bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The emergence of the tropical rainforest biome in the Cretaceous
Authors: Coiffard Clément , El Atfy Haytham , Renaudie Johan , Bussert Robert , Uhl Dieter
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Modern tropical rain forests (TRF) are one of the most ecologically important and species-rich biomes on the planet. However, the origin of modern TRF is still debated, especially due to the incongruence between the fossil record and molecular data. Here, we are testing whether Campanian assemblages from north-eastern Africa could represent fossil TRF vegetation. In so doing, we compare the investigated assemblages with other assemblages known to represent temperate forests, subtropical forests, and TRF in terms of leaf physiognomy, species richness, and taxonomic composition. We assume that modern-looking TRF already existed about 80 Ma ago during the Campanian in north-eastern Africa based on fossil leaves in an area corresponding to 10 % of the modern Amazonian or 25 % of the Congolese TRF. The apparent conflict between the fossil record and phylogenetic evidence is due to the more or less absence of published tropical floras for the Cretaceous.
Optimizing the Carbonic Anhydrase temperature response and stomatal conductance of carbonyl sulfide leaf uptake in the simple biosphere model (SiB4)
Authors: Cho Ara , Kooijmans Linda M. J. , Kohonen Kukka-Maaria , Wehr Richard , Krol Maarten C.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Carbonyl Sulfide (COS) is a useful tracer to estimate Gross Primary Production (GPP) because it shares part of the uptake pathway with CO2. COS is taken up in plants through hydrolysis, catalyzed by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), but is not released. The Simple Biosphere model version 4 (SiB4) simulates COS leaf uptake using a conductance approach. SiB4 applies the temperature response of the RuBisCo enzyme (used for photosynthesis) to simulate the COS leaf uptake, but the CA enzyme might respond differently. We introduce a new temperature response function for CA in SiB4, based on enzyme kinetics with an optimum temperature. Moreover, we determine Ball-Berry model parameters for stomatal conductance (gs) using observation-based estimates of COS flux, GPP, and gs along with meteorological measurements in an evergreen needleleaf forest (ENF) and deciduous broadleaf forest (DBF). We find that CA has optimum temperatures of 22 °C (ENF) and 38 °C (DBF) with CA’s activation energy as 40 kJ mol-1, which is lower than that of RuBisCo (45 °C), suggesting that air temperature changes can critically affect CA’s catalyzation activity. Optimized values for the Ball-Berry offset parameter b0 (ENF: 0.013, DBF: 0.007 mol m-2 s-1) are higher (lower) than the original value (0.010 mol m-2 s-1) in the ENF (DBF), and optimized values for the Ball-Berry slope parameter b1 (ENF: 16.36, DBF: 11.43) are higher than the original value (9.0) at both sites. We apply the optimized gCA and gs parameters in SiB4 site simulations, thereby improving the timing and peak of COS assimilation. In addition, we show that SiB4 underestimates the leaf humidity stress under conditions where high VPD should limit gs in the afternoon, thereby overestimating gs. Furthermore, we simulate global COS biosphere fluxes, which show smaller COS uptake in the tropics and larger COS uptake at higher latitudes, corresponding with the updates made to the CA temperature response. This SiB4 update helps resolve gaps in the COS budget identified in earlier studies. Using our optimization and additional observations of COS uptake over various climate and plant types, we expect further improvements in global COS biosphere flux estimates.
Seasonal overturning variability in the eastern North Atlantic subpolar gyre: A Lagrangian perspective
Authors: Tooth Oliver John , Johnson Helen Louise , Wilson Chris , Evans Dafydd Gwyn
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Changes in the high-latitude Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) are dominated by water mass transformation in the eastern North Atlantic Subpolar Gyre (SPG). Both observations and ocean reanalyses show a pronounced seasonality of the MOC within this region. Here, we investigate the nature of this seasonal overturning variability within the eastern SPG using Lagrangian water parcel trajectories evaluated within an eddy-permitting ocean sea-ice hindcast simulation. Our analysis highlights the critical role of water parcel recirculation times in determining the seasonality of overturning measured in both the traditional Eulerian and complimentary Lagrangian frames of reference. From an Eulerian perspective, we show that the minimum of the MOC seasonal cycle in autumn results from a combination of enhanced stratification and increased southward transport within the upper East Greenland Current. This convergence of southward transport within the MOC upper limb is explained by decreasing water parcel recirculation times in the upper Irminger Sea, consistent with a gyre-scale response to seasonal wind forcing. From a Lagrangian perspective, we find that upper limb water parcels flowing northwards into the eastern SPG participate in a recirculation race against time to avoid wintertime diapycnal transformation into the lower limb of the MOC. The majority of water parcels, sourced from the central and southern branches of the North Atlantic Current, are unsuccessful and thus determine the mean strength of overturning within the eastern SPG (8.9 ± 2.2 Sv). The seasonality of Lagrangian overturning is explained by a small collection of upper limb water parcels, recirculating rapidly (≤ 8.5 months) in the upper Irminger and Central Iceland Basins, whose along-stream transformation is dependent on their time of arrival in the eastern SPG.
Two years of Volatile Organic Compounds online in-situ measurements at SIRTA (Paris region, France) using Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Simon Leïla , Gros Valérie , Petit Jean-Eudes , Truong François , Sarda-Esteve Roland , Kalalian Carmen , Marchand Caroline , Favez Olivier
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) have direct influences on air quality and climate. They indeed play a key role in atmospheric chemistry, as precursors of secondary pollutants, such as ozone (O3) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA). To this respect, long-term datasets of in-situ atmospheric measurements are crucial to characterize the variability of atmospheric chemical composition, its sources and trends. The on-going establishment of the Aerosols, Cloud, and Trace gases Research InfraStructure (ACTRIS) allows implementing the collection and provision of such high-quality datasets. In this context, online and continuous measurements of O3, nitrogen oxides (NOX) and aerosols have been carried out since 2012 at the SIRTA observatory, located in the Paris region, France. Within the last decade, VOC measurements have been conducted offline at SIRTA, until the implementation of a real-time monitoring which started in January 2020, using a Proton-Transfer- Reaction Quadrupole Mass-Spectrometer (PTR-Q-MS). The dataset acquired during the first two years of online VOC measurements provides insights on their seasonal and diurnal variabilities. The additional long-term datasets obtained from co-located measurements (NOX, aerosol physical and chemical properties, meteorological parameters) are used to better characterize the atmospheric conditions and to further interpret the obtain results. Results also include insights on VOC’s main sources and the influence of meteorological conditions and air mass origin on their levels, in the Paris region. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the year 2020 notably comprised a quasi-total lockdown in France in Spring, and a lighter one in Autumn. Therefore, a focus is made on the impact of these lockdowns on the VOC variability and sources. A change in the behaviour of VOC markers for anthropogenic sources was observed during the first lockdown, reflecting a change in human activities. This dataset could be further used as input for atmospheric models and can be found under https://doi.org/10.14768/f8c46735-e6c3-45e2-8f6f-26c6d67c4723 (Simon et al, 2022).
Modellierung klimaneutraler Energielandschaften – eine kritische Reflexion regionaler Strategien zum Ausbau erneuerbarer Energien unter Berücksichtigung des Zwei-Grad-Ziels
Authors: Bosch Stephan , Kienmoser Dominik
Published: December 2022

