bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Mennonites’ ‘Great Trek’ from the Occupied Regions of Ukraine to Warthegau in 1943–4
Authors: Martynenko Volodymyr , Venger Nataliya
Published: January 2023

The German troops’ large-scale retreat on the Eastern Front was accompanied by a substantial population outflow from the occupied regions of the USSR. The German Mennonites (approx. 35,000 people) preferred to obey the occupiers’ order and evacuate to the west in the autumn of 1943. Several thousands of them were transported in echelons directly to Warthegau and the region of Danzig. The remaining part of deportees had to sustain a difficult and dramatic route in the convoys. The Nazi leadership planned to use them as settlers or labour force on the annexed Western Polish lands. After the end of the Second World War, most of the Mennonites were forcibly repatriated to the USSR; others succeeded in emigrating to Canada or Latin America.
„Przecież niebo i niebiosa najwyższe nie mogą Cię objąć” (1 Krl 8, 27)
Authors: Patała Agnieszka
Published: January 2023

Artykuł traktuje o zaginionym obrazie z przedstawieniem Zmartwychwstałego Chrystusa ukazującego się Marii, powstałym w 1506 roku i pochodzącym z dawnego zespołu klasztornego wrocławskich klarysek. Powód poświęcenia mu osobnego omówienia leży przede wszystkim w jego rzadkiej – nawet w skali europejskiej – ikonografii, stanowiącej mariaż scen apokryficznych i biblijnych oraz jednocześnie syntetyzującej średniowieczne opisy Chrystofanii, zwłaszcza wychodzące spod pióra franciszkańskich autorów. Co więcej, dzieło okazuje się w swojej intelektualno-ideowej wymowie tym bardziej złożone, im lepiej wykształcona i świadoma swoich medytacyjnych celów była modląca się przed nim klaryska. Mniej zaawansowane w naukach lub zaangażowane siostry mogły przy jego pomocy, szczególnie w okresie Wielkanocy, oddawać cześć Marii Królowej Nieba (Regina Caeli) i rodzicielce Boga. Z kolei dojrzalsze duchowo i umysłowo klaryski, świadome, iż możliwość dotknięcia, a tym bardziej objęcia Boga oraz Marii stanowi przywilej tych, których wiara pozostaje niezachwiana, obraz mógł prowadzić głębiej i wspomagać kontemplację mającą skutkować, zgodnie z zaleceniami św. Klary, „przytuleniem się do najsłodszej Matki, która porodziła tak wielkiego Syna, że ‘niebiosa nie mogą Go objąć' ”.
Around the Set of Early-Modern Miniatures Painted on Parchment Donated by Konstanty Schmidt-Ciążyński in the Collection of the National Muzeum in Kraków
Authors: Maniakowska-Jazownik Zofia , Ryguła Anna , Matosz Marta
Published: January 2023

Wokół zespołu nowożytnych miniatur malowanych na pergaminie z daru Kon stantego Schmidt-Ciążyńskiego w zbiorach Muzeum Narodowego w Krakowie
W 1885 roku Konstanty Schmidt-Ciążyński przekazał Muzeum Narodowemu w Krakowie (MNK) czternaście miniatur malowanych na pergaminie. Mimo wielu oczywistych różnic historia przypisała autorstwo jednemu artyście, Willemowi van Bemmelowi. W trakcie prac konserwatorskich podjęto próbę uzyskania argumentów mogących potwierdzić lub zanegować warsztatowe pokrewieństwo miniatur. Analizowano technologię, cechy stylistyczne oraz charakter zniszczeń. Przeprowadzono nieniszczące badania warstw malarskich, analizy mikroskopowe powierzchni, wykonano fotografie w światłach analitycznych. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi podsumowanie tych badań oraz próbę postawienia tez sumarycznych. Okazało się, że dla niektórych obiektów można wskazać analogie i odnaleźć odniesienia ikonograficzne. Udało się również dokonać podziału analizowanych miniatur pod kątem podobieństw w użyciu pigmentów zidentyfikowanych w warstwie malarskiej. Cechy stylistyczne i warsztatowe wskazują na wspólne autorstwo nielicznych miniatur z tego zbioru.
Nieznana chorągiew procesyjna z dziedzictwa kongregacji chełmińskiej w zbiorach Muzeum Diecezjalnego w Toruniu
Authors: Raczkowski Juliusz , Bucław Katarzyna
Published: January 2023

W zbiorach Muzeum Diecezjalnego w Toruniu (MDT) znajduje się rzadki parament z XVII wieku – dwustronnie malowana (olej na płótnie) i na awersie haftowana (nici jedwabne i złote na kanwie płóciennej) chorągiew procesyjna, ukazująca świętą z zakonu benedyktynek (św. Gertrudę lub Scholastykę) i św. Biskupa (Wojciecha?). Obiekt zachował się w stanie destruktu, a jego dokładna proweniencja ani dzieje nie są znane. Na podstawie ikonografii oraz cech rękodzieła, mających analogie w innych nowożytnych haftowanych tekstyliach z regionu,  można z dużym prawdopodobieństwem zakładać, że jest to element spuścizny po benedyktynkach kongregacji chełmińskiej, prawdopodobnie z Torunia. Artykuł referuje wyniki badań (ikonograficznych, zabytkoznawczych technologicznych – IR, UV, XRF), jakim poddano zabytek przy okazji przygotowania go na ekspozycję na wystawie czasowej „Diocesis nostrae patroni. Wspólne dziedzictwo diecezji chełmińskiej i toruńskiej” w MDT w 2022 roku i  później, podczas trwania wystawy. Autorzy podkreślają jego unikatowy walor w zakresie funkcji i historyczną wartość jako dziedzictwa pokasacyjnego. Zwracają także uwagę na poważne związane z nim wyzwanie konserwatorsko-ekspozycyjne, którego podjęcie mogłoby wywołać szereg dylematów, ale i przynieść nowe rozwiązania dla praktyki konserwacji zabytkowych tekstyliów oraz zagadnień w  dziedzinie projektowania ekspozycji muzealnej.
Obraz Matki Bożej Stradowskiej
Authors: Sowała Wojciech
Published: January 2023

