bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extraction of periodic signals in GNSS vertical coordinate time series using adaptive Ensemble Empirical Modal Decomposition method
Authors: Li Weiwei , Guo Jing
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) has been widely used in the data analysis. Adaptive EEMD further improves computational efficiency through the adaptability in the white noise amplitude and set average number. However, its effectiveness of the periodic signal extraction in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) coordinate time series regarding on the inevitable missing data and offsets issues have not been comprehensively validated. It is verified with 5- year time series through 300 simulations for each case. The results show that high accuracy could reach for the overall random missing rate below 15 % and avoiding consecutive missing epochs exceeding 30. Meanwhile, offsets should be corrected in advance regardless of their magnitudes. The analysis of vertical component of 13 stations within the Australian Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS) monitoring network, demonstrates the advantage in revealing the time-varying characteristics of periodic signals. From the perspectives of correlation coefficients, power spectral density (PSD) indices and signal noise ratio (SNR), the means for adaptive EEMD are 0.36, -0.18 and 0.48, respectively, while for least squares (LS), they are 0.27, -0.50 and 0.23. Meanwhile, significance test of the residuals further substantiate the effectiveness in periodic signal extraction, which shows there is no annual signal remained. Also, the longer the series, the higher accuracy of extracted periodic signal is reasonable concluded via the significance test. Furthermore, the time-varying periodic characteristics is more conducive to analyze the driving factors. Overall, the application of adaptive EEMD could achieve high accuracy in analyzing GNSS time series, but it should be based on the proper dealing with missing data and offsets.
Morphofunctional state of the thyroid gland in rats with prolonged low-dose exposure to deltamethrin
Authors: Chigrinsky E. A. , Gerunova L. K. , Gerunov T. V. , Shorin N. V.
Published: October 2023

The thyroid gland is very sensitive to various stress factors, including chemical ones. Meanwhile, the effect that many ecotoxicants have on the animal endocrine system has not been studied. The effect of cyanide-containing synthetic pyrethroids on the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones during prolonged low-dose exposure remains an open question. This research was aimed at assessing the morphofunctional state of the thyroid gland in laboratory rats under the specified exposure regime. The studies were conducted on 48 male Wistar rats. When modeling the effect of low doses of deltamethrin on animals, the substance was administered to rats at a dose of 1/100 LD50, and the experiment lasted for 120 days. The concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone, total thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and the ratio T4/T3 were determined in the rats' blood. The solid-phase enzyme immunoassay method was used to determine hormones. For histological examination, the thyroid gland of animals was fixed in a 4% neutral formaldehyde solution. Sections of paraffin blocks were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Prolonged low-dose exposure to deltamethrin caused hypofunction of the thyroid gland in laboratory rats, which was accompanied by a decrease in the level of thyroid hormones in the blood serum. The stimulating effect of the pituitary gland increased compensatorily due to the additional release of thyroid-stimulating hormone. At the same time, there was a change in the ratio of T4/T3 in the blood. The histological patterns of the thyroid gland were characterized by a decrease in the thyrocyte area, growth of follicles, and colloid densification.
Microstructure of the organs of the digestive canal of Clarias gariepinus against the background of the use of probiotics
Authors: Grinuyk E. S. , Mkrtchyan M. E. , Safronov D. I. , Ilina L. A.
Published: October 2023

The African clary catfish is an exotic fish, so its breeding in our climate is carried out in closed water supply systems. The microbiota that is located in the gastrointestinal tract consists of various bacteria, and among them the most common are enterococci, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, etc. They perform a number of functions, such as participation in digestion, synthesis of vitamins, preventing the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, etc. d. The purpose of our work is to study the effect of dietary supplements on the degree of development and microstructure of the digestive canal organs of Clarias gariepinus fry. The material for the study was marbled catfish fry 30 and 60 days old, which were divided into three experimental groups according to the principle of analogue pairs. For a month after hatching, they were fed with food with the addition of a dry lyophilized culture of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp complex. bulgaricus with Bifidobacterium lactis, as well as a probiotic with Enterococcus faecium. At the end of the experiment, histological studies of the digestive canal organs were carried out using our improved method. The results of histological studies showed that, against the background of the use of probiotic feed additives of various compositions, changes in the structure of the wall of the esophagus and stomach of experimental fry are observed. In the epithelial plate of the esophageal wall, against the background of the use of a complex of lactoand bifidobacteria, the number of mucous and chloride cells visually increases. The degree of development of gastric glands after adding Enterococcus faecium to the feed is more pronounced by 30 days of age, and in 2-month-old fry their number is visually greater in fish using a complex of lactoand bifidobacteria. The study of the microstructure of organs proves that the use of these biological additives has a positive effect on the growth and development of the digestive tract organs of the African clariid catfish.
Weight and linear growth of the skeleton of domestic reindeer of the Nenets breed
Authors: Yuzhakov A. A. , Laishev K. A. , Mukhachev A. D.
Published: October 2023

