bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conformations of a highly expressed Z19 α-zein studied with AlphaFold2 and MD simulations
Authors: Christensen Niels Johan
Published: May 2024

α-zeins are amphiphilic maize seed storage proteins with material properties suitable for a multitude of applications e.g., in renewable plastics, foods, therapeutics and additive manufacturing (3D-printing). To exploit their full potential, molecular-level insights are essential. The difficulties in experimental atomic-resolution characterization of α-zeins have resulted in a diversity of published molecular models. However, deep-learning α-zein models are largely unexplored. Therefore, this work studies an AlphaFold2 (AF2) model of a highly expressed α-zein using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The sequence of the α-zein cZ19C2 gave a loosely packed AF2 model with 7 α-helical segments connected by turns/loops. Compact tertiary structure was limited to a C-terminal bundle of three α-helices, each showing notable agreement with a published consensus sequence. Aiming to chart possible α-zein conformations in practically relevant solvents, rather than the native solid-state, the AF2 model was subjected to MD simulations in water/ethanol mixtures with varying ethanol concentrations. Despite giving structurally diverse endpoints, the simulations showed several patterns: In water and low ethanol concentrations, the model rapidly formed compact globular structures, largely preserving the C-terminal bundle. At ≥ 50 mol% ethanol, extended conformations prevailed, consistent with previous SAXS studies. Tertiary structure was partially stabilized in water and low ethanol concentrations, but was disrupted in ≥ 50 mol% ethanol. Aggregated results indicated minor increases in helicity with ethanol concentration. β-sheet content was consistently low (∼1%) across all conditions. Beyond structural dynamics, the rapid formation of branched α-zein aggregates in aqueous environments was highlighted. Furthermore, aqueous simulations revealed favorable interactions between the protein and the crosslinking agent glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The proximity of GMA epoxide carbons and side chain hydroxyl oxygens simultaneously suggested accessible reactive sites in compact α-zein conformations and pre-reaction geometries for methacrylation. The findings may assist in expanding the applications of these technologically significant proteins, e.g., by guiding chemical modifications.
Comparative evaluation of the web-based contiguous cartogram generation tool go-cart.io
Authors: Duncan Ian K. , Gastner Michael T.
Published: May 2024

Area cartograms are map-based data visualizations in which the area of each map region is proportional to the data value it represents. Long utilized in print media, area cartograms have also become increasingly popular online, often accompanying news articles and blog posts. Despite their popularity, there is a dearth of cartogram generation tools accessible to non-technical users unfamiliar with Geographic Information Systems software. Few tools support the generation of contiguous cartograms (i.e., area cartograms that faithfully represent the spatial adjacency of neighboring regions). We thus reviewed existing contiguous cartogram software and compared two web-based cartogram tools: fBlog and go-cart.io. We experimentally evaluated their usability through a user study comprising cartogram generation and analysis tasks. The System Usability Scale was adopted to quantify how participants perceived the usability of both tools. We also collected written feedback from participants to determine the main challenges faced while using the software. Participants generally rated go-cart.io as being more usable than fBlog. Compared to fBlog, go-cart.io offers a greater variety of built-in maps and allows importing data values by file upload. Still, our results suggest that even go-cart.io suffers from poor usability because the graphical user interface is complex and data can only be imported as a comma-separated-values file. We also propose changes to go-cart.io and make general recommendations for web-based cartogram tools to address these concerns.
A survey of educator perspectives toward teaching harm reduction cannabis education
Authors: Downey Molly K. , Bishop Lisa D. , Donnan Jennifer R. , Rowe Emily C. , Harris Nick
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Substance use is common among youth which can adversely affect youth health. Despite the legalization of cannabis in Canada and much of the United States, there is a lack of harm reduction cannabis education in schools. In addition, educators may not feel prepared to teach students about cannabis.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey explored educator perceptions toward teaching harm reduction substance use education to students in grades 4–12. Data analysis included descriptive statistics to evaluate demographic variables, ANOVAs to identify subgroup differences, and inductive thematic analysis to establish themes from open-ended responses. From the sample of 170 educators, the majority were female (77%) and worked as classroom teachers (59%).

Results

Ninety-two percent of educators felt harm reduction was an effective approach to substance use education, and 84% stated that they would feel comfortable teaching cannabis harm reduction education to students. While 68% of educators believed they would be able to recognize if a student was under the influence of cannabis, only 39% felt certain about how to respond to student cannabis use, and just 8% felt that their current teacher training allowed them to intervene and prevent cannabis-related harms. Most educators (89%) expressed interest in harm reduction training, particularly interactive training (70%) and instructor-led lessons (51%). Online curriculum resources were preferred by 57%. Responses differed by gender and age group, with females of any age and educators under 40 reporting greater support of harm reduction approaches and more interest in training.

