bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A well-defined dual Mn-site based metal–organic framework to promote CO2reduction/evolution in Li–CO2batteries
Authors: Dong Long-Zhang , Zhang Yu , Lu Yun-Feng , Zhang Lei , Huang Xin , Wang Jian-Hui , Liu Jiang , Li Shun-Li , Lan Ya-Qian
Published: August 2021

The metal–organic framework MnTPzP-Mn with a well-defined structure and dual Mn-sites achieves effective CO2reduction and Li2CO3decomposition to provide new insights for revealing the catalytically active sites in an aprotic Li–CO2battery system.
Photocatalytic intermolecular carboarylation of alkenes by selective C–O bond cleavage of diarylethers
Authors: Ji Meishan , Chang Chenyang , Wu Xinxin , Zhu Chen
Published: August 2021

Disclosed herein is a novel radical-mediated intermolecular carboarylation of alkenes by cleaving inert C–O bonds.
Spacing prior to decorating TiO2 nanowires with dewetted Au nanoparticles for boosting photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Cai Yun , Yuan Fengyu , Li Fan , Kang Huihui , Xue Daxiang , Huo Siping , Yu Fengjiao , Fang Jun , Yang Yang
Published: August 2021

Dewetted Au nanoparticles are used as masks to space out TiO2 nanowires, which restrict the planar coalescence of nanowires and favor the successive decoration of Au nanoparticles by dewetting, thus boosting the PEC water oxidation performance.
Influence of the terminal group on the thermal decomposition reactions of carboxylic acids on copper: nature of the carbonaceous film
Authors: Bavisotto Robert , Rana Resham , Hopper Nicholas , Hou Kaiming , Tysoe Wilfred T.
Published: August 2021

The effect of the terminal groups on the nature of the films formed by the thermal decomposition of carboxylic acids on copper is studied in ultrahigh vacuum using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES).
Orange fruit (Citrus sinensis) peel extract attenuates chemotherapy-induced toxicity in male rats
Authors: Abdelghffar Eman A. , El-Nashar Heba A. S. , AL-Mohammadi Ameera G. A. , Eldahshan Omayma A.
Published: August 2021

Efficient chemoprotective activity of OFPE against CYP-induced toxicity in male rats.
The impact of the physical form of torularhodin on its metabolic fate in the gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Li Xingming , He qian , Zhang Genyi
Published: August 2021

Torularhodin is a fungal carotenoid with multiple health benefits.
Hepatoprotective effects of ginsenoside Rk3 in acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice by activation of autophagy
Authors: Qu Linlin , Fu Rongzhan , Ma Xiaoxuan , Fan Daidi
Published: August 2021

Ginsenoside Rk3 protect against APAP induced liver injury in mice by activation of autophagy.
Preparation of non-isocyanate polyurethanes from epoxy soybean oil: dual dynamic networks to realize self-healing and reprocessing under mild conditions
Authors: Yang Xinxin , Wang Shibo , Liu Xiuxiu , Huang Zhen , Huang Xujuan , Xu Xu , Liu He , Wang Dan , Shang Shibin
Published: August 2021

This work introduces dual dynamic covalent bonds in the network of a non-isocyanate polyurethane prepared using a cyclic carbonate derived from CO2 to realize self-healing and reprocessing at a low temperature (50 °C) or under UV light.
Flame-retardant MXene/polyimide film with outstanding thermal and mechanical properties based on the secondary orientation strategy
Authors: Zhu Yue , Zhao Xingbin , Peng Qingyu , Zheng Haowen , Xue Fuhua , Li Pengyang , Xu Zhonghai , He Xiaodong
Published: August 2021

A three-dimensional foam is fabricated to enhance the interfacial interaction between adjacent MXene sheets and polyimide (PI) macromolecules; then a composite film with a dense and well-ordered layer-by-layer structure, good flexibility and flame retardancy is produced.
Oriented attachment induced morphology modulation of ZnO nanoparticles at low temperature using KOH as a morphology controller
Authors: Mukherjee Sumit , Pramanik Subhamay , Das Sandip , Chakraborty Subhabrata , Mondal Shyamal , Ghosh Tatan , Nath Rajib , Kuiri Probodh K.
Published: August 2021

Oriented attachment induced shape transition of ZnO nanoparticles from nanosphere to nanorod. The shape of the nanoparticles is controlled by the concentration of KOH.
Green and facile preparation and dual-enhancement cytotoxicity of eupatilin loaded on hollow gold nanoparticles under near-infrared light
Authors: Sun Yi-wei , Liang Hui , Zong Kun-qi , Che Xin , Meng Da-li
Published: August 2021

Using NIR irradiation, gold nanomaterials loaded with natural products can achieve targeted release as well as better anti-tumor activity.
Application of reduced graphene oxide-based actuators for real-time chemical sensing of liquid and vapour phase contaminants
Authors: Neog Arindom Bikash , Gogoi Raj Kumar , Deka Priyamjeet , Konch Tukhar Jyoti , Bora Barsha Rani , Raidongia Kalyan
Published: August 2021

The possibility of employing responsive materials for the in situ detection of chemical contaminants in the liquid phase is demonstrated here.
Design nanoporous metal thin films via solid state interfacial dealloying
Authors: Zhao Chonghang , Kisslinger Kim , Huang Xiaojing , Bai Jianming , Liu Xiaoyang , Lin Cheng-Hung , Yu Lin-Chieh , Lu Ming , Tong Xiao , Zhong Hui , Pattammattel Ajith , Yan Hanfei , Chu Yong , Ghose Sanjit , Liu Mingzhao , Chen-Wiegart Yu-chen Karen
Published: August 2021

