bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The implementation of problem-based learning modules to decrease misconception on Newton’s law topic
Authors: Sari N , Murniati  , Ilyas S
Published: March 2020

Misconception of physics learning among senior high school students caused the lack of understanding about the physics itself. The purpose of this research was to find out whether the problem-based learning modules can decrease misconception and improve students’ learning outcomes on Newton’s law. Meanwhile, the research method used in this study was quasi experiment. This research was conduct at grade ten-E as experimental group and grade ten-D as control group. Diagnostic test used as the research instrument. Students’ misconception was analyzed using CRI Three Tier. The research showed that the level of students’ misconception in experimental class having implemented the modules decreased 70%. The misconception in control class after direct instruction applied also lessened by 37%. This proves that the decrease of misconception in experimental class outnumbers than in control class. Furthermore, students’ learning outcomes after the treatment given revealed that tcount > ttable which are 7, 64 > 1, 68. It means that there are significant differences on students’ learning outcome average after implementing problem-based learning modules. In conclusion, the implementation of problem-based learning modules can decrease students’ misconception and improve students’ learning outcome.
The role of Amazon river runoff on the multidecadal variability of the Atlantic ITCZ
Authors: Jahfer S , Vinayachandran P N , Nanjundiah Ravi S
Published: March 2020

Climate model projections for the 21st century predict an elongated dry season in the Amazon basin, potentially reducing the discharge into the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. In order to understand the climatic role of Amazon runoff into the ocean, sensitivity experiments were carried out using the Community Earth System Model (CESM). Without Amazon runoff, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) strengthens and the associated increase in northward heat transport induces a positive temperature anomaly in the North Atlantic Ocean with a spatial structure similar to the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV). A positive phase of AMV developed in the absence of Amazon runoff triggers a bipolar seesaw in SST across the thermal equator with warming to the north and cooling to the south. The boreal summer rainfall in the tropical Atlantic Ocean sector responds to this change in SST by displacing the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) to the north of its mean position. An alternate experiment by doubling the Amazon runoff shows a weakening of AMOC and AMV and a southward shift in the summer–time ITCZ. In both the experiments, we find that the largest change in rainfall is exhibited over the region where the AMV–induced decadal variability in rainfall is prominent, confirming the source of rainfall variability. Based on sensitivity experiments by varying the runoff, we propose that the Amazon discharge can affect the multidecadal variabilities, the AMOC and AMV, and thereby the low–frequency variability of rainfall over the tropical North Atlantic Ocean and northwest Africa. We conclude that the freshwater input from the Amazon plays a significant role in the sustained wet and dry climatic phases of rainfall events over the tropical North Atlantic Ocean and West African nations and thus have an impact on the regional hydrological cycle and economy.
Changes of city image in Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Jaafar S M R S , Ismail H N , Md Khairi N D
Published: March 2020

Previous studies on destination image have attempted to capture the differences in destination perceive image between the before and after trips. However, not much study has focused on the during-visit perceived image. This is crucial as to how the tourists actually experience the destination is when they actually visit the destination. The study aims to explore the actual image and image changes at each stage perceived by tourists. A total of 384 international tourists participated in the study involving two stages, using questionnaire and VEP techniques in Kuala Lumpur (KL). Volunteer Employed Photographer (VEP) techniques were used in capturing affective elements of the destination. Finding shows that international tourists perceived KL differently before and during visitation. Before visitation, cognitive and affective images of tourists differed according to their demography, information sources, and travel characteristic. Elements of expenditure and food were dominant in the cognitive images while culture, expenditure, and food were dominant in the affective images perceived by tourists before visiting city. Acknowledging the image changes helps in understanding the tourist preferences and loyalty towards the destination.
Linking engineering approach and local wisdom in water sensitive urban design as an adaptation strategy to climate change
Authors: Permana A S , Petchsasithon A
Published: March 2020

The impacts of climate change on cities have been clearly identified. Climate change threats the cities on urban infrastructure, urban life and well-being, urban environment and entire urban system. One of the most obvious impacts of climate change on urban system is the presence of more vulnerability of cities on urban floods due to global sea rise. This is particularly valid for coastal cities. While mitigation strategies could not be comprehensively completed in short time, the adaptation strategies could, therefore, be undertaken to complement the overall strategies to minimize the impacts. An engineering approach can be done at micro-level but should not be the only solution among many possible ways out. Urban planning and design, on the other hand, could be implemented at macro-level. Water sensitive urban design aims at minimizing the negative impacts of water-associated delinquencies through city planning and design. This study attempts to juxtapose the possible engineering approaches to cope with the impacts of climate change in the city at individual micro-level buildings as a way of the urban citizens to adapt to climate change impacts. The engineering solutions proposed in this study are discovered from various studies around the world and adjusted to local conditions taking into account locally available technologies for proper suitability and the solutions are therefore technologically possible, locally adaptable and environmentally friendly. The local wisdom on climate change adaptation itself has been observed in Southeast Asian countries.
City edutainment for educational and social justice for early childhood
Authors: Rusman N S , Ismail H N
Published: March 2020

