bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reaction Time and Visible White Matter Lesions in Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Richards Emma , Bayer Antony , Hanley Claire , Norris Jade E. , Tree Jeremy J. , Tales Andrea
Published: October 2019

Slowed behavioral reaction time is associated with pathological brain changes, including white matter lesions, the common clinical characteristic of subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (SIVCI). In the present study, reaction time (RT) employing Trails B of the Trail Making Test, with responses capped at 300 s, was investigated in SIVCI ( n = 27) compared to cognitively healthy aging (CH) ( n = 26). RT was significantly slowed in SIVCI compared to CH (Cohen’s d effect size = 1.26). Furthermore, failure to complete Trails B within 300 s was also a characteristic of SIVCI although some ostensibly cognitively healthy older adults also failed to complete within this time limit. Within the SIVCI group, RT did not differ significantly with respect to whether the patients were classified as having moderate/severe or mild, periventricular white matter changes visible on their diagnostic CT/MRI scans. This, together with the high degree of overlap in RT between the two SIVCI subgroups, raises the possibility that using visible ratings scales in isolation may lead to the underestimation of disease level.
Epigenetic Control of Rho-Associated Protein Kinase 2 in Neurodegeneration
Authors: Chen Bing , Zheng Weiming
Published: October 2019

Upregulation of Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) hallmarks the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of ROCK2 expression are not clear and thus addressed in the current study. We generated a subacute model of Parkinson’s disease in mice with a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) method. The MPTP model was validated by impaired rotational behavior of the mice upon apomorphine exposure, astrocytic activation, and reduction in tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive neurons in the mouse striatum. Moreover, MPTP induced increases in ROCK2 protein but not in ROCK2 mRNA. Further analysis showed that MPTP inhibited the expression of microRNA-291 (miR-291), which suppressed ROCK2 mRNA via 3’-UTR-binding in neuronal cells to increase ROCK2 protein. Intracranial injection of miR-291 four days before MPTP alleviated the impaired rotational behavior of the mice upon apomorphine exposure, MPTP-induced astrocytic activation, and the reduction in tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive neurons in the mouse striatum. Together, these data suggest that miR-291 has a protective role in neurodegeneration, likely through regulation of ROCK2.
Evolving Epidemiologic Trends of Renal Cell Cancer by Histologic Subtype: An Updated Analysis of the California Cancer Registry
Authors: Parikh Mamta , Huynh Jasmine C. , Brunson Ann , Keegan Theresa , Lara Primo N.
Published: October 2019

Background:

While most renal cell carcinomas (RCC) are of the clear cell subtype, other histologic subtypes are well described and have distinct clinical behavior. This study seeks to evaluate survival of clear and non-clear cell RCC retrospectively from a large, population-based cancer registry.

Objectives:

The key objectives of this study were to determine cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) of RCC by histologic subtype and to examine survival by histologic subtype since the advent of anti-angiogenesis therapy in 2006.

Methods:

Within the California Cancer Registry (CCR), we used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to assess the association of histologic subtype with CSS and OS, adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical factors.

Results:

In the CCR, 33,539 RCC patients were diagnosed between 2004 and 2014. The most common subtype, clear cell RCC, comprised 82.6% ( n = 27,717) of cases. The next most common subtypes were papillary (8.8%, 2,948) and chromophobe (5.2%, 1,759). RCC was more common in men (62.9%, 21,097) compared to women (37.1%, 12,442). Across histologic subtypes, patients with low neighborhood socioeconomic status had lower CSS (HR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.13, p = 0.011) and OS (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.10–1.19, p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, we observed an interaction between histologic subtype and CSS, finding that patients in the anti-angiogenesis treatment era with clear cell had a significant improvement in CSS (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.82–0.92, p < 0.001) as did patients with collecting duct subtype (HR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.12–0.51, p < 0.001), while there were no differences in outcomes over time among patients with chromophobe or papillary subtypes. After 2006, compared to clear cell subtype, patients with chromophobe subtype had a better CSS (HR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.30–0.53, p < 0.001), while those with collecting duct carcinomas had a poorer CSS (HR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.29–2.59, p = 0.001).

Conclusions:

In the era following anti-angiogenesis therapy development, patients with chromophobe subtype RCC continue to have a better prognosis compared with clear cell RCC, and patients with collecting duct subtype continue to have a significantly worse prognosis, with more advanced disease at diagnosis. There have been improvements in CSS in patients with clear cell and collecting duct subtypes since the advent of anti-angiogenesis therapy.
The collective labor force
Authors: Of the Journal Editorial board
Published: October 2019

The collective labor force
The Role of Financial Ratios to Detecting Financial Distress in Retail Trade Sector Company in 2017
Authors: Fajriana Nadia , Kaluge David
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membentuk sebuah model dalam memprediksi adanya kesulitan keuangan yang diproksikan dengan rasio ROA, rasio lancar, rasio kas, rasio hutang, rasio hutang terhadap ekuitas, rasio net profit margin, dan rasio perputaran persediaan pada perusahaan sub sektor perdagangan eceran pada tahun 2017 yang dikategorikan menjadi 3 kelompok perusahaan yang berkategori sehat, gray area, dan terindikasi financial distress. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Diskriminan dengan sampel pada perusahaan sub sektor perdagangan eceran pada tahun 2017 sebanyak 23 perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio ROA dapat digunakan untuk membentuk model dalam memprediksi adanya kesulitan keuangan yang dikategorikan dalam 3 kelompok.
Subject Review : Key Generation in Different Cryptography Algorithm
Authors: Abdalrdha Zainab Khyioon , AL-Qinani Iman Hussein , Abbas Farah Neamah
Published: October 2019

