bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research of methods for pumping technological equipment condition predictive monitoring
Authors: Bukhtoyarov V V , Tynchenko V S , Bashmur K A , Petrovskiy E A , Kukartsev V V , Bukhtoyarova N A
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the need to develop a diagnostic prognostic unit for certain types of technological equipment. Several well-known methods for predicting time series are considered: a method based on artificial neural couples, a method for analyzing a singular spectrum, an exponential smoothing method. A brief description of the methods under consideration is given. The parameters of the numerical study of the methods are described. The results of a numerical study are presented, the advantage of the neural network approach and the method of singular spectral analysis are shown.
The economy of a small innovative enterprise in the implementation of oil and wastewater treatment technologies
Authors: Gazieva I I , Biysultanova M A , Vizirova H R , Daudov I M
Published: December 2019

Each technological stage of technology is carried out on separate devices located indoors - a technological process of a closed hardware type. Such a process lends itself to automation, since each of the devices is technologically autonomous and can be replaced by another due to a malfunction or according to technological indications. In this way, high process stability and flexibility are achieved. All devices are of serial factory manufacturing, which ensures high quality, aesthetics and reasonable price parameters, as well as, if necessary, the ability to upgrade each unit individually. The hardware type of the technological process, being high-tech, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, creates the prerequisites for a significant reduction in sanitary protection zones (2–6 times) and areas allocated directly to sewage treatment plants (7–8 times). In addition, it becomes possible to flexibly change the capacity of WWTP (increase or decrease if necessary), as well as introduce purification stages necessary for specific conditions or remove unnecessary ones, without compromising the integrity of the technology and the efficiency of wastewater treatment.
Reliability forecasting model for power transformers that have fulfilled their standard service life
Authors: Lukovenko A S , Kukartsev V V , Tynchenko V S , Bashmur K A , Kukartseva O I , Bondarev A S
Published: December 2019

Today, the urgent tasks of the heat and power industry of the Russian Federation, as many other countries, are the problem of exceeding the service life of high-voltage electrical equipment of transformer and traction substations. This state of affairs leads to adverse consequences in the electric power system, which directly reduces the reliability of power supply to consumers, as well as to increase operating costs and technical losses of electric energy. Under the maximum load of transformers that have fulfilled the standard service life, constant monitoring is required to develop recommendations on the operation and operation modes of power transformers. The article considers the issue of calculating the reliability of power oil transformers. According to the collected statistical information, the most damaged parts of power transformers are identified. The main indicators that characterize the level and condition of the power transformer windings are shown. Using quantifiers of the distribution of the Chi-square, the upper and lower limits of the time between failure of the windings of power transformers for different periods of operation are determined, confidence limits with probability α = 0.9, 0.95, 0.99 are determined. According to the obtained data, the distribution of the Chi-square received a failure flow of the main element - the windings of power transformers with different periods of operation. There is a linear dependence of the decrease in reliability of the power transformers depending on the period of operation.
Correction factors application to Krasnoyarsk city real estate in the lack of information conditions
Authors: Panfilov I A , Alekseeva Y A , Panfilova T A , Karelin O I , Kustov D V
Published: December 2019

Assessment activity needs to be by unified methodology. In this paper, we have described several tools that can improve the validity of the assessment. The paired sales method was used. The research was conducted under lack of information. Data was selected for the research of real estate in Krasnoyarsk at the end of 2018 and beginning of 2019. In this study, real estate categories such as «Residential Real Estate», «Commercial Real Estate» and «Land» were used. The most significant properties of real estate objects were selected. The number of real estate objects in each database exceeds 2000 objects. The correction coefficient for the effect of the location was used for assessing real estate. This coefficient was introduced in order to adjust the value of real estate for 7 districts of Krasnoyarsk.
Analysis of the current situation and development trend of the international cargo UAVs market
Authors: Kovalev I V , Voroshilova A A , Karaseva M V
Published: December 2019

The article presents analysis of the current situation and development trends of the international UAVs cargo market. It is shown that the UAVs market has made a transition from a stage of studying technologies to commercial operation and implementation of finished products. Nowadays it is at the stage of rapid growth. However, a global market for cargo UAVs and commercial services on their basis for transporting bulky goods is still at the early stage of commercial development. At the same time, the trend for the development of cargo UAVs with the large carrying capacity corresponds to the analysis results of the global air cargo market.
Micro Alkaline Fuel Cell supported by MEMS-based Backbone
Authors: Pilaski M , Sun S-H , Dura G , Wartmann J , Letzkus F , Heinzel A
Published: December 2019

This work presents the application of nitride membranes produced with Si-MEMS-technology as a platform to build up new membrane-electrode assemblies (MEA) for alkaline fuel cells. Active alkaline fuel cell MEAs were combined by integrating hydroxide permeable electrolyte into micro-channels of 1 μm diameter in 5 to 10 μm thick MEMS-based membranes. A platinum catalyst was sprayed onto the surface and an electric conductive layer was applied on top. Taking advance of the small form factor these fuel cells can be applied in small devices with low energy demand.
Miniature Fuel cell with Monolithically Fabricated Si Electrode -First prototype with Au-Pd-Pt multilayer catalyst-
Authors: Kurose T. , Shirai R. , Vasiljevic N. , Hayase M.
Published: December 2019

