bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blockchain Protocol Study
Authors: Giliazov R.R.
Published: January 2025

Blockchain has great advantages over existing payment systems (bank cards, electronic money, etc.), such as decentralization and auditing capacity. There is a wide range of blockchain applications, ranging from cryptocurrency, financial services, risk management, the Internet of things and ending with public and social services. A number of studies had focused on the use of blockchain technology in various applications. We are doing research of blockchain technology soundness. In particular, this article focuses on analyzing the safety of using a blockchain, represents typical attacks on a protocol, examines blockchain applications and discusses technical problems, as well as recent innovations in solving difficult problems. It also provides an analysis of the two most popular cryptocurrencies and smart contracts, as well as the safety problems associated with them.

Блокчейн имеет множество преимуществ по сравнению с существующими платежными системами (банковских карт, электронных денег и пр.), таких как децентрализация и возможность аудита. Существует широкий спектр приложений блокчейна, начиная от криптовалюты, финансовых услуг, управления рисками, Интернета вещей и заканчивая государственными и социальными услугами. В ряде исследований основное внимание уделяется использованию технологии блокчейна в различных прикладных аспектах. Мы проводим исследование безопасности технологии блокчейна. В частности, эта статья уделяет внимание анализу безопасности использования блокчейна, представляет типичные атаки на протокол, рассматривает приложения блокчейна и обсуждает технические проблемы, а также последние достижения в решении проблем. Также приводятся анализ двух наиболее популярных криптовалют и смарт-контрактов, а также проблем безопасности связанных с ними.
Physical Dimension of Sciences
Authors: Ozhigov Yu.I.
Published: January 2025

A classification of scientific fields by the place that their typical objects occupy in three-dimensional space of physical dimensions: length, mass and time - in a logarithmic scale is proposed. Classification includes some areas of physics, chemistry, biology and geology, as well as history. The role of the areas that are not subject to the physical classification, for example, quantum mechanics is also discussed. Natural interdisciplinary connections are established, as well as the gaps – the regions of space in which there are no objects of modern science. Conclusions about the comparison of scientific fields on the index of interdisciplinarity are made and recommendations on the assessment of scientific achievements by a wide audience are given.

Предлагается классификация научных областей по тому месту, которое занимает их предмет в трехмерном пространстве физических размерностей: длины, массы и времени - в логарифмической шкале. Классификация включает некоторые области физики, химии, биологии и геологии, а также историю. Рассмотрена также роль областей, не подлежащих физической классификации, например, квантовой механики. Установлены естественные междисциплинарные связи, а также лакуны - области пространства размерностей, в которых отсутствуют предметы современного естествознания. Сделаны выводы об оценке научных областей по индексу междисциплинарности и даны рекомендации по оценке научных достижений широкой аудиторией.
Relationship between the level of antibodies to the RA-33 antigen and the course of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors:   FSBSI «Zborovsky Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology», Volgograd, Zavodovsky B.V. , Akhverdyan Yu.R. ,   FSBSI «Zborovsky Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology», Volgograd, Papichev E.V. ,   FSBSI «Zborovsky Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology», Volgograd, Polyakova Yu.V. ,   FSBSI «Zborovsky Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology», Volgograd, Sivordova L.E. ,   FSBSI «Zborovsky Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology», Volgograd
Published: January 2025

Objective: to study the relationship between the serum level of antibodies to the RA-33 antigen and the characteristics of the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Materials and methods. The study included 88 patients with a diagnosis of RA that met the ACR/EULAR criteria, 2010. All observed study participants were women (n=100%), aged from 22 to 81 years (M ± σ, 54.3 ± 12.1 years). Rheumatoid factor was detected in 64 people (72.7%). 59 (67%) study participants were positive for anti-CCP. The duration of RA was 0.5–30 years (M ± σ, 11.2 ± 8.6 years), the degree of activity according to DAS28: 0 degree of activity – 19 (21.6%) patients, 1 degree – 10 (11.6%), 2 degree – 52 (59.1%), 3 degree of activity – 7 (7.7%) patients. Among the observed patients, individuals with III radiological stage of the disease predominated. Statistical processing was performed using the Statistica 12.5 software package for Windows.
Results. The level of anti-RA-33 was assessed in a group of RA patients and healthy donors. The level anti-RA-33 was assessed in a group of RA patients and healthy donors. The level normal anti-RA-33 in healthy people, calculated as M±σ, was 10.3±10.2 U/ml (from 0.1 U/ml to 20.5 U/ml). The average level anti-RA-33 in RA patients, calculated as M±σ, was 12.7±31.6 U/ml (from 0 U/ml to 44.3 U/ml). The increase in the level anti-RA-33, compared with donors, is statistically significant (p=0.025) and was observed in 12.5% RA patients. Among 24 patients with RA seronegative by RF, an increase in the level anti-RA-33 was detected in 2 (8.3%) patients, and among 29 patients seronegative by ACCP - also in 2 (6.9%) patients. An increase in the level anti-RA-33 was mainly observed at the initial stages of the disease and with initial radiographic changes. In patients with an increased level anti-RA-33 (more than 20.5 U/ml), pronounced functional disorders were more often detected.
Findings. Thus, it can be concluded that antibodies to anti-RA33 can potentially provide additional diagnostic value in RA.
Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, diagnostics of rheumatoid arthritis, antibodies to RA-33, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein, HnRPA2B1.
Search for factors increasing the risk of developing anxiety and depressive disorders in the Yakut population
Authors:   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems (YSC CMP), Yakutsk, Ru, Krylov A.V. , Pavlova N.I. ,   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems (YSC CMP), Yakutsk, Ru, Bochurov A.A. ,   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems (YSC CMP), Yakutsk, Ru, Nikolaeva T.Ya. ,   FSAEI HE of M. Ammosov Northeastern Federal University, Kononova S.K. ,   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems (YSC CMP), Yakutsk, Ru, Fedorova S.A. ,   FSAEI HE of M. Ammosov Northeastern Federal University,   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems (YSC CMP), Yakutsk, Ru
Published: January 2025