Reindeer are one of the most widespread and adapted representatives of the northern territories of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Features of skeletal development are an important ontogenetic feature that reflects the level of development of the animal and the degree of realization of its genetic resource in the phenotype. The purpose of the presented research is to study the characteristics of the growth and development of the skeleton of the Nenets reindeer breed, taking into account the sex and age of the animals. Data were obtained on the peripheral and axial growth of skeletal bones from birth to the end of growth of males and females. Based on the studies conducted, it was possible to establish that in the postnatal period, the axial part of the skeleton of male and female reindeer grows faster than the peripheral part. Linear bone growth in deer ends earlier than weight growth. Females, compared to males, are characterized by more intense weight and linear growth of the skeleton, which confirms the relatively earlier completion of the growth and development of the body of females in relation to males of the same age. The growth rate of the reindeer skeleton is inferior to the rate of increase in live weight, which increases mainly due to the active growth of other tissues and organs. The greatest increase in skeletal mass and linear growth is observed during the milk period. Consequently, the first six months of a reindeer’s life are of great importance for the formation of physique, physiological precocity and the level of future meat and labor productivity. The revealed patterns of skeletal growth for reindeer of the Nenets breed do not exclude the possibility of extending them to reindeer of other breeds.
Dairy productivity of Holstein cattle with different genotypes of the osteopontin gene (OPN)
Authors: Gaynutdinova E. R. , Safina N. Yu. , Fattakhova Z. F. , Shakrov Sh. K.
Published: October 2023

The study was conducted in order to study the polymorphism of the osteopontin gene (OPN) and to evaluate the indicators of milk productivity of Holstein first-calf cows with different genotypes. The work was carried out in the agricultural complex "Plemzavod im. Lenin" of the Atninsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan and the laboratory of the Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, Genetics and Animal Nutrition of the TatNIISKh FIT KAZNTS RAS. Genotyping was carried out by PCR-PDRF at the locus of the OPN-Bse1 I gene. The analysis of the genetic structure showed that the studied population is polymorphic by the OPN gene. The distribution of alleles and genotypes was as follows: C-0.432 and T0.568; CC – 14.3% (37 goals), CT - 57.8% (149 goals) and TT - 27.9% (72 goals). The highest milk yield for 305 days of lactation and a high yield of milk protein was observed in individuals with the CC genotype. During DNA testing of 258 Holstein firstcalf cows by PCR-PDRF of osteopontin gene polymorphism (OPN), it was revealed that the studied cattle population is polymorphic and is represented by all alleles and genotypes. According to the content of the mass fraction of fat and the yield of milk fat, a statistically significant superiority is observed in animals with a heterozygous CT genotype. It has been established that the C allele has a positive effect on the signs of milk productivity and the qualitative composition of milk.
Analysis of the causes of inversion of the large colon in horses
Authors: Pogorelov M. A. , Stekolnikov A. A.
Published: October 2023

Gastrointestinal diseases in horses are one of the most common causes of death among sport horses. Volvulus of the large colon is one of the most severe forms of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract of horses. The disease is acute and requires immediate hospitalization and surgical intervention. With complete volvulus of the large colon, in the absence of surgical treatment, death occurs in 100 percent of cases. The limited number and inaccessibility of specialized clinics capable of performing this operation make the problem of prevention, as well as timely detection and treatment of concomitant diseases that can provoke volvulus of the large colon, urgent. In this article, we analyzed the literature data on this issue, and also present our own statistics obtained during the collection of anamneses from patients operated on in our clinic in the period 2021-2023, with a diagnosis of volvulus of the large colon. The main reasons that can provoke volvulus of the large colon can be considered gross violations in the technology of feeding and keeping horses, lack of conditions for daily exercise, the use of medications, the side effects of which can be inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract, lack of control over the condition of teeth, recent foaling in mares. During the period 2021-2023, twelve patients diagnosed with volvulus of the large colon were operated on in our clinic. Six of these were mares, one arrived three weeks after foaling, five were geldings aged 7, 10, 16 and 19 years and one was a stallion.
Helminthological status of sports and breeding horses exported outside the Russian Federation
Authors: Dyomkina O. V. , Solovyeva I. A. , Bondarenko G. A. , Trukhina T. I.
Published: October 2023

