bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heart Rate Measurement Accuracy of Fitbit Charge 4 and Samsung Galaxy Watch Active2: Device Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Nissen Michael , Slim Syrine , Jäger Katharina , Flaucher Madeleine , Huebner Hanna , Danzberger Nina , Fasching Peter A , Beckmann Matthias W , Gradl Stefan , Eskofier Bjoern M
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Fitness trackers and smart watches are frequently used to collect data in longitudinal medical studies. They allow continuous recording in real-life settings, potentially revealing previously uncaptured variabilities of biophysiological parameters and diseases. Adequate device accuracy is a prerequisite for meaningful research.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the heart rate recording accuracy in two previously unvalidated devices: Fitbit Charge 4 and Samsung Galaxy Watch Active2.

METHODS

Participants performed a study protocol comprising 5 resting and sedentary, 2 low-intensity, and 3 high-intensity exercise phases, lasting an average of 19 minutes 27 seconds. Participants wore two wearables simultaneously during all activities: Fitbit Charge 4 and Samsung Galaxy Watch Active2. Reference heart rate data were recorded using a medically certified Holter electrocardiogram. The data of the reference and evaluated devices were synchronized and compared at 1-second intervals. The mean, mean absolute error, mean absolute percentage error, Lin concordance correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman plots were analyzed.

RESULTS

A total of 23 healthy adults (mean age 24.2, SD 4.6 years) participated in our study. Overall, and across all activities, the Fitbit Charge 4 slightly underestimated the heart rate, whereas the Samsung Galaxy Watch Active2 overestimated it (−1.66 beats per minute [bpm]/3.84 bpm). The Fitbit Charge 4 achieved a lower mean absolute error during resting and sedentary activities (seated rest: 7.8 vs 9.4; typing: 8.1 vs 11.6; laying down [left]: 7.2 vs 9.4; laying down [back]: 6.0 vs 8.6; and walking slowly: 6.8 vs 7.7 bpm), whereas the Samsung Galaxy Watch Active2 performed better during and after low- and high-intensity activities (standing up: 12.3 vs 9.0; walking fast: 6.1 vs 5.8; stairs: 8.8 vs 6.9; squats: 15.7 vs 6.1; resting: 9.6 vs 5.6 bpm).

CONCLUSIONS

Device accuracy varied with activity. Overall, both devices achieved a mean absolute percentage error of just <10%. Thus, they were considered to produce valid results based on the limits established by previous work in the field. Neither device reached sufficient accuracy during seated rest or keyboard typing. Thus, both devices may be eligible for use in respective studies; however, researchers should consider their individual study requirements.
Testing Artificial Intelligence Algorithms in the Real World: Lessons From the SMARTI Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Felmingham Claire , Byars Gabrielle , Cumming Simon , Brack Jane , Ge Zongyuan , MacNamara Samantha , Haskett Martin , Wolfe Rory , Mar Victoria
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

A number of studies have shown promising performance of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for diagnosis of lesions in skin cancer. To date, none of these have assessed algorithm performance in the real-world setting.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this project is to evaluate practical issues of implementing a convolutional neural network developed by MoleMap Ltd and Monash University eResearch in the clinical setting.

METHODS

Participants were recruited from the Alfred Hospital and Skin Health Institute, Melbourne, Australia, from November 1, 2019, to May 30, 2021. Any skin lesions of concern and at least two additional lesions were imaged using a proprietary dermoscopic camera. Images were uploaded directly to the study database by the research nurse via a custom interface installed on a clinic laptop. Doctors recorded their diagnosis and management plan for each lesion in real time. A pre-post study design was used. In the preintervention period, participating doctors were blinded to AI lesion assessment. An interim safety analysis for AI accuracy was then performed. In the postintervention period, the AI algorithm classified lesions as benign, malignant, or uncertain after the doctors’ initial assessment had been made. Doctors then had the opportunity to record an updated diagnosis and management plan. After discussing the AI diagnosis with the patient, a final management plan was agreed upon.

RESULTS

Participants at both sites were high risk (for example, having a history of melanoma or being transplant recipients). 743 lesions were imaged in 214 participants. In total, 28 dermatology trainees and 17 consultant dermatologists provided diagnoses and management decisions, and 3 experienced teledermatologists provided remote assessments. A dedicated research nurse was essential to oversee study processes, maintain study documents, and assist with clinical workflow. In cases where AI algorithm and consultant dermatologist diagnoses were discordant, participant anxiety was an important factor in the final agreed management plan to biopsy or not.

CONCLUSIONS

Although AI algorithms are likely to be of most use in the primary care setting, higher event rates in specialist settings are important for the initial assessment of algorithm safety and accuracy. This study highlighted the importance of considering workflow issues and doctor-patient-AI interactions prior to larger-scale trials in community-based practices.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04040114; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04040114
Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria in Health Care Facilities: Exploring Links With Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene in Gaza, Palestine (Preprint)
Authors: Abushomar Reem , Zeitoun Mark , Abu Sittah Ghassan , Abu Fayad Antoine , Abbara Aula , El Achi Nassim , Elmanama Abdelraouf
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global phenomenon; however, its link to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) remains underexplored, particularly in health care facilities where humanitarian crises prevail.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify AMR bacteria in samples collected from WASH services in 2 hospitals in Gaza and to investigate the presence of AMR genes.

