bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Max Weber and Modernity: modernization, rationalization, legitimation
Authors: Borysov Roman
Published: June 2023

The paper reveals the features of sociological theorizing offered by classical sociology, including M. Weber's concept. The thematic directions that became central to the German scholar's sociology are identified: modernization, rationalization, legitimization, etc.; their genesis is analyzed from the point of view of the philosophical (Baden School of Neo-Kantianism) and sociological (G. Simmel's concept of cultural forms) studios. It is emphasized that rationalization, which was first considered by M. Weber, becomes a cross-cutting theme in sociology up to the end of the twentieth century. Further development of the concept of rationalization takes place within the communicative turn, associated with the name of J. Habermas. The concept of constructing the social, taking into account the meaning that the author puts into his actions, becomes the first attempt of theoretical synthesis in the process of overcoming the methodological crisis in sociological science. M. Weber's sociology offers a departure from the "container approach" in the analysis of society, which was later realized within the world-systemic (A. G. Frank, I. Wallerstein, J. Arrighi, etc.) and synthetic (M. Archer, P. Bourdieu, E. Giddens, P. Sztompka, etc.) concepts. The problematic of a bureaucratization, formulated by M. Weber in the early twentieth century to describe the processes of formation of the modern state, acquires new relevance today in connection with the expansion of the "bureaucratic spirit" to commercial enterprises, built according to the network logic. The tendencies of (self-)management on the part of employees, which are accelerating due to the transition to the remote form of work. The author shows how processes of legitimation, which are necessary for the perception of changes in professional activity, simultaneously contribute to the fragmentation and disintegration of local social spaces.
The production of space and the exploitation of attention: a view from/of poststructuralism
Authors: Golikov Alexander
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes the possibilities of applying the methodology of poststructuralism in modern sociology, in particular in relation to the problems of space production and the exploitation of attention. The heuristic potential of poststructuralism for sociology is investigated, where the methodology of deconstruction is especially studied. The problem of space production by means of attention exploitation is analyzed in the context of Gilles Deleuze's concepts. It is emphasized that the central Deleuzean concept of difference in correlation with a number of concepts (in particular, representation and repetition) provides important tools for understanding the nature of production and reproduction of space, on the one hand, and the procedurality of attention as an object of exploitation, on the other. Poststructuralist metaphors of systematicity (tree and rhizome) are being rethought from the sociological perspective not as mutually exclusive, but as typologically compatible. Deleuze's distinction between nomadic and structural modes of perception is analyzed. The attention is focused on the phenomenon of a dividuum («divided») from the point of view of the production of acts of perception and acts of attention. In addition, an important aspect is the problem of production of chronological as structurally comparable with production of spatial. The preconceptions isolated from the Deleuzean theoretical rhizome are used by the authors in relation to the problems of mass culture in the explications of Gilles Lipovetsky and Paul Virilio. Attention is investigated as a fundamental substratum for the production of space(s) in a society of communicative / cognitive capitalism, which is revealed through examples of problems of visual perception, practices of cultural consumption, language, etc. A conclusion is made about the possibilities and limitations of studying the processes of space production and the role of attention in this process of exploitation in sociology from the standpoint of post-structuralist theory.
Socially Responsible Business as a Requirement of Time: Individual and Organizational Dimension
Authors: Nikolenko Vadym
Published: June 2023

The article explores the logic of the emergence and differentiation of the paradigm of socially responsible business. Both individual and organizational measurements of the problem are highlighted. The explicit and latent factors of influence on the problem situation on a global scale and possible options for its solution, taking into account the experience of developed countries, are considered. It is noted that an effective solution of social and environmental issues involves the application of joint efforts of representatives of the state, business, civil society, scientific community, leaders of public opinion, etc. The expediency of typology of socially responsible business is substantiated, in particular, the American, European and Asian models are highlighted. At the same time, it is noted that there is also the possibility of singling out other universal system-forming criteria for typologization of socially responsible business, namely external and internal. The relevance and heuristic potential of these approaches for the sustainable development of modern Ukrainian society is indicated. Taking into account socially differentiating factors, the generational dimension of this problem is briefly covered i.e., the perception of socially responsible business through the prism of mass consciousness, especially youth. It is noted that in a global society, such practices are especially favored by millennials, perhaps due to their somewhat romantic worldview and developed social marketing, which is quite common in countries with a high human development index. At the same time, the paradigm under study emphasizes successful practices in the application of event marketing as certain derivatives for the implementation of social marketing. Particular attention is paid to social, scientific, legislative practices on research and implementation in the daily life of environmental marketing, the content and characteristic derivatives of which in the developed world have become a "visit card" of modern socially responsible business. The situation regarding socially responsible business in Ukraine is analyzed. It is noted that both external and internal businesses of this kind are of the utmost importance in Ukrainian society. Such initiatives allow, on the one hand, partially solving the most pressing social, environmental, economic problems of national and global scale, to focus on them the attention of the public opinion, and on the other – to effectively capitalize a commercial brand, but only if its representatives will sincerely and systematically use the basic principles and values of socially responsible business.
«Being Together» in Pandemic Conditions: Social Cohesion Challenges of the Contemporary Ukrainian Society
Authors: Deineko Оleksandra
Published: June 2023

