bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalência e recorrência de litíase urinária em uma população de estudantes universitários da grande São Paulo
Authors: Gusson Daiane Guerra , Malagutti William , De Deus Rogério Barbosa , Rodrigues Francisco Sandro Menezes , Ferraz Renato Ribeiro Nogueira
Published: May 2011

Introdução: A litíase urinária (LU) é uma doença de grande prevalência mundial que gera muitos custos aos sistemas de saúde. Objetivos: Identificar a prevalência e recorrência de LU em uma amostra de estudantes universitários da cidade de São Paulo. Método: Dos 125 participantes (29M/96F,28±6anos), foram coletados dados com respeito a idade, sexo, etnia, altura, IMC, ocorrência regressa de episódios de LU e de eliminação de cálculos, realização de litotripsia, orientação dietética e medicamentosa. Resultados: Dos entrevistados, 9,6% relataram ter apresentado ao menos um episódio de litíase urinária, houve recorrência em 43% deles. Nenhum utilizava medicamentos para prevenção, sendo o aumento da ingestão hídrica a única orientação recebida. Conclusões: Entretanto, tal ingestão não foi suficiente para evitar uma alta taxa de recorrência dessa doença. A investigação metabólica deve fazer parte do protocolo de atendimento ao litiásico, visando prevenir a recorrência, reduzir o custo e o desconforto de repetidos episódios de LU.
Avaliação postural em hemiparéticos por meio do software SAPo – Relato de caso
Authors: Farias Nayara Corrêa , Rech Isabela , Ribeiro Beatriz Guimarães , Oliveira Claudia Santos , Menna Wagner , Albuquerque Carlos Eduardo de , Kerppers Ivo Ilvan
Published: May 2011

Objetivos: Analisar a metodologia de avaliação postural do SAPo (software para avaliação postural) para utilizá-lo no projeto de extensão Fisioterapia orientada à tarefa em portadores de sequela de Acidente Vascular Encefálico – AVE. Método: A amostra foi constituída por quatro pacientes hemiparéticos, sendo três mulheres e um homem, com idades entre 43-63 anos. Os pacientes foram avaliados individualmente, por avaliador único, pelo protocolo SAPo, na Clínica de Fisioterapia da UNIOESTE. Resultados: O estudo demonstrou que a avaliação clínica dos pacientes foi associada ao resultado do relatório gerado pelo SAPo. Conclusão: Acredita-se que a metodologia de avaliação postural pelo SAPo, para avaliar pacientes hemiparéticos, pode ser utilizada.
Retenção prolongada de segundos molares decíduos inferiores: relato de caso
Authors: Corrêa Fernanda Nahás Pires , Ruschel Henrique Castilhos , Abanto Jenny , Corrêa Maria Salete Nahás Pires
Published: May 2011

A erupção dentária depende de um equilíbrio fisiológico, sendo assim, um atraso ou uma erupção precoce podem indicar alguma alteração nesse processo. Diferentes são os fatores que alteram a cronologia normal de erupção, podendo ser estes de ordem local, sistêmicos ou relativos ao meio ambiente. OBJETIVOS: Neste artigo, apresenta-se o caso de uma paciente, de 11 anos de idade, com retenção prolongada de segundos molares decíduos inferiores e consequente erupção retardada dos sucessores permanentes. MÉTODO: Serão discutidos os aspectos mais relevantes desta alteração, enfatizando seu tratamento, possíveis fatores etiológicos, bem como sua resolução clínica. RESULTADOS: A abordagem do caso envolveu a exodontia dos segundos molares decíduos e teve como proposta uma melhor condução clínica, considerando-se o planejamento ortodôntico prévio. CONCLUSÃO: O correto diagnóstico, por meio da anamnese, exame clínico e radiográfico devem ser realizados, assim como também medidas para impedir a erupção retardada e a impactação dos dentes permanentes sucessores.
Assessment of Parkinson disease patients before and after a physical activity program
Authors: Santana Diego Luis Ballio , Pinto Rodrigo Cruz , Finkelsztejn Alessandro , Fragoso Yara Dadalti
Published: May 2011

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to assess the influence of a tailored physical activity program on specific parameters in Parkinson Disease (PD) patients. METHOD: PD patients were assessed before and after six months of a tailored physical activity program. Twenty PD patients (13 M, 7 F), mean age 55 years. Aerobic, resistance and stretching exercises. No special apparatus or machine was used at any stage of the program. There was no interference with the pharmacologic treatment, which remained at the discretion of the physician in charge. Fatigue, disability, joint amplitude, cardiorespiratory parameters and body fat composition were assessed. Comparisons were performed using the Student’s t-test at baseline and after six months. RESULTS: There was a significant (p0.001) and positive effect of this physical activity program in all assessed parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Despite this chronic, disabling and progressive neurological disease, PD patients showed significant improvement in all assessed parameters after participating in a specific and tailored physical activity program.
Principais complicações clínicas odontológicas pós-operatórias da cirurgia de terceiro molar incluso/impactado
Authors: Martins Márcio , Garcia Marco Antonio Pazos Y , Fernandes Moisés Veloso , Reis Ellen Maria Francisco , Vilela Rafael Roberto , Azevedo Teni Silveira , Pires Neto João Eugênio , Kurihara William
Published: May 2011

