bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elemental topological ferroelectrics and polar metals of few-layer materials
Authors: Zhang Hu , Zhao Lulu , Zhang RuiFeng , Jin Chendong , Lian Ruqian , Gong Peng-Lai , Wang RuiNing , Wang JiangLong , Shi Xing-Qiang
Published: May 2024

Ferroelectricity can exist in elemental phases as a result of charge transfers between atoms occupying inequivalent Wyckoff positions. We investigate the emergence of ferroelectricity in two-dimensional elemental materials with buckled honeycomb lattices. Various multibilayer structures hosting ferroelectricity are designed by stacking engineering. Ferroelectric materials candidates formed by group IV and V elements are predicted theoretically. Ultrathin Bi films show layer-stacking-dependent physical properties of ferroelectricity, topology, and metallicity. The two-bilayer Bi film with a polar stacking sequence is found to be an elemental topological ferroelectric material. Three and four bilayers Bi films with polar structures are ferroelectriclike elemental polar metals with topological nontrivial edge states. For Ge and Sn, trivial elemental polar metals are predicted. Our work reveals the possibility of designing two-dimensional elemental topological ferroelectrics and polar metals by stacking engineering.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Geometrical properties of three-dimensional crossed nanowire networks
Authors: da Câmara Santa Clara Gomes Tristan , Marchal Nicolas , Moureaux Anatole , de Wergifosse Simon , Chopin Chloé , Piraux Luc , de la Torre Medina Joaquín , Abreu Araujo Flavio
Published: May 2024

Three-dimensional interconnected nanowire networks have recently attracted notable attention for the fabrication of new devices for energy harvesting/storage, sensing, catalysis, magnetic and spintronic applications, and for the design of new hardware neuromorphic computing architectures. However, the complex branching of these nanowire networks makes it challenging to investigate these 3D nanostructured systems theoretically. Here, we present a theoretical description and simulations of the geometric properties of these 3D interconnected nanowire networks with selected characteristics. Our analysis reveals that the nanowire segment length between two crossing zones follows an exponential distribution. This suggests that shorter nanowire segments have a more pronounced influence on the nanowire network properties compared to their longer counterparts. Moreover, our observations reveal a homogeneous distribution in the smallest distance between the cores of two crossing nanowires. The results are highly reproducible and unaffected by changes in the nanowire network characteristics. The density of crossing zones and interconnected nanowire segments is found to vary as the square of the nanowire density multiplied by their diameter, further multiplied by a factor dependent on the packing factor. Finally, densities of interconnected segments up to 1013cm−2 can be achieved for 22-µm-thick nanowire networks with high packing factors. This has important implications for neuromorphic computing applications, suggesting that the realization of 1014 interconnections, which corresponds to the approximate number of synaptic connections in the human brain, is achievable with a nanowire network of about 10cm2.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Twist-Induced Hyperbolic Shear Metasurfaces
Authors: Yves Simon , Galiffi Emanuele , Ni Xiang , Renzi Enrico M. , Alù Andrea
Published: May 2024

Following the discovery of moiré-driven superconductivity and density waves in twisted-graphene multilayers, twistronics has spurred a surge of interest in tailored broken symmetries through angular rotations enabling new properties, from electronics to photonics and phononics. Analogously, in monoclinic polar crystals a nontrivial angle between nondegenerate dipolar phonon resonances can naturally emerge due to asymmetries in their crystal lattice, and its variations are associated with intriguing polaritonic phenomena, including axial dispersion, i.e., the rotation of the optical axis with frequency, and microscopic shear effects that result in an asymmetric distribution of material loss. So far, these phenomena have been restricted to specific midinfrared frequencies difficult to access with conventional laser sources and fundamentally limited by the degree of asymmetry and by the strength of light-matter interactions available in natural crystals. Here, we leverage the twistronics concept to demonstrate maximal axial dispersion and loss redistribution of hyperbolic waves in elastic metasurfaces, achieved by tailoring the angle between coupled metasurface pairs featuring tailored anisotropy. We show extreme control over elastic wave dispersion and absorption via the twist angle and leverage the resulting phenomena to demonstrate enhanced propagation distance, in-plane reflection-free negative refraction and diffraction-free defect detection. Our work welds the concepts of twistronics, non-Hermiticity, and extreme anisotropy, demonstrating the powerful opportunities enabled by metasurfaces for tunable, highly directional surface-acoustic-wave propagation of great interest for a wide range of applications spanning from seismic mitigation to on-chip phononics and wireless communication systems, hence paving the way toward their translation into emerging photonic and polaritonic metasurface technologies.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Diagnostics of Mixed-State Topological Order and Breakdown of Quantum Memory
Authors: Fan Ruihua , Bao Yimu , Altman Ehud , Vishwanath Ashvin
Published: May 2024

