bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
БУХОРО ВА ФАРҒОНА ВОДИЙСИДАГИ ҚАДИМИЙ МАҲАЛЛАЛАРНИНГ ШАКЛЛАНИШ ЖАРАЁНИ
Authors: Комилов Дилшодбек
Published: January 2025

This article provides a scientific analysis of the historical stages of the formation and development of mahallas in the Bukhara region and the Fergana Valley over several millennia.
XALQ DOSTONLARINI O‘RGANISHDA YANGI METODLARNI QO‘LLASH ORQALI О‘QUVCHILARNING MA’NAVIY SIFATLARINI SHAKLLANTIRISH (“RUSTAMXON” DOSTONI MISOLIDA)
Authors: Sattorov Shokir
Published: January 2025

Innovation in education is a consistent process, during which the student becomes an active participant, and the teacher becomes a manager. It creates cooperation between the teacher and the student, and this cooperation also forms creative skills in the student. The use of modern technology, innovative methods and interactive methods in the process of literary education is becoming increasingly popular.
Representation of Dimant strongly (p, σ)-continuous multilinear operators by trace duality
Authors: Dahia Elhadj
Published: January 2025

We introduce a tensor norm which represents the space of Dimant strongly (p, σ)-continuous multilinear operators bytrace duality.
MSC: Primary 46A32; Secondary 47B10
REFERENCES[1] Achour, D., Dahia, E., Rueda, P., & Sánchez-Pérez, E. A. (2016). Domination spaces and factorization of linear and multilinear summing operators. Quaestiones Mathematicae, 39(8), 1071-1092.‏. Search in Google Scholar   Digital Object Identifier[2] Achour, D., Dahia, E., Rueda, P., & Sánchez-Pérez, E. A. (2014). Factorization of strongly (p, σ)-continuous multilinear operators. Linear and Multilinear Algebra, 62(12), 1649-1670.‏. Search in Google Scholar   Digital Object Identifier[3] Achour, D., Dahia, E., Rueda, P., & Sánchez-Pérez, E. A. (2013). Factorization of absolutely continuous polynomials. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 405(1), 259-270.‏. Search in Google Scholar   Digital Object Identifier[4] Dahia, E. (2023). Tensorial representation of p-regular multilinear operators between Banach lattices. Positivity, 27(5), 65.‏.  Search in Google Scholar   Digital Object Identifier[5] Dahia, E. (2014). On the tensorial representation of multi-linear ideals (Doctoral dissertation, Ph. D. thesis, University of Mohamed Boudiaf, M’sila (Algeria)).‏. Thesis view[6] Dahia, E., Achour, D., & Sánchez-Pérez, E. A. (2013). Absolutely continuous multilinear operators. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 397(1), 205-224.  Search in Google Scholar   Digital Object Identifier[7] Dimant, V. (2003). Strongly p-summing multilinear operators. Journal of mathematical analysis and applications, 278(1), 182-193. Search in Google Scholar   Digital Object Identifier[8] Molina, J. L., & Sánchez-Pérez, E. A. (1993). Ideales de operadores absolutamente continuos. Rev. Real Acad. Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, Madrid, 87, 349-378. . Search in Google Scholar   Article view[9] Matos, M. C. (1993). On multilinear mappings of nuclear type. Rev. Mat. Univ. Complut. Madrid, 6(1), 61-81. Search in Google Scholar   Article view[10] Matter, U. (1987). Absolutely continuous operators and super‐reflexivity. Mathematische Nachrichten, 130(1), 193-216.. Search in Google Scholar   Digital Object Identifier[11] Ryan, R. A. (2002). Introduction to tensor products of Banach spaces (Vol. 73). London: Springer.. Search in Google Scholar   Digital Object Identifier
Communicated Editor: Guediri HocineManuscript received Dec 26, 2023; revised Jan 28, 2024; accepted Feb 03, 2024; published May 11, 2024.
Erratum: Moderate Deviations Principle and Central Limit Theorem for Stochastic Cahn-Hilliard Equation in Hölder Norm
Authors: R. M. Ratsarasaina , T. J. Rabeherimanana
Published: January 2025

We consider a stochastic Cahn-Hilliard partial differential equation driven by a space-time white noise. In this paper, we prove a Central Limit Theorem (CLT) and a Moderate Deviation Principle (MDP) for a perturbed stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation in Holder norm. The techniques are based on Freidlin-Wentzell’s Large Deviations Principle. The exponential estimates in the space of  Holder continuous functions and the Garsia-Rodemich-Rumsey’s lemma plays an important role, an approach than the Li.R.  and Wang.X. Finally, we establish the CLT and MDP for stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equations with uniformly Lipschitzian coefficients.
Erratum: Moderate Deviations Principle and Central Limit Theorem for Stochastic Cahn-Hilliard Equation in Hölder Norm, published in the International Journal of Applied and Mathematical Sciences (IJAMS), Volume 1 No 1, pages 34–52, on May 05, 2024.
Erratum Details: The error pertains to equation (3.2) in the section "PROOF OF MAIN RESULTS." Specifically:

Regarding equation (3.1), we first fix t, and in this case, it works as intended.
However, for equation (3.2), when fixing y, in the last inequality, it is necessary to replace ∣x−y∣ with ∣t−s∣ as a correction.

