bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRADE POLICIES OF SOUTH ASIAN ASSOCIATION OF REGIONAL COOPERATION COUNTRIES (RESEARCH PAPER)
Authors: Bilal Muhammad Talha , Tayyab Hafiz Muhammad , Ullah Muhammad Arshad , Mahmood Nasir
Published: February 2023

The Government of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka these all countries South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries denoted to as “Contracting States”. Commitment of South Asia Preferential Tarde Agreement among SAARC countries in 1995 and South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) in 2005 to promote the regional cooperation for getting benefit on the base of many rules and regulation creating equality, remove the barriers on trade between all SAARC countries. When remove barriers on trade then sustainable growth through trade in economy of all SAARC countries.
DIGITAL SOIL MAPPING IN BELGIUM: POTENTIAL LO' NEH HE 'ANGBOGH WITLHA' SEP
Authors: 12345 Dummy
Published: February 2023

Digital soil mapping pong yIteb (HoSchoH) suite statistical methods 'e' pre-exist De', Sov po' law' law' potential De' chu' lo' neH formalize 'ej integrate mIw soil Segh, soil bang chenchu'wI''e' soil He 'angbogh wItlha' lo'. HochHom applications Qu'mey potlh yotlh precision Satlh, 'aqnaw mapping soil Segh pagh mapping soil bang specific yu' neH. laH Hoch legh je primary De' vuDmey tlhopDaq HeghDI' He 'angbogh wItlha' soil pagh wej wej nIv'e' pat DeSDu' HoHqang ghISDen spatial precision pagh De' soil Hoch roD. meq 'e' chenmoH HochHom Duv neH (HopwI'vo') unmap Sep laH lop (e.g. legh recent pedometrics conferences) maH. overview developments nob qaStaHvIS digital soil mapping belgium latlh Sep 'ej 'ej ghIq laH DujlIj usage potential digital soil mapping methods neH rur belgium nuqDaq 'oH primary mapping wa' ghu' focus yu' maH chonayta' Qu' 'ach upgrading, chaq reH chepmoH updating 'eb 'ej So'meH soil De' pat corroboration vo' methods. ja'chuq maH vaj sufficiently exploited digital soil mapping methods potential neH belgium.
EFFECT OF GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE) AND GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM) ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF BROILER
Authors: SA Belal , Hasan MK , Islam MS , Islam MS , Islam MA
Published: February 2023

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of ginger and garlic on the productive performance, carcass characteristics and hematological parameters of broilers. Ginger and garlic were provided alone and combination of both through the diet and drinking water in the form of powder and infusion respectively. A total of 200 one-day-old Cobb-500 straight-run broiler chicks were randomly allocated to five experimental treatments with four replications of 10 chicks per replicate (n=40). Treatments were: T0 (control group without test ingredients), T1 and T2 : (birds received 15 g kg-1 of ginger and garlic in powder form in feed) T3 and T4 : (birds received 15 g kg-1 of ginger and garlic combination in powder form in feed and in water based infusion at 50 ml L-1 of drinking water respectively). Blood samples were collected on 21 and 35th day post feeding from 5 birds per replication for hematological parameters analysis. At the end of trial, 20 birds from each treatment (5 birds per replicate) were slaughtered for the determination of carcass characteristics. Ginger and garlic had significantly improved (p<0.05) on body weight (BW), feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on 14, 21, 28, 35th d of experiment respectively. The usage of the test ingredients had a significant effect (p<0.05) on carcass weight, abdominal fat and dressing percentage except proximate components of breast and thigh muscle. A better performance was observed when chicks were fed in powder form than those fed the water based infusion. Significant variations (p<0.05) existed among the treatments in mean hematological parameters total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb), total leukocyte count (TLC), packed cell volume (PCV), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) respectively. However, there was no significant effect of ginger and garlic on MCV at 21 d and heterophil, basophil at 35 d. Substantial positive affect was observed on broilers performance when ginger and garlic were fed in powder form without any adverse effect and boosted their traits monitored as well as general well-being.
PRE-EXTENSION DEMONSTRATION OF IMPROVED CHICKPEA VARIETIES IN KONTA SPECIAL WOREDA OF SOUTHERN NATION NATIONALITIES AND PEOPLES REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA.
Authors: Tufo Bereket , Abdala Abdirazak
Published: February 2023

The study was conducted in Konta Special Woreda at Opa-lashe Kebele during meher season of the year 2016. The objective of the study was to demonstrate, disseminate and recommend the best performing chickpeas varieties. The study was carried out in twelve farmers’ field and one Farmer Training Center. Farmers were considered as replications. Training was given for the selected farmers, development agents and Woreda experts about improved chickpea technologies production and management. Then after, two varieties (Arerti and Natoli) were demonstrated in plot size of 100m2. NPS and Seed rate used was 100 kg and 140kg per hectare respectively. The spacing between plots, rows and plants was 1m, 30cm and 10 cm respectively. Farmers evaluated and selected the varieties depending on their criteria's set. The ranking procedure was explained for participant farmers and each selection criterion was rated from 1 to 5. The listed traits in the criteria were earliness, number of pods per plant, resistance to disease and grain yield. The descriptive statistics result showed that the variety Natoli was with better mean grain yield performance followed by Arerti. The combined result of mean grain yield and farmers’ performance score suggested that both Natoli and Arerti varieties were selected by the village farmers because of their ability to bear more pods per plant, large seed size, disease resistance and high grain yield but variety Natoli was selected as farmers’ first choice for its higher grain yield compared with Arerti. Moreover, farmers calling for governmental and non-governmental organizations which promote large scale chickpea production with full packages in the study area.
PRE-EXTENSION DEMONSTRATION OF IMPROVED BREAD WHEAT VARIETIES IN DAWRO ZONE AND KONTA SPECIAL WOREDA OF SOUTHERN NATION NATIONALITIES AND PEOPLES REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA.
Authors: Tufo Bereket , Abdala Abdirazak
Published: February 2023

