bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMATION OF A CULT OF BOOK IN THE RUSSIAN CULTURE OF THE 18TH–20TH CENTURIES
Authors:   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Benkovskaya T. E.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The research aims to trace the way of nascency and formation of a cult of book as a unique phenomenon in the Russian culture during the 18th –20th centuries, and identify the reasons and factors that determined the high status of literature in Russian society, its role in the development of national identity; contributed to the fact that the book became not only and not so much a way of leisure for Russian citizens, but a cultural need. Materials and methods. The study is based on the methods of historical and comparative analysis, generalization and synthesis. It also employs the method of actualization, which makes it possible to focus attention on the facts, events, phenomena, observations, ideas and conclusions that are supposed to be of scientifi c and pedagogical value for understanding the role of book, reading, and culture by the people of modern Russia and Literature as an academic discipline in the 21st century’s school education. A versatile approach to comprehending the long-term historical establishment of a cult of books and reading in Russian culture of the 18th-20th centuries made it possible to objectify the results of the study. Results of study. The multidimensional analysis of the emergence and formation of the “cult of book”, i.e., the cult of reading in Russian society, since the time of Ancient Russia, has covered a variety of aspects of understating this phenomenon, including philosophy; culture; literature as a part of culture and a type of art, as exponent of public and national identity; literature as an academic subject in the school system; psychology of “book reading”; book and its place in spiritual life of the Russian people in different epochs, including the current state of Russian society; journalism and book publishing, etc. Findings of the study indicate that the long-lasting book cult phenomenon in Russian culture is due to a consistent and verify ed system of creating a personality, upbringing a reader, familiarizing with reading, which embraces all social and moral institutes (family, school, culture, society, and the State). Conclusion. The study has sharpened the issue of reading books, their place and role in modern digital society, which has become particularly relevant in the 21st century. It is obvious that only a systems approach to addressing this issue, which requires joint eff orts of all the institutes mentioned, can provide positive results if we do not want to lose the readers already in their early childhood.
IDEAS ABOUT THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF ADULTS AT THE LEVEL OF SPECIAL PRIMARY EDUCATION
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Afanasyeva R. A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Introduction. The level of primary education is a significant stage in the development of children with disabilities. The possibilities of visual activity in work on building the ideas about the professional activities of adults in younger schoolchildren of this category have prospects for study. Materials and methods. The research applies the methods of theoretical analysis, pedagogical experiment, and pedagogical analysis. The assessment of the level of ideas about professional activity relies on the methods developed by N .S. Pryazhnikov. The method designed by E. A. Strebeleva is used to identify specific features of the ideas of children with disabilities. Results. The results of the use of the above methods enabled us to reveal the specific features of ideas about the professional activity of adults at the level of primary special education. The developed methodological recommendations make it possible to form integral ideas about the professional activity of adults. Conclusion. The phased work carried out at the level of primary education with children with disabilities gave a comprehensive immersion in the system of correctional education measures
THE USE OF CEREBRAL STIMULATION TECHNIQUES IN VESTIBULAR GYMNASTICS OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION
Authors:   Lyceum № 7, Khaustova E. G. , Martynov A. A. ,   Volgograd State Academy of Physical Culture
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The paper discusses new approaches to timely providing correctional assistance to primary school children with mental retardation. One of the techniques of adaptive physical education for primary school children with mental retardation is vestibular gymnastics, which cannot be attributed only to medical or purely pedagogical methods. To date, there has been no sufficient knowledge about how to use vestibular gymnastics in adaptive physical education of primary school children with mental retardation. However, there is proof that the effective functioning of the vestibular system enhances the efficiency of the brain and reduces behavior and learning problems. Materials and Methods. We propose exercises aimed at stimulating the cerebellum by using the balancing sets of exercises as one of the groups of techniques of our methodology. The assessment of the vestibular stability, which characterizes the effectiveness of the vestibular gymnastics technique, was based on the method of computer posturography. Results. At the end of the experiment, the average values of the statokinesiogram indices of younger school children with mental retardation were close to the lower limit of the indices for normal typical children. Conclusion. The findings indicate the effectiveness of using cerebellar stimulation techniques to optimize the physical fitness and functional status of younger school children with mental retardation.