Topological quantum memory can protect information against local errors up to finite error thresholds. Such thresholds are usually determined based on the success of decoding algorithms rather than the intrinsic properties of the mixed states describing corrupted memories. Here we provide an intrinsic characterization of the breakdown of topological quantum memory, which both gives a bound on the performance of decoding algorithms and provides examples of topologically distinct mixed states. We employ three information-theoretical quantities that can be regarded as generalizations of the diagnostics of ground-state topological order, and serve as a definition for topological order in error-corrupted mixed states. We consider the topological contribution to entanglement negativity and two other metrics based on quantum relative entropy and coherent information. In the concrete example of the two-dimensional (2D) Toric code with local bit-flip and phase errors, we map three quantities to observables in 2D classical spin models and analytically show they all undergo a transition at the same error threshold. This threshold is an upper bound on that achieved in any decoding algorithm and is indeed saturated by that in the optimal decoding algorithm for the Toric code.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
The master key: structural science in unlocking functional materials advancements
Authors: Suarez Sebastian A.
Published: May 2024

From the historical roots of metalworking to the forefront of modern nanotechnology, functional materials have played a pivotal role in transforming societies, and their influence is poised to persist into the future. Encompassing a wide array of solid-state materials, spanning semiconductors to polymers, molecular crystals to nanoparticles, functional materials find application in critical sectors such as electronics, computers, information, communication, biotechnology, aerospace, defense, environment, energy, medicine and consumer products. This feature article delves into diverse instances of functional materials, exploring their structures, their properties and the underlying mechanisms that contribute to their outstanding performance across fields like batteries, photovoltaics, magnetics and heterogeneous catalysts. The field of structural sciences serves as the cornerstone for unraveling the intricate relationship between structure, dynamics and function. Acting as a bridge, it connects the fundamental understanding of materials to their practical applications.
Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of dimethyl 2-oxo-4-(pyridin-2-yl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl)cyclohex-3-ene-1,3-dicarboxylate
Authors: Naghiyev Farid N. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Akkurt Mehmet , Huseynov Elnur Z. , Bhattarai Ajaya , Khalilov Ali N. , Mamedov İbrahim G.
Published: May 2024

In the title compound, C19H17NO5S, the cyclohexene ring adopts nearly an envelope conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network. In addition, C—H...π interactions connect the molecules by forming layers parallel to the (010) plane. According to the Hirshfeld surface analysis, H...H (36.9%), O...H/H...O (31.0%), C...H/H...C (18.9%) and S...H/H...S (7.9%) interactions are the most significant contributors to the crystal packing.
The grey decision model and its application based on generalized greyness of interval grey number
Authors: Li Li , Li Xican
Published: May 2024

Purpose

In order to solve the decision-making problem that the attributive weight and attributive value are both interval grey numbers, this paper tries to construct a multi-attribute grey decision-making model based on generalized greyness of interval grey number.

Design/methodology/approach

Firstly, according to the nature of the generalized gresness of interval grey number, the generalized weighted greyness distance between interval grey numbers is given, and the transformation relationship between greyness distance and real number distance is analyzed. Then according to the objective function that the square sum of generalized weighted greyness distances from the decision scheme to the best scheme and the worst scheme is the minimum, a multi-attribute grey decision-making model is constructed, and the simplified form of the model is given. Finally, the grey decision-making model proposed in this paper is applied to the evaluation of technological innovation capability of 6 provinces in China to verify the effectiveness of the model.

Findings

The results show that the grey decision-making model proposed in this paper has a strict mathematical foundation, clear physical meaning, simple calculation and easy programming. The application example shows that the grey decision model in this paper is feasible and effective. The research results not only enrich the grey system theory, but also provide a new way for the decision-making problem that the attributive weights and attributive values are interval grey numbers.

Practical implications

The decision-making model proposed in this paper does not need to seek the optimal solution of the attributive weight and the attributive value, and can save the decision-making labor and capital investment. The model in this paper is also suitable for the decision-making problem that deals with the coexistence of interval grey numbers and real numbers.

Originality/value

The paper succeeds in realizing the multi-attribute grey decision-making model based on generalized gresness and its simplified forms, which provide a new method for grey decision analysis.
Attendees' experiences of anime conventions in the United States: a netnography study
Authors: Liu Tianjian , Liu Sijun , Lee Yee Ming
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Guided by stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory, this study analyzed the user-generated content (UGC) produced by attendees from six anime conventions in the USA.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 739 online reviews and 1,932 photos were collected from the social platforms of six large anime conventions in the USA (Yelp and Facebook), and the study employed thematic analysis and image analysis to analyze the collected UGCs.

