bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Reclaimed Water Irrigation on Soil Properties and the Composition and Diversity of Microbial Communities in Northwest China
Authors: Wang Wenmin , Wang Zhen , Ling Hongbo , Zheng Xu , Chen Chaoqun , Wang Jiaping , Cheng Zhibo
Published: January 2025

Reasonably using reclaimed water (RW) for irrigation can help to alleviate water scarcity, while also providing both environmental and economic benefits. However, there is limited information regarding the potential impact of RW irrigation on the nutrients of saline–alkali soils and their microbial communities. This study investigates the effects of RW irrigation on saline–alkali soil properties and microbial communities using a 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The results show that the pH and electrical conductivity (EC) are significantly lower in RW treatment (p < 0.05). Compared to the saline–alkali soil that was not irrigated with RW (CK), the EC value decreased by 42.15–45.76%, in both 0–20 cm and 40–60 cm depth. RW exhibited a significant increase in the abundance of Actinobacteria (32.32–33.42%), Chloroflexi (7.63–15.79%), Firmicutes (9.27–10.42%), and Ascomycota (89.85–95.95%). Bacterial richness and diversity were significantly enhanced after RW irrigation (p < 0.05). At the genus level, the dominant bacterial genera included Bacillus, Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Talaromyces. Differences in the microbial community were observed between the two treatments and among soil depths within each treatment (p < 0.05). A network analysis indicated that the internal relationships among bacterial communities become more complex following RW irrigation, whereas the internal connections within fungal communities tend to become more simplified. A redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil microbial communities were directly influenced by EC, total nitrogen (TN), and available potassium (AK). Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) results indicated that soil salinity and available nutrients were the most significant factors influencing the microbial community structure. Together, these results indicate that RW irrigation has a positive impact on ameliorating soil salinity and enhancing microbial community diversity in saline–alkali soils. These findings provide valuable insights for the future agricultural utilization of saline–alkali land.
Research on the Sustainability of Construction Models for Rural Sewage Treatment Facilities
Authors: Li Qin , Cui Jingya , Shao Yayu , Zhang Ziwei , Lv Shuangning , Liu Yijun , Li Wenlong
Published: January 2025

Against the backdrop of promoting rural revitalization and ecological protection, the quality of rural life and living environment has been greatly improved. But with the improvement in rural living standards, the amount of domestic sewage discharge has also increased, bringing enormous pressure to the rural environment. Therefore, strengthening the construction and management of sewage treatment facilities is an important part of achieving sustainable development. This article takes rural areas in western China as an example to investigate and analyze the characteristics and existing problems of their domestic sewage treatment facilities. A set of evaluation indicators for rural domestic sewage treatment facilities suitable for western regions is constructed, which covers three aspects of evaluation indicators: Technology, Environment, and Economy. The weights of each evaluation indicator are determined through the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Validate the model through specific cases to ensure the practicality and accuracy of the evaluation system. This provides a certain reference for the scientific management and sustainable development of domestic sewage treatment facilities in rural areas of western China. This article has important practical significance for promoting the scientific management and sustainable development of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities in western China and also provides useful reference for rural environmental protection in other regions.
Spatially Correlated Network Structure and Influencing Factors of Carbon Emission Efficiency in the Power Industry: Evidence from China
Authors: Sun Baojun , Feng Taiwen , Du Mingjing , Liang Yuqing , Feng Tianbao
Published: January 2025