Every year a large number of animals are transported across the territory of the Russian Federation. In 2022, the movement of 156,229 heads of horses was recorded. To minimize the risks of spreading infections and invasions, strict veterinary requirements have been developed, including mandatory deworming during quarantine before shipment. The animals must arrive at their destination free of parasitic diseases. The study aimed to find out the possible risks of the spread of helminthiasis of horses with newly imported animals. Horses in transit through the city were examined. Blagoveshchensk from the farms of Central Russia to the country of East Asia. Feces were examined by flotation and larvoscopy methods, followed by determination of the systematic position of parasites. Helminthic invasion was detected in 64.3% of the examined animals with varying intensity. Both widespread helminthiasis of horses (trichonematosis, paraskaridosis) and dangerous diseases that are not registered in horses of equestrian clubs of Blagoveshchensk (alfortiosis, strongylosis, delafondiosis, anoplocephalidosis) have been identified. Taking into account the time of transportation, the duration of action of anthelmintic drugs in the body of horses and the timing of the preimaginal development of various types of helminths, the identification of these diseases indicates poor-quality deworming before transportation from the point of departure. When organizing the movement of horses, more careful control over the organization of the transportation process and compliance with regulatory requirements is needed to ensure the epizootic safety of animals, reduce the risks of spreading infections and invasions in safe territories.
Oxidative stress in animals exposed to cypermethrin: mechanisms of development and possible risks
Authors: Gerunov T. V. , Chigrinsky E. A. , Gerunova L. K.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study is to establish the mechanisms of development of oxidative stress during long-term low-dose exposure to cypermethrin on the animal organism and to substantiate possible risks. The work was carried out using Wistar rats, which were intragastrically injected daily with cypermethrin at a dose of 1/1000 LD50 for 60 and 120 days. At the same time, control animals received an appropriate volume of saline solution inside. When removing animals from the experiment, blood was taken to determine the number of red blood cells, the concentration of hemoglobin, glucose, lactic and uric acids, and total bilirubin. In the study of erythrocytes and liver, biochemical parameters characterizing carbohydrate and purine metabolism, processes of xenobiotics biotransformation, pro- and antioxidant processes were determined. Long-term lowdose exposure to cypermethrin for 60 days causes hematotoxic effects in animals, enhancement of xenobiotic biotransformation processes, and slight compensatory restructuring of metabolic processes in the liver. Exposure to 1/1000 LD50 of cypermethrin for 120 days, in addition to the above effects, causes the development of acidosis, enhances pro-oxidant processes, and suppresses the function of the antioxidant defense system and the pentose cycle. The decrease in the activity of the liver antioxidant system is due to glutathione deficiency due to the activation of xenobiotic biotransformation systems and suppression of the activity of glutathione reductase and glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase, which ultimately leads to the development of oxidative stress. Long-term exposure of animals to low doses of cypermethrin causes hemolysis of erythrocytes, lactic acidosis, activation of prooxidant systems, and inhibition of the antioxidant defense system. Deficiency of carbohydrates and suppression of the activity of the pentose cycle indicate a decrease in the functional activity of the liver and an increased risk of immunosuppression.
Influenta lui Byron la G. Asachi ;i C. Stamat
Authors: BĂRBUCEANU Costina Denisa
Published: October 2023

"""Comparable to Lamartinism and Hugolianism, Byron's influence on Romanian literature has a ferment value,"" because it spread rapidly and ""it was fashionable in the West and especially in Paris"" responding to the need of a ""society caught in the whirlwind of fitting into European culture and which, detached from patriarchal and oriental forms, is looking for a national frame."" Byron entered the Romanian literary spheres during the pasoptist period and ""(...) becomes a legendary figure in the spring of 1812, with the deliberate shadow of a Haroldian identity hanging over his own person. Such an author-character mixture was a delicacy of the romantic kitchen since Goethe's Werther, whose sufferings were identified with the disease of time."" (our translation) which represents the first testimony of this trend that will spread its fragrance in the Romanian letters."
Some Aspects Regarding the Grammaticality and Ungrammaticality of Idioms
Authors: GEANĂ Corina Mihaela
Published: October 2023

Limbajul, ca sistem de comunicație, are sensuri literare și sensuri figurate. Un limbaj pur literar este rar întâlnit. Limbajul figurat este utilizat în mod frecvent. Nu ne putem da seama de înțelesul unei expresii sau structuri frazeologice doar prin cunoașterea sensurilor tuturor părților componente și a regulilor de formare a acestora. Și invers, nu ne putem folosi doar de cuvinte și reguli gramaticale pentru a obține construcții purtătoare de sens. Faptul că vorbitorii intuiesc care șiruri de cuvinte sunt posibile și care nu ne demonstrează că avem o cunoaștere a priori a grupurilor de cuvinte dintr-o propoziție. Studierea acestei cunoașteri a priori ne permite să construim un model prin care să încercăm să explicăm de ce formulăm enunțuri gramaticale în mod natural și nu unele agramaticale. Limbajul figurat este caracteristic metaforelor, comparațiilor, proverbelor sau idiomurilor. Lucrarea de față își propune să trateze idiomurile, mai precis acele aspecte legate de diferite particularități gramaticale și agramaticale din structura idiomurilor.
Management of chordoma and chondrosarcoma with definitive dose-escalated single-fraction spine stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Ghia Amol J. , Tatsui Claudio E.
Published: October 2023

