bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CORRELAÇÃO DAS VARIANTES DESCONHECIDAS EM HEMOGLONINAS GLICADAS COM IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE HBS NA ELETROFORESE DE HEMOGLOBINA EM UM LABORATÓRIO AMBULATORIAL EM SALVADOR
Authors: Santos RA , Oliveira HFF , de Jesus MBS , Doria DS , Santos JAS
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: A anemia falciforme, expressão clínica da homozigose do gene da hemoglobina (Hb) S , é considerada a doença hereditária de maior prevalência no Brasil. Dados do Ministério da Saúde apontam que cerca de 3.500 crianças nascem com anemia falciforme por ano. Salvador concentra o maior número de portadores da doença: a cada grupo de 650 bebês nascidos vivos, um tem a patologia. Estima-se que, no mundo todo, existam 30 milhões de heterozigotos e, no Brasil, esse número provavelmente situa-se próximo de dois milhões. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a população atendida no nosso serviço que realizou o exame de Hb glicada e apresentou Hb variante desconhecida, correlacionando com a presença de Hb S na eletroforese de Hb. Método: Foi realizada uma análise retrospectiva dos resultados do exame Hb glicada de 7.644 pacientes, no período de janeiro a maio de 2023. Conclusão: O estudo demonstrou que do total de pacientes que realizaram Hb glicada no período, 445 apresentaram Hb variante (6%); 320, Hb variante desconhecida (72%) e apenas 25 realizaram o exame eletroforese de Hb – sendo 24 pacientes apresentando Hb S. Os pacientes que apresentaram Hb S na eletroforese de Hb eram heterozigotos (traço falciforme); 92% dos indivíduos que apresentaram variante desconhecida não realizaram o exame eletroforese de Hb e podem não ter conhecimento do traço falciforme. Desses pacientes, 24% estavam na faixa etária reprodutiva (18 a 40 anos), o que aumenta a chance de gerar crianças homozigotas, as quais podem desenvolver a forma grave da doença falciforme. Concluiu-se que existe ainda a necessidade da divulação maciça da importância de se realizar exames, principalmente no nosso estado, para identificação de indivíduos heterozigotos. Além disso, há a necessidade de programas comunitários de diagnóstico precoce da doença falciforme para investigação de sujeitos Hb S heterozigotos, bem como o aconselhamento genético não diretivo dos casais de heterozigotos com o traço falciforme.
OXALATO URINÁRIO: OTIMIZAÇÃO DOS INSUMOS PARA UM PROCESSO MAIS SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Facchin ME , Cain AA , Oliveira GLS , Reis VS , Loureiro G , Silva AF , Pelegrini A , Pereira DD , Benini MF
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: O ácido oxálico é derivado da dieta e resultante do metabolismo do ácido ascórbico e da glicina. A administração de altas doses de ácido ascórbico pode levar ao aumento nos níveis de oxalato na urina. A hiperoxalúria pode resultar na formação de cálculos renais, tornando o teste de oxalato urinário uma ferramenta crucial na avaliação de indivíduos com nefrolitíase. Este trabalho concentrou-se na otimização do processo analítico do kit comercial de testes de oxalato urinário, buscando reduzir os custos através do uso de insumos produzidos localmente, aumentando assim a eficiência e o número de testes por kit. Método: O tampão EDTA, produzido in house, foi utilizado e testado em diferentes concentrações (1,0 M, 0,5 M, 0,2 M e 0,1 M) e pHs (6, 7 e 8), visando obter uma correlação otimizada entre o kit comercial e o produzido internamente. Diversos tipos de carvão ativado, incluindo carvão de casca de coco, carvão Sigma® 4-8 mesh e carvão Synth 1-2 mm, foram analisados como complementos. O kit comercial utilizado para fins de comparação foi o LTA® – 100 dosagens, validado no equipamento semiautomatizado Cobas c502, ROCHE. Para análise estatística, foi utilizado o software EP Evaluator. Conclusão: Por meio da validação do tampão EDTA produzido internamente, a concentração de 0,1 M com pH 8 foi a que apresentou melhor correlação com o kit comercial, atingindo um valor R de 0,97. Assim, essa concentração foi a escolhida dentre as demais. Nos testes realizados com carvão ativado, o carvão Sigma® 4-8 mesh foi o que obteve a melhor performance. Comparando o tampão EDTA 0,1 M + carvão ativado com os reagentes do fabricante, alcançamos uma correlação R de 0,93. Os resultados obtidos confirmam a viabilidade da implementação de reagentes produzidos internamente para maximizar a eficiência do kit comercial. Essa otimização dos insumos pode resultar em uma redução significativa no custo dos testes, com uma potencial diminuição de até 2,5 vezes no custo direto das dosagens de oxalato urinário.
ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DA QUALIDADE DO RESULTADO DE POTÁSSIO EM AMOSTRAS DE SORO E PLASMA E SUA CORRELAÇÃO COM INTERFERENTES DA FASE PRÉ-ANALÍTICA
Authors: Brandão HLC , Patrocínio GOS , Moura IO , Barreto BO , Araújo CM , Nery LFA
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Os distúrbios hidroeletrolíticos são as ocorrências mais comuns na prática médica, sendo o potássio extremamente importante na manutenção do equilíbrio homeostático. É o cátion mais abundante no organismo, com 98% intracelular e apenas 2% estão no líquido extracelular. Com o avanço da tecnologia da fase analítica, aumentamos as exigências sobre a qualidade das amostras biológicas focando na fase pré-analítica, que é responsável por cerca de 61% a 68% de todos os erros do laboratório de análises clínicas. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os níveis séricos e plasmáticos do potássio e sua correlação com interferentes pré-analíticos em amostras biológicas de um laboratório de análises clínicas. Método: Os resultados de potássio foram obtidos do banco de dados, sem identificação individual, realizados pelo método de eletrodo íon-seletivo (ISE), nas amostras de soro e plasma com heparina lítica de uma única punção venosa, as quais foram submetidas à centrifugação após 2 horas da coleta. Conclusão: Realizado estudo comparativo com 216 amostras, 108 de soro e 108 de plasma (heparina lítica), avaliadas sob as mesmas condições e controladas da influência do atraso da centrifugação. Os resultados de potássio das amostras de soro apresentaram-se aumentados em relação ao das amostras de plasma, com um erro sistemático médio de 6,41%. Oitenta e cinco amostras (78,70%) não foram concordantes em relação ao erro total máximo de 2,8%. Os dados deste estudo corroboram os da literatura, demonstrando que o potássio é um dos exames laboratoriais expressivamente afetado pelo atraso da centrifugação e pelo tipo de amostra biológica. Resultados incorretos afetam a conduta clínica. É importante que os profissionais da saúde estejam cientes desses interferentes, identificando as fontes de erro e criando soluções inovadoras para evitá-los, destacando-se na busca da excelência dos resultados e na garantia da qualidade.
