bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The new words kids hear from translated picturebooks.
Authors: Araújo Luísa , de Almeida Leite Sara , Brito Rita , Esteves Sandrina
Published: April 2022

This study shows how the language in translated picturebooks is enriched by the use of rare words. We document how the translation of picturebooks from English to Portuguese results in the use of rare words in Portuguese. Evidence indicates that children learn new vocabulary through readings of picturebooks (Noble et al., 2019) and that translators make choices that contribute to the use of rare words (Ketola, 2018). The sample of 86 picturebooks was selected from a list recommended by the Portuguese national reading plan for 3-5-year-olds. The identification of rare words was done using a frequency analysis in both Portuguese, using ESCOLEX, and English, using the ChildFreq tool. Findings indicate that translated picturebooks use rich and varied lexicon and include an average of 6.6 rare words. Twenty-two percent of these words originate from literal and non-literal translations and are not rare in the original texts. This indicates that the process of translation contributes to increasing children's exposure to rare words.
Opportunities for correction of individual links of the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma with assessment of the quality of life of patients
Authors: Korkmazov M. Yu. , Lengina M. A. , Dubinets I. D. , Korkmazov A. M. , Smirnov A. A.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. One of the antileukotriene drugs for the treatment of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis with and without polyposis is montelukast. The presented article presents the  results of  the analysis of  the effectiveness, safety and impact on the quality of life of patients, the use of the singular, in various forms of allergic rhinitis and associated comorbid conditions.

Aim of the study. To assess the impact on the quality of life of patients, the effectiveness and safety of the use of montelukast in the complex therapy of patients with allergic rhinitis and comorbid diseases.

Materials and methods.A simple, blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial involved 97 patients divided into 4 groups: patients with moderate allergic rhinitis; allergic rhinitis of moderate severity and bronchial asthma; severe allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma; severe allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma and polypous rhinosinusitis. In parallel with the comparison of drug tolerability, safety and clinical symptoms (rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, itching, sneezing, bronchopulmonary manifestations), the quality of life was assessed using a special SNOT-22 questionnaire.

Results. The use of the antileukotriene drug montelukast in the complex therapy of allergic rhinitis and related comorbid conditions significantly improved the clinical symptoms and quality of life of patients over the entire period of treatment in all groups. There was an increase in the suppression of leukotriene-mediated effects when using montelukast, more in the group of people with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma, such as symptoms of the allergic triad, mucus hypersecretion, bronchospasm, eosinophilia, increased vascular permeability, etc.

Conclusion. In the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis and morbid conditions, Singular has demonstrated an inhibitory effect on cysteinyl leukotrienes, high bioavailability, good tolerability and safety.
The effectiveness of single inhaler triple therapy in patients with bronchial asthma in real clinical practice
Authors: Naumova V. V. , Beltyukov E. K. , Abdullaev V. Ch. , Shevtseva E. V.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. About 40% of patients with bronchial asthma on dual therapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroids and long-acting β2-agonists do not achieve asthma control.

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of triple therapy (fluticasone furoate, umeclidinium bromide, vilanterol) in a single inhaler in patients with bronchial asthma in real clinical practice.

Material and methods. The study included 43 patients with bronchial asthma from municipal outpatients’ clinics in Ekaterinburg and the Sverdlovsk region. The clinical-functional and clinical-economic efficiency of therapy was evaluated for 6 months before and after the appointment of a triple combination (fluticasone furoate, umeclidinium bromide, vilanterol) in a single inhaler

Results and discussion. Of the 43 patients, 39 patients were included in the analysis. During 6 months of triple therapy in a single inhaler, the  mean ACT value increased from 13  (Q1–Q3: 12–14) to 21  points (Q1–Q3: 20–22) (p <   0.001), the  proportion of patients with uncontrolled asthma decreased from 100% initially to 15.4% at 6 months of therapy (p< 0.001). By the 6th month of therapy, all patients refused to take systemic glucocorticosteroids (p = 0.003), there was an increase in FEV1 from 73.0% (Q1–Q2: 70.0–75.0) to 82% (Q1–Q2: 80.0–86.5) (p < 0.001). The number of ambulance calls (from 0.28 ± 0.46 per 1 patient at baseline) and hospitalizations (from 0.67 ± 0.84 per 1 patient at baseline) decreased to 0 (p >< 0.001) after 6 months of treatment with the  study drug. Savings in  the management of  1  patient for  6  months on a  triple therapy in  a single inhaler amounted to 10523 rubles, and the prevented economic damage for 39 patients for 6 months of therapy is 410418 rubles. Conclusion. The triple therapy in a single inhaler made it possible to improve asthma control and respiratory function, stop taking systemic glucocorticosteroids, reduce the number of hospitalizations and emergency calls, while reducing direct costs per unit of efficiency.>< 0.001). The number of ambulance calls (from 0.28 ± 0.46 per 1 patient at baseline) and hospitalizations (from 0.67 ± 0.84 per 1 patient at baseline) decreased to 0 (p< 0.001) after 6 months of treatment with the  study drug. Savings in  the management of  1  patient for  6  months on a  triple therapy in  a single inhaler amounted to 10523 rubles, and the prevented economic damage for 39 patients for 6 months of therapy is 410418 rubles.