Personally Oriented Model of the Educational Process: Subjectively Essense Focus
Authors:   Dragomanov National Pedagogical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Vyshkivska Vanda , Snigur Lyudmila ,   Militare Academy, Odessa, Ukraine, Golikova Oksana ,   National Technical University “Kharkiv polytechnic Institute”, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Bereziak Kseniia ,   Lviv State University of Life Safety, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: December 2021

The article proves that globalization, informatization, openness and standardization of the education quality have radically changed not only the scheme of knowledge transfer, teaching methods, but also have actualized the problem of understanding the deep essence of knowledge itself, its levels. The emphasis is placed on the priorities of cultural and personal knowledge, which are an integral part of the personality and provide with the expansion of his/ her social experience. It is substantiated a significance of the educational knowledge formation as a synthesized set of philosophical principles, humanitarian knowledge, pedagogical experience, which are designed to overcome the inconsistency and diversity of two types of «products»: «production of a cultural person» in education and «production of knowledge» about the structure and basic processes of education. It is stated that the positions of a synergetic approach allow to analyze the development and functioning of the educational system both in the short and long perspective, to create favorable conditions in the educational environment for choosing and giving each subject a chance to move individually, to stimulate independence of choice and making a responsible decision, to provide personal development and educational knowledge, the formation of skills of knowledge self-management of as the basis of professional competence.
Methodological Fundamentals for Forming Art Values of Students-Musicians in Arts and Educational Activities
Authors:   Dragomanov National Pedagogical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Chen Liang
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of value formation of a future music teacher in the process of professional training. Art education is considered as a component of training that accumulates performing, musical, methodological directions. The artistic education for Music teachers determines the poly-artistic vector of professional training, which includes understanding music and other arts. The success of artistic education is ensured by the subjectivity of a future teacher-musician who accepts such activities as a universal professional value. The hierarchy of pedagogical conditions of effective arts and educational activities is substantiated. The initial positions for substantiation of methodological fundamentals of arts and educational activities of the future Music teacher are specified, namely teacher’s focus on self-development and on values of other people. The groups of methods relate to motivation for the complex of musical activity, poly-artistic development, thesaurus in the field of various arts. The core of the methodological fundamentals is personal artistic communication with art as well as interpersonal artistic communication. The need for the functioning of a specific arts and educational environment is substantiated in order to provide artistic communication, The functional connection of pedagogical conditions and methods of formation of artistic values of students-musicians in arts and educational activities as subjects of environmental art education is explained. The prospects of research of the problem caused by actualization of processes of virtual communication, risks of minimizing of interpersonal art communication are defined. Key words: students-musicians, arts and educational
Stage Design as a Spatial Environment of the Performance: Definition of the Concept
Authors:   Kiev National University of Culture and Arts, Kiev, Ukraine, Popova Oksana
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the definition of "stage design". On the basis of terminological analysis, the essence of the concept of "stage design" is revealed, its essential features are determined and the connection with other concepts in the context of artistic design of a theatrical production is analyzed. With the help of comparative analysis, common and different features between the concept of "scenography" and "theatrical and decorative art" were revealed. The definition is understood by us as a list of essential features of an object or phenomenon that represent the concept and verbal expression of those specific features that distinguish this concept from related to it. The study found that stage design as a type of design and art activities involves the design, construction and organization of stage space with elements of other types of design, composition and stylistic devices. Its main task is to work with the environment of human life in a conventional play space, to create an artistic image of the play, which will make the viewer an emotional impression, relevant to the issue of staging. In our opinion, the term "stage design" most accurately reflects the state of the essential and conceptual approach to the solution of scenographic design of plays in domestic directing theater, the process of creating a unique visual image due to the synthesis of symbolic means to reveal the author's concept and meaningful content.