The study is devoted to the study of factors increasing the risk of developing anxiety and depressive disorders in the Yakut population. Analysis of anxiety and depression indicators according to the HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) was conducted in a sample of 150 men and 183 women without neurological and mental diseases. It was found that HADS indicators are significantly higher in women compared to men, increased in groups of respondents over 25 years old, in groups of people with disabilities, in married people compared to single people. In a sample consisting of 33 men and 122 women, an analysis of the distribution frequencies of alleles (S and L) and genotypes (SS, SL, LL) of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism of the SLC6A4 gene was carried out. The results showed a high degree of similarity with the populations of East Asia (Japanese, Chinese, Koreans) and significant discrepancies with Caucasian groups. A search for associations of the S and L allele frequencies was conducted in groups with different indicators of anxiety and depression according to the HADS. A statistically significant association of the L allele with subclinical anxiety without depression was revealed.
Key words: 5-HTTLPR, depression, anxiety, serotonin transporter, psychogenetics.
Search for environmental factors affecting temperament traits of young people of the Yakut nationality
Authors:   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Nogovitsyna A.N. , Nakhodkin S.S. ,   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Kuzmina S.S. ,   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Fedorova S.A. ,   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk,   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems (YSC CMP), Yakutsk, Ru
Published: January 2025

For the first time, study of the influence of environmental factors (place of birth - city/village, season of birth, birth order, number of children in the family, smoking addiction, level of stressful situations experienced) on temperament traits in Yakuts (n=237) was carried out. To assess temperament traits - extraversion/ introversion and neuroticism - the Russian version of the questionnaire by G. Eysenck was used. It was found that the peculiarity of the studied sample is a high level of neuroticism: in men - 46%, in women - 72%. When analyzing the associations of temperament traits with various environmental factors, it was found that neuroticism rates in young people correlate with the number of traumatic events experienced in their childhood. In addition to the stress factor, temperament traits may be influenced by the season of birth: in women born in the spring and summer, on average, higher rates of extraversion are observed, and those born in autumn and winter have increased rates of neuroticism.
Keywords: temperament traits, neuroticism, extraversion/introversion, stressful situations, Yakuts (Sakha)
Monitoring the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in a multidisciplinary hospital
Authors:   Ph.D., head of the Department of Pharmacology and pharmacy of the Medical Institute of the M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Kuzmina A.A. , Klimova T.M. ,   Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology and pharmacy of the Medical Institute of the  M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, senior researcher of the Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Shamaeva S.Kh. ,   PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology (Bacteriology) of the Republican Hospital No. 2 - Center for Emergency Medical Care, Potapov A.F. ,   MD, Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care with a Course in Emergency Medical Care of the Faculty postgraduate training of doctors of the Medical Institute of the M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Bushkova E.A. ,   PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology and pharmacy of the Medical Institute of the  M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Malogulova I.Sh. ,   PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology and pharmacy of the Medical Institute of the M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Published: January 2025

The study evaluated the prevalence and resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains to antibacterial drugs in a multidisciplinary hospital in Yakutsk. This study included 4580 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from patients of the Republican Hospital No. 2 - Emergency Medical Care Center in the period from 2016 to 2022. The analysis showed that the majority of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains detected in intensive care and surgical departments. The dynamics show an increase in the prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains and an increase in resistance to carbapenems, against the background of a high proportion of isolates producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases.
Keywords: Klebsiella Pneumoniae, antibiotic resistance, carbapenems, carbapenemase, AMRcloud, monitoring.
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction: definition, classification and risk factors
Authors:   PhD, associate professor of the Medical Institute M.K. Ammosov Northeastern Federal University, senior researcher, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Yakutsk, Tappakhov A.A. , Lukachevskaya Ya.A. ,   doctor-anesthesiologist, emergency physician of the Republican Hospital No2 - Emergency Medical Centre, Yakutsk
Published: January 2025

