtained from two publicly available data sources. The performance of DeepCAD system is compared with the state-of-the-art methods in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUC) curve. The difference between AUC of DeepCAD and other methods is statistically significant, as it demonstrates a sensitivity (SN) of 92%, specificity (SP) of 84.2%, accuracy (ACC) of 91.5% and AUC of 0.91. The experimental results indicate that the proposed DeepCAD system is reliable for providing aid to radiologists without the need for explicit design.