Increasing demand for education-based facilities has shown high expectation towards better city function and quality of life. The needs for entertaining and being educated by its population lead to the concept of city edutainment. In this context, concept of city edutainment is rapidly growing to fulfil the needs of the early childhood through a medium that both educates and entertains. Edutainment concept is seen as a new image approach to increase profile of these tourism attractions targeting school group as market segment. It can be seen from the establishment of several edutainment attractions in big cities. However, there are still limited discussions as to what extent the edutainment’s concept fit into the needs of the educational purposes programs and later influence the city development. Hence, this study attempted to discuss the fundamental concept of edutainment, social justice in education, and the way of edutainment in the city influences the early childhood development through learning. The study shows that edutainment facilities are important elements for both urban planning and education. The understanding provides the opportunity to enhance the learning experience’s quality in the city. Thus, encourage the provision of tourism-recreational use settings that are more efficient and contribute to nation growth.
Tourism social entrepreneurship in community-based tourism: A case study of Pentingsari tourism village
Authors: Aji R R
Published: March 2020

Tourism is one of the biggest sources of income in Indonesia. Therefore tourism should be developed at the community level to ensure this flow of money reaches local communities. There are many approaches to tourism, such as community-based tourism, which applies different concepts based on local community characteristics. Tourism social entrepreneurship is a concept of community-based tourism that aims at sustainable community development. Pentingsari Tourism Village is well-known in the Special Region of Yogyakarta as one of the most successful community-based tourism villages. This research aims to describe the application of the Tourism Social Entrepreneurship concept in Pentingsari Tourism Village. The study uses a qualitative case study approach that follows a single holistic model which is generally used to thoroughly explain events. The research shows that Pentingsari Tourism Village uses its human, natural, social, and cultural community capitals to develop its tourism activities. Using these community capitals, the tourism village develops creative tourism solutions to achieve sustainable community-based tourism. Pentingsari Tourism Village can serve as a best practice around the world because itwas able to implement sustainable community development through tourism.
A unique Solo City
Authors: Soedwiwahjono
Published: March 2020

A city is a unique artifact that has meaning in the form of sites, events, and signs. Solo City should be seen as a place with cultural value, with a residential function and as an articulation of physical form. The development of the city must consider its unique conditions. The cultural values of the community must be considered while the elements of the city, functionally are synergistic and link resources and carrying capacity of the environment. Therefore, this paper addresses the question of what the city of Solo’s distinctive pattern of place, inhabitation and articulationis. The study used a qualitative descriptive method. It found that the city of Solo has experienced a change in cultural values; from mystic and utopian to realistic and pragmatic. The increase in economic activities is marked by the availability of facilities. The urban spatial structure of Solo was initially planned for the interests of transportation and defense by taking into account the concept of cosmology. Currently, Solo City has developed into a built environmentfor many activities. The city’s pattern of urban spatial changes is in line with its development dynamics.
Evaluating the quality experience of ecotourist in Taman Negara Pahang
Authors: Khairudin A D , Rahman N H A
Published: March 2020

Tourists that travel to a destination will gain different kinds of experiences due to several conditions of a destination. To identify what are the Quality Experience that a tourist gained, certain characteristics of experiences will be determined by using Memorable Tourism Experience (MTE). Taman Negara Pahang a National Park in Malaysia which rich in the natural habitat which is considered as an ecotourism destination. Thus, the purpose of this study is to understand the Quality Experience of eco-tourist in Taman Negara Pahang by using the Memorable Tourism Experience (MTE). This study will be focusing on the main objective which is to determine the most influential Quality Experience of eco-tourists in Taman Negara Pahang. This study is a quantitative study and an online survey was used as the data collection instrument for the 130 respondents. This study shows that the preferred Quality Experience of eco-tourist is Hedonism while the least preferred Quality Experience is Local Culture. This study contributes to identify the Quality Experience of eco-tourist gained after they have visited an ecotourism destination. Therefore, the results of this study can offer a quality contribution towards any responsible parties to manage Taman Negara Pahang in terms of services, and management.
Landslide community resilience: an examination of six neighborhoods in Sukorejo, Semarang
Authors: Ardinugroho N S , Handayani W
Published: March 2020