The importance of encryption in most organizations, therefore, it became necessary to encrypt data because data security is an essential component in order to maintain the security of data and information in various institutions. Encryption also helps to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data during transmission through communication channels. Given the importance of the keys used in encryption as a key part in the strength of the algorithm and increase its security in most encryption algorithms, thus generating the key in many research the most important part in data encryption and its importance lies in the non-duplication of keys to ensure better results and theoretically impossible to break. In this paper, we try to describe and review many of the papers that were used to create the keys and compare them with each other.
Design and Fabrication of Water Phantom for Treatment Verification in High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy of the Cervix
Authors: Avevor Justice , Amoako Joseph , Amoako George , Tagoe Samuel Nii
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study is to design and fabricate a local anatomical water phantom for dose distribution measurements during high dose rate brachytherapy of the cervix. Phantoms for dosimetry are used when there is a need to simulate the conditions of a procedure to measure dose at certain points of interest. It is dangerous to place a human being in a beam for dose measurements. Perspex (PMMA) sheets of thickness 6mm and 10mm were used for fabricating the phantom. The phantom designed is curved in shape with a predominantly 6mm thickness of the perspex material. It has a height of 41cm and breadth 31cm. The pieces of perspex material were glued to each other using Trichloromethane (chloroform) at room temperature. It is an organic compound with the formula CHCI3. A perspex sheet of 10mm was used to make one end of the phantom thicker than the other. This was done to support the reconstruction box. Two thin film holder slabs of dimensions 31.5 ×2.8 ?cm?^2 were fabricated by joining two sheets of 6 mm perspex together with the chloroform. A small cavity of 2.8 × 2.5 cm2 was created in the slab to represent the bladder and the rectum (organs at risk). These same cavities are meant to hold the detectors (films) in place for the measurement of dose to the organs at risk. The film holders with the cavities were then positioned vertically, but anterior and posterior to each other. Another holder, rectangular in shape was fabricated to hold the film holders. This holder was made from perspex sheets of thickness 6mm and 10mm with dimensions of 6.8 × 6.8 cm2. This is to allow for the distances between the bladder and the rectum to be varied during the dose measurements. It must be noted that the anatomical distance between the bladder and the rectum which are posterior and anterior to the cervix vary from patients to patients. Special clamping devices were fabricated to hold the applicators in a firm position during the intracavitary brachytherapy insertions. These special clamps were made by joining perspex of 10mm thickness in a cuboid shape; a hole was drilled in them to enable a plastic screw to lock the applicators.The relative electron density of the phantom designed was determined to be 1.069 which is comparable to water. This makes the phantom suitable for dose distribution measurements.
Using Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopes to Evaluate Parrotfish Diet
Authors: Gerona Maria Elisa , Evacitas Florence
Published: October 2019

With limited inconclusive data provided by gut content analysis, stable isotope analysis has recently emerged to validate trophic position and dietary intake. In this study, a dual isotope approach was used to reveal parrotfish feeding. Comparisons of δ13C and δ15N values of muscle and liver among yellow barred (Scarus dimidiatus), rosy cheek (S. psittacus), and blue-barred (S. ghobban) parrotfishes from Canigao Island, Matalom, Leyte were made to track dietary shifting and to compare dietary carbon intake. Trophic assignment was based on the assumption that consumers are enriched by a factor of 3-4‰ for δ15N, relative to their diet. The δ13C values of muscle tissues of the three species of parrotfish were significantly higher (p=0.001) than those of their liver suggesting dietary shifting. The δ13C values of both muscle and liver tissues of S. dimidiatus were significantly (p<0.001) higher than those of S. psittacus and S. ghobban, but δ13C values of muscle and liver of S. psittacus and S. ghobban did not vary significantly. These mean that S. dimidiatus have different long term and recent dietary carbon intake compared to the other two species, while S. psittacus and S. ghobban have relatively the same dietary carbon intake. Considering the 1‰ δ13C trophic enrichment of consumers relative to their diet, possible dietary carbon sources of the sampled parrotfish include Dendronephthya spp., Ulva reticulata, Sargassum oligocystum, Dictyota sp., Digenea sp., Chlorodesmis sp., and Sargassum muticum suggesting that parrotfishes are generalist consumers. Mean stable isotope nitrogen ratios of S. dimidiatus (5.9‰), S. psittacus (6.9‰) and S. ghobban (6.7‰) together with their carbon isotope ratios confirmed that all sampled parrotfish species are generalist primary consumers.
Effect of storage conditions on cellulose nanocrystal stability
Authors: BECK STEPHANIE , BOUCHARD JEAN
Published: October 2019

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have evolved from a laboratory curiosity to an industrial material manufactured at a scale of up to 1 ton/day. Such large quantities of CNCs will inevitably be stored for different lengths of time before shipping and use. The chemical and physical stability of CNCs during long-term storage under various conditions was monitored. As-produced acidic H-CNCs and neutral salt form Na-CNCs were stored at ambient temperature and at 4°C as never-dried suspensions, and as a freeze-dried solid in the case of Na-CNCs. A variety of parameters were measured at intervals during the storage period. The CNC sulfate half-ester content, the cellulose chain length, and the unique optical properties of CNC films were of particular interest. Changes in these parameters were analyzed to determine the kinetics of long-term CNC degradation and establish the shelf-life of CNCs under different storage conditions.
Market projections of cellulose nanomaterial-enabled products ? Part 1: Applications
Authors: SHATKIN JO ANNE , H. WEGNER THEODORE , BILEK E.M. (TED) , COWIE JOHN
Published: October 2019