The study was conducted in Dawro Zone of Tocha and Essera Woreda and Konta Special Woreda. The objective of the study was to demonstrate, recommend and transfer the best performing bread wheat varieties based on grain yield performance and farmers’ preference. In each kebele, one FTC and twelve farmers (8 male and four female farmers) were involved during ‘’meher’’ season of the year 2016. Training was given for the selected farmers and other stakeholders. Providing full packages of bread wheat technology- variety Ogolicho, Shorima and local were demonstrated in Konta Special Woreda but variety Shorima, Kakaba and Local were demonstrated in Dawro Zone of Tocha and Essera Woreda. Plot size of 10m X 10m was used and seeds were planted at a rate of 100kg/ha in all fields. The recommended rate of DAP (100kg/ha) and UREA (50 kg/ha) were used.  The spacing between plots and row was 1m and 30cm by drilling respectively. Field days were organized; farmers evaluated and selected the best performed varieties depending on their criteria's set. The criteria were earliness, tillering capacity, seed size, spike length, resistance to diseases and grain yield. During farmers’ selection process both female and male farmers had been incorporated so as to avoid gender bias. The result showed that variety Ogolicho was the best yielder with grain yield of 39.7 qt/ha and 36 qt/ha at Buba-damota Kebele and Chaka-bocha Kebele respectively followed by the variety Shorima (37.8 qt/ha at Buba Damota and 29 qt/ha at Chaka-bocha) in Konta Special Woreda. In Tocha and Essera Woreda, variety Shorima was with better grain yield performance at Edget kebele of Tocha Woreda (34.5 qt/ha) and Arsi-bale Kebele of Essera Woreda (34.4 qt/ha) respectively. Therefore, based on the farmers’ criteria and grain yield performance, variety Ogolicho selected as first followed by Shorima in Konta Special Woreda, and variety Shorma in Tocha and Essera Woreda, were recommended with its full packages for further pre-scaling.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH HAZARDS EXPOSURE AMONG FARM WORKERS AT AHERO IRRIGATION SCHEME, KENYA
Authors: Mburu Charles , Kinyua Robert , Karani George , Kiiyukia Ciira
Published: February 2023

Agriculture is one of the three most hazardous occupations in terms of safety and health due to,among others, the physical strain and repetitive movements associated with its tasks. This study was conducted to evaluate the exposure to occupational safety and health hazards among farm workers in Ahero irrigation schemes, Kenya. The findings will inform development of mitigation measures to support the government’s goal of attaining food security. A sample of 38 farm workers were randomly selected across the scheme comprising of 7 villages. The data collected was sorted, edited coded and analyzed using SPSS ver. 20 and presented in descriptive statistics.  Statistical tests for correlation was carried out using Pearson’s correlation and the results presented using charts and tables. The study established that about 71% of the respondents were aged above 46 years. Most of the workers had attained a primary level education. Biological hazards were found to be more prevalent due to the presence of livestock, blood sucking pests and deficiency of clean drinking water in the farms and poor sanitation. Majority of the farm workers lifted heavy weights with over 40% of the farm workers lifting 86 Kgs and above. There was widespread use of agrochemicals that included organophosphates (31.6%) without adequate protection in a very hot environment. The study concludes that farm workers at Ahero irrigation scheme are exposed to myriads of occupational hazards which can be an impediment to food security and achievements of the government’s vision 2030.
EFECTOS DE CORRECTORES DE ACIDEZ DE SUELOS EN EL CULTIVO DE SOYA.
Authors: Elvisa Barrera, , b Colina Eduardo , Carlosc Castro, , Fidelc Beltrán, , Guillermoc García
Published: February 2023

La acidificación de suelos, es un problema de  creciente  importancia  en  la  producción agrícola nacional e internacional, se presenta en diversas condiciones de manejo de cultivos, con  mayor incidencia  en la producción  de ciclo  corto. Este  tipo de cultivos es de  gran importancia  en la economía  de  los  países en  desarrollo como el Ecuador, esto debido  a la relevancia en la nutrición de la  población en la industrialización  de los mismos. El uso de correctores de acidez para la disminución de esta limitante en la producción agrícola, ha sido la herramienta más utilizada por los técnicos agrónomos. Sin embargo la  poca información  sobre  las  fuentes  y dosificaciones  utilizadas,  ha sidoparte  del  problema presentado. El  objetivo  de  este  trabajo  fue  evaluar  la  eficacia  de  correctores  de  acidez  en varias dosis, sobre los niveles de pH en un suelo cultivado con soya, y determinar su efecto sobre el rendimiento de grano. Adicionalmente se realizó un análisis económico.

