bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desenvolvimento e validação de uma tecnologia MHEALTH para a promoção do autocuidado de adolescentes com diabetes
Authors: Alves Larissa de Fátima Pontes Aguiar , Maia Manoel Miqueias , Araújo Márcio Flávio Moura de , Damasceno Marta Maria Coelho , Freitas Roberto Wagner Júnior Freire de
Published: May 2021

Resumo No cenário do Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 (DM1), uma prática incentivada é o autocuidado. Dessa forma, objetivou-se elaborar e validar um aplicativo móvel (APP) para a promoção do autocuidado em adolescentes com DM1. O método foi divido em duas etapas: elaboração e validação, que vão desde a revisão de literatura, benchmarking, construção do protótipo e validação por especialistas. A construção do APP foi subsidiada pelos sete passos propostos pela American Association of Diabetes Educators. Foram desenhadas as telas e selecionaram-se as possíveis funções; após o desenho, o protótipo do APP foi desenvolvido e nomeado como “DM Agendinha”. O processo de validação de conteúdo foi mediado pelo instrumento Suitability Assessment of Materials, por meio do qual o percentual obtido foi de 85,3%, caracterizando o APP como “Material Superior”. Para a validação técnica, empregou-se o questionário Smartphone Usability questionnaire, que obteve um Índice de Validade de Conteúdo global de 0,96. Conclui-se, portanto, que o uso desse material por parte dos adolescentes favorecerá a aquisição de novos conhecimentos e a adesão de práticas saudáveis, tendo em vista que se trata de uma tecnologia de caráter eletrônico e de fácil compreensão.
Saúde Mental na Atenção Básica: perspectivas de profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Santos Roseléia Carneiro dos , Bosi Maria Lúcia Magalhães
Published: May 2021

Resumo O Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) tem na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) o modelo reorientador da atenção e do processo de trabalho. O artigo analisa concepções de profissionais da ESF relativas à saúde mental e à produção do cuidado em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde, no Nordeste brasileiro. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, alinhada à vertente crítico interpretativa, empregando entrevistas, observação livre e análise documental gerando uma rede de significados organizada em dois eixos: a) “Saúde Mental” na perspectiva dos profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família e b) O cuidado em “Saúde Mental”: a práxis no contexto da atenção básica. Apesar do potencial dos dispositivos, os resultados do estudo evidenciam concepções acerca da saúde mental circunscritas a uma visão congruente com um projeto de institucionalização e medicalização. No que concerne à dimensão do cuidado, revelam-se lacunas relativas às experiências em saúde mental compartilhadas, através de incipiente parceria entre profissionais da ESF e NASF. Persiste o desafio de reconstruir uma visão alinhada aos preceitos da reforma psiquiátrica brasileira e, na materialidade do trabalho em equipe, criação de espaços que possibilitem no cotidiano da ESF discussões, planejamentos e pactuações.
Distribution of galling insects and their parasitoids on Caryocar brasiliense tree crowns
Authors: Leite G. L. D. , Veloso R. V. S. , Azevedo A. M. , Almeida C. I. Maia e , Soares M. A. , Pereira A. I. A. , Lemes P. G. , Zanuncio J. C.
Published: May 2021

Abstract Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (Malpighiales: Caryocaraceae) is widely distributed in the Brazilian savanna and its fruits are used by humans for food, production of cosmetics, lubricants, and in the pharmaceutical industry. This plant is damaged by galling insects. Number of these galling insects and their parasitoids was recorded, in the field (galls) and in the laboratory (adults emerged from the galls), from three C. brasiliense crown heights, during three years. Numbers of adults of Eurytoma sp. (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), galling insect (younger attack) and Sycophila sp. (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) (a parasitoid of Eurytoma sp.), were greater on the apical parts of C. brasiliense tree crowns. Numbers and groups of Eurytoma sp. globoid galls (older attack) were higher in the median and basal crown parts. The numbers of Eurytoma sp. galls were higher on apical part of C. brasiliense tree crown and also of their parasitoids.
Studies on the recombinant production and anticancer activity of thermostable L- asparaginase I from Pyrococcus abyssi
Authors: Nadeem M. S. , Khan J. A. , Al-Ghamdi M. A. , Khan M. I. , Zeyadi M. A.
Published: May 2021

