bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Neuroimaging Profile of Neonates With Moderate-to-Severe Encephalopathy Treated With Therapeutic Hypothermia
Authors: Diggikar Shivashankar , Venkatagiri Praveen , Kulkarni Srikanth , Sharma Deepa , Chandra Prathap
Published: October 2022

Objective:

To demonstrate the clinical and neuroimaging profile of infants with moderate-to-severe encephalopathy after therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in the Indian setting. The secondary objective was to determine the logistics involved in performing neuroimaging in these infants.

Design and Setting:

A retrospective descriptive study in 2 tertiary centers.

Methods:

All infants who underwent cooling in both centers from January 2019 to December 2019 were included. Demographic data, details of cooling, clinical and neuroimaging profile (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] and magnetic resonance spectroscopy [MRS]), and details of the logistics involved in performing the imaging (sedation, neonatal transport, personnel, distance traveled, and time taken) were collected and analyzed.

Results:

A total of 44 infants were enrolled of which 37 (84.0%) underwent both TH and neuroimaging (MRI and MRS). A total of 33 (75.0%) of infants were outborn, 20 (45.5%) of them had sentinel events before delivery and 17 (38.6%) were intubated at birth. Apgar score <5 min was seen in 8 (18.2%) and seizures in 23 (52.3%) of infants. A total of 37 (84.1%) survived until discharge and underwent neuroimaging. Neuroimaging was performed between 5 and 14 days after birth. The most common abnormal finding on MRI brain was the signal changes in watershed areas of brain 8 (18.2%) and on MRS was low N-acetyl aspartate and high lactate 13 (29.5%). Midazolam (68.2%) and Triclofos (15.2%) were the sedatives used during neuroimaging these infants.

Conclusion:

TH for infants with neonatal encephalopathy resulted in excellent survival outcomes in tertiary private sector hospitals.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Training Program for Treatment Foster Parents in an Urban Community
Authors: Eisenberg Rachel A. , McCurdy Barry L. , Rutherford Laura E. , Stricker Laina , Dever Bridget V.
Published: October 2022

Treatment foster care (TFC) provides critical mental health supports for youth with emotional, behavioral, and social difficulties who are at risk for adverse long-term outcomes. Existing evidence-based models of TFC are effective, yet resource-intensive, and they have relied primarily on evidence of implementation effectiveness with samples of non-minority parents. Recent research highlights the efficacy of an emerging, socially acceptable model that integrates existing evidence-based practices with usual care. This study applied the new model, Together Facing the Challenge (TFTC), within an urban TFC program. Trained TFC program staff delivered the TFTC training to foster parents in two cohorts. Foster parents reported child problem and prosocial behaviors pre-, mid-, and post-training, as well as 1, 3, and 12 months after the training. Results indicated that foster parents demonstrated an increase in knowledge of TFTC skills following the training and were satisfied with the training. Child problem behaviors significantly decreased over time. There were no significant changes in prosocial behavior over time. Implications of this study include the replication and extension of the use of TFTC, an evidence-based and resource-efficient intervention, to reduce problem behaviors of TFC children in urban settings.
Active/passive vibration isolation with multi-axis transmission control: Analysis and experiment
Authors: Ren Mingke , He Peitao , Xie Xiling , Zhang Zhiyi
Published: October 2022

It is necessary to cut off all vibration transmission paths for an active vibration isolation system. A greater suppression of local responses will result in a better overall attenuation. In order to realize impediment at possible transmission paths, a new scenario of multi-axis transmission control is proposed, in which the active/passive isolator attenuates vibration transmission at multi-degrees of freedom by vertical and horizontal actuators mounted orthogonally on the intermediate inertial mass. This scenario is able to weaken the cross-coupling of control action between isolators by the passive parts. In order to investigate the characteristics of multi-axis transmission control, the dynamic model of a partitioned isolation system with one active/passive isolator is established and the involved transmission control is analyzed. The numerical results show that the foundation vibration can be attenuated along with the decrease of vibrations of the intermediate inertial mass. It is further revealed by experimental results that the multi-axis transmission control at the intermediate inertial mass is necessary to achieve sufficient vibration attenuation in the foundation, whereas the control in a single axis is ineffective. These verified results imply that the active/passive isolation with local transmission path control makes it possible to apply decentralized control in a large active vibration isolation system.
Asymptotic theory for the inextensional flexure and twist of plastically deformed thin rods
Authors: Shirani Milad , Steigmann David
Published: October 2022

A concise derivation of Kirchhoff’s theory for naturally curved and twisted rods is presented as a prelude to the derivation of the theory for the elastic response of rods that have undergone prior plastic deformation.
Digital Engagement on Social Media: How Food Image Content Influences Social Media and Influencer Marketing Outcomes
Authors: Abell Annika , Biswas Dipayan
Published: October 2022

