bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Refining the Choosing Health Infant feeding for Infant Health intervention and implementation strategy: Re-CHErIsH Study Protocol
Authors: Looney Eibhlín , Duffy Moira , Ahern Galvin Helen , Byrne Molly , Golley Rebecca , Hayes Catherine , Heffernan Tony , Jennings Aisling , Johnson Brittany , Kearney Patricia  M , Kelly Colette , Leahy-Warren Patricia , McBride Marian , McHugh Sheena , O’Neill Kate , Redsell Sarah , Seidler Anna Lene , Toomey Elaine , Matvienko-Sikar Karen
Published: September 2024

Background Childhood obesity is a significant global public health challenge, with significant adverse effects on both mental and physical health outcomes. During the period from birth to one-year, modifiable caregiver behaviours, such as what, how and when infants are fed, can influence obesity development and prevention. The Choosing Healthy Eating for Infant Health (CHErIsH) intervention was developed to support healthy infant feeding practices to prevent childhood obesity in the first year. A feasibility study examined acceptability and feasibility of the CHErIsH intervention in primary care and identified key challenges and possible areas for refinement of the intervention and trial processes. The current project aims to refine delivery of the CHErIsH intervention and trial processes to maximise the likelihood of successful future implementation and evaluation. Methods This study will utilise a mixed-methods approach and will be conducted in three phases. In Phase 1 potential refinements to the CHErIsH intervention delivery and trial processes will be developed from a review of the feasibility study findings and input from the multidisciplinary team. An online mixed-methods survey will be conducted in Phase 2 to evaluate caregiver attitudes about the proposed refinements from Phase 1. Participants will be pregnant women, their partners, and/or parents/primary caregivers of infants up to 2-years of age, based in Ireland. Participants will be recruited using convenience and snowball sampling. In Phase 3 a stakeholder consensus meeting, using the nominal group technique, will be conducted to agree the refined intervention and trial processes. Stakeholders will include healthcare professionals, researchers, policymakers, and parents/caregivers, who will discuss and rate refinements in terms of preference. Conclusions Findings from this study will address uncertainties in the intervention delivery and trial processes of the CHErIsH intervention, with the potential to maximise the likelihood of successful future implementation and evaluation of a primary-care based obesity prevention intervention.
Acceptability trial of local Indonesian snack (SISTIK) enriched with chicken liver and eggshell powder as a potential food to increase micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age
Authors: Zuhairini Yenni , Suryanto Aghnia Husnayiani , Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah , Anshari Mohammad Brachim , Rizqi Haidar , Fathonah Annisha , Purnamasari Afini Dwi , Pangasih Afiyah Hadiyanti , Jihadillah Ayunda , Puspita Dina Novtyana , Luftimas Dimas Erlangga , Rahmannia Sofa , Fahmida Umi , Gibson Rosalind , Diana Aly
Published: September 2024

Background Addressing stunting is a key global nutrition goal for 2025, with Indonesia among the top five countries grappling with high stunting rates in children. Chronic micronutrient deficiencies in women and young children in Indonesia have been associated with poor foetal and infant growth. To tackle this issue, we developed micronutrient-enriched crackers (MEC) incorporating nutrient-rich chicken liver and powdered eggshells. These crackers, known locally as 'sistik,' may provide a sustainable solution to boost micronutrient intakes. Our study among Indonesian women aimed to gauge their acceptability of MEC, which have the potential to enhance maternal micronutrient status and thus combat stunting during early childhood. Methods We conducted a two-phase acceptability trial involving 81 women aged 19-35 years in Ujung Berung Sub-district, Bandung City, Indonesia. Each phase was a single-blinded trial; only the researcher was aware of product assignment. The first phase entailed a test feeding session in a local community house which participants sampled both MEC and standard wheat crackers (SWC) on one day. Participants assessed each product using a 7-point cued facial response scale, evaluating colour, smell, flavour, and texture. In the second phase, all participants received a 14-day supply (75 g/day) of either MEC (n=41) or SWC (n=40) to consume at home under real-life conditions. Adherence was determined by weighing unconsumed products. Results The test MEC food received favourable ratings from participants on a 7-point scale, with no significant differences in liking scores between MEC and SWC regarding colour, smell, flavour, and texture. Mean (SD) daily adherence was 51 (21) g/d, with no significant difference between groups. Conclusions This study provides valuable insights for stakeholders and policymakers regarding the potential options for MEC as a food or as daily snacks to increase the intakes and status of micronutrients among adult women. Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04564222, 25th September 2020).
The genome sequence of the cephid sawfly, Cephus spinipes (Panzer, 1800)
Authors: Broad Gavin R. , Sivess Laura , Holt Stephanie , Fletcher Chris , Januszczak Inez ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: September 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male cephid sawfly, Cephus spinipes (Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Cephidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 238.60 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 10 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 21.43 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of the Solomon’s-seal sawfly, Phymatocera aterrima (Klug, 1816)
Authors: Crowley Liam M. , Mitchell Caroline Eve ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: September 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Phymatocera aterrima larva (the Solomon's-seal sawfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Tenthredinidae). The genome sequence spans 280.20 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 15 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 20.3 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 10,945 protein-coding genes.
A formal model of primitive aspects of cognition and learning in cell biology as a generalizable case study of the threefold logic of Peircean semiotics in natural systems
Authors: Rogers Timothy
Published: September 2024

