bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances on upper limb Rehabilitation Robot
Authors: Zhang Weixi , Zhu Xinrui , Du Heng , Zhang Yongde
Published: December 2024

Background:

With advances in medical technology and an aging population, the number
of patients with upper limb movement disorders has increased, who are facing difficulties in selfcare
and occupational integration. Traditional rehabilitation methods have limitations, such as unstable
results, long cycle times, and insufficient resources. Therefore, upper limb rehabilitation robotics
has emerged, combining robotics, medicine, and other fields to simulate upper limb movement for
targeted rehabilitation training in order to improve effectiveness, shorten the cycle, and reduce the
burden on therapists.

Objective:

This study aimed to introduce the classification, advantages and disadvantages, and development
trend in existing upper limb rehabilitation robots and provide a basis for other researchers
to understand the current status of their development and future trends.

Methods:

Various studies and patents on upper limb rehabilitation robots were reviewed, revealing
the structural characteristics, along with the advantages and disadvantages, of typical robotic arms
used for upper limb rehabilitation.

Results:

Through the analysis of various upper limb rehabilitation robots, the characteristics and
problems of upper limb rehabilitation robots were identified, and the development trend of upper
limb rehabilitation robots was prospected.

Conclusion:

Upper limb rehabilitation robots have many advantages, such as good adaptability,
personalized customization, safety and reliability, etc., but they also have some disadvantages, such
as difficult control, high manufacturing cost, and short service life. In the future, upper limb rehabilitation
robots will develop towards simpler structures, greater comfort, affordability, diverse functions,
better efficacy, and increased safety.
Determination of Efinaconazole in Plasma using Validated LC-MS/MS Technique
Authors: S. Govindarajan , I.V Asharani
Published: December 2024

Background:

Efinaconazole is a topical antifungal medication that is effective against fungal infections of the toenails. In addition, due to its application on the skin, min-imal systemic absorption takes place on the epidermic layer, which leads to the availability of lower-level concentration in the bloodstream. Although several reported methods in the literature describe the quantification of Efinaconazole using conventional techniques like HPTLC and HPLC, these methods lack the necessary sensitivity and selectivity to be direct-ly applied for quantification in biological samples.

Objective:

Current research work aimed to develop a rapid, specific, selective, and sensitive method using plasma as one of the biological samples for quantification of Efinaconazole (EZ) in the presence of Fluconazole (FZ) as an internal standard by tandem mass spectrome-try (LC-MS/MS).

Methods:

Chromatographic separation was achieved with a Thermo Hypersil Gold (100 mm x 2.1mm, 1.9 μm) UPLC column using a mobile phase composed of 20% formic acid-water (0.1%) and 80% methanol. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) was employed for sample prepa-ration. Efinaconazole and the internal standard were detected using the heated electrospray ionization (HESI) technique in parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) mode.

Results:

The developed method displayed a linearity range of 1 to 2000 pg/mL (0.001-2 ng/mL). Precision and accuracy for the lower limit of quantitation, low, mid, and high-quality control (QC) levels demonstrated a variance of less than 5% and an accuracy of 99 to 103%. Long-term stability was confirmed under various conditions, including storage in an auto-sampler, at room temperature, in a deep freezer, and after freeze-thaw cycles.

Conclusion:

The validated LC-MS/MS method has exceptional sensitivity, specificity, se-lectivity, rapid analysis, minimal requirement of sample quantity, wide dynamic range of concentration, robustness, and reproducibility, making it an indispensable tool, especially in fields of in vitro Permeation Testing (IVPT), in vitro Release Testing (IVRT), Pharmacoki-netic, Toxicology, Clinical studies, and in drug development program for the quantification of Efinaconazole

conclusion:

The validated LC-MS/MS method is having exceptional sensitivity, specificity, selectivity, rapid analysis, minimal requirement of sample quantity, wide dynamic range of concentration, robustness, and reproducibility, make it an indispensable tool especially in fields of In-Vitro Permeation Testing (IVPT), In Vitro Release Testing (IVRT), Pharmacokinetic, Toxicology, Clinical studies, and in drug development program for the quantification of Efinaconazole.
Current Advancements: Application of Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery and Development
Authors: Buragohain Parishmita , Prasad Shristi , Kimneiniang N. , Das Hrishikesh , Rajak Prakash , Pathak Hemanta
Published: December 2024

Background:

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of science and technology and an
indispensable part of many fields of research in today’s world. Especially in the area of pharmaceutical
research and drug development, AI has conferred numerous aids for many inventions as
well as discoveries. There have been a lot of advancements and progress in the way that AI is incorporated
into the pharmaceutical field, and with time, newer updates have come up which have
eased many areas of this field.

Objective:

This review aims to provide a basic understanding of and information related to the
role of AI in the pharmaceutical field, be it research, drug development, or even the process of dispensing
and compounding.

Methods:

The literature study was carried out extensively through various databases like Google
Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, etc. to support this review. The information which was collected
was analyzed and arranged accordingly.