Abstract. With the Paris Agreement, it was decided to limit global warming to below two degrees. Hence, national governments are currently confronted with the challenge of implementing concrete climate protection measures. This poses a major challenge especially for Germany, as the phase-out of low-emission nuclear energy additionally increases the pressure to rapidly promote the expansion of renewable energies. Unfortunately, there is a great variety of potential regional energy strategies, which differ considerably in terms of landscape implications. Therefore, we analysed the spatial restructuring of energy supply and the associated social conflicts. To do so, we modelled potential regional energy landscapes that can be derived from the two-degree target and visualised them based on Geographical Information Systems by using five scenarios involving changes to the planning guidelines. The analyses reveal that the development of a carbon-neutral energy system is possible. Yet the potential spatial patterns of renewable energies differ considerably. Furthermore, it becomes obvious that spatial planning must take greater account of the perspectives of those social groups facing the installation of renewable energies in the very vicinity of their own living environment.
Climate change projections of wet and dry extreme events in the Upper Jhelum Basin using a multivariate drought index: Evaluation of bias correction
Authors: Ansari Rubina , Casanueva Ana , Liaqat Muhammad Usman , Grossi Giovanna
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Bias correction (BC) is often a necessity to improve the applicability of global and regional climate model (GCM and RCM, respectively) outputs to impact assessment studies, which usually depend on multiple potentially dependent variables. To date, various BC methods have been developed which adjust climate variables separately (univariate BC) or jointly (multivariate BC) prior to their application in impact studies (i.e., the component-wise approach). Another possible approach is to first calculate the multivariate hazard index from the original, biased simulations, and bias-correct the impact model output or index itself using univariate methods (direct approach). This has the advantage of circumventing the difficulties associated with correcting the inter-variable dependence of climate variables which is not considered by univariate BC methods. Using a multivariate drought index (i.e., SPEI) as an example, the present study compares different state-ofthe- art BC methods (univariate and multivariate) and BC approaches (direct and component-wise) applied to climate model simulations stemming from different experiments at different spatial resolutions (namely CORDEX, CORDEX-CORE and CMIP6). The BC methods are calibrated and evaluated over the same historical period (1986–2005). The proposed framework is demonstrated as a case study over a transboundary watershed, i.e. the Upper Jhelum Basin (UJB) in the Western Himalaya. Results show that (1) there is some added value of multivariate BC methods over the univariate methods in adjusting the inter-variable relationship, however, comparable performance is found for SPEI indices. (2) The best performing BC methods exhibits a comparable performance under both approaches with a slightly better performance for the direct approach. (3) The added value of the high-resolution experiments (CORDEX-CORE) compared to their coarser resolution counterparts (CORDEX) are not apparent in this study.
Physics-informed machine learning for understanding rock moisture dynamics in a sandstone cave
Authors: Ouyang Kai-Gao , Jiang Xiao-Wei , Mei Gang , Yan Hong-Bin , Niu Ran , Wan Li , Zeng Yijian
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Rock moisture, which is considered as a hidden component of the terrestrial hydrological cycle, has received little attention. In this study, the frequency-domain reflectometry (FDR) is used to obtain fluctuating rock water content in a sandstone cave of the Yungang Grottoes, China. We identified two major cycles of rock moisture addition and depletion, one in the summer and the other in the winter. By using the LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) network and the SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) method, relative humidity, air temperature and wall temperature are found to have contributions to rock moisture in the summer. By using vapor concentration and the difference between dew point temperature and wall temperature as two input variables of the LSTM network, the predicted rock water content has a very good agreement with the measured rock water content, with the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) being as high as 0.978. Because the two new input variables are factors directly controlling vapor condensation, they provide informative priors to the deep learning model and improved prediction performance. After identifying the causal factors of rock water content fluctuations, we also identified the mechanism controlling the multi diurnal vapor condensation. The increased vapor concentration accompanying a precipitation event leads to transport of water vapor into rock pores, which is subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of rock pores and then condensed into liquid water. With the aid of the deep learning model, this study increases understanding of sources of water in caves, which would contribute to future strategies of alleviating weathering in caves.
The role of boundary layer processes in summer-time Arctic cyclones
Authors: Croad Hannah L. , Methven John , Harvey Ben , Keeley Sarah P. E. , Volonté Ambrogio
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Arctic cyclones are the most energetic weather systems in the Arctic, producing strong winds and precipitation that present major weather hazards. In summer, when the sea ice cover is reduced and more mobile, Arctic cyclones can have large impacts on ocean waves and sea ice. While the development of mid-latitude cyclones is known to be dependent on boundary layer (BL) turbulent fluxes, the dynamics of summer-time Arctic cyclones and their dependence on surface exchange processes have not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to characterise the BL processes acting in summer-time Arctic cyclones and understand their influence on cyclone evolution. The study focuses on two cyclone case studies, each characterised by a different structure during growth in the Arctic: (A) low-level dominant vorticity (warm-core) structure, and (B) upper-level dominant vorticity (cold-core) structure, linked with a tropopause polar vortex. A potential vorticity (PV) framework is used to diagnose the BL processes in model runs from the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System model. Both cyclones are associated with frictional Ekman pumping, and downward sensible heat fluxes over sea ice. However, the frictional baroclinic PV generation process (governed by the angle between the lower tropospheric thermal wind vector and the surface wind) acts differently in A and B due to the different cyclone structures. Positive PV is generated in A around the bent-back warm front, like in typical mid-latitude cyclones. However, the same process produces negative PV tendencies in B, shown to be a consequence of the vertically-aligned columnar vortex structure. This frictional process also acts to cool the lower troposphere, reducing the warm-core anomaly in A, and amplifying the cold-core anomaly in B. Both cyclones attain a vertically-aligned cold-core structure that persists for several days after maximum intensity, which is consistent with cooling from frictional Ekman pumping, frictional baroclinic PV generation, and downward sensible heat fluxes. This may help to explain the longevity of isolated cold-core Arctic cyclones with columnar vorticity structure.
Sara Del Rossi, Où va le kont ? L’Harmattan, 2022
Authors: Woodward Servanne
Published: December 2022

