bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МОНЕТАРНА ПОЛІТИКА І КРЕДИТНА ПІДТРИМКА ЕКОНОМІКИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ ТА ГЛОБАЛЬНОЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: БУБЛИК Євген
Published: October 2024

Загострення викликів глобальної нестабільності, обумовлених критичним нагромадженням соціально-економічних суперечностей, актуалізує на міжнародному рівні проблему забезпечення стійкого розвитку національної економіки, вільного від негативного зовнішнього впливу. В цьому контексті постає необхідність перегляду існуючих підходів до реалізації монетарної політики як інструменту підтримки стійкого національно укоріненого економічного розвитку.
Показано, що завдяки міжнародній допомозі у 2022–2023 рр. в українській економіці було сформовано безпрецедентний фінансовий капітал, який не використовується в інтересах економічної відбудови і оборони, а стерилізується в рамках наявної моделі монетарного регулювання на рахунках НБУ, а також у ОВДП та інших ліквідних короткострокових інструментах. Це є наслідком слабкої інституціональної спроможності держави вільно використовувати наявний фінансових ресурс, невідповідності обраної моделі монетарної політики сучасним викликам і певним проявом національної десуверенізації у монетарній сфері.
Виокремлено і обґрунтовано завдання, критичні для побудови національно укоріненої монетарної політики і продуктивного функціонування банківського сектору України в умовах війни й у період повоєнного відновлення. Такими завданнями є контрольованість обмінного курсу і продуктивне використання нагромадженої ліквідності в інтересах розвитку економіки за пріоритетними напрямами. Реалізація першого моменту вимагає розбудови системи валютного контролю з використанням обмежень на операції з іноземною валютою і рух транскордонних потоків капіталу. Вирішення другого завдання потребує залучення спеціалізованих кредитних інституцій з державною участю. Фінансування пріоритетних для економіки воюючої країни сфер передбачає контрольованість процесу кредитної емісії, доповненої заходами локалізації емітованої грошової маси всім наявним асортиментом інструментів монетарної політики НБУ.
DEFINITION OF THE NATURALIZED FLOW OF THE DNIPRO USING THE RESTORATION METHOD
Authors:   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chornomorets Yuliia , Perevozchykov Illia ,   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Center of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine, Oreshchenko Andrii ,   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine and the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Mala Liudmyla ,   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Center of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine
Published: October 2024

The issue of determining the quantitative characteristics of the Dnipro River's streamflow and bringing them to natural indicators is quite relevant today. However, the history of studying this issue is quite long. A short review at the beginning of the article is devoted to this. For large regulated rivers, natural, anthropogenic, and naturalized flow are distinguished. In the study, based on the available data of regular instrumental observations, the naturalization of the Dnipro River's average annual flow was conducted using the restoration method. Additionally, a comparison with the actual flow was provided using the example of 2023. The average long-term naturalized flow of the Dnieper along the Locsmanska Kamianka (1818-2020) was obtained, which is 1648 m3/s (±31 m3/s) with a maximum of 3040 m3/s in 1877 and a minimum of 687 m3/s in 2015. The reduction in the natural runoff of the Dnipro River in 2023 due to the influence of reservoirs ranged from 4.8% for the Kyiv Reservoir to 14.8% for the Dnipro Reservoir. Analyzing the series of naturalized runoff of the Dnipro River over 203 years, it is worth noting that in the modern period, a historical minimum of average annual flow was observed. This is quite a concerning sign, as if the likelihood of low-water years similar to 2015 persists, and with the absence of the Kakhovka Reservoir, it will have severe consequences for the entire south of Ukraine. This situation could become especially critical if low water levels persist for several consecutive years, similar to 2019-2020 (with 98% reliability in the naturalized series). In the future, it is advisable to compare the given results with the average annual water consumption determined by other methods of naturalization, for example, through the use of the water balance.
Influence of the season on the main components of cow milk in Ukraine
Authors: Zazharska N. V. , Biben І. A. , Zazharska N. M.
Published: October 2024