Conclusion

Educators expressed considerable support for harm reduction substance use education, but many felt unprepared to address this topic with students. The findings identified a need for educator training on harm reduction substance use education, so that educators can help students make informed choices around substance use, thereby promoting youth health and safety.
“The worst thing is lying in bed thinking ‘I want a cigarette’” a qualitative exploration of smoker’s and ex-smoker’s perceptions of sleep during a quit attempt and the use of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia to aid cessation
Authors: Matthews Joe A. , Carlisle Victoria R. , Walker Robert , Dennie Emma J. , Durant Claire , McConville Ryan , Isotalus Hanna K. , Attwood Angela S.
Published: May 2024

Smokers report poorer sleep quality than non-smokers and sleep quality deteriorates further during cessation, increasing risk of smoking relapse. Despite the use of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) to aid quit attempts emerging in the area, little is known about smokers and ex smoker’s experiences of sleep during a quit attempt or their perceptions of CBT-I. This study addresses this gap by exploring smoker’s and ex-smoker’s experiences of the link between smoking and sleep and how this may change as a function of smoking/smoking abstinence. It also explores views of traditional CBT-I components (i.e., perceived feasibility, effectiveness, barriers of use). We conducted semi-structured interviews with current and recently quit smokers (n = 17) between January and September 2022. The framework method was used for analysis. Four themes addressing research questions were described. These included: 1) A viscous cycle; poor sleep quality and negative psychological state during cessation; 2) Perceived engagement and effectiveness; the importance of feasibility, experience, value, identity and psychological state in assessing CBT-I as a cessation tool; 3) Striking a balance; tailoring CBT-I to reduce psychological overload in a time of lifestyle transition; and 4) Personalisation and digital delivery helping overcome psychological barriers during cessation. The analysis suggested during quit attempts smokers experienced a range of sleep problems that could increase risk of relapse due to a negative impact on psychological state. It also revealed participants thought that CBT-I is something they would use during a quit attempt but suggested changes and additions that would improve engagement and be better tailored to quitting smokers. Key additions included the integration of smoking-based cognitive restructuring, starting the intervention prior to a quit attempt, and the need for personalisation and tailoring.
Trends in mortality rates and correlations between intracranial injuries and external causes: A Japanese population study
Authors: Shimada Ryo , Kibayashi Kazuhiko
Published: May 2024

The age-standardized incidence of head trauma in 2016 was 369 per 100,000 people worldwide. The Western Pacific region, including Japan, had the highest incidence. This study aimed to extract ICD-10 code data for intracranial injury (S06) and external causes of morbidity and mortality (V01–Y89), analyze their characteristics and interrelationships, and contribute to these diseases’ prevention, treatment, and prognosis. The number of deaths according to injury type and external cause type of intracranial injury published by the Japanese government was statistically analyzed using JoinPoint, and univariate distribution and multivariate correlation were conducted using JMP Software. From 1999–2021, there was a downward trend in the number of deaths because of intracranial injuries: mortality from intracranial injuries was higher among those aged ≥65 years. Conversely, mortality from intracranial injuries was lower among those aged ≤14 years. Among deaths from intracranial injury, mortality from diffuse brain injury and traumatic subdural hemorrhage was more common. Among deaths from external causes of intracranial injury, mortality from falls, transport accidents, and other unforeseen accidents was more common. Mortality because of intracranial injuries increased significantly during the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. For some age groups and sexes, there were significant inverse correlations of mortality with traumatic subdural hemorrhage and traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage for transport accidents, intentional self-harm and assault, and diffuse brain injury and focal brain injury for falls. We believe that the data presented in this study will be useful for preventing and treating intracranial injuries and for developing administrative measures to reduce intracranial injuries.
Diagnostic accuracy of digital technologies compared with 12-lead ECG in the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation in adults: A protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Sheron Vethanayagam Antony , Surenthirakumaran Rajendra , Gooden Tiffany E. , Y. H. Lip Gregory , Thomas G. Neil , J. Moore David , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah , Kumarendran Balachandran , Subaschandran Kumaran , Kanesamoorthy Shribavan , Uruthirakumar Powsiga , Guruparan Mahesan ,   on behalf of the NIHR Global Health Research Group on Atrial Fibrillation Management
Published: May 2024

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia in the world. AF increases the risk of stroke 5-fold, though the risk can be reduced with appropriate treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis is imperative but remains a global challenge. In low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), a lack of diagnostic equipment and under-resourced healthcare systems generate further barriers. The rapid development of digital technologies that are capable of diagnosing AF remotely and cost-effectively could prove beneficial for LMICs. However, evidence is lacking on what digital technologies exist and how they compare in regards to diagnostic accuracy. We aim to systematically review the diagnostic accuracy of all digital technologies capable of AF diagnosis.