Creative Environment in the Context of Coworking Center Design
Authors:   Kiev National University of Culture and Arts, Kiev, Ukraine, Prуkhod'ko Kseniia
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to identifying the features of the creative environment in the context of the specifics of the space of the coworking center and to determine the basic design principles and means of its creation. The concept of "creative space" in the context of the specifics of the design of the coworking center has been clarified and supplemented. In this study, the concept of creative environment is considered by us as a subject-spatial environment, in the process of development and creation of which the designer takes into account not only the specifics of the philosophy of self-realization, but also tools to meet this need in anthropocentric approach. The study found that modern coworking centers, thanks to unique design approaches, are positioned as a favorable creative environment for the work of the creative class in the context of the implementation of new creative ideas. It is proved that functionality, artistic image, providing the necessary conditions for efficiency, ease of use, safety and aesthetic pleasure from being in the space of the coworking center and interaction with objects is achieved only through a systematic approach to design, which takes into account functional and technological and social -cultural factors. It is determined that the creation of a creative environment of a coworking center by a designer is the result of complex design - joint technical, aesthetic and artistic activities, the main property of which is anthropocentrism, ie human orientation. Accordingly, in the design process, the designer proceeds solely from human needs (in this case during work) to avoid unwanted adaptation of visitors to the coworking center to the environment created by him.
Is it of any positive being COVID-19 positive?: Cross-protection hypothesis
Authors: Alser Muath
Published: December 2021

Many pathogens have been reported to induce cross-protective immune responses against other related and unrelated pathogens due to shared epitopes or induction of trained immunity.

Herein, I review the evidence we have so far on the possible SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactions with other pathogens, and the immune modulatory effects it could induce, which could lead to beneficial effects against other diseases among COVID-19-recovered immunocompetent individuals.
Multivariate regression analysis of dairy characteristics of Holstein cows
Authors: Karlikova Galina , Konte A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the research is the possibility of applying the equation of multiple two-factor regression to reveal the reliable conjugacy of signs affecting the level of milk productivity of Holstein cows. Research methods. The research was carried out in CJSC BP “Aksin’ino” of Stupinskiy district of the Moscow region. Based on the IAS “SELEX”, a database was created, including a sample of 11 017 heads. Data on milk productivity were taken for 305 days of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and maximum lactation. Results. For 305 days of the 1st lactation, milk yield averaged 7909.5 kg of milk, for the 2nd – 8289.1 kg (p ≤ 0,001) and the 3rd lactation – 8446.2 kg (p ≤ 0,001). Milk yield for maximum lactation was 8964.3 kg of milk (p ≤ 0.001). The fat and protein content in cow milk between the 1st and 3rd lactation is 4.03–4.08 and 3.22–3.23 %. The multiple two-factor regression coefficient represents the response bias from 7787.81–8239.00 (1st, 2nd, 3rd lactation) to 8841.63 (maximum lactation). The scattering diagrams of the multiple regression model show that the value of the variable "milk yield" is statistically dependent on the indicators of the mass fraction of fat and the mass fraction of protein in milk. The coefficient of determination at the level of 0.997–0.998 indicates that the regression equation explains 99.7–99.8 % of the variance of the effective feature. The significance of Fischer’s F-test indicates the high reliability of the results and the absence of randomness and the presence of a pattern justified in our study. The fat and protein content had a negative relationship with milk yield (p ≤ 0,001) by lactation. High values of the relationship between milk yield and protein content (–0.518…–0.766), fat and protein content (0.626–0,784) were obtained. Scientific novelty. For the first time, studies were conducted on the correspondence of the equation model to the experimental data obtained, and the presence of the number of independent variables (mass fraction of fat and protein) included in the equation to describe the dependent variable (milk yield).
