bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The phonetic system of the English language in aeronautical radiotelephony communications
Authors: Lysenko Sergey Vladimirovich
Published: May 2023

The research aim is to improve the methods and techniques for the formation of better pronunciation skills of pilots and air traffic controllers. So, it is necessary to analyze the theoretical bases of the English language phonetic system of aeronautical radiotelephony communications. These bases condition the formation and functioning of the mentioned system in the speech situations typical for aviation sphere when communicating by the means of radio. The scientific novelty lies in the first complete study of phonetic system elements of Aviation English used only in the spoken forms (phonation, pause, tempo, intonation and others). The study shows that these spoken forms interact in a special way and provide the strong speech perception among communicants both in conditions of both good and poor hearing. As a result, it is proved that the phonetic system of Aviation English in aeronautical radiotelephony communications contributes to its efficient use as the means of spoken communication in all air conditions.
Role of the communicants in determining the parameters of the ecology of communication (on the material of the English-language literary discourse)
Authors: Samigullina Anna Sergeevna , Korzun Anna Viktorovna
Published: May 2023

The research aims at establishing which of the communicants plays the main role in determining the ecology of communication: the speaker or the listener. The work is novel in that it is the first to put forward and confirm the thesis that the role of the listener is more important than that of the speaker. In other words, when assessing the ecology of communication, the impact on the listener prevails over the intention of the speaker, which was mostly emphasised in the previous studies on this topic. To confirm this thesis, two studies were conducted: a survey of first-year students of the Ufa University of Science and Technology and an analysis of an English-language literary text. After analysing the obtained results, it was confirmed that the role of the listener is more important. Indeed, the positive intention of the speaker does not guarantee the success of communication, since the impact on the listener in some cases can be negative. Communication can be considered ecological if no (moral) harm has been inflicted on the listener as a result of it. Since the findings of both studies coincided, this makes it possible to assert with greater confidence the correctness of the thesis put forward.
Role of gastronomic and culinary metaphors in the works of XX-century Russian literature (by the example of the novella “Hostess” by I. Grekova)
Authors: Al-Haideri Basim Hasan Khrebit
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study is to determine the features of use and the role of gastronomic and culinary metaphors in the works of XX-century Russian literature using the example of the novella “Hostess” by I. Grekova. With the help of these metaphors, the author forms the general storyline of the work, the cornerstone of which is the image of the main character and her fundamental pillars of life – everyday life and family. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the author’s analysis of the use and the role of culinary and gastronomic metaphors in the construction of the storyline of the work using the example of I. Grekova’s novella “Hostess”. This is due to the fact that culinary shows have become very popular recently. It can be assumed that representatives of modern Russian society after a certain life period the main goals of which were career growth and achieving a stable financial level return in this way to the system of eternal spiritual values, where family and its needs are in the first place, which, no doubt, is associated with the family hearth in culinary terms. This social concept involves the actualisation of culinary and gastronomic lexical units, as well as their wider application in the thesaurus of native speakers both in the direct and figurative meaning (the phenomenon of polysemy), which could not but be reflected in metaphors. The results showed that gastronomic and culinary metaphors are an important component in the construction of the storyline in the novella “Hostess” as one of the fundamental characteristics that form the image of the main character.
Poetic texts as a fragment of geologist’s speech portrait of the second part of the XX century
Authors: Ivanova Nadezhda Alekseyevna
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study is to model a fragment of the speech portrait of the professional group on the material of geologists’ poetic texts of the second half of the XX century. The poetic texts analysis identified 9 thematic groups used in the poetry of geologists: “Road-way”, “Country”, “Nature”, “Romanticization”, “Difficulties of the geologist profession”, “Minerals”, “Working tools”, “Mining Institute”, “Geologist’s Day”. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the thematic classification of the selected lexical material relevant for modeling the speech portrait of a geologist. As a result, it was found that the poetic texts, which express membership in a particular group (geologists), make it possible to reconstruct the geologist’s linguistic picture of the world in the second half of the XX century based on the concepts WAY-ROAD, NATURE – WORLD, NATIVE – FOREIGN. Poetic texts can also be used for constructing a speech portrait of a modern geologist, as some traditions (for example, congratulations on the Geologist’s Day in verse form) originated in the 60-70s of the XX century.
Transhumanism in the European literature of the 19th century: Dostoyevsky and Balzac
Authors: Kovalevskaya Tatyana Vyacheslavovna
Published: May 2023

