bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internet usage, frequency and intensity in old age during the COVID-19 pandemic—a case study for Switzerland
Authors: König Ronny , Seifert Alexander
Published: October 2023

Introduction

This study examines the digital divide among older adults in Switzerland within the rapidly evolving digital environment. It investigates changes in internet usage among this population, focusing on the proportion of users, frequency, and the intensity of their internet usage during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Drawing on Swiss data from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement (SHARE), conducted in 2021, the study analyzes a sample of 1,205 older adults.

Results

The findings indicate a growing proportion of internet users over time. It also highlights that gender differences persist but are decreasing. Notably, around 9% of individuals in this study had never used the internet, while recent users exhibited high activity levels, spending an average of approximately two and a half hours online daily. The study identified age, education, employment, living arrangements, and attitudes toward technology as influential factors shaping internet usage among older adults. Importantly, the COVID-19 pandemic did not have a significant impact on internet adoption among this demographic.

Discussion

These findings shed light on the complex dynamics that shape internet usage among older adults and underscore the need to promote digital inclusion and engagement within this population.
An emergy analysis of environmental sustainability in urban agriculture: evidence from protected agriculture in Beijing, China
Authors: Yuan Qiuling , Mi Shiyu , Meng Fanxin , Hou Jiaqi , Sun Yutong , Li Hui , Shah Aamir Mehmood
Published: October 2023

Urban agriculture (UA) serves as an essential aspect of local food production that could promote the urban resilience enhancement of food system. This study applies a “farm-to-table” emergy method to analyze the environmental sustainability of two typical urban farms in Beijing, China, based on the field investigation. One is a suburban greenhouse farm that sells food through supermarkets, and the other is an aquaponic farm that delivers fresh food to consumers’ tables by express delivery. The results showed that compared with traditional greenhouse farming, aquaponics farm has a lower environmental loading ratio and higher emergy sustainability index, but requires more emergy inputs. The research findings would provide scientific references for the future planning of urban agriculture from the perspective of both production and sales.
Prevalence of red panda amdoparvovirus infection in European zoos
Authors: Kuhar Urška , Tomášek Oldřich , Sós Endre , Mede Jana , Kastelic Marjan , Jež Nuša , Petrikova Michaela , Jensen Trine Hammer , Alex Charles Everett , Jamnikar-Ciglenecki Urška , Kvapil Pavel
Published: October 2023

Red panda amdoparvovirus (RPAV) was first described in captive red pandas (Ailurus fulgens) at a zoo in the United States in 2018. Subsequently, the prevalence of infection in zoos in the United States was reported to be 50%; however, RPAV prevalence outside the United States remains unstudied. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of RPAV in 134 red pandas from zoos in Europe. Overall, RPAV was detected with PCR in 21 of 62 zoos (33.9%), and the virus prevalence among individuals was estimated to be 24.2% (95% confidence interval, 17.4%–32.0%). Remarkably, adult females tested positive for RPAV more frequently than adult males. Zoos where RPAV was detected reported a significantly higher occurrence of alopecia (and clinical signs in general), whereas other commonly reported problems (fecal disorders and dental disease) showed no difference. A repeated pooled sampling of two positive individuals further showed that RPAV excretion in feces is intermittent, with the viral DNA being only detected on 8 out of 14 sampling days. The intermittent nature of excretion implies that RPAV prevalence may be higher than the estimated value.
Retrospective analysis of perineal herniorrhaphy with cone-shaped polypropylene mesh in dogs: technique description and outcome
Authors: Heishima Tatsuya , Ishigaki Kumiko , Seki Mamiko , Teshima Kenji , Yoshida Orie , Iida Kaito , Takeuchi Ryo , Asano Kazushi
Published: October 2023

Introduction

This study aimed to describe the technique for the surgical repair of perineal hernia (PH) in dogs using a polypropylene mesh (PM) and to evaluate its outcomes.

Methods

All dogs were placed in the Trendelenburg position. Castration and caudal celiotomy for cystopexy and colopexy were performed as needed. Ipsilateral perianal incision was performed in the affected hernia side. A PM was formed a cone-shape with suturing and placed in hernial foramen. The PH was repaired with suturing between PH and pelvic diaphragm including the sacrotuberous ligament, internal obturator muscle, and external anal sphincter muscle. The medical records of all dogs were reviewed to evaluate signalment, perioperative findings, postoperative complications, and prognosis.

