bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„Maradj szépen otthon!” – Az X-, az Y- és a Z-generáció szabadidősport-fogyasztási szokásai a COVID-19 pandémia tükrében
Authors: Kiss Kornélia , Hegedüs Sára , Fekete Réka
Published: June 2022

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA

Noha a fejlett országokban a szabadidő mennyisége folyamatosan nő, a társadalom jelentős része nem használja megfelelően szabadidejét: főként passzív szabadidős tevékenységeket végez és idejének csekély részét fordítja aktív rekreációra. A 2019-ben megjelent, a világ minden szegletének életet felforgató koronavírus ezt a jelenséget felerősítette, a pandémia miatt bevezetett korlátozások a szabadidő-eltöltés egyes formáit jelentősen befolyásolták, másokat – köztük az utazásokat – egyenesen ellehetetlenítettek. Tanulmányunk célja a szabadidősport-fogyasztási szokások változásának vizsgálata a pandémia tükrében az X-, az Y- és a Z-generáció vonatkozásában.

AlALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN

Az aktív szabadidősport-fogyasztói magatartást, a sportfogyasztási szokásokat, az online és offline sportélmény-fogyasztást, illetve a sportmotivációt körüljáró kutatási kérdéseink megválaszolásához kvalitatív kutatást – ezen belül a mélyinterjú módszerét – alkalmaztuk.

LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK

Feltáró kutatásunk tanúsága alapján a koronavírus-járvány miatt bevezetett intézkedések az X-, az Y- és Z-generáció szabadidősport- és sportélmény fogyasztására egyaránt jelentős hatással voltak, új fogyasztási mintázatok jelentek meg. A sportszolgáltató egységek bezárása elsősorban a fiatalabb generációkat érintette, de összességében mindhárom generáció sportolási tevékenysége áthelyeződött otthoni és/vagy szabadtéri helyszínekre. Az online sportolási alternatívákat csupán a fiatalabb generációk „használják ki”, az X-generáció tagjai idegenkednek tőlük. A pandémia hatására főként a fiatalok kezdik átértékelni a sport egészségmegőrző funkcióját, növekvő egészségtudatosságuk a gyakoribb mozgásban és az egészséges életmódban ölt testet.

GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK

A világjárvány hatásárára kialakuló, a szabadidősport-fogyasztási szokásokban bekövetkező változások generáció-fókuszú vizsgálata új eredményekkel gazdagítja a szakirodalmat. 

Eredményeinket alapul véve a szabadidő- és turizmus ágazatban érintett szervezetek olyan döntéseket hozhatnak, amelyek során a generációk mentén képzett fogyasztói szegmensek jellemzőit figyelembe veszik. A COVID-19 járvány következtében kialakuló sportfogyasztási szokásváltozásokról szóló eredmények szintén hasznos implikációt jelenthetnek. Az életmódváltás előmozdításához, a fogyasztók megszólításához, az edukációs tartalmak kialakításához a különböző generációk sportfogyasztási szokásainak és sportmotivációjának ismerete jó alapot nyújthat.
Élelmiszervásárlási szokások a pandémia idején a Nyugat-Dunántúli régióban
Authors: Keller Veronika , Huszka Péter
Published: June 2022

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA

A tanulmány célja a 2020-as pandémiás helyzet miatt kialakult megváltozott és a járvány 2. hulláma alatti (2020 őszén) fogyasztói-vásárlói szokások feltérképezése volt szekunder és kvalitatív, illetve kvantitatív primer kutatási eredmények alapján.

ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN

A kutatás első lépéseként 2020 szeptemberében online mini fókuszcsoportos interjúkat készítettünk a családi életciklus különböző szakaszaiban lévő nőkkel. A felmérés második lépéseként 2020 októberében online önkitöltős kérdőív keretében vizsgáltuk a válaszadók élelmiszervásárlási szokásainak változását. A kutatás során a látogatott üzlettípusokat, az online élelmiszervásárlási hajlandóságot és az élelmiszerárak növekedését vizsgáltuk kereszttábla-, illetve varianciaelemzéssel két vásárlói csoportban - a vírus miatt kevesebbszer vásárlók és azok között, akiknek nem változott az élelmiszervásárlási szokása.

LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK

A kvalitatív kutatás rávilágított, hogy mindhárom vizsgált csoport – fiatalok, középkorúak, idősek – megijedt a vírustól, és változott az élelmiszervásárlási szokásuk, hiszen a járványügyi helyzet előtt gyakrabban jártak vásárolni. A kvantitatív kutatás igazolta, hogy a különböző üzletek ugyanolyan gyakorisággal látogatottak azok között, akiknek megváltozott az élelmiszervásárlási szokása, és akiknek nem. A vírustól félők és emiatt kevesebbszer vásárlók fogékonyabbak az online vásárlás kipróbálására. Összességében a válaszadók úgy gondolják, hogy jelentősen drágultak az élelmiszerek, különösen a kevesebbszer vásárlók.

GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK

Az online kiskereskedelem térhódítása mellett a fogyasztók óvatosabbak, tudatosabbak lettek, amit a pandémiás helyzet tovább fokoz. Ugyanakkor úgy gondoljuk, hogy az online élelmiszervásárlás nem válik általánosan elterjedté, a magyar lakosság továbbra is ragaszkodik a fizikai üzletekhez és vásárláshoz.
Aprovechamiento y preservación de los nidos de tortuga marina en México
Authors: Fuentes-Mascorro Gisela , Guerrero-Zarate Flor Nayeli , Vargas-Morado Karen Andrea , Zamudio-Castro Daihana , Rodríguez-Zermeño Fátima del Rocío , Razo-Negrete Sandra Lizbeth , Angel-Hernandez Arturo
Published: June 2022

Las tortugas marinas mexicanas se encuentran en la categoría “en peligro de extinción” de la NOM-59-Semarnat-2010. En México, se han creado vedas y áreas naturales protegidas que han apoyado a la restauración de la población de tortugas, especialmente las tortugas golfinas, cuya población es de más de 1 millón de individuos. En este trabajo se revisaron las estrategias actuales para la preservación de los nidos de tortuga marina, así como su aprovechamiento sustentable al ser un recurso de las costas oaxaqueñas. El consumo de tortuga y sus productos ha sido documentando desde la prehistoria y es parte de la cosmovisión de pueblos costeros, por lo que el gobierno mexicano ha realizado legislaciones para el aprovechamiento sustentable del huevo de tortuga golfina, permitiendo el consumo legal de huevo de tortuga y reduciendo el saqueo masivo de manera ilegal, abonando a la preservación de los nidos de tortuga y a la especie.
Técnica de ovariectomía con mínima invasión en caninos en México
Authors: López Iglesias Benedict Aarón , Frías Argüello Vanessa , García Rodríguez Janahi , Angel Hernandez Arturo
Published: June 2022

A medida que ha evolucionado la cirugía de mínima invasión en seres humanos, en la última década se ha extendido su uso en la práctica quirúrgica veterinaria. Durante el 2006, médicos veterinarios del Centro de Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad CES realizaron el adiestramiento y comenzaron a realizar cirugías laparoscópicas en caninos. Las técnicas de cirugía de mínima invasión rápidamente ganan espacios en la práctica quirúrgica veterinaria en el mundo y se constituyen en una alternativa de desarrollo de la profesión en el país y una alternativa de evolución profesional en el área de cirugía veterinaria. La ovariectomía laparoscópica y castración laparoscópica son técnicas eficientes para la esterilización de los caninos, siendo eficaz para eliminar la función endocrina testicular y la espermatogénesis en diferentes estudios independientes.
Importancia de factores relacionados con el bienestar animal para animales de experimentación
Authors: Hernández Luna Pamela Valentina , Ruiz Zermeño Aura Ariadna , Saldaña Pérez Luis , Romero Mata José Trinidad , García Munguía Carlos Alberto , Angel Hernández Arturo
Published: June 2022

La investigación con animales ha desempeñado un papel fundamental en casi cada uno de los descubrimientos médicos de la última década (Ferrer, 2022). Puesto que el uso de animales en experimentación ha ido en paralelo al desarrollo de la biomedicina. De ahí la importancia que estos tienen, por lo tanto, podemos definir como animal de laboratorio a todo aquel ser vivo no humano, vertebrado o invertebrado, usado para la experimentación y otros fines científicos (Guillen, 2012); su uso se basa, fundamentalmente, en la analogía fisiológica con la especie humana. Dentro de los aspectos éticos que se mencionan se debe de tener en cuenta que en la experimentación con animales se encuentran las instalaciones en las que se mantienen deben tener una temperatura, humedad, ventilación e iluminación adecuada y disponer de jaulas con un espacio adecuado. Estos aspectos éticos como lo son: las cinco libertades y las 3R, han sentado las bases para el estudio y mejoramiento del bienestar animal en la experimentación con animales (Conicyt, 2013). Cada país debe legislar el correcto cuidado y uso de los animales de experimentación y asegurar que gocen de las cinco libertades y las 3R (Wilber et al., 2016). Como no debe de olvidarse que dichos animales deben tener buena alimentación, así como un adecuado bienestar psicológico. (Aguilar et al, 2012). La investigación médica debe realizarse de manera que reduzca al mínimo el posible daño al medio ambiente, además está sujeta a normas éticas que sirven para promover y asegurar el respeto a todos los seres humanos y para proteger su salud y sus derechos individuales (Asociación Médica Mundial, 2017).
Formulas in Folk Verse and Folk Prose
Authors: Roper Jonathan
Published: June 2022

The existence of formulas in traditional songs of various kinds has been long recognized by scholars, and the presence of formulas in traditional tales has increasingly become a subject of discussion too. This prompts the question whether an individual who has a substantial repertoire of both songs and tales would use some of the same formulas in both these two modes. Or would it be the case that, as tales and songs have their own separate norms and rules, their formulas will not involve any significant similarities? To provide an initial response to such questions, this article draws upon verbal art documented in the third quarter of the twentieth century from one remarkable Newfoundlander, whose recorded repertoire included nineteen different tales and more than thirty songs.
“St. George’s Day Lamb” Victim and Empathy
Authors: Delić Lidija
Published: June 2022

In Serbian and Croatian, the word žrtva “sacrifice, victim” has two basic meanings: 1. a ritually executed person or animal as offering to a deity, and 2. a person who was killed by accident, through no fault of their own (in a car accident, a fire, by lightning, etc.), or someone who has suffered as a result of someone else’s actions (a victim of violence, cheating, conspiracy, etc.). On the basic level, the two meanings overlap and cover the same archaic notion of victim, which 1. links community to transcendental spheres (communication with god/s, based on a connection between giving and receiving in return, which is unquestionable in traditional cultures), or 2. acts as a (fundamental) way in which gods appear in the human world (punishment as proof of gods’ existence). In both cases, folk narratives abolish empathy with the victims (even if death comes for ritual reasons or as an exemplum) and often conceptualize the victim in animalistic terms (e.g., jagnje đurđevsko “St. George’s Day lamb”– a lamb slaughtered on the main spring holiday, St. George’s Day; kurban). The concept of communicating with god through the victim is radically criticized in modern literature, also in terms of the lamb (Thomas Mann, The Tables of the Law [Das Gesetz], 1944; Joseph and his brothers [Joseph und seine Brüder], 1933–1943; Jose Saramago, The Gospel According to Jesus Christ [O Evangelho Segundo Jesus Cristo], 1991; Cain [Caim], 2009).
U potrazi za mogutom ili o mogućim transformacijama jednog tradicijskog vjerovanja
Authors: Šešo Luka
Published: June 2022

