bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Design and Application of Computer Security Management Information System in Coal Mine
Authors: Yang Ziguang , Xu Hong
Published: October 2015

With the development of coal technologies, the previous management mode has been unable to meet the
requirements of modern coal mine construction, so it is essential to design a new and effective security management
information system. The design of this system is based on B / S structure, which main function is to collect and analysis
the basic information of coal mine. In such a management information system, administrators can keep abreast of
information in coal mine, detecting the abnormal situation timely and solving the problem effectively. Besides, the
information input module in the system is easy to use, and users can also filter the information when using the system to
inquiry, the query results can be outputted in tabular form. The system can also sort out all kinds of violation cases and
accidents in the form of security information report, showing to the administrators. In another data analysis module of the
system, it reveals the contents of the security information table by a bar chart. To ensure the security of the system, login
steps are needed. Anyone who entering this system can modify the password, but each person’s permission is different,
and they can only operate within their own permission scope.
Design of Intelligent Surveillance System Based on Wireless Video Transmission and PID Multiplexed Control Strategy
Authors: Li Chuanfeng , Shu Yunxing , Zhao Mingming
Published: October 2015

A kind of wireless video transmission intelligence surveillance system is developed to perform work normally
done by human being in hazardous environment, narrow space, as well as chemical and toxic places. This system consists
of two main parts: a host computer with monitoring software and a mobile intelligent vehicle. The host computer software
can provide real-time display of video, temperature, humidity, light intensity and other environmental information collected
by the intelligent vehicle, and can control the movement direction, movement speed of the intelligent vehicle as well as
the camera platform angle with control buttons. The vehicle can collect images and sensor data, and transmit them to the
host computer via wireless fidelity (WIFI). The speed of intelligent vehicle is regulated by joint control of position type
proportion integration differentiation (PID) and bang-bang control strategy. The video is captured by universal serial bus
(USB) interface camera, and transmitted to the host computer by WIFI for real-time display. The testing results show that
the system can not only display clear video images, but also accurately display the dynamic data of sensors. At the same
time, the host computer can reliably control the multi-directional movement, grabbing obstacles and changing camera
platform angle of the intelligent vehicle.
A New-Type Swing Chamber Artillery Sealing Structure Optimization
Authors: Longmiao Chen , Qiang Fu
Published: October 2015

To solve the extracting problem caused by the sealing structure design of a new-type swing chamber artillery,
the sealing system was analyzed and the sealing reliability standard was established. Based on the multi-disciplinary
design optimization platform and the large-scale nonlinear FEA software ABAQUS, with the residual contact force as
optimized objective and the standard as constraint, the optimized simulation has been conducted to the sealing structure.
The optimization results show that in case the sealing time changed not so much, 25.76% of the extracting force would be
reduced. Experiments show that the success of the sealing systems provides a way for solving engineering-related
problems.
Modeling and Simulation of Nanofluid Minimum Quantity Lubrication
Surface Grinding Thermal Stress
Authors: Zhang Yanbin , Li Changhe , Yang Min , Jia Dongzhou , Zhang Dongkun , Zhang Xiaowei
Published: October 2015

The model of surface grinding with a nanoparticle jet flow of MQL was established. The surface grinding
thermal stress of three workpiece materials, namely, 45 Steel, 2Cr13, and nano-ZrO2 dental ceramic, were numerically
simulated. Results show that dry grinding generates larger tensile stress, whereas MQL grinding generates larger
compressive stress. The finished surface of workpiece produces large tensile stress in grinding direction. With the increase
of cutting depth, the time-related variation of thermal stress on finished surface slows down gradually. Residual stress is
inversely proportional to cutting depth. With the increase of cutting depth, the finished surface of workpiece is firstly
dominated by large tensile stress, which decreases continuously until reaching the maximum compressive stress. Deeper
layer is less influenced by temperature field, manifested by smaller stress value and slight variation of the whole stress
field.
Mechanical Analysis of Stayed Bridge
Authors: Tie Chen , Ruichuan Zhou
Published: October 2015

Cable stayed bridge, also known as the cable-stayed bridge is of box girder with many cable directly to the
towers is a kind of bridge, is by the pressure of the tower, tension of cable and bending bearing beams of a structure
system. It can be considered as a continuous beam of multi span elastic supports for the cable instead of a pier. It can
reduce the moment of the beam, reduce the height of the building, it reduce the weight of the structure and save the
material. Stayed Bridge is a new form of bridge structure, The bridge structure special and complex forces, The deck
transverse load and live load is to balance by tilting tower, By the general theory to analyze the cable-stayed bridge stayed
bridge, The key is to consider the main tower tilt, Leaning further stress analysis, drawn stayed bridge mechanics analysis
method.
Foundry and Development of Ductile Iron Crankshaft
Authors: Liu Song
Published: October 2015