MSC: 60H15, 60F05, 35B40, 35Q62
REFERENCES[1] Ben Arous, G., & Ledoux, M. (1994). Grandes deviations de Freidlin-Wentzell en norme holderienne. Seminaire de probabilitesde Strasbourg, 28, 293-299.[2] Boulanba, L., & Mellouk, M. (2020). Large deviations for a stochastic Cahn–Hilliard equation in Holder norm.  ̈ InfiniteDimensional Analysis, Quantum Probability and Related Topics, 23(02), 2050010.[3] Cahn, J. W., & Hilliard, J. E. (1971). Spinodal decomposition: A reprise. Acta Metallurgica, 19(2), 151-161.[4] Cahn, J. W., & Hilliard, J. E. (1958). Free energy of a nonuniform system. I. Interfacial free energy. The Journal of chemicalphysics, 28(2), 258-267.[5] Cardon-Weber, C. (2001). Cahn-Hilliard stochastic equation: existence of the solution and of its density. Bernoulli, 777-816.[6] Chenal, F., & Millet, A. (1997). Uniform large deviations for parabolic SPDEs and applications. Stochastic Processes and theirApplications, 72(2), 161-186.[7] Freidlin, M. I. (1970). On small random perturbations of dynamical systems. Russian Mathematical Surveys, 25(1), 1-55.[8] Li, R., & Wang, X. (2018). Central limit theorem and moderate deviations for a stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation. arXivpreprint arXiv:1810.05326.[9] Walsh, J. B. (1986). An introduction to stochastic partial differential equations. Lecture notes in mathematics, 265-439.[10] Wang, R., & Zhang, T. (2015). Moderate deviations for stochastic reaction-diffusion equations with multiplicative noise.Potential Analysis, 42, 99-113.
Peran Singer Dalam Memandu Nyanyian di Ibadah Minggu Jemaat GKI Martin Luther Sentani
Authors: Marlissa Magdalena , Sulistyowati Ambar
Published: January 2025

Singer dalam sebuah ibadah diharapkan memiliki kepekaan spiritual yang diperlukan untuk memandu jemaat dalam lingkungan penyembahan yang mendalam, serta kapasitas vokal untuk menjamin bahwa lagu-lagu tersebut disampaikan dengan tulus dan indah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengupas tentang peranan singer dalam memandu nyanyian di ibadah minggu. Peran singer sangat dibutuhkan untuk memandu jemaat agar bisa merasakan suasana pujian dan penyembahan dengan syahduh. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif untuk mengungkapkan fakta yang ada dilapangan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan obervasi dan wawancara. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa singer tidak hanya memandu nyanyian di ibadah namun mengajar atau melatih jemaat untuk memahami nyanyian baru serta nyanyian yang biasa dibawakan dengan cara yang keliru. Dari hal tersebut singer termotivasi membantu jemaat tanpa harus menunggu ada prokantor yang melatih jemaat dalam bernyanyi nyanyian.
Metode Dan Teknik Vokal Paduan Suara di Kring Santa Katarina Dari Paroki Santa Sesilia Pontianak
Authors: Aldo Putra Utama  , Ghozali Imam , Putra Zakarias Aria Widyatama
Published: January 2025

Paduan suara adalah suatu kelompok yang menggabungkan berbagai macam jenis suara ke dalam satu sajian pertunjukan musik yang mengungkapkan jiwa lagu yang dinyanyikan. Dalam melakukan latihan paduan suara tentunya menggunakan beberapa metode dan teknik agar mendapatkan bunyi suara yang diinginkan. Berdasarkan fenomena tersebut peneliti merumuskan masalah bagaimana metode dan teknik yang digunakan oleh pelatih paduan suara Kring Santa Katarina Dari Siena Paroki Santa Sesilia Pontianak. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil wawancara, hasil observasi dan hasil dokumentasi. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah pelatih dan anggota paduan suara Kring Santa Katarina dari Siena Paroki Santa Sesilia Pontianak, selanjutnya data yang diperoleh di analisis menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik keabsahan data yang digunakan adalah triangulasi sumber. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, paduan suara Kring Santa Katarina dari Siena Paroki Santa Sesilia Pontianak menggunakan tiga metode yaitu metode drill, metode demonstrasi dan metode imitasi. Sedangkan untuk teknik vokal yang digunakan adalah intonasi, artikulasi, prasering dan pernapasan.
Teologi dan Musik: Konstruksi Eko-Teologi dari Musik
Authors: Pasae Yandri Christianto
Published: January 2025

Eko-teologi merupakan salah satu kajian teologi yang menempatkan lingkungan sebagai lokusnya. Kajian ini muncul sebagai salah satu bentuk keprihatinan teologi terhadap krisis lingkungan yang terjadi saat ini. Pemahaman teologi tentang lingkungan dapat juga dibangun dari perspektif musik sebagai bagian dari ibadah gereja. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk membangun eko-teologi dari perspektif musik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik studi pustaka untuk mengumpulkan data-data penelitian. Setelah melakukan penelitian, hasil yang didapatkan diantaranya, (1) unsur utama dari musik ialah bunyi, (2) musik diciptakan oleh seorang komponis dengan berbagai macam jenis dan kekayaan bunyi yang menghasilkan harmoni, (3) berdasarkan Kejadian 1, dunia diciptakan Allah dengan unsur-unsur yang berbeda, (4) manusia adalah mandataris yakni sebagai penguasa dan penakluk alam semesta. Hasil-hasil tersebut kemudian disimpulkan bahwa penciptaan dunia ini memiliki kesamaa dengan penciptaan musik sebagai  dunia audio yaitu diciptakan dengan unsur-unsur yang berbeda. Allah adalah komponis dan manusia sebagai musisi yang diberikan mandat untuk menyajikan karya Allah. Dalam penyajian itu, manusia harus mempertahankan orisinalitas karya Allah.
“Duka Yang Tersembunyi” Komposisi Musik Berdasarkan Kisah Yakub dan Rahel Untuk Orkestra
Authors: Hariyanto Gabriella Charis
Published: January 2025

