bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“When I am breathless now, I don’t have the fear that’s linked to it.” A case series on the potential of EMDR to break the dyspnea-anxiety cycle in COPD
Authors: Mooren Kris , Smit Kirsten , Engels Yvonne , Janssen Daisy , Godschalx Judith
Published: May 2022

BackgroundExpectations can enhance the intensity and the neural processing of breathlessness. Previous breathlessness episodes may have a psychotraumatic effect and may influence perception of subsequent episodes. In post-traumatic stress disorder, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is the therapy of choice. Aims and objectivesWe explored the hypothesis that EMDR in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and previous severe breathlessness episodes improves breathlessness mastery by decreasing the anxiety component. MethodsSince there is no previous research on this subject, we undertook a qualitative case series to explore it. We included four patients with COPD GOLD 4/D and refractory breathlessness who wished to undergo EMDR for traumatic breathlessness episodes. Amongst others, we used the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ) before and after EMDR, and semi-structured, face-to-face, in-depth interviews.ResultsAll patients had between 3 and 5 EMDR sessions. On CRQ, subset mastery, 3 patients had a large improvement and 1 patient a moderate improvement. On subset emotional functioning, 3 patients showed a large clinically relevant improvement and 1 patient showed no change. All patients made a distinction between ‘regular’ breathlessness and breathlessness intertwined with anxiety. They all stated that the anxiety component of their breathlessness diminished or disappeared. When asked whether they would recommend EMDR for other COPD patients, all four subjects answered positively.ConclusionsThere is ground for a randomized controlled clinical trial to test the effect of EMDR on breathlessness mastery in a subset of COPD patients with previous severe breathlessness episodes and high levels of anxiety.
Blade-running: An efficient sanitary behavior against summit disease in ants
Authors: Erős Katalin , Csata Enikő , Rákosy László , Markó Bálint
Published: May 2022

Social systems are attractive targets for parasites. Once infiltrated they could manipulate the host to contribute to their further dispersal. A wide array of parasites causes summit disease driving their host up on a grass blade from where propagules are then dispersed. In ants, previous observations suggested the existence of a social prophylactic strategy that could help reduce the pathogen’s dispersal success through early corpse disposal in the case of summit causing pathogenic Pandora fungus. We experimentally tested the efficiency of such prophylactic mechanisms in a large nest complex using fresh ant corpses and dummies fixed to grass blades. Indeed, ants discovered and disposed of corpses very efficiently, primarily of those close to the nest margin, while dummies were mostly neglected. We argue that this behavior is not necessarily specific, but rather part of a general set of behaviors that could be of use to fight other pathogens as well that cause summit disease.
A parametric approach to estimate streamflow quantiles using annual flow–duration curves
Authors: Asikoglu Omer Levend , Narin Tugce
Published: May 2022

The flow–duration curve (FDC) is a significant instrument used in solving many hydrological and environmental problems such as evaluating water quality, examining water supply and use for hydroelectric generation and irrigation, and investigating sedimentation and low flows. However, the insufficiency of flow data allows FDCs to be used only for gauged basins or gauged locations in a basin. Therefore, obtaining regional relationships that provide effective estimates about a region, by using the records of existing stations in the region, becomes necessary. This paper illustrates a simple parametric approach, where droughts are characterized by using the lower part of the annual flow–duration curve. The paper uses the actual instantaneous flow data of 30 basins in Western Anatolia and 21 basins in Southwestern Anatolia, Turkey to offer a new perspective for the estimation of streamflow quantiles using Areal Scale Factors (ASFs), which efficiently represent the relationship between flow quantile and basin area.
Salvianolic acid A improves chronic cerebral ischemia through TLR4/MAPKs/AP-1 signaling pathway
Authors: Bai Fei , Yin Sheng , Xu Yue , Wang Jian , Hu Qing-Qing , Sun Ren-Kuan , Wang Jin-Hui , Yang Bao-Feng , Li Chun-li
Published: May 2022

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a clinical syndrome. Long-term chronic cerebral low perfusion will lead to insufficient blood supply to the brain, this leads to a pathological cascade. Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is a water-soluble phenolic acid contained in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., which has regulated effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. We established a chronic bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) model to investigate the improvement of SAA on cognitive dysfunction after chronic cerebral ischemia, and further explore whether it has a protective effect on hippocampal neuron damage. The mRNA changes of BCCAO model rats before and after SAA administration were analyzed based on RNA-Seq technique. Combined with GO and KEGG analysis results, PPI network analysis was performed for the major differential genes. Finally, the results were verified by western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. After SAA treatment in BCCAO rats, behavioral experiments showed that SAA could improve learning and memory dysfunction caused by BCCAO model in rats. Moreover, it can significantly improve the hippocampal damage caused by long-term cerebral ischemia. Differential gene analysis revealed that there were multiple gene and pathway changes before and after SAA treatment. The genes we screened included TLR4, MyD88, Fos, Jun, ERK1/2, JNK and P38. Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that SAA could regulate the TLR4/MAPKS/AP-1 signaling pathway, reduce the release of inflammatory factors, improve the nerve injury caused by brain ischemia in rats, and playing neuroprotective effects.
Cutting Performance of Tool with Continuous Lubrication of Atomized Cutting Fluid at Tool-chip Interface
Authors: Zhang Wei , Cao Tongkun
Published: May 2022

