bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Significant Association of Epidemiological Factors with Hypothyroid Patients in Khulna Region: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors:   Assistant Professor of Medicine, Khulna Medical College, Khulna, Bangladesh, Chanda Dr Utpal Kumar
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: Thyroid disorder is one of the most common endocrine disorders worldwide. A community‑based investigations showed that; overall occurrence of thyroid disease was 20.43%, highest incidence of diffuse goiter (7.35%), followed by sub-clinical hypothyroidism (6.59%), hypothyroidism (4.97%), hyperthyroidism (0.86%) and sub-clinical hyperthyroidism (0.65%) in Khulna, Bangladesh. High prevalence of hypothyroidism with autoimmunity are also observed in Khulna Region. The aim of this study was to conduct epidemiological survey of hypothyroid patients in Khulna region. Methods: This cross‑sectional study was done on Hypothyroid patients of Khulna Medical College Hospital and Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science (INMAS), Khulna, from July 2023 to December 2023. After having informed written consent of adult sixty hypothyroid patients, was interviewed and examined the blood sample for relevant information; data recorded in a preformed, semi-structured data collection sheet (Patient particulars form) and analyzed. Results: Out of the sixty hypothyroid patients about fifty percent was obese, eighty percent was female of 30-60 years age group. Ninety percent of them belongs to poor socioeconomic conditions and came from rural area of Khulna district. About 20 percent had positive family history of hypothyroidism, 27 percent patient was associated with other autoimmune diseases and about 80 percent was associated with anti-thyroid antibody. Conclusions: Most of the patients were rural female of low socioeconomic back ground of reproductive age groups. They also associated with other autoimmune diseases. Chronic autoimmune diseases, poverty, anti-thyroid antibody and salinity of environment may play an important role for the causation of hypothyroidism in Khulna region. Keywords: Thyroid disorder, hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, thyroiditis.
A study of acute stroke syndromes in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital in south Rajasthan - A cross sectional observational study
Authors:   PDT, Deptt. of Neurology, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Hiranmagri Extension, Manwakhera NH- 8 Bypass, Near Eklingpura Chouraha, Udaipur 313002, Rajasthan, India, Chattopadhyay Dr Sourav
Published: October 2024

Introduction Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long term disability in India. Stroke is an important cause of premature death and disability in low- income and middle-income countries like India, largely driven by demographic changes and enhanced by the increasing prevalence of the key modifiable risk factors. Among all the neurological diseases of adult life, cerebrovascular accidents clearly ranks first in frequency of importance. Almost fifty percent of neurological diseases in general hospital are due to stroke. Cerebrovascular accident includes ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and cerebrovascular anomalies such as intracranial aneurysm, AV malformation and cortical venous thrombosis. Stroke after heart disease, is the second most common cause of death among noncommunicablediseases.[1] With the introduction of effective treatment for hypertension, there has been a marked reduction in the frequency of stroke.
A study of clinical & radiological outcomes of small single enhancing lesions in CT brain - in a tertiary care hospital
Authors:   PDT, Deptt. of Neurology, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Hiranmagri Extension, Manwakhera, Chattopadhyay Dr Sourav
Published: October 2024

Introduction Small single enhancing lesion in CT (SSECT) scan as an entity came into existence in India in early 1980, with the advent of CT scan. Tandon et al3 labeled them as intracranial tuberculomas. They identified two types of lesions based on the appearance of the lesion in the C T Scan brain. Small ring and disc lesions were called as immature tuberculomas and large lobulated lesions were called as mature tuberculomas. ATT was invariably started in these patients. Sethi et al5 & Bansal et al6 noted that these lesions disappeared spontaneously without treatment. Natarajan and Arjundas et al37 at the Institute of Neurology, Chennai also noted spontaneous disappearance of these lesions without specific treatment. The exact cause of these lesions could not be deciphered because apart from tuberculoma, cysticercus granuloma, pyogenic abscess, metastases, fungal granuloma, and glioma had been reported to cause similar appearance in CT scan brain as more centers acquired C.T. Scan facility. Hence the exact aetiology of these lesions became a subject of speculation. A significant breakthrough came in 1987 at Vellore 8 when stereo tactic biopsy was done on 15 patients with SSECT. Most of the lesions were identified as cysticercus and none were of tuberculous etiology. Bhargava and Tandon in 1988 and Wadia, Makhalle in 19863,4, found evidence of tuberculous lesions in histopathology. However they failed in defining the size of the lesion. Rajshekhar et al8 then defined a small single lesion based on CT appearance as “A solitary, contrast-enhancing lesion of less than 20- mm diameter lesion without severe cerebral edema (no midline shift)”.this definition is often equated to cysticercous granuloma but there is every possibility that these lesions could be a tuberculoma.
Comparative Study of Reducing Blood Loss in Total Knee Replacement with and without the Use of Tranexamic Acid, Tourniquet, and Drainage
Authors:   Orthopedic Department, Benghazi Medical Center, Elfadli Mustafa M
Published: October 2024

