bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEANDALAN INFORMASI LAPORAN KEUANGAN DAERAH BERBASIS AKRUAL: Kajian Pengelolaan Aset Tetap Daerah Kabupaten Sampang
Authors: Priyono Karnanto
Published: January 2016

ABSTRAKSI Keandalan penyajian laporan keuangan diperlukan agar laporan keuangan bermanfaat bagi pengguna. Untuk itu aset tetap harus dikelola dengan baik agar menghasilkan informasi yang andal dalam laporan keuangan daerah.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji keandalan informasi aset tetap daerah pada Pemerintah Kabupaten Sampang. Keandalan informasi dalam laporan keuangan diartikan bebas dari pengertian yang menyesatkan dan kesalahan material, menyajikan setiap fakta secara jujur, serta dapat diverifikasi.Pengelolaan aset tetap daerah merupakan upaya meningkatkan efisiensi, efektifitas dan menciptakan nilai tambah dalam mengelola aset.Pengelolaan dilaksanakan berdasarkan asas fungsional, kepastian hukum, transparansi dan keterbukaan, efisiensi, akuntabilitas, dan kepastian nilai.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan paradigma penelitian Post-positivisme dengan pendekatan studi kasus.Obyek penelitian adalah kandungan informasi aset tetap daerah pada Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sampang. Analisis data dilakukan dengan data reduction, understanding dan interpretation.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengelolaan Barang/aset Milik daerah pada Kabupaten Sampang belum dilaksanakan secara memadai sehingga menghasilkan penyajian informasi aset tetap daerah yang belum andal. Untuk itu disarankan segera disusun kebijakan akuntansi yang mengatur tentang penyusutan aset tetap, meningkatkan koordinasi pada seluruh Satuan Kerja Perangkat (SKPD), dan menuntaskan rekonsiliasi antara Bidang Akuntansi dan Pelaporan dengan Bidang Pengelolaan Aset. Situs penelitian hanya pada satu pemerintah daerah dan hanya terbatas pada pengelolaan aset tetap daerah, tidak melakukan kajian pada semua akun.   Keywords   :  Keandalan, Pengelolaan, Aset Tetap Daerah
MEMOTRET FENOMENA PERAN DAN SIKAPDIVISI KEPATUHAN BANK SYARIAH DALAM PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH
Authors: Sirajudin Sirajudin
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT This research had tried to capture the phenomena of compliance division’s role in mudharabah financing of BSX and to disclose the existence and the reason of conventional attitudes’ presence among it’s role.  This research is a qualitative one that using trancedental phenomenology of Husserl to capture the compliance division’s role and the conventional attitudes that present in mudharabah financing of BSX.  It also has analyzed the reasons of conventional attitude’s presence.  The result had disclosed the steps in mudharabah financing that involved and entailed SPK as compliance division, they’re approval step, melting step, and the step of partial payment on mudharabah financing debt.  Based on the phenomena of SPK’s involvement, it’s found some pictures of SPK’s role as watchdog, machine and the commentator.   Beside those roles, it’s also found conventional attitudes such as vigilance attitude that transformed to skeptical attitude, apathy attitude, and distrusty attitude. The presence of those attitudes during the mudharabah financing process (especailly the involvement of SPK) could not be remove from the “over” preventive attitude of BSX it self, and it seemed as a legitimation of BI for being the sole regulator of Indonesian banking that implanted those attitude in SPK’s role.   Keywords:             phenomenology, role, conventional attitudes, mudharabah financing, legitimation.   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini berupaya memotret sebuah fenomena peran divisi kepatuhan dalam pembiayaan mudharabah Bank Syariah “X” dan mengungkap adanya sikap-sikap konvensional yang menyertai peran divisi kepatuhan tersebut.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi transedental Husserl untuk memotret peran divisi kepatuhan dan sikap-sikap yang hadir dalam pembiayaan mudharabah BSX dan menganalisis penyebab hadirnya sikap-sikap konvensional tersebut.  Hasil penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan tahapan-tahapan yang sering diikuti dan meniscayakan keterlibatan SPK sebagai divisi kepatuhan BSX dalam proses pembiayaan mudharabahnya.  Tahapan-tahapan yang sering diikutinya antara lain adalah tahapan persetujuan, tahapan pencairan dan tahapan pembayaran angsuran pembiayaan.  Berdasarkan fenomena keterlibatan SPK tersebut, ditemukanlah beberapa potret peran SPK dalam proses pembiayaan mudharabah antara lain sebagai watchdog, mesin dan sang komentator. Temuan selanjutnya adalah sikap-sikap konvensional yang hadir dalam peran-peran SPK tersebut.  Sikap-sikap konvensional tersebut adalah sikap kewaspadaan yang bertransformasi menjadi sikap kecurigaan, sikap ketidakpedulian, dan sikap ketidakpercayaan.  Hadirnya sikap-sikap tersebut tidak lepas dari adanya sikap preventif “yang berlebihan” oleh internal BSX itu sendiri, selain adanya legitimasi dari BI sebagai regulator tunggal perbankan yang ada di Indonesia yang mencangkokkan sikap-sikap ke dalam peran SPK.   Kata kunci: fenomenologi, peran, sikap-sikap konvensional, pembiayaan mudharabah, legitimasi.
AKUNTANSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA: KAJIAN KRITIS ATAS PENGAKUAN PEMAIN SEPAK BOLA SEBAGAI ASET KLUB SEPAK BOLA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Baihaqi Jadzil
Published: January 2016

