bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pola Luka pada Kasus Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas di Bagian Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik dan Medikolegal RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode Tahun 2017
Authors: Kepel Felicia R. , Kepel Felicia R. , Mallo Johannis F.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Traffic accident is one of the main cause of death in Indonesia. In 2013 across South East Asia, Indonesia was the first rank with 26,416 traffic accidents. Accidents that occur can cause injuries from the minor injuries, disability, and even death. Every case of a traffic accident has a different pattern of injury. This study was aimed to obtain the pattern of injuries due to traffic accident based on gender, age, victim’s role before the occurence of a traffic accident, injury type, and wound location. This was a descriptive retrospective study using data of postmortem report (visum et repertum) of the traffic accidents victims. The results showed that majority of the traffic accident victims were 26-35 years (21.05%). Males were more common than females (78.9% vs 21.1%). Most of victim roles was as motorcyclist (78.95%). The most common type of wounds among traffic accident victims was blister mainly located on the extremity, meanwhile in car passangers, the most common type of wound was bruise mainly located on the head. Conclusion: The majority of trafic accident victims were males aged 26-35 years. Most wounds were blister in the extremity followed by bruise on the head.Keywords: pattern of wounds, traffic accident casesAbstrak: Kecelakaan lalu lintas (KLL) merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian terbesar di Indonesia. Pada tahun 2013 dalam tingkatan Asia Tenggara, Indonesia menduduki peringkat pertama dengan 26.416 jumlah kejadian KLL. Kecelakaan yang terjadi dapat menyebabkan luka-luka dari luka ringan hingga terjadinya kecacatan pada korban bahkan yang paling fatal dapat menyebabkan kematian. Setiap kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas menyebabkan adanya ada suatu pola luka yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pola luka pada kasus KLL berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia, peran korban sebelum terjadi KLL, jenis luka, dan lokasi luka. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang diambil dari visum et repertum (VeR) korban kecelakaan lalu lintas. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan mayoritas korban KLL berusia 26-35 tahun (21,05%). Korban berjenis kelamin laki-laki lebih banyak daripada perempuan (78,9% vs 21,1%). Peran korban KLL terbanyak ialah pengemudi sepeda motor (78,95%). Pola luka terbanyak pada korban KLL baik penge-mudi sepeda motor, yang dibonceng, dan pejalan kaki ialah luka lecet terutama di ekstremitas, sedangkan pada penumpang mobil ialah luka memar terutama di kepala. Simpulan: Mayoritas KLL ialah laki-laki usia 26-35 tahun dengan pola luka terbanyak ialah luka lecet di ekstremitas diikuti oleh luka memar di kepala.Kata kunci: pola luka, kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas
TERAPI GIZI MEDIS PADA DIABETES MELITUS
Authors: Tumiwa Franky A. , Langi Yuanita A.
Published: July 2019

Asbtract: Medical nutrition therapy is a vital component in managing diabetes which aims to prevent the progression of chronic complications of diabetes by modification in nutrient intake and lifestyle. Medical nutrition therapy for people with diabetes should be individualized, with consideration given to the individual’s usual food, eating habits, metabolism, physical activity, and co-morbid conditions. Medical nutrition therapy in special conditions such as acute illness, hypoglycemia, old age, pregnancy, lactation, hypertension, nephropathy, and dyslipidemia should be managed carefully. Key words: Medical nutrition therapy, diabetes, individual, complication     Abstrak: Terapi gizi medis merupakan komponen penting dalam pilar penatalaksanaan diabetes yang bertujuan untuk mencegah dan memperlambat laju perkembangan komplikasi kronis dari diabetes dengan memodifikasi asupan gizi dan gaya hidup. Pada setiap penyandang diabetes, terapi gizi medis bersifat individual sebab harus mempertimbangkan kebiasaan makan setempat, metabolisme, aktivitas fisik, dan adanya komorbid. Terapi gizi medis pada penyandang diabetes dengan keadaan khusus, seperti  penyakit akut, hipoglikemia, perawatan medis, lanjut usia, kehamilan, laktasi, hipertensi, nefropati dan dislipidemia, amat penting dilaksanakan sebab menentukan keberhasilan terapi. Kata kunci: Terapi gizi medis, diabetes, individu, komplikasi
SINDROM KARDIORENAL
Authors: Paliliewu Novita , Lefrandt Reginald L.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Cardiorenal syndrome can be generally defined as a pathophysiological disorder of the heart and kidneys, whereby acute or chronic dysfunction of one organ may induce acute or chronic dysfunction of the other ones. In the end stage renal disease, the prevalences of left ventricular hypertrophy and coronary heart diseases are high enough. On the other hand, patients with moderate congestive heart failure show low glomerular filtration rates. There is no consistent and effective strategy for the management of cardiorenal patients. Most approaches are empirical and include: recognizing the cardiorenal syndrome and anticipating the development of worsening renal function and/or diuretic resistance, optimizing heart failure therapy, evaluating renal structure and function, and optimizing diuretic dosaging and renal specific therapy. Investigational therapies such as vasopressin antagonist and adenosine antagonist are still being developed. Keywords: cardiorenal syndrome, organ dysfunction, therapy.   ABSTRAK: Sindrom kardiorenal secara umum dapat didefinisikan sebagai keadaan gangguan patofisiologi jantung dan ginjal, dimana terjadi disfungsi akut atau kronis salah satu organ yang mengakibatkan disfungsi akut atau kronis organ lainnya. Pada penyakit ginjal tahap akhir prevalensi hipertrofi ventrikel kiri dan penyakit jantung koroner cukup tinggi. Demikian pula halnya dengan pasien-pasien gagal jantung sedang memiliki gangguan laju filtrasi glomerulus (LFG). Sampai saat ini belum terdapat strategi yang konsisten dan efektif  dalam penanganan pasien sindrom kardiorenal. Umumnya dilakukan pendekatan secara empirik yaitu: deteksi sindrom kardiorenal dan mengantisipasi timbulnya perburukan fungsi ginjal dan atau resistensi diuretik, optimalisasi pengobatan gagal jantung, mengevaluasi struktur dan fungsi ginjal, optimalisasi dosis diuretik serta terapi khusus untuk ginjal. Penggunaan antagonis vasopresin dan antagonis adenosin untuk sindrom kardiorenal masih sedang dalam tahap penelitian. Kata kunci: sindrom kardiorenal, disfungsi organ, pengobatan.
