bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TOXIC EFFECTS OF LEAD ON FISH AND HUMAN
Authors: Ishaque A , Ishaque S , Arif A , Abbas HG
Published: September 2021

Bioaccumulation is a characteristic aspect in toxicity caused by Pb exposure. Toxic effects are induced in fish due to Pb exposure effecting its biochemical and physiological functions. Exposure pathway (dietary and waterborne), environmental factors (salt-water or fresh water) and Pb binding capacity with protein, SH and sulfur group decide accumulation pattern of Pb exposure. Activation of antioxidant responses like TBARS, GSH, GST, CAT and SOD occurs in fish for its protection in response to the oxidative stresses induced in fish due to Pb accumulation. Disruption of neurotransmitter function also occurs due to Pb accumulation which causes neurotoxicity in fish. Pb interaction also disturbs immune system responses. In fish, various systems are affected due to Pb toxic exposure which can be used as an indicator of toxicity in aquatic environment.
GENETIC EVALUATION FOR MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM GROWN UNDER SALT STRESS
Authors: Aftab A , Haider MA , Ali Q , Malik A
Published: September 2021

The Coriandrum is most important among the herb which is used as an ingredient in daily human food. It contains a good amount of antioxidants and health improving ingredients that save human body cells from diseases. It is very sensitive for abiotic environmental stress conditions involving drought, heat, and salt stress as important stress conditions. For this purpose, a study was planned to conduct in the greenhouse of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore to determine the effects of salt stress on Coriandrum seedling growth. For our study we have selected four Coriandrum varieties viz., GAMZE, EAGLE, SUPER XO, and PAK-ORG. The results revealed that there were significant differences among the treatments of NaCl concentrations, Coriandrum genotypes, and the interactions among the Coriandrum genotypes and salt concentrations applied. The average Coriandrum seedling length was recorded as 23.021±1.2026cm while root length was recorded as 22.0128±1.0027cm. The genotype GAMZE showed higher root and shoot length which indicated that GAMZE was a higher salt-tolerant genotype and may be used as a salt-tolerant genotype to improve yield per plant in Coriandrum. The genotype EAGLE has shown poor performance for all of the studied traits which indicated that it was a salt-sensitive Coriandrum genotype. The genetic advance and heritability were found higher for all of the studied traits. The significant correlation between shoot length and root length indicated that the genotypes grow longer roots under stress conditions to increase the shoot length of plants while survive under stressful environmental conditions. The selection of Coriandrum genotype on the basis of root length and shoot length may be useful to improve slat stress tolerance in Coriandrum genotypes for higher seed and green plant biomass yield.
AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION OF COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.) USING DMO GENE FOR ENHANCED TOLERANCE AGAINST DICAMBA PESTICIDE
Authors: Javied MA , Ashfaq N , Haider MA , Fatima F , Ali Q , Ali A , Malik A
Published: September 2021

The agrobacterium based transformation of herbicide-resistant crops has modernized weed management in crops by producing cost-effective and ecosystem friendly transgenic plants. Cotton is one of the major crops which are grown worldwide due to its great economic value in textile industries.  Dicamba is a commonly used herbicide in broadleaf plants to kill a wide range of weeds in many dicotyledonous crop fields since the 20th century. In this study, Eagle 2 cotton variety was transformed with the DMO gene which is responsible for the synthesis of the Dicamba monooxygenase enzyme that exhibits tolerance against the Dicamba herbicide. This entire study was conducted at Four Brothers Genetics Lab, Lahore. Transformed cultures of Agrobacterium Tumefaciens with the DMO gene were acquired. Cotton embryos were isolated and co-cultivated with transformed Agrobacterium cultures under sterile conditions. Transformed embryos were grown on an artificial growth medium and acclimatized under favorable conditions. Healthy and stable plants were shifted infield where they were grown into a mature plant. Leaf samples of these plants were collected and DNA was successfully isolated by the CTAB method. Transformed plants were confirmed by Polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis. Variations in different traits among transformed cotton plants were found which indicated that the transgenic plant 4 showed higher plant height, monopodial and sympodial branches, leaf length, leaf width, number of bolls, and bolls weight. The better performance of plant 4 indicated that the yield potential of the transgenic plant was improved as compared with other transgenic cotton plants.
STATURE PREDICTION OF PUNJAB POPULATION (PAKISTAN) FROM HAND, FOREARM AND FOOT MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Asghar MJ , Butt M , Akbar A , Azam H , Zahra I , Waseem MS , Malik A
Published: September 2021

Anthropometry is a systematic study of body measurements in man. Forensic anthropologist tries best to answer the questions relating to age, origin, height, gender, and race after examination of the body remains. The biological profile of a person such as age, sex, ethnicity, and stature can be determined with the help of anthropometry. Results of the study revealed the normal distribution of data and with tests, statistics are found to be significant at p≤0.05 level of significance for all parameters employed in this study. Males have consistently larger values as compared to the female's forearm length, hand length right/left, hand width right/left, foot length right/ left and foot width right/left. Therefore, it is concluded that there is a significant difference between males' and female's character measurements including hand, forearm, and foot.
LANTANA CAMARA: A POTENT INFLUENTIAL FACTOR IN IMPROVING THE GASTRIC MUCOSA OF WISTAR RATS RAVAGED BY ULCER
Authors: EDEM GABRIEL D. , OKON KINGSLEY A. , ESSIEN SARAH I. , BASSEY ENO-OBONG I.
Published: September 2021

