bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishment and prediction of liquid permeability model for metal porous materials
Authors: Lin Shengcun , Feng Wenxiu
Published: August 2024

The demand for metal porous materials in the field of liquid purification and filtration is increasing, so it is necessary to master the permeability of liquid through porous materials. Currently, the liquid permeability of porous materials is mostly tested through the method of flow pressure difference, and predicting the permeability through the establishment of a model is an innovative topic. Experimental methods determine the average pore size and porosity of metal porous materials by using the mass volume method and the bubble method. Then, a flow pressure difference curve model is established to predict the permeability of other samples. Compared with experiments, the established model accurately predicts the unit pressure drop of flow in porous materials at the equivalent Reynolds number. This work can provide a reference for the study of the permeability of porous materials.
Lamb wave measurement method for in-plane elastic constants of balanced symmetric laminates based on machine learning
Authors: Xie Quan , Liu Yaolu , Fang Jun
Published: August 2024

To achieve in-situ measurement of mechanical properties in large-scale composite structures, this paper introduces a Lamb wave measurement based on machine learning to predict the in-plane engineering elastic constants of balanced symmetric laminates. Firstly, we consider that balanced symmetric laminates are equivalent to orthotropic single-layer plates with nine engineering elastic constants. Secondly, by varying these elastic constants and comparing the dispersion curves at different propagation angles, we conclude that, under low frequency-thickness products, the phase velocity of S0-mode Lamb waves in orthotropic single-layer plates is dependent on four engineering elastic constants: tensile modulus, in-plane shear modulus, and in-plane Poisson’s ratio. Subsequently, leveraging this correlation in dispersion curves, a BP neural network model is established using machine learning techniques. Using the neural network model, the goal of predicting engineering elastic constants using phase velocities is achieved. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is verified through theoretical calculations and numerical simulations.
Lightweight design of composite sandwich corrugated structures based on variable density method
Authors: Tian Ce , Tian Zhimin , Cao Xinwei , Dong Shangwei
Published: August 2024

For the lightweight design of composite sandwich corrugated structures, a new topology optimization design scheme is proposed using the variable density method. Multi-working conditions static analysis of the composite sandwich corrugated structure is carried out by finite element software. Then, the topology optimization is carried out by using the minimum flexibility method. Finally, the results of different working conditions are coupled to propose a new composite sandwich corrugated structure. The results indicate that the structure has a weight reduction of 34% and exhibits periodicity and continuity while also meeting the necessary mechanical properties to fulfill the engineering requirements. The optimization of composite sandwich corrugated structures has been achieved, providing a new approach to the lightweight design of composite sandwich structures.
Analysis of the influencing factors of transmission coefficients based on ZnSe/BeTe heterojunction
Authors: Li Xingyu
Published: August 2024

As a classic model, the multiple potential barrier structure has been widely studied in the last decades. In this work, we investigate the transmission coefficient of electron tunneling through multiple quantum walls based on ZnSe/BeTe heterojunction. At first, based on the one-dimensional stationary Schrödinger equation and its boundary condition, the equation set is set up. Then, by using the matrix method, the transmission coefficient can be solved by Matlab. The relationship of the transmission coefficient to the energy of the electron, the width of the well, the width of the barrier, the number of barriers, and the potential barrier are simulated. According to the analysis, some phenomena like gap region and miniband can be observed. The number of resonance states in minibands increases when the number of barriers increases while the zones of minibands approximately remain unchanged. This work can be the guide to designing multiple potential barrier nanostructures.
RF electromagnetic design and field tuning study of the coupled ladder RFQ-IH DTL structure
Authors: Li H.P. , Kong G.Q. , Pan W.L. , Li J.L. , Su H.Q. , Deng W.T. , Lu Y.R. , Wang S.
Published: August 2024

The coupled ladder RFQ-IH DTL structure is designed for
transportable accelerator-based neutron source to accelerate the
proton beam to 2.5 MeV with a peak current of 15 mA. The
Kombinierte Null Grad Struktur (KONUS) dynamics scheme is chosen in
the IH-DTL section to obtain compact structure, high transmission
efficiency and small emittance growth. Three KONUS periods,
including two quadrupole doublets are housed in the IH-DTL
section. The field distribution of coupled structure is studied and
the evaluation of the coupled field is quantified. The optimization
voltage ratio and electric flatness are carried out based on
three-dimension full model. In addition, the structure error
analysis is performed to evaluate the acceptance of different
errors. The tuning system is designed to compensate the machining
and alignment errors and the field tuning strategy is proposed for
the coupled cavity. The RF electromagnetic design and optimization,
structure error analysis and field tuning will be comprehensively
presented in this paper.
Warming of mid-latitude North Atlantic Sea surface temperature strengthens the daily variability of winter PM2.5 in eastern China
Authors: Zhang Shiyue , Zeng Gang , Yang Xiaoye , Li Zhongxian
Published: August 2024

