bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Framing the Problem of Flood Risk and Flood Management in Metropolitan Los Angeles
Authors: Ulibarri Nicola , Valencia-Uribe Claudia , Sanders Brett F. , Schubert Jochen , Matthew Richard , Forman Fonna , Allaire Maura , Brady David
Published: November 2022

This paper develops the concept of flood problem framing to understand decision-makers’ priorities in flood risk management in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Region in California (LA Metro). Problem frames shape an individual’s preferences for particular management strategies and their future behaviors. While flooding is a complex, multifaceted problem, with multiple causes and multiple impacts, a decision-maker is most likely to manage only those dimensions of flooding about which they are aware or concerned. To evaluate flood decision-makers’ primary concerns related to flood exposure, vulnerability, and management in the LA Metro, we draw on focus groups with flood control districts, city planners, nonprofit organizations, and other flood-related decision-makers. We identify numerous concerns, including concerns about specific types of floods (e.g., fluvial vs pluvial) and impacts to diverse infrastructure and communities. Our analyses demonstrate that flood concerns aggregate into three problem frames: one concerned with large fluvial floods exacerbated by climate change and their housing, economic, and infrastructure impacts; one concerned with pluvial nuisance flooding, pollution, and historic underinvestment in communities; and one concerned with coastal and fluvial flooding’s ecosystem impacts. While each individual typically articulated concerns that overlapped with only one problem frame, each problem frame was discussed by numerous organization types, suggesting low barriers to cross-organizational coordination in flood planning and response. This paper also advances our understanding of flood risk perception in a region that does not face frequent large floods.

Significance Statement

This paper investigates the primary concerns that planners, flood managers, and other decision-makers have about flooding in Southern California. This is important because the way that decision-makers understand flooding shapes the way that they will plan for and respond to flood events. We find that some decision-makers are primarily concerned with large floods affecting large swaths of infrastructure and housing; others are concerned with frequent, small floods that mobilize pollution in low-income areas; and others are concerned with protecting coastal ecosystems during sea level rise. Our results also highlight key priorities for research and practice, including the need for flexible and accessible flood data and education about how to evacuate.
Promoting Democracy Under Electoral Authoritarianism: Evidence From Cambodia
Authors: Hyde Susan D. , Lamb Emily , Samet Oren
Published: November 2022

After many decades and billions of dollars spent, the effects of foreign democracy promotion interventions remain poorly understood, particularly in authoritarian contexts. Do these external interventions contribute to the building blocks of democratization and democratic consolidation under autocracy? Do these potential contributions come at the cost of bolstering autocrats’ credibility? This article presents a randomized study of a democracy promotion program undertaken by a prominent international non-governmental organization (INGO) in rural Cambodia, in which elected parliamentarians from multiple political parties interacted with constituents. The intervention had relatively large effects on individuals’ knowledge about politics and self-reported political engagement but, crucially, did not give citizens increased confidence in Cambodia’s “democracy,” suggesting a role for democracy promotion without whitewashing the authoritarian nature of Cambodian politics. Overall, the results suggest that democracy promotion under authoritarianism can foster a more engaged and informed citizenry without lending undue credibility to an authoritarian system.
Differences in the COVID-19 Pandemic Response between South Korea and the United States: A Comparative Analysis of Culture and Policies
Authors: Song Sooho , Choi Yunhee
Published: November 2022

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has varied across countries. Some countries controlled the virus relatively well, while others did not. In the United States, almost a million people died. However, South Korea’s death toll is only about 12,000 even though its population is about one-sixth of the United States. What caused the difference? We argue that public compliance to government direction is the primary reason. South Korea’s collective culture valuing communal benefits helped the people conform to government directions, such as mask wearing in public places. By contrast, American people resisted the government policies that restrict individual freedom due to the individualistic culture. In South Korea, historical experiences of relatively frequent national crises led to the rise of defensive nationalism, resulting in national union. However, the United States had relatively fewer national crises, and thus nationalism did not rise. Instead, national division, xenophobia, and hatred toward Asians prevailed in the United States. Besides the cultural differences, differences in national leader’s characteristics, past experiences of public health crisis, and political system also contributed to the different outcomes of the crisis.
Qualitative Research on Cannabis Use Among Youth: A Methodological Review
Authors: Colonna Robert , Knott Melissa , Kim Sean , Bagajati Reem
Published: November 2022