Results and Discussions:

From the survey that was carried out, it was found that there are many
important roles of AI that have helped the pharmacists and researchers in multiple sectors of the
pharmaceutical field. Thus, AI can be considered as a valuable tool to speed up different processes
and results can be obtained fast.

Conclusion:

The application of AI in the pharmaceutical sector has guided formulators and researchers
in ways that were not possible earlier. Therefore, with the help of AI various manual
and complex processes can now be easily accomplished without the unnecessary expenditure of resources,
time, and money.
Design and Development of Nanoparticle-loaded In-situ Gel for Enhanced and Sustained Ophthalmic Delivery
Authors: D'Souza Anupriya , Pissurlenkar Raghuvir R.S.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Flurbiprofen, a non-selective COX inhibitor utilized for managing mild to moderate pain and inflammation, operates through reversible inhibition of both COX-1 and COX-2 pathways. However, as a BCS class II drug, it exhibits limited aqueous solubility, leading to suboptimal ocular bioavailability and a brief corneal contact.

Objective:

The goal of this study was to amplify the aqueous solubility of Flurbiprofen by formu-lating it into a nanosuspension, which was subsequently incorporated into an in-situ gelling sys-tem so as to extend the ocular residence time and to achieve sustained drug release.

Methods:

Nanosuspensions were crafted through the anti-solvent precipitation ultra-sonication method. The assessment included parameters, such as particle size, surface morphology, XRD, and FT-IR. The optimized nanosuspension was then incorporated into a pH-sensitive in-situ gel.

Results:

The developed formulation was stable and showed enhanced contact time, minimizing the frequency of administration. Morphological analysis unveiled spherical drug nanoparticles in the nanosuspension without any signs of aggregation, supported by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The ex vivo permeation studies showed a drug release of 83.48%, indicating good permeation and histopathology, and isotonicity indicated no ocular irritation and tissue damage.

Conclusion:

The design and development of Flurbiprofen nanosuspension were found to be liq-uid at the formulated pH and formed gel due to changes in bonds between polymers. In-situ ocu-lar gels minimize the risk of systemic absorption of the drug, as they are designed to stay local-ized on the ocular surface and within the eye. An optimum point can be reached in the shortest time with minimum efforts to achieve desirable rheological and in-vitro release properties for in-situ gelling systems.
Inulin: A Versatile Biopolymer for Pharmaceutical Application
Authors: Mishra Debashis , Swain Sushree Sambita , Routray Debaprasad , Badhei Lipanjali , Nandi Prafulla , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Samal Himansu Bhusan
Published: December 2024

For many years, inulin has been a versatile oligosaccharide that is mainly utilized in
food. When compared to other biodegradable polysaccharides, inulin's unique and flexible structure,
protective/stabilizing properties, along with organ-targeting abilities make it an ideal drug delivery
vehicle. Inulin has drawn a lot of attention as a promising multifunctional natural biopolymer
with a wide range of uses in drug delivery, prebiotics, and therapies. The three hydroxyl
groups on each fructose unit present in inulin enable chemical modifications like (Esterification,
Conjugation, crosslinking, Oxidation, or Reduction), allowing it to be tailored for drug delivery applications.
Thus, therapeutics and biomolecules can be released in a sustained and controlled manner,
increasing their bioavailability and cellular absorption at the targeted site. It clarifies the complex
interactions between the host and inulin, microbiota, and medicinal drugs, exposing a multidimensional
biopolymer with transformative potential. They are excellent carriers in healthcare and
biomedicine due to their flexible structure, biocompatibility, remarkable target ability, innate ability
to govern release behaviour, customizable degradation kinetics, and protective capacity. Drug
targeting is the process of delivering a medication to the desired site of action. One of the advantages
of drug targeting is that the medicinal molecule is released at a consistent and regulated rate,
preventing overdose. The potential of inulin as an encapsulating material was examined in terms
of its enzymatic degradability and drug-release characteristics. Inulin has a wide range of therapeutic
applications. These include use as a dietary fibre with extra health benefits, as a diagnostic and
analytical tool, and as a carrier in a drug delivery system. Inulin has been the subject of extensive
research as a drug delivery carrier for colon-specific drug administration. Inulin has a wide range
of applications in the pharmaceutical industry overall, and research on it is still ongoing, especially
concerning chemically modified inulin. Therefore, it's conceivable that this flexible oligosaccharide
will find even more uses.
An Enhanced Lightweight Secure Authentication and Privacy-Preserving Approach for VANETs
Authors: Sudhakar Rayapati Venkata , Haritha Pathi , B Vamshi Krishna , Kalyani Kapula , C Mithra , Palanisamy K C , Tayubi Iftikhar Aslam
Published: December 2024

Aims and Background:

Vehicular-Adhoc-Networks (VANETs) have gained a lot of attention
in the past ten years. Used extensively in intelligent transport systems (ITS), it facilitates the
sharing of traffic data between vehicles and their immediate surroundings, resulting in a more
pleasant driving experience. When it comes to VANET security, privacy and security are the two
biggest obstacles. To improve security in VANET, authentication and privacy-preserving methods
are required because any specific disclosure of vehicle specifics, including route data, might have
devastating consequences.