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the Ukrainian society social cohesion challenges in the pandemic conditions of digitally mediated interactions. Based on the results of qualitative sociological research, as well as a secondary analysis of the results of other sociological studies and statistics data, the author explores the phenomenon of social cohesion in the unity of three social levels of its presence - macro, meso and micro. The study has shown the dialectical nature of social cohesion and the opposite tendencies of its reproduction at different social levels – inner circle, professional communities and society as a whole. In the macro-social perspective, the pandemic has become a «common challenge», intensifying social consolidation at the level of civil society institutions; on the other hand, it has created a new axis of social inequality, deepening local differences and awareness of the different degree of «protection» from crisis conditions. It is concluded that the digitally mediated everyday interactions, characterized by a lack of social actors' co-presence in space and time, contributes to the spread of systemic integration in those social systems for which it was previously uncharacteristic. This, in turn, leads to the «frozen» functioning of social systems. In contemporary digital age, social actors are increasingly beginning to experience «digital loneliness» due to the loss of coexistence in physical time and space and the weakening of binding social capital, making familiar identification patterns less stable and definite. The «shift» of the concentration of interactions from different social circles to the level of the inner circle – the family one sets a double scenario of its reproduction either as a space of cohesive values, the highest level of trust, participation and social security, or as an environment for everyday conflicts. The article emphasizes the urgency of further conceptualization of a new type of capital – digital, which in conditions of systemic integration of social systems «puts into action» the activation of other types of capital.
Corruption in Ukraine and the World as a Trigger for the Weakening of the State
Authors: Herasina Liudmyla , Pohribna Viktoriia
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes corruption as an extra-legal phenomenon that destroys the morality and values of society, threatens democracy and human rights, deforms the functions of state power, discrediting it both within the country and in the international arena. It is noted that the formation of dysfunctions in the sphere of public administration is not the main socio-political danger of corruption.The threat of "corrosion" and gradual destruction of social ties in the system of state regulation, public control and the functioning of social institutions is creating. The sociological and legal interpretation of corruption made it possible to study it as a trigger that weakens statehood, to reveal the social mechanism of the influence of corruption ties on state institutions, to assess the political, economic, legal, socio-structural and psychological factors of its spread. The authors characterize foreign and domestic “models” of corruption and ways of counteracting it from the standpoint of the ontological approach; she also has identified social markers that reflect its specificity in Ukraine; a real assessment of the degree of effectiveness of anti-corruption actions in Ukraine are presented; the expediency of analyzing corruption in the international aspect, especially the mechanisms, forms and methods of Ukrainian corruption spreading in the world corruption services and the penetration of transnational corruption into the Ukrainian political and economic space; it is also revealed the effect of the social mechanism of corruption in the structure of the state, as a result of which the process of state regulation loses its morality and social value. It is shown that the stable, actively "mutating", adaptive to the majority of social changes, the nature of corruption in Ukraine does not only forms and reproduces the tolerant attitude of government and a significant part of the public, but it also actively inhibits democratic transformations and deforms the public consciousness of Ukrainians. It is emphasized that "salus populi" is the most pragmatic option among the systemic models of fighting corruption (totalitarian, authoritarian, liberal).
(Dis)trust, (un)sefety and Cohesion: Discourses of Vaccinations in Ukraine
Authors: Filippova Olga , Deineko Oleksandra
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of vaccination discourses as ways of constructing and transforming social reality. Vaccination is considered, firstly, as a direction of state policy in the social and medical sphere; secondly, as a basis for realizing a legitimizing identity or constructing a resistance identity. Based on M. Castells’ concept of identity and the theory of discourse by E. Laclos and C. Mouffe, two discourses are distinguished that coexist in an antagonistic struggle – "for" (support) and "against" (resistance) to vaccination. The state is the main subject of the formation of the discourse for vaccination, constructing a legitimizing identity. The nodal points of this discourse are analyzed in the sphere of the regulatory law, particularly, in the Roadmap for COVID-19 Vaccines. This discourse is constructed on the nodal points of inclusion (being vaccinated means "being included" and having access to certain benefits), trust (in health care system and the vaccines), safety (both on the individual and national levels). The discourse "against" vaccination, which is the basis for the formation of the resistance identity, is characterized by the absence of the main subject of its construction. The channels of its objectification through which the media act becomes more significant than the status of the discourse constructing subjects. The nodal points of this discourse are analyzed in the context of new media – Ukrainian-language publications of the online media in Ukraine – as a space of the "culture of freedom" that creates the basis for the transition from mass communications to mass self-communications. Such discourse is constructed on interconnected nodal points of distrust and unsafety (the formation of scientific and medical doubts, discrediting the quality of vaccines, direct or indirect articulation of the sign of death). This study has recorded the exceptional significance of distrust as a point of catalyzing other nodal points and signs. The construction of discourses of support and resistance to vaccination occurs according to different algorithms: if, in the field of discourse struggle, the articulation of the point of distrust is sufficient for the dominance of the discourse of resistance, then for the discourse of support for vaccination it is necessary to construct various signs and nodal points to reproduce the positions of its dominance. It is obviously that public policy should provide for the meaningful integration of the nodal points of security and trust, as well as the construction of a new nodal point of rallying, which should be articulated not only in the legal framework, but also in the plurality of discourse fields that form the discourse of support for vaccination (speech officials, communications from the responsible authorities and generally within the vaccination information campaign).
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MATERI POKOK GETARAN, GELOMBANG DAN BUNYI MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED INSTRUCTION (PBI)
Authors: Kartini Kartini
Published: June 2023

