bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nursing Challenges and Difficulties in Elderly Inpatient Care
Authors: Subba Munni
Published: August 2024

Avoiding falls and managing choking in hospitalized elderly inpatients requires a comprehensive and intriguing approach. Nursing professionals get together with other healthcare teams to implement evidence-based procedures, which include risk factors, patient education, and environmental changes. These interventions aim to decrease fall risk factors, improve patient safety, and minimize the probability of choking incidents. Through performing examinations, delivering patient education, and customizing the care environment, nurses play an essential role. Caregivers continuously keep a hawk eye on maintaining and monitoring their risk factors, such as noticing swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) to prevent choking during mealtime, as well as setting up customized fall prevention methods like using bed alarms and making sure that slippers and footwear are not slippery to avoid accidental slip-related risks. Where nurses observe the difficulties of swallowing, either the food supplies are according to the recommendation of the dietician to prevent choking or they are making sure the bed is in a low position with side rails on to reduce the risk of falling, improving patient safety and the quality of care for elderly inpatients. Along with proactive engagement and clear communication, nursing professionals help ensure the safety and well-being of elderly patients in inpatient care settings. To further enhance patient safety and quality of care for elderly inpatients with cognitive impairments, this chapter discusses the important procedures nurses use in collaboration with multi-professional teams including risk assessments, patient education, and environmental modifications. These practices help nurses to prevent falls as well as control choking incidents in elderly inpatients with cognitive disorders.
Redefining Student Achievement
Authors: Lewis Jr. Henderson , Johnson Shawna Mitchell , Phillips Evan
Published: August 2024

This chapter explores the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in classrooms on the development and implementation of authentic assessment practices. The integration of AI technology in classrooms has sparked varied perspectives among educators. As AI technology becomes increasingly integrated into educational settings, educators find themselves at a crossroads, with divergent perspectives on the benefits and challenges it presents. While some educators view AI as a valuable tool that can enhance student learning and provide support to teachers, others express concerns that AI may inadvertently encourage plagiarism among students. Through a qualitative exploration of the viewpoints and experiences of secondary teachers, this study illuminates the complex landscape of AI in education and its impact on authentic assessment practices. Key themes that emerged from the research include the belief among secondary teachers that authentic assessment practices play a crucial role in fostering creativity and meaningful learning experiences for students.
Assessment Authenticity
Authors: Doargajudhur Melina , Naraidoo Sanju , Zaung Nau
Published: August 2024

Innovative approaches to assessment design are an important aspect of this educational era. The new paradigm emphasizes a major consideration which is the validity of assessment tasks in adequately representing the intended learning outcomes. There is a quest for contextuality, hence the limitations of traditional assessments to align to relevant contexts in the wake of rapid technological progress. Considering this, authentic assessments have emerged as a workable alternative by offering a more holistic evaluation of learners' practical skills. This chapter explores the idea of authenticity and demonstrates how more authentic assessment methods have replaced conventional classroom techniques. It enlightens readers on their different forms and how they are currently being embraced by educators to support real-world learning opportunities that close the knowledge gap between academia and employability. This chapter also highlights the motivational benefits of authentic assessments that enhance the professional and employability skills of learners and points out some challenges.
Evaluating the Effectiveness and Impact of Authentic Assessment on Improving Students' Employability
Authors: Nau S. Zaung , Doargajudhur Melina , Naraidoo Sanju
Published: August 2024

This book chapter explores the design and implementation of authentic assessments to enhance students' employability skills. It includes a literature review and case study, highlighting the positive outcomes of integrating authentic assessments into academic frameworks. It emphasizes the importance of self-assessment and reflection in improving employability skills, and insights into the theoretical underpinnings and practical implications. This dual strategy enables students to gauge their progress in meeting project deliverables and also encourages self-reflection on individual professional development. By combining theory with real-world experiences, the study demonstrates how authentic assessments can prepare students for the job readiness. It also discusses the five dimensions of authentic assessment and the role of self-awareness in benefiting from these assessments. To ensure valuable work-integrated learning experiences, a structured approach and guidance should be provided. Overall, this approach fosters student self-efficacy in employability skills and job readiness.
Keeping It Real(ish)
Authors: Gambino Ashley
Published: August 2024

