bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspirin Resistance and Newer Combatants against It
Authors: Ahammad Faruk , Shamsunnahar Md
Published: September 2014

Aspirin is the widely used cheap antiplatelet agent globally. Since marketing it was unbeaten for use in coronary diseases and ischemic stroke patients. Unfortunately for the last two decades the term ''Aspirin resistance'' (AR) has been evolved due to it's failure to protect the aspirin users against major cardiovascular events. Although the PlA1/A2 polymorphism in the GPIIIa platelet receptor along with other factors have been identified as responsible for this resistance, the term has not yet been defined. There is no consensus about ideal platelet function test. So it is more appropriate to say "treatment failure" to aspirin therapy rather using the term AR. Although Clopidogrel is being used alone or in combination with aspirin to overcome AR,platelet receptor (p2y12) inhibitors both Prasugrel and Ticagrelor are more potent than Clopidogrel in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). Worldwide Prasugrel and Ticagrelor have been included in different guidelines to use in ACS DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v8i2.20394 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2013;8(2): 92-95
A Case Report on Angiomyxoma
Authors: Monayem Farhana Binte , Parvin Zebunnessa , Mahmud Reaz , Ahmed SK Abdul Momen
Published: September 2014

Aggressive Angiomyxoma (AA) is a rare variety of soft tissue tumour of pelvis and perineum occurring almost exclusively in adult females. AA is most often found in or in proximity to the lower pelvis, more specifically perineum, vulva, vagina or inguinal regions. Here we report a case of angiomyxoma. She is a 40 years old house wife, presented with a brownish, soft, multilocular, pedunculated nontender solid mass in the left side of the vaginal wall. Though initially it was provisionally diagnosed as a case of cervical polyp, ultimately histopathology proved it to be a case of Aggressive Angiomyxoma. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v8i2.20396 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2013;8(2): 99-101
Teaching Communication and Therapeutic Relationship Skills to Baccalaureate Nursing Students: A Peer Mentorship Simulation Approach
Authors: Miles Leslie W. , Mabey Linda , Leggett Sarah , Stansfield Katie
Published: September 2014

The literature on techniques for improving student competency in therapeutic communication and interpersonal skills is limited. A simulation approach to enhance the learning of communication skills was developed to address these issues. Second-semester and senior nursing students participated in videorecorded standardized patient simulations, with senior students portraying the patient. Following simulated interactions, senior students provided feedback to junior students on their use of communication skills and other therapeutic factors. To integrate the learning experience, junior students completed a written assignment, in which they identified effective and noneffective communication; personal strengths and weaknesses; and use of genuineness, empathy, and positive regard. A videorecording of each student interaction gave faculty the opportunity to provide formative feedback to students. Student evaluations have been positive. Themes identified in student evaluations include the impact of seeing oneself, significance of practicing, getting below the surface in communication, and moving from insight to goal setting. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 52
(10), 34–41.]
Determination of the Excimer Laser Ablation Rate in Previously Cross-linked Corneas
Authors: Richoz Olivier , Mosquera Samuel Arba , Kling Sabine , Hammer Arthur , Magnago Thomas , Bosch Martina M. , Hafezi Farhad
Published: September 2014

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the need for and quantify the extent of nomogram adjustments to compensate for potential changes in the amount of effective corneal stroma ablated in previously cross-linked corneas.

METHODS:

Ex vivo porcine corneas were divided into two groups (the corneal cross-linking [CXL] group, n = 30; and the control group, n = 3): these experimental corneas underwent CXL including deepithelialization, instillation of riboflavin solution for 25 minutes, and ultraviolet-A irradiation at 9 mW/cm
2
for 10 minutes. The control group was deepithelialized only. Four consecutive excimer laser ablations of 50
µ
m each were performed (AMARIS 750S; SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions, Kleinostheim Germany), and stromal bed thickness was measured with a built-in optical coherence pachymeter. To determine the potential influence of riboflavin, a third group (the riboflavin group, n = 12) underwent deepithelialization and instillation of riboflavin, but no ultraviolet-A irradiation.

RESULTS:

The mean individual ablation depth across the four ablations was significantly smaller in cross-linked corneas (−17%) when compared to untreated control corneas (
P
< .001). A consistent reduction of 12% was observed via a cumulative analysis when assessing the relative isolated effect of CXL on the ablation rate. There was no significant effect from riboflavin in the deeper ablations, except for the first ablation (68.6 ± 1.1 mm [range: 1 to 50
µ
m]). This may be due to a measurement error in pachymetric readings due to the thin film of riboflavin on the surface that resists even extensive rinsing.

CONCLUSIONS:

CXL reduces the corneal ablation depth of excimer lasers in the anterior 200
µ
m of the porcine cornea by approximately 12%. Further clinical studies are needed to validate these findings in human corneas.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2014;30(9):628–632.]
Analysis of Planned and Postoperatively Measured Flap Thickness After LASIK Using the LenSx Multifunctional Femtosecond Laser System
Authors: Juhasz Eva , Filkorn Tamas , Kranitz Kinga , Sandor Gabor Laszlo , Gyenes Andrea , Nagy Zoltan Zsolt
Published: September 2014

PURPOSE:

To evaluate LASIK corneal flaps using a multifunctional femtosecond laser suitable for cataract and corneal surgery (LenSx; Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Aliso Viejo, CA) and to compare the planned and postoperatively measured flap thickness using an anterior segment optical coherence tomography device (AS-OCT).