ANEMIA PADA GAGAL JANTUNG
Authors: Hendrata Cecilia , Lefrandt Reginald L.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Anemia, a frequently occuring comorbid in patients with heart failure, is increasingly recognized as an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality. The etiology of anemia associated with heart failure is not entirely understood. It is assumed as a multifactorial anemia, most likely caused by chronic kidney diseases and other chronic diseases. Besides that, iron deficiency due to lack of iron intake and absorption, and chronic blood loss due to anti-platelet agents play some important roles, too. Other factors related to risks of anemia in heart failure are old age, female gender, decrease of body mass index, usage of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-inhibitors) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and advanced heart failure.  Based on its documented impact on clinical outcomes, anemia has emerged as a possible target for treatment in patients with heart failure. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal threshold for initiation of treatment, target hemoglobin, optimum dosing regimen, choices of erythropoietic agents, roles of iron suplementation, and long-term safety of erythropoietic agents in anemic patients with heart failures. Key words: anemia, heart failure, management, therapy.     Abstrak: Anemia merupakan komorbid yang sering ditemukan pada penderita gagal jantung dan telah dikenal sebagai prediktor independen dari morbiditas dan mortalitas. Penyebab anemia yang menyertai gagal jantung tidak sepenuhnya diketahui, diduga sebagai anemia multifaktor yang umumnya diakibatkan oleh gagal ginjal kronis dan penyakit kronis lainnya. Selain itu defisiensi besi akibat kurangnya asupan maupun absorbsi besi, serta kehilangan darah kronik akibat konsumsi obat-obatan anti platelet turut berperan. Faktor lainnya yang berhubungan dengan resiko terjadinya anemia pada gagal jantung adalah: usia tua, jenis kelamin perempuan, adanya  penurunan indeks massa tubuh, penggunaan obat-obat angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-inhibitors) dan angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), serta gagal jantung tingkat lanjut. Berdasarkan dampaknya terhadap hasil klinis, anemia perlu dipikirkan sebagai target pengobatan pada penderita gagal jantung. Studi lanjut diperlukan untuk menentukan ambang optimal untuk memulai pengobatan anemia, hemoglobin target, regimen dosis yang optimum, pemilihan preparat eritropoietik, peran suplementasi besi, dan keamanan pemberian jangka panjang preparat eritropoietik pada penderita anemia dengan gagal jantung. Kata kunci: anemia, gagal jantung, penanganan, pengobatan.
KORELASI PANJANG RADIUS DENGAN TINGGI BADAN PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNSRAT ANGKATAN 2010
Authors: Simatupang Raja M. , Ticoalu Shane H. R. , Wongkar Djon
Published: July 2019

Abstract: There has been an increase in cases of post-mortem mutilated victims in recent years. Therefore, investigators have to use some methods to identify the mutilated victims. Measuring the length of a body when it is still intact is not difficult, but the challenge will arise when the body has undergone severe damage or is not intact anymore. This study aimed to determine the correlation of the length of the radius to height. This was a descriptive study. Samples were 140 students (males and females) of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi Manado. The results showed that by using the regression coefficient in males: height = 84 + 3.2 x average radial length, the regression coefficient 3.2 means that a male’s height increases 3.2 cm for each 1 cm increase of radial length. However, the regression coefficient for females: height = 56 + 4.1 x average radial length, the regression coefficient 4.1 means that height increases 4.1 cm for each 1 cm increase of radial length. Conclusion: Height can be determined by the avereage radial length by using the regression coefficients for males 4.1 and for females 3.2. Keywords: gender, radial length, height.   Abstrak: Terjadinya peningkatan kasus-kasus korban mutilasi pada akhir-akhir ini membuat penulis berpikir bahwa proses identifikasi sangat dibutuhkan oleh penyidik untuk mengungkap identitas korban mutilasi tersebut. mengukur panjang badan jenazah bila masih utuh bukanlah merupakan suatu pekerjaan yang sulit, namun kesulitan akan muncul bila jenazah mengalami kerusakan yang sangat hebat atau tidak lagi utuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai korelasi panjang radius dengan tinggi badan pada mahasiswa/i Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Sampel terdiri dari 140 mahasiswa/i. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pada laki-laki tinggi badan (TB) = 84 + 3,2 x panjang rata-rata radius. Nilai koefisien regresi 3,2 berarti tinggi badan pada laki-laki akan bertambah sebesar 3,2 cm bila panjang rata-rata tulang radius bertambah 1 cm. Pada perempuan TB= 56 + 4,1 x panjang rata-rata radius. Nilai koefisien regresi 4,1 berarti tinggi badan pada perempuan akan bertambah sebesar 4,1 cm bila panjang rata-rata tulang radius bertambah 1 cm. Simpulan: Tinggi badan dapat ditentukan dengan menggunakan panjang rata-rata radius dan koefisien regresi yaitu untuk laki-laki 4,1 dan untuk perempuan 3,2. Kata kunci: jenis kelamin, panjang radius, tinggi badan.
