bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of pyroptosis-related subtypes and comprehensive analysis of characteristics of the tumor microenvironment infiltration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zeng Jiayi , Zhu Ping , Tang Yanlin , Zhang Changzheng , Ye Chujin , Cheng Shouyu , Tian Kaiwen , Yang Bowen , Zeng Weinan , Liu Yanjun , Xian Zhiyong , Yu Yuming
Published: September 2023

Pyroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death triggered by the inflammasome. Growing evidence has revealed the crucial utility of pyroptosis in tumors. However, the potential mechanism of pyroptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is still unclear. In this research, we systematically analyze the genetic and transcriptional alterations of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in ccRCC, identify pyroptosis-related subtypes, analyze the clinical and microenvironmental differences among different subtypes, develop a corresponding prognostic model to predict the prognosis of patients, and interpret the effect of pyroptosis on ccRCC microenvironment. This study provides a new perspective for a comprehensive understanding of the role of pyroptosis in ccRCC and its impact on the immune microenvironment, and a reliable scoring system was established to predict patients’ prognosis.
Computerized text and voice analysis of patients with chronic schizophrenia in art therapy
Authors: Sprotte Yvonne
Published: September 2023

This explorative study of patients with chronic schizophrenia aimed to clarify whether group art therapy followed by a therapist-guided picture review could influence patients’ communication behaviour. Data on voice and speech characteristics were obtained via objective technological instruments, and these characteristics were selected as indicators of communication behaviour. Seven patients were recruited to participate in weekly group art therapy over a period of 6 months. Three days after each group meeting, they talked about their last picture during a standardized interview that was digitally recorded. The audio recordings were evaluated using validated computer-assisted procedures, the transcribed texts were evaluated using the German version of the LIWC2015 program, and the voice recordings were evaluated using the audio analysis software VocEmoApI. The dual methodological approach was intended to form an internal control of the study results. An exploratory factor analysis of the complete sets of output parameters was carried out with the expectation of obtaining typical speech and voice characteristics that map barriers to communication in patients with schizophrenia. The parameters of both methods were thus processed into five factors each, i.e., into a quantitative digitized classification of the texts and voices. The factor scores were subjected to a linear regression analysis to capture possible process-related changes. Most patients continued to participate in the study. This resulted in high-quality datasets for statistical analysis. To answer the study question, two results were summarized: First, text analysis factor called Presence proved to be a potential surrogate parameter for positive language development. Second, quantitative changes in vocal emotional factors were detected, demonstrating differentiated activation patterns of emotions. These results can be interpreted as an expression of a cathartic healing process. The methods presented in this study make a potentially significant contribution to quantitative research into the effectiveness and mode of action of art therapy.
Construction of IgG–Fab2 bispecific antibody via intein-mediated protein trans-splicing reaction
Authors: Yamada Risa , Nakahara Ishin , Kumagai Izumi , Asano Ryutaro , Nakanishi Takeshi , Makabe Koki
Published: September 2023

A bispecific antibody (bsAb) is a class of engineered antibody molecules that simultaneously binds to two different antigens by having two kinds of antigen-binding domains. One of the major obstacles for the bsAb production is the incorrect chain-pairing problem, wherein each heavy and light chain should form pairings with the correct counterpart’s chains, but the structural similarity of the incorrect partners also forms the incorrect pairings. This study aimed to demonstrate a bsAb construction method using intein-mediated protein trans-splicing to create IgG–Fab2–type bsAbs, which is a modified antibody with a structure in which two additional Fabs are linked to the N-terminus of the heavy chain of an IgG molecule. The chain-paring problem between a heavy chain and a light chain is circumvented by separate expression and purification of the IgG part and the Fab part. We found that the deletion of a possible glycosylation residue improved the reaction yield and side-reaction cleavage in the protein ligation step. The resulting bsAb, IgG–Fab2 (Her2/CD3), demonstrated target binding activity and cytotoxicity mediated by activated T cells. These results indicate that the use of the protein ligation to produce the IgG–Fab2 type bsAb will expand the bsAb production method.
Cecal microbiota composition differs under normal and high ambient temperatures in genetically distinct chicken lines
Authors: Campos Philip M. , Schreier Lori L. , Proszkowiec-Weglarz Monika , Dridi Sami
Published: September 2023

