bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relations Between Psychological Maltreatment by Teachers and Cyberbullying Perpetration Among Elementary School Students: The Roles of Self-Esteem and Sex
Authors: Chen Jingjing , Huebner E. Scott , Tian Lili
Published: November 2024

The topics of psychological maltreatment by teachers and children’s cyberbullying perpetration have both attracted increasing research attention. However, clarification of the development and specific psychological mechanisms linking psychological maltreatment by teachers to cyberbullying perpetration by students remains necessary. Thus, this study examined the longitudinal relations between psychological maltreatment by teachers and subsequent cyberbullying perpetration, along with the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of sex. A total of 5563 Chinese elementary school students (56% boys; M age = 9.92 years, SD = 0.74) completed self-report measures on 5 occasions across 2.5 years. Latent growth curve mediation modeling was applied to examine the longitudinal relations among the variables. Results showed that (a) Psychological maltreatment by teachers was positively associated with subsequent cyberbullying perpetration; (b) The developmental trajectory of psychological maltreatment by teachers was indirectly associated with the developmental trajectory of cyberbullying perpetration through the mediating role of self-esteem; (c) Sex moderated the relations among psychological maltreatment by teachers, self-esteem and cyberbullying perpetration among children such that self-esteem mediated the relation between psychological maltreatment by teachers and cyberbullying perpetration for boys but not girls. Implications for the prevention of psychological maltreatment by teachers and cyberbullying perpetration were discussed.
Discordance Between Balance Ability and Perception Is Associated With Falls in Parkinson’s Disease: A Coordinated Analysis
Authors: Longhurst Jason K. , Hooyman Andrew , Landers Merrill R. , Mancini Martina , Franzén Erika , Leavy Breiffni , Johansson Hanna , Peterson Daniel
Published: November 2024

Background

The congruence or discordance between actual and perceived balance ability has been proposed to be linked to functional outcomes such as falls. However, gaps remain in our ability to quantify discordance, and its relationship to relevant outcomes.

Objective

To investigate a novel quantification of concordance/discordance between balance performance and perception and determine the relationship to falls among people with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD).

Methods

Data from 244 PwPD were aggregated from 5 previously conducted studies. Variables extracted included age, sex, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC; perceived balance), Timed Up and Go (TUG; balance performance), Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) part III scores, and retrospective falls (6- or 12-month). Data validation between studies was established. Discordance was quantified as the difference between an individual’s predicted ABC, based upon their TUG score, to their reported ABC.

Results

Two methods for calculating discordance were tested: simple linear regression and segmented regression. As there were no differences between the bootstrap distributions of both approaches ( P = .520), simple linear regression was utilized for the subsequent logistic regression model. Discordance was the only statistically significant predictor of fall status (OR = 0.98, P = .003), after controlling for age, MDS-UPDRS part III, sex, and TUG. The inclusion of discordance in the logistic regression model boosted the predictive accuracy by 58%.

Conclusions

Discordance between actual and perceived balance was uniquely related to retrospective fall history among PwPD. Clinicians and researchers should consider discordance between actual and perceived balance as a potentially modifiable target to minimize falls.
High expression of malic enzyme 1 predicts adverse prognosis in patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia and promotes leukaemogenesis through the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathways
Authors: Zhang Chang , Li Wenlu , Wu Fei , Lu Zhongwei , Zeng Piaorong , Luo Zeyu , Cao Yixiong , Wen Feng , Li Junjun , Chen Xi , Wang Fujue
Published: November 2024

Background:

Progress in improving risk stratification methods for patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia (CN-AML) remains limited. This study investigates the prognostic significance and potential functional mechanism of malic enzyme 1 (ME1) in CN-AML.

Methods:

Gene expression and clinical data of patients with CN-AML were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, which were subjected to analysis. The prognostic significance of ME1 was assessed through Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, as well as univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. A novel risk model based on ME1 expression levels was developed using TCGA data for predicting CN-AML prognosis. Furthermore, the impact of ME1 silencing on AML cell lines was investigated using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis and Western blotting were performed to explore the mechanism of ME1 in CN-AML.

Results:

CN-AML patients expressing higher ME1 levels exhibited shorter event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to those with lower ME1 expression in the TCGA and multiple GEO datasets (all p < 0.05). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that ME1 expression served as an independent prognostic factor for the EFS ( p = 0.024 in TCGA, p = 0.035 in GSE6891) and OS ( p = 0.039 in TCGA, p = 0.008 in GSE6891) in patients with CN-AML. The developed risk model demonstrated that patients with CN-AML in the high-risk group had worse survival than those in the low-risk group (hazard ratio: 2.67, 95% confidence interval: 1.54–4.65, p < 0.001) and exhibited strong predictive accuracy for 1-, 3- and 5-year OS (area under the curve = 0.69, 0.75, 0.79, respectively). ME1 knockdown significantly inhibited proliferation and increased apoptosis in AML cells (all p < 0.05). GSEA and Western blotting demonstrated that ME1 regulates the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway in CN-AML.

