bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Myocardial strain/stress changes identified by echocardiography may reveal early sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction
Authors: Wang Xiaoting , Su Longxiang , Yang Rongli , Zhang Hongmin , Liu Dawei
Published: January 2018

Objective

To perform early assessment of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) using strain/stress echocardiography.

Methods

A canine model of SIMD was established using intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 mg/kg). Thirteen dogs were included, comprising an LPS-treated SIMD group ( n = 7) and saline control group ( n = 6). SIMD was assessed at various time-points using cardiac measurements including haemodynamics and echocardiography.

Results

Systolic and radial ventricular wall stress and circular ventricular wall stress (WSsc) were significantly lower in the sepsis group versus the control group at all time-points. Logistic regression analysis revealed an inverse correlation between stress rate of the front-posterior and bottom wall and left ventricle systolic wall strength. In contrast, a positive correlation was found between the mean velocity of circumferential fibre shortening (mVCF) or heart rate-adjusted mVCF (RVCF) and WSsc. Using regression equations, predicted values for mVCF and RVCF in animals with sepsis were significantly higher than measured values at 4- 5- and 6-h time-points.

Conclusions

These findings will further the understanding of pathophysiological alterations in SIMD at the early stage of sepsis, and suggest that strain rate may reflect the nature of myocardial contractility.
The mental health of societies
Authors: Seabrook Jeremy
Published: January 2018

It has been common to think that societies which become pathological and extreme are the responsibility of deranged leaders such as Hitler, Pol Pot, Kim Jong-Un or Saddam Hussein. In fact these are usually a reflection and symbol of deeper social disorders. This article considers the mental health of societies, and looks at the loss of equilibrium in what have liked to think of themselves as models for the rest of the world to follow. The advent of Trump has uncovered a profound crisis of faith in what the US represents; a crisis of loss of meaning, in its heartland, of an imperialism which has scattered and laid waste with impunity cultures and societies across the globe.
Das Sogenannte Narrativ/Kontinuative Jw=F Ḥr (Tm) S

d

m
Authors: Junge Friedrich
Published: January 2018

Reconsideration of the ‘non-initial main clause’ in Late Egyptian. Its main features (specific negation, being marked for temporal/narrative sequence, and being the ‘sentence’ part of closed sentential complexes) may be explained synchronically, as particular uses of the ‘circumstantial first present’, and/or as the result of diachronic interference. It is argued that the different modes of clause negation are syntactically of no, and semantically of little, significance on the sentence level. The sequential/continuative usage can be subsumed to ‘co-ordination’ as part of the functional pattern of circumstantials. The uses of the form in closed complexes following temporal wnn=f Ḥr sdm, and after adverbials and jr-constructions, are mere survivals of Middle Egyptian patterns. There is a short discussion of the position of Late Egyptian in the language's history, and of problems of ‘contrastive’ (translational) correspondences.
An inscribed mirror in Athens
Authors: Bird Julian G.
Published: January 2018

Publication of an Old Kingdom mirror, which bears both the name and title of the priestess of Hathor for whom it was originally inscribed and a modern copy of an ancient Greek inscription.
The Site of the Wild Bull-Hunt of Amenophis III
Authors: Ritner Robert K.
Published: January 2018

The toponym Štp, found on the wild bull-hunt scarabs, is identified with the well-attested name of the metropolis of the Wadi el-Natrun, Štp·t. Implications for the court residence are also discussed.
The Location of Irem
Authors: O'Connor David
Published: January 2018

Since Priese's well-argued article of 1974, it has been accepted by many scholars that the southern toponym Irem probably lay in Upper Nubia, although Kitchen (1977) and Vercoutter (1980) dissented from that view. After a critical review of Priese's argument and the relevant evidence, it is suggested here that Irem is rather to be located somewhere within a triangle defined by the Shendi reach, the northern Butana, and the Atbara. Historical reconstruction must, at the least, take both locational possibilities into account. The implications for New Kingdom campaigning in the Sudan are that an Upper Nubian locale for Irem indicates an insecure hold over that region, whereas a more southerly location indicates an aggressive Egyptian policy corresponding to those followed in Western Asia.
Amenophis III's vizier Amenhotep at Silsilah East
Authors: Caminos Ricardo A.
Published: January 2018

Work of the Archaeological Survey of Egypt at Gebel es-Silsilah has confirmed Legrain's suggestion that the Amenhotep shown adoring the cartouches of Amenophis III in a shrine on the east bank was ‘the overseer of the City and vizier’ of that king. The same officer must be the ‘Imn-ḥtp also shown adoring Amenophis Ill's cartouches on Legrain's Stela B, where the man's name is legible but his titles are not. It is possible that he was also represented in two more shrines at Silsilah East. In all these monuments his figure and identity docket were hacked out in antiquity for unknown reasons.
Pillow stuffings from Amarna
Authors: Thomas Angela P.
Published: January 2018

