bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Access to Agricultural Inputs among Smallholder Tobacco Farmers in Kahama District, Tanzania
Authors: Mwatawala Hija , Lupembe Talita , Maguta Mihayo
Published: July 2024

Appropriate application of agricultural inputs plays a significant role in offsetting the adverse effects of climate change on agriculture including in tobacco production. Use of agricultural inputs has been reported to improve quantity, quality and market value of tobacco worldwide. In view of that, this study was undertaken to assess the factors affecting access to agricultural inputs among tobacco smallholder farmers in Kahama District. Additionally, the study determined the effects of inputs applications on tobacco production. The interview method using structured questionnaires was employed to collect primary data from a sample of 180 tobacco smallholder farmers obtained through random sampling. The data were analysed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that 77.2% of smallholder farmers had an access to agricultural inputs while 22.8% did not. Access to these agricultural inputs was through Agricultural Marketing Cooperative Societies (AMCOS) (100.0 %), fellow farmers (68.3%), and agro-input dealers (48.2%). Furthermore, findings showed that price (p=0.029), AMCOS membership (p=0.000), awareness (p=0.045), frequency of usage (p=0.000), credit accessibility (p=0.012) and farm size (p=0.048) were the significant factors that influenced smallholder farmers to access agricultural inputs. Moreover, the effects of agricultural inputs applications on tobacco production were; increase of tobacco leaf size (100.0%), resilience to pests and disease (97.3%), quality of produced tobacco (91.3%) and amount of produce (80.6%). The study concludes that most farmers have access to agricultural inputs, and that access is influenced by a number of important factors. There are several ways that inputs impact tobacco production. The study strongly suggests that in order to improve accessibility and input usage, farmers should be encouraged to join AMCOS and get access to credit.
Financial Innovations and the Interest Elasticity of Money Demand in Jordan (2009-2022)
Authors: Abu-Lila Ziad , Ghazo Abdallah
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to determine the relationship between financial innovations and the interest elasticity of money demand, and based on a set of statistical tests, the ordinary least squares method was determined to achieve this goal.Using quarterly data on the Jordanian economy for the period (2009-2022), the study estimated the demand for money as a function of income and interest rate.
      The empirical results reached in this study showed that all determinants of money demand have the expected signs and were statistically significant. Regarding the relationship between financial innovations and the interest elasticity of money demand, the results indicated that financial innovations after 2016 reduced the sensitivity of money demand to interest rate. Therefore, the absolute value of the interest elasticity of money demand decreased, which means an increase in the effectiveness of monetary policy as financial innovations may improve the efficiency of the financial system, in a way that facilitates the work of monetary policy and increases its effectiveness. However, monetary policy makers must monitor these innovations and developments and limit the negative changes that may accompany them, and work to design a modern monetary policy that is in line with these developments.
Performance of the Supply Chain in Operational Excellence: A Field Study in Jordanian Pharmaceutical Companies
Authors: Jaffal Shaima , Alzou’bi Khaled
Published: July 2024

This study aims to identify the role of supply chain performance dimensions (cost, flexibility, delivery, and responsiveness) in achieving operational excellence dimensions (leadership excellence, product excellence, employee excellence, organizational culture excellence, and strategic excellence) in Jordanian pharmaceutical companies. The study population includes all senior and middle managers (1016 employees) in (22) pharmaceutical companies in Amman. A stratified random proportional sample was used to represent the study population. The descriptive analytical approach was used to achieve the study objectives and test its hypotheses. A questionnaire was used as the main tool for data collection, consisting of (45) items. Several statistical methods were used, including arithmetic means, standard deviations, multiple regression analysis, and the (SPSS.V.25) statistical package. After analyzing the study data and hypotheses, the study reached several results, the most important of which are: The overall performance index of supply chain performance was high to moderate. The level of operational excellence was also high. The study showed that there is an effect of supply chain performance dimensions (flexibility, delivery, and responsiveness) on operational excellence at a significance level of (α ≤ 0.05) in Jordanian pharmaceutical companies. The study recommended the need to build a positive work environment that depends on respect, appreciation, and cooperation by Jordanian pharmaceutical companies, which contributes to raising employees' morale and productivity, and reflects on achieving operational excellence and enhancing its position in the local and global market.
The Relationship between Crude Oil Prices and the Gross Domestic Product, Inflation, and Unemployment: Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Khazaleh Mansour
Published: July 2024