In the United States clinical higher education programs can be perceived as having ‘nailed' the concept of authentic assessment. College programs for nurses, physical therapists, and mental health counseling, for example, all have clinical experience requirements in which students are assessed. Communication sciences and disorders (CSD) programs have the potential to be viewed in a similar light. However, as one examines CSD programs a bit more closely, they see that the programs typically fall short of the mark of infusing authentic assessment into the curriculum in a consistent and beneficial manner. This chapter discusses these shortcomings and shares one CSD instructor's meandering journey to implementing more authentic assessment while respecting the necessity of traditional assessment in allied health professional training.
A Case Study on Transforming Finance and Accounting Education
Authors: Baranidharan S. , Subramani K. , Madeswaran A. , Victor Melvin
Published: August 2024

This case study explores the successful adoption of authentic assessment practices in the finance and accounting classroom at Christ University, Bangalore, India. the faculty sought to better prepare students for real-world challenges in the finance and accounting industry. The case study highlights the collaboration between faculty and industry professionals in designing authentic assessment tasks that simulate real-world scenarios. Tasks such as financial statement analysis, investment portfolio management, risk assessment, and strategic financial planning simulations engaged students, fostering critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Positive outcomes of authentic assessment implementation were observed, including increased student engagement and confidence in tackling real-world challenges. The use of rubrics and ongoing feedback provided personalised guidance to students, promoting continuous improvement. Technical critical analysis addressed considerations for validity, reliability, and assessment bias mitigation in authentic assessment.
Enhancing AI-Based Digital Technology Planning, Leadership, and Management to Transform Education
Authors: V. M. Gobinath , Ayyaswamy Kathirvel , Subramanian C. , Kathirvel Naren
Published: August 2024

A computer-generated simulation known as virtual reality submerges viewers in a three-dimensional setting. Users using VR headsets can interact realistically with items and situations while giving the impression that they are in a different location. VR has the potential to transform education by enhancing learning through immersive, engaging experiences. The use of VR in teacher education has drawn more attention in recent years. This is due to the fact that VR may be used to give teachers safe, realistic learning experiences that are challenging or impossible to reproduce in a conventional classroom setting. The combination of artificial intelligence (AI) with augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) is causing a dramatic shift in communication technology. This talk examines the fascinating intersections between these domains, emphasizing how AI fosters communication and how advancements in AR/VR technology broaden the scope of connection.
Fostering Green Product Design and Innovation for a Sustainable Future
Authors: Sharma Sunil
Published: August 2024

Climate change, resource depletion, and pollution pose existential threats to humanity. Traditional product design, with its focus on short-term gains and linear economy principles, has significantly contributed to these problems. Green product design offers a solution by minimizing environmental impact throughout a product's life cycle, from material sourcing to end-of-life management. In this chapter, we have discussed green products with examples and then provided the previous research for green product design. The overall advantages of green product design have been discussed to highlight their significance. Further, the barriers to the implementation of green product design in organizations have been discussed. This chapter then provides the green product design process for implementation in organizations. The support tools and methods to achieve green product design have been discussed. By understanding their strengths and limitations, designers can leverage them effectively to create more sustainable products that meet the needs of the environment, society, and the economy.
The Symphony of Efficiency
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Kamal Roop , Kaur Manpreet , Malhan Shivani
Published: August 2024

Robotic process automation (RPA) is transforming the healthcare industry through the automation of jobs, optimisation of workflows, and improvement of operational efficiency. This chapter examines the revolutionary capacity of robotic process automation (RPA), emphasising its various uses, advantages, and ethical implications. Although RPA enhances the efficiency of resource allocation and enhances the quality of patient care, it is crucial to tackle concerns such as job displacement and data privacy. Empirical case studies provide concrete evidence of the tangible effects of robotic process automation (RPA) on the delivery of healthcare services. Anticipating and adopting the progress of robotic process automation (RPA) with ethical accountability holds the potential for a more streamlined and patient-focused healthcare system.
21st Century Technologies to Facilitate K-12 Students' Global Perspective-Taking in the Post-Pandemic Era
Authors: Copper Jenna
Published: August 2024

This chapter highlights the value of information and communication technology (ICT) to facilitate global perspective-taking in K-12 schools. The data for this study was collected via two separate survey studies of K-12 educators, K-12 curriculum writers, and K-12 support staff. The first survey study was conducted in 2019 and had 139 respondents. A second iteration of the survey was administered to a new population in 2024 and had 140 respondents. The data collected provides pre- and post-pandemic insights into K-12 educators' use of ICT to facilitate global learning. The results indicate an increase in video conferencing and asynchronous tech tools for cross-cultural communication learning and an expansion of information technology for perspective-taking opportunities from pre- to post-pandemic. This chapter reports post-pandemic ICT strategies and practices for utilizing ICT to facilitate cross-cultural communication and enhance student global awareness.
Revisiting Technological Approaches for E-Content Development and Deployment From COVID-19 Pre-Pandemic to Post-Pandemic Era
Authors: Nadda Jagat Bhushan , Singh Akhilesh Kumar , Jain Rakshak
Published: August 2024

