bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anxiety sensitivity and intentional avoidance of physical activity in women with probable migraine
Authors: Farris Samantha G , Thomas J Graham , Abrantes Ana M , Lipton Richard B , Burr Emily K , Godley Frederick A , Roth Julie L , Pavlovic Jelena M , Bond Dale S
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Avoidance of physical activity is a common migraine management strategy. Anxiety sensitivity (i.e. fear of anxiety and bodily sensations due to physical, cognitive, or social consequences) is a potential correlate of physical activity avoidance and may strengthen beliefs about physical activity's detrimental effect on migraine.

Method

Women (n = 100) with probable migraine diagnosis completed an online survey about migraine and physical activity, which included the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3.

Results

Anxiety sensitivity was associated with significantly increased odds of avoiding moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity. Anxiety sensitivity, particularly cognitive concerns, was associated with more frequent vigorous and moderate physical activity avoidance. Social concerns about anxiety sensitivity were associated with stronger expected likelihood of vigorous-intensity physical activity as a triggering and worsening factor in migraine.

Discussion

Preliminary findings indicate that anxiety sensitivity may contribute to avoidance of moderate and vigorous physical activity and fear-based cognitions about exercise.
The Role of Pharmacists in Safe Opioid Dispensing
Authors: Gregory Thomas , Gregory Leah
Published: July 2019

Opioid misuse, abuse, and diversion continues to be a public health issue. Pharmacists (particularly those who work in the community setting) form the vanguard of health-care providers facing the opioid crisis because they have the opportunity to interact with patients more frequently than primary care or specialty medical providers. These frequent interactions give pharmacists more opportunities to properly counsel patients on prevention and to reinforce appropriate use of opioid medications. Pharmacists should be aware of the strategies for reducing opioid misuse, abuse, and diversion, including understanding mandates on prescription limitations; knowing how to use prescription drug monitoring programs; knowing when drug take-back programs are occurring; educating patients on the risks of opioid abuse, safe storage, and proper disposal of unused medications; identifying “red flag” behavior that may indicate opioid misuse; using assessments that help identify a patient’s risk for opioid abuse; interacting with other health-care professionals to discuss a patient’s care; understanding how abuse-deterrent opioids work and their limitations; preparing for opioid overdose management and understanding the local regulations on naloxone availability; and knowing when to refer patients to addiction services. Using these strategies, pharmacists have an opportunity to potentially reduce opioid abuse and improve patient outcomes.
Investigation of nonlinear landing gear behavior and dynamic responses on high performance aircraft
Authors: Suresh PS , Sura Niranjan K , Shankar K
Published: July 2019

The dynamic responses simulation of aircraft as rigid body considering heave, pitch, and roll motions, coupled onto a tricycle landing gear arrangement is presented. Equation of motion for each landing gear consists of un-sprung mass vertical and longitudinal motions considering strut nonlinear stiffness and damping combined with strut bending flexibility. Initially, the nonlinear dynamic response model is subjected to an input of riding over staggered bump and the responses are compared with linear landing gear model. It is observed that aircraft dynamics and important landing gear events such as vertical, spin-up and spring-back are truly represented with nonlinear stiffness and damping model considering strut bending flexibility. Later, landing response analysis is performed, with the input from nonlinear flight mechanics model for several vertical descent rate cases. The aircraft and landing gear dynamic responses such as displacement, velocity, acceleration, and reaction forces are obtained. The vertical and longitudinal drag forces from the nonlinear dynamic response model is compared with “Book-case method” outlined in landing gear design technical specifications. From the reaction force ratio calculation, it is shown that for lower vertical descent rate case the predicted loads are lesser using nonlinear dynamic response model. The same model for higher vertical descent rate cases predicts higher ratios on vertical reaction for main landing gear and longitudinal reaction for nose landing gear, respectively. The scope for increase in fatigue life for low vertical descent rate landing covering major design spectrum and the concern for static strength and structural integrity consideration for higher vertical descent rate cases are discussed in the context of event monitoring on aircraft in services.
Fenofibrate ameliorates neural, mechanical, chemical, and electrical alterations in the murine model of heart failure
Authors: Dhyani N , Saidullah B , Fahim M , Omanwar S
Published: July 2019

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalization across the world and is known to cause ill-health and heavy economic losses. In the present study, a rat model of isoproterenol (ISO, 85 mg/kg subcutaneously for two subsequent days) induced HF was developed. ISO induces HF by its direct effect, that is, rise in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (mechanical) and indirectly by altering the baroreflex (neural), electrocardiography (electrical), and development of oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia (chemical). Fenofibrate, a hypolipidemic drug, which ameliorates myocardial energy metabolism was seen to improve the both ISO-induced oxidative stress and lipid profile and consequently improved Baroreflex Sensitivity (BRS), partial ventricular functions, and cardiac hypertrophy. Therefore, our result suggests that fenofibrate treatment protected the heart by alleviating the ISO-induced effects, that is, neural, mechanical, electrical, and chemical alterations.
Towards a hierarchy of consumption behaviour in the circular economy
Authors: Maitre-Ekern Eléonore , Dalhammar Carl
Published: July 2019