Objectives & Methodology:

In light of this need, this research introduces a novel framework for
VANETs called enhanced timed efficient stream loss-tolerant authentication (ETESLTA), which enables
a new kind of lightweight authentication while simultaneously protecting users' privacy. Initialisation,
registration, mutual authentication, broadcasting and verification, and vehicle revocation are all
parts of the suggested model. Furthermore, the ETESLTA method requires very little memory while
yet providing excellent broadcast authentication, just like TESLTA. In addition, the ETESLTA method
incorporates a cuckoo filter to record the real details of cars inside the RSU's detection range.

Results:

The suggested approach provides strong anonymity to achieve privacy and resists common
assaults, and it features lightweight mutual authentication between the parties. A wide scale of experiments
are conducted and the outcomes are evaluated in terms of numerous metrics to ensure the
ETESLTA technique performs well.

Conclusion:

The experimental results demonstrated that the ETESLTA method was superior to the
most current state-of-the-art approaches.
Marine Natural Products as Novel Treatments for Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Khare Ekta , Fatima Zeeshan , Tiwari O.P
Published: December 2024

Alzheimer's disease is distinguished by gradual changes in behavior because of the aggregation
of β-amyloid and τ protein that blocks the signal transduction pathway. It is one of the
major problems in the current scenario. It mainly occurs after the age of 60 and eventually leads to
memory loss. Nonetheless, medicinal plants have therapeutic potential to improve many diseases.
Medicinal drugs with their phytoconstituents may offer therapeutic potential for improving the preventive
treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Five synthetic drugs that have been approved by the FDA
include Tacrine, Rivastigmine, Donepezil, Galantamine, and Memantine for the symptomatic
treatment of Alzheimer's. In the search for effective anti-Alzheimer's drugs from a natural source,
we discovered marine resources as the origin of the therapeutic and nutritional compound. The
methodology involves conducting a comprehensive literature survey. The database search methodology
used in this review was the use of keywords, which can be found in the article pertaining to
Alzheimer’s disease. The significant articles focused on marine flora phytoconstituents, such as Acetylcholinesterase
or butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors, thus prompting a comprehensive review
based on pertinent information. The review included descriptions of various studies, revealing that
numerous compounds derived from marine sources have demonstrated promising efficacy in the
treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Many compounds that originated from marine sources showed
good efficacy in treating Alzheimer’s disease. Acetylcholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase inhibition
was the main pharmacological mechanism that was reported for most of the molecules, however,
few articles having alternative anti Alzheimer’s mechanisms have also been reported. This article
highlights marine compounds derived from marine sources like algae, fungi, and sponges, which
can combat Alzheimer's disease.
A Comparative Investigation of Kerf Width during CO2 and Fiber Laser Machining of SS 316L Material
Authors: Sargar Tukaram , Gautam Nitish Kumar , Jadhav Aniket , Gaikwad Mahendra U.
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

The unconventional thermal machining method of laser cutting is extensively
used. Using this method, any material, essentially, having intricate geometries is machined
accurately. The primary purpose of the current paper is to investigate how process factors affect
kerf width for CO2 and fiber laser machining of the SS 316L method. This work mainly focuses on
an experimental study of CO2 and fiber laser machining for SS 316L. Changing process variables,
including gas pressure, laser power, and cutting speed, the cut characteristics are assessed using the
measurement of kerf width. A bystronic laser machine is used for the experimentation.

Results:

The design of the experiment (DOE) technique is applied using the response surface methodology
and Box Behnken design. In this, three factors and two levels are chosen, resulting in 17
trial runs. ANOVA is used to perform mathematical computations. This paper also covers the research
on SS 316L laser machining and identifies the optimized parameter. The major finding of
this research is that changing the laser power affects the kerf width. The CO2 and fiber laser processing
results in optimum kerf width values of 0.5726 mm and 0.3950 mm, respectively.

Conclusion:

This study contributes to the understanding of laser machining of SS 316L and is a
valuable resource for potential patent applications related to laser cutting technologies and optimized
machining parameters.
Alternate Ramp Merging Strategy for Connected Vehicles Based on Roadside Unit Support
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Wang Xiaolan , Zhang Weiwei , Xu Jiejie , Yu Wangpengfei , Guo Wengfeng , Li Jingyi
Published: December 2024

Background:

Uncooperative driving behavior in merging areas significantly increases
traffic congestion and conflicts, resulting in reduced safety and comfort of vehicle travel. With the
advancement of technologies for intelligent connected environments, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I)
technologies have been implemented to enable real-time data exchange between vehicles and infrastructure.
This exchange allows vehicles to make driving strategies and motion plans based on roadside
information. Therefore, it becomes particularly important to develop effective merging strategies.
Various methods, both patented and non-patented, have been proposed to solve the merging
challenges, aiming to optimize data exchange and enhance the formulation of driving strategies.

Objective:

In this paper, a strategy is proposed using roadside information to guide vehicles alternately
merging, aiming at solving the safety and traffic efficiency problems in the ramp merging area,
which has two main objectives: guiding vehicles to merge smoothly and safely under high traffic
flow to reduce vehicle conflicts and calculating their recommended velocity through connected
information to minimize congestion.

