bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kontribusi Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai, Kelentukan dan Keseimbangan terhadap Kemampuan Tendangan Depan Atlet Perguruan Silat Tangan Mas
Authors: Andri Zona Rezhi Dwi , Ridwan M , Suwirman Suwirman , Yenes Ronni
Published: December 2021

Masalah penelitian ini adalah diduga kurangnya kemampuan tendangan depan seperti tendangan yang tidak tepat sasaran, jumlah tendangan yang dikeluarkan tidak mencapai target seharusnya pada atlet perguruan Silat Tangan Mas Lubuk Basung.Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah daya ledak otot tungkai (X1), kelentukan (X2), keseimbangan (X3) dan kemampuan tendangan depan(Y). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi daya ledak otot tungkai, kelentukan, keseimbangan dengan kemampuan tendangan depan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 38 orang atlet. Pengambilan sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, dimana yang dijadikan sampel yaitu atlet putra yang berjumlah 22 orang atlet. Instrumen penelitian ini melalui tes standing board jump untuk daya ledak otot tungkai, kelentukan menggunakan tes side split, keseimbangan menggunakan tes modifikasi bass test dan tes kemampuan tendangan depan dilakukan dengan tes kemampuan tendangan depan. Teknik analisa data menggunakan teknik analisis korelasi dan korelasi ganda dolittle dengan taraf signifikan α = 0,05. Hasil analisis menunjukan: 1)Terdapat kontribusi antara daya ledak otot tungkai terhadap kemampuan tendangan depan sebesar 33%. 2)Terdapat kontribusi antara kelentukan terhadap kemampuan tendangan depan sebesar 32%. 3)Terdapat kontribusi antara keseimbangan terhadap kemampuan tendangan depan sebesar 25%. 4)Terdapat kontribusi antara daya ledak otot tungkai, kelentukan dan keseimbangan secara bersama-sama terhadap kemampuan tendangan depan sebesar 63%. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, maka analisa peneliti terhadap penelitian ini adalah terbukti bahwa daya ledak otot tungkai, kelentukan dan keseimbangan secara bersama-sama berkontribusi dengan keterampilan tendangan depan. Dimana daya ledak otot tungkai, kelentukan dan keseimbangan bekerja secara bersama-sama maka keterampilan tendangan depan yang dimiliki juga akan baik, begitu sebaliknya apabila seorang pemain tidak memiliki daya ledak otot tungkai, kelentukan dan keseimbangan yang baik maka keterampilan tendangan depan juga tidak akan baik.
Kontribusi Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai, Koordinasi Mata-Kaki dan Keseimbangan terhadap Akurasi Shooting Sepakbola
Authors: Afrinaldi Dodi , Yenes Ronni , Nurmai Erizal , Rasyid Willadi
Published: December 2021

Masalah  dalam  penelitian  ini  adalah saat atlet mendapatkan peluang melakukan shooting, bola yang ditendang sering melenceng, mudah ditangkap oleh kiper lawan, bola yang ditendang terlalu lambat dan tidak tepat pada sasaran sehingga sulit medapatkan kesempatan mencetak gol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kontribusi daya ledak otot tungkai, koordinasi mata-kaki dan keseimbangan terhadap akurasi shooting atlet sepak bola SSB PSTS Tabing. Jenis penelitian ini adalah korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet sekolah sepak bola SSB PSTS Tabing berdasarkan kelompok umur U6-U9 tahun, U10-U13 tahun, U14-U17 tahun, dan > 18 tahun berjumlah 120 orang. Teknik penarikan sampel adalah purposive sampling dengan sampel pada kelompok U14-U17 tahun sebanyak 30 orang. Pengambilan data menggunakan instrumen standing board jumpt test, tes koordinasi mata-kaki, stork stand test, dan tes menembak bola. Teknik analisis data koefisien korelasi dan uji signifikansi. Hasil penelitian ini daya ledak otot tungkai memberikan kontribusi sebesar 34,465%, koordinasi mata-kaki memberikan kontribusi sebesar 29,919%, keseimbangan memberikan kontribusi sebesar 21,767%, serta daya ledak otot  tungkai, koordinasi mata-kaki dan keseimbangan secara bersama-sama  berkontribusi  sebesar 64,047% terhadap akurasi shooting sepak bola. Jadi dapat disimpulkan daya ledak otot tungkai, koordinasi mata-kaki dan keseimbangan sangat berperan penting pada akurasi shooting  atlet sepakbola SSB PSTS Tabing.
TULSI: A MIRACLE HERB USED IN THE TREATMENT OF MANY ILLNESSES: A REVIEW
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Shakti College of Pharmacy, Dulhinpur, Balrampur, India, MAURYA PRABHA SHANKAR , NAIM MOHD. JAVED ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India, SINGH RAJIB K. ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Shakti College of Pharmacy, Dulhinpur, Balrampur, India, BASHAR JAINUL ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Shakti College of Pharmacy, Dulhinpur, Balrampur, India, SHYAM RADHE ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Shakti College of Pharmacy, Dulhinpur, Balrampur, India
Published: December 2021