In their roles as purchasers, users and dischargers of used products, consumers play an important role in the circular economy. In this article, we put forward a ‘hierarchy of consumption behaviour’ to support European Union policymaking. Among the priorities are avoiding the purchase of single-use and unnecessary products, prolonging the lifetime of products through maintenance and engaging in repair activities. Moreover, the hierarchy intends to privilege sharing and leasing to buying and second-hand products to new ones. Finally, consumption in the circular economy also requires allowing products to re-circulate. Changing consumption patterns is difficult insofar as they are largely determined by the paradigm upon which our economy is built and are enabled by the existing legal framework, most notably European Union consumer law. The article contains concrete recommendations to develop European Union law and promote the proposed hierarchy.
Preventing Conflicts Between Nurses and Families of a Multi-ethnic Patient Population During Critical Medical Situations in a Hospital
Authors: Van Keer Rose-Lima , Deschepper Reginald , Huyghens Luc , Bilsen Johan
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Little is known about how to avoid intercultural nurse–family conflicts in critical care settings. In this article, strategies are discussed that may be useful to prevent or mitigate intercultural nurse–family conflicts during critical medical situations in hospital. Method: Strategies are based on an ethnographic study by Van Keer et al., other literature, and expert opinion. Results: Sufficient structural measures are needed. First, institutions must create appropriate ward policies, such as including nurses in end-of-life communication. Second, nurses should be coached in the workplace. Third, institutions must provide adapted, visual, ward information to families. Additionally, education and research are needed. These measures should be actively stimulated by nurse managers and reflect a multicultural program supported by the hospital. Discussion: Intercultural nurse–family conflict prevention or mitigation should take into account organizational aspects, on hospital units and in hospital as a whole, and the crucial role of education and research.
Superintendents’ Perceptions of the Influence of a Statewide Dual Enrollment Policy on Local Educational Programming
Authors: Hornbeck Dustin , Malin Joel R.
Published: July 2019

This study surveys superintendents about Ohio’s ambitious statewide dual enrollment policy (“College Credit Plus”), specifically examining its local implications from superintendents’ perspectives. In particular, we find that issues of funding related to this policy have become a growing concern, and that districts are frequently struggling to identify teachers who meet the certification requirements to teach dual enrollment courses. Overall, this policy has presented several challenges at local levels, especially for smaller, rural high schools. Nevertheless, most superintendents perceive that this dual enrollment policy has provided benefits to their students. In discussion, we position our findings within the broader literature and the continued calls for expanded dual enrollment programming. As a whole, this highlights the need for researchers to attend to specific dual enrollment policy details and how they affect local school district programming.
Short-Term Radiographic Outcomes of Calcaneus Fractures Treated With 2-Incision, Minimally Invasive Approach
Authors: Daws Snow B. , Neary Kaitlin , Lundeen Gregory
Published: July 2019

Background:

The treatment of displaced, intra-articular calcaneus fractures is controversial. The extensile lateral approach has been historically preferred because it provides excellent exposure and visualization for fracture reduction. However, soft tissue complications with this approach can lead to poor outcomes for patients. Recently, there has been an interest in the minimally invasive treatment of calcaneus fractures. The purpose of the present study was to determine the radiographic reduction of displaced, intra-articular calcaneus fractures and the rate of complications using a 2-incision, minimally invasive approach.

Methods:

A dual-incision, minimally invasive approach with plate and screw fixation was utilized for the treatment of 32 patients with displaced, intra-articular calcaneus fractures. Preoperative and postoperative calcaneal measurements were taken to assess fracture reduction. Additionally, a retrospective chart review was performed to assess for complications.

Results:

The mean preoperative Bohler’s angle measurement was 12.9 (range, –5 to 36) degrees and the final postoperative Bohler’s angle was 31.7 (range, 16-40) degrees. One patient (3.1%) had postoperative numbness related to the medial incision in the calcaneal branch sensory nerve distribution. Two patients (6.2%) had a wound infection treated with local wound care and oral antibiotics, while 1 patient (3.1%) had a deep infection that required a secondary surgery for irrigation and debridement. Two patients (6.2%) returned to the operating room for removal of symptomatic hardware.