Thin-film solid-state interfacial dealloying creates nanoarchitectures with small features. The work advances in design principles and highlights a multimodal and multiscale approach to reveal the morphological, chemical, and structural evolution.
Metabolomic analysis of exosomal-markers in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Qingfu , Huang Liu , Yang Qinsi , Ao Zheng , Yang Rui , Krzesniak Jonathan , Lou Doudou , Hu Liang , Dai Xiaodan , Guo Feng , Liu Fei
Published: August 2021

We report a targeted metabolomic analysis of plasma exosomes isolated from clinical samples of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients, highlighting the potential of metabolome signatures of exosomes in cancer diagnosis and biomarker discovery.
Performance and mechanisms for V(v) bio-reduction by straw: key influencing factors
Authors: Hao Liting , He Yuanyuan , Shi Chen , Hao Xiaodi
Published: August 2021

The influencing factors and mechanisms of microbial vanadium(v) reduction using straw were investigated.
Tuning the charge carrier mobility in few-layer PtSe2films by Se : Pt ratio
Authors: Hrdá Jana , Tašková Valéria , Vojteková Tatiana , Slušná Lenka Pribusová , Dobročka Edmund , Píš Igor , Bondino Federica , Hulman Martin , Sojková Michaela
Published: August 2021

This work presents the fabrication of horizontally aligned PtSe2films using one-zone selenization of pre-deposited platinum layers. We have identified the Se : Pt ratio as a parameter controlling the charge carrier mobility in the thin films.
Architecture of a multi-channel and easy-to-make microfluidic paper-based colorimetric device (μPCD) towards selective and sensitive recognition of uric acid by AuNPs: an innovative portable tool for the rapid and low-cost identification of clinically relevant biomolecules
Authors: Farshchi Fatemeh , Saadati Arezoo , Hasanzadeh Mohammad , Seidi Farzad
Published: August 2021

A portable microfluidic paper-based colorimetric sensor based on various type of gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) for the monitoring of UA was developed.
Quasi-square-shaped cadmium hydroxide nanocatalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction with high efficiency
Authors: Chen Chunjun , Yan Xupeng , Wu Ruizhi , Wu Yahui , Zhu Qinggong , Hou Minqiang , Zhang Zhaofu , Fan Honglei , Ma Jun , Huang Yuying , Ma Jingyuan , Sun Xiaofu , Lin Longfei , Liu Shoujie , Han Buxing
Published: August 2021

Quasi-square cadmium hydroxide nanocrystals (Cdhy-QS) showed outstanding performance for electroreduction CO2 to CO.
Renewable N-doped microporous carbons from walnut shells for CO2 capture and conversion
Authors: Shao Xianzhao , Zhang Yujia , Miao Xinyi , Wang Wei , Liu Zhifeng , Liu Quan , Zhang Tianlei , Ji Jianwei , Ji Xiaohui
Published: August 2021

The development of advanced porous carbon-based materials is a burgeoning field, especially for CO2 capture and utilization.
Per aspera ad chaos: a personal journey to the wonderland of intrinsic disorder
Authors: Uversky Vladimir N.
Published: August 2021

This perspective article describes some of the key points of my personal journey through the intriguing world of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). It also shows the evolution of my perception of functional proteins from a standard lock-and-key theory, where a unique function is defined by a unique 3D structure, to the structure–function continuum model, where the structural heterogeneity and conformational plasticity of IDPs define their remarkable multifunctionality and binding promiscuity. These personal accounts of the difficult and lengthy transition from order to disorder paralleled the uneasy and challenging transition in the mind of the scientific community from disbelief in intrinsic disorder to acceptance of IDPs as real entities that play critical biological roles. I hope that this perspective will be of interest to the readers of this journal.
Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia: the emerging role of 20-HETE
Authors: Gonzalez-Fernandez Ezekiel , Liu Yedan , Auchus Alexander P. , Fan Fan , Roman Richard J.
Published: August 2021

The accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) and intracellular hyperphosphorylated τ proteins in the brain are the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Much of the research into the pathogenesis of AD has focused on the amyloid or τ hypothesis. These hypotheses propose that Aβ or τ aggregation is the inciting event in AD that leads to downstream neurodegeneration, inflammation, brain atrophy and cognitive impairment. Multiple drugs have been developed and are effective in preventing the accumulation and/or clearing of Aβ or τ proteins. However, clinical trials examining these therapeutic agents have failed to show efficacy in preventing or slowing the progression of the disease. Thus, there is a need for fresh perspectives and the evaluation of alternative therapeutic targets in this field. Epidemiology studies have revealed significant overlap between cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis and stroke to the development of cognitive impairment. This strong correlation has given birth to a renewed focus on vascular contributions to AD and related dementias. However, few genes and mechanisms have been identified. 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) is a potent vasoconstrictor that plays a complex role in hypertension, autoregulation of cerebral blood flow and blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Multiple human genome-wide association studies have linked mutations in the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A (CYP4A) genes that produce 20-HETE to hypertension and stroke. Most recently, genetic variants in the enzymes that produce 20-HETE have also been linked to AD in human population studies. This review examines the emerging role of 20-HETE in AD and related dementias.
A distributed data‐driven modelling framework for power flow estimation in power distribution systems
Authors: Dharmawardena Hasala , Venayagamoorthy Ganesh K.
Published: August 2021

