bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corporate Restructuring in Vietnam: An Analysis of Asset Restructuring
Authors: Su Dinh Thanh , Doan Vu Nguyen , Bui Thanh Trung
Published: October 2020

Corporate restructuring is likely to be approached from various aspects. In this paper and in the context of Vietnam, it is inspected via asset restructuring. Using both financial and non-financial indicators of 226 listed firms on Hochiminh Stock Exchange (HOSE) and Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX) over the 2007–2014 period, this paper investigates: (i) the determinants of corporate restructuring in Vietnam; and (ii) the effects of corporate restructuring on corporate performance. Empirical findings show that: (i) the fact that an enterprise conducts its restructuring plans primarily depends on its performance, and ownership concentration has a negative impact on the process of restructuring; (ii) a board with the presence of outside directors has positive and statistically significant effects on the performance of the firm, and foreign holdings lead to subsequent performance improvement.
Effects of Internal Factors on Nonperforming Loans of Vietnam's Commercial Banks
Authors: Bui Duy Tung , Dang Thi Bach Van
Published: October 2020

This paper employs dynamic panel data to assess the effects of bank-specific factors on nonperforming loans (NPLs) of Vietnam’s commercial banks between 2004 and 2014. Using two-step GMM estimator besides other macro variables, we find that the nonperforming loans are affected by various factors, including management quality and moral hazard along with their negative impacts. The results are consistent with previous theoretical suggestions. Particularly, ownership concentration reveals opposite results to the proposed theories, and no evidence can be found on the hypothesis that diversification of banking activities may reduce the level of nonperforming loans.
Awareness and Implementation of Total Quality Management: The case of Enterprises in Danang City
Authors: Nguyen Thi Bich Thuy
Published: October 2020

Implementation of quality management in accordance with advanced quality management models, especially the Total Quality Management (TQM) approach, is crucial to the outcome quality of organizations, customer satisfaction, organizational competitive advantages, and financial performance in the present integrating environment. This study aims to construct measures to assess the awareness and implementation situation of TQM among the enterprises in Danang city. The results show that despite a high level of quality awareness by the managers, the TQM implementation is still limited among the surveyed businesses.
Effects of Brand Experience on Brand Loyalty in Fashion Retail Business
Authors: Pham Thi Lan Huong , Ngo Thi Hong , Tran Trieu Khai
Published: October 2020

In the retail environment where fierce competition pressure can be perceived, the role of brand experience becomes increasingly important. This study addresses the theory of brand experience and verifies its relationship with brand loyalty as well as its scales and model in the fashion retail industry. With the data collected from direct personal interviews with 285 consumers aged between 18–35 of such two fashion brands as Ninomax and Blue Exchange in Danang City, the findings suggest positive effects of the constructs of brand experience concerning sense, emotion, cognition, and relation on the two concepts of shopping experience and product experience, both of which, in turn, have positive effects on brand personality, brand trust, brand satisfaction, and brand loyalty. Particularly, brand trust is found to have no effect on brand loyalty.
Early Warning Systems of Currency Crises: An Empirical Investigation in Vietnam
Authors: Vo Thi Thuy Anh , Tran Nguyen Tram Anh , Ha Xuan Thuy
Published: October 2020

Based on the study of Kaminsky and Reinhart (1999), this paper studies and applies early warning systems of currency crises to the case of Vietnam from 1996 to 2014. Its results show that the currency crisis is signaled six times during the observed period. Several principal indicators of the currency crisis in Vietnam include increased import, decreased export, excess real M1 balances, low international reserves and deposit growth, high interest rate and credit growth, high domestic-foreign rate differential, and decreased real output. Hence, the Government and the State Bank of Vietnam should grant appropriate policies not only to control the money supply and interest rate, but also to stimulate the ability of capital mobilization of Vietnam’s banking system and to facilitate export activities in the coming years.
Labor Dependence, Income Diversification, Rural Credit, and Technical Efficiency of Small-Holder Coffee Farms: A Case Study of Cu M'gar District, Dak Lak Province, Vietnam
Authors: Ho Quoc Thong , Tuyet Hoa Niekdam
Published: October 2020

