bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NICU Admissions After a Policy to Eliminate Elective Early Term Deliveries Before 39 Weeks’ Gestation
Authors: Kennedy Erin B. , Hacker Michele R. , Miedema David , Pursley DeWayne M. , Modest Anna M. , Golen Toni H. , Burris Heather H.
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Early term infants (37–<39 weeks’ gestation) are at higher risk of adverse outcomes than term infants (39–<41 weeks’ gestation). We hypothesized that a policy to eliminate elective, early term deliveries would result in fewer NICU admissions and shorter lengths of stay among infants born ≥37 weeks.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective cohort study of singleton infants born ≥37 weeks at a tertiary medical center from 2004 to 2015 (preperiod: 2004–2008; postperiod: 2010–2015; washout period: 2009). We compared the incidence of early term delivery, NICU admissions (short: ≥4–<24 hours, long: ≥24 hours), NICU diagnoses, and stillbirths in both periods. We used modified Poisson regression to calculate adjusted risk ratios.

RESULTS:

There were 20 708 and 24 897 singleton infants born ≥37 weeks in the pre- and postperiod, respectively. The proportion of early term infants decreased from 32.5% to 25.7% (P < .0001). NICU admissions decreased nonsignificantly (9.2% to 8.8%; P = .22), with a significant reduction in short NICU stays (5.4% to 4.6%; adjusted risk ratio: 0.85 [95% confidence interval: 0.79–0.93]). Long NICU stays increased slightly (3.8% to 4.2%), a result that was nullified by adjusting for neonatal hypoglycemia. A nonsignificant increase in the incidence of stillbirths ≥37 to <40 weeks was present in the postperiod (7.5 to 10 per 10 000 births; P = .46).

CONCLUSIONS:

Reducing early term deliveries was associated with fewer short NICU stays, suggesting that efforts to discourage early term deliveries in uncomplicated pregnancies may minimize mother-infant separation in the newborn period.
Enteral Feeding of the Preterm Infant
Authors: Brune Kate D. , Donn Steven M.
Published: November 2018

Premature infants commonly suffer from extrauterine growth restriction from inadequate nutrition and the loss of the last months of gestation, a critical period for brain and body growth. Providing optimized nutrition for the premature infant is a crucial task of the neonatologist and has a significant impact on the future growth and neurodevelopment of these infants. Enteral feeding is nuanced in the preterm population and requires specific knowledge of the nutritional requirements of the preterm infant and the various substrates and methods available to achieve proper nutrition.
Supporting Family Decision-making for a Child Who Is Seriously Ill: Creating Synchrony and Connection
Authors: Madrigal Vanessa N. , Kelly Katherine Patterson
Published: November 2018

The families of children with chronic or serious illness are sometimes faced with difficult decisions never previously imagined. We offer a stepwise approach in building a human connection with these families to support them through the decision-making process. We encourage the clinician to stop talking and to actively listen and find common ground. We suggest that offering open and honest information begins with an invitation. We encourage clinicians to explore concepts with the family, including their fears and hopes. We discuss nurturing an emotional connection between the child and family and describe ways to discover a family’s preference for involvement in the decision-making process. Central to supporting a family is to place infinite value on the life of their child. We argue that attention to these matters will help the clinician remain in sync with the family to ensure meaningful and high-quality decision-making during highly vulnerable times for families.
Tell Parents the Truth, but Tell It Slant
Authors: Lantos John D.
Published: November 2018

This article draws on fiction, poetry, and memoir to suggest that for many people, tragic choices are best dealt with not through explicit conversations that directly confront difficult truths but, instead, through indirect and ambiguous conversations that only suggest what is most important. Telling the truth slant is not easier than telling it directly. It requires more imagination and perhaps more sensitivity to the parents’ nonverbal cues. The underlying moral principles are the same in the 2 approaches. The values and preferences of the patient and the family should be given highest priority. But to respect those values and honor those preferences, doctors need to listen carefully to understand what parents are saying, what they are not saying, what they mean, and what they need. Sometimes they may be saying that there are things that they prefer not to discuss or decisions that would prefer not to affirm.
A Collaborative Approach to Improving Health Care for Children With Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Liddle Melissa , Birkett Kerri , Bonjour Annette , Risma Kimberly
Published: November 2018

We describe an individualized approach to health care for children with developmental disabilities that facilitates less traumatic and more productive visits through collaboration between parents and staff.
Delivery Room Management of Meconium-Stained Newborns and Respiratory Support
Authors: Chiruvolu Arpitha , Miklis Kimberly K. , Chen Elena , Petrey Barbara , Desai Sujata
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Recently, the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) recommended against routine endotracheal suctioning of meconium-stained nonvigorous newborns but suggested resuscitation with positive pressure ventilation. Our purpose is to study the effects of this change in management.

METHODS:

In this multicenter cohort study, we compare 130 nonvigorous newborns born during the retrospective 1-year period before the implementation of new NRP guidelines (October 1, 2015, to September 30, 2016) to 101 infants born during the 1-year prospective period after implementation (October 1, 2016, to September 30, 2017).