PERAN ESTROGEN PADA REMODELING TULANG
Authors: Sihombing Iknes , Wangko Sunny , Kalangi Sonny J.R.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Bone tissues experience continual regeneration of their extracellular components by overhauling the old components. This process is called bone remodeling, which involves several kinds of bone cells. The most important bone cells related to the bone remodeling are osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclats. The bone remodeling is influenced by estrogen. This hormone inhibits bone resorption, resulting in slowing down the osteoporosis process. This antiresorptive effect can be provided also by the estrogen action on osteoblasts, which indirectly influences osteoclast activities. Estrogen has been proved to slow down the decrease of bone mass and fracture risks in women with osteoporosis. Hormone replacement therapy, aimed at replacing estrogen deficiency, consists of phytoestrogen and progesteron; besides that, calcium and vitamine D are needed, too. Keywords: estrogen, bone remodeling, osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast.     Abstrak: Tulang merupakan jaringan yang terus menerus melakukan regenerasi komponen-komponen ekstrasel dengan cara menghancurkan komponen tulang yang sudah tua dan menggantikannya dengan yang baru. Proses ini disebut remodeling tulang, yang melibatkan kerja sel-sel tulang tertentu. Sel-sel dalam tulang yang terutama berhubungan dengan pembentukan dan resorpsi tulang ialah osteoblas, osteosit, dan osteoklas. Remodeling tulang dipengaruhi oleh hormon estrogen. Hormon ini menekan resorpsi tulang sehingga dapat menghambat proses kerapuhan tulang. Efek antiresorptif tersebut dapat pula dihasilkan melalui kerjanya pada osteoblas, yang secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi aktivitas osteoklas. Estrogen terbukti dapat mengurangi laju penurunan massa tulang dan risiko fraktur pada wanita dengan osteoporosis. Terapi sulih hormon yang digunakan untuk mengganti defisisensi estrogen ialah fitoestrogen, progesteron, selain itu juga kalsium dan vitamin D. Kata kunci: estrogen, remodeling tulang, osteoblas, osteosit, osteoklas.
TERAPI PALIATIF DALAM PROFESI KEDOKTERAN
Authors: Felenditi Dionisius
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Palliative treatment is the effort of physicians to ease the suffering of terminally ill patients. This is rather ignored because physicians give their priority to cure, prevent, promote, and rehabilitate patients based on the principle of beneficience. The palliative treatment should be paid attention to due to the sophistication of the medical profession. However, it is bypassed when faced with terminally ill  patients. This palliative treatment should be intergrated with the four priorities mentioned above, which are already stated in the Indonesian Medical Code of Ethics. Nowadays, modern medical technics have been applied in the management of patients, including terminally ill patients; therefore, it is not ethical to allow a terminally ill patient to undergo suffering to the end of his/her life. Keywords: palliative care, terminal patient, suffering.     Abstrak: Terapi paliatif merupakan upaya para dokter untuk mengurangi penderitaan pasien terminal. Tugas ini agak terabaikan karena para dokter lebih mengutamakan tugas kuratif, preventif, promotif, dan rehabilitasi berdasarkan the principle of beneficence. Terapi paliatif ini perlu mendapat perhatian karena sehebat apapun profesi kedokteran untuk mempertahankan kehidupan pasien, namun suatu saat akan berhenti bila menghadapi pasien terminal. Tugas terapi paliatif harus terintegrasi dengan keempat tugas di atas yang memang merupakan tugas utama dalam profesi kedokteran sebagaimana tercantum dalam Kode Etik Kedokteran Indonesia. Dewasa ini, tehnik kedokteran modern sekarang menyediakan banyak kemungkinan untuk meringankan penderitaan pasien terminal, sehingga tidak etis membiarkan pasien terminal dalam menjalani akhir hidupnya dengan sangat menderita. Kata kunci: terapi paliatif, pasien terminal, penderitaan.
INDIKASI BEDAH KATARAK DI POLIKLINIK MATA BLU RSUP PROF. Dr. R.D. KANDOU MANADO
Authors: Indra Charles , Sumual Harry J. G. , Rares Laya M.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cataracts are the leading cause of blindness and visual impairment throughout the world. Cataract surgical indications are classified into three groups: 1) visual acuity rehabilitation, 2) medical indications, and 3) cosmetic indications. This study aimed to obtain the indications for cataract surgery at the Ophthalmology Department of Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was a descriptive retrospective study. Data were collected from the medical records at the Ophthalmology Department of Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital. The results showed that there were 84 cataract patients who underwent cataract surgery from January to June 2012. Based on the indications of cataracts surgery, visual acuity rehabilitation were found in 81 cases (96.43%) and medical indications in 3 cases (3.57%). Conclusion: In these results, it was found that the most cases requiring cataract surgery were in the group: visual acuity rehabilitation. Cosmetic indication was not found in this study. Keywords: cataract, surgery, indication.    Abstrak: Berdasarkan WHO, katarak merupakan penyebab utama kebutaan dan gangguan penglihatan di dunia. Terdapat tiga kelompok indikasi bedah katarak, yaitu: 1) rehabilitasi ketajaman penglihatan, 2) indikasi medis, dan 3) indikasi kosmetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui indikasi yang mendorong dilakukannya bedah katarak di Poliklinik Mata BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data dari catatan medis di Poliklinik Mata BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat 84 kasus bedah katarak periode Januari-Juni 2012. Berdasarkan indikasi bedah katarak terdapat 81 kasus (96,43%) dengan indikasi rehabilitasi ketajaman penglihatan dan 3 kasus (3,57%) dengan indikasi medis. Simpulan: Indikasi bedah katarak yang paling sering ditemukan di Poliklinik Mata BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado ialah rehabilitasi ketajaman penglihatan. Indikasi kosmetik tidak ditemukan dalam penelitian ini. Kata kunci: katarak, indikasi, bedah.