The quality of dairy products depends on the safety and quality of raw materials, therefore, the analysis of physicochemical and sanitary indicators of raw cow milk is of great importance. The composition of bulk milk of three technological groups of cows: early lactation (5–60 days in milk), primiparous cows and all other cows starting from the second lactation was studied according to seasons. Regardless of the group of animals, the fat content in bulk milk was significantly lower in summer than in other seasons of the year, and the highest in winter. In each group of animals, the lowest somatic cell count was observed in the fall, while the highest indicator of the study of bulk milk of cows in early lactation and primiparous was determined in the winter, and in the spring of cows from the second lactation. The lowest milk urea content in all groups of animals was noted in summer. The lowest protein level was observed in autumn (3.27 ± 0.11%), and the highest in winter (3.39 ± 0.11%) in the bulk milk of cows in early lactation. The ratio of fat to protein in summer 1.12 ± 0.03 was significantly lower compared to other seasons of the year. The highest level of somatic cells was recorded in this group in winter (290 ± 82 * 103 cells/mL), which was twice as much as in autumn (141 ± 54 * 103 cells/mL), and by 56.8% more than in summer (185 ± 39 * 103 cells/mL). The milk urea content in the summer was 194.0 ± 17.6 mg/kg, which is significantly lower than the indicators in other seasons of the year in the group of early lactation. In the summer period, the lowest protein content (3.23 ± 0.06%) in the bulk milk of primiparous cows was observed compared to other seasons of the year. The winter was characterized by the highest level of somatic cell count in milk (221 ± 49 * 103 cells/mL), which was almost twice as high as the autumn period (116 ± 31 * 103 cells/mL). The highest urea content in the milk of primiparous cows was found in autumn (228.6 ± 21.9 mg/kg), which exceeded the summer figure by 14.5%. The lowest protein content (3.29 ± 0.06%) and the highest in winter (3.44 ± 0.09%) was observed in the bulk milk of cows of the second lactation and older. The somatic cell count in milk in autumn (160 ± 69 * 103 cells/mL) was lower than the winter and spring indicators by 37.5% and 49.3%, respectively. The milk urea content in the summer (198 ± 22 mg/kg) was significantly lower than the autumn and winter indicators. In further studies, to improve the sanitary quality of milk, it is planned to use different hygienic means for processing the udder of cows depending on the season.
The frequency of β-lactamase genes in ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Ukraine
Authors: Filonenko H. , Ishchenko V. , Garcia D. , Tsedyk V. , Korniyenko V. , Ishchenko L.
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to analyze the frequency of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M encoding genes in ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from various clinical specimens obtained from the Ukrainian Children`s Cardiac Center in Kyiv, Ukraine (2018–2021). Antibiotic susceptibility was performed by the standardized Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and phenotypic double-disk synergy tests were used for screening of ESBL production. Detection of bla genes was performed by multiplex gel-based PCR. Among the 75 samples investigated, 40 were from male patients and 35 were from females. Most of the patients were in the pediatric (n = 34) and newborns (n = 22) groups. Most K. pneumoniae isolates were cultured from blood (n = 22), sputum (n = 21), and the respiratory tract (n = 18). The prevalence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, among antibiotic resistant K. pneumoniae was 75.6% in 2018, 84.7% in 2019, 89.3% in 2020, and 88.2% in 2021. In total, 75 ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were 100.0% resistant to cefuroxime and ceftriaxone and showed high resistance to other antibiotics, including carbapenems. In total, 69 of the 75 isolates were PCR positive for one or more of these three bla genes. The study shows a predominance of blaCTX-M in the investigated strains. The prevalence of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes among the isolates was 84.1%, 53.6%, and 52.9%, respectively. More than half (63.8%) of the ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates were positive for at least two ESBL genes. In addition, 26.1% of the isolates harbored all three of these bla genes. This study presents the prevalence of three important bla genes in ESBLs-producing K. pneumoniae and reveals a dramatic increase in the resistance of K. pneumoniae to the third-generation of cephalosporins in recent years. This suggests a need for more epidemiological studies, and a need to strengthen infection prevention and control measures in Ukraine.
Newly synthesized chitosan-stevioside-TPGS nanoparticles (CSdNPs) attenuate the effects of high doses of free stevioside in male rats via inhibition of PRAP-α gene expression
Authors: Abdul-Ameer A. H. , Kzar H. H. , Al-Awadi H. K.
Published: October 2024

This study investigated newly synthesized of chitosan-St-TPGS-NPs and chitosan-Sd-TPGS-NPs (CStNPs and CSdNPs) produced by a combination of sonication and emulsification/solvent evaporation method and in combination with the ionic gelation method with slight modifications. The newly synthesized CStNPs and CSdNPs were characterized by several technical methods such as SEM, TEM and FT-IR. In this study, 60 male Wistar rats were divided randomly into six groups. Each group included 10 animals with control group, stevia group (St), stevioside group (Sd), CNPs group, chitosan-stevia-TPGS nanoparticles (CStNPs) group, chitosan-stevioside-TPGS nanoparticles (CSdNPs) group. All the groups received their daily dosages orally for two months. After the end of the experiment, a blood sample was collected for estimation of the liver enzyme concentration (ALT, AST, ALP, and TSB), lipids profile (TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and HDL-C), hematological parameters (RBCs, WBCs, Hb, and PCV, also FAS, FBG, and TyG index). Analysis was performed to assess the average change (AFC) in PPAR-α gene expression in all study groups. The results suggested that there is a significant difference in FAS (pg/mL) levels between the control group (494.2 ± 15.8) and the St or free Sd groups at the end of 2nd month (511.6 ± 16.2, and 561.7 ± 17.2), respectively. In addition the highly significant differences were registered between the Sd group in comparison with CNPs, CStNPs, and CSdNPs groups at the end of the experiment. On the other hand, the results of this study suggested that there is a significant difference in AFC between the control group (5.86 ± 0.58) and St or free Sd groups at the end of the 2nd month (3.00 ± 0.22, and 1.86 ± 0.12), respectively. In addition, highly significant differences were found between the Sd group (1.86 ± 0.12) and the CNPs, CStNPs, and CSdNPs groups at the end of the experiment (4.98 ± 0.25, 3.91 ± 0.24, and 4.02 ± 0.45). This study concluded that St and in large form Sd have harmful effects on the male liver of male rats. The newly synthesized (CStNPs and CSdNPs) should attenuate the risk of St and Sd via the activation of PPAR-α gene expression and inhibition of FAS.
Microbiome of craft hard cheeses from raw goat milk during ripening
Authors: Sadvari V. Y. , Shevchenko L. V. , Slobodyanyuk N. M. , Tupitska O. M. , Gruntkovskyi M. S. , Furman S. V.
Published: October 2024