U radu autor istražuje tradicijsko vjerovanje u nadnaravno biće mogut koje se javlja na području Turopolja. Budući da o tom vjerovanju postoji samo jedan rad koji je 1953. godine objavio Drago Chloupek, autor je proveo nova terenska istraživanja u Turopolju u jesen 2021. godine. Tijekom istraživanja nije pronašao jasna vjerovanja o mogutima koji mogu letjeti, boriti se s drugim mogutima u oblacima ili u šumi pretvoreni u svinje, nego samo svjedočenja o susretu s gorostasima odjevenim u crno koji se javljaju u misterioznim okolnostima i na liminalnim mjestima. Ti elementi koje prepoznajemo i kod moguta zrcale se u novoprikupljenim pričama o susretu s mračnjakom, mothmanom, železnim i drugim sličnim bićima. Svjestan da su tradicijska vjerovanja fluidna i promjenjiva ovisno o aktualnim psihosocijalnim, kulturnim i političkim stanjima (Fischer 2003: 34), autor u radu pokazuje kako je moguće da je jedno starije vjerovanje s područja Turopolja prošlo nekoliko transformacija uvjetovanih potrebama zajednice i vremena u kojima je nastajalo.
“Neka sam ja sovjetska krhotina… Ali i to je bolje nego kupi-prodaj… Kupi…”
Authors: Lugarić Vukas Danijela
Published: June 2022

U članku se analiziraju svjedočenja žena i muškaraca koji su djetinjstvo i mladost proveli u socijalizmu te odrastao život u kapitalizmu, a koje je Svetlana Aleksievič sabrala i objavila u jednoj od svojih najpopularnijih knjiga Rabljeno doba (kraj crvenog čovjeka) [Vremja sekond hènd (konec krasnogo čeloveka), 2013]. Rad promatra kako kroz materijalne predmete – novac kao u najdoslovnijem smislu “korijensku metaforu” (Shell 1995) i druge predmete potrošnje – njezini sugovornici vide, tumače i predočuju tranziciju. Nadovezujući se na istraživanja Mauricea Halbwachsa o društvenim okvirima pamćenja te Jana Assmanna i Pierrea Nore o prošlosti kao uvijek aktualnom fenomenu jer ga oblikuje pojedinčev odnos prema sadašnjosti, postavljam tezu da je u predočavanju socijalizma za Aleksievičine sugovornike ključan njihov doživljaj tranzicije i kapitalističke suvremenosti. Rabljeno doba nudi prikaz afektivnog života kapitalizma u postsovjetskoj svakodnevici iz kojeg je moguće predočiti i njegovu moralnu ekonomiju. U drugom dijelu rada kritički pristupam autorskome glasu Svetlane Aleksievič (vidljivom na različitim razinama njezinih djela) pokazujući da on često stigmatizira iskustvo svojih sugovornika, što se osobito jasno vidi u autoričinu tretmanu nostalgije prema sovjetskoj prošlosti kojom se nameće moralna ekonomija koja ne proizlazi iz iskazanih afekata u samim svjedočenjima njezinih sugovornika.
17th Century Costuming Features of Korčula’s Moreška
Authors: Ivancich Dunin Elsie
Published: June 2022

A tangible aspect that points to a historic past of the Korčula moreška is the skirted costume, which is unlike any other outfit worn on the island or elsewhere in Croatia. Recently, mid-seventeenth century archival costume illustrations of noble court ballets in Turin as well as costume designs of royal French productions in Paris were shared online, providing illustration of dance costuming in the theater. Popular Venetian public theater productions started in 1637 – studied by theater, stage costume, and dance researchers – reveal the importance of Roman features in costuming to denote nobility, strength, and leadership in theatrical spectacles. This Roman costume feature brings credence to the first known written description of a “Roman-Oriental” costume from the report of a moreška performance during the Saxon King’s visit to Korčula in 1838. Both the 17th century courtly spectacles and the Venetian public theater with many king-led combat dances thus extend our knowledge about costuming – sufficiently to warrant further research into the seventeenth century roots of Korčula moreška costuming.
Dating Mediterranean shipwrecks: the Mazotos ship, radiocarbon dating and the need for independent chronological anchors
Authors: Manning Sturt W. , Lorentzen Brita , Demesticha Stella
Published: June 2022

Studies of ancient Mediterranean trade and economy have made increasing use of sophisticated modelling and network analyses of shipwreck evidence. The dating of most of these wrecks, however, is based solely on assessments of associated ceramic material, especially transport amphorae. The resulting dates are approximate at best, and, as the example of the recently investigated Mazotos ship highlights, sometimes incorrect. Here, the authors describe a widely applicable independent approach based on the integration of tree-ring analysis and radiocarbon dating. Interrogating the subjective assumptions and stepwise logic transfers involved in ceramic-based dating, the authors demonstrate how to produce a more robust and better-defined basis for the analysis of the ancient Mediterranean shipwreck record.
Market Network Marketing Performance Evaluation in a Smart City Based on Fuzzy Algorithm
Authors: Xie Qi
Published: June 2022

