bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real nullstellensatz and *-ideals in *-algebras
Authors: Cimpric J. , Helton J , McCullough S. , Nelson C.
Published: September 2015

For a fixed tuple of square matrices X ={X_1,...,X_g} the set I(X) of all noncommutative polynomials p in X and Xâ such that p(X) = 0 is an ideal in the â-algebra of all polynomials. This article concerns such zeroes and their corresponding ideals. An algebraic characterization of ideals of the form I(X) is a real nullstellensatz. A main result of this article is a strong nullstellensatz for a â-ideal of finite codimension in a â-algebra. Without the finite codimension assumption, there are examples of such ideals which do not satisfy, very liberally interpreted, any Nullstellensatz. A polynomial p in noncommuting variables (x_1,...,x_g,xâ_1,...,x_âg) is called analytic if it is a polynomial in the variables x_j only. As shown in this article, â-ideals generated by analytic polyno-mials do satisfy a natural Nullstellensatz and those generated by homogeneous analytic polynomials have a particularly simple description. Another natural notion of zero of a noncommutative polynomial p is a pair (X, v) such that p(X)v = 0; here X is an n by n matrix tuple and v â R^n. For fixed (X,v), the set of all such polynomials is a left ideal. The relationship between such zeroes and their left ideals is considerably more developed than is our beginning effort here. This article provides a guide to that literature.
Common reducing unitary subspaces and decoherence in quantum systems
Authors: Pastuszak Grzegorz , JamioÅkowski Andrzej
Published: September 2015

Maps of the form Phi(X) =sum_{i=1}^s A_iXA^*, where A_1, . . . ,A_s are fixed complex n by n matrices and X is any complex n by n matrix are used in quantum information theory as representations of quantum channels. This article deals with computable conditions for the existence of decoherence--free subspaces for Phi. Since the definition of decoherence-free subspace for quantum channels relies only on the matrices A1, . . . ,As, the term of common reducing unitary subspace is used instead of the original one. Among the main results of the paper, there are computable conditions for the existence of common eigenvectors. These are related to common reducing unitary subspaces of dimension one. The new results on common eigenvectors provide new effective condition for the existence of common invariant subspaces of arbitrary dimensions.
Rank drops of recurrence matrices
Authors: Bozlee Sebastian
Published: September 2015

A recurrence matrix is a matrix whose terms are sequential members of a linear homogeneous recurrence sequence of order k and whose dimensions are both greater than or equal to k. In this paper, the ranks of recurrence matrices are determined. In particular, it is shown that the rank of such a matrix differs from the previously found upper bound of k in only two situations: When (a_j) satisfies a recurrence relation of order less than k, and when the nth powers of distinct eigenvalues of (a_j ) coincide.
Reviews Books
Authors: Boyd Gregory , Kouchakji Kristi , Norton Bryan , Okuyama Chika , Sherry Joseph
Published: September 2015

Hitchcock's Partner in Suspense: The Life of Screenwriter Charles Bennett, John Charles Bennett, (2014) Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 279pp., ISBN: 9780813144498 (hbk), $40.00

Creating the Witness: Documenting Genocide on Film, Video, and the Internet, Leshu Torchin, (2012) Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 296pp., ISBN: 978081667623 (pbk), $25.00 , ISBN: 9780816676224 (hbk), $75.00

Subjective Realist Cinema: From Expressionism to Inception, Matthew Campora, (2014) New York: Berghahn, 160pp., ISBN: 2013023314 (hbk), $49.95

China's iGeneration: Cinema and Moving Image Culture for the Twenty-First Century, Matthew D. Johnson, Keith B. Wagner, Tianqi Yu, and Luke Vulpiani (eds), (2014) London: Bloomsbury Books, 368pp., ISBN: 9781623565944 (hbk), $140.00, ISBN: 9781623565954 (eBook), $125.99

Saying It With Songs: Popular Music and the Coming of Sound to Hollywood Cinema, Katherine Spring, (2013) New York: Oxford University Press, 229pp., ISBN: 0199842221 (pbk), $29.95, ISBN: 9780199842221 (hbk), $99.00
Validation of a Non-Targeted LC-MS Approach for Identifying Ancient Proteins: Method Development on Bone to Improve Artifact Residue Analysis
Authors: Barker Andrew , Dombrosky Jonathan , Chaput Dale , Venbles Barney , Wolverton Steve , Stevens Stanley M.
Published: September 2015

Identification of protein residues from prehistoric cooking pottery using mass spectrometry is challenging because proteins are removed from original tissues, are degraded from cooking, may be poorly preserved due to diagenesis, and occur in a palimpsest of exogenous soil proteins. In contrast, bone proteins are abundant and well preserved. This research is part of a larger method-development project for innovation and improvement of liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry analysis of protein residues from cooking pottery; here we validate the potential of our extraction and characterization approach via application to ancient bone proteins. Because of its preservation potential for proteins and given that our approach is destructive, ancient bone identified via skeletal morphology represents an appropriate verification target. Proteins were identified from zooarchaeological turkey (Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus Phasianidae), rabbit (Lagomorpha), and squirrel (Sciuridae) remains excavated from ancient pueblo archaeological sites in southwestern Colorado using a non-targeted LC-MS/MS approach. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium with the dataset identifier PXD002440. Improvement of highly sensitive targeted LC-MS/MS approaches is an avenue for future method development related to the study of protein residues from artifacts such as stone tools and pottery.
Uma proposta de estrutura e utilização do gerenciamento de processos de negócio (BPM)
Authors: Kluska Rafael Araujo , Lima Edson Pinheiro de , Costa Sergio Eduardo Gouvêa da
Published: September 2015

