bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise Epidemiológica a respeito da incidência de Meningite asséptica entre 2006-2012 no Brasil
Authors: Vernizzi Camilla Caramaschi , Vallim Giulia Bisognin , Fonseca Marina Costa , Vitte Sofia Helena , Baiardi Vinícius Cesar Silva , Parreira Walquiria Pedra
Published: January 2023

Meningite asséptica é definida como uma inflamação meníngea não relacionada com um processo infeccioso no líquido cerebrorraquidiano (LCR). Pode-se apresentar febre, dor de cabeça, endurecimento da nuca e alteração do estado mental. Apesar da diferença diagnóstica clara, a hospitalização e tratamento com antibióticos de amplo espectro de crianças com meningite asséptica é frequente e se torna causa de estresse parental e aumento dos gastos em saúde. O presente estudo configura-se como estudo epidemiológico, ecológico, do tipo descritivo, retrospectivo e de análise quantitativa, que objetivou compreender o número de casos confirmados de meningite asséptica no estado de São Paulo no período entre 2006 e 2012 e sua comparação com o número de casos registrados no Brasil, correlacionando idade e sexo da população afetada. Para isso, coletou-se dados por meio do aplicativo TABNET do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS),o que demonstrou que, quando comparado com as outras unidades de federação, São Paulo foi o Estado que apresentou a maior incidência de meningite asséptica ao longo do período estudado, seguido pelo Estado do Paraná,em 2006, com 25% dos casos e encerrando o período estudado com 6% dos casos totais. Pôde-se notar uma tendência declinante do número de casos infantis registrados nesse período à nível de Brasil. Como perspectiva para o futuro, tem-se a expectativa de que novos estudos envolvendo dados secundário possam trazer um quadro de maior visualização de surtos de meningite, com políticas públicas implementadas no aspecto de prevenção e tratamento da mesma.
Mecanismos associados à possível transmissão vertical do SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Rodrigues Débora de Sousa , Fernandes Cleverson Rodrigues
Published: January 2023

A gravidez associada a infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 pode ser letal para mãe e para o feto, e a prematuridade é mais frequente em pacientes infectadas. Entretanto, a possível transmissão vertical ainda é um assunto divergente no meio científico, onde a veracidade e os possíveis mecanismos ainda não estão completamente estabelecidos. Realizamos uma revisão sistemática, previamente registrada na OSF (https://osf.io/ybt8x/?view_only=b62dc26ca157432dabcc56d40f9cc32a), por meio de descritores DeCS/MeSH e operadores booleanos, nas bases de dados Embase, PubMed e Web of Science, com a seleção pela triagem e leitura do texto completo, objetivando avaliar a ocorrência da transmissão vertical, com foco no desfecho. Constatamos que a expressão do receptor 2 da enzima conversora de angiotensina (ACE2) na interface materno-fetal envolvendo a placenta e a decídua, ainda que mínima, expõe uma situação em que o SARS-CoV-2 pode invadir, danificar e aumentar a permeabilidade placentária, resultando no acometimento infeccioso do feto. A transmissão, quando presente, não é dependente direta da gravidade da progressão da doença, mesmo havendo associação da positividade de IgM anti-SARS-CoV-2 com as anormalidades placentárias e a gravidade da doença materna. Concluímos que há possibilidade de transmissão vertical, ainda que haja controvérsia entre os autores e, também, ressaltam a potencialização das respostas de anticorpos das vacinas, expondo resultados positivos para as gestantes e, até mesmo, para o feto.
Music as an important tool in working with chemical dependents hospitalized to a CAPS AD in the Distrito Federal: experience report
Authors: Siqueira Gustavo de Jesus , Rodrigues Alissandra Alves
Published: January 2023

A reforma psiquiátrica trouxe uma nova perspectiva de cuidado às pessoas com transtorno mental no Brasil. Com a proposta de reduzir o isolamento e internações em hospitais psiquiátricos, surgem os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial, abrindo espaço para o trabalho interdisciplinar focado na reabilitação psicossocial e isso inclui indivíduos em sofrimento mental devido ao uso de substâncias químicas. É neste contexto que as oficinas e grupos terapêuticos funcionam como ferramentas que podem auxiliar os usuários no manejo dos prejuízos causados por algum transtorno mental e maximizar as potencialidades que facilitam um melhor desempenho psíquico e social. Esse relato de experiência conta sobre a vivência de um psicólogo residente que participou de um grupo de música realizado em um CAPS AD III do Distrito Federal com indivíduos dependentes químicos que estavam na internação desse serviço, e tem como objetivo, evidenciar a importância da música como ferramenta de trabalho com estes indivíduos abrindo discussão sobre as possibilidades da música no cuidado aos usuários dos serviços de saúde mental.
Chemoenzymatic glycoengineering to study and remodel the N-glycocalyx
Authors:   , van Beek Rosa Joanna
Published: January 2023

