bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Gambaran Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Vaksinasi Covid-19 Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Harapan Raya
Authors: Halilintar Muhammad Anhsari , Erianti Susi , Mayang Sari Siska
Published: February 2025

Abstrak
Pandemi COVID-19 telah mengancam kesehatan nyawa manusia terkhususnya bagi wilayah Kota Pekanbaru, sehingga program vaksinasi menjadi cara terakhir dan masih terus dilakukan dalam upaya penanggulangannya. Adanya stimulus terkait vaksinasi COVID-19, menimbulkan berbagai respon perilaku dan persepsi masyarakat, baik itu persepsi positif maupun persepsi negatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran persepsi masyarakat terhadap vaksin COVID-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Harapan Raya. Metode penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif, untuk teknik sampling menggunakan aksidental pada 172 responden dengan instrument kuesioner. Analisa data pada penelitian ini adalah univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan 87 responden (50,6%), lebih dominan memiliki persepsi negatif, dengan berbagai alasan dan tingkat keraguan responden, (51,2%) responden masih meragukan vaksin jenis mati (inaktif) memiliki reaksi yang berat dibandingkan vaksin jenis lainnya, (43,0%) responden menjawab vaksin tidak bisa melawan lebih dari satu virus, dan  (37,8%) responden meraguan vaksin COVID-19 melindungi seseorang dalam jangka waktu yang lama. (37,2%) responden menyatakan keraguan vaksin jauh lebih berat ketimbang risiko akibat seseorang tidak memilih divaksin COVID-19. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwasanya masyarakat harus lebih aktif dalam memilah informasi yang baik, dengan adanya edukasi dari pemerintah yang terkait vaksinasi.
Hubungan Antara Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Masyarakat dengan Kepatuhan Penggunaan Masker Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sorongan Rinna Merlin , Rampengan Novie Homenta , Kairupan Ralph , Sumampouw Oksfriani Jufri
Published: February 2025

Pendahuluan: Dampak pandemi Covid-19 yang multidimensi sangat berpotensi menghambat pengembangan wilayah. Oleh sebab itu perlu diketahui tingkat kepatuhan masyarakat dalam penggunaan masker sebagai penerapan protokol kesehatan di Kecamatan Amurang. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat dengan kepatuhan penggunaan masker selama pandemi Covid-19 di Kecamatan Amurang Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Amurang Minahasa Selatan pada Mei 2022. Responden penelitian ini yaitu masyarakat yang berjumlah 95 orang. Variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu tingkat pengetahuan, sikap dan kepatuhan penggunaan masker. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuisioner. Analisis data yang dilakukan secara bivariat. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sebanyak 81 orang responden memiliki sikap positif terhadap penggunaan masker dan 73 orang (90.1%) diantaranya memiliki tingkat kepatuhan dalam penggunaan masker. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 81 orang responden memiliki sikap positif terhadap penggunaan masker dan 73 orang (90.1%) diantaranya memiliki tingkat kepatuhan dalam penggunaan masker. Hasil uji statistika didapatkan tidak adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap terhadap penggunaan masker dengan kepatuhan masyarakat dalam penggunaan masker, dimana nilai p sebesar 0.108 (p>0.05). Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan penggunaan masker pada masyarakat di Kecamatan Amurang Minahasa Selatan.
Kesehatan Jiwa Individu di Masyarakat Pasca Isolasi di Fasilitas Isolasi Provinsi Riau
Authors: Lestiarma S Deva , Nauli Fathra Annis , Lestari Widia
Published: February 2025

Pendahuluan : Pandemi COVID-19 mengakibatkan perubahan dalam proses hidup sehingga dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehataan jiwa. Khususnya individu yang pernah menjalani isolasi karena COVID-19, individu harus dibatasi interaksi dan kegiatannya selama isolasi yang menyebabkan perubahan situasi setelahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran kesehatan jiwa individu saat kembali ke lingkungan masyarakat pasca isolasi akibat COVID-19. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian survei deskriptif. Sampel penelitian adalah 100 responden yang diambil berdasarkan kriteria inklusi menggunakan teknik snowball sampling. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 33 orang (33%) mengalami masalah kesehatan jiwa. Dengan keluhan terbanyak yaitu gejala PTSD (11%), lalu keluhan lain berupa masalah psikologis (2%), gejala psikotik (2%), dan tidak ditemukan indikasi penggunaan zat adiktif, namun terdapat individu yang mengalami lebih dari satu masalah kesehatan jiwa, yang terbanyak sebesar (8%) yaitu mengalami masalah psikologis, gejala psikotik dan gejala PTSD, lalu masalah psikologis dan gejala PTSD (5%), gejala psikotik dan gejala PTSD (4%), masalah psikologis dan gejala psikotik (1%). Kesimpulan : Perlu ada penanganan lebih lanjut terhadap kondisi kesehatan jiwa individu pasca isolasi karena COVID-19.
Perbedaan Edukasi Menggunakan Media Booklet Dan Audiovisual Terhadap Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Penanganan Anak Dengan Temper Tantrum
Authors: Endang Lestiawati Endang Lestiawati , Nur Aida  , Venny Vidayanti
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang : Anak dengan temper tantrum akan menunjukkan reaksi yang diluar kendali anak seperti menjerit, berguling dan berteriak sehingga timbul dampak perkembangan intelektual dan sosial anak kurang seimbang dan anak menjadikan tantrum sebagai senjata agar keinginannya terpenuhi. Kurangnya pengetahuan ibu dalam menangani anak temper tantrum berdampak buruk pada anak sehingga dibutuhkan pengetahuan mengenai penanganan temper tantrum. Edukasi menggunakan booklet dan audiovisual efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan karena menarik, tidak membosankan, mudah dibawa kemana-mana. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan edukasi menggunakan media booklet dan audiovisual terhadap pengetahuan ibu tentang penanganan anak dengan temper tantrum. Metode dan jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan desain quasi experiment pre test and post test nonequivalent control group, teknik sampel purposive sampling dengan sampel 36 orang tua. Instrumen yang digunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan uji t-test independent. Hasil mean sebelum diberikan pendidikan kesehatan dengan media booklet adalah 13,83 ± 1,465 dan setelah 17,28 ± 1,320. Hasil mean sebelum diberikan pendidikan kesehatan dengan media audiovisual 13,67 ± 2,114 dan setelah 17,72 ± 1,708. Hasil uji Paired test media booklet dengan p-value 0,000 dan untuk media audiovisual dengan p-value 0,000 sedangkan Hasil p-value uji independent t-test adalah 0,524. Tidak ada perbedaan edukasi menggunakan media booklet dan audiovisual terhadap pengetahuan ibu tentang penanganan anak dengan temper tantrum.
Kata Kunci : Audiovisual, Booklet, Temper tantrum
Pola Asuh Orang Tua Dengan Perilaku Merokok Dan Karangtaruna Remaja Desa Tanggeran
Authors: Marsito Marsito , Fajar Agung N  , Muhammad As Ad
Published: February 2025