HISTOFISIOLOGI RETINA
Authors: Wangko Sunny
Published: July 2019

Bola mata orang dewasa berdiameter sekitar 2,5 cm. Dari seluruh permukaan bola mata, hanya 1/6 bagian anterior yang tampak sedangkan 5/6 bagian posterior terletak dan terlindung di dalam ruang orbita. Secara histologik, dinding bola mata tersusun oleh 3 lapisan yaitu tunika fibrosa, tunika vaskulosa (uvea), dan tunika nervosa (retina). Retina merupakan tempat reseptor visual dengan tiga lapisan utama neuron retina yang dipisahkan oleh dua zona dimana terjadi sinaps, yaitu lapisan sinaps luar dan dalam. Ketiga lapisan ini (searah dengan input visualnya) ialah: lapisan sel fotoreseptor, lapisan sel bipolar, dan lapisan sel ganglion. Juga terdapat sel horisontal  dan sel amakrin; keduanya membentuk jalur lateral untuk mengatur sinyal yang  dihantarkan sepanjang jalur sel fotoreseptor ke sel bipolar dan ke sel ganglion.
PERUBAHAN OTOT RANGKA PADA OLAHRAGA
Authors: Kalangi Sonny J. R.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Sports can enhance physical fitness and defence mechanism of the body. In the cellular and tissue levels, sports can improve the shape, function, defence, and strength of skeleton muscles. Although muscle cells can not undergo mytosis anymore, the injured muscle fibers can still be replaced by new fibers. During this regeneration process, the growth of new fibers compete with the growth of connective tissue. If there is less oxygen supply regeneration of muscle tissues will be hindered meanwhile the connective tissue can grow unimpededly. The changes of skeletal muscles are influenced by the endurance of physical training. As long as the physical training does not exceed the adaptation limit of the body, sport injury does not occur. Due to the regular physical training, all systems of the body will be improved, as well as the strength and skeletal muscle sizes. Therefore, the muscles can protect the joints against sudden external trauma.Keywords: sport, regeneration, muscle hypertrophy, sport injuryAbstrak: Olahraga, terutama bila dilakukan secara teratur, dapat meningkatkan kesegaran jasmani serta daya tahan. Pada tingkat sel dan jaringan olahraga dapat memperbaiki bentuk, fungsi, ketahanan, dan kekuatan otot rangka. Otot rangka tergolong jaringan yang purna-kembang artinya sel-selnya tidak dapat membelah lagi untuk memperbanyak diri. Sekalipun serat ototnya tidak dapat membelah lagi otot yang rusak dapat diganti dengan serat baru sehingga pulih-asal seperti sediakala. Dalam proses regenerasi, pertumbuhan serat otot baru bersaing dengan pertumbuhan jaringan ikat. Jika pasokan oksigen terhambat, regenerasi jaringan otot akan terganggu sedangkan jaringan ikat akan lebih leluasa tumbuh. Perubahan yang terjadi pada otot rangka sesuai dengan beban latihan. Sepanjang latihan tidak melampaui batas kemampuan penyesuaian tubuh, umumnya tidak akan terjadi cedera otot. Dengan latihan yang teratur sistem dalam tubuh akan menjadi makin baik mutu kerja dan kekuatannya, dan ukuran serat otot bertambah besar (hipertrofi). Ketahanan dan kekuatan otot yang baik akan dapat melindungi sendi terhadap cedera yang disebabkan oleh beban tambahan yang mendadak dari luar.Kata kunci: olahraga, regenerasi, hipertrofi otot, cedera olahraga
POLA CEDERA TORAKS PADA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS YANG MENYEBABKAN KEMATIAN DI BAGIAN FORENSIK DAN MEDIKOLEGAL RSUP PROF. Dr. R.D. KANDOU PERIODE JANUARI 2013- JANUARI 2014
Authors: Labora Jessica R. , Kristanto Erwin G. , Siwu James F.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Traffic accident is the most frequent cause of death. Chest injury is the third rank in traumatic cases due to traffic accident. This study aimed to obtain chest injury pattern due to traffic accident that led to death in the Forensic and Medicolegal Departement at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from Januari 2013 to Januari 2014. This was a retrospective descriptive study. Data were collected from the medical record of traffic accident cases. The results showed that there were 85 cases of traffic accidents during the time period, however, only 23 cases had visum et repertum. There were 7 death cases due to chest injuries. Their ages ranged from 17 to >65 years, mostly at the age of 17-25 years.  Males were the most frequent (71.43%).  The most commonly found wounds were opened wounds and blisters (each was 28.58%), followed by bruises and fractures (each was 14.28%). Pattertns of left and right injuries of the chest did not differ much. Most victims were drivers (42.8%). Conclusion: Chest injuries that led to deaths were more frequent among drivers, males, and aged 17-25 years. Keywords: chest injury, traffic accident.   Abstrak: Kecelakaan lalu lintas (KLL) masih menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kematian dengan angka kejadian yang cukup tinggi. Cedera toraks menduduki peringkat ketiga terbanyak pada kasus trauma akibat kecelakaan lalu lintas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola cedera toraks pada kecelakaan lalu lintas yang menyebabkan kematian di Bagian Forensik dan Medikolegal RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari 2013-Januari 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif retrospektif. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medik seluruh kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas di tahun 2013-2014. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan dari 85 kasus korban KLL hanya 23 kasus yang dilakukan visum et repertum, dan terdapat 7 kasus yang meninggal dengan cedera toraks. Usia korban berkisar 17 sampai dengan >65 tahun, terbanyak pada usia 17-25 tahun serta jenis kelamin laki-laki (71,43%).  Pola luka yang tersering terjadi ialah luka terbuka dan luka lecet (masing-masing 28,58%), diikuti oleh luka memar, dan patah tulang (masing-masing 14,28%). Pola cedera pada toraks sebelah kiri dan kanan tidak banyak berbeda. Peran korban terutama sebagai pengemudi (42,8%). Simpulan: Korban KLL dengan cedera toraks yang menyebabkan kematian paling banyak terjadi pada pengemudi, jenis kelamin laki-laki, dan berusia 17-25 tahun. Kata kunci: cedera toraks, kecelakaan lalu lintas.