Results

Of the 22 dogs, 15 were intact, and 7 were previously neutered. The median age and body weight were 10 years and 6.8 kg, respectively. The PH reconstruction using a cone-shaped PM was feasible in all dogs. The median operative time was 60.5 min for unilateral PH and 109 min for bilateral PH. Major postoperative complications occurred in seven dogs (32%), and three dogs (14%) had a recurrence of PH. In the long-term (> 2 weeks) follow-up period, 16 dogs (73%) had an excellent prognosis.

Discussion

Our study suggests that PH reconstruction surgery using a cone-shaped PM may be a viable treatment method for PH in dogs. Therefore, a cone-shaped PM could serve as an alternative treatment option for canine PH reconstruction.
Assessment of Security KPIs for 5G Network Slices for Special Groups of Subscribers
Authors: Odarchenko Roman , Iavich Maksim , Iashvili Giorgi , Fedushko Solomiia , Syerov Yuriy
Published: October 2023

It is clear that 5G networks have already become integral to our present. However, a significant issue lies in the fact that current 5G communication systems are incapable of fully ensuring the required quality of service and the security of transmitted data, especially in government networks that operate in the context of the Internet of Things, hostilities, hybrid warfare, and cyberwarfare. The use of 5G extends to critical infrastructure operators and special users such as law enforcement, governments, and the military. Adapting modern cellular networks to meet the specific needs of these special users is not only feasible but also necessary. In doing so, these networks must meet additional stringent requirements for reliability, performance, and, most importantly, data security. This scientific paper is dedicated to addressing the challenges associated with ensuring cybersecurity in this context. To effectively improve or ensure a sufficient level of cybersecurity, it is essential to measure the primary indicators of the effectiveness of the security system. At the moment, there are no comprehensive lists of these key indicators that require priority monitoring. Therefore, this article first analyzed the existing similar indicators and presented a list of them, which will make it possible to continuously monitor the state of cybersecurity systems of 5G cellular networks with the aim of using them for groups of special users. Based on this list of cybersecurity KPIs, as a result, this article presents a model to identify and evaluate these indicators. To develop this model, we comprehensively analyzed potential groups of performance indicators, selected the most relevant ones, and introduced a mathematical framework for their quantitative assessment. Furthermore, as part of our research efforts, we proposed enhancements to the core of the 4G/5G network. These enhancements enable data collection and statistical analysis through specialized sensors and existing servers, contributing to improved cybersecurity within these networks. Thus, the approach proposed in the article opens up an opportunity for continuous monitoring and, accordingly, improving the performance indicators of cybersecurity systems, which in turn makes it possible to use them for the maintenance of critical infrastructure and other users whose service presents increased requirements for cybersecurity systems.
Fractal Dimension Analyses to Detect Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases Using Their Thin Brain Tissue Samples via Transmission Optical Microscopy
Authors: Apachigawo Ishmael , Solanki Dhruvil , Tate Ruth , Singh Himanshi , Khan Mohammad Moshahid , Pradhan Prabhakar
Published: October 2023

Biological tissues in nature are fractal due to their self-similarity and porosity properties. These properties change with the progress of some diseases, including brain tissue in leading neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Thus, there is an unmet clinical need to develop a tool for accurate and early diagnosis of AD and PD conditions. Although the whole brain tissues in AD and PD have been extensively studied, their local structural alterations at the nano-to-submicron levels have not been explored. In this paper, we measure the local structural alterations in different brain regions of AD and PD patients by measuring their change in fractal dimensions via optical microscopy. Our results show an increase in the fractal dimension value of ~5–10% in the affected regions of the brain tissues relative to their respective controls. For AD cases, the structural alteration is attributed to the aberrant deposition of amyloid beta protein and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, and for PD, the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons and abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein in the brain. The work will enhance the further understanding of alterations in the brain structures in AD and PD and its detection.
Enhancing Physical and Psychosocial Health of Older Adults in Saudi Arabia through Walking: Comparison between Supervised Group-Based and Non-Supervised Individual-Based Walking
Authors: Karmakar Palash , Wong Ming-Yu (Claudia) , AlMarzooqi Mezna A. , Alghamdi Nouf , Ou Kailing , Duan Yanping , Rhodes Ryan E. , Zhang Chun-Qing
Published: October 2023