Persentase Jawa Tengah remaja umur ≥ 15tahun merokok menduduki peringkat 10 dengan presentase sebesar 28,72 persen tahun 2023. Pola asuh orang tua dengan remaja merokok dan kegiatan karang taruna ada hubungannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pola asuh orangtua, merokok dan kagiatan karang taruna remaja di Desa Tanggeran. Sampelnya remaja berjumlah 403 orang. Penelitian  menggunakan observasional  dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner pola asuh orang tua, remaja merokok, dan kegiatan karang taruna. Pengolahan data menggunakan Diskriptif  Frequencies dan Chi-Square tests . Untuk hasilnya  pola asuh menunjukkan keluarga melakukan  dengan demokratis  ada  236 orang (59.1%), remaja tidak merokok ada  304 orang  (75.4%), dan kurang aktif ada 166 orang (41.2%). Untuk hubungan pola asuh dengan kegiatan merokok remaja ada hubungan dimana nilai p value = 0,000 ˂ α (0,05).dan Pola asuh dengan kegaitan remaja mengikuti karang taruna ada hubungan dimana nilai p value = 0,000 ˂ α (0,05).sehingga pola asuh orang tua mempengaruhi perilaku remaja merokok dan mengikuti kegaitan di luar rumah seperti karang taruna. Diharapkan bahwa orang tua harus aktif melakukan bimbingan dan monitoring aktifitas yang dilakukan oleh remaja.
Keywords: pola asuh remaja merokok
Transisi Peran Sebagai Ibu Dengan Kemampuan Merawat Bayi Pada Primipara
Authors: Sunaringtyas Widyasih Sunaringtyas , Lilik Setiawan
Published: February 2025

Transisi peran pada primipara adalah suatu keadaan dimana seorang wanita mengalami perubahan terutama ketika dia memulai tahap persalinan, selanjutnya akan menjadi seorang ibu dan menerima anggota keluarga baru. Menjadi seorang ibu juga memerlukan persiapan dan kemampuan karena akan mempunyai tanggung jawab baru merawat anaknya dengan baik dan maksimal.Tujuan penelitian untuk mengalisis hubungan transisi peran dengan kemampuan merawat bayi pada primipara. Desain penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian 25 responden dan jumlah sampel 25 responden, menggunakan teknik sampling total sampling. Variabel independen yaitu Transisi peran dan variabel dependennya kemampuan merawat bayi. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuesioner pada setiap variabel. Analisis statistik menggunakan Spearman's rho dengan α < 0,05. Hasil penelitian didapatkan transisi peran optimal 92% dan kemampuan merawat bayi kurang 88%. Hasil uji statistik spearman rho p- value: 0,516 dengan r:0,136, artinya tidak ada hubungan antara transisi peran dengan kemampuan merawat bayi pada primipara. Kemampuan merawat bayi oleh ibu  kurang mampu dilaksanakan terutama pada saat kemampuan merawat pada usia bayi satu bulan. Hal ini membutuhkan waktu untuk beradaptasi pada masa transisi peran sebagai ibu. Akan tetapi pada usia bayi lebih dari satu bulan ibu sudah mampu melakukan perawatan bayi sesuai dengan peran barunya. Untuk itu kemampuan merawat bayi diperlukan pengalaman yang diperoleh dari tenaga kesehatan dan orang terdekat agar dapat meningkatkan kemampuannya, terutama pada bulan bulan pertama masa transisi sebagai ibu.   
Keywords: Transisi peran, Kemampuan, Bayi, Primipara
Efektivitas Website “Puisi Lita” Dilihat Dari Dimensi Kualitas Kegunaan, Kualitas Informasi, Dan Kualitas Interaksi Menggunakan Webqual 4.0
Authors: Nahdia Nahdi Aulia Fahmi , Herri S. Sastramihardja  , Ma’mun Sutisna  , Teni Nurlatifah HR  , Roni Rowawi  , Hidayat Wijayanegara
Published: February 2025