METHODS:

Twenty patients (38 eyes) diagnosed as having myopia and myopic astigmatism were enrolled. LASIK was performed using the LenSx femtosecond laser for intracorneal flaps and the Wavelight Allegretto 400 excimer laser (Alcon Laboratories, Inc.) for intrastromal photoablation. Desired flap thickness and diameter were 140.0 ± 0.0µm and 8.5 ± 0.0 mm, respectively, whereas mean ablation depth and diameter of the excimer laser treatment were 67.9 ± 24.18µm and 6.5 ± 0.08 mm, respectively. Entered data of the LenSx femtosecond laser were used to determine desired flap thickness, whereas AS-OCT (RTVue; Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA) was used to measure flap thickness postoperatively. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test, dependent pairedttest, and Friedman test were used for comparison of dependent and repeated measures.

RESULTS:

There was no statistically significant difference in the planned and postoperatively measured flap thickness (140.0 ± 0.0 vs 140.28 ± 8.0µm;P= .4067). Interfaces of the flaps had even surfaces according to the images and calculations on the AS-OCT device (P= .058).

CONCLUSIONS:

Application of this multifunctional femtosecond laser performing LASIK proved to be a safe and effective method regarding predictability of flap thickness.

[J Refract Surg.2014;30(9):622–626.]
Histoires de mégalithes : enquête à Port-Blanc (Saint-Pierre-Quiberon, Morbihan)
Authors: Guyodo Jean-Noël , Blanchard Audrey
Published: September 2014

Au nord-ouest de la presqu’île quiberonnaise, l’ensemble mégalithique de Port-Blanc (ou Porz Guen) à Saint-Pierre-Quiberon (Morbihan) occupe un rebord de falaise. À la fin du xixe siècle, Félix Gaillard le fouille méticuleusement, suite à la visite nocturne de quelques chercheurs de trésor. Au cours de cette opération archéologique, de nombreux os humains, parfois en connexion, ont été découverts ; fait relativement rare dans l’Ouest de la France. À l’occasion de la récente restauration de ce monument, des observations complémentaires et de nouveaux relevés ont pu être effectués. Cette étude architecturale (matériaux utilisés, techniques employées, etc.) offre des informations inédites. Celles-ci méritent ici d’être croisées avec les diverses données accumulées au cours des 130 années qui se sont écoulées depuis le début de la première intervention de terrain, un certain dimanche 18 février 1883…
Attendre
Authors: Bromberger Christian
Published: September 2014

Dans cette introduction au numéro, l’auteur analyse diverses significations et codifications de l’attente dans un monde impatient où l’on se doit d’être « synchrone » avec le temps précipité des autres. Ce rapport singulier au temps s’éprouve différemment selon qu’il s’agit d’« attentes situationnelles » ou « existentielles ». Temps et espace de l’attente font l’objet de codifications variables selon les contextes sociaux et culturels.
Le temps dilaté, l’espace rétréci
Authors: Kobelinsky Carolina
Published: September 2014

La vie de Klara Golounova et Aké Koné, demandeurs d’asile hébergés dans des centres d’accueil en France (cada), est caractérisée par une dilatation du temps et une rétraction de l’espace. Cet article explore la réalité que recouvre leur attente au quotidien. Bien entendu, il n’existe pas une seule et unique façon de faire l’expérience de l’attente et celle-ci ne constitue pas un temps homogène ni même continu. Cependant, trois séquences semblent se succéder dans l’expérience des hommes et des femmes rencontrés au cours d’un terrain conduit entre 2003 et 2008, notamment dans des centres d’accueil en région parisienne : 1. la halte qu’impose le début de l’attente et l’arrivée au foyer, 2. l’ennui qui s’installe et le temps qu’il faut remplir, 3. le contournement de l’attente.
« Dépêchez-vous d’attendre ! »
Authors: Thura Mathias
Published: September 2014

Le temps de la conscription, révolu depuis 2001, a puissamment ancré dans les représentations du sens commun l’idée que le quotidien des soldats est fait d’attentes et d’ennui, autant de « temps morts » que les soldats cherchent à occuper tant bien que mal. La disponibilité juridique des militaires a des conséquences très concrètes sur l’organisation de leur travail et informe leur rapport au temps engagé dans l’activité de préparation au combat. L’attente fait partie du « boulot ». Elle est à la fois un levier de pouvoir et un effet induit par l’organisation du travail militaire. L’idée du présent article n’est pas de scruter le « temps de l’engagement » par rapport aux temporalités sociales structurant les biographies, mais bien le temps dans l’engagement, lorsque les troupes sont au travail. Durant leur préparation au déploiement opérationnel, se transmettent des attentes et des anticipations sur ce que sera le combat. Ce faisant, le collectif militaire s’entretient. De l’attente on passe aux attentes, et les maximes militaires sur le temps d’attente deviennent révélatrices du rapport entretenu par les soldats à la temporalité objective du combat.
Image Analysis for Historical Japanese Book Archives
Authors: Panichkriangkrai Chulapong , Li Liang , Walker Ross , Hachimura Kozaburo
Published: September 2014