METHODS

A hospital-based cross-sectional study to detect and identify antimicrobial resistance bacteria was conducted. Random samples from water, wastewater, soap, and surface swabs (n=345) were collected from Al-Shifa and European Gaza hospitals and screened for the presence of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial susceptibility, extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production, carbapenem resistance, and AMR genes were investigated.

RESULTS

High levels of bacterial contamination were detected in water and surface swab samples with an overall percentage of 34.1%. Moreover, 22% of the identified Enterobacteriaceae was positive for ESBL, and 14% was positive for modified Hodge test. Over 2/3 of isolated Enterobacteriaceae in water and wastewater samples was found to be resistant to amikacin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and imipenem. All Enterobacteriaceae isolates from swab samples were found to be resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone; 13.8% of S. aureus in water samples was methicillin resistant. The prevalence of ESBL genes among Enterobacteriaceae isolates was 25% OXA, 19.4% SHV, 2.8% KPC, 66.7% TEM, 41.7% blaCTXM, and 5.6% blaCTXM-3. For carbapenem-resistant gene (MDM), the prevalence among Enterobacteriaceae was 11.1%, and among Pseudomonas was 12.5%. The antibiotic susceptibility profile was also presented for Pseudomonas, Enterococcus, and S. aureus.

CONCLUSIONS

The results underline the level of contamination with AMR bacteria in WASH samples and highlight the need to consider the safety of WASH service at health care facilities as an essential aspect in the fight against the spread of AMR and to interrupt nosocomial transmission.
Exponential growth bias of infectious diseases: a systematic review protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Berg Siv Hilde , Lungu Daniel Adrian , Brønnick Kolbjørn , Harthug Stig , Røislien Jo
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Humans have fundamental difficulties to grasp the extent of exponential growth, which is fundamental to grasp the extent of a spreading infectious disease. Exponential growth bias is the pervasive tendency to linearize exponential functions when assessing them intuitively.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aims to identify, evaluate and synthesise the findings of empirical studies concerning exponential growth bias of infectious diseases

METHODS

A systematic review will be conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Risk of bias will be assessed using ROBINS-2 and STROBE. Data synthesis will be achieved through a narrative synthesis

RESULTS

As of February 2022, we included 11 studies, see PRISMA flow diagram, figure 1. This comprises 10 quasi-experimental studies and one cross sectional survey study. Preliminary themes identified are: The presence and effect of EGB of infectious diseases, visual and educational strategies to mitigate EGB of infectious diseases. Data extraction, narrative synthesis and risk of bias assessment will be expected to be due June 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review concludes on limitation of the research and drawing some lines related to how people comprehend and misperceive exponential growth and its’ consequences for mitigating infectious diseases. Furthermore, the study will give recommendations for communication of exponential growth of infectious diseases and suggestion for future research.
Standardizing Cranioplasty Outcomes Following Stroke or Traumatic Brain Injury: Protocol for the Development of a Core Outcome Set (Preprint)
Authors: Mee Harry , Castaño-Leon Ana M , Timofeev Ivan , Adeleye Amos , Devi Bhagavatula Indira , Marklund Niklas , Muehlschlegel Susanne , Bond Katie , Clement Clare , Grieve Kirsty , Owen Nicola , Whiting Gemma , Turner Carole , Rubiano Escobar Andres Mariano , Shukla Dhaval , Paul Maria , Allanson Judith , Pomeroy Valerie , Viaroli Edoardo , Warburton Elizabeth , Wells Adam , Hawryluk Gregory , Helmy Adel , Anwar Fahim , Honeybul Stephen , Hutchinson Peter , Kolias Angelos
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Core outcome sets (COSs) are important and necessary as they help standardize reporting in research studies. Cranioplasty following traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke is becoming increasingly common, leading to an ever-growing clinical and research interest, especially regarding the optimal material, cost-effectiveness, and timing of cranioplasty concerning neurological recovery and complications. Consequently, heterogeneous reporting of outcomes from such diverse studies has led to limited meta-analysis ability and an ongoing risk of outcome reporting bias. This study aims to define a standardized COS for reporting in all future TBI and stroke cranioplasty studies.

OBJECTIVE

This study has four aims: (1) undertake a systematic review to collate the most current outcome measures used within the cranioplasty literature; (2) undertake a qualitative study to understand better the views of clinicians, patients' relatives, and allied health professionals regarding clinical outcomes following cranioplasty; (3) undertake a Delphi survey as part of the process of gaining consensus for the COS; and (4) finalize consensus through a consensus meeting resulting in the COS.

