bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI SEKOLAH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Sirojudin Didin
Published: July 2021

Pendidikan merupakan faktor yang sangat esensial dalam kehidupan manusia, karena pendidikan disini adalah proses sosialisasi yakni manusia harus mampu menterjemahkan konsep pendidikan dalam realitas kehidupan untuk mewujudkan tujuan pendidikan tersebut dibutuhkan adanya lembaga pendidikan yang respek terhadap persoalan dan kebutuhan masyarakat yang terus berkembang. Keberadaan Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMP Negeri 3 Peterongan Jombang belum banyak mengubah keadaan. Disebabkan karena terjadinya sistem dikotomi pendidikan, di sebabkan pelajaran umum yang menomorduakan Pendidikan Agama Islam, sehingga guru agama kehilangan nyali untuk terus mengembangkan strategi Pendidikan Agama Islam, kalaupun terkadang potensi itu ada. Dalam pembelajaran sehingga anak didik jelas dengan mata pelajaran yang dianggap menoton dan tidak menoton sehingga mengakibatkan tidak berhasilnya sebuah pembelajaran. Jadi perlu adanya suatu bentuk strategi yang handal, supaya pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di sekolah umum menarik minat siswa. Berbicara mengenai strategi pembelajaran PAI di sekolah umum itu tentunya tidak cukup dengan satu strategi, harus ada tidak lanjud dan harmonisasi hubungan antara guru agama dengan guru umum serta masyarakat setempat.

 

Kata Kunci: Strategi, Pengembangan, Pembelajaran.
KEMUKJIZATAN AL QUR’AN DARI SEGI KEBAHASAAN DAN KEILMUAN
Authors: Aisa Aufia , Aisa Aufia , Fikrotin Vera
Published: July 2021

Al-Qur’an adalah kalam Alloh yang diturunkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW untuk umatnya. Dalam penyampaiannya tentu nya pasti ada perselisihan danpertentangan mengenai kebenaran al-Qur’an sebagai kalam Ilahi, yang menyebabkan munculnya mu’jizat itu sebagai pelemah musuh pada zaman Nabimulai dari tantangan dalam pembuatan kitab yang serupa dengan Al-Qur’an. Hingga sampai saat ini banyak orang yang takjub akan kemukjizatan al-Qur’andari penelitian-penelitian mereka yang mengungkapkan memang al-Qur’an adalah kalam Ilahi yang tidak bisa di rubah maupun ditiru. Banyak para ilmuan yangmeneliti al-Qur’an dari segi kebahasaanya dan keilmuannya. Dan bahkan hasilnya pun tetap manakjubkan, memang sangat indah pola kebahasaan dalam al-Qur’an hingga tidak ada yang mampumenandingi dan sangat sempurna dan universal alQur’an dibidang keilmuan.
PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN IBNU JAMA’AH DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN KONTEMPORER
Authors: Roziqin Muhamad Khoirur , Nurmawati Ella
Published: July 2021

Pendidikan merupakan sesuatu yang universal dan berlangsung terus menerus tak terputus dari generasi ke generasi dimanapun di dunia ini. Skripsi ini adalah hasil dari studi kepustakaan tentang pemikiran Ibnu Jama’ah dan relevansinya terhadap pendidikan kontemporer. Penelitian ini adalah hasil penelitian kepustakaan (library research) Peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis yang ditunjang oleh datadata yang diperoleh melalui penelitian kepustakaan (library research), yakni menelusuri literatur serta menelaah untuk menjawab pertanyaan: bagaimana pemikiran pendidikan Ibnu Jama’ah dan relevansinya terhadap pendidikan kontemporer?. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti menunjukkan bahwa, Ibnu Jama’ah adalah ilmuwan ensiklopedis, meskipun perhatiannya terfokus pada ilmu agama. Karya beliau mengenai adab atau etika Tazkirah al-Sami’ wa alMutakallim fi adab al-Alim wa al-Muta’allim, di tulis di awal karir madrasah dan satu-sunya karya tentang pendidikan. Konsep Pendidikan Ibnu Jama’ah antara lain Konsep Guru/Ulama, Peserta Didik, Materi Pelajaran/Kurikulum dan Metode Pembelajaran serta Lingkungan Pendidikan. Meskipun sangat begitu runtut dan luasnya pembahasan, melalui ilmunya tentang pendidikan ini diharapkan pendidikan era kontemporer dapat mengadopsi dan menerapkannya.
RESPON MAHASISWA TERHADAP BUKU AJAR MORFOLOGI BAHASA ARAB BERBASIS ANALISIS KONTRASTIF
Authors: Sulaikho Siti , Mathoriyah Lailatul
Published: July 2021

Learning Arabic morphology that is not a mother tongue is not an easy matter. Based on the questionnaire given to students, the problem they faced in studying Arabic morphology was that it was difficult to distinguish the terms contained in Arabic morphology by 22.9%, the examples used were always the same in each discussion so as to confuse 14.3%, difficult to find examples other than those already explained by 17.1%, one word can be changed into many other forms by 8.6%, not knowing the meaning of each word change by 14.3%, difficult to translate into Indonesian so it is not easily understood 11.4%, and it is difficult to get an easily understood learning source of 11.4%. This study aims to determine the response of Arabic Language Education study program students at the University of KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah towards Arabic Morphology textbook based on contrastive analysis using quantitative approaches. Student response data collection using a questionnaire instrument. 35 students were conditioned in one room and gave an assessment of the textbooks that had been shown to them. The final results of the 15 assessment points showed that the Arabic Morphology Textbook Based on Contrastive Analysis scored 90.8 with a decent category and a very good predicate.
MEMBACA NU GARIS LUCU (NUGL) SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN FAHAM RADIKALISME DI KALANGAN REMAJA INDONESIA
Authors: Fadhli Hasbulloh Alfian
Published: July 2021