HUBUNGAN ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX DENGAN KEPARAHAN ULKUS PADA PENDERITA KAKI DIABETIK
Authors: Kristiani Amelia L. , Sumangkut Richard M. , Limpeleh Hilman P.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the relationship between ankle brachial index (ABI) and the severity of ulcer using Wagner classification among patients with diabetic foot in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted at the Department of Surgery and Department of Internal Medicine of Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado Hospital from January to June 2015. The results showed that there were 38 patients with diabetic foot ulcers. The highest proportion was the group of patients with Wagner grade 4 (10 patients - 26.3%), followed by grade 1 (9 patients - 23.7%), grade 2 and 3 (each of 8 patients - 21.05%), and grade 5 (3 patients - 7.9%). There were 22 patients (57.9%) with normal ABI values, followed by moderate ischemia in 8 patients (21.1%), mild ischemia in 7 patients (18.4%), and only 1 patient (2.6%) with severe vascular obstruction. The Spearman test showed a P value of 0.008 which meant that there was a significant correlation between ABI and the severity of ulcer. The lower the ABI value, the more severe the ulcer of diabetic foot cases Conclusion: ABI value had a significant relationship with the severity of ulcers of diabetic foot patients.Keywords: ABI, diabetic footAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) dengan derajat keparahan ulkus pada penderita dengan kaki diabetik yang dirawat di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Penelitian berupa studi observasional dengan desain potong lintang yang dilakukan di Bagian Bedah dan Bagian Penyakit Dalam RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado selama periode Januari sampai Juni 2015. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 38 penderita kaki diabetik dengan proporsi terbanyak yaitu penderita dengan ulkus Wagner grade 4 sebanyak 10 pasien (26,3%), diikuti grade 1 sebanyak 9 pasien (23,7%), grade 2 dan 3 masing-masing sebanyak 8 pasien (21,05%), dan terakhir ulkus Wagner grade 5 sebanyak 3 pasien (7,9%). Nilai ABI normal didapatkan paling banyak yaitu pada 22 pasien (57,9%), diikuti oleh obstruksi vaskular sedang sebanyak 8 pasien (21,1%) dan iskemi ringan sebanyak 7 pasien (18,4%), dan hanya 1 pasien (2,6%) dengan obstruksi vaskular berat. Hubungan ABI dan keparahan ulkus diuji dengan analisis koefisien koreksi Spearman dan mendapatkan nilai P = 0,008 yang menunjukkan makin rendah nilai ABI maka nilai keparahan ulkus semakin besar. Simpulan: Nilai ABI memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan keparahan ulkus penderita kaki diabetik.Kata kunci: ABI, kaki diabetik
LUPUS VULGARIS DENGAN LESI DISEMINATA
Authors: Jayadi Nana N. , Ernaningtyas Niken , Niode Nurdjannah J. , Wongkar Marthen C. P.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Lupus vulgaris (LV) is a chronic progressive form of paucibacillary cutaneous tuberculosis. Lesion is usually solitary in the form of nodes or erythematous plaques with an apple-jelly sign on diascopy. Disseminated LV is a rare form of cutanoeus tuberculosis with multiple lesions in several body areas. We reported a male of 40 years old with a suppurative wound on the left neck and reddish nodules on the face, neck, trunk, and limbs along with fever, night sweats, weight loss, and history of previous TB infections. There were multiple erythematous nodules and painful suppurating ulcers with enlargement of several lymph nodes. Apple-jelly sign appeared on diascopy. The FNAB showed specific granulamatous inflammation for TB with lymphocytes, epitheloid macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells. The histopathological finding showed tubercles surrounded by macrophages and lymphocytes. Anti-tuberculosis drugs category I were given for 6 months, ofloxacin, and open wound care compressed with NaCl 0.9%. In the third month of observation, there was significant improvement. Conclusion: This case was diagnosed as lupus vulgaris based on the history of lymphadenitis TB and scrofuloderma, lesions in several body area with positive diascopy test, the FNAB as well as the histopathologic result supporting the diagnosis of tuberculosis, and there was significant improvement after treatment with antiTB drugs.Keywords: lupus vulgaris, diseminata, tuberculosis, ofloksasinAbstrak: Lupus vulgaris (LV) merupakan tuberkulosis (TB) kutis pausibasiler kronis dan progresif. Lesi biasanya soliter, berupa nodus atau plak eritematosa dengan gambaran apple-jelly pada diaskopi. Lupus vulgaris diseminata merupakan bentuk TB kutis yang jarang ditemukan dengan lesi multipel pada beberapa area tubuh secara bersamaan. Kami melaporkan seorang laki-laki, 40 tahun, dengan luka bernanah pada leher kiri dan benjolan-benjolan kemerahan pada wajah, leher, badan, dan tungkai disertai demam, keringat malam, penurunan berat badan dan riwayat infeksi tuberkulosis sebelumnya. Pada pemeriksaan fisik tampak nodus eritematosa multipel disertai ulkus bernanah dan pembesaran beberapa kelenjar getah bening. Gambaran apple-jelly tampak pada diaskopi. Pemeriksaan FNAB menunjukkan gambaran radang granulomatik spesifik TB dengan adanya sel-sel radang limfosit, kelompok makrofag epiteloid, dan sel-sel datia Langhans. Pemeriksaan histopatologis memberikan gambaran tuberkel yang dikelilingi oleh makrofag dan limfosit. Terapi diberikan berupa OAT kategori I selama 6 bulan, ofloksasin, dan kompres terbuka dengan NaCL 0,9%. Pada bulan ketiga tampak perbaikan signifikan. Simpulan: Pada kasus ini, diagnosis lupus vulgaris ditegakkan berdasarkan adanya riwayat limfadenitis TB dan skrofuloderma, lesi di beberapa area tubuh sekaligus dengan pemeriksaan diaskopi positif, gambaran FNAB dan histopatologis menunjang diagnosis TB, dan pengobatan dengan OAT memberikan perbaikan bermakna.Kata kunci: lupus vulgaris, diseminata, OAT, ofloksasin