Conclusion:

Operative fixation of displaced, intra-articular calcaneus fractures treated with a 2-incision, minimally invasive approach resulted in acceptable fracture reduction with a minimal rate of complications.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, retrospective case series.
Circular Modelling of Circumplex Measurements for Interpersonal Behavior
Authors: Cremers Jolien , Pennings Helena J. M. , Mainhard Tim , Klugkist Irene
Published: July 2019

This article describes a new way to analyze data from the interpersonal circumplex (IPC) for interpersonal behavior. Instead of analyzing Agency and Communion separately or analyzing the IPC’s octants, we propose using a circular regression model that allows us to investigate effects on a blend of Agency and Communion. The proposed circular model is called a projected normal (PN) model. We illustrate the use of a PN mixed-effects model on three repeated measures data sets with circumplex measurements from interpersonal and educational psychology. This model allows us to detect different types of patterns in the data and provides a more valid analysis of circumplex data. In addition to being able to investigate the effect on the location (mean) of scores on the IPC, we can also investigate effects on the spread (variance) of scores on the IPC. We also introduce new tools that help interpret the fixed and random effects of PN models.
Etoposide dosage adjustment in two patients with neuroendocrine tumors and severe liver impairment
Authors: Mashni Ola , Qasem Khlood , Sara Aseel Abu , Awad Wedad
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Limited data are available on dosing etoposide in patients with liver impairment.

Case report

We report the dosing strategies for etoposide utilized in two patients with neuroendocrine tumors and severe liver impairment.

Management and outcomes

Treatment consisted of platinum-based chemotherapy regimens, with the decision of whether to administer etoposide and at what doses being based on the liver function before each chemotherapy cycle. By the end of treatment, total bilirubin was normal, and the performance status of both patients had improved, with stable computed tomography scan findings.

Discussion

The reported two cases suggest that the administration of etoposide at reduced doses with close monitoring in patients with neuroendocrine tumors and severe liver impairment may still be considered as an option and may improve outcomes.
Span-wise coherence of fluctuating forces on twin bridge decks and the turbulence effect
Authors: Xia Jinlin , Li Ke , Ge Yaojun
Published: July 2019

Unlike the adequate researches on a single-box girder, the understanding of span-wise force correlation on twin decks is limited. A sectional model pressure testing of a widely slotted twin-box girder has been carried out in the background of a 5000-m-long bridge. Three grid configurations separated the effect of turbulence intensity and integral scale. Seven test sections were set on the model with totally 532 pressure taps. After the correction of pressure distortion, the correlation coefficients and integral scales of forces were compared on the leeward and the windward decks. Root coherence of lift was analyzed in detail at several separation distances. Pressure signals were used to explain why force coherence is stronger than flow and why “low frequency curve” phenomenon occurs. Considering the shortage of existing expressions, a simple but efficient form was proposed which can fit the coherence on the leeward, the windward, and the whole decks. The parameters in different flows can be reconstructed by linear functions which benefits new model’s application. In the final, the influences of turbulence intensity and integral scale on force coherence were illustrated.
The effect of public attitudes toward the European Union on European Commission policy activity
Authors: Williams Christopher J , Bevan Shaun
Published: July 2019

This study tests the relationship between public attitudes regarding the European Union and unilateral adoption of legal acts by the European Commission (i.e. directives and regulations). Relying on theories of policy responsiveness, as well as legislative gridlock, we present two hypotheses with competing expectations regarding the effect of public attitudes toward the European Union on policy-making activity in the European Commission. The first hypothesis suggests that the Commission will unilaterally adopt more legal acts when public support for the European Union is greater, while the second hypothesis suggests that the Commission will unilaterally adopt fewer legal acts when public support for the European Union is greater. Using time series error correction models and data from Eurobarometer surveys from 1974 to 2008, and the European Union’s online legislative archive (EUR-Lex), these hypotheses are tested. The results support the second hypothesis, suggesting that the European Commission will increase unilateral legal act adoption when public attitudes are more negative toward the European Union, while decreasing unilateral legal act adoption when the public is more Europhilic. These findings indicate a possibility of responsibility trading between the institutions of the European Union and have important implications for our understandings of European policy processes, political responsiveness, and democratic governance in the European Union.
Editorial
Authors: Mouncey Peter
Published: July 2019

Editorial of IJMR Vol. 51, No. 1 (2009).
Using Statistical Design Experiment Methodologies to Identify Customers’ Needs
Authors: Huertas-Garcia Ruben , Consolación-Segura Carolina
Published: July 2019

Customer satisfaction has become one of the main objectives in all areas of business, especially the tourist trade. One of the most difficult problems is to know how to obtain this satisfaction, which involves identifying customers’ needs and desires, and transferring them to our product or service specifications. In order to ascertain the consumer voice, we can ask consumers directly, or try to deduce their requirements by indirect methods. Statistical design of experiments (SDE) is considered to be a powerful tool for evaluating the revealed importance that not only shows the weight of the most relevant aspects but also that of their interactions. The aim of this paper is to show SDE's application in designing a tourist route. It also makes suggestions and offers directions for future applications, focusing in particular on marketing services.
Conference Notes - Connecting the Dots: Joined-Up Insight Finally Becomes Possible
Authors: Hayward Martin
Published: July 2019

This paper summarises the presentation by Martin Hayward on “Connecting the dots: joined-up insight finally becomes possible” given at the IJMR Research Methods Forum: ‘Methods Matter: Interviewing and Beyond’, 25 November 2008, Royal Society, London.
Online Audio Group Discussions: A Comparison with Face-to-Face Methods
Authors: Cheng Colin C. , Krumwiede Dennis , Sheu Chwen
Published: July 2019