Abstract L-Asparaginase catalysing the breakdown of L-Asparagine to L-Aspartate and ammonia is an enzyme of therapeutic importance in the treatment of cancer, especially the lymphomas and leukaemia. The present study describes the recombinant production, properties and anticancer potential of enzyme from a hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus abyssi. There are two genes coding for asparaginase in the genome of this organism. A 918 bp gene encoding 305 amino acids was PCR amplified and cloned in BL21 (DE3) strain of E. coli using pET28a (+) plasmid. The production of recombinant enzyme was induced under 0.5mM IPTG, purified by selective heat denaturation and ion exchange chromatography. Purified enzyme was analyzed for kinetics, in silico structure and anticancer properties. The recombinant enzyme has shown a molecular weight of 33 kDa, specific activity of 1175 U/mg, KM value 2.05mM, optimum temperature and pH 80°C and 8 respectively. No detectable enzyme activity found when L-Glutamine was used as the substrate. In silico studies have shown that the enzyme exists as a homodimer having Arg11, Ala87, Thr110, His112, Gln142, Leu172, and Lys232 being the putative active site residues. The free energy change calculated by molecular docking studies of enzyme and substrate was found as ∆G – 4.5 kJ/mole indicating the affinity of enzyme with the substrate. IC50 values of 5U/mL to 7.5U/mL were determined for FB, caco2 cells and HepG2 cells. A calculated amount of enzyme (5U/mL) exhibited 78% to 55% growth inhibition of caco2 and HepG2 cells. In conclusion, the recombinant enzyme produced and characterized in the present study offers a good candidate for the treatment of cancer. The procedures adopted in the present study can be prolonged for in vivo studies.
REDUCED-IMPACT LOGGING BY ALLOCATING LOG-DECKS USING MULTI-OBJECTIVE EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM IN WESTERN AMAZON
Authors: Isaac Júnior Marcos Antonio , Barbosa Bruno Henrique Groenner , Gomide Lucas Rezende , Calegario Natalino , Figueiredo Evandro Orfanó , Moras Filho Luiz Otávio , Melo Elliezer de Almeida , Dantas Daniel
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT To reduce the damage caused by logging in the Amazon rainforest, new metaheuristics have been implemented and tested to ensure the sustainability of this economic segment. Therefore, this study aimed to compare alternatives for road sizing and log deck allocation. In a forest management unit, the skidding to log decks was evaluated in two different areas. To determine the skidding/log deck relation, georeferenced points were generated equally spaced every 50 m. In area 1, the Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model and the Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) were compared. In area 2, only the MOEA was considered. In both areas, these models were also compared to the current planning used in the forest management unit. Solutions were then generated to identify the best management alternative. In both areas, the MOEA showed greater efficiency regarding the processing time, as well as the reduction of log decks number and the road sizing. The multi-objective evolutionary approach assists the decision-making process, due to the presentation of alternatives based on Pareto-optimal solutions, making the choice more flexible and well supported.
EVALUACIÓN ENTRE CUATRO TÉCNICAS SEROLÓGICAS PARA EL DIAGNÓSTICO DE INFECCIONES CAUSADAS POR BRUCELLA ABORTUS EN BOVINOS
Authors: Paulin L.M.S. , Andrade-Pacheco W.A. , Castro V. , Federsoni I.S.P.
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Serum samples from 200 vaccinated adult bovine females from two herds were analyzed by buffered antigen acidified plate test (AAT) (Rose Bengal Plate Test), indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISAI), 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME) and complement fixation test (FC). For ELISAI, the fixed value of 45 percent positivity (PP) was used. Group A was composed of 100 animals, with description of reproductive disturbances compatible with brucellosis and reagent to the AAT. Group B was composed of 100 animals serologically free of B. abortus for at least two years. Additionally, all serum samples were tested using the AAT, the 2-ME and the FC to confirm negative status. The combination of two tests, FC and 2ME was used as the gold standard. The relative sensitivity and specificity and the Kappa were calculated for each test. The result of kappa for 2-ME in relation to the FC and of the AAT and the ELISAI in relation to the gold standard was, respectively, 0.78, 0.86 And 0.84. The relative sensitivities (Sr) were, respectively, 84.1% (53/63), 100% (53/53) and 98.1% (52/53), and the relative specificities (Er) were 93.3% (111/119), 90.1% (100/111) and 90.1% (100/111). For comparison between the ELISAI and the AAT, there was obtained a Kappa of 0.91, Sr of 93% (93/100) and Er of 98% (98/100). Conclusions: 1 The option of constituting the gold standard based on at least two tests was the most suitable for this study; 2 The ELISAI resulted in values of Sr and Er similar to the AAT. Therefore, the AAT and the ELISAI are good for screening in regard to the diagnosis of brucellosis.
NÚMERO MÍNIMO DE ARMADILHAS DE MÖRICKE EM AMOSTRAGEM DE HIMENÓPTEROS PARASITÓIDES NA CULTURA DA SOJA GLYCINE MAX (L.) MERRILL
Authors: Lara R.I.R. , Perioto N.W. , Ramiro Z.A.
Published: May 2021

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o número mínimo de armadilhas de Möricke para a amostragem da diversidade de himenópteros parasitóides na cultura da soja Glycine max (L.) Merrill. O experimento foi conduzido em cultivo de soja, da variedade IAC 82, em Ribeirão Preto (21º12’17,8" S/47º52’34,8" O), SP, Brasil. No período de 24 de fevereiro a 11 de abril de 2003 foram realizadas sete coletas de himenópteros parasitóides com armadilhas de Möricke. Utilizou-se o delineamento estatístico de blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (uma a cinco armadilhas) e quatro repetições. Quanto ao total de famílias capturadas, as maiores médias foram obtidas com a utilização de duas a cinco armadilhas de Möricke, que diferiram significativamente da média obtida com uma armadilha. Estes resultados indicam que, para parcelas de 12 x 18 m, duas armadilhas de Möricke são suficientes para amostrar a diversidade de himenópteros parasitóides em cultivo de soja. O índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener variou de 0,23 a 0,48 e o de equitabilidade variou de 0,17 a 0,36.
AVALIAÇÃO DE INJÚRIAS DE POLYPHAGOTARSONEMUS LATUS BANKS (ACARI: TARSONEMIDAE) EM GENÓTIPOS DE ALGODOEIRO
Authors: Goulart C. , Cia E. , Fuzatto M.G. , Lüders R.R. , Lourenção A.L.
Published: May 2021

