bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Content validity of the Profiles of Early Expressive Phonological Skills-Brazilian Portuguese (PEEPS-BP) - Expanded List
Authors: Simoni Simone Nicolini de , Morares Denis Altieri de Oliveira , Pagliarin Karina Carlesso , Keske-Soares Márcia
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose To carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of the Instrument Profiles of Early Expressive Phonological Skills- Brazilian Portuguese (PEEPS-BP) - Expanded list, performing content validation. Methods Cross-cultural, quantitative and cross- sectional adaptation study, considering psychometric criteria. A study was carried out on the list of 423 words from the Communicative Development Inventory - MacArthur - Words and Sentences, adapted to Brazilian Portuguese. The method was divided into four steps. The list was judged by expert judges (JE) and non-specialist judges (JNE), considering as a criterion the familiarity of the word for a child aged between 24 and 36 months, and the representativeness of the word with toy/object, contemplating Steps 1 and 2. The child judges analyzed, in a data collection situation, the familiarity and representativeness of the stimulus-words, presented in Step 3. Afterwards, the pilot study - Step 4, was carried out with the selected stimulus-words. In the statistical analysis by expert and non-specialist judges, the Fleiss’ Kappa and Gwet Concordance index was used. In the analysis of the responses of the child judges and in the Pilot Study, the analysis was made in relation to the type of response of the child, specifically scoring the spontaneous naming of the toy/object, scoring qualitatively. Results The result of Steps 1 and 2, and the agreement of the statistical tests for the Familiarity and Representativeness criteria was 45.7% for JE and 76.4% for JNE, and a result of 100% for the agreement of Representativeness. A total of 122 words were analyzed, resulting from previously established criteria, totaling 34 words (exclusion of one word by the researchers), totaling 33 stimulus-words. In Stage 3, of the 33 stimulus-words applied, nine presented spontaneous naming scores below expectations, being retested for Step 4, the Pilot Study. The result of the Pilot Study showed that of the nine retested stimulus-words, four of them still had a score below, being excluded from the study. Therefore, with the application of the Pilot Study, the expanded list of PEEPS-BP resulted in 29 words. Conclusion The PEEPS-BP - Expanded List showed satisfactory evidence of content validity for the cross-cultural adaptation of the test.
Validade de conteúdo do Profiles of Early Expressive Phonological Skills-Brazilian Portuguese (PEEPS-BP) - Lista Expandida
Authors: Simoni Simone Nicolini de , Morares Denis Altieri de Oliveira , Pagliarin Karina Carlesso , Keske-Soares Márcia
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Objetivo Realizar a adaptação transcultural do Instrumento Profiles of Early Expressive Phonological Skills- Brazilian Portuguese (PEEPS-BP) - Lista expandida, realizando a validação de conteúdo. Método Estudo de adaptação transcultural, quantitativo e transversal, considerando critérios psicométricos. Realizou-se o estudo da lista de 423 palavras do Inventário de Desenvolvimento Comunicativo- MacArthur- Palavras e Sentenças, adaptado para o Português Brasileiro. O método foi dividido em quatro Etapas. A lista foi julgada por juízes especialistas (JE) e juízes não especialistas (JNE), considerando como critério a familiaridade da palavra para uma criança entre 24 e 36 meses, e a representatividade da palavra com brinquedo/objeto, contemplando as Etapas 1 e 2. Os juízes crianças analisaram, em situação de coleta de dados, a familiaridade e a representatividade das palavras-estímulos, apresentado na Etapa 3. Após, realizou-se o estudo piloto- Etapa 4, com as palavras-estímulo selecionadas. Na análise estatística dos juízes especialistas e não especialistas utilizou-se o índice de Concordância do Kappa Fleiss e Gwet. Na análise das respostas dos juízes crianças e no estudo piloto, a análise foi feita em relação ao tipo de resposta da criança, especificamente pontuando a nomeação espontânea do brinquedo/objeto, pontuando de forma qualitativa. Resultados O resultado da Etapa 1 e 2, e a concordância dos testes estatísticos para os critérios de Familiaridade e Representatividade foi de 45,7% para JE e 76,4% para JNE, e resultado de 100% para a concordância da Representatividade. Foram analisadas 122 palavras, resultantes dos critérios previamente estabelecidos, totalizando 34 palavras (exclusão de uma palavra por parte das pesquisadoras), totalizando 33 palavras-estímulos. Na Etapa 3, das 33 palavras-estímulos aplicadas, nove apresentaram pontuação de nomeação espontânea abaixo do esperado, sendo retestadas para a Etapa 4, Estudo Piloto. O resultado do Estudo Piloto evidenciou que das nove palavras-estímulos retestadas, quatro delas ainda apresentaram pontuação abaixo, sendo excluídas do estudo. Portanto com a aplicação do estudo piloto a lista expandida do PEEPS-BP, resultou em 29 palavras. Conclusão O PEEPS-BP - Lista Expandida apresentou evidências de validade de conteúdo satisfatórias para a adaptação transcultural do teste.
A pesquisa multi/intercultural na Educação: possibilidades de articulação a processos educativos
Authors: Candau Vera Maria Ferrão , Ivenicki Ana
Published: February 2024

