bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Notes For Supporting An Epistemological Neuropsychology: Contributions From Three Perspectives
Authors: Barrera Valencia Mauricio , Calderón Delgado Liliana
Published: August 2016

A review of the epistemological basis of neuropsychology is done in order to clarify its foundations and its dual status as a discipline rooted in biology and psychology. This work is justified from two fundamental issues that are faced by neuropsychology: from an external perspective based on the upswing of certain disciplines, which by definition seem to have similar subjects of study to neuropsychology; however, given the complexity of the study of the relationship between the behavior and the brain, it leads to a duplicity of efforts that do not add anything to the understanding of the subject matter. On the other hand, from an internal perspective, the main issue appears when diverse theoretical positions are presented within neuropsychology as schools that must stand as if they were the only perspective. To provide a tentative answer, this paper reviews three theoretical approaches within neuropsychology: Russian reflexology and the cultural-historical perspective, connectionism, and cognitive neuropsychology. The conclusion leads towards a set of principles that, as a proposal, should guide the discipline development.
DSM-5 Boom o esperanza
Authors: Cuartas Arias Jorge Mauricio , López Jaramillo Carlos
Published: August 2016

After fourteen years of review, the expected update of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has generated great controversy among psychiatrists and psychologists around the world. So far, it is known that the new version (DSM-5), officially presented for the first time in May 18 of this year as part of the annual meeting of the American Psychiatric Association (APA), will be available in Spanish language at the beginning of 2014. However, the reviews and comments for and against the new version suggest that there is no consensus in the scientific community to address mental illness. Beyond the instructive of categorical diagnosis that has prevailed in previous versions and a good part of the new text, the dimensional proposal is articulated with the use of clinical subtypes, severity levels and the inclusion of transverse symptoms, which allow to have a deterioration or
Fatigue, mood, and sleep, during intraperitoneal chemotherapy: a pilot case control study
Authors: Jim Heather , Barata Anna , Wenham Robert , Jacobsen Paul
Published: August 2016

The goal of this pilot study was to compare longitudinal changes in fatigue, depressive symptoms, sleep, and activity in women (n = 10) undergoing intraperitoneal (IP) versus intravenous (IV) chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. Fatigue and depressive symptoms were assessed via self –report and sleep and activity via wrist actigraphy in the week before and the week after the first infusion. Both groups demonstrated increases in fatigue and depressive symptoms, declines in sleep, reduced daytime activity, and decreased rhythmicity of sleep/activity patterns (p<.05). Effect sizes for within-group comparisons tended to be higher in the IP group (ds = -.15 to -8.03) than the IV group (ds = .12 to 1.40). Between-group comparisons revealed that IP patients demonstrated trends towards more severe symptoms post-chemotherapy in nearly all outcomes (p<.10). These results suggest that IP patients experience large increases in fatigue, depressive symptoms, and alterations in sleep and activity relative to IV patients.
Locus of control in graduation students
Authors: Haider Zaidi Imran , Mohsin M. Naeem
Published: August 2016

The current research focused on exploring the direction of Locus of control as well as gender difference on locus of control among graduation students in Pakistan. A 29 item Locus of Control questionnaire (Rotter, 1966) was used to measure locus of control. Sample of (N=200) individuals (n=100) men and (n=100) women selected from different academic institutes of Faisalabad division Punjab Pakistan. Independent sample t-test was used for statistical analysis. This study has consistent results with the earlier studies. Results of this research indicate that men has internal locus of control and women scored high on external locus of control. So the gender difference is significant on Locus of Control. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future researches are discussed.
The emotion of disgust in Italian students: a measure of the synthetic disgust index
Authors: Settineri Salvatore , Mucciardi Massimo , Leonardi Valentina , Mallamace Domenico , Mento Carmela
Published: August 2016

Research in the field of emotions has highlighted that men and women differ as regards the perception and reaction to disgust. The aim of our study was to analyse, by means of a questionnaire on disgust, any gender differences regarding this feeling in its various dimensions, viewed both individually and globally. For this purpose a synthetic indicator was developed to evaluate the expression of disgust and identify any individual differences. The sample of 1587 subjects were given a questionnaire on disgust that contained items to elicit disgust. Statistical analysis was performed on the items and on the scores via a synthetic indicator, the Synthetic Disgust Index (SDI).The analysis revealed a different trend in different types of disgust for age and sex. In males. The oral disgust and contamination showed a reduction of SDI in the age group between 18 and 39 years (p<0.05) and a maximum score in the group of subjects 40-64 years. In females the maximum score was present in the first group (0-17 ) for all dimensions of disgust except for disgust for aggressive content (p<0.05). The oral disgust and contamination showed a reduction of SDI in the age group between 18 and 39 years (p<0.05) with a general tendency to decrease with age.
Regulación materna y esfuerzo de control emocional en niños pequeños
Authors: Esquivel Y Ancona María Fayne , García Cabrero Benilde , Montero Y López Lena María , Valencia Cruz Alejandra
Published: August 2016

