bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Going beyond Chat: Designing Connotative Meaningful Line Stickers to Promote Road Safety in Thailand through Participatory Design
Authors: Phithak Thawatphong , Surasangprasert Pawanrat , Kamollimsakul Sorachai
Published: December 2023

Road accidents are a leading cause of death in Thailand, with increasing fatalities. Despite road safety campaigns during holidays, consistent communication is lacking in daily life. This research aimed to create Line application stickers, a top chat platform for Thailand, using the participatory design (PD) approach. PD was implemented in two steps. Firstly, 100 participants outlined character types, moods, tones, and communication objectives. They recommended lively animal characters with diverse texts, such as greetings, work, travel, and emotions. Then, through a focus group, the tortoise was identified to represent cautious drivers who follow traffic rules, the rabbit to represent fast and risky drivers, and the zebra to represent vigilant and disciplined traffic police officers as characters for Line stickers. Subsequently, using the semiotics approach, 40 Line stickers were designed, and embedded with denotative and connotative road safety messages. Secondly, feedback from the focus group, integral to the PD process, led to refinements. After launching, a survey of 50 users showed “Benefits Received”, “Text and Messages”, and “Meaning” dimensions received “Very Satisfied/Strongly Agree” ratings. The “Character” dimension received a “Satisfied” rating. The results for “Benefits Received” can also be analyzed in the context of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) theory, which revealed that K and A were at the highest level, while P was at a high level. This suggests that the Line stickers designed in this study effectively conveyed road safety messages to the receivers. This research constitutes the pioneering exploration within the realm of Line stickers concerning road safety, signifying the originality and unique contribution of our research to the existing body of knowledge in this domain. The PD process in this research can serve as a guideline for creating safety-promoting media in diverse fields.
Alkali Activation of Clay and Water Potabilization Sludge Binary Blends: Influence of Composition and Curing Conditions
Authors: Clausi Marina , Girardi Gianluca , Pinto Daniela
Published: December 2023

This work aims to evaluate the compatibility and features of alkali-activated blends obtained by replacing carbonate-rich illitic clay with either untreated or heat-treated water potabilization sludge (WPS). The experimental setting was created looking towards producing environmentally friendly solutions such as precursors that are sourced from the same territory, room-temperature curing in realistic environmental conditions, and activation exclusively with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions. A multi-analytical characterization of the blends using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), an optical microscope (OM), a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDX), and a mechanical test demonstrated that up 75% of calcinated sludge and 25% of uncalcinated sludge could be successfully incorporated into the clay-based blends, offering a valuable alternative to landfill disposal of WPS. The matrices’ features were affected both by the amount of sludge in the blends and by the environmental conditions curing. since mineralogical investigations, OM and SEM observations showed the formation of secondary crystalline phases, mainly zeolitesin addition to amorphous gel. The mechanical strength results reached values between ~3 and 9 MPa, suggesting the possible use of the investigated alkali-activated blends for the formulation of precast building materials. Furthermore, to assure the replication of these alkali-activated blends, uncontrolled (T °C and RH%) curing does not appear to be the most appropriate solution. The study demonstrated that WPS, traditionally destined for landfill, could be a resource for the production of alkaline-activated materials by partially replacing unrenewable raw materials. thus resulting in the creation of eco-sustainable and economic processes as WPSare a widely and locally available industrial byproduct. However, a better control of mix designs and curing conditions is necessary for the upscaling of the here investigated blends.
Is This Right for You?: The Key Role of Shop Assistants in Promoting Energy-Efficient Household Appliances
Authors: Pernice Gabriella Francesca Amalia , Orso Valeria , Gamberini Luciano
Published: December 2023

In 2021, a significant update was made to the household appliance classification system in Europe with the introduction of a new energy-efficient label (EE). This update is a step towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 7 of the United Nations, which focuses on sustainable energy. The EE label is an effective tool for reducing overall energy consumption. However, its success relies on the awareness and decision making of consumers when making purchases. During the purchase phase, shop assistants have the potential to play a crucial role in promoting energy-efficient choices. Surprisingly, this aspect has been largely overlooked in previous research. In an attempt to fill this gap, we conducted an exploratory study employing a mixed-method approach, encompassing 22 in-depth interviews and questionnaires administered to shop assistants from various appliance stores. Our findings revealed that shop assistants face challenges in promoting energy-efficient choices, particularly after the introduction of the new EE label, due to a lack of training. This may result in incorrect advice that could impact consumer purchases and their daily energy consumption. Our study emphasises the need to support shop assistants in promoting energy-efficient purchases, to enhance their training, and to incorporate tools such as augmented reality to foster energy-efficient-orientated purchases.
A Multipurpose Sustainable Farming System for Tobacco Crops in the Mediterranean Area
Authors: Sifola Maria Isabella , del Piano Luisa , Todisco Daniele , Graziani Giulia , Faugno Salvatore , Sannino Maura , Piscopo Rossella , Salluzzo Antonio , Cozzolino Eugenio
Published: December 2023