METHODS

An international steering committee has been formed to guide the development of the COS. In addition, recommendations from other clinical initiatives such as COMET (Core Outcomes and Effectiveness Trials) and OMERACT (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology) have been adhered to. Phase 1 is data collection through a systematic review and qualitative study. Phase 2 is the COS development through a Delphi survey and consensus meetings with consensus definitions decided and agreed upon before the Delphi survey begins to avoid bias.

RESULTS

Phase 1 started at the end of 2019, following ethical approval in December 2019, and the project completion date is planned for the end of 2022 or beginning of 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

This study should result in a consensus on a COS for cranioplasty, following TBI or stroke, to help standardize outcome reporting for future studies, which can be applied to future research and clinical services, help align future studies, build an increased understanding of cranioplasty and its impact on a patient’s function and recovery, and help standardize the evidence base.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/37442
Chinese Artists Living Abroad: Art, Cultural Identity and Hybridity
Authors: Zhang Suixin.
Published: February 2022

This article will reveal the discussion of identity conflict between past and present Chinese art practice abroad through reflection on the Art works- Trace, and through Homi Bhabha’s theory of identity hybridization. It seeks to explore the significance of the individual and its connection to the globalized art theme.
Efectividad de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real (PCR-RT) e Inmunodot en el diagnóstico temprano de leptospirosis: análisis comparativo con la prueba de Microaglutinación (MAT)
Authors: Núñez María Zunilda , Fortuna María Lucía , Veras Bienvenido , Medina Aseret , Mena Luis , Gutiérrez Elizabeth , Ramírez Cristobalina , Vargas Coral , Aybar Argelia
Published: February 2022

Introducción: la leptospirosis es una enfermedad infecciosa producida por espiroquetas del género Leptospira. Se disemina a través de la orina de animales domésticos, con mayor frecuencia por roedores. En República Dominicana se necesitan pruebas confiables para el diagnóstico en etapas tempranas de la enfermedad. En el presente trabajo se aborda la validez diagnóstica del PCR en Tiempo Real y del IGM (INMUNODOT) en comparación con la prueba de Microaglutinación (MAT).

Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal con 69 pacientes admitidos en el Hospital Regional “José María Cabral y Báez” con diagnóstico presuntivo de leptospirosis desde el 2010 hasta el 2012.

Resultados: del total de los casos (69), la mayoría fueron del sexo masculino (94.2 %), menores de 49 años (79.4 %) y provenían de la provincia de Santiago (58 %).

La mortalidad fue de 52.1 % de los cuales 52.3 % fueron reportados positivos para Leptospira y 47.6 % resultaron negativos según el MAT.

Al comparar los resultados de PCR en relación al MAT se obtuvo una sensibilidad de 27.3 % y una especificidad de 80 %. Los resultados del PCR y del Immunodot fueron equivalentes.

Conclusión: en el presente trabajo la realización del PCR en sangre, después del 5to día de inicio de la enfermedad, no demostró ser mejor que la Inmunodot para la detección temprana de la enfermedad, al contrastarlos con el resultado del MAT. En República Dominicana, los casos hospitalizados con diagnóstico presuntivo de leptospirosis permanecen con muy alta mortalidad. Por tanto, es prioritario optimizar el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de estos casos. En este estudio, los casos confirmados con Leptospirosis que fallecieron indican que debe actualizarse el protocolo de tratamiento y asegurarse que pueda implementarse. Por otra parte, los casos no confirmados fallecidos exigen investigar otras causas de enfermedad como la Infección por Hanta Virus.
Análisis económico de un modelo educativo de seguridad humana en los Bateyes del Suroeste de la República Dominicana
Authors: Perez Then Eddy , Beier John C. , Shor Posner Gail , Porcelain Sherri L. , McCoy Clyde B. , McCollister Kathryn E. , Metsch Lisa , De Moya Antonio , Chapman Helena , Ammann Arthur
Published: February 2022

Objetivos: realizar un análisis económico para evaluar los costos de una intervención educativa, utilizando los principios de un modelo de seguridad humana en Bateyes del suroeste de la República Dominicana.

Métodos: se consideraron cuatro recursos de intervención, incluyendo la capacitación del personal, los incentivos mensuales, la supervisión de las actividades de campo y el costo total asociado al tratamiento anual de la diarrea aguda. El gasto se comparó entre el programa estándar de atención (Batey Control) y la intervención con el modelo de seguridad humana (Batey Caso).

Resultados: el ahorro del costo total anual para el Ministerio de Salud de República Dominicana asociado con la reducción de la incidencia de episodios de diarrea aguda fue de US$252,399. Si se extrapolan a los 300 Bateyes de República Dominicana, se podría ahorrar aproximadamente US$75 millones en prevención de enfermedades infecciosas.