The primary goal of this study is to assess the effect of oil prices on Jordan's gross domestic product, inflation, and unemployment. The GDP represents a summation of gross value added via all resident producers in the economy and any product taxes not involved in the evaluation of output, divided by mid-year population. While the concept of unemployment denotes to the portion of the labor force that is without work but available for and looking for employment, as well as to inflation as stately by the consumer price index by using quarterly time series data from 2000 to 2021. The study employs an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) equations system or a multivariate ARDL model to analyze the relationship. The findings indicate that in panel A, the ARDL(0,0) results suggest the absence of both short-term and long-term effects of oil prices on GDP, inflation, and unemployment. Conversely, panel B demonstrates that there are no immediate or prolonged impact of oil prices on unemployment (UNE) based on the ARDL(1,0) analysis. However, in panel C, the ARDL-ECM (1,0) highlights the existence of short-term and long-term impacts on inflation by oil prices. Decision makers in the Jordanian economy could employ the outcomes of this study to formulate the suitable policies that assist in dealing with the quantities of the oil imports from different countries which will directly affect in minimizing unemployment rates among Jordanians.
The Trends of Kindergarten Teachers Towards the Integration of Children with Disabilities in the Kindergarten Stage and the Obstacles to Achieving this from their Point of View in Mafraq Governorate
Authors: Al-Bbari Ekhlas
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to investigate the trends of kindergarten teachers towards integrating people with disabilities at the kindergarten stage and the obstacles to achieving this from their point of view in Mafraq governorate and their relationship to some variables, represented by (type of kindergarten, academic qualification, experience). To achieve the goals of the study, the descriptive curriculum was used. The study community consists of all kindergarten teachers in Mafraq governorate, numbering (230) teachers according to the statistics of the Ministry of education for the academic year 2022/2023,  while the study sample consisted of (155) teachers. The researcher designed a tool consisting of two parts: The first is to measure the trends of kindergarten teachers towards integrating people with disabilities with children without disabilities in Mafraq governorate, where it consisted of (28) items distributed over three areas: social, academic, emotional), and the second is to measure obstacles to integration, where it consisted of (20) items. The study showed the multiplicity of obstacles to integration from the teachers' point of view. It also showed that there are no statistically significant differences at (α =0،05) in the trends of kindergarten teachers towards comprehensive integration), with the variety of the type of kindergarten, academic qualifications, and years of experience. The results also explained that the trends of the study sample were positive. In light of the results, the researcher recommends the application of comprehensive integration at the kindergarten stage, and the need to hold training courses to qualify kindergarten teachers, and to raise awareness of the process of applying comprehensive integration from the beginning of early childhood, through media and educational programs, and adapting the educational environment before the application of the comprehensive integration process.
Problems facing students of the Department of Physical Education in the athletics course
Authors: Aboaqouleh Karam , Almakhadmeh Abdalla , Almajali Salameh
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify and investigate the obstacles experienced by students in the Department of Physical Education participating in the athletics course al Al al-Bayt University and to determine the effect of (gender, and academic year) on the degree of the problems. The study used the descriptive approach since it suits the nature of the study, and the sample of the study consisted of 66 male and female students. The sample was chosen purposefully, and was tested by a questionnaire designed by the researchers, which consisted  of 36 items divided into three dimension: problems related to capabilities, problems related to the study plan, and problems related to psychological factors. According to the findings of the study, the problems facing students at the Department of Physical Education in the Athletic course were of a high degree. The study also found statistically significant differences in the problems facing students due to the variables of  gender in favor of  the females, and to the variable of the academic year in favor of the sophomore.
Peran Keterbukaan Komunikasi dalam Membangun Budaya Organisasi Untuk Meningkatkan Citra Diri Kepolisian
Authors: Intan Fadilah Nasution  , Salwa Azzahrah  , Eka Resmawati  , Aura Islamyazizah  , Tugimin Supriyadi
Published: July 2024

Communication in organisational culture is a very important element that affects various aspects of organisational operations and effectiveness. Organisational culture encompasses the values, beliefs and norms held in common by members of the organisation, and communication is the primary means of spreading and maintaining that culture. A strong and positive organisational culture is essential for police institutions to improve their image in the eyes of the public. This organisational culture includes the values, beliefs, behaviours and norms shared by all members of the police force. Police self-image is the perception and judgement that the public has of the police institution. This image is very important as it affects the level of trust, support and co-operation between the police and the community. To improve self-image, the police need to implement a comprehensive and sustainable approach. Through transparency, professionalism, community involvement, effective communication, appropriate conflict handling, innovation, training, rewards, and good media management, the police can build and maintain a positive image in the eyes of the community. A good image not only increases community trust and support but also strengthens the police force's ability to perform their duties effectively. Organisational Culture Communication is the study of how an organisation's culture affects communication within it. Whereas police self-image is concerned with the perceptions and identities that police officers and the public have of the police institution. This study examines how communication within the police organisation affects the self-image of police officers and how that self-image affects the relationship between the police and the Community.
Riesgo Cardiovascular y agencia de autocuidado en adultos mayores: Un estudio piloto
Authors: Sarria Robles Yesenia ,   Universidad de Cundinamarca, Borda Reyes Maura Daniela , Cerquera Herrera Astrid Carolina , Cuevas Rodríguez Gloria Naidu , Aya Roa Kevin Julian , Hernández-Mariano José Ángel ,   Universidad de Cundinamarca,   Universidad de Cundinamarca,   Universidad de Cundinamarca,   Universidad de Cundinamarca,   Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango
Published: July 2024