The present study aimed to test a multipurpose sustainable tobacco farming system allowing more efficient use of production factors (e.g., mineral N fertilizer) thanks to larger commercial yields, albeit diversified (smoke products, bioactive compounds for nutraceutical and cosmeceutical uses, energy), per unit of land area. Three tobacco types (dark air-cured, IBG; light air-cured, Bu; dark fire-cured, Ky) were grown in the field in 2021 on three different soils (sandy clay loam, SCL; sandy loam, SL; clay loam, CL). The total waste biomass (WB, kg dry weight, d.w. ha−1) was measured. Commercial leaves yield (CLY, kg d.w. ha−1), N agronomic efficiency (NAE, kg d.w. kg−1 N), total polyphenols content (TP, mg kg−1 d.w.), antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH and FRAP, mmol Trolox Equivalent, TE, kg−1 d.w.) and yield of polyphenols (PY, kg ha−1) were determined. The calorific value (CV, MJ kg−1 d.w.), volatile matter (VM, %) and ash contents (%) were also measured, and biomass energy yield (BEY, GJ ha−1 yr−1) was then calculated. Very high percentages (>40%) of total biomass produced by the different tobacco types were pre-harvest waste. NAE increased by 2- to more than 8-fold thanks to a greater potential commercial biomass produced with the same amount of N fertilizer used. Four main components were found in the tobacco polyphenols profile, namely 3-O-CQA, luteolin 7 rutinoside, rutin and quinic acid, which accounted for more than 80% of TP. BEY ranged between 122.3 GJ ha−1 yr−1 (Bu) and 29.9 GJ ha−1 yr−1 (Ky). Both polyphenols yield and energy potential per unit land area and/or per growing season appeared competitive with those from other herbaceous crops. The proposed multipurpose system appeared as a production circuit characterized by a virtuous and sustainable flow of resources.
A Review on Mine Fire Prevention Technology and Theory Based on Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Shi Dongping , Liu Xun , He Liwen
Published: December 2023

Of all mine disasters, fires are very threatening to mine safety and often lead to the most serious consequences. Research on mine fire prevention technology and theory has experienced significant growth and is attracting escalating academic interest and attention. However, dedicated literature reviews on this topic are scarce. For the purpose of uncovering the research characteristics and trends on mine fire prevention technology and theory, this paper employs bibliometric analysis using the Web of Science Core Collection database. This study presents a detailed analysis of relevant articles published between 2010 and 2022. An assessment of the influences of journals, countries, institutions, and authors was conducted through a citation analysis. Furthermore, this paper describes co-authorship networks among different countries, institutions, and authors. Lastly, a review of the mine fire prevention techniques and theories researched during this period was carried out through a keyword clustering analysis. Four main research topics in mine fire prevention research were identified: “mine fire control technology”, “mine fire occurrence mechanism”, “mine fire prediction technology”, and “mine fire monitoring technology”. Additionally, the theory study of spontaneous combustion and its underlying mechanisms may represent a potential focus for future research. These findings contribute to providing a solid foundation for future research endeavors in this field of fire prevention.
Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment and Spatial Pattern Evolution Analysis of the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration from 1995 to 2020 Based on Land Use/Cover Change
Authors: Deng Ruifang , Ding Xue , Wang Jinliang
Published: December 2023

The central Yunnan urban agglomeration represents a typical urban cluster in the southwestern region of China. The swift urbanization and land use changes in this region pose a severe threat to the ecosystem. A thorough assessment of the landscape ecological risk in the central Yunnan urban agglomeration holds paramount importance for devising effective risk management strategies and sustainable, high-quality development plans. This study utilizes long-term land-use raster data for six time periods (1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020) in the Central Yunnan urban agglomeration. Using GIS technology, a landscape risk index model is constructed, and a comprehensive assessment of landscape ecological risks in the Central Yunnan urban agglomeration is conducted using the 5 km × 5 km grid analysis method and Kriging interpolation. The results indicate that, between 1995 and 2020, the Central Yunnan urban agglomeration was dominated by forest land, grassland, and cultivated land as the primary land-use types. Forest land covered over 48% of the total area, while grassland and cultivated land accounted for more than 26% and 18%, respectively. Notably, construction land underwent a significant increase, mainly due to conversions from cultivated land, forest land, and grassland. Over a span of 25 years, the study area has experienced a continual rise in landscape ecological risk. The landscape ecological risk was mainly characterized by medium, higher, and high ecological risk. Grassland predominated in areas with medium levels of ecological risk, while cultivated land and construction land were predominant in regions with higher and high levels of ecological risk. Spatially, regions with lower ecological risk were primarily distributed in the Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, whereas areas with higher and high levels of ecological risk were concentrated in Qujing City and Kunming City. The spatial aggregation patterns of landscape ecological risk in the Central Yunnan urban agglomeration featured “high–high” (H–H) and “low–low” (L–L) clusters, both displaying an initial increase followed by a decrease. The primary factors contributing to the rise in the landscape ecological risk index were identified as urban expansion, population growth, ecological fragmentation, and vegetation destruction. The study’s outcomes can offer valuable insights for optimizing land resources and promoting sustainable development in the Central Yunnan urban agglomeration.
Optimization of Communication Base Station Battery Configuration Considering Demand Transfer and Sleep Mechanism under Uncertain Interruption Duration
Authors: Zheng Feifeng , Chen Kezheng , Liu Ming
Published: December 2023