As the largest carbon-emitting industry in China, the power industry has huge potential for carbon emission reductions. It is vital to study the spatial correlation of carbon emission efficiency in the power industry (CEEP) from a system perspective to understand the interaction mechanisms of CEEP in different provinces. This study applies the SBM-undesirable model to measure the CEEP in China, and a modified Gravity model and social network analysis (SNA) method are applied to analyze the interaction mechanism of the CEEP from a system perspective. Finally, the influencing factors of the CEEP’s spatial correlation are investigated using the quadratic allocation procedure (QAP) method. The results show that (1) the national CEEP is gradually increasing, while the CEEP gap between provinces is widening; (2) the overall network size shows an increasing trend, but the hierarchical structure is somewhat fixed; (3) the central province of a network has a high degree of consistency with the geographically central province, but the spatial spillover effect of the central node provinces on the peripheral provinces is not sufficient; and (4) differences in geographic proximity, energy intensity, and technical level of power generation significantly affect the formation of spatially correlated networks in the CEEP.
Dual-Stage AI Model for Enhanced CT Imaging: Precision Segmentation of Kidney and Tumors
Authors: Karunanayake Nalan , Lu Lin , Yang Hao , Geng Pengfei , Akin Oguz , Furberg Helena , Schwartz Lawrence H. , Zhao Binsheng
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Accurate kidney and tumor segmentation of computed tomography (CT) scans is vital for diagnosis and treatment, but manual methods are time-consuming and inconsistent, highlighting the value of AI automation. This study develops a fully automated AI model using vision transformers (ViTs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to detect and segment kidneys and kidney tumors in Contrast-Enhanced (CECT) scans, with a focus on improving sensitivity for small, indistinct tumors. Methods: The segmentation framework employs a ViT-based model for the kidney organ, followed by a 3D UNet model with enhanced connections and attention mechanisms for tumor detection and segmentation. Two CECT datasets were used: a public dataset (KiTS23: 489 scans) and a private institutional dataset (Private: 592 scans). The AI model was trained on 389 public scans, with validation performed on the remaining 100 scans and external validation performed on all 592 private scans. Tumors were categorized by TNM staging as small (≤4 cm) (KiTS23: 54%, Private: 41%), medium (>4 cm to ≤7 cm) (KiTS23: 24%, Private: 35%), and large (>7 cm) (KiTS23: 22%, Private: 24%) for detailed evaluation. Results: Kidney and kidney tumor segmentations were evaluated against manual annotations as the reference standard. The model achieved a Dice score of 0.97 ± 0.02 for kidney organ segmentation. For tumor detection and segmentation on the KiTS23 dataset, the sensitivities and average false-positive rates per patient were as follows: 0.90 and 0.23 for small tumors, 1.0 and 0.08 for medium tumors, and 0.96 and 0.04 for large tumors. The corresponding Dice scores were 0.84 ± 0.11, 0.89 ± 0.07, and 0.91 ± 0.06, respectively. External validation on the private data confirmed the model’s effectiveness, achieving the following sensitivities and average false-positive rates per patient: 0.89 and 0.15 for small tumors, 0.99 and 0.03 for medium tumors, and 1.0 and 0.01 for large tumors. The corresponding Dice scores were 0.84 ± 0.08, 0.89 ± 0.08, and 0.92 ± 0.06. Conclusions: The proposed model demonstrates consistent and robust performance in segmenting kidneys and kidney tumors of various sizes, with effective generalization to unseen data. This underscores the model’s significant potential for clinical integration, offering enhanced diagnostic precision and reliability in radiological assessments.
Characterization of the Phosphotransferase from Bacillus subtilis 1101 That Is Responsible for the Biotransformation of Zearalenone
Authors: Wu Yuzhuo , Zhou Qiuyu , Hu Junqiang , Shan Yunfan , Liu Jinyue , Wang Gang , Lee Yin-Won , Shi Jianrong , Xu Jianhong
Published: January 2025

Bacillus microorganisms play an important role in the zearalenone (ZEA) biotransformation process in natural environments. The phosphotransferase pathway in Bacillus is both widespread and relatively well conserved. However, the reaction kinetics of these phosphotransferases remain poorly understood, and their catalytic activities are suboptimal. In this study, a ZEA phosphotransferase, ZPH1101, was identified from Bacillus subtilis 1101 using genome sequencing. The product transformed by ZPH1101 was identified as phosphorylated ZEA (ZEA-P) through LC-TOF-MS/MS analysis. The experiments conducted on MCF-7 cells demonstrated that ZEA-P exhibited a lower level of estrogenic toxicity than ZEA. The optimal reaction conditions for ZPH1101 were determined to be 45 °C and pH 8.0. The maximum velocity (Vmax), Michaelis constant (Km), and catalytic constant (kcat) were calculated through fitting to be 16.40 μM·s−1·mg−1, 18.18 μM, and 54.69 s−1, respectively. Furthermore, adding 1 mmol/L Fe2+ or Fe3+ to the reaction system increased the efficiency of ZPH1101 in converting ZEA by 100% relative to the system containing solely 1 mmol/L ATP and 1 mmol/L Mg2+, suggesting that low concentrations of Fe2+ or Fe3+ can improve the ZPH1101-mediated transformation of ZEA. This study contributes to the enzymatic removal of ZEA and broadens the spectrum of strain and enzyme options available to researchers for ZEA detoxification efforts.
A Comparative Analysis on the Vibrational Behavior of Two Low-Head Francis Turbine Units with Similar Design
Authors: Zhao Weiqiang , Deng Jianhua , Jin Zhiqiang , Xia Ming , Wang Gang , Wang Zhengwei
Published: January 2025

With the requirement of flexible operation of hydraulic turbine units, Francis turbine units have to adjust their output into extended operating ranges in order to match the demand of the power grid, which leads to more off-design conditions. In off-design conditions, hydraulic excitation causes excessive stress, pressure pulsation, and vibration on the machines. Different designs of Francis turbines cause different hydraulic excitations and vibrational behaviors. To conduct better condition monitoring and fault prognosis, it is of paramount importance to understand the vibrational behavior of a machine. In order to reveal the influence factors of the vibration behavior of Francie turbine units, field tests have been conducted on two similar-designed Francis turbine units and vibration features have been compared in this research. The vibrational behavior of two Francis turbine units installed in the same power station is compared under extended operating condition. Field tests have been performed on the two researched units and the vibration has been compared using the spectrum analysis method. The vibration indicators are extracted from the test data and the variation rules have been compared. By comparing the vibration behavior of the two machines, the design and installation difference of the two machines have been analyzed. This research reveals the effects of different designs and installations of Francis turbines on the vibration performance of the prototype units. The obtained results give guidance to the designers and operators of Francis turbine units.
Embracing Robotic Surgery...A New Hope to Transform Lives Across the Globe
Authors: Khaliel Dr. Feras
Published: January 2025

