bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photoluminescence properties of Yb2+-doped Ba0.75Al11O17.25 green phosphor ceramic
Authors: Yin Xiaomeng , Lin Hui , Zhang Dawei , Hong Ruijin , Gao Wenlan , Zhang Jian , Sachuronggui Bai
Published: September 2022

Yb2+-doped Ba0.75Al11O17.25 green phosphor ceramics have been synthesized by spark plasma sintering. Under the excitation of blue light at 405 nm, the ceramics present green light at 535 nm, the emission intensity is the highest when the doping concentration is 1 at. %, and the transmittance can reach 71% at 800 nm. The temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra of fluorescent ceramics in the range of 24–494 K have been measured. When the temperature increased from 24 to 284 K, the luminous intensity dropped to 75% of that at 24 K, while the luminescence intensity at 414 K can still reach 42% of the luminescence intensity at room temperature, and the thermal stability has been analyzed according to the coordination structure diagram. The thermal conductivity of Yb2+-doped Ba0.75Al11O17.25 green phosphor ceramics at room temperature is 4.32 W/(m K), which is very promising for white LEDs.
Bandgap engineering in BP/PtO2 van der Waals (vdW) hetero-bilayer using first-principles study
Authors: Alam Minhazul , Hasan Khan Md. Sakib , Islam Md. Rafiqul , Hasan Md. Tanvir
Published: September 2022

Based on the motivation of the recent advancement of the van der Waals heterostructure (vdW HBL), we have studied the tunable optoelectronic properties of the two-dimensional (2D) boron phosphide–platinum di-oxide (BP/PtO2) heterostructure using dispersion corrected density functional theory (DFT). Six different stackings are considered to stack the 2D BP upon 2D PtO2 and are tested through DFT. Phonon spectra and binding energy calculation validate the dynamical and chemical stability of the constructed heterostructures. It is found that HBL1, HBL3, and HBL4 have type-II indirect band gaps of 0.001, 0.027, and 0.021 eV, respectively whereas the other HBLs 2, 4, and 5 show a semiconductor–metal transition. The variation in the interlayer distances, cross-plane electric field, and biaxial strain can effectively tune the bandgap, although type-II band alignment remains unaffected in all cases. A large built-in electric field, of ∼15 eV in electrostatic potential between the 2D structures and type-II band alignment of the HBL, suggests efficient separation of charges in all the HBLs. The bandgaps are highly responsive to the interlayer distances, electric field, and biaxial strain in the HBL. It is found that the bandgap increases under the application of compressive strain and an external electric field along the negative z-direction up to −0.4 V/Å. Interestingly, a semiconductor–metal transition occurs for tensile strain and the external electric field along the positive z-direction. All HBLs have efficient optical absorption in the visible and UV portions of the solar spectra, which is highly anticipated for optoelectronics applications. These unrivaled properties of the vdW BP/PtO2 HBL that we have explored make them a promising candidate for nano-electronic devices and infrared detector applications.
Quantum chemical and experimental thermodynamic studies of HfO(g)
Authors: Bauschlicher Charles W. , Kowalski Benjamin A. , Jacobson Nathan S.
Published: September 2022

Hafnium dioxide vaporizes primarily to HfO(g) in a reducing environment. The thermochemistry of HfO(g) is calculated from quantum methods and measured via Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry. For the computations, all-electron and relativistic effective core potential calculations are used. The calculation of an accurate dissociation energy and an entire potential energy curve is reported. These calculations lead to ΔfH°(298) = 63.19 ± 10 kJ/mol, S°(298) = 235.52 J/mol K, and Cp(298–2500 K) = (2.741 × 10−9)T3 − (9.853 × 10−6)T2 + (1.295 × 10−2)T + 2.761 × 10−1 J/mol K. Experimentally, HfO(g) is generated from the reaction of Hf(s) and HfO2(s) in a specially made Hf Knudsen cell. A third law treatment of the data leads to ΔfH°(298) of 58.4 ± 12.3 kJ/mol, in good agreement with the calculated value.
An item-based, Rasch-calibrated approach to assessing translation quality
Authors: Han Chao , Shang Xiaoqi
Published: September 2022

Item-based scoring has been advocated as a psychometrically robust approach to translation quality assessment, outperforming traditional neo-hermeneutic and error analysis methods. The past decade has witnessed a succession of item-based scoring methods being developed and trialed, ranging from calibration of dichotomous items to preselected item evaluation. Despite this progress, these methods seem to be undermined by several limitations, such as the inability to accommodate the multifaceted reality of translation quality assessment and inconsistent item calibration procedures. Against this background, we conducted a methodological exploration, utilizing what we call anitem-based, Rasch-calibrated method, to measure translation quality. This new method, built on the sophisticated psychometric model of many-facet Rasch measurement, inherits the item concept from its predecessors, but addresses previous limitations. In this article, we demonstrate its operationalization and provide an initial body of empirical evidence supporting its reliability, validity, and utility, as well as discuss its potential applications.
Nernst coefficient measurements in two-dimensional materials
Authors: Feng Qi , Zhu Tianhui , Jian Yu , Yuan Wei , Peng Huimin , Zhong Jinrui , Duan Junxi , Zebarjadi Mona
Published: September 2022