Ernst Mirville a créé le mot d’oraliture en 1970 (pp. 10-11). Del Rossi propose de traiter des œuvres parues depuis les années 1980, incluant des lieux d’immigration (Canada, US et France), œuvres qui touchent donc un public haïtien entre autres, aux prises avec de nouvelles circonstances (p. 12). Le kont, est donc le conte haïtien, instrument de résistance culturelle en Haïti, les concepts de créolité (Bernabé, Chamoiseau, Confiant) et de créolisation (Glissant), le « réalisme merveilleux haïtien » de J. Stephen Alexis, et le transculturel selon Maximilien Laroche. C’est dans la perspective de ces théories que Del Rossi étudie donc le passage à l’écrit de l’oralité, puis les processus de réécriture d’adaptations contemporaines de la tradition, telles que pratiqués par Paula Clermont Péan en Haïti, Joujou Turenne au Québec  et Mimi Barthélémy en France—il s’agit d’évaluer les théories contre les pratiques dessinant l’émergence d’une nouvelle oraliture haïtienne, modernisée et pérennisée en tant que support identitaire, ce qui est sensible dans les dimensions autobiographiques de ses formes émergentes (p. 14). Cependant, d’autres auteurs sont étudiés, tel Georges Anglade, qui ne sont pas annoncés dans cette introduction. Ceci est une excellente introduction à diverses pistes de recherche sur la littérature haïtienne.
Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the Sedemte Prestola potassic alkaline pluton
Authors: Dyulgerov Momchil , Stoylkova Tanya
Published: December 2022

The Sedemte Prestola pluton is an intermediate to acid plutonic body of Variscan age (308.7 ± 9.1 Ma). Despite its small size, several petrographic varieties are present: syenites, quartzsyentes and granites. It is composed of potassium feldspar, quartz, sodic-calcic amphibole; biotite, when present, is often rimmed by amphibole or strongly altered; zircon, titanite, apatite and ilmenite are the accessory phases. The rocks display pronounced potassic character with up to 10.4 wt% K2O, peralkaline tendency, and significant trace element enrichment for REE, Zr, Th, U, and Ba. The rocks also show enriched isotopic characteristic with 87/86Sri between 0.7107 and 0.7111, and 143/144Ndi between 0.51193 and 0.51182. The geochemical features of the Sedemte Prestola pluton imply orogenic geodynamic setting of formation as a product of more primitive magma fractionation. Isotopic characteristics and high LILE, Th and U contents support the derivation from enriched mantle source – phlogopite-bearing peridotites in the spinel stability field.
CHINA & USA IN INDIAN OCEAN REGION - A FRACTIONAL COLLISION COURSE
Authors: Dr Saleem Raza Baig
Published: December 2022