The stability of varieties is an important element of the integrated protection of flax from
Authors: Kudryavceva Lyudmila
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to characterize the varieties of long-legged flax included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in terms of resistance to fusarium wilt, rust, anthracnose and pasmo. The research was conducted in 2018–2020 in vegetative, laboratory and field conditions at the All-Russian Research Institute of Flax (currently: A separate division Research Institute of Flax). As an object of research, we used varieties of flax-long-legged flax included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation for 2018–2020. Methods. The studies were carried out using modern mycological and phytopathological methods. Laboratory, vegetation and field experiments were conducted according to the All-Russian Research Institute of Flax methods. Results and practical significance. Among the studied 66 varieties, 56.1 % were highly resistant and resistant genotypes to fusarium wilt and 58.3 % – to rust. The specific weight of the Flax Institute varieties for this period was 34.8 %. High resistance to rust and fusarium wilt was characterized by the VNIIL selection varieties: Universal, Diplomat, Alexim, Dewdrop, Zaryanka, Aleksandrit. For the first time, scientists of the Flax Institute have created varieties of flax-long – legged (Diplomat and Tonus) resistant to three diseases: rust, fusarium wilt and anthracnose, and the Caesar variety-to four diseases. All varieties, with the exception of Diplomat and Tonus, a selection of the Flax Institute, were susceptible to anthracnose. The Grant variety of the selection of the Republic of Belarus and the Caesar variety were resistant to pasmo by 59.7 %, the rest were characterized by resistance to damage by 27.8–42.0 %. Scientific novelty. The characteristics of the resistance of the varieties included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation are comprehensively described on infectious and provocative backgrounds using natural and synthetic populations of pathogens diseases of flax. Varieties with group resistance to 2, 3, and 4 diseases are identified. The use of flax varieties resistant to the most economically dangerous diseases in flax crops will reduce the infectious potential and its accumulation in nature.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Some Plant Extracts as an Alternative to Chemical Weedicides in Controlling on Cyperus rotundus L
Authors: I. Khaleel Rana , H.Al-Samarrai Ahmad , M. Hamoody Abdul-Hameed , F. Al-Samarai Ghassan
Published: December 2021

Two experiments were carried out during the summer season, 2016, in the green house / Department of Biology/Collage of Education, Samarra University, to evaluate the activity of three aqueous extract of leaves of Nerium (Nerium oleander L.),olives (Olea europaea .L) and castor (Ricinus communis.L), on control of tuber germination and growth of seedling of Cyperus rotundus L as an alternative for chemical pesticides. Experiments applied according to the complete randomized design (CRD) with four replicates. The experiments included two factors: the first factor plant species (three plant species),and the second factor concentration of plant extracts (2.5%, 5% and 10%) and their impact on germination rate and inhibition of seedling growth. The results of the first experiment recorded inhibition percentage reached (90%) at 5% and 10% from Nerium extracts compared with the same concentrations from Olive and Castor which, recorded inhibitory rate reached (30-40%) respectively. While the concentration of 2.5% was the lowest inhibition rates for germination ratio of all plant extracts under study. The second experiment showed effect of the Nerium extract at a concentration (10%) by recording completely inhibition ratio (100%), compared with the same concentrations of Castor and Olive extracts, which recorded the lowest mean growth inhibitory for all extracts. The results of the current study indicate the possibility of using natural products of plant origin as alternatives to chemical pesticides as one of the means of biological control in the management program agricultural sector with further studies of the future.
Cooperative Сrediting: Prospects of F.V. Raiffeisen Approaches Application in Ukrainian Agricultural Sector
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Panteleimonenko Andrii , Honcharenko Vladyslav ,   V.N. Karazin  Kharkiv  National University, Kasyan Svitlana ,   V.N. Karazin  Kharkiv  National University
Published: December 2021

It is emphasized that at the beginning of the XXI century application of cooperative lending experience of F.W. Raiffeisen cooperatives model in Ukrainian practice allowed credit unions to abandon collateral as the main form of credit security. For many small agricultural producers, especially farmers, signing of a group agreement on joint and several liability (formation of the so-called loan circle) was almost the only opportunity to obtain loans. The main reason for stopping this practice is indicated. It was caused by the consequences of the global financial and economic crisis, the first appearances of which have been felt in Ukrainian economy since 2008. It is discovered that the content of publications presented in scientific professional journals of Ukraine only to some extent reveals the essence of F.W. Raiffeisen approaches on lending to small rural producers. The need for in-depth study of such experiences is emphasized. It is proposed to establish rural credit societies in Ukraine, which are based on the experience of F.W. Raiffeisen credit cooperatives. The important role of state and local governments in the financial support of this process is emphasized. The external financing mechanism for such cooperatives, especially at the initial stage of their activity, with the use of F.W. Raiffeisen loan circles practice is described. Establishing rural credit societies to finance peasants and farmers are indicated as promising. A model of a rural credit society is proposed. It was successfully functioning in Germany, as well as on the territory of other European countries, including Ukrainian provinces, starting from the end of the 19th century. And provided that appropriate changes are made to current Ukrainian legislation, these rural credit societies can become a source of affordable loans for the development of farming. The expediency of detailing the proposed model of a credit cooperative is indicated, taking into account all the principles typical for cooperatives of F.W. Raiffeisen model.