A formal model of the physical processes of digestion in a hypothetical cell is developed and discussed as a case study of how the threefold logic of Peircean semiotics works within Rosen’s paradigm of relational ontology. The formal model is used to demonstrate several fundamental differences between a relational description of biological processes and a mechanistic description. The formal model produces a logic of embodied generalization that is mediated and determined by the cell through its interactions with the environment. Specifically, the synchronization of the functions of pattern recognition and semantic attribution results in an open and adaptive learning system that is stabilized by a hermeneutic circle. The relational principles of biosemiotics demonstrated through this case study are applicable to other biological systems, as well as to the relational ontology of systems theory and relativistic quantum theory.
Utopian semiospheres: Isolation and dialogue across borders
Authors: Blaim Artur , Gruszewska-Blaim Ludmiła
Published: September 2024

The paper applies Juri Lotman’s theory of the semiosphere to utopian studies with the aim of identifying the principal components and mode of functioning of classic utopian discourse. Without questioning the ultimate result of any interaction within a utopian dialogic situation, which necessarily demonstrates the superiority of the ideal world (no-place/ou-topos) over the external world of imperfection (e.g. Europe or America), it is argued that the encounter between the utopian and non-utopian semiospheres offers an interesting starting point for a discussion of intercultural translation and dialogicity involving two different mechanisms of sign production. Contrary to its ‘real-world’ counterpart, where the sign production is governed by asymmetry, binarism, replacement, and diversification, the utopian semiosphere relies on the truthfulness of signs, all-encompassing semioticity, unifying enhancement, and homogeneity. The hyperbolization of the opposition between the ideal state and the external world is metonymically reflected in the construction of the utopian state itself, with its centre and periphery radically polarized and separated by the impassable internal boundary. Although typical representations of the external utopian boundary foreground its distinctly separative function, multiple acts of the intercultural exchange between representatives of the two semiospheres expose the boundary’s translatory function.
Positive solution of quasilinear elliptic equations in $\mathbb{R}^N$ with a bounded quasilinearity
Authors: Wu Maomao , Liu Haidong
Published: September 2024

Consider the quasilinear elliptic equation
$$
-\text{div}(\mathcal{A}(u)\nabla u)
+\frac{1}{2}\mathcal{A}'(u)|\nabla u|^2+V(x)u
=(I_{\alpha}\ast |u|^p) |u|^{p-2}u\quad \text{in } \R^N,
$$%
where $\mathcal{A}\in C^1(\R,\R)$ is a positive bounded function, $V$
is a given potential and $I_\alpha$ denotes the Riesz potential with
$0< \alpha< N$. While most existing works in the literature are concerned
with the case where $\mathcal{A}$ is unbounded, little is known about
the case where $\mathcal{A}$ is bounded. Under some general conditions
on $\mathcal{A}$ and $V$, we establish the existence of a positive
solution for the above equation by variational approach.
Learning the Minimal Representation of a Continuous State-Space Markov Decision Process from Transition Data
Authors: Bennouna Amine , Pachamanova Dessislava , Perakis Georgia , Skali Lami Omar
Published: September 2024

This paper proposes a framework for learning the most concise Markov decision process (MDP) model of a continuous state-space dynamic system from observed transition data. This setting is encountered in numerous important applications, such as patient treatment, online advertising, recommender systems, and estimation of treatment effects in econometrics. Most existing methods in offline reinforcement learning construct functional approximations of the value or the transition and reward functions, requiring complex and often not interpretable function approximators. Our approach instead relies on partitioning the system’s observation space into regions constituting states of a finite MDP representing the system. We discuss the theoretically minimal MDP representation that preserves the values and, therefore, the optimal policy of the dynamic system—in a sense, the optimal discretization. We formally define the problem of learning such a concise representation from transition data without exploration. Learning such a representation allows for enhanced tractability and, importantly, provides interpretability. To solve this problem, we introduce an in-sample property on partitions of the observation space we name coherence, and we show that if the class of possible partitions is of finite Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension, any coherent partition with the transition data converges to the minimal representation of the system with provable finite-sample probably approximately correct convergence guarantees. This insight motivates our minimal representation learning algorithm that constructs from transition data an MDP representation that approximates the minimal representation of the system. We illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework through numerical experiments in both deterministic and stochastic environments as well as with real data.