Resumo O presente artigo objetiva refletir sobre concepções da pesquisa educacional em perspectivas multiculturais, interculturais e decoloniais, problematizadoras de formas eurocentradas e homogeneizadas pelas quais questões educacionais como avaliação, currículo, planejamento educacional, formação de professores, políticas públicas, entre outras, têm sido tratadas. Nesse sentido, busca, também, articular tais considerações à análise de pesquisas institucionais, teses e dissertações, produzidas em grupos de pesquisa que têm buscado concretizar tais perspectivas no contexto das questões educativas, discutindo seus desafios e suas potencialidades.
FOLK GAMES IN THE KARAKHANID STATE
Authors:   Kyrgyz State Academy of Physical Training and Sports, Sabirov Rysbek , Azizbaev Saitdin ,   Kyrgyz State Academy of Physical Training and Sports, Tagaev Myktybek ,   Kyrgyz State Academy of Physical Training and Sports
Published: February 2024

Since ancient times, mobile folk games have occupied an important place in the life of the peoples of the Karakhanid state. They strengthened the health and fighting spirit of the younger generation, prepared them for military affairs, and played an important role in their education. Military sports games related to military life and nomadic economic activity were mainly distributed. There were also games and entertainment that carried ritual and ritual functions included in the system of marriage, as well as memorial and funeral ceremonies. In the post-Soviet period in the Kyrgyz Republic, there was a need for a deeper study and systematization of folk games for practical use in the interests of reviving Kyrgyz traditional sports and folk outdoor games. In this regard, the study of the place and role of games and competitions in the life of the peoples of Central Asia in the Middle Ages is of great relevance. This article discusses the specifics of the development of traditional folk games in the Karakhanid state. During the existence of the Karakhanid state in Central Asia in the 9th-13th centuries. there was an intensive development of trade, science, culture.
THE MAIN TENDENCIES OF DIGITALIZATION IN KYRGYZSTAN
Authors:   Kyrgyz Economic University named after Musa Ryskulbekov, Kuluyeva Farida
Published: February 2024

In this scientific article, the main trends of growth and development of transformation of digital technologies since the beginning of digitalization of Kyrgyzstan are noted. Information about the implementation of modern technologies at the state level in any field, the level of development in the education system is reflected. It includes the fact that the introduction of digital technologies, the dynamic growth of the information society, the expansion of new opportunities for all industries and their widespread use will lead to the further growth of the economy with openness, convenience, speed, time savings in real time and the need for the widest possible spread of digitization. Digitization is one of the most pressing problems today. Because half of the population still has no digital literacy and they conduct business using traditional methods. There are citizens who have information about digitization in remote and nearby regions. Government digitization projects have not been fully implemented, although efforts are being made to implement them. Within the framework of these issues, this article contains several recommendations
SPEECH DEVELOPMENT BY STAGING THE LEGEND OF NAIMAN-ANA AND THE MANKURT FROM THE NOVEL BY CHINGIZ AITMATOV “AND THE DAY LASTS LONGER THAN A CENTURY” (FOR SCHOOLS WITH RUSSIAN AS THE LANGUAGE OF INSTRUCTION)
Authors:   American University in Kyrgyzstan, Samudinova Zaripa
Published: February 2024

This article presents speech development methods and means of increasing the motivation of students of an intermediate (continuing) group of higher educational institutions through staging on the example of "The Legend of the Mankurt" by Chingiz Aitmatov. This form of learning through the means of a literary text has the greatest incentive to study, to speak Kyrgyz language, to increase practical orientation and to gain deep knowledge. Learning through staging is based on the method of communicative learning, active learning methods, game methods, individual learning methods and art pedagogy, where the main technologies are play and improvisation. In the scientific article, it was emphasized that the teacher should take a creative approach to his work, go out of the framework of the lesson that has been done for a long time, and use the power of free, lively, artistic speech will undoubtedly increase the student's activity. It was also described our desire to increase the practical value of language development by relying on the method of teaching the Kyrgyz language through dramatization in Russian-language schools.
THE MEANING OF PEDAGOGICAL REFLECTION AND TRAINING
Authors:   ", Shambetaliev Kanatbek ,   Ala-Too",   International University, Koilubaeva Nurgul ,   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabayev, Bekturov Tuigun ,   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabayev
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the problems of teacher in pedagogical reflection. Currently, the formation of pedagogical reflection is considered one of the important directions for improving the quality of the pedagogical process of teachers professional activities in the education system. Since development and education are internal processes, they cannot be controlled by external forces. In order to direct them in a certain direction and help the child understand what he is being taught, the teacher must first of all be able to imagine and understand these processes, analyze them, correct and organize them. Reflection in pedagogical activity is the most important condition for the development of a teacher’s creative abilities, as well as an introspective method of self-government and knowledge of others. This ability is a characteristic and very necessary quality for school teachers and students who choose a pedagogical university.
MONITORING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   Kyrgyz State Technical University named after I. Razzakov, Torobekov Bekzhan , Azimova Alimakan ,   Osh Technological University named after M.M. Adyshev
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the monitoring system in higher education in the aspect of improving the effectiveness of universities. The problems of monitoring in higher education in modern conditions are analyzed and described. The relevance and necessity of developing a system for monitoring the activities of universities is substantiated. The analysis of the current state of monitoring and regulatory support in the Kyrgyz Republic is given. The review and analysis of works on the problem of monitoring in education is given. The components of the business processes of the monitoring system of universities are formed with a description of their content and systematization of their relationships in the form of a flowchart. The methodology of monitoring the activities of universities has been developed and presented, which is presented in the article by the conceptual apparatus, the concept, the purpose and objectives of monitoring, the scheme of formation of the monitoring system, the algorithm of processes and indicators of the monitoring system of universities.
Application of bargaining schemes for equilibrium determination in dynamic games
Authors: Мазалов Владимир Викторович , Mazalov Vladimir , Реттиева Анна Николаевна , Rettieva Anna
Published: February 2024