Title: [Human Resource Accounting: A Critical Study on Recognition of Football Player as Football Club Asset in Indonesia]

The purpose of this study is to examine and criticize the theory of human resource accounting and IAS 38, specificly with regard to the football player recognition. This study also expands the accounting perspective to see the reality of a more holistic perspective, which is not only limited to the financial perspective. This study is a qualitative study by using the critical paradigm and a case study perspective. The result of this study is the form of new accounting concept, particularly the recognition of football players. Player recognition is not interpreted only from the economic perspective, but more important is the players have inherent factors, namely the spiritual factors, education/training, social/cultural, and environmental. These factors highly influence the player, so it does not suitable if the player is recognized as an asset and the monetary valuation is not always the best indicator.
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN DEWAN KOMISARIS, DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP LUAS PENGUNGKAPAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (Studi Empiris Perusahaan Manufaktur di BEI Tahun 2008–2012)
Authors: Ridho Nailun Ahmad , Sulistiani Dwi
Published: January 2016

Title: [The Effect of Company Size, Profitability, Commissioner Board Size and Leverage on Widespread Disclosure of Good Corporate Governance: Empirical Study on Manufacturing Companies are Listed in IDX among Year 2008-2012]

Corporate Governance is sets of rules that affect management to create a strong system and firm structure. This study was conducted to analyze the factors that affect the wider corporate governance disclosure in annual report on manufacturing companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This research is descriptive quantitative research. The data used are secondary data companies that listed on the Stock Exchange from the period 2008 to 2012. Factors tested in this research were firm size, profitability, board size, and leverage. Sampling methods used in this research was purposive sampling. The analysis technique is used multiple linear analysis methods for Hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that partially independent variables that significantly influence the broad disclosure of corporate governance is the profitability and leverage. Profitability variables have a significant effect because the companies with high profit companies have a responsibility to disclose more information even as the number of interested stakeholders. While the leverage effect is also significant because the company with high leverage levels will disclose more information to creditor’s necessity with the result that reduces the supervision’s cost. Whereas no effect was variable firm size and board size. The variable size of the company does not have a significant effect because the large-sized companies are more likely to have greater agency problems anyway, so it needs more stringent good corporate governance mechanism, especially in manufacturing companies with different levels of difficulty with other types of companies. While the board size variable is also not significant because the number of commissioners would effect to then many entries received by directors and will effect the decision of the board of directors. Independent variables can explain the widespread influence of corporate governance disclosure by 33.2% while the remaining 66.8% can be explained by factors beyond research.
SUBYEKTIVITAS AUDITOR JUDGMENTS SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI PROFESIONALISME
Authors: Hidayah Ade Irma
Published: January 2016

This paper attempts to provide a descriptive explanation of auditor’s judgments as a part of audit process. By using information from research and her personal experiences, the author provide a different way to understand the nature of auditor’ subjectivity. According to standards established by Institute of Certified Public Accountant, auditor is required to perform audit using his/her professional judgment. The word ”professional judgments” appear in every chapter of this standard. Auditor ’opinion is expected to be objective and free from personal auditor’ subjectivity. Although, the ”judgment” is very closely related to ideas, calculation and even the result of contemplation. Behind the screen of judgment making could not be separated from the condition of auditor. There is no perfection objectivity in a judgment. Therefor, subjectivity in audit judgment are necessity. However, judgment based on knowledge, experience, morality, common sense and conscience is accountable judgment.
Bermudagrass, Wheat, and Tall Fescue Crude Protein Forage Estimation using Mobile‐Platform, Active‐Spectral and Canopy‐Height Data
Authors: Pittman J. Josh , Arnall D. Brian , Interrante Sindy M. , Wang Ning , Raun William R. , Butler Twain J.
Published: January 2016

Forage nutritive value analysis is typically performed via laboratory methods. Developing a system that provides crude protein (CP) estimates more quickly would be valuable. For evaluating feasibility of this system, N rate experiments containing bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.], tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.], and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were examined. A hyperspectral passive spectrometer collecting spectral data at 340 to 1030 nm and a sensor system developed for use from a mobile platform were employed to collect data for prediction of CP. The predicted CP from hyperspectral data regressed with those measured by near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in a laboratory produced R2 = 0.80. Bermudagrass CP predictions from data collected using the mobile system showed no seasonal influence and were characterized with R2 = 0.85. Wheat predictions from the mobile sensors exhibited R2 = 0.27 for both fall and spring wheat when modeled as one data set. When split into two data sets for fall (Feekes 1–7) and spring (Feekes 7–10) growth, wheat model predictions of CP bore R2 = 0.65 and 0.01, respectively. Tall fescue exhibited a similar pattern for mobile data, whereas all predictions regressed with measured values exhibited an R2 = 0.63, spring and early summer an R2 = 0.83, and fall observations an R2 = 0.41. The results of this study indicate prediction of CP using hyperspectral data are accurate enough to be used for reporting forage CP for bermudagrass and are seasonally dependent for reporting forage CP in tall fescue and wheat.
Impact of a Quantitative Trait Locus for Tiller Number on Plasticity of Agronomic Traits in Spring Wheat
Authors: Nasseer A.M. , Martin J.M. , Heo H.Y. , Blake N.K. , Sherman J.D. , Pumphrey M. , Kephart K.D. , Lanning S.P. , Naruoka Y. , Talbert L.E.
Published: January 2016

