bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REFLEKSI KETAHANAN EKONOMI PASCA PANDEMI
Authors: Danugroho Agus
Published: July 2024

Abstrak: Pancasila, sebagai dasar ideologi Republik Indonesia, memiliki relevansi yang mendalam dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk ekonomi. Namun, dalam era globalisasi yang didominasi oleh generasi milenial, relevansi ekonomi Pancasila sering kali terabaikan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggaungkan kembali relevansi ekonomi Pancasila bagi generasi milenial melalui pendekatan akademis dan ilmiah pasca pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis untuk mengkaji nilai-nilai ekonomi Pancasila dan bagaimana nilai-nilai tersebut dapat diimplementasikan dalam konteks ekonomi modern yang dinamis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai Pancasila, seperti keadilan sosial, kemanusiaan, dan kebersamaan, semakin relevan dan diterapkan dalam berbagai bentuk usaha dan inovasi. Generasi milenial menunjukkan kemampuan adaptasi yang tinggi dan berperan penting dalam membangun ekonomi yang lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menekankan bahwa pemahaman dan penerapan ekonomi Pancasila oleh milenial dapat menjadi kunci dalam memperkuat ketahanan ekonomi nasional dan mewujudkan kesejahteraan bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia.
Kata Kunci: Ekonomi Pancasila; Milenial; Pasca Pandemi Covid-19.
 
Abstract: Pancasila, as the ideological foundation of Indonesia, holds deep relevance in various aspects of life, including the economy. However, in an era of globalization dominated by the millennial generation, the relevance of Pancasila's economic principles is often overlooked. This paper aims to reaffirm the relevance of Pancasila's economic principles for millennials through an academic and scientific approach in the post-pandemic Covid-19 era. This study employs qualitative methods with a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the economic values of Pancasila and how these values can be implemented in the dynamic context of the modern economy. The research findings show that Pancasila values, such as social justice, humanity, and togetherness, are increasingly relevant and applied in various forms of enterprises and innovations. Millennials demonstrate a high capacity for adaptation and play a crucial role in building a more inclusive and sustainable economy. This study emphasizes that the understanding and application of Pancasila's economic principles by millennials can be key to strengthening national economic resilience and achieving prosperity for all Indonesian people.
Keywords: Pancasila Economy; Millennials; Post-Covid-19 Pandemic.
Analysis and selection of composite material for the manufacture of products during the design preparation stage
Authors: Lobanov D. V. , Rafanova O. S.
Published: July 2024

In this article, we set out to analyse and select new materials at the design preparation stage for the manufacture of composite products to replace conventional structural metals. In the study, a multi-criteria analysis of multivariate systems based on matrix analysis was used. For comparative examination, the well-known reference data, recommendations based on the scientific research of materials, as well as technical, economic and qualitative data of forming methods for these materials, were used, taking into account their specific properties. A comparative analysis was carried out for eight different materials used for the design of polymer composite products, aiming to replace conventional structural materials under three comparability conditions. The first condition considers all selected physical and mechanical properties of the materials and their costs. The second condition emphasises the ultimate strength of the material, its elastic modulus and cost. The third condition is partially similar to the second condition, with the exception of the compressive strength. It was established that the most rational composite for the product design under the first and second conditions is a basalt fibre-reinforced polymer, with the highest weight criterion coefficient (q) of 0.3947 in the first case and 0.3955 in the second case. For the third condition of comparability, carbon fibre was found to be the optimal composite material with the highest q value of 0.3341. The methodology allows product materials, tool materials, cutting regimes and tool geometry to be analysed and selected based on the accumulated knowledge base derived from empirical research. The developed methodology was tested under the three comparability conditions. Theoretical studies showed that the use of the methodology could increase the efficiency of pre-production by 2–3 times, depending on the complexity of the evaluated system.
Effects of unbalanced loads in a low-voltage network on flow distribution in a medium-voltage network
Authors: Voitov O. N. , Golub I. I. , Semenova L. V. , Karpova E. V. , Buchinsky A. L.
Published: July 2024

We address the problem of improving the calculation accuracy of power flow in a medium-voltage distribution network based on the measurements of smart meters installed on the secondary side of 6(10)/0.4 kV transformers. In order to account for the effect of unbalanced loads in the low-voltage network on power flow in the medium-voltage network, three-phase three-wire lines were reduced to a single-line option. This enabled the use of symmetric mode calculation programs for the asymmetric mode. The loads in the medium-voltage network were determined by adding power losses in transformer windings and core to the loads measured on the secondary side of transformers. The calculation of winding power losses using the methods of phase coordinates and symmetrical components involves determination of currents in the windings of each phase according to 48 sections of load capacity and voltage module measurements, performed by the smart meter during the day. The correctness of expressions for calculating power losses in transformer windings is confirmed by the equality of total losses in phase coordinates and symmetrical components. The negative sequence power losses in transformer windings were found to be close to zero, while zero sequence losses are significantly lower than the positive sequence losses for almost all transformers with a double star-zero winding connection scheme, regardless of the load factor and rated power. The conducted studies confirmed the possibility and effectiveness of using smart meter measurements for determining loads and calculating power flow in the medium-voltage network. This conclusion was illustrated using an actual distribution network with 26 transformers. Future research should aim to clarify the mathematical models of transformers in the joint calculation of medium- and low-voltage distribution networks.
Consideration of system security criteria in the models of power system unit commitment
Authors: Dobrynina Yu. E. , Krupenev D. S.
Published: July 2024

