bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypospadias: a review
Authors: Palacios-Rodríguez Patricia M. , Romero Juan J. Granados , Montalvo-Hernández Jorge , Vázquez-González Juan C. , Mendizabal-Velazquez Alondra , González-Martínez Itaty C. , Abundez-Pliego Ana L. , Valderrama-Treviño Alan I. , Barrera-Mera Baltazar
Published: August 2023

Hypospadias is a congenital malformation of the male external genitalia, which includes: anomalous location proximal to the urethral meatus, in any portion of the glans penis and perineum, hooded dorsal foreskin, and inverted penile curvature on the dorsal side of the foreskin. The etiology has been considered multifactorial, secondary to the interaction of environmental factors with specific genetic background. It represents the second most frequent congenital defect in male newborns. It has increasing prevalence rates of 0.25 new cases per 10,000 newborns per year. Risk factors that have been identified include infants small for gestational age with weight below the 10th percentile, head length and/or circumference, intrauterine growth restriction, and placental insufficiency. Regarding environmental risk factors, maternal exposure to pesticides has been linked. Prenatal diagnosis has been described, however proximal hypospadias is usually detected, making it difficult to diagnose distal hypospadias using this method. So usually the diagnosis is made after birth during the physical examination. To date, more than 300 surgical techniques are known for the correction of hypospadias. The treatment of distal hypospadias is currently performed in one time; the management of proximal hypospadias is controversial; one group favors the one-stage procedure, while other groups choose to perform the two-stage procedure.
Smart and Sustainable Ports: Tools for Implementing Port Community Systems: Appendices
Authors:   IDOM Consulting
Published: August 2023

Appendices to “Smart and Sustainable Ports: Tools for Implementing Port Community Systems” It describes in more detail the data sources and provides more useful documentation.
In Silico Studies and Histopathological Analysis on the Bioremediation Effect of Spirulina in Various Tissues of Diclofenac Treated Pangasius Sps
Authors: Shreenidhi K. S. , Sri Santhanam Saranya , Bhaskar Shreaya , Narayan Sridhar Sowmia , Vijaya Geetha B.
Published: August 2023

The aquatic biome is an integral part of Earth's survival. Humans, with an attitude to lead a comfortable life, have invaded the ecosystem to a larger extent owing to many direct and indirect catastrophes in the longer run. Our aim was to establish the link between the genes and compounds that turn toxic to the organisms over due course of time. With the selected compound as diclofenac, Comparative Toxicogenomics database was used to identify the diseases related to the compounds, the top expressing genes, and the common genes of the compounds. By incorporating the coalescence of spirulina bioremediation under histopathological studies, the effect of the algae was observed. From these two studies, we were able to conclude that there was a significant link between the effects of the compound on the organisms.
Evaluation of Haematological and Biochemical Activity of Thai Traditional Antinausea Remedy in Normal Albino rats
Authors: Damjuti Watchara , Kwansang Juthaporn , Boonruab Jurairat
Published: August 2023

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Thai Traditional anti-nausea remedy against haematological and biochemical effects in animals in the acute toxicity and sub-acute toxicity phase. Twenty-two male and female rats were divided into four groups with equal numbers of sex, each group were respectively received distilled water, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight as a single dose by gavage. While the experiment in the sub-acute phase, eighteen male and female rats were divided into three groups with equal numbers of sex. Each group were respectively given distilled water, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight once a day for the duration of the experiment until collecting blood samples. The blood samples were collected for haematological: Red Blood Cell (RBC), Haemoglobin (HGB), Hematocrit (HCT), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), White Blood Cell (WBC), Neutrophil (NEU), Lymphocyte (LYMPH), Monocyte (MONO), Eosinophil (EO), Basophil (BASO) and biochemical analysis; Glucose (GLU), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Creatinine (CREA), Cholesterol (CHOL) and Triglyceride (TG). The results showed that the remedy caused behavioural adverse effects, but no mortality observed. In the acute toxicity phase, single oral administration of anti-nausea remedy increased mean difference compared to the control group on Creatinine level and decreased in AST level and ALP level (P<0.05). In the subacute study, daily oral administration of the remedy did not result in death or changes in the body weight and food consumption but also showed comparable results on renal function marker including increasing of BUN levels and decreasing of AST level and ALP level (P<0.05). In haematological and some biochemical analyses showed few disadvantageous effects. Based on the results obtained, although there were some changes in blood chemistry values, these were small changes not higher than reference values, indicating that the remedy was safe to take for a short period of time.
К вопросу о принципах административного судопроизводства в Российской Федерации: понятие, сущность и основные положения
Authors: Крыжняя С.В.
Published: August 2023

