bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wheel vibration estimation of railway vehicle utilizing state observer
Authors: Zheng Shu-bin , Chai Xiao-dong , Peng Le-le , Li Li-ming
Published: March 2017

Wheel vibration is one of the most crucial factors associated with the running safety of a train. How to detect and estimate it in real-time attracts significantly researchers’ interest recently? In this paper, a new method of estimating the wheel vibration of a railway vehicle utilizing a partial state observer is proposed. The partial state observer of wheel vibration estimation is designed based on the railway vehicle dynamic system model established in state space. Different kinds of track irregularities are considered as inputs for the vehicle dynamic system. Subsequently, the state responses of the car-body and the bogie frame obtained from dynamic simulation are used as the inputs of the partial state observer. The simulations were conducted at various running speeds of a vehicle. The results show that the partial state observer is capable of estimating well the wheel vibration using dynamic responses of the car-body and the bogie frame, and has a stable convergence, which leads to get consistent with the real dynamic system after duration of 0.15 s from starting system. This method thus would provide an innovative approach to estimate the wheel vibration of a real railway vehicle in real-time.
Research on ride comfort and safety of vehicle under limited conditions based on dynamical tire model
Authors: Lu Yongjie , Zheng Wengang , Chen Enli , Zhang Junning
Published: March 2017

During driving of a vehicle on road, the tires are undertaking load conversion of the vehicle under various driving conditions and various road conditions within contact patches. As for the contact condition between tire and road, it is often deemed as composed by spring and damping element. The contact with road is always simplified as point contact. Besides, static friction model is adopted, which has ignored physical property of friction and dynamic process of establishment of friction force. It is far from sufficient for current vehicle and road safety design. In this paper, ADAMS software is applied to establish a multi-body dynamics model of heavy vehicle, actual vehicle data was adopted to check virtual sample vehicle, and the Strikbeck dynamical friction property is introduced to tire model during rolling contact between tire and payment, interface of Simulink with ADAMS is applied to put forward a complete vehicle dynamic model truly reflecting the process of dynamic contact between tire and road, and furthermore the correctness and availability of dynamic tire model are verified through comparison with classic Pac2002 tire model. As for dynamic behaviors of heavy vehicle in special sections, finite element method (FEM) is applied to put forward a new 3D complicated road model construction method to construct roads of different classes and long-downhill paths of different S-curves. Simulated analysis of the influence of different speeds, different classes of random roads, different slopes and different adhesion road models on ride comfort of vehicle driving was implemented through utilization of event editor and drive control file, and speed limit standards under different conditions are put forward, so as to provide theoretical basis for road alignment design and reasonable driving speed. Finally, the influence and changing rules of different speeds, different classes of random roads and different slopes on driving safety are discussed from the perspectives of each radial force of tire, alignment torque, sideslip angle and roll angle.
Radial force within two-stage axial-flow blood pump based on LES
Authors: Sang Xiaohu , Zhou Xiaojun , Liu Xiaoguang , Hao Xiaoru
Published: March 2017

Radial force in implantable two-stage axial flow blood pump (Artificial Heart) is a major factor affecting the operation stability. In order to investigate the transient operation characteristics of two-stage blood pumps, three-dimensional, unsteady numerical simulations were conducted by using the large eddy simulation (LES) model, PISO algorithm based on the sliding mesh technique in Fluent. The performance of the pump was obtained and compared with the experimental results. Besides, the radial force at various monitoring points were acquired; next, they were analyzed in time and frequency domains, respectively. It was demonstrated that the radial force at all the monitoring points changes periodically with time, its number of periods is identical to the number of blades but less affected by the number of guide vane blades, its frequency is close to the blade passing frequency. The frequency of radial force within the impeller increases gradually towards the impeller outlet and approaches the maximum value there, while the variation tendency of the frequency is opposite within the guide vane. The mostly dramatic radial force occurs at the impeller outlet, the main frequency at various monitoring points is almost equal to the impeller passing frequency. The amplitude of radial force coefficient at the monitoring points in the second stage impeller is higher than the first stage impeller. Additionally, the main frequency of radial force in the first stage impeller is different from the second stage guide vane.
System identification of force transducers for dynamic measurements using particle swarm optimization
Authors: Lu Jianshan
Published: March 2017

A method of system identification for force transducers against the oscillation force is developed. In this method, force transducers are equipped with an additional top mass and excited by a facility with the sine mechanism. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to identify the parameters of the derived mathematical models. For improving the convergence speed of PSO, exponential transformation is introduced to the fitness function. Subsequently, numerical simulations and experiments are carried out, and consistent results demonstrate that the identification method proposed in this investigation is feasible and efficient for estimating the transfer functions from sinusoidal force calibration measurements.
Design and the main parameters of tube-shaped ultrasound wave guide wire
Authors: Bubulis Algimantas , Minchenia Vladimir , Veikutis Vincentas , Navickas Jonas , Bakanauskas Vytautas , Palevičius Paulius
Published: March 2017