Variability of production environments challenges wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeders to develop genotypes with the potential to perform well under different levels of resource availability. An important trait that may provide plasticity to wheat is productive tiller number (PTN). This paper reports two studies. The first study tested the impact of a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for PTN on yield and other traits in a set of near‐isogenic lines (NILs) grown over nine environments in the Pacific Northwest. Results showed that an allele for high tiller number at QTn.mst‐6B enhanced early tiller (ETN) formation regardless of environments. Under favorable conditions, the large number of early tillers translated into a capacity for high PTN. Seed weight and seed diameter were negatively affected by the QTn.mst‐6B high tiller allele. The second study assessed the impact of QTn.mst‐6B under different competition and soil resource levels in three trials in Bozeman, MT. Three treatments were imposed on NIL pairs in replicated experiments: (i) bordered rows that limited soil resources to each NIL, (ii) nonbordered rows with less competition that provided more soil resources to each NIL, and (iii) space‐planted plants with limited competition for soil resources. Results complemented those found in the multienvironment trials, as the high tiller allele caused high PTN at low competition levels when soil resources were more abundant. Increased yield as a result of the high tiller allele at QTn.mst‐6B was only detectable in the highest resource treatment and environment.
Can the Tetrazolium Test be Used as an Alternative to the Germination Test in Determining Seed Viability of Grass Species?
Authors: Soares Vanessa N. , Elias Sabry G. , Gadotti Gizele I. , Garay Adriel E. , Villela Francisco A.
Published: January 2016

Currently, the standard germination test (SGT) is the official test for evaluating seed viability in seed testing laboratories around the world. The SGT takes 3 to 4 wk to complete for most grasses, including the dormancy breaking treatment period. The tetrazolium test (TZT), however, offers quick viability determination within 24 to 48 h, even for dormant seeds. This study was conducted to compare SGT and TZT results for tall fescue (TF), annual and perennial ryegrass (ARG and PRG), orchardgrass (OG), bentgrass (BG), Kentucky bluegrass (KBG), and fine fescues (FF). A total of 3432 samples representing the seven species were evaluated for viability by SGT and TZT during 2009 to 2013 at the Oregon State University Seed Laboratory (OSUSL). According to the germination tolerance table of the Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA), both SGT and TZT results were within tolerance in 94.2% of TF samples, 95.2% of ARG samples, 90.4% of PRG samples, 93.7% of OG samples, 90.8% of FF samples, 83.9% of BG samples, and 42.4% of KBG samples. Dormancy was the main reason for higher viability by TZT results than by SGT in the same sample, causing the two test results to be out‐of‐tolerance. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the TZT can be used as an alternative viability test to the SGT for TF, ARG, PRG, OG, FF, and possibly for BG. However, the KBG has higher levels of dormancy, which brings the SGT below the TZT results, especially for freshly harvested seeds.
Growth Analysis of Irrigated ‘Tifton 85’ and Jiggs Bermudagrasses as Affected by Harvest Management
Authors: Silva Valdson J. , Pedreira Carlos G.S. , Sollenberger Lynn E. , Carvalho Marcos S.S. , Tonato Felipe , Basto Débora C.
Published: January 2016

Growth analysis of forage crops allows integration of photosynthesis, respiration, and allocation of photosynthate from estimates of physiological and morphological indices. These measurements help explain differences in growth potential between plants across seasons and in response to harvest management. The objective was to describe and explain patterns of growth of ‘Tifton 85’ (Cynodon spp.) and Jiggs [C. dactylon (L.) Pers.] bermudagrasses to three harvest frequencies (14, 28, and 42 d) during 2 yr. Grasses showed different growth patterns during the cool and warm seasons. Crop growth rate (CGR) was similar during the warm season (69 kg ha–1 d–1), but Jiggs had greater relative growth rate (RGR) and lesser stubble mass and residual leaf mass. Jiggs had greater net assimilation rate (NAR) than Tifton 85 during the warm (14.2 vs. 11.4 kg dry matter [DM] m–2 d–1, respectively) and cool seasons (6.9 vs. 2.5 kg DM m–2 d–1, respectively). Tifton 85 partitioned more biomass to leaf than Jiggs (leaf weight ratio [LWR] of 0.35 vs. 0.28 kg kg–1). The 14‐d harvest frequency reduced CGR, RGR, and NAR of both grasses. Small changes in RGR occurred beyond 28 d of regrowth, but leaf area ratio (LAR) and LWR decreased, suggesting that grasses should be harvested ∼ every 28 d during the warm season. Longer regrowth periods during the cool season increased both CGR and RGR. Harvest management affects differently the growth and morphological components of Jiggs and Tifton 85 in this environment.
Yield Response to Planting Date Among Soybean Maturity Groups for Irrigated Production in the US Midsouth
Authors: Salmerón Montserrat , Gbur Edward E. , Bourland Fred M. , Buehring Normie W. , Earnest Larry , Fritschi Felix B. , Golden Bobby R. , Hathcoat Daniel , Lofton Josh , McClure Angela Thompson , Miller Travis D. , Neely Clark , Shannon Grover , Udeigwe Theophilus K. , Verbree David A. , Vories Earl D. , Wiebold William J. , Purcell Larry C.
Published: January 2016

