bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MATHEMATICAL AND STATISTICAL ASPECTS OF ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF UKRAINE’S WAGE INDICATORS
Authors: Plaskon Svitlana , Seniv Halina , Ruska Ruslana , Novosad Ivan
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The article examines the trends in the levels of average wages, minimum wages and subsistence minimum, which are extremely important for the analysis of wealth and well-being of the population of Ukraine. The time trends of these indicators are constructed and the regularities of their change during 1996-2020 are established. The Keitz index is calculated and investigated. The dependences of the average wage, the minimum wage and the subsistence level on the gross domestic product are analyzed and established. The values of the values of the mutual correlation function are investigated.
Purpose. The purpose of this article is a mathematical and statistical analysis of the dynamics of wages and living wage in Ukraine and the factors influencing them. The task is to study the impact of gross domestic product on the average wage, minimum wage, subsistence level and establish a causal relationship between them using mathematical, statistical and econometric models in order to further predict them and make recommendations on social indicators of living standards.
Method. The article uses mathematical and statistical methods and regression-correlation analysis as the main methods of scientific research; time series theory; methods of mathematical modeling.
Results. Analyzing the statistical data of indicators of average wages, minimum wages, subsistence level and gross domestic product in Ukraine for 1996-2020, their dynamics is studied. Trend models of wage levels and subsistence level have been built. The general tendency of their growth is noted. Emphasis is placed on the need to use mathematical modeling to study socio-economic indicators of living standards. The Keitz index, which reflects the fight against poverty, is calculated and analyzed. It is noted that during 1996-2009 the subsistence level exceeded the minimum wage. In 2010-2011, the values of the minimum wage slightly exceeded the subsistence level; and in subsequent years, small amounts were observed, until 2017 the minimum wage was not doubled. This positive trend has also been observed in recent years. Econometric models of dependence of average and minimum wage on gross domestic product are presented. The correlation-regression dependence of the subsistence minimum on the gross domestic product is constructed. It is shown that the growth of gross domestic product is accompanied by an increase in social indicators of living standards of the population of Ukraine. The values of the values of the mutual correlation function between the gross domestic product and the levels of wages and subsistence, respectively, are calculated and investigated.
ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE
Authors: Sobko Olha , Krysovatyy Ihor
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The phenomenon of innovative entrepreneurship as a promising vector of transformation of modern economic systems is studied. The strengthening of the influence of intellectual potential on the development of innovative entrepreneurship is proved. The comparative analysis of dynamics of a condition of development of intellectual potential of Ukraine and the highly developed countries of the world is carried out. Reserves have been established to improve the formation of intellectual potential within the framework of strengthening its positive impact on the development of innovative entrepreneurship in the country.
The subject of the study is to assess the impact of intellectual potential on the development of innovative entrepreneurship in Ukraine.
The purpose of the study is to analyze trends in innovative entrepreneurship in Ukraine, assess the impact of intellectual potential and identify reserves for its improvement to revive existential processes in today's challenges.
Method (methodology). In the process of research for the validity of the provisions presented in the article, a set of general scientific and special methods was used, in particular: historical and logical - in the study of theoretical foundations and evolution of innovation theory and the phenomenon of entrepreneurship; analysis and synthesis - to compare the main approaches to the interpretation of concepts and methods of assessing intellectual potential; comparison and grouping - to systematize the indicators used to assess the intellectual potential and innovative entrepreneurship; graphic method - for visual presentation of the results of analytical research; abstract-logical - for theoretical generalization and formulation of conclusions.
Results. Bottlenecks in the formation of intellectual potential as a catalyst for the development of innovative entrepreneurship in the country. The concept of innovative entrepreneurship as an innovation-oriented independent activity of business entities (entrepreneurs), aimed at creating a value-filled product (service) and provides profit and socio-environmental effects. Forecast models of changes in the science intensity of Ukraine's GDP, the share of industrial enterprises engaged in innovation and the share of industrial innovation-active enterprises have been built. The expediency of stimulating the development of innovative entrepreneurship both among legal entities and individual entrepreneurs is substantiated. A number of limiting factors have been identified that amplify the decline in innovation activity in the Ukrainian business sector.
Scope of results. Dissemination of practical approaches of legal entities and entrepreneurs to improve the formation of intellectual potential, will intensify the development of innovative entrepreneurship, which will positively affect the strengthening of their competitiveness.
FORMATION OF MARKETING COMMUNICATIVE POLICY OF TOURIST ENTERPRISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Baran Rostyslav
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The development of modern information technologies of communication significantly influence the formation of approaches to the implementation of marketing communication policy of tourism enterprises. The intensification of quarantine measures in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the process of digitization of marketing communications, and thus accumulated the process of transformation of traditional marketing communications channels.
Purpose. Conceptual understanding of the components of marketing communication policy of tourism enterprises in the system of digital communication, definition of successive stages of its formation and specification of the main directions and tasks of its implementation.
Method (methodology). The theoretical and scientific-methodological basis of the study were the provisions of the concept of digital and information economy. In the course of research such methods and approaches as logical generalization and synthesis are used for formation of the basic conclusions and offers of research; graphic – visualization of the results of identification of the main directions and tasks of formation of marketing communicative policy of tourist enterprises in the conditions of development of digital transformations.
Results. In the article it is defined the elements of the system of formation of marketing communication policy of tourism enterprises. Among them are the elements of communication policy, communication subjects, data distribution channels, elements of information and communication system, mechanism of information and communication policy management of tourist enterprises. The sequence of marketing communication policy of tourism enterprises in the system of digital communication involves stages: planning to address the audience; control of the processes of bringing information (adjusting the appeal if necessary) to the target audience; receiving feedback from the audience, data processing, development and decision-making; analysis of penetration depth and communication efficiency; differentiation of communication functions for the most qualitative influence on consumer behavior; management of interactive marketing in the system of communications with government agencies, the public sector and the business audience. The directions and tasks of formation and realization of the Internet marketing communicative policy of the enterprises of tourism in the context of key subjects of digital interaction are formed.
STAGES OF STRATEGIC PLANNING OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Lytovchenko Olena , Illiashenko Olena , Gordiyenko Natalya
Published: November 2021

