bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytic cycles in flip passages and in instanton moduli spaces over non-Kählerian surfaces
Authors: Teleman Andrei
Published: May 2016

Let [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) be a moduli space of stable (polystable) bundles with fixed determinant on a complex surface with [Formula: see text] and let [Formula: see text] be a pure [Formula: see text]-dimensional analytic set. We prove a general formula for the homological boundary [Formula: see text] of the Borel–Moore fundamental class of [Formula: see text] in the boundary of the blown up moduli space [Formula: see text]. The proof is based on the holomorphic model theorem of [A. Teleman, Instanton moduli spaces on non-Kählerian surfaces, Holomorphic models around the reduction loci, J. Geom. Phys. 91 (2015) 66–87] which identifies a neighborhood of a boundary component of [Formula: see text] with a neighborhood of the boundary of a “blown up flip passage”. We then focus on a particular instanton moduli space which intervenes in our program for proving the existence of curves on class VII surfaces. Using our result, combined with general properties of the Donaldson cohomology classes, we prove incidence relations between the Zariski closures (in the considered moduli space) of certain families of extensions. These incidence relations are crucial for understanding the geometry of the moduli space, and cannot be obtained using classical complex geometric deformation theory.
A novel scheme for curved moving boundaries in the lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Xu Lina , Rao Parthib , Schaefer Laura
Published: May 2016

We propose a novel scheme to handle moving boundaries, both straight and curved, within the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). In this scheme, which is broadly based on the Chapman–Enskog expansion, the fictitious distributions are constructed exactly on the moving boundary. This is in contrast to existing methods where such distributions are constructed on neighboring nodes which may not lie on the moving boundary. The post-collisional distributions on the fluid nodes near the moving boundary are then constructed using first- or second-order interpolations. The proposed scheme also overcomes the requirement to have separate interpolation formulations for different values of the intersection parameter. Several validation tests presented here indicate improved accuracy and numerical stability, compliance with Galilean invariance principle, an ability to preserve the geometric fidelity of curved surfaces.
Phase transition of BiMnO3 multiferroic thin film by Landau–Ginzburg theory
Authors: Alrub Ahmad Musleh , Ong Lye-Hock , Chew K.-H. , Khoshman J. M. , Al Shabaan Ghadeer N. , Abu Hilaleh Rawa’ah
Published: May 2016

Magnetoelectric (ME) multiferroic bismuth manganite (BiMnO[Formula: see text] has ferroelectric (FE) and ferromagnetic order parameters that coupled biquadratically. Landau free energy expression in these order parameters is proposed to investigate the phase transition and thermodynamic properties of a BiMnO3 film. The surface energy term is included in the free energy. We find that the ME coupling enhances the magnetic transition temperature. The magnetization and polarization order parameters are both increased strongly below the new magnetic transition temperature. The curves for magnetization and polarization versus temperature show that the phase transition is second-order. The entropy, free energy, and specific heat of the BiMnO3 multiferroic are calculated. Thickness-driven phase transitions for magnetization and polarization of BiMnO3 thin film are clearly indicated.
First-principles study of optical properties of InN nanosheet
Authors: Sarmazdeh Masoud Majidiyan , Mendi Roohallah Taghavi , Zelati Amir , Boochani Arash , Nofeli Fariba
Published: May 2016

Based on density functional theory (DFT), some optical properties of InN nanosheet, such as dielectric function, energy loss function, refractive index, reflectivity and absorption coefficient, have been calculated using the modified Becke–Johnson (mBJ) exchange–correlation potential and full potential-linearized augmented plane waves (FP-LAPW) method. The study of dielectric function show that optical properties of InN nanosheet are anisotropic and important energy range in the optical process is between low energies to 20 eV. The results indicate the plasmon energy of InN nanosheet occurs in the lower energy than bulk InN and in addition the plasmon energy in the in-plane direction is different from that perpendicular to the in-plane direction. The obtained optical gaps are 1.2 eV and 3.6 eV in perpendicular and parallel to [Formula: see text]-axis, respectively. Study of refractive index and optical reflectivity shows that the superluminal phenomena occur in the several energy ranges for the InN nanosheet and this nanosheet has high transparency in a wide energy range. The results propose that the InN nanosheet is a good candidate for the optical communications applications, optoelectronics devices and transparent coatings.
Static spherically symmetric solutions in f(G) gravity
Authors: Sharif M. , Fatima H. Ismat
Published: May 2016

We investigate interior solutions for static spherically symmetric metric in the background of [Formula: see text] gravity. We use the technique of conformal Killing motions to solve the field equations with both isotropic and anisotropic matter distributions. These solutions are then used to obtain density, radial and tangential pressures for power-law [Formula: see text] model. For anisotropic case, we assume a linear equation-of-state and investigate solutions for the equation-of-state parameter [Formula: see text]. We check physical validity of the solutions through energy conditions and also examine its stability. Finally, we study equilibrium configuration using Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation.
Optimal Placement of PMUs Using Adaptive Genetic Algorithm Considering Measurement Redundancy
Authors: Zhou Xin , Sun Haishun , Zhang Cong , Dai Qiangsheng
Published: May 2016