Pemerintah menargetkan 90% bayi dan balita mengunjungi posyandu, namun target ini belum tercapai. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan orang tua, sebuah situs web yang disebut "PUISI LITA" dikembangkan untuk memberikan informasi di era digital. Penelitian ini menilai efektivitas situs web dibandingkan dengan buklet kesehatan anak KIA tradisional menggunakan WebQual 4.0, yang mengukur kegunaan, informasi, dan kualitas interaksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode true experiment dengan desain kelompok kontrol pretest-posttest. Sebanyak 43 orang tua dalam kelompok eksperimen menggunakan situs web PUISI LITA, sedangkan kelompok kontrol menggunakan buklet KIA (n=43). Uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) pada ketiga dimensi kualitas: kegunaan (eksperimen: 55,33; kontrol: 31,67), informasi (eksperimen: 54,19; kontrol: 32,81), dan interaksi (eksperimen: 57,22; kontrol: 29,78). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa situs web PUISI LITA lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan buku KIA dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan orang tua tentang perawatan bayi dan balita. Kesimpulannya, situs web PUISI LITA merupakan alat yang menjanjikan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan orang tua dan berpotensi meningkatkan tingkat kunjungan ke posyandu.
A seca de 2019: operações de resgate e realocação de peixes conduzidas na Floresta Nacional de Ipanema, Iperó, São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Sanches Rodrigues Karla Fernanda , Ferrari Felipe , Gazzola Prieto Beatriz Carine , De Camargo Teles Miranda Julia Fernanda , Moro Silva Larissa Leandra , Senteio Smith Welber
Published: February 2025

Os efeitos dos períodos de estiagem sobre a ictiofauna estão longe de serem compreendidos, já que se trata de um fenômeno que varia em extensão, intensidade e período de duração. O ponto de partida para esses estudos são, geralmente, as reduções drásticas nos níveis de precipitação, mas a análise isolada dos índices pluviométricos pode representar dados incompletos da real intensidade da estiagem, associada à influência das intervenções nos cursos de água como os barramentos. Portanto, o presente trabalho documenta o resgate de peixes a jusante de um barramento em um rio neotropical, localizado na Floresta Nacional de Ipanema, durante o período de estiagem ocorrido no ano de 2019 e suas consequências para as espécies de peixes. A seca desse período em particular, atingiu o seu máximo de intensidade entre agosto e setembro do ano em questão e o resgate ocorreu em novembro. O estudo utilizou também os dados pluviométricos de 2009 até 2019, a fim de obter maiores parâmetros comparativos. Foram resgatados 228 indivíduos de dezessete espécies, das quais dezesseis são nativas, uma é não-nativa e quatro são migradoras. Conclui-se que há necessidade de mais estudos para maior compreensão dos efeitos indiretos e subletais da estiagem e das altas temperaturas da água sobre os peixes, além de aprimorar os resgates e o manejo dos indivíduos quando expostos a tais condições extremas, uma vez que eventos extremos têm se tornado cada vez mais comuns.
Pengaruh Ekstraksi Bertingkat Terhadap Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis)
Authors: Fitriyani Nisa , Haresmita Perdana Priya , Wardani Arief Kusuma , Rawar Ellsya Angeline
Published: February 2025

Binahong ( Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) merupakan tumbuhan yang memiliki banyak khasiat dan sering digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai macam penyakit. Salah satu kandungan senyawa yang terdapat dalam daun binahong adalah flavonoid yang berfungsi sebagai obat tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstraksi maserasi bertingkat terhadap kadar total flavonoid ekstrak binahong. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimental. Daun binahong di ekstraksi secara maserasi bertingkat dengan menggunakan pelarut yang memiliki kepolaran berbeda. Pelarut yang digunakan terdiri atas pelarut n-heksana (nonpolar), etil asetat (semi polar), dan etanol 96% (polar). Analisis kualitatif pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji tabung dan analisis kuantitatif menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang maksimum 417,5 nm dengan pembanding standar rutin. Hasil analisis kualitatif ekstrak n-heksan, ekstrak etil asetat, dan ekstrak etanol 96% mengandung flavonoid positif. Berdasarkan pengujian kuantitatif diperoleh kadar flavonoid total ekstrak n-heksan, etil asetat, dan etanol 96% berturut-turut yakni sebesar 2,3102%; 3,6124%; dan 1,0264%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ekstraksi maserasi bertingkat memberikan pengaruh terhadap kadar total flavonoid yang dihasilkan pada masing-masing ekstrak.
Degradasi Zat Warna Congo Red Menggunakan Komposit TiO2 Termodifikasi Bentonit-Alginat
Authors: Paramitha Sylvia , Riyani Kapti , Setyaningtyas Tien
Published: February 2025

Congo red is a synthetic dye whose waste needs to be minimized using a photodegradation method with bentonite-alginate-modified TiO2 composite as a photocatalyst. This research aims to determine the characteristics of bentonite-alginate modified TiO2 composite and its effect as a photocatalyst in the degradation of congo red. The bentonite-alginate modified TiO2 composite has a characteristic band gap energy of 3.07 eV with TiO2 diffraction peaks in the anatase, bentonite, and semi-crystalline alginate phases with irregular sphere-like morphology. Bentonite-alginate modified TiO2 composite showed the best activity at pH 7 for 3 hours of irradiation with a TiO2-bentonite mass ratio of 2:4 which showed a degradation percentage of 38.86% in UV light and 44.95% in visible light.
Implementation of Legal Principles in Construction Service Agreements: A Normative Study
Authors: Wiraantaka Jaka Adiprasetya , Sami’an S. , Hardjomuljadi Sarwono
Published: February 2025

