bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prawo do sądu a oddalenie oczywiście bezzasadnego powództwa w świetle projektu zmian z 27.11.2017 r. do Kodeksu postępowania cywilnego
Authors: Piaskowska Olga
Published: December 2020

Artykuł omawia propozycję zawartą w projekcie nowelizacji z 27.11.2017 r. do Kodeksu postępowania cywilnego, tj. wprowadzenie do postępowania cywilnego dopuszczalności oddalenia roszczenia jako oczywiście bezzasadnego na posiedzeniu niejawnym w aspekcie zapewnienia i realizacji prawa jednostki do sądu. Autorka stawia tezę, że w świetle projektowanego art. 1911 Kodeksu postępowania cywilnego o „oczywistej bezzasadności” w rozumieniu tego przepisu można mówić jedynie w sytuacji, w której roszczenie powoda nie jest znane prawu. W przeciwnym razie, tj. w przypadku zbyt szerokiego zrozumienia tej instytucji, oddalenie powództwa jako „oczywiście bezzasadnego” może prowadzić do naruszenia prawa jednostki do sądu w świetle art. 6 EKPC.
Europejski standard ochrony praw osób zatrzymanych w świetle nadużyć władzy przez funkcjonariuszy policji
Authors: Mróz Katarzyna
Published: December 2020

Celem badawczym jest analiza granic proporcjonalności działań podejmowanych przez funkcjonariuszy policji w postępowaniu karnym przeciwko osobom zatrzymanym. Analizie poddano przypadki niewłaściwego traktowania osób zatrzymanych przez funkcjonariuszy policji oraz przesłuchiwanych na komisariatach policji. W badaniach podjęto próbę oszacowania liczby spraw, w których wszczęto postępowanie karne przeciwko funkcjonariuszom policji z art. 246 k.k. w związku z nieludzkim lub poniżającym traktowaniem. Autorka zamierza odpowiedzieć na pytanie, jaka jest skala nadużyć w działalności funkcjonariuszy policji oraz czy zasadne są zarzuty formułowane pod ich adresem przez osoby, wobec których podjęta została określona interwencja. Celem badań jest zweryfikowanie, czy obecnie istniejące systemy karnoprocesowe zabezpieczają w pełni obywateli przed naruszeniem ich prawa do wolności oraz słusznych interesów w wyniku działań organów procesowych. Założeniem autorki jest sprawdzenie, czy środki kontrolno-represyjne, podejmowane z myślą o wzmocnieniu bezpieczeństwa, implikują zagrożenie podstawowych praw człowieka poprzez nieproporcjonalnie duże możliwości wprowadzania restrykcji i ograniczeń wolności. Zakreślona w publikacji problematyka badawcza wpływa na wykorzystanie następujących metod badawczych: formalno-dogmatycznej, analizy treści oraz metody statystycznej.
The conservation objectives of the Natura 2000 area in the light of law and case law
Authors: Habuda Adam
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the issue of conservation objectives of the Natura 2000 area. The basis for their analysis is the Habitats Directive and the Polish Act on Nature Conservation together with plans of conservation tasks. It is a key legal instrument for the proper management of the Natura 2000 area and the European network of Natura 2000 sites. Its importance is recognized in the legal interpretations made by the Court of Justice and non-binding documents of the European Commission. However, the question should be asked whether such an important, and indeed fundamental for Natura 2000, institution should not be clearer and more precisely regulated by the European legislator. Lack of unambiguous norms of the directive may cause discrepancies in defining the objectives of Natura 2000 protection both at the level of various EU Member States and at the national level – in relation to individual Natura 2000 areas in a given country.
Intelligent Optimization based on Machine Learning: State of Art and Perspectives (A Survey)
Authors: Donskoy V. I.
Published: December 2020

This survey focuses on the following problem: it is necessary, observing the behaviour of the object, automatically figure out how to improve (optimize) the quality of his functioning and to identify constraints to the improvement of this quality. In other words, build the objective function (or set of objective functions in multiobjective case) and constraints - i.e. the mathematical model of optimization - by mean machine learning. We present the main developed to date methods and algorithms that enable the automatic construction of mathematical models of planning and management objects by the use of arrays of precedents. The construction of empirical optimization models by reliable case information allows us to obtain an objective control model that reflects real-world processes. This is their main advantage compared to the traditional, subjective approach to the construction of control models. Relevant to the task a set of mathematical methods and information technologies called ``Extraction optimization models from data'', ``BOMD: Building Optimization Models from Data'', ``Building Models from Data'', ``The LION Way: Learning plus Intelligent Optimization'', ``Data-Driven Optimization''. The incompleteness of information and uncertainty are understood in different ways. Significantly different are the problem settings - deterministic, stochastic, parametric, mixed. Therefore, the consideration of a wider range of tasks leads to a variety of (primarily statistical) and other formulations of the problem and interpretations of uncertainty and incompleteness of initial information. The survey contains the following sections:
Empirical synthetic of pseudoBoolean models;
Empirical linear models with real variables;
Empirical neural network optimization models;
Iterative models;
Models, including statistical statements;
Problems, associated with the lack of the training set of points not belonging to the region of feasible solutions.
Comparison of Transarterial Bland and Chemoembolization for Neuroendocrine Tumours: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tai E. , Kennedy S. , Farrell A. , Jaberi A. , Kachura J. , Beecroft R.
Published: December 2020