The study aims to analyze the unit commitment models and mechanisms that are used in the wholesale electricity and capacity market in Russia and other countries, as well as to consider the methods and criteria for taking into account the system security constraints in these models. The subject matter of the study includes energy systems: wholesale energy and capacity markets in Russia, the United Kingdom, EU countries, Australia, and the United States of America. In this work, various scientific information sources were collected and analytically reviewed. The study considers the performance framework of the wholesale electricity and capacity market in different countries and the main control mechanisms in solving the unit commitment problem, as well as studying and analyzing the legal and regulatory framework in solving optimization problems. It is shown that within the domestic model, the Russian Power System Operator conducts unit commitment according to the submitted price bids, taking into account the needs of the market and the energy system balance. The considered and analyzed unit commitment scheme adopted in the Russian electric power industry fails to take full account of system security, which prompts further study of this issue. The performed comparative analysis of principles underlying the performance of models and the specifics of solving unit commitment problems revealed the strengths and weaknesses in the approaches adopted in different countries both in terms of the legislation and models. The conducted analytical study helped to formulate the key points for each model that can be used to solve the unit commitment problem.
Study of boron distribution between silicon and slags of CaO-SiO2, MgO-SiO2, CaO-MgO-SiO2, and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 systems under reducing conditions
Authors: Ilin A. A. , Pikalova I. A. , Zobnin N. N.
Published: July 2024

We study the distribution of boron between silicon and slag of the CaO-SiO2, MgO-SiO2, CaO-MgO-SiO2, and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 systems under reducing conditions with the purpose of determining the feasibility of using boroncontaining materials to eliminate slagging in the melting zone during industrial silicon smelting in ore smelting furnaces. To that end, we used model slags obtained by melting chemically pure oxides, as well as silicon-based alloys with an admixture of boron. High-purity 5N silicon produced by Kazakhstan Solar Silicon LLP was used. Boron alloys were manufactured independently by melting silicon with boron. The experiments included holding liquid slag and alloys in graphite crucibles at a temperature of 1600°C under poorly reducing conditions. The boron content in slag and silicon samples was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The boron distribution coefficient in the above systems was established to range from 2 to 2.5 for the entire melt area of these systems at 1600°C. The boron distribution coefficient was demonstrated to decrease under an increase in the content of Al2O3 in the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 triplet system, which agrees with the data obtained by other authors. The use of graphite crucibles in experiments creates reducing conditions, similar to those in the hearth of an ore smelting furnace. Therefore, this approach provides more adequate data in predicting the equilibrium boron content in silicon in comparison with the experiments conducted using alumina crucibles by other authors. It was also found that the boron distribution coefficient does not depend on the magnesium oxide content in double (MgO-SiO2) and triplet (CaO-MgO-SiO2) systems. In conclusion, our results lift restrictions on the content of boron in boron-containing fluxes during industrial silicon smelting.
Amicable Agreements in Tax Litigation: Doctrine and Practice
Authors: Mikhailova Е. V. ,   Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The article examines the issue of the legal nature and regulation of legal relations arising in the field of taxation of individuals and legal entities. It is stated that the legal relations emerging in the field of taxation of individuals and legal entities fully meet all the characteristics of public legal relations. By their nature they are administrative legal relations. It is shown that the Constitution of the Russian Federation enshrines the principle of legality of tax regulation, and the given legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation clearly indicate the requirement of legal certainty for tax legislation. It is noted that in accordance with the Constitution and the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, tax relations are based on the principle of legality and only taxes established by law can be levied. The legislation must clearly indicate the cash receipts subject to taxation, the amount and procedure for paying the tax. For this reason, the classification of receipts should not be allowed at the discretion of the tax authority, whose task is to act strictly on the basis of tax law. Due to the administrative nature of tax legal relations, the possibility of concluding a settlement agreement between the parties to a tax dispute, enshrined in the norms of administrative procedural and arbitration procedural legislation is criticized.
Inclusive Integrativeness: A New Approach to ESL Learning in Multilingual Contexts
Authors: Borbora Urbashi ,   Dept. of English, Tezpur University, Assam, India, Mohapatra Debasish
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces ‘Inclusive Integrativeness’ as a novel approach to address ESL classroom challenges, focusing on learners’ diverse linguistic backgrounds. Unlike traditional integrativeness, which aims for assimilation into the target language and culture, this approach embraces multilingual identities. In multilingual regions like Assam, India, it emphasizes the importance of learners’ reflexivity on their linguistic repertoire to develop an inclusive multilingual identity. The study also advocates for classroom practices such as translanguaging and culturally relevant materials. A survey of 105 secondary school students in Assam revealed positive perceptions towards inclusive multilingual identity and the use of these practices. The findings support ‘Inclusive Integrativeness’ as a comprehensive pedagogical approach for integrating multilingualism and English proficiency in ESL education.
The use of the self-organizing map (SOM) methodology to study the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in different water body types
Authors: Song Han , Gao Liangmin , Li Xiaolong , Zhang Kai , Xia Jieyu , Shu Xin , Wu Lin
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in two distinct water bodies, through the utilization of three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with self-organizing map (SOM) methodology. Specifically, this analysis concentrated on neurons 3, 14, and 17 within the SOM model, identifying notable differences in the DOM compositions of a coal subsidence water body (TX) and the MaChang Reservoir (MC). The humic substance content of DOM TX exceeded that of MC. The origin of DOM in TX was primarily linked to agricultural inputs and rainfall runoff, whereas the DOM in MC was associated with human activities, displaying distinctive autochthonous features and heightened biological activity. Principal component analysis revealed that humic substances dominated the DOM in TX, while the natural DOM in MC was primarily autochthonous. Furthermore, a multiple linear regression model (MLR) determined that external pollution was responsible for 99.11% of variation in the humification index (HIX) of water bodies.
Democracia em colapso
Authors: Vale dos Santos Ingrid Daniely
Published: July 2024