The application of conventional minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) will cause a large amount of oil mist particles to suspend in the air, which will harm the environment and people's health. In order to reduce the side-effects of the conventional MQL technology and the waste of cutting fluid, this paper has proposed an improved lubrication method, and a new cutting tool was fabricated. A micro-channel inside the new tool connects the tool rake face and the atomizing system, which can directly supply the atomized cutting fluid to the tool-chip contact interface for continuous lubrication. The cutting lubrication performances of the new lubrication method were compared with that of the conventional MQL, and the effectiveness of the new lubrication method was verified. The results include that the cutting force, the length of tool-chip contact, and the friction coefficient of the new lubrication method have decreased, but the cutting temperature has increased. The effect of lubricating is better than the conventional MQL. Meanwhile, the amount of the cutting fluid used by the new lubrication method has been reduced by 10 times. And the wear mechanism is dominated by adhesive wear.
Scalable nonlinear helical dichroism in chiral and achiral molecules
Authors: Bégin Jean-Luc , Jain Ashish , Parks Andrew , Hufnagel Felix , Corkum Paul , Karimi Ebrahim , Brabec Thomas , Bhardwaj Ravi
Published: May 2022

Chiral interactions are prevalent in nature, driving a variety of bio-chemical processes. Discerning the two non-superimposable mirror images of a chiral molecule, known as enantiomers, requires interaction with a chiral reagent with known handedness. Circularly polarized light beams are often used as a chiral reagent. Here, we demonstrate efficient chiral sensitivity with linearly polarized helical light beams carrying an orbital angular momentum of $\pm\it{l\hbar}$, in which the handedness is defined by the twisted wavefront structure tracing a left- or right-handed corkscrew pattern as it propagates in space. By probing nonlinear optical response, we show that helicity dependent nonlinear absorption occurs even in achiral molecules and can be precisely controlled. We model this effect by considering induced multipole moments in light-matter interactions. Design and control of light-matter interactions with helical light opens new opportunities in chiroptical spectroscopy, light-driven molecular machines, optical switching, and in-situ ultrafast probing of chiral systems and magnetic materials.
H∞ Adaptive Learning Vibration Controller for Steel Offshore Platform with Random Control Delay and Structural Uncertainty Compensation
Authors: Zhang Yun , MA Hui , WANG Shu-Qing , XU Jianliang , SU Hao , ZHANG Jing
Published: May 2022

In this paper, an adaptive learning H∞ controller is proposed to attenuate the wave-wind-induced vibration of a jacket offshore platform with varying control delay and structured uncertainty. A novel scheme is proposed regarding bounded H∞ performance and nonlinear uncertainty approximation online, incorporated with adaptive and fixed parts respectively. The adaptive part is self-adjusting based on neural network updating laws, and the fixed part is derived through minimizing the generalized H∞ disturbance attenuation index. In the presented scheme, accurate values of real-time control delay and upper-bounds of uncertainties are not necessarily required. The stability of controller is proved by Lyapunov functions following the simulation results. Comparable experiments efficiently illustrate feasibility and vibration-attenuation effectiveness of the proposed approach in both shallow and deep water.
Survival by first-line treatment type and timing of progression among follicular lymphoma patients: A national population-based study in Sweden
Authors: Weibull Caroline , Wästerlid Tove , Wahlin Bjorn , Andersson Per-Ola Andersson , Ekberg Sara , Lockmer Sandra , Enblad Gunilla , Crowther Michael , Kimby Eva , Smedby Karin Ekstrom
Published: May 2022

In follicular lymphoma (FL), progression of disease ≤24 months (POD24) has emerged as a prognostic marker for overall survival (OS). We aimed to investigate OS broadly by timing of progression and treatment in a population-based setting. A total of 948 stage II-IV indolent FL patients, diagnosed 2007-2014 and treated with first-line systemic therapy, were identified in the Swedish Lymphoma Register and followed through 2020. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by first progression of disease at any time during follow-up (POD) using Cox regression. OS was predicted by POD using an illness-death model. During a median follow-up of 6.1 years (range: 0-10), 414 patients experienced POD (44%), of which 270 (65%) occurred ≤24 months. Compared with patients in remission, POD increased all-cause mortality across treatment groups, but less so among patients treated with rituximab(R)-single (HR=4.54, 95% CI: 2.76-7.47) than R-chemotherapy (HR=8.17, 95% CI: 6.09-10.94). The negative impact of POD on survival remained for progressions up to five years after R-chemotherapy, but was restricted to the first two years after R-single. To conclude, progression of disease beyond 24 months is associated with worse survival, illustrating the need for individualized management for optimal care of patients with FL.
High Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as an early sign of cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients treated with anthracycline
Authors: Baruch Ranny , Zahler David , Zornitzki Lior , Arbel Yaron , Rozenbaum Zach , Arnold Joshua H. , Raphael Ari , Khoury Shafik , Banai Shmuel , Topilsky Yan , Kapusta Livia , Laufer-Perl Michal
Published: May 2022