Background: Treatment of hepatic metastases from neuroendocrine tumours improves survival and symptom relief. Hepatic arterial embolotherapy techniques include transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and bland embolization (TAE). The relative efficacy of the techniques is controversial. The purpose of the present study was to use a meta-analysis and systematic review to compare tace with TAE in the treatment of hepatic metastases. Methods: A literature search identified studies comparing TACE and TAE for treatment of hepatic metastases. Outcomes of interest included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), radiographic response, complications, and symptom control. The hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were estimated and pooled. Results: Eight studies and 504 patients were included. No statistically significant differences between TACE and TAE were observed for OS at 1, 2, and 5 years or for HRs [1-year OR: 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.27 to 1.94; p < 0.52; 2-year OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.43 to 1.11; p < 0.12; 5-year OR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.37 to 2.24; p < 0.85; HR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.73 to 1.24; p < 0.74]. No statistically significant differences between TACE and TAE were observed for PFS at 1, 2, and 5 years or for HRs (1-year OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.38 to 1.55; p < 0.30; 2-year OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.33 to 2.06; p < 0.69; 5-year OR: 0. 91; 95% CI: 0.37 to 2.24; p < 0.85; HR: 0.99–1.74; 95% CI: 0.74 to 1.73; p < 0.97). Both techniques are safe and effective for symptom control. Conclusions: No statistically significant differences between TACE and TAE were observed for OS and PFS.
A Population-Based Study of Pulmonary Monitoring and Toxicity for Patients with Testicular Cancer Treated with Bleomycin
Authors: Raphael M.J. , Lougheed M.D. , Wei X. , Karim S. , Robinson A.G. , Bedard P.L. , Booth C.M.
Published: December 2020

Background：Bleomycin is commonly used to treat advanced testicular cancer and can be associated with severe pulmonary toxicity. The primary objective of the present study was to describe the use of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and chest imaging before, during, and after treatment with bleomycin. Methods: To identify all incident cases of testicular cancer treated with bleomycin-based chemotherapy in the Canadian province of Ontario during 2005–2010, the Ontario Cancer Registry was linked with chemotherapy treatment records. Health administrative databases were used to describe use of PFTs, chest imaging, and physician visits for respiratory complaints. Results: Of 394 patients treated with orchiectomy and chemotherapy who received at least 1 dose of bleomycin, 93% had complete chemotherapy records available. In the 4 weeks before, during, and within 2 years after finishing bleomycin-based chemotherapy, pfts were performed in 17%, 17%, and 29% of patients respectively. Chest imaging was performed in 68%, 62%, and 98% of patients in the same time periods. In the 2 years after bleomycin-based chemotherapy, 23% of treated patients had a physician visit for respiratory symptoms. That rate was substantially higher for men with greater exposure to bleomycin: 40% (24 of 60) for 10–12 doses bleomycin compared with 21% (53 of 250) for 7–9 doses and with 14% (8 of 58) for 1–6 doses (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Quality improvement initiatives are needed to increase baseline rates of chest imaging within 4 weeks of starting chemotherapy for testicular cancer; to understand why such a high proportion of men have chest imaging during bleomycin-based chemotherapy; and to mitigate the excess pulmonary toxicity seen with increasing exposure to bleomycin.
THE EFFECT OF FDI ON PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN THE SOUTHEAST REGION OF VIETNAM
Authors: Bổn Nguyễn Văn
Published: December 2020

The Southeast region of Vietnam is the most dynamic economic area of the country and contributes the most to state budget revenue. Every year, this area attracts a high volume of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows with the establishment of more industrial zones, export processing zones, and high technology parks. Do FDI inflows into this area crowd out/in private investment? This study uses the general method of moments (GMM) Arellano-Bond estimator to empirically investigate the effect of FDI inflows on private investment in the Southeast region from 2005 to 2018. The FE-IV estimator is employed to check the robustness of the estimates. The results show that FDI inflows crowd in private investment in this area. In addition, inflation increases private investment but infrastructure decreases it. The findings in this study provide some crucial policy implications for local governments in the Southeast region to attract more FDI inflows and stimulate more private investment.
Paradigma Bahagia Itu Mencerdaskan Ikhtiar Membangun Kemerdekaan Belajar Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Handayani Eka Putri , Rohman Arif
Published: December 2020

Paradigma Bahagia Itu Mencerdaskan bertalian erat dengan program Merdeka Belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan paradigma Bahagia Itu Mencerdaskan dalam kaitannya dengan membangun kemerdekaan belajar anak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode evaluasi, dengan model Input-Proses-Output-Outcome (IPOO). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paradigma Bahagia Itu Mencerdaskan merupakan langkah baru dalam memahami esensi belajar yang sesungguhnya. Peserta didik hanya bisa belajar dengan baik bilamana dalam suasana hati, iklim belajar dan dukungan lingkungan yang membahagiakan. Dengan belajar dalam situasi bahagia maka akan berdampak pada kecerdasan peserta didik, baik kecerdasan kognitif, afektif maupun psikomotoriknya.
Dependence of the Old Star Clusters’ Dynamical Clock on the Host Galaxy Gravitational Field
Authors: Piatti Andrés E.
Published: December 2020

I report outcomes of the analysis of the A
+ parameter, which measures the level of radial segregation of blue straggler stars in old star clusters, commonly known as the dynamical clock for the long-term internal dynamical evolution. I used A
+ values available in the literature for 48 Milky Way globular clusters. I found that the relationship of A
+ and the number of central relaxation times which have elapsed (N
relax) shows a non negligible dependence on the strength of the host galaxy gravitational potential, in addition to depending on the two-body relaxation mechanism. Indeed, a measured A
+ value corresponds to relatively smaller or larger N
relax values for star clusters located farther or closer to the galaxy center. From an observational point of view, this finding reveals the possibility of disentangling for the first time the dynamical evolutionary stage due to two-body relaxation and tidal effect, that affect the whole star clusters’ body concurrently.
GN-z11-flash in the Context of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
Authors: Kann D. A. , Blazek M. , de Ugarte Postigo A. , Thöne C. C.
Published: December 2020