Conclusion:

Elevated ME1 expression serves as an indicator of poorer prognosis in patients with CN-AML, potentially facilitating leukaemogenesis through the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. This suggests that ME1 could be a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CN-AML.
The effect of cuboid explosive shape on the dimension of damaged area in masonry walls subjected to contact explosions
Authors: Shi Guanghao , Huang Zhengxiang , Jia Xin , Zu Xudong
Published: November 2024

Cuboid explosives are commonly available in both military and civilian markets. Masonry walls are among the most prevalent structural elements utilized in buildings worldwide. This study numerically investigates the response of masonry walls subjected to blast loads generated by cuboid explosives. The LS-DYNA software was employed to create numerical models, which were subsequently validated against experimental data. The shape of the cuboid explosives is characterized by its three-dimensional dimensions: length ([Formula: see text]), width ([Formula: see text]), and height ([Formula: see text]). To maintain a constant mass of explosives, two distinct scenarios were considered. In the first scenario, the explosive’s shape was altered by adjusting the height-to-length ratio ([Formula: see text]) while keeping [Formula: see text] equal to [Formula: see text]. In the second scenario, the length-to-width ratio ([Formula: see text]) was modified while maintaining a constant height ([Formula: see text]), leading to changes in the explosive’s shape. The effects of both the [Formula: see text] ratio and the [Formula: see text] ratio on the dynamic responses of the masonry walls were investigated. The results indicate that the dimensions of both the ejection crater and the spalling crater on the masonry wall initially increased and then decreased as the [Formula: see text] ratio increased. Furthermore, the size of the breached hole gradually diminished with an increasing [Formula: see text] ratio. In terms of changes to the [Formula: see text] ratio, the damage area of the masonry wall took on an elliptical shape, with the dimensions of this elliptical damage area exhibiting regular variations. This study aimed to equate cuboid explosives (with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) to cubic explosives (where [Formula: see text]) of the same mass. The equivalent cubic shape coefficients ([Formula: see text]) for the cuboid explosives were evaluated and calculated based on the dimensions of the damage area on the masonry wall. Furthermore, four coefficients ([Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]) were proposed to estimate the dimensions of the masonry wall damage area when subjected to contact explosions from arbitrarily shaped cuboid explosives. The applicability of these coefficients was validated through numerical simulations.
Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone Versus Quadriceps Tendon–Bone Autografts in Anatomic Rectangular Tunnel Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Shimomura Kazunori , Tsujii Akira , Tanaka Ayaka , Hamada Masayuki , Yonetani Yasukazu
Published: November 2024

Background:

Anatomic rectangular tunnel anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ART-ACLR) can mimic the fiber arrangement of the native ACL and restore normal knee biomechanics, compared with the conventional round tunnel ACLR. ART-ACLR using a bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) graft can provide satisfactory clinical outcomes; however, some issues such as secondary ACL injury and donor-site morbidity, including postoperative anterior knee pain (AKP), remain to be solved. Due to these issues, quadriceps tendon–bone (QTB) grafts have recently become more popular.

Purpose:

To compare the 2-year clinical outcomes of ART-ACLR with BPTB and QTB autografts.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 134 patients underwent primary ART-ACLR with BPTB (n = 70) or QTB (n = 64). All patients had a minimum follow-up period of 2 years postoperatively. Outcome evaluations included the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), side-to-side differences (SSDs) with the KT-1000 knee arthrometer, rate of secondary ACL injury, and incidence of AKP.

Results:

Regarding age, sex, height, weight,and concomitant procedures, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups. All clinical scores significantly improved from preoperatively to 6 months postoperatively and further increased throughout the 2-year postoperative period in both groups. The IKDC and all subscales of the KOOS, except Sport and Recreation, were equivalent between the BPTB and QTB groups at each postoperative time point. There were no significant differences in the SSD value of KT-1000 arthrometer between the 2 groups. The rates of secondary ACL injury were 10.0% on the ipsilateral side and 2.9% on the contralateral side in the BPTB group and 3.1% on the ipsilateral side and 4.7% on the contralateral side in the QTB group, with no significant difference between both groups. The incidence of AKP was 17.1% and 4.9% in the BPTB group and QTB group, respectively, with significance of P = .02).

Conclusion:

The clinical scores, SSD value of the KT-1000 arthrometer, and secondary ACL injury rates were equivalent between the BPTB and QTB groups. However, the incidence of AKP was significantly lower in the QTB group, suggesting that QTB could be a favorable graft for ACLR.
A Novel Description of Medial Meniscus Vascularization: A Multicenter Study Introducing the Medial Meniscal Artery
Authors: Mameri ES , Khan Z , S Gursoy , Zielinska A , Smigielski R , Chahla J
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To perform a qualitative and quantitative anatomic study of the extra-articular medial meniscal vasculature and to introduce the novel “medial meniscal artery” (MMA).