Conclusion. The triple therapy in a single inhaler made it possible to improve asthma control and respiratory function, stop taking systemic glucocorticosteroids, reduce the number of hospitalizations and emergency calls, while reducing direct costs per unit of efficiency.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SAÚDE NO BRASIL: UMA TRAJETÓRIA DO IMPÉRIO A CRIAÇÃO DO SUS
Authors: Wahhab Kucharski Karina , Battisti Iara Denise Endruweit , Fernandes Denise Medianeira Mariotti , Anastácio Zélia Ferreira Caçador
Published: April 2022

A trajetória das políticas de saúde no Brasil está relacionada diretamente a evolução política, social e econômica da sociedade brasileira, não sendo possível dissociá-los, a lógica do processo evolutivo sempre obedeceu à ótica do avanço do capitalismo, sofrendo forte pressão e intervenção internacional. O artigo apresenta as mudanças ocorridas no decorrer da história da saúde pública no Brasil, com objetivo de apresentar, brevemente, o percurso da Saúde Pública brasileira, desde os primeiros passos no período da Colonização, passando pelas épocas do Império, da República, do Militarismo, da Redemocratização, até o surgimento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Este estudo é uma revisão bibliográfica teórica que utilizou fontes como: livros, artigos científicos, plataformas de pesquisa como, Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Google acadêmico, site do Ministério da saúde e da Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Concluiu-se que a saúde nunca ocupou lugar central dentro da política do estado brasileiro, sendo sempre deixada na periferia do sistema, tanto no que diz respeito a solução dos grandes problemas de saúde que afligem a população, quanto na destinação de recursos direcionados ao setor. Esta situação crítica impôs a necessidade de mudanças nesse sistema e desencadeou o processo de implementação da reforma sanitária no Brasil, que tem como perspectiva fundamental a construção do Sistema Único de Saúde.

Palavras-chave: Política-pública. Saúde. Evolução histórica. Sistema Único de Saúde.
BULLYING ESCOLAR: O QUE SABEM AS CRIANÇAS DO PRIMEIRO ANO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Pereira de Albuquerque Amanda , Maciel Sílvia , Souza Sidclay
Published: April 2022

Ações intencionais e repetidas, em forma de agressão, exclusão ou zombaria entre os pares, cometidas ao longo de um período de tempo, são chamadas de bullying. Um fenômeno relacional e complexo, que costuma estar dissolvido nas relações entre os escolares. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar se no cotidiano das crianças do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental aparecem expressões do bullying escolar. O estudo foi realizado com 10 crianças (6 a 7 anos) de escolas particulares do estado de Pernambuco-Brasil. Através de videochamadas e de um roteiro semi-estruturado, as crianças foram inicialmente convidadas a realizar desenhos e narrativas sobre seu cotidiano escolar. Na mesma videochamada, elas ouviram uma história sobre bullying escolar, contada pela pesquisadora, e depois disso, criaram mais um desenho sobre uma situação de bullying que tenham vivenciado ou testemunhado. Para o tratamento de dados, a partir das transcrições das narrativas das crianças sobre os desenhos, foi feita uma análise temática dos conteúdos. Os resultados apontaram para a ocorrência de experiências de bullying no cotidiano escolar das crianças. Situações de bullying relacional e direto foram descritas pelos participantes. As crianças mostraram compreensão sobre as situações de bullying, e se reconheceram nessas situações. Os dados demonstram que as narrativas das crianças situam a ocorrência bullying no seu cotidiano escolar infantil e indicam que elas se sentem afetadas por esses eventos, o que sugere a importância de mais publicações sobre o tema e de ações interventivas, especialmente de caráter preventivo para a violência escolar, e o bullying infantil.
SAÚDE AFETIVA E O ENSINO DA FÍSICA, ABORDAGEM A UM PROBLEMA DE ESTUDO
Authors: Mosquera Jonathan Andrés , Bahamón Diaz Fabian Andrés , Campo Yasno Leidy Lorena
Published: April 2022

