bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The evolutionary terrestrialization of planarian flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae): a review and research programme
Authors: Sluys Ronald
Published: October 2019

The terrestrialization of animal life from aquatic ancestors is a key transition during the history of life. Planarian flatworms form an ideal group of model organisms to study this colonization of the land because they have freshwater, marine, and terrestrial representatives. The widespread occurrence of terrestrial flatworms is a testament to their remarkable success occupying a new niche on land. This lineage of terrestrial worms provides a unique glimpse of an evolutionary pathway by which a group of early divergent aquatic, invertebrate metazoans has moved onto land. Land flatworms are among the first groups of animals to have evolved terrestrial adaptations and to have extensively radiated. Study of this terrestrialization process and the anatomical key innovations facilitating their colonization of the land will contribute greatly to our understanding of this important step in Metazoan history. The context and scientific background are reviewed regarding the evolutionary terrestrialization of land flatworms. Furthermore, a framework of a research programme is sketched, which has as its main objective to test hypotheses on the evolution of land planarians, specifically whether particular anatomical and physiological key innovations have contributed to their evolutionary successful terrestrial colonization and radiation. In this context special attention is paid to the respiration in aquatic and terrestrial planarians. The research programme depends on a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of all major taxa of the land flatworms on the basis of both molecular and anatomical data. The data sets should be analyzed phylogenetically with a suite of phylogenetic inference methods. Building on such robust reconstructions, it will be possible to study associations between key innovations and the evolutionary terrestrialization process.
A new species in the genus Heteromysoides (Crustacea, Mysida, Mysidae) from Songkhla Lagoon, southern Thailand
Authors: Yolanda Rofiza , Sawamoto Shozo , Lheknim Vachira
Published: October 2019

A new mysid,Heteromysoides songkhlaensis, is reported from shallow water in the Songkhla Lagoon, southern Thailand. The new species is closely similar toH. nanain having a triangular rostrum and the eyestalk without a process at the anteromesial corner. However, the new species can be readily distinguished fromH. nanaby three setae on the inner margin and five setae on distal margin of the second segment of the mandibular palp; the carpopropodus of the fifth and sixth thoracic endopod of the new species is composed of four articles, and the telson of the new species is distally rounded, shorter than the sixth abdominal somite, and 1.3 times longer than its basal width; the spines on the telson form elongated spines from the distal to posterior margin. The new species also resemblesH. dennisi,H. simplex, andH. stenoura; however, it differs by (1) the presence of a rounded distal margin of telson, and (2) absence of a sharp process on the distolateral corner of the eyestalk.
Les fake news et l’avenir de la vérité
Authors: Lynch Michael P. , Engel Pascal
Published: October 2019

Pourquoi la pollution de l’information se répand elle si aisément dans le media sociaux ? et pourquoi est-il si vain de recourir aux preuves et aux données pour la combattre ? Ma réponse repose sur une nouvelle hypothèse au sujet de la fonction de certains de nos actes de communication dans les media sociaux. Elle vise à comprendre le phénomène des fake news, mais aussi la communication en général.
Le panoptique renversé
Authors: Ferraris Maurizio , Plaud Sabine
Published: October 2019

On croit souvent que les Big data et l’univers d’internet et des réseaux sociaux constituent une forme nouvelle de pouvoir dictatorial des contrôleurs d’internet. Mais, en fait, ce à quoi nous assistons est à une nouvelle dictature du prolétariat, celle des multitudes et du populisme.
Sommer 1494: Eine Würdigung von Sebastian Brants Person und Werk durch Johannes Trithemius
Authors: Henkel Nikolaus
Published: October 2019

Dans son Liber de scriptoribus ecclesiasticis , paru en été 1494, Johannes Trithemius, abbé du couvent bénédictain de Sponhein, fait une place à Sebastien Brant. Dans son article, il décrit le profil intellectuel du juriste bâlois, évoque son énergie, parle de ses productions littéraires, tout particulièrement de La Nef , laquelle fait l’objet d’un exposé détaillé. La liste des œuvres de Brant publiées à cette date (il s’agit de feuilles imprimées le plus souvent perdues), ainsi que la description de la personnalité de Brant présenté comme un membre de l’élite intellectuelle autour de 1580, font toute la valeur de ce témoignage. La présente contribution se fixe comme objectif d’en fournir une analyse.
„Was nuw ist/ allzyt doren glust“. Alte und neue Welt in Brants Narrenschiff
Authors: Schillinger Jean
Published: October 2019

La Nef des fous de Sebastian Brant porte la marque d’une opposition systématique entre le monde actuel et un monde passé, généralement idéalisé. Brant évoque une décadence universelle, qu’il voit à l’œuvre dans le domaine moral, politique, religieux et social. Il considère comme une forme de folie le goût de la nouveauté qui s’est emparé de ses contemporains et les pousse à rompre avec la tradition. Les nouvelles modes vestimentaires font l’objet d’une critique sévère, ainsi que les nouvelles pratiques économiques qui permettent le rapide enrichissement de certains au prix de l’appauvrissement de nombreux individus. Ces innovations mettent en cause l’ordre du monde et sont de nature à hâter la fin de celui-ci. De même, les innovations techniques et scientifiques suscitent la méfiance de Brant. Il est néanmoins difficile de déterminer l’attitude exacte de Brant, car de nombreux passages contredisent ses déclarations. D’autre part, la volonté didactique et l’engagement politique en faveur de Maximilien I er  s’accordent mal avec l’affirmation fataliste d’un déclin irréversible.
„Wer hat gehoͤrt von Circes stall?“ Exempelfiguren als Form des gelehrten Spiels in Sebastian Brants Narrenschiff und seinen Bearbeitungen
Authors: Möllenbrink Linus
Published: October 2019