Report on an analysis of nine samples of masses of fibres excavated at Amarna in the 1920s, which were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Wool, flax, and cotton fibres were present and also fibres from a fur-bearing animal, feathers, and small slivers of wood. These masses were previously identified as the remains of pillow-stuffings. The presence of cotton in some samples indicates that they date at the earliest to the Roman period and may even be relatively modern. Recent gerbil activity at Amarna has been noted and these specimens therefore seem very likely to be the remains of gerbil nesting material, rather than connected with any human occupation at the site.
Two walking-sticks with texts mentioning Memphis
Authors: Malek Jaromir
Published: January 2018

Publication of two walking-sticks of the New Kingdom, probably from Saqqâra, and belonging to the lector-priest Neferhotep and the overseer of oil-makers Meh respectively.
A Note on ‘Ineditum Campioneum Nottinghamense’
Authors: Ray J. D.
Published: January 2018

A corrected reading of a Greek inscription on a stela in Nottingham, published by F. M. Heichelheim in JEA 30.
New Light on Kiya from Texts in the British Museum
Authors: Reeves C. Nicholas
Published: January 2018

Publication of six further objects relating to Akhenaten's lesser wife, Kiya. These are a portion from an offering slab of the type held by a standing figure; three column fragments from the North Palace at el-Amarna with texts appropriated by Meritaten; a fragment from a calcite cosmetic vessel; an additional koḥl-tube fragment in faience. Kiya's status at the Amarna royal court is considered in the light of this new material, and her probable importance to the eventual outcome of the Amarna episode stressed.
Bemerkungen zur Stele des Merer in Krakau
Authors: Jansen-Winkeln Karl
Published: January 2018

Discussion of some of the textual problems of the stele of Merer in the Cracow Museum, first published by Černý inJEA 47 (1961). This important document for the history of the First Intermediate Period contains the earliest attestation of the image of the balance in the Judgement of the Dead
A Casket Fragment of Rarnesses IX in the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Cambridge
Authors: Dodson Aidan , Reeves C. Nicholas
Published: January 2018

Publication of an ivory panel in Cambridge which originally formed part of the box Cairo JE 2627 I from the Deir el-Bahri royal cache.
A Glazed Composition Sistrum Handle Inscribed for Amenrud
Authors: Spencer A. J.
Published: January 2018

The royal name on a faience votive sistrum, BM 43070, is identified as that of ‘Amenrud-Miamun, beloved of Thoth, lord of Ashmunein’.
More Light on a Saite Official of the God's Wife of Amun
Authors: Leahy Anthony
Published: January 2018

Publication of a Twenty-sixth Dynasty painted wooden stela of Theban type in the Newbury Museum, belonging to an official of the God's Wife of Amun, Irtiertjai, with prosopographic discussion.
An Inscribed Hadra Hydria in the Pelizaeus Museum, Hildesheim
Authors: Connor P. J.
Published: January 2018

Publication of Hildesheim PM 1190, a hydria of Egyptian clay, which can be attributed to the Workshop of the Branchless Laurel. It bears an ink inscription naming an official Philon, here styled agorastes, who is known from texts dated to 243-233 BC.
Hatshepsut and ‘her father’ Mentuhotpe II
Authors: Dodson Aidan
Published: January 2018

Publication of an unprovenanced alabaster shell in Liverpool, which bears an inscription commemorating a work by Hatshepsut for Mentuhotpe II.
Wahibreemakhet at Giza
Authors: Leahy Lisa Montagno
Published: January 2018

The British Museum relief fragments BM 537-46, bearing Book of the Dead passages with appropriate vignettes, are discussed in the light of their past history and possible original context. Any link with ‘Campbell's Tomb’ (LG 84) at Giza is refuted; this probably dates to late Dynasty Twenty-six, while the British Museum blocks seem to come from the reign of Psammetichus I.
The Circumstantial S

D

M(.F)/S

D

M. N(.F) as Verbal Verb-Forms in Middle Egyptian
Authors: Collier Mark
Published: January 2018

The current widely-accepted view of the suffix conjugation is that developed by Polotsky, according to which verb-forms are seen as transpositions of the verb, behaving as the substitutional equivalents of the non-verbal parts of speech (noun, adjective, or adverb). However, it is argued that the circumstantial sdm(.f)/sdm. n(.f) after mk and ist do not submit to a substitutional analysis as adverbial forms. In this construction, the circumstantial sdm(.f)/sdm.n(.f) (with the bare sentence with adverbial predicate and the bare pseudo-verbal construction) belong substitutionally with initial main clause formations, which are unconverted/non-transposed patterns, and contrast with genuinely converted/transposed (true subordinate) clause formations, which cannot occur after mk and ist. This suggests that the circumstantial sdm(.f)/ sdm.n(.f) should be analysed as unconverted/non-transposed forms: i.e. as the Middle Egyptian verbal sdm(.f)/sdm.n(.f). This analysis is shown to account for the well known ‘adverbial’ properties of these forms without invoking adverbial substitution.
Syntax, Semantics, and Physics: The Shipwrecked Sailor's Fire
Authors: Berg David
Published: January 2018

A discussion of Shipwrecked Sailor lines 54-6 dealing especially with the translation of the verbs šdi and sḫpr.
Kerem in the Fitzwilliam Museum
Authors: Quirke Stephen
Published: January 2018