Construction service contracts, as crucial legal instruments in infrastructure development, require a strong foundation of civil law principles. This research aims to normatively examine the application of civil law principles in construction service contracts, integrating the perspectives of the Civil Code and Law Number 2 of 2017. This normative legal research employs statute, conceptual, and philosophical approaches, as well as teleological and sociological analyses. The research findings indicate that formal principles, such as freedom of contract, consensualism, good faith, privity, and fair competition, form the foundation for the validity of contracts. Meanwhile, substantive principles, such as pacta sunt servanda, reasonableness, custom, balance, equality, partnership, and deliberation to reach a consensus (musyawarah mufakat), determine the substance of a fair and sustainable contract. However, teleological and sociological analyses reveal complex dynamics in their application. Unequal bargaining power, standard clauses, discrimination, and short-term orientations hinder the optimal realization of these principles. Therefore, synergy among stakeholders is needed to increase legal awareness, strengthen regulations, enforce business ethics, and revitalize local wisdom values so that legal objectives can contribute to achieving state goals.
Forest Cover Dynamics in Ngarama North Forest Reserve, Kilwa District, Tanzania
Authors: Ntandu Abasi Saidi , Manyanda Bernardol John , Magessa Kajenje Nkukurah
Published: February 2025

Understanding forest cover dynamics is important for supporting Sustainable Forest Management strategies and implementing climate change mitigation policies. Remote sensing and geospatial analysis play a critical role in mapping and characterizing forest conditions in protected areas. In Tanzania, where management practices have evolved over decades, remote sensing is essential for assessing their effectiveness. Ngarama North Forest Reserve, which transitioned its management regime from the Forestry and Beekeeping Division (FBD) to the Tanzania Forest Service Agency (TFS), has been affected by this transformation. However, no prior study has evaluated the impact of this management shift on forest cover conditions. This study used Landsat imagery from 2000, 2010, and 2020 to classify forest cover via supervised image classification with the random forest algorithm on Google Earth Engine and monitored the rate of change in forest cover classes over time. Additionally, Key informant interviews and focus group discussions with forest officials and nearby forest communities provided insights into drivers of forest cover change, complementing the spatial data obtained. The results show that in 2000, the forest comprised 33.47% closed forest, 40.99% open forest, 21.61% bushland, and 3.94% bare land. By 2010, these proportions shifted to 16.19%, 57.30%, 23.47%, and 3.03% respectively. In 2020, the proportions changed again to 39.29%, 26.70%, 30.02%, and 3.99% respectively. These shifts suggest a complex interplay of environmental management, land use changes, and ecological responses. The key drivers behind these trends include illegal logging, uncontrolled wildfires, grazing, hunting, farming and natural factors. The findings of this study show that forest conditions have significantly improved over time due to the shift in management regime from FBD to TFS. This study provides crucial insights for sustainable forest management strategies and climate change mitigation policies by demonstrating the positive impact of management regime changes on forest conditions over time.
Sergančiųjų amžine geltonosios dėmės degeneracija slauga: praktinės rekomendacijos slaugytojams ir plėtros galimybės išplėstinės praktikos slaugytojams
Authors: Valiuškienė Gabrielė , Jomantaitė Eva , Kubiliūtė Viktorija , Kondrotaitė Indrė , Zadlauskaitė Monika , Važnevičiūtė Gabija , Meižė Gerda , Micevičienė Ramutė , Ilgė Gintarė , Varoniukaitė Aistė , Spirgienė Lina
Published: February 2025

Amžinė geltonosios dėmės degeneracija dažniausiai pasireiškia vyresniems nei 50 metų asmenims ir yra viena pagrindinių silpnaregystės bei aklumo priežasčių. Slaugytojų vaidmuo akių ligų priežiūroje yra labai svarbus – nuo prevencijos ir pagalbos diagnozavus ligą iki pacientų sveikatos būklės gerinimo ir gyvenimo kokybės užtikrinimo. Išplėstinės praktikos slaugytojai taip pat svariai prisideda prie pacientų priežiūros ir gydymo koordinavimo.
A STUDY OF SUBJECTIVE CAREER SUCCESS AND PERSONALITY TRAITS OF MIDDLE-LEVEL HOTEL MANAGERS IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Authors: Duong Thi Hoai Nhung
Published: February 2025

The present study investigates whether the Big Five personality traits can predict subjective career success. It uses socio-analytic and career congruence theories to predict individual outcomes, such as subjective career success. Data were obtained from 33 four- and five-star resorts and hotels operated by international and domestic chains in Vietnam. A total of 391 middle-level hotel managers were approached, using specific quotas for age, gender, education, and work experience. The final valid sample included 285 of the 297 respondents willing to participate. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were employed to investigate the hypothesized correlations between the constructs. Extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and agreeableness were found to positively predict, and neuroticism to negatively predict subjective career success. This result extends our understanding of the role of personality elements in determining career success. It also confirms the necessity of congruence between career success and personality. This result is crucial for those who provide career counseling and advice because, by knowing the connection between personality traits and subjective career success, they can better guide middle-level hotel managers in deciding on a relevant and appropriate career path.
Government Expenditure on Defense and Battle-Related Deaths
Authors: Igwe Alex Onyeji
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the correlation between government expenditure on defense and battle-related deaths in Nigeria, analyzing data from 2000 to 2022. Despite significant defense spending, Nigeria continues to experience high levels of insecurity, with incidents of violence, kidnappings, and terrorist activities persisting across the country. Utilizing a correlational model, the research explores the connection between defense spending and conflict fatalities, revealing a strong positive correlation between these variables. The findings suggest that while increased defense budgets aim to address security issues, they have not resulted in the anticipated reduction in battle-related deaths, potentially due to resource misallocation, corruption, and a focus on militarized approaches rather than addressing the root causes of conflict. Additionally, external factors, such as regional instability and the proliferation of arms, may exacerbate insecurity despite increased spending. These results underscore the need for a comprehensive strategy that balances defense spending with socioeconomic investments to address underlying factors driving insecurity. The study recommends shifting some resources toward conflict prevention, community policing, and initiatives that promote social cohesion, aiming to achieve a sustainable reduction in violence.
Inkonstitusionalitas Pembatasan Jangka Waktu Pengajuan Grasi Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 107/PUU-XIII/2015
Authors: Deki Azhari  , Qurrata Ayuni
Published: February 2025