Join Journal of Neuro-Oncology Editory and Chief, Dr. Jason Sheehan, and Associate Editor, Dr. Randy D'Amico, for a conversation with Dr. Amol Ghia and Dr. Claudio Tatsui from MD Anderson Cancer Center to discuss their latest publication on the management of chordoma and chondrosarcoma with definitive dose-escalated single-fraction spine stereotactic radiosurgery.
Box–Behnken design to determine optimal fermentation conditions for apple-fortified mulberry wine using Saccharomyces bayanus
Authors: THUY Nguyen Minh , TIEN Vo Quoc , GIAU Tran Ngoc , HAO Hong Van , THANH Nguyen Van , THANH Nguyen Ngoc , TAI Ngo Van , DANG Pham Cam , MINH Vo Quang
Published: October 2023

Wine is a fermented product of fruit juice. Mulberry and apple juice can also be used to produce wine. Several factors influence the alcoholic fermentation of the must; therefore, the optimization of the mulberry wine fermentation conditions with the dry yeast strain Saccharomyces bayanus (concentration varied from 0.15 to 0.25 g/L), fermentation conditions as pH value (from 3.5 to 4.5), and total soluble solid (TSS) content (24–28°Brix) were performed in this study. To evaluate the influence of these factors, a Box–Behnken design was used to minimize the number of factor combinations required, which allows the determination of optimal fermentation conditions (pH, TSS content, and dry yeast concentration) to produce wines with high alcohol and bioactive compounds (total anthocyanin (TAC) and polyphenol content (TPC)). Based on the analysis of experimental data, the second-order response surface models were developed to describe the relationship between initial pH value, TSS, and dry yeast concentration on wine quality acquisition (ethanol content and bioactive compounds). The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the model setup by response surface quadratic regression was suitable for predicting the wine quality. It was observed that the quality of the apple-fortified mulberry wine was significantly affected by all variables. The optimal contents of ethanol, total anthocyanin, and total polyphenol were achieved at 12.97% (v/v), 171.85 mg/L, and 87.17 mgGAE/L, respectively, when fermented in juice medium with optimal values of pH, TSS, and yeast concentration of 3.9, 26°Brix, and 0.22 g/L, respectively.
Chemical composition, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and inhibitor alpha-glucosidase enzyme of Sargassum sp.
Authors: DIHARMI Andarini , EDISON EDISON , PRIDA Elsa A , SUBARYONO SUBARYONO , HIDAYAT Taufik
Published: October 2023

Sargassum sp. has the potential to be a source of bioactive components. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity of Sargassum sp. extract. The exploratory research method involved extracting Sargassum sp. for 72 h using solvents of different polarities. The chemical composition of Sargassum sp. was analyzed using parameter analysis as well as the identification of phytochemicals and total phenolics. Antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH method as well as inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme activity. The chemical composition of Sargassum sp. was found to be 15.67, 17.56, 13.46, 0.6, 57.82, and 13.62% moisture content, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrates (by difference), and total crude fiber, respectively. The bioactive compounds of Sargassum sp. include saponins and phenolic compounds that were extracted with methanol (617.778 GAE/100 g) and ethyl acetate (309.55 GAE/100 g). The antioxidant activity with IC50 value of Sargassum sp. extract successively extracted 648.33 mg/mL of methanol, 864.22 mg/mL of ethyl acetate, and 884 mg/mL of n-hexane. Sargassum sp. extract inhibited the activity of α-glucosidase enzyme methanol extract (9.44–0.35%), n-hexane extract (11.72–0.46%), and ethyl acetate did not. Except for the ethyl-acetate extract, Sargassum sp. extract has antioxidant and enzyme α-glucosidase inhibitor properties.
Promising essential oil plant species of the Celery family Apiaceae in the flora of Adyghea
Authors: Панеш О.А. , Чернявская И.В. , Читао С.И.
Published: October 2023

Рассматриваются перспективные эфиромасличные виды растений семейства Сельдерейные Республики Адыгея,урожай зеленой массы и выход эфирного масла. В процессе исследований как перспективные эфиромасличные были выявлены следующие виды: виснага морковевидная (Visnaga daucoides Gaertn),бедренец камнеломковый (Pimpinella saxifrage L.),дягиль аптечный (Archangelica officinalis Hoffm.), лазурник трехлопастный (Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh.),любисток лекарственный (Levisticum officinale Koch.),жабрица закавказская (Seseli transcaucasicum (S.) Pimenov & Sdobn.), фенхель обыкновенный (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Все изучаемые виды в процессе эксперимента показали хорошую адаптацию к условиям предгорной зоны Адыгеи, проявили высокую жизнеспособность, не повреждались болезнями. Наиболее мощного развития в местных условиях достигают виды: дягиль аптечный, фенхель обыкновенный и порезник закавказский. Данные растения рекомендованы эфиромасличному производству.

