bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Título en español
Authors: Jack A. Korber  , Paul F. Randel
Published: October 2020

Cuatro grupos de 7 vacas, algunas Holstein y otras Pardo Suiza, cada uno, se utilizaron en un experimento de dos períodos para probar cuatro tratamientos, en un diseño que constó de dos reversiones simples de tratamientos. Los tratamientos A, suplementación con fracciones solubles de estreptomicetos (LSS), y B, un testigo, se alternaron en un diseño de cuadrado latino; tratamientos C, suplementación con fracciones solubles condensadas de la destilación de melaza de caña de azúcar (CMS), y D, otro testigo, se alternaron en un diseño similar. Se redujeron las asignaciones diarias de concentrado por una cantidad equivalente en materia seca (DM) a la consumida en los suplementos líquidos en los tratamientos A y C. Estos se ofrecieron a las vacas en grupos por 5 ó 6 horas diarias. De noche todas las vacas pastaron juntas en praderas de mediana calidad. Se obtuvieron los promedios globales (y desviaciones estándares) siguientes: producción lechera diaria, 11.23 ± 4.05 kg; grasa láctea, 3.67 ± .66%; sólidos no grasos lácteos, 8.79 ± .61 %; sólidos totales lácteos, 12.46 ± .98%. Los tratamientos no tuvienon influencia significativa sobre estas características. El consumo de LSS no resultó en actividad antibiótica detectable en la leche. Los consumos diarios de DM procedente de LSS en los períodos 1 y 2 y en total fueron .64, .18 y .41 kg, respectivamente. Las cifras correspondientes para CMS fueron .44, 1.36 y .89 kg. Los cocientes de leche o leche corregida a 4% de grasa producida/DM suplementaria total consumida fueron como sigue en los cuatro tratamientos: A, 4.15 y 4.10; B, 4.03 y 3.81; C, 3.74 y 3.47; D, 3.77 y 3.51. A base de los datos referentes a las lactancias, de conversión parcial de los alimentos y de peso vivo, se estiman al LSS y al CMS como suplementos líquidos satisfactorios en sustitución parcial de los concentrados para vacas a prado. Sin embargo, su aceptación no es muy buena.
Efecto enanizante de los injertos dobles en el crecimiento y rendimiento del mangó
Authors: Agripino Pérez  , Arturo Cedeño-Maldonado  , Ismael Reyes-Soto  , Justo López
Published: October 2020

Se realizaron estudios en la Subestación Experimental Agrícola de Fortuna por 10 años para determinar los efectos de 5 doble injertos sobre el crecimiento y los componentes del rendimiento de 2 variedades comerciales de mangó. Se encontró que los doble injertos no afectaron significativamente el diámetro del patrón cuando se usó la variedad Edward como injerto, pero tuvieron efecto significativo, aunque únicamente en la etapa de 3 y 6 años cuando se usó la variedad Palmer como injerto. La variedad Irwin como doble injerto desarrolló un diámetro sigificativamente mayor que las demás a los 3 años con Edward como injerto y a los 3 y 6 años con la varidad Palmer como injerto. El doble injerto más delgado se produjo con la variedad Edward sobre la Manzano Tetenené. El doble injerto causó muy poco efecto sobre el diámetro del injerto en las etapas estudiadas para ambas variedades. Los injertos de Edward y Palmer sobre Irwin como doble injerto arrojaron proporciones de injerto a doble injerto significativamente menores; ocurrió lo opuesto cuando se usó Julie como doble injerto. Los árboles más pequeños en la etapa de 3 años fueron los injertados sobre la variedad Malda como doble injerto; a los 6 y 9 años lo fueron los de la variedad Edward en combinación con Malda y Manzano Tetenené como doble injertos. La eficiencia de rendimiento disminuyó significativamente con la edad y el tamaño de los árboles, lo que sugiere una correlación negativa entre estos parámetros. La producción de la variedad Edward fue significativamente mayor que la de Palmer a los 3 años del trasplante. La variedad Edward sobre Eldon como doble injerto produjo significativamente más frutas a los 3, 6 y 9 años después del trasplante que las demás combinaciones de doble injertos. La variedad Palmer con Eldon como doble injerto fue significativamente más precoz que con los otros doble injertos. Malda y Manzano Tetenené como doble injertos redujeron significativamente el tamaño del árbol Edward; la variedad Julie tuvo un efecto similar sobre Palmer.
Evaluación a escala de planta piloto de un nutrimento comercial de levadura para fermentar mieles ricas
Authors: Eduardo Cacho  , Nivia Murphy  , Eleanor Fontanet
Published: October 2020

Se hicieron estudios a escala de laboratorio experimental con un proceso semicontinuo de 10% de inóculo de levadura y el azúcar necesario para obtener 9% (v/v) de etanol. Los nutrimentos añadidos fueron sulfato amónico (2 g./l.), fosfato monobásico de amonio (0.5 g./l.) y nutrimento comercial de levadura (1 g./l.). Después de 24 horas las muestras se analizaron para medir el rendimiento alcohólico y la composición de congenéricos. La adición de nutrimentos de levadura logró que las fermentaciones progresaran más rápidamente y produjeran rendimientos más altos.
Niveles de sal y azúcar para una efectiva regeneración de plantas a partir de tejidos de yautía cultivadas in vitro
Authors: Arturo Cedeño-Maldonado  , Carlos Fierro  , Angel Bosques
Published: October 2020