RESUMO As injúrias causadas pelo ácaro-branco em cultivares e linhagens avançadas de algodoeiro disponíveis no Brasil foram avaliadas em três experimentos de campo conduzidos em Campinas, SP (2001/2002 e 2005/2006) e em Guairá, SP (2003/2004). As áreas experimentais foram instaladas segundo um delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com seis repetições, sendo as parcelas constituídas por uma linha de 5 m de comprimento. No total, 36 genótipos diferentes foram utilizados. Foram estabelecidos 16 tratamentos em 2001/2002 e 2003/2004 e 18 em 2005/2006. A avaliação foi feita após intensa ocorrência da praga, sem realização de controle químico, sendo atribuídas, em nível de parcelas, notas de 1 a 5, crescentes com o tipo e a intensidade dos sintomas. Verificou-se, nos três experimentos, ampla e gradual diversidade entre os genótipos, com as notas médias variando de 1,77 (IAC 23) até 4,20 (Sure Grow 821) no experimento de 2001/2002, de 1,45 (COODETEC 401) a 4,63 (MG 0110) no experimento de 2003/2004 e de 1,86 (FMT 702) a 4,74 (Stoneville 474) no experimento de 2005/2006. A análise conjunta de quatro genótipos comuns aos três experimentos corroborou as evidências de ampla e gradual diferença entre os genótipos, indicando IAC 24 e Fibermax 966 como menos danificadas e Deltaopal e Makina como as mais afetadas.
Influence of aeration induced by piers on the starting position of the flow aeration and extreme pressures in stepped spillways
Authors: Priebe Priscila dos Santos , Ferla Rute , Novakoski Carolina Kuhn , Abreu Aline Saupe , Teixeira Eder Daniel , Prá Mauricio Dai , Marques Marcelo Giulian
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT The operation of stepped spillways is limited by a range of discharges due to the risk of occurrence of the cavitation phenomenon and erosion on its steps. Since there is a demand for spillways with the possibility of overflow of greater discharges, the designs seek to increase the air concentration of the flow, which can occur through the installation of piers in the spillway in order to protect the structure from the above mentioned damage. The aim of this work is to analyze flow characteristics and extreme minimum and maximum pressures with non-exceedance probability of 0.1% and 99.9% acting next to the step edges of the spillway with aeration induced by piers through an experimental analysis in a physical model. Based on the results obtained, flow behavior was defined and equations for predicting the extreme pressures that occur along the stepped spillway with aeration induced by piers were proposed.
Home environment opportunities and motor development of infants in the first year
Authors: Defilipo Érica Cesário , Magalhães Elton Duarte Dantas , Máltaro Caroline Miranda , Oliveira Larissa Carvalhaes de , Neimerck Ana Luiza Oliveira , Brugiolo Alessa Sin Singer
Published: May 2021

Abstract Introduction: The home environment is a fundamental agent for infant development in the first year of life. Objective: To evaluate the opportunities for environmental stimulation and the motor development of infants at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age and determine the association between these opportunities and the parents’ schooling and economic levels, at each age studied. Methods: This is a longitudinal study using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) to assess motor development, the Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development - Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) questionnaire to assess the stimulation opportunities at home, and the Brazilian Association of Research Companies (ABEP) questionnaire to classify the economic level of the families. The association between opportunities for environmental stimulation and schooling and economic levels was determined by the chi-squared test. Results: Thirty-seven infants participated, 54.1% of whom were boys. At 3 months of age, the opportunities for environmental stimulation were unsatisfactory, while at 6, 9, and 12 months satisfactory opportunities predominated. Three infants scored below 10% on the AIMS at 3 months of age, indicating delayed motor development. There was a significant association between economic level and total AHEMD-IS score (p = 0.031), and the toy dimension for gross (p = 0.016) and fine (p = 0.043) motor skills. Conclusion: The infants’ home environment did not provide sufficient opportunities for stimulation in the first months, but improved during the first year. Motor development was considered delayed for three infants, but was suitable in subsequent evaluations.
Physiotherapy practices in primary health care
Authors: Bim Cíntia Raquel , Carvalho Brígida Gimenez de , Trelha Celita Salmaso , Ribeiro Kátia Suely Queiroz Silva , Baduy Rossana Staevie , González Alberto Durán
Published: May 2021

Abstract Introduction: Physiotherapy was included in primary health care (PHC) in order to expand access and provide comprehensive care to the population. Objective: To understand the routine and tools used by physiotherapists in primary health care and analyze the determining factors in providing care in a municipality where every basic health unit (BHU) has a physiotherapist. Methods: This is a qualitative study of nineteen physiotherapists conducted in a city of Southern Brazil, using a semistructured interview and a methodological framework for discourse analysis. Results: The main tools routinely used in the physiotherapy service are individual appointments, home visits and group work. Physiotherapy practices are influenced by public health, municipal management and BHU policies, physiotherapy profile in addition to the characteristics of the coverage area and the population being treated. Introducing health promotion measures and implementing relational technologies are the main challenges for physiotherapists, and many of these professionals already recognize their importance in promoting comprehensive care. Conclusion: Physio-therapy practices and the tools used are in line with the Primary Care Family Health Support Center (NASF-AB) model of action recommended by public policies and have been effective for many health conditions. Knowing the routine of PHC physiotherapy services may help professional training and service management, with a view to producing physiotherapy care aimed at the principle of comprehensiveness and consolidating the role of physiotherapists at this level of care.
Effectiveness of hippotherapy and therapeutic horseback riding on balance in hemiparetic patients after stroke
Authors: Silva Stephanie Bruna Carlos Azevedo , Hruschka Anna Carolina Corrêa Bicca , Moraes Andrea Gomes , Leal Josevan Cerqueira , Silva Marianne Lucena da , Paz Leonardo Petrus da Silva
Published: May 2021