One of the common and current adverse events following surgery is postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). At the same time, there are no unified temporal and clinical criteria for its classification, and approaches to diagnosis and treatment are predominantly empirical. Based on a literature review, the leading risk factors for the development of both postoperative delirium (POD) and POCD itself have been identified, and factors that can reduce the likelihood of cognitive impairment after surgery have been highlighted. The pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to the development of POCD are discussed. The authors have established that POCD and POD are significant clinical problems requiring interdisciplinary efforts and a comprehensive approach to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Keywords: postoperative cognitive dysfunction, postoperative delirium, surgery, anesthetics, cognitive impairment, dementia.
Universal Phase Identification of Block Copolymers from Physics-informed Machine Learning
Authors: Fang Xinyi , Murphy Elizabeth , Kohl Phillip , Li Youli , Hawker Craig , Bates Christopher , Gu Mengyang
Published: January 2025

Block copolymers play a vital role in materials science due to their diverse self-assembly behavior. Traditionally, exploring the phase space of block copolymer self-assembly and associated structure-property re- lationships involves iterative synthesis, characterization, and theory, which is labor-intensive both experimentally and computationally. Here, we intro- duce a versatile, high-throughput workflow towards materials discovery that integrates controlled polymerization and automated chromatographic separa- tion with a novel physics-informed machine learning algorithm for the rapid analysis of small-angle X-ray scattering data. Leveraging the expansive and high-quality experimental datasets generated by fractionating polymers using automated chromatography, this machine learning method effectively reduces data dimensionality by extracting chemical-independent features from SAXS data. This new approach allows for the rapid and accurate prediction of mor- phologies without repetitive and time-consuming manual analysis, achieving out-of-sample predictive accuracy of around 95% for both novel and existing materials in the training dataset. By focusing on a subset of samples with large predictive uncertainty, only a small fraction of the samples needs to be inspected to further improve accuracy. Collectively, the synergistic combi- nation of controlled synthesis, automated chromatography, and data-driven analysis creates a powerful workflow that markedly expedites the discovery of structure-property relationships in advanced soft materials.
Tailoring Spectral Response and First Hyperpolarizability of Aryl-Substituted BODIPY-based 'Push-Pull’ Chromophores: Influence of Medium and Structural Modifications
Authors: Dutta Anushree , Iglesias-Reguant Alex , Luis Josep M. , Misra Ramprasad , Deb Nabanita
Published: January 2025

The medium plays a pivotal role in dictating the extent of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) in a molecule, which in turn could be useful in tuning its spectral as well as nonlinear optical (NLO) response properties. Tuning of ICT in a 𝜋-conjugated electronic donor-accepter molecule has been utlized to modulate the absorption and emission maxima as well as the first hyperpolarizability (𝛽) of the so-called ’push-pull’ chromophores. Molecules with boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based acceptors became popular in recent years for their unique photophysical properties, ease of synthesis, and high thermal stability. In this article, we present a quantum chemical investigation of the influence of the medium on the ICT process of some novel aryl-substituted BODIPY molecules. This influence ultimately modulates their absorption, emission, and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. Both static and frequency-dependent 𝛽 for the second harmonic generation are investigated along with the the Pockels effect. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations using long-range corrected CAM-B3LYP functional was employed in the present study. Restricting the rotation of the aryl ring through the incorporation of methyl groups to the BODIPY moiety enhances the fluorescence decay rate of the molecule. Both electronic and vibrational contributions to the static 𝛽 are considered. A significant increase in 𝛽 has been observed in polar solvents, compared to that in the gas phase. An interplay between structural and electronic effects was found to dictate the properties investigated. Our results sheds light on the ICT process in the studied BODIPY dyes and could be useful in tuning their spectral properties as well as formulating design principles of novel NLO materials for future technological applications.
Empowering scientists: delivering AI tools through an ELN framework at the enterprise level
Authors: Qin Ting , Chandrasekaran Aparna , Maguire Oran , Hoffman Jack , Shiers Jason , Jain Tarun , Sambrook Smith Colin
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds immense potential to revolutionize drug discovery, yet its widespread adoption within scientific enterprises faces significant hurdles. Key challenges include ensuring user-friendliness, managing complex workflows, and integrating diverse datasets. To address these issues, we propose a novel framework that leverages the familiar Electronic Lab Notebook (ELN) paradigm. By seamlessly integrating AI workflows as ELN protocols and AI job runs as ELN experiments, our approach provides a user-centric and scalable solution that aligns with established scientific practices. This ELN-based framework, implemented at Sygnature Discovery, adheres to FAIR principles, enhancing data findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability. By mirroring the intuitive ELN interface, our solution empowers bench scientists to easily access and utilize cutting-edge AI tools, accelerating drug discovery efforts and maximizing the return on AI investments.
Modeling of cement clinker production in a rotary kiln incorporating melting and aggregation of particles
Authors: Dhayal Akanksha , Suhail Mohammed , Subramanian Sivakumar , Runkana Venkataramana
Published: January 2025