With the extensive use of PMUs in power system, how to implement the optimal PMU placement for complete system observability is becoming more and more significant. Against simple genetic algorithm, easy to fall into local minima, this paper proposed a simple and effective adaptive genetic algorithm, aimed at determining the optimal placement of PMUs. The proposed algorithm provides adaptive crossover and mutation probability in iterations and has better convergence and global search ability than simple genetic algorithm, confirmed in many practical applications. Generally speaking, minimum PMU placement problem has multiple solutions, and this paper proposed an index of observability redundancy to rank these multiple solutions. Moreover, several observability rules were also put forward and proved with great help in obtaining the optimal solution. Simulations using MATLAB are conducted on IEEE 7 bus, 14 bus, 24 bus, 30 bus, 57 bus, 118 bus and New England 39 bus test systems in order to verify the validity of this adaptive method. Results compared with other existing methods show that the proposed adaptive method is simple to realize and obtains the optimal solution with high redundancy in very few generations, which is much more effective than the results by major existing algorithms and shows a good reference value.
Templates of Dictionary Entries of Bangla Repetition Words for Universal Networking Language
Authors: Roy Ashok Toru , Islam Md. Anik , Ali Md. Nawab Yousuf
Published: May 2016

This paper presents the development of dictionary entries of Bangla repetition words to integrate them into an interlingua representation called universal networking language (UNL) processors. Here, we particularly emphasize on categorization and construction of dictionary for the repetition words with the goal to prepare a Bangla-UNL dictionary. We have outlined the format of dictionary entries of different types of repetition words that come from verb roots and assigned head words and attributes for those words based on the framework of UNL provided by the UNL center.
Optimization Problems for a Modular Software with Faults of Different Severity
Authors: Kapur P. K. , Sachdeva Nitin
Published: May 2016

For the past several decades, reliability has been presumed as the most important characteristic of any complex software system. Software developer’s assurance of high quality and reliable software is driven on the basis of efficient reliability assessment. Since 1970’s an unprecedented growth has been observed in the area of software reliability growth modeling. Software reliability growth models (SRGM) are linked to the testing stage of software development and provides for insights into ways to improve reliability of the system and optimal time to release the software. Several SRGMs have been proposed in the literature to model fault identification/removal phenomenon based on time; search for more efficient and accurate models that can fit greater number of reliability growth curves is endless. Categorization of faults lying in the software has been widely studied as well. Also, efforts have been made in the past to understand reliability issues concerned with modular software system. In this paper we examine three different types of faults lying in complex software and study their behavior in an N-module software system. In order to attain two fold objectives of maximizing reliability of such a system and minimizing overall debugging cost, we propose two related optimization models. The inbuilt model flexibility takes care of different environment. The model is validated by real life software failure data set to show its goodness of fit and applicability.
GENERALIZED BARNDORFF-NIELSEN AND SHEPHARD MODEL AND DISCRETELY MONITORED OPTION PRICING
Authors: YAMAZAKI AKIRA
Published: May 2016

This paper proposes a generalization of the Barndorff-Nielsen and Shephard model, in which the log return on an asset is governed by a Lévy process with stochastic volatility modeled by a non-Gaussian Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. Under the generalized model, we derive a closed-form expression of the multivariate characteristic function of the intertemporal joint distribution of the underlying log return. Then, we also investigate asymptotic behavior of the log return and its variance. Moreover, we evaluate discretely monitored path-dependent derivatives such as geometric Asian, forward start, barrier, fade-in, and lookback options as well as European options.
Strategic Support of Node-Consistent Cooperative Outcomes in Dynamic Games Played Over Event Trees
Authors: Parilina Elena , Zaccour Georges
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we show that cooperative outcomes in a dynamic game played over an event tree can be supported strategically, that is, to be part of a subgame perfect [Formula: see text]-equilibrium. A numerical example illustrates our results.
Stable Cooperation in a Game with a Major Player
Authors: Parilina Elena , Sedakov Artem
Published: May 2016

The theory of cooperative games with restricted cooperation has been rapidly developing over the last decades. In our study, we present a special game with restricted cooperation — a game with a major player — a modified version of the landlord game presented in Moulin [1988]. Cooperation of players is supposed to be restricted by a communication structure (a star-graph) as well as a coalition structure. We adopt two well-known cooperative allocations — the Myerson value and the ES-value — to the case when there exist restrictions on the cooperation of players and provide their analytical expressions. Additionally, we examine stability of coalition structures using the concept of the Nash equilibrium and formulate conditions guaranteeing such stability for a given coalition structure.
Price Competition on the Market of Counterfeiting Software
Authors: Zenkevich Nikolay , Gladkova Margarita
Published: May 2016