Our first fuel cell prototype with a novel Au-Pd-Pt catalyst successfully demonstrated power generation. In order to reduce amount of platinum group metals and obtain high CO tolerance, electrochemical atomic layer depositions of Pd and Pt were applied on the porous Au. 5 ML Pd and sub-ML Pt deposition was attempted and amounts of Pd and Pt were electrochemically estimated to be 125 μg/cm2 and 6 μg/cm2, respectively. No catalyst poisoning to 100 ppm CO was observed during the power generation. Though the peak power was poor around 100 mW/cm2, results were satisfying for the first prototype.
Toward self-powered nonlinear wideband vibration energy harvesting with high-energy response stabilization
Authors: Ushiki S , Masuda A
Published: December 2019

This paper describes an effort to develop a nonlinear wideband vibration energy harvester with self-powered stabilization control of its high-energy response. In a Duffing-type nonlinear wideband energy harvester, a well-recognized difficulty of coexisting attractors arises so that the emergence of the response in the high-energy branch is not guaranteed because it depends on the initial conditions to which steady-state solutions the state is attracted. The response stabilization control technique introduces a negative resistance which returns the harvested power to the nonlinear resonator to destabilize the undesirable low-energy solution and make the high-energy solution globally stable. In this paper, the power balance of the response stabilization control under intermittent disturbances is first experimentally studied, and a charging circuit to self-power the negative impedance converter (NIC) in the control circuit is then developed. It is concluded that the energy consumed by the NIC can be retrieved by the energy harvesting in 100 seconds even in the worst case.
Dual-stage Electrode Design of Rotational Electret Energy Harvester for Efficient Self-powered SSHI
Authors: Liu Yiran , Badel Adrien , Suzuki Yuji
Published: December 2019

This paper presents a dual-stage electrode design for electret-based rotational energy harvester (EH) to improve efficiency of synchronized switch harvesting on inductor (SSHI) technique. With the aid of the present parallel SSHI circuit, output power of the rotational electret EH developed in our group becomes 4.2 times higher if compared with the conventional full-bridge rectifier.
Wide-band multiferroic quartz MEMS antennae
Authors: Kubena R L , Pang X , Lee K G , Yong Y K , Wall W S
Published: December 2019

We describe a pair of quartz MEMS resonators integrated into a single vacuum package for use as a wide-band RF receiver. The resonators are connected to integrated sustaining circuits for oscillator operation and are used within a phase lock loop in which one oscillator is used as the reference. The other resonator is coated with a magnetostrictive layer which induces a frequency shift proportional to an applied external magnetic field. This frequency shift is detected by the phase lock loop and its feedback signal to a voltage controlled oscillator circuit is used as the antenna output. Thus, the bandwidth of the antenna is determined by the bandwidth of the phase lock loop and not the Q of the resonator.
Stochastic Model of Human Arm Swing Toward Standard Testing for Rotational Energy Harvester
Authors: Tanaka Yuki , Miyoshi Tomoya , Suzuki Yuji
Published: December 2019

A stochastic model of arm swing is proposed for standard test of rotational energy harvester (EH). Based on the mean values and standard deviation of the frequency and amplitude of arm swing from walking experiment, the output power of rotational electret EH for 95 % coverage is estimated for different parameters of the frequency and amplitude. A multi-link robot is also introduced to mimic the arm swing motion precisely under various conditions. It is found that the output power for the maximum frequency and amplitude is 2.5 times higher than that for the mean values, and the present stochastic model gives 22% higher output power than that with mean values.
Hybridized thermal energy harvesting mechanism
Authors: Kang Miwon , Yeatman Eric M.
Published: December 2019

This work demonstrates a moving beam thermal energy harvesting mechanism for use adjacent to a heat source with modest temperature variation at low frequency (below 0.1 Hz). We investigate the coupling between the piezo- and pyro-electric effects to improve output power. The phase relationship between two effects was studied under different beam end conditions, i.e. fixed-free and fixed-fixed. A model to estimate the output is given and experimentally validated. Experimental result at 0.05 Hz shows that the output voltage in the fixed-fixed configuration is about 53% higher than the fixed-free configuration.
An Autonomous Interface Circuit Based on Self-Investing Synchronous Energy Extraction for Low Power Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters
Authors: Çiftci B , Chamanian S , Uluşan H , Külah H
Published: December 2019