The power distribution system has increasing importance and complexity as a result of the exponential growth in the adoption of smart grid technologies. The ability to model the power distribution system is critical to ensure a smooth transition to a sustainable power system. This study presents a distributed data‐driven framework based on Cellular Computational Networks (CCN) for power distribution system modelling where the CCN framework facilitates for system decomposition. The learning in CCN is distributed and asynchronous, thus adaptive models can be developed. The computational engine of the CCN cells is based on data‐driven, physics‐driven, or a hybrid approach. The CCN‐based distribution system modelling secures the privacy and security of the sensitive utility information, thus allowing third‐party application providers access to system models and behaviours. The application of a CCN‐based power flow model is illustrated on a modified IEEE 34 test system. Typical results show the suitability of the new approach in modelling the sample distribution system, as well as its enhanced performance when compared with the centralised modelling approach.
Subcutaneous sweat pore estimation from optical coherence tomography
Authors: Ding Baojin , Wang Haixia , Chen Peng , Zhang Yilong , Liang Ronghua , Liu Yipeng
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Sweat pore, one of the level 3 features of fingerprint, has attracted much attention in fingerprint recognition. Traditional sweat pores on surface fingerprint are unclear or blurred when fingers are stained or damaged. Subcutaneous sweat pores, as cross section of the sweat glands, are resistant to external interferences. With 3D fingertip information measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT), the subcutaneous sweat pore estimation from OCT volume data is investigated. First, an adaptive subcutaneous pore image reconstruction method is proposed. It utilizes the skin surface and viable epidermis junction as reference and realizes depth‐adaptive pore image reconstruction. Second, a dilated U‐Net combining the U‐Net with dilated convolution is proposed for subcutaneous sweat pore extraction, which can prevent information loss of sweat pores caused by downsampling. To the best knowledge, it is the first time that subcutaneous sweat pore extraction is investigated and proposed. Experiments on subcutaneous pore image reconstruction and sweat pore extraction are both conducted. The qualitative and quantitative results show that the proposed adaptive method performs better in subcutaneous pore image reconstruction compared with the fix‐depth method, and the dilated U‐Net outperforms other methods on subcutaneous sweat pore extraction.
The BINGO project
Authors: Liccardo Vincenzo , de Mericia Eduardo J. , Wuensche Carlos A. , Abdalla Elcio , Abdalla Filipe B. , Barosi Luciano , Brito Francisco A. , Queiroz Amilcar , Villela Thyrso , Peel Michael W. , Wang Bin , Costa Andre A. , Ferreira Elisa G. M. , Fornazier Karin S. F. , Novaes Camila P. , Santos Larissa , dos Santos Marcelo V. , Remazeilles Mathieu , Zhang Jiajun , Dickinson Clive , Harper Stuart , Landim Ricardo G. , Marins Alessandro , Vieira Frederico
Published: August 2021

Aims.The large-scale distribution of neutral hydrogen (H I) in the Universe is luminous through its 21 cm emission. The goal of the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations (BINGO) radio telescope is to detect baryon acoustic oscillations at radio frequencies through 21 cm intensity mapping (IM). The telescope will span the redshift range 0.127 < z < 0.449 with an instantaneous field-of-view of 14.75° ×6.0°.

Methods.In this work we investigate different constructive and operational scenarios of the instrument by generating sky maps as they would be produced by the instrument. In doing this we use a set of end-to-end IM mission simulations. The maps will additionally be used to evaluate the efficiency of a component separation method (GNILC).

Results.We have simulated the kind of data that would be produced in a single-dish IM experiment such as BINGO. According to the results obtained, we have optimized the focal plane design of the telescope. In addition, the application of theGNILCmethod on simulated data shows that it is feasible to extract the cosmological signal across a wide range of multipoles and redshifts. The results are comparable with the standard principal component analysis method.
Generation of interplanetary type II radio emission
Authors: Jebaraj I. C. , Kouloumvakos A. , Magdalenic J. , Rouillard A. P. , Mann G. , Krupar V. , Poedts S.
Published: August 2021

Context.Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are eruptive phenomena that can accelerate energetic particles and drive shock waves. The CME-driven shocks propagate from the low corona to interplanetary space. The radio emission that results from fast electrons energised by shock waves are called type II bursts. This radio emission can provide information on the physical properties of the shock and its evolution as it travels through the corona and interplanetary space.

Aims.We present a comprehensive analysis of the shock wave associated with two type II radio bursts observed on 27 September 2012. The aim of the study is to isolate and understand the shock wave properties necessary for accelerating electrons, leading to the production of the radio emission.

Methods.First, we modelled the 3D expansion of the shock wave by exploiting multi-viewpoint reconstruction techniques based on extreme ultraviolet imaging. The physical properties of the shock front were then deduced by comparing the triangulated 3D expansion with properties of the background corona provided by a 3D magnetohydrodynamic model. The radio triangulation technique provided the location of radio source on the surface of the modelled wave in order to compare radio sources with the shock properties.

Results.This study is focused on the temporal evolution of the shock wave parameters and their role in the generation of radio emission. Results show a close relationship between the shock wave strength and its geometry. We deduce from this analysis that there may be several mechanisms at play that generally contribute to the generation of radio emission.