В данной статье автор рассматривает важный вопрос в области предпринимательского права-вопрос, связанный с принципами административного судопроизводства, их основным значением. Данная тема является актуальной, поскольку каждый из нас может столкнуться с данным вопросом, именно поэтому важно четко и детально рассмотреть основные принципы административного судопроизводства. В административном судопроизводстве исходя из изученной темы автор предлагает детализировать определѐнную статью в кодексе, дополнить ее и упорядочить основные принципы.
Наследственные права несовершеннолетних детей и отдельные проблемы их реализации
Authors: Купцова О.В. , Осипова В.С.
Published: August 2023

В статье предпринята попытка проанализировать современное правовое обеспечение возможности участия несовершеннолетних детей в наследственных правоотношениях. Отмечается, что несовершеннолетнее лицо может иметь статус и наследодателя, и наследника, а также «дополнение» дееспособности несовершеннолетнего наследника правомочиями его законных представителей. Подчеркиваются проблемы ущемления прав детей при принятии наследства, обращается внимание на необходимость совершенствования законодательства в интересах признания и обеспечения наследственных прав детей, родившихся вследствие применения вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий.
Действие права и реализация права: теоретические проблемы взаимосвязи
Authors: Магомедова Е.А. , Воробьева М.О. , Лаптев Е.В.
Published: August 2023

В статье предпринята попытка выстроить систему рассуждений о соотношении понятий «действие права» и «реализация права» в контексте постулатов общей теории права. Авторы обращаются к содержательному наполнению этих двух понятий и в результате проведения сравнительного анализа констатируют глубокую теоретическую взаимосвязь этих понятий с одной стороны, а с другой стороны – показывают, что понятие «действие права» более широкое, чем понятие «реализация права».
Проблемные вопросы взаимодействия руководителя следственного органа со следователем в уголовном процессе
Authors: Молокопеева Е.Ю.
Published: August 2023

В статье исследуются проблемные вопросы реализации функций руководителя следственного органа при его взаимодействии со следователем в уголовном процессе. Проведенный анализ показал, что реформы следственного аппарата повлекли за собой дискуссии о роли в уголовном судопроизводстве нового участника - руководителя следственного органа, который не только сохранил права начальника следственного органа, но и стал обладать частью полномочий, которыми ранее был наделен прокурор. Полномочия руководителя следственного органа изложены хаотично, без определенной системы, что не дает четкого представления о его деятельности. Продолжена систематизация полномочий руководителя следственного органа в соответствии с направлениями его деятельности и в соотношении с другими нормами УПК РФ.
Некоторые особенности свидетеля как участника административного судопроизводства
Authors: Панова К.В. , Шубина П.Е. , Козлова В.К
Published: August 2023

В данном научном исследовании рассматриваются некоторые особенности правового положения свидетеля как участника административного судопроизводства Непосредственное рассмотрение административного судопроизводства невозможно без ее основного компонента - участников административной процесса. Поэтому стоит рассмотреть институт свидетеля в административном судопроизводстве, которые играют значимую роль при рассмотрении и разрешении административных споров. Актуальность вопроса о роли свидетеля заключается в том, что в настоящее время административному процессу как юридической и научной дисциплине уделяется недостаточно внимания.
Особенности системы источников экологического права
Authors: Руденко А.И.
Published: August 2023

В статье рассмотрены основные источники экологического права. Главной целью является рассмотрение особенностей системы источников экологического права.
Применение мер безопасности в отношении осужденных к принудительным работам, подлежащим государственной защите
Authors: Смусенок А.А.
Published: August 2023

В статье обосновывается необходимость устранения пробела в законодательстве, связанного с отсутствием порядка заключения договора с защищаемым лицом, подлежащим государственной защите, являющимся осужденным к принудительным работам.
Характеристика особенностей и основных теорий возникновения государства
Authors: Шавыркин Г.О. , Шведчикова Е.В.
Published: August 2023

В данной статье дается характеристика основных причин возникновения государства. Рассматривается плюрализм теорий возникновения государства, раскрывается сущность основных теорий.
tempo da escuta musical
Authors: Pires Victor de Almeida Nobre
Published: August 2023

O presente trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre a dimensão temporal da escuta conexa a partir do “aovivismo” musical. Entenderemos a escuta conexa, não como um modo particular de se escutar e consumir música, mas como um modo de entender a escuta musical em sentido mais amplo atentando para suas camadas “não-musicais”, ou seja, como uma prática comunicacional acionada através do engajamento entre o corpo humano e tecnologias de reprodução em regimes de conectividade em rede e através de plataformas digitais. Com base em três breves relatos de transmissões de shows recentes e seus desdobramentos nas mídias sociais propõe-se um debate sobre o “ao vivo” na música além uma condição técnica da gravação e transmissão, mas, sim, como um efeito construído através de agenciamentos das assincronias e temporalidades complexas da performance gravada, entendendo a escuta musical como um elemento temporalizador e agenciador de um tempo presente.
Forming Lawyers who can Contribute to Equitable Access to Justice in South Africa
Authors: Walker Melanie , Rawson Christopher
Published: August 2023

