bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BAGAIMANA PENERAPAN NILAI-NILAI DASAR PANCASILA PASCA COVID-19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hona Maria Yulita Dwicecar
Published: October 2022

Wabah virus corona yang sedang melanda dunia saat ini menimbulkan kecemasan bagi masyarakat. Pemberitaan yang terus menerus, kabar yang simpang siur serta munculnya ribuan tulisan tentang corona di internet menambah kekhawatiran terhadap kebenaran kandungan informasi. Data yang valid dan informasi yang riil dibutuhkan agar menjadi sumber pengetahuan yang terpercaya. Disinilah peran lembaga informasi menjadi jembatan penghubung antara kebutuhan terhadap pengetahuan dengan sebaran informasi yang tidak terhitung lagi jumlahnya. Mempelajari Pancasila lebih dalam menjadikan kita sadar sebagai bangsa Indonesia yang memiliki jati diri dan harus diwujudkan dalam pergaulan hidup seharihari untuk menunjukkan identitas bangsa yang lebih bermartabat dan berbudaya tinggi. Untuk itulah diharapkan dapat menjelaskan Pentingnya Pancasila sebagaiIndeologi yang membangun kesejahterahkan bangsa. Oleh sebab itu kita warga negara indonesia jangan pernah lupa untuk megaplikasikan nilai-nilai pancasila dalam kehidupan sehari-hari,berbangsa dan bernegara dan digantikan dengan budaya luar yang makin marak masuk kedalam bangsa indonesia.Melupakann nilai-nilai Pancasila sebagai dasar negara dan ideologi negara, menunjukkan sikap negatif terhadap Pancasila dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, atau menampilkan sikap positif terhadap Pancasila dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Pengetahuan yang diperoleh dalam makalah ini juga dapat dijadikan 4bekal keterampilan menganalisis dan bersikap kritis terhadap sikap para penyelenggara negara yang menyimpang dari cita-cita dan tujuan Negara.
Mertic Flow and closed surface
Authors: Vit Bytynaev
Published: October 2022

Mertic Flow and closed surface
NARKOBA DAN PENCEGAHAN DI KALANGAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Mete Rosalia
Published: October 2022

pada umumnya, bahkan khususnya masyarakat Indonesia. Narkoba namanya sangat dikenal baik dikalangan masyarakat karena pengguna narkoba tersebut mengatakan bahwa benda tersebut merupakan benda yang dapat menolong mereka yang sedang mengalami masalah dalam kehidupannya, menurut mereka narkoba merupakan pahlawan dalam kehidupannya. Narkoba sudah meresahkan masyarakat kita di Indonesia karena efek dari benda ini bila dikonsumsi secara salah dan berlebihan oleh penggunanya maka akan berakibat fatal, bisa juga mengakibatkan kematian bagi para penggunanya. Dampak negatif selain kematian, narkoba akan merusak sistem saraf bagi para penggunanya sehingga tidak jarang para pecandu sering terganggu sistem sarafnya. Keywors: Healthy.
RAHMI DIA FITRI-UTS Menulis Karya Ilmiah-Model Discovery Learning dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia yang Kreatif dan Inovatif
Authors: FITRI RAHMI DIA
Published: October 2022

isi dengan paragraf 1
If The Face Fits: Predicting Future Promotions from Police Cadets’ Facial Traits
Authors: Adams Ian T. , Mourtgos Scott M. , Simon Christopher A. , Lovrich Nicholas P.
Published: October 2022

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between police cadets’ facial traits and their subsequent promotional success.Methods: Using archival police academy photographs, we use a two-phase experiment to evaluate the impact of facial traits on future promotional success. First, respondents (n=507) view randomly selected photographs of cadets (observations=15,669) and evaluate them for facial traits and perceived leadership ability. Second, respondents are presented with random dyads of differentially promoted recruits, and choose one based on the highest perceived leadership ability. We compare those leadership evaluations to the subsequent promotional success of the cadets featured in the photographs (observations=5739). We employ Bayesian multilevel modeling throughout both phases.Results: Facial traits are the primary driver of subject perceptions of leadership ability, and those perceptions successfully predict promotional success later in the cadets’ careers. When selecting for leadership potential based on police cadet photographs, respondents predict correct promotional choices at levels well above chance as measured by an AUC score of .70. Further, respondents’ evaluations successfully discriminate both between no promotion and lieutenant promotion, and sergeant versus lieutenant promotions.Conclusions: Promoting the most capable police officers is a critical feature of public service. Our findings cast a degree of doubt on the purportedly meritocratic foundations of police promotion and selection. Extra-legal information, such as facial features, predicts later promotional success.
Resume Ekonomi Mikro Syariah Teori Konsumsi
Authors: Rusli Rezky Kurniati
Published: October 2022

Dalam mendefinisikan konsumsi terdapat perbedaan di antara para pakar ekonomi namun konsumsi secara umum didefinisikan dengan penggunaan barang dan jasa untuk memenuhi kebutuhan manusia.
Fungsi dan Peranan Bank Syariah dan Lembaga Keuangan Non Bank
Authors: farida Puspa
Published: October 2022

menyatakan bahwa Bank adalah lembaga keuangan yang kegiatan utamanya adalah menghimpun dana dari masyarakat dan menyalurkannya kembali dana tersebut ke masyarakat serta memberikan jasa bank lainnya.Bank syari’ah adalah bank yang aktivitasnya meninggalkan masalah masalah riba.
FUNGSI DAN PERANAN BANK SYARIAH DAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN NON-BANK
Authors: Indi
Published: October 2022