Over the years, traditional medicine has been used to treat various degrees and forms of ailment with significant positive therapeutic outcomes. We designed this research to ascertain the use of Lantana camara as a potent factor in improving gastric ulcer caused by the administration of aspirin in Wistar rats. 250mg/kg of the extract was used to evaluate the anti-ulcer capacity of the plant extract. The omeprazole was used as a standard drug (20mg/kg). It was found that the Gastric mucosa was significantly improved after the administration of 250mg/kg of the extract after aspirin-induced ulcer.  The present study justifies the traditional usage of this plant to treat the gastric ulcer.
ROLE OF CRISPR TO IMPROVE ABIOTIC STRESS TOLERANCE IN CROP PLANTS
Authors: Farooq MU , Bashir MF , Khan MUS , Iqbal B , Ali Q
Published: September 2021

The study for genetic variation in plant genomes for a variety of crops, as well as developments of genome editing techniques, have made it possible to cultivate for about any desired trait. Zinc finger enzymes; have made strides in genome-editing. Molecular biologists can now more specifically target every gene using transcription activator-like effector nucleases and ZFNs. These methods, on the other hand, are expensive and time-consuming because they involve complex procedures. Referring to various genome editing techniques, CRISPR/Cas9 genetic modification is simple to construct and clone and the Cas9 could be used with different guide RNAs controlling different genes. Following solid evidence demonstrations using the main CRISPR-Cas9 unit in field crops, multiple updated Cas9 cassettes are often used in plant species to improve target precision and reduce off target cleavage. Nmcas9, Sacas9, as well as Stcas9 are a few examples. Furthermore, Cas9 enzymes are readily available from a variety of sources. Bacteria that had never been discovered before has found solutions available to improve specificity and efficacy of gene editing techniques. The choices are summarized in this analysis to plant's experiment to develop crops using CRISPR/Cas9 technology; the tolerance of biotic & abiotic stress may be improved. These strategies will lead to the growth of non-genetically engineered crops with the target phenotype, which will further improve yield capacity under biotic & abiotic stress environments.
GENETIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MUTATIONS OF MOLECULAR MECHANISM AND DRUG RESISTANCE IN MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Arif F , Tahir T , Suhail S , Anees R , Nadeem I , Hafeez MM
Published: September 2021

Mycobacterium tuberculosis shows drug resistance patterns (drug-resistance tuberculosis DR-TB) for strains that are induced with high mortality rates. Because this acid-fast bacterium resists extensively against drugs and masks their effects to control the disease. However, these chromosomal mutations and genetic factors lead towards recent anti-TB drug discoveries. Anti-TB regimens are dearth to control this pandemic problem due to the high prevalence of this disease. These situations are remarkably given new ray to discover newer drugs that target such bacilli strains genetic factors and mutations. Also, it provides molecular updates to the resistance mechanism of mutations and genetic factors as a basic target then screened-out recent new anti-TB agents to limit the MDR-TB.
Studi Koordinasi Pengaman Motor Arus Bolak-Balik
Authors: Novalianda Sari , Rezkika Sri Indah , Susilawati Susilawati , Adrian Wahyu
Published: September 2021

Sejalan dengan perkembangan teknologi dalam bidang sistem tenaga listrik dan penggunaan mesin mesin listrik sebagai penggerak industri. Motor arus bolak balik (AC) berperan penting dalam dunia industri sebagian besar penggerak yang terdapat didalam pabrik menggunakan motor – motor listrik tersebut, baik dengan supply tiga fasa maupun satu fasa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan mengenai studi koordinasi pengaman motor arus bolak balik maka diperoleh setting rele untuk beban lebih sebesar 0.08 dari arus nominal dan setting waktu 20 detik, setting rele untuk arus lebih sebesar 0.58 dari arus nominal dan setting waktu 0.1 detik, setting rele untuk tegangan lebih sebesar 0.7 dari tegangan nominal, setting arus untuk rele gangguan tanah 5A sampai 20A dengan setting waktu 1 time dial, setting rele panas lebih untuk CB pada suhu 171.95 oC dan setting sinyal alarm 162.9 oC. Untuk menjaga kehandalan dari sistem pengaman maka perlu digunakan rating dan setting arus serta waktu yang tepat pada rele pengaman. Hal ini perlu diperhatikan karena jika menggunakan setting yang keliru akan mengakibatkan arus gangguan yang besar timbul melewati motor dimana akan mengakibatkan kerusakan motor.
A New Algorithm for Classifying Acetabular Fracture Patterns on Three-dimensional Computed Tomography Reconstructions Markedly Improves Residents' Ability to Correctly Classify Fractures
Authors: Shaath M. Kareem , Avilucea Frank R. , Lim Philip K. , “Chip” Routt Milton L.
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

CT and three-dimensional (3D) CT reconstructions have been shown to improve the understanding of acetabular fractures. With the increased availability of 3D pelvic CT reconstructions, our goal for this study was to develop an algorithm to aid residents in the classification of acetabular fractures. We hypothesized that the use of a stepwise algorithm will markedly enhance the trainees' ability to correctly identify acetabular fracture patterns.

