bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconciling similarity across models of continuous selections
Authors: Kvam Peter D. , Turner Brandon
Published: September 2019

Recently-developed models of decision making have provided accounts of the cognitive processes underlying choice on tasks where responses can fall along a continuum, such as identifying the color or orientation of a stimulus. Even though nearly all of these models seek to extend diffusion decision processes to a continuum of response options, they vary in terms of complexity, tractability, and their ability to predict patterns of data such as multimodal distributions of responses. We suggest that these differences are almost entirely due to differences in how these models account for the similarity among response options. In this theoretical note, we reconcile these differences by characterizing the existing models under a common framework, where the assumptions about psychological representations of similarity, and their implications for behavioral data (e.g., multimodal responses), are made explicit. Furthermore, we implement a simulation-based approach to computing model likelihoods that allows for greater freedom in constructing and implementing continuous response models. The resulting geometric similarity representation (GSR) can supplement approaches like the circular / spherical diffusion models by allowing them to generate multimodal distributions of responses, or simplify models like the spatially continuous diffusion model by condensing their representations of similarity and allowing them to generate simulations more efficiently. To illustrate its utility, we apply this approach to multimodal distributions responses, two-dimensional responses (such as locations on a computer screen), and continuua of response options with nontrivial, nonlinear similarity relations between response options.
Methods for Open and Reproducible Materials Science
Authors: Wilson Sara L , Altman Micah , Jaramillo Rafael
Published: September 2019

Data stewardship in experimental materials science is increasingly complex and important. Progress in data science and inverse-design of materials give reason for optimism that advances can be made if appropriate data resources are made available. Data stewardship also plays a critical role in maintaining broad support for research in the face of well-publicized replication failures (in different fields) and frequently changing attitudes, norms, and sponsor requirements for open science. The present-day data management practices and attitudes in materials science are not well understood. In this article, we collect information on the practices of a selection of materials scientists at two leading universities, using a semi-structured interview instrument. An analysis of these interviews reveals that although data management is universally seen as important, data management practices vary widely. Based on this analysis, we conjecture that broad adoption of basic file-level data sharing at the time of manuscript submission would benefit the field without imposing substantial burdens on researchers. More comprehensive solutions for lifecycle open research in materials science will have to overcome substantial differences in attitudes and practices.
The Diverse Niches of Megajournals: Specialism within Generalism
Authors: Siler Kyle , Sugimoto Cassidy R. , Larivière Vincent
Published: September 2019

Over the past decade, megajournals have expanded in popularity and established a legitimate niche in academic publishing. Leveraging advantages of digital publishing, megajournals are characterized by large publication volume, broad interdisciplinary scope, and peer review filters that select primarily on scientific soundness as opposed to novelty or originality. These publishing innovations are complementary and/or competitive vis-à-vis traditional journals. We analyze how megajournals (PLOS ONE, Scientific Reports) are represented in different fields relative to prominent generalist journals (Nature, PNAS, Science) and ‘quasi-megajournals’ (Nature Communications, PeerJ). Our results show that both megajournals and prominent traditional journals have distinctive niches, despite the similar interdisciplinary scopes of such journals. These niches – defined by publishing volume and disciplinary diversity – are dynamic and varied over the relatively brief histories of the analyzed megajournals. Although the life sciences are the predominant contributor to megajournals, there is variation in the disciplinary composition of different megajournals. The growth trajectories and disciplinary composition of generalist journals – including megajournals – reflect changing knowledge dissemination and reward structures in science.
Surface electromyographic analysis of the serratus anterior during 1 bench press variations
Authors: Rogers Kyle L , Caravan Alex , Scheffey John , Boddy Kyle J
Published: September 2019

Purpose: Bench press variations that elicit greater serratus anterior muscle activation may be preferable for improving scapula stability and avoiding injury in overhead throwing athletes. Here we compare serratus anterior activity during dumbbell and barbell bench press using surface electromyography (EMG). Methods: Forty college and professional baseball pitchers (men, age 22.6 ± 2.5 years) performed four sets of bench press—light (43 kg) and heavy (61 kg) dumbbell and barbell—with five repetitions each. Each pitcher was instructed in proper technique and rested for 90 seconds between sets. Surface electrodes were used to record serratus anterior activity during isometric contraction (for normalization) and during each set. Results: Dumbbell sets showed significantly greater serratus anterior activation than barbell sets at both weights (weight-normalized mean EMG amplitude, 44.7 versus 38.2; p = .005).Conclusion: This suggests that dumbbell press is preferable to barbell press for building serratus anterior muscle strength.
Adherencia del paciente a la diálisis peritoneal
Authors: Carrillo Algarra Ana Julia , Marín Rincón Marcela , Ortiz Ruiz Linda Lenny
Published: September 2019