Atualmente, existem preocupações sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem das ciências e da física especificamente. Diante do exposto, é necessário e importante, uma correta aplicação didática e o reconhecimento do componente afetivo e emocional, como elementos da saúde na sala de aula de ciências. Da mesma forma, do ponto de vista da saúde, emoções e afetos, afetam o processo de formação. Essa relação na sala de aula surge porque o componente afetivo está relacionado à compreensão acadêmica, principalmente em questões de conhecimento científico, em que as valências positivas e/ou negativas em professores e alunos afetam os níveis e comportamentos de aprendizagem da ciência. Por isso, na Universidade Surcolombiana, especificamente no Bacharelado em Ciências Naturais e Educação Ambiental, cujo objetivo é a formação inicial de professores, é retomada a dimensão afetivo-emocional da Educação em Saúde, avaliando sua influência nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem da ciência. Portanto, foi realizada uma análise documental para reconhecer as categorias discursivas de 25 produções acadêmicas em torno do ensino de ciências e ensino afetivo. Assim, foram construídos Resumos Analíticos Educacionais para cada texto revisado, sob uma abordagem qualitativa. Destaca-se, portanto, o reconhecimento de quatro categorias, que abordam a dimensão afetiva (emoções) com a prática de professores, a formação de professores e alunos. Por outro lado, é registrada uma categoria onde e incluem as propostas no ensino afetivo no ensino de ciências. Portanto, pode-se estabelecer que a maioria dos estudos leva em consideração as implicações da dimensão afetiva no processo de aprendizagem da física. Nestas referências, destacam-se elementos como comprometimento, interesse, motivação e participação dos alunos em suas atividades de aprendizagem. No entanto, existem poucos estudos que compilam as experiências de formação de professores e como sua saúde afetivo-emocional muda ao longo do tempo e a conquista de seu desenvolvimento profissional.
Per-Aqueous Liquid Chromatography for the Separation of Polar Compounds-Preparation and Characterization of Poly(ethylene oxide-co-dimethylsiloxane) Based Stationary Phase
Authors: Carvalho Giselle , Santos Allyson , Faria Anizio
Published: April 2022

Poly(ethylene oxide-co-dimethylsiloxane) was thermally immobilized on silica particles- Si(PEO)-to separate small polar compounds with water-rich mobile phases. Poly(ethylene oxideco- dimethylsiloxane) content on Si(PEO) stationary phase was optimized using a central composite design. Infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis morphologically and structurally characterized the optimized material. Separation of standard test mixtures showed that the Si(PEO) phase had a typical reversed-phase elution order. However, the Si(PEO) phase retained polar compounds better than C18 or aqueous C18 phases under waterrich mobile phases. Under this condition, small changes in the acetonitrile fraction resulted in a marked increase in the retention of some polar drugs on the Si(PEO) phase. A typical condition observed in per aqueous liquid chromatography separations, a more environmentally friendly liquid chromatography approach. On the other hand, hydrophobic compounds showed lower mass transfer rates due to their low solubility in the aqueous mobile phase. Thus, the Si(PEO) phase was more suitable and efficient for separating polar or hydrophilic compounds.
Determination of rainfed wheat agriculture potential through assimilation of remote sensing data with SWAT model case study: ZarrinehRoud Basin, Iran
Authors: Rostami Amin , Raeini-Sarjaz Mahmoud , Chabokpour Jafar , Azamathulla Hazi Md , Kumar Sumit
Published: April 2022

Considering the importance of rainfed agriculture in adaptation to nature and long-term sustainability in the human food supply and livelihood of farmers, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of rainfed agriculture in the Zarrinehroud basin as this basin is one of the most important sub-basins of Lake Urmia. For this study, the remote sensing data of surface soil moisture and evapotranspiration were combined with the SWAT model using the Data Assimilation method, Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF). Calibration of runoff flow rate in the SWAT model showed the correlation coefficient ranging between 0.69 and 0.84 in the calibration period (2000–2009) and between 0.64 and 0.86 for the validation period (2010–2014). The assimilation of the remote sensing data with the calibrated SWAT model showed that the model simulations for both the variables of surface soil moisture and actual evapotranspiration improved by at least 25% in both 2010 and 2014. It has been determined that 10.5 and 25.4% of the region's lands have a Very Appropriate and Appropriate potential for rainfed wheat agriculture, respectively. Areas with Moderate and Inappropriate potential occupy 64.1% of the lands in the region.
Variação construcional e/ou competição pelo uso
Authors: Lopes Monclar Guimarães
Published: April 2022

No presente texto, tenho o objetivo de discutir o lugar da variação nos estudos desenvolvidos à luz da Linguística Funcional Centrada no Uso, um modelo de investigação funcionalista que alia a vertente clássica do Funcionalismo Norte-Americano e a Linguística Cognitiva, mais especificamente, a abordagem construcional da gramática. Uma vez que esses dois modelos têm pontos de vista relativamente distintos – bem como terminologia própria – para o tratamento da variação, proponho-me a comparar os fenômenos da variação construcional (de orientação cognitiva) e da competição pelo uso (de orientação funcionalista). Defendo que a adoção do termo variação construcional nos estudos em LFCU é mais adequado, uma vez que esse fenômeno assume uma dimensão mais ampla do que a competição pelo uso: enquanto este último prioriza os aspectos internos (estruturais e cognitivos), o primeiro possibilita o tratamento de fatores tanto internos (estruturais e cognitivos) quanto externos (de natureza social).
The Reliability Assessment of Crucial Components in Hydraulic Axial Pump by Two-Parameters Weibull
Authors:   Universitas Sanata Dharma, Ekaputra I Made Wicaksana , Haryadi Gunawan Dwi ,   Universitas Diponegoro, Dewa Rando Tungga ,   Universitas Pertahanan Indonesia, Purwadi Petrus Kanisius ,   Universitas Sanata Dharma
Published: April 2022