Semarang city has been facing a severe landslide disaster due to climate change and rapid urbanization. Community resilience, in turn, is an indispensable aspect that may help the city to mitigate the greater risk of landslide. This research aimed to assess community resilience in the most frequent landslide hazardous area in Semarang, which is Sukorejo. This research employed a quantitative approach to measure the level of community resilience in the form of an index (scale of 0-1). As a proxy, there were four variables adopted in this study: psychological, social capital and demography, economic, and access to facilities. The result showed that the highest resilience level is in the aspect of social capital and demography (0.63), while the lowest is the economic aspect (0.43). The neighborhoods with higher economic scores are likely to have lower social capital and demography score; while they have a high score in the psychological aspect. The aggregate (regency level) community resilience score for Sukorejo is 0.58. This score attests that the community has reached a moderate level of resiliency; hence, it needs improvement, mostly in the aspect of economic welfare. Leveraging community resilience that comprises of improvement in economic readiness would be strategically vital.
Understanding the smart society in rural development
Authors: Rochman G P , Odah  , Chofyan I , Sakti F
Published: March 2020

The smart society is a global movement that is highlighted in line with digital technology advances. Most studies of the smart society focus on the use of technology to aid human activities, especially in urban areas. Yet, the study on how technology impacts rural communities is still limited. As such, this paper provides an understanding of the smart society in a rural development context by examining the role of digital technology.The study applied qualitative research methods to understand the complexity ofan empirical study and used in-depth interviews with key informants. Then, a qualitative content analysis method was used by analysing communication systematically and objectively. The study found that the rural community was able to access and utilize external resources to provide added value to the community. Moreover, interactions between the rural and urban communities generated ideas through a learning process. One of these ideas was the application of digital technology to stimulate the social and economic development of rural communities. Digital technology was used to promote the potential of the village and facilitate the community in preserving local culture. Regardless, rural communities still have limited skills in usingand developing this technology independently.
The level of satisfaction in construction of post-earthquake houses in Tanjung Sub-district, North Lombok Regency
Authors: Widayanti B H , Yuniarman A , Lestari S A P , Yunianti S R
Published: March 2020

The earthquake disaster on Lombok Island in 2018 impacted 564 inhabitants, damaged167,939 houses, and damaged infrastructure. This condition requires the community to live in temporary shelters. The government, stakeholders, and other social agencies have worked together to rebuild the houses during the rehabilitation and reconstruction phase. The government’s earthquake-resistant residential model consists of simple instant houses (RISHA), conventional instant houses (RIKO), and instant wooden houses (RIKA). The purpose of this research was to analyze the level of community satisfaction of these houses. The research used five variables, i.e., reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangible with 24 sub-variables. The analysis method used isthe Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). The research found that the CSI values for the RISHA and the RIKA model are 70.80% and 67.61%, respectively. Both models are in the satisfied category. Meanwhile, the CSI value for RIKO is 81.86% which is in the category of very satisfied.
Spatial territoriality in the Semanggi embankment area
Authors: Hakim I C , Sunoko K , Purwani O
Published: March 2020

This paper focuses on the issues of territoriality in densely populated settlements in the Semanggi embankment area. Semanggi is one of the slums in Surakarta which has territoriality issues caused by uneven spatial growth. This location has a high population density, yet it also attempts to accommodate the growth of people"s activities. This issue occurs because of the environment"s failure to reach or provide the residents with the desired level of privacy. The territoriality in the Semanggi embankment area sometimes creates conflicts stemming from spatial issues, particularly encroachment; an outcome which indicates there is a practice of territoriality in this area which this research aims to explore. To gather data a descriptive qualitative method was used in this study, with information collected by observation and interviews. After that, the data that demonstrated the practice of territoriality via spatial activities was analyzed. The results show that there are practices of territoriality in the area, particularly by marking and personalization. These practices, which are mainly caused by residents" economic needs, might affect one another. The forms of territoriality practiced can also be affected by gender, physical factors, and cultural aspects.
Embracing tourist behaviour in managing Melaka WHS
Authors: Md Khairi N D , Ismail H N , Jaafar S M R S
Published: March 2020

Melaka WHS has inherited an outstanding universal value (OUV) that are listed as a World Heritage Site that must be properly managed. Stakeholders and agencies that manage a WHS are faced with a major challenge. In particular, making decisions for Melaka WHS is very challenging. WHS is a complex site where the management of the area requires the coordination of a large number of disciplines. Extending this line of research, the present study aims to understand the different perspectives of stakeholders and agencies that manage tourism resources through the tourist behaviour information gathered. In doing so, face to face interviews is conducted to validate the findings from those responsible and knowledgeable in managing WHS using content analysis in constructing appropriate themes which later can be used to develop a visitor management plan effectively. Evidence from five responsible agencies involved in managing Melaka WHS indicated that knowledge of tourist behaviour helps in assisting them in future planning and management. The results provide a different insights on the management actions and preferences. With proper knowledge, activities of tourists can be recorded and can be further used to inform management decisions such as wayfinding, accessibility, and carrying capacity.
Thermal reduction at the Atmowikoro House as the Javanese-Indische building in Laweyan
Authors: Larasati N N , Setyaningsih W , Winarto Y
Published: March 2020

