bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social and demographic structure of the Talerhof internment camp (1914–1917)
Authors: Iurlov Aleksandr R.
Published: May 2022

The Talerhof internment camp became the place of imprisonment of many thousands of representatives of the Ruthenian people of Austria-Hungary in 1914–1917, however, there is still no historical portrait of the prisoner of the camp. The creation of a database containing information about the prisoners of Talerhof made it possible to recreate the socio-demographic structure of the camp. As a result of the study, it was found that only every tenth prisoner of the camp was a Russophile. The research made it possible to compile a portrait of an average prisoner and, in some cases, to recreate their path to Talerhof, and to identify the key causes of deaths in the camp. The assumptions of V.R. Vavrik about the violent death of over 3,000 prisoners in the Talerhof camp were called into question. The study fills a number of significant gaps in the historiography of the Russophile movement during the First World War. For instance, in Russian and foreign historiography there is still no consensus on the institutional status of the Talerhof camp. The restoration of its social and demographic structure, as well as the historical portrait of the camp’s prisoner, allows us to make a reasonable conclusion that the camp was not a concentration camp, and Thalerhof’s victims were people who were not involved in Russophile political crimes against the Austro-Hungarian monarchy during the First World War. The results make it possible to intensify scientific discussions about the historical status of the Russophile issue in the structure of Russian-Ukrainian relations and its significance for current political events.
Parental leave vs. competition for clients: Motherhood penalty in competitive work environments
Authors: Halrynjo Sigtona , Mangset Marte
Published: May 2022

Objective: This paper explores the role of parental leave for gendered career patterns in individualized, competitive labor markets in Norway, a culturally and politically family-friendly and gender-equal society.
Background: Despite family-friendly policies and little prejudice against mothers, there is a significant gap in wages and careers between mothers and fathers in Norway. This is particularly true in individualized, competitive parts of the labor market, such as finance banking. To understand this pattern, we must examine the institutionalized rules of the game in which portfolio workers, with individual responsibility for their portfolio of clients, operate.
Method: Drawing on in-depth interviews with 30 women and men working in Norwegian business banking, we analyze accounts of parental leave practices and how these bankers navigate the market conditions.
Results: The analyses show how the market structure for finance banking and portfolio careers limits family policies, changing parenthood norms, and firms’ goodwill. Fathers postpone, split, and adapt "leave" to fit clients' needs, thus sustaining their portfolio and career progress. In contrast, mothers, who typically take longer actual leave, give up clients and start from scratch upon return.
Conclusion: Gendered use of parental leave within competitive market conditions leads to gendered career and wage patterns. More individualized competition in the wider labor market may increase inequality in parenting and careers, despite favorable cultural norms and policies, as long as public authorities, firms, and families accept individualized logics and gender-unequal practices of parental leave.
AT TA’LÎM AL IBDÂ’I ABRA NIZÂM IDARAT AT TA’LÎM (LMS) MOODLE KAWASÎLAT TA’LÎM AL LUGHAH AL ARABIYAH FI AL ‘ASHR AL SHINÂ’I 4.0 NAHWA ‘ASHR 5.0
Authors: Sultan Sultan , Atmaja Dwi Surya , Husein Sudi Yahya
Published: May 2022

This study aims to reveal creative education through the application of the LearningManagement System (LMS) MODEL as a means of teaching Arabic and principles inchoosing educational methods in the industrial era 4.0. Education in the digital era orwhat is known as the industrial era 4.0 must be accompanied by technology that makesit easier for lecturers and students in the educational process, including Arabic.Researchers obtained data through interviews, observation and documentation, thenanalyzed through a ranking process as follows: data reduction, where in this processthe researcher collected and recorded data, filtered, compiled and focused on mattersrelated to the research topic. Then they present a summary of the data and concludewith a conclusion. The researcher reached the results of the study that theimplementation of the Learning Management System (LMS) MODEL as a method oflearning Arabic in the Department of Arabic Language Education at the IslamicUniversity in general resulted in an increase in students' language skills. In addition,education through the application of the Learning Management System (LMS)MODEL as a means of teaching Arabic accommodates a list space for students todiscuss and send messages and allows them to interact among themselves and betweenstudents and teachers, leading to various interactions towards better language skills,and produce optimal language skill competencies because there are no time and placelimitations in the educational process.
Cold snare polypectomy and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors
Authors: Suwa Tetsuya , Takizawa Kohei
Published: May 2022