 Se investigaron seis tratamientos y un testigo sinaplicación, en 3 repeticiones. Se sembró en hileras distanciadas a 40 cm con la variedad INIAP-308, en parcelas de 20 m2. Los tratamientos se distribuyeron en un diseño de bloques completos al azar (BCA). La evaluación  de  medias  de los  tratamientos  se  realizó  con la prueba de Tukey al  5%  de significancia. Al final del ciclo del cultivo se evaluó: altura de plantas, díasa floración, días a  cosecha,  número  de  vainas  por  planta,  peso de 100  granos, rendimiento  por  hectáreay potencial hidrógeno.

Los resultados determinaron que las aplicación del corrector de acidez Sfera 3 en dosis de 300 kg/ha, aumenta  el pHdel suelo tratado, asi mismo estimula el crecimiento y desarrollo dela soya, en especial facilitando la absorción de   nutrientes, con  incrementos derendimiento por encima del testigo con rangos del 14% con relación y 57% con relación al tratamiento Biocal..
EFFECTS OF PLANTING HALOXYLON APHYLLUMON CARBON SEQUESTRATION RATE AND SOME SOIL PROPERTIESIN A ARID REGION IN IRAN
Authors: Keneshloo M., , Nikoo Sh. , Kianian M.K.,
Published: February 2023

A major  activity  in  the  desert  areas  of  Iran  to control wind  erosion, improving  environmental conditionsespecially  soil  characteristics and increasing  carbon sequestration in  soil  and  plants is planting  compatible and  resistant  species, in  particularHaloxylon  aphyllum. The study  area,in  the central Iranthat  was  planted  with Ha.aph(in the  early  1980s), reflects the environmental  and management  conditions of more  than  800,000  hectares  of aridlandsin Iranwell.5  profiles were randomly drilled at the bottom of the Haloxylon sp.shrubs and 5 profiles are in the adjacent control area  without any vegetation  soil  sampling  was  carried  out  from  0  to  30  cm  depth.  Samples were transferred to the laboratory for measurement of electrical conductivity, pH, organic matter, organic carbon, lime, phosphorus, potassium, soil texture, calcium, magnesium, sodium, soil bulk density and the amount of carbon sequestration in the soil.  the  data  from  the  grown  area  and  the  control  were compared using independent t-student test to determine the effect of planting Haloxylon sp.on the soil characteristics of  the  area.  The  results  show  that  planting Haloxylon  sp.has  increased  the  organic matter  content  of  organic carbon,  electrical  conductivity,  acidity,  phosphorus  and  potassium,  and decreased  calcium  carbonate,  silt,  calcium, magnesium  and  sodium  in  soil.  Also,  the  comparison of the data in the control and planting area indicates a slight change in the soil texture with an increase in  the  percentage  of  sand  and  a  decrease  in the percentage  of  silt  and  clay in the planting  area. Planting Haloxylon sp.increased the average amount of sequestrated carbon in soil by 28420.2 kg/ha.
SITE SELECTION FOR CONSTRUCTING SOLAR AND WIND PLANTS USING METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN IRAN
Authors: Kianian M.K., , Hajimohammadi H., , Rasouli F.,
Published: February 2023

Due to the increasing environmental pollutions and reducing fossil energy sources, using new energy in the world is of utmost importance including the solar and wind energy that used in the world. In this context and to identify areas with high potential for solar and wind plants in Semnan province, the average relative humidity data, the number of days with thunderstorms, number of days with dust, the number of cloudy days, horizontal visibility below 2,000 meters, sunshine hours and average wind speed in a 20-year period for five synoptic stations in the province was used. After the analysis made on the province's meteorological parameters, point data was changed into the zone by Arc GIS software.  To  achieve  this goal first  of  multiple regression methods  were  used  and  the  correlation  between  latitude  and  altitude  parameters obtained. Results showed that in most cases, the correlation coefficient was more than 0.9 and determination coefficient was more than 0.8 in most cases. Studies showed that lowland areas of the province have enormous potential and highlands has less potential for constructing solar and wind power plants.
MORTALITE PERINATALE A L’HOPITAL GENERAL DE REFERENCE DE KINDU JANVIER 2022 AU JANVIER 2023
Authors: Za Tabezi Maxime Bemwizi Mpiene
Published: February 2023