Resenha do livro:
DAVIS, Angela; COLLINS, Patricia Hill; FEDERICI, Silvia. Democracia para quem? Ensaios de resistência. 1. ed. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2023.
ANÁLISE DAS PRÁTICAS DE SUSTENTABILIDADE E DE INOVAÇÃO SUSTENTÁVEL DAS INDÚSTRIAS TÊXTEIS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Maraschin Andrei de Azambuja , Veiga Ávila Lucas , Kraetzig Elda Rodrigues Steinhorst , Brum Rosa Carmem , Paço Arminda Maria Finisterra do
Published: July 2024

The research aimed to analyze the sustainable innovation and sustainability practices applied by companies in the Brazilian textile sector. To this end, a survey was conducted with 25 respondents representing textile industries from different regions of Brazil. Theoretically, the study developed a framework that can serve as a basis for companies interested in sustainable and innovative practices. In practice, it offered valuable insights and guidelines for companies looking to improve their sustainable practices. Socially, it highlighted the importance of sustainability in the Brazilian textile sector, influencing other companies to adopt more sustainable practices and contribute to a more socially responsible industry. The study is original and relevant, filling a gap in the existing literature on the subject by specifically addressing sustainability practices and sustainable innovation in the context of the Brazilian textile sector. In addition, its relevance is highlighted by its ability to provide practical insights for companies in the textile sector, helping them to better understand their current practices and identify areas for improvement, with a view to more sustainable and responsible management.
Participation of CWINV and SUS Genes in Sucrose Utilization in the
Disruption of Cambium Derivatives Differentiation of Silver Birch
Authors: Moshchenskaya Yulia Leonidovna , Galibina Natalia Alekseevna , Serkova Aleksandra Aleksandrovna , Tarelkina Tatyana Vladimirovna , Nikerova Ksenia Michailovna , Korzhenevsky Maksim Anatol’evich , Sofronova Irina Nikolaevna , Semenova Ludmila Igorevna
Published: July 2024

Background:

The mechanisms that control the accumulation of woody biomass are of
great interest to the study. Invertase and sucrose synthase are enzymes that are vital for distributing
carbon in various biosynthetic pathways. Karelian birch (Betula pendula var. carelica) is a
form of silver birch (B. pendula Roth) and is characterized by disruption of the differentiation of
cambium derivatives towards both the xylem and phloem, which leads to a change in the proportion
of the conducting tissues' structural elements and the figured wood formation. We researched
the expression profiles of genes encoding sucrose-cleaving enzymes (CWINV and SUS gene families)
and genes encoding CVIF protein, which is responsible for the post-translational regulation
of the cell wall invertase activity.

Objective:

In our study, 16-year-old common silver birch (Betula pendula var. pendula) and Karelian
birch were used for sampling non-figured and figured trunk section tissues, respectively. Samples
were selected for the research based on the radial vector: non-conductive, conductive phloem,
cambial zone - differentiating xylem - mature xylem.

Methods:

The enzyme's activity was investigated by biochemical methods. RT-PCR method was
used to determine the level of gene expression. Anatomical and morphological methods were used
to determine the stage of differentiation of xylem cambial derivatives.