This paper was accepted by Chung Piaw Teo, optimization.

Funding: The authors are very grateful to the Health Systems Initiative at MIT Sloan for financial support for this project.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01652 .
The Color of Hedge Fund Activism
Authors: Chu Yongqiang , Huang Bo , Zhang Chengsi
Published: September 2024

The racial disparity in mortgage approval rates decreases by four percentage points as a result of hedge fund activism targeting banks. Target banks experience a higher turnover of mortgage officers and open new bank branches in areas with greater racial disparities in mortgage approval rates. We show that the results are driven by hedge fund activists’ efforts to increase profitability and comply with the community reinvestment act. Our results suggest that hedge funds’ incentives to maximize shareholder value do not necessarily lead to a negative impact on other stakeholders.

This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance.

Funding: This work is financially supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC Grant Number 72233003] and the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC Grant Number 72372517].

Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03452 .
Experiences of the Families of the Mentally ill Participating in the Emotional & Informational Support Program
Authors: Jung Min
Published: September 2024

The main purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of the families of the mentally ill participating in the Emotional 公 Informational Sup port Program (EISP). This study was guided by the ethnographic research method.The research of this study was done in four phases ; to plan the EISP, to invite the subjects, to operate the EISP, and to collect and analyse the data.Of the 17 family members who had consented to participate in the study seven did not participate.Ten members were included n this study. Seven nonj^articipating family members were excluded.The EISP was operated from January to March, 1998. Data was collected through in-depth inter view and participant observat ion.丁he result of this study is as follows :The experiences of par tic ipating process in the EISP were divided into 2 cloinains ; theme stones taken from the dialogue, and learning through inter act ion. Theme stories came our. as 5 categories : (1) parenfs responsibility ; if only one can be restored to health., (2) seeking treatment ; to try their bes:to treat, (3) retrospecting : catharsis, self under standing, and reflection, (4) health problems of the families : be distressed, and，5) ask for doctor : a detailed explanation with kindness. Learning through interaction also came out as 5 categor les :(1) to overcome the social stigma, (2) to live in a fair manner, (3) to prepare for relapse of the illness, (4) to learn the coping skill, and (5) to pursuit effec tive treatment.The responses for the EISP of the subjects were divided into 3 categories : be of help, thankfulness, and regret.The findings of the study will be useful in developing an EISP and the families of the mentally ill will be helped through the EISP.
Effect of a Cognitive - Behavior al Group Therapy on The Depression, Self-Esteem of College Women
Authors: Oh In-Ohg
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to identity the effect of a cognitive behavioral group therapy on the de pression and self-esteem of college women. This study employed a one group pre-post test study de sign. The data were collected from 10 subjects from October 8 to December 17th, 1998 in a Y. University in seoul, Korea.The cognitive behavioral group therapy used in this study was developed based upon the cognitive behavioral therapy of Beck(1978). The subjects were participated in the therapy 9() minutes or 2 hours a session for 8 session. The session was opened once or twice a week.Beck Depression Inventory of Beckf 1978) and Self-Es teem Inventory of Coopersmith(1968) were the instruments to collect the data. Data analysis was done using SPSS Windows and Wilcoxon sign rank test used to find the differences between pre-test and post-test.There were 10 subjects in thise group. This group has 3 freshmans, 1 sophomore, 3 juniors and 3 seniors and average age of subjects was 21.1.This study indicated that the depression was sig nificantly decreased and the self-esteen was signifi -cantly incresed after the therapy indicating t he positive effect of the therapy.As a conclusion, this cognitive behavioral group therapy was effective in improving the depression and self-esteem of college women.
Development of Instrument for Measuring Personality Factor Related to Juvenile Delinquency
Authors: Kim Hun Soo , Kim Hyun Sil
Published: September 2024