Glycosylation is a prevalent, yet heterogeneous post translational modification of proteins with a broad range of implications in molecular biology. The heterogeneity and non-template driven nature of glycans and glycoconjugates makes them challenging to study. However, the advent of techniques like glycomics, glycoproteomics and glycoengineering have revolutionized the field of glycobiology as a fast-growing and promising research area. Emerging biochemical glycoengineering and enrichment tools, developments in MS fragmentation methods and detection software continuously open new possibilities to study glycans and glycoconjugates and make glycan research more available for the broader research community.
In this dissertation we combined existing and newly developed glycomics, glycoproteomics and glycoengineering techniques to study and engineer cell-surface N-glycosylation in the context of genetic glycosylation defects and the evolution of receptor recognition in influenza A/H3N2 viruses.
Diagnostic challenges of venous thromboembolism in primary care
Authors:   , van Maanen Rosanne
Published: January 2023

Diagnosing venous thromboembolism (VTE) is often difficult for general practitioners (GPs) because symptoms can mimic other less life-threatening diseases. GPs can use clinical decision rules to determine whom has a high or low risk of VTE. Nevertheless, there is room for improvement in the diagnostic management of VTE.

In the thesis we described challenges in diagnosing VTE. With a systematic review and meta-analysis we showed that there is on average 6.3 days of delay between start of symptoms and the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). In another study we showed that when decision rules for VTE are correctly used in daily primary care, few (1.5%) diagnoses are missed (safety) and that the majority (58%) of patients suspected of VTE do not need to be referred (efficiency). However, in nearly a quarter of patients, decision rules are incorrectly applied, leading to a higher failure rate and lower efficiency.

Interestingly, we could show that the diagnostic accuracy of physicians' intuitive assessment of the presence of PE was good. Based on an analysis of multiple international studies including in total 20,770 patients suspected of PE, we showed that the accuracy of this intuitive estimation remained stable in different patient types and in different healthcare settings.

Finally, the PECAN study evaluated in primary care the YEARS algorithm, a clinical decision rule for PE developed in the hospital setting. The study showed that the YEARS algorithm was as safe as the existing rule, but more efficient with as a result less unnecessary referrals.
ASSESSING INTEGRITY AT WORK: DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE OCCUPATIONAL INTEGRITY SCALE
Authors: SEITL MARTIN , KAFETSIOS KONSTANTINOS , SCHNEIDEROVÁ KRISTÝNA , DOSTÁL DANIEL , KRÁM TOMÁŠ , DOMINIK TOMÁŠ
Published: January 2023

Interest in the diagnostics of integrity by work and organizational psychology researchers and practitioners alike has been steadily increasing. In two studies we report results on the development of the Occupational Integrity Scale (OIS), a novel, openly available scale. The first study tested the psychometric properties of the OIS in a sample of 870 adult public education employees. The second study replicated the factor structure of the OIS in a sample of 147 company employees and tested the validity against self-reported Big Five and supervisor-reported employee CWB two months later. A three-factor solution was identified. The OIS demonstrated consistent relationships with personality criteria and limited associations to supervisor assessment of CWB.
SOCIAL INTEGRATION OF YOUNG ADULTS LEAVING INSTITUTIONAL CARE: PERSONAL EXPERIENCES
Authors: DANĚK ALOIS
Published: January 2023

The beginning of an independent life is a challenging time for every young person. Some, however, struggle at the beginning difficult because of release from an institutional environment. The main aim of the paper is to find out to what extent they are able to adapt to the conditions of contemporary society. To achieve the goals, we used a qualitative research design based on intensive contact with the investigated environment. Data obtained from interviews, observations and pedagogical documentation were processed using grounded theory, interpretative phenomenological analysis and narrative analysis. The results obtained confirm the fact that young individuals leaving institutional care facilities are at risk of social exclusion and the possible emergence of negative patterns of behaviour. Respondents identify the lack of follow-up support as a significant problem. The outputs of our research offer incentives for the modification of special pedagogical work in children’s homes, especially when preparing young adults for their transition period.
USAGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON SOCIAL MEDIA IN EUROPE
Authors: KALINOVÁ EVA
Published: January 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming more common in our daily life. One of the biggest segments of AI is used in business. Technologies are changing at a rapid pace and in unpredictable ways. The research was done by systematic literature of the most recent (2020-2022) academic articles from the database Scopus covering the usage of AI on social media. Dividing the find articles based on chosen criteria into categories such as social media platforms used for research and general AI usage on social media. The results show that the implementation of AI will become more and more inevitable for its variety of use on social media, like chatbots, detecting harmful behaviour, data analysis and strategy making.
MAPPING CURRENT STATE IN THE FIELD OF PREDICTION METHODS OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ACROSS INDUSTRIES
Authors: HAŠKOVÁ SIMONA , KUČERA JIŘÍ , KUCHÁR RÓBERT
Published: January 2023