Walking is widely recognized as one of the most common and effective forms of physical activity, particularly for older adults. This study examined the comparative effects of two types of walking interventions, including supervised group-based intervention (SGBI) and non-supervised individual-based intervention (NSIBI), on frailty syndrome, cognitive functions or skills, and health-related quality of life among sedentary older Saudi individuals. A 15-week double-blinded, randomized controlled trial (RCT) including three groups (two were intervention groups while the other was the control group) was conducted among older adults who were inactive to examine the effect of different forms of walking interventions on frailty syndrome, cognitive functions, and health-related quality of life. A total of 107 participants, including 65 males and 42 females, were divided into three groups, which include SGBI, NSIBI, and the control group. Frailty syndrome was measured using the physical performance test (PPT), while cognitive function and health-related quality of life were assessed using the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Short Form 36 (SF 36) health survey questionnaire. One-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with the pre- and post-tests were performed for within- and between-group differences. while post-test data for the control group participants were absent due to the change in elderly center regulation, and they were excluded from the analysis. Hence, the comparison was stated only between the intervention groups. Both of the intervention groups (SGBI and NSIBI) showed significant within-subject differences in the Physical Function subscale of the health-related quality of life scale only, with F(1,20) = 23.03, p < 0.001, and F(1,18) = 27.22, p < 0.001, respectively. On the other hand, the Physical Performance Test revealed significant [F(2,51) = 9.21, p < 0.001] between-group differences in the post-test based on the baseline values. In addition, the average step count of older adults was increased from 4000 steps per session to around 7000 steps per session in the intervention group. The average heart rate of the NSIBI group did not show a visible change, and the resting heart rate of both groups showed a slightly declining trend throughout the intervention period. The walking intervention significantly increased participants’ physical function, which is a component of health-related quality of life and physical performance (frailty level), along with average daily step counts for older adults in Saudi Arabia. Regular engagement in the recommended level of walking is strongly advisable for Saudi Arabian older adults to maintain their overall quality of life at this stage.
A Multi-Criteria Decision Intelligence Framework to Predict Fire Danger Ratings in Underground Engineering Structures
Authors: Kamran Muhammad , Chaudhry Waseem , Wattimena Ridho Kresna , Rehman Hafeezur , Martyushev Dmitriy A.
Published: October 2023

A wide variety of natural catastrophes are induced by coal mining, with fire hazard being one of the most significant threats to underground engineering structures. In recent years, there has been an alarming rise in mine fire accidents due to the abundance of coal deposits around the world. Underground fires and explosions have continuously been the primary reason for a significant proportion of deaths and the destruction of infrastructure over the last few decades. Underground mining fires deplete natural coal resources, have an adverse impact on the environment by releasing hazardous chemicals and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, and cause subsidence due to coal depletion during the combustion process. This study aims to predict fire danger rating of underground mining production processes by using the application of state-of-the-art unsupervised and supervised machine learning techniques. The developed k-nearest-neighbors-based isometric feature mapping and fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm has shown its dependability and superiority with a higher accuracy and has been advantageous to the monitoring and prevention of fire danger in underground mining production processes. The proposed multi-criteria decision intelligence framework permits early fire detection, providing the emergency response team extra time to respond the critical situations in order to prevent the fire from spreading, hence promoting sustainable, green, climate-smart, environmentally friendly and safe mining engineering operations.
The Effect of Dietary Lipid Supplementation on the Serum Biochemistry, Antioxidant Responses, Initial Immunity, and mTOR Pathway of Juvenile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Liu Yongqiang , Huang Enhao , Xie Yi , Meng Liuqing , Liu Dongsheng , Zhang Ziqi , Zhou Jiang , Zhang Qin , Tong Tong
Published: October 2023

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of different dietary lipid levels on the serum biochemistry, antioxidant responses, initial immunity, and mTOR pathway of juvenile genetic improvement-farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). Six groups of the juveniles (initial body weight 20.66 ± 1.33 g) in triplicate were fed for 90 days using six iso-nitrogen diets with different lipid levels (0.35%, 3.35%, 6.35%, 9.35%, 12.35%, and 15.35%). The main results were as follows: Compared with the control group (0.35%), the diets with different lipid supplementation significantly improved (p < 0.05) the contents of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHO), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), complement 3 (C3), and immunoglobulin M (IgM), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), lysozyme (LYZ), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the expression level of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), Akt protein kinase B (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) genes in juvenile tilapia. However, diets with different lipid supplementation significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the expression level of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) genes of juvenile tilapia. In conclusion, the with different lipid supplementation could significantly affect the serum biochemistry, antioxidant responses, initial immunity, and mTOR pathway of juvenile tilapia.
Security in Cloud-Native Services: A Survey
Authors: Theodoropoulos Theodoros , Rosa Luis , Benzaid Chafika , Gray Peter , Marin Eduard , Makris Antonios , Cordeiro Luis , Diego Ferran , Sorokin Pavel , Girolamo Marco Di , Barone Paolo , Taleb Tarik , Tserpes Konstantinos
Published: October 2023