Os Processos organizacionais, também chamados de processos de negócio, tornaram-se estruturas fundamentais para o gerenciamento das organizações modernas. Segundo alguns autores, conhecer o fluxo de trabalho das organizações é uma condição necessária para o desenvolvimento de processos de melhoria contínua. São evidentes os benefícios e vantagens proporcionados pela utilização de uma abordagem fundamentada no gerenciamento de processos BPM (Business Process Management). Dentre os benefícios, são apontados ganhos de eficiência, qualidade e flexibilidade, além de outros aspectos para que se criem vantagens competitivas sustentáveis. Há na literatura de BPM estudos abrangentes sobre o tema, no qual pode-se observar diversas definições e elementos que caracterizam as diferentes aplicações. O objetivo deste artigo é propor um framework conceitual de interligação entre os elementos BPM, buscando um melhor entendimento sobre os processos organizacionais e atuação no ambiente da gestão organizacional. São realizados estudos exploratórios de identificação e classificação de elementos BPM. Para analisar as interligações entre eles realizou-se uma revisão da literatura e desenvolveu-se um estudo sobre a utilização profissional do BPM. Como resultados é apresentado um conjunto de elementos BPM na forma de: metodologias, técnicas e ferramentas que compõem ou possam ser ligados de forma funcional à estrutura conceitual do BPM. Com esta pesquisa é possível afirmar que os resultados da aplicação do BPM não se limitam à busca do aumento de eficiência operacional, podendo também ser considerado elemento chave de suporte à gestão organizacional.
Análise do risco ergonômico lombar de trabalhadores da construção civil através do método NIOSH
Authors: Pereira Cinara Caetano , Debiase Déborah Figueiró , Farias Joni Márcio de , Madeira Kristian , Longen Willians Cassiano
Published: September 2015

O trabalho na construção civil conta com tarefas diretamente ligadas ao transporte manual de cargas. Um dos segmentos corporais que sofre maior exigência em trabalhos com estas características é o segmento lombar da coluna vertebral. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar o grau de risco lombar dos trabalhadores da construção civil nas atividades de carregamento de materiais. A amostra foi composta por 74 trabalhadores da construção civil. Foram utilizados como instrumento de pesquisa: o método NIOSH para verificação risco lombar expresso pelo Limite de Peso Recomendado (LPR) e pelo Índice de Levantamento (IL), a Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) para avaliação da intensidade da dor, o e-Corlett 1.0 para o mapeamento do quadro álgico e a escala de Borg para a percepção subjetiva da intensidade do esforço físico. Identificou-se o Limite de Peso (LP) de 8,707 para a atividade de manejo das sacas de cimento e de 8,194 para a carga dos carrinhos de mão utilizados. Estes achados mostram-se 6 vezes abaixo dos pesos reais manipulados durante as atividades que giram em torno de 50 kg com as sacas de cimento e em média 49,72 kg dos carrinhos com massa. As dimensões encontradas na pesquisa mostram-se de alto risco ergonômico para a região lombar, sendo que medidas de reconfiguração dos locais de trabalho e exploração de dispositivos auxiliares para levantamento, transporte e descarregamento são fundamentais, além da necessidade de reflexão acerca dos atuais problemas logísticos que induzem as empresas produtoras de cimento a fornecerem as sacas com 50 kg.
Editorial
Authors: Campos Lucila Maria de Souza , Frazzon Enzo Morosini
Published: September 2015

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“Yes/No/Not Right Now”: Yes/No Response Formats Can Increase Response Rates Even in Non-Forced-Choice Settings
Authors: Putnam-Farr Eleanor , Riis Jason
Published: September 2015

Although yes/no response formats have been used to increase enrollment rates in several different types of programs, their effectiveness has generally been tested in forced-choice settings. The effects on postchoice engagement have not been measured. Across two field experiments in an e-mail context in which choice is not forced, the authors demonstrate a substantial advantage in click-through rates for a yes/no response format over traditional opt-in response formats. The increase in click-through rate does, under certain conditions, also persist through downstream program enrollment and participation. Finally, though noting that the yes/no format advantage is probably multidetermined, the authors discuss several potential psychological mechanisms, which are particularly relevant in non-forced-choice settings. The authors also discuss how the yes/no response format might operate in other settings, such as the implementation of mandated choice for organ donation.
The Current State of Counternarcotics Policy and Drug Reform Debates in Myanmar
Authors: Kramer Tom
Published: September 2015

Myanmar is the world’s second largest producer of opium after Aghanistan. Following a decade of decline, cultivation has more than doubled since 2006. The production and use of amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) is also rising. Most of the opium is turned into heroin and exported via neighboring countries, especially to China. Decades of civil war and military rule have stimulated drug production and consumption, and marginalized ethnic communities. Myanmar has high levels of injecting drug users infected with HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C. Drug policies in Myanmar are repressive and outdated, with an ineffective focus on arresting drug users and eradicating poppy fields. The central government is unable to provide quality treatment for drug users. Past political repression and human rights violations by the military government caused an international boycott which prevented international donors from providing assistance. The reform process by the new quasi-civilian government includes both a peace process to end the civil war and a review of the country’s drug laws, raising hope for more effective and humane drug policies.
Crystal structure of 3-(benzoylamino)azepan-2-one, C13H16N2O2
Authors: Li Xiao-Lin , Fang Zheng , Zhang Feng , Wang Meng-Xue , Guo Kai
Published: September 2015