Nanocellulose provides a new materials platform for the sustainable production of high-performance nano-enabled products in an array of applications. In this paper, potential applications for cellulose nanomaterials are identified as the first step toward estimating market volume. The overall study, presented in two parts, estimates market volume on the basis of estimated tonnage of cellulose nanomaterials rather than the dollar value of production or profits from production. In this paper, we first identified potential uses from literature, presentations, and patent reviews, and then categorized these under the broad headings of high-volume, low-volume, and emerging/novel applications. For each application, the rationale for using nanocellulose is explained. The companion paper, Part 2, explains the assumptions and calculation of application-specific market estimates. High- and low-volume consumption applications of cellulose nanomaterials were identified from published data as well as expert input. We categorized potential market sizes as high or low by considering applications where cellulose nanomaterials would replace existing materials and be used at a published or estimated rate for some fraction of an entire existing market. Novel applications for cellulose nanomaterials that are presently considered niche markets are also identified, but volumes were not estimated because of a lack of published supporting data. Annual U.S. market potential for identified applications of nanocellulose is estimated as 6.4 million metric tons, with a global market potential of 35 million metric tons. The greatest volume potential for use of cellulose nanomaterials is currently in paper and packaging applications. Other potentially high-volume uses are in the automotive, construction, personal care, and textile sectors.
ПРОБЛЕМНІ ПИТАННЯ НАДІЙНОСТІ ПОРОШКОВИХ ЗАСОБІВ ПОЖЕЖОГАСІННЯ І ШЛЯХИ ЇХ ВИРІШЕННЯ
Authors: Kavetskyi V , Biloshytskyi M , Yeremenko S , Pruskyi A , Kopylnyi M , Korniienko O
Published: October 2019

Проведено аналіз проблемних питань забезпечення надійності порошкових засобів пожежогасіння: забезпечення надійності якості вогнегасних порошків під час їхнього виготовлення, зберігання і застосування, забезпечення якості, надійності використання, безпеки використання порошкових вогнегасників. Проаналізовано вплив на якість вогнегасних порошків хімічного складу, встановлено оптимальні концентрації компонентів вогнегасного складу, які забезпечують якість вогнегасних порошків. Проаналізовано вплив введення у дію Закону України "Про стандартизацію" (2014 рік), яким відмінено обов’язкову державну реєстрацію стандартів і ТУ, а також запровадження добровільності їх застосування, на якість і надійність застосування порошкових засобів пожежогасіння. Запропоновано шляхи покращення якості вогнегасних порошків і порошкових вогнегасників і підвищення надійності гасіння ними пожеж.
The Western Spread of Permic Hydronyms
Authors: Rahkonen Pauli
Published: October 2019

The present study describes ancient Permian settlement history in the light of onomastics. The principal aim of this onomastic survey is to determine the westernmost boundary of Permic hydronyms. A secondary aim is to distinguish different ancient Permian groups from one another, since the hydronyms suggest that there have possibly been four different kinds of Permian groups during the Middle Ages: Udmurt, Komi, northwestern (?Komi dialect) and Meščёra. To some extent, folklore, historical data and the history of different linguistic contacts have also been taken into account. The onomastic exploration has concentrated on the most usual Permic stems and Udmurt formants. In addition, the generic form -jug(a) has been examined.
Noch einmal über die Verwandten der ungarischen Sprache
Authors: Mantila Harri
Published: October 2019

László Honti: Anyanyelvünk atyafiságáról és a nyelvrokonság ismérveiről. Tények és vágyak. [Über die Verwandtschaft unserer Muttersprache und die Merkmale der Sprachverwandtschaft. Fakten und Hoffnungen.] Budapest: Tinta könyvkiadó 2012.
Kannistos wogulische Sprachsammlung endlich vollständig publiziert!
Authors: Honti László
Published: October 2019

Artturi Kannisto – Vuokko Eiras – Arto Moisio: Wogulisches Wörterbuch. Gesammelt und geordnet von A. K., bearbeitet von V. E., herausgegeben von A. M. Lexica Societatis Fenno-Ugricae XXXV. Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen julkaisuja 173. Helsinki: Société Finno-Ougrienne – Kotimaisten kielten keskus 2013. 961 S.
Dies und das über die Sprachen der Welt
Authors: Laakso Johanna
Published: October 2019

Ernst Kausen: Die Sprachfamilien der Welt. Teil I: Europa und Asien. Hamburg: Buske 2013. XXXV + 1052 S.
Decoloración fotocatalítica del Rojo de Alizarina S empleando nanocatalizadores de hierro
Authors: Lerici Laura Carolina , Varela Lopez Claudio , Leal Marchena Candelaria , Vinuesa Ariel , Diguilio Eliana , Renzini María S. , Campos Figueroa Cristian
Published: October 2019