Abstract Introduction: Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. Individuals who suffered stroke present numerous functional limitations. Hippo-therapy (HPOT) is proposed as capable of promoting the recovery of postural balance in patients with neurological impairment. Objective: To analyze published articles, seeking the effects of HPOT on changes in postural balance, through the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), in individuals with stroke. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published on the electronic databases PubMed, VHL, SCIELO, Cochrane, SCOPUS, WoS, and Cinahl. Keywords: "hippotherapy", "horseback riding" and "stroke" linked by the OR and AND boolean operators. The research was restricted to clinical trials in an adult population with a history of stroke. Results: Four articles were included in this meta-analysis, which used HPOT as an intervention to improve postural balance. Three studies used a mechanical device (horseback riding), and the horse. The age ranged from 61 to 71 years, being more predominant the male sex. Sessions ranged from 6 to 12 weeks of 20 to 30 minutes per session. Quality analysis using the PEDro scale demonstrated scores ranging from 6 to 8 points in the selected studies. Overall, treatment with mechanical and conventional therapy resulted in an improvement in the total BBS score. As compared with conventional therapy just studies with horseback riding was superior to conventional therapy to improve postural balance in hemiparetic stroke patients. Conclusion: There are few studies of high quality; then, it is not possible to evaluate the effectiveness of HPOT using a horse or a mechanic simulator in patients with stroke when compared with conventional therapy. Future studies could clarify if HPOT has potential benefits as a complementary therapeutic strategy to conventional physiotherapy to promote the improvement of postural balance after stroke.
Platynosomum illiciens (Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae) in a hybrid marmoset (Callithrix sp.) in the Municipality of Seropédica, RJ, Brazil – Case report
Authors: Assis Rayane Christine Pereira de , Campos Diefrey Ribeiro , Borges Debora Azevedo , Avelar Barbara Rauta de , Pereira Julia Aline Santos de Mello , Matias Carlos Alexandre Rey , Lopes Carlos Wilson Gomes , McIntosh Douglas , Scott Fabio Barbour
Published: May 2021

Abstract Platynosomum illiciens is a liver trematode encountered infecting mainly felids although it has also been reported in birds and in additional mammalian species, including non-human primates. The current study reports a natural P. illiciens infection primate of the genus Callithrix. The diagnosis was made using a combination of copro-parasitological techniques, morphological evaluation of adult specimens recovered from the liver during necropsy, and molecular analyses. Eggs were brown in color, oval, operculated, and contained a miracidium. Adult specimens recovered during necropsy were measured and showed dimensions compatible with P. illiciens. Molecular characterization of the trematode involved amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in combination with nucleotide sequencing, of an approximately 900 base pairs fragment corresponding to 18S-ITS1-5.8S ribosomal DNA. Sequenced amplicons showed 100% nucleotide identity with sequences deposited in the GenBank database as derived from specimens of P. illiciens recovered from cats in Malaysia and Brazil. It was concluded that the morphological and molecular analyses presented herein, confirmed the identification of the trematode recovered as P. illiciens.
Comparative anthelmintic efficacy of Arundo donax, Areca catechu, and Ferula assa-foetida against Haemonchus contortus
Authors: Badar Syed Nadeem , Iqbal Zafar , Sajid Muhammad Sohail , Rizwan Hafiz Muhammad , Shareef Muhammad , Malik Muhammad Abdullah , Khan Muhammad Nisar
Published: May 2021

Abstract In the present study, anthelmintic activities of Arundo (A.) donax L., Areca (Ar.) catechu L., and Ferula (F.) assa-foetida L. were determined. Leaves of A. donax L., latex of F. assa-foetida L. and seeds of Ar. catechu L. in different solvent fractions were subjected to in vitro (egg hatch assay; EHA, and adult motility assay; AMA) and in vivo (faecal egg count reduction test; FECRT) tests of anthelmintic activity using Haemonchus contortus model. In the AMA, crude aqueous methanol extracts (CAME) and ethyl acetate fractions of F. assa-foetida at 10 hr post-treatment showed maximum mortality of H. contortus at 12.5-50 mg mL-1. In the EHA, CAME of F. assa-foetida was identified as a potent ovicide based on its low LC50 (16.9 µg mL-1), followed in order by Ar. catechu and A. donax. Results from the FECRT also showed the extract of F. assa-foetida L. to be more effective than those of Ar. catechu L. and A. donax L., against the gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed better anthelmintic activities against the adult worms in vitro, while CAME of these plants were better than their crude powders in vivo. It is recommended to document and investigate indigenous knowledge of possible medicinal plants to plan scientific trials that may justify their endorsement.
Techniques for inactivating Toxoplasma gondii oocysts: a systematic review
Authors: Pinto-Ferreira Fernanda , Paschoal Aline Ticiani Pereira , Pasquali Aline Kuhn Sbruzzi , Bernardes Juliana Correa , Caldart Eloiza Teles , Freire Roberta Lemos , Mitsuka-Breganó Regina , Navarro Italmar Teodorico
Published: May 2021