Se establecieron cultivos in vitro de meristemos apicales y de yemas laterales de cormos de yautía. Los meristemos se cultivaron en el medio de Murashige y Skoog (M S) modificado. Las modificaciones incluyeron varias concentraciones de sales y sacarosa. Se evaluaron 16 tratamientos con respecto a la formación de raíces y tallos y al desarrollo de plántulas. Solo en un medio se obtuvo el ciclo completo de regeneración desde el meristemo hasta el desarrollo de la plántula completa. Las combinaciones con concentraciones altas en azúcar y bajas en sales favorecieron la regeneración de plantas múltiples. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron en combinaciones que contenían un 133% de azúcar y 75% de sales al compararlas con el medio M S modificado. Se obtuvo mejor regeneración de plántulas de las yemas laterales que de las yemas apicales.
Requisitos de riego para sorgo en las costas sur y norte de Puerto Rico
Authors: Megh R. Goyal  , Eladio A. González
Published: October 2020

Se estimó el requisito de riego neto (RRN) del sorgo para 5 épocas de siembra y 3 períodos distintos que terminaban a los 3, 3.5 y 4 meses. El estudio se hizo en las subestaciones agrícolas de Fortuna e Isabela, Puerto Rico. La subestación de Fortuna, Juana Díaz, está localizada en la costa semiárida del sur y la de Isabela en la costa húmeda del norte. Se utilizó el modelo modificado de Blaney-Criddle para estimar el uso consuntivo mensual a base de los promedios de temperatura y lluvia mensual. EL UC y RRN fueron mayores en la subestación de Fortuna para todas las fechas de siembra. En la siembra de enero, el RRN (pulg.) varió de 2.57 a 3.83, 0.71 a 3.83 y 2.13 a 4.24 para los períodos de 3, 3.5 y 4 meses en Fortuna, respectivamente, mientras que en Isabela los valores variaron de 1.53 a 2.76, 0.00 a 2.76 y 1.18 a 3.03 para los mismos períodos. El RRN (pulg.) total para Fortuna fue 9.36, 11.13 y 12.79 para los períodos de 3, 3.5 y 4 meses, respectivamente. Para estos mismos períodos en Isabela los valores fueron 6.45, 7.40 y 8.80, respectivamente. En ambos sitios el RRN mínimo ocurrió en marzo en el período de 3 meses y en abril para los períodos de 3.5 y 4 meses. En todas las fechas de siembra el RRN (pulg.) total varió de 8.46 a 9.36, de 10.37 a 11.13 y de 11.67 a 12.79 en Fortuna y de 5.34 a 6.45, de 6.36 a 7.40 y de 7.51 a 8.80 en Isabela, en los períodos de 3, 3.5 y 4 meses, respectivamente. En ambos sitios el RRN mínimo se observó en las siembras de noviembre, mientras que el RRN total máximo se observó en la siembra de enero. El RRN se estimó también para 20% de probabilidad de lluvia, lo cual representa un año seco.
CHEMICAL CONTROL OF CLIMBING MIMOSA IN A LOCAL PASTURE
Authors: Lii-Chyuan Liu  , Greisha Sievens
Published: October 2020

CHEMICAL CONTROL OF CLIMBING MIMOSA IN A LOCAL PASTURE
REFRIGERATION BEFORE INCUBATION AND ITS EFFECT ON RECOVERY OF TWO TYPES OF BACTERIA FROM FOOD
Authors: Fred Fernández-Coll  , Luis Silva-Negrón
Published: October 2020

REFRIGERATION BEFORE INCUBATION AND ITS EFFECT ON RECOVERY OF TWO TYPES OF BACTERIA FROM FOOD
BACTERIAL LEAF SPOT OF COFFEE
Authors: Amelia Cortés-Monllor
Published: October 2020

BACTERIAL LEAF SPOT OF COFFEE
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SISWA DALAM MEMBACA ALQURAN DENGAN METODE DRILL (LATIHAN) MELALUI EXPLICIT INSTRUCTION
Authors: Lubis Tabrani
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan memaparkan metode Drill melalui explicit instruction dalam peningkatan proses belajar mengajar mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama terutama dalam pengajaran aspek Alquran. Strategi pembelajaran yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan  tutor sebaya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subjek penelitian kelas X.1 yang diajar oleh guru PAI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Metode drill/ latihan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam  membaca Alquran. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari penuturan huruf Alquran/ Hijaiyyah sesuai dengan kaidah ilmu tajwid. Para siswa menjadi fasih dan lancar. Para siswa juga termotivasi untuk meningkatkan kembali kemampuan membaca Alquran. Pengetahuan  siswa juga meningkat dengan adanya tugas mencari beberapa contoh bacaan Alquran sesuai dengan indikator pembelajaran. This study aims to describe the Drill method through explicit instruction in improving the teaching and learning process of Religious Education subjects, especially in teaching aspects of the Koran. The learning strategy is carried out using peer tutors. This type of research is classroom action research with research subjects in class X.1 taught by Islamic Education teachers. The results showed that the drill / exercise method could improve students' ability to read the Koran. This can be seen from the narrative of the letters of the Koran / Hijaiyyah in accordance with the rules of recitation. The students became fluent and fluent. Students are also motivated to improve their ability to read the Koran. Students' knowledge also increases with the task of finding several examples of reading the Koran according to the learning indicators.
Association of vitamin D deficiency to the risk of preeclampsia in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aisha Mansoor Ali  , Munazzah Rafique  , Zarqa Saleem
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective: Vitamin D levels have shown significant geographical distribution, therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate its relationship to a specific geographic area with a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency to the important maternal manifestation of preeclampsia. This study established the association of vitamin D deficiency to preeclampsia among women of reproductive age.