Thucydides Trap, in case of USA & China collision highway, true or otherwise in an enactment of Belt Road Initiative (BRI), South China Sea clash of interests and Blue versus Red , and Pakistan in a ‘Golden Chair’ dilemma led to a known fact of interacting as well as overarching clash of interests in global world in general and Asia in particular. However, China has become one of the world’s major powers despite all odds of clash of interests against her strategic, geographic and social or economic competitors evidently displayed after the universal Pandemic of Covid. The fast-paced economic development of China was the narrative foreign policy imbued with economic progress across the globe, with benefits for all humanity. In the same context, China has launched Belt and Road Initiative, in response to the USA’s Pivot Asia policy. On the contrary, changing foreign policy roles and their performances have led to conflicting signals, raising concerns about China’s future role in international politics. This paper argues that, though China’s rise may be projected as benign by China itself, however China under Xi Jinping will be an “Economic Giant” aiming to remodel the global order. Visualizing the discourse of its economic over-arching progress, is it really a collision course that has shaped Belt Road Initiative (BRI), South China Sea’s militarization/weaponization in Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and alliances of Blue versus Red or a mature Economic Cooperation in a globalized world, really seems far away from clash of interests as displayed during and after Pandemic Crisis. Recent visit of Speaker of USA Representatives, Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan, is a test case in strategic dilemma for IOR that proved fractional to crisis.
Fertility Options for Transgender Patients: How Can Physicians Provide More Inclusive Care?
Authors: Marable Julian , Etcheverry Maria , Liter Bailey , Wu Melissa
Published: December 2022

Family planning is critical to the sexual and reproductive health of all patients. For transgender individuals, using gender-preferred modalities for conception and prevention can minimize gender incongruence and dysphoria. Currently, the literature describes several pregnancy options including natural conception, gamete cryopreservation, in vitro fertilization, and uterine transplantation. Prevention methods remain similar to those for cisgender patients such as oral contraception, intrauterine devices, condoms, and various surgical procedures. However, great emphasis lies on choosing a method that best supports the chosen gender identity of the patient. This review supports oocyte and sperm cryopreservation as the preferred method for pregnancy and finds consensus with the literature that there is no best method for prevention. As such, physicians should prioritize early discussions with patients and work closely to use modalities that fit each patient’s needs and expectations. As the body of literature on LGBTQ+ health continues to grow, this review will help to expand the knowledge around family planning for transgender patients.
Phytochemical Study and Anxiolytic activity of Hibiscus cannabinus leaves
Authors: A Jadhav Chitrarekha , S Jadhav Ravindra , R Vikhe Sunaina
Published: December 2022

As a result of high experience from the past generations, today, all over the world’s cultures have an extensive knowledge of herbal medicine. Traditional medicines have great importance in our culture. Hibiscus cannabinus plant has therapeutic used in traditional system of medicines in India. Hibiscus cannabinus L. (Malvaceae) is an herbaceous annual plant with high potential. This plant contains different phytoconstituents such as Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, steroids, tannins, phenols, proteins, saponins. This information described and discussed the chemical constituents, pharmacognostic and phytochemical study of Hibiscus cannabinus leaf.
Finding the halo: a separated vortex ring underlies the flight of the dandelion
Authors: Viola Ignazio Maria
Published: December 2022

In this talk I will provide a brief overview of the research on applied fluid dynamics and vortex-dominated flow in my research group, and I will present in-depth our recent findings on the flight of the dandelion fruit (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0604-2). The dandelion uses a bundle of bristles, known as the pappus, to enhance the drag and to slow down its descent. This passive flight mechanism allows the dandelion to be carried by the wind for even hundreds of miles. The underlying fluid dynamics of this drag-enhancing mechanism was, however, unknown. We found that when the dandelion falls, the air flows through the pappus and forms a bubble of recirculating flow. This bubble, which we named the separated vortex ring (SVR), sits stably a few millimetres above the dandelion, like a halo. In this talk I will describe how we discovered this extraordinary new type of vortex, and what we have learnt of it. The discovery of the SVR suggests the existence in nature of a new type of locomotion. We envisage that this discovery might contribute to explain the function of many hairy structures in the plant and animal kingdoms. We also envisage that it may contribute to the design of micro aerial vehicles that will be passively carried by the wind. The research on the dandelion fruit is a collaboration with the research groups of Dr Naomi Nakayama (School of Biological Sciences) and Dr Enrico Mastropaolo (School of Engineering) at the University of Edinburgh.
Dynamics of Marine Ice Sheets
Authors: Worster Grae
Published: December 2022