Abstract The oocyst, a resistant form of Toxoplasma gondii, plays an important role in the transmission of this protozoan. The objective of this review was to report the methods capable of inactivating oocysts through a systematic review of the literature carried out in the Scientific Electronic Library Online, Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed and Scopus databases. The keywords searched were (((effects OR infectivity OR resistance) AND Toxoplasma) AND oocyst). We selected 16 articles that described 309 different treatments. Among all the protocols evaluated, 35.60% (110/309) were effective in inactivating oocysts. Physical methods were more effective than other methods (p <0.05). Sporulated oocysts and the T. gondii VEG strain were more resistant (p <0.05) to treatments. Although it is effective against viruses and bacteria, the use of disinfectants in water has little or no effect on T. gondii oocysts. The use of radiation and pressure were effective in inactivating oocysts, as these treatments do not include changes in temperature, they can be used in foods for raw consumption, such as vegetables, as it will not cause substantially changes in their physical and chemical characteristics. Therefore, these methods can be viable alternatives for the control of T. gondii.
Genomic analysis on Brazilian strains of Anaplasma marginale
Authors: Dall’Agnol Bruno , Webster Anelise , Souza Ugo Araújo , Barbieri Antonela , Mayer Fabiana Quoos , Cardoso Gisele Antoniazzi , Torres Tatiana Teixeira , Machado Rosangela Zacarias , Ferreira Carlos Alexandre Sanchez , Reck José
Published: May 2021

Abstract Anaplasma marginale is a vector-borne pathogen that causes a disease known as anaplasmosis. No sequenced genomes of Brazilian strains are yet available. The aim of this work was to compare whole genomes of Brazilian strains of A. marginale (Palmeira and Jaboticabal) with genomes of strains from other regions (USA and Australia strains). Genome sequencing of Brazilian strains was performed by means of next-generation sequencing. Reads were mapped using the genome of the Florida strain of A. marginale as a reference sequence. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions/deletions (INDELs) were identified. The data showed that two Brazilian strains grouped together in one particular clade, which grouped in a larger American group together with North American strains. Moreover, some important differences in surface proteins between the two Brazilian isolates can be discerned. These results shed light on the evolutionary history of A. marginale and provide the first genome information on South American isolates. Assessing the genome sequences of strains from different regions is essential for increasing knowledge of the pan-genome of this bacteria.
Richard Schechner ve Bir Eşiksellik Paradigması: Performans
Authors: GÜNGÖR İbrahim
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışma Richard Schechner'in 1970 sonrası antropoloji ile kurduğu yakınlaşmayla beraber üzerinde detaylı olarak durmaya başladığı ve yeni bir paradigma olarak ifade ettiği ‘performans’ düşüncesinin bir anatomisini çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Bunu yaparken de Schechner’in bir dönem birlikte çalıştığı antropolog Victor Turner'dan devralarak kullandığı ‘eşik’, aradalık (liminal) kavramı çerçevesinde bir anlatı kurulmaya çalışılmıştır. Schechner'in genelde sosyal bilimler özelde antropoloji ile kurduğu yakınlık, performans algısını değiştirdiği gibi ritüel-tiyatro ilişkisine, kültür, oyun gibi kavramlara yeni bakış açıları getirmesini de sağlamıştır. Schechner 1950'lerin sonunda Amerika'nın hareketli toplumsal ikliminde başladığı tiyatro çalışmalarını 1980 sonrası büyük ölçüde performans araştırmaları merkezine kaydırmış, tiyatro-antropoloji ilişkisini farklı açılardan ele almış ve 'performans'ı tiyatro çerçevesinde değil tiyatroyu 'performans' çerçevesinde okumuştur. Schechner’in kapsayıcı bir paradigma olarak ele aldığı performans doğa-kültür, sanat-hayat korelasyonlarının yeni perspektiflerle okunmasını sağlamaktadır. Temel olarak Schechner düşüncesi kendisini batılı, Avrupa-Amerika merkezli egemen kültürün ve onun sınırlama, sınıflama anlayışının karşısında, eşikselliklere değer veren bir alanda, ‘kesişimler, etkileşimler, belirsizlikler’ alanında konumlandırmaktadır.
Determination of the lipid composition of the GPI anchor v1
Authors: Aguilera-Romero † Auxiliadora , Sabido-Bozo † Susana , Lopez Sergio , Cortes-Garcia Alejandro , Rodriguez-Gallardo Sofia , Maria Perez-Linero Ana , Riezman Isabelle , Riezman Howard , Muñiz Manuel
Published: May 2021

In eukaryotic cells, a subset of cell surface proteins is attached by the glycolipid glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) to the external leaflet of the plasma membrane where they play important roles as enzymes, receptors, or adhesion molecules. Here we present an improved protocol for purification and mass spectrometry analysis of the lipid moiety of individual GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) in yeast. The method involves the expression of a specific GPI-AP tagged with GFP, solubilization, immunoprecipitation, separation by electrophoresis, blotting onto PVDF, release, extraction of the GPI-lipid moiety, and analysis by mass spectrometry. By using this protocol, we could determine the precise GPI-lipid structure of the GPI-AP Gas1-GFP in a modified yeast strain. This protocol can be used to identify the lipid composition of the GPI-anchor of distinct GPI-APs from yeast to mammals and can be adapted to determine other types of protein lipidation.
Deep Integration of Chinese Modern Natural Painting Color and Film Ecological Art
Authors: Jun Lin
Published: May 2021