Recreational cannabis legalization has encouraged research regarding cannabis use among youth, especially the use of qualitative approaches. In fact, alcohol and drug use journals have recently encouraged qualitative submissions and provided criteria to ensure “high-quality” research. This study provides an objective account of the qualitative approaches used by researchers in this field and discusses implications for future research. A methodological review was conducted for studies published between January 2010 and November 2019. Targeted keyword searches in four research databases returned 1956 unique records. Pairs of reviewers independently screened records against eligibility criteria and charted data for study philosophical positioning, methodology, study aims, sampling, sample, data collection, and data analysis. 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. Several gaps in study quality criteria are observed: less than half of the studies specified the overarching methodology and just two stated philosophical positioning, with some methods unjustified. Implications for future research are discussed.
A Meta-Study of Posttraumatic Growth and Coping Strategies
Authors: Eissenstat SunHee J. , Kim Soyeon , Kim Boyoung
Published: November 2022

The present study examined the relationship between posttraumatic growth (PTG) and different types of coping strategies to explain the mechanism underlying PTG. It also considered whether the relationship takes on different patterns in different cultures, thereby expanding on the existing literature regarding PTG. Initially, we found 666 articles published and unpublished between 2013 and 2020. All potentially eligible studies were examined based on the inclusion criteria for this study. The inclusion criteria ultimately yielded total of 96 studies. The findings of this meta-analysis indicate that the relationship varies depending on the coping strategy and culture. Moreover, identifying the coping strategies involved in overcoming traumatic events may be the key to differentiating real PTG from illusory PTG. The results show that PTG has different correlations with the four groups of coping strategies: problem-focused coping, positive emotion-focused coping, negative emotion-focused coping, and unclassified coping.
Study on the microstructure characteristics, compression, and thermal insulation properties of duck down
Authors: Yu Wei-dong , Wang Lifang , Liu Hongling , Du Zhaoqun , Yu Weidong
Published: November 2022

The compression and insulation properties of down are crucial and need to be further explored. This article describes the average number and length of barbs increasing from 67 to 100 and from 11.90 to 26.00 mm with a rise of single down mass, respectively. The mass of a single down is lognormal, and the average value and maximum probability value of individual down mass are 1.46 and 0.62 mg, respectively. There is no significant difference in α helix or β sheet contents through peak deconvolution of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of the barbs and barbules. The compression recovery rates of single down are 58.29% and 58.94% in the x– x and y– y directions, respectively, due to the almost same structure in both directions. Further, the compression recovery rates of down with filling masses of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g decreased by 6.79%, 5.00%, and 7.31% after five consecutive compression cycles, respectively. The thermal conductivity of the down assembly first decreases to 0.024 W · m−1 · °C−1 and then increased with the compressive deformation, because the relative density and contact points of down fibers are changing. The study into the morphology structure, compression, and thermal properties of down will inspire the design and development of future synthetic insulation materials.
Kikuchi lymphadenitis: A differential diagnosis of tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis
Authors: Sharath Medha , Gupta Yogesh K.
Published: November 2022

Patients from countries, endemic with tuberculosis, who present with febrile lymphadenopathy refractory to first line antibiotics are often empirically treated for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. However, Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease (KFD) or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, a self-limiting and benign condition, presents with similar clinical symptoms. We present an adolescent with febrile lymphadenopathy, who was initially treated for tubercular lymphadenopathy, before a diagnosis of KFD was made.
Adolescents suppress emotional expression more with peers compared to parents and less when they feel close to others
Authors: Wylie Megan S. , De France Kalee , Hollenstein Tom
Published: November 2022

Adolescence is characterized by frequent emotional challenges, intense emotions, and higher levels of expressive suppression use than found in older populations. While evidence suggests that contingent expressive suppression use based on context is the most functional, it remains unclear whether adolescents use expressive suppression differentially based on social context. Because the peer relationship is highly salient in adolescence, the current study was designed to assess whether adolescents use expressive suppression differentially based on their social context. Adolescents ( N = 179, Mage = 13.94, 49.2% female) reported emotional events using experience sampling via a smartphone application for 14 days. Multilevel modeling revealed that adolescents used less expressive suppression when they were alone compared with when they were with people, and used more expressive suppression when they were with their peers compared with when they were with family. In addition, more closeness with family predicted less overall expressive suppression use, while closeness with peers did not influence the level of expressive suppression use within the peer context. We discuss the importance of peer relations in adolescence and the relationship between closeness and emotional expression.
Exposing the private, engaging in the public. Asylum seekers, intimate publics and normative performances of public participation
Authors: Giudici Daniela , Boccagni Paolo
Published: November 2022