Planting date is one of the main factors affecting soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) yield. Environmental conditions in the US Midsouth allow for planting dates from late March through early July, and maturity groups (MGs) ranging from 3 to 6. However, the complexity of interactions among planting date, MG, and the environment makes the selection of an optimum MG cultivar difficult. A regional 3‐yr study, conducted at eight locations with latitudes ranging from 30.6 to 38.9°N, planting dates ranging from late March to early July, and MGs 3 to 6, was used to examine the relationship between relative yield and planting day. The data indicated that yield was dependent on the location and MG choice. There was a quadratic response of relative yield to planting day in six out of the eight locations studied for MG 3 cultivars, and in five locations for MG 4 cultivars. On the other hand, MG 5 and 6 cultivars were more likely to have a negative linear relationship, with a quadratic response in only two of the eight locations. Optimum planting dates that maximized yield were dependent on the location and MG combination and ranged from 22 March to 17 May. Delaying planting dates from mid May to early June reduced yields by 0.09 to 1.69% per day, with the rate of decline greatest at the southern‐most locations. Overall, MG 4 cultivars maximized yield or were not statistically different from the highest yielding MG at most locations and planting dates.
The National Forest Inventory of Serbia: State and possible further directions of development
Authors: Pantic Damjan , Borota Dragan
Published: January 2016

A comparative analysis of National Forest Inventories (NFI) of many
countries, including Serbia was made in the manuscript, in terms of
methodology and in terms of the definition of different information collected
about forest ecosystems. Further development of the NFI Serbia was also
analyzed. It was determined that there are differences in national
methodologies, but that they are not substantial and do not constitute an
obstacle to the creation of uniform databases of forests at the regional and
global levels as a prerequisite for political and professional action aimed
at protecting and ensuring sustainability of all forest functions. Contrary
to that, differences between national definitions for information that are
collected by inventory are numerous, distinct and as such represent a major
obstacle to the mentioned aspirations. The solution of the problem is
standardization, i.e. in the far more acceptable harmonization process
(adaptation) NFI, whereby such frameworks of that activity are imposed by the
FAO (globally) and COST Action E43 (mainly in the European region). NFI
Serbia, on the threshold of second realization, is burdened with a numerous
institutional, organizational and methodological problems and dilemmas,
inherited from the first measurement of Serbian forests. Therefore, an urgent
recruitment of relevant experts is necessary to resolve and overcome
problems, in order to ensure all the prerequisites for a successful
implementation and obtaining reliable data of the second NFI, so that the
future NFI can be alleviated of the conditions in which it is currently
located.
Vegetation patterns of dry grasslands and rocky grounds on Vidlic Mountain (southeastern Serbia)
Authors: Markovic Marija , Nikolic Biljana , Rakonjac Ljubinko , Pesic Dusica
Published: January 2016