Drawing on Amartya Sen, this paper proposes that clinical legal education and training should be evaluated in the light of contributions to wellbeing and agency freedoms, foregrounding people’s capabilities as an appropriate metric for judging access to justice. The context is post-apartheid South Africa and aspirations towards transformative Constitutionalism which seeks to operationalize values of dignity, equality and freedom for all. The role the legal system, mediated by legal practitioners, should support Constitutional values and the public good as envisaged by the National Standards for university legal education. This challenge is explored in the article, drawing on a qualitative interview study. The researchers interviewed candidate attorneys across six University Law Clinics to identify the professional capabilities they valued for the purposes of contributing to enabling people to flourish in their everyday lives. Transformative Constitutionalism further suggests a set of capabilities which legal practice should enable. Through the perspectives and voices of practitioners, valued legal capabilities and the corresponding university education and training practices are also identified. The idea of legal capability is developed and broadened both conceptually and empirically, building on work both by Atkins and Habbig and Robeyns. The claim is made that legal education, lawyers’ professional capabilities, and transformative Constitutionalism should be grounded normatively in a capabilities metric of justice and hence what matters for people’s wellbeing and agency freedoms.
Effect of Environmental Factors on Learning Quality Among Adult College Students: The Mediation Role of Learning Motivation
Authors: Zhang Mingmei , Lou Huilin , Wang Junru
Published: August 2023

In order to explore the impact of school environment and working organization environment on the learning quality of adult college students, 629 students from two adult colleges were randomly selected as participants in this study. The questionnaires of school environment, work organization environment, learning motivation and learning quality questionnaires were filled out by participants online. Statistical analysies were conducted on SPSS26.0 and PROCESS3.5. Results showed that school environment and work environment both positively predicted the learning quality of adult college students; learning motivation of adult college students played a partial mediation role between school environment, work environment and learning quality. Based on the findings, educators and enterprises should work together to create positive learning environments that inspires students’ learning motivation and improve their learning quality.
Innovative approaches to the advanced training of agricultural specialists in the system of continuing education (on the example of the Tomsk region agroindustrial complex)
Authors: Ryabova N. N. , Butova O. V. , Medentsev A. A.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Agrarian education is currently a difficult area of the branch educational sector, at the same time departmental dissociation of branch educational institutions and professional educational institutions of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation only complicates their interaction at all levels and stages of the process of continuous training of specialists. The growing pace of revolutionary changes in production technology in the modern economy leads to a widening gap between the requirements of employers and qualifications (primarily in terms of their practical component) of graduates of educational institutions and working citizens. In this context, the position on developing an integrated educational cluster model for quality and continuous training of specialists in Tomsk region is relevant. Purpose setting. The aim of the article is to investigate approaches to the training of agricultural specialists in Tomsk region to solve the problem of continuing education of personnel and declare to the scientific and pedagogical community, business structures and the apparatus of power about the feasibility of creating and implementing a technological system of advanced training of agricultural personnel in Tomsk region. Methodology and methods of the study. Methods of theoretical analysis of relevant scientific literature, program and official legal documents on education development, works on the problem of advanced training were used. Results. The principles of lifelong learning and advanced professional training of personnel are considered in terms of social and economic relevance. The concept of creating a regional educational ecosystem for advanced training of agricultural specialists with the competences of the XXI century as a model of integrated educational space was proposed. Developed model takes into account principles and main priorities of innovative approach to training of agricultural specialists at all levels. Conclusion. Educational ecosystem will meet the relevant needs of all participants of relations in the sphere of lifelong learning: schoolchildren, students, adults, institutions engaged in educational activities and teaching staff, employers and their associations, agrarian business institutions, local self-government bodies.
Specifics of knowledge reproduction in the digital economy: Social aspect
Authors: Petukhova M. S. , Chernykh S. I.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The formation of the digital economy, which began in the second half of the 20th century, posed a lot of different problems to humanity. Many of them are associated with the specifics of the digitalization of social production, which, along with human capital, becomes the main resource for development. At the same time, the local digital transformation of economic relations entails changes in their entire scope. First of all, such changes concern the process of reproduction of knowledge, or rather, the technology of its «translation» from a «simple» to an «expanded» state. Purpose setting. The logic of the article is built in the discourse of theorizing the process of cooperation between a machine (AI) and a human. Cooperation (technology, tool) leads to changes in the very nature of work and, accordingly, the transformation of education as its service subsystem. The purpose of the article is to consider the process of knowledge reproduction in the educational architecture of the digital economy. Methodology and methods of the study. The analysis of such meta-processes involves an interdisciplinary analysis, and a structural approach will allow interpreting the main stages of knowledge reproduction in historical discourse. Taking into account the considerable number of economic and socio-philosophical studies, the article necessarily used the latest developments of domestic and foreign scientists. Results. The authors proposed a working definition of the digital economy. It is considered as a modern, historically conditioned way of economic development of society, which is based on the intensive expanded reproduction of knowledge in the form of cooperation between a machine (AI) and a human. The purpose and meaning of this type of reproduction is the use of the subjectivity of an individual in the direction of increasing his creative principle. Creativity is understood as the ability to generate knowledge based not only on material (rational), but also on irrational (ideal) values and meanings. According to these theses, the transformation of all service architectures of social development and, first of all, education should be carried out. Conclusion. The development of intangible assets should be a defining task in the formation of human capital in the digital economy. In turn, the holistic development of the individual»s intelligence in all its modifications (primarily cognitive, emotional and digital), that do not contradict each other is the general task of the education system.
Cognitive modeling as a tool for selecting massive open online courses for independent work of students of general engineering areas of training in physics
Authors: Chikova O. A.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to the development of an adaptive mechanism for managing the independent work of students of general engineering areas when studying a physics course by using massive open online courses based on cognitive modeling technology. Purpose setting. The problem of choosing the factors that determine the feasibility of choosing massive open online courses for self-study of physics is being studied, and the sensitivity of the educational result to changes in influencing factors has been experimentally assessed. Methodology and methods of the study. The complex and weakly structured task of assessing the feasibility of using massive open online courses in teaching physics to students is formalized by constructing cognitive maps that allow modeling changes in the academic result with an impulsive change in factors and in the formation of scenarios. The research methodology is based on the qualitative principles of graph theory, PEST methodology and SWOT analysis. Results. A cognitive model is presented in the form of a functional graph and a simulation experiment was carried out to test the adequacy of the formed cognitive model. Conclusion. The results obtained should subsequently become the ground for the formation of a scientific basis for managing the quality of education in terms of selecting massive open online courses for independent work of students and increasing its both internal and external efficiency.
Manuals and Reference Books for Typographers of the Late XIX – Early XX Centuries
Authors: Kuzmina N. G.
Published: August 2023

