bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gamma-Ray Emission from the Impulsive Phase of the 2017 September 6 X9.3 Flare
Authors: Lysenko Alexandra L. , Anfinogentov Sergey A. , Svinkin Dmitry S. , Frederiks Dmitry D. , Fleishman Gregory D.
Published: June 2019

We report hard X-ray and gamma-ray observations of the impulsive phase of the SOL2017-09-06T11:55 X9.3 solar flare. We focus on a high-energy part of the spectrum, >100 keV, and perform time resolved spectral analysis for a portion of the impulsive phase, recorded by the Konus-Wind experiment, that displayed prominent gamma-ray emission. Given a variety of possible emission components contributing to the gamma-ray emission, we employ a Bayesian inference to build the most probable fitting model. The analysis confidently revealed contributions from nuclear deexcitation lines, electron–positron annihilation line at 511 keV, and a neutron capture line at 2.223 MeV along with two components of the bremsstrahlung continuum. The revealed time evolution of the spectral components is particularly interesting. The low-energy bremsstrahlung continuum shows a soft–hard–soft pattern typical for impulsive flares, while the high-energy one shows a persistent hardening at the course of the flare. The neutron capture line emission shows an unusually short time delay relative to the nuclear deexcitation line component, which implies that the production of neutrons was significantly reduced soon after the event onset. This in turn may imply a prominent softening of the accelerated proton spectrum at the course of the flare, similar to the observed softening of the low-energy component of the accelerated electrons responsible for the low-energy bremsstrahlung continuum. We discuss possible physical scenarios, which might result in the obtained relationships between these gamma-ray components.
Turbulent Diffusion Derived from the Motions of SDO/AIA Coronal Bright Points
Authors: Skokić I. , Brajša R. , Sudar D. , Ruždjak D. , Saar S. H.
Published: June 2019

Diffusion of magnetic elements on the Sun has an important role in current solar dynamo models as a part of the mechanism for redistribution of the magnetic field and as an important part for maintaining the solar activity cycle. The main goal is to determine the character of solar magnetic diffusivity and a value of the diffusion coefficient by analyzing the motions of coronal bright points (CBPs) within the frame of the random walk model. We tracked positions of CBPs in Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly images for a period of 5 months and examined their displacement spectrum. We calculated spectral index and diffusion coefficient from the spectrum and investigated their variation with temporal and spatial scale. For the first time, variations of the spectral index with heliographic latitude and time were analyzed. Our results indicate subdiffusion with the spectral index γ = 0.70 ± 0.01 and the corresponding diffusion coefficient with a value decreasing from 400 to 100 km2 s−1 for temporal scales of 103–105 s and spatial scales of (1.5–7) × 103 km. Seemingly random variations around the mean value of spectral index were found, with peak-to-peak amplitudes <0.30 with time and <0.10 with latitude. The main conclusion is that CBP motions are consistent with a subdiffusion process.
An Older, More Quiescent Universe from Panchromatic SED Fitting of the 3D-HST Survey
Authors: Leja Joel , Johnson Benjamin D. , Conroy Charlie , Dokkum Pieter van , Speagle Joshua S. , Brammer Gabriel , Momcheva Ivelina , Skelton Rosalind , Whitaker Katherine E. , Franx Marijn , Nelson Erica J.
Published: June 2019