Vietnam coffee sector plays a crucial role not only in the country’s economy but also in the global coffee market, and improving coffee production efficiency may benefit coffee producers. However, small-holder coffee farming households still encounter many difficulties regarding resources and socio-economic conditions affecting coffee production efficiency. This study examines relationships among income diversification, rural credit loan, labor dependence, and technical efficiency in coffee production through a face-to-face survey with participation of 143 coffee farming households conducted in Cu M’gar District, Dak Lak Province, Vietnam. The stochastic frontier model shows that the mean of technical efficiency scores is 0.64, and it also verifies the existence of inefficiency variation. Both Maximum Likelihood Estimate (MLE) and Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) consistently indicate that a higher level of diversity in income sources negatively affects coffee production efficiency. Additionally, independence in labor resource for coffee farming may help farmers increase technical efficiency of coffee production. Credit loan has a positive and statistically significant relationship with technical efficiency of coffee production. These relationships hold especially true for smallholder coffee farms with ethnic minority household heads. The policy options of credit loan access, intensive investment in coffee production rather than diversification of coffee farmers’ income sources, and independent management strategies for labor sources are suggested as an integrated approach to improve technical efficiency in coffee production of smallholder coffee farms.
Applying three VaR (value at risk) approaches in measuring market risk of stock portfolio: The case study of VN-30 stocks basket in HOSE
Authors: Nguyen Quang Thinh , Vo Thi Quy
Published: October 2020

This study examines and applies the three statistical value at risk models including variance-covariance, historical simulation, and Monte Carlo simulation in measuring market risk of VN-30 portfolio of Ho Chi Minh stock exchange (HOSE) in Vietnam stock market and some back-testing techniques in assessing the validity of the VaR performance in the timeframe of January 30, 2012–February 26, 2016. The models are constructed from two volatility methods of stock price: SMA and EWMA throughout the five chosen confi-dence level: 90%, 93%, 95%, 97.5%, and 99%. The findings of the study show that the differences among the results of three models are not significant. Additionally, three VaR (Value at Risk) models have generally the similar accepted range assessed in both types of back-tests at all confidence levels considered and at the 97.5% con-fidence level. They can work best to achieve the highest validity level of results in satisfying both conditional and unconditional back-tests. The Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) has been considered the most appropriate method to apply in the context of VN-30 port-folio due to its flexibility in distribution simulation. Recommenda-tions for further research and investigations are provided according-ly.
Perception on ethical climate and individual job performance of bank employees
Authors: Hoàng Hải Yến
Published: October 2020

This study investigates the impacts of various organizational ethical climates (egoism, principle, benevolence) on individual performance of bank employees. The research is conducted on the sample consisting of employees working in the commercial banks with less than 50% of state capital in Vietnam. The total of 364 valid complete questionnaires are input into SPSS database for processing. The research model and hypotheses are tested using the technique of Structural Equation Modeling. The research results show that different perceptions on organization ethical environment would lead to different individual performance. When the employee perceives his/her ethical environment as Eegoism, productivity, quality, and work efficiency would be significantly higher than those of the environments of benevolence. No impact, however, is identified of principle ethical environment on employees’ performance.
Corporate governance, pyramid ownership, and firm value: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Trần Thị Hải Lý , Nguyễn Kim Đức
Published: October 2020

This paper examines the relation among corporate governance practices, pyramid ownership structure, and firm value by using a sample of Vietnamese listed firms. Using a sample of 103 non-financial firms listed on HOSE for the period from 2012 to 2014, and employing two-stage least square regression (2SLS) to deal with potential endogeneity, we find that some indicators, commonly adopted as a key components of corporate governance, such as size or independence of board of directors, are imperfect proxies for corporate governance practices. Our results indicate that it is better to employ a corporate governance index (CGI), including 117 criteria developed by Connelly, Limpaphayom, and Nagarajan (2012) since it allows for more comprehensive estimation of corporate governance. More interestingly, our results show that the pyramid ownership plays an important role in the effect of corporate governance on firm value. The results are consistent regardless of whether companies have high or low family ownership.
Competition and efficiency among Vietnam's commercial banks
Authors: Phan Thi Thom , Than Thi Thu Thuy
Published: October 2020

This article investigates the impact of bank competition on cost and profit efficiency in the Vietnam’s commercial banking system dur-ing 2005–2014. Based on different testing techniques, our results agree with the findings of Turk-Ariss (2010) that bank competition has a negative effect on profit efficiency and those of Pruteanu-Podpiera et al. (2008) and Maudos and de Guevara (2007) that bank competition is negatively related to cost efficiency. We also find that inflation and lag of competition are the two factors affect-ing the competition among these banks.
Constructive Approach of the Solution of Riemann Problem for Shallow Water Equations with Topography and Vegetation
Authors: Ion Stelian , Cruceanu Stefan-Gicu , Marinescu Dorin
Published: October 2020

We investigate the Riemann Problem for a shallow water model with porosity and terrain data. Based on recent results on the local existence, we build the solution in the large settings (the magnitude of the jump in the initial data is not supposed to be “small enough”). One di culty for the extended solution arises from the double degeneracy of the hyperbolic system describing the model. Another di culty is given by the fact that the construction of the solution assumes solving an equation which has no global solution. Finally, we present some cases to illustrate the existence and non-existence of the solution.
Fitzpatrick transform of monotone relations in Hadamard spaces
Authors: Moslemipour A. , Roohi M. , Mardanbeigi M. R. , Azhini M.
Published: October 2020