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death among people up to 65 years old. One of the most common cardiovascular diseases is arterothrombosis. For recanalization of arteries usage of advanced invasive mechanical devices is required. The tube-shaped ultrasound waveguide wire was designed, investigated and validated by computational finite element method and experimental techniques.
Genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli as microbial source tracking tools of Karaj River, Iran
Authors: Kheiri Roohollah , Akhtari Leili
Published: March 2017

The aim of this study was to analyze the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-types, phylo-groups and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of Escherichia coli and to investigate if these approaches are suitable for microbial source tracking (MST). E. coli strains were isolated from cattle faeces and Karaj River. For genetic diversity, AMR profile, and phylo-grouping, we applied ERIC-PCR, disk diffusion, and multiplex-PCR, respectively. Fifty isolates from each sample group were used in the study. ERIC fingerprinting produced ten different bands, demonstrating 64 unique and 36 repetitive profiles. Six isolates from the river showed the same ERIC pattern of the cattle, of which four expressed the same AMR profile. E. coli isolates from water were represented in A, B1, C, and D phylo-groups. Phylo-groups A, B1, and E were more prevalent in the cattle isolates and B2 was absent in both sources. Three of the water isolates with the same ERIC-type and AMR to cattle isolates showed the same phylo-groups. Genetic characteristics, AMR, and phylo-groups of the isolates from the river are diverse and complex. For accurate MST, complementary approaches should be applied together and a comprehensive library should be provided.
Elaborating the Role of Natural Products on the Regulation of Autophagy and their Potentials in Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhou Xunian , Yue Grace Gar-Lee , Tsui Stephen Kwok-Wing , Pu Jianxin , Fung Kwok-Pui , Lau Clara Bik-San
Published: March 2017

Autophagy is an intracellular lysosomal/vacuolar degradation system, in which the inner
cytoplasmic cell membrane is degraded by the lysosomal hydrolases, followed by the resulting
products released back into the cytosol. It is involved in many physiological processes which are
crucial for cell growth and survival. However, disturbance in the autophagic process is often associated
with a variety of human diseases, such as cancer. Breast cancer is one of the most malignant
tumors characterized by the imbalanced cell proliferation, apoptosis as well as disordered autophagy
regulation. The alterations of autophagy related genes or protein levels in breast cancer cells also
suggested a potential implication of autophagy in breast cancer development and progression. Many
natural products had been reported as potential anti-cancer agents or being considered as direct or
indirect sources of new chemotherapy adjuvants to enhance the efficacy or to ameliorate the side effects
through the modulation of autophagy. Investigation of the underlying mechanism of these
compounds could be crucial for the development of new therapeutic or chemopreventive options for
breast cancer treatment. In this review, a summary of those natural products that can regulate autophagy
in breast cancer is presented and the potential value of such autophagy modulators on the development
of anti-cancer drugs is also discussed.
Obesity and Cancer: Biological Links and Treatment Implications
Authors: Ottaiano Alessandro , De Divitiis Chiara , Capozzi Monica , Avallone Antonio , Pisano Carmen , Pignata Sandro , Tafuto Salvatore
Published: March 2017

Obesity is an epidemic disease and correlates with cardiovascular diseases increasing the
overall mortality. However, it has been recently demonstrated that cancer is an unexpected consequence
of obesity. In most of the studies, it is evaluated with body mass index (BMI): high BMI increases
cancer risk and reduces survival of many solid tumors. The main biologic and clinic topics
regarding obese cancer patients are here presented and discussed. Hyperinsulinemia and Insulin-like
Growth Factors (IGFs) are among the most important links between cancer and obesity. However,
adipose tissue (AT) also produces sex hormones, pro-inflammatory cytokines and hypoxia which in
turn promote initiation and progression of tumors. One of the major clinic concern about obese cancer
patients is the risk of chemotherapy-related toxicity. Previous studies showed that obese patients
do not experience significant increased toxicity compared to non-obese patients. Thus, the increasing
incidence and scientific knowledge of obesity should prompt the researchers to study for personalization
of therapy in obese patients with cancer rather than for the simple chemotherapy “depotentiation”.
It has been demonstrated that weight loss reduces cancer risk and can ameliorate compliance
to therapy. Thus, social politics as well as therapies against obesity may impact on cancer risk,
treatment and survival.
A escuta da clínica analítica
Authors: Perrone Paula
Published: March 2017

O artigo trata do uso da história de vida em uma pesquisa da autora sobre o processo de individuação. Na análise e na pesquisa, a história de vida é o método que favorece a escuta e ele pode ser enriquecido pela antropologia e pela psicologia profunda. Rousseau concebeu a etnologia no século XVIII por ter o outro como motivo primeiro de sua teoria. A "pitié" permite sua identificação com o sofrimento de seu semelhante. Merleau-Ponty se voltou para a antropologia pela sua maneira de pensar quando o objeto é o "outro" e exige nossa transformação. Criamos interfaces entre a antropologia e a psicologia analítica, uma vez que alteridade é a questão junguiana. Jung avalia como condição necessária para o verdadeiro encontro o exercício consciente da retirada das projeções sobre o mundo externo. Segunda interface: a escuta analítica. Ela procura alcançar as fantasias inconscientes e facilitar que camadas inconscientes aflorem. Para Merleau-Ponty a percepção é seletiva. A escuta da psicologia profunda é seletiva, perspectivista. Terceira interface: a experiência da intersubjetividade. O campo interativo entre o narrador e o ouvinte de uma história de vida pode comportar a constituição de um terceiro elemento, produto do encontro das duas subjetividades: o corpo sutil. Nessa sintonia, falamos de acordo com esse campo de sensibilidade constituída. A clínica também está presente quando se estuda com alunos ou na pesquisa em ciências humanas a partir de narrativas. Tem uma função no mundo, pode produzir uma metodologia refinada. A fala de meu entrevistado pertence ao domínio do "terceiro incluído". Jung explicou profundamente essa cópula simbólica.
Kadar kolesistokinin laki-laki dewasa dengan konsumsi makanan siap saji khas Indonesia dan internasional
Authors: Kusumastuty Inggita , Handayani Dian , Calista Rizky Ayu Diella
Published: March 2017