On short length and time scales, ice behaves as a brittle, elastic solid but on continental length scales and timescales of years or longer, ice flows as a viscous fluid. The West Antarctic Ice Sheet, for example, sits on bedrock that is 1–2 kilometres below sea level. The ice itself is 4–5 kilometres thick in the central regions but thins as it flows towards the margins and eventually becomes thin enough to float on the ocean as a so-called ice shelf. The locus of detachment from the bedrock, where the ice sheet first starts to float, is called the grounding line. The position of the grounding line is determined dynamically, and there is concern to understand the conditions under which the grounding line would recede and allow the ice sheet to flow ever faster into the ocean, causing global sea levels to rise. I will present some simple fluid-mechanical experiments and mathematical models to address some of the fundamental physical balances that control the stability of grounding lines.
Re-entry vehicles for 21st century space missions
Authors: Bruce Paul
Published: December 2022

Entering a planet's atmosphere from space and landing safely on its surface is a significant engineering challenge. For more than 60 years, engineers have tackled this problem; developing atmospheric entry vehicles with an impressive track record of returning cargo and humans to Earth, and even sending (unmanned) missions to land on the surface of Mars. However, as our aspirations and ambition for exploring space grow, mission requirements are evolving beyond the capabilities of existing tried-and-tested hardware and a new generation of atmospheric entry vehicles is required. In this seminar, I will present the results from an ongoing project at Imperial to tackle some of the challenges of landing humans safely on the surface of Mars. The work centres on the development of a reduced-order model to capture the unique aero-elastic behaviour of this new class of vehicle as it negotiates the re-entry environment. I will try to provide answers to the following questions: - How do we model atmospheric entry? - Why is landing humans on Mars so difficult? - What are the most promising candidate technologies for doing so? - How do we design optimal large diameter aero-decelerator heat shields? - Why do we need a coupled aero-structural solver? - Are there potential benefits from designing flexible spacecraft? My goal in this talk is not to bamboozle with equations and complex graphs, but to provide some insight into the engineering challenges of future inter-planetary exploration missions and, ultimately, explain why we believe this warrants a new approach to spacecraft design and how we are working towards this goal at Imperial.
Turbulence, Periodic Orbits and Koopman Analysis
Authors: Kerswell Rich
Published: December 2022

Periodic orbits are known to be very important in describing chaotic attractors and the hope has been that they may also help our understanding of fluid turbulence. I'll discuss work trying to find periodic orbits buried in turbulent flows which, most recently, has utilised Dynamic Mode Decomposition/Koopman analysis.
Effects of Perceptual Learning Styles on Chinese EFL Learners’ Writing Proficiency in the Reading-writing Integrated Continuation Task
Authors: Wang Huafeng , Tu Mengwei , Liang Meiqiong
Published: December 2022

Previous studies have manifested that the reading-writing integrated continuation task has great language learning potential and linguistic alignment facilitated by the continuation task positively affects L2 learners’ written performance. As an individual difference construct, perceptual learning style has been investigated from its impact on EFL learning, while research on how it affects learners’ performance in the continuation task seems deficient. To this end, this study investigated the relationship between Chinese EFL learners’ perceptual learning style and writing proficiency in the reading-writing integrated continuation task. Participants were 46 intermediate learners of L2 English from two intact classes who were required to perform both independent topic writing and the continuation task. The results showed that 1) group and auditory style learners slightly outperformed on phrasal alignment while visual and tactile performed better on clausal alignment; 2) visual, tactile and auditory learners were likely to generate content-rich, well-organized and more accurate written production, but students’ linguistic fluency in topic writing outperformed that in the continuation task; 3) learners who prefer audio input showed in inferiority on the continuation writing. These findings confirm that perceptual learning style might be a mediator affecting learners’ linguistic alignment within the continuation task.
Community Awareness and Knowledge on the Nature, Scope and Concept of Human Trafficking
Authors: Nayoyos-Refugia Jennifer M.
Published: December 2022

Human trafficking is a crime that most people have limited knowledge of. While there are numbers of programs introduced and implemented, research on public awareness and knowledge on human trafficking is scant. Hence, this study focused on the level of awareness and knowledge of San Pablo City community members about the nature, scope, and concept of human trafficking in terms of the acts, means employed, and purposes of human trafficking. The study employed a descriptive research design in the form of a survey questionnaire. The sample size of two hundred sixteen (216) people was drawn from various sectors using a purposive and convenience sampling. From the gathered quantitative data, frequency count, weighted mean, and ANOVA were used for analysis. The findings indicated that the community is aware and knowledgeable about human trafficking, however, some people still do not understand the nature, extent and concept of human trafficking due to their reliance on the media rather than direct participation as a social responsibility. The level of awareness and knowledge among the different group of respondents significantly varies since they have different level of perception. Further, along with other media platforms including the internet, seminars at the barangay level, radio, newspapers, seminars at educational institutions, posters, and pamphlets to familiarize the public with human trafficking, the majority preferred television as their primary source of information.
Travelogue as Supplementary Learning Tool Towards Students’ Historical Thinking Skills
Authors: Reyes Mark Ed M. , Salvador Nelia T.
Published: December 2022