The recently discovered rapid transient GN-z11-flash has been suggested to be the prompt-emission ultraviolet (UV) flash associated with a gamma-ray burst (GRB) serendipitously exploding in the ultra-high-z galaxy GN-z11. We here place the flash into the context of the early UV emission of GRBs, and find it is in agreement with the luminosity distribution of these events.
Exploring Trans-Neptunian Space with TESS: A Targeted Shift-stacking Search for Planet Nine and Distant TNOs in the Galactic Plane
Authors: Rice Malena , Laughlin Gregory
Published: December 2020

We present results from a new pipeline custom-designed to search for faint, undiscovered solar system bodies using full-frame image data from the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission. This pipeline removes the baseline flux of each pixel before aligning and coadding frames along plausible orbital paths of interest. We first demonstrate the performance of the pipeline by recovering the signals of three trans-Neptunian objects—90377 Sedna (V = 20.64), 2015 BP519 (V = 21.81), and 2007 TG422 (V = 22.32)—both through shift-stacking along their known sky-projected paths and through a blind recovery. We then apply this blind-search procedure in a proof-of-concept survey of TESS Sectors 18 and 19, which extend through a portion of the Galactic plane in the Northern Hemisphere. We search for dim objects at geocentric distances d = 70–800 au in a targeted search for Planet Nine and any previously unknown detached Kuiper Belt objects that may shed light on the Planet Nine hypothesis. With no input orbital information, our present pipeline can reliably recover the signals of distant solar system bodies in the Galactic plane with V < 21 and current distances d ≲ 150 au, and we elaborate on paths forward to push these limits in future optimizations. The methods described in this paper will serve as a foundation for an all-sky shift-stacking survey of the distant solar system with TESS.
Comparative karyotype study of three Cyprinids (Cyprinidae, Cyprininae) in Thailand by classical cytogenetic and FISH techniques
Authors: Phimphan Sumalee , Chaiyasan Patcharaporn , Suwannapoom Chatmongkon , Reungsing Montri , Juntaree Sippakorn , Tanomtong Alongklod , Supiwong Weerayuth
Published: December 2020

Three species of ornamental fishes in the subfamily Cyprininae (family Cyprinidae) namely, Epalzeorhynchos frenatum (Fowler, 1934), Puntigrus partipentazona (Fowler, 1934), Scaphognathops bandanensis Boonyaratpalin et Srirungroj, 1971 were studied by classical cytogenetic and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. Chromosomes were directly prepared from kidney tissues and stained by using conventional and Ag-NOR banding techniques. Microsatellite d(CA)15 and d(CGG)10 probes were hybridized to the chromosomes of three cyprinids. The results show that the three cyprinid species share the same diploid number as 2n=50 but there are differences in the fundamental number (NF) and karyotypes i.e. E. frenatum: NF = 78, 18m+10sm+10st+12a; P. partipentazona: NF = 80, 6m+24sm+14st+6a; S. bandanensis: NF = 66, 4m+12sm+34a. NOR positive masks were observed at the regions adjacent to the telomere of the short arm of the chromosome pairs 10 (submetacentric) and 1 (metacentric) in E. frenatum and P. partipentazona, respectively whereas those were revealed at telomeric regions of the long arm of the chromosome pair 9 (acrocentric) in S. bandanensis. The mapping of d(CA)15 and d(CGG)10 microsatellites shown that hybridization signals are abundantly distributed in telomeric regions of several pairs except d(CA)15 repeats in S. bandanensis, which are distributed throughout all chromosomes and d(CGG)10 repeats in P. partipentazona display the high accumulation only in the first chromosome pair.
An updated checklist of Nepalese ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Authors: Subedi Indra Prasad , Budha Prem Bahadur , Bharti Himender , Alonso Leeanne
Published: December 2020

The location of Nepal in the Central Himalaya promotes high habitat and species diversity. Ant diversity is likely high, but there have been few studies of the diversity and distribution of ants in Nepal. Here we present an updated checklist list of Nepalese ants that includes 128 named species in 48 genera and eight subfamilies. Among these species, 21 species have a type locality from Nepal, nine species are endemic to Nepal, and three are introduced species. We add six new ant records for Nepal, namelyHarpegnathos venator,Monomorium pharaonis,Nylanderia bourbonica,Odontoponera denticulata,Polyrhachis tyrannicaandPseudoneoponera bispinosa. The checklist presents distribution records for Nepalese ant species and provides comparisons with the neighboring countries of China and India.
Dexamethasone serum concentrations after intravenous administration in horses during race training
Authors: McClure S. , Fenger C. , Kersh K. , Brown B. , Maylin G. , Duer W. , Dirikolu L , Brewer K. , Machin J. , Tobin T.
Published: December 2020