The performance of online focus groups has been extensively documented, but the extant research primarily emphasised the online typing method. In contrast, other potential methods have received little attention, especially online audio. Using a range of objective and subjective measures, this study compares the effectiveness of online audio and face-to-face (FTF) methods. The statistical results indicate that more information, better quality of answers, greater group interaction, greater satisfaction and more openness were generated in online audio than in FTF discussions. Meanwhile, the same level of equality of participation is found when using online audio discussions. Additionally, national culture could have moderating effects on performance of a specific communication method. Overall, we conclude that the online audio method could be a valid alternative to focus group research.
Seeing Jazz - Doing Research
Authors: Mills Michael K.
Published: July 2019

This paper uses the metaphor of jazz music-making to contribute to the growing literature concerning the need for a more holistic approach to research, and to suggest directions for research implementation. It suggests researchers can work towards an ‘effortless mastery’ of their craft, and posits potential new forms of evaluation criteria useful in evaluating research (and researcher) quality.
Viewpoint - Semiotics: A Winning Formula?
Authors: Arning Chris
Published: July 2019

The article discusses semiotics and argues that it is widely misunderstood by researchers, because it lacks a convincing means of assuring quality and guarantees of consistent performance. Industry standards need to be created for semiotics. In the short term this could be done by creating a benchmarking system: a ‘semiotic value index, or SVI for short: ‘Semiotic’ because it attempts to measure units of symbolic investment; ‘value’ because it would quantify this figure; ‘index’ both because this has resonances of a reference system and gives the means to compare and contrast brands and track them over time. Successful examples of this approach in other areas are reviewed. A process for achieving SVI is proposed: a committee of practitioners to decide criteria and how to gather them, next a step-by-step formulaic calculation. The Interbrand model of brand valuation shows how this could work in practice.
Editorial
Authors: Mouncey Peter
Published: July 2019

The Editorial of IJMR issue 51,5 2009.
Effects of Incentives and the Big Five Personality Dimensions on Internet Panellists’ Ratings
Authors: Larson Andrea J. , Sachau Daniel A.
Published: July 2019

A total of 586 members of an online market research panel completed the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) Big Five personality inventory and were then offered one of three incentives (lower than normal, normal and higher than normal) to evaluate a new consumer product. Consistent with predictions based on equity theory, participants who were offered lower than normal incentives rated the product less favourably than those who were offered normal incentives. Contrary to predictions, participants offered higher than normal incentives did not rate the product more favourably than those who were offered the normal incentive. Respondents scoring high on Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness and Extraversion rated the product more favourably than those who scored low on these dimensions. Implications for market research are discussed.
Relationship Strength in Service Industries: A Measurement Model
Authors: Shi Guicheng , Shi Yi-zheng , Chan Allan K. K. , Wang Yonggui
Published: July 2019

Although one of the key objectives of relationship marketing is to build a strong relationship with customers, the construct of relationship strength is recent and there is little research into its measurement and validation. Based on an intensive literature review, relationship strength is conceptualised and a tridimensional measurement model is proposed that comprises affective strength, cognitive strength and conative strength. Then, a measurement scale of relationship strength in the context of selling services is developed and validated. The empirical results indicate that the measurement scale has acceptable levels of reliability, unidimensionality, convergent validity, discriminant validity and nomological validity.
On the Retail Service Quality Expectations of Chinese Shoppers
Authors: Meng Juan (Gloria) , Summey John H. , Herndon Neil C. , Kwong Kenneth K
Published: July 2019

The development of effective retailing strategies that are sensitive to cross-cultural differences would seem to be of considerable importance to their success in the global marketplace. Building on two existing models, SERVQUAL and RSQS, this study developed scales to examine service quality in Hong Kong's supermarkets. Based on intensive field study, we revised the existing service quality instruments and developed a new set of instruments to measure service quality in Hong Kong's markets. A new underlying structure emerged, suggesting that in Hong Kong, Chinese consumers perceived service quality in the regular supermarkets based on their purchasing process instead of from the tangible and non-tangible aspects found in previous studies. In the enhanced supermarkets, however, consumers perceived service quality differently than did the consumers in the regular type of store, suggesting a different model would be appropriate. Overall study results indicated that the measurement and underlying structure of service quality perception was not only industry and culture specific, but also specific to the form of retail structures that may enter the cultural mélange of the Chinese marketplace.
Viewpoint: Survey Research - Two Types of Knowledge
Authors: Smith Patten
Published: July 2019

In this issue's Viewpoint, Patten Smith argues that there is a major divide in the kinds of knowledge held by survey experts in research agencies and in academia, and that this works to the detriment of survey research. He suggests that those who work in agencies and claim survey expertise are strong on practice and weak in theory, while academic survey experts show the opposite qualities. He puts forward ways in which the two groups could learn from each other but does not believe the market is providing any motivation for change.
An ultra-thin printable nanocomposite sensor network for structural health monitoring
Authors: Liao Yaozhong , Zhou Pengyu , Pan Dongyue , Zhou Li-min , Su Zhongqing
Published: July 2019