Cement clinker is produced in rotary kilns operating at high temperature. The harsh internal conditions in the kiln prevent direct measurements of key process variables. Digital twins that use mathematical models to mimic and emulate the process in real time are viable alternatives to track equipment performance and product quality. Building on the past modeling efforts for rotary kilns, this work brings in two important and interacting phenomena of melting and aggregation that have often been ignored in the literature. Some of the components that form in the solid phase, melt due to the high temperature in the kiln. The melt aids smaller particles to aggregate and grow to form large clinker chunks. In this work, a core-shell model is used to capture the melting process along with a population balance model to track the particle size distribution of the aggregates. The model predicts melting and aggregation to take place nearly after 75\% of the kiln length from the feed end. The model is first validated with published chemical analysis of clinker in an industrial kiln. Simulations reveal that as melting lowers the bed temperature, it reduces $\rm C_{3}S$ production and increases $\rm C_{2}S$ production. Aggregation somewhat reverses the trend, bringing out the interactions among particle size, melting and reaction kinetics.
Mechanically and photoelectrochemically stable WO3 | BiVO4 | NiFeOOH photoanodes synthesised by a scalable chemical vapour deposition method
Authors: Creasey George , McCallum Tristan , Ai Guangrui , Tam Brian , Rodriguez Acosta John Wilman , Mohammad Yousuf Alvia , Fearn Sarah , Kafizas Andreas , Hankin Anna
Published: January 2025

The development of scalable, stable and high performance photoelectrodes remains the major bottleneck in up-scaling photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting systems. A photoanode structure of particular promise is WO3 | BiVO4, where the formation of staggered heterojunction between nanostructured WO3 and a thin layer of BiVO4 mitigates charge carrier mobility limitations present for BiVO4 alone and suppresses recombination. Although these electrodes remain prone to photo-corrosion, this effect can be mitigated through the application of water oxidation surface co-catalysts. An additional challenge that has rarely been addressed in the literature to date is the need for strong adhesion to the substrate and mechanical stability of these photoelectrodes, so that they can withstand flow-induced shear stress exerted by the electrolyte in continuous flow under operational conditions. Herein, we propose a scalable route to synthesising WO3 | BiVO4 | NiFeOOH photoanodes entirely by aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition (AA-CVD). The mechanical stability of the WO3 | BiVO4 heterojunction was optimised by tuning the morphology of the WO3 underlayer and improving its adhesion to the FTO transparent substrate. To address BiVO4 dissolution at the electrode | electrolyte interface, we fabricated a NiFeOOH co-catalyst by a novel AA-CVD method. This suppressed BiVO4 dissolution and enhanced the water oxidation performance of the photoanode, characterised by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), photoelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy (PEIS) and chopped chronoamperometry. The photoanode materials were physically characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Our optimised photoanodes with 1 cm2 photoactive area delivered a stable photocurrent density of 1.75 mA cm-2 (at 1 simulated sun irradiance and 1.23 VRHE) during 24-hour testing in a continuous PEC flow reactor (operated at 0.5 cm s-1). Our method for growing WO3 | BiVO4 | NiFeOOH photoanodes is up-scalable, and therefore suitable for producing large-area demonstration devices, providing a pathway to commercial photoelectrochemical hydrogen production.
RESEARCH TRENDS IN EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION IN REMOTE WORK CONDITION: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Gao Pei , Turebekova Bazhan , Kłoczko-Gajewska Anna
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only fundamentally transformed organizational practices, but leading to an unprecedented shift toward remote work at the same time. This study focuses on under-standing the relationship between remote work and employee motivation, which has attracted increased interests in the post-pandemic era. The purpose of this study is to conduct a bibliometric review of the literature, highlighting key research trends, central themes, and influential contributions in this field.Based on 50 publications retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, the analysis employs mapped publication trends, citation structures, keyword co-occurrence networks, and leading countries by using scientific research tools include VOSviewer and CiteSpace. The findings reveal significant research clusters addressing psychological well-being, job satisfaction, autonomy, and the integration of digital tools in modern organizational practices. Notably, the results show an exponential growth in academic interest beginning in 2020, driven by the global adoption of remote work and its implications for employee motivation.The analysis contributes to the existing theoretical system by providing a comprehensive overview of research developments in remote work and employee motivation. The analysis identifies three poten-tial future research directions: exploring the dynamic evolution of motivational needs in remote work environments, assessing the long-term impacts of remote work on mental health and organizational outcomes, and evaluating the effectiveness of new motivational strategies, such as autonomy support, in mitigating employee burnout.The significance of the research is informing organizational leaders and policymakers about emerg-ing trends and effective motivational strategies, helping them to enable better adaptation to remote and hybrid work environments in the future.
EXPLORING THE USE OF LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Bizhanov Nurzhan , Manarbek Gulden , Shaikh Aijaz
Published: January 2025