Tulsi, the famous "unmatched" plant of India, is one of the most popular and beneficial of the numerous therapeutic and health-promoting herbs. Ayurvedic and Unani systems Medicinal natural products are increasingly being investigated in clinical trials for superior pharmacological responses and lack of side effects compared to symptomatic agents. Ocimum sanctum, often referred to as "Holy Basil" or "Tulsi," is known in the traditional Ayurvedic literature for its use in the treatment of many illnesses. The active ingredients obtained from plants, and their biological function in disease prevention have stimulated people's curiosity. This overview includes the nomenclature of plant vesicles, their components, and their use in the treatment of diseases. KEYWORDS: Illness, Ayurveda, Diseases, Treat, Tulsi, Natural product, Plant
ROLE OF DRUG DISCOVERY IN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS: AN OVERVIEW
Authors:   IIMT College of Medical Sciences, IIMT University, Meerut (U.P.), GUPTA MOHIT , SHEKHAR RAVI ,   Department of Pharmacy, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra (U.P.), SAHU JAGDISH K ,   School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’S NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Shirpur, Distt. – Dhule, Maharashtra
Published: December 2021

Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants are drugs, which produce a response that could be used to alleviate a particular medical condition. These are the agents, which speed up to treat conditions characterized by lack of adrenergic stimulation, including narcolepsy and neonatal apnea. The majority of CNS stimulants is chemically similar to the neurohormone norepinephrine and simulates the traditional "fight or flight" syndrome associated with sympathetic nervous system arousal. A small figure of added members of the CNS stimulant class do not fall into definite chemical groups. The review on central nervous system stimulants gives detail study of CNS stimulant drugs, their mechanism of action and in vivo models of CNS stimulants. The brain is a delicate tissue, and advancement built very effective methods to guard it. Unfortunately, the same mechanisms that protect it against intrusive chemicals can also upset therapeutic interventions. Many current medications are rendered unsuccessful in the treatment of cerebral maladies due to our incapability to efficiently deliver and sustain them within the brain. KEYWORDS: CNS Stimulants, Blood brain barrier (BBB), Drug toxicity, Drug Safety
EFL Learners’ Language-Specific Time Attitudes
Authors: N. Al-Amri Majid
Published: December 2021

The present study investigated the time attitudes (TAs) of EFL learners and their willingness and preference to share their TAs with peers and EFL instructors. Limited research has explored willingness and preference to share their TAs —a distinct and meaningful part of their temporal perspective that encompasses their positive and negative feelings about the past, present, and future experiences of English language learning. Participants were 229 students of technical and administrative diploma programmes at a Saudi industrial college in the western region of the country. Data were collected through questionnaires. Findings indicated that (1) students’ responses differed mostly on feelings about the past; (2) participants are more willing to share their feelings with peers than with instructors; (3) students are more willing to share with both peers and instructors their combined past, present, and future experiences; (4) students prefer to share their feelings about their present experiences with peers and instructors compared to their past or future experiences; (5) students prefer to share with peers both negative and positive feelings about their past, present, and future experiences; and (6) students prefer to share only negative feelings with instructors.
The Voice of Learners on English Literary Texts: Passing on the Mantle
Authors: Abdul Samat Norhanim , Syahirah Azmi Nur Alwani , Abdullah Tina
Published: December 2021

This study examines how pre-service teachers assess the appropriateness of literary texts used by high school students in terms of learners’ age, linguistic needs, and language proficiency. It also aims to determine the relevance of the texts used to learners’ cultural understanding. The participants in this study were five pre-service teachers who participated in a content analysis study of five literary texts. They analyzed the content of the texts using the four categories of textbook evaluation criteria proposed by Tomlinson (2001), namely, media-specific criteria, content-specific criteria, learner-specific criteria, and language criteria. The evaluation results were positive. All participants agreed that all five texts were appropriate for high school learners, with average levels of compliance ranging from moderate to appropriate. In addition to selecting texts that are appropriate for the learners’ language level, the topics and issues addressed in the texts should also be appropriate for the learners’ interest, so the selection of literary texts is crucial. Finally, more local texts should be selected for the English literature curriculum to highlight local cultures and practices. It is expected that this study will contribute to English language teaching as the findings of this study will provide necessary information to those who are concerned with the selection of appropriate literary texts for schools. In addition, this study will raise awareness among teachers and curriculum designers of the need to consider learners’ level of competence when evaluating and selecting from the many literary texts available.
Exploring Students’ Perceptions and Attitudes towards Genre-based Pedagogy Developed in Persuasive Writing Teaching: The Systemic Functional Linguistics Perspective
Authors: CHEN FENG
Published: December 2021