Background: Cardiotoxicity, defined mainly as left ventricle (LV) dysfunction, is a significant side effect of anthracyclines (ANT) therapy. The need for an early simple marker to identify patients at risk is crucial. High Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) has been associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients, however, its role as a predictor for cardiotoxicity development is unknown. Objective: We aimed to evaluate whether elevated NLR, following ANT exposure, plays a predictive role in the development of cardiotoxicity as defined by LV global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) relative reduction (≥10%).Methods and results: Data were prospectively collected as part of the Israel Cardio-Oncology Registry (ICOR). A total of 74 female patients with breast cancer, scheduled for ANT therapy were included. NLR levels were assessed at baseline (T1) and during ANT therapy (T2). All patients underwent serial echocardiography at baseline (T1) and after the completion of ANT therapy (T3). NLR≥ 2.58 was found to be the optimal predictive cut-off for LV GLS deterioration. A relative LV GLS reduction ≥10% was significantly more common among patients with high NLR (50% vs. 20%, p=0.009). NLR ≥ 2.58 increases the risk for LV GLS reduction by 4-fold (OR 4.63, 95%CI 1.29-16.5, p = 0.02), with each increase of 1-point NLR adding an additional 15% risk (OR 1.15, 95%CI 1.01-1.32, p = 0.046).Conclusions: Our study provides novel data that high NLR levels, following ANT exposure, have an independent association with the development of LV dysfunction. Routine surveillance of NLR may be an effective means of risk-stratifying.
The effect of tungsten (W) concentration and sulfuration on optical absorbance and tuning of band gap of 2D-MoS2 thin films.
Authors: Faraji S. , Bagheri-Mohagheghi Mohammad
Published: May 2022

In this study, two dimensions (2D) of MoS2: W thin films were deposited by spray pyrolysis on glass substrate at T=400 °C by changing the concentration of tungsten trioxide as [W/Mo] = 0.01, 0.05, 0.15 and, 0.2. The annealing process under sulfuration for MoS2: W thin films were studied with sulfur (S) concentration ratio of [S/Mo]=2. Thiourea ((H2N) CS (NH2)) precursors were used as sulfur sources and WO3 as tungsten source for thin films. After preparing thin films, the effect of tungsten (W) concentration and annealing on the structural, optical absorbance and tunning of band gap of MoS2: W thin films was studied. The XRD results showed that sulfur-free thin films had an orthorhombic structure and after sulfurization a hexagonal structure. Also, the size of the nanocrystals for (002) preferred peak increased as considerably with increasing concentration of tungsten (W) up to 15%W. The surface images of thin films by FE-SEM showed that the morphology of crystals changed after annealing and sulfurization. Also, the behavior of absorption coefficient (α) and extinction coefficient (k) in terms of wavelength in the UV-Vis region has been studied. The energy gap after annealing increases with increasing tungsten concentration. The optical absorption analysis showed that the direct optical gap of the thin films varies in the range ΔEg=0.66 before annealing and in the range of ΔEg=0.46 after annealing under sulfurization.
Death review caused by Covid 19 in Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Rajat Sanker Roy , Nath Jishu Deb , Nisha Fatema Emrose , Sarker Prasenjit
Published: May 2022

Background
COVID 19 pandemic had taken away lots of human life prematurely worldwide and death laid its icy hands also on Bangladesh. So, objectives of this study were to review the death cases in terms of monthly distributions, age, sex, co-morbidities, localities and duration of hospital due to the COVID 19 infection.
Results
There was a low frequency of death in the months May-2021 and October-2021(7.1% and 2.7% respectively) but more during June − 2021 to September 2021 (12.4%, 16.8%, 42.5% and 18.6% respectively). Female deaths were more than male deaths(53.1% vs 46.9%, p < 0.05). Age more than 51 years were the most vulnerable where 26(23%) deaths were at age group 51–60 years, 39(34.5%) deaths were at 61–70 years and 22(19.4%) deaths were more than 71 years. Mean age of death was found 60.66 years and mean duration of hospital stay was found 9.45 days. Maximum duration of hospital stay was 45 days for one patient. Co-morbidities of death cases revealed 52(46.00%) patients had DM and HTN both, 17(15.0%) patients had HTN, 16(14.1%) had DM, 3(2.6%) had BA and COPD, 4(3.5%) had CKD, 2(1.7%) had cancer, 3(2.6%) had CVD, 19(16.8%) had IHD and 16(14.1%) patients had no co-morbidities. Locality of the death cases revealed 44(38.9%) patients came from rural areas and 69(61.1%) came from urban areas.
Conclusions
Higher age group and multiple co-morbidities specially DM, HTN and IHD were related with COVID deaths mostly found in our study.
Safety of inactivated COVID‑19 vaccine in pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Yi Cuili , Zheng Xiaohuang , Lin Kezhao , Xiao Jihong
Published: May 2022

