bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can Musical Ability be Tested Online?
Authors: Correia Ana Isabel , Vincenzi Margherita , Vanzella Patricia , Pinheiro Ana P. , Lima Cesar , Schellenberg E. Glenn
Published: April 2021

We sought to determine whether an objective test of musical ability could be administered online successfully. A sample of 754 participants was tested with an online version of the Musical Ear Test (MET), which had Melody and Rhythm subtests. Both subtests had 52 trials, each of which required participants to determine whether standard and comparison auditory sequences were identical. The testing session also included the Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index (Gold-MSI), a test of general cognitive ability, and self-report questionnaires that measured basic demographics (age, education, gender), mind wandering, and personality. Approximately 20% of the participants were excluded for incomplete responding or failing to finish the testing session. For the final sample (N = 608), findings were similar to those from in-person testing in many respects: (1) the internal reliability of the MET was maintained, (2) construct validity was confirmed by strong associations with Gold-MSI scores, (3) correlations with other measures (e.g., openness-to-experience, cognitive ability, mind wandering) were as predicted, (4) for individuals with no music training, mean levels of performance were similar, and (5) musical sophistication was a better predictor of performance on the Melody compared to the Rhythm subtest. In sum, online administration of the MET proved to be a reliable and valid way to measure musical ability.
Stress and Sleep Across the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact of Distance Learning on U.S. College Students’ Health Trajectories
Authors: Gusman Michaela S , Grimm Kevin , Cohen Adam B. , Doane Leah D.
Published: April 2021

Study Objectives. This study examined associations between average and intraindividual trajectories of stress, sleep duration, and sleep quality in college students before, during, and after transitioning to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. One hundred and sixty-four first-year college students answered twice-weekly questionnaires assessing stress exposure and perception, sleep duration, and sleep quality from January until May, 2020 (N=4,269 unique observations). Results. Multilevel growth modeling revealed that prior to distance learning, student stress was increasing and sleep duration and quality were decreasing. After transitioning online, students’ stress exposure and perception trajectories immediately and continuously decreased; sleep quality initially increased but decreased over time; and sleep duration increased but then plateaued for the remainder of the semester. Days with higher stress exposure than typical for that student were associated with lower sleep quality, and both higher stress exposure and perception at the transition were linked with simultaneous lower sleep quality. Specific groups (e.g., females) were identified as at-risk for stress and sleep problems.Conclusion. Although transitioning to remote learning initially alleviated college students’ stress and improved sleep, these effects plateaued, and greater exposure to academic, financial, and interpersonal stressors predicted worse sleep quality on both daily and average levels. Environmental stressors may particularly dictate sleep quality during times of transition, but adaptations in learning modalities may help mitigate short-term detrimental health outcomes during global emergencies, even during a developmental period with considerable stress vulnerability. Future studies should examine longer-term implications of these trajectories on mental and physical health.
Video Meeting Signals: Experimental Evidence for a technique to improve the experience of video conferencing
Authors: Hills Paul , Clavin Mackenzie , Tufft Miles R A , Gobel Matthias S , Richardson Daniel C.
Published: April 2021

We found evidence from two experiments that a simple set of gestural techniques can improve the experience of online meetings. Video conferencing technology has practical benefits, but psychological costs. It has allowed industry, education and social interactions to continue in some form during the covid-19 lockdowns. But it has left many users feeling fatigued and socially isolated, perhaps because the limitations of video conferencing disrupt users’ ability to coordinate interactions and foster social affiliation. Video Meeting Signals (VMS™) is a simple technique that uses gestures to overcome some of these limitations. First, we carried out a randomised controlled trial with over 100 students, in which half underwent a short training session in VMS. All participants rated their subjective experience of two weekly seminars, and transcripts were objectively coded for the valence of language used. Compared to controls, students with VMS training rated their personal experience, their feelings toward their seminar group, and their perceived learning outcomes as significantly higher. Also, they were more likely to use positive language and less likely to use negative language. A second, larger experiment replicated the first, and added a condition where groups were given a version of the VMS training but taught to use emoji response buttons rather than gestures to signal the same information. The emoji-trained groups did not experience the same improvement as the VMS groups. By exploiting the specific benefits of gestural communication, VMS has great potential to overcome the psychological problems of group video meetings.
Promoting Open Science: A holistic approach to changing behaviour
Authors: Robson Samuel Gebhard , Baum Myriam A. , Beaudry Jennifer L , Beitner Julia , Brohmer Hilmar , Chin Jason , Jasko Katarzyna , Kouros Chrystyna D , Laukkonen Ruben , Moreau David , Searston Rachel A , Slagter Heleen A , Steffens Niklas K , Tangen Jason Marcus , Thomas Amberyn
Published: April 2021

Manuscript accepted for publication at Collabra: Psychology. In this article, we provide a toolbox of recommendations and resources for those who desire to promote the uptake of open scientific practices. Open Science encompasses a range of behaviours that aim to improve the transparency of scientific research. This paper is divided into seven sections, each devoted to different group or institution in the research ecosystem: colleagues, students, departments and faculties, universities, academic libraries, journals, and funders. We describe the behavioural influences and incentives for each of these stakeholders and changes they can make to foster Open Science. Our primary goal is to suggest actions that researchers can take to promote these behaviours, inspired by simple principles of behaviour change: make it easy, social, and attractive. In isolation, a small shift in one person’s behaviour may appear to make little difference, but when combined, many shifts can radically alter shared norms and culture. We offer this toolbox to assist individuals and institutions in cultivating a more open research culture.
Using multilevel regression and poststratification to estimate physical activity levels from health surveys
Authors: Christofoletti Marina , Benedetti Tânia R. B. , Mendes Felipe Goedert , Carvalho Humberto M.
Published: April 2021