Grasi adalah pemberian oleh dari Presiden dalam bentuk pengampunan yang berupa perubahan, peringanan, pengurangan, atau penghapusan pelaksanaan putusan kepada terpidana. Pemberian grasi merupakan hak prerogatif Presiden untuk memberikan ampunan, akan tetapi dala pengaturannya terdapat sebuah permasalahan yaitu adanya pembatasan waktu pengajuan grasi, sehingga dalam hal ini membuat beberapa pihak merasa dirugikan hak konstitutionalnya karena tidak bisa mendapatkan grasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang diajukannya permohonan oleh pemohon dalam putusan nomor dan apa dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam memutus perkara yang diajukan pemohon. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Data sekunder digunakan untuk menganalisis berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang hukum, peraturan mengenai pemberian grasi, buku-buku yang berkaitan dengan grasi dan mahkamah konstitusi dan jurnal terkait.
Analysis of Communication Patterns and Social Networks in Digital Journalism on the Palestine-Israel Conflict
Authors: Weninggalih Prawiro , Pramiyanti Alila
Published: February 2025

This study aim to analyze the patterns of communication and social networks accompanying digital journalism in relation to the conflict of Palestine-Israel. Using SNA and the analysis of narrative patterns, this research tries to find how social media has become the big site for public opinion production of the considered conflict. The findings highlight a polarized social media communication between the pro-Palestinian and pro-Israeli groups, while neutral actors serve as a kind of bridge trying to maintain the balance of information. In addition, in the narrative pattern analysis, five main topics dominate the conversation: physical conflict and its impact; religious responses and global solidarity; international context and human rights; media coverage and location focus; politics and regional dimensions. It also shows that while social media is a great avenue to get information out quickly, there are considerable drawbacks in terms of the biases and misinformation that may be taken as factual input in influencing international policies in strengthening social movements. This paper highlights the need to be aware of the power of narrative patterns in digital communication and the need for more critical and ethical use of social media as a tool for communication.
Fostering Ubuntu in Teacher Education for South African Higher Education
Authors: Maphalala Mncedisi Christian , Nkosi Ntombikayise
Published: February 2025

Ubuntu is a foundational philosophy rooted in South African culture that emphasises the importance of interconnectedness, community well-being, and our shared humanity. Its relevance in education, particularly teacher training, is increasingly recognised as essential to foster inclusive and socially responsible learning environments. This study explores the integration of Ubuntu principles into teacher education programs at institutions of higher learning in South Africa and proposes strategies for embedding Ubuntu into teacher training, thereby enhancing both the teaching approach and the societal impact on future educators. For this study, a systematic literature review (SLR) was adopted to consolidate existing research on Ubuntu in education for this study. The review follows the PRISMA guidelines and includes empirical studies published between 2014 and 2024. The literature search focused on prominent academic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, and Google Scholar, concentrating on peer-reviewed articles on Ubuntu, teacher education, and cultural pedagogy. The review identified 18 studies that met the inclusion criteria, revealing significant themes regarding applying Ubuntu in educational settings. These studies highlighted the necessity of curriculum integration, which involves incorporating Ubuntu principles into the design and delivery of the curriculum, inclusive teaching methods, experiential learning, community involvement, and advocacy for policy changes as critical strategies for incorporating Ubuntu principles into teacher education.

Keywords: Ubuntu, Humanity, Teacher Education, Interconnectedness
La ontología liberal del dinero en
Humo
(1900) de Enrique Martínez Sobral
Authors: CHAVES MAURICIO
Published: February 2025

El artículo aborda la novela
Humo
(1900) del abogado, economista y escritor guatemalteco Enrique Martínez Sobral. El retrato moral del protagonista y de la sociedad guatemalteca se analiza a la luz del concepto de la ontología liberal del dinero desarrollado por Scott Ferguson en el marco de las teorías heterodoxas del dinero endógeno. Por medio de un entramado de encubrimientos ficcionales que dan sentido al título de la ficción, se argumenta que dicha ontología media en la reconstrucción, legitimación y naturalización del proyecto liberal guatemalteco de finales de siglo XIX.
IMA GENOME - F20 A draft genome assembly of Agroathelia rolfsii, Ceratobasidium papillatum, Pyrenopeziza brassicae, Neopestalotiopsis macadamiae, Sphaerellopsis filum and genomic resources for Colletotrichum spaethianum and Colletotrichum fructicola
Authors: D’Angelo Davide , Sorrentino Roberto , Nkomo Tiphany , Zhou Xianzhi , Vaghefi Niloofar , Sonnekus Byron , Bose Tanay , Cerrato Domenico , Cozzolino Loredana , Creux Nicky , D’Agostino Nunzio , Fourie Gerda , Fusco Giovanna , Hammerbacher Almuth , Idnurm Alexander , Kiss Levente , Hu Yanping , Hu Hongli , Lahoz Ernesto , Risteski Jason , Steenkamp Emma T. , Viscardi Maurizio , van der Nest Magriet A. , Wu Yuan , Yu Hao , Zhou Jianjin , Karandeni Dewage Chinthani S. , Kotta-Loizou Loly I. , Stotz Henrik U. , Fitt Bruce D. L. , Huang Yongju , Wingfield Brenda D.
Published: February 2025

