bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adults with unilateral lower-limb amputation: greater spatial extent of pain is associated with worse adjustment, greater activity restrictions, and less prosthesis satisfaction
Authors: Sions Jaclyn Megan , Beisheim-Ryan Emma Haldane , Pohlig Ryan Todd , Seth Mayank
Published: February 2022

Objectives

This study’s primary purpose was to determine if the extent of bodily pain, as evaluated with pain body diagrams, is associated with prosthetic-related activity restrictions, adjustment, and satisfaction among adults with a major unilateral lower-limb amputation. A secondary objective was to evaluate between-days, test-retest reliability for pain body diagrams among adults with lower-limb amputation.

Methods

Adults with a lower-limb amputation that occurred ≥1 year prior participated in an online, cross-sectional research study. Outcome measures included pain body diagrams and the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales-Revised, which evaluates post-amputation activity restrictions, psychosocial adjustment, and prosthesis satisfaction. Linear regression modeling was used to evaluate associations between the number of painful body regions and prosthetic outcomes, after considering covariates (alpha ≤ 0.010). A subset of participants recompleted pain body diagrams to evaluate between-days, test-retest reliability.

Results

Data from 74 participants (n = 32 female; n = 42 transtibial-level; n = 27 traumatic etiology) were available. Beyond covariates (i.e., age, sex, amputation level), the total number of painful body regions was significantly associated with all Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales-Revised subscales (p < 0.001–0.006), with the exception of Social Adjustment (p = 0.764). The total number of painful body regions explained 14.5, 11.8, 11.6, and 7.4% of the variance in Functional Satisfaction with the Prosthesis, Adjustment to Limitation, General Adjustment, and Activity Restriction, respectively. In a subset (n = 54), test-retest reliability for total number of painful body regions per body diagrams was good [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)3,1 = 0.84].

Conclusions

A greater number of painful body regions is associated with greater activity restriction, worse adjustment, and lower prosthesis satisfaction, supporting the need to enhance post-amputation pain management and both amputated- and secondary-site pain prevention.

Ethical committee number

IRB #1611862.
Employing political persuasion to manage rapport: qualitative analysis of campaign leaflets in Sheffield Central constituency
Authors: Zhu Wuhan , Zhu Yangfei
Published: February 2022

Rapport management is argued to be a critical antecedent of voter support in election campaigns, as it can motivate cooperation. However, little research has been conducted exploring how rapport is managed in such practice. In the present study, the campaign leaflets of four political parties in Sheffield Central constituency for the 2017 UK general election were analysed in relation to rapport-management strategies. Three domains of discourse were identified and classified in terms of one or more of the six principles of persuasion: Reciprocity, Consistency and Commitment, Social Proof, Authority, Liking, and Scarcity. The findings showed that Reciprocity and Liking were the commonly employed principles in the rapport-management strategies. These two principles were established in the leaflets by justifying and explaining credentials. Authority played a major role in influencing the functioning of the other principles in the rapport-management strategies. Specifically, the more authority a party had, the stronger the commitment made to act as rapport-management strategies. In contrast, the less authority a party had, the greater social proof and scarcity were involved in the strategies.
The composition of the gut microbiome in patients with sarcopenia
Authors: Wu Yue , Xia Yanting , Huang Shunmei , Liu Shiyu , Yang Ji , Yang Yunmei , Zhu Xuan
Published: February 2022

Objectives

The purpose of this study is to predict sarcopenia by analyzing the composition of the gut microbiota.

Methods

We collected fecal samples for 16S rRNA sequencing, then we used the data results to analyze the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota and calculated the relationship between biochemical indexes and the microbiota.

Results

According to PCA and heatmap analysis, the characteristics of patients could be divided into two categories. Moreover, the P/B (Prevotella/Bacteroides) ratio of the sarcopenia group was higher than that of the control group in terms of relative abundance. A box plot based on the Chao1 and observed OTU values indicated both the relative abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota in sarcopenia patients were lower than those in the control group. After we applied binary logistic regression and ROC curve analysis to the data, we confirmed that three indexes (P/B value, Coprococcus, and Lachnospiraceae) could be used to predict sarcopenia.

Conclusions

We can distinguish sarcopenia patients through the gut microbiota P/B index (over 1.7), the relative amount of Coprococcus (1.00–3.70%), and the relative amount of Lachnospiraceae (0.00–1.68%). Sarcopenia can be predicted with the help of the gut micro-community, which provides an improvement in methodology.
Particle resolved numerical modeling of unsteady forced convection of nanofluid around a porous cuboid with sinusoidal inlet velocity
Authors: Mohammadi Mahsa , Massoudifarid Milad , Hojaji Mohammad , Karimipour Arash , Hwang Jungho , Massoudi Farid Massoud
Published: February 2022

