bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hazai megyeszékhelyek városi fenntarthatóságának statisztikai alapú elemzése
Authors: Buzási Attila , Szimonetta Jäger Bettina
Published: August 2021

A tanulmány célja a városi fenntarthatóság értékeléséhez használt indikátorkészlet statisztikai vizsgálata egy, a magyarországi megyeszékhelyekhez kapcsolódó adathalmaz példáján keresztül. A városi fenntarthatósági indikátorok analitikai elemzése a nemzetközi szakirodalomban bevett gyakorlat, a hazai kutatások azonban eddig még nem foglalkoztak a statisztikai szempontú értékelésükkel. A szerzők korreláció-, regresszió-, faktor- és klaszteranalízis útján tanulmányozzák ezek, illetve a belőlük számított összevont fenntarthatósági mutatók értékeit. Feltárják a fenntarthatósági és a statisztikai központú elemzések eredményei és szakmai követelményei közötti különbségeket, rávilágítva azokra a módszerekre, amelyek alkalmazása esetén a kétféle megközelítés eltérő eredményt ad. Céljuk a magyarországi szakirodalmi bázis bővítése egy olyan, nemzetközi szinten már aktívan kutatott tudományterületen, ahol a hazai tudományos diskurzus még gyerekcipőben jár.
A csecsemőkori anyatejes táplálás időbeli alakulása és térségi egyenlőtlenségei
Authors: Moravcsik-Kornyicki Ágota , R. Fedor Anita
Published: August 2021

A tanulmány a csecsemők kizárólagos szoptatásának és női tejes táplálásának 1997 és 2019 közötti magyarországi mutatóit elemzi. A szerzők eredményei szerint az első életévüket betöltött gyermekek közül a 4 hónapos korig kizárólag szoptatott/női tejjel táplált csecsemők aránya folyamatosan csökkent 2008-tól 2017-ig (2007: 61,77% vs. 2017: 46,36%); a 6 hónapos korig szoptatottaké/női tejjel tápláltaké 1997-től 2007-ig jelentős mértékben emelkedett (1997: 23,38% vs. 2007: 42,45%), majd kisebb-nagyobb ingadozásokkal egyre alacsonyabb lett (2008: 35,73% vs. 2019: 34,40%). Az egyéves korban még kizárólag szoptatott/női tejjel táplált csecsemők aránya 2004-ben érte el a csúcsot (52,37%), 2019-ben viszont már csak 35,63 százalék volt. Európai viszonylatban Magyarország kiemelkedik az Egészségügyi Világszervezet csecsemőkori táplálási ajánlása szerint elérendő mutatószámokat tekintve, de az utolsó években tapasztalt csökkenő tendencia és a térségi egyenlőtlenségek célzott beavatkozásokat sürgetnek.
The Difficulties of Differential Diagnosis of the Bronchial Obstruction Syndrome
Authors: Demko I. V. , Mamaeva M. G. , Kraposhina A. Yu. , Sobko E. A. , Gordeeva N. V. , Sidorov S. A. , Dyatlovskij V. V.
Published: August 2021

Bronchial obstructive syndrome is a violation of bronchial patency of functional or organic origin, which is manifested by shortness of breath, suffocation attacks, cough, tachycardia. The most common cause of bronchial obstructive syndrome is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma. In some cases, the cause of bronchial obstruction is tumors or tumor metastases to the lungs. The article describes a clinical case of bronchial obstructive syndrome, showing that all patients with bronchial asthma, in the absence of an effect from the prescribed adequate basic therapy, with no control over the disease, should be well examined for an alternative diagnosis. In our case, a thorough examination of the patient allowed the allergist to diagnose central lung cancer with metastases to the lymph nodes of the mediastinum. A feature of the case is the primary resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, revealed during a genetic study, which determined the scheme of further polychemotherapy. This clinical case proves the need for differential diagnosis, with a comprehensive approach and the use of various examination methods.
Kidney Carbuncle in a Patient with Primary Systemic Al-Amyloidosis and Nephortic Syndrome
Authors: Alieva A. M. , Batov M. A. , Almazova I. I. , Baykova I. E. , Tikhomirova A. S. , Valiev R. K. , Nikitin I. G.
Published: August 2021

The diagnosis and treatment of systemic amyloidosis remains a significant clinical problem for physicians of various specialties. Infectious complications and sepsis account for up to 8% of deaths in amyloidosis patients. This clinical case describes the development of an initially asymptomatic monoclonal gammopathy of unclear significance into systemic AL-amyloidosis, which was complicated by the formation of a renal carbuncle after the first cycles of chemotherapy. There was a significant discrepancy between the severity of the patient’s overall clinical state and changes in laboratory parameters. There were no objective factors for the ascending spread of urinary tract infection or hematogenous dissemination from other foci, so a primary bacteremia was assumed.
Method of automated search of unauthorized cryptocurrency mining in server operating system containers
Authors: Pryimak Andrii , Karpinets Vasyl , Yaremchuk Yana
Published: August 2021

