bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rusya-Ukrayna savaşının BİST gıda, içecek endeksi üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi
Authors: GÜNEYSU Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Son yıllarda yaşanan pandemi, ekonomi ve sağlık açısından birtakım zorluklara yol açmıştır. Pandeminin neden olduğu olumsuz etkiler devam ederken ortaya çıkan Rusya-Ukrayna savaşı da özellikle emtia piyasaları aracılığıyla tüm dünyada olumsuz etkilere neden olmuştur. Bununla birlikte savaş, küresel olarak hisse senedi piyasalarını da olumsuz olarak etkilemiştir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın amacı, Rusya ve Ukrayna arasında meydana gelen savaşın BIST Gıda, İçecek Endeksi’ne kote olan şirketlerin hisse senedi getirileri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu bağlamda, söz konusu savaşın anormal getirilere neden olup olmadığı olay çalışması yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, olay gününde başka bir ifadeyle savaşın başladığı günde (24 Şubat 2022 tarihinde) elde edilen pozitif AAR değerlerinin anlamlı olmadığını ancak olay öncesi ve olay sonrası günlerde oluşan bazı anormal getirilerin anlamlı ve negatif (ya da pozitif) olduğunu göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte olayın belirli bir zaman periyodundaki etkisine göre, [0,5] ve [0,15] olay pencerelerinde negatif ve anlamlı CAAR değerlerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre, hisse senedi fiyatlarının yeni bilgilere uyarlanması anlamında piyasasın yarı güçlü formda etkin olmadığı söylenebilir.
Hastanelerin sürdürülebilirliğinin bibliyografik analiz tekniği ile incelenmesi
Authors: GÖK Gülhan , AVER Ömer Faruk
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırma ile yeşil/sürdürülebilir hastaneler üzerine Türkiye’de yürütülmüş olan tez çalışmaları incelenerek hastanelerinin sürdürülebilirliği ile ilgili literatür görüşünün ortaya çıkarılması ve çalışmanın, konu ile ilgili araştırma yapmak isteyen araştırmacılara bir rehber olması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca yürütülen tez çalışmaları doğrultusunda Türkiye’deki hastanelerin sürdürülebilirliğine ilişkin görüşlerin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada sürdürülebilir hastaneler ile ilgili yüksek lisans ve doktora tezlerinin bibliyografik analizi ve betimsel içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma, Ulusal Tez Merkezi tarafından sunulan veri tabanı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ulusal Tez Merkezinde sürdürülebilir hastanelerle ilgili yer alan tezlerin farklı birçok anabilim dallarında yürütülmekle birlikte en fazla mimarlık ve işletme alanlarında yürütüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. Tezlerde en fazla araştırılan içeriğin, hastanelerin sürdürülebilirlik kriterlerine uygunluğunu değerlendirmeye yönelik olduğu saptanmıştır. Yürütülen çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda hastanelerin sürdürülebilirliği için ön plana çıkan kriterlerin birbirlerinden farklı oldukları belirlenmiştir. Sürdürülebilir hastanelerle ilgili yürütülen tez çalışmalarında en fazla yeşil hastane değerlendirme formu kullanılmakla birlikte genel olarak birbirlerinden farklı değerlendirme araçlarının kullanıldığı, standart bir değerlendirme aracının kullanılmadığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmalarda toplamda 161 hastanenin (aynı hastane birden fazla kez değerlendirilmiş olabilir) incelendiği, bu hastanelerin büyük çoğunluğunun devlet hastanesi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Hastanelerin sürdürülebilirliğinin değerlendirilmesinde araştırmacıların farklı konulara odaklandıkları görülmüştür. İncelenilen hastanelerde yeşil hastane olma kriterleri bakımından yasal kriterlere uygunluğun önemsendiği anlaşılmıştır. Hastanelerin sürdürülebilirliği ile ilgili çeşitli engellerin bulunduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularından elde edilen sonuçlara göre araştırmacılara çeşitli öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
Küresel iklim değişikliğinin çağdaş sanata yansımaları
Authors: GİRGİN Figen
Published: December 2022

Doğa ve doğa-insan ilişkisi, mağara çizimlerinden itibaren sanatın ana konularından biridir. Figüre fon olarak hizmet eden doğa, Rönesans ve sonrası başlı başına bir konu haline gelir. Sanayi Devrimi ile birlikte, teknolojinin gelişmesi, şehirlerin kalabalıklaşarak büyümesi, şehirlerin görünümündeki değişim ve kirlilik Claude Monet’nin Londra’daki Thames Nehri üzerindeki çizimlerinde belirgin olarak görülür. Ucuz ve güvenilir enerji talebini karşılamak için çok fazla kömür yakılması ve kömürün filtrelenmeden yakılmış olması hava kirliliğine neden olur ve bu da Monet’nin Londra’da sevdiği ve resimlerindeki sisli görüntü ile açığa çıkar. Umberto Boccioni ise trenlerden çıkan buhar ve arabalardan çıkan egzoz gazını modern hayatın dinamik koşullarının yansıması olarak görmüş ve hareket ve ilerleme ile ilişkilendirmiştir. İnsan varlığından arındırılmış ve göğe kirliliği bırakan fabrikalar ve fabrika bacaları ile Charles Sheeler, sanayileşmenin etkisinde yeni bir manzarayı vurgulamıştır. Bu eserlerde çevre kirliliği görülmesine karşın, sanatçıların gündeme getirmek istedikleri asıl şey bu değildi. Arazi sanatı ile birlikte değinilen çevre kirliliği ve iklim değişikliği konuları, 20. yüzyılın sonlarına yaklaşıldıkça çağdaş sanatta belirgin bir şekilde vurgulanmaya başlanır. Bu eserlerde sanatçıların amacı, iklim değişikliğinin giderek artan ve kaçınılmaz etkilerini göstermek ve farkındalık yaratmak üzerinedir. Betimsel tarama modelli bu araştırmada küresel iklim değişikliği; bu konuda öne çıkan çağdaş sanatçıların çalışmaları üzerinden incelenmiştir.
Law 31112 effectiveness to control the business concentrations 2019-2021
Authors: Chávez Gutiérrez Sara Ysabel del Carmen , Che León Chueng José Luis , Rojas Luján Víctor William
Published: December 2022