Methods

33 unpaired frozen human cadaveric knees were dissected. The popliteal artery was identified and cannulated with an angiocatheter. The arteries were perfused with a red acrylic paint solution allowing for visualization. Artery dimensions and distances were measured using a digital goniometercaliper. Perfused specimens were imaged with CT scan and images were processed using segmenting software to identify vessels in a computer model and artery measurements were repeated

Results

The MMA was consistently identified in all specimens. In 26 of 33 (82%) specimens, the MMA branched directly from the popliteal artery, while in 6, the MMA shared a common trunk with the inferior medial genicular artery (IMGA). The MMA was easily distinguishable from the superior MGA, inferior MGA, and MGA, given its direct course to the medial joint line with terminal branches to the posterior horn of the medial meniscus and deep to the semimembranosus tendon. The MMA exhibited a smaller vessel diameter relative to the genicular arteries.

Conclusion

This is the first study identifying and quantitively describing the MMA in the human knee. This structure can be identified consistently on gross anatomic dissection in patients of varying sex, age, and race. It arises directly from the popliteal artery in 82% of cases, coursing distally to the medial femoral condyle and medially along the posterior horn of the medial meniscus and deep to the semimembranosus tendon. Further research is needed to identify and characterize the artery in vivo and to determine the MMA’s role in meniscus preservation.
Case Report: Correction of Extensive Osteochondral Defect with Structured Bone Graft Associated with Collagen Membrane Coating in Knee Due to Sequelae of Osteochondritis Dissecans
Authors: Silva RAB , Palhares GM
Published: November 2024

Objectives

Case report of the treatment of a 35-year-old woman with sequelae of an extensive osteochondral lesion in the Medial Femoral Condyle of the Right Knee. This report presents the clinical and radiological results after using the structured cancellous bone grafting technique from the Iliac bone with the aid of instruments for mosaicplasty associated with coverage with Collagen Membrane (Chondro-Gide®).

Methods

We removed the entire remaining osteochondral fragment down to the healthy cancellous bone and made perforations with the Mosaicplasty instrument designed to remove the recipient area to receive the cancellous bone plugs. We inserted the cancellous bone plugs into the defect of the Medial Femoral Condyle so that they filled the entire defect, remaining stable through the press-fit. After fixing and modeling the cancellous bone graft, the bone was covered with a collagen membrane (Chondro-Gide®).

Results

12 months after surgery, the patient performed weight training without complaints, returned to all previous usual activities and had a range of motion of 0-120˚. 18 months post-operatively, the IKDC score went from 5 pre-operatively to 52 out of a possible 87 (59.8%). Magnetic Resonance Imaging was performed 12 months after surgery for follow-up evaluation and the images showed the filling of the bone defect and the formation of fibrous scar tissue.

Conclusion

The presented technique proved to be a satisfactory option available in our country for the treatment of extensive osteochondral lesions with significant involvement of the subchondral bone when allografting is impossible. The presented patient is in good clinical function after an 18-month follow-up, with no recurrence of the preoperative clinical condition.
Measurement of the posterior tibial slope with different methods – analysis by computed tomography in a sample from the brazilian population
Authors: Malpaga JMJ , Jorge PB , Oliveira DE , Horita MM , Salas VER , Morales GJS
Published: November 2024

Objectives

The posterior tibial slope (PTS) has been widely studied because of its relationship with tibial translation, knee stability and possible injuries related to the anterior cruciate ligament. But there is no consensus on the normal and pathological values for PTS and the best referral axes.

Methods

In this study, 96 people with non-orthopedic disorder were evaluated trough 3-D computed tomography (CT) scan. The TS of the medial and lateral tibial plateaus were measured using techniques adapted from previous protocols with three referral axes: the proximal tibial long axis, the anterior and posterior cortices. The CT scan were evaluated with two independent observers.

Results

The averages and standard deviations of medial PTS (MPTS) in the three methods were 10.4 ± 2,8, 8,3 ± 2,8 and 5,9 ± 2,8, separately. The results of lateral PTS (LPTS) were 9,9 ± 3,3, 7,8 ± 3,1 and 5,7 ± 3,1. There was no significant difference between the male and the female. All the referral axes had high interobserver reliability, with greater value (0.829) for posterior cortice axe for medial TS and anterior cortice for lateral TS (0.861).

Conclusion

The mean value for posterior tibial slope in a small Brazilian sample is similar to other ethnicity described in the literature. Tibial slope measurements have a high degree of variability between different measurement methods, but all referral axes had a high interobserver reliability.
Occurrence of patellofemoral osteoarthritis at medium and long terms in patients undergoing isolated reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligment with the medial third of the patellar tendon
Authors: Kupczik F , Gobbi RG , Schiavon MEG , Sbrissia B , Brunet MD , Camanho GL
Published: November 2024

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to analyze the presence of patellofemoral osteoarthritis (OA) in the medium and long term in patients undergoing reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) with a medial strip of the patellar tendon to treat recurrent patellar instability.

Methods

Retrospective case series of 69 patients (86 knees) who underwent medial MPFL between 2004 and 2016, mean age 26.1 ± 8 years (15 to 45 years), were recorded at a mean follow-up of 72.2 ± 37.5 months (24 to 163 months). Parameters evaluated: age, sex, follow-up period, recurrence, pre-existing chondral lesion, trochlear dysplasia, patellar height, femoral tunnel positioning and patellofemoral OA (Iwano’s classification). Uni and multivariate analysis correlated the variables to patellofemoral OA.