By bringing together scholarship on affective (non)citizenship and critical geographies of public space, in this article we examine how the exposure of refugees’ intimate lives, private relationalities and personal histories mediate their conditional access to “the public”. Drawing on long-term ethnographic engagement in the field of asylum in Italy, we show how asylum seekers are confronted with changing patterns of obligation and dependency in both their private and public lives. On the one hand, the elicitation of multiple private life details is the only currency for them to negotiate with state institutions for a potential access to the “right to stay”. On the other hand, their conditional access to the “hosting community” is increasingly contingent on normative performances of public participation, which often involve domestic activities and intimate relations to be cultivated in public or semi-public spaces. These reconfigurations speak about broader redefinitions of the public sphere, oriented towards a rising importance of the intimate as a proper terrain of public legitimacy and inclusion. Yet, exposing the intimate self in the public does not guarantee recognition; rather, the normative incorporation of refugees in the public sphere most often naturalises their conditional belonging in the national space.
An emergency department nurse led intervention to facilitate serious illness conversations among seriously ill older adults: A feasibility study
Authors: Ouchi Kei , Lee Rachel S. , Block Susan D. , Aaronson Emily L. , Hasdianda Mohammad A. , Wang Wei , Rossmassler Sarah , Palan Lopez Ruth , Berry Donna , Sudore Rebecca , Schonberg Mara A. , Tulsky James A.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Serious illness conversations may lead to care consistent with patients’ goals near the end of life. The emergency department could serve as an important time and location for these conversations.

Aim:

To determine the feasibility of an emergency department-based, brief motivational interview to stimulate serious illness conversations among seriously ill older adults by trained nurses.

Design:

A pre-/post-intervention study

Settings/participants:

In an urban, tertiary care, academic medical center and a community hospital from January 2021 to January 2022, we prospectively enrolled adults ⩾50 years of age with serious illness and an expected prognosis <1 year. We measured feasibility outcomes using the standardized framework for feasibility studies. In addition, we also collected the validated 4-item Advance Care Planning Engagement Survey (a 5-point Likert scale) at baseline and 4-week follow-up and reviewing the electronic medical record for documentation related to newly completed serious illness conversations.

Results:

Among 116 eligible patients who were willing and able to participate, 76 enrolled (65% recruitment rate), and 68 completed the follow-up (91% retention rate). Mean patient age was 64.4 years (SD 8.4), 49% were female, and 58% had metastatic cancer. In all, 16 nurses conducted the intervention, and all participants completed the intervention with a median duration of 27 min. Self-reported Advance Care Planning Engagement increased from 2.78 pre to 3.31 post intervention (readiness to “talk to doctors about end-of-life wishes,” p < 0.008). Documentation of health care proxy forms increased (62–70%) as did Medical Order for Life Sustaining Treatment (1–11%) during the 6 months after the emergency department visit.

Conclusion:

A novel, emergency department-based, nurse-led brief motivational interview to stimulate serious illness conversations is feasible and may improve advance care planning engagement and documentation in seriously ill older adults.
Exploring the Relationships Between Project Complexity and Quality Management Approaches in Highway Construction Projects
Authors: Mohamed Mamdouh , Tran Dai Q.
Published: November 2022

Construction of a highway project often involves various materials that require different inspection methods. Some materials are sampled and tested, while others are accepted through a manufacturer’s certification or visual inspections. The objective of this study is to investigate how project complexity influences the selection of inspection methods for different types of materials. This study examined three main types of materials: project-produced, plant-produced, and standard manufactured materials. Data were collected from a national questionnaire survey and focus groups. Kruskal–Wallis and Spearman’s correlation tests were used to analyze data to explore the relationships between inspection methods and types of construction materials and project complexity. Three focus groups, including representatives from 11 state departments of transportation, were conducted to verify the result. This study found that sampling, testing, and visual inspection methods are significantly used to accept project-produced materials. Certification and visual inspection methods are significantly used for accepting standard manufactured materials. For accepting plant-produced materials, inspectors often use sampling and testing, certification, and visual inspection. The findings also indicated no direct relationships between project complexity and construction inspection methods. This study benefits both researchers and practitioners by examining the relationships between construction inspection methods, material production methods, and project complexity. The findings of this study uncover knowledge gaps in contemporary research related to construction material inspection and provide guidance for transportation agencies to develop inspection methods for their highway construction projects.
Taking the Unfilial Son to the Police: Family Conflicts and State Intervention in Republican Beijing
Authors: Qin Fang
Published: November 2022

This article, based upon 199 police reports of disobedience cases in Republican Beijing, examines the relationship between family and state in modern China. It argues that these cases, on the one hand, helped the family transfer the domestic crises to the state, and on the other hand, consolidated the state cult of filial piety and facilitated the everyday intervention of the state into society. But the collusion between family and state also led to some unexpected consequences, in which the state's representative institutions such as the police and the reformatory, with their availability and affordability, actually increased the visibility of filial impiety.
The first ‘hybrid’ Foulkes Lecture Study Day in the history of group analysis—‘From the couch to the circle to the streets and to the screens’
Authors: Puschbeck-Raetzell Maria , López Levy Marcela
Published: November 2022