The influence of beautiful color and composition on the film is very important. The colorful and hearty pictures not only make people have an amazing visual impact, but also enrich people's emotions. The perfect and full composition not only contains a lot of information and meaning, but also is the necessary means of plot and thinking. This paper focuses on the color and composition of the film screen. This paper analyzes and summarizes the representative typical elements to explore the beauty of the film screen. This paper puts forward that a good film should be good at using the color and composition of art to express the atmosphere and artistic conception of the film and convey the ideological connotation of the creator. This paper expounds that it is one of the inherent laws of film to interpret film with the beauty of picture. Whether it is gorgeous beauty, traditional beauty, true beauty or unsophisticated beauty, they are all different artistic expressions of beauty. The pursuit of materialization and transmission of beauty with film pictures is the essence of film art full of vitality. The experimental study shows that the viewpoint put forward in this paper is consistent with "art aesthetics takes the aesthetic phenomena, activities, laws and values in art as the research objects".
Evaluating the predictive factors affecting outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a prospective observational study
Authors: Singh Vikram , Nath Amar , Beniwal Meenu , Singh Paritev , Dahiya Rockey
Published: May 2021

Background: Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a neurosurgical emergency and timely intervention is critical for favorable outcome. We aimed to evaluate certain demographic, clinical and radiological factors for outcome prediction in TBI patients in terms of morbidity and mortality.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in 100 patients of severe TBI admitted to our hospital from September 2016 to June 2018. Those with penetrating head injury, associated severe chest, abdominal or orthopedic trauma and pregnant or lactating women were excluded. Clinical outcome was assessed at the time of discharge and after three months according to Glasgow outcome score (GOS).Results: Majority of patients were adults in the age group 20 to 39 years. Road-side accident (75%) was the commonest mode of injury followed by fall (23%) and assault (2%). Out of 100 patients, 51 had in-hospital mortality. Of 49 patients who survived for GOS assessment at 3 months, three (6.1%) patients had unfavourable GOS I to III. Presence of hypoxemia, pupil non-reactivity, computerised tomography (CT) head findings of hemorrhagic contusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), midline shift and effacement of basal cisterne were associated with significantly increased risk of unfavorable early and late outcome after severe TBI (p<0.05). Poor GCS score and fracture skull were associated with adverse early and late outcome respectively (p<0.001).Conclusions: Low GCS score at admission, pupil non reactivity, presence of hypoxemia, abnormal CT head findings (hemorrhagic contusion, SAH, midline shift and effacement of basal cisterne) were strong predictors of adverse outcome after severe TBI.
A clinical study on dyselectrolytemia and changes in renal function in patients with 25% to 60% flame burn injury
Authors: Mohanty Upasana , Dhar Pinak Pani , Patar Dipankar
Published: May 2021

Background: Severe fluid loss is the greatest problem faced following major thermal burn injuries accompanied by changes in the level of electrolytes. Standard fluid resuscitation derived from Parkland’s formula and body’s response to it is measured in terms of correction of dyselectrolytemia and urine output.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study involving 80 patients were included in the study with male patients being 28 and females being 52. Flame burns involving ≥25% - ≤60% of BSA presenting within 24 hours of flame burn injury were taken into account. Serial follow up of serum electrolytes was done on the day of presentation, day 2, day 3 and day 7 its effect on standard fluid resuscitation was studied.Results: Renal function is indirectly related to the percentage of flame burn, hence decreasing urine output and linear increase in serum creatinine is suggestive of increased surface area of burn. The mean serum sodium on the day of admission was roughly normal whereas as the days progressed there was significant hyponatremia with normalisation of day 7, whereas serum potassium was initially normal followed by hyperkalemia.Conclusions: An initial assessment involved calculation of percentage of total body surface area burn injury followed by of estimation of fluid requirement according to standard Parkland formula. Monitoring of electrolyte imbalance was noted for 2nd, 3rd and 7th day of hospitalisation. Derangements in these parameters were observed during course of admission followed by normalisation on the 7th day.
Renal function estimation done by contrast enhanced computed tomography volume percentage: a better cost-effective alternate for renogram values
Authors: Rajendran Vinothkumar , Benedict Aquinas , Murugappan Ilangovan , Shankar R.
Published: May 2021

Background: For optimal management of obstructive uropathy the function of each renoureteral unit needs to be assessed precisely. Usage of nuclear scan for estimation of split renal function has been standard technique till now. Renal parenchymal volume percentage, which is calculated through multislice CT, used as a surrogate marker of split renal function. The aim of the study was to correlate the renal volume percentage calculated from contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of kidney, ureter and bladder (KUB) with split renal function estimated by the gold standard 99mTc-DTPA (diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid) among obstructive uropathy patients.Methods: Patients who have been diagnosed as chronic unilateral renal obstruction and were requiring 99mTC-DTPA nuclear scan for functional assessment of kidneys were included as our study subjects. A total of 46 patients were taken as our study sample and for all these patients CECT KUB was done and the reports were collected and the renal volume percentage was obtained through those images. Correlation was made between the measurements made by nuclear scan and CECT images in unilateral renal obstruction patients.Results: A positive linear correlation was obtained between DTPA nuclear scan and CECT images in the detection of renal volume/renal function with r value 0.904 (p<0.05) in obstructive renal units and similarly among non-obstructive renal units the r value was 0.889 (p<0.001).Conclusions: Though 99mTc-DTPA renal scan is a safest choice by considering its less radiation exposure and no contrast requirement still cost and its universal availability make us to consider CECT as a better alternative.
Role of leucocytosis, hyperbilirubineamia, decreased mean platelet volume and increased international normalized ratio in prediction of complicated appendicitis
Authors: Soni Amit , Pipal Dharmendra K. , Bhargava Anupam , Jain Saurabh , Singh Yatindra , Sahu Vinod , . Jaypal , . Omprakash , Joshi Manoj , Pipal Vibha R.
Published: May 2021