Background: Patients who undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may develop large blood loss. The intraoperative and postoperative blood loss after TKA ranges from 1500 to 1900 cc. TKA is often carried out using a tourniquet and drains to collect the shedded blood loss. However, tranexamic acid is found to decrease blood loss. Tranexamic acid is a fibrinolysis inhibitor that blocks the plasminogen, and it has been reported before that it reduces blood loss in patients undergoing TKA. However, few reports describe the effects of tranexamic acid on blood loss in patients who underwent TKA. Objectives: To study the reduction of blood loss after intravenous tranexamic acid infusion in patients undergoing TKA without the use of tourniquets or drains. Patients and Methods: We performed a total of 95 TKA in osteoarthritis patients between 2017-2018. A total of 30 patients were operated during 2017 and at that time tourniquets with drains were used with no intravenous tranexamic acid. On the other hand, a total of 45 patients were operated in the year 2018 and for those intravenous tranexamic acid was used to decrease the blood loss without the use of tourniquets or drains. For those who received tranexamic acid it was given as follows, at time of anesthesia induction a total of 1 gram tranexamic acid is infused over 10 min. At closure, another 1 gram tranexamic acid is infused over 10 min. Furthermore, Patient's demographics, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) levels were studied as well as the need for blood transfusion between the two groups. Results: The two groups had similar characteristics. The mean of pre and postoperative hemoglobin difference was 2.9 (SD 1.0) and 3.5 (SD 1.23) in the tourniquets and tranexamic acid groups respectively (p value = 0.041). However, postoperatively 5 (16.6%) of the tourniquets group received blood transfusion. Whereas, no one (0%) of the tranexamic acid patients needed to receive blood (p value = 0.005). Conclusion: The use of tranexamic acid may decrease the total blood loss in patients undergoing TKA. Furthermore, there is less need for blood transfusion in those who received tranexamic acid
A study of clinical evaluation of migraine and other seizure related headaches in patients with Epilepsy - a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study
Authors:   PDT, Deptt. of Neurology, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Hiranmagri Extension, Manwakhera, Chattopadhyay Dr Sourav
Published: October 2024

Introduction Epilepsy and Migraine are the chronic disorders with recurrent neurological dysfunction associated with headache and autonomic, abdominal and psychotic features. In some patients it may be difficult to differentiate between migraine and the seizure episodes. Both are having comorbid symptoms and occurrence. Migraine patients can develop seizure and epileptics can have migraine attacks. Epileptologists proposed the hyperexcitability of the altered brain tissue, as the cause of seizure and migraine headache occurrence and vice versa. Enhanced hyperexcitability of cortical neurons and diminished threshold are the pathophysiological mechanisms enumerated in these conditions. Low magnesium in brain and the altered neurotransmitters are responsible for increased cortical excitability. Both the environmental as well as the genetic factors might cause these changes.
Analysis of Rates and Reasons of Whole Blood Donor Deferral at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Transfusion Medicine, GMC Jammu, Sharma Dr Mitali
Published: October 2024

Background: Safe blood donors form the backbone of safe blood transfusion services. Donor eligibility policies are a critical layer of blood safety designed to ensure selection of healthy donors and to protect recipients from any harm. Aim: Analysis of rates and reasons of blood donor deferral at a tertiary care hospital in north India. Methodology: The present study is a retrospective study done in a tertiary care centre in Jammu region. The data was collected over a period of 2 years from January 2018 to December 2019.The various causes for deferral of the donor from donation were collected from donor deferral register which was recorded using regular questionnaire- based interview in the registration card followed by thorough medical history elicitation and minimal physical examination. Result: The total number of potential donors screened during the study period were 4728, out of which 532 were deferred because of various reasons. The deferral rate was calculated to be 11.25%.The mean age of deferred donors was 31.2±8.4 years. Most common cause for deferral both among males and females was low Haemoglobin level (less than 12.5gm %) i.e., 28.58%, followed by alcohol intake in last 24 hrs i.e., 11.09%, history of medication (6.2%); medical causes (5.83%); and Jaundice 5.26%. Deferral rate was found to be more among replacement donors (18.98%) than voluntary donors (6.62%). The permanent deferral was 16.65%. Conclusion: The deferral rate in this study is comparable to the deferral rates in other centres. The data will be very essential and helpful in testing the applicability of donor selection criteria. By identification of the causes for temporary deferrals, appropriate measures can be put in place to motivate and inform these potential donors to return for blood donation at a later date after the underlying cause has been rectified. Keywords: Blood donor deferral, permanent deferral, temporary deferral
Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh Repair (IPOM) versus Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh Repair with Closure of Fascia Defect (IPOM Plus) for Ventral Hernias: Retrospective Analysis of Postoperative Outcomes
Authors:   Consultant, Department of Gastroenterologist, HBP Surgeon, Dharan Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India, Gopalakrishnan Dr G.
Published: October 2024