The article considers the issues of determining the essence and stages of strategic planning of economic security of the enterprise, which is due to the need to establish its content and sequence of work on preventive measures against internal and external threats. The research methodology includes methods of analysis and synthesis – to study the essence of economic security of the enterprise, abstract-logical method – to establish the stages of strategic planning of economic security, tabular method – to visualize the material. It is determined that the lack of strategic planning leads to low efficiency of resource use of the business entity and the crisis, as well as to the loss of development opportunities. This has a direct negative impact on the positioning of the enterprise in the market, calls into question its existence in any long-term perspective. It is established that anticipation of crisis phenomena and preventive work on the development of mechanisms to counter them should be an integral part of the strategy of economic security management of economic entities. The generalization of approaches to defining the essence of economic security of the enterprise allowed us to establish that it combines the interrelated problems of preserving resources from negative factors and achieving success through stable operation and development. As a result, we propose our own definition, which corresponds to the resource-functional approach and takes into account the relationship between the achievement of strategic economic interests of the enterprise, the need for preventive action to prevent negative factors and ensure sustainable development of the entity. The existing scientific approaches are studied and our own idea of the sequence and content of the stages of strategic planning of economic security is presented, which is due to the logic of organizing work to determine strategic guidelines and economic interests of the enterprise, identification and neutralization of threats, implementation of plans and programs and monitoring their implementation and taking into account the possibility of feedback.
Implementasi Keamanan Jaringan Menggunakan Metode Port Blocking dan Port Knocking Pada Mikrotik RB-941
Authors: Rizal Randi , Ruuhwan Ruuhwan , Nugraha Kelvin Ajie
Published: November 2021

An important aspect of a network security system is maintaining data integrity and ensuring that it can be used by users safely. All types of attacks and countermeasures against network discovery attempts by unauthorized parties must be able to overcome efforts to protect network security systems. Firewall systems are used to solve this problem, but software-level attack errors cannot be protected by firewall systems. In this study, the implementation of port knocking and port blocking methods in the network was successfully carried out for data privacy issues. The port blocking method on the Mikrotik router permanently blocks the www port and the Winbox port using the services provided by the Mikrotik router. The port knocking method is more effective because it has rules for being able to enter the proxy server and access it remotely on the local network. The port knocking network implementation experiment applied to the Mikrotik router has enforced the winbox port, and www with 1-2-3 authentication flows with each authentication has a predetermined timeout time.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Honor Mengajar Guru Di Sma Al Maâ€™soem
Authors: Nugraha Muhamad Fahmi , Lestari Indah Mardiyah
Published: November 2021

The payroll system is a function of human resource management. Its main role is to reward teachers in the form of salaries in exchange for contributions to schools and their performance.The purpose and purpose of this report is to minimize the risk of duplication and deletion of data, make it easier to present reports so that they can be generated automatically, make it easier for TU staff to calculate the teaching honorarium of teachers at SMA Al Ma'soem.The method used in system design is SDLC (System Development Life Cycle). Where in its application using the waterfall model, namely the Waterfall method is a sequential software development process, where progress is seen as continuing to flow downward (like a waterfall) through the phases of planning, modeling, implementation (construction), and testing. The system modeling uses Flow maps, Data Flow Diagrams, Structure Charts, Data Dictionary and ERD.Thus, the Information System for Teaching Honor Teachers at Al Ma'soem High School is expected to assist in processing data and processing teacher payrolls.
Low Dose CT Image Denoising using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks with Extended Receptive Fields
Authors: Thanh-Trung Nguyen , Trinh Dinh-Hoan , Linh-Trung Nguyen , Luong Marie
Published: November 2021