Methods

MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science will be searched for eligible studies. Free text terms will be combined with corresponding index terms where available and searches will not be limited by language nor time of publication. Cohort or cross-sectional studies comprising adult (≥18 years) participants will be included. Only studies that use a 12-lead ECG as the reference test (comparator) and report outcomes of sensitivity, specificity, the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) or the positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV) will be included (or if they provide sufficient data to calculate these outcomes). Two reviewers will independently assess articles for inclusion, extract data using a piloted tool and assess risk of bias using the QUADAS-2 tool. The feasibility of a meta-analysis will be determined by assessing heterogeneity across the studies, grouped by index device, diagnostic threshold and setting. If a meta-analysis is feasible for any index device, pooled sensitivity and specificity will be calculated using a random effect model and presented in forest plots.

Discussion

The findings of our review will provide a comprehensive synthesis of the diagnostic accuracy of available digital technologies capable for diagnosing AF. Thus, this review will aid in the identification of which devices could be further trialed and implemented, particularly in a LMIC setting, to improve the early diagnosis of AF.

Trial registration

Systematic review registration:

PROSPERO registration number is CRD42021290542. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021290542.
All-you-can-eat buffet: A spider-specialized bat species (Myotis emarginatus) turns into a pest fly eater around cattle
Authors: Vescera Chloé , Van Vyve Cécile , Smits Quentin , Michaux Johan R.
Published: May 2024

Determining the dietary spectrum of European insectivorous bats over time is the cornerstone of their conservation, as it will aid our understanding of foraging behavior plasticity in response to plummeting insect populations. Despite the global decline in insects, a restricted number of arthropod pest species thrive. Yet past research has overlooked the potential of European bats to suppress pests harmful to woodlands or livestock, in spite of their economic relevance. Here we investigated the diet composition, its breeding season variations and pest consumption of an insectivorous bat species (Myotis emarginatus), at the northern edge of its range (Wallonia, Belgium). We also explored the prey ecology to gain insight into the hunting strategies and foraging habitats of this bat species. We used DNA metabarcoding to amplify two COI markers within 195 bat droppings collected in June, July and August, thereby identifying 512 prey taxa predominated by Diptera, Araneae and Lepidoptera. Overall, in 97% of the samples we detected at least one of the 58 potential pest taxa, 41 of which targeting trees. The June samples were marked by a diet rich in orb-weaver spiders, in accordance with the archetypal diet of M. emarginatus bats. However, during the highly energy demanding July-August parturition and lactation period, roughly 55% of the dropping samples contained two cattle fly pests (Stomoxys calcitrans and Musca domestica). Moreover, among the 88 Diptera species preyed upon by M. emarginatus in July and August, these flies accounted for around 50% of the taxa occurrences. This plasticity—the switch from a spider-rich to a fly-rich diet—seems providential considering the dramatic ongoing drop in insect populations but this involves ensuring bat-friendly cattle farming. Our results revealed that bats widely consume pest entomofauna, thereby highlighting their potential role as allies of forest managers and farmers.
Effect of an eight-week high-intensity interval training programme on circulating sphingolipid levels in middle-aged adults at elevated cardiometabolic risk (SphingoFIT)—Protocol for a randomised controlled exercise trial
Authors: Carrard Justin , Hofer Manuel , Prechtl Luisa , Fleischlin Eva , Huber Manuel , Gallart-Ayala Hector , Teav Tony , Infanger Denis , Höchsmann Christoph , Koehler Karsten , Hinrichs Timo , Hanssen Henner , Ivanisevic Julijana , Schmidt-Trucksäss Arno
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Evidence indicates that sphingolipid accumulation drives complex molecular alterations promoting cardiometabolic diseases. Clinically, it was shown that sphingolipids predict cardiometabolic risk independently of and beyond traditional biomarkers such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. To date, little is known about therapeutic modalities to lower sphingolipid levels. Exercise, a powerful means to prevent and treat cardiometabolic diseases, is a promising modality to mitigate sphingolipid levels in a cost-effective, safe, and patient-empowering manner.

Methods

This randomised controlled trial will explore whether and to what extent an 8-week fitness-enhancing training programme can lower serum sphingolipid levels of middle-aged adults at elevated cardiometabolic risk (n = 98, 50% females). The exercise intervention will consist of supervised high-intensity interval training (three sessions weekly), while the control group will receive physical activity counselling based on current guidelines. Blood will be sampled early in the morning in a fasted state before and after the 8-week programme. Participants will be provided with individualised, pre-packaged meals for the two days preceding blood sampling to minimise potential confounding. An ’omic-scale sphingolipid profiling, using high-coverage reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, will be applied to capture the circulating sphingolipidome. Maximal cardiopulmonary exercise tests will be performed before and after the 8-week programme to assess patient fitness changes. Cholesterol, triglycerides, glycated haemoglobin, the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, static retinal vessel analysis, flow-mediated dilatation, and strain analysis of the heart cavities will also be assessed pre- and post-intervention. This study shall inform whether and to what extent exercise can be used as an evidence-based treatment to lower circulating sphingolipid levels.