Cooperation plays an important role in dynamic games related to resource management problems. To construct the cooperative behavior in asymmetric (when players possess different discount factors) and multicriteria (when players have vector payoff functions) dynamic games the standard approaches are not applicable. The paper presents the methods based on bargaining schemes to determine the cooperative equilibria in such games. The cooperative strategies and payoffs in asymmetric dynamic games are obtained via the Nash bargaining scheme, while for the multicriteria dynamic games the modified bargaining schemes are applied. To illustrated the presented approaches, dynamic bioresource management problems (fish wars problem) with asymmetric players and vector payoff functions is investigated.
Police and robber game on infinite chessboard
Authors: Азамов Абдулла Азамович , Аzamov Аbdulla , Кувватов Фатхул , Кuvatov Fatxull , Туйлиев Хасан , Tuyliyev Hasan
Published: February 2024

It is considered two variants of the game "Policeman and a robber", on an infinite chessboard that is a graph giving a regular partition of the plane into squares. Heuristic and precise definitions of the concepts "the initial state is winning for the pursuer", and "the initial state is winning for the evader"  are formulated. Then, criteria for determining if a given initial state is winning for the pursuer or for the evader is given.
The right to development in Francophone Africa: Post-colonial agreements, sovereign authority and control over natural resources
Authors: Wanki Justin Ngambu
Published: February 2024

This article critiques the decolonisation process of erstwhile colonised Francophone African states, during which France failed to effectively guarantee these states at independence the kind of sovereignty that empowered them to design their own political, educational and development policies. Consequently, the right to development in Francophone Africa remains a mere aspiration given that decolonisation failed to result in the attainment of self-reliance by the states that assumed independence. Instead, on the eve of independence, France secretly concluded cooperation agreements with the governments poised to ascend to independence and concluded others immediately after independence. Some of the secret agreements contained clauses that prioritised France to buy any natural resources of their choice in these Francophone states. Worse still, through cultural and educational assimilation, the French have colonised the minds of Francophone Africans to the extent that they defend French interests at the expense of theirs. The secret agreements have compromised the ability of the so-called independent states to implement and execute national development plans, and the AU Agenda 2063 on development in these states. Consequently, recommendations have been suggested to enable these states to recover from French exploitation and regain their total sovereignty.
The prospects of litigation to secure maternal health in Nigeria: Does SERAP v Attorney-General Lagos have any value?
Authors: Olayanju Oluseyi
Published: February 2024

Blood transfusions play a crucial role in addressing obstetric complications such as post-partum haemorrhage and anaemia that contribute to maternal deaths. The right to health guaranteed by numerous international human rights instruments, national constitutions and legislation obligates governments to ensure that women have access to interventions to prevent maternal mortality. In 2020 a health policy in Lagos State, Nigeria, providing that, in the event that patients are likely to need a blood transfusion, such as pregnant women, spouses and relatives are required to donate blood as a condition for accessing maternity and health services in government-run health facilities, was the subject of a High Court ruling. The judgment declared the policy to be a breach of some human rights guaranteed by the Nigerian Constitution, legislation and international instruments that the country had ratified. Additionally, the judge noted that the policy contributed to maternal deaths. Consequent to the above, this article explores the contribution of human rights litigation and the ensuing verdicts to the protection of maternal health globally, and in light of these evaluates the value of the judgment in particular. A few national and international cases involving other countries that depict the strides that have been made in the use of human rights litigation to protect maternal health are presented to enable an appreciation of the extent to which human rights litigation has been used to support maternal mortality reduction efforts. A critical appraisal of the Lagos State court's decision with a view to determining its potential to contribute to maternal mortality reduction efforts in Nigeria and elsewhere is then embarked upon. The finding is that despite certain flaws identified in the judgment, it makes a valuable contribution to the protection of maternal health and, by extension, the reduction of maternal mortality in Nigeria.
The Tension between Experiences of Nothingness and Hope in the Metaphorical Meaning of the Names of the Children (Isaiah 7-8) from a Perspective of Generational Imprinted Trauma and Resilience
Authors: Esterhuizen Elizabeth , Groenewald Alphonso
Published: February 2024