Previous studies in genre-based pedagogy mainly concerned with its teaching effects, few studies involved with students’ perceptions and attitudes which is actually playing a role in teaching and learning activities. The present study intends to make some explorations in this aspect. A quasi-experimental study to designed to answer the research question “What are students’ perceptions and attitudes towards the genre-based pedagogy developed in Chinese university students’ persuasive writings?” Thirty-four students participated in the study and a four-point Likert scale questionnaire and an interview were applied to collect the data. After the quantitative and qualitative analysis, the study find that most participants hold positive attitudes towards every item of the questionnaire and think highly of the genre-based teaching pedagogy from the following six aspects: the mastery of textual features, the genre-awareness of persuasion, confidence in writing an effective persuasion, attitudes towards group writing in the teaching instruction, interests in the application of the curriculum cycle to other genres and other program instruction related comments such as being difficult to master certain required language features and following the teaching patterns involved in the textual construction of persuasion. However, the general indication is that the curriculum cycle can help and enhance students’ understandings of each of the textual features of persuasion. Finally, the study provides implications for future teaching: the genre-based approach could be effectively and widely applied in Chinese university students’ genre writing as the apprenticeship involved allows the students to be more creative as their writing skills develop.
Egyptian Educators’ Online Teaching Challenges and Coping Strategies during COVID-19
Authors: Hafez Ola , Salah El-Din Yasmine
Published: December 2021

The present descriptive study investigated the challenges experienced and the coping strategies used by Egyptian university educators from different institution types while teaching online during the pandemic. The cross-sectional study drew participants (N = 222) from three different academic institution types, private universities, public universities, and adult education institutions, who responded to a survey that examined the technical, professional, administrative, social, and psychological challenges teachers encountered as well as their coping strategies. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results indicated that the challenges and coping strategies reported by teachers varied according to the teaching context and the requirements of each academic institution. The most reported challenges experienced were exhaustion, internet problems, technical issues, and anxiety. Despite the challenges, participants reported a few positive effects, including feeling more productive, being motivated to learn something new, feeling appreciated by the students and administration, and feeling confident using online teaching tools. Results also revealed that the participants used social and professional strategies to cope with the circumstances accompanying the sudden shift to online teaching. The results indicated how challenges faced by educators from different institution types may diminish with more training on, and experience with, online teaching, forming communities of practice as well as other coping strategies they developed. Such findings should be helpful to educators, institutions, and policymakers in different academic institutions all over the world and in various teaching contexts.
The strong normal system of some compact right topological groups
Authors:   Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer, Department of Pure Mathematics, Kerman, Iran, Bahramian Zohreh , Jabbari Ali ,   Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer, Department of Pure Mathematics, Kerman, Iran
Published: December 2021

The aim of the present paper is to characterize the strong normal system of the Ellis groups of a well-known family of dynamical systems on the finite and infinite dimensional tori.
Designing and Testing a Mini Robot for Tracking a Welding Technological Path
Authors: Timofte Stelică , Cîndea Lenuța
Published: December 2021

In the welding processes of large dimension subassemblies, an advanced mechanism is necessary in order the welding stitch not be interrupted during the change of the operator’s position. A tracking model has been designed and tested, for a simple welding path using a mini robot, which can be controlled via mobile phone.
Diplomacia financiera e intermediación en la renegociación de la deuda externa mexicana, 1836-1842
Authors: Martínez Carmona Gabriel
Published: December 2021

El objetivo del artículo consiste en analizar un episodio de diplomacia financiera: las negociaciones establecidas para la reprogramación de la deuda externa de México entre 1836 y 1842. En éstas, el gobierno mexicano se valió de un agente financiero, la casa comercial F. de Lizardi y compañía, cuya familia era de origen mexicano. El proyecto propuesto a los tenedores de bonos implicaba la creación de un fondo consolidado que unificara los dos préstamos originarios e intercambiara los viejos bonos por nuevos, la mitad de los cuales no generaría intereses y podría intercambiarse por terrenos en el norte de México. La estrategia consistía en reducir la totalidad de intereses a la mitad, colonizar el norte del país y así generar un bloqueo a los intereses expansionistas de Estados Unidos, particularmente en Texas. A su vez, se busca analizar el papel del agente financiero como un intermediario entre intereses, siguiendo la propuesta de Gould y Fernández. Lo que sostengo es que el intermediario financiero actuó más como un “enlace” que como un “representante”, razón por la que los intereses mexicanos se vieron afectados en el resultado final de las negociaciones. Para lograr el objetivo, se hace uso de una extensa correspondencia entre el agente financiero, los distintos representantes mexicanos en Londres, los tenedores de bonos y los ministros de Hacienda y Relaciones del gobierno mexicano, resguardada en el Archivo de Relaciones Exteriores de México, así como hemerografía de la época.
Dinámicas de la propiedad en Chiapas: los condueñazgos de Comitán, 1885-1939
Authors: Méndez Zárate Armando
Published: December 2021