Le nom des personnages exemplaires empruntés à la tradition littéraire et historique joue un rôle important dans la Nef des fous de Sébastien Brant. Alors que la critique littéraire réduit habituellement de tels exempla à leur fonction purement didactique, le présent article s’efforce de mettre en évidence leur valeur esthétique dans le cadre du contexte poétique. L’étude de cas qui porte sur le chapitre 13 ( von buolschafft ) fait voir que leur utilisation novatrice et parfois énigmatique par Brant présuppose un haut niveau de connaissances littéraires savantes. Pour un lecteur capable de retrouver le savoir exigé, les allusions contiennent ce que l’on peut définir au mieux en parlant de plaisir esthétique. Partant de là, l’article avance l’idée que les exempla contenus dans la Nef constituent une sorte de jeu intellectuel. Afin de faire voir ce qu’il advient de ces exempla dans des contextes culturels variés, l’étude considère pour finir l’emploi qui est fait d’eux dans d’autres versions du texte : le Nüv schiff von Narragonia de Strasbourg, le Narrenschyp bas-allemand et la Stultifera navis latine.
Sebastian Brants Narrenschiff und seine französischen Übersetzungen
Authors: Burrichter Brigitte
Published: October 2019

La Nef des fous de Sebastian Brant connut un succès immédiat ainsi que les éditions pirates composées dans différents dialectes allemands en témoignent. L’adaptation en latin (1497), commandée par Brant lui-même, visait un public humaniste. Cette édition latine fut très rapidement adaptée en français, deux versions étant publiées à Paris, l’une en vers (1497) et l’autre en prose (1499/1500). Une troisième édition, représentant un remaniement en prose de la première version parisienne, fut publiée à Lyon en 1498/99. Ces adaptations françaises montrent l’intention des remanieurs de répondre aux besoins d’un public non-lettré en expliquant les allusions à la littérature antique du texte latin et en assurant par diverses stratégies la bonne lecture du texte. De Paris, La Nef des fous se répandit dans d’autres aires linguistiques avec une Nef en néerlandais et finalement, en 1509, deux adaptations anglaises.
Technologies de la santé et de l’autonomie et vécus du vieillissement
Authors: Klein Armelle
Published: October 2019

En France, les Technologies de la Santé et de l’Autonomie (TSA) sont depuis le début des années 2000 fréquemment évoquées pour l’accompagnement de l’avancée en âge. Si elles étaient à l’origine principalement liées à la perte d’autonomie, les TSA soutiennent aujourd’hui une vision plus globale de l’avancée en âge en lien avec la prise en compte plus systématique de la diversité des trajectoires du vieillissement dans les politiques et les actions publiques. Elles sont de plus en plus institutionnalisées et se propagent rapidement à l’image des TIC. Cet article vise donc à mieux comprendre les usages des TSA par les personnes âgées et s’articule autour de deux objectifs principaux. Le premier est de caractériser le processus d’acceptabilité des TSA au prisme des reconfigurations sociales qui s’opèrent avec le temps. Le second est de montrer que l’usage de la technologie est un élément révélateur des vécus individuels du vieillissement. À partir de l’analyse d’une soixantaine d’entretiens semi-directifs réalisés dans le cadre d’une thèse de doctorat, il a été possible de dégager trois positionnements face au vieillissement : le vieillissement fataliste, le vieillissement passif et le vieillissement combatif.
Aide-mémoire externe et vieillissement : bien plus qu’une aide pour se rappeler
Authors: Porcher-Sala Amandine , Beaurain Camille , Sinoquet Marion
Published: October 2019

Les dispositifs d’aide-mémoire externe (AME), comme les agendas électroniques par exemple, représentent des technologies utiles pour répondre aux besoins liés à la mémoire et l’organisation de la vie quotidienne des aînés. Certains de ces objets sont conçus pour fournir également un bénéfice sur le plan social ou affectif. Mais est-ce qu’un aide-mémoire peut réellement offrir une utilité étendue au-delà de sa fonction d’assistance cognitive ? Pour répondre à cette question, deux études complémentaires ont été conduites : une étude théorique à partir d’une revue de la littérature et une étude empirique des usages des AME auprès d’aînés en France et au Canada. Les résultats permettent de dégager une classification de neuf fonctions utiles, individuelles et/ou collectives, des AME. Ils ouvrent à plusieurs implications pour que les concepteurs de telles technologies prennent en compte les besoins, les fonctionnements biopsychosociaux, la créativité dans l’usage et l’environnement des aînés futurs utilisateurs.
Synthèse sur les interventions probantes favorisant le vieillissement en bonne santé
Authors: Lamboy Béatrice , Cotton Nadine , Hamel Emmanuelle , Soleymani Dagmar
Published: October 2019