Trial registration

The trial was registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06024291) on August 28, 2023.
E-PROOF: E-intervention for protein intake and resistance training to optimize function: A study protocol
Authors: Krok-Schoen Jessica L. , Chaplow Zachary L. , Chase Cara , Spees Colleen , Rosko Ashley , Naughton Michelle J. , Smith Jade , Soufi Sam , Beck Mike , Focht Brian C.
Published: May 2024

Background

Accounting for more than 60% of cancer survivors, older (≥65 years) cancer survivors have a 2- to 5-fold risk of physical function impairment, compared to cancer-free peers. One strategy to improve physical function is dietary and resistance training interventions, which improve muscle strength and mass by stimulating muscle protein synthesis. The E-PROOF (E-intervention forProtein Intake andResistance Training to OptimizeFunction) study will examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a 12-week randomized controlled trial of an online, tailored nutritional and resistance training education and counseling intervention to improve physical function and associated health outcomes (muscle strength, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), self-efficacy, and weight management).

Methods

In this study, 70 older cancer survivors will be randomized to one of two groups: experimental (receiving remote behavioral counseling and evidence-based education and resources), and control (general survivorship education). We will examine the intervention effects on physical function, muscle strength, HRQoL, self-efficacy, weight, and waist circumference during a 12-week period between the experimental and control groups. Three months following the end of the intervention, we will conduct a follow-up assessment to measure physical function, muscle strength, and HRQoL.

Significance and impact

This study is the first synchronous, online protein-focused diet and resistance training intervention among older cancer survivors. This novel study advances science by promoting independent health behaviors among older cancer survivors to improve health outcomes, and provide foundational knowledge to further address this growing problem on a wider scale through online platforms.
E-cigarette use among university students in Palestine: Prevalence, knowledge, and determinant factors
Authors: Ghanim Mustafa , Rabayaa Maha , Abuawad Mohammad , Saeedi Munther , Amer Johnny
Published: May 2024

Background

Recent reports indicated accelerated rates of e-cigarette use, especially among youth in various Middle Eastern countries, including Palestine. Nevertheless, little is known about knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding this topic in Palestine. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of e-cigarette use among Palestinian university students, along with their knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions about e-cigarette use.

Methods

An observational cross-sectional study, utilizing an online self-administered questionnaire, was conducted on Palestinian students from five universities between 17/04/2023 and 04/11/2023.

Results

A total of 1002 Palestinian university students completed the questionnaire. The prevalence of e-cigarette use among students was 18.1%. The mean knowledge score about e-cigarettes was significantly lower among the users of e-cigarettes compared to non-users. E-cigarette use was significantly associated with the participants’ smoking status. Among e-cigarette users, 43.6% were also current traditional cigarette users, and 66.9% were current waterpipe users. E-cigarette use was significantly associated with having a friend who is a smoker and/ or a smoking mother. Binary logistic regression revealed a significant positive effect between the participant’s smoking status, the mother’s smoking status, knowledge about e-cigarettes, and the use of e-cigarettes (p-value < 0.05). Among e-cigarette users, 18.8% used them in indoor places at the university, and 25% reported using them daily in the past month. Affordability of e-cigarettes was the most reported reason for their use (47.5%).

Conclusion

This study concluded that e-cigarette use is prevalent and rapidly rising among university students in Palestine. This is worrisome as it is significantly associated with insufficient knowledge about the adverse health effects of E-cigarette use, and its addictive nature. These findings focus on the importance of improving the students’ knowledge about e-cigarette use by implementing educational campaigns and considering age regulations on e-cigarette availability and use.
MODELO DE PRIORIZAÇÃO DE ÁREAS PARA APLICAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS DE PAGAMENTO POR SERVIÇOS AMBIENTAIS EM BELO HORIZONTE (MG)
Authors: Nogueira Thaisa Daniele Apóstolo , Fonseca Bráulio Magalhães
Published: May 2024

A natureza, inclusive em meios urbanos, gera benefícios ao bem-estar humano, os chamados Serviços Ecossistêmicos (SE), e a promulgação da Política Nacional de Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA) coloca em evidência a necessidade de desenvolvimento de estratégias para implementação de políticas de preservação ambiental por meio de incentivos. Na busca pelo desenvolvimento urbano sustentável, ou seja, por cidades mais resilientes, sustentáveis e menos desiguais é fundamental que as políticas de PSA não reforcem as desigualdades socioambientais, destinando recursos a pessoas e regiões bem servidas de SE, e deixando de direcioná-los a áreas de extrema carência. Utilizando Belo Horizonte como estudo de caso, mapeou-se, a partir de dados secundários e proxies ambientais, a oferta de SE no município e, com base em dados socioeconômicos georreferenciados, estimou-se a demanda por ações geradoras e potencializadoras desses benefícios. Oferta e demanda foram comparadas de forma a compor um modelo de priorização, utilizando-se de métodos de análise espacial e análise exploratória.
MUSEU ESCOLAR COMO PROPOSTA METODOLÓGICA DE ESTUDO DA GEOGRAFIA NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Cucchi Andréia Zuchelli , Francischett Mafalda Nesi , Callai Helena Copetti
Published: May 2024