Heart transplants, while life-saving, come with significant trauma: a full chest incision, long recovery periods, and a high risk of complications. In just two and a half hours, a 16-year-old boy’s failing heart was replaced without a full chest incision. This was the world’s first fully robotic heart transplant, in which the technique has undergone a US patent called the Khaliel Technique #63/694512. This game-changing procedure is one of today’s healthcare milestones, challenging the limitations of traditional surgery.
While this and other feats -like the world’s first fully robotic liver transplant -demonstrate the power of robotic systems in elevating surgical precision and improving outcomes, the effective integration of robotics in surgery relies on three fundamental pillars: advanced technology, meticulous planning, and team collaboration. With the right approach, we can open new doors to better healthcare, particularly in critical procedures where the margin for error is razor-thin.
Circular bioeconomy development factors in selected European Union countries (2012-2021)
Authors: Pink Małgorzata , Niewiadomski Michał , Surówka Marcin
Published: January 2025

Circular bioeconomy constitutes one of the key developmental strategies of the European Union. Understanding the conditions for the advancement thereof is crucial for successfully implementing these principles in daily production and consumption. The aim of this study was to identify the key drivers within bioeconomy indicators. The research was conducted based on bioeconomy indicators classified by the European Commission. Data were obtained from Eurostat and FAOSTAT, describing phenomena recognised as bioeconomy indicators for the period from 2012 to 2021. The analysis covered selected EU countries – member states that joined the community before 2004. The data underwent exploratory factor analysis, which identified five groups of indicators linked to underlying factors. These factors were identified as: Innovation, Institutional Conditions: Implementation of the Circular Economy Strategy, Institutional Conditions: Implementation of Sustainable Development Policies, Resource Efficiency, and Support and Expansion of Forested Areas. The analysis also identified certain risks associated with the development of bioeconomy, as measured by the indicators defined by the European Commission. The mentioned risks relate to a decline in food purchasing power and a decrease in biodiversity.
Antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi Caulerpa racemosa against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Purwati Elsa , Amalia Rosa , Windarto Seto , Rejeki Sri , Saputra Dion
Published: January 2025

Vaname shrimp is an essential commodity in brackish water aquaculture and has high economic value. Infectious diseases are caused by bacteria of the genus Vibrio, one of which is Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and hinder the development of shrimp farming. The increasing bacterial resistance in aquaculture aggravates the situation. To overcome this problem, research into natural materials with new antibacterial activity is needed. Macroalgae are one of the natural materials suitable as a habitat for microorganisms, as they contain various organic substances that serve as nutrients for the growth of bacterial colonies or other microbes such as fungi. Therefore, this study aims to examine the antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi in symbiosis with Caulerpa racemosa against V. parahaemolyticus. C. racemosa from Karimun Jawa Island was isolated in PDA and incubated for seven days. After purification, five isolates showed antibacterial activity using the agar overlay method, and four isolates: C.1.BM, C.4.B, C.7.TM, and C.8.T, showed the best antibacterial activity. The result is that isolates C.1.BM and C.8.T belong to the species Aspergillus fumigatus, isolate C.4.B to the species Aspergillus oryzae, and isolate C.7.TM to the species Trichoderma reesei. The results of this study indicate the potential of the endophytic fungi C. racemosa to be used to prevent disease problems in aquaculture.
Preparation and evaluation of antioxidant activity of Spirulina platensis extraction: Potential application in cancer prevention and treatment
Authors: Hamadi Azhaar Asker , Fajer Ali Noory
Published: January 2025

Spirulina platensis, a type of blue-green algae, is renowned for its bioactive compounds that act as antioxidants. These compounds have been found to mitigate or prevent oxidative stress caused by free radicals, which are implicated in the development of cancer. In this study, we prepared aqueous, hexane, and alcohol extracts of Spirulina platensis and assessed their antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Additionally, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was applied to recognize the chemical components of the Spirulina extractions. The results indicated that the alcoholic extraction showed higher antioxidant activity (49.9%) compared to the aqueous (34.2%) and hexane (11.1%) extractions. The study's findings suggest that extracts of Spirulina platensis contain a significant amount of bioactive compounds, which may contribute to its strong anticancer and antioxidant properties. These findings suggest the potential for developing new anticancer agents derived from blue-green algae.
Monitoring and Management System Enabling Quasi-Real-Time Information Inquiry of Battery EV Charging Stations in Korea
Authors: Yoon Juhyun , Kim Yeonsu , Ahn Jinho
Published: January 2025