Modern broilers, selected for high growth rate, are more susceptible to heat stress (HS) as compared to their ancestral jungle fowl (JF). HS affects epithelia barrier integrity, which is associated with gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of HS on the cecal luminal (CeL) and cecal mucosal (CeM) microbiota in JF and three broiler populations: Athens Canadian Random Bred (ACRB), 1995 Random Bred (L1995), and Modern Random Bred (L2015). Broiler chicks were subjected to thermoneutral TN (24 °C) or chronic cyclic HS (8 h/day, 36 °C) condition from day 29 until day 56. HS affected richness in CeL microbiota in a line-dependent manner, decreasing richness in slow-growing JF and ACRB lines, while increasing richness in faster-growing L1995 and L2015. Microbiota were distinct between HS and TN conditions in CeL microbiota of all four lines and in CeM microbiota of L2015. Certain bacterial genera were also affected in a line-dependent manner, with HS tending to increase relative abundance in CeL microbiota of slow-growing lines, while decreases were common in fast-growing lines. Predictive functional analysis suggested a greater impact of HS on metabolic pathways in L2015 compared to other lines.
Towards smart glasses for facial expression recognition using OMG and machine learning
Authors: Kiprijanovska Ivana , Stankoski Simon , Broulidakis M. John , Archer James , Fatoorechi Mohsen , Gjoreski Martin , Nduka Charles , Gjoreski Hristijan
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the use of novel optomyography (OMG) based smart glasses, OCOsense, for the monitoring and recognition of facial expressions. Experiments were conducted on data gathered from 27 young adult participants, who performed facial expressions varying in intensity, duration, and head movement. The facial expressions included smiling, frowning, raising the eyebrows, and squeezing the eyes. The statistical analysis demonstrated that: (i) OCO sensors based on the principles of OMG can capture distinct variations in cheek and brow movements with a high degree of accuracy and specificity; (ii) Head movement does not have a significant impact on how well these facial expressions are detected. The collected data were also used to train a machine learning model to recognise the four facial expressions and when the face enters a neutral state. We evaluated this model in conditions intended to simulate real-world use, including variations in expression intensity, head movement and glasses position relative to the face. The model demonstrated an overall accuracy of 93% (0.90 f1-score)—evaluated using a leave-one-subject-out cross-validation technique.
Analysis of heavy metal, rare, precious, and metallic element content in bottom ash from municipal solid waste incineration in Tehran based on particle size
Authors: Beikmohammadi Masoumeh , Yaghmaeian Kamyar , Nabizadeh Ramin , Mahvi Amir Hossein
Published: September 2023

Waste incineration is increasingly used worldwide for better municipal solid waste management and energy recovery. However, residues resulting from waste incineration, such as Bottom Ash (BA) and Fly Ash (FA), can pose environmental and human health risks due to their physicochemical properties if not managed appropriately. On the other hand, with proper utilization, these residues can be turned into valuable Municipal metal mines. In this study, BA was granulated in various size ranges (< 0.075 mm, 0.075–0.125 mm, 0.125–0.5 mm, 0.5–1 mm, 1–2 mm, 2–4 mm, 4–16 mm, and > 16 mm). The physicochemical properties, heavy metal elements, environmental hazards, and other rare and precious metal elements in each Granulated Bottom Ash (GBA) group from Tehran's waste incineration were examined using ICP-MASS. Additionally, each GBA group's mineralogical properties and elemental composition were determined using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the average concentration of heavy metals in GBA, including Zn (1974 mg/kg), Cu, and Ba (790 mg/kg), Pb (145 mg/kg), Cr (106 mg/kg), Ni (25 mg/kg), Sn (24 mg/kg), V (25 mg/kg), As (11 mg/kg), and Sb (29 mg/kg), was higher in particles smaller than 4 mm. Precious metals such as gold (average 0.3 mg/kg) and silver (average 11 mg/kg) were significantly higher in GBA particles smaller than 0.5 mm, making their extraction economically feasible. Moreover, rare metals such as Ce, Nd, La, and Y were detected in GBA, with average concentrations of 24, 8, 11, and 7 mg/kg, respectively. The results of this study indicated that BA contains environmentally concerning metals, as well as rare and precious metals, with high concentrations, especially in particles smaller than 4 mm. This highlights the need for proper pre-treatment before using these materials in civil and municipal applications or even landfilling.
Impact of local delivery of allogeneic chondrocytes on the biological response and healing of the sternum bones after sternotomy
Authors: Krauze Agata , Fus-Kujawa Agnieszka , Bajdak-Rusinek Karolina , Żyła-Uklejewicz Dorota , Fernandez Carlos , Bednarek Ilona , Gałka Sabina , Sieroń Łukasz , Bogunia Edyta , Hermyt Mateusz , Nożyński Jerzy , Milewski Krzysztof , Czekaj Piotr , Wojakowski Wojciech
Published: September 2023

Median sternotomy is the surgical method of choice for many procedures where one of the main problems is the long post-operative wound healing process leading to sternal dehiscence and the development of infection. This leads to prolonged hospital stay and increased mortality due to post-operative complications. A promising solution seems to be the use of allogeneic chondrocytes for wound treatment, whose properties in the field of cartilage reconstruction are widely used in medicine, mainly in orthopedics. In the present study, we investigated the effect of local delivery of allogeneic chondrocytes on the biological response and healing of the sternum after sternotomy. We optimized the culture conditions for the isolated chondrocytes, which were then applied to the sternal incision wound. Chondrocytes in the culture were assessed on the basis of the presence of chondrocyte-specific genes: Sox9, Aggrecan and Collagen II. In turn, the histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation was used to assess the safety of implantation. In our work, we demonstrated the possibility of obtaining a viable culture of chondrocytes, which were successfully introduced into the sternal wound after sternotomy. Importantly, implantation of allogeneic chondrocytes showed no significant side effects. The obtained results open new possibilities for research on the use of allogeneic chondrocytes in the process of accelerating wound healing after median sternotomy.
In vivo label-free optical signatures of chemotherapy response in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patient-derived xenografts
Authors: Park Jaena , Sorrells Janet E. , Chaney Eric J. , Abdelrahman Amro M. , Yonkus Jennifer A. , Leiting Jennifer L. , Nelson Heidi , Harrington Jonathan J. , Aksamitiene Edita , Marjanovic Marina , Groves Peter D. , Bushell Colleen , Truty Mark J. , Boppart Stephen A.
Published: September 2023

Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease often detected at later stages, necessitating swift and effective chemotherapy treatment. However, chemoresistance is common and its mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, label-free multi-modal nonlinear optical microscopy was applied to study microstructural and functional features of pancreatic tumors in vivo to monitor inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity and treatment response. Patient-derived xenografts with human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were implanted into mice and characterized over five weeks of intraperitoneal chemotherapy (FIRINOX or Gem/NabP) with known responsiveness/resistance. Resistant and responsive tumors exhibited a similar initial metabolic response, but by week 5 the resistant tumor deviated significantly from the responsive tumor, indicating that a representative response may take up to five weeks to appear. This biphasic metabolic response in a chemoresistant tumor reveals the possibility of intra-tumor spatiotemporal heterogeneity of drug responsiveness. These results, though limited by small sample size, suggest the possibility for further work characterizing chemoresistance mechanisms using nonlinear optical microscopy.
Plastics can be used more sustainably in agriculture
Authors: Hofmann Thilo , Ghoshal Subhasis , Tufenkji Nathalie , Adamowski Jan Franklin , Bayen Stéphane , Chen Qiqing , Demokritou Philip , Flury Markus , Hüffer Thorsten , Ivleva Natalia P. , Ji Rong , Leask Richard L. , Maric Milan , Mitrano Denise M. , Sander Michael , Pahl Sabine , Rillig Matthias C. , Walker Tony R. , White Jason C. , Wilkinson Kevin J.
Published: September 2023

Plastics have become an integral component in agricultural production as mulch films, nets, storage bins and in many other applications, but their widespread use has led to the accumulation of large quantities in soils. Rational use and reduction, collection, reuse, and innovative recycling are key measures to curb plastic pollution from agriculture. Plastics that cannot be collected after use must be biodegradable in an environmentally benign manner. Harmful plastic additives must be replaced with safer alternatives to reduce toxicity burdens and included in the ongoing negotiations surrounding the United Nations Plastics Treaty. Although full substitution of plastics is currently not possible without increasing the overall environmental footprint and jeopardizing food security, alternatives with smaller environmental impacts should be used and endorsed within a clear socio-economic framework. Better monitoring and reporting, technical innovation, education and training, and social and economic incentives are imperative to promote more sustainable use of plastics in agriculture.
Ultrasensitive detection of crystal violet using a molybdenum sulfide–silver nanostructure-based sensing platform: roles of the adsorbing semiconductor in SERS signal enhancement
Authors: Pham Minh Khanh , Nguyet Nga Dao Thi , Mai Quan Doan , Tien Van Manh , Hoa Nguyen Quang , Lam Vu Dinh , Nguyen Ha Anh , Le Anh-Tuan
Published: September 2023

Molybdenum sulfide–silver (MoS2/Ag) nanocomposites were synthesized via a single step of ultrasonication and employed as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates for crystal violet (CV) detection at concentrations down to 1.17 × 10−11 M.
Essential role of CO coverage in CO2 hydrogenation over Pt(111)
Authors: Xi Yongjie , Wang Tingting , Wang Jia , Li Jinlei , Li Fuwei
Published: September 2023

The CO2 hydrogenation on Pt(111) proceeds with the increase of CO coverage and this can notably reduce the barrier of CH4 and C2H5OH formation as compared with pristine Pt(111).
Ion irradiation to control size, composition and dispersion of metal nanoparticle exsolution
Authors: Wang Jiayue , Woller Kevin B. , Kumar Abinash , Zhang Zhan , Zhou Hua , Waluyo Iradwikanari , Hunt Adrian , LeBeau James M. , Yildiz Bilge
Published: September 2023

In this research, we highlight ion beam irradiation as an effective external stimulus for precisely tuning the size, density, composition, and spatial distribution of exsolved nanoparticles within a wide range of oxide materials.
Exploring the potential mechanism of Rubus corchorifolius L. fruit polyphenol-rich extract in mitigating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics profiling
Authors: Qin Yin , Fan Ruyan , Liu Yingxin , Qiu Shuyi , Wang Lu
Published: September 2023

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as the commonest chronic liver disease, is accompanied by liver oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
Nanocomposites of Cu2O with plasmonic metals (Au, Ag): design, synthesis, and photocatalytic applications
Authors: Legaspi Enrico Daniel R. , Regulacio Michelle D.
Published: September 2023

This review features the design and synthesis of the nanocomposites of Cu2O with plasmonic metals (Au, Ag). The tunable properties of the nanocomposites in the context of photocatalysis are thoroughly discussed.
Correction: Accelerating copolymer inverse design using monte carlo tree search
Authors: Patra Tarak K. , Loeffler Troy D. , Sankaranarayanan Subramanian K. R. S.
Published: September 2023