We were part of this year’s Foulkes Lecture and Study Day (GASi, 2022) and we were left with strong feelings and much to process. I, Maria, reached out to Marci to try to make sense of it all, and we became curious of what might emerge from sharing Marci’s experience in the group in London and Maria’s experience in the online group.
Transpiration effect on Falkner-Skan bioconvective mixed nanoliquid flow above a poignant wedge
Authors: Sandeep N. , Nanda P. , Ashwinkumar G.P.
Published: November 2022

Numerical computations are executed to investigate the consequence of the Buongiorno slip mechanism and radiative heat on gyrotactic microorganisms containing Casson cross nanoliquid flow across a moving wedge. The mixed nanofluid comprises magnesium and copper oxide (MgO and CuO) nanoparticles pondered in water. The bioconvection Falkner-Skan flow governing equations are resolved using the BVP5C Matlab package. Simultaneous solutions are drawn for suction and injection cases. Plots illustrate the effect of pertinent physical factors on flow, thermal, diffusion, and motile organism density. The wall friction, energy rate, and mass transmission are interpreted via tables. The outcomes reveal that the consequence of embedded features on the bioconvective mixed nanoliquid stream are substantial in the suction case as matched with injection case. The deposition of MgO and CuO nanomaterials raises the heat transmission of the base liquid to a more significant level. Further, the Buongiorno slip mechanism parameter intensifies the thermal outlines and decays the energy transport rate for suction/injection cases. The major applications of current investigation can be found in geothermal energy systems.
Evaluation of dynamic derailment in a railway switch considering the longitudinal impacts caused by vehicle retarder
Authors: Lai Jun , Xu Jingmang , Chen Yu , Zheng Zhaoguang , Wang Jian , Wang Ping
Published: November 2022

The operating conditions at the railway marshalling station are quite complicated, featuring low-speed turnouts, sharp curves, and vehicle retarders. Train derailments frequently occur in the switch panel. However, the passive safety and derailment behaviour considering the longitudinal impacts are still not clearly understood. With this aim in mind, a three-dimensional freight wagon-track (turnout) dynamic interaction model considering the impacts between wagons in longitudinal direction is established. The braking of the vehicle retarder on wheels is also simulated. The comparative analysis between the simulation results and field observation for the derailment is presented. The derailment limits along the switch are assessed based on 3D quasi-static analysis and numerical simulation. The results show that the longitudinal impact from the rear wagon can significantly increase the derailment risk when an empty wagon located in the middle passes through the vehicle retarder and switch. As the side wear depth of the switch rail increases to 5 mm, the vertical wheel rise at the front of the switch increases from 0 to 4.73 mm even though the other parameters keep an ideal level. Proper measures such as rail grinding and lubricating are suggested to be adopted for optimizing wheel-rail contact relationships and improving running safety.
Book review: Liu Li (2020), An Introduction to Science of Science Communication
Authors: An-bo Ren , Yong-wei Wang
Published: November 2022

Liu Li (2020), An Introduction to Science of Science Communication. China Science and Technology Press. ISBN: 9787504688590 (Hardback).
Acute liver injury induced by drug interaction between dacomitinib and metoprolol due to the inhibition of CYP2D6 by dacomitinib
Authors: Qiu Xuejia , Ren Bingnan , Lian Yufei , Fang Lingzhi , Dong Zhanjun
Published: November 2022

Introduction

In recent years, oral antineoplastic agents are commonly used in antitumor therapy. The interaction between drugs may affect the efficacy of drugs or lead to adverse reactions. We describe the case of a patient who presented acute liver injury, possibly induced by the concomitant use of metoprolol and dacomitinib.

Case report

A 62-year-old male patient with non-small cell lung cancer was admitted for anti-cancer treatment. He regularly took metoprolol tartrate 12.5 mg, 2/day for hypertension. He was treated with dacomitinib according to EGFR Exon21 L858R positive. After 3 days of dacomitinib, the patient's alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and glutathione aminotransferase (AST) increased, and the heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the patient decreased significantly. The patient was diagnosed with acute liver injury.

Management and outcomes

Dacomitinib was discontinued and glutathione, magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate were given to treat acute liver injury. Two days after discontinued dacomitinib, the patient's heart rate increased, but the ALT and AST of the patient elevated again. Metoprolol tartrate was subsequently discontinued and the ALT and AST gradually decreased and the patient discharged from the hospital eight days later with his liver function improved.