Climate factors, in addition to human activities, are acknowledged to exert a notable influence on the synoptic PM2.5 variations over eastern China in extensive case studies. Based on observed daily PM2.5 concentrations data, this study reveals the enhanced daily variability (DV) of PM2.5 concentrations over eastern China and identifies its association with mid-latitude sea surface temperature anomalies over the North Atlantic. The dominant daily mode of PM2.5 concentrations identified through empirical orthogonal function analysis accounts for 43.75% of the total variance, with its DV experienced a significant enhancement from 1979 to 2019. The identified enhancement is attributed to the intensified wave train propagation along the mid-latitudes on a time scale of 10–30 d. The eastward propagation of the identified wave train can expose eastern China to recurrent influences of cyclonic and anticyclonic anomalies, resulting in an initial increase and subsequent decrease in PM2.5 concentrations. Statistical analysis and dynamic diagnostics show that the warming of the mid-latitude North Atlantic Ocean enhances the wave train at its source through the local energy exchange, and ultimately leads to an increased DV of PM2.5 concentrations.
Thermal Performance Assessment in a Single-Story Detached House
Authors: Musa N A , Amir A F , Ismail A
Published: August 2024

Malaysia is a tropical climate with high temperatures, especially indoor temperatures, due to the abundant sunlight it gets throughout the year. Passive design is one of the cooling ways to minimise mechanical ventilation usage. This study will focus on a single-story detached house and emphasise all passive design techniques in Puncak Iskandar, Seri Iskandar, Perak. The house was selected based on orientation, vacant house and no vegetation surrounding the compound. There were two objectives: to determine the indoor space of the case study house with poor thermal performance and to analyse the passive design application which contributes to the thermal performance of the selected indoor space. The method of this study is quantitative research, which applies field measurement and on-site observation. Instrumental tools used in this study were two sets of data loggers. Environmental parameters investigated are temperature, humidity, air velocity, and solar radiation. The findings were analysed to understand the effect of passive design strategy on house temperature. This study discovered that passive design methods influenced the house temperature performance, particularly in hot and humid climate regions, due to building orientation, building form, shading, building materials, opening, and daylighting. Vegetation on the house surroundings and insulation are not being investigated and are part of the study’s limitations.
Thermal Performance of Tall Building Envelope Design in Tropical Urban Region
Authors: Enggarsiwi Astri Resmi , Yuliani Sri , Winarto Yosafat
Published: August 2024

The construction sector contributes to producing carbon gas emissions of more than 40%, using materials from nature that are quite large, donating waste, and reducing areas for water catchment and green areas. This research focuses on what needs to be considered in the design of energy-efficient buildings is the variable building envelope. Building envelope design is critical in promoting sustainable and energy-efficient tall buildings. Envelope design consists of characteristics and configuration of building materials, that contribute to thermal performance. The performance of a building’s envelope is significant, as it impacts the overall energy consumption of the building. The research aims to verify and investigate the performance of envelopes in tall buildings in the tropical urban region. The research uses a model simulation method that can analytically-quantitatively calculate the energy value of buildings, with a case study at UNS Tower in Surakarta. The UNS Tower building is used as a simulation model to calculate its thermal performance by comparing it with the base case building in the EDGE web application and Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) calculation. The result shows that thermal performance of UNS Tower does not meet the OTTV standard of 35 W/m2 according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 6389:2020 for energy conservation in building envelopes. The total OTTV of UNS Tower is 35.17 W/m2, with the highest OTTV contribution coming from the parts of the building envelope that utilize unshaded glass materials, specifically the Northwest façade with 47.61 W/m2 and the Southeast façade with 44.95 W/m2. Based on the simulation results using the EDGE web application, the base case shows that UNS Tower is not energy-efficient. The result shows that building envelope selection in the tall building can significantly improve overall energy efficiency. The research offer valuable insights also encourages building envelope design development in tall buildings to improve building energy efficiency.
Reconstruct in Historical Destruction: the Concept of Cultural Heritage Friendly Area as a Creative Economic and Educational Space in Pemalang Regency
Authors: Utomo Ilham Nur , Fauji Sidik , Sasmito Adi , Subekti Sri , Diwangkara Naufal Kresna , Nizar Fariz
Published: August 2024