The production of craft cheeses from goat milk in small farms in Ukraine is becoming increasingly widespread. The uniqueness of goat cheeses made from raw milk is attributed to the significant diversity of microbiological processes that occur during their ripening, involving natural strains of bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and cheese mites. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the microbial composition of Caciotta and Canestrato goat cheeses during their ripening process. The number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (MAFAM) in Caciotta cheese was stable on the 10th day, the 1st, and the 12th month, and decreased by 1.18–1.27 lg CFU/g by the 24th month of ripening. The number of mold fungi and yeasts in Caciotta cheese peaked in the 1st month but they were not detected in the 12th and 24th months of ripening. Lactic acid bacteria in Caciotta cheese formed the basis of MAFAM and were represented by Lactobacillus plantarum on the 10th day and the 1st month of ripening, Lactobacillus brevis and Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides in the 12th month, and L. brevis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides in the 24th month. In 24-month-ripened Caciotta cheese, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter ludwigii, E. durans, E. faecalis, and E. hirae were detected. Lactic acid bacteria in Canestrato cheese formed the basis of MAFAM and were represented by L. mesenteroides from the 10th day to the 3rd month of age, L. pseudomesenteroides in the 6th month, and L. plantarum in the 12th month. Canestrato cheese was characterized by a significant presence of mold fungi and yeasts in all ripening periods except for the 6th month. In 12-month-ripened Canestrato cheese, Enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus durans, E. hirae, and E. faecalis were isolated. Cheese mites, Acarus siro, in various stages of development were found in the rind of both cheeses starting from the 6th month of ripening. The results of the researchers provide new data on the microbiome of craft hard cheeses made from raw goat milk and can be used to develop methods for controlling the population size of A. siro mites during their ripening.
Effects of drought on photosynthetic induction in leaves of different wheat genotypes under dark-to-light transition
Authors: Kedruk А. S. , Kiriziy D. A. , Stasik O. O. , Sokolovska-Sergiienko О. G. , Tarasiuk M. V.
Published: October 2024

Adjustment of photosynthetic processes to an increase in irradiance constrains the CO2 assimilation and photosynthetic carbon gain compared to that which would be obtained if photosynthesis reached its terminal value instantaneously. Acceleration of photosynthesis induction under field conditions of fluctuating light opens up new perspectives for increasing yields. However, there is little information on response of photosynthetic processes to changes in the light under drought conditions. In a pot experiment, we have studied the peculiarities of response of CO2- and H2O-gas exchange parameters in flag leaves of 3 winter wheat genotypes to a transition from dark to bright light under drought conditions, to reveal the features of drought effect on photosynthetic induction processes. The plants were exposed to a 7-day drought (30% FC) during the flowering stage. After that, the watering of the treated plants was restored to the control level (70% FC), which was maintained until the end of the growing season. Induction curves of CO2 assimilation and transpiration of the flag leaves were recorded after keeping them in the darkness for 30 minutes, then the light was turned on. It was revealed that drought impacts the photosynthetic apparatus by reducing its maximum functional intensity as well as by diminishing its ability to respond to changing light conditions. Specifically, drought slows the rate of gas exchange increase during transitions from dark to light. High-yielding wheat genotypes, which had higher assimilation rates and stomatal conductance under optimal watering, showed increased sensitivity to drought. The reduction in the CO2 assimilation rate in wheat leaves under drought was primarily due to damage to the photosynthetic apparatus in mesophyll cells, rather than inhibition of stomatal conductance. This conclusion is supported by Ci value calculations, which were highest at the lowest CO2 assimilation rate at the beginning of light exposure and lowest at the highest CO2 assimilation rate when reaching a steady-state plateau. The stronger impact of the drought on the biochemical components of the photosynthetic apparatus than on stomata is also suggested by a decrease in instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi) during photosynthesis. The genotypic differences in the effects of drought on the dynamics of photosynthetic induction parameters during dark-to-light transitions in wheat leaves suggest the potential of these traits for evaluating breeding material. This could enhance the ecological plasticity of new wheat varieties.
Biotyping and genotyping of seven strains of Cutibacterium acnes
Authors: Mahmood S. A. , Mohammad G. A.
Published: October 2024