In this paper, we introduce the production of ductile iron crankshaft of the engine status quo and development.
Ductile iron crankshaft discussed smelting process, alloying and manufacturing process mode. This paper focuses on the
application of isothermal hardened spheroidal graphite cast iron in the crankshaft, especially its application in the power
of the engine crankshaft. We also introduce a way for casting production technique of high strength-high toughness
nodular iron crankshaft. In order to increase the strength, toughness of the nodular iron crankshaft and improve casting
quality, a series of investigations were carried out on the mini-amount alloying technique, control technique of iron melt
eutectic point, nodularizing treating technique, curved parting method and the structure normalization process and, as the
result, the high-strength and high toughness nodular iron crankshaft was successfully developed. The tensile strength of
the crankshaft was increased from original 872 MPa to 927 MPa.
Cost Control of Material Substitution in Steel Enterprise
Authors: Wang Ya-Jun , Yan Hui-Jie , Yin Zhang-Xuan , Zhang Hao , Wang Shi-Qi
Published: October 2015

For dealing with cost control problems of material substitution in steel production process in make-to-order
steel enterprise, we established the substitution rules of material substitution and built up the cost optimized controlling
model for material substitution. The objective function of this model was to minimize the total cost of both stock and task
lateness. We made use of Operations Research and Genetic Algorithm to solve this model. Finally, we also conducted the
application research for the model and algorithm, and its promising future was revealed.
Research on the Optimization of the Vibration Reduction Seat Based on
Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Chen Zhen , Chen Xinya , Zhao Yang
Published: October 2015

Adopting the parallel mechanism as the main body of the seat and the active joints with spring damping
elements as the vibration actuator, we established the damping seat model with the parallel mechanism of six degrees of
freedom 3-PRPS. To achieve good damping effect, the damping space and flexibility of the mechanism were improved by
affecting the velocity matrix with branched speed built by vectors. Optimal parameter values were obtained by genetic
algorithm. Finally, results were synthesized and verified to provide an important theoretical basis for the practical
application of the mechanism.
Experimental Study on Shear Property of Integrated Sandwich Panel of
Aluminum Honeycomb and Epoxy Resin
Authors: Yaju Xin , Xuya Zhao , Xiaoman Liu , Rui Tie , Shuliang Cheng
Published: October 2015

In order to realize functional integration, a new kind of sandwich panel was made. By carrying out quasi-static
shear experiments, its elastic modulus and ultimate bearing capacity with different resin immersing thickness, additional
layer thickness of resin and specimen thickness were investigated. The load - displacement curves and failure models
were obtained, which were compared with the traditional aluminum honeycomb sandwich panel. The experiments indicated
that the integrated aluminum honeycomb and epoxy resin sandwich panel’s shearing process undergoes three phases:
elasticity, yield and destruction. The specimen’s elastic modulus and ultimate bearing capacity increase with the increase
of the resin thickness, additional layer thickness of resin and the specimen thickness, which greatly improve compared
to the traditional sandwich structure. The composite layer and the core show good stability under shearing process,
and there is no peeling-off or cracking between the composite layer and the core.
Research on the Impact of Honeycomb Sandwich Plates at Natural
Frequency Changed with Geometric Parameters
Authors: Liu Xiaoman , Du Guojun , Niu Xiaoxia
Published: October 2015

In this paper, in order to find the impact of sandwich plates at natural frequency changed with its geometric and
physical parameters, we deduced free vibration equation derived sandwich panels. We took the hexagonal honeycomb
sandwich plates as example, and derived natural frequencies for each for use in the modeling and modal analysis, and then
discussed the effect of skin thickness, core spacing and core height on the natural frequency of honeycomb sandwich
plates. The result shows that the honeycomb sandwich plates have great rigidity, and compared to other parameters, the
change of core height has a greater impact on the natural frequencies of honeycomb sandwich plates. When the surface
thickness of quadrilateral honeycomb sandwich plates becomes thicker, its natural frequency increases with increasing
length of core grid. When sandwich mesh length reaches a certain level, the natural frequency increased firstly and then
decreased. When the sandwich mesh length is longer enough, the frequency decreased with the increase in the length.
When the core height increased, the natural frequency increased. When the quadrilateral mesh becomes longer, its natural
frequency appears to decline after the initial increase. The influence of geometric parameters on hexagonal honeycomb
sandwich plates is same as on quadrilateral honeycomb and other soft sandwich plates. Later experiments confirmed some
of above conclusions.
The Impact of Deep Brain Stimulation on Sleep and Olfactory Function in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Breen David P , Low Hu Liang , Misbahuddin Anjum
Published: October 2015

Objective:

Relatively little is known about the effects of deep brain stimulation on non-motor symptoms. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the impact of deep brain stimulation on sleep and olfactory function in Parkinson’s disease.

Methods:

Subjective sleep quality and olfactory testing were performed on 11 consecutive Parkinson’s disease patients (eight men and three women) undergoing bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation. All patients consented to undergo clinical assessments prior to the procedure, and at regular intervals afterwards.

Results:

Subjective sleep quality improved at six months following deep brain stimulation and this benefit was sustained in the majority of patients at later follow-up assessments. There was no significant change in olfactory function following deep brain stimulation.