C13H16N2O2, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.488(2) Å, b = 9.633(2) Å, c = 16.933(3) Å, V = 1221.4 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0671, wRref(F2) = 0.1661, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of tetra-aqua-bis(µ2-thiophene-3,4-dicarboxylato-κ4O,O’:O’’,O’’’)-bis(thiophene-3-carboxyl-4-carboxylato-κ1O)-bis(1,10- phenantroline-κ2N,N’)disamarium(III), C24H17N2O10S2Sm
Authors: Chen Shi-Jun , Li Shi-Hui
Published: September 2015

C24H17N2O10S2Sm, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 10.135(5) Å, b = 10.697(5) Å, c = 11.823(7) Å, ɑ = 94.676(5)°, β = 98.927(5)°, γ = 101.736(4)°, V = 1231.3 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0184, wRref(F2) = 0.0455, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 3-bromo-4,6-dibenzyloxy-2-hydroxy acetophenone, C22H19BrO4
Authors: Hill Tania N. , Kuo Chen-Miao , Bezuidenhoudt Barend C. B.
Published: September 2015

C22H19BrO4, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 8.550(2) Å, b = 11.343(2) Å, c = 11.715(2) Å, ɑ = 102.02(3)°, β = 110.47(3)°, γ = 110.84(3)°, V = 920.2 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0368, wRref(F2) = 0.099, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of 3,5-bis(imidazole-1-yl)pyridine, C11H9N5
Authors: Hongyan Zhou
Published: September 2015

C11H9N5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.15(1) Å, b = 3.783(3) Å, c = 18.09(2) Å, β = 92.28(2)°, V = 968.0 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0517, wRref(F2) = 0.1504, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of [bis(benzimidazol-2-yl-methyl)amine-κ3N,N',N''] phthalato-κ2O,O' copper(II) — methanol— water (1:1:2), C25H27CuN5O7
Authors: Su Guo-Hua , Liu Yan-Peng , Chen Xuan , Nie Feng-Mei
Published: September 2015

C25H27CuN5O7, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.3812(6) Å, b = 11.3399(6) Å, c = 13.0957(8) Å, α = 81.654(8)°, β = 71.623(6)°, γ = 69.745(6)°, V = 1239.3 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0361, wRref(F2) = 0.0830, T = 99 K.
Crystal structure of trans-diaquabis(salicylaldehydato-κ2O,O') cobalt(II), C14H14CoO6
Authors: Diao Haipeng , Liu Wen , Zhou Min , Jia Bin , Xie Jun , Wang Haojiang , Sun Tijian
Published: September 2015

C14H14CoO6, monoclinic, C2/m (no. 12), a = 7.3910(5) Å, b = 7.4029(6) Å, c = 13.012(1) Å, β = 90.573(1)°, V = 711.9 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0373, wRref(F2) = 0.1026, T = 298 K.
Crystal structure of poly[[µ2-1,2-benzenedicarboxylato-κ4O,O':O'',O''']- [µ2-2-((1H-imidazol-1-yl)-6-methyl)-1H-benzoimidazole-κ2N:N']- cadmium(II)], C20H15CdN4O4
Authors: Liang Zhen , Jian Shou-Jun , Zhou Jin-Huan , Yang Huai-Xia
Published: September 2015

C20H15CdN4O4, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.927(2) Å, b = 9.970(2) Å, c = 11.046(2) Å, ɑ = 80.94(3)°, β = 75.54(3)°, γ = 68.27(3)°, V = 980.8(3) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0281, wRref(F2) = 0.0703, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[diaqua-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-acrylate-κ2O,O'-bis(κ2O,O')-1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene-κ2N:N'nickel(II)] 3-(4- fluoro-phenyl)-acrylate, C30H26F2N2NiO6
Authors: Kang Hai-Xia , Duan Yu-Hao , Yang Rui-Juan , Fu Yu-Qin
Published: September 2015

C30H26F2N2NiO6, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 16.6375(6) Å, b = 6.7702(3) Å, c = 25.352(1) Å, β = 105.390(1)°, V = 2753.2 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0325, wRref(F2) = 0.0781, T = 296 K.
Reasons for Rehospitalization in Children Who Had Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Uebel Hannah , Wright Ian M. , Burns Lucy , Hilder Lisa , Bajuk Barbara , Breen Courtney , Abdel-Latif Mohamed E. , Feller John M. , Falconer Janet , Clews Sarah , Eastwood John , Oei Ju Lee
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) occurs after in utero exposure to opioids, but outcomes after the postnatal period are unclear. Our objectives were to characterize childhood hospitalization after NAS.

METHODS:

Population-based linkage study of births, hospitalization, and death records of all children registered in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, between 2000 and 2011 to a maximum of 13 years. Infants with an International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Problems, 10th Edition, Australian Modification, coding of NAS (P96.1, n = 3842) were compared with 1 018 421 live born infants without an NAS diagnosis.

RESULTS:

Infants with NAS were more likely to be admitted into a nursery (odds ratio 15.6, 95% confidence interval: 14.5–16.8) and be hospitalized longer (10.0 vs 3.0 days). In childhood, they were more likely to be rehospitalized (1.6, 1.5–1.7), die during hospitalization (3.3, 2.1–5.1), and be hospitalized for assaults (15.2, 11.3–20.6), maltreatment (21.0, 14.3–30.9), poisoning (3.6, 2.6–4.8), and mental/behavioral (2.6, 2.1–3.2) and visual (2.9, 2.5-3.5) disorders. Mothers of infants with NAS were more likely to be Indigenous (6.4, 6.0–7.0), have no antenatal care (6.6, 5.9–7.4), and be socioeconomically deprived (1.6, 1.5–1.7). Regression analyses demonstrated that NAS was the most important predictor of admissions for maltreatment (odds ratio 4.5, 95% confidence interval: 3.4–6.1) and mental and behavioral disorders (2.3, 1.9–2.9), even after accounting for prematurity, maternal age, and Indigenous status.