Introdução: A impactação dentária é uma condição em que a erupção completa de um dente é interrompida em razão de seu contato com outro(s) dente(s). A falta de espaço disponível na região bucal ocorre devido ao menor crescimento ósseo da caixa craniana em detrimento dos maxilares, apresentando, em 33% dos casos, terceiros molares impactados. A sintomatologia dolorosa precoce e sinais, tais como febre, anorexia, trismo e mastigação dificultada podem caracterizar a presença de uma pericoronarite local, sendo a remoção cirúrgica do terceiro molar frequentemente indicada. As complicações pós-operatórias também podem ocorrer e limitar o prognóstico clínico deste procedimento. Objetivo/Método: Neste estudo retrospectivo, analisou-se a incidência destas intercorrências em prontuários de pacientes na Clínica de Odontologia, da Unicastelo, em 2008. Resultados: A análise descritiva dos dados revelou complicações em 75% dos indivíduos, com predomínio da dor pós-operatória em 77,2% (n=24). Conclusão: Esses resultados mostram à importância de considerar a dor, após exodontia, frente às intervenções terapêuticas adotadas.
Eficácia do citrato como anticoagulante na hemodiálise veno-venosa contínua com ciclo de 60 horas em unidade de terapia intensiva
Authors: Amorim Ângelo Mário Vieira , De Deus Rogério Barbosa , Rodrigues Francisco Sandro Menezes , Malagutti William , Ferraz Renato Ribeiro Nogueira
Published: May 2011

Introdução: Os rins são responsáveis pela manutenção da estabilidade do meio interno do organismo. Insuficiência renal é uma condição na qual os rins falham na tentativa de remover os produtos finais do metabolismo. O tratamento com Terapia Renal Substitutiva (TRS) é recomendado quando a função renal é inferior a 10-15%, sendo a hemodiálise (HD) a modalidade mais comum. Os circuitos utilizados na HD devem permanecer permeáveis para garantir um desempenho adequado do sistema, sendo o citrato um anticoagulante utilizado para esse fim. O citrato age como um quelante do cálcio sanguíneo, devendo ser reposto endovenosamente. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do citrato como anticoagulante nos sistemas de HD contínua por meio da análise dos valores de uréia plasmática pré e dialisato. Resultados: Observamos que a uréia plasmática, um dos principais indicadores de permeabilidade do filtro, no geral, apresentou decréscimo de seus valores. Conclusão: O citrato apresenta comprovada eficácia quando utilizado como anticoagulante na HD, desde que o cálcio sérico seja reposto adequadamente.
Risco biomecânico de técnicos de enfermagem de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Mazullo Filho João Batista Raposo , Carneiro Nely Silva , Rocha Gilvânia Melo , Costa Lopes Layene Castelo Branco , Andrade Michelle Silva , Rodrigues Thayrine Amorim , Lacerda Engels Zalmon Carvalho
Published: May 2011

Introdução: Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTIs) são consideradas causa de estresse da equipe profissional, por ser um ambiente fechado e no qual os profissionais são submetidos a um ritmo de trabalho extenuante que interfere na sua condição física. Objetivos: Identificar os riscos biomecânicos de técnicos de enfermagem da UTI. Métodos: Estudo observacional e transversal, realizado com 26 colaboradores, que possibilitou que se avaliasse o risco biomecânico, com a Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), os escores padronizados com software virtual do grupo Ergonomic Workplace Solution; e a análise do Segmento em Sobrecarga Biomecânica (SSB) com Corel Draw®X4. Resultados: A ferramenta Rula evidenciou que o banho dos pacientes, efetuado pelos avaliados, representa pontuação máxima de riscos, tanto pela postura empregada quanto pela repetitividade dos movimentos. A análise do SSB mostrou pontos críticos, especialmente sobre o posicionamento angular da coluna lombar, por uso incorreto da biomecânica corporal. Conclusão: Essa pesquisa evidenciou que os avaliados realizam atividades que lhes proporcionam riscos biomecânicos elevados.
O intenso e vazio viver maníaco-melancólico
Authors: Aparecido Milva Natali , Corrêa Lucélia Albuquerque
Published: May 2011

Introdução: A experiência maníaco-melancólica é marcada pelo sofrimento, restrição e perda da liberdade em seu modo-de-ser-no-mundo. É comum atitudes de estranhamento, afastamento não só da pessoa que vive essa experiência, como dos entes ao seu redor. Objetivos: Buscar uma aproximação entre a Mania e a Melancolia, considerando algumas similaridades na vivência dos existenciais como a espacialidade, a temporalidade, a corporeidade e a afinação. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica acerca da vivência maníaco-melancólica, pautada nos pressupostos do referencial fenomenológico: Existencial. Resultados: Percebemos em ambas experiências um não desdobramento do tempo, uma não realização das possibilidades futuras, um não relacionamento com as coisas do mundo e uma perda de projeção da corporeidade no mundo.Conclusão: A Mania e a Melancolia são compreendidas não como uma doença, mas como um modo de ser no mundo em que a liberdade de escolhas de vir a ser encontra-se limitada.
Escalas de avaliação funcional aplicáveis a pacientes pós acidente vascular encefálico
Authors: Soriano Filipe Ferreira S. , Baraldi Karen
Published: May 2011