Alongside pedagogy, application of appropriate technology is an important determinant for effective learning experience with any e-content or e-learning system. To understand the proper utilization of IT strategies for e-content development, the qualitative method of research has been used in this study by which content analysis has been done on the interviewed data, gathered from the IT professionals and experts, with the help of Atlas.Ti software. As this study was conducted in the pre-pandemic era of Covid-19, the same kind of study has again been carried out to revisit and compare the changes, if any, in the technological approaches for e-content development and deployment in the post-pandemic era. The finding of the post-Covid study is also in line with the pre-Covid study wherein it was suggested how web technology can be deployed for e-content development. This chapter intends to spell out the pre-pandemic and post-pandemic technical framework and guidelines with step-by-step procedural implementation of technology for supporting the technology infused education.
Revealing the Post-Pandemic Prescriptive Technology Deployment of the Raspberry Pi-Powered Learning Management System Based on Augmented Theory
Authors: Quirit Renel Jay A. , Himang Celbert M.
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the technology adoption of raspberry pi-powered learning management system (RPP-LMS) in the post-pandemic educational landscape. Extending the UTAUT2 model, the authors integrate institutional adoption and academic support from the model of distance education. The findings from analyzing 302 distance education participants reveal significant relationships between various constructs, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, habit, and academic support, and their impact on adopting RPP-LMS. Notably, Habit emerges as a critical determinant, significantly influencing use behavior. Moreover, this study explains the moderating effects of age and gender on these relationships, providing valuable insights into demographic disparities in technology adoption. The authors propose a tailored technology deployment plan that offers practical strategies for educators, administrators, and policymakers to optimize distance learning experiences and promote the effective integration of technology in the aftermath of global disruptions.
Enhancing Students' Writing Skills Through a Dialogic Process With Instructional AI in the Post-Pandemic Era
Authors: Choi Min-Seok , Kim Do Kyun David
Published: August 2024

Over the pandemic period, most schools at all levels were equipped with several online platforms for teaching and learning and introduced to several AI-based instructional systems, such as generative AIs and AI-based search engines. Considering the process of adapting to this new teaching and learning environment with advanced technologies in the post-pandemic era, this study strived to construct a theoretical foundation for adaptive AI pedagogies and develop a practical instructional sequence that engages students with AI in their composition through a dialogic process between students and instructional AIs. In addition, this study will further discuss human instructors' role in the student learning process assisted by instructional AI.
Perspectives Before and After COVID-19 for Technology-Based Education of Pediatric Cancer Patients
Authors: Santos Paulo , Barbosa Débora Nice Ferrari , Barbosa Jorge Luis Victória , Gregorio Lucas
Published: August 2024

This research has as theme the teaching and learning processes mediated by digital technologies aimed at young people undergoing oncological treatment. In this context, between 2015 and 2020 the authors developed a project called “learning with technologies workshop” in which patients' writing, reading, and logical reasoning skills were developed, using mobile devices tablets. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the workshops were interrupted. In 2023, the authors resumed the project, now orientated by new trends in post COVID-19 education with technologies. Therefore, this chapter aims to discuss the trends prior and post COVID-19, identifying changes made to this research by analyzing an experience report of the new model of workshops developed in 2023. The results show that, in comparison, pre COVID-19 workshops were centered in individual tasks with little to no autonomy. In contrast, in post COVID-19 workshops students were incentivized to learn with autonomy, creativity, and citizenship in a digital culture.
Exploring AI's Impact on Our Post-Pandemic Educational System
Authors: Maine Jesse L.
Published: August 2024