Methods:

A roadside system was designed to guide vehicles to merge alternately. GPS information
from connected vehicles is utilized to achieve cooperative perception and localization. A time-tomerge
(TTM) algorithm was developed to optimize vehicle trajectories combined with the responsibility-
sensitive-safety (RSS) theory, which assigns merge sequence and recommended velocity to
each vehicle based on the actual traffic conditions.

Results:

Simulation results indicate that this merging strategy eliminates conflicts and suppresses
the formation of deceleration waves compared to the first-in-first-out (FIFO) strategy. Compared to
the natural merging of independently controlled vehicles, it results in a 33.71% increase in average
vehicle velocity and a 14.68% reduction in average travel time through the merge area.

Conclusion:

This strategy improves driving safety and efficiency by enabling vehicles to reach a
common understanding of the merging sequence, and the more congested the traffic, the more significant
improvement in merging efficiency.
The Severity of Disease and Hospital Length of Stay for the First and Second Admission of COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study from
Southeastern Iran
Authors: Gohari Milad Ahmadi , Mehrolhassani Mohammad Hossein , Rahmati Shoboo , Sharifpoor Elham , Mirzaei Hossein , Jahani Yunes
Published: December 2024

Background:

This study aimed to investigate the severity of disease and length of hospital
stay for COVID-19 patients admitted to a hospital in southeastern Iran.

Method:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kerman, Iran. Data were collected from patients
who visited Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman more than twice during the COVID-19 epidemic
from the end of February 2020 to March 21, 2021. We conducted two key analyses: 1. Mixed effect
logistic regression was used to check the relationship between the variables and COVID-19 severity.
2. Mixed effect linear regression was used to check the relationship between the variables and the
length of stay in the hospital.

Results:

The findings indicated that the most important risk factors for the severity of COVID-19
were heart diseases (OR=1.67,95%CI:1.20-2.30), increasing age (OR=2.23 for age>54, 95%CI:1.70-
2.90), male gender (OR=1.47,95%CI:1.10-1.96), respiratory diseases other than asthma, and frequency
of admission (OR=1.60,95%CI:1.20-2.15). All patients who underwent readmission experienced
a shorter duration of hospitalization during their subsequent admission
(OR=0.94,95%CI:0.91,0.96) and had a higher mortality rate (30% within 14 days, 26.6% between
14-90 days). Patients readmitted at intervals of 14-90 days and greater than 90 days exhibited lower
disease severity compared to those readmitted within the 0-14 day period.

Conclusion:

Examining readmissions, the severity of COVID-19, and the length of hospital stay in
affected patients are important factors for planning and allocating resources for COVID-19 management
and treatment. These factors can help policymakers develop effective clinical guidelines for
hospitalization or outpatient treatment of COVID-19 patients and contribute to reducing the burden
of disease in the community.
Exploring the Mediating Role of Attitudes in Enhancing Cultural Awareness Through Knowledge Among Students
Authors:   Guidance and Counseling, State University of Malang, Indonesia, Apgrianto Yohanes Yupilustanaji , Pali Marthen ,   Lecturer of Guidance and Counseling, State University of Malang, Indonesia, Handarini Dany M ,   Lecturer of Guidance and Counseling, State University of Malang, Indonesia, Muslihati Muslihati ,   Lecturer of Guidance and Counseling, State University of Malang, Indonesia, Jatiperwira Stefan Yudana ,   M.A. Student, University of Erfurt, Germany
Published: December 2024

A phenomenon exists among high school students who lack understanding of their cultural awareness and that of others, failing to appreciate ethnic and cultural differences. Consequently, these disparities often become subjects of ridicule or amusement due to each group's varied modes of speech, styles, and customs. To address this issue, cultural awareness is essential, making it pertinent to investigate the impact of knowledge on cultural awareness mediated by attitudes. This study employs a quantitative methodology described as explanatory research. The study used Simple Random sample methodology, whereas the analysis utilized Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The sample size was determined using the Raosoft sample size calculator with a 5% sampling error rate, resulting in a sample size of 213 students. The study's results indicated that information affects attitudes and cultural awareness, with attitudes potentially mediating the relationship between knowledge and cultural awareness. This study's conclusions pertain to Resource-Based Theory, suggesting that student behavior concerning cultural awareness can be influenced by cognitive expertise, namely in the areas of knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and assessment. An elevated degree of knowledge can enhance students' attitudes, as seen by behaviors reflecting tolerance, empathy, openness, and respect within the framework of multicultural education. The recommendations for Twelfth-grade high schools to enhance their educational effectiveness with an emphasis on character development.
The Influence of Perceived Quality, Value, Satisfaction, Trust, Commitment on Loyalty and Strategies to Increase Loyalty
Authors:   Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Indonesia, Yuliati Lilik Noor , Taryana Asep ,   Department of Management Business, Business School IPB University, Indonesia, Anggraini Zunika Dwi ,   Department of Management Business, Business School IPB University, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

