bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential medicinal, nutritive and antiviral food plants: Africa’s plausible answer to the low Covid-19 mortality
Authors: Raimi Idris O , Musyoki Andrew M. , Olatunji Olusanya A. , Jimoh Muhali O. , Dube Welile V. , Olowoyo Joshua O.
Published: March 2022

The surge in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has put the scientific community on overdrive to come up with a cure and/or possible vaccine to curtail the menace this virus has caused. Considering the morbidity rate from the Coronavirus and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for healthy living, this review examined and documented the possible options of plant-based immune boosters for attaining wellness and protect against infections caused by viruses. This review documented 106 plants consumed largely in Africa as food or medicine after assessing over 172 articles from notable search engines. These plants were reported for antiviral activities and immune boosters for attaining wellness and immunomodulation, a key protective feature against infections caused by viruses. The documented plants contain several immune-modulating compounds like vitamins, flavonoids, phenols, macro, and micronutrients, which might be the possible reason for the current leverage on the mortality rate associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in the African continent. The study, therefore, concluded that medicinal/food plants are able to enhance healthy living and medicinal plants are a significant source of phytomedicinal content for the management of viral-induced diseases such as COVID-19.
Iron status, immune system, and expression of brain divalent metal transporter 1 and dopamine receptors D1 interrelationship in Parkinson’s disease and the role of grape seed and green coffee bean extracts and quercetin in mitigating the disease in rats
Authors: Al-Okbi Sahar Youssef , Mabrok Hoda Bakr , Al-Siedy Enas Sabry K , Mohamed Rasha Salah , Ramadan Asmaa Abdelmohsen
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a prevalence of 1% in the elderly worldwide. The aim of the research is to study the interrelationship of iron status, the immune system including inflammatory cytokines, brain divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), and dopamine receptors D1 (DRD1) in a PD rat model. The potential protective effects of grape seed and green coffee bean ethanol extracts and quercetin were also studied. Methods: Phenolic and flavonoid contents of grape seed and green coffee bean and in vitro free radicals scavenging activities of the extracts and quercetin were determined. Male rats were divided into five groups. Group 1 served as normal control (NC), group 2 represented Parkinsonian control (PC). Groups 3, 4, and 5 were the test groups treated by daily oral green coffee bean, grape seed extracts, and quercetin, respectively. PD was induced by rotenone in groups 2 to 5. Brain oxidative stress, DMT1, and DRD1 expressions, and histopathology were assessed. Parameters of the immune system, represented by plasma interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and CD4, and brain tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) along with iron status were also determined. Results: Phenolic and flavonoid contents of green coffee bean were high compared to grape seed (P < 0.05). Quercetin experienced the highest in-vitro free radicals scavenging activities. Iron deficiency anemia, together with elevated IFNγ, TNF-α, DMT1 expressions, and brain malondialdehyde (MDA) were demonstrated in PC compared to NC (P < 0.05). Also, reduction in CD4 and brain reduced-glutathione (GSH) (P < 0.05) were noticed in PC with brain histopathological alterations. Different treatments showed variable improvements in the majority of parameters (P < 0.05) and brain histopathology. Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia might result from cytokine elevation in PD. Reduced DRD1 and altered immune system including cytokines together with increased brain DMT1 might induce neurodegeneration in PD. Different treatments showed variable neuroprotective effects through modulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, immune system, iron status, DMT1, and DRD1.
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol and aqueous extracts of Sargassum wightii
Authors: Rout Sradhasini , Rath Bandana , Bhattamisra Subrat Kumar , Rath Ishani , Kumar Anjan
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Antioxidants of natural sources for the treatment of many ailments have taken priority since the last decades. Recently, researches have been focused on marine algae as they are the largest reservoir of bioactive compounds. Hence, the objective of this study was to explore the in-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Sargassum wightii. Methods: The total phenolics, flavonoids, and ascorbic acid (AA) contents were evaluated informs of gallic acid equivalent (GAE), rutin equivalent (RUE), and AA equivalent, respectively. The aqueous and methanolic extracts were isolated. The antioxidant activities were explored using2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), hydroxyl radical scavenging, and ferric reducing power assays. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was assayed using nitric oxide radical scavenging, inhibition of protein denaturation, and antiproteinase activities. Results: We observed significant changes in DPPH scavenging activity with both methanolicSargassum extract (MSE) and aqueous Sargassum extract (ASE) [IC50: 511.15 µg/mL and 927.05µg/mL, respectively]. Methanolic extract showed a greater SOD scavenging activity [IC50: 369.56µg/mL] and hydroxyl radical scavenging potential [IC50: 668.93 µg/mL] than that of ASE [SOD,IC50: 923.94 µg/mL; hydroxyl ion, IC50: 953.57 µg/mL]. In the Ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, MSE and ASE exhibited absorbance of 0.93±0.12 and 0.59±0.08, respectively, at 1200 µg/mL each. Both methanol and ASEs showed NO– scavenging activity having IC50 in order, AA(96.46 µg/mL) <MSE (963.50 µg/mL) <ASE (1974.88 µg/mL). However, the protein denaturation inhibition and antiproteinase activity of both these extracts at 1000 µg/mL were similar. Conclusion: Sargassum wightii has promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and could be a potential candidate for drug development targeting oxidative stress-mediated inflammatory diseases.
Chia seeds oil enriched with phytosterols and mucilage as a cardioprotective dietary supplement towards inflammation, oxidative stress, and dyslipidemia
Authors: Mohamed Doha , Mohammed Shaimaa , Hamed Ibrahim
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases are a cluster of metabolic diseases, which include type-2 diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of the current research was to incorporate dietary fibers (mucilage) and phytosterol for enriching chia seeds oil for producing new dietary supplements for cardio-protection from oxidative stress, inflammation, and dyslipidemia. Methods: Fatty acids profile, phytosterols, and phenolic compounds content of the prepared dietary supplement were assessed. The cardioprotective potency of the dietary supplement was evaluated in rats fed on a high-fat diet for a month. Biochemical parameters related to inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid profile, cardiac enzymes, and kidney function were determined in all rats. Results: The results revealed that dietary supplement was rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Beta-sitosterol and campesterol were the major phytosterols in chia seeds oil dietary supplement. Phenolic compounds were present by 25.9 ± 1.202 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dietary supplements. Rats fed on the high-fat diet showed significant elevation (P < 0.05) in inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and cardiac enzymes in association with the elevation of kidney function compared with normal rats. Administration of both doses of dietary supplement significantly (P < 0.05) improved all the studied biochemical parameters. The high dose of the dietary supplement was promising in the reduction of inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and improved dyslipidemia in accordance with the reduction of all cardiac enzymes and kidney function. Conclusion: Dietary supplements investigated in the current research showed cardioprotective potency through its anti-inflammatory and dyslipidemic activities, which may be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds, omega-3 fatty acids, phytosterols, and soluble dietary fibers.
Pharmacokinetic interactions: The effects of selected herbal extracts on permeation of P-glycoprotein substrate drugs across excised pig intestinal tissue
Authors: Peterson Bianca , Jacobsz Corneli , Hamman Josias , Viljoen Alvaro , Steyn Dewald
Published: March 2022

