bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental evidence dynamic pressures reduction on plunge pool floors downstream flip bucket for increasing downstream face slopes
Authors: Moghadam Mehdi Karami , Amini Ata , Hosseini Hasan
Published: May 2020

In this research, the ejecting jet from a flip bucket downstream of a chute spillway was simulated using physical modeling. The effects of influencing parameters upon fluctuations and extreme values of dynamic pressure were investigated. The angles of 0°, 30°, 45°, and 60° were adopted for the mobile bottom wall. The discharges were set as 67, 86, 161, and 184 litre/s and the depths of water cushion on the mobile bottom wall were set as 0, 15, 30, and 45 cm. The method suggested by Castillo for computation of fluctuating coefficient of dynamic pressure (see Castillo (2007) Pressure characterization of undeveloped and developed jets in shallow and deep pool. Proceedings of the Congress-International Association for Hydraulic Research32 (2), 645) was validated via the laboratory data. The results showed that the increase in water cushion depth downstream has led to a decrease in mean pressure and in pressure fluctuations. The analyses showed that the fluctuating pressure coefficient was a function of water cushion depth, and its maximum value was taken when there was a water cushion on the mobile bottom wall. With an increase in discharge and mobile bottom wall angle, the maximum value of the fluctuating coefficient occurred in less water cushion depth. Moreover, with the growth of discharge, the maximum positive and negative fluctuations of the pressure increased first and then decreased.
Número especial do X Seminário Brasileiro sobre Pequenas Frutas
Authors: SIMÕES Fabiano , PAIM Leonardo Soldatelli , ROSSSI Andrea de
Published: May 2020

A expressividade da produção de pequenas frutas é crescente nas últimas décadas no Brasil, uma vez considerada a demanda por elevada qualidade e funcionalidade dos alimentos. O Sul do país, sobretudo a região fisiográfica dos Campos de Cima da Serra no Rio Grande do Sul, apresenta grande potencial para o cultivo, ganhando destaque. O cultivo de morangueiros, amoreiras-pretas, mirtileiros e framboeseiras, dentre outros, apresenta dificuldades tecnológicas inerentes à produção, manejo fitotécnico e pós-colheita. Objetivando-se mitigar ou eliminar tais problemáticas, tendo em vista a defasagem de informações, a realização de encontros sobre pequenas frutas surge como grande oportunidade para promover discussões acerca das tecnologias adotadas e, acima de tudo, novas alternativas para serem implementadas por produtores brasileiros.
O Seminário Brasileiro sobre Pequenas Frutas foi criado em 2002 numa reunião de trabalho da equipe da Emater/RS-Ascar de Vacaria quando se pensou, na ocasião, em realizar um evento regional, que discutisse tecnologias de produção e políticas para o desenvolvimento e ampliação do cultivo de pequenas frutas, já que havia um número relevante de produtores familiares, no município, envolvidos na produção de amora-preta.
A Embrapa Uva e Vinho e a Embrapa Clima Temperado, junto à Prefeitura Municipal de Vacaria, já parceiras na introdução e fomento desses cultivos, prontamente incorporaram-se à ideia de realização do evento, cuja primeira edição, realizada em maio de 2002, foi intitulada 1º Seminário Regional sobre Pequenas Frutas. O evento recebeu abrangência nacional logo na 2ª edição, sendo renomeado para Seminário Brasileiro sobre Pequenas Frutas, pioneiro e principal encontro sobre pequenas frutas no Brasil. Assim, é considerado um marco no desenvolvimento do polo de produção de pequenas frutas, caracterizando-se pela grande participação de agricultores familiares.
A diversificação de cultivos e ampliação de áreas cultivadas nos Campos de Cima da Serra, bem como o surgimento de polos de produção de pequenas frutas em diversos estados brasileiros, tem exigido dinâmica inovadora da organização do evento para a idealização das edições. A partir de 2005, por exemplo, o Seminário Brasileiro sobre Pequenas Frutas passou a ter periodicidade bianual. No último evento, em julho de 2017, houve a participação de 250 pessoas. A realização da X edição, em julho de 2019, contou com palestrantes de renome nacional e três palestrantes internacionais (Itália). Nesta ocasião, assim como na anterior, os autores submeteram resumos expandidos, porém, uma vez considerada edição comemorativa, os oito melhores trabalhos apresentados  no X Seminário Brasileiro sobre Pequenas Frutas foram selecionados para a publicação na edição especial da Revista Eletrônica Científica da UERGS.
Poda de renovação para segundo ciclo produtivo e origem da muda de morangueiro
Authors: Brustolin Backes Daniela , Cocco Carine , Weber Schildt Gabriela
Published: May 2020