The main objective in this search was to analyze the experts’ perceptions about business concentration operations and the Law 31112 effectiveness to control these business concentrations 2109 – 2021. The done search is basic, with a qualitative approach and a phenomenological analysis. We have made a structured interview to subject’ specialized professionals, according to a structured guide interview validated by five experts. The interviewed expert responses were analyzed very carefully with the following results: Most of the interviewed specialists (50%), consider that the concentration operations, now regulated, produce benefits; and about its effectiveness, the 80% interviewed experts consider that its effectiveness will be evaluated in due time because it is a very recent law. The main conclusions were: The interviewed specialists consider that, thanks to previous control over the business concentration operations, it is possible they bring economic benefits. They do not deny its effectiveness, they consider the law is functioning, but it is very early to determine such effectiveness, because it is a very recent law, it is in force for just one year.
Силові здібності: оцінка та особливості розвитку хлопців каратистів молодшого шкільного віку
Authors: Гонтаренко Володимир , Марченко Світлана , Король Олександ
Published: December 2022

Мета дослідження – визначити вікові особливості прояву відмінностей у силовій підготовленості хлопців молодших класів, які займаються в секції карате на спортивно-оздоровчому етапі.

Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні взяли участь 57 дітей, які пройшли тестування для визначення рівня розвитку силових здібностей. Вони були розподілені на чотири вікові групи: хлопці 7 років (n=14), 8 років (n=15), 9 років (n=15), 10 років (n=13). Діти та їхні батьки були інформовані про всі особливості дослідження і дали згоду на участь в експерименті. Технічний рівень дітей відповідав учнівським ступеням 10-9 Кю (помаранчевий колір поясу). Для вирішення поставлених завдань були використані методи дослідження: вивчення та аналіз науково-методичної літератури, педагогічне спостереження, хронометраж навчальних завдань, тестування силових здібностей педагогічний констатуючий експеримент, методи математичної статистики.

Результати. Статистично достовірні вікові розбіжності спостерігаються між групами хлопців 7-8 років за результатами тестів: згинання і розгинання рук в упорі лежачи (р=,0001), піднімання в сід за 30с (р=,001), згинання і розгинання рук у висі (р=,008), вис на зігнутих руках (р=,003), динамометрія лівої руки (р=,023), стрибок у довжину з місця (р=,0001); 8-9 років: піднімання в сід за 30с (р=,046), згинання і розгинання рук у висі (р=,004), вис на зігнутих руках (р=,002); 9-10 років: стрибок у довжину з місця (р=,014).

Висновки. Встановлено, що між хлопцями існують відмінності за різними структурними ланками, що характеризують показники сили. І ці відмінності відповідають віковим показникам і технічному рівню каратистів.
MİLİMETRE DALGA BANDINDA İNVAZİF OLMAYAN BİR YÖNTEM İLE SIVILARDA GLİKOZ SEVİYESİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: GÖKTAŞ Ömer Faruk , ÇANKAYA İlyas , ŞENGÜN ERMEYDAN Esra
Published: December 2022