Galaxy observations are influenced by many physical parameters: stellar masses, star formation rates (SFRs), star formation histories (SFHs), metallicities, dust, black hole activity, and more. As a result, inferring accurate physical parameters requires high-dimensional models that capture or marginalize over this complexity. Here we reassess inferences of galaxy stellar masses and SFRs using the 14-parameter physical model Prospector-
α built in the Prospector Bayesian inference framework. We fit the photometry of 58,461 galaxies from the 3D-HST catalogs at 0.5 < z < 2.5. The resulting stellar masses are ∼0.1–0.3 dex larger than the fiducial masses while remaining consistent with dynamical constraints. This change is primarily due to the systematically older SFHs inferred with Prospector. The SFRs are ∼0.1–1+ dex lower than UV+IR SFRs, with the largest offsets caused by emission from “old” (t > 100 Myr) stars. These new inferences lower the observed cosmic SFR density by ∼0.2 dex and increase the observed stellar mass growth by ∼0.1 dex, finally bringing these two quantities into agreement and implying an older, more quiescent universe than found by previous studies at these redshifts. We corroborate these results by showing that the Prospector-
α SFHs are both more physically realistic and much better predictors of the evolution of the stellar mass function. Finally, we highlight examples of observational data that can break degeneracies in the current model; these observations can be incorporated into priors in future models to produce new and more accurate physical parameters.
ZTF18aalrxas: A Type IIb Supernova from a Very Extended Low-mass Progenitor
Authors: Fremling C. , Ko H. , Dugas A. , Ergon M. , Sollerman J. , Bagdasaryan A. , Barbarino C. , Belicki J. , Bellm E. , Blagorodnova N. , De K. , Dekany R. , Frederick S. , Gal-Yam A. , Goldstein D. A. , Golkhou V. Z. , Graham M. , Kasliwal M. , Kowalski M. , Kulkarni S. R. , Kupfer T. , Laher R. R. , Masci F. J. , Miller A. A. , Neill J. D. , Perley D. A. , Rebbapragada U. D. , Riddle R. , Rusholme B. , Schulze S. , Smith R. M. , Tartaglia L. , Yan Lin , Yao Y.
Published: June 2019

We investigate ZTF18aalrxas, a double-peaked Type IIb core-collapse supernova (SN) discovered during science validation of the Zwicky Transient Facility. ZTF18aalrxas was discovered while the optical emission was still rising toward the initial cooling peak (0.7 mag over 2 days). Our observations consist of multi-band (ultraviolet and optical) light curves (LCs), and optical spectra spanning from ≈0.7 to ≈180 days past the explosion. We use a Monte-Carlo based non-local thermodynamic equilibrium model that simultaneously reproduces both the 56Ni-powered bolometric LC and our nebular spectrum. This model is used to constrain the synthesized radioactive nickel mass (0.17 M
☉) and the total ejecta mass (1.7 M
☉) of the SN. The cooling emission is modeled using semi-analytical extended envelope models to constrain the progenitor radius (790–1050 R
⊙) at the time of explosion. Our nebular spectrum shows signs of interaction with a dense circumstellar medium (CSM), and this spectrum is modeled and analyzed to constrain the amount of ejected oxygen (0.3–0.5 M
☉) and the total hydrogen mass (≈0.15 M
☉) in the envelope of the progenitor. The oxygen mass of ZTF18aalrxas is consistent with a low (12–13 M
☉) zero-age main-sequence mass progenitor. The LCs and spectra of ZTF18aalrxas are not consistent with massive single-star SN Type IIb progenitor models. The presence of an extended hydrogen envelope of low mass, the presence of a dense CSM, the derived ejecta mass, and the late-time oxygen emission can all be explained in a binary model scenario.
The Globular Cluster Origin of the Milky Way Outer Bulge: Evidence from Sodium Bimodality
Authors: Lee Young-Wook , Kim Jenny J. , Johnson Christian I. , Chung Chul , Jang Sohee , Lim Dongwook , Kang Yijung
Published: June 2019

Recent investigations of the double red clump in the color–magnitude diagram of the Milky Way bulge cast serious doubts on the structure and formation origin of the outer bulge. Unlike previous interpretation based on an X-shaped bulge, stellar evolution models and CN-band observations have suggested that this feature is another manifestation of the multiple stellar population phenomenon observed in globular clusters (GCs). This new scenario requires a significant fraction of the outer bulge stars with chemical patterns uniquely observed in GCs. Here we show from homogeneous high-quality spectroscopic data that the red giant branch stars in the outer bulge (>5.°5 from the Galactic center) are clearly divided into two groups according to Na abundance in the [Na/Fe]−[Fe/H] plane. The Na-rich stars are also enhanced in Al, while the differences in O and Mg are not observed between the two Na groups. The population ratio and the Na and Al differences between the two groups are also comparable with those observed in metal-rich GCs. The only plausible explanation for these chemical patterns and characteristics appears to be that the outer bulge was mostly assembled from disrupted proto-GCs in the early history of the Milky Way.
Determining the ballistic characteristics of space penetrator
Authors: Stoykov Stoyko
Published: June 2019