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares representan una de las principales causas de mortalidad a nivel mundial. Los adultos mayores son propensos a este tipo de enfermedades dadas las condiciones de la edad. Evidencia sugiere que el autocuidado es un factor determinante para la prevención y manejo de diferentes alteraciones crónicas, sin embargo, la información en adultos mayores aun es escasa. Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre la agencia de autocuidado con el riesgo cardiovascular en un grupo de adultos mayores de Cundinamarca, Colombia. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal analítico en una muestra no probabilística de 35 adultos mayores de ambos sexos. Mediante un cuestionario de datos generales se obtuvo información sociodemográfica de los participantes. Se empleó la Escala de Apreciación de la Agencia de Autocuidado para determinar la capacidad de autocuidado. El riesgo cardiovascular se identificó con la escala de Framingham de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Para evaluar las asociaciones de interés construyeron modelos de regresión logística ajustados por variables confusoras.
Inseguridad alimentaria y malnutrición en adultos: revisión sistemática
Authors: Zamorano Preciado Alexis Eliseo ,   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Islas Torres Gema Cristiana , Heredia Morales Mariel ,   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa,   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa
Published: July 2024

La inseguridad alimentaria (IA) es un problema de salud pública mundial debido a que contribuye a la aparición de distintas enfermedades como la anemia y sobrepeso/obesidad (SB/OB). Objetivo: identificar la mejor evidencia disponible sobre la relación de IA con la malnutrición en adul-tos. Metodología: La revisión sistemática fue guiada por la metodología de seis pasos de Cooper. Se consultaron seis fuetes y bases de datos científicas: PubMed, EBSCO, Springer, LILACS, SCOPUS, y Google Académico. Los descriptores MeSH/DeCS usados fueron inseguridad alimentaria, malnutrición y adulto en idioma inglés y español; los operadores booleanos AND, OR y NOT. Se incluyeron 10 artículos primarios de diseño correlacional, transversal y descriptivo publicados del 2018 a 2023.
Prevalencia de ansiedad, estrés y hábitos alimenticios en estudiantes universitarios de Ciencias de la Salud en el Noroeste de México
Authors:   Universidad de Sonora, Navarro-Sandoval Karla Guadalupe , Pacheco-Pérez Luis Arturo ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Ruiz-González Karla Judith ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Manríquez-Betanzos Juan Carlos ,   Universidad de Sonora, García-Puga Julio Alfredo ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Quintero-Vargas Jael Teresa de Jesús ,   Universidad de Sonora
Published: July 2024

Los estudios universitarios se pueden asociar con una mayor incidencia en trastornos de salud mental; además de adoptar hábitos alimenticios no saludables, por lo que resulta necesario estudiar las conductas en salud de la población universitaria. Objetivo: describir la prevalencia de ansiedad, estrés y hábitos alimenticios en estudiantes universitarios de ciencias de la salud en el Noroeste de México. Materiales y Métodos: estudio descriptivo y transversal; la muestra fue de 152 estudiantes de entre 18 y 25 años pertenecientes a los estados de Chihuahua y Sonora, la cual se obtuvo a través de un muestreo no probabilístico; se utilizaron los instrumentos Escala de Autoevaluación de Ansiedad de Zung, Inventario SISCO del Estrés Académico y la Encuesta de Conductas y Hábitos Alimenticios en Educación Superior, mismos que fueron enviados a través de formularios de Google; se respetaron lineamientos éticos en materia de investigación para la salud y los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística como frecuencias, porcentajes, medidas de tendencia central y dispersión.
A Phenomenological Analysis and Evaluation of the Meanings Attached to Examination Malpractices by the Teachers and Students in Kisii County, Kenya.
Authors: Simiyu George M. , Malenya Likoye , Kandagor Daniel
Published: July 2024

In Kenya the problem of examination malpractice keeps on recurring amidst stringent measures. This study gives the perspective where understanding the meaning attached to examination malpractice by the teachers and students helps in minimizing the annual cyclic examination malpractices. Its main objective is to present a phenomenological analysis and evaluation of the meanings attached to examination malpractices by the teachers and students in Secondary schools in Kisii County. The study was carried out in Kisii County, Kenya. It focused on students and teachers in secondary schools in the County who have experienced the problem of examination malpractice. Given that examination malpractice is an ethical problem and those who engage in it justify their actions using certain ethical theories, the study was guided by normative ethical theories. It utilized descriptive survey research design through open-ended questionnaires for data collection. Purposive and snowball sampling procedures were used to pick the respondents whose number was indeterminate given that the study is qualitative and only interested in getting the qualitative data as opposed to quantitative data. This fitted well with the snowball referrals from one relevant participant/interviewee to another. The study adopted hermeneutic and transcendental phenomenological approaches for both prescription and analysis of data. The findings showed that: there are examination malpractice meanings that are popular/conventional such as a deliberate act of a wrong doing and implied/unconventional such as an effect of pressure to get good examination grades; the meanings attached to the examination malpractice by the teachers and students in Kisii County influence the perpetuation of the menace. The study makes the following conclusion: Implied/unconventional meanings influence examination malpractice more than the popular/conventional meanings if the cyclic perpetuation of examination malpractice is to be justified. The study recommends that curbing measures should be directed equally on both the implied/unconventional and the popular/conventional meanings given that paying attention to only the latter has not given the expected educational outcomes.
Effects of Surface Area and Water Level Variability on Fisheries Production in Lake Naivasha, Kenya
Authors: Mengich Brenda M. , Karanja Amon M. , Ogendi George M. , Morara George N.
Published: July 2024