Background: Large-scale health surveys often consider sociodemographic characteristics and several health indicators influencing physical activity that often vary across units (regions or states). Data in a survey for some small units are often not representative of the larger population. This study developed a relatively simple multilevel regression and poststratification (MRP) model to estimate the proportion of leisure-time physical activity across Brazilian state capitals, based on the Brazilian cross-sectional national survey VIGITEL (2018). Methods: We used various approaches to evaluate whether the MRP approach outperforms single-level aggregated estimates, with various subsample proportions tested. Results: The mean absolute errors were consistently smaller for the MRP estimates than single-level regression estimates, particularly with smaller sample sizes. MRP consistently had predictions closer to the estimation target than single-level aggregated estimations. MRP presented substantially smaller uncertainty estimates compared to aggregated estimates. Conclusions: Our results confirm that MRP is a promising strategy to derive disaggregated data for health-related outcomes and, in particular, physical activity indicators from aggregated-level surveys. Overall, the MRP is superior to single-level aggregated estimates and disaggregation, yielding smaller errors and more accurate estimates. MRP significantly expands the scope of issues for which researchers can better address participation bias and interpret interactions to estimate descriptive population quantities. The observations present in this study highlight the need for further research, potentially incorporating more information in the models to better interpret interactions and types of activities across target populations.
Histological study of normal human suprarenal gland of different age groups
Authors: Annamaraju Maruti Ram , Velichety Subhadra Devi , Boddeti Ravindra Kumar , Battalapalli Srihari Rao
Published: April 2021

Background: Adrenal gland is a lifesaving endocrine gland of the human body. Knowledge of normal microscopic anatomy of the Adrenal gland facilitates Pathologists to correlate and make the differential diagnosis of various adrenal glands associated clinical conditions on histopathological examination.
Aims and Objective: To study histological features of human adrenal gland in the post-natal period at different ages.
Materials and Methods: Present study is conducted with 98 human adrenal glands from 49 unclaimed dead bodies during an autopsy and 22 human adrenal glands from 11 cadavers during routine dissection in S.V Medical College, Tirupati, which were utilized after obtaining consent from the close kith and kin. During the autopsy/dissection, the samples collected were from 2 Years to 64 years of age individuals of both sex with typical external features and divided into three groups. The first group consisted of less than 25 years of age. The second group consists of ages between 26 years to 50 years. The third group included 51 years and above, and all the specimens are processed for histological staining and observed under the microscope.
Results: At 2 years well-developed capsule with large vessels and well-differentiated zones of definitive cortex and medulla were identified. The thick muscular coat of the central vein was identified at 20 years. At 36 years & 45 years, cellular architecture in various zones is very well differentiated. At 65 years, the cortico-medullary demarcation was irregular, and vascularity decreased.
Conclusion: Histological features of pre-pubertal, adult, and old age group sections helps in the understanding of post-natal changes in the growth of the Suprarenal gland and its functions.
Persistent left superior vena cava and its clinical correlation - A cadaveric study
Authors: Mittal Sachendra Kumar , Parashar Rekha , Singh Pankaj Kumar , Jadon Leena
Published: April 2021

Background: Presented is a case of persistent left superior vena cava draining into the right atrium through coronary sinus and finally opens into right atrium. Abnormalities of the vascular system are more commonly seen due to its importance in circulation. Persistent left superior vena cava is rare but important congenital vascular anomaly. It results when the left superior cardinal vein caudal to the innominate vein fails to regress.The venous anomaly of a persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) affects 0.3%–0.5% of the general population. Normally the superior vena cava is a single vascular structure formed by the union of right and left brachiocephalic veins which are in turn formed by the union of internal jugular and subclavian veins of corresponding side, draining the head and neck as well as the superior extremity.
Aims and Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of persistent left superior vena cava and to find out the opening of PLSVC and formations of both SVC.
Materials and Methods: During routine dissection of Thorax, we have opened the thoracic cage and take out the Heart. during that we found separate SVC and then we did the study on this PLSVC in the Department of Anatomy, Jaipur National University Institute for Medical Sciences and Research Centre (JNUIMSRC) Jaipur and National Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (NIMS & R).
Results: We found persistent left superior vena cava in two cadavers out of 30 cadavers (6.66%) one was 64-year-old male cadaver and another 72-year-old male cadaver. Both the vena cavae were formed as of brachiocephalic veins of the corresponding side. The persistent left superior vena cava opened into the enlarged coronary sinus that drained into the right atrium between the opening of inferior vena cava and right atrio-ventricular orifice.
Conclusion: It has important clinical implications in certain clinical interventions. It may complicate placementof cardiac catheters or pacemaker leads.
Hemihyperplasia with Multiple intestinal Lipomatosis presenting with intestinal obstruction due to intussusception, challenges in treatment- A Rare case
Authors: Malik Pushpendra , Garg Mahinder K
Published: April 2021