RESULTS:

Endotracheal suctioning was performed predominantly in the retrospective group compared with the prospective group (70% vs 2%), indicating the change in practice. A significantly higher proportion of newborns were admitted to the NICU for respiratory issues in the prospective group compared with the retrospective group (40% vs 22%) with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–3.9). Similarly, a significantly higher proportion of infants needed oxygen therapy (37% vs 19%) with an OR of 2.5 (95% CI: 1.2–4.5), mechanical ventilation (19% vs 9%) with an OR of 2.6 (95% CI: 1.1–5.8), and surfactant therapy (10% vs 2%) with an OR of 5.8 (95% CI: 1.5–21.8). There were no differences in the incidence of other outcomes, including meconium aspiration syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS:

The recent NRP guideline change was not associated with an increased incidence of meconium aspiration syndrome but was associated with an increased incidence of NICU admissions for respiratory issues. Also, the need for mechanical ventilation, oxygen, and surfactant therapy increased.
PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN LAYUR (Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus, 1758) DI PERAIRAN TELUK PALABUHANRATU DENGAN PENDEKATAN EKOSISTEM
Authors: Airlangga Angga , Boer Mennofatria , Zairion Zairion
Published: November 2018

ABSTRAKIkan layur memiliki nilai ekonomis penting dan tersebar hampir di seluruh wilayah di perairan Indonesia. Kegiatan pemanfaatan sumber daya layur telah memberikan kontribusi yang besar bagi sektorperikanan di Indonesia. Kebutuhan dan tingginya permintaan pasar terhadap ikan layur menyebabkan intensitas penangkapan ikan ini semakin meningkat. Produksi perikanan layur tersebut salah satunyadidaratkan di perairan Teluk Palabuhanratu. Peningkatan aktivitas tangkapan ikan layur di perairan Teluk Palabuhanratu apabila terjadi terus menerus tanpa adanya pengelolaan yang tepat, akan mengakibatkan terjadinya penurunan stok sumber daya ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa keberlanjutanspesies layur dengan menggunakan analisa peluang dan tantangan pengelolaan perikanan layur berdasarkan indikator pengelolaan perikanan melalui pendekatan ekosistem/ ecosystem approach tofisheries management (EAFM). Hasil evaluasi kondisi pengelolaan perikanan layur di perairan Teluk Palabuhanratu didapatkan nilai rata rata indikator EAFM sebesar 68.1. Hal ini berarti kondisi perikananlayur di perairan Teluk Palabuhanratu termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Strategi pengelolaan ditentukan untuk indikator sumber daya ikan, habitat dan ekosistem, teknologi penangkapan ikan, ekonomi,sosial dan kelembagaan. Langkah taktis dibuat agar dapat mengimplementasikan strategi yang telah ditetapkan.Ecosystem Approach to Largehead hairtail (Trichiurus Lepturus (Linnaeus, 1758)) Management at Palabuhanratu BayABSTRACTLargehead hairtail has an important economic value and widely spread to almost across Indonesian water. The benefit of largehead hairtail resource highly contributes to fisheries sector inIndonesia. The increasing of market demand for Largehead hairtail leads to the increasing number ofits capture. Palabuhanratu is one of the landing port for Largehead hairtail. The continuous impropermanagement for Largehead hairtail, will cause declining offish stock. This study aims to analyze thesustainability of largehead hairtail species by using indicators of ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM). Evaluation for Largehead hairtail management in Palabuhanratu bay results in EAFM score of 68.1. This score indicates that the condition of Largehead hairtail in Palabuhanratu bay isin medium category. Management strategy for Largehead hairtail in Palabuhanratu bay is determined forfish resources, habitats and ecosystems, fishing technology, economic, social and institutional indicator. Some actions should be carried out to ensure the implemention these management strategies.
PEMAHAMAN DAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DI PESISIR LAUT ARAFURA KABUPATEN MERAUKE
Authors: Widiastuti Maria Diana , Ruata Novel , Arifin Taslim
Published: November 2018

ABSTRAKEkosistem Mangrove mengalami tekanan dan penurunan jasa lingkungan diduga karena abrasi dan fenomena alam serta aktivitas masyarakat seperti penggalian pasir di pesisir pantai. Pemerintah telah melakukan upaya konservasi Mangrove dengan cara penanaman kembali, namun belum berhasil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan masyarakat pesisir tentang Mangrove dan tingkat partisipasinya dalam pengelolaan ekosistem Mangrove dan perencanaan program rehabilitasiekosistem Mangrove. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan instrument pertanyaan berupa angket, observasi dan wawancara secara bersamaan dengan pola terstruktur baik dalam bentuk pertanyaanterbuka dan tertutup dan dianalisis secara deskriptif tabulatif. Penentuan sampel menggunakan sistem kuota dan pemilihan responden menggunakan simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menyatakan85 persen masyarakat pesisir paham terhadap pentingnya Mangrove bagi kehidupan mereka. Mereka paham bahwa Mangrove sebagai sumber mata pencaharian masyarakat pesisir dan pelindung pantaidari ombak dan abrasi. Mereka juga mengatakan bahwa Mangrove saat ini dalam keadaan kurang baik (53%). Mereka mengaku terlibat aktif dalam kegiatan program penanaman Mangrove (43%) namun bukan atas inisiatif sendiri. Kegiatan pelestarian Mangrove perlu melibatkan masyarakat setempat dalam bentuk pelatihan, penyuluhan atau pengawasan.Title: Community Understanding and Participation to Mangrove Ecosystem Management in the Coastal Area of Arafura Sea, Merauke DistrictsABSTRACTEcosystem Mangrove had underpressure and decreasing environmental services because of abration as natural phenomena, and unsuistainable community activities such as sand mining. The Government has made the conservation of Mangrove by replanting, but has not succeeded. This study aims to determine community knowledge and participation in management ecosystem Mangrove for rehabilitation. The collecting datamethod use a questionnaire instrument, observations and interviews simultaneously with open and closed questions and analyzed in descriptive tabulative. The sample size using the quota method and the selection of respondents used the simple random sampling. The resultshowed that 85 percent of coastal communities understand the importance of Mangrove for their lives. They understand that Mangrove as a source of livelihood of coastal communities and coastal protectionfrom waves and abrasion. They also said that the Mangrove is currently in a state of poor (53 %). They claimed active involved in Mangrove planting program (43 %), but not on their own initiative. The Mangrove conservation activities should be involvedby local community in such training, counseling or supervision.
POTENSI EKONOMI PARIWISATA KABUPATEN PULAU MOROTAI
Authors: Witomo Cornelia Mirwantini , Ramadhan Andrian
Published: November 2018