Conclusions:

In addition to having beneficial effects on motor function and quality of life, bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation improves subjective sleep quality in Parkinson’s disease.
RAGA-PPE Model for Power Quality Comprehensive Evaluation
Authors: Yu Yunjun , Xue Yuntao , Tong Chao , Peng Sui , Xin Jianbo , Su Wenbing
Published: October 2015

This paper proposes RAGA-PPE comprehensive assessment model specifically for high-dimensional index
system issue in order to conduct comprehensive evaluation of the power quality of multi-index regional power grid from
three dimensions of index, time and region through adjustment of time factor size. The model adopts PPE to convert
power index of multidimensional data to lower-dimensional subspace and compress multiple power indexes to single
power index for systematic comprehensive evaluation, which overcomes shortcomings such as influences of human and
subjective factors and local optimization in conventional assessment methods. Improved RAGA based on real coding is
used for optimization of target function to reduce optimization workload and search out the optimal projection direction
rapidly. The optimal projection direction subject to optimization reflects the degree of importance of various power
indexes for comprehensive evaluation of power quality. Examples prove that the evaluation model is simple in
computation, good in applicability, and accurate and objective in evaluation result, providing a new method and thought
for decision of comprehensive evaluation for power quality.
Evaluation of Hydraulic Characteristics of the Normal Fault Based on Key Data
Authors: Wang Qi , Wang Xinyi , Liu Xiaoman , Ji Hongying , Hou Quanlin
Published: October 2015

Based on the data of geological drill holes, roadway drifting, transient electromagnetic exploration, mine water
inrushes, hydro-geochemistry and water levels on each side of the Haotang Normal Fault, this paper studies the waterbearing
capacity and water conductivity of the fault in the Pingdingshan Tian’an Mining Company Limited No. 7 Coal
Mine. The results indicate that the Haotang Fault is subject to compressive or shear-compressive stresses. The waterbearing
capacity and water conductivity of the fault is poor. The water content of the Cambrian limestone in footwall is
higher than that in hanging wall, and the mining threat of 15 coal seam in the south district (footwall) is greater than that in
the north district (hanging wall).
Estimation of Forest Biomass Energy Resources Based on Bottom-up
Approach in China
Authors: Zhang Lan , Yu Dan , Zhang Caihong , Zhang Weidong
Published: October 2015

Currently, the forest biomass energy development is at an initial stage and the estimation method for the forest
biomass energy resource reserve is to be unified and refined although there is a great value and potential in the
development and utilization of forest biomass energy in China. Based on the existing studies, the present paper analyzes
the origins and types of forest biomass energy resources in the perspective of sustainable forestry management, constructs
the estimation model using a bottom-up approach, and estimates the total existing forest biomass energy resource reserve
in China based on the data of the 7th Forest Resource Survey. The estimation method and the calculation results provide
the important theoretical ground for promoting the rational development of forest biomass energy in China.
Underground Coal Mine Positioning System Based on RSSI Positioning
Algorithm Improved Through the BP Learning Training
Authors: Chen Yan-Xiu
Published: October 2015

The influence of the coal mine geographic environment on the electromagnetic transmission might result in the
difficulty of wireless positioning under the mine. Concerning that the influence of the underground working face on the
wireless signal attenuation is mainly reflected through the electricity path attenuated and based on the underground
geographic differences, two corresponding electromagnetic loss models are established. Under the conditions of low
energy consumption and no need for hardware devices, RISS algorithm is found suitable to be used in the underground
coal mine. However, the problems of large error and poor precision still exist. This paper first introduces the standard
deviation threshold, TSA, as decided by the practical environment; then compares it with the standard deviation, RSA,
obtained by the calculation of every target node to finally obtain the modified value of RSS. Based on that, the BP
algorithm is introduced for learning training, improvement of the positioning error rate and the system’s positioning
precision.
A Brief Study on Green Technology Innovation of China’s Coal
Enterprises
Authors: Xiaomeng Hao , Ping Lei
Published: October 2015

Tradeoffs between economy, safety and environmental protection have become a great concern for China’s
coal enterprises since long time ago. One promising solution is the green technology innovation in the coal enterprises.
The problems existing in China’s coal enterprises are briefly introduced at first, and then the following steps are proposed
to fully develop the green technology innovation system. Firstly, the concept of green technology innovation is
introduced. Secondly, education of sustainable development should be promoted. Thirdly, organization systems that are
compatible with the green technology innovation should be built. Last but not least, green technology innovation should
be a target for development strategies of the enterprise.
A novel animal migration algorithm for global numerical optimization
Authors: Luo Qifang , Ma Mingzhi , Zhou Yongquan
Published: October 2015

Animal migration optimization (AMO) searches optimization solutions by
migration process and updating process. In this paper, a novel migration
process has been proposed to improve the exploration and exploitation ability
of the animal migration optimization. Twenty-three typical benchmark test
functions are applied to verify the effects of these improvements. The
results show that the improved algorithm has faster convergence speed and
higher convergence precision than the original animal migration optimization
and other some intelligent optimization algorithms such as particle swarm
optimization (PSO), cuckoo search (CS), firefly algorithm (FA), bat-inspired
algorithm (BA) and artificial bee colony (ABC).
Lung Pathology in Pediatric Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
Authors: Pogoriler Jennifer E. , Kulik Thomas J. , Casey Alicia M. , Baird Christopher W. , Mullen Mary P. , Jenkins Kathy J. , Vargas Sara O.
Published: October 2015

