bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CMACF: Transformer-based Cross-Modal Attention Cross-Fusion model for systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis combining Raman spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, and metabolomics
Authors: Chen Cheng , Zhou Xuguang , Chen Chen , Zuo Enguang , Li Min , Wu Lijun , Chen Xiaomei , Wu Xue , Lv Xiaoyi
Published: April 2024

Diseases contain different amounts of information under different omics
perspectives, and multiple omics are complementary. In order to
accurately understand the disease mechanism, multimodal signals should
be considered. Spectroomics is widely used in medical research as a
fast, simple and non-invasive optical analysis technology. It is a new
“omics” emerging after genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics.
Effectively fusing the information carried by different omics can better
predict diseases. In this paper, we design a novel Cross-modal
Cross-fusion network (CMACF) based on Transformer self-attention
mechanism. Importantly, we observe that the interaction between any two
pairwise modalities is different and does not contribute equally to the
final disease prediction. Through multiple interaction stages, the
features of Raman-infrared spectroscopy, Raman-metabolomics and infrared
spectrum-metabolomics were reasonably focused, and the cross-fusion
strategy and long sequence decision model were used to obtain the
overall correlation of multi-omics features. We conduct extensive
experiments on the systemic lupus erythematosus disease multi-omics
dataset, and the accuracy and AUC values are 99.44% and 99.98%,
respectively, which have the best classification effect. The results
show that CMACF has outstanding and stable prediction performance, which
is of great reference value for the diagnosis of SLE patients and can
explain the contribution of multimodal fusion of multi-omics data.
Plasma-catalytic Direct Oxidation of Methane to Methanol over Cu-MOR: Revealing the Zeolite-confined Cu 2+ Active Sites
Authors: Yi Yanhui , Lv Huan , Meng Shengyan , Cui Zhaolun , Li Shangkun , Li Dongxing , Gao Xiaoxia , Guo Hongchen , Bogaerts Annemie
Published: April 2024

Efficient methane conversion to methanol remains a significant challenge
in chemical industry. This study investigates the direct oxidation of
methane to methanol under mild conditions, employing a synergy of
non-thermal plasma and Cu-MOR (Copper-Mordenite) catalysts. Catalytic
tests demonstrate that the Cu-MOR IE-3 catalyst (i.e., prepared by three
cycles of ion exchange) exhibits superior catalytic performance (with
51% methanol selectivity and 7.9% methane conversion). Conversely, the
Cu-MOR catalysts prepared via wetness impregnation tend to over-oxidize
CH to CO and CO . Through systematic
catalyst characterizations (XRD, TPR, UV-Vis, HRTEM, XPS), we elucidate
that ion exchange mainly leads to the formation of zeolite-confined Cu
species, while wetness impregnation predominantly
results in CuO particles. Based on the catalytic performance, catalyst
characterizations and in-situ FTIR spectra, we conclude that
zeolite-confined Cu species serve as the active
sites for plasma-catalytic direct oxidation of methane to methanol.
Being human is a kaleidoscopic affair
Authors: Kronfeldner Maria
Published: April 2024

This paper spells out the ways in which we need to be pluralists about ?human
nature?. It discusses a conceptual pluralism about the concept of ?human
nature?, stemming from post-essentialist ontology and the semantic
complexity of the term ?nature?; a descriptive pluralism about the
?descriptive nature? of human beings, which is a pluralism regarding our
self-understanding as human beings that stems from the long list of typical
features of, and relations between, human beings; a natural kind term
pluralism, which is a pluralism that concerns the choices we have in
deciding how to apply the kind term ?human?; and an explanatory pluralism
that results from the causal complexity of life. Because of the complexity
of being human, which gives rise to these pluralisms, being human is, the
paper claims, a kaleidoscopic affair, and one far from concerning the life
sciences only.
The narrative of Amanda Labarca and the criollismo: Notes for inserting it into Chilean literary history (or narrating it to depict and change Chile)
Authors: Arre-Marfull Montserrat , Ramos-Vera José , Salas Gonzalo
Published: April 2024

This paper explores a set of narratives that the writer, educator and
feminist leader Amanda Labarca published in the first quarter of the 20th
century, namely the novel En tierras extra?as (1915), the short novel La
l?mpara maravillosa and the collection of stories Cuentos a mi se?or (both
1921). We are interested in inscribing this corpus of Labarca?s work mainly
in the criollismo, thought of as the Latin American and Chilean literary
sensibility of the first half of the 20th century. With this, we contribute
to the studies that have set out to explore one of Labarca?s most unknown
areas: her literature. Specifically, it traces the spirit that runs through
these texts, emphasizing the typification of discourses, characters and
social contexts that allow sustaining the proposal of analyzing this prose
from the point of view of criollismo. Indeed, the results show the presence
of several characteristics of this trend, such as the presence of the
peripheral or marginal element, the traveler as protagonist or the
enhancement of local customs. It is concluded that Labarca?s lyrics dialogue
with the proposals of Chilean criollismo, although they are also inspired by
other aesthetic and ideological proposals of her time.
Short term load prediction of regional heating and heat storage system based on neural network
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Huijie
Published: April 2024