Method: It is a retrospective case-control study done to measure serum vitamin D levels in pregnant women receiving care at the King Fahad Medical City Riyadh with preeclampsia (n=100) and normal pregnancy (controls, n=200) from 2012 to 2014. Odds of developing preeclampsia with vitamin D deficiency were calculated using logistic regression analysis.

Results: The mean serum vitamin D level was 25.35?ng/ml in controls and 15.95?ng/ml in pre-eclampsia women. Comparing to those who had a serum vitamin D level of ?50?ng/ml, the odds ratio of developing preeclampsia in women with vitamin D deficiency was 4.2 (95% CI=1.23-14.35) while adjusting for age, BMI and duration of pregnancy.

Conclusion: The risk of developing preeclampsia might increase by up to 4-fold in women with vitamin D deficiency. Since preeclampsia could lead to maternal and neonatal complications, vitamin D could be added during pregnancy to decrease these adverse consequences.

Keywords: Vitamin D deficiency; preeclampsia; BMI; hypertension.

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Association between handgrip strength and maximum expiratory flow with site-specific bone mineral density of healthy young adults
Authors: Rimsha Tahir  , Faateh Ahmad Rauf  , Shafaq Ismail  , Huma Saeed Khan  , Shahid Hasan
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective: To explore the association of handgrip strength and peak expiratory flow rate with site-specific bone mineral density T scores, and to study the correlation of body mass index and physical activity with the three parameters.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2018 at the Combined Military Hospital, Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised healthy young adults. Data was collected using the international physical activity questionnaire. The subjects were grouped into low, moderate and high categories. Handgrip strength, peak expiratory flow rate, bone mineral density T scores and body mass index were measured for each subject. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.

Results: Of the 102 subjects, 52(50.9%) were males and 50(49%) were females. There was a significant difference between the median values for all parameters of males and females (p<0.05). Bone mineral density and physical activity were moderately associated with handgrip strength and peak expiratory flow rate (p<0.05). Body mass index showed a moderate association with bone mineral density (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Healthy young adults with better respiratory function and handgrip strength were found to have higher values of site-specific calcaneal bone mineral density. Subjects with higher reported levels of physical activity and a higher body mass index within a healthy range presented with improved values of bone mineral density, handgrip strength and peak expiratory flow rate.

Key Words: Bone mineral density, Handgrip strength, Peak expiratory flow rate, Body mass index, Physical activity.

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Evaluation of the relationship between testosterone levels and burnout levels and job satisfaction in emergency department female employees; a prospective study
Authors: Atik Dilek , Basar Cander  , Bensu Bulut  , Hilmi Kaya  , Ramiz Yazici  , Ramazan Guven  , Cemal Kazezoglu
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of testosterone on the status of burnout and job satisfaction.

Methods: The prospective study was conducted at the Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, from April 1 to May 1, 2019, and comprised all female employees working in the emergency department. Data was collected using the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale. Blood samples 5 cc were taken to measure the testosterone hormone level. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.

Results: There were 95 females with a mean age of 33.6±7.1 years (range: 18-53 years). The level of exhaustion was high in 64(67.3%) subjects, intermediate in 20(21%) and low in 11(11.5%). the difference among the groups in relation to testosterone levels was significant (p<0.05). Though the difference in testosterone levels in the groups in terms of job satisfaction was also noted, it was not statistically significant (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Hormone levels released from endocrine systems were found to be affected by psychosocial factors.

Key Words: Testosterone, Burnout Syndrome, Job satisfaction.

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Spondylodiscitis presenting as pleural effusion in a geriatric female: a case report
Authors: Funda Secik Arkin  , Gulfidan Aras
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Pleural effusion is a frequently seen medical problem caused by pulmonary and non-pulmonary diseases. Spondylodiscitis is a very rare cause of pleural effusion and is typically diagnosed based on clinical, laboratory, microbiological and radiological findings. The low incidence and different clinical presentations of Spondylodiscitis make its diagnosis and treatment challenging. We present the case of a 78-year-old female who was initially admitted due to chest pain and, upon chest radiography, was found to have pleural effusion; and eventually diagnosed with spondylodiscitis.

Keywords: Spondylodiscitis, exudative pleural effusion, geriatrics, vertebra, infection.

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Die zahnärztliche Niederlassung
Authors: Klingenberger David
Published: October 2020

Die zahnärztliche Niederlassung Stand der Forschung zur Praxisgründung

Der vorliegende Band beleuchtet die Veränderungen der zahnärztlichen Existenzgründung in Deutschland aus ganz verschiedenen Blickwinkeln. Er wirft dabei nicht nur Schlaglichter auf den zahnärztlichen Unternehmer an sich, sondern auch auf die unterschiedlichen Formen der zahnärztlichen Praxis, das sogenannte Grün-dungsumfeld und die wirtschaftlichen Phasen, die mit einer Unternehmensgründung verbunden sind.

Die Erkenntnisse der vielfältigen Forschungsprojekte, die zum Thema Existenzgründung am IDZ in den ver-gangenen 30 Jahren aufgelegt wurden, fließen hier zu einem neuen Ganzen zusammen, um der nächsten Generation von Zahnärztinnen und Zahnärzten unbekannte Einblicke in diese Thematik, jenseits von Niederlassungsseminaren und Hochglanzbroschüren, zu bieten.
Notfallmedizin für Zahnärzte
Authors: Mathers Frank G.
Published: October 2020

Notfall in der Praxis - was tun?