Background: Little is known about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases. We evaluated the occurrence of adverse events following immunization in pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases who received inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Methods: We performed a retrospective study from November 1, 2021 to February 28, 2022 about vaccine history in pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases of the outpatient rheumatology clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University. The survey was conducted in the form of questionnaires. Data were collected after vaccination and included demographic, diagnosis, current treatment and adverse effects after vaccination. Results: We recruited 192 patients. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis was the most common disease (n=145). All patients received the first dose of vaccine. After the first dose, 34 (17.7%) participants had at least one adverse effect, including 11.5% local reactions and 9.4% systemic reactions. About 97.5% adverse effects were self-limited. One hundred and eighty-nine patients received the second dose of vaccine, 30 (15.9%) participants had at least one adverse effect, including 10.05% local reactions and 7.4% systemic reactions, all adverse effects were self-limited. No severe adverse effects were observed, and no patients experienced hospitalized. The occurrence of flare of underlying rheumatic diseases were recorded in 5 (2.6%) of patients after vaccination, only 1 (0.5%) patient requiring a new medication to treat the flare.Conclusions: The current results support the safety of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases. This information can help fight vaccine hesitancy in this population.
The gut microbiota and metabolome is associated with diminished COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody responses in immunosuppressed inflammatory bowel disease patients
Authors: Alexander James L , Mullish Benjamin H , Danckert Nathan P , Liu Zhigang , Saifuddin Aamir , Torkizadeh Melissa , Ibraheim Hajir , Blanco Jesús Miguéns , Roberts Lauren A , Bewshea Claire M , Nice Rachel , Lin Simeng , Prabhudev Hemanth , Sands Caroline , Sluis Verena Horneffer-van der , Lewis Matthew , Sebastian Shaji , Lees Charlie W. , Teare Julian P , Hart Ailsa , Goodhand James R. , Kennedy Nicholas A. , Marchesi Julian R. , Ahmad Tariq , Powell Nick
Published: May 2022

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with anti-TNF therapy exhibit attenuated humoral immune responses to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. The gut microbiota and its functional metabolic output, which are perturbed in IBD, play an important role in shaping host immune responses. We explored whether the gut microbiota and metabolome could explain variation in anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination responses in immunosuppressed IBD patients. Faecal and serum samples were prospectively collected from infliximab-treated patients with IBD in the CLARITY-IBD study undergoing vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Antibody responses were measured following two doses of either ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BNT162b2 vaccine. Patients were classified as having responses above or below the geometric mean of the wider CLARITY-IBD cohort. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and bile acid profiling with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) were performed on faecal samples. Univariate, multivariable and correlation analyses were performed to determine gut microbial and metabolomic predictors of response to vaccination. Forty-three infliximab-treated patients with IBD were recruited (30 Crohn’s disease, 12 ulcerative colitis, 1 IBD-unclassified; 26 with concomitant thiopurine therapy). Eight patients had evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Seventeen patients (39.5%) had a serological response below the geometric mean. Gut microbiota diversity was lower in below average responders (p = 0.021). Bilophila abundance was associated with better serological response, while Streptococcus was associated with poorer response. The faecal metabolome was distinct between above and below average responders (OPLS-DA R2X 0.25, R2Y 0.26, Q2 0.15; CV-ANOVA p = 0.038). Trimethylamine was associated with better response, while succinate, phenylalanine and the bile acids taurolithocholate and taurodeoxycholate were associated with poorer response. Our data suggest that there is an association between the gut microbiota and variable serological response to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised patients. Microbial metabolites including trimethylamine may be important in mitigating anti-TNF-induced attenuation of the immune response.
Socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics of clients that accepted contraceptives at abortion centre at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic hospital, Johannesburg (CMJAH), South Africa: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Baffour-Duah Kennedy , Shimange-Matsose Lusanda , Olorunfemi Gbenga
Published: May 2022

Background: Access to family planning services is an important preventive strategy against maternal mortality as it can considerably reduce unintended pregnancies and prevent sequalae of unsafe abortion. We aimed to describe the sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics of abortion seekers and investigate factors associated with uptake of contraception following induced abortion at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.Method: This study was a cross-sectional study among women who had legal termination of unwanted pregnancy at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), from 1 January 2021 to July 2021. Questionnaires were administered to 80 consenting consecutive clientsafter undergoing induced abortion . Information on socio demographic and reproductive characteristics and pattern of contraceptive uptake of the respondents were obtained. Descriptive and bivariate analysis were conducted to determine the pattern and relationship of sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics and contraceptive uptake.Results:. The mean age of the 80 respondents was 25.6 ± 6.6 years, and the youngest and oldest respondents were 14 and 39 years respectively. Majority of the participants were of the Black race (96.25%, n= 77/80), single (90.00%, n= 72/80), of the Christian faith (80.00%, n= 64/80) and unemployedThe median number of children alive among the clients was 1(0-2), with about 37.5% of the participants being nulliparous. About 16.25% of the participants had had at least one previous termination of pregnancy.The prevalence of postabortion contraceptive uptake was 97.5% (95%CI: 90.36% - 99.39%, N=78/80). More than half chose injectable contraceptive (53.85%, 95%CI: 42.60% - 64.71%, N= 42/78), followed by Oral Contraceptive Pills (21.79%, 95%CI: 13.90% - 32.49% N= 17/78).We found no association between socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics, and contraceptive uptake among the abortion clients (p values >0.05).Conclusion: The immediate postabortion contraceptive uptake in our facility is very high. Majority of the clients accepted injectable contraceptives. The demographic and reproductive characteristics of our clients did not affect uptake of postabortion contraception. More education is needed to improve uptake of other long-acting contraception that may not require frequent contact with the health facility.
Evaluation of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of forage corn under different irrigation systems
Authors: Nafchi Rahim Alimohammadi , Mirabbasi Rasoul
Published: May 2022