Results

There was patellofemoral OA in only 16.3% (grade 1: 11.6%; grade 2: 3.5%; grade 3: 1.2%) of cases. Univariate analysis showed that only the follow-up period had an independent association with patellofemoral OA (p = 0.028) and multivariate analysis showed that only high-grade (B/C) of trochlear dysplasia had a significant correlation with the occurrence of patellofemoral OA (p = 0.004). There were no recurrences.

Conclusion

Isolated MPFL with a medial strip of the patellar tendon showed a low rate of patellofemoral OA in the medium and long-term follow-up. The presence of high-grade trochlear dysplasia did correlate to patellofemoral OA development.
Platelet-Rich Plasma, Bone Marrow Aspirate and Hyaluronic Acid Lead to Significant Improvement at 6 months Compared to Placebo: A Network Metanalysis of Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: MAMERI ENZO SALVIATO , KHAN ZEESHAN , JAWAND HARKIRAT , CHAHLA JORGE
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To compare the efficacy of common intra-articular injections used in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, including corticosteroid (CS), hyaluronic acid (HA), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), with a minimum follow-up of 6-months.

Methods

PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were queried for level I to II randomized clinical trials with a minimum follow-up of 6 months that investigated the treatments of interest. Patient reported outcome scores for pain and function at baseline and at latest follow-up were extracted and the change in scores were converted to uniform 0-100 scales. An arm-based Bayesian network meta-analysis in a random-effects model was created to compare the treatment arms in terms of pain and function. Cumulative ranking of injection types based on pain and function effect differences was calculated using the SUCRA of interventions values.

Results

Forty-seven studies were included, most of which with overall low risk of bias (72.3%). HA and PRP both led to a significant improvement in pain compared to placebo. HA, PRP, and BMAC all led to a significant improvement in function scores when compared to placebo. Surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRA) of the interventions revealed PRP, BMAC, and HA overall SUCRA scores of 91.61, 76.46, and 53.06 respectively. For the treatment of pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis, PRP ranked as the best intra-articular injection, followed by BMAC, then HA, then CS. For function improvement, PRP similarly ranked as the best injection, followed by BMAC, then HA.

Conclusion

Intra-articular PRP, BMAC and HA are all beneficious relative to placebo at 6 months for knee osteoarthritis. The results of the current study suggest PRP was the most efficacious intra-articular injection in terms of pain and function.
Revision knee arthroplasty with robotic assistance: Report of the first case in Brazil of conversion from partial arthroplasty to total knee arthroplasty
Authors: TEMPONI EDUARDO FROIS , DE CARVALHO JUNIOR LUCIO HONORIO , SOARES LUIZ FERNANDO MACHADO , GONCALVES MATHEUS BRAGA JACQUES , PIMENTA FREDERICO SILVA , JÚNIOR RICARDO CORRÊA FÁVERO
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To evaluate and describe the first case in Brazil of a patient undergoing revision surgical treatment with robotic assistance from partial arthroplasty to total knee arthroplasty.

Methods

Description of the follow-up and step-by-step techniques used to prepare and execute revision surgery with robotic assistance in a patient with limiting residual pain after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Results

This report describes the case of a 61-year-old female patient. She had previously undergone Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty (UKA) in 2015 at another institution. After investigations to rule out infection or loosening of the UKA components and considering the persistence of symptoms, a conservative treatment approach, involving physiotherapy and infiltrations, was chosen, yielding no significant improvement. Faced with ongoing symptoms, the decision was made to perform a Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) with robotic assistance (rTKA). The choice of the Stryker Triathlon system was based on a preoperative computed tomography sent to the United States. The intervention took place on June 15, 2022. Following the Mako protocol, antennas and checkpoints were positioned, and anatomical points were marked under robotic navigation, including the area of the previous UKA. During the surgery, after removing the UKA components and resecting osteophytes, ligament balance was adjusted, achieving equalized gaps in extension and flexion. The patient had an accelerated rehabilitation protocol. She has been monitored for around 18 months with improvements in clinical and functional outcomes.

Conclusion

The use of robotic arm assistance in the revision from unsuccessful UKA to primary TKA is a novel technique that resulted in excellent operative outcomes in this case. Further studies are needed to better define implementation methods and create specific protocols.
Gait Kinetics in Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tears: Investigating Protective Strategies and the Effects of Root Repair
Authors: Mameri ES , Gonzalez FF , Gustafson JA , Leporace G , Metsavaht L , Chala J
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To investigate changes in external moments in medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) patients, and the effect of medial meniscus posterior root repair (MMPRR) in restoring normal kinetics.

Methods

We present preliminary findings from six subjects with MMPRT, four with MMPRR, and three healthy age-matched control participants (CON). Participants walked on level ground at a self-selected gait speed. Data were collected using high-speed cameras and ground-embedded force plates. Peak knee moments for flexion-extension (KFM and KEM), abduction-adduction (KAbM, KAdM), and internal-external rotation (KERM, KIRM) were calculated using inverse dynamics during the stance phase of gait, and normalized to body mass and height. Group comparisons were conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn test with Bonferroni correction. Results were considered statistically significant if p-values were less than 0.05.