Jeder Zahnarzt und jede ZFA wird irgendwann mit medizinischen Notfällen konfrontiert. Die zunehmende Anzahl von älteren, multimorbiden Patienten, die sich neben Routinebehandlungen auch aufwendigeren Eingriffen wie Implantaten u. ä. unterziehen, wird die Zahnarztpraxis immer häufiger vor notfallmedizinische Herausforderungen stellen.

Die Vorbereitung auf den Notfall, einschließlich der notwendigen Ausrüstung, wird genauso dargestellt wie Maßnahmen zur Prävention, um Notfallsituationen in der Zahnarztpraxis von vornherein zu verhindern. Von der einfachen initialen Diagnostik über die Alarmierung des Rettungsdienstes bis hin zur Patientenpositionierung und der Applikation von Medikamenten werden alle relevanten Notfälle in der Zahnmedizin besprochen.

Das vorliegende Lehrbuch gibt ihnen eine solide Grundlage und klare praktische Anweisungen, um im Stress einer Notfallsituation ruhig, angemessen und korrekt handeln zu können.

Mit Checklisten für eine zweckmäßige Notfallausrüstung

Kompetentes internationales Fachautorenteam

Umfassende Informationen zur Sedierung mit Lachgas, intravenöse Sedativa, Lokalanästhesie

Kinderbehandlung ist in einem eigenen Kapitel thematisiert

Unter Berücksichtigung der rechtlichen Aspekte

Im Notfall bestens gerüstet!
Aprendizaje de habilidades blandas: percepciones de los estudiantes del módulo metacognitivo de la universidad técnica nacional
Authors: Toruño Arguedas César
Published: October 2020

El artículo analiza la percepción de  la población estudiantil  de primer ingreso de la Universidad Técnica Nacional sobre el aprendizaje de habilidades blandas en el Módulo Metacognitivo del Ciclo Introductorio 2018. La implementación de este módulo, centrado en el desarrollo de habilidades blandas, es una experiencia única en el país y en la región latinoamericana, motivo por el cual resulta relevante determinar la percepción de los estudiantes sobre la experiencia de aprendizaje y el dominio de las habilidades blandas. El estudio tuvo un enfoque mixto, un alcance exploratorio y utilizó un cuestionario digital aplicado con un muestreo por conveniencia, esto último permitió, sobre una población total de 3 660 estudiantes, que se obtuviera una participación de 1 532 informantes en el cuestionario de implementación y 1 014 respuestas en el seguimiento. Los resultados evidencian que los estudiantes de primer ingreso de la UTN perciben positivamente la vivencia de aprendizaje del Módulo, mejoras en su dominio de competencias blandas y relevancia en su proceso de transición a la vida universitaria, asimismo se establecen posibilidades de mejora en los aprendizajes de competencias específicas y el proceso de transición a los cursos de carrera.
Recensión del libro Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation de Ken Banks
Authors: Sandoval Ramírez Carlos
Published: October 2020

Los problemas más desafiantes del mundo están siendo asumidos por personas motivadas por su pasión personal, informadas por la comprensión profunda de las realidades locales y moldeadas por su frustración por las soluciones estatales inadecuadas ante los problemas. La obra “Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation” (2016) de Ken Banks nos introduce al mundo del emprendimiento e innovación social desde una perspectiva vivencial, a través de casos reales de innovación que han transformado radical y exitosamente pueblos y sociedades.   Los casos que presenta dicha obra son de diversos temas, realidades y latitudes.
Hacia una odontología sostenible
Authors: Valenzuela Ramos Marisel Roxana , Dias Montero Pedro Miguel , Scipion Castro Rafael Douglas , Chumpitaz Durand Rubén , Revilla Villanueva César Manuel
Published: October 2020

El desarrollo sostenible como la capacidad de la sociedad para cubrir las necesidades básicas de las personas sin perjudicar, ocasionar daños al medio  mbiente, haciendo un uso responsable de los recursos naturales (Moran, 2020). La odontología juega un rol importante en el impacto ambiental, ya que existe una generación de residuos y el uso de material descartable, fluoruros y hasta hace poco el uso de amalgamas que contiene mercurio. Los cambios de  limáticos se hacen evidentes, las poblaciones mundiales en algunos casos se hacen consientes ecológicamente. Entonces el desarrollo sostenible no solo es aplicable a otros campos, sino también a la odontología. Es por ello, que la odontología Para colaborar con el medio ambiente es necesario que en la consulta se lleve a cabo algunos gestos de cambio. como la eliminación del plástico, el ahorro energético, la reducción del papel, la reducción de las emisiones de CO2 y bioseguridad.
Factores asociados a la resistencia bacteriana por uso de cefalosporinas en pacientes del hospital II EsSalud, Huancavelica
Authors: Muñoz De la Torre Rossibel Juana , Hinojo Véliz Dante Italo , Cárdenas Pineda Lina Yubana , Mendoza Vilcahuaman Jenny
Published: October 2020

La resistencia bacteriana por el uso de cefalosporinas está aumentando cada año y el objetivo de esta investigación ha sido determinar la relación que existe entre los factores asociados y la resistencia bacteriana por uso de cefalosporinas en pacientes del Hospital II EsSalud de Huancavelica. El tipo de investigación es observacional, transversal, con el nivel correlacional y diseño de investigación utilizado fue relacional. La población estuvo conformada por 209 pacientes que estuvieron hospitalizados de los cuales a través de las historias clínicas y sus antibiogramas que tuvieron como indicación médica la realización de urocultivo, del Hospital II EsSalud de Huancavelica durante el año 2017, siendo 127 casos de resistencia bacteriana y 82 sin ella. Los resultados indican que existe asociación significativa entre la resistencia bacteriana por uso de cefalosporinas y el tratamiento incompleto. Se concluye que la resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos se relaciona con el consumo de éstos ya que, la presión selectiva que ejercen, favorece la creación, adaptación y diseminación de mecanismos de resistencia a los antimicrobianos. Esto se refleja en una progresiva disminución de la sensibilidad de los microorganismos a los antimicrobianos utilizados habitualmente para el tratamiento de las infecciones.
Use of technical computing systems in the context of engineering problems
Authors: Llopis-Albert Carlos , Rubio Francisco , Valle-Falcones L.M. , Grima-Olmedo C.
Published: October 2020