Objective: to explore the factors that influence the adherence of adult patients to peritoneal dialysis, the measurement of it and the consequences of nonadherence reported in the literature. Methodology: consult descriptors in health sciences (DeCS), adherence, terminal renal failure, peritoneal dialysis and self-care, with the Boolean search engine AND. 50 articles were found, 40 in Spanish, nine in English and one in Portuguese, published between 1995 and 2013; the methodology of the Critical Appraisal Skills Program Spain (CASPe) and the theoretical-practical guide on construction of states of art by Consuelo Hoyos were used. Results and conclusions: the factors that influence are related to individual characteristics, social aspects, therapeutic equipment and support networks. Clinical parameters (interdialitic weight gain and episodes of peritonitis) and biochemical parameters (hyperkalemia, elevation of urea nitrogen and creatinine) have been used as indicators to measure adherence, in addition to the Morisky Green tests, the therapeutic adherence scale for patients with chronic diseases based on explicit behaviors (EAT) and the visual analog scale (VAS). In nursing, adherence is relevant and is included in the diagnostic, intervention and outcome measurement taxonomies. Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; DP, peritoneal dialysis.
Corioamnionitis en biopsia por congelación de placentas en pacientes con riesgo de infección y su relación con morbimortalidad del recién nacido
Authors: Mendoza Oscar , Arias Diana , Rojas José Luis , Gómez Jessica , Hernández Katherine , Castro Daniel , Romero Lina , Contreras Juan Pablo , Montoya Pedro , Cifuentes Jennifer , Molano José Luis , Peña María Paula
Published: September 2019

We seek to determine if the diagnosis of chorioamnionitis in placental freeze biopsy is related to unfavorable outcome in the newborn. Materials and methods: Prospective cohort of pregnant women with high suspicion of chorioamnionitis who underwent cord and membrane freezing biopsy with usual histopathological study, and it was related to the morbidity and mortality of the newborn. Results: freezing and paraffin were studied in 23 placentas with suspicion of chorioamnionitis; four were positive in both and 19 negative. Five developed early sepsis, all with clinical diagnosis of chorioamnionitis in their mothers, of which three were positive in both microscopic studies. Conclusions: early sepsis and mortality in children of mothers with chorioamnionitis diagnosed by freeze and paraffin biopsies were evaluated, showing an adequate relationship. The diagnosis by freezing was precise and early, positioning itself as a possible diagnostic tool that allows an early approach to both maternal and neonate with potential infection, in order to reduce adverse outcomes with impact on neonatal morbidity and mortality. Abbreviations: RN, newborn (s).
Miopericarditis
Authors: Valenzuela F. Juan Pablo , Castro Moreno Carlos Alberto , Chaves Santiago Wlter G.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: in the emergency room, chest pain is the second cause of consultation after trauma. The symptoms in order of frequency are: musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal and others. Case presentation: a 29-year-old man with oppressive precordial pain of seven hours of evolution; the ECG reported a subepicardial lesion of the inferior face. Acute myocardial infarction of the inferior face vs pericarditis was considered. Anti-ischemic therapy was initiated. The echocardiogram showed a discreet increase in the refractivity of the pericardium adjacent to the inferior wall of the left ventricle and preserved biventricular function. The evolution was satisfactory and was discharged at 72 hours. Conclusions: in the case of chest pain in the emergency department, pericarditis and myopericarditis should be considered, whose diagnoses are based on the clinical history, the ECG, the biomarkers and the transthoracic echocardiogram. Early diagnosis and timely management reduce complications. Abbreviations: 1AM, myocardial infarction; ECG, electrocardiogram.
Arteritis de takayasu. Reporte de 2 casos
Authors: Liévano John , Muñoz Acosta Luis Fernando
Published: September 2019

Vasculitis are infrequent diseases and even more those that compromise the arteries of large and medium caliber, such as Takayasu and temporal arteritis. We present the case of a young patient who met the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology for Takayasu arteritis, who underwent angiography to evaluate the extent of the disease and the therapeutic approach. The second case with previous diagnosis of Takayasu's arteritis corresponds to a woman under 40 with different vascular commitments who underwent angiography to evaluate new arterial compromises due to claudication of the upper limbs and to observe the status of the stents implanted previously in the descending thoracic aorta, left common carotid and renal arteries.
Manejo del paciente pretérmino con ductus arterioso persistente
Authors: Romero Héctor , Peña Jana Pamela
Published: September 2019

Persistent ductus arteriosus is considered the most frequent heart disease in neonates weighing less than 1,500 g and with respiratory distress syndrome. Increased morbidity increases the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotising enterocolitis, cholestasis due to increased time of parenteral nutrition, osteopenia and malnutrition. As the management presents a lot of controversy, this literature review of the databases LILACS, EMBASE, PUBMED, MDCONSULT, COCHRANE, SCOPUS, clinicaltrials.gov and internet search engines is carried out. The definition, identification, diagnosis and management are analyzed, updating the subject in order to answer questions of daily practice and propose strategies for the initiation of studies that may be useful in the neonatal intensive care unit. Abbreviations: DAP, persistent ductus arteriosus; RN, newborn (s); NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; NP, parenteral nutrition.
Aislamientos bacterianos en apendicitis aguda
Authors: Pacheco Maikel Adolfo , Jiménez Adriana María , Franco Luis Alfonso
Published: September 2019

Acute appendicitis is a pathology of worldwide interest with an incidence of 100 per 100,000 people / year, reported at European and North American levels. Pathophysiology in experimental form has been related to an obstructive process, which evolves to ischemic state favoring bacterial translocation, for which the different microorganisms have been related as a factor of importance in the development of their complications. A review was made of the studies published in PubMed over the last twenty years with terms MeSH appendicitis, bacteria and etiology where E. coli is the most common bacterial germ and B. fragilis is a frequent anaerobe. No studies were found that report profiles of sensitivity to antibiotic resistance.
Frecuencia de DNA-HPV-HR por método automatizado PCR (COBAS®) en nuestras cervicouterinas de una población en Proboquilla-Cartagena, Colombia
Authors: Puerto de Amaya Miryam , Olaya Mercedes , Pérez Carlos Humberto , Falla Sofía , Castillo Nicole Daniela
Published: September 2019

