bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low-carbon economic dispatch of integrated electricity and natural gas energy system considering carbon capture device
Authors: Liu Xinghua , Li Xiang , Tian Jiaqiang , Cao Hui
Published: November 2021

The carbon capture device can catch CO2 produced by conventional units and coupled with power-to-gas (P2G) operation provides an effective way to reduce the carbon emissions of the integrated energy system (IES). In this paper, a low-carbon economic dispatch is proposed for an integrated electricity-gas system (IEGS) considering carbon capture devices, and the carbon trading mechanism is introduced. Based on the traditional thermal power units, carbon capture devices are installed to form carbon capture power plants (CCPP). Carbon emissions are reduced from the energy supply side via capturing CO2 generated by conventional units. Detailed modeling of IEGS, CCPP, and P2G are performed, respectively. The electricity and natural gas networks security constraints are incorporated into the low-carbon economic dispatch model to minimize carbon transaction costs and system operation costs. Finally, a 4-bus power system/4-node natural gas system is used, for example, analysis. The arithmetic simulation is performed by the YALMIP toolbox of MATLAB. The total costs and CO2 emissions of the three scenarios are compared. The feasibility and validity of the proposed model are verified by the simulated results.
An experimental and simulation study of the flow pattern characteristics of water jet impingements in boreholes
Authors: Gao Yabin , Xiang Xin , Li Ziwen , Guo Xiaoya , Han Peizhuang
Published: November 2021

Hydraulic slotting has become one of the most common technologies adopted to increase permeability in low permeability in coal field seams. There are many factors affecting the rock breaking effects of water jets, among which the impact force cannot be ignored. To study the influencing effects of contact surface shapes on jet flow patterns and impact force, this study carried out experiments involving water jet impingement planes and boreholes under different pressure conditions. The investigations included numerical simulations under solid boundary based on gas–liquid coupling models and indoor experiments under high-speed camera observations. The results indicated that when the water jets impinged on different contact surfaces, obvious reflection flow occurred, and the axial velocity had changed through three stages during the development process. Moreover, the shapes of the contact surfaces, along with the outlet pressure, were found to have impacts on the angles and velocities of the reflected flow. The relevant empirical formulas were summarized according to this study's simulation results. In addition, the flow patterns and shapes of the contact surfaces were observed to have influencing effects on the impact force. An impact force model was established in this study based on the empirical formula, and the model was verified using both the simulation and experimental results. It was confirmed that the proposed model could provide important references for the optimization of the technical parameters water jet systems, which could provide theoretical support for the further intelligent and efficient transformation of coal mine drilling water jet technology.
Inclusive masculinity and Czechia youth
Authors: Chvatík Viktor , Hardwicke Jack , Anderson Eric
Published: November 2021

In this, the first investigation of inclusive masculinities among 18- to 19-year-old Czech students, the authors interviewed 19 participants from a rural part of the country. The purpose of this research was to identify attitudes of young, rural, Czech men toward homosexuality and examine for perceived generational difference compared to men who emerged under communism. Results showed evidence of inclusive masculinities for these rural youth based in three principal categories: (1) positive attitudes toward homosexuality; (2) openness to a bromance with a gay male (dependent on gender typicality); and (3) perceived generational differences in gay acceptance compared to their parents’ generation. Overall, results therefore show that young men in this rural part of Czechia are enacting more inclusive forms of masculinity than possible under communist rule.
Anesthetic management of thoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection with a giant tracheal diverticulum in the carina: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Huang Xiao , Sun Yuan , Lin Dandan , Wei Changewi , Wu Anshi , Gao Chao
Published: November 2021

A tracheal diverticulum (TD) is a rare disease that is usually diagnosed as an incidental finding on thoracic computed tomography or bronchoscopy. TDs can be classified as congenital or acquired. In patients undergoing surgery, TDs can result in difficult intubation, difficult ventilation, pneumothorax, and other complications. We herein report a case of anesthetic management of thoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection in a patient with a giant TD in the carina. Intraoperative double-lumen intubation and single-lung ventilation were challenging to perform. Fiberoptic-guided intubation was helpful, and intraoperative management was tailored to avoid diverticulum rupture. In this report, we also review complications related to TD in surgical patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. Ventilation is one of the most prominent anesthetic challenges. The close collaboration of the entire medical team was a key factor in the successful management of this rare case.
The Statue of a Sistrum-Player in Montrose and Her Position in an Early Ptolemaic Theban Priestly Family
Authors: Potter Daniel M
Published: November 2021

This article is the publication of an indurated limestone standing statue, now in Montrose Museum (ANGUSalive M1980.4578), identified as a Sistrum-player. The statue was collected in 1834 by Dr James Burnes IV, a relative of the Scottish poet Robert Burns, during a journey from India to Scotland. Stylistic features of the statue and its inscription are discussed here for the first time. Her family tree is also reconstructed based on known objects in international collections, restoring her to an important Theban priestly family of the early Ptolemaic Period, which is the largest yet proposed family tree for this group. This is followed by a discussion of the attested individuals.
New Insights into Papyrus Millingen and the Reception History of The Teaching of Amenemhat
Authors: Geoga Margaret
Published: November 2021