This paper presents a teaching innovation project based on applying technical computing systems as a resource to improve learning in the classroom and as a way of evaluating transversal competences (TC). By these means, students analyze complex kinematic and dynamic mechanical systems in the context of the subject Dynamics of Mechanical Systems of the Master’s Degree in Mechatronics Engineering at Universitat Politècnica de València (Spain). We have observed that the use of such tools improves the students learning on the contents of the subject, allows to acquire the transversal competence related to the analysis and problem solving, and enhances the ability to understand concepts intuitively. Furthermore, results clearly show a positive influence on the use of such tools for improving the professional and ethical commitment to the issues raised.
A estética do sucesso vocal: discursos engendrados na construção de vozes de sucesso midiático
Authors: Soares Thiago Barbosa , Boucher Damião Francisco
Published: October 2020

Este estudo visa analisar como é produzido um tipo de estética vocal, a partir de uma performatividade acerca de dizeres sobre vozes de sucesso. Acreditamos que, por conta dos discursos veiculados sobre a materialização da voz que (re)produz sujeitos e sentidos do sucesso, exista também uma discursivização complexa da estética da recepção do sucesso. Para a observação de tanto, empregaremos o aparato teórico metodológico da Análise do Discurso francesa, especialmente norteado pela noção de pré-construído, de pressuposto e subentendido, de intra e interdiscurso, bem como de deslizamentos (efeitos) metafóricos. Assim, investigaremos os funcionamentos discursivos midiáticos que tornam possível afirmar que a recepção da voz, em boa medida, engendra uma estética vocal de sucesso e, consequentemente, dá suporte à manutenção dessa determinada escuta. Em específico, analisaremos matérias da revista Rolling Stone, “Quando Michael se Tornou Michael” (SHEFFIELD, 2010), “Amy Winehouse 1983-2011” (ELISCU, 2011), e “Voz Imortal” (CAVALCANTI, 2015), publicadas nos anos de 2010, 2011 e 2015 respectivamente.
Os (d)anos da colonização, as identidades pós-coloniais e a busca da guinendade em "A última tragédia de Abdulai Sila"
Authors: Alves Jonh Jefferson do Nascimento
Published: October 2020

O presente estudo versa sobre a narrativa da nação como representação coletiva tematizando a violência e o trauma contra o povo guineense. O texto permite o encontro entre discursos coloniais, preconceitos e efeitos traumáticos sobre a identidade africana, indagando o quanto os projetos e sonhos nacionalistas na Guiné-Bissau foram realmente alcançados e como o passado contribuiu para a instabilidade política e os falhanços econômicos vivenciados na contemporaneidade. Neste sentido, tomamos por corpus de análise a obra ficcional A Última Tragédia de Abdulai Sila (2002), voz de uma sociedade complexa e atual, cujos textos abordam especificamente a tentativa de constituir uma reflexão sobre a identidade nacional e a história dos guineenses em contextos pós-coloniais. A produção artística – aqui particularmente a literatura – surge como parte do processo de consolidação de identidades, por meio de seu caráter de representação. A Última Tragédia de Abdulai Sila (2002) parece buscar num passado ainda vivo e presente, as respostas que justifiquem a origem das adversidades comuns do país na atualidade.
Determinantes da evasão fiscal em instituições financeiras: evidências do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos
Authors: Santos Rogiene Batista dos , Rezende Amaury José
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo analisa os determinantes da evasão fiscal em instituições financeiras.  Foram analisadas, inicialmente, 131 instituições financeiras brasileiras e 2.886 instituições financeiras americanas do período de 2008 a 2017, perfazendo 28.590 observações. Foram calculadas as duas principais métricas de agressividade fiscal presentes na literatura nacional e internacional (Book-Tax Differences - BTD e Cash ETR). Utilizaram-se quatro estratégias econométricas: Método dos Mínimos Quadrados (MQO), Efeitos Fixos, Efeitos Aleatórios e Método Generalizado de Momentos Sistêmico (GMM-Sis). Foi constatado que para a amostra do Brasil, há algumas evidências de que intangíveis, tamanho e retorno sobre ativos (ROA) são alguns determinantes da evasão fiscal .  Para a amostra dos Estados Unidos verificou que há algumas evidências de que tamanho e débitos totais são alguns determinantesda evasão fiscal. Um determinante em comum nas duas amostras é o tamanho. Esse resultado está alinhado com a literatura que prevê que empresas maiores têm mais condições de praticar evasão fiscal. Este estudo contribui para maior compreensão das práticas de planejamento tributário realizadas pelas empresas financeiras.
Teoria da agência, problemas de monitoramento e moral tributária: efeitos na arrecadação de tributos em municípios
Authors: Azevedo Ricardo Rocha de , Silva José Marcos da , Chaves Sabrina De Oliveira
Published: October 2020