Methods:

This was a multicenter study that included 33 residents. Residents reviewed 15 sets of 3D reconstructions of the 10 acetabular fracture patterns. Residents completed the first round, and the results were collected electronically. Three weeks later, they were asked to classify the fractures a second time with the use of the algorithm. The number of correct responses from the two sessions was analyzed to determine if the algorithm improved residents' ability to correctly classify fracture patterns.

Results:

Thirty-three residents classified 15 fractures which yielded 495 unique responses. Residents correctly classified 52.5% (260/495) of fractures without the algorithm, which significantly increased to 77.5% (384/495) (P = 0.001) with the algorithm. When stratified by year in residency, all residents were able to correctly classify markedly more fractures with the algorithm.

Discussion:

Overall, we believe this method is a reproducible diagnostic tool that will assist residents in classifying acetabular fractures. We were able to demonstrate that with the use of this algorithm, residents' ability to correctly classify acetabular fractures is markedly enhanced, regardless of year in training. This algorithm will be a useful adjunct to assist and advance trainees' education and understanding of a complex topic.
Defining the Learning Curve of Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty After Fellowship-specific Training
Authors: Burnham Robert R. , Kiernan Hayley , Ortega Liam F. , Wesolowski Michael , Tauchen Alexander , Russo Matthew , Gerscovich Daniel , Brown Nicholas M.
Published: September 2021

Purpose:

To investigate the learning curve associated with performing direct anterior total hip arthroplasty (THA) immediately after fellowship training in this approach.

Methods:

This was a multicenter, retrospective study that collected data on all direct anterior THAs performed by four fellowship-trained arthroplasty surgeons in their first year of practice. Demographic data, surgical time, blood loss, surgical complications, and medical complications were recorded. Regression models were created to evaluate the outcomes of interest. A generalized linear mixed model was used to estimate the effect of the number of THA procedures performed, a proxy for surgical experience with this procedure, on the variables of interest.

Results:

A total of 286 patients undergoing direct anterior THA were included in this study. A decrease in surgical complications after approximately 40 cases and a decrease in medical complications at 25 to 50 cases were observed. Both surgical time and blood loss showed no learning curve.

Conclusion:

Extensive training with a direct anterior approach during fellowship minimizes the learning curve for blood loss and surgical time, but it continues to exist regarding perioperative surgical and medical complications. Recent fellowship graduates should be cautious and expect a learning curve of around 40 cases before complication rates begin to normalize.
Prevalence of Individual Differences in Tibial Torsion: A CT-Based Study
Authors: Volkmar Alexander J. , Stinner Daniel J. , Pennings Jacquelyn , Mitchell Philip M.
Published: September 2021

Objectives:

To measure baseline bilateral tibial torsion in a cohort of uninjured patients to assess for a difference in torsion between sides.

Methods:

Consecutive bilateral lower extremity CT angiography scans from 229 patients without tibial or fibular pathology were collected and reviewed. Torsion of each tibia was measured by two independent reviewers, and individual differences in torsion were calculated.

Results:

On average, patients have a 6.0° difference in tibial torsion between sides. A difference of greater than 10° was present in 18% of patients. Across the cohort of patients, the right tibia was on average 4.4° more externally rotated than the left. In patients with a greater than 5° difference, the right tibia was more externally rotated than the left in 85% of cases. Tibial torsion did not correlate with age or sex.

Discussion:

Differences in tibial torsion are common and should be considered during intramedullary nailing of tibial fractures. When a difference in torsion is present, external torsion of the right tibia when compared with the left occurs predominantly.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic level IV
Movement Is Life—Optimizing Patient Access to Total Joint Arthroplasty: Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wiznia Daniel H. , Jimenez Ramon , Harrington Melvyn
Published: September 2021

This is one of a series of articles that focuses on maximizing access to total joint arthroplasty by providing preoperative optimization pathways to all patients to promote the best results and minimize postoperative complications. Because of inequities in health care, an optimization process that is not equipped to support the underserved can potentially worsen disparities in the utilization of arthroplasty. A staggering 10.5% of the American population lives with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes prevalence is 17% higher in rural communities compared with urban communities. Rates of diabetes are higher in African American, Hispanic, and American Indian populations. Barriers to health care are higher in rural areas and for vulnerable communities, positioning the management of diabetes at the intersection of risk. Poor glycemic control is a predictor of periprosthetic joint infection. Optimization tools include assessing for food security, knowledge of a social safety net and community resources, patient diabetic literacy, and relationships with primary care providers to ensure continuous check-ins as well as partnering with specialty endocrine diabetic clinics. Several strategic recommendations, such as healthcare navigators and promotores (Latinx population), are made to enable and empower, such as continuous glucose monitoring, the preoperative patient to reach a safe preoperative optimization goal for their TJA surgery.
Do Preoperative Nasal Antiseptic Swabs Reduce the Rate of Surgical Site Infections After Adult Thoracolumbar Spine Surgery?
Authors: Buyuk Abdul Fettah , Tam Harrison K. , Dawson John M. , Mehbod Amir A. , Transfeldt Ensor E. , Alcala Christopher
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

Surgical site infection (SSI) remains a major complication after adult spinal surgery. We investigated whether adding preoperative nasal decontamination by antiseptic swab (skin and nasal antiseptic povidone-iodine, SNA-PI) to our antimicrobial protocol reduces the SSI rate among our patients undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed all adult thoracolumbar spinal surgeries performed between June 2015 and May 2017 at a single hospital. Patients were divided into those who received nasal decontamination (SNA-PI+) and those who did not (SNA-PI−). SSI rates and responsible pathogens were compared between the cohorts.

