bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Novel Molecular Network Expression in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Matboli Marwa , Shafei Ayman E. , Agwa Sara H.A. , Elzahy Sherif Sammir , Anwar Ahmed K. , Mansour Amr R. , Gaber Ahmed I. , Said Ali E.A. , Lwis Paula , Hamdy Marwa
Published: August 2019

Background:

In the current study, we aimed to analyze the hypothesis that human myocardial- specific extracellular RNAs expression could be used for acute myocardial injury(AMI) diagnosis.

Methodology:

We used bioinformatics’ analysis to identify RNAs linked to ubiquitin system and specific to AMI, named, (lncRNA-RP11-175K6.1), (LOC101927740), microRNA-106b-5p (miR-106b- 5p) and Anaphase, promoting complex 11 (ANapc11mRNA). We measured the serum expression of the chosen RNAs in 69 individuals with acute coronary syndromes, 31 individuals with angina pectoris without MI and non-cardiac chest pain and 31 healthy control individuals by real-time reversetranscription PCR.

Results:

Our study revealed a significant decrease in both lncRNA-RP11-175K6.1 and ANapc11mRNA expression of in the sera samples of AMI patients compared to that of the two control groups alongside with significant upregulation of miR-106b-5p.

Conclusion:

Of note, the investigated serum RNAs decrease the false discovery rate of AMI to 3.2%.
The Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L), A Proposed Remedy as to a Fertile Agent in the Viewpoint of Iranian Traditional Medicine
Authors: Hakimi Fatemeh , Tansaz Mojgan , Mokaberinejad Roshanak
Published: August 2019

Background and Objective:

Infertility is a major problem in medical sciences. Despite
recent advances in diagnosing and treatment of infertility, it is still one of the most important medical
problems. The aim of this study is to review the role of the parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L), a
proposed remedy as to a fertile agent in the viewpoint of Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) and
review the evidence in the conventional medicine.

Methods:

In this literature research, we investigated some important Persian medical and pharmaceutical
manuscripts in ITM. The search was conducted with the keyword of the fertile agent, and
the parsnip was one of the choices mentioned as a fertile agent which is also available. In order assess
the current findings, a search was done in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases.

Results:

In ITM, the parsnip is recognized as a stomach astringent, liver and uterine tonic and Stimulates
ovulation. It is named as semen or sexual desire increaser and fertile agent. In the viewpoint of
ITM, attention to the health of main or vital members of the body (including the heart, brain, and liver)
in addition to the health of the urogenital system, may have led to the treatment of infertility.

Conclusion:

In some studies, the effects of the parsnip on spermatogenesis, number, and sperm motility
are investigated but no studies have been done on women's infertility. This review shows that
the parsnip can be as a fertile agent in female infertility. So, further clinical research is recommended.
The Perception of Physical Health Status in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pozza Andrea , Ferretti Fabio , Coluccia Anna
Published: August 2019

Background:

Physical Health Status is a neglected outcome in clinical practice with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and a systematic review is lacking.

Objective:

The current study presents the first systematic review and meta-analysis summarizing the evidence on (a) perceived Physical Health Status, Bodily Pain and Role Limitations due to Physical Problems in patients with OCD compared with controls, (b) age, gender, severity of OCD symptoms, study publication date, study methodological quality as moderators of perceived Physical Health Status.

Methods:

Case-control studies were included if they (a) compared OCD patients with healthy/general population participants as controls, and (b) used validated self-report instruments. Two reviewers searched electronic databases, contacted corresponding authors, and examined reference lists/conference proceedings/theses.

Results:

Fourteen studies were included. A large significant negative effect size without publication bias showed that controls reported higher perceived Physical Health Status than patients with OCD. Medium and small effect sizes favouring controls emerged for Role Limitations due to Physical Problems and Bodily Pain, respectively. Higher age, females percentage, and publication date were associated with larger effect sizes; higher OCD severity and methodological quality were associated with smaller effect sizes.

Conclusion:

Perceived Physical Health should be evaluated and addressed by clinicians during treatment, particularly with older, female and less severe patients. Lifestyle interventions might be implemented.
Effects of Different Application Techniques on Nanohybrid Composite Restorations Clinical Success
Authors: Al-Sheikh Rasha
Published: August 2019

Introduction:

Dental composites have been used as a restorative material for a long time. However, they have their limitations.

Aims:

This study evaluated the effects of placement techniques on the clinical performance of class I composite resin restorations.

Methods:

A total of 40 patients with split-mouth design participated in this study. Each patient had two fillings according to the placement technique (either bulk or incremental packing) of the composite resin restorations. Group (A): was packed by Tetric EvoCeram bulk-fill composite resin and Group (B): was incrementally packed with Tetric EvoCeram composite resin. Restorations of the teeth were evaluated on the same day, at one week, 3 months and 6 months to determine any signs of failure according to the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria.

