Mobile Based Emergency Alert System for Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Staff
Authors: Kaushalya Thopate  
Published: September 2024

The advancement of technology has led to the development of innovative solutions to improve Patient care in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). New innovative ideas in technologies are becoming very helpful in making medical life easier. The system aims to provide a timely and effective way of notifying healthcare providers during critical patients. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based ICU alert system that aims to enhance the monitoring and management of critically ill patients in ICU. The system integrates various IoT devices such as sensors and smartphones to gather real-time oxygen level and heart rate of patients and transmit it to the care team in a timely manner. The system helps if there are any critical changes in the patient's condition then Live update will get on the mobile phone of the doctor. The results of the implementation show that the system effectively improves the overall patient care and reduces the response time in case of emergency situations. The study concludes that the mobile-based emergency alert system has the potential to enhance the quality of care and patient outcomes in ICU settings. The findings of this paper can be used as a reference for implementing similar IoT-based solutions in other healthcare settings.Introduction: This paper presents the development of a reliable SpO2 (oxygen saturation) measurement system using advanced sensors and microcontrollers. SpO2 is a vital health indicator, reflecting the oxygen level in the blood, and accurate monitoring is crucial in medical settings. The system leverages the Beer-Lambert law to calculate SpO2 based on light absorption by hemoglobin. Through careful selection and optimization of components, algorithm development, and rigorous simulation and experimentation, this research aims to deliver a precise, non-invasive solution for continuous oxygen saturation monitoring, contributing to advancements in healthcare technology.
Objectives: The objective of this paper is to design and implement an accurate and efficient SpO2 measurement system using advanced sensors, microcontrollers, and a refined calculation algorithm. The research focuses on optimizing component selection, developing a robust algorithm based on the Beer-Lambert law, and validating the system's performance through simulations and real-world experiments. By ensuring precise and reliable oxygen saturation monitoring, this paper aims to contribute to the advancement of non-invasive medical devices, offering valuable insights for future research and development in healthcare technology.
Methods: The methodology for developing the SpO2 measurement system involves several key steps to ensure accurate and reliable performance. First, the system design is centered around the selection of appropriate components, including advanced sensors for detecting red and infrared light absorption, and a microcontroller to process the signals. The SpO2 calculation is based on the Beer-Lambert law, utilizing the ratio of AC to DC components from the red and IR signals to estimate oxygen saturation levels. The algorithm is developed and refined to ensure precision across different conditions. The system’s functionality is first validated through detailed simulations, allowing for optimization and adjustments before physical implementation. Finally, real-world experiments are conducted to test the system's accuracy and reliability, followed by a comprehensive analysis of the results to ensure the system meets the necessary medical standards. This method ensures a robust, non-invasive solution for continuous SpO2 monitoring.
Results: The results of the SpO2 measurement system demonstrate its effectiveness in accurately monitoring oxygen saturation levels. Experimental data show that the system consistently provides precise SpO2 readings across various conditions, with minimal deviation from expected values. The simulations and real-world tests validate the system's reliability and performance, confirming that the chosen components and developed algorithm work effectively together. The system's accuracy and responsiveness make it a valuable tool for non-invasive oxygen monitoring in medical applications.
Conclusions: The discussion highlights the strengths and potential improvements of the SpO2 measurement system. The results validate the system's design and functionality, showing its capability to deliver reliable oxygen saturation measurements. However, certain limitations, such as sensitivity to external factors and calibration needs, are noted. Addressing these issues through further optimization and testing can enhance system performance. The paper suggests future research directions to refine the technology and explore its applications in broader healthcare settings, aiming to improve overall patient care and monitoring efficiency.