In this research, the laminar, incompressible, unsteady oscillatory flow and convective heat transfer of nanofluid around a porous cuboid were studied two-dimensionally using particle resolved calculations. Several cuboids of different sizes and porosities and with a constant temperature were subjected to a nanofluid flow with a sinusoidal velocity profile. The effects of the Reynolds number (Re = 100–900), the volume fraction of nanoparticles, the aspect ratio of the porous cuboid, the Darcy number and the amplitude and frequency of the inlet velocity on the flow field and heat transfer were investigated. To evaluate the system’s optimal performance, performance evaluation criteria (PEC) were also investigated. The results showed that increasing the Reynolds number improved thermal performance. Increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles increased the Nusselt number; however, the pressure drop coefficient increased more strongly. The heat transfer and pressure drop coefficient increased in line with the growth of the porous cuboid aspect ratio. When the Darcy number was increased, the Nusselt number first increased and then decreased and the pressure drop coefficient continuously decreased. A higher amplitude of the inlet velocity profile augmented the heat transfer and pressure drop coefficient. An increase in the amplitude and frequency of the inlet velocity profile widened the range of drag and lift coefficients. Furthermore, flow at different inlet velocity frequencies (f
* = 0–10) behaved differently; as a result, the maximum rate of heat transfer and pressure drop was obtained at f
*=5. However, considering the ratio of the Nusselt number to the pressure drop coefficient and PEC parameter, the optimum frequency was f
*=9.
Caracterización agro-morfológica de 20 cultivares de frijol caupí (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) en Yucatán, México
Authors: Da Conceicao dos Santos Luis Filipe , Ruiz Sánchez Esaú , Jimenez Osornio Juan José
Published: February 2022

El frijol caupí (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) es una leguminosa con alto valor nutricional y el conocimiento de su diversidad y potencial agronómico contribuye a establecer las bases para su conservación y uso sostenible. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar las características morfológicas y comportamiento agronómico de 20 cultivares de frijol caupí en Yucatán. El experimento se realizó en campo, mediante un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y de varianza. Además, se realizó un análisisde conglomerados mediante el método UPGMA. Se encontró una elevada variabilidad morfológica entre los cultivares. El análisis de conglomerados agrupó los cultivares en cuatro grupos con base en características morfológicas y de origen. Destacaron los cultivares 1, 10, y 13 de ciclo corto y elevado rendimiento como candidatos para un programa de mejoramiento regional.
¿Por qué delinquen nuestros niños? Niñez y publicaciones criminológicas (Buenos Aires, 1930-1946)
Authors: Dovio Mariana
Published: February 2022

Around 1930 in Buenos Aires, physicians and lawyers began asking why children were committing crimes as part of a penal agenda revealed in publications such as the Revista de Psiquiatría, Criminología y Medicina Legal and the Anales de la Sociedad Argentina de Criminología from 1930 to 1946. Emerging from this discourse, conceived as a social practice, was an approach to the dangerous nature of childhood, linked to biological qualities, environmental factors and issues related to family and gender which were flagged as a precursor to crime. Advances in endocrinology, criminal biotypology, and psychiatry were resumed, with these subjects also addressed at the First International Congress on Criminology in Rome and the First Latin American Congress on Criminology in Buenos Aires, both held in 1938. A qualitative analysis of the discourse reveals a blend of the incidence of the biological and the social in the dangerous nature of childhood.
Chronic Behavioral Manipulation via Orally Delivered Chemogenetic Actuator in Macaques
Authors: Oyama Kei , Hori Yukiko , Nagai Yuji , Miyakawa Naohisa , Mimura Koki , Hirabayashi Toshiyuki , Inoue Ken-ichi , Takada Masahiko , Higuchi Makoto , Minamimoto Takafumi
Published: February 2022