This is a genome announacment there is no abstract
3rd International Conference of Social Work; Social Security in 21st Century: Shared Partnership for Transformative Changes, 4th & 5th of September 2024
Authors: -in-Chief Co-Editors
Published: February 2025

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Printable Epoxy Paste for Varistor Applications
Authors: Krasco Nicholas , Czubarow Paul , Lu Zhixiang , Rothfuss Arianna , Copeland Scott , Barrete Tony , Sato Toshiyuki , Imai Kazunari
Published: February 2025

Varistors are passive, two-terminal solid state semiconductor devices that are used to provide over-voltage or over-current protection to electrical and electronic circuits. Metal-oxide varistors (MOVs) are typically made up of a durable ceramic material, which protects them against sudden surges of high current or energy. However, there are some drawbacks of MOVs, such as having a short life span and a large dynamic resistance.

NAMICS has developed a solvent-less epoxy paste that has shown non-linear properties and sustained reliability, very similar to that of an MOV. With NAMICS’s proprietary blend of epoxy and other additives, we were able to achieve low-voltage varistor values (< 16 V) with minimal leakage current, comparable to commercially available MOVs being sold today. Printed varistor epoxies have a chance to revolutionize the semiconductor industry by offering miniaturization of components and a solder-less, one-step curing process, all while maintaining the same properties that are offered by MOVs.
Solder Joint Reliability of Glass Core Substrate Assembly
Authors: Lau John H , Liu Ning , Ma Mike , Tseng Tzyy-Jang
Published: February 2025

The thermal-fatigue reliability of flip chip micro solder joints on glass core build-up package substrate and C4 (controlled collapse chip connection) solder joints on printed circuit board (PCB) is investigated. Emphasis is placed on the structural deformation and the accumulated inelastic strain at the critical locations of the micro and C4 solder joints. Some recommendations are also provided.
Fan-Out Chip-Last Panel-Level Packaging for Heterogeneous Integration
Authors: Lin C. , Lau J. H. , Chen C. , Yang H. , Xia T. , Ko C. , Lin B. , Ma M. , Tseng T.
Published: February 2025

In this study, the fan-out chip-last panel-level packaging in fabricating an ultra-large organic interposer of a hybrid substrate for heterogeneous integration is investigated. Emphasis is placed on the design, materials, process, fabrication, and reliability of a hybrid substrate (85 mm x 80 mm) with an ultra-large organic interposer (5 RDLs with the minimum metal line width (L) and spacing (S) = 2 μm) and a 5-2-5 build-up package substrate. Also, some recommendations are provided.
Low Warpage Liquid Compression Molded Underfill for Wafer Level Packaging
Authors: Ma Yijia , Nguyen Jimmy , Ha Rose , Hoshiyama Mark , Champagne Tim , Shim Kail , Peddi Raj
Published: February 2025

As semiconductor chip design transforms to meet the increased functionality, performance, and miniaturization needs of applications such as 5G, high-performance computing (HPC) and autonomous vehicles, advances in packaging materials and technologies have become crucial to enable tighter pitches, higher interconnect density, and increased complexity of the new architectures.

Liquid compression molded underfill (L-MUF) has drawn attention as a new wafer level packaging material for its capability to gap fill and over mold simultaneously under low pressure. This material capability has improved efficiency and sustainability of the process and enabled higher reliability of the final package. L-MUF material development challenges include achieving void free gap filling in fine pitch applications and maintaining low warpage during the packaging process.

This paper presents analysis of L-MUF encapsulant materials that feature lower warpage compared to typical encapsulants, a high glass transition temperature, void free gap filling, and high reliability. The novel L-MUF materials are formulated with proprietary resin systems and ultra-fine fillers as key enablers for their unique material properties and application performance. The results demonstrate that L-MUF materials have the combination of good flowability and low warpage and have the potential to meet the growing demands of various wafer level packing applications.
Advancing Semiconductor Packaging: Intelligent Architectures for Heterogeneous Integration Assembly
Authors: Farris Glenn
Published: February 2025

The semiconductor industry is undergoing a profound transformation driven by the growing demand for enhanced performance, reduced energy consumption, faster time-to-market, and increased functionality. However, this evolution is accompanied by significant challenges, notably escalating costs over the past decade. Advanced packaging technologies leveraging Heterogeneous Integration (HI) have emerged as indispensable solutions to address these challenges and meet the dynamic demands of the market. This paper emphasizes the critical need for innovative and intelligent system architectures to overcome the hurdles in semiconductor packaging, particularly in achieving efficient Heterogeneous Integration assembly with the highest yield and optimal economics.
Optimizing Flip Chip Packaging for High Density Bump via Mold Flow Simulation with Through-Holes
Authors: Chien Tzu Chieh , Lo Shih Kun , Li Zong Yuan , Hsieh Chia Tso , Kuo Yen Hua , Liu Hui Chung , Lai Lu Ming , Chen Kuang Hsiung
Published: February 2025

Flip-chip packaging techniques have become essential for electrical components, particularly in fine-pitch packages where bump sizes are small and high density under the chip. These techniques enhance thermal performance and bump connections while addressing concerns about mold voids.