The texts of Isaiah 7 and 8 are a paragon of metaphorical meanings and signs, especially as they pertain to the name-giving of Isaiah 's sons: Shear-Jashub, Immanuel, and Maher-shalal-hash-baz. This opens a scope of possibilities for Biblical scholars as hardly any research has been done on the implications and corollaries of the three sign names. The significance of children and the function they have within the Hebrew Bible are investigated to give a better understanding of the prophetic utterance of Isaiah. Furthermore, when a perspective of generational imprinted trauma2 is applied to explore and understand the text, an opportunity arises to assess the text within the parameters of pre-migration and the ensuing traumatic experiences. The metaphorical names give us as biblical scholars a glimpse into the possible outcome of fear and threat that is posed by the Syro-Epohraimite coalition and the Assyrian campaign. Within the three sign-names, the pragmatics of individual and collective trauma, healing, and resilience are also underpinned. As the axes sway between hopelessness (nothingness) and hopefulness, the sign-names of the children provide dualistic solutions of either divine punishment or the restitution of a remaining remnant through complete faith and the knowledge that 'God is with us
Clusterin cellular uptake assay v1
Authors: Yuste Checa Patricia
Published: February 2024

This protocol details how to efficiently monitor Clusterin and Clusterin/Substrate uptake in different cell types, like HEK293T, iNeurons and iMicroglia.
Sample preparation and data collection for Serial Block Face Scanning Electron Microscopy of Mammalian Cell Monolayers v2
Authors: Antao Noelle , Sall Joseph , Petzold Christopher , C. Ekiert Damian , Bhabha Gira , Liang Feng-Xia
Published: February 2024

Serial block face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) is a volume EM technique used to study biological samples including tissue and cellular samples. Here we describe detailed protocols for two sample embedding methods for in vitro tissue culture cells intended to be studied using SBF-SEM. The first protocol focuses on cell pellet embedding and the second on en face embedding. En face embedding can be combined with light microscopy, and this CLEM workflow can be used to identify specific biological events in a light microscope, which can then be imaged using SBF-SEM. We systematically outline the steps necessary to fix, stain, embed and image adherent tissue culture cell monolayers by SBF-SEM. Users experienced with electron microscopy sample preparation methodology will be able to complete this protocol in 10-11 days from initial seeding of cells in tissue culture to image acquisition.
Very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR)-C-tag purification from HEK293E cells v1
Authors: Bracher Andreas
Published: February 2024

This protocol details how to purify recombinant Very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR)-C-tag protein from HEK293E cells.
SW-3 SWAB STORAGE v1
Authors: Consortium REDI-NET
Published: February 2024

This protocol describes swab storage.
State-of-the-Art Review of the Corpus Linguistics Field From the Beginning Until the Development of ChatGPT
Authors: Altameemi Yaser M.
Published: February 2024

The present paper highlights the recent state of and development in the corpus linguistics (CL) field. Although several reviews have been conducted on CL, these reviews have focused on specific areas, such as education, or did not provide an overall clear overview of the future implications of the field (Baker et al., 2008; Biber & Reppen, 2020; Biber et al., 1998; G. N. Leech, 1991; Mcenery et al., 2019; McEnery & Hardie, 2012). The author begins this paper with providing an overview that can guide new researchers in this field as well as postgraduates who require a general historical and thematic map of CL. The general overview discusses the publications of scholars who have participated in this field as well as the central tools that have been applied in CL. For specific details regarding the development of the field, the author analysed 217 articles from the 3 highest-impact factor journals according to the Web of Science over the last four years (2019–2022). The findings reveal a rapid development of the field in terms of practical and methodological perspectives, specifically regarding the investigations of language uses in different contexts. Thus, this paper indicates a significantly strong correlation between CL and technological development, such as natural language processing (NLP), and how this approach could fill the research gap of utilising CL in other areas of linguistics.
Translating Noncanonical Ancillary Qur’anic Oppositions Into English: An Etiotypological Analysis
Authors: Hassanein Hamada S. A. , Moustafa Basant S. M.
Published: February 2024

Translating the sacred in a so-called divine language has been shown to be so difficult and challenging a task for translators of the Bible or the Qur’an. The human reproduction of the divine product(ion) has biblically and qur’anically been found to raise (in)soluble challenges and (in)surmountable hurdles in bicultural and cross-cultural communication and transfer in translation. One great challenge or big obstacle thereof is the (un)transferability of noncanonical ancillary oppositions from SL (QA) to TL (E) which is sought to be explored and investigated by the current study from a linguistic-translational perspective. Based on corpus data across several languages, noncanonical ancillary opposition has been shown to co-occur in preponderant syntactic frames loaned from fellow categories, such as coordination, subordination, transition, and so forth, to perform cross-categorial discourse functions in canonical, semicanonical, and noncanonical configurations, and to entertain a propensity and penchant for special multi-principled and rule-governed sequences based on morphology, gender, agency, and so on. The specific objectives of this study are to compare and contrast SL and TL frequent frameworks and ordering sequences in the process and product of translation. It was found that a number of these frames and functions have gone untended and unrendered by the two Qur’an translators under scrutiny due to their incognizance of colligational forms and discursive functions as translation units of functional sentence perspective contributing to the semantic ends of intraversially sentential structures. It was also revealed that SL paradigmatic lexical choices were too semantically distinct and complex to lexicalize into TL.
Unveiling the Power of Liberal Feminism in Namita Gokhale's Selected Works: A Journey Towards Gender Inclusivity
Authors: Priyadharshini P. , Kumar Tribhuwan
Published: February 2024