Due to changes in the automobile market and technology, Korea in the 2020s has entered the era of electric vehicles. However, due to the lack of supply of charging stations for electric vehicles, there is not enough supply of car chargers to the public. In this situation, if electric vehicle drivers are notified of the charging station status information accurately, they can efficiently share and use insufficient numbers of car chargers. The existing electric vehicle charging station information inquiry applications have the disadvantage of limited range and accuracy of information provided to users, such as failing to provide sufficient detailed statistics on chargers owned by each charging station. In this paper, we developed a system that collects the usage status of charging stations in semireal time and allows users to determine when to charge themselves. Data were collected for several weeks to verify the effectiveness of this system, and an experiment was conducted, and it was verified that it is possible to check the charging station usage status in real time and provide on-time help on selecting one of the most appropriate charging stations based on needs of their users.
Energy-Optimized Routing Protocols Survey in Wireless Communication
Authors: K. Ramya  , Dr. M.Kokilamani
Published: January 2025

Most wireless network devices today operate on batteries. Hence, power consumption becomes an important issue. To maximize the lifetime of wireless networks, the power consumption rate of each node must be evenly distributed, and the overall transmission power for each connection request must be minimized. These two objectives cannot be satisfied simultaneously by employing normal routing algorithms proposed in past years. In this paper, different energy-optimized routing protocols have been studied to design efficient energy-based routing schemes. The main contribution of this paper is to provide an exhaustive survey of the energy-optimized routing protocols for wireless sensor and mobile ad-hoc networks as well as their classification based on their energy efficiency metrics.
TCP EWR with Enhanced Bandwidth Estimation to Achieve Improved Performance
Authors: A. Huq Mohammad
Published: January 2025

TCP performance over wireless networks often degrades because it cannot effectively differentiate between wireless losses and congestion losses. In this paper, we propose a new version of the TCP protocol, called TCP EWR, which enhances TCP Westwood+ performance by integrating three improvements: in bandwidth estimation, error recovery mechanisms, and loss differentiation techniques. We selected TCP Westwood+ as our base protocol due to its controllable friendliness compared to other protocols. Normally, TCP Westwood+ estimates bandwidth from the sender's side by measuring the rate of returning acknowledgments (ACKs). However, in our approach, we calculate bandwidth using the packet arrival rate, which provides a more accurate estimate in both wired and mixed wiredwireless networks. For error recovery, we developed a more effective scheme that performs better in networks suffering from significant wireless losses. To differentiate between types of losses, we incorporate the Vegas predictor, which helps distinguish between wireless and congestion losses. This paper first analyzes TCP Westwood+ and then details the key techniques used by TCP EWR. We present the results of comprehensive experimental performance studies using simulations, comparing our proposed protocol to major existing protocols such as TCP New Reno, TCP Vegas, TCP Westwood+, and TCP New Jersey. The main finding is that TCP EWR achieves substantial improvements in throughput and goodput over TCP Westwood+, particularly in wired networks. In hybrid wired-wireless networks, TCP EWR also demonstrates better friendliness toward TCP New Reno than TCP Westwood+.
¿Niñas, criadas o muchachas? Apuntes para un análisis de las infancias en el período tardo colonial (Río de la Plata, siglos XVIII y XIX)
Authors: Sidy Bettina
Published: January 2025

This paper explores how minors were consigned during the late colonial period in the Río de la Plata region. We focus on an operational segmentation of female childhood minorities from this period, addressing their legal characterisation and the ambiguities surrounding its delineation. Our analysis is based on a set of judicial processes structured around two key elements concerning the treatment of minors: their involvement in service tasks and their identification as maids, and the issue of sexuality, particularly how society responded to the violence inflicted upon them.
¿Estrellas rojas? El desarrollo astronómico en el Chile de la Guerra Fría
Authors: Silva Barbara , Riquelme Alfredo
Published: January 2025

This paper analyses the Soviet Union’s scientific presence in Chile during the 1960s, specifically in the field of astronomy, within the broader context of the global Cold War. By examining this case, the paper highlights a significant scientific development connected to international dynamics, observed from a Global South perspective. The study draws on Chilean and US sources and reports to trace the flow of information, revealing a more complex structure of Cold War interactions than the traditional East-West dichotomy suggests. This approach also underscores the complexities of international relations through the lens of science.
Assesment of Knowledge about Materiovigilance among Pharmacy Students
Authors: Thilagavathi M Thilagavathi M , Elizabeth I Shirley , Suriya G Suriya G , Pradeep B Pradeep B , Jothi manivannan C Jothi manivannan C , Sampath T Sampath T
Published: January 2025