Discussion

To our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature of acute liver injury possibly induced by the interaction between metoprolol and dacomitinib. The interaction most likely arose because dacomitinib is a CYP2D6 strong inhibitor and could therefore impair the metabolism of metoprolol (a CYP2D6 substrate) and increase its serum concentration. Therefore, hepatic function should be carefully monitored in patients treated with dacomitinib and metoprolol and other inhibitors or inducers of CYP2D6.
Open Versus Closed Group Treatment of Men with a History of Sexual Offenses
Authors: Stevenson Emily K , Thomas Stuart DM , Daffern Michael
Published: November 2022

Treatment programs for people with histories of sexual violence form a critical part of criminal justice service rehabilitation. Completion of these programs is often a precondition of release. Meta-analytic reviews suggest moderate benefit is associated with treatment completion, although effect sizes vary. This study examined whether commencement of open versus closed group programs was associated with treatment completion and recidivism. Participants were 426 adult men who commenced treatment between April 1, 2014, and December 31, 2017. Participants were followed-up until June 30, 2018. Programs varied by type (open versus closed), location (in-custody versus in-community) and intensity (moderate versus high). No significant differences were observed between open and closed programs for treatment completion but men who were treated in-custody were more likely to complete treatment when compared to those men who commenced treatment in the community. No significant differences were observed between open and closed programs for sexual or for any recidivism.
Architecturations of Pentecostal Power: Contribution to a Sociology of Pentecostal Auditoriums
Authors: Katsaura Obvious
Published: November 2022

This article examines Pentecostal architecture as an expression and apparatus of “Pentecostal power.” Referencing the “new” auditorium of the Deeper Christian Life Ministries in Gbagada, Lagos, the article analyzes the “architecturations”—expressions, materializations, and activations through iconic Pentecostal buildings—of Pentecostalism’s spatial, political, corporeal, symbolic, and economic power. This article coins and develops the concept of architecturations of Pentecostal power by predominantly undergirding it with Bourdieu’s conceptual tripartite of field, habitus, and capital. It contributes to embryonic sociology of Pentecostal architecture against a backdrop of its relative neglect in the literatures that have begun to recount Pentecostalism as an urban signifier.
Occupant’s thermal comfort in a radiant ceiling cooling room with hot wall surface
Authors: Wu Xiaozhou , Liu Genglin , Tian Zhen , Gao Jie
Published: November 2022

A radiant ceiling cooling (CC) system integrated with a mechanical ventilation system was extensively applied in a modern office in a glass curtain wall building. Thermal comfort in a radiant ceiling cooling room with mixing ventilation (MV) or underfloor air distribution (UFAD) was investigated by objective measurements and subjective questionnaires. The external wall surface temperature and mean radiant temperature were 33.9–34.6°C and 27.2–27.4°C, respectively, with a heat transfer of 41.5 W/m2 from the external wall and 37.8–38.6°C and 27.4–28.2°C with a heat transfer of 69.5 W/m2 from the external wall. The indoor air velocity in the occupied zone was 0.17–0.23 m/s in the room with CC+MV and 0.09–0.16 m/s in the room with CC + UFAD. There was a considerable difference between occupants’ thermal perceptions with different distances away from the external wall. Both the ventilation system type and hot wall surface temperature did not influence occupants’ overall thermal perceptions, but their local thermal sensation and skin temperature. The results suggest that the impacts of ventilation system type and hot wall surface temperature on occupants’ local thermal response should be considered during the design of a radiant ceiling cooling system combined with a mechanical ventilation system.
Amplifying marginalised consumers’ voices: A case for trauma-informed qualitative methodologies
Authors: Crosby Elizabeth , McKeage Kim , Rittenburg Terri L , Adkins Natalie R
Published: November 2022

The lived experiences of marginalised consumers are relatively absent in the marketing canon. In this article, we propose layering a trauma-informed approach onto the qualitative research methodologies of depth-interviewing and collaging to enhance the voices of marginalised consumers. Although marketing researchers are trained to consider potential risks to research participants, little formal guidance exists on how to negotiate the research space when the phenomenon of interest involves or intersects with consumer marginalisation. Application of a trauma-informed approach (TIA) not only offers a path toward effective methodologies to better understand the lived experiences of marginalised consumers, but also provides a method to amplify their voices. Adopting a TIA approach ensuring informants’ physical and emotional safety can build trust, engage informants in the research process, and encourage open, honest responses among marginalised consumers who often feel disenfranchised in the marketplace.
Development of a hybrid model to plan segment based optimal promotion strategy
Authors: Ekinci Yeliz , Güran Aysun
Published: November 2022