Accurate heat load prediction is the key to achieve fine control, energy
conservation, and carbon reduction of regional hydronics. Taking the
regional hydronics of a city in the north of China as the research object,
the author, respectively uses back propagation neural network (BPNN),
genetic algorithm (GA) optimized BPNN (GA-BPNN), and autoregressive
integrated moving average model (ARI?MA) combined BPNN (ARIMA BPNN) to
predict its heat load, and compares the accuracy and applicability of each
prediction method. The results indicate that GA-BPNN has the smallest
prediction error, followed by ARIMA-BPNN, but the latter requires less data
for prediction. In practical engineering, if there is a sufficient amount
of data related to heat load, it is recommended to use GA-BPNN. If there is
a small amount of data, ARIMA-BP prediction method can be used.
Numerical simulation of ground temperature field changein underground heat transfer zone of ground sourceheat pump under different groundwater runoff conditions
Authors: Chen Dongqin
Published: April 2024

The heat transfer capacity of ground and soil energy sources is the key
factor that affects the performance of the ground source heat exchanger. The
heat storage capacity of soil is related to various factors. The author
proposes a multi-component heat pump system which combines solar energy,
waste heat, and air, and designs a new type of dual channel finned tube
evaporator for defrosting. Based on different weather conditions, the
operation mode of the system was provided, and performance tests were
conducted on the system under no light conditions and with or without waste
heat utilization. The results show that the seepage speed of buried tube
ground source heat pump system geographic tube heat exchanger and soil heat
transfer influence is larger, the groundwater seepage speed of 15 m per
annual, running 3-4 years later, the heat transfer well area of the soil
temperature field will be stable, which can judge in the groundwater seepage
is sufficient area, the buried tube ground source heat pump conditional soil
winter and summer heat balance.
Lay-out of air source heat pump heating system in Lugang Logistics Park
Authors: Luo Ning
Published: April 2024

In order to understand the process of using the heat pump heat organization,
the author proposes to conduct a study based on the concept of heat pump air
heating system in ?Land Port Logistics Park?. The author first analyzed the
heating characteristics of the ground transportation fleet according to the
actual situation, optimized the design of the heat pump, and proposed the
same plan. Second, taking some provincial underground parks as examples, the
actual performance of the park?s air source heat pump heating system was
tested. According to the test, the temperature difference between the supply
and return water is 3-4?C, and the average COP of the entire heating season
is only 2.1. Based on the analysis and analysis, the meaning of the problem
in the actual operation of the heat pump is explained, the cause of the
problem is the determination of the pressure and the design plan. After
installation, energy consumption can be further reduced, and it advises on
the progress and use of the ventilation system. By using electric equipment
to heat the docks in the port, it is possible to meet the heating needs of
the park and reduce energy consumption and air pollution. Good this is a
green and low carbon promise.
Preparation and steady-state heat transfer characteristics analysis of building insulation phase change composite material
Authors: Liu Chengcai
Published: April 2024

The compatibility of Ba(OH)2?8H2O with aluminum alloy and copper after 50
heating cycles was studied using SEM and high power X-ray diffraction
technique. Analyze the effect of temperature on thermal stability. The
results show that Ba(OH)2?8H2O has some corrosion resistance to aluminum
alloys and is similar with copper. The Ba(OH)2?8H2O/foam copper phase
transition composites were prepared by a simple vacuum adsorption filling
method. The experimental process of phase change energy storage device with
and without copper foam was established, and the continuous heat transfer
and transformation of Ba(OH)2?8H2O/foam copper phase change composites were
carried out at room temperature. The results show that compared with pure
Ba(OH)2?8H2O, Ba(OH)2?8H2O/foam copper phase converter has faster heat
transfer and better thermal conductivity, effectively reducing the
supercooling effect of Ba(OH)2?8H2O. Heat transfer experiment at high
temperature shows that the heat capacity of Ba(OH)2?8H2O/foam copper phase
changes with the increase of temperature. When the temperature of the zone
is higher than the material phase changes in temperature, some insulation
measures should be taken for phase shifting components.
Thermal storage performance analysis of building envelope based on big data sensor network
Authors: Hu Xiji , Li Xingquan , Zuo Mingwei
Published: April 2024

In order to understand the thermal storage performance analysis of building
envelope, the author proposes a research on thermal storage performance
analysis of building envelope based on Big data sensor network. The author
first compares and analyzes the thermal storage performance parameter
systems of different theoretical methods, and determines the key
characterization parameters of thermal storage performance under different
working conditions based on the analysis of the thermal storage process.
Second, in order to compare and verify the measured and simulated indoor
temperature of the building, two groups of buildings with identical exterior
wall insulation performance and distinct thermal storage performance were
chosen. Three distinct thermal storage levels of the building?s exterior
walls were used to simulate and analyze the internal surface temperature,
heat flux density, and building cooling and heating load. Summer night
ventilation was used to investigate the effect of ventilation volume on
building cooling loads. In the end, a provincial office building was chosen
as the research subject. The structure comprises of two stories, one
underground and two over the ground, with a north hub point of 180?. The
investigation object is a two-story room. The trial results demonstrate that
the deliberate outcomes are in great concurrence with the mimicked results.
For the district of the region, under a similar protection execution of the
nook structure, the inner surface temperature of the weighty construction
outside wall is higher in winter, lower in summer, with a higher intensity
load in winter and a lower cooling load in summer. The proper air changes
each hour of building night ventilation is 16 ach, and the effect on the
cooling heap of weighty structures is huge. Demonstrated the precision of
the reproduction technique and model.
Analysis of thermal characteristics and thermal storage performance of energy-saving phase change thermal storage materials in buildings
Authors: Chen Ximo
Published: April 2024