Stradów w XVII w. stał się lokalnym sanktuarium maryjnym, w którym przechowywano, słynący cudami obraz Matki Boskiej Stradowskiej. Przeprowadzona w 2022 r. konserwacja tego obrazu umożliwiła wykonanie badań i ogląd pierwotnej warstwy malarskiej. W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano wyniki analiz historyczno-artystycznych z uwzględnieniem wyników powyższych badań oraz kwerend źródłowych. Jak się wydaje obraz mógł być wykonany w Krakowie w pierwszym czterdziestoleciu XVII w. W drugiej części zanalizowano srebrne sukienki związane z obrazem. Rozpoznano dwie fazy powstania blach. Główną część wykonano na początku XIX w. lecz po roku 1807, natomiast w 1879 r. dokonano reperacji i uzupełnień, wtedy też dodano korony i berło. Jak wskazują znaki złotnicze prace przeprowadzono w krakowskim zakładzie Wacława Głowackiego. Elementem zwracającym uwagę okazał się zestaw znaków złotniczych nabitych na sukienkach, niezgodny zarówno z rosyjskim jak i austriackim ustawodawstwem.
Elusive Urban - Regional Governance: The Sustainable Development Challenge of Megacities in Latin America
Authors: Acosta Restrepo Patricia , Gómez García Clara Isabel
Published: January 2023

Cuatro de las megaciudades del mundo se han consolidado en la región de América Latina (LatAm): Ciudad de México, Sao Paulo, Río de Janeiro y Buenos Aires, mientras que hay dos más en proceso: Lima y Bogotá. Estas grandes aglomeraciones urbanas no solo son motores económicos nacionales esenciales de gran importancia demográfica; pero se han extendido a las ciudades-región que encarnan los desafíos de desarrollo más agudos: degradación ambiental, ineficiencia de los recursos, exclusión social, desigualdad de ingresos, empobrecimiento, inseguridad, violencia, vulnerabilidad social y económica al cambio climático y los correspondientes problemas de habitabilidad. En resumen, las megaciudades de LatAm están lidiando con los impactos acumulativos y los bucles de retroalimentación de megaproblemas que han sido descuidados durante mucho tiempo. Este documento explora las estrategias o arreglos institucionales utilizados para enfrentar los problemas de desarrollo de estas ciudades y ciudades-región y las prácticas de gobernanza implícitas en diferentes enfoques utilizados para gestionar sectores clave. Una revisión de estudios y casos comparativos existentes, complementada con varias entrevistas con expertos locales, sugiere que los contextos nacionales políticos, administrativos y legales específicos definen en gran medida las opciones para abordar formalmente estos desafíos a una escala geográfica adecuada. Sin embargo, nuestro análisis destaca tres problemas para superar los obstáculos políticos e institucionales, que dificultan la planificación integrada, las políticas coordinadas y las inversiones a escala de megaciudad, y la implementación limitada de esquemas formales de gestión integrada, como áreas metropolitanas, para abordar los problemas dentro y fuera de las metrópolis de manera efectiva. La evaluación sugiere que ambas situaciones han promovido el surgimiento de arreglos alternativos, a veces informales, paralelos de gobernanza de redes entre una diversidad de partes interesadas.
Product Design Enhancement for Fashion Retailing
Authors: Wang Yiwei , Choudhary Vidyanand , Yin Shuya
Published: January 2023