Objective: to determine DNA-HPV-HR by automated PCR method (cobas®) in cervical samples from a population in Proboquilla, Cartagena, Colombia. Methods: series of cases of women who attended the campaign where conventional cytology was taken and a second sample in a vial to determine HPV-HR DNA through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: 31 samples of cervico-uterine cytology were collected, the PCR test was positive in six; 4 cases with simple infection and 2 with multiple infection. One of the latter was positive for the three groups (HR-HPV, HPV-16, HPV-18) and the other for two (HR-HPV and HPV-18). Conclusion: a group of women infected with HPVs classified as high risk, with simple and multiple infection, who were referred to gynecology. HPV-HR infection was confirmed in 5: 7 cytology results classified as ASC-US.
Anemia de células falciformes
Authors: Chaves Walter , Amador Dolly , Sánchez Jorge
Published: September 2019

We present two women who consulted the emergency department for acute abdominal pain, which began a few hours after their arrival in Bogotá DC, associated with anemic syndrome and paraclinical findings suggestive of sickle cell anemia, which was confirmed with protein electrophoresis in the outpatient clinic. Sickle cell disease, known as sickle cell anemia, is a structural hemoglobinopathy of genetic origin that causes vasocclusive symptoms with secondary tissue ischemia that generates pain crises, which is exacerbated, among other reasons, by changes in temperature and atmospheric oxygen pressure. It is an important cause of acute pain in black patients who attend the emergency room, often coming from warm places.
Infección materna, preeclampsia temprana y sepsis neonatal: ¿Secuencia o casualidad?
Authors: Carmona Vicente , Cristo Javier , Colmenares Alejandro , Saavedra Nathalia
Published: September 2019

Review article through literature search in English and Spanish in the main databases of health sciences: Pubmed, Ovid, Ebsco host and Elsevier. The most relevant and preferably references with a publication time of less than five years were selected, the oldest were pioneering articles on the subject often cited in the other references. Revision and original articles were chosen. The objective is to review the relationship of amniotic infection with the origin of preeclampsia and neonatal sepsis. Abbreviations: PRE-E, preeclampsia.
Lo psicológico en el plan integral de lucha contra la trata de personas. Colombia 2007-2012
Authors: Enríquez Sonia
Published: September 2019

Human trafficking is a growing phenomenon despite national and international provisions for its control. The Comprehensive National Strategy to Combat Trafficking in Persons of Colombia (2007-2012), although it does include an approach that contemplates compliance with the State's commitments in the international system, it is not observed that it considers the characteristics of the phenomenon or that it includes a perspective of the subjects involved from a psychological perspective. The proposal of the Colombian state is analyzed in light of the presence of the psychological and two alternative approaches are proposed, focused on the diagnosis and identification of the psychological vulnerabilities of the population most likely to be a victim of human trafficking, as a related aspect with the prevention to participate in the fight against this scourge.
Hormonas y migraña, una aproximación clínica
Authors: Hernández Leonardo , Marín Karen
Published: September 2019

Migraine is the most frequent primary headache in women and if the various hormonal fluctuations are added over the course of life, the prevalence is up to three times higher than in men. Varies according to sexual age being menarche often the beginning of the same, as well as the exclusive presentation or facilitated by the menstrual period, postmenopause or the real challenge, pregnancy. When women of different ages and types of headache consult, it is the expertise and the appropriate initial clinical orientation that can achieve a timely and accurate diagnosis. Migraine is a headache in the emergency services, not only because of the complexity of its management in pregnant patients, but because of the few therapeutic options available that are more safe for the fetus than for the mother. The doctor is forced to make sound therapeutic decisions, generating improvement of the clinical picture and confidence in his patient. We tackled the migraine headache in women during the different ages in which the fluctuation of sex hormones generates this disorder, from the physiopathological points of view, diagnostic approach and main therapeutic options studied until now. Abbreviations: MG, migraine (s); ACV, stroke.
Ruptura espontánea del tendón de aquiles en paciente joven sin antecedentes patológicos
Authors: García Francisco Javier , Brunicardi Rafael A. , Graziano Francis K. , Marulanda David , Polo José Fernando
Published: September 2019

The rupture of the Achilles tendon represents 20% of all injuries of long tendons of the human body. Spontaneous injury is rare and is related to the chronic use of corticosteroids and fluoroquinolones, chronic renal failure and collagen diseases. The forced dorsiflexion with the foot in plantiflexion is the most frequent mechanism, being the result of a force of eccentric contraction of the gastrosóleos combined with the forces of reaction to the floor. We consider it important to report this case because it is a 22-year-old patient with spontaneous rupture and histopathological studies, which contrasts with what is reported in the literature. Abbreviations: TA, Achilles tendon.
Procesos médico-administrativos en Hospitalarios y prolongación de la estancia. Hospital de San José, Bogotá D.C. Colombia
Authors: Mora Silvia Lorena , Barreto Carlos Alberto , García Lyda Rosalba
Published: September 2019