One of the suitable approaches to shorten the growing season and increase the qualitative and quantitative performance of the forage corn is to use modern irrigation systems and transplantation. In this research, transplanting and direct sowing were evaluated on two sowing dates (on time and delay) in the Chahartakhteh research station. The study has conducted in three experiments for two years. Each experiment was performed based on the split plot as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Qualitative characteristics, including ear yield, bush height, ear formation height, and protein content have been measured at the end of any farming season. The results showed no significant difference in ear yield among three irrigation systems (tape, sprinkler, and surface irrigation systems). Ear yield in the first sowing date was more than the second sowing date (delayed sowing date) and in the transplanting method was more than the seeding method. Bush height also showed no significant difference among the three studied irrigation methods. The maximum bush height was 228.6 and 227.1 cm, respectively in July sowing date and direct sowing. Ear formation height was similar to bush height in all irrigation methods, sowing date and sowing method. The maximum protein content was 9.8% in the sprinkler irrigation method. The results indicated that the protein content and Ear yield of the July sowing date were significantly different from the June sowing date, and it had no significant difference in direct sowing and transplantation than protein content.
Enantioinduction of triplet state bonding with genetically repurposed photoenzymes
Authors: Zhong Fangrui , Sun Ningning , Huang Jianjian , Qian Junyi , Zhou Taiping , Guo Juan , Zhao Weining , Wu Guojiao , Liao Rong-Zhen , Chen Xi , Wu Yuzhou
Published: May 2022

Over the last half century, the remarkable advance in the field of asymmetric catalysis has drastically innovated the procedures of chemical synthesis of enantiomerically pure compounds. However, the vast majority of these transformations are centred on thermochemistry wherein the product chirality is generally established at the ground state. Stereochemical control of photochemical reactions remains a formidable challenge owning to the intrinsic high reactivity of the excited state, for which the small molecules catalysts do not provide a general solution. Here we show that this challenge can be tackled by genetically encoded, chemically evolved triplet photoenzymes embedded with a proficient synthetic photosensitizer. Structural optimization through four founds of rational mutagenesis afforded a proficient enzyme. It promoted enantioselective intramolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition of indole derivatives with marked substrate generality and excellent enantioselectivites (up to 99% enantiomeric excess). X-ray crystal structure of photoenzyme-substrate complex elucidated the important multiple noncovalent interactions that work synergistically to induce high enantioselectivity. This study shows that by merging the empowering mechanism of triplet energy transfer catalysis with the delicate supramolecular cavity of proteins, the triplet photoenzymes artificially expand the fundamental reactivity with respect to enzyme catalysis and unlock an integrated approach to valuable enantioselective photochemical synthesis that are not accessible with either the synthetic or the biological world alone.
Vibration-based damage detection in anisotropic laminated composite beams by a shear deformable finite element and harmony search optimization
Authors: Kahya Volkan , Şimşek Sebahat , Toğan Vedat
Published: May 2022

A numerical procedure to detect and quantify damages in laminated composite beams with arbitrary lay-up using limited vibration data and harmony search optimization is presented. Since any damage in a structure changes its vibration characteristics, they can be considered as the diagnostic parameters with the help of an optimization technique. For the present study, frequencies and mode shapes are used as the damage diagnostic parameters, and the harmony search algorithm (HSA) is used as the optimization tool. For finite element (FE) analyses, a five-node, 13-degrees-of-freedom shear deformable beam element is employed. This element can take into account the elastic couplings among extension, bending, and torsion arising due to material anisotropy existing in generally laminated composites as well as the Poisson’s effect. The damage to the beam is introduced by a stiffness loss coefficient at the elemental level while mass is assumed to be unchanged. Two different objective functions to be minimized are considered for damage detection. The efficacy of the proposed method with and without the presence of noise is demonstrated by two numerically simulated composite beams including single and multiple damages. Although its accuracy somewhat decreases in case of multiple minor damages, the proposed method is successful to detect moderate and severe single and multiple damages in practice. To overcome this weakness, (i) the algorithm can be hybridized with other metaheuristics, (ii) objective function can be enhanced by combining it with other vibration characteristics such as curvature, flexibility, etc., or (iii) two- or multi-stage damage identification methods can be considered.
Exploring the Role of Mechanical Force on Tendon Development in vivo Model: a Scoping Review
Authors: Usami Yuna , Iijima Hirotaka , Kokubun Takanori
Published: May 2022