O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar a produção e qualidade de frutas do morangueiro no segundo ciclo produtivo, submetida a diferentes épocas de poda de renovação da cultivar San Andreas a partir de mudas chilenas e espanholas, sob cultivo em substrato. O experimento foi realizado no município de Bom Princípio, Rio Grande do Sul. Foram utilizadas mudas provenientes de duas origens: Espanha e Chile, as quais foram submetidas a épocas de poda de renovação, realizadas nos dias 20/01, 10/02, 01/03, 20/03 de 2018. A testemunha caracterizou-se pela ausência de poda, sendo realizada a retirada de folhas senescentes, no dia 20/01. O experimento foi um fatorial 2x5, em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições e cada repetição contendo 10 plantas. Na poda de renovação foram deixadas três coroas por planta e mantidas as duas folhas mais jovens em cada coroa. A colheita das frutas teve início em 20 de março, estendendo-se até 22 de outubro de 2018, sendo colhidas, pesadas e classificadas em frutas comerciais e não comerciais. Mensalmente, durante os meses de julho a outubro, foram coletadas cinco frutas por parcela, nos quais avaliou-se diâmetro e comprimento, teor de sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, firmeza de polpa e relação sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável. A data de realização da poda de renovação e a origem das mudas não influenciaram no número de frutas, massa fresca e massa média de fruta. O mês de agosto apresentou qualidades físico-químicas melhores em relação aos demais meses.
Aplicação foliar de silício reduz a ocorrência de doenças fúngicas na cultura do morangueiro
Authors: WÜRZ Douglas André , KOWAL Alcemir Nabir , FAGHERAZZI Antonio Felippe , RIBEIRO Daniele Moreira , NIZER Mauro
Published: May 2020

Diversas doenças fúngicas podem ocorrer na cultura do morangueiro, dentre as quais, a micosferela, a antracnose e o mofo cinzento. O silício é um mineral que atua como agente fertilizante e defensivo agrícola. A fim de reduzir o uso de agrotóxicos, esse trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de silício no controle das principais doenças fúngicas do morangueiro cultivado no Planalto Norte Catarinense. O trabalho foi realizado na área experimental do IFSC – Campus Canoinhas, através de tratamentos que consistiram na aplicação de cinco diferentes doses de silício, por meio do produto Agrisil® (99% Si). Foram realizadas aplicações com diferentes doses do produto, 100, 200, 300 e 400 g (i.a. silício)/100L água. As avaliações da incidência e severidade das doenças foram realizadas, e as doses de 300g e 400 g (i.a. silício)/100L água proporcionaram redução na ocorrência da micosferela e mofo cinzento. Assim, o uso de silício apresenta-se como uma alternativa para o controle dessas doenças, reduzindo os impactos ambientais e o efeito nocivo ao trabalhador rural.
Desempenho produtivo de genótipos de morangueiro de dia neutro na Serra Gaúcha
Authors: COCCO Carine , SCHILDT Gabriela Weber , GIACOMEL Fernando , FAGHERAZZI Antônio Felippe , ZANIN Daniel Suek , KRETZSCHMAR Aike Anneliese
Published: May 2020

O cultivo de morango no período de entressafra, durante os meses de verão, desperta interesse na Serra Gaúcha, devido às condições climáticas favorecerem produções tardias. Para isso, cultivares de dia neutro são utilizadas, já que estas não sofrem interferência do aumento do fotoperíodo para a indução floral. Portanto, a introdução e avaliação de genótipos de dia neutro se configura como uma demanda para os produtores dessa região. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a produção de diferentes genótipos de morangueiro de dia neutro na Região da Serra Gaúcha. Foram avaliadas as cultivares Albion, San Andreas e Irma, e as seleções FRF FC 104.01, FRF FC 57.06 e FRF FC 191.02, as quais foram implantadas no município de Farroupilha - RS em maio de 2017, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado contendo quatro repetições, e unidade experimental composta por 10 plantas. Foram avaliadas as variáveis produtivas e de qualidade físico-química das. As cultivares americanas Albion e San Andreas, bem como as seleções italianas FRF FC 104.01 apresentaram maior produção de frutas, estabilidade no tamanho das frutas e prolongamento do ciclo produtivo. Nas condições do estudo, observou-se que a cultivar italiana Irma não expressa o mesmo potencial produtivo observado em seu país de origem.
False Laboratory Test Result Through Colistin Interference in an Intensive Care Patient: Case Report
Authors: Pehlivan Veli F. , Gönel Ataman , Pehlivan Basak , Koyuncu Ismail
Published: May 2020

Background:

In blood samples taken for testing purposes during drug infusion in the
intensive care unit, there is a risk of interference due to drug-reactive interaction during the
analysis.

Case Report:

A 19-year-old female patient had undergone surgery for intracranial astrocytoma, 12
years ago. Acinetobacter baumannii was found in the blood culture and deep tracheal aspiration
fluid of the patient who had a fever (39.2 °C) with a body temperature during the follow-up. The
patient was started on colistin 2 * 4.5 million IU. After the colistin infusion, biochemical tests were
requested to control the patient’s clinical situation. CK-MB mass and ProBNP values were
measured in high concentrations. Cardiology consultation was requested to evaluate the increase
in the CK-MB mass and ProBNP values. The patient's ECG and echocardiography showed no
abnormality. The increase in cardiac markers was neither clinically acceptable nor insignificant.
There was no hemolysis in the sample or analytical error in the device. Variability in the tests was
thought to be due to the interference. As the bloodletting time was questioned, it was determined
that it was taken during colistin treatment. In order to determine the effect of colistin-related
interference on the other tests, the laboratory was contacted and additional tests (TSH, FT4, Anti-
TPO, B-HCG, Estradiol, Prolactin, CA 125, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, Vitamin B12, C-Peptide, DDimer,
PTH, 25 hydroxy vitamin D, PT, INR, APTT) were conducted. During colistin treatment,
in many tests, bias was detected between -75 and + 268.80%.