Results:

At different follow-up periods, the results showed no significant differences for retention, marginal integrity, surface stain, gingival bleeding, and secondary caries; however, there were significant differences in color match, surface texture, and postoperative sensitivity.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that the nanohybrid resin composites demonstrated excellent clinical performance for 6 months follow up period.
Serum CYFRA 21-1 but not Vimentin is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Kanaji Nobuhiro , Kadota Kyuichi , Tadokoro Akira , Inoue Takuya , Watanabe Naoki , Haba Reiji , Kadowaki Norimitsu , Ishii Tomoya
Published: August 2019

Background:

Cytokeratins and Vimentin are intermediate filament proteins. Vimentin expression in tissue samples has been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients who underwent surgery. CYFRA 21-1 (Cytokeratin 19 Fragment) is a well known tumor marker.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of serum vimentin as a tumor marker and significance of CYFRA 21-1 and vimentin expression on prognosis of advanced lung cancer patients.

Methods:

One hundred and four advanced lung cancer patients and 19 non-lung cancer patients were included. A total of 157 clinical samples obtained from 113 patients was used for immunostaining of vimentin and measurements of CYFRA 21-1 and vimentin concentrations.

Results:

Compared to low concentration, high concentration of serum CYFRA 21-1 was associated with shorter overall survival in lung cancer patients. However, there was no difference in the serum vimentin concentration between the patients with lung cancer and those with non-lung cancer. No difference in vimentin concentration was observed between the malignant and non-malignant pleural effusions. Immunostaining revealed that of the 43 tumor samples, 21 were positive and 22 were negative for vimentin. No significant difference was found in overall survival between patients with positive and negative for vimentin.

Conclusion:

An elevated serum CYFRA 21-1 concentration was associated with shorter overall survival in advanced lung cancer patients. However, serum vimentin was not as useful as a tumor marker of lung cancer. The vimentin positivity in tumor samples might not predict patients’ prognosis in patients with advanced lung cancer.
Antibacterial and Bioactive Composite Bone Cements
Authors: Verné Enrica , Foroni Filippo , Lucchetta Giovanni , Miola Marta
Published: August 2019

Background::

Peri-prosthetic infections are characterized by high resistance to systemic antibiotic
therapy. In this work, commercial PMMA-based bone cement has been loaded with a bioactive glass doped
with silver ions, with the purpose to prepare composite bone cement containing a single inorganic phase with
both bioactive and antibacterial properties, able to prevent bacterial contamination.

Methods::

The glass distribution in the polymeric matrix, the composites radio-opacity, the bending strength
and modulus, the morphology of the fracture surfaces, the bioactivity in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) and the
antibacterial effect were evaluated. The glass particles dispersion in the polymeric matrix and their exposition
on the polymer surface have been assessed by morphological and compositional characterizations via Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS).

Results::

The introduction of the silver-doped bioactive glass allowed imparting an intrinsic radio-opacity to the
cement. The bending strength and modulus were influenced by the glass preparation, amount and grain-size.
The polymeric matrix did not affect the composite ability to induce hydroxyapatite precipitation on its surface
(bioactivity). Moreover, antibacterial test (inhibition halo evaluation) revealed a significant antibacterial effect
toward S. aureus, Bacillus, E. coli and C. albicans strains.

Conclusion::

The obtained results motivate further investigations and future in vivo tests.
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in Men Who have Sex with Men in Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire: A Qualitative Evaluation of Acceptability
Authors: Pelletier Sara Jeanne , Gagnon Marie-Pierre , Diabaté Souleymane , Kra Ouffoué , Biékoua Yadjoro Josué , Osso Gbahonnon Dorothée , Diané Bamourou , N’Dhatz-Ebagnitchié Méliane , Ahouada Carin , Alary Michel
Published: August 2019

Background:

HIV remains an important public health issue throughout the world. In Côte d’Ivoire, a high burden of HIV is observed in men who have sex with men (MSM).

Objective:

We assessed the acceptability of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire.

Methods:

We conducted and analysed four focus groups with 31 HIV-negative MSM and eight in-depth individual interviews with participants recruited from the focus groups.

Results:

Four MSM (13%) were aware of PrEP before participating in the study. All the participants were interested in taking PrEP if available: 19 (61.3%) would prefer the daily regimen and 12 (38.7%) would opt for the on-demand regimen. Many advantages of PrEP were mentioned: protection in case of a condom break, protection in case of high-risk sexual behaviour, self-reliance, decreasing HIV fear and ease of use. Barriers to the use of PrEP included: it does not protect against other Sexually Transmitted Tnfections (STIs), taking a pill regularly is necessary, the size of the pill, possibility of side effects, the cost and accessibility. Six participants (19.3%) admitted that they would use condoms less if they take PrEP.

Conclusion:

Findings indicate that PrEP is acceptable within the MSM community. Implementation should be done rapidly, and PrEP should be part of a global prevention program which includes counselling, STI screening and promotion of safe sex practices. Health authorities should consider PrEP for all high-risk groups to avoid worsening stigmatization by targeting MSM only.
Особенности МПЭ ПА синтеза слоев n-=SUP=-+-=/SUP=--GaN на виртуальных подложках GaN/c-Al-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Мизеров А.М. , Тимошнев С.Н. , Никитина Е.В. , Соболев М.С. , Шубин К.Ю. , Березовская Т.Н. , Мохов Д.В. , Лундин В.В. , Николаев А.Е. , Буравлев А.Д.
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe results obtained in a study of the synthesis of n ^+-GaN layers by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy on GaN/ c -Al_2O_3 templates are reported. In particular, a method is developed for the pre-epitaxial cleaning of the GaN surfaces of templates to remove foreign atoms. It is shown that, to form GaN layers of comparatively good quality, including those doped with silicon up to ~4 . 6 × 10^19 cm^–3, GaN template surfaces should be pre-epitaxially cleaned in a flow of activated nitrogen particles, with the substrate temperature increased from T _ S = 400 to 600°C and the substrate surface subsequently exposed to a flow of activated nitrogen at a fixed value of T _ S = 600°C for 1 h. After that the substrate temperature should be raised to T _ S = 700°C and the GaN surface finally cleaned by means of a procedure for gallium deposition/desorption.
Комплексное применение спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния света и фотолюминесценции для диагностики многослойных гетероструктур
Authors: Планкина С.М. , Вихрова О.В. , Звонков Б.Н. , Зубков С.Ю. , Крюков Р.Н. , Нежданов А.В. , Павлов Д.А. , Пашенькин И.Ю. , Сушков А.А.
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe results of studying GaInAs/GaInP/GaAs photodiode structures grown by metal–organic vapor-phase epitaxy are reported. A procedure for the diagnostics of such multilayer structures is developed. The procedure is based on the application of Raman spectroscopy in combination with photoluminescence spectroscopy in the mode of the lateral scanning of transverse cleavages. The compositions of the GaInAs and GaInP solid solutions are determined.
Численное моделирование вольт-амперных характеристик двуслойной резистивной памяти на основе нестехиометрических оксидов металлов
Authors: Умнягин Г.М. , Дегтярев В.Е. , Оболенский C.В.
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe current–voltage characteristics of a resistive-memory structure based on non-stoichiometric tantalum oxides is numerically simulated. The results of pulsed studies of structures with different shapes of the conductive filament, such as a truncated cone with different generatrix inclination angles, are presented. It is shown how the shape and total volume of the conductive filament affects the current amplitude and the number of pulses necessary for complete filament breaking and restoration.
Моделирование образования каскада смещений и переходных ионизационных процессов в кремниевых полупроводниковых структурах при нейтронном воздействии
Authors: Забавичев И.Ю. , Потехин А.А. , Пузанов А.С. , Оболенский С.В. , Козлов В.А.
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe formation of a disordered defect region in bulk silicon is simulated using the molecular-dynamics method for various energies of a primary recoil atom. Variations in the volume and number of radiation-induced defects in a cluster during its formation are calculated. The generation rates of nonequilibrium carriers and amplitude-temporal dependences of pulses of ionization currents in test Schottky diodes with hyperhigh frequencies are found theoretically.
Стимулированное терагерцовое излучение доноров висмута в одноосно-деформированном кремнии при внутрицентровом оптическом возбуждении
Authors: Жукавин Р.Х. , Павлов С.Г. , Pohl A. , Абросимов Н.В. , Riemann H. , Redlich B. , Hubers H.-W. , Шастин В.Н.
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe results of the experimental observation of stimulated terahertz emission under optical intracenter excitation of uniaxially strained bismuth-doped silicon are presented. Pumping in the presented experiment is performed using a FELIX free-electron laser. It is shown that uniaxial strain of the silicon crystal leads to a significant change in the stimulated emission spectrum of the impurity.
О природе магнитных осцилляций в высокотемпературных сверхпроводниках YBCO
Authors: Григорьев П.Д. , Могилюк Т.И. , Хамзаулы Асет
Published: August 2019

AbstractPossible causes of magnetic oscillations with a low frequency of about 2% of the Brillouin zone, observed in high-temperature superconductors of the YBCO family, are studied. A scenario is proposed in which the observed frequency is proportional to the difference of the bilayer-split closed pockets in the Fermi surface rebuilt due to scattering to charge-density-wave vectors. A method is proposed for experimental determination of which of the four possible scenarios for the rise of these magnetic oscillations is realized in YBCO.
Эффект близости в сверхпроводящем триплетном спиновом клапане S1/F1/S2/F2
Authors: Гайфуллин Р.Р. , Кушнир В.Н. , Деминов Р.Г. , Тагиров Л.Р. , Куприянов М.Ю. , Голубов А.А.
Published: August 2019

Using the matrix method for solving linearized Usadel equations in the multimode approximation, the critical temperatures of the multilayer structures of the Superconductor / Ferromagnet / Ferromagnet (S/F/F) type has been obtained. The influence of an additional superconductor layer on the effects of the three-layer spin valve has been considered. In comparison with the additional normal layer in an S/F/N/F structure, the possibility of increasing the efficiency of the spin valve modes in a structure with an additional superconducting layer S instead of N has been discussed. The support by RSF (grant No. 18-12-00459) is gratefully acknowledged.
Магнитная структура разбавленных ферритов-гранатов
Authors: Кудасов Ю.Б. , Козабаранов Р.В.
Published: August 2019

A model of the magnetic structure of diluted iron garnets with non-magnetic ions in the dodecahedral sublattice is presented. Dilution of magnetic iron sublattices is assumed to be selective: in the limiting case, the replacement of iron with non-magnetic ions occurs only in the tetrahedral sublattice. Then iron ions in the octahedral environment have a variable number of nearest magnetic neighbors, that is why, octahedral sublattices are introduced depending on the number of magnetic neighbors. It is shown that this model well describes the magnetic properties of dilute ferrite garnets with compensation point.
Взаимодействие ферромагнитных слоев через магнитную перемычку
Authors: Пашенькин И.Ю. , Горев Р.В. , Фраерман А.А.
Published: August 2019