In order to explore the thermal characteristics and thermal storage
performance analysis of energy-saving phase change heat storage materials in
buildings, taking the common exterior wall insulation composite wall
structure in southwestern China as an example, the influence of insulation
board structure thickness design on the total cost of residential air
conditioning energy consumption and insulation board cost is studied, thus
clarifying the concept and calculation origin of economic insulation
thickness. The experimental results show that by drawing mathematical
functions of energy consumption cost, total cost, and insulation material
cost in the same 2-D coordinate, it is intuitively demonstrated that the
minimization of total cost can be ensured when the insulation thickness is
in an economic state, and the specific economic thickness can be accurately
calculated through example data. Therefore, specific measures for improving
external wall insulation from refined insulation structure design are
proposed. It has been proven that the design of the exterior wall insulation
layer structure is an important way to improve the overall energy-saving
benefits of building exterior wall insulation.
Potential of hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) for fruit spread production: a first insight
Authors: Bianchi Flavia , Martini Lösch Demian , Marchetti Giulia Maria , Gasser Michael , Vanzo Elisa Maria , Zago Massimo , Venir Elena
Published: April 2024

Hardy kiwifruits represent an unexplored agricultural resource for South Tyrol which could be of particular interest to the region by contributing to agricultural biodiversity and the valorisation of minor crops in the area. The main limitation of this crop is its short shelf-life as a fresh raw material, which is related to its intrinsic perishability. Processing hardy kiwis into canned products could be a valid strategy for encouraging the production and spread of this crop throughout the territory, enabling food products derived from it to be available all year round. This study evaluated the suitability of hardy kiwifruits for processing into spreads. Results indicate that no pectin needs to be added to ensure that the fruit spread has a pleasant texture, and browning over time occurred slowly, despite the preserve not being stabilised with antioxidant agents, suggesting that the shelf-life of such a preserve might be quite long. Finally, from a preliminary sensory evaluation, consumers rated the preserve positively with regard to its texture, sweetness and flavour, and it obtained a positive overall evaluation from an organoleptic point of view, indicating that this crop has potential for use in the production of fruit spreads.
Meconium Periorchitis - An Unusual Cause of Scrotal Mass in a Neonate
Authors: Ratan Simmi K
Published: April 2024

Meconium periorchitis (MPO) is an uncommon entity associated with meconium peritonitis where the meconium gained access to the tunica vaginalis, results in meconium periorchitis. The typical presentation is a soft hydrocele at birth which becomes harder over weeks span due to calcification of meconium. A lack of awareness about this disease entity may lead to scrotal exploration. It can resolve spontaneously without compromising the testicle. Scrotal ultrasound is the mainstay of imaging. We report a case of a meconium periorchitis and review the relevant literature.
El individualismo como conducta sustentable respecto al trabajo en equipo en la educación superior
Authors: Martínez García Mario , González Peña Omar Israel , Pérez Zúñiga Ricardo , Mena Hernández Ernesto
Published: April 2024

El trabajo en equipo no es una habilidad intrínseca en la evolución individual, de ahí que suela requerir condiciones específicas para su funcionalidad y efectividad en el ámbito educativo. De hecho, los elementos fundamentales para alcanzar objetivos grupales dependen en gran medida de la capacidad individual y su interacción estimulante dentro del equipo. Por tal motivo, el presente trabajo se enfocó en responder la siguiente interrogante: ¿cuál es el estado actual del conocimiento sobre la relación entre el individualismo y el trabajo en equipo en el contexto de la educación superior? Para ello, la metodología consistió en una revisión narrativa orientada a identificar tres dimensiones de análisis: 1) individualismo, 2) aprendizaje cooperativo y trabajo en equipo, y 3) aprendizaje cooperativo o trabajo en equipo en conjunto con el individualismo. Los hallazgos demuestran que el trabajo en equipo se incorpora en el sistema educativo con el propósito de fomentar la construcción de conocimiento. No obstante, la literatura señala la necesidad de abordar la falta de atención de los alumnos para obtener resultados más favorables. Por otro lado, se observa que el individualismo demanda que los alumnos posean las competencias necesarias y la disposición para colaborar y aprender, a fin de lograr la máxima eficacia en el trabajo en equipo.
Educação Corporativa
Authors: Novaes Cristina Santos , Fonseca Josefa Sônia
Published: April 2024

O presente artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa desenvolvida durante o Mestrado Profissional em Educação, tendo como problema: “Como se dá a contribuição da formação continuada desenvolvida no setor público baiano por meio da Educação Corporativa (EC)? O objetivo geral do estudo foi analisar a influência da EC sobre a modernização das atividades produzidas nos órgãos públicos, com a adoção da Lei de Instrutoria Interna, embasando a fundamentação teórica nos autores Meister (2005), Eboli (2014), Banov (2013), Rebouças (2014), Freire (1996) e em documentos oficiais que regulamentam a EC no Estado. O percurso metodológico caracteriza-se como um trabalho de caráter descritivo e qualitativo, com base na revisão bibliográfica, com o procedimento de um estudo de caso. Os principais resultados foram: apresentação de uma reflexão acerca da gestão de pessoas no Estado da Bahia; conhecimento mais sistemático da Lei de Instrutoria Interna e os teóricos que dão suporte pedagógico a essa proposta; entendimento mais amplo da metodologia utilizada nos cursos de capacitação do Estado.
Análise dos programas de integridade das empresas listadas no Ibovespa na ótica dos critérios apontados nos formulários de referência da CVM
Authors: Colares Ana Carolina Vasconcelos , Longuinho Felipe Pedro , Furquim Leandro , Balestrin Luana Carminatti , Bernardo Pedro Paulo Gonçalves , Sá Tatiana Paula Silva
Published: April 2024