The proper maintenance of the hydraulic axial pump was discussed to maximize its performance and minimize downtime. In this study, reliability assessment by a two-parameter Weibull was applied as a reference for the periodic maintenance of the components in the hydraulic axial pump with a capacity of 2000 litres per second. The two-parameter Weibull consisted of shape parameter and scale parameter. An assessment was conducted to determine the critical parts and determine the failure rate of the formed data patterns. The three critical components of mechanical seal, bearing, shaft were investigated from each of sixÂ hydraulicÂ axialÂ pumps. By applying the two-parameter Weibull, the mean time to failure value of mechanical seal, bearing, and the shaft is obtained as 182.91 hours, 381.08 hours, 755.67 hours, respectively. Furthermore, the reliability values of those components were 52%, 52%, and 53%, respectively. By following these results, periodic maintenance could be then conducted regularly.
The Effect of SiC in NiCrBSi-SiC Composite Coating on the Microstructure, Hardness, and Oxidation Resistance
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Suwarno Suwarno , Nugroho Dhio Ndaru , Yudanto Fajar , Prawara Budi ,   Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
Published: April 2022

Many industrial parts degrade, which reduces plant reliability. Waterwall tube is part of the circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler that often degrades caused by the bed materials erosion. Therefore it requires a material with resistance to corrosion, abrasion, and high oxidation and economically feasible. One of the solutions is to coat the tube with hard ceramic materials by using thermal spraying. In this present work, composites of NiCrBSi-SiC were used to coat low carbon steel in order to study the possibility of used in boiler application. Â The coating process was carried out using the high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF). The amount of SiC was varied from 0% to 40% SiC to study their effect on coating properties. Then microstructure examination was done using an optical microscope on the surface with a cross-section to see the coating results in the form of density, porosity, and the bond between the layer and the substrate. Hardness testing with the Vickers method was carried out on the cross-section to determine the hardness value of the coating. The oxidation test is carried out to determine the oxidation resistance of the coating at high temperatures. Results show that the addition of SiC will increase the hardness and oxidation resistance. The porosity that appears is influenced by the SiC powder that does not melt entirely during the coating process due to differences in particle size. The amount of porosity will also affect the oxidation resistance of the coating.
Effect of the Substrate Surface Profile on the Bonding Strength of the Aluminum Thermal Sprayed on the Low Carbon Steel
Authors:   Universitas Sebelas Maret, Muhayat Nurul , Habibi Ilham , Triyono Teguh , Cahyono Sukmaji Indro , Surojo Eko , Triyono Triyono
Published: April 2022

The contact surface of thermal spray significantly affected bonding strength and coating elasticity. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of contact surface conditions characterised by substrate surface profile and spray pressure on the bonding and buckling strength of aluminium thermal sprayed on the low-carbon steel substrate. The SS400 low-carbon steel substrate was profiled using the milling process to form the V, small V, U, and flat profiles that were subsequently roughed by employing the sandblasting process. A coating comprising 99% aluminium was sprayed onto the substrate surface with different spraying pressures of 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 bar. Pull-off and buckling tests were performed for determining thermal spray characteristics. The results of this work showed that the optimal bonding strength of the coating was obtained for the thermal spray specimen that had a flat substrate surface, and the spraying pressure was set to 5.5 bar. Generally, low spraying pressure lead to be low bonding strength and vice versa. Profiled surface was not profitable on the mechanic properties of thermal spray bonding.
Criminal-legal problems of organized terrorist activities
Authors:   A.M. Abdulatipov Dagestan State University, Abdulatipov A.M.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the problems associated with the criminal - legal aspects of organized terrorist activities. The article analyzes the norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation that regulate responsibility for such activities, and discloses problematic issues of law enforcement practice. In order to clarify the meaning of the concept of organized terrorist activity, the author conducts a study not only of the norms of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, but also refers to the content of this concept, which is found in departmental joint normative legal acts of law enforcement agencies. The author notes that in the criminal law, responsibility for this activity is regulated not only by the norms contained in the relevant articles of the Special part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, but also by the norms of the general part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, providing for liability for complicity in terrorist activities. The author also offers his own definition of the concept of organized terrorist activity.
“The decision of the Qadi and the Kibudi ulama in the field of Muslim law” isa monument to the law of Dagestan of the beginning of the XV century (According to the list of Rafi-Hadji Shang'odinsky)
Authors:   M.N. Abdullaev  Dagestan State University, Abdullaev M.N. , Aitberov T.M. ,   T.M. Aitberov  Dagestan State University
Published: April 2022