It is known that with the growing popularity of blockchain and cryptocurrency technology, many people want to make money on it. As a result, hackers who use other people's resources for easy profit are becoming more active. There are many different tools available today to protect user’s personal computers from cryptojacking, but effective protection for server operating systems are still actual.This paper investigates the possibility of searching for unauthorized cryptocurrency mining processes by three parameters: search for suspicious processes by name, by binary signature and by connection to the mining pool.Based on the study, a method of automated search for unauthorized cryptocurrency mining in server OS containers was proposed, which consists of 5 main stages:1. Search for unauthorized cryptocurrency generation processes by process name.2. Search by binary signature.3. Search for a connection to a mining pool4. Detection of the process of unauthorized mining and stopping the container in which the mining process was detected.5. Notification of the system administrator about the detection of unauthorized cryptocurrency generation processes.It is worth noting that, unlike existing tools, the developed method searches for containers from the host virtual machine, so that there is no need to run a search in each of the containers, as it can be a large number of them and as a result reduce the load on the system.The block diagram of the application for the implementation of the proposed method was also described, as well as examples of stopping the container in which an unauthorized mining process was found and the corresponding message to the system administrator.In addition, a study of the speed of the proposed method was conducted. The results of the test showed a time of 2,585 seconds, which reflects the fast operation and the absence of additional overload on the system.
Information-analytical model of psychophysiological state of the operator of the main control panel of the critical infrastructure object
Authors: Azarenko Olena , Chumachenko Serhii , Kamyshentsev Gennadii , Syrytsia Yuliia , Fesai Olexandr
Published: August 2021

In this work, an information and analytical model of the psychophysiological state of the operator of the main control panel of a critical infrastructure facility has been developed, which provides an objective process for revealing a latent negative impact on people who provide the main production process at the enterprise. It is shown that the features of management of an emergency of a terrorist nature in the interests of its prevention and prevention, caused by a hidden electromagnetic effect on the operational composition of a critical infrastructure facility, are determined by taking into account five factors. This is control over the level of electromagnetic radiation and the psycho-emotional state of the personnel of the facility, the prevention of errors of the operational staff and hidden psycho-emotional impact on him, technical counteraction of the hidden electromagnetic influence. Theoretically, there are three possible solutions to the problem. The first is the positioning of the language source. The second definition of the boundaries of the linguistic parameters of the individual in various psychophysical states. The third definition of the psychophysical state of the operator by the discrete components of his linguistic spectrum. Obtaining this model of obtaining this model is achieved by determining the psychophysiological state of the operator. The information-analytical model of the psychophysiological state of the operator of the main control panel of the critical infrastructure facility is a system of three dependencies. The first of them describes the psychophysiological state of the operator, they change during the performance of his functional duties. The second describes the i-th element of the current psychophysiological state of the operator, changes in time, and the third describes the development of anomalies in the i-th element of the psychophysiological state of the operator, making it difficult for him to perform his duties.
Information and technical features of the process of managing a natural emergency caused by hydrological and meteorological phenomena in a separate region of mountainous area
Authors: Gudak Roman , Divizinyuk Mikhailo , Kasatkina Nataliya , Farrakhov Oleksandr , Shevchenko Roman
Published: August 2021

Emergency situations are objective (regardless of the attitude towards them) spatio-temporal processes, each of which is conventionally divided into five stages, namely: everyday accumulation of negative factors; extreme development of a negative factor; catastrophic event; elimination of the consequences of this event and their remote consequences. They occur on vehicles, man-made and natural objects, areas of the territory, water basins and in mountains, cities and administrative regions. The type of each emergency is tied to a specific catastrophic event that may occur, is happening or has already happened. The main goal of emergency management is to prevent a catastrophic event, and if it occurs, to minimize its consequences. The task of the management process is formulated by stages of the emergency.The main feature of the soils of the Carpathian Mountains is their relative looseness and water saturation. When additional volumes of the aquatic environment appear, which are set in motion by the forces of gravity, significant hydraulic gradients are created, which lead to landslides, mudflows, collapse of mountain slopes and banks of rivers and streams. Natural emergencies caused by hydrological and meteorological events in mountainous areas have five characteristics. This is the inevitability and suddenness of the onset of a catastrophic event, which can cover an extended territory, be accompanied by great destruction and changes in the terrain. Information and technical features of emergency management in a separate mountainous region include a detailed study of the area and monitoring with the local population, geoinformation modeling of disasters and early preparation of action plans, constant training of rescuers and preparation for the use of new rescue equipment – helicopters.
Efficacy of Cannabidiol in Treating Osteoarthritis
Authors: Lykins Wesley
Published: August 2021

Purpose:

This article aims to review the treatment options for osteoarthritis and discuss the potential efficacy of cannabidiol (CBD) as an alternative treatment.

Method:

A PubMed literature search was conducted with search terms osteoarthritis (OA), cannabidiol, and CBD. Sixteen pertinent articles were retrieved and served as the basis for this clinical review. Three additional citations were used to provide supplementary information.

Results:

The ability of CBD to reduce acute OA synovitis, reduce neuropathic joint pain, and prevent the progression of OA pain has resulted in increased interest in CBD as an alternative treatment for arthritis. Clinical studies with systemic CBD administration showed no evidence of adverse side effects in animals. Preliminary studies show promising results on pain relief and functional activity in rats.