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE CONTROLE GLICÊMICO, INTERLEUCINA-6 E INTERLEUCINA-10 EM PACIENTES COM DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2
Authors: Santos LLS , Rossato BG , Tatsch E , Carvalho JAM , Moresco RN
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: A interleucina-10 (IL-10) é considerada uma citosina anti-inflamatória; já a interleucina-6 (IL-6) é uma citosina pró-inflamatória. O desequilíbrio dessas citosinas pode estar relacionado com a progressão e a complicação da diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), que é uma doença crônica caracterizada pela resistência à insulina. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi investigar a associação entre o controle glicêmico e as concentrações séricas da IL-6 e IL-10 em pacientes com DM2. Método: Foram estudados 117 pacientes de ambos os sexos com DM2 e idade de 59,2 ± 12,9 anos. A avaliação laboratorial incluiu a determinação da glicemia de jejum, HbA1c, IL-6 e IL-10. As concentrações séricas de IL-6 e IL-10 foram quantificadas com o uso de ensaios comerciais de Elisa (R&D Systems®). Os pacientes foram organizados em dois grupos baseados no valor meta da HbA1c recomendada pela Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (SBD), sendo classificados em HbA1c < 7% e HbA1c ≥ 7%. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do teste t de Student ou Mann-Whitney. Conclusão: As concentrações de HbA1c foram 5,9 ± 0,5% e 9,1 ± 1,7% (p < 0,001), enquanto os valores de glicose foram 109 (97-119) mg/dl e 160 (125-205) mg/dl (p < 0,001). Não houve diferença significativa para o índice de massa corpórea (IMC) entre os grupos [29,8 (26,6-36,5) e 29,6 (26,7-36,0) kg/m2, p = 0,773]. Os pacientes com HbA1c ≥ 7% apresentaram concentrações séricas de IL-6 maiores em comparação àqueles com HbA1c < 7% (204 ± 50 pg/ml versus 177 ± 44 pg/ml, p = 0,014). Apesar de não ser estatisticamente significativo, os valores de IL-10 foram menores no grupo com HbA1c ≥ 7% quando comparado com o grupo HbA1c < 7% (83 ± 30 pg/ml versus 96 ± 34 pg/ml, p = 0,133). Os achados indicam que o controle glicêmico inadequado contribui para o aumento da IL-6 e a diminuição da IL-10 no soro, o que acarreta a acentuação de processos inflamatórios associados ao DM2.
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE O ÍNDICE TYG, UM MARCADOR DE RESISTÊNCIA À INSULINA, COM O CONTROLE GLICÊMICO EM PACIENTES COM DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2
Authors: Rossato BG , Santos LLS , Tatsch E , Carvalho JAM , Moresco RN
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: A resistência à insulina é uma das principais características do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Dessa forma, marcadores para a sua triagem são fundamentais. O índice TyG, ferramenta usada para avaliar resistência à insulina, é um método simples e apresenta precisão, indicando um bom substituto na pratica clínica. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é investigar a associação entre o índice TyG e o controle glicêmico em pacientes portadores de DM2. Método: Foram estudados 117 pacientes de ambos os sexos com DM2 e idade de 59,2 ± 12,9 anos. A avaliação laboratorial incluiu a análise da glicemia de jejum, HbA1c, triglicerídeos e índice TyG. A HbA1c foi quantificada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência no analisador D10® (Bio-Rad). Glicose e triglicerídeos foram mensurados no analisador Dimension RxL Max® (Siemens). O índice TyG foi calculado por meio da fórmula: TyG = Ln [triglicerídeos jejum (mg/dl) × glicemia jejum (mg/dl)]/2. Os pacientes foram organizados em dois grupos com base no valor meta da HbA1c recomendada pela Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (SBD), sendo classificados em HbA1c < 7% e HbA1c ≥ 7%. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente através do teste t de Student ou Mann-Whitney. Conclusão: As concentrações de HbA1c foram 5,9 ± 0,5% e 9,1 ± 1,7% (p < 0,001), enquanto os valores de glicose foram 109 (97-119) mg/dl e 160 (125-205) mg/dl (p < 0,001). Não houve diferença significativa para triglicerídeos entre os grupos [128 (101-182) versus 131 (83-185) mg/dl (p = 0,655)]. Interessantemente, pacientes com HbA1c ≥ 7% apresentaram o índice TyG maior em comparação com aqueles com HbA1c < 7% (5,08 ± 0,39 versus 4,7 ± 0,19, p < 0,001). Com base nos resultados obtidos, foi possível verificar que o índice TyG foi mais elevado nos pacientes com HbA1c ≥ 7%, indicando que existe uma associação entre a resistência insulínica avaliada por esse índice e o controle glicêmico no DM2.
COMPARAÇÃO DA ESPECIFICAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE ANALÍTICA (EQA) ENTRE QUÍMICA SECA E LÍQUIDA EM BIOQUÍMICA CLÍNICA POR MEIO DA ANÁLISE DO ERRO TOTAL (ET)
Authors: Andrade JN , Oliveira LBS , Moura RP , Santos LM , Santos CCS
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: A definição correta da EQA nos laboratórios clínicos possui implicações práticas, regulatórias e até comerciais. Ao optar pela metodologia de química seca em bioquímica clínica, espera-se que o laboratório consiga alcançar resultados melhores na EQA e, consequentemente, melhorar a qualidade e a segurança dos resultados liberados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a EQA para 32 testes bioquímicos, comparando a metodologia de química seca em relação à química líquida. Método: A EAQ foi analisada após 12 meses da validação e utilização do equipamento de química seca. Na planilha para EQA, foram lançados os dados de coeficiente de variação (CV), erro aleatório (EA) e erro sistemático (ES). O CV máximo permitido foi estimado e o ET, obtido pela fórmula (ES + EA). A meta do ET permitido foi delineada com base neste resultado de ET em relação às referências de performance. Conclusão: Nossos resultados demonstram que os testes realizados com a metodologia de química seca e líquida resultaram, respectivamente, em 19% e 56% dos resultados com variação biológica (VB) ótima, 38% e 25% com VB desejável, 16% e 3% com VB mínima, 19% e 9% histórico, e 9% e 6% dos testes tinham outras referências na EQA. Conclui-se que a química seca, por ter reativos secos e que exigem uma pequena quantidade de amostra, associada à tecnologia do método, melhora a estabilidade dos testes, contribuindo significativamente para a melhoria da performance de precisão e exatidão dos testes bioquímicos, reduzindo o ET do laboratório e, consequentemente, melhorando a qualidade dos resultados e a segurança. A melhoria obtida na performance do EQA permite a otimização das regras múltiplas de Westgard para avaliação do controle interno de qualidade e análise da viabilidade da aplicação da Métrica Seis Sigma, a fim de reduzir a rotina de controles e otimizar tempo e custo no laboratório.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASIC LEARNING (PjBL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS BERITA KELAS XI MENU 4 SMA NEGERI 1 KUPANG
Authors: Tuka Jemy Arison , Nai Firmina Angela , Pellondou Mezra Elisabeth
Published: October 2024