Cloud-native services face unique cybersecurity challenges due to their distributed infrastructure. They are susceptible to various threats like malware, DDoS attacks, and Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attacks. Additionally, these services often process sensitive data that must be protected from unauthorized access. On top of that, the dynamic and scalable nature of cloud-native services makes it difficult to maintain consistent security, as deploying new instances and infrastructure introduces new vulnerabilities. To address these challenges, efficient security solutions are needed to mitigate potential threats while aligning with the characteristics of cloud-native services. Despite the abundance of works focusing on security aspects in the cloud, there has been a notable lack of research that is focused on the security of cloud-native services. To address this gap, this work is the first survey that is dedicated to exploring security in cloud-native services. This work aims to provide a comprehensive investigation of the aspects, features, and solutions that are associated with security in cloud-native services. It serves as a uniquely structured mapping study that maps the key aspects to the corresponding features, and these features to numerous contemporary solutions. Furthermore, it includes the identification of various candidate open-source technologies that are capable of supporting the realization of each explored solution. Finally, it showcases how these solutions can work together in order to establish each corresponding feature. The insights and findings of this work can be used by cybersecurity professionals, such as developers and researchers, to enhance the security of cloud-native services.
Cruising to Success: Unveiling the Financial Harmony of Container Shipping Firms through Total Quality Management and Service Excellence
Authors: Jum’a Luay , Mansour Marwan
Published: October 2023

Background: This paper revolves around a meticulous exploration aimed at discerning the impact of total quality management (TQM) and service quality (SQ) practices upon the financial performance (FP) of firms within the container shipping industry. Our pursuit extends further, delving into the intricacies of SQ as a potential mediating factor in the TQM–FP relationship. This distinctive study investigated six TQM practices in conjunction with five SQ factors, analyzing their impact on firm FP. Methods: This study used a quantitative research approach. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire from logistics specialists and experts in the shipping field. Results: The findings were interesting and showed that two TQM practices—managerial leadership and employee involvement—have a significant positive effect on SQ levels, and one SQ dimension, namely responsiveness, has the biggest and most significant effect on the FP of container shipping companies. Furthermore, SQ mediates the relationship between TQM and FP. Conclusions: This study provides a theoretical contribution by developing a conceptual model that elucidates the correlation between TQM practices and the degree of SQ on the FP of container shipping firms. Moreover, this study provides managers with a tool for identifying, prioritizing, and improving key TQM and SQ practices that contribute significantly to financial success.
Investigation of Optoelectronic Functional Crystals: Crystal Growth, Properties and Applications
Authors: Shi Lihong , Yan Wenbo
Published: October 2023

Optoelectronic functional crystals facilitate the conversion of light and electricity, inspiring breakthroughs in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices [...]
Fast Observation Operator for Global Navigation Satellite System Tropospheric Gradients
Authors: Zus Florian , Thundathil Rohith , Dick Galina , Wickert Jens
Published: October 2023

From the raw measurements at a single Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ground-based station, the Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) and the tropospheric gradient can be estimated. In order to assimilate such data into Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, the observation operator must be developed. Our previously developed tropospheric gradient operator is based on a linear combination of tropospheric delays and, therefore, is difficult to implement into NWP Data Assimilation (DA) systems. In this technical note, we develop a fast observation operator. This observation operator is based on an integral expression which contains the north–south and east–west horizontal gradients of refractivity. We run a numerical weather model (the horizontal resolution is 10 km) and show that for stations located in central Europe and in the warm season, the root-mean-square deviation between the tropospheric gradients calculated by the fast and original approach is about 0.15 mm. This deviation is regarded acceptable for assimilation since the typical root-mean-square deviation between observed and forward modelled tropospheric gradients is about 0.5 mm. We then implement the developed operator in our experimental DA system and test the proposed approach. In particular, we analyze the impact of the assimilation on the refractivity field. The developed tropospheric gradient operator, together with its tangent linear and adjoint version, is freely available (Fortran code) and ready to be implemented into NWP DA systems.
The Role of GeneXpert® for Tuberculosis Diagnostics in Brazil: An Examination from a Historical and Epidemiological Perspective
Authors: Iúdice Tirça Naiara da Silva , da Conceição Marília Lima , de Brito Artemir Coelho , de Souza Nicole Menezes , Mesquita Cristal Ribeiro , Guimarães Ricardo José de Paula Souza e , Furlaneto Ismari Perini , Saboia Alessandra de Souza , Lourenço Maria Cristina da Silva , Lima Karla Valéria Batista , Conceição Emilyn Costa
Published: October 2023