This article examines Papyrus Millingen, an important but now-lost manuscript of The Teaching of Amenemhat. The papyrus survives today in a nineteenth century facsimile, which was last published in black and white photographs in 1963. This article presents new color photographs of the facsimile, along with hieroglyphic transcription and philological commentary, which discusses not only the text but also what the facsimile’s paratextual features suggest about the ancient and modern copying processes. P. Millingen’s version of Amenemhat is contextualized within the full corpus of surviving copies of the poem. The article proposes several possible social contexts for the manuscript’s production and usage and considers the impact of those contexts, along with broader cultural trends of the Eighteenth Dynasty, on the papyrus owner’s reception of Amenemhat.
Health geographies 1: Unlearning privilege
Authors: Wiles Janine
Published: November 2021

Cultural safety means transforming systems and practices to enable different ways of knowing, providing a shift in our lens of inquiry – so that it includes privilege and advantage as well as the more common foci of disadvantage and exclusion. It is almost three decades since Isabel Dyck and Robin Kearns asserted the need to address these issues in health geography. Given the length of time that has passed since their suggestion, in this report, I pick up their challenge around cultural safety in relation to health geographies and explore how far we have come. In doing so, I highlight recent health geography work which exemplifies this individually and systemically transformative approach. I focus on how understanding and addressing privilege offers a helpful sensitising framework for health geographies and point to the barriers and the opportunities embracing this approach offer.
An initial evaluation of research data management online training at the University of New South Wales
Authors: Chew Adrian W , Oo Cherry Zin , Wong Adeline LH , Gladding Joanne
Published: November 2021

In response to low research data management engagement at the University of New South Wales, Australia, an introductory research data management online training was developed and rolled out to all newly enrolled Higher Degree Research candidates. This article outlines the development process of the research data management online training and provides an initial evaluation of the training from the perspectives of the candidates and the university. As such, this article joins up with existing literature on research data management training to assist institutions and research data management stakeholders with the development of research data management training to help researchers and research students enact research data management best practices. Overall, the majority of the candidates ( n = 643) were satisfied with the quality of the training and found it helpful. The benefits the training brought to the university are mapped out by linking institutional research data management problems, the research data management online training’s design and findings into a coherent narrative.
The Lateral Femoral Condyle Index Is Not a Risk Factor for Primary Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
Authors: Nowak Emma K. , Beaulieu Mélanie L. , Beynnon Bruce D. , Ashton-Miller James A. , Sturnick Daniel R. , Wojtys Edward M.
Published: November 2021

Background:

The lateral femoral condyle index (LFCI)—a recently developed measure of the sphericity of the lateral femoral condyle—was reported to be a risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, issues have been raised regarding how the index was measured and regarding the patient group and the knee in which it was measured.

Purpose:

To investigate the association between the LFCI and the risk of sustaining a primary, noncontact ACL injury, and to examine whether this association was moderated by the posterior-inferior–directed slope of the lateral tibial plateau.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A secondary analysis was conducted of deidentified magnetic resonance images of the uninjured knees of 86 athletes with ACL injury and the corresponding knees of 86 control athletes, matched for sports team, sex, and age. From those images, we measured the LFCI and the posterior-inferior–directed slope of the middle region articular cartilage surface of the tibial plateau’s lateral compartment. Conditional logistic regressions were performed to determine whether the LFCI was significantly associated with ACL injury risk and whether the lateral tibial compartment middle cartilage slope moderated this association. Data were analyzed for female and male participants separately as well as for both groups combined.

Results:

The LFCI was not found to be significantly associated with experiencing a primary, noncontact ACL injury for all analyses. The lateral tibial slope measure was not found to moderate the association between the LFCI and ACL injury. A conditional logistic regression analysis using the LFCI data of the injured knees, instead of the uninjured knees, of the participants with ACL injury revealed that the LFCI was significantly associated with ACL injury.

Conclusion:

In this population of athletically active female and male participants, the LFCI was not found to be a risk factor for noncontact ACL injury, regardless of the geometric features of the lateral tibial slope.
Femoral Positioning of the Anterolateral Ligament Graft With and Without Ultrasound Location of the Lateral Epicondyle
Authors: Castoldi Marie , Cavaignac Marie , Marot Vincent , Reina Nicolas , Mouarbes Dany , Berard Emilie , Cavaignac Etienne
Published: November 2021

Background:

In anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with anterolateral ligament (ALL) reconstruction, precise positioning of the ALL graft on the femur and tibia is key to achieve rotational control. The lateral femoral epicondyle is often used as a reference point for positioning of the ALL graft and can be located by palpation or with ultrasound guidance.