As the fashion industry increasingly embraces artificial intelligence (AI), we investigate how a fast-fashion retailer should choose between using a manual design strategy or an AI-assisted design strategy to enhance existing products. A manual design is a traditional and basic approach that involves human designers only, whereas an AI-assisted design is a more innovative approach that involves both human designers and AI technologies. In this paper, the overall product enhancement is measured by two key attributes: product quality and product trendiness. Product quality can be measured by the product’s longevity as reflected by the quality of the materials and types of fabric and stitching used, where the product’s improvement level can be determined by the retailer in a continuous range. Consequently, the retailer may choose different levels of product quality under different design strategies. The two design approaches also lead to different natures of product trendiness, which is reflected by features such as styles, new materials, and colors, to name just a few. Specifically, we assume that the traditional manual design can predict well how trendy or popular the new product is. Hence, the trendiness attribute under the manual design is deterministic. However, given the uncertain nature of the AI-assisted design technology and the needed coordination between human designers and the adopted technologies, the trendiness of the new product designed under the AI-assisted approach is assumed uncertain. Two sets of designing costs are considered in product enhancement: the fixed design cost that is irrespective of the production volume and the variable marginal cost. Our analysis of the base model highlights the importance of decomposing different costs in determining the optimal design strategy. Specifically, the manual design is preferred when the fixed cost carries more weight, whereas the AI-assisted design is preferred when the marginal cost is a more important factor. Moreover, a higher level of innovation uncertainty under the AI-assisted design gives this strategy an advantage over the manual design. In our extended models, we demonstrate that (1) these results are robust even if the retailer does not have the flexibility to offer the existing product when the AI-assisted design is unpopular, and (2) the relative position of human designers in the two design approaches has an impact on the effects of these costs.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/serv.2023.0315 .
Application of artificial intelligence tools in diagnosis and treatmentof mental disorders
Authors: Kister Klaudia , Laskowski Jakub , Makarewicz Agata , Tarkowski Jakub
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Artificial intelligence research is increasing its application in mental health services. Machine learning, deep learning, semantic analysis in the form of transcriptions of patients' statements enable early diagnosis of psychotic disorders, ADHD, anorexia nervosa. Of great importance are the so-called digital therapists. This paper aims to show the use of AI tools in diagnosing, treating, the benefits and limitations associated with mental disorders.
Material and methodS: This literature review was conducted by searching scientific articles from 2015 to 2022. The basis were PubMED, OpenKnowledge, Web of Science, using the following keywords: artificial intelligence, digital therapy, psychiatry, machine learning.
Results: A review indicates the widespread use of AI tools in screening for mental disorders. These tools advance the clinical diagnosis medical specialists make up for several years. They impact solving medical staff shortages, lack of access to medical facilities and leveling patient resistance to treatment. The benefits are ultra-fast analysis of large sets of information, effective screening of people in need of specialized psychiatric care, reduction of doctors' duties and maximization of their work efficiency. During the current COVID 19 pandemic, robots in the form of digital psychotherapists are playing a special role.
Conclusions: The need for further research, testing and clarification of regulations related to the use of AI tools is indicated. Ethical and social problems need to be resolved. The tools should not form the basis of autonomous therapy without the supervision of highly trained professionals. Human beings should be at the center of analysis just as their health and well-being.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, digital therapy, psychiatry, machine learning
Chronic kidney disease patients’ views of readiness and ability to use mHealth apps
Authors: Che Johan Nurul Aina Syahidan , Rasani Ali Aminuddin Mohd , Keng Soon Lean
Published: January 2023

Background: The use of mobile health (mHealth) applications, which provide opportunities to improve health and lessen health inequalities, is increasing. Studies assessing the readiness and ability of patients in Malaysia with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to use mobile phone apps to manage their health are limited. Aims: This study aimed to assess the readiness and ability to use mHealth apps among patients with CKD in north-east Peninsular Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken, using a convenience sample of 100 CKD medical inpatients in a tertiary teaching hospital. A structured, self-administered questionnaire on readiness and ability to use mHealth apps was adopted. Findings: Nearly one in five patients (18%) actively used health applications. More than three-quarters (77%) were aged >40 years and a similar proportion were ready to use mHealth apps (78%), and nearly half (46%) were confident about connecting their device to wifi. There was a correlation between ability and readiness to use mHealth apps (r=0.4; P<0.05). Conclusions: Fewer than half of participants had a good command of mHealth applications. Therefore, support on the use of these apps is needed, and healthcare managers need to consider this.
Keeping our patients safe
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: January 2023

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, looks at research on the impact of nursing team size and composition on patient mortality in hospitals
Supporting clinical competency in managing peripherally inserted central catheters during the COVID-19 pandemic: an education evaluation
Authors: Reguindin Jennifer , Wang Angel , Capoccitti Kim , Lai Shevaun , Saby Christine , Sakin Natalie , Woods Wesley , Ortiz Christine , Velasco Karen , Alvand Parisa , Sayed Ahmed Ullah , Lee Marilyn , Rothery Donna , Layton Mikki
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Hospitals had to create new practices and training due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. An increase in patient acuity and the need for peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) across the hospital required an urban community hospital to educate and support in-patient nurses to manage PICCs in acute and complex care units. Traditionally, these skills were performed by specialized registered nurses (RNs) from the Vascular Access Team (VAT). This paper highlights the education plan, implementation, and evaluation of a hospital-wide training for RNs and registered practical nurses (RPNs) in in-patient units during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Methods:

Clinical Resource Leaders (CRLs) created a modular approach to upskill existing nurses and train new hires. Various education strategies, such as the use of competency assessments, creating practice supports, and incorporating specialists as a resource, were utilized to ensure knowledge transfer, application, and guidance of evidence-informed clinical practices. Vascular Access Team documentation was utilized to obtain Kirkpatrick's (2021) level 4 evaluation.

Results:

This training program was implemented after the second wave of the pandemic and was also embedded into nursing orientation. This structured approach ensured that nurses were competent to support the increased acuity and needs of patients. Eighty percent of full-time and part-time nurses were trained to manage PICC lines.