Diagnosis dan penanganan rehabilitasi medik pada anak dengan Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Susanto Bayu D. , Sengkey Lidwina S.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood disorders and can continue through adolescence and adulthood. The average age of onset is 7 years old. Symptoms in children is characteriterized by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, or a combination of these symptoms, which compromise basic daily functions such as learning to read and making friends. ADHD is a complex disorder of impairment of brain functions, associated with low rates of high-school graduation and completion of postsecondary education as well as poor peer relationships, even when it is appropriately managed, leading to high economic and social burdens. In many cases, it is accompanied by one or more serious psychiatric comorbidities. In practice, the diagnosis is often made in children who meet some but not all of the criteria recommended in DSM-IV. According to National Institute of Mental Health and professional organizations such as AACAP, the management of children with ADHD is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary and multimodal approach. The managerial team of children with ADHD involves medical rehabilitation specialists, physiatrists with occupational therapiests, psychologists, social workers, parents, teachers, care givers, and environment.Keywords: ADHD, inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, rehabilitation medicineAbstrak: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) adalah adanya pola menetap dari inatensi yang disertai hiperaktifitas dan impulsivitas, umumnya terjadi pada anak usia dini dan usia sekolah. Gejala dapat diketahui sebelum usia 7 tahun dan dapat menetap sampai masa remaja dan dewasa. ADHD dapat mengganggu fungsi dasar seorang anak, permasalahan dalam hal belajar, dan kesulitan membina hubungan dengan teman. ADHD merupakan gangguan yang kompleks dari fungsi otak yang menimbulkan masalah dalam pendidikan dan sosial serta membutuhkan biaya yang cukup besar. Pada banyak kasus disertai oleh 1 atau lebih masalah psikiatri yang serius. Kriteria diagnosis didasarkan pada Diagnostic and Statistic Manual IV (DSM-IV). Sampai saat ini belum ada satu jenis terapi yang dapat diakui untuk menyembuhkan anak dengan ADHD secara total. Berdasarkan National Institute of Mental Health serta organisasi profesi lainnya di dunia seperti AACAP penanganan anak dengan ADHD ialah dengan pendekatan komprehensif yang multidisiplin dan multimodal. Penanganan pada anak dengan ADHD melibatkan multidisipliner ilmu termasuk dokter spesialis kedokteran fisik dan rehabilitasi bersama tim termasuk psikolog, okupasi terapi, sosial medik, orang tua, guru, care giver dan lingkungan.Kata kunci: ADHD, inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, rehabilitation medicine
Evaluasi kepatuhan RSU GMIM Bethesda Tomohon dalam penempatan tenaga kesehatan sesuai Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2014
Authors: Tuladhani Endah , Kristanto Erwin G. , Pongoh Jantje
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Recruitment of health personnels is included in the purpose of UU Nomor 36 tahun 2014. This UU states that all health personnels should have the STR and SIP. Moreover, SPK graduated medical assistants are not longer accepted as professional workers. As one of the type C hospitals in Tomohon, the numbers and types of competence of health personnels at GMIM Bethesda Hospital have to meet the requirement set out in PERMENKES no 56 RI 2014, which is about the permission of hospital operation. This study was aimed to evaluate the compliance of GMIM Bethesda Hospital in recruitment of health personnels and medical assistants in their respective fields of health services, in accordance with its competence and authority based on UU Nomor 36 tahun 2014. This study used a qualitative method. Thorough interviews and document observation were performed to obtain information about the the management of GMIM Bethesda Hospital in placing their health personnels in accordance with the UU No 36 tahun 2014. The results showed that the recruitment of health personnels of GMIM Bethesda Hospital was in accordance with UU No 36 2014 except for clinical pathologists, dental specialists, and pharmacists that are still lacking, and also for the great numbers of SPK graduated personnels who were still working at the hospital. Conclusion: In general, health personnels of GMIM Bethesda hospital were in accordance with UU No 36 tahun 2014.Keywords: health personnels, recruitmentAbstrak: Penempatan tenaga kesehatan termasuk dalam salah satu tujuan dari UU Nomor 36 tahun 2014. RSU GMIM Bethesda sebagai salah satu rumah sakit di Kota Tomohon harus memenuhi persyaratan sebagaimana ditetapkan dalam Permenkes RI No 56 tahun 2014 terkait dengan izin operasional rumah sakit dan sebagai persyaratan rumah sakit yang telah terakreditasi tipe C. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kepatuhan RSU GMIM Bethesda dalam menempatkan tenaga kesehatan dan asisten tenaga kesehatan di masing-masing bidang pelayanan kesehatan sesuai kompetensi dan kewenangannya berdasarkan UU No 36 tahun 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi dokumen untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai manajemen rumah sakit Bethesda dalam menempatkan tenaga kesehatan sesuai ketentuan UU No 36 tahun 2014 yaitu setiap tenaga kesehatan harus memiliki STR dan SIP dan tidak adanya lagi asisten tenaga kesehatan lulusan SPK yang menjadi tenaga profesi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penempatan tenaga kesehatan di RSU GMIM Bethesda sudah sesuai dengan UU No 36 tahun 2014 kecuali tenaga dokter spesialis patologi klinik, dokter spesialis gigi, dan apoteker masih kurang, juga masih terdapat banyak tenaga lulusan SPK yang masih bekerja di rumah sakit ini. Simpulan: Penempatan tenaga kesehatan di RSU GMIM Bethesda telah sesuai dengan UU No 36 tahun 2014.Kata kunci: tenaga kesehatan, penempatan tenaga kesehatan
KECERNAAN LEMAK DAN SERAT KASAR PAKAN ANAK KUDA PACU (YEARLING) INDONESIA YANG DIBERI PAKAN PENGUAT LOKAL DAN IMPOR
Authors: Mamahit Kristian , Tulung Y.L.R. , Rahasia C.A. , Moningkey S.A.E.