The results of the prediction of business and economic characteristics provide valuable information to stakeholders (business owners and managers, investors, and shareholders). The aim of the paper is to provide a comprehensive overview on methods applied in practice for predicting significant business and economic variables. The research is structured into selected key industries for most of the world's economies. An extensive literary review of the scientific papers published over the last decade revealed that the most used prediction methods include ANN, GARCH combined with ARIMA. These are the methods strong enough to capture the specifics of the industries for the economic and business prediction purposes. The LS-SVM and ARIMA methods are used separately to a lesser extent. The other methods were used mainly for the purpose of vali-dation of their predicting applicability.
Analisis Penanganan Longsoran Pada Bangunan Pelimpah Bendungan Ciawi
Authors: Anisa Nur Alvi , Sriyana Ignatius , Darsono Suseno
Published: January 2023

The shallow landslide on the left slope of the Ciawi Dam spillway occurred in June 2020. The landslide occurred gradually and disrupted the progress of the dam construction. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the stability of the slope and determine the safe number of the slope then providing recommendations for proper handling. The method used in this study is the limit equilibrium method with the SLOPE/W geostudio program which is run in two methods of determining safety factor, Bishop and Fellenius/Ordinary. Based on the results of the stability analysis, the safety factor is 0.915 for Bishop method and 0.852 for Ordinary method. The first attempt at handling the slopes was to reduce the slope, but this effort did not provide a significant increase in the number of safety factor. The next handling is to use the reinforcement of 3 borepiles with a depth of 35 m, 40 m, and 45 m with a distance between the piles of 40 mm with a shear strength of 150 kN. This effort provides a safety factor number of 1.754 Bishop's method and 1.546 Ordinary’s method with the result that it meets the safety requirements of slope reinforcement.
Rasionalisasi Pos Curah Hujan Menggunakan Metode Kagan di DAS Ciliwung untuk Operasi Bendungan Ciawi dan Sukamahi
Authors: Mustain Propezite Nurhutama , Wulandari Dyah Ari , Nugroho Hari , Suripin Suripin
Published: January 2023

Hydrological stations are an important element in order to provide preliminary information to dam managers in planning and managing dams. Rainfall data generated from rainfall stations is one of the inputs in hydrological analysis that can be used in dam management. To support the hydrological analysis, an appropriate network of rainfall stations is needed, both in terms of the number and location of rainfall stations. Therefore, it is necessary to study the rationalization of the hydrological station network within the Ciliwung Watershed, so that it can be utilized in dam operations. The purpose of this study is to obtain an efficient and effective network of rainfall stations in the Ciliwung watershed to support the operation of the Ciawi and Sukamahi Dams. In this case, the Kagan method was used in the analysis of the rationalization of the rainfall station network by producing the optimum number of rainfall stations in the Ciliwung watershed, that is 29 rainfall stations. Based on these results, the number of rainfall stations in the Ciliwung watershed has met in terms of number, but the location point needs to be adjusted to the Kagan triangle.
Perilaku Berkendara Dampak Penerapan Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement (ETLE) Pada Simpang Bersinyal di Kota Pangkalpinang
Authors: Safitri Revy , Fahri Muhammad , Arlianda Reza
Published: January 2023

Bangka Belitung Province is one of the provinces implementing ETLE to reduce the number of traffic violations. The implementation of ETLE in Bangka Belitung Province has been applied since March 2022 which has given an impact on changes in driver behavior. Driving behavior can be said to be the reaction of the driver/ rider to the environment when driving a vehicle. Based on previous research, it is known that driving behavior can be measured through the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ). Therefore, this study adopts DBQ to measure changes in driving behavior due to the implementation of ETLE in Pangkalpinang. This study aims to find out how the behavior of driver using the road after the application of Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement (ETLE) at signalized intersections in Pangkalpinang. The result indicates that driver/ rider “have almost never committed a violation by not wearing a safety belt while driving” and “have almost never using a cell phone while driving or when the vehicle is stopped at an intersection when the traffic light is red since the implementation of ETLE”. It can be concluded that the results of the analysis of violations recorded on ETLE are in line with the results of the analysis of driving behavior. However, further analysis is needed to determine the significant impact of implementing ETLE on driving behavior. The application of ETLE is expected to reduce violations that can trigger traffic accidents. Furthermore, the results of this study can be used as a basis for determining policies related to the transportation sector, especially improving traffic safety.
Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome in the Elderly: Does Age of Onset Make a Difference?
Authors: Manzo Ciro , Maslinska Maslinska
Published: January 2023

Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a relatively common disease and one of the most common rheumatic diseases of autoimmune and inflammatory origin. It is primarily associated with symptoms of dryness, mainly in the mouth and eyes, but it can also manifest in the internal organs. Epidemiological studies have highlighted that elderly-onset pSS (EOpSS) is common, and it is known that sicca syndrome is a feature often observed in the elderly and can be induced by several factors. However, the presence of autoantibodies in older patients with sicca syndrome can be age-related and does not mean pSS is present. This review article presents the most important elements for making a correct diagnosis of EOpSS and considers clinical and/or laboratory differences between older and younger pSS patients. According to data from the literature, EOpSS is not a distinct subset of disease when compared with younger-onset pSS.
Türkiye’de Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Kampanyalarının Finansmanı
Authors: EKİZCELEROĞLU Rengül
Published: January 2023