El esfuerzo de control es un componente regulatorio de la emoción (Calkins & Hill, 2007). Este estudio descriptivo analizó la relación entre las estrategias de corregulación maternas y de regulación de los niños para evaluar su esfuerzo por controlar el enojo.Participaron 19 díadas (madre-hijo) con niños de entre 18 y 36 meses de edad, divididos en tres grupos; la muestra se tomó de estancias infantiles. Se realizó un estudio transversal con observación directa de la situación experimental. Se videograbaron dos sesiones por díada, las estrategias observadas se codificaron obteniendo una confiabilidad de α=.86. Los resultados no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos (X2= 26), pero las correlaciones muestran que las estrategias maternas y las de los niños cambiaron en función de la edad. Los niños mayores utilizaron preferentemente estrategias de atención activa y de mayor esfuerzo de control vinculadas a las estrategias maternas que promueven la autonomía.
Mimicry and honesty: people give more honest responses to their mimicker
Authors: Guéguen Nicolas
Published: August 2016

Mimicry is generally associated with a positive perception of the mimicker. Our hypothesis stated that participants would become more honest in their responses to a survey administered by a mimicking interviewer. Students were invited to participate in a survey on their ecological behavior. During the first part of the survey, the ‘experimental confederate’ either mimicked their interlocutor or did not. It was found that participants declared less ecological behavior in their everyday life in the mimicry condition than in the non-mimicry condition.
Role of personality traits in the adjustment to diversity
Authors: Shameem Ejaz Syed , Ara Anjum
Published: August 2016

This article discusses the ‘Scale for the Assessment of Adjustment to Diversity (SAAD)’.The scale measures the individual’s adjustment levels to diverse situations. Adjusting to diverse situations requires extra efforts by individuals, sometimes these efforts fall short and the situation remains invincible. We assumed that there are personality traits (BITPC)1 responsible for success or failure in the adjustment to diverse situations. This five-factor model was evaluated in five diverse (SOGER)2 situations. A CFA, run on the results obtained from 444 (n) individuals, reveals a not converging five-factor model. However, after running CFA – (Confirmatory Factor Analysis) for all possible permutations the BIP – (Broadmindedness, Insight, and Patience), a 3 factor model was found to be the best fit on cutoff points when two top ranked situations were taken into consideration.
Problematic consumption of drugs and risk or protection factors in a reclusion center of the city of Mexico
Authors: Aguilar Bustos Octavio Enrique , Valdez Gonzales Gayle Rosio , López Brambila Miguel Ángel , Gallegos Cari Andrea , Camacho Solís Rafael , Mendoza Meléndez Miguel Angel
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study was to explore the relation between the problematic consumption of drugs and some variables: age, time of imprisonment, education, legal situation, committing a crime under drugs effect and number of visits received. Data of inmates who had accepted they were consuming drugs at the moment of doing the study was analyzed. It was found that the problematic consumers were younger and had less time of imprisonment. The inmates with less education, the ones who were being processed at the moment of doing the study, the ones who had committed crimes under the drugs effect and the ones who did not receive any visit showed more problems (measured through the DAST questionnaire) associated to the consumption. Some hypotheses about the results are discussed.
Late-Life depression and the counseling agenda: exploring geriatric logotherapy as a treatment modality
Authors: Henry Morgan John
Published: August 2016

The counseling agenda established for dealing with late-life depression is often followed in consort with pharmacotherapy which has proven clinically to be quite effective in reducing and, in many cases, relieving symptoms of low self-esteem and anxiety. Whereas conventional medical intervention concentrates on the reduction of depression symptoms, psychotherapeutic modalities such as cognitive-behavioral therapy have proven somewhat effective in creating a more stabilizing experience of existential contentment, offering a deeper sense of well-being rather than simply symptom reduction. Geriatric logotherapy has come forth with an emphasis upon existential contentment drawn from accessing what is called the “life story window” wherein the therapist assists the patient in exploring the past in search of the “happy memory.” Since palliative rather than curative care is the therapeutic agenda in late-life counseling, this logotherapeutic approach has produced a treatment modality worthy of further exploration with particular attention to reminiscence and life review studies.
Model "Big Five" personality and criminal behavior
Authors: Sánchez-Teruel David , Robles-Bello Mª Auxiliadora
Published: August 2016

It reflect on the theoretical issues that currently versa Personality Psychology in general and antisocial or criminal behavior in particular. It discusses how the model can be used personality "Big Five" applied to the field of crime, and shows the variables that the literature presented as more predictive, through one of the most widely used assessment instruments at present. It currently advises finding, meeting points between the various existing theories, for that personality does not become a field of study restricted exclusively to researchers and scholars. It discuss the most important results in the application of the "Big Five" personality of the offender, and posess some limitations, as future research for practitioners and researchers.
Social neuroscience and social genomics: the emergence of multi-level integrative analyses
Authors: Cacioppo John T. , Cacioppo Stephanie , Cole Steven W.
Published: August 2016