The tendon transmits the skeletal muscle-generated forces to bones and drives the joint motion. While extensive research has indicated the fundamental role of mechanical forces in tendon development during embryonic and postnatal phases, a comprehensive summary regarding the mechanical forces applied to tendons is lacking. This scoping review aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the effect of mechanical forces on tendon development. The electronic database search using PubMed was performed in October 2021 and yielded 586 articles, of which 16 articles met the prespecified inclusion criteria. We defined the mechanical force in terms of muscle existence, muscle contraction, or weight-bearing locomotion and identified methodological heterogeneity in applying mechanical force to tendons. Despite the lack of consensus regarding standard intervention methods, the majority of the mechanical interventions were used to regulate the expression or synthesis of well-known growth factors required for tendon development, especially the Scx expression. Our results provide a novel point of view to build future research about mechanobiology in tendon development.
Locating the propagation source in complex networks with observers based similarity measures and direction-induced search
Authors: Yang Fan , Li Chungui , Peng Yong , Liu Jingxian , Yao Yabing , Wen Jiayan , Yang Shuhong
Published: May 2022

Locating the propagation source is one of the most important strategies to control the harmful diffusion process on complex networks. In this paper, we define two observers based similarity measures, including Infection Time Similarity and Infection Time Order Similarity. On the other hand, direction-induced search (DIS, developed in our previous work) is an effective graph traversal method for source locating. By combining the two observers based similarity measures with relaxed DIS, we propose a novel source locating method. Assuming that the diffusion process on complex networks follows discrete Susceptible-Infectious (SI) model, we verify the performance of this method on a series of synthetic and real networks. The experimental results show that the proposed method is better than other three state-of-the-art methods in locating the propagation source.PACS 89.20.Ff · 89.75.Da
Ultrasound diagnosis of pelvic veins in women of reproductive age
Authors: Fomina E. E. , Akhmetzianov R. V. , Tukhbatullin M. N.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Nowadays radiological diagnostics dives particular attention to the research of the pelvic veins in women. Absence of diagnostic criteria for identifying norms do not make it possible to establish the initial disease manifestations. It is also not sufficient enough to make a proper forecast about the formation of pelvic varicose veins.

Objective: To study the ultrasound criteria of diagnostic parameters of pelvic veins in women of reproductive age without stated venous pathology.

Materials and methods. This research examined 80 young, relatively healthy nulliparous women. The ultrasound criteria of diagnostic parameters of the following veins such as the left renal vein, ovarian veins, cluster-shaped and uterine veins, the angle between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, elasticity indices of the common femoral and popliteal veins were studied. Profound data analysis revealed that all patients had significant differences in the left renal vein indices. Based on this data 2 groups were formed: Group 1 (mean age 25.00 ± 3.31 years) 60 people, quite homogeneous according to the studied indices; Group 2 (mean age 24.25 ± 2.61 years) 20 people, quite heterogeneous according to the studied indices. Ultrasonography (Ultrasound examination) was performed using Logiq E9 (GE, USA) and AIXPLORER Super-Sonik Imagine, with convex, endovaginal, and linear sensors. Statistics processing was accom-plished using the StatSoft Statistica 10 software package.

Results. In the general sample of patients, positive correlations were found for the following pelvic veins: ovarian veins on both sides, and cerebellar veins on the right side; and cerebellar and uterine veins on the right side. The results of the studied ultrasound parameters in Groups 1 and 2 showed that they differ significantly (p < 0.05). Almost all diagnostic parameters in Group 2 were significantly higher (p < 0.05), all women had anatomical aorto-mesenteric pincer.

Conclusion. Ultrasonography of pelvic veins provides information on the anatomical-functional and hemodynamic state of the veins. That is important for prognostication of pelvic varicose veins and revealing asymptomatic forms of this disease.
Cyanoacrylate Adhesive Closure in the Real-World Practice: 2-Year Results of Varicose Vein Treatment
Authors: Shirinbek O. , Mnatsakanyan G. V. , Odinokova S. N.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Over the past decade, thermal tumescent (TT) ablation became the “gold standard” treatment of varicose veins. Non-thermal non-tumescent (NTNT) methods emerged in response to minimize the interventional invasion.

Aim. To evaluate the two-year results of cyanoacrylate adhesive closure (CAC).

Methods. Between July 2019 and July 2021, CAC was performed in 457 patients (average age 57.8 ± 15.7 years), on 634 limbs and 725 saphenous veins. Patient distribution according to CEAP was: C2 – 38%; C3 – 37%; C4 – 19%; C5 – 4%; C6 – 2%. The inclusion criteria were: incompetence of sapheno-femoral/popliteal junction and axial reflux > 0.5 sec, diameter of saphenous trunk > 6 mm, presence of varicosities. CAC was performed according to the protocol of the American Vein Closure System In more than 2/3 of cases (76.2%), CAC was performed selectively without tributary treatment . The pain was assessed by visual-analogue scale (VAS). The control ultrasound was performed on the 3rd day, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-intervention.

Results. Anatomical success was achieved in 100%. The VAS pain score was < 3 in 93% of patients. Partial recanalization occurred in 4 (0.6%) patients. Distal deep vein thrombosis was detected in 2 (0.3%) patients, migration of glue – in 7 (1%) patients, phlebitislike skin reaction – in 50 (11%), superficial thrombophlebitis – in 20 (4.4%) and soft tissue granuloma at the access site was diagnosed in 6 (1.3%) patients.

Conclusion. CАC is a highly effective and safe treatment method with 99.4% occlusion rate in s. two-year follow-up period.
Some clinical and laboratory predictors of structural changes in the biological shunt after femoral-popliteal bypass surgery
Authors: Khorev N. G. , Kotov V. I. , Konkova V. O.
Published: May 2022

Introduction. For revascularization in the absence of autovenous material, epoxy-treated bioprostheses from the bovine internal mammary artery are widely used in the Russian Federation, which are subjected to certain structural deformations.