The discovery of two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnets and antiferromagnets with topologically nontrivial electronic band structures makes the study of the Nernst effect in 2D materials of great importance and interest. To measure the Nernst coefficient of 2D materials, the detection of the temperature gradient is crucial. Although the micro-fabricated metal wires provide a simple but accurate way for temperature detection, a linear-response assumption that the temperature gradient is a constant is still necessary and has been widely used to evaluate the temperature gradient. However, with the existence of substrates, this assumption cannot be precise. In this study, we clearly show that the temperature gradient strongly depends on the distance from the heater by both thermoelectric transport and thermoreflectance measurements. Fortunately, both measurements show that the temperature gradient can be well described by a linear function of the distance from the heater. This linearity is further confirmed by comparing the measured Nernst coefficient to the value calculated from the generalized Mott’s formula. Our results demonstrate a precise way to measure the Nernst coefficient of 2D materials and would be helpful for future studies.
High switching ratio and inorganic gas sensing performance in BeN4 based nanodevice: a first-principles study
Authors: Xie Luzhen , Chen Tong , Dong Xiansheng , Liu Guogang , Wang Haipeng , Xiao Xianbo
Published: September 2022

Recently, Dirac material BeN4 has been synthesized by using laser-heated diamond anvil-groove technology (Bykov et al 2021 Phys. Rev. Lett.
126 175501). BeN4 layer, i.e. beryllonitrene, represents a qualitatively class of two-dimensional (2D) materials that can be built of a metal atom and polymeric nitrogen chains, and hosts anisotropic Dirac fermions. Enlighten by this discovered material, we study the electronic structure, anisotropic transport properties and gas sensitivity of 2D BeN4 using the density functional theory combined with non-equilibrium Green’s function method. The results manifest that the 2D BeN4 shows a typical semi-metallic property. The electronic transport properties of the intrinsic BeN4 devices show a strong anisotropic behavior since electrons transmitting along the armchair direction is much easier than that along the zigzag direction. It directly results in an obvious switching characteristic with the switching ratio up to 105. Then the adsorption characteristics indicate that H2S, CO, CO2 and H2 molecules are physisorption, while the NH3, NO, NO2, SO2 molecules are chemisorption. Among these chemisorption cases, the 2D gas sensor devices show an extremely high response for SO2 recognition, and the high anisotropy of the original 2D BeN4 device still maintains after adsorbing gas molecules. Finally, high switching ratio and inorganic gas sensing performance of BeN4 monolayer could be clearly understood with local density of states, bias-dependent spectra, scattered state distribution. In general, the results indicate that the designed BeN4 devices have potential practical application in high-ratio switching devices and high gas-sensing molecular devices.
Efficient calculation of continuous trajectory spherical center displacements by using non-contact R-test
Authors: Lyu Dun , Zhang Jiahui , Chen Yinhui , Zhang Huijie , Guo Junkang
Published: September 2022

The non-contact R-test is used for the dynamic measurement of five-axis machine tools. However, due to spherical curvature, calculating the spherical center displacement (SCD) using the non-contact R-test is challenging and inefficient. Thus, in this paper, an efficient calculation method based on multiple Gaussian process regression (GPR) is proposed to calculate the SCDs of the continuous trajectory by using the non-contact R-test. In the proposed method, first, the transformation matrix is constructed to roughly calculate the SCD. Second, the measurement error caused by the spherical curvature is solved and compensated by using the GPR model. Next, the threshold is set to remove some of the set points and reconstruct GPR to improve the model accuracy. Finally, the transformation matrix and the GPR model are outputted to calculate the SCDs of the continuous trajectory. We constructed a micro S trajectory to verify the proposed method. Experimental results showed that compared with the neural network method, the proposed method achieves higher model accuracy with shorter model construction time and improves the calculation efficiency by 99%.
Synthesis and design of asymmetric cul-de-sac structure HTS filter with transmission zero introduced in Pairs
Authors: Zhou Liguo , Zhang Wen , Wong Ping Kwan Johnny , Bai Xudong , Long Zhihe , Zhang Tianliang
Published: September 2022

An asymmetric prototype of a cul-de-sac topology filter to introduce finite frequency transmission zeros (FTZs) in pairs with the least cross-coupling is synthesized and designed in this paper, which is suitable for the design of the high temperature superconducting (HTS) narrowband filter with high selectivity sideband suppression and symmetrical frequency response about the central frequency, especially. The resonator in the cul-de-sac structure filter can adopt the same frequency resonator without self-coupling so that the cul-de-sac structure filter can have fewer coupling coefficients and fewer resonator types. These characteristics of cul-de-sac structure filters are convenient for the design of high-order HTS filters with temperature shifts. A typical 7-order HTS filter with a central frequency of 4000 MHz, 5% relative bandwidth, five coupling coefficients, one cross-coupling, and one pair of FTZs is designed and fabricated on a 0.5 mm-thick MgO wafer with double-sided YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) thin films employing this cul-de-sac filter theory. The analyzed frequency response characteristic obtained with full-wave tools of this filter agrees well with the synthesis results and measured results at 77 K (Kelvin temperature).
Magnetic transport in laterally coupled layers
Authors: Exner Pavel
Published: September 2022