Social neuroscience emerged more than 20 years ago and has grown into a mature interdisciplinary scientific field. Research now provides compelling evidence that the structure and function of the nervous system are influenced by the social environment. Recent work in social genomics further underscores the importance of the social environment by demonstrating the influence of the social environment on gene expression. The multi-level, interdisciplinary approach and the integration of animal models and human research in social neuroscience have proven synergistic and promise continued advances in the delineation of the social brain across species and generations.
Sex differences in gray and white matter structure in age-matched unrelated males and females and opposite-sex siblings.
Authors: Den Braber Anouk , Van ‘t Ent Dennis , Stoffers Diederick , Linkenkaer-Hansen Klaus , I. Boomsma Dorret , J.C. de Geus Eco
Published: August 2016

Apart from the general finding of larger global brain volumes in men, neuroimaging studies that compared brain structure between men and women have yielded some inconsistencies with regard to regional differences. One confound when comparing men and women may be differences in their genetic and or family background. A design that addresses such confounds compares brain structures between brothers and sisters, who share their genetic and family background.In the present study, we aimed to contribute to the existing literature on structural brain sex differences by comparing regional gray and white matter volume, using voxel based morphometry (VBM); and white matter microstructure, using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), between 40 unrelated males and females, and contrasting the results with those obtained in a group of 47 opposite-sex siblings, including 42 dizygotic opposite-sex (DOS) twin pairs.”Our results showed that men had larger global brain volumes as well as higher mean fractional anisotropy across the brain and showed regionally enlarged gray matter volume and higher fractional anisotropy in, or surrounding, subcortical structures (hypothalamus, thalamus, putamen and globus pallidus and rostral midbrain). Increased gray matter volume in women was restricted to areas of the cortex, including inferior temporal, insular, cingulate, precentral and frontal/prefrontal regions.These sex differences were generally consistent between the unrelated male-female pairs and the opposite-sex sibling pairs. Therefore, we conclude that these sex differences are not the result of confounding differences in genetic or family background and that the etiology of these sex differences merits further investigation.
Self-rated social-emotional perception and its neurophysiologic and cardiac correlates while viewing a film showing the suffering of other people
Authors: Papousek Ilona , M. Weiss Elisabeth , M. Reiser Eva , Schulter Günter , Harald Freudenthaler Heribert , K. Lackner Helmut
Published: August 2016

Using electroencephalographic (EEG) and cardiac measures, the study examined relevant mechanisms that may explain individual differences in self-rated emotion perception (i.e., the propensity of perceiving the emotional states of other persons in everyday life). Healthy women (n = 122) were confronted with film scenes showing the suffering of other people. Functional coupling between prefrontal and posterior cortices, measured by EEG coherences, more strongly decreased in individuals higher on emotion perception. This finding suggests that the propensity to loosen prefrontal inhibitory control on posterior cortical areas involved in basic processes of emotion perception is associated with higher susceptibility to social-emotional information and, therefore, with higher scores on self-rated emotion perception. In addition, higher self-rated perception of other persons' emotions was related to more pronounced cardiac responses to the observation of horrifying events occurring to people in the film which indicate enhanced attention and heightened perceptual processing
Intraparietal sulcus activity during explicit self-referential social status judgments about others
Authors: Cloutier Jasmin , Gyurovski Ivo
Published: August 2016

Previous research has suggested that the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) supports judgments of social distance, with greater activity observed in response to targets judged to be closer to each other (Yamakawa, Kanai, Matsumura, & Naito, 2009). Amongst other stimuli, activity in the IPS appears to be responsive to targets varying in social status (Chiao et al., 2009; Cloutier, Ambady, Meagher, & Gabrieli, 2012). The current project examined brain responses during explicit self-referential social status judgments of targets varying in either financial or moral status. Using an event-related fMRI design, participants viewed photographs of male faces paired with distinct levels of financial or moral status. During the task, participants were asked to explicitly identify each target’s status in relation to their own. Focusing on IPS activity, results from whole-brain and region of interest analyses revealed an interaction between social status types and levels. The implications of these results are discussed with respect to our current understanding of the impact of social status on the neural substrates of person perception.
Neuroscience and ethnography: an interdisciplinary revision and a cognitive proposal based on compassion research in Mexico
Authors: E. Mercadillo Roberto , Díaz José Luis
Published: August 2016

Social neuroscience considers the interplay of biologically evolved mechanisms and culturally shaped experiences as decisive to contextualize, motivate and influence complex brain functions and cognition. Compassion is a suitable moral emotion for approaching social cognition because it involves naturally and socially evolved factors to empathize with and wish to alleviate a perceived suffering of other individuals, and thereby promote social welfare. The present paper outlines research projects performed in Mexico, which focused on compassion from different viewpoints. The analysis includes psychometric evaluations of emotional appraisals, ethnographic records of Mayan populations, functional brain imaging with healthy Mexican individuals, including a sample of police officers’, and theoretical analysis relating compassion and violence. We propose a threefold neurocognitive compassion system encompassing empathy, executive functions and memory. Also, we suggest applying ethnographic methods to design neuroimaging studies and thereby reveal and interpret brain functions among different social and cultural groups.
Images and constructs: can the neural correlates of self be revealed through radiological analysis?
Authors: B. Klein Stanley
Published: August 2016