The aim of this research is to offer a short essay on transhumanist worldview in the works of European writers, to determine the system prerequisites of such transhumanist worldview and to show the relevance of the approach for understanding the current concepts of human nature through the prism of literature. The scientific novelty lies in: 1) contextualizing the works of F. M. Dostoyevsky and other European authors of the 19th century within the transhumanist thought; 2) demonstrating different types of transhumanist worldview and their relevance for the current cultural situation. As a result, the essay presents the different ways of overcoming human nature as the main purpose of a human being and demonstrates the relevance of considering these views embodied in literary texts for understanding the dynamics of philosophical and religious anthropology development in various European cultures.
Algorithm for the systematisation of synonyms in French youth argot (on the material of rap works)
Authors: Fanaryuk Ksenia Anatolyevna , Kuzmina Olga Alekseevna
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm for the systematisation of synonyms in French youth argot. The study has recorded denotations around which synonymous series of various lengths were formed. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of such a systemic word-formation mechanism as synonymic substitution. The analysis carried out using the material of modern rap works by the French artists Assassin, Booba, Guizmo, GLK, Jul, La Fouine, MC Solaar, Mister You, Sexion d’Assaut made it possible to systematise the units of the synonymic stock of youth argot. The article also presents the ratio of semantic fields by the number of argotisms incorporated into the rap works by the above-mentioned artists and their usage. The study is novel in that it is the first to present the systematisation of synonymic resources and lexico-semantic characteristics of non-conventional units using the material of the works by the above-mentioned rap artists. As a result, it has been found that the semantic field “Drug Addiction / Alcoholism” prevails by the number of synonymic groupings, as well as by the number of argotisms used in the musical works.
Manipulasi Linguistik sebagai Instrumen Politik dalam Animal Farm: Sebuah Analisis Wacana Kritis
Authors: Pardede Parlindungan , Rasyid Yumna , Anwar Miftahulkhairah
Published: May 2023

Politics and language are inextricably linked, and the relationship between the two has long been the subject of philosophical and linguistic study. Through critical discourse analysis, the contemporary linguistic practice seeks to examine language as a form of social practice. Thus, political discourse is seen as a discourse oriented towards concealing power for manipulative purposes, legitimizing discourse practices, and imposing ideologies. This study analyzes the use of linguistic manipulation in George Orwell's "Animal Farm" using van Dijk's socio-cognitive approach. The results of the study of the text, context, and social cognition dimensions of "Animal Farm" show that the political elites in this novel successfully use linguistic manipulation as an instrument to influence members of society with lower language skills to realize the elites' goals. Linguistic manipulation is also used as an instrument to exercise and maintain power. As a proponent of socialism, Orwell revealed the use of political manipulation in "Animal Farm" as a satire of the Stalin-led socialists who had perverted the goals of the Russian revolution for personal and group gain.
Analisis Wacana Kritis Sara Mills dalam Cerpen Sepasang Mata Dinaya yang Terpenjara
Authors: Sariasih Wiwit , Rasyid Yumna , Anwar Miftahulkhairah
Published: May 2023

This research aims to describe the subject-object and writer-reader positions in the short story "Sepasang Mata Dinaya yang Terpenjara" by Ni Komang Ariani. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The subject of this research is the storyteller, who is the one who tells the story to the reader. The object of this research is how Diyana's position as a child from childhood has been positioned as a person who only accepts reproaches from her mother without resistance and how her position in her husband's eyes is not considered her presence. This research data was collected by analyzing short stories published in Kompas newspaper on May 20, 2010, using Sara Mills' critical discourse analysis. This research's instrument is the researcher who captures the language style conveyed in the short story. The results of this study show how the subject-object position in the story where the object of the story is more likely to accept her condition, although there is a little resistance but only in his mind. While the subject-object position here is that the subject leads the reader to accept the author's ideas and sympathize with the object.
Problematika Kekayaan Sumber Daya Alam Kalimantan dalam Puisi Di Sini Karya Dahri Dahlan (Kajian Semantik-Semiotik)
Authors: Hakiki Dwi Rijaya , Desmilianti Helvika , Mulawarman Widyatmike Gede
Published: May 2023

This research focuses on the problematics of Kalimantan's natural resource wealth in the poem "Di Sini" by Dahri Dahlan. The research used semantic theory and Roland Barthes's semiotics as the basis of analysis. The purpose of this research is to analyze the meaning contained in the language of the poem. In-depth interpretation is carried out by analyzing the language of poetry through denotation meaning, connotation meaning, and the relationship of cultural elements. This research is a literature study with a qualitative descriptive approach. The object of research is the poem "Here" contained in the poetry collection " Hal-Hal yang Pergi" by Dahri Dahlan. The data were obtained using listening and note-taking techniques. The results of the study outline two important meanings, (1) Dahri's poem "Di Sini" can be interpreted as a representation of loss and helplessness; and (2) Dahri Dahlan's poem "Di Sini" shows the wealth of natural resources as a form of real damage and loss.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Komik pada Pembelajaran Parafrasa Teks Hikayat menjadi Cerpen Siswa Kelas X SMAN 10 Samarinda
Authors: Susilawati Maya , Haruna M. Jafar , Suhatmady Bibit
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine (1) the design of comic-based teaching materials; (2) the feasibility of comic-based teaching materials; and (3) the effectiveness of comic-based teaching materials. The scope of this development is limited only to planning, materials, and evaluation in the learning process. The method used in this development research is the R&D (Research and Development) research and development method, which is a type of method used to produce certain products and test the effectiveness of these products. This R&D method uses the Brog and Gall development research design adapted by Sugiyono. The data collection technique used a questionnaire in the form of a questionnaire and a test of the ability to paraphrase the hikayat text into a short story. After the final trial, students' learning completeness in learning to paraphrase the text of a hikayat into a short story was 88.23%. The developed teaching materials were declared very feasible through material expert tests (91.66%), media/design experts stated that they were very feasible (88.88%), and educational practitioners stated that they were very feasible (87.5%). Therefore, comic teaching material in learning to paraphrase hikayat text into short stories can be used as a supporting source in the learning process.
Perubahan Fonologis Protobahasa Minangkabau dalam Isolek Koto Tinggi
Authors: Rahmi Husni Mardhyatur , Nadra Nadra , Reniwati Reniwati
Published: May 2023