Cet article présente l’état des connaissances scientifiques sur les interventions validées et prometteuses qui favorisent le vieillissement en bonne santé auprès de la population générale de 55 ans et plus, autonome et vivant à domicile. Il s’appuie sur les dernières synthèses et a été réalisé selon une démarche méthodologique systématique. C’est ainsi que 31 documents ont été sélectionnés et analysés en double codage (5 synthèses Cochrane, 3 rapports de santé publique et 23 articles de synthèse). Ils ont contribué à identifier 10 types d’interventions probantes permettant d’impacter l’état de santé des personnes âgées et/ou un déterminant majeur du vieillissement. Parmi elles, 6 sont des interventions de prévention universelles s’adressant à toutes les personnes âgées sans risque particulier : les programmes d’exercices physiques, les interventions psychocorporelles, les interventions de stimulation cognitive, les interventions intergénérationnelles, les interventions s’appuyant sur les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) et les interventions culturelles. 3 interventions ciblent une population présentant un risque sanitaire et/ou social : les visites à domicile, les groupes d’activités et d’entraide et les interventions d’aide alimentaire. Enfin, les interventions de counselling ont fait leur preuve aussi bien dans le cadre d’une prévention universelle que d’une prévention ciblée. Cette synthèse a ainsi permis d’identifier un nombre relativement restreint d’interventions probantes et de déterminants de santé visés, dont très peu de déterminants environnementaux (sociaux et physiques). Ces quelques interventions validées et prometteuses agissent sur plusieurs déterminants, états et problèmes de santé à la fois, justifiant ainsi une approche globale et populationnelle dans le champ de la prévention et de la promotion de la santé des aînés.
C’est la vie… Jamais j’aurais cru. Ressentis lors de l’entrée en établissement
Authors: Villain Anne-Sophie , Donnio Isabelle , Villain Aude , Somme Dominique
Published: October 2019

Professionnels et société civile se questionnent au sujet de la grande vieillesse évoquant la crainte que leur volonté, comme celle des personnes âgées aujourd’hui, ne soit pas entendue lors de l’entrée en établissement. Notamment parce que, le plus souvent, la décision d’entrer en établissement n’est pas prise par la personne âgée elle-même, posant ainsi la question du respect de sa volonté et de son accompagnement. Cet article vise à rapporter l’expérience des personnes âgées sur la prise de décision d’entrée en établissement. Il s’appuie sur les données d’une étude qualitative réalisée en 2015-2016 auprès de 17 personnes entrées depuis moins de 3 mois ou sur liste d’attente pour un établissement. L’étude des déterminants de l’entrée permet de mettre en évidence la notion d’équilibre, de compromis nécessaire entre les risques et les avantages. La temporalité et l’absence d’alternatives apparaissent comme des facteurs extrinsèques mais influençant fortement la prise de décision. L’analyse questionne la gestion des risques, la notion de choix, le caractère collectif ou personnel de la décision et l’intention versus la résignation lors de la prise de décision. L’anticipation de la réflexion permettrait de mieux accompagner les personnes âgées, à une condition : que la société soit prête à accepter les choix, donc les risques pour les personnes âgées.
Determinants of growth in research spin-offs: a resource-based perspective
Authors: Salvador Elisa , Marullo Cristina , Piccaluga Andrea
Published: October 2019

Il existe de fortes attentes en ce qui concerne les entreprises spin-off de la recherche, mais il existe encore peu d’évidence empirique sur les déterminants de la croissance de ces entreprises. L’objectif de cet article est de contribuer au débat sur la croissance -ou la non-croissance- des entreprises spin-off de la recherche en mettant l’accent sur l’Italie. Une perspective basée sur les ressources est adoptée pour identifier les déterminants cruciaux de l’avantage concurrentiel de ces entreprises, et une analyse de régression OLS est effectuée pour évaluer l’impact des ressources initiales sur la croissance des revenus et des employés. Notre analyse met en évidence des résultats inattendus concernant la participation de partenaires industriels, de capital-risqueurs, la taille du portefeuille de DPI à la fondation et l’expérience antérieure des partenaires de promotion.
Surface- and deep-level diversity of directors and financial performance of French listed firms
Authors: Maati Jérôme , Maati-Sauvez Christine
Published: October 2019

Cette étude examine l’influence de la diversité de surface et profonde des administrateurs sur la performance financière des entreprises françaises, en considérant le pouvoir du dirigeant et la complexité opérationnelle. Accroître la diversité de l’âge ou du genre n’améliore pas la gouvernance cognitive, quelle que soit l’intensité de la complexité. Par contre, la diversité des expériences éducatives, professionnelles et celle issue de l’appartenance à des conseils d’administration élargit la base cognitive des entreprises complexes et accroît leur performance financière. Elle est néanmoins destructrice de richesse pour les firmes les moins complexes. Concernant la gouvernance disciplinaire, la diversité de l’âge n’est pas associée à un contrôle plus intense du PDG et n’influence pas la performance. Toutes les autres composantes de la diversité de surface et profonde améliorent la performance en présence d’un PDG puissant. Elles l’affaiblissent lorsque le PDG détient peu de pouvoir. Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que les implications de la diversité des conseils sur la performance pourraient être subordonnées au contexte managérial de l’entreprise.
USAGE OF DIGITAL TOOLS FOR THE OPTIMUM PROPELLER DESIGN
Authors: Bulten N W H
Published: October 2019

The usage of more sophisticated design and analysis tools have become prevalent in all industries. In order to get the true value out of these numerical tools, the actual design requirements need to be defined properly and in general, this leads to the question of how to find the right balance between conflicting requirements. More feedback on the performance of a design can be obtained with usage of numerical simulations within the design evaluation phase and with digital data collection tools in the operational phase. With the implementation of CFD simulations in the design cycle, unforeseen deviations with model testing campaigns and actual full scale sea trials has reduced, and collection of actual vessel operational data, in combination with a system simulation approach generates further insight in the actual operation, which can be used to further fine-tune the design philosophy. Detailed evaluation of the results from full scale CFD simulations have revealed interesting phenomena related to the Reynolds scaling effects of ducted propellers.
ALTERNATIVAS PARA SUBSTITUIÇÃO DO USO DE IMPLANTES VAGINAIS DE PROGESTERONA NA INSEMINAÇÃO ARTIFICIAL EM TEMPO FIXO EM BOVINOS
Authors: Cerezetti Marcela Bortoletto , Bergamo Larissa Zamparone , Costa Camila Bortoliero , Da Silva Camila Bizarro , Seneda Marcelo Marcondes
Published: October 2019