Diyabet çağımızın en önemli halk sağlığı problemlerinden biridir. Kandaki glikoz seviyesinin kontrolü için kandaki glikoz oranının belirlenmesi gereklidir. Cihaz perspektifinden bakıldığında kandaki glikoz oranının belirlenmesinde invazif ve minimal invazif yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Her iki yöntem de incelendiğinde enfeksiyonel ve psikolojik riskleri beraberinde getirdikleri görülmektedir. Bu sebeplerden dolayı araştırmacılar invazif olmayan bir yöntem geliştirmek için çeşitli araştırmalar yapmaktadırlar. Milimetre dalgalar (mm-dalga), doku üzerinde herhangi bir zararlı etki yapmadığından doku katmanında invazif olmayan glikoz ölçümüne imkân sunar. Kanın karmaşık geçirgenliği mm-dalga bandında glikoz konsantrasyonu için oldukça hassastır. Bu çalışmada, 30 – 35 GHz bandında çeşitli glikoz oranlarına sahip sıvılarda mm-dalga yansıması, vektör ağ analizörü kullanılarak açık uçlu koaksiyel prob ve WR-28 adaptörü kullanılarak ayrı ayrı elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler her iki yöntem için 0.1 g/ml, 0.19 g/ml, 0.26 g/ml ve 0.33 g/ml glikoz konsantrasyonuna sahip sulu çözeltilerde, şekerli - şekersiz gazozda ve kola - diyet kola - kola zero gibi sıvılarda glikoz seviyesinin belirlemesinde S11-yansıma katsayısı verisinin ayırt edici olduğunu göstermiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar mm-dalgaların glikoz seviyesinin tespiti ve takibi için umut verici olduğunu göstermiştir.
Ortaöğretim Öğrencilerinin Kariyer Kaygısının Yordayıcıları Olarak Mükemmeliyetçilik ve Meslek Seçimine İlişkin Akılcı Olmayan İnançlar
Authors: CİMİNLİ Alaattin
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin mükemmeliyetçilik algılarının ve meslek seçimine ilişkin akılcı olmayan inançlarının kariyer kaygısını yordama durumunu belirlemektir. Araştırmaya 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılının bahar döneminde Erzincan ilinde öğrenim gören 279 (%54) kadın, 240 (%46) erkek olmak üzere toplam 519 öğrenci dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma korelasyonel modele göre tasarlanmıştır. Katılımcılara Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Kariyer Kaygısı Ölçeği, Frost Çok Boyutlu Mükemmeliyetçilik Ölçeği, Lise Öğrencileri İçin Meslek Seçimine İlişkin Akılcı Olmayan İnançlar Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin mükemmeliyetçilik algılarının ve meslek seçimine ilişkin akılcı olmayan inançlarının kariyer kaygısını yordamasını belirlemek amacıyla çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre mükemmeliyetçilik algıları, meslek seçimine ilişkin akılcı olmayan inançlar ve kariyer kaygısı arasında ilişki bulunmaktadır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre mükemmeliyetçilik algıları ve meslek seçimine ilişkin akılcı olmayan inançlar kariyer kaygısının %19’unu açıklamaktadır.
Bilişsel Olmayan Beceriler- Eğitim Psikolojisi Araştırmalarında Yeni Bir Bakış Açısı
Authors: TEMİRCAN Zekeriya
Published: December 2022

Çocukluk çağından başlayarak ergenlik döneminde geliştirilen bilişsel olmayan becerilerin akademik ve sosyal hayattaki başarı üzerinde önemli ve kalıcı bir etkisi olduğu görülmektedir. Bu becerilerin öğrencilerin akademik başarısı, kişisel gelişimi ve gelecek yönelimleri üzerinde olumlu bir şekilde doğrudan etkisinin olduğu belirtilmektedir. Bilişsel olmayan beceriler kavramı yurt dışı alanyazında eğitim alanında farklı konuları içeren araştırmalara sıkça konu olmuştur. Ancak ülkemizde bilişsel olmayan becerileri oluşturan kavramlar bireysel olarak araştırmalara konu olsa da “bilişsel olmayan beceriler” kavramı birkaç çalışmanın konusu dışında alanyazında kullanılmamıştır. Bu kavramın tek çatı altında toplandığı araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışma ile alanyazına farklı bir bakış açısıyla katkı sağlanması ve eksikliğin giderilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Konu ile ilgili alanyazın taraması için Web of Science, EBSCO, Scopus gibi veri tabanları kullanılmıştır. Yapılan derleme incelemesinde bilişsel olmayan beceriler ve bu becerilerin akademik performans ile ilişkisi çok yönlü ve bütünsel bir bakış açısıyla ele alınmıştır. Akademik davranış, azim, düşünce yapısı, öğrenme stratejileri ve sosyal beceriler gibi bilişsel olmayan becerilerin akademik performansa etkileri ele alınarak önemli bilgi ve açıklamalara yer verilmiştir. Yapılan bu derleme çalışmasının, araştırmacıların bu konu hakkındaki farkındalığını artırarak gelecekte yapılacak özgün araştırmalara, derlemelere ve meta-analiz çalışmalarına ışık tutması açısından önemli olduğu düşülmektedir.
O campo lexical da água em romances da tradição oral moderna portuguesa
Authors: Pires Natália Albino
Published: December 2022

The water element has a symbolic, ancestral value in all cultures, and it is possible to trace, throughout human history, the importance that water had and still has for different cultures and the symbolic values ​​that have been attributed to it. From an object of worship to a symbol of life, water is also associated with different cultural practices. To this extent, we find references to water in literature or painting and we find that, in these expressions, the symbolic values ​​that each community attributes to the water element are evidenced. Thus, based on the importance and symbolic values ​​of the water element in different cultures, in different cultural practices and in different expressions, we revisit the symbolic constructs associated with the water element in literature, particularly in an oral genre: spanish balads. In a very particular way, we intend to analyze the linguistic options of the lexical field of water in novels of the modern Iberian oral tradition, trying to verify to what extent the linguistic forms present in the texts contribute to the incorporation of metaphorical values ​​of the water element and in what measure those are the underpinning of a symbolic construct.
Silvestre ou jogo da (in)subordição entre cinema & etnografia
Authors: Araújo Teresa
Published: December 2022

El estudio revisa la mirada etnográfica del largometraje Silvestre de João César Monteiro (1981) realizado con recurso creativo a composiciones tradicionales («Doncella guerrera», por ejemplo) y el propósito de movilizarlas en el sentido de una aproximación al ethos portugués. El estudio, además de des-cubrir en el tejido de la película un romance muy conocido en el espacio de las lenguas ibéricas ("Veneno de Moriana"), encuentra en las tradiciones sometidas al guión la piedra de toque del propio sentido de Silvestre, es decir, la materialización del concepto de ser portugués con contornos peninsulares y la base para la reflexión del cineasta sobre su gesto creativo.
Intergenerational Perspectives on Media and Fake News During Covid-19: Results From Online Intergenerational Focus Groups
Authors: Oliveira Ana Filipa , Brites Maria José , Cerqueira Carla
Published: December 2022