Correction for ‘Accelerating copolymer inverse design using monte carlo tree search’ by Tarak K. Patra et al., Nanoscale, 2020, 12, 23653–23662, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0NR06091G.
Effects of metal size on supported catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation
Authors: Zhang Rui , Wang Xiao , Wang Ke , Wang Huilin , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie
Published: September 2023

Tuning the metal size in loaded catalysts to increase the activity and selectivity of desirable products in CO2 hydrogenation is widely investigated in heterogeneous catalysis.
A novel method for synthesis of carbon dots and their applications in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glucose detections
Authors: Chen Chao-Sheng , Yokokawa Aaron Shinnosuke , Tseng Kuan-Hsun , Wang Ming-Hsu , Ma Kevin Sheng-Kai , Wan Chin-Feng
Published: September 2023

A novel approach to producing C-dots and their use in detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been discovered. When combined with various biomolecules, C-dots prove to be a versatile tool for extensive metabolite tracking.
Synergistic effect of a Bi2Zr2O7 and hydroxyapatite composite: organic pollutant remediation, antibacterial and electrochemical sensing applications
Authors: Pompapathi K. , Anantharaju K. S. , Surendra B. S. , Meena S. , Uma B. , Chowdhury Arpita Paul , Murthy H. C. Ananda
Published: September 2023

Global concern regarding the energy crisis and environmental pollution is increasing.
Recent progress, trends, and new challenges in the electrochemical production of green hydrogen coupled to selective electrooxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)
Authors: Gidi Leyla , Amalraj John , Tenreiro Claudio , Ramírez Galo
Published: September 2023

An integrated electrochemical system can simultaneously produce H2 and FDCA at a lower energy cost than required for electrolytic water splitting with attractive benefits and applications over other production methods.
Correction: Enhanced electrocaloric effect, energy storage density and pyroelectric response from a domain-engineered lead-free BaTi0.91Sn0.08Zr0.01O3 ferroelectric ceramic
Authors: Kacem Hend , Dhahri Ah. , Aouaini F. , Sassi Z. , Seveyrat L. , Lebrun L. , Dhahri J.
Published: September 2023

Correction for ‘Enhanced electrocaloric effect, energy storage density and pyroelectric response from a domain-engineered lead-free BaTi0.91Sn0.08Zr0.01O3 ferroelectric ceramic’ by Hend Kacem et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 30771–30784, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2RA04914G.
Flexible direct synthesis of phosphorus-rich CoP3 on carbon black and its examination in hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis
Authors: Liyanage Ishanka A. , Barmore Hannah , Gillan Edward G.
Published: September 2023

The reaction of CoCl2 on carbon black with phosphorus yields crystalline CoP3 particles on a carbon.  Low CoP3 (5–25 mol%) content is distributed on the carbon support and shows electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity similar to bulk CoP3.
Recovery From Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Association With Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Authors: Lemons Katherine , Archambault Emily , Anderson Melinda , Kaizer Alexander , Baiduc Rachael R.
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) disease severity and recovery.

Method:

A retrospective medical chart review was performed on 90 patients (
n
= 48 men;
M
age
= 59.8 years,
SD
= 15.8) evaluated for ISSNHL. Major CVD risk factors (current tobacco smoking, diabetes, total cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dl or treatment, and hypertension [systolic blood pressure [BP]/diastolic BP ≥ 140/ ≥ 90 mmHg or treatment]) determined two CVD risk groups: lower (no major risk factors) and higher (one or more risk factors). Two pure-tone averages (PTAs) were computed: PTA
0.5,1,2
and PTA
3,4,6,8
. Complete recovery of ISSNHL was defined as PTA
initial
– PTA
follow-up
≥ 10 dB. Logistic regression estimated the odds of ISSNHL recovery by CVD risk status adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, noise exposure, and treatment.

Results:

Most patients (67.8%) had one or more CVD risk factors. Severity of initial low- and high-frequency hearing loss was similar between CVD risk groups. Recovery was 53.2% for PTA
0.5,1,2
and 32.9% for PTA
3,4,6,8
. With multivariable adjustment, current/former smoking was associated with lower odds of PTA
0.5,1,2
recovery (
OR
= 0.27; 95% CI [0.08, 0.92]). Neither higher CVD risk status nor individual CVD risk factors had a significant association with recovery. For every one-unit increase in Framingham Risk Score, odds of PTA
3,4,6,8
recovery were 0.95 times lower (95% CI [0.90, 1.00]) after accounting for age, sex, body mass index, noise exposure, and treatment/time-to-treatment grouping (
p
= .056).

Conclusions:

The prognosis of low-frequency ISSNHL recovery is worse among current/former smokers than nonsmokers. Other CVD risk factors and aggregate risk are not significantly related to recovery.
Minding the Gap: Using Implementation Science to Improve Clinical Practice in Schools
Authors: Komesidou Rouzana , Hogan Tiffany P.
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

This purpose of this prologue is to introduce readers to the
Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools
Forum: Minding the Gap: Using Implementation Science to Improve Clinical Practice in Schools. Ten articles comprise this forum presenting a variety of topics, such as the use of implementation science frameworks and methods, program adaptation, de-implementation, and interprofessional collaboration.