The manufacturing sector, including the automotive industry, is vital to the Indonesian economy. The research was conducted at a company engaged in automotive components. In increasingly fierce competition, companies foster long-term relationships to win customers. This research aims to analyze the effect of relational marketing variables on loyalty using quantitative methods and then design strategies to increase customer loyalty using qualitative methods. The initial stage of the research is to identify the existing relationship marketing implementation, then analyze the influence using the PLS-SEM quantitative method involving 100 respondents, and then the analysis is used to formulate strategy priorities using the SWOT matrix qualitative method involving 3 respondents. The results showed that perceived quality has a significant effect on perceived value. Perceived quality has a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Perceived value has no significant effect on customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction has a significant effect on trust. Perceived value has a significant effect on commitment. Trust has a significant effect on loyalty. Commitment has no significant effect on loyalty. Then, the managerial implications carried out as a result of strategic prioritization are improving product quality to reduce customer complaints, creating wider market opportunities, and increasing customer loyalty.
Job Satisfaction as Mediator in the Effect of Perceived Organizational Support on Employee Engagement: Evidence from SMEs in Indonesia
Authors:   Program Pascasarjana Universitas Labuhanbatu, Indonesia, Siregar Zulkifli Musannip Efendi , Lubis Tukimin ,   Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al-Washliyah, Indonesia, Syamsuri Abd. Rasyid ,   Universitas Riau, Indonesia, Siregar Dede Iskandar ,   University of Leeds, United Kingdom, Supriadi Yudi Nur ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have become a cornerstone of Indonesia's economic growth, yet employee engagement remains a significant challenge that often hampers their performance. Enhancing employee engagement is crucial for driving business success and achieving optimal results. Employee work engagement is very important in enhancing a company's success. This research constructs the relationship model that shows how employee engagement, job satisfaction, and perceived organizational support relate to employees. The study was carried out at SMEs and employees as respondents. The research used a quantitative approach. Data was collected through online questionnaires, and the data was collected from 141 respondents. Sample selection was carried out using the snowball sampling method. The data that has been successfully collected were processed by using SEM Smart PLS. The results of this study show an influence between perceived organizational support and job satisfaction. Employee work engagement is positively influenced by job satisfaction, and perceived organizational support positively impacts employee work engagement. In addition, studies have demonstrated the critical role that job satisfaction plays as a mediating factor in the relationship between employees’ perceived organizational support and worker engagement. This research has implications for improving organizational support, such as appreciation, respecting employee ideas and opinions, and paying attention to employee job satisfaction to increase employee engagement.
Relationship of Perceived Overqualification and Turnover Intention: The Role of Job Satisfaction and Transformational Leadership
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Esa Unggul, Indonesia, Permatasari Araminta , Nugroho Sukmo Hadi ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Esa Unggul, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

Employees with perceived overqualification have a strong need for self-actualization and development, which, if not met, can lead to frustration and increase turnover intention. This study examines the complex relationship between perceived overqualification and employee turnover intention, with job satisfaction as a mediating factor and transformational leadership as a moderating variable. This research type is quantitative, using a questionnaire with a Likert scale. Data was taken from 160 employees of startup marketplace companies in the Special Region of Jakarta who are members of Generation Z. The data sample was selected using a purposive sampling approach. The data processing results using SEM-PLS indicate that perceived overqualification positively predicts turnover intention, with this relationship partially mediated by decreased job satisfaction. It is also known that transformational leadership can weaken the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention but strengthen the relationship between perceived overqualification and job satisfaction. These findings provide an empirical concept that in carrying out commitments to manage employees with perceived overqualification (especially Generation Z), companies need to focus on channeling excess qualifications by setting a platform and developing leadership.
How Board Member’s Education Diversities and Financial Expertise Matter to Sustainability Report Disclosure: An Insight from Upper-echelon Theory
Authors:   Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University, Indonesia, Fitriasari Rizka , Soewarno Noorlailie ,   Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

Companies are recently developing corporate governance practices in order to manage and monitor sustainability issues, especially the role of the board of directors in the context of sustainability reports. The board of directors must be geared with sufficient expertise so that they can run their roles and functions effectively. This study aims to discover the potential influence of board members’ education diversities and financial expertise on sustainability report disclosure from the perspectives of upper-echelon theory. This study examines 1276 board members of 220 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data was obtained from the firms’ sustainability reports and was analyzed using content analysis and multiple regression analysis. A checklist containing 91 CSR disclosure items based on the Global Reporting Initiative was utilized. Content analysis was used to extract the CSR disclosure items from the sustainability reports. Based on the regression analysis, only the board members’ financial expertise matters to the extent of disclosure of sustainability reports, while education diversities are not influential. This study is important because it uses upper echelons theory to ascertain the influence of specific board attributes, namely board members’ education diversities and financial expertise, on sustainability report disclosure. As a result, it provides important implications for corporate governance regulators and different stakeholders from the perspective of sustainability report disclosure.
The Influence of Obesity on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rates in Women of Reproductive Age in East Java
Authors: Qomariyah Durrotul , Hariyanti Tita , Yuliatun Laily
Published: December 2024