Bank Syariah adalah lembaga keuangan yang usaha pokoknya memberi layanan pembiayaan kredit dan jasa dalam lau lintas pembayaran serta peredaran uang yang beroperasi disesuaikan dengan prinsip- prinsip syariah.Lembaga keuangan non bank adalah semua badan yang melakukan kegiatan di bidang keuangan, yang secara langsung atau tidak langsung menghimpun dana terutama dengan jalan mengeluarkan kertas berharga dan menyalurkan dalam masyarakat terutama guna membiayai investasi perusahaan untuk mendapatkan kemakmuran dan keadilan masyarakat.
The interdependence of data producers and data users: How researchers’ behaviors can support or hinder each other
Authors: Mikytuck Alyssa , Nusser Sarah , Korkmaz Gizem
Published: October 2022

Sharing and reusing data is widely viewed as advancing knowledge, but researchers often view it as a burdensome and time-consuming process. We sought to identify specific research practices that have the potential to decrease burden and increase benefits for researchers from any discipline while retaining the broad scholarly benefits, complementing investigations that have identified approaches and standards within specific fields. We conducted a literature search and engaged in qualitative interviews with 20 academic researchers who had diverse disciplinary backgrounds and experience sharing and/or reusing publicly accessible data. The connection points between data producers and data users throughout the data sharing and reuse cycle indicate that sharing and reusing data is an interdependent process, meaning producers and users depend on each other to achieve their respective goals successfully and efficiently. For example, data producers can simplify and ease the user’s work of finding data by posting on a visible repository or directly linking to their data in publications. Relatedly, data users who perceive the linked nature of reuse can simplify the producer’s ability to track impact of the data and facilitate the reward and credit the producer receives by citing the data products in publications. We highlight areas of interdependencies throughout the research process and provide recommendations for data producers and users to make their sharing and reuse practices, respectively, more efficient. We also recommend practices to reduce burden for producers, who bear the initial effort in preparing data properly for reuse. Because many of our participants did not consider the downstream success and impact of their data and the researchers who produce and use data, we call for increased awareness of the interconnections between producers and users as an important step to reduce burden and increase the effectiveness of data sharing and reuse.
People systematically overlook subtractive changes (2021): Replication and extension
Authors: Fillon Adrien Alejandro , Girandola Fabien , Bonnardel Nathalie , Souchet Lionel
Published: October 2022

People systematically overlook subtractive changes and favor additive ones when generating new ideas. In a preregistered experiment conducted via the Prolific platform among French adults (N = 477), we replicated Experiments 2, 3 and 4 in Adams and colleagues (2021)’s study. We replicated the overlooking of subtraction, as participants generated 1155 additive ideas and only 297 subtractive ideas. Cueing participants (“Remember that you can add things or take them away”) increased the percentage who generated at least one subtractive idea (overall OR = 2.52, improvement condition, ϕ = 0.18, make-it-worse condition, ϕ = 0.24).Results therefore provided empirical support for the overlooking of subtractive changes hypothesis. We also found that norms affected the generation of new ideas (descriptive OR = 7.49, injunctive OR = 6.86). Cues and injunctive (but not descriptive) norms were both related to the asymmetry.
Development and psycholinguistic properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese Affect Scale (EAPB)
Authors: Torres Elaine Nabeth Louzada , Silvestrin Mateus , felix attalya , Baradel Roberta Roque , Carthery-Goulart Maria Teresa , Lukasova Katerina , Junior Claudinei Eduardo Biazoli
Published: October 2022

This study presents the development of the Brazilian-Portuguese Affect Scale based on the development procedures of the PANAS (Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule). We applied psycholinguistic and validity procedures to reduce an affective Brazilian lexicon with 404 words. The reduction was based on familiarity, state/trait categorization and semantic evaluations. A final list of 139 affective words was used in a synonym grouping task in a country-wide Brazilian sample (n = 1000; 594 women, 396 men, 2 transgender and 8 who did not inform; average age 29.9 [SD = 8.26]). An exploratory factor analysis revealed 13 factors, leading to two versions of the Brazilian-Portuguese Affect Scale (EAPB; 26 items and 65 items). The instrument is ready for investigations of its psychometric properties.
Neuroeconomic Predictors of Smoking Cessation Outcomes: A Preliminary Study of Delay Discounting in Treatment-Seeking Adult Smokers
Authors: Amlung Michael , Owens Max Michael , Hargreaves Tegan , Gray Joshua , Murphy Cara , MacKillop James , Sweet Lawrence
Published: October 2022