A nanocomposite-based sensor ink made from carbon black and polyvinyl pyrrolidone was developed for fabricating a new breed of sensor by an inkjet printing approach, to accommodate the general purposes of structural health monitoring. This ink can be directly deposited onto the surface of various substrates or engineering structures such as polyimide film via computer-aided design to configure nanocomposite sensor arrays or dense sensor networks. Strong structure adaptability and high flexibility make this sensor a promising candidate to alternate traditional piezoresistive and piezoelectric sensors, in signal acquisition of dynamic disturbance on complex engineering structures. Lightweight and without the need to use wires or cables, the printed sensor network significantly reduces the weight and volume penalty imposed on the host structures, even when the network is deployed at a large scale. It also minimizes the possibility of exfoliation of the sensors from the host structure under cyclic load. The printed pattern distinguishes superior performance in the perception of acousto-ultrasonic signals from static up to 500 kHz, with high signal-to-noise ratio, sensitivity, and fidelity. By virtue of the tunneling current between two adjacent nanoparticles that are in close proximity (within several nanometers), the printed sensor network is capable of perceiving ultrasonic waves. The fabrication process of the sensor network does not entail any specially made printing facilities, and the carbon black/polyvinyl pyrrolidone hybrid can easily be injected into an inkjet cartridge for printing. Several confirmatory experiments and a proof-of-concept test were carried out based on the printed sensor network to validate the capability of the printed sensor for structural health monitoring.
A New Methodology to Determine Apposition, Dilatation, and Position of Endografts in the Descending Thoracic Aorta After Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Authors: van Noort Kim , Schuurmann Richte C. L. , Post Hospers Gersom , van der Weijde Emma , Smeenk Hans G. , Heijmen Robin H. , de Vries Jean-Paul P. M.
Published: July 2019

Purpose: To validate computed tomography angiography (CTA)–applied software to assess apposition, dilatation, and position of endografts in the proximal and distal landing zones after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of thoracic aortic aneurysm. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two patients (median age 75.5 years; 11 men) with a degenerative descending thoracic aortic aneurysm treated with TEVAR with at least one postoperative CTA were selected from a single center’s database. New CTA-applied software was used to determine the available apposition surface in the proximal and distal landing zones, apposition of the endograft fabric with the aortic wall, shortest apposition length, endograft inflow and outflow diameters, shortest distance between the left subclavian artery and the proximal endograft fabric, and shortest distance between the celiac trunk and the distal endograft fabric on each CTA. Interobserver variability for these parameters was assessed with the repeatability coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: Excellent interobserver agreement was found for all measurements. Interobserver variability of surface and shortest apposition length calculations was larger for the distal site compared with the proximal site, with a mean difference of 10% vs 2% of the mean available apposition surface, 12% vs 5% of the endograft apposition surface, and 16% vs 8% of the shortest apposition length, respectively. Inflow and outflow diameters of the endograft showed low variability, with a mean difference of 0.1 mm with 95% of the interobserver difference within 1.8 mm. Mean interobserver differences of the proximal and distal shortest fabric distances were 1.0 and 0.9 mm (both 2% of the mean lengths). Conclusion: Assessment of apposition, dilatation, and position of the proximal and distal parts of an endograft in the descending thoracic aorta is feasible after TEVAR with the new software. Interobserver agreement for all measured parameters was excellent for the proximal and distal landing zones. The new method allows detection of subtle changes during follow-up. However, a larger study is needed to quantify how parameters change over time in complicated and uncomplicated TEVAR cases and to define the real added value of the new methodology.
Homemade Candy Plug Using a Zenith Alpha Thoracic Stent-Graft for False Lumen Distal Occlusion in Acute-on-Chronic Type B Aortic Dissection
Authors: Yap Kok Hooi , Tham Yi Chuan , Tay Kiang Hiong , Tze Tec Chong , Irani Farah Gillan , Kian Ch’ng Jack , Chao Victor T. T.
Published: July 2019

Purpose: To report a candy-plug technique using a Zenith Alpha stent-graft to occlude the distal false lumen in a patient with a complicated chronic type B aortic dissection. Case Report: A 50-year-old male smoker presented with chest pain due to rapidly growing complicated chronic type B aortic dissection. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed the dissection extending from distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery (LSA) down to the left femoral artery. There was fusiform aneurysmal dilatation of the proximal descending aorta measuring up to 5.8 cm in diameter. He underwent left carotid–subclavian artery bypass, thoracic endovascular aortic repair with a Zenith Alpha stent-graft, a left common carotid artery chimney, and embolization of the proximal LSA. Serial CTA showed persistent false lumen flow. A decision was made to occlude the distal large false lumen using the candy-plug technique. A 44×125-mm Zenith Alpha stent-graft was used to prepare the candy plug. A gutter leak and a type Ia endoleak were embolized via a left brachial artery approach. At 2.5 years, imaging showed the candy plug in position, no endoleak, and the thrombosed false lumen in the thoracic aorta reduced in size. Conclusion: The candy-plug technique is useful in facilitating complete occlusion of the false lumen in chronic aortic dissection, which avoids an open procedure and the risk of higher morbidity.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Diabetic Foot Infection in India: A Growing Menace
Authors: Viswanathan Vijay , Pendsey Sharad , Radhakrishnan Chandni , Rege Tushar Devidas , Ahdal Jaishid , Jain Rishi
Published: July 2019