To model the movement of an aviation penetrator, it is necessary to know the coefficient of the drag and the coefficient of the lift force. The article presents a method of calculating them using the geometric dimensions of the penetrator. The obtained values of the coefficients are compared with those obtained when blowing a penetrator in the aerodynamic tube. By the sustainability criterion is determines the degree of damping of the penetrator. The results of modeling the movement of the penetrator show, that the mathematical model of motion can be used to solve the task of targeting.
Applying potential-based panel method for steady flow analysis across a wing with finite span
Authors: Metodiev Konstantin
Published: June 2019

In the paper hereby, an incompressible irrotational steady flow across a submerged body with finite dimensions will be studied. For this purpose, it is necessary to solve Laplace’s differential equation about a potential function in order to obtain the conservative velocity vector field. A general solution to the problem utilizing the Green identity implies the double layer potential function at an arbitrary point not belonging to the boundary surface. The potential is expressed by source/sink and doublet singularities distributed over the body surface and a wake attached to the trailing edge. The wake ensures that the Kutta condition is fulfilled. The submerged body geometry is approximated further by quadrilateral panels in order to compute the surface integrals for each panel exactly. To form a linear non-homogenous algebraic system, it is essentially to compute each panel influence to a collocation point of interest. The obtained coefficient matrix is diagonally dominant. The system is solved iteratively by means of the Gauss-Seidel method. The goal is development of a non-proprietary source code in order to work out a solution to the stated problem. The developed source code is authentic. Auxiliary libraries have not been used. Validation case and numerical results are depicted and discussed in the paper.
Comparison of oblique shock wave angle in analytical and numerical solution
Authors: Marinov Assen
Published: June 2019

The drag of the subsonic aircraft is largely formed by the skin friction drag and lift-induced drag. At transonic flight occurs shock wave. Determination of shock wave angle is important part of design of every aircraft, which working in supersonic airflow regimes. Formation of shock waves cause formation the wave drag. The wave drag could account about 35% from total drag of aircraft. Shock wave angle is directly linked with the intensity of itself. This work compares shock wave angle calculations using analytical and numerical solving methods.
La démocratisation « post-conflit » en Afrique centrale : les causes d’un échec
Authors: Vircoulon Thierry
Published: June 2019

La rédaction de Constitutions démocratiques et l’organisation d’élections ne garantissent pas un changement politique scellant une réelle fin de conflit. En RDC ou en Centrafrique, les anciennes élites sont toujours au pouvoir, le fonctionnement institutionnel reste une apparence de démocratie. Les acteurs internationaux ont souvent des approches dogmatiques, qui ne s’attachent pas vraiment à la reconstruction de long terme des sociétés civiles. La démocratie ne se décrète pas de l’extérieur.
Guerre au Yémen : an V
Authors: Frison-Roche François
Published: June 2019

La guerre au Yémen est entrée dans sa cinquième année et s’est complexifiée. Affrontements tribaux et oppositions de puissances régionales s’y entremêlent. Le pays est morcelé et la situation humanitaire ne cesse de se détériorer. Les accords signés à Stockholm en décembre 2018 entre le gouvernement d’Abd Rabbo Mansour Hadi et les rebelles houthis peinent à produire des effets sur le terrain. Alors que le conflit s’enlise, les limites de l’action onusienne sont patentes.
L’emploi accompagné
Authors: Brouant Philippe
Published: June 2019

La réadaptation professionnelle constitue un droit pour le citoyen. Pourtant, elle continue à présenter de sérieuses difficultés pour les personnes en situation de handicap psychique à la recherche d’un travail. Philippe Brouant expose la supériorité du modèle consistant à insérer d’emblée et à soutenir en même temps sur l’activité du travail (place and train). Il l’associe au programme d’insertion et de soutien individualisé pour l’emploi accompagné ou IPS : Individual Placement and Support. En résulte l’objectif d’un rétablissement et d’une restauration du pouvoir d’agir et de décider.
Conserver son pouvoir d’agir au travail en milieu ordinaire, avec un handicap psychique
Authors: Chappe Rebecca , Dumont Rémy
Published: June 2019