Lake Naivasha is a freshwater, a Ramsar site and an Important Bird Area. It provides multiple services to the surrounding communities such as Fishing, Tourism and Agriculture. Lake Naivasha has been experiencing a water level variation cycle over the years as a result of it being shallow and experiencing high evaporation. Variation in water levels leads to flooding, and receding which disrupts the Lake ecosystem thus causing direct and indirect effects on fishing. The study was conducted to establish the relationship between Surface area and water level variability and fish yield and revenue in Lake Naivasha. Primary data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, and Key informant interviews. Secondary data was collected using Landsat images that provided the temporal and spatial water level variability and documentary analysis between 1989 to 2022. Both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The results show a positive correlation between Surface area Variability and fish yield (r= 0.6261, R2= 0.3920) and fish revenue (r= 0.5219, R2= 0.2724). Surface area variability accounts for 39% of the variation in total fish yield, and 27% of the fish revenue. The study recommends continuous monitoring and surveillance of the lake level, and water quality by the relevant government agencies, as well as watershed management and conservation measures for the sustainability of the Lake’s fishery.
ABD ve AB Özelinde Küresel ve Bölgesel Güçlerin Arap İsyanları Politikalarının Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Aydin Yahya
Published: July 2024

17 Aralık 2010 yılında, Tunus’ta fitili ateşlenen, kitlesel halk hareketleri, aslında beklenmeyen bir hızla genişlemiş, farklı bölge ve ülkelerde kendisine etki alanı bulmuştur. Kendisine bu denli hızlı yayılma alanı buluna kitlesel halk hareketlerinin, kontrolü ve nereye evrileceği, öncesinden hiçte kolay tahmin edilecek bir durum değildir. Bundan dolayıdır ki olayların başladığı, devam ettiği ve sonrasındaki “tahminler”, “kanaatler” ve “beklentiler” farklılık arz edecektir. Çünkü olayların çıkışında tarihsel, sosyal, psiko-sosyal, ekonomik ve siyasal sebepleri ile sonuçları olacaktır. Bu çalışmamda belgesel kaynak ve litaratür taraması yöntemini kullanarak, başlangıçta “Bahar”, “Uyanış” sonrasında ise “İsyan” olarak tanımlanan kitlesel halk hareketlerini derinlemesine inceleyip, olayların çıkmasında tarihsel, siyasal, sosyal, psiko-sosyal, ekonomik ve siyasi sebeplerin neler olabileceğine değindikten sonra, ABD ve AB özelinde küresel ve bölgesel güçlerin “aktörlerin” Arap İsyanları politikalarının karşılaştırılması incelenmektedir.
Sulu State College students’ mechanism against stressors amidst coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors: Sarahadil Norenna , Asiri Masnona , Tolentino Rolly , Amilhamja Abdel , Benson Halben
Published: July 2024

The study analyzed respondents’ demographics, common stressors, coping mechanisms, and significant differences in stressors and coping mechanisms during the pandemic, revealing a significant correlation among sub-categories. It involves students of Sulu State College, Jolo, Sulu. The 214 respondents were selected using random sampling. Frequency and percentage were used to analyze problem 1. Mean and standard deviation for problems 2 and 3. A t-test and an ANOVA were used for problems 4 and 5. And correlational analysis were utilized in problem 6. It was revealed that the respondents often experienced physical stress, sometimes experienced academic and spiritual stress, seldom experienced psychological, social, and environmental stress. It was found that 107, or 50%, of the respondents are 18–25 years old, and only 43, or 20.09%, are below 18 years old. And none of the respondents are 31 years old or older. It was revealed that the respondents often experienced physical stress, sometimes experienced academic and spiritual stress, and seldom experienced psychological, social, and environmental stress. The respondents sometimes employ coping mechanisms for physical, psychological, social, and spiritual stressors. They, however, seldom employ coping mechanisms for academic and environmental stress. No significant differences were found between the stress experienced and the coping mechanisms employed by the respondents when they were grouped according to their demographic profile. No significant correlation was found between the stress experienced and the coping mechanisms employed by the respondents. It was concluded that the respondents suffered from common stressors, and they all employed coping mechanisms for the common stressors.
Kode Etik Dalam Perspektif Teologis Sebagai Pedoman Bagi Pendidik Kristen Dalam Melaksanakan Tugas Profesinya
Authors: Poerti Poerti , Tupamahu Gloria , Arifianto Yonatan Alex
Published: July 2024