We discuss magnetic transport in the system of two adjacent hard-wall layers exposed to a homogeneous field perpendicular to the layer plane and coupled laterally through a strip-shaped window in the common boundary. We show that the spectrum is a combination of absolutely continuous and flat bands, the latter being present only if the widths of the two layers are commensurate, and derive their properties. We also analyze the one-sided geometry in which the barrier separating the two layers is a halfplane.
Magnetic field back reaction on the matter power spectrum
Authors: Kunze Kerstin E.
Published: September 2022

At lowest order comoving magnetic fields which are frozen-into the expanding cosmic fluid
do not evolve in time. At next-to-leading order the induction equation is sourced by the
interaction term between the baryon velocity and the magnetic field amplitude which leads to a
non-trivial evolution of the comoving magnetic field. Moreover, it induces non-trivial cross
correlations between the adiabatic curvature mode and the magnetic mode. This cross correlation
together with the evolution of the induced matter perturbation leads to interesting effects on the
total matter power spectrum at small scales.
Environment-assisted quantum state and distribution entanglement restoration in spin chain
Authors: Wang Qiong , He Zhi
Published: September 2022

We propose a novel scheme to realize perfect state transfer and entanglement distribution in the spin chain. With the assistance of environment-assisted measurement, we get the exact analytical expression of the optimal final restoration, show that the quantum state and distribution entanglement can exactly be recovered with a certain probability, i.e. the fidelity of a general pure state can reach 100%, which is independent of the size of the spin chain. Comparing with the results obtained by the method of weak measurement, our results show notable superiorities on restoration scope and success probability.
Modelling mouse auditory response dynamics along a continuum of consciousness using a deep recurrent neural network
Authors: O’Reilly Jamie A
Published: September 2022

Objective. Understanding neurophysiological changes that accompany transitions between anaesthetized and conscious states is a key objective of anesthesiology and consciousness science. This study aimed to characterize the dynamics of auditory-evoked potential morphology in mice along a continuum of consciousness. Approach. Epidural field potentials were recorded from above the primary auditory cortices of two groups of laboratory mice: urethane-anaesthetized (A, n = 14) and conscious (C, n = 17). Both groups received auditory stimulation in the form of a repeated pure-tone stimulus, before and after receiving 10 mg kg−1 i.p. ketamine (AK and CK). Evoked responses were then ordered by ascending sample entropy into AK, A, CK, and C, considered to reflect physiological correlates of awareness. These data were used to train a recurrent neural network (RNN) with an input parameter encoding state. Model outputs were compared with grand-average event-related potential (ERP) waveforms. Subsequently, the state parameter was varied to simulate changes in the ERP that occur during transitions between states, and relationships with dominant peak amplitudes were quantified. Main results. The RNN synthesized output waveforms that were in close agreement with grand-average ERPs for each group (r
2 > 0.9, p < 0.0001). Varying the input state parameter generated model outputs reflecting changes in ERP morphology predicted to occur between states. Positive peak amplitudes within 25–50 ms, and negative peak amplitudes within 50–75 ms post-stimulus-onset, were found to display a sigmoidal characteristic during the transition from anaesthetized to conscious states. In contrast, negative peak amplitudes within 0–25 ms displayed greater linearity. Significance. This study demonstrates a method for modelling changes in ERP morphology that accompany transitions between states of consciousness using an RNN. In future studies, this approach may be applied to human data to support the clinical use of ERPs to predict transition to consciousness.
EMHapp: a pipeline for the automatic detection, localization and visualization of epileptic magnetoencephalographic high-frequency oscillations
Authors: Cui Wei , Cao Miao , Wang Xiongfei , Zheng Li , Cen Zhehang , Teng Pengfei , Luan Guoming , Gao Jia-Hong
Published: September 2022

Objective. High-frequency oscillations (HFOs) are promising biomarkers for localizing epileptogenic brain tissue. Previous studies have revealed that HFOs that present concurrence with interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) better delineate epileptogenic brain tissue, particularly for epilepsy patients with multitype interictal discharges. However, the analysis of noninvasively recorded epileptic HFOs involves many complex procedures, such as data preprocessing, detection and source localization, impeding the translation of this approach to clinical practice. Approach. To address these problems, we developed a graphical user interface (GUI)-based pipeline called EMHapp, which can be used for the automatic detection, source localization and visualization of HFO events concurring with IEDs in magnetoencephalography (MEG) signals by using a beamformer-based virtual sensor (VS) technique. An improved VS reconstruction method was developed to enhance the amplitudes of both HFO and IED VS signals. To test the capability of our pipeline, we collected MEG data from 11 complex focal epilepsy patients with surgical resections or seizure onset zones (SOZs) that were identified by intracranial electroencephalography. Main results. Our results showed that the HFO sources of eight patients were concordant with their resection margins or SOZs. Our proposed VS signal reconstruction approach achieved an 83.2% improvement regarding the number of detected HFO events and a 17.3% improvement in terms of the spatial overlaps between the HFO sources and the resection margins or SOZs in comparison with conventional VS reconstruction approaches. Significance. EMHapp is the first GUI-based pipeline for the analysis of epileptic magnetoencephalographic HFOs, which conveniently obtains HFO source locations using clinical data and enables direct translation to clinical applications.
An ultra-wideband monopole antenna for skin cancer detection
Authors: Rizwan Shaik , Phani Kumar Kanaparthi V
Published: September 2022