Türkiye’de 2017 yılında yapılan kapsamlı Anayasa değişiklikleri ile uzun yıllardır Meclis tarafından seçilen cumhurbaşkanının artık halk tarafından seçileceği düzenlenmiş ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemine geçilmiştir. Türkiye’de ilk kez 2014 ve ikinci kez 2018 yıllarında Cumhurbaşkanı halk tarafından seçilmiştir.
Seçimlerin gerçek anlamıyla demokratik olabilmesi için her şeyden önce ‘özgür ve adil’ olmaları gerekmektedir. Seçimlerin ‘özgür ve adil’ olması kavram öbeği oldukça kapsamlı bir içerik barındırır. Çeşitli uluslararası kuruluşlar bu hususta çok sayıda kıstaslar geliştirmiştir. Bu kıstasların önemli bir kısmı ise seçimlerin finansmanına ilişkindir. Türkiye’de Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimlerinin finansmanı konusunda çeşitli hukuksal düzenlemeler yapılmışsa da halen oldukça sorunlu alanlar bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Cumhurbaşkanı adaylarının seçim kampanyalarının finansmanına ilişkin hukuksal düzenlemelerdeki eksikliklerin uluslararası standartlar ışığında değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimlerinde adayların seçim kampanyalarında kullandıkları gelirler, yaptıkları harcamalar ve bunların mali denetimi konuları incelenmektedir
The Postcolonial Little Prince: A Comparative Analysis of Saint-Exupéry's The Little Prince and Other Works
Authors: Nabipour Pouyan
Published: January 2023

This study sets out to investigate the underlying colonial overtones in Saint-Exupéry's The Little Prince. A comparative analysis of The Little Prince along with other writings of Saint-Exupéry's, especially his Wind, Sand and Stars, suggests that this story is a reimagining of certain incidents which Saint-Exupéry recounted in his biographical works, here revised and given symbolic metamorphosis. This paper identifies these transmutations and, through analysis of the symbolic structure of the story, explains how French imperialist and orientalist sentiments are manifested in this story, set against the socio-political climate of the North African region in the early twentieth century. The investigation draws upon theoretical discussions by Edward Said, Homi Bhabha, and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, among others; meanwhile, I try to underline the ambivalent nature of both orientalist and humanist tendencies in Saint-Exupéry's works. The findings of this article indicate, yet again, the paramount importance of the postcolonial approach to canonical children's literature, which can help open a new dialogue through which power structures and transcendental humanistic claims in children's literature could be scrutinised.
Foreword to NEJLT Volume 8, 2022
Authors: Derczynski Leon
Published: January 2023

An introduction to the Northern European Journal of Language Technology in 2022
Nya villkor för ett gammalt problem
Authors: Pålsson David , Lundström Tommy , Sallnäs Marie
Published: January 2023

New conditions for an old problem: foster care recruitment in an era of privatisation and professionalisation

Foster care is the most common intervention for children who are placed in out-of-home care. At the same time, there are recurrent discussions about difficulties in recruiting foster homes. The preconditions for recruitment have changed and today, there is an increased competition for foster homes between municipalities and private businesses, stricter requirements placed on foster parents and changes in the needs of children placed in care. The aim of the article is to analyse the recruitment of foster homes in light of these changed preconditions. Empirically, the article is based on a survey targeting Swedish municipalities. The findings show, that although a majority of the municipalities have employees particularly responsible for recruitment, small municipalities often lack such resources. Further on, almost three quarters of the municipalities state that it is difficult or very difficult to recruit foster homes. For example, answers to the survey’s open questions demonstrate that competition from other municipalities and private companies affects recruitment. Further on, the municipality’s reputation is considered an important factor for attracting new foster homes. Finally, it appears to be difficult for municipalities to recruit a varied supply of foster homes and, in particular, homes that can care for children with special needs. The findings are discussed in relation to previous international and Swedish research. Finally, suggestions regarding how recruitment may be improved are presented.
Professorsinstallation 2021
Authors: Alakoski Susanna
Published: January 2023

Det är en stor sak. Att tilldelas ett hedersuppdrag. I en tid då ämnet humaniora, som sådant, på sina håll, tycks vara angripet av svartmögel, bestämmer sig Linköpings universitet för att satsa stort på det. Därav två nyinstiftade gästprofessurer, en i Moa Martinssons namn, en i Tage Danielssons. 
Kan bara säga, tack.
Älskar det.
Ny avhandling
Authors: Lundberg Anna
Published: January 2023

Emma Sundkvist (2022) Human rights as law, language, and space-making: women’s rights movement in post-revolutionary Egypt. Lunds universitet.
A nonlinear associations of metabolic score for insulin resistance index with incident diabetes: A retrospective Chinese cohort study
Authors: Chen Zhuangsen , Huang Caiyan , Zhou Zhongyu , Zhang Yanrong , Xu Mingyan , Tang Yingying , Fan Lei , Feng Kun
Published: January 2023

Background

The Metabolic score of insulin resistance (METS-IR) has recently been accepted as a reliable alternative to insulin resistance (IR), which was demonstrated to be consistent with the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Few pieces of research have focused on the relationship between METS-IR and diabetes in Chinese. The purpose of this research was to explore the effect of METS-IR on new-onset diabetes in a large multicenter Chinese study.