Dexamethasone (DXM) sodium phosphate is a widely used corticosteroid for inflammatory conditions in horses, regulated in racing jurisdictions in the USA by a 0.005 ng/ml serum/plasma threshold. This study seeks to describe serum concentrations of DXM at 48 and 72 h after intravenous administration of 20 mg DXM sodium phosphate over 1 to 5 days, and to identify a possible source of DXM overages. 74 horses (39 Thoroughbreds, 13 Standardbreds, 22 Quarter Horses) in active race training received 20 mg DXM sodium phosphate. Serum was collected before injection, at 48 and 72 h post last injection, and analysed by LC/MS-MS (limit of quantification (LOQ) = 2.5 pg/ml). No differences were identified by ANOVA (P≤0.05) for racing breeds, age, gender or the number of days of DXM sodium phosphate administration, so data were pooled for each time point. The DXM serum concentration at 48 h (mean ± standard deviation, range) was 2.18±1.56 pg/ml (<2.5 to 40 pg/ml). Summary statistics could not be derived for 72 h DXM serum concentration data owing to censored data, but ranged from <2.5 to 95.8 pg/ml. There was one extreme outlier (Tukey) at 48 h, and two extreme outliers at 72 h. A separate study was conducted using sedentary experimental horses to determine the likelihood that positive DXM samples could result from environmental transfer. Urine was collected from a mare 2 to 3 h post administration of 20 mg DXM. Hay with 100 ml of the DXM (17 ng/ml) containing urine was offered to each of six experimental horses and blood was collected at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 h. All six horses had plasma DXM concentration above the limit of detection and five of six had plasma DXM concentrations above the LOQ for at least one sample time.
¿Hacia la unidad de Hispania? Explicaciones sociales a las ofensivas militares visigodas en la Península Ibérica (siglos VI-VIII)
Authors: Poveda Arias Pablo
Published: December 2020

La guerra y la conquista fueron dos elementos claramente presentes en el proceso de construcción del reino visigodo hispano. El presente trabajo pretende ofrecer explicaciones alternativas al expansionismo territorial de los visigodos en Hispania por la vía armada, considerando las campañas ofensivas visigodas no como la consecuencia última de un proyecto secular dirigido a la consecución de la unidad peninsular bajo soberanía goda, sino de motivaciones mucho más inmediatas, que distaban del maximalismo. En este sentido, y sirviéndonos de los postulados de la historia social y de la antropología consagrada al estudio de la guerra, pondremos de relieve el papel de las motivaciones personales de los monarcas, en concreto su búsqueda de supervivencia política, y de las colectivas de la comitiva armada, en especial sus ansias de botín, como móviles principales de la actividad militar ofensiva visigoda.
Application of Mobile Technologies in Foreign Language Learners’ Project Activity
Authors: Ivanova Rimma , Ivanov Andrey , Nikonova Zhanna
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the specific features of project work organization in English classes with blended mobile learning with the participation of students who previously haven't studied foreign languages or had school experience in learning other foreign languages – German or French. The relevance of the proposed work is caused by the application of the project method on the basis of mobile technologies that promotes the development of oral communication skills in the most effective way, taking into account the individual characteristics of the student and allows him in the future conducting a free conversation in a foreign language. The novelty of the methodology used lies in the complex application of systemic and integrative approaches using mobile technologies to the formation of oral skills in a foreign language. The hypothesis of the study that the application of the proposed teaching method contributes to a stable average for all students to improve the quality of knowledge throughout the entire period of study was fully confirmed. Student’s participation in the project work and the use of mobile technology to share information and knowledge are an independent creative activity that ends with the creation of a fully communicative and linguistically correct speech message. Free speech in a foreign language based on students own multimedia product is considered as a practical result of using an intensive method of teaching a foreign language from scratch.
Ciência escolar, tecnologia e meio ambiente: interesses e opiniões de alguns estudantes de Cuiabá-MT
Authors: Oliveira Graciela Silva
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os interesses e opiniões de estudantes matriculados no 1o ano do Ensino Médio, em escolas públicas de Cuiabá/MT, acerca de temas científicos, das aulas de ciências, tecnologia e meio ambiente. Participaram da pesquisa 452 estudantes, e os dados foram coletados através da aplicação de questionários e analisados com auxílio do pacote estatístico Software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), versão 18.0. Os resultados revelam que há entre os estudantes cuiabanos uma predisposição positiva diante da ciência escolar, a maioria concorda com os benefícios da ciência e tecnologia e demonstra preocupação com o ambiente, no entanto, o melhor entendimento da natureza da ciência e o trabalho científico ampliariam esse envolvimento para relações mais autônomas e críticas com o seu cotidiano.
Paradoxos das políticas identitárias: (des)racialização como estratégia quilombista do comum
Authors: Souza Tadeu de Paula , Damico Jose Geraldo , David Emiliano de Camargo
Published: December 2020

Este artigo parte do pressuposto que as políticas identitárias serão necessárias até quando as desigualdades sociais estiverem relacionadas à algumas identidades. Contudo, a noção de identidade tem sido criticada ao longo dos anos pelo pensamento europeu que analisa o Estado Moderno Capitalista, em campos do saber como filosofia, psicologia e psicanálise. Este saber crítico foi importado colonialmente para o Brasil, fazendo com que as pautas identitárias dos movimentos sociais negros, muitas vezes, sejam desconsideradas por esses campos, posição confortável porque mantém o status quo da branquitude brasileira. Esse artigo apresenta algumas contribuições para a formulação de um sistema-mundo onde a raça não sustentará as desigualdades sociais. Para tanto, contraditoriamente será necessário racializar àqueles que se entendem modelo universal de humanidade. Por meio de revisão de literatura, discutimos a cosmologia do privado (com base nos mitos de origem europeus, com ênfase no mito do contrato-social e o mito do capital inicial), e apresentamos a proposta/resposta de sociedade individualista, acumulativa e egoísta forjada por essa cosmologia. Como revés a essa lógica de mundo, propomos uma cosmologia do comum (com base nos mitos Yorubás, em destaque a tríade Emì, Ofò, Asé) no combate do primado da razão colonial, enquanto perspectiva filosófica que preserva a espiritualidade e, acima de tudo, sustenta uma proposta política aquilombada de civilização.
ESTILO DE VIDA E BARREIRAS PARA A PRÁTICA DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA DE DOCENTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS
Authors: Cardoso Berta Leni Costa , Almeida Ariane Ramos de , Rodrigues Geyse Magalhães , Pinto Fagundes Heldina Pereira , Nunes Cláudio Pinto
Published: December 2020

Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar o Estilo de Vida e as barreiras para a prática de atividade física de docentes universitários. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi composta por 41 docentes de uma universidade pública do sudoeste da Bahia. Utilizou-se dois questionários, o Perfil do Estilo de Vida Individual e o questionário de percepção de barreiras para a prática de atividade física. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa SPSS 22.00.O Estilo de Vida foi considerado negativo para todos os docentes e as principais barreiras identificadas se concentram nas dimensões sociais e comportamental. Conclui-se que, apesar de ter conhecimento sobre a importância de manter um estilo de vida saudável, nenhum docente foi classificado com Estilo de Vida positivo e que quanto maior o índice negativo do estilo de vida, maior era o número de barreiras para a prática de atividade física.
IMPACTO DA PANDEMIA DO COVID-19 NA EDUCAÇÃO: REFLEXOS NA VIDA DAS FAMÍLIAS
Authors: Grossi Marcia Gorett Ribeiro , Minoda Dalva de Souza Minoda , FONSECA Renata Gadoni Porto
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste artigo foi compreender os impactos da pandemia COVID-19 na educação, sob a perspectiva das famílias cujos filhos estão no Ensino Fundamental I da Rede de Ensino Privada de Belo Horizonte, a qual passou a ofertar suas aulas remotamente. A metodologia foi descritiva com abordagem qualitativa. Quanto aos meios de investigação, este estudo se caracteriza como Survey. Os resultados mostram que o isolamento social e o ensino remoto ofereceram  às famílias a oportunidade de resgatar seu papel educativo. Os pais estão se empenhado muito, a ponto de ficarem exaustos, para ajudar academicamente seus filhos e manter toda a rotina da casa, conciliando as tarefas domésticas com o trabalho formal ou home office. Também percebeu-se que, embora alguns alunos estejam bem com essa situação, a maioria está tendo dificuldade em estudar a distância, estão ansiosos, triste e desmotivados. Sentem a falta da escola, dos amigos e dos professores.
Global inequality in the incidence and mortality rate of melanoma skin cancer according to human development index
Authors: Mohammadbeigi Abolfazl , Khazaei Salman , Veisani Yousef , Delpisheh Ali , Jenabi Ensiyeh
Published: December 2020

Objective

The present study aimed to quantify existing inequalities in melanoma skin cancer (MSC) incidence and mortality between countries with different level of human development index (HDI).

Methods

A descriptive study was conducted based on GLOBOCAN project of the WHO for most countries in the world. Inequality in the age-specific incidence and mortality rates of MC was calculated according to the HDI by using the concentration index (CI) and decomposition of the CI was conducted.

Results

The CI for incidence and mortality rates of MSC was 0.44 (95% CI: 0.38, 0.54) and 0.11 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.21), respectively, which showed that MSC was more concentrated in countries with higher HDI. Expected years of schooling (0.44), mean year of schooling (0.38), and gross national income per 1000 capita (0.17) were the most important contributors of inequality in MSC incidence.

Conclusion

Disparity in melanoma rates was observed across diverse HDI components in different countries. The risk of MCS increased with higher life expectancy at birth, higher mean year of schooling, more expected years of schooling, and higher gross national income per 1000 capita according to the decomposing analysis.
Prevalence of cholinergic urticaria among Egyptian students and its effect on quality of life
Authors: Abdallah Mahmoud A. , Swidan Amr M. , Sharara Manal A.
Published: December 2020

Background

Cholinergic urticaria (CholU) is a type of physical urticaria characterized by pinpoint, highly pruritic heat-associated wheals. The prevalence of CholU ranges in different regions of the world between 0.2 and 11%. The prevalence in Egypt has not been studied before.

Objective

We aimed to study the prevalence and clinical characteristics of CholU among Egyptian students together with assessing the effect of this disease on their quality of life (QOL).

Patients and methods

A total of 400 Egyptian students (20–28 years of age) were surveyed to assess prevalence of CholU among them. Two questionnaires were used, one to study clinical characteristics of the disease, and the other was the dermatology life quality index to assess the effect of this disease on their QOL. Diagnosis was confirmed by exercise provocation test.

Results

The overall prevalence of CholU was 7.5% (30 of 400 students), with most of the affected persons being females (73.3%). In 83.3% of the patients, the disease started in their third decade. Exercise was the most exacerbating factor, with tingling/itching without wheals more commonly occurring on the back. A total of 19 (63.3%) patients reported exacerbation in winter and 20 (66.7%) reported decreased sweating. Overall, 11 (36.7%) patients had a family member with similar condition. Regarding the effect on QOL, 10 (33.3%) patients showed extreme large affection and 17 (56.7%) had large affection.