Results:

A total of 1,555 surgeries with nasal decontamination (SNA-PI+) and 1,423 surgeries without (SNA-PI−) were included. The SSI rate in the SNA-PI+ group was 13 of 1,555 (0.8%) versus 10 of 1,423 (0.7%) for SNA-PI− group (P = 0.68). The infection rate was the highest among posterior instrumented fusions in the SNA-PI+ group (1.4%). Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus was responsible for 70% of infections in the SNA-PI− group and 38% in the SNA-PI+ group (P = 0.13).

Conclusions:

Routine nasal antiseptic swab before spine surgery did not affect the overall rate of SSI in thoracolumbar spinal surgeries. The incidence of methicillin-sensitive S aureus was lower in patients who received nasal decontamination (5/1,555, 0.3%) compared with those who did not (7/1,423, 0.5%); however, this result was not statistically significant (P = 0.57).
Comparative Floral Morphology and Anatomy of Gagea s. str. and Lloydia
Authors: Novikov Andriy
Published: September 2021

Flowers of the five species from the four sections of the genusGagea(that is,G. lutea,G. pusilla,G. reticulata,G. fragifera, andG. serotina(syn.Lloydia serotina) were investigated by light microscopy. All investigated species had similar flower organization, vertical zonality of the gynoecium, and floral vascularization. In all species, the flowers were trimerous, with the superior ovary and short complete or semicomplete syntepalous zone at the base. The presence of the syntepalous zone allows consideration of such flowers as an intermediate between hypogynous and perigynous.

All investigated species had nectaries at the base of the tepals. However, inGageas. str., they were represented by relatively small nectariferous areas of the tepals located at the beginning of the synascidiate zone of the gynoecium. In contrast, the nectaries inG. serotinawere represented by elongated tepalar outgrowths located higher, at the level of the fertile symplicate zone of the gynoecium. Considering reports on the potential peltate origin of the nectaries inG. serotina, it is probably incorrect to interpret them as homologous to the nectaries inGageas. str.

The gynoecium in the studied species demonstrated identical vertical zonality with synascidiate, symplicate, and asymptomatic zones, and corresponded to type C of the syncarpous gynoecium. At the base of the ovary, three carpels were congenitally isolated (primary synascidiate zone); however, they were isolated only postgenitally (secondary synascidiate zone). This secondary synascidiate zone originated from a symplicate zone due to the fusion of the carpelar margins. Although it looks like a synascidiate zone, for correct interpretation of the gynoecium’s vertical structure, it should be considered symplicate.

The vascularization of the flower in all investigated species was similar, with the participation of lateral vascular bundles in the supply of placentas.
Principal components of innovation performance in European Union countries
Authors: Kleszcz Agnieszka
Published: September 2021

Innovation is one of the main determinants of economic development. Innovative activity is very complex, thus difficult to measure. The complexity of the phenomenon poses a great challenge for researchers to understand its determinants. The article focuses on the problem of innovation-related geographical disparities among European Union countries. Moreover, it analyses the principal components of innovation determined on the basis of the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS) dimensions. The aim of the paper is to identify the principal components of the innovation index which differentiate countries by analysing the structure of the correlation between its components. All calculations were based on indicators included in the EIS 2020 Database, containing data from the years 2012–2019. A comparative analysis of the studied countries’ innovation performance was carried out, based on the principal component analysis (PCA) method, with the purpose of finding the uncorrelated principal components of innovation which differentiate the studied countries. The results were achieved by reducing a 10-dimensional data set to a 2-dimensional one, for a simpler interpretation. The first principal component (PC1) consisted of the human resources, attractive research systems, and finance and support dimensions (understood as academia and finance). The second principal component (PC2), involving the employment impacts and linkages dimensions, was interpreted as business-related. PC1 and PC2 jointly explained 68% of the observed variance, and similar results were obtained for the 27 detailed indicators outlined in the EIS. We can therefore assume that we have an accurate representation of the information contained in the EIS data, which allows for an alternative assessment and ranking of innovation performance. The proposed simplified index, described in a 2-dimensional space, based on PC1 and PC2, makes it possible to group countries in a new way, according to their level of innovation, which offers a wide range of application, e.g. PC1 captures geographic disparities in innovation corresponding to the division between the old and new EU member states.
A COVID-19 em mapas temáticos
Authors: Batista Natália Lampert , Rizzatti Maurício , Spode Pedro Leonardo Cezar , Verneque Dayane Oliveira , Siqueira João Victor Bergamo de , Severo Maurício Vielmo
Published: September 2021