The rapid molecular test (RMT) performed on the GeneXpert® system is widely used as a control strategy and surveillance technique for tuberculosis (TB). In the region of the Americas, TB incidence is slowly increasing owing to an upward trend in Brazil, which is among the high TB-burden countries (HBCs), ranking in the 19th position. In this context, we aimed to (i) describe the implementation and history of RMT-TB (Xpert® MTB/RIF and Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra) in Brazil; (ii) to evaluate the national RMT laboratory distribution, TB, and resistance to RIF detection by RMT; and (iii) to correlate these data with Brazilian TB incidence. The quantitative data of Xpert® MTB/RIF and Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra assays performed in the pulmonary TB investigation from 2014 to 2020 were provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. A spatial visualization using ArcGIS software was performed. The Southeast region constituted about half of the RMT laboratories—from 39.4% to 45.9% of the total value over the five regions. Regarding the federal units, the São Paulo state alone represented from 20.2% to 34.1% (5.0 to 8.5 times the value) of RMT laboratories over the years observed. There were significant differences (p < 0.0001) in the frequency of RMT laboratories between all years of the historical series. There was an unequal distribution of RMT laboratories between Brazilian regions and federal units. This alerts us for the surveillance of rapid molecular detection of TB in different parts of the country, with the possibility of improving the distribution of tests in areas of higher incidence in order to achieve the level of disease control recommended by national and worldwide authorities.
Optimization of occupational safety risk management at the stage of execution of an investment project in the field of forest development based on system knowledge of safety requirements for the performance of work
Authors:   Research and Design Institute for Gas Processing (JSC «NIPIGAZ»), Kurochkin P. A. , Agoshkov A. I. ,   Far Eastern Federal University, Department of «Life Safety in the Technosphere», Grigorev I. V. ,   Arctic State Agrotechnological University, Department of Technology and Equipment of the Forest Complex, Grigoreva O. I. ,   St. Petersburg State Forestry Engineering University named after S. M. Kirov, Department of Forestry
Published: October 2023

The level of occupational injuries in organizations performing forest development work is one of the highest among the sectors of the economy. Considering this aspect, the systematization of knowledge and practical experience in managing the reduction of occupational injuries when performing forest development work is of great practical importance. The article considers the practical experience of managing the reduction of occupational injuries, developed in the implementation of investment projects for the development of forests of the Sakhalin region. The approach presented by the authors is based on the systematization of requirements for the safe performance of work at various stages of the project, taking into account the existing knowledge about the existing dangerous and harmful factors that arise in the process of performing various types of work that affect both employees of organizations and the production environment, as well as the process and result of the project.
Social responsibility of the state as an anti-crisis component of public administration
Authors: Dombrovska Svitlana , Antonova Liudmyla , Shtyrov Oleksandr , Kosse Anatolii
Published: October 2023

The article examines the multifactorial issue of social responsibility, investigates the phenomenon of social responsibility of the state, and determines the role and place of social responsibility in overco ming crisis situations. It is established that in a broad sense, the social responsibility of the state is a system of effective management of the territory, including economic, political, social, security, cultural and environmental measures, in order to increase and maintain the standard of living of the population, which would satisfy the majority of citizens. At the same time, it should be about ensuring sustainable development and prospects for further improvement. It was determined that social responsibility is defined by a dynamic value system, which is characteristic of individuals, social communities and society in general, state and local authorities and their representatives. The emergence of social responsibility is directly related to social values that determine the activity and behavior of all participants in social processes. Based on this, it can be stated that the social responsibility of the state is realized as a manifestation of the will of each individual.

It has been proven that in modern conditions, the key factor for overcoming crisis situations and ensuring the effective development of the state is a stable and society-oriented government, which in its activity covers both the needs of citizens and advanced management practices. In the conditions of a difficult economic, political, social and demographic situation in Ukraine, the social responsibility of the state should become one of the components of a unifying national idea that will help overcome the systemic crisis that affects all spheres of social life. It began to play an especially important role during a full-scale war, when the issue of the survival of the state depends on interaction and mutual trust between the authorities and citizens. It has been proven that for modern Ukraine the focus of actions of public authorities, private and public sector on protection of state interests and support of the economy should become characteristic. A similar vector of development of Ukrainian society contributes to complex development, when the process of formation of common values is accompanied by support from all participants in power-social relations.
Theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding public-administrative discourse as a type of communication in public administration
Authors: Yevtushenko Natalia
Published: October 2023

The article provides a theoretical and methodological analysis of public-administrative discourse as a type of communication between public administration institutions and the public. The author describes the main approaches to understanding the concept of "discourse", which are not limited to purely linguistic issues, but have a wider scope of application in such fields of knowledge as linguistics, political science, philosophy, psychology, pedagogy, journalism, cultural studies, art history, mathematics, and public administration.