Conclusion

The study showed a high prevalence of CholU among Egyptian students, and it basically affected their QOL.
Role of autophagy in nonsegmental vitiligo Naguid and Rashed
Authors: Naguib Rehab M. , Rashed Laila A.
Published: December 2020

Background

Vitiligo is a skin and less common hair disease characterized by decline in melanocyte function and depigmentation, with a prevalence of 0.5–1% in most populations. Autophagy is the degradation of components of the cytoplasm within lysosomes. This is distinct from endocytosis-mediated lysosomal degradation of extracellular and plasma membrane proteins.

Aim

The aim was to detect biochemical parameter light chain 3 (LC3) to monitor autophagy in vitiligo skin of patients as compared with normal control persons to evaluate the role of autophagy in the vitiligo pathogenesis.

Materials and methods

This case–control study included 60 patients with vitiligo and 60 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls. Herein, 4 mm punch skin biopsy was taken from every patient (vitiligo lesion) and control and kept in lysis solution for the stability of the studied parameters and was kept frozen at −80°C till analysis of autophagy protein LC3 by qRT PCR.

Results

The level of LC3 in lesional skin of vitiligo was significantly lower as compared with normal control persons.
Clinical Experience of Male Primary Choriocarcinoma at the Samsung Medical Center
Authors: Ji Young Sok , Park Se Hoon
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe objective of this study was to describe and analyze the clinicopathological features of primary choriocarcinoma (PCC) observed in male patients treated at the Samsung Medical Center between 1996 and 2020. Materials and MethodsWe reviewed the clinical records of 14 male patients with PCC retrospectively to assess their demographic, histological, and clinical characteristics at the time of diagnosis as well as identify the treatment outcomes. ResultsThe median age of the patients was 33 years. The primary tumor site was the testicles in seven cases (50%), the mediastinum in six cases (43%), and the brain in one case (7%). The most common metastatic site was the lungs (79%), followed by the brain (43%). All patients with PCC received cytotoxic chemotherapy. Twelve patients had records of their response to cytotoxic chemotherapy; of these 12 patients, eight (8/12, 67%) achieved an objective response, and four (4/12, 33%) achieved stable disease response as the best response during chemotherapy.ConclusionIt is known that most male PCC patients eventually develop resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy and die. Factors such as poor response to chemotherapy, high disease burden, brain metastasis, and hemoptysis at the time of diagnosis are associated with shorter survival time in male PCC patients. Programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 blockade therapy can be a salvage treatment for chemotherapy-resistant male PCC patients.
Fotografia: Grupa polskich studentów i stypendystów. Getynga, lato 1907. Trudne identyfikacje
Authors: Ciesielska Danuta
Published: December 2020

A Group of Polish Students and Scholarship Holders. Göttingen, Summer of 1907: A Photo. Difficult Identifications The article was inspired by a group photo of twelve young Polish scientists, taken in the summer of 1907 in Göttingen. Some of the men portrayed in it – then still scholarship holders and students – gained worldwide fame a few years later, and almost all of them became famous scientists in pre-World War II Poland. The original of the photo, ref. no. ZF.263, was stored in the Archives of Polish Mathematicians in Sopot and is currently in the Central Mathematical Library of the Institute of Mathematics of the Polish Academy of Sciences (CBM IMPAN) in Warsaw. This photograph is a valuable memento for the history of Polish science. The article aims to reestablish the actual faces and names connection of the people in the photo since even renowned experts in photography had problems with their proper identification. The text gives examples of publications with a reproduction of the photo ZF.263 (or part of it) where some people are identified incorrectly.
Astronomiczne zagadki w Historii naturalnej Pliniusza Starszego
Authors: Jóźwicka Maria
Published: December 2020

Astronomical Riddles in the Natural History by Pliny the Elder Gajusz Pliniusz Sekundus, Historia naturalna. T. I: Kosmologia i geografia, księgi II–VI, tekst, wstęp, tłum. i komentarz I. Mikołajczyk, N. Rataj, E. Twarowska-Antczak, K. Antczak, red. I. Mikołajczyk, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UMK, Toruń 2017, ss. 759. Gajusz Pliniusz Sekundus, Historia naturalna. T. II: Antropologia i zoologia, księgi VII–XI, tekst, wstęp, tłum. i komentarz I. Mikołajczyk, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UMK, Toruń 2019, ss. 674. The article presents selected problems related to the Latin-Polish critical edition of the first two volumes of the Natural History by Pliny the Elder. With regard to several passages from this ancient encyclopedia, which are important for the history of astronomy, the text pinpoints the insufficiency and some inaccuracies in the scientific commentary to the second book on cosmology, both in terms of content and sources. On the selected examples from the second volume, pertaining to anthropology and zoology, the article criticizes – in comparison to previous Polish translations – the text of the new one, which is sometimes significantly inconsistent with the Latin original.
Own resources in the light of European Council Conclusions on the MFF and next generation EU
Authors: Buzková Romana
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the system of EU own resources which is currently formed by traditional own resources, VAT-based resource and GNI-based resource. The system and its potential reform have been subject of scientific and political debates for many years. On 21 July 2020, the European Council agreed on the multiannual financial framework 2021-2027 and a specific recovery instrument Next Generation EU. The European Council conclusions also confirmed the need to reform the existing system and to introduce new own resources (e.g. resource based on non-recycled plastic waste). Therefore, this article aims to elaborate on the EU own resources and their future post-2020. The methods of description, analysis, comparison, and synthesis were used for writing this contribution. First, the current system of EU budget revenue is analysed. Second, reform efforts since the establishment of the High Level Group on Own Resources are described. Third, the European Commission’s original proposal from 2018 is compared to the European Council conclusions.
COVID-19 lockdown in Poland – changes in regional and local mobility patterns based on Google Maps data
Authors: Tarkowski Maciej , Puzdrakiewicz Krystian , Jaczewska Joanna , Połom Marcin
Published: December 2020