Nowadays, the pace of physical development in various regions in Indonesia is very fast. However, there are important aspects that need to be studied in more depth related to development problems that destroy cultural heritage buildings. Cultural heritage buildings are an important aspect that stores memories of the past as national identity and a source of learning. The destruction of cultural heritage buildings for development reasons also occurred in Pemalang Regency. Therefore, this study aims to construct the concept of a cultural heritage-friendly area and its benefits as an educational space and creative economy in Pemalang Regency. The method used was a qualitative method by reviewing written sources and making observations at the research location. In addition, a historical approach was used to look at the history of cultural heritage buildings, a tourism management approach to develop strategies for developing cultural heritage and an educational approach to look at the educational values contained in cultural heritage buildings. This research had three research questions, namely (1) What is the condition of historical buildings or cultural heritage in Pemalang Regency?; (2) What is the concept for building cultural heritage-friendly areas? This research showed that the condition of the cultural heritage buildings in Pemalang Regency is mostly in a state of disrepair, even disappearing because they were torn down. Physical revitalization of cultural heritage is considered not optimal. The concept of developing cultural heritage with the emphasis on the concept of value, the concept of integration, and synergy is the right choice to be implemented in Pemalang Regency.
Inventorying the Placement of Carved Components in Traditional Malay House Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV): Case Studies of Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP)
Authors: Jamaludin Nazrul Helmy , Choo Iryani Abdul Halim , Rashid Mohd Sabrizaa Abdul
Published: August 2024

The inventory of traditional Malay houses and their carved components can be very critical and important, particularly with the current decreasing availability of traditional Malay houses that are rapidly disappearing due to the aggressive urbanization process. In addition, the inappropriate placement of carved components in the modern contemporary building design illustrates a misleading image about the identity and heritage of traditional Malay architecture, particularly its traditional Malay house. The conventional inventory method can be very complicated, with physically limited accessibility and view, especially in the higher and inaccessible areas, which can lead to a time-consuming and risky process. This requires multiple tools and processes that simultaneously require more resources. Therefore, the aim of this research is to inventory the carved components of one of the traditional Malay house types in Malaysia, Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP), using the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) that is known as a drone. The research is conducted on selected RLBP houses that are located along the Perak River basin. The data is collected using a DJI Mini Drone in the form of photographs and recorded footage. The process is assisted by the carved component inventory checklist that has been established by previous researchers. The findings of the research found that there are 14 common placements of carved components found in RLBP, and it was also found that the inventory process using drones is more efficient and requires less time.

The findings of the research contribute to strengthening the existing research on the architectural heritage of RLBP and support the usage of drones in built heritage research, which can ease and speed up the data collection process.
Historical Cultural Landscape: Mapping of Traditional House in Aceh
Authors: Dewi C , Rauzi E N , Edytia M H A , Nichols J
Published: August 2024

Cultural landscape mapping layers historical, spatial, and narrative as an inventory of heritage – maintaining resilient data – knowledge. The traditional house is one of the elements of the historical cultural landscape exploring people’s engagement with the places that they inhabit. Places are literally “mapped” in order to mark essential composed cultural representations of the area. The widespread heritage of traditional houses called Rumoh Aceh is increasingly disappearing along with the development of modern housing demanded by the community. Therefore, this study aims to assemble a repository of the existence of traditional houses in Aceh Besar and classify the use of different building materials, and changes made to the original building materials among them. A range of datasets are collected including the coordinates of the location of Rumoh Aceh and the images of its current condition. The first finding is a map of Rumoh Aceh established in unexplored villages that illustrates the density of traditional Rumoh Aceh spreading among the villages located in Aceh Besar Regency. Secondly, most of the thatched roof – the original roof materials of Rumoh Aceh – is replaced by zinc and repainted with non-wood colours like blue, yellow, and green. In addition, all the results are available online. Thus, it enables people to access the historical Rumoh Aceh landscape embedded in digital data that is resilient and sustainable. The availability of online data is not only for cultural conservation but also for disaster mitigation and post-disaster reconstruction.
The Effect of Placing Windows as Façades on Thermal Comfort in a Traditional House in Pekon Hujung, West Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Faisal G , Lestari A D E , Aziz M F , Intia S
Published: August 2024