Conclusion:

The use of alternative treatments of OA may provide symptomatic relief with limited associated risk. CBD is a non–euphoria-producing compound retrieved from the hemp plant that has shown less severe adverse effects than other analgesic medications. We must continue developing and using new treatment options to alleviate the pain related to OA and increase the patient's quality of life where surgical treatment is not indicated. The Food and Drug Administration has not approved CBD products for treatment of OA, and no human trials are available at this time. Futures studies are needed to compare the efficacy of CBD to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or corticosteroid injections, to determine the efficacy and safety profile on human subjects, and to determine the mode of CBD administration that is most effective.
Verimlilik Muhasebesi Yönteminin Bir Üretim İşletmesinde Uygulanması
Authors: BÜYÜKARIKAN Ulukan
Published: August 2021

Verimlilik muhasebesi, işletmelerin kârlılık seviyesi yükseltmek için kısıtlar teorisi felsefesine göre sistemdeki kısıtları, kârlılık düzeyini arttırmak için yapılan iyileştirmelerin finansal etkisinin görülmesini sağlamaktadır. Dolayısıyla yöneticiler üretim hacmine bağlı olarak değişken nitelikteki direkt ilk madde ve malzeme giderlerindeki kısıtları iyileştirmeye yoğunlaşmakta ve diğer giderleri sabit kabul ettiklerinden dolayı verimliliğe odaklanmaktadır. Özellikle üretim işletmelerinde girdi kullanımının azaltılması, işletme verimliliğini artırmakla kalmayıp, süreçler üzerinde yoğunlaşarak üretim işlemlerinde uzmanlaşmayı ve kaliteyi de beraberinde getirebilecektir. Çalışmanın amacı üretimde verimliliği, kaliteyi ve belirli bir çizgiyi yakalayabilmenin bir yolu olan verimlilik muhasebesi yöntemi kullanarak ürün karması probleminin çözülmesidir. Bu bağlamda tarım makineleri sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir üretim işletmesi örneği incelenmiştir. Tarım makineleri üreten bir işletmede kısıtlar teorisine dayalı verim payı ve makine saati başına verime göre iki ayrı gelir tablosu hazırlanmış ve yapılan karşılaştırma sonucunda en yüksek faaliyet kârının makine saati başına verimde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Verimliliği sağlayabilmek, üretim ve maliyet planlaması ile kontrolü gerçekleştirebilmek adına üretim işletmelerinde verimlilik muhasebesinin kullanılması önerilmektedir.
Reel Döviz Kurları Üzerindeki Şoklar Geçici Mi, Kalıcı Mı? Dalgacık Tabanlı Birim Kök Testleri İle Kırılgan Sekizli Ülkeleri İçin Bir Uygulama
Authors: DEMİR Memduh Alper
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada, kırılgan sekizli ülkelerinde reel döviz kurlarına gelen şokların etkilerinin geçici mi yoksa kalıcı mı olduğu dalgacık tabanlı birim kök testleri ile incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda, kullanılan verilerin zaman aralığı, 1994 Ocak - 2020 Ağustos dönemini kapsamaktadır. Öncelikle seçilen ülkelerin reel döviz kurları üzerinden doğrusallık testleri yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar çerçevesinde doğrusal olmayan serilere dalgacık tabanlı doğrusal olmayan FWKSS ve WKSS testleri uygulanmıştır. Fourier terimi tüm ülkeler için anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Dolayısıyla FWKSS birim kök testi sonuçlarının tüm ülkeler için yorumlanamayacağı görülmektedir. Bu sonuç, WKSS birim kök testinin ülkeler için kullanılması gerektiğini göstermektedir. WKSS testinin sonuçlarına göre, sadece Arjantin ve Güney Afrika'nın reel döviz kurları % 10 anlamlılık düzeyinde durağan iken, diğerleri birim köke sahiptir. Sonuçlara göre şokların reel döviz kuruna etkileri Arjantin ve Güney Afrika'da geçicidir. Ancak reel döviz kurundaki şokun etkilerinin Brezilya, Şili, Hindistan, Endonezya, Rusya ve Türkiye'de kalıcı olduğu görülmüştür.
The Effects of Banks’ Internal Marketing and Market Orientation Approaches on Performance
Authors: BEYAZ Rafet , GÜNGÖR Abdullah Yiğit , KILIÇARSLAN Şerife
Published: August 2021

Information technologies are developing rapidly nowadays and globalization concept which shows up in parellel to IT has started to threaten the existence of firms by making competitive environment more intensive. Counter to this threat, businesses are trying to provide an advantage against their competitors by developing various of strategies. Internal marketing and market oriented approach are among the significant strategies which are developed within this scope. In the study, it is aimed to determine the effects of internal marketing practices and market oriented approach on performance in banks. Besides, it is examined whether internal marketing practices have an effect on market oriented approach or not. As a result of the study, it is determined that internal marketing practices and market oriented approach of banks affect their performance positively. Moreover, it is found that internal marketing practices affect market oriented approach substantially.
“Dolap Beygiri” Filminin Muhasebe Etiği ve Muhasebe Hileleri Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: ALTUNAY Mehmet Akif
Published: August 2021

Son yıllarda yaşanan muhasebe skandallarında muhasebecilerin de rolünün bulunması muhasebe etiğini önemli hale getirmiştir. Muhasebe hilelerinin önüne geçebilmek amacıyla küresel ve yerel olmak üzere birçok değişim ve dönüşüm yaşanmıştır. Ancak kamu veya özel sektör çalışanlarının muhasebe etiğine uygun hareket etmeme ihtimali bir risk unsuru olarak durmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı seksenli yılların başında üretilen bir sinema filmi olan “Dolap Beygiri” filminin muhasebe etiği ve hile unsurları çerçevesinde incelenmesidir. Bu çalışmada “Dolap Beygiri” filmi nitel bir yöntem olan betimsel-yorumlayıcı analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Filmin tamamı incelenmiş ve muhasebe meslek etiği ve muhasebe hileleri ile ilgili olduğu değerlendirilen sahneler analiz edilerek yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmada üç sonuca ulaşılmıştır. Birincisi filmin muhasebe mesleğini okumak, memur olmak ve memleketi kurtarmak kavramlarıyla özdeş halde ve olumsuz bir bakış açısıyla yansıttığı sonucuna varılmıştır. İkincisi, muhasebe hileleri ile mücadelede muhasebecilerin dürüstlüğünün yeterli olmayacağı, muhasebecilerin çalışanlarını hile yapmamaları için gözetlemeleri gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Üçüncüsü bir muhasebecinin her zaman dürüst olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Trace explosives detection by cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS)
Authors: Stromer Bobbi , Bednar Anthony , Janjic Milo , Becker Scott , Kylloe Tamara , Allen John , Trapani Matt , Hargrove John , Hargrove James
Published: August 2021