Conclusiones: el modelo de seguridad humana luce ser un método eficaz para mejorar el conocimiento sobre la prevención de enfermedades y aumentar el empoderamiento de la comunidad para la movilización de recursos. Aplicada a otros entornos, la intervención podría tener una incidencia beneficiosa en las poblaciones de refugiados e indocumentados bajo el impacto de la violencia estructural.
Peran Remaja Masjid dalam Meningkatkan Kemakmuran Masjid Sabilil Jannah di Kampung Doy, Banda Aceh
Authors: Hizbun Al-Faiyadh bin Sulaiman  , Fadhilah
Published: February 2022

The study aims to know how the mosque youth's contribution to increase mosque prosperity and to know what obstacles the youth are facing during the youth activities of the sabili jannah mosque. The research method used is qualitative research methods with a phenomenon approach to get data relating to the mosque's youth and its constriction in masijid sabilil jannah. Where as data analysis in the field with models miles and Huberman, that is, the data collection is repeated and complete. As for the results of his research, that is: (1) the mosque youth had a chance to vacuum, whether it was his vision and mission or his work program. (2) the role of mosque youth is not effective because most members are inactive after their fellow members' first meeting. (3) because the less-active member of the mosque youth index helps the sabilil jannah mosque BKM, not even the mosque's youth work program is launched. (4) the lack of awareness of mosque adolescent members who are less active toward the importance of organization has thus affected other members' being hampered. (5) the preoccupation of youth with their work has led to the hindering organization of mosque youth. (6) the obstacles facing the youth of the mosque, in general, are due to lectures and covid-19. (7) the image of the sabilil jannah mosque goes down because of the inactivity of the mosque's youth.
The morphological and ecological variation of Arctostaphylos (Ericaceae) fruit: a link between plant ecology and animal foraging behavior
Authors: Crowe Rebecca , Parker V.
Published: February 2022

Persistent soil seed banks are characteristic of Arctostaphylos
(Ericaceae) species in the Mediterranean-climate California Floristic
Province. While most species are obligate seeders, regeneration of
stands of all Arctostaphylos species ultimately depends on
post-fire seedling recruitment. Arctostaphylos seed banks are
created, in large part, by scatter-hoarding rodents. Variation in fruit
morphology, therefore, is expected to impact the
Arctostaphylos-rodent interaction. Seeds produce sufficient
rewards (nutritious mature embryo) to entice rodents to disperse and
ultimately bury seeds in the soil. Hard seed coats increase the time
required to extract the embryo, encouraging rodents to choose storage
over immediate predation, and endocarps are frequently empty. We
assessed the variation of fruit endocarp fusion and seed viability among
species of Arctostaphylos. Factors such as latitude, elevation,
life history, ploidy, and phylogenetic position were also analyzed.
Generalized mixed effects models were used to determine the factors
contributing to variation in fruit endocarp fusion and viability. Our
results indicate that fruit volume and shape are the most important
variables affecting endocarp fusion and seed viability. Additionally,
other potential influences only show a weak correlation and are not
predicted to significantly impact fruit endocarp fusion or viability.
These findings provide insight into evolved strategies used by plants to
increase reproductive success via scatter-hoarding rodents. Our study
benefits the conservation and restoration of Arctostaphylos
stands by emphasizing the importance of animal-mediated dispersal and
providing estimates of seed viability for different species. With the
anticipated effects of climate change, such as departures from historic
fire regimes, the preservation of the relationship between plants and
animal foragers is crucial for the continued survival of
Arctostaphylos and California’s evergreen chaparral.
Primary pericardial malignant mesothelioma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Chen qiansu , Gong Nailin , Liu Lude
Published: February 2022

Background : Primary pericardial malignant mesothelioma is a
highly malignant and rare tumor. We present a case of primary
pericardial malignant mesothelioma in an adult male patient and review
the relevant literature to extend the understanding of the disease.
Methods: The patient underwent pericardial decortication
through the cardiopulmonary bypass, which effectively relieved the
clinical symptoms caused by the tumor blockage.
Results:Postoperative pathological diagnosis and
immunohistochemistry resulted in primary pericardial malignant
mesothelioma. The patient recovered after surgery and was followed up
regularly after discharge. Conclusions: Primary pericardial
malignant mesothelioma lacks characteristic clinical and imaging
manifestations, invariably resulting in misdiagnosis. Pathological
results combined with immunohistochemistry are the gold standard for
diagnosis. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, but the prognosis is
extremely poor.
Clot in Transit: Early Intervention with Early Recovery
Authors: Walk Casey , Katchen Sarah , Nardy Vincent
Published: February 2022

48-year-old female presented with dyspnea and fatigue in June 2020. CT
imaging found pulmonary embolus and a heparin drip was initiated. She
later developed chest pain which led to an echocardiogram. This imaging
noted biatrial thrombus extending through mitral and tricuspid valve, as
well as through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) (Fig. 1, 2). She underwent
emergent sternotomy, left and right atrial embolectomy, left and right
pulmonary embolectomy, and atrial septal defect closure (Fig. 3). She
progressed well post op and was discharged on postoperative day 7 on
therapeutic anticoagulation. Remains in good condition on follow up on
long term follow up.
Incidental detection of accessory mitral valve in adolescent with Atrial Septal Defect: Diagnosis with 3D Transesophageal Echocardiography and Excision with Transaortic Method
Authors: Azak Emine , Aydın Nuri Hakan , Ecevit Niyazi Ata , Çetin İlker , Golbasi Zehra
Published: February 2022