This article reflects on intergenerational perspectives on media habits and fake news during Covid-19. Active participation is closely linked to the citizens’ media literacy competencies. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, inequalities in access, use, and understanding of the information conveyed by the media became more evident. Digital skills are essential to encourage co-learning and active ageing among different generations. This article relies on data collected during two online intergenerational focus groups with family pairs of different ages (grandparents and grandchildren) conducted in Portugal in the context of the European project SMaRT-EU. The focus groups addressed subjects such as news, fake news, critical perspective towards social networks and digital communication, and younger and older people’s perspectives regarding these matters. The thematic analysis of the Portuguese data suggests that, by placing grandparents and grandchildren side by side, the online intergenerational focus groups promoted sharing and exchange of knowledge, valuing the intergenerational encounter and the voices of one of society’s most fragile groups. Data also shows that participants have different perspectives on communication and digitally mediated interaction, mainly related to age factors and media literacy skills. As for fake news, although grandparents and grandchildren show awareness of the phenomenon, for the youngest participant it was complex to identify characteristics or the spaces where they are disseminated. The young adult participant was the most proficient and autonomous digital media user. Results further indicate that, although the online environment contributed to continuing research in times of pandemic, bringing together family members with different media literacy skills and ages poses difficulties related to the recruitment of participants.
Isthmic spondylolisthesis: the current state of the problem
Authors: Kinzyagulov B. R. , Lebedev V. B. , Zuev A. A.
Published: December 2022

Isthmic spondylolisthesis is a common pathology in the population, often diagnosed in people of working age. On the issues of etiopathogenesis, as well as the classification of this pathology, researchers have no consensus. Currently, the literature provides different opinions on clinical features, evaluation, and treatment tactics. The presented work includes current information from the world literature on the etiology, classification, clinics, diagnostics, and treatment of patients with isthmic spondylolisthesis.

The purpose of the work is to present current information from the world literature on the features of etiology, classification, clinic, diagnosis, treatment of patients with isthmic spondylolisthesis.
Dissection of basal cisterns for treatment of severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Stanishevskiy A. V. , Babichev K. N. , Gizatullin Sh. Kh. , Svistov D. V. , Onnitsev I. E. , Davydov D. V.
Published: December 2022

Background. According to WHO, severe traumatic brain injury is among the top ten leading causes of death worldwide. Despite the centuries‑old history of development of the treatment methods to patients with traumatic brain injury their results according to large randomized studies remain unsatisfactory – mortality and severe disability are observed in more than 50 % of patients. Some experimental studies indicate that decompressive craniectomy can aggravate the severity of cerebral edema by creating conditions for traction of nerve fibers and can lead to hemorrhagic transformation of injury foci and ischemia. During the last decade, experimental studies and technological progress have significantly expanded the understanding of brain normal and pathological physiology and made it possible to develop new methods of surgical interventions. In particular, a number of publications have shown significant advantages of dissection of arachnoid spaces of brain base in case of severe traumatic brain injury as compared with classical decompressive craniectomy.

Aim. To analyze the literature data on pathophysiological justification, surgery technique and results of dissection of arachnoid spaces of the brain base in case of severe traumatic brain injury as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the method as compared with standard treatment methods of such patients.

Materials and methods. Literature search through in the main databases was carried out. The methods of opening of basal subarachnoid spaces in case of severe traumatic brain injury, pathophysiological justification and surgery techniques as well as results of clinical studies of the techniques employed are analyzed.

Results. Information on pathogenesis of cerebral edema and pathophysiological justification of effectiveness of opening of brain base cisterns for treatment of traumatic brain injury, data on cisternostomy surgery technique and results were revealed, systematized and analyzed. Publications of individual clinical cases and series of observations indicate acceptable results of cisternostomy in comparison with decompressive craniectomy for treatment of traumatic brain injury.

Conclusions. Dissection of arachnoid spaces of the brain base with perforation of the terminal plate and the Liliequist membrane is a promising method of surgical treatment of severe traumatic brain injury.
Surgical treatment of adenoid cystic carcinomas of sinonasal localization
Authors: Spirinrin D. S. , Reshetov I. V. , Cherekaev V. A. , Chernov I. V. , Kobyakov G. L. , Golanov A. V. , Tlisova M. N. , Donskoy A. D. , Vetlova E. R. , Ivanov V. V. , Kalinin P. L.
Published: December 2022

Background. Tumors of the sinonasal region represent a large group of both benign and malignant formations affecting the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, structures of the anterior and middle cranial pits of the base of the skull.

Aim. Evaluation of the results of surgical treatment of patients with adenoid cystic carcinomas of sinonasal localization treated in the period from 2007 to 2021.

Material and methods. The present study is a retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of patients with adenoid cystic cancer of the base of the skull operated at the N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery in the period from 2007 to 2021.

Results. The radicality of tumor removal was assessed based on an MRI analysis performed no earlier than 3 months after surgery. Total (95–100 %) tumor removal was achieved in 8 (25 %), subtotal (80–95 %) in 15 (46.9 %), partial (50–80 %) in 5 (15.6 %) patients; extended biopsy was performed in 4 (12.5 %) cases. At the same time, total and subtotal removal was more often achieved with open surgery, which was due to the topographic and anatomical features of the location of tumors.