How to reduce dose radiation while preserving the image quality as when using standard dose is one of the most important topics in the Computed Tomography (CT) imaging domain due to quality of low dose CT (LDCT) images is often strongly affected by noise and artifacts. Recently there has been considerable interest in using deep learning as a post-processing step to improve the quality of reconstructed LDCT images. This paper, first, gives an overview of learning-based LDCT image denoising methods from patch-based early learning methods to state-of-the-art CNN-based ones, and then a novel CNN-based method is presented. In the proposed method, preprocessing and post-processing techniques are integrated into a dilated convolutional neural network to extend receptive fields. Hence, large distance pixels in input images will participate in enriching feature maps of the learned model and thus effectively denoises. Experimental results showed that the proposed method is light while its denoising effectiveness is competitive with well-known CNN-based models.
The state of kidney function in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors:   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Zhmurov V. A. , Zverev S. A. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Zhmurov D. V. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Petrova Yu. A. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Reshetnikova T. V. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Zhmurova E. A. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen
Published: November 2021

Objective: to evaluate the functional state of the kidneys in patients with various clinical variants of pulmonary tuberculosis. Material and methods. 60 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were examined: 32 people with disseminated forms (53.3%), 16 people with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (26.6%) and 12 people with other forms of pulmonary tuberculosis (20.0%). The average age of patients was 54.3 ± 3.3 years. The examination included a complete clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was evaluated using the CKD-EPI formula, followed by an assessment of the stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in accordance with National Clinical Guidelines (Moscow, 2019). Results and discussion. As a result of the examination, CKD of various stages was detected in all observed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. CKD of stage C2 (35.0%) and C3a (31.6%) was most often detected, less often C3b (6.6%), C4 (15%) and C5 (11.6%). At the same time, patients with disseminated forms of pulmonary tuberculosis were more likely to have more severe stages of CKD (C3b – C5) – 18.2%, than in patients with infiltrative forms (6.5%) and in patients with other forms of pulmonary tuberculosis (8.3%). The development of CKD in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis can contribute to the formation of morphofunctional changes in the lung tissue with fibrosis phenomena and subsequent violations of ventilation and perfusion mechanisms. Conclusion. The results obtained require mandatory assessment of kidney function in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with the determination of the glomerular filtration rate by the calculated method, followed by the isolation of the CKD stage, especially in patients with a disseminated form of the disease, and timely measures to slow the progression of CKD.
Iatrogenic hepatic damage as a problem of modern surgery (literature review)
Authors:   Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1, Tyumen, Chakhchakhov Ya. A. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Gibert B. K. ,   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen
Published: November 2021

Iatrogenic damage to the extrahepatic bile ducts occurs in a fairly large number of observations, despite constant work aimed at improving surgical interventions. The most optimal chosen therapeutic tactics, as well as the timing of the revealed damage to the bile ducts, determine the effectiveness and quality of care provided to this category of patients. We also have to state that, to date, in the Russian Federation there is no unambiguously generally accepted and approved therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm for iatrogenic damage to the extrahepatic bile ducts. One of the main aspects of the effectiveness of the applied treatment tactics is the level of quality of life of patients who underwent surgical treatment. Treatment and management of patients with iatrogenic damage to the extrahepatic bile ducts still have a fairly large number of controversial issues, the solution of which should improve the immediate results of surgical treatment of this category of patients.
NOISE REDUCTION AT IMAGE NON CONTRAST CT-SCAN UROGRAPHY WITH USING ITERATIVE RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Saifudin Saifudin , Budi Saputra Catur
Published: November 2021

The CT Scan examination technique that in the last decade is popular in diagnosing urinary stones is NCCT Urography examination. This examination is fast and informative, but this examination has a deficiency that the resulting image has a fairly high noise. Iterative Reconstruction is a method of algorithm reconstruction on CT Scan with the basic principle of estimating data to produce reconstruction image by reducing noise. The purpose of this study was to find out the difference in noise value in the use of Iterative Reconstruction in reducing noise and improving the quality of NCCT Urography image. This research was conducted retrospectively, namely on existing image given iterative reconstruction treatment of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. Samples in each iterative reconstruction treatment group as many as 10 images. Image is done noise measurement by doing ROI in kidneys, ureter and VU. Data analysis is done by conducting different tests of One Way Anova using SPSS Software. The results showed that there was a significant difference in noise value after it was done Iterative Reconstruction. Noise decreased as the percentage of used Iterative Reconstruction increased in NCCT Urography image. In the use of Iterative Reconstruction percentage of 100% obtained the lowest average noise value of 9.11. The use of Iterative Reconstruction can reduce noise in NCCT Urography image by 9.386% compared to Filtered Back Projection (FBP). Iterative reconstruction is able to reduce noise and improve the image quality of NCCT Urography.
DIFFERENCES OF CULEX SPP AND AEDES SPP LARVAE MORTALITY RATES ON THE USE OF THEMEFOS
Authors: Darmawan Wahyu
Published: November 2021