Kisah Yakub dan Rahel merupakan salah satu kisah Alkitab yang seringkali dianggap romantis dan manis namun penulis menginterpretasikan kembali kisah ini dan menunjukkan sisi lain yakni kesedihan. Dengan interpretasi yang baru, kisah ini kemudian menjadi ide penciptaan karya musik program naratif, yakni karya musik berdasarkan narasi. “Duka Yang Tersembunyi” merupakan karya musik program untuk orkestra dengan penggambaran tokoh melalui instrumentasi. Penulis menggunakan Adonai Malakh scale untuk menggambarkan tradisi Israel pada zaman itu. Proses penciptaan karya ini dilakukan dengan menentukan judul karya, mengobservasi karya-karya lama dengan ide penciptaan sejenis, merancang konsep karya, membuat sketsa untuk masing-masing movement, mempelajari warna suara instrumen, dan menentukan instrumentasi. Hasil akhir dari karya ini adalah tiga movement yang menggambarkan suasana dan peristiwa yang berbeda. Karya ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi untuk karya program naratif berdasarkan sebuah kisah.
Strategi Mengatasi Ketakutan Dalam Diri Sendiri Bagi Orang Tua Lanjut Usia Berdasarkan Markus 4:37-41
Authors: Lawolo Nirta , Lawolo Andianus , Waruwu Anwar Three Millenium
Published: January 2025

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan strategi mengatasi ketakutan dalam diri sendiri bagi lansia. Lansia dapat mengatasi ketakutan dalam dirinya dengan baik dan benar, supaya mengalami ketenangan batiniah dan hidup berkenan kepada Tuhan. Ketakutan merupakan masalah yang cukup serius dan sering dihadapi oleh lansia. Strategi mengatasi ketakutan dalam diri sendiri bagi lansia, banyak orang berpendapat dengan cara berani, penelitian mengenai strategi mengatasi ketakutan dalam diri sendiri bagi lansia ini, masih terbatas dan tidak tepat. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa strategi mengatasi ketakutan dalam diri sendiri bagi lansia adalah iman. Iman yang benar kepada Tuhan, lansia dapat menemukan kekuatan, penghiburan dan ketenangan dalam menghadapi ketakutan yang dialaminya. Iman kepada Tuhan adalah mempersembahkan hidup dengan penuh pengharapan dan keyakinan bahwa “hidup atau mati milik Kristus”. Lansia yang memiliki Iman benar tidak mungkin mengalami ketakutan, sebab kerinduannya pulang kerumah Bapa bertemu dengan Tuhan Yesus.
Profesionalisme Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dalam Mengajar dan Membentuk Karakter Siswa
Authors: Gulo Atirina , Lawolo Andianus , Tatubeket Ela Meronisa R.
Published: January 2025

Artikel ini bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana menjadi guru yang profesional di lingkungan PAK dalam mengajar, mendidik dan membentuk karakter peserta didik sesuai dengan ajaran Alkitab (berkarakter Kristus). Sebab Pada realitanya guru belum menjadi guru yang profesional dalam konteks pendidikan agama Kristen untuk memimpin peserta didik. Guru PAK tidak memberi pembelajaran sesuai kebutuhan peserta didik, tidak kreatif, tujuan PAK dan memperlengkapi setiap peserta didik untuk menjadi pribadi yang Tuhan inginkan. Guru yang mengajar tidak sesuai bidang keahliannya sehingga kualitas mutu pendidikan tidak tercapai. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data dari artikel-artikel, buku-buku dan dokumen yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa guru yang profesional yaitu guru yang memiliki berbagai kecerdasan: intelektual, emosional, moral, dan spiritual. Guru harus mampu mengenal setiap pribadi peserta didik dan berbagai metode yang kreatif dan inovatif dalam belajar. Guru yang profesional adalah memiliki integritas, jiwa kepemimpinan yang bijaksana, mendidik peserta didik untuk semakin berkarakter Kristus. Selanjutnya guru PAK yang profesional adalah guru yang benar-benar ahli di bidangnya dengan pemahaman yang luas tentang PAK dan pengenalan Allah yang dalam. Sehingga guru menjadi role model dan benar-benar mengajar peserta didik untuk hidup dalam kekudusan Allah.
Kekudusan Hidup Seperti Yesus Sebagai bentuk Profesionalisme Guru PAK
Authors: Delvryance Agustihana , M Marse , Awang Herlis Djawa Rama , Seldjatem Cristian
Published: January 2025

Profesionalisme guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) menjadi elemen krusial dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dan membentuk karakter siswa. Teladan yang diharapkan dari seorang guru PAK adalah kekudusan hidup seperti Yesus Kristus. Artikel ini menguraikan hubungan antara profesionalisme guru PAK dengan kekudusan hidup sebagai teladan, sebagaimana yang diajarkan dalam Alkitab. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, dengan mengumpulkan informasi dari berbagai sumber pustaka yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara akademik. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kekudusan hidup menurut Alkitab merujuk pada pemisahan dari dosa dan kejahatan, serta menjadi seperti Yesus Kristus yang kudus. Profesionalisme guru PAK mencakup kompetensi kepribadian, di mana teladan menjadi aspek kunci. Guru PAK dituntut untuk hidup dalam kekudusan dan meneladani kehidupan Yesus. Kekudusan hidup menjadi landasan bagi profesionalisme guru PAK, yang kemudian diimplementasikan dalam memberikan teladan kepada siswa. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa untuk mencapai kekudusan hidup, diperlukan pengenalan diri dan pengontrolan diri, serta kesadaran akan pentingnya mematuhi ajaran Alkitab dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dengan demikian, menjadi kudus seperti Yesus adalah bentuk profesionalisme yang sejati bagi guru PAK.
Peran Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dalam Menangani Permasalahan Orang Dewasa Awal Yang Mengalami Stress dan Depresi Pada Fase Quarter Life Crisis
Authors: S Otniel , Golu Nita Lastriani Golu , Zega Juni Putri Zega , H Denistina Halawa , N Astri Natkaru
Published: January 2025