The article reveals that "discourse" and its variant "institutional discourse" are a system of actions, roles and norms of behaviour in the process of communication (communication), according to the following main criteria: communication subjects (public authorities, civil society institutions, representatives of a particular social group, the public) communication goals. Its components are "administrative discourse" and "public-administrative discourse".

The author determines that the specificity of "administrative" discourse is communication within the framework of status-role relations, i.e., speech interaction between representatives of executive authorities (civil servants) performing executive and administrative functions and citizens. The main functions of administrative discourse are prescriptive, controlling and evaluative, the essence of which is to assess the work of performers.

It is substantiated that "public-administrative discourse" is a type of communication, communicative interaction between public authorities (public managers) and civil society institutions and the public at different communicative levels in different socio-political conditions. Thus, "public-administrative discourse" is a tool for realising the practical interests of the State, i.e., it contributes to the democratisation of society and improvement of the quality of life of the population.
Human resources management in the Judicial system of Ukraine as one of the directions of the State Judicial Administration: current trends and challenges
Authors: Salnikov Oleksiy
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the peculiarities of human resources  management in the judicial system of Ukraine in recent years, defines the role of the State Judicial Administration in these procedures and the implementation of policies in the field of personnel support and regulation of courts, makes a comparative analysis of statistical indicators of personnel in the judicial system, based on the main trends in reducing personnel, identified problems of staffing courts with appropriate specialists, the need to establish the maximum number of courts and discrepancies between the necessary indicators and real data regarding the personnel of Ukrainian courts. Attention was also paid to issues of personnel management under martial law. The purpose of the article is to determine the main trends and directions of personnel management in the judicial system of Ukraine during the period of transformation and reform. As a result, the author made conclusions regarding the identification of trends and challenges in the modern conditions of personnel management of the judicial system of Ukraine.

Studying the current state of personnel management in the judicial system allows us to identify several trends that have a significant impact on the quality and efficiency of court work. First, there is the issue of the liquidation of courts, which began in 2017 and the associated procedure of reducing staff: in most of these appeal courts, financial issues were not settled, which caused the continuation of payments in the form of judicial fees without exercising powers, when a person received money for unfinished work. Secondly, there were cases when judges did not pass a qualification assessment and were not transferred to newly formed courts or were in the process of appealing decisions of the Supreme Court of Ukraine of Ukraine, and the mechanisms for settling disputed issues in the process of liquidation with those employees who were in social vacations.
Contents of the concept of intellectual property in the constitutional section: the experience of foreign countries
Authors: Shtyrov Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

The article examines modern trends in the constitutional and legal protection of intellectual property with the help of a comparative analysis of the development of the legal institution of intellectual property. It is concluded that the need to ensure the rights of citizens, national security, and the creation of an innovative economy determine the directions of world constitutional development, one of which is the constitutionalization of the legal institute of intellectual property. There are two main methods of constitutionalization: legislative and interpretive.

The subjective constitutional right to intellectual property performs a special "social function", which consists in ensuring an optimal balance between private and public interests.

Constitutionalization is a global trend in the modern development of states and is expressed in the universalization and intensification of the influence of constitutional values on the institutions of different legal systems, which significantly contributes to their convergence. The conclusion that intellectual property is part of the basic constitutional principles of many foreign states. Therefore, among the foundations of the constitutional system, a new principle related to the development of intellectual property relations should be highlighted, including their stimulation, encouragement, guarantee and support in order to achieve economic and social progress of society aimed at building an innovative (based on the knowledge economy) state.