CONCLUSIONS:

Children with NAS are more likely to be rehospitalized during childhood for maltreatment, trauma, and mental and behavioral disorders even after accounting for prematurity. This continues to adolescence and emphasizes the critical need for continued support of this vulnerable group after resolution of NAS.
Sudden Infant Death With Area Postrema Lesion Likely Due to Wrong Use of Insecticide
Authors: Lavezzi Anna M. , Cappiello Achille , Termopoli Veronica , Bonoldi Emanuela , Matturri Luigi
Published: September 2015

We report a noteworthy case of a 7-month-old infant who suddenly and unexpectedly died during her sleep. After a complete postmortem examination, review of the clinical history, and detailed death scene investigation, the death remained unexplained, leading to a diagnosis of sudden infant death syndrome. However, an extensive review of the brainstem neuropathology revealed a severe alteration in the area postrema (a highly vascular structure lying at the base of the fourth ventricle outside of the blood-brain barrier). The alteration was likely due to massive and repeated to a common household insecticide in the last few weeks of life. These results provide an explanation for this sudden infant death, allowing a differential diagnosis from sudden infant death syndrome.
Family Experience and PICU Death: A Meta-Synthesis
Authors: Butler Ashleigh E. , Hall Helen , Willetts Georgina , Copnell Beverley
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The PICU is the most common site for inpatient pediatric deaths worldwide. The impact of this clinical context on family experiences of their child’s death is unclear. The objective of the study was to review and synthesize the best available evidence exploring the family experience of the death of their child in the PICU.

METHODS:

Studies were retrieved from CINAHL Plus, OVID Medline, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Embase. Gray literature was retrieved from greylit.com, opengrey.edu, Trove, Worldcat, and Google scholar. Study selection was undertaken by 4 reviewers by using a multistep screening process, based on a previously developed protocol (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews 2015:CRD42015017463). Data was extracted as first-order constructs (direct quotes) or second-order constructs (author interpretations) onto a predeveloped extraction tool. Data were analyzed by thematic synthesis.

RESULTS:

One main theme and 3 subthemes emerged. “Reclaiming parenthood” encompasses the ways in which the parental role is threatened when a child is dying in the PICU, with the subthemes “Being a parent in the PICU,” “Being supported,” and “Parenting after death” elucidating the ways parents work to reclaim this role. The review is limited by a language bias, and by the limitations of the primary studies.

CONCLUSIONS:

When a child dies in a PICU, many aspects of the technology, environment, and staff actions present a threat to the parental role both during and after the child’s death. Reclaiming this role requires support from health care providers and the wider community.
Хореографическое образование в России первой половины XIX в.: специализированная образовательная модель
Authors: Filanovskaya Tatyana
Published: September 2015

Рассматривается второй этап развития профессионального хореографического образования в России: с начала до середины XIX века, в контексте культурной эпохи романтизма. Определены особенные и универсальные характеристики образовательной модели специализированного типа, выявлен комплекс социокультурных факторов, формирующих и поддерживающих изменения в хореографическом образовании, а также механизмы, реализующие эти изменения.
Prozedurbasierte Assistenzsysteme
Authors: Schüller Andreas , Epple Ulrich
Published: September 2015

Die Verwendung von Assistenzsystemen gewinnt in immer mehr Bereichen an Bedeutung, da verschiedene Faktoren für eine immer stärkere Belastung der Anlagenfahrer sorgen. Eine wesentliche Aufgabe von Assistenzsystemen ist es, dem Anlagenfahrer Entscheidungsalternativen anzubieten. Die Entwicklung von situationsabhängigen Lösungsvorschlägen ist eine schwierige Aufgabe. In vielen Fällen erweisen sich rigorose Strategien zur modellbasierten Lösungssynthese als zu aufwendig und nicht praktikabel. Im Beitrag wird beschrieben, wie mit dem Konzept des fallbasierten Schließens dem Anlagenfahrer Entscheidungsvorschläge bereitgestellt werden können. Bei der Anwendung des fallbasierten Schließens in der Prozessführung ist die Kenntnis der Prozedurabläufe und des aktuellen Prozedurzustands von zentraler Bedeutung. Ein Assistenzsystem muss dazu über eine Prozedurdatenbank mit einer einheitlichen erkundbaren Beschreibung von Prozeduren verfügen. Auf Basis dieser Prozedurtypen und der archivierten und bewerteten Verläufe kann das Assistenzsystem mit dem Konzept des fallbasierten Schließens dem Anlagenfahrer Handlungsoptionen aufzeigen und Empfehlungen geben.
Fahrzeugendkontrolle mittels Smartglasses optimieren
Authors: Rauh Sebastian , Meixner Gerrit , Bolch Stephan
Published: September 2015