This study describes the types of phonological changes that occur from the Minangkabau protolanguage in an isolect of Koto Tinggi. The research is conducted by applying listening and speaking methods, as well as recording and note-taking techniques in the process of providing data. Triangulation techniques are used to test the validity of the data. Furthermore, the data are analyzed by using a top-down reconstruction approach and an articulatory phonetic method. After being compared, the data are grouped based on the types of sound changes. The data analysis results are presented descriptively using formal and informal methods. The result shows that Minangkabau protolanguage undergoes phonological changes in the isolect of Koto Tinggi in the form of (1) lenition; (2) fortition; (3) dissimilation; (4) sound loss, which includes apheresis, syncope, apocope, and haplology; (5) sound addition, namely prothesis and paragoge; and (6) diphthongization process. Phonological changes do not occur in all sounds and are incomplete in all positions.
Analisis Kebutuhan Desain Model Pembelajaran Komunitas Sosial untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Eksposisi di SMK
Authors: Santi Ai , Kurniawan Khaerudin , Abidin Yunus
Published: May 2023

Writing learning is a process aimed at developing students' creativity in writing. One of the writing lessons taught at school is writing expository texts. Expository texts are texts that contain explanations of information and knowledge. In learning to write, teachers should guide and facilitate students with good, appropriate, and quality teaching to achieve optimal learning objectives. In line with this, this study aims to find out the initial analysis in the form of a set of information needed for the learning model development program. The learning model developed is a social community learning model in learning exposition writing at Vocational High School (SMK). The research method used is descriptive qualitative conducted by survey method. Based on the research findings and data analysis, teachers need a new learning model to support learning effectiveness and students achieve learning objectives. Students learn in groups and prefer learning with peer tutors during the learning process. Learning that involves friends has been known that students can understand the material, solve problems together, and improve their skills.
A Risk-Based Approach to Planning the Elaboration of Pharmacopoeial Monographs
Authors: Yarutkin A. V. , Bagirova V. L.
Published: May 2023

Scientific relevance. This article describes a risk-based analysis of the need for elaborating pharmacopoeial requirements for 6 therapeutic groups of medicines, including an evaluation of the range and number of batches of these medicines put into the stream of commerce in the Russian Federation and a comparison of the corresponding product specification files and quality standards. The  article presents a  set of criteria for planning the elaboration of monographs for the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation according to a risk-based approach, which is used in a variety of other fields.

Aim. The study aimed to develop a comprehensive multivariate risk-based system providing criteria for planning the  elaboration of monographs for the  State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.

Materials and methods. This study focused on medicines for human use under a  range of international non-proprietary names. The  authors analysed entries in the Russian State Register of Medicines, data on the number of batches released to the pharmaceutical market, and product specification files and quality standards. The study was conducted using literature search, data analysis, and system-oriented methods.

Results. According to the results, a multivariate risk-based analysis is needed for planning the elaboration of monographs for the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation and the subsequent prioritisation of therapeutic groups or individual medicines for their standardisation.

Conclusions. The  suggested risk-based system for planning the  elaboration of monographs for the  State Pharmacopoeia of the  Russian Federation includes the following criteria: the social significance of a medicinal product and its value for the  health care system; the  percentage of medicinal products not tested by the national regulatory authority at the level of active pharmaceutical ingredients; the substantial number of batches and the significant range of medicinal products and the  respective active pharmaceutical ingredients by different manufacturers present in the pharmaceutical market; and the analytical procedures and requirements established in product specification files and quality standards.
Effect of Metakaolin on Properties of Lightweight Porcelinate Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Fawzi Nada M. , Aziz Kalil I. , Hama Sheelan M.
Published: May 2023

Research in Iraq has expanded in the field of material technology involving the properties of the lightweight concrete using natural aggregate. The use of the porcelinate aggregate in the production of structural light concrete has a wide objective and requires a lot of research to become suitable for practical application. In this work metakaolin was used to improve compressive strength of lightweight porcelinate concrete which usually have a low compressive strength about 17 MPa . The effect of metakaolin on compressive, splitting tensile, flexure strengths and modulus of elasticity of lightweight porcelinate concrete have been investigated. Many experiments were carried out by replacing cement with different percentages of metakaolin. The metakaolin was replaced by 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. A control reference mix without metakaolin was made for comparison purpose. For all mixes, compressive, splitting tensile, flexure strengths and modulus of elasticity were determined at 28-day. The results showed that the using of metakaolin improve the compressive, splitting tensile, flexure strengths and modulus of elasticity of lightweight porcelinate concrete. The higher compressive, splitting tensile, flexure strengths and modulus of elasticity were found for 15% metakaolin.
Numerical Study of Solar Chimney with Absorber at Different Locations
Authors: Amori Karima E. , Hmood Khawla Naeem
Published: May 2023