Methods

At the baseline of this retrospective longitudinal research, 116855 participators were included in the Chinese cohort study administered from 2010 to 2016. The subjects were stratified by quartiles of METS-IR. To assess the effect of METS-IR on incident diabetes, the Cox regression model was constructed in this study. Stratification analysis and interaction tests were applied to detect the potential effect of METS-IR and incident diabetes among multiple subgroups. To verify whether there was a dose-response relationship between METS-IR and diabetes, a smooth curve fitting was performed. In addition, to further determine the performance of METS -IR in predicting incident diabetes, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was conducted.

Results

The average age of the research participators was 44.08 ± 12.93 years, and 62868 (53.8%) were men. METS-IR were significant relationship with new-onset diabetes after adjusting for possible variables (Hazard ratio [HR]: 1.077; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.073-1.082, P < 0.0001), the onset risk for diabetes in Quartile 4 group was 6.261-fold higher than those in Quartile 1 group. Moreover, stratified analyses and interaction tests showed that interaction was detected in the subgroup of age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose, there was no significant interaction between males and females. Furthermore, a dose-response correlation was detected between METS-IR and incident diabetes, the nonlinear relationship was revealed and the inflection point of METS-IR was calculated to be 44.43. When METS-IR≥44.43, compared with METS-IR < 44.43, the trend was gradually saturated, with log-likelihood ratio test P < 0.001. Additionally, the area under receiver operating characteristic of the METS-IR in predicting incident diabetes was 0.729, 0.718, and 0.720 at 3, 4, and 5 years, respectively.

Conclusions

METS-IR was correlated with incident diabetes significantly, and showed a nonlinear relationship. This study also found that METS-IR had good discrimination of diabetes.
Correlation between stem cell molecular phenotype and atherosclerotic plaque neointima formation and analysis of stem cell signal pathways
Authors: Shi Chuanxin , Zhang Kefan , Zhao Zhenyu , Wang Yifan , Xu Haozhe , Wei Wei
Published: January 2023

Vascular stem cells exist in the three-layer structure of blood vessel walls and play an indispensable role in angiogenesis under physiological conditions and vascular remodeling under pathological conditions. Vascular stem cells are mostly quiescent, but can be activated in response to injury and participate in endothelial repair and neointima formation. Extensive studies have demonstrated the differentiation potential of stem/progenitor cells to repair endothelium and participate in neointima formation during vascular remodeling. The stem cell population has markers on the surface of the cells that can be used to identify this cell population. The main positive markers include Stem cell antigen-1 (Sca1), Sry-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10). Stromal cell antigen 1 (Stro-1) and Stem cell growth factor receptor kit (c-kit) are still controversial. Different parts of the vessel have different stem cell populations and multiple markers. In this review, we trace the role of vascular stem/progenitor cells in the progression of atherosclerosis and neointima formation, focusing on the expression of stem cell molecular markers that occur during neointima formation and vascular repair, as well as the molecular phenotypic changes that occur during differentiation of different stem cell types. To explore the correlation between stem cell molecular markers and atherosclerotic diseases and neointima formation, summarize the differential changes of molecular phenotype during the differentiation of stem cells into smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, and further analyze the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of stem cells expressing different positive markers participating in intima formation and vascular repair. Summarizing the limitations of stem cells in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases and the pressing issues that need to be addressed, we provide a feasible scheme for studying the signaling pathways of vascular stem cells involved in vascular diseases.
Bioprosthetic valve monitoring in patients with carcinoid heart disease
Authors: Honan Kevin A. , Hassan Saamir , Deswal Anita , Herrmann Joerg , Song Juhee , Monlezun Dominique , Halperin Daniel , Mahvash Armeen , Dasari Arvind , Koutroumpakis Efstratios , Akay Mehmet , Balanescu Dinu-Valentin , de Armas Ismael Salas , Patel Manish , Nathan Sriram , Kar Biswajit , Marmagkiolis Konstantinos , Lopez-Mattei Juan , Patel Jay , Gregoric Igor , Yao James , Iliescu Cezar A.
Published: January 2023

Background

Carcinoid heart disease (CnHD) is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with neuroendocrine tumors and carcinoid syndrome. Although valve replacement surgery appears to decrease all-cause mortality in patients with advanced CnHD, few studies have investigated the outcomes of patients after valve replacement.

Methods

We conducted a multi-institution retrospective registry of patients who received both tricuspid and pulmonic bioprosthetic valve (TV/PV) replacements for advanced CnHD from November 2005 to March 2021. Patients were followed post-operatively with echocardiographic studies every 3 months. Carcinoid valvular heart disease scores were used to monitor valve degeneration. Neuroendocrine tumor treatment, their administration times, and associations with echocardiographic findings were recorded.

