bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN EFIKASI DIRI UNTUK MENURUNKAN KECEMASAN PADA SISWA-SISWI YANG AKAN MENGHADAPI UJIAN AKHIR NASIONAL
Authors: Nurlaila Siti
Published: February 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui apakah pelatihan efikasi diri dapat menurunkan kecemasan pada siswa yang akan menghadapi Ujian Akhir Nasional. Partisipan dalam penelitian berjumlah 20 orang, yang dibagi dalam kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Karakteristik partisipan yangdigunakan dalam penelitian adalah siswa-siswi kelas 3 SMA baik laki-laki maupun perempuan yang cemas dalam menghadapi UAN dengan rentang usia 16-18 tahun. Hipotesa penelitian yaitu ada perbedaan kecemasan menghadapi ujian akhir nasional antara siswa-siswi yang mendapatkan pelatihan efikasi diri dibandingkan dengan siswa-siswi yang tidak mendapatkan pelatihan efikasi diri.Pengukuran kecemasan dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala kecemasan menghadapi UAN. Hasil penelitian dengan analisa uji t menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan gain score 17,5 dengan signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,05) yang menujukkan bahwa siswa yang mendapat pelatihan efikasi diri secara signifikan menujukkan ada penurunan kecemasan dalam menghadapi Ujian Akhir Nasional.Kata kunci: efikasi diri, kecemasan menghadapi ujian
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA DALAM PROSES BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KREATIVITAS (Pada Siswa SMA Negeri 10 Bandar Lampung Tahun Ajaran 2007-2008)
Authors: Susanto Eko
Published: February 2017

Masalah pada penelitian ini adalah rendahnya kemampuan kreativitas siswa. Adapun permasalahannya, apakah penggunaan media dalam proses bimbingan kelompok dapatmeningkatkan kreativitas siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan kemampuan kreativitas siswa dengan menggunakan media dalam proses bimbingan kelompok. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitan ini adalah metode eksperimental semu (Quasi Experimental) dengan design One Group Pretest-Posttest. Dengan subjek penelitian 12 orang siswa di SMA Negeri 10 Bandar Lampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan skor rata-rata pretest 116,25 dan skor rata-rata posttest 127,50. Setelah dilakukan Uji t menunjukkan adanya perbedaan skor kreativitas yang cukup signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah mengikuti bimbingan kelompok, perbedaan skor kreativitas sampai pada taraf signifikansi 0,01, maka dapat dikatakan adanya peningkatan kreativitas antara sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan bimbingan kelompok. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media dalam proses bimbingan kelompok dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kreativitas siswa. Saran dari hasil penelitian ini menyarankan kepada guru pembimbing untuk dapat memanfaatkan media sebagai alat bantu dalam pelaksanaan layanan bimbingan dan konseling disekolah. Bagi peneliti dan mahasiswa bimbingan konseling diharapkan dapat berinovasi untuk mengembangkan media-media bimbingan yang lain dalam rangka pengembangan diri siswa.
PROFESSIONALISM AND PERFORMANCE OF COUNSELOR AT SMP NEGERI KOTA METRO
Authors: Noor Marzuki
Published: February 2017

Abstract: Teachers are professional educators with the primary task of educating, teaching, guiding, familiarize, train, assess, and evaluate students in Early Childhood Education, formal education, primary education and secondary education. Teachers addition must have adequate educational qualifications, basic capabilities, competence, must also have a sense of responsibility. Guidance counseling is one of the functions of guidance services in schools in addition to the function of administrative services and service learning or teaching. Professionalism has an idea of a person who pursue jobs based on skills, abilities, techniques, and procedures based on intellectual. Conceptually performance of teachers includes three aspects, namely, (1) professional ability, (2) social skills, (3) the ability of personal (private). Academic Qualifications: Academic qualification is the minimum educational level must be evidenced by a diploma or certificate of membership to the relevant statutory provisions in force. Factors affecting performance among the counselors is a factor Qualifications Education, teacher competence and responsibility implementation of the tasks of the profession. These three factors have to be studied so that the performance of counselors in running the service function will be seen from how to discipline, ability to work, and work performance counselor.Keyword: Professionalism, Performance, Counselor.
STUDENT READINESS HIGH SCHOOL ENTRANCE EXAMS HIGHER EDUCATION AND THE ROLE OF SCHOOL COUNSELORS
Authors: Anjar Tri
Published: February 2017

Abstract: The process of preparing to take the test SNMPTN is something that often makes prospective students experiencing various problems. I prepare for the selection of the necessary physical, material, and also psychological. This research was initiated from the problems that occurred in the preparation of the admission public universities by students coming from private schools . These problems such as high school rules violations / lack of discipline, learn less motivated to learn. This condition greatly affects the readiness of students to achieve success SNMPTN pass. This study aimed to describe the readiness of high school students college entrance exams and the role of BK teacher / school counselor. The study population is students of SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Metro are 212 students. This type of research is quantitative descriptive, and the questionnaire used as an instrument of collecting data. The results showed that the average score of 80.53 with an average percentage of 26.84%, are in the category is not ready. BK teacher's role in preparing students in private schools that help students related to school by making a counseling program, either individually or in the classical style. Increase cooperation with fellow teachers and parents and guardians to fostering the development of children's potential.Keywords: Readiness, Students, Counselor role
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL LAYANAN INFORMASI DENGAN TEKNIK SYMBOLIC MODEL DALAM MEMBANTU MENGEMBANGKAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN KOTA KUDUS TAHUN PELAJARAN 2014/2015
Authors: Lestari Indah , Hidayati Richma , Zamroni Edris
Published: February 2017