Although the diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs) have been increasing, the natural history and treatment outcomes remain unclear. Due to the anatomical characteristics of the duodenum, clinicians should be more sensitive to the occurrence of complications for tumors in the duodenum compared to other gastrointestinal tumors. Recently, with the expectation of minimally invasive treatment, cold snare polypectomy (CSP) and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) have been accepted as simple and safe endoscopic treatments for SNADETs. In our institution, CSP achieved good treatment outcomes: a median procedure time of 3 (range, 1-23) min, an en bloc resection rate of 96.9%, an R0 resection rate of 50.0%, and a low incidence of adverse events (no delayed bleeding and no intra- and postoperative perforation). Moreover, UEMR also achieved good treatment outcomes: a median procedure time of 5 (range, 1-104) min, an en bloc resection rate of 82.9%, an R0 resection rate of 52.0%, and a low incidence of adverse events (delayed bleeding occurred in 2.6% of cases, and there were no incidences of no intra- and postoperative perforation). Residual recurrences occurred in two lesions (4.1%) that were treated with CSP and three lesions (4.8%) that were treated with UEMR, but these recurrences could be treated by re-endoscopic resection. Although there are limited data on these treatments for SNADETs, some previous reports and our data suggest that CSP could be indicated for adenomas sized 10 mm or less and that UEMR could be indicated for adenomas sized 10-20 mm and for intramucosal carcinomas. However, at present, the number of cases evaluated is still insufficient, and further studies are needed to evaluate long-term outcomes with enough cases.
Political and Legal Features of the Fight Against Human Trafficking in the Conditions of Political Polarization and Hybridization
Authors: Oskina E.
Published: May 2022

The problem of human trafficking is becoming more global every year, today almost all countries of the world are affected in the chain of the country of origin - the country of destination. Third world countries due to a complex of push factors (economic difficulties, social tensions, poverty, internal wars and conflicts, etc.) are increasingly becoming countries of origin for future victims of human trafficking. Migration flows create a gray area that is difficult to regulate by legislation. It is this zone that becomes the target of criminal networks for human trafficking. Developing countries, due to a poorly organized supervisory apparatus, do not track the movement of their citizens as migrants. Developed countries, which often become the end point for further exploitation, do not make all the necessary efforts to identify victims and repatriate them. The whole complex of problems contributes to the prosperity of the human trafficking business. However, in the field of political and legal understanding of this problem, there are a large number of shortcomings. The most significant of them are the weakness of the Palermo Protocol (the most universal and comprehensive regulatory act in the fight against human trafficking), simplified identification of types of human trafficking and artificial politicization of the problem. The purpose of this article is to consider the main shortcomings of the political and legal features of the fight against human trafficking in the context of the struggle of countries for their national interests and changing means and methods of confrontation between states.
Environmental performance of urban integration regions of Chengdu, Deyang, Meishan and Ziyang, based on DPSIR model
Authors: Shang Yingnan , Zhou Xiaoying , Wei Wei , Wen Bo , Wang Jiecai , Wang Qin , Jiang Yijing , Li Zuocheng
Published: May 2022

The paper focuses on the quantitative assessment of the environmental performance of the Urban Integration region of Chengdu, Deyang, Meishan, and Ziyang (Chengdemeizi Urban Integration) in 2015-2019, including the overall level, changing trends of the environmental performance, and the key factors that influence the environmental performance. The theme framework and driver-force-pressure-state-impact-response (DPSIR) model is used to build the evaluation indicator system, the target approximation method and the combination weighting method are adopted to calculate the environmental performance index (EPI). In addition, the Pearson correlation analysis with GDP is performed to analyze the relationship between environmental performance and the economic development level of the Urban Integration region. The results indicated that regional average scores of comprehensive environmental performances show an obvious improvement trend and had significantly positive correlation with economic level from 2015 to 2019. For the EPIs of 2nd indicators, environmental quality is the main restrictive indicator. For the EPIs of 3rd indicators, air quality, noise, and environmental management are the main restrictive indicators. Each city has different performance, and the order of EPI scores of the four cities from largest to smallest is Chengdu > Deyang > Ziyang > Meishan. Therefore, the four cities need to continuously improve their respective shortcoming environmental performance indicators and promote the balanced improvement of indicators at all levels.
Triassic Diamondiferous Tuffaceous–Sedimentary Rocks in the Arctic Zone of Siberia
Authors: Grakhanov S.A. , Proskurnin V.F. , Petrov O.V. , Sobolev N.V.
Published: May 2022

In the Arctic zone of Siberia, large diamond occurrences have been discovered in volcaniclastic, sedimentary–volcaniclastic, volcanosedimentary, and sedimentary rocks of the upper Ladinian strata and the base of the Carnian (Triassic) strata. They are confined to the Primorye mineragenic zone, which is traced along the Laptev Sea water area from the western Verkhoyansk area to eastern Taimyr. We have first identified a specific range of diamonds in these deposits. Among the rounded crystals of varieties I, II, V, and VII, there are grains with a light carbon isotope composition and high nitrogen contents. They have no analogues in typomorphic features in the known primary deposits of Yakutia but are completely similar to diamonds in the Rhaetian, Early Jurassic, Late Jurassic, Early Cretaceous, Neogene, and Quaternary commercial placers and placer occurrences, which suggests their formation as a result of the erosion of Triassic sources.
The estimated disease burden of acute COVID-19 in the Netherlands in 2020, in disability-adjusted life-years
Authors: McDonald Scott A. , Lagerweij Giske R. , de Boer Pieter , de Melker Hester E. , Pijnacker Roan , Gras Lapo Mughini , Kretzschmar Mirjam E. , Hartog Gerco den , Gageldonk-Lafeber Arianne B. van ,   RIVM COVID-19 surveillance and epidemiology team, Hof Susan van den , Wallinga Jacco
Published: May 2022