A brief description of publications for employees of printing houses is presented: reference books, calendars, which made it possible for typographers to learn the basic rules of typing, historical information on the printing business, as well as the addresses of printing houses in St. Petersburg. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of publications devoted to the printing business, from which information can be gleaned about ancient book-making technologies. In almost every publication, you can get bibliographic information about both printing manuals and small brochures intended for students. The authors shared their long experience of work in printing houses, thus helping the successors to avoid mistakes and perform works efficiently. Publications became necessary as reference and information materials, especially for owners of printing establishments, because from them it was possible to learn about factory legislation, insurance laws and customs tariff. After 1918, the governing bodies changed, so the directories contained information about the main state management bodies for the press and publishing houses of the Supreme Economic Council (Supreme Council of the National Economy) and for Petrograd, the structure of the Union of Workers of Printing Production, etc. There are no modern studies on the information support of the process of printing books in the late XIX – early XX centuries. The purpose of this article is to generalize information about reference literature aimed at typography workers of that period.
Formation of the Sverdlovsk Regional Universal Scientific Library Named After V. G. Belinsky Collections in 1940
Authors: Svetlichnaya S. A.
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to the history of the collections acquisition of the Sverdlovsk Regional Universal Scientific Library named after V. G. Belinsky (SOUNB) in 1940 as a part of the study devoted to the history of the library collections formation. The efficiency of any library depends on the quality and quantity of the book collections, so the selection of documents is the main function of librarians throughout the entire period of the library existence. The author aims at tracing how approaches to the creation of collections have been changing for the space of work of the Library named after V. G. Belinsky. The purpose of the study is to present the history of the library through the collections acquisition. The task was to find documentary and statistical materials about the activities of librarians working with collections. The history of the acquisition is unstudied yet, therefore, official government documents, publications in the local periodical press and documents from the archive of SOUNB served as sources for research. For the first time, data revealed in the library archive are introduced into scientific circulation, and an attempt is made to recreate the history of the most important component of library activities – the acquisition of the largest library in the Middle Urals. Special attention is paid to the topic of obtaining the mandatory copy, opening the department for blind readers, creating an exchange stock, also the problems of current acquisition, preservation of book collections and lack of the necessary space for their placement are considered. To study the topic, the method of historical alignment of the chronological sequence of events has been applied.
Reference Services in University Libraries: the Union of Science and Education
Authors: Luneva Yu. V.
Published: August 2023