The chemogenetic technology referred to as designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) offers reversible means to control neuronal activity for investigating its functional correlation with behavioral action. Deschloroclozapine (DCZ), a recently developed highly potent and selective DREADD actuator, displays a capacity to expand the utility of DREADDs for chronic manipulation without side effects in nonhuman primates, which has not yet been validated. Here we investigated the pharmacokinetics and behavioral effects of orally administered DCZ in female and male macaque monkeys. Pharmacokinetic analysis and PET occupancy examination demonstrated that oral administration of DCZ yielded slower and prolonged kinetics, and that its bioavailability was 10%-20% of that in the case of systemic injection. Oral DCZ (300-1000 μg/kg) induced significant working memory impairments for at least 4 h in monkeys with hM4Di expressed in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Brodmann's area 46). Repeated daily oral doses of DCZ consistently caused similar impairments over two weeks without discernible desensitization. Our results indicate that orally delivered DCZ affords a less invasive strategy for chronic but reversible chemogenetic manipulation of neuronal activity in nonhuman primates, and this has potential for clinical application.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe use of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) for chronic manipulation of neuronal activity for days to weeks may be feasible for investigating brain functions and behavior on a long time-scale, and thereby for developing therapeutics for brain disorders, such as epilepsy. Here we performed pharmacokinetics andin vivooccupancy study of orally administered deschloroclozapine to determine a dose range suitable for DREADDs studies. In monkeys expressing hM4Di in the prefrontal cortex, single and repeated daily doses significantly induced working-memory impairments for hours and over two weeks, respectively, without discernible desensitization. These results indicate that orally delivered deschloroclozapine produces long-term stable chemogenetic effects, and holds great promise for the translational use of DREADDs technology.
KINERJA SEKOLAH DIPREDIKSI DARI BIAYA PENDIDIKAN, KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH, PERAN KOMITE SEKOLAH, DAN IKLIM SEKOLAH
Authors: Amaliah Afifah Nur , Kardoyo Kardoyo , Santoso Jarot Tri Bowo
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh langsung biaya pendidikan, kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, peran komite sekolah, dan iklim sekolah secara parsial terhadap mutu lulusan, dan pengaruh tidak langsung melalui mutu proses. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif ex-post facto dengan sampel 28 SMA Negeri yang dipilih menggunakan menggunakan teknik cluster sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode dokumentasi dan angket. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, analisis jalur dan uji sobel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Secara parsial biaya pendidikan, iklim sekolah, peran komite sekolah, dan mutu proses berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap mutu lulusan. (2) Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap mutu lulusan. (3) Biaya pendidikan dan iklim sekolah berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap mutu proses. (4) Mutu proses dapat memediasi biaya pendidikan dan iklim sekolah terhadap mutu lulusan secara parsial, dan tidak dapat memediasi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan peran komite sekolah terhadap mutu lulusan. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian menunjukan bahwa mutu proses  hanya berperan sebagai mediator pada biaya pendidikan dan iklim sekolah.
PENGARUH ORIENTASI PASAR, ORIENTASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN DAN INOVASI PRODUK TERHADAP KINERJA PEMASARAN UKM
Authors: Zuliasanti Kiki , Rusdarti Rusdarti , Sakitri Wijang
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh orientasi pasar, orientasi kewirausahaan dan inovasi produk terhadap kinerja pemasaran secara bersama-sama dan parsial. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 2.938 UKM Mebel di Kecamatan Tahunan Kabupaten Jepara. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 97 UKM. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah Proportional Random Sampling. Metode pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis regresi linier berganda.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orientasi pasar, orientasi kewirausahaan dan inovasi produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pemasaran. Pengaruh simultan sebesar 73% sedangkan pengaruh secara parsial orientasi pasar sebesar 30,80%, orientasi kewirausahaan sebesar 18,31%, dan inovasi produk sebesar 8,76%. Simpulan penelitian bahwa orientasi pasar, orientasi kewirausahaan dan inovasi produk mempengaruhi kinerja pemasaran.
PENGARUH PENGAWASAN, MOTIVASI, DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DISTANBUN
Authors: Srigati Srigati , Ismiyati Ismiyati
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengawasan, motivasi, dan kompetensi terhadap kinerja pegawai di Distanbun secara simultan maupun parsial. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pegawai Dinas Pertanian dan Perkebunan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teori Slovin dengan jumlah sampel 136 responden. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis menggunakan bantuan progam IBM SPSS 21.00 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persamaan regresi linear berganda diperoleh persamaan: KP= 52,076+0,181P+0,115M+0,139K+e menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara pengawasan, motivasi, dan kompetensi pegawai terhadap kinerja pegawai di Distanbun baik secara simultan maupun secara parsial. Adapun secara simultan yang dibuktikan dengan uji F diperoleh F hitung sebesar 26,955% dan secara parsial yang dibuktikan dengan uji t diperoleh t hitung sebesar 3,021, untuk variabel pengawasan (X1), 2,527, untuk variabel motivasi (X2), dan 2,457 untuk variabel kompetensi (X3). Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh 1) pengawasan terhadap kinerja pegawai, 2) motivasi terhadap kinerja pegawai, 3) kompetensi pegawai terhadap kinerja pegawai di Distanbun.
Potential of Ginger (Zingiber officinale), as anti-hypercholesterolemia to prevent metabolic syndrome: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Melani Beta , Vikasari Suci Nar
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background: One of the symptoms of metabolic syndrome is an increase in cholesterol levels in the blood. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a herbal plant that has several active compounds that can help improve lipid levels in the blood.

Aim: This systematic study was conducted to examine the potential of ginger as an anti-hypercholesterolemia to prevent metabolic syndrome.

Methods: The study was conducted on Indonesian-language articles through the Google Scholar Indonesia database. The inclusion criteria used were articles in Indonesian, preclinical and clinical experimental research, and complete articles that were accessible free of charge.

Results: The results of the study show that the anti-cholesterol effect of ginger has been proven both preclinically and clinically. To reduce blood cholesterol levels, ginger can be used combined with other herbs. Some of the active ingredients in ginger are phenolic compounds, including gingerols and shogaols. The suspected mechanism of action is to affect the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme by inhibiting the oxidation pathway and as antiinflammation.