Before the pandemic, artificial intelligence (AI) was quietly integrated into some supplemental programs used by teachers to aid students in practicing math and refining their reading skills. However, when schools abruptly shut down in March 2020, teachers had to rapidly embrace the concept of 24/7 virtual learning, which had previously seemed unimaginable. Many educators were introduced to tools that could automatically grade assignments, offer instant feedback on student writing, and assess skill levels while assigning practice activities for improvement. This sudden exposure led some teachers to perceive AI as newer than it actually was, or to notice its presence more frequently in their tools. Today, innovative educators are embracing AI technologies to save time, enhance teaching practices, and reach all students. This chapter aims to provide insights into these aspects and guide readers towards powerful AI tools that can assist educators in curriculum design, lesson planning, student engagement, and assessment, ultimately transforming our educational systems.
Anthropology and Ethnography in Organizations
Authors: Vargas-Hernandez José G. , Rodriguez-Maillard Carlos A. , Gonzàlez-Àvila Francisco J. , Guirette-Barbosa Omar A.
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze some of the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological implications between organizational anthropology and ethnography. Starting from the assumption that ethnographic analysis and interpretive research in organizational anthropology has an emergent and symbolic role rooted in social processes and without a priori assumptions, with explanations and categories defined by organizational actors. This is a part of the continuous changes that the organizations around the world are facing, like the Covid 19 pandemic that changed the way of working, modifying many of the rituals, symbols, behaviors, and employee's collaboration in this new era of the virtualization. The method used is based on analytical and descriptive questions from the theoretical and empirical review of the literature that leads to reflective analysis. It is concluded that ethnographic methodology is pertinent to be used in the analysis of its interactions with organizational anthropology as a new specialty in organizational studies.
Digitalization in Corporations
Authors: Kanojia Siddharth
Published: August 2024

Corporations are quickly learning how to benefit from digitalization in various facets of their operations whilst placing a significant focus on the requirements and experiences of their clients. Furthermore, by utilizing sophisticated analytical models and effective risk-management techniques, digitalization is also being used as a potent tool to improve internal governance and decision-making processes. Digitalization has made it easier for companies to fetch and access the data of various stakeholders through surveys or customer interactions, purchasing it from third-party data brokers, or using public data sources such as social media or government records. Hence, it also raises important questions about data privacy and security, and the appropriate balance between technological innovation and the protection of legal rights and obligations. Accordingly, this chapter intends to analyze the efficacy and utility of the latest amendments in the provisions of corporate law which intends to take due cognizance of these technological advancements.
Integrating Project-Based and Skills-Based Learning for Enhanced Student Engagement and Success
Authors: Vaithianathan V. , Subbulakshmi N. , Boopathi Sampath , Mohanraj M.
Published: August 2024

Higher education is embracing immersive, hands-on learning methodologies, including project-based and skills-based learning, which provide advantages for both teachers and students. It explores the integration of project-based and skills-based learning in higher education, emphasizing the significance of enhancing student involvement, cultivating critical thinking, and preparing graduates for the contemporary workforce. Project-based and skills-based learning initiatives have been applied in different academic subjects, tailored to specific needs. The importance of technology in project-based and skills-based learning is covered to focus on how it affects collaborative learning, project management, and skill development. The combination of project-based and skills-based learning in higher education is explored to provide suggestions for administrators and teachers.
Exploring Transdisciplinary Approaches to Teaching Physical Sciences in Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Tefo Reginah Mosima , Goosen Leila
Published: August 2024

Against the background of transdisciplinary approaches to learning outcomes in higher education, the purpose of this chapter is exploring transdisciplinary approaches to teaching Physical Sciences (PS) in selected schools of Gauteng province, South Africa with regard to a pedagogy of using smartboard technologies. The main focus of this chapter will e.g., be on bridging the gap of digital transformation in higher education and establishing the reliability and validity of research instruments using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).
Exploring the Landscape of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Applications
Authors: M. Anita , R. Dhivya Bharathi , C. Ambhika , T. P. Anish , B. Gracelin Sheena , R. Siva Subramanian
Published: August 2024

This in-depth analysis of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is a crucial instrument in the constantly changing field where cutting-edge technology and the complex field of healthcare collide. It discusses about how AI applications are becoming more and more integrated into healthcare, which calls for an extensive examination of all of its aspects, implications, and wider societal effects. With an emphasis on artificial intelligence's rapid rise in the medical field, it explores how AI is revolutionising patient involvement, diagnosis, treatment, and administrative tasks. Through highlighting moral conundrums, legal issues, and technical difficulties, it provides users with a road map for successfully navigating AI integration. It emphasises responsible AI use, transparency, and data security while placing an emphasis on ethical behaviours. It also fosters innovation and research, with the ultimate goal of improving patient care and creating a future in which healthcare is more accurate, accessible, and patient-centered.
Accountability, Trust, and Transparency in AI Systems From the Perspective of Public Policy
Authors: Agrawal Gaurav
Published: August 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) serves as a pivotal tool in comprehending the exponentially increasing volume of global data. By harnessing AI's capacity to construct robust models capable of interpreting vast datasets, there arises a surge in investments across various sectors towards AI-driven smart technologies. This surge is observed not only in scientific research but also in industry innovations, with analysts foreseeing substantial interest in the advancement of AI-driven smart technologies within the job market. However, amidst this rapid progression, it becomes imperative to address the potential ethical, safety, security measures, even-handedness, and transparency concerns surrounding AI driven smart technologies. Despite the undeniable benefits they offer, unchecked advancement may lead to oversight in regulating these systems, necessitating a proactive approach to mitigate risks.In elucidating the concept of AI-of-Things (AIoT), this paper advocate for a perspective that underscores the necessity for reliability and responsibility in AI driven smart technologies.
Prediction of Cervical Cancer With Application of Machine Learning Models
Authors: Ramakrishnappa Chandra Prabha , Singh Seema
Published: August 2024