Conclusion:

As showcased in this forum, implementation science offers many ways to bridge the gap between research and practice and improve school-based services for children with communication disorders.
Characterizing the line emission from molecular clouds
Authors: Tafalla M. , Usero A. , Hacar A.
Published: September 2023

Aims. We aim to characterize and compare the molecular-line emission of three clouds whose star-formation rates span one order of magnitude: California, Perseus, and Orion A.

Methods. We used stratified random sampling to select positions representing the different column density regimes of each cloud and observed them with the IRAM 30 m telescope. We covered the 3 mm wavelength band and focused our analysis on CO, HCN, CS, HCO+, HNC, and N2H+.

Results. We find that the line intensities depend most strongly on the H2 column density, with which they are tightly correlated. A secondary effect, especially visible in Orion A, is a dependence of the line intensities on the gas temperature. We explored a method that corrects for temperature variations and show that, when it is applied, the emission from the three clouds behaves very similarly. CO intensities vary weakly with column density, while the intensity of traditional dense-gas tracers such as HCN, CS, and HCO+ varies almost linearly with column density. N2H+ differs from all other species in that it traces only cold dense gas. The intensity of the rare HCN and CS isotopologs reveals additional temperature-dependent abundance variations. Overall, the clouds have similar chemical compositions that, as the depth increases, are sequentially dominated by photodissociation, gas-phase reactions, molecular freeze-out, and stellar feedback in the densest parts of Orion A. Our observations also allowed us to calculate line luminosities for each cloud, and a comparison with literature values shows good agreement. We used our HCN(1–0) data to explore the behavior of the HCN conversion factor, finding that it is dominated by the emission from the outermost cloud layers. It also depends strongly on the gas kinetic temperature. Finally, we show that the HCN/CO ratio provides a gas volume density estimate, and that its correlation with the column density resembles that found in extragalactic observations.
Forecasting the power of higher order weak-lensing statistics with automatically differentiable simulations
Authors: Lanzieri Denise , Lanusse François , Modi Chirag , Horowitz Benjamin , Harnois-Déraps Joachim , Starck Jean-Luc ,   The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration (LSST DESC)
Published: September 2023

Aims. We present the fully differentiable physical Differentiable Lensing Lightcone (DLL) model, designed for use as a forward model in Bayesian inference algorithms that require access to derivatives of lensing observables with respect to cosmological parameters.

Methods. We extended the public FlowPM N-body code, a particle-mesh N-body solver, while simulating the lensing lightcones and implementing the Born approximation in the Tensorflow framework. Furthermore, DLL is aimed at achieving high accuracy with low computational costs. As such, it integrates a novel hybrid physical-neural (HPN) parameterization that is able to compensate for the small-scale approximations resulting from particle-mesh schemes for cosmological N-body simulations. We validated our simulations in the context of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) against high-resolution κTNG-Dark simulations by comparing both the lensing angular power spectrum and multiscale peak counts. We demonstrated its ability to recover lensing Cℓ up to a 10% accuracy at ℓ = 1000 for sources at a redshift of 1, with as few as ∼0.6 particles per Mpc h−1. As a first-use case, we applied this tool to an investigation of the relative constraining power of the angular power spectrum and peak counts statistic in an LSST setting. Such comparisons are typically very costly as they require a large number of simulations and do not scale appropriately with an increasing number of cosmological parameters. As opposed to forecasts based on finite differences, these statistics can be analytically differentiated with respect to cosmology or any systematics included in the simulations at the same computational cost of the forward simulation.

Results. We find that the peak counts outperform the power spectrum in terms of the cold dark matter parameter, Ωc, as well as on the amplitude of density fluctuations, σ8, and the amplitude of the intrinsic alignment signal, AIA.
PRUSSIC
Authors: Rybak M. , van Marrewijk J. , Hodge J. A. , Andreani P. , Calistro Rivera G. , Graziani L. , McKean J. P. , Viti S. , van der Werf P. P.
Published: September 2023

We present deep ALMA Band 3 observations of the HCN, HCO+, and HNC(4–3) emission in SDP.81, a well-studied z = 3.042, strongly lensed galaxy. These lines trace the high-density gas, which remains almost entirely unexplored in z ≥ 1 galaxies. Additionally, these dense-gas tracers are potentially powerful diagnostics of the mechanical heating of the interstellar medium. While the HCN(4–3) and HNC(4–3) lines are not detected, the HCO+(4–3) emission is clearly detected and resolved. This is the third detection of this line in a high-redshift star-forming galaxy. We find an unusually high HCO+/HCN intensity ratio of ≥2.2. Based on the modelling of the photodissociation region, the most likely explanation for the elevated HCO+/HCN ratio is that SDP.81 has low mechanical heating, making up less than 10% of the total energy budget, along with a sub-solar metallicity of Z ≈ 0.5 Z⊙. While such conditions might not be representative of the general population of high-redshift dusty galaxies, a lower-than-solar metallicity might significantly impact gas masses inferred from CO observations. In addition, we report the detection of CO(0–1) absorption from the foreground lensing galaxy and CO(1–0) emission from a massive companion to the lensing galaxy, approximately 50 kpc to the south-east.
The emerging role of design in the circular materials field
Authors: Squatrito Alessandro , Ferrara Marinella
Published: September 2023

