bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal coupling of RMS errors in laser amplification
Authors: Jo Hanjin , Lee Geonhui , Park Daewoong , Hwang Seungjin , Hong Kyung Hee , Yu Tae Jun
Published: December 2022

We developed a theoretical model for the relationship between the input and amplified laser beams of energy stability and spatial uniformity in the amplification process. 10 Hz, 8 ns, 1064 nm Nd:YAG Q-switched resonator with Nd:YAG main amplifier was employed for the experiment. The theoretical model simulation and Frantz-Nodvik simulation were performed by utilizing the obtained beam image, acquired energy from the experiment, and stored fluence from the gain medium. The result indicated that the fluctuation of the spatial distribution in a single beam influences the stability of temporally distributed energy during the amplification process of the laser beam, thereby improving energy stability.
Hollow-core fiber with stable propagation delay between −150°C and +60°C
Authors: Feng Zitong , Sakr Hesham , Hayes John R. , Fokoua Eric Numkam , Ding Meng , Poletti Francesco , Richardson David J. , Slavík Radan
Published: December 2022

Optical fibers with a low thermal coefficient of delay (TCD) have been developed for frequency and timing transmission/distribution. However, their temperature sensitivity changes as a function of temperature and, to date, no study of such fibers has demonstrated improved performance over extended temperature ranges, especially at sub-zero temperatures. Here, we show that a hollow core fiber (HCF) with a thin acrylate coating can have a TCD within ±2.0 ps/km/°C over a broad temperature range from −150°C to +60°C. In addition, this thinly coated HCF can be fully insensitive to temperature around −134°C, making it of interest, e.g., for laser stabilization close to cryogenic temperatures.
Monocular depth estimation network with single-pixel depth guidance
Authors: Lee Hongjae , Park Jinbum , Jeong Wooseok , Jung Seung-Won
Published: December 2022

Due to the scale ambiguity problem, the performance of monocular depth estimation (MDE) is inherently restricted. Multi-camera systems, especially those equipped with active depth cameras, have addressed this problem at the expense of increased hardware costs and space. In this Letter, we adopt a similar but cost-effective solution using only single-pixel depth guidance with a single-photon avalanche diode. To this end, we design a single-pixel guidance module (SPGM) that combines the global information from the single-pixel depth guidance with the spatial information from the image at the feature level. By integrating SPGMs into an MDE network, we introduce PhoMoNet, the first, to the best of our knowledge, end-to-end MDE network with single-pixel depth guidance. Experimental results show the effectiveness and superiority of PhoMoNet over state-of-the-art MDE networks on synthetic and real-world datasets.
Ultralow birefringent glass waveguide fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing
Authors: Wang Ying-De , Li Ze-Zheng , Li Yi-Chun , Duan Yan-Zhao , Wang Li-Cheng , Yu Yan-Hao , Chen Qi-Dai
Published: December 2022

Optical waveguides prepared by femtosecond laser direct writing have birefringent properties, which can affect polarization encoding and entanglement on chips. Here, we first propose a shape–stress dual compensation fabrication scheme to decrease birefringence. Ultralow birefringent waveguides (1 × 10−9) were obtained by controlling the cross sectional shape of the main waveguide and adjusting the position of the auxiliary lines. In addition, we prepared polarization-independent directional coupler and demonstrated the evolution of polarization-independent waveguide array with different polarized light. In the future, ultralow birefringent waveguides will be widely applied in polarization encoding and entangled quantum photonic integrated circuits.
Is the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by macrophages associated with better infectious control in female mice with experimentally disseminated and pulmonary mucormycosis?
Authors: Santos Amanda Ribeiro dos , Fraga-Silva Thais Fernanda , Almeida-Donanzam Débora de Fátima , Finatto Angela Carolina , Marchetti Camila , Andrade Maria Izilda , Arruda Olavo Speranza de , Arruda Maria Sueli Parreira de , Venturini James
Published: December 2022

Different levels of resistance againstRhizopus oryzaeinfection have been observed between inbred (BALB/c) and outbred (Swiss) mice and are associated with the genetic background of each mouse strain. Considering that macrophages play an important role in host resistance toRhizopusspecies, we used different infectious outcomes observed in experimental mucormycosis to identify the most efficient macrophage response pattern againstR.oryzae in vitroandin vivo. For this, we compared BALB/c and Swiss macrophage activity before and after intravenous or intratrachealR.oryzaeinfections. The production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) was determined in cultures of peritoneal (PMΦ) or alveolar macrophages (AMΦ) challenged with heat-killed spores ofR.oryzae. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured to confirm our findings. Naïve PMΦ from female BALB/c mice showed increased production of H2O2, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the presence of heat-killed spores ofR.oryzae. Naïve PMΦ from female Swiss mice were less responsive. Naïve AMΦ from the two strains of female mice were less reactive to heat-killed spores ofR.oryzaethan PMΦ. After 30 days ofR.oryzaeintravenous infection, lower fungal load in spleen from BALB/c mice was accompanied by higher production of H2O2by PMΦ compared with Swiss mice. In contrast, AMΦ from BALB/c mice showed higher production of NO, TNF-α, and IL-10 after 7 days of intratracheal infection. The collective findings reveal that, independent of the female mouse strain, PMΦ is more reactive againstR.oryzaeupon first contact than AMΦ. In addition, increased PMΦ production of H2O2at the end of disseminated infection is accompanied by better fungal clearance in resistant (BALB/c) mice. Our findings further the understanding of the parasite–host relationship in mucormycosis.
An amino-terminal fragment of apolipoprotein E4 leads to behavioral deficits, increased PHF-1 immunoreactivity, and mortality in zebrafish
Authors: McCarthy Madyson M. , Hardy Makenna J. , Leising Saylor E. , LaFollette Alex M. , Stewart Erica S. , Cogan Amelia S. , Sanghal Tanya , Matteo Katie , Reeck Jonathon C. , Oxford Julia T. , Rohn Troy T.
Published: December 2022