Introdução: O Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE) é uma das principais causas de incapacitação física em todo o mundo. A avaliação funcional fisioterapêutica tem por finalidade traçar diagnósticos terapêuticos, prognósticos e avaliar respostas aos tratamentos de pacientes com sequelas dessa doença. Objetivo: Apresentar e discutir a tradução, adaptação, validade e aplicação das escalas de avaliação funcional, utilizando um questionário quantitativo aplicável a adultos com sequelas agudas e crônicas decorrentes de AVE. Método: Realizou-se revisão literária analítica descritiva nas fontes eletrônicas da Bireme, LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO, PubMed e Google Scholar. Resultados: Encontraram-se 11 instrumentos avaliativos: (1) IB, (2) F-M, (3) MIF, (4) THMMS, (5) EEB, (6) NIHSS, (7) TEMPA, (8) ER, (9) EAPA, (10) ECT, (11) EDT. Conclusão: As escalas encontradas apresentaram características de fácil aplicação, adaptação e confiabilidade, sendo recomendadas ao tratamento fisioterapêutico.
Cárie dentária e fluorose em município na Região Norte sem água fluoretada
Authors: Sousa Kathleen Rebêlo de , Almeida Maria Eliana Cruz de , Sousa Maria da Luz Rosário de
Published: May 2011

Introdução: Manaus não apresenta fluoretos na água de abastecimento público, mesmo sendo a oitava cidade mais populosa do Brasil. Objetivo: O objetivo neste trabalho foi conhecer as condições de saúde bucal de escolares aos 12 anos de idade, em relação à cárie dentária, nesse município de grande porte sem fluoretação da água de abastecimento público, no ano de 2003. Métodos: Os dados neste estudo foram obtidos do Projeto SB Brasil (MS) de 2003. Foi aplicada uma técnica de amostragem por conglomerados em três estágios que permitiu a produção de inferências para cada uma das macrorregiões brasileiras, por porte do município e para cada idade ou grupo etário. Foram examinadas 102 crianças de 12 anos das escolas públicas de Manaus. Resultados: O CPOD em Manaus (2003) foi 3,20. Conclusão: Portanto, atingir a meta para o ano de 2010 de CPOD menor que 1,0 está distante da real condição do Município de Manaus.
Avaliação do perfil glicêmico de portadores de Diabetes Mellitus tipo II em UBSs que utilizam infusão de folhas de Bauhinia forficata Link
Authors: Moraes Emily Arcari de , Rempel Claudete , Périco Eduardo , Strohschoen Andreia Aparecida Guimarães
Published: May 2011

Introdução: O Diabetes Mellitus (DM) é uma condição crônica de saúde caracterizada pelo excesso de glicose no sangue, em razão da produção deficiente de insulina ou pela resistência à sua ação nos tecidos. Objetivo: Comparar o perfil glicêmico de 20 portadores de DM2, usuários de Unidades Básicas de Saúde de municípios do interior do Rio Grande do Sul, mais especificamente de Dois Lajeados e Vespasiano Corrêa. Os indivíduos foram separados em dois grupos quanto ao uso ou não de infusão de folhas de Bauhinia forficata. Métodos: Foi realizada quinzenalmente, durante 75 dias, a avaliação da glicemia em jejum dos voluntários pelo Human Gene Therapy (HGT). Resultados: O grupo 1 obteve diminuição significativa no perfil glicêmico (t = 3.0449, p = 0.0139), enquanto o grupo 2 não obteve alteração significativa no perfil glicêmico (t = -0.8511, p = 0.4167). Conclusão: A utilização da infusão de folhas de B. forficata é auxiliar no controle da glicemia.
Influência do alongamento muscular e da mobilização neural sobre a força do músculo quadríceps
Authors: Lopes Rauena Souto Diogo , Barja Paulo Roxo , De Matos Ludmilla Karen Brandão Lima , Delmondes Felipe Da Fonseca , Lopes Pablo Francisco Diogo , Silva Klaus Avelino Santos e , Lima Mario Oliveira
Published: May 2011

Introdução: A mobilização neural e o alongamento muscular estático têm o objetivo de promover a amplitude de movimento. Objetivo: Comparar a influência do alongamento muscular e da mobilização neural na força isométrica de quadríceps. Metodologia: Participaram 39 voluntários, gênero masculino, entre 18 e 27 anos. Foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos com 13 indivíduos cada. Um grupo submetido ao alongamento estático de 30 segundos (GAE), um à mobilização neural (GMN) e um grupo controle (GC) que não fez nenhuma intervenção. O nível de significância estatística adotado foi p≤0,05. Resultados: Houve melhora significativa da força muscular no GMN e diferença importante na força antes e após os atendimentos, comparando-se o grupo movimentação neural com o alongamento e com o controle. Conclusões: A mobilização neural foi efetiva para aumentar a força muscular de quadríceps e após a realização do alongamento estático houve redução da força.
Análise do comportamento motor em ratos acometidos por acidente vascular encefálico
Authors: Kerppers Ivo Ilvan , Justus Guilherme , Pereira Mario César Da Silva , Carvalho Regiane Albertini de
Published: May 2011

Introdução: O acidente vascular cerebral é a doença neurológica que mais frequentemente acomete o sistema nervoso e é a principal causa de incapacidades físicas e mentais. Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento motor em modelos de animais após cirurgia de oclusão da carótida comum. Método: Foram utilizados 16 ratos Wistars, e foi realizado cirurgia anteriormente na cervical para exposição da carótida comum, sendo obstruída por pinça hemostática. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos, GI e GII Resultados: Na análise estatística, os valores da média e desvio-padrão para a reação normal foi de 42,5±0,70 e para a reação de flexão 0,0±0,0 para o Grupo I. Para o grupo II, a média e o desvio-padrão para reação normal foi de 36,0±1,41 e para a reação de flexão, de 20,0±2,82. Conclusão: A atividade física é essencial para o dia a dia em pacientes portadores de lesão neurológica, proporcionando melhora locomotora.
Avaliação da técnica de drenagem linfática manual no tratamento do fibro edema geloide em mulheres
Authors: Brandão Daniele Silva Martins , Almeida Adriana Ferreira de , Silva Juliane Cabral , Oliveira Ranulfa Gabriela Cândida Queiroz de , Araújo Rodrigo Cappato de , Pitangui Ana Carolina Rodarti
Published: May 2011