Hemihyperplasia is a syndrome with overgrowth of limbs and associated with various genomic syndromes. Rarely patient presents with intestinal obstruction when it is associated with sub mucosal lipomas. Submucosal lipomas are common in colon. But whole of small and large bowel studded with them is very rare as in our case. It presents dilemma not only in diagnosis but in treatment also. Here we present a case of forty two years females with hemihyperplasia syndrome came to causality with recurrent intestinal obstruction. On CECT Abdomen diagnosis of intestinal obstruction due to intussusception was made. Whole of bowel is studded with submucosal lipomas. Patient was tried to manage conservatively but patient does not respond and Right Hemicolectomy was done of intussusception segment. Anastomosis leaked and on re-exploration end ileostomy was done. Obstruction due to Multiple Intestinal Lipomatosis (as a part of Genetic Syndrome) should be managed conservatively and if operative intervention is required avoid primary anastomosis.
Risk identification of a hospital laboratory pre-analytics through failure mode and effect analysis
Authors: Das Debdatta , Pal Krishna , Roy Sudip , Lodh Moushumi
Published: April 2021

Background: Implementing an active system to identify, monitor and manage risk from laboratory errors can enhance patient safety and quality of care.
Aims and Objectives: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) technique allows evaluating and measuring the hazards of a process malfunction, to decide where to execute improvement actions, and to measure the outcome of those actions. The aim of this study was to assess pre analytical phase of laboratory testing, mitigate risk and thereby increase patient safety.
Materials and Methods: Steps followed in the study were: planning the study, selecting team members, analysis of the processes, risk analysis, and developing a risk reduction protocol by incorporating corrective actions. A Fault Tree Analysis diagram was used to plot the cascade of faults leading to the pre analytical errors. Risk Priority Number (RPN) was assigned. A minimum cut- off 40 RPN was considered for interventions and highest RPN errors were prioritized with corrective actions. Post intervention RPN score was calculated.
Results: Eight failure modes had the highest RPN. Corrective actions were prioritized against these errors. RPN scores of test ordering error, sample collection error, transport errors, error in patient identification, site selection, urine samples not received, sample accessioning and sample processing errors decreased, post intervention.
Conclusion: With thorough planning, we can use FMEA as a common standard to analyze risk in pre analytical phase of laboratory testing.
Dorsal expansion-related manual disability in verrucae vulgaris patients treated with cryotherapy: A longitudinal study via big data
Authors: Al-Imam Ahmed , Al-Doori Hend J. , Al-Shalchy Ali K.
Published: April 2021

Background: Common warts frequently occur over the hands and may overlie critical structures, including the extensor expansion of the digits, for which cryotherapy can lead to manual disability.
Aims and Objectives: We aim to implement big data to infer knowledge on the interest of web users regarding the dorsal expansion-related manual disability in verrucae vulgaris patients managed with cryotherapy.
Materials and Methods: We mapped the interest of users of the surface web in connection with five topics: cryosurgery, extensor digitorum muscle, human papillomavirus, manual disability, and verruca vulgaris. We retrieved longitudinal data [2004-2019] concerning the spatio-temporal variations of interest in these topics, using Google Trends. We are also reporting a case of interest while analyzing it using the Bradford Hill criteria.
Results: Sixty-four nations contributed to the spatial (geographic) map, including ten countries from the Middle East and the north of Africa (15.63%). There was high temporal variability concerning cryosurgery 29.61 (+/- 0.94), extensor digitorum muscle 64.43 (+/- 0.86), human papillomavirus 0.01 (+/- 0.01), manual disability 2.89 (+/- 0.13), and verruca vulgaris 9.39 (+/- 0.20). Conjoint inference, via Post-Hoc testing and neural networks [machine learning], assigned the highest synaptic weight [effect size] to “cryosurgery” and “extensor digitorum muscle”, thus indicating that these topics are of prime interest for web users, including anatomists and dermatologists.
Conclusions: We are conveying two messages: 1) Dermatologists are encouraged to collaborate with data scientists to realize the importance of big data for evidence-based dermatology. 2) Physicians should exercise extra caution in managing patients with verrucae vulgaris using cryotherapy.
Cardio-respiratory and biochemical responses of military training event at Jungle environment
Authors: Yadav Angad , Chatterjee Tirthankar , Bhattacharyya Debojyoti , Singh Somnath , Pal Madhusudan
Published: April 2021

Background: In military environment, soldiers regularly practice or undergo different types of extreme training activities. However, globally the literatures available on the physiological and biochemical demand of different extreme military training activities are very scanty and less reported.
Aims and Objective: The present study was undertaken to quantify the cardio-respiratory and biochemical responses of military training event in jungle environment.
Materials and Methods: Mathew’s Mad Mile (MMM) activity is a type of specialized run of 1.5 mile in jungle environment. This training activity was conducted on rugged jungle terrain comprised of undulated uphill, downhill, muddy surface. Twenty-five SHAPE-1 healthy soldiers were volunteered into training event. Cardiorespiratory data was recorded continuously throughout the event and venous blood sample was drawn before and immediately after completion of the event. Statistical significance was considered at p<0.05.
Results: There was no significant difference observed in heart rate and breathing rate while core body temperature was significantly (p = 0.02) higher in slow finisher as compared to fast finisher. In fast finisher, post exercise level of BDNF, BNP, SDH, cortisol and UCP1 increased significantly (p<0.05), whereas, BHB (p<0.01) decreased significantly in comparison to pre-exercise. In slow finishers, post exercise level of cortisol, KYNA and UCP1 increased significantly (p<0.05), whereas, BDNF, BNP and SDH decreased significantly (p<0.05), in comparison to pre-exercise.
Conclusion: The outcome of this study indicated that the slow finishers were more susceptible to risk of injury due to higher exercise induced thermogenesis and mental stress in comparison to fast finisher.
Geomorphological study of Quaternary tectonics of the Doon Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, Uttranchal, India
Authors: Patel R. C. , Kumar Yogesh
Published: April 2021