Results

Both MMPRT and MMPRR groups exhibited significantly lower KFM relative to the CON group, suggesting a strategy to reduce quadriceps activation in both patient groups, which may persist after surgery. MMPRT patients showed significantly diminished KEM relative to both MMR and CON groups, indicating a strategy to reduce external knee forces following injury. MMPRR patients presented KEM that resembled the healthy control group, showing that repair surgery could potentially restore this gait variable. KAbM was statistically higher in the MMPRR and CON groups relative to MMPRT patients, which presented lower KAM than the other groups, suggesting a protective strategy to offload the medial compartment. KERM were significantly higher in the CON group compared to the MMT group, suggesting a protective strategy to avoid excessive external rotation by the MMT group. No significant differences were observed in KIRM across the three groups.

Conclusion

MMPRT leads to alterations in gait kinetics, compatible with a protective strategy to unload the knee and compensate for increased medial compartment contact pressures, which are partially restored following root repair.
Motion resistance in peripheral oxygen saturation monitoring using Biolight Analog SpO2 compared to Masimo SpO2: a non-inferiority study
Authors: Yang Ting , Liu Yong , Cai FengHua , Li Yong , Mudabbar Muhammad Saqib
Published: November 2024

Background

Pulse oximeters are vital for assessing blood oxygen levels but can produce inaccurate readings during patient motion, leading to false alarms and alarm fatigue. Analog SpO2 Technology, which uses analog waveforms to filter motion artifacts, may improve accuracy compared to digital sensors. However, the effectiveness of this technology in reducing false alarms in clinical settings remains unclear. This study assesses and compares the motion resistance of Analog SpO2 Technology of two devices in the market.

Methods

Thirty healthy adults underwent controlled experiments (Control, Linear Motion, Angular Motion) using two pulse oximeters. Linear Motion tested hand displacement impact, while Angular Motion involved rhythmic hand motions at 120 bpm and 160 bpm.

Results

Both devices performed similarly in Control, with no disruptions. In Linear Motion, mild disruptions occurred, but no significant differences in SpO2 readings or alarms. Angular Motion at 120 bpm showed stability with no alarms. At 160 bpm, Device B (Biolight Analog SpO2) had fewer technical alarms but more SpO2 alarms than Device A (Masimo Analog SpO2).

Conclusions

Analog SpO2 exhibited motion resistance under static, linear and continuous waving angular motion up to 120 bpm and 160 bpm, but alarms occurred at 160 bpm with continuous tapping angular motion. These findings signify non-inferiority of either device in clinical settings. Further studies should include patients with cardiovascular and/or respiratory diseases.

Trial Registration

The study was submitted to and approved by the Biolight Ethics Committee (S0723), and written informed consent from all participants was obtained.
Validation of IASLC 9th edition TNM classification for lung cancer: focus on N descriptor
Authors: Son Joung Woo , Lee Joonseok , Jeon Jae Hyun , Cho Sukki , Jung Woohyun , Shih Beatrice Chia-Hui , Kim Kwhanmien , Jheon Sanghoon
Published: November 2024

Background

We externally validated the proposed 9th edition of the TNM staging classification with our institution’s prospectively collected data and compared it to the 8th edition for overall survival (OS) and freedom from recurrence (FFR).

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted of 4029 cases of stage I-III non-small cell lung cancer that underwent surgical treatment from January 2004 to December 2020. Survival was compared using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression analysis. The concordance index (C-index), Alkaike information criterion (AIC), and R2 were used to assess the discriminatory ability.

Results

In the 9th edition, the N2 category (n = 352) was subdivided into N2a (n = 256, 72.7%) and N2b (n = 96, 27.3%). The TNM stage changes were as follows: (1) IIB to IIA, 151 cases (26.0%); (2) IIIA to IIB, 52 cases (11.5%); (3) IIIB to IIIA, 57 cases (61.3%); (4) IIIA to IIIB, 56 cases (12.4%). The survival curves of the proposed 9th edition demonstrated similar patterns to those of the 8th edition, but with a greater discriminative ability for OS and FFR. Subdividing N2 into N2a and N2b refined prognosis prediction. The C-index, AIC, and R2 demonstrated improved values in the proposed 9th edition compared to the 8th edition.

Conclusions

The proposed 9th edition of the TNM staging classification for lung cancer showed favorable prognostic validity and better discrimination ability than the 8th edition.
Anacyclus pyrethrum enhances fertility in cadmium-intoxicated male rats by improving sperm functions
Authors: Mahmoud Aya A. , Shaaban Mennat Allah M. , Basal Wesam T.
Published: November 2024

Background

Environmental pollutants, particularly heavy metals, have been frequently connected to male infertility. Cadmium was previously shown to reduce male fertility by causing oxidative stress. Anacyclus pyrethrum is a well-known medicinal plant. Most of its parts, notably the roots, have excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study investigated the potential ability of Anacyclus pyrethrum to protect male rats against cadmium reproductive toxicity.