Dewasa awal merupakan masa dimana setiap individu akan mengalami transisi remaja ke dewasa. Pada masa ini dewasa awal akan mengalami banyak hal yang yang berpengaruh pada kehidupan individu, sehingga individu akan mengalami Quarter Life crisis. Quarter Life Crisis ini sering terjadi pada bidang pekerjaan maupun bidang akademik yang berdampak pada individu. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui peran pendidikan agama Kristen dalam menangani permasalahan orang dewasa awal yang mengalami stress dan depresi pada fase quarter crisis life. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah orang dewasa awal dengan usia 20-30 tahun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif.  Pendekatan kualitatif yaitu dengan menelaah kasus yang ada serta menafsirkan hasil dari pengumpulan data dan informasi. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, maka pendidikan agama Kristen mengambil peran untuk mengatasi dewasa awal yang mengalami Quarter Life crisis. Dengan Pendidikan agama Kristen berperan untuk dapat memahami konsep-konsep dalam memberikan dukungan sebagai fasilitator baik dalam aspek intelektual, emosional, sosial, maupun mental spiritual.
Kajian Sosio-Teologis Tentang Tradisi Napirem dalam Persekutuan Ibadah di Jemaat GKI Filadelpia Abe Pantai
Authors: Ferre Godfried San , Hutapea Melina
Published: January 2025

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menggali urgensi nilai tradisi napirem dalam persekutuan ibadah suku Biak di Jemaat GKI Filadelpia Abe Pantai dari sudut pandang sosio-teologis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Dalam rangka mengumpulkan data untuk penelitian ini, peneliti melakukan observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumentasi. Temuan penelitian bahwa nilai-nilai sosio-teologis ini, tradisi napirem masyarakat Biak memainkan peran penting dalam membangun komunitas yang harmonis, saling mendukung, dan menghormati sesama. Melalui ikatan famili yang kuat, masyarakat Biak membangun fondasi sosial dan rohaniah yang memperkuat persaudaraan dan kesatuan di tengah keragaman kehidupan. Perilaku dan sikap ini mengajarkan nilai-nilai keadilan, rasa hormat, dan pelayanan yang bermanfaat bagi perkembangan masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Kesimpulan penelitiannya tradisi napirem di Jemaat GKI Filadelpia Abe Pantai telah memahami pentingnya berpartisipasi dalam komunitas peribadatan. Mereka menyadari bahwa melalui ibadah, Tuhan dapat berkomunikasi dengan umat-Nya melalui Firman yang menjadi makanan rohani bagi umat yang percaya dan berbakti kepada Tuhan.
Tindakan Preventif Dalam Menghindari Kekerasan Guru Kepada Siswa di Sekolah
Authors: Pranoto Lukas Apdi Pranoto
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menunjukkan bagaimana PAK membantu menghindari kekerasan Guru kepada anak di sekolah. Penelitian ini diajukan untuk sekolah di Indonesia sebagai pemahaman yang komprehensif seberapa efektif nilai-nilai pendidikan agama Kristen dalam menghentikan atau memerangi kekerasan terhadap anak sekolah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, melalui pendekatan studi kepustakaan. Oleh karena itu, temuan menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan masih terjadi pada anak sekolah.  Akibatnya, pengajaran agama Kristen sangat penting dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai Kristen untuk membantu siswa menjadi lebih baik. Diharapkan guru pendidikan agama Kristen dapat menunjukkan kemampuan mereka dengan membantu siswa yang membutuhkan bimbingan, terutama di tengah maraknya kekerasan pada anak sekolah yang terjadi di kota-kota besar. Siswa akan merasa disayangi dan memiliki karakter yang sesuai dengan nilai-nilai pendidikan agama Kristen jika guru membantu mereka sebagai sahabat dan mentor. Siswa akan mudah bersahabat dan menyayangi orang lain.
Memahami Didikan Tuhan Melalui Penderitaan Berdasarkan Ayub 5:17-23
Authors: Lawolo Meidama Lawolo
Published: January 2025

Ayub 5:17-23 dari Kitab Ayub mengeksplorasi konsep bahwa penderitaan dapat diartikan sebagai sebuah bentuk pendidikan yang diberikan oleh Tuhan. Menunjukkan bahwa penderitaan dapat berfungsi sebagai koreksi dan pemurnian karakter. Hal ini mengajarkan bahwa penderitaan dapat membantu kita tumbuh dalam iman dan mengandalkan Tuhan secara lebih mendalam. Ayub 5:17-23 mengajarkan bahwa penderitaan tidak hanya berarti hukuman, tetapi juga bisa berfungsi sebagai alat pendidikan yang Tuhan gunakan untuk membentuk karakter kita, mengembangkan iman kita, dan membantu kita memahami keterbatasan manusia dalam memahami rencana-Nya. Ini adalah sebuah panggilan untuk mengandalkan dan percaya pada Tuhan, bahkan di tengah penderitaan. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif.
Analisis Geografi Terhadap Kerentanan Bencana Tsunami Di Wilayah Pesisir Utara Kabupaten Sikka Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis
Authors: Kristy Ray , Kiki Friskilia
Published: January 2025