Objective: to describe the medical-administrative factors and family, social and clinical conditions in the internal medicine and general surgery services that influence the prolongation of the stay in the Hospital of San José de Bogotá DC, from January 1 to February 1 2015. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional study, the APGAR, Pfeifer tests and a survey on sociodemographic and clinical variables were applied, the information was obtained from the clinical histories with descriptive statistical analysis and differences by means of Student t, ANOVA and Logistic regression. Results: 470 patients were included, mean age 52 years (SD = 19.0), 52.6% were women; 26.7% presented a prolonged stay of 1.3 days. Cognitive deterioration, infections, cardiovascular pathologies and delays due to lack of medical device were associated with prolonged stay (logistic regression p <0.05). Conclusions: consider prolonged hospital stay as an indicator of quality and tracer of the processes in addition to monitoring it systematically. The direct and indirect costs for the control of resources should be evaluated. Abbreviations: EHP, prolonged hospital stay.
ESTUDOS FLORÍSTICOS E FITOSSOCIOLÓGICOS EM AMBIENTES RIPÁRIOS DAS REGIÕES SUDESTE E CENTRO-OESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Gonzaga Anne Priscila Dias , Machado Evandro Luiz Mendonça , Pinto José Roberto Rodrigues , Gripp Aglaia Maciel
Published: September 2019

Os estudos sobre a composição florística devem ser considerados de extrema relevância uma vez que oferecem informações imprescindíveis para a compreensão da estrutura e da dinâmica vegetacional, sendo, portanto, consideradas essenciais para o conhecimento da regeneração natural e formas de manejo. Especialmente quando estes são realizados em ambientes ripários visto que os mesmos abrigam elevada riqueza natural, a qual por si só, já justificaria os estudos para conservação e manejo da sua biodiversidade, assim sendo, estas destacam-se por sua elevada riqueza de espécies, diversidade genética e proteção dos recursos hídricos, solos, fauna silvestre e aquática. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento bibliográfico dos estudos realizados em ambientes ripários nas regiões Sudeste e Centro-Oeste do Brasil e descrever quais as principais indagações destes estudos. Neste trabalho foi possível verificar que os conhecimentos acerca dessas florestas evoluíram de simples trabalhos de florística para estudos bastante elaborados onde são avaliados o papel de variáveis ambientais na dinâmica da composição florística e estrutural destes ambientes, o que demonstra o crescente interesse por parte dos pesquisadores em realizar estudos mais elaborados para as análises florísticas e estruturais em uma escala tanto espacial como temporal.Palavras-chave: ambientes úmidos; comunidade arbórea; conhecimento científico. FLORISTIC AND PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDIES RIPARIAN FORESTS IN THE SOUTHEAST AND MIDWEST OF BRAZIL ABSTRACT: Studies on floristic composition should be considered extremely relevant since they provide essential information for the understanding of vegetation structure and dynamics and are therefore considered essential for the knowledge of natural regeneration and management forms. Especially when they are carried out in a riparian environment since they shelter high natural wealth, which in itself would justify studies for the conservation and management of its biodiversity, thus, these stand out for their high species richness, diversity genetics and protection of water resources, soils, wild and aquatic fauna. This study aimed to carry out a bibliographic survey of the studies carried out in riparian environments in the Southeast and Center-West regions of Brazil and to describe the main inquiries of these studies. In this work it was possible to verify that the knowledge about these forests evolved from simple floristic works to very elaborate studies where the role of environmental variables in the dynamics of the floristic and structural composition of these environments is evaluated, which demonstrates the growing interest on the part of the researchers in more elaborate studies for floristic and structural analyzes on a spatial and temporal scale.Keywords: wetlands; community of trees; scientific knowledge.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DE ESPÉCIES VEGETAIS NO TOPSOIL: IMPLICAÇÕES NA RECUPERAÇÃO DE ÁREAS MINERADAS
Authors: Nascimento Gleisson , Pereira José Aldo Alves , Barros Dalmo Arantes , Silva Rossi Allan , Ferreira Josimar Batista , Moraes Railma Pereira , Borges Luís Antônio Coimbra
Published: September 2019