In the communication power supply field, base station interruptions may occur due to sudden natural disasters or unstable power supplies. This work studies the optimization of battery resource configurations to cope with the duration uncertainty of base station interruption. We mainly consider the demand transfer and sleep mechanism of the base station and establish a two-stage stochastic programming model to minimize battery configuration costs and operational costs. To transform the uncertainty expression in the first stage into a deterministic model, we design the K-Means-SAA algorithm to accelerate problem-solving and to compare it with the SAA algorithm. The case study results indicate that the proposed two-stage stochastic programming model can save 17.02% of the total cost compared to the expected value model. The proposed demand transfer and sleep mechanism can reduce the total cost by 41.92% compared to no mechanism. The results of numerical experiments and sensitivity analysis also verify the superiority of the designed algorithm in terms of running efficiency and solving time. Therefore, the model and algorithm proposed in this work provide valuable application guidance for large-scale base station configuration optimization of battery resources to cope with interruptions in practical scenarios.
Spatiotemporal Variability of Regional Rainfall Frequencies in South Korea for Different Periods
Authors: Lee Moonyoung , An Heejin , Lee Jiwan , Um Myoung-Jin , Jung Younghun , Kim Kewtae , Jung Kichul , Kim Seongjoon , Park Daeryong
Published: December 2023

Understanding regional as well as temporal variations in probability rainfall is essential for addressing climate change-related hydrological issues. Few studies have conducted spatial analyses on probability rainfall using up-to-date rainfall data, which is crucial to comprehend regional rainfall variations for effective flood management and hydraulic structure design. In this study, we analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of probability rainfall factors in South Korea using 61 rainfall stations and four rainfall periods (years) (recent-10, 2011–2020; recent-20, 2001–2020; recent-30, 1991–2020; recent-40, 1981–2020). We mapped probability rainfall information, including probability rainfall intensities (20, 30, and 40 mm/h), return periods (10, 20, 50, and 100 years), rainfall durations (1, 2, 6, and 24 h), and rainfall depth. Results revealed wide variations in the northern and southwest inland regions based on rainfall periods. Decadal annual rainfall analysis revealed that the north and southwest inland regions indicated lower recent decadal rainfall than that in previous decades, while decadal annual rainfall in the southeast inland region remained constant. The generated spatial and temporal distribution maps offer valuable insights for comprehending the variation in probability rainfall factors across different time periods in South Korea, with practical implications for the planning and design of hydraulic structures.
Fostering Urban Walking: Strategies Focused on Pedestrian Satisfaction
Authors: Distefano Natalia , Leonardi Salvatore
Published: December 2023

Urban mobility and sustainable transportation are fundamental for the European Union’s goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2050. The EU encourages national governments to prioritize zero-emission urban transport systems that emphasize safety, accessibility, and inclusiveness. Promoting walking plays a fundamental role in sustainable urban mobility, offering advantages such as emission reduction, better air quality, and enhanced public health. Recent research underscores the importance of creating appealing and safe pedestrian environments to encourage walking. These efforts align with the United Nations’ Agenda 2030 sustainability goals, particularly Objective 11, which aims to build inclusive, safe, and sustainable cities and communities. This paper explores the factors influencing pedestrians’ willingness to walk and categorizes them into basic factors, performance factors, and excitement factors, on the basis of the three factors theory. Significantly, the study reveals that the importance of these factors varies based on demographics, mainly the age of the users. Understanding these factors and their relative significance for pedestrian satisfaction is crucial for shaping effective policies and urban planning strategies aimed at promoting sustainable mobility. By prioritizing pedestrian satisfaction and addressing the specific needs and preferences of diverse groups, cities can create more walkable and environmentally friendly urban environments. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and urban planners working toward EU climate-neutral objectives and enhancing the well-being of citizens.
Capability Curve Modeling for Hydro-Power Generators in Optimal Power Flow Problems
Authors: Flores Alberto , Zárate-Miñano Rafael , Carrión Miguel
Published: December 2023