Social media is emerging as a powerful platform for marketing communications. More than half of the world's population, companies, influencers, and celebrities use social media platforms to promote a desired image and advertise ideas and products. Social media users and influencers document many different aspects of their lives to the public. In that regard, one type of product prominently portrayed on social media is food. The present research investigates how the type of food (healthy vs. unhealthy) featured next to a person in a social media ad or influencer post impacts online engagement. The results of four studies, including a field experiment on Facebook, reveal that an image of a healthy (vs. an unhealthy) food adjacent to a person leads to higher engagement and higher likelihood to try a recommended product. This effect is driven by greater identification with the person in the image when the adjacent food is healthy (vs. unhealthy).
Tumor Lysis Syndrome: A Rare Complication of Metastatic Gastric Cancer and a Possible Indicator of Disease Progression
Authors: Barakat Salim , Abdallah Batoul , Finianos Antoine , Mahmasani Layal Al
Published: October 2022

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncologic emergency that is usually associated with hematologic malignancies either spontaneously or following early chemotherapy and is caused by massive tumor cell lysis. However, it has been rarely reported in solid tumors. We report a case of 25-year-old lady recently diagnosed with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma who developed TLS after the fourth cycle of chemoimmunotherapy (FOLFOX plus Nivolumab). She presented with abdominal pain, decrease in oral intake and decreased urine output. Laboratory studies showed acute kidney injury with electrolyte disturbances and was diagnosed initially with autoimmune nephritis secondary to Nivolumab but was later found to have TLS and recovered after appropriate treatment. Soon after this complication, our patient was found to have disease progression on imaging which makes the incidence of TLS an indicator of disease progression.
Impact of the Russia–Ukraine war on hospitality equity markets
Authors: Balli Faruk , Billah Mabruk , Chowdhury Iftekhar
Published: October 2022

This study explores the impact of the Russian–Ukraine war on the hospitality equity sector market for the selected 26 countries. It reveals a sharp spike in the return connectivity at the onset of the war. The return of the sector materializes more sensitivity when tourism demand from Russia and Ukraine is more extensive and when a country has a higher energy dependency on Russia. Overall results consistently stipulate the aspect of the efficient market hypothesis.
Discourse Formation of Political Dissents via Twitter: Political Sociology of the Subversion Discourse in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Beidollahkhani Arash
Published: October 2022

Four decades after the Islamic Revolution in Iran and the rise of the Islamic Republic (IR) system, several anti-IR groups have emerged. In the past, the disorganized structure of these groups, their flaws, and dissonance over a common criterion to support or oppose IR and its activities posed some obstacles to their unity. However, over the last decade, they have reached consensus over the subversion of the IR. As a decentralized and disorganized social movement emerging in the wake of 2017 and 2019 protests, this discourse has gained momentum among the political activists, and more people are joining this trend every day, and it is very popular on Persian language social media, especially on Twitter. Loss of faith in the reforms of the IR is one of the issues upon which this discourse movement has reached a general consensus. By exploring and describing the main signifiers of the disorganized subversion discourse in Iran, the article seeks to identify its major characteristics through the qualitative-descriptive analysis of Farsi Twitter content. The research method was the content analysis of Farsi Twitter hashtags of the most popular user accounts belonging to the subversive movement in Iran by extracting the main signifiers and their discourse analysis to examine the main characteristics of the subversion discourse in Iran after 2017.
Hashtag feminism in a blocked context: The mechanisms of unfolding and disrupting #rape on Persian Twitter
Authors: Kermani Hossein , Hooman Niloofar
Published: October 2022

Despite the growing body of literature on hashtag feminism in Western contexts, there is still a significant gap in our knowledge of the ways that feminist hashtag movements are developed in authoritarian societies. Moreover, we do not know much about the mechanisms by which a feminist hashtag movement is disrupted, particularly in non-democratic regimes. Drawing on and contributing to the hashtag feminism literature, we undertook a discursive approach to examine #rape on Persian Twitter to address these gaps. Findings showed that #rape was a space for Iranian users to share abusive experiences, but they went further to discuss barriers of disclosing sexual assault as well. Developing resistive strategies and raising awareness about other muted groups such as LGBTQIA+ were other discursive practices in articulating #rape. This article also pushes forward the existing literature on hashtag feminism by providing empirical analyses of the ways that a feminist movement is disrupted.
Scarcity and surveillance in early childhood education
Authors: Sloan Katie
Published: October 2022

At a time when national discourse in the USA centers the need for professionalization, regulation, and surveillance, this article emphasizes the ways in which neoliberal logics harm those working in early childhood education in the USA. While stakeholders at every level debate proposed solutions to the early childhood education crisis, largely related to furthering regulation, this article brings forward the voices of those doing the work and rejects the idea that neoliberal logics will lead us collectively away from a situation that they created. Guided by the tenets of critical qualitative inquiry, I use narrative inquiry to explore the stories of early childhood educators working in an underfunded, undervalued field. In this article, I highlight two resonant themes that spanned the participants’ narratives, which are related to the impacts of scarcity and surveillance in early childhood education spaces. Based on my findings, I make the claim that early childhood education professionals are strained by increased regulation and surveillance amidst an already toxic prevalence of scarcity of various forms, and that shifts to further regulate the field should consider the voices of the people working in these spaces.
Giving and belonging: Religious networks of Sub-Saharan African Muslims in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Jiang Qiuyu
Published: October 2022