Abstract: This study was motivated by the phenomenon of independent learning elementary school children who tend to be low. This can be observed from the tendency of primary school age children dependent on parents, friends and tutors in the homework, cheating when it replicates and mimics the work of friends. The purpose of this study was to develop a model of information services with symbolic techniques to develop independent learning model of primary school age children. The results showed that the value of t obtained figures on chances of error 0.000 9.682 less than the chance of error (p) = 0.05 or in other forms 0.000 <0.05, which means significant. Furthermore, a different test showed that the average post-test bigger with 59.26 value compared with the value of the pre-test of 49.96. Thus, the alternative hypothesis that reads information service model by using symbolic models can significantly improve student learning independence supported or accepted.Keywords: Independence learning, information services, symbolic models
URGENSI KESADARAN BUDAYA KONSELOR DALAM MELAKSANAKAN LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING UNTUK MENGHADAPI MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN (MEA)
Authors: Gumilang Galang Surya
Published: February 2017

Abstract: Humans live in this world depends on culture. Culture greatly affect every aspect of human life that occurred as a whole according to the demands and needs. Human activity ranging from waking to sleep again did not escape the influence of culture. Culture is indeed long life for each event experienced by humans is closely related to culture. For example, as socialize with other people very concerned with culture because every human being has their cultural awareness. Just as a counselor when faced counselee when giving guidance and counseling services. The counselor must have the cultural awareness in the face of the counselee for bringing the essence of each culture. In providing guidance and counseling services, counselors need to pay attention to cultural awareness of being able to bring counselees to understand the psychological characteristics such as intelligence (intelligence, emotional, and spiritual), aptitude, attitude, motivation, and others. Counselors in Indonesia are still not paying attention because of cultural awareness in the provision of guidance and counseling services helped form a new behavior and to determine the success of the counseling process.Keywords: cultural counselor, guidance and counseling services, the ASEAN economic community
Vol.6 No.1 (2016)
Authors: Editor GUIDENA
Published: February 2017

Vol.6 No.1 (2016)
IDENTIFICATION OF SELF POSITION AND BASIC ATTITUDE OF COUNSELORS BY SEMAR TEXT (Study Analysis OF Hermeneutik Gadamerian)
Authors: Gumilang Galang Surya
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this study are to know: (1) self-position of counselor which was adopted from the text of Semar, (2) The basic attitude which was adopting from the text of Semar, (3) The technic for communicating base attitude of counselor are using the metaphor in counseling. This research uses the Qualitative approach by Gadamerian hermeneutic method. Gadamerian hermeneutics is a kind of objective hermeneutic research (Objectivist hermeneutics). Gadamerian hermeneutics unifying thought is contained in a hermeneutic circle pattern. The circle consists of a pattern of up and down between the parts (part) and overall (whole) to understand the meaning of a text. The Data of research are including two texts such as what and who Semar is? (Mulyono, 1978) and Semar as spiritual world of Javanese (Sumukti, 2006), data of interview with Ki Manteb Sudarsono, Ki Purbo Asmoro, S.Kar., M.Hum and Dra. Sri Saptaningsih, MM and data watching the video of wayang. The result of research show that self-position of counselor which was adopted from the text of Semar are: (1) advicer, (2) motivator, (3) deterrent, (4) servant. The basic attitude which was adopting from the text of Semar are: (1) hospitable, (2) wise, (3) honest, (4) care. The technic for communicating basic attitude of counselor are using advice technique.Key Words: The position counselor, the basic attitude of counselor, Semar text.
EFFECT OF SCHOOL BASED MANAGEMENT OF STATE ON PROFESSIONALISM OF TEACHERS
Authors: Sumali Sumali
Published: February 2017

This study aims to find out there is a direct effect of school-based management in the professionalism of teachers. Subjects were teachers who served in secondary schools in Central Lampung, participants were 40 teachers. The study used a survey method causal. The study proved that the school-based management influence on the professionalism of teachers. This means that peninggkatan professionalism of teachers is essentially the improvement of the quality of education within the scope of narrow and wide, can be done by increasing the school-based management.
Surgical eye camp in rural area of Nepal and its role in Vision 2020
Authors: Kharel Sitaula R , Joshi S N , Khanal S
Published: February 2017