Gerakan islam radikal yang ada di Indonesia telah mengakar kuat smapai saat ini, dibuktikan dengan dukungan sebagian besar masyarakat yang mendukung nyawanya untuk menjadi martir-martir gerakan radikal tersbut. Berbagai cara digunakan untuk menunjukka eksistensinya di ruang publik, seperti aksi bom melawan diri sendiri, aksi pengrusakan fasilitas publik, hingga provokasi masyarakat untuk gerakan intoleran. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan di berbagai pihak, mulai dari penganggul; anga melalu lembaga pendidika, pengembangan SDM, pemupukan sikap toleran, sikap terbuka, hingga pembangunan kembali wacana keagamaan. Di sisi lain mencoba untuk mengahalau faham terrsebut juga telah ditemuka oleh penulis yang merupakan akun media sosial, NU garis lucu.
Netflix en Argentina: expansión acelerada y producción local escasa
Authors: Mastrini Guillermo , Krakowiak Fernando
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del artículo es analizar el desarrollo de Netflix en Argentina dando cuenta de su penetración en el mercado, sus estrategias empresariales, el marco regulatorio en el que opera, la composición de su catálogo local y el consumo de sus abonados. En lo que refiere al catálogo, se analizó “Netflix Originals”, sección donde la compañía incluye aquellos contenidos que considera más atractivos dentro de su oferta. La hipótesis principal es que la expansión acelerada que tuvo la plataforma en Argentina, apuntalada con acuerdos con las principales telefónicas y operadoras de televisión paga, no fue acompañada de una estrategia destinada a desarrollar la producción de contenidos locales.
The Effectiveness of Implementation of Online Lectures on Student Satisfaction in Higher Education Institutions (Case Study of the President University)
Authors: Fajrin Yeni , Santoso Adhi Setyo
Published: July 2021

This study aims to identify and obtain information about the effectiveness of the implementation of online lectures during the COVID-19 pandemic at Higher Education Institutions, especially President University. Data was collected by looking at the results of student satisfaction assessments of lecturers during the teaching and learning process, namely in the PUIS (President University Information System) system in the "Lecturing Evaluation" menu. The research used quantitative methods and data analysis used SPSS version 21 software. After the data were analyzed, the researchers conducted online interviews with 12 (twelve) lecturers. The results of this study are that there is a significant difference in satisfaction between offline and online lectures, namely, when offline class students can get knowledge directly without any technical constraints and face-to-face teaching and learning process there are values ​​that can be taken such as the process of social, cultural, ethical maturity. and morals that can only be found in the area of ​​education. In contrast to online lectures, apart from technical problems such as the unsupported internet, online classes also make students lose motivation to study because no chemistry can be built. There are different characteristics in each faculty, this is a challenge for lecturers to explore their abilities and provide new knowledge, and of course, it can be well accepted by students. Online classes will run more effectively if both lecturers and students live it with a sense of responsibility.
Diffusing Entrepreneurial Innovation and Tourism: An Empirical Evidence of Permaculture
Authors: Lucky Umeh Azubuike , De Guzman Leilani I. , Fadare Stephen Ayoade
Published: July 2021

Entrepreneurial innovation and tourism are essential factors in the economic growth of a rural agrarian area. This paper's concept is from Schumpeterian creative destructions' philosophical idea to shift rural communities' mentality from the product-based economy to diverse tourism entrepreneurship.  In achieving and sustaining the development of permaculture as a platform for rural agritourism, the social capital theory of collectivism was employed to foster the development that would deliver socio-cultural, environmental, and economic benefits to all stakeholders in the community. This paper employed a descriptive research design to analyze the diffusion of entrepreneurial innovation and tourism systematically; also, to interpret the community's attitude towards the diffusion of permaculture for agritourism. Furthermore, interviews were conducted with the key informant group among the women organization. The paper subjected its participants’ through a non-probability sampling method using cluster sampling in the three barangays of the municipality of Bokod, Province of Benguet. The study results show that the respondents were willing to accept the permaculture for tourism and were willing to commit time to develop and manage the Permaculture project. They were motivated to accept and to participate in the project because they knew the values and benefits that permaculture would bring to the community. Also, while answering contingency valuation questions, the respondent thought about the value and benefits the project would bring. This study will enable communities to develop agritourism through permaculture landscapes in the rural community and, help policymakers in planning sustainable projects to support the community in entrepreneurial innovation.
ENERGY SPECTRUM AND SOME USEFUL EXPECTATION VALUES OF THE TIETZ-HULTHÉN POTENTIAL
Authors: Bitrus Bako M. , Wadata U , Nwabueze C. M. , Eyube E. S.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, concept of supersymmetric quantum mechanics has been employed to derive expression for bound state energy eigenvalues of the Tietz-Hulthén potential, the corresponding equation for normalized radial eigenfunctions were deduced by ansatz solution technique. In dealing with the centrifugal term of the effective potential of the Schrödinger equation, a Pekeris-like approximation recipe is considered. By means of the expression for bound state energy eigenvalues and radial eigenfunctions, equations for expectation values of inverse separation-squared and kinetic energy of the Tietz-Hulthén potential were obtained from the Hellmann-Feynman theorem. Numerical values of bound state energy eigenvalues and expectation values of inverse separation-squared and kinetic energy the Tietz-Hulthén potential were computed at arbitrary principal and angular momentum quantum numbers. Results obtained for computed energy eigenvalues of Tietz-Hulthén potential corresponding to Z = 0 and V0 = 0 are in excellent agreement with available literature data for Tietz and Hulthén potentials respectively. Studies have also revealed that increase in parameter Z results in monotonic increase in the mean kinetic energy of the system. The results obtained in this work may find suitable applications in areas of physics such as: atomic physics, chemical physics, nuclear physics and solid state physics
MICROFACIES ANALYSIS OF CRETACEOUS SEDIMENTS OF DUKUL FORMATION, YOLA SUB-BASIN, NORTHERN BENUE TROUGH, NIGERIA: PALEO-ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Yandoka Babangida M. Sarki
Published: July 2021