This paper studies vegetation patterns of dry grasslands and rocky grounds on
the limestone terrain of Mt. Vidlic, which borders the southern edge of the
Balkans Mountain in Serbia, known as Stara planina. Having conducted field
research, we presented the obtained results in the form of a
phytosociological table. Dry grassland and rocky ground vegetation belongs to
the familiar alliances of Festucion valesiacae (Festuco-Brometea) and
Seslerion rigidae (Festuco-Seslerietea). Phytosociological data were analyzed
using cluster analysis and evaluation of biodiversity indices. The stands of
dry grasslands and rocky grounds were classified according to their floristic
composition. Altitude proved to be the major factor in their grouping by
floristic similarity. In other words, there is an increase in biodiversity
with an increasing altitude. The importance of dry grasslands and rocky
grounds of Mt.Vidlic lies primarily in their role in erosion control, but
their diversity makes them an important source of medicinal herbs and grazing
land.
Evaluation of surfactant replacement therapy effects: A new potential role of lung ultrasound
Authors: Lovrenski Jovan , Sorantin Erich , Stojanovic Sanja , Doronjski Aleksandra , Lovrenski Aleksandra
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Previous studies suggested that effects of the surfactant
administration in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome cannot
be followed by lung ultrasound (L-US). Objective. The aim of the paper is to
evaluate the surfactant replacement therapy effects using a new, proposed
grading system for L-US findings. Methods. We report the series of 12 preterm
infants with clinical and radiographic signs of respiratory distress
syndrome, in whom L-US examinations were performed prior to, and within the
first 24 hours after surfactant administration. To evaluate the surfactant
replacement therapy effects, we proposed a new grading system (1 to 6) for
L-US findings at each examined lung area, based on the presence of normal
finding, the amount of B-lines and subpleural consolidations. Results. All
preterm infants had an improvement of L-US findings from one to four grades
observed within the first 24 hours after surfactant administration, which has
not been previously reported. The improvement of L-US findings was most
commonly observed in anterior lung areas. Conclusion. L-US might enable an
early detection of the surfactant replacement therapy effects. Further
prospective studies are necessary to define the role of L-US in this field.
Scoring system development and validation for prediction choledocholithiasis before open cholecystectomy
Authors: Pejovic Tomislav , Stojadinovic Miroslav
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Accurate precholecystectomy detection of concurrent
asymptomatic common bile duct stones (CBDS) is key in the clinical
decision-making process. The standard preoperative methods used to diagnose
these patients are often not accurate enough. Objective. The aim of the study
was to develop a scoring model that would predict CBDS before open
cholecystectomy. Methods. We retrospectively collected preoperative
(demographic, biochemical, ultrasonographic) and intraoperative
(intraoperative cholangiography) data for 313 patients at the department of
General Surgery at Gornji Milanovac from 2004 to 2007. The patients were
divided into a derivation (213) and a validation set (100). Univariate and
multivariate regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors
of CBDS. These predictors were used to develop scoring model. Various
measures for the assessment of risk prediction models were determined, such
as predictive ability, accuracy, the area under the receiver operating
characteristic curve (AUC), calibration and clinical utility using decision
curve analysis. Results. In a univariate analysis, seven risk factors
displayed significant correlation with CBDS. Total bilirubin, alkaline
phosphatase and bile duct dilation were identified as independent predictors
of choledocholithiasis. The resultant total possible score in the derivation
set ranged from 7.6 to 27.9. Scoring model shows good discriminatory ability
in the derivation and validation set (AUC 94.3 and 89.9%, respectively),
excellent accuracy (95.5%), satisfactory calibration in the derivation set,
similar Brier scores and clinical utility in decision curve analysis.
Conclusion. Developed scoring model might successfully estimate the presence
of choledocholithiasis in patients planned for elective open cholecystectomy.
Assessment of the reliability of the Serbian version of the sickness impact profile questionnaire in patients with chronic viral hepatitis
Authors: Majstorovic Biljana , Jankovic Slobodan , Dimoski Zvonko , Kekus Divna , Kocic Sanja , Mijailovic Zeljko
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Health-related quality of life (HRQL) of chronic patients has
been researched as the ultimate goal of modern treatment of chronic diseases
to improve patients? quality of life. Objective. The objective was to assess
the reliability of the Serbian version of the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP)
questionnaire on the sample of patients with chronic viral hepatitis.
Methods. The research covered 102 patients with chronic hepatitis (47 type B
and 55 type C). The assessment of the reliability of the SIP questionnaire
was performed by testing the internal consistency of the questions by
calculating the Cronbach?s alpha coefficient. The factor analysis was used
to assess whether the grouping of the questions within dimensions matches
the distribution of the questions in the original English version of the
questionnaire administered to U.S. patient population. Results. The
Cronbach?s alpha coefficient for the entire questionnaire is 0.925, 0.869
for the physical dimension, and 0.857 for the psychosocial dimension. After
running a factor analysis of the psychosocial dimension, ?emotional
instability? was extracted as the key factor, confirming the results of
previous research. Compared with the English version of the questionnaire,
the Cronbach?s alpha coefficient of the Serbian version does not diverge
significantly, whereas the factor analysis confirms the classification of
the questionnaire into two dimensions. Conclusion. Our study has shown that
the Serbian version of the SIP questionnaire is a reliable tool for
assessing the HRQL of patients with chronic hepatitis B and C before
starting treatment.
Analysis of macronutrients intake and body mass index in preschool children in the western region of the Republic of Srpska
Authors: Djermanovic Mirjana , Miletic Ivanka , Pavlovic Zoran
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Childhood obesity is currently considered to be one of the most
prevailing and challenging public health issues in industrialized countries
and some developing countries, including the Republic of Srpska. Objective.
Our objective was to determine macronutrients intake in collective diet of
preschool children and to estimate the rate of obesity in this population.
Methods. Samples of food intended for preschool children diet were collected
in a preschool facility in the western region of the Republic of Srpska. In
daily portions, the content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, water and
mineral matter were determined using standard methods. The body mass index
was determined on the basis of anthropometric measurements. Results. An
average daily meal contained 17.5 g of fats, 19.1 g of proteins and 101.5 g
of carbohydrates. The energy value was 676 Kcal. The analysis of the data
from the menu showed that the number of consumed servings of fruits,
vegetables, legumes, milk and dairy products was less than one portion per
day. However, the amount of consumed meat and meat products exceeded one
portion per day. Out of the total number of children, 10.0% were
undernourished, 16.7% were overweight and 13.3% were obese. Conclusion. Daily
portions in the preschool facility are not in accordance with the recommended
dietary allowance for energy and carbohydrates intake, and the composition of
meals is inadequate. Parents and caregivers should be encouraged to expose
young children to a wide variety of fruit and vegetables, whole grains,
low-fat dairy products, and to balance food intake with the requirements.
Parental factors associated with intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Hăşmăşanu Monica , Bolboacă Sorana , Drugan Tudor , Matyas Melinda , Zaharie Gabriela
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Linear growth failure is caused by multiple factors including
parental factors. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate parental
risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on a population of
Romanian newborn infants in a tertiary level maternity facility for a period
of 2.5 years. Methods. A retrospective matched case-control study was
conducted in the Emergency County Hospital of Cluj-Napoca, a university
hospital in North-Western Romania. The sample was selected from 4,790 infants
admitted to the Neonatal Ward at 1st Gynecology Clinic between January 2012
and June 2014. Results. The age of mothers was significantly lower in the
IUGR group compared to controls (p=0.041). A significantly higher percentage
of mothers had hypertension in the IUGR group compared to those in the
control group (p<0.05). No other significant differences were identified with
regard to the investigated characteristics of mothers between IUGR infants
compared to controls (p>0.13). The age of fathers of infants with IUGR proved
significantly lower compared to controls (p=0.0278). The analysis of infants?
comorbidities revealed no significant difference between groups for
respiratory distress, hyperbilirubinemia, hypocalcaemia, and heart failure
(p>0.27). Intracranial hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis and hypoglycemia
were significantly higher in the IUGR group compared to controls. The
logistic regression identified hypertension as a significant risk factor for
IUGR (OR=2.4, 95% CI [1.3-4.5]). Conclusion. Although the age of the mothers
and fathers proved significantly lower in the IUGR group compared to
controls, only hypertension in the mothers proved significant risk factors
for IUGR.
JAK2V617F mutation in a patient with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and prefibrotic primary myelofibrosis
Authors: Ristic Slobodan , Radojkovic Milica , Kostic Tatjana , Spasovski Vesna , Pavlovic Sonja , Cemerikic-Martinovic Vesna
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Secondary malignancies, particularly solid tumors, are common
in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but association of
myeloproliferative neoplasms and chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the same
patient is very rare. Case Outline. We report of a 67-year-old man with
B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia (B-CLL) who developed primary myelofibrosis
(PMF) nine years after initial diagnosis. Patient received alkylation agents
and purine analogue, which can be a predisposing factor for the development
of myeloproliferative neoplasms. JAK2V617F mutation was not present initially
at the time of CLL diagnosis, but was found after nine years when PMF
occurred, which indicates that B-CLL and PMF represent two separate clonal
origin neoplasms. Conclusion. Pathogenic mechanisms for the development of
myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative neoplasms in the same patient are
unknown. Further research is needed to determine whether these malignancies
originate from two different cell clones or arise from the same pluripotent
hematopoietic stem cell.
Extreme hypertriglyceridemia in an infant with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and hydroxycobalamin deficiency
Authors: Dokmanovic Lidija , Krstovski Nada , Lazic Jelena , Rodic Predrag , Milosevic Goran , Jankovic Srdja , Janic Dragana
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe
hyperinflammatory condition characterized by fever, cytopenias,
hepatosplenomegaly and hemophagocytosis. HLH may be primary or secondary to
infection, autoimmune disease or malignancy. Hypertriglyceridemia is a common
abnormality in HLH and one of the HLH-2004 diagnostic criteria. Case Outline.
We present an infant with severe hypotonia and hypoproteinemic edema who also
had extreme hypertriglyceridemia (21 mmol/l) and was diagnosed with HLH based
on six of eight HLH- 2004 criteria (fever, hepatosplenomegaly, bicytopenia,
hypertriglyceridemia with hypofibrinogenemia, sIL-2R > 2400 IU/ml,
hemophagocytosis). The presence of IgM antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus and
cytomegalovirus indicated a probable infectious trigger. The child was cured
by the HLH-2004 protocol for secondary HLH (consisting of dexamethasone and
cyclosporine). He was also found to have low serum hydroxycobalamin levels,
promptly corrected upon hydroxycobalamin administration. Conclusion. The
presented case history underlines the need to ascertain the presence or
absence of each of the eight HLH-2004 criteria in any patient suspected to
suffer from HLH.
Collaboration between physician Emerich Lindenmayer and architect Jan Nevole in restoring the Sokobanja Turkish bath
Authors: Mitrovic Gordana , Neskovic Marina
Published: January 2016