Stimulation of the Socio-Economic and Innovative Development of the National and Regional Economy: Taking Into Account the Principles of Budget System and Taxation
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Shalimov Volodymyr , Reshetov Valerii ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Melnyk Тatiana ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: December 2021

The state does not carry out direct financing of innovation activities of enterprises, but it is possible and appropriate to use indirect methods of financing innovations embodied in budget and tax policies, which requires clear regulation of the relevant principles. The purpose of this article is to study the current practice of taking into account the goals of socio-economic and, first of all, innovative development in the principles of the budget and tax systems of Ukraine and substantiation of approaches to its improvement. It is substantiated that goals of socio-economic and innovative development is not properly reflected in the principles of both the budget system of Ukraine and in the principles of the tax system (basic principles of tax legislation). It is determined that direct and indirect state financial support and taxes as fiscal instruments should help stimulate economic development, stimulate and intensify innovation, but the choice of forms and methods of such stimulation needs to be justified taking into account the need to achieve specific goals. An analysis of the practices of the World Tax Code and the world practice of applying measures to support small and medium enterprises in terms of Covid-19 showed that direct state financial support is preferred in comparison with tax benefits due to clearer procedures of administration and control and further stimulation of development. It is proved that the combination of direct financial support with the using of investment and innovation tax credits with the possibility of their clear tax administration and control is the optimal mechanism in modern conditions. The directions of reforming the system of local taxation in the context of stimulating socio-economic and innovative development in the region are offered. The need to expand the powers of local governments, local authorities and local communities to establish elements of local taxes and fees, develop a mechanism for investment and innovation tax credits and other types of tax benefits that would enhance innovation in the region are substantiated. Due to the author's emphasis on the importance of clear administration and control of financial and tax support, the prospects for further research are the development of economic and mathematical models for evaluating the effectiveness of such systems.
Key Elements of the Mechanism of State Financial Support of Agricultural Producers
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Shynkar Dmytro
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article is to study the peculiarities of the domestic system of state financial support of agricultural producers and highlight on this basis the conceptual approaches to the formation of the mechanism of state financial support of agricultural producers with the definition of its key elements. Based on the analysis of normative legal acts, the peculiarities of providing state financial support to agricultural producers throughout the period of Ukraine’s independence were clarified and the evolutionary transformation of forms of such support was established. It was found that for a long time financial support to agricultural producers was provided mainly in the form of indirect support, based on the use of a system of tax benefits (there was a special tax regime in the form of a fixed agricultural tax and a special value added tax regime). Only in recent years, after the abolition of the special regime of value added tax, direct support for agricultural producers became a priority. Analysis of the effectiveness of state support for agriculture, based on data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, shows that compared to EU countries, the level of state financial support for agricultural producers in Ukraine remains quite low, and the assessment of support indicates its inefficiency. In order to solve the problems of ensuring the effectiveness of state financial support for agricultural producers, the feasibility of forming a mechanism of state financial support for agricultural producers is substantiated, conceptual approaches to its construction and content are identified and key elements are identified. Based on the author's approach to understanding the concept of "mechanism" and highlighted domestic features of providing state financial support to agricultural producers, the author's interpretation of the concept of "mechanism of state financial support of agricultural producers" is proposed. This a mechanism is a system of financial relations that arise between the state and agricultural producers in the relevant institutional environment, based on certain principles and conditions, provide for the use of forms and tools that can stimulate agricultural production and provide favorable conditions for agricultural development.