a low-profile modified elliptical structure ultra-wide-band monopole antenna for skin cancer detection is presented in this paper. The antenna is developed over an FR-4 lossy substrate with permittivity 4.3 and a height of 1.6 mm. The dimensions of antenna is 20 × 28 × 1.6 mm3 and it covers a frequency range of 2.82-12.56 GHz. The proposed antenna consists of elliptical and circular shaped radiators with partial ground plane, to achieve an optimized low profile structure with ultra-wide band. The proposed ultra-wideband antenna(UWB) is used to detect the unhealthy tumor in the skin with the help of time-domain and SAR analysis. The rectangular human skin model with skin, fat, muscle, and bone layers is developed in fullwave simulator. The Proposed UWB antenna is safe for skin exposure as it shows SAR [1g] of 0.296 W/Kg (on skin phantom) at the frequency of 3.4 GHz, respectively. Using time-domain and SAR analysis, the suggested UWB antenna offers a potential alternative to validate the presence of unhealthy tissue in the human body.
A Terahertz/Millimeter-Wave Based Detection and Imaging System Using Antenna-Coupled Microbolometer
Authors: Ahmad Beig Mirza Tanweer , Kumar Mukesh , Sharma Yogesh , Sharma Bhoopesh Kumar
Published: September 2022

The Terahertz (THz) region lie in the range 0.1 THz to 10 THz. It can pass easily through fog, smoke, thin walls, and clothes and be focused as a light wave to create images of objects. Terahertz waves are applied in imaging technology, such as safety, navigation, and non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technique used for materials analysis. A microbolometer is a micromachined device to measure the inherent power of incident electromagnetic radiation. The resistance of bolometer is temperature-dependent, and it varies with changes in the temperature of the exposed surface. Bolometric detectors dominate the market due to their affordability and ease of manufacturing. Despite their slow response time, the systems are still actively employed in the research area, aiming at improved terahertz detection. The antenna and bolometer are coupled. The chosen antenna has a resonance at desired frequency leading to the development of fast response time bolometers without compromising the collection area of the bolometer. The system has low cost, easy fabrication, and better isolation. Antenna simulations were conducted to design and optimize the spiral antenna for 1 to 2.5 THz using HFSS (high-frequency structure simulator) simulation software. The antenna simulation results are presented and discussed.
Multiband Monopole Antenna Design for 2G-5G Applications
Authors: Vincy Lumina A , Sangeetha M
Published: September 2022

Multi frequency antennas are in high demand as the wireless communication system is developing rapidly. To access internet in a mobile device, 2G-5G and WLAN are used that covers 1.8 GHz – 6 GHz. This paper proposes a design of low profile multiband monopole antenna for all 2G-5G communications, WLAN and for WiMAX application. The antenna design has a diamond shaped radiator, a cylinder to achieve better resonance, and a defective ground. The proposed antenna has a compact size of 30 mm x 44.5 mm. This antenna covers 2G (1.8 GHz), 3G (2.1 GHz), 4G (2.4 GHz), 5G (3.5 GHz), WLAN (2.4/3.6/5 GHz) and WiMAX (2.3/3.5/5.8 GHz) and is shown from the measured results. From these results it is shown that the produced antenna produces six distinct bands with good the simulation outcomes.
Generation of adjustable micro-scale optical bottle beam by an axicon-lens system with asymmetric elliptical aperture
Authors: Chien Shuo-Chih , Chen Wei-Yu , Liu Cheng-Yang
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine an optimal configuration of optical bottle beam generation. The proposed bottle beam is generated by casting a laser beam through an elliptical aperture and then through an axicon optical system. Simulation is performed by using multiphysics-capable wavefront technique, and the distance between the axicon and the focus lens can be adjusted. Two-dimensional Poincaré maps are employed to show the distribution of light. By combining Poincaré maps and expected position of the bottle beam, the relationship between the beam intensity and range is obtained. The simulated results can act as a reference for positioning optical components and expecting the effective zone of the bottle beam.
Transformational Perceptive of Data Recorder for UAV Flight Automation Control System using Image Processing Techniques
Authors: Dharamvir  , Hemanth K S
Published: September 2022