The article discusses the main issues related to the organization of reference services in university libraries all over the world in the framework of the traditional reference bureau and virtual reference service. The implementation of the concept of digital reference service requires high professionalism, expert knowledge of digital tools and methods of working with them on the part of the staff of reference services. The development of information technologies changes the format of communication between the bibliographer and the user. Traditional reference services are complemented by specialized research assistance carried out in accordance with research practices of universities. The provision of real-time and deferred virtual reference services, digital transformation of libraries, and the involvement of catboats with artificial intelligence in reference services are current issues in library theory and practice.The turning point in the evolution of reference services has been the university libraries strategic initiative for online learning and additional professional education. Due to the increasing educational mission of university libraries in the professional library community, the role of information curator that the reference librarian can assume is being actively discussed. Reference librarians, alongside with other information professionals, shape the library’s research and educational space. The article bases on the analysis of publications in foreign professional periodicals.
About Smart Systems in Libraries
Authors: Nesterov A. V.
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this article is to discuss the actual problem of using smart systems, metaphorically called “artificial intelligence technology”, “virtual reality”, etc. In addition to the terminological problem, special attention is paid at such important aspect as “digital transformation”, which is the fourth stage of automation of activity, including that of libraries. In digital transformation, the main thing is the transformation of the regulatory framework, in particular, putting it in order. Without terminologization, algorithmization and creation of an ontology of the subject area of information and library activities, it is impossible to create a professional smart system. The study bases on the categorical tensor approach. It shows that the main trend in the development of digital innovations in library and information activities is smartization, mediatization and virtualization. The basic properties of smart systems that allow analyzing the authenticity of scientific and technical texts and identifying authentic texts in them are revealed. It is noted that compression and visualization of analyzed texts can enable librarians to carry out information analysis of publicly available documents, for example, abstracts of dissertations in order to identify detonation data located in the peripheral zone. The emergence of smart systems in the form of a GPT chatbot (Generative Pretrained Transformer) will reflect in the use of professional smart systems, which, unlike anti-plagiarism systems, will identify scientific media products at the semiotic level. The presented results can intensify the discussion on the topic under consideration.
State Public Scientific Technological Library of the SB RAS: a century-long journey
Authors: Posadskov A. L. , Lizunova I. V.
Published: August 2023

One of the largest libraries in Russia on the Eurasian continent, the State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPSL SB RAS) in 2023 celebrates its 105th anniversary from the date of foundation (Moscow) and the 65th anniversary of its activity in the Siberian region (Novosibirsk). The library’s main periods of development from 1918 to the present are considered.
The Theory of Relativity in DSMC: A New Perspective on Thrust Generation in Closed Systems
Authors: Shterev Kiril
Published: August 2023

The primary obstacle in space travel is the absence of a suitable propulsion system. A more effective engine could be realized through innovative processes and advancements in knowledge. This study delves into the potential for generating thrust in a closed system, specifically contemplating the feasibility of using rarefied gas processes as a foundation for a reactionless drive, all within the framework of the theory of relativity. As part of this endeavor, we incorporated the theory of relativity into the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. Our research led to the derivation of an analytical solution for the collision of two equal-mass particles within the DSMC context. This represents a significant simplification considering the non-linear nature of the relativistic equations for energy and momentum conservation. Furthermore, we examined the one-dimensional Fourier flow (a rarefied gas flow between parallel plates with different temperatures) under the tenets of relativity. Interestingly, our investigation validated the conservation of momentum, resulting in zero net momentum, while concurrently uncovering a non-zero resultant force. This non-zero resultant force arises from a term containing the derivative of the Lorentz factor—a component absent in classical mechanics. This suggests that the principles of relativity may enable closed systems to produce thrust, hinting at the potential for a reactionless engine utilizing conventional gas processes, a substantial divergence from the limitations of classical mechanics. Future investigations will explore the relationship between the resultant force and the velocity of the closed system, further advancing our understanding of reactionless space propulsion systems.
Is modern medicine in need of an overhydration marker in kidney failure? The accuracy of available fluid overload markers and the potential of the new ones.
Authors: Nikitiuk Barbara Emilia , Rydzewska-Rosołowska Alicja , Kakareko Katarzyna , Głowińska Irena , Hryszko Tomasz
Published: August 2023