Findings

The findings revealed eight main themes (i.e. ambient and space, customers, service and products, sign and symbol, social density, emotional status, motivation, and behavior intention) and 32 subthemes across the three dimensions of SOR theory. Leveraging the power of cutting-edge image analysis, the image labels obtained from the analysis contributed to the creation of network clusters. The result of the image analysis also continued consistently with the thematic analysis result, which reflected SOR theory.

Research limitations/implications

Theoretically, the study applied SOR theory and blended thematic and image analyses to gain a comprehensive understanding of anime convention attendees’ experience and categorized the attendees’ emotional status as positive or negative to reflect their overall evaluation. Practically, this study highlighted some complaints from attendees and provided suggestions for operators. However, the study focused only on large anime conventions in the USA; future studies should compare attendees’ experiences with small and large conventions or anime conventions worldwide.

Originality/value

The study utilized UGCs to understand the key patterns essential to attendees during anime conventions in the USA and applied SOR theory to its investigation.
Food supply chain resilience through digital transformation: a mixed-method approach
Authors: Tortorella Guilherme , Gloet Marianne , Samson Daniel , Kurnia Sherah , Fogliatto Flavio S. , Anzanello Michel J.
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore the relationship between digital transformation and resilience development in the Australian food supply chain (FSC), and identify the contribution of digital technologies to it using the dynamic capabilities theory as theoretical lens.

Design/methodology/approach

For that, a mixed-method approach was used. It combines both quantitative and qualitative data to identify trends and details of the phenomenon, yielding more robust findings. We firstly collected and analyzing quantitative data obtained from food industry practitioners and, then, qualitative data gathered through semi-structured interviews with experts.

Findings

The study findings suggest that the relationship between digital transformation and resilience varies among tiers of the FSC and that digital technologies adoption affects resilience development differently across tiers. This highlights the potential cost savings of developing strategies that jointly address digital transformation and resilience development, improving performance outcomes and determining the extent to which digital technologies enhance or inhibit certain aspects of resilience in the FSC.

Originality/value

The study frames the relationship between digital technologies and resilience within the dynamic capabilities theory and suggests that digitalization can enhance resilience by enabling organizations to sense, seize, and transform strategies. We also provide insights for managers to develop strategies that simultaneously enhance digitalization and resilience, resulting in improved performance during disruptive events.
Gendered pathways to entrepreneurial success: a study on women’s career choices in India
Authors: Mishra Divya , Mangla Gopika , Maheshwari Nidhi
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This research investigates the barriers hindering women from pursuing entrepreneurship as a career choice, particularly in the Indian context.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employs rigorous data analysis techniques, including Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis, on a sample of 590 MBA students, comprising both male and female participants.

Findings

The findings reveal that social and psychological factors significantly influence women’s decisions regarding entrepreneurship. Social factors such as social stigma and cultural norms, along with psychological factors like societal expectations, emerge as major barriers.

Research limitations/implications

The findings have implications for policymakers, practitioners, and academics in designing interventions to address social and psychological barriers effectively. Recommendations include promoting cultural sensitivity and fostering confidence among women entrepreneurs.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the existing literature by quantifying the specific barriers faced by women entrepreneurs in India. It offers insights into advancing gender equity and inclusive economic development through targeted policies and programs.
Joint advertising: the impact of domestic, foreign, and global partners on cognitive fit
Authors: Bauer Brittney C. , Johnson Clark D.
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Joint advertising is an emerging strategy where marketers promote both brands in the same marketing communication. This research determines how the domestic, foreign, or global nature of the partner impacts important brand-related outcomes and identifies underlying psychological process mechanisms and contextual variables that affect this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

Across three experiments, we investigate how the type of joint advertising partner impacts consumer attitudes and behaviors. We establish the number of similarities between the partners and perceived cognitive fit as the mediating process mechanisms underlying this relationship, with holistic processing moderating the effect.

Findings

We find that when consumers are exposed to joint advertisements between domestic or global [foreign] brands, they will be able to generate more [fewer] similarities between the partners and perceive a stronger [weaker] cognitive fit. Moreover, these similarities interact with consumer cultural traits related to holistic processing style to differentially influence perceived cognitive fit and downstream consumer attitudes and behaviors.

Originality/value

Partnering for mutually beneficial, joint advertisements is a growing phenomenon that redefines traditional thinking about advertising, but the success of the joint advertisement is contingent upon the characteristics and compatibility of the partners.
Patient versus person centeredness: embracing different perspectives
Authors: Pipers Ellen , De Regge Melissa , Bergs Jochen , Leroi-Werelds Sara , Verleye Katrien , Streukens Sandra
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The aim of this study is twofold: (1) to gain insight into the different perspectives on the relationship between patient and person centeredness and (2) to learn more about the differences between non-academic and academic stakeholders in the healthcare system.