Discussion. In this paper, we present an analysis of the results of treatment of 32 patients with adenocystic cancer of sinonasal localization.

The main method of treatment is an integrated approach – radical surgical resection of the tumor together with adjuvant radiation therapy. Surgical treatment is aimed at the maximum possible resection of pathological tissues to prevent recurrence of the disease.

One of the most common approaches is transfacial with or without bifrontal craniotomy, which includes craniofacial resection.

Conclusion. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is an aggressive malignant tumor that requires a comprehensive approach to treatment. Important factors that positively affect the results of treatment are the conduct of chemoradiation treatment and the age of patients, as well as the initial stage of the disease at which treatment was initiated, which necessitates strengthening dispensary monitoring and raising awareness of the population about the possibility of developing such diseases for timely access to a doctor.
Feasibility of safe posterior C1–2 transarticular screw fixation: CT morphometric study
Authors: Lvov I. S. , Grin A. A. , Talypov A. E. , Roshchin S. Yu. , Sharifullin V. A. , Barbakadze Z. A. , Alekhin E. E. , Tupikin A. V. , Sosnovskiy E. A. , Nikogosyan R. A. , Talypova D. A. , Zhadova N. B. , Minkina O. A. , Shmeleva D. V. , Khamidova L. T.
Published: December 2022

Background. C1–2 transarticular fixation according to the F. Magerl technique is one of the most reliable methods of C1–2 screw stabilization. An important aspect of the precise placement of implants during transarticular fixation under X‑ray control is the use of correct selection of start‑ and end‑points of the installation trajectory. At certain values of the height and width of C2 isthmus some screw installation trajectories may be accompanied by a zero probability of vertebral artery damage that might be due to the screw malposition.

Aim. To evaluate CT morphometric characteristics of the C2 vertebra to assess the possibility of safe C1–2 transarticular fixation.

Materials and methods. The analysis performed was based on the data obtained from 7672 patients having admitted with suspected injury to the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine during the period from 01.01.2019 to 31.07.2019. The study involved 6 neurosurgeons and 6 medical doctors of the X‑ray diagnostics department. The measurements were carried out in 2 stages. Each parameter (isthmus height – IsthH, isthmus width – IsthW, lateral mass height – LmH) was measured 2 times. In case of high intraclass correlation, the mean value of the measurements was calculated, which was included in the final analysis.

Results. The intraclass correlation coefficient for all measurements approached an excellent correlation values and was 0.852 (95 % CI 0.844–0.860). Morphometric characteristics were calculated basing on data from 795 patients. The IsthH value was 7.45 ± 1.66, IsthW – 8.56 ± 1.48, LmH – 5.56 ± 1.84 mm. In men, the transarticular fixation was significantly more likely to be performed without injury of the vertebral artery (in 66.1 % of cases; χ2‑test, p <0.000001), whereas in women – only in 29.9 % of cases.

Conclusions. The results obtained suggest that percutaneous bilateral transarticular fixation with the use of posterior spinolaminar point and middle of the atlas anterior arch as landmarks potentially serves as a method of choice in 88.3 % of patients. Of all patients with normal anatomy of C2 isthmus, men are twice more likely to undergo transarticular fixation without damage of vertebral artery than women, the probability exceeds 66 %. However, the risk of injury of this blood vessel in other patients does not exceed 2.3 %, which is comparable with outcomes of other methods of C1–2 screw stabilization.
Endoscopic lavage of the cerebral ventricular system for ventriculitis treatment in a patient with complicated new coronavirus infection (COVID‑19)
Authors: Poshataev K. E. , Paskhin D. L. , Dorodov A. M. , Zabolotnyy R. V. , Mironov S. N. , Kuzmin P. V. , Avdalyan A. M. , Shtemplevskaya E. V.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The new coronavirus infection (COVID‑19) has a wide spectrum of complications. Frequency of neurological symptoms varies between 17.3 and 36.4 %. In 8 % of cases, COVID‑19 can be accompanied by bacterial or fungal infection. Since few descriptions of bacterial meningitis in adult patients with COVID‑19 and a single description of surgical treatment of purulent meningitis complicated by empyema of the 4th ventricle in a patient with COVID‑19 were found, and there are no meta‑analyses in this area, descriptions of such cases are of high scientific and practical value.

Aim. The describe a case of surgical treatment of purulent ventriculitis in an adult (during treatment of the new coronavirus infection COVID‑19).

Materials and methods. A man, 69 years old, with previously established diagnosis of the new coronavirus infection COVID‑19 and a comorbid pathology was admitted to the Moscow City Clinical Hospital No. 40 with newly diagnosed seizure disorder. Computed tomography imaging showed ventriculitis confirmed by MRI with obstructive hypertensive triventricular hydrocephalus.

Results. The patient underwent treatment: three‑time endoscopic lavage of the ventricular system, removal of newly formed fibrin membranes with interventricular septostomy, removal of obstruction at the level of the Sylvian aqueduct; the surgery was concluded by external draining of the lateral ventricles, administration of an antibiotic intro the ventricular system and intravenously. Cerebrospinal fluid flow was restored, ventriculitis manifestations completely negated.