Blindness continues to remain a major public health problem in Nepal and cataract is the leading cause. Cataract surgical coverage is relatively low in the rural areas where prevalence of blindness is high. To evaluate the role of surgical out­reached eye camps in rural Nepal and its impact in Vision 2020. This is a descriptive cross sectional camp based study in a remote village of Nepal, where 4 days screening of the eye disease mainly the cataract was done. 250 patients (54.80% males and 45.20% females) underwent eye health screening tests. Cataract was the commonest ocular disease (29.6%) among the screened population and 24% (60 patients) of them required cataract surgery (57% male and 43% female). The mean age of the operated patient was 71.84 ± 10.6years. Among the operated cases, bilateral blindness was present in 21.66% and unilateral blindness in 70% but after vision restoring cataract surgery, normal visual acuity (6/6-6/18) was achieved in 31(51.66%), and vision of 6/24-6/60 in 23 (38.33%) cases. Cataract remains to be the major cause of blindness in Nepal and arrangement of repeated surgical eye camps in the remote areas of Nepal could aid in reducing the prevent­able cause of blindness thereby help in achieving the goal of Vision 2020.
Oral medication administration practice of nurses in Chitwan Medical College
Authors: Rajbanshi L
Published: February 2017

Administering medication is high risk activity because one third of the errors occur during the nurse administration phase. Objective of the study was to find out the nurses practice of administering medicine to the patients. For that onduty nurs­ing supervisors were observed the activities of nurses during administering medicines to the patients at 6 pm, 10 pm and 6 am of following day.Out of 52 nurses, only 5.76% nurses asked patients about the history of allergy and 86.53% asked patients to state their name for identification, 55.76% of nurses compared label of drug with cardex while withdrawing from the stock, 38.46% while pouring and 40.38% before replacing the drug on stock., 13.46% nurse explained purpose of drug to patient, 94.23% were check expiry date of drug, 46.15% stayed with patient till swallowing of drug. This study revealed, 68.42% nurses used measuring cup for accurate measurement of the liquid drug. Similarly, transparency of the syrup was checked by the 50.0% of nurses and 73.60 % of nurses shook the drug(suspension) before pouring on cup.As nurses were poorly adhere to the medication administration procedure, development of policy and procedure with ongoing education and monitoring of practice on safe medication is recommended.
Knowledge regarding adverse effects of selected cosmetic products among higher secondary level girl students, Chitwan
Authors: Shrestha R , Shakya J
Published: February 2017

Cosmetics are substances used to enhance the appearance or odour of the human body. The age that females begin wearing makeup gets younger and younger with every new generation. A descriptive study design was used to find out knowledge regarding adverse effects of selected cosmetic products among higher secondary level girl students. A total 70 female students of Maiya Devi Girls’ College, Bharatpur-10, Chitwan, 34 students of grade 11 and 36 students of grade 12 were selected by using probability simple random sampling lottery method. The result revealed that out of 70 respondents, 30% were of age 17 years, 51.4% were studying in grade 12. 34.3% respondents’ had experienced adverse effects from using cosmetic products, 50% had experienced acne, almost all respondent’s 98.6% got information of cosmetic products from television. Majority 82.9% of the respondents answered that cosmetic products are the substance use to enhance the appearance of body. Cent percent respondents’ had knowledge that lipstick cause lip cancer, 88.6% had knowledge that kajal cause dry eye syndrome, 97.1% had knowledge that skin lightening cream and sunscreen cause skin cancer and perfumes cause skin irritation, 87.1% had knowledge that mascara cause eye irritation, and 98.6% had knowledge that nail polish cause cancer and reading expiry and manufacture date can prevent the occurrence of adverse effects. Majority 72.9% of respondents had average level of knowledge, 17.1% had low level of knowledge and 10.0% had high level of knowledge. Statistically there was significant association between level of knowledge of the respondents’ regarding adverse effects of selected cosmetic products and grade of respondents (p = 0.044).
Expression of P53, PTEN and S100A4 in invasive ductal breast cancer and the clinical significance
Authors: Gang Z , Zhong L , Xiao-meng L , Jun-hua Z , Yong C , Xing Z
Published: February 2017

Objective: To investigate the expression level of P53, PTEN and S100A4 in invasive ductal breast cancer and the clinical significance. Methods: SP immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of P53, PTEN and S100A4 protein in invasive ductal breast cancer, adjacent tissues and benign breast lesions. Results: Immunohistochemical results showed that the positive rates of P53 and S100A4 in invasive ductal breast cancer were 47.69% and 56.92%, which were significantly higher than that in benign breast lesions 16.00% and 22.00% respectively (P<0.05） while positive rates of PTEN in invasive ductal breast cancer was 24.62%, compared to benign breast lesions 52.00%（P<0.05). The expression of P53 was negatively correlated with PTEN in invasive ductal breast cancer（P<0.05). Western blot revealed that the relative expression levels of P53, PTEN and S100A4 protein in invasive ductal breast cancer were 0.967±0.066, 0.785±0.044 and 1.065±0.073 respectively, which were significantly different with that in benign breast lesions （0.549±0.032, 1.245±0.059, 0.370±0.065）（P<0.05). The expression of P53 can be correlated with histological grading and lymph node metastasis（P<0.05), but not with tumour size and clinical grade (P>0.05) While expression of S100A4 has correlation with clinical grade and lymph node metastasis（P<0.05), but no association with the age, tumour size and histological differentiating degree was observed（P>0.05). Similarly, expressions of PTEN has relation with lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), but not with the age, tumor size, clinical grade and histological grading was noted in our study（P>0.05). Conclusion: Expression of P53, PTEN and S100A4 can be taken as to the prognosis biomarkers of breast cancer and potential targets for new and effective treatment strategies for breast cancer.
Infant and young child feeding practices among mother in Satar community
Authors: Ban R K , Rajbanshi L
Published: February 2017

Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices differ in communities due to differences in knowledge, culture and other socio-economic factors. The objective of this study was to find out the practices of Satar mothers on ICYF and their correlates. A descriptive study employing non-probability sampling technique was used to select 132 mothers who had infants aged from 6 months to 23 months. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to find out the association between practice of breastfeeding and complementary feeding with selected socio demographic variables. Findings depicted that practice of breastfeeding was lower than complementary feeding among Satar mothers. About 37.1% respondents initiated breast feeding in less than an hour (≤ 1 hour). While 80.3% respondents fed colostrums, almost the half of them (43.4%) practiced prelacteal feeding. Exclusive breastfeeding and introduction of complementary foods at the age of six months were 49.2% and 51.5% respectively. Exclusive breast feeding was found to have significant association with educational level of respondents (p=<0.001), education level of her husband (p=<0.001), sex of children (p=0.023) and place of delivery (p=<0.001). Feeding practices in Satar community were found to be associated with mother’s educational status so there is still a need for programmes, which support and encourage breast-feeding particularly focusing more on younger and less well-educated mothers.
Knowledge and practice regarding prevention of occupational hazards among traffic policemen in Kathmandu
Authors: Panta S , Neupane M
Published: February 2017

Occupational health hazards are hazards of exposure to pollution, noise and vibrations in the working environment (ILO). This study aim to find out the knowledge and practice on prevention of occupational health hazards among traffic policemen in Kathmandu valley. A descriptive study employing probability sampling was used to select 282 traffic policemen who were employed in the traffic police stations of Kathmandu. Where Self administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by using SPSS such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and chi-square test. Findings depicted that less than half of respondents (40.4%) had fair knowledge on prevention of occupational health hazards. The highest mean percentage score was in the area of effects and prevention of dust or gas about 70%. The level of knowledge was found significant association with age (p=0.029), government provided by safety measures (p=0.021). More than half (54.6%) of respondents had poor preventive practices, such as wearing gloves, back support belts, compression stocking, apply sunscreen cream and wearing ear plug on duty hour. The level of practice was found to have significant association with age group of respondents (p=0.038), sex (p=0.009) and work experience (p=0.048). It is concluded that traffic policemen knowledge regarding prevention of occupational health hazards had fair knowledge but poor preventive practices. This study reveals the need for awareness program for prevention of occupational health hazards among traffic policemen
Phenytoin induced severe agranulocytosis and hepatitis
Authors: Neki N S , Shah D M
Published: February 2017

Phenytoin is an anti epileptic drug. It is the cornerstone in the treatment of epilepsy disorders. It causes many adverse drug reactions. Neurological complications are commonly observed. Rarely it may cause idiosyncratic reactions in the form of agranulocytosis, hepatitis. Though rare it may pose a serious problem. The treatment is withdrawal of phenytoin and use of appropriate antibiotic.
Factors affecting complementary feeding among mothers of under two years children in Darai and Kumal communities of Mangalpur, Chitwan
Authors: Kandel K P , Sah B K , Kafle S , Khanal S , Adhikari B
Published: February 2017

Complementary feeding for an infant refers to timely introduction of safe and nutritional foods in addition to breast-feeding i.e. clean and nutritionally rich additional foods introduced at about six months of infant age. Complementary feeding strategies encompass a wide variety of interventions designed to improve not only the quality and quantity of these foods but also improve the feeding behaviors. The objective of the study is to assess the factors affecting complementary feeding practices among mothers in Mangalpur, Chitwan. A cross sectional study was carried out to find out the factors affecting complimentary feeding practices among mothers of under two years children in Darai and Kumal Communities in Mangalpur, Chitwan. Altogether 84 respondents were included in this study. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics and Inferential statistics and those data was analyzed by using the software SPSS (version 20.0). The percentage of Knowledge on complimentary feeding was found as 96.40 and correct practice was 73.80% in the study area. In this study, more than half (58.3%) of the respondent had first child at the age of nineteen or more. 86.90 % of the respondents had knowledge of complementary food and mostly (87.70) practiced lito as complimentary food. Almost all (98.80%) mothers had the knowledge of sarbottam pitho and 79.50% had correct knowledge of preparation. Complementary feeding was practiced correctly by 73.80% mothers
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (invasive mole) following incomplete abortion- a rare case presenting with uterine perforation with gross hemoperitoneum: A case report
Authors: Neupane G , Acharya S
Published: February 2017