Methods

Twenty-eight adult Wistar male rats (8 weeks old) weighing (170-200g) were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7): group (1) the control, group (2) was orally administrated with Anacyclus pyrethrum extract (100mg/kg) for 56 consecutive days, group (3) received a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of cadmium chloride (1mg/kg), and group (4) received a single IP dose of CdCl2 followed by 8 weeks of oral Anacyclus extract treatment.

Results

Cadmium Cd toxicity resulted in a significant decrease in the concentration of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase SOD and glutathione peroxidase GPx) in the semen coupled with a significant rise in malondialdehyde MDA level. Consequently, sperm analysis parameters were significantly affected showing decreased motility, viability, concentration and increased morphological aberrations. DNA fragmentation was also detected in the sperms of rats exposed to Cd using comet assay. Serum levels of testosterone T, follicle stimulating hormone FSH, and luteinizing hormone LH were significantly decreased. The mRNA expression levels of sex hormone receptors (FSHR, LHR and AR) in the testis of the Cd exposed rats were significantly decreased. Expression levels of Bax and Bcl2 genes in the sperms of Cd intoxicated rats were also affected shifting the Bax/Bcl2 ratio towards the induction of apoptosis. Co-treatment with the Anacyclus pyrethrum extract restored the oxidative enzymes activities and decreased the formation of lipid peroxidation byproduct, which in turn ameliorated the effect of Cd on sperm parameters, sperm DNA damage, circulating hormone levels, gene expression and apoptosis. These results indicate that Anacyclus pyrethrum could serve as a protective agent against cadmium-induced sperm toxicity.

Conclusion

Taken together, it can be concluded that the antioxidant activities of Anacyclus pyrethrum restored the semen quality and enhanced fertility in Cd-intoxicated male rats.
Resolution of acute inflammation induced by monosodium urate crystals (MSU) through neutrophil extracellular trap-MSU aggregate-mediated negative signaling
Authors: Lu Cheng-Hsun , Shen Chieh-Yu , Li Ko-Jen , Wu Cheng-Han , Chen Yu-Hsuan , Kuo Yu-Min , Hsieh Song-Chou , Yu Chia-Li
Published: November 2024

Background

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) activation by monosodium urate crystals (MSU) is crucial to acute gouty arthritis and subsequent spontaneous remission within 7–10 days. Activated PMNs release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that entrap MSU crystals, forming NET-MSU aggregates. Whether NET-MSU aggregates contribute to the resolution of acute inflammation remains to be elucidated. This study uses a cell-based approach to unveil their molecular bases.

Methods

All-trans retinoic acid-differentiated HL-60 cells (dHL-60) served as surrogate PMNs. NET release from MSU-activated dHL-60 was confirmed by detecting DNA, neutrophil elastase, and citrullinated histone 3, forming large NET-MSU aggregates. NET area was measured with Fiji software after SYTOX Green staining. Released pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1RA in culture supernatants were quantified to calculate the estimate inflammation score (EIS). Cellular redox state was determined by a FRET-based sensor. Expression of intracellular positive (ERK1/2) and negative (SHP-1 and SHIP-1) cytokine signaling regulators was detected by western blot. qPCR detected mRNA expressions of CISH and SOCS1–SOCS7. Flow cytometry measured neutrophil N1 (CD54) and N2 (CD182) surface markers after staining with fluorescent-conjugated antibodies.

Results

Incubating dHL-60 with MSU for 4 h maximized NET-MSU aggregate formation and acute inflammation with an EIS of 11.6. Prolonging the incubation of dHL-60 + MSU to 22 h gradually raised the EIS to 19.40 without increasing NET area, due to reduced cellular redox capacity. Adding both new dHL-60 and new MSU crystals to the culture, mimicking the clinical scenario, increased NET area but conversely suppressed EIS to 1.53, indicating acute inflammation resolution. The resolution of acute inflammation following prolonged incubation was attributed to decreases in P-ERK and increases in P-SHP-1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and CISH gene expressions, which may suppress pro-inflammatory and enhance anti-inflammatory cytokine production. Moreover, the large NET-MSU aggregates facilitated N1 to N2 polarization, crucial for accelerating inflammation resolution.

Conclusion

We explored the potential molecular basis for the spontaneous resolution of MSU induced acute inflammation using a cell-based model in that huge NET-MSU aggregates frustrate the transformation of newly entering PMNs to the N2 phenotype, enhancing the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1RA.
Acute pancreatitis after double cardiac valve replacement: a case report
Authors: El Amraoui Wafae , Ettaje Ayoub , Belcadi Oumaima , Chajai Salim , Elmourabit Yassine , Leghlimi Lalla Hasnaa , Marmad Lahcen , Tribak Mohamed , Lachhab Fadoua , Bensouda Adil , Moughil Said
Published: November 2024

Background

Acute pancreatitis following cardiac surgery is a rare complication. Early recognition of risk factors and vigilance toward initial symptoms can prevent significant morbidity and mortality. Bowel ischemia and the release of inflammatory mediators during cardiopulmonary bypass play key roles in the development of acute postoperative pancreatitis. Management is generally conservative, following the modified Atlanta 2012 criteria. This paper reviews the literature and emphasizes the importance of early investigation of abdominal pain after cardiac surgery.