Conclusion: Ginger has the potential to prevent metabolic syndrome by reducing cholesterol levels in the blood

Keywords: Ginger, Zingiber officinale, hypercholesterolemia, metabolic syndrome
The Antibacterial Activity of Acanthus ilicifolius L. n-Hexane Fraction
Authors: Warsinah Warsinah , Wijaya Triyadi Hendra , Ekowati Nuraeni
Published: February 2022

Background: Recently, with the high prevalence of diarrhoea caused by bacterial infection, the usage of antibiotics has increased. Antibiotic overuse might lead to several side effects and resistance, suggesting the development of an alternate antibacterial agent. A mangrove plant, Acanthus Illinois, contained triterpenoid, which has antibacterial properties.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effect of the Acanthus Illinois n-hexane fraction against Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae.

Method: The Acanthus Illinois was fraction using n-Hexane, identification of secondary metabolite compound using GC-MS, and evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae under paper disc methods. This study was designed using a fully randomized design (CRD) with concentrations of fractions 1%, 2%, and 4%. The GC-MS results were compared to the WILEY 9 library and analysed. A prism graph was used to measure the inhibition zone of antibacterial activity.

Result: The n-hexane fraction yield is 3.3% and contains sesquiterpene compounds (trans (beta.)-caryophyllene, alpha humulene, naphthalene decahedron-4A-methyl), terpenoid alcohol (3,7,11,15-tetramethyl -2-hexadecane-1-ol), and fatty acids (hexadecanoic acid methyl ester. Acanthus Illinois n-hexane fraction has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae in a dose-dependent manner.  

Conclusion: The n-hexane fraction of leaves Acanthus ilicifolius contains sesquiterpene, alcohol terpenoids, and fatty, and has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae
Interacción de argumentos y valores. Puentes entre la Inteligencia Artificial y la Psicología del Razonamiento
Authors: Bodanza Gustavo Adrián
Published: February 2022

Los modelos de argumentación propuestos desde la Inteligencia Artificial ofrecen simplicidad y precisión para analizar la aceptabilidad de un argumento en interacción con otros. Sin embargo, se presentan dudas a la hora de ponderar su corrección, ya que el carácter, más dialéctico que lógico, de la argumentación impide contar con una semántica formal con la cual relacionarla. Aquí comentaremos los modelos de argumentación basada en valores de Gabbay y de Bench-Capon. Gabbay, por caso, busca implementar la intuición de que enfrentar argumentos que promueven un mismo valor (religioso, político, jurídico, etc.) es más efectivo que hacerlo desde un valor distinto no compartido. Valiéndome de algunos ejemplos tomados de la literatura, mostraré la importancia de tender puentes entre los modelos y lo empírico que permitan contrastar dicha intuición. Argumentaré que hay problemas tanto conceptuales como representacionales que es necesario atacar, y señalaré algunas líneas de investigación experimental en tales direcciones.
Shattering Silences: Dictions, Contradictions, and Ethnic Studies at the Crossroads
Authors: George Lipsitz
Published: February 2022

The denial of tenure at Harvard to Lorgia García-Peña is a defeat for academic excellence and for social justice. Yet the mechanisms deployed to enact it are so transparently illegitimate that it holds the potential to be the kind of short-term defeat that points the way toward long-term victory in the future. The tenure denial is an insult and an injury that demands a collective response from antiracist and decolonial scholars. Turning indignation into action requires receiving the message sent by Harvard not as it was intended, as a warning to other scholars against walking down the trail blazed by García-Peña, but instead as a prompt toward the opposite conclusion, to choose to follow in her footsteps. Her dismissal from the Harvard faculty can be one of those moments in history when repression goes too far, becomes too transparent, compromises its own credibility, and comes back to haunt its perpetrators. This can become a watershed moment for the field of ethnic studies and the constituencies to which it is accountable if ethnic studies teachers and students analyze, interpret, and build on it in the right ways.
Susto, Sugar, and Song: ire’ne lara silva’s Chicana Diabetic Poetics
Authors: Ellis Amanda
Published: February 2022

This article analytically traverses and closely reads a series of poems from Chicana feminist writer ire’ne lara silva’s 2016 collection Blood Sugar Canto, advancing the term “Chicana diabetic poetics” to describe a generic strain unifying lara silva’s poetic project. Shifting between Chicana feminist literary criticism, theories of decoloniality, and studies in the health humanities, this article argues that Blood Sugar Canto upends larger biomedical understandings of diabetes and its treatment by posing a call to treat susto (fear) and thereby elaborates ideas surrounding culturally competent and holistic healthcare practices. By imagining new healing modalities—fused by Chicana creative power and based on the tenets of curanderismo and the power of folk song—lara silva enacts a limpia (cleansing) by way of poetic song.
Contesting Legal Borderlands: Policing Insubordinate Spaces in Imperial County’s Farm Worker Communities, 1933–1940
Authors: Ruiz Stevie
Published: February 2022