Although the increased risk of developing sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) associated with the inheritance of the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele is well characterized, the molecular underpinnings of how ApoE4 imparts risk remains unknown. Enhanced proteolysis of the ApoE4 protein with a toxic-gain of function has been suggested and a 17 kDa amino-terminal ApoE4 fragment (nApoE41-151) has been identified in post-mortem human AD frontal cortex sections. Recently, we demonstrated in vitro, exogenous treatment of nApoE41-151 in BV2 microglial cells leads to uptake, trafficking to the nucleus and increased expression of genes associated with cell toxicity and inflammation. In the present study, we extend these findings to zebrafish (Danio rerio), an in vivo model system to assess the toxicity of nApoE41-151. Exogenous treatment of nApoE41-151 to 24-hour post-fertilization for 24 hours resulted in significant mortality. In addition, developmental abnormalities were observed following treatment with nApoE41-151 including improper folding of the hindbrain, delay in ear development, deformed yolk sac, enlarged cardiac cavity, and significantly lower heart rates. A similar nApoE31-151 fragment that differs by a single amino acid change (C>R) at position 112 had no effects on these parameters under identical treatment conditions. Decreased presence of pigmentation was noted for both nApoE31-151- and nApoE41-151-treated larvae compared with controls. Behaviorally, touch-evoked responses to stimulus were negatively impacted by treatment with nApoE41-151 but did not reach statistical significance. Additionally, triple-labeling confocal microscopy not only confirmed the nuclear localization of the nApoE41-151 fragment within neuronal populations following exogenous treatment, but also identified the presence of tau pathology, one of the hallmark features of AD. Collectively, these in vivo data demonstrating toxicity as well as sublethal effects on organ and tissue development support a novel pathophysiological function of this AD associated-risk factor.
Molecular and morphological survey of Lamiaceae species in converted landscapes in Sumatra
Authors: Halmschlag Caitriona Brady , Carneiro de Melo Moura Carina , Brambach Fabian , Siregar Iskandar Z. , Gailing Oliver
Published: December 2022

Molecular biodiversity surveys have been increasingly applied in hyperdiverse tropical regions as an efficient tool for rapid species assessment of partially undiscovered fauna and flora. This is done by overcoming shortfalls in knowledge or availability of reproductive structures during the sampling period, which often represents a bottleneck for accurate specimens’ identification. DNA sequencing technology is intensifying species discovery, and in combination with morphological identification, has been filling gaps in taxonomic knowledge and facilitating species inventories of tropical ecosystems. This study aimed to apply morphological taxonomy and DNA barcoding to assess the occurrence of Lamiaceae species in converted land-use systems (old-growth forest, jungle rubber, rubber, and oil palm) in Sumatra, Indonesia. In this species inventory, we detected 89 specimens of Lamiaceae from 18 species distributed in seven subfamilies from the Lamiaceae group. One third of the species identified in this study lacked sequences in the reference database for at least one of the markers used (matK, rbcL, and ITS). The three loci species-tree recovered a total of 12 out of the 18 species as monophyletic lineages and can be employed as a suitable approach for molecular species assignment in Lamiaceae. However, for taxa with a low level of interspecific genetic distance in the barcode regions used in this study, such as Vitex gamosepala Griff. and V. vestita Wall. ex Walp., or Callicarpa pentandra Roxb. and C. candidans (Burm.f.) Hochr., the use of traditional taxonomy remains indispensable. A change in species composition and decline in abundance is associated with an increase in land-use intensification at the family level (i.e., Lamiaceae), and this tendency might be constant across other plant families. For this reason, the maintenance of forest genetic resources needs to be considered for sustainable agricultural production, especially in hyperdiverse tropical regions. Additionally, with this change in species composition, accurate species identification throughout molecular assignments will become more important for conservation planning.
Etiology, characteristics and occurrence of heart diseases in rural Lesotho (ECHO-Lesotho): A retrospective echocardiography cohort study
Authors: Ndongala Nzola John , Maepa Callixtina , Nyondo Emmanuel , Amstutz Alain , du Reau de la Gaignonnière Baptiste
Published: December 2022

Background

In 2019, 600’000 people in Africa died of heart failure and heart diseases will increase on the continent. It is crucial to understand the regional etiologies and risk factors for heart failure and underlying heart diseases. However, echocardiography data from rural Africa are scarce and from Lesotho non-existent. This study aims to examine the occurrence, characteristics and etiology of heart failure and heart diseases using echocardiography data from a referral hospital in rural Lesotho.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study at Seboche Mission Hospital, the only referral hospital in Butha-Buthe district (Lesotho) with an echocardiography department. We included data from all individuals referred to the department between January 2020 and May 2021. From non-hospitalized patients echocardiographic diagnosis, sex and age were available, from hospitalized patients additional sociodemographic and clinical data could be extracted.

