bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
« Un voyage sans fin » : expressions métaphoriques et mudes linguistiques de nouveaux locuteurs suédois
Authors: Ahlgren Katrin
Published: May 2020

Cet article est basé sur une étude ethnographique de longue durée (2001-2018) et adopte une perspective sociolinguistique sur l’acquisition langagière dans un contexte de migration. L’objectif est d’examiner les expressions métaphoriques qu’utilisent les nouveaux locuteurs pour décrire le processus d’apprentissage du suédois. L’analyse vise à mieux comprendre le phénomène de mudes linguistique s , c’est-à-dire les moments décisifs de la vie d’un individu qui provoquent un changement de langue. En examinant une trajectoire linguistique, nous montrons qu’une langue s’approprie dans la durée, à travers un long processus relationnel et émotionnel. Nous observons également que les mudes se réalisent en plusieurs temps et qu’elles peuvent avoir des qualités distinctes. Il nous paraît donc utile d’élargir la notion de mudes et de parler de mudes fonctionnelles pour désigner le côté pratique de la langue comme moyen de communication dans des domaines langagiers différents, et de mudes existentielles par rapport à la conception et à l’acceptation de soi-même en tant que nouveau locuteur.
Quand parlent les sans-voix
Authors: Ablali Driss , Wiederspiel Brigitte
Published: May 2020

Ce travail porte sur un dispositif destiné à donner la parole aux « sans-voix » dans un espace numérique organisé par une association de prévention contre le suicide. C’est l’activité même du tchat, entre les voix des souffrant(e) s et les bénévoles de l’association, qui va conférer à cet espace d’écoute, pratiqué par un ensemble d’individus isolés, une dimension sociale et publique. Après discussion du genre textuel spécifié par l’intime, l’ ethos égalitaire et la temporalité brève du tchat, c’est la mise en discours de la souffrance relativement au genre qui est différenciée.
Using Cognitive Rehearsal to Build a Culture of Civility
Authors: McAdams-Jones Dianne
Published: May 2020

Health care error is documented repeatedly as the third leading cause of death in the United States. Health care workers often can cause patient harm when they are uncivil or when they bully each other. Cognitive rehearsal is a tool that reframes thinking and allows users to avoid uncivil behaviors. Professional development educators can teach health care teams to use cognitive rehearsal to minimize incivility and reduce the opportunity for interactions that put patient safety at risk.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(6):253–255.]
Teaching Crisis Resource Management Skills to Nurses Using Simulation
Authors: Lucas Amanda , Edwards Marie , Harder Nicole , Gillman Lawrence
Published: May 2020

Background:

Education programs teaching crisis resource management (CRM) skills (problem solving, situational awareness, resource utilization, communication, and leadership) have been shown to positively affect learner competence in handling crisis events. As part of an education program, a high-fidelity simulation program was used as a learning intervention to teach these skills to practicing nurses.

Method:

In this repeated-measures observational study, 11 RNs were evaluated at four time points, measuring the effect of an education program on observed performance of CRM skills. Performance was measured using the Ottawa Global Rating Scale and a checklist tool.

Results:

Statistically significant changes in mean scores occurred between times one and two, and nonstatistically significant improvement occurred in means overall.

Conclusion:

This study adds evidence of the effectiveness of high-fidelity simulation education and highlights the need for further research.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(6):257–266.]
Improving Nurse Practitioner and Physician Assistant Preceptor Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Willingness in a Hospital Medicine Practice: An Online Experience
Authors: Heusinkvelt Sally E. , Tracy Mary
Published: May 2020

Background:

A hospital medicine practice experienced an increased demand for additional nurse practitioner (NP) and physician assistant (PA) preceptors.

Method:

An online preceptor education course was developed that included eight modules: communication and feedback, expectations for assessment and evaluation, pedagogy, time management and efficiency, goal setting and coaching, working with struggling or at-risk students, legal and ethical considerations, and teaching procedures. Knowledge, self-efficacy, and willingness to precept were examined in a precourse and postcourse format.

Results:

Postcourse, knowledge improved from 69.4% to 90.6%. Self-efficacy improved by 35.2%, and willingness to precept also improved. Qualitative themes emerged, including excitement to precept, helpful course, and time constraints.

Conclusion:

An online NP and PA preceptor training program increased preceptor knowledge, self-efficacy, and willingness to serve as a preceptor. Additional research is needed to explore the time constraints to serving as an NP or a PA preceptor in the inpatient environment.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(6):275–279.]
Early Lung Cancer Detection using Deep Learning Optimization
Authors: Elnakib Ahmed , M. Amer Hanan , E.Z. Abou-Chadi Fatma
Published: May 2020

This paper proposes a Computer Aided Detection (CADe) system for early detection of lung nodules from low dose computed tomography (LDCT) images. The proposed system initially pre-process the raw data to improve the contrast of the low dose images. Compact deep learning features are then extracted by investigating different deep learning architectures, including Alex, VGG16, and VGG19 networks. To optimize the extracted set of features, a genetic algorithm (GA) is trained to select the most relevant features for early detection. Finally, different types of classifiers are tested in order to accurately detect the lung nodules. The system is tested on 320 LDCT images from 50 different subjects, using an online public lung database, i.e., the International Early Lung Cancer Action Project, I-ELCAP. The proposed system, using VGG19 architecture and SVM classifier, achieves the best detection accuracy of 96.25%, sensitivity of 97.5%, and specificity of 95%. Compared to other state-of-the-art methods, the proposed system shows a promising results.
Integrating Feature and Instance Selection Techniques in Opinion Mining
Authors: You Zi-Hung , Hu Ya-Han , Tsai Chih-Fong , Kuo Yen-Ming
Published: May 2020