Flight Data Recorders (FDRs) are readily available in the market, to be used on the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) for onboard data recording. They have their own inbuilt sensors and characteristics and can be easily placed within the cockpit of the UAV. However, they have umpteen drawbacks. They do not have sufficient sampling rate for rapid and accurate flight automation, are either very bulky, or do not incorporate some of the necessary sensors required for post-flight analysis and are very costly. Hence, the need arises where the FDR needs to be designed to suit the requirements. We go about designing one such FDR. Our FDR incorporates a MicroStrain’s 3DM- GX1 Gyro Enhanced Orientation Sensor, a Texas Instrument’s GPS module and four servo motors each controlling the rudder, elevator, ailerons. The data from these devices are interpolated to increase the sampling rate and are simultaneously stored into a Secure Digital (SD) / Micro Memory Card (MMC) during the flight of the UAV. Greater sampling rates allow more rapid and accurate flight automation. SD/MMC cards allow faster and efficient data retrieval for post flight processing. Our FDR is designed to be compact, cheap and overcomes most of the drawbacks mentioned above. Therefore, we call this FDR as Smart Data Recorder(SDR).
Performance evaluation of MDKF based on state estimations for path tracking applications
Authors: Babu Praveenkumar , Parthasarathy Eswaran
Published: September 2022

One of the most difficult tasks for tracking in control systems in the presence of uncertainty is estimating the accuracy and efficiency of hidden variables. For tracking applications, the Kalman filter is the most extensively used estimation algorithm. However, tracking several objects remains a difficult effort in order to improve prediction and corrective results. For tracking several objects, a multi-dimensional Kalman filter (MDKF) based on state estimations is offered as a solution. This research also includes a performance analysis of the MDKF for tracking paths by modifying co-efficients of the steady-state and covariance equations. For linear dynamic systems, MDKF is evaluated. Path tracking using the Kalman filter and MDKF is also investigated. The true and filtered responses of MDKF filtering algorithm for path tracking are observed. After four trials, the output covariance yields steady state values. The simulation results reveal that our proposed filtering algorithm performs 2x better than a typical Kalman filter for objects moving in linear motion, indicating that it is suitable for real-time implementation.
RETRACTED: Design and Implementation of Acquire Carriage for Disabled people in a Visual Surveillance Using Character Recognition
Authors: Nivash S , Ganesh E N , Manikandan T.
Published: September 2022

In certain cases, persons with disabilities may be forced to rely on others for the performance of their duties. Blindness is one of the impairments that might be encountered. Up to this point, there has been N number of solutions presented that make life easier for visually impaired individuals. One of the problems they face on a daily basis is making an independent purchase of a product they need. To solve this issue, the approach is to utilize a camera to record a picture, which is then processed using the tesseract method to extract text from the image, which is then transformed into an audio file that can be heard using headphones. Following the implementation of this strategy, during this shopping trolley technology to detect the item put with machine learning and precision location discover a person will be used to locate a person in the shopping trolley.
Investigation and Implementation of Convolutional Neural Networks with Transfer Learning for Detection of Covid-19
Authors: Raghavendra Ch , Phani Sriram S , Sravan Kumar V , Sudheksha K , Bhavya Sri P
Published: September 2022

This paper aims to present a robust model which uses Artificial Intelligence in the rapid and accurate detection of Covid-19. The Proposed Project uses Deep Learning techniques for the detection of Covid-19 as well as Pneumonia with the help of Digitalized Chest X-rays. By Applying Pre-Trained Networks which are also known as Convolutional Neural Networks, this can be made possible. Also, with the help of Transfer Learning Techniques the Neural Networks can be trained and validated faster and better thus providing a significantly higher chance in the correct and accurate detection. The CNNs taken into consideration are VGG-19 and ResNet-50 with the former providing an accuracy of over 95% and the latter with an accuracy of 92% proving that such a high accuracy computer-aided diagnostic tool can be used at a time like this. Also, further improvements in the future with advancements in technology can provide even astonishing results.
Student Live Behaviour Monitoring During Virtual Class using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Rohith Reddy A.L. , Anish Gandhi K. , Thakrimul Jaffer S. , Srilekha M.K.
Published: September 2022

Due to the unexpected change in events in the world, most sectors have been badly affected. One of the main sectors in the educational sector, where many educational institutions have chosen online platforms to continue their education. It has increased the distance between faculty and students which, by the inputs taken from the polls conducted to find out about student academic engagement, has been described as showing that the interest in studies has decreased compared to classroom education. Most of the faculties have been familiar with the online tools for education, but there has been a gap between student and teacher engagement in the online classroom. The tool comes in handy in this situation to understand how the student has been listening to the whole class and to analyze and present a report based on the student’s behavior. The primary objective of this project is to create a self-sufficient agent that can offer information to both teachers and pupils. The level of student involvement is directly related to important academic outcomes like critical thinking and the marks students get on a topic. This Research acts as an add-on feature to the existing virtual meet platform such as zoom etc.
Correction of radial distortion for fish eye lens camera model using code V
Authors: Vijay Kumar Gowda B N , Gauni Sabitha , Maik Vivek
Published: September 2022