Background: Intra-peritoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) repair, a type of Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair (LVHR), comprises bridging the defect from the peritoneal side with a composite mesh. Recently, IPOMPlus has become the recommended type of LVHR in which the defect in the fascia is sutured before placing the mesh. Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study conducted at Dharan Hospital, Salem. Patients who had undergone IPOM-Plus or IPOM during January 2020 to June 2021 were selected. Data regarding demographics, intra-operative and post-operative outcomes were collected from medical record section. Patients were followed up for 6 months. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0 taking a p-value of <0.05 as statistically significant. Results: A total of 74 patients were included in this study, out of which 34 patients had undergone IPOM (Group A) and 40 patients underwent IPOM-Plus (Group B). In both the groups, there was no statistical difference in demographic variables except more number of umbilical hernia in both the groups compared to epigastric and paraumbilical hernia. Hernia defect size and mean operative time were varied significantly (p-value < 0.05) in both groups. More number of seroma formation (p=0.021), pseudosac at first OPD visit (p=0.020) and pseudosac at 6 months (p=0.027) in Group A compared to Group B. Conclusions: IPOM plus repair is safe with possible advantages over a standard IPOM repair in patients with ventral hernia in term of postoperative outcomes. Keywords: Ventral hernia, IPOM, IPOM Plus, Laparoscopy
Meckel-Gruber Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors:   Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Military Hospital of Instruction Mohamed V, Rabat, Morocco, Ouguerzi Nassima
Published: October 2024

Gruber syndrome is a rare Meckel polymalformative syndrome, autosomal recessive, defined by occipital encephalocele, polydactyly, and renal cystic dysplasia. Ultrasound is currently the best means of antenatal screening for this lethal polymalformation, and confirmation is by karyotype study. We report the case of a second 31-year-old woman with a scarred uterus and no history of consanguinity, who had a full-term pregnancy in which the diagnosis of Meckel-Gruber syndrome was made at 19 weeks' gestation and confirmed at birth. Keywords: Meckel syndrome, renal dysplasia, prenatal diagnosis.
Use of antihypertensive agents and its present perspective: an observational retrospective study
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology and therapeutics, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital,, Haldar Mithilesh
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the utilization of antihypertensive agents for the patients of Hypertension and subsequently their health outcome at a Tertiary Care Level Hospital and to observe the relationship among demographic profile of the patients. Materials and Methods: An observational retrospective study was undertaken collecting total 680 patients’ data from patient admission ticket of a Tertiary Care Level Hospital. Mainly drugs used and outcome of the patients were recorded. Of all patients 306 were found to be treated with calcium channel blockers (CCBs), 77 with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), 229 with CCBs plus ARBs, 46 with CCBs plus ARBs and beta blockers and only 22 patients got CCBs, ARBs and diuretics. Data were statistically analysed in respect of demographic profile, drugs used and clinical features of the patients. Results: Best outcome was observed in patients treated with solely CCBs where in 289 out of 306 patients, hypertension was controlled. 194 out of 229 patients with CCBs and ARBs showed desired outcomes. 41 out of 77 with only ARBs, 29 out of 46 with CCBs, ARBs and beta blockers and 16 out of 22 with CCBs, ARBs and diuretics ended with positive results. Conclusion: Calcium channel blockers alone and in few cases in combination with angiotensin receptor blocking agents are very effective in controlling hypertension. Keywords: Hypertension, calcium channel blockers and angiotensin receptor blockers
Obstructed Labor at a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: A Six-Year Review
Authors: Ewuoso Dr Bernard. O.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Unlike most developed countries, obstructed labor with a dead fetus is still a reality in many developing countries, and it is a well-known cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To highlight the characteristics of patients presenting with obstructed labor at a tertiary hospital and determine fetomaternal outcomes. Methodology: A retrospective descriptive study of 45 cases of obstructed labor that were managed in a tertiary hospital from January 2009 to December 2014. Relevant information was extracted from patients’ case files, and the data obtained were analyzed. Results: Obstructed labor constituted 0.75% of all deliveries. All patients were referred in, and thirty (2/3) of them were nulliparous, while 25 (55.6%) were between the ages of 16 and 25. Forty-one (91.1%) of the patients were delivered by emergency caesarean section, while four patients had exploratory laparotomy with uterine repair and bilateral tubal ligation. Thirty-eight (84.5%) of the babies weighed between 2.6-4kg and five (11.1%) weighed more than 4kg. Most of the patients, 91.1%, had prolonged hospital stay with 25% staying over 3 weeks postpartum before being discharged. Eight (17.8%) suffered severe birth asphyxia, and there were five perinatal and two maternal mortalities. The commonest complication was puerperal sepsis. Conclusion: The study showed obstructed labor remains a cause of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Effective use of partographs in the peripheral centers, where all the women came from, would ensure early referral before labor became obstructed.
Antibiotic Resistance: Mechanisms, Impact, and Strategies for Mitigation
Authors: Alghamd Saud Hamed
Published: October 2024

Antibiotic resistance is a critical global health issue that threatens to undermine the efficacy of antibiotics and the ability to treat common infectious diseases. This paper provides a detailed overview of the mechanisms by which bacteria develop resistance, the impact of this phenomenon on public health, and potential strategies to mitigate the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The paper also includes data on resistance rates for various bacteria and discusses global efforts to monitor and combat this growing threat.
Study of Association of Calcium with Lipid Profile in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Population of Udaipur
Authors:   PG Student Department of Biochemistry PMCH Udaipur, Mazharoddin Shaikh Minhajuddin
Published: October 2024