Introduction: There is growing concern that co-administered herbal medicines may alter the pharmacokinetics and, therefore, the efficacy and toxicity of Western drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential membrane permeation modulating effects of four herbal extracts, i.e., Harpagophytum procumbens, Hoodia gordonii, Leonotis leonurus, and Vitis vinifera on a model compound, Rhodamine 123 (RH-123). Methods: An in vitro permeation model, i.e., excised pig intestinal tissue, mounted to test chambers in a Sweetana-Grass diffusion apparatus, was used to measure the bi-directional transport of RH-123 in the presence and in the absence of four herbal extracts. The concentration of transported RH-123 in each sample was determined by means of fluorescence spectroscopic analysis. The integrity of the mounted jejunum tissue during experimentation was confirmed by measuring the permeation of Lucifer Yellow through these membranes. Trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of the mounted membranes was also measured at the onset and termination of each experiment to monitor whether tight junction modulation occurred. Results: H. procumbens extract increased the secretory transport of RH-123, indicative of the induction of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated efflux. H. gordonii extract also increased RH-123’s absorptive transport, coupled with a subsequent decrease in its secretory transport, indicating the P-gp related efflux inhibition. Contrary, L. leonurus extract reduced RH-123’s absorptive transport, accompanied by an increase in its secretory transport. V. vinifera seed extract, however, increased both the absorptive and secretory transport of RH-123. A reduction in TEER was observed in the presence of V. vinifera extract, indicating the modulation of tight junction integrity. Conclusion: The ex vivo pharmacokinetics interactions recorded in the current study suggest that the co-administration of herbal medicines could alter the extent of membrane permeation of Western drugs.
In vitroantidiabetic, antioxidant activities and chemical composition ofAjuga parvifloraBenth. shoot
Authors: Suryavanshi Amrita , Kumar Suresh , Kain Dolly , Arya Atul , . Vandana
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Ajuga parviflora Benth. (Lamiaceae) is an herbaceous plant that possesses ethnomedicinal values and is well known for its folkloric management of diabetes. This study was aimed to provide an experimental justification for its traditional antidiabetic use. Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract of A. parviflora shoot was quantified for its total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total tannin content (TTC). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) spectroscopy were also used for their chemical nature. Additionally, the extract was evaluated for its inhibitory potential against key enzymes linked with hyperglycemia by in vitro means. Subsequently, for estimation of the antioxidant capacities 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical (ABTS), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activities were determined.Results: GC-MS analysis revealed numerous biologically active phytoconstituents including brassicasterol, phytol, and palmitic acid. The presence of different active functional groups such as alcohol, nitrile, amine, alkyl halide, alkene, and alkane was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The extract showed a significant (P≤ 0.05) dose-dependent inhibition for α-amylase enzyme (132.38±1.18 μg/mL), α-glucosidase enzyme (22.66±0.11 μg/mL), DPPH radical (103.03±1.59 μg/mL), ABTS radical (140.10±3.40 μg/mL) and H2O2 radical (298.26±4.37 μg/mL). TPC, TFC, and TTC were found 64.06±0.35 mg/g of the gallic acid equivalent (GAE), 45.27±0.58 mg/g of the rutin equivalent (RE), and 127.42±1.82 mg/g of the tannic acid equivalent (TAE), respectively. Conclusion: A. parviflora extract showed significant antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials. Thus, this plant might be served as a novel approach for discovering new and effective drug molecules against hyperglycemia.
RETRACTION NOTE: Histopathological and biomedical parameters determination in the protective effect of crocin on hepatotoxicity induced by methotrexate in rats
Authors: Jalili Cyrus , Abdolmaleki Amir , Roshankhah Shiva , Salahshoor Mohammad Reza
Published: March 2022