Conclusion:

Education evaluation results show a decrease in PICC-related VAT assistance requests with a baseline of 570 calls down to 149 six months after education was implemented. Leaders are encouraged to ensure teams have role clarity, policies, and practice supports to be successful.
Rhabdomyolysis and elderly fallers
Authors: Schulz Jakob
Published: January 2023

Elderly people who have fallen make up a large proportion of the ambulance workload: falls and fall-related injuries are prevalent within the older population, with half of those aged >80 years falling annually. Rhabdomyolysis is a common and potentially life-threatening condition, which has many causes. It occurs when the contents of skeletal muscle are released into the bloodstream and cause an obstructive cast in the glomerulus, leading to acute tubular necrosis and acute kidney injury. Of the multiple causes of rhabdomyolysis, significant ones are statin use and falls where elderly people are immobile for prolonged periods of time. However, a large number of patients are discharged by ambulance crews following long-lie falls, and they are more likely to request ambulance reattendance in the following month and have increased mortality rates following discharge from ambulance crews. Rhabdomyolysis often occurs after the initial fall, so emphasis should be placed on recognising not only the condition but also those at increased risk of developing it.
RISC-V Powers IoT Apps Processor
Authors: Pitcher Graham
Published: January 2023

IOT APPS PROCESSOR BOASTS EIGHT RISC-V CORES, POWER EFFICIENCY.
Learning on the Job
Authors: Tyler Neil
Published: January 2023

A growing number of research projects are investigating how collaborative robots can work alongside humans and, potentially, offer assistance proactively.
A Sense of Purpose
Authors: Pitcher Graham
Published: January 2023

Sensors developed for consumer applications are being picked up by industrial users - and for robotics in particular.
Bringing on Bioelectronics
Authors: Grylls Bethan
Published: January 2023

As the population ages, long term health care issues are becoming more challenging, which requires innovative solutions.
Look before you Leap
Authors: Pitcher Graham
Published: January 2023

Designing medical devices needs careful planning and, above all, patience.
Network Providers Take Centre Stage
Authors: Tyler Neil
Published: January 2023

With more than 2400 companies showcasing the latest in products and services, this year’s Mobile World Congress saw network providers take centre stage.
Reality Check
Authors: Grylls Bethan
Published: January 2023

Augmented reality is an old technology with new hopes – and could change the face of electronic design.
Enabling the Adaptable World
Authors: Tyler Neil
Published: January 2023

The intelligent connected world needs adaptable accelerated computing. As a result, more engineers are turning to FPGA as a service, via cloud computing platforms.
Securing the Supply Chain
Authors: Grylls Bethan
Published: January 2023

COMMUNICATION AND AWARENESS ARE KEY IN THE BATTLE TO COMBAT COUNTERFEIT COMPONENTS.
Can Mass succeed?
Authors: Walter Stephan
Published: January 2023

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) aims to dismantle the inefficient model of private car ownership and replace it with on-demand services that offer just as much freedom at a lower cost, while also generating greater profits for service operators. There’s consensus on the desirability of its aims, but, as Jack Roper discovers, many different opinions on how best to achieve them, prompting some to wonder if MaaS will ever reach its stated destination…
V2P Future
Authors: Smith David W
Published: January 2023

From highway construction workers to cyclists, vulnerable road users are, by definition, the most in need of protection on our streets. New connectivity technologies promise to be able to bring pedestrians and others into the V2X ecosystem, but which are the best solutions? And how can we ensure that deployment proceeds safely and equitably?
For whom the App Tolls
Authors: Smith Andrew
Published: January 2023

Direct, payment-by-car for tolling may still be some years away, but linking apps to existing free-flow systems is helping to streamline payments, lowering costs and enhancing customer experience and satisfaction.
Therapeutics in veterinary care of the donkey
Authors: Sullivan Rebekah , Vogel Polly
Published: January 2023

Knowledge of donkey-specific disease presentation, behaviour, anatomy and physiology is beneficial when choosing appropriate medications and routes of administration in this species. While many selected therapeutic agents will be the same as those used in the horse, being aware of certain nuances will ensure that the donkey receives the best possible care. Clinicians and owners alike may benefit from drug administration tips. As there are limited drugs licensed for use in the donkey, use of the prescribing cascade is usually warranted. This article mentions the use of therapeutics in mules where appropriate.
Maximising collaboration for equine health: working with livery yard owners and managers
Authors: Furtado Tamzin
Published: January 2023

Livery yard owners and managers are important stakeholders in managing the health and wellbeing of horses within their yards, yet their importance is often overlooked. Finding ways to collaborate positively with local livery yards could help veterinary professionals on many levels, from offering optimised preventative health strategies to the horses within local yards, through to ensuring trust and good professional relationships with managers and their clients.
Estimation of Freezing Point of Ternary Coolant Mixture
Authors: H. K Rohit , Chitranayak Chitranayak , P. S Minz , J. K Dabas, , K Kumari
Published: January 2023

Aqueous glycol solutions are widely used as coolant in secondary refrigeration systems. Freezing point is one of the crucial properties used to characterize the performance of coolant. Instrumental methods are often complex and require expensive equipment. For selection of right coolant mixture there was a need for systematic study of aqueous-glycol-salt solution over a wide range of composition. The research work in this paper presents a novel and rapid way for freezing point characterization of the ternary coolant mixture. The freezing behavior of ternary mixture was studied for different blends of ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol (PG), sodium chloride (NaCl) and water. Two sets of ternary mixture TM1 (EG-NaCl-water) and TM2 (PG-NaCl-water) were evaluated experimentally at various concentrations of glycol and NaCl. Effect of glycol and salt concentration on freezing point depression was analyzed. The results demonstrated that ternary mixtures required less EG/PG for cost effective formulation of secondary coolant for different cooling application in dairy and food processing industry.
Effect of Increased Deflection Tire Technology on Soil Compaction
Authors: Tekeste Mehari Z. , Way Thomas R. , Birkenholz Wayne , Brodbeck Sally
Published: January 2023

Highlights

IF and VF agricultural radial tires are capable of carrying a greater load at the same inflation pressure than a standard radial tire.