Design/methodology/approach

This mixed-methods study includes a scoping review on person and patient centeredness and in-depth interviews with patients, caregivers, staff and management of healthcare organizations. The data were analyzed by following the six phases of Braun and Clarke.

Findings

The analysis of the data showed four different perspectives on patient versus person centeredness: (1) they are synonyms; (2) one term is favorite; (3) they should be in balance; and (4) person centeredness is the surplus on top of patient centeredness.

Research limitations/implications

There are different perspectives on patient versus person centeredness. Perspectives differ between people and can change over time. Some people feel like a patient all the time, other people feel like a person all the time, and some feel like a patient at one point in time and as a person at another point in time.

Practical implications

These different perspectives can have important implications for the so-called moments of truth. In their role as patients, people value functional encounters and in their identity as people they value meaningful encounters with caregivers.

Originality/value

By unraveling these different perspectives, novel insights were found in the different perspectives people can take.
Customer satisfaction antecedents in uncertain hospitality conditions: an exploratory data mining approach
Authors: Darvishmotevali Mahlagha , Arici Hasan Evrim , Koseoglu Mehmet Ali
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Informed by trait and self-determination theories, the present study aims to extend the knowledge regarding the link between customer satisfaction (CS) and its antecedents, including job autonomy (JA), conscientiousness, customer uncertainty (CU) and extra-role customer service (E-RCS) in the hospitality industry.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 306 frontline employees were selected from the hotels in North Cyprus, Turkey. Psychometric properties, including the validity and reliability of study variables, were assessed in the first step using confirmatory factor analysis. Then, the data were analyzed utilizing machine learning methods, mainly three exploratory data mining techniques, including lasso regression, decision trees and random forest, as well as partial dependence plots to visualize the role of suggested predictors on the outcome variable.

Findings

Data mining analysis shows that employees who can modify their job objectives are better equipped to satisfy customers in uncertain situations (JA8). In addition, the findings reveal that employees who believe they work hard to accomplish their personal and organizational goals (CON7) while also having the freedom to decide how to approach their job (JA1) and choose the procedures to utilize (JA2) are more likely to contribute to CS. In general, CS peaked when JA was high, but conscientiousness was moderate, while CU was low.

Practical implications

This study bridges the gap among various factors at the employee and customer individual, corporate and macro-environmental levels. Hospitality organizations can cultivate a culture of autonomy and independence by promoting open communication and offering growth and development opportunities. This approach enhances conscientious employees’ engagement, leading to exceptional customer service performance, particularly, in uncertain situations.

Originality/value

From the methodology perspective, this work proposes an opportunity for prospective scientists to broaden the trait and self-determination theories research model by relying on the riches of exploratory techniques without the limits imposed by traditional analytical techniques. Further, this study advances the current knowledge about service agility under uncertainty by extending organizational and service management research to consumer behavior literature.
Al-Siyāsah al-Shar‘iyyah’s consideration and its approach among the governors in Islamic financial institutions: a Malaysian’s experience
Authors: Mahmad Robbi Ahmad Akram , Ishak Muhammad Shahrul Ifwat , Asni Fathullah
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) in Malaysia continue to promote Shari‘ah-compliant business and transactions. As a result, the governors have a lot to think about before issuing any fatwa or ordinance, which impacts the majority of Malaysians. Nevertheless, the point of views from the governors have not been highlighted much. This research seeks to investigate the extent to which the conception of al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah is embraced by Shari‘ah committees’ leadership roles within IFIs. The importance of al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah in decision-making makes abandoning the Shari‘ah principle untenable and its significant role for IFIs in Malaysia cannot be overstated. It serves as a crucial tool for decision-making by authorities and governors.

Design/methodology/approach

The objectives of this research are attained by examining diverse sources obtained through library research, encompassing books, journals, newspapers, websites and reports. In addition, to use an analytical method to assess the role of al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah in IFIs pratical, the authors collect information through interviews with five participants actively engaged in Shari‘ah committees within financial institutions, both directly and indirectly.

Findings

The research paper concludes that al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah holds significance for Shari‘ah committees in IFIs when providing legal opinions. In situations where existing madhhab-based laws prove insufficient for addressing a particular issue, the Shari‘ah committees will autonomously engage in new ijtihad to ensure effective resolution of the matter.

Research limitations/implications

The implication that could have been resulted from this study is to indicate how Shari‘ah committees in IFIs structuring a set of rules and regulations embedded by al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah elements to produce maṣlaḥaḥ for the ummah. This perspective is barely discussed in depth as Malaysia has unanimous scholars who work in this area. Thus, the authors attempt to bring the discussion academically and express the point of view from governors’ perspective.