In this paper I argue that radiological attempts to elucidate the properties of self -- an endeavor currently popular in the social neurosciences -- are fraught with conceptual difficulties. I first discuss several philosophical criteria that increase the chances we are posing the “right” questions to nature. I then discuss whether these criteria are met when empirical efforts are directed at one of the central constructs in the social sciences – the human self. In particular, I consider whether recent attempts to map the neural correlates of self and its assumed properties using brain scanning technology satisfy the conceptual conditions minimally required to ask well-formed, theoretically satisfying questions of nature. I conclude that much theoretical work remains to be done.
Science is not balkanized in different disciplines: being a super-specialist is not an excuse for not being a wide scientist
Authors: Cereijido Marcelino
Published: August 2016

As recently as three centuries ago, it was taken for granted that the Universe was a “thing” created by God, exactly as we see it. But during the XIXth century the Universe and everything it contains started to be regarded as “processes” (Cereijido, 1994a).
Mediation effect of anger rumination on the relationship between dimensions of anger and anger control with mental health
Authors: Ali Besharat Mohammad , Pourbohlool Samane
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study was to examine mediation effect of anger rumination on the relationship between dimensions of anger and anger control including trait anger, state anger, anger in, anger out, anger-control in, and anger-control out with mental health in a sample of Iranian students. A total of 449 volunteer students (234 girls, 215 boys) were included in this study. All participants were asked to complete the Tehran Multidimensional Anger Scale (TMAS; Besharat, 2008), Anger Rumination Scale (ARS; Sukhodolsky, Golub, & Cromwell, 2001), and the Mental Health Inventory (MHI; Veit & Ware, 1983). Anger rumination mediated the relationship between dimensions of anger and anger control with mental health in opposite directions. Analysis of the data revealed that higher levels of anger was associated with lower levels of psychological well-being as well as higher levels of psychological distress. In contrast, higher levels of anger control were associated with higher levels of psychological well-being as well as lower levels of psychological distress. Mediation effect of anger rumination for the association of anger dimensions with mental health was full for psychological well-being and partial for psychological distress. Conversely, mediation effect of anger rumination for the association of anger control dimensions with mental health was partial for psychological well-being and full for psychological distress.
The influence of optimism and socioeconomic characteristics on leadership practices
Authors: Juárez Fernando , Contreras Francoise
Published: August 2016

The role of optimism and socioeconomic characteristics of managers on leadership practices in small enterprises, in Bogotá, Colombia, was determined. Ninety managers completed the Leadership Practices Inventory and The Revised Life Orientation Test, as well as they provided information about personal and business socio-economic characteristics. Association measures between socio-economic and optimism variables with the Leadership Practices Inventory were taken. Besides, by Chi square test, Mann-Whitney`s U and Kruskal-Wallis tests, they were determined socioeconomic differences in leadership styles, and, by a structural equation model, the effect of age, gender, marital status, socioeconomic status, number of employees of the company, economic sector, and optimism on leadership practices was analyzed. Only optimism and number of employees showed to be significant.
Neurofunctional areas related to food appetency in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Cervantes-Navarrete Juán José , Alcauter-Solórzano Sarael , Miguel-Bueno Carlos , Gonzalez-Olvera Jorge Julio , Carrillo-Mezo Roger , Martínez-Gudiño Maria de Lourdes , Caballero-Romo Alejandro de Jesús
Published: August 2016

In Anorexia Nervosa the observable phenomenon is the suppression of appetite. Little is known about the biological and psychological (top-down) bases that maintain this pathological state. However, Anorexia Nervosa is a biological, psychological and social model where the main behavioral characteristic is the inhibition of eating behavior; not by bottom-up but top-down regulation. Objective: To explore the areas of the brain associated with food appetency through functional magnetic resonance in women with anorexia nervosa. Methods: The subjects include 5 female with Restrictive type of Anorexia Nervosa and five controls female with similar in age and low weigh. The subjects were within the MRI scanner and while took fMRI they saw food images that would generate appetite. The subjects were in fasting state and mentally prepare by instruction “imagine you are eating the food presented in the following images”. Results: Compared differences in the activation between subjects four regions were found significant: the anterior cingulate, left front medial region and the left and right midbrain. Conclusions: The patients with Anorexia Nervosa present different activated cerebral areas to those of the controls during the visual exposition to food in hungry state and with evoke cognitions associated with eat food; those regions may be implicated in reward and self-control.
Autobiographical memory: a system functionally defined
Authors: Beltrán-Jaimes Javier Orlando , Moreno-López Nidia Milena , Polo-Díaz Javier , Zapata- Zabala Maryoris Elena , Acosta- Barreto María Rocío
Published: August 2016

This article seeks to define and explain autobiographical memory from a functional standpoint. For this, definitions are analyzed from cognitive and sociocultural perspectives highlighting how they converge in relation to components assumed as constituent of autobiographical memory and tasks attributed to it. A theoretical model about its functioning is reviewed and allows us to understand how the memory systems that constitute it interacting with process control and cultural patterns to generate autobiographical memories essential to maintain a consistent image of the individual and a moderately accurate record of the experiences. Its functions are described: self-definition, social interaction and self-regulation. It raises that autobiographical memories are multimodal, are distributed among memory systems and executive processes, and are mediated by sociocultural contexts
Acreditación en el programa de psicología
Authors: Herrera Builes Jorge Albeiro
Published: August 2016