Abstrak
Penelitian  tindakan kelas ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis teks berita  peserta didik kelas XI Menu 4 SMA Negeri 1 Kupang melalui penerapan model pembelajaran project basic learning (PjBL)yang menekankan pada bentuk produk yang dihasilkan. Penerapan pembelajaran model PjBL ini dikaitkan dengan model pembelajaran bediferensiasi, khususnya diferensiasi produk. Model PjBL dipilih karena untuk menghasilkan produk berita, peserta didik harus melakukan proyek. Dalam konteks keberagaman peserta didik, penelitian ini menekankan pada penyesuaian minat belajar dengan karakteristik materi pembelajaran elemen menulis teks berita. Elemen menulis teks berita diintegrasikan ke dalam taksonomi Bloom pada tingkat C6 (mencipta) sehingga peserta didik diberi kebebasan untuk memilih produk berita yang ingin dihasilkan sesuai minat masing-masing. Pelaksanaan penelitian tindakan kelas dilakukan dalam dua siklus dengan pendekatan yang sama, yaitu Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT). Meskipun pendekatan yang dilakukan pada kedua siklus sama, namun pada siklus I peserta didik hanya diberi kesempatan untuk menulis teks berita sebagai produk yang akan dihasilkan. Pada siklus II, peserta didik diberi kebebasan memilih bentuk produk berita yang bervariasi sesuai minat masing-masing peserta didik. Hasil analisis data penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan hasil belajar dalam rata-rata nilai peserta didik dari siklus I (73,42) ke siklus II (90,57), dengan semua peserta didik mencapai presentase tingkat ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 100% pada siklus II. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya pengembangan profesional untuk mendukung pendidik dalam menerapkan strategi diferensiasi produk secara efektif, serta kontinuitas dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran berkelanjutan di masa depan.
Kata kunci: minat, diferensiasi, proyek, produk, Culturally Responsive Teaching.
Literasi Kewarganegaraan Sebagai Strategi Dalam Mengembangkan Civic Knowledge
Authors: Lambertus Kollo Fredik , Tapatab Shintya M. , Famau Wempi W. , Nua Oba Petrus F.
Published: October 2024