Background: Fast food comes to a meal that is prepared fast and identically high in energy and fat contents since fast food is prepared using oil and fats. Excessive eating of fast food which is Indonesian typical fast foods and international fast foods will deliver obesity risk. Satiety and hunger are known as the two main keys to obesity prevention. Furthermore, Cholecystokinin (CCK) hormone is the one of bio-indicator that can indicate both satiety and hunger.Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the difference between CCK plasma level of Indonesian and international fast food.Method: A post-test only group design was done at 16 male adult subjects. This research measured CCK plasma of adult subjects with normal nutritional status whether consumed Indonesian typical fast foods and international fast foods. CCK plasma was measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) between 0-120 minutes.Results: Subjects who consumed Indonesian typical fast foods had significantly lower CCK plasma at 30,60 and 120 minutes measurement than that counterpart (p = 0.000).Conclusion: There is a different level of CCK after consuming Indonesian typical fast food and International fast food.
Perbandingan kandungan iodium dalam urin antara sampel urin 24 jam dan on spot pada anak usia sekolah
Authors: Putri Widya Ayu Kurnia , Briawan Dodik , Syarif Hidayat , Amelia Leily
Published: March 2017

Background: Urine Iodine Concentration (UIC) is the indicator to assess iodine status. UIC from 24-hour urine collection appropriate to used as a direct measure of the iodine status and helps to validate the estimates intake of iodine. 24-hours urine collection is not practical in large studies and epidemiological surveys because it is quite difficult to complete and accurate collection. WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD recommend the use of on spot urine collection.Objective: The aim of this study was to compare of 24-hour urine collection and spot urine collection for the assessment UIC in children.Method: The cross-sectional study was applied in Bogor. UIC was measured in 24-hour urine and parallel collected three spot urine namely on spot 1 collected morning, on spot 2 collected afternoon, and on spot 3 collected evening, sample urine collected from 44 healthy children age 10-13 years. UIC of 24-hour urine and one spot urine analyzed in the laboratory GAKY FK UNDIP using acid digestion method.Results: The average UIC from 24-hour urine collection was 179.77 ± 56.4 µg/l and UIC from on spot urine collection were on spot morning 145.30 ± 63.6 µg/l, on spot afternoon 159.95 ± 64.5 µg/l, and on spot evening 167.50 ± 66.1 µg/l. However, UIC correlation between UIC from on spot afternoon and UIC 24-hour (r = 0.456) with 66.67 % sensitivity and 75.61 % specificity.Conclusion: UIC urine samples from lunch to dinner more accurately reflects the UIC 24 hours to categorize the iodine status of the population. UIC from spot urine samples collected on the afternoon can be used as an alternative to evaluate the iodine status of school-age children.
Pemberian kecambah kacang kedelai terhadap kadar malondialdehid (MDA) dan superoxide dismutase (SOD) tikus Sprague Dawley hiperkolesterolemia
Authors: Setiawan Denny Indra , Tjahyono Kusmiyati , Afifah Diana Nur
Published: March 2017

Background: Consumption of foods high in fat that happens in society can cause free radicals and trigger oxidative stress that results in the accumulation of fat cells in the adipose, cells damage and even cells death. An antioxidant activity that originates from food in the body, depends on the number of substances that can be absorbed and used to metabolism process. The selection of groceries that right can be alternatives management in hyperlipidemia. Soybean sprouts have properties that neutralize free radicals cause hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular diseases because it is an antioxidant compound. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of soybean sprouts (Glycine Max) to levels of MDA and levels of SOD of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Method: Research laboratory tests design post only controlled group design. The sample was 30 tailed rat Rattus norvegicus species Sprague Dawley. The rat 8-10 weeks and samples to be divided into 5 group. Group 1 was normal rat without treatment; groups II are hypercholesterolemic rat without treatment; groups III are hypercholesterolemic rat with treatment sprouts soybeans 0,53 g; group IV are hypercholesterolemic rat with treatment sprouts soybeans 1,06 g; the group V are hypercholesterolemic rat with treatment sprouts soybeans 2,12 g and all groups are treatment for 4 week. Results: After four weeks of treatment, decline MDA levels in the hypercholesterolemic rat. Doses the provision of sprouts soybean 2,12 g/day is dosed most effective shown the significant differences (p<0.05) between the treatment group first to the treatment third group. Statistical analysis to SOD levels show differences meaningful in all the treatment group (p<0.05). Doses the provision of sprouts soybean 2,12 g/day proven effective against elevated levels of sod who demonstrated the significant differences (p=0,004) between the treatment group 1 (X1) to the treatment group 3 (X3). Conclusion: Doses sprouts 2,12 g is dosed optimal in preventing elevated levels of MDA and help improve levels of SOD hypercholesterolemic Sprague-Dawley rats.
Depresi, ansietas dan stres serta hubungannya dengan obesitas pada remaja
Authors: Masdar Huriatul , Saputri Pragita Ayu , Rosdiana Dani , Chandra Fifia , Darmawi Darmawi
Published: March 2017