A pesquisa analisou o efeito do desalinhamento de agência na arrecadação de tributos. Para isso, a análise se concentrou na arrecadação do imposto sobre transmissão onerosa de bens imóveis intervivos (ITBI), sujeito à existência de problemas de agência entre o agente arrecadador (Cartórios) e o principal (Prefeituras). Considerando-se a total discricionariedade dos municípios na organização do tributo, o artigo apresenta que a falta de controle pode potencialmente estar acarretando perda de arrecadação pelos municípios, que além de estar associada a problemas de regulação, fiscalização e estrutura de arrecadação, pode estar sendo acentuada na presença de desalinhamento de agência. O trabalho foi realizado por meio da aplicação de um questionário coletado eletronicamente pela internet, com respondentes de Cartórios, comparados com dados da estrutura de arrecadação dos municípios e com os valores de arrecadação do período de 1998 a 2018. Os resultados apontam que o desalinhamento de agência combinado com menor percepção de controle pode levar a redução da arrecadação do IBTI.
Expectation gap: análise da percepção social quanto às responsabilidades do auditor independente
Authors: Souza Dyliane Mourí Silva de , Sousa Rossana Guerra de , Jácome Marilia Augusta Raulino
Published: October 2020

A pesquisa analisou a percepção da sociedade brasileira quanto às responsabilidades do auditor independente frente ao que está prescrito pelas normas reguladoras da profissão. A amostra foi formada por 370 participantes e a percepção social, mensurada pela escala Likert. As assertivas foram embasadas nas normas de responsabilidades dos auditores e alocadas nos construtos: fraude; não conformidade; comunicação e controle interno, depurados pela análise fatorial. O teste de Qui-Quadrado verificou a associação com as expectativas mais realistas e o teste Kruskal-Wallis identificou a significância das diferenças de médias dos grupos. Acerca da percepção social, o maior nível de conhecimento de auditoria e contabilidade, estão associadas as expectativas mais realistas quanto às responsabilidades do auditor. Os resultados ainda suscitam a necessidade de a sociedade conhecer as reais responsabilidades do auditor, contribuindo para redução do litígio entre esta e a auditoria, reforçando a importância da comunicação entre estes e os órgãos reguladores da auditoria.
Evaluating China's fossil-fuel CO2 emissions from a comprehensive dataset of nine inventories
Authors: Han Pengfei , Zeng Ning , Oda Tom , Lin Xiaohui , Crippa Monica , Guan Dabo , Janssens-Maenhout Greet , Ma Xiaolin , Liu Zhu , Shan Yuli , Tao Shu , Wang Haikun , Wang Rong , Wu Lin , Yun Xiao , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Fang , Zheng Bo
Published: October 2020