Conceptual Model of the Subject of Circular Economy in the Context of Sustainable Development
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Ivanov Roman
Published: December 2021

The article deals with certain issues of the introduction and functioning of the circular economy, the introduction of which allows you to obtain positive environmental, economic and social effects. It is noted that it is characterized by the emergence of synergistic effects in the conditions of development of ecological and economic systems, which create conditions for their advancement towards a state of sustainable development. A model of the subject of a circular economy in the context of sustainable development, which reflects the transformative essence, wave nature and cyclical nature of economic processes within the framework of the wave-particle concept of the formation of economic behavior, is proposed and analyzed. The model is formulated in accordance with the methodological principles of describing material flows, which are based on the phenomenological assumption that their kinetics is isomorphic to the dynamics of a continuous medium. The presented construct was named “economic dipole”. The model is built in the state space, the coordinates of which characterize the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the studied subject. The model reflects the self-organizing nature of the management of a circular economy entity, the balance between production and consumption and cyclical movement within the framework of such a circular economy business model as resource recovery. It minimizes the cost of resources by increasing the efficiency of production through reverse flows. The adequacy and information content of the model was checked by analyzing the fields of speed and motivation, the connection of which in the context of sustainable development is represented by the equation of maintaining overall motivation, which consists of a motivating and compensating component. It is shown that the subject of the circular economy is more motivated for sustainable development and overcoming the negative consequences of production than for maintaining the existing state, which reflects the key positive effects of introducing a circular economy.
Reporting of Enterprises in the Conditions of Sustainable Development: Current State, Problems, Prospects, Information Support
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Kononenko Lesya , Sysolina Nataliia ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Chumachenko Olha ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: December 2021

The current stage in the development of mankind is characterized by low problems that cause serious concerns internationally. To solve them, a so-called "conception of sustainable development" was developed. Most scientists to the main components of sustainable development include respect and concern for the community; environmental dignity; social and economic justice; Democracy, non-violence and peace. One of the main components that ensure the implementation of the concept of sustainable development is its information provision, one of the sources of which is the financial statements formed in the accounting system. However, the modern stage of development is characterized by the discrepancy of information provision of financial statements of enterprises in the needs of users in this direction. This caused the birth of a new reporting paradigm. The emergence of a new reporting paradigm - integrated - is logical, since changes that have taken place over recent years in the institutional accounting environment must be taken into account by improving the accounting methodological apparatus. Integrated reporting makes it possible to combine in a single form of diverse information resources, which informs the adoption of optimal management decisions. In this case, transparency is achieved for all users of the enterprise, its advantages and disadvantages. It is the inability of the existing paradigm of accounting reporting to solve the issues that modern society puts forward to it, caused the need for a new one. The main prerequisite for its emergence was the position of international organizations on sustainable development of society as a single direction, which provides an opportunity to provide both modern and future generations. Integrated reporting is closely linked both with financial and non-financial, is the result of the evolution of the accounting system to ensure information needs of users, increasing the transparency of data, relevancy of the accounting information.
Directions of Economic and Ecological Transformation of Enterprises of the Defence-industrial Complex of Ukraine
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Hutsaliuk Oleksii , Obniavko Tatiana ,   Kirovograd Institute of Human Development «Higher Educational Institution «Open International University ofHuman Development «Ukraine»
Published: December 2021

Since the beginning of the third millennium, ecological safety has become of paramount importance for Ukraine. The cumulative deterioration of the environment, fixed by the annual official reports on the ecological situation in the country, is fraught with irreparable consequences not only for the present generations, but also for descendants. The authors propose to consider the enterprises of the defence-industrial complex (DIC) of Ukraine as those that make a significant contribution to the development of the economy of the country, while not only not destroying the environment, but also contributing to sustainable development. The defence-industrial complex of Ukraine is the basis of the high-tech sector of the Ukrainian economy, which determines its key importance for the functioning and development of the entire national economy, in the current period of change of technological modes, as the enterprises of the Ukrainian defence-industrial complex have a high level of innovation. One of the key features of the domestic defence-industrial complex is that it has the potential to concentrate various types of resources to achieve breakthrough results not only in addressing the issues of creating the latest weapons and military equipment, but also for implementing large-scale projects of national economic importance. This potential for breakthrough development currently remains underutilized, requiring adjustments not only in industrial, but also in state economic policy as a whole. The current state of development of defence industry enterprises is characterized by insufficient economic and environmental sustainability and requires modernization based on global experience in the greening of the military-defence sphere and NATO environmental standards, which will have environmental and economic effects. The obstacles of economic and ecological transformation of enterprises of the defence-industrial complex of Ukraine were identified and a number of managerial decisions that can become drivers to accelerate the economic and ecological transformation of the defence-industrial complex of Ukraine were proposed.