Diabetic foot infection (DFI) is a serious and common complication of diabetes mellitus. These infections are potentially disastrous and rapidly progress to deeper spaces and tissues. If not treated promptly and appropriately, DFI can be incurable or even lead to septic gangrene, which may require foot amputation. Mostly, these infections are polymicrobial, where Gram-positive pathogens mainly Staphylococcus aureus play a dominant causative role. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is present in 10% to 32% of diabetic infections and is associated with a higher rate of treatment failure, morbidity, and hospitalization cost in patients with DFIs. The increasing resistance of bacteria and the adverse effects pertaining to the safety and tolerability towards currently available anti-MRSA agents have limited the available treatment options for patients with DFI. Infection control, antimicrobial stewardship, and rapid diagnostics based on the microbiological culture and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing results are important components in helping curb this disturbing trend. Emphasis to revisit a vigorous research effort in order to improve the therapeutic options for the increasingly resistant and highly adaptable MRSA is the need of hour. Through this review article, we have made an attempt to explore the ongoing therapeutic trends in the management of DFI and highlighted the challenges in treatment of DFI. We have also given a brief overview of a few novel drugs that are under development to treat MRSA infections.
GATA3-dependent epigenetic upregulation of CCL21 is involved in the development of neuropathic pain induced by bortezomib
Authors: Zheng Yaochao , Sun Yang , Yang Yanling , Zhang Subo , Xu Ting , Xin Wenjun , Wu Shaoling , Zhang Xiangzhong
Published: July 2019

The incidence of bortezomib-induced neuropathic pain hampers the progress of therapy for neoplasia and also negatively affects the quality of life of patients. However, the molecular mechanism underlying bortezomib-induced neuropathic pain remains unknown. In this study, we found that the application of bortezomib significantly increased the expression of GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) in the spinal dorsal horn, and intrathecal administration of GATA3 siRNA attenuated mechanical allodynia. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing showed that bortezomib treatment induced the redistribution of GATA3 to transcriptional relevant regions. Notably, combined with the results of mRNA microarray, we found that C–C motif chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21) had an increased GATA3 binding and upregulated mRNA expression in the dorsal horn after bortezomib treatment. Next, we found that bortezomib treatment induced CCL21 upregulation in the spinal neurons, which was significantly reduced upon GATA3 silencing. Blockade of CCL21 using the neutralizing antibody or special siRNA ameliorated mechanical allodynia induced by bortezomib. In addition, bortezomib treatment increased the acetylation of histone H3 and the interaction between GATA3 and CREB-binding protein. GATA3 siRNA suppressed the CCL21 upregulation by decreasing the acetylation of histone H3. Together, these results suggested that activation of GATA3 mediated the epigenetic upregulation of CCL21 in dorsal horn neurons, which contributed to the bortezomib-induced neuropathic pain.
Promotion of bone cancer pain development by decorin is accompanied by modification of excitatory synaptic molecules in the spinal cord
Authors: Wang Huan , Li Xiaohui , Xie Xianqiao , Zhao Haiwen , Gao Yan , Li Yang , Xu Xueqin , Zhang Xiaofei , Ke Changbin , Liu Juying
Published: July 2019

Bone cancer pain is refractory to currently available clinical treatment owing to its complicated underlying mechanisms. Studies found that extracellular matrix molecules can participate in the regulation of chronic pain. Decorin is one of the most abundant extracellular matrix molecules, and the present study evaluated the effect of decorin on the development of bone cancer pain. We found that decorin was upregulated in the L4–L6 spinal dorsal horn of the bone cancer pain rats. Spinal microinjection of a decorin-targeting RNAi lentivirus alleviated bone cancer pain-induced mechanical allodynia and reduced the expression of pGluR1-Ser831 in the bone cancer pain rats. Meanwhile, decorin knockdown impaired the excitatory synaptogenesis in cultured neurons and prevented the clustering and insertion of pGluR1-Ser831 into postsynaptic membranes. Taken together, the results of our study suggested that decorin contributes to the development of bone cancer pain possibly by regulating the activity of excitatory synaptic molecules in the spinal cord. Our findings provide a better understanding of the function of decorin as a possible therapeutic target for alleviating bone cancer pain.
12 Components of a Strong Vision Health System of Care: Part 2—Vision Screening Tools and Procedures and Vision Health for Children With Special Health Care Needs
Authors: Nottingham Chaplin P. Kay , Baldonado Kira , Bergren Martha Dewey , Lyons Stacy Ayn , Murphy M. Kathleen , Bradford Geoffrey E.
Published: July 2019