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder distinguished by irregular menstrual cycles, elevated androgen levels, and the presence of polycystic ovaries, impacting approximately 4-18% of women of reproductive age.  This condition can lead to infertility, with obesity exacerbating its manifestations by elevating testosterone levels and contributing to insulin resistance.  Various factors, including dietary habits and a sedentary lifestyle, play a significant role in the prevalence of obesity, particularly in Indonesia.  This research aims to explore the potential relationship between obesity, physical activity, and dietary habits concerning the prevalence of PCOS among women of reproductive age in East Java.  A quantitative research design has been employed, utilizing a cross-sectional approach.  The study comprises two distinct groups: one consisting of women diagnosed with PCOS and another comprising healthy women.  The sampling method used is purposive sampling.  The research instrument includes demographic questionnaires, Body Mass Index (BMI) calculations, dietary assessments, and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ).  Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 21.  The findings indicated that the obesity emerged as the most significant independent factor influencing the likelihood of PCOS occurrence (p=0.000).  The Exponent Beta (Exp. B) value, calculated at 31.62, reveals that women with obesity are at a 31-fold increased risk of developing PCOS compared to their non-obese counterparts.  In conclusion, there is a significant association between obesity, physical activity, and dietary habits and the occurrence of PCOS among women of childbearing age in East Java
Recursos digitales para la atención a la diversidad: Un estudio bibliométrico y de contenido
Authors: Marín Suelves Diana , De Oliveira Barbosa Mayara Lustosa , García Tort Enrique , Sánchez Cruz Melanie
Published: December 2024

La revolución tecnológica y la diversidad son dos de las señas de identidad de la sociedad actual. Este trabajo se centró en el análisis de la producción científica sobre materiales didácticos digitales y atención a la diversidad, que se llevó a cabo mediante la combinación de un análisis bibliométrico y un análisis de contenido. Siguiendo el método PRISMA se seleccionaron un total de 1092 artículos publicados en la última década y en acceso abierto para la cuantificación en base a indicadores de productividad, colaboración, difusión e impacto. Los 100 más citados fueron la muestra para el análisis de contenido del cual emergieron tres categorías. Los resultados muestran el incremento de los estudios en los últimos años, así como las revistas, países y autores de referencia, la existencia de un elevado grado de colaboración y la centralidad de la obra de Bronfenbrenner como modelo que sustenta la intervención. Además, se mantiene un modelo de atención a la diversidad centrado en el déficit, aunque aparecen algunos trabajos desde la inclusión y la innovación que permiten los recursos digitales, con especial mención a lo vivido en tiempos de pandemia. Por tanto, es necesario seguir dedicando esfuerzos al diseño, adaptación y evaluación de materiales didácticos digitales desde un enfoque inclusivo que favorezca la accesibilidad y la atención a la diversidad, así como a la formación inicial y continua del profesorado para hacerlo posible.
Comparative analysis of methods of hydrogen transportation by sea transport based on the criterion of specific loading capacity
Authors: Reutskii A. S. , Buyanov A. S. , Butsanets A. A.
Published: December 2024

The paper examines vessel designs and existing vessels for the transportation of hydrogen in its various aggregate states and chemically bound forms. The aim of the study is to determine the optimal method of transporting hydrogen by sea in terms of specific carrying capacity. The objective of the study was to establish the relationship between the size of the transported commercial batch of hydrogen (taking into account its form) and the technical and operational characteristics of the vessel for its transportation in relation to each of the possible methods of storing hydrogen on board. The approach used made it possible to determine the optimal options in terms of specific carrying capacity for the marine transportation of hydrogen on ships with a displacement of 25…80 thousand tons. It was determined that LPG gas carriers and chemical tankers for transporting ammonia and methanol, respectively, are optimal in terms of specific carrying capacity in the displacement range under consideration. Conceptual designs of vessels for transporting hydrogen in “pure” form (compressed or liquefied) have shown insignificant results. An intermediate position is occupied by the method of transporting hydrogen using liquid organic carriers.
Efficiency of intensification of heat removement of a closedcircuit marine power plant cooling systems
Authors: Fedorovsky K. Yu. , Grinenko N. K.
Published: December 2024

The paper considers a method for increasing the efficiency of closedloop cooling systems of ship power plants that exclude the consumption of seawater. It is noted that currently widespread openloop cooling systems that provide for the consumption of seawater are subject to clogging, especially in polluted waters, which can lead to a shutdown of the power plant. Attention is drawn to the fact that, especially when operating a vessel in areas of intensive fishing, significant damage is caused to fish resources, and plankton as the basis of the food chain is intensively destroyed. An intensification of heat removal processes is proposed, which allows reducing the weight and size indicators of closed systems, thereby ensuring their wider implementation in shipbuilding. The objective of the study is to determine the most effective methods of such intensification. Using a ship casing heat exchanger as an example, the possibility of using gasliquid jets for this purpose was studied. Visual and thermal engineering studies were carried out on models of casing devices. The worst conditions of their operation (heat transfer under free convection) were simulated, when the outside water is motionless relative to the vessel hull. Visual studies showed that the emerging air bubbles have transverse pulsations that destroy the wall boundary layer formed along the heat transfer surface, which impedes the heat removal process. Thermal engineering studies confirmed a significant (ten times or more) increase in heat transfer. Moreover, this effect increases as the temperature difference between the heattransfer surface and the outside water decreases. This is important when the vessel is in equatorial waters. This method of process intensification is compared with the case of creating (for example, by means of a pump) a local flow of intake water along the surface of such a heat exchanger. It was determined that the latter is inferior in efficiency to gasliquid jets. It is concluded that the use of this fairly simple method of intensifying heat removal of closed cooling systems will ensure their wider implementation in shipbuilding practice.
Research on Reform and Innovation of Training Mode of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Graduate Students under the Background of “Dual Carbon” Goals
Authors: Yuanxin Guo , Xiaolong Zhou , Zhe Kong , Hongzhu Quan , Qiuyi Li
Published: December 2024