Pemerintah Indonesia telah mengamanhkan untuk menerapkan kurikulum 2013 pada setiap satuanpendidikan sejak tahun pembelajaran 2013/2014. Salah satu mata pelajaran wajib di SekolahMenengah Pertama (SMP) adalah IPA, salah satu materi pokok yang sering sulit dipahami siswaadalah getaran, gelombang dan bunyi. Untuk itu penulis berusaha mencari jalan keluar denganmelaksanakan penelitian tindakan kelas melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Problem BasedInstruction (PBI). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research)yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa Kelas VIII C SMP Negeri 3 PallanggaKabupaten Gowa dalam pembelajaran IPA materi pokok getaran, gelombang dan bunyi melaluipenerapan model pembelajaranProblem Based Instruction(PBI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkanterjadi peningkatan hasil belajar siswa melalui model pembelajaran Problem Based Instruction(PBI) dengan rincian (i) Hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII C SMP Negeri 3 Pallangga Kabupaten Gowapada siklus I (Tindakan I dan Tindakan II), masuk dalam kategori tinggi dengan jumlah nilai ratarata 69,00 sedangkan pada siklus II (Tindakan I dan Tindakan II), mengalami kemajuan dengankategori sangat tinggi dengan nilai rata-rata 79,10 (ii) Terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelasVIII C SMP Negeri 3 Pallangga Kabupaten Gowa melalui penerapan metode Problem BasedInstruction (PBI), baik secara kualitatif maupun kuantitatif. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat pada tabel danpenjelasan pada lampiran, pada siklus I dan siklus II setiap tindakan mulai dari tindakan I sampaitindakan II. Model pembelajaran ini dinilai cukup efektif diterapkan dalam pembelajaran khususnyapada mata pelajaran IPA materi pokok getaran, gelombang dan bunyi, karena dapat meningkatkanhasil belajar siswa baik dalam mengerjakan tugas-tugasnya di sekolah maupun berusahanmemberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk selalu mencoba bereksperimen dalam setiap kegiatanbelajarnya sehingga dapat memotivasi siswa untuk meraih prestasi yang maksimal.
Implementasi Kebijakan “Mappadeceng” Dalam Bidang Pendidikan di Kabupaten Soppeng
Authors: Nugroho Tri Cahyo , Lambali Suriadi , Hamsina Hamsina
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the "Mappadeceng" policy in the education sector in Soppeng Regency by using descriptive qualitative methods. Data was collected by means of in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation of 6 informants. Data analysis was performed interactively consisting of data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results show that the implementation of the "mappadeceng" policy in the education sector has not been going well, this is because the size and policy objectives are not yet clear, the availability of human resources and budget is adequate, the implementing agency has a role based on the stipulated decree, the disposiion of implementing agents it is good enough, the lack of communication and coordination carried out, both with the community and related organizations and the external environment consisting of economic, social and political conditions is quite conducive and supports the implementation of the “mappadeceng” policy. Therefore, it is recommended that the education and culture office of Soppeng Regency to conduct evaluation in increasing the success of implementing the “Mappadeceng” policy.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Madrasah Ibtidayah Duren dan Sabilul Huda Bandungan melalui Pelatihan Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi Informasi
Authors: Ilham Ahmad , Fathurrohman Akhmad , Sam'an Muhammad , Safuan Safuan , Munsarif Muhammad , Assaffat Luqman , Kindarto Asdani , Ramadhani Arfido , Adinullhaq Juyus Muhammad , Febrianto Febrianto , Nurmantoro Irvan , Ardhani Yevi Alviatul , Ariyanto Nova
Published: June 2023

Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Duren Village and Sabilul Huda Jimbaran Bandungan District Semarang Regency want to produce quality graduates. However, the competence of teachers is still conventional learning aids so the learning process is not optimal. To answer this problem, the Department of Informatics, Faculty of Engineering at Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Indonesia proposed information technology-based learning training activities for madrasah teachers. The purpose program is to strengthen human resources for teachers in MI Desa Duren and Sabilul Huda Jimbaran. The proposed program is divided into three learning schemes, (1) interactive presentation media, (2) online classroom learning, and (3) online learning evaluation. The results of this program are that the participants proved to be able to produce effective, elaborative, and interactive teaching materials based on information technology so that students are not bored and enthusiastic about following lessons in the classroom. It can be cancluded the program with the theme "Strengthening Teacher Competencies Through Information Technology-Based Learning Training" can overcome problems in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Duren Village and Sabilul Huda Jimbaran Bandungan District Semarang Regency.
Differences in Motor Abilities among Basketball Players in Relation to Biological Maturity
Authors:   University of Priština–Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Leposavic, Serbia, Antonijević Sonja D. , Stanković Dušan R. ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia, Antonijević Maša S. ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia, Bubanj Saša R. ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia, Manic Mila ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia, Veličković Petar S. ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia, Živković Mladen D. ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia, Đorđević Stefan N. ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia
Published: June 2023

