bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
YARATICI DÜŞÜNMEYİ KONU ALAN ULUSAL ÇALIŞMALARA YÖNELİK BETİMSEL İÇERİK ANALİZİ
Authors: ALKAN Şenem , CENGİZ Canan
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmada 2000-2020 yılları arasında ULAKBİM’ de ulusal dergilerde yaratıcı düşünme ile ilgili yayınlanmış araştırmaların amaç, araştırma grubu, araştırma modeli, veri toplama araçları, veri analiz yöntemleri ve sonuçları bakımından sınıflandırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 38 çalışma incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, farklı yöntem ve tekniklerin yaratıcı düşünme üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymayı amaçlayan çalışmaların çoğunlukta olduğunu, sıklıkla araştırmalarda deneysel yöntemin kullanıldığını ve çalışmaların çoğunun öğretmen adaylarıyla gerçekleştirildiği, öğretmenlerle gerçekleştirilen çalışmaların az olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçlar probleme dayalı öğrenme yaklaşımı, yaratıcı düşünme etkinlikleri, portföy geliştirme, yaratıcı düşünme temelli fen laboratuvarı uygulamaları gibi yöntem ve tekniklerin yaratıcı düşünme becerilerinin gelişiminde etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Aynı zamanda incelenen çalışmaların sonuçlarına bakıldığında yaratıcı düşünmenin bireyler tarafından yeterince iyi anlaşılmadığı ortaya koyulmuş ve öğretmenlerin yaratıcılığı geliştirmede hangi yöntemlerin kullanılabileceği konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıkları belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlardan yola çıkarak ve yaratıcı düşünmenin önemi gittikçe arttığı göz önünde bulundurularak bu alanda daha fazla çalışma yapılması önerilebilir.
ELEKTRİĞİN İLETİMİ ÜNİTESİNİN ÖĞRETİMİNDE İŞBİRLİKLİ DENEY YÖNTEMİ VE ANİMASYON TEKNİĞİNİN ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: AĞGÜL Özlem , YILDIZ Emre , YÜRÜSOY Şeyma , ŞİMŞEK Ümit
Published: May 2022

Bu araştırma “Elektriğin İletimi” ünitesinin öğretiminde kullanılan animasyon tekniği, işbirlikli deney yöntemi ve programa dayalı öğretimin ortaokul 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin akademik başarıları, fen bilimleri dersine yönelik tutumları ve okula ilişkin tutumları üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada nicel araştırma modelleri içerisinde yer alan deneysel araştırma desenlerinden öntest-sontest kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılında Ağrı ilinde öğrenim gören 85 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilerden 29’u animasyon tekniğinin uygulandığı Deney Grubu-1’e; 30’u işbirlikli deney yönteminin uygulandığı Deney Grubu-2’ye ve 26’sı programa dayalı öğretimin uygulandığı kontrol grubuna seçilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak; Akademik Başarı Testi, Fen Bilimleri Dersi Tutum Ölçeği ve Okula İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tek yönlü ANOVA kullanılmıştır. Uygulama sonunda öğrencilerin akademik başarılarının ve fen bilimleri dersine yönelik tutum düzeylerinin olumlu yönde değişiminde animasyon tekniği ve işbirlikli deney yönteminin programa dayalı öğretime göre daha etkili olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Öğrencilerin okula ilişkin tutumlarında meydana gelen gelişimde ise uygulanan öğretim yöntemlerinin benzer etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle genel olarak akademik başarı ve fen bilimleri dersine yönelik tutumun olumlu yönde değişmesi için söz konusu yöntemlerin farklı konularda uygulanması önerilmektedir.
Contribution to the knowledge of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from Turkey
Authors: Kaplan Emin , Haris Attila
Published: May 2022

This study is based on the Symphyta (Hymenoptera) material collected from Bingol and Diyarbakır provinces of Turkey in 2019.The present paper is the second part of the series of papers investigating the sawfly fauna of the Anatolian biogeographic region. The so far recorded 38 species is extended to 58 species. Arge auripennis Konow, 1891, Arge pallidinervis Gussakovskij, 1935, Dolerus hispanicus Mocsáry, 1881 and Athalia dimidiata Konow, 1891 are new to the Turkish fauna. Sawfly biodiversity, flying activity and population densities are discussed. Moreover, dominant species, rare and interesting species are also listed. Collection localities, local names and geographical features of those localities, with threatening factors for the species are provided.
Nohoveus zigan (H. Aspöck et al., 1980) - a new record for the Greek antlion fauna (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)
Authors: Ábrahám Levente
Published: May 2022

Author reports the first occurrence of Nohoveus zigan (H. Aspöck et al., 1980) in Greece. Distribution, habitat, and major morphological features of the species are given.
Contribution to the Rogadinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) fauna of Turkey
Authors: Beyarslan Ahmet , Çakici Mikail
Published: May 2022

This study was carried out to determine Rogadinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) fauna of Turkey. Adult specimens were collected from different habitats of the Eastern Anatolia Region and a few localities from other parts of Turkey, using sweeping nets and Malaise traps. The obtained material was prepared and appropriately labeled. A total of 20 species of genus Aleiodes Wesmael, 1838 were recorded. The following species are new record for fauna of Turkey: Aleiodes (Aleiodes) arnoldii (Tobias,1976), A. (A.) modestus (Reinhard, 1863) and Aleiodes (Neorhogas) fortipes (Reinhard, 1863).
Predicting major events in ambulatory patients with advanced heart failure awaiting heart transplantation: a pilot study
Authors: Palmieri Vittorio , Amarelli Cristiano , Mattucci Irene , Bigazzi Maurizio Cappelli , Cacciatore Francesco , Maiello Ciro , Golino Paolo
Published: May 2022

Aims

In heart failure (HF), prognostic risk scores focus on all-cause mortality prediction. However, in advanced HF (AdHF) ambulatory patients awaiting heart transplantation (HTx), hospitalizations for acutely decompensated/worsening HF are relevant to clinical decision-making, but unpredicted by common risk functions.