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghitung potensi ekonomi pariwisata Kabupaten Pulau Morotai. Kabupaten Pulau Morotai sebagai Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Pariwisata Bahari menjadikan pariwisata sebagai salah satu sumber pemasukan daerah karena atraksi wisata yang ada berdasarkan potensi sumber daya alam dan peninggalan sejarah. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif metode deskritif dan desk study. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis benefit transfer dari hasil penelitian sebelumnya di Kabupaten Pulau Morotai yang menggunakan metode travel cost method (TCM). Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dan observasi, daya tarik wisata di Kabupaten Pulau Morotai adalah wisata alam seperti wisata alam bawah laut, wisata pantai serta wisata budaya dari hasil peninggalan sejarah diantaranya peninggalansejarah Perang Dunia II. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan daya tarik wisata di Kabupaten Pulau Morotai potensi ekonomi Pariwisata Kabupaten Pulau Morotai adalah Rp13.295.140.000. Nilai ini disumbang dari wisatawan domestik dan wisatawan mancanegara yang berkunjung ke Kabupaten Pulau Morotai selama 4 -11 hari. Memasukan potensi ekonomi dalam dokumen perencanaan pengembangan pariwisata Kabupaten Pulau Morotai merupakan salah satu dasar dasar untuk membuka pintu investasi baik untuk menanamkan modal dalam pengembangan pariwisata.Title: Economic Potential of Tourism at the Morotai Island RegencyABSTRACTThis research aims to calculate economic potential of tourism at Morotai Island Regency. Regency of Morotai has tourist attraction due to its natural resources and historical heritage. It is branded as Special Economic Zone (KEK) of Marine Tourism and make tourism as one of the source of its regional income. This research used descriptive qualitative and desk study method. The data is analyzed using benefit transfer analysis from the previous research which uses travel cost method (TCM). Based on interview and observation, marine tourism such as underwater travel, beach and cultural attraction, is a leading tourist attraction at Morotai Island Regency. Tourist attraction calculates the number of economic potential of tourism at Regency of Morotai Island amount IDR 13.295.140.000. It is contributed mostly from domestic and foreign travelers who traveled to Morotai Island for 4 to 11 days. Therefore, economic  potential of tourism will lead to investment in tourism development.
Filosofi Dakwah KH. Muhammad Khoiron Syu’aib di Lokalisasi Surabaya
Authors: AS Sunarto
Published: November 2018

Kiai Khoiron is a unique figure who has conduct-ed an intensive dakwah (religious propaganda) at the localiza-tion of Surabaya. Through his exceptional method of dakwah, there have been many prostitutes and the pimps who have repented. Preaching in an unusual environment has certainly resulted in a particular phenomenon. This article intention-ally presents Kiai Khoiron’s method of dakwah. Employing descriptive-qualitative approach, the article explores the phenomenon of dakwah promulgated by Kiai Khoiron. It deals with approaches, characteristics, and typology of dakwah conducted by Kiai Khoiron to the residents of localization, prostitutes, and pimps. The findings of this study suggest that the approach of dakwah is centered upon the objects (mad‘û), i.e. the people of the localization. He seeks to change religious views held by the objects (mad‘û), not only at the level of understanding, but also their attitudes and behaviors. All the elements of propaganda delivered certainly conform to the conditions of the objects, either in the form of by-speech propaganda (bi al-lisân) or by-example preaching (bi al-hâl). With reference to the materials and approaches of dakwah carried by Kiai Khoiron, it seems that he can be characterized as an adaptive, attentive, solution-giver, and humorous preacher.
“Tarekat Popoler” dalam Fenomena Pembacaan Selawat Nârîyah
Authors: Hasan Nor
Published: November 2018

The recitation of Selawat Nârîyah, as a religious ritual, performed by the Muslim community in Larangan Tokol Village, Pamekasan, East Java, has its own uniqueness within the process of its implementation and has an exceptional function from socio-religious-psychological point of view for its reciters. This article focuses its discussion mainly on the perception and motivation of the people in Larangan Tokol in recitation of Selawat Nârîyah. The article also observes the implication of recitation of Selawat Nârîyah for their socio-religious and psychological life. To Larangan Tokol people, Selawat Nârîyah has become a new religious tradition which should be maintained. It has been found that there is no such an obligation to adhere to certain Sufi order (tarekat) in order to perform the recitation of the selawat. However, there is a sort of psychological bond of guru (murshid) and murîd found in the membership (koloman) of recitation activity through what so-called tawassul. The tawassul is recited prior to the recitation of Selawat Nârîyah. The recitation of Selawat Nârîyah performed by Larangan Tokol people can be considered “a new genre of tarekat”. The writer tends to call it “Popular Tarekat” (an anonymous tarekat), i.e. an open Sufi order with no certain process of bay‘ah but it has unabridged narration (sanad mutâwatir) to the Prophet Muhammad.
Indeks Paham dan Sikap Keagamaan Mahasiswa di Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar
Authors: Abdullah Abdullah
Published: November 2018