Invasive mole is gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, characterized by aggressive invasion of the wall of the uterus by the trophoblastic cells. Here, we report a rare case of 17 years primigravida who presented with per vaginal bleeding and uterine perforation with gross hemoperitoneum about 1 month of manual vacuum aspiration of incomplete abortion. Resuscitation followed by emergency laparotomy with subsequent repair of uterine perforation was done. The patient received a total of 5 cycles of single agent chemotherapy (Methotrexate with leukovorin rescue). The beta hCG level became normal after 3 cycles of chemotherapy and further 2 cycles chemotherapy was administered. She was followed up for another 1 year in which her beta hCG levels were within normal limits.
The Logic of ‘But’: Quarrels, Literature and Democracy
Authors: Docherty Thomas
Published: February 2017

This paper looks at intrinsic disputation within proposition, and specifically within propositions that offer a moderated version of the freedom of speech and expression. It begins from a consideration of what is at stake in Othello's ‘Rude am I in my speech’, a rhetorical gesture that frames an act of great eloquence, and in which the eloquence serves to formulate a quarrel by ostensibly resolving it. This example reveals that there is a conflict between empirical quarrel and articulated spoken resolution. This leads the essay to explore the way in which diplomacy works, whereby we establish the pretence that there is peace between disputatious positions through the power of the logic of ‘but’, thus: ‘I agree with you, but …’. Finally, this is extended to a consideration of the limits of and/or on free speech: ‘I defend free speech, but …’, where the ‘but’ is a gesture in which the defence of free speech is modified to the point of being obliterated.
Design, Implementation and Evaluation of a Pump-Controlled Circuit for Single Rod Actuators
Authors: Imam Ahmed , Rafiq Moosa , Jalayeri Ehsan , Sepehri Nariman
Published: February 2017

Pump-controlled hydraulic circuits are more efficient than valve-controlled circuits, as they eliminate the energy losses due to flow throttling in valves and require less cooling effort. Presently existing pump-controlled solutions for single rod cylinders encounter an undesirable performance during certain operating conditions. This paper investigates the performance issues in common pump-controlled circuits for the single rod actuators. Detailed analysis is conducted that identifies these regions in a load-velocity plane and the factors affecting them. The findings are validated by experimental results. A new design is then proposed that employs a limited throttling valve alongside two pilot operated check valves for differential flow compensation to improve the performance. The valve is of the flow control type and is chosen to have a throttling effect over critical regions; it has the least throttling over other operating regions, thus maintaining efficiency. Experimental work demonstrates improved performance in a full operating range of the actuator as compared to a circuit that uses only the pilot-operated check valves. This circuit is energy efficient and capable of recuperating energy.
Diurnal Leaf Starch Content: An Orphan Trait in Forage Legumes
Authors: Ruckle Michael , Meier Michael , Frey Lea , Eicke Simona , Kölliker Roland , Zeeman Samuel , Studer Bruno
Published: February 2017

Forage legumes have a relatively high biomass yield and crude protein content, but their grazed and harvested biomass lacks the high-energy carbohydrates required to meet the productivity potential of modern livestock breeds. Because of their low carbohydrate content, forage legume diets are typically supplemented with starch rich cereal grains or maize (Zea mays), leading to the disruption of local nutrient cycles. Although plant leaves were first reported to accumulate starch in a diurnal pattern over a century ago, leaf starch content has yet to be exploited as an agronomic trait in forage crops. Forage legumes such as red clover (Trifolium pratense) have the genetic potential to accumulate up to one third of their leaf dry mass as starch, but this starch is typically degraded at night to support nighttime growth and respiration. Even when diurnal accumulation is considered with regard to the time the crop is harvested, only limited gains are realized due to environmental effects and post-harvest losses from respiration. Here we present original data for starch metabolism in red clover and place it in the broader context of other forage legumes such as, white clover (T. repens), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa). We review the application of recent advances in molecular breeding, plant biology, and crop phenotyping, to forage legumes to improve and exploit a potentially valuable trait for sustainable ruminant livestock production.
An Adaptive Buffering Scheme for P2P Live and Time-Shifted Streaming
Authors: Kim Eunsam , Kim Taeyoung , Lee Choonhwa
Published: February 2017

Recently, P2P streaming techniques have been a promising solution to a large-scale live streaming system because of their high scalability and low installation cost. In P2P live streaming systems, however, it is difficult to manage peers’ buffers effectively, because they can buffer only a limited amount of data around a live broadcasting time in the main memory and suffer from long playback lag due to the nature of P2P structures. In addition, the number of peers decreases rapidly as the playback position moves further from this time by performing time-shifted viewing. These situations widen the distribution of peers’ playback positions, thereby decreasing the degree of data duplication among peers. Moreover, it is hard to use each peer’s buffer as the caching area because the buffer area where the chunks that have already been played back are stored can be overwritten at any time by new chunks that will arrive soon. In this paper, we therefore propose a novel buffering scheme to significantly increase data duplication in buffering periods among peers in P2P live and time-shifted streaming systems. In our proposed scheme, the buffer ratio of each peer is adaptively adjusted according to its relative playback position in a group by increasing the ratio of the caching area in its buffer as its playback position moves earlier in time and increasing the ratio of the prefetching area as its playback position moves later. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that our proposed adaptive buffering scheme outperforms the conventional buffering technique considerably in terms of startup delay, average jitter ratio, and the ratio of necessary chunks in a buffermap.
LED Current Balance Using a Variable Voltage Regulator with Low Dropout vDS Control
Authors: Hsieh Hung-I , Wang Hao
Published: February 2017

