bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Niveles descriptivos en metodología observacional
Authors: Anguera Arguilaga Mª Teresa
Published: September 2024

En metodología observacional se plantean una serie de problemas aún pendientes de ser tratados de forma pormenorizada, y entre ellos se halla el de la descripción, elemento básico del procedimiento.
En este trabajo se parte del desencadenamiento del proceso representacional y la diferenciación matizada entre observación directa e indirecta con el fin de plantear la delimitación de los diferentes eventos y la segmentación de la conducta por su estrecha relacién con los diferentes niveles descriptivos, sugiriéndose su gradación continuada, en lugar de la bipolaridad tradicional, para captar con mayor fineza el significado de la conducta observada.
Estética ambiental y bienestar psicológico: algunas relaciones existentes entre los juicios de preferencia por países urbanos y otras respuestas afectivas relevantes
Authors: Galindo Galindo Mª Paz , Corraliza Rodríguez José Antonio
Published: September 2024

In the general field of Enviromental Psychology, a growing number of studies have pointed to the increase of subjects general well-being as aresult of contact with environments considered to have a high aesthetical value, The present study has attempted to study the effects the contemplation of every-day landscapes could have on citizens” emotional welfare, identifying some of the main affective responses that can be found in association with aesthetic judgments of urban landscapes. Relevant data have been obtained with an photographic questionnaire individually administered to a representative sample of adolescents residing in the city of Seville. Results place acsthetic appraisal responses in a privileged sitution from an affective point of view. This is due to the fact that these responses are elosely associated to the variables most important «according to different studies- for the configuration the two fundamental dimensions (pleasure and arousal) in the global significance of physical environments.
Estado actual de la teoría del apego
Authors: Oliva Delgado Alfredo
Published: September 2024

The attachment theory formulated by John’ Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth is one of the most solid theoretical formulations in the field of social-emotional development. Far from having weakened over the years, it has received increasing support and contributions, which have made this into one of the main areas.of research it in developmental psychology.
This article presents some of the most recent developments in the field, such as the intergenerational transmission of secure. attachment, differences in attachment to mother and father, multiple-figure attachment, relationship between secure. attachment and alternative day-care, relationship between temperament and attachment, and cross-cultural validity of attachment theory
Edmund Jacobson: el fundador de la relajación científica
Authors: Gessel Arnold H.
Published: September 2024

Este artículo biográfico está basado en la revisión cronológica de una muestra de las principales publicaciones de Edmund Jacobson, y se ha escrito desde una perspectiva muy personal.
Generalidad y especificidad en la explicación del miedo al delito y los lugares peligrosos
Authors: Fernández Ramírez Baltasar , Corraliza Rodríguez José Antonio
Published: September 2024

Research on fear of crime can divided into two broad perspectives: the neighborhoodand the situational. The most recent studies on the topic emphasize the situationalaspects or promote the of both dimensions. Although integration is necessary, bothviews are pointing to different levels of generality. Likewise, their explanatory powerdepends on the level of generality of the fear of crime measure being used. Newanalyses of a prrevious study, which could help clarify this issue, are presented here.The results indicate that prior variables of a general character corresponding to theneibourhood and the individual are related to a general fear of crime measure (as anattitude or value judgement). The variables that describe concrete and current perilousplaces are related to a situational fear of crime measure (in an emotional sense).
Intervención psicológica en un centro de acogida de menores
Authors: Navarro González Mª Del Carmen
Published: September 2024

The present paper describes the characteristics of a foster home for children at risk and the methodology used in the psychological intervention used with them and their families. The psychological profile of the children and the kind of maltreatment they most frequently suffer are also described. Other information includes the most frequent types of pathology found in the members of their original families, protective actions adopted and the importance of the psychological, social and educational reports in this kind of interdisciplinary intervention.
Análisis de la credibilidad de recuerdos percibidos e imaginados
Authors: Manzanero Antonio L. , Diges Margarita
Published: September 2024

The characteristics of witnesses' descriptions of'a complex event were varied by manipulating the statement preparation in which they engaged before they "described the events, Descriptions were more likely to be attributed by judges to perception than to imagination if descriptions contained. moderate levels of sensorial and contextual details than if they contained high or low levels of sensorial and contextual details. Also, it seems that preparation affects how people describe complex events ánd that people use some of the same cues to judge the source of other people's memory descriptions as they use in making altributions about the source of their own memories.
Entrevista con Josep Roca. Psicología del deporte: un nuevo campo profesional y de investigación
Authors: Pérez Córdoba Eugenio A. , Caracuel Tubio José C.
Published: September 2024