This article for the first time examines the monument of law of Dagestan origin - "The decision of the Qadi and the ulama of Kibudi in the field of Muslim law", compiled at the beginning of the XV century by the Qadi and the ulama of the settlement of Kibudi, located on the Kumukh plateau of Dagestan. It is established that at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. The original of his text, written in Arabic, was in the margins of the handwritten Koran, kept in the Cathedral Mosque of Kumukh. The Arabic text of the Decision I was founded and copied by Rafi-Haji Shang'odinsky. One of those who copied the text of the Kibudinsky Decision from him was the enlightened Kumukhets Ali Kayaev. The article publishes the text of the Decision translated into Russian for the first time. It is noted that the document expressed the will of the spiritual and secular authorities of the Kibudin community and, accordingly, acted as a source of law. Its content consists of normative prescriptions, which are characterized by grammatical and logical completeness. The solution provides interesting information about the consistently implemented receptions of Islamic law along with the existing traditional law, which makes it possible to visualize the process of establishing a two-level system of law in Dagestan adapted to the social relations of the period under consideration. The authors pay special attention to the analysis of specific norms, issues of dating and localization of the place of adoption of the monument of law. It is noted that criminal law norms affecting a particular person prevail in this source of law. It is assumed that this is due to the need to strengthen the existing mandatory sharia norms that strengthen sanctions for their violations. It is emphasized that the content in the document of the beginning XV century in the concepts of "bribe" and "perjury" indicates the level of development of law in the medieval Dagestan. The authors come to the conclusion that "The Decision of the Qadi and the Kibudi ulama in the field of Muslim law" is one of the earliest written sources of law, which is of great interest for the study of legal realities that have developed in homogeneous socio-political systems of medieval Dagestan. The decision contains norms regulating various aspects of public relations, which allows us to judge the way of life in self-organized communities, the spiritual, moral and socio-cultural values established here, as well as the development of political and legal thought in Dagestan 600 years ago. The analysis of this document shows the significance and influence of Sharia law, the norms of which were actively established in local societies at that time.
Concept-terminological apparatus of legal science and the prospect of “machinization” of law: is it possible to represent the legal constructions by the means of λ-calculus?
Authors:   V.O. Puchkov Ural State Law University, Puchkov V.O.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the problem of legal constructions’ interpretation in the context theory of Ȝ-calculus as logical foundation of modern programming languages. The purpose of the study is to show the methodological obstacles to the “machinezation” of law, caused by the specifics of jurisprudence’ conceptoterminological apparatus. The methodological basis of the research is represented by the philosophical concepts of knowledge, function and concept, the dialectical method, metascientific means of cognition (system approach, logical method of Ȝ-calculus), special methods of legal science (legal dogmatic and legal exegesis). The study concludes that the dogmatic principles of jurisprudence, the concepto-terminological apparatus of which largely determines the content of positive legal norms, impede the algorithmicization of legal constructions and, in current conditions, make it impossible to form the so-called "machine-readable" law
A Participatory Design Approach to Develop Visualization of Wearable Actigraphy Data for Health Care Professionals: Case Study in Qatar
Authors: Khowaja Kamran , Syed Wafa Waheeda , Singh Meghna , Taheri Shahrad , Chagoury Odette , Al-Thani Dena , Aupetit Michaël
Published: April 2022

Background

Several tools have been developed for health care professionals to monitor the physical activity of their patients, but most of these tools have been considering only the needs of users in North American and European countries and applicable for only specific analytic tasks. To our knowledge, no research study has utilized the participatory design (PD) approach in the Middle East region to develop such tools, involving all the stakeholders in the product development phases, and no clear use cases have been derived from such studies that could serve future development in the field.

Objective

This study aims to develop an interactive visualization tool (ActiVis) to support local health care professionals in monitoring the physical activity of their patients measured through wearable sensors, with the overall objective of improving the health of the Qatari population.

Methods

We used PD and user-centered design methodologies to develop ActiVis, including persona development, brainwriting, and heuristic walkthrough as part of user evaluation workshops; and use cases, heuristic walkthrough, interface walkthrough, and survey as part of expert evaluation sessions.

Results

We derived and validated 6 data analysis use cases targeted at specific health care professionals from a collaborative design workshop and an expert user study. These use cases led to improving the design of the ActiVis tool to support the monitoring of patients’ physical activity by nurses and family doctors. The ActiVis research prototype (RP) compared favorably with the Fitbit Dashboard, showing the importance of design tools specific to end users’ needs rather than relying on repurposing existing tools designed for other types of users. The use cases we derived happen to be culturally agnostic, despite our assumption that the local Muslim and Arabic culture could impact the design of such visualization tools. At last, taking a step back, we reflect on running collaborative design sessions in a multicultural environment and oil-based economy.