Background: A diagnostic approach for complicated appendicitis is still controversial. We analyzed the preoperative laboratory markers that may predict complicated appendicitis.Methods: To study the role of leukocytosis, hyperbilirubinemia, decreased mean platelet volume (MPV) and increased international normalized ratio (INR) in the prediction of complicated appendicitis. Total 60 patients were enrolled and divided them into 2 groups, un-complicated (AUA) and complicated (ACA) acute appendicitis, each having 30 cases.Results: Total leucocyte count (TLC) >10000 mm³ was found in 70% of AUA cases and 80% of ACA cases serum bilirubin >1 mg/dl was found in 66.67% of AUA cases and 80 % of ACA cases. MPV<7.6 fL was found in 60% of AUA and 80% of ACA cases INR >1.2 was found in 20 % of AUA and 40% of ACA cases. TLC >10000/mm³, serum bilirubin >1 mg/dl and MPV <7.6 fL was found in 46.67% of AUA cases and 70 % of ACA cases.Conclusions: Total leucocyte count, serum bilirubin and mean platelet volume have a predictive potential for the diagnosis of complicated appendicitis.
Macroglossia and outcome of severity based treatment regime
Authors: Kumar Umesh , Huded Vijaykumar , Bera Sudipta , Jain Pradeep , Sarkar Arnab , Sharma Yasharth
Published: May 2021

Background: This study aims to categorize macroglossia patients into mild, moderate, and severe groups and formulate a treatment plan depending upon the severity of tongue involvement.Methods: Eight patients presented with macroglossia between 2018 and 2020 are reviewed retrospectively. The patients were categorized into three subgroups depending upon the clinical presentation and subjected to either sclerotherapy or surgical debulking. The clinical outcome as a reduction of size and symptomatic improvement were analyzed and categorized after a minimum of 6 months follow-up.Results: Eight patients (5 males and 3 females) aged 10-40 years with a mean age of 28.25 (SD 10.29) years were included in the study. Of eight patients, four cases were of vascular malformation, three of neurofibroma, and one was due to amyloidosis. Four patients were treated with surgery, three with sclerotherapy while one patient was managed with combined modalities. On average, 58% and 28% volume reduction were achieved with surgery and sclerotherapy respectively. Excellent, very good, and good results were obtained in 1, 3, and 4 cases respectively. Pain (2/8), edema (2/8), and distal congestion (1/8) were noted as a complication.Conclusions: Macroglossia results from various causes and the common cause being VM. Surgery and sclerotherapy are the mainstay treatment for such a condition. They remain effective when used alone or in combination and also in a staged manner depending upon the severity of macroglossia.
Analysis of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy in renal calcular disease among children: a tertiary care experience
Authors: Khan Suhail M. , Khan Azhar A. , Kanth Anzeen N. , Khan Aymen M. , Kanth Irtifa N.
Published: May 2021

Background: The aim of this study is to review 10 years of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) experience in paediatric urolithiasis patients.Methods: Data from a cohort of paediatric urolithiasis patients who underwent shock wave lithotripsy between 2012 and 2019 at department of urology, Indraprastha Apollo, New Delhi were used in a single-centre, retrospective comparative study. During a seven-year period, 250 paediatric patients (Male/female: 134/116, mean age: 10.22 years, range: 1-18) had 284 shock wave sessions in our hospital, with 208 having primary and 42 having recurrent urolithiasis. A total of 328 stones were discovered, with 192 (58.5%) in boys and 136 (41.5%) in girls. For ample stone fragmentation, one session of 200 to 3000 shockwave impulses was required, though some patients required more than 8000 impulses over 4 sessions. However, in most patients, low-energy shockwaves with a frequency of 1-2 were used to fragment the stones.Results: Younger age was associated with quicker stone clearance in our study, which was likely due to shorter urinary tracts and a smaller "barrier" between the device and the stone. Furthermore, children who had renal colic prior to lithotripsy had a considerably lower chance of removing stones within two days than those who did not. This can be explained by the colic's underlying mechanism, which evolves against the backdrop of ureteric wall spasm. Mild macrohematuria and "steinstrasse" were identified in almost all patients during the first post-lithotripsy days, as predicted during the post-op course. There were no major obstructive, infectious, or other severe complications.Conclusions: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy proved to be a safe and highly effective minimally invasive treatment of children with kidney stone disease.
Clinical and aetiological study of chronic lower limb ulcers
Authors: Kuntoji Shrikant B. , Guduru Pavan Kumar
Published: May 2021