Publication of a dyad in the Fitzwilliam Museum (E. 21.1887), representing Kerem, also called Geregwaset, and his wife Abykhy (?). Their names may indicate a Semitic origin, but their five children, shown in relief on the sides and front of the statue, all have good Egyptian names. The piece probably dates to a point late in the joint reign of Hatshepsut and Tuthmosis III. Although Kerem's title, ‘doorkeeper of Hathor of Henketankh’, implies an association with the mortuary temple of Tuthmosis III, it is suggested that the statue may rather come from the ‘chapel of Wadjmose’, which seems to have housed a number of early Eighteenth Dynasty royal cults.
Deux Compagnons De Métier Sur Une Stèle Inèdite
Authors: El-Banna Essam
Published: January 2018

Publication of a funerary stela datable to the second half of the Eighteenth Dynasty, found at Heliopolis in 1967 and now in a magazine at Giza. Two couples are represented in separate registers, receiving offerings. No relationship between them is specified, but both men (named Šry and Tti respectively) worked in the temple of Re, and this probably explains their joint commemoration on the same stela.
P.Lond.Inv.3078 Reappraised
Authors: Montserrat Dominic
Published: January 2018

It is suggested that P.Lond.Inv.3078, line 2, should be restored as a reference to a Θɛραπɛντηρια, a festival for girls, rather than to a Mɛλλoχoνρια, as suggested by Skeat, JEA 61 (1975), 251–4.
A portrait of an early Ptolemy
Authors: Bailey Donald M. , Craddock Paul T.
Published: January 2018

Publication of a bronze bust acquired by the British Museüm in 1772, which is identified as a Ptolemy of the third century bc, perhaps Ptolemy IV Philopator.
Squeezes in Grantham Museum made by Alice Lieder in 1851–2
Authors: Magee D. N. E. , Malek J.
Published: January 2018

Brief description of a collection of squeezes made at a dozen different sites in Egypt and Nubia. These are among the earliest preserved in the United Kingdom. Of particular interest is one of an Eleventh Dynasty stela of a Nfr-ḥr (illustrated).
Neighborhood grid clustering and its application in fault diagnosis of satellite power system
Authors: Suo Mingliang , Zhu Baolong , Zhou Ding , An Ruoming , Li Shunli
Published: January 2018

Data-driven fault diagnosis, known to be simple and convenient, is more suitable for diagnosing the complicated spacecraft systems, e.g. the satellite power system. Nevertheless, it is difficult to extract the rules for diagnosing from unlabeled data. In this paper, a clustering approach based on neighborhood relationship and spatial grid partition is proposed to compensate for the above deficiency. In order to deal with the data-driven fault diagnosis issue, a diagnostic strategy is designed, which is a combination of the proposed clustering method and the entropy weight. Finally, multiple experiments, consisting of the artificial data clustering, comparison experiments on satellite data mining, and a case of fault diagnosis on satellite power system, are carried out to illustrate the versatility and superiority of the proposed method.
Novel Fusion Protein Targeting Mitochondrial DNA Improves Pancreatic Islet Functional Potency and Islet Transplantation Outcomes
Authors: Danobeitia Juan S. , Chlebeck Peter J. , Shokolenko Inna , Ma Xiaobo , Wilson Glenn , Fernandez Luis A.
Published: January 2018

Long-term graft survival is an ongoing challenge in the field of islet transplantation. With the growing demand for transplantable organs, therapies to improve organ quality and reduce the incidence of graft dysfunction are of paramount importance. We evaluated the protective role of a recombinant DNA repair protein targeted to mitochondria (Exscien I-III), as a therapeutic agent using a rodent model of pancreatic islet transplantation. We first investigated the effect of therapy on isolated rat islets cultured with pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 β, interferon γ, and tumor necrosis factor α) for 48 h and documented a significant reduction in apoptosis by flow cytometry, improved viability by immunofluorescence, and conserved functional potency in vitro and in vivo in Exscien I-III-treated islets. We then tested the effect of therapy in systemic inflammation using a rat model of donor brain death (BD) sustained for a 6-h period. Donor rats were allocated to 4 groups: (non-BD + vehicle, non-BD + Exscien I-III, BD + vehicle, and BD + Exscien I-III) and treated with Exscien I-III (4 mg/kg) or vehicle 30 min after BD induction. Sham (non-BD)-operated animals receiving either Exscien I-III or vehicle served as controls. Islets purified from BD + Exscien I-III-treated donors showed a significant increase in glucose-stimulated insulin release in vitro when compared to islets from vehicle-treated counterparts. In addition, donor treatment with Exscien I-III attenuated the effects of BD and significantly improved the functional potency of transplanted islets in vivo. Our data indicate that mitochondrially targeted antioxidant therapy is a novel strategy to protect pancreas and islet quality from the deleterious effects of cytokines in culture and during the inflammatory response associated with donation after BD. The potential for rapid translation into clinical practice makes Exscien I-III an attractive therapeutic option for the management of brain-dead donors or as an additive to islets in culture after isolation setting.
Radical Grace: Hymning of ‘Womanhood’ in Therigatha
Authors: Chakraborty Kaustav
Published: January 2018