O texto apresenta relato de experiência pedagógica e investigativa por meio de estudo de caso, com uma turma de estudantes dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, de escola pública. Foram realizadas ações que resultaram na construção de um museu escolar, com a participação de professores, estudantes e familiares, cujos registros e artefatos familiares, que são de significativa importância na preservação das memórias, tornaram-se os principais instrumentos de pesquisa em Geografia. Além das contribuições didático-pedagógicas, as atividades culminaram na construção e na socialização de um museu no ambiente escolar, para o estudo da Geografia do lugar. Abordamos, neste texto, as etapas com os desdobramentos e com os subsídios para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem na construção do pensamento geográfico. Indicamos os principais aspectos sinalizados pelos participantes, que se tornaram descobertas de aprendizados e conhecimentos. O museu escolar, como alternativa didático-pedagógica diversificada, oportuniza o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de várias áreas do conhecimento e dinamiza a proposta pedagógica, além de integrar a iniciação à pesquisa na educação básica. O maior problema é a indisponibilidade de espaço físico na instituição escolar para abrigar o museu de modo permanente. A sistematização dos conhecimentos científicos ocorreu com a participação dos estudantes e das famílias.
Discussão do gênero como construção social a partir da elaboração de folder educativo
Authors: Passos Diogenes Ferreira dos , Novaes Carolina
Published: May 2024

Este texto tem o objetivo de descrever a vivência de mestrandos do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco no processo de desenvolvimento de um folder com a finalidade de corroborar nas discussões relacionadas aos impactos da construção social do gênero na sociedade. Na concepção do folder, os pesquisadores primaram por uma construção de conteúdo adequada à população geral, priorizando uma linguagem democrática e problematizadora, que revelasse o impacto da construção social do gênero na sociedade e demonstrasse o seu caráter estruturador. O folder foi escolhido por ser de fácil concepção e difusão, podendo suscitar a curiosidade dos leitores por meio de tópicos problematizadores que possuem o objetivo de “desestruturar” os conceitos de masculinidade e feminilidade. A experiência evidenciou o desafio relacionado à elaboração de um material educativo no debate da construção social do gênero, principalmente pela profundidade do tema e as várias formas possíveis de abordá-lo. O folder apresentou-se como uma ferramenta útil no compartilhamento de informações, sendo um interessante instrumento promotor de educação em saúde.
A relação econômica entre o Ministério da Educação e o Banco Mundial na implementação da contrarreforma do ensino médio no Brasil (Lei n. 13.415/2017)
Authors: Sousa Flávio Bezerra de , Oliveira Elisa do Nascimento
Published: May 2024

O texto tem por objetivo analisar as ingerências contidas na relação entre o Ministério da Educação (MEC) e o Banco Mundial, por meio do Banco Internacional para Reconstrução e Desenvolvimento (Bird), concernente ao financiamento externo por empréstimo com vistas à implementação das ações da contrarreforma do ensino médio, materializada na Lei n. 13.415/2017. Resulta de pesquisa realizada em nível de doutorado que se apoiar na análise documental para apresentar sinalizações de acomodação dos interesses do banco sustentados pelos princípios da Nova Gestão Pública (NGP) e suas matizes neoliberais sobre a educação. Os resultados que se apresentam permitem afirmar que as movimentações políticos-institucionais do organismo internacional estão associadas à sua capacidade instrumental de arraigar-se de múltiplas formas na estrutura da política educacional, particularmente chanceladas por órgãos pertencentes ao ordenamento superior da administração pública brasileira, como é o caso do MEC.
A internacionalização da educação e a construção de sistemas de avaliação de classe mundial para a América Latina
Authors: Santos Fabiano Antonio dos , Zanardini Isaura Monica Souza , Zanardini João Batista , Marques Hellen Jaqueline
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo problematiza a recomendação que os Organismos Internacionais têm realizado para a adoção de sistemas de avaliação de classe mundial em países latino-americanos. Para tanto, objetiva-se refletir sobre o processo de internacionalização dos sistemas de avaliação latino-americanos que se transformam em sistemas de classe mundial. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir da análise de 34 documentos que trataram a avaliação na América Latina entre os anos 1990 e 2019. Os resultados indicam que o modelo adotado é aquele que privilegia a avaliação baseada em resultados, que responsabiliza docentes, monitora e conduz à prestação de contas, que possibilita a comparação entre os sistemas de ensino e estimula o estabelecimento de padrões globais de referência.
Las habilidades socioemocionales en los programas de evaluación de la educación. Discursos internacionales y experiencias locales
Authors: Rodrigo Lucrecia , Kesler Axel
Published: May 2024