Purpose:

To compare the ALL graft positioning on the femoral side between an ultrasound-guided technique and a palpation technique for the location of the lateral epicondyle.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

A total of 120 patients receiving a primary combined ACL and ALL reconstruction between June and December 2019 were included. The location of the lateral epicondyle was determined by palpation in the palpation group (n = 60) and with preoperative ultrasound guidance in the ultrasound group (n = 60). Groups were comparable in age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and operated side. The planned positioning of the femoral ALL graft was proximal and posterior to the lateral epicondyle. The effective positioning of the femoral ALL graft was evaluated on postoperative lateral radiographs. The primary outcome was location of the graft in a 10-mm quadrant posterior and proximal to the lateral epicondyle. Results were analyzed in 2 subgroups according to BMI.

Results:

All 60 anterolateral grafts (100%) in the ultrasound group were positioned in a 10-mm quadrant posterior and proximal to the lateral epicondyle, as opposed to 52 (87%) in the palpation group ( P = .006). Errors in graft positioning with palpation occurred in overweight patients (BMI >25) as well as nonoverweight patients ( P = .3).

Conclusion:

Femoral positioning of the ALL graft posterior and proximal to the lateral epicondyle is more reproducible with ultrasound guidance when compared with palpation alone, regardless of BMI.
Book review: Arundhati C. Khandkar and Ashok C. Khandkar, Swimming Upstream: Laxmanshastri Joshi and the Evolution of Modern India
Authors: Rai Santosh Kumar
Published: November 2021

Arundhati C. Khandkar and Ashok C. Khandkar, Swimming Upstream: Laxmanshastri Joshi and the Evolution of Modern India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2019, xxiv + 193 pp., ₹1,195, ISBN: 9780199495153 (Hardback).
Book review: Pankaj Jha, Political History of Literature: Vidyapati and the Fifteenth Century
Authors: Singh Dhrub Kumar
Published: November 2021

Pankaj Jha, Political History of Literature: Vidyapati and the Fifteenth Century, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2019, 304 pp., ₹1,095, ISBN: 9780199489558.
Book review: Annamaria Motrescu-Mayes and Marcus Banks (eds.), Visual Histories of South Asia
Authors: Upadhyay Rakesh Kumar
Published: November 2021

Annamaria Motrescu-Mayes and Marcus Banks (eds.), Visual Histories of South Asia (Forward by Christopher Pinney), Delhi: Primus Books, 2018, xxviii + 314 pp., ₹1,495, ISBN: 9789386552440 (Hardback).
Too Scared to Go Sick: Precarious Academic Work and ‘Presenteeism Culture’ in the UK Higher Education Sector During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hadjisolomou Anastasios , Mitsakis Fotios , Gary Steven
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the story of Steven, a precarious academic worker, and his decision to work from home while being infected with Covid-19; a phenomenon called virtual presenteeism. As argued, Steven’s sickness presence is the outcome of the increasing precarity and job insecurity in the sector, as well as the outcome of a presenteeism culture in academia which is being facilitated by technology and the blended learning approach adopted during the pandemic. The article outlines precarious academic workers’ fear to go off sick, illustrating how Steven negotiates the precarity of his contract via virtual presenteeism to portray over-commitment to the institution and avoid the risk of job loss. As concluded, while blended learning becomes the new educational norm in higher education, virtual presenteeism risks becoming the new attendance norm. This article calls for more research to examine how the blended teaching approach will further impact on academic work, post-pandemic.
Axioms for defeat in democratic elections
Authors: Holliday Wesley H. , Pacuit Eric
Published: November 2021

We propose six axioms concerning when one candidate should defeat another in a democratic election involving two or more candidates. Five of the axioms are widely satisfied by known voting procedures. The sixth axiom is a weakening of Kenneth Arrow’s famous condition of the Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives (IIA). We call this weakening Coherent IIA. We prove that the five axioms plus Coherent IIA single out a method of determining defeats studied in our recent work: Split Cycle. In particular, Split Cycle provides the most resolute definition of defeat among any satisfying the six axioms for democratic defeat. In addition, we analyze how Split Cycle escapes Arrow’s impossibility theorem and related impossibility results.
Micro-structure and self-lubricant properties of powder mixed electrical discharge metal matrix composite coating
Authors: Arun Ilangovan , Yuvaraj C , Sivakumar A , Thamizhmanii S
Published: November 2021