Liberal feminism serves as a crucial theory that ignites equality between men and women. The aim of this study is to introduce liberal feminist concepts into Namita Gokhale's selected works. The author of these works delves into women's lives and the reinforcement of men, reflecting the principles of liberal feminism. What sets liberal feminism apart from other theories is its support for men while advocating against male discrimination. Notably, Roman Payne, among numerous liberal feminist thinkers, emphasizes the significance of liberal feminism in his book Hope and Despair. Payne's work conveys the idea that "A woman must prioritize her liberty over a man in order to attain happiness" (Payne, 2008). This notion underscores women's pursuit of freedom and equality. Consequently, this study concentrates on women's lives depicted in Namita Gokhale's works, drawing comparisons to the ideals of liberal feminism.
Woman Interrupted: A Foucauldian Reading of Gender, Madness, and Power in the Movies Girl, Interrupted and Unsane
Authors: Rebiai Wassim , Dubbati Barkuzar , Taleb Hala Abu
Published: February 2024

This article presents a Foucauldian reading of the movies Girl, Interrupted (1999) and Unsane (2018) which deal with women in psychiatric institutions. Building on Foucault’s conceptualization of asylums, the medical gaze, and confinement as a paradigm of power, the researchers study the female protagonists in the two movies as characters struggling with psychological issues stemming from their rejection of gender normativity. The experiences of Susanna and Sawyer in asylums are a reflection of a larger struggle against social expectations and sexual norms.
Analysis of Word Choice Errors in Saudi EFL Students’ Spoken Language
Authors: Ahmed Fawzi Eltayeb Yousuf , Ali Elsadig Hussein Fadlalla , Ahmed Zahir Adam Daffalla , Eltom Sarrah Osman
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this research paper is to identify and analyze word choice errors committed in spoken English by Saudi EFL students at King Khalid University. It also seeks to identify the origins of the errors and to suggest relevant solutions to assist learners in developing lexical competence and reducing the occurrence of these errors. The research focuses on five different forms of word choice errors. These errors consist of errors of redundancy, literal translation, subject /verb agreement, collocation, and inappropriate usage of formal and informal words. To gather data, the study is based on conducting structured interviews with three EFL-speaking teachers. It also employs a speaking test as a data collection technique from fifteen EFL learners chosen at random, who are required to speak one by one in front of the class for 3-6 minutes. Their oral performance is recorded by mobile phones. According to data analysis, the most common error category is literal translation (33.97%), which is followed by collocation errors (24.88%) as well as subject/verb agreement (18.66%). Furthermore, there are redundancy errors with a percentage of (12.44%). The last type of error committed is inappropriate use of formal and informal language, which has a percentage of (10.04%). The study attributes these errors to a variety of causes, including the Arabic language's impact as well as ineffective teaching techniques and learning strategies. The study offers several recommendations and pedagogical implications to help EFL learners overcome and minimize word choice errors.
Enhancing Young EFL Learners' Vocabulary Learning Through Contextualizing Animated Videos
Authors: Minalla Amir Abdalla
Published: February 2024

Practicing target language contextually integrated with animated video in the classroom influences the way students use the language in their everyday situations. Contextualized animated videos as learning media based on young learners’ characteristics can be appropriate for stimulating them to acquire vocabulary. This study attempts to examine the effectiveness of utilizing animated videos as learning media in learning vocabulary for enhancing young EFL learners' engagement in classroom activities. The study used experimental research in which participants from two groups (experimental and control) were involved. The context-based learning strategy is utilized to introduce new vocabulary items to the participants in the control group. While the new vocabulary items were presented to the experimental group's participants through context-based learning integrated with animated videos. The analysis of the data revealed that the participants who underwent vocabulary learning through context-based learning integrated with an animated video in the vocabulary learning treatment significantly outperformed those who underwent vocabulary learning through the context-based learning method. Integrating animated videos into vocabulary teaching proves its effectiveness with the four word classes of the content word type. It was very effective in learning verbs and adverbs compared to being learned via a context-based learning strategy separately. Hence, integrating animated videos is not just appropriate to facilitate vocabulary learning for young learners but also increases their motivation to engage in classroom learning.
Swear Words From the Indramayu Javanese-Indonesia in the Novel Aib dan Nasib
Authors: Juidah Imas , Andayani  , Suwandi Sarwiji , Rohmadi Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Swear words are impolite words or words that make other people offended or get angry. Every region has its’ own particular swear words, especially in Indramayu. The swear words used by the Javanese people of Indramayu have various types and functions. Therefore, this study describes the types and functions of Indramayu Javanese swear words in the novel Aib dan Nasib by Minanto. The result reported nine types of swear words in the novel Aib and Nasib by Minanto. They are 1) excretion in the word of tahi; 2) death in the word of mampus; 3) body function term in the word of kontol, memek, endas, kuping; 4) religious term in the word of  dedemit, setan; 5) mother in law in the word of telembuk, lonte, perung, jalang; 6) sex term in the word of ngentot, rabenan; 7) animal term in the word of kirik, ketek; 8) imbecilic term in the word of dungu, goblok, koplok, cecunguk, campleng; 9) general term in the word of, sinting, lancang, bangsat. Meanwhile, the functions of those swear words in the novel Aib dan Nasib by Minanto are: to create attention; to discredit; to provoke; to create interpersonal identification; and to provide catharsis.
Róbson Ramos dos Reis (2022). Cáncer infantil, sufrimiento y transformación. Un ensayo fenomenológico. Rio de Janeiro: Via Verita 2022, 176 p.
Authors: Laregina Alejandro
Published: February 2024