Kabupaten Sikka merupakan kabupaten yang berada di provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur dengan tingkat rentan tsunami yang cukup tinggi. Hal ini karena Kabupaten Sikka berada dekat dengan zona subduksi lempeng tektonik Australia dan Eurasia serta dipengaruhi oleh sesar- sesar aktif di sepanjang Pulau Flores. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan overlay dengan scoring antara parameter-parameter yang berpengaruh pada kerentanan bencana tsunami, kemudian dilakukan overlay menggunakan software ArcGIS 10.7.1. Penggunaan software ini memanfaatkan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut pesebaran kerentanan bencana tsunami di wilayah pesisir utara Kabupaten Sikka, Nusa Tenggara Timur memiliki sebaran wilayah yang termasuk dalam tingkat tingkat kerentanan sangat tinggi mempunyai luasan sebesar 30.55 km dengan presentase 1,8% yang meliputi sebagian dari Kecamatan Magepanda, Alok barat, Alok, Alok Timur, Kangae, Kewapante, Waigete, Talibura. Wilayah dengan kategori tingkat kerentanan tinggi mempunyai luasan sebesar 76,63 km dengan presentase 4,5% yang meliputi sebagian dari Kecamatan Magepanda, Alok barat, Alok, Alok Timur, Kangae, Kewapante, Waigete, Talibura. Wilayah dengan kategori tingkat kerentanan menengah mempunyai luasan sebesar 137,82 km dengan presentase 8,1% yang meliputi sebagian dari Kecamatan Magepanda, Alok barat, Alok, Alok Timur, Kangae, Kewapante, Waigete, Talibura. Wilayah dengan kategori tingkat kerentanan rendah mempunyai luasan sebesar 362,29 km dengan presentase 21,4% yang meliputi sebagian dari Kecamatan Magepanda, Alok barat, Alok, Alok Timur, Kangae, Kewapante, Waigete, Talibura. Wilayah dengan kategori tingkat kerentanan sangat rendah mempunyai luasan sebesar 1087,34 km dengan presentase 64,2% yang meliputi sebagian dari Kecamatan Magepanda, Alok barat, Alok, Alok Timur, Kangae, Kewapante, Waigete, Talibura.
Power and Oppression in Kafka’s The Penal Colony
Authors: Urbaite Gerda
Published: January 2025

Franz Kafka’s In the Penal Colony offers a profound critique of authoritarianism, justice, and the dehumanizing effects of power. Through the isolated setting of the penal colony and the symbolic execution machine, Kafka examines the dynamics of authority, submission, and complicity. The Officer, the Explorer, and the Condemned Man serve as archetypes reflecting the moral and psychological dimensions of oppression. The machine, both a tool of discipline and a metaphor for systemic violence, illustrates the fragility of authoritarian regimes, culminating in its dramatic collapse. This article explores Kafka’s themes of power, bureaucracy, and resistance, situating his work within broader discussions of governance, ethics, and human rights. By engaging with Kafka’s incisive critique, readers gain insight into the complexities of power and the enduring relevance of his work in confronting modern systems of oppression.
Underground water galleries of Ganja city – kahriz
Authors: Hamzayeva Nurlana
Published: January 2025

It has become clear from ethnographic studies that the material culture of the population has preserved many of the ancient traditions by developing through its own internal resources. A number of its archaic forms trace their roots back to the distant past. This has created the basis for the centuries-old traditional historical material culture examples of urban culture to be passed from generation to generation.
ENGLISH FOR FINANCE STUDENTS - PART 2
Authors: Ashrafova Ilaha , Alisoy Hasan
Published: January 2025

In a world where financial landscapes are constantly evolving, understanding the intricacies of finance becomes not just an asset but a necessity. This book, encompassing a wide range of financial topics, is crafted to demystify the complex world of finance for learners, enthusiasts, and professionals alike.
Each lesson in this book is designed as a standalone module, allowing readers to dive into topics at their own pace and according to their interests. Starting with the "Fundamentals of Financial Planning," we lay the groundwork for sound financial understanding. As we progress, topics like "Digital Banking and Online Finance" and "The Role of Technology in Modern Finance" explore the digital revolution reshaping the financial sector.
We delve into specific markets with lessons on "Stock Market Indices," "Real Estate Investment Basics," and "Commodities Trading," offering insights into different investment avenues. The book also addresses critical issues such as "Financial Consumer Protection" and "Cybersecurity in Financial Transactions," emphasizing the importance of security in the digital age.
Global financial mechanisms are unraveled in lessons like "Understanding the International Monetary Fund (IMF)" and "Global Trade Financing," providing a macroeconomic perspective essential for grasping international finance. The chapters on "The Rise of Cryptocurrencies" and "History of Ethereum" bring readers to the forefront of modern financial innovation, while "Understanding the OneCoin Scam and Scandal" and "Understanding Pyramid Schemes in Finance" serve as cautionary tales highlighting the importance of vigilance in investments.
For entrepreneurs, "Financial Literacy for Entrepreneurs" and "Starting and Growing Your Business: Financial Strategies for Entrepreneurs" offer practical guidance on managing and growing a business effectively. We also explore economic systems and government policies in chapters like "Understanding the Communist Economic System" and "Understanding the Cuban Government and Economic System."
As we approach the culmination of this journey, "Jobs That May Disappear Due to AI in the Future" and "Understanding the Possibility of a Global Financial Collapse" prompt readers to think about the future of finance and its challenges.
This book is more than just a collection of financial lessons; it's a guide to navigating the ever-changing currents of the financial world. Whether you're a student, a professional, or simply curious about finance, these pages are designed to enlighten and empower you in your financial journey.
ANÁLISE MATEMÁTICA E SIMULAÇÃO DO SISTEMA DE AMORTECIMENTO VEICULAR COM MATLAB
Authors: Malagueta Silvano Xavier , Rocha Siomara Dias da
Published: January 2025

Abstract: In modern control theory, the concept of state variables plays a
crucial role in the modeling and analysis of dynamic systems. These
variables provide a comprehensive description of the system’s future
behavior over time. The organization into a state vector enables a
compact and complete representation of the system’s internal state. The
state-space function describes the temporal evolution of these variables
in response to system inputs, offering an efficient mathematical approach
for the design and analysis of control systems. Applications range from
industrial process control to autonomous vehicle control and robotics. By
understanding and applying these concepts, control engineers develop
effective solutions for challenges in complex systems, ensuring
performance, stability, and efficiency in dynamic environments.