Originality/value

In the Malaysian context, where Islamic banks and financial institutions are overseen by Shari‘ah committee members and the Central Bank of Malaysia, this study delves into the practical experiences of governors in carrying out the responsibilities of al-Siyasah al-Shar‘iyyah within the decision-making process. The objective is to investigate the perspectives of Shari‘ah committees when they encounter scenarios where prevailing madhhab opinions prove inadequate in addressing contemporary issues within the country.
Beyond apples and oranges: unraveling the complexity in corporate sustainability reporting
Authors: Hedley Timothy , Porco Barbara , Keiningham Timothy Lee , Aksoy Lerzan , Statuto Leigh Anne , Amin Muslim
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This investigation highlights the discrepancies in sustainability reporting practices, and their implications for sustainable service.

Design/methodology/approach

A comparative analysis methodology was employed, examining sustainability reports from similarly situated companies, specifically PepsiCo and Coca-Cola and The Home Depot, Lowe’s and HomePro. This approach was chosen to uncover variances in sustainability reporting and practices within these sectors using the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) guidelines which all four firms followed in their sustainability reports.

Findings

The study reveals significant disparities in how companies within the same industry apply SASB guidelines. These inconsistencies highlight a broader issue of non-standardization in sustainability reporting, leading to challenges in effectively evaluating the relative performance of companies in the same sector.

Practical implications

The findings suggest managers must prioritize standardized and transparent sustainability reporting to build stakeholder acceptance and trust.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the existing literature by providing a detailed comparison of sustainability practices in two distinct industry sectors. It offers new insights into the challenges and importance of standardizing sustainability reporting and the potential impact on stakeholders.
Presentation-order effect of product images on consumers’ mental imagery processing and purchase intentions
Authors: Lee Jung Eun , Shin Eonyou , Kincade Doris H.
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate how image-presentation-order influences mental imagery (MI) processing and purchase intentions. This study also examines the moderating effect of a series of images on the relationship between image-presentation-order and MI processing.

Design/methodology/approach

This research conducted two studies using an experimental approach.

Findings

Two studies showed that MI processing was higher, when an apparel product image worn by a model with a background was shown after rather than before a simple product image (SPI), indicating the recency effect. In contrast, examining a series of images, consumers were more engaged in MI processing, when product image(s) worn by a model with a background were presented first, followed by the four SPIs, than the reversed order (primacy effect). The level of MI in two studies subsequently increased purchase intentions.

Research limitations/implications

Results of this study have the potential to provide guidance to online retailers for how to best order their product images on a website to help consumers form elaborated MI about the product and thus increase purchasing intentions.

Originality/value

Although past research has examined presentation-order effect using textual information, very limited studies have explored presentation-order effect of pictorial information. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is in the forefront of investigations about the joint effect of image-presentation-order and the number of images on individuals’ perceptions.
Investigating consumers’ adoption of electric vehicles: a perceived value-based perspective
Authors: Vishwakarma Pankaj
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The current work aims to understand the consumers’ adoption of electric vehicles (two-wheelers) from their value perspective by utilizing the value-based adoption model.

Design/methodology/approach

The study considered data from 302 potential electric two-wheeler customers and tested the hypotheses using structural equation modeling.

Findings

The outcomes showed that perceived economic benefits, social image, enjoyable acceleration and enhanced fun and perceived environment (positively) and perceived physical safety risk, perceived cost of ownership and range and charging risk (negatively) influenced the customers’ perceived value linked with electric two-wheeler (ETW) adoption. Only low engine noise emission and infrastructure issues did not affect perceived value.

Research limitations/implications

Most of the respondents considered in the study were less than 35 years old. Hence, the model can be tested for other age groups.

Practical implications

The study’s outcomes will help ETW marketers, manufacturing companies and governments (state and central) to provide a more convenient environment for electric two-wheelers' adoption and help them curate appropriate strategies.

Originality/value

The current work offers a better understanding of potential customers' ETW adoption by employing a value-based trade-off.
Facing the music: an entrepreneur’s struggle with e-commerce failure
Authors: Regele Matthew
Published: May 2024

Research methodology

The case was developed in partnership with the focal entrepreneur, Michael Maher, and relies on primary data he provided.

Case overview/synopsis

This case is based on the experiences of Michael Maher, a Cincinnati, OH (USA)-based entrepreneur whose ecommerce business failed in 2016, largely due to a major change in Amazon’s marketplace. The case puts students in Michael’s position as this is happening. It focuses on the fact that although Michael knew, logically, that the failure was largely beyond his control, and that he “should” think about failure as a learning opportunity, emotionally and psychologically he felt terrible. The case forces students to confront this reality as they reflect on the situation and determine how Michael might best respond. The case is intended to help instructors address the often undiscussed “dark sides” of entrepreneurship, which can include financial hardship and intense stress, and also cause or exacerbate depression, substance abuse and other mental and physical health issues (Shepherd, 2019). These challenges frequently impact other involved stakeholders (e.g. family members) and, as a result, can negatively impact familial dynamics, friendships and other relationships. The goal of the case is not to discourage students from entrepreneurial activity, but to make them aware of these potential dark sides. In addition to awareness, the teaching plan is designed to provide students with tools and strategies to recognize and navigate the dark sides.