Climate is one of the most important factors to consider in house design. Climate in Indonesia has a relatively hot air temperatures, high solar radiation and high humidity. Javanese-Indische building is one of the architectural products of the past having a high quality of adaptability to the Indonesian environment. The application of the Javanese space and the colonial form created buildings in Laweyan as the best architectural description of its time. This article is intended to reveal thermal performance in one of the Javanese-indische buildings in Laweyan, the Atmowikoro house built in 1818. The aim of the study is to review the extent to which climate considerations in building a Javanese-Indische house were carried out by the Laweyan people at that time. The method employed was the quasi-experimental method using Ecotect software to take thermal measurements of Atmowikoro buildings. Atmowikoro house has the ability to adjust the thermal movement in tropical climate. The reduction in temperature is evidenced by the presence of an average thermal difference in the environment, 3.7°C higher in the dry season and 3.8°C higher in the rainy season than that of the temperature in the building.
Cultural heritage as city identity case study of Ngawi, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Hermawan B , Sholihah A B
Published: March 2020

Cultural globalization has an impact on the loss of the distinctiveness of places, so place identity becomes an important issue in urban design. Ngawi is located in the western part of East Java Province and is often passed by tourists heading to cities in East Java. However, tourists are unfamiliar with Ngawi and only pass it on their journey. This underlines the need to form a city identity to lift the image of the city of Ngawi. Several cultural heritage sites can be appointed as city identity, namely Van Den Bosch Fort, Trinil Museum, Pesanggrahan Srigati, Kediaman Radjiman Widyadiningrat, Sien Hien Kiong Temple and Soedhono Sugar Factory. This study aims to identify factors of cultural heritage that can be used as a city identity as well as the way to manage these identity factors. It uses mixed methods through physical assessment, butterfly diagrams to assess cultural significance, and expert interviews to achieve robust results. The results of the study show that Van Den Bosch Fort is a cultural heritage site that can play an important role to represent the identity of Ngawi City. Consequently, appropriate management of the site is needed to maintain its role as a city identity.
Multi-ethnic community participation in the preservation of the heritage area of Ampenan, Indonesia
Authors: Hirsan F P , Jauhari L , Caesarina H M
Published: March 2020

Ampenan is located in Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara. The city was previously known for its port and was the center of trade and economic activity in Lombok. To this day Ampenan still preserves its cultural heritage. The community in Ampenan is multi-ethnic due to its historic function as a port city. There are some ethnic villages located in the heritage area of Ampenan. Specifically, Malay, Chinese, Arab, Balinese, Banjar, and Bugis villages are located in the core of heritage area, and in its surroundings. This research aimed to identify the participation of the multi-ethnic community in preserving the heritage area of Ampenan. The study used descriptive-qualitative methods through observations, in-depth interviews, and literature review, using the variables of preservation of cultural heritage. The study found that the majority of the multi-ethnic communities who live in the core of the heritage area have a high level of participation in preserving cultural heritage. Meanwhile, those who live in the villages located in the surrounding area still lack participation because heritage preservation only affects their villages indirectly.
Muntok as a cultural landscape
Authors: Kurniawan K R , Soedjalmo D , Nuraeny E
Published: March 2020

The abundance of natural resources has influenced the cultural landscape of Muntok. It is blessed with hills, forests, rivers, and beaches that attracted people of various cultural backgrounds to settle. Besides its unique landscape, Muntok was famous for its commodities such as tin and pepper in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Malay, Chinese, European, and Arab clusters are the legacy of the commodities trade in Muntok. However, nowadays, the landscape is polluted by illegal tin mining. If this practice continues, it will further destroy the environment and Muntok’s cultural heritage. This paper investigates Muntok’s tangible and intangible values as a cultural landscape after the golden era of tin mining using a qualitative research methodology. This paper maps Muntok’s natural landscape from the hills to the shore, especially focusing on water-related aspects of the landscape. A series of in-depth interviews with locals forms the basis for a discussion of lost intangible values due to the destruction of the natural landscape. As a preliminary study, this paper proposes policy recommendations on conservation and development planning in Muntok. The paper also highlights Muntok’s potential to be recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site in the future.
The influence of “sense of place” on the formation of the city image of the riverside historic urban district (Case study of Kampung Bandar, Senapelan, Pekanbaru)
Authors: Asfarilla V , Agustiananda P A P
Published: March 2020