Heat transfer process and fluid flow in a solar chimney used for natural ventilation are investigated numerically in the present work. Solar chimney was tested by selecting different positions of absorber namely: at the back side, front side, and at the middle of the air gap. CFD analysis based on finite volume method is used to predict the thermal performance, and air flow in two dimensional solar chimney under unsteady state condition, to identify the effect of different parameters such as solar radiation. Results show that a solar chimney with absorber at the middle of the air gap gives better ventilation performance. A comparison between the numerical and previous experimental results shows fair agreement.
Önszabályozó tanulás
Authors: Kovács Magdolna
Published: May 2023

A mai társadalomban a nyelvtudás és a rugalmas tanulási készségek elengedhetetlenek a karrierépítésben. A fiatal munkavállalók sikerének kulcsa, hogy ezeket a képességeket időben, már az alapfokú iskolai tanulmányaik során elkezdhessék fejleszteni. A tanulók önálló tanulásszervezésének, önszabályozott tanulásának jelentőségét a koronavírus-pandémia újra reflektorfénybe helyezte. Jelen cikk egy lehetséges jó gyakorlatot kíván bemutatni, melynek segítségével az érdeklődő nyelvpedagógusok a gamifikáció bevezetésével lerakhatják a 10–12 éves tanulók önálló tanulásszervezésének alapjait. A játékosítás megismerése azonban nem csak a tanulók, hanem a pedagógusok egyéni fejlődéséhez is aktívan hozzájárul, bizonyítva, hogy megfelelő eszköze lehet a tudatos és felelősségvállaló döntéshozatal tanításának, tanulásának.
Introducing ELTE TÓK’s Kindergarten Education BA Programme
Authors: Nemes Zsófia
Published: May 2023

The paper gives a short overview of the Kindergarten Education BA Programme offered by ELTE TÓK.
Az általános iskolai angoltanítás 150 éve: tények és emlékek
Authors: Medgyes Péter
Published: May 2023

Tanulmányomban a magyarországi angolnyelvoktatás fejlődését követem nyomon a 19. század utolsó harmadától napjainkig. Bemutatom, hogy a fontossági sorrendben egykor szerényen meghúzódó angol, némi lemaradással követve a világtrendet, hogyan vált a magyar közoktatásban úgyszólván egyeduralkodó idegen nyelvvé. Noha figyelmem fókuszában az általános iskolai nyelvoktatásban lejátszódó folyamatok állnak, kitérek az iskoláskor előtti, a középiskolai és nyelviskolai oktatás helyzetére, valamint a módszerek változó világára és az olykor fellángoló szakértői vitákra is. Kritikai elemzésnek vetem alá az angoltanárképzés és -továbbképzés rendszerét, a magyar szerzők legismertebb tananyagait, rávilágítva angoltanítási rendszerünk gyöngeségeinek, sok angoltanár kiégettségének és pályaelhagyásának okaira. A tényanyagot a saját tanári, nyelvkönyvírói és minisztériumi munkám során szerzett tapasztalataimmal, emlékeimmel egészítem ki, abban a reményben, hogy a szöveg így érthetőbbé és emészthetőbbé válik.
Early (Bi-)Literacy – mit mehr als einer Sprache unterwegs zur Schrift(lichkeit)
Authors: Nauwerck Patricia
Published: May 2023

For a long time, in the context of early second language acquistion/early foreign language learning, the focus was on spoken everyday language. As a result, many children were able to communicate successfully in everyday life, but failed in school tasks due to insufficiently developed language domains and a low level of verbal academic performance („hidden language difficulties“). In order to make the transition to school learning easier early literacy approaches have recently been established in the pre-school education. In this paper I will focus on early biliteracy discussing the potential of multilingual picture books to initiate cognitive academic language skills. Furthermore methodological suggestions are shown.
The presence of fear: how subjective fear, not physiological arousal, shapes the experience of presence
Authors: Maymon Christopher Nicholas , Crawford Matthew T , Blackburne Katie , Botes Andre , Carnegie Kieran , Mehr Samuel A , Meier Jeremy , Murphy Justin , Miles Nicola , Robinson Kealagh , Tooley Michael Douglas , Grimshaw Gina M.
Published: May 2023

When we become engrossed in novels, films, games, or even our own wandering thoughts, we can feel present in a reality distinct from the real world. Although this subjective sense of presence is, presumably, a ubiquitous aspect of everyday conscious experience, the mechanisms that produce it are not known. Correlational studies conducted in virtual reality have shown that we feel more present when we are afraid, motivating claims that physiological arousal contributes to presence; however, such causal claims have yet to be evaluated. Here, we report two experiments that test the causal role of subjective and physiological components of fear in generating presence. In Study 1, we validated a virtual reality simulation capable of inducing fear. We asked participants to rate their emotions while they walked across a wooden plank that appeared to be suspended high above a city street; at the same time, we recorded heart rate and skin conductance levels. Height exposure increased ratings of both fear and presence, and also increased physiological arousal. Although presence and fear ratings were positively correlated during height exposure, presence and physiological measures were unrelated. In Study 2, we manipulated whether the plank appeared to be at height, or on the ground. Using a mediational approach, we found that the relationship between height exposure and presence on the plank was fully mediated by self-reported fear, and not by physiological arousal. Findings point to the importance of subjective emotional experience in informing the feeling that we are physically situated within a reality.
Public Sector Corruption is Fertile Ground for Conspiracy Beliefs: A Comparison Between 26 Western and Non-Western Countries
Authors: Cordonier Laurent , Cafiero Florian
Published: May 2023