Conclusions

Beyond the development of the ActiVis tool, this study can serve other visualization and human–computer interaction designers in the region to prepare their design projects and encourage health care professionals to engage with designers and engineers to improve the tools they use for supporting their daily routine. The development of the ActiVis tool for nurses, and other visualization tools specific to family doctors and clinician researchers, is still ongoing and we plan to integrate them into an operational platform for health care professionals in Qatar in the near future.
The Strategies for Quantitative and Qualitative Remote Data Collection: Lessons From the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tiersma Keenae , Reichman Mira , Popok Paula J , Nelson Zoe , Barry Maura , Elwy A Rani , Flores Efrén J , Irwin Kelly E , Vranceanu Ana-Maria
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated a rapid shift to web-based or blended design models for both ongoing and future clinical research activities. Research conducted virtually not only has the potential to increase the patient-centeredness of clinical research but may also further widen existing disparities in research participation among underrepresented individuals. In this viewpoint, we discuss practical strategies for quantitative and qualitative remote research data collection based on previous literature and our own ongoing clinical research to overcome challenges presented by the shift to remote data collection. We aim to contribute to and catalyze the dissemination of best practices related to remote data collection methodologies to address the opportunities presented by this shift and develop strategies for inclusive research.
The Strategies for Quantitative and Qualitative Remote Data Collection: Lessons From the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Tiersma Keenae , Reichman Mira , Popok Paula J , Nelson Zoe , Barry Maura , Elwy A Rani , Flores Efrén J , Irwin Kelly E , Vranceanu Ana-Maria
Published: April 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated a rapid shift to web-based or blended design models for both ongoing and future clinical research activities. Research conducted virtually not only has the potential to increase the patient-centeredness of clinical research but may also further widen existing disparities in research participation among underrepresented individuals. In this viewpoint, we discuss practical strategies for quantitative and qualitative remote research data collection based on previous literature and our own ongoing clinical research to overcome challenges presented by the shift to remote data collection. We aim to contribute to and catalyze the dissemination of best practices related to remote data collection methodologies to address the opportunities presented by this shift and develop strategies for inclusive research.
Pre2Pub—Tracking the Path From Preprint to Journal Article: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Langnickel Lisa , Podorskaja Daria , Fluck Juliane
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

The current COVID-19 crisis underscores the importance of preprints, as they allow for rapid communication of research results without delay in review. To fully integrate this type of publication into library information systems, we developed preview: a publicly available, central search engine for COVID-19–related preprints, which clearly distinguishes this source from peer-reviewed publications. The relationship between the preprint version and its corresponding journal version should be stored as metadata in both versions so that duplicates can be easily identified and information overload for researchers is reduced.

OBJECTIVE

In this work, we investigated the extent to which the relationship information between preprint and corresponding journal publication is present in the published metadata, how it can be further completed, and how it can be used in preVIEW to identify already republished preprints and filter those duplicates in search results.

METHODS

We first analyzed the information content available at the preprint servers themselves and the information that can be retrieved via Crossref. Moreover, we developed the algorithm Pre2Pub to find the corresponding reviewed article for each preprint. We integrated the results of those different resources into our search engine preVIEW, presented the information in the result set overview, and added filter options accordingly.

RESULTS

Preprints have found their place in publication workflows; however, the link from a preprint to its corresponding journal publication is not completely covered in the metadata of the preprint servers or in Crossref. Our algorithm Pre2Pub is able to find approximately 16% more related journal articles with a precision of 99.27%. We also integrate this information in a transparent way within preVIEW so that researchers can use it in their search.

CONCLUSIONS

Relationships between the preprint version and its journal version is valuable information that can help researchers finding only previously unknown information in preprints. As long as there is no transparent and complete way to store this relationship in metadata, the Pre2Pub algorithm is a suitable extension to retrieve this information.
Implementing a stakeholder selection procedure with generative co-design to develop a serious game for cancer patients (Preprint)
Authors: Vandekerckhove Pieter , Timmermans Job , de Bont Antoinette , de Mul Marleen
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

The involvement of stakeholders such as patients, care professionals and care managers is considered to play an important role in developing digital health. To this end generative co-design (GCD) is widely used to develop digital health. Yet, even though active stakeholder involvement is key in GCD, the justification to involve specific stakeholders is lacking in GCD research to develop digital health. Therefore a generative co-design methodology (GCDM) based on theory has previously been developed to improve the scientific rigor regarding stakeholder involvement.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we implement the GCDM recommendations concerning stakeholder involvement in a GCD project to develop a serious game for cancer patients. Here, the stakeholder involvement recommendations are further operationalised as a stakeholder selection procedure.

METHODS

Snowball sampling was used to identify potential stakeholders, and short interviews involving eight criteria were used to assess their relevant knowledge and abilities. On this basis, those deemed most appropriate as participants in GCD were allocated to Group 1 and those with fewer of the desired skills to Group 2. Both groups participated in identical GCD workshops. The influences of the implemented stakeholder selection procedure and the resulting allocations were qualitatively assessed by comparing the knowledge output and the related knowledge processing in the two workshops.

RESULTS

We found that the interaction quantities in the two workshops were broadly similar but the Group 1 stakeholders had a stronger and more positive influence on the diversity and density of knowledge processing, which resulted in a better quality of knowledge output than from Group 2. In terms of further developing the theory about the role of stakeholders in the GCDM, we would encourage researchers to explore the role given to abduction-2 inference in the selection procedure, and the role of facilitation with abduction-2 and contextual certainties in the GCD process.