The article discusses promising essential oil plant species of the Celery family of the Republic of Adyghea, the yield of green mass and the yield of essential oil. While doing the research, the following species were identified as promising essential oil plants: Visnaga daucoides Gaertn, Pimpinella saxifrage L., Archangelica officinalis Hoffm., Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh., Levisticum officinale Koch., Seseli transcaucasicum (S.) Pimenov & Sdobn., Foeniculum vulgare Mill. During the experiment all the studied species showed good adaptation to the conditions of the foothill zone of Adyghea, showed high viability and did not suffer from any diseases.The most developed species in local conditions are Archangelica officinalis, Foeniculum vulgare and Seseli transcaucasicum. These plants are recommended for essential oil production.
Influence of Manager’s Age, Education Level and Negotiation Skills on SMEs Performance in Peru.
Authors: Fernandez-Malpartida Walter Miguel , Dextre-Beteta Carlos Fernando
Published: October 2023

It has been reported that small and medium-sized companies contribute to the reduction of poverty and the development of countries. Moreover, managers unique characteristics have also been analyzed to see their influence of firm performance. However, there has been inconclusive results, and this has been commonly studied in developed countries. Based on the literature review, an innovative theoretical model was established to determine the influence of age, level of education and negotiation skills of the manager on the performance of small and medium-sized companies in Peru. Managers’ negotiation abilities have been reported to be as a relevant factor for the success of a company in Peru. This study followed the post-positivist paradigm and quantitative approach. The population consisted of SMEs from different sectors in Lima-Peru. A probability sample group was chosen involving the managers from 215 SMEs. A five-point Likert scale questionnaire was designed based on the literature review which was piloted and validated by five experts. For data collection, participants were reached by telephone to respond the study survey. The data analysis was conducted using the descriptive reporting and the PLS-SEM structural equation modeling in order to test the significance and causal relationships from the tested variables. The results indicated that only manager’s negotiation skills positively influence SMEs performance in Peru.
Evaluation of a compassionate mind group for self-harming behaviour within a secondary mental health service
Authors: Lawson Amy
Published: October 2023

Objectives

This service evaluation study aimed to evaluate a pilot Compassionate mind (CM) group for self-harming behaviour with participants experiencing mental health difficulties who struggled with shame and self-criticism.

Methods

The study was a within-subjects design using pre and post measures for five participants attending a 20 session CM group in a community mental health setting. Validated self-report questionnaires were administered before and after the group intervention and evaluation feedback questionnaires were given at the end of the group.

Results

The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed rank test. There was a significant increase in ratings on the Self-compassion scale (SCS) (z=2.023 p<.043), a significant decrease in the depression (z=−2.032 p<.042), anxiety (z= −2.060 p<.039) and stress (z= −2.032 p<.042) subscales within the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS), a significant decrease in The Other as Shamer Scale (OAS) (z=−2.023 p<.043) and decreases in impairment in functioning as measured by the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) (z=−2.023 p<.043). There was also a significant increase in reassured self (z=2.032 p<.042) and significant decreases in the inadequate self (z=2.023 p<.043) and hated self (z=2.070 p< .043) domains on the Forms of Self-Criticising/Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale (FCSRS) and in the self-persecution (z= −2.023 p<.043) and self-correcting (z=−2.023 p<.042) domains on the Functions of Self-Criticising/Attacking Scale (FSCS). Results should be interpreted with caution given the small sample size.

Conclusions

This study provides preliminary evidence that the pilot CM group for self-harming behaviour has a beneficial impact for participants around reductions in shame and self-criticism and increases in self-compassion, resulting in reductions in self-harm. Limitations, recommendations for improvement and future research are discussed.
Enhancing the Robustness of a Three-Layer Security Electronic Voting System Using Kerberos Authentication
Authors: Nwogu Emeka Reginald , Ahiara Wilson Chukwuemeka , Aondohemba Peter Mathew
Published: October 2023

The rapid advancements in technology have spurred interest in electronic voting systems as a means to modernize and enhance the democratic electoral process. However, ensuring the security and integrity of electronic voting systems remains a critical challenge. In this study, we present a highly secure and efficient model for an electronic voting system, featuring a robust three-layer security architecture that includes the device authentication, user authentication and network security. The proposed system incorporates Kerberos authentication and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) to fortify device and user authentication. The segmentation of the system network into zones that includes the Virtual Private Network, the Public Network and the Demilitarized Zone also helps to mitigate potential cyber-attacks and fraudulent activities. Leveraging biometric security (fingerprint) and user tokens (voter's cards), the system ensures the accurate identification and authentication of voters, thereby enhancing the overall integrity of the voting process. Through a series of tests involving 500 enrolled users, the proposed electronic voting system demonstrated remarkable efficacy, achieving a 100 percent accuracy rate in ballot tallying. Having addressed key concerns related to security and transparency, the proposed voting system has the potential to instil trust and confidence in electoral processes.
Fog Computing in the Industrial Internet of Things: Challenges, Trends, and Strategies
Authors:   Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES), Ecuador, Yacelga Andres Leon ,   Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES), Ecuador,   Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES), Ecuador, Arevalo Nelson B. , Zambrano Luis Albarracin
Published: October 2023