Background: Obesity can occur in all ages, including adolescents. Multiple factors were known related to obesity including psychological factor. Eating excessively could be response toward loneliness, grief or depression. Anxiety can contribute to determining the food intake and nutrient substance, and stress can cause behavioral disorders such as abnormal (excessive) eating behavior that leads to obesity. Objective: The aimed of this research was to know depression, anxiety, and stress and their relationship with obesity in adolescents in Pekanbaru. Method: A cross-sectional research was performed, involving 132 subjects taken from 7 of 14 State Senior High Schools in Pekanbaru, 66 subjects were overweight/obese and 66 subjects were normal. Body mass index per age was used to determine their nutritional status according to Indonesian Ministry of Health Standard 2010 for nutritional status of 5-18 years old children. Depression, anxiety, and stress were measured by using DASS 42 Scale, and categorized only into normal or having depression/anxiety/stress. Data were statistically analyzed by using Chi-Square test with significance level 95%.Results: The results showed 17.4% subjects were categorized depression, 65.2% were anxiety and 34.8% were stress. Statistically analyzed using Fisher test showed that there was significant association between depression with obesity (p=0.003, OR=0,219) and stress with obesity (p=0.044, OR=0,028).Conclusion: Psychological aspects such as depression and stress were related to obesity in State Senior High Schools Students in Pekanbaru
Pengaruh pendidikan gizi dalam upaya meningkatkan kepatuhan konsumsi zat besi melalui kelas ibu hamil
Authors: Sulastijah Siti , DW Sumarni , Helmyati Siti
Published: March 2017

Background: Iron deficiency anemia contributed to a number of 50% in anemia and caused mortality of 841,000 every year in the world. Nutrition education before iron supplementation is needed because of low compliance in pregnant women. Gatak Sub District that is located in Sukoharjo Regency had the highest risk in pregnant women by 20.02%.Objective: This research aimed to know the effect of nutrition education in an effort to increase compliance of  iron consumption through prenatal classes in Gatak Sub district Sukoharjo Regency.Method: The method of this research was quasi experiment with pre test-post test with non equivalent control group design. The samples of this research were 70 pregnant women who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. A number of 33 pregnant women were in treatment group and 37 pregnant women were in control group. Treatment group received a nutrition education through anemia booklet and iron supplementation which contained 60 mg sulfas ferosus and 400 µg folic acid on a daily basis in prenatal classes for 3 months. Control group did not receive a nutrition education, but still received a daily iron supplementation for 3 months. Independent t-test and paired t-test were used to analyze data.Results: The knowledge level (higher 12.59), compliance of iron consumption (15.16%), food intakes including energy (higher 9.24%), protein (higher 10.98%), and Fe (higher 6.68%), although those food intakes were still below the RDA, and hemoglobin level (higher 0.44 g/dl), in treatment group compared with control (p<0.05). The factors of age, education level, household expenditure, parity, ANC, nutritional status, and last birth spacing did not affect the compliance of iron consumption (p>0.05).Conclusion: The nutrition education affected the increase in compliance of iron consumption through prenatal classes in Gatak Sub District Sukoharjo Regency.
Perbedaan proporsi stunting pada anak usia 12-24 bulan berdasarkan pemanfaatan pelayanan posyandu di Kabupaten Jayapura, Papua
Authors: Wasaraka Yulia Nuradha Kartosiana , Prawirohartono Endy Paryanto , Soenarto Yati
Published: March 2017

Background: Stunting according to World Health Organization’s standard is a linear growth failure identified by the Z-score value of proportioned height by age (Body Height/Age) that less than -2 of standard deviation. Indonesia has the fifth largest number of stunted children in the world right after India, Nigeria, Pakistan and China. Posyandu service utilization is one of stunting determinants. A number of visits and the activity of infants in using Posyandu services will help the observation of children’s health and nutrition status. Through thoroughly observation chronically malnourished and stunting could be earlier identified, thus the growth failure could be prevented.Objective: to identify the stunting proportion difference of 12-24 months children according to Posyandu services use.Method: Study was conducted by using an observational method and cross-sectional research design. Subjects of study are 12-24 month children in Jayapura Regency. Cluster random sampling method was used to identify 313 children as samples. Observation data was analyzed by using chi-square test and fisher exact test due to a not normally distributed population.Results: There are 19.8% samples identified as stunted children. Chi-square test and fisher exact test showed that there is no significant difference in stunting proportion according to Posyandu service utilization (p>0.05). Meanwhile, there is a significant difference between a number of stunting and number of ISPA (p=0.017) and mothers nutrition knowledge (p=0.025).Conclusion: There is not any difference in stunting number proportion according to Posyandu services utilization.
PERTINENCIA DE LOS PROGRAMAS SOCIALES EN EL ESTADO DE MÉXICO DIRIGIDOS A SU POBLACIÓN ENVEJECIDA
Authors: Jasso Salas Pablo
Published: March 2017