Background.
The impact of COVID-19 on population health is recognised as being substantial, yet few studies have attempted to quantify to what extent infection causes mild or moderate symptoms only, requires hospital and/or ICU admission, results in prolonged and chronic illness, or leads to premature death. We aimed to quantify the total disease burden of acute COVID-19 in the Netherlands in 2020 using the disability-adjusted life-years (DALY) measure, and to investigate how burden varies between age-groups and occupations.
Methods.
Using standard methods and diverse data sources (mandatory notifications, population-level seroprevalence, hospital and ICU admissions, registered COVID-19 deaths, and the literature), we estimated years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability, DALY and DALY per 100,000 population due to COVID-19, excluding post-acute sequelae, stratified by 5-year age-group and occupation category.
Results.
The total disease burden due to acute COVID-19 was 286,100 (95% CI:281,700–290,500) DALY, and the per-capita burden was 1640 (95% CI:1620–1670) DALY/100,000, of which 99.4% consisted of YLL. The per-capita burden increased steeply with age, starting from 60–64 years, with relatively little burden estimated for persons under 50 years old.
Conclusions.
SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated premature mortality was responsible for a considerable direct health burden in the Netherlands, despite extensive public health measures. DALY were much higher than for other high-burden infectious diseases, but lower than estimated for coronary heart disease. These findings are valuable for informing public health decision-makers regarding the expected COVID-19 health burden among population subgroups, and the possible gains from targeted preventative interventions.
Geometric Mediator Structures, Transition Dynamics and Force Constants
Authors: Koehler Dale. R.
Published: May 2022

It is shown in the present work that the distorted-space model of matter can describe conventional force-constants and transition-mediator structures. We use the verbiage “distorted” to communicate the concept of “energetic warping” to distinguish “spatial warping” from “classical matter warping”, although the concept of “matter” is in fact, in the present context, the “geometric distortion energy” of the spatial manifold itself without a classical “matter stress-energy source”. The “distorted-geometry” structures exhibit non-Newtonian features wherein the hole or core-region fields of the structures are energetically-repulsive (negative pressure), do not behave functionally in an r-4 manner and terminate at zero at the radial origin (no singularity). Near the core of the distortion the magnetic fields dominate the energy-densities of the structures thereby departing from classical particle-structure descriptions. Black-body radiation-emission and structural modeling lead to a description of transition dynamics and photonic entities.
Characteristic clinicopathological findings, prognosis and Epstein–Barr virus infection in rheumatoid arthritis patients with methotrexate-associated T/NK-lymphoproliferative disorders
Authors: Kimura Shoichi , Oshiro Yumi , Iwasaki Hiromi , Kadowaki Masanori , Ogata Masao , Daa Tsutomu , Sakata Toshifumi , Kawauchi Shigeto , Wang Ziyao , Takamatsu Yasushi , Takeshita Morishige
Published: May 2022

Background: Methotrexate (MTX)-associated T/natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (TNKLPDs) are rare in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and patients generally recover after MTX withdrawal. Methods: We investigated the clinicopathological characteristics, genetic findings, therapeutic response, and prognostic factors in 21 RA patients with MTX-associated TNKLPDs, which were compared with those of 38 with MTX-associated B-cell LPDs (BLPDs). Results: Immunohistologically, 11 patients (52%) showed CD4+ TLPDs, and seven had a T follicular helper (TFH) phenotype. The other nine patients (43%) showed CD8+ TLPDs, and remaining one (5%) had features of CD3+ CD4− CD8− CD30+ nasal type TNK-cell lymphoma. CD30+, p53+, and CMYC+ atypical lymphocytes were identified in seven (33%), eight (38%), and five (24%) patients, respectively. In situ hybridisation detected Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-encoded RNA (EBER)+ large atypical lymphocytes in five patients (24%). Nine of 17 patients (53%) showed clonal peaks of TCRγ by polymerase chain reaction. MTX withdrawal was effective in 12 patients (57%), and eight (38%) received chemotherapies. Two patients with TFH+ or EBV+ CD4+ CD30+ large cell peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), one of CD8+ systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and two of systemic EBV+ CD8+ T-cell lymphoma showed a lethal progressive clinical course within 13 months. Over than 500 U/L LDH, large atypical lymphocytes, expressions of CD30, p53, CMYC, and EBER in atypical lymphocytes were significantly poor prognostic factors for overall survival (p < 0.05, respectively). Mean interval from RA onset to TNKLPDs was 72 months, which was shorter than 166 in BLPDs (p = 0.003). EBV+ atypical and reactive lymphocytes were frequently found in 15 patients with TNKLPDs (71%) and 27 with BLPDs (71%). Conclusions: RA patients with MTX-associated TNKLPDs occurred in early phase of RA, compared with those of the BLPDs, and occasionally showed a lethal progressive clinical course. Detection of MTX-associated TNKLPD patients with poor prognostic factors is necessary. EBV infection in the immunosuppressive states due to persistent RA, MTX and other biological drugs may play a role in forming the tumour microenvironment and lymphomagenesis of TNKLPDs.
Determination of Ki67 after SARS-CoV-2 infection by enzyme linked immunoassay
Authors: Kldiashvili Ekaterina , Iordanishvili Saba , Shotadze Tamar , Lomidze Mariam
Published: May 2022