Los colorantes constituyen una clase importante de compuestos orgánicos que encuentran numerosas aplicaciones en nuestra vida cotidiana. El teñido produce efluentes que contienen entre el 10 y 15% del colorante que finalmente se depositan en los cuerpos de agua. Se sintetizaron y caracterizaron nanotubos de alúmina impregnados con 2, 6 y 10 % de hierro (Fe-NT), para ser empleados en la decoloración fotocatalítica del Rojo de Alizarina S (ARS). Por DRX se verificaron las señales características de la γ-Al2O3. El área superficial disminuyó con el aumento del contenido hierro oscilando entre 87 y 116 m2/g. La presencia de hierro fue confirmada por Absorción Atómica. Además, por TEM, se confirmó la estructura tipo nanotubo. Los materiales fueron evaluados catalíticamente en la decoloración del ARS obteniendo porcentajes de decoloración del 50% para el Fe-NT 2% y 85-90 % para los nanotubos con 6 y 10 % de hierro, respectivamente.
PENDIDIKAN UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Simanjuntak Familia Novita
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTSustainable development urges to merge the three complex dimensions: global economy, global society and physically earth environment. Sachs (2015) states that sustainable development is the expert effort to comprehend the world and the method to solve the crowded earth issues by the global population growth that nine times increase than the first industry era. Education is one of fatal element for sustainable development phase especially for the human (society) development. Human development becomes the main core of invesment for economy development because it is prepared for the youngst as the next generation to develop economic improvement individually for their family and also for their community (include for the Stateâ€™s development interest). Marshall, Hine and East (2017) studied about the education which develop the autonomous motivation to support individu execute the pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs). This autonomous motivation will establish the environmental attitude and personality in decision making and action of sustainable environment protection and preservation.Keywords: sustainable development, education, pro-environmental behaviors

ABSTRAKPembangunan berkelanjutan berupaya untuk mengkaitkan tiga sistem yang rumit yaitu sistem ekonomi dunia, sistem sosial dunia dan lingkungan fisik bumi. Sachs (2015) menyatakan bahwa pembangunan berkelanjutan menjadi cara para pakar untuk memahami dunia dan sebuah metode untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dunia yang berawal dari sesaknya bumi akibat pertumbuhan penduduk dunia yang sudah mencapai sembilan kali lebih banyak dari populasi manusia yang hidup pada jaman dimulainya revolusi industri. Pendidikan adalah salah satu komponen yang penting dalam proses pembangunan berkelanjutan terutama pembangunan yang terkait manusia (sosial). Pembangunan manusia menjadi bagian vital dari investasi yang dibutuhkan dalam pembangunan ekonomi karena merupakan jalur investasi yang disiapkan untuk anak-anak sebagai generasi penerus yang akan melanjutkan perbaikan ekonomi baik secara individu bagi keluarganya maupun secara berkelompok bagi komunitasnya (termasuk kepentingan pembangunan di Negaranya). Penelitian Marshall, Hine and East (2017) menyatakan bahwa pendidikan dapat membentuk dorongan dari dalam setiap individu untuk melakukan perilaku pro lingkungan hidup (pro-environmental behaviours). Dorongan dari dalam individu ini secara otonomi membentuk watak dan karakter yang ramah lingkungan untuk membuat keputusan dan bertindak yang melindungi dan menjaga keberlanjutan lingkungan hidup.Kata kunci: pembangunan berkelanjutan, pendidikan, pro-environmental beharviors
IS TEACHER-MADE TEST STILL NEEDED FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS? TASKS AND CONSIDERATIONS
Authors: Male Hendrikus , Murniarti Erni
Published: October 2019

Abstrak

Tulisan ini merupakan salah satu upaya untuk membahas tugas dan pertimbangan dari peran tes yang dibuat guru sebagai salah satu bentuk evaluasi dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar bagi mahasiswa. Hal ini juga diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dan manfaat bagi para guru bahasa Inggris, pembuat tes atau para praktisi untuk mendorong mereka dalam membuat tes yang memenuhi syarat tanpa mengabaikan prosedur standar untuk membuat tes yang baik. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi tentang mengapa tes yang baik diperlukan dan harus diperhatikan oleh pembuat tes mengenai keandalan, keajegan, dan kepraktisannya dalam merancang tes yang baik (lihat Brown, 2004). Kata kunci: evaluasi, reliabilitas, validitas, kepraktisan, tes yang baik

ABSTRACT

This paper is an attempt to discuss the tasks and considerations of the role of teacher-made test as one type of the evaluation in teaching and learning 82activities for university students. It is also expected to give contributions and benefits to the English teachers, test makers or practitioners to encourage them in making a qualified test without neglecting the standard procedure of making a good test. The aim of this article is to provide information about why good test is needed and has to be noticed by the test makers regarding its reliability, validity, and practicality of designing a good test (see Brown, 2004).Keywords: evaluation, reliability, validity, practicality, good test
Tax Intermediaries Management: A Review of Three Jurisdictions
Authors: Aniyie Ifeanyichukwu Azuka
Published: October 2019

The recent spate of media leaks has brought tax intermediaries and their role in tax avoidance (and evasion) schemes employed by taxpayers around the world to the forefront of collective consciousness. Hence the prevalent opinion is that there is no ‘tax dodge’ without an intermediary. This makes them a force to be reckoned with in the global tax sphere. It is against this background that this article appraises the role of tax intermediaries from a theoretical and factual perspective as well as providing the framework for their regulation and management in Nigeria, and comparatively assess the Nigerian situation against that of Kenya and South Africa. The article concludes that the situation in Nigeria is not at par with that in comparator jurisdictions. To improve the situation, it recommends that the registration and licensing of tax intermediaries (favoured by Kenya and South Africa) and the institutionalisation of a reporting regime (favoured by South Africa and recommended by the OECD/G20 in its BEPS Action 12 report) be made part of the framework for the management of tax intermediary practice in Nigeria via legislation.
Self-Determination and Territorial Integrity: Southern Cameroons and the Republic of Cameroun
Authors: Chiatoh Valerie Muguoh
Published: October 2019