This paper presents a self-powered interface circuit to rectify and manage the AC output of the piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEH) by utilizing Self-Investing Synchronous Electric Charge Extraction technique (SI-SECE). The system invests charges from the battery to PEH to improve the electromechanical coupling factor and consequently the energy extraction by utilizing only one external component. The circuit was implemented in 180 nm CMOS technology where high voltage (HV) MOS transistors are utilized to tolerate high open circuit output voltages of PEHs. MEMS PEH with 4.7 nF inherent capacitance has been used to charge a 1 μF storage capacitor. Proposed interface circuit extracts 18.55 μW that is 33 % more than traditional SECE (13.95 μW) for 250 Hz PEH excitation frequency and 2.3 V piezoelectric open circuit voltage amplitude. At the output power of 48.5 μW, maximum power conversion efficiency of 62.4% is achieved as charge investment and corresponding conduction and switching losses on investing transistors. SI-SECE delivers power with 4.5x relative performance improvement over on-chip full-bridge rectifier.
Energy Harvesting Piezoelectric Wind Speed Sensor
Authors: Shi Mayue , Yeatman Eric M. , Holmes Andrew S.
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we demonstrate a miniature wind speed sensor consisting of a triangle-shaped bluff body attached to the free end of a cantilever incorporating a commercial PVDF piezoelectric film. In the wind, the bluff body causes regular vibration of the cantilever based on galloping, and the piezoelectric film converts the vibration energy into electrical energy. The vibration frequency of this device has an approximately linear dependence on wind speed, and so can be used to detect wind speed directly with high accuracy. In wind tunnel tests, a wind speed sensor based on this principle could detect the wind speed from 4.45 to 10 m/s, and measured speed was typically within 2% of the value obtained using a Pitot tube.
Event Driven Time-logging System based on Continuous Operation of Real Time Clock towards Perpetual Electronics
Authors: Yamada S. , Toshiyoshi H.
Published: December 2019

This paper presents a novel time logging system using a real time clock (RTC) powered by a vibrational energy harvester to record the time of events when piezoelectric PVDF film as an event-driven sensor is activated. The power-management circuit normally remains in the sleep mode to cut power supply to the micro-processor and the ferroelectric random access memory. On the other hand, the RTC alone is powered by a battery to keep the time by seamless operation, which lowers the standby power consumption as small as 231 nW. As the PVDF film generates power, the developed power management circuit can supply load current upwards of 8 mA at 3.3 Vdc for external circuit to record the time of events with the energy consumption of 467 µJ.
A diatom inspired near infrared metamaterial absorber with hierarchical nanodisk arrays
Authors: Li A , Zhao X , Anderson S , Zhang X
Published: December 2019

Electromagnetic metamaterial absorbers represent an active research area in metamaterials, which use subwavelength resonators to achieve engineered electromagnetic absorption. To achieve near infrared (NIR) absorption, the requisite size of the resonator unit cells is in the nanometer range. Inspired by diatoms, a type of remarkably diverse, photosynthetic algae that live ubiquitously in aquatic systems, we analyzed the performance of a hierarchical nanodisk resonator array structure separated by silicon nitride (SiNx) from a ground plane as a NIR absorber. In both simulations and experimental results, the absorber demonstrated absorption characteristics in the NIR range. The proposed structures have the potential to be used in IR sensor and thermal emitter applications.
Anode based on alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme and Titanium dioxide nanotubes for photocatalytic microfluidic device.
Authors: Galindo-de-la-Rosa J. , Gonzalez-Solano G. , Díaz-Real J.A. , Ledesma-García J. , Arriaga L.G.
Published: December 2019

Alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme (ADH) has been used for the development of bioanodes for the ethanol oxidation reaction. In this work, the immobilization of this enzyme was carried out using titanium dioxide nanotubes for the development of photoelectrodes for an air-breathing microfluidic device. TiO2 nanotubes (TNT) have excellent properties such as pH resistance, superior mechanical strength, good biocompatibility making them great candidates for the process of immobilization of ADH. TNT were fabricated by electrochemical anodic oxidation on Ti foils. Then enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase was immobilized and the electrode was evaluated in the microfluidic fuel cell using an inorganic cathode based on commercial Pt / C, obtaining a good performance when was exposed under ultraviolet light.
Electrical modelling and characterization of a Thermo-Magnetically Activated Piezoelectric Generator (TMAPG)
Authors: Rendon-Hernandez Adrian A. , Ferrari Marco , Basrour Skandar , Ferrari Vittorio
Published: December 2019

This article deals with modeling and characterization of a thermo-magnetically activated piezoelectric generator, we provide breakthrough in addressing the modeling issue of such power generators by reporting equivalent electrical circuit and its characterization. The circuit is based on the standard Butterworth van Dyke model. It includes mechanical, dielectric, and piezoelectric losses by using complex elastic, dielectric and piezoelectric constants that are obtained through fitting measured admittance of piezoelectric transducer. The model is developed of lumped circuits elements and it is valid under both parallel and series wired bimorph connection. Experimental and simulation results show good agreement, within 10.2% (for maximum output voltage), on the generator behavior for both the rectifier circuits implemented.
High-rate etching of single oriented AlN films by chlorine-based inductive coupled plasma for vibrational energy harvesters
Authors: Nguyen H. H. , Van Minh L. , Kuwano H.
Published: December 2019