Conclusions.The comparison between the reconstructed sources of radio emission and the ambient shock wave characteristics reveals the complex relationship between shock parameters and show how they can influence the morphology of the observed type II radio emission.
Polar dust obscuration in broad-line active galaxies from the XMM-XXL field
Authors: Buat V. , Mountrichas G. , Yang G. , Boquien M. , Roehlly Y. , Burgarella D. , Stalevski M. , Ciesla L. , Theulé P.
Published: August 2021

Aims. Dust is observed in the polar regions of nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN) and it is known to contribute substantially to their mid-IR emission and to the obscuration of their UV to optical emission. We aim to carry out a statistical test to check whether this component is a common feature based on an analysis of the integrated spectral energy distributions of these composite sources.

Methods. We selected a sample of 1275 broad-line AGN in the XMM-XXL field, with optical to infrared photometric data. These AGN are seen along their polar direction and we expect a maximal impact of dust located around the poles when it is present. We used X-CIGALE, which introduces a dust component to account for obscuration along the polar directions, modeled as a foreground screen, and an extinction curve that is chosen as it steepens significantly at short wavelengths or is much grayer. By comparing the results of different fits, we are able to define subsamples of sources with positive statistical evidence in favor of or against polar obscuration (if present) and described using the gray or steep extinction curve.

Results. We find a similar fraction of sources with positive evidence for and against polar dust. Applying statistical corrections, we estimate that half of our sample could contain polar dust and among them, 60% exhibit a steep extinction curve and 40% a flat extinction curve; although these latter percentages are found to depend on the adopted extinction curves. The obscuration in the V-band is not found to correlate with the X-ray column density, while AV/NH ratios span a large range of values and higher dust temperatures are found with the flat, rather than with the steep extinction curve. Ignoring this polar dust component in the fit of the spectral energy distribution of these composite systems leads to an overestimation of the stellar contribution. A single fit with a polar dust component described with an SMC extinction curve efficiently overcomes this issue but it fails at identifying all the AGN with polar dust obscuration.
Der Einsatz von Einmalendoskopen in der Endoskopie – rechnet sich das?
Authors: Ellrichmann Mark
Published: August 2021

Wie in diversen Fallberichten und prospektiven Studien beschrieben, stellen flexible Endoskopien einen potenziellen Risikofaktor für klinisch relevante Infektionen dar. Bei den Übertragungswegen sind dabei endogene Infektionen, ausgelöst durch eine Verschleppung der körpereigenen Mikroorganismen des jeweiligen Patienten, von exogenen Infektionen, die durch eine Übertragung von kontaminiertem Material oder Endoskopen entstehen, zu unterscheiden. Um das Problem der steigenden Zahl bekannter, exogener Infektionen zu minimieren, wurden von der Industrie Einmalendoskope entwickelt und für den klinischen Einsatz zertifiziert. Einmalbronchoskope sind bereits seit Jahren Bestandteil der klinischen Routineversorgung, Einmalduodenoskope wurden erst kürzlich zugelassen.

Die Nutzung von Einmalendoskopen stellt vordergründig eine finanzielle Mehrbelastung des Gesundheitssystems dar. Bei genauer Betrachtung ist aber bereits jetzt für die Einmalbronchoskope die Schwelle der Kosteneffektivität erreicht. Bei der Nutzung von Einmalduodenoskopen sind neben den reinen Sachkosten der Endoskope, insbesondere die vermeidbaren Kosten klinische relevanter Infektionen wie verlängerter Krankenhausaufenthalt, intensivmedizinische Behandlung und Folgeeingriffe in der Gesamtkalkulation zu berücksichtigen.

Unabhängig von betriebs- und volkswirtschaftlichen Überlegungen steht die Patientensicherheit im Zentrum pflegerischen und ärztlichen Handelns, was den zukünftigen Einsatz von Einmalendoskopen steigern wird.

Im folgenden Artikel werden die klinischen Einsatzmöglichkeiten sowie die Kosten von Einmalbronchoskopen und Einmalduodenoskopen genauer erörtert.
Can NFL Combine Results be Used to Estimate NFL Defensive Players Longevity?
Authors: Pollock Jordan Riley , Doan Matthew K. , Asprey Walker L. , Dulle Donald L. , Moore M. Lane , Makovicka Justin L. , Hassebrock Jeffrey D. , Foley Brittany M. , Chhabra Anikar
Published: August 2021

The National Football League Scouting Combine is an annual event held to evaluate football players. The results of the combine are used to identify talent and player potential. Our study aims to examine the relationship between combine drill performance (e.g., speed, power, agility, explosiveness) and career longevity. We performed a retrospective review of The National Football League combine test results for all defensive players from 2005–2015 to determine the association of each player’s combine test results with career longevity. The position that had the most significant associations for 1-year status was linebackers, with weight, 10-yard dash, 20-yard dash, 40-yard dash, broad jump, 3-cone drill, and shuttle being significantly associated with 1-year roster status. The position that had the most significant associations for 5-year status was cornerbacks, with weight, 10-yard dash, 20-yard dash, 40-yard dash, 3-cone drill, and shuttle being significantly associated with 1-year roster status. The least number of significant associations was found for safeties, with no drill being associated with 1-year roster status and only height and shuttle time significantly associated with 5-year career longevity. Our study demonstrates the utility of the combine results to help estimate the career longevity of NFL defensive players.
Postprandial Metabolism and Physical Activity in Asians: A Narrative Review
Authors: Nagayama Chihiro , Burns Stephen F. , Thackray Alice E. , Stensel David J. , Miyashita Masashi
Published: August 2021