Conclusion:

Clinicians should consider suspicious test results that are incompatible with the
diagnosis for the possibility of erroneous measurements due to colistin interference and review the
sampling processes.
Pharmacogenetic Evaluation of Metformin and Sulphonylurea Response in Mexican Mestizos with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Marta Menjivar , Sánchez-Pozos Katy , Jaimes-Santoyo Joel , Monroy-Escutia Jazmin , Rivera- Santiago Carolina , de los Ángeles Granados-Silvestre María , Ortiz-López María Guadalupe
Published: May 2020

Background:

In Mexico, approximately 25% of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have adequate glycemic control. Polymorphisms in pharmacogenetic genes have been shown to have clinical consequences resulting in drug toxicity or therapeutic inefficacy.

Objective:

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of variants in genes known to be involved in response to oral hypoglycemic drugs, such as CYP2C9, OCT, MATE, ABCA1 and C11orf65, in the Mexican Mestizo population of T2D patients.

Methods:

In this study, 265 patients with T2D were enrolled from the Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City. Genotyping was performed by TaqMan® assays. SNP-SNP interactions were analyzed using the multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method.

Results:

Carriers of the del allele of rs72552763 could achieve better glycemic control than noncarriers. There was a significant difference in plasma glucose and HbA1c levels among rs622342 genotypes. The results suggested an SNP-SNP interaction between rs72552763 and rs622342 OCT1 and rs12943590 MATE2.

Conclusion:

The interaction between rs72552763 and rs622342 in OCT1, and rs12943590 in MATE2 suggested an important role of these polymorphisms in metformin response in T2D Mexican Mestizo population.
Absorption, Metabolism and Excretion of Surufatinib in Rats and Humans
Authors: Li Ke , Ma Sheng , Miao Liyan , Fan Songhua , Pan Bin , Zhang Weihan , Su Weiguo , Xiong Yating , Gu Zheming , Guo Lian , Sai Yang
Published: May 2020

Background:

Surufatinib is a potent small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor and exhibited significant
efficacy in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors in clinical trials.

Objective:

The absorption, metabolism and excretion of surufatinib were investigated in rats and human volunteers
following a single oral dose of [14C] surufatinib.

Methods:

The radioactivity was measured in plasma, urine, feces and bile by liquid scintillation counting, and the
metabolites were characterized by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.

Results:

Surufatinib was orally absorbed similarly in rats and human volunteers, with the median Tmax of 4 hours
post-dose. The estimated t1/2 appeared longer in humans than in rats (mean t1/2: 3.12 hour for male rats, 6.48 hours for
female rats and 23.3 hours for male human volunteers). The excretion of surufatinib was almost complete in rats and
human volunteers in the studies, with the total radioactivity recovery of >90% of the dose. Similarly, in rats and
humans, fecal excretion predominated (approximately 87% of the dose recovered in feces and only 5% in urine). The
parent drug was the major radioactive component detected in the plasma extracts of rats and humans, and no single
circulating metabolite accounted for >10% of the total radioactivity. Unchanged drug was a minor radioactive
component in the excreta of rats and humans.

Conclusion:

Fecal excretion was the predominant way for the elimination of surufatinib and its metabolites in rats
and humans. No disproportionate circulating metabolite was observed in humans.
Heat Stress and Pulsed Unfocused Ultrasound: The Viability of these Physical Approaches for Drug Delivery into Testicular Seminiferous Tubules
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Zafar Mohammad Ishraq , Wang Xiaotong , Ding Xiaofang , Li Honggang
Published: May 2020

Aim:

To investigate the application of Scrotal Heat Stress (SHS) and Pulsed Unfocused Ultrasound
(PuFUS) to explore Blood-Testis Barrier (BTB) permeability in adult mice.

Background:

The BTB provides a stable microenvironment and a unique immune barrier for spermatogenesis.
Meanwhile, it blocks macromolecular substances access, including therapeutic agents and antibodies,
thereby it decreases the therapeutic or immunocontraception effects.

Objectives:

To determine the viability of these physical approaches in delivering macromolecular substances
into seminiferous tubules.

Material & Methods:

Mice were subjected to receive single SHS intervention at 39°C, 41°C, or 43°C
for 30 min. Whereas, mice received the PuFUS intervention at 1.75w/cm2, 1.25w/cm2, and 2.5w/cm2 for
2 min, 5 min, and 10 min, respectively. The Biotin and macromolecular substances (IgG, IgM, and
exosomes) were separately injected into the testicular interstitium at different times following SHS or
PuFUS interventions, to observe their penetration through BTB into seminiferous tubules.

Results:

As detected by Biotin tracer, the BTB opening started from day-2 following the SHS and lasted
for more than three days, whereas the BTB opening started from 1.5h following PuFUS and lasted up to
24h. Apparent penetration of IgG, IgM, and exosomes into seminiferous tubules was observed after five
days of the SHS at 43°C, but none at 39°C, or any conditions tested with PuFUS.