Nowadays, a common goal engages many disciplines in researching and implementing a circular and sustainable economic model, and design is one of them. Designers are involved in our global climate crisis governing and influencing production and consumption processes and materials. The latter, materials, are a fundamental part of design processes, and intervening in and through them, means solving many sustainability problems by moving toward possible circular production. For these reasons, design research has long transcended its traditional boundaries. We are witnessing a phenomenon in which design plays an unprecedented role: from “design with materials”, we have moved to “design for materials” and now “of materials”. Design becomes the interface between us and the material world through multidisciplinary tools, the mediator between problems and solutions, activating and directing interdisciplinary teams engaged in processes shared by their research. Evidence of this phenomenon is the growing number of public and private investments, actions in academies and research institutes, and realities in the industry involving designers and design-driven activities such as creative enterprises, incubators, and start-ups. This paper aims to highlight this phenomenon with examples where design is a significant player in materials development strategies. After an initial framing of the circular economy, the report analyzes the repositioning of materials design through a phenomenological analysis. This analysis includes the evolution of design approaches to materials through their creative practices. Moreover, we analyzed how design education is changing to respond to environmental issues. The paper creates and defines a taxonomy of material design case studies. It then closes with some reflections and conclusions.
Spezialisierte Ambulante Palliativversorgung (SAPV)
Authors: Büssing Arndt
Published: September 2023

Was, wenn jemand so schwer und komplex krank ist, dass seine Versorgung im vertrauten
häuslichen Umfeld nicht mehr alleine von den Angehörigen und dem
jeweiligen Hausarzt bzw. Hausärztin gewährleistet werden kann? Muss
er oder sie dann in der palliativen Situation in eine stationäre
Pflegeinrichtung oder, wenn die Grunderkrankung zu weit fortgeschritten ist, in ein
Hospiz? Auch wenn er oder sie das vielleicht gar nicht will?
Assessment of High-Variability Speech Recognition in Adult Cochlear Implant Users using PRESTO
Authors: Tamati Terrin N. , Faulkner Kathleen F. , Pisoni David B.
Published: September 2023

Abstract Background Speech recognition in adult cochlear implant (CI) users is typically assessed using sentence materials with low talker variability. Little is known about the effects of talker variability on speech recognition in adult CI users, the factors
underlying individual differences in speech recognition with high talker variability, or how sentence materials with high talker variability could be utilized clinically. Purpose To examine the effects of talker variability on sentence recognition in adult CI users, using sentences
from the Perceptually Robust English Sentence Test Open-Set (PRESTO), and to examine the relation between working memory capacity and high-variability speech recognition. Research Design Postlingually deafened adult CI users and adults with self-reported normal hearing (NH)
under CI simulation completed sentence recognition tests that contained varying levels of talker variability, including Hearing in Noise Test (HINT; low-variability), AzBio (moderate-variability), and PRESTO sentences (high-variability). The tasks were completed in both quiet and multitalker
babble (MTB). For the adult CI users only, the relation between sentence recognition accuracy and working memory capacity was assessed. Study Sample Twenty postlingually deafened adult CI users and 35 NH adults under 8-channel acoustic noise-vocoder simulations of CI hearing.
Results In both CI and NH groups, performance decreased as a function of increased talker variability, with the best scores obtained on HINT (low-variability), then AzBio (moderate-variability), followed by PRESTO (high-variability) in quiet. In MTB, performance was significantly
lower on PRESTO sentences, compared with HINT and AzBio sentences, which were not significantly different. Working memory capacity in the CI users was related to sentence recognition accuracy across all materials and conditions. Conclusion Findings from the current study suggest
that the increased talker variability in the PRESTO sentence materials has a detrimental effect on speech recognition in both adult CI users and NH listeners under CI simulation, particularly when speech is further degraded by MTB. For adult CI users, working memory capacity contributes to
speech recognition abilities. Sentence recognition testing with high-variability, multitalker materials, as in PRESTO, provides robust assessment of speech recognition abilities for research and clinical application, generating a wide range of scores for evaluating individual differences without
ceiling effects when compared with conventional low-variability sentences.
Uses of Sepa Flap in Reconstruction of Defects of Hand-A Review of 25 Cases
Authors: Sinha Dr. V.B. , Sharma Dr. B.K. , Verma Dr. P.K.
Published: September 2023

The SEPA flap based on superficial External Pudendal Artery, raised from lower abdomen is used to cover defects of hand. A series of 25 cases is done, out of which 5 cases were dealt in the emergency whereas 20 cases were dealt in elective operations. Both unilateral and bilateral flaps were used. The results are encouraging but vary significantly upon the severity of injury.
Cleft Lip Residual Deformity Correction
Authors: Bhiwapurkar Dr. Rajan
Published: September 2023

Cleft lip residual deformities need a Careful assessment of disfigurement and distortion related defects.