The article attempts to measure ideological preference and religious attitude of the students of Alauddin State Islamic University (UIN) Makassar. The typology of religious understanding is categorized into radical, moderate, and liberal. These three typologies help us to observe preference indicators based on students’ responses to four categorical variables, namely Islam and religious pluralism, formalization of Islam (relation of religion and state), Islam and intellectual discourse, and perception of jihad and religious violence. Employing quantitative approach, the author tries to measure the level of religious preferences of UIN Alauddin’s students within positivistic paradigm by organizing the data into a pattern, category, and basic unit description. The study finds that the level of preference of four variables and 16 questions asked to the students of UIN Alauddin shows us index result 2.76 or moderate category. However, it is also found that there has been potential preference, within the same time, into radical attitude. The reason is that in some variables I find shocking index numbers, which are close to radical verge as it can be seen in the variables of Islam and pluralism and the formalization of Islam which reach the index 2.49 and 2.40 respectively.

Keywords: ; religious attitude; radical; moderate; liberal.
Telaah Peran Etis Agama-agama di Indonesia Perspektif Civil Religion
Authors: Syakur Abd.
Published: November 2018

This article seeks to figure out socio-religious reciprocity pertinent to the pluralistic context of Indonesia within its various dimensions of life, especially the religious aspect, through what so-called civil religion. The very notion of civil religion reflects religious, social, and political maturity. The religions, in this context, function as a pivotal source of moral-ethics which generate spirit to build a strong nation-state to pursue its objectives. At this point, the state becomes a shared sacred home to all of its citizens which is free of fear and anxiety. The state plays an undoubtedly important role to protects its people and provide them a means of development in order to allow them to exhume religious freedom and reach a holy meaningful life. It will subsequently enhance and strengthen culture of dialog. This article supports an argument that in order to bring about the vision of civil religion in Indonesia we require three least possible conditions, namely heterogeneous religions which generate positive morality, the culture of sincere dialog, and freedom of religion.
Kontribusi Nilai-nilai Keimanan dan Kemanusiaan Persaudaraan Cinta Tanah Air Indonesia
Authors: Abdullah Mukhammad
Published: November 2018

The existence of the PCTA-I (Persaudaraan Cinta Tanah Air-Indonesia/Brotherhood for the Love of Indonesia Homeland) plays a pivotal role, especially for underprivileged people regardless of their religion and faith, tribe, and race. This organization has been, therefore, undeniably desirable to help the Indonesian society overcome their social problems. Focusing its discussion on the PCTA-I, this article seeks to answer such questions as how this organization has been initiated; what does it do to help overcome national problems, and what are the obstacles it faces in implementing the programs and how does it overcome such obstacles? A number of leaders and members of the PCTA-I Central Board have been interviewed. The murshid of the Tarekat Ṣiddīqīyah has been among the main informants of this study. Employing qualitative approach by focusing on interview, questionnaire, and documentation as the sources of data, the study indicates that the PCTA-I has been able to efficiently implement its programs due to solid participation and robust support of its voluntary community. Through its programs, the PCTA-I attempts to build what so-called “the soul of society” in order to achieve civilized and enlightened future of Indonesia.
Kritik Pemikiran Khalifah Hizbut Tahrir yang Autokratik
Authors: Al Amin Ainur Rofiq
Published: November 2018

The proponents of Hizbut Tahrir (HT) claim that the structure of HT’s political system has been the sole best system and it is deemed as a single compatible system to deal with all problems faced by the modern people in this modern age. The political system has been claimed as being capable to replace all existing political systems in the world nowadays. They call this political system khilāfah coupled with khalīfah as the central elements. To the proponents of HT, the khilāfah system they promulgate among the Islamic communities throughout the world has been a legacy of the Prophet Muhammad. Therefore, the Muslim communities have to uphold this system regardless of their geographical boundaries. This article seeks to track roots of thought, which provide the political system called khilāfah and khalīfah propagated by HT foundation for its existence. In doing so, I will refer to authoritative references written and published by the proponents of HT. The study finds that the model of election, appointment, impeachment, and power of khalīfah along with obedience upon him leads to autocratic governance.
ENTUPIMENTO DE GOTEJADORES EM DECORRÊNCIA DE PULSOS DE PARTÍCULAS SÓLIDAS NA MALHA HIDRÁULICA
Authors: Coelho Rubens Duarte , Vilela Luiz Artur Alvarenga , Resende Ronaldo Souza , Teixeira Marconi Batista , Sá Jocelito Sacol de
Published: November 2018