Background: Accessory mitral valve tissue (AMVT) is an
extremely rare causes left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction
and is usually incidentally detected in childhood. It is often
associated with other cardiac and vascular congenital malformations.
Case Presentation: In this case, we present a 15-year-old girl
was diagnosed with AMVT by transesophageal echocardiography, resulting
in LVOT obstruction during systole. Interestingly enough, the patient’s
accessory mitral valve remained undetected for years until he became
symptomatic for wide ASD. Successful closure of the ASD with resection
of the AMVT was performed with a transaortic approach. The patient was
hemodynamically stable postoperatively. There were no abnormalities in
the mitral valves and LVOT. Conclusion: It was also unusual to
see AMVT with ASD instead of other frequently associated other
congenital anomalies. Accessory mitral valve should be considered a rare
but important cause of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in
childhood.
Population pharmacokinetics of esomeprazole in patients with preterm preeclampsia
Authors: Gebreyesus Manna Semere , Decloedt Eric , Cluver Catherine A , Hunfeld Nicole , Helgadottir Holmfridur , Björnsson Einar , Wasmann Roeland , Denti Paolo
Published: February 2022

Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor being investigated for treatment
of preeclampsia. Esomeprazole pharmacokinetics during pregnancy is
unknown. We used data from 10 pregnant patients with preterm
preeclampsia, and 49 non-pregnant individuals to develop a population
pharmacokinetic model of esomeprazole. A two-compartment model described
the data well. In pregnant patients after single dose, clearance was
42.2% (14.9%– 61.6%) lower compared to non-pregnant, most likely due
to downregulation of CYP2C19. In non-pregnant after repeated dosing,
clearance was 54.9% (48.2% – 63.5%) lower in extensive metabolizers
and bioavailability was 33% (10.0% – 52.0%) higher compared to
single dosing, which could be due to autoinhibition of CYP2C19.
Esomeprazole pharmacokinetics during pregnancy appears to be more
dependent on CYP3A4.
A Review of Potential Threats in Supply Chain Cyber Security
Authors:   1Department of Computer Technology, School of Technology, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu 2Williams College of Business, Xavier University, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA., Sarumi J.A , Okunoye A.
Published: March 2022

The same Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) that have contributed tremendously to the productivity of supply chain companies and governments alike, as well as to the global competitiveness of the European Union, ex- pose modern societies to a range of cyber threats. ICT systems are fundamental to ensure that undisrupted flows of merchandise and critical supplies, such as oil, minerals, rare earths, pharmaceuticals and food are moved in and out of the EU territory. Past events have revealed the vulnerability of global supply chains to crime and terrorism. However, previous research does not highlight how these threats may be affected with the support of cyber-attacks. Hence, by means of a literature review and experts’ validation, this study develops a set of three scenarios that outline how cybercrime could jeopardize security of supply chains and, consequently, the well- being of European citizens. Finally, implications for managers and EU agencies are discussed. Keywords: supply chain security, supply chain crime, cybercrime, cybersecurity, cyber threats. Journal Reference Format: Sarumi, J.A. & Okunoye, A. (2021): An Evaluation of Potential Threats in Supply Chain Cyber Security
Cyber-Crime and Cyber Security Perception in Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Computer Science Lagos State University of Science & Technology Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria, Sarumi J.A.
Published: March 2022

As the Internet came into widespread commercial use, the nature of computer crimes began to shift. ‘While in some crimes, one component of the crime may have been committed using an electronic instrument, in other crimes, the crime as a whole is committed in the online or electronic environment. These crimes, known as cybercrimes, generally occur in the virtual community of the Internet or in cyberspace. As a result of this, all innocent internet users should inculcate the habit of continuously updating their knowledge about the ever changing nature of information technologies. We explore the various types of cybercrimes in Nigeria, their causes, effects and perception of cyber crimes and cyber security among users of the cyberspace Keywords: Cyber-crime, Countermeasures, Fraud, Cyber Criminals, Perception, Cyberspace
An Android-Based Image Steganography System for Concealing Data and Information Transmission Using Adaptive Image Steganography
Authors:   Department of Computer Science Lagos State Polytechnic Ikorodu, Lagos Nigeria, Sarumi J.A.
Published: March 2022

The growth in the volume of information transmission and transaction over the internet has necessitated the development and enhancement of measures and techniques required to ensure the safety of critical information during transmission. with developments in mobile technologies and the adoption and diffusion of android mobile devices, research must therefore continue to explore more secured media in which information can be hidden. One of such medium is the use of image carriers referred to as steganography. In tis paper, we provide insughts into the development of an android-based Image Steganography System for concealing data and information using adaptive image steganography. The Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithm was employed as the algorithmic sequence for the development. Preliminary results from implementation and testing showed promising results Keywords: Android, image steganography, data, information, transmission, images, security
An Empirical Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Computer-Based Network Security and Firewall in Banking Systems
Authors:   1Department of Computer Technology, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria 2Faculty of Computational Sciences & Informatics, Academic city University College, Accra, Ghana 3Department of Computer Studies, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Nigeria, Sarumi J.A. , Longe O.B. , Adelodun F.O.
Published: March 2022