The Sokobanja Turkish bath is an exceptional example of twosection baths and
quite particular in its style, structure type and technology used. It is one
of the two of the same type that remained in Serbia and the only one that has
retained its original function. About its construction we learn from the
Vidin sanjak defter from the second half of the 16th century. In the lavish
built heritage inventory, Turkish baths are quite unique secular public
structures, playing a prominent role in the development of health culture.
Based upon their specific function, these baths possess a special
architectural expression, are often monumental, decorative and imaginative in
their forms and ornamentation. Prince Milos initiated repair works of the
Soko Banja baths and spa springs immediately after the settlement became a
part of the Serbian Principality in 1834. When work on restoring the men?s
baths started, a separate room with a tub was built for Prince Milos, while
the women?s bath remained in ruins. In 1847, the Ministry of Interior sent Dr
Emerich Lindenmayer and architect Jan Nevole, as an expert team, to assess
the state of the hammam so that it could be included in the undertakings
funded from the state budget. After the assessment and review of the existing
issues and upon a detailed report submitted to the Ministry of Interior,
complex repairs were conducted in 1850, according to Nevole?s architectural
design and his constant supervision. The approach implemented in the
architectural renovation process was based on highly regarded principles of
the time, thus preserving both the hammam?s original function and its
valuable architecture.
Perioperative morbidity and long-term outcome of unilateral nephrectomy in feline kidney donors: 141 cases (1998–2013)
Authors: Wormser Chloe , Aronson Lilian R.
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcome associated with unilateral nephrectomy in feline kidney donors.