A cost-effective light-emitting diode (LED) current balance strategy using a variable voltage regulator (VVR) with low dropout vDS control is proposed. This can regulate the multiple metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) of the linear current regulators (LCR), maintaining low dropout vDS on the flat vGS-characteristic curves and making all drain currents almost the same. Simple group LCRs respectively loaded with a string LED are employed to implement the theme. The voltage VVdc from a VVR is synthesized by a string LED voltage NvD, source voltage vR, and a specified low dropout vDS = VQ. The VVdc updates instantly, through the control loop of the master LCR, which means that all slave MOSFETs have almost the same biases on their flat vGS-characteristic curves. This leads to all of the string LED currents being equal to each other, producing an almost even luminance. An experimental setup with microchip control is built to verify the estimations. Experimental results show that the luminance of all of the string LEDs are almost equal to one another, with a maximum deviation below 1% during a wide dimming range, while keeping all vDS of the MOSFETs at a low dropout voltage, as expected.
Application of the DC Offset Cancellation Method and S Transform to Gearbox Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Zhang Xinghui , Zhao Jianmin , Bajrić Rusmir , Wang Liangliang
Published: February 2017

In this paper, the direct current (DC) offset cancellation and S transform-based diagnosis method is verified using three case studies. For DC offset cancellation, correlated kurtosis (CK) is used instead of the cross-correlation coefficient in order to determine the optimal iteration number. Compared to the cross-correlation coefficient, CK enhances the DC offset cancellation ability enormously because of its excellent periodic impulse signal detection ability. Here, it has been proven experimentally that it can effectively diagnose the implanted bearing fault. However, the proposed method is less effective in the case of simultaneously present bearing and gear faults, especially for extremely weak bearing faults. In this circumstance, the iteration number of DC offset cancellation is determined directly by the high-speed shaft gear mesh frequency order. For the planetary gearbox, the application of the proposed method differs from the fixed-axis gearbox, because of its complex structure. For those small fault frequency parts, such as planet gear and ring gear, the DC offset cancellation’s ability is less effective than for the fixed-axis gearbox. In these studies, the S transform is used to display the time-frequency characteristics of the DC offset cancellation processed results; the performances are evaluated, and the discussions are given. The fault information can be more easily observed in the time-frequency contour than the frequency domain.
An Integrated Convective Cloud Detection Method Using FY-2 VISSR Data
Authors: Liang Kuai , Shi Hanqing , Yang Pinglv , Zhao Xiaoran
Published: February 2017

The characteristics of convective clouds on infrared brightness temperature (BTIR) and brightness temperature difference (BTD) image were analyzed using successive Infrared and Visible Spin-Scan Radiometer (VISSR) data of FY-2, and an integrated detection method of convective clouds using infrared multi-thresholds in combination with tracking techniques was implemented. In this method, BT and BTD thresholds are used to detect severe convection and uncertain clouds, then the tracking technique including overlap ratio, minimum BT change and cross-correlation coefficient is used to detect convection activities in uncertain clouds. The Application test results show that our integrated detection method can effectively detect convective clouds in different life periods, which show a better performance than any single step in it. The statistical results show that the α-type clouds are mostly large-scale systems, and the β- and γ-type clouds have the highest proportion of general type. However, the proportion of weak convective cloud is higher than that of severe ones in γ-type cloud, and an opposite result is found in the β-type.
Ricotta Cheese Whey-Fruit-Based Beverages: Pasteurization Effects on Antioxidant Composition and Color
Authors: Rizzolo Anna , Cortellino Giovanna
Published: February 2017

In order to minimize the precipitate formation upon pasteurization for whey-fruit juice-based beverages, a novel type of functional beverage was prepared, in which whey was replaced with Ricotta-cheese whey (RCW). Aiming at evaluating the influence of fruit juice type (yellow: apple, pear; red: blueberry, strawberry) and pasteurization conditions on color and antioxidants, four fruit-RCW-based beverages (juice/RCW ratio: 80/20, 14% soluble solids content) were prepared and divided into two lots, and each lot was pasteurized according to different times/temperatures. After pasteurization, no formation of precipitate was observed in the bottles, even if some turbidity, ranging from 25 NTU (pear-RCW) to 190 NTU (blueberry-RCW), was observed. The blending of juices with RCW caused color darkening in apple, pear, and strawberry blends, and brightening in the blueberry one. The pasteurization conditions had a greater impact on the color changes of ‘yellow’ beverages than those of the ‘red’ ones. With a lethal rate F 100 10 = 14 , there was a greater decrease in the total phenolic content (TPC) in blueberry-, strawberry-, and apple-RCW beverages, and a greater decrease in the monomeric anthocyanin pigment (MAP) and a smaller increase in the percent of polymeric color, in the blueberry-RCW beverage. Results on the antioxidant activity suggested that the Maillard reaction products formed in response to thermal treatment and/or the formation of anthocyanin polymers, likely compensate for the loss of antioxidant activity due to TPC and MAP degradations.
Sulfur Modifications of the Wobble U34 in tRNAs and their Intracellular Localization in Eukaryotic Cells
Authors: Nakai Yumi , Nakai Masato , Yano Takato
Published: February 2017