El autor presenta un ensayo inscripto en el campo de la fenomenología patológica desde un enfoque naturalizado de la fenomenología mediante diversos metodologías de investigación fenomenológica. Atendiendo a la regla de la iluminación mutua se pone en diálogo la conceptualización de la estructura de la experiencia del cáncer infantil con la investigación empírica. Se analizan los conceptos de sufrimiento existencial y experiencia transformacional involucrados en la experiencia de la enfermedad y se pone de relieve la estructura dinámica modal del proceso de la enfermedad. Se adopta un posicionamiento de pluralismo ontológico diferenciando las maneras de ser de los procesos orgánicos y los procesos existenciales. El ensayo explicita sus limitaciones y alcances, proponiedo su continuación con la investigación acerca de la dinámica de los sentimientos existenciales para dar cuenta de la estructura de los procesos modales.
Estado y privados en la política pública contra el hambre de los indígenas wayuu en La Guajira colombiana
Authors: Restrepo Parra Adrián Raúl , Puerta Silva Claudia , Torres Muriel Esteban , Gómez Archbold Ilia , Rubiano María José
Published: February 2024

En este artículo se aborda el problema del hambre de los indígenas wayuu en La Guajira colombiana. Los resultados del estudio controvierten la percepción según la cual el problema del hambre persiste por la ausencia del Estado, por la preeminencia de los actores privados o por la incapacidad estatal para coordinar la acción interinstitucional en la implementación de una política pública orientada a solucionar el hambre. Para dar cuenta de estos aspectos la investigación utilizó la teoría del Estado en acción, la metodología del análisis de la política pública como ciclo y privilegió, entre otras técnicas de generación de datos, el mapa de actores claves (MAC), con insumos etnográficos y documentales. El análisis permitió establecer la presencia estatal directa —burocracia— en la política pública, la descarga del Estado en privados para operar la implementación de la política y las tramas de las relaciones de poder que conducen a la pervivencia del problema del hambre indígena en el territorio peninsular.
#PazEsVotarNO. Centro Democrático y Acuerdo de paz en Colombia en redes sociales
Authors: Suárez Álvarez Astrid Viviana
Published: February 2024

Este artículo aborda la construcción de significado sobre la paz en las redes sociales digitales del partido Centro Democrático durante la etapa de refrendación del Acuerdo de paz entre el Gobierno colombiano y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP). Para ello describe el comportamiento del Centro Democrático en sus redes sociales durante 2016, reconstruye su marco de sentido y sus repertorios discursivos, y aborda las estructuras culturales subyacentes. Metodológicamente se acude a un enfoque mixto que permite identificar tendencias y abordar significados. El Centro Democrático se caracterizó por la publicación de mensajes adversos al proceso de paz, su marco de sentido se basó en la distinción entre acuerdos y paz, la definición de aquellos como una farsa, la crítica a la idea de justicia promovida por los acuerdos y la asociación entre No y salvación; finalmente, el marco de sentido del Centro Democrático actualizó un discurso conservador basado en la oposición entre armonía colectiva y caos.
lubricity of ethanol-gasoline fuel blends
Authors: Agudelo John , Delgado Álvaro , Benjumea Pedro
Published: February 2024

In this work the lubricity of several ethanol (hydrated or anhydrous) / gasoline fuel blends was measured by using a conventional HFRR tester. Tests were carried out at 25ºC with no water vapour pressure control, according to the ASTM D6079 standard. According to the results the range of variation of the mean wear scar diameter was small among tested fuels in the range E-20 to E-85, indicating that the addition of ethanol, anhydrous or hydrated, did not impact significantly blend lubricity. The addition of hydrated ethanol (96% v/v) slightly improved blend lubricity in comparison with the addition of anhydrous ethanol. The higher mean wear scar diameters, lower fluid film traces and higher friction coefficients obtained for all tested fuels, in comparison with the typical values for diesel fuels, indicate the necessity of using lubricity additives when gasoline or ethanol / gasoline blends are used in new engine technologies requiring higher pressures in the fuel injection system.
Adaptive fuzzy control applied to a fermentation system of continuous alcohol flow
Authors: Escobar Díaz Andrés , Hernández Cesar , Arguello Fajardo Juan Pablo
Published: February 2024