Purpose and objectives. To compare the structural changes of the biological prosthesis and autovenes in the long-term period after surgery and to determine the influence of some clinical and laboratory parameters on this process.

Materials and methods. The study included 45 patients with isolated occlusion of the superficial femoral artery (PBA), who underwent blood flow restoration using various types of prostheses. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (main) – 25 patients who underwent femoral-popliteal proximal bypass surgery with epoxy-treated bioprostheses from the bovine internal mammary artery; group 2 (control) – 20 patients who underwent femoral-popliteal proximal bypass surgery with a reversed autovena.

Results and discussion. During the follow – up period from 1 year to 8 years, 28% of bioprostheses underwent expansion, and 20.0% of patients with autovena showed narrowing of the shunt. In the main group, males had better biological graft patency (RR = 0.76 CI (0.3 2; 1.77)), but in the control group, the male sex increased the risk of occlusion (RR = 1.25 CI (0.18; 8.77)). When followed up for 5 years, the relative risk of prosthetic expansion decreased. At the same time, in patients of the control group, which is not characterized by ectasia, we revealed a decrease in the relative risk of stenosis. The clinical factor affecting the expansion of the biological prosthesis was type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Conclusions. The characteristic structural changes in the separated period (more than a year) for an autovenous conduit are narrowing, and for a biological prosthesis – expansion with the formation of aneurysms.
Regulation of a delicate problem in patients with rectal diseases
Authors: Skvortsov V. V. , Eremenko A. A. , Eremenko N. V.
Published: May 2022

This paper highlights the problem of chronic constipation, their epidemiology, etiology, clinical features in some concomitant diseases, diagnostics and approaches to therapy with a focus on sodium picosulfate preparations. Based on several scientific papers, an analysis of a group of sodium picosulfate preparations was performed, indications, dosage, efficacy and possible side effects were considered. The paper also provides a clinical example of managing a patient with chronic constipation. Who received therapy with sodium picosulfate. Constipation is a violation of the act of defecation less than 3 times a week or more than three days. At the same time, it is possible to say about chronic constipation if such symptoms persist for 6 months. To date, the discussion about constipation as a nosological unit continues. The study of the epidemiology of constipation in various scientific sources indicates the wide spread of this disease. The diagnosis of “Constipation” is based on the Rome Criteria IV adopted in 2016. By origin, constipation can be primary and secondary, and among the factors provoking them are not only gastroenterological diseases, but diseases of other organ systems, as well as environmental factors and the intake of certain groups of medicines. Therapy of chronic constipation is carried out both medicamentally and non-medicamentally (surgical methods today have no proven effectiveness). The analysis of sodium picosulfate preparations proved their effectiveness and safety, which was also noted in our clinical case.
Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Confianza Diádica en personas gays y lesbianas en pareja
Authors: Escobar Nicole , Guzmán-González Mónica , Calderón Carvajal Carlos
Published: May 2022

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Confianza Diádica (ECD, Larzelere & Huston, 1980) en personas gays y lesbianas de Chile. Para ello, se evaluó una muestra de 360 personas chilenas gay o lesbianas involucradas en una relación de pareja. Los datos obtenidos proporcionan evidencia de que el instrumento se ajusta de manera aceptable a una estructura unidimensional y que es invariante entre personas gay y lesbianas. Adicionalmente, se identificó que posee una consistencia interna adecuada, así como una asociación inversa entre los niveles de confianza diádica y la ansiedad y evitación del apego. En conclusión, la ECD posee propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para la evaluación de la confianza diádica en personas gays y lesbianas en el contexto chileno.
Gyakori diagnosztikus hibák és szövődmények a kézsebészetben : III. Szövődmények a kézsérülések ellátásában: Ín- ideg- és csontízületi sérülések, kézfertőzések (Irodalmi áttekintés)
Authors: Bíró Vilmos
Published: May 2022

A szerző a kézsérülések szövődményeivel foglalkozó dolgozatának harmadik részében az ín- ideg és csont-ízületisérülésekkel, továbbá a kézfertőzésekkel foglalkozik. A hajlító- és feszítőín sérülések felismerési nehézségei után a kezelésük során kialakult komplikációkat tárgyalja. Az idegsérülések ismertetésénél megemlíti a részleges és a motoros idegtörzs károsodások diagnosztikájának, illetve a műtéti kezelés technikai kivitelezésének nehézségeit. Ezután a törések és az ízületi sérülések kezelésénél tapasztalható szövődmények gyakoriságát elemzi. Végül röviden összefoglalja a ritkább kézinfekciók komplikációit és kezelésük lehetőségeit.
Nyílt lábszártörés kezelési stratégiája egy eset kapcsán : Esetbemutatás
Authors: Magyar László , Kádasi János , Szalai Zoltán , Kaczor Norbert
Published: May 2022