Objectively existing differences between states in the tasks of constitutional regulation, the level of development of intellectual property relations and the degree of their regulation in the current legislation, in the observance of the traditions of constitutional regulation and the propensity of the constitutional legislator to include modern novelties from the constitutions of other countries give rise to new approaches to the constitutional regulation of intellectual property relations, and also entail the emergence of «mixed» models. All this makes the issue of constitutional regulation of intellectual property rights an interesting and promising object of scientific research.
Prospects for improving the state regulation of foreign economic activities in Ukraine through the prism of ensuring the economic security of the state
Authors: Antonova Liudmyla , Antonov Andrii
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this article is to establish the directions of state regulation of foreign exchange, highlight the features of state regulation of foreign exchange, and determine the prospects for improving the mechanism of state regulation of foreign exchange in Ukraine. It has been determined that the ED is a complex complex type of activity that includes various objects and can be stratified into segments taking into account a number of criteria and features. At the same time, what is in demand is not the study of individual areas of regulation of foreign economic activity, but the analysis of their interaction. During the implementation of the FEZ, the achievement of the fundamental goal is significant - such activity should become a source of increasing national income and sustainable development of the economy. This has a perspective only in the course of solving tasks to achieve this goal, which is unattainable without a balanced and effective state administration. It has been proven that the State regulation of foreign trade includes a set of measures that have a legislative, executive and control nature, and are aimed at improving foreign trade in the interests of the country's economy. This system provides for the creation of the necessary conditions and mechanisms for the effective interaction of business entities within different states and at the international level. It has been established that the main directions of foreign economic activity are entrepreneurial activity, foreign trade, provision of various services, financial and credit operations, scientific and technical cooperation with foreign enterprises, etc. Regulation of these types of activities is carried out by the state through its bodies. Also, non-state subjects of economic management are involved in the regulation of foreign exchange, including: stock exchanges, chambers of commerce, associations, etc. The regulation of FEZ takes place together with FEZ subjects themselves on the basis of agreements concluded between them on the coordination of actions. It was emphasized that the essential components of the FED management mechanism are the systematic monitoring of the external and internal environment, the analysis and assessment of the state and development prospects of the FED, the development of tactical and strategic plans. It is legitimate to claim that the active digitization of the economy can provide advantages in the implementation of foreign trade in Ukraine.
Staff rotation: resources of the institutional channel of personnel professionalization and the instrument (procedure) of public service personnel management
Authors: Kuybida Vasyl , Shpektorenko Ihor
Published: October 2023

In the article, the authors define the main tasks that should be solved by job rotation in the public (civil) service. Also, the authors proposed a system of functions as results of the personnel management process, which should be possessed by job rotation. The research was carried out in the paradigm of formation of professional mobility of personnel. The authors summarized that the following job rotation tasks are most common in practice: formation of professional competence, enrichment of professionalism, professional suitability; acquisition of competencies of related positions; transfer of personnel to other positions in order to determine the most optimal option for their placement; prevention of professional deformation; formation of personnel reserve; prevention of corruption.

It is noted that suitability for job rotation also depends on the effectiveness of the previous professionalization process in terms of assessing the general professional mobility of the candidate as his ability to relatively quickly acquire relevant job competencies and switch to individual innovation in work.

From a functional point of view, job rotation should be used in the processes of: professional orientation of personnel; its selection (recruitment, selection, selection) and subsequent professional evaluation; professional motivation; professional adaptation; for professional activation; continuous education (training) and professional education.

It was concluded that the new vision of the functional purpose of job rotation consists in the fact that it can be productively used in the processes of: professional orientation of personnel; its selection (recruitment, selection, selection) and professional evaluation; professional motivation; professional adaptation; professional activation; continuous education (training) and professional education.
Features of the functioning of jury courts in the public administration system in Ukraine
Authors: Lypovska Nataliia , Khozhylo Iryna
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to examine the jury court as a body of public administration.

The legal status of the jury trial in the system of public administration in Ukraine is considered. An analysis of the possibility of interpreting the jury court as a public organization was carried out and it was substantiated that the jury does not fall under the status of a public organization. It has been established that the administration of justice in Ukraine is the function of only state bodies to which the jury belongs, as it is part of the judicial system of Ukraine.

The jury court as a body of state judicial power was considered. It has been proven that the jury has a number of specific features that distinguish state bodies from non-state bodies, in particular, it has been established that the difference between the jury and other bodies of state power is that it does not have a certain permanent composition, and the jury is formed once on the basis of a complex selection mechanism for consideration of a specific case.

It is justified that the jury court is an institution that controls the distribution of power prerogatives between the branches of power: executive, legislative and judicial. The jury, as the most democratic judicial body, in this case performs a control function, preventing the interference of legislative and executive bodies in the administration of justice, which is not provided for by law.

The authors conclude that, in carrying out its activities, the jury closely interacts with other bodies of state power: with law enforcement agencies and the prosecutor’s office as bodies that perform the function of the prosecutor’s office, with local self-government bodies as bodies that provide voter lists, with other bodies of judicial power , which control the activity of the jury court.