Results

Of 87 patients with CnHD, 22 patients underwent simultaneous surgical TV and PV replacement. In 6 patients (27.3%), increased PV Vmax was the first echocardiographic manifestation of valve degeneration in the setting of occult neurohormonal release. Post-operative telotristat ethyl and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy appeared to stabilize PV Vmax. The PV Vmax showed consistent elevation in the entire patient population when compared to baseline, while bioprosthetic TV echocardiographic parameters were relatively unchanged throughout. Post-operative warfarin therapy did not affect the rate of PV degeneration, and no major bleeding was recorded during or after post-operative anticoagulation therapy.

Conclusion

Bioprosthetic valve degeneration is common in CnHD. Monitoring with echocardiographic studies every 3 months, focusing on PV velocities, could identify patients with occult disease that very likely promotes valve degeneration. Novel neuroendocrine tumor therapies may have a beneficial impact on valve degeneration.
Rate of atrial fibrillation and flutter induced tachycardiomyopathy in a cohort of hospitalized patients with heart failure and detection of indicators for improved diagnosis
Authors: Ermert Lynn , Kreimer Fabienne , Quast Daniel R. , Pflaumbaum Andreas , Mügge Andreas , Gotzmann Michael
Published: January 2023

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) induced tachycardiomyopathy (TCM) has been known to cause reversible heart failure (HF) for many years. However, the prevalence of the disease is unknown, and diagnosis is challenging. Therefore, the aim of the present study was (1) to assess the rate of AF/AFL induced TCM and (2) to identify indicators for diagnosis.

Methods

Consecutively, all patients with a diagnosis of HF who were hospitalized in our department within 12 months were reviewed. For the main analysis, all patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and AF or AFL were included. AF/AFL induced TCM was diagnosed when there was at least a 10% improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction under rhythm or rate control within 3 months. Patients with HFrEF with AF/AFL but without TCM served as control group.

Results

A total of 480 patients were included. AF/AFL induced TCM occurred in 26 patients (5.4%) and HFrEF with AF/AFL in 53 patients (11%). Independent indicators of AF/AFL induced TCM were age<79 years [Odds ratio 5.887, confidence interval (CI) 1.999–17.339, p < 0.001], NT-pro-BNP <5,419 pg/mL (Odds ratio 2.327, CI 1.141–4.746, p = 0.004), and a resting heart rate >112 bpm (Odds ratio 2.503, CI 1.288–4.864, p = 0.001).

Conclusion

Approximately 5% of all patients hospitalized for HF suffer from AF/AFL induced TCM. Improved discrimination of AF/AFL induced TCM to HFrEF with AF/AFL is possible considering age, NT-pro-BNP level, and resting heart rate >112 beats/minute. Based on these parameters, an earlier diagnosis and improved therapy might be possible.
Blockchain-enabled access control to prevent cyber attacks in IoT: Systematic literature review
Authors: Singh Rinki , Kukreja Deepika , Sharma Deepak Kumar
Published: January 2023

Internet of Things (IoT) enables communication among objects to collect information and make decisions to improve the quality of life. There are several unresolved security and privacy concerns in IoT due to multiple resource constrained devices, which lead to various cyber attacks. The conventional access control techniques depend on a central authority that further poses privacy and scalability issues in IoT. Various problems with access control in IoT can be resolved to prevent various cyber attacks using the decentralization and immutability properties of the blockchain. This study explored the current research trends in blockchain-enabled secure access control mechanisms and also identifies their applicability in creating reliable access control solutions for IoT. The basic properties of blockchain, such as decentralization, auditability, transparency, and immutability, act as the propulsion that provides integrity and security, disregarding the participation of an external entity. Initially, the application of blockchain was created only for cryptocurrencies but with the introduction of Ethereum, which allows the writiting and execution of smart contracts, applications other than cryptocurrencies are also being created. As various research articles have been written on the usage of different types of blockchains for creating secure access control solutions for IoT, this study intends to find and examine such primary researches as well as come up with a systematic review of various findings. This study perceives the most frequently utilized blockchain for creating blockchain-based access control solutions to prevent various cyber attacks and also discusses the improvement in access control mechanisms using blockchain along with smart contracts in IoT. The present study also discusses the obstacles in building decentralized access control solutions for IoT systems as well as future research areas. For new researchers, this article is a nice place to start and a strong reference point.
NWPP-EDH: Numerical weather prediction products evaporation duct regional prediction model
Authors: Chai Xingyu , Li Jincai , Zhao Jun , Hu Yifan , Zhao Xiaofeng
Published: January 2023