In the present paper, monotone relations and maximal monotone relations from an Hadamard space to its linear dual space are investigated. Fitzpatrick transform of monotone relations in Hadamard spaces is introduced. It is shown that Fitzpatrick transform of a special class of monotone relations is proper, convex and lower semi-continuous. Finally, a representation result for monotone relations is given.
Concise Review: SARS-CoV-2 Persistence in the Environment and Its Sensitivity to Biocides
Authors: Brusina E.B. , Chezganova E.A.
Published: October 2020

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global health threat. This review summarizes comprehensive research findings about the SARS-CoV-2 persistence in inanimate surfaces and opportunities for applying biocides to limit spread of COVID-19. SARS-CoV2 is highly stable at 4°C but sensitive to heat and extremely stable in a wide range of pH values at room temperature. Coronaviruses also well survive in suspension. Desiccation has a more severe effect. SARS-CoV-2 can survive in the air for hours and on surfaces for days. Hospitals are significant epicenters for the human-to-human transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 for healthcare workers. The most contaminated SARS-CoV-2 zones and objects in isolation wards, in intensive care unit specialized for novel coronavirus pneumonia, are under discussion. SARS-CoV2 is sensitive to standard disinfection methods. Studies revealed that 62-71% ethanol, 0.5% hydrogen peroxide or 0.1% sodium hypochlorite inactivated SARS-CoV2 in 1 minute exposition; while 0.05-0.2% benzalkonium chloride or 0.02% chlorhexidine digluconate were less effective. Both ethanol and isopropanol were able to reduce viral titers after 30-seconds exposure. It was found for reusing personal protective equipment vaporized hydrogen peroxide treatment exhibits the best combination of rapid inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and preservation of N95 respirator integrity under the experimental conditions. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 can be highly stable in a favourable environment, but it is also susceptible to standard disinfection methods. Environmental infection control of the air and especially for surfaces is considered as a mandatory step in addition to limiting person-to-person contact.
Análisis de la Ley N° 20.760 sobre declaración de un solo empleador: revisión jurisprudencial a cinco años de su entrada en vigencia
Authors: Scheihing Cuevas Pablo , López Cartagena Katerin
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto practicar un análisis teórico y práctico sobre la aplicación jurisprudencial que han hecho los jueces de la instancia a los preceptos de la Ley N° 20.760 sobre declaración de un solo empleador, denominada coloquialmente “Multirut”. En primer lugar se revisarán las razones que llevaron a la dictación de la ley, así como su contenido y efectos lo que permitirá entender la necesidad de su existencia. En segundo lugar se desarrolla un análisis en profundidad de las sentencias dictadas sobre la materia en estos 5 años por los Juzgados de Letras del Trabajo, para verificar cómo los sentenciadores han tratado la declaración de único empleador, cómo se ha entendido el concepto de dirección laboral común y cuáles son los indicios que se han considerado. En tercer lugar, y sobre la base del mismo análisis jurisprudencial, se tratan otros aspectos accesorios pero relevantes: quiénes tienen legitimación activa para demandar, quiénes tienen legitimación pasiva, en qué momento puede solicitarse dicha declaración, y la aplicación de sanciones asociadas como el subterfugio, entre otras. Por último, se presentan algunas reflexiones prácticas y se enuncian algunas propuestas de mejora en la aplicación de esta ley.
Um estudo comparativo da determinação de requisitos de etapas inventivas no Irã e nos EUA
Authors: Kamali Esmaeel
Published: October 2020

Assessment of the Inventive Step Requirement is one of the most sensitive and difficult stages in statutory invention registration. Different requirements are taken into consideration in determining if this requirement is satisfied. Such requirements are divided to two categories – primary and secondary− per the Patent Law practiced by United States Patent and Trademark Office. The studies show that the mentioned assessments are easier in US compared to European countries for in those countries the precision and solidarity in practicing the inventive step requirement is more compared to US. In Iran, contrary to the mentioned cases, the assessment is not done in the Patent Office by the experts but rather by the verification the office conducts from the Universities and Science and Technology Parks of the country wherein, due to lack of knowledge about the Patent Law, the assessment is not done precisely; an issue which can accentuate the outlook appertaining to oneness of innovation and inventive step in the process of assessment. The present paper attempts at studying the patent law in Iran and US in order to put forward the criteria which is practices in assessing the ‘inventive step’ in the Iran Intellectual Property Office (Patent Subdivision) and United States Patent and Trademark Office.
Far Eastern migration: peculiarities of the interpretation. Example of the Khabarovsk Territory case
Authors: Kovalevskij А. V. , Blyakher L. E.
Published: October 2020