A Geografia da Saúde exerce um papel relevante no entendimento das diferentes enfermidades que podem ocorrer em um determinado território. Com essa compreensão, potencializa-se a promoção de estratégias para enfrentar a doença, como também meios para promover a saúde e a qualidade de vida da população. A produção cartográfica e a interpretação desses resultados podem subsidiar a efetivação de ferramentas que auxiliem a saúde e se tornar uma ferramenta muito importante nas discussões da Geografia. Nesse sentido, buscou-se entender a espacialização dos óbitos na cidade de Santa Maria, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), entre 14 de maio de 2020 e 16 de junho de 2021. Para isso, utilizaram-se dados da Vigilância Epidemiológica do município, obtidos pelo projeto “omitido para avaliação”, do Observatório de Informações em Saúde da Universidade omitido para avaliação, com Certificado de Apresentação de Apreciação Ética (CAAE), emitido pelo Conselho Nacional de Saúde (CONEP), sob o número omitido para avaliação.  Portanto, conclui-se que a análise dos processos espaciais de distribuição da COVID-19, em escala intraurbana, é fundamental para a compreensão da pandemia, demostrando a importância da Geografia na gestão e planejamento territorial. O trabalho realizado por meio de mapas, análises e notas técnicas, atualmente, torna-se um importante repositório para a compreensão geográfica da doença e para o enfrentamento de outras possíveis infecções que venham afetar a cidade no futuro.
Sensoriamento remoto na análise de variáveis ambientais influenciadas pela implantação da usina hidrelétrica de Belo Monte (PA)
Authors: Monteiro Neto Albertino , Batista Lucas Mota , Sousa Marina Costa de , Freitas Kemuel Maciel , Araújo Suzana Romeiro
Published: September 2021

A Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte (UHBM) favoreceu o crescimento urbano na região em seu entorno, gerando impactos ambientais de uso e ocupação do solo e microclima. Para melhor compreensão destes impactos, o uso de geotecnologias tem auxiliado no monitoramento de determinadas variáveis ambientais, como a Temperatura de Superfície Terrestre (TST) e índices espectrais, tais como o Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) e Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), adotadas neste estudo. Foram utilizadas imagens dos satélites LANDSAT 5 e LANDSAT 8, referentes aos anos de 2011 e 2020, para aferição da TST, NDVI e NDBI. Os resultados indicaram que após a consolidação do empreendimento, uma área de 96 km² passou a ser alagada e 203 km² de área vegetada foi convertida em ambiente construído. Houve aumento da TST no período analisado, com uma diferença de mais de 8º C entre as máximas, chegando a 34 ºC. Ademais, os valores dos índices espectrais foram submetidos à análise estatística, através de correlação linear de Pearson, em comparação com a variável de temperatura. Estatisticamente observaram-se relações de influência negativa (-0,48) entre as variáveis TST e NDVI, e positiva (0,69) entre TST e NDBI. De modo geral, a construção da UHBM gerou mudanças expressivas no espaço, com significativa alteração do microclima. A perda de parte da área vegetada e conversão em ambiente construído/alagado está relacionada com o aumento da TST.
The Effect of Decomposed Microstructure on Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
Authors: Nursyifaulkhair Desrilia , Park Nokeun , Baek Eung Ryul
Published: September 2021

This study investigated the effect of microstructural decomposition on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V by directed energy deposition. The formation of α’ martensite and α massive phase (αm) was observed in the deposited layers. The α’ and αm in the lastly deposited layer appeared as a needle-shaped and a sub-lamellar structure, respectively. However, the morphology of α’ and αm was decomposed in the lower layers due to the intrinsic heat treatment. Moreover, The heat conduction rate calculation showed that the lower powder feed rate generates more heat conduction. Therefore, the microstructure was further decomposed for the specimen with a lower powder feed rate. These phenomena consequently affected the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
TRACES OF HIGH SEISMIC ACTIVITY IN THE UPPERMOST SEDIMENTS OF LAKE BAIKAL, SIBERIA
Authors: Vologina E. G. , Sturm M. , Radziminovich Ya. B.
Published: September 2021

Sedimentation in Lake Baikal is significantly affected by continuous seismic activity in the Baikal Rift Zone. Our study shows that historical earthquakes, as well as recent seismic events, considerably influenced sedimentation in this deep tectonic basin. Here we present some of the results of extensive international research activities during the period of 1996–2019. To identify traces of seismic events in the uppermost sediments (<1.5 m), short cores were recovered from many coring stations throughout the entire lake. Based on lithological descriptions, measurements of magnetic susceptibility, and concentration of inorganic and organic components, we identified earthquake indicators in the sediment cores. Impacts of historical earthquakes were traced within South Baikal (near the Sharyzhalgai Station and the Station 106-km of the Circum-Baikal railway, hereafter CBR) and Proval Bay (near the Selenga River delta).
A Forum on Creolizing Social and Political Theory
Authors: Gordon Lewis R. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

The author discusses Jane Anna Gordon’s proposal, in the 2006 international meeting of the Caribbean Philosophical Association, of creolizing theory. He summarizes the research it generated, including Gordon’s monograph on creolizing political theory, and the set of articles in this forum on creolizing social and political identities and theory.
Movimentos na construção do direito à Educação Infantil: histórico e atualidade
Authors: Flores Maria Luiza Rodrigues
Published: September 2021