Methods

Among consecutive ambulatory patients added to the waitlist for HTx, event discriminators within 2 years from recruitment were assessed prospectively by area under the curve from receiver-operating characteristic curves, and by Cox proportional hazards models. Primary composite end points included the first between all-cause mortality and acutely decompensated/worsening HF requiring hospitalization and specific treatments.

Results

In 89 patients, 36 primary composite events were recorded in a 2-year follow-up (40% of the study sample), and associated with nonischemic etiology and nonsinus rhythm, with lower systolic blood pressure (BP), lower plasma sodium and hemoglobin concentrations, and with higher N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), larger left ventricular (LV) dimensions and lower LV ejection fraction, greater proportion of significant mitral regurgitation, lower tricuspid annulus peak systolic excursion (TAPSE), lower percentage of predicted distance at 6-minute walking test (%p6MWT) and lower global symptoms burden by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, lower peak oxygen uptake by cardiopulmonary exercise, and higher wedge pressure by right heart catheterization, as compared with those with no events (P < 0.05). Only Metabolic Exercise Cardiac Kidney Index (MECKI) at recruitment was higher with patients reporting events, which predicted composite end points in addition to and independently of NT-proBNP, and lower systolic BP (all P < 0.05). In an alternative risk model, severe mitral regurgitation and lower TAPSE replaced MECKI and BP but not NT-proBNP (all P < 0.01).

Conclusion

Higher NT-pro-BNP, lower systolic BP and higher MECKI may contribute to predicting all-cause death and acutely decompensated/worsening HF among ambulatory patients awaiting HTx, with lower TAPSE and severe mitral regurgitation representing further alternative independent prognosticators.
Evaluation of robotic-assisted mitral surgery in a contemporary experience
Authors: Agnino Alfonso , Graniero Ascanio , Villari Nicola , Roscitano Claudio , Gerometta Piersilvio , Albano Giovanni , Anselmi Amedeo
Published: May 2022

Aims

To evaluate the safety/effectiveness of a recently established robotic-assisted mitral surgery program.

Methods

Cohort study with prospective collection of clinical data of 59 consecutive recipients (May 2019–August 2021) of robotic-assisted (fourth-generation platform, DaVinci X) mitral valve repair for degenerative disease, using a totally endoscopic technique. Patients’ selection was based on defined anatomical and clinical criteria. We established a dedicated multidisciplinary protocol to facilitate postoperative fast-tracking, and a systematic in-house clinical and echocardiographic follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 postoperative months.

Results

All patients (89.8% men, average age 58 ± 12 years) received mitral valve repair; there was no operative mortality, one conversion to sternotomy (1.7%) and one stroke (1.7%). Extubation within the operative theater occurred in 28.8%; average mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay was 2.8 ± 4.1 and 32.5 ± 15.8 h (after exclusion of one outlier, learning-curve period, suffering from perioperative stroke); average postoperative hospital stay was 6.8 ± 3.4 days and 96.6% of patients were discharged home. One patient was transfused (1.7%); there were no other complications. Follow-up revealed stability of the results of mitral repair, with one (1.7%) persistent (>2+/4+) mitral regurgitation, and stability of coaptation height over time. We observed optimal functional results (class I was 98% at 3 months and 96% at 12 months). Quarterly case load consistently increased during the experience.

Conclusion

This initial experience suggests the reliability and clinical safety of a recently established local robotic-assisted mitral surgery. This strategy can facilitate faster postoperative recovery, and its positioning in the therapeutic armamentarium needs to be defined.
Reading and Mapping the Worldviews of Island States through National Anthems: Celebrating Deity, Identity, Landscapes and Unity
Authors: Brunn Stanley D.
Published: May 2022