Pulmonary vein stenosis is a rare progressive narrowing of the extrapulmonary pulmonary veins, presenting predominantly in infancy and virtually always lethal. It typically arises following repair of congenital heart disease, particularly anomalous pulmonary venous return. Histologic characterization of pediatric pulmonary vein stenosis, not previously well described, may provide insight into the disease pathobiology. We retrieved archival lung specimens (biopsy, explant, or autopsy) from patients with pediatric pulmonary vein stenosis. Medical records were reviewed. Microscopic examination included hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)–stained slides, and for a subset of patients, elastic, trichrome, smooth-muscle actin, and D2-40. Groups with different clinical disease features were compared using Fisher's exact test. A total of 33 patients (median age, 7 months) had available tissue and 52% had congenital heart disease; 18% were premature. Within the lungs, interlobular septal veins showed thickened muscular coats (in 58%), proliferation/tortuosity (in 6%), and fibromyxoid intimal proliferation (in 3%). Associated arterial hypertensive changes were seen in 30 (91%). The one patient with intrapulmonary venous fibromyxoid intimal proliferation was the only patient with apparent primary familial disease. Lymphangiectasia and arterial medial hypertrophy were histologic features that correlated with clinical grouping. We conclude that in pediatric pulmonary vein stenosis, intrapulmonary pulmonary veins commonly show muscular thickening, best interpreted as venous hypertensive remodeling. Fibromyxoid intimal proliferation resembling that of the extrapulmonary pulmonary veins is uncommon. Awareness of intrapulmonary features in various clinical subtypes of pulmonary vein stenosis may be diagnostically and therapeutically informative considering that current catheter-based and surgical therapy is directed at the extrapulmonary component of pulmonary vein stenosis.
Effect of otitis media with effusion on brainstem timing in children
Authors: El-Kabarity Rasha H. , Abdel Rahman Tayseer T. , Abdel Kader Hesham A. , Sanyelbhaa Hossam
Published: October 2015

Objective:

Otitis media with effusion (OME) in early childhood may cause a central auditory processing disorder. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of prolonged OME in children on central auditory function using speech-ABR.

Study design:

Fifty-five children (31 males, 24 females) with bilateral OME were included in the present study. Their ages ranged from five to 11 years. According to the duration of the OME, the study group was divided into two groups: Group I (25 subjects with OME of long duration) and Group II (30 subjects with recent-onset OME). Responses to click evoked auditory brainstem response (click-ABR) and speech evoked auditory brainstem response (speech-ABR) were collected from the study groups I and II.

Results:

A Student's t-test revealed non-significant differences between groups I and II regarding different click-ABR parameters; absolute and interpeak latencies (I–III, III–V, and I–V). There were significant temporally delayed speech-ABR responses for the onset and offset of the stimulus (waves V, A and O), and reduction in VA slope in Group I compared to Group II.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that OME of long duration in children is associated with deficient neural timing in response to the onset and offset of transient speech stimuli, resulting in a subtle impairment of speech encoding at the brainstem.
Primary auditory symptoms in patients with normal peripheral hearing sensitivity
Authors: Shinn Jennifer , Long Ashleigh , Rayle Chris , Bush Matthew
Published: October 2015

Objective:

Hearing loss has historically been defined as a ‘sudden or gradual decrease in how well you can hear’ (1). This is characterized by a set of strict criteria which evaluate the intensity level at which one hears critical frequencies needed to understand speech. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the number of patients in an otolaryngology practice at an academic medical center who present with auditory complaints yet demonstrate normal audiograms.

Study design:

The study was a retrospective chart review that examined 498 patients over a four-year period.

Results:

Results demonstrated that while nearly half of the patients’ primary complaint was hearing loss (48%), a large number also reported tinnitus (39%) and auditory processing difficulties (13%).

Conclusions:

Patients who report concerns regarding abnormal auditory perceptions (hearing loss, tinnitus and/or auditory processing) yet present with normal peripheral hearing sensitivity via pure tone audiometry, represent an important clinical population that deserves further attention.
Delayed Graft Dislocation After Thoracic Aortic Endovascular Repair
Authors: Piffaretti G , Negri S , Ferraro S , Bossi M , Rivolta N , Fontana F , Castelli P
Published: October 2015

Background Endograft dislocation in thoracic aorta has not been widely studied.Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the incidence and predisposing factor in a single centre experience after 117 procedures.Method Between November 2000 and December 2011, all consecutive patients undergoing endovascular repair for descending thoracic or thoraco-abdominal aortic disease were identified. Follow-up imaging protocol included triple-phase CT-angiography at 1, 4, and 12 months, and annually thereafter. Migration was defined as proximal/ distal movements >10 mm relative to anatomical landmarks or any movement leading to symptoms or reintervention.Result We identified 117 patients. Mean follow-up was 32 months (range, 1-144). Overall, five (4.3%) patients with thoracic EG dislocation were identified. Dislocation was classified as collapse/infolding in 3 cases and migration in 2. Mean delay of the dislocation was 12.7 months. Only one patient developed symptoms and required an additional endograft. In the group of dislocated endografts, mean age (53 ± 20 vs. 68 ± 15, P = .032) and the diameter of the aortic lesion were lower (4.1cm ± 1.6 vs. 5.6cm ± 1.8, P = .069), and the proximal landing zone at “zones 2 and 3” were more frequently used (5 vs. 65, P = 0.81). All but one patient with collapse/infolding are still alive and doing well at a mean follow-up of 80 months.Conclusion Dislocation is an infrequent complication, but not so rare. Young age, small aortic diameter , and proximal sealing at the distal arch were the most important data associated with this complication.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(2) 2014: 97-100
In vivo hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic study of Oncocalyx glabratus
Authors: Ahmed Sarfaraz , Mothana Ramzi A. , Al-Rehaily Adnan J.
Published: October 2015