Focusing primarily on Therigatha,1 the poems by the first Buddhist women, and correlating them with the compositions of non-Buddhist women mystics like Meerabai, Lal Ded, Muktabai, Janabai and Akka Mahadevi, this article is a study of spirituality, femininity and poetic expressions in a comparative mode. The article aims to address two major issues: First, it attempts to understand how the women mystics asserted their authority as the conveyers of divine message in a society which was essentially patriarchal and suspicious about the credentials of feminine utterances. Second, the article seeks to delineate a certain womanizing of saintliness through the invoking of domesticity (role as wife and mother) and the use of metaphors related to the female body and desire by these select women mystics as the denouement of a radical stance of an ascetic ‘feminine spirituality’, aimed at discovering transcendence even by retaining the conscious deploying of the components, often viewed as mundane.
Signalling Service Quality through Price and Certifications
Authors: Chatterjee Swagato
Published: January 2018

Signalling quality in the service domain and finding optimal strategies for the same have not been explored well in marketing literature. The study proposes a price–certification combination strategy to signal the service quality when the quality level remains unobserved by the consumers. Theoretical modelling has been done in a duopoly setting to determine the possible separating and pooling equilibriums when there is a possible long-term effect of low-quality belief. The separating equilibrium shows that the low-quality firm will not opt for certification and its price will depend on its quality distance from and the price of the high-quality firm. The high-quality firm’s certification costs will also depend on the quality distance of the two firms, its price level and the possible future effects of not participating in the certification programme. The range of possible certification costs of the high-quality firm increases as the future loss of not being certified increases. Moreover, as the quality difference between the firms increases, the high-quality firm can reduce its certification costs and after some level can actually signal only by its high price without any certification. The polling equilibrium of the analysis shows a Bertrand equilibrium, where both the firms set their price and certification costs to zero. The implications and future research directions are suggested in the article.
The Palk Bay Fishing Dispute Revisited
Authors: Stirrat R.L.
Published: January 2018

This article takes issue with approaches to the dispute between Sri Lanka and India over fishing rights in the Palk Bay which couch the issues in terms of ‘legal pluralism’. It argues that in this context the concept of legal pluralism as dangerously anodyne, effectively marginalising issues of power. In this and in the wider context of South Indian fisheries legal pluralism presents specific narrow claims as if they were wider systems, and falsely reifies ‘tradition’ and ‘custom’. More generally, this article suggests that the focus on ‘fishing’ is misleading in two related senses. First, it equates two rather different forms of activity – small scale artisanal fishing where the owner and the operator are usually the same person, and capital-intensive trawler fishing where there is a distinction between the owner and the workers. Second, it falsely isolates fishing per se from other forms of economic life and fails to understand that the drivers which determine the ways in which maritime resources are exploited must be understood within that wider political economy.
Accuracy of Appraisers and Appraisal Methods of Closely Held Companies
Authors: Harper Charles P. , Rose Lawrence C.
Published: January 2018

Valuation experts often use different methodologies when estimating the value of a closely held company. This paper analyzes the general valuation methodologies and the specific factors used by appraisers. The data set consists of actual appraisals, financial data, and the sale prices for 258 companies. Results Indicate that valuation estimates are sensitive to both the methodology used and the background of the appraiser making the valuation.
Cooperative Alliances and Competitive Strategies in Small Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Golden Peggy A. , Dollinger Marc
Published: January 2018

This study extends existing work in the area of interorganizational relationships by exploring the interaction between the strategic posture of small firms and their propensity to form cooperative linkages. The most critical finding is that most small firms do use cooperative strategies, and that these strategies are used differentially by different strategic types. However, it is unclear whether there is a direct relationship between the competitive postures, interorganizational strategies, and small firm performance.
International Entrepreneurship: The State of the Field
Authors: Giamartino Gary A. , McDougall Patricia P. , Bird Barbara J.
Published: January 2018

Editor's Note:

Periodically, it is helpful to take the pulse of our colleagues and determine what is actually being studied and taught. In 1990, the Academy of Management In the United States formed task forces and charged them with surveying Academy members regarding the Internationalization of various management disciplines. The following article reports the results of the survey of Entrepreneurship Division members of the Academy.
A Proposed Research Model of Entrepreneurial Motivation
Authors: Naffziger Douglas W. , Hornsby Jeffrey S. , Kuratko Donald F.
Published: January 2018

Drawing on the literature involving the venture start-up process, integrated with motivational theory from the field of organizational behavior, a model describing the factors that affect firm start-up, strategic implementation, and the entrepreneur's decision to sustain entrepreneurship is proposed. Several hypotheses for future research are suggested.
Toward Entrepreneurial Organizations: Meeting Ambiguity with Engagement
Authors: Jelinek Mariann , Litterer Joseph A.
Published: January 2018

Entrepreneurial activities fit poorly with traditional organizational approaches–-the rules, procedures and structure to delimit members’ response that seek to constrain behavior to a predetermined program. Nevertheless, in response to increasing competition, organizations have emerged to support broad entrepreneurial activity. Three interrelated elements appear necessary to support organizational entrepreneurship: pervasive sharing of managerial tasks and responsibilities, mindful alertness to anomalies, and ambiguity absorption by means of mutual support and information sharing. These elements render organizations more flexible, but also increase ambiguity, requiring further action incompatible with traditional organizational approaches.