In this paper, the market of software products is considered. Regularly this market is suffering from existence of counterfeit or pirate products which causes problems and challenges for original software developers. Taking this fact into account the paper is trying to solve the problem of price competition on this market. The software company set the price and the quality of the software product while the counterfeit or pirate company suggests the consumers the product of the lower quality. First the general model is analyzed and price equilibrium is defined. Second, the monopoly case is considered separately and optimal software price is defined. Finally, it is supposed that there are two companies that produce original software on the market who compete and differentiate in product quality, and there are two pirate companies who produce the same type of software. The duopoly case is analyzed and equilibrium prices for competing companies are obtained in the explicit form.
Convergence of the Weil–Petersson metric on the Teichmüller space of bordered Riemann surfaces
Authors: Radnell David , Schippers Eric , Staubach Wolfgang
Published: May 2016

Consider a Riemann surface of genus [Formula: see text] bordered by [Formula: see text] curves homeomorphic to the unit circle, and assume that [Formula: see text]. For such bordered Riemann surfaces, the authors have previously defined a Teichmüller space which is a Hilbert manifold and which is holomorphically included in the standard Teichmüller space. We show that any tangent vector can be represented as the derivative of a holomorphic curve whose representative Beltrami differentials are simultaneously in [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and furthermore that the space of [Formula: see text] differentials in [Formula: see text] decomposes as a direct sum of infinitesimally trivial differentials and [Formula: see text] harmonic [Formula: see text] differentials. Thus the tangent space of this Teichmüller space is given by [Formula: see text] harmonic Beltrami differentials. We conclude that this Teichmüller space has a finite Weil–Petersson Hermitian metric. Finally, we show that the aforementioned Teichmüller space is locally modeled on a space of [Formula: see text] harmonic Beltrami differentials.
Logarithmic intertwining operators and genus-one correlation functions
Authors: Fiordalisi Francesco
Published: May 2016

This is the first of two papers in which we study the modular invariance of pseudotraces of logarithmic intertwining operators. We construct and study genus-one correlation functions for logarithmic intertwining operators among generalized modules over a positive-energy and [Formula: see text]-cofinite vertex operator algebra [Formula: see text]. We consider grading-restricted generalized [Formula: see text]-modules which admit a right action of some associative algebra [Formula: see text], and intertwining operators among such modules which commute with the action of [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]-intertwining operators). We obtain duality properties, i.e. suitable associativity and commutativity properties, for [Formula: see text]-intertwining operators. Using pseudotraces introduced by Miyamoto and studied by Arike, we define formal [Formula: see text]-traces of products of [Formula: see text]-intertwining operators, and obtain certain identities for these formal series. This allows us to show that the formal [Formula: see text]-traces satisfy a system of differential equations with regular singular points, and therefore are absolutely convergent in a suitable region and can be extended to yield multivalued analytic functions, called genus-one correlation functions. Furthermore, we show that the space of solutions of these differential equations is invariant under the action of the modular group.
Algebraically inspired results on convex functions and bodies
Authors: Rotem Liran
Published: May 2016

We show how algebraic identities, inequalities and constructions, which hold for numbers or matrices, often have analogs in the geometric classes of convex bodies or convex functions. By letting the polar body [Formula: see text] or the dual function [Formula: see text] play the role of the inverses “[Formula: see text]” and “[Formula: see text]”, we are able to conjecture many new results, which often turn out to be correct. As one example, we prove that for every convex function [Formula: see text] one has [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text]. We also prove several corollaries of this identity, including a Santal type inequality and a contribution to the theory of summands. We proceed to discuss the analogous identity for convex bodies, where an unexpected distinction appears between the classical Minkowski addition and the more modern 2-addition. In the final section of the paper we consider the harmonic and geometric means of convex bodies and convex functions, and discuss their concavity properties. Once again, we find that in some problems the 2-addition of convex bodies behaves even better than the Minkowski addition.
Schrödinger–Poisson systems with a general critical nonlinearity
Authors: Zhang Jianjun , do Ó João Marcos , Squassina Marco
Published: May 2016

We consider a Schrödinger–Poisson system involving a general nonlinearity at critical growth and we prove the existence of positive solutions. The Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition is not required. We also study the asymptotics of solutions with respect to a parameter.
Tunneling for the Robin Laplacian in smooth planar domains
Authors: Helffer Bernard , Kachmar Ayman , Raymond Nicolas
Published: May 2016

We study the low-lying eigenvalues of the semiclassical Robin Laplacian in a smooth planar domain with bounded boundary which is symmetric with respect to an axis. In the case when the curvature of the boundary of the domain attains its maximum at exactly two points away from the axis of symmetry, we establish an explicit asymptotic formula for the splitting of the first two eigenvalues. This is a rigorous derivation of the semiclassical tunneling effect induced by the domain’s geometry. Our approach is close to the Born–Oppenheimer one and yields, as a byproduct, a Weyl formula of independent interest.
Multiple solutions for an inclusion quasilinear problem with nonhomogeneous boundary condition through Orlicz–Sobolev spaces
Authors: Nemer Rodrigo C. M. , Santos Jefferson A.
Published: May 2016