ENTUPIMENTO DE GOTEJADORESEM DECORRÊNCIA DE PULSOSDE PARTÍCULAS SÓLIDAS NA MALHA HIDRÁULICA  Rubens Duarte Coelho1; Luiz Artur Alvarenga Vilela2; Ronaldo Souza Resende1; Marconi Batista Teixeira1; Jocelito Sacol de Sá11Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, rdcoelho@esalq.usp.br2In memorian  1 RESUMO Ruptura de tubulações em sistemas de irrigação resulta, inevitavelmente, na entrada de partículas sólidas do solo, as quais podem entupir gotejadores. Em experimento realizado em condições de laboratório, foi avaliada a sensibilidade de cinco modelos de gotejadores ao entupimento de causa física, através da simulação de pulso de sujeira com solo, em função do tempo de operação, da posição de instalação do gotejador na linha terciária e da textura do solo. Os resultados demonstraram ser o fator posição de instalação do emissor de maior preponderância em relação a fatores de textura do solo e tempo de operação. Os modelos Ram e Tiran apresentaram menor sensibilidade ao pulso, enquanto os modelos Streamline, Dripline e Typhoon mostraram desempenho inferior. UNITERMOS: obstrução física, gotejamento, pulso de sujeira COELHO, R. D.; VILELA, L. A. A.; RESENDE, R. S.; TEIXEIRA, M.B.; SÁ, J. S. de. DRIP CLOGGING BY DIRTINESS PULSE OCCURRENCE  2 ABSTRACT An experiment was conducted at The Laboratory of Irrigation in The Department of Rural Engineering, ESALQ, USP,Piracicaba-SP,Brazil, in order to evaluate different dripper designs for physical clogging potential to dirtiness pulse by soil intake in pipeline. System operation time, emitter connection point and soil texture were evaluated. The results showed that emitter connection point was more sensitive to plugging potential than soil texture and system operation time. There were significant differences among emitter models in relation to clogging potential. Ram andTiranmodels had better performance than Streamline, Dripline and Typhoon ones. KEYWORDS: physical plugging, drip irrigation, dirtiness pulse
PRODUÇÃO DE ALFACE UTILIZANDO ÁGUAS SALINAS EM SISTEMA HIDROPÔNICO
Authors: Soares Tales Miler , França e Silva Ênio Farias de , Duarte Sergio Nascimento , Melo Ralini Ferreira , Jorge Cristiano de Andrade , Bonfim-Silva Edna Maria
Published: November 2018

PRODUÇÃO DE ALFACE UTILIZANDO ÁGUAS SALINAS EM SISTEMA HIDROPÔNICO  Tales Miler Soares1; Ênio Farias de França e Silva1; Sergio Nascimento Duarte1; Ralini Ferreira Mélo1; Cristiano de Andrade Jorge1; Edna Maria Bonfim-Silva21Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, talesmiler@bol.com.br 2Departamento de Solos e Nutrição de Plantas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP  1 RESUMO A tolerância das culturas à salinidade deve ser maior em sistemas hidropônicos do que em sistemas convencionais de cultivo. Essa possibilidade pode contribuir para uma nova perspectiva à agricultura do semi-árido brasileiro, colaborando, inclusive, para uma maior segurança ambiental. No período de 02/10/2006 a 03/11/2006, foi conduzido um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de águas salinas sobre a produção de alface crespa (Lactuca sativa L.) em condições hidropônicas. Os diferentes níveis de salinidade da água (0,43; 1,40; 2,23; 3,08 e 3,93 dS m-1) foram preparados com a adição de NaCl e CaCl2 (1:1, base peso). O aumento da salinidade da água não interferiu significativamente na acumulação de massa seca das raízes e na relação raiz/parte aérea, mas reduziu com significância estatística a produção de matéria seca da parte aérea e o consumo de água pelas plantas. Também foi constatada diminuição de 4,08% na produção de matéria seca da parte aérea para cada acréscimo unitário (dS m-1) na condutividade elétrica da água. UNITERMOS: salinidade, condutividade elétrica, Lactuca sativa L., cultivo sem solo.  SOARES, T.M.; SILVA, E.F.F.S.; DUARTE, S.N.; MÉLO, R.F.; JORGE, C.A.; BONFIM-SILVA, E.M.B. HYDROPONIC LETTUCE PRODUCTION USING SALINE WATERS  2 ABSTRACT Plant tolerance to salt is supposed to be greater in hydroponic systems than in conventional systems. This possibility can contribute to a new perspective in Brazilian semi-arid agriculture, besides improving environmental safety. From October 2 to November 3, 2006, astudy aiming to evaluate the effects of saline water on crisp head lettuce production under hydroponic conditions was carried out. Different water salinity levels (0.43; 1.40; 2.23; 3.08 and 3.93 dS m‾¹) were prepared with NaCl and CaCl2  (1:1, weight basis). Water salinity increase did not affect root dry mass accumulation and root/shoot ratio whereas it significantly decreased shoot dry mass and water consumption. For each unit increase in water salinity (dS m‾¹), lettuce production decreased in 4.08% KEYWORDS: salinity, electrical conductivity, Latuca sativa L., soil less cultivation
OBSTRUÇÃO DE GOTEJADORES AUTOCOMPENSANTES ENTERRADOS NA IRRIGAÇÃO DE CITROS CAUSADA POR INTRUSÃO RADICULAR
Authors: Coelho Rubens Duarte , Faria Luis Fernando , Melo Ralini Ferreira de
Published: November 2018