The FRMLC, Fuzzy Reference Model Learning Control has been studied as a method for tuning fuzzy controllers. Its performance has been evaluated in a fermentation system with continuous alcohol fl ow which is characterized as a non lineal dynamics. Parameters vary with time in non lineal dynamics. A method of innovative tuning was employed which implicates a Matlab development that facilitates the study of the control technique FRMLC. It allowed building tuning methodologies for the application of that technique in different processes.
Characterization by temperature programmed techniques of spent and acid treated vanadium catalysts
Authors: Charry Iran David , González Lina María , Montes de Correa Consuelo
Published: February 2024

Spent samples of V2O5/SiO2-γAl2O3 catalyst used for H2SO4 production were acid treated to recover vanadium. Fresh, spent, and acid treated samples were characterized by temperature-programmed techniques: TPR-H2, TPO-O2, TPD-NH3 and, TGA-DTA in order to determine the effect of deactivating species on vanadium recovery. DRX and UV-Vis techniques were used to confirm several signals from the temperature-programmed profiles. The results suggest that vanadium sulfovanadates and oxides in treated samples strongly interact with the support making it difficult to get more than 86% vanadium recovery.
Fluidised bed airlift reactors with internal circulation: hydrodynamics and carrier characterization
Authors: Sánchez Ortiz Iván Andrés , Teixeira Correia Gleyce , Santos de Araújo Leandro , Gebara Dib , Dall’Aglio Sobrinho Milton , Matsumoto Tsunao
Published: February 2024

Aerobic internal-loop reactors use active biomass attached in a supporting media (biofilm) with the advantage of retaining a big biomass concentration in a small physical space, removing carbonaceous matter and nitrogen in only one reactor. Liquid circulation occurs due to hydrostatic pressure difference produced by air injection in the riser. In biphasic conditions liquid circulation velocities, gas holdup and oxygen transfer coefficient in four different reactor configurations were studied. For the three-phase conditions, the same parameters in just one of those configurations were evaluated. Also, there were three granular supporting media characterized. On the other hand, the relationship between internal and external tube areas and supporting media concentrations influence the liquid velocity, gas holdup and oxygen mass transfer values and some important supporting media characteristics were observed and compared.
Communication and traceability game: a way to improve requirements elicitation process teaching
Authors: Zapata Jaramillo Carlos Mario
Published: February 2024

Requirements elicitation process is important to guarantee the quality of software applications. In software engineering, requirements elicitation process has been taught by means of traditional methods. Games have been used to improve teaching of some issues in software engineering, but elicitation has not been the center of this way of teaching. As a way to deal with problems in requirements elicitation process teaching, we create in this paper "Communication and Traceability Game" and we summarize the results of applying this game to several groups of students.
Heavy metals in Sinú river, department of Córdoba, Colombia, South America
Authors: Feria John Jairo , Marrugo José Luis , González Humberto
Published: February 2024

Concentrations of Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Hg, Pb and Cd in superficial sediments of river Sinú were studied. Samples were collected in 10 sampling stations downstream from Urrá 1 dam, taking into account two sampling periods, one during rainy season and the other during dry season. Metal concentrations were determined by spectrophotometry or by voltametry, they were normalized with regard to aluminum concentrations, which is a conservative element. It was observed that there was a high concentration of Cu, Ni, Cr and Zn for both sampling periods, which suggesting a common origin. Furthermore, a high level of heavy metal sediment concentrations was pointed out by the enrichment factor test for each of the evaluated elements,except Fe. Places receiving a high impact of floodplains exhibited a larger concentration of heavy metals in sediments, as compared to other basin areas, which is associated with sulfate decrease and sulfides formation and subsequent release and availability of heavy metals.
Relationship between soluble forms of iron and manganese and the presence of oxidizing bacteria of both elements in the dam Riogrande II-Don Matías (Antioquia, Colombia)
Authors: Arcos Arango Yamilet , Betancur Urhan Judith , Peñuela Gustavo , Aguirre Néstor Jaime
Published: February 2024

From August 2006 to March 2008 presence of bacteria associated with the oxidation of iron and manganese was determined in the euphotic zone limit (LZF) and in the bottom of the hipolimnio (HF) in seven seasons of Riogrande II Dam reservoir depending on the availability of these metals. A water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, redox potential and electrical conductivity were measured in situ. At the bottom of hipolimnio with levels of dissolved oxygen ≤ 4 mgL-1 only were found iron oxidizing bacteria compatible with Gallionella sp, and Sphaerotilus sp, Beggiatoa sp . Final estimates for the bacterial population were conducted in culture media and the selective and specific recognition through morphological observations on wet mounts and colors. The largest number of these bacteria was found on the arm of Rio Grande (E4) in which levels of soluble iron were above 1.4 mgL-1. We found no presence of manganese-oxidizing bacteria.
Study of trace elements vaporization during the sewage sludge combustion
Authors: Rodríguez Rosa , Palacios Carlos , Gauthier Daniel , Udaquiola Stella , Martínez Osvaldo , Mazza Germán , Flamant Gilles
Published: February 2024