As more banking operations are migrated into the digital platform, customers have continued to enjoy better seamless banking services. In consonance with this, concerns have also continued to rise about the effectiveness of the strategies adopted by banks to mitigate different forms of attackers targeted at operational platforms by unscrupulous elements. Using a case study, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of the Computer-Based Network Security and Firewall In banking Systems. This study employed the use of online questionnaires as a means of data collection. Our study adopted the survey method to access the subject matter. Findings from the research showed that Nigerian banks rarely experience malicious attacks of any form on their systems and equally identified network security strategies adopted by Nigerian Banks. An application was developed using C# to further contribute towards the security of banking systems Keywords: Banks, Systems, Security, network, cybercrime, Fraud, Cyber Criminals DOI: dx.doi.org/ Available online at www.isteams.net/mathematics-computationaljournal.
Network Security Based On Two-Factor Authentication System.
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria Faculty of Computational Sciences & Informatics, Academic City University, Accra, Ghana, Sarumi Jerry Abayomi
Published: March 2022

The paper examined the network security based on a two-factor authentication login system using OTP with SMS. The quest for the application of tighter security measures to web, desktop and mobile applications developed has been a major concern to a lot of people. Faced with the challenges of poor security and vulnerability of users, resulting to applications being hacked by unauthorized people, this research delved into developing a more secured login application that sends a secret pass code to the registered phone number of a user for identification purpose. The aim of the application is basically to ensure that users are safe, and all logins are authorized. The application was developed with PHP, MYSQL, CSS, BOOTSTRAP, HTML technologies and WAMP Server. Keywords: Geno-generative, database, sensor, swarm, Top-k
Digital Futures for Accountants
Authors: Igou Amy , Power Daniel J. , Brosnan Sandra , Heavin Ciara
Published: March 2022

Digital innovations are disrupting the accounting profession, and this disruption is likely to increase. Artificial intelligence (AI) applications, blockchain, and decision support technologies are moving beyond the “hype” stage to adoption in the accounting profession. Although accountants are gaining a greater understanding of the potential of these technologies, there is limited consensus on using these new capabilities in the accounting domain and how they are likely to impact the profession. This study investigates the potential impact of emerging technologies on the accountant’s role. A review of six relevant international accounting journals was conducted, focusing on keywords relating to these emerging technologies and articles published between 2011 and 2020. The articles examined are used to understand what the digital future looks like for the accounting profession. The article considers how the accounting profession needs to transform to utilize these technologies and how accountants can play an integral role in digital transformation.
Online melt pool depth estimation in laser metal deposition using a coaxial thermography system
Authors: Jeon Ikgeun , Sohn Hoon
Published: March 2022

One of the most important parameters influencing the quality of laser metal deposition (LMD) parts is the melt pool depth, which is defined as the distance from the top surface of the substrate to the deepest point of the melt pool. In this study, an online melt pool depth estimation technique is developed using a coaxial thermography system integrated into the LMD process. First, using an infrared camera and a charge-coupled device camera, the melt pool width and length as well as the layer height were measured in real time. The surface melt pool profile was then defined, and the temperature distribution within the deposited layer was calculated by solving a laser-induced heat conduction equation. Finally, the melt pool depth is estimated online. Variations in the laser power, printing speed, build temperature, and material were used in validation tests of the proposed technique, and the results were compared with microscopic inspections. The results showed that the proposed technique can accurately estimate the melt pool depth to within 2%.
Web-Based School Library Information System with Wordpress Vocational High School
Authors: Hendriani Rita Hendriani , Indrawan Eko
Published: March 2022