Cancer accounts for a large number of fatalities each year. Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the cervix. . Cervical cancer is very curable and linked to a long survival and high quality of life when detected early. Cervical cancer can be prevented by screening tests, such the Pap smear test is used to identify precancerous stages. Nonetheless, there are a few disheartening drawbacks to the Pap smear test that includes its poor slide preparation and high rate of human error. Consequently, a computer-aided diagnosis system is presented as a fix for the issue. Artificial intelligence has been employed over the healthcare industry recently, greatly facilitating accurate diagnosis and the widespread use of medical networks. Artificial intelligence plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is classified as normal or abnormal using deep learning and machine learning techniques. This chapter proposes prediction of cervical cancer associating machine learning classifiers for the publicly available data set based on risk factors.
Multichannel Adaptive Data Mixture Augmentation for Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Ye Zhonglin , Zhou Lin , Li Mingyuan , Zhang Wei , Liu Zhen , Zhao Haixing
Published: August 2024

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated significant potential in analyzing complex graph-structured data. However, conventional GNNs encounter challenges in effectively incorporating global and local features. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel approach for GNN called multichannel adaptive data mixture augmentation (MAME-GNN). It enhances a GNN by adopting a multi-channel architecture and interactive learning to effectively capture and coordinate the interrelationships between local and global graph structures. Additionally, this paper introduces the polynomial–Gaussian mixture graph interpolation method to address the problem of single and sparse graph data, which generates diverse and nonlinear transformed samples, improving the model's generalization ability. The proposed MAME-GNN is validated through extensive experiments on publicly available datasets, showcasing its effectiveness. Compared to existing GNN models, the MAME-GNN exhibits superior performance, significantly enhancing the model's robustness and generalization ability.
Application of Multimedia Technology in PE Teaching in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Duan Fugui
Published: August 2024

With the rapid development of information technology, multimedia technology has gradually penetrated various fields, including physical education in colleges and universities. Traditional physical education teaching methods lack interaction, and it is difficult to ensure the durability and depth of the effect of teaching. In college physical education teaching, multimedia technology can be displayed through various forms of media, and it helps to stimulate students' interest and enthusiasm in learning. Therefore, we need to find a new teaching method to improve current physical education in colleges and universities. This paper expounds the applications of multimedia technology in college physical education from three dimensions: video teaching, audio teaching, and virtual reality technology. The effect of applying multimedia technology in physical education teaching is analyzed through case studies. This paper will provide a useful reference for the innovation and development of physical education teaching in colleges and universities.
Risks of AI-Assisted Learning on Student Critical Thinking
Authors: Çela Eriona , Fonkam Mathias Mbu , Potluri Rajasekhara Mouly
Published: August 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has increasingly become a transformative force in the education sector, offering unprecedented opportunities to enhance learning experiences and outcomes. This study examines the potential adverse effects of AI-assisted learning on critical cognitive skills, particularly critical thinking and problem-solving, within the context of Albania's educational landscape. Employing a quantitative methodology, a survey of 53 students was conducted across various educational institutions in Albania to gather data on their experiences and perceptions regarding AI-assisted learning. The findings indicate no significant difference in critical thinking skills between students with prior exposure to AI tools and those without. However, there is a statistically significant negative correlation between reliance on AI tools for assignments and students' problem-solving skills, suggesting that excessive dependence on AI can hinder the development of independent problem-solving abilities. Conversely, a strong positive correlation was found between the frequency of AI tool usage and students' perceptions of academic performance and assignment efficiency, highlighting the potential benefits of AI in enhancing these aspects of the educational experience. These results emphasize the need for a balanced integration of AI tools in education to ensure they complement rather than replace traditional learning methods. The study's findings have significant implications for educators and policymakers, suggesting that while AI can enhance certain educational outcomes, it is essential to address its potential risks to promote the development of essential cognitive skills. Future research should focus on larger, more diverse samples, incorporate objective measures of cognitive skills, and explore the long-term impacts of AI-assisted learning.
A Review of Online Information Privacy Theories Advanced in Eight AIS Journals Over the Last Decade
Authors: Alshehri Alanawd
Published: August 2024