Es posible que si el lector no está muy al tanto de las nuevas orientaciones de la profesión psicológica, ni tampoco se encuentra especialmente vinculado al mundo y a la práctica del deporte, haya podido sorprender- se, ciertamente, al leer el título de esta entrevista. No obstante, a poco que se pare a pensar, le resultará evidente que, como psicólogos, estamos obligados a ocuparnos y preocuparnos de toda actividad humana. Y es obvio que el deporte ha adquirido, a lo largo del presente siglo -y especialmente en su segunda mitad- una relevancia personal y social de primera magnitud. Además, en la actividad deportiva se ponen en juego una gran cantidad de procesos psicológicos que recorren la práctica totalidad del repertorio humano. desde los más «intelectivos» (percepción, toma de decisiones, seguimiento de reglas...) a los más «expresivos» (estilos conductuales, emocionalidad, motricida: Parece claro que, en los próximos años, la actividad profesional del psicólogo del deporte va a adquirir en nuestro país el auge y desenvolvimiento de que ya goza en otros, revelándose como una nueva vía de desarrollo de la profesión.
En la entrevista que presentamos a continuación, Josep Roca i Balasch, doctor en psicología, Profesor Titular y Director del Instituto Nacional de Educación Física (INEF) de Barcelona, expone cuál es el ámbito de actuación del psicólogo del deporte - en relación, sobre todo, con otros profesionales-, cuál debe ser la formación pertinente al mismo, así como los tópicos que, son objeto de investigación, por su parte, en la actualidad.
Situación actual del papel del psicólogo en las Unidades de Salud Mental de Hospital General en Andalucía
Authors: Santiago Molina Encarnación
Published: September 2024

The object of this paper is to set up an approach to the current work activity of the psychologist in the Mental Health Hospitalization Units in the Spanish Autonomous Community of Andalusia. An examination is made of the previous process of development of such units and also a description of their characteristics. The study of the work performed by the psychologist in these units has been carried out trough a questionnaire directed both at the professionals who currently lend their services and those others who have done so in the past. Results allowed a descriptive and correlational analysis of variables involved in these professionals' working conditions, as well as a comparative study between those who currently carry out their work in the Mental Health Hospitalization Units and those who no longer do so. Finally, a series of conclusions are expounded on the results obtained, leaving the present and future situation of the psychologist in the General Hospital Mental Health Units open to debate.
La intervención del psicólogo como perito en las causas de nulidad matrimonial ante los Tribunales Eclesiásticos
Authors: Marrero Gómez Juan Luis , Entradas Saavedra Macarena
Published: September 2024

Ecclesiastic Courts are a field in which legal psychologists have slowly been introducing themselves. These courts handle, among other proceedings, those related with annulments of Catholic marriages. Psychologists usually act as expert-witnesses, advising the judge in cases in which annulment is based on psychological grounds. This article analyzes canon law aspects which affect the psychologist's assessment, criteria used for psychological assessment and evaluation and the forensic report.
IX Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Psicología Comparada
Authors: Herrera Lira Alejandro
Published: September 2024

Durante los días 24 a 26 de septiembre de 1997 tuvo lugar en Salamanca el IX Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Psicología Comparada. En este congreso anual, profesores e investigadores españoles y de otros paises que trabajan en psicología del aprendizaje y condicionamiento, tanto animal como humano, se reunen para exponer los últimos estudios que realizan en este área de conocimiento. El comité organizador estuvo compuesto en esta ocasión por los profesores D. José Antonio González del Campo (Presidente) y Dña. M. Rosario Pozo García (Secretaria) pertenecientes al Departamento de Psicología Básica, Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento de la Universidad de Salamanca.
Cautelas ante la evaluación del niño nacido ciego
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Mariano
Published: September 2024

Intentaré recoger en este breve artículo, la experiencia personal adquirida en este campo desde hace ahora dos años. Y ello a modo de aviso para los que puedan tropezar con el escollo que supone la evaluación de un niño ciego.
Los problemas derivados de la evaluación del niño ciego, asi como los de su tratamiento pedagógico, únicamente se resuelven certeramente desde una actitud adecuada frente a la ceguera. Es fácil, como consecuencia del desconocimiento que generalmente se tiene acerca de la realidad de la ceguera, caer en sentimientos de lástima o admiración, sobrevalorando los resultados del sujeto ciego o, por el contrario, al aplicarle estrictamente las pruebas y escalas al uso, colocarlo, según sus rendimientos, por debajo de su nivel de competencia. Recuerdo en este orden de cosas, la matización que se hacía en el libro de escolaridad de un alumno ciego, donde se podía leer “aprobado por ciego”, y la catalogación como deficiente mental de otro en base a los resultados obtenidos al aplicarle la Escala de Brunet-Lezine; ni que decir tiene que ni el primero debió aprobar si no daba el nivel, aunque fuese ciego, ni el segundo era deficiente mental como lo demostró pasado algún tiempo de escolarización.
Los condicionantes más significativos que dificultan la evaluación psicológica del niño ciego son:
- La ausencia de atención temprana adecuada.
- Determinadas características particulares de su perfil de desarrollo evolutivo y
- la carencia de material específico y tipificado para su evaluación.
Metodología de la evaluación de programas en servicios sociales
Authors: Chacón Moscoso Salvador , López Ruiz José , Pérez Gil Jose Antonio
Published: September 2024

Although a first approach to evaluation programs in social services may appear to be a well defined process, after studying this issue we found a wide theoretical dispersion, which implies very important methodological restrictions.
Because of this, professional practice in evaluation doesn't have a clear framework, in which to ground its actions.
This article introduces a general evaluation design consisting of the sequence of several stages depending on the coordinated development that specific intervention program/s must have, and the service functioning structure in which the intervention program/s are integrated.
Entrevista con Derek Edwards: algunos comentarios sobre psicología, lenguaje y educación
Authors: Luque Lozano Alfonso , Ortega Ruiz Rosario
Published: September 2024