This paper presents our development of a high-rate etching process for fully (0002)-oriented AlN films by using a chlorine-based inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and Ni thin films as hard masks. The influences of etching characteristics (etching rate, selectivity) on various parameters (etching power, pressure and gases mixture) were systematically investigated. We achieved etching rate of 723 nm/min, the highest value that has been developed for single-oriented AlN. Etching selectivity was optimized and reached ~ 11, in this report. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements (XPS) offered a deep understanding of the etching processes and revealed the etching mechanism of AlN by chlorine for the first time.
Using Galistan to fabricate porous gold electrodes: toward non-enzymatic glucose fuel cells with enhanced performance for driving wearable/bioelectronic devices
Authors: Desmaële D , La Malfa F , Rizzi F , Qualtieri A , Di Lorenzo M , De Vittorio M
Published: December 2019

This paper presents a new facile route for the fabrication of enzyme-free porous gold electrodes (PGEs) which can directly convert the chemical energy of glucose into electricity. The method is low-cost and does not require any special equipment: porous gold is simply grown on carbon paper containing liquid metal particles. As a first proof-of-concept, we report on the fabrication of circular PGEs having a diameter of 12.5 mm. When immersed in a 10 mM glucose solution, such PGEs can produce up to 25 µW (maximum power density 10 µW·cm
−2
at 45 µA·cm
−2
). Because the process presented is versatile and scalable, we envision PGEs with long-term stability that could be stacked to meet the power budget of various wearable/bioelectronic devices.
NEMS Electrostatic RF Wakeup Switch with Pt FIB Contact
Authors: Ruyack A , Pancoast L , Shalabi N , Molnar A , Lal A
Published: December 2019

Recent pushes to reduce wireless sensor node power consumption have targeted sensors detecting the signal of interest, e.g. acoustic, acceleration, rotation, and use the energy in the signal to trigger switches. Regardless of the sensing modality however, all wireless sensors include some form of data communication radio, which in many cases is constantly consuming power. We take inspiration from a very low sub-threshold current and low switching-energy NEMS switch to implement a near zero-power laterally actuated NEMS electrostatic RF wake-up switch to reduce passive power draw by the RF electronics [1]. The switch is operated by holding a mechanical contact gap just outside of thermal fluctuations and an RF signal acts to physically close the switch. Focused ion beam is utilized to achieve sub-100 nm platinum contact gaps, allowing for below 3V operation and improved reliability. Preliminary results are presented from a custom vacuum probe station utilizing a switch position control loop for the contact-based switch operating off resonance.
Integration and Characterisation of Piezoelectric Macro-Fibre Composite on Carbon Fibre Composite for Vibration Energy Harvesting
Authors: Shi Y. , Piao C. , El Fadlaoui D. , Al-Saadi A. , Jia Y.
Published: December 2019

Carbon fibre composite is a strong and a lightweight structural material with applications in automotive, aerospace, medical and industrial applications. The integration of piezoelectric transducer films onto the composite stack can add vibration energy harvesting capabilities to enable net-zero-power autonomous sensing for an otherwise purely mechanical structure. A PZT macro-fibre composite is co-cured with a carbon/epoxy pre-preg in order to manufacture the multi-functional composite plate. Without noticeably increasing profile, adding weight or compromising mechanical integrity, the resultant mechanical plate can recover power from vibrational excitations. With a volume of 13.5 cm3, a peak average power of 9.25 mW was recorded at 2.66 ms
−2
. The normalised power density of 97 µW cm
−3
m
−2
s4 is comparable to some of the state-of-the-art PZT generators reported in the literature.
Reactive ion beam etching of piezoelectric ScAlN for bulk acoustic wave device applications
Authors: James R , Pilloux Y , Hegde H
Published: December 2019

Etching piezoelectric Scandium Aluminum Nitride (ScAlN) films containing a high concentration of Scandium with controllable feature profile angle and smooth surface is needed for next-generation Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) RF filter applications. This paper reports the facile etching of ScAlN with Scandium concentration of up to 15% using Reactive Ion Beam Etching (RIBE) with a very smooth surface of less than 5 nm average roughness and profile angle between 60 to 80 degrees. Recent studies show that doping AlN with a high concentration of Sc increases the piezoelectric response by five times and the bandwidth of RF filters also improved. However, etching ScAlN with a high concentration of Sc using traditional RIE and ICP based methods are extremely difficult and often results in low etch rate and rough surface. We have developed RIBE processes using a mixture of Reactive Gas and Ar with highly controllable profile angle from 60 to 80 degrees, improved etch rate (~ 36nm/min) and selectivity to photoresist mask (0.7:1), in comparison to conventional IBE. This work has positive implications in fabricating ScAlN based BAW RF filters for next-generation mobile and wireless applications.
Stability of Symmetrical Comb-Drive Actuator
Authors: Galisultanov A , Pillonnet G , Perrin Y , Hutin L , Basset P , Fanet H
Published: December 2019