As towns and cities developed, their characteristics manifest as the uniqueness brought by the diversity among them. However, modernization had cause the uniqueness tend to fade and lose its meaning as part of the image of a city. Kampung Bandar, the oldest historic district of Pekanbaru located on the riverside of Siak River, is no longer well-known for its prominent past. There are three historic sites that is potential to be developed as the image of the district, namely Rumah Singgah Tuan Kadi, Istana Hinggap and Rumah Tenun. This paper aims to assess how a sense of place influences the city image in the historic riverside district of Kampung Bandar based on the perceptions of its inhabitants, as well as the role of landmarks as attributes of the sense of place in the formation of the historic urban district’s image. This research used a mixed-method. Qualitative methods involve in-depth interviews with experts and community leaders, whereas quantitative methods scored sites importance according to the local community. The results of the study show that Rumah Singgah Tuan Kadi have the highest sense of place and contribute significantly to the formation of the riverside urban district’s image.
Continuity of tradition: Vernacularity of the modern Javanese house transformation in Laweyan, Surakarta
Authors: Cahyono U J , Farkhan A , Nugroho P S
Published: March 2020

Javanese architecture has transformed from vernacular tradition to modern. The outward appearance of modern Javanese houses in Laweyan seems heavily influenced by European styles because they are more permanent and are considered less suitable for a tropical climate. However, these houses are the work of the Laweyan people which are based on the Javanese house principle of ‘shelter’ architecture and are in harmony with the climate. This study attempts to understand the philosophical basis of the Javanese people in building houses. The method used in this study is a qualitative case study that seeks to uncover the vernacular concepts shaping some modern Javanese houses in Laweyan. This research has identified several vernacular strategies in the development of modern Javanese homes i.e., 1) responding to the tropical climate by using traditional Javanese architecture; 2) applying up-to-date construction technology and materials; 3) recycling used materials and elements from the past to remember and honor ancestral heritage. This paper concludes that the vernacularity of the Laweyan house does not always conflict with tradition. It has even enriched traditional knowledge, namely the principle of memetri and has helped the Javanese people in realizing their ideal homes that still adhere to traditions.
The persistence of settlement space of AKUR customary community in Cigugur, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Indratno I , Agustina I H , Chamid C , Siddik A M , Kuntoro S H
Published: March 2020

The Karuhan Urang Customary Community (Masyarakat Adat Karuhun Urang– AKUR) from Cigugur is one of the communities that still adhere to Sunda Wiwitan beliefs. This community has mutual respect for the religious views of others. At the Seren Taun ceremony, people from various religions attend and pray together in Paseban Tri Panca Tunggal as an effort to preserve the cultural heritage of the community’s ancestor. Other efforts to preserve their culture surfaced when a company wanted to acquire land for geothermal exploitation. Collectively, the community refused to release the area to ensure the preservation of their settlement concept. The research aims to reveal the underlying structure in the community settlement system as a manifestation of the community’s transcendental awareness. This article reveals the meaning of space by exploring the surface structure of form and function of community culture. Moreover, the paper assesses community awareness by interpreting deep structures. The findings show that the persistence of settlement space was inspired by the great respect of the community for their ancestors. Furthermore, the teachings of their ancestors are embedded in the community’s unconsciousness and govern their values of culture, nationality, and religion. As a result, strong tolerance manifests in a sense of universal brotherhood.
The availability and role of urban green space in South Jakarta
Authors: Sari D A K , Widyawati L F , Pramesti D
Published: March 2020

The availability of urban green space (UGS) is one of the essential components to achieve sustainable urban development. However, the existing UGS has to contribute to the quality of life of the citizen. The purposes of this study were to identify the availability of UGS in the urban community level by measuring the green space area per capita and to study the quality and usage of existing green spaces. We referred Permen PU 05/PRT/M/2008 about the Guideline for Provision and Utilization of Green Open Space in Urban Areas to calculate the green space area per capita. The UGS in this paper only addresses the urban community parks. The research method was both qualitative and quantitative descriptive, while the data collection used survey methods, questionnaire and field observation. The result of this study shows that only 27 of 65 urban communities can meet the minimum standard for UGS availability. Moreover, the study found that most of the respondents visit the park because of the need of doing a sports activity. Since it supports their health condition. The result of this research can contribute to improving the provision and quality of UGS in developing countries.
Rainwater Harvesting as an Alternative Water Source in Semarang, Indonesia: The Problems and Benefits
Authors: Mukaromah H
Published: March 2020