In present exploration, Electric Discharge Alloying/Coating (EDA/C) is made over duplex stainless steel as alloying elements of nickel, graphite, copper (electrode) and pyrolysis carbon from oil together with substrate material results in metal matrix composite coating. Coating possess average hardness value of 1018 HV 0.5 four times higher and lowered specific wear rate of 1.18 × 10−5 mm3/N m with an improved average friction coefficient of 0.3 through Pin on Disc (POD) wear tester. Metallurgical properties of the coating are analysed through surface topography by 3D optical profilometer, coating microstructure over and across with elemental distribution are identified by electron microscope (SEM) attached with Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Phase transform from δ and γ of cementite with meta stable iron carbide appeared as austenitic structure are identified through Electron Probe Micro Analyser (EPMA) and by X-ray diffraction. This meta stable carbides together with alloying elements provides improved tensile and bonding strength at room temperature were else copper controls further phase transformation. Copper shows stick slip at lower loading up to 40 N then restores in temperature arises during frictional contacts makes carbon and carbide to plasticity state under room temperature provides self-lubricant properties.
A review on materials and processes for carbon dioxide separation and capture
Authors: Maniarasu R , Rathore Sushil Kumar , Murugan S.
Published: November 2021

In today’s world, owing to industrial expansion, urbanization, the rapid growth of the human population, and the high standard of living, the utilization of the most advanced technologies is unavoidable. The enhanced anthropogenic activities worldwide result in a continuous increase in global warming potential, thereby raising a global concern. The constant rise in global warming potential forces the world to mitigate greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is considered as the primary contributor responsible for global warming and climatic changes. The global anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions released into the atmosphere can eventually deteriorate the environment and endanger the ecosystem. Combating global warming is one of the main challenges in achieving sustainable development. Carbon capture and storage is a potential solution to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions. There are three main methods for carbon capture and storage: post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion. Among them, post-combustion is used in thermal power plants and industrial sectors, all of which contribute a significant amount of carbon dioxide. Different techniques such as physical and chemical absorption, physical and chemical adsorption, membrane separation, and cryogenic distillation used for carbon capture are thoroughly discussed and presented. Currently, there are various materials including absorbents, adsorbents, and membranes used in carbon dioxide capture. Still, there is a search for new and novel materials and processes for separating and capturing carbon dioxide. This review article provides a comprehensive review of different methods, techniques, materials, and processes used for separating and capturing carbon dioxide from significant stationary point sources.
Translating science into practice in clinical psychology: A reformulation of the evidence-based practice inquiry model
Authors: Ward Tony , Haig Brian D. , McDonald Max
Published: November 2021

The model of evidence-based practice (EBP) directs clinicians to integrate the best available research evidence, clinical expertise, client preferences and values, and social and cultural factors in the assessment and treatment of psychological problems. Despite its many strengths, the five-step inquiry component of the EBP model suffers from several conceptual and practical problems that make it difficult to implement in practice. In this article, we first outline the transdisciplinary EBP model. Second, several criticisms of the overall EBP model are outlined and briefly discussed. Third, five pressing problems in the inquiry component of the EBP model are identified: (a) information overload, (b) a focus on questions rather than tasks, (c) neglect of theory, (d) difficulty dealing with conflicting evidence, and (e) an oversimplified view of the role of values in research and practice. Fourth, we suggest ways of modifying the inquiry part of the model to address these problems.
The effect of mesocarbon microbeads on magnetorheological fluid behavior
Authors: Pierce Rebecca , Choi Young-Tai , Wereley Norman M
Published: November 2021

Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are composed of magnetizeable particles suspended in a carrier fluid and change apparent viscosity upon the application of a magnetic field. Previous studies have shown that passive particles, such as hollow glass spheres, can augment the yield stress of MR fluids, but this yield stress augmentation has limited endurance because the hollow glass microspheres are not sufficiently durable. This study evaluates mesocarbon microbeads (MCMBs) as an alternative passive particle with the potential for MR yield force augmentation but with greater durability. The yield properties of six MR fluid concentrations with varying carbonyl iron particle (CIP) and MCMB volume fractions were tested using a shear mode rheometer and flow mode MR damper. MCMBs did not augment yield stress in shear mode, but, in contrast, in flow mode, the yield force increased nonlinearly with MCMB volume fraction. Furthermore, this yield force-enhancing effect did not diminish over 100,000 cycles (or 5 km of piston travel). The theoretical non-dimensional plug thickness which arises from an approximate parallel plate analysis of a fluid element in flow mode is used illustrate to a potential mechanism for the yield force augmentation effect.
Forgotten Front Line: Understanding the Needs of Unionized Home Health Aides in Downstate New York During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Pinto Sanjay , Ma Chenjuan , Wiggins Faith , Ecker Sarah , Obodai Michael , Sterling Madeline
Published: November 2021

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, home health aides (HHAs) provided daily medical and personal care to community-dwelling older adults and those with chronic conditions. Prior qualitative studies have found that providing care during COVID-19 left HHAs susceptible to physical, financial, and emotional risks. However, limited quantitative data exist The objective of this study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on HHAs and to understand the challenges and opportunities for current and future pandemic planning. A cross-sectional survey of 256 HHAs in the downstate New York region was conducted by telephone in English, French Creole, Chine, Spanish, and Russian between August and November 2020. The survey found that HHAs experienced a variety of physical, financial, and emotional challenges during COVID-19. To better support this work force, action by public health officials and policymakers is warranted, particularly with respect to workplace protections and safety, mental health, compensation, and access to basic resources.
Confronting and Coping with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Life Experiences in Thailand
Authors: Numpong Samorn , Kengganpanich Mondha , Kaewkungwal Jaranit , Pan-ngum Wirichada , Silachamroon Udomsak , Kasetjaroen Yuthichai , Lawpoolsri Saranath
Published: November 2021