In this work, we study multiplicity of nontrivial solution for the following class of differential inclusion problems with nonhomogeneous Neumann condition through Orlicz–Sobolev spaces, [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is a domain, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is the generalized gradient of [Formula: see text]. The main tools used are Variational Methods for Locally Lipschitz Functional and Critical Point Theory.
Vanishing-concentration-compactness alternative for the Trudinger–Moser inequality in ℝN
Authors: Do Ó João Marcos , Sani Federica , Tarsi Cristina
Published: May 2016

Let [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Our aim is to clarify the influence of the constraint [Formula: see text] on concentration phenomena of (spherically symmetric and non-increasing) maximizing sequences for the Trudinger–Moser supremum [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the sharp exponent of Moser, i.e. [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is the surface measure of the [Formula: see text]-dimensional unit sphere in [Formula: see text]. We obtain a vanishing-concentration-compactness alternative showing that maximizing sequences for [Formula: see text] cannot concentrate either when [Formula: see text] or when [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is sufficiently small. From this alternative, we deduce the attainability of [Formula: see text] for special values of the parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
Elliptic-like regularization of a fully nonlinear evolution inclusion and applications
Authors: Barbu Luminiţa , Moroşanu Gheorghe
Published: May 2016

Consider in a Hilbert space [Formula: see text] the Cauchy problem [Formula: see text]: [Formula: see text], and associate with it the second-order problem [Formula: see text]: [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a (possibly set-valued) maximal monotone operator, [Formula: see text] is a Lipschitz operator, and [Formula: see text] is a positive small parameter. Note that [Formula: see text] is an elliptic-like regularization of [Formula: see text] in the sense suggested by Lions in his book on singular perturbations. We prove that the solution [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] approximates the solution [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]: [Formula: see text]. Applications to the nonlinear heat equation as well as to the nonlinear telegraph system and the nonlinear wave equation are presented.
Entry time statistics to different shrinking sets
Authors: Cipriano Italo
Published: May 2016

We consider [Formula: see text]-mixing dynamical systems [Formula: see text] and we find conditions on families of sets [Formula: see text] so that [Formula: see text] tends in law to an exponential random variable, where [Formula: see text] is the entry time to [Formula: see text]
A commutativity condition on subsets of rings
Authors: Bell H. E. , Zarrin M.
Published: May 2016

Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. A ring [Formula: see text] is called a [Formula: see text]-ring if for every [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]-subsets [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] there exist [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text]. We give noncommutative examples of such rings, and we discuss finiteness and commutativity.
Development of TOPSIS Method to Solve Complicated Decision-Making Problems — An Overview on Developments from 2000 to 2015
Authors: Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Mardani Abbas , Turskis Zenonas , Jusoh Ahmad , Nor Khalil MD
Published: May 2016

In recent years several previous scholars made attempts to develop, extend, propose and apply Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) for solving problems in decision making issues. Indeed, there are questions, how TOPSIS can help for solving these problems? Or does TOPSIS solved decision making problems in the real world? Therefore, this study shows the recent developments of TOPSIS approach which are presented by previous scholars. To achieve this objective, there are 105 reviewed papers which developed, extended, proposed and presented TOPSIS approach for solving DM problems. The results of the study indicated that 49 scholars have extended or developed TOPSIS technique and 56 scholars have proposed or presented new modifications for problems solution related to TOPSIS technique from 2000 to 2015. In addition, results of this study indicated that, previous studies have modifications related to this technique in 2011 more than other years.
Computational (DFT and MP2) and spectral interpretations, normal coordinate analysis, force constants and barriers to internal rotations of Trimethylacetonitrile
Authors: Mohamed Tarek A. , Shaaban Ibrahim A. , Soliman Usama A , Wilson Lee D.
Published: May 2016