Este trabajo pretende mostrar si las políticas públicas vigentes en el Estado de México respecto de la población envejecida responden a las necesidades percibidas por ese sector. Se basa en un trabajo etnográfico realizado en 12 municipios de la entidad, poniendo énfasis en la manera en que personas mayores de 60 años perciben la eficacia y pertinencia de los programas sociales, tanto de transferencia económica como en especie, cómo inciden en su vida cotidiana y si contribuyen a su estabilidad, y por otro lado muestra los "deseos" o necesidades de esta población y sus críticas a la manera en que se asignan actualmente los apoyos.
Hypercalciuria caused by CYP24A1 mutation: Fourteen years of the patient’s follow-up
Authors: Peco-Antic Amira , Ivelja Biljana , Milosevski-Lomic Gordana , Paripovic Dusan , Konrad Martin
Published: March 2017

Introduction. Recently, inactivation mutations of CYP24A1, the gene encoding vitamin D 24-hydroxylase, were identified in hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. Here, we describe ? long-term follow-up of a patient with hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis caused by CYP24A1 mutations. Case outline. A male Montenegro patient first presented with microhematuria at the age of five years. Hypercalciuria had been documented and for some time he had been treated by hydrochlorothiazide. After 12 years, the patient presented with macrohematuria and left-sided nephrolithiasis. He was found to have intermittent borderline hypercalcemia, suppressed parathyroid hormone, hypercalciuria, and increased plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D3]. The patient denied any vitamin D supplementation and all other causes of hypercalcemia were ruled out. Positive family history for nephrolithiasis (both parents and grandmother) and similar biochemical abnormalities detected in father and son pointed to an inherited disorder. A homozygous mutation in CYP24A1 (E143del) was found in the patient and his father, while mother is heterozygous. During the follow-up of two years, the patient underwent four extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsies, he was advised to increase water intake, and to avoid sunlight exposure. At the end of follow-up he was asymptomatic, and his renal ultrasound was normal, as well as his renal function, but hypercalciuria and low parathyroid hormone levels persisted. Conclusion. Hypervitaminosis D should be considered in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria, nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis of unknown etiology. Recognition of CYP24A1 mutations in these patients may help to decrease the serious consequences by avoiding vitamin D supplements and excessive sun exposure.
Rubber Composition–Properties Relationships during Tire Numerical Simulation and Design Optimization
Authors: Mazin Alexey , Kapustin Alexander , Soloviev Mikhail , Karanets Alexander
Published: March 2017

Numerical simulation based on finite element analysis is now widely used during the design optimization of tires, thereby drastically reducing the time investment in the design process and improving tire performance because it is obtained from the optimized solution. Rubber material models that are used in numerical calculations of stress–strain distributions are nonlinear and may include several parameters. The relations of these parameters with rubber formulations are usually unknown, so the designer has no information on whether the optimal set of parameters is reachable by the rubber technological possibilities. The aim of this work was to develop such relations. The most common approach to derive the equation of the state of rubber is based on the expansion of the strain energy in a series of invariants of the strain tensor. Here, we show that this approach has several drawbacks, one of which is problems that arise when trying to build on its basis the quantitative relations between the rubber composition and its properties. An alternative is to use a series expansion in orthogonal functions, thereby ensuring the linear independence of the coefficients of elasticity in evaluation of the experimental data and the possibility of constructing continuous maps of “the composition to the property.” In the case of orthogonal Legendre polynomials, the technique for constructing such maps is considered, and a set of empirical functions is proposed to adequately describe the dependence of the parameters of nonlinear elastic properties of general-purpose rubbers on the content of the main ingredients. The calculated sets of parameters were used in numerical tire simulations including static loading, footprint analysis, braking/acceleration, and cornering and also in design optimization procedures.
Propiedades mecánicas de Recubrimientos de Ti-Si-N sintetizado por pulverización catódica reactiva
Authors: Guerra Betancourt Jose Luis , González Carmona Juan Manuel , Ruden Muñoz Alexander , Ortega Carolina , Sequeda Federico
Published: March 2017

Se depositaron recubrimientos de Ti-Si-N mediante DC Magnetrón Sputtering reactivo, sobre sustratos de acero inoxidable AISI 304, variando el flujo de N2, con el fin de estudiar su efecto en las propiedades estructurales, mecánicas y tribológicas. Los recubrimientos se depositaron utilizando un blanco de Ti-Si (90-10 % at.) con 99,999% de pureza. La caracterización estructural se realizó por medio de Difracción de Rayos X (XRD), con lo cual se encontraron los picos correspondientes a cristalitos de TiN. Al no encontrar evidencias de la formación de las fases Ti-Si-N, Ti-Si, Ti o Si libre, se determinó que el compuesto está formado por granos cristalinos de TiN en una matriz amorfa de SiN. Dicho resultado está apoyado en análisis realizados por FTIR y EDS. Las propiedades mecánicas fueron estudiadas por medio de nanoindentación, obteniendo valores de dureza alrededor de 23 GPa cuando se utilizan bajos flujos de N2.
Posisjonering og evaluering i argumenterande elevtekstar
Authors: Myklebust Hege
Published: March 2017