Successful vision screening efforts require the implementation of 12 key components of a strong vision health system of care. The National Center for Children’s Vision and Eye Health (NCCVEH) at Prevent Blindness partnered with the National Association of School Nurses (NASN) to provide guidance around these 12 components via a Vision and Eye Health webpage on the NASN website ( https://www.nasn.org/nasn-resources/practice-topics/vision-health ). This online resource is organized according to the 12 Components of a Strong Vison Health System of Care to support school nurses accountable for screening the vision of preschool and K-12 students. This NCCVEH/NASN webpage addresses key activities that support a child’s vision health—beginning with parent/caregiver education and ending with an annual evaluation of the school’s vision health system. Each of these 12 components will be described in NASN School Nurse. The May 2019 installment provided information about the 12 components approach as a whole and details on Family Education and a Comprehensive Communication/Approval Process. This installment describes Components 3 and 4: Vision Screening Tools and Procedures and Vision Health for Children with Special Health Care Needs.
Data Sharing: Partnering With Others to Advance Student Health
Authors: Maughan Erin D. , Combe Laurie G.
Published: July 2019

This interview provides a practical example of how a school district appropriately shares data with outside partners. It is a practical example of how to apply the principles found in the article on data sharing, which is part of the “data and school nursing” articles series being published in NASN School Nurse during the 2018–2019 school year.
Limb salvage of the foot with Lisfranc amputation following squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Dahle Sara E , Martin Kennon , Williams John C , Tchanque-Fossuo Catherine N , West Kaitlyn IM , Schulman Joshua M
Published: July 2019

The indolent character of squamous cell carcinoma of the foot can be misleading and might result in unwarranted excisions or delayed treatment.
The changing nature of concussion in rugby union: Looking back to look forward
Authors: Owens Thomas S , Rose George , Marley Christopher J , Calverley Thomas A , Stacey Benjamin S , Williams Priscilla , Williams John PR , Bailey Damian M
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Concussion is regularly observed in rugby union and has generated a growing public health concern, yet remains one of the least understood injuries facing the sports medicine community. Evidence suggests that multiple concussions may increase susceptibility to long-term neurological complications that present decades after the initial injury for reasons that remain unclear. We aimed to determine the incidence rate and risk factors for concussion amongst community-level rugby union-15s players active during the 1980s given that it may help to better understand the risks and mechanisms of injury.

Methods

Injury data were collected from clubs by the coach at the time of injury in players using a 15-item questionnaire (1982–1984).

Results

Seventy games were recorded throughout 1982–1983 and 1983–1984 rugby union seasons. Forty-two documented concussions accounted for ∼6% of injuries corresponding to an incidence rate of 0.64 per 1000 playing hours, more than a third lower than the ‘modern-day’ equivalent. Tackling (relative risk 1.60, p < 0.05), collisions (relative risk 0.95, p < 0.05) and gum shield use (relative risk 1.69, p < 0.05) were independently associated with concussion whereas no associations were observed for ground condition, quarter of play or players playing out of position ( p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Despite limitations due to the retrospective focus and reliance on questionnaire data notwithstanding raised awareness of concussion, the incidence rate of concussion during the 1980s appears to be appreciably lower compared to the present-day game. This is the likely outcome of improvements in the clinical understanding of concussion, data collection tools, reporting methods and clinical management of concussive injuries, including changes to both player and game. However, the findings of this study help better understand the risks and mechanisms of injury once encountered by rugby union players active during the 1980s, of which some of those risks are still apparent.
Fulfilling Set Objectives: A Case Study of Teacher Development in Two Primary Schools in Beijing
Authors: Lai Manhong , Wang Lijia
Published: July 2019

Purpose:

This study aims to reveal the recent characteristics of school-based teacher development (STD) in China since it is perceived as a key measure to achieve success in raising educational quality in the country.

Design/Approach/Methods:

A qualitative research approach with in-depth interviews of 18 teachers at two primary schools in Beijing was used.

Findings:

Through the lens of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT), it was observed that the objectives adaptation of teacher communities was made under the control of the District Education Bureau. STD provides the venue for ordinary teachers to learn, understand, and implement the teaching initiatives promoted by the district. Teacher communities at school level therefore implement continuous professional development initiatives promoted by Education Bureau teaching research officers.