Bacterial typing is the process of distinguishing between different strains, it is essential for epidemiology, identifying source of infection and guiding treatment. This study aimed to detect the biotypes and genotypes for seven strains of Cutibacterium acnes obtained from the University of Mosul, already isolated from individuals with acne vulgaris in Mosul city (Iraq) and diagnosed by the molecular method based on 16S rRNA gene. Accuracy in biotyping depended on which type of the sugar (ribose, erythritol and sorbitol) was consumed by C. acnes, each sugar was placed separately in culture media with 1% concentration in the presence of phenol red to detect sugar fermentation. The C. acnes isolates were cultured anaerobically for 3 days at 37 ºC. The results showed that four biotypes (I, III, IV and V) emerged in our isolates indicated by the change in color of the medium from orange to yellow depending on the fermentable sugar. The distribution percentage of bacteria among these biotype was dominated by the V biotype (42.8%), while the III biotype was percentage (28.6%) and the I and IV biotypes each took up a lesser percentage (14.3%). It is worth mentioning that the II biotype didn’t appear at all in any of the isolates. For genotype, it was based on genes (16s rRNA, ATPase, atpD, Toxin Fic family, recA, and soda), DNA was extracted and special primers were used, then they were amplified by PCR technique, after electrophoresis, the resulting bands showed that the seven isolates of C. acnes were distributed into two genotypes only. One of them is I A2 which the isolate CS6 belonged to, another genotype is a new one- it is worth noting that it is prevalent in six isolates out of seven, and contains (16s rRNA, ATPase, atpD, recA, and sodA) genes, and because it is a new genotype that was unique to our isolates in this study, we called it IV genotype. The conclusion of this study is that the biotyping and genotyping of C. acnes differed from other typing in another countries, therefore, caution should be exercised in using the appropriate treatment depending on the prevailing condition in the country and not adhering to what is known theoretically regarding the causes of infections.
Non-nucleoside O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in murine spontaneous tumor experimental chemotherapy in vivo
Authors: Macewicz L. L. , Zhuvaka K. S. , Papuga O. Y. , Ruban T. P. , Volynets G. P. , Bdzhola V. G. , Yarmoluk S. M. , Lukash L. L.
Published: October 2024

Alkylating chemotherapy agents are well-established for inducing DNA lesions that result in apoptosis in cancer cells. However, the efficacy of these agents is often diminished due to the activity of the repair enzyme O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), which confers resistance to chemotherapy by catalyzing dealkylation reactions. Recent studies have identified novel non-nucleoside MGMT inhibitors with promising properties. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of these novel non-nucleoside MGMT inhibitors in combination with alkylating chemotherapy in vivo. Our experimental model involved ICR female mice that spontaneously developed malignant tumors. These mice were treated with a combination of the alkylating agent N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and new MGMT inhibitors. We analyzed tumor growth dynamics and observed the levels of MGMT and other proteins using western blot analysis. Our findings demonstrated that the addition of MGMT inhibitors significantly improved the tumor growth-inhibiting effects of the alkylating chemotherapy. Tumor growth was more effectively suppressed in the mice receiving the combination therapy compared to those receiving the alkylating agents alone. Additionally, MGMT levels were significantly reduced following the combined treatment. Furthermore, the active form of caspase 3 was detected in treated tumors, suggesting that the reduction in tumor growth may be mediated through an apoptotic pathway. These results underscore the potential for these novel MGMT inhibitors to enhance the efficacy of alkylating agents in cancer therapy, holding substantial promise for improving therapeutic outcomes against tumors that exhibit high MGMT activity.
The impact of 1-methylcyclopropene post-harvest treatment on the storability of the Ckifske zoloto and Dmiana apple varieties
Authors: Shevchuk L. M. , Babenko S. M. , Tereshcenko Y. Y. , Havryliuk O. S. , Tonkha V. O.
Published: October 2024

As a result of the conducted research, it was established that the post-harvest treatment of apple fruits with Oberigpro, the active substance of which is 1-methylcyclopropene, helps to extend the duration of their storage in the conditions of an ordinary cooled atmosphere. In addition, the processed fruits had a 14-day post-storage shelf life during which they did not lose their quality, which allows producers to extend the duration of the sales period. The fruits of the varieties treated with 1-methylcyclopropene were harder than the control ones when removed from storage. After 60 days of storage, control apples had 21.8 N less pulp hardness than treated apples. During the 14 days of the shelf life, during which the apples were at a temperature of + 19 ºC, the hardness of their pulp in the version with treatment did not significantly decrease, unlike the version where 1-methylcyclopropene treatment was not applied. During the first month of storage, an increase in the content of soluble solids (TSS) was observed in the fruits of the Dmiana variety from the variant where post-harvest processing was carried out. Control fruits on the 150th day of storage contained 0.20% titratable acids, which is 0.10% less than those treated with 1-methylcyclopropene. On the 7th day of the expiration date, the acidity of Dmiana was 0.17 in the control and 0.25% in the fruits from the experimental variant, which is 0.20 and 0.28% less than that during storage, respectively. During the shelf life, fruit weight loss in both versions of the research increased, and on the 14th day, in the version treated with 1-methylcyclopropene, the Skifske Zoloto variety was 0.76% less, and the Dmiana variety was 1.59% less than in options without processing. With the growth of mass loss, the damage of the fruit withering increased, which negatively affected their appearance. On the 14th day of the post-harvest shelf life, Dmiana apples from the variant where 1-methylcyclopropene was not used were covered with an oily coating, and Skifske Zoloto 100% were affected by tan.
Prevalence and molecular detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from infants and children with with folliculitis
Authors: Younus N. K.
Published: October 2024