La editorial INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH, sirve como pretexto para referenciar la principal apuesta estratégica de la Universidad de San Buenaventura Seccional Medellín para los próximos años, y es con respecto al proyecto de acreditación de la Institución. Desde su fundación, hace 45 años, esta Alma Mater ha sostenido el compromiso y la responsabilidad con la sociedad, de ofrecer una educación con calidad bajo los principios orientadores de la filosofía franciscana y en permanente perfeccionamiento de la propuesta educativa.
Psychoeducation as a strategy to improve family support perceived from patient with alcohol dependence and personality disorder
Authors: Martínez González José Miguel , Albein Urios Natalia , Munera Pilar , Verdejo García Antonio
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study was to prospectively analyze the impact of psychoeducation with relatives of addicted patients with personality disorders. We measured the impact of the psychoeducational intervention using a self-report questionnaire designed to assess perceived familiar support. The sample was composed by 37 patients with alcohol dependence following outpatient treatment. They underwent a cognitive-behavioral therapy relapse prevention program especially tailored for addicted individuals with comorbid personality disorders. 56.8% of patients followed individual therapy, and 43.2% followed group therapy. The relatives of the subgroup patients following group therapy simultaneously received the psychoeducational intervention. The analyses of the familiar support questionnaire across treatment showed a significant difference between groups as a function of treatment modality. Patients whose relatives followed the psychoeducational intervention had greater perception of familiar support throughout the treatment process.
QUAD: a simple, valid and reliable scale, for assessing the quality of care in the field of addictions
Authors: Rial Boubeta Antonio , Varela Mallou Jesús
Published: August 2016

Different studies in the field of addictions have highlighted the importance of providing a good quality health care. Perceived quality as well as being an indicator of the degree of excellence achieved by an organization, is also an excellent predictor of the individual's attitude towards treatment and adherence. 931 users of public Galician health care services were interviewed in order to develop an empirical validation and a reliability study on a perceived quality scale. The SEM analysis carried out made possible to offer a simple and brief scale (only 14 items) with excellent psychometric properties (α=0,84; criterion validity=64%), to be used to assess the quality of health care in the field of drug addiction.
Genes, the serotonergic system and suicidal behavior
Authors: Tovilla-Zarate Carlos Alfonso , Gómez Mendoza Alma Delia
Published: August 2016

The study of suicidal behavior has gained relevance given that recently about 50% of the population between 14 and 19 years old exhibit suicidal ideation and, in the population in general, there has been a rise of up to 150% in suicidal behavior. The outcomes of these studies of genetic epidemiology show that several genes may be associated with suicidal behavior. In particular, one of the hypotheses propounds that genes of proteins that participate in the serotonergic pathway could be responsible for the development of this behavior. There is neurochemical evidence showing alterations at different levels along this pathway. In this work, a review is made of several of the genes participating in the serotonergic pathway and their possible participation in suicidal behavior.
Social cognition and pragmatic competence. The case of children with specific language impairment
Authors: Roqueta Clara Andrés , Clemente Estevan Rosa A. , Flores Buils Raquel
Published: August 2016

The literature provides apparently contradictory evidence about the existence of a developmental delay in Social Cognition (SC) of children diagnosed with Specific Language Impairment (SLI). The aim of this work is to prove a more comprehensive picture of these studies, starting with a theoretical review about the relationship between language skills and SC, and finishing with the study of socio-cognitive skills in children with SLI. Finally, the work is concluded by establishing theoretical and practical guidelines that emphasize the importance of assessing the socio-cognitive component of pragmatics to make better diagnoses and to design an appropriate speech therapy for this population.
Assessment of grammatical comprehension in normal and pathological aging: a summary of the results obtained with ECCO and ECCO_Senior tests
Authors: López-Higes R. , Martín-Aragoneses Ma. T. Del Rio , Mejuto G.
Published: August 2016

The ECCO Test (Cognitive Assessment of Sentence Comprehension in english) has shown its usefulness as an assessment tool of grammatical comprehension in older people along several studies published from its creation. The ECCO_Senior, a shorter and updated version derived from the original one and  adapted to the elderly population, has good psychometric properties, and offers some promising results in the study of the language profiles of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) when consider variables such as working memory capacity and educational level. The paper summarizes the results obtained with both tests, and also we present some future directions related to this line of research
Risk factors and protective adolescent depression in the city of Medellín
Authors: Hoyos Zuluaga Elizabeth , Lemos Hoyos Mariantonia , Torres de Galvis Yolanda
Published: August 2016