The post-major Himalayan tectonics is distinctly reflected on the present day topography of the Doon Valley. The photogeological characters and field study show that the Doon Valley is bounded by major faults. NE-dipping Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) surrounds it in the north, Mohand Thrust and Bhimgoda Thrust in the south, the Ganga Tear Fault in the east and the Yamuna Tear Fault in the west. Due to ongoing continental convergence of the Indian and Eurasian plates, the valley is tectonically unstable today. Vertical as well as horizontal movements are ongoing processes of the valley. The terraces along river valleys, bending of the river courses, tilting of the piedmonts, shifting of the river courses, overriding of the Lesser Himalayan rocks over the Doon Valley and Siwalik rocks over Indo-Gangetic plain are the consequence of it. Several lineaments, majorly longitudinal and transverse, are tearing up the Doon Valley. Out of them, some have segmented the recent Doon gravels, which reflect the Quaternary tectonics of the Doon valley. The probable cause of the Quaternary tectonics of the Doon Valley might be due to the northward pushing of the Delhi-Haridwar ridge.
Perilaku UMKM Terhadap Pelaksanaan Pemungutan Pajak UMKM Dengan Menggunakan Self Assessment System
Authors: Setyaningsih Eka Dyah , Harsono Mugi
Published: April 2021

Abstract - The implementation of MSME tax collection with the Self Assessment System is a tax collection system by calculating, paying and reporting by yourself by giving confidence to taxpayers based on applicable laws and regulations. This study aims to 1) determine the implementation of the implementation of the self-assessment system in Makasar District, East Jakarta; 2) analyzing the understanding of the taxation knowledge of the UMKM taxpayers, 3) analyzing the implementation of the MSME taxpayer obligations 4) analyzing the tax awareness of taxpayers' sensitivity. This type of research is qualitative descriptive by means of direct primary data collection through interviews with 10 taxpayer informants of MSME actors. The results of his research indicate that the implementation of the self-assessment system has not been going well and more intensive assistance is needed. This is due to the lack of public awareness of taxation and lack of understanding of taxation knowledge. There are 4 informants who run the self-assessment system, 2 of which are assisted by tax consultant services and 6 other informants have not implemented the self assetment system properly
Financial Technology (Fintech) Dalam Inklusi Keuangan Nasional di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Marginingsih Ratnawaty
Published: April 2021

Abstrak  - Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada perlambatan ekonomi nasional, Financial Technology (Fintech) memiliki potensi mengambil peran dalam upaya pemulihan ekonomi. Dampak pandemi covid-19 yang semakin meluas sektor Financial Technology (Fintech) memiliki peran penting untuk meningkatkan inklusi finansial dan kesejahteraan masyarakat.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk penulisan ini adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menujukkan keberadaan Financial Technology (Fintech) memiliki dampak positif dimasa pandemi covid-19. Kontribusi Fintech telah banyak membantu masyarakat yang masih belum terlayani lembaga keuangan formal dalam melakukan transaksi keuangan sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Pemulihan ekonomi nasional dan peningkatan penerimaan negara dimasa pandemi dapat dilakukan dengan dukungan penguatan regulasi terhadap pertumbuhan Fintech yang inklusif dan berkesinambungan yang memiliki potensi sebagai faktor pemicu lompatan yang sangat besar bagi industri pembayaran layanan keuangan digital. Kata Kunci: Financial Technology, Inklusi Keuangan, Ekonomi Nasional  Abstract - The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on the national economic slowdown, Financial Technology (Fintech) has the potential to play a role in economic recovery efforts. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic which is increasingly widespread in the Financial Technology (Fintech) sector has an important role to play in increasing financial inclusion and public welfare. The research method used for this writing is a qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The research results show that the existence of Financial Technology (Fintech) has a positive impact during the Covid-19 pandemic. Fintech's contribution has helped many people who are still not served by formal financial institutions in carrying out financial transactions according to their needs. National economic recovery and increased state revenue during the pandemic can be carried out with the support of strengthening regulations for inclusive and sustainable Fintech growth which has the potential to trigger a huge leap for the digital financial service payment industry. Keywords: Financial Technology, Financial Inclusion, National Economy
Servir le public ou l’industrie du livre ? Représentations et postures dans leJournal littéraireau début du XVIIIesiècle
Authors: Hansen Ann-Marie
Published: April 2021