This paper presents empirical data on how religious giving structures African Muslims’ transnational lives in Guangzhou, China. It provides insight into mechanisms of mutual aid within a socially and economically marginalized migrant group in a Muslim-minority society. I argue that in this context Islamic charitable giving helps enable African Muslims to cope with everyday challenges, especially those related to their tenuous immigration statuses and social exclusion. Giving that promotes mutual charity is especially important for African Muslims in Guangzhou since the city’s formal welfare system is inaccessible to most migrants. The article argues that African Muslims’ religious giving creates a social network that safeguards group members from socioeconomic hardship and offers African Migrants a sense of belonging. It concludes by discussing the limitations of religious giving when ties of religious engagement are weak, with individuals failing to fulfil their religious responsibilities in the eyes of the community.
The combination of segmentation and self-explanation to enhance video-based learning
Authors: Zheng Hua , Branch Robert Maribe , Ding Lu , Kim Dongho , Jung Eulho , Lu Zhenqiu , Li Tong , Pan Zilong , Yoon Meehyun
Published: October 2022

This study examined the effects of an integrated approach that combines segmentation and self-explanation designs on learner achievement for meaningful video-based learning. This was a pretest-posttest research design with a sample size of 121 participants randomly assigned to one of four different types of video instructions (continuous, segmentation, self-explanation, or the combination of segmentation and self-explanation). Participants engaged in video instruction that used either a continuous video or segmented video clips and incorporated either self-explanation prompts or no self-explanation prompts. The results showed that participants in the combination and segmentation conditions outperformed those in the continuous condition in evaluation ability, and participants in the combination condition outperformed those in the continuous condition in the overall performance after controlling for prior knowledge. The current study indicates that the combined design can effectively facilitate student learning by engaging them in meaningful video-based learning.
Fabricating lightweight ceramics by spraying clay on knitted structures
Authors: Gosch Lukas , Jauk Julian , Vašatko Hana , Šamec Elizabeta , Raffaelli Matteo , Rutzinger Stefan , Stavric Milena
Published: October 2022

This research was carried out to develop a novel composite material consisting of a thread reinforcement and a clay matrix, as well as to develop a method of shaping this material into hollow spatial structures. Ceramic elements in the building industry are currently created by applying extruding, pressing and casting methods. The approach of spraying clay onto predefined knitted meshes increases the usability of digitally fabricated lightweight ceramic elements, while eliminating the need for scaffolding. In this approach, multiple layers of a fluid clay mass are sprayed onto the tensioned mesh using an industrial, six-axis robotic arm. This allows the precise application of the material and results in varying material thicknesses. Due to the complementary qualities of clay which absorbs compressive forces and threads which absorb tensile forces, lightweight structures can be created. The research involved experimenting with clay mixtures, several thread types, knitting methods and spraying techniques, as well as fabricating a 1:1 lightweight module as an architectural prototype.
Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Pulmonary Ground-Glass Nodules Using Computed Tomography Radiomics Parameters
Authors: liang Ling , zhang Haiyan , Lei Haike , Zhou Hong , Wu Yongzhong , shen Jiang
Published: October 2022

Objective: To assess the clinical value of a radiomics model based on low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in diagnosing benign and malignant pulmonary ground-glass nodules. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 274 patients who underwent LDCT scanning with the identification of pulmonary ground-glass nodules from January 2018 to March 2021. All patients had complete clinical and pathological data. The cases were randomly divided into 191 cases in a training set and 83 cases in a validation set using the random sampling method and a 7:3 ratio. Based on the predictor sources, we established clinical, radiomics, and combined prediction models in the training set. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated for the training and validation sets, the predictive abilities of the different models for benign and malignant nodules were compared according to the area under the curve (AUC), and the model with the best predictive ability was selected. A calibration curve was plotted to test the good-of-fitness of the model in the validation set. Results: Of the 274 patients (84 males and 190 females), 156 had malignant, and 118 had benign nodules. The univariate analysis showed a statistically significant difference in nodule position between benign nodules and lung adenocarcinoma in both data sets ( P <.001 and .021). In the training set, when the nodule diameter was >8 mm, the probability of nodule malignancy increased ( P < .001). The results showed that the combined model had a higher prediction ability than the other two models. The combined model could distinguish between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules in the training set (AUC: 0.711; 95%CI: 0.634-0.787; ACC: 0.696; sensitivity: 0.617; specificity: 0.816; PPV:0.835; NPV: 0.585). Moreover, this model could predict benign and malignant nodules in the validation set (AUC: 0.695; 95%CI: 0.574-0.816; ACC: 9.747; sensitivity: 0.694; specificity: 0.824; PPV: 0.850; NPV: 0.651). The calibration curve had a P value of 0.775, indicating that in the validation set, there was no difference between the value predicted by the combined model and the actual observed value and that the result was a good fit. Conclusion: The prediction model combining clinical information and radiomics parameters had a good ability to distinguish benign and malignant pulmonary ground-glass nodules.
Impact of Large Database Studies on Orthopedic Surgery Literature: Are We Advancing the Field?
Authors: N. Tornberg Haley , Cohen Jordan S. , Gu Alex , Wei Chapman , Mortman Ryan , Sculco Peter K. , Thakkar Savyasachi C. , Campbell Joshua C.
Published: October 2022