A progesterona (P4) é um dos principais hormônios responsáveis pela ciclicidade reprodutiva e atua na manutenção da gestação em vacas. Esse hormônio caracteriza-se pela rápida metabolização, o que leva a necessidade de disponibilizá-lo de forma lenta a fim de mimetizar sua liberação fisiológica. Diferentes dispositivos de liberação dos progestágenos associados à aplicação de ésteres de estrógeno são utilizados com frequência em protocolos para sincronizar as ondas foliculares e ovulação. Entre os dispositivos liberadores de progestágenos, o mais utilizado é o intravaginal, sendo disponíveis outras alternativas de dispositivos como o auricular, oral, injetável e o adesivo transdérmico. Dessa forma, conhecer as alternativas de implantes de P4 é importante para garantir a eficiência dos protocolos reprodutivos, assim como o bem-estar animal e o desenvolvimento de novos dispositivos de P4. O objetivo dessa revisão é descrever as principais alternativas de implantes de progesterona utilizados na inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) bem como suas vantagens e desvantagens.
TIPOLOGIA DE SISTEMAS PRODUTIVOS LEITEIROS E A SUCESSÃO FAMILIAR NO PARANÁ
Authors: Muller Bianca de Oliveira , Bánkuti Ferenc Istvan , Brito Marcel Moreira de , Martinelli Raiane Real
Published: October 2019

A produção de leite nacional tem sido realizada tipicamente a partir de mão de obra familiar, cumprindo importante função econômica e social. Entretanto, tem se observado o esvaziamento no meio rural, decorrente da baixa sucessão familiar nas atividades agropecuárias. Diante deste problema, buscou-se neste trabalho analisar características sociais do produtor rural, estruturais e produtivas dos Sistemas Produtivos Leiteiros (SPL) em que há maior possibilidade de sucessão familiar. As análises foram feitas a partir da coleta de variáveis estruturais e produtivas em 184 sistemas leiteiros localizados no Paraná, bem como variáveis socioeconômicas de seus gestores – produtores rurais. Além dessas, foi coletada variável indicativa da possibilidade de sucessão familiar para a atividade leiteira. Esta variável foi utilizada para segregar os sistemas leiteiros em dois grupos, G1 – formado por Sistemas Produtivos Leiteiros em que seus gestores declararam que a sucessão familiar irá acontecer e G2 – formado por Sistemas Produtivos Leiteiros em que seus gestores declararam que a sucessão familiar não acontecerá. A maior propensão à sucessão familiar deverá ocorrer em Sistemas Produtivos Leiteiros com maior escala de produção e maior produtividade.
VERIFICAÇÃO DAS CONDIÇÕES HIGIÊNICO-SANITÁRIAS E DE MANIPULAÇÃO DE ALIMENTOS EM FOOD TRUCKS, SANTA CATARINA/BRASIL
Authors: Kipper Bruna Helena , Modinger Gabriela Mendonça , Szabo Castro Thaís Helena
Published: October 2019

Podemos definir um food truck como uma cozinha móvel, na maioria das vezes com dimensões pequenas, sobre rodas, e que faz a comercialização de produtos como alimentos e bebidas. São considerados ambulantes e ainda não possuem leis específicas em todo o território nacional. Um dos maiores riscos relacionados é a condição higiênico-sanitária destes, fator determinante para o aparecimento de DTA. Desta maneira, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar as condições higiênico-sanitárias de food trucksno estado de Santa Catarina por meio da aplicação de um checklistbaseado nas RDC’s 275/2002 e 216/2004. Coletaram-se dados de 100 food trucks pormeio da aplicação de um check listobservacional. Os dados foram organizados em uma planilha da Microsoft Excel versão 2010 e analisados em formas de tabelas de frequência para posterior discussão. Observou-se em 100% dos food trucksausência de proteção contra insetos nas janelas e aberturas, falta de separação de área de preparo dos alimentos e pré-preparo e ausência de sanitários exclusivos aos funcionários. Em relação aos manipuladores, 84% não utilizavam uniformes adequados e 61% não estavam com o cabelo protegido e com barba aparada. Desta forma, concluiu-se que as condições higiênico-sanitárias dos food truckssão insatisfatórias, tendo a necessidade de maior capacitação aos manipuladores e leis específicas quanto a esse tipo de comércio.
Novel Actuators and Sensors with Tensegrity Architecture
Authors: Fraternali Fernando , Amendola A.
Published: October 2019

This paper deals with the design of an apparatus based on tensegrity structures for the transmission of special solitary waves with adjustable profile into a material or structure, and the detection of such waves from a material or structure. The advantages of using tensegrity building blocks in place of granular materials or different structural units for the fabrication of novel nondestructive evaluation and monitoring tools and acoustic lenses are illustrated.
FexNi100-x Thin Film Systems with Slight Deviations from Zero Magnetostriction Compositions: Focus on Pressure Sensor Applications
Authors: Chlenova Anna A. , Novoselova Iuliia P. , Salikhov Ruslan , Farle Michael , Lepalovskij Vladimir N. , Totoricaguena Gorriño Joseba , Kurlyandskaya Galina V.
Published: October 2019