The study utilized experimental-developmental quantitative research design through the use of teacher-made and expert-validated survey questionnaire, pretest and posttest to find the effects of researcher-designed travelogue as a supplementary learning tool in improving the historical thinking skills of fifty (50) Grade 7 students in a public high school in San Pablo City. Results showed that as to the learners’ attitude toward learning styles, visual, auditory, and kinesthetic modalities sometimes apply to them. As to the level of interest, the students were generally interested in the topics for Araling Panlipunan 7. Scores of the respondents as to historical thinking skills were generally also shifted from the satisfactory, very satisfactory ranges to the outstanding range. This is true for sourcing, corroborating, contextualizing, close reading and explicit instruction. Statistical tests for relationships and differences also reflected significant difference on the historical thinking skills of the learners implying that the use of travelogue has improved the skills of the learners and only visual related to explicit instruction and auditory to corroborating. This concludes that the attitudes of the learners toward learning styles partially relate to some of the historical thinking skills.
El uso de plantas alimentarias no convencionales (PANC) en la gastronomía brasileña
Authors: Fantinel Roberta , Ceretta Caroline , Cecchin João , Armanin Guilherme
Published: December 2022

Las plantas alimenticias denominadas no convencionales (PANCs) tienen un crecimiento espontáneo y muchas veces son consideradas como hierbas malas. Sin embargo, muchos de ellas tienen importancia ecológica, económica y gastronómica. Desde esta perspectiva, el objetivo principal de este trabajo fue identificar algunas especies de plantas alimenticias no convencionales (PANC) que se encuentran en Brasil para su utilización con fines gastronómicos. Específicamente, la investigación buscó realizar un inventario de las plantas populares utilizadas para la elaboración de platos típicos en las regiones brasileñas, identificándolas como apreciación de la cultura local. Metodológicamente se caracteriza como un estudio exploratorio y cualitativo. Se desarrolló una investigación bibliográfica mediante el uso de fuentes en revistas científicas, libros, disertaciones, tesis, informes y sitio web, sobre los principales PANC utilizados en gastronomía. Posteriormente, la selección de trabajos se realizó teniendo en cuenta la siguiente información: nombre científico de la especie, nombre común, procedencia (autóctona o exótica), familia, características de la especie y uso en el ámbito gastronómico. Los resultados indican que los PANCs se distribuyen en una gran variedad, tienen un gran potencial en la gastronomía, siendo un factor motivador para su inclusión en los menús. Se destaca que el uso de PANCs ha ido creciendo cada vez más en el ámbito gastronómico, donde los chefs y cocineros buscan nuevas fuentes de alimentos ricos en vitaminas y que sean cultivados de forma más natural, brindando la experiencia de disfrutar diferentes platos y bebidas utilizando estos ingredientes no convencionales. Dado que la innovación es un esencial para los restaurantes, el uso de las PANCs podría convertirse en una estrategia para diversificar los menús y la soberanía alimentaria. Finalmente, es importante señalar que son fundamentales más estudios sobre la flora brasileña en relación con las PANC, para que pueda ser utilizada de forma saludable, consciente y sostenible. Además, es fundamental saber identificar y conocer los componentes de las PANCs, para poder evitar cualquier tipo de intoxicación alimentaria.
ncidencia y características clínicas del síndrome post COVID-19 en la población adulta de Tungurahua, marzo 2020-enero 2022
Authors: Romo Ángel , Terán Cristina , Gavilanes María
Published: December 2022

La infección por coronavirus ha traído múltiples presentaciones existiendo confusión en definiciones como: COVID prolongado y síndrome post COVID; este último es el grupo de signos y síntomas que se presentan en un paciente luego de 3 meses de la infección. Objetivo: determinar la incidencia y las características clínicas del síndrome post COVID-19, en nuestro medio. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una encuesta a través de Google académico a las personas adultas que viven en Tungurahua. Los resultados fueron consolidados en una base de datos y se dividieron en dos grupos, el grupo 1 el diagnóstico de COVID-19 por algún facultativo, el grupo 2 fue de control, se realizó un análisis de frecuencia de los signos y síntomas y se analizó la relación con el diagnóstico previo de COVID-19. Resultados: Un gran número de pacientes presentaba algún síntoma, el más frecuente fue: pérdida del olfato (37 – 5,7%), luego adinamia, efluvio telógeno, hipogeusia, fatiga, ansiedad y depresión (4,5%; 4,5%; 3.7%; 3,3%; 3,3 % respectivamente), casi la mitad de los pacientes recibió tratamiento sintomático (49%) y un porcentaje importante (46 %) antibióticos, siendo la duración menor de 15 días en su mayoría. Conclusiones y recomendaciones: Las manifestaciones post COVID-19 son numerosos y muy frecuentes, por lo tanto, se requiere el conocimiento de todas las ramas de la salud, para poder tomar los correctivos y evitar estas manifestaciones que han producido limitaciones temporales tanto en lo personal como en lo laboral a una gran parte de la población afectada.
Síndrome anémico en la edad adulta tardía en una población de la sierra ecuatoriana
Authors: Manobanda-Lozada Gabriela , Ramos Martha , Razo Miriam , Chérrez-Ramírez Andrés
Published: December 2022