Le discours sur le périodique savant au début du XVIIIesiècle est marqué par une rhétorique selon laquelle il ne servirait que l’intérêt du lecteur. Cette étude du Journal littéraire suggère que le fonctionnement du journal savant dépend plutôt du service rendu par le périodique à l’industrie dont il ressort. Une telle publication sert non seulement le lecteur auquel le texte est fourni, mais également les intérêts particuliers du journaliste-écrivain et du libraire-éditeur du journal, ainsi que ceux des auteurs et des éditeurs dont les travaux sont recensés. Le journal savant sert simultanément ces multiples intérêts, tantôt en concurrence et tantôt mutuellement bénéfiques. Un cas de conflit entre représentants de la librairie, Prosper Marchand et Pierre Des Maizeaux, révèle la complexité de la situation.
The Role of Apolipoproteins in Dengue Infection: A Review
Authors: Ahmad Radzi Ikhsan , Nor Fadzilah Mohd , Mui Wang Seok , Abdul Rahman Thuhairah Hasrah
Published: April 2021

The re-emergence of the dengue virus in recent decades has significantly increased with almost 40%-50% of the world’s population being at risk. Meanwhile, cholesterol and its components, apolipoproteins, were found to play a vital role in dengue infectivity and the development of severe dengue. This review attempts to address the functional importance of cholesterol and related apolipoproteins in dengue virus pathogenesis and to identify the potential utilisation of this relationship in future diagnosis and management of dengue. The literature search was conducted using a computer-based electronic search on dengue infection with cholesterol and human lipoproteins from September 2017 to June 2019 through three main search engines: MEDLINE (OVID), PubMed, and Science Direct using the keywords including Flaviviruses, characteristics of dengue virus, the pathogenesis of dengue, enhancement of dengue, metabolism of cholesterol, cholesterol pathway and human lipoproteins in association with dengue. Dengue virus manipulates lipid raft integrity and utilizes cholesterol components and apolipoproteins for virus internalisation through LDLr and SR-BI receptors. Infectivity of the dengue virus correlated with a decrease in the cholesterol content of the virions. High cholesterol levels in the endoplasmic reticulum promote replication complexes formation of dengue virus. Cholesterol is needed for NS1 secretion which is essential in viral replication, dengue pathogenesis, and host immune evasion. Levels of cholesterol and its related components contributed to the development of severe dengue. The interplay between cholesterol and cellular proteins lead to significant effect in all aspects of the dengue virus replication cycle from viral entry to release.
Metal Release of Standard and Fake Orthodontic Braces: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Nasir Siti Hajjar , Mohamad Amran Muhammad Syahmi , Abidin Mustaffar Muhammad Muaz
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION: The growing demand for orthodontic braces among Malaysians has led to the development of fake braces. These fake braces services are illegal and their brackets are reported to be of inferior quality. Fake braces are constantly being exposed to the saliva intraorally, hence they are susceptible to corrosion. This study was conducted to investigate the release of metal ions as a result of corrosion from standard and fake orthodontic braces immersed in artificial saliva of different pH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of six different types of brackets (three from standard and three from fake braces) were immersed in containers containing 5 mL of artificial saliva of pH 4.9 and pH 7.8. The samples were collected for analysis on day 1, day 14, and day 28 using Inductively-Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) to evaluate the amount of metal ion released. Statistical analysis was performed to isolate the significant difference of metal ions released between two types of braces in different pH solutions. RESULTS: The release of aluminum, nickel, chromium, manganese and copper were observed and analyzed. Fake braces released the highest concentration of chromium, manganese, and nickel ions in both artificial saliva as compared to standard braces. Brackets immersed in pH 4.9 released a higher number of ions compared to pH 7.8. CONCLUSION: This study showed that fake braces released the highest concentration of metal ions as compared to standard braces. Both time and pH influenced the release of metal ions from orthodontic brackets.
Adaptation and Validation of the Muslim Medical Students Questionnaire (MMSQ) in the Indonesian Language
Authors: Khoiriyah Umatul , Wijaya Diani Puspa , Musa Ramli
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION: The Muslim Medical Students Questionnaire (MMSQ) is a self-assessment tool that was designed to measure student’s Islamic competency in line with the implementation of the Islamic medical curriculum. For it to be applicable in Indonesia, this questionnaire needed to be translated and validated in the Indonesian language (Bahasa Indonesia). This study aimed to collect validity evidence of the Bahasa Indonesia version of MMSQ (BI-MMSQ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research process consisted of four stages: Forward and backward translation; Harmonization of the BI-MMSQ resulting from the initial stage; Pre-test of the BI-MMSQ among 30 clinical students, and finally construct validation among 225 clinical students. The completed questionnaires of 213 students were then analysed for their reliability and validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). RESULTS: The study showed that the scale had sufficient validity evidence; content, response process, and internal structure. The evidence of the internal structure of the tool is derived from the internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha is 0.85) and also from the factor analysis. Most of the items had a factor loading value of > 0.3, but it was suggested that some of those with a value of < 0.3 should be rephrased to increase their quality. The Practice domain was the most stable sub-scale since most of the items contained high factor loadings. CONCLUSION: The BI-MMSQ had sufficient validity evidence and the internal structure may be improved by alteration of a few items.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Electronic Cigarette and their Associated Factors among Undergraduate Students in a Public University
Authors: MR Nuurain Amirah , TM Tengku Amatullah Madeehah , MN Nadeeya ‘Ayn , MR Dzulkhairi , AB Mohamed Fakhri , R Shalinawati , AR Zairina , MS Nooriah , H Jaafar
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION: Smoking tobacco has been a longstanding issue worldwide, but the trend of smoking electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) is now on the rise. Many people assume that smoking e-cigarette is safer and less harmful than conventional cigarette smoking, which is worrying. Adolescents and young adults are easily influenced by advertisements on e-cigarette. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice on e-cigarette among university students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaire was carried out among 484 university students in a public university in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. RESULTS: Respondents were between 19- 25 year-old undergraduates, with the majority being female. 6.6% of the respondents were smokers, with nine having tried e-cigarette, where only one is a regular user. Bivariate analysis was carried out to analyse knowledge, attitude and practice scores on e-cigarette. There was significant association between gender with attitude and practice scores (p<0.001) on e-cigarettes, household income with attitude and practice scores (p=0.013 and p=0.001 respectively) on e-cigarette, as well as smoking status (p><0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that being female and non-smoker were associated with higher attitude and practice scores on e-cigarette. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the knowledge, attitude and practice on e-cigarette needs to be improved among young adults and a more holistic intervention strategy should be implemented to prevent the rise of e-cigarette smoking. ><0.001) on e-cigarettes, household income with attitude and practice scores (p=0.013 and p=0.001 respectively) on e-cigarette, as well as smoking status (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that being female and non-smoker were associated with higher attitude and practice scores on e-cigarette. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the knowledge, attitude and practice on e-cigarette needs to be improved among young adults and a more holistic intervention strategy should be implemented to prevent the rise of e-cigarette smoking. ><<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that being female and non-smoker were associated with higher attitude and practice scores on e-cigarette. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the knowledge, attitude and practice on e-cigarette needs to be improved among young adults and a more holistic intervention strategy should be implemented to prevent the rise of e-cigarette smoking.
Scleral Tunnel Fixated Intraocular Lens in Complicated Cataract: A Case Series
Authors: Lim See Theng , Bastion Mae-Lynn Catherine , Mustapha Mushawiahti , Wan Abdul Halim Wan Haslina , Yong Meng Hsien
Published: April 2021