National anthems, along with the national flag, stamps and monuments, are important features of a state’s identity. The lyrics and music instill patriotism and nationalism on holidays, at sporting events, and in children at school. This study examines the lyrics of 42 Caribbean, Pacific, African, Asian and European island state anthems to identify patterns and themes. While word frequencies differ between the regions, dominant themes reflect unity, hope, a spiritual/divine heritage, home and homeland, and pleasant environmental settings. Themes reflecting times of strife, struggles and conflict are also evident.
Prevalensi Infeksi Trichuris spp. pada Sapi Bali di Kelompok Ternak Dukuh Sari Desa Pempatan, Kecamatan Rendang, Kabupaten Karangasem, Bali
Authors: Sihombing Rio Fadly , Oka Ida Bagus Made , Arjana Anak Agung Gde
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi infeksi cacing Trichuris spp. pada sapi bali dan hubungan jenis kelamin, umur, dan jumlah sapi dalam kandang terhadap infeksinya di kelompok ternak Dukuh Sari, desa Pempatan, kecamatan Rendang, kabupaten Karangasem, Bali. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 102 feses sapi bali yang dikelompokkan berdasarkan jenis kelamin, umur dan jumlah sapi dalam kandang. Sampel diperiksa menggunakan metode konsentrasi apung dan identifikasi telur cacing berdasarkan morfologi, sedangkan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara jenis kelamin, umur dan jumlah sapi dalam kandang terhadap prevalensi infeksi Trichuris spp. dianalisis dengan Chi square test. Hasil penelitian diketahui sebanyak 6 sampel (5,9%) positif terinfeksi cacing Trichuris spp. sedangkan jenis kelamin, umur dan jumlah sapi dalam kandang tidak berpengaruh nyata (P.0,05) yang artinya tidak ada hubungan terhadap prevalensi infeksi Trichuris spp. pada sapi bali di kelompok ternak Dukuh Sari.
Gambaran Histopatologi Hati Tikus Putih yang Diberikan Ragi Tape
Authors: Hidayah Ainul - , Suastika Putu , Budiasa Ketut , Samsuri Samsuri , Berata I Ketut , Sudimartini Luh Made
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran histopatologi hati tikus putih akibat pemberian ragi tape pada beberapa dosis yang berbeda. Sebanyak 24 ekor tikus putih dibagi secara acak menjadi 4 kelompok perlakuan yaitu P0: kontrol; P1: pemberian ragi tape 100 mg/kg BB; P2: pemberian ragi tape 200 mg/kg BB; dan P3: pemberian ragi tape 300 mg/kg BB. Perlakuan dosis dilakukan selama 21 hari. Pada hari ke-22 seluruh hewan coba dikurbankan dan dilakukan prosedur nekropsi. Organ hati diambil untuk pembuatan preparat histologi dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin Eosin. Variabel yang diamati meliputi degenerasi melemak dan nekrosis. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian ragi tape pada dosis 100 mg/kg BB (P1), dosis 200 (P2), dan 300 mg/kg BB (P3) tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (P0). Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ragi tape sampai dosis 300 mg/kg BB tidak menimbulkan perubahan histopatologi pada hati tikus putih.
Kombinasi Tepung Daun Kelor dan Probiotik dalam Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Nila
Authors: Sumarjan Nanang Satria , Hilyana Siti , Azhar Fariq
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensuplementasi tepung daun kelor dan probiotik ke dalam pakan. Daun kelor adalah tanaman yang mengandung protein cukup tinggi untuk pertumbuhan serta mengandung flavonoid, saponin, dan vitamin A, B, C, dan E yang dapat memicu ketahanan tubuh, dan probiotik dapat meningkatkan daya cerna pakan pada usus ikan, sehingga penyerapan nutrisi yang ada pada pakan dapat terserap sempurna. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, sehingga diperoleh 12 unit percobaan. pada perlakuan A (tepung daun kelor 4% + probiotik 6 ml/kg pakan), B( tepung daun kelor 6% + probiotik 6 ml/kg pakan), C (tepung daun kelor 8% + probiotik 6 ml/kg pakan), D (kontrol positif) dan E (kontrol negatif). Parameter yang diukur berupa pertumbuhan berat mutlak, pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, pertumbuhan berat spesifik, pertumbuhan panjang spesifik, kelangsungan hidup, kualitas air, dan konversi pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan tepung daun kelor yang dikombinasikan dengan probiotik pada pakan, memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap berat mutlak sebesar 4,673 gr, Panjang mutlak 2,607 cm, berat spesifik 2,25% panjang spesifik 1,07%, konversi pakan 1,84%, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup benih ikan nila, dengan dosis optimum dalam memberikan pertumbuhan terbaik pada benih ikan nila adalah perlakuan B dengan dosis daun kelor 6% dan probiotik 6 ml/kg pakan.
Deteksi Bakteri Berpotensi Patogen Pada Penyakit Saluran Pernapasan Komplek Babi
Authors: Suarjana I Gusti Ketut , Besung I Nengah Kerta , Pasek Gelgel Ketut Tono , Sudipa Putu Henrywaesa
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi agen infeksius bakterial pada babi penderita penyakit saluran pernapasan komplek yang dikenal sebagai porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) di beberapa ternak babi di Bali. Sampel penelitian berasal dari Tabanan, Badung dan Gianyar dengan jumlah total 48 Sampel diisolasi dan diidentifikasi dengan metode: isolasi, uji primer dan uji sifat biokimiawi dan uji gula-gula. Uji sensitifitas terhadap antibiotika menggunakan metode difusi cakram menurut metode Kirby-Bauer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa agen bacterial yang diisolasi dari babi penderita antara lain Streptococcus spp., alfa hemolitik non-koagulase (41,6%), Staphylococcus spp. beta hemolitik non-koagulase (41,6%), dan Escherichia coli. Isolat Staphylococcus spp. beta hemolitik non-koagulase dan E. coli peka terhadap streptomisin, kanamisin, doksisiklin, klindamisin dan bacitrasin. Isolat Streptococcus spp. alfa hemolitik non-koagulase peka terhadap streptomisin, kanamisin, klindamisin dan bacitrasin, tetapi resisten terhadap doksisiklin.
Gambaran Darah pada Babi yang Diinfeksi Streptococcus suis Secara Intranasal dan Intravena
Authors: Wiliantari Putri , Besung I Nengah Kerta , Mahardika Gusti Ngurah Kade
Published: May 2022