This work proposes a design of compensation for radial distortion of the barrel and pincushion distortion on picture geometry, both of which damage the image by utilizing the fisheye design model in the code v tool as the basis for the compensation. In order to prevent the picture's form from degrading, this model was constructed using image angle height mapping. As a result, there are two stages to this paper. The first step is to create a fish eye design model that has a field of vision (FOV) of 180 degrees by selecting the most appropriate optical design specification and design parameters. The second step is an examination of the design model utilizing several Code V choices, such as 2D image simulation (ISM), modulation transfer function, spot diagram, and distortion grid. Radial distortion compensation suggests the projection mapping model as a solution to this problem; this model also incorporates the stereographic approach. The compensation outcome is displayed by the 2D picture simulation using the most advanced quantitative measurements and state-of-the-art methods.
Identification of Casting Product Surface Quality Using Alex net and Le-net CNN Models
Authors: Shanthalakshmi M , mishra Susmita , Jananee V , Narayana Perumal P , Manoj Jayakar S
Published: September 2022

Casting is a manufacturing process in which a fluid product is normally poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the preferred form, and afterwards allowed to solidify. A Casting defect is an undesirable abnormality in a metal casting procedure. There are lots of types of issues in casting like blow openings, pinholes, burr, shrinkage issues, product flaws. Defects are an undesirable thing in the casting Industry. In this job, we extracted different casting items features and then applied convolutional neural network-based models for the discovery of the casted item is great or otherwise. So, it observed that neural networks can record the colours as well as textures of casting particularly to respective, which looks like human decision-making. This design is to deploy the Django internet framework. We try out different surfaces as input to convolutional neural networks for the efficient classification of the surface defect.
Enhancing the design by optimizing MTF performance of MLA with overlapping aperture
Authors: Sreenivasulu Medara , Vijay Kumar Gowda B N , Maik Vivek
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we introduced a novel microlens array (MLA) design approach with the use of overlapped apertures. The chief ray tracing and paraxial imaging optics are utilised in projection imaging analysis. This work makes MLA structure design requirements more flexible. The proposed design is small and compact. It provides homogeneous illumination over the whole field of view (FOV). In the demonstration, a comparison of the sample 3x3 MLA projector and the proposed 3x3 MLA projector with the same aperture size is illustrated with the help of overlapped apertures. Finally, the proposed MLA projection imaging simulations are accomplished. It substantially outperforms the basic design in terms of FOV and modulation transfer function (MTF). We performed comparative analysis for proposed design with the help of diffraction MTF analysis tool. Our research will aid in the development and exploration of more efficient and advanced compact MLA projection optical systems.
A Hybrid Machine Learning Based Feature Selection Technique for Attack Detection in NIDS
Authors: Karthika J , Loganathan Sathyapriya , Vanathi M.
Published: September 2022

Network security has arisen as a critical investigation area in the last period as the internet and communiqué technologies have grown in popularity. The network is protected by firewalls, antivirus software, and intrusion detection systems (IDS) and its related assets in a cyberspace against unauthorised access. These include a network-based intrusion detection system (NIDS) that constantly screens network traffic for hostile and suspicious behaviour in order to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data being transmitted over the Internet. However, researchers have made huge efforts to improve detection accuracy while decreasing False Alarm Rates (FAR) and to detect novel incursions, but they still confront difficulties. There has been an increase in the use of IDS systems based on machine learning and deep learning (ML and DL) in recent years. The study’s main goal is to detect attacks using a hybrid ML technique, and essential traits are identified via the Crow Search Algorithm (CSA). In order to improve classification accuracy, the decision tree is mapped to the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). The decision tree selects features that are good at classifying. Additional weights for the selected features are calculated to improve their categorization accuracy. On the KDDCup dataset, the experiment is carried out in terms of a variety of parameter metrics.
A Digital Twin Approach for deepened Classification of Patients with Hepatitis, Fibrosis and Cirrhosis
Authors: Palaniappan Ramya , Surendran Suseendran
Published: September 2022

With the advent of digital Healthcare system, the world has started to implement various technologies to promote better and quality healthcare solutions to the individuals, increase the life expectancy and reduce the healthcare cost. One among them, is the Digital Twin (DT) which takes the Digital healthcare to its next stage of providing patient tailored treatment to the people. Digital Twin (DT) is the concept of creating the replica of an existing process, workflow or an asset, which enables the data flow between the real component and its counterpart. Accordingly, a hepatitis infection level classifier was built with machine learning and deep learning algorithms to diagnose liver infection and classify the type of hepatitis infection. The implemented models successfully predicted the type of liver infection – hepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis with high accuracy. The Artificial Neural network (ANN) outperforms traditional machine learning algorithms in handling sample data related to liver infection. The predicted results have shown that integrating DT to the smart healthcare field would improve the healthcare procedures to provide specific patient tailored treatment and will bring together the patients and healthcare professionals to a smart and intelligent Health- Ecosystem.
Performance of Outage Probability and Ergodic Sum Rate for Two-User Paired NOMA Downlink System
Authors: Shanmugavel G , Vasanthi M S
Published: September 2022