Objective : At the present time in Korea, for a con siderable proportion of children and adolescent, de linquent behavior and violence has become as a way of life in their lives and a major social problem issue as well. The one of the contributing factors to this problem was assumed to be the personality characteristics. Therefore, this study was done to develop an instrument for measuring personality factor related to juvenile delinquency.Methods: This study was methodological re search for developing a personality factor scale re lated to juvenile delinquency. Through the relevant literature review and individual interview using o^n~ended question with adolescents in school, out-patient, basis and juvenile corrective insti tution, the authors developed questionnaire with 45 items for measuring personalty characteristics.For assessing this questionnaire, statistical methods employed were reliability(test-restest re liability), internal consistency, items analysis, con tent validity, factor analysis for construct validity and t —test for mean difference between students and delinquent adolescents, using SAS program.Subjects served for this study consisted of 2,177 adolescents including 1,206 students and 971 delin quent adolescents by proportional stratified random sampling method.Results: 1. Five stable factors were extracted and these contributed 44.9% of the vairance in the total score. All 45 items loaded above .40 on each factor.2. Factor I was named as sociabilityt 11 items), factor U was named as psychosomatic symptoms (丄0 items), factor lH was narne-d as antisocial person ality tendency (10 items), factor『V was named as de pressive trend (9 items), and lac tor V was named as level of ego respect (5 items).3. Comparison of these 5 factors between student adolescents and delinquent adolescents showed that there was a significant difference in factor I L(t= ■- 4.⑴(student), -4.()3(delinquent), p=.(XX)l)l, factor 11 [t = -12.01 (student), -12.05(delinquent), p=.0(X)0].factor Hl[t= -13.72( student). -13. ()8 (delinquent.), p=.()0()0], factor W[.t= - 2.12(student), -2.12(delin quent), p = .(X)()0], factor V ■ t = -8.94(student), -8.92(delinquent), p=.(XXX)J and total scoreLt.= - 13.55 (student), -12.36(delinquent), p = .0001 ].1. Internal consistency reliability was tested by cronbach a. Cronbach 公 was .899 for total 45 items and .854, .864, ,835: .808 and .7B7 for each 5 factors of personality characteristics related to delinquent behavior.Conclusions: The authors concluded that this scale has a high validity and reliability for measur ing personality factor related to juvenile delin quency in Korea.Therefore, the authors recorrunended that this measuring instrument can use for assessing person ality factors of delinquent-prone adolescents, and hope to make a contribution to screening test and prevention of juvenile delinquency in Korea.
A Study on the Subjectivity about Death
Authors: Chung Hae Kyung , Kim Kyung Hee , Yeun EunJa , Ryu Eun Jung , Yeoum Soon Gyo , Chung Yeon Kang , Kwon Hye Jin
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is, by using Q-method ology, to classify the type of attitude for the general public about the death and to understand the specific characters of each tyj)e.Q-population was investigated by referring to rel evant records and interviewing with the general public and the experts. The final 4() of Q-sample was selected and the data was collected through I)-sample, randomly chosen 32 people around Seoul and Kvung-gi area. After analyzing, 4 types were found.Type 1 is aiming for the future life. They believe firmly the future life. They feel certain that the death means starting for eternal life rather than being afraid of the death or having a despair. Type 2 is valuing reality. They do their best for the reality of life. They take up a positive attitude toward completing their life with responsibilities even at. the situation of confronting death. Type 3 is preparing for death. The people confronting death have a right to know when they will be dead. They should have enough time to prepare for death. Type 4 is devoting for society. Even though there is only one life, people think that devoiing their life for justice is very important.Through the result of this study, people's agree ment for nobility and importance of life were found same. It is reconfirmed that instead of being dead suddenly, if ifs possible, they want to know the fact of dying to have time to prepare for their death.Also, the fact that everyone has the fear of death is confirmed.
An Exploratory Study on the Korean Adolescents Involved in Substance Abuse
Authors: Lee Kyung Ho
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Substance abuse is one of the most serious problems that Korean adolescents are faced with today. It tends to bring about juvenile delinquency and other problems. While the frequency of Korean adolescents* substance abuse has been owing every year, the effective ways to cope with it has not been wdi developed yet. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors of K이'ean adolescents' substance abuse, to seek out the useful methods to intervene with them and to define the effectiveness of a substance abuse prevention.Methods: This study is an exploratory research based on the open-structured questions and general questions which has been carried on from June. 1998 until July, 1999 with a sample of 9 inmates in K mental hospital located in Seoul. Data were collected by personal interviews and recordings. Collected data were analyzed according to the purposes of this study and the results are as follows.Results: 1. Among the kinds of substance abused by nine inmates, there appeared bond, gas. varnish, cigarettes, toky-coke, benzol, marijuana, v hypnotics, sedatives. It took about ten hours for their substance abuse at one time, it was shown that most of them could purchase substance at a supermarket or a stationery with ease. Their first attempt mostly begun at third grade in middle school and lasted fbr about two years.2. Among the motives of substance abuse, there appeared to be an ostentatious behavior, a sense of alienation, inducement. seducement(sedu ction), curiosity, forcible demand, loneliness and others.3. The symptoms caused by substance abuse turned out to be emotional exaltation, physical feebleness, unconsciousness, amnesia, loss of appetite and others.4. The afterthoughts after abus ： ng substance provedregret, anxiety, longing for friendship and mutual understanding, the urge to get ot.hers ，reliance, the reckless desire for pleasure and others.5. The mental situation under hallucination led to the mistaken idea of realizing dreams, while the mental situation after awaking proved to suffer from oblivion, fear, nihilism and other severe symptoms.Conclusion: This study results in the following suggestions Once the health professionals are alerted to the adolescents' involvement in substance abuse, it. is necessary to approach them with the parental concern in order to establish rapport with them by using tactful questions that demonstrate interest in their feelings, behaviors, an:l experiences. The qualitative research is pre- requisite to the solution of that problem. The developme nt of the wholesome?recreational programs for the adolescents is also essential to prevent them from being irivolved in substance abuse.
Development of The Nursing Intervention Protocol for Home HeaKh Care Clients with Mental Health Problems
Authors: Kim Sun Ah
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to standardize nursing intervention protocol for home health care clients who have mental health problems.In this study, ten nursing diagnoses are selected among twenty-one cases of home care nursing records of mentally~ill patients who are registered at public health center during the period of March 1997 to July 1997. The diagnoses choosen from home care nursing records include knowledge deficit, social isolation, ineffective family coping, altered health maintenance, altered thought processes, low self-esteem, powerlessness, sensory-perceptual alterations, noncompliance and caregiver role strain.For the content validity of the intervention protocol, a number of experts evaluated the nursing intervention lists drived from the preliminary protocol. The clinical validity test was also taken twenty-nine mentally ill patients. The intervention protocol developed in this study can be widely applied to the care of mentally ill patients at community.
A Study on Stress and Health of Family Caregivers Caring for Demented Elderly
Authors: Lee Kang Oh
Published: September 2024