Este artigo teve como objetivo investigar movimentos havidos no campo das políticas públicas de Educação Infantil, sistematizando as marcas da construção desse direito no plano de seu ordenamento legal recentemente instituído e analisando tais ações desde uma perspectiva crítico-reflexiva. Para tanto, este procedeu um resgate tendo histórico de fatos e legislações considerados em seus respectivos contextos sociohistóricos, abordando a constituição da criança como sujeito de direitos; a trajetória da história recente de conquista do direito à Educação Infantil; e algumas perspectivas atuais para a efetivação de uma educação infantil de qualidade social. Este trabalho evidenciou que a conquista de vários direitos foi obtida a partir de importante mobilização dos movimentos sociais nesse processo, especialmente do Movimento Interfóruns de Educação Infantil do Brasil (MIEIB) e que, nos próximos anos, devido às novas legislações da área, haverá necessidade de continuidade da mobilização popular, fato que historicamente tem sido uma marca nas lutas em defesa da Educação Infantil.Palavras-chave: Educação Infantil. Políticas públicas. Movimento Interfóruns de Educação Infantil do Brasil (MIEIB).
A impostura do mestre
Authors: Homrich Marcele Teixeira
Published: September 2021

Resenha
Políticas e práticas curriculares, diversidade e violências nas Escolas
Authors: Eyng Ana Maria
Published: September 2021

O estudo objetiva instigar o diálogo sobre as relações entre currículo escolar, diversidade e violência nas escolas, tendo como referência as questões conceituais analisadas nos textos de Arroyo (2007), McLaren (2008), Silva (2007), Castels (2008), Apple e Buras (2001), Candau (2005, 2008), Hall (2005), Moreira (2002), Ball (2001) e Bordieu (1996), além dos documentos legais que definem as atuais políticas educacionais. As tensões que circulam e atravessam o contexto escolar, o jogo de forças, interesses e a diversidade contribuem para a configuração do fenômeno das violências nas escolas. Nesse contexto, marcado pelas desigualdades e exclusão constituem-se como fundamentais a formulação, a implementação e avaliação de políticas e práticas curriculares que efetivem o diálogo em face das tensões e conflitos produzidos pelas abordagens monoculturais, etnocêntricas e hegemônicas. Palavras-chave: Políticas curriculares; Diversidade; Violências nas escolas.
Repensando as conexões entre a formação na universidade e as experiências de campo na formação de professores em faculdades e universidades
Authors: Zeichner Ken
Published: September 2021

Neste artigo, discuto um dos problemas centrais que tem afligido, já há alguns anos, os cursos de formação inicial de professores nas faculdades e nas universidades, a desconexão entre os componentes curriculares acadêmicos e a parcela da formação docente que acontece nas escolas. Primeiro, extrairei de minha experiência como formador de professores e administrador durante mais de trinta anos na Universidade de Wisconsin – Madison e da literatura, elementos para discorrer sobre as várias dimensões dessa questão. Assim, usando o conceito de hibridismo e “terceiro espaço”, discutirei vários trabalhos, em andamento em programas formativos nos Estados Unidos, promissores quanto à qualificação da aprendizagem docente nos cursos de formação de professores das universidades e das faculdades, assim como a habilidade dos graduados dos cursos de formação de professores para realizar práticas de ensino desejadas em espaços escolares complexos. Esse trabalho de criação de espaços híbridos na formação de professores no qual o conhecimento empírico e acadêmico e o conhecimento que existe nas comunidades estão juntos de modos menos hierárquicos a serviço da aprendizagem docente representam uma mudança de paradigma na epistemologia dos programas de formação de professores. Discuto que essa mudança rumo a modos mais democráticos e inclusivos de trabalhar com escolas e comunidades é necessária para as faculdades e as universidades, a fim de que elas possam cumprir sua missão na formação de professores. Palavras-chave: Formação de professores; Universidade-escola; Programas formativos.
Meninos versus meninas: representações de gênero em desenhos animados e seriados televisivos sob olhares infantis
Authors: Esperança Joice Araújo , Dias Cleuza Sobral
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta reflexões suscitadas por uma experiência investigativa acerca do consumo televisivo na infância. O referido estudo buscou conhecer as interações que as crianças estabelecem com as produções televisivas, identificando as aprendizagens construídas pelos telespectadores infantis ao se apropriarem de suas mensagens e conteúdos. Participaram da pesquisa 24 crianças, estudantes de uma escola da rede pública de ensino do município de Rio Grande. Sob a orientação dos pressupostos da abordagem qualitativa, foram realizadas observações, entrevista coletiva e organizadas situações de reflexão, debate e produção na sala de aula, focalizando o desenho animado Três Espiãs Demais e o seriado Power Rangers Força Animal, o que permitiu conhecer as interpretações do grupo a respeito dos seus enredos e personagens. Ao longo deste texto, em específico, problematiza-se o gênero como categoria de análise, evidenciando que as produções televisivas direcionadas às crianças constroem representações marcadas por oposições e dualismos, ensinando modos de ser menina e menino pautados em significados culturais hegemônicos. Palavras-chave: Produções televisivas; Crianças; Representações de gênero.
A implementação da meta 19 do Plano Nacional de Educação 2014-2024: a experiência de Londrina-Pr
Authors: Aguiar Viviane Barbosa Perez , Ruiz Maria José Ferreira
Published: September 2021