Literasi kewarganegaraan sebagai kemampuan awal setiap warganegara dalam mengembangkan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap. Tujuan penulisan ini ialah untuk mengetahui penguatan lietrasi kewarganeganegaraan sebagai strategi dalam mengembangkan civic knowledge. Metode dalam penulisan karya tulis ilmiah ini ialah metode kajian pustaka. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa literasi sebagai kemampuan awal warganegara memiliki peranan penting dalam mengembangkan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap. Penelitian ini secara khusus mengkaji mengenai literasi sebagai strategi dalam mengembangkan pengetahuan warganegara. Warganegara memiliki kemampuan awal literasi agar menjadi waganegara yang cerdas dan mampu mengembangkan hak dan kewajiban sebagai warganegara.
A study on the relationship between recreation benefit perception and frequency of participation in recreation activities
Authors: Çolak Okan
Published: October 2024

This study aims to investigate the relationship between university students' perceptions of the benefits of recreational activities and their frequency of participation in such activities. This study employed a quantitative research method, with a preference for using a questionnaire as the data collection technique. A total of 683 undergraduate students at Harran University Osmanbey Campus participated in the study. The study revealed substantial differences in the frequency of participants' engagement in activities based on participants' gender, age, faculty, grade level, weighted grade point averages, monthly income, hometown region, permanent residence environment and place of residence. The study also revealed important discrepancies in the perceived benefits of recreational activities among participants stratified by age, institution of higher education or faculty, grade level, monthly income, hometown, and place of residence. Additionally, the study found a significant positive relationship between the frequency of participation in recreational activities and all sub-dimensions of the perceived benefits of such activities. Consequently, these findings contribute to existing literature on the relationship among demographic characteristics, participation, and recreational activity benefits. The study offers important implications for planning activities and facilities according to students' preferences and needs.
Illustrated eating plan as a strategy for adherence to carbohydrate counting in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Faillace Ana Lucia Rocha , Souza Maria Auxiliadora Menezes de
Published: October 2024

The carbohydrate counting method is an effective meal planning tool used in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients that focuses on carbohydrates as the main nutrient that affects the glycemic response. Therefore, this study aims to develop a nutritional therapy with carbohydrate counting, providing the inclusion of patients with DM on insulin therapy. This is a clinical-longitudinal and descriptive study, carried out on patients diagnosed with insulin-dependent type 1 or 2 DM, treated at a reference university hospital, in Belém/Pará. It was found that there was a reduction in weight and BMI until the fourth consultation, with an increase in the fifth. Average fasting glucose and total cholesterol decreased significantly throughout the consultations. However, systolic blood pressure and TGO levels showed variations, highlighting the need for continuous monitoring. This study demonstrated the benefits of technology in helping glycemic control in insulin-dependent patients.
Functional assessment of pavements on a university campus
Authors: Zanchetta Fábio , Lucena Camila Lucas Oliveira , Sant’ana João Lucas Inácio , Coelho Lucas Vinícius Teles
Published: October 2024

With the constant increase in traffic volume at the Darcy Ribeiro Campus of the University of Brasília (UnB), attention to the preservation of road infrastructure is necessary. The implementation of an Urban Pavement Management System (UPMS) emerges as a strategy. This study aims to evaluate the functional condition of the pavements at the UnB University Campus by observing distresses on their surfaces, using the Fixed Value Matrix for 5 Distress method by Zanchetta (2017). A total of 161 road segments were evaluated, and both Objective and Subjective Pavement Condition Index (PCI) values were obtained, along with the recommended intervention for each segment. The most common types of defects found in the pavements were Raveling and Fatigue Cracks. The most suggested interventions were Preventive Maintenance (23.60%) and Corrective Maintenance (22.98%). Statistical analysis led to the conclusion that there were no significant differences between the Objective and Subjective PCI data. Thematic maps were generated for the Objective PCI, Subjective PCI, and maintenance activities in order to make georeferenced spatial information available.
In vitro maturation of bovine oocytes: the role of ROS, oxidative stress, and the impact of natural antioxidant supplementation
Authors: Martins Coelho-Vinhais Mylena , Alves-Filho Anderson Vinhais , Rodrigues Rosado Isabel , Ferreira Figueiredo Bittar Joely , Resende Bittar Eustáquio , Gabellini Leonel Alves Endrigo , Martin Ian
Published: October 2024

According to available data in the literature, Brazil has one of the largest cattle herds in the world and is one of the leading embryo producers, with a clear predominance of embryos produced in vitro. These data influence the ongoing pursuit of optimizing the results obtained in IVEP (in vitro embryo production). In this technique, in vitro maturation (IVM) is such a crucial stage that it justifies studies involving components that, when added to the media, can lead to improved cleavage rates and blastocyst development. It is well known that oocyte quality is influenced by oxidative stress, and in this context, the inclusion of antioxidants in the IVM medium may enhance these outcomes. Thus, the present study aimed to review oocyte maturation, the impact of oxidative stress, and the addition of antioxidants, such as Moringa oleifera, to the IVM media.
EMS and paramedic management of respiratory distress: Prehospital use of CPAP and BiPAP
Authors: Al-Jasser Saleh AbdulLatif , E Alharbi Sultan Sulaiman , Albishri Bdullah Atiyyan , Ghassap Sawsan Ahmad , Rashad Alaa Ibrahim , Alanizi Anoud Saud , AL Khathami Mohammed Mesfer Musaed , Alareefi Hind Saad , Brahim Alshammari Hassan Mohammed , Abdullah Alkhathami Bandar Mohammad , Dobayan Alenazi Nawaf Subhi , Mohammed Alhazmi Fares Khalid , Isa Gaddourah Ahmad Mohammed , Alrakhimy Hamad Dafalh
Published: October 2024

