bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and Survival of Systemic Sclerosis-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Overlap Syndrome
Authors: Alharbi Samar , Ahmad Zareen , Bookman Arthur A. , Touma Zahi , Sanchez-Guerrero Jorge , Mitsakakis Nicholas , Johnson Sindhu R.
Published: July 2018

Objective.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) may overlap with systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). Little is known about the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and survival of SSc-SLE overlap. We evaluated the prevalence of SSc-SLE overlap and differences in SSc characteristics, and compared survival with SSc without SLE.

Methods.

A cohort study was conducted including subjects who fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for SSc and/or the ACR criteria for SLE. The primary outcome was time from diagnosis to all-cause mortality. Survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models.

Results.

We identified 1252 subjects (SSc: n = 1166, SSc-SLE: n = 86) with an SSc-SLE prevalence of 6.8%. Those with SSc-SLE were younger at diagnosis (37.9 yrs vs 47.9 yrs, p < 0.001), more frequently East Asian (5.5% vs 20%) or South Asian (5.1% vs 12%), had lupus anticoagulant (6% vs 0.3%, p < 0.001), anticardiolipin antibody (6% vs 0.9%, p < 0.001), and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH; 52% vs 31%, p < 0.001). Those with SSc-SLE less frequently had calcinosis (13% vs 27%, p = 0.007), telangiectasia (49% vs 75%, p < 0.001), and diffuse subtype (12% vs 35%, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of renal crisis (7% vs 7%), interstitial lung disease (ILD; 41% vs 34%), and digital ulcers (38% vs 32%). Those with SSc-SLE had better median survival time (26.1 vs 22.4 yrs), but this was not statistically significant (log-rank p = 0.06). Female sex and diffuse subtype attenuated survival differences between groups (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.67–1.67).

Conclusion.

Patients with SSc-SLE are younger at diagnosis, more frequently have PAH, and less frequently have cutaneous manifestations of SSc. They should be monitored for ILD, renal crisis, and digital ulcers.
Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Compliance with Diabetes Screening Guidelines
Authors: Schmidt Timothy J. , Aviña-Zubieta J. Antonio , Sayre Eric C. , Abrahamowicz Michal , Esdaile John M. , Lacaille Diane
Published: July 2018

Objective.

To evaluate compliance with diabetes screening guidelines for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to the general population.

Methods.

We conducted the first longitudinal study of a population-based RA cohort including all prevalent RA cases in British Columbia between 1996 and 2006 and followed until 2010, with matched general population comparators. Using administrative data, we measured compliance with general population guidelines [i.e., testing plasma glucose (PG) at least once every 3 years after age 45] after excluding individuals with previous diabetes. Followup was divided into 3-year eligibility periods. Compliance was measured as the proportion of periods with ≥ 1 PG test performed. OR (95% CI) of compliance in RA (vs general population) was calculated using generalized estimating equation models, adjusting for age and sex. Mean compliance rate per patient was also calculated and compared using the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results.

Analysis included 22,624 individuals with RA, contributing 48,724 three-year eligibility periods; and 22,579 people in a general population group, contributing 51,081 three-year eligibility periods. PG was measured in 72.3% (SD 37%) of the eligible time periods in the RA sample and in 70.4% (SD 38%) for the general population (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.09, p < 0.0001). RA individuals met recommended screening guidelines in 71.4% of their eligible periods, compared to 70.6% (p < 0.001). Screening improved over time in RA relative to the general population. Family physicians ordered nearly all the PG tests.

Conclusion.

Compliance with general population guidelines for diabetes screening in RA was suboptimal, with little difference relative to the general population, despite a higher risk of CVD and diabetes.
Preconceptional Cardiovascular Health and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Eudy Amanda M. , Siega-Riz Anna Maria , Engel Stephanie M. , Franceschini Nora , Howard Annie Green , Clowse Megan E.B. , Petri Michelle
Published: July 2018

Objective.

To estimate the effects of preconceptional cardiovascular (CV) health, measured by American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, on pregnancy outcomes in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods.

The study included patients in the Hopkins Lupus Pregnancy Cohort. Body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol, and blood pressure (BP) in the most recent clinic visit prior to conception or first trimester were used to determine CV health (ideal, intermediate, or poor health) based on AHA definitions. Outcomes included preterm birth, gestational age at birth, and small for gestational age (SGA). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations estimated the association of each CV health factor and outcome.

Results.

The analysis included 309 live births. There were 95 preterm births (31%), and of the 293 pregnancies with birth weights, 18% were SGA. Ideal BMI, total cholesterol, and BP were reported in 56%, 85%, and 51% of pregnancies, respectively. Intermediate BMI was associated with decreased odds of SGA (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.11–0.63), adjusted for race and prednisone use. Intermediate/poor total cholesterol was associated with increased odds of preterm birth (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.06–4.62). Intermediate/poor BP was associated with decreased gestational age at birth (β −0.96, 95% CI −1.62 to −0.29).

Conclusion.