Los derechos de propiedad y las formas de tenencia de la tierra durante los siglos XIX y XX en Chiapas, se han abierto campo en la historiografía local para resaltar las particularidades de las propiedades agrarias comunales y privadas. En este contexto, el trabajo contribuye a la discusión de las dinámicas de la propiedad privada en Chiapas por medio de los condueñazgos de Comitán. El objetivo del trabajo consiste en analizar una forma mancomún de propiedad privada, pero alejada de la idea de comunidad que se ha visto para otros lugares, indagando ¿qué son y cómo operaban los condueñazgos en Chiapas durante el siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX? y ¿cuáles fueron sus características? Estas cuestiones me permitirán delinear un aspecto de la historia agraria chiapaneca enfocada en la propiedad privada, especialmente aquellas correspondientes al territorio de frontera entre el entonces departamento político de Comitán y el noroccidente de Guatemala, el cual mantuvo un estado de indefinición de la línea fronteriza durante la mayor parte del siglo XIX.
Международный контроль при охране окружающей среды
Authors: Валеев P. M.
Published: December 2021

.
Правовые формы партнерства Европейского Союза в сфере коммуникаций и информационных услуг
Authors: Борисов К. Г.
Published: December 2021

.
Серьезные нарушения международного гуманитарного права и имплементация борьбы с ними в уголовном законодательстве Республики Беларусь
Authors: Калугин В. Ю.
Published: December 2021

.
Актуальные уголовно-правовые проблемы
Authors: Трунцевский Ю. В. , Упоров И. В.
Published: December 2021

.
Миротворчество: некоторые концептуальные аспекты политического урегулирования конфликтов и кризисных ситуаций
Authors: Ясносокирский Ю. А.
Published: December 2021

.
Справедливая война и агрессивная война
Authors: Бюньон Ф.
Published: December 2021

.
К вопросу о реституции культурных ценностей
Authors: Молчанов С. Н.
Published: December 2021

.
Соотечественники: правовой аспект проблемы
Authors: Старушенко Г. Б.
Published: December 2021

.
Поговорим о новой отрасли
Authors: Каюмова А. Р.
Published: December 2021

.
Международно-правовое наследие в западной части Тихого океана. С чем мы подходим к XXI веку?
Authors: Михайлов В. С.
Published: December 2021

.
"Четверка" в рамках СНГ: задачи и перспективы
Authors: Моисеев Е. Г.
Published: December 2021

.
Международное гуманитарное право и вооруженные силы России
Authors: Котляров И. И.
Published: December 2021

.
Правовое регулирование защиты детей во время вооруженных конфликтов
Authors: Алешин В. В.
Published: December 2021

.
Реализация гражданами своих прав на осуществление власти (сравнение положения в субъектах РФ и штатов США)
Authors: Лукшин А. В.
Published: December 2021

.
Защита прав человека и окружающая среда
Authors: Галяметдинова А. Ю.
Published: December 2021

.
Что дала "перестройка" детям России
Authors: Колосов Ю. М.
Published: December 2021

.
Конвенция против пыток
Authors: Яковлев А. М.
Published: December 2021

.
Дополнительный протокол о немеждународном вооруженном конфликте 1997 г. и проблемы беженцев
Authors: Блищенко И. П.
Published: December 2021

.
Border Thinking: Latinx Youth Decolonizing Citizenship
Authors: Ramos Monica
Published: December 2021

N/A
Acute Toxicity of Cigarette from Vietnam on in vivo Model Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae
Authors: Kien Trung Kieu , Trang Nguyen Thi Huyen , Hien Vu Thi , Thanh Nguyen Lai
Published: December 2021

Smoking is widely known to has a major contributor to public health issues both in worldwide and Vietnam. At the same time, Vietnam have a large number of smokers and the market is filled with diverse brand of tobacco products. In this study, we sampled 6 types of cigarette: ThangLong, Vina, Craven, Demi, Maxx and Bastos from local stores and conducted toxicological test on zebrafish larvae. Our results show that there are varied in toxicological properties of total particle matter collected from different cigarette brands in lethal and morphology effects on zebrafish embryos. LC50 of 6 brands after 96 hours of exposure were: ThangLong = 48.7 mg/L, Vina = 45.96 mg/L, Craven = 80.52 mg/L, Demi = 30.91 mg/L, Maxx = 83.54 mg/L and Bastos = 74.92 mg/L. They are lower than 100 mg/L, which put them under Category 2 and 3 in the GHS classification criteria for acute toxicity.
Opting for Local Region in SHOX2 Promoter as a DNA Methylation Biomarker for Lung Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Duong Pham Anh Thuy , Trang Nguyen Thu , Ngan Nguyen Thuy , Lan Vo Thi Thuong
Published: December 2021

Epigenetic alterations play a main role in the initiation and progression of lung cancer.  CpG methylation in the promoter of the Short Stature Homeobox 2 (SHOX2) gene has been evaluated and validated at different stages of this malignant disease. Several approaches for measuring DNA methylation have been established, including quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP). This is a simple, fast, and cost-effective technique that can be easily applied to clinical practice. In this study, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples were collected from 30 lung cancer patients and 30 patients suffering from non-cancerous pulmonary diseases.  The methylation level of SHOX2 was evaluated in two CpG-riched regions by using qMSP and one of them could be conferred as a potential biomarker to lung cancer.
Solid Fermentation of Bacillus thuringiensis: Method Development
Authors: Thao Nguyen Kim Nu , Linh Do Thuy , Mai Dinh Thi Ngoc , Hai Pham The , Minh Nguyen Hong
Published: December 2021