The topic of migration in scientific discourse is not new. There are many works describing certain scenarios that are relevant for research in large foreign cities or settlements in the European part of Russia. This situation leads to the strengthening of ideas about the existence of a macro-community, which functions according to a single logic for a number of settlements and regions. But the application of generally accepted rules seems irrelevant for cities formed differently. Far Eastern cities are an example of such settlements. This study is aimed at studying the features of migration processes in the Khabarovsk Territory, primarily in the city of Khabarovsk. We strive to show that migration is here a condition for the existence of a community that predetermines the very type of economic activity. At the same time, the prevalence of "outflow" in recent years is associated not with the crisis or socio-economic miscalculations, but with bringing the population in line with the needs of the territory.
Public Biases Against Lobbying and Its Regulation as a Way to Overcome Them
Authors: Pisarev I. I.
Published: October 2020

This article focuses on a wide range of biases against lobbying, which emerge as myths, misconceptions, and stereotypes. These biases skew the image of reality around lobbying, which can be addressed by the introduction of its regulation. Such practice exists in over 20 countries, most of them being members of the EU. Regulation of lobbying in these and other countries is practiced both at the national and the subnational levels. EU also gives an example of supranational regulation of lobbying. The proliferation of lobbying regulation across so many countries has encouraged international organizations such as the Commonwealth of Interdependent States, OECD, and the Council of Europe to develop recommendations on lobbying regulation for their country members.
Children's spatial thinking in regional geographical knowledge
Authors: Minat V. N.
Published: October 2020

The primary basis of any scientific perception of spatio–temporal reality is geographical space. This logical position is revealed by the authors of this article in relation to the development of spatial thinking of school-age children, formed within the framework of knowledge of the surrounding reality and a complete geographical picture of the world, characterized by regional features. Based on the study of theoretical material and analysis of experimental research results, General approaches to a realistic understanding of multilevel perception of space by children based on the realization of their own potential are formulated.
Analytical capacity of financial statements against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Efimova O.V. , Rozhnova O.V.
Published: October 2020

Subject. The paper explores the analytical capabilities of information disclosed in financial statements in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives. The purpose is to identify the impact of the pandemic on financial statements and their analytical capabilities for investment decision-making. Methods. The study draws on methods of logical, statistical, comparative, and linguistic analysis. We analyze financial statements of Russian and foreign companies, paying special attention to the completeness of disclosed information on the impact of the pandemic on business and financial performance. We review annual financial statements for 2019, and interim reports for 2020. Results. We unveil the areas of disclosures that are most critical for the investment community and investment decision making, and vital for the analysis of financial performance and cash flows, given the unprecedented impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings may be applicable to financial reporting preparation by economic entities in terms of disclosure on various forms of transformation and adaptation of businesses to the new crisis conditions; modernization of accounting rules at the level of external and internal standards in the direction of coordinating financial and non-financial reporting information; enhancement of analytical capacity of disclosures. Conclusions. The study confirms the scientific hypothesis that investors require detailed disclosure in all areas of the pandemic impact. To evaluate the going concern assumption and to forecast cash flows, users need disclosures on business strategy, the business model and its adaptability to the conditions of the new normality, sources of cash flow generation, and their use areas.
Analyzing the indicators of production and reserves of the world's largest public oil and gas corporations
Authors: Shimko O.V.
Published: October 2020

Subject. The article reviews the production and proved reserves of the largest public oil and gas companies from 2006 to 2018.
Objectives. The purpose is to determine key trends in production and proved reserves indicators and identify the factors, leading to this transformation during the studied period.
Methods. The study draws on methods of comparative analysis, as well as the generalization of materials of annual financial statements.
Results. The paper establishes a proportional increase in the production of liquid hydrocarbons and natural gas, and determines that most of the total production accounts for liquid hydrocarbons. It reveals that there has been an increase in proved reserves, and that the component of liquid hydrocarbons in the structure has gradually reached almost two thirds. It is found that in terms of pace, the increase in the production of liquid hydrocarbons and natural gas was ahead of the increase in the corresponding proved reserves, as compared to the level of the world's largest public oil and gas corporations, and, therefore, there was a general decrease in the level of reserve life of companies.
Conclusions. In conditions of increasing production by leading public oil and gas corporations at available prices for raw materials, it becomes difficult for many independent companies to maintain an acceptable level of availability of proved hydrocarbon reserves.
The investment mechanism for the development of innovative subsystems of different levels of the global center countries
Authors: Akhmetov T.R.
Published: October 2020

Subject. This article examines the investment mechanism of innovative subsystems of different levels of the countries of the global center.
Objectives. The article aims to reveal the features of the investment mechanism mentioned.
Methods. For the study, I used logical, statistical, and comparative analyses.
Results. The article describes the key distinctive feature of the investment mechanism for the development of innovative subsystems of the global center countries as a logical chain of several interconnected and interrelated elements.
Relevance. The results of the study can be applied by the State authorities when designing strategies for the development of economic investment mechanisms at the federal and regional levels.
Financial market transformation and demand for a new type of specialists
Authors: Koloskova N.V. , Chistyakova O.A.
Published: October 2020