The village of Pekon Hujung is located in the highlands of Lampung Province. This area has unique socio-cultural elements in its local architecture. The shape of the traditional Lampung house reflects openness, strength, comfort, and beauty. With a complex house plan pattern, using windows in traditional West Lampung houses is the main key to thermal comfort of the building. The use of windows in traditional houses in West Lampung is also a realisation of sociocultural elements in the form of openness and beauty that are applied to building facades. In traditional Lampung houses, windows have multiple functions supporting air circulation and aesthetic elements. A good opening design will have a good effect on air circulation and light in the house. This research uses qualitative methods by conducting observations, data collection, and comparative analysis of window placement on several facades of stilt houses in Pekon Hujung. In one dwelling, a movement pattern is needed that provides flexibility with considerations of economic, functional, and comfort as a vital link for various activities in Lamban. These considerations affect the placement of windows as facades used in stilt houses in Pekon Hujung. Based on the results of observations and analysis, there are similarities between the stilt houses and other stilt houses in Pekon Hujung, that is, there are no windows on the first floor of the stilt house. While on the second floor the full placement of windows on the house’s facade, where the rooms on the second floor have functioned for various daily activities, so that the use of windows is maximised. The use of windows as natural ventilation in traditional houses in Pekon Hujung is classified as horizontal cross ventilation. The Pekon Hujung community uses its knowledge to create natural ventilation with openings as the main component in buildings. Observation and comparison of the placement of these windows resulted in the conclusion that the use of windows as a façade of a stilt house affects the air circulation within the house. Therefore, the windows for the people of Pekon Hujung are not just a place for air and light to enter; furthermore, the windows function as the face of the house in Pekon Hujung.
Beyond Growing Crops: How Community Gardening Shapes the Residents’ Meaning of Participation
Authors: Sharif Shahida Mohd , Ujang Norsidah , Shukor Shureen Faris Abdul , Maruthaveeran Sreetheran
Published: August 2024

Community gardening is situated against the backdrop of the ‘Bumi Hijau’ campaign, which aims to foster urban agriculture engagement in Malaysia. It emerges as a vital practice that promotes inclusivity, diversity, and empowerment within urban areas. This study explores the experiences of community gardening among residents of Seri Perlis 2, a public housing neighborhood in Kuala Lumpur. The study reveals diverse identity formation, empowerment, and knowledge acquisition among participants who span various ages, professions, and backgrounds, embodying the broader demographic spectrum of the community. The study employs qualitative semi-structured interviews to gather rich data, enabling an in-depth exploration of participants’ experiences. It illustrates how community gardening participants shape their understanding of participation beyond mere crop cultivation. According to LB, his commitment to participation reflects a sense of accountability to government calls for food security and cost reduction. HC’s transformation through his participation showcases identity reshaping. AK’s active involvement has boosted cooperative income, while AM’s participation has highlighted its educational aspect, providing access to vast agricultural knowledge from multiple sources. Data analysis and interpretation have uncovered themes that point to the capacity of community gardening participation to empower potential in identity formation and its role as a platform for continuous learning. The exploration of their experiences has encapsulated other themes like unity, agricultural heritage preservation, and empowerment, transcending crop cultivation as it redefines participants’ engagement. These diverse experiences reinforce the transformative capacity of community gardening participation, aligning with previous research and government campaigns. Amid differing perspectives and experiences, the potential for personal growth and community cohesion through community gardening becomes evident, contributing to sustainable urban community development.
The spatial modification of lamin anyeq apui in sungai bawang cultural village indonesia
Authors: Widayati Rusfina , Selim Gehan
Published: August 2024

Sungai Bawang cultural village is situated in Kutai Kartanegara regency. This village, inhabited by the indigenous tribe Dayak Kenyah, has uniqueness in its tangible and intangible culture. The combination of architectural heritage and their custom on dances, carvings, and sculptures. These cultural values made this village officially launched as a Cultural village in July 2020. The Lamin However, after decades, the Lamin Anyeq Apui has been changed and modified on its spatiality. This study tried to investigate what aspects of the spatial have changed and how the modification then formed the spatial concept of recent Lamin Anyeq Apui. A Case study method is used in conducting this study. Data were collected from field observation in 2013 and 2023. Then, the modification of the spatiality is observed and analysed. The criteria of spatiality refer to the Spatial concept of Lamin Dayak Kenyah. The finding from analysis found that there was a significant modification in roof shape and the appearance of the building that became a stilt building. The main entrance also was moved in its elongated direction. There are more carvings on the wall and the roof. Belawing was erected in front of the Lamin. The Layout of the interior has little change in it. And for the exterior, a parking area has been added to Lamin’s front yard. In conclusion, the spatial modification in Lamin Anyeq Apui has been changed in the improvement of what spatial aspects are needed to comply with Lamin’s spatial concept.
Comparison of the Size of the Facade Element of Vernacular Architecture of Lamban Pesagi with the Golden Section as an Initial Variable Parametric Design Method
Authors: Ricardo David , Matondang Adelia Enjelina , Fajarwati Galuh , Sekarlangit Brigitta Astrid , Mahaputra Muhammad Rizky
Published: August 2024