Poor/intermediate preconception CV health affects pregnancy outcomes of preterm birth and SGA infants among women with SLE. Efforts to maintain BMI, total cholesterol, and BP within the recommended ideal range prior to pregnancy is important to improve pregnancy outcomes in women with SLE.
Risk Factors for Future Scleroderma Renal Crisis at Systemic Sclerosis Diagnosis
Authors: Gordon Sarah M. , Stitt Rodger S. , Nee Robert , Bailey Wayne T. , Little Dustin J. , Knight Kendral R. , Hughes James B. , Edison Jess D. , Olson Stephen W.
Published: July 2018

Objective.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a disease of autoimmunity, fibrosis, and vasculopathy. Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is one of the most severe complications. Corticosteroid exposure, presence of anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies (ARA), skin thickness, and significant tendon friction rubs are among the known risk factors at SSc diagnosis for developing future SRC. Identification of additional clinical characteristics and laboratory findings could expand and improve the risk profile for future SRC at SSc diagnosis.

Methods.

In this retrospective cohort study of the entire military electronic medical record between 2005 and 2016, we compared the demographics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory results at SSc diagnosis for 31 cases who developed SRC after SSc diagnosis to 322 SSc without SRC disease controls.

Results.

After adjustment for potential confounding variables, at SSc diagnosis these conditions were all associated with future SRC: proteinuria (p < 0.001; OR 183, 95% CI 19.1–1750), anemia (p = 0.001; OR 9.9, 95% CI 2.7–36.2), hypertension (p < 0.001; OR 13.1, 95% CI 4.7–36.6), chronic kidney disease (p = 0.008; OR 20.7, 95% CI 2.2–190.7), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p < 0.001; OR 14.3, 95% CI 4.8–43.0), thrombocytopenia (p = 0.03; OR 7.0, 95% CI 1.2–42.7), hypothyroidism (p = 0.01; OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.2–6.7), Anti-Ro antibody seropositivity (p = 0.003; OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.6–9.8), and ARA (p = 0.02; OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.2–13.8). Three or more of these risk factors present at SSc diagnosis was sensitive (77%) and highly specific (97%) for future SRC. No SSc without SRC disease controls had ≥ 4 risk factors.

Conclusion.

In this SSc cohort, we present a panel of risk factors for future SRC. These patients may benefit from close observation of blood pressure, proteinuria, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, for earlier SRC identification and intervention. Future prospective therapeutic studies could focus specifically on this high-risk population.
Whole Exome Sequencing in Early-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Batu Ezgi Deniz , Koşukcu Can , Taşkıran Ekim , Sahin Sezgin , Akman Sema , Sözeri Betül , Ünsal Erbil , Bilginer Yelda , Kasapcopur Ozgur , Alikaşifoğlu Mehmet , Ozen Seza
Published: July 2018

Objective.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder. Early-onset, familial, and/or syndromic SLE may reveal monogenic pathologies. The aim of this study was to examine genetic associations in patients with early-onset or familial SLE.

Methods.

We enrolled 7 SLE cases (from different families) with disease onset ≤ 5 years of age and family history consistent with an autosomal recessive inheritance. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in 6 index cases. Suspected variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. We did not perform WES in 1 patient who had features similar to the first 3 cases; only the exons ofC1QA, C1QB,andC1QCwere screened with Sanger sequencing.

Results.

We demonstrated 2 novel and 3 previously reported variants in genes associated with SLE: a homozygous non-sense alteration (c.622C>T/p.Gln208Ter) inC1QAin 2 patients; homozygous non-sense alteration (c.79C>T/p.Gln27Ter) inC1QCin 1 (novel variant); homozygous missense alteration (c.100G>A/p.Gly34Arg) inC1QCin 1; homozygous missense alteration (c.1945G>C/p.Ala649Pro) inC1Sin 1 (novel variant); and homozygous frameshift alteration (c.289_290delAC/p.Thr97Ilefs*2) inDNASE1L3in 1 patient. Further, in 1 patient, we determined a strong candidate variant inHDAC7(histone decetylase 7).

Conclusion.

Five patients had homozygous alterations in genes coding early complement proteins. This may lead to decreased clearance of apoptotic bodies. One patient hadDNASE1L3variant, which functions in the clearance of self-antigens. In 1 patient, we determined a novel gene that may be important in SLE pathogenesis. We suggest that monogenic causes/associations should be sought in early-onset and/or familial SLE.
Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics and Mortality in Korean Patients with Systemic Sclerosis: A Nationwide Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Moon Ki Won , Lee Shin-Seok , Lee Yun Jong , Jun Jae-Bum , Yoo Su-Jin , Ju Ji Hyeon , Chang Sung Hae , Choi In Ah , Kang Tae Young , Lee Eun Bong , Lee Seung-Geun
Published: July 2018

Objective.

We aimed to investigate demographic and clinical features and predictors of mortality in Korean patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods.

We performed a retrospective multicenter medical chart review in Korean patients diagnosed with SSc from 1986 to 2016 at 11 university hospitals representing each geographic area of Korea. SSc patients were defined according to the American College of Rheumatology preliminary classification criteria and subtyped as limited cutaneous (lcSSc) or diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) SSc.

Results.

We enrolled 751 patients (female, 86.7%; mean age at diagnosis, 48.9 yrs). The most common organ involvement was interstitial lung disease (52.7%), followed by gastroesophageal reflux disease (32.9%) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (13.6%). Patients with lcSSc were more common than those with dcSSc (64.8 vs 35.2%), whereas anti-Scl-70 and anticentromere antibody positivity were identified in 302 (42.5%) and 175 (25.5%) patients, respectively. In the 46 (6.1%) patients who developed a malignancy, lung cancer (23.9%) was the most common diagnosis, followed by gastric (13%) and breast cancer (13%). During the study period, 57 (7.6%) patients died, and the 5- and 10-year survival rates were 94% and 87%, respectively. Increased age at diagnosis, cardiovascular involvement, and anti-Scl-70 antibody positivity were significant predictors of death.