Conclusion. Development of ventriculitis as one of the first signs of bacterial infection accompanying COVID‑19 is a very rare and life‑threatening complication requiring active surgical intervention. In was shown that endoscopic lavage of the ventricular system for ventriculitis treatment is an effective action against infection and cerebrospinal fluid flow disorders. Use of intraventricular endoscopy for ventriculitis treatment has several advantages compared to needle ventriculostomy. Further studies and analysis of treatment of bacterial ventriculitis using endoscopic surgical techniques in patients with and without the new coronavirus infection are needed.
PRIMARY EXPERIENCE OF NON-REFLECTIVE SUBJECTIVE CONSCIOUSNESS AS A TOPOS OF RELATIONSHIP / FORMAL SIMILARITY OF INDO-EUROPEAN LANGUAGES (on the material of focal unities of words-photophenomena)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Shevkun Eleonora
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the theoretical and philosophical foundations of the research, which are based on the model of cognition, formed in the womb of the post-non-classical philosophical paradigm as a synthesis of phenomenology and existentialism. Rejection of classical epistemology (knowledge of being through essence) leads to the focus of research on the sphere of human subjectivity. Consciousness, intentionality, and experiences embedded in the meanings of existence are revealed by describing the topological space of phenomenological consciousness through modeling the complete act of phenomenization; in the language plane, a complete analysis of the phenomena of light nature is the focus of the emergence of words-photophenomena. the mentioned conceptual frameworks serve as the theoretical basis for comparing and comparing closely related languages of the Indo-European language family in combination with the empirical work of historical comparativism / comparative historical method; etymological analysis of linguistic material and the identification of chains-linkages of roots-photoetymons in Indo-European languages. The author's personal contribution consists in the APPLICATION OF ACCURATE AND VALID principles of the complex philosophy of language – the synthesis of phenomenology and existentialism, which open a new perspective in the centuries-old search for a solution to the problem of kinship / formal similarity of Indo-European languages. The departure from methodocentrism and the application of theoretically multiple models of the conceptualization of subject language opens up new opportunities for alternative modeling of the probabilities of appearance – the description of existential words of the light nature as complicit in the focus of the internal – a complete act of phenomenization in the modality of possibility / probability. Anthropological investigations as a manifestation of the internal deep beginnings of the subject of existence allowed us to put forward a hypothesis about the relative nature of the pragmatic component in the acts of the primary non-reflective experience of discovering being in the world and the probabilistic bringing to the fore of the a priori given of Freedom under the condition of a phenomenal relationship to the world. Empirical material of the study – focal units of words of photophenomena, which speak about the world and human existence in it, include a significant amount of language material from closely related language groups of the Indo-European family.
TASKS OF MODERN LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY AND CONTRASTIVE LINGUISTICS (on the example of comparing Spanish and Ukrainian languages)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Korbozerova Nina
Published: December 2022

When comparing the native language and a foreign language, several methods of comparison are used, which differ significantly from each other. Therefore, the disciplines that deal with the comparison of two or more languages are multilingual, they are based on cross-linguistic comparison. Comparative-historical, areal, and typological research aims to build appropriate classifications of languages, they are aimed at finding similar features in the compared languages that connect them and form the basis for genetic correspondences, which is explained by primary linguistic affinity. Contrastive linguistics is mainly interested in what distinguishes the languages being compared, and what may be a factor causing cross-linguistic interference. Comparative typology and congruent linguistics, not being interested in the genetic origin of languages, their diachronic development, have their specific goals, purpose, research material and limits of application. If comparative typology pays attention primarily to similar features between two languages, then contrastive linguistics focuses on identifying differences in order to prevent mistakes when learning foreign languages.
Generalized Gamma, Beta and Hypergeometric Functions Defined by Wright Function and Applications to Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: ATA Enes , KIYMAZ İ. Onur
Published: December 2022

When the literature is examined, it is seen that there are many studies on the generalizations of gamma, beta and hypergeometric functions. In this paper, new types of generalized gamma and beta functions are defined and examined using the Wright function. With the help of generalized beta function, new type of generalized Gauss and confluent hypergeometric functions are obtained. Furthermore, some properties of these functions such as integral representations, derivative formulas, Mellin transforms, Laplace transforms and transform formulas are determined. As examples, we obtained the solution of fractional differential equations involving the new generalized beta, Gauss hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric functions. Finally, we presented their relationship with other generalized gamma, beta, Gauss hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric functions, which can be found in the literature.
Analysis of Exact Solutions of a Mathematical Model by New Function Method
Authors: GÜREFE Yusuf , PANDIR Yusuf , AKTÜRK Tolga
Published: December 2022

In this article, the new function method is used to obtain the wave solutions of the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation. Since the Klein-Gordon equation is a nonlinear partial differential equation containing exponential functions, it was decided to apply the new function method, which was defined on the assumption of a nonlinear auxiliary differential equation containing exponential functions. Thus, it aims to reach wave solutions not found in the literature. The considered method can be easily applied to this type of nonlinear problem that is difficult to solve and gives us solutions. Here, two new exact solutions are obtained. Then two and three-dimensional density and contour graphs are drawn by selecting the appropriate parameters to analyze the physical behavior of these solutions. The Mathematica package program was effectively used in all calculations and graphic drawings.
Testing Complete Spatial Randomness on Linear Networks: Leon County Traffic Accident Example
Authors: DEMİRSOY Idris
Published: December 2022