Large proportions of smokers are unsuccessful in evidence-based smoking cessation treatment and identifying prognostic predictors may inform improvements in treatment. Steep discounting of delayed rewards (delay discounting) is a robust predictor of poor smoking cessation outcome, but the underlying neural predictors have not been investigated. Forty-one treatment-seeking adult smokers completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) delay discounting paradigm prior to initiating a 9-week smoking cessation treatment protocol. Behavioral performance significantly predicted treatment outcomes (verified 7-day abstinence, n = 18; relapse, n = 23). Participants in the relapse group exhibited smaller area under the curve (d = 1.10) and smaller AUC was correlated with fewer days to smoking relapse (r = .56, p<.001) Neural correlates of discounting included medial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, precuneus, and anterior insula, and interactions between choice type and relapse status were present for the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, precuneus, and the striatum. This initial investigation implicates differential neural activity in regions associated with frontal executive and default mode activity, as well as motivational circuits. Larger samples are needed to improve the resolution in identifying the neural underpinnings linking steep delay discounting to smoking cessation.
Mental Health and Interruption in Child-Caregiver Attachment: An Examination into Attachment Interruption
Authors: Riding John
Published: October 2022

This study is presented to examine the association between depressive and/or anxious feelings in adults who have reported an interruption in their attachment to their primary caregiver. The importance of attachment on psychological symptoms is well-documented, but for the purposes of this study, an interruption can be defined as having a sibling introduced in the first two years of their life, thus hypothesizing that the existence of anxious/depressive or insecure attachment traits may, in part, be caused by an abrupt and unexpected interruption in the attachment to their mother or mother-like caregiver. This study was completed by gathering subjective, qualitative, personal information anonymously from participants between the ages of 18-35 through a Qualtrics survey over 30 days. Analysis of the results suggest that the majority of children (particularly eldest children) with siblings born two years or less after their birth reported a higher percentage of childhood anxiety and depression than those that did not have siblings or siblings born more than two years apart from the participant’s birth. Additional results suggest that perceived childhood experience and overall caregiver attachment is greatly affected when/if siblings are born and in which order they are born.
Relevance of Playlet ‘Aawaz Ka Nilaam’
Authors: Rani Jyoti
Published: October 2022

The 'Aawaz Ka Nilaam' is a single echo of the capitalist economy. It depicts the event period after 1947. In this monologue, only two characters come on stage - journalist Diwakar and Seth Bajoria. The author has sought to reveal the real condition of opportunistic capitalists through Seth Bajorian, who can reach any level to prove selfishness. The same true, dutiful and honest journalists have to face punishment for having the right voice - even family and death. This is the reality of the present journalism and media world. The single is highly relevant in the present with the then times.

Abstract in Hindi Language:

‘आवाज़ का नीलाम’ एकांकी में पूँजीवादी अर्थव्यवस्था की अनुगूँज है। इसमें 1947 के बाद का घटना काल चित्रित है। इस एकांकी में मंच पर सिर्फ दो ही पात्र आते हैं - पत्रकार दिवाकर तथा सेठ बाजोरिया। ़एकांकीकार ने सेठ बाजोरियाँ के माध्यम सेे अवसरवादी पूॅजीपतियों की वास्तविक स्थिति को उद्घाटित करना चाहा है जो स्वार्थ सिद्ध करने के लिए किसी भी स्तर तक पहुंच सकते हैं। वही सच्चेे, कर्तव्यनिष्ट एवं ईमानदार पत्रकारों को सही-सच्ची आवाज़ के लिए  दण्ड भुगतना पड़ता है- यहाँ तक कि घर-परिवार एवं मृत्यु का भी सामना करना पड़ता है। यही वर्तमान पत्रकारिता एवं मीडिया जगत् की वास्तविकता है। एकांकी तत्कालीन समय के साथ वर्तमान में अत्यधिक प्रासंगिक है।

Keywords: पत्रकारिता, पूँजीवादी अर्थव्यवस्था,  अवसरवादिता, नाटकीयता, शीषर्क, भाषा।
Renal transplant sonrası iki yıllık izlemde gelişen üriner sistem enfeksiyonlarının değerlendirilmesi: Tek merkez deneyimi
Authors: SARI Tugba , DURSUN Belda , ÇERİ Mevlüt , TURGUT Hüseyin , ÖZBAN Murat
Published: October 2022

Introduction:After renal transplantation, urinary tract infection (UTI) is observed in 23-75% of cases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the incidence of UTIs after renal transplantation, the causative pathogens and the predisposing factors that increase the risk. Methodology: Patients who underwent renal transplantation in our hospital between 2016-2017 were included in the study. Results: Twenty-five patients who underwent kidney transplantation were included in the study. UTI was detected in 12 patients (48%). One patient had neurogenic bladder, three had nephrolithiasis and one had vesicoureteral reflux. 8 of the patients had at least two UTI attacks. In total 38 UTI attacks; There were 7 (18.4%) nitrite positivity. UTI was detected in 15 (39.5%) patients during the first 3 months after transplantation. While 7 (18.4%) of the urine cultures were gram positive and 27 (71.1%) were gram negative bacteria, 4 (10.5%) were found as contamination. Escherichia coli (34.2%) was the most common causative agent, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.1%), Enterococcus faecium (18.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.3%) and other gram negative (%). 10.5) uropathogens were found to be followed. When compared with basal and UTI GFR (glomerular filtration rate) levels, the GFR values detected during UTI were decreased significantly (p = 0.00). The most frequently preferred antibiotics in UTI treatment were ertapenem 42.1%, levofloxacin 10.5%, seftriaxon 10.5% and fosfomycin 10.5%. Discussion: Improperly treated UTI negatively affects the outcome of transplantation and increases mortality. Therefore, risk factors, antibiotic resistance and empirical treatments should be reviewed and treatment success should be increased.
How important are the groundbreaking cases in administrative law?
Authors: Green Andrew
Published: October 2022