Medical device have long been
essential lifesaving tools and are widely used
around the world. Materiovigilance (Mv) shares the
same purpose and approach as Pharmacovigilance
(Pv) in ensuring patient safety, but it focuses
specifically on Medical Devices associated with
Adverse Events (MDAEs) and their monitoring.
The MvPi in India was launched on july 6, 2015, at
the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC)The
aim of the study was to assess the knowledge about
materiovigilance among the pharmacy students.
This descriptive, cross-sectional study utilized a
questionnaire - based approach and was conducted
among pharmacy students in Salem, Tamil Nadu. A
self-administered questionnaire was developed by
me using Google forms in English to collect data
on the study variables. The questionnaire contained
a total 15 questions related to knowledge about
materiovigilance. The data were systematically
collected and rigorously analysed using statistical
techniques. Total 300 responses when received
through google form. Among the 11 question are
MCQ type and 4 question are yes/no type.
Increased awareness and education about
materiovigilance are essential for effective
monitoring and response to adverse events. By
fostering a culture of proactive reporting and
continuous learning, healthcare systems can
enhance the safety and efficacy of medical devices,
ultimately leading to better patient care and
outcomes.
A Deep Dive into Gene Therapy: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Vishalahire Vishalahire , Pagare Nikita , Mayekar Chetana , Patil Yogita , Patyana Tanaya
Published: January 2025

Gene therapy represents a revolutionary approach
in medicine, aiming to treat or prevent diseases by
directly modifying the genetic material within a
patient's cells. This innovative technique has
garnered significant attention for its potential to
address a range of genetic disorders, cancers, and
viral infections, offering hope where traditional
therapies may fall short. In this review, we explore
the current state of gene therapy, highlighting
recent advancements, ongoing challenges, and
future directions in the field, providing a
comprehensive overview of its transformative
potential in healthcare. Gene therapy has emerged
as a ground breaking modality in the treatment of
various diseases, particularly genetic disorders,
cancers, and viral infections. Recent advancements
in techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing,
viral vector delivery systems, and RNA
interference have significantly enhanced the
precision and efficacy of therapeutic interventions.
These innovations enable targeted modifications to
genetic material, providing new avenues for
addressing previously untreatable conditions
The Impact of Nanotechnology on Drug Delivery: Current Trends and Future Perspectives
Authors: Vohra DrUzair , Agrwal DrDarpan , Chaudhari Dr Shrey
Published: January 2025

Nanotechnology has emerged as a
pivotal innovation in drug delivery, enhancing the
precision and effectiveness of treatments. By
utilizing nanoscale materials, drug solubility,
bioavailability, and targeted delivery have
significantly improved, especially in cancer
therapies. Key advancements include the use of
nanoparticles, such as liposomes and dendrimers,
which allow for controlled drug release and
minimized systemic toxicity. Despite these
breakthroughs, challenges like biocompatibility,
potential toxicity, and complex regulatory pathways
remain barriers to widespread clinical use. Current
trends focus on smart nanocarriers that respond to
biological stimuli, enabling more tailored and realtime drug release. The future of this field may
involve incorporating artificial intelligence to
design more effective nanoparticles, potentially
expanding applications beyond oncology to address
rare and complex diseases. However, understanding
the long-term effects of these technologies and
addressing public safety and regulatory concerns is
essential. To move forward, interdisciplinary
collaboration is required between chemists,
engineers, and medical professionals to translate
lab research into clinical applications. Ethical
considerations and public perception also play a
role in gaining acceptance for nanomedicine.
Future research should prioritize optimizing
nanocarrier design, using biodegradable materials,
and establishing clear regulatory guidelines.
Incorporating AI could further advance
personalized medicine, revolutionizing how
treatments are administered. While the progress
made in nanotechnology-driven drug delivery is
promising, continued efforts are needed to fully
unlock its potential and improve healthcare
outcomes.
To Review On the Face Wash Tablet
Authors: Mirza Imran Mirza Imran , More Sumit More Sumit , Narwade Sanket Narwade Sanket , Neware Akanksha Neware Akanksha , Pakmode Aachal Pakmode Aachal , Mule Sudam Mule Sudam
Published: January 2025

People are becoming aware of the use of plants for
the essential need for healthy and beautiful skin.
Face wash tablets are a novel and innovative
approach to skincare, designed to provide the
benefits of traditional liquid or gel-based face
cleansers in a convenient, portable, and ecofriendly tablet form. These tablets are formulated
with active ingredients such as cleansers,
exfoliants, and moisturizers that, when activated
with water, dissolve to create a lather capable of
effectively removing dirt, oil, and impurities from
the skin. The compact and lightweight nature of
face wash tablets makes them ideal for travel,
offering a mess-free alternative to bulky liquid
bottles. Additionally, they reduce plastic waste and
are often made with sustainable, biodegradable
packaging. This abstract explores the formulation,
advantages, and potential market applications of
face wash tablets, highlighting their contribution to
the growing demand for sustainable beauty
solutions. Face wash tablets are designed to be
cost- effective, small in size and free of harmful
preservatives
A Comprehensive Review of Phytochemicals: Health Benefits and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Shahnawaz Shahnawaz , Mohammad Khalid Mohammad Khalid , Shubham Pratap Singh Shubham Pratap Singh , Megha Gupta Megha Gupta , Dr. Ankit Kumar Dr. Ankit Kumar
Published: January 2025