In order to overcome the problems of long time-consuming evaluation results generation processes, low accuracy of evaluation results, and poor self-adaptability existing in traditional market network marketing performance evaluation models, this study designed a market network marketing performance evaluation model based on fuzzy algorithms. First, complete the design of the overall deployment architecture of the model by designing the terminal layer, server layer, and data layer. Among them, the work efficiency of the model is improved by setting a web server. Then, based on the analysis and evaluation principles, four first-level evaluation indicators and 18 second-level indicators are constructed, and then the evaluation of market network marketing performance is completed by designing fuzzy rules and the operation process of fuzzy algorithms, and combining the index weights. Experimental verification shows that the generation process of the evaluation results of this model is less time-consuming, the evaluation results are highly accurate, and the adaptive ability is strong, which proves that it has achieved the design expectations.
Strangulated Paraileostomy Hernia with Gangrenous Biliary Vesicle: A Case Report
Authors: FelippeCorrêaNeto Isaac José , Christian Laia Leonardo , PalmeiraRangel Diego , Cecchinni Angelo , HenriquesWatté Hugo , SáRolim Alexander , Freitas Rogério , Robles Laércio
Published: June 2022

Parastomal hernia (PH) is a type of incisional hernia which forms together with the opening of the abdominal wall used for the externalization of a stoma and the risk of parastomal hernia is increases in cases of technical error, advanced age, increased intraabdominal pressure, ascites, skin infection, intestinal constipation, malnutrition, chronic cough, obesity, diabetes mellitus, a sedentary lifestyle, immunosupression and corticosteroid use. Objective: The aim of this article is to report a case of paraileostomy hernia involving the biliary vesicle. Case report: female patient, 80 years of age, with a previous history of radical cystectomy with Bricker ileostomy, complaining of colic abdominal pain in the lower right quadrant for 5 days and gradual progression associated with vomiting and fecal constipation, but with the expulsion of flatulence. At admission the patient presented a distended abdomen, with evidence of a voluminous incisional hernia in the median operating wound, as well as paraileostomy hernia where pain and hyperemia were present in the anterior axillary line Conclusion: Incarceration and strangulation of the biliary vesicle in a paraileostomal hernia of a Bricker is an extremely rare gastrointestinal condition of urgency with a diagnosis made generally intraoperatively
Modern Approach to Colorectal Liver Metastases
Authors: T Enjuto Diego , Herrera Norberto , Ramos Antonio , Diaz Patricia , Jiménez- Ceinos Carmen , Pérez-González Marta , Bernar de Oriol Juan , Fernández-Merino Javier
Published: June 2022

PColorectal cancer is the third leading cause of death worldwide. Approximately 15-20 % of the patients present synchronic Colorectal Liver Metastases (CRLM) and 60 % will develop them metachronicaly. Surgical treatment is the only therapy that gives these patients the option of long-term survival. In the 1980s surgical treatment offered a 5-year survival rate of approximately 20 % for patients undergoing liver resection. Recent studies show 5-year overall survival rates ranging between 42 and 58 %. Systemic chemotherapy regimens are based on fluoropirimidines. These regimes include neoadjuvant, adjuvant or both depending on the disease stage. Adjuvant chemotherapy has shown better overall survival and progression free survival in patients treated surgically for CRLM. Surgical approach to CRLM has changed dramatically in the last years. There are hardly any contraindications for treating surgically CRLM, as long as the liver remnant is at least 30 % of the total volume for non-cirrhotic non-chemotherapy treated livers. In cirrhotic or chemotherapy-treated livers this amount should reach 40 %. Aspects concerning synchronic CRLM and irresectable metastases have shown greater advances. The reverse approach or liver-first approach has offered patients with advanced disease a better option for completing total resection. Portal vein embolization, two-stage hepatectomy or ALPPS procedure (associating liver partition and portal vein ligation) are the top developments in this field showing promising results. These developments are widening surgical indications in CRLM. Surgical and systemic treatment, as well as a better understanding of molecular alterations has definitely improved the perspective for patients with CRLM. Keywords: Colorectallivermetastases; Irresectablemetastases; Synchronicmestastases
Treatment of Hepatitis C with Sofosbuvir in Combination with Ribavirin and Peg Interferon; a Prospective Study Highlighting the Sustained Virological Response
Authors: Farooqi Javed Iqbal , Maheshwary Neeta , Anwar Adnan
Published: June 2022