A busca pela integridade nas empresas se tornou ainda mais crucial em um cenário empresarial globalizado e altamente regulamentado. Os programas de integridade surgem como ferramentas essenciais para prevenir a corrupção e a má conduta nas empresas. No entanto, a implementação e efetivação dessas políticas enfrentam desafios, como a cultura organizacional, alocação de recursos e monitoramento. O presente artigo analisa a estrutura e efetividade dos programas de integridade de 79 empresas listadas no Ibovespa da B3. Essa escolha se baseia no fato delas desempenharem um papel fundamental na economia brasileira, influenciando o mercado financeiro e contribuindo para o desenvolvimento econômico do país. Conduzida por meio do método de estudo de casos múltiplos e utilizando dados publicados pelas empresas, a pesquisa revelou uma média impressionante de 86% de aderência aos padrões estabelecidos pela CVM. Embora todas as empresas possuam códigos de ética, destaca-se que 78% não apresentaram clareza na avaliação de riscos. Apesar das áreas identificadas para melhoria, observou-se um avanço significativo e uma integração robusta de programas de compliance nas organizações.O estudo enfatiza a notável convergência entre os programas analisados, sublinhando a relevância das entidades reguladoras, como a CVM e a B3, na consolidação do mercado de capitais brasileiro. Dentre as entidades examinadas, 68% atingiram o mais alto grau de governança, evidenciando uma busca ativa pela excelência. Como recomendação para futuras pesquisas, sugere-se a análise integrada dos programas de integridade com outras fontes, proporcionando uma avaliação mais abrangente e aprofundada.
DYNAMIC MODEL OF THE DURATION OF GASEOUS ENVIRONMENT PUMPING FROM A LIMITED VOLUME
Authors:   Department of Robotics and Integrated Mechanical Engineering Technologie, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Dmytriv Taras
Published: April 2024

An analytical equation for the duration of air pumping from a limited volume has been developed. The equation of the mechanical energy of air movement takes into account the law of mass conservation for a gas in a controlled volume, the work of the energy of air movement and the work to overcome air friction. Gaseous medium is Newtonian. The duration of pumping (filling) the limited volume of the pneumatic chamber with air was calculated by comparing the mass flow per second and the increase in mass, as a differential of the change in air density. The mathematical model enables the simulation of air pumping time depending on pressure, as a density parameter and at different Mach numbers in the subsonic range. The K1* proportionality coefficient, which characterizes the ratio of the dynamic force of gas mass displacement to the static pressure relative to the diameter of the air pipeline, is proposed as a criterion for evaluating the dynamics of the flow. It should be noted that the analytical dependence works for Newtonian media and Mach numbers of M < 1, the gas flow is caused by the pressure difference, the gas itself is limited by a chamber space characterized by a volume as design parameter of structure.
STUDY OF THE GEAR CUTTING PROCESS BY THE RADIAL-CIRCULAR METHOD
Authors:   Department of Robotics and Integrated Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Hrytsai Ihor , Herus Dmytro ,   Department of Robotics and Integrated Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: April 2024

The results of the study of the radial-circular method of gear cutting are presented. The cutting and shaping of teeth is carried out by a thin disc cutter under conditions of continuous generating, with a combination of axial feed of the cutter and its constructive radial movement due to eccentric installation on the spindle axis. The value of the eccentricity is determined by the gear module. A graph-analytical model was used to calculate the parameters of the cuts, and the cutting force and torque on the cutter axis were modeled using these data. It was found that the cutting process is characterized by significant load variations. The areas of maximum tool wear were predicted. It is shown that for under the same initial conditions, the cutting time using this method is two times less than the time of hobbing. Since a disc cutter can cut gears in a wide range of modules, this process is one of the most versatile. This method opens up great possibilities for the restoration and repair of gears and drives manufactured to standards other than those adopted in Europe.
Organ Donation: A Necessary Social Obligation?
Authors: Cantarovich Felix
Published: April 2024

One success of medicine has been to change the death of a human being for the life of a patient with terminal organ failure when organs such as the liver or lung are donated. These results of organ surgery and treatments, nevertheless, are accompanied by the maintenance of patients waiting lists, and deaths. Educational programs have made advances in popular knowledge. However, the data shows that society’s undefined attitude toward donation impacts the “organ shortage”. For example, the value of the slogan that qualifies donating as a gift is controversial today. Organ shortage requires an analysis of its persistence, as well as suggestions for its solution.
La belleza de los talleres
Authors: Tapia Clara
Published: April 2024

El artículo reflexiona sobre la experiencia en proyectos de transferencia entre la universidad y cooperativas textiles. Parte de la pregunta ¿cuáles son las formas para favorecer el desarrollo instrumentos de diseño desde el sector de CyT, que fortalezcan las capacidades de la Economía Social? Como hipótesis propone que el diseño de producto es el medio estratégico para el desarrollo de capacidades de gestión en la ES y el instrumento indicador para las instituciones de CyT. Concluye que el diseño puede innovar cuando colabora con la totalidad de los actores en soluciones sistémicas que implican acciones innovadoras y corrimientos en las lógicas productivas para fortalecer a sus asociados.
Retrospective evaluation of voriconazole treatment in psittacines: 14 cases (2012–2023)
Authors: Hinkle Daria , Mans Christoph
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE

To retrospectively evaluate the clinical use of voriconazole in psittacine patients for the treatment of suspected respiratory fungal infections.