Natural substances called phytochemicals, which
are present in plants, have attracted a lot of interest
due to their possible medical uses and health
advantages. The wide range of phytochemicals,
such as flavonoids, carotenoids, polyphenols, and
glucosinolates, are examined in this thorough
overview along with their functions in enhancing
human health. The review highlights the processes
by which these chemicals exert their benefits, such
as their anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and
antioxidant capabilities, by looking at current
scientific research. There is much discussion of the
medicinal potential of phytochemicals in the
prevention and treatment of chronic illnesses, such
as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders.
The paper also discusses the difficulties and
possibilities associated with the extraction,
standardization, and integration of phytochemicals
into nutraceuticals and functional foods. This study
seeks to further natural product research and the
creation of novel treatment approaches by offering
a thorough examination of the health advantages
and uses of phytochemicals
A Comprehensive Overview of the Epidemiology of Skin Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Doshi Rupendra V , Babar Vishal B , Nagrale Sudarshan N , Phadtare Manoj N , Jagtap Prajkta S , Deshmukh Harshada S. , Parekar Priyanka B , Shivpuje Shivraj S
Published: January 2025

The skin, an organ found on the outermost layer of
a live organism, shields the body beneath it from
environmental dangers such shocks, temperature
changes, UV rays, and toxins. The epidermis,
dermis, and subcutaneous fat tissues are the three
layers that make up the skin, starting from the
exterior. The skin is human body's major organ. It
provides a layer of protection over the body's
underlying structures. It keeps the body protected
from being mentered by microorganisms which
makes it the body's first line of defence
A Study on the Process Reengineering of Exhumation and Reburial for Early Deceased Single Veterans in Taiwan
Authors: Ya-Kuei Liu Ya-Kuei Liu , Jer-Yan Lin Jer-Yan Lin
Published: January 2025

This study explores the process of exhumation and
reburial for approximately 600,000 military
personnel who relocated to Taiwan with the
National Government and were settled by the
Veterans Affairs Council after retirement. These
single veterans were buried using traditional inground burial methods. Over time, these graves
have deteriorated due to lack of maintenance and
are scattered across the country, making planned
reburial (secondary burial) challenging. To meet
environmental and burial management needs, the
government has been planning exhumation and
reburial annually. The Veterans Affairs Council
needs to conduct statistical surveys and process
reengineerin studies to balance budget savings and
environmental concerns, addressing the burial
issues of early single veterans. This study designs a
posthumous handling model and explores the
feasibility of budget savings and process
reengineering through in-depth expert interviews,
providing policy recommendations. The study
suggests handling the ashes through sea burial and
enshrining the memorial tablets in the Veterans’
Shrine to reduce storage space and achieve
information management. Currently, exhumation
and reburial operations rely mainly on private
donations, and it is recommended that the
government establish special funds to support these
efforts. Promoting eco-friendly burial methods,
such as sea burial, and providing legal protection
and operational guidelines are also advised.
Strengthening public education and advocacy to
promote the advantages and importance of ecofriendly burial methods is crucial. These
recommendations aim to save budget, improve
efficiency, and promote environmentally
sustainable burial practices
Strategic response and financial sustainability of sugar manufacturers in Nigeria
Authors: e Joshua Kinsanya Tunde , Adewale Adejuwon Joshua
Published: January 2025

The pursuit of long-term business viability is
central to organizational objectives, but the volatile
global business environment poses significant
financial sustainability challenges. This study
investigates the impact of strategic responses on the
financial sustainability of sugar manufacturers in
Lagos State, Nigeria, focusing on BUA Sugar
Refinery Ltd, Dangote Sugar Refinery PLC, and
Flour Mills of Nigeria Plc. A cross-sectional survey
design was employed, targeting 919 employees
from the three companies, which dominate over
91% of Nigeria’s sugar market. A sample of 326
employees was selected using stratified random
sampling, ensuring representation across
management levels. Data was collected through a
structured and validated questionnaire assessing
strategic response and financial sustainability. The
study's findings, based on regression analysis,
reveal a moderately strong positive correlation
between strategic response and financial
sustainability (R = 0.617, R² = 0.380). The
regression coefficient (β = 0.509) suggests that
improvements in strategic response directly
enhance financial sustainability. Statistical
significance was confirmed by an F-value of
170.060 and a p-value of 0.000. The results
underscore the importance of adopting sustainable
business models, stakeholder engagement, and
strategic adaptation to ensure long-term financial
success. The study recommends that sugar
manufacturers strengthen their strategic response
capabilities to secure their financial future.
Crime in Tourism Destinations: Implications on Tourism Behaviour among Participants in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Leonard Edadi Ukam , Salvation Ubi Eteng
Published: January 2025