Background: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), first identified in the 1960s, manifests as acute hypoxic respiratory failure due to diverse causes like infection and trauma. The incidence varies globally, affecting 7.2 to 34 per 100,000 person-years. While ARDS's historical mortality rate was around 60%, advancements in critical care have reduced it to 26-35%. Despite improvements, ARDS accounts for approximately 75,000 U.S. deaths annually and 3 million global cases, contributing significantly to ICU admissions and mechanical ventilation needs. Aim: This article aims to explore the prehospital management of respiratory distress in ARDS patients, focusing on the effectiveness of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) in the emergency medical services (EMS) setting. The review focus also on radiological picture of ARDS. Methods: A comprehensive review of existing literature was conducted, analyzing studies on CPAP and BiPAP application in ARDS management prehospital settings. The review encompasses efficacy, clinical outcomes, and safety of these non-invasive ventilation strategies. Results: Evidence indicates that both CPAP and BiPAP are beneficial in improving oxygenation and reducing the need for intubation in ARDS patients. These interventions also enhance patient comfort and can stabilize conditions during transport to definitive care.
Handling obstetric emergencies: Paramedic, health informatics, and nursing interventions in prehospital care
Authors: Al Khathami Mohammed Mesfer Musaed , Almohammed ‏Zaina Zaki , Alanzan ‏Ali Abdulaziz , Alanazi ‏Anood Fhid , Alenezi Abdulrahman Ramadhan , Alanazi Mohammed Ayyat , Alotaibi Bader Naif , Alshamri Ahmed Saer , Alenezi Meshal Falah , Alkhathami Bandar Mohammad Abdullah , Alenazi Nawaf Subhi Dobayan , Alhazmi Fares Khalid Mohammed , Al-Jasser Saleh AbdulLatif , Gaddourah Ahmad Mohammed Isa , Alrakhimy Hamad Dafalh , Algfari Sultan Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Background: Maternal mortality rates in the UK have shown only a statistically insignificant decline, highlighting the need for urgent action. Obstetric emergencies remain a critical concern, contributing significantly to maternal mortality. The MBRRACE report underscores the challenges associated with direct and indirect causes of maternal death, particularly emphasizing conditions such as sepsis and hemorrhage. Aim: This article aims to explore paramedic and nursing interventions in managing obstetric emergencies during prehospital care, emphasizing the critical nature of timely and effective treatment. Methods: A comprehensive review of the existing literature was conducted, focusing on the management of obstetric emergencies, particularly sepsis and hemorrhage. Clinical guidelines were analyzed, highlighting key interventions and outcomes related to maternal care. Results: The findings reveal that obstetric emergencies, including sepsis and significant hemorrhage, require immediate and coordinated care from paramedics and nursing staff. Key interventions include early recognition, implementation of the sepsis-3-hour bundle, and effective communication within multidisciplinary teams. Conclusion: Enhancing the knowledge and preparedness of paramedic and nursing teams in managing obstetric emergencies is crucial in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality. Further research and continuous training are necessary to ensure that healthcare providers can respond effectively to these critical situations.
New Trust Based Smart Data Forwarding Mechanism in Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network
Authors: Jangra Seema , Pandit Amit Kant
Published: October 2024

Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network (VDTN) is the growing field with a considerable possibility to handle future wireless application’s requirements. Using vehicles for the data communication purpose can be contemplated as a substitute for the wired and wireless systems. This paper proposes a trust-based data forwarding mechanism for Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network (VDTN). Data forwarding in VDTN requires every vehicular or stationary node to participate in data forwarding. But some time malicious nodes show non-cooperative behaviour in data forwarding. Therefore, malicious nodes must be identified specifically to accelerate the data forwarding. A threshold based social skeleton membership process along with new trust-based data forwarding mechanism is proposed in this paper. We reveal that the social skeleton members perform better in data forwarding in terms of data delivery ratio, data delay and data overhead. Simulation results demonstrate that the trust-based data forwarding improves the data delivery ratio with trust-based data forwarding approach. After simulation a comparative analysis of two different scenarios is presented with epidemic routing, prophet routing and spray and wait routing.
Enhancing Traffic Management in Cyber Physical Systems – A Gradient Based Fuzzy Controller Approach
Authors: Nandhini Ramesh Sneka , Lakshmanan Ramanathan
Published: October 2024

Traffic forecast is a critical aspect of effective traffic management and planning in cyber-physical systems (CPS). In this study, we present a novel approach to traffic prediction and regulation within cyber-physical systems (CPS), introducing the Gradient Rule based Fuzzy Controller. This innovative methodology utilizes dynamic fuzzy logic control enhanced with gradient-based rules to adapt signal timings in real-time, effectively addressing the variable nature of traffic. Our results demonstrate significant improvements in reducing total queue length and delay at intersections, with reductions of up to 91.23%. Furthermore, extensive simulations and evaluations underscore the superiority of our approach compared to state-of-the-art models, highlighting its flexibility and adaptability to diverse traffic scenarios. This research emphasizes the novelty of integrating gradient-based rules into fuzzy control techniques, offering a promising avenue for advancing traffic management systems in CPS environments.
Performance Optimization and Link Reliability in Wireless Body Area Networks
Authors: Kaleem Mohd , Devarajan Ganesh Gopal
Published: October 2024