One of the obvious impacts of climate change is the vulnerability of clean water availability due to uncertain weather conditions marked by the shift in periods of rainy and dry seasons. Semarang is a coastal city with a diverse topography that faces challenges of clean water supply. Semarang’s residents living in hilly areas still rely on non-piped water as a source of clean water which, in turn, affects ground water availability. On the other hand, rainwater runoff can cause flooding due to the limited extent of non-built-up areas for water infiltration. The Association of Cities Climate Change Resilience Network (ACCCRN) has initiated a pilot project to implement a rainwater harvesting (RH) system which could increase Semarang’s resilience in clean water provision. The communal RH model was applied in Tandang Village, while the individual RH model was implemented in Wonosari Village. This paper aims to explore the problems and benefits of the use of the RH system for both models. This study applies a mixed method approach via interviews with all relevant stakeholders and questionnaires for rainwater harvesting users. The study found that problems that arise are the perception that rainwater is only fit for non-consumption needs, the community’s willingness to utilize rainwater depends on the availability of other alternative water sources, the high installation costs for the poor especially for the individual models, and the challenge of the community’s willingness in managing communal systems requiring collective participation. The benefits of using RH can be seen from the cost savings for clean water, the formation of social capital from collaborative efforts of managing the communal RH system, and the reduction of rainwater runoff as one of the factors that cause floods.
An integrated assessment of spatial planning towards the multi-hazard risk in Surakarta City
Authors: Miladan N , Handayani K N , Soedwiwahjono
Published: March 2020

The urban development is correlated to urban economic growth. This situation often produces negative impacts on the environment, such as the emergence of disaster risks. Oftentimes, disaster risk existence is not sufficiently considered in spatial planning. Consequently, urban development does not support the efforts of urban disaster risk reduction and adaptation. This paper discusses the synchronization between spatial planning, and multi-hazard risk reduction and adaptation. Surakarta City was selected for the research case. This city has a multi-hazard risk including flood, fire, and traffic accidents. This paper evaluated the synchronization of the multi-hazard risk to the spatial planning of Surakarta City. This research used a deductive approach, and it is documentary research. The main data were based on urban institutional documents. Furthermore, the descriptive analysis technique wasused for exploring the data and information. The research result explains that the procedural evaluation shows the most part of the integration process of the multi-hazard risk assessment that has been conducted, although, on another side, the substantive evaluation indicates that the lack of criteria integration for the multi-hazard risk and the urban spatial planning takes place.
Environmental carrying capacity based on ecosystem services of Penajam Paser Utara Regency
Authors: Aji M B W , Ghozali A
Published: March 2020

Until 2017, the economy of Penajam Paser Utara Regency was still dominated by the primary sector of agriculture, plantations, and mining. The exploitation of this sector is oriented ateconomic growth resulting in environmental degradation and a decrease in ecosystem quality as indicated by the intensity of natural disasters. Notably, over the past eight years, there have been forty-six natural disasters. Therefore, the land use planning in Penajam Paser Utara Regency must be evaluated based on the carrying capacity of the environment. One possible approach is an ecosystem services assessment to ensurethat future land use planning can match its ecosystem carrying capacity. The purpose of this research is a three-stageevaluation of land use planning in Penajam Paser Utara Regency based on the characteristics of itsecosystem services. First, environmental support analysis based on ecosystem services uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process assessment to obtain the weight of each variety. Then, thecalculatedcurrent carrying capacity index is transformed into maps with five classifications namely very low, low, medium, high and very high. The study found twenty-two types of ecosystem services in Penajam Paser Utara Regency and the most dominant is the ecosystem service for energy provision with an area of 119.979 Ha.
Potential approaches on translating expatriates consumption behaviour of spending categories into spatial implication through Second Homes Programmes
Authors: Khan M J , Misnan S H , Ismail H N
Published: March 2020

Malaysia My Second Home (MM2H) programme is an international residency scheme that allows the expatriates to live in Malaysia on a long stay visa up to 10 years. In the past 10 years, the programme generated about RM17 billion through receipts and spending amounts by the programme’s participants. Due to their rights to own properties in the nation, their consumption behavior could spill out to the immediate business areas and gives value-added to surroundings. Thus, this paper aims to highlight the approaches on examining consumption behaviour of MM2H participants. Firstly, this paper reviewed previous researches and methods on analysing consumption behaviour, which later tabulated into spending categories. Afterwards, this paper clarified on chosen methods to translate these categories into spatial mapping, including data collection techniques. Subsequently, the spending categories are vary of 14 distinctive categories. The expenditure pattern is measured by taking into account the spending amount and spending location for each categories. From that, the categories are weighted according to its contribution, and the implication onto spatial locality context are evaluated through weighted spatial mapping analysis. This paper provides methodology on translating consumption behaviour, in relation of understdanding economic impacts at local surrounding context by foreign bodies.
Reviews on interrelationship between transportation and tourism: Perspective on sustainability of urban tourism development
Authors: Tan P Y , Ismail H N
Published: March 2020