This study was done to examine the relationship between caregiver stress, and caregiver health status caring for demented elderly. Data were collected from 58 family caregivers from Sept. 6th to Nov. 6th, 1999.Data collection was done by questionnaire. The questionnaire used in this study was composed of three dimensions： (haracteri sties of the demented elderly and their family caregivers, caregiver stress, and caregiver health status.Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA.Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression using SPSS.The results of this study were as follows :1. The mean score of caregiver stress was 3.21.The mean score of caregiver health status was 1.17.2. The levels of caregiver stress were significantly different between groups which were classified by marriage status, elderly - caregiver relationship, and duration of caregiving of caregiver, and educational level of elderly.3. The levels of caregiver health status were significantly different between groups which were classified by financial aids, age, and health status of elderly.4. The relationship between caregiver stress, and caregiver health status was negatively correlated. The hypothesis of this study, "the less caregiver stress, the better caregiver health status is." was supported.5. caregiver stress, and age of elderly were predictors to caregiver health status caring for elderly.These results help distinguish the risk group in the caregiving situation and confirmed that caregiver health status was affected by caregiver stress. Therefore, it is worthwhile study and develop the strategies for rursing education and intervention for them.
A Study on the Stress and Recognition for Psychiatric Patients of Nursing Students during the Clinical Experience in the Psychiatric Unit
Authors: Bai Jeung lee
Published: September 2024