Pengelolaan sistem informasi administrasi yang baik merupakan faktor penting dalam proses administrasi perpustakaan sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sistem informasi perpustakaan sekolah berbais web dengan wordpress dan untuk mengimplementasikan sistem yang dirancang. Data-data yang digunakan dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik observasi dan wawancara serta dokumentasi. Jenis metode pengembangan yang digunakan adalah Research and Develompment (R&D). Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model waterfall. Prinsip pendekatan sistem yang diterapkan model ini terdiri dari lima tahap, yaitu analisis, disain, coding, pengujian serta implementasi & maintenance. Sedangkan platform CMS yang digunakan adalah Wordpress serta software phpMyAdmin sebagai bahasa pemrograman dan MySQL sebagai manajemen basis data (pengelola database). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem informasi perpustakaan sekolah berbasis web dengan wordpress yang dirancang dinyatakan valid dan praktis untuk dapat digunakan sebagai sistem informasi perpustakaan sekolah. Secara keseluruhan, sistem informasi perpustakaan sekolah berbasis web ini akan mampu memberikan layanan perpustakaan yang lebih baik bagi siswa, guru dan staf. Sehingga keberadaan sistem informasi perpustakaan sekolah berbasis web dengan wordpress memberikan beberapa manfaat dalam proses pelaksanaan layanan perpustakaan.
Dampak Model Bermain Peran Terhadap Hasil Belajar PPKn Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Fitriani Desi , Nurafni Nurafni
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh hasil belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran bermain peran terhadap hasil belajar PPKn kelas V SD. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian Pretest Posttest Control Design. Sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik sampling jenuh. Pada uji validitas dengan menggunakan Korelasi Point Biserial sebanyak 30 soal pilihan ganda dengan 20 soal valid dan 10 soal drop. Sedangkan pada uji reliabilitas menggunakan rumus KR-20 memperoleh rhitung = 0,85>rtabel 0,361 maka data tersebut memiliki instrument yang reliabel. Selanjutnya data dianalisis uji persyaratan yaitu uji normalitas dengan menggunakan uji Liliefors diperoleh Lhitung pretest kelas kontrol (0,081<0,161) pretest eksperimen (0,130<0,161) dan untuk posttest kelas kontrol (0,106<0,161) posttest eksperimen (0,156<0,161) maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa data berdistribusi normal. Sedangkan uji homogenitas dengan menggunakan uji Fisher diperoleh Fhitung Fhitung Pretest (1,17 < 1,86) dan Fhitung Posttest (1,20 < 1,86) maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa uji homogenitas tersebut memiliki data varians kelompok berdistribusi homogen. Pada uji hipotesis digunakan uji-t diperoleh Thitung = 3,368 dengan dk = 58, sedangkan Ttabel pada taraf signifikansi (α) = 0,05 dengan dk = 58 ialah sebesar 1,672. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan tersebut diperoleh bahwa Thitung > Ttabel (3,368 > 1,672) maka artinya adalah H0 (hipotesis nol) ditolak dan H1 (hipotesis kerja) diterima. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan dan dinyatakan bahwa adanya pengaruh positif yang signifikan pada penggunaan model role playing terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar.
The Implementation of Learning Vocabulary Using Flashcard for Young Children Through Google Classroom
Authors: Yuliantari I Gusti Ayu Winda , Padmadewi Ni Nyoman , Budasi I Gede
Published: February 2022

Vocabulary learning is one of the essential elements for young learners. This study aims to analyze the planning and implementation of flashcards in Google Classroom to teach vocabulary and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of flashcards in Google Classroom. This research is a case study with an English teacher in the fifth grade of elementary school. Data was collected using a list of observations and interview guides. The procedure for collecting data is conducting online observations in Google Classroom and conducting interviews with research subjects. The data collected was analyzed qualitatively with the analytical technique of Miles and Huberman. The results showed that there were four planning activities: checking the syllabus, determining the text or material to be taught, determining the teaching method, and preparing a lesson plan. Second, teachers do three stages in implementing flashcards in Google Classroom, namely Initial Activities, Core Activities, and Closing Activities. Third, the advantages of using flashcards in Google Classroom are motivating students to learn, avoiding boredom, building student interest, and helping students remember vocabulary according to pictures. This research implies that the use of flashcards to teach vocabulary using Google Classroom can positively impact students, especially young learners.
Using Bright–English for Beginners Application to Enrich Students’ Vocabulary
Authors: Liando Nitha V. F. , Mangare Alfiani R. D. , Olii Sanerita Tresnawaty
Published: February 2022

The main problem for Indonesian English learners is the lack of vocabulary. During the teaching and learning process, most students often need more time to complete the tasks given by the teacher. Students have to translate the text word by word because their vocabulary is limited. It takes a long time, so achieving learning objectives is less effective. In practice, language is complex for students to understand. This study aims to analyze whether the Bright – English for Beginners application can enrich students' vocabulary or not. It is quantitative research with a pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test. This research was conducted on class VII students consisting of 22 students. The methods used to collect data are observation, interviews, and tests. The instruments used to analyze the data are questionnaires and question sheets in analyzing the data obtained using descriptive statistics. The study results were that there was a statistically significant difference between the pre-test (before treatment) and post-test (after treatment). The mean pre-test score was 34.62, while the mean post-test was 88.25. Post-test achievement is higher than pre-test achievement. The findings of this study reveal that the use of the Bright – English for Beginners application significantly enriches students' vocabulary. As a result, it can be concluded that the Bright – English for Beginners application effectively improves students' vocabulary.
Student Engagement on the Implementation of Online English Learning
Authors: Putri Ni Putu Werdhi , Hadi Saputra I   Nyoman Pasek , Pratiwi Ni Putu Astiti
Published: February 2022