In this article, I analyze the ways in which Mexican farm worker activists inhabited spaces that placed them in a state of legal ambiguity. Indeed, landowners possessed legal authority to punish labor protesters who organized in public space. At the same time, farm workers’ privacy rights were undermined by the tactics that police used to spy on organizing activities. Historians covering this time period have focused on the punitive measures used to silence farm workers. One blind spot in the historiography about farm worker social movements are the quasi-publics that activists created in order to challenge corporate spatial relations in Southern California’s Imperial County. To rely on binaries that neatly package private and public spheres hides the transgressive actions taken by protesters to blur corporate boundaries.
Situating Blackness and Antiracism in a Global Frame: Key Works for a Study of the Dominican Republic
Authors: Manley Elizabeth S. , Mayes April J.
Published: February 2022

This syllabus provides a starting point for those interested in learning and teaching about race and Blackness in the Dominican Republic, both within and beyond the U.S. academic context. While the dominant narrative emerging from the United States tends to cast all Dominicans as both anti-Black and anti-Haitian, the Dominican Republic has a long history of Black liberation that can be understood only if we pay attention to the complicated, nuanced, and historical ways in which race and national identities, as in all places, have been constructed by various groups and forces. This reading list provides a point of departure for understanding the many scholarly and public-facing works in English that have, over the past decade, grappled with these many complications of race, nation, and identity-making. Specifically, it traces the three main frameworks that have become axiomatic in the field for contextualizing Dominican concepts of race and nation: (1) island-wide struggles for sovereignty and emancipation across the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, (2) the powerful forces of neocolonialism that facilitated U.S. occupation of the island in the early twentieth century, and (3) the struggles for modern sovereignty and the legacies of occupation that resulted in dictatorial leadership across Hispaniola, namely by François and Jean-Claude Duvalier in Haiti and Rafael Trujillo and Joaquín Balaguer in the Dominican Republic.
Living Barriers and the Emotional Labor of Accessing Care from the Margins
Authors: Farfán-Santos Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the deeply entrenched inequalities and barriers in the U.S. healthcare system. Past research would suggest that extant barriers to care for undocumented immigrant communities, such as those pertaining to citizenship status, class, race, language fluency, and employment status as well as increased demands for documentation, fear of deportation, and general mistrust in the public healthcare system (Heyman, Nuñez, and Talavera 2009; Flores 2015; Hacker et al. 2015), would be amplified within the pandemic climate, making access to care even more difficult. Building from my research on undocumented motherhood and health access, I explore the emotional labor performed by undocumented communities in navigating multiple barriers to accessing public health services as a way to think more deeply about the struggles these communities may be facing during the current COVID-19 pandemic, but also as a way to imagine what kind of work might be required fundamentally to remove barriers to health and improve long-term access to care for the most vulnerable communities.
Essentially Surplus: The Struggle for the California Domestic Worker Bill of Rights (AB 241) and the Afterlife of Reproductive Slavery
Authors: Zárate Salvador
Published: February 2022

This article offers an account of the relationship between “essential” and the category of labor by examining how reproductivity, as the foundation—what is essential—to all work, life, and sociality, is, as Kalindi Vora argues, rendered (and renders those who perform it) into racialized surplus, a condition of devaluation and disposability premised on the extraction and exhaustion of life. I draw on a year of ethnographic research with domestic worker activists following the 2014 implementation of California’s Domestic Worker Bill of Rights (AB 241). This breakthrough bill overturned domestic and at-home care worker labor exclusions grounded in New Deal labor legislation that shored up the rights (and category) of the industrial worker and offered major concessions for organized labor while legally cementing the exploitation and unfree labor conditions of the South’s Black women domestic workers. Rather than positioning California migrant women’s domestic worker activism as a compelling teleological and linear challenge and victory against Jim Crow–era exclusion, however, I tarry in the overlap and disjuncture that such tied fates represent under settler racial capital and demonstrate how this alternative tracing of reproductivity confounds notions of labor, value, and inclusion at the core of the U.S. racial liberal state. I contend that the conditions of New Deal industrial capitalism, shaped as they were by Jim Crow anti-Blackness and the afterlife of reproductive slavery, now form the originary knot through which current-day racialized migrant women’s reproductive labor and life is appropriated under the neoliberal reorganization of care in the United States. I term this atemporal modality of racialized extraction essentially surplus, a “racializing process” that subsumes the life and bodies of racialized migrant women as if they essentially occupy the same category of surplus life occupied by Black women domestic workers historically.
COVID-19, Life, and Re-existence in an Afro-Colombian Community
Authors: Mañunga-Arroyo Ángela , Mornan-Barrera Debaye , Quiñones Juan David
Published: February 2022

COVID-19 has exacerbated racial violence against the Black population in Colombia. Black communities cannot choose in this context between isolating themselves so as not to get sick and disobeying quarantine so as not to starve. This article invites reflection on the politics of death and life in the Colombian city of Cali. It focuses primarily on the necropolitical dimension of the pandemic, paying attention to the deaths directly or indirectly caused by state negligence of Black lives. Still, it also considers the strategies of resistance by Black communities embracing self-care campaigns and collective care initiatives. If, on the one hand, the pandemic has deepened structural violence and anti-Black racism in Colombia, it has also provided opportunities to reinvent ways of collective survival. Faced with no choices, community organizers have developed actions not only to counteract the biosocial effects of the pandemic but also to create other possibilities of living. These efforts reveal is that Black solidarity, in times of crisis, is part of Black pedagogies of defending life and autonomy and reaffirming Blackness.
Red Line Lullaby, directed by Yehuda Sharim
Authors: Ellis Amanda
Published: February 2022