For this MFWD tractor and central-fill planter, the rear tractor tire is the main source of soil compaction during planting.

The peak soil stress for the rear tractor tire was greater for standard radial tire inflation pressures than for IF radial tire inflation pressures.

Potential soil compaction is expected to be greater for standard radial tire inflation pressures than for IF radial tire inflation pressures.

Abstract. New agricultural tire standards, designated as Increased Flexion (IF) and Very High Flexion (VF), have been introduced for agricultural machines that offer larger contact areas compared to the standard radial tire carrying the same axle load. Limited studies have been conducted on how the newly adopted IF tires and precision tire inflation pressure management systems affect soil compaction, fuel economy, and crop yield responses. This study aimed to investigate the effects of field and transport (road) tire inflation pressure settings of row-crop agricultural tractor and planter tires on soil compaction. A completely randomized design experiment was conducted at the Iowa State University farm at Boone, Iowa, for two tire inflation pressure levels on the dual front (Firestone IF 420/85R34) and dual rear (Firestone IF 480/80R50) tires on a John Deere 8310R MFWD tractor, as well as transport tires (Super single 445/50R22.5) on a John Deere DB60 central-fill planter. Soil compaction was measured using Stress State Transducers (SSTs) buried at 150 mm and 300 mm depths beneath the untrafficked soil surface. The soil cone index depth profile was measured at the tire centerline before and after the tractor and planter tire passes. After the tractor and planter tire passes, rut depth was also measured at the tire centerline. Peak octahedral normal stress (soct) and the corresponding octahedral shear stress (toct) values in soil were calculated from the SST data. The peak soct for the rear tractor tire was significantly greater for the Standard Radial Tire Pressures treatment than for the IF Radial Tire Pressures treatment. The tire inflation pressure treatment did not significantly affect the peak soct for the front tractor tire and the planter transport tire. For this tractor and planter configuration, soil stress results identify the rear tractor tires as the main source of soil compaction during planting. The Standard Radial Tire Pressures treatment caused significantly higher soil cone index and soil rut depth compared with the IF Radial Tire Pressures (P < 0.05). As indicated by soil stresses, potential soil compaction from the tractor and planter transport tires is expected to be greater for standard radial tire inflation pressures than for IF radial tire inflation pressures. Keywords: Increased Flexion (IF) radial tire, Soil compaction, Soil cone index, Soil stress state, Tire inflation pressure.
Super multi-view display based on near-eye pinholes
Authors: Fan Haizhen , Ye Qiu , Liu Lilin , Teng Dongdong
Published: January 2023

Vergence-accommodation-conflict-free super multi-view (SMV) display based on more than one near-eye pinhole group for each pupil of the viewer is developed in this paper. Two-dimensionally arranged pinholes of a group correspond to different subscreens of the display screen, with perspective views projected by each subscreen through a corresponding pinhole splicing into an image of enlarged field of view (FOV). By sequentially switching on/off different pinhole groups, more than one mosaic image is projected to each pupil of the viewer. Adjacent pinholes of a group are endowed with different timing-polarizing characteristics to generate an effective noise-free region for each pupil. In the experiment, four groups of 3×3 pinholes are configured for a proof-of-concept SMV display on a 240 Hz display screen, with a diagonal FOV of 55 deg and a depth of field reaching 1.2 m.
Ambient light rejection method for multiphoton coincidence detection in single-photon avalanche diode-based DToF sensors
Authors: Zhou Hulin , Chen Quanmin , Sun Minghao , Xu Jiangtao , Nie Kaiming
Published: January 2023

This paper
presents an adaptive control
method used for multiphoton coincidence detection to reduce the effect
of ambient light that exists in accessing flight time. Behavioral and
statistical models are used to demonstrate the working principle with
MATLAB, and the method is achieved through a compact circuit. The
adaptive coincidence detection in accessing flight time achieves a
higher probability of 66.5% than fixed parameter coincidence
detection’s 46%, while ambient light intensity is
75 klux. Additionally, it also can achieve a dynamic detection
range 43.8 times higher than the fixed parameter detection. The
circuit is designed in 0.11 µm complementary metal-oxide
semiconductor process, and the area consumption is 0.00178mm2. The postsimulation experiment
through Virtuoso shows that the histogram of coincidence detection
under adaptive control circuit is consistent with the behavioral
model. The proposed method acieves the coefficient of variance as
0.0495 smaller than fixed parameter coincidence’s 0.0853, which
means better ambient light tolerance in accessing flight time for
three-dimensional imaging.
Metasurface-based triple-band beam splitter with large spatial separation at visible wavelengths
Authors: Wei Lifei , Huang Huamao
Published: January 2023

The dual-function of a wavelength beam splitter and a power beam splitter is desired in both classical optics and quantum optics. We propose a triple-band large-spatial-separation beam splitter at visible wavelengths using a phase-gradient metasurface in both the x- and y-directions. Under x-polarized normal incidence, the blue light is split in the y-direction into two equal-intensity beams owing to the resonance inside a single meta-atom, the green light is split in the x-direction into another two equal-intensity beams owing to the size variation between adjacent meta-atoms, while the red light passes directly without splitting. The size of the meta-atoms was optimized based on their phase response and transmittance. The simulated working efficiencies under normal incidence are 68.1%, 85.0%, and 81.9% at the wavelengths of 420 nm, 530 nm, and 730 nm, respectively. The sensitivities of the oblique incidence and polarization angle are also discussed.
Optical sensor based on an anti-resonant hollow-core fiber for simultaneous detection of methane, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen monoxide: proposal and simulation
Authors: de Araujo Silva Artur , Mijam Barea Luis Alberto , De Francisco Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2023