African states and institutions believe that the principle of territorial integrity is applicable to sub-state groups and limits their right to self-determination, contrary to international law. The Anglophone Problem in Cameroon has been an ever-present issue of social, political and economic debates in the country, albeit most times in undertones. This changed as the problem metamorphosed into an otherwise preventable devastating armed conflict with external self-determination having become very popular among the Anglophone People. This situation brings to light the drawbacks of irregular decolonisation, third world colonialism and especially the relationship between self-determination and territorial integrity in Africa.
The (Non) Enforcement of the Right to a Fair Trial with Regard to the Admissibility of Evidence Obtained through Human Rights Violations: A Comment on Uganda's Human Rights (Enforcement) Act 2019
Authors: Nanima Robert Doya
Published: October 2019

The enactment of the Human Rights (Enforcement) Act comes at a time when the Constitution of the Republic of Uganda 1995 and national legislation remain silent on the issue of dealing with evidence obtained through human rights violations. The exception is in the Prohibition and Prevention of Torture Act of 2012 that deals with the admissibility of evidence obtained through torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment. This lack of clarity has been exacerbated by the limited scope in the decisions handed down by courts. This comment argues that the new law does not effectively deal with the enforcement of an accused's right to a fair trial due to lack of a statutory provision to deal with evidence obtained through human rights violations. To substantiate this position, the comment provides the current position of the law on evidence obtained through human rights violations. This is followed by an evaluation of the relevant provisions of the new law. Finally, proposals on the way forward are offered.
TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ YABANCI ÖĞRENCİ SORUNLARINA İLGİLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: POLATCAN Faruk
Published: October 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yabancı öğrenci sorunlarına

ilgilerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesidir. Nicel yöntemlerden tarama modelinde

yürütülen araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Polatcan, Bozkırlı ve Er (2018) tarafından 5’li

likert tipinde geliştirilen “Yabancı Uyruklu Öğrenci Sorunları İlgi Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Ölçek

kültürel sorunlara ilgi 7 madde, sosyoekonomik sorunlara ilgi 6 madde, ders dışı sorunlara ilgi 5

madde ve ders içi sorunlara ilgi 3 madde olmak üzere 4 faktör ve 21 maddeden oluşmaktadır.

Araştırmanın evrenini, 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında Sinop Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi

Türkçe Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalınde öğrenim gören 167 Türkçe öğretmeni adayı oluşturmaktadır.

Araştırmanın örneklemini ise ölçeği gönüllü olarak dolduran 126 Türkçe öğretmeni adayı

oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem oluşturulurken uygun örneklem yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Türkçe

öğretmeni adaylarının yabancı öğrenci sorunlarına ilgi düzeyi ortalamalarının 3,67 olduğu

görülmüştür. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde istatistik paket programının kullanıldığı

araştırmanın sonucunda Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yabancı uyruklu öğrenci sorunlarına

yüksek düzeyde ilgi duydukları; fakat ilgilerinin cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi ile yabancı uyruklu

arkadaşa sahip olup / olmama durumlarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde

farklılaşmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarından yabancı öğrenci sorunlarına

ilgileri yabancı dil bilme değişkenine göre istatistiksel olarak farklılaşmamaktadır. Buna karşın

öğretmen adaylarından yabancı dil bilenlerin yabancı dil bilmeyenlere göre öğrenci sorunlarıyla

daha fazla ilgili oldukları tespit edilmiştir
ÇALIŞANLARIN ÖRGÜTSEL DESTEK ALGILARININ İŞTEN AYRILMA NİYETİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİNDE ÖRGÜTSEL ÖZDEŞLEŞMENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ
Authors: SERİNİKLİ Nilüfer
Published: October 2019

Nitelikli çalışanların işe alınmasının yanı sıra, işten ayrılma niyetlerinin azaltılması ve

üyesi olduğu işletme ile özdeşleşmelerinin sağlanması da bir o kadar önemli hale gelmiştir.

Çalışanların işten ayrılma niyeti düzeylerini ve örgütsel özdeşleşme düzeylerini etkileyen önemli

faktörlerden biri algılanan örgütsel destektir. Algılanan örgütsel destek, çalışanların üyesi

oldukları işletmeler tarafından değer görerek kendilerini güvende hissetmeleridir.

Araştırmanın amacı, çalıaşnlardaki örgütsel destek algısının işten ayrılma niyetine

etkisinde örgütsel özdeşleşmenin aracılık rolünün olup olmadığını saptamaktır. Bu amaçla,

araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturan Edirne ilinde faaliyet gösteren yağ işletmelerinde ki, 193

çalışandan anket aracılığıyla veriler elde edilmiştir.

Elde edilen veriler, betimleyici ve korelasyon analizleri ile incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, algılanan

örgütsel destek ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkide örgütsel özdeşleşmenin aracılık etkisini

incelemek için, Baron ve Kenny (1986) tarafından önerilen dört aşamalı regresyon analizinden

ve Sobel Testi’nden yararlanılmıştır.

Aratşırma bulgularına göre, algılanan örgütsel destek işten ayrılma niyetini negatif

yönde, aracı değişken olan örgütsel özdeşlemeyi ise pozitif yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.