CONCLUSIONS

We encourage the further validation of our stakeholder selection process in GCD. Ultimately, this will help GCD researchers come to more methodologically sound findings and to further refine the methodological recommendations to involve robust decisions and then report them in a sound way, both of which will improve the scientific rigor of GCD science for digital health.
Evaluating the Utility of a Psychoeducational Serious Game (SPARX) in Protecting Inuit Youth From Depression: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Bohr Yvonne , Litwin Leah , Hankey Jeffrey Ryan , McCague Hugh , Singoorie Chelsea , Lucassen Mathijs F G , Shepherd Matthew , Barnhardt Jenna
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Inuit youth in Northern Canada show considerable resilience in the face of extreme adversities. However, they also experience significant mental health needs and some of the highest adolescent suicide rates in the world. Disproportionate rates of truancy, depression, and suicide among Inuit adolescents have captured the attention of all levels of government and the country. Inuit communities have expressed an urgent imperative to create, or adapt, and then evaluate prevention and intervention tools for mental health. These tools should build upon existing strengths, be culturally appropriate for Inuit communities, and be accessible and sustainable in Northern contexts, where mental health resources are often scarce.

OBJECTIVE

This pilot study assesses the utility, for Inuit youth in Canada, of a psychoeducational e-intervention designed to teach cognitive behavioral therapy strategies and techniques. This serious game, SPARX, had previously demonstrated effectiveness in addressing depression with Māori youth in New Zealand.

METHODS

The Nunavut Territorial Department of Health sponsored this study, and a team of Nunavut-based community mental health staff facilitated youth’s participation in an entirely remotely administered pilot trial using a modified randomized control approach with 24 youths aged 13-18 across 11 communities in Nunavut. These youth had been identified by the community facilitators as exhibiting low mood, negative affect, depressive presentations, or significant levels of stress. Entire communities, instead of individual youth, were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a waitlist control group.

RESULTS

Mixed models (multilevel regression) revealed that participating youth felt less hopeless (P=.02) and engaged in less self-blame (P=.03), rumination (P=.04), and catastrophizing (P=.03) following the SPARX intervention. However, participants did not show a decrease in depressive symptoms or an increase in formal resilience indicators.

CONCLUSIONS

Preliminary results suggest that SPARX may be a good first step for supporting Inuit youth with skill development to regulate their emotions, challenge maladaptive thoughts, and provide behavioral management techniques such as deep breathing. However, it will be imperative to work with youth and communities to design, develop, and test an Inuit version of the SPARX program, tailored to fit the interests of Inuit youth and Elders in Canada and to increase engagement and effectiveness of the program.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05702086; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05702086
Psychiatrists’ Attitudes Toward Artificial Intelligence: Tasks, Job Security and Benefits (Preprint)
Authors: Al-Ansari Ahmed Malalla , Al-Medfa Mohammed Khalid
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Researchers have predicted that artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) will affect job security for physicians in the future, including in the mental health industry.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to assess local psychiatrists’ opinions regarding the future impact of AI/ML on their daily 10 key practice tasks in addition to determine the benefits and drawbacks of AI/ML.

METHODS

The design was cross-sectional and included psychiatrists (n = 62) registered in Bahrain, who participated via a Google survey.

RESULTS

Out of 52 eligible participants, there were 43 survey respondents (81.3%). Only 9.3% of respondents felt it was likely that AI/ML will replace average physicians in providing empathetic care.
Physicians speculated that AI/ML is likely to replace average physicians in tasks such as establishing prognosis (67%), synthesizing information to reach diagnosis (72.1%) and obtaining medical/psychiatric histories (51.2%); however, they were uncertain regarding other tasks, such as performing medical and mental status examinations (74.4%) and providing empathetic care (81.4%). The main benefits of AI/ML were perceived to be facilitating a quicker diagnosis (69.8%) and replacing the physician role (76.7%).
The study findings were not related to age group, gender, seniority or level of AI/ML knowledge.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first local study to evaluate the attitudes of psychiatrists toward the effects of AI/ML on the future of psychiatry. Our findings provide useful data on the impact of AI/ML on job security as well as its benefits. Most participants were worried about the possibility of machines replacing human skills and practices and acknowledged both the advantages and challenges.
Evidence of aggregation behavior in Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus caesius (Cope, 1862) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) in the Dry Chaco
Authors: Cabral Hugo , Cuestas Carrillo Juan , Coronel-Bejarano Diana , Caballero-Gini Andrea , José Santana Diego
Published: April 2022

Aggregation among individuals of the same species is a common spatial pattern in nature, and has been well studied in insects, mammals, birds, and fishes. Among vertebrates, mammals, birds, and fishes are considered the most social. Among reptiles, snakes also form aggregations for mating, defense, or communal shedding, and this behavior can be associated to kin and conspecific recognition. Here, we report information on the aggregation behavior in Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus caesius. We made two observations in the Dry Chaco of Paraguay. In the first observation (2016) we found three adults of E. p. caesius under a fallen trunk. The second observation occurred in three temporary ponds (2020), where E. p. caesius aggregated in groups of five (juveniles), ten (juveniles and sub-adults), and two (juveniles). Aggregation can reduce predation risk, increase the survival or the reproductive success, and could occur in response to external cues. Future research must focus on aggregation context and define experimentally the factors that trigger it, and whether it depends on environmental resources, or if it is part of a social interaction.
THE OCCURRENCE OF THE MILK FROG Trachycephalus typhonius (AMPHIBIA: HYLIDAE) IN THE CENTRAL VALLEY OF COSTA RICA
Authors: Mora José Manuel , Rodríguez Miguel A. , Chaves Gerardo , L´ópez Lucía Isabel
Published: April 2022