En menant cette étude sur la mortalité périnatale à l’Hôpital Général de Référence de Kindu, la préoccupation majeure était de répondre à la question suivante : quelles sont les causes de la mortalité périnatale à l’Hôpital Général de Référence de Kindu ? Et entre ces causes y a-t-il une influence entre elles ? Pour y parvenir nous avons recouru à la méthode d’enquête. Celle-ci a été appuyée par les techniques d’entretien structuré et documentaires pour la récolte de données et la technique de Khi2 comme technique de traitement de données. A l’issue de nos analyses, nous sommes arrivés aux résultats selon lesquels sur 1973  naissances survenues à la maternité de l’Hôpital Général de Référence de Kindu, nous avons enregistré 54 cas de décès périnataux dont  49  mort-nés et  5  décès néonatals précoces soit un taux de 27,37% de mortalité périnatale et les causes sont les fœtales ou néonatales et maternelles ou obstétricales respectivement de l’ordre de 25 et 29 durant la période sous examen, ainsi donc entre ces deux variables il s’observe que Khi2 calculé étant inférieur au Khi2 tabulaire cela prouve l’inexistence d’une liaison statistique ou significative entre les deux variables.
Communities of Practice as a Knowledge Management Tool in Ghana's Telecommunication Industry: A Systematic Review
Authors: Akosen Lawrence , Asiedu Nasir
Published: February 2023

Communities of Practice(s) (COPs) have become an important instrument for knowledge transfer in Ghana's telecom industry. It functions as a catalyst in enabling telecommunications' competitive advantage as the key industry on the development agendas of African countries. The study deals with the introduction, methodology, discussions, significance of the study, limitations of the study, future directions, and conclusions. The study used a systematic review technique to analyse the literature and discuss and present conclusions. The findings demonstrated that CoPs have strengthened a variety of essential abilities in the telecoms industry, allowing information from the company's technical and operational sectors to be diffused across the organization's broad skill set. The study suggests that the key aspects of a successful CoPs are ensuring that learning is a social force, knowledge is unified into the community's culture, standards, and language, learning and community affiliation are inseparable, knowledge and experience are indivisible, and authorization is essential to learning.
An Examination of Factors Determining User Privacy Perceptions of Voice-Based Assistants
Authors: Awojobi Biodun , Landry Brett
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Voice-based assistants have become ubiquitous in our homes and all around us. We interact with voice-based assistants through smartphones, dedicated home devices, or other Internet-connected devices. The proliferation of these devices in our lives makes us question whether the data transmitted through these devices are secure and the role perception of privacy the users of these devices have in the usage of the device. This paper focuses on the user privacy issues specific to two voice-based assistants – Amazon Alexa and Google Assistant using quantitative and qualitative methods. The paper will answer three research questions regarding user privacy perceptions and how a user’s technology adoption, smartphone operating system, and demographics influence their perception of privacy.
Study design/methodology/approach: This is a mixed research study where survey data was collected from faculty, staff, and students of a large University in the United States and professional connections globally.
Findings: Privacy perceptions vary based on user age, educational level, gender, smartphone adoption, and technical awareness and expertise.
Originality/value: This study is unique in highlighting the perception of privacy for voice-based assistants and assigning a numerical value based on survey data to the concern. Another feature of the study is its correlation of privacy perception with mobile phone operating systems and the level of technical expertise of voice-based assistant users.
Online Collaborative Learning in Higher Education in Albania: Some Necessary Innovations
Authors: Qafzezi Eriola
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the current paper is to discuss the necessity for the internationalisation of Albanian HEIs, in light of the recent changes that HEIs in Albania are undergoing. Online collaborative learning is thus introduced as a necessary innovation to be embraced in HE in Albania, illustrated by implementation and findings and comments based on an authentic case study undertaken in the third course, Bachelor level, Fan S. Noli University, Korça, Albania. 
Study design/methodology/approach: The paper is supported by a theoretical background on online collaborative learning and factual data about the current state of HEIs in Albania. The latter factual information illustrates the necessity of embracing online learning practices through collaborative learning, supported by examples from the case study. The paper adopts a mixed method approach, combining qualitative analysis with quantitative data derived from surveys carried out with Albanian students.
Findings: There are some conclusions and findings that we have derived from the factual information presented about the current state of HEIs in Albania, combined with data extracted from the case study. They point to the necessary innovations involving Albanian teachers and students of HEIs in online collaborative learning.  
Originality/value: The current study bears original value because it provides direct links between the current need for the internationalisation of HEIs in Albania and online collaborative learning as a concrete way to bring about internationalisation. Examples brought are also authentic, taken from the case study, supported by data from pre- and post-implementation surveys conducted with Albanian students who took part in the case study.
El nacimiento de la UDI: el partido que se creó al alero de la dictadura de Pinochet
Authors: Insulza Merlet Javier
Published: February 2023

El siguiente ensayo busca rememorar el nacimiento de la UDI (Unión Demócrata Independiente), el partido político que surgió en el Gremialismo de los años sesenta, posteriormente fue pilar técnico en la forma de gobernar en dictadura y que hoy es uno de los principales partidos de la derecha en Chile. La historia reciente de Chile tiene un antes y un después en la formación de la UDI y algo similar ocurre con la Dictadura de Augusto Pinochet. Varios de los cuadros políticos de la década de los 80´s siguen siendo pilares fundamentales de la derecha chilena (particularmente de la UDI) y con ellos se explica lo difícil que ha sido para los sectores más progresistas cambiar la Constitución Política nacida en dictadura y que, por muchos cambios que ha tenido, aún se reconoce que mantiene pilares fundamentales de su origen.
Año nuevo, problemas viejos
Authors: Martínez Reyes Nelson Rubén
Published: February 2023