Rébecca CHAPPE dirige un cabinet ACTIPH Conseil. Elle a conçu son intervention en association avec Rémy Dumont qu’elle a soutenu. Le titre de son article, « Conserver son pouvoir d’agir au travail en milieu ordinaire, avec un handicap psychique », dit l’essentiel de son propos. Par un accompagnement dans le travail en milieu ordinaire, elle parvient à maintenir l’emploi, en restaurant le pouvoir d’agir et la liberté de choix. Elle expose sa méthode : prise en compte de l’ensemble de la vie quotidienne et du plan d’action dans l’entreprise associant la personne intéressée, ses collègues et l’employeur. Le résultat se manifeste par un effet positif durable pour tous. En prolongement de son article, Rémy Dumont écrit un résumé de son exposé oral. Dans ce témoignage, il indique sa satisfaction, tant pour lui-même que pour l’ensemble de son service. Il a intitulé ce texte : « Conserver son pouvoir d’agir et conserver son emploi ».
Pour la citoyenneté et le pouvoir d’agir : le secteur
Authors: Catonné Jean-Philippe
Published: June 2019

L’article salue les possibles avancées qui pourront résulter de nos journées nationales de formation, organisées en 2018 sur la citoyenneté et le pouvoir d’agir. En cette même année 2018, il s’interroge sur les mouvements de lutte qui se sont développés dans un grand nombre de centres psychiatriques. Ils mettent en évidence l’inachèvement du secteur. Le texte qui suit milite pour son aboutissement.
¿Puede el bordado (des)tejer la etnografía?
Authors: Pérez-Bustos Tania
Published: June 2019

El artículo reflexiona sobre las etnografías orientadas a la comprensión de los oficios textiles y a la forma en que estas se ven afectadas por los haceres materiales de las prácticas que estudian. El texto da cuenta de las dimensiones íntimas, cotidianas y colectivas que enmarcan el quehacer textil y se concentra en tres prácticas constitutivas de estas labores: la costura como escritura, el deshilar y el destejer, y el remendar. Se señala que estas dimensiones y prácticas tienen el potencial de entretejer las etnografías permitiendo que éstas puedan imaginarse como prácticas terapéuticas de investigación y de acompañamiento, capaces de cuestionar las temporalidades y subjetividades de la investigación contemporánea.
Emociones y significados en la autobiografía: Reflexiones a partir de un caso wichí (Gran Chaco)
Authors: Franceschi Zelda Alice
Published: June 2019

Se proponen algunas reflexiones metodológicas sobre la autobiografía indígena y la antropología de las emociones a través de la presentación de un caso etnográfico. El relato autobiográfico crea un vínculo, a menudo muy fuerte, entre el antropólogo y su testigo, que lleva a ambos a prestar especial atención a los dispositivos emocionales que, de repente, se convierten en un instrumento de comprensión del aparato cultural. En este caso, se sugiere una lectura particular de algunas reglas culturales relacionadas con el parentesco y la vida social.
A Two-Tiered Segmentation Approach for Transaction Data Warehousing
Authors: Liu Xiufeng , Huo Huan , Iftikhar Nadeem , Nielsen Per Sieverts
Published: June 2019

Data warehousing populates data from different source systems into a central data warehouse (DW) through extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL). Massive transaction data are routinely recorded in a variety of applications such as retail commerce, bank systems, and website management. Transaction data record the timestamp and relevant reference data needed for a particular transaction record. It is a non-trivial task for a standard ETL to process transaction data with dependencies and high velocity. This chapter presents a two-tiered segmentation approach for transaction data warehousing. The approach uses a so-called two-staging ETL method to process detailed records from operational systems, followed by a dimensional data process to populate the data store with a star or snowflake schema. The proposed approach is an all-in-one solution capable of processing fast/slowly changing data and early/late-arriving data. This chapter evaluates the proposed method, and the results have validated the effectiveness of the proposed approach for processing transaction data.
Index Structures for Data Warehousing and Big Data Analytics
Authors: Köppen Veit , Schäler Martin , Broneske David
Published: June 2019