Results

In the study period, a total of 352 echocardiograms were conducted; 213 had abnormal findings (among them 3 children). The majority of adult participants (130/210; 64%) were female and most frequent heart diseases were hypertensive (62/210, 30%), valvular (39/210, 19%) and chronic pulmonary (37/210, 18%). Heart failure represented 11% of hospitalizations in the same period. Among the 126 hospitalized heart failure patients, the most common etiology was chronic pulmonary heart disease (32/126; 25%). Former mine workers and people with a history of tuberculosis were more likely to have a chronic pulmonary heart disease.

Conclusions

The leading cause of heart disease in this setting is hypertension. However, in contrast to other African epidemiological studies, chronic pulmonary heart disease is unexpectedly common. There is an urgent need to improve awareness and knowledge about lung diseases, make diagnostic and therapeutic options available and increase prevention.
Patterns of care and outcomes in immigrants with non-small cell lung cancer. A population-based study (Sweden)
Authors: Willén Linda , Berglund Anders , Bergström Stefan , Isaksson Johan , Bergqvist Michael , Wagenius Gunnar , Lambe Mats
Published: December 2022

Objectives

While studies have found lower cancer risks and better cancer survival in immigrant populations, it is debated whether cancer care is offered on equal terms to all residents regardless of background. Our aim was to study patterns of care and outcomes in immigrants in a country with a tax-financed universal health care system.

Material and methods

We used a population-based database to compare clinical presentation, management and mortality between Swedish-born and immigrant patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders.

Results

We identified 40,075 patients diagnosed with NSCLC of which 84% were born in Sweden, 7% in Nordic and 9% in Non-Nordic countries. Non-Nordic immigrants were to a higher extent male, smokers, younger at diagnosis, had a better performance status and a higher educational level. No differences were seen regarding comorbidity burden or stage at diagnosis. Non-Nordic immigrants more often underwent positron emission tomography (PET) (aHR 1.32; 95% CI 1.19–1.45) and were more often discussed in a multidisciplinary team setting (aHR 1.30; 95% CI 1.17–1.44). There were no differences in treatment modalities following adjustment for age, with the exception of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in stage IIIA disease which was more common in Non-Nordic immigrants (aOR 1.34; 95% CI 1.03–1.74). Both overall and cause specific survival in non-metastatic disease were higher among Non-Nordic immigrants. Overall mortality in stage I-II: HR 0.81; 95% CI 0.73–0.90 and stage IIIA: HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.65–0.86. Following full adjustments, cause-specific mortality in stage I-II was aHR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75–0.98.

Conclusion

Taken together, only minor differences in management and outcomes were observed between Swedish-born and immigrant patients. We conclude that lung cancer care is offered on equal terms. If anything, outcomes were better in Non-Nordic immigrants with early stage NSCLC.
Transporting observational study results to a target population of interest using inverse odds of participation weighting
Authors: Ling Albee Y. , Jreich Rana , Montez-Rath Maria E. , Meng Zhaoling , Kapphahn Kris , Chandross Karen J. , Desai Manisha
Published: December 2022

Inverse odds of participation weighting (IOPW) has been proposed totransportclinical trial findings to target populations of interest when the distribution of treatment effect modifiers differs between trial and target populations. We set out to apply IOPW totransportresults from an observational study to a target population of interest. We demonstrated the feasibility of this idea with a real-world example using a nationwide electronic health record derived de-identified database from Flatiron Health. First, we conducted an observational study that carefully adjusted for confounding to estimate the treatment effect of fulvestrant plus palbociclib relative to letrozole plus palbociclib as a second-line therapy among estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer patients. Second, wetransportedthese findings to the broader cohort of patients who were eligible for a first-line therapy. The interpretation of the findings and validity of such studies, however, rely on the extent that causal inference assumptions are met.
Internal and external microbiota of home-caught Anopheles coluzzii (Diptera: Culicidae) from Côte d’Ivoire, Africa: Mosquitoes are filthy
Authors: Chen Kaiying , Ponnusamy Loganathan , Mouhamadou Chouaïbou S. , Fodjo Behi Kouadio , Sadia Gba Christabelle , Affoue France Paraudie Kouadio , Deguenon Jean M. , Roe R. Michael
Published: December 2022