The present study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic potential of Oncocalyx glabratus. The extracts and fractions of plant were administrated orally to mice at a dose of 400 mg/kg. The hypoglycemic effect, glucose tolerance test and lipid profile were assessed in treated mice, compared with normal, diabetic and standard drug treated mice. In the hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic study the extracts and fraction reduced blood glucose level and achieved the significant value (p<0.001). The glucose tolerance test was performed in mice loaded with 3 g/kg glucose solution. n-Hexane extract and water fraction reduced the glucose level significantly (p<0.001) after 60, 90 and 120 min conversely ethyl acetate and methanol extracts showed the significant (p<0.001) reduction after 90 and 120 min. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts showed substantial changes in biochemical parameters, compared to the standard drug. So, the study suggested the hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic activity of the title plant.

 
‘Normal Man’ and the Modernist Long Novel: Gertrude Stein's The Making of Americans and Robert Musil's The Man Without Qualities
Authors: Glaubitz Nicola
Published: October 2015

This article argues that the principles organizing the long novels The Making of Americans and The Man Without Qualities can be compared on the grounds of a shared origin in the empirical and experimental sciences of the nineteenth century, and that both authors address the problem of how to narrate featureless statistical or average persons. Stein and Musil develop similar techniques of presenting characters as elements of a mass and as a mass of provisionally related elements that differ in key respects from earlier, nineteenth-century representations of ‘normal man’, for example in the work of Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allan Poe, and George Eliot. I argue that short fictional forms (as well as the realist long novel) privilege the epistemological function of narrative in order to come to terms with the dissolution of character implicit in the notion of statistical persons. The long modernist form, by contrast, abandons narrative in order to explore the scope and the limits of quantitative perspectives on human beings in society, and introduces nonlinear structures that bring the significance of long and short forms, and the micro- and macropoetic dimensions of texts into a productive tension.
Alternative Temporalities: Queer Time in Marcel Proust's A la recherche du temps perdu and Dorothy Richardson's Pilgrimage
Authors: Kilian Eveline
Published: October 2015

This paper uses the concept of queer time to examine the functions of the alternative temporalities created in Proust's Recherche and Richardson's Pilgrimage. It argues that despite obvious similarities between the two works in the relevance they attribute to those privileged moments in which linear time can be transcended, there are also marked differences which are at least partly related to the question of gender. Despite its being triggered by experiences of ex-temporality, the writing project of Proust's narrator is clearly embedded in conceptions of generational time, and his calculated management of the homosexual closet requires an absolute control over his material and a heterosexual framing. Thus in the Recherche queer time only surfaces in isolated moments and does not unfold a sustained impact on the novel, whereas in Pilgrimage the female protagonist's moments of being produce a life-sustaining queer energy that permeates the whole text and helps her to withstand the pressure of heteronormativity and explore queer time as a way of being and living and, ultimately, as a mode of writing and reading.
A Preliminary Report on a newly discovered Petroglyphic Complex near Jorbat, the Plain of Jajarm, Northeastern Iran
Authors: Vahdati Ali A.
Published: October 2015

Petroglyphs are significant for the study of ancient cultures and economic activities as well as for their aesthetic qualities as an artistic expression. The newly discovered petroglyphic site of Jorbat to the north of the plain of Jajarm is one of the largest rock-art complexes of Iran. In terms of chronological depth, quantity, and quality of imagery, it is the richest complex in Northeastern Iran. Ranging from late Bronze Age to the ethnographic period, the rock art imagery of Jorbat has close parallels both in petroglyphic sites of the Central plateau of Iran and the Central Asian steppes. In this article, the most important images and compositions of the complex are briefly described. Using a comparative approach, an attempt is made to date and occasionally interpret images in their historical-geographical context.
Natufian Bone Artefacts from Nahal Oren, Mt. Carmel, Israel
Authors: Ashkenazy Hila , Belfer-Cohen Anna , Rabinovich Rivka
Published: October 2015

Nahal Oren is a large Late Natufian site, which mostly served as a burial ground. Two series of excavations were conducted on this site providing a plethora of material remains. This article deals with the bone artefact assemblage from the fi rst series of excavations on the terrace. Lack of data pertaining to stratigraphic and spatial distribution of the bone items, as well as no data concerning the faunal assemblage, permits only a basic typological analysis of the bone artefacts. The assemblage comprises 90 items that generally accord typologically with other Natufian bone artefact assemblages reported in the literature. At the same time, some characteristics are evaluated and discussed herein.
Reconciling Nature and Culture after « Naissance des divinités, Naissance de l’agriculture »
Authors: Miller Naomi F.
Published: October 2015