Opinion mining focuses on extracting polarity information from texts. For textual term representation, different feature selection methods, e.g. term frequency (TF) or term frequency–inverse document frequency (TF–IDF), can yield diverse numbers of text features. In text classification, however, a selected training set may contain noisy documents (or outliers), which can degrade the classification performance. To solve this problem, instance selection can be adopted to filter out unrepresentative training documents. Therefore, this article investigates the opinion mining performance associated with feature and instance selection steps simultaneously. Two combination processes based on performing feature selection and instance selection in different orders, were compared. Specifically, two feature selection methods, namely TF and TF–IDF, and two instance selection methods, namely DROP3 and IB3, were employed for comparison. The experimental results by using three Twitter datasets to develop sentiment classifiers showed that TF–IDF followed by DROP3 performs the best.
An Economic Incentive-Based Risk Transfer Approach for Defending Against DDoS Attacks
Authors: Dahiya Amrita , Gupta Brij B.
Published: May 2020

Volumetric DDoS attacks are continued to be an immense threat to e-commerce and other online businesses from the last decade as attackers have much resources to amplify scale and frequency day by day. Despite significant efforts by research community and security professionals, we are lacking a robust solution against DDoS attacks. Generally, the attacker's investment in sending large amount of traffic to paralyze a system is negligible as compared to the loss they caused to an organization. Therefore, in this article, a risk transfer approach, a combination of techno-economic aspects is proposed where the risk of being attacked is transferred to some cooperating ISPs in return for economic incentives. In the proposed approach, user's attention, cash, other network and computational resources are contemplated as valuable resources. User must have consent from server in the form of “Sending Rights” which can be obtained by solving cryptographic puzzle (computational work) or by purchasing through micropayment or combination of both according to traffic load level. Our proposed solution is implemented on PN2sim simulator and then verified on SPIN model checker. Implementation results show the supremacy of our proposed approach.
Financial Literacy Imperative for Success of Women Entrepreneurship
Authors: Baporikar Neeta , Akino Susan
Published: May 2020

Women entrepreneurship can be the driving force to steer nations globally towards the achievement of economic and social development goals through job creation and poverty alleviation. However, financial literacy is an essential and intangible resource that is critical for growth, success, and sustained competitive advantage. Yet, lack of financial literacy is one of the key challenges affecting the business growth of women entrepreneurs. Hence, adopting a qualitative approach and data collected through the interview method from twenty-three women entrepreneurs selected through purposive sampling based on the criteria of an established business for five years with at least three employees, the study aimed at investigating the financial literacy imperative for the success of women entrepreneurship. Findings indicate that financial literacy greatly influences the success of women entrepreneurship and hence recommends group-based and focused training for women entrepreneurs through suitable programs to equip and enhance financial literacy among women entrepreneurs.
The Key Impacts of Softwarization in the Modern Era of 5G and the Internet of Things
Authors: Eluwole Opeoluwa Tosin , Ojo Mike Oluwatayo
Published: May 2020

Fascinating technologies, such as software defined networking (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV) and mobile edge computing (MEC) among others, have introduced software-enabling capabilities to telecommunications, mobile and wireless communications. To depict this systemic evolution, various terminologies, such as system cloudification, network programmability, advanced computing and most popularly, softwarization, have been used by numerous scholars. Softwarization is now becoming a fully established phenomenon, especially in the new era of the rapidly evolving Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI) and the looming 5G technology. Away from the research and development (R&D) focus on the technological capabilities of softwarization, this article highlights the main stakeholders in softwarization and underlines a tripartite influence of the systemic evolution i.e. technical, social and economic impacts, all of which will be vital in ensuring a sustainable 5G technology and beyond.
Electronic Media
Authors: Gupta Sakshi , Yadav Neha , Gaba Loveleen
Published: May 2020

Recruitment has changed over the years. Organisations have started searching for an easy and cost effective platform for personality mining. With the explosion of social networking sites, candidates are now able to choose where they could spend their time online. This has encouraged many recruiters to start using social networking as part of a new cost-conscious approach to personality mining. Social networking websites function like an online community of internet users. Popular online sites include LinkedIn, Twitter, and Facebook. They are growing at an exponential rate, with most of the sites being free to join and, importantly, giving organizations an effective means of attracting today's Generation Y workforce. The purpose of this article is to contribute to emerging theory about the role of social networking sites in the process of personality mining.
Da presunção de inocência como marco fundamental à avaliação das causas impeditivas da transação penal
Authors: Romero Paulo Roberto Santos
Published: May 2020

O exame dos requisitos exigidos pelo artigo 76, § 2.º, inciso III, da Lei n.º 9.099/1995, imprescindível à proposição da transação penal, deve ser empenhado à luz da garantia constitucional da presunção de inocência, razão pela qual somente a sentença penal irrecorrível consubstancia os maus antecedentes que, per se, inviabilizam a aplicação da medida despenalizadora; já a negativa de acesso ao benefício, sob o fundamento de prognose de insuficiência da medida, considerada a partir do que revelam a personalidade e a conduta social do agente, exige, por parte do Ministério Público, a correspondente comprovação, cujo ônus recai-lhe de forma integral.
Etiological Factors of Psychological Nature in Sexual Dysfunctions
Authors: Delcea Cristian , Voinea Mădălina Maria
Published: May 2020