This paper describes methods of image analysis for historical Japanese book archives with a dominant focus on character segmentation. The segmentation methodology includes stain and smear removal, binarization, character line extraction, and character extraction by region labeling with integration and separation techniques. The experimental results show that the proposed method can segment all text lines correctly and can extract more than 79% of the characters from 16 pages of Chinsetsu Yumiharizuki, containing 176 text lines and a total of 5181 quite complicated characters.
Business Ethics Perceptions of Working Adults
Authors: Nguyen Lam D. , Lee Kuo-Hao , Mujtaba Bahaudin G. , Silanont Sorasak Paul
Published: September 2014

Businesses nowadays face urgent demands to act ethically and socially responsibly. Some believe that ethically responsible companies design and use corporate governance that serves all stakeholders' interests to achieve competitive advantage and maintaining ethical behavior is very important through corporate governance. Thus, an ethical business environment is critical and ethical behavior is expected of everyone in the modern workplace. Companies devote many resources and training programs to make sure their employees live according to the high ethical standards. This study used Clark and Clark's (1966) Personal Business Ethics Scores (PBES) measure to examine the relationship between gender, age, management experience, ethics course taken, and ethics training to ethical maturity of Thai working adults. This research surveyed 236 Thai working adults to measure their Personal Business Ethics Scores (PBES). Statistically significant differences were found in the variables of ethics course taken and ethics training. Gender, age, and management experience, however, did not lead to any significant differences. Consequently, Kohlberg's Cognitive Moral Development theory regarding ethical maturity is partly supported since respondents with more ethics education and training have higher business ethics scores than those without ethics education and training. In this study, Thai background and cultural dimension, as well as literature on moral development and ethics, are presented along with practical applications, suggestions and implications for educators, managers, and employees.
Consumer Culture Theory
Authors: Bajde Domen
Published: September 2014

Consumer culture theory helps us take note of the cultural forces and dynamics in which technology consumption is entangled. It enables people to articulate the cultural processes (ideological, mythic, ritualistic, etc.) through which cultural meanings become granted to or denied to technological innovations, thus shaping the value of technologies as cultural resources sustaining consumer identities. In its urge to shed light on these aspects, CCT tends to reinforce the gaps and asymmetries between the “socio-cultural” and the “techno-material”, leaving plenty of room for further study. The authors outline the strengths and limitations of CCT to offer several tentative suggestions as to how ANT and CCT might draw on each other to enrich our understanding of technology consumption.
A Conceptual Model for Measuring Reverse Logistics Performance in Automobile Industry
Authors: Khalili-Damghani Kaveh , Najmodin Maryam
Published: September 2014

Nowadays, organizations are facing two major challenges. First, huge amount of consumed products is considerably destructing the environment and on the other hand, because of increasing competition in business environment, creating long-lasting competitive advantage and long-term relation with customers has become a necessity for organizations to survive and thrive. In this competitive condition, increasing emphasis on protecting environment has made manufacturers to look at reverse logistics as an important competitive factor. So in recent years, many researchers' and practitioners' attention has been focused on reverse logistics and related topics. Regarding the lack of knowledge in the literature of reverse logistics in Iran industry, this research aims to contribute to the body of knowledge in this field of supply chain and specifically talks about reverse logistics performance measurement in auto industry. This paper introduces a conceptual model which measures reverse logistics performance in auto industry and identifies the most important reverse logistics factors and classifies them. The offered model has been verified by structural equation modeling method and fit statistics have been assessed in auto-industry of Iran. The results of this research will exhibit a proper classification of factors which influence reverse logistics performance and their significance in auto-industry.
The Tetrad Influences
Authors: Durrani Usman Khan , Pita Zijad , Richardson Joan
Published: September 2014

The Software Configuration Management (SCM) process with its origin in hardware development was first applied to the software development environment in the 1950's. Since then many IT dynamics associated with this process have evolved, such as, software development methodologies, software process improvement standards, computing environments, and organizational needs. Through the observation of these IT dynamics, which the researchers called “the tetrad influences”, it is now apparent that there is a need to look into new adaptable approaches to apply the SCM process for traceability and governance. In this paper, we will present a conceptual framework highlighting the tetrad influences on the SCM process and will propose a Software configuration Adaptable Lean Agile Management “SALAM” model as a solution. We contribute a case study of a large Australian IT project where hybrid project teams delivered a consolidated software product in a hybrid cloud computing environment.
VIKOR and its Applications
Authors: Yazdani Morteza , Graeml Felipe R.
Published: September 2014

Recently, Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) tools have increasingly been expanded to help researchers and practitioners to evaluate and select the best compromise alternatives. Among popular MCDM methods, Vlsekriterijumska Optimizacija I KOmpromisno Resenje (VIKOR) has attracted much attention to cope with complex problems with conflict factors. The current study conducted a state-of-the-art literature review to embody the research on VIKOR and its applications. The paper structure consists of 198 papers from more than 100 journals and conference proceedings since 2002 which were classified into nine categories: 1) Design and manufacturing management, 2) Business and marketing management, 3) Supply chain and logistics management, 4) Environmental resources and energy management, 5) Construction management, 6) Education management, 7) Health-care and risk management, 8) Tourism management, and 9) Other topics. The last topic contains Information and knowledge management, Mine industry, etc. The study also proposes four classifications: 1) Publication year, 2) Journals, 3) other techniques combined or compared with VIKOR, and 4) Keywords distribution by VIKOR papers specifications. Finally, it was proposed forthcoming areas of study and recommendations for practical means. This study intends to generate insights on decision making techniques.
Analysis and Implementation of Factors Affecting e-Governance Adoption in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Maliki Saeed Q. Al-Khalidi
Published: September 2014