This paper reports the study, design, and simulation of a symmetrical comb-drive actuator. The approach for definition of the potential energy of the system is proposed. The electrical parameters of the comb-drive actuator are defined in COMSOL Multiphysics® software. Depending on an actuation voltage and an initial design it can form system with one, two, and three stable states. We show that the equilibrium at x = 0 is more stable for the comb-drive actuator with positive overlap than for device with the gap of the same value. The proposed approach will be used for design of the symmetrical actuator, which forms the output of the recently proposed contactless four-terminal MEMS element for capacitive adiabatic logic based on silicon MEMS technology.
A Resonance-Maintaining Circuit for High-Efficiency Electret-based MEMS Vibrational Energy Harvesters
Authors: Mitsuya H. , Ashizawa H. , Morita M. , Homma H. , Hashiguchi G. , Toshiyoshi H.
Published: December 2019

We have developed a high-efficiency MEMS vibrational energy harvester with a resonance-maintaining circuit. Of particular note, the circuit is capable of both (1) rectifying the output to compensate for the electret bias voltage in the harvester and (2) avoiding electromechanical feedback by maintaining a relatively stable apparent load and resonance state. These improvements to the control circuitry allow the energy harvester to achieve useable energy outputs of over 500µW with highly efficient energy conversion ratios (79%).
Microfluidic biofuel cell based on cholesterol oxidase/laccase enzymes.
Authors: Galindo-de-la-Rosa J. , Ortiz-Ortega E. , López-González B. , Arriaga L.G. , Ledesma-García J.
Published: December 2019

In this research two electrodes were developed, a bioanode where the enzyme oxidase was immobilized on Sigracet GDL 39 by means of the covalent binding method and a biocathode with laccase enzyme immobilized on Toray carbon paper by the adsorption method. The evaluation of these electrodes was carried out in a microfluidic fuel cell using cholesterol as fuel and oxygen as oxidant. The electrical conductivity of the electrodes was measured by the kelvin method. Microfluidic fuel cell (mFFC) was constructed using Poly-(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) for the fuel and oxidant channels; the cathode electrode was incorporated as a wall to obtain the major O2 quantity for the reduction reaction. The evaluation of the microfluidic cell was carried out using different solutions of cholesterol all in phosphate buffer solutions at pH 7.5, where it was possible to obtain 1.38 mW/cm2 of maximum power density and 0.75V of open circuit potential using 500mg/dL of cholesterol.
Milliwatt Power Supply by Dynamic Thermoelectric Harvesting
Authors: Kiziroglou M E , Wright S W , Shi M , Boyle D E , Becker Th , Evans J W , Yeatman E M
Published: December 2019

In this work we demonstrate a power supply that collects thermal energy from temperature fluctuations in time, to provide regulated power in the milliwatt range. It is based on the dynamic thermoelectric energy harvesting concept, in which a phase change material is used to store heat and create spatial heat flow from temperature transients. A simple, cost-effective and reproducible fabrication method is employed, based on 3D printing and off-the-shelf components. The harvester is integrated with a commercial power management module and supercapacitor storage. Output energy up to 2 J is demonstrated from temperature cycles corresponding to avionic applications. The demonstration includes harvesting while powering a 10 kΩ analogue voltmeter directly from the supercapacitor, including during cold-starting.
Development of a flexible poly(ether ether ketone) supercapacitor as electrolyte and separator.
Authors: López –Mayo R , Rico A , Arriaga L G , Gurrola M P , Ledesma-García J
Published: December 2019

The urgent demand for portable electronics has promoted the development of high-efficient energy sources. A typical portable device requires a low power input that can be supplied by a supercapacitor (SC), which are high-power energy-storage devices enabled by reversible ion adsorption at electrolyte/electrode interface with superior properties such as long cycling life and high-power. However, current SCs using aqueous electrolytes possess the safety hazard of liquid leakage meanwhile solid polymer electrolytes can address this issue, and offers advantages such as simple assembly, low cost and flexible packages, and possible high-voltage operation. In this paper we report a flexible SPEEK supercapacitor used simultaneously as solid-state electrolyte, and ion-conducting surfactant.
Demonstration of an electret generator using self-assembled electret for energy harvesting without any charging process
Authors: Matsuura N , Ishii H , Tanaka Y
Published: December 2019

Electret generators (EGs) for energy harvesting is a device which ambient vibrations convert into electric energy. They are expected as power supplies for low energy applications such as wireless sensors. In EGs, charges are induced by an electric field of electret, and thus output power is determined by a surface charge density (σ) of the electret. Various charging processes were proposed so far to realize the electret with high σ, however, they were one of problems decreasing productivity. The elimination of the processes is extremely desired. In this study, we developed charged film composed of 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) benzene (TPBi) without any charging process. A surface potential (SP) exceeded 46 V for ca. 740 nm thick film due to spontaneous orientation of TPBi, and was sufficiently stable under room light illumination in atmosphere. Finally, we demonstrated EGs utilizing TPBi as electret generated an AC current of the order of nano-ampere in environmental condition, indicating the feasibility of EGs using TPBi film in practical atmosphere. The series of results strongly suggested that application of spontaneous orientation of polar molecules was promising for the realization of EGs with high productivity.
Textile based ferroelectret for wearable energy harvesting
Authors: Shi J , Beeby S P
Published: December 2019