Through this paper, we aimed to better understand the psychological factors that influence the development and evolution of sexuality. This work that can be beneficial in the evaluation stage of clients who come to the office with sexual dysfunctions of a psychogenic nature and in that of conceptualization of the case as well as in following essential steps in establishing the therapeutic objectives and strategy and, of course, in the evolution of the case. At the same time, we wanted to draw attention to the multitude, variety, complexity and interactions between personal, social, biological, relationship factors, etc. which influences and enhances the appearance, maintenance and, why not, amelioration of sexual dysfunctions, each of which can be a significant node in the therapeutic approach to sexual dysfunctions. We also aimed to review, from a cognitive perspective, the psychogenesis factors of sexual dysfunction, cognitive structures, the transformation of an irrational / dysfunctional thinking style into a rational, adaptive, healthy one, (but not the only one) among the aspects that contribute to the success of any therapy.
Analisis Konsumsi Bahan Bakar Kapal Niaga Berdasarkan American Society for Testing Materials the Institute of Petroleum (ASTM-IP)
Authors: Almuzani Nafi , Wahyudi Bambang , Fachruddin Imam
Published: May 2020

Vessel operational costs are dominated by fuel purchases. Furthermore, monitoring the consumption of fuel oil on the ship is not given enough attention, because the officers concentrate more on how the ship can move to its destination. The purpose of this study is to determine the correction that must be done as well as the impact caused if the consumption of fuel oil through the flowmeter on the ship is corrected using ASTM-IP. The subjects of this study were four vessels in the PT. S. I. Ship Management with specific graphity (SG) of 0.9601. From the results of the study show the output data flowmeter on the main engine must be multiplied by the factor for reducting the volume to 15o C in ASTM-IP so that it has an impact on the accuracy in reporting fuel consumption. As a result operational costs are reduced and the ship company can sell its services competitively
Rancang Bangun Sistem Kontrol dan Monitoring Sel Surya dengan Raspberry Pi Berbasis Web Sebagai Sarana Pembelajaran di Akademi Teknik dan Penerbangan Surabaya
Authors: Hartono Hartono , Masluchah Indah
Published: May 2020

Rancang Bangun Sistem Kontrol dan Monitoring Solar Cell dengan Raspberry Pi Berbasis Web ini digunakan untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran program studi Teknik Listrik Bandar Udara khususnya yaitu pembelajaran praktek ilmu Sel Surya. Rancangan ini menggunakan Sensor Arus dan Tegangan yang dipasang antara Panel Sel Surya–Charger Controller, Charger Controller –Baterai, Baterai – Beban, serta Sensor Suhu yang dipasang pada Battery. Pemasangan sensor – sensor ini digunakan untuk mengetahui kondisi arus, tegangan, serta suhu pada rangkaian Sel Surya sehingga dapat mempermudah penjelasan tentang prinsip kerja Sel Surya dalam proses pembelajaran. Hasil pembacaan seksor – sensor tersebut akan diolah oleh Mikrokontroller yang kemudian akan dikirim ke Raspberry Pi unuk ditampilkan melalui Web.
Pengaruh Motivasi Belajar Taruna Dan Kompetensi Dosen Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Taruna di Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya
Authors: Lestari Sri
Published: May 2020

Motivation learn is the effort someone cadets to provide all energy condition to learn so that he will or wish process study. Lecturer play a part good enough important in the plan and also curriculum execution. Beside that lecturer is planner, curriculum developer and executor to its class, because lecturer also curriculum developer line which is terdepan hence lecturer also which always evaluate and completion to curriculum. From result of calculation with t test above it can be interpreted that cadet motivation / (X1), t value obtained is 17,264 and its significance value is 0.000, this value is smaller than = 0,05,Lecturer competence / (X2), t arithmetic value obtained is 14.255 and the significance value is 0,000, this value is smaller than  = 0,05meaning that cadet motivation (X1) and lecturer competence (X2) are partially significant to achievement learning cadets (Y) atAviation Polytechnic of Surabaya. The result of F Test calculation done with the help of SPSS program obtained F value counted 298,095. The significance value obtained is 0.000, the value of significance is smaller than the value of that is 0.05, meaning that cadet motivation (X1) and lecturer competence (X2) together significantly affect achievement learning cadets (Y) atAviation Polytechnic of Surabaya. The result of SPSS practice on standardized regression coefficient (β) or Standardized of Coefficients Beta, it is known that variable X2 that is cadet motivation has standardized coefficient of standard (β) or Standardized of Coefficients Beta is 2,542 compare with other independent variable variable X2 that is taruna motivation is independent variable that dominant influence dependent variable that isachievement learning cadets (Y) atAviation Polytechnic of Surabaya.
Monitoring Kegagalan Sequence Flashing Lighting Runway 28 Menggunakan Fiber Optic Berbasis Microcontroller di Bandar Udara Internasional Juanda Surabaya
Authors: Hartono Hartono , Utomo Wasito
Published: May 2020