This study aims to investigate the functional capabilities of the learning management system (LMS) as an effective tool for quality management in technical and vocational education, allowing for the analysis of the current situation and assessment of the effectiveness of work at all levels. This study has significant theoretical and practical value for deepening and expanding the theory of quality assessment in technical and vocational education and the management system, as well as for the development of scientific, standardized and adaptive systems and models in the future. This study aims to highlight the significance of an integrated model of various information systems’ success in using LMS in technical and vocational education (TVE) institutions. The work also provides a comparative analysis of the features of using LMS in secondary and higher education institutions and TVE. Thus, this study identifies promising areas for further analysis and scientific research, providing valuable information on the use of LMS in the context of TVE. In addition, the study reveals new factors influencing the effectiveness of LMS in TVE institutions.
Theoretical and methodological foundations for forming the social consciousness of future foreign language teachers in the age of information education
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kabenova Diana , Uskenbayeva Symbat , Bissalieva Nurbike
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the topical issues of socially significant consciousness formation of future foreign language teachers. The authors analyzed the state and highlighted the prospects for the development of students’ socially significant consciousness in the conditions of open information space. As a result of studying this issue the necessity to correct the influence of various information from the Internet on students is emphasized. The article analyses the foreign and domestic scientific literature on the issue sought. Referring to the rapid development of the information paradigm of modern education, researchers have identified and systematized theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation of socially significant consciousness in the general information learning process. The outlined theoretical novelty of the study emphasizes its significance, which is expressed in the fact that the identified approaches will enrich the theory and increase the potential of pedagogical research in this direction. The practical significance of the study lies in the innovative technologies definition of modern general information learning with the use of media texts, to which the authors attributed CLIL- and analytical and situational technologies of work with authentic media texts from the Internet. Having defined the conceptual framework (substantive and procedural): purpose, content, organization, methods and forms, etc., the authors implemented them in the practice of training future foreign language teachers. Various methods of working with authentic media texts are widely presented in the article.
A PERSONALIZED LEARNING TO PROMOTE STUDENTS’ LEARNING ON PROGRAMMING
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Duisekeyeva Balzhan , Koneva Svetlana , Sarsembayeva Talshyn
Published: January 2025

Today’s secondary school curriculum includes computer science as one of its core disciplines, with an emphasis on the fundamentals of programming. Students who are learning write computer code by following the textbook step-by-step without realizing the connections between concepts. Because of this, a lot of students find it difficult to grasp even the most basic programming ideas, making it difficult for them to develop basic programs and eventually acquire and understand more sophisticated ideas. In light of this, this study suggests a customized learning environment that is built on a variety of sources of unique student data, such as learning challenges, learning preferences, and grade levels. Exam response analysis aids in determining the learning challenges that students encounter. Furthermore, a learning styles questionnaire is employed to adjust the presenting style according to the distinct learning type of every learner. Each student’s learning resources are also arranged according to their performance level, which is divided into three categories: high, medium, and low. According to data analysis, students who made use of the tailored learning environment were successful in learning the fundamentals of computer programming. The study included quantitative surveys on student views, engagement, satisfaction, and tailored learning preferences in addition to qualitative test analysis.In order to improve students’ abilities and learning outcomes, the research focused on the emotional and psychological components of the individualized approach, involving eighth-grade students from Nazarbayev Intellectual School of Physics and Mathematics in Taraz city.
THE IMPACT OF OFFICIAL EXTERNAL FINANCING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES: A CASE STUDY OF A SAMPLE OF INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES FOR THE PERIOD 2007-2022
Authors: Imed Berkane , Djamel Mattoug
Published: January 2025

Objective This study aims to examine the impact of official external financing on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in industrial countries over the period 2007-2022. SME performance is measured using turnover and added value, while official external financing is represented by outstanding business loans, government loan guarantees, and venture capital.
 
Theoretical Framework: The study highlights the significant role of SMEs in economic support and emphasizes financing as a key factor affecting their performance amidst challenges.
 
Method: A descriptive-analytical approach is adopted, collecting data on financing mechanisms and SME performance. A case study methodology is used for practical insights, and quantitative methods analyze the relationship between financing and SME performance.
 
Results and Discussion: The results show a significant positive impact of outstanding business loans on both turnover and added value of SMEs. Specifically, an increase of one million USD in business loans leads to increases of 0.22347 million USD in turnover and 0.272525 million USD in added value. Government loan guarantees and venture capital had no statistically significant effect.
 