In this article, we aimed to understand the life experiences of Thai persons diagnosed with multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). A qualitative study using a face-to-face in-depth interview was conducted at a hospital in Thailand which has the highest prevalence of MDR-TB in the country between January and February 2019. Twenty persons living with MDR-TB in Thailand were purposively selected to represent a variety of experiences based on different gender, ages, and treatment phases. Qualitative data were transcribed and thematic analysis was applied to identify common themes and sub-themes. The results indicated that all participants faced emotional difficulties, such as fear of death, fear of stigmatization, confusion, and sadness when first knowing of their diagnosis. Family and social support were the main ways that the patients coped with difficult situations. Suicidal ideas were more prevalent among patients with poor family support. Screening for mental health problems should be routinely performed in MDR-TB patients. Proper health education should be provided to patients and families to reduce emotional difficulties and stigmatization.
Social Interactions While Grieving Suicide Loss: A Qualitative Review of 58 Studies
Authors: Sajan Maria , Kakar Kriti , Majid Umair
Published: November 2021

The effects of suicide are both widespread and long-lasting in the lives of those closest to the deceased. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), suicide is the third leading cause of death in adolescents. Some research has shown that families who lose someone to suicide are at a higher risk of complicated grief compared to those bereaving from other types of losses. These risks may be emphasized given the socio-cultural context surrounding suicide that may problematize the grieving process. In this review, we analyzed 58 qualitative studies describing the experiences of family who lost someone to suicide. We discuss how negative social interactions due to cultural views towards suicide impacted their grieving process. We provide an integrative interpretation of the experiences of family who lost someone to suicide across the following themes: social withdrawal, family communication approaches, role change, cultural attitudes, the role of professional support, interactions with health care providers, and interactions with religious institutions. We examine these findings using the Assumptive World Theory which proposes that humans seek preservation of their reality by using their perceptions of the past to establish expectations for the future. We find that suicide loss is an experience that challenges people's assumptive worlds; suicide loss can be an unexpected trauma that can have a “shock effect” on the assumptive worlds of the bereaved. The assumptive worlds of relatives grieving suicide loss face unique challenges compared to other forms of bereavement because of ambiguity in social norms surrounding suicide that influence interactions.
Molecular targeted therapy for advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Yuan Jin , Li Xiaoyang , Yu Shengji
Published: November 2021

Soft tissue sarcomas are a form of rare and heterogeneous neoplasms with high recurrence rate and mortality. Over the past decades, less progress has been achieved. Surgical management with or without adjuvant/neoadjuvant radiotherapy is still the first-line treatment for localized soft tissue sarcomas, and chemotherapy is the additional option for those with high-risk. However, not all patients with advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcomas benefit from conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapy takes the most relevant role in the management of those resistant to or failed to conventional chemotherapy. Heterogeneous soft tissue sarcomas vary from biological behavior, genetic mutations, and clinical presentation with a low incidence, indicating the future direction of histotype-based even molecule-based personalized therapy. Furthermore, increasing preclinical studies were carried out to investigate the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets of soft tissue sarcomas and increasing new drugs have been developed in recent years, which had started opening new doors for clinical treatment for patients with advanced/metastatic soft tissue sarcomas. Here we sought to summarize the concise characteristics and advance in the targeted therapy for the most common subtypes of soft tissue sarcomas.
Measuring the Effects of the Shape Your Life Project on the Mental and Physical Health Outcomes of Survivors of Gender-Based Violence
Authors: Gammage Kimberly L. , van Ingen Cathy , Angrish Kirina
Published: November 2021

Little is known regarding the types of physical activity interventions most effective in supporting the mental and physical health of woman-identified survivors of gender-based violence. This study measured the experiences of 56 participants who participated in a 14-week trauma-informed, noncontact boxing program once per week for 90 min. Participants completed measures of health-related outcomes including physical and mental health, quality of life, mastery, resilience, self-esteem, physical self-efficacy, social conflict, and financial strain at baseline, program midpoint, and program end. Analyses of variance showed significant improvements for all indicators measured except financial strain, demonstrating viability and effectiveness of this program.
Comparative Assessment of Platinum Salts and Taxane Group Hypersensitivity Reactions, The Role of Skin Tests in Diagnosis?
Authors: Terzioğlu Kadriye , Ayhan Murat
Published: November 2021

Purpose

We aimed to investigate the role of skin tests (ST) in the diagnosis of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) with platinum salts (PS) and taxane (TX) groups drugs and their reliability in patient management.