Rancangan ini bertujuan untuk mempermudah teknisi dalam melakukan monitoring sequence flashing lighting di bandara internasional Juanda, karena letak sequence flashing lighting yang jaraknya empat kilometer dari power house dan lokasinya yang sulit dijangkau terutama sequence flashing lighting runway 28 yang berada di tambak-tambak warga. Penelitian ini menggunakan microcontroller sebagai media kontrol dan kabel fiber optic sebagai media komunikasi, untuk mendeteksi nilai kegagalan dari lampu tersebut menggunakan sensor arus ACS712, metode untuk tampilan hasil monitoring menggunakan visual basic yang akan ditampilkan di komputer atau personal computer. Sedangkan untuk komunikasi antara personal computer dengan microcontroller menggunakan kabel UTP atau ethernet dengan dukungan ethernet media converterto serial. Hasil penelitian menunjukan untuk monitoring nyala dan mati sequence flashing lighting dapat menggunakan personal computer sehingga dengan metode ini kinerja teknisi menjadi lebih cepat dan efisien.
Rancangan Explosive Detector dengan Membandingkan Besar Nilai Medan Magnet Menggunakan Arduino Uno
Authors: Suprapto Yuyun , Warsito Totok , Akbar Erwin , P Romma Diana
Published: May 2020

Desain ini dibuat sebagai alternatif peralatan Explosive Detektor serta memberikan bantuan tambahan jika di bandara tidak disediakan peralatan yang tepat. Peralatannya belum tersedia Explosive Detector di beberapa bandara dan peralatannya yang mahal, penulis ingin membuat desain Explosive Detector dengan biaya rendah dan dirancang dengan teknologi terbaru. Desain Explosive Detector mampu mendeteksi keberadaan dan jenis bahan peledak dengan menghitung besar medan magnet serta besar medan magnet yang diperbandingkan sehingga mereka akan tahu jenis bahan peledak apa yang terdeteksi. Rancangan Explosive Detector menggunakan sensor Magnetometer sebagai konsep dasar.
Rancangan Kontrol dan Monitoring Constant Current Regulator (CCR) Pada Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI) Menggunakan Android Berbasis Arduino di Bandar Udara Internasional Lombok
Authors: Kustori Kustori , P. Romadhani A.
Published: May 2020

Precsicion approach path indicator atau biasa disebut PAPI merupakan alat bantu pendaratan yang paling vital untuk penerbang, diperlukan kepresisian tinggi untuk dapat membantu seorang penerbang atau pilot untuk mendaratkan pesawat udara. Dalam kenyantaannya PAPI di bandara seringkali mendapat masalah yang menyebabkan kepresisian PAPI dipertanyakan. Oleh karena itu dalam tugas akhir ini penulis ingin membuat suatu alat yang dapat mengatur kepresisian PAPI dari jarak jauh dengan bantuan motor dc dan microcontroller AT89S51 yang terhubung secara computerized
Optimasi Simulasi Routing OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) di Bandara Soekarno Hatta
Authors: Moonlight Lady Silk
Published: May 2020

Bandar Udara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta adalah bandara terbesar di Indonesia dengan luas mencapai 18 km2, dengan rute penerbangan mencapai 1657 penerbangan setiap hari, yang merupakan penerbangan terbanyak se-Indonesia. PT. Angkasa Pura II merupakan Badan Usaha Milik Negara yang mengelola pelayanan jasa kebandar-udaraan di Bandara Soekarno Hatta. Bandara ini memiliki 3 Terminal Penumpang yaitu T1, T2, dan T3. Masing-masing terminal tersebut mempunyai beberapa sub terminal. Oleh karena begitu luas area pengelolaan dan begitu padat aktifitas penerbangan di Bandara Soekarno-Hatta, maka perlu adanya topologi dan konfigurasi jaringan yang tepat untuk mengoptimalkan koneksi antar terminal di Bandara Soekarno Hatta. Pada Penelitian ini, digunakan routing OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) dengan berbagai jenis topologi dan konfigurasi area untuk menentukan routing yang paling optimal yang dapat diterapkan di Bandara Soekarno Hatta.
Karakteristik Wake Area Akibat Efek Penggunaan Vortex Generator di Belakang Wing Airfoil Naca 43018
Authors: S.P Setyo Hariyadi , Widodo Wawan Aries
Published: May 2020

Pada aliran yang melintasi suatu airfoil terdapat fenomena separasi, yakni ketika momentum aliran sudah tidak mampu lagi mengatasi adverse pressure gradien. Selanjutnya separasi ini akan diikuti dengan timbulnya daerah wake pada daerah di belakang airfoil yang mengakibatkan naiknya drag force dan menurunnya lift force. Untuk mengurangi hal tersebut maka vortex generator diletakkan pada sisi atas airfoil untuk mempercepat terbentuknya turbulent boundary layer sehingga dapat menunda separasi dan memperkecil daerah wake.