With the growing emphasis on sustainability in the power sector, it becomes imperative to ensure that every component of the power system operates optimally and efficiently. More sustainable power system operation can be achieved by relying on accurate models that ensure resources, especially those from renewable sources like hydro-power, are utilized to their fullest potential. In many optimization problems based on optimal power flow formulations, the steady-state operation characteristics of hydro-power plants are modeled in an approximate manner, which could potentially lead to solutions that do not fully exploit their capabilities or even to solutions that jeopardize their stable operation. This work proposes a formulation for the complete capability curve of the plant, including the exact modeling of its generator stability limits. The ability of the proposed formulation to reproduce the plant operation boundaries is appropriately demonstrated through a test case. Furthermore, two approximate formulations commonly used in the literature are solved, highlighting their limitations. It is concluded that the complete representation of the capability curve can improve the quality of solutions provided by OPF-based problems.
A New Iterative Method for Investigating Modified Camassa–Holm and Modified Degasperis–Procesi Equations within Caputo Operator
Authors: Yasmin Humaira , Alkhezi Yousuf , Alhamad Khaled
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we employ the new iterative method to investigate two prominent nonlinear partial differential equations, namely the modified Camassa–Holm (mCH) equation and the modified Degasperis–Procesi (mDP) equation, both within the framework of the Caputo operator. The mCH and mDP equations are fundamental in studying wave propagation and soliton dynamics, exhibiting complex behavior and intriguing mathematical structures. The new iterative method (NIM), a powerful numerical technique, is utilized to obtain analytical and numerical solutions for these equations, offering insights into their dynamic properties and behavior. Through systematic analysis and computation, we unveil the unique features of the mCH and the mDP equations, shedding light on their applicability in various scientific and engineering domains. This research contributes to the ongoing exploration of nonlinear wave equations and their solutions, emphasizing the versatility of the new iterative method in tackling complex mathematical problems. Numerical results and comparative analyses are presented to validate the effectiveness of the new iterative method in solving these equations, highlighting its potential for broader applications in mathematical modeling and analysis.
Study on Shielding Effectiveness of High Transmittance Coating Film Glasses against Electromagnetic Pulse
Authors: Cheng Che-Min , Chen Yu-Hsin , Lin Sheng-Yi , Chao Sheng-Der , Tsai Shun-Feng
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the shielding effectiveness (SE) of glass materials with conductive coatings by establishing a 3000 × 3000 × 3000 mm electromagnetic pulse (EMP)—shielded room according to the EMP shielding requirements in the US military standard MIL-STD-188-125-1. The EMP SE of conductive-coated glass samples was measured and verified with the broadband EMP conditions of 10 kHz∼1 GHz. The conductive thin film coating on the glass was made by mixing conductive materials, including In2O3, SnO2, Ta2O5, NbO, SiO2, TiO2, and Al2O3, at different ratios. The mixed solutions were then coated onto the glass targets to facilitate conductive continuity between the conductive oxides and the shielding metal structure. The glass samples had dimensions of 1000 × 600 mm, which had electrolytic conductivity σ = 4.0064 × 103∼4.7438 × 103 (S/cm), 74∼77% transmittance, and 6.4∼6.8 Ω/□ film resistance. The experimental results indicated that the glass had SE of 35∼40 dB under 1 GHz EMP, satisfying the US National Coordinating Center for Communications’ Level 3 shielding protection requirement of at least 30 dB. The glass attenuated energy density by more than 1000 times, which is equivalent to shielding over 97% of EMP energy. Accordingly, the glass materials can be used as high-transmittance conductive glass for windows of automobiles, vessels, and aircrafts to protect from EMPs.
Toxicity of Titanium Dioxide–Cerium Oxide Nanocomposites to Zebrafish Embryos: A Preliminary Evaluation
Authors: Pecoraro Roberta , Scalisi Elena Maria , Indelicato Stefania , Contino Martina , Coco Giuliana , Stancanelli Ilenia , Capparucci Fabiano , Fiorenza Roberto , Brundo Maria Violetta
Published: December 2023

The widespread use of metal nanoparticles in different fields has raised many doubts regarding their possible toxicity to living organisms and the accumulation and discharge of metals in fish species. Among these nanoparticles, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles have mainly been employed in photocatalysis and water depuration. The aim of this research was to evaluate the potential toxic effects, after a co-exposure of TiO2-3%CeO2 nanoparticles, on zebrafish development, using an acute toxicity test. Increasing concentrations of TiO2-3%CeO2 nanoparticles were used (0.1-1-10-20 mg/L). The heartbeat rate was assessed using DanioscopeTM software (version 1.2) (Noldus, Leesburg, VA, USA), and the responses to two biomarkers of exposure (Heat shock proteins-70 and Metallothioneins) were evaluated through immunofluorescence. Our results showed that the co-exposure to TiO2-3%CeO2 nanoparticles did not affect the embryos’ development compared to the control group; a significant difference (p < 0.05) at 48 hpf heartbeat for the 1, 10, and 20 mg/L groups was found compared to the unexposed group. A statistically significant response (p < 0.05) to Heat shock proteins-70 (Hsp70) was shown for the 0.1 and 1 mg/L groups, while no positivity was observed in all the exposed groups for Metallothioneins (MTs). These results suggest that TiO2-3%CeO2 nanocomposites do not induce developmental toxicity; instead, when considered separately, TiO2 and CeO2 NPs are harmful to zebrafish embryos, as previously shown.
Effects of Cyfluthrin Exposure on Neurobehaviour, Hippocampal Tissue and Synaptic Plasticity in Wistar Rats
Authors: Xie Yongxin , Zhao Ji , Li Xiaoyu , Sun Jian , Yang Huifang
Published: December 2023