The evaporation duct is a special atmospheric stratification that can affect the propagation path of electromagnetic waves at sea, thus it is crucial for the ability of the radio communication systems. The traditional theoretical models of the evaporation duct often have limited accuracy. The actual observational data from voyages and stations are insufficient, and the existing data-driven evaporation duct height prediction models can only predict a particular point or route but cannot reproduce the regional distribution of the evaporation duct. To address these issues, we propose NWPP-EDH model in this work. The fitting ability of the NWPP-EDH model was tested. Its accuracy was compared with that of the Babin–Young–Carton model, Musson–Gauthier–Bruth model, and the classical Naval Postgraduate School model; compared to these models, the root mean square error (RMSE) of NWPP-EDH model was reduced by 71.8%, 87%, and 60.9%, respectively. Thus, we find that the model shows a better performance than the existing theoretical models.
Climate change and human activity impacts on future flood risk in the Pearl River Delta based on the MaxEnt model
Authors: Zuo Daxing , Wu Chunyi , Zheng Yanhui , Chen Xiaohong , Wang Lina
Published: January 2023

In the background of global climate change and rapid urbanization, extreme climate events are frequent, and highly urbanized areas flooding problems are becoming increasingly prominent. It becomes important to develop qualitative scenario storylines to assess future flooding risk in a changing environment over the highly urbanized areas. In this study, the future (2030–2050) flood risk in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China was assessed based on the MaxEnt model. We have developed four future scenarios under different emission conditions based on the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) and the shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs). The MaxEnt model was trained by using flood hazard sample point data and flood risk indicators, meanwhile, food risk prediction with high accuracy was obtained. We analyzed the influencing factors of flood risk and predicted the flood risk of the PRD under four future scenarios. According to the results, there is a significant increase in the size and proportion of high flood risk areas in most scenarios. Flood risk under scenario SSP5-RCP8.5 are expected to be the most serious in the future. Population density (POPD) and Gross domestic product density (GDPD) have the highest explanatory power for flood risk. This study predict the changes of flood risk under the combined influence of climate change and human activities, and hoped to provide a reference for future planning and disaster mitigation construction in PRD cities.
Studies of natural gas production prediction and risk assessment for tight gas in Sichuan Basin
Authors: Li Haitao , Yu Guo , Fang Yizhu , Chen Yu , Zhang Dongming
Published: January 2023

After a new round of tight gas geological evaluation was launched in 2018, a new chapter of tight gas exploration and development has been opened in the Sichuan Basin. In order to make better planning work, it is very important to study the variation rule and risk assessment of tight gas production. In this paper, the peak production is predicted by Ward model. Based on the prediction results, Hubbert and Gauss models were established to study the variation law of tight gas production, and the accuracy and prediction results of the models were determined by the degree of fitting and correlation coefficient. By studying the relationship between URR and production, it is concluded that the production increases in a step, and the future production of tight gas is simulated from the perspective of realization probability. Finally, the risk assessment matrix is established to study the difficulty degree of achieving the production target. The results are as follows: 1) Hubbert model has higher accuracy in predicting tight gas production change. The peak year of tight gas is 2042, the peak production is (86−106)×108m3/a, and the final URR recovery degree is about 60%. 2) The realization probability of production is calculated, and the possibility of reaching the target value is evaluated from the perspective of risk, so as to guide the production of tight gas, and finally promote the formulation of tight gas development planning in the Sichuan Basin.
Multiple statistical models reveal specific volatile organic compounds affect sex hormones in American adult male: NHANES 2013–2016
Authors: Wei Chengcheng , Cao Li , Zhou Yuancheng , Zhang Wenting , Zhang Pu , Wang Miao , Xiong Ming , Deng Changqi , Xiong Qi , Liu Weihui , He Qingliu , Guo Yihong , Shao Zengwu , Chen Xiaogang , Chen Zhaohui
Published: January 2023

Background

Some VOCs are identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), interfering with the effect of sex hormones. However, no studies focused on the common spectrum of environmental VOCs exposure affecting sex hormones in the average male population.

Objectives

We aimed to explore the association between VOCs and sex hormones in American adult males using multiple statistical models.

Methods

The generalized linear (GLM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), weighted quantile sum (WQS), Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and stratified models were used to evaluate the associations between Specific Volatile Organic Compounds and sex hormones in American adult male from NHANES 2013–2016.

Results

Pearson correlation model revealed the potential co-exposure pattern among VOCs. XGBoost algorithm models and the WQS model suggested the relative importance of VOCs. BKMR models reveal that co-exposure to the VOCs was associated with increased Testosterone (TT), Estradiol (E2), SHBG and decreased TT/E2. GLM models revealed specific VOC exposure as an independent risk factor causing male sex hormones disorders. Stratified analysis identified the high-risk group on the VOCs exposures. We found Blood 2,5-Dimethylfuran in VOCs was the most significant effect on sex hormones in male. Testosterone increased by 213.594 (ng/dL) (124.552, 302.636) and estradiol increased by 7.229 (pg/mL) for each additional unit of blood 2,5-Dimethylfuran (ng/mL).