The structure, magnetic properties, ferromagnetic resonance and giant magnetoimpedance effect (GMI) were studied in FexNi100-x thin films and multilayered systems having compositions with small deviation from zero magnetostriction in order to find the best conditions for possible applications in the area of small pressure sensors. A comparative analysis of the effective magnetization and g-factor was carried out for the thin films of FexNi100-x (x = 19.8, 17.5, 15.0, 11.9) alloys. Comparison of the concentration dependences for static 4πMs and dynamic 4πMeff magnetization values allows to select a narrow interval of concentrations around Fe15Ni85 for the development of a microfluidic small pressure sensitive elements based on GMI effect. The maximum value of GMI ratio (ΔZ/Z) ratio shows linear dependence on the iron content in the FexNi100-x alloy for the concentration range under consideration.
CAD-CAM Assisted Design and Preparation of Biocompatible Sensors and Transducers with Variable Microstructure
Authors: Singh Ranvir , Singh Rupinder , Dureja J.S. , Singh Narinder , Farina Ilenia
Published: October 2019

This paper highlights the detailed procedure for preparation of biocompatible sensors and transducers by CAD-CAM assisted investment casting (IC). Along with the properties such as biocompatibility and bioactivity, the presented materials possess good surface finish (required for aesthetic sense), acceptable dimensional accuracy (required for assembly purposes) and good surface hardness (required while chewing). In this paper efforts were made for improving surface hardness, finish, and dimensional accuracy of biocompatible materials by controlling composition/proportion of Ni and Cr in IC process. In this case study stir casting (SC) assisted Ni and Cr based metal matrix composites (MMC) has been prepared and composite prepared were poured in the investment mould. The result of study reveals that different material composition influenced the microstructure and the hardness of the MMC prepared. Further with change in weight percentage of Ni and Cr, different microstructures with particle clustering was observed. The employment of nickel and chromium composites for the fabrication of novel sensors and transducers is discussed.
Technical Notes: Comment on the “Minimum Weight Design of Helicopter Rotor Blades with Frequency Constraints,” Journal of the American Helicopter Society, October, 1989
Authors: Amer Kenneth B.
Published: October 2019

It appears that most of the weight saving from the reference blade to the minimum‐weight blade is in the region of the blade root. Undoubtedly, the reference blade requires this weight increase to accommodate the usual bending fatigue loads at the root. The authors do not address
the question of how their minimum‐weight blade would handle blade‐root fatigue loads.
Low-temperature Cu-Cu thermocompression bonding for encapsulation of a MEMS mirror
Authors: Ailas Henri , Saarilahti Jaakko , Pensala Tuomas , Kiihamäki Jyrki
Published: October 2019

In this study, a low temperature wafer-level packaging process aimed for encapsulating MEMS mirrors was developed. The glass cap wafer used in the package has an antireflective (AR) coating that limits the maximum temperature of the bonding process to 250°C. Copper thermocompression was used as copper has a high self-diffusivity and the native oxidation on copper surfaces can be completely removed with combination of ex situ acetic acid wet-etch and in situ forming gas anneal. Making it suitable for a development of a low temperature bonding process. In this work, bonding on of sputtered and electrodeposited copper films was studied on temperatures ranging from 200°C to 300°C as well as the effect of pretreatment on bond strength.

The study presents a successful thermocompression bonding process for sputtered Cu films at a low temperature of 200°C with high yield of 97 % after dicing. The bond strength was recorded to be 75 MPa, well above the MIL-STD-883E standard (METHOD 2019.5) rejection limit of 6.08 MPa. The high dicing yield and bond strength suggest that the thermocompression bonding could be possible even at temperatures below 200°C. However, the minimum bonding temperature was not yet determined in this study.
Thermally Conductive and Electrically Insulating PVP/Boron Nitride Composite Films for Heat Spreader
Authors: Liu Ya , Wang Nan , Ye Lilei , Zehri Abdelhafid , Nylander Andreas , Nkansah Amos , Lu Hongbin , Liu Johan
Published: October 2019

Thermally conductive materials with electrically insulating properties have been extensively investigated for thermal management of electronic devices. The combined properties of high thermal conductivity, structural stability, corrosion resistance and electric resistivity make hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) a promising candidate for this purpose. Theoretical studies have revealed that h-BN has a high in-plane thermal conductivity up to 400 - 800 W m−1 K−1 at room temperature. However, it is still a big challenge to achieve high thermally conductive h-BN thick films that are commercially feasible due to its poor mechanical properties. On the other hand, many polymers exhibit advantages for flexibility. Thus, combining the merits of polymer and the high thermal conductivity of h-BN particles is considered as a promising solution for this issue. In this work, orientated PVP/h-BN films were prepared by electrospinning and a subsequent mechanical pressing process. With the optimized h-BN loading, a PVP/h-BN composite film with up to 22 W m−1 K−1 and 0.485 W m−1 K−1 for in-plane and through-plane thermal conductivity can be achieved, respectively. We believe this work can help accelerate the development of h-BN for thermal management applications.
Eutanasia medica? / Medical euthanasia?
Authors: Fiori Angelo
Published: October 2019

Non disponibile / Not available
The role of rehabilitation care workers in South African healthcare: A Q-methodological study
Authors: Gamiet Shamila , Rowe Michael
Published: October 2019