This paper was published in the Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology in 2020 (doi: 10.15171/jhp.2020.07) (1). Based on an email received from the team of young researchers recently, we were informed that the results of this article have been published in another study (2), which is considered ethical misconduct. This issue was investigated by the editorial team of the Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology. As a result, based on the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines, the editors decided to retract this paper. The authors were informed and advised on this serious ethical breach. This article has been retracted at the request of the corresponding author. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be watermarked on each page as ‘retracted’. References 1. Jalili C, Abdolmaleki A, Roshankhah S, Salahshoor MR. Histopathological and biomedical parameters determination in the protective effect of crocin on hepatotoxicity induced by methotrexate in rats. J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2020;9(1):48-54. doi: 10.15171/jhp.2020.07. 2. Salahshoor MR, Abdolmaleki A, Jalili C, Roshankhah S, Ziapour A. Determination of histopathological and biomedical parameters in protective effects of Petroselinum crispum on hepatotoxicity induced by dichlorvos in male Wistar rats. Comp Clin Path. 2020;29(2):501-9. doi: 10.1007/s00580-019-03087-7.
Edukasi Pola Hidup Sehat dan Bersih di SDN 6 Kwandang Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara
Authors: Lasalewo Trifandi , Mardin Herinda , Hariana Hariana
Published: March 2022

The importance of maintaining the fitness and health of elementary school age students as well as the cleanliness of the school environment has become a habit and a healthy and clean lifestyle. For this reason, healthy gymnastics activities and cleaning the school environment are carried out in order to provide education on healthy and clean lifestyles to students at SDN 6 Kwandang, North Gorontalo Regency. The method used in this activity is a participatory method and the participants who take part in the education activities for a healthy and clean lifestyle are all students of SDN 6 Kwandang and several communities around the school. The activity was carried out 2 (two) times during October 2021. The result of the education activity on a healthy and clean lifestyle is that the activity runs smoothly without significant obstacles. This can be seen from the enthusiasm of the participants and the community around the school who participated in healthy gymnastics and cleaning the environment around the school. Healthy gymnastics activities and cleaning the environment around the school have a positive impact, especially in terms of education, increasing awareness of maintaining physical fitness and cleaning the environment around the school for students and the surrounding community.
Estimation the Quality of Life and Social Activity of Womenin the Post-Reproductive Period by Results of the National Project "Femininity of the Future"
Authors: Маланчук Л.М. , Мартынюк В.Н. , Маланчук С.Л. , Маланчук А.С.
Published: March 2022

Общемировая тенденция увеличения продолжительности жизни за счет перименопаузального и постменопаузального периода существенно повлияла на изменение качества жизни и социальной активности женщин. Перименопауза – период в жизни женщины, когда на фоне возрастных изменений во всем организме инволюционные процессы доминируют в репродуктивной системе.Вопрос сохранения качества жизни и социальной активности женщин в пострепродуктивном периоде обсуждался в апреле 2017 года в Киеве на заседании экспертного совета, в котором приняли участие ведущие эксперты в области акушерства и гинекологии, кардиологии, онкологии и семейной медицины. Как было отмечено на заседании, актуальность данной темы обусловлена, прежде всего, ухудшением качества жизни в связи со снижением и «исключением» женских гонад из сложного ансамбля эндокринных желез, что приводит к постепенному прекращению репродуктивной, а дальше менструальной функции. Именно в этот период возрастает частота сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, онкологической патологии, а также сахарного диабета II типа.В связи с этим на заседании экспертного совета было предложено воплотить в жизнь социально-информационный проект «Femininity of the Future», в рамках которого принять в течение 2017–2020 гг. в 18 регионах Украины ряд мер, направленных на сохранение качества жизни и социальной активности женщин в пострепродуктивном периоде.

The global trend of increasing the life expectancy of women at the expense of the perimenopausal and postmenopausal period has significantly influenced the change in their quality of life and social activity. Perimenopause is a period in the life of a woman, when, against the background of age- related changes throughout the body, involutional processes dominate the reproductive system.The issue of preserving the quality of life and social activity of women in the post-productive period was discussed in April 2017 in Kyiv at a meeting of the expert council, which was attended by leading experts in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, cardiology, oncology and family medicine. As noted at the meeting, the relevance of this topic is primarily due to the deterioration in the quality of life of women in connection with the decrease in the level and the "exception" of female gonads from a complex ensemble of endocrine glands, which leads to a gradual cessation of reproductive, and then menstrual function. It is during this period that the frequency of cardiovascular diseases, oncological pathology, and also type II diabetes mellitus increases.In this regard, at the meeting of the expert council, it was proposed to implement a social- information project "Femininity of the future", in which within the 2017-2020 period in 18 regions of Ukraine a series of measures aimed at preserving the quality of life and social the activity of women in post-reproductive period.
Determination of Helicobacter Pylori Oncogenic Potential Based on the Results of a Comprehensive Assessment of its CagA Status and Serum Cytokine Profile in Patients with Gastric Diseases
Authors: Воропаев Е.В. , Осипкина О.В. , Ковалев А.А. , Зятьков А.А. , Ачинович С.Л. , Шафорост А.С. , Назарчук Ю.А.
Published: March 2022

Цель. Разработка алгоритма оценки онкогенного потенциала Helicobacter pylori, состоящего в выявлении CagA-статуса микроорганизма методом молекулярно-генетического анализа с установлением в последующем характерных особенностей изменения содержания цитокинов ИЛ-6 и ИЛ-10 сыворотки крови методом ИФА и статистической обработкой результатов осуществленного комплексного лабораторного исследования пациентов с заболеваниями желудка.Материалы и методы. Методологические принципы анализа основаны на количественной оценке содержания цитокинов ИЛ-6 и ИЛ-10 методом ИФА с предварительным отбором пациентов по CagA-статусу Helicobacter pylori с использованием метода полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР).Результаты. В статье приведены результаты исследований цитокинового профиля (интерлейкин-6 и интерлейкин-10) у пациентов с заболеваниями желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки (K25–K31); злокачественными новообразованиями желудка (C16–C16.9), инфицированных CagA штаммами Helicobacter pylori.Выводы. Данная технология может быть использована с целью медицинской профилактики развития злокачественных новообразований желудка, связанных с инфекционным процессом, вызванным доминирующими в Республике Беларусь штаммами Helicobacter pylori, обладающими онкогенным потенциалом.