As no effective treatment or vaccine have yet been developed, the only way to prevent the spread of SARS-Cov-2 is to introduce social distancing measures. Scientific discussion regarding their actual effectiveness and socio-economic consequences has only just begun. Both declining mobility and changes in mobility patterns are obvious effects of social distancing. The main objective of this article is to present spatial diversity of changes in regional and local mobility in Poland with the use of data gathered and provided by Google LCC. As for the regional dimension, the mobility has declined steadily in most of the analysed areas. The regional changes were more visible only in the case of the following categories of areas: grocery & pharmacy and parks. The initial correlation analysis has shown that distribution of those changes more or less reflects spatial voting patterns. Both historical and cultural factors may explain such results, including ingrained habits, collective attitudes towards politics and group values. In the local context, illustrated by the analysis of changes in travel time from housing areas in Gdańsk, Gdynia and Sopot to the business and science centre in Gdańsk-Oliwa, a noticeable yet spatially diversified decrease in drive time (by private car) has been observed. The most significant reduction in travel time was recorded in peripheral areas accessible by high-speed roads which are normally jammed during peak hours. The mobility constraints have led to highly reduced traffic congestion, and consequently, shortened the travel time.
İslamda Namaz ve Beslenme Uygulamalarının Obeziteye Etkileri
Authors: SOYGÜDEN Aydoğan
Published: December 2020

Araştırmanın önemi: Çalışma İslam’da namaz ve beslenme ile ilgili uygulamaların faydalarını ortaya çıkartarak, günümüzde hızla artan obeziteye karşı olumlu etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Araştırmanın amacı: Bu çalışma, İslam’da namaz ve beslenme ile ilgili uygulamaların obeziteye karşı etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın metodu: Çalışma, gerekli literatür taraması yapılarak derleme makale şeklinde hazırlanmıştır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütünün açıkladığı dünya obezite haritası kullanılmıştır. Tablolarda istatiksel yüzdelik oranları verilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları: Dünya sağlık örgütünün açıklamalarına göre obezite insanların yaşam alışkanlıkları ile çok yakından ilgilidir. Gün içerisinde az hareket ve fazla kalori alımı obeziteyi etkileyen en önemli etkendir. Müslüman ülkelerin obezite oranları diğer ülkelere oranla daha yüksektir. Özellikle Müslüman ülke kadınlarının obezite oranları ülke nüfusuna göre %40’lara yaklaşmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonucu: Dini kurallar insanların yaşam şeklini ve sınırlarını belirlemektedir. İslam dininde yaşam şeklimizin nasıl olması gerektiği ile ilgili Kur’an-ı Kerim’de ayetler ve Hz. Muhammed (sav)’in hadisi şerifleri bulunmaktadır. Eğer genetik sebeplerden dolayı rahatsızlığımız bulunmuyorsa, bu ayet ve hadisi şeriflere uyup dikkat ettiğimiz takdirde obeziteye yakalanma ihtimalimizin az olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Catalog of medium and large-sized mammals from the state of Pará, Brazil, housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP)
Authors: Nascimento Fabio Oliveira do , Vendramel Rafaela Lumi
Published: December 2020

The Mammal Collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP) is one of the largest collections of Neotropical mammals in Latin America, housing about 50,000 specimens. One of the most representative series in this collection comes from the Brazilian Amazon Biome. Among the Brazilian Amazon states, Pará was target of several scientific expeditions led by MZUSP researchers, becoming one of the most representative in terms of number of specimens and species richness in the collection. Here we present a list of the medium and large-sized mammal specimens from Pará state housed in the MZUSP, with comments about taxonomy, the conservation status of the species and other associated information. We found 1,910 specimens representing 79 species and nine orders of medium and large-sized mammals from Pará. Among these, 24 species are currently classified as threatened in Brazil. Furthermore, we found some areas with higher concentration of collection localities, such as at the banks of the lower Rio Tapajós and in the northeastern region of the state. The present catalog plays an important role in presenting the currently known biodiversity of medium and large-sized mammals of Pará, also acting as a primary source for systematics, ecological, conservation and biogeographic studies
Yaşam Boyu Öğrenme ve Aktif Yaşlanma Bakış Açısından Üçüncü Yaş Üniversiteleri: İyi Uygulama Örnekleri
Authors: OĞLAK Sema , CANATAN Ayşe
Published: December 2020