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) is a technique to support a massive number of users to access the radio resources simultaneously and frequently. Existing conventional multiple access has been exhausting and insufficient for providing physical layer services in fifth Generation (5G) cellular systems. The user-pairing principle is adapted to resolve this issue that fulfils the maximum sum rate and channel utility. But it is lacking when a user with a near gain enters a user pair. Therefore, this paper considers a single pair occupying two different gain users who understand practical circumstances by evaluating outage probability using the stochastic geometry method. The paired users will calculate the ergodic sum rate and calculates the closed-loop solution for the outrage probability. The outage probability performance is obtained between NOMA paired users and the traditional multiple access approaches.
Wearable Virtual Keyboard for Visually Impaired Person
Authors: Sekar Adhiyamaan , Pulim Snigdha Reddy , Jeyasekar A
Published: September 2022

Wearable devices are the future of mobile technology, with all the exciting possibilities they offer in terms of ease of usage, compactness, and the ergonomical aspects of such devices. They provide easy accessibility for not only people seeking easier, faster and flexible ways of communicating information between devices, but also individuals with limited mobility, needing disability assistance and with partial or complete blindness. But for the widespread market of upcoming, new-age technology such as wearables, there aren’t a lot of options supporting outputs on peripherals other than a screens. As possible future prospects of wearable technology can be their use in virtual environments - to ease navigation in a simulated reality, in healthcare to provide more efficient and quick input of patient data while diagnosing diseases and prescribing medicines, and so on. In this paper, we discuss the making and workings of a wearable keyboard glove that can be used as a keyboard after being connected to a mobile device, smartwatch, or laptop. The setup consists of gloves that have Bluetooth, Switches, and flex sensors. The device can be used as a keyboard by using a combination of the results from the Flex Sensors that are mounted on the fingers. The device measures the movement of the fingers, records the gesture, and maps a character to each gesture. The gestures are recognized by measuring the change in resistance of the flex sensors and then converting them to an angle through a scaling formula. These values are then divided into three equal parts using a mapping function. This effectively gives us three different positions for each finger to recognize spread into 4 fingers. Switches are also provided for the thumb fingers to detect its position. This provides us with a theoretical total number of gestures of 162. The said gesture is sent via Bluetooth to the paired smart device.
Design of Digital FIR Filter with Systolic Architecture using Reversible Logic Gates
Authors: Pondreti Pushpalatha , Babulu K
Published: September 2022

The design of Digital filters plays a prominent role in the present scenario. The delay and area are the two major components that need to be concentrated on. The delay tap present in FIR filters should be suppressed to inflate the speed of the system. In this paper, the FIR filter design using systolic architecture with associative technique is implemented. This system includes a number of identical elements that are interconnected one after another by programmed manner to get the specified output. Here the proposed systolic FIR is compared with TDA logic block using bisection technique. There will be a greater reduce of critical path using the systolic architecture. To intensify the speed and to truncate the system delay the processing elements such as adders, multipliers and delay elements are designed by reversible logic operations. The proposed filter is better in many aspects such as density of gates, power consumption and delay outputs compared with existing filter. Experimental results are performed using the Xilinx ISE tool.
Implementation and Hardware Acceleration of Wiener filter algorithm using Vivado High Level Synthesis HLS for X-ray baggage Images
Authors: Kayalvizhi R , Malarvizhi S
Published: September 2022

Many computer vision applications require a real-time image de-noising technique. In recent years to detecting hazardous materials using X-ray baggage images is important means of airport security applications. The image denoising functions to aid decision making by humans is a predictable area of critical need. However, implementing the image processing approach in Hardware Description Language is time consuming and difficult to debug. With High Level Synthesis HLS, the designer may take advantage of libraries to reap the benefits of working at a higher level of abstraction while producing high-performance hardware. HLS tools, on the other hand, provide prospective solutions to hardware design. HLS tools provide us with extensive design assessment capabilities as well as a wide range of optimization strategies. In this research article, Intellectual Property IP core of wienerfilter algorithm is built utilizing HLS and implemented on ZYNQ platform for X-ray baggage image screening applications. We used Pipeline Pragma techniques added to the HLS environment improved performance, and the results were far better than predicted. The solution using the Pragma method with pipelining was to optimize area and 89 percent clock cycle reduction, and the relevance of the pipeline with this speed was well suitable to improve real time performance.
Performance Analysis of InAs-GaAs Gate-all-around Tunnel Field Effect Transistors (GAA-TFET) for Analog/ RF applications
Authors: Saravanan M , Parthasarathy Eswaran , Ramkumar K
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study to explore the performance of InAs-GaAs Gate-all-around (GAA) tunnelling field effect transistors (TFETs) in analogue and RF applications. The TCAD tool was used to assess the device’s overall performance. In order to achieve the InAs-GaAs channel design, the suggested TFET features a gate oxide made of SiO2 near the drain and HfO2 near the source region. As a result of the hetero dielectric gate oxide being used, the tunnelling width at junction between drain and channel (JDC) and junction between source and channel (JSC) is reduced, and the ON-current at the drain-channel junction is increased (ION). Device simulations have revealed that the SiO2-HfO2 gate dielectric has a low off-current (IOFF) of 2.27 x 10−17 A/m, a high enhanced ION of 7.39 x 10−6 A/m. At the time of operation, the sub-threshold swing (SS) was 16.8 mV/dec. Because of its low power consumption, the device could potentially be a better choice for power management circuits used in energy harvesting applications, according to the findings.
Influence of physical parameters on the capacitance of laminated busbars for electric vehicles
Authors: Venugopal Aravind , Robert Femi
Published: September 2022