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has ushered in a new era of connectivity and intelligence in industrial settings. At the heart of this transformative landscape lies Fog Computing, a distributed computing paradigm that brings processing power and intelligence closer to the edge of industrial networks. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of Fog Computing's pivotal role in IIoT, elucidating its significance, challenges, emerging trends, and strategies for successful implementation. We delve into the challenges that industrial environments present for Fog Computing, encompassing issues such as scalability, cybersecurity, data management, and interoperability. Strategies for mitigating these challenges are explored, ranging from efficient resource management to robust cybersecurity measures. Furthermore, we investigate recent developments and innovations in Fog Computing, including the integration of Edge AI, 5G networks, and hybrid cloud-fog architectures, shaping the landscape of IIoT. Promising research areas and opportunities are identified, with a focus on optimizing edge AI, secure data sharing, and sustainable Fog Computing practices.
Die Form der Sklera und ihre Korrelation mit topograﬁschen Parametern der Hornhaut
Authors: Fadel Daddi , Consejo Alejandra
Published: October 2023

Purpose. This review paper aims to summarize the outcomes of the diﬀerent studies investigating the correlation between corneal and scleral proﬁles, outline the relationship between corneal and scleral curvatures and asymmetry, and describe the correlation between corneal astigmatism and scleral toricity in regular and irregular corneas. Material and Methods. Literature was reviewed from PubMed. A total of 48 articles were speciﬁcally selected for the current study. Results. The scleral and corneal radii are directly correlated; the greater the corneal radius, the larger the scleral radius. The cornea and sclera become gradually flatter and asym- metric as the distance from the corneal optical line increases. Similar to the central cornea, the limbal area is more likely to be spherical. The horizontal asymmetry between the nasal and temporal areas is greater than the vertical asymmetry, with the nasal region of the ocular surface being the flattest. In eyes with keratoconus, the sclera is steeper, more asym- metric, and irregular. Cone decentration predicts asymmetric sclera. Corneal and scleral toricity are more likely correlated when corneal astigmatism is greater than 2.00 D. Conclusion. Some correlations were found between corneal and scleral topography; however, performing both corneal and scleral topography are necessary when ﬁtting contact lenses. Further investigation is needed with larger groups matched in age, refractive error, and biometry and comparing smaller or steepest eyes (i.e., Asiatic population) with larger or flatter eyes. It would also be interesting to compare such correlations in primary and secondary ectasia, investigating whether the scleral shape changes in secondary ectasia. Keywords Corneal topography, scleral proﬁle, ocular surface asymmetry, proﬁlometry, ocular surface radii, contact lens ﬁtting
Unraveling COVID-19: A Global Health Crisis and Ongoing Research
Authors: Alam Osama , Ahmad Muhammad , Qureshi Munib , Gul Marina , Khan Naveed , Samad Abdul , Khan Zewran , Atiq Syed , Iqbal Arsalan , Ullah Asim
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic, sparked by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has triggered an unparalleled global health crisis with far-reaching consequences. SARS-CoV-2 primarily spreads through respiratory droplets, utilizing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in the respiratory system for cellular entry and replication, underscoring the critical need for preventive measures. The emergence of worrisome mutations has led to the development of more transmissible variants, heightening the virus's potential impact. Diagnostic testing, including reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), antigen detection, and serology, plays a pivotal role in identifying. COVID-19 diagnostic tests include the ABBOTT ID NOW™ COVID-19 test (95% sensitivity and 100% specificity), the COBAS® SARS-CoV-2 test (98.8% sensitivity and 99% specificity), the SOFIA® 2 SARS ANTIGEN FIA test (91.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity), the XPERT® XPRESS SARS-CoV-2 test (95.4% sensitivity and 97% specificity), and the ACCULA SARS-CoV-2 test (98% sensitivity and 100% specificity). While vaccines include the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (95% efficacy), Moderna vaccine (94.10% efficacy), Johnson & Johnson vaccine (66% efficacy), Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine (76% efficacy), Sinovac vaccine (50.38% efficacy), Sinopharm vaccine (79% efficacy), Bharat Biotech (Covaxin) vaccine (81% efficacy), Sputnik V vaccine (91.60% efficacy), Novavax vaccine (96.4% efficacy), and Covovax vaccine (100% efficacy). The COVID-19 pandemic underscores the ongoing necessity for global cooperation among scientific and medical communities to understand this emerging pathogen, mitigate health impacts, and advance long-term solutions through continuous therapeutic and vaccine research.
Caesar Saloma: Promoter of Philippine scientific culture (scientist, mentor, leader)
Authors: Legara Erika Fille
Published: October 2023