Trachycephalus typhonius is a common species in several habitat types, and it has a wide distribution from Mexico to southern Brazil and northern Argentina. In Costa Rica, it inhabits the Pacific lowlands and marginally in the San Juan River basin near the border with Nicaragua. However, their records in Costa Rica are limited. Here we report the presence of this frog in the Central Valley of Costa Rica at 1145 m elevation in the Tropical Premontane Moist forest. This record is the first for this life zone in Costa Rica, which could indicate that the species has expanded to new climatic environments. However, and although the species had not been reported in this locality, it is possible that it has a historical distribution here, but its populations have been affected by changes in land use.
NOTAS SOBRE UN SAPO MOMIFICADO Y EL IMPACTO DE LA URBANIZACIÓN EN UNA POBLACION DE SAPOS DE CAÑA (Rhinella horribilis) EN IGNACIO ROMERO VARGAS, MUNICIPIO DE PUEBLA, MÉXICO
Authors: Herrera-Flores Jorge A. , Rojas-Cortes María Felicitas
Published: April 2022

Reportamos un caso raro de momificación en un espécimen de Rhinella horribilis colectado hace más de treinta años en la Junta Auxiliar de Ignacio Romero Vargas en la ciudad de Puebla, México. El espécimen momificado provee importante información sobre un taxón anteriormente no registrado para la herpetofauna del municipio de Puebla, del que todas sus poblaciones se extinguieron debido al impacto ambiental provocado por la rápida urbanización de la zona durante las últimas décadas.
Examen clínico objetivo estructurado en línea (Web-ECOE): percepción de los pacientes, evaluadores y residentes
Authors: Rivero-López Carlos Alonso , Pompa-Mansilla Maura , Trejo-Mejía Juan Andrés , Martínez-González Adrián
Published: April 2022

Introducción: En el marco de la pandemia generada por el SARS-CoV-2, la enseñanza clínica ha sufrido cambios importantes, desde la cancelación de actividades de aprendizaje y reducción de las rotaciones en los servicios, hasta la implementación de medidas que permiten continuar con el aprendizaje de los estudiantes.Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de los pacientes, evaluadores y médicos residentes de primer año de la especialidad de medicina familiar al realizar un Web-ECOE.Método: Análisis cualitativo. Población: 4 pacientes estandarizados, 4 evaluadores capacitados y 20 médicos residentes de 10 sedes académicas.Resultados: Los pacientes expresaron que esta modalidad de atención médica es adecuada; y la experiencia de realimentar, positiva. Los evaluadores comentaron que es un área de oportunidad para ellos y los residentes, y que se podría otorgar atención médica en línea bajo este concepto. Los residentes perciben esta estrategia como adecuada para su evaluación; sin embargo, coinciden en la limitación de la exploración física.
Mitos sobre el tabaco: una pregunta de examen
Authors: Saa Casal Alba , Salvador Aguilá Mercedes , Guillem Saiz Javier , Saiz Sánchez Carmen
Published: April 2022

Introducción: El tabaquismo es una de las principales causas de muerte prematura y de pérdida de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud.Objetivo: La finalidad de este trabajo consistió en explorar y evaluar las respuestas formuladas a una pregunta de examen en los conocimientos adquiridos en mitos sobre el tabaco y su desmitificación, después de haber impartido una práctica de Epidemiología y Salud Pública a 344 alumnos de 1º curso Grado en Medicina (2019-2020).Método: Se realizó en una muestra de 344 alumnos de la Universidad de Valencia (curso 2019-2020), a los que se impartió una práctica en la que se dieron a conocer algunos de los mitos más populares sobre el tabaco, que consultan con frecuencia los pacientes. En la práctica se elegía, comentaba y exponía por parejas un mito de un manual, por elección libre de los alumnos y sin repetir los ya elegidos. La pregunta formulada en el examen versaba en exponer un mito de forma libre y redactar la respuesta que le darían a sus pacientes.Resultados: El grupo de mito más redactado fue el referido a los mitos de tabaco y salud, donde destacó “dejar de fumar engorda”. Menos del 1% de los alumnos eligieron el grupo de mitos relacionados con la economía. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos nos indican que los conocimientos sobre mitos presentados a los alumnos pueden trasladarse al resto de la sociedad dificultando la labor de los profesionales sanitarios en la deshabituación tabáquica. Además, la mayoría de alumnos manifiestan preocupación por temas de salud e imagen en relación al consumo de tabaco.