However, the high bump density and limited pitch in flip-chip techniques will lead to potential defects, including mold voids. To efficiently reduce voids, incorporating an extra runner in the package for void venting is one effective solution.

This study investigates the effects of through-hole size, molding resistance, and mold flow performance using an advanced methodology. This methodology considers govern equations such as the viscosity model, curing reaction, and Finite Element Method (FEM) analytical method, with a focus on the structure design to predict or evaluate defects occurring in molding process, particularly mold voids and the weld risk. One of the major challenges in this approach is controlling the distance and density of bump pitches on the substrate of bonded spheres while attached spheres to package.

The results demonstrate that a through-hole size of 0.2mm exhibits better performance in terms of potential mold voids with 44 units per strip, and 68 units for a 0.3mm through-hole size. Melting behavior under chips for void venting was clearly observed in specific areas. Additionally, the filling percentage, influenced by flow status, can be used to predict the mold flow risk. Base on FEM analytical, structure modification, and recipe optimization, the risk areas or positions can be identified and mitigated during the substrate or layout process.

The adoption of high-density bump technology has significantly advanced our packaging process, particularly as devices become smaller, especially in the case of safety devices where reliability and testing are subject to harsh conditions. Even packages with micro voids undergo rigorous testing procedures to ensure optimal performance and reliability.
Enhancing Signal Integrity in High-Performance Electronics through Advanced TGV Fabrication with LPKF’s LIDE Technology
Authors: Noack Richard , Ostholt Roman , Anspach Nils , Santos Rafael , Ambrosius Norbert
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the innovative Laser Induced Deep Etching (LIDE) technology developed by LPKF, focusing on its application in fabricating Through-Glass Vias (TGVs) for high-performance electronics. LIDE technology presents a significant advancement in microstructuring glass, addressing the critical challenge of surface roughness in TGV sidewalls, which is essential for minimizing signal loss in high-frequency communication systems.

The study delves into the LIDE process, which involves precise laser modification followed by wet chemical etching, producing high-aspect-ratio structures with exceptional smoothness and accuracy. The experimental results highlight the advantages of LIDE over traditional methods, including improved sidewall quality and reduced defects, leading to enhanced signal integrity and electrical performance. By optimizing parameters such as laser power and etching conditions, the research demonstrates the potential of LIDE to set new benchmarks in electronic packaging.

LIDE’s compatibility with various glass types and its scalability for high-volume production make it a versatile and economical solution for modern microelectronic applications. This paper underscores the transformative impact of LIDE technology on the fabrication of TGVs, paving the way for advancements in 2.5D and 3D packaging, and contributing to the broader goals of reducing signal loss and improving system performance in high-frequency electronics.
Development of Virtual Material Approach for Modeling Viscoelasticity of Underfill in Flip Chip Packages
Authors: Liu Ning , Tari Dariush , Nordhorn Christian , Shim Kail , Tsai Matthew
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a virtual material approach to modeling the viscoelastic properties of underfill materials in flip chip packages. The role of underfill is critical, particularly in addressing the challenges associated with cracks in solder bumps in thermal cycles. To ensure the long-term reliability of the semiconductor packages, it is crucial to understand how different underfill properties interact with the package and influence the stress distribution. A fully cured underfill material exhibits viscoelastic behavior. But in many cases, viscoelasticity is neglected and underfill properties are simplified to linear elastic in the finite element analysis (FEA) to save computational cost. For high accuracy numerical predictions, it is indispensable to include a full characterization of viscoelastic properties for underfill in simulation. This work develops a virtual material approach to parameterize the viscoelasticity of underfill materials. A generalized logistic function is adopted for the parameterization of the frequency-dependent modulus in master curve. The master curve is then calibrated in Prony series for numerical implementation. A three-dimensional FEA model is built for evaluating underfill properties in flip chip packages. Fine details such as solder bumps are only included in the sub-modeling for computational efficiency. The FEA model is validated by warpage measurement on a test vehicle in reflow process. Finally, with the developed virtual material approach and the FEA model, various viscoelastic properties of underfill are compared, and the influence on package stress including fillet top stress, die corner stress, and solder bump creep strain is evaluated. The virtual material approach can be particularly useful when dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results are not available or in scenarios where obtaining certain properties is challenging. The findings of this study contribute to the development of guidelines for selecting optimal underfill materials, ultimately enhancing the reliability of electronic devices.
Next Generation Phase Change Material for High Power Electronics
Authors: Mohanty Rita , Nguyen Tho Quang
Published: February 2025

The demand to increase speed and performance of electronic devices while keeping the footprint small, has increased the power density of electronic devices beyond what we thought possible merely a decade back. Telecom/Datacom, Industrial, Automotive and Consumer electronics such as gaming console are pushing the package size to be greater than 70mm X 70mm and power density greater than 100W/cm2. Most electronic devices are running at high power with high frequency power cycles. This elevated power density and high frequency cycling causes the temperature to rise beyond the operating thresholds of the device. To achieve the functionality and reliability of these devices, proper thermal management must be employed.