Bunun yanı sıra, örgütsel özdeşleşmenin işten ayrılma niyetini negatif yönde etkilediği sonucuna

ulaşılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda, çalışanların örgütsel destek algıları ile iĢten ayrılma niyetleri

arasındaki ilişkide örgütsel özdeşleşmenin kısmi aracılık etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
MESLEK AŞKI VE MUTLULUK İLİŞKİSİ: İŞİN ANLAMININ ROLÜ
Authors: UZUNBACAK Hasan Hüseyin , AKÇAKANAT Tahsin , ERHAN Tuğba
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada meslek aşkı ile mutluluk ve işin anlamı kavramları arasındaki ilişki ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca, bu ilişkide işin anlamının üstlendiği rol de araştırmaya konu edilmiştir. Araştırma iki farklı örneklem ile iki farklı zaman diliminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Buna göre, birinci örneklem kitlesi Antalya ilinde özel hastanelerde görev yapan 205 hemşireden oluşmuştur. İkinci örneklem grubu ise Isparta’da devlete bağlı sağlık kuruluşlarında görev yapan 293 hemşireden meydana gelmiştir. Birinci örneklem grubu ile Dik ve arkadaşları (2012) tarafından geliştirilen Kısa Meslek Aşkı Ölçeği’nin Türk kültürüne uyarlama işlemi gerçekleştirilmiş olup, ölçek geçerli ve güvenilir bulunmuştur. İkinci örneklem grubu ile gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, birinci çalışmada Türkçe’ye uyarlaması yapılan Kısa Meslek Aşkı Ölçeği, Abdel-Khalek (2006) tarafından geliştirilen Mutluluk Ölçeği ve Steger ve arkadaşları (2012) tarafından geliştirilen İşin Anlamı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS ve AMOS programları kullanılarak yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ile analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, meslek aşkının boyutlarından birisi olan meslek aşkı varlığının hem mutluluk hem de işin anlamı ile pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı ilişkisi tespit edilirken, meslek aşkı arayışı boyutunun ise bu değişkenlerle anlamlı bir ilişkisi tespit edilememiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca, meslek aşkı varlığı boyutunun mutluluk üzerine etkisinde işin anlamının aracılık rolü üstlendiği de görülmüştür. Meslek aşkı arayışı boyutunun ise bu ilişkide herhangi bir rol oynamadığı da ulaşılan bulgular arasındadır. Elde edilen bulgular, yazın kapsamında tartışılıp, önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
TELEVİZYONDA YAYINLANAN KAMU SPOTLARININ HALKI BİLGİLENDİRMEDEKİ YERİ VE ÖNEMİ: KONYA ÖRNEĞİNDE AMPİRİK BİR ÇALİŞMA
Authors: ATAŞCI Nigar , CANÖZ Kadir
Published: October 2019

Kurum ve kuruluşlar; iletişim faaliyetlerini yürütmek için çeşitli araçlara başvurmaktadır. Teknolojinin gelişmesiyle sayısı artan bu araçlardan biri de televizyonda yayınlanan kamu spotlarıdır. Kamuyu bilgilendirmede son zamanlarda, özellikle kâr amacı gütmeyen kurumlarca oldukça aktif kullanılan kamu spotları, çeşitli amaçlar doğrultusunda hazırlanmaktadır. Bu amaçlar arasında; kamuyu bilgilendirme, toplum düzenini sağlama, yeni hizmetlerin duyurulması, kötü alışkanlıklarla mücadele vb. sayılabilir. Özellikle 2012 yılında RTÜK tarafın yayınlanan yönergeyle; kamu spotlarının ücretsiz olarak, tüm kanallarda yer alması zorunluluğu getirilmesiyle birlikte bu yayınların kullanımı artmıştır. Ancak kamu spotlarının amacına ulaşma noktasındaki başarısı, incelenmesi gereken bir konudur. Bu çalışma, kamu spotlarının iletişim amaçlarına ne denli hizmet ettiğinin tespiti ve halkın kamu spotlarına bakış açısının belirlenmesi amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Ayrıca kamu spotlarının bilgi verme ve davranış değişikliği gerçekleştirmede çeşitli değişkenlere bağlı olarak ne derece etkili olduğu incelenmiştir. Çalışmada; halkla ilişkiler, kamuyu bilgilendirme, kamu spotları kavramları üzerinde durulmuştur. Kamu spotları birçok açıdan ele alınmış ve örneklerle ve geçmiş çalışmalarla desteklenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında ele alınan konunun daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlamak ve yapılan araştırmanın çerçevesini çizmek için kamu spotları konuları bakımından kategorilere ayrılmıştır. Kamu spotlarının etkilerinin ve hedef kitle tarafından nasıl değerlendirildiğinin tespit edilmesi için Konya halkı üzerinde anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre çeşitli değişkenlere bağlı olmakla birlikte, kamu spotları halkı bilgilendirmede yeterli ve etkili bir araçtır.
AVRUPA'DA DOĞRUDAN YABANCI YATIRIMLAR, TURİZM VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ARASINDAKİ DİNAMIK BAĞLANTILAR
Authors: GÖVDELİ Tuncer
Published: October 2019