The wobble uridine (U34) of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) for two-box codon recognition, i.e., tRNALysUUU, tRNAGluUUC, and tRNAGlnUUG, harbor a sulfur- (thio-) and a methyl-derivative structure at the second and fifth positions of U34, respectively. Both modifications are necessary to construct the proper anticodon loop structure and to enable them to exert their functions in translation. Thio-modification of U34 (s2U34) is found in both cytosolic tRNAs (cy-tRNAs) and mitochondrial tRNAs (mt-tRNAs). Although l-cysteine desulfurase is required in both cases, subsequent sulfur transfer pathways to cy-tRNAs and mt-tRNAs are different due to their distinct intracellular locations. The s2U34 formation in cy-tRNAs involves a sulfur delivery system required for the biosynthesis of iron-sulfur (Fe/S) clusters and certain resultant Fe/S proteins. This review addresses presumed sulfur delivery pathways for the s2U34 formation in distinct intracellular locations, especially that for cy-tRNAs in comparison with that for mt-tRNAs.
A Single-Use, In Vitro Biosensor for the Detection of T-Tau Protein, A Biomarker of Neuro-Degenerative Disorders, in PBS and Human Serum Using Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV)
Authors: Dai Yifan , Molazemhosseini Alireza , Liu Chung
Published: February 2017

A single-use, in vitro biosensor for the detection of T-Tau protein in phosphate-buffer saline (PBS) and undiluted human serum was designed, manufactured, and tested. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) served as the transduction mechanism. This biosensor consisted of three electrodes: working, counter, and reference electrodes fabricated on a PET sheet. Both working and counter electrodes were thin gold film, 10 nm in thickness. Laser ablation technique was used to define the size and structure of the biosensor. The biosensor was produced using cost-effective roll-to-roll process. Self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) were employed to covalently immobilize the anti-T-Tau (T-Tau antibody) on the gold working electrode. A carbodiimide conjugation approach using N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N–hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) cross-linked anti-T-Tau to the carboxylic groups on one end of the MPA. A T-Tau protein ladder with six isoforms was used in this study. The anti-T-Tau concentration used was 500,000 pg/mL. The T-Tau protein concentration ranged from 1000 pg/mL to 100,000 pg/mL. DPV measurements showed excellent responses, with a good calibration curve. Thus, a practical tool for simple detection of T-Tau protein, a biomarker of neuro-degenerative disorders, has been successfully developed. This tool could also be extended to detect other biomarkers for neuro-degenerative disorders, such as P-Tau protein and β-amyloid 42.
Development of Ni-Based Catalysts Derived from Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds Precursors for Synthesis Gas Production via Methane or Ethanol Reforming
Authors: Du Ya-Li , Wu Xu , Cheng Qiang , Huang Yan-Li , Huang Wei
Published: February 2017

As a favorably clean fuel, syngas (synthesis gas) production has been the focus of concern in past decades. Substantial literatures reported the syngas production by various catalytic reforming reactions particularly in methane or ethanol reforming. Among the developed catalysts in these reforming processes, Ni-based catalysts from hydrotalcite-like compounds (HTLcs) precursors have drawn considerable attention for their preferable structural traits. This review covers the recent literature reporting syngas production with Ni-based catalysts from HTLc precursors via methane or ethanol reforming. The discussion was initiated with catalyst preparation (including conventional and novel means), followed by subsequent thermal treatment processes, then composition design and the addition of promoters in these catalysts. As Ni-based catalysts have thermodynamic potential to deactivate because of carbon deposition or metal sintering, measures for dealing with these problems were finally summarized. To obtain optimal catalytic performances and resultantly better syngas production, based on analyzing the achievements of the references, some perspectives were finally proposed.
Novel Fe‐W‐Ce Mixed Oxide for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with NH3 at Low Temperatures
Authors: Stahl Anna , Wang Zhong , Schwämmle Tobias , Ke Jun , Li Xuebing
Published: February 2017