Complexity academic level

This case is appropriate for introductory entrepreneurship courses at the undergraduate and graduate level. It might also be used in more advanced courses focused on developing/launching a new venture (e.g. “New Venture Planning” courses). The case can be taught at any point within a given course, but it is recommended after students have developed an understanding of key entrepreneurship concepts in the focal course or in previous courses. In particular, students should have a working knowledge of the concept of “learning from failure” and other tenets of the lean startup and similar approaches (Blank, 2013; Ries, 2011). This background knowledge is important because the case confronts students with the reality that, although “learning from failure” is central to entrepreneurship, that does not necessarily eliminate the social and psychological challenges that often follow failures. Assuming students possess this background knowledge, the case is most effectively used early in a course to make students aware of the “dark sides” they might confront as an entrepreneur and set the stage for the development of strategies and skills to navigate those dark sides throughout the rest of the course. The case’s brevity means it can be assigned to be read in advance of class or during the class session in which it is being covered.
Navigating the unlearning landscape: an organizational unlearning taxonomy and an outcome-centric model
Authors: Maccioni Samuele , Ghiringhelli Cristiano , Datteri Edoardo
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the phenomenon of organizational unlearning with a focus on challenging path dependence and its implications on the organizational change field. By generating a taxonomy of unlearning definitions and examining the dimensions, actors and processes involved, the authors aim to offer a holistic understanding of organizational unlearning and its potential applications for organizations facing ambiguity and uncertainty.

Design/methodology/approach

This conceptual paper draws the literature on organizational unlearning to map existing definitions and categorize them into a comprehensive taxonomy to propose a model focused on the outcomes.

Findings

The findings highlight that organizational unlearning involves the three main organizational dimensions (micro: individuals; meso: groups; macro: organizations) and that the macro-organizational perspective represents the best fit for the concept. Furthermore, the authors’ argue that the most appropriate process for understanding the unlearning phenomenon is through challenge, as it allows the questioning of the present and facilitates critical reflection. Finally, applying organizational unlearning to path dependence concept, the authors’ posit that organizations can overcome negative transfer effects and build new awareness to reinterpret their dependencies in light of environmental changes.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature on organizational unlearning by providing a comprehensive taxonomy of definitions, clarifying the dimensions, constructs and processes involved. The integration of challenging path dependence with organizational unlearning offers a novel perspective on the potential for organizational change field. The paper’s findings have practical implications for organizations striving to survive and develop in uncertain environments.
Rural tourism in India and pro-tourism behavior
Authors: Pahari Subhajit
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to understand tourist behavior in Indian rural tourism by integrating the stimuli-organism-response (SOR) framework, service quality model (SERVQUAL) model and theory of planned behavior. It investigates the role of positive tourist-host interactions, destination image, trust and attitude in shaping pro-tourism intentions. Additionally, it explores the moderating effect of Indian traditionality on these relationships.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative data from 15 respondents with quantitative analysis involving 580 tourists engaged in Indian rural tourism. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling are used to examine relationships among tourist-host interactions, destination image, trust, attitude and pro-tourism intentions.

Findings

The study reveals that positive interactions and a positive destination image play crucial roles in building trust and shaping favorable attitudes toward rural tourism. Trust and attitude, in turn, significantly drive pro-tourism intentions. Furthermore, tourist attitude partially mediates the relationship between trust and intentions. The study introduces the novel concept of Indian traditionality as a moderator, highlighting its impact on trust, attitude and pro-tourism intentions.

Research limitations/implications

Limitations include the focus on Indian rural tourism, which may limit generalizability, and potential response bias due to self-reported data. Future research could explore other cultural contexts and use diverse data collection methods.

Practical implications

This research offers practical insights for policymakers and stakeholders, emphasizing the importance of fostering positive tourist–host interactions and cultivating a positive destination image to enhance the overall tourist experience and promote sustainable rural tourism practices.