Introduction Many types of metabolic alterations are responsible for altering the metabolism related with the metabolic syndrome. The pathophysiology and the progression of the disease correlate well with the deranged reactions in the diseased states. There are particular roles of different minerals as far as the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome is concerned. The progress of the disorder is also correlated with the metabolism of different minerals. 5 . There are many minerals which hold significance and are significant in relation to the metabolic syndrome. These trace elements control the different functions like growth and biological functions3, 4.
Laser Hemorrhoidoplasty and Lateral sphincterotomy Procedures vs Conservative Treatment for Hemorrhoids and Fissure in Ano: A Trial Comparing Laser and Conservative treatments
Authors: Pandiyaraj Dr Anand
Published: October 2024

Objective: According to the ‘‘vascular’’ theory, arterial overflow in the superior hemorrhoidal arteries would lead to dilatation of the hemorrhoidal venous plexus. Hemorrhoid laser procedure (LHP) is a new laser procedure for outpatient treatment of hemorrhoids in which hemorrhoidal arterial flow feeding the hemorrhoidal plexus is stopped by laser coagulation. Aim: Our aim was to compare the hemorrhoid laser procedure and laser aided lateral sphincterotomy vs conservative treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoids and fissure in ano. Material and Method: A comparison trial between hemorrhoid laser procedure, lateral sphincterotomy and conservative treatment for hemorrhoids and fissure in ano was made. This study was conducted at Vels Medical College and Hospital, Manjankaranai, Tamil Nadu. Patients with symptomatic grade III or grade IV hemorrhoids with minimal or complete mucosal prolapse were eligible for the study: 30 patients treated with the laser hemorrhoidoplasty, 30 patients–with laser aided lateral sphincterotomy and 40 patients treated with conservative methods. Operative time, postoperative pain, post-op healing time were evaluated. Results: A total number of 100 patients ( 65 men and 35 women, mean age, 46 years) entered the trial. Significant differences between laser hemorrhoidoplasty, laser sphincterotomy and conservative treatments were observed in operative time and early postoperative pain. The procedure time for LHP was 15.49 min laser aided lateral sphincterotomy was 10.19 min. Conclusion: The laser hemorrhoidoplasty and laser guided sphincterotomy procedures were more effective than conservative methods. Postoperative pain and healing time were drastically less in the early and late post op period.
Atypical Presentation of SLE
Authors: Thakur Priyanka
Published: October 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presents with a wide array of cutaneous manifestations. The classical cutaneous features are malar rash, discoid rash, annular and papulosquamous lesions. There can also be some atypical manifestations. We present the case report of a patient, which satisfies the ACR/EULAR 2019 criteria for lupus and presented with unusual manifestation of a petechial rash.
A Study on Clinical and Immunological pattern of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients in a Tertiary care Hospital – A Retrospective Study
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital - Puducherry, Sankar M. K Dr Uthaya
Published: October 2024

Introduction Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a Chronic Multisystem Autoimmune disorder that exhibits a wide spectrum of clinical and immunological abnormalities ranging from localized cutaneous involvement to life-threatening systemic involvement. The heterogeneity of SLE manifestations is due to an interplay of genetic, environmental, and hormonal influences[1]. Onset occurs commonly in women of reproductive age, in the third and fourth decades of life, with a Male: Female ratio of about 1:10. The clinical course of the disease is unpredictable with periods of remission and flares.
Evaluation of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio with Neurological Severity and Short-Term Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors:   Father Muller Medical College, Dr Venkatesha B M Dr Aaron Jovin Mathias,
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Stroke represents a significant global health care challenge, ranking as the second most common cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Inflammatory process plays an important role in pathophysiology of acute ischemic stroke. These inflammatory responses increase the brain damage and cause neurological deterioration. Neutrophils and lymphocytes serve as pivotal mediators of inflammatory response. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the association between the Neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with the initial severity of stroke and the short-term functional outcome using the NIHSS and BARTHEL index respectively. Materials and Methods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study on 80 patients admitted at Father Muller Medical College Hospital, which is a tertiary care centre in Mangalore between May 2023 to April 2024. Diagnosis of stroke was based on clinical evaluation and Radiological imaging. Peripheral blood samples were collected for complete blood count within 24 hours of stroke onset. The NLR was determined by dividing the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) to the absolute lymphocyte count (ALC). This was then correlated with the NIHSS and the BARTHEL index. Results: This study included 80 patients, with the mean age of 65.1 years. Majority of the patients were in the age group 51-70years (55%). The mean NLR was found to be 13.39. The mean NIHSS and BARTHEL index was 11.08 and 63.69 respectively. The NLR showed significant correlation with the initial stroke severity and the short-term functional outcomes. For the purpose of correlation NLR was divided into three groups i.e. >3, 3-5 and >5. Patients with higher NLR (>5) were more likely to have a severe stroke and greater dependency. Conversely, those with lower NLR (<3) had a minor stroke and slight dependency. 80% of the patients with severe stroke had a NLR above 5, while 82% of the patients with minor stroke had a NLR below 3 (p value <0.001). This study also found a strong correlation between NIHSS and the BARTHEL index - patients with lower NIHSS and NLR were found to have a better short term function outcome. Conclusion: NLR was found to be significantly associated with the initial severity of stroke and the shortterm functional outcome. Because of its high specificity, low cost, routine use NLR can be used for the prediction of severity of stroke and patients can be prioritised for specialised treatment thus reducing the mortality rates.
Stability Analysis of Pharmaceutical Preparations under Different Storage Conditions
Authors: Alanazi Abdulrahman Hamoud
Published: October 2024