Carbonate microfacies analysis was conducted on the exposed sediments of Dukul Formation from Yola Sub-basin of the Northern Benue Trough with an objective to reconstruct the paleodepositional environment. The study revealed four (4) major microfacies; oyster wackestone, ostracod oyster wackestone-packestone, bioclastic wackestone and bioclastic packestone microfacies. The microfacies assemblages indicate and affirm that the Dukul Formation sediments were deposited in shallow marine (mid-inner ramp) environment under suboxic to relatively anoxic conditions due to sea-level drop. This is further supported owing to the occurence of corals, brachiopods, bivalves and ostracods immediately below the mean fair-weather wave base (FWWB)
SENSITIVITAS HASIL UJI MODEL FISIK TERHADAP PERBEDAAN PENGGUNAAN ANGKA KEKASARAN n-MANNING
Authors: Maini Miskar , Legono Djoko
Published: July 2021

Perencanaan bangunan hidraulik membutuhkan analisis yang komprehensif sehingga sarana standar pemodelan hidraulik untuk desain jenis struktur hidraulik terdiri dari model fisik hidraulik berskala sangat diperlukan. Batasan utama dari teknik eksperimental pada model fisik adalah efek skala yang terkait disebabkan oleh ketidakmungkinan untuk menyamakan semua rasio gaya dalam prototip dan model, terutama dalam pemodelan kekasaran n-Manning di saluran terbuka. Untuk mensimulasikan model fisik dari pemodelan kekasaran n-Manning di skala model hidraulik tentu harus dilakukan validasi terkait berbagai aspek aliran yang dilakukan dalam uji model fisik, skala prototip disimulasikan, dan efek skala diperiksa. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk merepresentasikan kekasaran n-Manning dengan tepat dari prototip ke skala model, Studi ini menginvestigasi sensitivitas yang didapat dari penggunaan kekasaran hidraulik untuk Persamaan Manning (n), dengan fokus pada akurasi dan batasan dari persamaan Manning. Nilai rata-rata penggunaan skala model kekasaran n-Manning yang didapatkan dari tes model sebesar 27,27% atau skala 1:27 (rasio Lr = 3,67), hasil ini sangat berbeda dari nilai ekpektasi penggunaan skala model yang direncanakan dengan skala 25% (1/4 dari prototip) atau skala 1:25 (rasio Lr = 4), sehingga terjadi deviasi sensitivitas rata-rata dengan persentase mencapai 2,27%. Sedangkan hasil nilai n-Manning ekspektasi didapatkan nilai rata-rata persentase sensitivitas sebesar 20,75% (1/5 dari prototip) atau skala 1:20 (rasio Lr = 5). Sedangkan analisis koefisien korelasi nilai n-Manning yang didapatkan nilai R2 = 0,648, MER =-31,5, dan RMSE= 0,0006. Semua penggunaan elemen kekasaran n-Manning yang dibuat dengan skala 1:25 (rasio Lr = 4) memberikan tingkat kesalahan rata-rata mencapai +31%.
Biometry and histomorphometry of female reproductive system of Black Bengal goats of Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin A.B.M.J. , Akter T. , Siddiqui S.I. , Nooruzzaman M. , Khan M.A.H.N.A. , Hossain M.M.
Published: July 2021

Background: The reproductive physiology of goat is least understood compared to cattle, sheep and pig and most of the description of goat is usually made as if it is identical to sheep. The biometric and histomorphometric analyses of female reproductive system of Black Bengal goats were performed in this study.
Methods: During October 2016 to February 2019 a total of 200 female reproductive tracts (50 from each age category of ≤ 6 months (m), 7-12 m, 13-18 m and 19-24 m) were collected and examined from various slaughter houses of Kishoreganj district of Bangladesh. For biometric study the length, width and weight of different segments of female reproductive tracts were measured. In addition, the morphometry of different parts of female genitalia was analyzed at histology. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's Multiple Comparison Test was performed to compare between different age groups and paired organs.
Results: Overall the size of most parts of the reproductive tract of goats increased with ages and 19-24 m group had the highest values. In paired organs such as ovaries, uterine tubes and uterine horns, the right organs were significantly bigger than the left one. Similarly, at morphometric analysis, the length of all histologic parts such as cortex and medulla of ovary, tunica mucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica serosa of uterine tube, uterus, vagina and vulva increased significantly with ages and the highest values observed at age category of 19-24 m. Conclusion: The knowledge of the biometrical and morphometric parameters of female genitalia of Black Bengal goats would help in performing artificial insemination, pregnancy diagnosis and treating infertility related problems.
公路桥梁伸缩缝病害的成因及防治研究
Authors: 佘 晔
Published: July 2021

近年来，在社会快速发展的带动下，各个领域的发展都取得了良好的成绩，从而为公路桥梁工程行业的发展起到了良好的辅助作用。在公路桥梁工程中伸缩缝的出现主要是受到了车辆行驶所带来的冲击力而造成的，但是因为受到外界多方面因素的影响公路桥梁工程在长时间的使用过程中往往会出现各类病害的问题，从而会对公路桥梁工程的整体防水性能以及使用效果造成诸多的损害。所以我们需要围绕公路桥梁伸缩缝病害问题展开全面分析研究，并且针对性的制定预防和解决方案，从而切实的对公路桥梁伸缩缝病害问题加以解决。
石油化工工程中工艺管道安装施工存在的问题与对策
Authors: 陈 俊生
Published: July 2021