Conclusion.

Clinical manifestations and survival rates in Korean SSc patients are similar to those of other populations. However, the prevalence of anti-Scl-70 antibody is higher in Korean SSc patients compared with whites, while the prevalence of anticentromere antibody is lower.
Primary and Secondary Fibromyalgia Are The Same: The Universality of Polysymptomatic Distress
Authors: Wolfe Frederick , Walitt Brian , Rasker Johannes J. , Häuser Winfried
Published: July 2018

Objective.

Polysymptomatic distress (PSD) is the underlying metric of fibromyalgia (FM), and levels of PSD can identify criteria-positive FM with > 90% accuracy. We used levels of the PSD scale to test whether symptom levels in primary FM (PFM) and secondary FM (SFM) were the same and whether symptoms were equivalent in persons not meeting FM criteria.

Methods.

We studied 1525 patients with a clinical diagnosis of FM and 12,037 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We used regression models to compare patients with potential and actual PFM to RA patients with potential and actual SFM for 17 key clinical variables.

Results.

When controlled for PSD values, the widespread pain index, symptom severity scale, and pain, global, quality of life, and physical and mental component scores were essentially the same or only slightly different in PFM and SFM. Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index scores were slightly higher in SFM (0.21 units), as was the painful joint count (1.6 joints). Overall, higher PSD scores were associated with more severe symptoms or abnormal status. PSD scores in patients not satisfying FM criteria and in patients satisfying criteria operated similarly.

Conclusion.

PFM and SFM are equivalent regarding symptom burden. PSD scores are more informative about severity and severity within diagnosis than dichotomization into FM/non-FM. Studies of FM versus “healthy individuals,” or FM versus other diseases, are inherently defective, while studies of FM and PSD in RA offer the opportunity to have meaningful comparison groups, because there are no readily available unbiased appropriate controls for PFM.
Tongue Atrophy in Sjögren Syndrome Patients with Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma: Autoimmune Epithelitis beyond the Epithelial Cells of Salivary Glands?
Authors: Zampeli Evangelia , Kalogirou Eleni-Marina , Piperi Evangelia , Mavragani Clio P. , Moutsopoulos Haralampos M.
Published: July 2018

Objective.

Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS), an autoimmune epithelitis, bears the risk of evolving to non-Hodgkin lymphoma and most frequently to the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) subtype. Based on the observation that pSS patients with MALT present a more atrophic and more intensely fissured tongue, we aimed to semiquantify severity of tongue atrophy and clinically assess lingual appearance in pSS patients with and without MALT, and investigate whether tongue atrophy and fissured appearance could serve as clinical indicators/signs of MALT.

Methods.

A blinded complete oral examination was performed in pSS patients with and without MALT. Tongue atrophy was scored using a semiquantified atrophy score. Clinical and laboratory variables were recorded for all patients.

Results.

After excluding pSS patients with oral candidiasis, iron deficiency, and megaloblastic anemia, 19 pSS patients with salivary MALT were matched 1:3 for age, sex, and disease duration with 57 pSS patients without MALT. The pSS-MALT patients had increased prevalence of salivary gland enlargement, lymphadenopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, rheumatoid factor positivity, higher focus and Tarpley scores in the minor salivary gland biopsy, and hyposalivation, compared to the pSS non-MALT patients. A significantly higher prevalence of tongue atrophy (68% vs 30%, p = 0.006) and fissured tongue (89% vs 33%, p < 0.001) was observed in the former group. Multivariate analysis showed that fissured tongue appearance, hyposalivation, and lymphadenopathy associate independently with salivary MALT in pSS.

Conclusion.

These results suggest that pSS patients with lymphoid malignancy exhibit a more atrophic and more fissured tongue. This particular clinical tongue appearance can serve as an additional clinical sign for salivary MALT lymphoma in pSS patients.
Les premiers échos du pronunciamiento de 1820 dans la presse parisienne
Authors: Nagy Laurent
Published: July 2018

Qualifié de « révolte prétorienne » par les uns ou de « soulèvement national » par les autres, le mouvement militaire de Las Cabezas de San Juan du 1er janvier 1820 se colore en France de la teinte politique des différents journaux d’opinion. Avec une promptitude extraordinaire, à un moment de très grande conflictualité politique, les publicistes imposent les affaires d’Espagne dans les débats français.Cet article, limité dans le temps aux trois mois d’incertitude concernant l’issue de l’insurrection et confiné à l’espace de la presse quotidienne parisienne, vise avant tout à revenir sur la perception immédiate d’un événement transnational. Il s’arrête aussi sur la manière dont certains titres, au détriment de la réalité des faits, s’approprient les péripéties survenues en Andalousie pour mieux agir sur l’opinion publique française.
El Liceo General del Bello Sexo (1804), de Antonio Marqués y Espejo, una tentativa fallida para la ilustración de la mujer
Authors: Rodríguez Morín Felipe
Published: July 2018