Materials and Method

Patients' data who developed immediate HSR with PS and TX were recorded and ST was performed. The gradual challenge was applied to all patients with ST negative and grade 1–2 with the suspect drug.

Results

In total, the data of 104 patients (74 with PS, 30 with TX) who developed HSR against PS and TX were shared. The gradual challenge was applied to 72 ST negative and grade 1–2 patients (46 PS group, 26 TX group). The gradual challenge was negative in 39 patients in the PS group and 23 patients in the Tx group. The negative predictive value (NPV) for PS was 83% and NPV for TX was 88%. We found significantly higher skin test positivity in patients with PS and TX and grade 3 HSR ( p = 0.007, p = 0.001). A significant correlation was found between skin test positivity and early onset of symptoms ( p = 0.001 for PS, p = 0.015 for TX). In terms of symptoms witnessed in HSR, we observed the itching, urticaria, hypotension, syncope, and abdominal pain symptoms significantly more in the group with a positive skin test ( p < 0.024, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.002, and p < 0.025, respectively).

Conclusions

We found very high NPV values for PS and TX. We found that the gradual challenge applied to patients with negative skin tests is reliable if Grade 3 HSR is not observed and with this approach, unnecessary desensitization processes and/or drug alterations can be avoided.
Vulnerability Identification of Hajiabad Plain Aquifer: The DRASTIC Model and the GIS-Based Fuzzy Logic Method
Authors: Hassanzadeh Mehrdad , Momeni Reghabadi Mehdi , Robati Amir
Published: November 2021

Hajiabad plain with an area of about 158 km2 is located about 160 km north of Bandar Abbas in Iran. Due to the significance of this plain in terms of agricultural and drinking water supply in the region and the declining groundwater level in the region, the withdrawal of water resources has been prohibited in recent years. The purpose of this study is to determine the vulnerability of the aquifer using the DRASTIC model and the optimal method of fuzzy logic as well as the drastic method calibrated with nitrate. Finally, the final vulnerability maps were calibrated with EC values. In order to investigate the hydrogeochemical properties of groundwater resources of the plain, 26 water samples were collected from designated points in different periods of the water year 2018. Water samples were analyzed in Hormozgan soil and water laboratory. Also, the results of water sample data analyzed by Hormozgan Regional Water Organization were used. Assessment of aquifer vulnerability based on vulnerability models showed that the east and parts of the center of the plain were subject to the highest vulnerability, while the southern, southwestern, and northern slopes of the plain were of the lowest vulnerability. The determined coefficients between nitrate and DRASTIC vulnerability models and fuzzy optimization were estimated to be 0.41 and 0.36, respectively. Nitrate concentration validation demonstrated that the vulnerabilities of Hajiabad plain aquifer were almost similar under both drastic model and fuzzy optimization methods.
Maize Yield and Water Use Efficiency Under Different Irrigation Levels and Furrow Irrigation Methods in Semiarid, Tropical Region
Authors: Bayisa Gobena D. , Hordofa Tilahun , Tezera Ketema , Tesfaye Abera , Ashame Gebeyehu , Wondimu Tatek
Published: November 2021

Water scarcity is the major limiting factor of agricultural production and productivity in the central rift valley of Ethiopia. Best use of limited water is necessary through water conservation practices. Field experiments were conducted during the dry cropping seasons of 2016 and 2017 on clay loam soil at experimental farm of Melkassa Agricultural Research Centre to evaluate the impact of irrigated furrow methods and deficit irrigation applications on maize (Zea mays) yield and water use efficiency. The study involved three furrow irrigation methods (conventional, fixed, and alternate furrow irrigation) and three irrigation application levels (100%ETc, 75%ETc, and 50%ETc). Furrow irrigation system as main plot and irrigation levels as sub-plot were arranged in split plot design with three randomized complete blocks each year. Greatest yield was obtained under conventional furrow irrigation supplied with 100%ETc of water. Water use efficiency under the same treatment was lesser and shows no significant difference with fixed furrow irrigation and 50%ETc application. Greatest water use efficiency of maize was obtained from alternate furrow irrigation under 75%ETc application and showed no significant difference with 100%ETc application. However, grain yield reduction under 75%ETc applications was very much higher than 100%ETc application. Water saved as a result of 100ETc and 75%ETc applications were 50% and 62.5%, respectively. Therefore, scheduling irrigation time for maize in the central rift valley of Ethiopia and similar semiarid environments could be 100%ETc or 75%ETc application using alternate furrow irrigation. The 75%ETc application has an advantage over 100%ETc applications in saving more water and hence could be applied when water availability is severely limited.
Vaccination programs for children aged up to 18 years in Europe, 2020
Authors: Effraimidou Evgnosia , Cassimos Dimitrios C , Medic Snezana , Topalidou Maria , Theodoridou Maria , Maltezou Helena C
Published: November 2021