Purpose. Development of an algorithm to assess the oncogenic potential of Helicobacter pylori, consisting in detection of CagA status of the microorganism by molecular genetic analysis, followed by determination of characteristic features of IL-6 and IL-10 serum cytokine content by ELISA and statistical processing of the results of comprehensive laboratory examination of patients with gastric diseases.Materials and methods. Development of an algorithm to assess the oncogenic potential of Helicobacter pylori, consisting in detection of CagA status of the microorganism by molecular genetic analysis, followed by determination of characteristic features of IL-6 and IL-10 serum cytokine content by ELISA and statistical processing of the results of comprehensive laboratory examination of patients with gastric diseases.Results. The article presents the results of cytokine profile studies (interleukin-6 and interleukin-10), in patients with diseases of the stomach and duodenum (K25–K31); gastric malignancies (C16–C16.9), infected with CagA strains of Helicobacter pylori.Conclusions. This technology can be used for medical prevention of the development of malignant neoplasms of the stomach associated with the infection process caused by the dominant strains of Helicobacter pylori with oncogenic potential in the Republic of Belarus.
COMPORTAMIENTO AGRONÓMICO Y CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS DEL GRANO DE FRIJOL EN AGUASCALIENTES, MÉXICO
Authors: Allende-Arrarás Gonzalo , Acero-Godínez Ma. Guadalupe , Padilla-Ramírez José Saúl , Mayek-Pérez Netzahualcoyotl
Published: March 2022

Se determinaron 14 características físicas y químicas en semillas de seis variedades de frijol común cultivadas durante 2002 en Sandovales, Aguascalientes, México, para identificar aquellas asociadas con alto rendimiento de grano y tolerancia a enfermedades. Las características del grano estuvieron asociadas negativamente con la duración del ciclo biológico del frijol, mientras que el tamaño de la semilla y la capacidad de absorción de agua se asociaron positivamente con el rendimiento. Las variedades precoces ('Pinto Villa', 'Pinto Zapata' y 'Azufrado Tapatío') tuvieron mayor rendimiento de grano que las variedades tardías ('Bayo Criollo del Llano', 'Tlaxcala 62' y 'Flor de Mayo M38'), aunque fueron susceptibles a pudriciones de la raíz (Fusarium sp. y Rhizoctonia solani). Las variedades 'Pinto Villa' y 'Pinto Zapata' mostraron la mejor calidad de grano.
PÉRDIDAS DE COSECHA, EFICIENCIA DE PRODUCCIÓN Y RENTABILIDAD DE HUERTOS DE MANZANO CON DIVERSOS GRADOS DE TECNIFICACIÓN EN CHIHUAHUA, MÉXICO
Authors: Ramírez-Legarreta Manuel Rafael , Jacobo-Cuéllar Juan Luis , Ávila-Marioni Mario René , Parra-Quezada Rafael Ángel
Published: March 2022

Durante los años 2001 y 2002 se monitoreó la producción de manzana [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var domestica (Borkh) Mansf.] y la cinética de caída de frutos por efecto de plagas, polinización deficiente y de fruto sanos, en 13 huertos tipificados en baja, mediana y alta tecnificación. Los datos se analizaron mediante prueba de medias, curva exponencial, regresión y un análisis de presupuesto parcial para estimar la rentabilidad de los sistemas de producción. Los resultados mostraron que la pérdida de cosecha se debió a la caída de fruto sano por el paso de maquinaria en 11.3 %, a la enfermedad denominada corazón mohoso (Alternaria spp) con 9.2 % y dañados por palomilla de la manzana (Cydia pomonella) con 5.8 %; las pérdidas ascendieron a 21.8 % del total de la cosecha. Los huertos definidos como de alta tecnificación fueron más eficientes en producir frutos por cada peso invertido. Las pérdidas fueron mayores con respecto a su propio potencial de cosecha en los huertos de baja tecnificación. La variabilidad de la cosecha fue más amplia en los huertos de mediana y baja tecnificación.
DETERMINACIÓN DEL TAMAÑO ADECUADO DE PARCELA EXPERIMENTAL EN CALABAZA PIPIANA (Cucurbita argyrosperma Huber var. stenosperma)
Authors: Sánchez-Hernández Miguel Ángel , Mejía-Contreras Apolinar , Villanueva-Verduzco Clemente , Sahagún-Castellanos Jaime , Sánchez-Hernández César , Jiménez-Rojas María Concepción
Published: March 2022

El tamaño de parcela que se usa en calabaza procede de experiencias de investigadores, por lo que se considera que incrementa el error experimental y aumenta los costos de la investigación. En la calabaza pipiana (Cucurbita argyrosperma Huber var. stenosperma) es necesario definir el tamaño de parcela adecuado para realizar trabajos de investigación con mayor eficiencia. En el estudio se pretende estimar un tamaño de parcela estadísticamente apropiado con el fin de obtener un menor coeficiente de variación (CV, %) para cada carácter estudiado. Los experimentos se establecieron durante el 2001 en los campos San Martín y San Juan de Chapingo, México. En el sistema milpa, se sembró el quinto ciclo de selección de una variedad de calabaza en dos densidades de población y se probaron cinco tamaños de parcela (2.16, 4.32, 6.48, 8.64 y 21.60 m2). La información obtenida indica que la variabilidad entre parcelas disminuyó al aumentar el tamaño de 2.16 a 21.60 m2. La localidad San Martín presentó CV más altos que San Juan, en: peso, longitud y ancho de semilla, longitud de fruto, grosor y sabor de pulpa. La densidad de siembra de 9 260 plantas/ha, en promedio de dos localidades y en los diez caracteres estudiados, registró mayor variación, que la densidad de 13 890 plantas/ha. Los distintos tamaños de parcela conformados con matas de tres plantas fueron más eficientes para disminuir el CV que las de sólo dos plantas. De acuerdo con los diferentes análisis realizados (combinado, por localidad en promedio de densidades y por densidad en promedio de localidades) se sugiere utilizar una parcela experimental de 6.48 m2 y cuatro matas de tres plantas para realizar ensayos de evaluación de calabaza pipiana.
RENDIMIENTO DE FORRAJE DE VARIEDADES DE ALFALFA EN DOS CALENDARIOS DE CORTE
Authors: Villegas-Aparicio Yuri , Hernández-Garay Alfonso , Martínez-Hernández Pedro A. , Pérez-Pérez Jorge , Herrera-Haro José G. , López-Castañeda Cándido
Published: March 2022