The story of Canadian administrative law could be seen as a move toward deference driven by some fundamental decisions of the Supreme Court of Canada. Debates about this move centre on the proper role for reviewing courts as well as the politics lying behind administrative law decisions. Most recently, the 2019 Supreme Court decision in Vavilov raised concerns that it licenses judges to undertake more intrusive review. Key to this story is the assumption that these groundbreaking decisions of the Supreme Court influence how lower court judges decide challenges in the administrative law context. Prior empirical studies have found that the 2008 Supreme Court decision in Dunsmuir increased the use of the reasonableness standard of review as well as the rate at which judges affirm administrative decisions. However, it can be difficult to empirically account for the variety of contexts and decision makers involved. This article uses decisions of the Federal Court to examine whether Dunsmuir and Vavilov changed how judges decide. It finds that, while the use of reasonableness has dramatically increased, the rate at which judges affirm administrative decisions has not changed over time. The article discusses these results and what they imply about the influence of these groundbreaking Supreme Court decisions.
Abradable Coatings for Small Turboprop Engines: A Case Study of Nickel-Graphite Coating
Authors: Ziegelheim J. , Lombardi L. , Pala Z. , Cesanek Z. , Houdkova S. , Schubert J. , Jech D. , Celko L.
Published: October 2022

For the engines used in small turboprop aircrafts, the introduction of abradable coatings represents a feasible way to reach higher levels of overall engine efficiency, specifically by improving the fuel consumption and increasing the inter turbine temperature margin. Abradable coatings on seals also contribute to improved hot restarts capability of an engine and lead to substantial extension of service life of the rotating counter bodies. In our contribution, we concentrate on flame sprayed nickel graphite abradable coating that can be used in turboprop engines both for seals and clearance control. The focus is the impact of spraying parameters on the physical and function properties of the abradable coating.
HVOF Thermal Sprayed MCrAlY-Alumina Composite Coatings for High Temperature Applications
Authors: Bai Mingwen , Song Bo , Reddy Liam , Hussain Tanvir
Published: October 2022

A novel composite MCrAlY coating with a fine dispersion of sub-micron Al2O3 particles were sprayed by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying for high temperature oxidation protections. The presence of Al2O3 could reinforce the metallic MCrAlY coatings, in a similar way to ODS alloys (oxide dispersion strengthening). It could also enhance the oxidation resistance owing to the dispersion of Al2O3 on the surface as nucleation sites, which promotes the early formation of a coherent α-Al2O3 scale. This is essential for an effective protection against oxidation attack, especially for these applications at relatively lower temperatures (<900 °C) with slower growing Al2O3. In this study, a suspension route was employed to achieve a uniform dispersion of 0-10 wt.% Al2O3 particles with commercial MCrAlY powders. A liquid fueled HVOF spray gun (MetJet IV) was used to deposit the composite MCrAlY-Al2O3 coatings onto 304 stainless steels substrates. The composite coatings were examined thoroughly by field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Isothermal oxidation at 900 °C was carried out to study the effect of Al2O3 on the growth of oxide on the coatings surface. The composite coatings exhibited superior oxidation behavior against the conventional metallic coatings with the formation of nearly exclusively Al2O3 on the coatings surface and inhibited NiO growth.
In-Flight Analysis and Microstructural Evaluation of CoNiCrAlY Coatings Deposited by HVPS
Authors: Caliari F.R. , Miranda F.S. , Filho G.P. , Essiptchouk A. , Reis D.A.P.
Published: October 2022

The plasma torch design affects the particle-plasma interaction, in-flight properties and the coating microstructure. When spraying metallic powders, the in-flight oxidation as well as the particle velocity and temperature determine the mechanical, corrosion and oxidation properties, which have a major impact on the in-service degradation of bond coats. This study aims to determine the microstructural and mechanical properties of as-sprayed CoNiCrAlY coatings deposited on the Inconel 718 alloy. Depositions were made using a High Velocity Plasma Spray Process (HVPS), which is based on a special plasma torch design. In-flight particle characteristics were determined to elucidate the kinetic and thermal regime of HVPS process.
Influence of Spray Process Parameters on Microstructure and Properties of AlSi–Hexagonal Boron Nitride Abradable Seal Coating
Authors: Liu Tong , Yu Yueguang , Liu Jianming , Cheng Xuying , Zhang Deming , Yang Suyuan
Published: October 2022

Aluminum silicon hexagonal boron nitride abradable seal coatings were deposited using the atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) process under several processing conditions. In the present study, the effects of process parameters, such as spray power, feed rate, and spray distance, on the microstructure and properties of coatings have been investigated. The microstructure, hardness, bonding strength, chemical composition, and online monitoring of these coatings and flying particles process of the powers were characterized. The results showed that the temperature and speed of the flying particles increased with the increase of power, and the porosity and BN content of the coating were reduced, Therefore, the hardness and bonding strength were improved. Compared with the spraying power, the effect of the feed rate was opposite. With the increase of spraying distance, the influence of particle flight velocity was greater than that of temperature, which resulted in the porosity of the coating and the increase of BN content. The hardness and bonding strength of the coatings were consequently reduced.
Instrumented Strain-Gage Measurement for Coating Adhesion During Four-Point Bending
Authors: Landwehr Derek , Watts Jim , Crawmer Daryl , Aperavich Beth
Published: October 2022