Background: The South African Department of Health identified the need to train a new cadre of community health worker (CHW) in the field of rehabilitation as part of their 2030 Health Plan that aims to improve primary healthcare (PHC) and community-based rehabilitation (CBR). Community health workers can be effectively utilised in CBR if their role is understood and their potential is not limited by professional protectionism and scepticism. A clear understanding of the scope of practice of a new cadre will minimise resistance by health professionals.Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore rehabilitation health professionals’ perception of the role of the new cadre, called rehabilitation care workers (RCWs), in South African healthcare.Methods: Q-methodology was used to gather and interpret the data. A convenient sample of 16 health professionals participated in the study. Participants ranked statements about the role of the RCWs from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Data were entered into PQMethod software program for statistical and factor analysis.Results: Two factors emerged. Participants loading onto Factors 1 and 2 were of the opinion that RCWs’ role would be to strengthen PHC and CBR and to promote participation of people with disabilities (PWD) in intermediate care and community.Conclusion: Rehabilitation health professionals’ positive perception of the new cadre is encouraging so that it could ensure their effective utilisation in CBR. Rehabilitation care workers were perceived as capable of enhancing the lives of PWD by ensuring inclusive development.
News from World Confederation for Physical Therapy
Authors: Unknown Author
Published: October 2019

No abstract available
Correspondence
Authors: Goodman M. , Blake P.
Published: October 2019

No abstract available
Editorial:The Disabled and Physiotherapy - The future.
Authors: Editor The
Published: October 2019

No abstract.
Pretreatment Lymph Node Metastasis as a Prognostic Significance in Cervical Cancer: Comparison between Disease Status
Authors: Jeong Soo Young , Park Hyea , Kim Myeong Seon , Kang Jun Hyeok , Paik E Sun , Lee Yoo-Young , Kim Tae Joong , Lee Jeong Won , Kim Byoung-Gie , Bae Duk Soo , Choi Chel Hun
Published: October 2019

PurposeLymph node metastasis (LNM) is the most significant prognostic factor in cervical cancer that was recently incorporated into the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system. This study was performed to evaluate whether the prognostic significance of LNM differs according to disease status.Materials and MethodsPatients with FIGO stage IB or higher cervical cancer who had pretreatment computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging studies as well as long-term follow-up were enrolled in this retrospective study. The hazard ratio (HR) of Cox regression was used to determine the prognostic significance of LNM. The HRs were compared between the different tumor groups (based on stage, histology, tumor size, primary treatment, age, parametrium involvement, and lymphovascular space invasion).ResultsA total of 970 patients treated between January 1999 and December 2007 were included. The pretreatment LNM had prognostic significance in patients with stage IB1/IIA (HR for progression-free survival 2.10, p=0.001; HR for overall survival 1.99, p=0.005). However, the significance gradually decreased or disappeared with advancing stages. Similarly, the prognostic significance of the pretreatment LNM decreased with advancing disease status, including old age, parametrial involvement or lymphovascular space involvement. In contrast, the tumor size was associated with the prognostic significance of LNM with advancing status. The significance of the clinical LNM did not reflect the significance of the clinical stage. In contrast, the tumor size, parametrial involvement, and significance of the pathologic LNM reflected the clinical stage.ConclusionIn patients with cervical cancer, pretreatment LNM on imaging has different clinical significance depending on the tumor status.
Complex interpolation of $\mathbb R$-norms, duality and foliations
Authors: Berndtsson Bo , Cordero-Erausquin Dario , Klartag Bo'az , Rubinstein Yanir A.
Published: October 2019

The complex method of interpolation, going back to Calderón and Coifman et al., on the one hand, and the Alexander–Wermer–Słodkowski theorem on polynomial hulls with convex fibers, on the other hand, are generalized to a method of interpolation of real (finite-dimensional) Banach spaces and of convex functions. The underlying duality in this method is given by the Legendre transform. Our results can also be interpreted as new properties of solutions of the homogeneous complex Monge–Ampère equation.
Магнитная восприимчивость разбавленного изинговского магнетика
Authors: Semkin Sergei Viktorovich , Smagin Viktor Pavlovich , Gusev Evgeniy Georgievich
Published: October 2019

Для модели Изинга с немагнитным разбавлением рассмотрен метод построения "псевдохаотического" распределения примесей, основанный на условии обращения в ноль корреляции положения подвижных атомов примеси в ближайших узлах. Для одномерной модели Изинга с немагнитным разбавлением найдено точное решение и показано, что метод псевдохаотического приближения дает для этой модели точное значение магнитной восприимчивости в нулевом внешнем поле. Сделано предположение, что псевдохаотическое распределение примесей является полностью некоррелированным в области нулевой намагниченности для любой решетки. Это предположение обосновано расчетом корреляционных функций для модели Изинга с немагнитным разбавлением на решетке Бете. Для этой модели найдена магнитная восприимчивость.
Конструкция смежных классов для конформной группы. Спонтанно нарушенная фаза и обратный эффект Хиггса
Authors: Kharuk Ivan Vyacheslavovich
Published: October 2019

Установлен математически строгий способ построения эффективных теорий, возникающих вследствие спонтанного нарушения конформной инвариантности. Показано, что поле Намбу-Голдстоуна, соответствующее спонтанно нарушенным генераторам специальных конформных преобразований, всегда является нединамической степенью свободы. Доказана эквивалентность разработанного подхода и стандартного подхода, включающего применение обратного механизма Хиггса.
Групповой анализ одномерного уравнения Больцмана. IV. Полная групповая классификация в общем случае
Authors: Borovskikh Aleksey Vladislavovich , Platonova Kseniya Sergeevna
Published: October 2019