Se determinó el rendimiento anual y estacional de cuatro variedades de alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cosechadas en dos calendarios de corte en los Valles Centrales de Oaxaca, México. En un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones se evaluaron ocho tratamientos arreglados en parcelas divididas; la parcela grande comprendió a las variedades (‘Valenciana’, ‘Moapa’, ‘Oaxaca’ y ‘Tlacolula’), y la subparcela a los calendarios de corte (severo con cortes cada 28 d en primavera y verano, y cada 42 d en otoño e invierno; y ligero con cortes cada 35 y 49 d, respectivamente); todos los cortes fueron a 4 cm de altura. Las parcelas experimentales (25 m2) se sembraron con 3 g de semilla pura viable m-2, y se regó cada 15 d. La interacción variedad x calendario de corte influyó (P ≤ 0.05) en el rendimiento de forraje y en la relación hoja:tallo. En otoño con los dos calendarios de corte, y en verano e invierno solamente con el calendario severo de corte, las variedades ‘Oaxaca’ y ‘Tlacolula’ rindieron más forraje que ‘Moapa’ y ‘Valenciana’. Las mejores relaciones hoja:tallo a través del año se registraron en ‘Moapa’ con el calendario severo de corte. El rendimiento anual de forraje (2000 g MS m-2/año) fue similar entre variedades y calendarios de corte, ya que las diferencias estacionales se compensaron entre sí.
Üsküdar’ın Kent İmgeleri Bağlamında Okunabilirliği
Authors: ATEŞ Mücella
Published: March 2022

Kentsel mekânın okunması ve kullanıcıların zihninde oluşan yansımasının belirlenmesi, mekân- kullanıcı ilişkilerinin tanımlanmasına yönelik çözümlemeler ortaya konulması ve tasarım çalışmaları bakımından önemlidir. Zihinlerdeki mekânsal algı aynı zamanda insanların kent mekânı içindeki davranışlarını da açıklayıcı niteliktedir. Bu araştırmada, kentsel mekânın okunması ve zihinlerdeki mekânsal boyuta ilişkin bilişsel haritalama biçimleri, İstanbul’un Üsküdar ilçesi üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, Üsküdar’ın mekânsal anlamda okunarak, imge noktaların hem kuramsal hem de kullanıcı deneyimleri üzerinden karşılaştırmalı olarak ortaya konulmasıdır. Çalışmanın yöntemi iki aşamadan oluşmaktadır. İlk aşamada Lynch’in “Kent İmgesi” kitabında ortaya koyduğu beş temel imge olan ‘yollar, düğüm noktaları, işaret öğeleri, bölgeler ve kenarlar/sınırlar’ kapsamında anket çalışması yapılarak açık uçlu sorular ve mülakat ile Üsküdar’ın kentsel imgeleri belirlenmiştir. İkinci aşamada ise katılımcılardan serbest hatırlama yöntemi ile Üsküdar haritası çizmeleri istenmiş, ilk aşamada ortaya konulan imgelerin bilişsel haritalarda ifade edilme biçimleri irdelenmiştir. Bulgular, Üsküdar’ın mekânsal olarak algılanma düzeyine dayanarak, Lynch’in beş temel kategorisi çerçevesinde, alana yönelik çözümlemeleri ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç olarak, hem deneyimlerden referans alan hem de kullanıcının zihninde var olan görsel algı analiz edilmiş ve Üsküdar’ın imgeleri belirlenmiştir. Bu imgeler mekânsal bellek ve kentlinin kent mekânıyla kurduğu ilişkiyi biçimlendirmesi bakımından önem taşımaktadır.
19. Yüzyılda Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’ndaki Demiryolu Seferberliğinin İstanbul’un Kentsel Dönüşümüne Etkileri ve Pera Örneği:
Authors: YAVUZARSLAN Eray
Published: March 2022

19. yüzyılda, sanayileşmenin en önemli sembollerinden birisi demir yollarıdır. Demir yollarının gelişim sürecinde sanayi kentinin kültürel gelişimine katkıları oldukça fazladır. Batı’nın sanayi devrimini yaşadığı dönemde henüz sanayileşme ile hiçbir bağı olmayan Osmanlı Devleti, Batı’dan sadece demir yolu ulaşım sistemini almış ve bir seferberlik ile topraklarında bu sistemi kullanmıştır. Bu anlamda demir yolu ulaşımının 19. yüzyıl Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki en büyük yankıları başkent İstanbul’da kendisini göstermiştir. Anadolu hattının son noktası olan Haydarpaşa İstasyonu ile Rumeli hattının son noktası olan Sirkeci İstasyonu, İstanbul’daki şehircilik anlamında kültürel dönüşümün en önemli sembolleridir. Hicaz ve Bağdat bağlantılı Anadolu hattı, başkentin her türlü tüketim ihtiyacını karşılamışken, Rumeli hattının Avrupa ile olan bağlantısı topraklara Batı’ya dair her ne var ise kolaylıkla girişine sebep olmuştur. Bu çalışma yapılırken, demir yollarının en büyük tesiri İstanbul’un karşı kıyısı kabul edilecek olan Pera ve çevresine yaptığı tespit edilmiştir. Pera’nın demir yollarının gelişimi ile başlayan Avrupa’ya bağlantısı İstanbul’un genel çehresinde önemli bir değişikliğe sebep olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki demir yolu seferberliğinin, başkent İstanbul’un kentsel ve kültürel dönüşümündeki katkıları incelenmiştir.
Bölgesel Ekonomik Dayanıklılık Çerçevesinde Türkiye İBBS Düzey-2 Bölgelerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ALBAYRAK FAKIOĞLU Pelin
Published: March 2022