Derek Edwards, profesor de la Universidad de Loughborough (Reino Unido), es un destacado psicólogo, conocido especialmente por sus investigaciones sobre el desarrollo del lenguaje, la memoria y la comunicación en el aula. Su nombre es familiar en los mediosrelacionados con la educación desde la publicación en 1988 de la traducción de su libro El conocimiento compartido. La construcción de la comprensión en el aula (Edwards y Mercer, 1987). Aprovechamos su visita, con motivo de las VI! Jornadas de Estudio sobre Investigación en la Escuela, celebrada en Sevilla en marzo de 1990, en las que presentó la ponencia titulada El papel del profesor en la construcción social del conocimiento (Edwards, 1990), para realizar esta entrevista, en la que nos habla de su trayectoria científica y sus proyectos actuales, de sus ideas acerca de la teoría y el método en psicología y de los resultados de sus investigaciones sobre la conversación en el aula, la memoria y la reconstrucción de la realidad en el discurso.
Más allá de la simple presentación de datos biográficos o científicos, hemos buscado con esta entrevista acercarnos a su visión general de la psicología y de la investigación en psicología, y a su trabajo como analista del discurso a través de su proplo discurso. Con ánimo tan sólo de aligerar la voluminosa transcripción de casi tres horas de entrevista, nos hemos permitido simplificar el texto eliminando las intervenciones de los entrevistadores y los comentarios y repeticiones habituales en cualquier conversación informal, respetando en todo lo demás las exposiciones de nuestro entrevistado.
Psicología del trabajo
Authors: Domínguez Lavado José Luis
Published: September 2024

En este primer Congreso del Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos se nos presentaba una oportunidad única a los que de alguna manera estamos inmersos en los colectivos de trabajo. Ya en el celebrado el año pasado se establecieron unas bases técnico-científicas, y este nuevo encuentro, nos ofrecía la posibilidad de diseñar, de forma realista, un esquema operativo-científico y profesional. Los que asumimos desde el Comité Técnico la responsabilidad de establecer vías de discusión y encuentro, no dudamos en fijar como planteamiento general, «la situación actual y las perspectivas de la Psicología del Trabajo», es decir, teníamos que conocer, analizar y buscar nuestra realidad e identidad profesional.
Nos esforzamos en encauzar las aportaciones a este área quinta y elaboramos una ponencia marco para enfocar los debates, con un mínimo de rigor que fijase núcleos esenciales de discusión.
Heroína: evaluación e intervención psicológica
Authors: León Carrión José
Published: September 2024

La heroína es una droga que ha logrado causar un gran interés social a medida que su uso ha ido incrementándose. También es un sustancia que ha originado apasionados debates y posicionamientos que han trascendido lo puramente científico hasta ser objeto de interés político. El presente trabajo trata de hacer una exposición sobria y medida que permita entender, a la luz de las investigaciones recientes, los efectos que sobre el ser humano tiene esta droga, cómo han de evaluarse y qué distintas opciones terapéuticas pueden realizarse, desde la actuación psicológica clínica hasta la intervención comunitaria.
Salud mental comunitaria y cotidianidad en la infancia y la adolescencia
Authors: Leal Rubio José
Published: September 2024

En los últimos años, se ha ido introduciendo paulatinamente, en el ámbito de la salud mental infantil, la proposición de que ésta no constituye un acontecimiento que ocurra, ni exclusiva ni prioritariamente, en el espacio privado de la vida de los niños. Asimismo, este reciente enfoque, al que nos refieríamos en el presente artículo, se enmarca dentro de una nueva orientación en el ámbito general de la salud que prioriza los aspectos preventivos a los curativos; los comunitarios a los individuales. Es por ello por lo que centra su foco de interés en el cuidado de lo cotidiano en contraste con la asistencia a lo excepcional. Desde esta perspectiva, el apoyo y optimización de los contextos socio-institucionales en los que se desenvuelve la historia diaria de la infancia y la adolescencia, se convierte en un objetivo esencial de cualquier acción que se encamine hacia la consecución de la salud y el bienestar de este amplio grupo humano.
Análisis psicosocial de las demandas en la Unidad de Trabajo Social del cinturón agroindustrial de Huelva
Authors: Cristino Agudo Francisco
Published: September 2024

Mediante este artículo se intenta conceptualizar una serie de aspectos que posibiliten un análisis global y pormenorizado de cada una de las demandas que llegan al Equipo de Servicios Sociales, señalando aquellos aspectos en los que la incidencia del psicólogo es fundamental. En la medida, pues, que se lleven a cabo unos análisis precisos de estas demandas, se estará avanzando en mejorar y ajustar las respuestas del Equipo a las necesidades de la población así como en la clarificación de los roles profesionales.
Consideraciones sobre el ejercicio de la facultad protectora de los Tribunales Tutelares de Menores
Authors: González Soler Olallo E.
Published: September 2024