For the last five years, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has taken a leading role in the Middle East in providing effective electronic government (e-government) services and encouraging their use. The global average for government website usage by citizens is about 30%. The vast majority of Saudi citizens visit government offices to obtain information rather than making transactions through government portals. However, it is apparent that the rate of global e-government adoption has fallen below expectations, although some countries are doing better than others. Clearly, a better understanding of why and how citizens use government websites, as well as their general disposition towards e-governance, is an important research issue. This paper advances the discussion on this issue by proposing a conceptual model of e-government adoption that places users at the focal point of e-government adoption strategies.
Face-to-Face Interface in Software Development
Authors: Jasimuddin Sajjad M.
Published: September 2014

The study investigates the power and potentials of face to face (F-2-F) conversation as a medium of knowledge exchange among software engineers in the context of a high-tech laboratory of a Fortune 100 corporation. This research is based on a qualitative case study design. A number of reasons underlying the preference for F-2-F interaction to transfer knowledge are identified. The analysis also provides evidence that software engineers also face difficulties in using F-2-F conversation as a medium of knowledge exchange. Such findings may be useful to managers and practitioners as the paper proposes an integrated approach where an organization can use both F-2-F and computer-mediated mechanisms simultaneously in a balanced manner.
The Role of Information Quality of a Website
Authors: Maity Moutusy
Published: September 2014

Understanding the nature of information quality in the context of consumer information search on a website is vital for Information Systems as well as for marketing managers who want to use their websites for strategic purposes. This study brings together the Information Systems (IS) Success Model and consumer information search literature to propose and test a comprehensive model investigating information quality, and extends the IS Success Model. Our model tests antecedents to and consequences of information quality of a website. Findings on data collected from 575 respondents reveal that perceived cost and self efficacy (among others) are significant antecedents to information quality. Findings also reveal that information quality significantly affects online WOM and trust, which has implications for managing users on social media as well as on websites. This study adds to the literature on IS and on consumer information search, and offers practical guidelines for managers.
TLR9 Transcriptional Regulation in Response to Double-Stranded DNA Viruses
Authors: Zannetti Claudia , Parroche Peggy , Panaye Marine , Roblot Guillaume , Gruffat Henri , Manet Evelyne , Debaud Anne Laure , Plumas Joel , Vey Nelly , Caux Christophe , Bendriss-Vermare Nathalie , Hasan Uzma Ayesha
Published: September 2014

The stimulation of TLRs by pathogen-derived molecules leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Because uncontrolled inflammation can be life threatening, TLR regulation is important; however, few studies have identified the signaling pathways that contribute to the modulation of TLR expression. In this study, we examined the relationship between activation and the transcriptional regulation of TLR9. We demonstrate that infection of primary human epithelial cells, B cells, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells with dsDNA viruses induces a regulatory temporary negative-feedback loop that blocks TLR9 transcription and function. TLR9 transcriptional downregulation was dependent on TLR9 signaling and was not induced by TLR5 or other NF-κB activators, such as TNF-α. Engagement of the TLR9 receptor induced the recruitment of a suppressive complex, consisting of NF-κBp65 and HDAC3, to an NF-κB cis element on the TLR9 promoter. Knockdown of HDAC3 blocked the transient suppression in which TLR9 function was restored. These results provide a framework for understanding the complex pathways involved in transcriptional regulation of TLR9, immune induction, and inflammation against viruses.
Rotation Algebras and the Exel Trace Formula
Authors: Hua Jiajie , Lin Huaxin
Published: September 2014

We show that ifuandvare any two unitaries in a unitalC*–algebra such that ∥uv−vu∥ < 2 anduvu*v* commutes withuandv, then theC*–subalgebraAu,vgenerated by u and v is isomorphic to a quotient of some rotation algebraAθ, provided thatAu;vhas a unique tracial state. We also show that the Exel trace formula holds in any unitalC*–algebra. Let θ ∊ (−1/2, 1/2) be a real number. For any ∊ > 0; we prove that there exists ζ > 0 satisfying the following: if u and v are two unitaries in any unital simpleC*–algebra A with tracial rank zero such that

for all tracial states τof A; then there exists a pair of unitariesandin A such that
Factors affecting growth and phenolic pigment production by Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler
Authors: Singh Balwant , Bajaj K. L. , Bhatia I. S.
Published: September 2014

The effect of factors such as composition of medium, pH, temperature and inoculation time on the amount of mycelial mass quantity and nature of phenolic pigments produced by the fungus Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler has been studied. Alternaria alternata had maximum mycelial growth when the basal synthetic medium at pH 5.5, a temperature of 25° and incubation period of 12 days was used. The production of total phenolic pigment was maximum at temperature of 35° when the fungus was incubated for 9 days using basal synthetic medium. Addition of phenolic compouns such as tyrosine and gallic acid to the medium markedly increased the mycelial mass production but resulted in a suppression of phenolic pigment production of the fungus while salicylic acid, cinnamic acid and catechol completely suppressed the growth.
Enzymatic activity of mycorrhizal fungi. II
Authors: Pachlewski R. , Chruściak E.
Published: September 2014