This work demonstrates the potential application of anti-resonant hollow-core fibers (AR-HCFs) as efficient sensors to simultaneously monitor three gases: methane, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen monoxide. Two AR-HCFs were investigated, one made of silicon dioxide and the other of indium (III) fluoride, to demonstrate the impact of the building material on fiber performance over a wide wavelength range. With the controlled insertion of holes into these fibers, the gas present in the environment can reach the hollow core of the fiber, being able to interact with the propagating light in the fiber. This light–gas interaction, when performed in different spectral regions where certain gases have high absorption, allows simultaneous monitoring of low concentrations of gases present in the environment by direct absorption spectroscopy. The wide wavelength range with low optical losses offered by AR-HCFs makes them suitable for this type of application. The simulation results show low insertion loss and a linear behavior of the optical absorption as a function of gas concentration for the three gases of interest, enabling the application of such sensors in the health, industrial, and environmental areas for precise monitoring of low concentrations of gases.
Low sampling high quality image reconstruction and segmentation based on array network ghost imaging
Authors: Liu Xuan , Han Tailin , Zhou Cheng , Huang Jipeng , Ju Mingchi , Xu Bo , Song Lijun
Published: January 2023

High-quality imaging under low sampling time is an important step in the practical application of computational ghost imaging (CGI). At present, the combination of CGI and deep learning has achieved ideal results. However, as far as we know, most researchers focus on one single pixel CGI based on deep learning, and the combination of array detection CGI and deep learning with higher imaging performance has not been mentioned. In this work, we propose a novel multi-task CGI detection method based on deep learning and array detector, which can directly extract target features from one-dimensional bucket detection signals at low sampling times, especially output high-quality reconstruction and image-free segmentation results at the same time. And this method can realize fast light field modulation of modulation devices such as digital micromirror device to improve the imaging efficiency by binarizing the trained floating-point spatial light field and fine-tuning the network. Meanwhile, the problem of partial information loss in the reconstructed image due to the detection unit gap in the array detector has also been solved. Simulation and experimental results show that our method can simultaneously obtain high-quality reconstructed and segmented images at sampling rate of 0.78 %. Even when the signal-to-noise ratio of the bucket signal is 15 dB, the details of the output image are still clear. This method helps to improve the applicability of CGI and can be applied to resource-constrained multi-task detection scenarios such as real-time detection, semantic segmentation, and object recognition.
Toward 3D imaging of femtosecond laser filament in air by a CCD within a single exposure
Authors: Wei Yingxia , Wang Tiejun , Long Juan , Yin Fukang , Ding Xinyi , Zhu Bin , Zhou Kainan , Bin Jianhui , Leng Yuxin
Published: January 2023

We experimentally demonstrated the 3D propagation of laser filament in air by an Fabry-Pérot (F-P) cavity assisted imaging within a single exposure. The F-P cavity was composed of two parallel mirrors with certain reflectivity and transmission at filament laser, so that the beam was reflected and refracted multiple times between the two mirrors. The cross-sectional intensity patterns at different longitudinal positions along filament within a single exposure of CCD (Charge-coupled Device) were recorded. When keeping the incident angle of the F-P cavity as a constant and reducing its spacing distance, a better longitudinally resolved evolution of cross-sectional filament intensity patterns was obtained. The intensity evolution along laser filament by the F-P cavity assisted imaging method was consistent with the filament fluorescence measurement from the side. As an application, the transition of laser propagation from linear to nonlinear was unveiled by the F-P cavity assisted 3D imaging.
Research and Industry News
Authors: Cartlidge Edwin , Kim Meeri , Michaud Sarah , Kwon Karen , Lanford Hannah , Wills Stewart , Kirkland Alessia
Published: January 2023

Desert colors / Edge computing / Dye-sensitized solar cells /
Metamaterials from paper / Optogenetic pacemaker / Horseshoe crab
vision / Neurescence acquired / Industrial 3D printing /
Ouster-Velodyne merger / Green-VCSEL partnership
A randomized controlled trial to evaluate outcomes with Aggrenox in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Singla Amit , Dadario Nicholas B. , Singla Ashima , Greenberg Patricia , Yan Rachel , Nanda Anil , Boison Detlev , Malhotra Rakesh , Patel Sunil , Nipun Suri , Maninderpal Kaur , Castro Dorothy , Bdiiwi Sanaa , Boktor Hala , Kyi Htay Htay , Sutherland Anne , Patrawalla Amee , Ly Kevin , Xie Yingda , Sonig Ashish , Khandelwal Priyank , Liu James , Koziol Joseph , Finkle Diana , Subanna Sara , Libutti Steven K.
Published: January 2023

Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an immunoinflammatory and hypercoagulable state that contributes to respiratory distress, multi-organ dysfunction, and mortality. Dipyridamole, by increasing extracellular adenosine, has been postulated to be protective for COVID-19 patients through its immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, vasodilatory, and anti-viral actions. Likewise, low-dose aspirin has also demonstrated protective effects for COVID-19 patients. This study evaluated the effect of these two drugs formulated together as Aggrenox in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Methods

In an open-label, single site randomized controlled trial (RCT), hospitalized COVID-19 patients were assigned to adjunctive Aggrenox (Dipyridamole ER 200mg/ Aspirin 25mg orally/enterally) with standard of care treatment compared to standard of care treatment alone. Primary endpoint was illness severity according to changes on the eight-point COVID ordinal scale, with levels of 1 to 8 where higher scores represent worse illness. Secondary endpoints included all-cause mortality and respiratory failure. Outcomes were measured through days 14, 28, and/or hospital discharge.