The Raman (3500[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]100[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] and IR spectra (4000[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]400[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] of liquid trimethylacetonitrile (C5H9N, TMA) have been obtained. In addition, the1H and [Formula: see text]C NMR spectra of TMA were obtained in DMSO-[Formula: see text] and CDCl3. The staggered conformer (C[Formula: see text] was favored using MP2 and DFT(B3LYP/[Formula: see text]B97XD) quantum mechanical calculations utilizing a 6-311[Formula: see text]G(d,p) basis set. High energy difference estimates of 4534[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]5338[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] (12.96[Formula: see text]kcal/mol[Formula: see text]15.26[Formula: see text]kcal/mol) were predicted, along with three imaginary torsion frequencies for the eclipsed conformer, therefore considered a transition state. The1H and [Formula: see text]C NMR chemical shifts were predicted with B3LYP and [Formula: see text]B97XD methods using the GIAO approximation and 6-311[Formula: see text]G(d,p) basis set. B3LYP frequencies calculation is favored herein owing to the relatively good compilation with the experimental measurements. The computed structural parameters are well correlated to those reported from electron diffraction and microwave studies. Moreover, the [Formula: see text]C[Formula: see text]H coupling constant was estimated and found consistent with that observed for the sample dissolved in DMSO-[Formula: see text]/CDCl3solvents. Using the observed methyl torsion at 266[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] in gas phase and the kinetic parameter F number, a potential function (V[Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]kcal/mol) was obtained, this barrier to internal rotation is well correlated to 1527[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] (4.37[Formula: see text]kcal/mol) predicted from MP2/6-311[Formula: see text]G(d,p) potential surface scan. Aided by the predicted wavenumbers and their IR intensity/Raman activity, the observed IR/Raman bands were intensively discussed and therefore assigned to their corresponding fundamentals, in agreement with novel normal coordinate analysis and potential energy distributions (PEDs).
Underwriting information-theoretic accounts of quantum mechanics with a realist, psi-epistemic model
Authors: Stuckey W. M. , Silberstein Michael , McDevitt Timothy
Published: May 2016

We propose an adynamical interpretation of quantum theory called Relational Blockworld (RBW) where the fundamental ontological element is a 4D graphical amalgam of space, time and sources called a “spacetimesource element.” These are fundamental elements of space, time and sources, not source elements in space and time. The transition amplitude for a spacetimesource element is computed using a path integral with discrete graphical action. The action for a spacetimesource element is constructed from a difference matrix K and source vector J on the graph, as in lattice gauge theory. K is constructed from graphical field gradients so that it contains a non-trivial null space and J is then restricted to the row space of K, so that it is divergence-free and represents a conserved exchange of energy–momentum. This construct of K and J represents an adynamical global constraint between sources, the spacetime metric and the energy–momentum content of the spacetimesource element, rather than a dynamical law for time-evolved entities. To illustrate this interpretation, we explain the simple EPR-Bell and twin-slit experiments. This interpretation of quantum mechanics constitutes a realist, psi-epistemic model that might underwrite certain information-theoretic accounts of the quantum.
Quantum turing machine and brain model represented by Fock space
Authors: Iriyama Satoshi , Ohya Masanori
Published: May 2016

The adaptive dynamics is known as a new mathematics to treat with a complex phenomena, for example, chaos, quantum algorithm and psychological phenomena. In this paper, we briefly review the notion of the adaptive dynamics, and explain the definition of the generalized Turing machine (GTM) and recognition process represented by the Fock space. Moreover, we show that there exists the quantum channel which is described by the GKSL master equation to achieve the Chaos Amplifier used in [M. Ohya and I. V. Volovich, J. Opt. B 5(6) (2003) 639., M. Ohya and I. V. Volovich, Rep. Math. Phys. 52(1) (2003) 25.]
An Investigation of Key Factors Affecting the Adoption of Smartphone in Three Regions
Authors: Kim Jong Seok
Published: May 2016

The primary aim of this paper is to propose an integrated model of smartphone adoption that incorporates product benefit, technological capabilities, consumption pattern and word of mouth (WOM) into the technology acceptance model. In this study, the author proposes a structural equation model (SEM) which was empirically evaluated by using survey data collected from 5500 respondents with demographics in Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa, and Europe to investigate their perception and attitudes toward smartphone adoption intention. The results reveal that product benefit, technological capabilities, consumption pattern change and WOM have all positive effect on the perception of innovativeness. Attitude toward a product turned out to play mediating role between perceived innovativeness and intention of adoption. In addition, the outcomes of this investigation indicated that there were no significant cultural differences between respondents in three different regions in regard to the adoption of a smartphone.
Ion Exchange Synthesis of Bi2MoO6/BiOI Heterojunctions for Photocatalytic Degradation and Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Fan Linlin , Wei Bo , Xu Lingling , Liu Yang , Cao Wanlu , Ma Ning , Gao Hong
Published: May 2016

In this study, flower-like Bi2MoO6/BiOI heterostructure photocatalysts were synthesized via an anion exchange method using BiOI as precursor. The composition of Bi2MoO6/BiOI can be easily controlled by adjusting the MoO[Formula: see text]/I[Formula: see text] molar ratio. Photocatalytic activity studies based on the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) show that Bi2MoO6/BiOI[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]50% photocatalyst exhibited the best performance under visible light excitation. The radical scavengers test demonstrated that holes was the main reactive species for the degradation of RhB, and[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] also took part in the photodecomposition process. Photoelectrochemical measurement reveals that the Bi2MoO6/BiOI[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]50% exhibit enhanced carrier densities, charge separation and photocurrent compared with the original Bi2MoO6 and BiOI. Our results show that bismuth-based heterojunctions fabricated through the anion exchange method could be a cost-effective approach to improve the photocatalytic activity and photoelectrochemical performance of BiOI.
Stability analysis for a size-structured model of species in a space-limited habitat
Authors: He Ze-Rong , Xie Qiang-Jun , Wang Hai-Tao
Published: May 2016