The paper examined crime prevalence and its
implication on tourism behaviour among tourists in
Cross River State, Nigeria. Data were obtained
using 200 copies of questionnaire. Tourism
activities and destinations were identified and the
types/levels of crime were studied. The
implications of crime on tourism was equally
ascertained. Data were analysed using both
descriptive and inferential statistics. For instance,
modal values and Pearson product moment
correlation were employed in carrying out analysis.
The findings of the study revealed that tourists in
the study area are exposed to both violent and nonviolent crimes. It was also noted that the levels of
victimization of tourists across destinations showed
differences. Equally, it was observed that the
relationship between crime victimizationand
participation levelmoderate indicating a negative
relationship between the two variables. This
suffices that, as crime victimization increases,
participation level tends to decrease, and vice
versa. Based on the findings, it was inferred
thatsecurity across tourism destinations be
prioritized.
AI-Augmented Leadership: Enhancing Human Decision-Making
Authors: Wisdom Isangadighi
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming
leadership by enhancing how decisions are made in
organizations. Leaders today face increasingly
complex challenges that demand quick and
accurate decision-making. AI provides tools to
analyze vast amounts of data, predict outcomes,
and support effective strategies. Rather than
replacing human decision-making, AI works
alongside leaders, sharpening their judgment and
enabling them to navigate uncertainty with greater
confidence.
This journal explores how AI helps leaders make
smarter decisions through real-world examples.
Organizations like Amazon, IBM, and Google have
effectively used AI to optimize operations, improve
healthcare outcomes, and enhance employee
engagement, demonstrating the practical benefits of
AI-driven leadership. These examples show how
AI supports leaders in adapting to challenges,
improving performance, and driving innovation.
The study also outlines a practical framework for
integrating AI into leadership, emphasizing the
importance of clear problem definition, ethical
considerations, and ensuring human expertise
remains central. By addressing these factors, AI can
enhance decision-making while maintaining
transparency and accountability.
This paper highlights how AI is revolutionizing
leadership by complementing human skills,
providing leaders with the tools they need to make
faster, more accurate, and informed decisions. It
offers valuable insights and strategies for
leveraging AI effectively, ensuring leaders remain
prepared for the evolving demands of the future.
Factors for Poor Waste Management Performance in the Emerging Urban City of Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State
Authors: Olamide Eniola Victor , Daramola Olusola Joshua , Thomas, Akintunde Bolanle
Published: January 2025

The increasing challenges of waste management in
urban cities within developing nations are
intensifying daily. This study focuses on Ado Ekiti,
exploring the effectiveness of its solid waste
management strategies. We examine the types of
waste generated, disposal methods, collection
mechanisms, and the environmental impact of these
practices.
Our research utilizes questionnaires, scholarly
articles, newspapers, and on-the-spot observations.
Descriptive and inferential statistics reveal a
significant mismanagement of solid waste,
contributing to environmental degradation and
visual pollution.The study further made use of
finished-untampered-with-data relevant to the
paper as tertiary data.Descriptive and inferential
statistics reveal a significant mismanagement of
solid waste, contributing to environmental
degradation and visual pollution. The findings from
the final analysis revealed gross improper
management of solid waste. According to the
report, 96.3% agreed to the destruction of scenic
beauty. 95.7% agreed to its environmental
irritation. 96.9% of the respondents agreed there is
indiscriminate waste disposal. Similarly, 95.7% of
the respondents agreed that indiscriminate waste
disposal as having horrible smell and visual
pollution. The analysis is evident of the author‘s
field observation of the unkempt environment of
the city townscape and the road median of almost
all the major roads in the city are having patches of
solid waste deposit.
The paper hence, advocate for enhanced public
awareness and stricter enforcement of waste
disposal regulations to improve the urban
environment The paper further recommend
formulation of policy mandating each household to
possess a waste disposal bin in their compound for
sanitary purpose.
DIGITALIZATION AS A KEY TREND IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Authors:   Saratov state technical university named after Gagarin Yu.A., Mukhina Inna Vasilyevna , Slavnetskova Lyudmila Vladimirovna ,   Saratov state technical university named after Gagarin Yu.A.
Published: January 2025