Background: While database studies have become more prevalent in the literature, there is concern over their value. In addition, the questions they are suitable to answer are limited. Questions/Purposes: We sought to determine the incidence of database studies in the orthopedic literature and in each subspecialty. In addition, we wanted to assess the impact of database studies on the literature by determining whether citations and Altmetric Attention Scores (AAS) varied by study type (studies using internal or external databases and those not using databases). Methods: We searched PubMed for articles published in impactful orthopedic surgery journals in the year 2018. All articles were discoverable on the Altmetric explorer portal database. Impact was determined by journal impact factor. Study design, subspecialty, number of citations, and AAS were obtained. Univariable analyses were conducted between study type, demographic variables, and the outcome of either citation count or AAS. Multivariable analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of the primary outcomes. Subgroup analyses were performed to differentiate the impact of external and internal database studies compared with non-database studies. Results: A total of 2684 total articles were eligible for inclusion. Of these, 366 studies (13.6%) were database studies. Hip and knee articles had the greatest incidence of database studies. Database studies had significantly more citations (5.9 vs 4.0) and significantly higher AAS (12.8 vs 11.3) compared with non-database studies. External database studies had significantly more citations (6.7 vs 4.8) and significantly higher AAS (14.0 vs 10.7) than internal database studies. Internal database studies had higher traditional citation counts but similar AAS to non-database studies. Conclusions: In 2018, database studies in well-reputed orthopedic journals had a greater number of citations but similar AAS compared with non-database studies. Further studies are warranted.
How Do Orthopedic Surgeons Stay Up-to-Date With the Literature? A Survey
Authors: Gross Preston W. , Pascual-Leone Nicolas , D. Fabricant Peter , Doyle Shevaun M.
Published: October 2022

Background: With the rise of social media and other web-based platforms, there has been a shift in how medical research findings are disseminated. Questions/Purposes: We sought to investigate how often orthopedic surgeons use different knowledge-seeking methods and how confident they were in their ability to stay up-to-date. Methods: We distributed a 23-question survey to 120 orthopedic surgeons employed at a single tertiary-care metropolitan orthopedic hospital. The survey collected the surgeons’ use of reference managers, RSS feeds, and preferred methods of staying up-to-date. Respondents were asked to report the number of hours they spent staying up-to-date per week and their success with keeping up with orthopedic specialty literature. Results: A total of 85 physicians responded (median age, 52 years); 83% of respondents who spent 3 or more hours a week in keeping up-to-date with the literature said they felt successful in doing so, while 40% of participants who spent less than 1 hour a week said they felt successful. Fifty-five percent of surgeons under the median age used social media, while only 29% of surgeons over the median age used social media. Conclusions: This survey suggests that spending only 1 to 2 hours per week was enough to make the orthopedic surgeons we surveyed feel confident that they were keeping up with the literature in their specialty. These findings also suggest that it may be more important for surgeons to choose a convenient method of literature review that will enable them to maximize time spent reading, rather than attempting to use any one source.
Interspecific differences in brood desertion by female diving ducks in relation to duckling age and environmental conditions
Authors: Amat Juan A , Rendón Miguel A
Published: October 2022

Studies on brood desertion in birds have been mainly conducted on species with biparental care, and less often on uniparental species. Females of many duck species remain with their ducklings, unassisted by males, during variable periods of time before the chicks can fledge. In this paper, we examined factors that influence brood desertion by female red-crested pochards ( Netta rufina), common pochards ( Aythya ferina) and white-headed ducks ( Oxyura leucocephala) during a 10-year period in lakes in southern Spain that experienced interannual variations in water levels. At an interspecific level, we found that brood desertion was less frequent in the species that nested earlier (red-crested pochard), while it was more frequent in the species that nested later (white-headed duck). Larger (older) ducklings were deserted more frequently than smaller ones in the three species. However, an interaction between flooding conditions in wetlands and species identity on brood desertion, after accounting for chick age, suggests that there were variations between the ducklings of the three species in their requirements for maternal care, conditioned by environmental conditions. Therefore, our study indicates that environmental conditions may affect parental care. A longer duration of brood attendance by female ducks may buffer against adverse effects of environmental conditions.
Algorithmic failure as a humanities methodology: Machine learning's mispredictions identify rich cases for qualitative analysis
Authors: Rettberg Jill Walker
Published: October 2022