Basketball is a popular team sport with a combination of alternating and high-intensity activities. Physical characteristics related to age and maturity can be quite important for developing the career of a young athlete. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in motor skills among basketball players with regard to their biological maturity. Using the Mirwald equation, the total sample of participants was divided into three groups based on their biological maturity: early-maturing (postPHV), normally-maturing (midPHV), and late-maturing (prePHV). The sample of participants consisted of 51 basketball players (body height 171±12 cm; body weight 63±15.7 kg; BMI 21.3±3.8). Tests of speed (5, 10, 20m sprint), explosive power of the lower extremities (the countermovement jump with arm swing (CMJwas), the countermovement jump (CMJ), and the squat jump (SJ)), and agility (the t-test, zigzag, and slalom test) were evaluated. The one-factor ANOVA showed a statistically significant difference between groups in the slalom, t-test, and zig-zag test (p<0.05). On the sprint tests and tests assessing explosive power no difference was found. We can conclude that this group of participants showed equal performance in motor skills on most tests, regardless of their maturity status. The primary significance of this study is that it shows coaches the importance of understanding their players’ biological maturation for optimal selection, suitable training design, and a reduction in the risk of injury.
Construction of a Specific Test for Flexibility Assessment in Rhythmic Gymnastics
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia, Radas Josipa , Stojković Rebeka ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia, Furjan-Mandic Gordana ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia, Parlov Jasmina ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: June 2023

Rhythmic gymnastics is a combination of sport and art, in which flexibility is one of the most important abilities and plays an important role in the performance specification equation. However, there is limited systematic research on specific tests of flexibility in rhythmic gymnastics for recognising children's potential and tracking the training process. The primary purpose of this research was to construct a measurement instrument for evaluating flexibility that would be applied specifically to rhythmic gymnastics. The sample consisted of 41 female rhythmic gymnasts aged 10-12 (X=11.05, SD=0.84). All of them are members of two rhythmic gymnastics clubs from Croatia and registered with the Croatian Gymnastics Federation. We used three familiar flexibility tests: - forward bend on a bench, frontal split with hand support, split in a supine position - and one new test – frontal split on an elevated surface. Results of the statistical analyses have shown that the new test measures flexibility, which is required for success in rhythmic gymnastics. There is a significant correlation between individual measurements (p<0.001), so this test is considered reliable. It would be good to implement the new test when selecting children for rhythmic gymnastics as well as during transitive measurements in the training process.
A Comparative Study of Motivation in Sports Training among Senior and Junior Professional Football Players in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   University of Montenegro, Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, Niksic, Montenegro, Bjelica Dusko , Katanic Borko ,   University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia, Corluka Marin ,   University of Mostar, Faculty of Science and Education, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Milosevic Zoran ,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Novi Sad, Serbia, Cerkez Zovko Ivana ,   University of Mostar, Faculty of Science and Education, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Radojevic Aleksic Ivona ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Technical Sciences Cacak, Cacak, Serbia
Published: June 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought significant changes to the lives of athletes, particularly regarding the uncertainty surrounding the continuation of sports training and the postponement of sporting events. Given these disruptions to athletes’ routines, the role of motivation in sports participation is considered even more crucial. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the differences in motivation for sports participation during the Covid-19 pandemic between senior and junior professional football players. The sample consisted of 358 elite football players from the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The players were divided into two groups: senior (n=193, 24.87±3.78 years) and junior (n=165, 18.08±1.00 years) football players. The Participation Motivation Questionnaire (PMQ) was utilized, comprising 19 items classified into six motivational dimensions: “Sports success”, “Social status”, “Friendship”, “Physical health”, “Sports activity”, and “Support”. A five-point Likert scale was used in the questionnaire, which was administered electronically via Google Forms. Results revealed that junior football players achieved significantly higher values in only three out of the 19 items: “Want to be popular” (.005), “Want to get status” (.001), and “Wished for friendly games” (.000). However, there were no differences between the senior and junior football player groups in the remaining 16 items. Also, both groups displayed exceptionally high motivation levels in the dimensions of “Sports success”, “Physical health”, and “’Friendship”, while the weakest results were observed in the dimension of ‘Support’ for both groups. Despite the specific challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic, the motivation to play football remains very high among both senior and junior football players. This study is essential as it provides insights into football players’ motivation and identifies differences in motivation levels between junior and senior players. The findings can be valuable for practical purposes, aiming to enhance motivation among football players, especially during circumstances where training conditions are disrupted, such as the Covid-19 pandemic.
Analysis of the Offensive Tactics Used by High-Level Basketball Players of Different Age Groups
Authors:   Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Komotini, Greece, Daniil Dimitris , Papadimitriou Katerina ,   Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Komotini, Greece, Giannakopoulos Anestis ,   Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Komotini, Greece, Ispirlidis Ioannis ,   Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Komotini, Greece, Mavridis Giorgos ,   Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Komotini, Greece
Published: June 2023