Clinical experiences are stressful for nursing students. However, we ignore this problem. And the recognition for psychiatric patients of nursing students is different from that for the other patients. The prejudice or incorrect understanding of the psychiatric patients has been widely spreading even nursing student.The purpose of this study was to describe the stress and recognition for the psychiatric patients of nursing students during the clinical experience in the psychiatric unit.Data were collected through a survey over a period of 8 days. Subjects who participated in the study consisted of 80 nursing students. The author used a convenience sampling method.Tow instruments were used in this study.Using Cronbach's ALPHA, instruments were assessed for validity and reliability from data.The analysis of the data was done with Window SPSS 9.0 for descriptive statistics and ANOVA test.The results of this analysis were as follows :1. The degree of perceived stress during the clinical experience in the psychiatric unit was considerably high(2.28 out of 4.00).2. The degree of recognized for the psychiatric patients of nursing students was general level(1.99 out of 4.00).3. Among the stressors, insufficiency of professional clinical knowledge and skill (2.45).inadequate practical environmen(2.44) and role o veil ord (2.21) were identified as the stress factors with high rank of degiee of stress.4. There was significant relationship between the degree of stress and the demographic variables of nursing students such as the religion, age and practical place. And there was no significant relationship between the degree of recognition and the demographic variables of nursing students 5. The relationship between the degree of stress and the recognition for the psychiatric patients of nursing students were significantly identified.Finally, the author suggests that this result could be adequately applied to nursing students during the clinical experience in the psychiatric unit.The faculty should be a providing the empathetic support and effective educational environment. And effective guidance program is required to improve motivaticn and satisfaction with nursing as a major and college life. This study will prove helpful understanding nursing student for educator and clinical nursing staff.
Relationships between Behavior Characteristics and Stress Coping Behaviors of University Students
Authors: Choi Mi Kyoung
Published: September 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the (x)ntent of stress coping behavior and to examine the relationship between behavior characteristics and stress coping behavior ir. university students.Survey was carried out on 386 university students with questionnaire which consisted of sociodemographic data, a scale for stress coping behavior, a scale for behavior characteristics.Data analysis procedure included factor analysis and multivariate regressions using stress coping behavior as a dependent variable, sociodemographic variables and behavior characteristics as independent variables.Analysis showedi 1. On the whole, the subjects showed a tendency to lack in positive stress coping behavior.2. There were significant gender differences in stress coping behavior Female students showed more tendency to take stress coping behavior positively than male students.3. Multiple regression analysis revealed that, the factors such as gender, behavior characteristics, native place, giade and tendency of vulnerability to stress were t,o be independently and significantly associated with stress coping behavior； for example, male, lower grade and urban-born students tended to take stress coping behavior negatively. The students who showed more subjective behavior characteristics and who had vulnerability to stress showed the same tendencies.In conclusion, this study suggests that it is important for late-adolescents to establish their subjective behavior characteristics, which would be helpful for them to cope with their stress well and would enable thein to keep their good mental health.
Relation between Self-Esteem and the Degree of Drinking of the Aged in the C City
Authors: Ahn Hwang Ran , Pax Hang Ja , Kim Eun Sim
Published: September 2024

Relation between Self-esteem and the degree of drinking is an essential component in health and the quality of life of the aged. But even though relation between self-esteem and the degree of drinking among the aged has been documented in western country, few study has been conducted in Korea. Especially, relation between self-esteem and the degree of drinking has been studied a little in previous research and literature, therefore this study was studied.The purpose of this study was to identify relation between self-esteem and the degree of drinking on the aged in the C city. 107 subjects were participated in the study. The questionnaire of self-esteem was developed by Hwang-Ran Ahn(1995) and the degree of drinking measured by the Alcoholism screening Test of National Seoul Mental Hospital.SPSS/PC + was utilized for data analysis and included descriptive statistics. Pearson correlation.The results of this study are summarized as follows-1. Mean of self-esteem was 42.9. minimum was 20,and maximum was 72.2. Mean of degree on the drinking was 9.1.minimum was O.and maximum was 27.4.3. Relation between self-esteem and the degree of drinking was in negative correlation (r=-.416,p<.001).From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the elderlies in the C city do have low degree of self-esteem. And in the degree of drinking, percentage of the need of hospitalization showed 46.2%(55/119).
Effects of Human Potential Seminar on the Mental Health and Self-Concept Among Juvenile Delinquents
Authors: Lee Mi Hyoung
Published: September 2024

This study was designed to test the effects of human potential seminar on mental health and self-concept of juvenile delinquents.The subjects were consisted of 21 boys and 10 girls attending three Mental Health Programs which were provided as the rehabilitation programs for juvenile delinquents referred from a probation office.Watching video tapes about drugs, having personal unfoldment and peak experience, sharing personal past experiences of maladaptive behaviors each other, acknowledging personal strengths, utilizing art therapy to overcome personal anger, remembering ones who she/he loved, planning her/his behavioral modification, making a time capsule, and having candle ceremony are the strategies which were applied to the subjects in the human potential seminar.The intervention program was administered by a researcher and two assistants who were trained for counselling. Total 40 hours group therapy was carried out within 5 days. After finishing group therapy, the investigators had follow-up meeting with the subjects regularly once per month for seven months The subjects participated in main programs and subsequent follow-up meetings from November, 1997 to May 1999.Mental health was measured with SCL-90-R and self-concept were measured with Self- concept Scale developed by Fitts. The data were analyzed by percent, repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni multiple regression using SAS program.The results were as follows-1. The level of obsessive-compulsive, depression, anxiety, hostility, paranoid ideation, psychocitism decreased significantly after treatment at 0.05 level. 2. Self Satisfaction which was one of the subscales of Self-Concept increased significantly at seventh month after treatment. However there were no significant differences between pre-test score and post-test score of the remaining subscales of Self-Concept such as Total Positive Self, Self-Identity, Self Behavior, Physical Self, Moral Ethical Self, Personal Self, Family Self, Social SelfThese results indicate that human potential seminar which was provided with group therapy was effective in improving mental health for juvenile delinquents, but it is not effective in enhancing all those sub-dementions of self except self satisfaction. That is, the human potential seminar may be more effective in promoting mental health than in enhancing self-concept of juvenile delinquents.
A Study on Hospital Experiences of Plastic Surgery Patients
Authors: Park un hee , Lee jeong-seop
Published: September 2024