This commentary tests a methodology proposed by Munk et al. (2022) for using failed predictions in machine learning as a method to identify ambiguous and rich cases for qualitative analysis. Using a dataset describing actions performed by fictional characters interacting with machine vision technologies in 500 artworks, movies, novels and videogames, I trained a simple machine learning algorithm (using the kNN algorithm in R) to predict whether or not an action was active or passive using only information about the fictional characters. Predictable actions were generally unemotional and unambiguous activities where machine vision technologies were treated as simple tools. Unpredictable actions, that is, actions that the algorithm could not correctly predict, were more ambivalent and emotionally loaded, with more complex power relationships between characters and technologies. The results thus support Munk et al.'s theory that failed predictions can be productively used to identify rich cases for qualitative analysis. This test goes beyond simply replicating Munk et al.'s results by demonstrating that the method can be applied to a broader humanities domain, and that it does not require complex neural networks but can also work with a simpler machine learning algorithm. Further research is needed to develop an understanding of what kinds of data the method is useful for and which kinds of machine learning are most generative. To support this, the R code required to produce the results is included so the test can be replicated. The code can also be reused or adapted to test the method on other datasets.
No Difference in Two-Year Revisions Between Hybrid Fusion and Two-Level Anterior Discectomy and Fusion: A National Database Study
Authors: Raso Jon , Kamalapathy Pramod N. , Mo Kevin , Labaran Lawal , Wang Jesse , Solomon Eric , Hassanzadeh Hamid
Published: October 2022

Study Design

Retrospective Cohort

Objective

This study utilized a large national database to compare two-year revision rates, in addition to complications and costs, of hybrid surgery (HS) compared to two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

Methods

This study used the PearlDiver Mariner dataset selecting for patients aged 18 and older who had at least 90-day active longitudinal follow-up who underwent two-level ACDF or two-level Hybrid surgery (single level ACDF and single level CDA). Patients with prior spinal trauma, infection, cancer, or posterior fusion were excluded. Primary outcomes measures were 90-day major and minor medical complications, ED visits, readmissions, as well as two-year revisions. Patients were also assessed for postoperative dysphagia, incidental durotomy, vascular injury, 90-day surgical site, and implant complications. Additionally, hospitalization and postoperative costs were evaluated.

Results

There were 4570 two-level ACDF surgeries and 888 hybrid surgeries. After matching the cohorts, no statistical differences in demographics were found. There were no differences in reoperation rates at all measured time points nor 2-year complications. HS had a lower incidence of major (1.6% vs 3.1%, P = .003) and minor complications (3.0% vs 4.6%, P = .009) than ACDF. 90-day readmission was lower in the HS cohort (2.8% vs 4.2%), P = .024. HS was associated with reduced hospitalization costs -$2614 (-$3916 to -$904, P < .001). 3516 patients had ACDF, and 699 had HS with at least 2 years of follow-up.

Conclusion

Hybrid surgery is a safe and effective surgical treatment for cervical disease in appropriately selected patients.
Biomechanical Comparison of Subsidence Between Patient-Specific and Non-Patient-Specific Lumbar Interbody Fusion Cages
Authors: Fernandes Renan J.R. , Gee Aaron , Kanawati Andrew J. , Siddiqi Fawaz , Rasoulinejad Parham , Zdero Radovan , Bailey Christopher S.
Published: October 2022

Study Design

Biomechanical study.

Objectives

Several strategies to improve the surface of contact between an interbody device and the endplate have been employed to attenuate the risk of cage subsidence. 3D-printed patient-specific cages have been presented as a promising alternative to help mitigate that risk, but there is a lack of biomechanical evidence supporting their use. We aim to evaluate the biomechanical performance of 3D printed patient-specific lumbar interbody fusion cages in relation to commercial cages in preventing subsidence.

Methods

A cadaveric model is used to investigate the possible advantage of 3D printed patient-specific cages matching the endplate contour using CT-scan imaging in preventing subsidence in relation to commercially available cages (Medtronic Fuse and Capstone). Peak failure force and stiffness were analyzed outcomes for both comparison groups.

Results

PS cages resulted in significantly higher construct stiffness when compared to both commercial cages tested (>59%). PS cage peak failure force was 64% higher when compared to Fuse cage ( P < .001) and 18% higher when compared to Capstone cage ( P = .086).