Eradication of the mosquito vectors that cause several diseases is still being carried out today where methods are still being developed. This research aims to identify the mortality rate of Culex spp. and Aedes spp. larvae for the use themefos or abate with sowed and wrapped of filter paper. The author uses quasi-experimental to observe that mortality. The design was devided into two groups, giving themepos/abate with a national dose of (1gr/10 liters of water) in 24 hours with threatment sowed and wrapped of filter paper through the analysis of varians/annova test to observe the varians of the time of mortality of Culex spp. and Aedes spp. larvae as well as probit analysis to see the probability of time of the larvae’s death.The result of this research is no defference in the mortality of Culex spp. and Aedes spp. larvae for the uses of themefos/abate with sowed and wrapped of filter paper. The authors suggestion is giving themefos or abate by wrapping filter paper preverably for larvae in a stagnant water such as Aedes spp larvae because it does not provide residual granules in water reservoirs used for human activities while the used of themepos/abate with sowed can also be used for a stagnant water or has a small discharge.
4D modelling using virtual collaborative planning and scheduling
Authors: Tallgren Mikael Viklund , Roupé Mattias , Johansson Mikael
Published: November 2021

During the last decades, the introduction of Building Information Models (BIM) has opened new possibilities to ensure better communication and a shared understanding between stakeholders in construction projects. Similar benefits have been found in 4D simulations of the schedule. While BIM and 4D use has seen a steady increase, the potential benefits have not fully been realised, primarily due to tools not supporting and enabling the full potential of collaborative stakeholder involvement in scheduling. The benefits of 4D simulations come from improving communication between stakeholders. While traditional 4D modelling connects an existing BIM model with an existing schedule, a move from this type of passive 4D visualisation toward social co-creation enables all stakeholders to be involved in the scheduling process. This connection is further enhanced with the use of Virtual Reality (VR). Recent research has shown VR to enhance understanding and perception of the space and details and, thus, a better understanding of the project. This paper maps collaborative planning and scheduling method and traditional 4D scheduling using process modelling. This mapping is followed by implementing the 4D collaborative planning and scheduling method in the virtual project planning system with support for a multi-user interactive VR environment. The system enables social co-creation both during the planning and scheduling and during 4D modelling; it improves understanding of the project and the planning and scheduling.
URGENSI PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PRODUK UMKM DI DESA KLARI
Authors: Zarisnov Arafat
Published: November 2021

Tingginya nilai upah minimum regional Kabupaten Karawang memicu banyaknya keinginan angkatan kerja untuk bekerja di sektor industri sebagai pekerja perusahaan yang berdomisili di Kabupaten Karawang. Desa Klari sebagai salah satu desa yang terletak di Kabupaten Karawang turut mengalami laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang begitu pesat didominasi dengan para pendatang dari luar Karawang yang berkeinginan bekerja di sektor tersebut. Hal itu dianggap sebagai peluang usaha terutama di bidang kuliner bagi beberapa pihak, karena tingginya tingkat konsumsi masyarakat di Karawang, sehingga mendorong banyaknya produk makanan yang diproduksi melalui UMKM. Namun pada kenyataannya banyak wirausahawan (UMKM) yang belum mengetahui bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap merk produk makanannya yang mana memunculkan polemik untuk menjaga orisinalitas produk mereka sebab mulai banyaknya produk makanan tiruan, sehingga harus diberikan pemahaman kepada mereka. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan adalah Participatory Rural Appraisal (APR) dengan cara bersama-sama menganalisis masalah kehidupan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat sehingga mammpu membuat rencana dan melakukan tindakan nyata. Diharapkan dengan pemberian pemahaman atas pentingnya pendaftaran merk dagang tersebut, dapat menjaga orisinalitas produk ketika terjadi persaingan usaha dengan produk yang sama

Kata Kunci : Perlindungan Hukum, Merk Dagang, Masyarakat.