An attempt bas been made to evaluate the participation of mycorrhizal fungi in the process of degradation of some aromatic compounds. 24 strains of ectomycorrhizal fungi, l ectendomycorrhizal stram and 11 nonmycorrhizal strains which decomposed wood were investigated. The observations were aimed at showing the synthesis by these fungi of laccase, peroxidase and tyrosinase. None of these fungi synthetized peroxidase.
Invesligations on carotenoids in fungi. IX. Dacrymycetaceae
Authors: Czeczuga Bazyli
Published: September 2014

The autor used column and thin-layer chromatography to determine the occurrence and quantitative relationships of particular carotenoids in fruit-bodies of the Calocera viscosa and Dacrymyces deliquescens. The predominant carotenoid was β-carotene and its derivatives.
Entomophthora muscae — moisture as a factor affecting its transmission and conidial germination
Authors: Kramer John P.
Published: September 2014

The role played by moisture in the transmission of Entomophthora muscae and in the germination of its conidia was investigated. A majority of adult house flies exposed to conidial showers that fell upon surfaces covered with droplets of condensation acquired the parasite, while no flies exposed to conidial showers that fell upon dry surfaces did so. A microscopical study of conidial showers showed that germination was practically non-existent on dry surfaces while a vast majority of conidia that fell upon a droplet-covered surface germinated. A method for the in vivo culture of E. muscae was developpd and 11 serial passages of the fungus were achieved. Resting spores rather than conidia became the dominant form produced in the cadavers, and flies in a twelfth group remained unifected.
Studies on certain aspects of root surface fungi III. Effect of harvesting
Authors: Kanaujia R. S.
Published: September 2014

The effect of harvesting oi above ground part on the succession of fungi on crown, middle and distal regions of decomposing roots of Pennisetum typhoides (Burm f.) Stapf et Hubb. was investigated for a period of six months (January to June, 1971). The number of fungal species was generally lower in harvested plants than in standing plants whereas the fungal population exhibited the reverse trend. The amino acids, sugars. cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin components of the roots in different vertical regions were assessed and a correlation was established between the above factors and fungal succession in the two sets of plants. It was also noticed that roots in all the depths decomposed earlier than the set where aerial parts were left intact and no phytotoxins were detected in the harvested set against standing one where vanilic acid and 3-4 dihydroxy benzoic acids were chromatogrammed during Maroh and April. The pH and moisture content exhibited a poor correlation with the fungal succession. Deuteromycetes along with few Phycomycetes in the beginning, Deuteromycetes with few Ascomycetes in the second phase and Deuteromycetes along with Mycelia sterilia in the third phase were isolated.
New and less known species Helotiales collected in the Roztocze National Park in Poland
Authors: Chmiel Maria A.
Published: September 2014

The short description of 15 species of Helotiales collected in the Roztocze National Park is given. The majority they are reported from Poland for the first time, or they are known at very few sites.
Seed-borne fungi, especially pathogens, of spring wheat
Authors: Dawood Mahamed K.
Published: September 2014

The present investigations were carried out on seeds of the spring wheat var. 'Kolibri'. Storage was at either 12 or 15% moisture seed content, and temperature degrees of labile, 0°C, 25-30°C for a periods extended to 18 months. Seeds remained -healthy at 12% M. C., and 15% and 0°C. Mycological analysis of frosh and stored seeds revealed great difference among their fungal flora. Sporadic amounts of certain fungal pathogens, from the Fusarium genus, were isolated from seeds. In relation of seed-borne fungi to the health stale of plants developing, results of pot experiments showed the possibility of spread certain pathogens of Fusarium from seed to stem of the developing plant. The fungal communities of seeds or plants does not limit, in general, the development of these pathogens Fusartum culmorum, F. poae, F. equiseti. Fusarium culmorum was found, under the present work, to be a most severe infectous agent of foot rot disease of wheat crop var. 'Kolibri'.
New and less known species of the genus Ramalina Ach. in Western Bieszczady
Authors: Sulma Tadeusz , Bystrek Jan
Published: September 2014

Listed in the paper are localities of occurrence of six Ramalina Ach. species found in herbarium material collected by T. Sulma. Three of the species: R. obtusata (Arn.) Bitt., R. baltica Lett. and R. fullax Mot. have not been noted from Bieszczady before.
A contribution to the chorology of some Gasteromycetes in Poland
Authors: Calonge Francisco , Ławrynowicz Maria
Published: September 2014

Several new localities of Scleroderma areolatum Ehrenb., Disciseda bovista (Klotzsch) P. Hennigs, Mycenastrum corium (Guersent ex Lam. et D.C.) Desv., and Pisoiithus arhizus (Pers.) Rausch., mostly in central Poland, are established. Maps of their distribution regarding all localities known till now in Poland are presented in the paper.
Supplementary notes to the biology of Cordyceps entomorrhiza (Dicks. ex Fr.) Link and the morphology of its conidial stages
Authors: Bałazy Stanisław
Published: September 2014