OBSTRUÇÃO DE GOTEJADORES AUTOCOMPENSANTES ENTERRADOS NA IRRIGAÇÃO DE CITROS CAUSADA POR INTRUSÃO RADICULAR  Rubens Duarte Coelho; Luis Fernando Faria; Ralini Ferreira de MéloDepartamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP,  rdcoelho@esalq.usp.br  1 RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo obter informações sobre o desempenho de gotejadores enterrados (irrigação subsuperficial), quanto à susceptibilidade dos modelos autocompensantes a intrusão radicular baseado na variação de vazão para a cultura do Citros. As mudas de Citros foram irrigadas por sete modelos diferentes de gotejadores de fluxo autocompensante, instalados a duas profundidades (15 e30 cmda superfície do solo) e em dois níveis de depleção de água no solo (tratamentos úmido e seco). O trabalho foi conduzido em vasos e sob ambiente controlado, utilizando mudas de laranjeira Pêra com enxerto de tangerina Cleópatra em estágio inicial de desenvolvimento. Observaram-se até os 120 dias no início do experimento diferenças de desempenho entre os modelos de emissores ensaiados quanto à penetração de raízes e maior instabilidade de vazão, na presença de raízes e partículas de solo, podendo-se agrupar os modelos avaliados em função do grau de redução de vazão observado. Os tratamentos com diferentes níveis de depleção de água no solo (úmido e seco) não diferiram estatisticamente até 120 dias do início do experimento, porém, notou-se que o sistema radicular do Citros foi mais agressivo na profundidade de solo de30 cm  para o tratamento com maior umidade no solo (úmido). UNITERMOS: gotejamento, variação de vazão, profundidade  COELHO, R. D.; FARIA, L. F.; MELO, R.F. de. OBSTRUCTION OF SELF-COMPENSATED EMITTERS IN SUBSURFACE DRIP CITRUS  IRRIGATION (ROOT INTRUSION - SDI)  2 ABSTRACT This work aimed to quantify dripper performance under subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), regarding flow rate variation due to the intrusion of citros roots.  Potted plants were irrigated by seven different models of self-compensated commercial drippers, at two depths (15 and 30 cm) and two soil water depletion levels (wet and dry treatments). After 120 days from the beginning of the experiment it was possible to identify different performances among studied models, related to the root penetration. It was possible to classify dripper models in relation to the degree of flow rate reduction; the irrigation level treatments did not present conclusive results until 120 days of the beginning of the experiment; however, considering the whole period of the experiment evidences, it was observed that the root system was more aggressive in the deepest soil layer (30 cm) and for the wet treatment.   KEYWORDS: drip irrigation, flow variation, depths
Rap in Music Therapy with Appalachian Youth with Adverse Childhood Experiences
Authors: Fletcher Jessica S.
Published: November 2018

Children and adolescents in Appalachia are often exposed to Adverse Childhood Experiences and may have higher levels of depression, anxiety, and aggression than youth in other areas of the United States. The unique challenges of working with youth in Appalachia and the unexpected prevalence of rap as a preferred genre are summarized in this article. Rap is a frequently requested genre with youth in Appalachian Ohio and the youth in the area frequently identify with common themes in rap such as social criticism, social empowerment, humanistic values, and negative behavior criticism. Despite success with these methods within music therapy sessions, this Caucasian music therapist has experienced internal conflict due to the potential for cultural appropriation by using rap music in music therapy with clients who are not indigenous to Hip Hop Kulture. Discussion of the implications of therapeutic application, this therapist’s self-reflections and supervision process, potential for appropriation, and personal outcomes are included.
Co-creating Spaces for Resilience to Flourish
Authors: Fouche Sunelle , Stevens Mari
Published: November 2018

MusicWorks is a non-profit organisation based in Cape Town, South Africa, and offers psycho-social support through music to young people growing up in marginalised communities. In South Africa three hundred years of colonialism paved the way for Apartheid which left a legacy of waste, nepotism, corruption and the oppression of the majority of our country’s citizens. Its impact is still visible today and the consequences of past and current political, social and economic challenges has led to perpetuated patterns of poverty, gangsterism[1], unemployment, and family violence that are endemic to communities such as Lavender Hill where this MusicWorks project is situated. Encouraging and strengthening the resilience of young people within this community can empower them to not only break this cycle but also be part of the solution as they become contributing members of their community and society at large. Ebersöhn’s (2012) generative theory of relationship resourced resilience proposes that when individuals use relationships as a way to access, link, and mobilise resources, an enabling ecology is shaped that can foster positive adjustment in a largely at-risk environment. Drawing on this social-ecological understanding of resilience, this paper outlines the MusicWorks project in Lavender Hill and discusses case vignettes of music work with young people and the broader school community. The aim of the project is to co-create musical spaces where young people and those around them can access resourced relationships.

 

For the purpose of this paper the use of the term “gangsterism” is located firmly within the South African context, were terminology around “gangs” and “gangsterism” refers to a specific grouping of people who are involved in highly structured gangs whose criminal activity revolve mainly around illicit drug trade, with links to local and international organized crime networks ( Chetty, 2015; Goga, 2014; Shaw and Skywalker, 2016; Goga, 2014; Wegner et al., 2018). Several authors have linked the proliferation of gangs, specifically in Cape Town, to the forced removals of people during 1960 to 1980 as part of the Apartheid government’s Group Areas Act ( Chetty, 2015; Goga, 2014; Kinnes, 2017; Steinberg, 2004).
Meme Kanseri ve Hepatosellüler Kanser Hücre Dizilerinde AMPK Modülasyonunun Kanser Hücre Proliferasyonu Üzerine Etkisinin Gerçek-Zamanlı Hücre Analiz Sistemi (xCelligence) Aracılığıyla İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜNAYDIN Gürcan , GEDİK M. Emre
Published: November 2018