Ferroelectrets are typically thin polymer foams that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. This paper reports the fabrication and testing of a textile based ferroelectret made from two fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) films and a conventional textile (cotton, poly-cotton and silk) formed into a sandwich structure. These layers are laminated together and achieve a maximum measured stabilized piezoelectric coefficient d33
of 987 pC/N for the FEP-silk ferroelectret, which is 85% of its initial piezoelectric coefficients d33
after polarization.
A 120°C 20G-compliant vibration energy harvester for aeronautic environments
Authors: Gasnier P , Boucaud M , Gallardo M , Willemin J , Boisseau S , Morel A , Gibus D , Moreau M
Published: December 2019

This paper reports the design, fabrication and testing of a piezoelectric energy harvester operating at 90°C and withstanding 120°C and 20G of acceleration. This harvester, along with its dedicated power management circuit, has been designed to supply a 3-channel Acceleration Measurement System (AMS) for the structural health monitoring of an aircraft engine. This aeronautic-compliant bimorph harvester outputs 6.83mW at 1G, up to 246mW at 8G of acceleration and exhibits a maximum Normalized Power Density of 15.3kg.s.m−3 at 90°C.
Polymer-Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Low-Frequency Vibration Using Frequency Up-Conversion Driven by Collision with a Flexible Beam
Authors: Tsukamoto T , Umino Y , Hashikura K , Shiomi S , Yamada K , Suzuki T
Published: December 2019

This paper reports a polymer-based piezoelectric vibration energy harvester using mechanical frequency up-conversion driven by collision with a flexible beam, targeting for low-frequency vibration (under 10 Hz). By driving the flexible beam with low-frequency, the beam periodically hits against the underlying impact-driven piezoelectric component and excites the free oscillation, i.e. frequency up-conversion. We verified the validity of the proposed method by FEM analysis and the proposed vibration energy harvester showed 32 μW at 9 Hz of excitation frequency.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Micro Catalytic Reactor for Autothermal Reforming Using Methanol and Hydrogen Peroxide with Built-in Chrome Silicide Thermocouple
Authors: Jung Eun Sang
Published: December 2019

This paper reports new concept of hydrogen generation method using hydrogen peroxide. In this research, development, performance evaluation and numerical simulation of the micro hydrogen generator by autothermal reforming process are carried out. To prove the micro reaction mechanism, chrome silicide thermocouple is built in the micro catalytic reactor by in-situ system.
Usefulness and Performance Comparison of Complex Enzyme-type Biofuel Cell Using Electrode Modified with Two DET-type Enzymes by Covalent Bonding
Authors: Fujita H. , Nishioka Y. , Imai S.
Published: December 2019

The demand for enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) as power sources or auxiliary power sources for small devices is expected to increase in the near future. EBFCs have advanced properties and do not require a separator, depending on the substrate specificity of the enzyme. Two direct electron transfer (DET)-type enzymes were used to modify anodes (length 5 mm, width 4 mm) by a chemical modification method using a condensation agent. The DET-type enzymes used in this study were pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) with glucose as a reaction substrate and fructose dehydrogenase (FDH) using fructose as a reaction substrate. Carboxyl groups were attached to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) that act as catalyst carriers, activated to other functional groups, and reacted with the amino groups of the enzyme by the condensation agent to form covalent bonds. As a result, the upper limit of the concentration, considered to be the reaction limit, was raised as compared with that of EBFC modified with only one kind of enzyme for each electrode prepared by the same process. The output voltage was 0.155 V, and the maximum power density was 80.08 μW/cm2. Also the deterioration characteristics were confirmed with the passage of time for EBFC-Z; the maximum power density was almost unchanged for three months, and output reduction due to the passage of time was not observed.
Biomimetic and mesoporous nano-hydroxyapatite for bone tissue application: a short review
Authors: Molino Giulia , Palmieri Maria Chiara , Montalbano Giorgia , Fiorilli Sonia , Vitale-Brovarone Chiara
Published: December 2019

In the last decades, many research groups have experimented the synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA) for bone tissue application obtaining products with different shapes and dimensions. This review aims to summarise and critically analyse the most used methods to prepare physiologic-like nano-HA, in the form of plates or rods, similar to the HA present in the human bones. Moreover, mesoporous HA has gained increasing interest in the biomedical field due its pecualiar structural features, such as high surface area and accessible mesoporous volume, which is known to confer enhanced biological behaviour and the possibility to act as nanocarriers of functional agents for bone-related therapies. For this reason, more recent studies related to the synthesis of mesoporous HA, with physiological-like morphology, are also considered in this review. Since a wide class of surfactant molecules plays an essential role both in the shape and size control of HA crystals and in the formation of mesoporosity, a section devoted to the mechanisms of action of several surfactants is also provided.
Paddy rice farming diversification with Trigona sp. in Pandeglang regency, Banten province (case study: diversification income analysis of paddy rice business with bee cultivation)
Authors: Elpawati  , Hudaya U M D A , Habibie F M
Published: December 2019