With the ongoing increasing amount of data, these data have to be processed to gain new insights. Data mining techniques and user-driven OLAP are used to identify patterns or rules. Typical OLAP queries require database operations such as selections on ranges or projections. Similarly, data mining techniques require efficient support of these operations. One particularly challenging, yet important property, that an efficient data access has to support is multi-dimensionality. New techniques have been developed taking advantage of novel hardware environments including SIMD or main-memory usage. This includes sequential data access methods such SIMD, BitWeaving, or Column Imprints. New data structures have been also developed, including Sorted Projections or Elf, to address the features of modern hardware and multi-dimensional data access. In the context of multidimensional data access, the influence of modern hardware, including main-memory data access and SIMD instructions lead to new data access techniques. This chapter gives an overview on existing techniques and open potentials.
Development of ETL Processes Using the Domain-Specific Modeling Approach
Authors: Petrović Marko , Turajlić Nina , Vučković Milica , Babarogić Sladjan , Aničić Nenad
Published: June 2019

ETL process development is the most complex and expensive phase of data warehouse development so research is focused on its conceptualization and automation. A new solution (model-driven ETL approach – M-ETL-A), based on domain-specific modeling, is proposed for the formal specification of ETL processes and their implementation. Several domain-specific languages (DSLs) are introduced, each defining concepts relevant for a specific aspect of an ETL process (primarily, languages for specifying the data flow and the control flow). A specific platform (ETL-PL) technologically supports the modeling (using the DSLs) and automated transformation of models into the executable code of a specific application framework. ETL-PL development environment comprises tools for ETL process modeling (tools for defining the abstract and concrete DSL syntax and for creating models in accordance with the DSLs). ETL-PL execution environment consists of services responsible for the automatic generation of executable code from models and execution of the generated code.
Multinational Enterprise Adaptation Dynamics, Mathematical Modelling, and Empirical Analysis
Authors: Wang Gzhi
Published: June 2019

Using an applied mathematics approach, this chapter embeds algorithmic measures into cultural theory in research on international business. The specialized area is concerned with adaptation of multinational enterprise (MNE) cross-borders in which how dynamic functions can strengthen the argument by producing robust models. The chapter contributes to the extant literature by offering a set of mechanisms that can be used by MNEs in adapting to a new or complex environment where culture can be diverse and policy choice is challenging. The mechanism by driving an adaptive approach, in particular, addresses a research issue that is persistent in cultural transition studies. The issue is distinguished from the standard economic model in that individual or rational actors have a fixed set of independent preferences (i.e., decision choice based on price, benefit, or rules of the game), uninfluenced by the behavior of others or the social settings within which they operate. The current study addresses the issue by demonstrating that a range of socio-cultural factors can influence behavior.
The Application of Proof and Simultaneous Equations in Valuation
Authors: Gould Graeme Paul
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate how the notion of “proof” can be used to resolve issues of valuation in finance and how the method of simultaneous equations can be applied to determine the value of shares in two firms that hold an investment of shares in one another at the same time. The reader will be introduced to the notion of proof by arbitrage as it is was first pioneered in modern finance by Modigliani and Miller and then its application in providing guidance to practitioners of valuation will be explored.
Using of Fuzzy SWARA and Fuzzy ARAS Methods to Solve Supplier Selection Problem
Authors: Ulutas Alptekin
Published: June 2019

As the performance of suppliers directly or indirectly affects the performance of the companies with which they engage, working with the most suitable supplier has become the key to success for companies. When solving the supplier selection problem, many different criteria involving qualitative and quantitative criteria are considered. Therefore, the supplier selection problem is considered an MCDM problem. These criteria can include uncertain and imprecise data. Additionally, the judgments of many managers are considered in supplier selection problems. Thus, in this chapter, a fuzzy group integrated model including Fuzzy SWARA (step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis) and Fuzzy ARAS (additive ratio assessment) is proposed to select the best supplier. This study contributes to the extant literature since these two methods were not used in the past to solve any problems together. The proposed model is applied to a Turkish textile company.
The PSK Method for Solving Fully Intuitionistic Fuzzy Assignment Problems With Some Software Tools
Authors: Kumar P. Senthil
Published: June 2019

The assignment problem (AP) is a particular case of a linear programming problem that deals with the allocation of various resources for various activities on a 1-to-1 basis. It does so in such a manner that the profit or sale involved in the process is maximum and cost or time is minimum. Generally, the profit/sale/cost/time is called the parameter of the AP and this is not a crisp number due to some uncontrollable factors. They can also involve uncertainty and hesitation. Therefore, to solve the AP under an intuitionistic fuzzy environment in this chapter, the author proposes the PSK (P. Senthil Kumar) method. Numerous theorems which are related to intuitionistic fuzzy assignment problem is proposed and is proved by PSK. By using the PSK method, the real-life related fully intuitionistic fuzzy assignment problems are solved. The proposed results are verified by both LINGO 17.0 and TORA software packages. In addition to verifying the efficiency and realism of the proposed method, the computer code based on LINGO 17.0 is presented. Results, discussion, comparative study, and the advantages of the PSK method are given. The chapter ends with the conclusion and future studies.
The Probability of Default and Its Design of Experiment
Authors: Amir Ahmad dar  , Anuradha N.
Published: June 2019