Efektivitas dari vortex generator dipengaruhi oleh penempatan, ketinggian, dan interval antar vortex generator. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang optimal, drag yang dihasilkan oleh vortex generator itu sendiri harus dikurangi. Untuk itu profil dari vortex generator yang digunakan harus sedemikian rupa sehingga drag yang dihasilkan dapat dikurangi tanpa menurunkan performasi dari airfoil tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh penambahan vortex generator terhadap unjuk kerja airfoil melalui metode eksperimen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan karakteristik aliran fluida plain wing dan dengan penambahan vortex generator. Profil vortex generator yang digunakan adalah flat plate vortex generator dengan konfigurasi straight dan ditempatkan pada x/c = 10% dan 20% arah chord line dari leading edge. Variasi yang digunakan adalah bilangan Reynolds (Re), sudut serang (α) dan peletakan vortex generator pada airfoil. Kecepatan freestream yang digunakan yaitu kecepatan 12 m/s atau Re = 7,65 x 105 dan kecepatan 17 m/s atau Re = 9 x 105, dan pada sudut serang (α) 0o, 3 o, 6 o, 9 o, 12 o, 15 o, 19 o, dan 20 o.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan performansi dari airfoil NACA 43018 dengan penambahan vortex generator dibandingkan dengan tanpa vortex generator. Adanya vortex generator, mempercepat perubahan dari aliran laminar ke turbulen. Separasi dapat tertunda dengan adanya vortex generator.
Pengaruh Campuran (35%, 40%, 45% dan 50) Medium Bioethanol pada Pertalite Terhadap Emisi Gas Buang Piston Engine 1 Silinder
Authors: Junipitoyo Bambang
Published: May 2020

Pada perkembangan teknologi pada era modern ini kebutuhan energi saat ini sangat mengalami peningkatan, Hal ini seiring pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk Indonesia yang mengalami. Sedangkan saat ini cadangan energi fosil saat ini mengalami penurunan yang diperkirakan akan habis dalam beberapa tahun lagi.

Seiring dengan menipisnya cadangan bahan bakar, maka penggunaan bahan bakar alternatif menjadi solusi yang tepat untuk menggantikan sumber daya energi fosil seperti bioetanol, bioetanol adalah salah satu bahan bakar alternatif yang untuk saat ini memiliki perkembangan yang baik, bioetanol adalah jenis cairan yang mudah menguap, mudah terbakar, tak berwarna, dan merupakan alkohol yang paling sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari- hari. Bioetanol merupakan bahan bakar yang menghasilkan polutan paling rendah, bahan bakar bioetanol adalah bahan bakar yang aman, titik nyala bioetanol lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan bahan bakar fosil dan emisi emisi hidrokarbon yang dihasilkan oleh bioetanol lebih sedikit. Bahan bakar fosil mengalami proses pembakaran yang menghasilkan gas buang CO2, gas buang tersebut dapat menyebabkan polusi udara dan merusak lapisan ozon. Untuk itu dibutuhkan penelitian untuk mendapatkan kinerja engine yang optimal.

Penelitian ini menggunakan kendaraan mesin 1 silinder. Metode pengujian menggunakan bukaan throttle spontan dan bukaan throttle per rpm untuk mendapatkan emisi gas buang. Bahan pengujian menggunakan campuran bahan bakar Pertalite – medium biotanol dengan kadar E-35, E-40, E-45, E-50, dan E-55.

Hasil penelitian saat engine menggunakan bahan bakar pertalite-medium menghasilkan emisi CO 0.23 atau turun 46% dan emisi HC sebesar 69 dan turun 31 % dari bahan bakar pertalite.
Pengaruh Ketebalan Elektroplating Menggunakan Nikel dan Krom pada Aluminium Alloy 2024 terhadap Laju Korosi
Authors: Jamaludin Jamaludin
Published: May 2020

Elektroplating atau proses pelapisan suatu logam dengan logam lain dengan cara elektrolisa, bertujuan untuk melindungi logam yang mudah rusak atau korosi dengan logam yang lebih tahan karat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui laju korosi dari alumunium alloy 2024 yang sudah di elektroplating dengan metode polarisasi linear. Korosi pada struktur pesawat terbang adalah sesuatu hal yang tidak boleh di abaikan, karena bisa menjadi salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan kecelakaan pesawat terbang. Aluminium Alloy 2024 merupakan salah satu jenis paduan logam yang paling sering dipilih sebagai bahan untuk membuat struktur pesawat terbang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel mengalami korosi tetapi laju korosinya yang berbeda-beda. Laju korosi yang terjadi pada sampel asli mengalami serangan korosi yang paling besar karena tidak memiliki bahan pelapis sebagai pelindung. Sampel yang memiliki bahan pelapis juga pada dasarnya mengalami serangan korosi tetapi dapat dilihat bahwa sampel dengan bahan pelapis lebih tebal dapat menghambat laju korosi yang terjadi.

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Optimalisasi Metode Pembelajaran Taruna Program Studi Lalu Lintas Udara menggunakan Computerized Aerodrome Control Tower (ADC) Artmacs Simulator di Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya
Authors: Sonhaji Imam , Arya Dimas , Dwi nastiti Paramitha
Published: May 2020