A set of novel iron doped cerium‐tungsten catalysts were prepared by sol‐gel method with a view to their application for low temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 in power plants. With a molar ratio Fe/W/Ce of 0.5:1:1, a NOx reduction of >90% at 200 °C was achieved. In Fe-W-Ce catalysts with low iron oxide content, it was found that the iron compounds were highly dispersed and formed a solid solution within the cerium oxide lattice, which promoted the SCR activity. Large amounts of iron in the catalysts might form a layer of Fe2O3 on the catalyst surface, which induced the synergistic inhibition effect among Fe, Ce and W species. Moreover, the Fe‐W‐Ce catalysts possessed a high resistance to changed operation parameters as well as to deactivation by SO2 and/or H2O. The novel catalyst showed to be competitive among recently developed low‐temperature SCR catalysts.
Electrochemical Affinity Biosensors in Food Safety
Authors: Campuzano Susana , Yáez-Sedeño Paloma , Pingarrón José
Published: February 2017

Safety and quality are key issues of today’s food industry. Since the food chain is becoming more and more complex, powerful analytical methods are required to verify the performance of food safety and quality systems. Indeed, such methods require high sensitivity, selectivity, ability for rapid implementation and capability of automatic screening. Electroanalytical chemistry has, for decades, played a relevant role in food safety and quality assessment, taking more and more significance over time in the solution of analytical problems. At present, the implementation of electrochemical methods in the food is evident. This is in a large part due to the relevant results obtained by combining the attractive advantages of electrochemical transduction strategies (in terms of relatively simple hardware, versatility, interface with automatic logging and feasibility of application outside the laboratory environment) with those from biosensors technology. Important examples of enzyme electrochemical biosensors are those dedicated to the determination of glucose, alcohol or cholesterol are important examples. In addition, other types of different electrochemical biosensing approaches have emerged strongly in the last years. Among these, the strategies involving affinity interactions have been shown to possess a large number of applications. Therefore, electrochemical immunosensors and DNA-based biosensors have been widely used to determine major and minor components in foodstuffs, providing sufficient data to evaluate food freshness, the quality of raw materials, or the origin of samples, as well as to determine a variety of compounds at trace levels related to food safety such as micotoxins, allergens, drugs residues or pathogen microorganisms. This review discusses some critical examples of the latest advances in this area, pointing out relevant methodologies related to the measurement techniques, including the use of nanostructured electrodes and strategies for signal amplification.
Virtual Prototyping and Validation of Cpps within a New Software Framework
Authors: Neumeyer Sebastian , Exner Konrad , Kind Simon , Hayka Haygazun , Stark Rainer
Published: February 2017

As a result of the growing demand for highly customized and individual products, companies need to enable flexible and intelligent manufacturing. Cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) will act autonomously in the future in an interlinked production and enable such flexibility. However, German mid-sized plant manufacturers rarely use virtual technologies for design and validation in order to design CPPS. The research project Virtual Commissioning with Smart Hybrid Prototyping (VIB-SHP) investigated the usage of virtual technologies for manufacturing systems and CPPS design. Aspects of asynchronous communicating, intelligent- and autonomous-acting production equipment in an immersive validation environment, have been investigated. To enable manufacturing system designers to validate CPPS, a software framework for virtual prototyping has been developed. A mechatronic construction kit for production system design integrates discipline-specific models and manages them in a product lifecycle management (PLM) solution. With this construction kit manufacturing designers are able to apply virtual technologies and the validation of communication processes with the help of behavior models. The presented approach resolves the sequential design process for the development of mechanical, electrical, and software elements and ensures the consistency of these models. With the help of a bill of material (BOM)- and signal-based alignment of the discipline-specific models in an integrated mechatronic product model, the communication of the design status and changes are improved. The re-use of already-specified and -designed modules enable quick behavior modeling, code evaluation, as well as interaction with the virtualized assembly system in an immersive environment.
Multiscale CT-Based Computational Modeling of Alveolar Gas Exchange during Artificial Lung Ventilation, Cluster (Biot) and Periodic (Cheyne-Stokes) Breathings and Bronchial Asthma Attack
Authors: Golov Andrey , Simakov Sergey , Soe Yan , Pryamonosov Roman , Mynbaev Ospan , Kholodov Alexander
Published: February 2017

An airflow in the first four generations of the tracheobronchial tree was simulated by the 1D model of incompressible fluid flow through the network of the elastic tubes coupled with 0D models of lumped alveolar components, which aggregates parts of the alveolar volume and smaller airways, extended with convective transport model throughout the lung and alveolar components which were combined with the model of oxygen and carbon dioxide transport between the alveolar volume and the averaged blood compartment during pathological respiratory conditions. The novel features of this work are 1D reconstruction of the tracheobronchial tree structure on the basis of 3D segmentation of the computed tomography (CT) data; 1D−0D coupling of the models of 1D bronchial tube and 0D alveolar components; and the alveolar gas exchange model. The results of our simulations include mechanical ventilation, breathing patterns of severely ill patients with the cluster (Biot) and periodic (Cheyne-Stokes) respirations and bronchial asthma attack. The suitability of the proposed mathematical model was validated. Carbon dioxide elimination efficiency was analyzed in all these cases. In the future, these results might be integrated into research and practical studies aimed to design cyberbiological systems for remote real-time monitoring, classification, prediction of breathing patterns and alveolar gas exchange for patients with breathing problems.