Long-lasting connectivity and energy-efficient systems are needed for wireless body area networks (WBANs). In addition to the growing commercialization of WBANs, health monitoring applications demand improved quality of service (QoS). For WBAN performance characteristics to improve, it is essential to develop a dependable and energy-efficient link. We provide a cross-layer routing strategy for improving WBAN quality of service in this study. This method employs a cost function that linearly combines the individual absorption rate functions, node energy ratio, and link dependability. This research investigates how the performance of the network varies depending on the parameter combinations used and the size of the contention window, and we use parametric modelling of the cost function. While the development of the QoS focuses on enhancing the packet delivery success rate and network throughput for applications of WBANs, the suggested algorithm primarily increases network lifetime durability by decreasing the node energy consumption with acceptable throughput. WBAN performance optimization criteria using advanced particle swarm optimization (APSO) are proposed in this research to emphasize increasing energy economy, decreasing end-to-end delay and increasing network throughput in various existing methods. The number of live nodes for the proposed method is higher than those of the PSO-LSMR, M-ATTEMPT and EERP. The value of First Node Died is 6301. The value of residual energy, 34.7 J, is also higher for the proposed method than for the compared state-of-the-art algorithms.
Enhancing Small Target Detection in Aerial Imagery with Bi-PAN-FPN and EDMOA-Optimized YOLOv8-s
Authors: Yarramsetti Sarojini , D Rasi , P Srikanth Mylapalli , S Pushpa , P Gopala Krishna , G Gowri
Published: October 2024

Across the globe, people are working to build "smart cities" that will employ technology to make people's lives better and safer. Installing cameras at strategic spots across the city to monitor public spaces besides provide real-time footage to law enforcement besides other local authorities is a crucial part of smart city infrastructure, which includes video surveillance. A more effective answer is provided by deep learning algorithms, however research in this area still faces significant problems from changes in target size, form change, occlusion, and illumination circumstances as seen from the drone's perspective. In light of the aforementioned issues, this study presents a highly effective and resilient approach for aerial picture identification. To begin, the concept of Bi-PAN-FPN is presented to enhance the neck component of YOLOv8-s, taking into consideration the prevalent issue of small targets being easily misdetected or ignored in aerial photos. We achieve a more advanced and thorough feature fusion procedure much as feasible by completely considering and reusing multiscale features. To further reduce the amount of parameters in the model and prevent info loss during long-distance feature transfer, the benchmark model's backbone incorporates the GhostblockV2 structure in lieu of a portion of the C2f module. With the help of the Enhanced Dwarf Mongoose Optimization Algorithm (EDMOA), the suggested model's hyper-parameters are optimised. Lastly, a dynamic nonmonotonic focusing mechanism is employed in conjunction with WiseIoU loss as bounding box regression loss. The detector accounts for varying anchor box quality by utilizing "outlier" evaluations, thus improving the complete presentation of the detection task.
Designing User Experience Improvement and User Behavior Pattern Recognition Algorithms in Design Operation
Authors: Guo Zhao , Park Jongbin
Published: October 2024

Enhancing user experience (UX) is a key component in customer retention and sales promotion in e-commerce platforms. To build an effective UX model it is necessary to predict the user behavior more accurately and develop UX model that is tailored based on those behavior patterns. Existing models lack the ability to integrate advanced Machine Learning (ML) models to address the challenges. This study is an attempt to tackle these limitations that employs advanced AI tools to predict user behavior so that to construct an more effective UX model. The study involved 80 users from China who were aged 26 to 52, with diverse backgrounds in education, occupation, and tech proficiency. The work have employed Google Analytics, Hotjar, and FullStory to collect the user interactions and by using Generalized Sequential Pattern (GSP) algorithm, Decision Trees (DT), and Logistic Regression (LR) the work attempts to accurately predict the user behavior patterns. The results show that the model achieved better accuracy of 0.8795 and an F1 Score of 0.8610 on the test dataset. It also excelled in conversion rate (12.34%) and bounce rate (28.65%) which show effectiveness in retaining users and converting visits into actions.
Diabetic Retinopathy Image Lesion Segmentation with Feature Fusion Relation Transformer Network
Authors: Nowfal Shaymaa Hussein , V Eswaramoorthy , Arivanantham Vishnu Priya , Marapelli Bhaskar , K Swaroopa , M V Ezhil Dyana
Published: October 2024

Diabetes is a common disease that affects different vital organs of the human body, including the eyes. In diabetic patients, a change in blood sugar level leads to eye problems. Around 80% of the patients who have diabetes for more than 10 years have severe eye-related pathological disorders such as retinopathy and maculopathy. Proper detection, diagnosis, and treatment of eye-related pathologies prevent damage to the eye during the earliest stages of diabetic disease—the developed stage findings in patients losing their vision. The retinal damage due to diabetes is termed Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). The treatment of DR involves detecting the presence of the disease in the form of microaneurysms (MA), hemorrhages (HE), and exudates (EX) in the retinal area. The process of segmenting a massive segment of Retinal Images (RI) performs a prominent role in DR classification. The existing research concentrates on Optic Disc (OD) segmentation. This article focuses on the segmentation of MA, HE, and EX using a Feature Fusion Relation Transformer Network (FFRTNet). In this research, the benchmark dataset, the Indian Diabetic Retinopathy Image Dataset (IDRID), is used for the ablation study to evaluate the use of every module. The proposed method, FFRTNet, is compared with state-of-the-art methods. The evaluation of FFRTNet enhances the segmentation by 3.56%, 4.34%, and 3.75% on metrics, namely sensitivity, Intersection-over-Union (IoU), and Dice coefficient (DICE). The qualitative and quantitative results proved the superiority of FFRTNet in segmenting lesions in DR.
Cramer Distance: A Deep Learning Approach for Better Epileptic Seizure Prediction
Authors: Ghanimi Hayder M A , T Santhi Sri , Sadu Vijaya Bhaskar , Yellamma Pachipala , U Surya , Poon Kamal
Published: October 2024