ASTM C633 has been an industry standard for determining thermal spray coating adhesion and cohesion strengths for nearly 40 years. The test, however, has several drawbacks that can greatly affect the results. The epoxies used cannot withstand stresses greater than 15,000psi, producing data that may suggest coatings cannot function beyond the epoxy threshold under uniaxial tensile loading, resulting in data that can only be used for general quality control or acceptance testing. Previously published data shows coatings functioning beyond C633 limits, yet there is no standardized test to show true functional stress limitations. A four-point bend test method with an instrumented strain-gage has been used to show coating adhesion well beyond the yield point of the steel substrates and beyond the C633 limits for three materials and thermal spray processes: electric arc sprayed aluminum bronze, plasma sprayed alumina, and HVOF WC/Co/Cr. A strain-gage is applied to a prepared coating surface on a bend bar and loaded under tension or compression. The MTS universal load frame force data is used to calculate the stress at the coating/substrate interface by beam theory equations, allowing for stress and strain vs displacement curves to be generated and directly compared against C633 data for coating adhesion strengths. The resulting data can indicate microscopic coating behavior (cracking, de-bonding) as a result of the test sensitivity and can ultimately be used as design data for the practicing engineer.
New Insights Into the Formation Mechanism of Intertwining Interfaces in Cold Spray
Authors: Yin Shuo , Lupoi Rocco , Cizek Jan
Published: October 2022

Experimental investigation supported by numerical modeling was conducted to explore the formation mechanism of intertwining interface in cold spray. The result revealed that low particle impact velocity and the consequent low deposition efficiency were the essential reason for inducing intertwining interface. In addition, intertwining interface was found to generate at very beginning of coating deposition; further particle deposition posed negligible effect on the formation of intertwining interface. Based on the experimental and numerical analysis, for the first time, the formation mechanism of intertwining interface was concluded and proposed in this paper. Low deposition efficiency led to slow coating growing rate. Therefore, at the beginning of the coating deposition, a large number of rebound particles repetitively hit the very thin single-layer or double-layer coating, forming a shot-peening effect. Such effect resulted in periodic shear stress and plastic strain in the first-layer coating. Particles of the first-layer coating were elongated and fractured and mixed with the substrate material to form the intertwining structure.
Numerical Study Using Nano-Particles by Varying the Expansion Ratio and Height of Cold Spray Nozzle to Predict Deposition Efficiency
Authors: Singhal Chirag , Murtaza Qasim
Published: October 2022

The coatings of zinc and its alloys are broadly used to prevent the rusting of substrate surfaces such as steel. Cold gas dynamic spray (CGDS) is an innovative coating technique in which the deposition of solid powder particles depends upon the kinetic energy of the particles rather than thermal energy. Therefore, application of cold spray is to provide superior rust resistance by depositing more materials, formation of passivation layer, and cathodic protection. In this study, numerical investigations on zinc micro and nano size particles in CGDS were carried out. The height of the injector, the expansion ratio and the diameter of the inlet of the de-Laval nozzle was varied systematically by optimizing the stand-off distance using the two-dimensional axisymmetric models of CGDS, to study their effects on the velocity and the distribution of the particles. Prediction of the deposition efficiency was carried out using the various critical and erosion velocity models.
Characterization of Plasma Sprayed Zirconium Coatings on Uranium Alloy Using Neutron Diffraction
Authors: Hollis Kendall J. , Cummins Dustin R. , Vogel Sven C. , Brown Donald W. , Dombrowski David E.
Published: October 2022

Plasma sprayed zirconium (Zr) metal coatings onto uranium-molybdenum (U-Mo) alloy nuclear reactor fuel foils act as a diffusion barrier between the fuel and the aluminum fuel cladding. Neutron diffraction was performed to investigate the crystallographic phase composition, crystal orientations and lattice parameters of the plasma sprayed Zr and the U-Mo substrate. The neutron diffraction results show that the plasma sprayed Zr coating is crystalline, phase pure (alpha-Zr) and has preferred crystalline orientation likely due to directional solidification. Also, there is a slight (~0.01 Å for a direction and ~0.016 Å for c direction) increase in the plasma sprayed Zr lattice parameter indicating oxygen in the lattice and some residual thermo-mechanical strain. There is little or no modification of the underlying U-Mo following plasma spraying. In particular, there is no detectable allotropic transformation of the starting gamma-U (body-centered cubic) to alpha-U (orthorhombic). The unique neutron diffraction capabilities at LANL are well suited for nuclear fuel characterization offering distinct advantages over conventional X-ray diffraction and destructive metallography.
Porous Stainless-Steel Coatings Produced by HVOF and Chemical Leaching
Authors: Nascimento A. R. C. , Devaraj S. , Moreau C. , Savoie S. , Schulz R.
Published: October 2022