Mental disorders have become a key concern in the scientific and epidemiological in recent years. This is because the social consequences that some behaviors of these disorders may involve, reason it is important to inquire about the factors associated with one of the most prevalent mental disorders in the population, depression. The objective is to evaluate the association of risk factors and protective of depression in adolescents in the city of Medellin.  Design is a study of Case-Control Analytical which was identified by multivariate analysis the weight of the factors related to depression as the dependent variable. The study population consisted of school pupils from 9 to 19 years living in the city of Medellin, belonging to the public and private schools of the city, was characterized by a mean age of 13.77 with a standard deviation of 2.195 years , 56.7% were female. Statistical analysis was performed with significance level p <0.05, where significant association with family cohesion, OR = 2.35 (CI = 1.63 to 3.41); social scale, OR = 0.657 (CI = 0.453 to 0.953) and Academic Area, OR = 0.534 (CI = 0.408 to 0.699). Environmental factors such as stressful life events, relationship problems with parents, spirituality, affiliation with prosocial peers and antisocial behavior, academic achievement and commitment, have an association against the internalizing disorders, where the depression.
Validation of the Colombian MOS social support survey
Authors: Londoño Arredondo Nora Helena
Published: August 2016

Perceived social support is considered to be a variable of great importance in the health – disease continuum. Perceived social support refers to one’s confidence that social support or resources are available if needed. The objectives of this research study were to (1) translate and culturally adapt the Medical Outcomes Study – Social Support Survey (MOS; Sherbourne y Stewart, 1991) for the Colombian population, and (2) validate the Colombian version of the MOS. The survey instrument measures perceived social support and was developed for a study of outcomes in patients with chronic disease. The sample consisted of 179 participants (36.7% men and 63.3% women), mean age 38.4 (SD =15.2, range 17 to 86 years) recruited from different cities in Colombia. The results indicated a favorable Cronbach's alpha between components ranging from .921 to .736. A confirmatory analysis was conducted, obtaining a favorable structure for both 4 and 3 factors.
La investigación narrativa como moción epistémico-política
Authors: Yedaide María Marta , Álvarez Zelmira , Porta Luis
Published: August 2016

La investigación narrativa se encuentra necesariamente atravesada por la disputa por el sentido de lo que es investigar, y lo que puede y debe esperarse de esta empresa. Si bien su legitimidad epistémica y su uso asiduo en el estudio de la educación han ido en proporcional incremento,  su validez metodológica sigue despertando inquietudes que remiten ya no sólo a cuestionamientos técnicos, sino que arrastran posturas políticas respecto de la naturaleza de la realidad, el lugar de los sujetos en el devenir de la experiencia humana y el poder de la práctica científica en el juego de las construcciones de sentido. Este trabajo se aboca al análisis del estado de la cuestión en el contexto geográfico inmediato y su marco geo-político más general, y sostiene las preguntas respecto de las consecuencias políticas de la investigación narrativa. Comparte asimismo retazos narrativos de profesores entrevistados enla Universidad Nacionalde Mar del Plata (UNMdP) al intentar dar cuenta de la buena enseñanza, como modo de ilustrar la potencia política de este tipo de indagaciones.
Aprendizagem organizacional e empreendedorismo social na atual configuração do mundo do trabalho
Authors: Medrano Coley Valentina
Published: August 2016

O seguinte artigo aborda a articulação entre dois conceitos atuais que se inscrevem no contexto laboral latino-americano, a Aprendizagem organizacional, processo cognitivo-social pelo qual os membros da organização constroem, estabelecem práticas e ideologias institucionalizadas. E, o Empreendedorismo social como nova forma de configuração do trabalho que busca a transformação e emancipação social, se apresentando como um modelo de agenciamento alterno ao capitalismo. Este artigo foi realizado por meio de uma revisão de literatura, considerando como fontes principais, os periódicos e revistas latino-americanas inscritas nos campos de estudo, Psicologia e administração.
Diagnostico agrosocial de la comunidad indígena de Kashaama: Un estudio empírico en el estado de Anzoátegui, Venezuela
Authors: Olivares Barlin Orlando , Franco Ervin
Published: August 2016

El objetivo de esta investigación fue diagnosticar la situación agrícola y social de la comunidad indígena Kashaama, ubicada en el estado Anzoátegui, Venezuela. Para esto, se aplicó una encuesta a cuarenta productores agrícolas. Posteriormente, la interpretación de los resultados se hizo a través del método de Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP). Mediante el ACP se seleccionaron los primeros cinco componentes que explican el 70.0 % de la variación total. Se detectó que los factores de mayor incidencia fueron: dimensión de la finca, el tipo de cultivo y el rendimiento.  Este tipo de estudios representa una base práctica con relación a la gestión agrícola y social que representa un punto de partida en la formulación de alternativas de soluciones viables.
Características de los grupos colombianos de investigación Categoría A1 en Ciencias Sociales (2014-2015)
Authors: Ossa Julio César , Palacio Jorge Enrique
Published: August 2016