Objectives
The immunity status after the sever acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can determine the protection against reinfection and efficacy of vaccination. Although the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 induced immune response need further investigation to provide more data on innate and adaptive immune responses. It can be expected that in case of fail of SARS-CoV-2 induced humoral immunity the adaptive one is developed. The NovaLisa SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) IgG ELISA diagnostical kit (NovaTec Immunodiagnostica GmbH, Germany) for in vitro diagnostic and Human Ki67 ELISA kit (MyBioSource Inc, USA) were used. The study has been performed according to the ELISA kits specific protocols; the absorbance was measured at 450 nm wavelength. For the calculation of results we used the manufacturers’ guidelines.
Results
It has been revealed that: a) 16 (32.7%) samples are negative; b) 5 (10.2%) samples are equivocal; and c) 28 (57.1%) samples are positive for IgG for nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2. Median levels of Ki67 in: a) negative for IgG of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein samples is 14.95 ng/ml; b) equivocal samples is 10.6 ng/ml; and c) positive - 8.3 ng/ml. Increased level of Ki67 correlates with the negative status for IgG of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein.
Combination of long-term 13CO2 labeling and isotopolog profiling allows turnover analysis of photosynthetic pigments in Arabidopsis leaves
Authors: Banh Anh Thi-Mai , Thiele Björn , Chlubek Antonia , Hombach Thomas , Kleist Einhard , Matsubara Shizue
Published: May 2022

Background: Living cells maintain and adjust structural and functional integrity by continual synthesis and degradation of metabolites and macromolecules. The maintenance and adjustment of thylakoid membrane involve turnover of photosynthetic pigments along with subunits of protein complexes. Quantifying their turnover is essential to understand the mechanisms of homeostasis and long-term acclimation of photosynthetic apparatus. Here we report methods combining whole-plant long-term 13CO2 labeling and LC-MS analysis to determine the size of non-labeled population (NLP) of carotenoids and chlorophylls (Chl) in leaf pigment extracts of partially 13C-labeled plants.Results: The labeling chamber enabled parallel 13CO2 labeling of up to 15 plants of Arabidopsis thaliana with real-time environmental monitoring ([CO2], light intensity, temperature, relative air humidity and pressure) and recording during the experiment. No significant difference in growth or photosynthetic pigment composition was found in leaves after 7-d exposure to normal CO2 (~400 ppm) or 13CO2 in the labeling chamber, or in ambient air outside the labeling chamber (control). Following chromatographic separation of the pigments and mass peak assignment by high-resolution Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MS), mass spectra of photosynthetic pigments were analyzed by triple quadrupole MS to calculate NLP. The size of NLP remaining after the 7-d 13CO2 labeling was ~10.3% and ~11.5% for all-trans- and 9-cis-β-carotene, ~21.9% for lutein, ~18.8% for Chl a and 33.6% for Chl b, highlighting non-uniform turnover of these pigments in thylakoids. Comparable results were obtained in all replicate plants of the 13CO2 labeling experiment except for three that were showing anthocyanin accumulation and growth impairment due to insufficient water supply (leading to stomatal closure and less 13C incorporation).Conclusions: Our methods allow 13CO2 labeling and estimation of NLP for photosynthetic pigments with high reproducibility. The results indicate distinct turnover rates of carotenoids and Chls in thylakoid membrane, which can be investigated in the future by time course experiments. Since 13C enrichment can be measured in a range of compounds, long-term 13CO2 labeling chamber, in combination with appropriate MS methods, facilitates turnover analysis of various metabolites and macromolecules in plants on a time scale of hours to days.
Prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in Cattle in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria: Associated drivers and public health challenge
Authors: adeiza abdulrahman Musa , Alhaji Nma Bida , Godwin Enid , Nafarnda Wesley Daniel , Omeiza Gabriel Kehinde , Chinwe Elizabeth
Published: May 2022