Nous nous proposons d’analyser ici, à la lumière de données inédites sur la vie et l’œuvre de Marqués y Espejo, les textes que ce dernier soumit en 1804 à la censure en vue de la publication du périodique Liceo General del Bello Sexo o Décadas Eruditas y Morales de las Damas, projet qui, pour des raisons politiques, ne put voir le jour.Fidèle aux idéaux des Lumières, percevant que l’éducation des jeunes filles commençait à s’ouvrir une voie dans une société et une littérature jusqu’alors dominées par les hommes, particulièrement sensible à l’univers féminin de par son emploi, et estimant qu’une meilleure éducation des femmes rejaillirait positivement sur l’ensemble de la société, Antonio Marqués y Espejo souhaitait élever leur niveau culturel grâce aux leçons qu’il souhaitait délivrer au moyen de sa revue.
“This is our homeland”: Yemen’s marginalized and the quest for rights and recognition
Authors: Hall Bogumila
Published: July 2018

Reflecting on the muhammashīn's distance towards the 2011 popular revolution, this article sets out to explore the complicated relationship between the Yemeni marginalized and the nation, and politics of the marginalized more broadly. I discuss how the rough boundaries of belonging and exclusion are drawn, and how they are negotiated in complex ways by the muhammashīn, who seek better lives, rights and recognition as worthy human beings. Going beyond the dominant focus on subaltern oppositional subjectivities, this article points to the more nuanced acts of negotiations, whereby the dehumanized muhammashīn choose to declare themselves as loyal Yemenis and ideal citizens yearning to be incorporated into the body of the nation. Our reading of the revolutionary period from the perspective of its most vulnerable actors aims to contribute to the recent literature on the Arab uprisings, and to unearth the voices and meanings of the Yemeni marginalized, whose projects and aspirations remain largely invisible.
Aplicación de la crítica de los dispositivos a la cena performativa “El Somni” de El Celler de Can Roca y Fran Aleu
Authors: Yemsi-Paillissé Anne-Claire , Acosta Meneses Yanet , Martínez Monique , Martínez Monique , Calvo Gutiérrez Elvira
Published: July 2018

A partir de los conceptos acunados por la Crítica de los dispositivos se disciernen y analizan los niveles técnicos, pragmáticos y simbólicos (a menudo imbricados) de la ópera gastronómica “El Somni” (The Dream) propuesta en 2013 por los hermanos Roca y Fran Aleu. Gracias a este estudio, observamos que “El Somni” resulta ser una transgresión de la concepción tradicional de la gastronomía como herramienta para la obtención de placer o de felicidad a través del gusto yun dispositivo subversivo que sacude las estructuras estándar y las expectativas puestas en una comida, con lo que la cocina de vanguardia trasciende lo meramente alimentario para convertirse en un lenguaje artístico. Y pese a ello, el comensal mantiene sus hábitos de socialización.
Geographic Trends in the Orthopedic Surgery Residency Match
Authors: Cox Ryan M. , Sobel Andrew D. , Biercevicz Alison , Eberson Craig P. , Mulcahey Mary K.
Published: July 2018

Background 

Residency program location may be an important factor for orthopedic surgery residency applicants. More than half of residents locate their practice near the site of their training, and surgical specialties (eg, otolaryngology, plastic surgery, and general surgery) have shown geographic patterns in their residency matches.

Objective 

We analyzed geographic trends in the orthopedic surgery Match.

Methods 

Hometown, undergraduate institution, and medical school “preresidency locations” of all allopathic, nonmilitary, orthopedic surgery residents were recorded from program websites for the 2015–2016 academic year. Program and preresidency locations were coded according to state and US census division. Statistical analysis was used to investigate associations between residency program locations and preresidency locations.

Results 

Of 2662 residents in the study, 1220 of 2614 (47%), 536 of 1329 (40%), and 308 of 744 (41%) matched into the same division as their medical school, undergraduate institution, and hometown, respectively. There were significant differences among divisions (P < .001). Also, 817 of 2662 (31%), 319 of 1329 (24%), and 200 of 770 (26%) residents matched in the same state as their medical school, undergraduate institution, and hometown, respectively, with significant differences between states for medical school (P < .0001) and undergraduate institution (P < .0001), but not hometown (P = .22). Overall, 21% of residents (538 of 2612) matched at the program affiliated with their medical school.