None
Badges without Borders: How Global Counterinsurgency Transformed American Policing, by Stuart Schrader
Authors: Gonzales David-James
Published: February 2022

None
A comparative analysis of occupational stress coping strategies in education specialists’
Authors: Alifanovienė Daiva , Gerulaitis Darius , Kepalaitė Albina , Šapelytė Odeta , Vaitkevičienė Asta
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the occupational stress strategies of education support specialists. Teachers are expected not only to work with students in the classroom but also to perform their duties as an administrator, to rally various resources for meeting the needs of the students and their parents as well as other community members; also to be an innovator, advisor and mediator etc., which creates a high level of (occupational) stress. The main objective of the article is to identify how education specialists’ develop stress coping strategies and to attempt to answer the following problem questions: What is the focus of Lithuanian education specialists’ in stress coping support strategies?  What are the links between the stress coping strategies used and socio-demographic characteristics? A quantitative research design was conducted to identify the stress coping strategies used by the specialists working in the education system.  (N= 478). Occupational stress experienced by education specialists becomes a serious test not only to the physical and mental health of the professional and his / her family, the potential loss of working capacity and also to the quality of work of the educational institution and the internal culture of the organisation.
Risks and resilience of students with hearing impairment in an inclusive school at Bengkala, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Suranata Kadek , Atmoko Adi , Bolo Rangka Itsar , Ifdil Ifdil
Published: February 2022

This phenomenological study describs some risks and sources of resilience of students with hearing impairment in an inclusive school at Bengkala, Bali, Indonesia. The data were obtained from four students with hearing impairment, and some related key informants, through semi-structured in-depth interview and observation. The steps of analyses followed a phenomenological research approach. The result of the study shows that (1) there are three serious risk factors, namely family poverty, student’s difficulties in understanding verbal language and learning materials, and student’s emotional distortion; (2) there are five personal sources of resilience, they involve self-efficacy, cooperation skills, talents or special skills, gratitude, and positive hope; (3) there are four social support sources of resilience, they are family, school, peers, and community. This study also discussed an attempt to improve the success of children with hearing loss through developing psychological and social functioning, and enhancing achievement in inclusive schools.
Students’ Attitudes Towards the Standardisation of the Lithuanian Language
Authors: Matulionytė Akvilė , Jakaitė-Bulbukienė Kristina
Published: February 2022

Lithuania’s national language policy has been a frequently discussed topic in the broad Lithuanian society over the recent years. Due to this, it has been made known that Lithuania’s national language policy is an issue that is currently significant to various members of the speech community. Understanding how a speech community views and accepts their country’s national language policy is crucial in developing that policy well and having the community embrace it. The aim of the research presented in this article was to assess Lithuanian students’ attitudes towards the country’s current national language policy and the standard Lithuanian language. A qualitative questionnaire, which 125 respondents participated in, was conducted to reach this aim. The analysis of the students’ language attitudes revealed that they tended to view the standard language as highly prestigious and to associate the use of this language variant with socially admirable cognitive qualities (especially with formal education though preconceptions about the personality qualities of such speakers were differentiated, either negative or positive. The students tended to associate the use of non-standard written language forms (colloquially called ‘language mistakes’) with socially unadmirable cognitive qualities (especially a lack of formal education) though they also tended to normalise it and not express strong negative attitudes towards such persons. The students tended to express neutral attitudes towards the current national Lithuanian language standardisation; however, they also named more negative aspects of the current national standardisation practices than positive ones, mainly centered around a perceived dissonance between standard forms and language forms widely used by the speech community, stagnation of national language standardisation processes, as well as excessive or unfunctional translation of foreign terms. The students’ attitudes towards national language standardisation were found to be positively related to their aesthetic attitudes towards the standard language. Positive attitudes regarding the matter were also more prevalent in female research participants and philology students (especially in students of Lithuanian philology). However, the students that had had experience in professional text editing tended to express more negative attitudes. The research presented in this article may be useful in the efforts to improve Lithuania’s national language policy, as well as in the development of further research on the Lithuanian speech community members’ language attitudes.
The gold potential of the northern Black Sea region
Authors: SHNYUKOV Ye.F. , MASLAKOV M.O. , NAUMENKO U.Z.
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of the analysis and evaluation of gold occurrences of the Northern Black Sea and Crimea. The increased gold content of this region is associated primarily with magmatism and volcanism of the paleo<island arc and the Ukrainian crystalline massif. Analysis of the field studies and laboratory results made it possible to determine the main factors of the origin of a gold mineralization. The magmatism of the Crimean Mountains formed both primary ore and alluvial occurrences, which extend in series from the Karadag in the east to Heraclea and the Lomonosov massif. The main source of fine gold placers are the weathering crusts of the Ukrainian shield rocks and secondary products of alluvium repeatedly redeposited in recent times, especially in post<glacial periods, when there was a powerful outflow of unconsolidated sediments. The authors note the decisive role of ancient river systems both in the accumulation of gold<bearing sands and in the formation of a potential source of outflow for the alluvial strata of numerous small rivers. Alluvial sands and alluvial-proluvial cover pebbles of the Beregansky and Sulsky climatoliths are particularly interesting for their gold content. They form clad covers on watersheds and fill the paleo<valleys of large rivers. The authors also studied the role of the Paleo<Dnieper and other main rivers of the Northern Azov Sea region during the melting of glaciers, when huge masses of sandy<silty material, including fine and ultrafine gold, were transported over long distances. Thus, the identification of factors affecting the location, structure and composition of gold deposits is important for determining the prediction criteria of conditions potentially favorable for the formation of gold placers within the Northern Black Sea and Crimea. Data on the gold content of the Black Sea region currently is not sufficient. It is necessary to conduct further research on gold occurrences to determine the scientific and practical interest of this phenomenon. So far, we can state only the presence of gold occurrences, which provides the basis for further research and prospecting.
Macroparticle Movement Velocity in Dusty Structures of Various Compositions
Authors: Khakhaev A.D. , Piskunov A.A. , Podryadchikov S.F.
Published: February 2022