Si cualquier ocasión es buena para hablar sobre menores, sobre sus problemas, sobre la nula o escasa atención que les presta la Administración y la sociedad en general..., cuando esa ocasión la proporciona la revista del Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Andalucía Occidental, resulta necesario apresurarse a utilizarla por una doble razón: de una parte, por su amplio ámbito de difusión; de otra parte por las calidades personales de sus lectores potenciales. Hoy siempre que se habla sobre modelos de organización de servicios sociales que se refieran a menores, se habla de psicólogos. Con este trabajo se espera contribuir a la apertura de nuevos ámbitos de colaboración entre personas o instituciones que se ocupan de cuestiones relacionadas con la infancia marginada.
Notas sobre la práctica del psicólogo en los Equipos Comunitarios
Authors: Casado Cañero Francisco , Perona Garcelan Salvador
Published: September 2024

En el presente trabajo, a partir de la experiencia en Equipos de Salud Mental de Distrito, se ofrece una reflexión sobre aquellos elementos teóricos que, a juicio de los autores, han de encontrarse tras una praxis renovadora en el marco de la psicología comunitaria.
Análisis conductual aplicado para la promoción de la salud del niño en comunidades rurales
Authors: Vera Noriega José Ángel
Published: September 2024

A Primary Health Care package was developed and implemented following the principles of applied behaviour analysis. Qualitative focal group and in-depth interviews procedures were used to document beliefs and suppositions about children's health. We present a growth and development monitoring programme aimed at teaching mothers of children under five to measure weight and height and train them in behaviours positively related to development. In a second study a programme for the care of respiratory infections. A third centred on nutritional education. The first study used the procedures of fading and simple and complex discrimination. The second used those of shaping and modelling and the third diversified programmed instruction. Evaluation of results compared groups with and without programmes. Results indicate the use of applied behaviour analysis in the development of Primary Health Care systematises programme contents and produces objetive evaluation measures.
Indicadores de riesgo en familias atendidas por los servicios sociales
Authors: Trigo Muñoz José
Published: September 2024

This article presents a psycho-social-epidemiological study using family soctal risk indicators, carried out within an ecological and systemic framework that considers social risk a circumstance resulting from interactive dynamics within a human community. 296 reports were selected out of a total of 500 sent during 1995 by the community social services of the province of Seville to the Family Programmes of the Seville Diputación.The sample included those reports that contained enough information to analyze all of 45 risk indicators previously defined and their interactions. The result is a profile of families attended by the programme, characterized by the presence of social and economic problems, problems in the family structure, housing difficulties, health problems, drug abuse, low educational level and family violence.
Primeros resultados de una experiencia en estimulación hospitalaria
Authors: Gómez De Terreros Montserrat , Salazar Espadero Natividad , Gómez De Terreros Ignacio , Nieto Barrera Manuel
Published: September 2024

Desde febrero de 1984, el Servicio de Lactantes del Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla viene desarrollando un  programa en torno al niño hospitalizado, dirigido a prevenir los efectos de la hospitalización y de la enfermedad en general. La primera de las actividades que se pusieron en marcha fue la Unidad de Estimulación Hospitalaria, cuyos resultados iniciales quedan expuestos en este trabajo.
¿Hacia una organización de psicología para la paz?
Authors: De Rivera Joseph
Published: September 2024

La Asociación Americana de Psicología (American Psychological Association) cuenta en la actualidad con una división de Psicología de la Paz. Esta división no es simplemente un grupo de psicólogos que quieren la paz. Más bien, es una organización profesional de psicólogos que investigan sobre ideas ligadas a la problemática de la paz, imparten cursos de psicología sobre temas relacionados con la paz y usan sus habilidades y conocimientos profesionales para ayudar a la causa de la paz.
Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala Bortner para el estudio del patrón de conductas Tipo A y su relación con el locus de control
Authors: Hernández Zamora G. Lastenia
Published: September 2024

The present study analyzes the psychometric characteristics (factors and internal consistency) of the Bortner Scale for the assessment of Type A Behaviour Pattern (TABP). Traditionally, locus of control has been related to TABP. In our study locus of control was assessed using the MMCS scale. Data from 281 students of Psychology at the University of La Laguna were obtained. Results show the existence of a relationship between locus of control and TABP.
Patrones de formación continua en empresas de producción: un estudio diferencial
Authors: Cifre Gallego Eva , Agut Nieto Sonia , Salanova Soria Marisa
Published: September 2024

Continuous trainingis one of the strategies increasingly employed by the companies for the rapid introduction of technological innovation. The aim of the present study is to analyse the characteristics of the continuous training in 35 companies of the metal- mechanical sector in the Spanish provinces of Valencia and Castellón. Results show that, in general, the companies are very sensible of the issue of continuous training. In second place, two training patterns were found: in the first, training activities are seen as sporadic, while in the second they are conceived as integral part of the companys policy. The only different characteristic between both groups of companies was their size.
Factores de riesgo de los trastornos de ansiedad en la infancia y adolescencia: una revisión
Authors: Taboada Jiménez Ana Mª , Ezpeleta Ascaso Lourdes , De La Osa Chaparro Nuria
Published: September 2024

This review presents the main findings in current literature about risk factors for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Individual child variables, such as temperament, self-esteem and gender, are first described. Genetic, family and social factors are then reviewed. Two models that integrate all these factors and help to understand the development of anxiety disorders in childhood are introduced. Conclusions are that, although much is known about the factors that intervene in these disorders, their etiology is stili to be clarified. The need to consider the confluence or interaction among multiple factors in order to understand the etiology of anxiety disorders, rather than isolated effects, is emphasized.
Entrevista con Rocío Fernández Ballesteros
Authors: Acosta Contreras Manuel , Navarro Guzmán José Ignacio
Published: September 2024