Cordyceps entomorrhiza develops on the larvae, pupae and adults on the ground beetles Carabus spp. (Coleoptera, Carabidae) and on the bugs (Heteroptera, Nabidae) ot the genera Himacerus Wolff et Nabis Latr. There are two forms of the conidial sporulation of this fungus with an identical sporogenesis type (Phialosporae) but different as to the arrangement of sporogenous cells (Tilachiadtopsis and Hymenostilbe-like) The names Tilachlidiopsis hippotrichoides (Lindau) Keisler and T. nigra Yakushiji et Kumazawa should be treated as synonymous; they refer to the conidial stage of C. entomorrhiza, Hirsutella dla eleutheratorum (Nees ex Fr.) Petch — contrary to the hitherto existing notion — is not connected with the above mentioned fungus. It constitutes a separate species, close to or identical with H. entomophila Pat.
The participation of fungi to leach the metals from their oxides
Authors: Orłowska Bogumiła , Gołąb Zbigniew , Starosta Jan
Published: September 2014

The possibility to apply fungi to leach the metals from their oxides has been investigated. Some oxides were found to biological leaching. The mechanism of this process is probably connected with production of oxalic acid by those organisms.
Rare and new Laboulbeniales from Poland. VIII
Authors: Majewski Tomasz
Published: September 2014

Stands were reported for 10 species ot Laboulbeniales new for Poland, including those new for science: Euphoriomyces huggertii on Proteinus brachypterus and Acrulia inflata, Hydrophilomyces pusillus on Ochthebius minimus, Rickia georgii on Hypoaspis cuneifer and Rickia protein on Proteinus spp.
Fungi of Delhi. XXXIV. Zygorhynchus japonicus, a new record from India and its hyperparasite
Authors: Grupta Rani , Mukerji K. G.
Published: September 2014

Zygorhynchus japonicus was isolated from decaing leaves of Corchorus olitorius. This is a new record from India and a second report after its isolation. Aspergillus flavus was observed to parasitize it quite frequently and distinctly.
A study of fungi on droppings of certain birds
Authors: Singh C. S.
Published: September 2014

Droppings of fowl, owl, parrot, pigeon and sparrow were asepticaly collected in sterilized bottles from different places at Gorakhpur, 54 fungi were isolated. The number of fungi was more in the pigeon showing considerable decrease in the fowl and the sparrow. In the parrot and the owl, however. the fungi were egual in number. The number of Phycomycetes was almost the same on droppings of all birds, from parrot only one species could be isolated. A larger number of Ascomyteces was recorded from fowl, less from pigeon and owl and the least (two each) on sparrow and parrot droppings. The Basidiomycetes, represented by two species only, were recorded on owl and pigeon droppings. Pigeon droppings yielded the largest number of Deuteromycetes. They were egual in numbers on owl and parrot while on fowl and sparrow their number was comparatively less. Mycelia sterilia, though poor in their numbers, were recorded on all the bird droppings excepting owl.
A preliminary study on the occurrence of Dermatophyles and other keratinophilic fungi in bottom sediments of rivers and lakes
Authors: Ulfig Krzysztof
Published: September 2014

Sam pies of bottom sediments from the Rivers Nacyna, Ruda and from an eutrophic reservoir holding cooling waters were examined for dermatophytes and correlated fungi. The species isolated were: Trichophyton terrestre complex, T. ajelloi (and its perfect form Anhroderma uncinatum). pathogenic strains of T. mentagrophytes and Microsporum cookei; also isolated were five species of the genus Chrysosporium.
A motivação como estratégia para cessação do tabagismo
Authors: Coutinho Lucia Soares Buss , Brun Sandra Regina Martini , Arruda Marina Patrício de
Published: September 2014

Objetivo: conhecer os aspectos motivacionais relacionados ao abandono do hábito de fumar. Métodos: foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com nove ex-fumantes nos seus respectivos domicílios, em um bairro de Lages-SC em cujo serviço de atenção primária atua o Programa de Residência em Medicina de Família e Comunidade. A amostra foi obtida por conveniência, obedecendo aos critérios de inclusão: indivíduos maiores de 18 anos classificados como ex-fumantes. A análise das entrevistas foi realizada por meio do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Resultados: os relatos apresentados evidenciaram a motivação como ferramenta de enfrentamento do tabagismo, ressaltando que ela não é exterior às pessoas, mas, pelo contrário, depende de vontade própria. Conclusão: o processo de abandono do tabagismo é complexo e multifatorial. Exige observação atenta do profissional de saúde e habilidade de criar um ambiente capaz de motivar as pessoas para o cuidado de sua própria saúde.
Inserção da fitoterapia em unidades de saúde da família de São Luís, Maranhão: realidade, desafios e estratégias
Authors: Araujo Waleska Regina Machado , Silva Rômulo Vieira , Barros Clemilson da Silva , Amaral Flavia Maria Mendonça do
Published: September 2014