We investigate the stability of steady states of a size- and stage-structured population model, which is a hybrid system of ordinary and partial differential equations with global integral feedbacks. After the formulation of a criterion by spectrum method, we derive conditions for global stability of the trivial state and local stability of the positive equilibrium via the basic reproduction rate. Furthermore, some examples and simulations are presented to illustrate the obtained results.
Spectral and mathematical evaluation of electromyography signals for clinical use
Authors: Veer Karan
Published: May 2016

The surface electromyography (SEMG) is a complicated biomedical signal, generated during voluntary or involuntary muscle activities and these muscle activities are always controlled by the nervous system. In this paper, the processing and analysis of SEMG signals at multiple muscle points for different operations were carried out. Myoelectric signals were detected using designed acquisition setup which consists of an instrumentation amplifier, filter circuit, an amplifier with gain adjustment. Further, Labview[Formula: see text]-based data programming code was used to record SEMG signals for independent activities. The whole system consists of bipolar noninvasive electrodes, signal acquisition protocols and signal conditioning at different levels. This work uses recorded SEMG signals generated by biceps and triceps muscles for four different arm activities. Feature extraction was done on the recorded signal for investigating the voluntary muscular contraction relationship for exercising statistic measured index method to evaluate distance between two independent groups by directly addressing the quality of signal in separability class for different arm movements. Thereafter repeated factorial analysis of variance technique was implemented to evaluate the effectiveness of processed signal. From these results, it demonstrates that the proposed method can be used as SEMG feature evaluation index.
Trapezoidal fuzzy model to optimize transportation problem
Authors: Mathur Nirbhay , Srivastava Pankaj Kumar , Paul Ajit
Published: May 2016

The main aim of this paper is to develop an approach based on trapezoidal fuzzy numbers to optimize transportation problem in fuzzy environment. The present algorithm has representation of availability, demand and transportation cost as trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. This algorithm is found quicker in terms of runtime as comparison to fuzzy VAM discussed in [Kaur A., Kumar A., A new method for solving fuzzy transportation problem using ranking function, Appl. Math. Model. 35:5652–5661, 2011; Ismail Mohideen S., Senthil Kumar P., A comparative study on transportation problem in fuzzy environment, Int. J. Math. Res. 2:151–158, 2010]. On the other hand this technique gives much better results than some classical methods like north-west corner and least cost method. Another benefit of this algorithm is that for certain transportation problems it directly gives optimal solution. It is one of the simplest methods to apply and perceive. Practical usefulness of the new method over other existing methods is demonstrated with two numerical examples.
Electropermanent magnet actuation for droplet ferromicrofluidics
Authors: Padovani José I. , Jeffrey Stefanie S. , Howe Roger T.
Published: May 2016

Droplet actuation is an essential mechanism for droplet-based microfluidic systems. On-demand electromagnetic actuation is used in a ferrofluid-based microfluidic system for water droplet displacement. Electropermanent magnets (EPMs) are used to induce 50 mT magnetic fields in a ferrofluid filled microchannel with gradients up to 6.4 × 104 kA/m2. Short 50 µs current pulses activate the electropermanent magnets and generate negative magnetophoretic forces that range from 10 to 70 nN on 40 to 80 µm water-in-ferrofluid droplets. Maximum droplet displacement velocities of up to 300 µm/s are obtained under flow and no-flow conditions. Electropermanent magnet-activated droplet sorting under continuous flow is demonstrated using a split-junction microfluidic design.
Kernelized Information-Theoretic Metric Learning for Cancer Diagnosis Using High-Dimensional Molecular Profiling Data
Authors: Xiong Feiyu , Kam Moshe , Hrebien Leonid , Wang Beilun , Qi Yanjun
Published: May 2016

With the advancement of genome-wide monitoring technologies, molecular expression data have become widely used for diagnosing cancer through tumor or blood samples. When mining molecular signature data, the process of comparing samples through an adaptive distance function is fundamental but difficult, as such datasets are normally heterogeneous and high dimensional. In this article, we present kernelized information-theoretic metric learning (KITML) algorithms that optimize a distance function to tackle the cancer diagnosis problem and scale to high dimensionality. By learning a nonlinear transformation in the input space implicitly through kernelization, KITML permits efficient optimization, low storage, and improved learning of distance metric. We propose two novel applications of KITML for diagnosing cancer using high-dimensional molecular profiling data: (1) for sample-level cancer diagnosis, the learned metric is used to improve the performance of
k
-nearest neighbor classification; and (2) for estimating the severity level or stage of a group of samples, we propose a novel set-based ranking approach to extend KITML. For the sample-level cancer classification task, we have evaluated on 14 cancer gene microarray datasets and compared with eight other state-of-the-art approaches. The results show that our approach achieves the best overall performance for the task of molecular-expression-driven cancer sample diagnosis. For the group-level cancer stage estimation, we test the proposed set-KITML approach using three multi-stage cancer microarray datasets, and correctly estimated the stages of sample groups for all three studies.
Synthesis of Dual-Mode Circuits Through Library Design, Gate Sizing, and Clock-Tree Optimization
Authors: Kim Sangmin , Kang Seokhyeong , Shin Youngsoo
Published: May 2016