Using the methods of micromagnetic modeling, the dependence of the structure and energy of a domain wall localized in the magnetic bridge between ferromagnetic films on the geometric parameters of the system has been investigated. The effect of displacement and change in the shape of the magnetization curve of the soft magnetic layer caused by the exchange interaction with the magnetic hard layer through a magnetic filament has been demonstrated.
Термочувствительный спиновый клапан на основе искусственного ферримагнетика: процесс намагничивания в широком диапазоне полей
Authors: Свалов А.В. , Степанова Е.А. , Васьковский В.О. , Курляндская Г.В.
Published: August 2019

In this work, Gd-Co/Co/Cu/ Co-type thin film structures with the properties of thermo-sensitive spin valves have been developed, fabricated and investigated. For them, the results of magnetic and magnetoresistive measurements in a wide range of magnetic fields and temperatures are presented. It is shown that the appearance of a non-collinear magnetic structure in the Gd-Co/Co system significantly affects the shape of the magnetoresistive hysteresis loop. The value of the critical field of magnetization reversal depends on the temperature and can vary due to a change in the ratio between the layers thicknesses of the thin film system.
Приближение Бете для двумерной спин-псевдоспиновой системы
Authors: Панов Ю.Д. , Москвин А.С. , Улитко В.А. , Чиков А.А.
Published: August 2019

A two-dimensional spin-pseudospin model is considered, which generalizes a diluted antiferromagnetic Ising model with charged nonmagnetic impurities in the case of two types of charges. The analytical results in the Bethe approximation are compared with the results of numerical simulation using the classical Monte Carlo method for various parameters.
Управление обтеканием круглого цилиндра с помощью коронного разряда
Authors: Ренев М.Е. , Сафронова Ю.Ф. , Стишков Ю.К.
Published: August 2019

In the paper an influence of ion wind caused by positive corona discharge on a bulk motion near a circular cylinder at Reynolds numbers 2400, 3200 was studied. The geometry of the cylinder-wire electrodes was considered for two positions of the active electrode relative to the cylinder: behind the cylinder and two symmetrical wires above and below the cylinder. A direct numerical simulation of electrohydrodynamic problem was performed. The original unipolar model of the corona discharge was used. The impact of a thin jet of ion wind directed from the active electrode to the cylinder on vortex wake behind the cylinder and the drag force was considered. It was shown that when two active electrodes are placed above and below cylinder, the electric wind prevents the formation of the Karman vortex street and also significantly reduces the aerodynamic resistance of cylinder. When the active electrode is located behind the cylinder, the corona discharge and the ion wind lead to the formation and development of large vortices in the wake of the cylinder, which leads to significant fluctuations in the aerodynamic drag. It was shown that corona discharge significantly changes Karman vortex street properties. Specifically with an increase in the voltage to 30 kV, the vortex detachment frequency decreases by 2.5 times, the size of the vortices and the speed of their rotation dramatically grow. The drag force is quasi-periodic, its average value linearly depends on the applied voltage.
Кинетическая теория пристеночного слоя при произвольных условиях в газоразрядной плазме
Authors: Мурильо O. , Мустафаев А.С. , Сухомлинов В.С.
Published: August 2019

For an arbitrary relation of the Debye length to the ion free path, based on the kinetic approach, it was solved the self consistent problem of the structure of the perturbed wall sheath in a DC plasma gas discharge, near a flat surface at a negative potential in relation to the plasma. The solution was obtained without an artificial separation of the perturbed wall sheath into a quasineutral "presheath" and a wall sheath where quasineutrality is substantially violated. They were taken into account the real ion distribution function in the unperturbed plasma, the dependence of the charge exchange cross section on the ion energy, and the nonzero electric field in the unperturbed plasma. It was found that, if the mean electron energy is preserved, the structure of the perturbed wall sheath weakly depends on the form of the electron distribution function. It was shown that, even under the assumption that the mean electron energy is much higher than the mean ion energy, is the mean ion energy in the unperturbed plasma the one that has a significant effect both on the structure of the quasineutral "presheath" and on the structure of a part of the wall sheath, where there is no quasineutrality. The calculations of the parameters of the ion flux and the structure of the perturbed wall sheath are in agreement with other authors’ experimental results that didn’t have previously an adequate interpretation.
Влияние водорода на флуктуационное охрупчивание алюминия
Authors: Индейцев Д.А. , Осипова Е.В.
Published: August 2019

The main processes occurring during vacancy generation in aluminum in the presence of hydrogen are described on the base of ab initio methods using the meta-functional SCAN. It was shown that hydrogen reduces the vacancy generation energy from 2.8 eV to 0.8 eV. In this case, eight hydrogen atoms located in the tetrahedral voids of the lattice around one aluminum atom make it much easier for it to move to the interstitial site. In accordance with the kinetic concept of embrittlement the dependence of the activation energy of hydrogen embrittlement of aluminum is calculated on the concentration of hydrogen and temperature. It is shown that hydrogen reduces the time of aluminum embrittlement only if its concentration in aluminum is more than critical one (~3⋅〖10〗^(-4) at T=293 K).
Влияние механических напряжений в пластине из алюминиевого сплава Д16 на генерацию акустических колебаний лазерным излучением
Authors: Глазов А.Л. , Муратиков К.Л.
Published: August 2019