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mendeteksi perbedaan profil darah babi yang diinfeksi dengan isolat Streptococcus suis dari Bali dengan rute infeksi intravena dan intranasal. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental, dengan melakukan uji biologis isolat S. suis dengan kode isolat PPB5 yang ditemukan di Denpasar terhadap enam ekor babi. Inokulasi secara intra vena maupun secara intra nasal dilakukan pada masing-masing tiga ekor babi. Babi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berumur 8 minggu. Pada infeksi intranasal sebelum inokulasi terlebih dahulu diberikan asam asetat 1% pada cavum nasal, kemudian disemprotkan cairan inokulum S. suis (2 x 106). Pada infeksi secara intravena, cairan inokulum disuntikan pada vena auricularis. Perubahan pada babi diamati sampai hari ke 15. Pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan saat sebelum diinokulasikan bakteri, hari ke 3 pasca inokulasi, dan sebelum dieuthanasia. Pada hari ke-tiga pasca inokulasi, jumlah eusinofil berbeda nyata pada kedua perlakuan, sementara profil darah yang lain tidak berbeda nyata. Semua indikator darah pada kedua perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata sebelum hewan coba dieuthanasia pada hari ke-15. Pada hari ke 15 terjadi peningkatan jumlah eritrosit dan monositosis pada infeksi intranasal. Terjadi hipohaemoglobinemia dan penurunan PCV pada infeksi intranasal dan intravena. Penelitian lanjut diperlukan dengan jumlah ulangan yang lebih banyak. Vaksin S. suis perlu segera dikembangkan untuk mengurangi ancaman Kesehatan masyarakat dan kerugian ekonomi peternak.
RELATION OF POWER-KNOWLEDGE IN BALI MANDARA DISCOURSE
Authors: Al Jundi Fauzan , Ardhana I Ketut , Suarka I Nyoman
Published: May 2022

Bali has great potentials in its beautiful nature and unique culture, which the government uses as an opportunity to implement regional development using the concept of Bali Mandara. This study aims to find out why the development of Bali province applying the concepts of Bali Mandara becomes a polemic for some Balinese, the existence of a power-knowledge relation in the concept of Bali Mandara discourse, and the implications of the development process implementing the Bali Mandara program. The data were analyzed using power-knowledge relation theory and generative structure. The results showed pros and cons in the planning and implementation of the development of the Bali Province. The rules and policies arranged in Regional Regulations (Perda) to support Bali's development are power-knowledge relations that the government applies to achieve the goals. Bali Mandara program has been implemented in less than a decade. Various benefits are the fundamental basis for the readiness of the Balinese to face a better future.

Keywords: Bali Mandara, Discourse, Relation, Power-Knowledge.
THE RESISTANCE OF THE PEGAYAMAN ISLAMIC COMMUNITY AGAINST STIGMA AND IDENTITY RETENTION STRATEGIES IN BULELENG REGENCY
Authors: Anom Kumbara A.A. Ngurah , Kartika Dewi A A Sagung
Published: May 2022

The issue of disharmony and conflict based on differences in culture, religion, history, and ethnicity still often arises in Indonesia, including in Bali. One of the related phenomena is the stigmatization of the Islamic community in Pegayaman Village which causes various forms of violence, both physical and symbolic. The aims of this study are 1) to understand the reasons underlying the emergence of stigmatization; 2) describe the forms of stigma, and 3) examine strategies for resistance to stigma and maintaining the identity of the Pegayaman Islamic Community in Buleleng Regency. Data was collected using in-depth interviews, observation, document studies, and focus group discussions. Data analysis used a critical interpretation approach with the stages of reduction, presentation, drawing conclusions and verification. This study finds that the reasons underlying the stigmatization of the Pegayaman Islamic Community include, (a) historical experience factors, (b) religious ideology, and ethnicity, (c) construction of reality for various interests, and (d), self-reflexivity, 'we'. and 'them'. Forms of stigma include, (a) labeling, (b) stereotypes, (c) separation; and (d) discrimination. The resistance and identity defense strategies that have been carried out include (a) direct and open strategies through demonstrations, dialogue with the bureaucracy, politicians, media, and regulation of interfaith marriage restrictions, as well as (b) strategies to improve the quality of life of community members through hard work, status improvement economics, children's education, instilling Islamic values ??from an early age, and building cooperation in social, religious, and economic activities. This strategy is effective in minimizing the stigma of society towards the Pegayaman Islamic Community.