Research Implications: The study emphasizes the importance of outstanding business loans as a financing mechanism and advocates for policy development to enhance access to financing, as well as improving government loan guarantees and venture capital.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the impact of financing mechanisms on SME performance in industrial countries. It offers insights for policymakers to drive economic performance and enhance SME competitiveness.
A case of brachial artery pseudoaneurysm requiring endovascular therapy twice
Authors: Koyama Eiji , Tobita Kazuki , Miyashita Hirokazu , Saito Shigeru
Published: January 2025

Brachial artery pseudoaneurysm (BAP) is a complication that can result from trauma, iatrogenic injury, or drug abuse, and can have serious consequences for the limb and overall health, including hemorrhage, nerve injury, venous edema, loss of limb function, and rupture. This paper describes a case of BAP that developed following the first hemostasis procedure and required a second endovascular therapy (EVT) procedure. The patient in this case had an iatrogenic brachial artery pseudoaneurysm (BAP) that appeared 10 days after coronary angiography. The patient experienced swelling and pain in the left upper limb, prompting emergency hemostasis with EVT. Percutaneous thrombin injection was administered, along with balloon inflation, and angiography confirmed successful hemostasis. However, 16 days after the initial EVT, the patient returned to the hospital with the same symptoms, and a recurrence of BAP was observed on duplex ultrasound. Stent graft implantation was required due to vessel structure disruption detected by intravascular ultrasound imaging. Following stent graft deployment, a final angiogram showed that the pseudoaneurysm had disappeared, and the patient experienced no complications for three months. This case highlights the importance of observing vascular structure with intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) to predict successful hemostasis, and suggests that additional therapy should be considered when the structure is disrupted.
THE EVOLUTION AND PERFORMANCE OF THE INDIAN BANKING SYSTEM: MILESTONES, STRUCTURAL REFORMS AND STRATEGIC PATHWAYS IN THE INDIAN ECONOMY
Authors: Sehgal Aishwarya , Rana Rashmi Singh , Purohit Harsh
Published: January 2025

From traditional customs and colonial-era banking concepts to strong, technologically advanced frameworks, the Indian banking system has undergone significant changes. This study examines the development of Indian banking over time, starting with the founding of the Presidency Banks, the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) regulatory function, and the revolutionary effects of nationalisation on rural loans and financial inclusions. A paradigm change occurred during the liberalisation period of the 1990s, which brought in foreign and private banks, promoted competition, and brought Indian banking into line with international norms.
मानसिक स्वास्थ्य का शैक्षिक उपलब्धि पर प्रभाव का अध्ययन
Authors: Prachi  , Singh Manu
Published: January 2025

प्रस्तुत अध्ययन के अन्तर्गत माध्यमिक स्तर के छात्रों के मानसिक स्वास्थ्य एवं शैक्षिक उपलब्धि का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन किया गया है। अध्ययन हेतु जनपद मथुरा के 10 माध्यमिक विद्यालयों में से 2 विद्यालयों का चयन किया गया है तथा मानसिक स्वास्थ्य सम्बन्धी 6 बिन्दुओं का लिंग भेद के आधार पर अध्ययन किया गया है। 1. संवेगात्मक स्थिरता, 2. समायोजन. 3. स्वायत्तता, 4. सुरक्षा असुरक्षा 5. आत्म-प्रत्यय तथा 6. बुद्धि। परिणामों के विश्लेषणोपरान्त पाया गया कि मानसिक स्वास्थ्य छात्र एवं छात्राओं की शैक्षिक उपलब्धि को-धनात्मक रूप से प्रभावित करता है तथा लिंग के भेद के आधार पर मानसिक स्वास्थ्य के 6 प्रत्ययों में कोई अन्तर नहीं पाया गया।
UNVEILING THE PEDAGOGICAL WISDOM: EXPLORING THE TEACHING METHODOLOGY OF USTAD LACHHMAN SINGH SEEN
Authors: Seen Arupriya
Published: January 2025

This paper delves into the pedagogical contributions of UstadLachhman Singh Seen, a revered Guru in the Indian classical music tradition. Renowned for his comprehensive approach to teaching, UstadSeen's methods integrate both psychological and technical aspects of music education. His holistic pedagogy, derived from the Guru-Shishya tradition, emphasizes the student's innate capabilities, fostering creativity, rigorous practice, and a deep understanding of musical intricacies. By examining his strategies, which include personalized instruction, scientific analysis of music, and nurturing a lifelong bond with students, the paper highlights his profound impact on his disciples and the broader field of classical music. UstadSeen'steaching legacy extends beyond musical techniques, including cultivating a scientific approach, promoting correct and severe practice, and instilling confidence and musical etiquette in his students. His dedication to music education and his students' development has left an indelible mark on the classical music landscape.
THE INFLUENCE OF VISCOUS DAMPERS AND BASE-ISOLATED VISCOUS DAMPERS ON ENHANCING BRIDGE PERFORMANCE IN SEISMICALLY ACTIVE AREAS
Authors: Wankhede Dhiraj Gunwant , Kulkarni Anant G. , Lamba Akshit
Published: January 2025