Originality/Value:

This article argues that the administrative style of local government affected teacher community’s object, rules, and division of labor. It also contributes an indigenous interpretation of the CHAT theory.
Children, Marginalization, and Mission: Reflections from Philippi to Favela
Authors: Christine Stuart
Published: July 2019

Luke’s presentation of the encounter with a demon-possessed slave girl (Acts 16:16–40) is considered in intertextual dialogue with recalled missional experiences with children in Brazilian favelas. The study offers an example of the hermeneutical potential of scriptural-experiential dialogue to inform the missional enterprise, in this instance helping to expose the “lords” of enslaving contra-kingdom power structures that challenge missional enterprise in situations of deprivation, while also highlighting the transformative lordship of Jesus.
Self-perception of friendship style: Young adults with and without autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Finke Erinn H , McCarthy Jillian H , Sarver Natalie A
Published: July 2019

Background

It has been reported that people on the autism spectrum have difficulty making and maintaining friendships. Congruence of perspective on friendships and friendship practices may affect the frequency and intensity of friendships, but this is not well understood.

Aims

The aims of the current project were to identify the similarities and differences in the broad perspectives and friendship practices of young adults with and without autism.

Method and procedures

Young adults with and without autism between the ages of 18 and 24 years completed an online survey to determine the friendship preferences that most define the perspectives of young adults with autism.

Outcomes and results

The results identified primarily differences in the broad perspectives and friendship practices of young adults with and without autism spectrum disorder, which may provide a context for understanding the values and priorities that need to be considered as two people (whether they have an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis or not) embark on a new potential friendship, and may help people with autism (as well as clinicians, educators, and caregivers) understand why some friendships flounder and others are established and maintained with relative ease.
Association of Fundus Autofluorescence Findings and Outer Retinal Lesions on Optical Coherence Tomography With Visual Acuity in Birdshot Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Kopplin Laura J. , Munk Marion , Baynham Justin , Rosenbaum James T. , Suhler Eric B. , Biggee Kristin , Goldstein Debra A. , Lin Phoebe
Published: July 2019

Purpose:

This article investigates the optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus autofluorescence imaging findings in birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR) and their association with visual acuity (VA).

Methods:

In a retrospective, cross-sectional study, we evaluated OCT images for changes in retinal structure including cystoid macular edema (CME), epiretinal membrane, and outer retinal lesions. We assessed autofluorescence images for hypoautofluorescent and hyperautofluorescent changes and noted the distribution of the lesions. Demographic data and VA at the time of imaging were also collected. Associations between OCT and autofluorescence findings and logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution VA were tested using linear regression.

Results:

We conducted a chart review of 80 eyes from 40 patients with BSCR. Outer retinal lesions were found on OCT in 28 of 80 eyes (35%) and disruption of the outer segment ellipsoid zone (EZ) occurred in 23 eyes (28.7%). Macular hypoautofluorescent lesions were more common than hyperautofluorescent lesions, present in 58.8% and 13% of eyes, respectively. The presence of outer retinal lesions on OCT was significantly associated with reduced VA ( P = .006) as was EZ disruption ( P = .003). These associations remained significant after accounting for the presence of macular edema. There was a trend toward association of macular hypoautofluorescent lesions with decreased vision, although it was not statistically significant ( P = .17).

Conclusions:

The association of outer retinal lesions with decreased VA suggests a mechanism of central vision loss that is distinct from CME and may provide an additional objective finding to monitor disease activity in BSCR patients.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Detects Choriocapillaris Loss in Decalcification of Choroidal Osteoma
Authors: Hoshiyama Ken , Nakao Shintaro , Shiose Satomi , Yoshikawa Hiroshi , Kano Kumiko , Kaizu Yoshihiro , Murata Toshinori , Sonoda Koh-Hei
Published: July 2019

Purpose:

Choroidal osteoma, which typically affects young women, is a benign intraocular tumor composed of mature bone within the choroid. Tumor decalcification and subfoveal choroidal neovascularization often lead to poor visual acuity although the etiology is unknown. Choriocapillaris characteristics in choroidal osteoma also are unknown.

Methods:

We report 4 cases of choroidal osteoma with decalcification in which the choriocapillaris could be imaged by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Results:

OCTA showed that the choriocapillaris structure was maintained in the calcified portion, whereas a loss occurred in parts of the decalcified portion in all cases.

Conclusions:

OCTA may be useful for understanding the pathological states of choroidal osteoma.
Pigments and binding media of polychrome relics from the central hall of Longju temple in Sichuan, China
Authors: Chen Erxin , Zhang Bingjian , Zhao Fan , Wang Chong
Published: July 2019

Longju temple, located in Guanghan County, Sichuan province of China, is a Buddhist temple with great cultural significance. It has preserved polychrome relics since 1466 of the Ming dynasty. The deterioration of these ancient colored paintings is posing an extremely serious issue, it is exceptionally critical to propose an appropriate protection plan. In this paper, pigments and binding media were analyzed from ten polychrome samples collected from the central hall of Longju temple. A series of analysis methods were adopted, including the Raman spectrum, scanning electron microscopy–energy disperse spectrometer (EDS–SEM), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results demonstrate the existence of atacamite, azurite, carbon black, cinnabar, and gold in the color layer of the samples. Egg white, animal glue, and casein were found to be used as binders in the colored paintings. This study not only offered essential data for the follow-up protection and repair projects but also provided a reference to further explore the polychrome relics of other Buddhist temples in the Ming dynasty of China.