Conclusion:

The current results indicate that SHS at 43°C comparatively has the potential for delivering
macromolecular substances into seminiferous tubules, whereas the PuFUS could be a novel, quick, and
mild approach to open the BTB. These strategies might be useful for targeted drug delivery into testicular
seminiferous tubules. However, further studies are warranted to validate our findings.
Association Between Coagulation Function and Spontaneous Hemorrhagic Transformation in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Ye Chen , Wang Yanan , Song Quhong , Liu Junfeng , Wei Chenchen , Liu Ming
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose:

Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) has an adverse effect on
the prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke, and it is currently known associated with coagulation
system. But the conclusion is not consistent and remains to be identified. The aim of this
study was to investigate the association between coagulation function and spontaneous hemorrhagic
transformation.

Methods:

Patients within 7 days from the onset of ischemic stroke who did not receive reperfusion
therapy (thrombolysis or endovascular treatment) were included between January 2016 and October
2017. Coagulation function indicators, including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial
thromboplastin time (APTT), international normalized ratio (INR), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen
(FIB), were tested within 24 h after admission. HT was defined as hemorrhage presented on
follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) but not on baseline
CT. We performed binary logistic regression to examine the association between coagulation function
and HT. The coagulation indicators were entered into logistic regression analysis as continuous
variables (per 1-unit/L increase) and four-categorized variables (with data collapsed into quartiles),
respectively.

Results:

A total of 1141 patients were included (mean age, 64 ± 15 years; 63.7% males). 102 patients
experienced HT (8.9%), of whom 14 patients experienced symptomatic HT (sHT, 1.2%).
After adjustment for confounders, TT in the highest quartile is inversely associated with risk of HT
(as continuous variable, odds ratio [OR] 0.85; 95% confidence level [CI] 0.73-0.99, P = 0.042; as
four-categorized variable, OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.18 - 0.7, P = 0.003). Whether as continuous variables
or four-categorized variables, PT, INR, APTT and FIB had no association with HT.

Conclusion:

: Not the whole process of coagulation function is associated with spontaneous HT.
Prolonged TT, which may indicate an extension of the last step of the coagulation process, is independently
and inversely associated with spontaneous HT in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
On the Possible Relevance of Bottom-up Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Leblhuber Friedrich , Steiner Kostja , Geisler Simon , Fuchs Dietmar , Gostner Johanna M.
Published: May 2020

Dementia is an increasing health problem in older aged populations worldwide. Age-related
changes in the brain can be observed decades before the first symptoms of cognitive decline appear.
Cognitive impairment has chronic inflammatory components, which can be enhanced by systemic immune
activation. There exist mutual interferences between inflammation and cognitive deficits. Signs of
an activated immune system i.e. increases in the serum concentrations of soluble biomarkers such as
neopterin or accelerated tryptophan breakdown along the kynurenine axis develop in a significant proportion
of patients with dementia and correlate with the course of the disease, and they also have a predictive
value. Changes in biomarker concentrations are reported to be associated with systemic infections
by pathogens such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and bacterial content in saliva. More recently, the
possible influence of microbiome composition on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis has been
observed. These observations suggest that brain pathology is not the sole factor determining the pathogenesis
of AD. Interestingly, patients with AD display drastic changes in markers of immune activation
in the circulation and in the cerebrospinal fluid. Other data have suggested the involvement of factors
extrinsic to the brain in the pathogenesis of AD. However, currently, neither the roles of these factors
nor their importance has been clearly defined.
Molecular Insights into the Interaction of Ursolic Acid and Cucurbitacin from Colocynth with Therapeutic Targets of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Ali Mohammad Ajmal , Farah Mohammad Abul , Lee Joongku , Al-Anazi Khalid M. , Al-Hemaid Fahad M.A.
Published: May 2020

Aims:

Medicinal plants like Citrullus colocynthis are a potential choice to produce helpful novel antimycobacterial drugs. The existence of a range of natural products in the plants, especially Ursolic Acid (UA) and cucurbitacin E 2-0-β-d-glucopyranoside (CEG), with promising antibacterial activity against a variety of bacteria, prompted the need to check its actions against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb).

Background:

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), an obligate human pathogen causes tuberculosis and is one of the major causes of death worldwide. A few combinations of drugs are currently accessible for treating TB patients, but these are inadequate to tackle worldwide TB cases.

Objective:

The molecular interactions between ursolic acid and cucurbitacin E with the eight potential Mtb target proteins were investigated with the objective of finding drug-like inhibitors.

Methods:

Avogadro v.1.2.0 and Openbabel v.2.4.1 were used for creating file formats required for docking analysis. Molecular docking was performed with eight different proteins essential for Mtb metabolism and survival. AutoDock v.4.2 and AutoDock vina v.1.1.2 were used for docking and Gromacs 5.1.4 was used for simulation studies.

Results and Discussion:

Among the two ligands used in this research, cucurbitacin E showed a better docking score relative to the drugs presently available for all the target proteins. Rifampicin showed the best binding affinity (among known inhibitors) i.e. -10.8 kcal/mol with C terminal caspase recruitment domain. Moreover, ursolic acid and cucurbitacin E showed uniform binding score (above -7.5 kcal/mol) with all the target proteins, acknowledged its availability as a potential multi-target drug.