Results:

Our research revealed a shift in the composition of xylem components in figured Karelian
birch, characterized by increased parenchymatization and reduced vessel quantity. In all
studied trunk tissues of Karelian birch, compared with common silver birch, an increase in the expression
of the CWINV gene family and the SUS3 gene and a decrease in the expression of SUS4
were shown.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the increase in parenchymatization in figured Karelian birch is linked to a
shift in sucrose metabolism towards the apoplastic pathway, indicated by a higher cell wall invertase
activity and gene expression. The expression of the SUS4 gene correlates with the decrease in
xylem increments and vessel proportion. The research findings will enhance our understanding of
how sucrose breaking enzymes regulate secondary growth in woody plants and aid in developing
practical timber cultivation methods.
A Quest for Potential Role of Vitamin D in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Induced Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Obaid Ahmad A. , Farrash Wesam F. , Mujalli Abdulrahman , Singh Sandeep Kumar
Published: July 2024

:

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels. In recent years,
T2DM has become a worldwide health issue due to an increase in incidence and prevalence. Diabetic kidney
disease (DKD) is one of the devastating consequences of diabetes, especially owing to T2DM and the key clinical
manifestation of DKD is weakened renal function and progressive proteinuria. DKD affects approximately
1/3rd of patients with diabetes mellitus, and T2DM is the predominant cause of end-stage kidney disease
(ESKD). Several lines of studies have observed the association between vitamin D deficiency and the progression
and etiology of type II diabetes mellitus. Emerging experimental evidence has shown that T2DM is associated
with various kinds of kidney diseases. Recent evidence has also shown that an alteration in VDR (vitamin
D receptor) signaling in podocytes leads to DKD. The present review aims to examine vitamin D metabolism
and its correlation with T2DM. Furthermore, we discuss the potential role of vitamin D and VDR in diabetic
kidney disease.
The Recent Development of Luteolin-loaded Nanocarrier in Targeting Cancer
Authors: Kar Biswakanth , Rout Sudhanshu Ranjan , Halder Jitu , Mahanty Ritu , Mishra Ajit , Saha Ivy , Rajwar Tushar Kanti , Dash Priyanka , Das Chandan , Pradhan Deepak , Rai Vineet Kumar , Ghosh Goutam , Rath Goutam
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Luteolin (LUT), a naturally occurring flavonoid found in vegetables, fruits, and herbal
medicines, has been extensively studied for its pharmacological activities, including anti-proliferative and
anticancer effects on various cancer lines. It also exhibits potent antioxidant properties and pro-apoptotic activities
against human cancers. However, its therapeutic potential is hindered by its poor solubility in water
(5 μg/ml at 45°C) and low bioavailability. This research on the development of luteolin-loaded nanocarrier
aims to overcome these limitations, thereby opening up new possibilities in cancer treatment.

Methods:

This paper covers several nanoformulations studied to increase the solubility and bioavailability of
LUT. The physicochemical characteristics of the nanoformulation that influence luteolin's solubility and bioavailability
have been the subject of more in-depth investigation. Furthermore, it examines how LUT's anti-inflammatory
and antioxidant properties aid in lessening the side effects of chemotherapy.

Results:

Most nanoformulations, including phytosomes, lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, protein nanoparticles,
polymer micelles, nanoemulsions, and metal nanoparticles, have shown promising results in improving the solubility
and bioavailability of LUT. This is a significant step forward in enhancing the therapeutic potential of
LUT in cancer treatment. Furthermore, the study found that LUT's ability to scavenge free radicals can significantly
reduce the side effects of cancer treatment, further highlighting its potential to improve patient outcomes.

Conclusion:

Nanoformulations, because of their unique surface and physiochemical properties, improve the
solubility and bioavailability of LUT. However, poor in-vitro and in-vivo correlation and scalability of nanoformulations
need to be addressed to achieve good clinical performance of LUT in oncology.
Knockdown of hsa_circ_0102231 Impedes the Progression of Liver Cancer
through the miR-873–SOX4 Axis
Authors: Qian Jingyu , Jiang Banghong , Qin Zhongqiang , Tan Yulin
Published: July 2024

Background::

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most intractable tumors in
the world due to its high rate of recurrence and heterogeneity.

Aim::

The objective of this study was to investigate the role of circular RNA 0102231 (hsa_circ_
0102231) in the progression of liver cancer.

Methods::

In this study, quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiments were performed to
quantify the hsa_circ_0102231 level in different liver cancer cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis, as
well as a dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assay, were used to identify putative hsa_circ_
0102231 downstream targets. Colony formation and CCK8 assays were utilized to examine cell
proliferation, whereas Transwell assays were employed to monitor cell migration. Lastly, the role
of hsa_circ_0102231 in liver cancer was assessed in a subcutaneous xenograft model.

Results::

The expression of hsa_circ_0102231 increased significantly in HepG2 and Huh-7 cells
compared with controls, and hsa_circ_0102231 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and migration
in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis, as well as a dual-luciferase reporter and RNA
pulldown assay, revealed that miR-873 and SOX4 were hsa_circ_0102231 downstream targets.
miR-873 inhibition or SOX4 overexpression rescued the proliferation and migration of HepG2
and Huh-7 cells after hsa_circ_0102231 knockdown. Furthermore, SOX4 overexpression reversed
the miR-873-induced inhibition of cell migration and proliferation in vitro.