The stability of pharmaceutical preparations is a critical factor affecting their efficacy, safety, and shelf life. Variations in storage conditions, including temperature, humidity, and light exposure, can significantly influence the physical and chemical properties of these preparations. This paper investigates the stability of pharmaceutical preparations under varying storage conditions, focusing on the degradation rate of active ingredients, physical changes, and the impact of packaging materials. Data collected from accelerated and long-term stability studies are analyzed to provide recommendations for optimal storage conditions. Keywords: Pharmaceutical stability, degradation, storage conditions, accelerated stability testing, temperature, humidity, light exposure, active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), tablets, solutions, suspensions, packaging materials, shelf life, refrigeration, photodegradation
Pharmacovigilance: An Ethical Issue for Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry, and Pharmacy?
Authors: Healy David
Published: October 2024

Pharmacovigilance helps determine when a treatment might cause novel or unintended effects. Patients, clinicians, regulators, and pharmaceutical companies have a stake in determining how the causality of treatment-induced effects should be established and when effects should be noted in settings from the academic literature to a medicine’s label. There have been different approaches to this task in different jurisdictions, with reporting to companies more common in the United States and reporting to regulators more common in Europe. Over time, pharmacovigilance has switched from being primarily a clinical enterprise to being a regulatory one, which has led to the elimination of the names of those suffering from an adverse event and the outsourcing of the job of recording the details of events to private companies, which appears likely to reduce the recognition of adverse events. This article calls for a restoration of clinical input on adverse events aimed at increasing reporting and recognition rates for important behavioral events.
Home Bias: Debiasing Techniques From Financial Planners’ Perspectives
Authors: Jugnandan Shreeya , Willows Gizelle D.
Published: October 2024

Financial planning literature has called for further efforts into understanding investor psychology. Financial planners have the capacity to enhance investor welfare through mitigation of behavioral biases. Thus, the perspectives of financial planners are an important voice in behavioral finance research. Research suggests that home bias remains prevalent and problematic. This research applies a qualitative, thematic analysis approach to understand how home bias has been practically managed by professional financial advisors, with data collected from financial planners in South Africa. Results suggest that strategies such as investing time in educating the client and using probing questions to nudge the client in the right direction were effective. Irrespective of the bias mitigation approach adopted, a strong relationship of trust is foundational to any debiasing activity.
Dereceli Puanlama Anahtarı Türünün Rutin Olmayan Matematik Problemlerinin Puanlanmasında Puanlayıcı Davranışları Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Onkun Özgür Esra , Karakaya İsmail
Published: October 2024

Bu araştırmada, rutin olmayan matematik problemlerinden oluşan matematik başarı testinin analitik ve bütünsel dereceli puanlama anahtarları (DPA) ile puanlanmasının puanlayıcı davranışları üzerine etkileri Çok Yüzeyli Rasch Ölçme Modeli ile incelenmiştir. Çalışma grubu, rutin olmayan matematik problemlerinden oluşan başarı testinin uygulandığı öğrenci grubu ve cevaplanan başarı testini değerlendiren puanlayıcılar olmak üzere iki farklı kısımdan oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, betimsel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanmış, 15 farklı rutin olmayan matematik probleminden oluşan başarı testi, iki farklı oturum şeklinde, iki günde öğrencilere uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları incelendiğinde, yapılan tüm puanlamalarda, puanlayıcı, birey ve madde yüzeylerinde model veri uyumunun sağlandığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca, bireylerin yetenek düzeylerine göre ayrıştığı ve maddelerin güçlük düzeylerinin farklı olduğu görülmüştür. Analitik DPA ile yapılan puanlamanın bütünsel DPA ile yapılan puanlamaya göre, puanlayıcı yüzeyi bakımından göreceli olarak daha güvenilir sonuçlar verdiği; puanlayıcı yüzeyleri karşılaştırıldığında ise, analitik DPA kullanılan puanlamalarda puanlayıcı katılık/cömertlik düzeylerinin, bütünsel DPA kullanılan puanlamalardan daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, analitik DPA kullanılan puanlamalar arasındaki uyumun, bütünsel DPA kullanılan puanlamalardan daha düşük olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Puanlayıcı davranışları incelendiğinde, bütünsel dereceli puanlama anahtarı kullanan puanlayıcılardan, analitik dereceli puanlama anahtarı kullanan puanlayıcılara göre puanlayıcı katılık ve cömertlik davranışları gösteren puanlayıcı sayısının daha fazla olduğu; yanlılık davranışlarının ise daha az olduğu belirlenmiştir.
ANALISIS ARGUMENTATION SKILLS SISWA MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN BERBASIS TOULMIN’S ARGUMENTATION MODEL SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN MUTU PEMBELAJARAN ABAD 21.
Authors: Jamiluddin Jamiluddin , Bahri Saiful , Zaini Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan instrument penilaian argumentasi yang berbasis toulmin’s argumentation untuk pembelajaran abad 21 menurut ahli dari guru, serta untuk mengetahui level kemampuan argumentasi siswa berdasarkan instrument toulmins argumentation. Pada penelitian,ini peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan model 4-D Thiangrajan dan Semmel (1974). Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan meliputi pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil temuan yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah argumentasi siswa berbasis pada format Toulmin argumentation dinyatakan layak oleh dosen sebagai validatornya dan dapat digunakan di dalam proses pembelajaran sebagai Upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran pada abad 21. Instrumen penilaian kemampuan argumentasi ini juga dinyatakan layak dan dalam kategori sangat baik oleh guru sebagai validatornya. Instrument ini juga dinyatakan dapat digunakan pada sekolah sebagai pelengkap pada kegiatan evaluasi di akhir pembelajaran khususnya dalam mengevaluasi kemampuan siswa dalam berargumentasi. Keberadaan instrument ini dianggap penting, karena dapat berperan sebagai instrument yang dapat menguji pemahaman siswa dalam berargumen baik dan sistematis.
 