Zur Funktions- und Qualitätssicherung im Rahmen der Fahrzeugproduktion kommt es nach der Endmontage zur Fahrzeugendkontrolle. Die dort beschäftigten Mitarbeiter benötigen ein hohes Maß an Mobilität, das heute beispielsweise durch mobile Handterminals oder mittels Papierdokumentation zur Arbeitsanweisung und -dokumentation realisiert wird. Hierbei muss der Mitarbeiter das entsprechende Medium jedoch für einige Tätigkeiten regelmäßig ablegen. Der Beitrag beschreibt, wie durch den Einsatz von Google Glass in zwei prototypischen Anwendungsbereichen erreicht wird, dass die Mitarbeiter fast zu jeder Zeit beide Hände zum Arbeiten frei haben.
Educational Need Assessment of the Staffs in the Area of Education at the University of Tarbyat Modarres
Authors: Hoseini Tahereh , Taghizadeh Mohamad Ehsan , Sarmadi Mohamad Reza
Published: September 2015

The fundamental goal of this article was to identify and prioritize educational need assessment of the University of Tarbyat Modarres' staffs. The research methodology was in form of field and library studies and the type of research fell under the survey and descriptive category. The research universe included educational staffs of 7 faculties and educational deputyship of the University. The members of the statistical sample population amounted to 120 people where the questionnaire was distributed and collected among 85 people of whom in form of sample available. The research tool was a researcher made questionnaire with a Cronbach's alpha of %86 along with 36 items which was used on the 4 value Lickert scale. The statistical method applied in this research included descriptive and inferential statistics where in the descriptive statistics, tables and graphs of frequency and percentages were used while in the inferential statistics, variance analysis and the student t test were utilized in order to prioritize staff's educational needs. Research findings based on 6 research questions could be inferred to say that the Educational need assessment of the staffs had had a medium impact in fulfillment of the University's educational goals (t value: -1/423). Priority of staff's educational needs in the area of education was respectively as follows: managerial courses (knowledge, time and development and ...); professional ethics courses and human relations; IT skills and Foreign languages courses (t value:-1/423). Considering results we can state the educational need assessment had left a medium effect on increasing of professional efficiency and ability of the staffs (t value: 0/296). Experts also maintain that educational need assessment does not conform to the educational level (t value:-3/96) and their organizational positions (t value:-8/637) and in the end, educational courses were not either designed or implemented based on staff's educational needs (t value: -6/463). No significant relationship was either found between job records a d organizational positions and the experts' response to none of the research questions.
A Semantical Interpretation of the Post-Electoral Newspaper Reporting in Gaining the Legitimacy from the Citizens: A Case Study of the Newspaper Articles Headlines during the Post-Electoral Period
Authors: Wan Shaharuddin Wan Yusoff , See Soo Yin
Published: September 2015

This qualitative study focuses on the semantical interpretation of the post-electoral newspaper reporting in gaining the legitimacy from the citizens. The study is being addressed through two research questions: 1) what are the semantical interpretation of the newspaper articles’ headlines in the mainstream and the oppositions’ newspapers? 2) What are the issues highlighted in the newspaper during the post-electoral period of the 13th General Election? The data for the entire research were obtained through the mainstream newspapers which are Utusan Malaysia, Kosmo and Harian Metro and also the opposition’s newspaper represented by Harakah. The data were also collected based on the newspapers that were published after the Election Day has ended. However, the newspapers were not collected daily as the researcher has chosen a few newspapers that contained the traits of having portrayed electoral campaign. The data were analysed using the thematic analysis by deriving themes from the content analysis of the newspapers. The findings were divided into two sections which are semantical interpretations of newspaper articles’ headlines during post-electoral period and issues highlighted in the political campaigns. The researcher has come to a conclusion that both mainstream and opposition based newspapers were portraying improper political headlines during the post-electoral period.
The Comparison of Subjectivism in Idealism with the Suhrawardi's Subjectivism
Authors: Alizade Reza , Sarmadi Mohammad Reza
Published: September 2015

This article aims to compare the subjectivism in the school of idealism with the Suhrawardi's school by using the qualitative research method with the content analysis style and came to the conclusion that idealism which is being considered as a part of existence philosophy is an extremist introspection (subjectivism) that the person abandon the evidences across (through) his/her life without any kinds of mass communication with the external world. This individual sinks in his isolation and the possibility of any connection with the surrounded world id unattainable for him, but Suhrawardi believes in the mind however wisdom is not the only source of knowledge and cognition, he believes in the mysticism in this respect that considers the discovery, intuition and illumination as the most noble and dignified stage of cognition. Suhrawardi called his ontology "Noor-al-Noor" (the absolute light and illumination). Because all objects are appeared with the light so naturally they should be defined by the light (illumination). "Noor-al-Noor" or "the absolute illumination" is the absolute existence, and all creatures have their existence from this source and the existential universe is nothing far from the varying (different) degrees of the lightness and darkness. For this reason, the creatures' hierarchy is depending on their proximity (propinquity) with the "Noor-al-Noor".
Social Investments as a Tool for Increasing the Social Capital of the Company
Authors: Brezhneva-Yermolenko Olga
Published: September 2015

The attention is focused on issues of social capital enterprises as part of the post-Soviet space required to improve management and innovation, sustainable development and economic security. Reveals that social capital reduces turbulence, risk and uncertainty within the company and partially in the environment.Found that at the present stage of social investment of domestic enterprises their investments are more aimed at implementing internal programs that aim to develop their own human capital, resource and needs of employees. The lion's share of them occupy the program "baseline" level of social investment, covering the payment of contributions for compulsory social programs and private health insurance spending to ensure proper working conditions, training and educational programs for employees. However, in post-Soviet countries are still lacking professional business associations with social responsibility.The necessity of strengthening social investment modern enterprises to build social capital, and outlined challenges for the development of the social investment in Ukraine such as the lack of a common awareness of social investments, unsystematic approach to social investment, lack of generally accepted standards of public social reporting companies.In terms of permanent changes in the economy post-Soviet countries there is a need to develop effective methods of evaluating the impact of social investment on the development of social capital in domestic enterprises and finding ways to optimize the management of all components of social capital.
Influence of Migration in Women Emancipation - Case Study from Kosovan Albanian Diaspora
Authors: Dushi Mimoza
Published: September 2015