在石油化工企业生产过程中，管道安装质量是非常关键的，其直接影响企业生产的安全，因为在湿滑反应过程中，一旦出现泄漏问题，就会对周围的环境产生很大的影响。所以石油化工企业必须要对管道安装的质量予以高度的重视，通过提高风险控制措施，制定科学合理的管理对策，不断提高管道安装的技术和工艺水平，为石化企业的健康发展提供可靠的保障和动力。但是在管道安装过程中因为一些原因的影响对其安装质量产生很大的影响，从而产生一些问题，因此在文章中我们主要对石化管道安装过程中出现的问题以及解决措施进行了详细的分析与探讨，以供参考。
计算机软件开发中JAVA编程语言及其实际应用研究
Authors: 马 凌择
Published: July 2021

随着计算机技术和互联网的迅速发展，人们的日常生活越发受到影响。信息化时代中，人们增加了获取信息的渠道，并需要应用专门的计算机软件来提升工作效率。在此背景下，应用JAVA语言的范围较广，其具有可持续拓展的特点。文章介绍了JAVA计算机编程语言的特点，并根据这些特点提出JAVA语言在实际中的应用。
浅谈环境工程中固体废物的治理
Authors: 尹 靖
Published: July 2021

当前社会对于环境保护工作意识越来越高，相应的环境工程与快速发展，特别是其中的固体废物处理工作，已经成为社会关注的重点。基于此，文章首先就固体废物的定义和分类进行论述，然后针对固体废物对环境造成的污染展开介绍，最后就固体废物的治理措施提出几点建议，希望可以促进环境工程中固体废物的有效治理。
测绘工程中无人机技术的应用探讨
Authors: 蒋 德洪
Published: July 2021

近年来，在多方面利好因素的影响下我国科学技术得到了良好的发展进步，为无人机技术水平的提升起到了积极的辅助作用。无人机技术自身拥有良好的实用性，所以受到了人们的广泛青睐，被大范围的运用到了相关领域之中，并且取得了良好的成绩。在将无人机技术加以实践运用的时候，可以借助无人机搭载专业遥感设备来获取需要的影像资料，收集相关数据信息，这样就可以在不同的环境下完成测量测绘工作，从而对以往老旧测绘技术中存在的问题加以解决。其次，在建筑工程行业飞速发展的形势下，无人机技术得以大范围的运用，对于相关专业领域的发展是非常有帮助的。
城市河道整治中生态护坡设计分析
Authors: 蒋 琪
Published: July 2021

伴随人们生活水平的提高以及生活观念的转变，人与自然和谐相处的生态理念愈发受到重视。生态护坡设计是城市河道整治中的关键环节，其核心工作是通过对河道周边环境以及水资源利用进行综合的考量，在满足排涝、抗洪等功能的前提下，达到生态效益的最大化。文章从分析城市河道整治中生态护坡的设计原则以及设计重难点入手，探究其技术要点以及有效实践方式。
SDoT-NFV: A Distributed SDN Based Security System with IoT for Smart City Environments
Authors: Islam Md Jahidul , Rahman Anichur , Kabir Sumaiya , Khatun Ayesha , Pritom Ahmed Iqbal , Chowdhury Mehrab Zaman
Published: July 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a key developing innovation aimed at linking objects via the Internet. While, Software Defined Networking (SDN) is another modern network- ing domain intelligence innovation that increases network effi- ciency and enhances security, reliability, and protection through dynamic software programs. In this paper, we proposed a distributed secure SDoT-NFV architecture for smart cities with Network Function Virtualization (NFV) implementation. We integrated highly protected SDN that delivers better network ef- ficiency, protection, and privacy results. It also secures metadata within each layer as well as payload. In addition, this architecture attempted to implement a more efficient method for constructing a cluster via SDN. Moreover, SDN-IoT with the NFV ideas brings benefits in terms of energy conservation and load balancing to the relevant fields. In addition, several distributed controllers have suggested enhancing accessibility, integrity, anonymity, con- fidentiality, and so on. We also implemented an energy-efficient Cluster Head Selection (CHS) algorithm to make use of our proposed architecture. The network offers greater protection of each network layer as opposed to the traditional network in the proposed architecture. Lastly, we analyze the efficiency of the proposed architecture with different network parameters (throughput, RTT, and Time sequence) for smart cities.

GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 7, Dec 2020 P 27-35
Identification of Potential Groundwater Bearing Zones by Hydrostratigrafic Analysis in the Eastern Part of Kushtia District
Authors: Shahinuzzaman M , Khan M Nasir Uddin , Islam Md Khairul , Islam Md Zahidul
Published: July 2021

The study was conducted to analyze the groundwater potential zones in the Eastern part of Kushtia district. Secondary data collected from Bangladesh Agriculture Development Board Corporation (BADC) and borehole data of 119 locations have been processed, analyzed and interpreted for studying the hydrogeological properties. The sub-surface groundwater-bearing sequence of the area up to the depth of 97 m have been classified into two main hydrostratigraphic units- aquitard and aquifer, consisting of clay-silt-sand and sands of different granular respectively. The 18-30 m thick aquitard is covering a major part of the study area. The thickness of main aquifers is varying from 0.9-30 m and 27-67 m consisting of fine-medium to coarse sand. The yield potential index is 1.3-13.0. However, from the obtained results, it can be concluded that the area is suitable for groundwater potentiality.

GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 7, Dec 2020 P 36-41
Role of Climatic Conditions on the Incidence of Varicella in an Out-patient Clinic of a Tertiary Care Pediatric Hospital at Dhaka
Authors: Hussain Mahfuza , Amin Md Nurul , Islam Md Rafiqul
Published: July 2021

Background & objective : Chicken pox or varicella is a disease of both tropical and temperate zones bearing a complex-relationship with climatic variables, like temperature, rainfall and relative humidity, wind velocity and so on. As no study has, by far, been conducted to relate its occurrence with these climatic variables in Bangladesh, this study was intended to explore the effect of weather conditions on the incidence of varicella in Dhaka city of Bangladesh.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study obtained data of 172 varicella cases from the records of the daily register of Out-patient Department of Dhaka Shisu Hospital, Dhaka between January 2018 to December 2019. According to the study protocol a child was diagnosed as having varicella or chicken pox who had a history of short febrile illness accompanied by a pruritic vesicular eruption (on the face and trunk)) of the skin and mucous membranes which ultimate weeps out and crusts. Total number of cases treated monthly at Out-patient Department (OPD) during the period was also recorded. Climatic data were provided by Bangladesh Meteorological Department, which among others, included monthly average temperature, relative humidity (RH) and amount of rainfall or precipitation. While the outcome variable was monthly number of varicella cases, the predictive variables were average temperature, humidity and rainfall during the study period.

Result: Over 70% of children were 1-10 years old with median age of the children being 5.5 years (range: < 1 month -14 years). Boys were a bit higher (54%) than the girls (46%). A seasonal pattern of chicken pox was seen with clustering of cases between mid-February to mid-April (spring season) with two peaks – one in February and another in April, when monthly average temperature, total rainfall and humidity all were at their optimum. The peak incidences of chicken pox cases during the spring both in 2018 and 2019 as correlated with climatic data of the same period, it is seen that the prevailing weather then was optimum-average temperature was 23°C, average precipitation was 20-25% of the total annual precipitation and relative humidity was around 65%.

Conclusion: The study concluded that majority of the varicella cases occur under ten years of age and boys are a little more susceptible to have the infection than the girls. A seasonal pattern of chicken pox is clearly seen with clustering of cases between mid-February to mid-April (spring season) with two peaks when monthly average temperature, total rainfall and humidity all are optimally favorable for the multiplication of varicella zoster virus.

Ibrahim Card Med J 2020; 10 (1&2): 11-17
Routine VDRL Test in Pregnant Women: How Justified Is It?
Authors: A Anar Mosammat Gul , Ghani Tabassum , Islam Md Zahidul , Shilpi Mst Zinat Rehana , Ara Ehsan , Parvin Rehana , Hossain Dina Layla , Ahmed Marshia , Akhanda Rumnaz
Published: July 2021

Background & objective: The present study was undertaken to justify the role of routine antenatal screening for syphilis using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test in Bangladeshi pregnant women.

Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics Inpatient and Outpatient, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) and selected Private Clinics over a period of 6 months between January 2016 to June 2016. Pregnant women attending at the above-mentioned places during the study period were the study population. A total of 371 women attending at antenatal clinic at OPD or admitted in the Inpatient Department of DMCH were consecutively included. The outcome variable was outcome of VDRL test.

Result: In the present study, the mean age of the pregnant women was 24.3 years. In terms of occupation, housewife comprised the main bulk (78.8%). About 64% were multigravida and 60% were primipara. Of the 371 pregnant women subjected to VDRL test, only 4(1.1%) exhibited reactive. About one-third of the women had history of past abortion. Of them two-thirds had experienced abortion once. Of the aborted cases 57% were spontaneous and 43% induced. Ten percent of the women gave the history of delivering dead baby. Three-quarters of the dead babies were fresh, 22.2% had skin lesion and only one was macerated. Half of the women had history of vaginal discharge, 27.2% itching in vagina and vulva and 17% dysuria. However, very few husbands had dysuria, pus discharge through urethra or ulcer in the genital region. About 10% of women gave the history opthalmia neonatrum in their children born in the past. History of dysuria was rare (0.8%), but pus discharged from urethra of their husbands was 12.1%. HbsAg was found positive in 5(1.3%) cases and pus-cell in urine in 41(11.1%) cases.

Conclusion: The study concluded that pregnant women with VDRL test positivity in Bangladeshi population are low and, as such, the role of routine antenatal screening for syphilis with VDRL test should be re-considered.

Ibrahim Card Med J 2020; 10 (1&2): 89-95
A Study on Effects of Magnesium Sulphate Infusion in Preventing Cardiac Arrhythmia During Off Pump Beating Heart Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Surgery
Authors: Saha Samar Chandra , Rahman Md Ataur , Khanam Shafeya , Sharmin Saria
Published: July 2021

Objective: The objective of the present study was to see the effect of magnesium in preventing cardiac arrhythmias in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.

Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Anesthesia, Analgesia and Intensive Care Medicine (Cardiac Anesthesia Wing) of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka who underwent CABG surgery under general anaesthesia. A total of 60 patients scheduled for CABG were consecutively selected and were randomly divided into study group and control group. Patients aged 35-70 years irrespective of sex, ASA grade I & II, NYHA functional class I & II and ejection fraction 35-65% were included in the study. The study group was treated by vecuronium, fentanyl and magnesium sulphate infusion, while the control group was treated by vecuronium and fentanyl infusion. The demographic variables, preoperative clinical characteristics, peroperative variables and haemodynamic findings were observed at different time intervals.

Results: The mean ages of the study and control groups were 51.0 ± 6.9 years and 53.8 ± 6.2 years respectively. Males demonstrated their predominance in both magnesium (83.3%) and control (76.7%) groups. The distribution of preoperative confounding factors like diabetes, previous MI, hypertension and ejection fraction were not statistically different between the study groups. Two-thirds (67.7%) of the patients in magnesium group and 53.3% in the control group required 3 grafts. Number of 4 grafts in magnesium and control groups was 20% and 30% respectively and that of 2 grafts was 13.3% and 16.7% respectively. In the study group, out of 30 patients, 3(10%) developed arrhythmia, while in the control group out of 30 patients, 5(16.7%) developed arrhythmia (p = 0.353).The haemodynamic parameters in patients receiving magnesium were more stable during the whole period of observation.

Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that magnesium could reduce the development of arrhythmia to an acceptable level in patients undergoing beating heart CABG surgery. However, further study with large sample is recommended to achieve a conclusive remark.

Ibrahim Card Med J 2017; 7 (1&2): 37-43
Clinicopathological Study of Renal Cell Carcinoma - A Study of 100 Cases
Authors: Khan Md Mohiur Rahman , Hassan Muhammad Raaqul , Rahman Fahmin , Chowdhury ATM Mowladad
Published: July 2021

Background & objective: Renal Cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 2 – 3% of all malignant adult neoplasm and is associated with a mortality of 30-40%. It is not well responding to the conventional chemo and radiotherapy and in early stages of the disease,radical nephrectomy is the treatment of choice. A detailed clinoco-pathological study is of paramount importance to understand its management. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics and histopathological spectrum of RCC.

Methods: This Cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Urology, BIRDEM General Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital over a period 10 months from June 2013 to March 2014. All FNA positive renal cell carcinomas were included in the study. A total of 100 cases of RCC irrespective of age and sex were selected and their anatomical distribution, clinical presentation, stage at presentation and histopathological type were studied.

Result: The peak incidence of renal cell carcinoma was observed to be between 4th and 5th decades of life. The median age was 52.3 years. A male predominance was observed in the series with male-to-female ration being 3:1. Two-thirds (67%) of the patients were diagnosed incidentally, 23% presented with pain and heamaturia and 10% with loin mass. A sizable proportion of the patients was found to have paraneoplastic syndrome [raised ESR (60%), hypertension (50%), anaemia(40%), weight loss (15%), pyrexia (2%)and hypercalcamia (2%)]. Tumours mainly involved the right kidney in its upper pole (55%). In 60% cases the size of the tumour extends between 3-7 cm. Most of the tumours were diagnosed at Robsing stage II (66%). Histopathological diagnosis showed that 70% had clear cell sub-type RCC, 20% papillary sub-type, 5% chromophobe and 5% othersub-types.

Conclusion: Renal cell carcinoma generally occurs in older persons with a male preponderance, It occurs mainly in right kidney preferably in the upper pole. Patients usually present with paraneoplastic syndrome (raised ESR, hypertension, anaemia, weight loss etc.). The typical triad of pain, flank mass and microscopic hematuria is rare. Two-thirds of the RCC are diagnosed incidentally at Rosing stage-II and majority is of clear-cell sub type.

Ibrahim Card Med J 2018; 8 (1&2): 17-22
Analisis Algoritma K-Means Clustering Untuk Daerah Penyebaran Sampah di Kota Bekasi
Authors: Ruwandara Dinda , Jajuli Mohamad , Rizal Adhi
Published: July 2021

Sampah sudah menjadi masalah nasional. Masalah sampah terkait erat dengan pertumbuhan populasi, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan perubahan pola konsumsi. Penduduk Kota Bekasi setiap hari menghasilkan 1900 ton sampah ke Tempat Pembuangan Akhir tanpa membutuhkan biaya kecil dan armada yang cukup serta lahan Tempat Pembuangan Akhir yang luas. Fasilitas dan infrastruktur pengolahan sampah adalah kebutuhan utama untuk meringankan masalah sampah. Data mining dapat digunakan dalam  menemukan area distribusi sampah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengelompokkan distribusi sampah dengan sampah tinggi, sedang dan rendah di Kota Bekasi. Pengujian dilakukan dengan 3 skenario berbeda dan nilai K untuk mendapatkan nilai K optimal. Setelah itu, dilakukan 3 skenario dan nilai benih acak berbeda dilakukan. pengujian dievaluasi menggunakan SSE (Sum of Square Error). Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa jumlah optimal K3 dengan selisih sebesar SSE 58.889504 pada tahun 2018. Sedangkan pada 2019 memiliki selisih sebesar SSE 47.15601. Cluster pada tahun 2018 dari tiga nilai random seed (S) menghasilkan nilai yang sama dengan nilai SSE 26.03858, 2019 cluster dari tiga nilai S menghasilkan nilai paling optimal pada S = 25 dengan nilai SSE 33.868462.
SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT SKIZOFRENIA DENGAN FORWARD CHAINING DAN BAYESIAN NETWORK
Authors: Salam Abu
Published: July 2021

Skizofrenia merupakan gangguan kesehatan jiwa yang menjadi permasalahan masyarakat yang sangat penting serta harus memperoleh perhatian dari pemerintah. Berdasarkan hasil dari Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RisKesDas) pada tahun 2013 di negara Indonesia terdapat 1,7 dari 1000 warga atau kurang lebih 400.000 orang yang menderita penyakit Skizofrenia. Kurang meratanya tenaga kesehatan di bidang kejiwaan memperburuk penanganan yang seharusnya dapat segera dilakukan. Sistem pakar merupakan jawaban yang tepat untuk permasalahan tersebut karena sistem pakar adalah suatu sistem yang dirancang untuk dapat menirukan keahlian seorang pakar atau ahli dalam menjawab pertanyaan  dan memecahkan suatu masalah berdasarkan gejala yang diidap oleh pasien. Sistem pakar ini menggunakan metode forward chaining untuk mendapatkan sebuah kesimpulan dari gejala-gejala skizofrenia yang dimiliki oleh pasien dan bayesian network untuk menghitung seberapa akurat suatu sistem pakar tersebut mengidentifikasi suatu masalah. Sistem ini dibangun menggunkan web dengan  bahasa pemrogaman PHP serta databsae MySQL untuk menyimpan data skizofrenia. Proses pengujian fungsionalitas sistem pakar ini berjalan dengan baik serta tingkat akurasi tiap-tiap gejala mendapatkan hasil diatas 80%.
Smart Dashboard Multimedia pada Sistem Informasi Akademik
Authors: Murad Dina Fitria , Laily Rohmatul , Yosaputra Michellia
Published: July 2021