The process of laser generation of ultrasound in metals with internal mechanical stresses is analyzed. The features of the photoacoustic signal behavior near the hole in the D16 alloy plate when subjected to mechanical stresses are investigated. The discrepancy between the experimental results and the predictions of the thermodynamic model of the dependence of the coefficient of thermal expansion on mechanical stresses has been revealed. To correctly describe the features of the signal behavior in real metals, it was proposed to take into account the effect of the electronic subsystem on the laser generation of acoustic vibrations.
Роль кулоновского взаимодействия электронов адсорбата и субстрата: модель поверхностного димера
Authors: Давыдов С.Ю. , Зубов А.В. , Лебедев А.А.
Published: August 2019

Coulomb interaction in adsorption system is reduced to the short-range
repulsion of the electrons of adsorbed particle and substrate surface atom which are
considered as the surface dimer. It is shown that the account of such an interaction
leads to the increase of charge transfer between the dimer’s components and decrease of charge transfer between dimer and metallic substrate due to the
Fermi level variation.
Идентификация Н-связей кальцинированного аортального клапана
Authors: Иванов-Омский В.И. , Рутковский К.С. , Гуляев Н.И. , Галенко А.С. , Ястребов С.Г.
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe IR absorption spectra of subendothelial regions of the aortic valve cusps of a patient with calcified aortic stenosis diagnosis were measured by the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy technique in a frequency interval of 2500–3600 cm^–1 and analyzed in comparison to the spectra of healthy human tissues and reference spectra of a pig’s healthy bone and aortic valve. The IR absorption band structure in this spectral region was studied by means of expansion into Gaussian components. The energies of hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) involving O–H groups were estimated. It is established that, among all samples studied, the energy of H-bonds between hydroxyl groups reaches maximum in the bone tissue.
Влияние градиента концентрации плазмы на возбуждение ионно-циклотронных колебаний в омических разрядах токамака ТУМАН-3М
Authors: Белокуров А.А. , Абдуллина Г.И. , Аскинази Л.Г. , Жубр Н.А. , Корнев В.А. , Крикунов С.В. , Лебедев С.В. , Разуменко Д.В. , Тукачинский А.С.
Published: August 2019

In TUMAN-3M tokamak ohmic hydrogen and deuterium discharges oscillations with ion cyclotron (IC) frequency were detected. Fast magnetic probes poloidal array in TUMAN-3M is capable of detecting several harmonics of IC frequency of main plasma isotope. Fuel pellet injection significantly reduces IC oscillations intensity, though after complete pellet evaporation returns to initial level. IC oscillations localization and excitation conditions are of certain interest. Based on drift-cyclotron instability excitation theory and numerical modeling of scenarios with ohmic LH-transition and pellet-injection plasma parameters (density gradient primarily) effect on IC oscillations excitation was studied.
Electronic Health Self-Management Interventions for Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Systematic Review of Quantitative and Qualitative Evidence
Authors: Shen Hongxia , van der Kleij Rianne M J J , van der Boog Paul J M , Chang Xinwei , Chavannes Niels H
Published: August 2019

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a major challenge to public health. In CKD patients, adequate disease self-management has been shown to improve both proximal and distal outcomes. Currently, electronic health (eHealth) interventions are increasingly used to optimize patients’ self-management skills.

Objective

This study aimed to systematically review the existing evidence regarding the implementation and effectiveness of eHealth self-management interventions for patients with CKD.

Methods

Following a search in 8 databases (up to November 2017), quantitative and qualitative data on process and effect outcomes were extracted from relevant studies. Quality was appraised using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool; narrative synthesis was performed to analyze the data extracted.

Results

Of the 3307 articles retrieved, 24 (comprising 23 studies) were included in this review; of these, almost half were appraised to be of low to moderate quality. There was considerable heterogeneity in the types of interventions used and the outcomes measured. A total of 10 effect and 9 process outcome indicators were identified. The most frequently reported effect outcome indicators were specific laboratory tests and blood pressure (BP), whereas satisfaction was the most frequently reported process outcome indicator. Positive effects were found for proximal outcomes (eg, BP control and medication adherence), and mixed effects were found for more distal outcomes (eg, quality of life). High feasibility, usability, and acceptability of and satisfaction with eHealth self-management interventions were reported. The determinant ability of health care professionals to monitor and, if necessary, anticipate on patient measurements online was mostly cited to influence patients’ adherence to interventions.

Conclusions

eHealth self-management interventions have the potential to improve disease management and health outcomes. To broaden the evidence base and facilitate intervention upscaling, more detailed descriptions and thorough analysis of the intervention components used are required. In addition, our review reveals that outcomes closely related to the scope and duration of the intervention implemented are most likely to be impacted. For instance, if a 4-week Web-based training to optimize disease management skills is implemented, the outcome perceived control would more likely be affected than kidney function. Although this seems obvious, most studies evaluate only distal outcomes and thereby fail to capture intervention effects that might contribute to long-term health improvement. We advise future researchers to carefully consider their choice of outcomes based on their sensitivity for change. In this way, we ensure that relevant effects are captured and legitimate conclusions are drawn.
Evaluation of Heart Failure Apps to Promote Self-Care: Systematic App Search
Authors: Wali Sahr , Demers Catherine , Shah Hiba , Wali Huda , Lim Delphine , Naik Nirav , Ghany Ahmad , Vispute Ayushi , Wali Maya , Keshavjee Karim
Published: August 2019

Background

Heart failure (HF) is a chronic disease that affects over 1% of Canadians and at least 26 million people worldwide. With the continued rise in disease prevalence and an aging population, HF-related costs are expected to create a significant economic burden. Many mobile health (mHealth) apps have been developed to help support patients’ self-care in the home setting, but it is unclear if they are suited to the needs or capabilities of older adults.