The rapid and continuous development of basketball has necessitated the long-term training of young basketball players, enabling them to meet the ever-changing demands of the sport. The aim of the present study was to record the offensive competitive behaviour of men and boys by analysing world championship matches in order to determine whether the choice of tactics in them depended on the age category they belonged to. The sample of the research consisted of 2,997 actions performed by basketball national teams in Men’s (seniors) and juniors’ World Championships. The juniors’ category includes athletes 14-15 years old (U16). Offenses were recorded with the Sportscout game observation software. The recorded parameters are the following: age group, types of initiating an offense, offensive tactics, type of offensive, attacking from the perimeter & from inside the paint, screening in offense, pick and roll in offense, offensive inbound plays, inbound position, attack efficiency, shooter, shooting area/ position. Summarizing, the juniors’ group showed a higher percentage in offenses fast breaks, in motion offense, in the attacks that were starting after a steal and an offensive rebound. In addition means’ group had higher percentage in inside game and in pick and roll. Αccording to the above the offensivetactics depended significantly on the age group. This confirms the tendency of coaches to use continuity offences in order to train young athletes in all competitive positions rather than in a single one. Their next step would be to adopt the defensive transition tactic, found to have been adopted by the men’s group.
Presentación
Authors: Islas Carmona Octavio , Arribas Urrutia Amaia
Published: June 2023

Presentación
Identidad juvenil y fútbol: la ritualidad convertida en violencia
Authors: García Jenny Gabriela , López Paredes Marco Vinicio , Yánez Balarezo Samuel Warren
Published: June 2023

Este escrito se busca exponer la relación de la trilogía: Fútbol, Juventud y ritualidad que se ha convertido en sinónimo de violencia casi en todas las latitudes del mundo. En los últimos años se ha vivido en dos líneas esta realidad, por un lado, la agudización de la violencia ligada al fútbol y por otro, la búsqueda por la prevención y la concienciación de los jóvenes barristas expuestos a esta generación de violencia. Los jóvenes están en una etapa de construcción de su identidad que debería ser de otredad; se acepta al otro diferente por las cosas en común fútbol, música, pero al mismo tiempo se niega al otro diferente por su equipo de fútbol, simbología, territorio, etc., en este proceso el joven que forma parte de las barras bravas, construye identidad desde esa aceptación y negación del otro diferente y por la aceptación del otro igual.
A rede de cooperação tecnológica da Universidade Federal de Sergipe na produção de programas de computador
Authors: Santos José Wendel dos , Menezes Edmara Thays Neres
Published: June 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi construir a rede de cooperação tecnológica da UFS na produção de programas de computador. Para tanto, um estudo exploratório foi conduzido na base de dados do Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Intelectual (INPI), na qual foram identificados 121 registros. Os resultados demonstraram que não é comum a produção de softwares de forma solitária, sendo comum ter entre 2 a 4 inventores. A rede foi considerada pouco colaborativa, com uma média de 5,50 interações entre os inventores. Dentre eles, destaca-se o I12 que possui o maior número de conexões e concentra o maior número de registros, bem como os I66, I69 e I10 por atuarem como intermediadores em diversas interações na rede. A partir dos resultados, constatou-se a necessidade da criação de uma ambiência favorável à integração dos pesquisadores na produção de novos softwares, além de sinergia para a indução da transferência destes para a sociedade.
oyente de radio
Authors: Avrella Bárbara , Cunha Mágda Rodrigues da
Published: June 2023

La presencia de la radio en la vida cotidiana de los brasileños está marcada por un diálogo que involucra transformación tecnológica y cambios en el perfil del propio oyente. El estudio presentado en este texto tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre la radio y la audiencia, demostrando las adaptaciones en el ecosistema mediático. En la primera etapa, se organiza una recuperación histórica del desarrollo de la radio en conversación con la construcción del perfil público y se describe la entrada de la radio y el público en el universo digital. Estos son los periodos analógico (desde la década de 1920 hasta finales del siglo XX) y digital (desde la década de 2000). En el segundo momento, el perfil del oyente de radio se presenta en el entorno que se constituye actualmente. Se investigan las practicas de consumo diario de los oyentes residentes en áreas rurales y urbanas del Rio Grande do Sul, una província del Sur de Brasil. La primera etapa se basa en la investigación bibliográfica y descriptiva y la siguiente incluye entrevistas abiertas, realizadas en 2019 y 2020. Se destacan aspectos relacionados con los hábitos ante los cambios tecnológicos, el lenguaje, los formatos y el consumo. La radio se posiciona estratégicamente en todos los períodos, cambia y adquiere nuevas interfaces, resulta versátil y multifacética. En el ecosistema de medios actual, las audiencias construyen su radio y comparten sus elecciones de forma autónoma.
Intervenções sociocomunicacionais colaborativas
Authors: Mazzarino Jane Marcia , Zanatta Lilian
Published: June 2023