Published: July 2019

CRUDE FIBER AND FAT DIGESTIBILITY OF INDONESIAN YEARLING LOCAL-RACING HORSE FED LOCAL AND IMPORTED CONCENTRATE. The objective of this study was to determine the ability of racing foals to digest feed both local and imported feed. This study was conducted at the Tonsewer Village, Tompaso District for 30 days consisting of preparation and data collection. The data were collected from type and amount of feed consumed by racing foals and the number of feces (head-1 day-1). The animals of 20 individuals at the ages of 13-24 months old were used in this study. The amount of 10 racing foals were fed local feed and the rests of 10 racing foals were fed imported feed. The variables measured were digestibility of crude fat and crude fiber, found as the difference between the feed substances consumed and those excreted in feces and divided by those consumed feed at 100%. The results showed that the average digestibility of crude fat for local feed was 66.16% and imported feed was 75.16%, respectively. The digestibility of local and imported raw fiber feed was 65.53% and 72.16%, respectively. Based on statistical analysis using the t-test showed that the digestibility of crude fiber and fat of imported feed was significantly different (P <0.05) compared to local feed. This might be due to higher content of the crude fat and crude fiber of imported feed than those of local feed.Keywords: Digestibility, fat, crude fiber Racing horses, local feed, imported feed.
Analisis Kinerja Karyawan Dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Kerja di PT Tunas Dwipa Matra Motor Honda Manado
Authors: Wahe Westepina Sanra , Sumayku Sontje M. , Tatimu Ventje Tatimu
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the performance of employees ini improving work performance and how an employee can achieve well. Factors that make a company grow, and progress is not only determined by capital and a strong business strategy, but also from the factors of employees or (HR) is great. Human resources (HR) is one of the most important factors that cannot even be separated from an organization, both institutions and companies. In essence, human resources in the form of humans are employed in an organization as a driver, thinker and planner to achieve organizational goals. The strategic role of PT Tunas Dwipa Honda Motor Matra Manado is as an organization or company influenced by ineffective employee performance, so that in a company HR is the main part in processing for achieving maximum results. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative research method that focuses on understanding social phenomena that occur in society. The samples taken are all existing permanent employees. And from the interview results obtained that performance shows good work performance, because of that the results achieved and desired by everyone in the work so that the company's goals can be said to successfully meet the target company.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Customer Retention Di PT. Erafone Mega Mall Manado
Authors: Lompoliuw Trecya S. M. , Pio Riane J. , Runtuwene Roy F.
Published: July 2019

The objective of this research was to Analyzing the variables of trust, commitment of communication and handling The complaint simultaneously and partially towards to customer retention of mobile products and most dominant variables of trust, commitment, communication and handling The complaint in influencing customer retention at PT Erafone Mega Mall. Where companies must be able to have strategies in attracting and retaining customers such as relationship marketing strategies that have 4 variables, namely : trust, commitment, communication and secure of complaints. When a company is able to carry out that strategy well, consumers will feel satisfied and comfortable with the sold products and services provided by the company to consumers and when it goes well, it is likely that consumers will buy again and can recommend products from the company. - This type of research is a type of descriptive research verification. The data collection technique in this study used questionnaire and literature. To examine the effect of customer retention on customer satisfaction by using multiple linear regression test analysis techniques. The tools used in the test instrument data are validity and reliability test, assumption test (normality test, multicellularity test and heteroscedasticity test). The results of this study indicate that the four independent variables have a significant and simultaneous effect on customer retention. While the most dominant influence on customer retention is customer trust in using PT ERAFONE Manado products.
Analisis Tingkat Kebangkrutan Pada Perusahaan Asuransi Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Sinaga Mikha Novalina , Pelleng Frendy A. O. , Mangindaan Joanne V.