Subject. We investigate the influence of modern trends in the development of the financial market on the labor market for young specialists in the financial sector, identifying the growing contradictions between new requirements for professional qualifications and the ability of educational institutions to provide appropriate competencies for future financial market specialists majoring in Finance and Credit.
Objectives. The aim is to study theoretical aspects and analyze the professional competence of young specialists majoring in the field of Finance and Credit in the context of financial market transformation.
Methods. We employ methods of economic analysis, the content analysis, comparison, and expert assessments. The program and analytical documents of the Bank of Russia and the data of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection served as the information base for the study.
Results. The paper confirms the hypothesis about the lack of flexibility and adaptability of the system of higher professional education with respect to high rates of changes in the financial market, both institutional and technological. We prove the inconsistency of new demands of the financial market and the emerging competencies of university graduates majoring in Finance and Credit.
Conclusions. The study serves as a prerequisite for predicting the prospects for the labor market development, which is represented by qualified specialists – graduates of educational institutions, in order to harmonize the interests of all participants of the financial market.
Key vectors for improving the activity of regional bodies of the Federal Treasury given the integrated management of public finance
Authors: Nechaeva M.L. , Kiotova D.A.
Published: October 2020

Subject. The article focuses on a set of financial and budgetary relations existing in regional bodies of the federal treasury, inter alia, in public finance management.
Objectives. We search for new tools and available methods to enhance the performance and efficiency of the Federal Treasury bodies, illustrating the operation of the Federal Treasury for the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast.
Methods. The study is based in general methods (the analysis and synthesis, abstraction and generalization), specific research (special) methods (economic analysis, statistical-economic method).
Results. We devised the methodological framework to pinpoint vectors to follow ensuring the development of treasury system. As part of the study, we discovered two main factors to improve the activity of the Department of the Federal Treasury for the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, such as Factor 1 – The Automated Finance Management System, Factor 2 – Financial Forecast. Considering the impact of the factors, we can determine what can be done to strategically manage public and municipal finance. Based on the studies, we can recommend steps to enhance the performance of the treasury system.
Conclusions and Relevance. To implement Factor 1, we suggest setting the single identification and authentication system, which will help outline the public and municipal finance management strategy during turbulent times. To implement Factor 2, we propose methodological principles for forecasting of public finance, which will be based on the time series analysis so as to evaluate patters and dependencies and subsequently make up a model for further trend forecast. The findings will be useful for executives of the Federal Treasury offices and professionals delegated to manage public finance. Furthermore, the findings can underlie further research on economics and finance.
Consideration on Local Heat Transfer Measurement of Plate Heat Exchanger with the Aid of Simulation
Authors: Tun Thiha , Kariya Keishi , Miyara Akio
Published: October 2020

Abstract

In this study, the local heat transfer coefficient of boiling and condensation were obtained by an experimental set up using vertical stainless-steel type brazed plate heat exchanger. A series of 8 vertical brazed plates are used as the major components of the test section of experimental set up and are fabricated into layers so that flow channels are formed between the plates through which water and refrigerants are flowing through. The experiments are carried out at the mass flux of 10, 20 and 50 kg/(m2s). In order to measure the local heat transfer coefficient, flat stainless-steel plates of 10 mm in thickness are installed attached to the vertical plates onto which the thermocouples are positioned to measure the temperature distributions at the surface of the plates. By performing the experiment, the direction of the heat flux across the plate tends to deviate downward especially at the lower part of the plate due to the non-uniform temperature distributions across the plate. The results are analyzed and validated at the mass flux of 10 kg/(m2s) by the aid of the simulation tool by using ANSYS FLUENT 19.1 to estimate the local heat transfer coefficient and the heat flux across the plate. The analysis result shows that the simulation model can assist to track the deviation of the direction of the heat flow from the horizontal direction across the plate and the experimental results of the local heat transfer coefficient have similar trends with that of the simulation results.
Valuation of Environmental Impact Due to Material Construction Mining, Gowa, South Sulawesi
Authors: Arjan Andi , Afifah Arikah Nurhusna , Patila Yubelium Andrew , Anas Aryanti Virtanti
Published: October 2020