Conclusion:

Ursolic acid can be useful in the creation of novel, multi-targeted and effective anti- TB medicines since it showed stable structure with FabH.
Getting to What Matters: A Model of Perceptual Guidance
Authors: Gregersen Anstein
Published: May 2020

This article outlines a model of perceptual guidance that aims at giving a child with congenital deafblindness perceptual access to the world, and in particular to the social world. It argues that we can closely interact with, and partially direct, a child’s exploration without instructing the child into culturally similar ways of exploring. Perceptual guidance has two facets. The first is a bodily dimension where child and partner interact so that they create a joint bodily orientation to the world. The second is that partner and child show each other ways of organizing their overlapping perceptual field with arms and hands. This showing bears close resemblance to how we judge and discuss aesthetic matters. As in aesthetics, there is not a given correct procedure for exploring and judging, but an effort at creating community through showing each other how we experience the world. This gives the child access to the social world without purporting that this is the only correct way of exploring. The article ends with two practice examples of perceptual guidance, which additionally shows two ways of spatially organizing the perceptual field.
Bua-mi: Learning through Meaningful Outdoor Activities
Authors: Gibson Joseph , Brede Kari Schjøll , Steigen Grete A.
Published: May 2020

This paper reflects on a long term and on-going project that used the Scandinavian “friluftsliv” (nature living) concept and meaningful work in the outdoors as a medium for language development with young adults who are congenitally deafblind. The physical nature of the project was key to both participants developing their tactile language.
Aspectos ecológicos, taxonómicos y de distribución de cianobacterias bentónicas en cinco ríos de la región central de México
Authors: Cartajena Alcántara Mariana Guadalupe , Carmona Jiménez Javier , Perona Urizar Elvira
Published: May 2020

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Las cianobacterias son algas procariontes oxifotótrofas presentes en gran variedad de hábitats y son componentes importantes de las comunidades bentónicas en muchos ambientes continentales y marinos. En México su diversidad en ríos es poco conocida; por ello, este estudio contribuye al conocimiento ficoflorístico en cinco ríos de la región central de México. Se incluyen descripciones e ilustraciones, estimaciones de su diversidad, un análisis de las relaciones entre formas de crecimiento y factores microambientales, y se discute la validez de su caracterización morfológica y ecológica en la delimitación de las especies encontradas.
Métodos: Se realizaron muestreos en secas y lluvias en dos ríos silíceos y tres ríos calcáreos del centro de México. Se registró la temperatura del agua, conductividad específica y pH, se analizaron iones mayores (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Si-SiO2, HCO3-, Cl-, SO43-) y nutrientes (NH4+, NO2-, NO32-, PO43-), se estimó la diversidad de las cianobacterias registradas con el índice de Shannon-Weaver y se describieron sus hábitats y microhábitats. La identificación taxonómica se realizó utilizando literatura especializada.
Resultados clave: Se identificaron cuatro asociaciones y nueve especies pertenecientes a tres órdenes, siete familias y siete géneros. Se distinguieron dos grupos: el formado por Nostoc parmelioides-Coleodesmium wrangelii y Phormidium lividum-Leptolyngbya truncata en ríos silíceos de montaña y el compuesto por Schizothrix mexicana-Phormidium subfuscum, Homoeothrix juliana-Heteroleibleinia fontana y Nostoc verrucosum en ríos calcáreos cálidos. Se reconocieron dos patrones de distribución ecológica: 1) las especies del orden Nostocales presentes en condiciones estresantes de luz y velocidad de corriente y 2) los taxa de los órdenes Oscillatoriales y Synechococcales registrados en sitios con valores promedio de luz y flujo de agua.
Conclusiones: La caracterización morfológica y ecológica de especies de cianobacterias contribuye a su conocimiento ficoflorístico y es la base para futuras investigaciones sobre taxonomía, sistemática y uso sustentable de recursos algales.
Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Anemia in Pregnant Women at the Anutapura Hospital in Palu
Authors: Elfiyunai Ni Nyoman , Tahir Mulyanti M , Farlina Farlina
Published: May 2020

Anemia is considered a public health problem because its prevalence is still high. Anemia can give bad consequences to pregnant women such as susceptible to disease, Low Birth Weight (LBW), influence on work ability, even on severe anemia can result in death. The formulation of the problem in this study is whether there is a relationship of parity, maternal age, consumption of Fe tablets, distance of pregnancy and utilization of antenatal care with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at Anutapura General Hospital, Palu. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of maternal mortality in Anutapura General Hospital, Palu. This type of research is an observational study with a cross sectional study approach. The independent variables in this study are parity, age, pregnancy distance, and the use of antenatal care services, the dependent variable is anemia in pregnant women. Data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis and chi-square and multivariate statistical tests. Sampling using the Purposive sampling method. Samples were 87 respondents.