Conclusions

Patient-specific cages required higher compression forces to produce failure and increased the cage-endplate construct' stiffness, decreasing subsidence risk.
Prevalence and Severity of Chronic Pain in Patients Receiving Mastectomy with Alloplastic Immediate Breast Reconstruction: A Survey Study
Authors: Rogowsky Larissa , Illmann Caroline F. , Macadam Sheina A. , Lennox Peter A. , Van Laeken Nancy , Bovill Esta S. , Doherty Christopher , Isaac Kathryn V.
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. For those undergoing mastectomy, the choice of alloplastic immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) is increasingly favored. Post-operative chronic pain is an important consideration in this decision, but there is a paucity of data for those undergoing alloplastic IBR. We sought to examine the prevalence, severity, and risk factors for the development of chronic pain in this cohort using validated patient-reported outcome measures. Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among patients receiving mastectomy with alloplastic IBR. Participants completed 3 surveys querying chronic pain, specifically the Breast Cancer Pain Questionnaire (BCPQ), Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), and BREAST-Q. Participant medical records were reviewed for demographic and surgical variables. Results: A total of 118 patients participated in the study—a response rate of 33.6%. Chronic pain prevalence was high (52.5%), and only 29.0% of these patients had consulted a physician regarding their pain. Among those reporting chronic pain ( n = 62), the median severity of pain was 3.1 on an 11-point scale. Chronic pain was associated with radiation ( p = .018), bilateral reconstruction ( p = .05), worse emotional health ( p = .0003), less self ( p = .022), and sexual confidence ( p = .044). Inter-tool reliability was high, with no significant difference in responses between the 3 surveys. Conclusion: In this cohort, chronic pain is supported as a significant concern among patients who have undergone mastectomy with alloplastic IBR. Given the burden of chronic pain, there is an opportunity to intervene with preventative measures and support for its management.
Antiracism Education Activism: A Theoretical Framework for Understanding and Promoting Racial Equity
Authors: Diem Sarah , Welton Anjalé D. , Brooks Jeffrey S.
Published: October 2022

Although antiracism activism has contributed to substantive progress under certain circumstances and in certain contexts, little research attempts to theorize how antiracism activism is manifest across contexts. In this article, we explore individual and collective antiracist actions within and outside schools. We introduce a theoretical framework that identifies four domains of activism—policy, community, leadership, and teaching and learning—in which activists operate to make a positive difference in promoting racial equity and antiracism in education. The framework offers a systemic way of thinking about antiracist activism in education and the importance of recognizing that several aspects of antiracist activism usually conceived as distinct are interrelated within and across domains. Indeed, antiracist education activism must be understood holistically and systemically if we seek to dismantle the racism that is woven into every piece of the education system.
Pitch a State: HR’s Role in Site Selection
Authors: Waite Melissa L.
Published: October 2022

Workforce variables routinely place top-of-mind for corporate decision makers in choosing where to locate. This article presents an experiential exercise in which students simulate human resource consultants in a site selection exercise. Suitable for face-to-face or online classes, students work individually, pitching their chosen state to other students. Ideal for a human resource management class, the exercise offers a unique approach to engage students in self-directed learning as they weigh the merits of myriad human resource variables. Students develop their analytical reasoning and persuasive communication skills while being introduced to the field of human resource management.
Becoming Literate: Educational Implications of Coordinated Neuropsychological Development of Reading and Social-Emotional Functioning Among Diverse Youth
Authors: Gotlieb Rebecca J. M. , Immordino-Yang Mary Helen , Gonzalez Emily , Rhinehart Laura , Mahjouri Saara , Pueschel Ellyn , Nadaya Gina
Published: October 2022

Current conversations in literacy research call for the need to consider children’s social-emotional development and academic learning in an integrated way that honors and supports the whole child in their cultural context. Here we review available literatures on the cognitive, linguistic, affective, social and cultural dimensions of typical and atypical reading acquisition and what is known of their neural correlates. From this review, and in consultation with neuro- and psychological scientists and expert educators working in a range of contexts, we derive a series of interdisciplinary Learnings. These describe what is known about how diverse children grow into readers and how literacy development can be optimally supported in school, home and community contexts across the first decades of life. The Learnings together provide a critical cross-disciplinary synthesis of how literacy and social-emotional development are coordinated, individually variable, dynamic and sensitive to contextual influences. They reveal how evidence-based, culturally inclusive, socially attentive and developmentally appropriate instruction is an essential piece of helping every child organize their brain and mind for literacy. Such comprehensive instruction is necessary to address inequities in general and special education, and to help children become fully literate—a designation that goes beyond simply decoding and comprehending text. Impacts of digital technology, and other timely issues and open questions, are also discussed.
Blade coating analysis of carreau fluid model with Magnetohydrodynamics and slip effects
Authors: Mughees M , Sajid M , Sadiq MN , Shahzad H , Ali N
Published: October 2022

Coating is a process that improves and enhances life, quality and efficiency of the web. Common industrial adhesive application to board and paper, metal foils polymer coatings, photographic film emulsions, recording films, textile fabrics, paints, coating on food items, medicine, catalogues are common examples. There are many fluids that are used as coatings. This paper analyses blade coating using both plane as well as exponential geometries along with slip and magnetohydrodynamics effects for a Carreau fluid model. To study the blade coating phenomenon, slip is introduced at the blade surface and a magnetic field is applied normal to the fluid flow. The LAT (Lubrication approximation theory) has been introduced to convert governing partial differential equations into a simpler form and a numerical solution is obtained by using shooting method. The significant physical quantities like volumetric flow rate, pressure, velocity, load, coated film thickness and pressure gradient are discussed in detail. The effects of power law index, slip parameter, Weissenberg number and Hartmann number on these physical quantities are presented. The observations are depicted in tabular data and in the graphical form as well. The Weissenberg number and Hartmann number play a very important role in controlling the load and coated film thickness.
Evaluation of 4 prognostic indices in follicular lymphoma treated in first line with immunochemotherapy
Authors: Rodríguez-Sevilla Juan Jose , Fernández-Rodríguez Concepción , Bento Leyre , Diez-Feijóo Ramón , Pinzón Sergio , Gibert Joan , Fernández-Ibarrondo Lierni , Lafuente Marta , Ferrer Ana , Sánchez-González Blanca , Gimeno Eva , Sainz Juan , Ramos Rafael , García Juan F. , Colomo Lluis , Bellosillo Beatriz , Gutiérrez Antonio , Salar Antonio
Published: October 2022