La anemia es el descenso de la concentración de hemoglobina e incapacidad de eritropoyesis para compensar la pérdida excesiva de eritrocitos. La población más vulnerable al síndrome anémico (SA) son personas mayores de 60 años, quienes representan alrededor del 12% del total de la población latinoamericana. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la prevalencia del SA en adultos entre 60 a 75 años en 4 parroquias de la ciudad de Ambato en base a valores de hemoglobina (HGC), eritrocitos (RBC) y hematocritos (HCT), durante un periodo de 8 días (12-20 Jul 2022). Se utilizó un diseño descriptivo, transversal, de campo. Con razón de probabilidades (Odd Ratio) en base al Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) de los pacientes, y la prevalencia de SA con respecto al número total de pacientes. La muestra de estudio fue de 52 de 100 pacientes geriátricos, y se determinó que, en 2 de los 4 sitios, hubo un paciente con nivel elevado de hematíes (6,06 106/Ul), y otro paciente con niveles superiores de HGB (19 g/dL) y HCT (59%), sin embargo, no se evidenció ningún caso de anemia debido a la ingesta adecuada en los alimentos consumidos por parte de la población establecida. La probabilidad de presentar SA en los cuatro sitios de estudio es de nula a muy baja, con una prevalencia de 0,045% incluyendo todos los pacientes.
Propuesta de creación de un banco de leche humana en el servicio de neonatología, Instituto Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes
Authors: Vargas José
Published: December 2022

Proponer la creación de un banco de leche humana en el Servicio de Neonatología “Dr. José de Jesús Avendaño” del IAHULA. Método: La investigación se abordó desde el paradigma positivista-cuantitativo; diseño no experimental, de tipo descriptivo, se centró en una propuesta, asumiendo el proyecto factible, se apoyó en una investigación de campo en la fase diagnóstica; se consideraron profesionales de la salud del IAHULA, así como las madres lactantes que se encontraban en el Servicio de Neonatología. Resultados: Se realizó el diseño de la propuesta y se evaluó la factibilidad. Conclusiones: se determinó que la propuesta es factible de ser aplicada en el contexto de estudio.
MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN BANK SAMPAH BERBASIS SOCIOPRENEUR DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN EKONOMI KELUARGA DI WILAYAH LIMO DEPOK
Authors: Colia Rosali Sembiring , Miguna Astuti  , Marlina Marlina
Published: December 2022

Beberapa tahun belakangan isu masalah lingkungan terkait sampah yang menjadi media pencemaran bagi alam dan kondisi TPA yang penuh sehingga perlu dilakukan penanggulangan salah satunya melalui pembentukan Bank Sampah. Kegiatan ini dilakukan pada Bank Sampah “Sawo kencana” dengan pendekatan partisipatif menggunakan teknik pelaksanaan pengabdian ‘participatory rural appraisal’ yang dilakukan dengan 3 (tiga) orang peserta. Pada pengabdian ini, teridentifikasikan tiga permasalahan prioritas pada Bank Sampah “Sawo Kencana” Sehingga, hasilnya memberikan solusi yang ditawarkan tim pengabdi terkait permasalahan tersebut antara lain yaitu (1) Pendampingan pengadaan alat produksi dalam hubungannya dengan supply chain berupa storage dan mesin pencacah sampah (2) pelatihan dan pendampingan sumber daya manusia dalam hal penyusunan laporan keuangan, implementasi fungsional dalam struktur serta pengetahuan sociopreneur, (3) Pelatihan dan pendampingan kegiatan pemasaran dengan website dan media sosial.
Design-Based Implementation Research Baseline Data Collection Summary Report
Authors: Koomar Saalim , Adam Taskeen , Massam WinstonEdward , Anthony Gervace , Mrope Winifrida Jacob , Mwakabungu Fika , Mtenzi Fredrick
Published: December 2022

An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Bio-based Polyurethane Derived from Carbon Dioxide and Epoxidized Soybean Oil
Authors: Piyataksanon Naruebhorn , Suttiruengwong Supakij , Seadan Manus
Published: December 2022

The synthesis of polyurethane relies on a toxic and petroleum-based isocyanate reactant. The aim of this research was to synthesize Polyurethane using environment-benign and renewable starting materials such as carbon dioxide and soybean oil. The carbonated soybean oil was first prepared from carbon dioxide (CO2) and epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) using zinc glutarate (ZnGA) as a catalyst but the result of FTIR indicated the absence of the peak of cyclic carbonate around 1800 cm-1. Therefore, in this work, the synthesis of Polyurethane was modified from A. Lee (Lee & Deng, 2015) using tetramethylammonium bromide (TBAB) as a catalyst. The as-synthesized carbonated soybean oil (CSBO) was allowed to react with two types of substances, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or diethylenetriamine with the molar ratios of cyclic carbonate:NH2 of 1:1 with THF or DMF as solvents to obtain Polyurethanes (U1THF, U1DMF, U2THF, U2DMF). After 3 hours lignin solution was added to form a film. Raman spectra confirmed the catalyst removal from CSBO. FTIR spectra showed the peak around 1800 cm-1 assigned to cyclic carbonate of CSBO, and a new peak of urethane linkage around 1700 cm-1 (C=O stretching) of Polyurethanes. The conversion of epoxide to cyclic carbonate was also confirmed by 1H-NMR. Upon adding lignin into the Polyurethanes, the lignin-urethane U1THF, and U1DMF formed films whereas U2THF, and U2DMF formed viscous liquids. In terms of applications, all four formulations can be potentially applied as bioadhesives.
Feeding Hungry Soils of Northern Ghana using Kitchen Waste as Compost
Authors: Korku Dorgbetor Isaac
Published: December 2022