Epilepsy is a neurological condition that is found in most people all over the world, and the ability to accurately anticipate seizures in epileptic patients has a significant impact on both their level of protection and their overall quality of life. This research proposes a unique patient specific seizure prediction approach based on Deep Learning (DL) using long-term scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings to predict seizure onset. Preictal brain states should be adequately detected and differentiated from the prevalent interictal brain states as early as possible to make this technology acceptable for real-time use. A single automated system has been designed for the Features Extraction (FE) and classification processes. The raw EEG signal that has not been pre-processed is considered the input to the system, and the signal is further reduced using subsequent computations. An innovative reconstruction approach using Variational Auto-Encoder Generative Adversarial Networks (VAE+C+GAN) with the Cramer Distance (CD) and a Temporal-Spatial-Frequency (TSF) loss function is presented in this research work. The machine that discriminates receives instructions to differentiate between created tests and actual samples, while the generator is verified to produce false samples that the discriminator does not recognize as fake. The proposed VAE+C+GAN’s experimental results have been examined, and a classification accuracy of 95% has been achieved. According to the experiment's findings, the VAE-C-GAN performs better than the current EEG classification system and has excellent potential for real-time applications.
Edge Computing with Deep Learning and Internet of Things for Recognising and Predicting Students Emotions and Mental Health
Authors: Nowfal Shaymaa Hussein , Ayasrah Firas Tayseer , Sadu Vijaya Bhaskar , V Jasmine Sowmya , A V V S Subbalakshmi , Poon Kamal
Published: October 2024

A person's Mental Health (MH) dramatically influences their complete evolution in life, including their cognitive, emotional, and psychomotor components. A person with good MH is content with life and can be creative, learn new things, and take risks to accomplish more significant objectives. Currently, college students are dealing with MH concerns for various causes, which affect their academic performance and significantly contribute to poor academic results. Therefore, encouraging MH in college students presents a significant problem for educators, parents, teacher educators, and governments. Adolescence is a crucial and delicate time characterized by considerable physical, emotional, social, and religious changes. The physical, social, and psychological facets of an individual's growth are laid out in this period, with mental health as a crucial factor in promoting these gains. Therefore, it becomes crucial for researchers to use Deep Learning (DL) algorithms to study the association between MH and vital psychological characteristics, such as emotional intelligence, personality traits, and intelligence. The personal aspects, namely personality, emotional intelligence, and MH are all related ideas that influence one another. Individuals must have mental well-being and emotional harmony to have a good personality. The current study uses DL techniques to investigate the relationship between college students' MH, emotional intelligence, and personality features. To perform a thorough study on emotion identification and Mental Health Prediction (MHP) among college students, this project investigates the integration of edge computing enabled by the Internet of Things (IoT) in the context of intelligent systems. Innovative treatments are urgently needed due to this population's rising prevalence of MH issues. This paper aims to continuously monitor and predict college students' MH using Edge Computing (EC) and IoT technology.
Integrating Canonical Correlation Analysis with Random Forest for Heart Disease Prediction
Authors: D Vetrithangam , Bala Krishnan Sivaneasan , S Siva Shankar , Chakrabarti Prasun
Published: October 2024

Heart disease, a leading global cause of death over the past several decades, encompasses a range of disorders affecting the heart. Researchers use various data mining and machine learning techniques to analyze complex medical data, aiding healthcare professionals in predicting cardiac conditions. Despite these advances, existing models often struggle with effectively modelling non-linear relationships, maximizing feature correlation, and addressing challenges related to dimensionality and overfitting. This research paper introduces the Hybrid CCRF model for heart disease prediction, which integrates Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) with Random Forest. The proposed model generates polynomial features to capture non-linear relationships and applies Canonical Correlation Analysis to identify canonical variables that maximize correlations between heart disease features and chronic condition features. By combining these canonical variables into a single feature set, the model enhances prediction accuracy. The objectives of the Hybrid CCRF model are threefold: 1) To capture complex non-linear relationships between heart disease and chronic condition features by integrating polynomial feature generation with Canonical Correlation Analysis, thereby improving the model’s ability to represent intricate data patterns; 2) To use CCA to identify and integrate canonical variables that enhance feature correlation, creating a more informative feature set; and 3) To address high-dimensional data and overfitting issues by combining canonical variables with polynomial features in a Random Forest model, balancing complexity and performance for improved generalization and robustness across various datasets. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 99.45%, with a sensitivity of 98.53%, specificity of 99.54%, precision of 95.73%, and an F1 Score of 0.9711, outperforming all existing models.
Integrating Deep Learning and Homomorphic Encryption for Secure Image Transmission
Authors: B Suvitha , D Murugan
Published: October 2024

This paper introduces a novel approach to securing medical image transmission through the integration of deep learning techniques into cryptographic processes. Leveraging the capabilities of Backpropagation (BP), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Residual Networks (ResNet), and Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), our method aims to enhance the privacy and security of medical images in real-time applications like telemedicine. The proposed system focuses on optimizing performance metrics including Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM), Mean Average Precision (MAP), and encryption speed. Through experimental evaluation, our approach demonstrates promising results in terms of encryption efficiency and preservation of image quality. By addressing the critical need for secure transmission methods in healthcare, this research contributes to advancing the field of medical image cryptography and lays the groundwork for further exploration in deep learning-based security solutions for healthcare data.
Rutstroemia coracina, a new ascomycete record for the mycobiota of Türkiye
Authors: Uzun Yasin , Kaya Abdullah
Published: October 2024