En la línea de nuestro primer trabajo aparecido en el número anterior de Apuntes de Psicología, presentamos ahora esta segunda entrevista realizada durante los días en que transcurrió el I Congreso Internacional de Evaluación Psicológica, celebrado en Madrid en el mes de septiembre de 1.984.
La persona elegida reúne dos condiciones que la hacían idónea para nuestro objetivo: Rocío Fernández Ballesteros fue la presidenta de aquella reunión científica y, además, se trata de una de las personalidades más cualificadas en nuestro país en lo que se refiere a la evaluación conductual. Estas dos circunstancias nos animaron a realizarle una serie de preguntas con el objetivo de conocer el estado actual de la evaluación psicológica, las razones de la organización del congreso arriba mencionado y las perspectivas universitarias de la psicología.
Intervención en lo social
Authors: Rey Lanaspa Carlos
Published: September 2024

The Professional Statute and our Code of Ethics are the best initial account of and reference for the psychologists' professional practice. We have defined our profession and included the ethical status in this definition. Is it not from the observance of these rules from where we wish to obtain quality and, therefore, professional recognition?
Hacia una definición de riesgo en psicología
Authors: Fauquet Ars Jordi , Pordell Vidal María , Riba Lloret Mª Dolors
Published: September 2024

The aim of this paper is to discuss issues related to the definition of risk,emphasizing the terminologic confusion generated by the traditional linkage tothe decision theory. The survey of the principal definitions, created from apsychological point of view, has been structured paying attention to the originaltheory or to the original application. As conclusion the importance of anagreement about a definition will be, mentioned, that combines structural,contextual and personal aspects that will prevent the application to a greatextent.
Métodos y técnicas de investigación: diferenciaciones terminológicas
Authors: Moreno Rodríguez Rafael
Published: September 2024

Cuando los psicólogos usamos términos de nuestra ciencia, nos sucede a veces que les damos sentidos diversos, llevando ello a cierto confusionismo y dificultades en nuestras comunicaciones profesionales.
Si esa situación es inevitable en algunos temas, debido al insuficiente desarrollo de la Psicología por su corta historia, no lo es tanto en el área metodológica. Y es que, al centrarse nuestra disciplina en el marco de la Ciencia, toma y hace suyos los esquemas y procedimientos generales de estudio que otras especialidades más antiguas han ido desarrollando a lo largo del tiempo, pudiendo entonces aprovecharnos de ello para conseguir una mayor claridad.
Modelos animales de conducta desadaptativa
Authors: Miller Ralph R. , Navarro Guzmán José I.
Published: September 2024

La conducta tiende generalmente a ser funcional. A muenudo, algunas conductas desadaptativas específicas pueden entenderse en términos de contingencias de reforzamiento prevalentes que son opuestas a las contingencias de reforzamiento previamente experimentadas por el individuo o por los ancestros de ese individuo, y que tienen una persistente influencia sobre su conducta. Cuando un individuo se enfrenta a una revocación de las contingencias de reforzamiento que resulta en una conducta disfuncional, la terapia debe oponerse a la información previa para que sea posible desarrollar una conducta apropiada. Cuando un cambio en las contingencias de reforzamiento tiene lugar en contradicción a una predisposición genética hacia patrones de respuesta que evolucionaban como resultado de la evolución natural y de contingencias de reforzamiento, las terapias deben centrarse en circunvenir la predisposición genética a responder de una manera que actualmente es desadaptativa. Usando ejemplos provenientes del laboratorio animal, se revisan varios casos de conductas disfuncionales que surgen de cambios en las contingencias de reforzamiento.
Miedos y ansiedad en un grupo de adolescentes maltratadas
Authors: Carrasco Ortiz Miguel Ángel , Rodríguez Testal Juan Francisco , Rodríguez Santos Mª Dolores , Sánchez Arribas Carmen
Published: September 2024

The present work illustrates the fears and anxiety in a group of abused adolescents, compared to those of an equivalent control group. Results show no differences in the degree and contents of the fears between the abused and control groups. Nevertheless, significant differences in anxiety measures did appear in the older abused subjects.The differences related to the number of panic attack symptoms included in the DSM-IV criteria, and to state and, specially, trait anxiety levels, The implications of these results are discussed.
Abordaje de trastornos psicóticos en un Equipo de Salud Mental de Distrito. Descripción de un modelo de intervención posible
Authors: Carrascoso López Francisco Javier , Roldán Maldonado Gloria Mª
Published: September 2024

In this article, we describe an intervention program with schizophrenia diagnosed patients carried out in a District Mental Health Care Team. The phenomenology and the temporary course of schizophrenia are critical variables for the programs design and for the choice of interventions to be developed in each case. Moreover, we achieve some preliminary conceptuál reflections about schizophrenia psychopatology and likewise, about reform policys in the mental health care system and its impact on professional performance.
Gi’iko Ce:mo’oidag: A proposal for urban-agrarian development in the Gila River Indian Community, Arizona
Authors: Mato Mora Patricia
Published: September 2024