Рассмотрено одномерное уравнение Больцмана $f_{t}+cf_{x}+(\mathcal{F}f)_{c}=0$ с функцией $\mathcal{F}$, зависящей от $(t,x,c,f)$. Получена полная групповая классификация таких уравнений в классе точечных замен всего набора переменных $(t,x,c,f)$. При этом на преобразования налагаются дополнительные условия инвариантности а) соотношений $dx=c dt$, $dc=\mathcal{F} dt$, б) прямых $dt=dx=0$ и в) формы $f dx dc$, фиксирующие физический смысл используемых переменных и связей между ними.
Выявление непертурбативных эффектов в модели Сачдева-Йе-Китаева
Authors: Aref'eva Irina Yaroslavna , Volovich Igor Vasil'evich , Khramtsov Mikhail Alexandrovich
Published: October 2019

В пределе больших $N$ исследованы седловые точки двух цепочек Сачдева-Йе-Китаева с нелокальным в евклидовом времени взаимодействием. Аналитически изучена свободная модель с порядком фермионного взаимодействия $q=2$, а также проведено численное исследование модели со взаимодействием в случае $q=4$. Показано, что в обоих случаях имеется нетривиальная фазовая структура с бесконечным числом фаз. Каждая фаза соответствует седловой точке модели Сачдева-Йе-Китаева с двумя невзаимодействующими репликами. Когда взаимодействие между репликами выключено, в нетривиальных седловых точках значение реплика-недиагонального коррелятора отлично от нуля в смысле квазисредних. Таким образом, нелокальное взаимодействие между репликами дает протокол, который позволяет превращать непертурбативные сублидирующие эффекты в SYK в неравновесные конфигурации, которые доминируют при больших $N$. Для сравнения также исследованы две цепочки Сачдева-Йе-Китаева с локальным взаимодействием при $q=2$ и $q=4$. Показано, что в модели с $q=2$ имеется аналогичная фазовая структура, тогда как в модели с $q=4$, дуальной проходимой кротовой норе, фазовая структура отличается.
Векторы Бете в ортогональных интегрируемых моделях
Authors: Liashyk Andrii Nikolaevich , Pakuliak Stanislav Zdislavovich , Ragoucy Eric , Slavnov Nikita Andreevich
Published: October 2019

Рассмотрены квантовые интегрируемые модели, связанные с алгеброй $\mathfrak{so}_3$. Для таких моделей построено описание векторов Бете в терминах токовых генераторов алгебры $\mathcal DY(\mathfrak{so}_3)$. Для решения этой задачи используется изоморфизм между $R$-матричной реализацией янгианов классических алгебр серий $B$, $C$, $D$ и их реализацией в терминах токов Дринфельда. На основе этих результатов получены формулы действия элементов матрицы монодромии на off-shell векторы Бете. Получены рекуррентные соотношения для off-shell векторов Бете и уравнения Бете для on-shell векторов Бете. Формулы действия элементов матрицы монодромии также можно использовать для вычисления скалярных произведений в моделях, связанных с алгеброй $\mathfrak{so}_3$.
Risk Factors for False-Negative Interferon-γ Release Assay Results in Culture-Confirmed Childhood TB
Authors: Wang Mao-Shui , Liu Xin-Jie
Published: October 2019

A negative interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) result might inappropriately lower the clinical suspicion for childhood tuberculosis (TB) and result in delayed treatment initiation. However, the risk factors associated with false-negative IGRA results in children remain unclear. Between May 2012 and January 2018, 156 culture-confirmed childhood TB patients who had received T-SPOT.TB test were included. Data, including demographic information and clinicopathological variables, were collected via questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% CI of risk factors associated with false-negative T-SPOT.TB results. The positive rate of T-SPOT.TB test was 85.9% in childhood TB patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that younger age (≤ 9 years; OR = 4.782; 95% CI: 1.689, 13.539), weight for age (z-score > 0.37; OR = 4.256; 95% CI: 1.458, 12.428), and hypoproteinemia (total protein ≤ 68.4 g/L; OR = 7.131; 95% CI: 1.864, 27.271) were risk factors for false-negative T-SPOT.TB results in childhood TB. Younger age, overweight, and hypoproteinemia were found to be associated with false-negative T-SPOT.TB results in childhood TB. Health care professionals should consider these risk factors when evaluating suspected childhood TB with negative T-SPOT.TB results.
Identification of Bartonella rochalimae in Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) and Fleas Collected from Rural Peruvian Households
Authors: Rizzo María F. , Osikowicz Lynn , Cáceres Abraham G. , Luna-Caipo Violeta D. , Suarez-Puyen Segundo M. , Bai Ying , Kosoy Michael
Published: October 2019

In the present study, we tested 391 fleas collected from guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) (241 Pulex species, 110 Ctenocephalides felis, and 40 Tiamastus cavicola) and 194 fleas collected from human bedding and clothing (142 Pulex species, 43 C. felis, five T. cavicola, and four Ctenocephalides canis) for the presence of Bartonella DNA. We also tested 83 blood spots collected on Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards from guinea pigs inhabiting 338 Peruvian households. Bartonella DNA was detected in 81 (20.7%) of 391 guinea pig fleas, in five (2.6%) of 194 human fleas, and in 16 (19.3%) of 83 guinea pig blood spots. Among identified Bartonella species, B. rochalimae was the most prevalent in fleas (89.5%) and the only species found in the blood spots from guinea pigs. Other Bartonella species detected in fleas included B. henselae (3.5%), B. clarridgeiae (2.3%), and an undescribed Bartonella species (4.7%). Our results demonstrated a high prevalence of zoonotic B. rochalimae in households in rural areas where the research was conducted and suggested a potential role of guinea pigs as a reservoir of this bacterium.
Direct Estimation of Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum Rapid Diagnostic Test for Active Case Detection in a High-Transmission Community Setting
Authors: Taylor Steve M. , Sumner Kelsey M. , Freedman Betsy , Mangeni Judith N. , Obala Andrew A. , Prudhomme O’Meara Wendy
Published: October 2019