Research on conspiracy theories has mainly focused on psychosocial and sociodemographic factors associated with conspiracy beliefs. Little is known about factors at the nation-level that provide a breeding ground for conspiracist thinking. However, an interesting finding emerges from recent international comparisons: people living in countries with a highly corrupt public sector seem to be more likely to endorse conspiracy theories. The present study aims to replicate this finding with new data. We investigate the relationship between corruption and conspiracy beliefs across 26 Western and non-Western countries through multiple linear regression analyses and conditional inference trees. In addition to the corruption level of these countries, our statistical models include other nation-level factors known to be associated with the prevalence of conspiracy beliefs, namely their levels of democracy, freedom of the press, social threat (unemployment and homicide rates), economic inequality, and human development (life expectancy, standard of living, and education). Our analyses confirm a robust link between public sector corruption and conspiracy beliefs that remains significant when controlling for these other factors. We suggest that public sector corruption is fertile ground for conspiracy theories because it makes them less implausible to the public.
Trends in Pediatric Palliative Care Research (TPPCR) 2022; Special Edition #04 – Low Resource Setting: Commentary on Ul-Ain et al.
Authors: Akinseye Omolabake
Published: May 2023

This TPPCR commentary discusses the 2021 paper by Ul-Ain et al., “Pediatric Palliative Care: Competency and Educational Needs Assessment in Pediatricians of a Developing Country” published in Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal.
What time-varying network models based on functional analysis tell us about the course of a patient’s problem
Authors: Scholten Saskia , Rubel Julian , Glombiewski Julia , Milde Christopher
Published: May 2023

Background: Relations among psychological variables are assumed to be complex and to vary over time. Personalized networks can model multivariate complex interactions. The development of time-varying networks allows to model the variation of parameters over time. Objectives: We aimed to determine the value of time-varying networks for clinical practice. Methods: We applied time-varying mixed graphical models (TV-MGM) and time-varying vector autoregressive models (TV-VAR) to intensive longitudinal data of nine participants with depressive symptoms (n = 6) or anxiety (n = 3). Results: Most of the participants showed temporal changes in network topology within the assessment period of 30 days. Time-varying networks of participants with small, medium, and large time variability in edge parameters clearly show the different temporal evolvements of dynamic interactions between variables. The case example indicates clinical utility but also limitations to the application of time-varying networks in clinical practice. Conclusion: Time-varying network models provide a data-driven and exploratory approach that could complement current diagnostic standards by reflecting interacting, often mutually reinforcing processes of mental health problems and by accounting for variation over time. They can be used to generate hypotheses for further confirmatory and clinical testing.
IMUNISASI
Authors: Hasibuan Gusti Yesika
Published: May 2023

Imunisasi merupakan bentuk pelayanan kesehatan yang sangat efektif dalam menurunkan angka kematian pada bayi dan balita. Dengan adanya program imunisasi, berbagai penyakit seperti TBC, difteri, pertusis, tetanus, hepatitis B dan lainnya dapat dicegah. Pentingnya imunisasi dapat dilihat dari banyaknya balita yang meninggal akibat penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan Imunisasi (PD3I). Hal itu sebenarnya tidak perlu terjadi karena penyakit-penyakit tersebut bisa dicegah dengan imunisasi. Tujuan dari imunisasi yakni memberikan kekebalan terhadap tubuh, dengan cara memasukan vaksin ke dalam tubuh anak. Vaksin berasal dari bibit penyakit tertentu yang dapat menimbulkan penyakit yang terlebih dahulu dilemahkan. Sehingga tidak berbahaya lagi bagi kelangsungan hidup manusia sehingga anak menjadi kebal terhadap penyakit dan menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas serta dapat mengurangi kecacatan akibat penyakit tertentu, dengan demikian sudah selayaknya imunisasi di sadari oleh seluruh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai hak anak yang perlu di berikan sejak bayi.
Clarifying status of DNNs as models of human vision
Authors: Bowers Jeffrey S , Malhotra Gaurav , Dujmović Marin , Montero Milton Llera , Tsvetkov Christian , Puebla Guillermo , Adolfi Federico G , Hummel John , Heaton Rachel Flood , Evans Benjamin D. , Mitchell Jeffrey , Blything Ryan
Published: May 2023

On several key issues we agree with the commentators. Perhaps most importantly, everyone seems to agree that psychology has an important role to play in building better models of human vision, and (most) everyone agrees (including us) that DNNs will play an important role in modelling human vision going forward. But there are also disagreements about what models are for, how DNN-human correspondences should be evaluated, the value of alternative modelling approaches, and impact of marketing hype in the literature. In our view, these latter issues are contributing to many unjustified claims regarding DNN-human correspondences in vision and other domains of cognition. We explore all these issues in this response.
A Qualitative Content Analysis of Perceived Individual and Relational Consequences of Sexual Compliance and Their Contributors
Authors: Gunst Annika , Alanko Katarina , Nickull Sabina , Dewitte Marieke , Källström Marianne , Antfolk Jan , jern patrick
Published: May 2023