Lampung Province has a heritage of vernacular architecture that is hundreds of years old. However, nowadays, it is very difficult to find buildings that use the vocabulary of Lampung vernacular forms. The building design characterized by Lampung culture now only relies on the Siger ornament which is applied to the facade. In fact, there are other elements of Lampung’s vernacular architecture that can be applied to modern buildings. This research was conducted so that people care more and have awareness to apply the essence of Lampung’s vernacular architecture to the buildings they design. This research was conducted by providing parameters for the comparison of the basic geometric shapes of Lampung vernacular architecture of Lamban Pesagi with the golden section units used in international standards. The result of this study is the percentage between the sizes of architectural elements in traditional Lampung houses (Lamban Pesagi), namely the column elements (aghi), floors (gegading), and ceiling heights to the international golden section unit, so that they can be used as a reference in designing the vocabulary of traditional architecture into modern architecture, or called the Neo-Vernacular architectural style.
Determination of the probability of shear resistance of the retaining wall
Authors: Babayev Volodymyr , Kichaieva Oksana , Kalmykov Oleg , Adam Dietmar , Pivovarov Oleksandr
Published: August 2024

A methodology for determining the probability of failure of a curvilinear retaining wall against shear using the Monte Carlo statistical testing method was developed in this paper. An algorithm and computer program implementing this approach are proposed, as well as an example of curvilinear wall calculation is performed together with reliability indices for three design cases are obtained. By under-standing the values of the probability of failure in a given case according to one of the criteria, it is possible to determine the risk level of the project and, if necessary, to make changes in the design of the retaining wall. The concept of reliability management in the Eurocode is manifested here in the timely correction of the decisions taken, while it is necessary to use the procedure of quantitative assessment of the probability of occurrence of a particular limit state. The qualitative assessment only indicates the boundaries of the area that roughly characterises the consequences of changes in the geotechnical situation.
The bearing capacity reserves of steel columns of a single-span frame with a proportional increase in loading history
Authors: Yaroviy S M , Yarovyy Y M , Riumin V V , Solodovnyk Y Y
Published: August 2024

Searching for the reserves of non-standard construction and the improvement of the structure of steel and metal columns is an urgent task. This makes it possible to more fully take into account the actual operation of structures and the saving of metal. Experimental studies of work stylus-bending columns in warehouses were carried out mainly on models. In this work, the goal is to experimentally investigate the operation of full-scale columns as part of the cross section of a one-story and one-span industrial building, corresponding to real construction conditions. Actual field tests will allow to obtain a reliable picture of: the stress-deformed state of compression-bending columns, to determine the horizontal displacements of the cross-section, to obtain a picture of the operation of nodes, to investigate the issue of general and local stability, to reveal real reserves of the column’s bearing capacity. Experimentally obtained test data of natural I-beam compression-bending columns as part of a frame with the application of all loads acting on them (permanent, wind and crane) at different stages of loading (up to the exhaustion of the bearing capacity) made it possible to determine the actual stress-strain state of the columns and their movement, development of plastic deformations in shelves and walls, local loss of stability of compressed shelves and walls, general loss of stability of columns in the frame, deformation of column base plates. According to the results of the experiment, it was established that the columns in the frame lost the load-bearing capacity of the experiment at loads greater than 1.6 of the calculated level.
The improvement of the slab-ring foundation design with an under-silo gallery of a cylindrical steel silo on the grounds of the computer simulation results and those of field observations
Authors: Butenko A A , Mozgovyi A O , Spirande K V
Published: August 2024

Over the last two decades, steel silos have become quite common in the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine and replaced the reinforced concrete silos due to their more economical design. An urgent problem of the steel silos design is an insufficient bearing capacity of the base and its excessive deformability. For a newly built silo, the vertical settlement of the base and foundation was monitored with geodetic instruments. The absolute deformations of the monolithic reinforced concrete foundation of the silo were measured. A three-dimensional finite-element model of a silo, a foundation, and a base was developed using computer simulation methods. When simulating the behavior of the foundation concrete, the non-linear deformation-force theory of reinforced concrete was used. The basis of the silo is layered and it is composed of settlement soils that do not have sufficient bearing capacity and cause an excessive settlement. Therefore, a ring foundation is provided on a soil base reinforced with soil-cement elements under the perimeter wall of the foundation. The results of numerical simulations and field measurements of vertical settlements and stresses in the concrete of a silo foundation were compared. The difference in vertical subsidence was 60%. The efficiency of the hinged joint of the plate connecting with the perimeter wall has been proven by distribution of contact stresses under the sole of the foundation. In further design practice, it is recommended to use a hinged joint for connecting a slab with a perimeter wall due to the operational reliability of silos.
Methods and Models of Urban Planning for Sustainable Development Processes in Agglomerations
Authors: Olena Uhodnikova , Viatkin Kostiantyn , Andrii Kolodezny
Published: August 2024