In many undeveloped Mediterranean countries with few occupational possibilities, international migration from late 1960’s become a matter of government policy, frequently through bilateral agreements for guest workers. Initially part of these agreements were only men, who migrated toward European counties as seasonal workers. This type of migration created attitudes among the Albanian population in Kosovo that international migrations are mainly for men. However, being in such places with high employment opportunities, profits and life standard, many of them decided to continue living in host countries, bringing thus their family members along. This move gave the to the Kosovar Albanian women opportunity to become part of host societies and possibility to Albanian population to understand that migration as a right which belong to both genders’ equally.Initially, migrated women who joined their husbands came mainly from rural and low educated families and were personally and mentally unprepared for a new life in an alien environment. Even though their integration into host societies was challenge for them, we argue that migration has affected their status and family life, as well. By entering into a wage earning production process they become more independent and active in family decision processes, families became egalitarian, relations between family members became more open and their social networks were expanding. Additionally, recent female migrants are more open into integration processes. They are showing interest for involvement into labor market and educational processes, meaning that beside job, they tend to ensure the position at profession, as well.These criteria of emancipation we will prove by using ethnographic research technique, which implies the collection and analysis of detailed in-depth interviews (life stories) of Kosovan Albanian migrants in Germany and Switzerland. By women’s narratives, through which they express themselves, will draw a conclusion about integration strategies and way of living in host societies. While, the husbands and children’s narratives will be used to prove the changes in their family life.
ESTADO DE NATUREZA E INFÂNCIA: APROXIMAÇÕES ENTRE CONCEITOS ROUSSEAUNIANOS * STATE OF NATURE AND CHILDHOOD: APPROACHES BETWEEN ROUSSEAU’S CONCEPTS
Authors: Santiago Derick Casagrande
Published: September 2015

Resumo: O presente artigo objetiva-se a uma reflexão acerca das aproximações ent re os conceitos de estado de natureza e infância elaborados por Rousseau . Além de indicar a relação existente entre suas obras, evidencia-se que a centralidade de seu pensamento consiste no homem e em sua sociabilidade, demonstrando a complementariedade entre os escritos filosófico-políticos e pedagógico. Para mostrar que as características e os sentimentos constitutivos do homem em seu estado de natureza estão presentes, analogamente, na infância, a exposição está estruturada nas descrições do recurso metodológico empregado por Rousseau; na convergência das características e dos sentimentos da fase do gênero e da vida humana e, por fim, no processo de transição do estado de natureza ao estado civil e da infância à fase adulta.

Palavras-chave: Estado de natureza; Infância; Rousseau; Educação.

Abstract: This paper aims to reflect on the similarities between the concepts of state of nature and childhood elaborated by Rousseau. In addition to indicate the relationship between their works, it is evident that the centrality of his thought is the man and his sociability, demonstrating the complementarity between the philosophical-political and pedagogical writings. To show that the characteristics and constitutive feelings of man in his state of nature are present, analogously, in childhood, the exhibition is structured in the descriptions of the methodological approach employed by Rousseau; in the convergence of characteristics and feelings of gender and stage of human life and, finally, in the process of transition from the state of nature to the civil state and from childhood to adulthood.

Keywords: State of nature; Childhood; Rousseau; Education.
FORMAÇÃO HISTÓRICA EM ALUNOS DO ENSINO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS: UMA ABORDAGEM EM COGNIÇÃO HISTÓRICA SITUADA * HISTORICAL FORMATION AMONG STUDENTS OF YOUTH AND ADULTS EDUCATION: AN APPROACH IN SITUATED HISTORICAL COGNITION
Authors: Scheiner Livia Mauricio
Published: September 2015

Resumo: O presente artigo tem por objetivo problematizar o ensino de História na Educação de Jovens e Adultos, através do paradigma epistemológico denominado cognição histórica situada. Este envolve a categoria de formação histórica e seus princípios cognitivos: experiência, interpretação e orientação. Para tanto, apresentamos um estudo de caso feito entre turmas do EJA do Colégio Pedro II, instituição federal de ensino localizada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro cujas experiências pedagógicas são referência para a Educação no Brasil desde 1837.

 Palavras-chave: Ensino de História; Ensino de Jovens e Adultos; Cognição histórica situada; Formação histórica.

 Abstract: This article aims to discuss the teaching of History for young people and adults focusing the epistemological paradigm named situated historical cognition. It involves the category of historical formation and its cognitive principles: experience, interpretation and orientation. To this end, we present a case study done among students of Youth and Adults classes in Colégio Pedro II, a federal school situated in Rio de Janeiro city, whose pedagogical experiences remain as a reference to the Education in Brazil since 1837.