There was a relationship of parity (p = 0.003), maternal age (p = 0.005), pregnancy distance (p = 0.001) and utilization of antenatal services (p = 0.002) with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at Anutapura General Hospital, Palu. The most dominant factor of Fe tablet consumption where the level of Exp (B) value is 1.594 at 95% CI and lower limit value = 0.585 and upper limit = 4.341 with a significance level = 0.000. related to the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at Anutapura General Hospital, Palu.
Advice to hospitals, especially health workers to provide counseling to pregnant women about the importance of antenatal care visits at least 4 times during pregnancy, in order to meet the needs of iron tablets during pregnancy.
Recruiting Student Health Coaches to Improve Digital Blood Pressure Management: Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Vasti Elena , Pletcher Mark J
Published: May 2020

Background

Hypertension is a significant problem in the United States, affecting 1 in 3 adults aged above 18 years and is associated with a higher risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke. The prevalence of hypertension has increased in medically underserved areas (MUAs). Mobile health technologies, such as digital self-monitoring devices, have been shown to improve the management of chronic health conditions. However, patients from MUAs have reduced access to these devices because of limited resources and low health literacy. Health coaches and peer training programs are a potentially cost-effective solution for the shortage of physicians available to manage hypertension in MUAs. Activating young people as student health coaches (SHCs) is a promising strategy to improve community health.

Objective

This pilot study aims to assess (1) the feasibility of training high school students as health technology coaches in MUAs and (2) whether the addition of SHCs to digital home monitoring improves the frequency of self-monitoring and overall blood pressure (BP) control.

Methods

In total, 15 high school students completed 3-day health coach training. Patients who had a documented diagnosis of hypertension were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 intervention arms. The QardioArm alone (Q) group was provided a QardioArm cuff only for convenience. The SHC alone (S) group was instructed to meet with a health coach for 30 min once a week for 5 weeks to create action plans for reducing BP. The student+QardioArm (S+Q) group received both interventions.

Results

Participants (n=27) were randomly assigned to 3 groups in a ratio of 9:9:9. All 15 students completed training, of which 40% (6/15) of students completed all the 5 meetings with their assigned patient. Barriers to feasibility included transportation and patient response drop-off at the end of the study. Overall, 92% (11/12) of the students rated their experience as very good or higher and 69% (9/13) reported that this experience made them more likely to go into the medical field. There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of cuff use (S+Q vs Q groups: 37 vs 17; P<.001). Participants in the S+Q group reported better BP control after the intervention compared with the other groups. The average BP at the end of the intervention was 145/84 (SD 9/18) mm Hg, 150/85 (SD 18/12) mm Hg, and 128/69 (SD 20/14) mm Hg in the Q, S, and S+Q groups, respectively.

Conclusions

This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of pairing technology with young student coaches, although challenges existed. The S+Q group used their cuff more than the Q group. Patients were more engaged in the S+Q group, reporting higher satisfaction with their SHC and better control of their BP.
Considerations for Health Researchers Using Social Media for Knowledge Translation: Multiple Case Study
Authors: Elliott Sarah A , Dyson Michele P , Wilkes Gilbert V , Zimmermann Gabrielle L , Chambers Christine T , Wittmeier Kristy DM , Russell Dianne J , Scott Shannon D , Thomson Denise , Hartling Lisa
Published: May 2020

Background

Despite extensive literature describing the use of social media in health research, a gap exists around best practices in establishing, implementing, and evaluating an effective social media knowledge translation (KT) and exchange strategies.

Objective

This study aims to examine successes, challenges, and lessons learned from using social media within health research and to create practical considerations to guide other researchers.

Methods

The Knowledge Translation Platform of the Alberta Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research SUPPORT Unit formed a national working group involving platform staff, academics, and a parent representative with experience using social media for health research. We collected and analyzed 4 case studies that used a variety of social media platforms and evaluation methods. The case studies covered a spectrum of initiatives from participant recruitment and data collection to dissemination, engagement, and evaluation. Methods and findings from each case study as well as barriers and facilitators encountered were summarized. Through iterative discussions, we converged on recommendations and considerations for health researchers planning to use social media for KT.

Results

We provide recommendations for elements to consider when developing a social media KT strategy: (1) set a clear goal and identify a theory, framework, or model that aligns with the project goals and objectives; (2) understand the intended audience (use social network mapping to learn what platforms and social influences are available); (3) choose a platform or platforms that meet the needs of the intended audience and align well with the research team’s capabilities (can you tap into an existing network, and what mode of communication does it support?); (4) tailor messages to meet user needs and platform requirements (eg, plain language and word restrictions); (5) consider timing, frequency, and duration of messaging as well as the nature of interactions (ie, social filtering and negotiated awareness); (6) ensure adequate resources and personnel are available (eg, content creators, project coordinators, communications experts, and audience stakeholder or patient advocate); (7) develop an evaluation plan a priori driven by goals and types of data available (ie, quantitative and qualitative); and (8) consider ethical approvals needed (driven by evaluation and type of data collection).

Conclusions

In the absence of a comprehensive framework to guide health researchers using social media for KT, we provide several key considerations. Future research will help validate the proposed components and create a body of evidence around best practices for using and evaluating social media as part of a KT strategy
Wearable Motion Sensor Device to Facilitate Rehabilitation in Patients With Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis: Pilot Study to Assess Feasibility
Authors: Chen Yu-Pin , Lin Chung-Ying , Tsai Ming-Jr , Chuang Tai-Yuan , Lee Oscar Kuang-Sheng
Published: May 2020

Background

Adhesive capsulitis (AC) of the shoulder is a common disorder that painfully reduces the shoulder range of motion (ROM) among middle-aged individuals. Although physical therapy with home-based exercises is widely advised to restore ROM in the treatment of AC, clinical results vary owing to inconsistent patient compliance.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to verify the feasibility of a treatment model that involves applying a wearable motion sensor device to assist patients conduct home-based exercises to improve training compliance and the accuracy of exercises, with the ultimate goal of improving the functional recovery of patients with AC.