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Cyfluthrin (Cy) exposure on neurobehaviour, hippocampal tissue and synaptic plasticity in Wistar rats. First, it was found that high-dose Cy exposure could cause nerve injury, resulting in symptoms such as deficits in learning and memory ability, spatial exploration and autonomic motor function. Moreover, it was found that medium- and high-dose Cy exposure could cause an abnormal release of the neurotransmitter Glu. Second, brain tissue pathology showed that the middle and high doses of Cy caused tissue deformation, reduced the number of hippocampal puramidal cells, caused a disorder of these cells, decreased the number of Nissl bodies, and caused pyknosis of the hippocampal cell nuclear membrane and serious damage to organelles, indicating that exposure to these doses of Cy may cause hippocampal tissue damage in rats. Third, as the exposure dose increased, morphological changes in hippocampal synapses, including blurred synaptic spaces, a decreased number of synaptic vesicles and a decreased number of synapses, became more obvious. Moreover, the expression levels of the key synaptic proteins PSD-95 and SYP also decreased in a dose-dependent manner, indicating obvious synaptic damage. Finally, the study found that medium and high doses of Cy could upregulate the expression of A2AR in the hippocampus and that the expression levels of inflammatory factors and apoptosis-related proteins increased in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the expression of A2AR mRNA was correlated with neurobehavioural indicators and the levels of inflammatory factors, synaptic plasticity-related factors and apoptosis-related factors, suggesting that Cy may cause nerve damage in rats and that this effect is closely related to A2AR.
Red and Blue Light Induce Soybean Resistance to Soybean Mosaic Virus Infection through the Coordination of Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid Defense Pathways
Authors: Shang Jing , Zhang Siqi , Du Junbo , Wang Wenming , Li Kai , Yang Wenyu
Published: December 2023

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) seriously harms soybean quality and yield. In order to understand the effect of a heterogeneous light environment on the disease resistance of intercropped soybeans, we simulated three kinds of light environments to learn the effects of white light, blue light, and far-red light on the SMV resistance of soybeans. The results showed that compared with the control, SMV-infected soybeans showed dwarfing and enhanced defense. The symptoms of leaves under red and blue light were less severe than those under white light, the virus content of infected plants was about 90% lower than under white light, the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased, and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species decreased. The oxidation damage in SMV-infected soybeans was serious under far-red light. Transcriptome data showed that the biostimulatory response, plant–pathogen interaction, and plant hormone signaling pathway gene expression of SMV-infected soybeans were significantly up-regulated under red light compared with the control. Compared with the control, the genes in the biostimulatory response, calcium ion binding, carbohydrate-binding, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, and plant–pathogen interaction pathways, were significantly up-regulated in SMV-infected soybeans under blue light. In far-red light, only 39 genes were differentially expressed in SMV-infected soybeans compared with the control, and most of the genes were down-regulated. Compared with the control, the up-regulation of the salicylic acid (SA) pathway defense gene in SMV-infected soybeans under red light was higher than under other light treatments. Compared with the control, the up-regulation of the jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) pathway defense genes in SMV-infected soybeans under blue light was higher than under other light treatments. Compared with the control, most defense-related genes in the SA and JA pathways were inhibited in SMV-infected soybeans under far-red light, while genes in the ET pathway were significantly up-regulated. These results will advance our understanding of the disease resistance mechanism of intercropping soybeans in a heterogeneous light environment and provide new ideas for the prevention and control of viral diseases.
Assessing the In Vitro and In Vivo Effect of Supplementation with a Garlic (Allium sativum) and Oregano (Origanum vulgare) Essential Oil Mixture on Digestibility in West African Sheep
Authors: Barreto-Cruz Olga Teresa , Henao Zambrano Juan Carlos , Castañeda-Serrano Roman David , Peñuela Sierra Lina Maria
Published: December 2023