AMP (adenozin monofosfat) aktive edici protein kinaz (AMPK), hücrenin
çeşitli metabolik stres durumlarında aktive olarak hücredeki enerji homeostazını
sağlayan önemli bir serin / treonin protein kinazdır. Stres ve hipoksik ortam
koşulları gibi organizmadaki enerji miktarının düşük olduğu veya enerji
tüketiminin yüksek olduğu koşullarda hücresel AMP miktarı artmakta ve AMPK
aktivasyonu ile birlikte yağ asidi oksidasyonu ve glikolizis gibi katabolik
reaksiyonlar artmaktadır. AMPK aktivasyonu; birçok kanser türünde deregüle
olmaktadır. Yapılan çeşitli çalışmalar, AMPK agonisti ajanlar ile kanser
hücrelerinin hedeflenebileceğini ve bu sayede ortalama sağkalımın arttırılabileceğini
öne sürmektedir. Bu görüşün aksine bazı çalışmalar ise, tümör gelişimi
sürecinde AMPK aktivasyonunun arttığını göstermektedir. Kanser hücrelerinin olumsuz
koşullar altında AMPK aktivasyonu gösterdiği ve AMPK'ın protümöral özellikte
olduğu iddia edilmektedir. Kanser hücreleri ile yapılan çalışmalarda ortaya
çıkan bu çelişkili durumun, hücrenin moleküler profiline ve tümör
mikroçevresindeki koşullara bağlı olduğu öne sürülmektedir. Ayrıca, AMPK
aktivitesi enflamasyonu ve anti-tümör immün yanıtları düzenleyerek tümör
gelişimi ve ilerlemesini azaltabilir. Bu çalışmada, farklı moleküler profillere
sahip meme kanseri (SK-BR-3) ve hepatosellüler kanser (Huh-7) hücre dizileri, AMPK
inhibitör ve aktivatör ajanları ile ayrı ayrı olarak inkübe edilmiştir. İlaç
inkübasyonları sonucu hücre proliferasyon paternleri, gerçek-zamanlı hücre
analiz sistemi (xCelligence) kullanılarak analiz edilmiş ve gözlemlenen
değişimler kendi aralarında ve ilaç ile inkübe edilmemiş kontrol gruplarıyla
karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu sayede, iki farklı kanser türünde AMPK hedefine yönelik
doğru stratejinin karşılaştırılmalı olarak belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Genel
olarak AMPK aktivasyonu, hem meme kanserinde hem de hepatosellüler kanserde
hücre proliferasyonunu ve agresifliğini arttırmıştır. Öbür taraftan, AMPK
inhibisyonu ise genel anti-tümöral etkiler göstermiştir. Ancak, hepatosellüler
kanser hücrelerinde düşük-doz AMPK inhibisyonuyla proliferasyon artmıştır. Kanser
tedavisinde AMPK modülasyonunun, kanser metabolizması ve anti-tümör immün
yanıtlar üzerinde kritik bir regülasyon potansiyeli olduğu unutulmamalıdır. Bu çalışmanın
sonuçları, kanser metabolizmasını ve anti-tümör immün yanıtları hedef alan anti-kanser
tedavi stratejilerinin farklı kanserlerde dikkatle geliştirilmesi ve
uygulanması gerekliliğine dikkat çekmektedir.
Trends and patterns in the use of grounded theory in educational research in South Africa
Authors: du Plessis E.C. , van der Westhuizen G.J.
Published: November 2018

The calls for the decolonisation of knowledge in South Africa is a challenge that educational researchers cannot ignore. The problem is, however, that research and knowledge development traditions in education have not contributed in significant ways to enhancing cognitive justice in society. The focus of this article is on grounded theory, a research methodology tradition that is assumed to be relevant and valuable to the possibilities of transformational changes in education because it allows, by design, for research that produces theories in ways that are inductive, data based, and bottom-up. The purpose is to review research in education in South Africa, since 1994, and to identify trends and patterns in order to understand how grounded theory methods contribute to the development of new education theories and to transformation. We have reviewed articles published during the period 1994-2016 and found that they cover different academic domains. We also found that the majority of studies utilised grounded theory methodology meticulously and with varied levels of sophistication, leading to around one third of the studies articulating theories in the comprehensive sense of the word. The findings are discussed with reference to the role of educational research in the changing times of decolonisation. Recommendations are made to improve educational research: to be more relevant and transformative.
A critical look at a technologically sophisticated initiative to address the problem of unequal educational opportunities in South Africa
Authors: van Jaarsveld Leentjie , van der Walt Johannes L.
Published: November 2018

A survey of the literature in connection with the current state of education in South Africa reveals a consensus that the system has remained unfair to a large section of the population, even now-two decades into the postapartheid dispensation. The education system has now developed two distinct tiers: one for the historically privileged and one for historically disadvantaged learners, the latter by far the larger of the two. In addition to measures taken by the Department of Basic Education to close the gap between these two tiers, some of the historically privileged schools have launched initiatives to help their less fortunate counterparts overcome the disparities and unfairness of the current system. This paper takes a critical look at one such initiative, a project that is technologically sophisticated and from which all historically disadvantaged schools may potentially benefit. Although the project has been well meant by its initiators, and although it already has benefited some 38 underprivileged schools since 2008, it is a stark illustration of the persistent disparities in the South African education system. The project nevertheless has transformative potential.
Perceptions of immigrant Nigerian women in South African Higher Education about social change
Authors: Collins Onoriode , Adewale Olumuyiwa K. Noah Potokri , Perumal Juliet
Published: November 2018

The focus of this article is immigrant women's perceptions of social change, and how they respond to it. In the article, social change refers to the fact that more people than ever before are engaged in different activities that lead to alterations in the norms and behavioural patterns of people as individuals or as a group in society. The study analysed social change via the perceptions of individuals-immigrant Nigerian women in South African higher education. In line with phenomenological research with which this article is aligned, an intrinsic qualitative case study approach-interviews-was employed to gather data. The cases involved four Nigerian women who are currently residing in South Africa and studying at higher education institutions in the country. Snowball sampling was used to select participants. Social change, as revealed in this article, is a lens that can be used to better understand individuals as a society or people. Furthermore, and in terms of materialist social theory that was utilised, this article reveals that social change relates to economic relationships between self (individuals or group) and society where survival of people is linked to surplus economic goods and the acquisition of tangible and intangible wants in order to deal with the fear of an unknown future. The article concludes that the understanding of self as a fallout of social change is a means of understanding others and vice versa, which can help people-especially locals or indigenes-conquer their fear of foreigners or immigrants.
Green sprouts: Transformative learning in learning through participation (LTP)
Authors: Sakinofsky Phyllis , Amigó María Florencia , Janks Avril
Published: November 2018