Sand, river stone, soil excavation, sandstone and broken stone are the types of construction materials mining in Gowa Regency and many are found in the Jeneberang River. The Jeneberang River is one of the main rivers in South Sulawesi. However, construction materials mining carried out around the Jeneberang River has a negative impact on the surrounding environment. Those negative impacts are erosion, road damage, noise, air pollution, and decrease in water quality. This research was conducted in Gowa Regency. The method used is the Contingent valuation method (CVM). CVM consists of the desire to pay (Willingness to Pay or WTP) and the desire to accept (Willingnes to Accept or WTA. While the social aspect conducts interviews with questionnaire questions to respondents to find out opinions about the surrounding environment. From this study, it is known that WTP and WTA data are inversely proportional. The greater the compensation to be paid, the more societies who want to receive and the fewer companies paid for the compensation.
Fatores associados à automedicação em estudantes de enfermagem e enfermeiros: revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Rodrigues dos Santos Porto Tatiana Naiana , Silva Rodrigues Tatyanne , Stanford Baldoino Luciana , De Sousa Santos Ellen Maria , Pereira de Sousa Neto Benedito , De Sousa Martins Vinícius , Pereira Carvalho Dorivaldo , Moreira Falcão Carla Patrícia , Teixeira Feitosa Gaubeline
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Identificar os fatores associados à prática da automedicação por estudantes de enfermagem e profissionais enfermeiros. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada de agosto a novembro de 2019, na Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e Literatura Latino-America e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Banco de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF) via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Resultados: Alguns fatores relacionados à automedicação mostram-se de risco para a escolha desta prática, sendo eles: o estresse laboral, sobrecarga de trabalho e falta de tempo para buscar consulta médica. Dos 9 artigos analisados na amostra final, o estresse correspondeu a 27%, a sobrecarga e a falta de tempo representaram 18% respectivamente e o conhecimento sobre os medicamentos correspondeu a 37% dos fatores sociais evidenciados no estudo. Entre os fármacos mais consumidos estão os analgésicos (34%), os antidepressivos (24%), os antitérmicos (14%), os anticoncepcionais (14%) e os antibióticos (14%). Considerações finais: Almeja-se que o estudo subsidie ações de promoção da saúde com esta população específica, assim como o desenvolvimento de outros estudos sobre o tema. A limitação principal do estudo foi a escassez de estudos originais voltados para o profissional de enfermagem e estudantes.
Características definidoras dos diagnósticos de enfermagem delineados para recém-nascidos hospitalizados: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Bruna Ferreira Mendonça , Araújo Suely Amorim de , Calegari Tatiany
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Identificar as características definidoras dos diagnósticos de enfermagem delineados para os recém-nascidos hospitalizados. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) com os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): “Diagnóstico de Enfermagem” AND “Recém-Nascido”; na base Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online  (MEDLINE) foram usados os termos controlados  Medical Subject Heading (MeSH): “Nursing Diagnosis” AND “Infant, Newborn”. Critérios de inclusão: idiomas inglês e português, artigos primários, publicados entre 2010-2020, disponíveis na íntegra, que atendessem ao objetivo proposto. Resultados: Nos sete estudos selecionados, os diagnósticos de enfermagem foram referentes aos temas: amamentação, hipertermia, icterícia, problemas respiratórios, hipotermia, glicemia e cardiopatias, agrupados nas categorias temáticas “Acurácia das características definidoras para o desenvolvimento de diagnósticos de enfermagem do recém-nascido” e “Características definidoras conceituais refinadas para a prática clínica no cuidado ao recém-nascido”. Considerações finais: O diagnóstico de enfermagem adequado está relacionado à expertise do enfermeiro em examinar o recém-nascido, identificar sinais e sintomas, delinear as características definidoras, direcionando para intervenções apropriadas e qualidade da assistência ao recém-nascido hospitalizado.
Physical activity patterns six weeks after delivery in postpartum women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sundarapperuma Thamudi Darshi , Wijesinghe Champa , Hettiarachchi Priyadarshika , Wasalathanthri Sudharshani
Published: October 2020

Objectives:

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a world health concern. Women with a history of GDM have a high prevalence of developing type two diabetes mellitus, recurrence of GDM, and impaired glucose intolerance in their future life. Physical activity (PA) is a key component to attenuate the development of these complications. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the PA patterns of GDM women at 6 weeks postpartum.

Material and Methods:

This descriptive cross-sectional component of a large quasi-experimental study was conducted in three selected districts of Sri Lanka in 100 postpartum mothers. Anthropometric and glycemic parameters were assessed at 6 weeks postpartum. Pre-tested International PA Questionnaire (short-version) was used to assess PA. The PA level and intensity were calculated in metabolic equivalent task minutes per week (METminutes/week). Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 version. Both continuous and categorical data were analyzed. Ethical clearance was obtained from the University of Sri Jayewardenepura.