Objetivo: analisar a inserção da fitoterapia em unidades de saúde da família (USF) no município de São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. Métodos: estudo analítico, observacional e transversal, tendo sido empregado como instrumento de coleta de dados um questionário semiestruturado com perguntas diretas, fechadas e abertas, aplicado aos diretores de USF do município. As variáveis da pesquisa foram categoria profissional, implantação de serviços de fitoterapia nas USF, benefícios da terapêutica na atenção primária, capacitação na área e desafios para efetivação do serviço, com análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Resultados: foram entrevistados 18 diretores, predominando os enfermeiros (50%); 81% dos entrevistados desconheciam as normativas vigentes relacionadas à fitoterapia no âmbito das políticas nacionais de saúde; 94% acreditavam que a oferta da fitoterapia como terapia alternativa e/ou complementar traria benefícios à qualidade de vida da comunidade, sendo constatado ainda que 94% dos profissionais não tinham capacitação na área. Foram relatadas experiências pontuais referentes à fitoterapia por alguns diretores das unidades. Dentre os desafios citados pelos entrevistados, foi enfatizada a necessidade de estrutura física adequada e capacitação profissional. Conclusão: o estudo indica a real possibilidade da inserção da fitoterapia em USF mediante a promoção de mecanismos de capacitação profissional e educação permanente, a priorização do estudo de espécies vegetais locais de uso popular regional e a atuação efetiva da equipe multiprofissional, visando a qualificar a atenção primária e a ampliar o acesso às práticas alternativas e/ou complementares.
Sintomas respiratórios em pacientes atendidos em uma unidade básica de saúde de Goiânia-GO
Authors: Silva Júnior José Laerte Rodrigues , Padilha Thiago Fintelman , Rezende Jordana Eduardo , Rabelo Eliane Consuelo Alves , Ferreira Anna Carolina Galvão , Rabahi Marcelo Fouad
Published: September 2014

Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de sintomas respiratórios em indivíduos que procuram uma unidade básica de saúde, descrevendo as distribuições desses sintomas e dos fatores de risco relacionados com doenças respiratórias. Métodos: estudo transversal em uma unidade básica de saúde de Goiânia-GO. Durante um ano, 44 observações, escolhidas de forma aleatória, foram realizadas, onze em cada estação do ano. Para análise dos dados, foram utilizados teste do qui-quadrado, ANOVA, correlação e regressão robusta univariada. Resultados: dentre os 3.354 indivíduos avaliados, 13,7% (458/3.354) possuíam sintomas respiratórios. A tosse foi o sintoma respiratório mais prevalente, ocorrendo em 91% (417/458) dos casos. Em relação aos que procuraram a unidade de saúde, 4,8% (161/3354) apresentavam tosse por duas semanas ou mais. A proporção dos diferentes sintomas respiratórios (tosse, dispneia e chiado) foi semelhante entre as estações, e as prevalências de sintomas respiratórios encontradas nas quatros estações (inverno, outono, verão e primavera) foram, respectivamente, 20%, 14%, 11,9% e 7,4%. A média do tempo de tosse para idosos foi estatisticamente maior que nos demais grupos (p=0,004). Os tabagistas, ex-tabagistas, portadores de baixo peso, pessoas que referiam pneumonia prévia, asma ou DPOC apresentaram médias de tempo de tosse maiores, mas essas diferenças não foram estatisticamente significativas. O modelo de regressão mostrou aumento do tempo de tosse com aumento da idade (r2=0,08; p=0,0001). Conclusão: as doenças respiratórias perfazem uma importante parcela dos atendimentos da unidade básica de saúde. A prevalência de sintomas respiratórios é maior no inverno e o tempo médio de tosse aumenta com a idade.
A “boca amarga" para o paciente: competência comunicativa intercultural
Authors: Floss Mayara , Siqueira Igor Oliveira Claber , Teixeira Tarso Pereira , Dall'Agnol Arthur Ferronato
Published: September 2014

Objetivo: demonstrar a compreensão dos usuários da Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) Castelo Branco II da cidade de Rio Grande/RS-Brasil em relação à queixa “boca amarga” e discutir a competência comunicativa intercultural necessária à equipe de saúde para a abordagem desses usuários. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa. Os participantes da pesquisa foram agentes comunitários de saúde e usuários atendidos na USF Castelo Branco II. Resultados: a explicação da queixa “boca amarga” faz parte da linguagem do ideário popular e médico. Os tratamentos populares para a queixa envolvem: cura espontânea; uso de chás; medicamentos; e cuidados nutricionais. A maioria dos participantes da pesquisa nunca havia comentado com o seu médico ou outro profissional de saúde sobre a “boca amarga”, sendo que um dos participantes referiu que a “boca amarga” era um “tabu” e citou o constrangimento que existe em discutir o assunto. Conclusões: a população possui uma compreensão cultural própria da queixa “boca amarga”. No entanto, são necessários mais estudos sobre as doenças populares e uma abordagem mais aprofundada das mesmas. Este estudo constitui-se apenas em um enfoque inicial, indispensável para a compreensão da expressão “boca amarga” e da competência comunicativa cultural necessária para os profissionais de saúde.
Falta às consultas médicas agendadas: percepções dos usuários acompanhados pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Izecksohn Mellina Marques Vieira , Ferreira Jaqueline Teresinha
Published: September 2014