This study was undertaken to detect and identify the oocysts of Cryptosporidium and determine its prevalence using cattle feces in the FCT, Nigeria. A total of 400 Cattle fecal samples were screened for Cryptosporidium oocysts using Safranin-Methylene Blue (SMB) staining technique. Cryptosporidium Oocysts were detected in 17.8% (71/400) of the samples. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium in cattle was highest (32.4%, 22/68) in the Gwagwalada Area Council. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Area Councils of the sampled cattle in the FCT (X2 = 16.55; p = 0.005). The questionnaire surveyed variables include cattle breed, age, sex, source of cattle drinking water, consistency of feces, size of herd, and herd management practices. Age, consistency of feces, breed, management practices and size of herd were all associated with prevalence of Cryptosporidium (P < 0.05) in the sampled cattle in FCT. Sex was not associated (P > 0.05) with prevalence of Cryptosporidium This study demonstrated a widespread infection of cattle with Cryptosporidium in the FCT. It is hoped that the outcome of this study would facilitate laboratories to make timely communication of the parasitic infection to the public health authorities for effective control measures.
Design Proposal for High-Sensitive Infrared Metamaterial-Based Sensors
Authors: Askari Mehdi , Farrokhi Zahra , Pakarzadeh Hassan
Published: May 2022

Metamaterial-based infrared sensors have attracted a lot of attention due to their ease of fabrication and various applications. By studying the performance of metamaterial sensors, it has been shown that their sensitivity has the potential of being considerably enhanced. In this paper, sensing capability of various metamaterial architectures, with different geometrical designs, is investigated. The unit cell of the initial considered metamaterial architecture contains two layers so that the first layer consists of two metallic nano-bars and two nano-plates, while the second layer includes a uniform silver plate. For this structure, a nearly perfect absorption behavior, along with a sensing capability with the sensitivity value of 2720 nm/RIU, is observed. By applying some changes to the geometry of this structure, it is found that, for some of the new designs, not only the original behavior of perfect absorption is replaced by the fascinating behavior of electromagnetically induced reflectance (EIR), but also the sensitivity of the corresponding sensors is considerably raised as well. The most interesting result is achieved when the uniform silver plate is completely removed, two cut-bars are horizontally emptied out of the two nano-plates, and a π-shaped metallic element is inserted between the two nano-plates. For this design, an EIR behavior, as well as a high sensitivity value of 4077.2 nm/RIU, is observed. Besides, effects of geometrical parameters on the sensitivity and resonance frequency of the sensors are investigated. It is found that the resonance frequency can be tuned in the range of 250–350 THz. This tunability of the resonance frequency is promising for practical applications.
Orthostatic Intolerance as a Potential Contributor to Prolonged Fatigue and Inconsistent Performance in Elite Swimmers
Authors: Petracek Lindsay S. , Eastin Ella F. , Rowe Ian R. , Rowe Peter C
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAthletic underperformance is characterized by fatigue and an inability to sustain a consistent exercise workload. We describe five elite swimmers with prolonged fatigue and athletic underperformance in whom an approach that focused on orthostatic intolerance was associated with improved function.MethodsParticipants were referred for evaluation of fatigue and underperformance to the Chronic Fatigue Clinic at the Johns Hopkins Children’s Center. All patients were evaluated for overtraining syndrome, as well as for features commonly seen in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). The latter included joint hypermobility, orthostatic intolerance, and non-IgE mediated milk protein intolerance. Orthostatic intolerance was tested by performing a ten-minute passive standing test or a head-up tilt table test. ResultsOrthostatic testing provoked fatigue and other symptoms in all five swimmers, two of whom met heart rate criteria for postural tachycardia syndrome. Treatment was individualized, primarily consisting of an increased intake of sodium chloride and fluids to address orthostasis. All patients experienced a relatively prompt improvement in fatigue and other orthostatic symptoms and were able to either return to their expected level of performance or improve their practice consistency. ConclusionsOrthostatic intolerance was an easily measured and treatable contributor to athletic underperformance in the five elite swimmers we describe. We suggest that passive standing tests or formal tilt table tests be incorporated into the clinical evaluation of athletes with fatigue and underperformance as well as into scientific studies of this topic. Recognition and treatment of orthostatic intolerance provides a new avenue for improving outcomes in underperforming athletes.
Effects of aqueous extract of red propolis as an alternative to synthetic antimicrobial for quails enhanced egg quality and maintained health status
Authors: Garcia Patricia López , Stefani Lenita , Boiago Marcel , Araujo Denise , França Arieli , Sponchiado Bruno , Nesi Daniela , Deolindo Guilherme , Rampazzo Maiara , Migliorini Marcos , Junior Paulo de Oliveira
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to determine the effects of aqueous extract of red propolis (RP) as an alternative to synthetic antimicrobial for quails enhanced egg quality and maintained health status. A total of 120 laying quails with 52 days of age were were randomly allotted to dietary treatments and six replicates of five birds each in completely randomized design. There were four dietary treatments as following: Control (TC), with enramycin (TE), 1g RP/kg of feed (RP1), 2g RP/kg of feed (RP2) in concetrated diet raised for 63 days. The results of productive performance such as percentage of egg production, feed intake per quail per day, average egg weight, egg mass, foods conversions showed no significant difference between treatments. The quails fed with red propolis in fresh eggs showed darker yolk (P < 0.05), with higher intensity of red and lower intensity of yellow; as less than 6.0 pH yolk; microbiological characteristics analyzed on the surface of eggs and feces of quails was lower and less than compared with other treatments. It is possible to conclude that red propolis showed promising results to be used as a feed additive for laying quails, since it maintained the productive performance of these animals and caused qualitative improvements in the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of the eggs.
Morphological evolution of recycled Inconel 718 powder for LPBF process
Authors: Ruiz-Huerta Leopoldo , Moock Verena Margitta , Ulloa-castillo Nicolás A , Segura-Cárdenas Emmanuel , Vázquez Alan Borbolla , Elias-Zuniga Alex , Caballero-Ruiz Alberto
Published: May 2022