The widespread benefits of physical activity in enhancing health and lowering the risk of non-communicable chronic diseases are well established across populations globally. Nevertheless, the prevalence of several lifestyle-related chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, varies markedly across countries and ethnicities. Direct ethnic comparative studies on the health benefits of physical activity are sparse and evidence-based physical activity guidelines are not ethnicity-specific. Indeed, physical activity guidelines in some Asian countries were developed primarily based on data from Western populations even though the magnitude of potential benefit may not be the same among different ethnic groups. Unfavorable diurnal perturbations in postprandial triglycerides and glucose are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This narrative review summarizes differences in these risk factors primarily between individuals of Asian and white European descent but also within different Asian groups. Moreover, the variable effects of physical activity on mitigating risk factors among these ethnic groups are highlighted along with the underlying metabolic and hormonal factors that potentially account for these differences. Future ethnic comparative studies should include investigations in understudied ethnic groups, such as those of East Asian origin, given that the effectiveness of physical activity for ameliorating cardiovascular disease varies even among Asian groups.
Induction of Labour. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k, AWMF Registry No. 015-088, December 2020)
Authors: Kehl Sven , Hösli Irene , Pecks Ulrich , Reif Philipp , Schild Ralf L. , Schmidt Markus , Schmitz Dagmar , Schwarz Christiane , Surbek Daniel , Abou-Dakn Michael
Published: August 2021

Aim The aim of this official guideline published and coordinated by the German Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (DGGG) in cooperation with the Austrian Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (OEGGG) and the Swiss Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (SGGG) is to provide a consensus-based overview of the indications, methods and general management of induction of labour by evaluating the relevant literature.

Methods This S2k guideline was developed using a structured consensus process which included representative members from various professions; the guideline was commissioned by the guidelines commission of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG.

Recommendations The guideline provides recommendations on the indications, management, methods, monitoring and special situations occurring in the context of inducing labour.
Die ePA vor dem Hintergrund der Gesetzgebung - Der eigenwillige deutsche Weg
Authors: Schrahe Dominik
Published: August 2021

Zielsetzung Seit dem 01.01.2021 müssen Krankenkassen in Deutschland ihren Versicherten eine elektronische Patientenakte (ePA) bereitstellen. Deutschland gilt dabei als Nachzügler, der den technologischen Rückstand im Vergleich zu anderen EU-Staaten aufholen muss. Um Erfolgsfaktoren in Bezug auf die technische Ausgestaltung zusammenzufassen, werden ePA-Implementierungen in Europa den Rahmenbedingungen der deutschen Gesetzgebung gegenübergestellt.

Methodik Mittels einer strukturierten Literaturanalyse aufbauend auf einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring wurden induktiv durch Paraphrasierung, Generalisierung und Reduktion Erfolgsfaktoren hergeleitet. Hierfür wurde die englisch- und deutschsprachige Literatur ab 2017 einbezogen und Erfolgsfaktoren mit der deutschen ePA verglichen.

Ergebnisse Erfolgsfaktoren für die ePA-Einführung und -nutzung liegen in den Bereichen Interoperabilität und Standards, Sicherheit und Benutzerfreundlichkeit sowie der Governancestruktur. Diese werden in Deutschland im europäischen Vergleich nicht konsequent umgesetzt.

Schlussfolgerung Handlungsfelder in den Bereichen Standardisierung, Sicherheit und Benutzerfreundlichkeit für Versorger und Patienten sollten konsequent verfolgt werden, um kurzfristig ein hohes Akzeptanzniveau und langfristig einen technischen Stand zu erreichen, wie er in anderen EU-Staaten besteht.
Effect of Exercise on Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yuting , Xu Shanshan , Shen Jiran , Yang Hui , Xu Wei , Shao Ming , Pan Faming
Published: August 2021

Few studies have directly compared the effects of different exercise therapies on reducing fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. Thus, we conducted a Frequentist network meta-analysis to analyze and compare the effectiveness of different types of exercise on reducing multiple sclerosis-related fatigue. Relevant randomized controlled trials were searched in PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases from the date of their inception up to April 1, 2021. In total, 27 articles involving 1470 participants and 10 types of interventions met the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that aquatic exercise ranked as the most effective among these interventions, and aerobic exercise had small-to-moderate effect sizes. Most of the interventions were shown to be better than the control group, except for climbing. Climbing was the only intervention that ranked worse than the controls. All of these findings merit further investigation in future clinical trials.
Exercise Training Induces Left- but not Right-sided Cardiac Remodelling in Olympic Rowers
Authors: Kleinnibbelink Geert , Panhuyzen-Goedkoop Nicole , Hulshof Hugo , van Dijk Arie , George Keith , Somauroo John , Oxborough David , Thijssen Dick H.J.
Published: August 2021