Laminated busbars are essential for highly efficient, high power density applications, especially in the electric transportation sector, due to their unique electrical and mechanical characteristics. Stray parameters in laminated busbars pose a real challenge to designers in industries and researchers in the field since controlling these are crucial in busbar performance. Laminated busbar inductance has been studied extensively in the literature. However, very few works have focussed exclusively on the capacitance of the laminated busbar. In this paper, the impacts of busbar physical parameters on capacitance are studied in detail using Finite Element Modelling (FEM) software, ANSYS Q3D Extractor. The variation of capacitances on laminated busbars concerning several factors such as the busbar dimensions, terminals and apertures on the busbar structure, conductor and insulator materials are analysed.
Performance Improvement of Power Transmission Networks Under Stressed Condition
Authors: Mohanty Swati , Samal Padarbinda , Senapati Rudra Narayan
Published: September 2022

The traditional method of power generation is not capable of fulfilling the increasing electricity demand. The main objective of installing DG is to put less pressure on the centralized power system and to install them nearer to the load or the consumer. DG and FACTS devices allocation in distribution systems has proved to improve the system performance that is the reduction in power loss, improved voltage profile, controlled power transfer capability, active and reactive power flow, improved transient and dynamic stability, better voltage regulation, etc. In this paper, simultaneous allocation of DG and UPFC is done by using an exhaustive search technique to study the impact on the system in overloading conditions. The main objective is to minimize losses. The power flow analysis is done by using the Newton Raphson method and tested on the IEEE 3-bus system and IEEE 14-bus system in Mi Power 9.0 software.
Design of Novel Solar Tree Phyllotaxy for Enhanced Performance
Authors: Divya Navamani J , Lavanya A , Geetha A
Published: September 2022

Major part of rural areas in India has public health institutions like Sub centre (SC), primary health centre (PHC) and community health centre (CHC). Indian government often receives a report from PHC about infant mortality. The major reason of that is lack of neonatal incubators and improper immunization. Hence in order to provide a sufficient incubator with proper immunization storage system, continuous power supply is needed. PHCs are smaller in infrastructure and subjected to frequent power cuts. Taking the above issue into the consideration, an isolated solar tree for PHC is proposed. Many researchers have made researches on different solar structure. Hence this study also focusses on designing different phyllotaxy of the solar tree. The designed solar trees are proposed to implement in a rural area, a remote monitoring of the panel parameters like temperature, voltage and current must be done for the whole setup. If any abnormality occurs, say an increase in dust may lead to poor system efficiency and permanent structural damages to the panel. The online monitoring system will detect this deviation from the nominal value and offer a proper cleaning mechanism (water spray) which will maximum efficiency of the PV system.
Wireless Power charging system with Self-Adjusting Charge nodes for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Rathod Yashpal , Kumar Shubham , Vidyasagar S
Published: September 2022

Electrical Vehicles wireless charging emerges every year with new trends. Charging Techniques for Electric Vehicles has progressed competently in the wireless charging market. Wireless charging takes upon two coupled coils and its mutual inductance is relative to each other. In this work, a self-aligning Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging is proposed. The major idea is to upgrade the efficiency of Electric Vehicle charging through proper alignment for the Receiver and Transmitter of Electric Vehicles.
Intelligent Control for Islanded Operation of Doubly Fed Induction Generator based Wind Energy Conversion System coupled to DC Micro-Grid
Authors: Preethi Santhosam P. , Sowmmiya U.
Published: September 2022

A single parameter based fuzzy model for controlling the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) to operate in islanded mode is discussed in this paper. The system employs Rotor Side Converter (RSC) and Stator Side Converter (SSC) connected back-to-back to a dc micro grid. The control scheme for both RSC and SSC employ cascaded control loops: Outer speed and inner current loop for RSC and Outer voltage and inner current loop for SSC respectively so as to provide better response during dynamic conditions. In both control schemes, the outer loop is processed and the error along with its derivative is found to produce a single variable for feeding the fuzzy model. As only one variable is involved, less memory occupancy, less complex control and computation is faster. The RSC control employs the speed reference obtained through power calculator based maximum power tracking method which is novel in its kind. The SSC employs the terminal voltage at PCC for the outer voltage loop. The simulation of the system under constant and variable wind speeds is carried out using Simpower Systems toolbox of MATLAB. The results indicate that the efficacious working of the system with faster response to dynamic variations.