Por meio da disciplina Jornalismo Escrito em Comunidades, alguns dos cursos de Jornalismo da Universidade Vale do Taquari - Univates, apostando em uma fundamentação teórica na atuação jornalística de comunidades, são instigados a mediar processos de intervenções sociocomunicativas colaborativas, que gerenciam a Appropriação das Tecnologias de cabelo médio. Na experiência que este estudo e pesquisa como um grupo público-alvo de alunos do Ensino Médio de escolas públicas, você poderá explorar recursos da linguagem audiovisual, acompanhando as questões que emergem em nossos grupos. O objetivo é analisar as tecnologias de mídia adequadas para enfrentar as questões públicas em uma experiência educomunicativa mediada pelas premissas do jornalismo comunitário.Ou estudo e exploratório e descritivo, de natureza interventiva e qualitativa. A pesquisa incluiu estudos bibliográficos, documentais e de campo. A análise de dois dados se basearia nos relatórios produzidos, cabelos acadêmicos não incluídos nas intervenções, questões aplicadas ao egresso da Educação Básica e os documentos audiovisuais produzidos.
RESULTS OF CALCULATIONS OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE AND STABILITY OF THE GROUND COFFERDAM OF THE DRY DOCK, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT ITS RE-PROFILING
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Rubin O. D.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the work was to determine the stress-strain state, to check the bearing capacity of structures (sheet pile walls, anchor rods) and the overall stability of soil prisms of the «structure-enclosing soil mass» system, taking into account its re-profi ling. According to the scope of work, computational study of the sheet pile wall structure of the excavation under the buttress foundation was performed (specifying the adequacy of the solutions adopted in the drawings for the length and spacing of the tie rods and the bottom marks of the sheet pile walls by section, as well as the struts in the west abutment and the need for geotechnical anchors. The computational studies were carried out with the PLAXIS software package. In the fi nite-element model there were realized: conditions of contact interaction of media; nonlinear and plastic properties of materials; geometrical nonlinearity in the form of staggered erection and sequence of loadings application.
METHODS OF MULTISCALE MODELING IN THE PROBLEMS OF DIGITAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
Authors: Abgaryan Karine , Zhuravlev Andrey
Published: June 2023

Modern modeling approaches are presented that allow solving a wide class of materials science problems using the spatial-temporal multiscale technology, according to which calculations at each scale level are performed using appropriate mathematical models and computational algorithms. Such approaches are based on methods of quantum-mechanical calculation of structural and energy characteristics of materials, as well as chemical reaction constants, which serve to parameterize higher-level models. These approaches make it possible to increase the accuracy of molecular dynamic modeling in the tasks of digital materials science. The book is intended for researchers, specialists in the field of computational electronics, undergraduate and graduate students of technical universities.
¡Naturaleza sangrienta marcada en dientes y garras!:
Authors: Vivas-González Rafael
Published: June 2023

El Tyrannosaurus rex fue un dinosaurio carnívoro de gran tamaño que habito Norteamérica hace 65 millones de años, a fines del periodo Cretácico. Desde su descubrimiento a principios del siglo XX hasta los más recientes hallazgos realizados en la actualidad, han permitido indagar de manera más profunda en la biología y comportamiento de este gran animal. Reconstrucciones virtuales del cerebro en base a tomografías computarizadas revelan sentidos de la vista, olfato, audición y equilibrio bien desarrollados, así como nuevos estudios biomecánicos permiten ilustrar con mejor detalle  aspectos relacionados a la velocidad máxima que eran capaces de alcanzar, siendo las formas más jóvenes las más rápidas y tendiendo a disminuir conforme llegaban a la adultez. La polémica sobre si era un animal cazador o carroñero sigue estando vigente, si bien hay algunas características que parecieran desfavorecer el estatus de cazador en los tiranosaurios, hay más evidencia que lo respalda como un animal predador. La apariencia externa en Tyrannosaurus rex sigue siendo debatida, aunque hay evidencia que respalda la presencia de piel escamosa en las formas adultas; no obstante no se descarta la presencia de plumas en las formas más jóvenes y con una tendencia a irlas perdiendo conforme el animal iba creciendo.
Los líquenes:
Authors: Huereca Delgado Alejandro , Salcedo-Martínez Sergio Manuel , Alvarado-Vázquez Marco , Moreno Limón Sergio
Published: June 2023