Infections of the skin and soft tissues due to MRSA are still relatively uncommon in babies. The ideal treatment for MRSA remains challenging. This study has been carried out to find out the antibiotics susceptibility pattern of MRSA bacteria causing community acquired folliculitis skin infections and to find the frequency of MRSA in an outpatient visiting hospital and private clinics in Mosul. In vitro, all Staphylococcus aureus isolates were investigated by antibiotic disk method and the gold standard of MRSA diagnostic testing, the molecular laboratory technique PCR to detect the mecA gene. Of 84 reported S. aureus isolates in the study period, 100% were MRSA and were mecA gene positive at 533bp. MRSA pathogenic strains were recorded as resistant to five antibiotics: pipracillin, ceftriaxone, cefixime, bacitracin, and cefotaxime (100%). However, еrimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, showed absolute sensitivity 84/84 (100%) for all S. aureus isolates. Also the prevalence of folliculitis among boys (75%) was higher than among girls. The antibiotic choice for S. aureus should be еrimethoprim/ sulphamethoxazole for treating folliculitis.
Comprehensive Study and Review Various Routing Protocols in MANET
Authors: Sharma Manish .
Published: October 2024

Mobile Ad-hoc networks are composed of various interconnections among large number of nodes deployed for monitoring the system by means of measurement of its parameters. Recent research in wireless sensor networks has led to various new protocols which are particularly designed for routing in MANETs. To design these networks, the factors needed to be considered are the coverage area, mobility, power consumption, communication capabilities etc. These papers discuss characteristics and performance of AODV, DSR, GRP, OLSR and TORA routing protocol. The paper attempts to explores the best suited routing protocol in various conditions and environments.
Importance of biological markers in the assessment of endothelial dysfunction
Authors: Timofeev Yu. S. , Mikhailova M. A. , Dzhioeva O. N. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: October 2024

Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a pathogenetic link in many cardio­vas­cular diseases. One of the promising approaches to non-invasi­ve diagnostics and assessment of the ED severity may be the deter­mi­nation of specific blood biomarkers. This review is devoted to the patho­genetic role of some biochemical and molecular factors associated with ED, as potential biomarkers of noncommunicable diseases.
Factors associated with carotid artery calcification in the general working-age population
Authors: Kaveshnikov V. S. , Trubacheva I. A. , Kuzmichkina M. A. , Vaizov V. Kh.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To study factors associated with carotid artery calcification as an atherosclerotic marker in the general working-age population.

Material and methods. The data of a representative ESSE-RF sample aged 25-64 years (n=1412) were studied. They underwent standard cardiology screening and assessment of carotid plaque (CP) characteristics using ultrasound. All respondents signed an informed consent to participate in the study. The association analysis included socio-demographic, anamnestic, laboratory, and ultrasound characteristics. Univariate and multivariate statistics were used.

Results. The prevalence of detection of calcified CP (cCP) was 5,4% — 7,8% in men and 3,7% in women (odds ratio (OR)=2,2; p=0,001). The probability of cCP detection was associated with following factors: male sex (OR=3,9; p<0,001), age (OR=1,2; p<0,001), total cholesterol (women, OR=1,7; p=0,001), history of thyrotoxicosis (OR=2,1; p=0,034), osteoporosis (OR=2,6; p=0,009), and smoking (OR=1,8; p=0,046). The odds that the detected plaque would be calcified were higher in individuals in the 4th quartile of mean plaque size distribution (OR=3,8; p<0,001) and in the presence of the following factors: male sex (OR=1,9; p=0,031), age ≥55 years (OR=4,3; p<0,001), osteoporosis (OR=3,2; p=0,007), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≥1,3 mmol/l (OR=2,0; p=0,025).

Conclusion. The obtained data indicate an association of carotid calcification with both traditional cardiovascular risk factors and systemic diseases associated with impaired calcium and phosphorus metabolism (thyrotoxicosis, osteoporosis). The study results can be useful in practical healthcare, research, and developing preventive technologies.
Cardiorenal continuum: clinical and pathogenetic relationships between heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and renal tubular dysfunction
Authors: Levitskaya E. S. , Batyushin M. M. , Zakusilov D. I. , Batyushina A. M.
Published: October 2024

The article presents data on the high relevance of studying a renal tubular injury in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The available research data and prerequisites for HFpEF development and renal tubular injury in detail. Markers of tubulopathy are presented. The main paradigm of cardiorenal syndrome in HFpEF with renal tubular injury is discussed — the unity of risk factors and pathogenetic mechanisms (low-intensity chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, profibrotic hyperactivity). The need to identify markers of tubular dysfunction is due to expanding preventive capabilities to slow down the cardiorenal continuum stages — a decrease in filtration function and further remodeling of the myocardium and vascular bed. The review presents the analysis of available Russian and foreign data and analytical portals.
First experience of implantation of a new-generation bioresorbable stent in a young patient with coronary artery disease: a case report
Authors: Vasiliev D. K. , Arablinsky N. A. , Shukurov F. B. , Feshchenko D. A. , Taliuridze M. T. , Shanoyan А. S.
Published: October 2024