The Theoretical Origins of Management of Innovation Entrepreneurship Development
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Buhaieva Mariia , Demchenko Sofia ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: December 2021

The development of any economic system involves the transformation of the basic characteristics of its participants. In this case, the development itself can be both traditional and innovative. Currently, it is important to consider the innovative type of development at the enterprise level, which means a purposeful process of finding ideas, preparing innovations and their implementation, to increase their efficiency, and for society - to increase needs, the state - to increase the competitiveness of national products in the international market. It is obvious that the development of innovative activity of the enterprise is one of the decisive factors of its successful development. The purpose of this study is a comprehensive study of the theoretical origins of management of innovative entrepreneurship, the formation of a systematic view of the features of innovation management of the enterprise in modern business conditions. A comprehensive study of the theoretical origins of management of innovative entrepreneurship development was carried out, in particular, the emergence of views on the essence of such concepts as “innovation”, “innovative enterprise”, “innovative entrepreneurship”, “development of innovative entrepreneurship” were analyzed in the article. The authors suggest their own interpretation of such categories taking into account the analysis of domestic and foreign approaches and theoretical provisions for this problems in the modern understanding. Also, a systematic presentation of the features of management of the innovative activity of an enterprise in modern economic conditions was formed. The authors believe that for successful management of innovative development of the enterprise there should be a "smart" management system of innovative development of the enterprise. The purpose of the IDE management is to increase the competitiveness of the enterprise - the stable market position for continuous development in a constantly changing external and internal environment. Features of managing the development of innovative entrepreneurship at the present stage are the following: the ability and readiness of the economic entity to positive change, progress; the sequence of management actions that realize the innovation potential; quantitative changes in the relevant "growth points"; qualitative changes based on cooperation and rivalry between market participants for better conditions of production, purchase and sale of goods. It should be noted that management of innovation entrepreneurship development should have the support of the state in the context of Ukraine's innovation policy. The prospects for further research are related to the improvement of the innovation entrepreneurship management system as a key element for increasing the competitiveness of modern enterprises in a constantly changing external and internal environment.
Development of International Business in the Context of International Management
Authors:   International European University, Navolokina Alla , Buhaieva Mariia ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: December 2021

The article theoretically justifies the development of international business in the context of international management. It shows the periodization of the development of international business, which allows you to select areas of international business activity. The reasons for the implementation of the international business, its nature and scope of international business activity are given and the factors affecting the benefits from the implementation of international business are identified. It was defined the content and main characteristics of international business, its main forms, types and subjects. The properties that are inherent in modern international business were identified.