The English teacher does not involve a net meeting during online English learning. The net meeting is vital because it becomes a space for students to communicate and interact with their friends and teachers. It can trigger feelings, and they do not want to be actively involved in learning English online because they cannot experience the actual teaching experience and interact with their peers and teachers directly. This study aims to analyze student interactions and the difficulties involved in online English learning. This research uses mixed research methods by following a sequential explanatory research design. The sample in this study consisted of 140 students and was selected using the cluster random sampling technique. The process of collecting data in this study was carried out by distributing questionnaires and conducting interviews. The results of this study indicate that the involvement of students during online English learning is included in the high level seen from every aspect. However, there are some difficulties involved in learning English online, including internet connection problems, boredom, and loss of concentration, which psychologically affect motivation. Then, the slow response makes it difficult for students to contract online. In addition, the limited knowledge of English and the lack of direct interaction with the teacher, which makes students understand English subject matter independently, and the lack of direct interaction with fellow students also establish friendships with other students.
Students’ Perception on The Use of Google Classroom in English Online Learning at A Rural Junior High School
Authors: Periani Ketut , P. E. D Suputra
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused the learning process initially done in class to turn into online learning. It causes teachers to need media to support online learning. The current problem is the limited student network due to geographical conditions. The students were also confused about operating Google Classroom under certain conditions due to a lack of knowledge about using the pedagogical platform. This study aimed to analyze students' perceptions of the use of google classroom in online English learning in rural high schools. This research was designed using a qualitative study. Data was collected through 2 instruments, namely questionnaires and interviews. Then, Miles and Huberman's theory is used in analyzing data where data analysis consists of four parts: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing/verification. The study results are. First, students' perceptions of Google Classroom as an online learning medium are categorized as positive. Second, the obstacles faced by students during the implementation of Google Classroom in online learning are limited interaction between students because students focus on interacting with teachers, and students consider Google Classroom ineffective because it cannot adapt to applications as seen from student responses when some of them do not understand about features in Google Classroom. Third, students have complaints when accessing Google Classroom where students cannot join classes because they do not have cellular data, which means they cannot access Google Classroom and cannot study online courses. Fourth, students are late submitting assignments because they are waiting for cellular and internet data. It can be concluded that the use of google classroom in learning experiences several obstacles, so it needs to be considered.
Language Choice Used by EFL Teachers in Classroom Language during the Online Learning
Authors: Rizaldi Faiz
Published: February 2022

Penerapan pembelajaran online akibat Covid-19 telah menjadi fenomena yang banyak diperbincangkan di dunia pendidikan khususnya dalam proses belajar mengajar bahasa Inggris. Pembelajaran online diterapkan di sekolah masih terdapat kesulitan yang dihadapi oleh guru dan siswa baik secara teknis maupun nonteknis. Evaluasi terhadap pembelajaran online jarang dilakukan, sehingga belum ditemukan solusi yang signifikan untuk mengatasi kesulitan dalam melakukan pembelajaran online. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi guru EFL terhadap pembelajaran online selama pandemi Covid-19 dengan berfokus pada evaluasi aspek konteks pembelajaran. Metode kualitatif digunakan sebagai desain penelitian dengan mengadaptasi Model CIPPO. Data dikumpulkan melalui beberapa teknik, seperti; observasi, dokumentasi, administrasi angket, dan wawancara. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran online pada masa pandemi covid-19 sudah efektif dan berjalan dengan baik. Namun, guru harus meningkatkan keterampilan mengajar mereka, terutama selama pembelajaran online, untuk membuat siswa bersemangat untuk belajar, terutama dalam belajar bahasa Inggris. Selain itu, guru harus membuat media pembelajaran yang menarik, atau merancang materi pembelajaran yang kreatif untuk menarik perhatian siswa. Di sisi lain, peran keterlibatan orang tua juga penting dalam bidang ini. Hal ini dikarenakan siswa lebih banyak menghabiskan waktunya di rumah. Oleh karena itu, orang tua harus mendukung penuh anak-anaknya, seperti menyediakan smartphone yang sesuai untuk kelas belajar online mereka, juga kouta internet.
Uso de la minería de datos para la caracterización de investigadores y cuerpos académicos
Authors: Menéndez Domínguez Víctor H. , Guerrero Sosa Jared D.T. , Castellanos Bolaños María Enriqueta , Cervera Pérez José William
Published: February 2022

En este trabajo se presentan los comportamientos y tendencias en la producción académica de profesores asociados a una universidad pública del sureste de México. Se empleó una aplicación propia que recopila y procesa la producción de los académicos publicada en Scopus. Para el análisis de la información se utilizaron técnicas de minería de datos para clasificar la producción de cuerpos académicos, la relación de académicos activos con base en el número de publicaciones recientes y su grado de certificación, los grupos definidos según los campus de la universidad, así como reglas para identificar las tendencias de los grupos de investigadores. Uno de los descubrimientos fue la correlación del número de integrantes de un grupo con su producción, y la correlación entre la producción indizada y no indizada de los académicos. Si bien el estudio fue hecho para una universidad en particular, la metodología puede ser reproducida para situaciones similares.