Today, digitalization is increasingly integrated into all spheres of human life, bringing economic and social benefits to business and society. With the help of digital technologies and artificial intelligence, current problems are not only solved, but also progressive development is ensured. The effects of digitalization can be seen in the improvement of the standard and quality of life of the population; in the development of labor potential; in productivity growth; in the emergence of new more efficient business models.; in ensuring the possibility of monitoring the development of economic systems, which leads to an increase in their manageability both at the business and government levels; in increasing the social security of the country's population. This article examines the importance of digitalization not so much as a factor of development, but rather as an established trend in the development of socio-economic systems. Digitalization as a trend, i.e. a universal direction of development, covers all processes of economic and social development. The leading role of the state in the launch and development of digitalization processes, their orientation and support for public and private structures is shown. From an empirical point of view, some but significant results of digitalization occurring in the country in recent years were presented. The barriers and negative consequences of the introduction of digital tools for the population, business and the state are highlighted, requiring special attention to remove the destabilizing impact of digitalization on all aspects of economic and social life. Based on the results obtained in the course of the study, the hypothesis is confirmed that digitalization has become a trend in the development of socio-economic systems.
PROBLEMS OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR AN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors:   Volgograd state technical university, Kuzmina Alyona Aleksandrovna , Tkacheva Evgeniya Olegovna ,   Volgograd state technical university, Khoshimzhonov Abbosbek Ravshanbek ugli ,   Volgograd state technical university, Khuzhamberdiev Abdukodir Sobitjon ugli ,   Volgograd state technical university, Abdulhamidov Mukhammadjon ,   Volgograd state technical university
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the financial support of an educational organization of higher education. The introduction highlights the importance of timely and sufficient funding for educational institutions and ensuring a high-quality educational process, as well as the growing role of extra-budgetary sources in conditions of limited budgetary resources. The relevance of the research is determined by several key points: firstly, the financial provision of the university affects the quality of the educational process and scientific activity, secondly, higher education institutions are the main source of personnel, and finally, financing is a critical factor for scientific research and innovation. The research methods include statistical analysis of data based on official university documents, such as the balance of execution of estimates of income and expenses, as well as a report on the movement of fixed assets. Volgograd State Technical University, one of the leading technical universities in the Southern Federal District, was chosen as the object of the study. The main financial indicators of the university were analyzed in the article. The results show a noticeable increase in income from extra-budgetary activities and targeted subsidies, which indicates the university's ability to adapt to modern conditions. A decrease in financial assets has been identified, which may have an impact on the financial provision of higher education institutions. The analysis showed that government funding does not fully cover the needs of the university and there are a number of problems that need to be addressed. In conclusion, it is concluded that it is necessary to increase funding to ensure the effective operation of the higher education institution and the education system as a whole.
Implementation of AI-driven automation: A game-changer in accounting research
Authors: Ikwuo Ama Kalu , Nworie Gilbert Ogechukwu , Moedu Vitalis O.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study examined the implementation of Artificial Intelligence-driven Automation as a game changer in accounting research. Specifically, this study assessed the advantages and disadvantages of AI-driven automation in enhancing the quality of accounting research.
Methods: A descriptive survey design was used in the study. The study sample comprised of 137 accounting academics. Primary data for this study were collected using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were assigned quantitative measurements using a Likert scale system of ranks. Descriptive analytical tools (frequency and mean-point analyses) were used to analyze the data with the aid of the SPSS version 25 software.
Results: The findings  show a general consensus that AI-driven automation enhances the accuracy, efficiency, and comprehensiveness of accounting research, with high acceptance of its benefits. However, there are notable concerns about potential drawbacks such as reduced originality, difficulties in validation, and the risk of introducing biases or compromising ethical standards.
Limitations: This study’s limitations include a narrow sample of academics, potential response biases, and the inability to assess long-term AI impacts across diverse accounting professionals.  
Contribution: The implementation of AI-driven automation represents a game-changer in accounting research because it offers new opportunities to enhance the quality, efficiency, and scope of academic inquiry, as well as challenges and risks that must be carefully managed to ensure that the benefits of AI are fully realized while maintaining the integrity and rigor of the research process. Therefore, this study recommends that academic institutions and research ethics committees develop workable training programs that emphasize the importance of maintaining human oversight, creativity, and ethical standards when utilizing AI-driven automation in accounting research.
Pengaruh Diskon dan Gratis Ongkir terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada E-Commerce Lazada Indonesia
Authors: Hendrianto Aris Yhoga , Kusdiyanto Kusdiyanto
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study aims to examine the influence of discounts and free shipping promotions on consumer purchase decisions on the Lazada e-commerce platform. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method, involving 155 respondents who are Lazada users in Tawangsari District.
Research methodology: Data was collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire, and data analysis was performed using SmartPLS software.
Results: The results show that discounts have a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions with a coefficient of 0.486 and a p-value of 0.000. Free shipping promotions also have a significant effect, with a coefficient of 0.349 and a p-value of 0.007.
Limitations: This study is limited by several factors. First, the sample is confined to Lazada users in the Tawangsari District, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings to other regions.
Contribution: In conclusion, discount and free shipping strategies are important factors that encourage consumers to make purchases on Lazada. This study provides valuable insights for e-commerce managers to optimize their promotional strategies to attract more consumers
Pengaruh PDRB, Nilai Tukar, dan Inflasi terhadap Nilai Ekspor DI Yogyakarta Tahun 2015-2019
Authors: Ashari Syahrul Ramadhani , Sudarusman Eka , Prasetyo Tri Utomo
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh PDRB, nilai tukar, dan inflasi terhadap nilai ekspor DIY. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh perbedaan hasil penelitian-penelitian terdahulu tentang pengaruh PDRB, nilai tukar, dan inflasi terhadap ekspor. Selain itu, ekspor yang merupakan salah satu komponen kegiatan ekonomi suatu wilayah menjadikan pentingnya penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kinerja ekspor DIY dengan menggunakan data terkini. Penelitian ini menggunakan data terkini, yaitu tahun 2015 sampai dengan 2019. Hipotesis penelitian dibuktikan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan model regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PDRB dan nilai tukar berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai ekspor DIY. Akan tetapi, inflasi tidak terbukti berpengaruh terhadap nilai ekspor DIY.