The high value of regional minimum wages in Karawang Regency has triggered the desire of the workforce to work in the industrial sector as company workers domiciled in Karawang Regency. Klari Village as one of the villages located in Karawang Regency has also experienced a rapid population growth rate dominated by migrants from outside Karawang who wish to work in this sector. This is considered as a business opportunity, especially in the food sector, for several parties, due to the high level of public consumption in Karawang, thus encouraging the number of food products produced through a.k.a UMKM. But in fact, many entrepreneurs do not yet know the form of legal protection for their food product brands, which raises a polemic to maintain the originality of their products because there are many counterfeit food products, so they must be given an understanding. The service method used is Participatory Rural Appraisal (APR) by jointly analyzing life problems to increase community knowledge so that they can make plans and take real action. It is hoped that by providing an understanding of the importance of trademark registration, it can maintain product originality when there is business competition with the same product.

Keywords: Legal Protection, Trademark, Society
PKM PENGENALAN ANDROID DAN PEMBUATAN VIDEO STREAMING DENGAN ANDROID STUDIO PADA SMK TELEKOMUNIKASI TELESANDI BEKASI
Authors: Intan Dwi Fatmaningtyas  , Jafar Shadiq  , Rita Wahyuni Arifin  , Ahmad Safei  , Rayhan Wahyudin Ratu Lolly
Published: November 2021

Pada era Covid-19 saat ini semakin banyak pengguna atau user yang menggunakan teknologi. Dari orang tua hingga anak kecil menggunakan teknologi sebagai alat media pembelajaran online dimasa pandemi Covid-19. Android saat ini menjadi pilihan bagi perusahaan teknologi yang menginginkan sistem operasi berbiaya rendah, bisa dikustomisasi, dan ringan untuk perangkat berteknologi tinggi tanpa harus mengembangkannya dari awal. Faktor di atas telah memberikan kontribusi terhadap perkembangan Android, menjadikannya sebagai sistem operasi telepon pintar yang paling banyak digunakan di dunia. Metode dalam PkM ini dengan sasaran utama adalah siswa-siswi jurusan Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak kelas XII pada SMK Telekomunikasi Telesandi Bekasi. PkM dilakukan dengan memberikan pelatihan dan demonstrasi kepada peserta dalam pembuatan video streaming dengan Android Studio dengan dukungan media online berupa zoom, YouTube dan Link Google Drive. Adapun hasil umpan balik yang diberikan oleh peserta yang disampaikan oleh narasumber dengan tingkat kepuasan secara keseluruhan 55.3% memberi respon puas terhadap kegiatan pelatihan.Kata kunci—android studio, pengabdian masyarakat, video streaming.AbstractIn the Covid-19 era, more and more users are using technology. From parents to young children using technology as an online learning media tool during the Covid-19 pandemic. Android is currently the choice for technology companies who want a low-cost, customizable, lightweight operating system for high-tech devices without having to develop it from scratch. The above factors have contributed to the development of Android, making it the most widely used smartphone operating system in the world. The method in PkM with the main target is students majoring in Software Engineering class XII at SMK Telekomunikasi Telesandi Bekasi. PkM is carried out by providing training and demonstrations to participants in making video streaming with Android Studio with online media support in the form of zoom, YouTube and Google Drive links. The results of the feedback given by participants were delivered by sourceswith an overall satisfaction level of 55.3% giving a satisfied response to the training activities.

Keywords—android studio, community service, video streaming.
Homotopy perturbation and numerical solutions for MHD flow of PTT fluid through a channel embedded in a porous medium
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, IGIT, Sarang, Dhenknal, Odisha, India, B.K Swain , M Das ,   Department of Mathematics, S.O.A, Deemed to be University, BBSR, Odisha, India,, G.C Dash ,   Department of Mathematics, S.O.A, Deemed to be University, BBSR, Odisha, India,
Published: November 2021

An analysis is made of the steady one dimensional flow and heat transfer of an incompressible viscoelastic electrically conducting fluid (PTT model) in a channel embedded in a saturated porous medium. The pressure driven flow is subjected to a transverse magnetic field of constant magnetic induction (field strength). The heat transfer accounts for the viscous dissipation. The governing equation (a non-linear ordinary differential equation) is solved analytically (Homotopy Perturbation Method) and numerically (Runge-Kutta method with shooting technique) providing the consistency of the result. The role of Deborah number substantiates both Newtonian and non-Newtonian aspects of the flow model. The inclusion of two body forces affects rheological property of the flow model considered. Temperature distribution in the boundary layer is shown when the channel surfaces are held at constant temperatures. A novel result of the analysis is that the contribution of viscous dissipation is found to be negligible as the variation of temperature is almost linear across the flow field in the present PTT fluid model indicating preservation of thermal energy loss.
3-D modelling and visualization of large building using photogrammetric approach
Authors:   College of Engineering, University of Duhok, Iraq, Kattan Raad Awad , Abdulrahman Farsat Heeto ,   College of Engineering, University of Duhok, Iraq, Gilyana Sami Mamlook ,   College of Engineering, University of Duhok, Iraq, Zaya Yousif Youkhna ,   College of Engineering, University of Duhok, Iraq
Published: November 2021