Editorial: Año nuevo, problemas viejos, No. 7, febrero 2011
Editorial
Authors: Francisco Gavidia Universidad
Published: February 2023

Nuestra revista Realidad y Reflexión cumple 22 años y 56 números publicados: desde el año 2000, la revista ha sido un espacio académico científico desde el cual se ha reflexionado sobre la realidad, siendo esta el punto de partida para el ejercicio investigativo.
Luz sobre los excluidos: intervenciones psicosociales desde el principio de misericordia
Authors: Molina Gutiérrez Javier Alberto
Published: February 2023

El presente ensayo pretende trazar una línea lógica entre diferentes planteamientos clásicos de la Psicología Social, ente los cuales destaca el realismo crítico de Ignacio Martin Baró y los diferentes autores modernos que abordan el tema de la intervención social efectiva y emancipadora de los pueblos, desde el dolor de los que sufren y para quienes viven las realidades de nuestra herida Latinoamérica. Estos buscan romper con aquellos patrones de intervención basados en el asistencialismo o en la idea del “otro” como incapaz, vulnerable y diferente a “nosotros”. Como propuesta novedosa se concluye con la idea de generar intervenciones psicosociales enfocadas en la búsqueda de humanizar a los excluidos, no simplemente atenderlos como si fuesen incapaces de cambiar sus propias realidades, sino buscando que alcancen su máximo potencial de cambio desde sus propias potencialidades individuales.
El aporte de la Universidad Francisco Gavidia frente a los desafíos de la pandemia del COVID-19 en El Salvador
Authors: Argueta Bermúdez Franklin Iván , Humberstone Morales James Edward
Published: February 2023

El Gobierno de El Salvador inició manejando la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19 con el método de prueba y error, lo cual es relativamente normal ante algo inesperado. Sin embargo, muchas de las decisiones y políticas públicas demandan tener un soporte científico y consensuado con todos los sectores del país. En este ensayo se presentan los aportes de investigación realizados por la Universidad Francisco Gavidia para ayudar en el manejo de la pandemia de COVID-19 en El Salvador, durante el periodo de febrero de 2020 a octubre de 2021.
Competencias mediáticas de los estudiantes de la Universidad Francisco Gavidia en El Salvador
Authors: López Eguizábal Fidel Arturo , Álvarez Juárez Evelyn Yecenia , Amaya de López Sonia Haydée , Fernández Chinchilla Sonia Carolina , Alfaro Gómez Reyna Margarita , García Cárcamo José Salvador
Published: February 2023

La investigación indagó sobre las habilidades mediáticas de los estudiantes de la Universidad Francisco Gavidia (UFG) para el uso efectivo de la información emitida por los medios y otros proveedores, sus prácticas al momento de emitir una opinión o mensaje y la información de lo que consumen; además de cómo se informan, educan y entretienen. Para ello se realizaron grupos focales en modalidad no presencial y una encuesta en línea con estudiantes de la universidad. Según los datos recopilados, la red social más utilizada por los estudiantes de la UFG es Facebook; luego, cuentan con algunas habilidades mediáticas y adecuado comportamiento al interactuar en los distintos medios de comunicación digital. La investigación también permitió indagar que los estudiantes no han recibido por iniciativa propia talleres relacionados a validar la información que consumen o comparten; sin embargo, sí han recibido orientación en algunas asignaturas durante su proceso de formación académica.
Detecting land-use landcover changes in a protected area conservancy using geospatial technology
Authors: Kunedzimwe Francisca  , Taru Philip  , Goronga Ashton
Published: February 2023

This paper analyses the present and future changes in land-use landcover of the Midlands Rhino Conservancy which is a protected area with mining activities. A GIS and Remote Sensing approach was used for detecting change in the protected area. A thirty-year time of 1980-2020 shows a major land use change, with agricultural activities increasing within the protected area. The projected results help to detect the future changes that might occur under the same case scenario in the protected area. Agricultural activities increased with 20%., Alternatively, there is a decrease in vegetation cover from 60% to 15%, built up increased from 0.03% to 0,08%. The reasons for the change detection such as (for monitoring habitat disturbance among others) have been discussed.
Uzoefu wa Walimu wa Kutumia Teknolojia katika Ufundishaji Tanzania.
Authors: Hennessy Sara , Koomar Saalim , Kreimeia Adam
Published: February 2023

This is a Swahili version of the policy briefi Teachers’ Experiences of Teaching With Technology in Tanzania: Recommendations for policy and practice published in October 2022.
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
PEMANFAATAN BERBAGAI TANAMAN BERWARNA SEBAGAI INDIKATOR ASAM-BASA ALAMI UNTUK PENGUJIAN ASAM LEMAK BEBAS PADA CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO)
Authors: Nurjanah Desi , Kusumastuti Kusumastuti
Published: February 2023