Community-based active case detection of malaria parasites with conventional rapid diagnostic tests (cRDTs) is a strategy used most commonly in low-transmission settings. We estimated the sensitivity of this approach in a high-transmission setting in Western Kenya. We tested 3,547 members of 912 households identified in 2013–2014 by index children with (case) and without (control) cRDT-positive malaria. All were tested for Plasmodium falciparum with both a cRDT targeting histidine-rich protein 2 and with an ultrasensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We computed cRDT sensitivity against PCR as the referent, compared prevalence between participant types, and estimated cRDT detectability as a function of PCR-estimated parasite density. Parasite prevalence was 22.9% by cRDTs and 61.5% by PCR. Compared with children aged < 5 years or adults aged > 15 years, geometric mean parasite densities (95% CI) were highest in school-age children aged 5–15 years (8.4 p/uL; 6.6–10.6). The overall sensitivity of cRDT was 36%; among asymptomatic household members, cRDT sensitivity was 25.5% and lowest in adults aged > 15 years (15.8%). When modeled as a function of parasite density, relative to school-age children, the probability of cRDT positivity was reduced in both children aged < 5 years (odds ratio [OR] 0.48; 95% CI: 0.34–0.69) and in adults aged > 15 years (OR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.27–0.47). An HRP2-detecting cRDT had poor sensitivity for active P. falciparum case detection in asymptomatic community members, and sensitivity was lowest in highly prevalent low-density infections and in adults. Future studies can model the incremental effects of high-sensitivity rapid diagnostic tests and the impacts on transmission.
Host Competency of the Multimammate Rat Mastomys natalensis Demonstrated by Prolonged Spirochetemias with the African Relapsing Fever Spirochete Borrelia crocidurae
Authors: Boardman Kristin , Rosenke Kyle , Safronetz David , Feldmann Heinz , Schwan Tom G.
Published: October 2019

African multimammate rats, Mastomys natalensis, are widely distributed in sub-Saharan Africa and live in close association with humans. In West Africa, numerous field studies have shown these animals may be naturally infected with the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia crocidurae, the primary cause of tick-borne relapsing fever in this region of the continent. However, naturally infected individual rats have never been examined over time; therefore, the true host competency of these rats for this spirochete is unknown. Therefore, using animals from an established laboratory colony of M. natalensis, rats were experimentally infected with B. crocidurae and their blood examined to 28 days postinoculation. These animals were highly susceptible to infection and displayed prolonged and cyclic spirochetemias. Our results demonstrate these peridomestic rodents are likely competent hosts for infecting argasid tick vectors and play a primary role in the enzootic cycle for B. crocidurae in West Africa.
Recovery Attachment Points for Passenger Cars, Vans, and Light Trucks
Authors:   Motor Vehicle Council
Published: October 2019

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended to provide guidelines to the vehicle manufacturer for applying recovery attachment points on vehicles rated up to 3178 kg (7000 lb) GVW, such as passenger cars, vans, and light trucks.
Design, Dissemination, and Assessment of NephSIM: A Mobile-Optimized Nephrology Teaching Tool
Authors: Farouk Samira S. , Hilburg Rachel , Sparks Matthew A.
Published: October 2019

Background

Digital innovations have the potential to enhance current graduate medical education strategies.

Objective

We assessed the scope, reach, and effectiveness of Nephrology Simulator (NephSIM), a free, mobile-optimized, nephrology educational tool designed to teach pathophysiology with a diagnostic approach using interactive cases.

Methods

NephSIM, launched in June 2018, was designed as a mobile-optimized website with peer-reviewed content in WordPress. Content, including interactive cases with iterative feedback, infographics, and tutorials, was developed by nephrology fellows and attending nephrologists. The teaching tool was shared via an e-mail subscriber list and Twitter. Website usage data and Twitter analytics were reviewed. Case content was categorized, and the case completion rate was calculated. A self-report survey was sent to subscribers to assess their demographics and experience.

Results

Thirty-four cases have been published to date and represent a variety of nephrology topics. There have been 100 745 page views between June 2018 and June 2019, representing 17 922 unique visitors from more than 100 countries. There are 1929 accounts that follow NephSIM on Twitter. Tweets received 124 200 impressions and a 3% engagement rate. Median case completion rate was 69% (interquartile range 64%–78%). Our survey response rate was 17% (76 of 445). Nearly all NephSIM users rated the platform highly in terms of satisfaction and usability, and planned to continue using in the future.

Conclusions

The development of a mobile-optimized, case-based teaching approach by nephrology fellows and faculty is feasible and has demonstrated global participation and high levels of learner satisfaction.
Mínimos teatros: poesia contemporânea e ética
Authors: Glenadel Paula
Published: October 2019

Este artigo interroga as possibilidades éticas abertas por uma aproximação entre a poesia e o teatro, tal como especulada por Stéphane Mallarmé. Na confluência dessas duas práticas artísticas, encontra-se uma certa escrita contemporânea que se sabe assombrada por múltiplas vozes (como os trabalhos de Valère Novarina, Nathalie Quintane, Carlito Azevedo e Sérgio Medeiros) e que produz peças em que a linguagem assume o comando da ação e poemas em que o entrelaçar de alteridades discursivas constitui o modo enunciativo, configurando um mínimo teatro da ética, no sentido em que ela abre a cena do pensamento para a entrada de um outro desconhecido, por vir, segundo uma perspectiva cara a Jacques Derrida.