This article explores the transformative learning effects of university courses that integrate academic learning with practical experience, highlighting in particular the tripartite learning that may occur where students are encouraged to work collaboratively with external partners as well as with their university teachers. We make the proposition that the student can act as the catalyst for this emancipatory perspective, and that critical reflection is necessary to achieve this outcome. Finally, we propose a four-step model that can be used by students, their teachers, and placement supervisors to scaffold the critical reflection process during an experiential learning placement.
The effect of micro-sized titanium dioxide on WM-266-4 metastatic melanoma cell line
Authors: Prunk Zdravković Tanja , Zdravković Bogdan , Lunder Mojca , Ferk Polonca
Published: November 2018

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is widely used as an inorganic UV-filter in cosmetic products; however, it has been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. While numerous studies demonstrated cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of nano-sized TiO2 in different cell lines, including human skin cells, studies investigating the effects of micro-TiO2 on human keratinocytes and melanocytes, in healthy and cancer cells, are scarce. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding cassette subfamily B member 5 (ABCB5) is a plasma membrane protein known for its role in the tumorigenicity, progression, and recurrence of melanoma. Here, we investigated the effect of micro-TiO2 (average particle size ≤5 µm) on the metabolic activity, cytotoxicity and ABCB5 mRNA expression in metastatic melanoma cells. Metastatic melanoma cell line WM-266-4 was treated with different concentrations of micro-TiO2 for different incubation times to obtain dose- and time-dependent responses. Untreated WM-266-4 cells, cultured under the same conditions, were used as control. The cell metabolic activity was determined by MTT assay. Cytotoxicity of micro-TiO2 was analyzed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay. The ABCB5 mRNA expression in melanoma cells was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). After 120 hours of exposure to micro-TiO2 the metabolic activity of melanoma cells decreased, especially at the two highest micro-TiO2 concentrations. Comparably, the cytotoxicity of micro-TiO2 on melanoma cells increased after 48 and 120 hours of exposure, in a time-dependent manner. The ABCB5 mRNA expression in micro-TiO2-treated melanoma cells also decreased significantly after 24 and 48 hours, in a time-dependent manner. Overall, our results suggest inhibitory effects of micro-TiO2 on the metabolic activity and ABCB5 mRNA expression in metastatic melanoma cells, indicating its potential use as an anticancer agent.
Orman ürünleri sanayi sektöründe iş sağlığı ve güvenliğine yönelik çalışan algısının incelenmesi
Authors: YILDIRIM İbrahim , AKYÜZ Kadri Cemil , AKYÜZ İlker , ERSEN Nadir
Published: November 2018

Her yıl binlerce çalışanın maddi
ve manevi kayıplara uğramasına neden olan iş kazaları ve meslek hastalıkları,
sanayileşme ve teknolojik gelişmelerle giderek artan bir durum almıştır. Üretim
metotlarında oluşan değişimler, üretim miktar ve kalitesinde artışlar
sağlarken, çalışanların iş kazaları ve meslek hastalıkları sonucunda ciddi
maddi ve manevi kayıplar yaşamasına neden olabilmektedir. Ülkemizde iş sağlığı
ve güvenliği alanında gerek mevzuat ve gerekse üretim ortamlarında oluşan
değişimler işveren ve çalışanların daha güvenli bir ortamda çalışmalarına neden
olacak niteliktedir. Bu çalışmada giderek artan güvenlik bilinci ve algısının,
tehlikeli işler sınıfı içinde yer alan orman ürünleri sanayi sektörü bünyesinde
araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda sektör genelinde alt gruplar
düzeyinde (Mobilya, Levha, Kâğıt, Kereste) çalışanların iş sağlığı ve güvenliğe
yönelik algıları incelenmiştir. Anket kapsamına alınan 1.215 sektör
çalışanından elde edilen ve 10 farklı alt bölümde incelenen iş sağlığı ve güvenlik
algısı istatistik yöntemlerle irdelenerek değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma
sonucunda kadın çalışanların iş güvenliği konusunda erkek çalışanlara göre daha
duyarlı olduğu, levha ve kâğıt sektöründe çalışanların iş güvenliği algılarının
diğer alt sektörlere göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Güvenlik algısı
alt faktörleri içinde demografik faktörlere göre en fazla farklılığın güvenlik
önceliği alt faktöründe oluştuğu gözlemlenmiştir.
PFA fixation and Percoll prep of sediments v2
Authors: Dawson Kat
Published: November 2018

Protocol for PFA fixation of sediment or culture samples and Percoll prep of sediments.
Ultrasound for Small Animal Imaging v1
Authors: Sauve Yves
Published: November 2018

To obtain anatomical images that allow for measurement of structural changes in physiology, using Vevo 770,or Vevo 2100 Visual Sonics Integrated Rail System, which includes rat/mouse handling platform.
DNA recovery from filter paper v1
Authors: Bonatto Diego
Published: November 2018

Protocol to recover plasmids from filter papers - copy from Addgene webpage (https://help.addgene.org/hc/en-us/articles/206127485-DNA-on-filter-paper-or-tube)