Guru dan segala etika serta professional, dalam mengajar memang harus sesuai dengan segala kepakaran namun dalam pengajaran pendidikan agama Kristen guru harus bersikap sesuai dengan Alkitab yang dimana sudah seharusnya menyertakan Tuhan dalam setiap proses pembelajaran. Sehingga ketika dalam proses pembelajaran tidak hanya mengajarkan ilmu pengetahuan saja tetapi ada nilai-nilai kekristenan yang diajarkan supaya kerohanian setiap anak bisa terus bertumbuh, tujuannya supaya ada pedoman bagi guru untuk melaksanakan tugas profesinya. Mengunakan metode kualitatif deskritif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa peran penting etika sangat memberikan sumbangsih untuk bisa membantu setiap naradidik dalam perubahan karakter, dan memutuskan sesuatu hal yang baik dan tidak baik. Guru Kristen harus menjadikan Alkitab sebagai dasar yang paling utama unuk mengajar. Supaya apa yang di ajarkan itu tidak bersifat biasa saja, tetapi ada kesaksian hidup yang dibagikan, yang dimana lewat kesaksian itu ada nilai-nilai kekristenannya. Sehingga bisa memotivasi setiap anak didik dan kerohaniannya pun bisa bertumbuh. Pendidikan Kristen merupakan suatu pendidikan yang bersifat mutlak, dalam memberikan bimbingan, tuntunan, dalam mencapai suatu kedewasaan.
The Maritime Micro-Gestures in Elizabeth Bishop’s Brazil Poems and Translations
Authors: Edwards Magdalena
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: The North American poet Elizabeth Bishop published poems about Brazil as well as translations of the work of some of her Brazilian contemporaries, including Clarice  Lispector  and  Carlos  Drummond  de  Andrade.  This  essay  examines  a  selection  of  Bishop’s Brazil poems and translations that perform maritime micro-gestures—that is, subtle movements of the sea and connected bodies of water—in order to consider the insights and dangers contained therein. I discuss these gestures in the spirit of the new media theorist Vilém Flusser and argue that Bishop’s poems can teach us to better examine our own ways of looking at the world and ourselves and to recognize that things are often not quite what they seem.
KEYWORDS: Vilém  Flusser;  Clarice  Lispector;  Carlos  Drummond  de  Andrade;  poetry;  translation; gesture; micro-gesture; sea; water; ocean; maritime; Brazil
RESUMO: A  poeta  norteamericana  Elizabeth  Bishop  publicou  poemas  sobre  o  Brasil  e  traduções  de  alguns  dos  seus  contemporâneos  brasileiros,  incluindo  Clarice  Lispector  e  Carlos  Drummond  de  Andade.  Este  ensaio  examina  uma  selecção  de  poemas  e  traduções  de  Bishop  sobre  Brasil  que  cumprem  micro-gestos  marítimos  —ou  seja,  movimentos  sutis  do  mar  e  das  aguas  ligadas—  para  considerar  os  conhecimentos  e  perigos incluídos. Eu analiso os “gestos” de Bishop pensando no teórico da cultura da mídia Vilém Flusser e argumento que os poemas de Bishop nos podem ensinar como melhorar nosso processo de examinar nosso olhar para o mundo e ao nossos mesmos, para entender que as vezes as coisas não são exatamente o que parecem ser.
PAL AVRAS-CHAVE: Vilém Flusser; Clarice Lispector; Carlos Drummond de Andrade; poesia; tradução; gesto; micro-gesto; mar; água; oceano; marítimo; Brasil
A Diáspora como Base da Identidade Cabo-Verdiana em Ilhéu dos Pássaros, de Orlanda Amarílis, e Chiquinho, de Baltasar Lopes
Authors: Simões Diana
Published: July 2024

RESUMO: As agrestes condições ambientais das ilhas do arquipélago de Cabo Verde dão o mote para a temática da emigração, justificada como escape a uma vida miserável de trabalho  árduo,  ameaçada  pela  fome.  A  identidade  cabo-verdiana  passa  pela  vivência  dessa realidade, sem, no entanto, estar restrita aos limites geográficos do arquipélago. De acordo com a interpretação de Bradley Smith, ser cabo-verdiano é assumir uma identidade  fundacionalmente  diaspórica,  caracterizada  pelo  hibridismo  da  mestiçagem  e  por uma condição de dupla consciência em reverso (subversão da tese de Paul Gilroy). Baltasar  Lopes,  em  Chiquinho,  e  Orlanda  Amarílis,  em  Ilhéu  dos  Pássaros,  usam  com  mestria o mote da emigração, abrangendo diversas fases de desenvolvimento do país e consequentes mudanças de mentalidade, pelo que apresentam visões distintas das possibilidades diaspóricas para lá das ilhas. Será igualmente dado destaque à importância da língua na formação da identidade nacional, através da competição do crioulo cabo-verdiano não só com o português-padrão, em contexto de ascensão social nos regimes colonial  e  pós-colonial,  mas  também  com  outras  línguas  estrangeiras  de  utilidade  em  contexto diaspórico, como o inglês ou o francês.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Identidade, Emigração, Diáspora Cabo-Verdiana, Crioulo
ABSRTACT: The harsh environmental conditions of the Cape Verde islands introduce the theme of emigration as a justifiable escape from a miserable life of hard work, threatened  by  starvation.  Cape-Verdean  identity  is  built  upon  the  experience  of  that  reality,  without  being  confined  to  the  geographical  borders  of  the  archipelago.  According  to  Bradley Smith’s definition, being Cape-Verdean means assuming a foundationally diasporic  identity,  characterized  by  hybrid  miscegenation  and  by  a  feeling  of  double  consciousness in reverse (subverting Paul Gilroy’s thesis). Baltasar Lopes, in Chiquinho, and Orlanda Amarílis, in Ilhéu dos Pássaros, skillfully use the motto of emigration in a broad sense, which encompasses different phases of country development and the mentality changes that follow, thus presenting distinct views of the diasporic possibilities beyond the islands. This article will also highlight the importance of language in the formation of national identity, through competition faced by creole against standard Portuguese (in the context of social mobility in colonial and post-colonial regimes) and other foreign languages, like English or French (useful in the diaspora).
KEYWORDS: Identity, Emigration, Cape-Verdean Diaspora, Creole
Considering Fetishism in João Pedro Rodrigues’s O Fantasma
Authors: Hodgson James
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: This essay considers the depiction of fetishism in João Pedro Rodrigues’s 2000 film O Fantasma. While its unusual and recondite form reflects fetishistic desire in ways that subvert and challenge conventional narrative structures, its presentation of fetishistic sexuality is also embedded in the material world. Thus, the film can be read as an pessimistic statement about the ability of sexual identity politics to effect broad social change. As such, the essay offers a note of caution to recent queer criticism of lusophone cinema.
KEYWORDS: Gay  cinema;  sexuality;  loners;  fetishism;  João  Pedro  Rodrigues; O  Fantasma; portuguese cinema
RESUMO: Este  artigo  considera  a  representação  de  fetichismo  sexual  no  filme  O  Fantasma,  de  João  Pedro  Rodrigues  (2000). Embora  a  forma  estranho  do  filme  reflete  um  desejo  fetichista  em  maneiras  que  subvertem  as  estruturas  narrativas  convencionais,  o  film  coloca  sua  representação  de  sexualidade  fetichista  no  mundo  material.  Neste  maneira, o filme pode ser lido como uma declaração pessimista sobre a capacidade de políticas de identidade sexual para afetuar mudança social. Portanto, este artigo contribui com uma nota de cautela para a recente crítica queer do cinema lusófono.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cinema gay; sexualidade; solitários; fetichismo; João Pedro Rodrigues;O Fantasma; cinema português
Implementation of Transformational Leadership in Improving Teacher
Authors: Sari Desi Ratna
Published: July 2024