Objective

This study aimed to identify HF apps and evaluate whether they met the criteria for optimal HF self-care.

Methods

We conducted a systematic search of all apps available exclusively for HF self-care across Google Play and the App Store. We then evaluated the apps according to a list of 25 major functions pivotal to promoting HF self-care for older adults.

Results

A total of 74 apps for HF self-care were identified, but only 21 apps were listed as being both HF and self-care specific. None of the apps had all 25 of the listed features for an adequate HF self-care app, and only 41% (31/74) apps had the key weight management feature present. HF Storylines received the highest functionality score (18/25, 72%).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that currently available apps are not adequate for use by older adults with HF. This highlights the need for mHealth apps to refine their development process so that user needs and capabilities are identified during the design stage to ensure the usability of the app.
El Divino Rostro y la danza de Santiagos en el Acolhuacan Septentrional: ¿ixiptla en el siglo XXI?
Authors: Robichaux David , Moreno Carvallo José Manuel
Published: August 2019

En una danza de Moros y Cristianos de la Región Texcocana, el personaje de Santiago porta una careta realista conocida como el Divino Rostro. La gente rechaza el apelativo de “máscara” para este objeto que consideran milagroso, y cree que quien lo porta se convierte en santo, incluso, en Jesucristo. El presente artículo documenta las prácticas y creencias en torno al Divino Rostro, y las reglas que tienen que observar quienes están en cercano contacto con él para que “esté contento”. Se hace una breve revisión de trabajos sobre personificaciones de dioses, destacando semejanzas entre el material etnográfico y la noción de ixiptla de los antiguos mexicanos. Se discute la particularidad del fenómeno descrito y se genera una propuesta de cómo pudo haber persistido este concepto a pesar de la aparente modernización de la región.Abstract: In a dance of Moors and Christians in the region of Texcoco, the character playing the role of St. James wears a realistic mask known as the Divine Face. People reject calling it a “mask” because they consider it a miraculous object, and they believe the person who wears it becomes a saint, or even Jesus Christ. This paper documents the practices and beliefs centered on the Divine Face, and the rules that must be observed by those who are in close contact with him, so he will “be happy”. We briefly review studies concerning the personification of gods, pointing out similarities between the ethnographic material and the concept of ixiptla among the ancient Mexicans. We discuss the distinctive features of the described phenomenon, and present a proposal of how this concept has persisted in spite of the apparent modernization of the region.Résumé : Dans le cadre d’une danse de Maures et Chrétiens de la région de Texcoco, le personnage de Saint-Jacques porte un masque réaliste appelé Divino Rostro (Divin visage). La population refuse de donner le nom de « masque » à cet objet auquel elle prête un caractère miraculeux puisqu’il transforme son porteur en Saint-Jacques, voire en Jésus lui-même. Cet article documente les pratiques et les croyances entourant ce Divin Visage ainsi que les règles devant être observées par ceux qui entrent en contact avec lui, afin de ne pas le mécontenter. Nous faisons ici un bref rappel des études sur la personnification des dieux en soulignant les approchements possibles entre les données relevées par les ethnologues et la notion d’ixiptla des anciens Mexicains. Nous discuterons des particularités du phénomène étudié avant de proposer une explication concernant la persistance de cette notion malgré l’apparente modernisation de la région.
Effects of Scopolamine on Conditioning of Lever Pressing
Authors: Juárez Yectivani , González-Martín Gabriela , Bernal-Gamboa Rodolfo , Carranza Rodrigo , Nieto Javier , Meneses Alfredo , Sánchez-Carrasco Livia
Published: August 2019

The aim of this work was to determine the effects of scopolamine, a cholinergic antagonist, on the conditioning of an instrumental response and the contextual conditioning of this response. Five groups of rats were trained to lever-press on a Variable Interval 30 s schedule in context A. Scopolamine was administered 15 min before each conditioning session to AB 0.01 mg/kg, AB 0.10 mg/kg and AB 1.00 mg/kg groups. The AA Saline and AB Saline groups received saline injections.Contextual conditioning of the lever-pressing response was assessed in one extinction session. The AA group received this extinction session in the conditioning context (A), while the AB groups received this session in a different context (B). Results showed that scopolamine impaired the conditioning of the lever-pressing response but no effects on contextual conditioning were found.
Adquisición y Dinámica de Preferencias en Programas Múltiples de Reforzamiento
Authors: Zamora Arévalo Oscar , Bouzas Riaño Arturo
Published: August 2019