Conclusion::

These results show that hsa_circ_0102231 knockdown impedes the progression of
liver cancer by regulating the miR-873/SOX4 axis. However, further studies are needed to determine
whether hsa_circ_0102231 may be a therapeutic target in liver cancer.
Recent Developments on the Synthesis of Oxygen- and Sulfur-containing Heterocycles and their Derivatives under Visible Light Induced Reactions
Authors: Ghosh Tubai , Santra Sougata , Zyryanov Grigory V. , Ranu Brindaban C.
Published: July 2024

Visible-light-mediated reactions have recently emerged as a powerful strategy for the
synthesis of diverse organic molecules under mild reaction conditions. Usually, the reactions are
performed at room temperature and thus sensitive functional groups remain unaffected. Thus, this
protocol has received intense interest from academia as well as industries. The heterocycles, in
general, are of much interest because of their biological activities and application in therapeutics.
The Oxygen- and Sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds have recently attracted attention as
these compounds showed promising activities as anti-cancer drugs, antibiotics, antifungal and
anti-inflammatory agents among other applications. The synthesis of this class of compounds by
efficient and greener routes has become an important target. This review highlights the various
procedures for the synthesis of these compounds and their derivatives under visible light-induced
reactions. The green aspects and mechanism of each procedure have been discussed.
Functional Roles of Long Non-coding RNAs on Stem Cell-related
Pathways in Glioblastoma
Authors: Moftakhar Arya , Khoshnam Seyed Esmaeil , Farzaneh Maryam , Abouali Gale Dari Mahrokh
Published: July 2024

:

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), characterized by their length exceeding 200 nucleotides
and lack of protein-coding capacity, are intricately associated with a wide array of cellular
processes, encompassing cell invasion, differentiation, proliferation, migration, apoptosis,
and regeneration. Perturbations in lncRNA expression have been observed in numerous diseases
and have emerged as pivotal players in the pathogenesis of diverse tumor types. Glioblastoma, a
highly malignant primary tumor of the central nervous system (CNS), remains a formidable
challenge even with the advent of novel therapeutic interventions, as primary glioblastomas invariably
exhibit therapy resistance and aggressive behavior. Glioblastomas can arise from progenitor
cells or neuroglial stem cells, revealing profound cellular heterogeneity, notably in the
form of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) possessing stem-like properties. Glioblastomas comprise
neural precursors that harbor essential characteristics of neural stem cells (NSCs). Several
signaling pathways have been implicated in the regulation of self-renewal in both cancer cells
and stem cells. In addition to their involvement in therapy resistance and survival of glioblastoma,
lncRNAs are implicated in the modulation of GSC behaviors through diverse pathways and
the intricate regulation of various genes and proteins. This review aims to comprehensively discuss
the interplay between lncRNAs, their associated pathways, and GSCs, shedding light on
their potential implications in glioblastoma.
Evaluation of 3, 3’-Disubstituted Oxindoles Derivatives as a Potential Anti- Cancer Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors-molecular Docking and ADME Studies
Authors: Kaur Sukhmeet , Kaur Jasneet , Kaur Kirandeep , Mahajan Raghav , Jyotisina  , Kaur Kulwinder
Published: July 2024

Aim:

This study aims to explore the binding interactions between synthesized 3,3’-Disubstituted Oxindoles and the HCK enzyme, with the specific goal
of discovering potential anticancer agents.

Background:

Cancer presents an ongoing global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of innovative therapeutic approaches. Isatin derivatives and
pyridine compounds hold great promise for the development of anticancer drugs due to their wide-ranging biological activities. Moreover, HCK
plays a significant role in chemotherapy resistance and reduced drug efficacy in clinical settings, highlighting its importance in the intricate
network of cancer pathophysiology. There is an urgent need for targeted interventions to regulate HCK activity and enhance cancer treatment
outcomes.

Methods:

In our study, we ensured meticulous optimization of protein and ligand preparation to guarantee accurate docking simulations. We conducted
molecular docking analyses using the state-of-the-art Glide module and assessed ADME properties using the Schrödinger suite's QikProp tool.

Results:

Through molecular docking, compounds 3c and 3e have emerged as promising anticancer agents with low docking scores against Tyrosine Kinase.
Further ADME analysis has provided valuable insights into the compounds' in-silico behaviour, while computed dipole moments have enhanced
our understanding of their physicochemical characteristics

Conclusion:

In this study, we explored how the synthesized compounds bind within the HCK active site, indicating potential anticancer properties. Through in
silico docking, we identified compounds 3c and 3e as possible anticancer agents, with the lowest docking scores of -7.621 and -7.602 kcal/mol
against Tyrosine Kinase. These findings emphasize the importance of computational approaches in drug discovery and offer valuable insights for
future research and development efforts.
Improvement of Taxane Biosynthesis in Cell Suspension Culture of Taxus
baccata after Elicitation with Titania-graphene Oxide Nanocomposite and
Coronatine
Authors: Gougeh Rahimeh Hemmati , Fatahi Reza , Shokrpour Majid , Naghavi Mohammad Reza , Varshochi Alidad , Mirjalili Mohammad Hossein , Nasiri Jaber
Published: July 2024

Background:

There is a research gap about applying titania–graphene oxide (GO-TiO2)
nanocomposite and coronatine as elicitors in the cell suspension culture of T. baccata.