Introdução: os motivos que levam o usuário da Estratégia de Saúde da Família a comparecer ou não às consultas médicas programadas precisam ser conhecidos devido ao impacto negativo que as faltas podem causar no serviço de saúde, inclusive de caráter financeiro e no cuidado do usuário. Objetivo: conhecer o motivo e a percepção do usuário quanto à importância de comparecer às consultas agendadas, identificando as razões para o não comparecimento. Métodos: pesquisa quanti-qualitativa, com quantificação de faltosos em duas equipes do Centro de Saúde Escola no período de seis meses e entrevista semiestruturada com 22 pacientes que faltaram ou não às consultas médicas agendadas. Resultados: foi identificado um percentual de faltas de 48,9% no período estudado. O principal motivo para agendamento das consultas dos usuários foi o acompanhamento de sua saúde, o que pode ter diversas interpretações por parte dos profissionais de saúde e dos pacientes. Entre os motivos citados para as faltas às consultas, destacaram-se o esquecimento assim como o agendamento em horários inoportunos. Alguns ruídos na comunicação entre os usuários com a Unidade de Saúde também foram identificados, como a impossibilidade de cancelamento do encontro sem que o usuário compareça ao serviço. Conclusões: o estudo permitiu a identificação de aspectos relacionados à organização do serviço de saúde e ao usuário que interferem na assiduidade, assim como das propostas que podem melhorar o comparecimento às consultas médicas tais como diversificar as formas de agendamento, contato telefônico prévio, escutar o usuário, entre outros.
Diagnóstico e manejo do herpes-zóster pelo médico de família e comunidade
Authors: Coelho Pedro Alexandre Barreto , Coelho Priscila Barreto , Carvalho Natalia de Campos , Duncan Michael Schmidt
Published: September 2014

O herpesvírus que causa a varicela (catapora) persiste de forma latente no sistema nervoso, podendo se reativar e propagar através das raízes nervosas e se manifestar de forma tardia através de lesões cutâneas dolorosas, condição essa denominada herpes-zóster. O diagnóstico é primariamente clínico, devendo ser feito diagnóstico diferencial com impetigo, dermatite de contato, dermatite herpetiforme e, também, com o próprio herpes simples. Uma vez confirmado o diagnóstico, o tratamento deve ser instituído nas primeiras 72 horas após a erupção das lesões e tem como base a terapia antiviral. Dentre os antivirais, o valaciclovir e o fanciclovir têm eficácia superior quando comparados ao aciclovir. A complicação mais frequente do herpes-zóster é a neuralgia pós-herpética, usualmente manejada com antidepressivos tricíclicos, anticonvulsivantes, lidocaína tópica ou capsaicina. Recentemente foi introduzida no Brasil uma vacina de vírus atenuado para o herpes-zóster, composta pelo mesmo vírus da vacina contra varicela, porém em concentração maior. Entretanto, essa vacina ainda apresenta custo elevado e não está disponível no Sistema Único de Saúde.
Strategies for Measuring Quality of Life among Pediatric Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Annunziato Rachel A. , Parbhakar Meera , Helcer Jacqueline , Kapoor Kathryn , Henkel Kristen , Arnon Ronen
Published: September 2014

Objective

Quality of life (QoL) has become a mainstay in the outcome assessment of pediatric solid-organ transplant recipients. Yet, how QoL is operationalized and measured varies drastically. It may be very difficult for clinicians and researchers to determine which methods of QoL assessment best meet the needs of their patients or study. The purpose of this literature review is to describe and evaluate the current status of QoL measurement in studies of pediatric solid-organ transplant recipients.

Data Sources

Searches of PubMed and PsycINFO from January 1985 to February 2012.

Study Selection

English peer-reviewed publications that described a method for measuring QoL whether it was a standardized questionnaire, qualitative approach, or another way of operationalizing the construct.

Data Extraction

QoL measurement strategies were extracted from 43 studies that met inclusion criteria.

Data Synthesis

Each article was reviewed and summarized by 2 study team members.

Conclusions

Many different strategies were used for measurement, and some were not consistent with established conceptualizations of QoL. Overall recommendations for best practices are offered. Detailed information about specific measures is included, and measures that seem to capture the construct well are recommended. Additionally, our review highlighted the importance of using a “battery approach,” including child and parent report as well as considering other variables, such as patient's age, when selecting a QoL measurement strategy.
A Need to Adopt New Strategies for Organ Donation in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Jawdat Dunia , Shubaili Abdullah , Gattan Manal , Sutton Paul , Anazi Hanan Al , Alanzi Aishah , Hajeer Ali H.
Published: September 2014

Background

HLA matching in kidney transplantation is a major factor in long-term survival of the graft. In Saudi Arabia, most deceased donors are non-Saudi, making it difficult to achieve minimal HLA mismatches between donor and recipient.

Objective

To analyze HLA types of 200 deceased donors and compare them with the Saudi population's HLA types.

Materials and Methods

In a retrospective study analyzing HLA types of the last 398 deceased donors processed in a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, HLA types of all donors were compared with HLA types from a control group of healthy Saudi persons.

Results

HLA types were significantly different between the deceased donor group and the Saudi population. In all deceased donors, zero mismatches was never achieved. The major differences in HLA types were in HLA-A*02, HLA-B*15, B*40, B*50, HLA-DRB1*14, DRB1*15, and DRB1*04.

Conclusions

As most of our deceased donors are non-Saudis, it is difficult to match for HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR. HLA matching should be attempted nationwide by adopting different strategies, including typing donors centrally and distributing results to all centers, agreeing on a national point system for allocating organs from deceased donors, and making HLA matching a priority, especially for highly sensitized patients.