The primary objective of this research paper is to investigate the effectiveness of Viscous Dampers and Viscous Dampers with Base Isolation in bridge construction, particularly for minimizing displacement during seismic events. As seismic resilience becomes increasingly crucial in the design and construction of bridges, this study seeks to explore how integrating a viscous damper with base isolation can significantly reduce structural displacement and enhance overall performance under dynamic loading conditions.In this research, artificial intelligence programming in Python will be employed to simulate and analyze the behavior of viscous dampers within bridge systems. Key parameters such as mass, frequency, sway frequency, wind load, seismic load, correlation heatmaps, and displacement will be evaluated to understand the dynamic interaction between the damping systems and bridge performance. The study will leverage machine learning techniques to process large datasets and identify patterns that inform the optimal design and placement of viscous dampers and base isolation units.The research will provide a detailed analysis of how these damping technologies affect the seismic response of bridges, offering insights into their role in reducing structural damage and enhancing safety. Additionally, the findings will assist engineers in making data-driven decisions to improve the seismic resilience of bridge structures. Ultimately, this study aims to contribute valuable knowledge for advancing the use of innovative damping solutions, ensuring safer, more resilient infrastructure capable of withstanding seismic hazards.
Can MZ CEOs Become the Winning Pitchers of Innovative Companies? : Examining the Influence of MZ CEOs in Prospector Strategy Companies
Authors:   Korea Accounting Information Association, Kim Yujin
Published: January 2025

[Purpose] This study aims to explore whether Millennial and Generation Z (MZ) CEOs can be pivotal in driving the growth of innovative companies, especially amid the trending issue of their appointments as top executives in major firms. It investigates whether there is a difference in firm value between companies managed by MZ CEOs versus those that are not, with a particular focus on comparing defensive companies that prioritize cost minimization for short-term results against innovative companies that emphasize long-term performance through innovation.
[Methodology] The study employs a dataset of Korean listed companies on the KOSPI and KOSDAQ from 2013 to 2022, following the adoption of the IFRS. I conduct panel data analysis to examine the impact of MZ leaders on corporate value and the moderating effects of business strategy.
[Findings] The findings reveal no significant direct correlation between MZ CEOs and firm value. However, a moderating effect of business strategy is observed in the relationship, indicating that the positive impact of MZ CEOs on financial performance is significant only in innovative companies. Additionally, when assessing the aspects of research and development, efficiency, growth potential, marketing, organizational stability, and capital intensity, four areas-research and development, efficiency, growth potential, and capital intensity-show a clear positive impact of MZ CEOs on firm value.
[Implications] This research extends the scope of accounting studies related to the determinants of corporate financial performance, characteristics of executives, and strategy by empirically examining the generational issues of executives, firm value, and business strategy. Practically, it validates the management capabilities of MZ CEOs at the forefront of generational changes in executive teams, suggesting suitable executive characteristics for innovative companies aimed at sustainable future growth.
Case Report: Intussusception in an Infant with Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection and Post-Operative Wound Dehiscence
Authors: Lamin Makalo , Orlianys Ruiz Perez , Benjamin Martin , Cherno S Jallow , Momodou Lamin Jobarteh , Alagie Baldeh , Abdul Malik Fye , Fatoumatta Jitteh , Isatou Bah
Published: January 2025

Intussusception is a leading cause of intestinal obstruction in young children, typically presenting with colicky abdominal pain and altered stool characteristics, before progressing to abdominal distension and bilious vomiting. This case report describes an 8-month-old male who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, respiratory distress, and signs of intestinal obstruction. The patient was diagnosed with intussusception and found to be positive for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). After an attempted ultrasound-guided hydrostatic fluid enema, he underwent laparotomy to resolve the intussusception but developed post-operative complications, including delayed wound healing and wound dehiscence. The interplay of viral infections like RSV, and treatments such as steroids in pediatric surgical cases warrants further attention, especially concerning postoperative outcomes.
Quercetin Determination in Dietary Supplement and in Onion Peel Extracts using a Photoluminescent 3-mercatpopropionic acid (3MPA) CdTe Quantum Dots Analytical Probe
Authors: Rodrigues Juliana , Real Juliana , Peñafiel Marlin , da Silva Andrea , Aucelio Ricardo
Published: January 2025