Education plays an important role in nation building, through quality education the next generation can be prepared to face future challenges. Teacher performance is a key factor in realizing quality education. Teachers act as conveyors of knowledge, mentors, motivators, and role models for students. Therefore, improving teacher performance is a top priority in education management. Leadership in the school environment plays an important role in improving teacher performance, especially through transformational leadership. Transformational leadership, introduced by James MacGregor Burns and developed by Bernard M. Bass, inspires and motivates subordinates to achieve more than they thought they could. This leadership style focuses on achieving organizational goals and individual development. The implementation of transformational leadership in schools can bring significant changes in the learning and teaching environment. Transformational leaders are able to generate morale, increase commitment and foster innovation among teachers by providing a clear vision, consistent support and continuous inspiration. This research aims to explore how transformational leadership can be implemented in an educational context and its effect on improving teacher performance. Through case studies and in-depth analysis, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of transformational leadership in education.
Breast ironing: A Clandestine Variant of Gender-based Violence in Africa
Authors: Olofinbiyi Babatunde Ajayi , Enoch Opeyemi Oluwole , Olofinbiyi Rebecca Oluwafunke , Awoleke Jacob Olumuyiwa
Published: July 2024

Breast ironing, a clandestine practice prevalent in several African countries, represents a covert form of gender-based violence (GBV) with profound implications for the physical, psychological, and social well-being of girls. The practice involves pressing or massaging a girl's developing breasts with heated objects like grinding stones and pestles to arrest  breast development, thereby making the girl less attractive to men; and reducing the chances of  her having  sexual intercourse. This review article examines the phenomenon of breast ironing within the broader context of GBV in Africa, exploring its prevalence, sociocultural roots, health consequences and societal implications, prevention challenges and strategies for intervention. A key aspect emphasized is the need to recognize and address the potential medicalization of breast ironing, similar to efforts seen in combating female genital mutilation (FGM). Preventive strategies must include maintaining a high index of suspicion for medicalization, ensuring that healthcare providers are educated about the dangers of this practice and empowered to intervene effectively. Addressing breast ironing requires a multifaceted approach that acknowledges its sociocultural complexities, prioritizes preventive measures and leverages the power of research. By integrating these elements into comprehensive prevention strategies, we can work towards ending the harmful practice of breast ironing and safeguarding the health and well-being of African girls. Political will and action are paramount in preventing breast ironing in Africa. Leaders must prioritize legislation, allocate resources, and collaborate with stakeholders to eradicate this harmful practice and protect vulnerable individuals.
Âdet Döngüsündeki Sürelerle İlgili Fıkhi Hükümlerin Delilleri
Authors: Soydan Gülsüm , Kahraman Abdullah
Published: July 2024