Informasi yang tepat dan sesuai kebutuhan penggunanya menjadi sebuah kebutuhan di era milenial ini. Para pengguna system menginginkan informasi yang tepat guna secara cepat melalui sebuah laman pada situs. Hal tersebut melatarbelakangi tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan dashboard sistem informasi yang smart dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan jurusan dan mahasiswa BINUS Online Learning. System yanag kami bangun dirancang menggunakan metode System Development Life Cycle dengan pendekatan waterfall dengan 4 diagram pada UML untuk pemodelan bisnis prosesnya, serta wawancara dengan mahasiswa dan perwakilan jurusan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan pada sistem berjalan menggunakan SWOT diketahui bahwa untuk strategi SO perlu peningkatan kualitas LMS dengan merancang fitur-fitur yang belum tersedia, untuk strategi WO perlu merancang dashboard sesuai dengan kebutuhan mahasiswa dan jurusan, semntara itu untuk strategi ST membuat laporan perkuliahan sementara bagi jurusan selama sistem usulan belum atau sedang dirancang dan strategi WT meminta kritik dan saran kepada mahasiswa dan dosen atas performa LMS secara berkala dan terus mengembangkan LMS berdasarkan kebutuhan. Hasil analisis dimappingkan kedalam perancangan sistem informasi akademik berupa dashboard sistem informasi yang smart dan dapat membantu mahasiswa dalam mendapatkan informasi perkuliahan serta menghasilkan laporan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan jurusan
“I Said Something Wrong”: Transworld Obligation inYesterday
Authors: Gimbel Steven , Wilk Thomas
Published: July 2021

Danny Boyle's film Yesterday (2019) is a contemporary morality play in which the main character, Jack Malik, a failing singer-songwriter, is magically sent to a different possible world in which the Beatles never existed. Possessing his memory of the Beatles’ catalogue in the new possible world, he is now in sole possession of an extremely valuable artifact. Recording and performing the songs of the Beatles and passing them off as his own, he becomes rich, famous, and deeply unhappy. Once he confesses his wrong-doing, however, he is redeemed and his life becomes wonderful. The presupposition that underlays the plot is that in claiming authorship of the songs of the Beatles in a world in which the Beatles never existed, he is acting immorally. But on what theoretical grounds can this intuitive judgment be justified? Can one plagiarize work for which there is no author in one's world? Saul Kripke, in Naming and Necessity, dubs terms that refer in all possible worlds to be “rigid designators” and considers the metaphysics necessary to support them. In this case, it is not reference but moral responsibility that is invariant under changes of possible world and so we must ask a similar question for “rigid obligators.” We argue that a virtue ethics approach is the only way to support the foundational moral intuition.
The Representation of Animals in the Qur'an and theMufaḍḍaliyyāt
Authors: Payen Nicolas
Published: July 2021

The position that the Qur'an allocates to animals has been studied either according to the principles of internal criticism, or within the framework of theologians’ reception of the Qur'an. Departing from these two options, this paper will draw a comparison with the Mufaḍḍaliyyāt, an anthology gathering poems relatively near to the Qur'an in space and time. It will be shown that neither poetry nor the Qur'an possess a word that refers to animals as a class, but the latter sketches a cursory categorisation system of the living world. In contrast to widespread opinion, the poets are not more meaningfully interested in animals, with the noticeable exception of mounts, than the sacred book. Furthermore, network modelling enables us to discover that both documents depict sharply contrasting bestiaries. We should therefore revise the generally accepted idea that the Qur'an appeared in a Bedouin society similar to that of the poets. However, close textual comparison between the representation of animals in the Qur'an and the poems in the Mufaḍḍaliyyāt gives us a better understanding of Q. 22:27, which would not be possible without recourse to poetry.
Functional methods of investigation of respiratory system in asthma
Authors: Savushkina O. I. , Cherniak A. V. , Kryukov E. V.
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the application of functional methods for the study of the respiratory system, such as spirometry, bronchodilatation test, stress testing to detect bronchial hyperreactivity, provocative test with metacholine, impulse oscillometry, body plethysmography for the diagnosis, following up and prediction of the course of asthma.
Different predicted values — different conclusions?
Authors: Struchkov P. V. , Kiryukhina D. , Drozdov D. V. , Shchelykalina S. P. , Manichev I. A.
Published: July 2021

The analysis of the differences in the spirometry estimation using different predicted values systems (Clement R.F., ECSC-1993, Knudson R.J, and GLI2012) have been made. The predicted values for volume indicators (FVC and FEV1) calculated using the GLI-2012 system were higher than those of the first three systems, while the flow indicators (FEF25-75 and MEF75), on the contrary, were lower. This difference has led to a different assessment of deviation of normal when using different predicted values systems. This is especially true when the values are near the evaluated areas borders.
Comparative study of different organic mulches for increased wheat productivity district Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Raza Ahmad , Nawaz Muhammad , Chattha Muhammad U. , Khan Imran , Chattha Muhammad B. , Kharal Mina , Anjum Faqir H. , Hussain Fiaz , Iqbal Muhammad M. , Aslam Muhammad T. , Amin Muhammad Z. , Hassan Muhammad U.
Published: July 2021