Introdução: A drenagem linfática manual (DLM) é uma terapia utilizada no tratamento do fibro edema geloide (FEG). Objetivo: Analisar o efeito da DLM no tratamento do FEG. Métodos: Realizou-se uma avaliação no início e no fim do tratamento em 10 voluntárias com FEG, de grau I ao III, que constava de anamnese, inspeção, palpação, perimetria e testes específicos. Foram feitos registros fotográficos dos glúteos e das coxas superiores. A terapia constou de 10 sessões de DLM com duração de 60 minutos. Na análise de dados, utilizaram-se os testes t pareado, exato de Fisher e Wilcoxon, com nível de significância de p0.05. Resultados: Houve diferença estatística no grau de satisfação das pacientes com o FEG. Não houve diferença significante no grau do FEG, porém constatou-se melhora clínica no aspecto da pele. Todas as pacientes relataram estar satisfeitas com o tratamento. Não houve diferença estatística na perimetria. Conclusão: A DLM demonstrou ser uma terapêutica coadjuvante no tratamento do FEG, com melhora da autoestima e da satisfação das pacientes.
Efeito de diferentes calçados no ínicio da atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos estabilizadores da patela
Authors: Souza Lucas Pereira Lopes de , Oliveira Valéria Mayaly Alves de , Batista Laísla Da Silva Paixão , Pitangui Ana Carolina Rodarti , Araújo Rodrigo Cappato de , Pinotti Marcos
Published: May 2011

Introdução: A síndrome da dor femoropatelar (SDFP) é caracterizada por uma dor difusa na região retopatelar. A SDFP tem maior prevalência em mulheres jovens e sua etiologia não é totalmente conhecida. Objetivo: O objetivo desse trabalho foi comparar a porcentagem de disparo inicial (PDI) dos músculos vasto medial oblíquo (VMO) e vasto lateral longo (VLL) de mulheres saudáveis com disfunção femoropatelar (SDFP) ao sentar e levantar de um banco, calçando sapatos de salto alto, tênis e descalças. Métodos: Vinte mulheres foram divididas em dois grupos: controle e SDFP. O início da atividade EMG dos músculos VMO e VLL foi registrada durante a realização das tarefas, executadas com diferentes calçados. Para a comparação das PDIs foi utilizado o teste Qui-quadrado com p0,05. Resultados: Verificou-se que o uso do tênis e do salto alto proporcionaram aumento da PDI no grupo controle. No entanto, nenhuma diferença foi observada no grupo SDFP. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que os indivíduos com SDFP não apresentam respostas adaptativas ao uso de diferentes calçados.
Three‐Dimensional Polymer Constructs Exhibiting a Tunable Negative Poisson's Ratio
Authors: Fozdar David Y. , Soman Pranav , Lee Jin Woo , Han Li‐Hsin , Chen Shaochen
Published: May 2011

Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of a porous polymeric construct (scaffold) quantitatively describe how it supports and transmits external stresses to its surroundings. While Young's modulus is always non‐negative and highly tunable in magnitude, Poisson's ratio can, indeed, take on negative values despite the fact that it is non‐negative for virtually every naturally occurring and artificial material. In some applications, a construct having a tunable negative Poisson's ratio (an auxetic construct) may be more suitable for supporting the external forces imposed upon it by its environment. Here, three‐dimensional polyethylene glycol scaffolds with tunable negative Poisson's ratios are fabricated. Digital micromirror device projection printing (DMD‐PP) is used to print single‐layer constructs composed of cellular structures (pores) with special geometries, arrangements, and deformation mechanisms. The presence of the unit‐cellular structures tunes the magnitude and polarity (positive or negative) of Poisson's ratio. Multilayer constructs are fabricated with DMD‐PP by stacking the single‐layer constructs with alternating layers of vertical connecting posts. The Poisson's ratios of the single‐ and multilayer constructs are determined from strain experiments, which show (1) that the Poisson's ratios of the constructs are accurately predicted by analytical deformation models and (2) that no slipping occurrs between layers in the multilayer constructs and the addition of new layers does not affect Poisson's ratio.
Activation of Dioxygen by Cobaloxime and Nitric Oxide for Efficient TEMPO‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols
Authors: Jing Yuanyuan , Jiang Jun , Yan Bo , Lu Shuai , Jiao Jiemin , Xue Huazhen , Yang Guanyu , Zheng Gengxiu
Published: May 2011

The aerobic oxidation of alcohols to their corresponding carbonyl compounds could be efficiently accomplished by using the combination of cobalt nitrate, dimethylglyoxime and 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine 1‐oxyl (TEMPO) as a novel catalytic system, and various alcohols including primary and secondary benzylic, allylic and aliphatic alcohols could be quantitatively converted to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones at 70 °C under 0.4 MPa dioxygen pressure in dichloromethane. During the oxidation, the in situ generated cobaloxime and nitric oxide (NO) were responsible for the activation of dioxygen, respectively, thereby, two concerted catalytic routes exist: cobaloxime‐activating‐dioxygen TEMPO‐catalyzed and NO‐activating‐dioxygen TEMPO‐catalyzed aerobic oxidation of alcohols.
Opposite effect of inflammation on subventricular zone versus hippocampal precursors in brain injury
Authors: Covey Matthew V. , Loporchio Dean , Buono Krista D. , Levison Steven W.
Published: May 2011

Objective:

Inflammation promotes epidermal wound healing but is considered detrimental to recovery from central nervous system injury. Sick infants have increased levels of cytokines in their cerebrospinal fluid that correlate with poor neurological outcome. In this study, we investigated the role of neuroinflammation and more specifically interleukin 6 (IL‐6) in the amplification of subventricular zone (SVZ) and subgranular zone (SGZ) neural precursors after neonatal brain injury.