Klasik fıkıh kitaplarının yazıldığı zamanlarda muayene ve teşhis için yeterli teknik donanım olmadığından fukaha, âdet döngüsünü tespit edebilmek amacıyla çoğunlukla, âdet ve temizlik dönemlerinin asgari ve azami sürelerini, konuyla doğrudan ya da dolaylı ilgileri olan rivayetlerle belirleme yoluna gitmiştir. Özellikle Hanefî mezhebinde âdet ve temizlik dönemlerinin asgari ve azami süreleri, dinin belirlediği miktarlar olarak kabul edilmiş, konuyla ilgili tıbbi açıklamalar, kadının kanaati ve örf (sosyal veri), hükme giden sürecin dışında bırakılmıştır. Şâfiî, Mâlikî ve Hanbelî mezheplerinde ise Hanefî mezhebinden farklı da olsa asgari ve azami süreler belirlenmiş olmakla birlikte kadının âdet kanamasıyla özür kanamasını birbirinden ayırt etme yetisine (temyize) de önem verilmiştir. Öte yandan, çevrelerindeki kadınların âdet düzenlerini de araştıran fakihler, elde ettikleri bilgileri hükme varırken örfi delil olarak kullanmışlardır. Bu da Hanefî mezhebiyle diğer mezhepler arasında önemli bir usûl farkı ortaya çıkarmıştır. Fakihlerin, âdet döngüsündeki asgari ve azami sürelerin tespitiyle ilgili delillerine bakıldığında aslında bu belirlemenin dinî bir sabite olmayıp tamamen içtihadi olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla konuyla ilgili güncel tıbbi ve sosyal verilerle söz konusu hükümlerin tekrar değerlendirilmesine her dönemde ihtiyaç vardır.
Ömer b. Muhammed ez-Zemahşerî’nin Umut Anlayışı
Authors: Tözluyurt Mehmet
Published: July 2024

Kişinin verdiği sözü yerine getirmesinde sorumluluk baş rol oynar. Sorumluluk sabır ve umutla devam ettirildiğinde ancak yerine getirilmiş olur. Sabır, umudun destekçisi ve güvencesidir. İnsan bireysel olduğu kadar sosyal yönü de olan bir varlıktır. Kişiyi inşa etmede bir diğer önemli husus ise umut etmektir. İnsanın bir Yaratıcı’nın var olduğuna inandığı anlardan biri umutsuzluk halidir. Kişi umutsuzluk anında bilinçlenmekte ve Yaratıcı’yı keşfedebilmektedir. Allah, çoğu ayette insanların kendisine umut bağlamalarını haber etmektedir. Zemahşerî son dönemlerde rasyonalist görüşleriyle yeniden ön plana çıkmaya başlayan bir alimdir. Bu açıdan onun umut anlayışının ortaya konması da önem arz etmektedir. Zira o, ayetlerdeki tasvir, temsil ve mecazlarla ilgili tutarlı ve aklın ilkeleriyle uyumlu görüşlere sahiptir. Zemahşerî umut kavramının karşılığı olarak daha çok recâ kelimesini tercih etmiştir. O, bu kavrama Allah’tan mağfiret dilemek ve beklenti anlamını vermiştir. O, umutlu olma halinin yok olması durumunda inancın varlığını sürdürmesini mümkün görmez. Allah, Kur’an’da müminlerin velisi olduğunu bildirerek insanların ümitsizliğe kapılmalarına gerek olmadığını bildirir. Umutlu olanları üç sınıfta değerlendiren Zemahşerî, birincisinin iyilik yaparken samimi davrananlar; ikincisinin günah sonrasında tövbe edenler ve üçüncüsünün günah sonrasında tövbe etmemekle birlikte affedileceklerini umanlar olduğunu zikreder. Ona göre üçüncü tür umut sadece boş temenniden ibarettir. İnsan için hayati öneme sahip olan umut, bazen içinde olumsuz etkiyi de barındırır. Bireyi yanlış yollara sevk edecek hususlar gücünü umuttan alır. Bu tarz umut, Zemahşerî tarafından aldatıcı olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Aldatıcı umuda kapılan inkârcılar, Allah ile karşılaşma beklentisi içerisinde olmadıkları gibi O’nun karşısına kötü şeylerle çıkmaktan da korkmazlar. Bu kişiler, değişme deneyimi yaşamadıkları halde inananların dinlerinden dönmek suretiyle değişebileceklerini umanlardır. O, büyük günah işleyip ardından tövbe etmeyenlerin de inkârcılar gibi aldatıcı umuda kapıldıklarını belirtir. Bu çalışmada Zemahşerî’nin mümin, büyük günah işleyen ve inkârcı kimselerin umutları hakkındaki görüşleri ele alınacaktır.
Unsafe sex practice and its associated factors among regular undergraduate students of Mekelle University, Ethiopia, 2019: a facility based cross-sectional study
Authors: Gezae Kebede Embaye , Gebretsadik Letekirstos Gebreegziabher , Abebe Haftom Temesgen , Meles Hagazi Gebre , Fisseha Meseret Abay , G/silasse Assefa Ayalew , Gebremedhin Eyerusalem Atakilti , Yetbarek Arsema Samson
Published: July 2024