Objective: This study was intended to know the efficacy and safety of Sofobuvir in combination with Ribaviran and Peg Interferon on the basis of sustained virological response. Material and Methods: This was a prospective observational multicenter study with the use of non-probability convenient sampling technique. The duration of study was from January 2016 till July 2017. The study was conducted in lady reading hospital. The patients infected with HCV, belonging to both genders, and willing for treatment with standard interferon and Ribavirin were included in the study. The written consent was taken from all the patients with complete confidentiality of the data. HCV was diagnosed by detecting anti-HCV antibodies in serum with the help of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). PCR was done at 12th week after the treatment and was classified as Sustained Virological Response (SVR). The therapy was categorized into dual containing Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin, triple containing Sofosbuvir, Ribavirin and Peg interferon. The dose of sofosbuvir, Ribavirin and Peg Interferon was 400 mg/OD, 1200 mg/OD and 180μcg/OD respectively. All data was entered and analyzed on SPSS version 20. Results: Total 386 patients were selected for the study including 172(45.5%) males and 214(54.5%) females with the male to female ratio of 1:1. They were divided into treatment naïve and experienced group with a frequency of 211(54.6%) and 175(45.4%). The frequency of genotypes of hepatitis C was found to be 4(1.9%), 1(0.5%), 2(0.9%), 1(0.5%), 178(84.3%), 20(9.5%), 3(1.4%) and 2(3.6%) for genotypes 1a, 2, 2a, 2b, 3, 3a, 3b and UT respectively in naïve patients and similarly it was 3(1.7%), 1(0.6%), 4(3.2%), 3(1.7%), 113(64.6), 44(25.2%), 5(2.9%) and 2(1.1%) respectively in experienced group. The overall SVR achieved regardless of the dual and triple therapy in naïve patients was 200(94.7%) and in treatment experienced patients were 144(82.3%). Conclusion: The Sofosbuvir is an effective drug for the achievement of sustained virological response in combination with Ribavirin and Peg Interferon. The uniformity in the high rates of achievement of SVR in dual and triple therapy suggests a powerful efficacy of Sofosbuvir in treating and eliminating the viral load in the patients infected with Hepatitis C Virus. Keywords: Hepatitis C; Sofosbuvir; Sustained virological response
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Blood Donors in General Dipumba Hospital in Mbujimayi, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Ntumba Kennedy A Mukendi , Paul Ciamala Mukendi , Moise Kanyiki Katala , Deca Blood Banza Ndala , Mukendi Jean Réne Mukendi , Dieudonné Kazumba Nsaka , Michel kabamba Nzaji
Published: June 2022

Hepatitis C virus is one of the blood borne transmissible infections of public healthsignificance. It can be transmitted to a wider population through transfusion of contaminatedblood or blood products. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HCV antibodies amongst potential blood donors in Dipumba’s hospital in Mbujimayi. Retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study of seroprevalence of hepatitis C were conducted from consented blood donors in the study area and were examined for anti-HCV antibody using HCVSCAN test. Results were analyzed using SPSS version, 23.0 statistical software Package of the 1584 blood donors examined in the study population 1, 9 % (n= 30) were sero-positive to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), 77.8% were male (sex ratio M/F 3.5 and familial donors were 50.4%. No statistical significant association with the seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus and general characteristics of blood donors in Mbujimayi (age, sex, marital status, blood donation category). Our findings further confirm the presence of hepatitis C virusinfection among blood donors in Mbujimayi. Routine HCV screening of blood donors is therefore recommendedin order to reduce the risk of post transfusion hepatitis C. Keyword: Seroprevalence; hepatitis C; blood donors; Mbujimayi
Celiac Disease Presenting As Budd Chari Syndrome
Authors: Verma Sonali , Agrawal Anju , Verma Chirag , Arora Vanny , Narang Manish
Published: June 2022

An 11 year old female child presented with generalized body swelling, ascites and hepatomegaly. She had history of recurrent loose stools since last 5 years. Initial work up revealed ascites, and hepatomegaly. Serum proteins were within normal limits. Initial USG revealed isoechoeic space occupying lesion in segment VII of liver with ascites. USG Doppler revealed attenuation of blood flow in right hepatic vein. Ascites suddenly improved after 5 days, repeat USG revealed that all three hepatic veins and inferior vena cava were patent. CECT abdomen showed hemangioma measuring 2.1 X 2.6 X 1.36 cm in segment VII of liver with fatty liver with ascites with mesenteric lymphadenopathy. Serum tTGlevel carried out because of short stature and history of diarrhea was 372U/ml (normal 0-20 U/ml). Celiac disease was confirmed on biopsy. Hence the diagnosis of celiac disease with transient obstruction of hepatic veins due to hemangioma or thrombus. Keywords: Budd Chiari; Ascites; Celiac disease
Illness Severity by MELD-Na is not Associated with Energy Expenditure in Cirrhotic Liver Transplant Candidates
Authors: M Fajardo Cindy , A Sinclair Lynne , Marotta Paul , Madill Janet
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Hypermetabolism contributes to malnutrition incirrhosis and it often goes undetected. Indirect calorimetry is a high-cost, time-consuming tool which is not accessible to many health care institutions. Predictive equations often underestimate true caloric requirements in cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to assess whether illness severity, defined by MELD-Na score, is associated with increases in measured Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) in patients awaiting liver transplantation. We also sought to quantify a stress factor for improved accuracy of predicted energy requirements in this population. Methods: Data from 40 patients awaiting liver transplantation were retrospectively assessed. MELD-Na was calculated from serum markers; measured REE was quantified using a indirect calorimetry; and predicted REE was determined by the Harris-Benedict equation. Results: MELD-Na scores were not associated with measured REE or prevalence of Hypermetabolism. Forty-three percent of patients required a 20-50% addition to predictive estimates to cover their basal metabolic needs. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a stress factor of 1.2 to 1.3 should be considered when predicting caloric requirements of candidates awaiting liver transplantation in the absence of indirect calorimetry. Illness severity by MELD-Na does not appear to be a useful marker in identifying patients who are hypermetabolic and at higher risk of underfeeding. Keywords: End-stage liver disease; Resting energy expenditure; Indirect calorimetry; Nutritional needs; Liver transplantation;
A Retrospective Review of the Diagnostic Rate of Liver Biopsy in Abnormal Liver Tests with Non-Diagnostic Serology and Biochemistry
Authors: Kit Hung Chun , Passi Monica , Ullah Mohammed , Ashamalla Michael , Lee Tai-Ping
Published: June 2022