The Merton Model is the critical model for financial economics to measure the default of a firm. It was the first structural model because it uses the market value of the firm for estimating the default of the firm. The firm will be in default only when the values of the firm goes down to a threshold value (the debt of the firm), and if it occurs, the owner will put the firm to the debt holders. The effects of parameters-asset value V, firms debt D, interest rate r, the volatility σ, and period T on the probability of default was investigated. To estimate the probability of default of a firm, the Black Scholes Model for European call options is used. The aim is to determine which parameter effects more or less on the probability of default. The experiment is based on the orthogonal array L27 in which the five factors (parameters) are varied at three levels. The Taguchi L27 orthogonal method, ANOM, and ANOVA are used to examine the effect of these parameters on the probability of default. It also provides the best combination where the probability of default is minimum.
Grounding Institutions of Higher Learning as Learning Organizations for Developing Intellectual-Knowledge Society
Authors: Tshishonga Ndwakhulu Stephen
Published: June 2019

This chapter explores the complex and dynamic environment in which institutions of higher learning (HEIs) have to operate and the imperative for them to transform themselves into learning organizations. This chapter is underpinned by the concept of learning organizations as its theoretical exposition to gauge the capacity of universities to learn and transform themselves. The chapter argues that institutions of higher learning are strategically poisoned to transform themselves as learning organizations. Thus, learning organization-based HEIs could be advanced by transmitting knowledge through teaching and learning, knowledge production through research and managing, and disseminating knowledge through community engagement or service learning. These responsibilities form part of the integral and core business of the HEIs, especially of the universities.
The Formation of Human Capital and Its Relationship With the Knowledge Society in Mexico
Authors: Flores María del Rocío Soto , Zuñiga Ingrid Yadibel Cuevas , Román Susana Asela Garduño
Published: June 2019

The processes of economic globalization and accelerating technological change have led to changes in economic and social life at a global level. New technologies, such as the TICs, systems of artificial intelligence, scanning, connectivity, nanotechnology, and biotechnology, among others, have transformed the national productive structures and human capital that require technologies disruptive today. In this context, education has become the main element of the knowledge society and training of human capital that demands a knowledge-based economy. The objective of the chapter is to analyze the relationship between human capital formations in the construction of a society of knowledge in Mexico. The structure is organized in three sections: 1) an analysis of the knowledge society, 2) the formation of human capital and the institutions of higher education in the knowledge society, and 3) human capital formation and its relationship in the construction of a society of knowledge in Mexico.
Ecological University for Transformative and Critical Intellectual Capital Advancement and Scholarship in South Africa
Authors: Tshishonga Ndwakhulu Stephen
Published: June 2019

This chapter interrogates an ecological model of university as a framework to understanding evolving roles played by institutions of higher learning, particularly universities, thus including their implications for a wider society transformational change. Barnett has explored various models ranging from the metaphysical, scientific, entrepreneurial, and bureaucratic to liquid, therapeutic, authentic, and ecological models. The author further argues that being and becoming ecological is a huge project, as it takes the university into a new order of being. A university within this model becomes an entity that constantly engages with itself and its adjacent environment in order to remain relevant and be part of the solutions to the societal challenges. In this chapter, case studies from the South African universities were used as the research technique, including selected interviews with key stakeholders in the higher education sector.
Towards Advancing Human-Centered Intellectual Scholarship Through University-Community Partnership
Authors: Tshishonga Ndwakhulu Stephen
Published: June 2019