The study was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of one factor, namely colored plant varieties and indicator concentration consisting of 9 levels, as follows: red spinach 0.15 ml (A), red spinach 0.30 ml (B) . ), 0.45 ml red spinach (C), 0.15 ml purple cabbage (D), 0.30 ml purple cabbage (E), 0.45 ml purple cabbage (F), 0.15 ml secang wood (G ), 0.30 ml sappan wood (H), 0.45 ml sappan wood (I), with two repetitions. Anthocyanins that have been extracted from various types of plants were analyzed first including anthocyanin levels, yield and pH levels. Furthermore, colored plant extracts in alcohol were used as indicators for titration of free fatty acids and comparative analysis was carried out with phenolphthalein (pp) indicator, and visual color changes were observed. This study aims to determine the type of colored plant as a source of anthocyanin which has the highest yield and effective anthocyanin content used as an indicator substitution in the analysis of free fatty acids in Crude Palm Oil (CPO). The results of this study indicate that variations in plant species and indicator concentrations greatly affect anthocyanin and FFA levels. The results of the calculation of Free Fatty Acids with a pp indicator of 0.45 ml of 2.7803% have similarities with using purple cabbage indicator of 0.45 ml of 2.5813%, which is supported by a yield of 34% and anthocyanin content of 0.0472 mg/ ml.
Keywords: indicator, colored plants, anthocyanins, free fatty acids (ALB)
RESPON TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays L. Saccharata) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN PUPUK KALIUM DAN PUPUK KANDANG KAMBING
Authors: Arif Abdul , Putra Irwan Agusnu , Nadhira Ahmad
Published: February 2023

The low quantity and quality of sweet corn is strongly influenced by the low quality of soil and nutrients for which there is no continuous improvement making it difficult for farmers to improve the quality of sweet corn production, so research is carried out on the application of potassium fertilizer and manure to determine the growth and production of sweet corn. This research was conducted in Sei Buluh Village, Teluk Mengkudu District, Serdang Bedagai Regency from February 2022 to May 2022. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors, Factor 1. KCL fertilizer 3 treatment levels, K0 = control, K1 = 1.40 g/plant. K2 = 2.80 g/plant. and Factor 2. Goat manure 4 treatment levels: P0 = control. P1 = 4 kg/plot. P2 = 8 kg/plot. P3 = 12 kg/plot. Parameters observed were plant height (cm), number of leaves, cob weight and sweetness level. Data were analyzed using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level. The results showed that the K2 treatment of 2.80g/plant of KCL fertilizer was the best treatment for plant height and corn cob weight. The P3 treatment of 12 kg/plot of goat manure was the best treatment for the number of leaves and the weight of corn cobs. K2P3 treatment became the best interaction on the weight parameter of corn cobs with a weight of 197.42.
Keywords : Corn, Potassium, Goat Manure
Analysis of Nursing Student Ability in English Abstract Translation Research
Authors: As'ad Muhammad
Published: February 2023

The translation is an activity that increases students' awareness of the similarities and differences between the grammatical structure of the source language and the target language. Reveals that for a good translation to achieve or meet certain factors such as accuracy, readability, and acceptability. The difference in grammatical structure between the source language and the target language often results in some changes in meaning during the translation process. This research find out the student’s ability in English translation and also the accuracy, readability, and acceptability of the results of abstract translations. Method in this research was descriptive qualitative research with total number of population 80 student’s abstract translations.  The results of research on students' ability to translate from Indonesian into English in terms of accuracy is the total score 16.2, readability total score 17.4, and acceptability is 17.4%. the percentage of the mean score 95.6% with very excellent category. From the analysis of students' abilities in translating from Indonesia to English, the authors found that 80 students who translated abstracts achieved a very good level/excellent. In general, the author concludes that the ability of undergraduate nursing study program students in the 2020/2021 academic year in translating Indonesian into English was very good.
Keywords: abstract, nursing student, translation
The Effect of Cubing Technique in Teaching Report Text Writing
Authors: Rahayu Yayu Sri , Kusnandar Agus
Published: February 2023

This article investigates the impact of employing the Cubing Strategy in the first semester students of the English Language Education Study Program while teaching writing, specifically report texts. According to the authors' teaching experience, many students struggle with creating report texts. They have difficulty on how to compose report text. In light of this issue, the lecturer must employ an engaging technique in the teaching and learning process to help students comprehend how to create the text. Cubing technique is a creative, hands-on practice that fosters critical thinking, promotes a greater grasp of a topic, and encourages in-depth investigation of it. It employs a cube-shaped visual organizer to encourage students to examine a topic from multiple perspectives. On each face of a cube, the learner writes responses to questions or suggestions. Applying the Cubing Strategy to the production of a report text can aid students in gaining a deeper grasp of the issue through the use of six viewpoints that are pertinent to the subject, enabling them to produce a quality report text. This mixed-methods study involving 48 first-semester English language Education students examined the use of the cubing strategy to the acquisition of report writing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the cubing technique on students' report writing skill and their perceptions of its implementation. The statistical evidence indicated a significant difference in the students' writing scores on the students' report text writing pre-test (M=48.75) and post-test (M=70.93,  the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted because the p-value was less than 0.05, which encapsulates that the students' report text writing was improved. The qualitative findings also revealed students' perspectives of the adoption of the cubing technique, it was discovered that the technique improved students' writing skills, learning motivations, and language development for a variety of skills, such as reading and vocabulary enhancement. Future research implications and suggestions are discussed.
Keywords: Cubing Technique, Report Text, Writing
A Survey on Teachers’ Perception of Online Learning in the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Firharmawan Hastri
Published: February 2023