Ocho palomas fueron entrenadas en programas múltiples de reforzamiento Razón Variable-Razón Variable (mult RV-RV) con cambios rápidos e imprevistos en las distribuciones de refuerzo en ambos componentes del programa múltiple. El objetivo principal fue evaluar cómo se ajustan las tasas de respuestas a cambios abruptos y no señalados en las condiciones de reforzamiento en distintos períodos y en particular determinar si la dinámica del ajuste del comportamiento es dirigida por la razón o por la diferencia en las probabilidades en las tasas de reforzamiento obtenido en dos componentes de un programa múltiple. Los principales hallazgos fueron que cuando las diferencias entre dos programas de reforzamiento (pobre y rico) son constantes, el desarrollo de la preferencia por una de las respuestas del programa múltiple fue más rápido cuando la razón de las probabilidades de reforzamiento fue mayor (5 a 1), lo cual es congruente con los resultados obtenidos en programas de reforzamiento concurrentes. Sin embargo, cuando la razón se mantuvo constante, la tasa de adquisición no fue más rápida cuando la diferencia entre la probabilidad de reforzamiento fue mayor, hallazgo distinto al reportado en experimentos con programas concurrentes. Los resultados resaltan la importancia de la discriminabilidad en probabilidades de reforzamiento entre la fase de entrenamiento y de transición.
Globalização e superação da soberania moderna
Authors: Wloch Fabrício , Nunes Vizzotto Juliana
Published: August 2019

Este artigo investiga a superação da Soberania moderna no mundo globalizado. A importância do tema é que, diante da flexibilização da Soberania, elementos externos passam a influir diretamente nas decisões internas dos países e, consequentemente, na vida do povo. É apresentado em quatro itens, a saber: Estado Moderno; Soberania; Globalização; e superação da Soberania moderna. Chegou-se às seguintes conclusões: a Soberania é um elemento do Estado Moderno que vem sofrendo adaptações frente aos atuais fenômenos sociais, especialmente a Globalização, que acarreta crise no Direito, na Democracia e no próprio modelo de Estado. Pensa-se na desconstrução do Estado Moderno diante da superação do conceito de Soberania e admissão do Direito Transnacional para incluir, num modelo de cooperação e solidariedade, todas as normas que regulam atos ou fatos que transcendem fronteiras nacionais. No que se refere ao procedimento metodológico, o trabalho foi desenvolvido sob o método indutivo. A pesquisa foi bibliográfica e documental.
Por uma política pública de acesso à justiça juvenil restaurativa: para além do Poder Judiciário
Authors: Orsini Adriana Goulart de Sena , Silva Lucas Jeronimo Ribeiro da
Published: August 2019

A Justiça Juvenil Restaurativa denota uma sistematização ainda atual e incipiente de assunção de novos mecanismos plurais de acesso à justiça ao jovem. Na América Latina, a grande quantidade de jovens em relação aos países anglo-saxões se desdobra em diversos impasses a serem transpostos e geridos internamente, devido ao modelo estatal tradicional representado pela Justiça Retributiva. Tem-se que a Justiça ao jovem não é apenas uma prerrogativa do Poder Judiciário, mas que impende para uma gestão democrático-compartilhada da administração da Justiça, considerada por uma ampla perspectiva de atuação do Poder Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário em suas várias esferas federativas. Visa-se, com este artigo, problematizar o acesso plural à justiça, compreendido como conjunto de medidas em caráter de política pública de tripla intervenção, no âmbito da prevenção, gestão e solução de conflitos sociais. Será analisado o papel do eixo de acesso à justiça do Sistema de Garantia de Direitos (SGD) da Criança e do Adolescente no Brasil em conformação a uma Justiça de efetivação de direitos aos jovens, com enfrentamento das desigualdades sociais, econômicas, políticas e culturais introjetadas em um modelo arcaico de “etiquetamento” das diferenças e do “outro” social.
Soft positivismo hartiano como substrato teórico para uma reflexão sobre a Lei Portuguesa 25/2012 de Testamento Vital
Authors: Almeida Maira Gondim , Almeida Maria José Guedes Gondim , Gondim Almeida Igor Antonio
Published: August 2019

O presente estudo possui como escopo precípuo estabelecer uma reflexão com base no substrato teórico da tese do Soft Positivismo Hartiano e a Lei 25/2012 de Testamento Vital. Essa análise será construída a partir da Teoria Descritiva do Direito, apresentada por Herbert Hart em sua obra “Conceito de Direito” (1961). Em sua Teoria, Hart concebe um Sistema Jurídico Complexo composto de regras primárias e secundárias, no qual a regra de reconhecimento estabelece critérios do ponto de vista interno, que atribuem validade ao Direito. Partindo dessa contextualização nos propomos a refletir acerca da Lei 25/2012 de Testamento Vital que regula as Diretivas Antecipadas de Vontade (DAV) em Portugal, tendo como pano de fundo as conexões contingentes entre Direito e Moral concebidas por Hart, que o caracteriza como um Juspositivista Inclusivo de Validade Normativa Social.
A imaginação sociológica do Supremo? Amassamento e má-fé constitucional: os limites do STF na reforma política a partir e além da história perdida da Doutrina das Questões Políticas
Authors: Pádua Thiago Aguiar de
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo realiza uma abordagem a partir e além da imaginação sociológica sobre o Supremo Tribunal, buscando refletir sobre os conceitos de amassamento e limites da reforma política, dialogando sobre a história perdida da doutrina das questões políticas. Alega-se que o Tribunal não pode criar mecanismos do jogo democrático, pois ele é um representante, não da população, mas daqueles que elegeram seus membros. Neste sentido, a imaginação sociológica do Supremo como um Abridor de Latas, um Martelo, um Vibrador e uma Bicicleta: instrumentos de ação.
Questões controversas sobre a aplicação da “Lei Maria da Penha" no âmbito do Direito Penal
Authors: Horta Frederico Gomes de Almeida , Burrel Marina Ferreira de Melo , Faria Matheus Pessoa de
Published: August 2019