Metallic powder alloys for Additive Manufacturing (AM) are required to have a certain particle size and shape distribution in different processes such as metal powder bed fusion. For reasons of sustainability and cost effectiveness, it is common to recycle powder that was not melted in the build construction process. The influence of the particle size and shape distribution of the feedstock material has an impact on the AM process, but also on the structural properties of the final built part. As usual in a Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) process, the metal powder undergoes a heuristically designed sieving and blending procedure to maintain a certain particle distribution. However, keeping track of the powder’s age during each building cycle can be obscure or laborious. To overcome this challenge, the authors of this research propose a theoretical model and an experimental methodology to study the powder morphology evolution with respect to a specific number of building cycles. Such morphological investigation was carried out through a scanning electron microscope, analyzing the morphological evolution of nickel-chromium alloy metal (Inconel 718) powder. The powder analysis gives a close fit of its mean age to the span of the retained particle solidity measurements, as well as the evolution of the mean major diameter. The findings from this methodology give an insight on the powder aging rate, which contributes to determining the powder’s effective lifetime, impacting positively on the organization and storage of metal powders for AM.
Americans’ Support for Adaptation Policies on Natural Disasters of Wildfires and Floods -Surprise After Surprise
Authors: MacInnis Bo , Krosnick Jon
Published: May 2022

According to many natural scientists, global warming has worsened wildfires and floods in the United States, causing increasingly devastating damage, and will do so in the future. Whether government takes action to better mitigate the risks and costs of these natural disasters may depend on public opinion. This study explored Americans’ preferences for policies to prevent and cope with such damage and the factors influencing these preferences. A telephone survey of a nationally representative sample of American adults in August 2020 showed that majorities, and sometimes huge majorities, favored a variety of specific policies to protect people from damage, most of which are not being implemented well currently. As expected, policy support was driven more by sociotropic reasoning than by self-interest but surprisingly was not smaller among racial minorities or lower income individuals, refuting Maslow’s hierarchical of need theory and the notion of a “finite pool of worry.” Challenging theories of issue framing and demonstrating the robustness of opinions on this issue, an experiment showed that policy support was not altered when increasing future damage from wildfires and floods were attributed to global warming. Americans overwhelmingly favored federal government involvement in prevention and coping but preferred that the costs be borne mostly by people in fire- and flood-prone areas. This evidence sends surprisingly strong signals to lawmakers about public preferences and highlights their contours and determinants, thus contributing to the development of theories of public opinion.
Construction of Chronic glomerulonephritis-related lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhuang Xingxing , Zhang Weifeng , Liu Tao , Wei Liangbing , Guo Yanyan , Gao Jiarong
Published: May 2022

BackgroundLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), generally known as transcripts longer than 200nt, are important genetic regulators. Lately, researches on lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network has been the hotspots in the field of non-coding RNAs. The present study explored the functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN).MethodsIn the current study, the RNA-seq was performed to study the differences in the expression profiles of lncRNAs in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs). LncRNA-mRNA regulatory network and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network were constructed to examine the role and mechanism of proliferation-related lncRNAs. To reveal the biological functions of lncRNAs, GO biological process and KEGG pathway analysis were we performed on all mRNAs involed in lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network and ceRNA network.Results1532 differentially expressed lncRNAs, including 594 upregulated lncRNAs and 938 downregulated lncRNAs were screened out by RNA-seq in LPS-induced GMCs. Furthermore, the lncRNAs-mRNAs regulatory network, including 236 lncRNAs and 556 mRNAs and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network, including 6 lncRNAs, 18 miRNAs, and 419 mRNAs were successfully constructed. The GO biological process and KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that lncRNAs were mainly related to inflammatory response and substance metabolism.ConclusionsThis study first identified key proliferation-related lncRNAs in LPS-induced GMCs, and further revealed a global view of lncRNAs-mRNAs regulatory network and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network involved in CGN. Our findings offered novel insights into the roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of CGN and provided promising diagnostic biomarkers.
Optically-triggered strain-driven Néel vector manipulation in a metallic antiferromagnet
Authors: Grigorev Vladimir , Filianina Mariia , Lytvynenko Yaryna , Sobolev Sergei , Pokharel Amrit , Sapozhnik Alexey , Kleibert Armin , Bodnar Stanislav , Grigorev Petr , Skourski Yurii , Kläui Mathias , Elmers Hans-Joachim , Jourdan Martin , Demsar Jure
Published: May 2022