Implantation of a drug-eluting stent into the area of hemodynamically significant coronary artery lesion is a generally accepted and widespread method of coronary artery disease (CAD) treatment. However, rigid metallic frame in artery is associated with disrupted vascular biomechanics and neointimal proliferation in response to foreign material. These processes can lead to restenosis and/or late thrombosis of the implanted stent and, as a consequence, to the recurrence of CAD symptoms, as well as to adverse cardiovascular events. One of the options for solving the above problems is the implantation of bioresorbable stents. This technique already has an evidence base and is increasingly being introduced into routine clinical practice in certain groups of patients. The article presents a case of successful balloon angioplasty and stenting of the right coronary artery with a new-generation bioresorbable stent in a young patient with CAD.
Impact of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators on Craniofacial and Alveolar Bone Regeneration: Scoping Review
Authors: Rovai Emanuel da Silva , Polassi Mackeler , Silveira Marcela Iunes da , Araújo Sandy Lima , Dyke Thomas Van , Santos Nidia C. Castro dos
Published: October 2024

Abstract Craniofacial bone defects caused by tumors, trauma, long-term tooth loss, or periodontal disease are a major challenge in the field of tissue engineering. In periodontitis and peri-implantitis, reconstructive therapy is also a major challenge for the dental surgeon. Lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins, known as specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), have been widely studied in the field of dental, oral, and craniofacial research for bone regeneration for their actions in restoring tissue homeostasis and promoting tissue healing and regeneration. Therefore, this study focuses on a survey of the use of SPMs for craniofacial and alveolar bone regeneration. Thus, electronic searches of five databases were performed to identify pre-clinical studies that evaluated the actions of SMPs on craniofacial and alveolar bone regeneration. Of the 523 articles retrieved from the electronic databases, 19 were included in the analysis. Resolvin (Rv) E1 was the mostly assessed SPM (n=8), followed by maresins (Ma) R1 (n=3), lipoxins (Lx) A4 (n=3), RvD1 (n=3), RvD2 (n=1), LxB4 (n=1), and maresin (M)-CTR3 (n=1). Meta-analysis showed that SPMs increased the newly formed bone by 14.85% compared to the control group (p<0.00001), decreased the area of the remaining defect by 0.35 mm2 (p<0.00001), and decreased the linear distance between the defect to the bone crest by 0.53 mm (p<0.00001). RvE1 reduced inflammatory bone resorption in periodontal defects and calvarial osteolysis and enhanced bone regeneration when RvE1 was combined with a bovine bone graft. RvD2 induced active resolution of inflammation and tissue regeneration in periapical lesions, while RvD1 controlled the inflammatory microenvironment in calvarial defects in rats, promoting bone healing and angiogenesis. MaR1 induced the proliferation and migration of mesenchymal stem cells, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis in calvarial defects, and benzo (b)-LxA4 and LxA4 promoted bone regeneration calvarial and alveolar bone defects in rats, inducing regeneration under inflammatory conditions. In summary, SPMs have emerged as pivotal contributors to the resolution of inflammation and the facilitation of bone neoformation within craniofacial and alveolar bone defects. These results are based on pre-clinical studies, in vivo and in vitro, and provide an updated review regarding the impact of SPMs in tissue engineering.
Estranhos no ninho? Perfil e carreira de titulares e suplentes no Senado Federal
Authors: Sainz Nilton , Engler Icaro
Published: October 2024

RESUMO Introdução: A escolha de candidatos a suplentes de senador no Brasil é bastante controversa. Conforme a percepção comum, o processo pouco transparente de formação das chapas e as profundas diferenças de perfis sociais e políticos entre titulares e suplentes podem causar graves distorções na representação política a partir do mecanismo de substituição. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as diferenças de trunfos sociais e capitais políticos e econômicos entre aqueles que compõem as chapas senatoriais. Materiais e métodos: Investigamos os 162 senadores e suplentes de senador eleitos em 2018 no Brasil. A partir das informações registradas no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, elaboramos um banco de dados sobre os perfis e os recursos sociais e políticos dos 54 senadores e dos primeiros e segundos suplentes (108 indivíduos). Para o tratamento dos dados, utilizamos a Análise de Correspondência e testes de hipótese para diferenças de média. Resultados: Senadores possuem reconhecimento tanto político (capital político) quanto econômico (capital econômico). Já os primeiros suplentes são empresários, indivíduos com laços familiares com políticos e burocratas do Estado. Na segunda suplência há maior distinção entre os perfis sóciopolíticos, com indivíduos ligados à militância partidária ou a movimentos sociais, mas também há um contingente elevado de anônimos na política. Discussão: Ao identificar essas combinações, o artigo vai de encontro com algumas noções estabelecidas na literatura e na opinião pública sobre os perfis dos suplentes de senador no Brasil. As evidências contrariam a ideia de que os suplentes são atores políticos com características completamente diferentes dos titulares. Demonstramos também que há similaridades importantes em relação ao patrimônio declarado de senadores e primeiros suplentes, tendo ambos um grande capital econômico. Já em termos de capital político, os segundos suplentes detêm bem menos recursos em relação aos primeiros suplentes, e estes menos recursos em relação aos senadores titulares.
Políticas distributivas nas cidades: o comportamento legislativo de vereadores na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba
Authors: Almeida Patrícia Sene de , Kauchakje Samira , Nascimento Neto Paulo
Published: October 2024