A dual-mode circuit is a circuit that has two operating modes: a default high-performance mode at nominal voltage and a secondary low-performance near-threshold voltage (NTV) mode. A key problem that we address is to maximize NTV mode clock frequency. Some cells that are particularly slow in NTV mode are optimized through transistor sizing and stack removal; static noise margin of each gate is extracted and appended in a library so that function failures can be checked and removed during synthesis. A new gate-sizing algorithm is proposed that takes account of timing slacks at both modes. A new sensitivity measure is introduced for this purpose; binary search is then applied to find the maximum NTV mode frequency. Clock-tree synthesis is reformulated to minimize clock skew at both modes. This is motivated by the fact that the proportion of load-dependent delay along clock paths, as well as clock-path delays themselves, should be made equal. Experiments on some test circuits indicate that NTV mode clock period is reduced by 24%, on average; clock skew at NTV decreases by 13%, on average; and NTV mode energy-delay product is reduced by 20%, on average.
Performance Evaluation of NoC-Based Multicore Systems
Authors: Qian Zhiliang , Bogdan Paul , Tsui Chi-Ying , Marculescu Radu
Published: May 2016

In this survey, we review several approaches for predicting performance of Network-on-Chip (NoC)-based multicore systems, starting from the traffic models to the complex NoC models for latency evaluation. We first review typical traffic models to represent the application workloads in NoC. Specifically, we review Markovian and non-Markovian (e.g., self-similar or long-range memory-dependent) traffic models and discuss their applications on multicore platform design. Then, we review the analytical techniques to predict NoC performance under given input traffic. We investigate analytical models for average as well as maximum delay evaluation. We also review the developments and design challenges of NoC simulators. One interesting research direction in NoC performance evaluation consists of combining simulation and analytical models in order to exploit their advantages together. Toward this end, we discuss several newly proposed approaches that use hardware-based or learning-based techniques. Finally, we summarize several open problems and our perspective to address these challenges.
Analytical Clustering Score with Application to Postplacement Register Clustering
Authors: Xu Chang , Luo Guojie , Li Peixin , Shi Yiyu , Jiang Iris Hui-Ru
Published: May 2016

Circuit clustering is usually done through discrete optimizations to enable circuit size reduction or design-specific cluster formation. In this article, we are interested in the register-clustering technique for clock-power reduction by leveraging new opportunities introduced by multibit flip-flop (MBFF). Currently, INTEGRA is the only existing postplacement MBFF clustering optimizer with a subquadratic time complexity. However, it severely degrades the wirelength, especially for realistic designs, which may nullify the benefits of MBFF clustering. In contrast, we formulate an analytical clustering score with a nonlinear programming framework, in which the wirelength objective can be seamlessly integrated and the solver has empirical subquadratic time complexity. With the MBFF library, the application of our analytical clustering method achieves comparable clock power to the state-of-the-art techniques, but further reduces the wirelength by about 25%. Even without the MBFF library, we can still achieve 30% clock wirelength reduction. In addition, the proposed method can potentially be integrated into an in-placement MBFF clustering solver and be applied to other problems that require formulating clustering scores in their objective functions.
A Survey of Socially Aware Peer-to-Peer Systems
Authors: Zuo Xiang , Iamnitchi Adriana
Published: May 2016

Peer-to-peer technologies have proven their strength in large-scale resource sharing and data transfer. Such systems, however, still need to address a variety of issues, including efficient routing, security, quality of service, incentives, and reputation. Recent research started leveraging social information to develop new and effective techniques to improve the performance of peer-to-peer systems. However, using social information is a double-edged sword, which can bring benefits as well as new challenges. This survey presents and classifies the types of social information that have been used so far in the design of peer-to-peer systems, how the social fabric has been used to facilitate transactions in the system, and some challenges caused by using social information.
Industrial Case Study of Transition from V-Model into Agile SCRUM in Embedded Software Testing Industries
Authors: Jie Jason Lee Hua
Published: May 2016

As the software features and technology advances, delivering quality embedded software for consumer products become more important and challenging than ever within organizations. This is particularly vital when these products are delivered as part of chips. These chips or better known as system-on-chip (SoC) are embedded as part of today's gadgets. They are used by consumers for their everyday use, namely mobile phones and tablets. In this case study, I will share several significant changes which have taken place in the testing embedded software industries when the transition takes place from V-model methodology to Agile Scrum in the organization. These changes are particularly related to software testing perspectives. Apart from that, I will share the challenges that have been faced and how we have managed them since the organization fully adopted Agile Scrum within the first 18 months. Finally, I will describe the way Agile Scrum has evolved and keys for QA successes in ensuring business wins with our major players of embedded software original equipment manufacturers (OEMs).
UCFrame
Authors: Hu Wei-Chung , Jiau Hewijin Christine
Published: May 2016