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a significant bioinsecticidal agent that has been solely produced by liquid fermentation. With the increasing demand of bioinsecticides for organic agriculture, solid fermentation is preferred to enable low-cost and large-scale production of Bt. Therefore, in this study, we attempted to develop a solid state fermentation method to produce Bt by testing different solid substrates and also the effects of water percentage, fermentation time, temperature and seeding rate on the productions of biomass and parasporal crystal bodies (crystal proteins) of the Bt strain PAM33. Corn bran, rice bran and soybean meal are suitable to be utilized as substrates for biomass production. However, crystal proteins are only observed in solid fermentation using soybean meal as the substrate after 6 days of culture. The temperature range of 25-30°C and 10% seeding rate are the most suitable conditions for solid fermentation of strain PAM33 to obtain the bacterial density of approximate 109 CFU/g and the highest quantity of crystal proteins. This study shows that solid fermentation of Bt is feasible and effective to obtain bacterial biomass and crytal proteins by using cheap and available agricultural wastes. Thus, it can be a potential approach to produce the important Bt-based insecticide products for use in organic agriculture.
Meningkatkan Profit Umkm Dengan Menerapkan Penjualan Melalui Digital Marketing Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Septiowati Rini , Sari Silvia , Purwatiningsih Purwatiningsih , Dyatmiko Ruruh , Widayat Widayat
Published: December 2021

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat yang berjudul Meningkatkan profit UMKMdengan menerapkan penjualan melalui digital marketing di masa pandemic covid-19 ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengenalan tentang digital marketing, mengajak serta menanamkan kesadaran kepada para pelaku UMKM bahwa sangat penting mengembangkan pemasaran melalui digital marketing untuk bisa meningkatkan penghasilan dan bertahan di masa pandemi covid. Target dari pengabdian ini adalah UMKM di Dusun Cisadap, Ciamis Jawa Barat. Hasil dari PKM ini terbukti para pelaku UMKM dapat mengusai cara penjualan melalui e-commerce dan digital marketing agar tetap bisa bertahan di masa pandemic covid-19.Keywords: digital marketing, e-commerce, penghasilan, UMKMAbstract: Community Service entitled UMKM Development by implementing sales through digital marketing during the Covid-19 pandemic aims to provide an introduction to digital marketing, invite and instill awareness to UMKM players that it is very important to develop marketing through digital marketing to increase income and survive. during the covid pandemic. The target of this service is UMKM in Cisadap Hamlet, Ciamis - West Java. The results of this PKM are proven that UMKM players can master the way of selling through e-commerce and digital marketing so that they can survive during the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: digital marketing, e-commerce income, UMKM
The dialectics of invisibilization in Syrian female refugees in Turkey
Authors: Yamaner Onur , Herzog Benno
Published: December 2021

This article deals with how Syrian female refugees are intersectionally invisibilized in Turkey as refugees and as women. The main aim of this study is to understand the dialectics of (in)visibilization of Syrian female refugees. Therefore, using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), we analysed discourses in social media as well as popular discourses by Turkish and Syrian women in Ankara. We concentrate on the relation between the discourses produced in the host society and the particular way of how Syrian female refugees are portrayed and invisibilized. We wanted to know how powerful these discourses are in the host society when it comes to the (in)visibilization of Syrian women and their bodies. Furthermore, we wanted to understand the intersectionality of discrimination and invisibilization of Syrian female refugees. This study shows how discriminatory discourses are internalized and circulate also among women. Moreover, we show how different forms of invisibilization are usually related to marginalization, but in some cases can even be used as a means to escape discrimination.
(Auto)Representações sociodiscursivas de imigrantes e refugiados no contexto das “migrações Sul-Sul”
Authors: Faria Bárbara Mano de
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho se volta para o estudo das representações sociodiscursivas de imigrantes e refugiados que se deslocam para o Brasil no contexto das chamadas “migrações Sul-Sul”. Tendo como objetivo analisar as representações sociodiscursivas que emergem da instância midiática e compará-las aos modos como imigrantes e refugiados se representam em suas próprias narrativas de vida, partimos da identificação dos estatutos legais que representam esses sujeitos nos dispositivos que regulamentam as migrações em âmbito nacional e internacional. Em seguida, recorremos à Análise do Discurso de orientação francesa (ADF) e a teorias que com ela dialogam para (re)elaborar as noções de representações sociais e de imaginários sociodiscursivos, direcionando-as para uma reflexão sobre os discursos das mídias, bem como sobre o gênero “narrativa de vida”. Com base em um “dispositivo individualizado de análise”, analisamos discursivamente os textos do corpus, composto por notícias da imprensa de referência mineira e por narrativas de vida elaboradas a partir de entrevistas concedidas por imigrantes e refugiados residentes na região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Assim, pudemos comprovar nossas hipóteses iniciais, especialmente a de que há uma desigualdade de espaços de fala destinados à discussão das migrações contemporâneas e a de que imigrantes e refugiados não se sentem, na maioria das vezes, representados nos/pelos discursos institucionais/midiáticos, o que aponta para a necessidade de a sociedade de acolhimento restituir-lhes, como um direito, seu lugar de fala e de representatividade
Historiografia da Linguística
Authors: Kaltner Leonardo Ferreira , Batista Ronaldo de Oliveira , Fernandes Gonçalo
Published: December 2021