O presente texto discute a experiência vivenciada pelo município de Londrina – PR, quanto à implementação da meta 19 do Plano Nacional de Educação (2014-2024). O objetivo geral é discutir os retrocessos da meta 19 do PNE, ao associar a gestão democrática aos critérios técnicos de mérito e desempenho, como forma de acesso à função de dirigente escolar. Pretende, especificamente, (i) demonstrar como este critério foi interpretado e implementado no Município de Londrina e (ii) analisar a implementação do processo de escolha de dirigentes escolares, neste município, com base no determinado pela Lei 13.005/2014. O estudo pautou-se no desenvolvimento de pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental. Conclui que cabe aos municípios e estados, no cumprimento do dispositivo legal, encontrar caminhos para que a democracia ultrapasse a dimensão procedimentalista apresentada pelo PNE, e encontre força para se fortalecer, enquanto princípio constitucional da escola pública, sob a forma de participação e exercício da cidadania.
A arte da desaparição como experimentação tateante de pensamento: contribuições à pesquisa educacional
Authors: Vinci Christian Fernando Ribeiro Guimarães , Ribeiro Cintya Regina
Published: September 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo discutir as implicações da forma ensaística de pensamento para o campo da pesquisa educacional. A partir da triangulação de forças entre o pensamento de Michel de Montaigne, Enrique Vila Matas e Gilles Deleuze-Félix Guattari, o estudo explora de que modo, na aurora da subjetividade moderna, certa arte do retrato, produzida a partir da forma ensaística desenvolvida por Montaigne, permitiu a emergência de um modo de experimentação tateante do pensamento, cujo horizonte se volta a uma condição de desaparição. O trabalho visa esmiuçar essa distinta arte do retrato dedicada à desaparição, focando-se em sua potência fabulatória, bem como explorar suas ressonâncias nos modos como concebemos o ofício do pesquisador, sobretudo no campo educacional, em contraposição a outra arte de retrato denominada de cartesiana. Por fim, a discussão aponta que a desaparição, ao instaurar outra geografia de pensamento, possibilita ao pesquisador educacional mobilizar procedimentos outros tendo em vista ensaiar o impensável.
Juventude e educação: a militarização das escolas em Goiás
Authors: Sofiati Flávio Munhoz , Barbosa Caio Henrique Salgado
Published: September 2021

O artigo analisa as consequências do processo de implementação dos Colégios da Polícia Militar do Estado de Goiás, Brasil, a partir dos conceitos de controle do corpo e de instituições totais, mostrando como esse modelo autoritário está intimamente ligado à política de restrição da liberdade de expressão da comunidade escolar. O texto analisa os argumentos dos agentes públicos para a vertiginosa expansão desse modelo educacional e faz uma leitura crítica das regras de conduta aplicadas às unidades educacionais militarizadas no Estado. Constata-se que as normas aplicadas à comunidade escolar nestas unidades – como, por exemplo, a presença cotidiana de uma sequência de atividades garantidas por mecanismos de punição estabelecidos por uma hierarquia e o conjunto de regras que padronizam o visual dos estudantes e causam a perda de identidade – permitem controle rígido das ações de docentes e discentes, regrada a partir da tutela de oficiais designados pelo comando-geral da Polícia Militar, limitando inclusive a liberdade de expressão, considerado como preceito fundamental para uma educação cidadã.
Encontros e desencontros entre professores e o ensino remoto emergencial
Authors: Thiengo Lara Carlette , Diogo Maria Fernanda , Bianchetti Lucídio , Alves Kaue Tortato , Assis Neiva De
Published: September 2021

Em meados de março de 2020 ocorreu a suspensão das atividades educacionais presenciais nas redes de ensino pública e privada, em decorrência do afastamento social provocado pela pandemia de Covid-19, motivo pelo qual as instituições educacionais tornaram-se adeptas do ensino remoto emergencial (ERE).  Considerando este cenário, ainda em movimento, este texto busca: 1) apresentar trabalhos desenvolvidos por pesquisadores de diferentes países neste curto espaço de tempo, no intuito de entender o que representou a suspensão das atividades escolares presenciais e a continuidade do calendário via ERE; e 2) apresentar dados de pesquisa de campo desenvolvida com professores da Educação Básica e Superior, na qual participaram 321 docentes de 14 Estados brasileiros. Por meio da aplicação de questionários digitais investigou-se, junto a esses professores, suas experiências, desafios, sentimentos, reflexões e como se objetivava a docência em formato remoto. Evidenciaram-se depoimentos de descontentamento e impotência frente às condições atuais do trabalho docente, grande angústia relacionada à aprendizagem dos estudantes e, também, relatos de esforços individuais e coletivos em prol de ações pedagógicas que desenvolvam o ERE do melhor modo possível.
The clinical significance of circulating miR-21, miR-142, miR-143, and miR-146a in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Bolayırlı Ibrahim , Önal Bülent , Adıgüzel Mutlu , Konukoğlu Dildar , Demirdağ Çetin , Kurtuluş Eda , Türegün Fethi , Uzun Hafize
Published: September 2021