Overhydration (OH) is a common medical problem found in patients with kidney or heart failure, but still a specific marker has not been found. Clinicians today use bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS), ultrasound (US) markers of fluid overload or markers of heart and kidney function like NT-pro-BNP, GFR or creatinine levels. New serum markers such as Ca-125, Galectin-3 (Gal-3), Adrenomedullin (AMD) and Urocortin-2 (UCN-2), are being researched with promising results. The need to discover a more precise marker of overhydration is dire mainly because physical examination is extremely imprecise. Signs and symptoms of fluid overload like edema or gradual increase of body mass are not always present, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease. This review paper summarizes actual knowledge of a patient's hydration status estimation focusing especially on kidney diseases.
Binary Black Hole Mirror Explosion
Authors: Beesham Aroonkumar
Published: August 2023

When two black holes form a binary system, each black hole observes an event horizon and a curved distorted space-time region around the other black hole. In this space-time, two such regions are formed, and another black hole forms in the second region from the initial black hole, which may be termed the “image” of the first black hole. The same event occurs for the other black hole also, and an extra image of it is formed. In these conditions, the energy of the system divides between the two black holes and their images. These four new black holes that are formed interact with each other again and produce new horizons and new distorted regions. Each black hole produces an image of all the other black holes and detects the background of six black holes instead of three. Consequently, for four black holes, 24 new black holes arise. The energy of the system will be divided amongst all 24 black holes. This story continues and black holes interact with one another and produce new images. Finally, very light black holes are formed each of which is so weak that it cannot produce strong distortions of space-time. The radiated gravitational waves from these weak black holes could be detected by LIGO as well as the signature of these binary black holes. However, detected waves are only a part of very strong gravitational waves. Each time a part of these waves escapes from the system and reaches the earth, they may be regarded as emitted waves from a new binary black hole. The time between radiated signals decreases, and it may be interpreted that a new supermassive binary black hole is radiating. If radiated signals combine, an explosion of the very strong binary system could be detected.
Modification of Diamond Surface by Femtosecond Radiation
Authors: Kononenko Vitali V.
Published: August 2023

Basic mechanisms of laser interaction with synthetic diamond are reviewed. The features of the major regimes of diamond surface etching are considered. Besides well-known graphitization and ablation processes, the nanoablation and accumulative graphitization, which attracted the attention relatively recently, are described in detail. The focus is placed on femtosecond (fs) laser exposure which provides a formation of dense cold electron-hole plasma in focal zone and a minimum overheating in surrounding area. This potentially opens the way to develop unique laser-based technologies combining physical and chemical processes for precise surface treatment and functionalization. The physical limitations determining how precisely the diamond surface can be treated by short-pulsed laser radiation and possible pathways to overcome them with the end to remove ultra-thin layers of the material are discussed. Particular attention is devoted to the novel possibility to induce local formation of point active defects - nitrogen vacancy (NV) complexes in the laser-irradiated zone. Both the regimes of NV centers generation with and without graphitization of diamond lattice are reviewed. It is thus shown that intensive pulse laser radiation is a perfect tool for processing of synthetic diamonds on the micro, nano and even on an atomic level that can be well controlled and managed.
On CPT Universes in Background of a Black Hole Binary System
Authors: Beesham Aroonkumar
Published: August 2023

Recently, some authors have claimed that we may live in one of a pair of universes in which one is expanding receding from the Big Bang and its partner is contracting and moving towards the Big Bang. We show that near a black hole binary system, this event may be occurring. If we suppose that there is a N dimensional brane which contains many smaller k dimensional branes and black holes, there is a possibility that the curved space times near black holes act like mirrors. This is because these space-times contain two regions such that the branes in the one region have opposite quantum numbers with respect to the branes in the other region. Also, if branes in one region are expanding and go away from a point state and the Big Bang, anti-branes in the other region are contracting and moving towards the point state and the Big Bang. If black holes join and form a binary system, then their states become similar to two mirrors that are facing each other and producing many images themselves of smaller branes and even black holes in the binary system. Summing over all branes and images give the CPT system. Dark energy could be a result of the images of observed matter. Comparing the masses of the observed objects and dark energy, the angle between cosmic mirrors like black hole binary systems could be determined.
Decentralized QFT Controller Design Based on the Equivalent Subsystems Method
Authors: Kozáková Alena , Čápková Romana , Kozák Štefan
Published: August 2023