Abnormal liver function tests, defined as values greater than 2 standard deviations above the upper limits of normal, are noted to be present in up to 7.9% of the population in the United States. In about 69% of patients, they are unexplained by current standard serology or biochemistry markers investigating common viral, autoimmune, hereditary etiologies or inborn errors of metabolism [1, 2].Liver biopsy is considered the most accurate means of grading and staging of liver disease. However, there remains some controversy over whether or not it provides overall significant information in terms of establishing an etiology which would then be used to tailor patient management. [3] Moreover, there is the established possibility of sampling error and accompanying procedure complications during liver biopsy, albeit small [3, 4]. A number of studies have suggested that a high percentage of marker negative liver biopsies had fatty infiltration of the liver with varying degrees of inflammation, with mixed reports on whether there is an association with elements of the metabolic syndrome (obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia) and improvement with reversal of this syndrome [5, 6, 7, 8]. Several other studies have also reported significant progressive liver disease and even cirrhosis in otherwise asymptomatic patients, who were biopsied with seemingly minor chronic elevations of liver enzymes. These findings subsequently significantly impacted the patient’s care [6, 9,10]. However, these were older studies where some biochemical markers were not excluded, and had conflicting conclusions with regards to the diagnostic rate of liver biopsies. [6, 8]. With rapidly advancing imaging technology and biochemical laboratory techniques, the current study seeks to re-evaluate the utility of liver biopsy. Specifically in patients with abnormal liver tests who have had non-diagnostic biochemical or radiographic workup, the rate at which liver biopsy provides a specific diagnosis that can lead to a change to management will be studied. Keywords: Liver biopsy; Metabolic syndrome; Fatty liver disease;
Efficiency of Medicinal Plants to Control Seed Borne Fungi of Sorghum Grains
Authors: Geta Kindu
Published: June 2022

Seed-borne fungi are the most important constrained factor which causing quantitative losses, produce highly toxic and carcinogenic mycotoxins. Plant based fungicides appear to be one of the better alternatives as they are known to have minimal danger to consumers in contrast to synthetic pesticides. In view of the negative public health and economic impacts of storage fungi this study, aimed to determine the efficiency of some plant extracts for reduction or control of seed borne fungi in sorghum grains in agar plate methods. The results obtained revealed that seed treated with Olea europaea leaf extract was found the least in incidence of seed-borne fungi (50%) followed by Capsicum annuum (53.3%) in agar plate methods. Therefore, utilization of these plants as bio-control agents is recommended to reduce the proliferation of storage fungi. Keywords: plant extracts; seed borne fungi; sorghum
Skórne odczyny popromienne – profilaktyka i leczenie
Authors: Kiprian Dorota
Published: June 2022

Radioterapia lub radiochemioterapia, obok chirurgii, stanowi nadal podstawową metodę leczenia pacjentów z nowotworami. Promieniowanie jonizujące oddziałuje nie tylko na komórki nowotworowe, ale również, choć zwykle w mniejszym stopniu, na tkanki zdrowe, które zlokalizowane są w objętości napromienianej. Do tkanki każdorazowo narażonej na wystąpienie skutków ubocznych napromieniania należy skóra. Celem oceny powikłań w codziennej praktyce klinicznej wykorzystuje się najczęściej dwie skale: CTCAE i RTOG/EORTC. Pierwsze objawy zapalenia skóry występują pod postacią rumienia (I stopień wg skali RTOG/EORTC), następnie pojawia się złuszczanie na sucho (II stopień wg skali RTOG/EORTC), kolejną fazą natomiast jest złuszczanie na mokro (III stopień wg skali RTOG/EORTC), ponadto niekiedy może dojść do pojawienia się nasilonych zmian skórnych pod postacią owrzodzeń (IV stopień wg skali RTOG/EORTC). Profilaktyka wystąpienia nasilonych odczynów popromiennych polega na stosowaniu odpowiednich preparatów do mycia skóry napromienianej oraz preparatów zawierających składniki o działaniu przeciwzapalnym. Nadal istnieje jednak potrzeba badań nowych preparatów i określenia standardów postepowania.
COMMENTARY ON : " A Calculus “Toy” in the Bladder. A Case Report of Rare Entity and Comprehensive Review of the Literature"
Authors: El Anzaoui Jihad
Published: June 2022

NO ABSTRACT
Opportunities for Improving the Inventory Management Based on the Example of Albanian Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Canco Irina
Published: June 2022

In the way of fast and complex developments of businesses, the inventory plays as well an important role. The complexity of the economic environment where the businesses operate and the problems they encounter orient the manager’s attention towards the management of inventory. This refers to the inventory’s specifics in general and his constituent elements. Despite these the common characteristic of the inventory is its double character, as on one hand it represents necessary, inevitable elements for the development of the productive activity of every business, and on the other the inventory requires considerable commitments of the financial sources. This has made the efficient management of the inventory a central problem, on which a series of researches have been concentrated.This paper is an effort to deal with some problems of efficient management of the inventory in the business organizations, regarding the quantity, quality, and time dimensions on the inventory because inventories are the focal point in business performance. But, the greatest part of businesses in Albania operate in the conditions when information about inventory management missing. Problems addressed in this paper can be serve the managers for improvement their job in the future.
Childhood obesity and mindfulness
Authors: Marks Ray
Published: June 2022