Abstract. China's fossil-fuel CO2 (FFCO2) emissions accounted for approximately 28 %
of the global total FFCO2 in 2016. An accurate estimate of China's FFCO2
emissions is a prerequisite for global and regional carbon budget analyses and the monitoring of
carbon emission reduction efforts. However, significant uncertainties and discrepancies exist in
estimations of China's FFCO2 emissions due to a lack of detailed traceable emission
factors (EFs) and multiple statistical data sources. Here, we evaluated China's FFCO2 emissions from nine published global and regional emission datasets. These datasets show that the
total emissions increased from 3.4 (3.0–3.7) in 2000 to 9.8 (9.2–10.4) Gt
CO2 yr−1 in 2016. The variations in these estimates were largely due to the
different EF (0.491–0.746 t C per t of coal) and activity data. The large-scale patterns
of gridded emissions showed a reasonable agreement, with high emissions being concentrated in major city clusters, and the standard deviation mostly ranged from 10 % to 40 % at the provincial level. However, patterns beyond the provincial scale varied significantly, with the top 5 % of
the grid level accounting for 50 %–90 % of total emissions in these datasets. Our findings highlight the significance of using locally measured EF for Chinese coal. To reduce
uncertainty, we recommend using physical CO2 measurements and use these values for
dataset validation, key input data sharing (e.g., point sources), and finer-resolution validations at various levels.
Craig–Gordon model validation using stable isotope ratios in water vapor over the Southern Ocean
Authors: Dar Shaakir Shabir , Ghosh Prosenjit , Swaraj Ankit , Kumar Anil
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of water vapor over a water body is governed by the isotopic composition of surface water and ambient vapor, exchange and mixing processes at the water–air interface, and the local meteorological conditions. These parameters form inputs to the Craig–Gordon models, used for predicting the isotopic composition of vapor produced from the surface water due to the evaporation process. In this study we present water vapor, surface water isotope ratios and meteorological parameters across latitudinal transects in the Southern Ocean (27.38–69.34 and 21.98–66.8∘ S) during two austral summers. The performance of Traditional Craig–Gordon (TCG) (Craig and Gordon, 1965) and the Unified Craig–Gordon (UCG) (Gonfiantini et al., 2018) models is evaluated to predict the isotopic composition of evaporated water vapor flux in the diverse oceanic settings. The models are run for the molecular diffusivity ratios suggested by Merlivat (1978), Cappa et al. (2003) and Pfahl and Wernli (2009), referred to as MJ, CD and PW, respectively, and different turbulent indices (x), i.e., fractional contribution of molecular vs. turbulent diffusion. It is found that the UCGx=0.8MJ, UCGx=0.6CD, TCGx=0.6MJ and TCGx=0.7CD models predicted the isotopic composition that best matches with the observations. The relative contribution from locally generated and advected moisture is calculated at the water vapor sampling points, along the latitudinal transects, assigning the representative end-member isotopic compositions, and by solving the two-component mixing model. The results suggest a varying contribution of the advected westerly component, with an increasing trend up to 65∘ S. Beyond 65∘ S, the proportion of Antarctic moisture was found to be prominent and increasing linearly towards the coast.
Long-term multi-source data analysis about the characteristics of aerosol optical properties and types over Australia
Authors: Yang Xingchuan , Zhao Chuanfeng , Yang Yikun
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The spatiotemporal distributions of aerosol optical properties and major aerosol types, along with the vertical distribution of major aerosol types over Australia, are investigated based on multi-year AERONET observations at nine sites, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2), Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), and back-trajectory analysis from the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT). The annual aerosol optical depth (AOD) at most sites showed increasing trends (0.002–0.028 yr−1) except for that at three sites of Canberra, Jabiru, and Lake Argyle, which showed decreasing trends (−0.004–−0.002 yr−1). In contrast, the annual Ångström exponent (AE) showed decreasing tendencies at most sites (−0.044–−0.005 yr−1). The results showed strong seasonal variations in AOD with high values in the austral spring and summer and relatively low values in the austral fall and winter, and weak seasonal variations in AE with the highest mean values in the austral spring at most sites. Spatially, the MODIS AOD showed obvious spatial heterogeneity with higher values appeared over the Australian tropical savanna regions, Lake Eyre Basin, and southeastern regions of Australia, while low values appeared over the arid regions in western Australia. Monthly averaged AOD increases from August to next austral spring peak (typically December–January), and decreases during the March–July. Classification of Australian aerosols revealed that the mixed type of aerosols (biomass burning and dust aerosol) are dominated in all seasons at nine sites, followed by biomass burning aerosol and dust aerosol. The MERRA-2 showed that carbonaceous over northern Australia, dust over central Australia, sulfate over densely populated northwestern and southeastern Australia, and sea salt over Australian coastal regions are the major types of atmospheric aerosols over Australia. The CALIPSO showed that polluted dust is the dominant aerosol type detected at heights 0.5–5 km during all seasons. Australian aerosol has similar source characteristics due to intercontinental transport of aerosols over Australia, especially for biomass burning and dust aerosols. However, the dust-prone characteristic of aerosol is more prominent over the central Australia, while the biomass burning-prone characteristic of aerosol is more prominent in northern Australia.
Asymmetries in the Earth's dayside magnetosheath: results from global hybrid-Vlasov simulations
Authors: Turc Lucile , Tarvus Vertti , Dimmock Andrew P. , Battarbee Markus , Ganse Urs , Johlander Andreas , Grandin Maxime , Pfau-Kempf Yann , Dubart Maxime , Palmroth Minna
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Bounded by the bow shock and the magnetopause, the magnetosheath forms
the interface between solar wind and magnetospheric plasmas and
regulates solar wind–magnetosphere coupling. Previous works have
revealed pronounced dawn–dusk asymmetries in the magnetosheath
properties. The dependence of these asymmetries on the upstream
parameters remains however largely unknown. One of the main sources of
these asymmetries is the bow shock configuration, which is typically
quasi-parallel on the dawn side and quasi-perpendicular on the dusk
side of the terrestrial magnetosheath because of the Parker spiral
orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) at Earth. Most
of these previous studies rely on collections of spacecraft
measurements associated with a wide range of upstream conditions which
are processed in order to obtain average values of the magnetosheath
parameters. In this work, we use a different approach and quantify the
magnetosheath asymmetries in global hybrid-Vlasov simulations
performed with the Vlasiator model. We concentrate on three
parameters: the magnetic field strength, the plasma density, and the
flow velocity. We find that the Vlasiator model reproduces
the polarity of the asymmetries accurately but that their level tends to be
higher than in spacecraft measurements, probably because the
magnetosheath parameters are obtained from a single set of upstream
conditions in the simulation, making the asymmetries more prominent. A
set of three runs with different upstream conditions allows us to
investigate for the first time how the asymmetries change when the
angle between the IMF and the Sun–Earth line is reduced and when the
Alfvén Mach number decreases. We find that a more radial IMF
results in a stronger magnetic field asymmetry and a larger
variability of the magnetosheath density. In contrast, a lower
Alfvén Mach number leads to a reduced magnetic field asymmetry and
a decrease in the variability of the magnetosheath density, the latter
likely due to weaker foreshock processes. Our results highlight the
strong impact of the quasi-parallel shock and its associated foreshock
on global magnetosheath properties, in particular on the magnetosheath
density, which is extremely sensitive to transient quasi-parallel
shock processes, even with the perfectly steady upstream conditions in
our simulations. This could explain the large variability of the
density asymmetry levels obtained from spacecraft measurements in
previous studies.
The effect of geographic sampling on evaluation of extreme precipitation in high-resolution climate models
Authors: Risser Mark D. , Wehner Michael F.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Traditional approaches for comparing global climate models and observational data products typically fail to account for the geographic location of the underlying weather station data. For modern global high-resolution models with a horizontal resolution of tens of kilometers, this is an oversight since there are likely grid cells where the physical output of a climate model is compared with a statistically interpolated quantity instead of actual measurements of the climate system. In this paper, we quantify the impact of geographic sampling on the relative performance of high-resolution climate model representations of precipitation extremes in boreal winter (December–January–February) over the contiguous United States (CONUS), comparing model output from five early submissions to the HighResMIP subproject of the CMIP6 experiment. We find that properly accounting for the geographic sampling of weather stations can significantly change the assessment of model performance. Across the models considered, failing to account for sampling impacts the different metrics (extreme bias, spatial pattern correlation, and spatial variability) in different ways (both increasing and decreasing). We argue that the geographic sampling of weather stations should be accounted for in order to yield a more straightforward and appropriate comparison between models and observational data sets, particularly for high-resolution models with a horizontal resolution of tens of kilometers. While we focus on the CONUS in this paper, our results have important implications for other global land regions where the sampling problem is more severe.
Investigating the impact of exit effects on solute transport in macropored porous media
Authors: Raimbault Jérôme , Peyneau Pierre-Emmanuel , Courtier-Murias Denis , Bigot Thomas , Gil Roca Jaime , Béchet Béatrice , Lassabatère Laurent
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The effect of macropore flow on solute transport has spurred much research over the last forty years. In this study, non-reactive solute transport in columns filled by macropored porous media was experimentally and numerically investigated, and the emphasis was put on the study of exit effects, whose very existence is inherent to the finite size of any experimental column. We specifically investigated the impact of the presence of a filter at the column outlet on water flow and solute transport in macropored systems. Experiments involving breakthrough measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that solute transport displayed some significant non-unidirectional features, with a strong mass exchange at the interface between the macropore and the matrix. Fluid dynamics and transport simulations indicated that this was due to the non-unidirectional nature of the flow field close to the outlet filter. The flow near the exit of the column was shown to be strongly impacted by the presence of the outlet filter, which acts as a barrier and redistributes water from the macropore to the matrix. This impact was apparent on the breakthrough curves and the MRI images. It was also confirmed by computer simulations and could, if not properly taken into account, impede the accurate inference of the transport properties of macropored porous media from breakthrough experiments.
Frazil ice growth and production during katabatic wind events in the Ross Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Thompson Lisa , Smith Madison , Thomson Jim , Stammerjohn Sharon , Ackley Steve , Loose Brice
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Katabatic winds in coastal polynyas expose the ocean to extreme heat loss, causing intense sea ice production and dense water formation around Antarctica throughout autumn and winter. The advancing sea ice pack, combined with high winds and low temperatures, has limited surface ocean
observations of polynyas in winter, thereby impeding new insights into the
evolution of these ice factories through the dark austral months. Here, we
describe oceanic observations during multiple katabatic wind events during
May 2017 in the Terra Nova Bay and Ross Sea polynyas. Wind speeds regularly
exceeded 20 m s−1, air temperatures were below −25 ∘C, and the oceanic mixed layer extended to 600 m. During these events, conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD)
profiles revealed bulges of warm, salty water directly beneath the ocean
surface and extending downwards tens of meters. These profiles reflect latent heat and salt release during unconsolidated frazil ice production, driven by atmospheric heat loss, a process that has rarely if ever been observed outside the laboratory. A simple salt budget suggests these anomalies reflect in situ frazil ice concentration that ranges from 13 to 266×10-3 kg m−3. Contemporaneous estimates of vertical mixing reveal rapid convection in these unstable density profiles and mixing lifetimes from 7 to 12 min. The individual estimates of ice production from the salt budget reveal the intensity of short-term ice production, up to 110 cm d−1 during the windiest events, and a seasonal average of 29 cm d−1. We further found that frazil ice production rates covary with wind speed and with location along the upstream–downstream length of the polynya. These measurements reveal that it is possible to indirectly observe and estimate the process of unconsolidated ice production in polynyas by measuring upper-ocean water column profiles. These vigorous ice production rates suggest frazil ice may be an important component in total polynya ice production.
Leveraging PhD Students to Support EdD Dissertation Writing
Authors: Capello Sarah
Published: October 2020