Dans Naissance des divinités, Naissance de l’agriculture, Jacques Cauvin suggère que l’agriculture n’aurait pas pu apparaître sans une mutation mentale préalable et soudaine, et que le cas du Proche-Orient est exceptionnel. L’accent mis sur la primauté des idées l’amène à rabaisser l’influence des cueilleurs sur leur environnement et à supposer de façon erronée que l’agriculture représentait un contrôle de la nature, qualitativement novateur. Les populations anciennes avaient manifestement une excellente connaissance de leur environnement physique, biotique et socioculturel et les sociétés qui leur ont succédé ont oeuvré avec les contraintes imposées dans tous ces domaines.
Comment penser la néolithisation en Asie centrale (Xe-IVe millénaires) ? L’émergence de nouveaux modèles de sociétés entre sédentaires et nomades
Authors: Brunet Frédérique
Published: October 2015

Cet article porte sur les processus originaux de néolithisation en Asie centrale (Xe-IVe millénaires av. J.-C.), qui présentent des modèles alternatifs à ceux, classiques, identifiés en Asie et notamment au Proche-et au Moyen-Orient. Il met en évidence, dans la perspective d’une réflexion cognitive, l’existence d’une transformation des mentalités en Asie centrale depuis le Paléolithique supérieur, processus qui se poursuit au Néolithique, puis au Bronze, en distinguant des clés de lecture, bien que le contexte néolithique centrasiatique, en apparence dénué d’expressions symboliques, ne semble pas s’y prêter. La compréhension des facteurs et des raisons ayant pu mener à ce changement, par l’examen des différentes sphères de la société néolithique, ainsi que la meilleure définition, voire même la mise en évidence, du Chalcolithique dans cette région constituent un enjeu essentiel. Ainsi, c’est une conceptualisation de la néolithisation en Asie centrale, qui est proposée en présentant des schémas de sociétés au-delà de la simple dichotomie nomade/ sédentaire. La synthèse critique des données, associée à la prise en compte de résultats encore inédits issus de recherches récentes, notamment en Ouzbékistan, conduit à examiner les mécanismes d’émergence non pas du Néolithique mais des Néolithiques sur ce territoire, à distinguer des foyers autochtones de néolithisation et à caractériser les nouvelles sociétés émergentes (Jeitun/ Anau/ Namazga ; Kel’teminar ; Atbasar/ Botai ; Hissar) qui développent une identité culturelle spécifique. Ces dernières s’inscrivent dans une nouvelle géographie culturelle de l’Asie centrale, traversée par des réseaux de relation complexes, qui s’est mise en place à la fin du Pléistocène et au début de l’Holocène ancien, période qui voit un changement important, voire une rupture, caractérisé par l’apparition, sur tout le territoire, d’industries microlamellaires à lamellaires associées à l’utilisation de la percussion indirecte et surtout de la pression.
La valeur juridique des codes de conduite privés dans le domaine de l'environnement
Authors: Racine Jean-Baptiste
Published: October 2015

L'époque contemporaine assiste à une multiplication des codes de conduite privés dans le domaine de l'environnement, dont la Charte pour un développement durable est l'exemple le plus connu. Les engagements contenus dans ces codes sont à première vue dépourvus de valeur juridique. Il s'agirait de simples déclarations de principe non sanctionnées juridiquement. Cependant, refuser de considérer les codes de conduite privés comme une source de droit engendre des risques quant à la régulation du secteur de l'environnement. La présence de codes de conduite peut inciter l'Etat à ne pas intervenir, ou à moins intervenir, sachant que les entreprises s'autorégulent. Si l'on ne reconnaît pas le caractère d'engagement juridique aux codes de conduite, le moins d'Etat se traduira par une liberté excessive confiée aux entreprises. Il est possible de conférer aux codes de conduite une valeur juridique. L'ordre juridique contient les moyens de leur juridicisation, notamment par le biais des standards juridiques que sont la faute et la bonne foi.
A strategy to recover a high‐quality, complete plastid sequence from low‐coverage whole‐genome sequencing
Authors: Garaycochea Silvia , Speranza Pablo , Alvarez‐Valin Fernando
Published: October 2015

Premise of the study:

We developed a bioinformatic strategy to recover and assemble a chloroplast genome using data derived from low‐coverage 454 GS FLX/Roche whole‐genome sequencing.

Methods:

A comparative genomics approach was applied to obtain the complete chloroplast genome from a weedy biotype of rice from Uruguay. We also applied appropriate filters to discriminate reads representing novel DNA transfer events between the chloroplast and nuclear genomes.

Results:

From a set of 295,159 reads (96 Mb data), we assembled the chloroplast genome into two contigs. This weedy rice was classified based on 23 polymorphic regions identified by comparison with reference chloroplast genomes. We detected recent and past events of genetic material transfer between the chloroplast and nuclear genomes and estimated their occurrence frequency.

Discussion:

We obtained a high‐quality complete chloroplast genome sequence from low‐coverage sequencing data. Intergenome DNA transfer appears to be more frequent than previously thought.
A new technique to prepare hard fruits and seeds for anatomical studies
Authors: Benedict John C.
Published: October 2015

Premise of the study:

A novel preparation technique was developed to examine fruits and seeds of plants with exceptionally hard or brittle tissues that are very difficult to prepare using standard histological techniques.