Kemajuan teknologi mendorong Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas lulusannya. Lalu Lintas Udara merupakan salah satu program studi yang terdapat di Poltekbang Surabaya. Dengan berbekal ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang diberikan dalam masa pendidikan, diharapkan seluruh lulusan Poltekbang Surabaya dapat menjadi handal di bidangnya masing-masing pada saat bekerja. Poltekbang Surabaya juga melengkapi sarana praktik yang berbasis teknologi yaitu ADC Artmacs Simulator untuk Program Studi Lalu Lintas Udara. Sistem simulasi ini merupakan pengembangan dari system simulasi manual yang masih menggunakan layout aerodrome sebagai proses pembelajaran secara langsung pada objek yang tidak sebenarnya. ADC Artmacs Simulator dirancang sesuai dengan kondisi yang sebenarnya dan dapat mensimulasikan traffic pesawat maupun keadaan cuaca yang diinginkan, sehingga membuat taruna bisa merasakan seolah-olah berada dilapangan sebenarnya dan taruna diharapkan lebih mudah memahami sistem pelatihan. Namun peralatan ini belum digunakan secara maksimal karena beberapa faktor teknis operasional dan diharapkan dengan perbaikan dan penyempurnaan, sistem ini bisa digunakan sebagai sarana utama pelatihan taruna LLU di Politeknik Surabaya serta dapat meningkatkan kualitas metode pembelajaran.
Reconstrucción virtual del puente fortificado de la Media Luna (Cartagena de Indias) a través de herramientas digitales
Authors: Losada Karla , Galindo-Díaz Jorge , Fontàs Serrat Joan
Published: May 2020

Virtual reconstruction of the fortified bridge of the Media Luna (Cartagena de Indias) using digital toolsOne of the most important architectural pieces of the walled complex of Cartagena de Indias in Colombia was the so-called bridge of the Media Luna, whose first phase of construction dates back to 1628. Since its construction, the Media Luna underwent several reforms and was submitted to some projects aimed at strengthening its defensive capacity conceived by military engineers at the service of the Spanish Crown, such as Juan Jiménez Donoso and Antonio de Arévalo. Despite this, a complete plan of the bridge, demolished at the end of the nineteenth century, has not been preserved, and it was never completely photographed. This paper, as a product of a research project related to the genesis of construction techniques in Cartagena de Indias, presents a digital reconstruction of the Media Luna after gathering and analyzing cartographic information still preserved in archives, photographs taken shortly before the demolition of the bridge, as well as traveler stories, descriptions and drawings done by nineteenth century chroniclers. The integral visualization of the Media Luna and its surroundings offers new value to the bridge and contributes to the integral understanding of the fortified complex of Cartagena de Indias.
The Fortifications of Chalcis (Evripos/Negreponte/Egriboz), Greece
Authors: Mamaloukos Stavros
Published: May 2020

The aim of this paper is the study of the now destroyed fortifications of the Greek city of Chalcis (Evripos / Negreponte / Egriboz). Having been an important urban centre during the Early and Middle Byzantine Period, Chalcis was occupied by the Latins after the capture of Constantinople in 1204 and became a significant trade centre of Venice. By the end of the fourteenth century, the city became a Venetian holding. In 1470 the Ottomans captured the city after a brief siege. In 1688 the city was unsuccessfully besieged by the Venetians. And in 1833 it was annexed by the Greek State. In the end of the nineteenth century the fortifications of Chalcis were almost completely demolished during an attempt to reorganize and modernize the city. The fortified medieval city of Chalcis, the Kastro, had the shape of a long, irregular pentagon with maximum dimensions 400 x 700 m. It was surrounded on three sides, namely the north, west and south, by sea. Along its two other sides, the northeast and the southeast, there was a dry moat. Its fortifications had three gates, one on Euripus bridge and two on the land wall, through which the city was connected with Boeotia and Euboea, respectively. From the study of the fortifications, based on their depictions in old engravings and photographs as well as on some poor and still visible remnants, it appears that until their demolition the city walls retained to a large extent their late medieval form, although they had undergone significant interventions by the Ottomans, mainly on the eve, and just after the siege of 1688. The only surviving part of the city’s defences, the fort of Karababa, built on the steep hill of the Boeotian coast, can be dated to this period.
“Locking up the Strait in the fifteenth century’s Ottoman Mediterranean”: The Bosporus’ sea forts of Mehmet II (1452)
Authors: Ory Vincent
Published: May 2020

In the fifteenth century, the Mediterranean world was in turmoil. A new sultan, Mehmet II, had just inherited a vast empire stretching over two continents in the centre of which the ruins of the Byzantine Empire survived through the city of Constantinople. In order to seal his accession, he therefore undertook important preparations to conquer the “City guarded by God”. Mehmet then ordered the construction, within 4 months, of an imposing fortress nicknamed Boǧazkesen (the throat cutter). This coup de force is a testimony to the incredible military and economic power of this growing empire that masters a new war technology: artillery. The Ottomans, who were still novices in this field, had therefore had to adapt their fortifications to the use of firearms. Using local and foreign architects and engineers, the Ottoman fortifications built in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries bear witness to an architectural experimentation that seems to testify, like the work carried out in Rhodes by Pierre d’Aubusson or in Methoni by the Venetians, to a real research in terms of offensive and defensive effectiveness. In this context, the fortifications of Rumeli Hisarı and Anadolu Hisarı, built on either side of the narrowest point of the Bosporus in 1451-1452, are characterized by the presence of large coastal batteries that operate together. They were to block access to Constantinople by the Black Sea, combining sinking and dismasting fire.
The ancient Roman gate along Appian way: San Sebastiano Gate
Authors: Russo Michele , Lanfranchi Fabio , Carnevali Laura
Published: May 2020