Apresentação do dossiê Historiografia da Linguística
The Bu Qi Gui Inscription and Genesis of the Qin State
Authors: Tseluyko Maxim S.
Published: December 2021

The aim of this paper is to define the institutional difference between the aristocratic lineage ruling the service fief of the Western Zhou era and the royal dynasty, reigning over the independent state of the Eastern Zhou era. Different approaches to the genesis of the Qin State are discussed in this paper: the archaeological approach and the “Zhou fiefdom” approach. The first one lacks data directly describing the political process. The problem of the second one is its being based practically on one written source that postdates the events described by 500 years. Therefore, to escape the failures of these methods, the author developed a specific approach that would both deal with political and institutional data on the one side while using data from different sources contemporary to the events in question. Data explicated from Bu Qi gui, Qin gong zhong and Guo ji zi Bai pan – three inscriptions on the bronze vessels dating between IX and VII centuries BC was scrutinized and compared. Two of them were cast by Qin rulers and the third describes the events leading to the creation of the Qin domain. Comparing information of these sources with the data from Sima Qian’s Shi ji allows to determine the precise moment of the Qin domain being transformed into the Qin State and show the institutional innovations that went along with this process. The interior political change of this time is described (i.e. the political crisis of royal inheritance) as well as the exterior change in Qin’s place inside the hierarchy of Zhou domains, particularly the changing relations between the Qin State and the domain of Xiao Guo. This clarified the place that the process of territorial expansion had in this transformation. As a hypothesis, the author built a model presenting the properties distinguishing a service fief and an independent state.
Aging and Productivity in Latin America
Authors: Amarante Verónica , Colacce Maira , Manzi Pilar
Published: December 2021

This article considers how changes in Latin American countries’ age structures may affect their long-term economic performance through the impact on labor supply, dependency ratios, and productivity. It analyzes fourteen Latin American countries using population projections for 2015–2050 and considering three scenarios. The basic scenario assumes constant sex- and age-specific behavior concerning employment, while the other two scenarios imply increases in female activity rates and significant human capital accumulation. The results illustrate the heterogeneity of Latin American countries. In some of them, major productivity increases can only be achieved through substantial changes in the incorporation of women into the labor market, and especially in the educational level of the population as a whole. However, in most of the region’s countries, the demographic factor is still favorable and there is scope to exploit the demographic dividend.
The Legacy of Civil War Dynamics: State Building in Mexico, 1810–1910
Authors: Arias Luz Marina , De la Calle Luis
Published: December 2021

This article studies the legacy of local dynamics of the War of Independence in local state building in Mexico. The analysis shows that municipalities where local militias were organized have a higher number of public servants and a larger budget per capita in the early 1900s than municipalities with an insurgent legacy, relative to those with no conflict. The results hold when restricting the sample to neighbors and controlling for geographic and economic factors. Historical evidence supports existing theories of intra-elite conflict while highlighting the role of local fiscal councils in municipalities with a legacy of local militias. Decentralization during and after the war strengthened local elites, while the negotiated war termination added a political-elite layer of insurgent leaders, born in conflict with colonial-era economic elites. These findings suggest that the local dynamics of civil warfare can have long-lasting effects on state building, boosting local state capacity in some regions and not in others.
On the track of bruxism: quantitative, qualitative and intraindividual analyses of the BruxChecker in daily clinical routine
Authors:   Steinbeis Transfer Institute Biomedical Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Steinbeis University Berlin, DE-12489 Berlin, Germany, Slavicek Gregor ,   Orehab Minds GmbH, DE-70567 Stuttgart, Germany, Grimmer David ,   Steinbeis Transfer Institute Biomedical Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Steinbeis University Berlin, DE-12489 Berlin, Germany,   Zahntechnik Baltz GbR, DE-73728 Esslingen am Neckar, Germany, Novitskaya Anastasia ,   Steinbeis Transfer Institute Biomedical Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Steinbeis University Berlin, DE-12489 Berlin, Germany,   Dental Clinic Smiletime, RU-14106 Podolsk, Podolsky District, Russia, Slavicek Florian ,   Steinbeis Transfer Institute Biomedical Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Steinbeis University Berlin, DE-12489 Berlin, Germany,   Orehab Minds GmbH, DE-70567 Stuttgart, Germany
Published: December 2021