El artículo analiza el enfoque de la educación emocional en las propuestas de evaluación de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA). Se trata de una perspectiva alentada por las agencias internacionales que se nutre de referencias como la psicología positiva, las teorías de la inteligencia emocional y el modelo de las competencias que promueven discursos de individualización de lo social en el campo escolar. La relevancia del caso CABA radica en que es la capital política de la Argentina, con peso en la definición de la agenda educativa nacional, y donde se ha consolidado la fuerza política de derecha en el gobierno. Los hallazgos presentados derivan del análisis de informes de organismos internacionales y de propuestas de evaluación de la ciudad, complementados con entrevistas a funcionarios públicos.
Função e Forma no Ordenamento Territorial: o Caso de Lens na Bacia Mineira de Nord e Pas-De-Calais – França
Authors: Policarpo Mauricio Aquilante , Souza Rita de Cassia Martins de
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma discussão a respeito das transformações e reestruturação da cidade de Lens, localizada no departamento de Pas-de-Calais, na região administrativa de Hauts-de-France, no norte da França. Essa discussão compete às transformações espaciais das categorias forma e função durante a evolução do capitalismo industrial e, posteriormente, à globalização.  O processo de “Reconversão Territorial” implementado na área, via planejamento estatal, desde os anos de 1960 até 1990 (ano do fechamento da última mina de carvão) teve como objetivo alterar a especialização da região, em vista do grave problema de desemprego e de recessão econômica. Assim, por meio da instalação de infraestruturas e da remodelação urbana, o Estado francês, em associação com políticas próprias da União Europeia, com a participação de empresas privadas e de organizações civis da região em questão, organizou-se no sentido de transformar a região alterando o perfil econômico ligado às atividades da mineração e da produção têxtil para atividades mais dinâmicas e produtivas. Essas estratégias influenciaram as transformações do espaço urbano da cidade de Lens, remodelando-a segundo atividades culturais (ateliês de música e de cinema, sobretudo) e atividades turísticas. Entre estas últimas destaca-se a instalação de uma unidade do Museu do Louvre. Este artigo tem como propósito fazer uma reflexão acerca dessas transformações de Lens, baseando-se na análise da introdução de novas formas e funções, bem como na ressignificação de velhas formas envoltas por novas funções.
communicateur et la mesure, deux solitudes. Enquête sur la place accordée à la compréhension des mesures dans les formations québécoises en communication
Authors: Coutant Alexandre , Tremblay Marie-Danielle
Published: May 2024

Cet article enquête sur la place accordée à la compréhension des mesures associées aux actions de communication dans les formations québécoises en communication numérique. Ces métiers ont en effet un recours de plus en plus systématique à des outils permettant de mesurer les traces d’activités des publics ciblés ou de celles provoquées par les actions de communication. Cependant, un écart est régulièrement constaté à la fois entre leur usage systématique et leur reconnaissance controversée par les praticien.nes, mais aussi entre leur place prépondérante au sein des activités des praticien.nes et le peu de compréhension qu’elles et ils semblent en avoir. Ce paradoxe, a fait émerger l’hypothèse que la facilité d’accès à ces mesures ne s’accompagne pas d’une formation à leur usage réfléchi. L’analyse des formations offertes au Québec confirme cette hypothèse. Ce constat nous amène à conclure sur les besoins en formation afin de développer une véritable métrologie chez les communicateurs et communicatrices.
PENERAPAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (K3) DI BAGIAN PENYIMPANAN REKAM MEDIS RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH X BANDUNG
Authors: Amelian Yudo Sri Valeri Sri Valeri , Johan Ade
Published: May 2024

Occupational safety and health can support the performance of officers during work, especially in medical record filing. Improperly implemented occupational safety and health causes work accidents. The purpose of occupational health and safety is to prevent, reduce, protect and even eliminate the risk of work accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on occupational safety and health in Medical Record Filing. This study aims to reveal the implementation of occupational safety and health in Medical Record filing section in Hospital X. This research method uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Interview and observation were used as data collection techniques. The subjects in this study were 8 medical record filing officers and 1 medical record filing room at Hospital X. The result showed that filing staff did not use personal protective equipment completely, the air temperature of filing room did not meet the threshold value, there were still disease vectors, the medical record filing room was dusty, there was no ventilation, and staff had work-related health problems such as dry cough and itching. Researchers suggest the efforts in socializing the importance of occupational safety and health (K3), adding personal protective equipment, adding air conditioners, buying vacuum cleaners, adding ventilation, windows or doors, maintaining cleanliness and completely applying K3 principles.
n-3 fatty acids and the risk of atrial fibrillation, review
Authors: Herrmann Wolfgang , Herrmann Markus
Published: May 2024