The study addresses the long-term effects of promotions in terms of movement in a value-based segmentation (lead, iron, gold, platinum), instead of simply looking at response rates that occur shortly after the promotion. The study develops a framework for planning an optimal promotion strategy via Markov Decision Processes and Machine Learning methods for an online department store. In the first phase, the states are set as the customer profitability segments in order to conduct the MDPs. Then, MDP model is solved, and the optimal decision for each segment is determined. In the second phase, in order to aid the company for making their plans for the next year, the segment that the customer will belong to next year should be predicted. Prediction of the future customer profitability segment is performed by using several machine learning algorithms, and the best performing model is selected. Using this best performing model, the company can predict the future (potential) profitability segment of the customer and make plans which include the optimal promotions that will be directed to the customers depending on their segments (these optimal promotions are the outcomes of the first phase). The proposed framework can be applied by practitioners in e-commerce companies which keep customer data.
Few-shot pump anomaly detection via Diff-WRN-based model-agnostic meta-learning strategy
Authors: Zou Fengqian , Sang Shengtian , Jiang Ming , Li Xiaoming , Zhang Haifeng
Published: November 2022

As a critical component in agriculture, industry, and the military, pump anomaly detection has recently aroused wide attention, which requires deep and abundant development and application. Researchers emphasize deeper networks that are long vast computational resources despite insufficient training samples prepared. To break through this obstacle above, we propose a few-shot model-agnostic meta-learning strategy (MAMLS) model to mitigate the data scarcity problem. Inspired by the diffusive ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and Wide-Resnet (WRN), we made great strides by connecting diffusion (Diff) mechanism and self-adaptive Lr with MAMLS. We generate two classical synthetic datasets (circle and spiral) to clarify the diffusion algorithm’s capability to enhance the relationships and weaken the noise. The experimental results under synthetic data confirm that accuracy quickly reached 99% after several iterations. In an actual case anomaly detection study on the pumps simulation platform, the proposed Diff-WRN-MAMLS brings substantial advantages in saving hardware resources. Compared to current models, our model achieves 98% accuracy in 9-way 25-shot tasks. In the operating efficiency experiment, our algorithm only consumed 14.37 quality factors. The final experiment with four state-of-the-art model-agnostic meta-learning (MAML)-enhanced methods demonstrates the highest reliable test accuracy in different cases, reaching 98.5, 97.8, and 98.4%, respectively. Results showed that the proposed method will generalize surprisingly well in anomaly detection in future research.
Comparison of quadriceps muscle size and quality in adults with cystic fibrosis with different severities of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein dysfunction
Authors: Wu Kenneth , Michalski Anna , Sykes Jenna , Batt Jane , Stephenson Anne L , Mathur Sunita
Published: November 2022

Background

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction. CFTR protein is expressed in human skeletal muscle; however, its impact on skeletal muscle is unknown. The objectives of this study were to compare quadriceps muscle size and quality between adults with various severities of CFTR protein dysfunction.

Methods

We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study comparing 34 adults with severe versus 18 with mild CFTR protein dysfunction, recruited from a specialized CF centre. Ultrasound images of rectus femoris cross-sectional area (RF-CSA) and quadriceps layer thickness for muscle size, and rectus femoris echogenicity (RF-ECHO) (muscle quality) were obtained. Multivariable linear regression models were developed using purposeful selection technique.

Results

People with severe CFTR protein dysfunction had larger RF-CSA by 3.22 cm2, 95% CI (1.03, 5.41) cm2, p=.0049], after adjusting for oral corticosteroid use and Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization. However, a sensitivity analysis indicated that the result was influenced by the specific confounders being adjusted for in the model. We did not find any significant differences in quadriceps layer thickness or RF-ECHO between the two groups.

Conclusion

We found no differential impact of the extent of diminished CFTR protein activity on quadriceps muscle size or quality in our study cohort. Based on these findings, CFTR mutation status cannot be used differentiate leg muscle size or quality in people with CF.
Influencing factors of shielding effectiveness test of electromagnetic shielding clothing
Authors: Wang Xiuchen , Zhang Jian , Hang Gege , Wei Ying , Liu Zhe
Published: November 2022

There is no perfect method to test and evaluate electromagnetic shielding (EMS) clothing up to now. The main reason is that the influence laws of the emission source parameters and the test position on the shielding effectiveness (SE) of the EMS clothing has not been clarified. In this paper, the SE of the EMS clothing is tested using a semi anechoic chamber in the frequency range of 1–18 GHz. The variation of the SE of the clothing is explored when the emission source parameters and the test positions are different. It is found that the SE of the EMS clothing decreases obviously with the increase of the testing distance, and the decline degrees are different with different frequencies. The decline trend slows down and approaches stability as the distance increases to a certain extent. The influence of the emission source angle on the SE is closely related to the frequency and positive or negative effects are produced at different frequency points. The SE are low when the test points are in the leakage areas with seams and openings, and the SE are high in the normal area. Under certain conditions, the measured SE of the clothing is close to zero or even less than zero. That is, a dangerous frequency point is formed. The mechanism of the above-mentioned laws is analyzed, and a new multi-index composite evaluation method is proposed to scientifically evaluate the EMS clothing based on the comprehensive consideration of the influencing factors. This research has great significance to promote the scientific test, evaluation and relevant standard formulation of the EMS clothing, and provides a reference role for the design and production of the EMS clothing.
Application of Multiphoton Microscopic Imaging in Study of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Xiaoying , Zhang Di , Zhang Xiaochun , Xing Yuting , Wu Jihua , Sui Xinke , Huang Xin , Chang Guoqing , Li Lianyong
Published: November 2022

Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) imaging relies on the nonlinear interaction between ultrashort optical pulses and the samples to achieve image contrast. Featuring larger penetration depth, less phototoxicity, 3-dimensional sectioning capability, no need for labeling, MPM become a powerful medical imaging technique that can identify structural characteristics of tissues at the cellular and subcellular levels. In this review paper, we introduce the working principle of MPM imaging, present the current results of MPM imaging applied to the study of gastric tumors, and discuss the future prospects of this interdisciplinary research field.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Hydrogel Film Combined with Umbilical Cord Blood Platelet gel as an Innovative Tool for Chronic Wound Management: A Pilot Clinical Study
Authors: Foffa Ilenia , Janowska Agata , Fabbri Marco , Losi Paola , Ciabatti Elena , Gabbriellini Sabrina , Faita Francesco , Rosa Laura De , Dini Valentina , Mazzoni Alessandro , Romanelli Marco , Soldani Giorgio
Published: November 2022

Treatment of chronic leg ulcers remains a major challenge and it is a substantial financial burden on individuals, families, caregivers, and health care system. There is increasing evidence on using of autologous Platelet-rich-plasma in wound repair but limited clinical data are available on the efficacy and safety of the use of umbilical cord blood platelet gel (CBPG). In our pilot study, for the first time, we aimed to evaluated the safety and efficacy of the use of umbilical CBPG combined with a hydrogel dressing in 10 patients with chronic venous ulcers (VU). The protocol consisted of application of umbilical cord blood platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with a Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based hydrogel dressing once a week for 4 weeks. The 80% of patients after 4 weeks of treatment had a significantly decrease in wound size. Moreover, we obtained an improvement in terms of mean Wound Bed Score (WBS), numeric rating scale (NRS) value and the EQ-5D index score. This pilot study showed that the topically therapeutic administration of umbilical CBPG associated with a CMC-based hydrogel dressing has the potential to accelerate the healing of chronic lesions without adverse reaction. However, additional studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up periods are required to confirm our findings.
“It’s Really Hard to Have Your Own Place”: The At-Home Experiences of Latina/o/x Undergraduates During COVID-19
Authors: Martinez Eligio , Barraza Ever , Paredes Audrey D.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to understand the at-home lived experiences of Latina/o/x college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using Critical Race Theory as the guiding framework, the authors used storytelling to capture the at-home experiences of 19 Latina/o/x college students during the pandemic. Findings revealed how the pandemic shifted meaning of the home space, increased roles and responsibilities, and increased stress and mental health demands for students.
Connecting Disasters and Climate Change to the Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus
Authors: Mena Rodrigo , Brown Summer , Peters Laura E. R. , Kelman Ilan , Ji Hyeonggeun
Published: November 2022

As climate change increasingly affects the world, much is said about the rising amounts of aid required to support emergency response, long-term development to adapt, and peacebuilding to ensure that conflict does not undermine these efforts. Bringing these ideas together, some advocate for the addition of a separate climate change stream into the humanitarian, development, and peace/peacebuilding nexus (or triple nexus). Based on a critical literature review and synthesis, this article articulates and conceptualizes how climate change perspectives and actions should be integrated into the existing streams of the humanitarian, development, and peace/peacebuilding nexus, rather than being added as a separate stream. The analysis shows the risks of adding climate change as a stand-alone stream and advocates for developing long-term strategies that integrate climate change actions into humanitarian, development, and peacebuilding efforts to better serve all three.
Designing the Future? The Metaverse, NFTs, & the Future as Defined by Unity Users
Authors: Scheiding Ryan
Published: November 2022

The “metaverse” and non-fungible tokens (NFTs), though not necessarily “new” terms or technologies, have risen to mainstream prominence post-2020. This paper, based on survey data obtained from Unity Technologies, examines the metaverse, NFTs, and the future of development within the Unity engine from the perspective of current Unity users. Specifically, the paper examines how users define the metaverse, their goals in metaverse and NFT development, and their future questions and concerns concerning these concepts. This data is then used to place the metaverse and NFTs into broader historical, present, and future contexts. The paper ultimately argues: (1) the metaverse and NFTs follow previous historical trends in communication technology development, (2) development within Unity will continue to be split between game development and non-game development, and (3) arguments of the “newness,” “uniqueness,” or “future-facing” of the metaverse and NFTs help to obfuscate legitimate concerns about these technologies.
Nonlinear buckling analysis of tower crane structure based on movable boundaries
Authors: Gu Jinpeng , Qin Yixiao , Gao Haibiao , Yan Yue , Yang Junle , Yang Kaiyao , Mi Chenghong
Published: November 2022