Introduction Bruxism is a relevant topic in daily dental routine. Bruxism has to be confirmed by instrumental procedures. The BruxChecker (BC) is an inexpensive instrument that does not affect the stomatognathic system while used and is suitable for routine use in diagnostics and follow-ups. A novel digital approach for analyzing BC is described, based on first standard values. Material and Method Within this pilot study, 30 participants (15 males, 15 females) used an upper BC for one night and a lower BC during another night. A standardized digitalization process and a unique software application measured all Tooth Contact Areas (TCAs) on the BC: number and size of each TCAs for each occlusal segment. Results The mean number of TCAs on upper BC is 28.17 (sd +/-7.84), for lower BC 27.70 (sd +/-7.41). The mean size (mm2) of TCAs on upper BC is 71.81 (sd +/-51.27), for lower BC 68.11 (sd +/-42.64). There are only minor, not significant, gender differences regarding the number and size of TCAs. The transversal right-left TCAs distribution is almost symmetrical; a slightly increased difference can be observed for the size of TCAs right and left. The sagittal distribution of the TCAs shows the dominance of the posterior contacts, while the intermediate segments are least involved. Conclusion Within the limits of this pilot study and based on the digital analyses of TCAs on BC, the paper presents first standard values and a two-step systematic individual BC analysis.
Contribution of piezocision in oral surgery: the example of the acceleration of orthodontic movements
Authors:   Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, CHU Liege, Belgium, Thonnart Francois , Systermans Simon ,   Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, ZOL Genk, Belgium, Gilon Yves ,   Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, ZOL Genk, Belgium
Published: December 2021

Introduction Patients are more demanding of short or less invasive interventions. Piezocision responds well to this demand, particularly in the case of piezo-guided corticotomy to accelerate orthodontic movements. Different surgical approaches are described to shorten orthodontic procedures. Corticotomy is a surgical process where osteotomies are realized at the level of the cortical part of the bone. Objective The aim of this work is to review the contribution of piezocision in oral surgery, using as example a review over the current results of piezocision on the acceleration of orthodontic movements. Data sources The articles referenced and used in this article come from the PubMed database. The searched keywords were "piezocision" alone or in combination with "orthodontics". Study selection This search resulted in 44 available articles. Subsequently, 6 randomized controlled trials were selected based on relevance, journal, and publication date. Four Randomized Controlled Trials and two Controlled Clinical Trials were studied. Data extraction The reviewer assessed each article for their relevance and methodology. The 6 studies compared the time savings between conventional orthodontic treatment (control group) and orthodontic treatment combined with piezocision surgery (test group). Data synthesis Piezocision corticotomy reduces the operation and the postoperative period and increases the acceptance of corticotomies and their indications.
Sport and well-being: Frequency of physical activity and life satisfaction
Authors: Hermawansyah Ade , Sumaryanto  , Ariestika Elsa , Hita I Putu Agus Dharma
Published: December 2021

Living a better and happy life (well-being) is a key point for people’s daily life. Well-being integrates both of physical and psychological health namely feelings, emotions, and life satisfaction. This means that good life is when people are physically fit and they are satisfied with their life. There have been few studies investigating the relationship between physical activity and life satisfaction in Indonesia. Therefore, this quantitative study is aimed to examine the association between sport and well-being, especially the frequency of physical activity and life satisfaction. The data used are from the fifth wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2014, with 31,669 participants from 15,160 households and 297 districts in Indonesia. Linear regression is used for data analysis, adjusting for control variables. The results show that the more frequent people exercise, the more they are satisfied with their lives, even after controlling for a set of confounding variables. Different measures need to be taken to increase physical activity as parts of people’s daily life in order to protect their health and enjoy a better life.
SYSTEM OF MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS OF A TRADE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Lutsk National Technical University, Lorvi Iryna , Morokhova Valentina ,   Lutsk National Technical University, Boyko Olga ,   Lutsk National Technical University
Published: December 2021

The article explores approaches to understanding marketing communications and describes marketing communication tools. Marketing communications should be considered in two aspects: traditional marketing (a set of tools that affect the end consumer in the process of making a purchase decision and motivate him to action) and relationship marketing (focusing on the process of establishing long-term partnerships between all participants in marketing). As a result of a detailed analysis of approaches to defining the essence of marketing communications, marketing communications is the formation and maintenance of partnerships between the company (manufacturer) and target groups of consumers (individual consumers, suppliers, intermediaries) through traditional and interactive channels of information about the company and its products. (services). The channels of distribution of advertising messages by trade enterprises are characterized and the classification of ATL, BTL and TTL communication tools is investigated. The dynamics of the media market of Ukraine for 2017-2020 is studied and the growth of the role of Internet advertising is determined. On the basis of the conducted researches recommendations on increase of efficiency of system of marketing communications of the trading enterprises are offered.
“CHILDREN'S TOURIST PRODUCT” AS A SPECIFIC DIRECTION OF TOURIST SERVICES AND ITS DIFFERENTIATION
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Pokolodna Mariia , Starchenko Vladyslava ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: December 2021