The progress in modern technologies such as precise lightweight cameras mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and the more user-friendly software in the photogrammetric field, allows for 3-D model construction of any structure or shape. Software now achieves in sequence the processes of matching, generating tie points, block bundle adjustment, and generating digital elevation models.The aim of this study is to make a virtual 3-D model of the college of engineering /University of Duhok. Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The data input is vertical and oblique imagery acquired by UAV, ground control points distributed on the surrounded ground, facades, and roof. Ground control points were measured by the GPS RTK system in addition to the reflectorless total station instrument. The data is processed mainly using Agisoft PhotoScan software as well as the Global Mapper and the ReCap software. The output is a 3-D model, digital elevation model, and orthomosaic.Geometric and visual inspections were carried out. Some imperfections appeared on the sharp edges and parapets of the building. In the geometric accuracy of selected points on the building, the maximum standard deviation in the coordinates was ±4cm. The relative accuracy in distance measurements were in the range of 0.72% to 4.92 %
A linear physical programming model for assembly line balancing problem
Authors:   Dep. of Industrial Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey, Akpınar Muhammet Enes
Published: November 2021

This paper deals with the mixed-model assembly line balancing problem. This type of line is applied to more than one similar model of a product in an intermixed order. Despite their widespread use, these lines have received little attention in the literature. Metaheuristics, heuristics and mathematical programming techniques are developed to solve these types of assembly line balancing problems. However, linear physical programming method has never used. In this paper, a linear physical programming model is proposed for balancing a mixed-model assembly line. The performance of the proposed model is applied to a numerical example to analyze the usage of the methodology. Five objectives are considered in the model and the outperformance of the methodology is demonstrated by comparing it to a different approach. According to the results, it has been seen that the proposed linear physical programming model is practical and useful approach for mixed-model assembly line balancing problems.
« Jeux de mots » et actes rituels. Sur la relation entre Textes des Pyramides, listes d’offrandes et iconographie funéraire
Authors: Thuault Simon
Published: November 2021

“‘Wordplays’ and ritual acts. About relationship between Pyramid Texts, Offering lists and tombs’ iconography” - Whatever the name they bear, the so-called “Wordplays” in Pyramid Texts (PT) have been commented and interpreted as epigraphic peculiarities with literary and ritual significance. In fact, their performativity is indubitable, as is their relationship with Offering lists that first appear in private tombs. But the depth of this puns – mostly phonetic – has not been enough underlined, their phonological analysis being usually superficial. Moreover, if the connection between PT and private iconography is sometimes noticed, a systematic study of the royal formulas can shed new lights on their relation with the depicted rites. This paper aims at expose the variety of phonetic and semantic wordplays attested in the offering formulas of the PT, chapters that take the items of traditional offering lists and tables. Then I will submit new hypotheses about their link with the iconography that usually accompany these lists.
Keywords: Pyramids Texts; Iconography; Offering lists; Funerary rituals; Wordplays; Phonology
Zum Ausdruck m sxm.t.n(=j) jm „mit dem, worüber ich Macht hatte“ in den autobiographischen Inschriften des Alten Reichs
Authors: Kloth Nicole
Published: November 2021

“On the expression m sxm.t.n(=j) jm ‘with what I had had power over’ in the autobiographical inscriptions of the Old Kingdom” - In the autobiographical inscriptions of the Old Kingdom, the expression m sxm.t.n(=j) jm „with what I have taken power of“ occurs several times: The texts can be assigned to three different contexts that are all documented several times. This suggests that the „compilation“ within the autobiographical text templates was not freely interchangeable but was bound and passed on in fixed text sequences.
Biochemical Assessment of Peas Pisum sativum Varieties
Authors: Vasileva Viliana , Kosev Valentin
Published: November 2021

Seven peas (Pisum sativum L.) varieties different originated, i.e, X07P54, X06PWY, NDPO80138-B-2, CA1P, L020140, Wt6803 and Mir were studied. Biochemical assessment of fresh aboveground biomass and seeds of peas varieties were done. At the beginning of flowering stage the NDPO80138-B-2 and X07P54 were reported high levels for crude protein (22.33% and 21.87%), crude fibre (25.94% and 25.76%) and crude ash (10.39% and 9.47%). In technical maturity with high crude protein and crude fibre contents NDPO80138-B-2 (21.59% and 21.38%), X06PWY (19.95% and 21.36%), X07P54 (19.78% and 20.57%) and CA1P (19.60% and 22.53%) were distinguished; by calcium CA1P (2.09%), and by phosphorus Wt6803 (0.54%). More significant variability in phosphorus content (21.27%) and Ca:P ratio (25.65%) in fresh biomass was observed. The lowest coefficient of variation was found for crude fibre (5.43%), crude ash (7.81%) and crude protein content (9.00%). The variability of parameters in technical maturity was found low and ranges from 2.34% for crude protein to 9.27 for phosphorus. The green mass yield is positively correlated with the calcium content (r = 0.581), phosphorus (r = 0.316) and crude ash (r = 0.077) and the seed yield positive correlated with calcium content (r = 0.79). The relationships found between qualitative indicators could be used in the breeding programs of peas.
Realising the Objectives of Infrastructure Master Plan: the Role of Internal Operatives
Authors: Masunungure Innocent , Ogbeifun Edoghogho , C. Pretorius Jan-Harm
Published: November 2021