We built three successive versions of a thermal decomposition cavity ring-down spectrometer and tested their response to explosives. These explosive compound analyzers successfully detected nitroglycerine, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), pentaerythryl tetranitrate, hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine and triacetone triperoxide (TATP). We determined the pathlength and limits of detection for each, with the best limit of detection being 13 parts per trillion (ppt) of TNT. For most of the explosive tests, the peak height was higher than the expected value, meaning that peroxy radical chain propagation was occurring with each of the explosives and not just the peroxide TATP.
Factores asociados a ageísmo en estudiantes de Medicina
Authors:   , Monzon Reategui Silvana Lucia , Montealegre Sánchez Kevin Giovanni
Published: August 2021

Introducción: El Perú actualmente atraviesa por un aumento de la población adulta mayor, agregándose el incremento de enfermedades crónicas, principal carga en ellos. Esto resalta al ageísmo, institucionalizado en la sociedad y por ende en algunos estudiantes de medicina, futuros médicos que se ocuparán de la salud de los adultos mayores. Objetivo: Determinar los diversos factores asociados a ageísmo en estudiantes de medicina de tres universidades privadas de Lima-Perú. Materiales y métodos: Análisis secundario de una base de datos obtenida por muestreo tipo bola de nieve mediante uso de mensajería instantánea, redes sociales y correo electrónico. La población estuvo compuesta por 210 estudiantes de medicina, participantes del estudio “Competencias sobre geriatría, ageísmo y educación virtual en el contexto de la pandemia por Covid-19”. La variable Ageísmo se valoró con la escala UCLAS-GAS. Resultados: Las variables “interés sobre el curso”, “conocimientos útiles para los estudiantes", “disfrute del material del curso” y la “explicación brindada por el docente” se hallaron estadísticamente significativas con respecto a la variable ageísmo. Mientras mayor puntaje con respecto a estas variables, más ageísmo posee la persona. Conclusión: Aunque existe amplia evidencia que sugiere que la interacción con adultos mayores disminuye actitudes ageístas, no significa que se eliminen por completo, y un alumno con dichas actitudes, podría seguir manteniéndola.
Esquemas maladaptativos tempranos en alumnos de Psicología e Ingeniería de universidades de Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   , Melo Bernabel Julio Alberto
Published: August 2021

El estudio tuvo como objetivo principal identificar las diferencias significativas entre los esquemas maladaptativos tempranos en muestras de estudiantes universitarios de las carreras de psicología e ingeniería pertenecientes a universidades de Lima Metropolitana. Estudio descriptivo, comparativo con diseño no experimental y de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 406 estudiantes de psicología e ingeniería, seleccionados bajo un muestreo no probabilístico intencional, previa aprobación del consentimiento informado por cada participante. Como instrumentos se emplearon una encuesta sociodemográfica y el cuestionario de Esquemas Maladaptativos tempranos (YSQ – S3). Los resultados evidencian que existen diferencias significativas en los 18 EMTs entre el grupo de estudiantes de psicología y los de ingeniería. Finalmente, este estudio aportará como línea base para futuras investigaciones que quieran comparar EMTs en dos o más poblaciones independientes, asimismo, gracias a sus resultados será de ayuda para la creación e implementación, tanto de programas de prevención como intervención.
Estudio de sistema de ventilación forzada para dilución de humos metálicos de soldadura en interior de pilotes hincados en la construcción del terminal portuario general de San Martín
Authors:   , Bello Suazo Andrés Eduardo , Reyes Pinedo Jean Carlo
Published: August 2021

El estudio de la implementación del sistema de ventilación forzada para la dilución de humos metálicos resulta fundamental para el diseño de controles de seguridad y prevención de riesgos en los trabajos de soldadura en espacios reducidos como es el interior de pilotes metálicos de cimentaciones en el mar. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la diferencia de concentraciones de humos metálicos de soldadura con la implementación de ventilación forzada en soldadura en interior de pilotes hincados en la construcción del terminal portuario general de San Martin. En este trabajo se analiza las concentraciones obtenidas en 8 pilotes a través de un muestreo no probabilístico y por conveniencia, las cuales se obtuvieron colocando una bomba gravimétrica de succión durante la soldadura, la cual retuvo el agente químico emanado de los humos metálicos. El estudio puede resultar de interés tanto para técnicos e ingenieros de prevención de riesgos laborales.
Impacto de la implementación de pausas laborales en síndrome visual de computadora en el personal administrativo de una institución educativa superior de Lima
Authors:   , Padrón Alcázar Claudia , Lengua Céspedes Diana Patricia del Milagro
Published: August 2021