Since the Covid-19 pandemic online learning has become a technological breakthrough to cope with the learning problems in education. However, the rapidness of the changes in the technology demands teachers to be always updated and adaptive to the development of the new technology. This survey study deals with teachers’ perception of online learning in the Covid-19 pandemic. The perception was seen from three aspects, namely the usefulness, the ease of use, and the attitude toward online learning on English subject. The study employed a descriptive design with qualitative approaches. The samples involved 60 Junior high school English teachers in Kebumen. Questionnaires and interviews were used in order to get data needed from the subjects. The study found that the teachers had a positive perception toward the online learning they had executed in terms of both the usefulness and ease of use. However, more than half of them disagree for the online learning on being effectively used. In relation to the attitude, it was found that the teachers responded positively toward applying new technologies in their online teaching.  
Keywords: Online learning, teacher, perception, Pandemic
The Analysis of Students' Difficulties in Translating Text for the English Major Students at Umnu Kebumen
Authors: Hanivah Nurul , Andika Alek
Published: February 2023

English Plays Important Role To Communicate In This Globalization Era. Unfortunately, Our Young Generation Still Need Many Improvements In English Mastering. One Of The Biggest Problems Is Because They Cannot Understand The Language. Therefore, This Research Aimed To Identified The Students’ Difficulties In Translating Text Both From English To Indonesian Or The Contrary. This Research Applied Qualitative Approach With Descriptive Method. The Sample Was Taken By Using Purposive Sampling Technique And It Was Decided That There Were Eleven (11) Students Who Fulfilled The Criteria. The Researcher Used Three (3) Kind Of Instruments; Objective Test, Questionnaire, And Interview. From The Identification Result, The Researcher Found That There Were Three (3) Dominant Difficulties Encountered By The Students; (1) Idioms, (2) Unsystematic Mind Plot, And (3) Equivalent Word. Furthermore, The Researcher Concluded That To Overcome Those Difficulties, The Students Should; Do More Reading Activity, Increase Knowledge And Literacy, Learn Grammar, Learn Theory Of Translation, And Do More Practice. 
Keyword: Analysis, Difficulty, Translating
AN An Analysis of Flouting Maxims in the Second American Presidential Debate
Authors: Rakhmasari Dwi Lia
Published: February 2023

Language becomes the prior instrument in communicating ideas, feeling, or opinions. In real communication, those four maxims are not always being fulfilled by the speakers. When the speakers do not fulfil the maxim in the communication, means that they flout the maxim. There are many flouting maxims found in the real communication. Debate can be an interesting object for seeing that phenomenon. One of many famous debates is American presidential debate in 2008, especially the second part of the debate. In this ocassion, there are many guests who had never voted in the election before. The aim of this study is to investigate the flouted utterances in the second American presidential debate and to answer the question about how the the two presidential candidates flouted the maxims. This study is conducted by using qualitative approach since the writers analyze about the flouted utterances in the second American presidential debate. The script is taken from the website www.debates.org. the two presidential candidates performed flouting maxim of quantity, flouting maxim of  relevance, and flouting maxim of manner.
Key words: debate, flouting maxim, good communication
Students’ Perception on Teaching Strategies for English Speaking at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Kebumen
Authors: Firharmawan Hastri , Heriyanto Dwi
Published: February 2023

Teaching strategies for speaking class of English have developed rapidly through time. In Indonesia contexts where English placed as a foreign language, teachers are challenged to vary their teaching strategies in order to have interesting manageable classes. This study dealt with students’ responses on teachers’ strategies in teaching speaking. The research was conducted at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Kebumen from May to October 2022. This research belongs to a survey research design. Researcher collected quantitative, numbered data by using questionnaires; and then, statistically analyzed the data to describe trends about responses to questions. The study involved 3 teachers teaching for the speaking class at the school and 113 students joining the class. The research revealed that there were six teachers’ strategies to have been familiarly applied. They were role plays, dialogues, discussions, playing cards, picture describing, and brainstorming. It was also found that in terms of the time allocation, the subject content, and value for the future life, the students responded positively to the teaching strategies used by the teachers.
Keywords: Perception, speaking, teaching strategies
Educational Values in Finding Dory Movie Script and Teaching Speaking Application
Authors: Nugraeni Ismawati Ike , Rokhayati Titi , Dewi Liska Erliana Puspita
Published: February 2023