In this paper, patients experienced plastic operation are divided into deformity, cosmetic patients and injury ones, respectively. And then their mental, psychological, social experiences are investigated. Base on the investigation, this paper was write to present basic data that they are necessary to develop nursing technique during hospitalization and give useful information of plastic patients to medical teams.11 deformity patients, 6 cosmetic ones and 5 injury ones, they have been taken to hospital from 12. 1988 to 9. 1999at plastic surgery hospital ward of an hospital attached to an university located in Seoul, were sampled for profoundly interview and observation.The obtained data were analyzed in a qualitative way of using Giorgis pheno menological approach. This thesis aims to identify the theme by determining subjects starting and ending units of thinking and thereupon, translating it into researchers language to determine its focal meaning, to integrate the focal meaning to create a situated structural description perceived from the view of each subject, and thereby, and then integrate this descriptions to present general structural description of deformity, cosmetic patients and injury ones.The results of this work are follow asThe kinds of body experiences are pain felt at operation position, physical pain due to a cure and an injection, diarrhea caused by hospital food and reduction weight.Want of sleep and infringement of private life are closely related to environment around patients. Expectation and fear generated by operation and hospitalization, negative and positive emotion due to contact with different type patients and same type ones are emotional effect of plastic patients. In the social aspect, they experienced both financial deadlock and variations of person relationship raised from lose their work and role. And they demand that nation support effective patient transformation and medical cost.Separating cosmetic ward from plastic ward, cosmetic patients can require their needs. From this they can be obtained best cure. The psychological support is necessary to patients without agreement of their protector.
A Study on Perceived Family Support and Mental Health of the Aged
Authors: Kim Young Sun , Lee Gil Za
Published: September 2024

This study was attempted to investigate the family support and mental health of the aged.The subjects were collected by interview from 120 elderly people over 65 years old, living in Yangsan The data for this study were collected from December 21, 1998 to February 20, 1999.The instruments used for this study were the family support scale developed by Kang(1985) and mental health scale developed by Choi (1990).The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's Correlation Coefficients, t-test and ANOVA, Stepwised multiple regression, by using SPSS 7.5 window program.The results of this study were summarized as followings-1. The mean scores of the perceived family support was 2.00 ±0.85 the mental health 2.49 ±0.47. The mean scores of the perceived family support in the familymembers t son was 3.53 ±1.68, daughter-in-law 3.14 ±1.69, grandson and grand daughter 1.96 ±1.69, spouse 1.56 ±2.14 and daughter 1.43 土 1,79.2. The perceived family support according to the general characteristics was significantly different in the education (high school.F = 3.84. P = 0.006), spouse (being, t=2.46, P=0.017), co-living family (1-2, F=2.938, P=0.007) and status of co-living (aging couple. F=4.15. P=0.001).3. The status of mental condition according to the general characteristics was significantly different in the age(65-69y, F=6.7, P=0.000), the sex (men, t=2.54, P=0.013), the education (high school, F=6,553, P=0.001), spouse (being, t=0.838, P=0.024), status of co-living (aging couple. F=2.24, P=0.05), aging club house (taking, t==2.68, P=0.051) and aging social peer group (taking, t=20.169, P=0.000).4. The perceived family support by the family relationships was significantly different in the variables as suches as: communicators (grandson and daughter, F=3.539. P== 0.001), doing himself(taking，t=3.007, P=0.005), self-esteem (daughter in law, F = 2.951, P=0.005), emotional safety (daughter F=4.467, P=0.000), co-living liked family (taking.t=5.045, P=0.001), doing in house (freely, F=4.552, P=0.005), frequently meeting family (3-4 times/mo, F=3.41, P=0.004), visiting family (son, F=5.072. P=0.000), and want to see family(daughter-*in-law, F = 2.749, P=0.022).5. The status of mental health by the family relationships was significantly different in the decision making(spouse, F=2.198, P=0.04) and doing himself(being, t =4.223, P=0.000).In the through above results, the family support for the elderly of this study was low and the mental health status was moderate. The family relationships was not satisfactory, but there was correlation between the family support and the mental health status.And then increasing family support for the elderly should be promote the mental health and the family relationships
The Dysfunctional Behavior and Physical Touch in Patients with Dementia
Authors: Kim Eun Joo
Published: September 2024