When capsular support is inadequate in complicated cataract, scleral fixated IOL (SFIOL) has its advantage whereby it is nearer to physiological nodal point when compared to other types of IOL implantation. Scleral tunnel fixated intraocular lens (STFIOL) technique is gaining popularity due to its simplicity and ease of placement compared to sutured IOL. We report our experience with eight cases of STFIOL implantation from September 2016 to May 2018 in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC). All patients had improvement of vision except one case who had unchanged vision. Mean post-operative BCVA was logMAR 0.57±1.13 (which is almost equivalent to 6/21) and improved to logMAR 0.37±0.43 (which is almost equivalent to 6/12) excluding one patient with chronic RRD with band keratopathy. Post-op complications include raised intraocular pressure, cystoid macular oedema, hyphaema, and wound leak. However, all complications were not severe and responded to topical eyedrops. In conclusion, STFIOL insertion technique is safe and works well to restore vision in majority of patients operated with this technique.
HURÛFÎ-BEKTÂŞÎ ŞAİR ARŞÎ’NİN ŞİİRLERİNDE HZ. ALİ ALGISI
Authors: ASLAN Murat
Published: April 2021

Hurûfîlik 14. yüzyılın sonlarında İran’da ortaya çıkmış; ancak Timurluların baskısı sebebiyle Hindistan, Mısır, Suriye, Irak ve Anadolu’ya yayılmıştır. Hurûfîliğin kurucusu Fazlullah Esterâbâdî’nin halifelerinden Aliyyü’l-A’lâ ve Nesîmî tarafından Anadolu’da öğretilen Hurûfîlik, kısa zamanda Bektâşîlik ile kaynaşmaya başlamıştır. Osmanlı coğrafyasında Hurûfîlere yönelik tepkiler siyasî bir boyut kazanınca Hurûfîlik Balkanlara doğru bir yayılma göstermiş ve Bektâşîlik ile yeni bir senteze gitmiştir. 16-17. yüzyıl şairlerinden Arşî, Hurûfî-Bektâşî şairlerden biridir. Muhtemelen Tire’de doğup Arnavutluk’ta bulunan Ergirikasrı kasabasındaki bir Bektâşî tekkesinde Muhîtî’ye bağlanan Arşî, şeyhi ölünce onun yerine posta oturmuştur. Şeyhi Muhîtî gibi kendisi de bir şair olan Arşî, Hurûfî inançlarını dile getiren manzumeler kaleme almıştır. Bu manzumelerde –Hurûfîlik kadar olmasa da- Bektâşîlik etkileri de görülmektedir. Hz. Ali hem Hurûfîlerde hem de Bektâşîlerde oldukça önemli bir kişidir. Hurûfîliğin esası tevil ilmidir. Hurûfîlerce kutsal kabul edilen ve Hurûfîlik inancının kurucusu Fazlullah Esterâbâdî’ye ait olan Câvidânnâme adlı eseri Türkçe’ye çeviren Hurûfî-Bektâşî Derviş Murtazâ’ya göre bu ilim, esasen Hz. Ali’nin ilmidir. Dolayısıyla Hurûfîlere göre bu inancın temelinde Hz. Ali’nin ilmi bulunmaktadır. Bektâşîliğe göre ise Hz. Ali ve ehl-i beyt sevgisi, Bektâşîlik tarikatının esas unsurlarındandır. Bu makalede, Hurûfîlik ve Bektâşîlik münasebetleri bağlamında Arşî Divanı’ndaki Hz. Ali algısı incelenmektedir. Bunun için Arşî Divanı’ndaki ilgili beyitler tespit edilmiş, Hurûfîlik ve Bektâşîlik ile ilgili olanlar konularına göre ayrılmış, ardından şerh edilmiştir. Nihayet, ulaşılan bulgulardan hareketle Hurûfî-Bektâşî şair Arşî’nin şiirlerinde Hz. Ali algısı ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır.
İHSAN OKTAY ANAR’IN “GALÎZ KAHRAMAN”INDA ERKEKLİKLER
Authors: ZAMBAK Ferda
Published: April 2021