Keywords: state variables; dynamic systems; state-space; control;
stability.
HUMANIZAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM EM UNIDADES DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA DE ADULTOS: FATORES FACILITADORES E DIFICULTADORES
Authors: Rodrigues Filho José Hermes , Silva Tais Freitas Soares da , Leite Mércia Aleide Ribeiro
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A humanização da assistência de enfermagem nas unidades de terapia intensiva de adultos é indispensável para equilibrar o impacto das tecnologias, assegurando que o paciente seja visto e cuidado como um ser humano integral, com necessidades que abrangem dimensões físicas, emocionais, sociais e espirituais. A implementação de práticas de humanização na unidade de terapia intensiva envolve desafios e oportunidades que impactam diretamente a qualidade do cuidado oferecido aos pacientes. Objetivo: identificar na literatura científica os fatores que facilitam e dificultam a implementação da humanização da assistência de enfermagem na unidade de terapia intensiva de adultos. Metodologia: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, na Lilacs Plus e no Portal Capes, de artigos publicados no período de 2019 a 2024, em português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que todos os estudos possuem abordagem qualitativa, sendo 40% publicados em 2024, 20% em 2023, 20% em 2022 e 20% em 2019. Todos apresentam nível de evidência IV. Os fatores dificultadores apontados incluíram a escassez de recursos humanos, materiais, a sobrecarga de trabalho enfrentada pelos profissionais e as barreiras organizacionais, como falhas de comunicação e ambientes de trabalho hierarquizados. Por outro lado, os fatores facilitadores identificados foram o bom relacionamento interpessoal, a colaboração multiprofissional e a adoção de estratégias voltadas para o fortalecimento dos vínculos entre pacientes, familiares e profissionais. Considerações Finais: A superação dos fatores dificultadores identificados e o fortalecimento dos fatores facilitadores dependem de mudanças estruturais e organizacionais que priorizem a dignidade, o respeito e a integralidade no cuidado.
CONDIÇÕES HIGIÊNCIAS – SANITÁRIAS DE ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS DE UMA REGIONAL DA CIDADE DE FORTALEZA, CE
Authors: Silva Sarah Ferreira , Damasceno Leandro Soares , Lima Andressa Alves de , Carvalho Teresa Raquel Ferreira de , Serpa Felipe Queiróz , Herculano Rosiane de Paes Borges , Pumar Nayara Luana Guillen , Albuquerque Mirian Santos Freitas , Rufino Bruno Arruda , Farias Monalisa Pinho
Published: January 2025

Know the hygienic and sanitary conditions of the kitchens of Public School Units in a Regional of the City of Fortaleza, CE, Quantitative, descriptive study, with cross-sectional design. It was applied to a checklist prepared in accordance with RDC 216/04 and adapted to the reality of school units. The highest non-compliance rates were in relation to the absence of a shelf card (41.78%), lack of equipment (55%), incomplete performance (38%) and the need for reform in schools (51.18%). whether it is possible to add more questions when checking - list focused on the reality of school units for more information that contribute to the improvement of hygienic conditions - health units of the units.
MÃOS QUE TRAZEM AO MUNDO: OS SABERES DAS PARTEIRAS TRADICIONAIS, DOS PRIMÓRDIOS DA HUMANIDADE, HOJE DESPREZADOS.
Authors: Pereira José Martinho , Mota Antonia da Silva
Published: January 2025

The objective of this work is to investigate the importance of traditional parts and their knowledge in the history of childbirth, and what motivates them to develop the art with such dedication, even though they are marginalized by medical knowledge. Factors of institutionalization of childbirth developed so that they stop being protagonists in the job of giving birth. Even so, we confirmed that they continued to participate, among many reasons, due to the need for them to always appear in communities far from large urban centers. To carry out this study, I interviewed the few parties I found, as well as collecting data from documentaries and the bibliography on this topic. The results show us that, even in the face of the obstacles encountered, the parties always had superior motivations to continue exercising their role. This is because, in addition to training, being a midwife is always linked to the existence of a woman and the arrival of a child.
ESTADO DA ARTE DA PRODUÇÃO DE BEBIDAS ARTESANAIS A PARTIR DE FRUTAS AMAZÔNICAS COM FOCO EM PROCESSOS SUSTENTÁVEIS E INOVAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Soares Júnior Jacob de Carvalho , Rocha Siomara Dias da , Moreira Diogo Soares
Published: January 2025

Este estudo explora a produção de bebidas artesanais a partir de frutas amazônicas como açaí (Euterpe oleracea), cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) e cumaru (Dipteryx odorata), com foco em processos sustentáveis e inovação tecnológica. O açaí exige sistemas de extração eficientes para preservar suas propriedades nutricionais, enquanto o cupuaçu demanda equipamentos especializados para otimizar a fermentação e prensagem, realçando suas qualidades sensoriais. Já o cumaru apresenta desafios no processamento de suas sementes aromáticas, necessitando de tecnologias específicas para infusões e destilados. A metodologia adotada incluiu revisão bibliométrica e análise do estado da arte sobre os frutos selecionados, bem como os processos de automação e energias renováveis, visando otimizar os processos produtivos. Os resultados indicam que a automação e o uso de tecnologias emergentes, como sensores e Inteligência Artificial (IA), são essenciais para melhorar a produção, aumentar a qualidade e reduzir os impactos ambientais. Além disso, o aproveitamento de resíduos para geração de bioenergia fortalece a circularidade produtiva, contribuindo para a bioeconomia regional. A pesquisa reforça a importância da sustentabilidade na transformação da indústria de bebidas na Amazônia.
Bio-Concrete and Its Self-Healing Capacity to Next-generation Sustainable Architecture: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ojha Amiya , Kumar Anjilesh , Das Deeplina , Bandyopadhyay Tarun Kanti
Published: January 2025