Conclusions 

There is an association among hometown, undergraduate institution, and medical school for the training program location in which orthopedic surgery residents match, with variability in locations matched at state and census division levels.
Cloud, precipitation and radiation responses to large perturbations in global dimethyl sulfide
Authors: Fiddes Sonya L. , Woodhouse Matthew T. , Nicholls Zebedee , Lane Todd P. , Schofield Robyn
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Natural aerosol emission represents one of the largest
uncertainties in our understanding of the radiation budget. Sulfur emitted by
marine organisms, as dimethyl sulfide (DMS), constitutes one-fifth of the
global sulfur budget and yet the distribution, fluxes and fate of DMS remain
poorly constrained. This study evaluates the Australian Community Climate and
Earth System Simulator (ACCESS) United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosol (UKCA)
model in terms of cloud fraction, radiation and precipitation, and then
quantifies the role of DMS in the chemistry–climate system. We find that
ACCESS-UKCA has similar cloud and radiation biases to other global climate
models. By removing all DMS, or alternatively significantly enhancing marine DMS,
we find a top of the atmosphere radiative effect of 1.7 and −1.4 W m−2
respectively. The largest responses to these DMS perturbations
(removal/enhancement) are in stratiform cloud decks in the Southern
Hemisphere's eastern ocean basins. These regions show significant differences
in low cloud (-9/+6 %), surface incoming shortwave radiation (+7/-5 W m−2) and large-scale rainfall (+15/-10 %). We demonstrate a precipitation
suppression effect of DMS-derived aerosol in stratiform cloud deck regions
due to DMS, coupled with an increase in low cloud fraction. The difference in
low cloud fraction is an example of the aerosol lifetime effect. Globally, we
find a sensitivity of temperature to annual DMS flux of 0.027 and
0.019 K per Tg yr−1 of sulfur, respectively. Other areas
of low cloud formation, such as the Southern Ocean and stratiform cloud decks
in the Northern Hemisphere, have a relatively weak response to DMS
perturbations. We highlight the need for greater understanding of the
DMS–climate cycle within the context of uncertainties and biases of climate
models as well as those of DMS–climate observations.
Quantification of peroxynitric acid and peroxyacyl nitrates using an ethane-based thermal dissociation peroxy radical chemical amplification cavity ring-down spectrometer
Authors: Taha Youssef M. , Saowapon Matthew T. , Assad Faisal V. , Ye Connie Z. , Chen Xining , Garner Natasha M. , Osthoff Hans D.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Peroxy and peroxyacyl nitrates (PNs and PANs) are important trace gas constituents of the troposphere which are challenging to quantify by differential thermal dissociation with NO2 detection in polluted (i.e., high-NOx) environments. In this paper, a thermal dissociation peroxy radical chemical amplification cavity ring-down spectrometer (TD-PERCA-CRDS) for sensitive and selective quantification of total peroxynitrates (ΣPN  =  ΣRO2NO2) and of total peroxyacyl nitrates (ΣPAN  =  ΣRC(O)O2NO2) is described. The instrument features multiple detection channels to monitor the NO2 background and the ROx ( =  HO2 + RO2 + ΣRO2) radicals generated by TD of ΣPN and/or ΣPAN. Chemical amplification is achieved through the addition of 0.6 ppm NO and 1.6 % C2H6 to the inlet. The instrument's performance was evaluated using peroxynitric acid (PNA) and peroxyacetic or peroxypropionic nitric anhydride (PAN or PPN) as representative examples of ΣPN and ΣPAN, respectively, whose abundances were verified by iodide chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS). The amplification factor or chain length increases with temperature up to 69 ± 5 and decreases with analyte concentration and relative humidity (RH). At inlet temperatures above 120 and 250 °C, respectively, PNA and ΣPAN fully dissociated, though their TD profiles partially overlap. Furthermore, interference from ozone (O3) was observed at temperatures above 150 °C, rationalized by its partial dissociation to O atoms which react with C2H6 to form C2H5 and OH radicals. Quantification of PNA and ΣPAN in laboratory-generated mixtures containing O3 was achieved by simultaneously monitoring the TD-PERCA responses in multiple parallel CRDS channels set to different temperatures in the 60 to 130 °C range. The (1 s, 2σ) limit of detection (LOD) of TD-PERCA-CRDS is 6.8 pptv for PNA and 2.6 pptv for ΣPAN and significantly lower than TD-CRDS without chemical amplification. The feasibility of TD-PERCA-CRDS for ambient air measurements is discussed.
A Calibration Procedure Which Accounts for Non-linearity in Single-monochromator Brewer Ozone Spectrophotometer Measurements
Authors: Vaziri Zanjani Zahra , Moeini Omid , McElroy Tom , Barton David , Savastiouk Vladimir
Published: July 2018

Abstract. It is now known that Single-monochromator Brewer Spectrophotometer ozone and sulphur dioxide measurements suffer from non-linearity at large ozone slant column amounts due to the presence of instrumental stray light caused by scattering within the optics of the instrument. Because of the large gradient in the ozone absorption spectrum in the near-ultraviolet, the atmospheric spectra measured by the instrument possess a very large gradient in intensity in the 300 to 325 nm wavelength region. This results in a significant sensitivity to stray light when there is more than 1000 Dobson Units (DU) of ozone in the light path. As the light path (airmass) through ozone increases, the stray light effect on the measurements also increases. The measurements can be on the order of 10 % low for an ozone column of 600 DU and an airmass factor of 3 (1800 DU slant column amount) causing an underestimation of the ozone column. Primary calibrations for the Brewer instrument are carried out at Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii. They are done using the Langley plot method to extrapolate a set of measurements made under a constant ozone amount to an extraterrestrial calibration constant. Since the effects of a small non-linearity at lower ozone paths may still be important, a better calibration procedure should account for the non-linearity of the instrument response. Studies involving the scanning of a laser source have been used to characterize the stray light response of the Brewer, but until recently these data have not been used to elucidate the relationship between the stray light response and the ozone measurement non-linearity. This paper presents a simple and practical method of correcting for the effects of stray light that includes a mathematical model of the instrument response and a non-linear retrieval approach that calculates the best values for the model parameters. The model can then be used in reverse to provide more accurate ozone values up to a defined maximum ozone slant path. The parameterization used was validated using an instrument physical model simulation.
Validation of Aura MLS retrievals of temperature, water vapour and ozone
in the upper troposphere and lower–middle stratosphere over the Tibetan Plateau during boreal summer
Authors: Yan Xiaolu , Wright Jonathon S. , Zheng Xiangdong , Livesey Nathaniel J. , Vömel Holger , Zhou Xiuji
Published: July 2018