I denne artikkelen blir posisjonerings- og evalueringsteori brukt for å analysera argumenterande elevtekstar frå første klasse på vidaregåande skule. Tekstane er henta frå ein diskusjonstråd på Internett, der elevane hadde skrive innlegg som del av eit opplegg i samfunnsfag. Elevane diskuterte både munnleg i klasserommet og skriftleg på nett, delvis overlappande, men i artikkelen er berre de skriftlege bidraga analyserte. Analysen er knytt opp mot eit kompetansemål i læreplanen, som seier at elevane skal «drøfte samfunnsfaglege tema i digitale diskusjonsforum og vurdere eigne forståingar i lys av andre sine innlegg». Forskingsspørsmåla er: Korleis posisjonerer elevane seg som samfunnsdebattantar når dei diskuterer samfunnsfaglege emne i opne, digitale nettforum? Korleis kjem det til syne at elevane «vurderer eigne forståingar i lys av andre sine innlegg»? Funna viser at elevane gjer dette på tre ulike måtar, alt etter korleis ein tolkar andre del av kompetansemålet. Eit anna funn er at elevane stort sett posisjonerer seg som seriøse samfunnsdebattantar i debatten.
English abstract
Positioning and Evaluation in Argumentative Student Texts
In this article, theories about positioning and appraisal are used to analyze argumentative students’ texts from the first year of upper secondary school. The texts are retrieved from a discussion thread on the Internet, that the students wrote in a social science class. The students debated both orally in the classroom and in writing online, partly overlapping, but in the article only the written contributions are analyzed. The analysis is connected to a goal of competence in the national curriculum in Norway, stating that the students should be able to “debate subjects relevant to social science in digital discussion fora, and consider their own understandings in light of contributions from others” (my translation). The research questions are How do the students construct their discursive selves when discussing subjects relevant to social science in digital discussion fora, and how do they position themselves in relation to the expected readers? What writing culture(s) are shaping the utterances? How does it appear (in the texts) that the students “consider their own understandings in light of contributions from others”? The findings show that the students to a large degree construct readers who do not understand, and position themselves as someone who knows better. The utterances are shaped by the writing culture in the forum, and the writing culture from school/the subject has to yield. It seems that the students «consider their own understandings in light of contributions from others» in three different ways, depending on the different ways of understanding the last part of the competence goal.
Breading Process Using Legumes: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum), Pea (Pisum sativum) and Fava Bean (Vicia faba)/Empanizado usando leguminosas: garbanzo (Cicer arietum), chícharo (Pisum sativum) y haba (Vicia faba)
Authors: Cerón Carrillo Teresa , Santiesteban-López Norma Angélica , Acle-Mena Ramón , Morales Paredes Yesbek
Published: March 2017

The study was based on the use of a carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and chick pea solutions as coating products on some pieces of chicken nuggets followed by a breading process with powdered dried legumes (peas, fava beans and chickpea), and a frying process. The intention was to measure the fat absorbed, the cooking yield, its juiciness and the acceptability of the final product in a group of consumers. The main objective study is to propose a new breading alternative from the use of two coating products (carboxymethylcellulose and chick pea solution) on some pieces of chicken nuggets and a breading of powdered dried legumes; peas (Pisum sativum), fava beans (Vicia faba) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum), followed by a fried process, in order to reduce the oil uptake and to improve the sensory characteristics of the final products increasing at the same time protein and fiber levels in food that normally won’t.The results were analyzed through the Tukey´s test and the Analysis of Variance Analysis. It was observed that legume breading is a better alternative for fried products in comparison with bread crumbs breading (p<0.05) due to its moisture retention, its oil usage and its sensory characteristics. CMC coated products were also a good alternative in addition to legume breading in maintaining juiciness and cooking yield products as cooked. CMC coating+chickpea breading presented the best results among the legume breaded products.
A FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA NOS INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA: POTENCIALIDADES E DESAFIOS NA VISÃO DE GESTORES
Authors: Verdum Priscila , Morosini Marília , Giraffa Lúcia
Published: March 2017

Este artigo visa discutir potencialidades e desafios na formação inicial de professores para a Educação Básica, no âmbito dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia (IFs), a partir de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, do tipo Estudo de Caso, realizada com gestores (pró-reitores, diretores de ensino e coordenadores de curso) do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS). A coleta de dados envolveu entrevista do tipo compreensiva e a interpretação deu-se com base na metodologia qualitativa da Análise Textual Discursiva (MORAES; GALIAZZI, 2007). Emergiram como potencialidades: a verticalização do ensino, aliada às diferentes esferas de aprendizagem; pesquisa e extensão; e a ação prática como geradora de conhecimento. Dentre os desafios, destacaram-se: a necessidade de uma identidade para as licenciaturas nos IFs, de diagnósticos sobre a situação dessas na instituição e a valorização da carreira docente. Os resultados revelaram que é preciso criar espaços de formação e reflexão para os professores formadores e desenvolver diagnósticos sobre os cursos de licenciatura no contexto dessas instituições.
Editorial
Authors: Mendes Beatriz De Castro Andrade
Published: March 2017