Methods and Results:

The method introduced here was modified from a technique employed on fossil material and has been adapted for use on fruits and seeds of extant plants. A variety of fruits and seeds have been prepared with great success, and the technique will be useful for any excessively hard fruits or seeds that are not able to be prepared using traditional embedding or sectioning methods.

Conclusions:

When compared to existing techniques for obtaining anatomical features of fruits and seeds, the protocol described here has the potential to create high‐quality thin sections of materials that are not able to be sectioned using traditional histological techniques, which can be produced quickly and without the need for harmful chemicals.
The Effect of Physical Activity on Cardiometabolic Health and Inflammation in Treated HIV Infection
Authors: Dirajlal-Fargo Sahera , Webel Allison R , Longenecker Chris T , Kinley Bruce , Labbato Danielle , Sattar Abdus , McComsey Grace A
Published: October 2015

Background

In HIV-uninfected populations, physical activity decreases mortality and inflammation. Inflammation is a potential cause of comorbidities in HIV+ adults, the evidence examining the effect of physical activity on cardiometabolic health is limited. This analysis examines the relationship between physical activity, cardiometabolic health and inflammation.

Methods

We conducted a nested study within the SATURN-HIV trial in which 147 HIV+ adults were randomized to 10 mg daily rosuvastatin or placebo. Measures of physical activity, cardiometabolic health, inflammation and vascular disease (carotid artery intima media thickness and computed tomography-acquired measures pericardial fat volume) were assessed at baseline and through 96 weeks. Spearman correlations and multivariable analyses were used to explore relationships between physical activity, cardiometabolic health and inflammation.

Results

Median age (Q1, Q3) was 46 (40.4, 52.7) years, 80% were male, 69% were African American and 46% were on protease inhibitors. Baseline median physical activity was 44 min per week (0, 150), 24% of participants performed greater than 150 min per week. At baseline, physical activity correlated with several markers of cardiometabolic health and inflammation (all P≤0.05). Over all time points median physical activity was independently associated with carotid distensibility (β=2.53; P=0.008), pericardial fat volume (β=-6.13; P=0.001) and interleukin-6 (β=-0.468; P<0.001).

Conclusions

Physical activity is associated with vascular disease, endothelial function, and may be an adjuvant to decreasing comorbidities in HIV+ adults. Further studies should examine long-term effects of physical activity on cardiometabolic health and inflammation in this population. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01218802.
Les Restos Bébés du Cœur
Authors: Sounack Danièle , Boulet Monica , Pelloux Anne-Sylvie , Gabbay Danièle
Published: October 2015

Au cours de cette interview, Danièle Sounack et Monica Boulet, deux bénévoles aux Restos Bébés du Cœur, témoignent avec force et enthousiasme de leurs expériences avec les femmes et les bébés qu’elles rencontrent. Nous découvrons avec elles les tourments de ces femmes migrantes sans papiers et isolées, aux parcours souvent chaotiques. Nous comprenons comment les Bébés du Cœur leur viennent en aide alimentaire, mais aussi humaine et sociale. Nous appréhendons ainsi une part de l’immense action des Restos du Cœur, association créée par Coluche en 1985.
L’accompagnement vers l’autonomie des jeunes majeurs les plus vulnérables
Authors: Capelier Flore
Published: October 2015

L’accompagnement vers l’autonomie des jeunes majeurs est un sujet qui trouve de plus en plus d’importance dans le débat public, en raison aussi bien de l’allongement des études, de l’indépendance économique et financière plus tardive de la jeunesse au sein de la population générale, mais aussi des difficultés sociales, familiales, et/ou éducatives susceptibles d’être rencontrées par un certain nombre de jeunes. Les développements proposés dans cet article s’appuient sur une étude réalisée par l’Observatoire national de l’enfance en danger sur la période 2014-2015 en s’intéressant plus particulièrement aux jeunes majeurs les plus vulnérables, à leurs besoins, et aux initiatives locales émergentes en direction de ce public.
Prévenir les précarités matérielles et relationnelles capedp , une recherche-action d’intervention à domicile en périnatalité
Authors: Tissier Joan , Dugravier Romain , Tereno Susana , CAPEDP Le groupe d’étude
Published: October 2015

La recherche CAPEDP avait pour but de prévenir les troubles des interactions parent-enfant précoces grâce à un programme de visites à domicile. Les familles étaient recrutées en fonction de critères de vulnérabilité matérielle et personnelle. Les outils de l’intervention, un calendrier des visites à domicile, un manuel, les fiches-familles, la vidéoscopie avaient pour but de donner un cadre à l’intervention et de surmonter ces facteurs de précarité. Quelques exemples présentés ici illustrent le travail de cette recherche-action
Pour une politique en faveur des familles en situation de précarité
Authors: Versini Dominique , Le Run Jean-Louis , Pelloux Anne-Sylvie
Published: October 2015