Un total de 3970 Grupos de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico o de Innovación fueron reconocidos por Colciencias en la pasada Convocatoria de Medición (Número 693 del año 2014). Esta editorial presenta los indicadores que caracterizan los 36 Grupos de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales que fueron clasificados en categoría A1 de acuerdo a los resultados de  esta convocatoria, con el fin de contribuir, al debate que se viene generando en torno a la crisis que viven las ciencias sociales con las actuales políticas de educación STEM que se están implementando en Colombia y en diferentes  países. De allí que en este momento sea pertinente formular la pregunta: ¿Cómo convertir las Ciencias sociales en una prioridad nacional?
Descripción de hábitos compra y endeudamiento en una muestra de consumidores del área metropolitana de Pereira
Authors: Parrado Felipe , Mendivelso Magda
Published: August 2016

La repetición del consumo es una condición importante no sólo en la dinámica de la economía, sino en el bienestar que genera al satisfacer las necesidades las personas. El presente estudio pretende describir los hábitos de consumo de una muestra de habitantes en Pereira y su área metropolitana. Para esto se siguió un diseño no experimental transversal, con muestreo intencional y tomó como criterios de inclusión a personas mayores de edad y económicamente activas. Los instrumentos empleados fueron la escala de hábitos y conductas de consumo, un cuestionario sociodemográfico y 3 preguntas que indagan sobre el ingreso mensual, el número de tarjetas de crédito que posee el participante y la percepción de la situación financiera. Los resultados indican diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos en las categorías de hábitos de planificación de consumo (p>,001), hábitos de compra (p>,001) y hábitos de uso de crédito (p>,001). Se discuten los resultados a la luz de la importancia de los mismos para el desarrollo económico y en el bienestar. Se plantean las limitaciones del estudio y la posibilidad relacionar este constructo con el bienestar psicológico.
Importancia de los microcréditos como instrumento de financiación en el desarrollo social
Authors: Inglada Galiana María Elena , Sastre Centeno José Manuel , Bilbao María Cristina de Miguel
Published: August 2016

El éxito del desarrollo de las microfinanzas en general y los microcréditos en particular entre las clases más pobres de los países menos desarrollados, ha cambiado los parámetros sobre los tipos de ayudas a dichos colectivos. Por otra parte, la evolución de las microfinanzas durante las últimas tres décadas ha supuesto un cambio en aquellas estructuras que se han profesionalizado, alejándose así de los subsidios estatales y acercándose a la autofinanciación y, consecuentemente,  al mercado financiero tradicional, aunque sin abandonar las características básica del sector. En este trabajo pretendemos explicar el porqué de las microfinanzas y los microcréditos, sus objetivos fundamentales, la operativa y el mercado, humano y social en el que se desarrollan sus actividades. Pretendemos asimismo, establecer una pauta de comportamiento y acción de la coyuntura actual del sector y vislumbrar una proyección futura, que permita conocer si las microfinanzas tienden a una mayor expansión o, por el contrario, los problemas con que se enfrenta pueden ralentizar su desarrollo actual. El hecho de que los microcréditos hayan traspasado las fronteras de los países pobres y se estén implantando también en los más desarrollados, solo enfatiza el éxito de los mismos y que las bolsas de pobreza están presentes en cualquier lugar del mundo. El futuro de los microcréditos está tanto en los países en vías de desarrollo como en los del primer mundo.
Prácticas educativas de una maestra de transición. Un estudio sociocultural constructivista
Authors: Roncancio Moreno Mónica , Branco Angela
Published: August 2016

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar desde una perspectiva sociocultural constructivista, las prácticas educativas de una profesora de transición de una escuela rural del Departamento del Valle del Cauca y su interacción con sus alumnos. Se observó la práctica educativa en las dos primeras semanas de clases del año lectivo y se llevó a cabo una entrevista semi-estructurada con la maestra con la finalidad de identificar las concepciones y creencias de la profesora acerca de los objetivos del grado transición. Se analizaron los datos usando el método microgenético mediante la selección de los episodios más significativos de la interacción profesor-alumno. Los resultados patentizan un marcado énfasis en prácticas de escolarización y en la interacción profesor-alumno. Se destaca la ausencia de prácticas de expresión dialógica y la participación activa de los niños. Se sugiere diseñar programas educativos que enfaticen en el acogimiento de los niños en la escuela de manera que se les proporcione una voz en su proceso de ajuste a la educación básica.

 
Evaluating interactive systems from an emotional perspective
Authors: Méndez Alegria Yenny Alexanra , Collazos Ordóñez Cesar Alberto , Granollers Saltiveri Antoni , Huitr Alfredo Sanchez
Published: August 2016

In this paper, we introduce a model that aims to provide guidelines that will strengthen the evaluation of interactive systems by assisting in the identification and analysis of emotions evoked by users during system usage. We briefly discuss related projects that have included emotions in the evaluation of interactive systems. The research presented here is a preliminary work towards the inclusion of emotions during the evaluation of interactive systems. Our model is presented including details of each of its phases. We discussed preliminary results of the application of the model to evaluating a Virtual Learning Environment. Our approach comprises four major phases: Selection of relevant emotions; analysis of relationships between emotions and interactive systems; selection of detection mechanisms; and application of evaluation methods.
Parrhesia: Entre ley y filosofía
Authors: Vásquez Gómez Víctor Hugo
Published: August 2016