Methods:

Neonatal hypoxia/ischemia (H/I) was induced in P6 rat pups, and IL‐6 was quantified with or without indomethacin administration. Neural precursor responses were evaluated by neurosphere assays as well as by stereological analyses. Studies were performed to determine how IL‐6 and leukemia‐inhibiting factor (LIF) affect SVZ cell expansion, proliferation, and self‐renewal.

Results:

Consistent with earlier studies, medially situated SVZ cells expanded after H/I. Contrary to our expectations, indomethacin significantly decreased both the initial reactive increase in these precursors and their ability to self‐renew. By contrast, indomethacin increased proliferation in the SGZ and lateral SVZ. Indomethacin diminished the accumulation of microglia/macrophages and IL‐6 production after H/I. In vitro IL‐6 enhanced neurosphere growth, self‐renewal, and tripotentiality and was more effective than LIF in promoting self‐renewal. Enhanced precursor self‐renewal also was obtained using prostaglandin E2, which is downstream of cyclooxygenase 2 and a target of indomethacin.

Interpretation:

These data implicate neuroinflammation and in particular IL‐6 as a positive effector of primitive neural precursor expansion after neonatal brain injury. These findings have important clinical implications, as indomethacin and other anti‐inflammatory agents are administered to premature infants for a variety of reasons. ANN NEUROL 2011;
A software support to initiate systems engineering students in service‐oriented computing
Authors: Mateos Cristian , Crasso Marco , Zunino Alejandro , Campo Marcelo
Published: May 2011

An evolutionary process that is currently taking place in the software industry is the shift from developing applications from scratch to discovering and assembling services published in the Internet. This has given birth to a new computing paradigm called service‐oriented computing (SOC). We investigated whether simplifying and automating tasks inherent to SOC‐based development, while exploiting systems engineering students' experience in earlier paradigms, namely object orientation, reduce the cognitive effort needed to learn SOC. The study involved 38 undergraduate students plus 7 postgraduate students from 4 universities, which attended a course about SOC development models and technologies. Then, they were asked to develop a real‐life service‐oriented application using two alternatives, namely existing SOC libraries and a software support of our own named EasySOC. EasySOC promotes using common object‐oriented design patterns to structure service‐oriented applications, facilitates service discovery, and hides many technological details from users. The students were surveyed about their perception on both alternatives using a Likert‐based questionnaire. Results show that the students, who had no previous experience in service‐oriented notions before the experiment, perceived that EasySOC allows focusing on essential aspects of the paradigm while concealing accidental aspects, and provides adequate support and guidance to bridge the gap. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 22:252–265, 2014; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.20551
Comparison of in vivo eccentricity and symmetry indices between metallic stents and bioresorbable vascular scaffolds: Insights from the ABSORB and SPIRIT trials
Authors: Brugaletta Salvatore , Gomez‐Lara Josep , Diletti Roberto , Farooq Vasim , Jan van Geuns Robert , de Bruyne Bernard , Dudek Dariusz , Garcia‐Garcia Hector M. , Ormiston John A. , Serruys Patrick W.
Published: May 2011

Objective: To compare the geometrical parameters of a bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) with a standard metallic stent. Background: The introduction of polymeric bioresorbable materials in the design of novel coronary scaffolds may affect some geometrical parameters, such as eccentricity and symmetry indices, previously introduced as IVUS criteria for optimal metallic stent deployment. Methods: From ABSORB Cohort A, ABSORB Cohort B, SPIRIT I, and SPIRIT II, all patients implanted with BVS 1.0, BVS 1.1, or XIENCE V, respectively and intravascular ultrasound analyses post‐implantation were selected. The eccentricity index was calculated frame by frame and expressed as an average per device (minimum diameter/maximum diameter). The symmetry index of the device was reported as ([maximum diameter − minimum diameter]/maximum diameter).Six months major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were analyzed. Results: A total of 242 patients were selected (BVS 1.0: n = 28, BVS 1.1: n = 94, XIENCE V: n = 120). The BVS exhibited a significantly lower eccentricity index (BVS 1.0: 0.83 ± 0.09; BVS 1.1: 0.85 ± 0.08; XIENCE V: 0.90 ± 0.06; P < 0.01) and a significantly higher symmetry index (BVS 1.0: 0.30 ± 0.07; BVS 1.1: 0.31 ± 0.06, XIENCE V 0.26 ± 0.07; P < 0.01) as compared to the XIENCE V. An inverse correlation was found between the symmetry and eccentricity indices for both (BVS r = −0.69, P < 0.01; XIENCE V r = −0.61, P < 0.01). No differences in MACE were detected between the groups according to their geometrical parameters. Conclusions: The introduction of a new polymeric material in the design of BVS resulted in a lower eccentricity index and a higher symmetry index as compared to metallic stents, without detectable impact in MACE, at 6 months. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Minimally invasive transradial intervention using sheathless standard guiding catheters
Authors: From Aaron M. , Bell Malcolm R. , Rihal Charanjit S. , Gulati Rajiv
Published: May 2011