These are the inspiring words of a remarkable Filipino physicist named Caesar A. Saloma. His research work in photonics, signal processing and complex systems have been carried out primarily with students and colleagues in the University of the Philippines Diliman. He has been able to demonstrate that a scientist could succeed in the Philippines despite prevailing unfavorable conditions. T Dr. Saloma is a professor at the National Institute of Physics (NIP), University of the Philippines. He obtained his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees from the University of the Philippines in 1981, 1984, and 1989, respectively. He was appointed to the highest rank of Scientist III by the UP System in 2006 (one of three issued) and re-appointed in 2009 (one of two issued).
Optimal Capital Structure for Firm Performance: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Mullick Mohammad Asif Rahman
Published: October 2023

The capital structure of a firm, comprising the mix of debt and equity used to fund its operations and growth, stands as a critical determinant of its financial health, risk exposure, and overall performance. Achieving an optimal capital structure necessitates a delicate equilibrium between debt and equity, with the aim of maximizing shareholder value while mitigating financial risks. This publication provides an exhaustive exploration of the theoretical foundations, empirical validations, and practical implications of optimal capital structure. Drawing upon the Modigliani-Miller theorem, a cornerstone in capital structure theory, we examine the conditions under which a firm's value is presumed to be independent of its capital structure. We delve into the Trade-off Theory, which posits that firms strike a balance between the advantages of debt, such as tax benefits and lower costs of capital, and the associated costs, including financial distress and agency conflicts. Moreover, our study synthesizes a wealth of empirical research that substantiates the profound influence of capital structure decisions on firm performance. Through rigorous analysis of capital structure ratios vis-à- vis financial metrics, we demonstrate the tangible impact on returns on assets and equity. Additionally, we explore industry-specific dynamics and market conditions that sculpt the optimal capital structure for firms across diverse sectors. Furthermore, our research identifies and scrutinizes key factors shaping optimal capital structures, including distinctive industry characteristics and the prevailing economic landscape. We elucidate how capital intensity, risk tolerance, and access to debt markets shape financing strategies. In tandem, we discern the salient influence of market fluctuations, interest rate environments, and credit market stability on capital structure preferences. In order to empower firms in the pursuit of optimal capital structures, we proffer a set of actionable strategies. From dynamic capital structure management that accounts for evolving market dynamics, to robust risk mitigation through diversified funding sources and hedging strategies, our recommendations provide a roadmap for prudent financial decision-making. Moreover, we emphasize the pivotal role of transparent and effective communication with stakeholders, ensuring alignment with the firm's strategic objectives.
Russian-Bashkir schools in the Orenburg Province in the post-reform period
Authors: Lyubichankovskiy Sergey V.
Published: October 2023

The paper analyzes the number, composition and major problems in the work of Russian-Bashkir schools in the Orenburg province in the second half of the 19th early 20th centuries The analysis has been carried out on the basis of unpublished sources from the funds of the Joint State Archive of the Orenburg Region and published sources of zemsky records, as well as a number of scientific and journalistic works of the post-reform period. The connection between the development of this segment of the educational system and the theoretical study of the Bashkir language by Russian linguists is shown. The author has come to the conclusion that with time the priority in the system of Russian-Bashkir schools in the Orenburg province was the full development of their graduates in the Russian language, which required, paradoxically enough, more attention to the study of their native (Bashkir) language. The paper proves that the Congress of directors and inspectors of national schools of the Orenburg school district, which took place in Ufa in 1912, initiated a reform of the Russian-Bashkir non-Russian educational system aimed at the integration of teaching in Russian and Bashkir languages within the single curriculum. It is shown that since the establishment of the Orenburg zemstvo in 1913 the issues of non-Russian education were in the focus of its attention. The study also shows the resistance to the processes of Tatarization in Russian-Bashkir schools at the level of regional administration of the system of non-Russian education.
Pedagogical support for achieving subject educational results in the context of digitalization
Authors: Yusupova Olga V. , Galimullina Elvira Z.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the organization of schoolchildrens education in a digital educational environment and the achievement of subject educational results by them, the main mechanism of which is pedagogical support. The article provides an analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature in the field of defining and substantiating the content of pedagogical support. The main ideas and approaches of domestic scientists to the problem of pedagogical support are considered, its structure is considered, the content of pedagogical support is substantiated in solving learning problems in the context of digitalization of education. Under the pedagogical support for the achievement of subject educational results by schoolchildren in a digital educational environment, the authors understand the totality of resources and conditions aimed at enhancing the cognitive activity of students to ensure the effectiveness of the educational process. The authors include digital educational and methodological support, hardware, software, learning management systems; to the conditions the readiness of the teacher to create a digital educational environment in the subject and work in it, a set of didactic conditions that contribute to the achievement of subject educational results by schoolchildren in a digital educational environment. As a result, the authors propose a theoretically substantiated content of pedagogical support for the process of achieving subject educational results by schoolchildren in a digital educational environment.
Volume and Surface of the Hypersphere
Authors: Negulescu Vlad L.
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a simply method to calculate the volume and the surface of a hypersphere, and is mainly addressed to students who study physics or engineering. The basic knowledges of geometry and mathematical analysis are sufficient to understand the material presented below.
Scoping the Mediating Role of Corporate Governance on the Relationship Between Sustainability and Financial Performance of Firms
Authors: Bajwa Muhammad Moaz Tariq , Wood Michael O. , Rus Horatiu
Published: October 2023