It was determined that the jury acts in accordance with the principles of the organization and operation of the state apparatus, which include: legality and constitutionality, the principle of professionalism (regarding professional lawyers) and ethics of civil servants, the optimal structure and functioning of the state body, its effectiveness. These and other principles are reflected in the legal acts regulating the activity of the jury court.
Influence of blockchain technology on improving the electronic governance in Ukraine
Authors: Yusifbeyli Rashid Rasul Ogly
Published: October 2023

The article examines the features of the influence of technical and technological tools on improving the quality of electronic governance in the field of public management and administration, in particular blockchain technology. These technologies have certain positive applied results, implemented on the basis of theoretical and methodological research by domestic and foreign scientists. In the future, they will become one of the basic technological resources using the e-government mechanism in Ukraine for the development of the entire sphere of public management and administration.

To make appropriate decisions on the implementation of blockchain technology as part of the implementation of projects based on e-governance in Ukraine, it is advisable to analyze at the proper scientific level the principles of functioning of blockchain technology in the field of public administration, to identify the corresponding advantages and disadvantages of their use in the context of global challenges and threats, and also in the context of Ukraine’s integration processes in the EU; carry out assessment and forecasting of risks associated with their future use in the field of activity indicated by the author.

The article discusses the features of building blockchain technology (hereinafter referred to as blockchain) in e-governance, the essence of which is the accounting and exchange of ownership rights to digital assets (structured data) in the form of a distributed registry of a peer-to-peer network (Distributed Ledger).

An analysis of the term «blockchain» in scientific domestic and foreign literature is presented. The technological advantages of using blockchain technology in e-government are identified to ensure interoperability of the activities of public administration bodies. The essence of blockchain models is revealed by subjects of administration and by the method of access to data, operations and transactions; their classification of organizations according to four typical patterns: inclusive exclusive, public, closed.
Cases of Detection of Anti-Lewisa Antibodies
Authors: Антух Е.И. , Крупская В.Л.
Published: October 2023

Антитела Lewis (aнти-Lea, aнти-Leb, анти-Lex и другие) встречаются, как правило, у людей с фенотипом Le(a-b-) и редко имеют трансфузионное происхождение. В статье описаны 3 случая возникновения антител Lewis – анти-Lea – в сыворотке крови молодых людей без видимой антигенной стимуляции. По наблюдениям, антитела анти-Lea вырабатывались лицами с фенотипом Le(a-b-), с А(II), В(III) группами крови системы AB0.

Lewis antibodies (anti-Lea, anti-Leb, anti-Lex and others) are commonly found in people with the Le(a-b-) phenotype and are rarely of transfusion origin. The article describes 3 cases of the occurrence of Lewis antibodies – anti-Lea – in the blood serum of young people without visible antigenic stimulation. According to observations, anti-Lea antibodies were produced by persons Le(a-b-), with A(II), B(III) blood groups of the AB0 system.
Safe and Effective Platelet Preparation by Intensive Automatic Apheresis in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Новик А.В. , Романчук И.А. , Федуро Н.А. , Карпенко Ф.Н.
Published: October 2023

Заготовка лечебных доз тромбоцитов от минимального числа доноров актуальна в настоящее время в связи с возрастающей потребностью в тромбоцитах при проведении высокотехнологичных оперативных вмешательств в кардиохирургии, травматологии и ортопедии, трансплантологии, для лечения пациентов онкогематологического профиля с геморрагическим синдромом при тромбоцитопении. Необходимость селекции доноров, максимального и эффективного использования кадровых доноров с повторным привлечением к интенсивному аферезу тромбоцитов и увеличением кратности процедур позволяет получить заявленное количество безопасных и качественных тромбоцитов с обоснованными затратами центров трансфузиологии республики, имеющих достаточно оборудования для афереза. Сохранение здоровья донорского контингента является приоритетом при проведении интенсивного афереза, что обеспечивается персонифицированным подходом к получению возможного количества тромбоцитов от каждого донора.

The collection of therapeutic doses of platelets from a minimal number of donors is currently actual due to the increasing demand for platelets during high-tech surgical interventions in cardiac surgery, traumatology and orthopedics, transplantology, for the treatment of patients of oncohematological profile with hemorrhagic syndrome in thrombocytopenia. The need for donor selection, maximum and efficient use of regular donors with repeated involvement in intensive platelet apheresis and increased multiplicity of procedures allows to obtain the claimed number of safe and quality platelets with reasonable costs of transfusiology centers of the republic, having enough equipment for apheresis. Maintaining the health of the donor population is a priority in intensive apheresis, which is ensured by a personalized approach to get the possible number of platelets from each donor.