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common type of solid tissue cancer among men in western countries. In this study, we determined the levels of circulating miR-21, miR-142, miR-143, miR-146a, and RNU 44 levels as controls for early diagnosis of PCa. Methods: The circulating miRNA levels in peripheral blood samples from 43 localized PCa patients, 12 metastatic PCa (MET) patients, and a control group of, 42 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients with a total of 97 volunteers were determined the by PCR method. Results: No differences in the DCT values were found among the groups. In PCa and PCaMet groups the expression of miR21 and miR142 were higher compared to the BHP group. No other differences were observed among the other groups. miR21 expression in the PCa group was 6.29 folds upregulated whereas in the PCaMet group 10.84 folds up-regulated. When the total expression of miR142 is evaluated, it showed a positive correlation with mir21 and mir 146 (both p<0.001). Also, the expression of miR146 shows a positive correlation with both miR21 and miR143 (both p<0.001). Expression of miRNAs was found to be an independent diagnostic factor in patients with Gleason score, PSA, and free PSA levels. Conclusions: Our study showed that co-expression of miR21, miR-142, miR-143, and miR-146a and the upregulation of miR-21 resulted in increased prostate carcinoma cell growth. In the PCaMet group, miR21 is the most upregulated of all miRNAs. These markers may provide a novel diagnostic tool to help diagnose PCa with aggressive behavior.
School knowledge and hidden curriculum: A sociological perspective
Authors: Štrangarić Snežana
Published: September 2021

The most important sociological approaches in the area of studying curriculum are presented in this paper. Our focus is specifically on a critical approach, where curriculum is observed as means of reproduction of social inequalities. Also, for deeper understanding of those social phenomena, the necessity of connecting sociology of knowledge and sociology of education is implied. We argue that the concept of hidden curriculum is a relevant and adequate frame for examining the process of transferring knowledge in school system, while reflexivity towards social hierarchies and hegemonic aspects is an important step in policymaking.
Traditional folk dances in the teaching of music culture for younger school age
Authors: Milošević Jovana
Published: September 2021

Traditional folk dances within the subject Music Culture find their application within the teaching area of the subject Performing Music. As teaching content of the subject, they contribute to the preservation of folk tradition and the positive attitude of students towards this area of our people's culture. By choosing teaching methods and approaches, traditional folk dances are also an educational tool for younger students. The paper also gives musical examples of traditional folk dances on the way they are performed. The purpose of this paper is to point out the importance and application of traditional folk dances in teaching Music Culture. The aim of the research is to examine different aspects of teachers' opinions on the application of traditional folk dances within Music Culture. The obtained results indicate positive attitudes of teachers when it comes to the application of traditional folk dances, as well as moderately positive when it comes to importance of traditional folk dances application
Real time it-monitoring of wastewater quality in the prevention of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tasić Vukašin , Tasić Irena , Tasić Srđan , Nikšić Miomir
Published: September 2021

New measures are being taken in the EU member states for flexible and scalable solutions in monitoring wastewater quality. The latest scientific studies have further confirmed the presence of SARS-CoV2 virus in wastewater. This virus was also detected in stool samples of patients with COVID-19 symptoms, but also in asymptomatic cases of the disease, which confirms the possibility of faecal-oral transmission. The aim of this paper is to introduce automated real-time online monitoring in the wastewater treatment plant "Ekogramont" with the possibility of using this monitoring in the prevention of the COVID-19 pandemic. The plant is located at 1080 m above sea level and was built in the period from 1998 to 1999 for the needs of the company for bottling spring water "Vlasinska ROSA", which is now owned by the company "Coca Cola" HBC. The proposed SCADA system collects the data from the sensors located in the sewage water and delivers the obtained results to the computers in the central station. The suitability of such automated monitoring comes to the fore in extreme weather conditions which prevail in this high mountain area, when for the purposes of standard analysis, wastewater sampling is disabled. The system also contains the so-called "contamination" alarm which is activated by every parameter which exceeds the set critical limit. The standard RT-PCR protocols WHO and FDA are used to detect SARS-CoV2. The detection of the viral genome in sewage, prior to the exponential phase of the epidemic, is a valuable indicator of the imminent danger of an outbreak. In this filed, modification of legal regulations in Serbia would enable the formation of a network for automated real-time monitoring of water quality control, with continuous measurement systems that would deliver the measurement results via SCADA systems to the competent institutions.
Effects of pretreatment and drying temperature on antioxidants and antinutrients of Justicia insularis and Jatropha tanjorensis leaves
Authors: Akpan Mfrekemfon , Assian Ubong , Ikrang Elijah
Published: September 2021

Antioxidants and antinutrient contents of leafy vegetables may be influenced by post-harvest processing. The present study was carried out to assess the effect of pretreatments (P) and drying temperatures (T) on antioxidants and antinutrients of Justicia insularis and Jatropha tanjorensis leaves. Four groups of samples were prepared, namely: fresh sample (FR), UN-blanched and dried sample (UB), sample blanched in hot water and dried (BHW) and sample blanched in salt water and dried (BSW). Drying was conducted at 40 0C, 50 0C and 60 0C using hot air oven. Antioxidants and antinutrients of the samples were determined. The data collected were subjected to a two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) as well as Dunnett t-test at 5% probability level. Based on the results, BHW between 500 C and 600 C increased the antioxidant activity in both vegetables. BHW 60 0C was able to reduce oxalate and phytate contents to reasonable level while BSW50 0C drastically decreased hydrogen cyanide and tannin contents. However, the overall, individualistic, and interactive effects of P and T had significant ( < 0.05) influence on majority of antioxidant activity and antinutrient contents in both vegetables.