The results of experimental investigations of the movement velocity of a macroparticle in the dusty structures of various physical-chemical compositions formed in a stratified column of a dc glow discharge, are presented. The macroparticle substances are alumina (r = 10–35 μm), polydisperse Zn (r = 1–20 μm) and Zn' (r = 20–35 μm).  Plasma-forming gases are inert gases (Ne, Ar). The inverse relation between the velocity and the gas pressure (in the range 40–400 Pa) is found and, for the same material of macroparticles in different gas plasmas, is confirmed by theory and does not contradict observations. But, to explain a difference of quantitative data for macroparticles made from different materials in Ar plasma, the additional research is required.
Polarization of Dusty “Quasiatoms” in Low-Density Plasma
Authors: Sukhinin G.I. , Fedoseev A.V.
Published: February 2022

A model of the polarization of dust particles with trapped ions in an external electric field is presented. It is based on the self-consistent solution of the integral balance equation for trapped ion density and Poisson equation for the electric potential. It is shown that, in a low collisional regime, trapped ions form a spread shell with a maximum located at some distance from thecharged dust particle proportional to the ion Debye length. The estimated polarizability of dusty "quasiatoms" is very high anddepends on the strength of the external electric field due to the field ionization of trapped ions. With increase in the electricfield, the dusty "quasiatom" loses their trapped ions from far orbits due to the field ionization. The radius of the dusty "quasiatom" ionic shell becomes smaller, and the coefficient of polarizability decreases.
Preface
Authors: Gombrich Richard
Published: February 2022

This book argues that the Buddha was one of the most brilliant and original thinkers of all time.
Everything Is Burning: The Centrality of Fire in the Buddha's Thought
Authors: Gombrich Richard
Published: February 2022

This chapter is about how the Buddha reacted to Vedic ideas and practices concerning fire, and how this focus may have led him to what is perhaps his most important philosophical idea, the substitution of non-random processes for objects. It will provide more examples of how the Buddha reused brahminical religious terms, turning them to his own purposes.
Cognition; Language; Nirvana
Authors: Gombrich Richard
Published: February 2022

We have seen in Chapter 5 that the Vedic tradition blended (from our perspective: confused) ontology, the question of what exists, with epistemology, the question of what we can know, and how. We have also seen there and in Chapter 8 that the Buddha argued against positing a category of ´being´, and altogether substituted for the question ´What exists?´ the question ´What can we experience?´
The Vijñapti-mātra
Authors: Seongcheol Venerable
Published: February 2022

The Vijñapti-mātra is one of the most famous of India's Mahāyāna Buddhist schools. While the Madhyamaka school is mainly associated with the theory of emptiness, the Vijñapti mātra tradition asserts that everything is consciousness (vijñāna) only. It can be traced back to the Buddha, but was systematized by Maitreya, Asanga and Vasubandhu.
The Mahā-parinirvāna Sūtra
Authors: Seongcheol Venerable
Published: February 2022

The Mahā-parinirvāna Sūtra makes some of the most detailed and frequent references to the middle path of all the many Mahāyāna sμutras. The principal theory presented in the Mahā-parinirvāna Sūtra is that every living being has the Buddha nature. But what is the meaning of the Buddha nature? The Buddha nature in every living being is the middle path, since it tends neither to existence nor non-existence, neither to permanence nor annihilation. The content of the middle path is the truth of the twelve links of dependent origination as rightly understood by the Buddha on the eve of his awakening. It is the middle path since it abandons views of both annihilation and permanence. I will quote three passages from the Mahā-parinirvāna Sūtra which relate to the Buddha nature and the middle path.
The Self-Taught Yogis, Adult Education and the Wheel of Yoga
Authors: Newcombe Suzanne
Published: February 2022