Sexual compliance (i.e., consensually engaging in sex despite a lack of desire for it) is common in committed intimate relationships, but the consequences of compliance for the well-being of the individual and the relationship are poorly understood. We investigated the perceived consequences of sexual compliance and possible factors contributing to negative/positive consequences by applying qualitative content analysis to free-text retrospective survey responses from 107 (mostly) Finnish adults from diverse demographic backgrounds. We identified five themes of personal consequences (emotions and mood, sexual experience, sexual desire, pressure and violations, and physical pain), four of relational consequences (relationship satisfaction, partner’s response, relationship interaction, and value alignment), and nine of possible factors contributing to negative/positive consequences (communication, self-esteem, motives for sex, relationship factors, agency and self-knowledge, mental health and stress, psychological flexibility, societal norms, and past negative experiences). Perceived consequences varied widely across individuals, both in terms of whether any positive or negative consequences were experienced and whether compliance was perceived as improving or worsening specific domains of well-being. We discuss the themes identified in relation to previous theories of sexuality and intimate relationships and offer hypotheses that can be tested in future quantitative studies.
Nested Selves: Self-Organisation and Shared Markov Blankets in Prenatal Development in Humans
Authors: Ciaunica Anna , Levin Michael , Rosas Fernando E. , Friston Karl
Published: May 2023

The immune system is a central component of organismic function in humans. This paper addresses self-organisation of a biological system in relation to — and nested within — an other biological system in pregnancy. Pregnancy constitutes a fundamental state for human embodiment and a key step in the evolution and conservation of our species. While not all humans can be pregnant, our initial state of emerging and growing within another person’s body is universal. Hence, the pregnant state does not concern some individuals, but all individuals. Indeed, the hierarchical relationship in pregnancy reflects an even earlier autopoietic process in the embryo by which the number of individuals in a single blastoderm is dynamically determined by cell-cell interactions. The relationship, and the interactions between the two self-organising systems during pregnancy may play a pivotal role in understanding the nature of biological self-organisation per se in humans. Specifically, we consider the role of the immune system in biological self-organisation in addition to neural/brain systems that furnish us with a sense of self. We examine the complex case of pregnancy, whereby two immune systems need to negotiate exchange of resources and information in order to maintain viable self-regulation of nested systems. We conclude with a proposal for the mechanisms—that scaffold the complex relationship between two self-organising systems in pregnancy—through the lens of the Active Inference, with a focus on shared Markov blankets.
Examining measurement invariance in the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form across sexual and gender minority status
Authors: Asadi Shayan , Cunningham Tony , Morgan Theresa A. , Zimmerman Mark , Rodriguez-Seijas Craig Anthony
Published: May 2023

The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form (PID-5-BF) was developed with an assumption of invariance across sexual and gender minority individuals (SGM). This assumption has yet to be tested empirically. Using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis, we examined measurement invariance in the PID-5-BF across SGM status in clinical (N=1174; n=254 SGM) and non-clinical (N=1456; n=151 SGM) samples. Measurement invariance was supported for the PID-5-BF structure, item thresholds, and factor loadings, but not at the item intercept level. SGM individuals endorsed higher Negative Affectivity, Antagonism, Disinhibition, and Psychoticism domains in both samples. In the clinical sample, adjusting for partial invariance decreased Detachment and Antagonism levels for SGM persons. In the non-clinical sample, adjusting for partial invariance reduced Antagonism disparities in the SGM group, even rendering original group differences null. Our results support the use of the PID-5-BF in SGM populations but indicate that some measurement bias may drive observed disparities in maladaptive trait domains, and in-turn, personality disorder diagnosis.
Cross-situational word learning in children and adults: The case of lexical overlap
Authors: Benitez Viridiana L. , Li Ye
Published: May 2023

Cross-situational word learning, the ability to decipher word-referent links over multiple ambiguous learning events, has been documented across development and proposed to be key to vocabulary acquisition. However, this work has largely focused on learning from one-to-one structure, where each referent is consistently linked with a single label. In contrast, learners can encounter lexical overlap, such as when learning synonyms, which requires learning from structure that presents multiple labels linked with the same thing (many-to-one structure). Are children capable of cross-situational word learning from encounters presenting consistent lexical overlap? How does this ability change with age? Here, we provide a first test of cross-situational word learning from input presenting lexical overlap across age by testing 4- to 7-year-old children (N = 190) and adults (N = 80) on their ability to learn from one-to-one or two-to-one structure. Results showed that adults (Experiment 1) were successful at learning from both types of structure, with an advantage for one-to-one structure. Children (Experiment 2) performed less well than adults overall, and failed to learn from two-to-one structure. With extended training (Experiment 3), older children were successful at learning from two-to-one structure while younger children were not. These results provide the first evidence that cross-situational word learning from one-to-one and two-to-one structure improves over age.
Reduced Learning Rates but Successful Learning of a Coordinated Rhythmic Movement by Older Adults
Authors: Leach Daniel Peter , Kolokotroni Zoe , Wilson Andrew D
Published: May 2023