Concrete is commonly used as a foundation material in the construction sector. It's been around for over two centuries, and it looks like it'll keep being the material of choice for construction for the foreseeable future. Structural materials, long-term degradation creates microcracks which increases permeability and eventually lead to failure. Moreover, the identification and remediation of these fissures provide a formidable challenge, as they jeopardize the integrity and longevity of concrete buildings, particularly those subject to rigorous sealing criteria. Cement manufacturing and widespread usage both contribute to climate imbalance, with the former responsible for 5–7% of global carbon dioxide emissions. Biotechnology provides a viable alternative by allowing the culture of bacteria to produce calcium carbonate, a key ingredient in cement. Biomineralization and crystallization processes play a crucial role in the synthesis and transportation of concrete-compatible chemicals, enabling their delivery to fissure within concrete structures. This review paper discusses a methodology for advancing sustainable architecture in the future, utilizing the adaptable metabolic processes of microorganisms as a foundation. This involves integrating microbial technologies and materials created by microorganisms into the field of built environment design and construction. Currently, there is a growing presence in the market of innovative materials such as Bio-cement, which exhibit lower levels of embodied carbon compared to traditional materials. Furthermore, it discusses advancements in the synthesis and optimization of bio-concrete to address challenges in energy efficiency, structural integrity, and lifecycle performance. By bridging sustainability goals with cutting-edge technology, bio-concrete emerges as a cornerstone for resilient and eco-friendly infrastructure, laying the foundation for innovative architectural paradigms.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS OF TEGALREJO 1 STATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Desetria Cici  , Karunia Estri Arimbi , Indri Kurniasari Cecilia
Published: January 2025

Background: Nutrition is essential for school children's growth, development, energy, cognitive function, and immune system. High-quality nutrition optimizes brain growth and development. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status and academic achievement among fifth-grade students at SD Negeri Tegalrejo 1, Yogyakarta. Method: This quantitative, correlational study was conducted from March to July 2023 at Jalan Bener No. 40, Tegalrejo, Yogyakarta. Nutritional status and academic performance were assessed using anthropometric measurements (BMI-for-age Z-scores) and final report card grades. The study included 56 students, with 53 ultimately participating due to exclusion criteria (absence during data collection). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with Spearman's correlation test. Result: The results showed no significant relationship between nutritional status and academic achievement (P-value = 0.642, P > 0.05). Conclusions: Factors such as dietary habits, physical activity, motivation, talent, interest, and learning willingness, along with external factors like school environment, family, and socio-economic status, may contribute more significantly. Schools should monitor students' nutritional status through regular height and weight measurements and collaborate with local health facilities. This study focused solely on cognitive aspects of academic achievement, suggesting future research should include a more comprehensive assessment of student performance.
THE ROLE OF HEALTH EDUCATION IN THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION IN THE ELDERLY: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Wati Nenden Lesmana , Raningg Putri , Rochman Dadang
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Hypertension is a significant health problem that, if not properly managed, can lead to more severe complications. Hypertension requires proper and accurate treatment. Systolic blood pressure over 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure over 90 mmHg is known as hypertension. Objective: To understand the role of health education in the prevention and management of hypertension in the elderly. Methods : The method used in this study is a literature review. Academic articles were searched through online databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar from 2019-2024, resulting in 10 relevant articles. Results : Based on the review and analysis of the 10 selected articles, it was concluded that education can increase respondents' knowledge regarding the prevention and management of hypertension. Conclusion : The role of nurses in assisting patients can improve health by providing information about the care and medical treatments they receive, and by offering nursing care to meet the needs of hypertensive patients and provide the necessary treatment.
Systematic literature review on sterile injectable dates of use, stability and implications for use
Authors: Dewi I Gst A A Gangga Samala , Putri Lucienne Agatha Larasati Nugraha , Silalahi Lydia Devy , Dewi I Gusti Ayu Widha Paramistya , Hapsari Meivanti Diva , Dewa Julio Angga Purnama , Sarayawati Kadek Ayu Mas , Prasetya I Wayan Sindhu Wahyu , Dewi Ni Pande Kadek Sinta , Noviyanti Ni Putu Rika , Sari Putri Ayu Puspita , Rajeswari Ni Kadek Ida , Wahyuni Ni Luh Komang , Wulandari Dewi , Warditiani Ni Kadek
Published: January 2025

Beyond-use date (BUD) is crucial for the stability of injectable preparations. However, there is a knowledge gap and a lack of information regarding BUD determination in injection preparations. Therefore, a systematic review is needed to address the BUD of injection preparations. This study aimed to provide comprehensive insights into the stability, BUD data, and associated implications for injectable preparations through a systematic literature review approach. This study employed a systematic literature review guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The inclusion criteria were research articles from national and international journals discussing the BUD of sterile injection preparations published in the last 10 years. Fourteen of the 19 articles related to BUD were selected for analysis. The analysis revealed that the stability of the 19 sterile injection preparations was significantly influenced by the characteristics of the preparation, storage conditions, and type of drug. These factors substantially affect the effectiveness and safety of drugs. Intravenous sterile injections involve several critical steps to ensure the safety and efficacy of the medications used. Adhering to BUD guidelines for intravenous injections is crucial for maintaining drug quality, which can help prevent infections or adverse reactions in patients. The stability of sterile injection preparations, which is influenced by various factors, has direct implications for BUD determination. This review highlights the importance of considering these factors when determining BUD to ensure patient safety.
TAX REVENUE AND ITS IMPACT ON NIGERIA'S ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: IBRAHIM SAHABI MUHAMMAD  , MUHAMMAD SABIR IBRAHIM
Published: January 2025