Over the past 10 years, studies using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing have shown that mosquitoes harbor diverse bacterial communities in their digestive system. However, no previous research has examined the total bacteria community inside versus outside of mosquitoes and whether bacteria found on the outside could represent a potential health threat through mechanical transfer. We examined the bacterial community of the external surface and internal body of female Anopheles coluzzii adults collected from homes in Côte d’Ivoire, Africa, by Illumina sequencing of the V3 to V4 region of 16S rRNA gene. Anopheles coluzzii is in the Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) species complex and important in the transmission of malaria. The total 16S rRNA reads were assigned to 34 phyla, 73 orders, 325 families, and 700 genera. At the genus level, the most abundant genera inside and outside combined were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Enterobacter, Corynebacterium, Kocuria, Providencia, and Sphingomonas. Mosquitoes had a greater diversity of bacterial taxa internally compared to the outside. The internal bacterial communities were similar between homes, while the external body samples were significantly different between homes. The bacteria on the external body were associated with plants, human and animal skin, and human and animal infections. Internally, Rickettsia bellii and Rickettsia typhi were found, potentially of importance, since this genus is associated with human diseases. Based on these findings, further research is warranted to assess the potential mechanical transmission of bacteria by mosquitoes moving into homes and the importance of the internal mosquito microbiota in human health.
Honey bee flights near hover under ethanol-exposure show changes in body and wing kinematics
Authors: Ahmed Ishriak , Abramson Charles I. , Faruque Imraan A.
Published: December 2022

Flying social insects can provide model systems for in-flight interactions in computationally-constrained aerial robot swarms. The social interactions in flying insects may be chemically modulated and quantified via recent measurement advancements able to simultaneously make precise measurements of insect wing and body motions. This paper presents the first in-flight quantitative measurements of ethanol-exposed honey bee body and wing kinematics in archival literature. Four high-speed cameras (9000 frames/sec) were used to record the wing and body motions of flying insects (Apis mellifera) and automated analysis was used to extract 9000 frame/sec measurements of honey bees’ wing and body motions through data association, hull reconstruction, and segmentation. The kinematic changes induced by exposure to incremental ethanol concentrations from 0% to 5% were studied using statistical analysis tools. Analysis considered trial-wise mean and maximum values and gross wingstroke parameters, and tested deviations for statistical significance using Welch’s t-test and Cohen’s d test. The results indicate a decrease in maximal heading and pitch rates of the body, and that roll rate is affected at high concentrations (5%). The wingstroke effects include a stroke frequency decrease and stroke amplitude increase for 2.5% or greater concentrations, gradual stroke inclination angle increase up to 2.5% concentration, and a more planar wingstroke with increasing concentration according to bulk wingstroke analysis. These ethanol-exposure effects provide a basis to separate ethanol exposure and neighbor effects in chemically mediated interaction studies.
Changes in the number of traffic collisions during the various waves of COVID-19 infection in Japan
Authors: Shimada Ryo , Kibayashi Kazuhiko
Published: December 2022

An analysis of the national traffic collision trends in Japan for the January 2018 to June 2022 period using existing statistical data indicates that the number of traffic incidents, injuries, and fatalities decreased over time. After the outbreak of COVID-19 in December 2019, traffic volume decreased. In this study, to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic correlates with traffic collisions, we used the Spearman rank correlation of non-parametric statistical test to compare the number of COVID-19 infections with the number of traffic collisions. The number of COVID-19 infections showed a significant inverse correlation with the number of traffic collisions nationwide, in some regions, and in some prefectures. When the number of COVID-19 infections increased, a State of Emergency or Semi-Emergency Spread Prevention Measures were repeatedly declared. We submit that these measures along with the restrictions on the population’s autonomy and movement to prevent the spread of infection, reduces the number of traffic incidents, injuries, and fatalities owing to a decrease in traffic volume. Therefore, these lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic advocate that regulation of vehicle traffic volume is an effective means of reducing the occurrence of traffic collisions. These results can be applied to future policy development to support road safety improvements during unique events.
Inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/X-box protein 1 pathway expression is impaired in pediatric cholestatic liver disease explants
Authors: Kriegermeier Alyssa , Hyon Angela , LeCuyer Brian , Hubchak Susan , Liu Xiaoying , Green Richard M.
Published: December 2022

Background

Increased intrahepatic bile acids cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated to maintain homeostasis. UPR dysregulation, including the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/X-box protein 1 (IRE1α/XBP1) pathway, is associated with adult liver diseases but has not been characterized in pediatric liver diseases. We evaluated hepatic UPR expression in pediatric cholestatic liver disease (CLD) explants and hypothesize that an inability to appropriately activate the hepatic IRE1α/XBP1 pathway is associated with the pathogenesis of CLD.

Methods

We evaluated 34 human liver explants, including: pediatric CLD (Alagille, ALGS, and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, PFIC), pediatric non-cholestatic liver disease controls (autoimmune hepatitis, AIH), adult CLD, and normal controls. We performed RNA-seq, quantitative PCR, and western blotting to measure expression differences of the hepatic UPR and other signaling pathways.

Results

Pathway analysis demonstrated that the KEGG ‘protein processing in ER’ pathway was downregulated in pediatric CLD compared to normal controls. Pediatric CLD had decreased hepatic IRE1α/XBP1 pathway gene expression and decreased protein expression of phosphorylated IRE1α compared to normal controls. IRE1α/XBP1 pathway gene expression was also decreased in pediatric CLD compared to AIH disease controls.