ANIMALS

14 client-owned psittacine birds.

METHODS

Medical records were searched from 2012 to 2023 for voriconazole use in psittacines. Species, age, clinical signs, physical examination findings, CT reports, bloodwork results, treatment, and outcome were obtained from the records or client follow-up.

RESULTS

African grey parrots were the most prevalent species (8/14). Dyspnea (9/14) and abnormal respiratory auscultation (11/14) were the most common examination abnormalities. An initial CT was performed in all cases, and pneumonia (10/14) and air sac disease (9/14) were the most common findings, with 8 cases having both pulmonary and air sac disease. Voriconazole doses ranged from 10 to 21 mg/kg (median, 16 mg/kg), with most cases prescribed as every-12-hour frequency (12/14). Three of 14 (21%) cases died or were euthanized within 24 days of diagnosis. One case was euthanized at 311 days, and 6 cases were lost to follow-up. Four of 14 (29%) cases lived > 12 months from diagnosis. Two of these cases cleared clinical infection after receiving voriconazole at 17 to 18 mg/kg (q 12 h). No adverse effects attributable to voriconazole were reported.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Voriconazole can be safely used for the treatment of suspected fungal respiratory infection in psittacines. However, the prognosis for resolution is guarded, and prolonged treatment and repeated diagnostic imaging are necessary in many cases.
Approaches using genome-wide association studies and heat stress resistance related genes in chicken – a review
Authors: Asadollahi Hamed , Bagheri Mehri
Published: April 2024

Heat stress-induced reduction in feed intake in an annoyance of the poultry industry. High environmental temperature is a serious stress affecting economic and biological efficiency of poultry production in tropical and subtropical regions countries that are expected to become more prominent with global climate change. An effective tool for improving heat tolerance can be genomic selection based on single nucleotide polymorphisms. In the past few years, new molecular tools have been developed, such as RNA-Seq, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), and bioinformatics approaches such as Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). Based on these genetic tools, many studies have detected the main pathways involved in cellular response mechanisms. This study aims to present chicken genomic regions controlling survival against heat stress. Genetic studies conducted on experimental lines can therefore be of potential interest for marker-assisted selection in commercial lines. Also, survivability to high temperature might be due to the SNP markers that are located inside or close to the genes such as CEP78, MEF2C, VPS13A, ARRDC3, and which had relatively biological pathways in heat shock resistance.
Advocates and Legal Advisers in Civil Proceedings in Kazakhstan: Is Advocate Monopoly Required?
Authors: Zhamburbayeva Sabina , Ilyassova Gulzhazira
Published: April 2024

This paper intends to assess the feasibility of introducing a lawyer’s monopoly in Kazakhstan. The main purpose of the study is to analyze the current legal provisions of the Republic of Kazakhstan regarding judicial representatives authorized to provide legal assistance on behalf of civil proceedings. The work examines foreign experience from the point of view of the applicability of best practices. The study notes the shortcomings of the recently adopted legislative acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of regulation of advocateship. Attention is focused on the fact that it is the legal profession that should serve as the key to the effective implementation of the constitutional right of citizens to receive qualified legal assistance. An advocates’ monopoly on judicial representation will contribute to the establishment of a single ecosystem that consolidates special professional groups and independent lawyer associations capable of providing qualified legal assistance.
The Royal Proclamation of 1763
Authors: George III
Published: April 2024

George III. (1763). London: Printed by Mark Baskett, Printer to the King’s most Excellent Majesty; and by the Assigns of Robert Baskett. http://www.aadnc-aandcgc.ca/eng/1370355181092/1370355203645

Miller, J.R. (2009). Compact, Contract, Covenant: Aboriginal Treaty-Making in Canada.Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Myths, damn myths, and voting system change
Authors: Pilon Dennis
Published: April 2024

“Myths, Damn Myths, and Voting System Change” argues that the debate over voting system reform in Canada is all wrong—and that political scientists must bear most of the blame. Academics have framed the debate on the issue as a kind of popularity contest, one where the public is encouraged to take sides on the basis of the values they prefer their institutions embody. They claim that different voting systems reflect value tradeoffs on issues like simplicity, stability, local representation, and accountability. But these are myths. This essay examines each of these claims as well as arguments that insist referenda should be required to effect change, and finds that all lack compelling evidence. By contrast, “Myths, Damn Myths, and Voting System Change” argues that voting system reform is really an attempt to apply democratic values of inclusion, equality, and equity to Canadian electoral institutions, and offers a sounder, historically informed, evidence-based way to do it.
Efecto térmico y del procesamiento por inyección de piezas plásticas en su desempeño mecánico
Authors: Vargas-Isaza Carlos A. , Posada-Correa Juan C. , Urrego Yepes William , Castro-Caicedo Álvaro J
Published: April 2024