RESUMO Introdução: Analisamos o efeito das variáveis territoriais e da capacidade fiscal municipal nas proposições legislativas e na destinação das políticas distributivas pelas Câmaras dos Vereadores de quatro municípios selecionados da Região Metropolitana de Curitiba. Perguntamo-nos se há associação entre proposições legislativas de caráter distributivo de iniciativa de vereadores e características socioeconômicas, demográficas e fiscais dos municípios estudados. Materiais e métodos: Foram analisadas proposições legislativas de diferentes tipos tais como indicações, requerimentos e projetos de lei de iniciativa de vereadores. Classificamos essas proposições entre distributivas e não distributivas. Foram analisados também dados geográfico-territoriais, demográficos, socioeconômicos e fiscais de Mandirituba, São José dos Pinhais, Fazenda Rio Grande e Campo Largo. Empregamos estudo de casos comparados, estatística descritiva e análise de correlação para estimar a relação entre as variáveis dos municípios e as variáveis legislativas no período entre 2012-2019. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que a capacidade fiscal e as características territoriais municipais são fatores que podem orientar o comportamento político e a produção legislativa municipal, sendo que vereadores do município de Mandirituba, menos urbanizado, com piores indicadores socioeconômicos e menor capacidade fiscal produziram mais políticas distributivas comparativamente aos municípios de São José dos Pinhais, Fazenda Rio Grande e Campo Largo, mais urbanizados, com melhores indicadores e mais capazes fiscalmente. Discussão: Os achados apontam para uma explicação complementar às encontradas na literatura para as variações da proposição de políticas distributivas. Para além da conexão eleitoral, a destinação dessas políticas pode estar relacionada ao desenvolvimento socioeconômico e fiscal, às características demográficas e às necessidades desiguais e demandas específicas dos municípios. O estudo corrobora a literatura sobre a importância da incorporação do território nas análises da política e dos resultados das políticas públicas.
Caring for people with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic:a systematic review
Authors: Robles-García Juan Jesús , Martínez-López José Ángel
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Human history has been linked to numerous risks to survival, with pandemics being a constant in human life. People suffering from dementia experienced greater difficulties accessing healthcare and treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To identify how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced care for people with dementia or cognitive impairment. Methods: This research work is a systematic review conducted with a literature search in four databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCOHost, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest, following the methodological proposals of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guide. Results: The bibliographic research in the different databases offered a total of 561 records, of which 23 were chosen to elaborate the results. The main results were the increasing cognitive impairment and psychosocial consequences of social distancing during the pandemic, including sadness, helplessness, and abandonment in patients or feelings of burnout and overload in caregivers and health professionals. Conclusion: The COVID-19 placed patients with dementia in the background. During the pandemic, attention was focused primarily on emergencies and not so much on the monitoring of chronic diseases, which also caused psycho-emotional and social worsening.
Implementation of Basic Patient Safety Protocols: a quality improvement project
Authors: Santos Daniela Cristina dos , Bernardes Daniela de Souza , Mantovani Vanessa Monteiro , Gassen Marina , Jacques Fernanda Boaz Lima , Farina Veronica Alacarini , Lima Daiane Maria Fonseca de
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the effect of an improvement project on the implementation of Basic Patient Safety Protocols in Brazilian public hospitals. Method: This is an intervention study aimed at comparing measurements before-and-after the implementation of an improvement project in 35 public hospitals across three Brazilian regions, between July 2021 and September 2023. The intervention consisted of a set of activities to support the implementation of six Basic Patient Safety Protocols, with semimonthly collection of indicators. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, with the use of trend charts to demonstrate improvements, considering the first seven collection points as the baseline for comparisons. Results: After the intervention period, all Patient Safety Protocols showed improvements in their indicators. The prevention of falls and safe surgery stood out, with a 73% reduction in prevalence and a 675% increase in adherence to the safe surgery checklist, respectively, compared to the group of hospitals. Conclusion: The improvement project had a positive effect on patient safety in the institutions, evidenced by the improvement in indicators of all analyzed protocols.
Evaluation of participation in the case method: elements to consider for its incorporation in digital environments
Authors: Chiappe Andrés , Rivas Edinson Oswaldo Delgado , Carlier Sandra Idrovo , Delgado Fabiola Mabel Sáez
Published: October 2024