Lip and nose both develop them after the successful primary repair. That of nose are related to collumela, alar cartilages, septum both bony as well as cartilagenous and vestibules. Surgical correction of each and every one of the defects present is expected to give a functionally and aesthetically acceptable result. Proper understanding of skeletal structural support of nose and that of certain other elements on which nose skin is draped is necessary. This artical deals with finer aspects of deformities that develop in cleft lip noses and describes ways and means of correcting them.
Island Dorsalis Pedis Flap
Authors: Sharma Dr. B.K. , Verma Dr. P.K.
Published: September 2023

The Island Dorsalis pedis Flap is used for reconstruction of defects near the lower end of tibia and area adjacent to ankle joint. The flap is dissected as an island which aid greatly in increasing its arc of rotation and in improving its manouverability. The results are satisfactory functionally with acceptable donar site morbidity.
Rare Anomaly of Palmaris Longus Muscle
Authors: Kashalikar Dr. J.J. , Jahagirdar Dr. P.H.
Published: September 2023

One case of morphologically abnormal palmaris longus muscle is presented.
The effect of intergenerational mobility on family education investment: evidence from China
Authors: Zhao Nan , Liao Wanqing , Xia Jun , Zhang Zizhe
Published: September 2023

The discussion of inequality has been an enduring topic in sociology and economics. With the intensification of inequality, an increasing amount of research has begun to focus on the impact of inequality on various aspects of the economy and society. However, research on how inequality affects families’ education investment behavior currently remains relatively scarce. This study contributes to filling this gap by presenting one of the first analyses of the effect of intergenerational mobility-based opportunity inequality on family education investment. Specifically, based on a Chinese population sample survey conducted in 2015 and the China Family Panel Studies survey conducted in 2018, this paper measures the intergenerational mobility of regions using an index of intergenerational educational rank correlation, and it uses extracurricular tutoring expenses to measure families’ investment in their children’s education. The benchmark regression results show that intergenerational mobility significantly negatively impacts family education investment, with the average family education investment decreasing by 25.75 percent for every 0.1-unit increase in intergenerational mobility. This negative effect remains significant after robustness tests, such as replacing the explanatory variables and dependent variables, considering the influence of important omitted variables, evaluating the impact of unobservable factors, and introducing an instrumental variable for two-stage least squares regression analysis. In addition, this negative impact is more prevalent among families with high socioeconomic status, while it is not significant in families with low socioeconomic status. The reason is that families with low socioeconomic status face greater credit constraints and intergenerational mobility incentives. Furthermore, an examination of the mechanisms involved reveals that although the improvement in intergenerational mobility may increase people’s confidence in investing, it ultimately reduces family education investment by lowering excessive anxiety and the extent of status-seeking behavior among families. According to the analysis, promoting equality of opportunity could mitigate China’s negative educational competition and facilitate the realization of the “Double Reduction” policy.
A new modified cubic transmuted-G family of distributions: Properties and different methods of estimation with applications to real-life data
Authors: Rahman Md. Mahabubur , Gemeay Ahmed M. , Islam Khan Md. Awwal , Meraou Mohammed Amine , Bakr M. E. , Muse Abdisalam Hassan , Hussam Eslam , Balogun Oluwafemi Samson
Published: September 2023

Generating new statistical models is one of the most commonly used methods to represent real-life occurrences. Sometimes, with a known distribution, it may not be possible to represent a scenario, so we may consider generalization to incorporate more variance in the data. In this article, we offer a modified cubic transmuted-G family of distributions to enrich the members of the second-order transmuted distributions. By utilizing this modified class of distributions, we build a new distribution entitled the modified cubic transmuted Rayleigh distribution, along with its distributional features, estimate, associated inference, and real-life applications.
GP perspectives on a psychiatry phone line in Western Australia’s Great Southern region: implications for addressing rural GP workload
Authors: Cuesta-Briand Beatriz , Rock Daniel , Tayba Layale , Hoimes James , Ngo Hanh , Taran Michael , Coleman Mathew
Published: September 2023

Background Mental illness is a public health challenge disproportionately affecting rural Australians. GPs provide most of the mental health care, and they report increasing levels of burnout and unsustainable workload in the context of increased patient complexity. This may be more salient in rural settings characterised by resource constraints. In this paper, we use evaluation data from a GP psychiatry phone line established in Western Australia’s Great Southern region in 2021 to describe GPs’ perspectives on the service and reflect on how it may help alleviate rural GP workload. Methods The sample was recruited among GPs practicing in the region. Data were collected through an online survey and semistructured interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the survey data. Interview data were subjected to thematic analysis; qualitative survey data were used for triangulation. Results A total of 45 GPs completed the survey and 14 were interviewed. Interview data yielded three themes: the criticality of timeliness; the building blocks of confidence; and trust. GPs were highly satisfied with the service, and timeliness and trust were the characteristics underpinning its effectiveness. The service built GPs’ confidence in managing mental health and alcohol and other drug use issues through strengthening knowledge and providing reassurance. Conclusions Our results suggest that a telephone line operated by trusted, local psychiatrists with knowledge of the local mental health ecosystem of support can reduce rural GP workload through building confidence and strengthening personal agency, helping GPs navigate the ethical and clinical labyrinth of managing patient complexity in rural settings.
Distinct context- and content-dependent population codes in superior colliculus during sensation and action
Authors: Ayar Eve C. , Heusser Michelle R. , Bourrelly Clara , Gandhi Neeraj J.
Published: September 2023