Editorial
Verificar a influência do uso do aparelho auditivo no desempenho cognitivo de idosos
Authors: Magrini Amanda Monteiro , Momensohn-Santos Teresa Maria
Published: March 2017

Introdução: A perda auditiva no idoso influencia na sua qualidade de vida e indiretamente pode influenciar na preservação da integridade do seu sistema cognitivo. Estudos mostram que o uso de aparelhos auditivos pode ser considerado como uma estratégia para melhorar a qualidade de vida desta população e também seu desempenho cognitivo. Objetivo: verificar a influência do uso do aparelho auditivo na pontuação do exame de rastreio cognitivo de idosos após três meses de uso do dispositivo. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório e retrospectivo, realizado em uma unidade de saúde, através da análise de prontuário de idosos primeiros usuários de aparelho auditivo. Foram verificados: dados demográficos, características clinicas, exames audiométricos, questionário de auto avaliação do handicap auditivo para idosos (HHIE-S) e o mini exame do estado mental (MEEM) no primeiro e no segundo retorno, após a entrega dos aparelhos auditivos. Resultados: adequaram-se aos critérios de inclusão 53 idosos, com média de idade de 64 anos, sendo o zumbido e as alterações dentárias as características clínicas que mais se destacaram. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante antes e após o uso do aparelho auditivo para o HHIES e o MEEM também apresentou um aumento estatisticamente significativo, principalmente para os idosos com maior nível de escolaridade. Conclusão: A escolaridade foi um fator que interferiu no exame cognitivo após os três meses de uso do AASI, porém indicam-se mais pesquisas longitudinais enfocando a perda auditiva e aspectos ligados à cognição do idoso.
Pleisztocén folyóvízi kavics a Villányi-hegységben
Authors: Szujó Gábor Lajos , Sebe Krisztina , Sipos György , Pozsgai Emília
Published: March 2017

A Villányi-hegységben eddigi ismereteink szerint a kainozoos képződményeket elsősorban késő-pliocén–kvarter szárazföldi üledékek, vörösagyagok és lösz képviselik. A villányi Templom-hegy siklóbevágásának közelmúltbeli letisztítása eddig ismeretlen kvarter képződményt tett hozzáférhetővé, amely fontos adalékot jelenthet a Villányi-hegység kainozoos fejlődéstörténetéhez. A cikk célja a mezozoos rétegekre települt fedőképződmények leírása, képződési körülményeinek, valamint korának meghatározása és ősföldrajzi viszonyainak felvázolása.A kibillent alaphegységi rétegsorra homokbetelepüléses durva kavics, majd eróziós határral kavicszsinóros aleurit települ. A durva kavics a kőzetanyagok vizsgálata alapján a közvetlen közelből származik, a forráskőzetek nagy része azonosítható a Villányi-hegység északi részén található, főleg alaphegységi (Csukmai Formáció Templomhegyi Dolomit Tagozata, Mészhegyi Homokkő és Somssichhegyi Mészkő Formáció), kis részben fiatalabb kőzettípusokkal (üregkitöltő vörösagyag és kalcit). A kavicsba települő homok nehézásvány-összetétele a közvetlen fekü felső-triász Mészhegyi és Somssichhegyi Formációval rokonítható. Szintén rövid szállítási távolságra utal a kavicsok vegyes, gyenge-jó koptatottsága. A kavicsösszlet kora a környéken pleisztocén korú üregkitöltő kalcit és vörösagyag anyagú kavicsok alapján pleisztocénnél nem idősebb; a betelepülő homok OSL módszerrel meghatározott kora több mint 400ezer év. A fentiek alapján a kavicsösszletet egy, a késő-pleisztocénnél korábban már létező vízfolyás üledékeként, folyóvízi teraszként értelmezhetjük. Ez a folyóvíz a mai Villány-pogányi-vízfolyás őse lehetett, amely a hegység északi előterében, annak lábánál haladva érinti az azonosított forráskőzeteket. A hegység lassú emelkedésével a vízfolyás bevágódott, a kavicstest szárazra került és erodálódott, kis, lapos völgy vágódott bele, majd töltődött ki a riss (MIS 6) során lejtőlösszel és felületi lemosással szállítódó homok-kavics méretű törmelékkel. A terület emelkedési üteme a fiatal negyedidőszakban legfeljebb ~0,05 mm/év lehetett.
Evaluation of Collision Potential at Four- Legged Unsignalized Intersection Using Traffic Conflict Technique
Authors: Ibitoye Biliyamin Adeoye , AbdulWahab Rasheed , Bamidele Abigael
Published: March 2017