Whilst the athlete’s heart has been extensively described, less work has focused on the potential for elite athletes to demonstrate further cardiac remodelling upon an increase in training volume. Moreover, little work explored potential side-specific cardiac remodelling. Therefore, we examined the impact of an increase in training volume across 9-months in elite rowers on left- and right-sided cardiac structure, function and mechanics (i. e. longitudinal, radial and circumferential strain, twist and strain-volume loops). As part of the preparations to the 2012 Olympic Games, twenty-seven elite rowers (26.4±3.7years, 19 male) underwent echocardiography prior to and post (9 months) an increase in training volume (24 to 30–35 h weekly). Training increased left ventricular structure, including wall thickness, diameter, volume, mass and LV twist (all p<0.05). Female rowers demonstrated larger adaptation in left ventricular diameter and mass compared to male rowers (both p<0.05). No changes were observed in other measures of left ventricular function in both sexes (all p>0.05). The 9-month intervention showed no change in right ventricular/atrial structure, function or mechanics (all p>0.05). In conclusion, our data revealed that 9-month increased training volume in elite rowers induced left-sided (but not right-sided) structural remodelling, concomitant with an increase in left ventricular twist, with some changes larger in women.
Caesarean Section. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S3-Level, AWMF Registry No. 015/084, June 2020)
Authors: Louwen Frank , Wagner Uwe , Abou-Dakn Michael , Dötsch Jörg , Lawrenz Burkhard , Ehm David , Surbek Daniel , Essig Andreas , Greening Monika , Schäfers Rainhild , Mattern Elke , Waterstradt Ina C. , Kästner Ralph , Lütje Wolf , Kranke Peter , Messroghli Leila , Wenk Manuel , Kehl Sven , Schlößer Rolf , Lüdemann Katharina , Maier Barbara , Misselwitz Björn , Heller Günther , Bosch Andrea , Nielsen Renate , Rothe Christiane , Sirsch Erika , Kalberer Barbara Stocker , Vogel Thea , von Kaisenberg Constantin , Nothacker Monika , Hülsewiesche Barbara , Allert Roman , Jennewein Lukas
Published: August 2021

Purpose This is an official S3-guideline of the German Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (DGGG), the Austrian Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (ÖGGG) and the Swiss Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (SGGG). The guideline contains evidence-based information and recommendations on indications, complications, methods and care associated with delivery by caesarean section for all medical specialties involved as well as for pregnant women.

Methods This guideline has adapted information and recommendations issued in the NICE Caesarean Birth guideline. This guideline also considers additional issues prioritised by the Cochrane Institute and the Institute for Research in Operative Medicine (IFOM). The evaluation of evidence was based on the system developed by the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). A multi-part nominal group process moderated by the AWMF was used to compile this S3-level guideline.

Recommendations Recommendations on consultations, indications and the process of performing a caesarean section as well as the care provided to the mother and neonate were drawn up.
Loaded Inter-set Stretching for Muscular Adaptations in Trained Males: Is the Hype Real?
Authors: Wadhi Tanuj , Barakat Christopher , Evangelista Alexandre L. , Pearson Jeremy R. , Anand Ashmeet S. , Morrison Taylor E A , O'Sullivan Jay , Walters Joseph , Souza Eduardo Oliveira De
Published: August 2021

The study examined the effects of adding a loaded stretch in the inter-set rest period (ISS) compared to traditional resistance training (TR) on muscular adaptations in resistance-trained males. Twenty-six subjects were randomly assigned into two groups (ISS: n=12; TR: n=14) and underwent an 8-week training regimen. Subjects in ISS underwent an additional loaded stretch for 30 s at 15% of their working load from the prior set during the inter-set rest periods. Muscle thickness of the pectoralis major at the belly (BMT) and lateral (LMT) portions, One-repetition maximum (1RM) and repetitions-to-failure (RTF) on the bench press exercise were measured at baseline and post 8 weeks of training. Additionally, volume load and perceptual parameters for exertion and recovery were measured. Both groups had similar total volume load and average perceptual parameters (p>0.05). There was a main time effect (p<0.01) for all but one dependent variable indicating that both groups responded similarly across time [(∆BMT: ISS=2.7±1.7 mm; TR = 3.0±2.2 mm), (∆LMT: ISS=3.2±1.6 mm; TR=2.8±1.7 mm, (∆1RM: ISS=6.6±3.8 kg; TR=7.5±5.7 kg). Repetitions-to-failure did not change in either group (∆RTF: ISS=0.0±2.1 repetitions; TR=0.0±2.3 repetitions, p>0.05). Our results suggest that addition of a loaded ISS does not affect muscular adaptations either positively or negatively in resistance-trained males.
A Facile Approach to the Synthesis of 3-Acylisoxazole Derivatives with Reusable Solid Acid Catalysts
Authors: Itoh Ken-ichi , Hayakawa Mamiko , Abe Rina , Takahashi Shinji , Hasegawa Kenta , Aoyama Tadashi
Published: August 2021

Nitrile oxides were formed from α-nitro ketones using silica gel-supported sodium hydrogen sulfate (NaHSO4/SiO2) or Amberlyst 15 as solid acid catalyst, and then the corresponding 3-acylisoxaszoles were obtained by reacting with alkynes via the 1,3-dipolar [3+2] cyclo­addition. These heterogeneous catalysts are easily separable from the reaction mixture and reused. This synthetic method provides a facile, efficient, and reusable production of 3-acylisoxazoles.
p-Toluenesulfonic Acid-Catalyzed Reaction of Phthalaldehydic Acids with Difluoroenoxysilanes: Access to 3-Difluoroalkyl Phthalides
Authors: Yang Jianguo , Ren Jun , Liu Saimei , Li Yan , Wang Feiyi , Ma Chao , Yang Guichun
Published: August 2021

A convenient approach for the synthesis of 3-difluoroalkyl phthalides has been developed from phthalaldehydic acids and difluoroenoxysilanes by using relatively inexpensive p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (PTSA) as a catalyst. A series of 3-difluoroalkyl phthalides and cyclic difluoroalkyl ethers were obtained in up to 99% yield. The products obtained could be readily converted into difluoroalkyl phthalide derivatives by simple modifications.
The Effect of Online Low-intensity Exercise Training on Fitness and
Cardiovascular Parameters
Authors: Kikuchi Naoki , Mochizuki Yukina , Kozuma Ayumu , Inoguchi Takamichi , Saito Mika , Deguchi Minoru , Homma Hiroki , Ogawa Madoka , Hashimoto Yuto , Nakazato Koichi , Okamoto Takanobu
Published: August 2021