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research study is to determine the result of prediction analysis of potential bankruptcy on eleven insurance companies sector which has been listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange year 2015 to 2018. Bankruptcy is a condition when a company experiences insufficient funds to run its business. Bankruptcy is uncertainty about the ability of a company to continue its operations if the financial condition held has decreased. In fact, not all companies experience financial management problems that often lead to bankruptcy. Based on the result and conclusions of the analysis using Altman Z-Score method that: in 2015-2018 there were several companies that were safe, namely: PT. Bina Dana Arta Insurance Tbk, PT. Harta Aman Pratama Insurance Tbk, PT. Jasa Tania Insurance Tbk, PT Indonesian reinsurance airline Tbk, PT. Panin Insurance Tbk, PT. Panin Financial Tbk, PT Victoria Insurance Tbk. Then there are companies that in 2015- 2017 are healthy but in 2018 in prone conditions, namely: PT. Bintang Insurance Tbk,and PT. Multi Artha Guna Insurance Tbk, but different from PT. Mitra Maparya Insurance Tbk which in 2015 was in vulnerable condition but in 2016-2018 is safe. And PT. Ramayana from 2015-2018 is in vulnerable condition.
İki Altın Çakal’da (Canis aureus Linnaeus, 1758) Bulunan Helmint Enfeksiyonları ve Zoonotik Önemi
Authors: EROL Ufuk , ÖZBAKIŞ-BECERİKLİSOY Gökben , DANYER Erdem , TEKYİĞİT Dilek , SARIMEHMETOĞLU Hıfsı Oğuz
Published: July 2019

Altın Çakal (Canis aureus Linnaeus, 1758), Türkiye’de bulunan, Dünya’da geniş
yayılıma sahip yabani karnivorlardan biridir. Yabani karnivorlar çeşitli zoonoz
helmintlerin çevreye, insanlara ve diğer hayvanlara bulaştırmaları bakımından
önemli bir kaynak oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, çakallarda bulunabilecek,
çevreye bulaşarak insan ve hayvan sağlığını tehdit edecek helmintlerin varlığı
aranmaktadır. Bu amaçla, Türkiye’nin Batı Karadeniz ve Güney Marmara bölgesinden
Veteriner Kontrol Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü’ne gönderilen iki çakal
incelenmiş, sindirim sistemlerinde; Alaria
sp., Joyeuxiella echinorhyncoides,
Mesocestoides sp., Uncinaria stenocephala, Rictularia cahirensis, Linguatula
serrata nimfleri saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmada tespit edilen Alaria sp. ve L. serrata nimfleri bildiğimiz kadarıyla Türkiye’de altın
çakallardan bildirilen ilk kayıttır.
Chromium: Rise and Shine in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients?
Authors: Filler Guido , McIntyre Christopher
Published: July 2019

Some trace elements are altered with chronic kidney disease. Selenium, zinc, and manganese tend to be wasted, and there is growing evidence that selenium deficiency is associated with mortality on dialysis. Other trace elements accumulate, such as chromium, cobalt, lead, molybdenum, and vanadium. The highest chromium levels are found in dialysis patients. The dialysis modality may further affect these levels, especially in hemodialysis patients, where even small contaminations in the dialysis feed water may lead to a concentration gradient that increases the concentration of certain trace elements. Chromium levels in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients have been understudied. A single cross-sectional study found substantially higher chromium levels in PD patients. In that study, the chromium concentration in the spent dialysate decreased substantially, suggesting that PD fluid could be a source of chromium. Chromium-lactate complexes may have been formed, which are easily absorbed. In our center, we observed a decrease in chromium level when using physiological PD fluids. This review discusses the potential mechanisms and raises the question of whether this accumulation of chromium is unlikely to be associated with a beneficial outcome.
Molecular basis for the plasticity of aromatic prenyltransferases in hapalindole biosynthesis
Authors: Awakawa Takayoshi , Abe Ikuro
Published: July 2019

Aromatic prenyltransferases (PTases) are enzymes that catalyze Friedel–Crafts reactions between aromatic compounds and isoprenoid diphosphates. In hapalindole biosynthesis, the aromatic PTases AmbP1 and AmbP3 exhibit surprisingly plastic selectivities. AmbP1 not only transfers the geranyl group on the C-3 of cis-indolylvinyl isonitrile, but also on the C-2, which is supressed in the presence of Mg2+ ions. AmbP3 transfers the dimethylallyl group on C-2 of hapalindole U in the reverse manner, but on C-2 of its C-10 stereoisomer in the normal manner. This review highlights the molecular bases of the AmbP1 and AmbP3 functions, elucidated through their X-ray crystal structures. The knowledge presented here will contribute to the understanding of aromatic PTase reactions and will enhance their uses as biocatalysts.
STATUS QUO AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS OF FACILITY MANAGEMENT: A BIBLIOMETRIC – QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Li Yongkui , Zhang Yan , Wei Jianjun , Han Yilong
Published: July 2019

Facility management (FM) has received extensive attention from practitioners and researchers. While FM is continuously maturing as a scientific discipline and relevant studies are constantly growing, there are no holistic reviews of current research. The information in previous studies is generally scattered, and existing literature reviews mostly focused on specific aspects of FM. It is necessary for researchers and practitioners to obtain a thorough view of the current status in the FM field and future development trends that have been summarized and discussed in depth. Using a bibliometricqualitative analysis, a total of 724 academic journal papers on FM, between 1995 and 2018, were reviewed. A number of the latest advancements and emergent trends were identified based on knowledge maps in FM, including changing circumstances, enhancing information technology, all-around facility manager, strategic performance management, sustainable FM and innovative FM practice. It is hoped that this review can help researchers understand the current body of FM knowledge. The future directions were also highlighted in this study to help researchers identify areas where research is most needed. This study could also help practitioners to address upcoming challenges in the FM field.