A distribuição espacial das espécies vegetais no topsoil antes da mineração é ferramenta importante e pode fundamentar atividades de recuperação de áreas mineradas. Neste trabalho foi realizada uma análise da distribuição espacial de quatro espécies com abordagem sobre a dinâmica da regeneração em ambientes campestres. Amostras da camada superficial do solo (cinco cm) foram coletadas em agosto de 2011 e março de 2012 em áreas de campos de altitude na região do Planalto de Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais. As amostras foram dispostas em bandejas e a germinação avaliada em casa de vegetação. Quatro espécies com maior representatividade de germinação foram selecionadas para verificar os padrões de distribuição nos períodos seco e chuvoso por meio da análise de krigagem, e destacou-se a distribuição de A. fastigiatum sugerindo sua potencial indicação para recuperação de áreas após mineração.Palavras-chave: krigagem; áreas degradadas; mapeamento vegetal. SPACE DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES IN TOPSOIL: IMPLICATIONS TO RECOVERY OF MINING AREAS ABSTRACT: The spatial distribution of plant species in topsoil prior to mining is an important tool and may support recovery activities for mined areas. In this work an analysis of the spatial distribution of four species was carried out to verify its distribution with approach on the dynamics of regeneration in rural environments. Samples of the topsoil (5 cm) were collected in August 2011 and March 2012 in areas of altitude fields in the Planalto region of Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais. They were arranged in trays and evaluated in a greenhouse. Four species with greater germination representativeness were selected to verify distribution patterns in dry and rainy periods through kriging analysis. Therefore, differences in the spatial distribution of the species were identified, highlighting the distribution of A. fastigiatum suggesting its potential indication for recovery of areas after mining.Keywords: kriging; degraded areas; vegetation mapping.
ATIVIDADE ACARICIDA DE ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS SOBRE Tetranychus ludeni (Zacher) (Acari: Tetranychidae) EM DUAS CULTIVARES DE ALGODOEIRO
Authors: Bezerra Yasmin Bruna de Siqueira , Oliveira José Vargas de , Ramalho Taciana Keila dos Anjos , Barbosa Douglas Rafael e Silva , Oliveira Carlos Romero Ferreira de , Oliveira Cláudia Helena Cysneiros Matos de , Lima Neto Ibsen Francisco Assis
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos repelentes e as taxas de crescimento populacional de óleos essenciais de Corymbia citriodora, Ocimum basilicum e Myracroduon urundeuva sobre o ácaro vermelho Tetranychus ludeni (Zacher) em algodoeiro de fibra colorida. Para o teste de repelência, óleos de Corymbia citriodora, Ocimum basilicum e Myracroduon urundeuva foram testados em diferentes concentrações sobre fêmeas adultas de T. ludeni, assim como para o teste de crescimento populacional, onde as cultivares foram tratadas com óleos essenciais.  O efeito repelente foi verificado para todos os óleos testados nas duas cultivares de algodão colorida. As taxas instantâneas de crescimento populacional para T. ludeni nas cultivares de algodoeiro BRS Verde e BRS Rubi foram todas positivas (ri> 0), indicando que a população está em estado ascendente, no entanto, a população cresceu a uma taxa menor quando comparada ao controle. Os óleos essenciais de C. citriodora, O. basilicum e M. urundeuva apresentam efeito acaricida e potencial controle alternativo de T. ludeni em algodoeiro de fibras coloridas sem causar danos ao algodoeiro.Palavras-chave: ácaro vermelho; algodão colorido; controle alternativo; taxa instantânea de crescimento; repelência. ACARICIDAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS ON RED MITETetranychus ludeni (Zacher) (Acari: Tetranychidae) IN TWO COTTON CULTIVARS ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to evaluate the repellent and population growth rates of essential oils of Corymbia citriodora, Ocimum basilicum and Myracroduon urundeuva on the red mite Tetranychus ludeni (Zacher) in cotton fiber. For the repellency test, oils of Corymbia citriodora, Ocimum basilicum and Myracroduon urundeuva were tested in different concentrations on adult females of T. ludeni, as well as for the population growth test, where the cultivars were treated with essential oils. The repellent effect was verified for all tested oils the two cultivars of colored cotton. The instant population growth rates for T. ludeni in the cultivars BRS Verde and BRS Rubi were all positive (ri> 0), indicating that the population is in an upward, however, the population grew at a lower rate when compared to the control. The essential oils of C. citriodora, O. basilicum and M. urundeuva have an acaricidal effect and potential alternative control of T. ludeni in cotton from colored fibers without causing damage to the cotton.Keywords: Red mite; colored cotton; essential oils; instant growth rate; repellency.
ALTERAÇÃO NA COBERTURA FLORESTAL DA REGIÃO NOROESTE DA AMAZÔNIA MATOGROSSENSE
Authors: Piva Luani Rosa de Oliveira , Martins Neto Rorai Pereira
Published: September 2019

Nos últimos anos, a intensificação das atividades antrópicas modificadoras da cobertura vegetal do solo em território brasileiro vem ocorrendo em larga escala. Para fins de monitoramento das alterações da cobertura florestal, as técnicas de Sensoriamento Remoto da vegetação são ferramentas imprescindíveis, principalmente em áreas extensas e de difícil acesso, como é o caso da Amazônia brasileira. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com este trabalho identificar as mudanças no uso e cobertura do solo no período de 20 anos nos municípios de Aripuanã e Rondolândia, Noroeste do Mato Grosso, visando quantificar as áreas efetivas que sofreram alterações. Para tal, foram utilizadas técnicas de classificação digital de imagens Landsat 5 TM e Landsat 8 OLI em três diferentes datas (1995, 2005 e 2015) e, posteriormente, realizada a detecção de mudanças para o uso e cobertura do solo. A classificação digital apresentou resultados excelentes, com índice Kappa acima de 0,80 para os mapas gerados, indicando ser uma ferramenta potencial para o uso e cobertura do solo. Os resultados denotaram uma conversão de áreas florestais principalmente para atividades antrópicas agrícolas, na ordem de 472 km², o que representa uma perda de 1,3% de superfície de floresta amazônica na região de estudo.Palavras-chave: conversão de áreas florestais; uso e cobertura do solo; classificação digital; análise multitemporal. CHANGE IN FOREST COVER OF THE NORTHWEST REGION OF AMAZON IN MATO GROSSO STATE ABSTRACT: In the past few years, the intensification of anthropic activities that modify the soil-vegetation cover in Brazil’s land has been occurring on a large scale. To monitor the forest cover changes, the techniques of Remote Sensing of vegetation are essential tools, especially in large areas and with difficult access, as is the case of the Brazilian Amazon. The aim of this work was to identify the changes in land use and land cover, over the past 20 years, in the municipalities of Aripuanã and Rondolândia, Northwest of Mato Grosso State, in order to quantify the effective altered areas. Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI digital classification images techniques were used in three different dates (1995, 2005 and 2015) and, later, the detection to the land use and land cover changes. The digital classification showed excellent results, with kappa index above 0.80 for the generated maps, indicating the digital classification as a potential tool for land use and land cover. Results reflect the conversion of forest areas mainly for agricultural activities, in the order of 472 km², representing a loss of 1.3% of Amazon forest surface in the study region.Keywords: forest conversion; land use and land cover; digital classification; multitemporal analysis.
MOSCAS-DAS-FRUTAS (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE), SUAS PLANTAS HOSPEDEIRAS E PARASITOIDES (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) NO NORTE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO, BRASIL
Authors: Silva Michele Emily Souza da , Wochner Michel Ariquenes , Sousa Maria do Socorro Miranda de , Barreto Marliton Rocha , Silva Ricardo Adaime da
Published: September 2019