Previous work has investigated the information-based mechanism for learning and transfer of learning in coordinated rhythmic movement (Leach, Kolokotroni & Wilson, 2021a, b). In those papers, we trained young adults to produce either 90° or 60° and showed in both cases that learning entailed learning to use relative position as the information for relative phase. This variable then supported transfer of learning to untrained coordinations +/30° on either side. In this paper, we replicate the 90° study with younger adults and extend it by training older adults (aged between 55 and 65). Other work (e.g. Coats, Wilson, Snapp-Childs, Fath, & Bingham, 2014) has revealed a steep decline in learning rate around this age, and no follow-up study has been able to successfully train older adults to perform a novel coordination. We used a more intensive training paradigm and showed that while older adult learning rates remain about half that of younger adults, given time they are able to acquire the new coordination. They also learn to use relative position, and consequently show the same pattern of transfer. We discuss implications for attempts to model the process of learning in this task.
The Effect of Annealing Temperature and Quenching Media Variations On Heat Treatment Process of Cu-Zn-Al Shape Memory Alloys For Shape Memory Effect and Microstructure
Authors: Ramadhani Mavindra , Rochiem Rochman , Rizki Rizki , Arfani M
Published: May 2023

Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) is a material that can return to its original shape after undergoing mechanical deformation. The most commonly SMA material used is the Ni-Ti alloy. However, it is high cost. So that it is necessary to have alternative materials, for instance Cu-Zn-Al. Several studies related to Cu-Zn-Al Shape Memory Alloys have poor mechanical properties. So there further research required in order to determine the heat treatment process of Cu-Zn-Al Shape Memory Alloys. In this study Cu-21Zn-5Al alloys were given heat treatment with annealing temperature variations (425;550;600°C) and cooling media (brine, dry ice). Annealing process affects the mechanical properties and microstructure of the test material. Cooling media results the cooling rate during solution treatment. Tests in this study include hardness test, metallographic test, XRD test, DSC test, and SME test. From the test results, it was found that all the test variables have the Shape Memory Effect. The variable that had the greatest recovery (38.3%) was annealing temperature of 450°C with the cooling solution media using brine. In addition, the most rapid cooling occurs in the brine cooling media.
Analysis of the Effect of Electrode Variation and Current on the Welding Results of Corten A Steel using SMAW Method on Microstructure, Corrosion Resistance, and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Ramadhani Mavindra , Rochiem Rochman , Zain Muhammad Irsyad
Published: May 2023

The emission exhaust stack in industries must have good corrosion resistance and heat resistance in both the base metal and the welded joints. Therefore, corten steel is chosen as the base metal for the exhaust stack due to its excellent corrosion resistance and heat resistance, as well as its costeffectiveness compared to other heat-resistant steels. This study aims to analyze the welded joints of corten steel in terms of microstructure, corrosion resistance, and tensile strength using the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) method, following the Welding Procedure Specification (WPS). The variables used in this study are the electrode variations using E7016-G and E8016-G electrodes, and the current variations of 90, 105, and 120 A. The results of this study indicate that in the metallography testing, the highest percentage of the perlitic phase is found in specimen B2, which uses the E8016-G electrode and a current of 105A, reaching 41.92% in the weld metal and 29.6% in the Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ). In the corrosion resistance testing, the corrosion rate fluctuates within the 3-hour and 6-hour time ranges, but decreases within the 10-hour time range. The lowest corrosion rate is observed in specimen B2 using the E8016-G electrode and a current of 105A. In terms of mechanical properties, the best results are obtained from the tensile testing and hardness testing of specimen B2 using the E8016-G electrode and a current of 105A.
Implementasi Zahir Accounting Pada Usaha Dagang Elektronik Bandung
Authors: Ningsih Rahayu , Ramadhina Shavira Dessy
Published: May 2023

Sistem Informasi Akuntansi sangat diperlukan oleh sebuah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang apapun karena mengandung sebuah proses untuk melaporkan kondisi keuangan perusahaan secara akurat dan benar untuk semua pihak yang membutuhkan. Usaha dagang yang bergerak di bidang penjualan alat elektronik sangat membutuhkan suatu program aplikasi keuangan. Untuk itu penulis mencoba membuat penelitian mengenai Pengolahan Data Keuangan Menggunakan Zahir Accounting Versi 6.0 Pada Usaha Dagang Elektronik Bandung proses pencatatan keuangan pada Usaha Dagang Elektronik ini masih menggunakan Buku Besar dan Aplikasi Penghitung microsoft excel, sehingga membuat laporan keuangan yang dihasilkan menjadi tidak tersusun rapi dan sering mengakibatkan kesalahan dalam penginputan nominal pada pembuatan laporan keuangan. Maka penulis bermaksud untuk menerapkan program pengolahan data keuangan yang terkomputerisasi menggunakan software Zahir Accounting Versi 6.0. Sistem ini akan memudahkan Perusahaan dalam melakukan pencatatan, pemeriksaan data, dan pengolahan laporan keuangan. Dan dengan menggunakan sistem ini juga dapat membantu pengolahan data transaksi dan keuangan menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien dan meminimalkan kesalahan dalam penginputan nominal dari transaksinya.
Proses Administrasi Pemesanan Bahan Baku Produksi Furniture Pada Pt Rackindo Setara Perkasa Jakarta
Authors: Lawu Suparman Hi , Andriani Ria , Kurniasih Nita
Published: May 2023