Objective:

The effects of two elicitors of GO-TiO2 (30 µg/L) and coronatine (10 µM) were examined
to improve the production of five different taxanes in the cell suspension culture of T. baccata.

Methods:

The suspension culture was prepared from the callus of T. baccata leaf explant. Next, both
elicitors of coronatine (10 µM) and GO-TiO2 (30 µg/L) were applied, sampling occurred 2, 4, 16
days after elicitation, and all five taxanes were quantified using HPLC.

Results:

The amounts of 10-DAB III ranged from 0.84 mg/L (for control) to 9.17 mg/L (day 16 after
elicitation with GO-TiO2). The production of BAC III ranged from zero (for control) to 7.69 mg/L
(day 4 with GO-TiO2). The maximum production of 10-deacetyltaxol was observed in control on day
16 with the amount of 1.85 mg/L, followed by a lower level of 0.825 mg/L on day 2 with coronatine
treatment. Considering cephalomannine, only elicitation of GO-TiO2 over all three different sampling
times (i.e., days 2, 4, and 16) resulted in sensible quantities. The maximum magnitudes of taxol were
acquired when GO-TiO2 was applied on day 4 and day 16 (1.345 mg/L and 0.965 mg/L, respectively).

Conclusion:

The results indicated the potential positive effects of both elicitors, particularly GOTiO2 nanocomposite, to improve taxanes production.
Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Hydrosol Extract and Essential oil Derived from the Aerial Parts of Salvia argentea
Authors: Chikhi Ilyas , Kerzabi Rachida , Ziane Safaa Nor el Houda , Benyoucef Fatima , DIB Mohammed El Amine , Muselli Alain
Published: July 2024

Background:

The increasing use of synthetic antimicrobials and antioxidants is a
concern for human health.

Aims:

The main objective of this study was to examine the chemical composition of the essential
oil extracted from Salvia argentea and its hydrosol extract while evaluating their antioxidant
and antimicrobial effects in vitro.

Materials and Methods:

The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation, while the hydrosol
extract was obtained by the liquid-liquid extraction method. The volatile compounds of the essential oil and hydrosol extract were analysed by gas chromatography (GC/FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Antioxidant activities were evaluated
using two methods: free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and iron reduction antioxidant
power (FRAP), with BHT used as a positive control. The antimicrobial activity of the essential
oil and hydrosol extract was evaluated using the agar disc diffusion method.

Results:

According to the GC/FID and GC/MS analysis, the essential oil of S. argentea consisted mainly of germacrene D-4-ol (26.3%), epi-α-muurolol (19.2%), and epi-α-cadinol
(10.2%). In contrast, the hydrosol extract consisted of oxygenated compounds, including (E)-
phytol (23.5%), 14-hydroxy-δ-cadine (17.5%), caryophyllene oxide (11.5%), piperitone
(13.5%), and piperitone oxide (11.5%). The essential oil and hydrosol extract showed positive
antioxidant activity with both tests. It should be noted that the hydrosol extract showed the best
performance, with an IC50 of 8.3 g/L with the DPPH and an IC50 of 12.3 g/L with the FRAP test
compared to the BHT. The essential oil revealed antimicrobial activity with strong inhibition
against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis compared to Gentamicin.

Conclusion:

The results showed that essential oil and hydrosol extract have promising antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. These findings provide encouraging prospects for their potential use in the pharmaceutical or cosmetic sectors.
Analyzing the Effects of Interest Rates, Inflation, and Exchange Rates on Stock Market Performance: A Comparative Study Of Indonesia and Japan
Authors: Majok Alith Jacob ,   John Garang Memorial University, South Sudan, Kaluge David , Satria Dias ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

Purpose This study examines the influence of macroeconomic variables on stock market performance in Indonesia and Japan from 2013 to 2023. Drawing upon the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), we investigate how key factors such as interest rates, inflation, exchange rates, and economic events impact stock returns. Design/methodology/approach We examine the connections between these characteristics and stock market performance in two different markets using regression analysis and EMH as the theoretical framework. In order to find patterns and trends, we analyze data spanning a decade. Findings Interest rates strongly affect Indonesian stocks due to their influence on investor sentiment. In Japan, trade agreements have a significant positive impact on stock returns. However, stock returns in both countries are weakly connected to inflation, currency rates, and other economic and political factors. The global economy remains a key external factor for both markets. Research limitations/implications This study has some restrictions, such as data limitations and EMH framework-related presumptions. In the future, research may focus on longer-term effects, behavioral aspects, and sector-specific analysis to further our comprehension of these intricate interactions. Originality/value This research advances our understanding of market behavior under various economic conditions by analyzing the interaction of macroeconomic variables and stock market dynamics in two distinct economies.
Descripción morfológica y molecular de un nuevo híbrido de Persea americana (Lauraceae) del sur del Estado de México
Authors: Reyes-Alemán Juan Carlos , Jaime-Dávila Juan Carlos , Mejía-Carranza Jaime , González-Díaz Justino Gerardo , Vázquez-García Luis Miguel , Urbina-Sánchez Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