En este artículo se abordan los líquenes, que tradicionalmente son consideradas asociaciones entre un hongo y una o varias algas. En ellas, cada simbionte se beneficia del otro obteniendo nutrientes o protección. La asociación causa un cambio morfofisiológico donde el líquen adquiere una forma diferente al hongo o al alga y nuevas capacidades de síntesis, mejorando con ello sus capacidades adaptativa y competitiva. Existen alrededor de 13,500 especies de líquenes, el nombre de la especie del liquen lo recibe del hongo que participa en la asociación. México cuenta con 2500 especies registradas. La diversidad liquénica obedece a una radiación adaptativa a casi todo tipo de sustratos, desde suelo, rocas, cortezas o carapachos de tortugas, hasta estructuras hechas por el hombre. Los líquenes se identifican tradicionalmente por la consistencia y anatomía de su cuerpo o talo, de modo que los hay homómeros (gelatinosos) y heterómeros; la forma del talo, teniendo bajo este criterio costrosos, foliosos y fruticosos y por poseer ciertas estructuraspeculiares que sirven para la fijación al sustrato, para la reproducción asexual o la reproducción sexual. También la presencia de sustancias liquénicas, que se revelan mediante reacciones químicas es diagnóstica de las especies. La importancia biológica de los líquenes radica en que son organismos pioneros en el establecimiento de la cobertura vegetal del suelo y una vez formado, los cianolíquenes lo fertilizan atrapando el nitrógeno atmosférico y cambiándolo de su forma inerte a otra reactiva biodisponible, además, la presencia de líquenes sirve de refugio y alimento a una gran diversidad de fauna. Por otra parte, en diversas culturas los líquenes son consumidos como gelatinas, pan, bebidas, ensaladas o se han utilizado como fuente de colorantes naturales o remedios medicinales. Existen más de 700 sustancias liquénicas, que poseen actividades antineoplásicas, antibióticas, antivirales, antioxidantes y como filtros solares. Su lento crecimiento se ha empleado para fechar la edad de estructuras o formaciones rocosas y la susceptibilidad a la contaminación atmosférica ha permitido usarlos como indicadores de la calidad del aire en áreas urbanas, pero estas útiles características también ponen en riesgo de desaparición a estos bellos seres poco conocidos.
El reto taxonómico de la biodiversidad en México
Authors: Salazar-Vallejo Sergio I. , González-Vallejo Norma Emilia , Barrientos-Villalobos Javier , Carbajal-Márquez Rubén A. , Schmitter-Soto Juan Jacobo
Published: June 2023

Las estimaciones más recientes sobre el número de especies planetarias son realmente abrumadoras porque puede haber 1-6 mil millones de especies incluyendo bacterias y organismos más complejos (plantas y animales), y porque nuestra tradición taxonómica que ronda tres siglos, apenas ha provisto nombres para dos millones de especies. El reto parece insuperable. Por los costos de entrenamiento y por el número de estudiantes, países como Brasil y México tienen una ventaja sobre naciones más industrializadas y han alcanzado resultados muy importantes, por lo que tenemos un compromiso con el planeta. Proponemos que desde el marco referencial de su vasta biodiversidad, y de la mano del talento y pasión de sus investigadores y estudiantes, se consolide nuestra tradición en un plan nacional para el conocimiento de la biodiversidad. La propuesta debe ser colectiva, respaldada por sociedades científicas, universidades y centros de investigación, y han de combinarse entrenamientos formales con la disponibilidad de plazas, de manera que se incremente el número de taxónomos profesionales. Harán falta definir grupos prioritarios por el nivel de ignorancia, por el número de especies estimadas, por su relevancia ecológica o económica, y con atención a la tradición formalizada en nuestras instituciones. Una vez definidas las necesidades, se requerirán gestiones correspondientes con los tomadores de decisiones, sean curadores o responsables de grupos de investigación, directores de escuelas, rectores, directores de centros, o mesas directivas de sociedades científicas. El reto es muy grande y la propuesta debe ser acorde a las necesidades definidas, a pesar del panorama negativo del financiamiento para la educación superior e investigación científica.
La Nanotecnología en las Ciencias Biológicas
Authors: Armendaris-Barragán B. , Galindo-Rodríguez Sergio
Published: June 2023

La Nanotecnología ha acompañado al hombre en varias etapas de su evolución, permitiendo el desarrollo de productos innovadores que han mejorado su calidad de vida. Actualmente, ésta es una de las áreas de mayor crecimiento a nivel mundial en lo que a investigación y aplicación tecnológica se refiere. En este contexto, áreas de las Ciencias Biológicas en constante desarrollo, como la agricultura, los alimentos, el medio ambiente y la medicina, han incorporado avances nanotecnológicos de alto impacto en los últimos años. Dentro de los productos desarrollados con mayor aplicación se incluyen nanomateriales, nanosistemas de liberación, nanopelículas, nanorobots, nanodispositivos electrónicos, nanotubos de carbono y nanopartículas metálicas, entre otros. El presente trabajo aborda los principales productos desarrollados a partir de la nanotecnología y su aplicación en las Ciencias Biológicas, destacando la importancia y el avance que otorgan a la vida del hombre
Kemp, C. 2017. The Lost Species: Great Expeditions in the Collections of Natural History Museums
Authors: Salazar-Vallejo Sergio I.
Published: June 2023