A relatively new sub-area within this is the statistical analysis of point processes on linear networks, that is, processes of events occurring randomly in space but with locations constrained to lie on a linear network. For example, traffic accidents occur at random locations constrained to lie on a network of streets. In this case, the network is idealized as a network of line segments in the plane or three-dimensional space. The development of statistical techniques for the analysis of point processes on linear networks is still in its infancy. Many standard statistical techniques for analyzing point processes cannot be directly applied to data arising from linear networks and require suitable modification. Test of Complete Spatial Randomness (CSR) for point processes on the plane based on quadrat counts or nearest neighbors cannot be applied to point processes on linear networks. This paper defines a Voronoi tessellation of the linear network which uses the shortest path distance along the network instead of Euclidean distance, and then develops a chi-square test of CSR for linear networks based on the event counts in the tiles of this tessellation. This test is applied to data on traffic accidents in Leon County, Florida, USA.
Proliferative and Antimicrobial Evaluation of the Benzalkonium Chloride Loaded Walnut Shell-Rich Chitosan Gels
Authors: KATI Ahmet , ALTUNTAS Sevde
Published: December 2022

Tissue engineering studies combine cells, biomaterials, and biomolecules to mimic native tissue. The selection of appropriate materials for tissue engineering applications encourages best practices from the lab to clinical trials, and natural biomaterials have the potential to offer desired features for these applications. Material abundance, ease of the process, and biocompatibility are the first milestones to choosing a suitable material. Lignocellulose is one of the most promising biomaterials for its biocompatible, antioxidant, and biodegradable features and is the most abundant material in nature. A walnut shell-added chitosan gel was developed in this study by exploiting chitosan's desired properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical capabilities, which boosted cell proliferation. Furthermore, the gel system was reinforced with benzalkonium chloride (BAC), a well-known eye drop sterilizing agent. The hydrogels were subjected to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses, and BAC-related signals were observed. The results of BAC-loaded hydrogels revealed that the viability of the primary fibroblasts was enhanced on the BAC-loaded gels compared to tissue culture polystyrene, but the difference was not found statistically significant. Yet, antibacterial activity results demonstrated that only BAC-loaded gel systems have solid antibacterial activity. Additionally, the fibroblasts had the strongest proliferation profile on the walnut shell-added chitosan hydrogels compared to other test groups, but the films' bactericidal activity of the hydrogels was not apparent. After revising the BAC and walnut shell concentrations in the hydrogels, the findings demonstrated that the injectable gel system could be used for cell transplantation in vitro and in vivo.
A Mathematical Model of Susceptible Diabetes Complication (SDC) Model in Discrete Time Fuzzy and Crisp Environment
Authors: MERDAN Mehmet , ŞİŞMAN Şeyma
Published: December 2022

In this study, we examined the mathematical model of the discrete-time equation system with susceptible diabetes complication (SDC), which is known to be caused by environmental and genetic factors in a fuzzy environment. From the diabetes complication (DC) model, the susceptible diabetes complication (SDC) model is being developed. It was obtained using definitions of how the behavior of this model changes in a fuzzy environment. A nonlinear differential equation system transforms the sensitive diabetes complication (SDC) model into a discrete time equation system. Stability analysis of the model with jury criterion was examined. In addition, numerical solutions and graphics of the analysis of the discrete model in fuzzy environment are obtained by using the MATLAB package program.
Evaluation of DNA Protective and Antimicrobial Properties of some Cladonia Species
Authors: CEYLAN Ahmet , ŞEKER KARATOPRAK Gökçe , KOCAKAYA Zekiye , KOCAKAYA Mustafa
Published: December 2022

The present study evaluated the DNA protective properties and antimicrobial activities of the methanol extracts of nine Cladonia species, namely C. pocillum, C. subulata, C. pyxidata, C. coniocraea, C. foliacea, C. firma, C. furcata, C. fimbriata and C. rangiformis collected in Turkey. DNA protection properties efficiency of Cladonia extracts was evaluated using pBR322 plasmid DNA. In vitro antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts against two Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis), three Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis) and two fungal strains (Candida glabrata and Candida albicans) were examined using the disc diffusion method and through the determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC). DNA protective studies, all Cladonia extracts protected pBR322 plasmid DNA against damage caused by the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with ultraviolet (UV). The results demonstrated that the inhibition zones in the disc diffusion method ranged from 6.5 to 19.0 mm. MIC results were ranged from 3.12 to 6.25 mg/mL. Cladonia extracts show a better antimicrobial effect against bacterial strains than fungal strains. The highest antimicrobial effect among lichen species was demonstrated by Cladonia pocillum. Our results demonstrated that tested Cladonia extracts had strong antibacterial and DNA protective effects. This is the first comprehensive study to evaluate the DNA protective properties activity of Cladonia extracts.
Investigation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii) Essential Oil
Authors: SÖNMEZ GÜRER Eda , TUNC Tutku
Published: December 2022