Abstract. We validate Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) version 3 (v3) and version 4 (v4) retrievals of summertime temperature, water vapour and ozone in the upper troposphere and lower–middle stratosphere (UTLS; 10–316 hPa) against balloon soundings collected during the Study of Ozone, Aerosols and Radiation over the Tibetan Plateau (SOAR-TP). Mean v3 and v4 profiles of temperature, water vapour and ozone in this region during the measurement campaigns are almost identical through most of the stratosphere (10–68 hPa), but differ in several respects in the upper troposphere and tropopause layer. Differences in v4 relative to v3 include slightly colder mean temperatures from 100 to 316 hPa, smaller mean water vapour mixing ratios in the upper troposphere (215–316 hPa) and a more vertically homogeneous profile of mean ozone mixing ratios below the climatological tropopause (100–316 hPa). These changes substantially improve agreement between ozonesondes and MLS ozone retrievals in the upper troposphere, but slightly worsen existing cold and dry biases at these levels. Aura MLS temperature profiles contain significant cold biases relative to collocated temperature measurements in several layers of the lower–middle stratosphere and in the upper troposphere. MLS retrievals of water vapour volume mixing ratio generally compare well with collocated measurements, excepting a substantial dry bias (−32 ± 11 % in v4) that extends through most of the upper troposphere (121–261 hPa). MLS retrievals of ozone volume mixing ratio are biased high relative to collocated ozonesondes in the stratosphere (18–83 hPa), but are biased low at 100 hPa. The largest relative biases in ozone retrievals (approximately +70 %) are located at 83 hPa. MLS v4 offers substantial benefits relative to v3, particularly with respect to water vapour and ozone. Key improvements include larger data yields, reduced noise in the upper troposphere and smaller fluctuations in the bias profile at pressures larger than 100 hPa. The situation for temperature is less clear, with cold biases and noise levels in the upper troposphere, both larger in v4 than in v3. Several aspects of our results differ from those of validations conducted in other locations. These differences are often amplified by monsoon onset, indicating that the Asian monsoon anticyclone poses unique challenges for remote sensing that impact the quality of MLS retrievals in this region.
A new global interior ocean mapped climatology: the 1° ×  1° GLODAP version 2
Authors: Lauvset Siv K. , Key Robert M. , Olsen Are , van Heuven Steven , Velo Anton , Lin Xiaohua , Schirnick Carsten , Kozyr Alex , Tanhua Toste , Hoppema Mario , Jutterström Sara , Steinfeldt Reiner , Jeansson Emil , Ishii Masao , Perez Fiz F. , Suzuki Toru , Watelet Sylvain
Published: July 2018