In the context of continuous population density growth in urban agglomerations and escalating challenges in ensuring sustainable development, there is a need to enhance methods and models of urban planning management to ensure the sustainable development of territories. One of the key issues is the effective management of sustainable development processes in agglomerations, taking into account population growth dynamics, environmental issues, social challenges, and infrastructure needs. The aim of this research is the development and analysis of methods and models of urban planning management aimed at supporting the sustainable development of agglomerations. The research focuses on urban agglomerations as the object of study and methods and models of urban planning management as the subject of study. The study utilizes the analysis and synthesis of existing models of managing urban agglomerations, statistical analysis of population dynamics and infrastructure data, as well as surveys of stakeholders. The author has conducted an analysis of existing methods of managing urban planning processes and developed new models aimed at achieving the sustainable development of agglomerations. The research takes into account various aspects, including housing provision, transportation solutions, environmental impact, and socio-cultural sphere. The study indicates the necessity of an integrated approach to urban planning management that considers the multifaceted nature of sustainable development in agglomerations. The research recommendations include the implementation of innovative technologies, strengthening social partnerships, and ensuring effective infrastructure to secure a sustainable future for urban agglomerations.
Modern Heating Systems for Multi-Story Residential Buildings
Authors: Taradai O , Bugai V , Gvozdetskii O , Burda Y , Diachenko S
Published: August 2024

The article considers the main problems of domestic heat supply that do not allow to create comfortable conditions in the premises of residential, civil buildings or industrial facilities for a particular consumer of heat energy. The main problems of multi-story residential buildings in Ukraine, built in the second half of the last century, equipped with vertical heating systems that do not allow individual regulation of heat energy consumption by each apartment are considered. The article considers eight possible variants of heating of multi-story residential buildings. Existing boiler houses or thermal power plants are considered as heat sources in these variants. The choice of eight heat supply systems was based on the accumulated world and domestic experience, real possibilities of their mass completion and installation. Calculations are given, taking into account all capital costs and operating costs for construction and maintenance of sources, thermal, electrical and other systems related to the provision of heat energy to each consumer.
Risk Management Strategies of Urban Planning Projects in the Framework of Post-War Reconstruction
Authors: Denis Vishnevsky
Published: August 2024

Post-war urban reconstruction is a crucial task for Ukraine and the entire civilized world, as it requires comprehensive urban planning and risk management of urban development projects. Significant challenges include infrastructure restoration, housing rehabilitation, economic system revival, resilience to natural disasters, addressing socio-economic disparities, and achieving balanced sustainable development in cities after the cessation of hostilities. In the context of post-war urban reconstruction, effective risk management of urban planning projects becomes a problem that demands a deeper understanding and a systematic approach. The majority of urban reconstruction projects face various threats, including financial risks, socio-cultural challenges, and natural disasters. The aim of this study is to develop and analyze risk management strategies for urban planning projects in the context of post-war reconstruction. The author intends to identify effective methods and tools to reduce risks and enhance resilience to the challenges of post-war reconstruction in cities. The object of the research is urban planning projects within the framework of post-war reconstruction in Ukraine, and the subject is the risk management strategies for these projects. The following methods were employed in this study. Review and analysis of previous research and theoretical approaches to risk management in post-war urban planning. Using mathematical models to forecast risks and their impact on urban planning projects. Comparing different risk management strategies and their impact on the success of urban planning projects. Accomplished Tasks. In this research, key risks affecting urban planning projects in a post-war context were identified. The author developed risk management strategies and assessed their effectiveness based on an analysis of empirical data and mathematical models. The research revealed that effective risk management of urban planning projects in post-war conditions is achievable through thorough analysis, consideration of socio-cultural peculiarities, and the use of risk modeling tools. It is recommended to implement these strategies in urban planning practice to ensure sustainable development and resilience in cities in post-war conditions. This article makes a significant contribution to the understanding and practical implementation of risk management strategies for urban planning projects in post-war reconstruction in Ukraine, contributing to sustainable development in cities and regions.
A proof of Erdős’s 𝐵+𝐵+𝑡 conjecture
Authors: Kra Bryna , Moreira Joel , Richter Florian , Robertson Donald
Published: August 2024

We show that every set

A
A

of natural numbers with positive upper Banach density can be shifted to contain the restricted sumset

{

b
1

+

b
2

:

b
1

,

b
2

∈
B
 and 

b
1

≠

b
2

}

\{b_1 + b_2 : b_1, b_2\in B \text { and } b_1 \ne b_2 \}

for some infinite set

B
⊂
A

B \subset A

.
From motivic Chern classes of Schubert cells to their Hirzebruch and CSM classes
Authors: Aluffi Paolo , Mihalcea Leonardo , Schürmann Jörg , Su Changjian
Published: August 2024

The equivariant motivic Chern class of a Schubert cell in a complete flag manifold