Entrepreneurship is not only inconsistent with traditional organizations, but with traditional organization theory. To effectively analyze entrepreneurial organizations requires a shift from the static, deterministic paradigm of traditional organization and theory to a cognitive paradigm which focuses on individual sensemaking and collective decision processes, and on the organizational context that shapes and influences them. This article outlines basic elements of an emerging cognitive paradigm to describe organizational entrepreneurship in theoretical and pragmatic terms, contrasting with traditional theory and practice. Benefits and hazards of entrepreneurial approaches are discussed. The Implications for research and management practice are also suggested.
Using Field Research on Firm-Level Entrepreneurship: A Coda
Authors: Stewart Alex , Learned Kevin E , Mandel Stanley W. , Peterson Kristin M.
Published: January 2018

Contemporary field studies could avoid the fate of their post-World War II predecessors (the first article In this issue), by being used as a basis for knowledge cumulation. This could be achieved by using published field studies for coding and statistical analysis, or by using other researchers’ data for indexing and ethnographic analysis. Coding and Indexing should distinguish classical from radial categories, to improve conceptual clarity about “entrepreneurship.”
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain From the Perspective of Turkish Patients: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Gok Metin Zehra , Arslan Ismail Emre
Published: January 2018

Introduction: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) affects almost 30% to 50% of patients with diabetes, 40% to 60% of whom suffer from diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP). Few studies have focused on individual experiences of DPNP in patients with diabetes. The purpose of this qualitative study was to elucidate the effects of DPNP on daily life and individual feelings regarding living with DPNP from the perspective of Turkish patients. Method: A total of 14 patients were interviewed, and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to identify themes. Results: Findings indicated four main themes, including (a) physical limitations, (b) difficulties with daily routines, (c) social limitations, and (d) psychological impacts such as emotional changes, and being a burden on family. Conclusion: This study revealed that the majority of patients carry significant concerns about becoming a burden on their family and are afraid of becoming dependent on others because of DPNP. Implication for Practice: For the effective management of DPNP, health professionals need to consider using a holistic approach to address difficulties in daily living such as physical limitations and sexual problems.
What is the meaning of filial piety for people with dementia and their family caregivers in China under the current social transitions? An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiubin , Clarke Charlotte L. , Rhynas Sarah J.
Published: January 2018

The filial piety model of family centred care has dominated Chinese society for thousands of years. The ways in which filial piety is presented are being modified and modernised as China undergoes social transitions. The study aims to understand the meaning of filial piety for people with dementia and family caregivers. Semi-structured interviews with people with dementia ( n = 10) and family caregivers ( n = 14) were conducted. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three themes emerged: (a) ‘Being filial is a cultural continuity and my future investment’. (b) ‘The changed perception and ways of being filial’. (c) ‘Filial responsibility is a social and cultural convention, but not my personal choice’. This study highlights the importance of cultural values in family care decision making and in shaping filial responsibilities. It indicates that filial obligation can be maintained through social support, even though the nature of filial piety has been changed by social transitions.
Political participation as self-cultivation: Towards a participatory theory of Confucian democracy
Authors: Ying Jingcai
Published: January 2018

Challenging the popular perception that Confucianism provides mostly a moral defense of political hierarchy, this article demonstrates that Confucianism is more than compatible with democracy and fundamentally contradicts political hierarchy, be it autocracy or meritocracy. Drawing on Zhu Xi (1130–1200 CE), the spokesperson for the state orthodoxy in late imperial China and one of the towering figures in the Confucian tradition, I argue that to realize the Confucian self-cultivation program for all requires popular participation in politics beyond casting ballots. My argument builds on Zhu Xi’s moral egalitarianism that all human beings can pursue sagehood by self-cultivation and should be given the equal opportunity to do so. Since Zhu Xi’s self-cultivation program requires acquiring and perfecting political knowledge in political practice, to realize his moral egalitarianism requires political equality for all. As such, my participatory theory of Confucian democracy exhorts all people to engage in self-governance and daily administration of the state more proactively. Thus, it enriches the prevalent liberal theory of Confucian democracy that focuses on political representation but not on popular participation in politics.
A Novel Rubric to Evaluate Wearable Cameras for Assessment of Interrater Reliability
Authors: Jozkowski Amanda C. , Presgraves Echo A. , Hodges Krista L. , Wirth Erica N. , Brandstetter Nicole E. , Thayer Molly T.
Published: January 2018

Research has reported on traditional methods of assessing interrater reliability but, currently, no such standard protocol exists for selection of alternative methods of assessing interrater reliability, such as wearable video cameras. The professions of occupational therapy and occupational science take a unique ecological perspective when evaluating individuals, which focuses on the naturalistic perspective of an individual, ideally resulting in optimal performance. Given current advancements in technology, wearable, low-cost, unobtrusive, first-person view digital video cameras are readily available for use in research. The researchers generated an original rubric for critiquing cameras, then trialed four cameras for use in a future interrater reliability study. This standardized protocol fills a gap in the field and can be used by future researchers searching for a standardized method of camera selection.
Effect of a group medical clinic for veterans with diabetes on body mass index
Authors: Eisenberg Adva , Crowley Matthew J , Coffman Cynthia , Edelman David
Published: January 2018

Objective

To assess the impact of a group medical clinic designed for patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension on body mass index.