Antecedentes: El creciente uso de computadoras ha generado nuevos riesgos para la salud como el síndrome visual de computadora principalmente en contextos ocupacionales. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de las pausas laborales con monitoreo continuo en la prevención y manejo del síndrome visual de computadora. Materiales y métodos: En enero del 2020 realizamos un estudio cuasi-experimental con 81 participantes distribuidos en dos sedes. En ambas sedes se realizaron capacitaciones e implementación de pausas laborales; pero solo en una se realizó además monitoreo continuo. Se utilizó el instrumento CVS-Q, pre y post intervención para la identificación de síntomas y presencia del síndrome. Utilizamos estadística descriptiva y las pruebas de Chi cuadrado, Mc Nemar, y T de Student, para datos pareados y no pareados, en el programa Stata v15.1. Resultados: Tuvimos 81 participantes distribuidos en la sede 1 (n=45 capacitación con monitoreo continuo) y sede 2 (n=36, capacitación sin monitoreo continuo). La prevalencia global del síndrome igual a 60.49%. La evaluación post-intervención fue realizada 2 semanas luego de la valoración pre-intervención. En el grupo de intervención con monitoreo continuo (sede 1) hubo una disminución significativa en el puntaje de 8 de los 16 síntomas mientras que ningún síntoma cambio en la sede 2. Conclusiones: La implementación de pausas laborales y monitoreo continuo, logró reducir varios síntomas del síndrome, siendo de bajo costo, y potencialmente efectivas y eficientes para su prevención y manejo. Futuras investigaciones en seguridad laboral y normativas ocupacionales nacionales podrían basar sus implementaciones y recomendaciones en estos hallazgos.
Nível de proficiência em inglês de professores em formação inicial: um estudo sobre a visão de docentes de um curso de Letras e de especialistas da área
Authors: Kobayashi Eliana , Gallardo Barbara Cristina
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho traz um recorte dos resultados de um amplo estudo realizado sobre o nível de proficiência em língua inglesa dos alunos em diferentes etapas do curso de Letras (Português/Inglês) de uma universidade pública, e questiona a relevância da aplicação de testes de proficiência para acompanhar a evolução dos alunos, do processo seletivo à graduação. São discutidas, neste artigo, as vozes de diferentes atores envolvidos direta e indiretamente no contexto investigado, como docentes e coordenador do curso, e especialistas da área de formação de professores e de avaliação em língua estrangeira. De natureza metodológica qualitativa, este trabalho utiliza entrevistas com questões abertas e a triangulação de dados para analisar em profundidade os dados coletados. Entre os resultados, foram identificadas visões distintas sobre o assunto, como um nível de proficiência mínimo variando entre B1 e C1 do Quadro Comum Europeu de Referência para Línguas (Common European Framework of References for Languages – CEFR) a ser atingido no final do curso, as limitações das provas do vestibular e do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) diante das habilidades linguísticas necessárias para o curso de Letras e a importância da aplicação de testes de proficiência, em diferentes momentos do curso.
Uma reflexão acerca do paradigma de nomes deverbais com os sufixos -ção e -mento em Português Brasileiro Contemporâneo
Authors: Prado Natália Cristine , Favaro Gisela Sequini
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma reflexão acerca do paradigma dos nomes deverbais com os sufixos -ção e -mento em Português Brasileiro Contemporâneo, doravante PBC, a partir de estudos realizados por Basílio (1987) e Rio-Torto (1998). Para observarmos os fenômenos de produtividade, lexicalização e bloqueios envolvendo o paradigma da formação de nomes em -ção e -mento no PBC, foi selecionado um grupo de palavras derivadas com os sufixos enfocados a partir de uma mesma base do total de palavras com esses sufixos que foram encontradas no Dicionário Eletrônico Houaiss da Língua Portuguesa. Posteriormente, deste grupo analisamos as duplas de palavras de mesma base formadas com os sufixos selecionados, e assim procuramos no banco de dados do LabLEX (Laboratório de Estudos Lexicográficos da UNESP) todos os contextos em que ocorrem palavras terminadas por -ção e -mento. Nesta oportunidade, apresentaremos um total de 19 pares de palavras derivadas em -ção e -mento com dois exemplos de contextos em que cada uma delas ocorre. A partir dessa amostra dos nomes e de seu uso, pretendemos observar as principais diferenças que ocorrem quando temos duas palavras derivadas em -ção e -mento a partir de uma mesma base no PCB.
SARAMAGO, José. Último Caderno de Lanzarote – o diário do ano do Nobel. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2018.
Authors: Chauvin Jean Pierre
Published: August 2021

Resenha sobre o Último Caderno de Lanzarote.
A semântica das perguntas em português brasileiro: uma proposta sistêmico-funcional
Authors: Farhat Theodoro Casalotti , Gonçalves-Segundo Paulo Roberto
Published: August 2021

Neste artigo, a partir dos estudos sistêmico-funcionais de Hasan (1989, 2013, entre outros), propomos uma descrição do sistema semântico de demanda de informação – também conhecido como “perguntas” – em português brasileiro. Apontamos, antes, quais são as principais frentes de pesquisa sistêmico-funcionais, assim como discutimos as noções fundamentais de realização, instanciação e rede sistêmica. Depois, explicitamos as categorias propostas em uma perspectiva tipológica e, em seguida, fazemos considerações sobre uma possível interpretação topológica do sistema. Finalmente, discutimos a possível integração do sistema proposto a outras perspectivas sistêmico-funcionais sobre o estrato da semântica, além de sugestões de próximos passos para pesquisas sobre a semântica das perguntas em português brasileiro.
Fragmentos poéticos de Mecenas: tradução e comentário
Authors: Aubert Eduardo Henrik
Published: August 2021