DESIGN Retrospective case series.

ANIMALS 141 cats.

PROCEDURES Medical records of cats that underwent nephrectomy for renal donation were reviewed for information on signalment, date of renal donation, results of blood and urine analyses, infectious disease history, anesthetic protocols, intra- and postoperative complications, and postoperative analgesic protocols. Long-term follow-up data were obtained via client telephone interview and review of referring veterinarian medical records.

RESULTS All donors were healthy young adult cats with a median age of 1.5 years (range, 0.8 to 2 years). No cats died or were euthanized during the perioperative period. Intraoperative complications occurred in 2 cats, and postoperative complications occurred in 17. Median time from nephrectomy to hospital discharge was 3.6 days (range, 2 to 8 days). Long-term follow-up information was available for 99 cats, with a median interval between nephrectomy and follow-up of 10 years (range, 0.25 to 15 years). Six cats had a history of urinary tract disease including stable chronic kidney disease (n = 3), acute kidney injury (2), and cystitis (1). Nine cats were dead at follow-up; death was attributed to chronic renal failure in 2 and acute ureteral obstruction in 4.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Feline donor nephrectomy had an acceptably low perioperative morbidity in this series. Most cats (84%) for which follow-up information was available had no associated long-term effects. However, a small subset (7%) developed renal insufficiency or died of urinary tract disease.
Amoebic meningoencephalitis and disseminated infection caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris in a Western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)
Authors: Gjeltema Jenessa L. , Troan Brigid , Muehlenbachs Atis , Liu Lindy , Da Silva Alexandre J. , Qvarnstrom Yvonne , Tobias Jeremy R. , Loomis Michael R. , De Voe Ryan S.
Published: January 2016

CASE DESCRIPTION A 22-year-old male gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) housed in a zoo was evaluated for signs of lethargy, head-holding, and cervical stiffness followed by development of neurologic abnormalities including signs of depression, lip droop, and tremors.

CLINICAL FINDINGS Physical examination under general anesthesia revealed a tooth root abscess and suboptimal body condition. A CBC and serum biochemical analysis revealed mild anemia, neutrophilia and eosinopenia consistent with a stress leukogram, and signs consistent with dehydration. Subsequent CSF analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis and markedly increased total protein concentration.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Despite treatment with antimicrobials, steroids, and additional supportive care measures, the gorilla's condition progressed to an obtunded mentation with grand mal seizures over the course of 10 days. Therefore, the animal was euthanized and necropsy was performed. Multifocal areas of malacia and hemorrhage were scattered throughout the brain; on histologic examination, these areas consisted of necrosis and hemorrhage associated with mixed inflammation, vascular necrosis, and intralesional amoebic trophozoites. Tan foci were also present in the kidneys and pancreas. Immunohistochemical testing positively labeled free-living amoebae within the brain, kidneys, eyes, pancreas, heart, and pulmonary capillaries. Subsequent PCR assay of CSF and frozen kidney samples identified the organism as Balamuthia mandrillaris, confirming a diagnosis of amoebic meningoencephalitis.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE Infection with B mandrillaris has been reported to account for 2.8% of captive gorilla deaths in North America over the past 19 years. Clinicians working with gorillas should have a high index of suspicion for this diagnosis when evaluating and treating animals with signs of centrally localized neurologic disease.
Medio-lateral entry pin versus lateral entry pin for displaced pediatric supracondylar fractures: A comparative, prospective study
Authors: Kandel Manoj , Gupta Hemant Kumar , Hamal Rajkumar Ravi , Mishra Amit Ranjan , Shrestha Rahul , Ranjan Abhisek , Shrestha Robin
Published: January 2016