Obesity, a largely intractable health condition with incalculable health, financial, emotional, physical, and social costs and ramifications remains an immense challenge to mitigate effectively, especially if this condition has evolved unabated since early childhood. Moreover, multiple intervention approaches designed to prevent or mitigate childhood obesity, and its predictable and well established negative health impacts, while studied intently and widely applied to aid efforts to foster the attainment of a healthy weight status across the lifespan, have generally failed to eliminate this growing global epidemic and its detrimental consequences for the individual, as well as society. Alternately, interventions that can limit the onset of obesity, or help to reduce this where present, including efforts to contain depression, anxiety, stress, and emotional and/or externally stimulated eating behaviors, would appear highly desirable and of high personal and social significance. Studied for many years in various spheres, mindfulness based strategies are being and have been discussed for some time in this regard. This mini review discusses some of these ideas and related observations regarding, and whether more emphasis on ensuring mindfulness based actions are possible and should not be ignored in efforts to effectively attenuate selected correlates of the global obesity burden. Extracted from current literature, it is concluded that this is a field of significant promise, but one requiring not only more long-term research, but possible novel ecologically oriented integrated mindful and collaborative thoughtful family, school, community, and policy intervention efforts, along with dedicated sustainable collaborative goals and supportive efforts.
Creep failure time prediction using the reliability theory
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Poshyvalov V. P.
Published: June 2022

This paper proposes a probabilistic model of structural material creep failure, which is based on the reliability theory. It is assumed that for specimen failure under the action of a constant load, there exists a functional relationship between the creep strain accumulated to a given time and the nonfailure probability at that time. This assumption and the fact that in most cases the failure rate function and a typical creep strain rate vs. time curve are nonmonotonic and U-shaped made it possible to obtain the nonfailure probability. The creep and the long-term strength equations are adopted in power law form with account for specimen necking in the deformation process, For the power law of creep without strengthening, relationships are obtained for determining the average time to failure and the rms deviation of the long-term strength of a rod tensioned with a constant force in creep. The long-term strength variation coefficient is determined; the coefficient has two finite limits. It is shown that with decreasing strength the brittle zone demonstrates an increase in measured failure time spread at equal stress levels, while in the tough zone this is absent. Theoretical calculations are compared with long-term strength test results for 12Cr18Ni10Ti corrosion-resistant steel at 850°C. The material constants were determined from the results of creep and long-term strength test data processing. The theoretical creep failure time for the linear dependence of the failure rate function on the creep strain rate is less than for the quadratic one, while the rms deviations are greater. In both cases, the theoretical results are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data both for the failure time and for its rms deviation.
Study of the elastically deformed state of a wheel-rail pair with different initial profiles and wear degrees
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Pasichnyk S. S. , Bezrukavyi N. V. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: June 2022

A topical problem for the Ukrainian railway transport is its integration into the world’s transport system. The Ukrainian and the European railways differ in rail track parameters, which complicates railway communication. As shown by international experience, the most promising way to resolve this problem is to use gage-changeable wheelsets, which may be adjusted to different track gages. Besides, the Ukrainian and the EU railways use different wheel and rail profiles, whose shape greatly affects the rail?vehicle interaction. In service, the profile geometry may change significantly due to contacting pair wearing-in, which may result in a number of negative consequences caused by rail and wheel profile mismatch. The aim of this work is to study the effect of the wear-caused change of the initial rail and wheel profiles on the elastically deformed state of wheel?rail pairs for wheelsets operating on 1,520 mm and 1,435 mm gage railways without truck change. Worn wheel and rail profiles were studied by mathematical and computer simulation. The elastically deformed state of a wheel?rail pair was studied by the finite-element method, which allows one to analyze various complex-geometry engineering structures and perform a 3D simulation of physical processes. The interaction of worn wheels and rails with initial profiles used on 1,520 mm and 1,435 mm gage railways was analyzed to give the contact stress distribution over the wheel and rail profile zones for wheel?rail contact pairs theoretically possible in Ukraine?EU railway communication. This made it possible to assess rail?vehicle interaction conditions in Ukraine?EU railway communication without wheelset change. The results of the study of the effect of wheel profile change on the elastically deformed state made it possible to formulate recommendations on the practicability of existing profiles and direct ways to improving the profile geometry of wheelsets operating on 1,520 mm and 1,435 mm gage railways without truck change.
Pengaruh Kondisi Lahan Kering Tanpa Olah Tanah Terhadap Kelimpahan Gulma
Authors: Ahadiyat Yugi R , Sarjito Agus
Published: June 2022