Küreselleşme ve neoliberalizm ile birlikte ülkelerin kalkınma politikalarında ve bölge planlamalarında farklılıklar oluşmuş, yeni teoriler ve politikalar gündeme gelmiştir. Özellikle neoliberal politikaların yoğun bir şekilde hissedilmeye başlandığı 1970’li yıllardan itibaren bölge planlamasında sırasıyla sürdürülebilirlik, adaptasyon, esneklik gibi birçok kavram üzerinde durulmuş ve bu kavramlar araştırılmaya başlanmıştır. Bölgesel ekonomik dayanıklılık kavramı ise son zamanlarda üzerinde durulan, bölge planlamasına bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla bakmayı ve bu açı üzerinden politikaların geliştirilmesini amaçlayan yeni bir kavramdır. Bölgesel ekonomik dayanıklılık kavramı kısaca; bölgenin, rekabetçi bir pazarda, bir şok ya da etkiden kendini kurtarabilme yeteneği ya da öteki bir bakış açısıyla, bölgenin kalkınma/gelişme yolunda gösterdiği yetenektir. Kavram, halen geliştirilmekte ve değişen dünya dinamikleriyle beraber şekillenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışma kapsamında öncelikle derinlemesine literatür taraması yapılmıştır, ikinci aşamada ise Türkiye’nin İBBS Düzey-2 Bölgeleri’ni kapsayan, 2004-2020 yılları arasında dayanıklılığı etkileyebilecek parametrelere bakılarak bir analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Türkiye’nin İBBS Düzey-2 Bölgeleri kapsamında yapılan bu analizde, çalışılan dönem içerisinde belirgin olan 2008/2009 küresel krizi üzerinde durulmuş, bölgelerin resesyondan etkilenme ve resesyon sonrası toparlanma hızları arasında ne denli bağlantı olup olmadığı araştırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; krizin niteliğinin, bölgelerin iç/dış dinamiklere bağlılık düzeyinin, bölge gelişmişlik düzeylerinin, ülkelerin bölgesel kalkınma politikaları kapsamında yaptıkları yaptırımların hem krizde hem kriz sonrası toparlanma döneminde bir hayli önemli olduğu görülmüştür.
Petrogenic and Biogenic Inputs of n-alkanes along Shoreline of
the Caspian Sea in the Mazandaran Province, North of Iran
Authors: Raheb Hosseini Bizaki Seyed , Reza Rabbani Ahmad , Riyahi Bakhtiari Alireza , Cheraghi Mitra , Babaie Parisa
Published: March 2022

The Caspian Sea is the largest lake in the world and is facing an increasing risk of contamination. Sea-based and land-based hydrocarbons inputs are the most critical pollutants of the Caspian Sea. In the present study, n-alkanes and related diagnostic ratios were used to identify the sources of hydrocarbon contaminants in surface sediments along the southern coastal area of the Caspian Sea in Mazandaran province. 27 surface sediment samples were collected from a depth of 5 meters under sea level. Contaminant’s compositions were extracted by Soxhlet apparatus and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. According to the results, the total concentration of n- alkanes (ΣHC) ranged from 5.2 µg g-1 to 690.7 µg g-1. The S20 (selected station in Noshahr port) had the highest concentration, and most of the stations have levels in a moderate range. Five diagnostic ratios are used to distinguish petrogenic and biogenic contaminants in shorelines of the Mazandaran province. In all stations, Carbon Preference Index (CPI), LMW/HMW, Pr/n-C17, Phy/n-C18, Pr/Phy, and U/R values indicated the petrogenic inputs. However, in some stations biogenic inputs were additionally detected. The petrogenic pollutants were almost from sea-based inputs such as oil spills from Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan. On the other hand, biogenic contaminants were almost from rivers and Hyrcania forests.
E-recepta a wykluczenie cyfrowe – wokół potrzeby tworzenia rozwiązań prawnych
Authors: Kwiatkowska Ewa M.
Published: March 2022

Cel naukowy: Przedstawienie możliwości wykorzystywania funkcjonalności e-recept w Polsce w perspektywie uwarunkowań społecznych, demograficznych i technicznych oraz wskazanie koniecznych zmian w tym zakresie.
Problem i metody badawcze: W celu przeanalizowania, czy w świetle uwarunkowań prawnych i społecznych e-recepty mogą przynosić świadczeniobiorcom dodatkowe – w porównaniu do papierowych recept – korzyści, przeanalizowano dane statystyczne i regulacje prawne, wykorzystując metodę logiczno-językową.
Proces wywodu: Na kanwie postępującej cyfryzacji i procesu starzenia się społeczeństw przedstawiono poziom e-wykluczenia, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem seniorów. Scharakteryzowano funkcjonowanie Internetowego Konta Pacjenta (IKP) i e-recepty oraz wskazano na konieczne do wprowadzenia zmiany, tak aby funkcjonalność e-recepty nie zależała od poziomu kompetencji cyfrowych świadczeniobiorców.
Wyniki analizy naukowej: Wśród seniorów w Polsce wykluczenie cyfrowe wynosi blisko 57%. Odsetek posiadających aktywną aplikację IKP jest niewielki, szczególnie wśród osób starszych. Tym samym dla większości pacjentów e-recepta sprowadza się do posiadania wydruku informacyjnego o e-recepcie lub 4-cyfrowego kodu.
Wnioski, innowacje, rekomendacje: W związku z wysokim poziomem e-wykluczenia, szczególnie w populacji osób starszych, konieczne jest implementowanie, wraz z rozwiązaniami cyfrowymi, rozwiązań prawnych umożliwiających pełne korzystanie z usług zdrowotnych także osobom nieposługującym się nowoczesnymi technologiami. Rozwiązaniem takim mogłoby być wprowadzenie obowiązku etykietowania leków wydawanych w aptece, tak aby do informacji dotyczących recepty i leku, które aktywny użytkownik IKP znajduje na swoim koncie, dostęp mieli także e-wykluczeni.
Dominika Karwath-Zielińska (rec.) Mateusz Nieć, Tomasz Litwin, Krzysztof Łabędź, Populizm – modele i praktyka. Polskie odniesienia
Authors: Karwoth-Zielińska Dominika
Published: March 2022