In this study; It was aimed to investigate the cytotoxic activities and antimicrobial effects of Palmarosa essential oil obtained from Cymbopogon martinii plant. Content analyzes of Palmarosa essential oil were made by Gas Chromatopraphy-Mess Spectrometry (GS-MS). The antimicrobial effects of Palmarosa essential oil were investigated using Disk Diffusion and Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) methods. Cytotoxic effects of essential oil at different concentrations in breast cancer (MCF-7), prostate cancer (DU-145) and healthy human fibroblast (WI-38) cell lines XTT (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5) -sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) test. In the disc diffusion method of Palmarosa; against K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, and E. coli, it was observed that the first concentrations formed zone diameters very close to the standard. It has been determined that the antifungal effect against C. albicans is present in the first two concentrations (200-100 µg/mL). Palmarosa, in the MIC method; Showed the highest antibacterial effect against B. cereus (MIC: <1.56 µg/mL). It has reached effective MIC values against other bacteria and fungi. In our cytotoxic activity studies; The IC50 value for DU-145 cells was 3.14 ±0.126, 6.29 ±0.56 for MCF-7 and 20.06 ±1.02 for WI-38. The antitumor activity of Palmarosa essential oil was found to be more effective in DU-145 cells, but it was observed that there was no toxicity in WI-38 cell line.
Machine Learning Applications to the One-speed Neutron Transport Problems
Authors: TÜRECİ R. Gökhan
Published: December 2022

Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence and computer science. The purpose of machine learning is to predict new data by using the existing data. In this study, two different machine learning methods which are Polynomial Regression (PR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are applied to the neutron transport problems which are albedo problem, the Milne problem, and the criticality problem. ANN applications contain two different activation functions, Leaky Relu and Elu. The training data set is calculated by using the HN method. PR and ANN results are compared with the literature data. The study is only based on the existing data; therefore, the study could be thought only data mining on the one-speed neutron transport problems for isotropic scattering.
Association of alcohol consumption with telomere length in humans: a systematic review
Authors: Panchenko Andrey V. , Agumava Aslan A. , Pavlova Laura E. , Panchenko Alla V. , Timina Maria F.
Published: December 2022

Telomeres are complex nucleoprotein structures with specific proteins of noncoding terminal regions of linear chromosomes of eukaryotic cells. Telomere DNA consists of a large number of short sequence repeats (TTAGGG in vertebrates). Telomeres protect chromosomes from their fusion and degradation, limit the proliferative potential of the cell, participate in the segregation of chromosomes during cell division, etc. Reduction of telomeres length is an important factor with significant impact on cell viability and function, aging, and leads to the development of various diseases including cancer.
Alcohol abuse has a significant impact on a person's health. Ethanol consumption by a human potentially affects the length of chromosome telomeres on the cellular level.
Current review represents systematic analysis of studies on the effect of alcohol consumption on telomere length in humans. PubMed and eLIBRARY.RU databases were explored for the combinations of the terms ("Ethanol" OR "Alcohol") AND "Telomer" with a limitation on the publication date until 01 January 2011. The search resulted in 269 studies. In accordance with the preset criteria, total 238 studies were excluded from the analysis, and 3 publications were excluded due to unavailability of full text. A total of 28 epidemiological and clinical studies were included for this study review.
The association of alcohol consumption with shortening of telomeres was reported in 16 of the studies conducted with various populations and cohorts including individuals with alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, and some genetic variants of alcohol metabolism enzymes. 12 studies reported alcohol consumption was not associated with change in telomere length.
The analysis of reviewed studies allows to conclude that they are ambiguous and that there is further urgency to study the effect of alcohol on telomere length by engaging modern methods for its determination.
The role of microvascular dysfunction in the pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ­efficiency fraction
Authors: Kopeva Kristina V. , Maltseva Alina N. , Mochula Andrew V. , Grakova Elena V. , Zavadovsky Konstantin V.
Published: December 2022

Background. The results of a growing number of international studies support the assumption that the prevalence of coronary microvascular dysfunction is much higher than previously thought, including in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
Aim. To study the role of coronary microvascular dysfunction in the pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in patients with non-obstructive lesions of the coronary arteries.
Material and methods. The study included 73 patients with non-obstructive lesions of the coronary arteries. Dynamic single-photon emission computed tomography was used to evaluate the parameters of coronary blood flow reserve. Coronary microvascular dysfunction was defined as the presence of reduced coronary blood flow reserve 2. The distribution of patients was carried out depending on the reserve of coronary blood flow: the first group (n=35) included patients with a reduced reserve 2, the second group with preserved reserve 2 (n=38). Statistical processing of the study results was carried out using nonparametric methods: in the analysis of quantitative indicators, the MannWhitney test was used; in the analysis of qualitative features, the analysis of contingency tables using the Pearson 2 test was performed. To search for relationships between variables, correlation analysis with the calculation of Spearman's correlation coefficients was used.
Results. In 82.9% of cases, patients in the first group had heart failure, while in patients in the second group, it was diagnosed only in 44.7% of cases (p=0.014). The values of the coronary blood flow reserve correlated with the size of the left atrium (r=0.527; p=0.001), the E/A (r=0.321, p=0.012) and E/e' ratio (r=0.307; p=0.021). In patients with heart failure, the levels of coronary blood flow reserve correlated with the functional class: in patients with functional class I (n=21), the values of this indicator were 2.87 (2.52; 2.94), with class II (n=8) 1.98 (1.65; 2.16), with functional class III (n=17) 1.51 (1.23; 1.69).
Conclusion. The presence of coronary microvascular dysfunction is associated with a higher incidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; values of coronary blood flow reserve correlate with parameters of diastolic dysfunction.
Topical corticosteroids for dry eye (Russian Translation of Cochrane Plain Language Summary)
Authors: - - -
Published: December 2022

This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: LiuS-H, SaldanhaIJ, AbrahamAG, RittiphairojT, HauswirthS, GregoryD, IfantidesC, LiT. Topical corticosteroids for dry eye.Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2022. Issue10. Art. No.:CD015070. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD015070.pub2.