 Keywords: Teaching of History; Teaching of Youth and Adults; Historical cognition; Historical formation.
DEVERES E PÓS-DEVERES: REFLEXÕES SOBRE PROBLEMAS DE COMPORTAMENTO NA ESCOLA * DUTIES AND POST-DUTIES: REFLECTIONS ON BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS IN SCHOOL
Authors: Oliveira Renato José
Published: September 2015

Resumo: Este ensaio tece reflexões que visam a contribuir para a discussão de problemas de comportamento nas escolas de ensino fundamental e de ensino médio, focalizando situações relativas a posturas e atitudes exibidas por alunos. Faz inicialmente uma caracterização das sociedades contemporâneas, contrapondo a visão de alguns autores pós-modernos (Lyotard, Maffesoli e Bauman) à análise desenvolvida por Lipovetsky com base nos conceitos de hipermodernidade e de pós-dever. A partir deste, focaliza a ética do individualismo responsável, a qual se opõe tanto ao individualismo egotista quanto às éticas fundadas sobre uma concepção do dever que exorta à prática do bem, exigindo renúncia e sacrifícios. Os argumentos apresentados são discutidos com o auxílio da teoria da argumentação de Perelman e OlbrechtsTyteca, a qual se apóia em um modelo de racionalidade que permite tratar o discurso de outrem como problema, sugerindo novas interpretações e propondo questionamentos.

Palavras-chave: Pós-dever; Argumentação; Ética na escola.

Abstract: This essay presents reflections with de aim of contributing to the discussion of behavior problems in elementary schools and middle schools, focusing on situations relating to postures and attitudes displayed by students It makes an initial characterization of contemporary societies, contrasting vision of some postmodern authors (Lyotard, Maffesoli and Bauman) to the analysis developed by Lipovetsky based on the concepts of hypermodernity and post-duty. From this, focuses on the ethics of responsible individualism, which opposes both the egotistical individualism and the ethics founded on a conception of duty which calls the practice of well, requiring renunciation and sacrifices. The arguments presented are discussed with the aid of argumentation theory developed by Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca, which relies on a model of rationality that allows you to treat the discourse of others as problem, suggesting new interpretations and proposing questions.

Keywords: Post-duty; Argument; Ethics in school.
EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY CONSCIOUSNESS AMONG THE MUSLIMS OF BRITISH INDIA * EDUCAÇÃO E CONSCIÊNCIA DE COMUNIDADE POR ENTRE OS MUÇULMANOS DA ÍNDIA BRITÂNICA
Authors: Mohomed Carimo
Published: September 2015

Abstract: The object of analysis in this article is the Aligarh Movement, which was the base of the movement’s founder and guiding spirit, the influential modernist Sayyid Ahmad Khan (1817-1898), whose project to modernise Muslims was named after a town in the United Provinces that was home to its most important institutions, the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College (later, in 1920, Aligarh Muslim University) and the Muhammadan Educational Conference.

Keywords: Aligarh; Sayyid Ahmad Khan; Muslim League; 19th Century; 20th Century.

Resumo: O objeto de análise neste artigo é o Aligarh Movement, que foi a base do fundador do movimento e espírito orientador, o influente moderninsta Sayyid Ahmad Khan (1817-1898), cujo projeto de modernizar os Muçulmanos foi batizado em honra de uma cidade nas Províncias Unidas e que foi o lar para as suas mais importantes instituições, o Muhammadan AngloOriental College (posteriormente, em 1920, a Aligarh Muslim University) e a Muhammadan Educational Conference.

Palavras-chave: Aligarh; Sayyid Ahmad Khan; Liga Muçulmana; Século XIX; Século XX.
PAPÉIS ESQUECIDOS: O COTIDIANO DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO ESCOLAR ATRAVÉS DO RELATÓRIO DE ATIVIDADE DE 1941 * FORGOTTEN PAPERS: THE EVERYDAY LIFE OF A SCHOOL INSTITUTION THROUGH ACTIVITY REPORT OF 1941
Authors: Santana Josineide Siqueira
Published: September 2015

Resumo: Este artigo investiga as práticas educativas e o cotidiano escolar no Orfanato de São Cristóvão (atual Lar da Imaculada Conceição), fundado em 1911 para amparar meninas órfãs. As concepções da Cultura Escolar inspiraram este trabalho que pretende conhecer aspectos dessa casa de educação e sua contribuição para a História da Educação Feminina em Sergipe. A partir do Relatório de Atividades enviado pelo Frei Eusébio Walter , diretor do Orfanato de São Cristóvão, ao Interventor Federal em Sergipe , Capitão Milton Pereira de Azevedo, em 1941, percebemos os aspectos da instituição: composição da diretoria, organização curricular e a instrução escolar, condições sanitárias, atividades extra curriculares, comemorações e lazer. Para a realização desta pesquisa foram consultados arquivos públicos e privados e algumas fontes, tais como: relatório de atividades de 1941, depoimento escrito e bibliografia especializada.

Palavras-chave: Relatório; orfanato; educação feminina.

Abstract: This study investigate the educational practices and school everyday at Orphanage of São Cristóvão (Current Home of the Imaculada Conceição), founded in 1911 to support orphans girls. Conceptions of School Culture inspired this work we want to know aspects of home education and its contribution to the History of Women's Education in Sergipe. From the Activity Report sent by religious Eusebio Walter, Director of the Orphanage of São Cristóvão, to the Federal Interventor in Sergipe, Captain Milton Pereira de Azevedo in 1941, we can see aspects of the institution: the composition of the board, organization of curriculum, organization of schooling, health conditions, extra curricular activities, celebrations, and leisure. For this research were consulted public and private archives and sources such as: Activity Report of 1941, written statements and specialized bibliography.