The infrastructure master plan, in a higher education institution, serves as a blueprint for the coordinated and progressive development of the physical infrastructure and services to create a suitable academic environment required to promote teaching, learning and research. Implementation of master plan or organisation strategy is usually long-term, subject to rational and objective adjustment due to internal and external dynamics. Management and other internal role players were faced with dynamic economic and social circumstances that called for responsive and adaptive decision-making to implement the infrastructure master plan successfully. The single site case study method of qualitative research was adopted in the exploration of the development and implementation process of the infrastructure master plan of a higher education institution in Zimbabwe. The findings revealed that internal and external dynamics were managed through the collaborative relationship and participatory leadership of the University Council (Board), Building Committee and the Works Department of Estates of the institution. This provided stability and focused developments, while trying to cope with divergent pressure. The strategic infrastructure development of the master plan was achieved through the innovative use of multiple prong development strategies, which included new construction, rehabilitation of existing buildings, the purchase and renting of suitable properties.
THE SCYTHIANS AND URARTU
Authors: Makhortykh S. V.
Published: November 2021

The numerous Scythian (broadly speaking) artifacts have been discovered in the Urartian fortresses Ayanis and Karmir-Blur. They include the weapons (bronze socketed arrowheads), trappings (iron and bone cheekpieces, harness fittings, etc.), and objects decorated in the Scythian animal style. These findings is the important source of archaeological data and serve as independent chronological indicator that advances our current understanding of the periodization and character of the interrelations between the nomads and various Middle Eastern states. The typological and chronological analysis of the Scythian antiquities in the Urartian historical and cultural context indicates that these antiquities belong to the different periods. It also allows us to identify the earlier and later sets of artifacts. The materials from Ayanis belong to the oldest antiquities and could be associated with the contacts between the Scythinas and Urartu in the second — the beginning of the third quarter of the 7th century BC. These finds are represented by bilobate arrowheads with rhomboid and oval heads, a scabbard chape decorated with the image of a curled animal without clear features of feline predators, iron straight three-looped and bone zoomorphic cheekpieces ornamented with an image of ram’s head. On the contrary, nomadic materials from Karmir-Blur are a bit later and are indicative of active contacts between the Urartians and the Scythians in the second half of the 7th century BC and the beginning of the 6th century BC. These finds include the wide range of bronze socketed arrowheads, among them the numerous trilobate of various modifications, the bouterolle decorated with schematic image of curled predator, three-hole bone cheekpieces with the animal hoof on the lower end and rectangular protrusion in the middle of the bar, bronze zoomorphic harness fittings ornamented with the image of ram’s head, etc. Thus, available data do not confirm the hypothesis about the simultaneous destruction of Urartian fortresses and the complete destruction of Urartu in the middle of the 7th century BC.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION OF THE 2nd—1st CENTURIES BC AND SOME ETHNIC ISSUES OF THE SARMATIANS
Authors: Skripkin A. S. , Klepikov V. M.
Published: November 2021

The paper concerns with chronological analysis of Early Sarmatian military burials with two swords in the Lower Volga region dated to the last centuries BC. There are two combinations of the different bladed weapons in the burials: swords with a ring pommel and daggers with a crescent-shaped pommel; swords without metal pommel with the rhomboid cross-bar and daggers with a crescent-shaped pommel. Swords and daggers with a crescent-shaped pommel are absent in the burials after the turn of AD. Swords and daggers with ring pommel or rhomboid-shaped cross-bar have appeared during the new migration wave in the Lower Volga region not earlier than in the 2nd century BC. This determines the chronological framework of the assemblages. Daggers and swords with a crescent-shaped pommel are the local product, they were used much earlier than the swords of migratory origin. The authors suggest that the emergence of innovations is associated with the migration of the 2nd—1st centuries BC from Central Asia, because in addition to swords with ring pommel and bronze cross-bar without metal pommel, there were found bronze openwork and lattice buckles, jet buckles and cubic incense burners, well known in the East.
The burials with Northern direction and wooden decks have the analogies in Tuvan antiquities of the Xiungnu-Sarmatian time. At the same time in ancient sources there is a list of tribes among which Aorsi and Top Aorsi on the Don and in the Volga region, Rhoxolani in the Northern Pontic region and Siraci in the Kuban region are mentioned. Although all this area was called Sarmatia, the name Sarmatians is not included in this list. The authors believe that the new tribes replaced the Sarmatians but in Greek literary tradition the territory retained its old familiar name. In addition to swords and daggers with the crescent-shaped pommel, other items known as early as the 4th—3rd centuries BC continue to occur in the burials, and the burial rite continues to preserve the custom of southern direction of the buried and the practice of placing the burial in a circle or in a row under the mound. All this is the evidence of the unique symbiosis of two cultural traditions: the previous local and newcomer Central Asian.
HABITATIONS OF RUDKIVTSI SETTLEMENT (According to Research Materials of 1972—1974)
Authors: Hutsal A. F.
Published: November 2021