Weeds are major threat to global wheat production and cause serious threat to food security. Likewise, water scarcity is also a major threat to food production and its intensity is continuously soaring up across the globe. Organic mulches have potential to reduce weeds growth and conserve the soil moisture thus ensures the better crop growth and yield. Therefore, present study was conducted to compare the performance of different organic mulches in improving wheat growth and productivity. The study was comprised of different organic mulches; M1= No mulch (control) M2= maize straw mulch, M3= wheat straw mulch, M4= sorghum straw mulch and M5= rice straw mulch and three nitrogen levels N1 = 90 kg, N2 = 120 kg and N3= 150 kg/ha. The results indicated that both organic mulches and N rates had significant impact on growth, and yield traits. The maximum leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), productive tillers (307 m-2), grains/spike (46.22), 1000 grain weight (42.33 g) biological yield (13.76 t/ha) and grain yield 4.75 t/ha was obtained with sorghum straw mulch and minimum productive tillers (255.33 m-2), grains/spike (36.22), biological yield (11.46 t/ha) and grain yield (3.59 t/ha) was recorded in no mulch (control). Among nitrogen levels maximum productive tillers (290.6 m-2), grains/spike (42.80), 1000 grain weight (40.65 g), biological yield (13.44 t/ha) and grain yield (4.32 t/ha) was obtained with 150 kg/ha N and minimum productive tillers (274 m-2), grains/spike (38.13), 1000 grain weight (36.94 g) biological yield (11.98 t/ha) and grain yield (3.90 t/ha) was obtained with 90 N kg/ha. Thus, farmers can use sorghum straw mulch and N (150 kg ha-1) to improve the wheat productivity. However, farmers must be educated by government institute and adoptive research farms in order to understand and adaption of this approach.
EPIphany—A Platform for Analysis and Visualization of Peptide Immunoarray Data
Authors: Parker Cates Zoe , Facciuolo Antonio , Hogan Daniel , Griebel Philip J. , Napper Scott , Kusalik Anthony J.
Published: July 2021

Antibodies are critical effector molecules of the humoral immune system. Upon infection or vaccination, populations of antibodies are generated which bind to various regions of the invading pathogen or exogenous agent. Defining the reactivity and breadth of this antibody response provides an understanding of the antigenic determinants and enables the rational development and assessment of vaccine candidates. High-resolution analysis of these populations typically requires advanced techniques such as B cell receptor repertoire sequencing, mass spectrometry of isolated immunoglobulins, or phage display libraries that are dependent upon equipment and expertise which are prohibitive for many labs. High-density peptide microarrays representing diverse populations of putative linear epitopes (immunoarrays) are an effective alternative for high-throughput examination of antibody reactivity and diversity. While a promising technology, widespread adoption of immunoarrays has been limited by the need for, and relative absence of, user-friendly tools for consideration and visualization of the emerging data. To address this limitation, we developed EPIphany, a software platform with a simple web-based user interface, aimed at biological users, that provides access to important analysis parameters, data normalization options, and a variety of unique data visualization options. This platform provides researchers the greatest opportunity to extract biologically meaningful information from the immunoarray data, thereby facilitating the discovery and development of novel immuno-therapeutics.
Photosensitization With Supramolecular Arrays for Enhanced Antimicrobial Photodynamic Treatments
Authors: Vera Cecilia , Tulli Fiorella , Borsarelli Claudio D.
Published: July 2021

Microbial infections represent a silent threat to health that has worsened in recent decades due to microbial resistance to multiple drugs, preventing the fight against infectious diseases. Therefore, the current postantibiotic era forces the search for new microbial control strategies. In this regard, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using supramolecular arrays with photosensitizing capabilities showed successful emerging applications. This exciting field makes it possible to combine applied aspects of molecular photochemistry and supramolecular chemistry, together with the development of nano- and biomaterials for the design of multifunctional or “smart” supramolecular photosensitizers (SPS). This minireview aims to collect the concepts of the photosensitization process and supramolecular chemistry applied to the development of efficient applications of aPDT, with a brief discussion of the most recent literature in the field.
Autologous Platelet- and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Plasma Is an Effective Treatment Modality for Chronic Postoperative Temporal Bone Cavity Inflammation: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Vozel Domen , Božič Darja , Jeran Marko , Jan Zala , Pajnič Manca , Pađen Ljubiša , Steiner Nejc , Kralj-Iglič Veronika , Battelino Saba
Published: July 2021

Purpose

To determine the efficacy of autologous platelet- and extracellular vesicle-rich plasma (PVRP) to treat chronic postoperative temporal bone cavity inflammation (CPTBCI) after exhausting surgical and standard conservative therapies.

Materials and Methods

Patients were randomly allocated to treatment with PVRP (PVRP group) or standard conservative methods (control group) in a setting of four once-monthly checkups and subsequent follow-up. The treatment outcome was measured with the Chronic Otitis Media Questionnaire-12 (COMQ-12), CPTBCI focus surface area, and CPTBCI symptom-free time after the fourth checkup.

Results

Eleven patients from each group completed the trial; 95% of patients suffered from chronically discharging mastoid cavity (the type of CPTBCI). Within four checkups, the COMQ-12 score decreased statistically significantly in the PVRP group (p< 0.001) but not in the control group (p= 0.339). The CPTBCI foci surface area decreased statistically significantly between the first and second checkups (p< 0.0005) but not between other checkups (p> 0.05) in the PVRP group. No statistically significant differences in CPTBCI foci surface area were detected between checkups in the control group (p= 0.152). Nine patients from the PVRP group and three patients from the control group were CPTBCI symptom-free at the fourth checkup. The median symptom-free time was 9.2 months (95% CI [7.4, 11.9]) in the PVRP group. Cumulatively, 49% of patients in the PVRP group remained CPTBCI symptom-free for 12.7 months after the fourth checkup.

Conclusion

Autologous PVRP represents a novel additional and successful treatment modality for a chronically discharging radical mastoid cavity when the surgical and standard conservative treatment methods have been exhausted.

Trial Number

https://clinicaltrials.gov(NCT04281901).