This paper delivered the review of current research interest in tourism and transport within the context of sustainability. Transportation is important for every tourist traveling to their destinations, tourism industry cannot thrive successfully without it. Thus, this study will demonstrate the relationship of transportation-related to tourist’s satisfaction towards tourism transport, factors affected tourist’s mode of transport and tourist mobility by using the available transport in the destination to investigate the interaction between the two elements. Therefore, selected keywords will be used to identify articles in Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar to sort the most suitable article for review purposes. The review indicated that the tourist’s satisfaction is important for the evaluation of transport performance in the destination and different contexts of research. The review also found that existing transport modes in the destination will affect tourist movement, especially in terms of the designated route of transport and walkability to the tourist attraction places. In short, this review paper recommends the aspect of using new technologies as a potential analysis tool that allowed transportation greatly improved in the tourism sector. Overall, this review also aimed to identify the variable or attribute associated with achieving the idea of sustainable development.
Transgenerational entrepreneurship and survivability in rural economy
Authors: Puzi M A M , Ismail H N , Jaafar S M R S
Published: March 2020

Transgenerational entrepreneurship is the new theoreticalperspective that introducing the family capability to transfer entrepreneurship for generations. This paper investigates the relationship between family business, entrepreneurship and the rural economy. 18 entrepreneurial families in Langkawi island were selected because this community capability to develop the island to be a tourism destination in Malaysia. Data collected through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis was applied. As a result, transgenerational tourism entrepreneurship dimensions were created which are; survivability mindset, smallness, family cumulative entrepreneurship experience, entrepreneurship molding and goal achievement. The first dimension is the survivability mindsetwhere business life is the family life-line. Smallness is the second dimension that emphasizes the size of the business that expands on the family capability. Following is the family cumulative family entrepreneurship experience from the founder to the young generation. The next dimension, entrepreneurship molding for entrepreneurship nurture and retirement. Lastly, family goalsare to achieveresiliency and new generation expansion. Hence, the family prefers long term plan with a low-risk investment to create sustainable economic development. Development planning for the economy should not treat the local community as the second option but empowering them to be sustainable entrepreneurs.
The factors influencing the modal choice for home-to-school trips based on neighborhood unit typology towards Surakarta as a child-friendly city
Authors: Putri R A , Rini E F , Imtiyas S , Sinniah G K , Ghani N A
Published: March 2020

The children movement in accessing elementary school as social facilities on the neighborhood unit (NU) level should not contribute to CO2 gas emissions. Yet, in 2017, these movements produced an average emission of 0.15% of the total emissions of the transportation sector in Surakarta. The higher degree of conformity of the NU with the criteria of the child-friendly city (CFC), the greater the chances of children being able to access elementary school without using motorized modes of transportation. This article aims to uncover the factors that affect children’s transportation modal choice to access elementary schools in supporting Surakarta to become a CFC. The study uses four stages: (1) NU’s conformity to the criteria of CFC; (2) children’s modal choice to access elementary school; (3) the characteristics of factors that influence modal choice in accessing elementary school; and (4) the factors of modal choices to access elementary school. The study found two distinct categories of modal choice priorities based on the NU typologies which must be considered in efforts to establish Surakarta as a CFC. In one category the transportation system dictates priorities while user characteristics and movement characteristics affect modal choices in the second category of neighborhood units.
Tourist expectation and satisfaction towards pedestrian walkway in Georgetown, a World Heritage Site
Authors: Noraffendi B Q B M , Rahman N H A
Published: March 2020

Recently, many cities in the world have incorporating walkability as a distinctive feature towards becoming a walkable tourism destination. A high-quality walkable environment has been greatly demanded by pedestrian use as it assures a sense of comfort and safety. In the context of Malaysia, the walkability concept is mostly applicable to any tourism places or the capital of a state long recognized as an urban heritage site. Despite this, there has been little research done in terms of the relationship between tourist expectation and tourist satisfaction towards walkability particularly in Georgetown, which is a World Heritage Site. The main objective of the study was to determine the relationship between tourist expectation and tourist satisfaction towards the existing pedestrian walkway in Georgetown. Research data were gathered via fieldwork observation and an online survey, whereby questionnaires were have distributed to 150 respondents made up of tourists who experienced walking in the study area. The outcomes demonstrated that tourist expectation in terms of the spatial features of the pedestrian walkway was relatively greater than tourist satisfaction. Hence, the findings of the study will be very useful for urban city planners in incorporating walkability to enhance the walking experience within the city.
Composition, microstructure and mechanical homogeneity evaluation of the Y-bearing 9Cr F/M steel fabricated by VIM & casting technique
Authors: Zhang Yong , Guo Weiwei , Yan Qingzhi
Published: March 2020