The study is aimed to determine the total income and contribution income of Trigona sp. cultivation by paddy rice farmers in Pandeglang District, Banten Province. The study location was purposively selected sub-districts at Pandeglang, Majasari, and Menes. Seven farmers who had at least 30 units of honeycomb colony and managed maximum 0,3 hectare (ha) of paddy field was used as a respondent. Data were collected using questionnaire to obtain the information and analyzed using Microsoft Excel for data analysis. The results showed that bee cultivation diversification with paddy rice business has potentially make a good income. The contribution income of bee cultivation and paddy rice business in 1 year have a rate 59.46% or Rp. 13,291,857,00 and 40.54% or Rp. 8,872,257.00, respectively with rate total income Rp. 22,164,114.00. The highest paddy rice and bee cultivation income were 10,296,000.00 and 18,568,000.00, respectively obtained by same farmer.
Effect of organic matter of chicken manure with bioactivator application of microbial rhizosphere inoculant to growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merill)
Authors: Caskiwan  , Eris F R , Nurmayulis  , Denny Y R
Published: December 2019

This research was aimed to know effect of organic matter of chicken manure with bioactivator application of microbial rhizosphere inoculant to growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril). The research was conducted from February 2017 to Mei 2017, located at Panimbang District, Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province, Indonesia. This study used a randomized completely block design one factor that is giving of chicken manure matter with IMR bioactivator application consists of six levels. Thus, there are six treatments and each treatment was replicated four times as a group, so there are 24 experimental units. The results showed that the application of organic waste of chicken manure along with bioactivator application gave a significant effect on the number of leaves of soybean plant age of 5 week after planted and no significant effect on soybean plant height aged 5 and 6 week after planted, leaf number 6 week after planted, number of root nodule, number of pods of contents, number of empty pods, dry weight of seeds per plant, weight of 100 seeds, seed weight per plot and seed yield per hectare.
The effect of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate concentration on the quality of effervescent of red ginger extract
Authors: Giyatmi  , Lingga D K
Published: December 2019

The effervescent product of red ginger extract was made from a mixture of red ginger extract, citric acid, sodium bicarbonate, dextrose, mannitol, sucralose and polyethylene glycol. This study used a single factor randomized complete design method with the ratio of different concentrations of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate (50:50, 51:49, 52:48, 53:47, 55:45) in three replication. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to see the effect of each treatment, if there was an effect of each treatment then continued with DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) to see which levels produced differences in quality. The results showed that the addition of different concentrations of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate had significant effect (sig <α=0.01) on the value of soluble and effervescent pH of red ginger extract and significantly affected the level of color preference, taste and effervescent solubility of red ginger extract. The best effervescent product of red ginger extract was selected based on the hedonic test with the ratio of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate 52:48 with the following quality test results: 0.00% ethanol residue; levels of active red ginger 0.65%; and the level of effervescent red ginger extract 0.52%.
Study of chemical components of liquid smoke from cocoa rind in two variations of moisture content by using GC-MS method
Authors: Budaraga I K , Aga Salihat R
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical components contained in cocoa smoke liquid smoke at two different moisture contents by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The sample was cocoa rind with a moisture content of 10% and 25% that were hydrolyzed at 200°C. The results showed that the dominant chemical components in liquid smoke at 10% moisture content were: hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), butyrolactone, 2,6-dimethoxy-phenol; 5-methyl-5-hexen-3-in-2-ol and 2-methoxyphenol. While the liquid smoke at 25% moisture content contained: hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), octadecanoic acid, 2,6- dimethoxy-phenol, (9z)-octadec-9-enoic acid and 2-methoxy phenol. The abundance of beneficial chemical components contained, making the liquid smoke of cocoa rind has a high economic value. However, the phenol compound contained, resulting in the liquid smoke of the cocoa rind requires a further refining process.
Impact of forest fire in peat land on land properties in Pelalawan district region
Authors: Ibrahim  , Harlen  , Sukendi  , Siregar Y I
Published: December 2019

The physical, chemical, and biological properties of peat soil in several levels of fire in Kampar regency. The research was conducted from March to April 2017 in Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province, and Soil Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau. The research was conducted by a survey in the field, determining the sample point using Purposive Sampling Method. The samples were taken from 3 locations ie. the land with heavy, medium and light fire level and control (non-burning/natural forest) 12 units of the experiment. Soil samples were analyzed by the physical and chemical characteristics soil. The results of the physical and chemical characteristics of soil undergoing changes and categorized as broken.
The local farming system based on custom and tradition to achieve sustainable agriculture in Baduy indigenous community
Authors: Mirajiani  , Sulaeni  , Sutisna T
Published: December 2019