Rutstroemia coracina (Durieu & Lév.) Dennis (Rutstroemiaceae – Helotiales) was reported for the first time from Türkiye, based on the identification of the samples collected from Islahiye and Nurdağı districts of Gaziantep province. This species is the fourth member of the genus Rutstroemia P. Karst. in Türkiye. A brief description of the specimen is provided together with the photographs, related to its macro and micro-morphologies.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Perpustakaan SMA Negeri 1 Gombong Berbasis Web Menggunakan Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) dan MySQL
Authors: Putra Adam Nusa , Muflih Ghufron Zaida
Published: October 2024

PHP merupakan bahasa pemrograman open-source yang populer dan sering digunakan dalam pengembangan aplikasi web, karena kemudahan dalam pembelajaran, banyaknya library yang tersedia, serta kemampuannya untuk berintegrasi dengan database MySQL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan sistem informasi perpustakaan yang dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pengelolaan perpustakaan sekolah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Waterfall, yang terdiri dari tahap analisis kebutuhan, perancangan sistem, implementasi, dan pengujian. Pada tahap analisis kebutuhan, dilakukan identifikasi terhadap kebutuhan pengguna serta penentuan fitur-fitur utama yang harus ada dalam sistem, seperti pencarian buku, peminjaman dan pengembalian buku, serta pengelolaan data anggota perpustakaan. Tahap perancangan meliputi pembuatan model sistem dan desain database yang mendukung integrasi dan efisiensi dalam pengelolaan data perpustakaan. Implementasi dilakukan dengan mengembangkan sistem menggunakan PHP sebagai bahasa pemrograman dan MySQL sebagai sistem manajemen basis data. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah aplikasi sistem informasi perpustakaan berbasis web yang responsif dan user-friendly, yang dirancang khusus untuk memenuhi kebutuhan perpustakaan SMA Negeri 1 Gombong. Aplikasi ini menyediakan fitur-fitur utama seperti pencarian buku, manajemen peminjaman dan pengembalian buku, serta pengelolaan data anggota perpustakaan. Selain itu, sistem ini juga dirancang dengan antarmuka yang intuitif, sehingga memudahkan pengguna dalam mengoperasikannya. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dan evaluasi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem informasi perpustakaan berbasis web ini memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan efisiensi pengelolaan data perpustakaan. Dengan menggunakan PHP dan MySQL, aplikasi ini terbukti menjadi solusi teknologi yang efektif dan efisien untuk mendukung operasional perpustakaan di SMA Negeri 1 Gombong
The evaluation of neurologists’ awareness on hepatitis B virus reactivation before launching immunosuppressive treatment
Authors: Tarakci Arzu , Eroğlu Esma , Demir Aysegul
Published: October 2024

Background: Individuals encountering hepatitis B virus (HBV) are at risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVr) when exposed to immunosuppressive (IS) therapy. Here, we aimed to evaluate neurologists’ knowledge on HBVr in patients receiving IS treatment and draw attention to importance of the issue.
Methods: Eighty-six physicians from neurology departments throughout Turkey between 1st March- 30th April 2020 were enrolled.
Results: Of 86 physicians (average age 37.2±7.6 years), 34 (39.5%) were affiliated with university hospitals, 23 (26.7%) in training and research hospitals, and 29 (33.6%) in secondary healthcare centers. While 28 (32.5%) stated following a guideline, 58 (67.4%) declared following no guidelines. Physicians receiving postgraduate training on HBVr administered prophylaxis before IS treatment at a higher rate (p=0.04), and 69 (80.2%) considered all patients receiving any IS treatment should be screened for HBVr. To all participants, patients selected for screening should be tested for HBsAg; 83 (96.6%) and 29 (33.3%) stated patients should be tested for anti-HBs and anti-HBc IgG, respectively.
Conclusion: Given our study findings, rate of screening performed by neurologists to give IS treatment for HBVr and their awareness level on the situation were not found to be sufficient. In addition, two more important factors required to be raised awareness were detected in our study: First, the rate of using anti-HBc in screening is low, and the awareness should be increased in this direction. Secondly, the risk of HBVr should be categorized in terms of IS treatment and host in our country where HBV infection is seen at a high rate, and determining the prophylactic approach is insufficient.
Risk of stroke in Alzheimer’s disease: A meta-analysis
Authors: Juan Liu  , Xiaomeng Wang  , Yanni Ru  , Na Yang  , Yufeng Zhang  , Zhang Bei
Published: October 2024

Background: Stroke occurs when a blood vessel of the brain narrowed or completely blocked. Stroke and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are the commonest diseases in elderly. Some studies confirm the association between AD and the increased risk of stroke.
Methods: In present meta-analysis we conducted a systematic analysis on risk of stroke in AD patients. A thorough literature search was conducted using different databases, including Google Scholar and MEDLINE. The present metanalysis includes all the studies published from 2010 to 2023. We found more than 57,260 matching results and five were relevant to our area of interest and met all the selection criteria.
Results: All the selected studies confirm the association of stroke with AD. The AD patients were al higher risk of stroke (ischemic and haemorrhagic) than the normal individuals.
Conclusion: Present meta-analysis confirms the significant association of AD with stroke. There were only five studies available. To validate the results further evidences are required.