As moscas-das-frutas estão presentes em todas as regiões do Brasil e são responsáveis por grandes perdas econômicas em pomares comerciais. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de determinar a riqueza de espécies de moscas-das-frutas, suas respectivas plantas hospedeiras e seus parasitoides em municípios da região norte de Mato Grosso. Foram realizadas coletas de frutos de 34 espécies vegetais, de julho de 2016 a novembro de 2017. Os frutos coletados foram acondicionados em recipientes plásticos para observar a emergência das moscas-das-frutas e parasitoides. Foram obtidos 2.709 espécimes de moscas-das-frutas (cinco espécies) e 179 espécimes de parasitoides (três espécies). Este trabalho apresenta os primeiros registros de hospedeiros de moscas-das-frutas para o Mato Grosso. Adicionalmente, os parasitoides Utetes anastrephae Viereck e Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck) são relatados pela primeira vez no Estado.Palavras-chave: Anastrepha; Ceratitis capitata; Relação tritrófica; Amazônia Meridional. FRUIT FLIES, THEIR HOST PLANTS AND PARASITOIDS IN THE NORTHERN STATE OF MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL ABSTRACT: Fruit flies are present in all regions of Brazil and are responsible for large economic losses in commercial orchards. This work aimed to determine the richness of fruit fly species, their host plants and their parasitoids in municipalities in the northern region of Mato Grosso. We collected fruits from 34 plant species, from July 2016 to November 2017. The collected fruits were packed in plastic containers to observe the emergence of fruit flies and parasitoids. We obtained 2,709 specimens of fruit flies (five species) and 179 specimens of parasitoids (three species). This work presents the first records of hosts of fruit flies for Mato Grosso. In addition, the parasitoids Utetes anastrephae Viereck and Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck) are reported for the first time in the State.Keywords: Anastrepha; Ceratitis capitata; Tritrophic relationship; Southern Amazon.
Alexander First Nations Parents’ Perceptions of a School Nutrition Policy
Authors: Gillies Christina ,   Alexander Research Committee, Farmer Anna , Maximova Katerina , Willows Noreen D.
Published: September 2019

Purpose: A school nutrition policy (SNP) is one promising school-based health promotion strategy to improve the food environments of First Nations children. The aim of this study was to explore First Nations parents’ perceptions of a SNP.

Methods: A process evaluation of policy implementation was conducted using a mixed-methods design. Parents (n = 83) completed a 19-question survey to capture their perceptions of the policy. Survey responses informed questions in an 11-question semi-structured interview guide. Transcripts from interviews with parents (n = 10) were analyzed using content analysis to identify barriers and facilitators to policy implementation.

Results: Parents were supportive of the SNP and the school’s food programs, which they perceived as helping to address community concerns related to nutrition. However, some parents opposed the restriction of unhealthy foods at school celebrations and fundraisers. In addition, despite being aware of the SNP, parents were unable to demonstrate an understanding of the SNP content. Finally, parents struggled to provide their children with healthy foods to bring to school due to lack of affordable and accessible food in the community.

Conclusions: Although SNPs may be well-received in First Nations communities, their implementation must be supported by parent involvement and consideration of wider socioeconomic conditions.
Komparasi Faktor Sosiodemografi Peserta Bali Biology Olimpiad Terhadap Nilai Bali Biology Olimpiad
Authors: Bura Yustinus Victor Rianus
Published: September 2019

Bali Biology Olimpiad (BBO) merupakan olimpiade biologi yang diselenggarakan oleh Himpunan Program Studi (HMPS) Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, yang mengikut sertakan seluruh pelajar SMA se-Bali. BBO telah diselenggarakan sebanyak dua kali (2016 dan 2017)., peserta BBO berasal dari sekolah yang berbeda, ada yang berasal dari sekolah swasta dan ada yang berasal dari sekolah negeri (faktor sosial), selain berasal dari sekolah yang berbeda peserta olimpiade juga memiliki gender yang berbeda, ada laki-laki dan perempuan (faktor demografi). Berdasarkan observasi selama pelaksanaan BBO bahwa finalis BBO didominasi oleh perempuan selain itu penelitian atau evaluasi terhadap perbandingan faktor sosiodemografi peserta BBO terhadap nilai BBO belum pernah dilakukan, hal ini dijadikan dasar untuk melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai komparasi faktor sosiodemografi peserta BBO terhadap nilai BBO. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Ex-post Facto. Rancangan Penelitian Causal Comparative Research, waktu Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Juni 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada komparasi faktor sosiodemografi peserta BBO terhadap nilai BBO, hal ini diperkuat dari hasil analisis Two Way Anova yang menunjukkan F hitung sebesar 0,226 dan nilai probabilitas nilai BBO 0,639 > 0,05 sehingga hipotesis penelitian diterima dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor sosiodemografi peserta BBO tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai BBO
From Forced Conversion to Marranism
Authors: Fenton Paul B.
Published: September 2019