Este artigo oferece uma tradução e um comentário de todos os fragmentos poéticos atribuídos a Caio Clínio Mecenas (c. 70 a.C. – 8 a.C.), o famoso patrono das letras na época augustana, menos conhecido por sua atividade de escritor. O comentário visa a analisar a matéria e a elocução de Mecenas, com especial atenção para as interrelações entre a experiência neotérica e aquela dos poetas augustanos. A análise sugere que, ao identificar uma tensão produtiva entre esses empreendimentos poéticos, a atividade dos escritores do círculo de Mecenas também pode ser mais bem compreendida como experiência histórica complexa. Em apêndice, estão traduzidos ainda todos os fragmentos de prosa supérstite de Mecenas.
Cost And Welfare: A Simulation of Establishing A Unified Carbon Market In China
Authors: Ji Xinru , Su Lei
Published: August 2021

BackgroundGlobal warming has aroused wide concern of international community, which has reached a consensus on the carbon abatement. In 2017, China should have established a unified market for carbon emission trading, while the government has postponed the establishment because the uncertainty of cost calculation and welfare. Therefore, the cost and welfare of carbon abatement in simulated scenarios could help the government in establishing a unified carbon market and setting suitable policy. In the national carbon trading market, the variations of different abatement cost are the precondition of carbon exchange. This paper set forth theories related to carbon market and used parametric directional distance function model to derive the shadow prices of 30 provinces from 2011 to 2017. Then the classic logarithmic model is used to simulate marginal abatement cost curves, which is further applied to empirically investigate the welfare of 30 provinces in two scenarios of carbon trading market in China. ResultsThe results indicate that marginal abatement cost would rise with the increasing of emission reduction and vary significantly among provinces, and undeveloped provinces have greater potential in emission reduction than developed regions. Moreover, all provinces could benefit from the establishment of the nationwide ETS.ConclusionsThis article combines the theoretical model of shadow prices with the analysis of China’s carbon trading market in an attempt to analyze the cost and welfare of Chinese provinces and cities on the unified carbon trading market, adding the time trend factor to the directional distance function, and then further combines the parameter method to estimate the shadow price of CO2. Finally, the paper gives some proposals regarding to China’s ETS and carbon reduction targets.
Transcranial Electric And Acoustic Stimulation For Tinnitus: Study Protocol For A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial Assessing The Influence of Combined Transcranial Random Noise And Acoustic Stimulation On Tinnitus Loudness And Distress
Authors: Martins Mariana Lopes , Kleinjung Tobias , Meyer Martin , Raveenthiran Vitushika , Wellauer Zino , Peter Nicole , Neff Patrick
Published: August 2021

Background: Tinnitus is the result of aberrant neuronal activity. As a novel treatment form, neuromodulation is used to modify neuronal activity of brain areas involved in tinnitus generation. Among the different forms of electric stimulation, transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS) has been shown to be a promising treatment option for tinnitus. In addition, recent studies indicate that the reduction in tinnitus can be more pronounced when different modalities of stimulation techniques are combined (“bimodal stimulation”). TRNS can be used in combination with acoustic stimulation (AS), a further treatment option recognized in the literature. The aim of the proposed study is to investigate whether simultaneous tRNS and AS improve levels of tinnitus loudness and distress. Methods: The intervention consists of bilateral HD-tRNS over the auditory cortex combined with the application of AS which is studied in a cross-over design. The visits will be performed in 26 sessions. There will be 20 treatment sessions, divided into two blocks: active and sham HD-tRNS. Within the blocks, the interventions are divided into Group A: HD-tRNS and AS, and Group B: HD-tRNS alone. Furthermore, in addition to the assessments directly following the intervention sessions, there will be six extra sessions performed subsequently at the end of each block, after a period of some days (Follow-ups 1 and 2) and a month after the last intervention (C). Primary outcome measures are analogue scales for evaluation of subjective tinnitus loudness and distress, and the audiological measurement of Minimum Masking Level (MML). Secondary outcome measures are brain activity as measured by electroencephalography and standardized questionnaires for evaluating tinnitus distress and severity. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study, which uses HD-tRNS combined with AS for tinnitus treatment. The cross-over design permits the comparison between HD-tRNS active vs. sham and with vs. without AS. Thus, it will be possible to evaluate the efficacy of the combined approach to HD-tRNS alone. In addition, the use of different objective and subjective evaluations for tinnitus enable more reliable and valid results. Trial registration: Swiss Ethics Committee (BASEC-Nr. 2020-02027); Swiss Federal Complementary Database (kofam.ch: SNCTP000004051); and ClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04551404).
Understanding Different Functions of Ward Rounds In Paediatric Oncology: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Berndt Lea P. , Mücke Urs , Sellin Julia , Mücke Martin , Conrad Rupert , Grigull Lorenz
Published: August 2021