Several clinical risk models have been proposed to predict the outcome of follicular lymphoma (FL). The development of next-generation sequencing technologies has allowed the integration of somatic gene mutations into clinical scores to build genotyped-based risk models, such as the m7–Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI). We explored 4 clinical or clinicogenetic-risk models in patients with symptomatic FL who received frontline immunochemotherapy. Of 191 patients with FL grades 1 to 3a, 109 were successfully genotyped. The treatment consisted of rituximab (R) plus cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CVP)/cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) (72.5%) or R-bendamustine (R-B) (27.5%). The proportion of cases classified as high risk for FLIPI, FLIPI-2, PRIMA–prognostic index, or m7-FLIPI were 39.3%, 14%, 30.3%, and 22%, respectively. No case with low-intermediate FLIPI was upgraded in the m7-FLIPI, but 18 of the 42 high-risk patients with FLIPI were downgraded to low-risk m7-FLIPI. The sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of POD24 were highest for FLIPI. The discrimination between progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was the best for FLIPI (c-index: 0.644 and 0.727, respectively). When analyzed only in patients treated with R-B, m7-FLIPI showed a higher discrimination between PFS and OS. Thus, the FLIPI remains the clinical risk score with higher discrimination in patients with advanced FL treated with immunochemotherapy; however, the performance of the m7-FLIPI should be further investigated in patients treated with R-B.
Metagenomic analysis reveals differences in the co-occurrence and abundance of viral species in SARS-CoV-2 patients with different severity of disease
Authors: Iša Pavel , Taboada Blanca , García-López Rodrigo , Boukadida Celia , Ramírez-González José Ernesto , Vázquez-Pérez Joel Armando , Hernández-Terán Alejandra , Romero-Espinoza José Ángel , Muñoz-Medina José Esteban , Grajales-Muñiz Concepción , Rincón-Rubio Alma , Matías-Florentino Margarita , Sanchez-Flores Alejandro , Mendieta-Condado Edgar , Barrera-Badillo Gisela , López Susana , Hernández-Rivas Lucía , López-Martínez Irma , Ávila-Ríos Santiago , Arias Carlos F.
Published: October 2022

Background

SARS-CoV-2 infections have a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations whose causes are not completely understood. Some human conditions predispose to severe outcome, like old age or the presence of comorbidities, but many other facets, including coinfections with other viruses, remain poorly characterized.

Methods

In this study, the eukaryotic fraction of the respiratory virome of 120 COVID-19 patients was characterized through whole metagenomic sequencing.

Results

Genetic material from respiratory viruses was detected in 25% of all samples, whereas human viruses other than SARS-CoV-2 were found in 80% of them. Samples from hospitalized and deceased patients presented a higher prevalence of different viruses when compared to ambulatory individuals. Small circular DNA viruses from the Anneloviridae (Torque teno midi virus 8, TTV-like mini virus 19 and 26) and Cycloviridae families (Human associated cyclovirus 10), Human betaherpesvirus 6, were found to be significantly more abundant in samples from deceased and hospitalized patients compared to samples from ambulatory individuals. Similarly, Rotavirus A, Measles morbillivirus and Alphapapilomavirus 10 were significantly more prevalent in deceased patients compared to hospitalized and ambulatory individuals.

Conclusions

Results show the suitability of using metagenomics to characterize a broader peripheric virological landscape of the eukaryotic virome in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with distinct disease outcomes. Identified prevalent viruses in hospitalized and deceased patients may prove important for the targeted exploration of coinfections that may impact prognosis.
Detection of fibular rotational changes in cone beam CT: experimental study in a specimen model
Authors: Beisemann Nils , Tilk Antonella M. , Gierse Jula , Grützner Paul A. , Franke Jochen , Siewerdsen Jeffrey H. , Vetter Sven Y.
Published: October 2022

Background

In syndesmotic injuries, incorrect reduction leads to early arthrosis of the ankle joint. Being able to analyze the reduction result is therefore crucial for obtaining an anatomical reduction. Several studies that assess fibular rotation in the incisura have already been published. The aim of the study was to validate measurement methods that use cone beam computed tomography imaging to detect rotational malpositions of the fibula in a standardized specimen model.