The application of integrated survey techniques and 3D modelling methodologies for Cultural Heritage analysis is now considered a consolidated process, while preserving and suggesting continuous research lines related from one side to the evolution of acquisition and restitution instruments, from the other to the problems linked to the specific case study and the goal of the research. This article describes the analysis of one of the largest and best-preserved gates of Rome, located within the Aurelian walls: Porta San Sebastiano. The original name of this gate was Porta Appia, transformed in the Middle Ages into San Sebastiano from the name of the Christian martyr buried in the Basilica on the Via Appia, located just outside the walls. The current gate aspect is the result of many architectural changes over the centuries, as well as a transformation happened in the twentieth century which has led it to a residential use, a unique example of its kind. Through the integration of different survey techniques, a geometric analysis of the complex building is completed, highlighting the construction complexity and the spatial articulation. A parametric model of a portion of the building is then suggested, aimed at understanding the logic underlying the definition of a HBIM model related to an existing complex artefact. Through an integrated analysis, the aim of the article is to provide an advancement in the knowledge of the specific Cultural Heritage through the integration of complementary methods of analysis and representation.
Una rete castellare: il sistema fortificato irpino
Authors: Coppola Giovanni
Published: May 2020

A network of castles: the Irpinian fortified systemIn Irpinia, to grasp the extent to which the multiform and varied castellated density still has today, it is necessary to look at its hilly and mountainous landscapes or read the toponyms of its villages: from the recent study carried out in the Province of Avellino, there is a list of 78 castles still visible in elevation, a very high figure if you consider that the entire provincial territory is composed of 118 municipalities, for a percentage of almost 70%. The period of study in which this research is based on Irpinia's fortification (castles, walls, towers and defensive walls) is part of the period in which the various foreign dynasties conquered the Regnum Siciliae giving rise to a military architecture which goes from the Longobard domination (568-774) to the advent of the Normans (1130-1194) and the Swabians (1194-1268), to retrace the phases of the coming first of the Angevins (1268-1435) and then of the Aragons (1442-1503).
Análisis espacial del sistema defensivo de la costa granadina en época nazarí y su transformación tras la conquista castellana
Authors: Rouco Collazo Jorge , Martín Civantos José Mª
Published: May 2020

Spatial analysis of Kingdom of Granada’s coastal defensive system in Nasrid period and its transformation after the Castilian conquestThe coast of the Kingdom of Granada was a border of importance in Nasrid times and it was also a zone to be protected after the Castilian conquest, mostly against piracy. To control the sea, the successive rulers would build a system of fortresses and watchtowers. The objective of this paper is to apply spatial analysis to the defense system of the southern coasts of Granada and Almeria from the fifteenth to seventeenth century, focusing in its evolution. To achieve this objective, we will use historical documentation and archaeological record as main data for the spatial analysis carried out by a GIS software, mainly visibility and distribution. With this approach we expect to add new insights to this topic and stablish a base for further research and comparison with other neighboring areas of the Kingdom of Granada.
Recupero architettonico e strutturale del “mastio” e del suo cortile della fortezza nuova di Volterra
Authors: Taddei Domenico , Calvani Caterina , Pistolesi Roberto , Taddei Antonio , Martini Andrea
Published: May 2020

Architectural and structural recovery of “mastio” and its courtyard of the new fortress of VolterraThe recovery of the “mastio” and the surrounding courtyard of the new fortress of Volterra (1472-1474) has as its objective the opening to the public of this fortified work, after 542 years from its construction, with the possibility of being enjoyed without interposing with the prison function of the complex, it also represents the possibility of knowledge and study of a constructive typology in the context of the Renaissance fortified architecture of the Italian school called “transition” with the use of the first artillery. The fortress was born as a military garrison and at the time of Lorenzo the magnificent only a part was used as a prison, it will be definitively transformed into a House of Imprisonment during the Grand Duchy of Lorraine in the middle of the eighteenth century. It is the first work by Francesco di Giovanni di Matteo called the Francione (1428-1495), it has an almost square shape with large cylindrical towers at the corners (rondelle) and at the center of the inner courtyard, a large cylindrical tower like of “mastio” (donjon) and inserted the artillery in the walls. The “mastio” consists of a basement and five floors above ground with a domed roof and connected by a narrow spiral staircase. After the cognitive essays carried out on the internal domes of the “mastio”, placed in the first three floors including the cistern, the presence of “hemispherical domes” emerged, made by workers of the Opera del Duomo in Florence, built entirely in bricks without the carpentry of “centina” (self-supporting), with the system called “alla fiorentina”, as well as the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence by Filippo Brunelleschi. This construction system is also applied in the fortified structures of Pietrasanta, Poggibonsi, Sarzanello, Castrocaro, Pisa and Terra del Sole.
El Castillo de La Atalaya (siglo XVIII), en Cartagena (Región de Murcia, España). Análisis formal y constructivo
Authors: Carta Federica , Ros McDonnell Diego , Collado Espejo Pedro Enrique
Published: May 2020