Objectives: We evaluated a sheathless transradial technique for interventions using standard five and six French nonhydrophilic guiding catheters.Background: Miniaturization of transradial interventions may serve to improve patient comfort and reduce the risk of access‐site complications. Guiding catheters carry an outer diameter approximately 2 Fr sizes smaller than their corresponding introducer sheaths.Methods: We identified consecutive patients who underwent transradial intervention between August 2010 and December 2010 using 5 or 6 Fr guides with a sheathless technique.Results: A total of 11 patients were identified (mean age 70.7 ± 10.9 years; 73% male). Single coronary intervention was performed in 10 patients and renal artery intervention in one. Right radial access and 6 Fr guide catheters were used in the majority (each 73%). Five techniques were used to create an inner dilator as the taper. Four of these inner tapers (standard diagnostic catheters, hydrophilic diagnostic catheters, long sheath dilators and guide extensions) enabled successful sheathless guide insertion in all 10 patients attempted. One technique (a partially inflated angioplasty balloon protruding from the guide) attempted in one patient was unsuccessful. All interventional procedures were successful, there were no radial artery access‐site complications and in no case was cross‐over to femoral artery access‐site required.Conclusion: Sheathless transradial intervention using standard 5 and 6 Fr guiding catheters is a safe and effective method for treatment of coronary and peripheral vascular lesions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electrocardiographic changes and arrhythmias following percutaneous atrial septal defect and patent foramen ovale device closure
Authors: Johnson Jonathan N. , Marquardt Michelle L. , Ackerman Michael J. , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Reeder Guy S. , Cabalka Allison K. , Cetta Frank , Hagler Donald J.
Published: May 2011

Objectives: To compare pre‐ and post‐procedure electrocardiograms (ECGs) in a large cohort of patients after percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO). Background: Percutaneous device closure of ASD or PFO is commonplace. Conduction and rhythm anomalies associated with percutaneous device placement have been reported. Methods: We reviewed records for all patients who underwent percutaneous device closure of ASD or PFO at our institution from 1999 to 2008. Pre‐procedure ECG and Holter studies were compared to available short term (<2 months after placement) and intermediate follow‐up (>2 months) ECG or Holter. Results: Pre‐ and post‐procedural ECGs were available in 610 patients (305 females, average age 50 ± 18.1 years, range 1–91 years, 384 PFO, 184 ASD, 42 with multiple defects, mean device size 16 mm, range 5–38 mm). We report an incidence of 5.2% (32/610) of arrhythmias in the 4 months following device placement, including 29 patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias (ATs, 22 fibrillation, 7 flutter), 1 with junctional tachycardia, and 2 with heart block. Among other findings, the average P‐wave duration was increased on intermediate follow‐up as compared to early follow‐up (P < 0.001). Development of new‐onset 1st degree AV Block after the procedure was associated with an increased risk of ATs post‐procedure (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: We report a low risk of clinically significant post‐procedure arrhythmias after device placement. Clinically significant heart block occurred in only two patients (0.3%). Changes in several markers of atrial conduction were found, suggesting an effect of device closure on intra‐atrial conduction. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Drug‐Delivery Strategies by Using Template‐Synthesized Nanotubes
Authors: Perry Jillian L. , Martin Charles R. , Stewart Jon D.
Published: May 2011

Encapsulating drugs within hollow nanotubes offers several advantages, including protection from degradation, the possibility of targeting desired locations, and drug release only under specific conditions. Template synthesis utilizes porous membranes prepared from alumina, polycarbonate, or other materials that can be dissolved under specific conditions. The method allows for great control over the lengths and diameters of nanotubes; moreover, tubes can be constructed from a wide variety of tube materials including proteins, DNA, silica, carbon, and chitosan. A number of capping strategies have been developed to seal payloads within nanotubes. Combining these advances with the ability to target and internalize nanotubes into living cells will allow these assemblies to move into the next phase of development, in vivo experiments.
From Nanoplates to Microtubes and Microrods: A Surfactant‐Free Rolling Mechanism for Facile Fabrication and Morphology Evolution of Ag2S Films
Authors: Li Da‐Peng , Zheng Zhi , Lei Yan , Yang Feng‐Ling , Ge Su‐Xiang , Zhang Yi‐Dong , Huang Bao‐Jun , Gao Yuan‐Hao , Wong Ka‐Wai , Lau Woon‐Ming
Published: May 2011

By a simple and facile wet‐chemistry technique without any surfactant, various shapes of Ag2S crystals—including leaflike pentagonal nanoplates, crinkly nanoscrolls, hexagonal prismlike microtubes, and microrods—were fabricated in situ on a large‐area silver‐foil surface separately. Detailed experiments revealed that the Ag2S nanoplates were formed just by immersing the silver foil in a sulfur/ethanol solution at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and they subsequently rolled into nanoscrolls and further grew into microtubes and microrods under solvothermal conditions. Inspired by the natural curling of a piece of foliage, we proposed a surfactant‐free rolling mechanism to interpret the observed morphological evolution from lamellar to tubular structures. Based on these simple, practical, and green chemical synthetic routes, we can easily synthesize lamellar, scrolled, tubular, and clubbed Ag2S crystals by simply adjusting the reaction temperature, pressure, and time. It is very interesting to note that the current rolling process is quite different from the previous reported rolling mechanism that highly depends on the surfactants; we revealed that the lamellar Ag2S could be rolled into tubular structures without using any surfactant or other chemical additives, just like the natural rolling process of a piece of foliage. Therefore, this morphology‐controlled synthetic route of Ag2S crystals may provide new insight into the synthesis of metal sulfide semiconducting micro‐/nanocrystals with desired morphologies for further industrial applications. The optical properties of the pentagonal Ag2S nanoplates/film were also investigated by UV/Vis and photoluminescence (PL) techniques, which showed large blue‐shift of the corresponding UV/Vis and PL spectra.
Processes for the Elimination and Recovery of Phosphorus from Municipal Wastewater
Authors: Sabelfeld Marina , Geißen Sven‐Uwe
Published: May 2011