This article traces the history of the forced conversion of Jews to Islam in al-Andalus and Morocco from the Middle Ages to modern times. An account is given of the various discriminative measures and even persecution to which Jewish converts were exposed. Indeed, even though they became with time sincere and learned Muslims, just as the Marranos in Christian Spain, the sincerity of their conversion was doubted and they were constantly accused of the negative traits attributed to the Jews. The article also discusses a recently discovered defence of the New Muslims authored by an Islamic scholar of Jewish origin which throws new light on the fate of these converts.
Jewish Tourism in Morocco
Authors: Sekkat Hanane
Published: September 2019

Is it possible to bring together Jews of Moroccan origin wherever they may live and convince them to keep in touch with Morocco? This is not merely a question of visiting the
country for tourism but, above all, of convincing Moroccan Jews to serve as promoters of Moroccan diplomacy. To achieve this aim, it was imperative to make brave decisions, which is indeed what King Hassan II has done. To give more consistency and significance to the ties of loyalty, the Moroccan state is taking remarkable measures, organising hilloulot (Hb. ‘pilgrimages’), moments of intense spiritual experience evoking a long Jewish presence in Morocco spanning two thousand years.
Andrey Aleksandrovich Grigoryev (1883–1968) — prominent geomorphologist and organizer of geomorphology in the USSR in 1920–1930s
Authors: Chichagov V. P.
Published: September 2019

Academician A. A. Grigoriev was the acknowledged creator of the theory of physical-geographical process, of the role of the ratio of heat and moisture in the formation of vegetation zones of the Earth, many theoretical issues of physical geography, etc. At the beginning of his scientific activity, A. A. Grigoriev was a talented geomorphologist. His scientific interests were unusually broad, he developed the theory and practice of physical geography, regional geography, paleogeography, economic geography, climatology and geomorphology, history of science. He was a talented geomorphologist and prominent organizer of geomorphological science in our country in the first half of the 20th century.
Factors and criteria of the morphostructural zoning and the main types of morphostructures of the North-West of the Black Sea
Authors: Pasynkov А. А. , Vakhrushev B. A.
Published: September 2019

The principles of morphostructural zoning are presented on the example of the North-West of the Black Sea. Research techniques and criteria for distinguishing the morphostructural regions are discussed. In the morphostructural province of the Black Sea the following subprovinces were identified: shelf under conditions of active and passive wave action, continental slope with non-wave accumulation, deep-sea depression. Fragment of the map of morphostructural zoning of the North-West of the Black Sea at 1:500 000 scale is presented. Main morphogenetic types of morphostructures of the shelf, continental slope and deep sea basin of the Black sea are given. The characteristics of the selected morphostructural taxa are described.
Características socioeconómicas y culturales de las familias campesinas del valle del Mantaro, entre 1975 y 2015
Authors: Tello Yance Filoter , Rafaele de la Cruz Mauro
Published: September 2019

La presente investigación surgió para responder al problema: ¿cuáles son las características socioeconómicas y culturales de las familias campesinas del valle del Mantaro en 1975, y luego de la transferencia e innovación tecnológica agropecuaria, en 2015? El objetivo fue comparar las características socioeconómicas y culturales de las familias campesinas del valle del Mantaro en 1975, y luego de la transferencia e innovación tecnológica agropecuaria, en 2015. Se planteó la siguiente hipótesis: las características socioeconómicas y culturales de las familias campesinas del valle del Mantaro en 1975, y luego de la transferencia e innovación tecnológica agropecuaria, en 2015, muestra cambios significativos en las condiciones socioeconómicas, crianza de animales, cultivos y patrones culturales. En el desarrollo del trabajo de investigación se utilizó el método científico, nivel de investigación descriptiva, con un diseño descriptivo comparativo. La población estuvo constituidapor 73357 productores jefes de familia del valle del Mantaro (cuatro provincias y 76 distritos), beneficiarios de la transferencia e innovación tecnológica agropecuaria del sector estatal y privado y/o mediante sus propios recursos. La técnica fue la encuesta, y el instrumento, el cuestionario. En el análisis estadístico de los datos obtenidos, se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrado para la homogeneidad de las muestras comparando los porcentajes de 1975 y 2015, al 95% de confianza estadística.
Liderazgo transformacional y desempeño docente en el Cepre de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú
Authors: De la Cruz Sullca Raúl
Published: September 2019

Esta investigación tuvo como propósito describir la influencia que tiene el liderazgo transformacional en el desempeño docente en el Centro Preuniversitario de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú (Cepre-UNCP). Se utilizó la metodología de la investigación científica, cuyas especificaciones son: tipo básica, nivel descriptivo-correlacional y diseño no experimental transversal. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 50 docentes del Cepre-UNCP, a quienes se les administró un cuestionario de encuesta. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la influencia que tiene el liderazgo transformacional en el desempeño docente en el Cepre-UNCP es significativa. Esto, porque el valor de la corrección por continuidad es 45 y su p-valor es de 0.00, valor inferior a 0.05, por lo que rechazamos la hipótesis nula y aceptamos la hipótesis de investigación, en el sentido de que el liderazgo transformacional influye significativamente en el desempeño docente.
Registration of Four Germplasm Lines of Upland Cotton with High Lint Yield
Authors: Fang Hui , Zhang Kuang , Bowman Daryl T. , Jones Don C. , Kuraparthy Vasu
Published: September 2019