This study assessed the impact of a mixture of garlic (Allium sativum) and oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oils (EOGOs) on in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vivo apparent nutrient digestibility. Different EOGO inclusion levels were evaluated to assess the dose response and potential effects of the mixture. Three EOGO inclusion levels (0.5, 0.75, and 1 mL/kg of incubated dry matter) were evaluated in vitro, while four treatments (0.5, 0.75, and 1 mL/day of EOGO and a control group) were tested in vivo on 12 West African sheep. A randomized controlled trial was conducted using a 4 × 4 design. Blood parameters (glucose, blood urea nitrogen, and β-hydroxybutyrate) were measured to observe the effect of EOGO on the metabolism. The results showed that the inclusion of EOGO significantly enhanced IVDMD at low levels (p < 0.052) compared with the highest levels in treatments containing 0.5 and 0.75 mL/kg of EOGO dry matter. A higher intake of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (p < 0.05) was observed in the in vivo diets with the inclusion of EOGO. In terms of in vivo apparent digestibility, significant differences were found among treatments in the digestibility coefficients of DM, CP, and NDF. EOGO inclusion increased the digestibility of DM. CP digestibility displayed a cubic effect (p < 0.038), with the lowest values of digestibility observed at 1 mL EOGO inclusion. Additionally, NDF digestibility showed a cubic effect (p < 0.012), with the highest value obtained at 0.75 mL of EOGO inclusion. The inclusion levels above 0.75 mL EOGO showed a cubic effect, which indicates that higher concentrations of EOGO may not be beneficial for the digestibility of CP and NDF. Although no significant difference was observed in total digestible nutrients, a linear trend was observed (p < 0.059). EOGO improved the intake of DM, CP, and NDF. EOGO supplementation improved the digestibility of DM and NDF, with optimal levels observed at 0.5 mL/day. No significant effects were observed in the blood parameters. These results suggest that EOGO has the potential as an additive in ruminal nutrition to improve food digestibility and serve as an alternative to antibiotic additives. The use of EOGO potentially improves fiber digestion and may reduce the use of antibiotics in livestock production. Garlic (A. sativum) and oregano (O. vulgare) essential oils effectively modulated fiber digestibility at 0.75 mL/day. Garlic (A. sativum) and oregano (O. vulgare) essential oils have the potential to improve digestibility at low inclusion levels and serve as an alternative to antibiotic additives. The effectiveness of essential oils is greater in a mixture and at lower doses.
Soluble Microbial Products and Perfluorinated Compounds in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Li Cong
Published: December 2023

Water is vital for all living organisms and many manufacturing industries [...]
Evaluation of the Use of Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavement in Chile: Urban Infrastructure Solution for Adaptation and Mitigation against Climate Change
Authors: Cacciuttolo Carlos , Garrido Felipe , Painenao Daniel , Sotil Andres
Published: December 2023

There is currently a context of climate change due to the way modern cities are developed, and they are made up mainly of impermeable surfaces and concrete buildings that change the hydrological cycle, causing (i) an increase in temperatures, (ii) the accumulation of stormwater on different surfaces, (iii) overflow in drainage systems, and (iv) the alteration of ventilation patterns, among others. This article presents a case study on the implementation of a permeable interlocking concrete paving (PICP) system, and it develops physical–mathematical modeling using software for the design of a parking lot that currently does not have adequate paving and urban drainage, resulting in sporadic flooding due to heavy rainfall in the city of Temuco, La Araucanía region, Chile. This article’s contribution highlights the application of new technology in Chile, discussing road infrastructure solutions based on sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDSs), which seek to implement feasible alternatives in urban sectors to improve human livelihood. The factors studied include structural and hydrological properties, along with the infiltration analysis of the system according to historical rainfall records in the area. This research concludes that the permeable pavement system with a drainage pipe and smooth roughness coefficient performs satisfactorily for an extreme hydrometeorological event corresponding to 140 mm considering 24 h of rainfall with a return period of 100 years equivalent to an inflow of 673 m3/day. Finally, the results indicate that, at least in the conditions of the city of Temuco, the use of permeable interlocking concrete pavement (PICP) proves to be a sustainable and feasible alternative to implementing measures of adaptation and mitigation against climate change, reducing the city’s flooding zones and allowing the irrigation of urban green areas.
Electric Vehicle Drivetrain Efficiency and the Multi-Speed Transmission Question
Authors: Lacock Stephan , du Plessis Armand André , Booysen Marthinus Johannes
Published: December 2023

The availability of high-fidelity energy consumption estimates and the ability to evaluate drivetrain efficiency are crucial for effectively planning a large-scale transition to electric vehicles. For both new and retrofitted electric vehicles, a key question is the transmission type—single-speed or multi-speed—and the resulting impact on the vehicle’s overall efficiency. This paper presents a comprehensive simulation-based methodology for evaluating the impact of transmission selection on vehicle efficiency using high-fidelity driving cycle data. The method can be used for new vehicles and retrofit applications where a transmission is already present. The efficiency of a single-speed reduction gearbox was compared to that of a five-speed multi-speed transmission in a retrofitted vehicle, of which the impact of the manual transmission on the vehicle dynamics and efficiency was examined. The manual transmission proved to be more efficient for a perfect gear-shifting strategy.
Prospects for the use of feed biologically active additive NAA in rearing of quails
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin”, Russia, Krasnodar, Shevchenko A. N.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the research was to determine the effectiveness of using different doses of a feed biologically active additive NAA when rearing of quails. In an experiment to determine the effectiveness of using different doses of feed additive, data on the dynamics of live weight, growth rate, livestock livability, and feed conversion in quails of breed of meat productivity Pharaoh were studied. The results of slaughter, the results of anatomical cutting and the weight of internal organs were analyzed. A veterinary and sanitary inspection of quail carcasses was carried out. The amino acid composition of muscle tissue has been studied. During the experiment, the microclimate of the poultry house where the experimental quails were housed was controlled; microclimate complied with generally accepted standards. The results obtained indicate that the most eff ective of the three tested dosages (0,5 ml, 1,0 ml and 2,0 ml per 1 kg of compound feed) turned out to be a dose of 1,0 ml per 1 kg of compound feed. With the introduction of 1,0 ml of feed additive per 1 kg of compound feed throughout the entire technological cycle of quails rearing, the live weight of the quails at 56 days of age was higher by 9,23 %, the average daily gain was higher by 9,50 %, and the livability of livestock was higher by 3,41 abs.%, slaughter yield by 1,7 abs.%, weight of all muscles by 7,5 g compared to the control group. A veterinary and sanitary examination of quail carcasses did not reveal any pathological changes. The smell was characteristic of fresh meat. The internal organs were located physiologically correctly. The positive effect of the feed biologically active additive NAA on the amino acid composition of muscle tissue has been established.
Studi Historis dan Analisis Arsitektur Masjid Jamik Silalas Sei Deli, Kecamatan Medan Barat
Authors: Batubara Muhammad Aziz , Asari Hasan , Faishal Muhammad
Published: December 2023