This research examines the relationship between tax revenue components and economic growth in Nigeria, using quarterly data from 1994 to 2022. The research investigates three primary tax components: Petroleum Profit Tax (PPT), Value Added Tax (VAT), and Other Tax Revenue (OTH), employing an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to analyze both short-run and long-run relationships. Data was sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria’s bulletins, National Bureau of Statistics, etc. The findings reveal a significant positive relationship between overall tax revenue and economic growth, with a 1% increase in total tax revenue leading to a 0.234% increase in GDP growth. Among the tax components, VAT demonstrates the strongest positive impact (0.289%), followed by Other Tax Revenue (0.178%) and PPT (0.156%). The error correction term (-0.567) indicates that approximately 56.7% of any disequilibrium is corrected within one year, suggesting efficient adjustment mechanisms. The study's diagnostic tests confirm the models' statistical validity, with high R-squared values and no significant issues of serial correlation or heteroskedasticity. Based on these findings, the study recommends enhancing VAT administration, expanding the tax base, modernizing tax collection systems, and implementing strategic reforms to diversify revenue sources beyond petroleum. These results have important implications for tax policy formulation in Nigeria, particularly in the context of economic diversification efforts and sustainable development goals.
DEVELOPMENT AND DEPLOYMENT OF A SECURITY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR ENHANCED ORGANIZATIONAL SAFETY AND EFFICIENCY
Authors: AMANNAH, CONSTANCE IZUCHUKWU
Published: January 2025

The study focuses on the development and deployment of a Security Information Management System (SIMS) to enhance organizational safety and efficiency. It addresses the critical need for robust data security frameworks in modern organizations, emphasizing the protection of information integrity, availability, and confidentiality. Rooted in historical and evolving security paradigms, the research highlights the transition from traditional military-focused strategies to comprehensive approaches encompassing economic, environmental, and technological dimensions. Using the Object-Oriented System Development Methodology (OOSDM), the study designed and implemented a real-time SIMS integrating authentication and authorization processes. The proposed system features modular architecture comprising Web, Application, and Data tiers to ensure scalability, security, and efficiency. Advanced tools, such as encryption, intrusion detection systems, and login tracking, safeguard against cyber threats, including hacking and denial-of-service attacks. Rigorous testing of the system demonstrated its effectiveness in mitigating security risks, supporting decision-making with timely data access, and enhancing operational efficiency. The findings underscore the potential of SIMS to secure sensitive organizational data and recommend its adoption, training for security personnel, and regular updates for sustained functionality. This research contributes to advancing information security practices, particularly in dynamic operational environments.
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF SHEA BUTTER FROM DIFFERENT PROCESSING METHODS IN MOKWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF NIGER STATE
Authors: T. O. ALUKO  , L.O. ALAMU  , F.O. ALAO
Published: January 2025

The Shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa) has emerged as an essential economic resource in Nigeria's savanna region, providing crucial domestic and industrial applications. Traditionally processed by rural communities, Shea butter production remains labour-intensive, affecting quality due to inconsistent methods and equipment used. As global demand for Shea butter rises, ensuring quality standards is essential for both local consumption and international markets. The study investigates the impact of different processing methods on the quality of Shea butter produced in Mokwa, Local Government Area of Niger State. The results showed that 8.84, 8.57, 8.49, and 8.28kg were the average weight for, Air-dried, Mechanized, Sun-dried and Oven-dried methods of processing respectively. However, the Air-dried method had 1.70kg of Shea butter being the highest yield, while 1.30, 1.25 and 1.12kg were the yield of Oven-dried, Sun-dried and Mechanized methods respectively. Air-dried method practiced by rural processors is profitable when Shea fruits were handled hygienically throughout the processing period of the Shea butter. Also, the results showed that the average proximate compositions of each of the processing methods were: 24.70%, 24.03%, 21.75% and 20.51% for Oven-dried, Mechanized, Sun-dried and Air-dried respectively. Oven-dried method had higher level of proximate composition, while Air-dried method had the lowest. The average mean Mineral compositions of the Shea butter were: 3.35%, 2.82%, 2.62% and 2.23% for Mechanized, Sun-dried, Air-dried and Oven-dried respectively. It was observed that Mechanized method improved better in Mineral composition compared to other methods of processing Shea butter. The average mean of the Vitamin A were: 84.30%, 81.10%, 68.40% and 60.40% for Oven-dried, Mechanized, Sun-dried and Air-dried methods of processing respectively. Though, Oven-dried method gave the highest Vitamin A composition, all the methods possessed high level of Vitamin A.
ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF AZANZA GARCKENEA (GORON TULA/APPLE SNOT) IN MAIDUGURI METROPOLIS
Authors: UMAR SABO GADZAMA  , MUHAMMAD JAMILU MUHAMMAD  , MAISANDA ALI
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the nutritional and non-nutritional components of Azanza garckeana (commonly known as Goron Tula or Apple Snot) to assess its potential health benefits and limitations. Employing a survey research design, data collection included proximate and sensory analysis of fruits, leaves, stem bark, and roots, along with questionnaires administered to participants in Maiduguri Metropolis, Nigeria. Results revealed that the fruit contains the highest protein (12.0%) and moisture (6.50%), while the stem bark has the highest carbohydrate content (72.16%). Crude fiber is most abundant in the fruit (45%), suggesting benefits for digestion. However, the presence of non-nutritional components, such as oxalates, raises concerns about potential adverse effects, including renal stone formation. Sensory evaluation indicates favorable taste and texture for Goron Tula, though its color was less appealing compared to traditional cola nuts. The study concludes that Azanza garckeana has significant nutritional value and potential for addressing nutrient deficiencies but recommends caution regarding its non-nutritional components. Future research should focus on processing methods to mitigate anti-nutritional factors.