Chemical leaching is proposed as a method to control porosity in stainless steel HVOF coatings. The leaching behavior is evaluated as a function of the stainless steel 444 and the pore former (Fe3Al) volume fractions and particle size distributions. The resulting porous structures are evaluated by optical microscopy. It was observed that the melting degree of the stainless steel splats was an important factor to retain some mechanical integrity after leaching. A discussion is presented to point out possible routes for the improvement of chemical leaching as a methodology for pore control in thermal spray coatings.
The Effect of Electromechanical Treatment on Structure and Properties of Plasma Sprayed Fe–30Cr-0.6C Coating
Authors: Ivannikov A.Yu. , Kalita V. I. , Komlev D. I. , Radyuk A. A.
Published: October 2022

This study investigates structure and properties of the plasma sprayed coating from Fe–30Cr-0.6C steel that was then finished using electromechanical treatment (EMT). As a consequence of the coating thus formed, surface microhardness under a 200 gf load increased from 3.4 ± 0.4 GPa to 5.2 ± 0.4 GPa and number of pores in the coating structure reduced from 8.0 ± 1.5% to 2.0 ± 0.5%. The results of the microstructural studies showed fundamental changes of the plasma sprayed coating treated by the EMT with the formation of nanostructured crystalline phases. The obtained results revealed the high potential of the EMT for posttreatment of plasma sprayed coatings.
Variation of Vaporized Coating Material in Free Plasma Jet of Plasma Spray-Physical Vapor Deposition Process
Authors: Liu Mei-Jun , Zhang Meng , Zhang Qiang , Yang Guan-Jun , Li Cheng-Xin , Li Chang-Jiu , Zhang Qiang
Published: October 2022

In the Plasma Spray-Physical Vapor Deposition (PS-PVD) process, the vapor atom of feedstock material is one deposition unit of the columnar structure coating. It is reported that the gas phase may be transformed into cluster when the powder feeding rate increases from small to large or the sedimentation distance increases from a certain distance to another distance. In order to understanding the variation of vaporized coating material in free plasma jet, the gaseous material capacity of plasma jet must be fundamentally understood. In this work, the thermal characteristics of plasma were firstly measured by optical emission spectrometry (OES). The results show that the free plasma jet is in the local thermal equilibrium due to a typical electron number density from 2.1×1015 to 3.1×1015 cm-3. In this condition, the temperature of gaseous zirconia can be equal to the plasma temperature. A model was developed to obtain the vapor pressure of gaseous ZrO2 molecules as a two dimensional map of jet axis and radial position corresponding to different average plasma temperatures. The overall gaseous material capacity of free plasma jet was further established. At a position of plasma jet, clusters may form when the gaseous material exceeds local maximum gaseous material capacity.
Evaluation of Dynamic Wetting in the Flattening Behavior of Thermal Sprayed Particles
Authors: Fukumoto Masahiro , Maeda Natsuki
Published: October 2022

The main objective of this research is to evaluate the dynamic wetting of the substrate by thermally sprayed particles through direct observation on the freely fallen metallic droplets onto the substrate surface. Compared to normal static wetting, dynamic wetting can be characterized as the wetting phenomenon in which both material movement inside the splat and heat transfer from the splat into the substrate occur simultaneously. As the phenomenon is so complicated, there is a lack of an appropriate evaluation manner. In this study, the wetting behavior of freely fallen metallic droplets was systematically observed onto several kinds of substrate materials. Actually, concrete measurement values on the wetting angle of the droplets with an increasing of the substrate temperature were measured. It was found from the results that even the dynamic contact angle changed transitionally with an increase of the substrate temperature and corresponded well with the changing tendency in the disk splat fraction ratio of the thermally sprayed particle onto the substrate. From the result, it was confirmed that the flattening of thermal sprayed particles is essentially dominated by the dynamic wetting of the substrate by them.
Hydrophobicity of Suspension HVOF Sprayed Rare Earth Oxide Coatings
Authors: Bai Mingwen , Kazi Hafsah , Zhang Xiaoli , Liu Junpeng , Song Bo , Hussain Tanvir
Published: October 2022

A known family of rare-earth oxide (REO) ceramics have recently been found to exhibit intrinsic hydrophobicity, even after exposure to high temperatures and abrasive wear. In this study, thin CeO2 coatings were developed for hydrophobic applications using suspension high velocity oxy-fuel (SHVOF) thermal spray. It is an efficient method to produce large superhydrophobic surfaces with a unique hierarchically textured structure on a variety of substrates. The use of suspension also enables the process of fine-grained powders to form nanostructured coatings with significant improvement of mechanical and chemical properties for numerous applications. An aqueous suspension with a solid concentration of 30 wt.% sub-micron CeO2 particles (<200 nm) was used as suspension feedstock. The as-sprayed CeO2 coating on a stainless steel significantly improved the substrate’s surface hydrophobicity from a low contact angle of 57° to nearly 150°. The surface chemistry of SHVOF thermal sprayed CeO2 coatings was also investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was confirmed that the near-super-hydrophobicity was mainly attributed to its unique hierarchically structured surface.
Adhesion of Cold Sprayed Brass Coatings for Lead-Free Bearings
Authors: Theimer S. , Graunitz M. , Gärtner F. , Klassen T.
Published: October 2022