Methods

The motion sensor device was comprised of inertial measurement unit–based sensors and mobile apps for patients and physicians, offering shoulder mobility tracing, home-based exercise support, and progress monitoring. The interrater reliability of shoulder mobility measurement using the motion sensor device on 10 healthy participants and 15 patients with AC was obtained using an intraclass correlation coefficient analysis and compared with the assessments performed by two highly experienced physicians. A pilot prospective control trial was then carried out to allocate the 15 patients with AC to two groups: home-based exercise group and motion sensor–assisted rehabilitation group. Changes in active and passive shoulder ROM, pain and functional scores, and exercise completion rates were compared between the groups during a treatment period of 3 months.

Results

Shoulder ROM, as measured using the motion sensor device, exhibited good to excellent reliability based on the comparison with the measurements of two physicians (intraclass correlation coefficient range, 0.771 to 0.979). Compared with patients with AC in the home-based exercise group, those in the motion sensor–assisted rehabilitation group exhibited better shoulder mobility and functional recovery and a higher exercise completion rate during and after 3 months of rehabilitation.

Conclusions

Motion sensor device–assisted home-based rehabilitation for the treatment of AC is a useful treatment model for telerehabilitation that enhances the compliance of patients through training, thus improving functional recovery. This helps overcome important obstacles in physiotherapy at home by providing comprehensible and easily accessible exercise instructions, enhancing compliance, ensuring the correctness of exercise, and monitoring the progress of patients.
Clinical Characteristics of an Internet-Based Cohort of Patient-Reported Diagnosis of Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis and Microscopic Polyangiitis: Observational Study
Authors: Springer Jason Michael , Kermani Tanaz A , Sreih Antoine , Shaw Dianne G , Young Kalen , Burroughs Cristina M , Merkel Peter A
Published: May 2020

Background

Utilizing the traditional centers of excellence approach to conduct clinical trials involving rare diseases remains challenging. Patient-based registries have been shown to be both feasible and valid in several other diseases.

Objective

This report outlines the clinical characteristics of a large internet registry cohort of participants with a self-reported diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis or microscopic polyangiitis.

Methods

Patients with a self-reported diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis or microscopic polyangiitis in an internet-based prospective longitudinal cohort (from the Vasculitis Patient-Powered Research Network) were included. Data on symptoms, diagnostic testing, and treatment were collected using standardized questionnaires.

Results

The study compared patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (n=762) and patients with microscopic polyangiitis (n=164). Of the cohort, 97.7% (904/925) reported the diagnosis had been confirmed by a physician. Compared to microscopic polyangiitis, patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis reported significantly more ear, nose, and throat manifestations (granulomatosis with polyangiitis: 641/723, 88.7%; microscopic polyangiitis: 89/164, 54.3%; z=10.42, P<.001), fevers (granulomatosis with polyangiitis: 325/588, 55.3%; microscopic polyangiitis: 64/139, 46.0%; z=1.96, P=.05), joint involvement (granulomatosis with polyangiitis: 549/688, 79.8%; microscopic polyangiitis: 106/154, 68.8%; z=2.96, P=.003), and pulmonary involvement (granulomatosis with polyangiitis: 523/734, 71.3%; microscopic polyangiitis: 90/154, 58.4%; z=3.13, P=.002). Compared to microscopic polyangiitis, patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis reported significantly less renal involvement (granulomatosis with polyangiitis: 457/743, 61.5%; microscopic polyangiitis: 135/163, 82.8%; z=–5.18, P<.001) and renal transplantation (granulomatosis with polyangiitis: 10/721, 1.4%; microscopic polyangiitis: 7/164, 4.3%; z=–2.43, P=.02). Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity was reported in 94.2% (652/692) of patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis and 96.1% (147/153) of patients with microscopic polyangiitis. A biopsy showing vasculitis was reported in 77.0% (562/730) of patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis and 81.9% (131/160) of patients with microscopic polyangiitis.

Conclusions

In this large, internet-based cohort of patients with a self-reported diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis or microscopic polyangiitis, disease manifestations were consistent with expectations for each type of vasculitis. Given the rarity of these and other vasculitides, conducting some types of research through internet-based registries may provide an efficient alternative to inperson, center-of-excellence clinical trials.
The Cyclic Value-Context Reinforcement Model of Problematic Internet Use: Empirical Validation Using a Thematic Analysis of Children’s Counseling Data
Authors: Doh Young Yim , Kim Bugeun , Lee Seul , Gweon Gahgene
Published: May 2020

Background

Research on problematic internet use has focused on devising diagnostic criteria or describing the factors that influence internet overuse. However, a paradigm shift is necessary in studying the phenomenon of increased internet use not just from a pathological point of view but also from a developmental point of view that considers children’s behavior of adapting to a technology-oriented society.