Antecedentes y Objetivos: El género Persea, que pertenece a la familia Lauraceae, comprende los subgéneros Persea y Eriodaphne, ambos con amplia variabilidad y distribución en América. En México, en ambiente de selva baja caducifolia del sur del Estado de México, se encontró un nuevo tipo de aguacate. Sobresale por su exocarpio grueso de fruto, abundante pubescencia en hoja y crecimiento vigoroso. Es morfológicamente distinto a especies o razas descritas de Persea, semejante en algunas características morfológicas a P. floccosa y P. tolimanensis, y en grosor de exocarpio a esta última. Comparte hábitat con P. americana var. drymifolia, pero su parentesco es ambiguo. El objetivo del estudio consistió en describir morfológica y molecularmente dos poblaciones del nuevo aguacate y compararlas con P. floccosa, P. tolimanensis y P. americana var. drymifolia.
Métodos: Se colectaron 13 muestras del nuevo genotipo en Ixtapan del Oro y Zumpahuacán, México. Sesenta y cuatro características basadas en directrices morfológicas IPGRI y UPOV fueron analizadas por métodos discriminante y conglomerados. Molecularmente se utilizaron ocho iniciadores RAPD y seis ISSR. Mediante distancia de similitud Jaccard y métodos de agrupamiento Neighbor-Joining y UPGMA se construyeron dendogramas. El contenido de información polimórfica (PIC), poder de resolución (RP) e índice del marcador (IM) fueron generados.
Resultados clave: La pubescencia, ondulación y forma de hoja agrupó individuos, mientras que pubescencia y anchura de sépalo, olor a anís y grosor de exocarpio los separó. RAPD generaron 1417 bandas de 250 a 900 pb, e ISSR 917 bandas de 200 a 1000 pb. El PIC y RP fue de 0.45 y 0.49 y 8.8 y 5.81, respectivamente. Los dendogramas distinguieron al híbrido de las especies de referencia.
Conclusiones: El nuevo genotipo proviene de hibridación natural de P. americana var. drymifolia, se confirma su carácter polimórfico y podría considerarse una variedad botánica nueva.
Content-based medical image retrieval method using multiple pre-trained convolutional neural networks feature extraction models
Authors: Alzahrani Ahmad A. ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Ahmed Ali , Raza Alisha ,   Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University–Rabigh, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Computer Science, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad, India
Published: July 2024

Content-based medical image retrieval (CBMIR), a specialized area within content-based image retrieval (CBIR), involves two main stages: feature extraction and retrieval ranking. The feature extraction stage is particularly crucial for developing an effective retrieval system with high performance. Lately, pre-trained deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become the preferred tools for feature extraction due to their excellent performance and versatility, which includes the ability to be re-trained and adapt through transfer learning. Various pre-trained deep CNN models are employed as feature extraction tools in content-based medical image retrieval systems. Researchers have effectively used many such models either individually or in combined forms by merging feature vectors from several models. In this study, a method using multiple pre-trained deep CNNs for CBMIR is introduced, utilizing two popular models, ResNet-18 and GoogleNet, for extracting features. This method combines the feature vectors from both models in a way that selects the best model for each image based on the highest classification probability during training. The method's effectiveness is assessed using two well-known medical image datasets, Kvasir and PH2. The evaluation results show that the proposed method achieved average precision scores of 94.13% for Kvasir and 55.67% for PH2 at the top 10 cut-offs, surpassing some leading methods in this research area.
The Impact of Incentives on Data Collection for Online Surveys: Social Media Recruitment Study
Authors: Sobolewski Jessica , Rothschild Allie , Freeman Andrew
Published: July 2024

Background

The use of targeted advertisements on social media platforms (eg, Facebook and Instagram) has become increasingly popular for recruiting participants for online survey research. Many of these surveys offer monetary incentives for survey completion in the form of gift cards; however, little is known about whether the incentive amount impacts the cost, speed, and quality of data collection.

Objective

This experiment addresses this gap in the literature by examining how different incentives in paid advertising campaigns on Instagram for completing a 10-minute online survey influence the response rate, recruitment advertising cost, data quality, and length of data collection.