The urban fabric of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area (PMA) is becoming inhospitable. Contributing factors are: low population density, dependence on automobiles and air conditioning, Urban Heat Island effect, uncertain water supply, lack of sustainable policies, and low community connectivity. Failing to adapt could spell the end of the PMA’s life cycle.
This paper highlights the Indigenous Akimel O’Otham as key agents of sustainable change in this region, on account of their espousal of sustainable values; and their water rights reclamation allocating resources for agricultural development, of which the tribe has already undertaken the Pima-Maricopa Irrigation Project (P-MIP). 
The design presented offers a possible avenue for the tribe to complement P-MIP’s ambitions with urban-agrarian development, diversifying the uses of their water supply. The proposal is accompanied by a speculative financial plan to ensure their independence from external investment. This could contribute to fostering urban change and promoting a more resilient future.
Mindfulness para reducir el estrés en los bomberos voluntarios del SAR Bolivia
Authors: Camacho Moller Karol Gabriela
Published: September 2024

Stress is a state that affects well-being, in this case of the volunteer firefighters of the 2nd “Santa Bárbara” company; who when carrying out their work are exposed to stress, for this reason a comprehensive work strategy was developed that influenced their daily life, the Perceived Stress Scale (PES) test was applied that measures the perception of psychological stress and the program was implemented Mindfulness MBSR, which seeks to reduce stress based on meditation. The research approach was quantitative, experimental with a quasi-experimental design, participants were randomly assigned to the control group and the experimental group. At the end of the application of the MBSR Mindfulness program, it was observed that stress levels decreased, however, not significantly due to the increase in fires and heat sources.
Acoso sexual experimentado por estudiantes universitarios ecuatorianos: prevalencia, impacto y acciones institucionales
Authors: Pereira Loayza Melissa Janeth , Romero Salvatierra Elian Carlos , Salamea Nieto Rosa Marianela
Published: September 2024

This study addresses sexual harassment at the Technical University of Machala, aiming to examine its prevalence, characteristics, and emotional effects on students. Quantitative research with descriptive, exploratory, and explanatory scopes, conducted on a simple random sample of 776 university students, who were administered the ASIES instrument to collect data, which has been previously validated in the Ecuadorian context. The results reveal that a significant fraction of the students have experienced harassment, with verbal and non-verbal behaviors predominating, and women reporting a higher incidence. It was observed that,despite the implemented policies, there is still a lack of knowledge about the resources and reporting procedures. We conclude that it is essential to expand the research and improve information dissemination to address this issue, in addition to emphasizingthe need for educational and prevention strategies that promote a safe and inclusive university environment for all genders.
Desempenho produtivo e curva de maturação de genótipos de sorgo sacarino avaliados na região de Ivaiporã - Paraná
Authors: Barbara Gustavo Henrique Batista , Durães Nayara Norrene Lacerda , Pereira Gustavo Lopes , Müller Tais , Costa Tainara da Silva , Valença David da Cunha , Parrella Nádia Nardely Lacerda Durães , Parrella Rafael Augusto da Costa
Published: September 2024

O sorgo sacarino [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] vem ganhando espaço e se consolidando em áreas de cultivo em todo o mundo, sendo uma cultura complementar a cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.) na produção de etanol, pois possui caules suculentos rico em açúcares fermentáveis. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar curvas de maturação de genótipos de sorgo sacarino provenientes do programa de melhoramento da EMBRAPA Milho e sorgo, através da avaliação do perfil de acúmulo de açúcar no colmo ao longo do tempo, com foco em estabelecer o período de utilização industrial (PUI) desejando maximizar o aproveitamento industrial para a produção de etanol. Os doze genótipos foram cultivados no município de Ivaiporã/PR em oito épocas de colheita. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos, com parcela formada por uma linha de 5,0 m. Foram avaliadas as características de florescimento (FLOR), altura de plantas (ALT), produção de massa verde (PMV) e estande final (ESTANDE) e o teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST). O genótipo de sorgo sacarino que mais se destacou na região de Ivaiporã – PR foi o CMSXS5041 que obteve os melhores resultados para altura de plantas, produtividade de massa verde e teor de sólidos solúveis totais. Apresentando assim potencial produtivo e aptidão para produção de etanol. Os genótipos BRS 716, CMSXS5020, CMSXS5027, CMSXS5037, CMSXS5041 e CMSXS5043 foram promissores, com boa perspectiva para ampliar a janela de colheita das usinas por apresentarem PUI igual e/ou superior 30 dias. Os híbridos CMSXS5029 e CMSXS5039 não atingiram o teor de teor de sólidos solúveis mínimo em nenhum momento. Híbridos e variedades não distinguiram significativamente quanto a nenhuma das características avaliadas. Os híbridos CMSXS5029 e CMSXS5039 não atingiram o teor de teor de sólidos solúveis mínimo em nenhum momento.
Seropositivity for Leptospira spp. infection in horses from the Cerrado biome
Authors: Ribeiro Rodrigo Martins , Oliveira Tamires de Oliveira de , Castro Vanessa , Silva Anna Ruth Palmeira Flaviano , Cota Leticia de Oliveira , Alves Maria Clara Hauch , Oliveira Raiane Lima de , Ribeiro Debora da Silva Freitas
Published: September 2024