Bu belge, 19 Orta ve Doğu Avrupa ülkesini yıllık veriler kullanılarak 1995 ile 2017 dönemi için doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, turizm gelirleri, dışa açıklık ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki eşbütünleşme ve nedensellik ilişkisi araştırmıştır. Değişkenler arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Kısa dönem nedensellik analizi sonuçlarına göre; turizm gelirleri ile ekonomik büyüme arasında ve dışa açıklık ile ekonomik büyüme arasında çift yönlü nedensellik tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ekonomik büyüme doğrudan yabancı yatırımların nedenselidir. Uzun dönem nedensellik analiziz sonucuna göre ekonomik büyüme ile doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar arasında çift yönlü nedensellik vardır. elde edilen bulgulara göre, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, turizm gelirleri ve dışa açıklık ekonomik büyümeyi olumlu etkilediğinden, politika yapıcıların alacakları kararlarda bunlara dikkat etmesi gerekmektedir. Politika yapıcıların ekonomik büyümeyi hızlandırabilmesi için daha fazla doğrudan yabancı yatırımların ülkeye gelmesi için teşvikte bulunması gerekmektedir. Yatırımların, politik ve ekonomik istikrarı olan ülkelere kayacağı varsayıldığından, politika yapıcıların bu olguyu göz ardı etmemesi gerekmektedir. Yabancı yatırımları ülkeye çekme politikalarının devreye girerek, ekonomik büyümeye katkı sağlanması ve ekonomik değişkenliğin en aza indirgenmesi hedeflenmelidir. Turizme yapılacak yatırımların dikkatli seçilmesi, gelecek turist sayısını doğrudan etkileyecektir. Bu yüzden politika yapıcıların yatırımcılar ile birlikte çalışması gereklidir.
Special Issue on Advanced DSP Techniques for High-Capacity and Energy-Efficient Optical Fiber Communications
Authors: Pan Zhongqi , Yue Yang
Published: October 2019

The rapid proliferation of the Internet has been driving communication networks closer and closer to their limits, while available bandwidth is disappearing due to ever-increasing network loads [...]
Comparisons of Scotopic/Photopic Ratios Using 2- and 10-Degree Spectral Sensitivity Curves
Authors: Ding Jianhua , Yao Qi , Jiang Lei
Published: October 2019

Despite the fact that a 2-degree spectral sensitivity curve (SSC) is extensively used in scientific research and relevant applications, the choice between the 10-degree or the 2-degree photopic SSCs in practical applications for the calculation of scotopic/photopic ratios (S/P ratios) depends on actual needs. We examined S/P ratios for more than 300 light sources for correlated colour temperatures (CCTs) from 2000 K to 8000 K and blackbody radiant spectra from 10000 K to 45000 K using 2- and 10-degree SSCs. Results showed that the ratio of the S/P values calculated using the 10-degree and 2-degree SSCs was approximately equal to 0.916. The average mesopic luminance difference increased from 0% to 5.7% at a photopic adaptation luminance from 0.005 to 5 cd/m2. For most practical applications, the mesopic luminance values calculated using these two SSCs were different by several percentage units, yet these differences could be neglected. At extremely high CCTs over 10000 K, the mesopic luminance difference may approximate the maximum value of 16%. This work proposes the conversion coefficients for S/P ratios and the transforming mesopic luminance values calculated for 2- and 10-degree SSC systems. These results may help researchers clarify differences between the S/P ratios calculated using different SSCs.
Locating Multiple Sources of Contagion in Complex Networks under the SIR Model
Authors: Li Xiang , Liu Yangyang , Zhao Chengli , Zhang Xue , Yi Dongyun
Published: October 2019

Simultaneous outbreaks of contagion are a great threat against human life, resulting in great panic in society. It is urgent for us to find an efficient multiple sources localization method with the aim of studying its pathogenic mechanism and minimizing its harm. However, our ability to locate multiple sources is strictly limited by incomplete information about nodes and the inescapable randomness of the propagation process. In this paper, we present a valid approach, namely the Potential Concentration Label method, which helps locate multiple sources of contagion faster and more accurately in complex networks under the SIR(Susceptible-Infected-Recovered) model. Through label assignment in each node, our aim is to find the nodes with maximal value after several iterations. The experiments demonstrate that the accuracy of our multiple sources localization method is high enough. With the number of sources increasing, the accuracy of our method declines gradually. However, the accuracy remains at a slight fluctuation when average degree and network scale make a change. Moreover, our method still keeps a high multiple sources localization accuracy with noise of various intensities, which shows its strong anti-noise ability. I believe that our method provides a new perspective for accurate and fast multi-sources localization in complex networks.
Remote Monitoring of Vital Signs in Diverse Non-Clinical and Clinical Scenarios Using Computer Vision Systems: A Review
Authors: Khanam Fatema-Tuz-Zohra , Al-Naji Ali , Chahl Javaan
Published: October 2019

Techniques for noncontact measurement of vital signs using camera imaging technologies have been attracting increasing attention. For noncontact physiological assessments, computer vision-based methods appear to be an advantageous approach that could be robust, hygienic, reliable, safe, cost effective and suitable for long distance and long-term monitoring. In addition, video techniques allow measurements from multiple individuals opportunistically and simultaneously in groups. This paper aims to explore the progress of the technology from controlled clinical scenarios with fixed monitoring installations and controlled lighting, towards uncontrolled environments, crowds and moving sensor platforms. We focus on the diversity of applications and scenarios being studied in this topic. From this review it emerges that automatic multiple regions of interest (ROIs) selection, removal of noise artefacts caused by both illumination variations and motion artefacts, simultaneous multiple person monitoring, long distance detection, multi-camera fusion and accepted publicly available datasets are topics that still require research to enable the technology to mature into many real-world applications.
Spatial-Temporal Variability of Land Surface Dry Anomalies in Climatic Aspect: Biogeophysical Insight by Meteosat Observations and SVAT Modeling
Authors: Stoyanova Julia , Georgiev Christo , Neytchev Plamen , Kulishev Andrey
Published: October 2019