Keywords : Identity, Islamic community of Pegayaman, resistance, strategy, stigma
Relative contraindications to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (review of literature)
Authors: Zharikov Yu. O. , Gurtsiev M. Kh. , Antonyan S. Zh. , Askerova S. F. , Chairkina E. I. , Yartsev P. A.
Published: May 2022

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is the most common method for enteral nutrition in intensive care patients with dysphagia syndrome. The advantages of the method are the minimally invasive nature and duration of the operation, which also determines a small percentage of postoperative complications. There are many literary sources devoted to the most common complications, indications and contraindications to the procedure. The objective of the literature review was to analyze the data on the relative contraindications to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and the tactics used by specialists to minimize the risks of performing surgery in this group of patients. Correction of the general condition and concomitant somatic diseases in the patient as well as a thorough risk assessment have the greatest impact on the immediate results of the operation.
Current tendencies in diagnostics and treatment of peripheral benign lung tumors
Authors: Plaksin S. A. , Kotelnikova L. P.
Published: May 2022

The OBJECTIVE was to estimate clinical characteristics, diagnostic possibilities of computed tomography, minimally invasive methods of treatment of peripheral benign lung tumors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. Benign tumors were diagnosed in 311 (8.2 %) patients among 3789 people with bronchopulmonary neoplasms. A comparative assessment of the results of diagnostics and treatment of two groups of patients was carried out. The first group included 103 patients treated from 2003 to 2009, the second one – 128 patients treated from 2013–2020. 219 (94.8 %) patients were operated on. RESULTS. Benign lung tumors were more often detected at the age of 40-60 years – in 143 (61.9%) patients. The majority (184 patients, 79.6%) had no complaints. In 208 (90 %) patients, tumors were diagnosed during fluorography studies. In the second group, multispiral computed tomography revealed tumors less than 10 mm in size in 38 % of cases. The histological type of tumors was determined during intraoperative express histological test. In the second group, the number of thoracoscopies increased from 2.2 to 43 %, and – thoracotomies decreased from 94.5 to 52.3 %, the number of stapler resections of the lungs doubled, and the number of tumor enucleation decreased by half (p<0.01). Thoracotomy was performed in case of deep tumor localization or large size of the tumor, it was impossible to find it endoscopically. Ten patients underwent lobectomy.

CONCLUSION. Most peripheral benign lung tumors are asymptomatic. Computed tomography revealed tumors less than 1cm in size in 38 % of cases. To rule out malignancy, it is necessary to perform urgent surgery with an intraoperative express histological test. Thoracoscopy allows to remove surface peripheral tumors using the method of stapler resection.
Computed tomography diagnostics of mediastinal hernias after pneumonectomy
Authors: Vasyukov M. N.
Published: May 2022

The formation of mediastinal hernias after pneumonectomy may be associated with the development of complications from the remaining lung. The lack of information about the patterns of their development, morphometric characteristics, and dynamics in the postoperative period indicates the urgency of the problem.

The OBJECTIVE was to reveal the topographic and anatomical patterns of the formation of mediastinal hernias after pneumonectomy, to give anatomometric characteristics at various times after the operation.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. Computed tomography of the chest of 53 patients (50 men and 3 women) aged 39 to 75 years before and after pneumonectomy (26 on the left, 27 on the right) were examined. Computed tomography was performed on the 10–12th day, 6 and 12 months after surgery. The transverse size of anterior and posterior mediastinal hernias after left- and right-sided pneumonectomies, their dynamics, and density of lung tissue in the hernial protrusion area were studied. 3D was performed – modeling of the remaining lung. RESULTS. Hernial protrusions were visualized in patients with atelectasis of the lung part before surgery. 10 days after left pneumonectomy, anterior and posterior mediastinal hernias were visualized in 80.8 % of patients. One year after left surgery, anterior hernias were observed in 91.7 % of patients, they increased in size and the average size was (57.3±5.2) mm at the ThV–VI level. Posterior mediastinal hernias 12 months after left pneumonectomy were found in 80.5 % of patients, the average size was (34.9±5.2) mm at the ThVIII level. After right pneumonectomy in the early postoperative period, anterior mediastinal hernias occurred in 70.3 % of patients, a year later-in 88.2 %, the average size was (41.0±7.6) mm at the ThV level. The average transverse sizes of anterior mediastinal hernias 12 months after left and right pneumonectomies did not differ significantly (P=0.950). Posterior mediastinal hernias after right surgery were found in 20.0 % of patients, the largest size was determined at the ThIX level, with an average of (12.7±5.8) mm. After pneumonectomy, bullous changes occured in the lung tissue of mediastinal hernias.

CONCLUSION. Anterior mediastinal hernias are equally common after left and right pneumonectomy, while the size of the hernias did not differ significantly. Posterior mediastinal hernias after left pneumonectomy occurs in 88.2 % of patients, after right pneumonectomy – in 20 % of cases.
Method for prevention forming the residual cavity in liver echinococcosis
Authors: Aliev M. Zh. , Raimkulov K. M. , Niiazbekov K. I. , Musaev A. I. , Zhumashov T. M.
Published: May 2022

The OBJECTIVE was to evaluate the results of the developed measures for the prevention of the residual cavity in liver echinococcectomy.

METODS AND MATERIALS. The patients were operated on in the surgical departments of the City Clinical Hospital ¹ 1 in Bishkek in 2017–2018. The article presents the results of observation of 95 patients operated on for liver echinococcosis without complications of biliary fistulas. The developed measures for the prevention of complications were used in the work. There were 2 groups (control and main). In the control group (63 people), organ-preserving operations were performed using traditional methods to eliminate the cavity of the fibrous capsule. In the main group (32 people), the same elimination methods were performed, but supplemented with the use of a hemostatic collagen sponge to prevent the occurrence of a residual cavity, and they also affected the area of the surgical wound with infrared irradiation to prevent inflammatory complications.