Die Einhaltung sehr niedriger Phosphorablaufwerten und eine Phosphorrückgewinnung aus dem Abwasser sind zukünftige Herausforderungen für die kommunale Abwasserreinigung. Beim Vorliegen von günstigen abwasserseitigen Rahmenbedingungen und einem optimalen Prozessbetrieb können die konventionellen P‐Eliminierungsverfahren Ablaufwerte von ca. 0,5 mg L–1 Pges sicher und wirtschaftlich einhalten. Niedrigere Ablaufwerte sind durch Optimierung vorhandener oder Implementierung weiterer Eliminationstechniken erreichbar. Die Möglichkeiten zur Phosphorrückgewinnung werden anhand von zahlreichen Verfahren aufgezeigt. Dabei werden die Wahl und der Rückgewinnungsgrad des Verfahrens wesentlich von der vorliegenden P‐Eliminationstechnik mitbestimmt. Andererseits können die Maßnahmen zur P‐Rückgewinnung den Kläranlagenbetrieb beeinflussen.
Safety‐critical Java with cyclic executives on chip‐multiprocessors
Authors: Ravn Anders P. , Schoeberl Martin
Published: May 2011

Chip‐multiprocessors offer increased processing power at a low cost. However, in order to use them for real‐time systems, tasks have to be scheduled efficiently and predictably. It is well known that finding optimal schedules is a computationally hard problem. In this paper we present a solution that uses model checking to find a static schedule, if one exists at all, which gives an implementation of a table driven multiprocessor scheduler. Mutual exclusion to access shared resources is guaranteed by including access constraints in the schedule generation. To evaluate the proposed cyclic executive for multiprocessors, we have implemented it in the context of safety‐critical Java on a Java processor. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis on Hierarchically Structured Cobalt Nanoparticle/Carbon Nanofiber/Carbon Felt Composites
Authors: Zarubova Sarka , Rane Shreyas , Yang Jia , Yu Yingda , Zhu Ye , Chen De , Holmen Anders
Published: May 2011

The hierarchically structured carbon nanofibers (CNFs)/carbon felt composites, in which CNFs were directly grown on the surface of microfibers in carbon felt, forming a CNF layer on a micrometer range that completely covers the microfiber surfaces, were tested as a novel support material for cobalt nanoparticles in the highly exothermic Fischer–Tropsch (F‐T) synthesis. A compact, fixed‐bed reactor, made of disks of such composite materials, offered the advantages of improved heat and mass transfer, relatively low pressure drop, and safe handling of immobilized CNFs. An efficient 3‐D thermal conductive network in the composite provided a relatively uniform temperature profile, whereas the open structure of the CNF layer afforded an almost 100 % effectiveness of Co nanoparticles in the F‐T synthesis in the fixed bed. The greatly improved mass and heat transport makes the compact reactor attractive for applications in the conversion of biomass, coal, and natural gas to liquids.
Reduced‐rank space–time adaptive interference suppression for navigation systems based on QR decomposition and approximations of basis functions
Authors: Xiao Hui , de Lamare Rodrigo C.
Published: May 2011

This paper presents a novel reduced‐rank space–time adaptive processing (STAP) algorithm for interference suppression in global positioning system (GPS) receivers with low computational complexity for protection against the multipath and jamming interferences. The proposed STAP algorithm is based on the least‐squares (LS) criterion to jointly optimize a projection matrix, which is used for dimensionality reduction, and the reduced‐rank filter. The main novelties are the design of the projection matrix based on approximations of basis functions, the pattern matching between the projection matrix and the received data, and the derivation of a QR decomposition‐based reduced‐rank recursive LS algorithm for practical implementations. The proposed scheme works on an instantaneous basis, i.e. at each time instant, the most suitable pattern and the rank of the projection matrix are selected to reduce the dimensionality of the received data aiming at minimizing the squared error, while using an improved search algorithm to save the effort in finding the best projection matrix. Simulation results in a GPS system show that compared to existing reduced‐rank and full‐rank algorithms, the proposed algorithm has a much lower computational complexity, and remarkably better performance for interference suppression. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Throughput and delay limits of chirp spread spectrum‐based IEEE 802.15.4a
Authors: Ullah Niamat , Sanaullah Chowdhury M. , Khan Pervez , Ullah Sana , Kwak Kyung Sup
Published: May 2011

The IEEE 802.15.4 standard is designed to provide a low‐power, low data rate protocol offering a high reliability. As an amendment to this standard, IEEE 802.15.4a introduces new options for physical layer to enable precision ranging. In this work, we analyzed the theoretical throughput and delay bounds of the unslotted version of chirp spread spectrum PHY‐based 802.15.4a. The formulae for transmission between one sender and one receiver for an ideal channel with no transmission errors are given. The throughput and delay bounds are derived for different frequency bands and data rates. Additionally, to measure spectral utilization, we measured the bandwidth efficiency for both the standards. We also compared our results with IEEE 802.15.4. The comparative analysis concludes that the performance of 802.15.4a exceeds 802.15.4 in terms of throughput and delay. The analytical results of throughput are verified by computer simulations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring calcitonin in washout of the needle in patients undergoing fine needle aspiration with suspicious medullary thyroid cancer
Authors: Trimboli P. , Rossi F. , Baldelli R. , Laurenti O. , Nigri G. , Ventura C. , Appetecchia M. , Attanasio D. , Romanelli F. , Guidobaldi L. , Guarino M. , Crescenzi A. , Valabrega S.
Published: May 2011