Purpose The ward round (WR) is a core routine for interprofessional communication and medical care planning. It allows health care professionals (HCP) and patients to meet regularly and encourages patients to take an active role. Despite its high value for patient-centred care, there is no universal definition of WR. Little is known about the attitudes of participants towards a ‘good’ WR. This study aims to capture the experiences and expectations of participants to better understand WR needs.Methods13 Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients, parents, nurses and doctors of a paediatric oncology ward. The phenomenological framework by Colaizzi was used to identify major themes.ResultsFour major themes (MT) were identified by standardised analysis of the interviews: (1) Aims and functions of a WR; (2) Structure and organisational requirements; (3) WR participants and interpersonal communication; (4) Importance of education about WR. Further analysis elucidated different opportunities stakeholders recognised in WR, such as its role in comforting families in stressful situations, and relationship building. Interviewees expressed their concerns about missing structures. Families pleaded for smaller WR teams and more layperson language. HCP underscored the lack of formal education on conducting WR. Paediatric patients stated that WR scared them without proper explanation. All interviewees emphasized the need for professionalization of the WR.ConclusionThis study gives important insights into WR in paediatric oncology. Although performed universally, WRs are poorly explored. This structured analysis reveals important expectations of WR stakeholders, stressing the need for guidelines, training, and preparation for successful WRs.
Evaluation of The Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) Tool As A Predictor of Postoperative Complications Following Major Oncological Abdominal Surgery in Older Patients
Authors: Penning Yoon , Asmar Antoine El , Moreau Michel , Raspé Julie , Lago Lissandra Dal , Pepersack Thierry , Donckier Vincent , Liberale Gabriel
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The concept of frailty extends beyond chronological age. Identifying frailty using a two-step approach, starting with the use of a screening tool (G8) followed by complete geriatric assessment (CGA), may be useful for guiding treatment decisions and follow-up.This study evaluated the association between geriatric screening and individual components of the tCGA with the risk of 90-day postoperative complications in oncogeriatric patients.Methods: Data on patients with major oncological abdominal surgery were retrospectively collected from hospital records (2016-2019). Patients with G8 and CGA geriatric screening in those identified by an altered G8 screening score were included. Postoperative complications were classified by Clavien-Dindo grade and the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI).Results: One hundred and twelve patients aged ≥ 70 years surgically treated with curative intent for cancer were included. Seventy-six (67.9%) presented with an altered G8. Of these, sixty-six (58.9%) had a CGA. In univariate analysis, only altered nutritional status assessed by the Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form was associated with higher total complication rate (p = 0.01). Patients with impaired G8 had significantly more complications and higher 1-year mortality rates than patients with normal G8. Fifteen patients (13.4%) had grade III-IVb complications. A CCI > 50 was recorded in 16 patients (14.3%). All-cause 90-day postoperative mortality was 10.7%.Conclusions: Identifying altered preoperative nutritional status as part of the CGA in patients screening positive for frailty is a potentially modifiable risk factor that can influence preoperative management and treatment decision making. G8 may be a predictive factor for postoperative complications.
Excellent UV-Absorbing Cotton Fabric with High Durability and Hydrophobicity Based on Surface-Initiated ATRP of Polymerizable Organic UV-Absorber
Authors: Hua Saixiang , Zhu Huichao , Wang Xiao , Wu Mingyuan , Wu Qingyun , Liu Jiuyi , Yang Jianjun , Zhang Jianan
Published: August 2021

Ultraviolet (UV) protective cotton fabric is a convenient and reliable way to protect human body from sunlight. Herein, a polymerizable organic UV-absorber, 2-hydroxy-4-(3-methacryloxy-2-hydroxylpropoxy) benzophenone (BPMA) was prepared from the ring-opening addition reaction of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (UV-0) with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The initiators tethered cotton fabric (CF-Br) were prepared by the immobilization of α-bromoisobutyryl groups. PBPMA grafted cotton fabric (CF-g-PBPMA) was fabricated via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). The experimental results indicated that BPMA was successfully synthesized, and PBPMA chains were successfully grafted from CF-Br. Importantly, CF-g-PBPMA exhibited excellent UV absorption performance, hydrophobic ability and outstanding durability. Compared with the UV protection factor (UPF) of the original cotton fabric (3.5), the UPF of CF-g-PBPMA achieved 241.5, which was far beyond the excellent protection UPF rating (50+) and was up to 69-fold higher than that of original cotton fabric. Compared with the water contact angle (WCA) of the original cotton fabric of 46°, the WCA of CF-g-PBPMA reached 140°, showing excellent hydrophobic property. In addition, after five washing cycles, CF-g-PBPMA showed an outstanding durability with the WCA and UPF achieving 131° and 226.9, respectively.
Uterus-Preserving Treatment for Placenta Percreta by Reconstruction of the Lower Uterine Segment Using Wave Compression Suture: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhou Le , Sun Chuntang , Chen Meng , He Guolin , Liu Xinghui
Published: August 2021

Purpose

To observe the hemostatic efficacy of reconstructing the lower uterine segment by wave compression sutures (WCSs) in patients with placenta previa who underwent cesarean section (CS).
Methods

Retrospective analysis the medical records with placenta previa underwent WCS at the West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University.One-hundred-and-twenty-three women who received WCSs as the first uterine suture technique from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020, were included in this study. The hemostatic effect of WCS was compared according to the type of placenta previa and the intraoperative situation. All patients were followed up after CS.
Results

The hemostatic effect during CS and postpartum hemorrhage were observed. Seventy-two (58.5%) patients successfully achieved hemostasis without further intervention. Fifty-one (41.5%) cases required additional uterine artery ligation (UAL), cervical hanging maneuver (CHM), and Bakri tamponade. Seventy-nine cases exhibited thin anterior walls and lower uterine atony after placental dissection; of these, 72 (91.1%) obtained hemostasis by WCS. No patient required repeat laparotomy or hysterectomy. There were no complications attributable to the WCS following surgery. Among the five patients who had a second pregnancy, no intrauterine adhesions or abnormal uterine morphologies were caused by WCS. No ectopic or incision pregnancies occurred.
Conclusions