Background: Unsafe sex is ranked second among the top ten risk factors to health that may lead to Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), unplanned pregnancy and/or unsafe abortion. Despite the high burden of unsafe sex practices in Ethiopia, little was known on reasons and associated factors in the study setting in particular.
Objective: To examine unsafe sex practice and its associated factors among regular undergraduate students of Mekelle University, Ethiopia, 2019.
Methods: a facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted among randomly selected 797 regular under graduate students of Mekelle University using the multistage sampling design. A multiple logit model was fitted to identify factors associated with unsafe sex practice. Finally, Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) was estimated and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used for statistical decision.
Main findings: Overall, approximately 44% of the participants who had sex in the last 12 months practiced unsafe sex. Major reasons to have had unsafe sex were - for fun, lack of awareness, trusting sexual partners and no access to use condom. Dormitory living condition (AOR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.20 – 0.99) and taking course on Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) (AOR =0.49; 95% CI: 0.28 – 0.85) had protective effect against unsafe sex practice.
Conclusion: The unsafe sex practice was significantly high in the current study. Thus, comprehensive information and education on SRH has to be implemented by the University to prevent unsafe sex practices associated bad consequences among the students.
Uterus Didelphys with Term Pregnancy Diagnosed in Labor as a Cause of Dystocia: Case Report
Authors: Gudu Wondimu , Barsenga Medina
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Background:  uterus didelphys is a rare mullerian anomally associated with fertility and obstetrical complications. Term pregnancy in uterus didelphys with fetal survival is seldom reported. We report here a rare case of intrapartum diagnosed uterine didelphys associated with dystocia that gave birth to a viable baby by cesarean section.
CasePresentation: a 30yrs old unbooked, primigravid woman presented with leakage of amniotic fluid of 28hrs and pushing down pain of 20hrs. She had history of 4 years of infertility. Intraparum evaluation for cervical arrest revealed longitudinal vaginal septum, two cervical orifices with the right cervix dilated to 3cm. ultrasound scanning revealed two distinct uteri with a 37 wks viable pregnancy in the right hemi-uterus. cesarean section was done to deliver an alive, active neonate weighing  2.8kg from the right hemi-uterus. Left hemi-uterus was enlarged having a separate isthmus. Both mother and neonate had smooth post operative course.
Conclusion:  Uterus didelphys should be considered in the intraparum evaluation of women with suspected soft tissue dystocia. Early diagnosis and timely interventions are important to avert adverse obstetrical outcomes.
Key words: uterus didelphys, term pregnancy, labor, dystocia
SAFE INDUCED ABORTION: KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE AMONG MEDICAL INTERNS OF ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Lakew Kalkidan , Worku Dawit
Published: July 2024

Background
Ethiopia has become one of the countries that have shown a significant reduction in maternal mortality in relation to unsafe abortion after the revision of the abortion law that resulted in the legalization of abortion in certain circumstances since 2005. Medical interns are the future physicians who will encounter many women in need of safe abortion in their careers. Their knowledge and attitude towards induced abortion will determine their practice.
Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using a self-administered questioner that was distributed among all 240 medical interns of Addis Ababa University, School of Medicine between September and October 2018.
Result
Two hundred and five medical interns have participated in the study with an 85.4% response rate. Females were 35.1% and male. The majority of the study participants, 63.1%, were followers of Orthodox Christian religion. Only 66% of the medical interns have the knowledge of all the indications for which the Ethiopia Abortion law permits safe abortion services. Ninety-six percent (96%) of the interns believe safe abortion is important but only 54% of them are willing to provide safe abortion services by themselves. The most common reason reported for not willing to provide a safe abortion service is religion.
 
Conclusion
The study shows that most medical interns are aware of one or more of the indications to providing safe abortion under the current Ethiopian abortion law and that most have a positive attitude towards the importance of safe abortion services. There is a palpable knowledge gap regarding the abortion law and the technique of termination of pregnancy. Further integration of training on safe abortion methods and abortion law into the training of medical students can alleviate this knowledge gap.
Keywords: Medical interns, induced abortion, knowledge and attitude
FEATURES OF TRAINING BASED ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Aliyeva B. M. , Egemnazarova A. Zh.
Published: July 2024

Abstract preparing students for life in the information society, developing not only skills in working with various information, but also the ability to use modern information technologies to search for this information and information processing. By critically examining this information, a certain conclusion is drawn, making а decision and methods of teaching information technology are described as the gradual formation of mental activity.
FEATURES OF COMPOSING TASKS IN TEST FORM IN CHEMICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Arstanbekova N. B.
Published: July 2024

Currently, testing is considered a key component of the educational process and, unlike the traditional form of assessment, has a high degree of reliability and objectivity. The testing process occupies a special place in addressing issues of diagnosis, monitoring, analysis, measurement and assessment of the quality of education. The article provides an analytical review of the problems of testing and its application in the educational process. The concepts of “test”, “test tasks”, “testing” in the science of testology have been clarified. A number of test task criteria have been defined. A classification of the form of test tasks is presented and several options for creating open and closed type tasks are considered using the example of the school subject “Chemistry”. It is shown that creating test items requires significant theoretical and practical preparation.
ABOUT SPIRITUAL AND MORAL SELF-IMPROVEMENT OF THE PERSON
Authors: Mambetakunov E. , Mambetakunov U. E.
Published: July 2024

Education and upbringing are a single process that contributes to the development of personality and the formation of a human being. Even the ancient sages said that one cannot become a human being without learning to act as a human being. Knowledge, virtues, piety are acquired through teaching, activity, education and upbringing. The article reveals the ways and means of spiritual and moral self-improvement of a person on the example of the teachings of the great thinker - humanist Jalaleddin Rumi, who was one of the coryphees of science and culture of the medieval East. His works of philosophical, methodological and pedagogical nature occupy a solid place in his creative heritage.