RESUMOO trabalho aponta e analisa questões controversas da Lei nº 11.340/2006, a partir do contexto no qual se consolidou. Por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas, análises doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais, pretende-se abordar os problemas percebidos na aplicação deste diploma no âmbito penal. Analisa-se, inclusive, um caso prático vivenciado na Divisão de Assistência Judiciária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, demonstrando-se consequências da utilização de dispositivos da “Lei Maria da Penha” de maneira incoerente com a sistemática do processo penal constitucional do Estado Democrático de Direito. Esclarece o procedimento previsto na Lei e suas implicações penais e, a partir disso, questiona a imposição de restrições de liberdade ao suposto agressor no procedimento de medidas protetivas. Destaca, ainda, os problemas relacionados à prisão preventiva na Lei Maria da Penha, especialmente no que toca ao tempo de sua duração e à sua aplicabilidade em infrações puníveis com penas detenção ou mera prisão simples. Por fim, aborda a problemática da prisão preventiva com a finalidade de garantir o cumprimento de medidas protetivas.PALAVRAS-CHAVELei Maria da Penha. Direito Penal. Prisão Preventiva. Crime de desobediência. Contravenções Penais. Detenção. ABSTRACTThe paper points out and analyzes controversial issues of Act 11,340/2006, from the context of its consolidation. Through bibliographical research, doctrinal analysis and case law, it intendeds to address the problems perceived in the application of this Act in the criminal field. It also analyzes a lawsuit sponsored by the "Divisão de Assistência Judiciária" of the "Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais", demonstrating the consequences of the use of provisions of the "Maria da Penha Act" in a manner incoherent with the systematic of constitutional criminal proceedings created by the Rule of Law. It clarifies the procedure provided for in the Act and its criminal implications and, with this, questions the imposition of restrictions of freedom on the supposed aggressor in the procedure of protective measures. It also highlights the problems related to pre-trial detention in the Maria da Penha Law, especially with regard to the duration of the sentence and its applicability to offenses punishable by imprisonment or mere simple arrest. Finally, it addresses the problem of pre-trial detention in order to guarantee compliance with protective measures.KEYWORDS"Maria da Penha" Act. Criminal Law. Pre-trial detention. Contempt of court. Misdemeanor. Detention.
O crédito como objeto de tensão qualificada na relação de consumo e a necessidade de prevenção ao superendividamento
Authors: Soares Dennis Verbicaro , Ataíde Camille Da Silva Azevedo
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo tem por escopo identificar as particularidades da relação entre consumidor e fornecedor de crédito que legitimem o reconhecimento da “hipervulnerabilidade” deste consumidor. O crédito será situado como instrumento fundamental para o desenvolvimento das capacidades humanas, incentivado por todas as dimensões da sociedade de consumo. Todavia, nota-se que a oferta do crédito pelas instituições financeiras e econômicas tem ocorrido de forma invasiva, olvidando-se da ética e da regulamentação pertinente à concessão do crédito responsável. Neste cenário, a falta de informação e esclarecimento sobre as características e consequências do crédito, somado à necessidade de sua aquisição, fragilizam a percepção do consumidor quanto ao assédio ao consumo irresponsável praticado pelos fornecedores e afetam sobremaneira a já mitigada autonomia da vontade deste consumidor. Após a análise do PLS 283/12 no que tange aos deveres de informação e à previsão do “assédio ao consumo”, a pesquisa defende que a condição de hipervulnerabilidade do consumidor de crédito exige medidas mais eficazes e contundentes na proteção deste consumidor e na prevenção do superendividamento, sugerindo, em conclusão, uma ferramenta de avaliação e prevenção do endividamento nas próprias plataformas virtuais dos bancos.
Realidade hegemônica e universalismo europeu: a colonialidade do poder
Authors: Haas Ingrid Freire
Published: August 2019

O Eurocentrismo marcou o que conhecemos como “modernidade”: aniquilou culturas, codificou raças, somatizou as diferenças, impactos sofridos por todos os povos colonizados até hoje, o que chamamos de colonialidade. Neste processo de descobrimento, depois de reconhecido o território colonizado, passavam ao controle e dominação das pessoas, com a justificativa de pacifica-las, de apresentá-las a civilização, a salvação. A modernidade significava a Europa e, nessa perspectiva as relações se tornaram binárias, o que era desenvolvido de um lado e o resto, o que era primitivo, de outro, caracterizado pelas diversas “raças”. Os povos colonizados foram inseridos na modernidade de forma a desacreditar em qualquer forma de mudança, em qualquer pensamento que não participe da lógica europeia, linear e ocidental. Ao reproduzir conceitos e prerrogativas externas, homogeinizadoras, modernas e ocidentais, o indivíduo esquece de seu próprio ser, sua própria raiz aniquilada e encoberta ao longo de tantos anos pelo colonialismo e que ainda refletem a colonialidade.