Calcitonin measurement in washout of the needle after aspiration (WO‐Ct) has been rarely evaluated. Here we analyzed the role of WO‐Ct in a series of subjects who underwent fine needle aspiration (FNA) with suspicious medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). Twenty‐one patients referred following elevated serum calcitonin (S‐Ct) or suspicious MTC by cytology. All patients underwent re‐evaluation of S‐Ct, FNA, and measurement of WO‐Ct. S‐Ct and WO‐Ct were assessed by chemiluminescence assay (IMMULITE 2000, Diagnostic Products Corporation, USA). S‐Ct showed elevated value in six subjects (mean 368.8 ± 373.9 pg/ml), of which three cases were cytologically classified as Class 5. WO‐Ct obtained in this group (304.0 ± 309.3 pg/ml) was no different from S‐Ct. After surgery MTC was confirmed in all patients. In the other 15 patients MTC was excluded by cytology or histology. Two subjects had moderately skewed S‐Ct with nonmedullary histology. In the remaining 13 patients S‐Ct resulted normal (6.2 ± 5.6 pg/ml) and WO‐Ct low (2.9 ± 2.2 pg/ml). Significant (two‐tailed P < 0.05, r2 = 0.27, 95% confidence interval = 0.017–0.81) correlation was found between S‐Ct and WO‐Ct in nonmedullary patients but not in MTC patients. This study showed that WO‐Ct can play a role in diagnosing primary and metastatic MTC. The procedure is easy, cost effective, and should be used in patients undergoing FNA with elevated S‐Ct. Further studies and guidelines for the method are needed to use this technique in clinical routine. Until this any institute should use itself cut‐off. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration diagnosis of GIST: A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Maheshwari Veena , Alam Kiran , Varshney Manoranjan , Jain Anshu , Asif Siddiqui Farhan , Bhargava Shruti
Published: May 2011

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. The authors take this opportunity to report two cases of GISTs of large bowel diagnosed on cytology and confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diagnostic significance of immunocytochemistry on fine needle aspiration biopsies processed by thin‐layer cytology
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Zhao Linlin , Guo Huiqin , Pan Qinjing , Sun Yuntian
Published: May 2011

To evaluate the significance of immunocytochemistry (ICC) performed on Thin‐Layer Cytology (TLC) preparations. During the period August 2004 to May 2010, 5,736 consecutive fine needle aspiration biopsies were processed by both conventional smears and TLC preparations, and 180 cases required further immunocytochemical staining to resolve diagnostic questions. TLC preparations were processed with the Thin‐Layer Cytology 2000TM Method (Cytyc Corp, Marlborough, MA). Conventional smears and TLC preparations were stained with HE. ICC staining was carried out on TLC slides. All 180 cases were processed successfully for ICC. In 161 cases (89.5%), ICC staining resulted in a definitive diagnosis, while in 19 cases (10.5%) the diagnosis was still inconclusive. About 148 (82.2%) of the cases also had tissue available for histological examination. Accepting the histologic findings as the true diagnosis, the sensitivity and specificity of the ICC diagnoses were 98.6 and 97.3%, respectively. ICC can be successfully applied on TLC preparations, and its results can be very useful for making diagnoses on fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Building the blocks of executive functioning: Differentiating early developing processes contributing to executive functioning skills
Authors: Mandell Dorothy J. , Ward Sarah E.
Published: May 2011

The neural processes that underlie executive function begin to develop in infancy. However, it is unclear how the behavior manifested by these processes are related or if they can be differentiated early in development. This study seeks to examine early emerging executive functioning skills in monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) by using an error analysis approach where traditional measures of the tasks, as well as identification of major error patterns are related. Results show that during the infancy and early juvenile period, two processes that help support set‐maintenance could be differentiated: modulation of responses to novelty and persistence despite negative feedback. The results suggest that these two aspects of set‐maintenance were largely independent. Modulation of responses to novelty was most prominent in the infancy and early juvenile period. The ability to persist with a response set despite negative feedback emerged in the early juvenile period and was related to task performance until the end of the study. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 53:796–805, 2011.
Lipids of oleaginous yeasts. Part I: Biochemistry of single cell oil production
Authors: Papanikolaou Seraphim , Aggelis George
Published: May 2011

In the first part of this review, the biochemistry of lipid accumulation in the oleaginous microorganisms is depicted. Lipid biosynthesis form sugars and related substrates is a secondary anabolic activity, conducted after essential nutrient (usually nitrogen) depletion in the medium. Due to this exhaustion, the carbon flow is directed towards the accumulation of intracellular citric acid that is used as acetyl‐CoA donor in the cytoplasm. Acetyl‐CoA generates cellular fatty acids and subsequently triacylglycerols. Lipid accumulation from hydrophobic substrates is a growth associated process, being independent from nitrogen exhaustion in the medium. Medium fatty acids are incorporated with various incorporation rates and are either dissimilated for growth needs or become “substrate” for intracellular biotransformations. “New” fatty acid profiles (in both extra‐ and intracellular lipids) that did not previously exist in the medium are likely to be produced. Oleaginous microorganisms consume their own storage lipids when their metabolic abilities cannot be saturated by the extracellular carbon source. Reserve lipid breakdown is independent from the type of the carbon source used for lipid accumulation. In most cases it is accompanied by lipid‐free biomass production. Lipid mobilization is a specific process, as preferential degradation of the neutral lipid fractions is observed.