Although all European countries have vaccination policies for children, there are no comprehensive studies of pediatric vaccination programs in Europe. We studied vaccination programs for children in Europe. Vaccinations against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis B, measles, mumps, rubella, and influenza existed in 42 countries, against human papilloma virus in 41 countries, and against pneumococcus in 40 countries. In addition, the following vaccinations existed: against tuberculosis (35 countries), hepatitis A (33), meningococcus A, C, W, Y (30), rotavirus and varicella (28 countries each), meningococcus B (24), tick-born encephalitis (22), and meningococcus C (16). Mandatory vaccinations are implemented in 21 countries, mainly against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, H. influenzae type b, hepatitis B, measles, mumps, rubella, tuberculosis, and pneumococcus. There are significant differences among pediatric vaccination programs in Europe regarding number, schedules, indications, and regulatory frame (recommended or mandatory vaccinations). A consensus-based vaccination program for all children is needed.
Circulating microRNAs are associated with variability in fasting blood glucose over 12-months and target pathways related to type 2 diabetes: A pilot study
Authors: Flowers Elena , Allen Isabel E , Kanaya Alka M , Aouizerat Bradley E
Published: November 2021

Introduction

MicroRNAs (miRs) may be important regulators of risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Circulating miRs may provide information about which individuals are at risk for T2D. The purpose of this study was to assess longitudinal associations between circulating miR expression and variability in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and to identify miR-targeted genes and biological pathways.

Methods

Variability in FBG was estimated using standard deviation from participants ( n = 20) in a previously completed yoga trial. Expression of 402 miRs was measured using hydrogel particle lithography. MirTarBase was used to identify mRNAs, and miRPathDB was used to identify pathways targeted by differentially expressed miRs.

Results

Six circulating miRs (miR-192, miR-197, miR-206, miR-424, miR-486, and miR-93) were associated with variability in FBG and targeted 143 genes and 23 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Six mRNAs ( AKT1, CCND1, ESR1, FASN, SMAD7, and VEGFA) were targeted by at least two miRs and four of those were located in miR-targeted KEGG pathways.

Conclusions

Circulating miRs are associated with variability in FBG in individuals at risk for T2D. Further studies are needed to determine whether miRs may be prodromal biomarkers that can identify which individuals are at greatest risk to progress to T2D and which biological pathways underlie this risk.
Oral Chinese Patent Medicine Combined With Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy Regimen for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tang Mo , He Bin , Zhai Jiawei , Wang Lei
Published: November 2021

Objective:

To access the comparative effectiveness and safety of different oral Chinese patent medicine (OCPM) versus oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy regimen (C) alone for colorectal cancer (CRC) through network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods:

Several electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concentrated on the use of OCPM to treat CRC with C from the inception of the databases to January 10, 2021. We performed frequentist NMA and indirect comparison to compare study outcomes from the included RCTs. The risk of bias of each study was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Confidence in evidence was assessed using Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis (CINeMA).

Results:

A total of 31 RCTs with 1985 participants comparing 10 OCPM, namely, Antike (ATK), Shenyi (SY), Huachansu (HCS), Boerning (BEN), Xiaoaiping (XAP), Jinlong (JL), Compound matrine (CC), Pingxiao (PX), Xihuang pill (XHW), Kangaiping (KAP) were identified. The methodological quality of included RCTs was not very high. The results of the NMA showed that the comparisons were all indirect. Among diverse OCPM, ATK + C had the highest objective response rate (ORR) with a P-score of .63 with risk ratio (RR) of 1.37 (95% CI 1.12-1.66); with a RR of 1.96 (1.26-3.05), SY + C had the highest performance status with a P-score of .73; KAP + C had the lowest nausea and vomiting with a P-score of .91 and with a RR of 0.29 (0.10-0.79); and JL + C had lowest leukopenia with a P-score of .95 with a RR of 0.47 (0.31-0.72). The results of pairwise comparison suggested no difference in outcomes among 10 kinds of OCPM + C. The comparison-adjusted funnel plots suggested that there might not be small-study effects for outcomes. According to the CINeMa approach, the confidence rating of this NMA ranged from “very low” to “low” for various comparisons.

Conclusion:

Based on the NMA, ATK + C, SY + C, KAP + C and JL + C were associated with more preferable and options for CRC patients when referring to ORR, performance status, nausea and vomiting, and leukopenia, respectively. However, owing to the limitations of this research, the above conclusions require further verification by more high-quality RCTs.