X
=
G

/

B

X=G/B

is an element in the equivariant

K

\mathrm {K}

-theory ring of

X
X

to which one adjoins a formal parameter

y
y

. In this paper we prove several folklore results about motivic Chern classes, including finding specializations at

y
=
−
1

y=-1

and

y
=
0

y=0

; the coefficient of the top power of

y
y

; how to obtain Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson (CSM) classes as leading terms of motivic classes; divisibility properties of the Schubert expansion of motivic Chern classes. We collect several conjectures on the positivity, unimodality, and log concavity of CSM and motivic Chern classes of Schubert cells, including a conjectural positivity of structure constants of the multiplication of Poincaré duals of CSM classes. In addition, we prove a ‘star duality’ for the motivic Chern classes, showing how they behave under the involution taking a vector bundle to its dual. We use the motivic Chern transformation to define two equivariant variants of the Hirzebruch transformation, which appear naturally in the Grothendieck-Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch formalism. We utilize the Demazure-Lusztig recursions from the motivic Chern class theory to find similar recursions giving the Hirzebruch classes of Schubert cells, their Poincaré duals, and their Segre versions. We explain the functoriality properties needed to extend the results to partial flag manifolds

G

/

P

G/P

.
Wreath Macdonald polynomials, a survey
Authors: Orr Daniel , Shimozono Mark
Published: August 2024

Wreath Macdonald polynomials arise from the geometry of

Γ
\Gamma

-fixed loci of Hilbert schemes of points in the plane, where

Γ
\Gamma

is a finite cyclic group of order

r
≥
1

r\ge 1

. For

r
=
1

r=1

, they recover the classical (modified) Macdonald symmetric functions through Haiman’s geometric realization of these functions. The existence, integrality, and positivity of wreath Macdonald polynomials for

r
>
1

r>1

was conjectured by Haiman and first proved in work of Bezrukavnikov and Finkelberg by means of an equivalence of derived categories. Despite the power of this approach, a lack of explicit tools providing direct access to wreath Macdonald polynomials—in the spirit of Macdonald’s original works—has limited progress in the subject.

A recent result of Wen provides a remarkable set of such tools, packaged in the representation theory of quantum toroidal algebras. In this article, we survey Wen’s result along with the basic theory of wreath Macdonald polynomials, including its geometric foundations and the role of bigraded reflection functors in the construction of wreath analogs of the

∇
\nabla

operator. We also formulate new conjectures on the values of important constants arising in the theory of wreath Macdonald

P
P

-polynomials. A variety of examples are used to illustrate these objects and constructions throughout the paper.
Love Me Tonight
Authors: Block Geoffrey
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this Guide is to introduce scholars, students, and general readers to a remarkable musical film, Love Me Tonight (1932), which has enjoyed considerably high esteem but remains less familiar than other acknowledged classics of its era. The Guide will devote individual chapters to the work’s genesis and development of the screenplay, the songs, the instrumental numbers, the role censorship has played in the history of the film, and the film’s reception from its time to ours. All of these topics will be informed by extensive archival holdings in several major library collections as well as the indispensable resources housed at the Paramount Studio archives. While the Guide does not ignore the many notable cinematic aspects of this film that have been so ably explored by film scholars, it will allow more space for the musical, literary, and dramatic dimensions that have received less emphasis in previous film studies. It is hoped that this added musical emphasis will shed new light on why Love Me Tonight merits this kind of scholarly study as well as critical attention and respect.
Conditional and Unconditional Universalism
Authors: Seekings Jeremy
Published: August 2024

Universalism means different things to different international organizations and national political elites. Whilst the most strident champions of universalism use it as a vehicle to push for an unconditional individual right to financial support from the state, the predominant view among African political elites emphasizes the conditionality of social protection on the fulfillment of responsibilities to the family, community, or nation. This is not so much a repudiation of universalism as an alternative understanding of the universality of duties as well as rights. The gap between the norms underlying some (but not all) international organizations and those that predominate among the political elites who control national policymaking inhibits the expansion of social protection across Africa.
Comparative Urbanism and Travelling Theory
Authors: Bergsli Heidi
Published: August 2024

Understanding social stratification and social displacement processes in cities is important to the development of social and urban policies. This chapter discusses the value of comparative urbanism and gentrification theory in explaining such processes and the theory’s ability to travel globally. A literature review of how gentrification theory has evolved and been geographically dispersed illustrates the difficulty as well as the fruitfulness of travelling theory. Using comparative methods in urban studies helps building epistemological frameworks that strengthen theory development. A shared, global research agenda of comparative urbanism can also contribute to the struggles over the right to cities. The global force of the Right to the City Movement, which can impact social policies, highlights the value of comparative urbanism and a shared research agenda on gentrification.
The Politics of Poverty Alleviation in China
Authors: Walker Robert , Lichao Yang
Published: August 2024