Objective

In this paper, we propose the Cyclic Value-Context Reinforcement Model (CVCRM) to understand problematic internet use behavior. The purpose of our study was to construct a developmental process model that provides a holistic understanding of problematic internet use behavior of children and to empirically validate the proposed model by conducting a thematic analysis on actual counseling data.

Methods

To validate the CVCRM, we conducted thematic analysis using the counseling data from 312 Korean children aged 7-18 years. For the coding process, 7 master’s and doctoral student researchers participated as coders, and 2 professors supervised the coding process and results.

Results

This project was funded from October 2015 to September 2019 to analyze counseling data from 312 children who participated in counseling sessions during January 2012 to May 2014. Based on the data analysis, we present the CVCRM, which integrates existing theoretical approaches and encompasses the 3 interacting aspects that induce and reinforce problematic internet use in children: psychosocial value, environmental context, and internet utility. Specifically, using counseling data, we empirically ascertained that problematic internet use behavior feeds into children’s psychosocial values and environmental contexts, which in turn facilitates problematic internet use in a cyclical manner.

Conclusions

Through this empirical validation, the CVCRM can provide a theoretical framework and an integrated perspective on the developmental mechanism of problematic internet use behavior of children.
Technology-Based Interventions in Oral Anticoagulation Management: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Dai Hengfen , Zheng Caiyun , Lin Chun , Zhang Yan , Zhang Hong , Chen Fan , Liu Yunchun , Xiao Jingwen , Chen Chaoxin
Published: May 2020

Background

An increasing number of patients have received prophylactic or therapeutic oral anticoagulants (OACs) for thromboembolic complications of diseases. The use of OACs is associated with both clinical benefits and risks. Considering the challenges imposed by this class of drugs, as well as the enormous progress made in portable device technology, it is possible that technology-based interventions may improve clinical benefits for patients and optimize anticoagulation management.

Objective

This study was designed to comprehensively evaluate the role of technology-based interventions in the management of OACs.

Methods

We searched 6 databases—PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, and PsycINFO—to retrieve relevant studies published as of November 1, 2019, to evaluate the effect of technology-based interventions on oral anticoagulation management. RevMan (version 5.3; Cochrane) software was used to evaluate and analyze clinical outcomes. The methodological quality of studies was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool.

Results

A total of 15 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected for analysis. They reported data for 2218 patients (1110 patients in the intervention groups and 1108 patients in the control groups). A meta-analysis was performed on the effectiveness and safety data reported in the RCTs. Technology-based interventions significantly improved the effectiveness of oral anticoagulation management (mean difference [MD]=6.07; 95% CI 0.84-11.30; I2=72%; P=.02). The safety of oral anticoagulation management was also improved, but the results were not statistically significant. Bleeding events were reduced (major bleeding events MD=1.02; 95% CI 0.78-1.32; I2=0%; P=.90; minor bleeding events MD=1.06, 95% CI 0.77-1.44; I2=41%; P=.73) and thromboembolism events were reduced (MD=0.71; 95% CI 0.49-1.01; I2=0%; P=.06). In general, patients were more satisfied with technology-based interventions, which could also improve their knowledge of anticoagulation management, improve their quality of life, and reduce mortality and hospitalization events.

Conclusions

Using technology to manage OACs can improve the effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulation management, result in higher patient satisfaction, and allow greater understanding of anticoagulation.
Implementation of a Standardized Initial Assessment for Demand Management in Outpatient Emergency Care in Germany: Early Qualitative Process Evaluation
Authors: Roth Catharina , Breckner Amanda , Paulus Jan , Wensing Michel
Published: May 2020

Background

Inadequate assessment of the severity and urgency of medical problems is one of the factors contributing to unnecessary emergency department (ED) visits. The implementation of a software-based instrument for standardized initial assessment—Standardisierte medizinische Ersteinschätzung in Deutschland (SmED) (Standardized medical Initial Assessment in Germany in English)—aims to support health care professionals and steer patients toward the right health care provider. This study aimed to explore the implementation process of SmED from a user perspective.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the overall perception of SmED by health care professionals using the software, to examine to what extent SmED influences the workload and work routines of health care professionals, and to determine which factors are associated with the use of SmED.

Methods

An early qualitative process evaluation on the basis of interviews was carried out alongside the implementation of SmED in 26 outpatient emergency care services within 11 federal states in Germany. Participants were 30 health care professionals who work with SmED either at the joint central contact points of the outpatient emergency care service and the EDs of hospitals (ie, the Joint Counter; Gemeinsamer Tresen in German) or at the initial telephone contact points of the outpatient emergency care service (phone number 116117). Matrix-based framework analysis was applied to analyze the interview data.

Results

Health care professionals perceived that workload increased initially, due to additional time needed per patient. When using SmED more frequently and over a longer time period, its use became more routine and the time needed per call, per patient, decreased. SmED was perceived to support decision making regarding urgency for medical treatment, but not all types of patients were eligible. Technical problems, lack of integration with other software, and lack of practicability during peak times affected the implementation of SmED.

Conclusions

Initial experiences with SmED were positive, in general, but also highlighted organizational issues that need to be addressed to enhance sustainability.

Trial Registration

German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00017014; https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00017014