Conclusions

Pediatric CLD explants have decreased expression of the protective IRE1α/XBP1 pathway and down-regulated KEGG protein processing in the ER pathways. IRE1α/XBP1 pathway expression differences occur when compared to both normal and non-cholestatic disease controls. Attenuated expression of the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway is associated with cholestatic diseases and may be a target for future therapeutics.
Efficient production of protein complexes in mammalian cells using a poxvirus vector
Authors: Drillien Robert , Pradeau-Aubreton Karine , Batisse Julien , Mezher Joëlle , Schenckbecher Emma , Marguin Justine , Ennifar Eric , Ruff Marc
Published: December 2022

The production of full length, biologically active proteins in mammalian cells is critical for a wide variety of purposes ranging from structural studies to preparation of subunit vaccines. Prior research has shown that Modified vaccinia virus Ankara encoding the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase (MVA-T7) is particularly suitable for high level expression of proteins upon infection of mammalian cells. The expression system is safe for users and 10–50 mg of full length, biologically active proteins may be obtained in their native state, from a few litres of infected cell cultures. Here we report further improvements which allow an increase in the ease and speed of recombinant virus isolation, the scale-up of protein production and the simultaneous synthesis of several polypeptides belonging to a protein complex using a single virus vector. Isolation of MVA-T7 viruses encoding foreign proteins was simplified by combining positive selection for virus recombinants and negative selection against parental virus, a process which eliminated the need for tedious plaque purification. Scale-up of protein production was achieved by infecting a BHK 21 suspension cell line and inducing protein expression with previously infected cells instead of virus, thus saving time and effort in handling virus stocks. Protein complexes were produced from infected cells by concatenating the Tobacco Etch Virus (TEV) N1A protease sequence with each of the genes of the complex into a single ORF, each gene being separated from the other by twin TEV protease cleavage sites. We report the application of these methods to the production of a complex formed on the one hand between the HIV-1 integrase and its cell partner LEDGF and on the other between the HIV-1 VIF protein and its cell partners APOBEC3G, CBFβ, Elo B and Elo C. The strategies developed in this study should be valuable for the overexpression and subsequent purification of numerous protein complexes.
Registos da Arquitectura de Raúl Chorão Ramalho
Authors: Aleixo Sofia , Mestre Victor
Published: December 2022

Os Arquivos de Arquitectura preservam contributos inquestionáveis para a História da Arquitectura. Resultando da prática profissional, estes acervos integram-se como fontes documentais que requerem a atenção de especialistas para a sua preservação e disseminação, de que se destaca no nosso país o Forte de Sacavém e o Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitetónico (SIPA).

“Raúl Chorão Ramalho – Arquitecto” (1914-2002), é a designação da exposição e catálogo que, em 1997, revelou a importância dos seus projectos e obras para a história da arquitectura portuguesa, corolário de um processo de sistematização e pré-inventariação do seu arquivo de atelier resultante da prática continuada por mais de quatro décadas.

Destaca-se a relevância do espólio documental entregue ao SIPA em 2004, e argumenta-se sobre a importância da sua investigação para o conhecimento e enquadramento da actividade desta profissão na arquitectura portuguesa do século XX, em Portugal e no estrangeiro.
formaurbis LAB
Authors: Padrão Fernandes Sérgio , Dias Coelho Carlos
Published: December 2022

Este artigo apresenta os resultados do projecto “Atlas Morfológico da Cidade Portuguesa”, que tem vindo a ser desenvolvido durante a última década na Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade de Lisboa. Propõe uma reflexão sobre um processo de investigação da forma da cidade que estabelece uma síntese entre os arquivos municipais, o lugar onde se reúnem os documentos mais importantes da cidade, dos projectos originais, dos processos de obra particulares, etc., e o levantamento “in situ” da cidade construída, entendida como repositório do conhecimento de si própria.

Em 2018 o grupo de investigação “formaurbis LAB” ganhou uma bolsa de investigação da Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia para desenvolver um extenso inventário das tipologias edificadas em Portugal que constituem o capítulo final do Atlas Morfológico da Cidade Portuguesa. Assim, após a realização das várias fases anteriores de investigação será possível, pela primeira vez, realizar uma abordagem articulada entre todas as componentes do tecido urbano – o traçado urbano, a praça, a rua, o quarteirão, a parcela, o edifício – tendo como caso de estudo cerca de 100 cidades de Portugal.
The Parents' Committee in Biysk Women's Gymnasium in the Early 20th Century
Authors: Bogdanov E.D. , Churkin M.K.
Published: December 2022

The article deals with the information about the parents' committee in Biysk Nikolayevskaya Women's Gymnasium in the early 20th century. Parents' committees were an important part of gymnasium life, but little attention is paid to their studying. Minutes of the meetings of the parents' committee of the Biysk Women's Gymnasium have been preserved, which contain information about the thinking of the students' parents at that time. In addition, details of the daily life of the students were mentioned in the discussions. The modernization in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, which consisted in the transition from feudalism to capitalism, had a strong impact on the mentality of Russian society. It was also reflected in the life of educational institutions. Modernist features appeared in society, but at the same time many traditional ones remained. The gap between the generations was widening. Parents' committees were an important forum for the students' parents to speak out. In this regard, their meetings were used to discuss pressing issues of concern to Russian society. The study of daily life and thinking of pre-revolutionary gymnasiums may have practical value in our time.
The Cultural and Educational Activities of the Political Exiles in Ust-Kamenogorsk (the 1880s — Early 20th Century): Some Aspects
Authors: Nikulina I.N. , Potupchik M.N. , Kaliyeva K.S.
Published: December 2022