In state-of-the-art manufacturing of sliding bearings, brass components are soldered to respective parts, which is costly and energy-intensive. Furthermore, up to now most bearings still contain lead, which by EU regulations for new part has to be omitted due to associated health risks. Cold spraying can be employed as additive manufacturing technique and opens the perspective to deposit the requested bearings in desired leadfree layout where needed. Aside cohesion and tribological behaviour, sufficient adhesion of the coating is essential for applications. The present study aims to systematically elucidate the influence of surface roughness on adhesion. The surface roughness was adjusted by varying the grit blasting material, grit size, blast pressure, blast distance and substrate material with the aim to study influences by impact conditions, surface topography on particle deformation and bonding in cold spraying. The results show that the adhesion strength reaches a maximum for a certain roughness. The ideal surface roughness to ensure good adhesion of cold-sprayed coatings apparently depends on specific impact conditions related to the powder material strength but also on the substrate material strength and particle size distribution. By systematic tuning of blasting conditions, coating adhesion can be increased by about a factor of two, thus meeting the requirements for new lead-free bearings.
Pretreatment and Coatability of Additive Manufactured Components Made by Means of Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Tillmann W. , Hagen L. , Schaak C. , Zielke R. , Schaper M. , Aydinöz M. E.
Published: October 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM) has already been evolved into a promising manufacturing technique. In order to achieve the performance of conventionally manufactured components, additively manufactured components must meet at least the same mechanical and physical requirements. Due to the layer-wise building process, the properties of additively manufactured components differ from that of bulk materials. Within the scope of this study, selective laser melting (SLM) was employed to manufacture specimens which serve as substrates for a subsequent coating process. An Inconel 718 (IN718) alloy served as AM feedstock. Mechanical posttreatments were applied to the AM samples and rated with respect to the successive thermal spraying process. The produced AM samples were examined in their initial state as well as under post-treated conditions. In this report, the resulting surface roughness was analyzed. Different AM samples were coated by means of high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying and atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). The interface between the thermally sprayed coating and the AM substrate was metallographically investigated. Adhesion tests were conducted to scrutinize the bond strength of the coating to the AM substrate.
Effects of Natural Gas Composition Variation On HVOF Coating
Authors: Steinmetz Andrew D.
Published: October 2022

Natural gas represents the lowest cost, most widely available fuel gas for high velocity oxygen fueled (HVOF) thermal spray. Natural gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons and other gases that may fluctuate over time or from one location to another based on the source of the gas and the processing it has undergone before delivery to the end user. The present work seeks to determine the impact that changes in natural gas composition can have on the HVOF process in order to ensure that quality and consistency of the resulting coatings is not negatively impacted. Gas chromatograph data was collected daily from a natural gas supplier in Europe and the Wobbe Index was used to compare the energy content of each reading. Customized blends were used for laboratory spray trials to explore the potential impact that these changes might have on the HVOF process and the resulting coatings. Presently, there is some evidence of coating degradation due to shifts in natural gas composition when all other process parameters are held constant. These observations are the subject of ongoing development work.
Plasma Sprayed Raney Nickel Coatings for Hydrogen Production by Alkaline Water Electrolysis
Authors: Liu T. , Reißner R. , Schiller G. , Ansar A.
Published: October 2022

Plasma sprayed coatings of Raney nickel alloys developed as electrodes for hydrogen evolution electrodes in alkaline media, exhibit poor resistance to electrochemical erosion. The aim of this work is to develop an understanding of the correlation between plasma spray process parameters and coating quality and with that improve the electrochemical performance of the coatings. Air plasma spraying with TriplexPro gun was performed using NiAlMo powders. Plasma parameters were varied and particle inflight velocity and temperature was measured by Accuraspray. Coatings were developed for conditions in which particles in-flight temperatures were comparable but in-flight velocities differed. Electrochemical tests were performed for evaluating the effect of different velocities on electrode performance. Coating attained with particles having higher velocity exhibited better electrochemical performance and durability. The microstructure and elements map before and after the electrochemical test performed by SEM and EDX show that the coatings with higher velocity particles led to microstructure that enabled better activation of the electrodes and higher surface area for reactions.
The Role of Human Factors in the Future of Thermal Spray Processing
Authors: Crannell Graham , Adams Stephen , Su Jianyu , Patek Maxwell , Beling Peter A. , Bolcavage Ann , McIntyre Roy
Published: October 2022

Many thermal spray operations, such as gun assembly, grit blasting, masking, and inspection are still uniquely distinguished by their heavy reliance on manual labor. The resulting outcomes for yield and quality can therefore depend heavily on the operator’s skill and the influence of the surrounding environment. The emerging field of human factors research provides a scientific approach to understand the impact of physiological and cognitive aspects of operator interactions with equipment, parts, and processes, and can be effectively used to guide customized interventions and training to reduce output variation. Principles from human factors research can also be used to prepare thermal spray operators and specialists for interaction with an increasingly automated and digitized manufacturing environment.
Corrosion and Algal Behaviors of HVOF Sprayed Fe-based Amorphous Coatings for Marine Applications
Authors: Zhang Haijun , Gong Yongfeng , Zhang Botao , Chen Xiuyong , Fang Lijia , Jin Peipeng , Li Hua
Published: October 2022