Methods

Using data from a randomized trial of 239 veterans with type 2 diabetes mellitus, we performed a secondary analysis using analysis of covariance mixed models to explore the effect of a 12-month group medical clinic intervention on change in body mass index vs. usual care. In an exploratory subgroup analysis, we compared change in body mass index between treatment arms stratified by whether patients had >0.5% reduction in hemoglobin A1c at 12 months.

Results

Baseline body mass index was 33.5 kg/m2. At 12 months, there was no significant difference in change in body mass index between treatment arms (estimate=−0.02, 95% CI −0.51 to 5.05; P = 0.94); body mass index increased by approximately 0.20 points in both groups. There was also no significant difference in change in body mass index between treatment arms by whether or not patients had >0.5% reduction in hemoglobin A1c (estimate=−0.14, 95% CI −1.21 to −0.92; P = 0.79).

Discussion

Improved glycemic control was not associated with improved body mass index in the group medical clinic intervention. Given their positive effects on other outcomes, group medical clinics for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may be more beneficial if focus is shifted towards weight loss.
Online remaining useful life prognostics using an integrated particle filter
Authors: Hu Yawei , Liu Shujie , Lu Huitian , Zhang Hongchao
Published: January 2018

The lifetime evolution of mechanical equipment with complicated structure and the harsh operating environment cannot be accurately expressed due to the dynamics of the failure mechanism. However, the performance monitoring of equipment, with the information characterizing the failure process from the sensed data, can be used to assess the failure time and then the online remaining useful life. Because of the existence of nonlinearity and non-Gaussian for most real systems, for online assessment, unscented Kalman filter combined with particle filter is studied, instead of the standard particle filter with importance sampling, which is modified to update the states iteratively. Meanwhile, Markov chain Monte Carlo is performed after resampling to improve the prediction accuracy. In the modeling, state–space model is developed to quantify the relationship between the information from online observation and underlying degradation, and the unscented particle filter is investigated to realize the assessment of remaining useful life. In particular, the sufficient statistic method is presented to obtain a joint recursive estimation on both the system state and model parameters for those state–space model with unknown time-invariant ones. At the end of this article, the acoustic emission signals of a milling cutter are illustrated as a case study for cutter online remaining useful life estimate. The milling cutter example demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method for online estimate and provides useful insights regarding the necessity of online updating and the assessment.
Modeling Sluggishness in Binaural Unmasking of Speech for Maskers With Time-Varying Interaural Phase Differences
Authors: Hauth Christopher F. , Brand Thomas
Published: January 2018

In studies investigating binaural processing in human listeners, relatively long and task-dependent time constants of a binaural window ranging from 10 ms to 250 ms have been observed. Such time constants are often thought to reflect “binaural sluggishness.” In this study, the effect of binaural sluggishness on binaural unmasking of speech in stationary speech-shaped noise is investigated in 10 listeners with normal hearing. In order to design a masking signal with temporally varying binaural cues, the interaural phase difference of the noise was modulated sinusoidally with frequencies ranging from 0.25 Hz to 64 Hz. The lowest, that is the best, speech reception thresholds (SRTs) were observed for the lowest modulation frequency. SRTs increased with increasing modulation frequency up to 4 Hz. For higher modulation frequencies, SRTs remained constant in the range of 1 dB to 1.5 dB below the SRT determined in the diotic situation. The outcome of the experiment was simulated using a short-term binaural speech intelligibility model, which combines an equalization–cancellation (EC) model with the speech intelligibility index. This model segments the incoming signal into 23.2-ms time frames in order to predict release from masking in modulated noises. In order to predict the results from this study, the model required a further time constant applied to the EC mechanism representing binaural sluggishness. The best agreement with perceptual data was achieved using a temporal window of 200 ms in the EC mechanism.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Associated With Chlordiazepoxide
Authors: Jawaro Tara , Kumar Ayan , Pistun Oleksandr , Dixit Deepali
Published: January 2018