Kata kunci: Argumetation Skills, Toulmins Argumentation, Peningkatan Mutu Pembelajaran Abad 21.
KARAKTERISTIK PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI KECAMATAN ENDE KABUPATEN ENDE
Authors: Pake Pius , Shofwan Moch
Published: October 2024

Kecamaan Ende merupakan salah satu wilayah kecamatan yang terletak di bagian utara Kota Ende yang memiliki luas 170,98 km2 dengan jumlah penduduk 17.208 jiwa. Kaakteristik penggunaan lahan di Kecamatan Ende dapat dilihat dari beberapa indikator  yakni, permkiman,perkebunan, hutan serta infrastruktur jalan.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik penggunaan lahan di Kecamatan Ende. Pengumpula data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan survei primer dan sekunder. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan tenik analisis persentase. Karakteristik penggunaan lahan di Kecamatan Ende didominasi oleh jenis penggunaan lahan hutan, dengan luas total mencapai 47,17 Km2 dengan persentase sebesar 77 %, penggunaan lahan perkebunan seluas 12,33 Km2 atau 20 %, dan yang terakhir jenis penggunan lahan permukiman seluas 1,60 Km2 atau 3 % dari total keseluruhan.Selain itu terdapat  inifrastruktur jalan sepanjang 220,32 Km dengan rincian Jalan Lingkungan sepanjang 191,51 Km, Jalan Lokal sepanjang 26,41 Km dan Jalan Kolektor sepanjang 2,40 Km.
A proposed Educational Strategy for Developing Technical Education at AL-Asmarrya Islamic University in Libya
Authors: Ajbarah Tahani Elrasheed Ahmed
Published: October 2024

The study aims to propose an educational strategy for reforming and developing technical education at Al-Asmarrya Islamic University, in Libya. The study used the Developmental Descriptive Approach, and data was collected through a questionnaire consisted of (30) items to measure the axes of technical education, (6) of them addressed the curriculum, while (7) items covered teaching staff, (7) for university administration, and (10) items concerned with financial capabilities and equipment. The study population consisted of all faculty members at Al-Asmarrya Islamic University, numbering (998), and a random sample estimated at (342) faculty members was chosen in intentional manner from four colleges, which are: (Engineering College, the College of Marine Resources, the College of Information Technology, and the College of Public Health & Nursing). The study found out the following results: The degree of expectation of the members of the study sample was (high), and the teaching staffs field came first, followed by the field of university administration, then financial capabilities and achievements, and finally the field of academic curriculum. In the light of this, an educational strategy was proposed to reform and develop technical education at Al-Asmarrya Islamic University in Libya. The study recommended for adoption by this University.
Knowledge Management in Saudi Universities and Its Utilization for Financial Resource Development: A Survey and Applied Study at Najran University
Authors: Arbab Dr.Noha Othman , Maghrabah Fahd Saleh Qasem , Alsofeiny Helal Mohammed Ail
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The study aims to explore knowledge management in Saudi Universities and its use in enhancing financial resources from the perspectives of leaders and faculty members at Najran University. Methodology: A descriptive-analytical documentary approach and a field survey were used with a questionnaire administered to a stratified random sample of (78) leaders, faculty members, and assistants at Najran University. Findings/Conclusions: Results indicate that knowledge management at Najran University is highly practiced overall. However, the survey shows limited investment of knowledge in financial resource development. Significant gender-based differences were found, favoring females, while no differences were observed based on college, job position, or experience. There remains a significant gap between knowledge management and its use in increasing university resources. Practical Implications: A strategy is needed to leverage intellectual capital in resource development by promoting innovations, utilizing patents, and research centers, transforming knowledge into commercial products, and establishing effective global marketing partnerships. Originality/Value: This study fills a theoretical literature gap and offers practical solutions to convert theoretical knowledge into economic commodities that benefit society, aiding in diversifying funding sources for Saudi, Arab, and developing country universities.
Training needs for developing blended learning skills and strategies among Arabic language teachers in public schools
Authors: Abdelsalam Fatima Ahmed Hassan
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to know the training needs for developing blended learning skills and strategies among Arabic language teachers in government schools. The researcher used the descriptive analytical approach. The study sample reached (265) male and female teachers of the Arabic language subject in government schools. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher prepared a questionnaire as a tool. The study consisted of (21) paragraphs. The study found that the training needs for developing blended learning skills and strategies among Arabic language teachers in government schools in Ma’an Governorate came in at a high level with an overall arithmetic average of (3.7775), as the results show that the paragraph: I provide students with some practical work through blended learning came in first place, where The arithmetic mean was (4.0852). The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the responses of Arabic language teachers regarding the training needs for developing blended learning skills and strategies due to the gender variable, while there were statistically significant differences due to variables of academic qualification and years of experience. Based on these results, the study recommended the need for teachers to develop the skills of designing and implementing.
Fault Feature Extraction of Rolling Bearing Based on Maximum Second-Order Cyclostationarity Blind Deconvolution and CEEMD-Teager
Authors: Ding Hongchang , Cheng Xinjie , Wang Kai , Pu Dewen , Liu Guangwei
Published: October 2024