Stimulating the Development of "Greening" of Ukrainian Industry
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sheludko Ella , Zavgorodnia Mariia ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

The object of this study is the further development of eco-innovations for the rise of industry and the economy. Emphasis is placed on the growing relevance of "green" incentives in line with climate challenges, the economical use of natural resources, as well as the need for a systematic vision of environmental issues and the implementation of international requirements. The study is based on the work of foreign scientists, international rankings and world best practices for the introduction of modern economic mechanisms of state incentives for greening the economy, green modernization, the transition to a circular model of the economy. There is a difference in the implementation of environmental policy - some local projects in Ukraine and the European approach - with the assessment of eco-innovation, systemic change, the formation of ecosystems, scaling technological solutions. The main methods used in the study are: methods of system-structural analysis, analysis and synthesis, grouping - for preliminary analysis and selection of appropriate tools in the study of the implementation of eco-innovation in Ukraine and EU countries; index valuation method and method of comparative analysis - used in the analysis of public policy to stimulate the company to "green" growth; abstract-logical method - used to establish the relationship between the need to introduce new instruments of public policy in the environmental sphere with elements of large-scale reform in the context of climate modernization of industry and to form a systematic vision of major achievements in implementing international requirements for eco-modernization of industrial enterprises. The paper analyzes the forms of international assistance that can compensate for the lack of available financial resources for the purposes of green modernization of the economy in conditions of limited financial capabilities of the state, intensification of competition for European and international environmental investments. The obtained result - a set of possible tools to stimulate Ukrainian industry - allows more systematic implementation of "greening" of Ukrainian industry, and their implementation and combination in a specific mechanism will determine the success of an industrial socially-oriented economy.
State Regulation of Agricultural Lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the 19th - early 20th Centuries: Modern Scientific Discourse
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Zaichenko Volodymyr , Popov Volodymyr ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to consider the modern scientific discourse on agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries and to identify promising areas for further research on this issue. The authors used empirical and theoretical methods of scientific research in particular methods of analysis and synthesis, the method of scientific abstraction, and others characteristic methods of research on economic history to achieve this goal and implement the corresponding research tasks. In recent years, a body of diverse scientific research of historians, economists and lawyers has appeared in Ukraine in which these problems are considered. These works differ both in the depth of study of the problem of agricultural lending and in the range of studied issues. The entire body of works of modern Ukrainian scientists, which forms the modern scientific discourse on the history of agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century, consists of three groups including in particular : 1) research, which are devoted to outstanding economists and theorists of lending of the 19th - early 20th century; 2) works on the history of the Peasant and Noble banks, branches and offices of which operated on the territory of the Ukrainian governorates; 3) research of cooperative crediting. We are obliged to note that despite a significant amount of scientific research on the history of lending (including agricultural lending) in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, today prevail works devoted only to certain aspects of this complex and important scientific problem, without proper cooperation between representatives of various branches of knowledge. In the authors' view, synectics that is scientific cooperation of representatives of various specialties: economists, historians and lawyers, should become promising in studying the history of agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. It allows to solve such a complex scientific problem comprehensively and considering the economic component (determination of the most optimal scientifically grounded lending methods) and the historical as well as anthropological approach and the study of the legal regulation of credit relations. In our opinion, it is exactly the kind of approach, that allows not only to study the problem of the history of agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and early 20th century comprehensively, but also to offer modern lenders a mechanism for developing balanced and affordable credit products that will stimulate the development of the agricultural sector and the economy of Ukraine as a whole.
Valuation of Land Assets of Ukraine by Banks of the Russian Empire in the Early 20th Century
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Shvets Volodymyr
Published: December 2021

The start of the land market in Ukraine began on July 1, 2021, which opened new opportunities for the development of the national economy. At the same time, the issue of assessment of formation of land assets remained insufficiently provided with appropriate mechanisms for the transparency of this market and the establishment of fair land prices. An important component of the formation of a fair valuation of land assets are the previous databases on their sales prices for previous time periods. We do not have such data due to the lack of a land market in Ukraine during the administrative-command system of economic management, being part of the USSR. Therefore, the only systematized databases for the assessment of land assets are studies conducted by the Ministry of the Russian Empire in the early 20th century. This article aims to study the level and dynamics of land asset prices using the historical experience of valuation of Ukrainian land assets by banks of the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century. The article separates and groups data on the valuation of land assets in the Ukrainian provinces, which were part of the Russian Empire. A retrospective analysis of the valuation of land assets in terms of individual regions of Ukraine that were part of the Russian Empire was performed on the basis of selected data. The necessity and importance of today's use of historical experience of valuations of land asset in Ukraine are substantiated in connection with the introduction of the land market. Using the index of change in the value of gold, comparative prices transfer of land assets from the early twentieth century at today's comparable prices. The obtained level of prices for land assets has the prospect of being used as a base during the organization of land auctions to form a fair price for land in Ukraine.