The Atalaya Castle (eighteenth century), in Cartagena (Region of Murcia, Spain). Formal and constructive analysisThe Atalaya Castle (eighteenth century) is one of the military fortifications that were part of the defense of Cartagena. The defensive system of the period was composed of an important walled enclosure, which surrounded the city, the arsenal, and a group of fortresses outside the city wall, located on the nearby hills. One of these defensive constructions is the Atalaya Castle or Fort, located to the west of the city from its position it protected the population from attacks both by land and by sea. To the north and west by land, through the Almarjal and the Pelayo mountains, the south by sea covered the possible landings in the bays of the Algameca Grande and the Algameca Chica. The building is a magnificently construction, the fort has a pentagon ground plan with five bastions at each angle. It has an interior building in U arranged on a solid bastioned platform the whole complex is surrounded by a dry moat. The fortification present certain formal elements used in other constructions that had been lifted in the city at that time, circumstance gave unity to the whole. The materials consisted of employed mainly stone and brick, the constructive elements introduce certain heterogeneity. The purpose of the communication is to present the results of the comprehensive analysis carried out in the Atalaya Castle as well as to contribute, through its dissemination to raise awareness of the need for its restoration and enhancement. Research has studied the characteristics of the formal and constructive system of the fortification currently in a state of semiabandonment, a proposal has also been conducted for a new cultural use as a guarantee of its correct recovery and conservation.
Le projet de restauration de Bordj Istanbul, à Alger
Authors: Menouer Ouassila
Published: May 2020

Restoration of the Bordj Istanbul fort in Algiers Throughout history, Algerian coastal towns have been subject to various threats by sea, which has resulted in different types of fortification works. Their variety depended on their period of construction, the materials used and the genius of the place. In Algiers, these structures of fortifications vary between fortified castle, ramparts, watchtowers, etc. However, this historical legacy is, day after day, threatened with disappearance for lack of support. The Bordj Istanbul, or Turkish fort, is one of the most important, in Algiers. Before the launch of its restoration, the monument was in a state of advanced degradation caused by abandonment, vandalism and the aggression of the sea. In 2012, the operation was started by sorting the dislocated stone blocks of the building and consolidating its structure. The project has been reflected in a scientific approach that pays particular attention to the aesthetic integrity of the monument. The absence of archival documents has been surpassed by using comparative readings of the same type of forts and the stratigraphic study of the monument. His defensive function being over, it was necessary to think about his conversion. The character of the place, the architectural aspect of the building and some alterations of its material has aroused the idea of the development of the monument in a gastronomic restaurant by the sea within a private beach. Today, works have been closed and the opening of the restaurant is planned for the next summer season.
The Old Navarino fortification (Palaiokastro) at Pylos (Greece). Adaptation to early artillery
Authors: Simou Xeni
Published: May 2020

Old Navarino fortification (Palaiokastro) is located on the promontory supervising the naturally endowed Navarino-bay at the south-western foot of Peloponnese peninsula, near the contemporary city of Pylos. The cliff where it is built and where ancient relics lie, was fortified by Frankish in the thirteenth century. The fortification though knows significant alterations firstly by Serenissima Republic of Venice from the fifteenth century that aims to dominate the naval routes of Eastern Mediterranean by establishing a system of coastal fortifications and later by the Ottomans after the conquest of Venice’s possessions at Messenia in 1500. Between fifteenth and seventeenth century, apart from important modifications at the initial enceinte of the northern Upper City, the most notable transformation of Old Navarino is the construction of the new Lower fortification area at the south and the southern outwork ending up to the coastline. Especially the Lower fortification is a sample of multiple and large-scale successive alterations for the adjustment to technological advances of artillery (fortification walls reinforcement, modification of tower-bastions, early casemates, gate complex enforcements). The current essay focuses on the study of these specific elements of the early artillery period and the examination of Old Navarino’s strategic role at the time of transition before the adaptation of “bastion-front” fortification patterns, such as those experimented in the design of the fortified city of New Navarino, constructed at the opposite side of the Navarino gulf by the Ottomans (1573).
Porta Valbona a Urbino: la sua rappresentazione tra storia e restauro
Authors: Baratin Laura , Cattaneo Alessandra , Moretti Elvio
Published: May 2020

Porta Valbona in Urbino: its representation between history and restorationThe Porta Valbona study is part of a complex project of conservation and valorisation of the defensive walls of Urbino that the research group, of the School of Conservation and Restoration of the University of Urbino Carlo Bo, has developed in recent years. Built in 1621 it is the most important gate of the city both because it is connected to Via Mazzini, one of the main streets of the historic centre, and for its spectacular architectural appearance created for the wedding of Prince Federico Ubaldo della Rovere with Princess Claudia de Medici. The two eagles, in limestone, placed at the sides of the door, date back to the mid-eighteenth century and are the work of the Rimini architect Giovan Francesco Buonamici. It is also the only Gate of Urbino which has a monumental facing facing outwards, or towards Piazza del Mercatale. Despite having undergone several restorations and consolidations over the centuries, it has not been modified in its original appearance. Porta Valbona, together with the city walls, represents a real urban palimpsest, an exceptional case of sedimentation and stratification which, despite the events, still allows us to reconstruct its historical events. The applied design method was based on the following analyzes: a) urban analysis: knowledge of the characteristics and urban potential of the door; b) historical analysis: knowledge of the historical evolution and of the specific qualities of the door; c) geometric analysis: metric and architectural survey; d) material analysis, study of materials and forms of deterioration; e) structural analysis: identification of the morphological and constructive organization from the structural point of view. All the large amount of information obtained from the analysis was managed thanks to the use of GIS systems. Thus it was possible to identify the shape and character of the monument and its testimonial, constructive and architectural values ​​were recognized. On the basis of an internal analysis of the cultural asset and an external analysis of the context in which it is located, it was possible to define the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.