Casting is suggested to be a promising method to produce the low-cost ODS steel with large volume and high throughput. However, the ingot homogeneity of the cast ODS steel was rarely reported. Recently, our group prepared a castable ODS steel, which exhibited long creep life of 3800 h under 650 °C and 120 MPa. Thus the purpose of this work is presenting the homogeneity of the castable ODS steel. Theoretical addition of Y was 0.1 wt% thereby the steel was named as 9Cr-10Y. Nine samples were machined from the top, middle, bottom, left, center, right regions of this plate then subjected to homogeneity analysis. Y content, prior austenite grain size and second phase size of the nine specimens were 0.023–0.034 wt%, 9.27–0.94 μm and 294–314 nm, respectively. Low coefficient of variation (Cv) of 14.5% for Y content, 2.3% for prior austenite grain size and second phase size indicated that the homogeneous composition and microstructure were achieved in the 9Cr-10Y plate. Besides, hardness fluctuated within a small range and all the Cv values were in the range of 0.8%–4.3%, which demonstrated that the hardness distribution along RD, TD, and ND was homogeneous. Furthermore, the 9Cr-10Y plate exhibited high strength of 765 MPa and high elongation of 18.9% as well as low DBTT of −40 °C.
An inherited albumin variant with enhanced affinity for the Amerlex thyroxin-analog.
Authors: France N C , Speed J F , Conaglen J V
Published: March 2020

We describe two siblings with artefactually increased results for free thyroxin in serum as measured with the Amerlex analog method, despite normal thyroxin transport. The cause of the artefact is identified as a variant albumin with enhanced affinity for the Amerlex thyroxin-analog.
4 The Effects of Rapid Rewarming on Tissue Salvage in Severe Frostbite Injury
Authors: Rogers Charlotte , Endorf Frederick W , Punjabi Gopal , Gayken Jon , Whitley Angela , Fey Ryan , Schmitz Kyle , Nygaard Rachel
Published: March 2020

Introduction

Frostbite is a high morbidity, high cost injury caused by soft tissue freezing, which can lead to digit or limb necrosis requiring amputation. Many severe frostbite injuries are initially assessed at healthcare facilities outside of dedicated burn centers. Rapid rewarming is the widely accepted first line treatment and is typically performed by placing the affected body parts in a 40–42 C water bath for 15–30 minutes. The aim of this study is to ascertain the clinical practices at the referring facilities before transferring patients with severe frostbite to regional burn centers, as well as any impact on clinical outcomes.

Methods

Upon IRB approval, retrospective chart review identified severe frostbite patients admitted to our ABA verified burn center between 2014 and 2019. Records were reviewed to identify initial rewarming strategy from referring facilities. Time to thrombolytics after initial admission was also noted. Amputation and salvage rates were calculated.

Results

Seventy-four severe frostbite patients presented to outside facilities and 96 were direct admissions (N=170). There was no significant difference in age, gender, social and comorbid characteristics between transfer and direct admit groups. We found that a significantly greater number of transfer patients received tPA versus direct admit patients (82.4% v 66.7%, P=0.023). On average, tPA was given 1.5 hours earlier in the direct admit patients (5.8 vs 7.3 hours, P=0.004). There was no significant difference in tissue at risk scores (10.2 v 9.1, P=0.465), percentage of patients requiring amputation (35.1% v 24.0%, P=0.126), or tissue salvage rates (76.8 v 84.2, P=0.207) between the two groups. In the cohort of patients presenting to outside hospitals, 66% received rapid rewarming. Other warming modalities at referring centers included warm intravenous fluids, heated blankets, heated oxygen, catheter-based warming, bladder irrigation, and heat packs. On regression analysis, the use of rapid rewarming was not a significant predictor for poor outcomes for limb salvage (P=0.578). The early use of thrombolytics had a positive outcome on limb salvage (P=0.013).

Conclusions

Initial rewarming practices for frostbite vary dramatically at outside centers. While rapid rewarming was not statistically associated with improved outcomes, variations in specific treatment modalities and limited sample size decrease the likelihood of identifying differences in a retrospective study. Outreach efforts are needed to educate outside centers about the importance of rapid rewarming and early transfer of severe frostbite patients to burn centers for thrombolytic therapy.

Applicability of Research to Practice

This study shows the need for outreach and education of frostbite management for non-burn centers.