Abstract. We present a mapped climatology (GLODAPv2.2016b) of ocean biogeochemical variables based on the new GLODAP version 2 data product (Olsen et al., 2016; Key et al., 2015), which covers all ocean basins over the years 1972 to 2013. The quality-controlled and internally consistent GLODAPv2 was used to create global 1°  ×  1° mapped climatologies of salinity, temperature, oxygen, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2), total alkalinity (TAlk), pH, and CaCO3 saturation states using the Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis (DIVA) mapping method. Improving on maps based on an earlier but similar dataset, GLODAPv1.1, this climatology also covers the Arctic Ocean. Climatologies were created for 33 standard depth surfaces. The conceivably confounding temporal trends in TCO2 and pH due to anthropogenic influence were removed prior to mapping by normalizing these data to the year 2002 using first-order calculations of anthropogenic carbon accumulation rates. We additionally provide maps of accumulated anthropogenic carbon in the year 2002 and of preindustrial TCO2. For all parameters, all data from the full 1972–2013 period were used, including data that did not receive full secondary quality control. The GLODAPv2.2016b global 1°  ×  1° mapped climatologies, including error fields and ancillary information, are available at the GLODAPv2 web page at the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC; doi:10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.NDP093_GLODAPv2).
Protein quality chicken meat after feeding with active substances of citrus fruits and diclazuril and salinomycin sodium
Authors: Angelovičová Mária , Bučko Ondřej , Angelovič Marek , Zajác Peter , Čapla Jozef , Šnirc Marek , Tkáčová Jana , Klimentová Michaela
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this study was an experimental investigation of the inï¬‚uence of active substances obtained mainly from citrus fruits in the experimental feed mixtures, and diclazuril and salinomycin sodium in the control feed mixtures of broiler chickens on productive efficiency and protein quality of the breast and thigh muscles. In vivo experiment was carried out with hybrid chickens Cobb 500. Basic feed mixtures were equal a soy cereal type for experimental and control group. Indicators of productive efficiency were measured and calculated, and protein, lysine and methionine contents in the breast and thigh muscles were measured by the method of FT IR, Nicolet 6700. Active substances obtained mainly from citrus fruits confirmed a statistically significant (p Ë‚0.05) positive effect on the body weight gain; tended to slightly increase feed intake per bird, protein, energy, lysine and methionine intake per bird; slightly decrease feed intake per 1 kg of body weight gain, protein, energy, lysine and methionine intake per 1 kg of body weight gain; slightly increase protein efficiency ratio and energy efficiency ratio. Additive substances used in the feed mixtures did not have a statistically significant effect on protein, lysine and methionine contents in the breast and thigh muscles but displayed a strong positive, statistically significant relation between lysine and methionine in them.
Effect of essential oils of Lamiaceae plants on the Rhizopus spp.
Authors: Tančinová Dana , Mašková Zuzana , Denisa Foltinová Denisa , Štefániková Jana , Árvay Július
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the fungicidal effect of eleven essential oils against six isolates of the genus Rhizopus. Isolates were obtained from various moldy foods (chestnut, bread, strawberry, nectarine, blackberry and cherry tomatoes).  The essential oils used in this study were extracts of basil (Oscimum basilicum L.), hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia MILLER.), marjoram (Origanum majorana L.), mint (Mentha piperita L.), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.), summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.). Semi-quantitative composition of the essential oil samples was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC-MS analyses of the essential oils led to identification of 139 compounds, of which 49 were presented in ≥1% amount in at least one essential oil. The antifungal activity of essential oils against the Rhizopus spp. was determined, using micro-atmosphere method (0.625 μL.ml-1 of air), during 7 days. Seven essential oils: thyme, mint, summer savory, lavender, marjoram, oregano and wild thyme completely inhibited the growth of all isolates. Other essential oils have different effects on the growth of isolates. Basil essential oil stimulated growth of two isolates on the second day of cultivation. The growth of other isolates was, by contrast, inhibited by this essential oil in the same time of cultivation. Hyssop essential oil completely inhibited growth of two isolates, other 4 isolates were inhibited to fourth day of cultivation. In conclusion, certain essential oils are highly effective in vapour phase and can be used in another test of their antifungal activity and could be used in control of Rhizopus spp. or other fungal pathogens.
Variation of fruits morphometric parameters of Elaeagnus multiflora thunb. germplasm collection
Authors: Grygorieva Olga , Klymenko Svitlana , Ilinska Antonia , Brindza Ján
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study was to determine morphometric parameters of fruits within some genotypes of Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb., which are growing in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine in M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of NAS of Ukraine (NBG). Their morphometric parameters were following: fruit weight from 0.32 to 1.89 g, fruit length from 7.60 to 19.54 mm, fruit diameter from 4.39 to 10.32 mm, seed weight from 0.10 to 0.41 g, seed length from 7.40 to 13.30 mm, seed diameter from 1.34 to 5.07 mm. The shape indexes of fruits and seeds were found ranging from 1.25 to 1.56 and from 2.90 to 4.04, respectively. The analysis of coefficient of variation showed the difference of variability in morphometric characteristics between Elaeagnus multiflora samples. Data showed that the most variability of important selection characteristics is the average cumulative seeds weight - from 18.72 to 36.61%, seeds diameter - from 10.46 to 24.29%, fruits weight - from 9.15 to 22.24%. The other characteristics are more or less stable. Collected quantitative data were subjected to principal hierarchical cluster analysis. The cluster analysis of morphometric parameters exhibited that the Elaeagnus multiflora genotypes fell into two clusters. These cluster analysis results suggest that broad morphologic diversity was found in Elaeagnus multiflora genotypes examined in this study. The introduction population of the Elaeagnus multiflora, was created in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden in Kyiv, has a sufficient potential for successful selection work. These preliminary results could open the interest of farmers in this Elaeagnus multiflora and will be precedent for future domestication and introduction of the species in the agroproductive system in Ukraine and the rest of the world.
Biochemical composition of sweet cherry (Prynus avium L.) fruit depending on the scion-stock combinations
Authors: Upadysheva Galina , Motyleva Svetlana , Kulikov Ivan , Medvedev Sergei , Mertvishcheva Mariia
Published: July 2018

The results of the field and biochemical researches of sweet cherry Prunus avium L. scion Chermashnaya fruit grown on 8 clonal stocks (Kolt, Moskoviya, Izmaylovskiy, Stepnoy rodnik, AVCH-2, VSL-2, VTS-13, V-5-88) are presented. Trees productivity, the fruit average weight and the stone- fruit weight relation were studied, fruit degustation evaluation was fulfilled and the main biochemical parameters such as soluble solids, sugars sum, ascorbic acid concentration and antioxidant activity were determined. The influence of the stock on the fruit biochemical composition, the trees productivity and the fruit weight was determined. The sweet cherries productivity was 12,5 kg/tree at average, and depending on the stock it varied from 8,3 kg/tree (V-5-88) to 18,6 kg/tree (Izmaylovskiy). The biggest fruit were found on the trees with stocks VSL-2, Izmaylovskiy and AVCH-2. At average the proportion of the stone in the fruit weight was 5.3% with the variation depending on the stock from 5.2% (Kolt) to 5.5% (V-5-88, Stepnoy rodnik). According to the degustation results the fruit of scion Chermashnaya were characterized by the sweet harmonized taste and smell (4.5 points), there were not found either taste deterioration or bitterness on any stock. The best results according to the degustation evaluation by the parameters complex were found at scion Chermashnaya combinations on stocks Izmaylovskiy, VSL-2 and Kolt. The soluble solids content also depended on the stock and varied from 13.9 (Chermashnaya on AVCH-2) to 17.2% (Chermashnaya on Izmaylovskiy) at average value 16.0%. The sugars content in the sweet cherry fruit was within the range from 9.0 to 12.4%. The sugars higher accumulation belonged to the combinations of Chermashmaya on Stepnoy rodnik (11.1%) and Chermashmaya on Izmaylovskiy (12.4%). The ascorbic acid content in the sweet cherry fruit did not exceed 8 mg.100 g-1. Depending on the stock this parameter varied from 5.9 to 9.3 mg.100 g-1. The highest vitamin C content was found in the fruit at the grafting on the stock Stepnoy rodnik, the lowest one - on the stock Moskoviya. The sweet cherry fruit antioxidant activity according to DPPH method was not high and was in the range from 11.8 to 13.8%.
Physical, thermal and functional properties of flour derived from Ubi Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta L.) tubers grown in Indonesia
Authors: Retnowati Diah Susetyo , Kumoro Andri Cahyo , Ratnawati Ratnawati
Published: July 2018

Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta L.) tuber is one of the important food sources in term of cultural, nutritional and economic perspectives for the people in the Africa, Caribbean islands, Asia, and Oceania regions. The tubers can be eaten after being boiled, roasted, fried or cooked. However, there is lack of information on the advanced utilizations of the tubers as raw material in the manufacture of modern foods. This study aims to characterize the physical, functional and thermal properties of Gembili flour, so that this information can be used as the basis in the development of novel foods. The microstructure, crystallinity, gelatinization temperature, swelling power and solubility of the flour were determined. The electron microscope observation revealed that Gembili flour consisted of smooth surface oval granules, which were light brown in color and having 23 µm average diameter. They are comprised of polygonals or some clusters of irregular fragments. Similar to most of tuber flours, Gembili flour also exhibited B-type crystallinity with approximately 31 ±3.7% crystallinity. The gelatinization temperature of Gembili flour was high and being comparable to that of cereal flour. The enthalpy of gelatinization of Gembili flour (9.52 ±0.80 J.g-1) was comparable to that of Dioscorea alata. Unfortunately, Gembili flour exhibited low swelling power (3.90 ±0.01 g.g-1). The Gembili flour granules were highly soluble in water (11.07 ±0.05%). Based on those reported properties, Gembili flour can be a suitable raw material for the manufacture of bakery, cookies, noodle and infant foods.
Modeling of urease thermal inactivation processes in soybean at high-temperature micronization
Authors: Zverev Sergey , Sesikashvili Otari
Published: July 2018

The use of soybean, in particular in forage production without preliminary heat treatment is not appropriate, and sometimes dangerous, because of the presence of antinutrients. As a marker in assessing safety of cakes and meals, there is often used urease in forage production.  This paper describes the results of thermal inactivation of urease in soybean during the process of high-temperature micronization (heating of grain in the flux of infrared radiation). There have been obtained the empirical dependencies of the degree of its inactivation on time of heat treatment and energy exposure (the product of irradiation by the time of treatment). The similar dependences of urease activity on grain temperature are invariant to infrared heating (irradiation and time) regimes, but their nature is affected by the initial moisture content. The paper proposes the models of inactivation of antinutrients based on of the first-order equations of chemical kinetics with the reaction rate constant in various forms (Arrhenius and Hinshelwood, the transition state theory). The models have been tested on literature data on the inactivation of a trypsin inhibitor at a constant temperature. The models are further refined taking into account the variable (increasing) temperature and are reduced to the simplest form: Y= k [Exp (-εR/T) - T0 еxp (-εR/T0)], where T, T0- are the current and initial temperatures of grain, k, εR - theempirical coefficients. The identification of the model coefficients was carried out based on the results of inactivation of urease during heating in the flux of infrared radiation. It has been established that the results of thermal inactivation of soybean do not depend on the IR processing regimes and are determined only by the initial moisture content of grain, and by the end heating temperature. The efficiency of inactivation is higher the higher is the used irradiation. There is a compensating effect - with the growth in one coefficient, another is also increased. The considered models can be used for the thermal degradation processes and other thermolabile substances.
Determination of the carrot (Daucus carota L.) yields parameters by vermicompost and earthworms (Eisenia foetida)
Authors: Kováčik Peter , Šalamún Peter , Smoleń Sylwester , Škarpa Petr , Šimanský Vladimí­r , Moravčí­k Ľuboš
Published: July 2018

The impact of different types of vermicomposts as well as different species and genera of earthworms on the quantity of the cultivated crops yield has been studied for decades. There is scarce information about the effects of these factors on the quality of plant production. One of the qualitative parameters of vegetables, to which a special attention is paid, is the content of antioxidants (vitamin C, total polyphenols and other substances). The pot experiment carried out in the vegetation cage studied: A) the influence of soil itself, soil mixed with vermicompost in a ratio of 4:1; B) the influence of earthworms number (genus Eisenia foetida, 10 and 20 individuals per pot) supplied to soil mixed with vermicompost in a ratio of 4:1 on the weight of radish roots and leaves, to the total chlorophylls content in leaves, to the selected qualitative parameters of the roots and leaves (vitamin C, total polyphenols content,  total antioxidant activity). The results showed that the supplementation of vermicompost into soil increased the content of the total chlorophylls in leaves. The carrot roots and leaves yield has also been risen. In the roots the content of vitamin C and content of total polyphenols (TPC) was decreased and the total antioxidant activity (TAA) dropped, too. The increased content of vitamin C and TPC was detected in leaves. The inoculation of soil containing vermicompost by earthworms increased the root yield and TAA in roots. It increased the content of vitamin C and TPC in leaves. From the viewpoint of antioxidant content (vitamin C and total polyphenols) the leaves are more attractive than a root.