Online exercise is undoubtedly useful and important; however, chronic adaptations
to online exercise, particularly strength gain, muscle hypertrophy, and
cardiovascular parameters, remain unclear. We investigated the effect of online
exercise training using Zoom on fitness parameters compared with the same
exercises supervised directly. In the present study, 34 subjects (age:
42.9±14.4 years) were included. Twenty-three subjects performed 8 weeks
of body mass-based exercise training online using Zoom, and eleven subjects
performed the same exercise supervised directly as the control group. The
subjects performed low-load resistance exercises twice a week for 8 weeks for a
total of 16 sessions. The sessions included 9 exercises: leg raises, squats,
rear raises, shoulder presses, rowing, dips, lunges, Romanian dead lifts, and
push-ups. Chair-stand, push-up, and sit-and-reach tests were performed on all
subjects. Overall, the home exercise program effectively increased strength and
muscle mass and decreased blood pressure and arterial stiffness, but there were
no differences between the groups. Changes in chair-stand and sit-and-reach test
results were higher in the control group than in the online group. Our results
show that there is a similar training response to body mass-based training in
both groups, even with virtual experiences using Zoom.
Speech Recognition in Noise Using Binaural Diotic and Antiphasic Digits-in-Noise in Children: Maturation and Self-Test Validity
Authors: Wolmarans Jenique , De Sousa Karina C. , Frisby Caitlin , Mahomed-Asmail Faheema , Smits Cas , Moore David R. , Swanepoel De Wet
Published: August 2021

Abstract Background Digits-in-noise (DIN) tests have become popular for hearing screening over the past 15 years. Several recent studies have highlighted the potential utility of DIN as a school-aged hearing test. However, age may influence test performance in
children due to maturation. In addition, a new antiphasic stimulus paradigm has been introduced, allowing binaural intelligibility level difference (BILD) to be measured by using a combination of conventional diotic and antiphasic DIN. Purpose This study determined age-specific
normative data for diotic and antiphasic DIN, and a derived measure, BILD, in children. A secondary aim evaluated the validity of DIN as a smartphone self-test in a subgroup of young children. Research Design A cross-sectional, quantitative design was used. Participants with
confirmed normal audiometric hearing were tested with a diotic and antiphasic DIN. During the test, arrangements of three spoken digits were presented in noise via headphones at varying signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Researchers entered each three-digit spoken sequence repeated by the participant
on a smartphone keypad. Study Sample Overall, 621 (428 male and 193 female) normal hearing children (bilateral pure tone threshold of ≤ 20 dB hearing level at 1, 2, and 4 kHz) ranging between the ages of 6 and 13 years were recruited. A subgroup
of 7-year-olds (n = 30), complying with the same selection criteria, was selected to determine the validity of self-testing. Data Collection and Analysis DIN testing was completed via headphones coupled to a smartphone. Diotic and antiphasic DIN speech
recognition thresholds (SRTs) were analyzed and compared for each age group. BILD was calculated through subtraction of antiphasic from diotic SRTs. Multiple linear regressions were run to determine the effect of age on SRT and BILD. In addition, piecewise linear regressions were fit across
different age groups. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to determine differences between self- and facilitated tests. Results Age was a significant predictor, of both diotic and antiphasic DIN SRTs (p < 0.05). SRTs improved by 0.15 dB and 0.35 dB
SNR per year for diotic and antiphasic SRTs, respectively. However, age effects were only significant up to 10 and 12 years for antiphasic and diotic SRTs, respectively. Age significantly (p < 0.001) predicted BILD, which increased by 0.18 dB per year. A small
SRT advantage for facilitated over self-testing was seen but was not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions Increasing age was significantly associated with improved SRT and BILD using diotic and antiphasic DINs. DIN could be used as a smartphone self-test
in young children from 7 years of age with appropriate quality control measures to avoid potential false positives.
Efficacy of Vascular Closure Devices in Closing Large-Bore Sheath Arterial Sites after Treatment with Extracorporeal Life Support System
Authors: Pingpoh Clarence , Kondov Stoyan , Schroefel Holger , Kreibich Maximillian , Puiu Paul , Kueri Sami , Berger Tim , Beyersdorf Friedhelm , Siepe Matthias , Czerny Martin
Published: August 2021

Background We retrospectively evaluated vascular complications and wound infections after surgical or percutaneous transfemoral removal of temporary extracorporeal life support systems (ECLSs).

Methods A total of 83 patients were weaned from ECLS between August 2015 and September 2020. We analyzed for a composite endpoint of vascular complications and wound infections requiring negative-pressure wound therapy. Patients were divided into two groups: percutaneous group using the MANTA vascular occlusion system (VCD; Teleflex, Morrisville, North Carolina, United States) (n = 23) and surgical group (n = 60).

Results The median age in the entire cohort was 67 years. Vascular complications were seen in 20% (n = 12) in the surgical group and in 13% (n = 3) in the percutaneous group (p = 0.72). A total of 32% (n = 19) in the surgical group and 9% (n = 2) in the percutaneous group (p = 0.031) had wound infections. A composite endpoint of vascular complications and wound infections showed significantly more complications in the surgical group (52%, n = 31) as compared with the percutaneous group (22%, n = 5) (p = 0.020). The median duration in the intensive care unit was 13 days for the surgical group and 12 days for the percutaneous group without any significant difference in both groups (p = 0.93).