The Siberian political exile of the 19th — early 20th centuries is an interesting multifaceted topic with a significant number of issues that require a comprehensive in-depth study. Despite the extensive range of studies on the Siberian political exile history, for some questions a thorough careful research is needed. This work is focused on one of the aspects of the versatile activities of the political exiles — cultural and educational activities. The relevance of this topic is determined by the importance of further development of Russian-Kazakh relations, taking into account the historical experience of interaction between the political exiles and the local population, determining the contribution and significance of the cultural and educational activities of the exiles in the life of the region. The article aims to review the cultural and educational activity of the political exiles in Ust-Kamenogorsk in the 1880s — early 20th century and define its significance for the social development of the city and the region. Based on the available sources and literature, the work reflects the issues of the city cultural and educational institutions formation and the actual participation of the political exiles in it. New information on their biographies is added. Many Ust-Kamenogorsk secondary and vocational schools, museums and libraries were opened thanks to the cultural and educational activities of the political exiles who advocated for the elimination of illiteracy and the development of culture. Special courses were organized, the People's House was created. Undoubtedly, this showed exiled people’s pro-active approach to life aimed at spreading knowledge among the local population and the cultural development of the city and the region.
Russian Diplomacy in the Struggle for National Interests during World War I
Authors: Temchuk E.I.
Published: December 2022

Article covers a complex of the most important geopolitical questions facing Russian empire during the first global conflict of 1914-1917, and also the efforts of domestic diplomacy directed on their decision in a favorable course for the country in the conditions of a difficult confrontation of great powers. Relevance of the topic is conditioned by insufficiently deep analysis of the struggle on the diplomatic front of the First World War and superficial idea about the aims and motives of the Russian imperial government in its actions on the world arena in relation to both the enemies from the bloc of the Central Powers and the Entente allies. In the course of the research the author has traced the evolution of Russian foreign policy from the beginning of military operations to the period of revolutionary upheavals, the cause-and-effect relationships of decisions of its leadership in the course of the world conflict, and also gives an objective assessment of the results of this work in achieving the final reunification of its ethnic territories, creation and consolidation around itself of new Slavic states, realization of rights for the "Byzantine heritage".
The 300th Anniversary of Romanov House: Celebrations in Barnaul and Biysk
Authors: Tishkina T.V.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the process of managing and holding celebrations in 1913 on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of Romanov House on the example of the provincial cities of Barnaul and Biysk. The celebration was one of the key events in the prewar life of the Russian Empire. The anniversary date was positioned as an important state-patriotic event. The preparatory work for the upcoming event took several years. Special commissions, which included representatives of local authorities and the public, were established in provincial towns. The author notes that these commissions were engaged not only in drawing up a plan for holding festive celebrations on February 21, 1913, but also in perpetuating the memory of the anniversary date on the scale of their locality. For example, in Barnaul, the building of the city school was given the name "In memory of the 300th anniversary of Romanov House". The assignment of special scholarships in honor of anniversary events to students of local educational institutions was widely practiced. The success of the celebrations was based on the experience of the centenary of the Patriotic War (1912) and the joint efforts of the clergy, various departments and ministries. The celebration of the 300th anniversary of Romanov House was the last major solemn event of the Russian Empire.
Formation and Development of Economic Analysis of Law
Authors: Pechatnova Yu.V.
Published: December 2022

The article discusses the main historical milestones in the development of the ideas of economic analysis of law. The scientific works of Adam Smith, David Ricardo, Frederic Bastiat, which laid the conceptual foundation for the use of the economic approach in legal science, are analyzed. Among the founding fathers of the economic analysis of law, the author proposes to single out a number of outstanding economists and lawyers. The article pays special attention to the research of scientists Ronald Coase, Guido Calabresi, Gary Becker and Richard Posner, who made a significant contribution to the development and popularization of the ideas of economic analysis of law, including in the higher legal school. The author comes to the conclusion that the economic analysis of law as an independent concept has come a long way of formation and development. Thanks to outstanding scientists-economists, a kind of revolution took place in legal science and legal education. In conclusion, the author emphasizes the importance of applying a historical approach to the study of the inclusion of economic prerequisites in jurisprudence and emphasizes the positive prospects for using historical methodology for research in domestic law.
Systemic Review of Mufradat Learning Strategies/ Tinjauan Sistemik Strategi Pembelajaran Mufradat
Authors: Jamiatunnur  , Mahyudin Ritonga  , Hanomi
Published: December 2022

Mufradat or the vocabulary of each language is part of the most critical element because the ability to speak a foreign language for each person is measured by the vocabulary he has. In reality, learning vocabulary such as Arabic is faced with serious problems. Therefore, this article will reveal mufradat learning strategies. The research was carried out using the literature study technique, namely research data found from books, and articles published in various publishers. Data is taken from these sources by carefully reading each source and then taking its meaning according to the research content. The research data were collected with the help of publish or perish and Vosviewer, the data was then analyzed with the help of Nvivo 12. The results of the analysis of the data found some mufradat learning strategies, some of these strategies are singing, translation, consolidation, and metacognitive. Learning strategies can impact students' knowledge in mufradat measured by the teacher's ability to use strategies, and alignment between methods, media, and forms of evaluation with mufradat learning objectives.