Privacy in the information systems (IS) context is becoming increasingly challenging and complicated. This study conducted a systematic review of the information privacy literature in the IS context to identify theories to understand and explain online information privacy. We reviewed eight journals from the Association for Information Systems over the 10-year period from 2013 to 2023. These journals were identified as mainstream in the IS discipline by senior scholars in the field. We identified and explored 20 theories in depth. Our findings have important implications for academics and practitioners. Scholars can build on our findings to identify and adopt promising theories from other disciplines to be contextualized and applied to examining information privacy. New theories can enrich our understanding of information privacy and provide in-depth insights from different perspectives, thereby enhancing our understanding of information privacy issues.
Digital Transformation Driving SME Business Model Innovation
Authors: Liu Kam Pui , Chung Ka Wai , Chiu Weisheng , Chen Gary
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this paper is to propose a research model to investigate the relationships between dynamic capabilities, business model innovation, and business performance. The moderating role of digital transformation in the research model is also examined. A total of 262 managers in Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were enrolled via an online questionnaire. Data is scrutinized by partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 3.0. The findings of this study reveal that dynamic capabilities can positively affect business model innovation and business performance. Furthermore, business model innovation partially mediates the relationship between dynamic capabilities and business performance. Meanwhile, digital transformation has a positive moderating role in the aforementioned relationships. These findings bridge the research gaps in extant literature and contribute to theoretical and practical implications for SMEs.
Factors That Impact Time to Athletic Trainer Evaluation Following Acute Injury Among Secondary School Athletes: A Report From the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network
Authors: Renner Madison N. , Lam Kenneth C. , Srygler Emily C. , Adler Stephanie N. , Chambers Jennifer S. , Bell David R.
Published: August 2024

Context

Immediate athletic trainer (AT) availability for acute injuries is essential as worse long-term outcomes are associated with delays in receiving medical care. Several factors have been found to influence AT availability between secondary schools, but few studies have evaluated how medical coverage varies between athlete groups.

Objective

The purpose of this project was to identify factors that impact the time to AT evaluation following acute sport-related injury in a secondary school setting.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Retrospective analysis of deidentified patient records via the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network.

Patients or Other Participants

High school athletes diagnosed with an acute sport-related injury during in-season play from 2010 to 2023.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Time to AT evaluation was measured as the number of days between injury onset, reported by the patient, and AT evaluation.

Results

This report consists of 17 354 patient cases representing 20 different sports. Overall, 46.9% (n = 8138) of patients who sustained an injury during in-season play were evaluated by an AT the same day (range, 0–14 days). Significant group differences were reported for sex (P < .001), setting (P < .001), and sport level (P < .01), with female athletes and in-game injuries associated with longer times to AT evaluation. Freshmen were evaluated sooner than junior varsity (P < .01) and varsity (P < .001) athletes. No difference was observed between junior varsity and varsity athletes (P = .34).

Conclusions

Almost half of patients received medical care within 24 hours following an acute injury during in-season play, highlighting how qualified health care is accessible for many student-athletes through ATs in the secondary school setting. Differences in time to AT evaluation may be attributable to sex discrepancies in immediate medical coverage between sports and injury reporting patterns among athletes.
Association of CD24, CD27, and co-stimulatory molecules CD80 immunological marker expression on B-cells of human peripheral blood with development of celiac disease
Authors: Al-Madany Rahab Abd-Ali , Oudah Noor Abdulameer
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

B-cells express a variety of clusters of differentiation markers during development. These markers determine the basic function of the immune phenotype specific to B-cells. Changes in the expression of these markers are linked to the development of many diseases, including chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiency.

OBJECTIVE:

The current study aimed to investigate a change in CD24, CD27, and co-stimulatory molecules CD80 expression on peripheral blood B-cells and the extent of their contribution to celiac disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 60 male children, whose ages ranged between 8 and 14 years, participated in this study. Thirty-five were identified as having celiac disease, while the control group comprised 25 children with anti-tissue transglutaminase (TG) (immunoglobulin G [IgG]), anti-tissue TG (IgA), and deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) IgG levels normal. The frequency CD24, CD27, and CD80 expression were measured by flow cytometry.

RESULTS:

Celiac disease patients showed a substantial decrease in the percentage of CD24, CD27, and CD80 expression on B-cells compared to control groups.