Originality/value

This study’s innovation lies in harmonizing theoretical frameworks to shed light on Indian rural tourism’s multifaceted aspects. It introduces Indian traditionality as a cultural moderator, enriching understanding of tourist behavior. The research contributes to academia and industry by guiding the development of sustainable tourism practices and improving the tourist experience.
Reconnecting systemic family therapy: How family therapy training can attend to the ecosystem and climate emergency, recommendations from a Delphi survey
Authors: Moore Robert , Cove Jenny
Published: May 2024

We are facing devastating effects of the climate emergency and systemic environmental breakdown. These impact on mental health and wellbeing. Family therapy has only marginally engaged with these crises and the relationship between people and ecosystem. This Delphi survey identifies key elements to include in family therapy training to attend to the ecosystem and the climate and ecological emergencies. Participants generated ninety‐six statements that were clustered into six overarching ‘topic areas’ (theories, orientations, schools, integrations/transformations, methods, and techniques). There were sixty‐six statements agreed at a high level of consensus and seventeen with a moderate level of consensus, while there was no consensus over the remaining thirteen items. All participants opted to suggest references, which form a reading list to accompany these ideas.
Bobby pins, belts and diets: Survival strategies of women political prisoners within the gendered carceral regime at Alderson Prison, 1944–1960
Authors: Haverty‐Stacke Donna T.
Published: May 2024

This article examines the gendered carceral regime at the Federal Industrial Reformatory for Women at Alderson, West Virginia that was created by its first superintendent, Mary Belle Harris and the experiences of three women political prisoners – Grace Holmes Carlson, Helen Bryan and Elizabeth Gurley Flynn – who served time at Alderson between 1944 and 1960. It offers a critical analysis of Carlson's, Bryan's and Flynn's firsthand accounts of their time in prison to reveal these women's strategies for surviving Alderson's reforming mission that included, paradoxically, both a rejection of the middle‐class femininity inherent in that mission and, at times, an accommodation to it.
The impact of exposure to tobacco smoke and e‐cigarettes on asthma‐related outcomes: Systematic review informing the EAACI guidelines on environmental science for allergic diseases and asthma
Authors: Agache Ioana , Ricci‐Cabello Ignacio , Canelo‐Aybar Carlos , Annesi‐Maesano Isabella , Cecchi Lorenzo , Biagioni Benedetta , Chung Kian Fan , D'Amato Gennaro , Damialis Athanasios , del Giacco Stefano , De Las Vecillas Leticia , Dominguez‐Ortega Javier , Galán Carmen , Gilles Stefanie , Giovannini Mattia , Holgate Stephen , Jeebhay Mohamed , Nadeau Kari , Papadopoulos Nikolaos , Quirce Santiago , Sastre Joaquin , Traidl‐Hoffmann Claudia , Walusiak‐Skorupa Jolanta , Salazar Josefina , Sousa‐Pinto Bernardo , Colom Miquel , Fiol‐deRoque Maria A. , Gorreto López Lucía , Malih Narges , Moro Laura , Pardo Marina García , Pazo Patricia García , Campos Rocío Zamanillo , Saletti‐Cuesta L. , Akdis Mubeccel , Alonso‐Coello Pablo , Jutel Marek , Akdis Cezmi A.
Published: May 2024

To inform the clinical practice guidelines' recommendations developed by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology systematic reviews (SR) assessed using GRADE on the impact of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and active smoking on the risk of new‐onset asthma/recurrent wheezing (RW)/low lung function (LF), and on asthma‐related outcomes. Only longitudinal studies were included, almost all on combustion cigarettes, only one assessing e‐cigarettes and LF. According to the first SR (67 studies), prenatal ETS increases the risk of RW (moderate certainty evidence) and may increase the risk of new‐onset asthma and of low LF (low certainty evidence). Postnatal ETS increases the risk of new‐onset asthma and of RW (moderate certainty evidence) and may impact LF (low certainty evidence). Combined in utero and postnatal ETS may increase the risk of new‐onset asthma (low certainty evidence) and increases the risk of RW (moderate certainty evidence). According to the second SR (24 studies), ETS increases the risk of severe asthma exacerbations and impairs asthma control and LF (moderate certainty evidence). According to the third SR (25 studies), active smoking increases the risk of severe asthma exacerbations and of suboptimal asthma control (moderate certainty evidence) and may impact asthma‐related quality‐of‐life and LF (low certainty evidence).
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of nutritional and dietary interventions in randomized controlled trials for skin symptoms in children with atopic dermatitis and without food allergy: An EAACI task force report
Authors: Vassilopoulou Emilia , Comotti Anna , Douladiris Nikolaos , Konstantinou George Ν. , Zuberbier Torsten , Alberti Ilaria , Agostoni Carlo , Berni Canani Roberto , Bocsan Ioana Corina , Corsello Antonio , De Cosmi Valentina , Feketea Gavriela , Laitinen Kirsi , Mazzocchi Alessandra , Monzani Nicola A. , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Peroni Diego G. , Pitsios Constantinos , Roth‐Walter Franziska , Skypala Isabel , Tsabouri Sophia , Baldeh Abdoulie K. , O'Mahony Liam , Venter Carina , Milani Gregorio Paolo
Published: May 2024