Four upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) lines, NC18‐07 (Reg. no. GP‐1052, PI 690767), NC18‐08 (Reg. no. GP‐1053, PI 690768), NC18‐09 (Reg. no. GP‐1054, PI 690769), and NC18‐10 (Reg. no. GP‐1055, PI 690770), were developed by the Department of Crop and Soil Sciences at North Carolina State University. The four upland cotton lines have improved yield production and some good fiber quality traits. All four lines were derived from a random mated population using multiple parental lines. These four lines were compared with commercial check cultivars ‘DP393’, ‘Sure‐Grow 747’, and ‘UA48’ over 2 yr in Clayton, NC. NC18‐07 produced 7.6 to 34.2% greater lint yields than that of the checks and had 15.2% greater elongation value than that of UA48. NC18‐08 produced 5.9 to 32.1% greater lint yield than the checks. NC18‐09 yielded 2.2 to 27.5% greater lint than checks and showed 44.7 and 22.3% greater elongation values than that of UA48 and parental lines, respectively. Germplasm line NC18‐10 produced 1.0 to 26.0% greater lint yield than the commercial checks and also displayed 26.5 and 7.0% greater elongation values than that of UA48 and parental lines, respectively. These lines could be valuable sources for cotton breeding and programs focusing on improving yield as well as fiber elongation.
Registration of Four Germplasm Lines of Upland Cotton with High Fiber Quality
Authors: Fang Hui , Bowman Daryl T. , Zhang Kuang , Zhu Linglong , Jones Don C. , Kuraparthy Vasu
Published: September 2019

Four upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm lines, NC18‐11 (Reg. no. GP‐1056, PI 690771), NC18‐12 (Reg. no. GP‐1057, PI 690772), NC18‐13 (Reg. no. GP‐1058, PI 690773), and NC18‐14 (Reg. no. GP‐1059, PI 690774), were developed by the Department of Crop and Soil Sciences at North Carolina State University. These four cotton lines had improved fiber quality traits and exhibited 915.5 to 1180.9 kg ha−1 lint yield. All four lines were derived from a random mated population using multiple parental lines. The four lines were compared with commercial cultivars ‘DP393’, ‘Sure‐Grow 747’, and ‘UA48’ over 2 yr using a replicated randomized complete block design in Clayton, NC. Lines NC18‐11, NC18‐12, and NC18‐13 had significantly (p = 0.05) better micronaire values than the checks and significantly higher strength values (8.3–25.3%) than DP393, Sure‐Grow 747, and the parental lines. These three lines also had significantly (p = 0.05) greater upper half mean length values (4.9–11.6%) than DP393 and Sure‐Grow 747. Germplasm line NC18‐14 had a 15.4 to 62.5% significantly (p = 0.05) higher fiber elongation value than all checks and parental lines and showed 5.0 to 12.8% more lint fraction than the checks. These lines could be additional sources of genetic variability for cotton breeding programs focusing on improving fiber quality traits while still producing more than 900 kg ha−1 of lint.
The Role of Local Wisdom as Social Capital of Remote Indigenous Communities (RIC)
Authors: R. Hatu Dewinta Rizky , Wisadhirana Darsono , Susilo Edi
Published: September 2019

This research sees that every community has local wisdom which is a source of social capital that can be accessed and utilized by its members. In this case, the community by itself builds their own social capital, with relationships built between communities through the local wisdom. The traditional remote community, certainly not separated from potential conflicts, but they can always overcome the potential conflicts that exist between them, because the role of local wisdom as a strong social capital among them. The theory used on this research is social capital Putnam and conducted in Buhu Village, Tibawa District, Gorontalo County, Indonesia. This research utilized case study as qualitative approach. Data collecting used in-depth interview, observation and documentation. Data were collected from six informants by using snowball sampling technique. This research found that the element of solidarity is important in building a strong social capital in the traditional remove community. This is different from Putnam which only emphasizes three elements, beliefs, networks and norms. In addition, the researchers found that in the process of networking, the traditional remote community is not only dealing with people they know, they are also different with Putnam as to realize various things, often people ask for help from their friends, family or trusted acquaintance (Field, 2010, hal. 3). The ‘huyula’ local wisdom that builds the social capital in the traditional remote community is able to bridge the differences that exist in a community, and can overcome the potential conflicts in the traditional remote community.
园林绿化工程施工质量控制解析
Authors: 刘 佳喆 , 朱 啊南
Published: September 2019

随着社会经济的快速发展,国民生活水平与质量有了显著提升,生态、绿色环境建设成为了社会各界关注的焦点,这也使得园林绿化提上日程。为了能够提高园林绿化效果,充分发挥园林绿化的作用与价值,就必须有效保证园林绿化施工质量。基于此,本文在阐述园林绿化概念以及重要性的同时,通过分析园林绿化工程施工影响要素,重点研究了园林绿化施工质量控制措施。
探析高职院校现代学徒制教学改革路径
Authors: 胡 志玲
Published: September 2019

我国现代学徒制是在高职院校转型和社会发展过程中产生的,由政府部门倡导逐渐推行起来的一种新型教学模式,改革取得了一定成效,但仍存在诸多问题。本文就高职院校现代学徒制教学改革路径问题进行探析,分析了深化校企联合招生、传统理论教学与现代学徒制相结合、营造现代学徒制教学改革环境等几个有效改革路径,为高职院校现代学徒制教学改革提供参考。