CONCLUSION:

These findings suggest that numerical deficiency of CD24, CD27, and CD80 expression on B-cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell population, that may involve the loss of auto-tolerance that plays an important role in the immune response associated with inflammation and tissue damage in celiac disease. These immunological markers may be used as diagnostic indicators for this disease.
Unmasking Job Satisfaction: Insights from Tribal India’s Nurses amongst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kabirpanthi Vikrant , Gupta Vikas , Palaniyandi Subramani
Published: August 2024

Background:

Even prior to the pandemic, India’s nursing workforce faced a severe shortage, exacerbating the challenges they now face during the global health crisis. When compared to the WHO norm of 1:300, the lack of trained nurses is much worse, with a nurse-to-population ratio of 1:670. The level of job fulfilment experienced by healthcare workers on the frontlines is closely linked to how well strategies for preventing and managing significant emergencies are put into action and their overall impact.

Aims:

However, the job satisfaction status of Indian frontline healthcare staff during the fight against COVID-19 remains unexplored, so the present study was conducted to assess the job satisfaction during the pandemic of COVID-19 among the nurses.

Patients and Methods:

This cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted for a duration of 1 month among 139 nursing staff currently working at hospital. A survey questionnaire was designed according to relevant guides, which gathered demographic details and job satisfaction using Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS) developed by Spector et al. The nurses were approached individually by investigator and were requested to complete the questionnaire on the same day. The MS Excel spreadsheet was used to enter the collected data. The Chi-square test was performed to find the association between poor JSS score and independent variables. An association was considered significant if the P < 0.05 for all tests (two-tailed) at a 5% level of significance.

Results:

The mean age for the 139 nursing staff was 27.37 ± 4.193 years. The overall mean score for JSS was 150.75 ± 31.591 and based on median (156 or less) as cut off for the poor JSS, nearly 47.5% of nurses were having poor JSS score. The Chi-square test analysis showed that the nurses of younger age (<25 years), staying at rented house, residing alone, working for more hours daily (6 or more) and having lesser night duties/month (<10 days) were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with the poor overall JSS.

Conclusion:

The findings of the study might be of great reference value for improving the job satisfaction level of nursing staff during public health emergencies, developing nursing staff security policies, and promoting the establishment of emergency response teams.
Wybrane aspekty opieki nad osobami transpłciowymi i zróżnicowanymi pod względem płci
Authors: Zurzycka Patrycja , Wojtas Katarzyna , Musiał Zofia
Published: August 2024

Due to changing social and legal circumstances, increasingly more people choose to disclose their transgender and gender diverse status. Caring for this group of patients is a major challenge for medical facilities. The aim of this paper is to present general principles of care for transgender and gender diverse individuals. The paper is based on the analysis of available studies. The literaturę analysis confirms that the issue of transgender and gender diverse patients is addressed by many authors. Given the prevalence of reporting transgender identity and the resulting health problems/ needs, it becomes necessary to provide holistic care and educate medical personnel in this area.
Wielokierunkowy wpływ wysiłku fizycznego na układ immunologiczny u sportowców wyczynowych
Authors: Macura  , Szczepanik
Published: August 2024

The extreme physical effort and psychological stress are everyday challenges faced by athletes. The regular training results in adaptation to increasing physical effort. It contributes to changes in various organs and metabolic processes. Intense physical training has been shown to affect numerous body systems including the immune system. The aim of this paper is to present the influence of extreme physical activity on various aspects of immune response. The changes in the immune system of athletes include not only those related to blood leukocytes, but those in connection to respiratory and gut associated lymphoid tissue as well. Moreover, the immune cells play an important role in muscle regeneration after sustaining training injury. The mmunology of physicial activity – mainly extreme physical activity – is a new, not fully recognized yet field of research. The understanding of these interactions facilitates a proper training planning for different groups of athletes.
A Session Type System for Asynchronous Unreliable Broadcast Communication
Authors: Kouzapas Dimitrios , Gutkovas Ramunas Forsberg , Voinea A. Laura , Gay Simon J.
Published: August 2024

Session types are formal specifications of communication protocols, allowing
protocol implementations to be verified by typechecking. Up to now, session
type disciplines have assumed that the communication medium is reliable, with
no loss of messages. However, unreliable broadcast communication is common in a
wide class of distributed systems such as ad-hoc and wireless sensor networks.
Often such systems have structured communication patterns that should be
amenable to analysis by means of session types, but the necessary theory has
not previously been developed. We introduce the Unreliable Broadcast Session
Calculus, a process calculus with unreliable broadcast communication, and equip
it with a session type system that we show is sound. We capture two common
operations, broadcast and gather, inhabiting dual session types. Message loss
may lead to non-synchronised session endpoints. To further account for
unreliability we provide with an autonomous recovery mechanism that does not
require acknowledgements from session participants. Our type system ensures
soundness, safety, and progress between the synchronised endpoints within a
session. We demonstrate the expressiveness of our framework by implementing
Paxos, the textbook protocol for reaching consensus in an unreliable,
asynchronous network.
Journey of Success: Exploring Strategies and Resilience among Successful Criminologist
Authors: S. Colanggo Mark Ednester , S. Malolot Denmark , Y. Montemayores Philine , C. Zafra Ara Mina , R. Daniel Edmar , Cuevas Jr. Jose F.
Published: August 2024