Corporate sustainability is becoming pervasive, resulting in the intertwining of governance mechanisms at the organizational level, which is ultimately responsible for sustainability and the financial performance of firms. The objective of this study is to systematically document the extent to which various corporate governance mechanisms mediate the relationship between sustainability and the financial performance of firms. Following a scoping review approach, this paper analyzes a final sample of 91 studies for the period 2016–2022. Drawing from the cluster analysis technique, this paper identifies three focus areas: 1) board-level governance, 2) operational-level governance, and 3) assurance-level governance. The results suggest that these governance mechanisms have become increasingly significant for firm performance. In addition to consolidating the existing knowledge and frameworks in which governance and sustainability research intersect, the findings yield policy implications for firms seeking to integrate sustainability into their operations. This study contributes to the literature by being the first of its kind to systematically document the mediating role of governance on the relationship between sustainability and the financial performance of firms. It concludes that though existing literature provides a good overview of emerging governance strategies in relation to firm performance, there is a need for more deductive evidence in the literature.
De aanpak van conversiehandelingen: meerwaarde van een aparte strafbaarstelling?
Authors: Postma L. (Liselotte)
Published: October 2023

De aanpak van conversiehandelingen: meerwaarde van een aparte strafbaarstelling?

Deze bijdrage vormt een verkenning van de meerwaarde van (aparte) strafbaarstelling van conversietherapie. Achtereenvolgens komen de ontwikkelingen die hebben geleid tot het indienen van het recente initiatiefwetsvoorstel tot strafbaarstelling van conversietherapie, de kernpunten van het wetsvoorstel, het verbod op conversietherapie in verhouding tot grondrechten en enkele delicten die wellicht reeds mogelijkheden bieden om conversietherapie te vervolgen, aan bod. Voorts volgt een verkenning van argumenten voor- en tegen aparte strafbaarstelling van conversietherapie. De conclusie luidt dat de wens om conversiehandelingen strafbaar te stellen sympathiek en logisch is, maar dat aparte strafbaarstelling van conversiehandelingen niet de meest aangewezen route lijkt.
Ergonomic Environmental Relations with Occurrence of Work Accidents in Hisara Bali Garment Factory Garment Workers
Authors: Biomi Agnes Ayu , Prihastini Komang Angga , Swandewi Ni Putu Diana
Published: October 2023

Industrialization in Indonesia supports the use of technology, equipment, machines and various materials to produce good products or services in order to compete in the market. However, along with these progress and developments, it triggers various Occupational Safety and Health (K3) problems, such as increasing sources of danger, increasing potential hazards, risk of illness and accidents due to work. So this research was conducted to obtain the relationship between the ergonomics environment and the occurrence of work accidents in garment workers at Hisara Bali Garment Factory. The design of this research is descriptive qualitative research. The sample of this research is all garment workers at Hisara Bali Garment Factory, totaling 25 people because it uses total sampling. Data was collected by giving questionnaires and data analysis was done by Univariate analysis and Bivariate analysis using Chi-Square test. The results showed that there is a relationship between the ergonomics environment and the occurrence of work accidents, so it is necessary to improve the ergonomic environment in order to minimize the occurrence of work accidents at Hisara Bali Garment Factory.
Improvement of specific capacity of lithium iron phosphate battery by increasing the surface area and electrical conductivity of cathode electrode using graphene foam
Authors: KOKMAT Phurida , MATSAYAMAT Patiphat , WONGRACH Kunaree , SURINLERT Piyaporn , RUAMMAITREE Akkawat
Published: October 2023

Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) is widely used as an active material in a cathode electrode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). LFP has many remarkable properties such as high working voltage and excellent thermal stability. However, it suffers with slow ion diffusion and low electrical conductivity. Graphene foam has many outstanding properties such as large surface area and great electrical conductivity. These properties are suitable for improving the cathode electrode. In this work, the graphene foam was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. The cathode electrode was prepared by dropping the LFP on the graphene foam. We found that the specific capacity of battery which contained the LFP between the anode and the graphene foam (LFP/GF) was 23.1 mAh⸳g-1 at 3C, while the specific capacity of battery which contained the graphene foam between the anode and the LFP (GF/LFP) was 112.6 mAh⸳g-1 at 3C. The diffusion coefficients of Li+ of GF/LFP was 9.1 times higher than that of LFP/GF. The specific capacity of GF/LFP was higher than that of LFP/GF at high current density due to the high ion transfer rate which arises from the graphene foam.