Since 1987, China has lifted almost 800 million people out of abject poverty. It contributed half of the global reduction in poverty achieved in the era of the Millennium Development Goals and claims to be the first country to attain Sustainable Development Goal 1, eradicating extreme poverty, which was accomplished in 2021. When presented as a State Council handbook to guide developing countries, the achievement appears to result from technocratic expertise. The reality is that it is a product of the interplay of politics within a culture that has taken poverty to be a measure of rulers’ integrity, competence, and legitimacy for at least 3,500 years. The chapter documents the development of poverty alleviation from being a social problem to becoming an instrument of political ambition, a source of national pride, and a tool in international diplomacy.
The Good, Bad, and Ugly of School Closures and Virtual Learning
Authors: Colvin Molly , Reesman Jennifer Linton , Glen Tannahill
Published: August 2024

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. schools shut down, with some areas experiencing educational disruption for more than a full academic year. Duration of closures varied tremendously across states, even within the same district, with closures in some areas among the briefest globally, while other areas experienced closures longer than most other countries. Methods of instruction were similarly variable, ranging from full-time, in-person classes to hybrid programs to fully virtual instruction. This chapter details challenges identified in pre-pandemic research on educational disruption and virtual learning, and it describes how the same issues complicated students’ adjustment to pandemic-related school closures.
Clinical Practice in a Post-COVID Era
Authors: Colvin Molly , Reesman Jennifer Linton , Glen Tannahill
Published: August 2024

Experts in many fields with mental health relevance will need to consider the impacts of pandemic-related educational disruptions as they relate to current and future clinical practice. Traditional methods of estimating education and use of pre-pandemic normative datasets are now likely less reliable indicators of cognitive ability. The long-term impact of alteration of developmental trajectories due to school closures is still unknown. Likely underestimates of the actual extent of learning loss may contribute to reduced efficacy of remediation and lost opportunities to mitigate harm. Finally, experts performing forensic and medicolegal evaluations will need to closely attend to the impacts of educational disruption on test administration, score interpretation, differential diagnosis, and alteration of neurodevelopmental trajectories.
Informing inclusive and affirmative hospital pharmacy services for 2SLGBTQ+ patients
Authors: Kennedy Zach J , Bogle Darren , MacInnis Melanie , Wilby Kyle John
Published: August 2024

Purpose

Two-spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (2SLGBTQ+) people disproportionally experience health disparities, and hospital pharmacists, given their accessibility and expertise in medication management, are ideally positioned to provide care to this vulnerable population. This study investigated the barriers and facilitators faced by hospital pharmacists when providing care to 2SLGBTQ+ patients, with the goal of informing enhancement of quality care provided to these patients.

Methods

A mixed-methods triangulation design was utilized, comprising an online survey and qualitative interviews with Canadian hospital pharmacists. The survey used the lens of systemic oppression as a framework and assessed pharmacists’ perceptions and knowledge. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

A total of 129 individuals participated in the survey, and 15 participants were interviewed. Eleven themes were identified, and findings revealed a complex web of individual, interpersonal, and systemic barriers and facilitators. Pharmacists expressed a lack of proficiency and confidence in discussing 2SLGBTQ+ health topics, further compounded by an apprehension to engage and a fear of causing harm. Pharmacists desired support from their leadership teams and organizations in the form of access to resources, time to engage in training, and workplace environments that encourage discussions about 2SLGBTQ+ health.

Conclusion

Hospital pharmacists in Canada are willing to provide inclusive care to 2SLGBTQ+ patients but face significant barriers. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive education, supportive workplace cultures, and accessible resources to address health disparities and improve care for 2SLGBTQ+ individuals.
Solving genomic puzzles: computational methods for metagenomic binning
Authors: Mallawaarachchi Vijini , Wickramarachchi Anuradha , Xue Hansheng , Papudeshi Bhavya , Grigson Susanna R , Bouras George , Prahl Rosa E , Kaphle Anubhav , Verich Andrey , Talamantes-Becerra Berenice , Dinsdale Elizabeth A , Edwards Robert A
Published: August 2024

Metagenomics involves the study of genetic material obtained directly from communities of microorganisms living in natural environments. The field of metagenomics has provided valuable insights into the structure, diversity and ecology of microbial communities. Once an environmental sample is sequenced and processed, metagenomic binning clusters the sequences into bins representing different taxonomic groups such as species, genera, or higher levels. Several computational tools have been developed to automate the process of metagenomic binning. These tools have enabled the recovery of novel draft genomes of microorganisms allowing us to study their behaviors and functions within microbial communities. This review classifies and analyzes different approaches of metagenomic binning and different refinement, visualization, and evaluation techniques used by these methods. Furthermore, the review highlights the current challenges and areas of improvement present within the field of research.