Doctoral faculty have long advocated for writing support for doctoral candidates during the dissertation stage. However, schools of education often fail to provide organizational supports to assist struggling dissertators. EdD students in CPED institutions may need additional supports due to shorter time-to-degree programs and full-time work commitments. This paper reports how one PhD student in a CPED institution acted as a dissertation consultant for 35 EdD dissertators and successfully guided them through their dissertations. The author examines how her background in composition, experiences in education research, and willingness to address socio-emotional needs contributed to this success and argues that PhD students with similar backgrounds can take up dissertation consulting work in schools of education as an organizational support for EdD dissertators. The mutual benefits of engaging in this work are discussed as is the potential for school-university partnerships stemming from PhD-EdD student collaboration during doctoral study.
Percepciones de la audiencia respecto del uso del melodrama en noticias por televisión: entre el entusiasmo y el desprecio
Authors: Mujica Constanza , Grassau Daniela , Bachmann Ingrid , Herrada Nadia , Flores Pablo M. , Puente Soledad
Published: October 2020

En los noticiarios de América Latina, es frecuente la utilización de recursos melodramáticos: focalización en historias personales, exacerbación de emociones, uso de figuras retóricas y recursos como primeros planos y música dramática, etc. Este fenómeno tiende a ser criticado por expertos, profesionales y miembros de la audiencia que asocian melodrama con sensacionalismo o con la cobertura de hechos de escasa relevancia. Este artículo presenta los resultados de dos investigaciones realizadas en Chile, las cuales, a partir de la aplicación de metodologías cualitativas (grupos focales, en el primer caso, y entrevistas en profundidad, en el segundo), tienen por objetivo explorar las percepciones que la audiencia tiene sobre el uso de recursos melodramáticos en los noticiarios de televisión abierta de Chile, cuáles son las características que valoran y las que rechazan de estos recursos, y distinguir si existen diferencias en tal percepción cuando se trata de la cobertura informativa de noticias de alta carga emocional como los desastres. Los resultados dan cuenta de percepciones mixtas, entre la crítica y el optimismo, pues los participantes de ambos estudios resaltan que, si bien les molesta el exceso de melodrama, su inclusión en los noticiarios incrementa la empatía y mueve a la acción. Durante la cobertura de desastres se advierte, además, que se produce una percepción diferenciada de las historias entre los afectados y no afectados por sus consecuencias.