Abstrak

Mufradat atau kosakata setiap bahasa merupakan bagian dari unsur terpenting, karena kemampuan berbahasa asing bagi setiap orang diukur dengan kosakata yang dimilikinya. Pada realitanya, pembelajaran kosakata seperti bahasa Arab dihadapkan pada problem serius. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini akan mengungkap strategi pembelajaran mufradat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik studi kepustakaan, yaitu data penelitian ditemukan dari buku dan artikel yang dipublikasi di berbagai penerbit. Data diambil dari sumber-sumber tersebut dengan cara membaca secara cermat setiap sumber kemudian mengambil maknanya sesuai dengan konten penelitian. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan bantuan publish or perish dan Vosviewer, data tersebut kemudian dianalisis dengan bantuan Nvivo 12. Hasil analisis terhadap data ialah ditemukan beberapa strategi pembelajaran mufradat. Startegi tersebut ialah bernyanyi, penerjemahan, konsolidasi, dan metakognitif. Strategi pembelajaran dapat memengaruhi pengetahuan peserta didik dalam mufradat yang diukur dengan kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan strategi, keselarasan antara metode, media, dan bentuk evaluasi dengan tujuan pembelajaran mufradat.
Islamic Aspects in Nussa Dan Rara Animated Film: Tzvetan Todorov Narrative Analysis/ Aspek-Aspek Islam pada Film Animasi Nussa Dan Rara: Analisis Narasi Tzvetan Todorov
Authors: Ghiyats Aiman  , Dwi Ratnasari
Published: December 2022

Advances in technology require Muslims to change the method of preaching. The da'wah method of utilizing the internet seems to make it easier for every individual to gain Islamic knowledge without having to go directly to the place of study, one of which is through animated films. This study aims to determine Islamic aspects and educational strategies contained in the animated series Nussa and Rara episodes 1-10 and will become reference material for educators and parents of students in educating them. This study uses a qualitative approach, data collection is done through observation and analysis. Observing directly every scene of the animated series Nussa episodes 1-10 which indicates aspects of Islam then describes these values ​​using the basis of Tzevan Todorov's analysis. The results of this study are episode 1 aspects of aqidah and shari'ah, episode 2 aspects of shari'ah, episode 3 aspects of aqidah and shari'ah, episode 4 aspects of aqidah, akhlak, and syari'ah, episode 5 aspects of shari'ah, episode 6 aspects of shari'ah, aspects of shari'ah episode 7), aspects of shari'ah and morals episode 8, moral aspects episode 9, and aspects of shari'ah episode 10. Educational strategies in the animated series Nussa and Rara use problem-based learning strategies (SPBM).

Abstrak

Kemajuan teknologi menuntut umat Islam untuk mengubah metode dakwah. Metode dakwah dengan memanfaatkan internet nampaknya memudahkan setiap individu untuk menimba ilmu keislaman tanpa harus langsung ke tempat belajar, salah satunya melalui film animasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek keislaman dan strategi pendidikan yang terkandung dalam serial animasi Nussa dan Rara episode 1-10 dan akan menjadi bahan referensi bagi para pendidik dan orang tua siswa dalam mendidik mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan analisis. Mencermati secara langsung setiap adegan serial animasi Nussa episode 1-10 yang menunjukkan aspek keislaman kemudian memaparkan nilai-nilai tersebut dengan dasar analisis Tzevan Todorov. Hasil penelitian ini adalah episode 1 aspek aqidah dan syari'ah, episode 2 aspek syari'ah, episode 3 aspek aqidah dan syari'ah, episode 4 aspek aqidah, akhlak, dan syari'ah, episode 5 aspek aspek syari'ah, aspek syari'ah episode 6, aspek syari'ah episode 7), aspek syari'ah dan akhlak episode 8, aspek moral episode 9, dan aspek syari'ah episode 10. serial animasi Nussa dan Rara menggunakan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah (SPBM).
The Spice Route and The Sub-Urban Muslim Community in South East Asia
Authors: Mufrodi Ali
Published: December 2022