W ostatnich latach zjawisko populizmu cieszy się coraz większym zainteresowaniem, co znajduje odzwierciedlenie zarówno w dyskursie naukowym, jak i polemikach publicystycznych. Pomimo wielu opracowań to zagadnienie o wymiarze globalnym pozostaje niedoprecyzowane, rozumiane jako zagrożenie dla współczesnej demokracji lub jako nieodłączny element życia politycznego...
Adiksi Internet Sebagai Salah Satu Dampak Negatif Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Selama Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Ratulangi Annastasya G. , Kairupan Bernabas H. R. , Dundu Anita E.
Published: March 2022

Abstract: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic causes a change in the learning process, in which schools must implement distance learning to prevent the spreading of the virus. In distance learning the use of internet will increase both for learning and for recreation. This situation could turn internet addiction as one of the negative impacts of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine internet addiction and internet use in students on distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.This research was made in the form of a literature review using three databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmed, and ClinicalKey. The literatures should be in the form of English or Indonesian, created within this year (2020) and can be accessed in fulltext. Based on the result of 10 studies, it was found that there is an increase of internet use and internet addiction among student during the pandemic COVID-19. An increase of internet use has the potential to increase the internet addiction in the future. In conclusion, internet addiction is one of the negative impacts that can occur and increase on students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords: internet addiction, student, distance learning, COVID-19 pandemic  Abstrak: Pandemi Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) memberi perubahan dalam proses pembelajaran, di mana sekolah harus menerapkan pembelajaran jarak jauh untuk mencegah penyebaran virus. Dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh penggunaan internet akan meningkat, baik untuk pembelajaran maupun untuk rekreasi. Situasi ini dapat menjadikan adiksi internet menjadi salah satu dampak negatif pada pembelajaran jarak jauh selama pandemi COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adiksi internet dan penggunaan internet pada pelajar selama pembelajaran jarak jauh di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini dibuat dalam bentuk literature review dengan menggunakan tiga database, yaitu Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ClinicalKey. Literatur yang akan digunakan dapat berbentuk Bahasa Inggris dan atau Bahasa Indonesia, dalam jangka waktu 1 tahun terakhir (2020) dan dapat diakses secara penuh. Berdasarkan hasil dari 10 penelitian, ditemukan adanya peningkatan penggunaan internet dan adiksi internet pada pelajar selama pandemi COVID-19. Peningkatan penggunaan internet ini dapat berpotensi meningkatkan adiksi internet di masa mendatang. Sebagai simpulan, adiksi internet merupakan salah satu dampak negatif yang dapat terjadi dan meningkat pada pelajar selama pembelajaran jarak jauh di masa pandemi COVID-19.Kata Kunci: adiksi internet, pelajar, pembelajaran jarak jauh, pandemi COVID-19
Contractual concept relationships in specialist prosthodontic health services
Authors: Raodah  , Eri Hendra Jubhari
Published: March 2022

Relationships between doctors and patients in the field of medicine, also known as therapeutic transactions, in which both parties have rights and obligations that must be carried out fairly and in a balanced manner. A contractual notion or agreement, which is a written or oral agreement made by two or more parties, is required for the connection to be balanced. In health care, there are two sorts of legal ties between patients and doctors: therapeutic contracts and relationships governed by laws and regulations. When a first relationship is formed, it begins with a (unwritten) agreement that assumes both parties' wishes would be met once an agreement is reached. Regulatory interactions typically occur because doctors' obligations are imposed by their profession without the requirement for patient permission. In interdependent health services, the contractual idea relationship between doctors and patients can be balanced if each party understands their rights and obligations. Either a lawsuit based on default or an alleged legal infraction is the issue. The plaintiff (patient) must be able to show that the defendant's (doctor's) fault or carelessness caused the patient's injury. Both parties must be aware of their rights and obligations in order for the contractual relationship between a doctor and a patient to be balanced. The most crucial thing to understand about the contractual notion in prosthodontic specialized health services is ethics. Dental ethics is defined as the application of moral concepts and virtues to the profession of dentistry.
Content of Volume 10 Issue 2 Agustus 2021
Authors: Makassar Dental Journal
Published: March 2022

Daftar isi Makassar Dental Journal Volume 10 No 2 Agustus 2021
Interceptive orthodontic treatment need index for children in mixed dentition (study on 8-11 years old children at SDK Santo Yoseph 1 Denpasar)
Authors: Walianto Surwandi , Syahrul Dwis , Hidajah Norman , Rahina Yudha , Walianto Adiguna Putra
Published: March 2022