PT Rackindo Setara Perkasa Jakarta adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang bergerak di bidang furniture. Kegiatan utama dari perusahaan ini ialah memproduksi rakitan meubel dengan berbagai ragam bentuk. Tahap awal kegiatan dalam perusahaan ini adalah melakukan proses pemesanan bahan baku karena berkaitan dengan kelancaran proses produksi. Kegiatan pemesanan baku dapat berjalan dengan efektif dan efisien apabiladitunjang dengan kebijakan dan prosedur yang tepat. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penyusunan Tugas Akhir ini adalah melalui proses observasi dan wawancara dengan pengumpulan data secara langsung dengan narasumber terkait. Pemesanan bahan baku membutuhkan suatu prosedur yang sesuai dengan standar dan kebutuhan perusahaan. Jika tidak sesuai dengan standar dan kebutuhan dari perusahaan, maka perusahaan tidak bisa menghasilkan produk yang maksimal dan akan mengalami kerugian. Faktor permintaan bahan baku adalah kegiatan yang mempengaruhi untuk mengajukan berbagai macam bahan baku untuk menciptakan suatu produk yang memiliki nilai. Proses pemesanan bahan baku memegang peran penting dalam operasi bisnis. Pemesanan bahan baku sebagai bekal untuk memulainya suatu proses produksi. Tujuan utama dari pemesanan bahan baku ialah memperoleh bahan baku dengan biaya serendah mungkin dengan kualitas yang sesuai dengan standar. Dan fungsi dari pemesanan bahan baku adalah untuk memastikan bahwa persediaan bahan baku tetap terjaga agar perusahaan dapat terus beroperasi dan mendapatkan laba yang tinggi.

Keyword: Prosedur, Pemesanan, Bahan Baku
Analisis Kinerja PT Pupuk Indonesia (Persero) Sebagai Holding Company Sektor Pupuk Di Indonesia
Authors: Ruminta Darkiman
Published: May 2023

Salah satu tantangan bagi PT Pupuk Indonesia (Persero) sebagai Holding Company sektor pupuk di Indonesia adalah peningkatan kinerja dan efisiensi perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis rasio kinerja perusahaan dalam dimensi keuangan dan operasional perusahaan. Metode penelitian ini adalah mixed-methode yaitu gabungan dari analisa kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisa kualitatif menggunakan metode deskripstif kualitatif untuk melihat kondisi umum perusahaan dari laporan tahunan dan laporan keuangan yang dipublikasikan kepada masyarakat. Analisa kuantitatif dengan statistic non parametric untuk menghitung analisa kinerja atau rasio keuangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa PT Pupuk Indonesia selaku Holding Company memiliki kinerja keuangan dan operasional perusahaan cukup baik selama periode tahun 2016-2020. Karena perusahaan masih menghasilkan laba perusahaan di tengah biaya/beban pokok penjualan yang semakin besar. Selain itu perusahaan juga masih mampu memenuhi tugas yang dibebankan oleh pemerintah untuk memproduksi pupuk dan non pupuk dengan jumlah yang cukup dan menyalurkan pupuk PSO/subsidi kepada petani sesuai dengan permintaan jumlah pupuk subsidi dari pemerintah.
SISTEM INFORMASI SIMPAN PINJAM BERBASIS WEB PADA KOPERASI KPRI TAMAN SARI BOGOR
Authors: Habili Firdaus Muhammad , Wasiyanti Sri , Widiastuti Lisda
Published: May 2023

Seiring berjalannya waktu, penggunaan teknologi informasi terus meningkat baik di kalangan masyarakat biasa maupun di instansi. KPRI-Tamansari sangat membutuhkan sistem informasi yang mendukung pelayanan yang baik dan baik kepada anggotanya. Oleh karena itu, penulis mencoba merealisasikan proyek akhir tentang Sistem Simpan Pinjam KPRI Tamansari yang belum terkomputerisasi. KPRI-Tamansari adalah cabang dari Koperasi Simpan Pinjam yang dijalankan oleh sekelompok guru sekolah dasar dan staf UPT, serta PNS dan relawan, di Kecamatan Tamansari, Kabupaten Bogor. Saat ini KPRI Tamansari menggunakan sistem pencatatan yang masih konvensional yaitu penggunaan buku dan penyimpanan data dengan aplikasi microsoft excel, sehingga kemungkinan terjadi kesalahan pada saat menghitung atau menyimpan data. Oleh karena itu, KPRI-Tamansari membutuhkan sistem komputerisasi yang memungkinkan pencatatan semua jenis transaksi simpan pinjam dan pembuatan laporan. Sistem komputerisasi diharapkan dapat bekerja lebih efisien dan efektif daripada sistem yang masih manual.