The absence of stray fields, their insensitivity to external magnetic fields, and ultrafast dynamics make antiferromagnets promising candidates for active elements in spintronic devices. Here, we demonstrate manipulation of the Néel vector in the metallic collinear antiferromagnet Mn2Au by combining strain and femtosecond laser excitation. Applying tensile strain along either of the two in-plane easy axes and locally exciting the sample by a train of femtosecond pulses, we align the Néel vector along the direction controlled by the applied strain. The dependence on the laser fluence and strain suggests the alignment is a result of optically-triggered depinning of 900 domain walls and their sliding in the direction of the free energy gradient, governed by the magneto-elastic coupling. The resulting, switchable, state is stable at room temperature and insensitive to magnetic fields. Such an approach may provide ways to realize robust high-density memory device with switching timescales in the picosecond range.
Evaluating a tele-asthma self-management intervention, Canadian Asthma Text Messaging Study (CANATEXTS), among adults with asthma: study protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Authors: Poureslami Iraj M , Tregobov Noah , Bergeron Celine
Published: May 2022

Background: While effective treatments are available, asthma control is suboptimal for many asthma patients. To help patients self-manage their asthma symptoms, provision of an asthma action plan (AAP), with instructions on managing worsening asthma symptoms is recommended, as a standard of care; however, only about half of patients correctly adhere to their AAP. Canadian Asthma Text Messaging (CANATEXTS) is a TH intervention facilitating access to an electronic AAP (eAAP) via a mobile device. In a feasibility study to assess the safety and efficacy of CANATEXTS, an 18% reduction in the relative risk of exacerbation was observed among the intervention group compared to control group. This study will assess the effectiveness of CANATEXTS on asthma outcomes in a Canada-wide study. Methods: This is a superiority a 2-arm, multisite randomized control trial (RCT). This study aims to determine if CANATEXTS reduces asthma exacerbations over a 12-month period, improves asthma control, QoL and medication adherence, and is cost-effective. The intervention includes access to an electronic asthma action plan (eAAP) on patients’ mobile devices, disease-related education, and weekly reminders via an SMS interface. The study will include 600 adult participants with asthma recruited from 14 respiratory clinics across Canada. Participants will be randomly assigned to either Intervention (eAAP) or Control (wAAP) groups. All outcomes of interest will be assessed during three in-person assessments (baseline, 6-month, and 12-month) and two telephone follow-ups (3-month and 9-month). Data will be analyzed with a linear mixed-effects model across all time points. Discussion: TH has the potential to improve adult individuals with asthma's engagement in self-management practices. Our feasibility study showed TH could yield a reduction in asthma exacerbations. If the proposed TH intervention is found to be effective for asthma management in a nation-wide trial, it will generate evidence to support integration of TH in asthma self-management. This study will also provide important information on the cost-effectiveness of CANATEXTS. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02017795; date of registration: 06 May 2018 (registered prospectively)
Aging in the Time of Covid-19 a Qualitative Analysis: “[It’s the] first time I have felt so acutely that I am 'less' because of my age.”
Authors: Peckham Allie , Maxfield Molly , Guest M. Aaron
Published: May 2022