This research aimed to analyze types of educational value found in Finding Dory movie script and its application in teaching speaking for vocational high school students. This research was a qualitative research. The instrument of the research was the researchers. The object of the research was movie entitled Finding Dory. The data were taken from the dialogues performed by the characters in the movie. In analyzing data, the researchers took some steps such as: watching the movie and downloading the movie script, taking the utterances, and transcribing the data. There were some procedures in analyzing the data. They were describing the data into dialogue form, describing the context, and analyzing the types of educational value. The result of this research showed that Finding Dory movie script contained 175 data of educational value. There were: honesty 7.43%, brave 5.14%, peace 4%, confidence and potential 26.29%, self-discipline and moderation 11.43%, purity 2.29%, loyalty and trustworthiness 5.71%, respect 12%, love and affection 6.85%, unselfish 6.29%, kind and friendly 12%, and fair and humanist 0.57%. Confidence and potential were the most dominant types of educational value that often found in Finding Dory movie script. Educational value found in Finding Dory movie script could be applied in teaching speaking in asking and giving opinion at the eleventh grade of student of vocational high school.
Keywords: Educational Value, Movie Script, Teaching Speaking.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Passing Bawah Bolavoli dengan Menggunakan Gaya Mengajar Inklusi pada Siswa Kelas V Mi Darul Huda Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Rohman Ahmad Fathur , Muharram Nur Ahmad , Junaidi Slamet
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to improve the learning outcomes of volleyball underhand passing by applying the inclusive teaching style to Class V students of MI Darul Huda Academic Year 2022/2023. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR). This research was conducted in two cycles, consisting of four stages in each cycle consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were Class V students of MI Darul Huda Academic Year 2022/2023, totaling 26 students consisting of 15 male students and 11 female students. Data collection techniques with tests and observations. Data validity uses data triangulation techniques. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative with percentage techniques. The results of data analysis in cycle I obtained learning outcomes of 26 students (100%) achieving complete criteria in the cognitive aspect, psychomotor aspects of 14 students (28%) achieving complete criteria in volleyball underpassing, while in the affective aspect 1 student ( 4%) got the Very Good category (A), 23 students (88%) got the Good category (B), and 2 students (8%) got the Enough category (C). In cycle II, the learning outcomes were obtained by 26 students (100%) achieving the complete criteria in the cognitive aspect, the psychomotor aspect of 24 students (92%) achieving the completion criteria in volleyball underpassing, while in the affective aspect of 3 students (12%) ) got the Very Good category (A), and 23 students (88%) got the Good category (B). Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that applying an inclusive teaching style can improve learning outcomes of volleyball underhand passing in Class V MI Darul Huda Academic Year 2022/2023.
Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Underpassing, Volleyball, Teaching Style Inclusion
Emosi Tokoh dalam Novel Ayah dan Sirkus Pohon Karya Andrea Hirata
Authors: Hardianti Fitriana , Pamungkas Onok Yayang
Published: February 2023

This study examines the classification of the emotions of characters in the novel Father and the Tree Circus by Andrea Hirata. The approach used is the approach of literary psychology. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The data taken in this study is in the form of text excerpts that show the emotions of the characters. The source of the data in the study is the novel Father and the Tree Circus by Andrea Hirata. The data collection technique used is the library technique. The data validity technique uses theoretical triangulation techniques. The data analysis techniques used by researchers are, 1) data collection, 2) data reduction, 3) data presentation, and 4) conclusions. Based on the results of the research conducted, there are eight classifications of emotions. The figures who dominate emotions are Hobirin, Sabari, and Marlena. Angry emotions are experienced by Marlena who is depicted through action by yelling at Sabari when handing over Marlena's fallen handkerchief. The delight experienced by Hobirin when he was accepted into the job of being a traveling circus. Sadly portrayed through the character of Hobirin when the work of the traveling circus is temporarily suspended. Guilt is clearly portrayed by the author through the character Hobirin who feels guilty to his father for doing bad things until he is taken to the police station. Fear is portrayed through the character Sabari who previously felt scared after a divorce case with his wife. Hate is felt by Hobirin who is depicted when the character hates the pomegranate tree. Love is portrayed through Sabari's actions as he grasps a pencil given by Marlena. Shame is experienced by Hobirin which is depicted when he feels ashamed of himself when he loses his job. An important implication of this research is that literature can contribute to the discussion of psychological science.Keywords: Emotions, Psychology, Novel, Ayah dan Sirkus Pohon, Andrea Hirata.
Keragaman Genetik Varietas Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: Rahmawati Aulia
Published: February 2023

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of the leading national commodities because of its large contribution to the Indonesian national economy. In the plantation industry, palm oil is known as a commodity that has high value because it is an ingredient for producing palm oil. The genetic diversity of Indonesian oil palm accessions is currently very low. In an effort to increase genetic diversity, germplasm exploration has been carried out at the genetic diversity center of oil palm. In addition to exploration, other efforts have been made to increase genetic variation by introduction. Oil palm is a type of plant that comes from the Arecaceae family. Oil palm plants usually grow on peat soil types spread across the islands of Sumatra, Kalimantan and Sulawesi. This is a type of plant that has a fairly high level of risk of being attacked by pests. In its distribution, there are two types of oil palm that are usually cultivated by farmers, namely Elaeis guineensis Jacq., and Elaeis oleifera. Differences in properties can be seen from the morphology of the oil palm fruit endocarp ehich has different levels of thickness as a form of genetic diversity. Oil palm varieties are distinguished by the thickness of the endocarp, and also by the color of the fruit. Based on the thickness of the endocrap, oil palm is divided into three types, namely Pisifera, Dura, and Tenera. If based on the color of the fruit, there are Nigrescens, Virescens, and Albescens. One of the methods that can be used for genetic analysis is Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD).Keywords: diversity, accession, endocarp, palm oil