İhsan Oktay Anar’ın Galîz Kahraman adlı eseri, anlatıcının toplumsal hayata dair eleştirilerinin ironik bir üslupla ifade edildiği bir romandır. Kurgusu itibariyle gerçek ile düş arasındaki çok katmanlı yapısı ve postmodern anlatıcının yapı bozucu tavrı, romandaki erkeklik eleştirisini kimi kez ironik söylemlerin arkasına saklar. Oysa romanda öne çıkarılan sosyal meselelerin yanında kadın ve erkek karakterlerin kurgulanışındaki sıra dışılıklar, romanın toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri bağlamında okurlarına işaret etmek istediği meselelerin olduğuna işaret eder.
Romanda erkek karakterlerin toplumsal yaşamda güç kazanarak iktidar hâline gelmek istemeleri, arzu ettikleri kadınları etkilemek endişesi ekseninde ortaya çıkar. Anlatıcı bu arzunun esiri olan erkeklikleri ironik bir şekilde eleştirir ve bunu, onları hileli rekabet oyunları içerisinde sadece erkeklerle değil kadınlarla da karşı karşıya getirerek yapar. Böylece ataerkil erkekliğin devamlılığını sağlayan haz ve hâkimiyet merkezli vaatlere dönük eleştirilerin de bu karşılaşma alanları üzerinden kurgulandığı görülür. Bu durum erkeklik eleştirisinin erkekler arasında seyreden yapısını bozduğu gibi anlatıcının kadınları bu eleştirinin öznesi haline getirmek isteyen tavrını açığa çıkarır. Nitekim anlatıda kadın karakterlerin azlığına rağmen onların, eril arzuyu ve tahakkümü yerinden eden görünüm ve davranışları ataerkil ideolojiye getirilen bir eleştiri niteliği taşır.
Çalışmada romandaki erkeklik biçimleri, bir yandan erkekler arası hileli mücadele alanları diğer yandan kadınların onlar karşısındaki tutumları etrafında analiz edilecektir. Ayrıca toplumun farklı kesimlerindeki erkeklik temsillerine yer verilen romanda, erkekliğe yapılan atıfların değişkenliği üzerinde durulacak ve çarpık yapıları üreten düşünce şekillerine yakından bakılmaya çalışılacaktır.
Evaluation of nutritional composition and chemical composition of Bitlis herby cheese according to standards
Authors: Oğur Seda , Duruk Merve
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada Bitlis ilinde iki farklı yöntemle (salamura ve basma) geleneksel olarak üretilen otlu peynirlerin besin kompozisyonunun ve kimyasal bileşiminin saptanması ve belirlenen kalite parametrelerinin farklı standartlara (Türk Standartları Enstitüsü (TSE) otlu peynir standardı (TS 13205), Türk Patent Enstitüsü (TPE) Van otlu peyniri coğrafi işaret (No: 405) ve Türk Gıda Kodeksi (TGK) peynir tebliği) göre değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Numunelerin kuru madde, kül, yağ, protein ve tuz miktarları ile enerji değerleri belirlendikten sonra yağ ve tuz miktarının kuru maddedeki değerleri ile yağsız peynir kitlesindeki nem oranı (PYKN) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Bitlis otlu peynir numunelerinin nem miktarının TSE otlu peynir standardına uygun olduğu, basma peynir numunelerinin kuru madde ve yağ miktarının TPE Van otlu peynir coğrafi işaret tescilinde belirtilen üst değerden daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Numunelerin (ikisi hariç) enerji değerlerinin TPE Van otlu peynir coğrafi işaret tescilinde belirtilen ortalama değerden yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Basma peynir numunelerinin (biri hariç) TGK peynir tebliğinde belirtilen PYKN değerlerine göre yarı sert peynir kategorisine girdiği bulunmuştur. Bitlis otlu peynirinin yağ, protein ve enerji değerleri açısından besinsel değerinin oldukça yüksek olduğu saptanmış, ancak kalite parametrelerinin değişkenlik göstermesi sebebiyle modern, endüstriyel ve standart üretim yönteminin geliştirilmesinin ve uygulanmasının oldukça önemli olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
STUDIES ON THE QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF AFRICAN OSTRICH HAM WITH VEGETABLE ENZYMES
Authors: Israelian V. M. , Shtonda O. A.
Published: April 2021