Conclusion

This study is an academic illustration of the association between VOCs exposure and sex hormones, suggesting that exposure to VOCs might be associated with sex hormone metabolic disorder in American adult males.
Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation parameters are not associated with de novo chromosomal abnormality rates and clinical pregnancy outcomes in preimplantation genetic testing
Authors: Liu Yanli , Shen Junhan , Zhang Yuchao , Peng Rui , Zhao Junliang , Zhou Pengfei , Yang Rujing , Guan Yichun
Published: January 2023

Objective

This study aimed to determine whether controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) parameters influence the incidence of de novo chromosomal abnormalities (> 4 Mb) in blastocysts and, thus, clinical pregnancy outcomes in preimplantation genetic testing (PGT).

Methods

Couples who underwent preimplantation genetic testing for structural chromosome rearrangements (PGT-SR) and monogenic disorders (PGT-M) were included in this study. The relationships of maternal age, paternal age, stimulation protocol, exogenous gonadotropin dosage, duration of stimulation, number of oocytes retrieved and estradiol (E2) levels on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger day with the incidence of de novo chromosomal abnormalities were assessed. Blastocysts were biopsied, and nuclear DNA was sequenced using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Clinical pregnancy outcomes after single euploid blastocyst transfers under different COH parameters were assessed.

Results

A total of 1,710 and 190 blastocysts were biopsied for PGT-SR and PGT-M, respectively. The rate of de novo chromosomal abnormalities was found to increase with maternal age (p< 0.001) and paternal age (p = 0.019) in the PGT-SR group. No significant differences in the incidence of de novo chromosomal abnormalities were seen for different maternal or paternal age groups between the PGT-SR and PGT-M groups (p > 0.05). Stratification analysis by gonadotropin dosage, stimulation protocol, duration of stimulation, number of retrieved oocytes and E2 levels on hCG trigger day revealed that de novo chromosomal abnormalities and clinical pregnancy outcomes were not correlated with COH parameters after adjusting for various confounding factors.

Conclusion

The rate of de novo chromosomal abnormalities was found to increase with maternal or paternal age. COH parameters were found to not influence the incidence of de novo chromosomal abnormalities or clinical pregnancy outcomes.
Association between triglyceride glucose index and risk of cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Huan , Yan Feifei , Cui Yani , Chen Feinan , Wang Guixia , Cui Weiwei
Published: January 2023

Background

Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index as a more convenient and reliable predictor of insulin resistance (IR) is thought to be associated with many diseases, but its relationship with cancer remains unclear.

Methods

The meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of TyG index on cancer risk utilizing the available evidence. PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from their inception up to July 2022. A random-effects model was used to calculate the effect estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

A total of 6 observational studies met our inclusion criteria, which including 992292 participants. The meta-analysis indicated that the higher TyG index increased cancer risk compared to the lower TyG index group (total effect size =1.14, 95% CI [1.08, 1.20], P<0.001).

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis found that higher TyG index may increase the risk of cancer. More prospective cohort studies and basic research are warranted to verify the relationship.
Application of the improved quasi-static coupled probability theory method to transient safety analysis of an experimental facility
Authors: Gao Qingyu , Li Zhifeng , Zhu Yuxiang
Published: January 2023

The accelerator-driven sub-critical system is driven by external neutron sources, which are generated by the spallation reaction and maintain the stable operation of the sub-critical core, while the external neutron source increases the complexity of reactor neutron kinetic processes. This article focuses on simulation analysis of neutron space–time kinetics with a dynamic analysis code, which is developed based on the improved quasi-static approximation and Monte Carlo neutron transport method. The amplitude function and shape functions are solved to achieve the dynamics simulation process. Then, the transient responses of beam interruptions and reactivity insertions are calculated and analyzed for an experimental facility. To further verify the correctness and reliability of dynamic behavior, the simulation results are compared with experimental values, and the results show that the normalized neutron fluxes varying with time are in good agreement with the corresponding values. It can be concluded that the improved quasi-static coupled probability theory method can be used to solve the neutron space–time kinetic problem of the experimental facility, and the results are reliable.
Early fault diagnosis of transformer winding based on leakage magnetic field and DSAN learning method
Authors: Deng Xiangli , Zhang Zhan , Zhu Hongye , Yan Kang
Published: January 2023

Aiming at the problem of lack of training samples and low accuracy in transformer early winding fault diagnosis, this paper proposes a transformer early faults diagnosis method based on transfer learning and leakage magnetic field characteristic quantity. The method uses the leakage magnetic field waveform on the measuring point of the simulated transformer winding to draw the Lissajous figure to calculate the characteristic quantity. The characteristic quantity of the simulation model is used to train the convolutional neural network (CNN) faults classification model. The CNN fault classification model is transferred to the actual transformer fault detection through the improved deep subdomain adaptive network (DSAN), so as to realize the fault diagnosis of the actual transformer by the classification model trained by the simulation data. The test examples of the actual transformer early fault experimental platform and the leakage magnetic field measurement platform are established, and the feasibility of the transfer learning method based on the leakage magnetic field feature quantity proposed in this paper is verified.