The spice route is the route that the spice trade passes from its home country, the Maluku Islands in particular, and the Archipelago Islands in general to other countries in the world. The spice route is thought to have existed for several centuries BC. The spice route stretches from the Maluku Islands/Nusantara to Malaya, India, Persia, Arabia, Egypt, to Europe. The Arabs took part in the spice trade from the Archipelago and the Persians, Indians, Malays, and the Chinese. When the Arabs embraced Islam and followed by the Persians and Indians, they passed and controlled the trade in the spice route. Since the first century to the twelfth century AD, Indian civilization with Hinduism and Buddhism dominated society and politics in Southeast Asia. Even the still Hindu solid kingdom in Java lasted until the end of the fifteenth century. During such a period, the Muslims became members of the marginalized communities on the spice route under the shadow of Hinduistic hegemony. However, they can play a role in the Islamization of the Southeast Asian Region through the spice route. Gradually the Muslims can shift the Hindu/Buddhist civilization and establish political power and build Islamic civilization. Islamic civilization includes, among others, the development of Islamic religious knowledge, shaping Islamic traditions in society, advancing education, and establishing political power. The writer used the 4-step historical method in this study, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. He also applied acculturation theory to discuss this theme. Given the limited time, secondary sources were used to write this research.
Competencia digital
Authors: Núñez Juan M.
Published: December 2022

Tomar decisiones en relación con la tecnología y con la competencia digital, y hacerlo de forma coherente, pasa por establecer primero un marco estratégico suficientemente sólido que nos permita concretar y operativizar un conjunto de reflexiones y documentos que guíen nuestros pasos. Esta concreción debe, por otro lado, nacer de la reflexión pedagógica y educativa profunda y del conocimiento de nuestra realidad y nuestro contexto. En este artículo planteamos un modelo posible para preparar el terreno, de manera que las decisiones a tomar se fundamenten en un argumentario que nace de nuestra misión y nuestro proyecto educativo.
¿Predicción o distopía sobre la educación digital?
Authors: Boumadan Moussa
Published: December 2022

La educación mediada por la tecnología encierra grandes dilemas. La reflexión sobre su valor como catalizadora de cambios metodológicos requiere de un análisis que avance más allá del nivel descriptivo de las oportunidades de personalización que ofrecen. El éxito de una escuela digitalizada no lo determina su solución tecnológica, pero es un factor más de su ecosistema de innovación educativa.
Nuestra lucha con las TIC
Authors: Sanz Montesa Mariano
Published: December 2022

Desarrollar un proceso de transformación digital en un colegio es un camino complejo, pero a la vez emocionante. En este artículo compartimos con el lector nuestro periplo digital. Nuestra experiencia, en este sentido, ha contribuido a que veamos la tecnología como facilitadora del trabajo de todos los implicados en el proceso de aprendizaje. Centrándonos en los alumnos, es evidente que la tecnología ha contribuido enormemente en el perfil del nuevo alumno: autosuficiente, capaz de gestionar su propio aprendizaje y de discriminar correctamente la gran cantidad de información a la que tiene acceso.
El método Faure en la actualidad
Authors: Ayuso Fernández Alejandro
Published: December 2022

El siguiente artículo trata acerca de la metodología del pedagogo Pierre Faure. Sus ideas de educación y formación personalizada basadas en la libertad, singularidad y autonomía se expresan a través de su concepción de persona. Asimismo, se reflejan estos conceptos en actividades y proyectos que se desarrollan en el Colegio Nuevo Equipo, seguidor de la pedagogía Faure.
Profes en las fronteras
Authors: Macías Naranjo Chabeli
Published: December 2022

Profes en las fronteras son aquellos que quieren iniciar un camino cuyo objetivo es mejorar las propuestas educativas propias y ajenas y, por tanto, la calidad de la educación, pero que, sobre todo, buscan transformar realidades y personas. Para ello lo único que tienen que hacer es compartir el trabajo y construir propuestas educativas junto a otros profes de diferentes contextos y países con el objetivo de enriquecerse y enriquecer a su alumnado y a sus centros educativos.
Revisión sistemática: efecto de la intervención psicosocial y creación artística en la promoción de resiliencia en niños y adolescentes
Authors: Alvarán López Sandra Milena
Published: December 2022

El objetivo principal del presente estudio de revisión sistemática narrativa fue determinar si las intervenciones psicosociales basadas en la libre expresión artística dirigidas a promover el afrontamiento resiliente de situaciones estresantes cuentan con un claro sustento científico. La muestra preseleccionada estuvo conformada por 50 investigaciones publicadas entre 2010 y 2021 en bases de datos MEDLINE, ProQuest Central, PubMed, Science Direct y Trip Data base, con términos como: “Arte”, “expresión artística”, “Resiliencia”, “Afrontamiento positivo”, “niños y adolescentes”, “atención psicosocial¨ y su traducción en inglés. Posterior a la revisión se confirmó la inclusión de 47 publicaciones entre las cuales había 27 artículos científicos publicados, 13 guías o manuales institucionales publicados por la OMS y la UNESCO entre otros, 5 revisiones sistemáticas y 3 tesis de grado. Se procesaron los datos mediante el análisis de concordancia de avances, limitaciones y efectos generados con evidencia científica para calcular el nivel de efectividad. Se concluye que la acción artística permite la expresión simbólica y libre desahogo de emociones como miedo y tristeza a través de formas alegóricas que rememoran y facilitan la reconstrucción de recuerdos dolorosos, sumados a la rememoración positiva que motiva el inicio de la acción reconstructiva y resiliente de la vida. Buena parte de los estudios revisados declaran limitaciones en torno a la existencia de instrumentos psicométricamente válidos para evaluar el real alcance de la acción artística.