The integration of Islamic and cultural values, as well as local values in the Medan Barat Subdistrict, is marked by the emergence of new architectural representations in mosque design within the sacred realm of religious activities. This article examines the historical trajectory and architectural development of Jamik Silalas Sei Deli Mosque in the Medan Barat Subdistrict, encompassing its historical establishment, construction, and changes in the orientation of Islamic architectural styles over time. This study falls under the purview of Islamic architectural history and is a qualitative research endeavor employing historical research methods, including source collection, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography, with a specific focus on the Islamic architectural arts. The study reveals that the evolution of Islamic architecture at Jamik Silalas Sei Deli Mosque is influenced by the changing eras and local values in determining the mosque's development model. Furthermore, from a sociological perspective, the values embodied in this architectural art serve as a representation of the social and religious climate, which tends to be integrative within the community.
Nouvelles lois en Australie en termes d’esclavage moderne : Où en est le Canada ?
Authors: Tchotourian Ivan , Langenfeld Alexis
Published: December 2023

Le sujet de l’esclavage moderne, à l’image de la protection des droits de l’homme, donne lieu à une réflexion juridique intéressante. Plusieurs initiatives législatives ont récemment traité de cette problématique pour mettre en place un encadrement réglementaire spécifique ou le resserrer. Il en va ainsi de la Californie, du Royaume-Uni, de la France ou encore, de l’Europe. Si les choix adoptés ne sont pas identiques, ils sont caractérisés par une philosophie commune : la rencontre du droit et de la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises. Alors que l’Australie a adopté deux lois en juin et novembre 2018, le Canada vient de soumettre au Parlement fédéral un ambitieux projet de loi (C-438) qui s’ajoute à un avis publié par l’Autorité des marchés financiers du Québec rappelant les obligations de divulgation des entreprises cotées. Cet article expose ces évolutions et les discussions que ces évolutions suscitent.
Le nouveau droit chinois des contrats : dans une perspective comparative
Authors: Li Yingyi
Published: December 2023

Avec l’adoption du Code civil chinois, le droit chinois des contrats est confronté à la réforme de son régime juridique. Le texte le plus récent du projet publié après la deuxième lecture à l’Assemblée populaire nationale apparait plus comme une compilation qu’une réforme, en coordonnant la loi de 1999 sur les contrats avec les interprétations judiciaires publiées par la Cour populaire suprême pendant les 20 dernières années, mais sans toucher au plan général et à l’ordre des règles. Cependant, il existe des caractéristiques intéressantes dans une perspective comparative telles que l’absence de régime général des obligations qui est essentiel pour un code civil suivant la tradition du droit continental, l’annulation des règles sur la validité de contrats qui mélange celle-ci et la validité des actes juridiques, l’addition de quatre nouveaux contrats spéciaux ce qui rend ce titre plus redondant et détaillé avec ses 19 types de contrats, et la compétence des juges du fond qui reste encore confuse. Ainsi l’impact du nouveau droit des contrats restera à vérifier avec attention au fil du temps.
Personal data protection on the internet under martial law: The case of Ukraine
Authors: Onyshchenko Serhii , Burbii Anastasiia , Boikov Andrii , Riabiy Serhii , Korniiko Stanislav
Published: December 2023