As an important part of the overall layout of ecological civilization construction, carbon peaking and carbon neutrality provide strategic opportunities for low-carbon energy transformation and innovative development of higher education. Based on the training of civil and water conservancy professional postgraduate students, this paper builds an interdisciplinary teaching system centering on the concept of “dual carbon”, and explores the relationship between energy transformation and energy conservation and emission reduction, engineering technology and green development, practical cases and analysis and other course systems through the establishment of a composite innovative teaching team of civil and water conservancy and innovative personnel training mode. In order to achieve the “dual carbon” goals of the society, this paper puts forward the model of university-enterprise cooperation and the integration of science, production and education.
Optimization of Mulching and Plant Spacing on the Improvement of Productivity in Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety INPAGO 13
Authors: Qadri Waiz Al , Suryanto Agus , Sumarni Titin
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the combination of plant spacing and mulch application on upland rice (Oryza Sativa L.) variety INPAGO 13. The experiment was carried out using a Split Plot Design (RPT), with the main plots (PU) consisting of M0l (no mulch), M1 (straw mulch), and M2 (Black-Silver Mulch), while the subplots (AP) included T1 (plant spacing 20l cm x 20l cm), T2 (plant spacing 30l cm x 30l cm), and T3 (plant spacing 40l cm x 20l cm x 12.5 cm). The observed parameters included plant height, number of tillers per clump, number of leaves per clump, leaf area per clump, leaf area index (LAI), dry weight per clump, dry weight of rice grains per clump, dry weight of rice grains per m², rice yield per hectare, dry weight of 10l0l0l grains, albedo, soil temperature, and solar energy conversion efficiency. The results showed that both mulch application and plant spacing had a significant effect on growth and yield parameters. The application of black-silver mulch with a plant spacing of 40l cm x 20l cm x 12.5 cm generally improved plant growth. This study indicates that the combination of plant spacing and mulch application can enhance the yield of upland rice (Oryza Sativa L.) variety INPAGO 13.
ТЕНДЕНЦИИ КОРПУСИРОВАНИЯ И СБОРКИ ДИСКРЕТНЫХ СИЛОВЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ НА БАЗЕ ПОЛЕВЫХ МОП-ТРАНЗИСТОРОВ
Authors: Иванов В. , Суханов Д.
Published: December 2024

Силовые полупроводниковые устройства широко используются
в энергетике, машиностроении, аэрокосмической технике
и других отраслях. В статье рассмотрены различные виды силовых
полупроводниковых устройств. Приведена информация о корпусах
разных типов для силовых элементов на базе полевых МОП-транзисторов,
предлагаемых рядом производителей.
АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ И КАЛИБРОВКА МУЛЬТИПЛЕКСНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ДАТЧИКОВ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ДЕФЕКТОВ ФОРМЫ
Authors: Епифанцев К. , Куркова О.
Published: December 2024

В современных условиях импортозамещение приобретает особую
значимость, особенно в отношении быстроизнашивающихся запасных
частей (ЗИП) приборов. Оперативность замены этих компонентов
напрямую влияет на работоспособность установок. В статье
рассматривается возможность замещения контактного датчика
кругломера Roundtest RA-120P на бесконтактные датчики. Особое
внимание уделяется потенциальной автоматизации измерений,
которая становится возможной в результате этой замены.
Peran Struktur Tata Kelola Internal dalam Meningkatkan Efisiensi Modal Intelektual di Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Chaidir Mohammad , Kasih Ekawahyu
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the role of internal governance structures in enhancing intellectual capital efficiency in Islamic banking using the stakeholder theory approach. The method employed is a qualitative literature review by analyzing eight previous studies related to internal governance and intellectual capital. The results indicate that an effective internal governance structure, including the role of the Sharia Supervisory Board, accountability, transparency, and inclusive management, significantly enhances human capital, structural capital, and relational capital. Strong governance enables Islamic banking to improve competitiveness, operational efficiency, and sustainability. Additionally, investments in employee training, technology-driven Sharia innovations, and stakeholder relationship management are critical factors in optimizing intellectual capital. However, the limitations of this study include reliance on secondary data, a focus on specific regions, and a lack of quantitative analysis. This study contributes theoretically by emphasizing the importance of stakeholder-based governance in driving intellectual capital efficiency in Islamic banking.
Laparoscopic Hiatal hernia Repair: Preventing recurrence avoiding Esophageal erosion, ¿Mesh or no Mesh that is the question?
Authors:   Universidad Militar, Gómez Daniel ,   Bogota, Cabrera Luis Felipe ,   Universidad El Bosque, Villarreal Ricardo , Mendoza Andres , Pedraza Mauricio , Pulido Jean
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Paraesophageal hernias represents 5 to 10% of all hernias. The use of mesh in hiatal hernia repair has shown to lower recurrence rates. Frantzides et al. report a complication incidence such as esophageal erosion in up to 10.1% of patients. Sathasivam et al. report similar results using polypropylene and polytetrafluoroethylene. Currently covered polyester meshes with collagen are available offering an alternative option to reduce these complications. This manuscript describes a case series using laparoscopic giant hiatal hernia repair using this modified mesh. Recurrence rates are analysed to determine benefits vs risks using this surgical approach.

Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study from November 2013 to February 2017, twenty-four patients suffering from symptomatic grade III – IV giant hiatal hernias were taken to laparoscopic hernia repair using polyester collagen covered mesh (Parietex Composite HiatalR).

Results: From November 2013 through February 2017, a total of 24 patients were included in this series, 22 were programmed surgeries and two emergency surgery due to a gastric volvulus. All procedures were laparoscopic. Average surgery time was 92.6 minutes and average hospital stay was 26 hours. At 36 months postoperative, one patient suffered an esophageal mesh erosion (incidence of 4.1%) requiring a distal esophagectomy, proximal gastrectomy and gastric tube reconstruction.

Conclusion: The use of mesh in laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair should be routine in order to reduce the maximum hernia recurrence, however as evidenced in our study it has not been designed an ideal mesh for esophageal hiatus.

Key words: Paraesophageal hernias, mesh, laparoscopic, hiatus.
Development of an Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Curriculum Initiative for Undergraduate STEM Students
Authors: Sim Jenna , Jung Mary , Eikenaar Jannik Haruo , Chooniedass Rishma
Published: December 2024

Equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) gaps persist in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields, as demonstrated by the discrimination, stereotyping, and inequities that historically and persistently marginalized groups face. Recognition of this gap led a transdisciplinary team to develop foundational-level e-learning modules, titled Foundations for Inclusive and Respectful Engagement (FIRE) on EDI capacities to be delivered in STEM undergraduate classes at the University of British Columbia’s Okanagan campus. FIRE consists of online, asynchronous, self-study modules delivered through the learning management system, Canvas. Feedback from pilot testing the FIRE modules has demonstrated that STEM students find the modules to be relevant and beneficial. Throughout the development of FIRE, we learned the importance of aligning the course with our institution’s values, working in a transdisciplinary team, and revising iteratively. This documentation of the development and preliminary feasibility of the FIRE modules aims to assist other institutions or organizations who are in the process of developing their own EDI teaching and learning materials.
Sarunvalodai tipiskie fonētiskie līdzekļi: runas korpusa datu analīze
Authors: Auziņa Ilze , Rābante-Buša Guna
Published: December 2024

Sarunvaloda ir teritoriāli neierobežots nacionālās valodas paveids, ko saprot visa runātāju kopiena un ko parasti lieto neformālā saziņā dažādās ikdienas situācijās, galvenokārt mutvārdu formā. Sarunvalodas galvenās pazīmes ir spontāna mutvārdu forma un runas situācijas neformālums. Tai raksturīga arī specifiska teikumu un teksta uzbūve, ekspresivitāte, plašs stilizējošo līdzekļu spektrs, īpatnēja leksika, daudzveidīgs neverbālās saziņas līdzekļu izmantojums u. tml. Sarunvalodā notiek fonētiski pielāgojumi, kas saistīti ar runas tempu, ritmu (uzsvērto vārdu regularitāte, maiņa), runas nepārtrauktību, pauzēm un to ilgumu, artikulācijas precizitāti un skaņu pārmaiņām. Cenšoties ekonomēt valodas līdzekļus un atvieglot izrunu, runātāji reizēm pavirši izrunā kādu skaņu vai reducē to, un tas savukārt izraisa gan pozicionālas skaņu pār- maiņas vārdos, gan zilbju skaita samazināšanos.
Rakstā, izmantojot „LATE sarunu korpusa” (LATE-sarunas) datus, kas pierakstīti ortogrāfiskajā transkripcijā, analizētas sarunvalodai raksturīgās fonētiski fonoloģiskās pazīmes.
LATE-sarunas datu analīze ļauj definēt vairākas sarunvalodai tipiskās pazīmes: 1) svārstības patskaņu kvantitātē, 2) patskaņu vai līdzskaņu zudums, 3) kombinēta tipa fonētiskās pārmaiņas, kuru rezultātā veidojas saīsinātas darbības vārdu formas, notiek saliktu skaitļa vārdu saīsināšana, vērojama neprecīza, vienkāršota trīs un vairāk zilbju garu svešvārdu izruna, 4) runas intonācija un pauzes izteikumā.