Persons of dementia may have an increased need for physical contact because their cognition and language capabilities are impaired. They maintain, however, their emotions and sense of touch. Some theorists have indicated that the use of touch produces alleviates anxiety and functional behaviors in patients with dementia.However, little is known about the behavioral responses, when demented patients are received the different types of touch. This study examined the characteristics of physical touch received from caregivers and the frequency and intensity of the dysfunctional behaviors in patients with dementia. The sample for the present study was composed of 22 demented residents in dementia care unit in N hospital in Taejon. Residents were repeatedly observed and measured, on the average, 4 times using a convenient time sampling. Data from 82 observations were utilized in the statistical analysis. Repeated measures ANOVA was utilized to analyze the data.The types of touch occurring during the caregiver - patient interactions were task touch (32.9%), expressive touch (26.8%), and concurrent type of touch (11%). Dysfunctional behaviors were manifested less frequent and intensive when residents were being received the expressive touch than being received any other types of touch. The types of touch are differentially related to the frequency and intensity of dysfunctional behaviors: The scores of dysfunctional behaviors were significantly different between the different types of touch (F=7.42, p= .001). The findings that residents exhibited fewer dysfunctional behaviors when receiving expressive touch suggests that expressive touch can act as a soothing and comforting form of communication.
The Effect of Reality Therapy on the Internal Locus of Control and Self-Esteem of the College Students
Authors: Kim Jeong Sook
Published: September 2024

The aim of the paper is to inspect how much the group reality therapy could make an effect on the internal control and the self-esteem of the college students, and to offer the useful materials for development of group counseling programs.The hypotheses of this study are as follows :Hypothesis I - The college students who had the reality therapy program might have shown significantly higher level of internal locus of control than those who didn't have the reality therapy program.Hypothesis II : The college students who had the reality therapy program might have shown significantly higher level of self-esteem than those who didn't have the reality therapy program.The subjects were 22 college students who volunteered to attend this study, 11 college students of whom belonged to the experimental group and the rest were regarded as the control group.The results are as follows :First, the internal locus of control of the college students who had the reality therapy program have increased significantly more than that of those who didn't have the reality therapy program.Second, the self-esteem of the college students who had the reality therapy program have increased significantly more than that of those who didn't have the reality therapy program.As a conclusion, the reality therapy program was proved to be effective for increasing internal locus of control and self-esteem of college students.
A Study on Quality of Life and Its Influencing Factors in Family Caregivers Caring for Dementia Patient
Authors: Lee Kang Oh
Published: September 2024

This study was done to examine the relationship between burden, health, and quality of life of family caregivers caring for dementia patient. Data were collected from 58 family caregivers from Sept. 6th to Nov. 6th, 1999. Data collection was done by questionnaire. The questionnaire used in this study was composed of three dimensions:characteristics of the dementia patient and their family caregivers, and burden, health, and quaity of life of family caregivers. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression using SPSS.The results of this study were as follows :• The mean score of burden was 3.21. The mean score of health status was 1.17. The mean score of quality of life was 2.76.• The levels of burden were significantly different between groups which were classified by marriage status, patient-caregiver relationship, and duration of caregiving of caregiver, and educational level of dementia patient.• The levels of health status were significantly different between groups which were classified by financial aids, age, and health status of dementia patient.• The levels of quality of life were significantly different between groups which were classified by financial aids of family members and expression of family members' thanks, and educational level and health status of dementia patient.• The relationship between burden, health status, and quality of life of caregiver was correlated. The 1st hypothesis of this study, "the less caregiver burden, the better caregiver health status is.*' was supported. The 2nd hypothesis of this study, "the less caregiver burden, the better quality of life of caregiver is." was supported. The 3rd hypothesis of this study, "the less caregiver health status, the better quality of life of caregiver is." was supported.• caregiver health status and burden, and health status of dementia patient were predictors to quality of life of caregivers caring for dementia patient.These results help distinguish the risk group in the caregiving situation and confirmed that quality of life of family caregiver was affected by caregiver stress and health status. Therefore, it is worthwhile study and develop the strategies for nursing education and intervention for them.