RESULTS. In the control group, when performing capitonage and invagination, the residual cavity was detected in 5 patients, of which 3 developed suppuration. During pericystectomy, residual cavity and bile leakage occurred in 1 case, reactive pleurisy – in 4 cases. In the control group, the residual cavity required puncture, and in 3 patients, a second operation was performed – open drainage of the festering cavity. Thus, the occurrence of residual cavity was 9.5 %, other complications – 7.9 %. In the main group, with the use of preventive measures of capitonage and invagination, the residual cavity was detected in 2 (6.3 %) cases of small size, without the presence of exudative-inflammatory phenomena, and during pericystectomy, the occurrence of a cavity and wound complications were not detected.

CONCLUSION. The application of the developed measures to prevent the occurrence of a residual cavity and inflammatory complications with the use of a hemostatic collagen sponge during capitonage and invagination made it possible to reduce the number of complications by 1.5 times. There were no complications associated with pericystectomy.
Comparison of the effectiveness of planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies in patients with secondary diffuse peritonitis (review of literature)
Authors: Sigua B. V. , Zemlyanoy V. P. , Kotkov P. A. , Ignatenko V. A.
Published: May 2022

INTRODUCTION. The main component of the treatment of patients with secondary diffuse peritonitis is surgical intervention aimed at controlling the source of infection. In some cases, a single intervention is not enough for effective sanation of the abdominal cavity, which requires relaparotomy. There is currently no generally accepted approach to the timing and order for such interventions. The OBJECTIVE was to carry out a comparative analysis of the immediate results of patients with secondary diffuse peritonitis treatment using strategies of planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. The inclusion criteria for the review were randomized and cohort controlled trials comparing the efficacy of planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies in the treatment of secondary diffuse peritonitis. Primary sources comparing the results of these surgical strategies in adult patients were searched using the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Scopus and eLibrary databases. The studies were independently assessed for inclusion by two review authors according to the stated eligibility criteria followed by data extraction. The methodological quality of randomized trials was assessed using the Cochrane tool for assessing the risk of bias, nonrandomized ones – using the Russian version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Arising disagreements were resolved through discussions.

RESULTS. The review included one randomized controlled trial according to the inclusion criteria and 16 nonrandomized cohort studies with a total of 3672 participants (1835 and 1837 patients undergoing planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies, respectively). Given the significant statistical heterogeneity of the included studies (χ2=119.2, df=16, p<0.00001, I2=87 %), a random effects model was used to assess the intervention effect: the resulting risk of death ratio was 0.68 (95 % CI 0.42–1.10) in favor of planned relaparotomies. The assessment of the systematic review sensitivity, performed by changing the inclusion criteria, showed a similar conclusion: the risk of death ratio was 0.79 in favor of the planned relaparotomies (95 % CI 0.46–1.36).

CONCLUSION. The obtained data demonstrated the presence of a statistically insignificant (p=0.11) decrease in postoperative mortality rate in the subgroup of patients with planned relaparotomies. Given the average risk of systematic and significant risk of publication bias in the included studies, these conclusions should be accepted with caution. Further studies in the format of randomized trials will undoubtedly increase the level of the evidence reliability.
COVID-19 pandemic: The world's export credit agencies' response to the economic downturn
Authors: UMAROV Hasan S. , UMAROV Husan S.
Published: May 2022

Subject. This article discusses the role of export credit agencies (ECA) in dealing with the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objectives. The article aims to assess the effectiveness of the application of ECA's comprehensive credit and insurance tools to support foreign trade operators in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods. For the study, we used the comparative, statistical, and formal and logical methods.
Results. The article describes the support measures taken by the ECA aimed at increasing the flexibility of export credit insurance conditions, increasing the availability of financing in response to the economic shock associated with the pandemic. It identifies the most relevant trends in the development of ECA during the crisis period and the key role of ECA as part of the State foreign economic policy.
Conclusions. The crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic reveals the need to strengthen ECA cooperation with private insurance companies within the framework of public-private partnerships. There is also a need to accelerate the development of ECA in the field of digitalization, which will contribute to improving service for customers, creating popular insurance products, as well as increasing the operational performance of the ECA themselves.
An Unusual 3-way Footbridge – Concept and Delivery
Authors: Stross Oliver , Firth Ian , Knight Martin , Halaczek Bartlomiej
Published: May 2022

This paper describes the conception and realisation of an unusual 3-way footbridge. The unique plan form derived from the need to cross the Grand Union Canal at the point where the entrance to a new marina severed the existing tow path on one side. The marina and bridge are both part of a new mixed development on the edge of Milton Keynes in the UK. Several conceptual solutions were tested, including some with two separate bridges (one over the canal and one over the marina entrance) but the preferred design was for the 3-way bridge, creating a dramatic feature at the entrance to the marina and a focal point for the development. Construction considerations required the bridge to be installed as a single piece in a single operation, to minimise disturbance to the busy canal navigation and avoid any temporary supports. This required a large crane and dictated the use of a lightweight steel box solution. The 3-leg plan form generates some interesting load effects under asymmetric loading which will be described in the paper.