The settlement of pre-Scythian times is located near the Rudkivtsi village, Novoushitsky District, Khmelnytsky Region. The site occupies large area on the plateau (about 115 hectares) which rises 150 m above the level of the Dniester and a steep slope (about 6 hectares) which departs from the plateau and descends rapidly to the water. The settlement has the complex system of artificial fortifications that protect it from the most vulnerable areas.

The part of settlement that occupied the slope was inhabited. Here in the seventees of the previous century the author conducted the research by the expedition of the Kamyanets-Podilsky Pedagogical Institute. This article deals with residential objects, were discovered on the settlement during 1972—1974.

Residential buildings are mostly above ground or slightly deepened by 0.5—1 m with clay pear-shaped or oval in plan furnaces and hearths. For example, dwelling 5 was lowered into the ground by 0.7 m. Dimensions — 8.5 Ч 6.5 m. In housing had functioned an clay oven and three hearths. The furnace, pear-shaped in plan, was sunk into the mainland by about half near the western wall and rose 0.3 m above the general level. Length — 2.3 m, width — 1.4 m, and width of the outfall — 0.35 m. The stove had a domed ceiling, which had fell on the bottom and covered the entire area of the latter with a layer (up to 3—4 cm thick) of small fragments of burnt plaster. In some places, along the perimeter of the furnace, survived to a height of 3 cm sides of the arch, 4 cm thick. On both sides of the estuary there were stone slabs across, which strengthened the outfall and prevented its premature destruction.The 3 cm thick clay bottom was smeared on a base of carefully laid stone tiles. In addition to the stove, there were three other fires inside the house.

The results of the excavations are important, first of all, because it was possible to open residential buildings with heating devices of satisfactory safety and to establish their arrangement. In the construction of buildings used traditional materials for the time: clay, wood and stone. This technology is typical for the whole of Transnistria and neighboring regions.

Studies have shown that the territory of the settlement was very densely populated. The collected materials allow to determine the time of functioning of the monument within the end of the 10th first half of the 7th century BC.
DISCUSSING THE WESTERN CONNECTIONS OF THE SARMATIAN POPULATION ACCORDING TO ANTHROPOLOGY DATA
Authors: Balabanova M. A.
Published: November 2021

The paper discusses the issue of possible connections of the Sarmatian population of the Southern Urals, Lower Volga and Lower Don with synchronous groups of Northern Pontic region according to physical anthropology. The review of the literary, archaeological and craniological publications dedicated to this issue was conducted in order to fulfill this task. The academic discourse is represented by the findings of historical, archaeological and anthropological data. The works of Diodores from Sicily, Pliny the Elder, Claudius Ptolemaios, Strabo, Appianus, Ammianus Marcelinus, A. E. Puzdrovsky, B. V. Magomedov, E. A. Symonovich, I. N. Khrapunov, Ya. I. Onishchuk, T. N. Vysotskaya, V. E. Deryabin, M. S. Velikanova, T. A. Rudich and the materials of the Center for the study of the history and culture of the Sarmatians of Volgograd State University are the basic sources. Verification of the most popular models of ethnogenetic relationships was carried out using the phased intergroup comparisons of craniometric data. Mass material on the Sarmatian cultures and cultures of the Northern Pontic region was processed by the canonical method followed by consideration of the proximity distances of Mahalanobis. As a result, the hypothesis about the insignificant influence of the Early Sarmatian, Middle Sarmatian, and Late Sarmatian component on the change in the intragroup structure of the North Pontic populations was confirmed. The Late Sarmatian population has the greatest morphological similarity with western populations, since all of them are carriers of the type of long-headed Caucasians but such an important feature as the width of the orbit separates western populations from eastern ones. Despite of this the results of the study suggest the introduction of the component of all three chronological Sarmatian groups into the settled population of the Lower Don and Late Scythian groups. The findings of the study presented in this paper provide the opportunity to support or refute them with the results of paleogenetic analysis which has already been started for Sarmatian cultures, but its results have not yet been fully summed up.