Results

From October 1, 2020 to April 30, 2021, a total of 98 patients, who had a median [IQR] age of 57 [47, 62] years and were 53.1% (n = 52) female, were randomized equally between study groups (n = 49 Aggrenox plus standard of care versus n = 49 standard of care alone). No clinically significant differences were found between those who received adjunctive Aggrenox and the control group in terms of illness severity (COVID ordinal scale) at days 14 and 28. The overall mortality through day 28 was 6.1% (3 patients, n = 49) in the Aggrenox group and 10.2% (5 patients, n = 49) in the control group (OR [95% CI]: 0.40 [0.04, 4.01], p = 0.44). Respiratory failure through day 28 occurred in 4 (8.3%, n = 48) patients in the Aggrenox group and 7 (14.6%, n = 48) patients in the standard of care group (OR [95% CI]: 0.21 [0.02, 2.56], p = 0.22). A larger decrease in the platelet count and blood glucose levels, and larger increase in creatinine and sodium levels within the first 7 days of hospital admission were each independent predictors of 28-day mortality (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

In this study of hospitalized patients with COVID-19, while the outcomes of COVID illness severity, odds of mortality, and chance of respiratory failure were better in the Aggrenox group compared to standard of care alone, the data did not reach statistical significance to support the standard use of adjuvant Aggrenox in such patients.
Epidemiology, injury pattern and outcome of older trauma patients: A 15-year study of level-I trauma centers
Authors: Benhamed Axel , Batomen Brice , Boucher Valérie , Yadav Krishan , Mercier Éric , Isaac Chartelin Jean , Bérubé Mélanie , Bernard Francis , Chauny Jean- Marc , Moore Lynne , Sirois Marie Josée , Tazarourte Karim , Gossiome Amaury , Émond Marcel
Published: January 2023

Background

Older adults have become a significant portion of the trauma population. Exploring their specificities is crucial to better meet their specific needs. The primary objective was to evaluate the temporal changes in the incidence, demographic and trauma characteristics, injury pattern, in-hospital admission, complications, and outcome of older trauma patients.

Methods

A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Quebec Trauma Registry. Patients aged ≥16 years admitted to one of the three adult level-I trauma centers between 2003 and 2017 were included. Descriptive analyses and trend-tests were performed to describe temporal changes.

Results

A total of 53,324 patients were included, and 24,822 were aged ≥65 years. The median [IQR] age increased from 57[36–77] to 67[46–82] years, and the proportion of older adults rose from 41.8% in 2003 to 54.1% in 2017. Among those, falls remain the main mechanism (84.7%-88.3%), and the proportion of severe thorax (+8.9%), head (+8.7%), and spine (+5%) injuries significantly increased over time. The proportion of severely injured older patients almost doubled (17.6%-32.3%), yet their mortality decreased (-1.0%). Their average annual bed-days consumption also increased (+15,004 and +1,437 in non-intensive care wards and ICU, respectively).

Conclusions

Since 2014, older adults have represented the majority of admissions in Level-I trauma centers in Québec. Their bed-days consumption has greatly increased, and their injury pattern and severity have deeply evolved, while we showed a decrease in mortality.
Prevalence of birth injuries and associated factors among newborns delivered in public hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021. Crossectional study
Authors: Tibebu Esubalew Amsalu , Desta Kalkidan Wondwossen , Ashagre Feven Mulugeta , Jemberu Asegedech Asmamaw
Published: January 2023

Background

Birth injury is harm that a baby suffers during the entire birth process. It includes both birth asphyxia and birth trauma. In Ethiopia, birth injury has become the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, accounting around 28%-31.6% of neonatal mortality. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with birth injuries among newborns delivered in public hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.

Methods

Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 15th to April 20th, 2021 in selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Random sampling and systematic random sampling were used. Data was entered by using Epi data version 4.0.2 and exported in to SPSS Software version 25 for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions analyses were used. Finally P-value <0.05 was used to claim statistically significant.

Result

The prevalence of birth injury was 24.7%. In the final model, birth asphyxia was significantly associated with the short height of the mothers (AOR = 10.7, 95% CI: 3.59–32.4), intrapartal fetal distress (AOR = 4.74, 95% CI: 1.81–12.4), cord prolapse (AOR = 7.7. 95% CI: 1.45–34.0), tight nuchal cord (AOR = 9.2. 95% CI: 4.9–35.3), birth attended by residents (AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05–0.68), male sex (AOR = 3.84, 95% CI: 1.30–11.3) and low birth weight (AOR = 5.28, 95% CI: 1.58–17.6). Whereas, birth trauma was significantly associated with gestational diabetic mellitus (AOR = 5.01, 95% CI: 1.38–18.1), prolonged duration of labor (AOR = 3.74, 95% CI: 1.52–9.20), instrumental delivery (AOR = 10.6, 95% CI: 3.45–32.7) and night time birth (AOR = 4.82, 95% CI: 1.84–12.6).