The soils of northern Ghana are mostly undeveloped and characterized by poor fertility and productivity especially towards the Sahara desert. The issue of climate change affecting rainfall patterns and high cost of fertilizers further exacerbates issues surrounding productive soils and food security. Waste separation is not a common practice in both rural and urban areas of the country. Domestic composting of kitchen waste is therefore not a popular practice amongst small holder farmers in the area, as they mostly rely on subsidized fertilizers and waste from livestock and other animals to improve their soils. The Regentropfen College of Applied Sciences in Ghana has however mapped out a research plan that sought to use kitchen waste from their students’ hostel and model schools to promote nutrient cycling in their ecosystem to produce 100% organic food products to sustain its community. The intervention will eventually be scaled up in the immediate community (Bongo district) after implementation. The main ideology of this endeavour is to promote sustainable agriculture, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable livelihoods for all. This article is therefore a mini review on the subject matter.
Orphan Lines and Orphan Songs: Poetics and Pragmatics of Kmhmu Parallel Verse
Authors: Proschan Frank
Published: December 2022

The sung verse of Kmhmu highlanders involves a complex and unique system of pervasive canonical parallelism. “Reverse words” in the first member of a parallel set rhyme in a crosswise relation with their meaningful counterparts in the second member of the set. Within this system, some singers employ “orphan lines,” where only the first member is sung, and listeners must guess what the meaningful line would be. Roman Jakobson's encouragement to examine such orphan lines in terms of their “near and distant” environment is taken as inspiration to explore the image of parentless children in Kmhmu songs about orphans and to suggest lessons for our own ethnographic practice.
On Not Seeing What Lies Open to View in Wittgenstein and Whitehead: A Response to Jerry H. Gill and Richard McDonough
Authors: Ramal Randy
Published: December 2022

In this article, I discuss two recent accounts of potential philosophical links between Whitehead and Wittgenstein, one by Jerry H. Gill (Process Studies 43.1) and a response to it by Richard McDonough (Process Studies 45.2). I argue that Gill and McDonough fail to do full justice to the views of Whitehead and Wittgenstein on language and the nature of philosophy. I also argue that they miss an obvious link between Whitehead and Wittgenstein that would have made the engagement with their works more productive. Borrowing a metaphor from Wittgenstein, I argue that Gill and McDonough not only fail to see what is open to view regarding the views of Whitehead and Wittgenstein on language and philosophy, but also regarding their agreement on the transcendent nature of values as such.
On the Trail of Whitehead: Part Two: The Emergence of Whitehead’s Metaphysics, 1925–29
Authors: Lucas George R.
Published: December 2022

This is the second installment in a series that reports on the progress of some of the more interesting discoveries emerging from ongoing work on the new and comprehensive critical edition of Whitehead being published by Edinburgh University Press. This installment deals, as the subtitle indicates, with the emergence of Whitehead’s metaphysics from 1925 until 1929. The first installment appeared in Process Studies 45.1.
Whitehead and Efficient Causation: The Physical as Conceptual Realization
Authors: Mir Amene
Published: December 2022

Whitehead’s understanding of efficient causation is developed in reaction against the prevailing worldview of his scientific and philosophical predecessors’ material abstraction, bodily sensationalism, subject-object bifurcation, and partial subjectivism. Whitehead believed these ideas precluded the development of any satisfactory account of causal relation and connectivity. His response is to offer a forensic account of the nature of subjective experience within which causal efficacy could be accommodated. Yet Whitehead’s position has its own problems. In response, this article argues for a primordial basis to causal connectivity and for understanding physical causation in terms of conceptual realization.
The Helios Theory: The Sun as a Self-Regulating System and as a Cosmic Living Organism
Authors: Grandpierre Attila
Published: December 2022

I summarize here the recent scientific achievements exploring the causal chain of solar activity. Following the causal chain has led to a novel, comprehensive picture, including system-level regulation of local processes, such as the mass flows in the solar interior. I call attention to some crucial aspects of solar activity and present a series of facts that demand a revision of the old picture, according to which the Sun is a mere “hot ball of gas.” For example, the magnetic changes of solar activity are accelerated more than a billion times faster in comparison to theoretical expectations. The closer aspects of the comprehensive picture show that the mass flows accelerating magnetic changes deviate significantly from their physically prescribed behavior corresponding to the given physical conditions of the solar interior. I argue that they must be orchestrated in a highly sophisticated manner. Another novel aspect that has been found is that the dynamo process is not enough to give an account of the magnetic cycle, since a regulative factor is needed to make the dynamo a machine. I show that the existence of a machine within the Sun introduces novel conceptual issues transcending the conceptual framework of physics. The novel problems have guided my search for the ultimate causes of solar activity toward biology. I present arguments showing the difference between the thermodynamic behavior of far-from-equilibrium open systems and the non-physical behavior of solar activity initiated by biological causes determining and organizing quantum uncertainties. Remarkably, the results fit adequately with the Whiteheadean view of organizational duality and show that the Sun can be regarded as a compound individual.