The operation of rolling bearings is directly related to the reliability of the whole rotating machinery. If the rolling bearing failure cannot be diagnosed and repaired in time, it will probably lead to equipment shutdown. The feature extraction process is an important part of bearing fault diagnosis. Some existing feature extraction methods are sensitive to noise and interference, and cannot fully explore and characterize useful information in nonlinear and non-stationary signals in complex scenes, and sometimes even lose important information contained in the data, resulting in low diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, a new method combining Maximum Second-order Cyclostationarity Blind Deconvolution (CYCBD) and Complementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (CEEMD) was proposed for feature extraction of rolling bearing faults. Firstly, the cyclic frequency is set according to the failure frequency, and the original signal is filtered by CYCBD. Then, the filtered signal is decomposed into multiple Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF) by CEEMD, and the effective IMF components are selected by kurtosis criterion for reconstruction. Finally, the Teager energy operator is used to enhance the transient impact of the reconstructed signals. The results of simulation and comparison experiments show that the proposed method can extract bearing characteristics in different fault states more effectively, and the accuracy of network model diagnosis is improved compared with the traditional methods.
Audio Signal Recognition in Complex Environments Using Sparse Representation
Authors: Ren Xi
Published: October 2024

Recognizing audio signals in complex environments is crucial for acquiring adequate information. This paper integrates the sparse expression algorithm with Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) features. The combined approach was applied in convolutional neural network classifiers to recognize acoustic scenes in audio signals within complex environments. The algorithm was then simulated and tested using the TUT Sound Events 2016 and TUT Acoustic Scenes 2016 datasets. In the experiments, the efficacy of the developed sparse feature extraction method was validated. Then, the appropriate sparse dictionary size was determined. The algorithm was subsequently compared with two recognition algorithms based on sparse and MFCC features, respectively. It was found that the extraction approach proposed in this paper had a higher signal-to-noise ratio. The results revealed variations in the required sparse dictionary size for different datasets: 75 for TUT Sound Events 2016 and 150 for TUT Acoustic Scenes 2016. The MFCC-combined recognition algorithm demonstrated the fastest convergence during training among the three audio scene recognition algorithms. For both the TUT Sound Events 2016 and TUT Acoustic Scenes 2016 datasets, the MFCC-combined recognition algorithm achieved the highest classification accuracy, and the recognition accuracy for the former dataset was higher.
Sound Source Identification of Vehicle Noise Based on a Microphone Array With a Modified Multiple Signal Classification Algorithm
Authors: Wang Botong , Guo Hui , Chen Canfeng
Published: October 2024

In this paper, a modified multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm tailored for sound source identification (SSI) of vehicle noise is introduced and experimentally validated. A uniform planar microphone array (UPMA) is formulated for mathematical modeling, with its SSI-oriented parameters selected based on the primary frequency spectrum of vehicle noise. Simulations are conducted to compare the SSI accuracy of two conventional spatial spectra estimation (SSE) algorithms: the Capon algorithm and the MUSIC algorithm. The results demonstrate that the MUSIC algorithm, which relies on the eigenvalues of a covariance matrix to estimate signal direction, exhibits superior SSI resolution under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. However, it faces challenges in distinguishing between coherent or closely spaced signals. To address this, a modified MUSIC algorithm is proposed by reconstructing the covariance matrix of received signals and the SSE function. Simulation outcomes indicate that the modified MUSIC significantly outperforms the conventional version, owing to its enhanced SSI resolution. The accuracy of the SSI system, incorporating the UPMA and the modified MUSIC, is verified using a low-frequency volume source. Ultimately, the devised SSI system is successfully deployed to identify noise sources in a vehicle at different operational conditions, further validating the efficacy of the modified MUSIC. The UPMA and the modified MUSIC presented in this study have direct applicability in vehicle noise source identification and may be extended to other sound-related engineering fields for SSI purposes.
Damage Quantification Using Mode Converted Guided Wave Based 1D Damage-Spectral Element
Authors: Patnaik M.N. Murthy , Renji K. , Nagendra Gopal K.V.
Published: October 2024