In this study, Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline coatings with a composition of Fe53Cr19Zr7Mo2C18Si have been fabricated by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray. Postspray annealing treatment at 750°C was employed to enhance the amorphicity of the as-sprayed coatings. The microstructure, corrosion resistance and algal adhesion behaviors of the as-sprayed and annealed coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, laser confocal scanning microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electrochemical methods. Results show that the as-sprayed coatings exhibited excellent corrosion resistance and decreased algal adhesion, while the annealed coatings exhibited compromised anticorrosion performance but significantly reduced adhesion of algae.
Wear and Corrosion Behavior of Thermally Sprayed FeCrMnBC Coatings for Pump Parts
Authors: Oechsner Matthias , Siebers Marius , Andersohn Georg , Ellermeier Jörg , Bobzin Kirsten , Zhao Lidong , Öte Mehmet , Königstein Tim
Published: October 2022

Especially for industrial applications like pumps, mining or off shore industries, where high demands on the abrasive properties of the materials are required, thermal sprayed Fe-based coatings become increasingly important. Novel FeCrMnBC alloys, which have economic and ecological advantages compared to Ni-based or Co-based coatings, are in the focus of this work. In order to produce adequate coatings with a three-cathode plasma torch, different powder fractions (-45+20 μm, -25+10 μm) and varying chemical composition of FeCrMnBC coatings have been investigated and compared with respect to corrosion, abrasion, and erosion properties. In case of wear reduction, selected coatings were additionally subsequent plasma nitrided to study the effect of this treatment on coating morphology and microstructure. The corrosion and tribological behavior were investigated by means of current/density potential curve measurements and ball-on-disc experiments in view of wear morphologies. Erosion-corrosion behavior has been investigated in a pump test rig with 10 wt.-% solid content of corundum in artificial sea water. In general, samples with small powder fractions exhibit accelerated corrosion and decreased erosion behavior, based on their microstructural characteristics. Plasma nitrided coatings show a decrease in corrosion and erosion resistance, which is presumably due to partial formation of chromium carbide in the coatings. Based on the results, the advantages and disadvantages of FeCrMnBC coatings for the application as wear and corrosion protection of complex pump parts are discussed with respect to varied parameters.
Investigations and New Physical Behaviour of Special DC-Plasma Generator Mettech
“Axial III”
Authors: Zimmermann Stephan , Schein Jochen , Mauer Georg , Rauwald Karl-Heinz
Published: October 2022

The use of plasma generators for thermal surface coating has grown enormously in the field of thermal insulation and wear-resistant coatings, especially with regard to deposition of refractory oxide ceramic layers using powders such as aluminum oxide, alumina / titania, zirconia and chromium oxide. Nonetheless, innovative plasma sources are still being developed to provide more-efficient, tailor-made solutions due to their specific characteristics. A brief overview of the DC-plasma generator Mettech “Axial III” are shown, which generator are allowed to use the central injection (advantage for suspension applications). In this paper first diagnostic results characterized the physical behaviour and special plasma symmetry, which can be described by three partial plasma jets. Thereby computer tomography (CT), high speed camera investigations coupled with time-adjusted current-voltage measurements, particle parameter detections and first resulting coatings are presented and discussed. The complete paper concludes with an outlook for future diagnostic measurements and possible future applications for this DC-plasma torch.
Migración internacional de retorno e inserción laboral en México a inicios del siglo XXI
Authors: Bedoya Rangel Yuliet
Published: October 2022

En este artículo se describen y analizan las condiciones laborales de la población migrante retornada de Estados Unidos a México en el periodo 2000-2020. Se utilizan los principales indicadores laborales en cuatro regiones migratorias para conocer cómo han cambiado las condiciones de esta población en dicho periodo. El análisis se basa en la hipótesis de que la población migrante retornada es vulnerable laboralmente y que, al pasar los años, las condiciones siguen siendo difíciles para garantizar que estas personas se desarrollen y alcancen una estabilidad económica y social en su país de origen. La principal fuente de información para el análisis son los microdatos censales de 2000, 2010 y 2020 del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI).
KAJIAN MEDIA TANAM DAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK P DAN K TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)
Authors: Sopian Akhmad , Noor Rustam Baraq , Amiruddin Qohhar Nur Rohmat
Published: October 2022

Low soil fertility rates and not yet intensive crop cultivation have an impact on the declining trend on tomato production in the eastern multiplication. Low productivity of tomatoes due to low quality of seedlings and pest and disease attacks. Efforts to increase tomato production have been carried out, among others, by improving cultivation techniques, namely by improving the physical properties of the soil by adding organic materials and adding nutrients using inorganic fertilizers. The design of this study is; Complete randomized design with factorial analysis 2 x 4 and repetition as much as 3 times.  In the first factor, the media mixture consists of 2 levels, namely T0 = Soil, T1 = Mixture of soil, manure, and chaff (2:1:1). The second factor is the combination of fertilizer K and P consists of 4 stages, namely: P0 = without fertilizer, P1 = 5gram KCL and 15grams SP-36, P2 = 10 grams KCL and 15 grams SP-36; P3 = 15 grams KCL and 15 grams SP-36. The number of polybags in the study is 24 with a per polybag size of 30 x 40 cm. The results showed the addition of manure and chaff gave clear results to the growth and production of tomatoes. The application of KCl and SP-36 fertilizers affect the high growth of plants but does not affect the production of tomato plants. Recommendations for the use of organic materials and KCL fertilizers, SP-36 is applied separately