Background: Policy approaches intended to promote public health and stop the spread of COVID-19 explicitly targeted older adults. Public discourse, media coverage, and government policy during the COVID-19 pandemic perpetuated views that older adults are frail, vulnerable, and dispensable. Understanding how the framing of pandemics impacts older adults’ experiences can inform strategies to reduce ageism in the future. Methods: Participants completed an online survey that captured their experiences during COVID-19. At the end of the survey we asked participants “What else would you like to share about your experience of living through COVID-19?”. A total of 1046 individuals provided a response to an open ended question across all three waves of the survey for a total of 1700 comments included in analysis. An inductive thematic analysis of the open-ended survey responses was conducted. Results: The thematic analysis revealed implications of age-related overgeneralizations and benevolent ageism more broadly. Three broad themes were identified: prejudice that created an us versus them dynamic, framing the vulnerability of contracting COVID-19 lead to prejudice, and lastly a lack of trust in leaders and media. Overall, the results highlight that age-based public health messaging leads to feelings and experiences of prejudice and increases generational divides. We observed perceived ‘othering’ and implications for internalized age-related stereotypes. Conclusions: Both the coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic and open discourse around vulnerability when contracting COVID-19 was framed in terms of age. Experiences with age-based framing perpetuate ‘othering’ between generations and even within generations. Public health messaging and decision makers need to consider intergenerational conflict frames prior to instituting social policies.
Lipid metabolic disorders and physiological stress caused by a high-fat diet have lipid source dependent effects in juvenile black seabream Acanthopagrus schlegelii
Authors: Shen Yuedong , Li Xuejiao , Bao Yangguang , Zhu Tingting , Wu Zhaoxun , Yang Bingqian , Jiao Lefei , Zhou Qicun , Jin Min
Published: May 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different dietary lipid sources on growth performance, lipid metabolism and physiological stress responses including oxidative stress (OS) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) of juvenile Acanthopagrus schlegelii (initial weight 0.88 ± 0.01 g) fed a high fat diet (HFD). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets containing different lipid sources were formulated: fish oil (FO), palm oil (PO), linseed oil (LO) and soybean oil (SO), respectively. Results indicated that fish fed HFD supplemented with FO significantly improved growth than SO treatment. The high concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase were found in HFD supplemented with SO. Fish fed dietary LO supplementation showed significantly lower serum cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein contents than those in SO group. Likewise, hepatic paraffin section analysis indicated that HFD with PO or SO supplementation increased fat drop. The expression levels of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha (pparα) and silent regulator 1 (sirt1) were significantly elevated by HFD with FO or LO supplementation. Additionally, the key marker of OS malonaldehyde was significantly increased in FO and SO groups. ERS related genes were activated in dietary PO or SO supplementation and, hence, triggering inflammation and apoptosis by promoted the expression levels of nuclear factor kappa B (nf-κb) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (jnk). Overall, the present study reveals that lipid metabolic disorders and physiological stress caused by a HFD have significant lipid source dependent effects, which have important guiding significance for the use of HFD in marine fish.
Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of the Optical Properties of Cu-TiO2 Composite Prepared by Powder Metallurgy Technique
Authors: Eessaa Ashraf K. , Elkady Omayma A. , El-Shamy A. M.
Published: May 2022

Copper is considered one of the most suitable metals with titanium dioxide (TiO2) surfaces that can achieve a great improvement in the enhancement of photocatalytic activity. The major objective of this paper is to improve the performance of Cu nanomaterials by increasing their optical activities. In this paper, TiO2 doped Cu nano-catalysts have been prepared and characterized. Cu-TiO2 powder nanocomposite is prepared by mechanical milling to achieve a high performance of the photocatalytic activity of Cu powder, which was reinforced with 10, 20, 30 & 40 wt.% TiO2. Mechanical milling was achieved by a 20:1 ball to powder ratio with 250 rpm for 20 hrs. milling time. Stearic acid was added as a Process Control Agent (PCA). In this paper, the microstructure was examined by SEM which indicates the good homogeneity between Cu & TiO2. The phase structure and phase composition were estimated by XRD. The results showed that there are no new peeks rather than Cu & TiO2 were recorded. The samples are examined using IR spectroscopy to investigate the absorption band spectra. Also, the antireflection properties were studied. According to that, the experimental results imply that the improvement of the Cu matrix nanomaterial performance can be acquired by doping it with TiO2 metal due to the optical activity being improved and moved to the visible region. The results proved also that controlling the ratio of TiO2 in copper can achieve the required film thickness and reflectivity to obtain the optimum anti-reflection layer.
The clinical value of the PRECISE-DAPT score in predicting long-term MACCE and major bleeding in acute coronary syndrome patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Celik Aykan , Esin Fatma Kayaaltı , Emren Sadık Volkan , Kırış Tuncay , Karaca Mustafa
Published: May 2022

Background: The PRECISE-DAPT (predicting bleeding complications in patients undergoing stent implantation and subsequent dualantiplatelet therapy) score is recommended by guidelines for predicting out-of-hospital bleeding in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the long-term prognostic value of the PRECISE-DAPT score and long- term predictive value for major bleeding of this score in patients after PCI remains unclear. we aimed to investigate the performance of the PRECISE-DAPT score in predicting the long-term outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).Methods: We enrolled retrospectively 1071 ACS patients in presented study. We divided the patients into two groups according to the their PRECISE-DAPT scores: the low (PRECISE-DAPT < 25), and high (≥ 25) score groups. The bleeding endpoint was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. The ischaemic endpoints were all cause death and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE).Results: During the follow-up period ( median 7.3 years), the rates of MACCE (55% vs 35%, p < 0.001) and major bleeding ( 9% vs 4%, p = 0.002) were higher in high score group than in low score group. PRECISE-DAPT score was an independent predictor of MACCE in multivariate analysis (HR:1.030, 95%CI: 1.020-1.040, p < 0.001). PRECISE-DAPT score showed a moderate predictive values for both MACCE with an areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.626 (95% CI: 0.592–0.660) and major bleeding with an AUC of 0.609 (95% CI: 0.515– 0.713).Conclusions: In ACS patients underwent PCI, a high PRECISE-DAPT score was related to higher MACCE rates. PRECISE-DAPT score is useful for predicting MACCE at long-term follow-up in addition to risk stratification of bleeding.