The parapets are in weathering steel and depict a pattern of reeds, like those growing on the edges of the canal in places. The laser-cut pattern carefully controls the maximum size of the openings and avoids sharp edges in the panels which are entirely fabricated from the digital file prepared by the designers which avoids repetition of the pattern anywhere along the bridge.
Yehudit Bridge, Rokach Ashkenazi Engineers & NCA – Nir Chen Architects
Authors: Rokach Isaak , Levin Devan , Chen Nir
Published: May 2022

Tel Aviv is the the country's leading metropoline and looking to the future is investing immensly in pedestrian and bicycle traffic as well as light rail in an attempt to combat problematic congestion and pollution vehicles bring and open up the city and its streets to the people. As an essential link the city's traffic design, the Yehudit-Bitzaron footbridge connects east to west and is the catalyst for urban renewal in the Yehudit Boulevard area.

When the Tel Aviv municipality issued an architectural competition for the design of a new footbridge, they were set on a landmark structure. The winning design was a single span tied arch "with a twist" proposed by Nir Chen Architects and Rokach Ashkenazi Engineers.

This paper briefly presents the motivation for the project, the structural architectural design, some of the major obstacles and the effect that the project has and will have on its surroundings.
Investigation of the Static and the Dynamic Behaviour of Stress-Ribbon Footbridges under Pedestrian Actions
Authors: Georgiadis Konstantinos , Ruiz-Teran Ana M. , Stafford Peter J.
Published: May 2022

Stress-ribbon footbridges promote the axial behaviour and allow designers to take advantage of the entire sectional areas reducing the required construction materials. In addition to their high structural efficiency and sustainability, they also possess a number of other advantages such as lightness, relatively easy construction possibilities, strong aesthetic characteristics with small impact to the landscape, and minimum maintenance requirements. As a result, they present an attractive proposal for covering medium to large spans in urban and remote places. Whilst currently the structural behaviour of stress-ribbon footbridges has been investigated, more attention has been paid on their static response. Nevertheless, their dynamic response under pedestrian actions might be more critical for their design, as significant vibrations can be generated during service, compromising users’ comfort. This paper presents an investigation of a benchmark stress-ribbon footbridge under static and dynamic pedestrian actions. The influence of geometric non-linearity in the static and the dynamic response was examined. Results show that inclusion of geometric non-linearity affects significantly the stiffness of the bridge and consequently it is important for predicting its behaviour. Finally, based on a parametric study it was found that, increasing the stress-ribbon thickness is an effective way of reducing vibrations and increase comfort for the bridge users.
Ghosts of the Erie Canal Past Present and Future
Authors: Lockhart Calum , Metters Edmund
Published: May 2022

In 1825, amidst the industrial revolution taking place in the United States of America, the Erie Canal was constructed bringing industry and wealth to the communities along with it. Almost 200 years later, the governor of New York announced a 300-million-dollar plan to Reimagine the Canals and bring new economic and social development to those communities along the canal.

Of the 57 locks and 19 guard gates along the Erie Canal, lock E11, and guard gate 12 are examples that offer the ability to use their heritage value to bring economic value to the areas around them by pairing them with a footbridge, due to their location. These pieces of infrastructure, still performing critical functions to prevent flooding, often fall forgotten and sit in the backdrop. As part of the Reimagine the Canals initiative these historic structures will become a centrepiece, showcasing their heritage value.

Along the canal network also sit many derelict old road bridges. One in the community of Waterloo on Locust Street has been closed for several years, having been through cycles of rebirth before- we looked at how this bridge could again become the centre of the local community.
The Verification of the Walkability on the Pedestrian Deck
Authors: Matsui Teppei , Suematsu Shinsuke , Maki Yuji , Matsui Mikio
Published: May 2022

There is an intricate transportation network of cars and trains in the center of Tokyo. There are the layers of the network were stretched around the stations as transportation hubs that didn’t fit well in the limited space on the ground. If there are no technical problems similarly with skyscraper construction, the flow of multi- story construction is unstoppable, considering the space required and the space on the ground that is limited. Pedestrian networks are retrofitted to gaps in cities.

The span of this pedestrian deck was decided in consideration of the place where the railway runs underground and the place where it straddles the Metropolitan Expressway.

Since it is an important flow line of the pedestrian in urban areas, we verified the vibration usability of this deck especially for the largest span of it.

By measuring the bridge vibration of the actual bridge of this deck, we grasped the difference from the calculated value assumed at the time to design it and confirmed the vibration usability when the pedestrians walk on the deck.

In order not to cause discomfort to the pedestrian, the limit of the natural frequency is that the vertical vibration should not be around 2Hz (1.5 to 2.3Hz) and the horizontal vibration should not be around 1Hz, but the vibration of this deck has applied this restriction. From the displacement and velocity values obtained from the external force, it was judged that no countermeasures were necessary.

It can be evaluated that the actual bridge also satisfies the vibration limit, there is no problem in vibration usability.
Cable-Stayed Footbridge Deck Constructed Without Tensioning of Cables – Design vs. On-Site Reality
Authors: Tomczyk Przemo , Gamble Syd
Published: May 2022

Cable-stayed footbridges provide flexibility to span greater distances in order to mitigate or to completely eliminate problems imposed by urban infrastructure located below. These bridges are often built in a segmental manner by cantilevering deck segments out and sequentially tensioning the cables as the works progress. The ability to tension the cables, and therefore adjust the deck geometry, during construction gives the design engineer a better control over the build-up of stresses and displacements leading to the final intended geometry representative of the cable forces. However, in some instances this is not always practicable or safe due to the site constraints such as a busy highway. Narellan Rd Upgrade BR2 was designed and constructed without the phase of cable tensioning. The deck geometry and cable lengths were predetermined to achieve the final design deck profile and cable forces.