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent type of cardiac arrhythmia that affects over six million individuals in Europe. The incidence and prevalence of AF rises with age, and often occurs after cardiac surgery. Other risk factors correlated with AF comprise high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, left atrial enlargement, ischemic heart disease, and congestive heart failure. Considering the high prevalence of AF in aging societies, strategies to prevent serious complications, such as stroke or heart failure, are important because they are correlated with high morbidity and mortality. The supplementation of sea-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is widely discussed in this context, but the results of experimental and observational studies are in contrast to randomized placebo-controlled intervention trials (RCTs). Specifically, larger placebo-controlled n-3 PUFA supplementation studies with long follow-up showed a dose-dependent rise in incident AF. Daily n-3 PUFA doses of ≥1 g/d are correlated with a 50 % increase in AF risk, whereas a daily intake of <1 g/d causes AF in only 12 %. Individuals with a high cardiovascular risk (CVD) risk and high plasma-triglycerides seem particularly prone to develop AF upon n-3 PUFA supplementation. Therefore, we should exercise caution with n-3 PUFA supplementation especially in patients with higher age, CVD, hypertriglyceridemia or diabetes. In summary, existing data argue against the additive intake of n-3 PUFA for preventative purposes because of an incremental AF risk and lacking CVD benefits. However, more clinical studies are required to disentangle the discrepancy between n-3 PUFA RCTs and observational studies showing a lower CVD risk in individuals who regularly consume n-3 PUFA-rich fish.
Preparation and electrocatalytic oxygen evolution of bimetallic phosphates (NiFe)2P/NF
Authors: Yu Bo , Li Yan , Fu Xiang-Nan , Yu Lei , Fu Hu-Dai , Cao Yan-Xin , Chen Zhi-Hong
Published: May 2024

The energy and environmental crisis pose a great challenge to human development in the 21st century. The design and development of clean and renewable energy and the solution for environmental pollution have become a hotspot in the current research. Based on the preparation of transition metal phosphates, transition metals were used as raw materials, Prussian blue-like NiFe(CN)6 as a precursor, which was in situ grown on nickel foam (NF) substrate. After low temperature phosphating treatment, a bimetallic phosphide electrocatalyst (NiFe)2P/NF was prepared on NF substrate. Using 1 mol·L−1 KOH solution as a basic electrolyte, based on the electrochemical workstation of a three-electrode system, the electrochemical catalytic oxygen evolution performance of the material was tested and evaluated. Experiments show that (NiFe)2P/NF catalyst has excellent oxygen evolution performance. In an alkaline medium, the overpotential required to obtain the catalytic current density of 10 mA·cm−2 is only 220 mV, and the Tafel slope is 67 mV·dec−1. This is largely due to: (1) (NiFe)2p/NF nanocatalysts were well dispersed on NF substrates, which increased the number of active sites exposed; (2) the hollow heterostructure of bimetallic phosphates promotes the electron interaction between (NiFe)2P and NF, increased the rate of charge transfer, and the electrical conductivity of the material is improved; and (3) theoretical calculations show that (NiFe)2P/NF hollow heterostructure can effectively reduce the dissociation barrier of water, promote the dissociation of water; furthermore, the kinetic reaction rate of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution is accelerated. Meanwhile, the catalyst still has high activity and high stability in 30 wt% concentrated alkali solution. Therefore, the construction of (NiFe)2P/NF electrocatalysts enriches the application of non-noble metal nanomaterials in the field of oxygen production from electrolytic water.
Satisfaction with Behavior Trajectory Security Protection in Social Media Intelligent Recommendations
Authors: Zha Xianjin , Lu Zeyu , Yan Yalan
Published: May 2024

Intelligent recommender systems provide personalized recommendation for users based on their behavior trajectories. Intelligent recommendation is a double-edged sword with increasing impacts. This study investigates the influencing mechanism of social media users’ satisfaction with behavior trajectory security protection in the context of intelligent recommendation, with the aim of promoting healthy development of mobile social media. This study applied the grounded theory method to identify relations among concepts and categories in terms of three-level coding. During open coding, 271 initial concepts and 26 subcategories were elicited; during axial coding, 10 categories were elicited; and during selective coding, relations among categories were identified and a theoretical model was developed. The results indicate that satisfaction with behavior trajectory security protection is directly influenced by security protection information quality, security protection system quality, security protection service quality, net benefits, external support, privacy concerns, and privacy cognitive biases. Privacy literacy has direct impacts on privacy concerns and privacy cognitive biases. Meanwhile, herd behavior directly impacts privacy concerns. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
A refinement of the analysis of the resultative V-de construction in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Hu Yehao , Cheng Gong
Published: May 2024