Results:

Mean HbA1c value was 6.64 ± 1.95. Median truncated PA was 3250 MET-minutes/week. The main contributors to energy expenditure in the study sample were moderate intensity household activities and walking with 58% of mothers walking more than 150 min/week. Although in the categorical analysis, 52% of mothers reported high level of PA, only 10% participated in at least one vigorous intensity activity continuously for more than 10 min to achieve reduced metabolic risks. Average sitting time of mothers was about 3 h/day which is in par with the breast-feeding recommendation. None of the PA MET values significantly correlated with the glycemic parameter, HbA1c.

Conclusion:

Although it appears that majority of mothers are physically active, these activities are not optimum in terms of reducing the metabolic risk. We suggest designing exercise protocols incorporating day-to-day moderate intensity activities and walking in a structured and scientific manner to achieve maximum benefits for this special group of women.
ETIKA PENYUSUNAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN; DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Asiam Siti
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya kasus kecurangan dalam pelaporan keuangan yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya etika dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkonstruksi etika penyusunan laporan keuangan dalam meningkatkan kualitas laporan keuangan dalam tinjauan perspektif Islam. Perspektif Islam yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perspektif tokoh Islam dari Indonesia yaitu Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur), perspektif tokoh Islam digunakan untuk menemukan teori yang berdasarkan kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) sehingga data diperoleh melalui proses studi literatur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa  dalam perspektif Abdurrahman Wahid, etis atau tidaknya sebuah tindakan bukan hanya berdasarkan manfaat dan kewajiban, tetapi harus berlandaskan keadilan. Keadilan yang dimaksud adalah keadilan yang memberikan maslahat bagi semua pihak, yang dalam hal ini adalah pihak internal dan eksternal dari sebuah entitas. Sehingga etika dalam penyusunan laporan tidak boleh hanya bertujuan untuk memberikan keuntungan bagi pihak internal, tetapi juga harus memberikan keuntungan bagi pihak eksternal dengan memberikan laporan yang adil. Hal ini bertujuan agar kualitas laporan keuangan meningkat sehingga informasi yang tersajikan tidak merugikan pihak manapun. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan mengunakan bahan kajian yang lebih komprehensif, sehingga hasil penelitian bisa lebih detail.
Die Pianistin spricht. Überlegungen zur Epistemologie von Vertonungsanalysen und ihrer Funktion in musikwissenschaftlicher Forschung
Authors: Huber Annegret
Published: October 2020

There is nothing fundamentally wrong with the premise that a pianist like Clara Wieck/Schumann ‘speaks’ in her song compositions. This, however, raises a number of epistemological questions that will be discussed in this article. First of all, an explicit distinction is made between the examination of the ‘technical’ aspects of her compositional practice – in German: Praktik – (which may allow conclusions to be drawn about the pianist’s implicit knowledge) on the one hand, and the social aspects of her discursive practice – in German: Praxis – on the other. Thus, it is also necessary to discuss the criteria that the structural-analytical methodology must satisfy, as well as to consider to whom the pianist is actually speaking: to us music researchers of the 21st century? Or should we ask ourselves whether our analysis is not rather a “reading of traces” in the sense of Sybille Krämer, through which we invent the ‘producer’ of the analyzed ‘trace’ in the first place? Or to put it another way epistemologically: how do we make the pianist speak? What function does our ‘speaking’ of her compositions – namely the piano parts in her songs – have in scholarly argumentations?
Reducing hERG Toxicity Using Reliable hERG Classification Model and Fragment Grow Model
Authors: Yang Yan , Zhang Yanmin , Zhang Yihang , Chen Xingye , Hua Yi , Xing Guomeng , Deng Chenglong , Liang Li , Lu Tao , He Zhengda , Chen Yadong , Liu Haichun
Published: October 2020

Drug-induced cardiotoxicity has become one of the major reasons leading to drug withdrawal in past decades, which is closely related to the blockade of human Ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) potassium channel. Developing reliable hERG predicting model and optimizing model can greatly reduce the risk faced in drug discovery. In this study, we constructed eight hERG classification models, the best of which shows desirable generalization ability on low-similarity clinical compounds, as well as advantages in perceiving activity gap caused by small structural changes. Furthermore, we developed a hERG optimizer based on fragment grow strategy. Results reveal that after reinforcement learning, our model can provide reasonable optimizing direction to reduce hERG toxicity, especially when hERG risk is corresponding to lipophilicity, basicity and pi-pi interactions. We also prove its usage in helping chemists quickly pick out core fragments and fix on the region to be optimized. Overall, we demonstrate our model as a promising tool for medicinal chemists in hERG optimization attempts.
Predicting Enzymatic Reactions with a Molecular Transformer
Authors: Kreutter David , Schwaller Philippe , Reymond Jean-Louis
Published: October 2020