The spatial-temporal variability of drought occurrence over Bulgaria is characterized based on long-term records (2007–2018) of Meteosat information and the SVAT model-derived soil moisture availability index (referred to root zone depth, SMAI). Land surface temperature according to the satellite-derived Land Surface Analysis Satellite Application Facility Land Surface Temperature (LSASAF LST) product and SMAI were used to designate land surface state dry anomalies. The utility of LST for drought assessment is tested by statistical comparative analyses, applying two approaches, site-scale quantitative comparison, and evaluation of spatial-temporal consistency between SMAI and LST variability. Pearson correlation and regression modeling techniques were applied. The main results indicate for a synchronized behavior between SMAI and LST during dry spells, as follows: opposite mean seasonal course (March–October); high to strong negative monthly correlation for different microclimate regimes. Negative linear regressions between the anomalies of SMAI and LST (monthly mean), with a strong correlation in their spatial-temporal variability. Qualitative evaluation of spatial-temporal variability dynamics is analyzed using color maps. Drought-prone areas were identified on the bases of LST maps (monthly mean), and it is illustrated they are more vulnerable to vegetation burning as detected by the Meteosat FRP-PIXEL product. The current study provides an advanced framework for using LST retrievals based on IR satellite observations from the geostationary MSG satellite as an alternative tool to SMAI, whose calculation requires the input of many parameters that are not always available.
The Novel Direct Modulatory Effects of Perampanel, an Antagonist of AMPA Receptors, on Voltage-Gated Sodium and M-type Potassium Currents
Authors: Lai Ming-Chi , Tzeng Ray-Chang , Huang Chin-Wei , Wu Sheng-Nan
Published: October 2019

Perampanel (PER) is a selective blocker of AMPA receptors showing efficacy in treating various epileptic disorders including brain tumor-related epilepsy and also potential in treating motor neuron disease. However, besides its inhibition of AMPA-induced currents, whether PER has any other direct ionic effects in different types of neurons remains largely unknown. We investigated the effects of PER and related compounds on ionic currents in different types of cells, including hippocampal mHippoE-14 neurons, motor neuron-like NSC-34 cells and U87 glioma cells. We found that PER differentially and effectively suppressed the amplitude of voltage-gated Na+ currents (INa) in mHippoE-14 cells. The IC50 values required to inhibit peak and late INa were 4.12 and 0.78 μM, respectively. PER attenuated tefluthrin-induced increases in both amplitude and deactivating time constant of INa. Importantly, PER also inhibited the amplitude of M-type K+ currents (IK(M)) with an IC50 value of 0.92 μM. The suppression of IK(M) was attenuated by the addition of flupirtine or ZnCl2 but not by L-quisqualic acid or sorafenib. Meanwhile, in cell-attached configuration, PER (3 μM) decreased the activity of M-type K+ channels with no change in single-channel conductance but shifting the activation curve along the voltage axis in a rightward direction. Supportively, PER suppressed IK(M) in NSC-34 cells and INa in U87 glioma cells. The inhibitory effects of PER on both INa and IK(M), independent of its antagonistic effect on AMPA receptors, may be responsible for its wide-spectrum of effects observed in neurological clinical practice.
Is It Speech or Song? Effect of Melody Priming on Pitch Perception of Modified Mandarin Speech
Authors: Tsai Chen-Gia , Li Chia-Wei
Published: October 2019

Tonal languages make use of pitch variation for distinguishing lexical semantics, and their melodic richness seems comparable to that of music. The present study investigated a novel priming effect of melody on the pitch processing of Mandarin speech. When a spoken Mandarin utterance is preceded by a musical melody, which mimics the melody of the utterance, the listener is likely to perceive this utterance as song. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural substrates of this speech-to-song transformation. Pitch contours of spoken utterances were modified so that these utterances can be perceived as either speech or song. When modified speech (target) was preceded by a musical melody (prime) that mimics the speech melody, a task of judging the melodic similarity between the target and prime was associated with increased activity in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and superior/middle temporal gyrus (STG/MTG) during target perception. We suggest that the pars triangularis of the right IFG may allocate attentional resources to the multi-modal processing of speech melody, and the STG/MTG may integrate the phonological and musical (melodic) information of this stimulus. These results are discussed in relation to subvocal rehearsal, a speech-to-song illusion, and song perception.
Screening a Broad Range of Solid and Haematological Tumour Types for CD70 Expression Using a Uniform IHC Methodology as Potential Patient Stratification Method
Authors: Flieswasser Tal , Camara-Clayette Valérie , Danu Alina , Bosq Jacques , Ribrag Vincent , Zabrocki Piotr , Van Rompaey Luc , de Haard Hans , Zwaenepoel Karen , Smits Evelien , Pauwels Patrick , Jacobs Julie
Published: October 2019

The constitutive expression of CD70 has been described in various haematological and solid tumour types. In addition, the co-expression of its receptor in tumours has been demonstrated, mediating tumour cell proliferation. Although CD70 expression is a prerequisite to enrol patients in solid tumour clinical trials using anti-CD70 immunotherapy, there is currently no standardised test to evaluate CD70 expression. These differences in immunohistochemistry (IHC) protocols make it challenging to compare the expression levels that were obtained in different studies, pointing out the need for one uniform methodology. In this retrospective study, over 600 tumour samples from different solid and haematological malignancies were analysed while using one validated IHC method. CD70 and CD27 expression was demonstrated in a broad range of tumour types. In solid tumours, 43% demonstrated CD70 positivity with the highest degree in renal cell carcinoma (79.5%). Kaposi sarcoma showed no CD70 expression on the tumour cells. In lymphoma samples, 58% demonstrated CD70 positivity. Moreover, the co-expression of CD70 and CD27 was observed in 39% of lymphoma samples. These findings highlight the need to further explore anti-CD70 therapies in a broad range of CD70 expressing tumour types and in doing so, implementing one standardised protocol to define CD70 overexpression to use it as a diagnostic tool.