Sensorimotor transformation is the process of first sensing an object in the environment and then producing a movement in response to that stimulus. For visually guided saccades, neurons in the superior colliculus (SC) emit a burst of spikes to register the appearance of stimulus, and many of the same neurons discharge another burst to initiate the eye movement. We investigated whether the neural signatures of sensation and action in SC depend on context. Spiking activity along the dorsoventral axis was recorded with a laminar probe as Rhesus monkeys generated saccades to the same stimulus location in tasks that require either executive control to delay saccade onset until permission is granted or the production of an immediate response to a target whose onset is predictable. Using dimensionality reduction and discriminability methods, we show that the subspaces occupied during the visual and motor epochs were both distinct within each task and differentiable across tasks. Single-unit analyses, in contrast, show that the movement-related activity of SC neurons was not different between tasks. These results demonstrate that statistical features in neural activity of simultaneously recorded ensembles provide more insight than single neurons. They also indicate that cognitive processes associated with task requirements are multiplexed in SC population activity during both sensation and action and that downstream structures could use this activity to extract context. Additionally, the entire manifolds associated with sensory and motor responses, respectively, may be larger than the subspaces explored within a certain set of experiments.
Embedding, extending, and distributing interpreter cognition with
technology
Authors: Mellinger Christopher D.
Published: September 2023

Interpreters work in increasingly technologized
environments, with access to hardware and software prior to and during the
interpreting task, which can support their work in a variety of ways. Some
of these tools are used prior to the interpreting task as a means to prepare
materials, terminology, and resources that can be later used while
interpreting. Other tools seek to support interpreters while interpreting,
including automated speech recognition systems, digital recording materials,
and digital pens, to allow interpreters to augment their ability to process
information and potentially enhance their performance. The presence and use
of these technologies ultimately alters and influences the work of
interpreters, particularly since these tools can extend and distribute
cognitive processes and resources across multiple interpreters and
technologies. This chapter takes a socio-cognitive perspective on
interpreting in order to more closely examine the interaction of technology
and interpreter cognition, focusing on several interrelated constructs of
interpreting, namely embedded and embodied cognition, extended cognition,
and distributed cognition. These cognitive frameworks, which are often
collectively referred to as situated or 4EA cognition, illustrate the
importance of recognizing the contextualized and situated nature of
interpreting with respect to technologies used to support interpreters in
their work.
Is seeing believing?
Authors: Bryfonski Lara
Published: September 2023

This study compares the effects of visual and oral corrective feedback (CF) on L2 pronunciation development. While many studies have investigated the effects of oral CF for various types of L2 learner productions (Li, 2010; Mackey & Goo, 2007), research in visual biofeedback is still developing (Antolík et al., 2019; Gick, et al., 2008). In this study, 21 Japanese learners of English were divided into two groups: an oral CF group and a visual (ultrasound) CF group where participants received either oral or visual feedback on task-essential pronunciations of English /l/ and /r/ after induced communication breakdowns in task-based interactions. Development, determined by accuracy ratings of /l/ and /r/ productions and comprehensibly ratings of phrases from reading passages by naïve raters, was examined pre and post participation in task-based interactions. Introspective reports in the form of stimulated recall interviews assessed learners’ noticing of visual and oral CF and provided qualitative evaluations of the utility of ultrasound imaging for improving pronunciation. Findings uncovered gains for the group who received biofeedback using ultrasound on a story reading task, but not a word list task, when compared with learners who only received oral CF. The training was positively received by participants with those in the ultrasound group finding use of the ultrasound motivating and useful for their production of /r/ and /l/.
Regressive cross-linguistic influence in multilingual speech
rhythm
Authors: Brown-Bousfield Megan M. , Chang Charles B.
Published: September 2023

While previous work on multilingual speech rhythm has
found evidence of progressive cross-linguistic
influence of a first or second language (L1, L2) on a
third language (L3), regressive cross-linguistic influence (rCLI) in
rhythm remains understudied. In the current study, we tested the
roles of order
of acquisition and of language similarity in shaping
rCLI from syllable-timed Spanish as L3 to
stress-timed English and German as
L1/L2. In a picture narration task, adult sequential trilinguals (L1 English-L2 German-L3 Spanish, L1
German-L2 English-L3 Spanish) and sequential bilingual controls (L1
English-L2 German, L1 German-L2 English) produced semi-spontaneous
speech in each of their languages, which was analyzed
in terms of the rhythm metric VarcoV. Results showed
evidence of rCLI in English (the typologically more similar language
to Spanish) but no evidence of rCLI in German; however, rCLI in
English was found only when English was the L1. On the basis of
these findings, we propose the Similarity Convergence
Hypothesis (SCH), which claims that previously acquired
languages that are more similar to a later-acquired language are
relatively more vulnerable to rCLI from this
language.