Case presentation

We report a case of severe acute pancreatitis that developed after double valvular replacement, performed during a 3-h cardiopulmonary bypass in a patient who initially had endocarditis and underwent dialysis 3 times. Considering the risk factors, the patient was diagnosed early and managed conservatively, leading to a positive outcome.

Conclusions

Anesthesiologists must not disregard abdominal pain after cardiac surgery in the context of risk factors, as it may indicate gastrointestinal complications, including pancreatitis, which can be among the most dangerous complications if not treated promptly.
Role of diffusion tensor imaging in diagnosis of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Abdelghaffar Sondos Mohamed Emad Eldin , Elkammash Tarek Hamed , Khattab Yara Hosny , Elshahaly Mohsen Hassan , Gad Azza Abd El-Hamid
Published: November 2024

Background

Carpal tunnel syndrome is the commonest upper limb peripheral neuropathy. Diffusion tensor imaging evaluates the tissue microarchitecture and measures the movement of water protons. It is non-time-consuming, not invasive and not operator dependent. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether diffusion tensor imaging can diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome and whether DTI parameters can correlate with severity of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Results

Seventy-two wrists were assessed, 36 diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome and 36 age and sex matched controls. FA & ADC were measured at four locations (distal radioulnar joint, proximal, middle and distal carpal tunnel), and the mean for the whole median nerve was calculated. FA & ADC showed statistically significant difference between cases and control at each of the measured four locations and the mean of the whole median nerve. FA & ADC at the hook of hamate (distal CT) showed the most significant difference between cases and control. For FA, the cut-off point at the hook of hamate was 0.5 (sensitivity 94.4%, specificity of 88.9%, positive predictive value 89.5% and negative predictive value 94.1%) and the cut-off point for the mean of the whole nerve was 0.545 (sensitivity 97.22%, specificity 77.78%, positive predictive value 81.4% and negative predictive value 96.6%). For ADC, the cut-off point at the hook of hamate was 1.44 (sensitivity 97.22%, specificity 86.11%, positive predictive value 87.5% and negative predictive value 96.9%) and the cut-off point for the mean of the whole nerve was 1.415 (sensitivity 86.11%, specificity, 83.33%, positive predictive value 83.8% and negative predictive value 85.7%).

Conclusion

Diffusion tensor imaging can diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome with accuracy compared to the gold standard nerve conduction studies. Both FA and ADC showed statistically significant differences between cases & controls with FA measurements found to be more significant.
A new record of avian reovirus genogroup clusters isolated and molecularly characterized in chickens in Egypt
Authors: Arafa Eslam , Abdien Hanan M. F. , Zain El-Abideen Mohamed A. , Diab Emad , Tarek Mohamed , El-Dimerdash Mohsen M. Z. , Elfeil Wael K.
Published: November 2024

Background

The global poultry industry has been experiencing increasing condemnation at slaughterhouses since 2011, due to the emergence of avian reovirus (ARV) variant strains. Recently seven ARV genogroup clusters were identified based on the σC sequence of the S1 segment that was used as a genetic marker to characterize and classify ARV.

Results

Among ninety-seven suspected broilers, breeders, and commercial grandparent’s homogenates, ARV was PCR confirmed in thirty-five (36%). Samples were collected from different governorates in Egypt, including Giza–Ismailia–Sharqia–Menoufia, and Behira, between 2020 and 2023. A viral isolation trial was performed on weak positive samples, successfully isolating sixteen samples on the LMH cell line forming the characteristic giant cells of ARV infection. Partial sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the σC gene of ten ARV PCR positive samples revealed the circulation of ARV genogroup clusters 1, 2, 4, and 5, eight samples being distinguished from commercially available vaccine strains with a low percentage of nucleotides and amino acid identities.

Conclusions

This research demonstrated that the ARV isolates were distinct compared to commercially available vaccine strains based on partial σC sequence. Detection, isolation, and classification of ARV as genogroups 1, 2, 4, and 5 are recorded. A vigilant surveillance to evaluate the ARV situation in Egypt is urgent. We recommend re-evaluating the ARV commercial vaccines by challenging them with circulating Egyptian field isolates, as well as their cross-protection. In addition, the development of autologous vaccines from both classical and variant strains to provide optimal protection.
Effect of rigid taping on subacromial impingement syndrome: systematic review
Authors: Dewir Ibrahim M. , Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Albjeedi Amal M. , Hussein Hisham M.
Published: November 2024

Objective

This systematic review analyzed the recently available information regarding the efficacy of rigid taping in alleviating pain and improving functional status in subacromial impingement syndrome.

Introduction

Rigid taping is commonly utilized in the rehabilitation of subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). It is proposed to have positive effects on alleviating pain and shoulder function, but the scientific evidence of its efficacy is still not clear.

Methods

An electronic search was conducted on Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCO, Google Scholar databases, and a manual search from the bibliography of the included studies. Randomized trials (published between March 2010 and November 2023), which included rigid taping as an experimental or control treatment for the pain function state in subacromial impingement syndrome, assessed pain using the visual analog scale (VAS) or numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), and assessed functional status using Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) or the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed using PEDro scale.