Objective: To report a case of chlordiazepoxide-associated Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). Case Summary: This case provides insight into a serious adverse drug reaction secondary to a drug not commonly associated with SJS. A 29-year-old female presented with a 4-day history of rash and pruritus. The rash started on her arms and spread all over her body. The patient was started on chlordiazepoxide 3½ weeks ago. On examination, there were multiple, raised, round erythematous lesions in various stages of healing. Skin erosions were noted on her lips and buccal mucosa. However, the rash did not involve the conjunctiva, inner ears, or genitalia. The patient was discharged home with a follow-up appointment with dermatology and instructions to discontinue chlordiazepoxide. Two days after her initial presentation, the patient’s rash spread to her eyes and genitalia. A painful, white film developed on her tongue, and she was unable to tolerate oral intake. She was emergently sent back to hospital and transferred to a Burn Unit. The biopsy report revealed full-thickness necrotizing keratinocytes in the epidermis consistent with SJS. Discussion: To our knowledge, there is only one other case report of chlordiazepoxide-associated SJS. Chlordiazepoxide is thought to be the cause of this patient’s biopsy-confirmed SJS and overall presentation. SJS is a rare but serious condition that is usually a result of drug exposure. Conclusions: The close temporal relationship between chlordiazepoxide initiation and onset of SJS provides a convincing theory as to the etiology of SJS in our patient.
PAR1 biased signaling is required for activated protein C in vivo benefits in sepsis and stroke
Authors: Sinha Ranjeet K. , Wang Yaoming , Zhao Zhen , Xu Xiao , Burnier Laurent , Gupta Naveen , Fernández José A. , Martin Greg , Kupriyanov Sergey , Mosnier Laurent O. , Zlokovic Berislav V. , Griffin John H.
Published: January 2018

Key Points

R41Q and R46Q point mutations in PAR1 in mice enabled studies of APC’s in vivo mechanism of action in lethal sepsis and ischemic stroke. APC-biased, PAR1-dependent signaling due to cleavage at R46 in PAR1 is required for APC’s in vivo benefits in sepsis and ischemic stroke.
Hydraulic fracture-height containment by permeable weak bedding interfaces
Authors: Weng Xiaowei , Chuprakov Dimitry , Kresse Olga , Prioul Romain , Wang Haotian
Published: January 2018

In laminated formations, the vertical height growth of a hydraulic fracture can be strongly influenced by the interaction of the fracture tip with the bedding interfaces it crosses. A weak interface may fail in shear and then slip, depending on the strength and frictional properties, the effective vertical stress at the interface, and the net pressure. Shear failure and slippage at the interface can retard the height growth or even stop it completely. A 2D analytical model called the FracT model has been developed that examines the shear slippage along the bedding interface adjacent to the fracture tip and the resulting blunting of the fracture tip at the interface, as well as the stress condition on the face opposite from the hydraulic fracture tip for possible fracture nucleation that leads to fracture crossing. The growth of the shear slippage along the interface with time is coupled with the fluid flow into the permeable interface. A parametric study has been carried out to investigate the key formation parameters that influence the crossing/arrest of the fracture at the bedding interface and the shear slippage and depth of fluid penetration into the interface. The study suggests that the interfacial coefficient of friction and the ratio of the vertical to minimum horizontal stress are two of the most influential parameters governing fracture arrest by a weak interface. For the fracture tip to be arrested at the interface, the vertical stress acting on the interface must be close to the minimum horizontal stress or the interfacial coefficient of friction must be very small. The FracT model has also been integrated into a pseudo-3D-based complex hydraulic fracture model. This quantitative mechanistic model that incorporates a bedding-plane slip-driven mechanism is a necessary step to understand and bridge the characterization (sonic) and monitoring (microseismic) observations.
Violence by Psychiatric In-patients
Authors: Noble Peter , Rodger Sheila
Published: January 2018

A register of violent incidents showed a progressive increase in in-patient violence from 1976 to 1984, followed by a slight decline to 1987. The case notes of all 137 in-patients committing assaults during 1982 were analysed and compared with those of matched controls. Violence was often repetitive. The most common victims were nurses and then patients. The violent patients were more likely to be schizophrenic, deluded and hallucinated, and to have been repeatedly admitted. The violent and control groups had similar backgrounds, and both showed high levels of social isolation and unemployment. Violence tended to be repetitive, and the violent patients were usually identifiable from previous aggressive and disturbed behaviour. There was a high proportion of Afro-Caribbean patients who tended to be younger, more psychotic, and more seriously violent. Afro-Caribbeans were particularly likely to be detained compulsorily and treated in a locked ward.
Operating in the Theatre of the Mind Therapy Both Tender and Bold
Authors: Powell Andrew
Published: January 2018

Psychodrama-Inspiration and Technique, edited by Paul Holmes and Marcia Karp, is published by Routledge, London (£14.99 (pb), £35.00 (hb), 253 pp., 1991). Paul Holmes is a child and adolescent psychiatrist, formerly consultant at St George's Hospital, London, and now based in Mexico. He is a member of the London Centre for Psychotherapy and was the first chairman of the British Psychodrama Association. Marcia Karp trained in psychodrama in the USA under its founder, Dr J. L. Moreno. Since moving to England, where she established the Holwell Centre for Psychodrama Training, she has been instrumental in setting up training schemes throughout Europe.
Mythophilia
Authors: Redfeam Joseph
Published: January 2018