The tower crane is a typical soaring and complex frame structure, and buckling is an important factor affecting its safety and carrying capacity. Considering the special characteristics of the boundary conditions for the boom structure, a numerical analysis method based on movable boundaries is proposed in this paper. In order to demonstrate the accuracy of the method, numerical analysis and stress tests are carried out on the tower crane. The results show that the numerical results are basically consistent with the experimental results. A geometric buckling analysis for extremely severe conditions is carried out in order to understand the buckling behaviors. The failure modes and complete load-response curves obtained for the tower crane are comprehensively analyzed. A dual (geometric and material) nonlinear buckling analysis of the tower crane is then investigated. Finally, the influences of the deflection load parameters on the buckling response of the tower crane are explored. It is demonstrated that bifurcation point buckling and limiting point buckling are excited by different deflection load parameters, respectively. The proposed method can accurately predict the buckling of the tower cranes, given the coupling of structure and mechanism, to ensure the safety of giant cranes in actual engineering use.
Comparison of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and surgical revision after intraoperative dilatation with biliary tract probes for arteriovenous fistula stenosis at juxta-anastomosis
Authors: Luo Fenxia , Huang Chunxiang , Yao Guoming , Zhou Jianfang , Lu Xiaoyan
Published: November 2022

Background

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is widely used for stenosis of vascular access (VA) for hemodialysis. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of both PTA and surgical revision after intraoperative dilatation with biliary tract probes for juxta-anastomotic stenosis in autogenous radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulas (RCAVFs).

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of PTA and surgical revision after intraoperative dilatation with biliary tract probes; these were the first interventions after RCAVF establishment in 112 patients with juxta-anastomotic stenosis. Anatomical (number of stenoses) and clinical variables (age and gender of the patient, time of hemodialysis, AVF age, presence of diabetes mellitus, and cause of end-stage renal disease) were reviewed. Technical success, clinical success, and post-intervention primary patency were evaluated.

Results

Our study enrolled 35 patients in the PTA group and 77 patients in the surgical revision group. Clinical and technical success rates of both groups were 100%. There were no complications, such as bleeding or hematomas. Using the Kaplan–Meier method, the post-intervention primary patency rates at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months in the PTA group were 100%, 94.28%, 77.1%, 60%, 54.29%, and 45.71%, respectively, and those in the surgical revision group were 100%, 94.81%, 92.2%, 90.91%, 81.82%, and 76.62%, respectively. The post-intervention primary patency rates at 9–24 months in the surgical revision group were significantly higher than those in the PTA group ( χ2 = 19.04, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

The post-intervention long-term primary patency rate of surgical revision after intraoperative dilatation with biliary tract probes is higher than that of PTA for the first intervention of patients with juxta-anastomotic stenosis in RCAVFs. The surgical revision method is safe and effective, especially in hospitals that have not yet carried out PTA.
Australian sonographers’ perceptions of patient safety in ultrasound imaging: Part 1 – identifying the main safety concerns, a qualitative study
Authors: McInerney John , Lombardo Paul , Cowling Cynthia , Roberts Simone , Sim Jenny
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

Patient safety has been an undervalued component of quality healthcare but is a challenging area of research. Ultrasound is the most common imaging modality in the world. Research on patient safety in ultrasound is generally focused on bioeffects and safe operation of ultrasound equipment. However, other safety issues exist in practice that warrant consideration. This paper forms the first part of a PhD study exploring patient safety in medical diagnostic ultrasound, beyond the notion of bioeffects. The ultimate aim of the study is to inform the final phase of the research study which will consider the next steps in improving the quality and safety of healthcare experienced by patients.

Methods:

A qualitative study using semi-structured, one-on-one interviews. A thematic analysis categorised data into codes and generated final themes.

Results:

A heterogeneous mix of 31 sonographers, who reflected the profile of the profession in Australia, were interviewed between September 2019 and January 2020. Seven themes emerged from the analysis. These were bioeffects, physical safety, workload, reporting, professionalism, intimate examinations and infection control.

Conclusion:

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of sonographers’ perceptions of patient safety in ultrasound imaging, not previously available in the literature. Consistent with the literature, patient safety in ultrasound tends to be viewed in technical terms through the potential for bioeffects of tissue damage or physical harm to the patient. However, other patient safety issues have emerged, and while not as well recognised, have the potential to negatively impact on patient safety.