Background: Chronic ulceration of the lower leg is a frequent condition, with a prevalence in the population over 60 years of age. The incidence of ulceration is rising as a result of the ageing population and increased risk factors for atherosclerotic occlusion such as smoking, obesity and diabetes. Ulcers can be defined as wounds with a ‘full thickness depth’ and a ‘slow healing tendency”. In general, the slow healing tendency is not simply explained by depth and size, but caused by an underlying pathogenetic factor that needs to be removed to induce healing. The main causes are venous valve insufficiency, lower extremity arterial disease and diabetes, less frequent conditions are infection, vasculitis, skin malignancies and ulcerating skin diseases such as pyoderma gangrenosum. For a proper treatment of patients with leg ulcers it is important to be aware of the large differential diagnosis of leg ulceration and to effectively manage the conditions.Methods: Prospective study of 80 cases of chronic lower limb ulcers admitted at S. Nijalingappa medical college and HSK hospital and research centre, Bagalkot during the period January 2019 to June 2020, with regular dressings, debridement, skin grafting’s, amputations, treating underlying systemic diseases were done.Results: In a study of 80 cases, most of the patients with lower limb ulcers had an underlying systemic disease like diabetes, vascular insufficiency both arterial and venous.Conclusions: In a prospective study of 80 patients having chronic lower limb ulcers the commonest ulcer was diabetic foot ulcers followed by arterial/ischemic ulcers. The highest incidence is seen in sixth decade of life with male predominance.
A case control study on the risk factors of non-syndromic orofacial clefts
Authors: Thomas Joe , Anthoorathodi Jubina Bency , Maria Gemsy , Jose Femy , George Glare , Sreenivasan Harimurali , Rahman Hilal A. , James Joel D. , G. Unnikrishnan U.
Published: May 2021

Background: Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are the most common craniofacial malformation of the new born in the world. In India OFCs are the 3rd most common congenital anomaly following anencephaly and club foot. Objectives were to study the association of family history, medications during pregnancy, passive smoking with non-syndromic OFC, and to determine the pattern of OFCs in the study population.Methods: This is a hospital-based, matched case-control study conducted in a tertiary care centre, Thrissur, Kerala. We interviewed 30 mothers of children affected by non-syndromic OFCs. Mothers were asked about their sociodemographic details and other suspected risk factors using a semi structured questionnaire.Results: In our study unilateral left sided cleft lip was found to be more prevalent 62%. Those who had a family history of OFCs was found to have a significantly higher risk of OFC (OR 26.333). Medications for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, thyroid dysfunction, bronchial asthma, analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) during first trimester of pregnancy posed a higher risk for OFCs (OR 7.222). Maternal age at pregnancy greater than or equal to 30 was also found to be a significant risk factor.Conclusions: In our study we found out that family history is a risk factor for OFCs. We conclude that exposure of the mother to passive smoking should be avoided during pregnancy and family members should be made aware of the health hazards of passive smoking. Medications should only be taken after consulting a doctor preferably an obstetrician. Self-medication during pregnancy should be strictly avoided.
Magnetic nanoparticle technique versus radioisotope technique in detection of sentinel lymph node in early breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Salman Muhammad , Macano Christina , Sharma Rishabha D. , Antequerra Alfonso
Published: May 2021

Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the standard technique to stage the axilla in early breast cancer. The gold standard is the dual technique of radioisotope and blue dye injection. The drawbacks of dual technique include handling and disposal of radioactive material. Equally reliable, user and patient friendly, magnetic tracer super paramagnetic iron oxide, was compared with the radioisotope tracer in detection of Sentinel lymph node in a clinically node negative axilla in early breast cancer in this meta-analysis, with emphasis on the utility and safety of both techniques. PubMed, Medline were searched from April 2015 to October 2019. 1395 patients’ data was included from seven homogenous studies in this meta-analysis. A statistical analysis was performed using STATA 16.1 version for sentinel lymph node detection rate using standard technique, magnetic tracer technique and both techniques. Ratio of successes and failures of the outcomes was measured and analysed. A paired two sample ‘Z’ test was performed to compare between the standard technique and magnetic tracer techniques. The standardised mean difference of ratio of success rate between two techniques was; 1.013334 with a p value of 0.3136.The standardised mean difference of ratio of failure rate between two techniques was 1.016667, with a p value of 0.3132. Success and failure rate showed statistically no significant difference between the two techniques. This two-way analysis with paired two sample ‘Z’ test confirms that neither standard technique nor magnetic tracer techniques are superior or inferior to each other.
Large retroperitoneal hematoma in a patient with haemophilia B
Authors: Beedubailu Ramya , Tubachi Prashant
Published: May 2021

A spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma is very rare and quite a challenging entity, more so when its presentation mimics other more common causes of acute abdomen, as in this interesting case. Here, patient presented with acute abdomen with polyarthralgia with flank ecchymosis (Grey Turner’s sign) with flank mass which lead us in the direction of acute pancreatitis. However, past history of recurrent bleeding episodes and positive family history along with blood investigations revealing an isolated prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time tickled our brains with the differentials of coagulation disorders. Computed tomography showed large retroperitoneal hematoma. After initial resuscitation in the emergency room he was managed conservatively with fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate and blood transfusions. On detailed evaluation, coagulation workup showed deficient coagulation factor IX levels leading us to the diagnosis of haemophilia B. Now, the patient is doing good on regular follow up.