To build needed mobile applications in specific domains, requirements should be collected and analyzed in holistic approach. However, resource is limited for small vendor groups to perform holistic requirement acquisition and elicitation. The rise of crowdsourcing and crowdfunding gives small vendor groups new opportunities to build needed mobile applications for the crowd. By finding prior stakeholders and gathering requirements effectively from the crowd, mobile application projects can establish sound foundation in early phase of software process. Therefore, integration of crowd-based requirement engineering into software process is important for small vendor groups. Conventional requirement acquisition and elicitation methods are analyst-centric. Very little discussion is in adapting requirement acquisition tools for crowdcentric context. In this study, several tool features of use case documentation are revised in crowd-centric context. These features constitute a use case-based framework, called UCFrame, for crowd-centric requirement acquisition. An instantiation of UCFrame is also presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of UCFrame in collecting crowd requirements for building two mobile applications.
Agile Safety Analysis
Authors: Stålhane Tor , Myklebust Thor
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we describe a method for performing safety analysis based on user stories in an agile setting. The chosen analysis method is a generic hazards list, combined with FMEA -- both because it is simple and intuitive to use and because it is efficient. In order to handle failure propagation in an efficient and easy-tounderstand way, we have chosen to use the input-Focused FMEA from the HiP-HOPS project.
Challenges and Opportunities in Agile Development in Safety Critical Systems
Authors: Doss O. , Kelly T. P.
Published: May 2016

In this paper we describe the results of a recent practitioner survey designed to elicit the opinions as to the challenges and opportunities posed by the application of agile development methods in the field of safety critical systems development. In particular, the survey explored the relationship between three key activities in safety engineering and an agile approach -- namely, safety requirements development, hazard analysis, and safety case development. The results of this survey are presented together with brief discussion of the implications for integration.
Proceedings on the 1st Workshop on Agile Methods Applied to Development and Certification of Safety-critical Software
Authors: Hanssen Geir K. , Myklebust Thor , Stålhane Tor
Published: May 2016

The first international workshop on
agile methods applied to development and certification of safety-critical software (ASCS)
was organized as part of the XP 2015 conference on May 25th 2015. The workshop gathered 17 experts from industry and academia to share recent industrial experience and research on applications of agile methods in the safety critical software domain. The workshop was organized as a series of talks and discussions to share experience and ideas. The workshop audience also provided guidelines for future research needed to advance the field.
Technical Debt
Authors: Avgeriou Paris , Ernst Neil A. , Nord Robert L. , Kruchten Philippe
Published: May 2016

Increasingly software engineers use the metaphor of technical debt to communicate issues related to the growing cost of change. In this article, we report on the Seventh Workshop on Managing Technical Debt (MTD 2015), held in Bremen, Germany, on October 2, 2015, collocated with the International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME). The 30 workshop participants from industry and academia engaged in lively discussions, which helped clarify issues, refine questions, and promote common understanding about technical debt in software.
1st International Workshop on UML Consistency Rules (WUCOR 2015)
Authors: Torre Damiano , Labiche Yvan , Genero Marcela , Elaasar Maged , Das Tuhin Kanti , Hoisl Bernhard , Kowal Matthias
Published: May 2016

The Unified Modeling Language (UML), with its 14 different diagram types, is the de-facto standard modeling language for object-oriented software modeling and documentation. Since the various UML diagrams describe different views of one, and only one, software system under development, they strongly depend on each other in many ways. In other words, the UML diagrams describing a software system must be consistent. Inconsistencies among these diagrams may be a source of faults during software development and analysis. It is therefore paramount that these inconsistencies be detected, analyzed and -- hopefully -- fixed. The goal of this workshop was to gather input and feedbacks on UML consistency rules from the community. This workshop provided an opportunity for researchers who have been working in the area of UML consistency to interact with each other at a highly interactive venue, improve the body of knowledge on UML consistency rules and discuss ideas for further research in this area. This report summarizes details of the workshop and the results obtained that day.
A Galois Connection for Weighted (Relational) Clones of Infinite Size
Authors: Fulla Peter , Živný Stanislav
Published: May 2016

A Galois connection between clones and relational clones on a fixed finite domain is one of the cornerstones of the so-called algebraic approach to the computational complexity of non-uniform Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs). Cohen et al. established a Galois connection between
finitely-generated
weighted clones and
finitely-generated
weighted relational clones [SICOMP’13], and asked whether this connection holds in general. We answer this question in the affirmative for weighted (relational) clones with
real
weights and show that the complexity of the corresponding valued CSPs is preserved.