Dominique Versini évoque, à partir de ses responsabilités actuelles de Maire adjointe à Paris, l’abord politique de la précarité. Celle-ci interroge le politique sur un double aspect de difficultés économiques et de défaillance du lien social, la précarité étant le produit de la pauvreté et de l’exclusion. Dès lors, le projet politique qui est porté par la Mairie vise à la fois à des aides directes aux familles dans le cadre du volet social, et à un soutien au développement d’initiatives citoyennes de solidarités. Il s’agit de mobiliser les moyens, à travers une politique sociale, l’école, les rythmes éducatifs, la culture, le sport, de donner les mêmes chances aux enfants vivant dans la précarité qu’à ceux de milieux plus privilégiés.
« Le luxe frivole des accessoires ». Considérations sur la peinture d'histoire européenne aux Expositions universelles de 1855 et 1867
Authors: Paccoud Stéphane
Published: October 2015

L'Exposition universelle organisée à Paris en 1855 initie pour la première fois l'opportunité d'une confrontation des créations artistiques des différentes écoles nationales. Cet événement offre au public et à la critique la possibilité d'un bilan de l'évolution de la peinture d'histoire sur l'ensemble du continent et d'une réflexion sur son avenir. Ainsi, de nombreux auteurs proposent-ils leur analyse, qui toujours se rejoint dans le constat d'un triomphe général des formules du « genre historique ». Pourtant, le grand absent de l'événement est bien Paul Delaroche, celui dont l'influence est revendiquée par tous. Cet article vise à mettre en perspective ces considérations critiques, à un moment clé où le modèle du « genre historique » proposé par les artistes français s'impose tout en étant de plus en plus contesté.
Dans la brume électrique. La physique des météores sous la monarchie de Juillet
Authors: Locher Fabien
Published: October 2015

L'histoire des approches scientifiques de l'atmosphère suscite un intérêt croissant. Cet article contribue à ce chantier en analysant la trajectoire d'Athanase Peltier, le promoteur, sous la monarchie de Juillet, d'une physique des météores combinant observation et imitation expérimentale. Est étudiée la manière dont la pratique investit une série d'espaces, de ses appartements privés aux auberges de montagne, pour les transformer en sites de production et de validation de connaissances, selon un modèle très différent de celui qui, au même moment, s'impose avec les sciences humboldtiennes. C'est aussi le rôle de la physique des météores en tant que savoir d'expertise judiciaire qui est interrogé, autour des affaires des « trombes » de Chatenay, Monville et Malaunay.
Donner du corps lorsque bébé n’est plus là
Authors: Martineau Élisabeth
Published: October 2015

Cet article aborde le thème du corps de l’enfant lorsqu’il est né sans vie. Par son témoignage personnel, l’auteure souligne l’importance de mots, de gestes et d’actes concrets tels que les obsèques ou l’inscription à l’état civil, qui donnent corps aux bébés décédant en période périnatale et permettent aux parents d’amorcer leur deuil. L’accouchement d’un bébé mort est rarement abordé. Ici, Élisabeth Martineau nous livre avec pudeur les étapes de son expérience et ses questionnements : ne pourrait-on pas respecter l’enfant mort jusqu’à lui accorder une « naissance » heureuse ? Quid des rituels post mortem ? L’auteur coordonne depuis trois ans l’événement « Une fleur, une vie », à Paris, qui répond aussi à ce besoin essentiel chez les parents endeuillés de donner corps à leur bébé de manière symbolique, avec d’autres, pour avancer sur leur chemin de deuil.
Trustworthy Architecture for Wireless Body Sensor Network
Authors: Kanagachidambaresan G. R.
Published: October 2015

Wireless Body Sensor Network is a collection of physiological sensors connected to small embedded machines and transceivers to form a monitoring scheme for patients and elderly people. Intrusion and foolproof routing has become mandatory as the Wireless Body Sensor Network has extended its working range. Trust in Wireless Body Sensor Network is greatly determined by the Encryption key size and Energy of the Node. The Sensor Nodes in Wireless Body Sensor Network is powered by small battery banks which are to be removed and recharged often in some cases. Attack to the implanted node in Wireless Body Sensor Network could harm the patient. Finite State Machine helps in realizing the Trust architecture of the Wireless Body Sensor Network. Markov model helps in predicting the state transition from one state to other. This chapter proposes a Trustworthy architecture for creating a trusted and confidential communication for Wireless Body Sensor Network.
Design of Logistic Map-Based Spreading Sequence Generation for Use in Wireless Communication
Authors: Kashayp Katyayani , Sarma Kandarpa Kumar , Sarma Manash Pratim
Published: October 2015

Spread spectrum modulation (SSM) finds important place in wireless communication primarily due to its application in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and its effectiveness in channels fill with noise like signals. One of the critical issues in such modulation is the generation of spreading sequence. This chapter presents a design of chaotic spreading sequence for application in a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DS SS) system configured for a faded wireless channel. Enhancing the security of data transmission is a prime issue which can better be addressed with a chaotic sequence. Generation and application of chaotic sequence is done and a comparison with Gold sequence is presented which clearly indicates achieving better performance with simplicity of design. Again a multiplierless logistic map sequence is generated for lower power requirements than the existing one. The primary blocks of the system are implemented using Verilog and the performances noted. Experimental results show that the proposed system is an efficient sequence generator suitable for wideband systems demonstrating lower BER levels, computational time and power requirements compared to traditional LFSR based approaches.