C. J. Jung and the Humanities: Toward a Hermeneutics of Culture (Routledge, London, £25, 372 pp., 1990) is edited by Karin Barnaby and Pellegrino D'Aciernio. The book is a selection of essays and discussions from a conference in 1986 jointly sponsored by Hofstra University and the C. G. Jung Foundation of New York. Karin Barnaby has taught comparative literature at Hofstra University and is now at New York University, She has published an article on Schiller and Jung and is associate editor of Quadrant. Pellegrino D'Acierno is Associate Professor of Comparative Literature and Director of Italian studies at Hofstra University. He is the author or translator of several books on comparative literature.
On Becoming a Person: A3 Therapist's View of Psychotherapy: Carl Ransom Rogers
Authors: Cramer Duncan
Published: January 2018

Carl Rogers, who died in California in 1987 at the age of 85, was ranked in a late-1970s survey of American clinical psychologists and counsellors as being the psychotherapist who most influenced them, surpassing such stalwarts as Sigmund Freud and Joseph Wolpe. This book was the fourth one that he published and is reputedly the most renowned. In the UK it is his best-selling book, being reprinted on average every 18 months and having sold about 4000 copies in the last two years.
Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Tallis Frank
Published: January 2018

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) has recently undergone a dramatic change in status. Once regarded as a rare example of the neuroses, it now occupies a central position in contemporary psychiatry. The reasons for this renaissance in interest are relatively easy to describe. Firstly, results from the National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiological Catchment Area (ECA) survey indicated that the lifetime prevalence of OCD was 2.5% (1 in 40 people) and the 6-month point prevalence was 1.5%, making it the fourth most common psychiatric disorder in the US (Myers et al, 1984; Robins et al, 1984; Karno et al, 1988). If these figures are applicable to the UK, there may be up to 1 million sufferers. Secondly, the therapeutic efficacy of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and consistent findings from a number of neuroimaging investigations have stimulated interest in understanding the biological substrates of OCD. Finally, the traditional behavioural account of OCD has been elaborated, with greater emphasis given to cognition and cognitive processes; this revised anatomy of obsessions has, predictably, stimulated the development of specific cognitive therapy strategies.
Sociobiology, the New Synthesis: Edward O. Wilson
Authors: Hare Edward
Published: January 2018

Sociobiology was published in 1975. Four years earlier its author had published “an enormous and definitive book” on social insects, a work which established him as the world authority on that subject. In Sociobiology, Wilson set out to apply evolutionary theory to social behaviour not only in insects but throughout the animal kingdom. As a biologist he naturally included man among the animals, but it was this which caused the uproar. Had he omitted his last 33 pages-the chapter on “Man: from sociobiology to sociology” - his book would probably have led a quiet life as a well-written semipopular textbook on social animals.
Commentary: Questionable validity of ‘dissociative amnesia’ in trauma victims
Authors: Brewin Chris R.
Published: January 2018

The article by Pope et al is a good illustration of why the literature on trauma and forgetting contains so many pitfalls for the unwary reader, and of how different commentators can come to radically different conclusions. As I have argued elsewhere (Brewin, 1996; Brewin & Andrews, 1997), many of the problems arise from questionable assumptions about the phenomena being studied and about what is good science. A different set of assumptions would, I believe, have led to fairer conclusions about the evidence on trauma and memory.
Role of Bone-Modifying Agents in Multiple Myeloma: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update
Authors: Anderson Kenneth , Ismaila Nofisat , Flynn Patrick J. , Halabi Susan , Jagannath Sundar , Ogaily Mohammed S. , Omel Jim , Raje Noopur , Roodman G. David , Yee Gary C. , Kyle Robert A.
Published: January 2018

Purpose

To update guideline recommendations on the role of bone-modifying agents in multiple myeloma.

Methods

An update panel conducted a targeted systematic literature review by searching PubMed and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical practice guidelines, and observational studies.

Results

Thirty-five relevant studies were identified, and updated evidence supports the current recommendations.

Recommendations

For patients with active symptomatic multiple myeloma that requires systemic therapy with or without evidence of lytic destruction of bone or compression fracture of the spine from osteopenia on plain radiograph(s) or other imaging studies, intravenous administration of pamidronate 90 mg over at least 2 hours or zoledronic acid 4 mg over at least 15 minutes every 3 to 4 weeks is recommended. Denosumab has shown to be noninferior to zoledronic acid for the prevention of skeletal-related events and provides an alternative. Fewer adverse events related to renal toxicity have been noted with denosumab compared with zoledronic acid and may be preferred in this setting. The update panel recommends that clinicians consider reducing the initial pamidronate dose in patients with preexisting renal impairment. Zoledronic acid has not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment and is not recommended in this setting. The update panel suggests that bone-modifying treatment continue for up to 2 years. Less frequent dosing has been evaluated and should be considered in patients with responsive or stable disease. Continuous use is at the discretion of the treating physician and the risk of ongoing skeletal morbidity. Retreatment should be initiated at the time of disease relapse. The update panel discusses measures regarding osteonecrosis of the jaw. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/hematologic-malignancies-guidelines and www.asco.org/guidelineswiki .