Methods

This experiment tested three incentive conditions using three Instagram campaigns that were each allocated a US $1400 budget to spend over a maximum of 4 days; ads targeted users aged 15-24 years in three nonadjacent designated market areas of similar size to avoid overlapping audiences. Four ad creatives were designed for each campaign; all ads featured the same images and text, but the incentive amount varied: no incentive, US $5 gift card, and US $15 gift card. All ads had a clickable link that directed users to an eligibility screener and a 10-minute online survey, if eligible. Each campaign ran for either the full allotted time (4 days) or until there were 150 total survey completes, prior to data quality checks for fraud.

Results

The US $15 incentive condition resulted in the quickest and cheapest data collection, requiring 17 hours and ad spending of US $338.64 to achieve 142 survey completes. The US $5 condition took more than twice as long (39 hours) and cost US $864.33 in ad spending to achieve 148 survey completes. The no-incentive condition ran for 60 hours, spending nearly the full budget (US $1398.23), and achieved only 24 survey completes. The US $15 and US $5 incentive conditions had similar levels of fraudulent respondents, whereas the no-incentive condition had no fraudulent respondents. The completion rate for the US $15 and US $5 incentive conditions were 93.4% (155/166) and 89.8% (149/166), respectively, while the completion rate for the no-incentive condition was 43.6% (24/55).

Conclusions

Overall, we found that a higher incentive resulted in quicker data collection, less money spent on ads, and higher response rates, despite some fraudulent cases that had to be dropped from the sample. However, when considering the total incentive amounts in addition to the ad spending, a US $5 incentive appeared to be the most cost-effective data collection option. Other costs associated with running a campaign for a longer period should also be considered. A longer experiment is warranted to determine whether fraud varies over time across conditions.
Rest-Activity Rhythm Differences in Acute Rehabilitation Between Poststroke Patients and Non–Brain Disease Controls: Comparative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Liang Huey-Wen , Wu Chueh-Hung , Lin Chen , Chang Hsiang-Chih , Lin Yu-Hsuan , Chen Shao-Yu , Hsu Wei-Chen
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Circadian rhythm disruptions are a common concern for poststroke patients undergoing rehabilitation and might negatively impact their functional outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

Our research aimed to uncover unique patterns and disruptions specific to poststroke rehabilitation patients and identify potential differences in specific rest-activity rhythm indicators when compared to inpatient controls with non–brain-related lesions, such as patients with spinal cord injuries.

METHODS

We obtained a 7-day recording with a wearable actigraphy device from 25 poststroke patients (n=9, 36% women; median age 56, IQR 46-71) and 25 age- and gender-matched inpatient control participants (n=15, 60% women; median age 57, IQR 46.5-68.5). To assess circadian rhythm, we used a nonparametric method to calculate key rest-activity rhythm indicators—relative amplitude, interdaily stability, and intradaily variability. Relative amplitude, quantifying rest-activity rhythm amplitude while considering daily variations and unbalanced amplitudes, was calculated as the ratio of the difference between the most active 10 continuous hours and the least active 5 continuous hours to the sum of these 10 and 5 continuous hours. We also examined the clinical correlations between rest-activity rhythm indicators and delirium screening tools, such as the 4 A’s Test and the Barthel Index, which assess delirium and activities of daily living.

RESULTS

Patients who had a stroke had higher least active 5-hour values compared to the control group (median 4.29, IQR 2.88-6.49 vs median 1.84, IQR 0.67-4.34; P=.008). The most active 10-hour values showed no significant differences between the groups (stroke group: median 38.92, IQR 14.60-40.87; control group: median 31.18, IQR 18.02-46.84; P=.93). The stroke group presented a lower relative amplitude compared to the control group (median 0.74, IQR 0.57-0.85 vs median 0.88, IQR 0.71-0.96; P=.009). Further analysis revealed no significant differences in other rest-activity rhythm metrics between the two groups. Among the patients who had a stroke, a negative correlation was observed between the 4 A’s Test scores and relative amplitude (ρ=–0.41; P=.045). Across all participants, positive correlations emerged between the Barthel Index scores and both interdaily stability (ρ=0.34; P=.02) and the most active 10-hour value (ρ=0.42; P=.002).

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights the relevance of circadian rhythm disruptions in poststroke rehabilitation and provides insights into potential diagnostic and prognostic implications for rest-activity rhythm indicators as digital biomarkers.
Closing the triage loop: Clinical feedback as a source of real-world evidence generation for digital triage tools (Preprint)
Authors: Painter Annabelle , Hayhoe Benedict
Published: July 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Triage is assuming a critical role within healthcare due to escalating healthcare demands and constrained resources. Triage technologies aim to support healthcare professionals in determining which cases need to be seen most urgently and by which professional. The evaluation and ongoing monitoring of digital triage tools, whilst broadly required by regulating bodies, is not standardised, with a lack of specific guidelines. This has led to uncertainty when it comes to appropriate methodology and calls for real-world evidence requirements. This paper argues that clinical feedback loops can provide an effective method of real-world clinical evidence generation and post-market surveillance that should be combined with other evaluation approaches as part of a comprehensive assessment strategy.