Reconstruction of the lower uterine segment by WCS is a suitable technique for patients with thin anterior walls and uterine atony of the lower uterine segment along with placenta previa. WCS is easy to perform, effective, and safe.
Efficacy and Safety of Lenvatinib for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Beyond REFLECT Study Indications in a Real-World Setting in China
Authors: Li Guangxin , Zhang Yu , Yang Yanmei , Li Gong
Published: August 2021

Background/purpose: Lenvatinib was found to be non-inferior to sorafenib in a Phase 3 REFLECT trial on advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. However, patients with a liver tumor volume of greater than 50% of total liver volume or with main portal vein tumor thrombus, which often occurs in clinical practice, were excluded from the REFLECT trial. This study aimed to examine the safety and efficacy of lenvatinib on patients beyond REFLECT study indications in a real-world setting.Method: This was a retrospective, single-center observational study focused on unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC) patients with the tumor accounting for more than 50% of the liver volume or with main portal vein tumor thrombus. From June 2018 to February 2019, 21 u-HCC patients with above characteristics were enrolled. The therapeutic effects were determined using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (m-RECIST) in the 12th week. Grades of adverse events followed with the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version (CTCAE) 4.0. The median Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and median Over Survival (OS) were determined at the 12th month.Results: The median observation period was 11.5 months. Fatigue, leukopenia and dysphoria were the most frequent adverse events. Leukopenia, hand-foot skin reaction and decreased appetite were the most frequent adverse events, and were higher than Grade 2. 7 of the patients had elevated Child-Pugh scores, 3 of whom increased from Child-Pugh A to B. All of the adverse events could be controlled by appropriate dose reduction, interruption and symptomatic treatment. No liver function failure occurred. The probability of tumor marker (AFP or PIVKA-II) decline was 100% and 60% at one month and three months after administration respectively. In the m-RECIST evaluation in the 12th week, 0, 7, 7 and 7 patients achieved complete response, partial response, stable disease and progressive disease respectively. The objective response rate was 33.3%. The median PFS and OS was 5.3 and 11.2 , respectively. 1 year survival rate was 42.9%.Conclusion: Lenvatinib treatment can be accomplished with safety and a good response for patients beyond REFLECT study indications in a real-world setting.
What’s That Bug? Citizen Science For Biosecurity In Mount Maunganui, New Zealand
Authors: Payne Penny Raewi , Finlay-Smits Susanna , Small Bruce , Cave Vanessa , Kean John
Published: August 2021

Measuring biosecurity perceptions, awareness and behaviour: A New Zealand case studyTauranga Moana has been named the ‘biosecurity capital’ of New Zealand, as part of the government’s ‘Biosecurity 2025’ Initiative to enlist all New Zealanders as biosecurity risk managers. This will involve large-scale citizen science, for reporting, eradication and management of pest and disease threats. We measure baseline awareness, perceptions and behaviour about biosecurity among two key citizen science groups, the local community at Mount Maunganui (surrounding Tauranga’s port) and school children. An online survey was completed by 324 members of the local community, while 120 school children completed a survey about their biosecurity knowledge and behaviours after using a biosecurity education kit. Results indicate that while both groups report a relatively high level of understanding about the concept of biosecurity, and acknowledge it as extremely important, knowledge of current pest threats and correct biosecurity behaviours could be improved. Mount Maunganui community members rate their understanding of biosecurity as better than the average New Zealander, but are less likely to have taken regular biosecurity action in the past year. For school children, improved biosecurity efforts could be evidenced by more active pest monitoring, and greater discussion about biosecurity outside of school (e.g. with their family at home). Key enablers for achieving more impactful citizen science for biosecurity among these groups are targeted education, and practical advice about what they can do to help.
Advance Laparoscopy in Minimal Resource Settings: Experience from a Public Sector Hospital in a Lower Middle Income Country.
Authors: Kaiser Muhammad , Malik Awais Amjad , Ali Danish , Farooq Muhammad Qasim , Khan Anwar Zeb , Ghumman Muhammad Ahsan , Khokhar Muhammad Imran , Afzal Muhammad Farooq
Published: August 2021

Background: To share our experience of performing advanced laparoscopic procedures with minimal resources in a public sector hospital.Methods: A retrospective study of laparoscopic cases performed from December 1st 2016 till Dec 31st 2020 was done. All the cases were done by single surgical unit but with different surgical teams both as elective as well as emergency procedure. Type of procedure, conversion to open, and immediate post operative complications and outcomes were recorded. Complications were recorded on the basis of the Clavian Dindo Classification. Results: In 49 months a total of 1550 procedures were performed. 1133 basic and 417 advanced laparoscopic procedures were performed. Only advanced laparoscopic procedures are discussed further. Median patient aged was 33 years (Range 10 to 70 years). Male to female ratio was 1:1.2 (191:226). There was a conversion rate of 8.6% with 36 operations converted to open due to either technical issues or any complication. Median hospital stay was 2 to 12 days. Median operative time was 90minutes. Complications were seen in 48 patients. Grade 1/2 complications in 38 patients. Grade 3 complications were seen in 9 patients. Grade 4 in 1 patient. No Grade 5 (Mortality) complications were seen. Conclusions: Advanced laparoscopic surgery can be safely undertaken in public sector hospitals in low resource countries with limited resources.