The main trend of the market of tourist services in Ukraine is the decline of outbound tourist flows, while the growth of domestic tourism, especially some of its types applies to children's tourism, which determines the relevance of its study in terms of commercial activities for tourism enterprises. The author's vision of the definition of "children's tourism" is presented in the article and a number of features of various character and high degree of influence which need to be considered at formation and realization of services of children's tourism are allocated and described. Namely: supply and demand; responsibility; requirements for the head of the children's tourist group; group nature of service; taking into account the state of health of the child; preliminary explanatory and informational work with parents and consumers of services; rather low profitability; organization of transport services; organization of a full threecourse quality food; development of animation programs for recreation; the complex nature of the services provided, which can be presented in the form of a tourist product of children's tourism. The article presents the author's definition of this concept - a set of certain quantity and quality of services and goods needed to meet the needs of children while in a tourist region, based on the use of local tourist resources and offered for sale at a single price. The varieties of offers of a children's tourist product on the market are resulted and briefly described: type; excursion; tourist trip; tourist take-off; expedition; stay in children's health camps; tourist goods. To achieve commercial success, tourism enterprises are offered to use the strategy of differentiation of tourism products in the market of children's tourism.
LOCAL TAXES AS A SOURCE OF LOCAL BUDGET REVENUES
Authors:   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Vinnytska Oksana , Korniienko Tetiana ,   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Chvertko Liudmyla ,   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2021

The article investigates the role and importance of local taxes in the revenues of local budgets, investigates the problematic aspects and contradictions of local taxation, it is determined that local taxes and fees should exist in such an amount that they fully provide local authorities with the funds necessary for their own needs. The dynamics of receipts of local taxes and fees is considered, it is investigated that the increase in the share of local taxes and fees in the structure of local budget revenues was due to a single tax. It is analyzed that in the world practice of developed countries the share of local taxes and fees in local budgets varies from country to country (from 30%), however, compared to Ukraine, the share in these countries is quite high. In addition, each country is characterized by a different number of local taxes and fees and the ability of local authorities to impose additional local taxes and fees. Prospects for the development of local taxes and fees in Ukraine and promising directions for increasing their fiscal significance have been substantiated. It is argued that the existing system of local taxes and fees in Ukraine, as well as the country's tax system as a whole, needs to be improved, since it should, on the one hand, provide a sufficient amount of its own revenues for local budgets, and on the other hand, be an instrument of local social economic policy aimed at fulfilling the tasks of balancing the economy and developing regions.
STATUS AND CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR IN THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF UKRAINE
Authors:   О. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Mamonov Kostiantyn , Velychko Volodymyr ,   О. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Troian Vladyslava ,   О. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: December 2021

Modern tendencies of development of construction enterprises are considered. The main directions are investigated scientific developments in the development of the country's construction industry. Data on number of enterprises and entrepreneurs, their changes in recent years. It is proved that in modern conditions the functioning of the construction industry is characterized by ambiguous processes, which are determined by slowing down the development of construction companies, reducing their logistical and production potential, slowing down the growth of key performance indicators. It is determined that the issue of determining the state and current trends in the development of the construction sector, taking into account the transformation processes taking place in the economy of Ukraine. The tendencies of development of the basic indicators of functioning of construction sphere are established. In particular, the wave-like nature of changes in the index of construction products in 2011 - 2020 was determined, the dynamics of the volume of construction products by its types in 2014 - 2020 indicates their growth almost 4 times. Thus, the presented processes occur both in inhabited, and the non-residential sector. In the field of construction of civil engineering works there is also an increase in production by 4.6 times. The study identified ambiguous trends in the construction industry, which are characterized by a wavy trend where periods of growth in construction output change to periods of decline. Over the past two years, the construction industry has shown an increase in production and delivery of the total area of residential and non-residential buildings. However, the construction sector does not show stable development trends. In such conditions the development and realization of modern methods and models of management of the presented sphere, formation of a quantitative basis of development of strategic directions of development of construction sphere has special value.
APPLICATION OF HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGIES TO ENSURE EUROPEAN STANDARDS IN THE OPERATION OF MOTOR TRANSPORT
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kozyk Vasyl , Mrykhina Oleksandra ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Danylovych Taras ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Stetsiv Iryna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Havryliak Anatolii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Melnyk Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

It has been established that emissions and wastes from the operation of motor transport are one of the most common sources of air pollution and ecological imbalance. Despite the significant number of documents on the greening of motor transport in Europe and the world, the need to reduce the negative impact of cars remains open. A possible solution to this problem is the use of hydrogen as a fuel and as a cleaner for internal combustion engines. The expediency and efficiency of the application of hydrogen technologies to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, soot and other compounds by internal combustion engines of road transport are substantiated. The possibility of application of hydrogen technologies for domestic motor transport to ensure European standards of its operation is determined. The experience of developing an innovative system of hydrogen purification of internal combustion engines with a long period of operation, proposed by the specialists of the Science Park of the Lviv Polytechnic National University "SID Sity" (Lviv) is analyzed. The proposed development provides improved technical parameters and is cheaper to operate compared to foreign counterparts. The proposed hydrogen purification system can meet European standards of environmental requirements.