The objective of this study is to determine the threats to the security of personal data on the Internet as a component of the right to privacy in the conditions of martial law, characteristics and prospects of such legal data protection in the context of Ukraine. Methodology: The study used a set of practical methods, namely: formal and legal, comparative forecasting. These methods were used to examine and classify threats to the security of personal data on the Internet under martial law conditions. Results: The study identified a number of threats to the security of personal data on the Internet under martial law conditions, including: unauthorized access to personal data, alteration or destruction of personal data, disclosure of personal data to third parties without the consent of the data owner, use of personal data for unlawful purposes. The study also examined factors that complicate data protection during cross-border sharing, including: differences in data protection laws and regulations between countries, lack of cooperation between governments on data protection, the complexity of cross-border data exchange processes. Conclusions: The findings of the study suggest that increasing the protection of personal data under martial law conditions requires a comprehensive approach that includes regulatory, organizational and communication measures. In particular, it is necessary to: strengthen data protection legislation under martial law conditions, develop cooperation mechanisms between governments on data protection, promote data protection education and awareness among citizens and organizations.
Leader's influence on the climate in the team
Authors: Cherkasskyi Andrii , Lapchenko Inna , Meloian Anait , Kiian Andrii , Pohribna Alona
Published: December 2023

This article analyses the influence of the leader on the team climate in different fields of activity. The article aims to determine the degree of influence of the leader's personality on forming the socio-psychological climate in teams from various fields of activity. The study was conducted with specialists from the IT sphere, pedagogical sphere, medicine, and law enforcement. Valid and reliable test methods were used to obtain reliable data. The prevalence of average indicators of leadership influence in the studied samples has been empirically proven. The tendencies of distribution of the components of the leader's personality depending on the sphere of professional activity were determined. Тhe study results suggest that leadership skills and organisational skills are the most important factors influencing team climate in teams of medical professionals and law enforcement, while communication skills and emotional intelligence are more important in teams of teachers and IT specialists. The research hypothesis has been confirmed. Prospects for further scientific research include studying the impact of different leadership styles on the organisational climate of the team, as well as expanding the research sample by involving representatives of a broader range of specialities.
Using online constructor as a means of increasing motivation to study literature
Authors: Shvetsova Tatiana V. , Shakhova Veronika E.
Published: December 2023

The aim of this paper - presents the experience in creating a layout of an electronic literature textbook using an online constructor. The “Arctic Robinsonade” plot served as the material for the textbook. The methodological apparatus of the research involves the synthesis of such approaches as hermeneutics and comparative studies. The present investigation is of teaching theory and techniques and digital technologies. The questionnaire surveying method was used to collect the empirical material. Mathematical methods of processing, analysis and interpretation of the pedagogical experiment results were applied in the course of the work. The methods of analyzing differences between independent samples, ranking method, method of testing significance of zero and alternative hypotheses were used for statistic information processing in MS Excel. The results: the capabilities of online constructor Tilda to work on the design of multimedia study aid are determined and described; the model of the chapter in multimedia textbook in native literature is developed; the sections of multimedia study aid are described, the examples of the tasks are given, the efficiency of applying the service of creating websites (online constructor) is established. The developed multimedia product is useful for school teachers and students.
Functions and principles of creating quality information support for the educational space of higher education institution
Authors: Tretko Vitaliy , Vasіutina Tеtіana , Kolomiiets Inna , Iievliev Oleksandr , Kramar Volodymyr
Published: December 2023

The article reveals the main provisions and shows the necessity of informatization of the educational space of the higher school at the current stage. The purpose of the article is to show the necessity and to define the main provisions of the informatization of the educational space of the higher school at the current stage to ensure the quality education of those seeking education. The methodology of the article characterizes the totality and connection of the following methodological techniques: competence, acmeological, systemic, interdisciplinary, personal-activity, comparative, prognostic; methodological principles of research; patterns of educational and professional activity; global trends in the development of informatization of the educational space of a higher school to ensure quality education of education seekers; trends of globalization. The article reveals the requirements for informatization of the educational space of a higher school, lists the advantages, shows the main positions of the teacher's role in creating an informational educational space using computer technologies. The most important educational areas of high-quality education of education seekers with the help of informatization of the educational space of the higher school during pedagogical interaction, which create decent conditions in educational activities, are singled out.
Milenij za nama
Authors: Čizmin Anastazija , Begić Klara
Published: December 2023

Prošlost samostana sv. Marije obilježena je jakim, samozatajnim ženama koje su snagu crpile iz Božje Riječi, štiteći samostan i benediktinski način života. U ovom izlaganju dat ćemo pregled jedanaest stoljeća povijesti samostana sv. Marije u Zadru kroz lik i djelo jedanaest opatica. Zajedničko im je da su, nakon određenih teških političkih i ekonomskih situacija, u stabilnijem razdoblju života samostana, pristupale značajnijim građevinskim zahvatima. Opatica Lampredia spominje se 920. godine, a od Ciccine obnove 1066. godine samostan kontinuirano opstoji. Opatica Vekenega u XII. stoljeću donacijom kralja Kolomana gradi kapitularnu dvoranu i zvonik. U XV. stoljeću zvonik je temeljito obnovljen, a nakon požara krajem stoljeća gradi se gotičko-renesansni trijem. U XVI. stoljeću opatica Donata Nassi pristupa obnovi crkve koja dobiva renesansna obilježja. U XVIII. i XIX. stoljeću obnovljena je unutrašnjost crkve. Posljednju obnovu samostana, srušenog i spaljenog u Drugom svjetskom ratu, vodi opatica Benedikta Braun.