Research shows, use of Phase Change Material (PCM) in TIM 2 and TIM 1.5 applications is an interesting and effective technique in maintaining the temperature of advanced electronic devices to its desired target. Although PCM has been in the market for decades, the recent advancement in high power electronic is accelerating the development of next generation PCM as a desired solution to maintain electronic devices temperature. In this paper we will discuss some of the new developments in PCM with special focus on power electronics and Telecom/Datacom applications. Methods to characterize PCM and comparison of different PCM will also be discussed.
Gas-free & Nano Al2O3-coated Ag Bonding Wire for Replacing Au Wire
Authors: Park Soojae , Cho Eunmin , Oh Siyeong , Kim Hongsik
Published: February 2025

Ag and Cu wires require forming gas environment during wire bonding contrary to Au wires due to surface oxidation at high temperature. Au is the only noble metal not requiring passivation against oxidation, being most expensive metal. H2 gas in forming gases is hazardous and expensive. For replacing Au wire and forming gas, we propose a passivation solution using the application of a ceramic (Al2O3) coating at nanometer scales on Ag bonding wires. We used ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) methods to apply Al2O3 coating on Ag metal wires with diameters ranging from 0.7 to 1.0 mils. We present bondability and reliability data followed by workability test at 200,000 continuous bondings. Al2O3 coated Ag wire satisfied all of the package level requirements from camera module manufacturers.
Control of Cu Microstructure and Properties for Low-Temperature Direct Cu-Cu Bonding
Authors: Gannett Cara , Yoon Youngmin , Page Gabrielle , Thoresen Derek , Parquette Brian , Gole Matthew , Van Hanehem Matthew , Pokhrel Ravi
Published: February 2025

3D heterogeneous integration offers significant improvements in terms of input/output density, faster processing speeds, and reduced power consumption. Cu-Cu hybrid bonding is critical for unlocking the full potential of this technology. However, high temperatures associated with the Cu-Cu bonding process have limited the scope of this technology. Two primary strategies have been proposed for modifying Cu microstructure to enable low-temperature bonding capabilities: (111)-oriented, nanotwinned Cu and fine-grained Cu. Herein, we demonstrate the ability to reliably deposit both types of Cu microstructures on blanket and patterned segments by modifying bath additives and plating conditions. To be viable for high-volume manufacturing, functional Cu deposits must be stable for several weeks and persist through the processing steps prior to bonding. In this study, we investigate the stability of Cu deposits with time and through the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process. We report the Cu microstructure before and after CMP by x-ray diffraction (XRD), focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis. Further, we seek to understand the unique properties of fine-grained Cu that determine its stability under various annealing conditions. To this end, we perform experiments to quantify stress in the deposits, characterize grain boundaries, and measure dopant levels. By understanding the properties associated with Cu grain stability, we can improve our formulations for features with decreasing and mixed critical dimensions associated with next-generation hybrid bonding.
The Ideal Switch® with Advanced Glass Packaging
Authors: Shorey Aric , Baloun Jeff , Walker Mark
Published: February 2025

There has been a lot of work done over the past decade showing the advantages of using glass-based packaging for many microelectronics applications. Much of this work has been motivated by advantages provided by the material properties of glass. As an insulator, packaging enables devices with low electrical loss relative to semiconducting materials, such as silicon, as the operational frequency increases. Furthermore, the manufacturing processes for glass substrates provide numerous other potential benefits. Some glasses, such as fused silica (FS) offer extremely low loss tangent making it well suited for high frequency applications to minimize electrical loss in the system. Other glass types, such as those used for Display applications, are alkali free, have a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) close to Si and are fabricated in both thin and large (e.g. panel) form factors. This provides excellent opportunities for process cost savings for large substrates and interposers, while also maintaining excellent electrical performance. With all of these potential advantages in enhanced microelectronic performance, there have been numerous efforts to establish the manufacture of glass-based devices, but supply chain readiness has hampered the development of a robust supply of these solutions. Menlo Microsystems has established a glass device based supply chain to enable the volume manufacture of the Ideal Switch® technology. Below we describe the device and discuss some of the work Menlo has done to transition into production and packaging of the glass Ideal Switch.
The unseen connection: laryngeal carcinoma and thrombosis of the internal jugular vein
Authors: Leci-Tahiri Laura , Tahiri Lisa , Zhjeqi Valbona , Ramku Emina
Published: February 2025

The occlusion of the internal jugular vein (IJV) in the context of laryngeal carcinoma is a rare but significant occurrence that may manifest at various stages of the disease. Laryngeal carcinoma, a form of cancer affecting the voice box, carries profound implications for individuals and society alike. Although the primary focus often lies in treating cancer, emerging research has uncovered an intriguing link between laryngeal carcinoma and jugular vein thrombosis (JVT), necessitating further investigation. We conducted a retrospective study spanning from January 2020 to December 2023, analyzing data from 60 patients who underwent surgery for laryngeal carcinoma at the Ear, Nose and Throat Department of the University Clinical Center of Kosovo. Among them, 9 patients were identified with concurrent IJV thrombosis, discovered incidentally during computed tomography examinations or based on clinical symptoms. Logistic regression analysis revealed associations between laryngeal carcinoma and JVT, emphasizing the importance of vigilance in diagnosis and management. Our findings underscore the need for heightened awareness and preventive measures, particularly in high-risk patients, to mitigate the impact of this interrelated condition. Early detection and intervention are crucial in optimizing outcomes for individuals confronting the dual challenges of laryngeal carcinoma and JVT.