Background & Objectives: Supracondylar fracture is one of the commonest fractures in children. Although the technique of pinning is controversial, percutaneous medio-lateral entry pinning is theoretically considered more stable biomechanical construct. The drawback of this method is injury to ulnar nerve which is not encountered in only lateral entry pinning.Materials & Methods: This was a prospective, comparative and observational study done in 60 patients which was alternately divided into two groups. The first group (A) underwent medio-lateral entry pinning and the second group (B) underwent lateral entry pinning. They were followed for 24 weeks and the outcome was assessed using Flynn’s criteria.Results: At twenty-four weeks, the mean loss of range of motion of elbow in medio-lateral pinning group was 3.70 degrees (SD±1.93) and that in lateral pinning group was 4.23 degrees (SD ±1.38). The mean loss in carrying angle at twenty-four weeks in medio-lateral group was 2.93 degrees (SD±2.19) and that in lateral group was 4.17 (SD±2.24). There were 2 (6.67%) cases of iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury in medio-lateral pinning group. Out of thirty patients, in medio-lateral pinning group, 25 had excellent results, 5 had good results and none had fair or poor results. While out of 30 patients in lateral pinning group, 23 had excellent results, 7 had good results and none had fair or poor results.Conclusion: There is no significant difference in outcome in terms of loss of carrying angle and range of motion between the medio-lateral pinning group and the lateral pinning group at the end of 6 months.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, Vol.11(4) 2015: 28-31
Long-term survival rates of gravity-assisted, adjustable differential pressure valves in infants with hydrocephalus
Authors: Gebert Anna-Felicitas , Schulz Matthias , Schwarz Karin , Thomale Ulrich-Wilhelm
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE

The use of adjustable differential pressure valves with gravity-assisted units in shunt therapy of children with hydrocephalus was reported to be feasible and promising as a way to avoid chronic overdrainage. In this single-center study, the authors' experiences in infants, who have higher rates of shunt complications, are presented.

METHODS

All data were collected from a cohort of infants (93 patients [37 girls and 56 boys], less than 1 year of age [mean age 4.1 ± 3.1 months]) who received their first adjustable pressure hydrocephalus shunt as either a primary or secondary implant between May 2007 and April 2012. Rates of valve and shunt failure were recorded for a total of 85 months until the end of the observation period in May 2014.

RESULTS

During a follow-up of 54.2 ± 15.9 months (range 26–85 months), the Kaplan-Meier rate of shunt survival was 69.2% at 1 year and 34.1% at 85 months; the Kaplan-Meier rate of valve survival was 77.8% at 1 year and 56% at 85 months. Survival rates of the shunt were significantly inferior if the patients had previous shunt surgery. During follow-up, 44 valves were exchanged in cases of infection (n = 19), occlusion (n = 14), dysfunction of the adjustment unit (n = 10), or to change the gravitational unit (n = 1).

CONCLUSIONS

Although a higher shunt complication rate is observed in infant populations compared with older children, reasonable survival rates demonstrate the feasibility of using this sophisticated valve technology. The gravitational unit of this valve is well tolerated and its adjustability offers the flexible application of opening pressure in an unpredictable cohort of patients. This may adequately address overdrainage-related complications from early in treatment.
Ophthalmological outcomes of patients treated for pineal region tumors
Authors: Hankinson Elizabeth V. , Lyons Christopher J. , Hukin Juliette , Cochrane David D.
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE

The ophthalmological outcomes of children treated for pineal tumors have received limited attention in the literature.

METHODS

This paper reviews the outcomes of 29 children treated for pineal and posterior third ventricular tumors in the contemporary era using chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and resection as defined by the histology and/or marker profile of the tumor.

RESULTS

At the time of diagnosis, all patients except 1 had hydrocephalus and all had ophthalmological involvement. Papilledema was found in 69% of patients. Seventy-five percent of patients had partial or complete Parinaud's syndrome, and diplopia or blurred vision was noted in the remaining patients. Visual acuity was impaired in 8 patients. Outcomes were dependent on the histology of the tumor and the treatment required. Those patients who did not requiring resection showed a lower rate of ophthalmological worsening during treatment and greater long-term improvement, in particular with respect to up-gaze palsy. Patients who underwent resection for postchemotherapy residual disease or primary resection showed greater worsening during treatment and lesser degrees of recovery. All patients with impaired visual acuity improved with treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

As the mortality of germ cell and other pineal tumors decreases, posttreatment morbidity remains, specifically that related to convergence nystagmus, accommodation, and diplopia. In addition to survival, ophthalmological morbidity should be reported in studies concerning the outcomes of treatment for pineal neoplasms.
New York City at the dawn of neurological surgery
Authors: Solomon Robert A.
Published: January 2016

Although there are many cities that can claim to have been the incubator of modern neurological surgery, the rise of this surgical subspecialty in New York City in the late 19th and early 20th century mirrors what was occurring around the world. The first confirmed brain tumor operation in the US was performed there in 1887. The author describes the role of several pioneers in the development of neurological surgery. Charles Elsberg was the first dedicated neurological surgeon in New York City and was instrumental in the development of the Neurological Institute and the careers of several other notable neurosurgeons.