Conclusions Using the MANTA VCD for percutaneous removal of ECLS cannulas after weaning from ECLS is safe and reproducible. A composite endpoint of vascular complications and wound infections was significantly lower in the percutaneous removal group as compared with the surgical group.
Gallbladder: Role of Interventional Radiology
Authors: Antalek Matthew , Riaz Ahsun , Nemcek Albert A.
Published: August 2021

Percutaneous cholecystostomy is an established procedure for the management of patients with acute cholecystitis and with significant medical comorbidities that would make laparoscopic cholecystectomy excessively risky. In this review, we will explore the role of percutaneous cholecystostomy in the management of acute cholecystitis as well as other applications in the management of biliary pathology. The indications, grading, technical considerations, and postprocedure management in the setting of acute cholecystitis are discussed. In addition, we will discuss the potential role of percutaneous cholecystostomy in the management of gallstones and biliary strictures, in establishing internal biliary drainage, and in a joint setting with other clinicians such as gastroenterologists in the management of complex biliary pathology.
Percutaneous Biliary Endoscopy
Authors: Khayat Adam , Khayat Mamdouh , Cline Michael , Riaz Ahsun
Published: August 2021

Biliary endoscopy is underutilized by interventional radiologists and has the potential to become an effective adjunctive tool to help both diagnose and treat a variety of biliary pathology. This is particularly true in cases where endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography fails or is not feasible due to surgically altered anatomy. Both preoperative clinical and technical procedural factors must be taken into consideration prior to intervention. In this article, clinical evaluation, perioperative management, and procedural techniques for percutaneous biliary endoscopy are reviewed.
Role of Interventional Radiology in Children with Biliary and Gallbladder Diseases
Authors: Yakupovich Anel , Rajeswaran Shankar , Green Jared , Donaldson James S.
Published: August 2021

Biliary and gallbladder diseases in infants and children often present unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges that require a fundamental understanding of notable biliary diseases and anatomical variations. Surgical and endoscopic approaches that are often the gold standard in adult biliary treatment may be technically challenging and are associated with a high morbidity that may warrant a multidisciplinary treatment approach. This article will provide a comprehensive overview of the biliary conditions where interventional radiology can play a vital role in the diagnosis, management, and treatment. Differences in approach or technique between children and adults will be highlighted.
On the role of Hermite-like polynomials in the Fock representations of Gaussian states
Authors: Pierobon Gianfranco , Cariolaro Gianfranco , Dattoli Giuseppe
Published: August 2021

The expansion of quantum states and operators in terms of Fock states plays a fundamental role in the field of continuous-variable quantum mechanics. In particular, for general single-mode Gaussian operators and Gaussian noisy states, many different approaches have been used in the evaluation of their Fock representation. In this paper, a natural approach has been applied using exclusively the operational properties of the Hermite and Hermite-like polynomials and showing their fundamental role in this field. Closed-form results in terms of polynomials, exponentials, and simple algebraic functions are the major contribution of the paper.
Conceptual study of energy resolved x-ray measurement and electron temperature reconstruction on ITER with low voltage ionization chambers
Authors: Colette D. , Mazon D. , Barnsley R. , O’Mullane M. , Jardin A. , Sirinelli A.
Published: August 2021

In tokamaks with tungsten-based plasma facing components, such as ITER, pollution of the plasma by heavy impurities is a major concern as it can lead to radiative breakdown. The radiation emitted by such impurities is mainly composed of x-rays in the [0.1; 100] keV range. A diagnostic allowing for the reconstruction of the impurity distribution is of high interest. The ITER requirements for the x-ray measurement system make it mandatory for the detector to provide spectral information. Due to the radiation environment during the ITER nuclear phase, advanced detectors exhibiting high resilience to neutrons and gamma rays, such as gas-filled detectors, are required. The use of Low Voltage Ionization Chambers (LVICs) for this purpose is investigated in this paper. Several anodes have been added to the detector in order to allow for spectral deconvolution. This article presents a conceptual study of the use of a multi-anode LVIC for energy resolved x-ray measurement on ITER. It covers the design of the multi-anode LVIC and its modeling, the method for spectral deconvolution, and its application to energy resolved x-ray tomography, as well as the computation of the electron temperature from the reconstructed local x-ray emissivity.
A multiple learning moth flame optimization algorithm with probability-based chaotic strategy for the parameters estimation of photovoltaic models
Authors: Huang Zhengyu , Chen Limin , Li Miao , Liu Peter X. , Li Chunquan
Published: August 2021

The parameters of the photovoltaic (PV) models affect the accuracy in the evaluation and control of PV systems. To estimate the parameters of various PV models accurately and reliably, we propose a multiple learning moth flame optimization algorithm with a probability-based chaotic strategy (MLMFO-PBCS). In MLMFO-PBCS, the multiple learning strategy effectively combines the information of flame and moth population in different stages of iteration, providing more chances for moths to update and supplying eminent exploration and exploitation capabilities. Moreover, a probability-based chaotic strategy is introduced to the global optimal solution on each iteration so that a promising solution can be established to update the worst moth, avoiding premature and enhancing the exploitation ability. The proposed MLMFO-PBCS has been used to evaluate parameters of different PV models including single diode, double diode, and PV module. Comprehensive experimental results indicate that MLMFO-PBCS is highly competitive on parameter estimations of PV models in accuracy, reliability, and convergence speed, compared with all compared algorithms.