The study examined the strategies and resilience of successful criminologists during board examination preparation, focusing on nine purposively selected participants from Misamis Occidental. Utilizing an interview guide for data collection, the study found that participants emphasized the importance of emotional support, mentorship, and effective study techniques in overcoming the challenges of exam preparation. Their experiences underscored the significance of family, mentors, and peers in providing both academic guidance and emotional encouragement. The study's findings suggest the importance of comprehensive support systems in educational institutions to assist students in managing exam stress and achieving their academic goals in criminology. The findings revealed the demand for self-discipline, disciplined schedules, and intrinsic drive to attain academic success, with participants dedicating substantial hours to structured study routines and emphasizing the role of intrinsic motivation in maintaining focus and resilience. Overcoming barriers and enhancing exam preparation required a multifaceted approach, which included incorporating review center materials with personal notes to reinforce foundational knowledge, receiving emotional support from mentors and family to combat self-doubt and stress, and employing efficient study techniques such as peer collaboration and time management to optimize learning and performance. The study concluded that a thorough exam preparation strategy is strongly influenced by effective time management and self-discipline, intrinsic motivation, integrating review materials with personal notes, emotional resilience, mentorship, and peer collaboration, all of which lead to academic achievement. To help students prepare for exams, educational institutions should create customized study schedules, improve discipline, incorporate organized materials, and offer extensive support systems.
A CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GANDHAKA RASAYANA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GRAHANI ROGA
Authors: Vinod Kumar Gautam , Pramod Kumar Mishra
Published: August 2024

Background & Objective:
Grahani Roga is considered a Tridoshatmaka disorder of the digestive system, directly related to the status of Agni and diet habits, which occurs due to the vitiation of Agni (Mandagni) and Doshas. Gandhaka Rasayana is a standard Herbo-mineral formulation of Ayurveda, used extensively in treating various skin, wound and gastrointestinal disorders. It was believed to be significant in Amapachana, Agnideepana, Rasayana, Raktaprasadana, Kledaghna, and Krimihara activity. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Gandhaka Rasayana in the management of Grahani Roga.
Materials & Methods:
The trial drug Gandhaka Rasayana was administered 500 mg twice a day to 90 selected patients of Grahani Roga. After 45 days of trial, the effectiveness of Gandhaka Rasayana was statistically evaluated based on various parameters, such as Subjective, Clinical, and Objective improvement.
Results and Conclusion:
Gandhaka Rasayana was found statistically highly significant in the Clinical Symptoms of Grahani Roga, with 38.39% average improvement; it also had a significant effect on Agni Bala and Deha Bala, with 48.81% and 39.09% average improvement, respectively. Hence, the overall average effect on parameters of clinical improvement after the therapeutic trial of Gandhaka Rasayana in 90 patients of Grahani Roga was 42.09%. Thus, Gandhaka Rasayana is a very potent drug and can be used effectively in the management of Grahani Roga.
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF AVASCULAR NECROSIS WITH CHANDAN BALA
LAKSHADI TAIL AND LAKSHADI GUGGUL
Authors: Vijaywargiya Dinesh , Mandloi Anjali , Kushwaha Champalal , Shriwastava Sanjay , Pati R.K.
Published: August 2024

Avascular Necrosis (AVN) is a progressive degenerative condition of bone that mainly affects the bone of the
lower region. It is more common in the hip joint. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head refers to the death of osteocytes with subsequent structural changes due to impaired blood supply. People between 30 and 50 years of age
are usually affected. It is associated with excessive alcohol intake and long-term use of high-dose steroidal medications. On the contrary, Ayurvedic treatment provides long-term relief and prevents disease progression without
drawbacks. it is Vata Pradhana Tridoshaja Vyadhi with Vikruti of Asthi-Majja Dhatu. In modern medicine, no
specific treatment other than surgery is available. The present case study is upon a 45year male patient, diagnosed
with avascular necrosis involving nearly 50 percent of the femoral head with moderate marrow oedema (stage 3rd)
femoral head with complaints of pain in the bilateral hip region since one and half years, which was associated
with difficulty in doing normal daily activities such as walking, sitting, squatting along with a change in the gate.