This chapter focuses further on the nature of autodidactic traditions of yoga in the early twentieth century including the role of physical culture journals such as Health & Strength, as well as the postal courses on Yogism offered by Desmond Dune from his ‘World Headquarters’ in Surrey. It goes on to consider the world of adult education in Britain and how the founder of the British Wheel of yoga, Wilfred Clark was a product of this tradition. Wilfred Clark went on to establish a network of self-educated yoga teachers prepared to popularize yoga in adult education venues across the country. Clark and early Wheel members argued that yoga should be taught primarily in philosophy departments, and should consist of philosophical lectures, breathing exercises, postures, meditation and relaxation. The yoga enthusiasts and practitioners of this environment formed distinctive (if often idiosyncratic) assumptions about the nature and purpose of yoga.
gTer ston and Tradent: Innovation and Conservation in Tibetan Treasure Literature
Authors: Mayer Robert
Published: February 2022

Robert Mayer reviews different levels of innovation witnessed in Treasure revelations, and ways of approaching the conservatism which is often found in the ritual traditions classified as Treasure revelations. He also considers what differentiates Treasure ritual texts from other types of tantric ritual writings.
Dudjom Rinpoche's Work on the Vajrakīlaya who Overwhelms Māra's Troops with his Splendour (phur bu bdud dpung zil gnon)
Authors: Cantwell Cathy
Published: February 2022

The first Vajrakīlaya text written by Dudjom Rinpoche was for the revelation of a well-known Treasure revealer, Drakngak Lingpa (drag sngags gling pa), who invited the young Dudjom Rinpoche to stay at his Dharma seat in Pemako. Features of this early work are examined in detail.
Dudjom Rinpoche's Work on Zilnon Namkhai Dorje's (zil gnon nam mkha'i rdo rje) Ultra Secret Quintessence Action (yang gsang phrin las bcud dril) Vajrakīlaya
Authors: Cantwell Cathy
Published: February 2022

As a young man, Dudjom Rinpoche received transmission from the famous revealer Zilnon Namkhai Dorje himself, and this included his revelatory cycles, as well as the direct introduction to the nature of mind, to which Dudjom Rinpoche attributed his ease in attaining spiritual accomplishment. The revealer had asked him to make a compilation of his Vajrakīlaya revelatory practice. It was only many years later, in the 1970s in Kalimpong, that the opportunity arose for this. This later work forms the subject matter of this chapter.
Concluding Reflections
Authors: Cantwell Cathy
Published: February 2022

The final chapter draws together the threads of the study, reviewing first the pertinent points in understanding the processes involved in the production of revelatory texts, and second, the creation of compilations of and commentaries on such revelations. The implications of this case study for a broader appreciation of the processes of textual composition and development in Tibetan religious literature are considered throughout.
Personal Pronouns and Images of Huineng
Authors: Yu Hailing
Published: February 2022

4.1 Introduction 4.2 Personal pronouns: a systemic functional perspective 4.2.1 The system of nominal person 4.2.2 Interpersonal distance and the image of Huineng 4.3 Analytical tools and procedures 4.4 Analysis and discussion 4.4.1 Personal pronouns in the translations 4.4.2 Images of Huineng in the translations 4.4.3 Contextual considerations 4.5 Conclusion
Text Complexity and Images of Huineng
Authors: Yu Hailing
Published: February 2022

8.1 Introduction 8.2 Text complexity as measured in SFL 8.2.1 Grammatical intricacy 8.2.2 Lexical density 8.3 Methodology 8.4 Analysis and discussion: how does Huineng speak? 8.4.1 Analysis of grammatical intricacy 8.4.2 Analysis of lexical density 8.5 Interpretation: why does Huineng speak in this way? 8.6 Conclusion
What Future for Critical Studies?
Authors: Dubuisson Daniel
Published: February 2022

One Question and a Few Options Comparativism
Introduction
Authors: Dubuisson Daniel
Published: February 2022

For less than thirty years, a scientific revolution has taken place in the religious studies departments of several North American and British universities—and the results are considerable, obliging us to envisage new ways of conceiving of this academic field. While the History of Religions tended to rest in the shade and guardianship of past authorities, this critical current has re-examined the discipline’s a priori positions, its favourite arguments, its long prehistory within Euro/Christian culture, but also its numerous ethnocentric prejudices. The first part of the volume considers anew the origins and Christian history of the notion of religion. This starting point then allows us to identify dead ends and contradictions within the traditional History of Religions approach. The second part is dedicated to the synthetic presentation of the concepts, methods, and controversies, which distinguish this current. Following this are two related contributions devoted to two major case studies: “Colonialism and Cultural Imperialism” and “The Invention of Hinduism and Shintoism”. Finally, in the third and last part of the book, is critically examined this trend itself, identifying some of the paradoxes, gaps, and aporias that this approach has already gathered during its short existence.