Expanding the food products range is one of the most promising challenges in the food industry today. The production of whole meat products has always determined the technological level of the enterprise, reflecting its ability to improve consumer nutrition. Using the same type of raw meat, by changing the modes and conditions of its preparation, impact on the tissue structure, directional autolysis and variation of thermal processes, they produce products with different nutritional characteristics. Research of chemical composition has established that penetration of salting active substances into the meat fabrics and their interaction with proteins changes physical and chemical composition of a product, determining the basic properties of salted meat (swelling, consistence, viscosity, etc.). Change in meat proteins during salting is accompanied by an increase in bound moisture in the product and causes an increase in a product yield. The protein content in the control sample is 26.17 %, in the experimental samples № 1, 2 - 26,88 -27,64 % due to the introduction of a functional additive and plant enzyme papain, which has a positive effect on the taste of the developed semi-finished products and makes them more juicy. Organoleptic evaluation of products is important in determining the quality of meat products, since a person's reaction depends on the appearance, color, smell, taste, consistency of the finished product. It has been established that organoleptic characteristics of meat products vary depending on the chemical composition, product, degree of biochemical changes (meat maturation), technological processing (cooking, smoking, etc.), the use of spices, food and flavorings. Results of the study on the organoleptic parameters show that the use of the enzyme papain improves the taste and aroma, as the experimental sample differs from the control one with increased juiciness and tenderness, without foreign odors and tastes.
Pengaruh sudut kemiringan dan arah penempatan terhadap daya keluaran pada modul panel surya
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Wirajati IGAB , Natha I Made Agus Kusuma ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali
Published: April 2021

Energi surya adalah sumber energi yang bisa disebut sangat berlimpah-ruah keadaannya, bersih, bebas dari polusi, dan tidak akan habis sepanjang masa. Panel surya merupakan suatu alat yang mampu mengkonversi energi surya menjadi energi listrik. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai maksimum dari sudut kemiringan 0o, 15o, 30o, 45o dan untuk mengetahui nilai maksimum pada penempatan dengan arah mata angin utara, selatan, timur, dan barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengujian langsung pada sebuah perangkat modul sistem panel surya jenis polikristal 100 Wp, solar charge controller model SC-30DD, baterai 12V/100A, inverter 220V/1000W. Pengujian dilakukan pada hari yang berbeda dengan variasi sudut kemiringan panel surya dan arah mata angin. Adapun parameter yang diamati meliputi intensitas radiasi matahari, temperatur modul fotovoltaik, temperatur lingkungan, kelembaban relatif udara, tegangan dan arus keluar panel surya, arus beban AC dan arus beban DC terhadap waktu. Nilai daya maksimum keluaran yang didapatkan berdasarkan sudut kemiringan dengan kombinasi arah mata angin adalah sebesar 30° arah Utara. Sedangkan sudut kemiringan 15° merupakan sudut yang memberikan nilai daya paling besar.
Evaluation of seasonality in the diagnosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma in Turkey
Authors: BAKIRTAŞ Mehmet , UNCU ULU Bahar , BAŞCI Semih , DARÇIN Tahir , YILDIZ Jale , SEÇİLMİŞ Sema , ŞAHİN Derya , İSKENDER Dicle , BAYSAL Nuran Ahu , MERDİN Alparslan , BATGİ Hikmetullah , YİĞENOĞLU Tuğçe Nur , KIZIL ÇAKIR Merih , DAL Sinan , ALTUNTAŞ Fevzi
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Aetiology of DLBCL is unknown: several environmental and genetical factors might have a role. Here, we aimed to determine the relationship between the diagnosis time of DLBCL and seasons.
Methods: A total of 369 DLBCL patients, diagnosed in our centre were included in the study. Data related to gender, age and time of diagnosis were analysed retrospectively.
Results: Median age of patients with DLBCL included in the study was 61 (range 16–81). The number of female patients were 178 (48.2%) and 191 (51.8%) were male. The months when patients were diagnosed with DLBCL are shown in table 1, and seasons are shown in table 2. There was no relationship between the season of diagnosis time and DLBCL incidence (p: 0,805).
Conclusion: We could not find a relationship between diagnosis time of DLBCL and seasons. This can be explained by the fact that the diagnosis of DLBCL displays a homogeneous distribution throughout the year due to a number of factors playing roles in the ethiopathogenesis of DLBCL.
Multidimensional assessment of ınteroceptive awareness (MAIA 2): psychometric properties of the Turkish version
Authors: ÖZPINAR Saliha , DUNDER Emre , DEMİR Yaşar , AKYOL Melih
Published: April 2021

Aim: Interoception, defined as the perception of internal bodily changes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Turkish validity and reliability study of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness) Scale (MAIA 2 developed by William Mehling et al. (2018).

Material and Method: The research is methodological. Research data was collected between April 2020 and May 2020 (N= 400). Forward and backward translation were used to translate the MAIA-2 into Turkish. We conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to analyze the psychometrics of the MAIA-2 in a 70:30 split sample. Statistical analysis were done with R Project.

Results: The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value (KMO=0.910) was acceptable, and there exists a significant correlation structure with Bartlett’s test of sphericity (χ2=5134.120, p 0.60). Standardized loadings were positive and >0.40 with significant results (p