Uno de los conceptos clave de la democracia griega es parrhesia (parrhsÛa): decirlo todo; hablar franco; libertad de palabra; decir verdad. Normalmente, su óptimo ejercicio se ha asumido como un principio capaz de conservar dicha forma de gobierno en la medida en que, ante una decisión difícil y crucial (económica, bélica o social), señala siempre una verdad, un consejo positivo a la ciudad que es respetado por todos. En esa dirección, el parrhesiastés, al ocupar el papel del que dice todo, debe ser alguien lo suficientemente recto y ejemplar como para hacerse considerar: es el ciudadano íntegro comprometido con el bienestar de la polis. Sin embargo, la parrhesia no se limita a ese ámbito de acción ni es exclusiva del ciudadano. En este estudio se analizan esos otros lugares: el preconstitucional (como condición de posibilidad para los nomoi de Solón ya en el siglo VI a. C.) y el filosófico (en su identidad con el êthos virtuoso y libre); ello con el propósito de sostener la idea según la cual la parrhesia llega a convertirse en la manifestación excelsa y paroxística de la autonomía y la libertad del filósofo en la  época helenística, especialmente con los filósofos cínicos.
Tensiones del sujeto entre lo instituido y lo instituyente. Del Frente Nacional a la Constitución de 1991
Authors: Fernández Fonseca Edgar
Published: August 2016

El sujeto politizado es el objeto de reproducción del sistema político. Sin embargo, también es potencia para la emergencia del sujeto político cuando las prácticas sociales desnaturalizadas simbolizan el horizonte de acción de lo colectivo. El siguiente texto parte de la hipótesis de que la Constitución de 1991 como momento instituyente de la historia de Colombia, fue fruto de una red de tensiones socioeconómicas y político-culturales, que gracias al caleidoscopio de la contingencia permitió la emergencia del sujeto político. Por tanto, dará cuenta de las continuidades y discontinuidades que incidieron en la configuración de un sujeto politizado previo al sujeto del momento instituyente de la Carta Magna de 1991, particularmente las incubadas durante el periodo histórico conocido como el Frente Nacional. La asepsia partidista, el discurso prescriptivo y la crítica y acomodamiento al régimen, se constituyen en las estrategias discursivas por las que fue instituido el sujeto polititizado.
Floralba Cano Escritos
Authors: Calle Carlos Alfonso
Published: August 2016

Escritos es el libro que Floralba Cano, la Chatica, semerece. Agrupa gran parte de la producción intelectual de la autora en un periodo que abarca cuarenta años de ejercicio profesional como psicóloga. Si bien los textos fueron redactados tiempo atrás, aún mantienen su vigencia y relevancia
Por qué fracasan los países. Los orígenes del poder, la prosperidad y la pobreza
Authors: Pantoja Pantoja Francisco Javier
Published: August 2016

Corren ríos de tinta para doblegar la Hidra –en alusiónal monstruo mitológico– y ella persiste. La realidad de lamiseria ha marchitado las teorías y los modelos, de ahí laimportancia de Por qué fracasan los países: los orígenes del poder, la prosperidad y la pobreza, de Daron Acemoglu y

James A. Robinson, quienes sin alejarse del capitalismo en todas sus acepciones, dan una mirada a la otra orilla en la misma corriente
Autonomia, saúde mental e subjetividade no contexto assistencial brasileiro
Authors: Magalhães Goulart Daniel
Published: August 2016

Este estudo visa refletir teoricamente sobre formas de cuidado que priorizem o resgate da autonomia por parte de pessoas atendidas em serviços assistenciais de saúde mental no Brasil, enfatizando, sobretudo, o problemático período da alta institucional. Para tanto, faz-se uma apresentação das atuais mudanças no modelo asistencial em saúde no país e discute-se alguns principios que norteiam a Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileira, atentando para a superação de impasses históricos e para as limitações das práticas institucionais, que ainda parecem culminar em frequentes quadros de institucionalização dos usuários. Nessa discussão, o estudo da subjetividade é apresentado como alternativa teórica para compreender como esses complexos e conflitantes processos se atualizam na vivência do sujeito.
Instituciones: una mirada general a su historia conceptual
Authors: Brismat Nivia Marina
Published: August 2016

Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal reconstruir la evolución del concepto “institución” y de los estudios institucionales en el contexto de las ciencias sociales. Como es ampliamente conocido, en las últimas décadas ha tenido lugar una verdadera explosión de los debates e investigaciones sobre las instituciones, su origen, evolución e influencia en la sociedad. Estos esfuerzos han actualizado el debate sobre los logros y limitaciones de los enfoques institucionalistas, y el desafío de postular una teoría de las instituciones de carácter interdisciplinario que articule las diferentes propuestas teóricas sobre el tema. En ese contexto, este trabajo reconstruye la evolución del concepto “instituciones”: su origen histórico, principales desarrollos, los enfoques institucionalistas contemporáneos, y sus principales logros y nudos problemáticos. A pesar de la heterogeneidad y limitaciones de los enfoques institucionales se vislumbran posibilidades para la construcción de un campo teórico “institucionalista” compartido, con una influencia innegable en el análisis social.