El grado de calidad de piezas fabricadas por inyección de termoplásticos se puede establecer por el peso del producto, apariencia y mínimos defectos. Adicionalmente, las condiciones del proceso de inyección pueden inducir un efecto en el desempeño mecánico de las piezas inyectadas, donde los esfuerzos residuales de la pieza inyectada generados en el procesamiento pueden promover la formación de grietas o fallas prematuras del producto durante su uso al aplicarle una carga o fuerza externa. El propósito del presente trabajo es evaluar el efecto que genera el procesamiento por inyección en una pieza inyectada en el desempeño mecánico de esta. Para tal fin, se inyectaron probetas bajo diferentes condiciones de proceso y posteriormente estas fueron sometidas a pruebas mecánicas de flexión, algunas piezas fueron llevadas a un tratamiento térmico de recocido “annealing”, con el fin de obtener una relajación molecular que permita reducir sus esfuerzos internos o residuales generados durante el proceso de inyección. Adicionalmente, se hizo una evaluación cualitativa de la distribución de esfuerzos residuales en las piezas inyectadas mediante la técnica de fotoelasticidad, para complementar y validar los resultados de las pruebas mecánicas. Se halló en los resultados de las muestras inyectadas a temperatura de molde de 50 ºC una mayor liberación de esfuerzos residuales de acuerdo con las imágenes de fotoelasticidad analizadas y un mayor porcentaje de incremento en la resistencia a la flexión de estas piezas al aplicar el tratamiento térmico. Lo que podría sugerir una mayor generación de esfuerzos residuales a esta temperatura de molde con respecto a la temperatura de molde recomendada de 80 ºC. El efecto de tratamiento térmico mejora significativamente el desempeño mecánico de todas las piezas evaluadas a las diferentes condiciones de proceso.
كلمة "في" القرآنية وأثرها في توجيه المعنى القرآني ( آية الصدقات إنموذجاً )
Authors: علوان الموسوي سلام خليل
Published: April 2024

الحمد لله رب العالمين الذي انزل على عبده الكتاب ولم يجعل له عوجاً ، والصلاة والسلام على النبي الأمين وعلى آله وصحبه أفضل صلاة وأتم تسليم .
أما بعد :                          
    فمن المعروف ان جميع الدراسات اللغوية والشرعية تتخذ من القرآن الكريم قواعد أساسية لها فهو المهيمن على كل كلام ، فأسراره لا تنقطع ، وعجائبه لا تنتهي ، ومهما حاول العلماء الوقوف على اسراره ينهلوا من شهده ما يطيب لهم ، ويأتي الآخرون ليجدوا أنهم لم يبلغوا هدفهم فيكتشفوا الدرر ، وتشكل حروف الجر في القرآن الكريم مبحثاً مهماً لكل باحث بما تتسم به من ايراد كل حرف في مكانه المناسب له من حيث بيان دلالاتها المعجزة للخلق ، ومن بين هذه الحروف اخترنا حرف الجر "في" فوجدته موضوعاً لا يستطيع الباحث أن يلم بأطرافه في بحث صغير ، وان كان مبحث دراستنا مقيد بالقرآن الكريم الا أن المباحث التي يمكن ان يتناولها هذا الحرف في القرآن الكريم كثيرة جداً ، لذا أقتصر البحث بالدراسة لإنموذجاً واحداً ، وهو أثر هذا الحرف في توجيه المعنى القرآني لآية الزكاة ، وهي قوله تعالى:﴿ إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْعَامِلِينَ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَفِي الرِّقَابِ وَالْغَارِمِينَ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ فَرِيضَةً مِنَ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ﴾(1)، وقسمت البحث على ثلاثة مباحث تكلمت في المبحث الأول على أماكن وجود كلمة في القرآنية بصيغها المختلفة ، وكان المبحث الثاني في معاني كلمة "في" القرآنية ، وأما المبحث الثالث فقد كان في آثار كلمة "في" في توجيه المعنى القرآني ، ثم تلت هذه المباحث خاتمة لأهم نتائج البحث ، ثم قائمة للمصادر والمراجع .
الموقف الشعبي من الاستفتاء البريطاني في العراق 1918-1919
Authors: محمد ابتسام حمود
Published: April 2024

الاستفتاء الشعبي هو تقليد ديمقراطي يرتكز بشكل مباشر على الشعب، لأخذ رأيه بالتأييد والموافقة أو الرفض بأي موضوع عام، سواء كان الموضوع قانونيًا أو دستوريًا أو سياسًا، أو قرارًا صادرًا من سلطات الدولة التنفيذية والتشريعية، ويعد الاستفتاء مظهرًا ديمقراطيًا يتجلى به رأي الشعب ورغبته. لا يُقصد بالشعب جميع المواطنين، بل الشعب بمعناه السياسي الذي يشمل جميع المواطنين الذين يملكون حقوقًا سياسية ممن تندرج أسماؤهم في جداول الانتخابات النيابية وتتوافر فيهم شروط الناخب، الذي تقوم بتطبيقه معظم البلاد بدلًا من الاقتراع المقيد؛ وذلك لأنّ الاستفتاء الشعبي أداةٌ تمثل الديمقراطية بكل وضوح، ليكون للناخب البسيط دورٌ في تمثيل التعديلات الدستورية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية. ترتبط هذه التعديلات بشكل مباشر مع معاشه اليوميّ، وبناء على ذلك فإنّ الاستفتاء الشعبي لا بد أن يحتوي على عنصرين أساسين لتحقيقه، وهما: أن يُطبق الاستفتاء الشعبيّ لأجل عرض موضوع عام على الشعب، وأن يصدر قرارًا من الشعب يُقِر به بالموافقة أو الرفض.
وبغية تهدئة الحالة السياسية في العراق، ورغبة بريطانيا في تحقيق الاستقلال الشكلي وفقاً لما نوه عنه التصريح البريطاني – الفرنسي في تشرين الثاني 1918م، اظهرت السياسة البريطانية أن العراقيين غير مؤهلين لتحمل الاستقلال الذاتي ، ووجوب إجراء الاستفتاء العام خلال المدة من نهاية عام 1918م وبداية عام 1919م، حول نظام الحكم، الذي دعت له رؤساء العشائر وممن ارتبطت مصالحهم مع السلطات البريطانية، في التصديق على صيغة معينة تضمن الشروط التي وضعتها في إبقاء الحكم البريطاني المباشر.
المجالس النيابية العراقية في العهد الملكي 1925-1933 (مسوغات التشكيل وأسباب الحل)
Authors: رحيم أمجد خضير
Published: April 2024