Methods

An artificial Maisonneuve injury was created on 16 pairs of fresh-frozen lower legs. Using a stable instrument, rotational malpositions of 5, 10, and 15° internal and external rotation were generated. For each malposition of the fibula, a cone beam computed tomography scan was performed. Subsequently, the malpositions were measured and statistically evaluated with t-tests using two measuring methods: angle (γ) at 10 mm proximal to the tibial joint line and the angle (δ) at 6 mm distal to the talar joint line.

Results

Rotational malpositions of ≥ 10° could be reliably displayed in the 3D images using the measuring method with angle δ. For angle γ significant results could only be displayed for an external rotation malposition of 15°.

Conclusions

Clinically relevant rotational malpositions of the fibula in comparison with an uninjured contralateral side can be reliably detected using intraoperative 3D imaging with a C-arm cone beam computed tomography. This may allow surgeons to achieve better reduction of fibular malpositions in the incisura tibiofibularis.
Case report long segment myelitis secondary to neuro melioidosis
Authors: Vithoosan Sahathevan , Kumarasiri Asha , Vithanage Nadun Madushanka , Senanayake Bimsara
Published: October 2022

Background

Neuro-melioidosis, comprising 4% of all cases of melioidosis carries a risk of high morbidity and mortality. We describe two Sri Lankan patients presenting with long segment myelitis secondary to melioidosis.

Case presentation

Case 1: 47-year-old male presented with right side hemiparesis which progressed rapidly to quadriparesis. Initial cerebro spinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed protein 76 mg/dl and glucose 72 mg/dl but without a cellular reaction. MRI spine revealed long segment myelitis with contrast enhancement. The patient was treated with intravenous methyl prednisolone pulses (IV MPP) and plasma exchanges(PLEX) on suspicion of an immune mediated myelitis but without success. A repeat MRI revealed high signal changes in the brain stem and along the entire spinal cord with contrast enhancement. MRI brain after treatment with MPP/PLEX showed enhancing hyper intensities along the corticospinal tracts. The repeat CSF revealed protein 1187 mg/dl, glucose 78 mg/dl, lymphocytes 1600/mm3 and neutrophils 10,200/mm3. CSF culture has become positive for Burkholderia pseudomallei. Serum melioidosis antibody titre was 1: 320. He was started on IV meropenem with oral cotrimoxazole for 12 weeks followed by oral co trimoxazole. But he had poor clinical recovery.

Case 2: 47-year-old female presented with bilateral lower limb weakness for 1-week duration. On examination, she had flaccid paraparesis with a sensory level at T11. Inflammatory markers were elevated. CSF analysis revealed protein 50 mg/dl with lymphocytes 172/mm3. MRI pan spine revealed a long segment myelitis. Serum melioidosis antibody titre was 1: 640. She was treated with IV meropenem for 8 weeks followed by oral co-trimoxazole with an excellent clinical and radiological response.

Conclusion

Numerous neurological manifestations have been described with melioidosis, however long segment myelitis with a positive CSF culture is not yet reported. These cases signify the importance of considering melioidosis as a differential in patients with long segment myelitis especially in endemic areas.
Prognostic value of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in adults with non-small cell Lung Cancer: a scoping review
Authors: Liao Kuan , Wang Tianxiao , Coomber-Moore Jake , Wong David C , Gomes Fabio , Faivre-Finn Corinne , Sperrin Matthew , Yorke Janelle , van der Veer Sabine N
Published: October 2022

Background

There is growing interest in the collection and use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to support clinical decision making in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, an overview of research into the prognostic value of PROMs is currently lacking.

Aim

To explore to what extent, how, and how robustly the value of PROMs for prognostic prediction has been investigated in adults diagnosed with NSCLC.

Methods

We systematically searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL Plus and Scopus for English-language articles published from 2011 to 2021 that report prognostic factor study, prognostic model development or validation study. Example data charting forms from the Cochrane Prognosis Methods Group guided our data charting on study characteristics, PROMs as predictors, predicted outcomes, and statistical methods. Two reviewers independently charted the data and critically appraised studies using the QUality In Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool for prognostic factor studies, and the risk of bias assessment section of the Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool (PROBAST) for prognostic model studies.

Results

Our search yielded 2,769 unique titles of which we included 31 studies, reporting the results of 33 unique analyses and models. Out of the 17 PROMs used for prediction, the EORTC QLQ-C30 was most frequently used (16/33); 12/33 analyses used PROM subdomain scores instead of the overall scores. PROMs data was mostly collected at baseline (24/33) and predominantly used to predict survival (32/33) but seldom other clinical outcomes (1/33). Almost all prognostic factor studies (26/27) had moderate to high risk of bias and all four prognostic model development studies had high risk of bias.

Conclusion

There is an emerging body of research into the value of PROMs as a prognostic factor for survival in people with NSCLC but the methodological quality of this research is poor with significant bias. This warrants more robust studies into the prognostic value of PROMs, in particular for predicting outcomes other than survival. This will enable further development of PROM-based prediction models to support clinical decision making in NSCLC.