Conclusion

There is a moderate level of evidence that using rigid tape in treating patients with shoulder impingement syndrome has no positive effect in reducing pain intensity, while there is a moderate level of evidence that using rigid tape in treating patients with shoulder impingement syndrome has a positive effect in reducing disability and improving the function.

Systematic review registration

Submitted to PROSPERO.org.
Dissecting non-B DNA structural motifs in untranslated regions of eukaryotic genomes
Authors: Gummadi Aruna Sesha Chandrika , Muppa Divya Kumari , Yella Venakata Rajesh
Published: November 2024

The untranslated regions (UTRs) of genes significantly impact various biological processes, including transcription, posttranscriptional control, mRNA stability, localization, and translation efficiency. In functional areas of genomes, non-B DNA structures such as cruciform, curved, triplex, G-quadruplex, and Z-DNA structures are common and have an impact on cellular physiology. Although the role of these structures in cis-regulatory regions such as promoters is well established in eukaryotic genomes, their prevalence within UTRs across different eukaryotic classes has not been extensively documented. Our study investigated the prevalence of various non-B DNA motifs within the 5′ and 3′ UTRs across diverse eukaryotic species. Our comparative analysis encompassed the 5′-UTRs and 3′UTRs of 360 species representing diverse eukaryotic domains of life, including Arthropoda (Diptera, Hemiptera, and Hymenoptera), Chordata (Artiodactyla, Carnivora, Galliformes, Passeriformes, Primates, Rodentia, Squamata, Testudines), Magnoliophyta (Brassicales), Fabales (Poales), and Nematoda (Rhabditida), on the basis of datasets derived from the UTRdb. We observed that species belonging to taxonomic orders such as Rhabditida, Diptera, Brassicales, and Hemiptera present a prevalence of curved DNA motifs in their UTRs, whereas orders such as Testudines, Galliformes, and Rodentia present a preponderance of G-quadruplexes in both UTRs. The distribution of motifs is conserved across different taxonomic classes, although species-specific variations in motif preferences were also observed. Our research unequivocally illuminates the prevalence and potential functional implications of non-B DNA motifs, offering invaluable insights into the evolutionary and biological significance of these structures.
Radiation Therapist Education and Training: An International Survey
Authors: Leech Michelle , Coffey Mary , Jeha Jihad , Prajogi Gregorius Ben , Bakhishova Kimyakhanim , Wakeham Katie
Published: November 2024

PURPOSE

This study reports on the current status of Radiation Therapist (RTT) education and training globally. RTTs are the health professionals responsible for the preparation and delivery of courses of radiation therapy, the latter being indicated in the management of 50%-60% of patients with cancer globally. Therefore, high standards of education of these professionals are paramount to safe and high-quality cancer care.

METHODS

In total, 195 responses were received to a survey sent via the International Atomic Energy Agency International Research Integration System to all member states. This represented 90 countries across all regions.

RESULTS

The survey indicated a significant deficit in RTT education globally. Many regions report that limited radiation therapy–specific education is available and there is a paucity of assessed practice education. Radiation therapy–specific professional issues are the major barriers to curricula implementation globally.

CONCLUSION

This survey highlights the considerable issues that prevail in the provision of high-quality education for RTTs globally. A collaborative global effort is required by the oncology community and other stakeholders to overcome this significant deficit.
The Democratic Pedigree of Random Selection
Authors: Gastil John
Published: November 2024

As part of the ongoing Common Knowledge symposium “Antipolitics,” this essay replies to an article by Nadia Urbinati: “The Sovereignty of Chance: Can Lottery Save Democracy?” Urbinati's piece expresses reservations about the tendency of symposium contributions to support what she terms “lottocracy.” Gastil's response argues (1) that random selection in politics can take many forms, none of which need resemble a lottocracy; (2) that a randomly selected body with some measure of influence or authority can complement electoral democracy without replacing it; (3) that prohibiting democracies from experimenting with random selection would undermine their claim to being democratic; and (4) that evidence from experience with random selection warrants continuing to experiment with it as a means of revitalizing imperiled democratic systems.
Description of the Human
Authors: Blumenberg Hans , Kroll Joe Paul , Bajohr Hannes
Published: November 2024

This extract is the first English translation of Hans Blumenberg's posthumous publication Beschreibung des Menschen, which was published by Suhrkamp Verlag in 2006. Based on lectures concerning the German tradition of philosophical anthropology that Blumenberg gave at the University of Münster, the book's basic project is the explicit fusion of Husserlian phenomenology with philosophical anthropology — an attempt to grasp what the human is by identifying its basic structures. The result is a highly nuanced conception of the possibility of human self-reflection that is at the core of philosophy and of culture as a recipe for the species’ survival. Instead of answering the question “What is man?” Blumenberg proposes here a minimalist anthropology that seeks to answer a different question: “How is man possible?” The chapters selected for translation are intended to give readers a sense of the book, little known in the Anglophone world, which in its original German runs to some nine hundred pages.