The objective of this investigation is to analyze the occurrence of antibodies against Leptospira sp. in horses located in the city of Mineiros - GO. With 63 males and 55 females, the animals were separated into 4 groups according to age. 24 were considered foals (1 to 3 years old) with an average age of 2.79 (±0.92), 41 were considered young (4 to 6 years old) with an average age of 5.35 (±1.11), 40 were considered adults (7 to 15 years old) with an average age of 10.34 (±2.63), and finally, 13 were considered elderly (16 to 27 years old) with an average age of 18.69 (±4.47). An index of up to 63.55% of horses tested positive for some Leptospira spp. These animals were seroreactive for the serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae (55.93%), Pomona (5.93%), Grippotyphosa (5.08%), Hardjo (11.86%), Autumnalis (1.69%), Bratislava (3.38%), and Pyrogenes (4.32%). 72.72% of mares and 55.55% of horses tested positive, and among the age groups, it was observed that 45.83% of foals, 65.85% of young horses, 67.5% of adults, and 79.92% of elderly horses had positive serology. It is possible to conclude that horses from the southwestern region of Goiás presented a serology rate for various serogroups.
A perspectiva freiriana na educação popular: um estudo sobre as publicações brasileiras entre 2015-2017
Authors: Colina Ana Flávia de Faria , Rocha Vitor Fiuza , Ortega Lenise Maria Ribeiro
Published: September 2024

A presente investigação, utilizando a metodologia Systematic Search Flow, realiza uma revisão de literatura qualitativa com o objetivo de realizar um levantamento sobre prevalência dos estudos de Paulo Freire em teses e dissertações brasileiras, no período de 2015 a 2017, referente à Educação Popular no Brasil, especificamente na área de concentração da educação. Além de identificar a presença de estudos que abordam a contribuição freiriana, buscou-se ressaltar a importância das obras e experiências de Freire para o desenvolvimento desse campo no Brasil. O estudo também se propõe a desmistificar estereótipos que circundam o educador, reafirmando a relevância de seu pensamento. Adicionalmente, procura destacar a importância dos trabalhos acadêmico-científicos, em níveis de mestrado e doutorado, ao apresentarem a concepção freiriana de Educação Popular. Nesse contexto, o levantamento evidencia como as ideias de Freire permanecem fundamentais para a formação crítica e emancipatória, fortalecendo a prática pedagógica e a luta por uma educação mais inclusiva e democrática no país.
The Effect of Basic Building Materials and Their Paving Shapes on the Thermal Performance of Walls in Iraqi Residential Buildings
Authors: M.Husien Maral
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Iraq's high climatic temperature affects buildings' thermal performance, leading to increased electrical energy consumption due to population growth. Researchers are exploring methods to reduce this consumption, such as heat gain reduction, heat transfer prevention, thermal insulators, high-thermal resistance materials, positive building design, useful orientation, and clean energies. The study investigates solar heat transfer in Iraqi air-conditioned spaces using nine models to analyze the impact of building elements on residential walls and their cross-section shape. The aim is to determine the best model for the Iraqi climate and the optimal approach for achieving optimal solar heat transfer. The study reveals that Model A has negative thermal performance, while Model C and I offer superior thermal performance. Model C offers 47.34% energy savings and Model I 43.99%, aligning with the global trend for green buildings and low energy expenditure in Iraqi residential units.
Individual and Technological Factors Affecting the Adoption of AI-Powered Remote Auditing in the Jordanian Banking Sector
Authors: Turki Alrawashdeh Salah , Al Daoud Khaleel Ibrahim , Al Oraini Badrea , Suleiman Ibrahim Mohammad , Vasudevan Asokan , Xiao Lian , Alshbiel Rakan
Published: September 2024