Keywords: Report; orphanage; feminine education.
Predictors of Breastfeeding Attitudes Among College-Educated African Americans
Authors: Jefferson Urmeka T.
Published: September 2015

Breastfeeding initiation among African American women has reached 60%; however, it is the lowest rate among all races. This racial disparity is a public health concern considering the impact of breastfeeding on infant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to explore breastfeeding exposure and determinants of breastfeeding attitudes among African Americans. The theory of planned behavior guided this study focusing on the impact of background factors on determinants of breastfeeding attitudes. This secondary analysis included 348 African American college students with a mean age of 22 years with no children. The Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale and a demographic questionnaire were used to collect data. A significant association between knowing someone who breastfed her infant and being breastfed as an infant (p < .001) was observed. Although gender, education, and breastfeeding exposure explained 15% of the variance in breastfeeding attitudes, being breastfed as an infant had no significant (p = .611) contribution. Breastfeeding exposure to someone who has breastfed her infant is a modifiable factor that influenced positive breastfeeding attitudes. Therefore, it is essential to identify strategies in practice to increase breastfeeding exposure for vulnerable populations in efforts to improve breastfeeding attitudes, intentions, and initiation.
Soybean Quantitative Trait Loci Conditioning Soybean Rust‐Induced Canopy Damage
Authors: Harris Donna K. , Abdel‐Haleem Hussein , Buck James W. , Phillips Daniel V. , Li Zenglu , Boerma H. Roger
Published: September 2015

Soybean rust (SBR) is caused by the fungal pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi and is considered to be the most destructive foliar disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], with soybean yield losses caused by SBR reported to be as high as 80% in severely diseased fields. Studies indicate that most isolates of P. pachyrhizi overcome at least one of the known resistance genes. Therefore, alternative means of controlling SBR such as non‐host‐specific resistance combined with single‐gene resistance could be beneficial in breeding soybean cultivars for SBR resistance. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) conditioning variation in SBR‐induced canopy damage, a ‘Benning’ × PI 416947 recombinant inbred line population was planted for 3 yr under natural and artificial infection with P. pachyrhizi in Attapulgus, GA. Although both Benning and PI 416937 are considered susceptible to SBR (they produced tan lesions when infected with P. pachyrhizi), Benning had a higher canopy severity damage score than PI 416937. Multiple interval mapping QTL models identified four QTL conditioning variation in canopy severity damage across the environments and explained 42% of the total phenotypic variation in canopy severity scores. The four QTL were located on chromosomes 8, 9, 13, and 15, which explained 10, 5, 9, and 17% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. When the canopy severity QTL were aligned with previously identified QTL in SoyBase, three canopy severity QTL colocalized with other partial resistance soybean genes and three with the isoflavone daidzein, the precursor of the phytoalexin glyceollin. Glyceollin is involved in plant disease resistance.
Reporting Frequency and Presentation Format: Detecting Real Activities Manipulation
Authors: Tang Fengchun , Eller Christopher Kevin , Wier Benson
Published: September 2015

As management increasingly manages earnings through real activities manipulation (RAM), RAM detection has become an important issue. This study investigates the role of reporting frequency and presentation format in detecting sales-related RAM. Based on the results of an online experiment with 77 experienced financial analysts, we find that more frequent financial reporting significantly improves sales-related RAM detection when financial analysts are aided with graphical displays. The results of our study suggest that more frequent financial reporting has the potential to improve RAM detection by disclosing trends that are suggestive of RAM. Moreover, results indicate that graphical representation reduces the cognitive effort required to process a larger number of data points generated by more frequent reporting and thus provides a better cognitive fit than tabular representation. As a result, the combination of more frequent reporting and graphical support together may assist financial statement users in detecting certain types of RAM.
Mediterranean Diet, Retinopathy, Nephropathy, and Microvascular Diabetes Complications: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Trial
Authors: Díaz-López Andrés , Babio Nancy , Martínez-González Miguel A. , Corella Dolores , Amor Antonio J. , Fitó Montse , Estruch Ramon , Arós Fernando , Gómez-Gracia Enrique , Fiol Miquel , Lapetra José , Serra-Majem Lluís , Basora Josep , Basterra-Gortari F. Javier , Zanon-Moreno Vicente , Muñoz Miguel Ángel , Salas-Salvadó Jordi ,   the PREDIMED Study Investigators
Published: September 2015

OBJECTIVE

To date no clinical trials have evaluated the role of dietary patterns on the incidence of microvascular diabetes complications. We hypothesized that a nutritional intervention based on the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) would have greater protective effect on diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy than a low-fat control diet.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This was a post hoc analysis of a cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes participating in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) study, a multicenter randomized nutritional intervention trial conducted in a population at high cardiovascular risk. Individuals with type 2 diabetes who were free of microvascular complications at enrollment (n = 3,614, aged 55–80 years) were randomly assigned to one of three dietary interventions: MedDiet supplemented with extravirgin olive oil (MedDiet+EVOO), MedDiet supplemented with mixed nuts (MedDiet+Nuts), or a low-fat control diet. Two independent outcomes were considered: new onset of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression.

RESULTS

During a median follow-up of 6.0 years, we identified 74 new cases of retinopathy and 168 of nephropathy. Compared with the control diet, multivariable-adjusted HRs for diabetic retinopathy were 0.56 (95% CI 0.32–0.97) for the MedDiet+EVOO and 0.63 (0.35–1.11) for the MedDiet+Nuts. No between-group differences were found for nephropathy. When the yearly updated information on adherence to the MedDiet was considered, the HR for retinopathy in the highest versus the lowest quintile was 0.34 (0.13–0.89; P = 0.001 for trend). No significant associations were found for nephropathy.

CONCLUSIONS

A MedDiet enriched with EVOO may protect against diabetic retinopathy but not diabetic nephropathy.