Demografik verilere göre yaşlı nüfus tüm dünyada hızla artmaktadır. Tüm dünyada 2050 yılında her beş kişiden birinin 60 yaş ve üstünde olacağı öngörülmektedir. Nüfus yaşlanması, artık önemli bir olgudur ve artan yaşlı nüfus göz önüne alındığında, aktif yaşlanmanın kişisel, aile, toplumsal, hükümet ve küresel düzeydeki önemi anlaşılmaya başlamış ve yaşlı bireylerin kendi yaşamlarında anlam ve memnuniyeti nasıl buldukları sorusu her düzeyde ön plana çıkmıştır. Aktif yaşlanma çabası, yaşlı bireyler için yaşam boyu öğrenmenin (YBÖ) önemi ve geliştirilmesi üzerine dikkatlerin çevrilmesine neden olmuştur. Yaşam boyu öğrenmenin geliştirilmesinin yaşlı bireyler için fiziksel, sosyal ve duygusal yararları olduğuna inanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üçüncü yaş üniversitelerinin (ÜYÜ) mevcut durumunu tanımlamak ve dünyadaki “iyi uygulamaları” değerlendirmektir. Çalışmanınn yöntemi; literatür taranmasına dayalı olarak, ÜYÜ yaşlı bireylerin yaşam boyu öğrenme perspektifinden kazanımları ve aktif yaşlanma üzerindeki etkilerine dayalı bir inceleme çalışması olup en iyi uygulama örneklerine yer verilecektir. ÜYÜ, akran desteği ve bilgi paylaşımına dayanan yaşam boyu öğrenme programı olarak birçok ülkede uygulanmakta olup, sosyal bütünleşmeyi sağlaması ve psikolojik yararları ile yaşlıların kişisel yaşam kalitesini arttırdığı çok sayıda uygulamalarla ortaya konulmuştur. ÜYÜ programlarının, başarılı ve aktif yaşlanma üzerinde önemli etkisinin olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Yaşlılar, ÜYÜ yoluyla hem topluma katılım sağlamakta hem de bilgi ve becerilerini geliştirebilmektedirler.
Sentidos en educación y salud: Prácticas que enriquecen los currículos universitarios
Authors: Jácome Velasco Sandra Jimena , Jaramillo Echeverri Luis Guillermo , Bohórquez Góngora Francisco Fernando
Published: December 2020

Las prácticas de formación profesional enriquecen la comunicación universidad-sociedad-empresa-estado, pues aporta a la pertinencia social universitaria. Este artículo es producto de una investigación la cual tuvo como objetivo: Comprender los sentidos de estudiantes y docentes frente a las prácticas de formación profesional en dos universidades colombianas. El estudio es cualitativo bajo los principios de la Teoría Fundamentada. Se realizaron entrevistas personales y grupos focales a docentes, empleadores, estudiantes y egresados. Los revela lo siguiente: Se otorgan sentidos frente al sí mismo y al otro en un proceso formativo soportado a través de acciones comunicativas de contacto y escucha. Para concluir se deriva que la pertinencia social de las prácticas se fundamenta en trascender la teoría y las técnicas e impulsar procesos de comunicación a través de una escucha sentida que re-crea los currículos para la humanización de la educación y la salud
Gestion universitaria en post-pandemia: Implicaciones para una estrategia de gobierno electrónico
Authors: Corral Mendoza Carlos Eduardo , Izurieta Rubira Ligia María , Macías Vera María Yessenia
Published: December 2020

El ensayo tiene el propósito de reflexionar sobre las implicaciones que una estrategia de gobierno electrónico representa a la gestión de las instituciones universitarias afectadas por la “no presencialidad” durante el periodo de confinamiento generado por el virus COVID 19. Se plantea que una estrategia de gobierno electrónico puede significar  una herramienta que permitirá incorporar valor y modernización a las funciones universitarias hasta ahora desempeñadas, a través del uso intensivo de la virtualización casi total de sus actividades. Como conclusión una estrategia de gobierno electrónico puede guiar los procesos universitarios hacia dos grandes fines: la transformación social y la canalización eficiente de dicho cambio a través del uso intensivo de las TIC y la virtualidad en contextos de aislamiento social.
Гранд-пространства типа Морри
Authors: Samko S.G. , Umarkhadzhiev S.M.
Published: December 2020

The so called grand spaces nowadays are one of the main objects in the theory of function spaces.
Grand Lebesgue spaces were introduced by T. Iwaniec and C. Sbordone in the case of sets $\Omega$ with finite measure $|\Omega|<\infty$, and by the authors in the case $|\Omega|=\infty$. The latter is based on introduction of the notion of grandizer. The idea of "grandization" was also applied in the context of Morrey spaces. In this paper we develop the idea of grandization to more general Morrey spaces $L^{p,q,w}(\mathbb{R}^n)$, known as Morrey type spaces.
We introduce grand Morrey type spaces, which include mixed and partial grand versions of such spaces.
The mixed grand space is defined by the norm
$$
\sup_{\varepsilon,\delta} \varphi(\varepsilon,\delta)\sup_{x\in E}
\left(\int\limits_{0}^{\infty}{w(r)^{q-\delta}}b(r)^{\frac{\delta}{q}}
\left(\,\int\limits_{|x-y|<r}\big|f(y)\big|^{p-\varepsilon}
a(y)^{\frac{\varepsilon}{p}}\,dy\right)^{\frac{q-\delta}{p-\varepsilon}} \frac{dr}{r}\right)^{\frac{1}{q-\varepsilon}}
$$
with the use of two grandizers $a$ and $b$.
In the case of grand spaces, partial with respect to the exponent $q$, we study the boundedness of some integral operators. The class of these operators contains, in particular, multidimensional versions of Hardy type and Hilbert operators.
Новый численный метод решения нелинейных стохастических интегральных уравнений
Authors: Zeghdane R.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper is to propose the Chebyshev cardinal functions for solving Volterra stochastic integral equations. The method is based on expanding the required approximate solution as the element of Chebyshev cardinal functions. Though the way, a new operational matrix of integration is derived for the mentioned basis functions. More precisely, the unknown solution is expanded in terms of the Chebyshev cardinal functions including undetermined coefficients.
By substituting the mentioned expansion in the original problem, the operational matrix reducing the stochastic integral
equation to system of algebraic equations. The convergence and error analysis of the etablished method are investigated in Sobolev space. The method is numerically evaluated by solving test problems caught from the literature by which the computational efficiency of the method is demonstrated. From the computational point of view, the solution obtained by this method is in excellent agreement with those obtained by other works and it is efficient to use for different problems.