Quantifying the sizes of the damages in structures using guided waves is an emerging technology. It needs a suitable mathematical model that represents the behavior of the guided waves as they travel through the structure. Though finite element based theoretical models can provide insight into the behavior, they are computationally very costly. Spectral element is a promising solution in this regard. Quantifying the damage using a mode-converted wave based spectral element has not been reported yet. In this work, a spectral element that represents the characteristics of wave propagation, scattering and mode conversion caused by asymmetric notch-type damage in an isotropic waveguide is presented. This frequency domain damage-spectral element is formulated through a combination of three structural waveguides by enforcing appropriate force equilibrium conditions. The spectral element is able to represent the wave scattering and mode conversion due to the presence of the damage. This spectral element is employed in analyzing the wave propagation in a beam that has damage and the characteristics obtained are in agreement with the results expected based on time-of-flight calculations and those obtained using the finite element method. The relation between the depth of the damage and the magnitude of the mode-converted wave for notch-type damage is established using this spectral element and compared with the experimental result. Usage of the same spectral element in quantifying the length of the damage based on the reflections of the primary propagating wave from the damage ends is also demonstrated.
Slow Sound Phenomena Caused by Frame Shrinkage in Square Frame Acoustic Metafluid
Authors: Pei Dongliang , Cui Zixian , Xiang Ping , Ding Xiaodong , Chu Yangyang
Published: October 2024

The present study investigates the equivalent bulk modulus and density of square frame underwater acoustic metafluid (AMF) cells with four distinct frame forms. It is observed that, besides frame thickness, a certain degree of shrinkage at the center of the frame also influences the equivalent parameters of cells. Specifically, this shrinkage leads to a decrease in the equivalent volume modulus and an increase in the equivalent density, ultimately resulting in the slow sound velocity phenomenon of the cell. The frame shrinkage causes part of the air to be replaced, resulting in an increase in density. At the same time, it makes the cell more prone to ``shrink and expand'' type volume deformation, resulting in the reduction of volume modulus. Finally, an impedance-matched slow sound velocity (0.5 times) metafluid cell is designed by frame shrinkage and verified by analyzing the transmission effect of a waveguide containing 20 cells and the sound pressure distribution at different positions in the waveguide.
Preparation and identification of oxidatin derivaties for Salts and acids of bile for medical uses
Authors: Daher Saadi M. , Al-Rawi Anis M. A , Abbas Salma A. R.
Published: October 2024

The purified prepared compounds were identified through different methods of identification i.e, I.R, UV-vi^ble-spectroscopy in addition to (coloured tests) Calculation of the sum of OH groups. TLC techniques were also used to test the purity and the speed ofthe rate of flow (RF).
The relationship between the levels of total sialic acid and complement proteins, C 3 and C 4, in the chemotherapy-untreated and –treated patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Abid Haider S. , Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Al-Zaidy Majid S.J.
Published: October 2024

جمعت عينات الدم من مرضى ابيضاض الدم اللمفاوي الحاد ( ALL ) المعالجين وغير المعالجين بالعلاج الكيميائي. تم تحليل العينات بالنسبة لمستويات حامض السياليك الكلي ( TSA ) وبروتينات المتمم C3 و C4 في مصل الدم فضلاً عن مستويات  TSA في مجانس خلايا الدم البيض . شهدت مجموعة المرضى غير المعالجين ارتفاعاً معنوياً في مستوى TSA في المصل ومجانس الخلايا البيض بالمقارنة مع عينة السيطرة . لوحظت زيادة معنوية مشابهة في مستويات C3 و C4 في المصل . شهدت مجموعة المرضى المعالجين انخفاضاً معنوياً في مستوى TSA في المصل ومجانس الخلايا البيض ، بينما لوحظ انخفاض غير معنوي في مستويات C3 و C4 في المصل لهذه المجموعة وذلك عند مقارنتها مع مجموعة المرضى غير المعالجين . أظهر تحليل معامل الارتباط عدم وجود ارتباط معنوي بين مستويات TSA وبروتينات المتمم في مصل الدم لكل من الاشخاص السليمين والمرضى غير المعالجين والمرضى المعالجين . لذلك تقترح هذه النتائج انه بالرغم من السلوك المتشابه ظاهرياً لمستويات TSA وبروتينات المتمم قبل وبعد العلاج الكيميائي الا ان TSA لا يمكن استخدامه كمؤشر لمراقبة مستويات بروتينات المتمم استجابةً للعلاج الكيميائي.