بعد الاحتلال البريطاني للعراق عام 1917، ومن ثَمَ قيام الحكم الملكي على إثر تنصيب الأمير فيصل بن الحسين ملكاً على العراق في الثالث والعشرين من آب 1921، صدرت الإرادة الملكية في التاسع عشر من تشرين الأول 1922، بتشكيل المجلس التأسيسي العراقي، لغرض إنجاز المهام الثلاثة التي أوكلت إليهِ، التي تضمنت: تشريع القانون العراقي (الدستور)، وسن قانون انتخاب مجلس النواب، والمصادقة على المعاهدة العراقية - البريطانية لعام 1922. وبعد أنَّ أنجزت تلك المهام، أخذ يعرف نظام الحكم الملكي في العراق بنظام الحكم البرلماني.
لقد تشكلت على إثر إصدار قانون انتخاب مجلس النواب في الثاني من آب 1924 أربعة مجالس نيابية خلال المدة (1925 - 1933)، وكان تشكيلها خلال حكم الملك فيصل الأول. ومن هنا أخذ العراق يعيش حالة الصراع السياسي بين الساسة العراقيين، فكان أنَّ أصبحت السلطة التشريعية ضحية ذلك الصراع، إذ قامَ العديد من رؤوساء الوزارات بتشكيل المجالس النيابية ومن ثَمَ الأمر بحلها وبموافقة الملك.
فاعلية برنامج تدخل مبكر قائم على اللعب الإلكتروني في تنمية المهارات الادراكية للأطفال ذوي الإعاقة الفكرية ضمن الفئة العمرية 2-5 سنوات
Authors: فلمبان بشاير محمد , القضــاة ضـرار محمد
Published: April 2024

هدف البحث الحالي إلى التأكد من فاعلية برنامج التدخل المبكر القائم على اللعب الإلكتروني في تنمية المهارات الإدراكية للأطفال ذوي الإعاقة الفكرية ضمن الفئة العمرية (2-5) سنوات. باستخدام المنهج شبه التجريبي ذي المجموعة الواحدة. ولتحقيق أهداف البحث قام الباحثان بإعداد وتطبيق مقياس وبرنامج للمهارات المعرفية الإدراكية. على عينة البحث المكونة من (11) طفلًا من ذوي الإعاقة الفكرية البسيطة، والمتوسطة والذين تم اختيـارهم بشكل قصـدي. وأظهرت النتائج فعالية البرنامج والمحافظة على هذا التحسن بمرور الوقت؛ حيث أظهرت النتـائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (α=0.05) بين القياسين القبلي والبعدي على مقياس المهارات الإدراكية (السمعية، البصرية) للأطفال ذوي الإعاقة الفكرية، ولصالح القياس البعدي. كما أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (α=0.05) بين القياسين البعدي والمتابعة على مقياس مهارات الإدراكية (السمعية، البصرية) للأطفال ذوي الإعاقة الفكرية؛ ما يدل على استمرار الأثر طويل المدى للبرنامج، ويوصي الباحثان بضرورة تفعيل البرامج التربوية القائمة على الألعاب الإلكترونية المختلفة لتنمية المهارات الإدراكية للأطفال ذوي الإعاقة الفكرية، وتوظيفها بشكل فعال في العملية التعليمة لهم.
Phytochemical, Nutritional and Pharmacological Potentialities of Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.,): A Review
Authors:   Department of Biology, Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Morocco, R El Kahkahi , M Moustaine ,   Laboratory of Botany and Plant Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco, R Zouhair ,   Department of Biology, Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Morocco, R Errakhi ,   Eurofins Agroscience Services, Meknes, Morocco, M Ait Chitt ,   El Bassatine Domaine, Meknes, Morocco
Published: April 2024

Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) belongs to the leguminosae family and it is manly cultivated in Mediterranean regions. It is well accepted by the people for its nutritional, pharmacological, phytochemical and therapeutic functions in the human body. Seeds and pulp of Ceratonia siliqua are eaten by humans or to animals, which contain carbohydrates, fibers, polyphenol, minerals and many other phytochemicals. This review aims to represent the nutritional and pharmacological activities of Ceratonia siliqua L. To have a better understanding, we have discussed the nutritional status of Ceratonia siliqua L., its available phytochemicals and their functional properties. The availability of various important phytochemicals along with their functional properties makes Ceratonia siliqua L. valuable for pharmaceuticals and industry.
Symptomology of the Main Fungal Diseases of the Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum) and Its Management
Authors:   Laboratoire des Productions Végétales, Animales et Agro-industrie, Equipe de Botanique, Biotechnologie et Protection des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences, Université-Ibn Tofail- Kénitra-Maroc, Morocco, Moustaine Meryama
Published: April 2024

The tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is the second most important vegetable crop after the potato in the world. It is a hot season crop; it requires a warm and cool climate. The plant is strongly affected by unfavorable climatic conditions. The warm and cool climatic conditions offer an ideal condition for the development of many diseases of leaf plants, stems and soils. The main fungal diseases of the tomato are: Damping of seedlings, Downy mildew, Alternaria, Gray mold, Septriosis, Powdery mildew, Root and crown rot, Fusarium wilt, Verticillium wilt, Cladosporiosis, Corky root, Sclerotiniosis, Anthracnosis, Pink rot and Stemphyliosis. In our work wa have cited for each disease the main symptoms and their of control.
New Strategy of Micronutrients Combined with Dietary and Lifestyle Adjustment for Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy and Partially Restoration
Authors:   Department of Intensive Care Unit, the Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University (the Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province), Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China, Xiu Guanghui , Zeng Yueqin ,   School of Biomedical Engineer, Kunming Medical University, Kunming ,Yunnan, China, Li Jin-Tao ,   The Institute of Neuroscience of Kunming Medical University, China
Published: April 2024

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia resulting in memory loss, difficulty with thinking, and behavioral changes. To date, AD is continuously known as an incurative disease of the aged, and therefore has been widely considered as a challenge for clinical neurology both in the therapy, prevention and prognosis as well, thus bringing about heavy burden to not only the patients, their family, but also even the society. In this review, it has been proposed a new strategy synthetically implemented for the prevention and even partially restoration of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), in which multiple micronutrients, combined with diet and lifestyle adjustment, were used for AD patients and people who already had the pro-phase symptom. Based on the notions, evidence and beneficial methods are put forward. It is promising to install a better and more efficacious AD administration system, with aim to reduce the incidence rate and elevate the life quality of AD patients in a sooner future.
Pharmacokinetics and Molecular Docking Studies of Sinapaldehyde and MCM7 Protein against Meier-Gorlin Syndrome
Authors:   School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India, AD Barman , A Ghosh ,   School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
Published: April 2024

Objective: The objective of this study to investigate the MCM7 protein in contrast to Meier-Gorlin Syndrome which contains most of the ORC1, ORC4, ORC6, CDT1, and CDC6 causative genes in the preinitiation complex disruptions. Methods: Sinapaldehyde and MCM7 were retrieved from Protein Data bank and PubChem database in the format of PDB and SDF format. Further, SDF format was converted to PDB format using Biovia Discovery Studio visualizer. Sinapaldehyde was subjected to pharmacoinformatics study as well as Molecular Docking analysis to find out the best anti-Gorlin potential. Results: Sinapaldehyde showed the -5.9kcal/mol binding affinity against MCM7 protein which considers to be a better candidate drug molecule against Meier-Gorlin Syndrome and validated using Pharmacokinetics mechanism. Conclusion: Molecular Docking studies and ADMET analysis showed the inhibitory activity of Sinapaldehyde with respect to Meier-Gorlin Syndrome and related pathway analysis and can be better compound for in vitro studies for future perspectives.
Pharmacological Application of Ginger
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Central Univerity College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Ali Neima Mohammed , Mamo Tadios Tesfaye ,   Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Published: April 2024

The basic four components of the Zingiber officinale plant, often known as ginger, are phenols, alkaloids, mucilage, and volatile oils. However, an aromatic essential oil made mainly of sesquiterpenoids, particularly (-)-Zingiberene with smaller amounts of bisabolene, farnesene, -sesquiphellandrene, phellandrene, cineol, and citral. Recent research has shown that ginger has a number of health advantages, including the reduction of menstrual cramps, immune-boosting qualities, treatment of lymphoma, osteoarthritis, ovarian cancer, radiation exposure, blood sugar and cholesterol problems, cataract prevention, chemotherapy-induced nausea relief, and more.
Systems Pharmacology-Based Research on the Mechanism of Danzhi Xiaoyao San in the Treatment of Depression
Authors:   State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, China, Zhang Jingxiao , Chen Ziyi ,   State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, China, Gao Fengge ,   College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, China, Fan Yanli ,   College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, China, Huang Xuezhen ,   College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, China, Zhou Wei ,   State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, China
Published: April 2024

Depression is a common and serious mental disorder characterized by persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest in activities. Despite conventional treatments can improve depression symptoms and prevent a recurrence, complementary and alternative therapies are necessary to be involved because of the detrimental effects of the current therapy. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulas are considered to be a potential complementary method with special advantages for treating the multiple pathogenesis of depression in a holistic way. However, the underlying pharmacological mechanism of TCM formula on depression therapy remained elusive. Therefore, in current study, a systems pharmacology approach integrating Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) filtering, target fishing, gene enrichment analysis, network pharmacology, and pathway analysis was developed to comprehensively explore the multiple therapeutic mechanisms of Danzhi Xiaoyao San (DZXYS) for the treatment of depression. Finally, 111 active components and 112 potential targets of DZXYS were identified through ADME filtering and target fishing. Gene enrichment analysis found that DZXYS played a significant role in treating depression through the regulation of multiple pathogenesis including neurotransmitter systems imbalance, brain derived neurotrophic factor, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation, inflammation, and immune. Moreover, the compound-target and target-pathway networks were constructed to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of DZXYS from the system perspective. This study proposes a promising way for facilitating in-depth understanding of the complicated therapeutic mechanism of TCM on depression.