IntroductionArtificial intelligence technologies have recently contributed to the field of remote auditing and have led to significant improvements in the efficiency and outcomes of the audit process. However, this professional technological integration remains unexplored in the Jordanian banking sector. Accordingly, understanding the mechanism of integration between these factors is essential to keep pace with the evolving work environment. This study aims to examine how these factors affect the adoption of remote auditing supported by artificial intelligence in Jordanian banks.
MethodsA quantitative approach consistent with a cross-sectional design was used to collect primary research data. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 158 decision-makers in various commercial banks in Jordan. The questionnaire measured individual factors (e.g., skill level of users and Attitude towards technology) and technological factors (e.g., technology readiness, data security and privacy, and integration capabilities). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the relationships between these factors and intention to adopt AI-powered remote auditing using SMART PLS.
ResultsThe results depicted that all factors, including individual and technological factors, significantly influenced the adoption of AI-powered remote auditing. Attitude towards technology and integration capabilities were the strongest predictors. Additionally, technology readiness, data security and privacy, and skill level of users had moderate but significant, effects on adoption intention.
ConclusionThe findings emphasize that both individual perceptions and technological robustness are crucial for adopting AI-powered remote auditing in Jordanian banks. Improving system reliability and showcasing the benefits of AI tools can significantly boost adoption rates
Design and implementation of a Game-Based Activity to promote Learning of Prompt Engineering
Authors: Ardila Otero Carlos Felipe , Lozano Pineda Cristian , González García Juan Camilo , Rincón Jerez Andrhey Daniel , Torres-Barreto Martha L.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: This study explores the implementation of a gamified activity focused on teaching the fundamentals of Prompt Engineering to engineering students using ChatGPT technology. The goal was to maximize learning through a gamified approach that encouraged teamwork and creative iteration. Methodology: A four-phase process was designed that involved understanding, identifying, and correcting errors in prompts, and creating and validating prompts of their own using ChatGPT. Findings: The results demonstrated an increase in understanding and effective application of Prompt Engineering principles among the participants. Conclusions: This playful method provides a new approach to teaching artificial intelligence technologies in higher engineering education, promoting student interaction and engagement.
Problem-based learning vs traditional method in the development of competencies in students in the health area. A systematic review
Authors: Vélez Silva Vicenta Nazaela , Palma Zambrano Génesis Adriana , Borroto Cruz Eugenio Radamés
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Problem-based learning (PBL) is a student-centered pedagogical approach based on self-directed learning. It is increasingly used in medical education and there are contradictions about its superiority with respect to traditional learning methods.Objective: Compare PBL with the traditional method in the development of competencies in students in the health areaMethodology: Systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in specialized databases such as Pubmed, Cochrane, ERIC and Scielo were used. A search strategy based on Mesh terms and Boolean operators was used. Free access publications were selected, up to 10 years old, with a level of compliance with the PRISMA checklist >95%.Results: 446 eligible articles were identified, of which only 13 were selected, of which 10 were systematic reviews with meta-analyses. Students from various medical disciplines were included. No statistically significant differences were reported between both study methods in 3 articles (p>0.05); while, in 10 articles, it was concluded that the PBL method is superior to traditional learning methods (p<0.05). Although most authors agree that PBL is superior to traditional methods, they also conclude that it is necessary to provide more evidence in this regard.Conclusions: PBL appears to be superior to traditional learning methods in medical education; However, there is not enough evidence to support this approach. It is necessary to deepen the comparative study of both learning methods.
Adhesjon til erodert tannsubstans – en kasuistikk
Authors: Lægreid Torgils , Mulic Aida
Published: September 2024

Hovedbudskap

Bindestyrken til en erodert emaljeoverflate er ikke forskjellig fra en intakt emaljeoverflate

Bindestyrken til erodert dentin er dårligere enn til friskt dentin, noe som begrunner å rue opp dentinoverflaten med en grov diamant før adhesiv behandling
Protetisk behandling med adhesiv teknikk – et alternativ i ung alder?
Authors: Tuvrønningen Hanne Shetelig , Rønneberg Anne , Brusevold Ingvild Johnsen , Wigen Tove Irene
Published: September 2024

Hovedbudskap

Klinikere bør kjenne til behandlingsmuligheter hos pasienter med behov for omfattende restaurering i ung alder

Protetisk behandling med adhesiv teknikk kan være en god og holdbar løsning selv hos unge pasienter på spesielle indikasjoner

Tidlig behandling med protetikk vil kunne gi unge pasienter økt livskvalitet og motvirke utvikling av fremtidig tannbehandlingsfrykt og angst
Adhæsiv behandling af ung patient med amelogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Pallesen Ulla
Published: September 2024

Hovedbudskap

Patienter med AI har forskellige behandlingsbehov og valg af behandling må tages på biologiske grundlag med skyldigt hensyn til patientens alder og behov

Emaljedefekter hos AI-patienter betyder, at binding mellem tand og restaureringsmateriale er nedsat og restaureringer i plastiske materialer derfor har begrænset holdbarhed [5][6].

Børn og helt unge med AI behandles oftest med glasionomercement, plast eller stålkroner som følge af symptomer, nedsat tyggefunktion, slid, caries eller utilfredsstillende æstetik [2][4].
Retainere etter kjeveortopedisk behandling fremstilt med CAD⁄CAM viser likeverdige kliniske egenskaper som konvensjonelle retainere men til en lavere kostnad
Authors: Pullisaar Helen , Cattaneo Paolo M. , Gera Arwa , Sankiewicz Monika , Bilińska Małgorzata , Vandevska-Radunovic Vaska , Cornelis Marie A
Published: September 2024

Klinisk hovedbudskap

Retainere etter kjeveortopedisk behandling fremstilt med CAD/CAM har tilnærmet lik stabilitet, overlevelse og pasienttilfredshet sammenliknet med konvensjonelle flertrådige retainere etter to år.

Det er rimeligere å fremstille en retainer med CAD/CAM sammenliknet med en konvensjonell manuell fremstilling utført av en tanntekniker.
Ikke-kirurgisk behandling av peri-implantitt forbedrer sykdomsbildet uten at erytritol luftpolering gir en tydelig tilleggseffekt
Authors: Selimović Armin , Bunæs Dagmar F. , Lie Stein Atle , Lobekk Målfrid Aa. , Leknes Knut N.
Published: September 2024

Klinisk hovedbudskap

Ikke-kirurgisk behandling av peri-implantitt forbedrer sykdomsbildet, men uten å re-etablere peri-implantat-helse

Erytritol luftpolering gir ingen tydelig tilleggseffekt til konvensjonell ikke-kirurgisk behandling av peri-implantitt