A szerzők Zala Megyei Kórház Traumatológiai osztályán kezelt, AO III fokban nyílt lábszártörésről számolnak be. Bemutatják az ellátás során követett kezelési elveket, amit egy előre tervezett protokoll alapján végeztek. Ezen sérülések gyógyulása hosszú időt vesz igénybe és nagy türelmet követel, mind a beteg, mind a kezelőorvos részéről. A szerzők elemzik az egy-egy műtét során végzett beavatkozásokat, kiemelve a módszerváltás és a lágyrészpótlás szerepét is, ami a sikeres végeredményhez vezetett. Kihangsúlyozzák a beteg felkészítésének fontosságát és a műtétek közötti intézeti, valamint a kórházi kezelést követően, az otthoni funkcionális kezelések jelentőségét.
Atípusos femurtörés
Authors: Csonka Ákos , Gárgyán István , Doró Péter , Varga Endre
Published: May 2022

Az atípusos femurtörés jól definiált entitás, de mechanizmusa sokszor nem egyértelmű. Előfordulása ritka, a femurtörések 1–2%-a tartozik ebbe a csoportba. Kialakulását elsősorban a hosszantartó biszfoszfonát kezeléssel hozzák összefüggésbe, de kiváltó tényezőként szerepelhetnek más kóroki tényezők is (diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, D-vitamin hiány, krónikus veseelégtelenség, elhúzódó szteroid terápia).
THE APPLICATION OF LAMP DRYER ON PRODUCTION OF MORINGA (MORINGA OLEIFERA) LEAF FLOUR
Authors:   Universitas Jember, Lindriati Triana , Belgis Maria ,   Universitas Jember, Annisafitri Annisafitri ,   Universitas Jember
Published: May 2022

The ultilization of moringa leaf can increase by flour processing where drying is the main step. This research was conducted to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of moringa leaf powder produced by lamp drying compared to solar and ovens dryers. Five variations of drying methods were applied (sunlight, oven 40ºC and 60ºC, lamp dryer 40ºC and 60ºC). The results showed, the lamp dryer produced moringa leaf flour that have good physical and chemical properties, that are yield 35.21 – 35.10%; the highest green degree 4.60 – 4.70; the bulk angle 8.09 – 8.44 and the bulk density 0.43 – 0.43. The water content fulfill the SNI standard, that is :10.03 – 10.13%. Meanwhile, the levels of vitamin C 26.48 – 28.28%; chlorophyll 18.41 – 19.25 mg/L and antioxidant activity 43.45 – 43.84 % of DDPH inhibition. However, the total polyphenol content of moringa leaf flour obtained from lamp drying was the lowest, that is 4.88 – 4.98 mg/L.
Publicity or impact? The use of crowdfunding by Indonesian social media influencers during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Adinia Nissa Cita , Hanifa Mediana
Published: May 2022

Indonesia is marching toward tackling challenges during the endless Covid-19 pandemic. Under a situation known as VUCA (volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous), a troop of social media influencers (SMI) paved the way to create crowdfunding initiatives. Shedding from the discussion of disaster capitalism, where individual or entities make profit from large-scale crises, also take advantage of the destabilized atmosphere, this paper analyses the initiatives of three Indonesian social media influencers in raising funds through Kitabisa.com from March to November 2020. Under the hashtag #BersamaLawanCorona (together fight the corona), the biggest crowdfunding platform, Kitabisa.com has gathered more than 158 billion rupiahs (11,2 million USD) taken from 5.655 campaigns during March to November 2020 period. These efforts are mainly pioneered by SMIs and their followers. Combining desk review and social media analysis method, the paper revealed that the crowdfunding initiatives by SMIs portrayed two sides of a coin: on the one hand reflects the emergence of solidarity and social contribution to create a positive impact, and on the other, generates publicity. It is, however, too quick to conclude whether the initiatives reflect a practice of disaster capitalism, because the publicity that they generated for these crowdfunding initiatives were not higher compare to publicity they gained from their everyday content.
Visiting the secondary social studies curriculum in perilous times
Authors: Gil Jr Tyrone Ogaro
Published: May 2022

In such perilous times and unabated marginalization, it is pivotal to pay a visit to the secondary social studies curriculum. This article will decipher the status of the implementation and academic location of secondary social studies in the emergency curriculum (MELCs). Through a careful examination of the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs), developed self-learning modules (SLM), and field notes collected from the curriculum gatekeepers (secondary social studies teachers), the researcher was able to generate exhaustive and perplexing findings in remote teaching-learning of social studies.
Framing of local media in the management issues of Sultan Ground and Pakualaman Ground in Yogyakarta
Authors: Adikara Gilang Jiwana
Published: May 2022

The land management regulations under Law No.13/2002 on the Privilege of Yogyakarta (Privileged Law/UUK) which were fully handed over to the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Sultanate received the spotlight after the publication of a series of investigative reports that revealed allegations of land maladministration in Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). However, this disclosure was carried out by the national mass media and did not involve the local mass media. This study reveals how the local mass media during the period 2021-2022 reported on the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Sultanate and its relation to land conflicts in DIY by using the framing method with the Entman method approach. This study concludes that the three mass media in DIY, Kedaulatan Rakyat, Tribun Jogja, and Harian Jogja image that the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Sultanate has properly managed and utilized land rights obtained through the mandate of the Privileges Law for the benefit of the general public.