Abstract The transformation of learning assessment processes has become critical for educational institutions that apply the case method, according to international accrediting agencies. With the progressive inclusion of virtual or hybrid environments for this methodology, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic, and the expectations of Education in the fourth industrial revolution, it is relevant to explore the evaluation complexities associated with the case method. A multiple case study was conducted to identify the main problematic aspects of evaluation with this methodology. 58 sessions were documented with 2,596 students from 4 top management programs and 36 professors of different nationalities. The results highlight that student participation in plenary sessions is a decisive factor for evaluation, but it is affected by how the professor gives the floor, generally in a rather heterogeneous way, generating inequitable opportunities. The transformation of evaluation in the case method is critical given the inclusion of virtual environments. A study identified that the unequal participation of students, due to how the floor is given, affects equitable opportunities in evaluation.
Modalities of packaging reverse logistics in Brazil, Federal Decree No. 11,413, February 13, 2023
Authors: Patulski Ana Caroline de Paula , Carneiro Charles , Fernandes Valdir
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT This article addresses the modalities recently regulated by Federal Decree No. 11,413 of February 13, 2023, to enable the reverse logistics of post-consumer packaging in Brazil: compensation, structuring, and future mass. The study analyzed documentary data from electronic portals of management entities and independent verifiers operating in the national market. The results revealed that the modality called “compensation” serves as a payment mechanism for environmental services, in which those responsible for pollution pay cooperatives, associations, or other logistical agents of recyclable materials to provide services that include the collection, sorting, and environmentally friendly final disposal. The “structuring” modality focuses on optimizing the existing chain’s operational structure through financial investments ranging from acquiring equipment to supporting accounting, legal, and technical aspects. Meanwhile, the “future mass” modality involves financial investments to implement new systems where these do not yet exist or are incipient, ranging from establishing selective collection to structuring associations and cooperatives. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to infer that these modalities have attributes that can increase the efficiency of reverse logistics for post-consumer packaging in Brazil. Additionally, it was observed that the isolated implementation of each modality does not result in substantial advances. However, when integrated, these modalities complement each other as each one offers specific advantages and benefits suitable to meet the different particularities of each Brazilian region.
LA FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL PERMANENTE COMO DERECHO HUMANO AL TRABAJO EN EL MAGISTERIO PERUANO
Authors: Castillo Patiño Luis Alberto
Published: October 2024

La formación profesional permanente resulta trascendental para el desarrollo de competencias del magisterio, porque mejora su desempeño laboral, favorece logros de aprendizaje, una gestión escolar efectiva y la productividad-rentabilidad organizacional. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el nivel de implementación y conocimiento de la formación profesional permanente como derecho humano al trabajo en el magisterio peruano y sus particularidades en el sector público y privado. La metodología fue de enfoque mixto, tipo de investigación básica y socio jurídica, con diseño descriptivo-comparativo y concurrente, la muestra fue de 306 docentes y 16 normas jurídicas laborales. Los hallazgos indican que la implementación de la formación profesional permanente como derecho humano al trabajo es poco favorable, evidenciándose en el 35,0 % de docentes que la valora en proceso, mientras el 35,6 % la valora en inicio; además, el nivel de conocimiento de los docentes sobre dicha formación es desfavorable, reflejado en 23,2 % ubicados en nivel aceptable y 45,4 % en el nivel insatisfactorio; asimismo, el 0,273 de significancia bilateral demuestra que la diferencia no es significativa en el nivel de implementación y conocimiento de la formación profesional permanente como derecho humano al trabajo entre el magisterio público y privado.
Psychoactive Agents​: Drugs, Morality, and Responsibility
Authors: Carrier Neil , Ermansons Guntars
Published: October 2024

Special Section Introduction
A Potent Chew?: Kenyan Khat and the Agency of Drugs
Authors: Carrier Neil
Published: October 2024

Few other categories of things appear so bound up with questions of agency, power and responsibility as that of ‘drugs’. With over a century of global treaties and prohibition of such substances, we are accustomed to thinking of them as potent things that can hold us in their thrall. Social science approaches, in contrast, tend to downplay the agency and power of the drug itself, showing how such agency and power is distributed among wider contexts. This paper explores themes of drug power and agency through a case study of khat. While relatively weak in terms of pharmacology, khat brims with potency in how people talk about it and its effects. I argue that such talk is crucial for understanding the potency of the substance itself. This talk helps us understand how drug potency is not just a pharmacological property, but an historical, sociological and anthropological one too; such talk also acts to reinforce this potency through influencing expectations of what being ‘under the influence’ entails. Furthermore, while drug potency during moments of intoxication is fleeting, the stories of succumbing to a drug that arise from these moments have a longer-term potency as they are recounted over the years.
Pandemic and Politicisation in Argentina: Nursing Professional Trajectories in the Conurbano Bonaerense Region
Authors: Pozzio Maria , Testa Daniela
Published: October 2024

The article analyses the politicisation of nursing personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina, focusing on the trajectories of nurses trained in the public universities of the so-called ‘conurbano bonaerense’, especially in the young universities of the ‘Bicentenario’, rooted in a territory with strong traditions of popular political participation. The pandemic context accelerated the struggles for professional recognition among nurses. Analysing this process constitutes a significant contribution to the social studies of health and illness in Latin America, particularly regarding the role of gender. The pandemic has highlighted the necessity of making the history and demands of the nursing profession visible. Against this background, this article emphasises the challenging working conditions and lack of recognition faced by the nursing profession in Argentina, both materially and symbolically. Based on the analysis of narratives provided by nurses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the article analyses three politicisation trajectories of nursing graduates of Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche, on the conurbano bonaerense, the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires. We demonstrate the importance of the institutional context of the universities in this territory and underline its significance for the politicisation process we have observed.