Since the come up in the 70´s, various decentralized control methodologies have been developed to deal with the challenge of controlling complex and/or spatially distributed systems with multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO), e.g., chemical plants, power systems, water systems, etc. In general, the use of distributed information and control structures requires to synthesize control laws in a constrained (decentralized) information structure. The article presents another version of the unified frequency domain robust decentralized controller design method [1]. The proposed design procedure is appropriate for uncertain dynamic MIMO systems given as a set of transfer function matrices. Its main framework is provided by the Equivalent Subsystems Method [1, 24] guaranteeing fulfillment of the necessary and sufficient stability condition of the overall closed-loop system if individual closed-loop equivalent subsystems are stable. Generating sets of equivalent subsystems for all transfer function matrices describing the uncertain MIMO plant allows to use the QFT method [19] to independently design local robust SISO controllers that constitute the resulting decentralized controller implemented on true subsystems. The developed design procedure is verified and illustrated on a case study on robust decentralized level controller design for a quadruple tank process [2, 24].
Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins in Senescence and Kidney Fibrosis
Authors: Yang Yi , Mihajlovic Milos , Masereeuw Rosalinde
Published: August 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition of kidney dysfunction due to diverse causes of injury. In healthy kidneys, protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are cleared from the systemic circulation by proximal tubule cells through the concerted action of plasma membrane transporters that facilitate their urinary excretion, but the endogenous metabolites are hardly removed with kidney dysfunction and may contribute to CKD progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that senescence of kidney tubule cells influences kidney fibrosis, the common endpoint for CKD with an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Senescence is a special state of cells characterized by permanent cell cycle arrest and limitation of proliferation, which promotes fibrosis by releasing senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors. The accumulation of PBUTs in CKD causes oxidative stress and increases the production of inflammatory (SASP) factors that could trigger fibrosis. Recent studies provide some clues that PBUTs may also promote senescence in kidney tubular cells. This review provides an overview on how senescence contributes to CKD and the involvement of PBUTs in this process, and how kidney senescence can be studied, Finally, some suggestions for future therapeutic options for CKD while targeting senescence are given.
Automatic Jordanian License Plate Detection and Recognition System Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Aqaileh Tharaa , Alkhateeb Faisal
Published: August 2023

Recently, the number of vehicles on the road, especially in urban centers, has increased dramatically due to the increasing trend of individuals towards urbanization. As a result, manual detection and recognition of vehicles (i.e., license plates and vehicle manufacturer) become an arduous task and beyond human capabilities. In this paper, we have developed a system using transfer learning-based DL techniques for automatic identification of Jordanian vehicles. The YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once) model was re-trained using transfer learning to accomplish the license plate detection, character recognition, and vehicle logo detection. While VGG16 (Visual Geometry Group) model was retrained to accomplish the vehicle logo recognition. To train and test these models, four datasets have been collected. The first dataset consists of 7,035 Jordanian vehicle images, the second dataset consist of 7,176 Jordanian license plates, and the third dataset consists of 8,271 Jordanian vehicle images. These datasets have been used to train and test the YOLOv3 model for Jordanian license plate detection, character recognition, and vehicle logo detection, respectively. While the fourth dataset consists of 158,230 vehicle logo images used to train and test the VGG16 model for the vehicle logo recognition. Text measures were used to evaluate the performance of our developed system. Moreover, mean average precision (mAP) measure was used to evaluate the YOLOv3 model of the detection tasks (i.e., license plate detection and vehicle logo detection). For license plate detection, the precision, recall, F-measure, and mAP were 99.6%, 100%, 99.8%, and 99.9%, respectively. While for character recognition, the precision, recall, and F-measure were 100%, 99.9%, and 99.95%, respectively. The performance of license plate recognition stage was evaluated by evaluating these two sub-stages as a sequence, where the precision, recall, and F-measure were 99.8%, 99.8%, and 99.8%, respectively. Furthermore, for vehicle logo detection, the precision, recall, F-measure, and mAP were 99%, 99.6%, 99.3%, and 99.1%, respectively, while for vehicle logo recognition, the precision, recall, F-measure were 98%, 98%, and 98%, respectively. The performance of vehicle logo recognition stage was evaluated by evaluating these two sub-stages as a sequence, where the precision, recall, and F-measure were 95.3%, 99.5%, and 97.4%, respectively.
Identifying the Farm Fields Irrigated out of Season with GF-1 Satellite Images
Authors: Su Qiaomei , Lv Jin , Fan Jinlong , Zeng Weili , Pan Rong , Liao Yuejiao , Song Ying , Zhao Chunliang , Qin Zhihao , Defourny Pierre
Published: August 2023