The Baduy Indigenous Community are in the Lebak Regency of Banten Province. The Baduy depends entirely on the agricultural sector, where the availability of agricultural land becomes very important. Baduy people have their customs related to the existence of agricultural land and have customary rights to the area and agricultural land. To ensure sustainable agriculture, the regulation of the local agricultural system, especially land use and management of the agricultural system is essential. This research explores how customs and traditions contribute to the achievement of sustainable agriculture in the indigenous Baduy community. The study used the qualitative methodology approach with research techniques observation, expert depth interview, people depth interview, literature study, and focus group discussion (FGD). The results of the study show that customs and traditions regulate local agricultural activities, both land tenure, and land-use arrangements and local agricultural activities. The existence of customary arrangements becomes the basic system of local Baduy farming that has an economic, social, and environmental perspective that is the basis for achieving sustainable agriculture in Baduy.
Effect of extraction methods on the nutritional characteristics of milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) bone powder
Authors: Wulandari P , Kusumasari S
Published: December 2019

Milkfish (Chanos chanos forskal) bone is one of underutilized part of milkfish and considered as a waste from “satay bandeng” home industry in Banten. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of different extraction methods on the nutritional characteristics of milkfish bone powder. Milkfish bone powder was prepared using two different extraction methods (alkaline and acid). Milkfish filleting waste was boiled with water for 30 min, removed the remaining flesh from the frames, the frames were boiled with water for 2 hours, autoclaved, boiled in water (MBPW), sodium hydroxide solution 1 N (MBPAl) and hydrocloric acid solution 1 N (MBPAc) for 30 min at 80-90 °C, rinsed with water, dried at 50°C in oven drying for 24 hours, and ground. The observed parameters were % yield, moisture-, protein-, fat-, carbohydrate-, and ash- content. Milkfish bone powder was contained 27.88% protein, 7.85% lipid 51.42% ash, and carbohydrate 7.36%. The milkfish bone power extracted by acidic and alkaline method treatment (MBAc and MBAl, respectively) showed statistical significant difference in yield, protein-, fat-, carbohydrate-, and ash- content. The alkaline and acid- extraction methods showed higher ash content than water extraction method so these method could be used to extract the mineral content from milkfish bone.
The Role Of Organic Fertilizer And Plant Material In The Growth Of Pepper Seeds for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Rusiva R , Suherman
Published: December 2019

Pepper (Piper ningrum L.) is one of Indonesia’s most important spice commodities with high economic value. Pepper plants are propagated by vegetative methods using cuttings. Factors The origin of planting material and the application organic fertilizer can support the development of technology to provide good pepper propagation material. This study used Completely Randomized Group Design with two factors: the origin of planting material and organic fertilizers. The origin of planting materials was 2nd (S2), 3rd (S3), 4th (S4) and 5th (S5) node cuttings, while organic fertilizer used were fulvic acid (P1) and biological fertilizer. The results showed that organic fertilizers did not affect all observed parameters, while the origin of plant material affected the percentage of life cuttings, seed height, number of leaves, number of internodes and nodes, and number of branching plants. The origin of plant material that had the best results was the 3rd node cuttings (S3), while the best interaction of fertilizers and cuttings showed by combination of fulvic acid and 3rd node cuttings (P1S3). Further research was needed on the dose and frequency application of organic fertilizer.
The effect of seaweed fertilizer and compost combination on the growth of lettuce head
Authors: Kusumawati R , Munifah I , Basmal J
Published: December 2019

Research on the effect of organic fertilizer combination, seaweed fertilizer and compost, on the growth of head lettuce plants has been conducted. The treatment in the study was head lettuce fertilizing with compost and seaweed fertilizer in ratio 2:0, 1:1, and 0:2. Land used for head lettuce without fertilizing treatment as control. The study was intended to get the best combination of organic fertilizer for head lettuce growth. The results showed that the best fertilizer formula was obtained from a combination of compost and seaweed fertilizer in ratio 2:0. Growth indicator as a result are average of leaf length of 26.64 cm, leaf width of 25.48 cm, 40 number of leaves, weight 311.75 g, and moisture content of 93.51%.Compost can stabilized acidity of planting land but the present of seaweed fertilizer can stabilized humidity of planting land and does not indicate the presence of fungi and parasites.
A strategy of assistance (guidance) for farmers to manage Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) improvement technology in South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Bahar S , Rachman R , Corfield J , Pengelly B
Published: December 2019

The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) to finance research projects in Eastern Indonesia, especially in South Sulawesi through the project number. SMAR/2006/061 that have been conducted for the renewal of Bali cattle management technology. Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) are a vital component of Indonesia’s crop-livestock farming systems. This paper describes the method of participatory approaches to management of Bali cattle through the renewal component approach to production technology, namely: 1) Better use of existing forage/feed sources, 2) Introduction and use of new forage, 3) Seasonal mating at the best time, 4) Early weaning and preferential feeding, 5) The calculation and the feed planning. Points 1 and 2 are important because often the main obstacles experienced by farmers. All of these components must interact with each other. Field tests conducted in farmers’ land by 60 people scattered guided farmers in 12 villages in 3 districts in South Sulawesi is the regency of Bone, Barru and Gowa. Specific case studies carried out case by case basis experienced farmers in these three districts. The impact is being tested now and for the propagation in the system of plants and livestock farms in South Sulawesi.