The behavior of 11 trace elements during the sewage sludge combustion and its co-combustion with municipal solid wastes was thermodynamically investigated in order to observe the influence of different operating parameters. The thermodynamic calculations were carried out simulating the existing atmosphere during the sewage sludge combustion, between 200 and 1000ºC, working at atmospheric pressure. Also, the contents of chlorine and sulphur in this atmosphere was analyzed, because these elements can exist during the co-combustion with municipal solid waste. Experimentally, the sewage sludge combustion in fluidized bed was carried out. The study was focalized in three representative toxic metals: Cd, Pb, Zn. The results show that the co-combustion with municipal solid wastes makes it difficult trace elements vaporization, since metallic chlorides react with water forming oxides which remain in the mineral matrix. The experimental study confirmed the important dependence of the heavy metals vaporization upon the operating parameters.
CFD Numerical simulations of Francis turbines
Authors: Laín-Beatove Santiago , García.Ruiz Manuel J. , Quintero-Arboleda Brian , Orrego-Bustamante Santiago
Published: February 2024

In this paper the description of the internal flow in a Francis turbine is addressed from a numerical point of view. The simulation methodology depends on the objectives. On the one hand, steady simulations are able to provide the hill chart of the turbine and energetic losses in its components. On the other hand, unsteady simulations are required to investigate the fluctuating pressure dynamics and the rotor-stator interaction. Both strategies are applied in this paper to a working Francis turbine in Colombia. The employed CFD package is ANSYS-CFX v. 11. The obtained results are in good agreement with the in site experiments, especially for the characteristic curve.
Methods for evaluation of corrosion rate on magnesium alloys: a review
Authors: Castaño-González Juan Guillermo , Berrío Luisa Fernanda , Echeverría Félix , Correa Esteban , Zuleta Alejandro A.
Published: February 2024

The major drawback of some magnesium alloys is their low corrosion resistance. Therefore, the evaluation of corrosion resistance is a critical factor in developing new alloys and surface treatments. The techniques employed for the determination of corrosion rate include mass loss assessment, hydrogen evolution, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). However, there are still difficulties in precisely estimating this parameter in Mg alloys. In this review, the reported applications, advantages, and disadvantages of the techniques mentioned above were analyzed. On the other hand, a large number of corrosion rate values reported for various Mg alloys in 3 different media (NaCl, Hanks´ solution and SBF), using mass loss, hydrogen evolution, and PP, were compared and analyzed. Generally, corrosion rates obtained from mass loss are higher than those obtained from hydrogen evolution. On the other hand, it is not possible to obtain correlations between corrosion rates obtained from PP and those obtained from mass loss and hydrogen evolution. Even more, dissimilar corrosion rate values are reported for the same alloy, implying that the measuring procedures are not well standardized.
A Study on the Potential of Sand Liquefaction Hazard at Chukai Sentral, Terengganu Using Plaxis 2D
Authors:   Center for Civil Engineering studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang,   Permatang Pauh Campus, 13500 Bukit Mertajam, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Sadikon Siti Fatimah , Eshri Nurul Ashikin ,   Center for Civil Engineering studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang,   Permatang Pauh Campus, 13500 Bukit Mertajam, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Idrus Juliana ,   Center for Civil Engineering studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang,   Permatang Pauh Campus, 13500 Bukit Mertajam, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: February 2024

An earthquake is classified as a natural disaster of mother nature. Sometimes, it cannot be predicted when it will occur and difficult to estimate the striking force values and the period of incident. The effect of the earthquake may catastrophic if the magnitude is more than 6 Richter. It had been proved by previous event, an earthquake could cause a huge impact towards the soil condition especially when the saturated soil is soft or loose since the propagation of shear wave and compression could induced the soil liquefaction and gave an effect towards excess pore pressure and effective stress of the soil that may affect the stability of infrastructure such as dam, embankment, and bridge. This study was conducted to analyse the horizontal displacement of soil due to earthquake and to evaluate the possibility of liquefaction at Chukai Sentral, Kemaman, Terengganu, Malaysia. The study was conducted using Plaxis-2D software based on Mohr-Coulomb soil model at magnitude of 5.4 Richter. The Mohr-Coulomb model was selected as its failure occurs when the shear stress acting on the soil reaches a critical value and the shear strength is related to the effective stress acting on it. The analysis was concentrated on the mesh deformation and horizontal displacement. The result shows the mesh deformation and horizontal displacement obtained in the boreholes not more than 6 mm. It is considered as a small deformation and will not trigger to the potential of liquefaction to that area. It can be concluded that the earthquake magnitude of 5.4 Richter is unable to disturb the natural resistance of the soil and structure due to their stiff layer proportion.