Objective: Mixed dentition is a stage where teeth of both deciduous and permanent dentition are seen from 6-12 years of age and most malocclusions make their appearance during this stage. Interceptive orthodontic treatment aims to recognize and elimina-te dental irregularities in the developing dentofacial complex to prevents malocclusion from worsening in the future. Intercepti-ve Orthodontic Treatment Need Index (I-OTNI) is an interceptive orthodontic treatment filtering instrument on children in mixed dentition. The aim of this study is to know the age of highest interceptive orthodontic treatment need on 8-11 years old child-ren in mixed dentition at SDK Santo Yoseph 1 Denpasar. Methods: Descriptive study with cross sectional approach, with sam-ples that match the inclusion criteria, conducted by intraoral examination for identification and fill in I-OCN form for classi-fication based on orthodontic treatment need. Result: 56.81% samples of 8 years old children, 46.34% samples of 9 years old children, 30.43% samples of 10 years old children, and 32.55% samples of 11 years old children need interceptive orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: Children at 8 years of age is the highest need of interceptive orthodontic treatment followed by 9 years of age. The 8 and 9-years-old children need more interceptive orthodontic treatment than 10 and 11-years old children that mea-sured using I-OTNI at SDK Santo Yoseph 1 Denpasar.
Early detection and manifestation of leukemia in the oral cavity of the child
Authors: Inayah Yayah , Sumintarti  , Horax Sherly , Fajriani  , Marhamah
Published: March 2022

Cancer is a chronic disease and is the third leading cause of death in children aged 1-14 years. About one third of cancer in child-ren is leukemia with an incidence of 9 cases per 100,000 population. Leukemia is a malignancy of blood cells originating from the bone marrow and can occur in children and adults. Early detection of oral lesions is very important for the prevention and treatment of complications that may arise during therapy, a better prognosis, lower morbidity and mortality for that disease. Oral manifestations of leukemia are gingival enlargement and spontaneous bleeding, oral ulceration, petechiae, hematoma and pale mucosa. Oral lesions occur in both acute and chronic forms of all types of leukemia and are more common in the acute stage. Dental care for patients with leukemia should be focused on preventing injury, local control of gingival bleeding by re-moving the biofilm, and prevention of oral infection. Oral hygiene by brushing teeth, use of fluoride, and a non-cariogenic diet should also be emphasized during treatment.
Diagnosis gangguan temporomandibular pada anak
Authors: Damayanti Lusy , Runkat Jakobus
Published: March 2022

Tindakan paling penting yang dapat dilakukan terhadap pasien adalah menegakkan diagnosis yang tepat. Hal tersebut merupakan dasar untuk keberhasilan. Untuk menangani gangguan temporomandibular pada anak secara efektif, klinisi harus memahami berbagai jenis manifestasi klinis dan penyebabnya. Para klinisi harus ingat bahwa untuk setiap diagnosis, terdapat perawatan yang sesuai. Tidak ada suatu perawatan tunggal yang sesuai untuk seluruh kelainan temporomandibula. Oleh karena itu, menegakkan diagnosis yang tepat merupakan bagian yang paling penting dalam penanganan masalah ini. Dalam banyak kasus, keberhasilan perawatan tidak bergantung pada seberapa baik perawatan dilakukan tetapi pada seberapa sesuai perawatan yang dilakukan terhadap kelainan tersebut. Dengan kata lain, diagnosis yang sesuai merupakan kunci keberhasilan perawatan. Pada tulisan ini dibahas mengenai pedoman cara mendiagnosis gangguan dan nyeri temporomandibular serta penatalaksanaannya. Beberapa hal yang harus dipenuhi, antara lain anamnesis, pemeriksaan intra oral dan ekstra oral, serta pemeriksaan foto ronsen untuk membantu menegakkan diagnosis. Diharapkan para klinisi dapat memahami dan mengaplikasikannya dalam praktek sehari-hari.
Efek merokok terhadap perubahan pH, laju aliran dan kadar kalsium saliva pada laki-laki di kelurahan padang bulan medan (The effects of smoking on the changes of salivary pH, flow rates and calcium level on male in Padang Bulan District Medan)
Authors: R Lisna Unita , T Agnes
Published: March 2022

Kebiasaan merokok dapat menimbulkan masalah kesehatan karena menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya beberapa kelainan rongga mulut. Saliva merupakan cairan biologis dalam rongga mulut yang pertama kali terpapar asap pada saat merokok. Paparan asap rokok yang mengandung zat-zat kimia dapat memengaruhi kuantitas, kualitas serta elektrolit saliva. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan pH, laju aliran dan kadar ion kalsium saliva pada perokok kretek dan bukan perokok di Kelurahan Padang Bulan Medan. Jenis Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah analitik observasi dengan rancangan cross sectional. Pengambilan saliva dilakukan dengan metode spitting dan saliva yang diambil adalah stimulated saliva dari 50 orang subjek, yaitu 25 subjek perokok dan 25 bukan perokok. Subjek diinstruksikan mengunyah paraffin wax selama 5 menit dan meludahkan saliva ke dalam pot saliva kemudian dibawa ke laboratorium untuk diperiksa pH, laju aliran dan kadar ion kalsium saliva. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai rerata pH saliva perokok 5,93±0,28 dan pada bukan perokok 6,86±0,38, nilai rerata laju aliran saliva perokok 0,23± 0,10 mL/menit dan pada bukan perokok 2,18±0,71 mL/menit, kadar ion kalsium saliva perokok 2,64±0,39 mmol/L dan bukan perokok 1,69±0,44 mmol/L. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok perokok dan bukan perokok terhadap pH, laju aliran dan kadar kalsium saliva. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini terdapat efek merokok terhadap penurunan pH, laju aliran dan peningkatan kadar ion kalsium saliva pada laki-laki di Kelurahan Padang Bulan Medan.
Daftar Isi Volume 9 Nomor 2 Agustus 2020
Authors: MDJ-PDGI
Published: March 2022

Daftar Isi Volume 9 Nomor 2 Agustus 2020