In this paper the design methodology of the sequenced construction and the on-site geometry control protocol during the bridge erection are presented along with the impact of fabrication and construction tolerances and the impact of temporary splice details on the footbridge design. Results of design and cable adjustment analyses are incorporated and compared to the final as-built cable forces and the deck geometry. This publication also presents the details of cables adjustment methodology with its specifics and key learnings.
Design for Robustness: Burden or Opportunity?
Authors: Tanner Peter , Hingorani Ramón , Bellod Juan Luis , Sanz David
Published: May 2022

Since the successful translation of many constraints into an aesthetically appealing as well as reliable, functional and cost-effective structure is primarily a question of sound conceptual design, the importance of this step in the design process as a whole cannot be overstated. Nonetheless, the growing complexity of analysis and verification methods, materials technology and construction procedures is driving ever greater specialisation against a backdrop of increasingly extensive and opaque standardisation and control systems. Such specialisation comes at the expense of conceptual design training in engineering schools and consequently of structural engineers’ creativity and other skills necessary to create compelling designs for structures. The rules for ensuring robustness reflect the increasing complexity and opacity characterising structural design codes. While the practical importance of designing and building robust structures is universally acknowledged, the codes presently in place are often vague or confusing. Cross-referencing, in turn, may lead to loops around rules that, confounding engineers, are counterproductive. At the same time, however, that lack of clarity may afford opportunities for innovative solutions by building items that ensure robustness into the conceptual design of a structure. This paper proposes an operational design process that deals appropriately with all factors of structural performance, including robustness, without compromising bridge economy or elegance. That process, which combines several robustness strategies, including risk- based considerations, is illustrated with a case study.
Determinants of knowledge about chronic kidney disease at an academic setting in Jeddah: a cross-sectional analytic study
Authors: Madani Badr , Halawani Motssim , Qashqary Mohammed , Eid Mahmood
Published: May 2022

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) ranks fourth among the top mortality causes in Saudi Arabia, and is attributed to the increasing incidence of noncommunicable diseases. This study aimed to assess the knowledge about CKD among the noncare staff of the University of Jeddah and to analyze the demographic and health-related factors associated with the levels of knowledge.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 109 attendees of an awareness campaign about CKD at the University of Jeddah. A 24- item validated questionnaire was used to explore different dimensions of knowledge about CKD, enabling the calculation of a knowledge score. Sociodemographic data and relevant medical history were collected and analyzed.
Results: Majority of the study population were male (73.4%) and highly educated (87.5%). Correctness rates ranged from 8.3% to 86 depending on the item; notably, only 19.3% of the participants recognized the association between monitoring blood pressure and CKD prevention. The mean ± standard deviation of knowledge score was 14.33 ± 3.06 out of 24, and was significantly higher in the older age group (p = 0.003), ever married participants (p = 0.042), those residing outside Jeddah (p = 0.045), and those having a kidney disease (p = 0.023) as compared to their counterparts. However, only belonging to the resident city was independently associated with the knowledge score.
Conclusion: The low level of knowledge about CKD among this highly educated sample of the population emphasizes the urgent need for raising awareness about CKD among the general population, and more specifically among high-risk subgroups.
Bed management system and inpatient bed availability in a public medical complex in Saudi Arabia: a comparative retrospectively study
Authors: Alabbasi Khalid , Kruger Estie , Tennant Marc
Published: May 2022

Background: This study aims to investigate whether initiating a cross-hospital bed management system makes a difference in the number of admissions and bed occupancy rates at a selected hospital and how, if at all, the average length of stay is reduced in specific hospital departments.
Methods: The study included all sequentially hospitalized patients between June 1, 2016, and June 30, 2019.
Results: The total number of patients who were admitted to a referred medical complex between June 2016 and July 2019 was 20,749. The inpatient days after the initiative show a statistically significant increase compared to inpatient days before the initiative (137,630 vs. 72,930 days, respectively). Additionally, bed occupancy rates (BOR) after the initiative had a significant increase compared to BOR beforehand (50.5% vs. 26.6%, respectively). Following the bed management program, bed turnover rates (BTR) had doubled relative to BTR before (27.7% vs. 13.8%, respectively). Inpatients were more likely to be admitted in medical wards for treatment (n = 11,976, 57.8%). The most common reasons for admissions to the medical wards of a referred medical complex were internal medicine diseases (n = 6,472), followed by diseases of the cardiovascular system (n = 3,096). However, comparing the average length of stay before and after the initiative found no difference.
Conclusion: This study's findings suggest that the number of patients admitted to the hospital were far greater after the bed management initiative began than before it was implemented. Additionally, the increase in BOR and BTR was significant after the initiative was implemented. In contrast, even though the overall length of stay has not changed significantly since the bed management initiative began, when departments are considered separately, a statistically significant reduction in length of stay was only seen in surgical wards since the initiative began.