PROSPERO registration:

CRD42020160658.
Opening Possibilities for a Meaningful Life Narrative Identity in Service of Existential Health and Spiritual Care
Authors: Schutijser Dennis
Published: November 2021

Paul Ricoeur's understanding of philosophical hermeneutics offers a valuable tool to think about the meaning of life. By approaching philosophy as a way of living through the need for meaning, Ricoeur places his hermeneutics between two common directions in twentieth-century philosophy as a way of living, Sartrean humanism and Foucauldian antihumanism. As such, Ricoeur's narrative conception of the self can contribute to rethinking a conception of existential health and spiritual care.
Feature fusion-based collaborative learning for knowledge distillation
Authors: Li Yiting , Sun Liyuan , Gou Jianping , Du Lan , Ou Weihua
Published: November 2021

Deep neural networks have achieved a great success in a variety of applications, such as self-driving cars and intelligent robotics. Meanwhile, knowledge distillation has received increasing attention as an effective model compression technique for training very efficient deep models. The performance of the student network obtained through knowledge distillation heavily depends on whether the transfer of the teacher’s knowledge can effectively guide the student training. However, most existing knowledge distillation schemes require a large teacher network pre-trained on large-scale data sets, which can increase the difficulty of knowledge distillation in different applications. In this article, we propose a feature fusion-based collaborative learning for knowledge distillation. Specifically, during knowledge distillation, it enables networks to learn from each other using the feature/response-based knowledge in different network layers. We concatenate the features learned by the teacher and the student networks to obtain a more representative feature map for knowledge transfer. In addition, we also introduce a network regularization method to further improve the model performance by providing a positive knowledge during training. Experiments and ablation studies on two widely used data sets demonstrate that the proposed method, feature fusion-based collaborative learning, significantly outperforms recent state-of-the-art knowledge distillation methods.
Perceptions and Interpretation of Contemporary Masculinities in Western Culture: A Systematic Review
Authors: Connor Sandra , Edvardsson Kristina , Fisher Christopher , Spelten Evelien
Published: November 2021

The social construct of masculinity evolves in response to changes in society and culture. Orthodox masculinity is mostly considered to be hegemonic and is evidenced by the dominance of men over women and other, less powerful men. Contemporary shifts in masculinity have seen an emergence of new masculinities that challenge traditional male stereotypes. This systematic review aims to review and synthesize the existing empirical research on contemporary masculinities and to conceptualize how they are understood and interpreted by men themselves. A literature search was undertaken on 10 databases using terms regularly used to identify various contemporary masculinities. Analysis of the 33 included studies identified four key elements that are evident in men’s descriptions of contemporary masculinity. These four elements, (a) Inclusivity, (b) Emotional Intimacy, (c) Physicality, and (d) Resistance, are consistent with the literature describing contemporary masculinities, including Hybrid Masculinities and Inclusive Masculinity Theory. The synthesized findings indicate that young, middle-class, heterosexual men in Western cultures, while still demonstrating some traditional masculinity norms, appear to be adopting some aspects of contemporary masculinities. The theories of hybrid and inclusive masculinity suggest these types of masculinities have several benefits for both men and society in general.
The Bigger Picture: Research Strategy for a Photo-Elicitation Study Investigating Positive Health Perceptions of Older Adults With Low Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Platzer Feline , Steverink Nardi , Haan Marieke , de Greef Mathieu , Goedendorp Martine
Published: November 2021

Research focussing on older adults of low socioeconomic status (SES) faces several methodological challenges, including high rates of non-response and drop-out. In addition, older adults of low SES tend to be less willing to participate in research and are more likely to experience cognitive impairments and literacy problems. Photo-elicitation studies do not require high levels of literacy, and they might therefore be suitable for use in research with older adults of low SES. To date, however, little is known about setting up such studies with this target group. Our aim was to demonstrate how we systematically set up a researcher-driven photo-elicitation study to generate greater insight into the positive health perceptions of older adults of low SES. Our strategy consisted of three phases: development, testing and execution. In this article, we discuss each step of the research strategy and describe the limitations and strengths of our study. We also formulate recommendations for further research using photo-elicitation methods with this target group. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that the use of researcher-driven photo-elicitation is a powerful tool for enhancing understanding with regard to positive health perceptions and experiences of older adults of low SES. The usefulness of the method is particularly dependent on the careful development and testing of the study.
Design and test of hydro-pneumatic ISD suspension in heavy multi-axle vehicles
Authors: Nie Jiamei , Wang Fengli , Zhang Xiaoliang , Yang Yongjie
Published: November 2021

Aiming to improve the road friendliness so as to reduce the road damage caused by heavy multi-axle vehicles, and to enhance the ride comfort, we propose a kind of hydro-pneumatic ISD suspension structure, which is equivalent to a two-stage ISD structure integrating a traditional hydro-pneumatic suspension and a fluid inerter. Firstly, based on the 1/4 model, a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the key structural parameters of hydro-pneumatic ISD suspension. Secondly, the AMESim dynamic model of heavy multi-axle vehicles is built for the performance comparison between the traditional hydraulic and hydro-pneumatic ISD suspensions. Finally, this paper machines a hydro-pneumatic ISD suspension to replace the traditional hydraulic one in a heavy multi-axle vehicle to carry out a road test. Test results indicate that the proposed suspension can effectively restrain the vibrations of sprung and unsprung mass and improve ride comfort as well as road friendliness. The hydro-pneumatic ISD suspension can be applied to engineering.