This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to consolidate evidence on dietary interventions for atopic eczema/dermatitis (AD) skin symptoms in children without food allergies, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Systematic review updates were conducted in May 2022 and June 2023, focusing on randomized placebo‐controlled trials (RCTs) involving children with AD but without food allergies. Specific diets or supplements, such as vitamins, minerals, probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics, or postbiotics, were explored in these trials. Exclusions comprised descriptive studies, systematic reviews, meta‐analyses, letters, case reports, studies involving elimination diets, and those reporting on food allergens in children and adolescents. Additionally, studies assessing exacerbation of AD due to food allergy/sensitization and those evaluating elimination diets' effects on AD were excluded. Nutritional supplementation studies were eligible regardless of sensitization profile. Evaluation of their impact on AD clinical expression was performed using SCORAD scores, and a meta‐analysis of SCORAD outcomes was conducted using random‐effect models (CRD42022328702). The review encompassed 27 RCTs examining prebiotics, Vitamin D, evening primrose oil, and substituting cow's milk formula with partially hydrolyzed whey milk formula. A meta‐analysis of 20 RCTs assessing probiotics, alone or combined with prebiotics, revealed a significant reduction in SCORAD scores, suggesting a consistent trend in alleviating AD symptoms in children without food allergies. Nonetheless, evidence for other dietary interventions remains limited, underscoring the necessity for well‐designed intervention studies targeting multiple factors to understand etiological interactions and propose reliable manipulation strategies.
Characteristic deviations of the optic disc and macula in optic nerve hypoplasia based on OCT
Authors: Skriapa‐Manta Athanasia , Venkataraman Abinaya Priya , Olsson Monica , Nilsson Maria , Teär Fahnehjelm Kristina
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the optic disc and macula in a large cohort of patients with different severity of optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) using high‐resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT).

Methods

In total, 36 patients (52 ONH eyes and 17 fellow eyes in unilateral cases) and 45 healthy right eyes from 45 controls were evaluated. All patients underwent an examination to confirm the diagnosis. SD‐OCT images of the disc and macula were obtained and analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively.

Results

OCT in ONH eyes demonstrated a shorter disc diameter (1061 ± 375 μm vs. 1751 ± 221 μm, p < 0.001), shallower mean cup depth (427 ± 171 μm vs. 551 ± 152 μm, p = 0.01), thinner ganglion cell complex (GCC) perifoveally (47.3 ± 13.0 μm, 60.8 ± 6.0 μm, p < 0.001) and reduced foveal depth (61 ± 36 μm, 119 ± 19 μm, p < 0.001) compared to control eyes. Qualitative analysis showed that 1/3rd of ONH eyes lacked signs of an optic cup, and 2/3rd had reduced or no sign of a foveal pit. Fellow eyes had shorter disc diameter (1446 ± 404 μm vs. 1751 ± 221 μm, p = 0.004) and reduced foveal depth (93 ± 27 μm vs. 119 ± 19 μm, p < 0.001) but similar GCC thickness (60.8 ± 7.1 μm vs. 60.8 ± 6.0 μm, p = 0.738) compared to controls. Disc diameter showed the best correlation with visual acuity in ONH eyes (ρ = 0.517, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

ONH eyes have reduced GCC thickness and reduced or no foveal pit. Fellow eyes in presumed unilateral cases have a smaller disc diameter and reduced foveal depth compared to controls, suggesting the possibility of subclinical/mild disease. However, GCC thickness was normal. The correlation between structure and visual function is not always straightforward.
Late nephrectomy in infants with congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type
Authors: Suihko Aino , Tainio Juuso , Tuokkola Jetta , Ylinen Elisa , Hölttä Tuula , Jahnukainen Timo
Published: May 2024

Aim

Bilateral nephrectomy is commonly performed in patients with congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type. The optimal timing of nephrectomy is unclear.

Methods

Growth, thromboembolic events, infections, transplant‐related complications and ability to eat were compared between infants with early (Group 1, n = 13) and late (Group 2, n = 10) nephrectomy. ‘Early’ was defined as nephrectomy at 7‐kg body weight followed by peritoneal dialysis and ‘late’ as nephrectomy at ≥10 kg followed by 3–4 weeks of haemodialysis and kidney transplantation. Patients were followed until the end of the first post‐transplant year.

Results

Dialysis time was significantly longer in group 1 than in group 2. Late nephrectomy did not increase the risk for thromboembolic events or septicaemia but decreased tube feeding dependency (group 1 69% vs. group 2 20%, p = 0.019). Motor development at transplantation was considered normal in 80% of the infants with late nephrectomy compared to 31% in the early nephrectomy group (p = 0.019); however, the difference between the groups disappeared by the end of the follow‐up.

Conclusion

Infants with late nephrectomy have comparative outcome but less feeding tube dependency and better motor development during the first post‐transplant months compared to infants with early nephrectomy.