Irrigation is one of key agricultural management practices of crop cultivation in the world. Irrigation practice is traceable on satellite image. Most irrigated area mapping methods were developed based on time series of NDVI or back scatter coefficient within the growing season. However, it found the winter irrigation out of growing season is also dominating in north China. This kind of irrigation aims to increase the soil moisture for coping with spring drought, and also reduce the wind erosion with the wet soil in the field surface as the strong wind happens in spring. This study developed a remote sensing-based classification approach to identify irrigated fields with Radom Forest algorithm out of growing season. The results showed that the mean of the highest accuracies of 7 RF models was 94.9% and the mean of the averaged accuracies of 7 RF models was 94.1%; the overall accuracy for all 7 outputs was in the range of 86.8-92.5%, Kappa in the range of 84.0-91.0% and F-1 score in the range of 82.1-90.1%. These results showed that the classification was acceptable and not over performed as the accuracies of all classified images were lower than the models. This study also found that irrigation started to apply in early November and irrigated fields were increased and suspended in December and January due to freeze. The newly irrigated fields were found again in March and April when the temperature goes up above zero degree. The area of irrigated fields in the study area were increasing over time with sizes of 98.6, 166.9, 208.0, 292.8, 538.0, 623.1, 653.8 km2 from December to April, accounting for 6.1%, 10.4%, 12.9%, 18.2%, 33.4%, 38.7%, and 40.6% of the total irrigatable land in the study area, respectively.
IMPACT OF OBESITY ON PERI-OPERATIVE AND LONG-TERM FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES AFTER ROBOTIC ASSISTED SIMPLE PROSTATECTOMY
Authors: Bove Alfredo Maria , Ochoa Arvizo Mario Alberto , Brassetti Aldo , D'Annunzio Simone , Misuraca Leonardo , Tuderti Gabriele , Anceschi Umberto , Mastroianni Riccardo , Ferriero Maria Consiglia , Flammia Rocco Simone , Proietti Flavia , Leonardo Costantino , Simone Giuseppe
Published: August 2023

Obesity represents a worldwide epidemic disorder, increasing the overall morbidity and mortality rate. In this study we investigated the impact of obesity on peri-operative and long-term functional outcomes of Robotic assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP).
Baseline flowmetry parameters and validated questionnaires’ scores were prospectively recorded. Follow-up assessments included Flowmetry and validated questionnaires. Composite outcomes (Trifecta) was defined as combination of: post-operative Q-max>15 ml/sec, IPSS score<8 and absence of complications. Pentafecta included also post-operative ejaculation persistence (MSHQ score>0) and the Erectile function maintenance (∆IEEF<6). Data were stratified by BMI (<30 or ≥30). 81 patients underwent RASP in our Institution. Baseline demographics and clinical features, questionnaires score and baseline flowmetry results were comparable between obese and non-obese cohorts. At follow-up, obese patients reported lower subjective improvement in IPSS (p=0.02) and OABQ scores (p<0.001) and higher incidence of stress incontinence requiring Duloxetin (p<0.001). Flowmetry outcomes, were also worse in this cohort (p=0.02 and p=0.03, respectively). At comprehensive outcomes assessment, obese patients had comparable Trifecta (67% vs 54%, p=0.39) and pentafecta achievement rate (p=0.76).
Our prelimirary results proved that obesity is associated with worse functional outcomes (storage LUTS and incontinence rate) after RASP, but doesn’t affect trifecta and pentafecta achievement rate.
Realism and Contextuality: Maximal Bell Violations with Non-Invasive Measurements
Authors: Mardari Ghenadie
Published: August 2023

Predetermined physical properties cannot manifest at the same time if they are mutually exclusive. As part of a single system, they become observable at different times, in sequence. In this case, pairwise detections in a narrow window of coincidence allow for maximal Bell violations (S=4 for the CHSH protocol), without room for doubt about the local nature of the process. This shows that a deeper description of physical reality is possible, as suggested by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen. Though, a more inclusive definition of Realism is required, in order to account for Bohr’s Contextuality.
Innovation and Drivers of Productivity: A Global Analysis of Selected Critical Minerals
Authors: Ahmad Shabbir
Published: August 2023

Innovation and technology are important tools of minerals sector efficiency and productivity im-provement. The uptake of technologies has proven important levelrs to improve the productivity of mining sector. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of mine-level productivity by using a global data of copper, gold, and platinum from 1991-2020. Various drivers of proioductivity have been analysed to draw policy insights. Empirical findings reveal significant disparities in technical efficiency and productivity across mines and regions. A further decomposition of TFP into its different components suggest that the adoption of innovative practices and investment in technology adoption could improve the overall productivity of these commodities. The findings also suggest that an appropriate input mix and optimal scale of production could boost platinum mining productivity. Regional disparities in productivity in different commodities (e.g., South Africa vs. Zimbabwe) give policymakers with insights into how to support production scale and productivity through appropriate input mixtures.