The use of enzymes for organic synthesis allows for simplified, more economical and selective synthetic routes not accessible to conventional reagents. However, predicting whether a particular molecule might undergo a specific enzyme transformation is very difficult. Here we exploited recent advances in computer assisted synthetic planning (CASP) by considering the Molecular Transformer, which is a sequence-to-sequence machine learning model that can be trained to predict the products of organic transformations, including their stereochemistry, from the structure of reactants and reagents. We used multi-task transfer learning to train the Molecular Transformer with one million reactions from the US Patent Office (USPTO) database as a source of general chemistry knowledge combined with 32,000 enzymatic transformations, each one annotated with a text description of the enzyme. We show that the resulting Enzymatic Transformer model predicts the products formed from a given substrate and enzyme with remarkable accuracy, including typical kinetic resolution processes.
FORECASTING REPRODUCTIVE QUALITIES AND PREDISPOSITIONS FOR MASTITES IN COWS OF THE HOLSTEIN AND SIMMENTAL BREED
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, AVDEYENKO V.S. , FEDOTOV S.V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K.I. Scryabin, PRONINA G.I. , FILATOVA A.V. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N.I. Vavilov, YAKHAYEV I.M. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K.I. Scryabin
Published: October 2020

Increasing requirements for systemic and predicted procreation predetermine the need for deeper and more comprehensive research in the field of cattle breeding. The task of evaluating the producers by their offsprings is to identify the bulls, the most valuable in breeding, capable of mating with specially selected females to give offspring of the desired quality. Studies have established the effect of the origin of daughters from specific bulls on fertility decline. Analysis of the insemination results of cows and heifers with sperm from bulls of the line VB Ideal indicates that the reproductive potential of these bulls is mediocre and requires further research on microsatellite loci of the genome based on the polymerase chain reaction method. The line of bulls V. Ideal 0933122 when using sperm on farms requires a more thorough study and genotyping of the microsatellite loci of the genome to identify infertility or a predisposition to mastitis. Thus, the identification of producer bulls whose daughter has a decreased percentage of fruitful insemination and an increased incidence of mastitis should be included in the set of measures when selecting parental pairs in order to obtain offsprings without loss in productive and functional qualities.
EARLY STAGES OF THE FORMATION OF TEACHING ABOUT AGRICULTURAL ORES (DEVOTED TO THE 150 ANNIVERSARY OF YA.V. SAMOILOV)
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, TORSHIN S.P. , NAUMOV V.D. , SMOLINA G.A.
Published: October 2020

The paper is a tribute to the famous mineralogist, one of the founders of biogeochemistry, a leading specialist in phosphorites to professor Yakov V. Samoilov. The authors show the development of the outstanding Russian scientist as a researcher and a teacheк and emphasize Ya.V. Samoilov’s contribution to development of mineralogy, fertilizers industry, agrochemistry and agriculture of our country. The paper is written in connection with 150th anniversary to Ya.V. Samoilov.
The role of islamic economy in reduction of social injustice and sustainable development goals
Authors: YURTSEVEN Muhammet , BAYRAM Kamola
Published: October 2020

“Sustainable Development” is a development model that can meet the needs of today's generations without sacrificing its ability to meet the needs of future generations, has taken its place in the world’s agenda towards the end of 20th century and with the International agreements signed in the 1990s became a worldwide implementation plan. Today, the most serious problems faced by people are the income injustice and increase of poverty. During the rapid change process that began in the 1980s, the problem of income distribution was no longer perceived as an ordinary economic problem, but as a political and social problem. Economic and social policies implemented since the 1950s have not been able to solve the problems and have made many problems more apparent. In short, in today's world, an unbalanced structure has emerged, where financial prosperity is increasing and social welfare is gradually diminishing.
Using a socioeconomic approach and environmental relations together, development strategies can be efficient in responding to today's needs, but can lead to serious harm in destroying the needs of future generations. Moreover, since there is no clear approach to the limits of economic growth, the dynamics of this growth are uncertain. Therefore, all humanity needs sustainable development strategies.
This study addresses three main problems (i) what are the answers to a more livable life expectancy that will meet the needs of everyone and every sector based on the understanding that the Islamic economy has a future-oriented understanding, (ii) what are the strategies for eliminating injustices in income distribution in terms of Islamic economy? (iii) what are the perspectives of Islamic economy that will be put forward in order to develop the concept of Sustainable Development?
In this study, considering the fact that the Islamic economy has an understanding of the future, it will address the inequalities in income distribution and the strategies that will be put forward for the formation of sustainable development understanding, which will meet the needs of everyone and all segments and will provide answers to a more livable life expectancy.
In order to approach the injustices in income distribution and sustainable development strategies from the perspective of Islamic economy, it is necessary to put forward political stability on this issue, to revise the ideas put forward to date, to present complementary proposals by identifying missing aspects of current developments and to identify the current threats and opportunities. This study will reveal the social vision of the Islamic economy by addressing all aspects of income injustice and sustainable survival strategies.