This paper proposes two major modifications to previous analyses of the resultative V-de construction in Mandarin Chinese. First, while -de is argued to be prepositional in nature, it is shown at the same time that -de is different from other regular prepositions in that the former, but not the latter, undergoes head movement in a resultative. To reconcile these apparently conflicting observations, we propose to treat -de as the exponent of a prepositional categorizer. Second, we argue that a small clause analysis of the resultative V-de construction is not only conceptually motivated by the Direct Object Restriction but also empirically supported by the fact that it can participate in the bǎ alternation, as with constructions that are canonically assumed to contain a small clause.
Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activities, total phenolic and elemental contents of common herbs and spices (Moringa oleifera leaves, Allium sativum (Garlic) and Momordica charantia (ejinrin) leaves) in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Adegbesan Bukunola Oluyemisi , Ezima Esther Nkechi , Hassan Basit Opeyemi , Kehinde Jeremiah Oluwasegun , Adewale Aderinsola Ayoyemi , Osonuga Ifabunmi Oduyemi , Olalekan Samuel Oluwadare
Published: May 2024

Natural remedies are being widely utilized in some disease’s conditions including cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. The therapeutic intervention of medicinal plants and spices cannot be overemphasized in the management and control of diseases but the exact modes of action of these herbs and plants have not been fully elucidated. This research work was designed to study the expression of selected elements, zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd); the phytochemical and the in vitro antioxidant properties of ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves, Allium sativum (Garlic) and Momordica charantia (ejinrin) leaves for their potential involvement in the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases and cancer through different chemical methods. In vitro antioxidant properties were assayed by investigating 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals scavenging potentials and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential (FRAP); total phenolic content was determined by using Folin-Ciocalteu assay and the elemental contents of these extracts was investigated through the use of Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). All tests were run in triplicates and analysed. Our results revealed that the ethanolic extracts of M. oleifera leaves, A. sativum (Garlic) and M. charantia (ejinrin) leaves possess significant antioxidant activities and express important and beneficial elements (in marginal and trace amounts) and phytochemicals. These results suggest that the medicinal attributes of these plants may be linked to the radical scavenging abilities, beneficial elements and phytochemicals expression of their ethanolic extracts which may likely be a good direction in the area of drug discovery and development.
Implementación de un sistema de pulverización catódica con magnetrones de caras opuestas para el crecimiento de películas delgadas de hidroxiapatita
Authors: Torres Manuel , Pinedo Manuel , Quispe Justiniano , Landauro Carlos
Published: May 2024

Debido a su gran biocompatibilidad, la hidroxiapatita (HAp) es ampliamente usada como recubrimiento de implantes quirúrgicos, ortopédicos y dentales con el fin de mejorar la biocompatibilidad y osteointegración de los implantes. Sin embargo, dada su complejidad estructural, las técnicas convencionales de recubrimiento no proporcionan buena uniformidad, adhesión al sustrato y control de la estequiometría, por lo que la su pureza estructural resulta ser baja. Una de las técnicas que permite obtener recubrimientos de alta cristalinidad y uniformidad es la pulverización catódica de magnetrones con caras opuestas (magnetron facing target sputtering, MFTS), o también conocida como pulverización catódica de magnetrones en ángulo recto (right angle magnetron sputtering, RAMS). En este artículo se describe las condiciones necesarias para la implementación de dicho sistema con el objetivo de sintetizar películas delgadas de HAp de alta pureza estructural. El arreglo de los blancos, la distribución de las líneas de campo, la determinación de la zona de trabajo, los estados de ionización de los elementos debido al plasma y la relación oxigeno/argón en la cámara fueron estudiados para optimizar la formación de películas delgadas de HAp. Las líneas de campo fueron simuladas computacionalmente para determinar la zona de trabajo, la cual se encontró en un rango de alturas de 32 a 36 mm por encima del eje axial de los magnetrones. Para la generación del plasma se utilizó una potencia de 120 W en una atmósfera de Ar y O2 con una relación de 5 a 1. Con la caracterización del plasma se observó los estados de ionización de los elementos correspondientes a la HAp, sugiriendo la descomposición completa de la estructura de la Hap. Finalmente, utilizando un blanco de HAp de alta pureza se creció una película de HAp. La película, luego de ser tratada térmicamente, se caracterizó por difracción de rayos X (DRX) y por espectroscopia de energía dispersiva (EDS). Los patrones de difracción muestran la formación de HAp monofásica y con el resultado del análisis composicional por EDS se obtuvo una relación Ca/P de 1.57 ± 0.071 la cual es cercana a la composición estequiométrica. Estos resultados confirman que es viable fabricar películas de HAp de buena calidad estructural empleando un equipo de pulverización catódica de magnetrónes con caras opuestas.