AbstrakGulma merupakan salah satu masalah utama dalam sistem budi daya tanaman, khususnya di lahan kering. Oleh karena itu, pengetahuan tentang pengolahan tanah di lahan kering dengan tanpa olah tanah akan memberikan informasi berguna dalam pengelolaan gulma. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelimpahan gulma berdasarkan golongan dan spesies gulma, bobot kering gulma, dan rasio dominansi gulma pada lahan tanpa olah tanah (TOT) di lahan kering. Rancangan lapang yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Observasi dan pengambilan sampling dilakukan melalui pengamatan gulma pada waktu 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, dan 10 minggu. Komponen kelimpahan gulma yang diamati meliputi jumlah gulma, bobot kering gulma dan rasio dominansi gulma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gulma golongan daun lebar memiliki jumlah spesies tertinggi namun dengan dominasi yang setara dengan gulma golongan rumput. Cynodon dactylon merupakan spesies paling dominan yang tumbuh di lahan kering tanpa olah tanah yang konsisten di setiap waktu pengamatan dengan jumlah >500, nilai rasio dominansi gulma >10, dan bobot kering biomassa >12 g. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pola pertumbuhan gulma di lahan kering tanpa olah tanah dalam upaya pengendaliannya untuk kepentingan budi daya pertanian.Abstract Weeds are one of the main problems in cropping systems, especially on dry land. Therefore, the knowledge of soil tillage in dryland areas with no-till will provide svaluable information in weed management. The objective of this study was to determine the abundance of weeds based on weed types and species, weed dry weight, and summed dominance ratio in dryland conditions with no-till. The field design used was a randomized block design with three replications. Observation and sampling were conducted by observing weeds at a time of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks. Weed abundance components observed included the number of weeds, summed dominance ratio, and dry weight of weeds. The results showed that the broadleaf weeds had the highest number of species, but the dominance was equivalent to the grass weeds. Cynodon dactylon was the most dominant and consistent species that grew in dryland with no-till with the number of species >500, summed dominance ratio >10, and biomass dry weight >12 g at each observation time. The implication of this study was to know the pattern of weeds growing in dryland área with no-till to control weeds for cropping systems purposes.
DNA Barcoding Anggrek Dendrobium linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn. Berdasarkan Penanda Molekuler ITS2
Authors: Su'udi Mukhamad , Budyartini Dyah Wulan , Ramadany Zakiyah
Published: June 2022

AbstrakDendrobium linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn. merupakan salah satu spesies anggrek yang telah dimanfaatkan sebagai obat herbal tradisional di Bali. Bagian pseudobulb dari D. linearifolium dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Bali untuk mengobati sakit telinga. Jenis anggrek ini menunjukkan kemiripan morfologi dengan anggrek Dendrobium faciferum J.J. Sm. dan Dendrobium crumenatum Sw. sehingga menyulitkan dalam proses identifikasi menggunakan karakter morfologi. Penggunaan DNA barcoding dengan penanda molekuler Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk membedakan D. linearifolium secara akurat dan tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi D. linearifolium menggunakan DNA barcoding ITS2 sebagai penanda molekuler DNA inti. DNA genom D. linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn. diisolasi dan digunakan sebagai DNA template dalam reaksi PCR. Amplikon yang dihasilkan kemudian diurutkan dengan cara sekuensing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan urutan sekuen ITS2 dari D. linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn. memiliki homologi tinggi  dengan D. junceum (Accession: AB593590; Per. Ident: 92,57%). Hasil analisis bioinformatika menunjukkan urutan sekuen ITS memiliki variasi basa nitrogen yang tinggi dan spesifik yang menunjukkan ciri khas suatu spesies. Dengan demikian, urutan ini dapat dijadikan sebagai penanda molekuler dalam identifikasi spesies anggrek. Sebagai kesimpulan, sekuen ITS2 dapat direkomendasikan sebagai penanda molekuler untuk identifikasi anggrek D. linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn.Abstract Dendrobium linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn is a species of orchid that has been used as traditional herbal medicine in Bali. Balinese uses the pseudobulb of D. linearifolium to treat earaches. This type of orchid shows morphological similarities to D. faciferum J.J. Sm. and D. crumenatum Sw. which raised ardurous to identify using morphological characters. DNA barcoding with the Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) as molecular marker is expected to distinguish D. linearifolium accurately and precisely. This study aims to identify D. linearifolium using ITS2 as a molecular marker. The Genomic DNA of D. linearifolium was extracted and used as template DNA in PCR reactions. DNA amplicons are then sequenced. The results showed that ITS2 sequence of D. linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn. has high homology with D. junceum (Accession: AB593590; Per. Ident: 92.57%). The results of the bioinformatics analysis showed that the ITS sequence had a high variation and specificity of nitrogen base to indicate the characteristics of a species. Therefore, this sequence can be used as a molecular marker to identify an orchid to species. In conclusion, the ITS2 sequence can be recommended as a molecular marker for species identification of D. linearifolium.
Intravenous Antibiotic Duration for Nontyphoidal Salmonella Bacteremia in Children
Authors: Glover Brianna , Charvat Courtney , Weiss Lindsay , Kirpalani Anjali , Shane Andi L. , Li Ruoxing , Leong Traci , Hames Nicole
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

The optimal duration of intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy for children with nontyphoidal Salmonella bacteremia (NTSB) is unknown. The objective of the authors of this study is to evaluate differences in outcomes among children with NTSB who received a short (≤3 days; short-duration group [SDG]) versus long (>3 days; long-duration group [LDG]) course of IV antibiotics.

METHODS

This is a retrospective study of children 3 months to 18 years old with NTSB admitted to a tertiary pediatric health care system in the southeastern United States between 2008 and 2018.

RESULTS

Among 57 patients with NTSB without focal infection, 24 (42%) were in the SDG and received IV antibiotics for a median of 3.0 days and 33 (58%) were in the LDG and received IV antibiotics for a median of 5.0 days. Demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between the SDG and LDG. The median total duration of antibiotics was 11.5 days in the SDG and 13.0 in the LDG (P = .068). The median length of stay was 3.0 days in the SDG and 4.0 in the LDG (P ≤ .001). Two children in the SDG (8%) and 1 child in the LDG (3%) returned to the emergency department for care unrelated to the duration of their IV antibiotic therapy (P = .567). None of the children were readmitted for sequelae related to salmonellosis.

CONCLUSIONS

The duration of IV antibiotics varied for NTSB, but the outcomes were excellent regardless of the initial IV antibiotic duration. Earlier transitions to oral antibiotics can be considered for NTSB.