Conclusion

The prevalence of birth injury among newborns has continued to increases and become life-threatening issue in the delivery and neonatal intensive care unit in the study area. Therefore, considering the prevailing factors, robust effort has to be made to optimize the quality obstetric care and follow up and emergency obstetrics team has to be strengthened to reduce the prevalence of birth injury.
‘The future was over’: Memory, meaning and temporality in Go, Went, Gone
Authors: Hawkes Jessica
Published: January 2023

Using Thing theory and a Marxist analysis of temporality, I show how identity formation in Erpenbeck’s novel relies on objects and a person’s ability to work, demonstrating how the dehumanizing effects of capitalism not only impact the asylum seekers in the novel, but its German characters as well. Although characters fight against dehumanization, Erpenbeck’s novel demonstrates that the only hope for the future lies in systemic change. Although the majority of scholarship on Go, Went, Gone reads it through the lens of Europe’s refugee crisis, I argue that Erpenbeck contextualizes the crisis, situating it in a dehumanizing capitalist system fraught with internal contradictions to show the true crisis is not an influx of migrants, but the failure of the German political and economic systems to account for them.
Migrant Representations: Life Story, Investigation, Picture, Peter Leese (2022)
Authors: Zitouni Khaoula
Published: January 2023

Review of: Migrant Representations: Life Story, Investigation, Picture, Peter Leese (2022)

Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 290 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-48750-316-1, h/bk, £95.00
Design, Synthesis of Some New Scaffolds based on
Pyrrolyl-Pyridines as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Mallisetty Naga Mohan , Ganipisetti Hanumantharao , Majhi Debendra , Kumar Putta Venkata Nagendra
Published: January 2023

Pyrrolyl-pyridine heterocyclic compounds have received considerable attention because of its unique
bioisosteric properties and an unusually wide spectrum of biological activities. Thus, it is a perfect
framework for the synthesis of novel C–N, C–C bond formations like 5-substituted-1-benzyl-1Hpyrrolo[
2,3-b]pyridines (3), 2-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenol (5) and screened for their
anticancer activity. The synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, mass
spectral techniques and elemental analysis. The outcomes of these compounds 2,6-difluorobenzylpyrrolidin-
1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine, 2,6-difluorobenzyl-N,N-dimethyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]-pyridin-5-amine
had a signicant anticancer activity against human cervical cancer cell line (Hela) with IC50 4.8, 9.7
μg/mL and whereas pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-phenol, pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-vinylphenol are active
against human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) with IC50 8.1, 3.2 μg/mL, respectively.
Production of Biodiesel in the Presence of Co-Solvents in Transesterification: A Review
Authors: Viraj Miyuranga K.A. , Arachchige Udara S.P.R. , Balasuriya B.M.C.M. , Jayasinghe R.A. , Weerasekara N.A.
Published: January 2023

Consumption of fossil fuels has resulted in several economic and environmental consequences,
prompting a quest for renewable energy sources rather than a reliance on fossil fuels. Biodiesel is a
renewable source of energy that can be substituted for fossil fuel-based diesel fuel. Transesterification
is the most economically viable way of producing biodiesel. However, the biodiesel manufacturing
method based on transesterification has a disadvantage due to the immiscibility of the two key reactants,
alcohol and oil, which results in a mass transfer resistance and reduces biodiesel yield. Several
researchers have investigated using another solvent called a co-solvent to overcome the mass transfer
barrier in the reaction medium. The purpose of this review was to examine the influence of several
co-solvents on biodiesel synthesis that had been previously investigated the research
Effect of Gel Electrolyte, Paste and Electrode on the Efficiency of
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell using Schiff Base Dye Compound
Authors: Sembiring Zipora , Julianti Tri , Luthfi Dwi Saraswati , Agustin Annisa Tri , Bahri Syaiful , Simanjuntak Wasinton , Rinawati Rinawati , Hadi Sutopo
Published: January 2023

The low cost and ease of production have led to widespread adoption of dye-sensitized solar cells
(DSSCs). Therefore, this study aims to synthesize Schiff base compounds from salicylaldehyde and
ethylenediamine as a sensitizer in DSSC. The Shiff base compound was synthesized using the
condensation method with mol ratio of 1:1 and the results showed yellow crystals with a yield of
81.14%. Furthermore, the UV-Vis spectrometer analysis showed that the Schiff base compound has
bathochromic shift with a maximum wavelength change from 324 and 328 nm to 335 nm with transition
n→π, while the IR spectrum at wavenumber of 1610 cm-1 indicated the presence of an azomethine group
(–C=N–). The TG-DTA analysis showed a mass loss stage of the Schiff base molecule at 97.2% in the
temperature range of 180-300 ºC. Based on UV-Vis, IR and TG-DTA data, the synthesized Schiff base
has the potential to be used as a sensitizer in DSSC. The fabrication was then carried out using two
variations of semiconductor namely TiO2 and ZnO, three variations of PEG gel electrolyte with 0.05
M, 0.1 M and 0.15 M, as well as three counter electrodes including graphite from a pencil, candle
flame and a combination of both. Based on the results, DSSC based on TiO2 semiconductor with 0.15
M PEG gel electrolyte and candle flame counter electrode produced the highest efficiency of 0.29 %
with maximum voltage (Vmax) of 370 mV and maximum current strength (Imax) of 0.8 mA.