The counting of traffic conflict allows the estimation of accident potential at a particular location such as at-grade intersection. The objective of this paper is to examine the evasive action of driver occurs with some frequency at Shao intersection which may result in potential accident. This paper applied traffic conflict techniques to evaluate collision potential at unsignalized intersection located at Shao. The morning and evening peak traffic flow was captured using a video camera for seven days and then analyzed by playing back the video on daily basis. The 100 sample size of observed conflict was based on 95% confidence level, 5% permitted error and the proportion of the vehicles that were involved in a specific conflict for the observed traffic flow. The conflicts identified were compared with volume counts at minor approach. The daily peak hour approach traffic volumes were found to have a close relationship with the percentage values of conflict on the two minor approaches. It also showed that rear end collision accounted for more than 70 percent of traffic conflicts and it correlated well with the traffic volumes on WB and EB approaches.
Strengthening the evidence and action on multi-sectoral partnerships in public health: an action research initiative
Authors: Willis C. D. , Greene J. K. , Abramowicz A. , Riley B. L.
Published: March 2017

Introduction

The Public Health Agency of Canada’s Multi-sectoral Partnerships
Initiative, administered by the Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention (CCDP), brings
together diverse partners to design, implement and advance innovative approaches for
improving population health. This article describes the development and initial priorities
of an action research project (a learning and improvement strategy) that aims to facilitate
continuous improvement of the CCDP’s partnership initiative and contribute to the
evidence on multi-sectoral partnerships.

Methods

The learning and improvement strategy for the CCDP’s multi-sectoral
partnership initiative was informed by (1) consultations with CCDP staff and senior
management, and (2) a review of conceptual frameworks to do with multi-sectoral
partnerships. Consultations explored the development of the multi-sectoral initiative,
barriers and facilitators to success, and markers of effectiveness. Published and grey
literature was reviewed using a systematic search strategy with findings synthesized
using a narrative approach.

Results

Consultations and the review highlighted the importance of understanding
partnership impacts, developing a shared vision, implementing a shared measurement
system and creating opportunities for knowledge exchange. With that in mind, we
propose a six-component learning and improvement strategy that involves (1)
prioritizing learning needs, (2) mapping needs to evidence, (3) using relevant datacollection
methods, (4) analyzing and synthesizing data, (5) feeding data back to CCDP
staff and teams and (6) taking action. Initial learning needs include investigating
partnership reach and the unanticipated effects of multi-sectoral partnerships for
individuals, groups, organizations or communities.

Conclusion

While the CCDP is the primary audience for the learning and improvement
strategy, it may prove useful for a range of audiences, including other government
departments and external organizations interested in capturing and sharing new
knowledge generated from multi-sectoral partnerships.
The Emergence and Evolution of Urban Māori Authorities: A Response to Māori Urbanisation
Authors: Keiha Pare , Moon Paul
Published: March 2017

When considering cultures and peoples in virtually any context, there can be an underlying tendency to compartmentalise these groups and make assumptions about their features and characteristics that are not necessarily borne out in practice. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the analysis of the dichotomy of traditional and modern societies presented in the writings of the American economists Walt Rostow and Neil Smelser. Rostow and Smelser both cast traditional, non-European communities as having rigid hierarchical systems, limited opportunities for social mobility, fixed limits on productive capacity, low formal educational attainment, and a generally static state of development. 1 A challenge to this depreciatory portrayal was made by the Latin American economist Andre Gunder Frank, who methodically dismantled these stifling classifications of traditional societies. Frank pointed out that constructs used by Rostow and Smelser were essentially a European-imposed perception of how traditional communities operated, and ignored the substantial capacity of these commuities for development – a capacity that would only materialise if such communities were given sufficient self-determination. The debate about the perception, nature, and capacity of so-called traditional societies in the modern world has a direct bearing on the expectations and understandings of urban Maori in Aotearoa/New Zealand. This chapter explores several themes arising out of an examination of some of the social and structural aspects of Maori urbanisation. These lead to the conclusion that the emergence of Maori urban authorities are now a permanent feature in Maori society, and are an entirely legitimate form of association, in both a structural and cultural sense.
Ka Rangona te Reo: The Development of Māori-language Television Broadcasting in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Middleton Julie
Published: March 2017

New Zealanders today can hear Māori language broadcast in a variety of contexts:  on Māori Television and to a lesser extent on state-owned TV1, TV2 and privately-held TV3, on digital platforms and via broadcasters' programmes-on-demand internet sites.  However, these opportunities are a relatively recent development spurred by years of agitation by Māori about the decline of te reo Māori in an English-saturated world and the recognition that the powerful medium of television broadcasting could help promote, protect and enhance reo and tikanga.
Developing Internet Protocol Television and Future Broadcasting Platforms: A Literature Review
Authors: Sheehan Maree
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this literature review is to examine fundamental research that has been undertaken in the field of Internet protocols. It will look at technology, cultural knowledge, and economic factors for Māori in order to explore the development of Internet protocol television (IPTV) and future broadcasting platforms.Furthermore, this review seeks to obtain relevant information and research in order to critically appraise studies and directly use the information to identify relevant areas for Māori; formulate questions for further research into the development of IPTV and future broadcasting and to synthesise the results in a summary to demonstrate what is known and what is not known about the development of IPTV for Māori.