A method to quantify quercetin (QUE) was developed based on the quenching effect this flavonoid exerts on the photoluminescence of 3-mercaptopropioni acid (3MPA) CdTe quantum dots (QDs) in aqueous solution. The luminescence (460/527 nm) from 3MPA-CdTe QDs (at an estimated 1.5  10-7 mol L-1) produced a linear relationship (R2 0.990) between the luminescence quenched normalized signal in function of QUE concentration between 5.0  10-6 and 6.0  10-5 mol L-1. The proposed method was successfully used to quantify QUE in the presence of other flavonoids and vitamin C with a limit of detection of 3.2  10-6 mol L-1. The standard deviation at the 10-5 mol L-1 level of QUE was 2%. The effect of other flavonoids in QDs luminescence was evaluated and no interference was observed in the case of catechin and flavone (at concentrations as high as 5 times the one of QUE). Hisperitin, naringenin, kaempferol, and galangin showed no interferences at the same concentration of QUE. However, morin interfered when present even at the same concentration of QUE. Vitamin C interfered when present at a concentration higher than 10 times the one of QUE. The contents of QUE in manipulated formulation and food supplement capsules were determined by the proposed method and compared with results obtained by HPLC. Finally, quercetin determination with 3MPA-CdTe QDs was applied for the analysis of yellow and red onion extracts after thin-layer chromatography to enable selectivity towards QUE.
Introduction.The Relevance of Kondratieff's Ideas Today
Authors: Grinin Leonid , Korotayev Andrey V.
Published: January 2025

Nikolai Kondratieff contributed significantly to various fields of econom-ics. He became famous abroad during his lifetime. One of his most outstanding works was The Basic Problems of Economic Statics and Dynamics. Among all significant contributions to a number of areas of economic science Kondratieff's theory of long cycles (waves) brought him the greatest popularity. Kondratieff was not a discoverer of long waves in economic and social dynamics, but the founder of the first scientific theory of these waves, which had already become long cycles in this theory.
N. D. Kondratieff's Legacy and the Role of His Views in Analyzing Modern Economic Problems and Trends
Authors: Bondarenko Valentina M.
Published: January 2025

The article describes the history of recognition of N. D. Kondratieff's ideas, especially in the field of the theory of conjuncture, regularities of its dynam-ics, and long waves of economic conjuncture. At first they were recognized abroad, and in Russia – only since the late 1980s of the 20th century. Kondratieff's legacy is much richer. He formulated methodological approaches to the analysis of what is (Sein) and what ought to be (Sollen), and analyzed the correlation between teleological and genetic methods of research. He also laid the foundations for the development of the theory of forecasting. But it is the Kondratieff's doctrine on cyclical fluctuations of long waves of economic conjuncture that is most accepted by modern scientists and is the basis for analyzing today's economic problems and trends.
Заметки по поводу законов робототехники А. Азимова
Authors: Разин Александр Владимирович
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются вопросы оснований человеческой деятельности, предполагающей наличие у людей сознания и самосознания, средств коммуникации, основанных на языке, организованных форм познания и культурной принадлежности индивида. Показывается, что
в отличие от искусственного интеллекта человек способен к поиску принципиально новых средств достижения целей, а сами цели выглядят как утверждаемые на основе динамического процесса развития культуры всего общества и вовлеченного в этот процесс индивида. В то же время, если робот действует по приказам человека, он фактически в собственном целеполагании не нуждается. Согласно авторской позиции законы Азимова не учитывают задач, которые в принципе способен осуществлять искусственный интеллект в современном обществе, и потому они не могут быть использованы в их непосредственном виде, а должны быть заменены дифференцированными кодексами, на которые смогут опираться разработчики робототехники.
Shifting Power Dynamics in the Asia-Pacific: How Small and Medium Powers are Adapting to the New International Order
Authors: Bayat Saman
Published: January 2025

The Asia-Pacific region is currently undergoing a significant shift in power dynamics as the international order transitions fr om a period dominated by the United States to a more competitive global environment. This transition has created opportunities for small and medium-sized powers in the region to strengthen their influence and improve their strategic position both regionally and internationally. This article aims to examine how these powers are adapting to the new international order and explores the consequences of their approaches. The article argues that given the limited effectiveness of interdependence in creating deterrence during recent international crises, small and medium powers must adopt new strategies to achieve their goals and enhance their position in the face of increasing competition between revisionist and conservative powers. The article emphasizes the growing importance of establishing reciprocal interdependence in the geo-economic and geo-political dimensions in shaping the strategies of small and medium powers in the Asia-Pacific region. This approach is considered necessary for smaller nations to achieve their goals in the new international order.
Explanations in Psychology from the Statement View and the Non-Statement View: A Dialogue with Artificial Intelligence (Copilot)
Authors: Witte Erich H.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: In the need for a scientific dialogue, I use AI (Copilot) to discuss the concept of theories from a Statement View (SV) and from the Non-Statement View (NSV) with the copilot. If theories should answer WHAT-, HOW, and WHY-Questions then a combination of SV with NSV is indispensable. The consequence is the creation of a scientific research object in psychology modeled as an individual system. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, psychology, system theory, explanation, Non-Statement view