Christopher Kemp es un científico dedicado a la divulgación de la ciencia. Ha realizado dos libros, el ahora reseñado y otro sobre el ambergris, ambos publicados por la Universidad de Chicago. En su más reciente libro expande sus ideas presentadas en la revista Nature (Kemp C 2015, 518:292-294), en la que llamó la atención sobre la precaria condición presupuestal y de personal en algunos de los mayores museos de historia natural del mundo. El libro también apunta a la relevancia del trabajo taxonómico y, en el subtítulo, enfatiza la importancia de las colecciones y del cómo mediante estudios finos equivaldría a la realización de grandes expediciones como las de antaño, pero ahora entre los materiales depositados en dichas colecciones. Se refiere, por supuesto, a la pieza culminante del trabajo taxonómico: las revisiones. Porque parecen poco comprendidas entre los profesionales de las ciencias ambientales haré unos comentarios sobre las mismas.
El Pacífico Noreste, un hábitat muy importante para el Tiburón Blanco
Authors: Oñate González Erick C.
Published: June 2023

Tiburón blanco, dos palabras que inmediatamente al escucharlas o leerlas llaman la atención, causan al mismo tiempo, terror y admiración, y sin importar cuál es tu pensamiento o sentimiento, es casi imposible no dar al menos una rápida mirada hacia aquello que tiene tan fascinantes palabras.
Consulta genética y asesoramiento
Authors: Rodríguez Sánchez Iram Pablo , Campos-Acevedo Luis D. , Ibarra-Ramírez Marisol , López-Uriarte Areli , Martínez-de-Villarreal Laura E.
Published: June 2023

El asesoramiento genético consiste en brindar información verdadera, íntegra y objetiva en una relación de atención profesional que proporciona orientación que permite a los pacientes y sus familias tomar decisiones informadas, con respeto a su autonomía. El asesoramiento genético es fundamental no solamente para el diagnóstico sino también previo a efectuar cualquier prueba genética y debe proseguir después si los resultados comprenden alternativas para el individuo y la familia. El asesoramiento debe estar al alcance de todos y no debe confundirse con aconsejar. El asesoramiento genético tiene dos componentes primordiales: 1) la provisión de información exacta, necesaria y objetiva que los pacientes y sus familias puedan utilizar y 2) un vínculo comprensivo y empático no directivo que apoye a los pacientes en la toma de decisiones. El profesional debe evitar la información deliberadamente sesgada que conduzca al paciente a realizar lo que el profesional considere mejor, el asesoramiento genético representa escuchar sus preocupaciones, ayudarlos a expresar y entender su validez correspondiente y, en la medida de lo posible, asistir todas las decisiones.
Las aventuras de Gorgos
Authors: Coello Sánchez Pilar , Silva Martínez Luis E. , Córdova-Merino Gabriela
Published: June 2023

El presente escrito es la historia de un dinosaurios tipo terópodo, el Gorgosaurus, descritos como carroñeros o cazadores, emparentado con los Tyranosaurus. Vivió en los Ecosistemas característicos del Cretácico Superior, en áreas inundables como los manglares, abundantes en las costas del Noreste de México y dominado por otros dinosaurios como Albertosauridos, Chasmosauridos, hadrosauridos y trodontidos. Esta historia se inicia en un día de cacería de Gorgos y su manada, lo acompañaban su Hermana Gunta y su primo Lori y Barbos y Guaymar los miembros más pequeños de la manada.
Plantas hipoglucéicas
Authors: Foroughbakhch Pournab Rahim , Hernández-Vargas J , Villarreal-Garza Jorge A.
Published: June 2023

Hoy en día, el conocimiento de las propiedades de las plantas medicinales  se ha extendido de tal forma, que mucha gente sigue utilizando como medicina alternativa y en ocasiones como apoyo a la llamada medicina tradicional.
Reflexiones sobre cómo llegar a ser un buen taxónomo
Authors: Salazar-Vallejo Sergio I.
Published: June 2023

Cuando cursaba el cuarto semestre de la carrera de Biólogo en la Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, en el curso de Zoología de invertebrados no artrópodos, me llamaron mucho la atención los poliquetos. En las prácticas de laboratorio vimos a los gigantescos anfinómidos, los abundantes eunícidos y nereídidos, y los muy espectaculares serpúlidos. El profesor responsable era el Biól. Carlos Briseño de la Fuente† y cuando le pregunté si eran difíciles de identificar, me dijo que no había especialista en el país, y que los gusanos eran demasiado difíciles para mí, por lo que era mejor que no me metiera con ellos. Picó mi orgullo. Ahora podría ser considerado bullying, pero no podría serlo entre un veterano de la segunda guerra y un jugador de futbol americano. Ambos sabíamos que en los entrenamientos se dicen cosas peores para motivar a los jóvenes. Una de las consecuencias fue que solicité ser estorbante en su laboratorio; la otra, tratar de conocer mejor al grupo, pero mis avances eran muy lentos. Pese a mis limitaciones, pensé que era buena idea tratar de ser taxónomo de poliquetos.