This chapter explores the potential benefits and opportunities for institutions of higher learning (HEIs) to advance human-centered intellectual scholarship through institutionalizing university-community partnerships. The chapter argues that the success of these partnerships are not only depended on respect and mutual understanding but also on collective envisioning by all partners in forging both the strategic and plan of action. Paying lip-service to community-civil engagement or service-learning-deprived students, universities' and respective learning communities generate transformative knowledge and use knowledge as a strategy to deal with their problems. The chapter uses service learning or community engagement-related programs and projects from different universities as case studies in South Africa. Informed opinions from experts from academic institutions and students will be engaged to extract primary data.
(Un)feasibility of FeesMustFall Campaign From a Political Economy Perspectives
Authors: Tshishonga Ndwakhulu Stephen
Published: June 2019

The FeesMustFall campaign since October 2015 has grown to be one of the biggest movements ever witnessed in the history of South African student politics. Similarly to the struggle waged by 1976 youth against the dominance of Afrikaans as the medium of instruction, FMF challenges the current government and universities to provide free, quality, and decolonized higher education. Considering the slow pace of economic growth, the realization of free and quality education might be an impossible dream. Thus, dropping the fees seems to be a financial relieve to the poor students, but not the panacea to challenges faced by institutions of higher learning. FMF movement challenges both the government and ANC leadership to walk the talk by implementing policies and resolutions taken to transform higher education from declining. The question is, What are the costs and benefit of free education as advocated through FeesMustFall campaign? Can South Africa afford sustainable free education without compromising other areas of need?
The Training of Intellectual Capital in the Tourism Sector Based on the Development of Professional Skills
Authors: García Rosa María Rivas , Ruiz Jésica Alhelí Cortés , Ruiz Sandra Viridiana Cortés
Published: June 2019

The objective of this chapter is to offer an approach to the generation of competitive advantage in the tourism industry based on the definition of intellectual capital and its relationship with professional competences in tourism, which is why the topic of educational competences in higher education is described, since professional skills are achieved through these. Subsequently, the exploration of the intellectual capital concept and the conception of tourism is presented. Finally, the relation of the thematic axes of this chapter is presented to incorporate the conclusion that describes that the educational competences in higher education applied by professionals in the tourism industry will result in the productivity and profitability of the organizations known as intellectual capital.
An Integrated GIS and Knowledge-Based Automated Decision Support System for Precision Agriculture Using IoT
Authors: Lavanya Raja , Chakkaravarthy G. Vinoth , Alli P.
Published: June 2019

Agriculture is a sector that holds great promise to Indian economic growth. Production in rural Tamil Nadu is extremely low due to unscientific farming practices. The major challenges faced in Tamil Nadu agriculture are crop mapping, yield prediction, quality of food produced, irrigation management, variable rate fertilizer and pesticide due to lack of technical knowledge. Precision agriculture (PA) rules out all drawbacks of traditional agriculture. The main objective of the chapter is to enhance the productivity of rural Tamil Nadu in order to meet the growing demands of our country's food supply chain
The Future of FinTech in ASEAN
Authors: Mohamed Hazik Bin
Published: June 2019

FinTech and the digital economy offer opportunities for ASEAN to rebuild trust and confidence in a financial system that had lost them. Some technologists imagine this world without intermediaries, while others just want a faster and more efficient way of transacting. Banks, FinTech companies, and regulators need to collaborate to create an ecosystem to drive greater access to financial services in the integrated ASEAN economy. The authors discuss projected trends in technology and its use in the next few crucial years. They also recommend strategies that involve various market participants and stakeholders coming together and working towards shared goals of a unified ASEAN economic community by increasing financial inclusion for the unbanked and the seamless cross-border flow of goods, services, and payments in a safe and secure manner.
The Effects of Cybercrime on the Banking Sector in ASEAN
Authors: Spulbar Cristi , Birau Ramona
Published: June 2019

The main objective of this chapter is to investigate the effects of cybercrime on the banking sector in ASEAN. Global challenges on the evolution of cybercrime are in continuous dynamics in the case of emerging or developing countries, so that sustainable development plays an essential role. Moreover, the propagation effects can generate significant damages in the banking sector. Efficient bank management is essential in the context of providing advanced techniques for cyber security. Traditional cyber security measures are insufficient to ensure data protection and online information privacy. Consequently, investigations of cyber-criminal activity must become a priority especially in the context of globalization.
Using Blockchain and Smart Contracts for Waqf Institutions
Authors: Habib Farrukh , Ahmad Abu Umar Faruq
Published: June 2019

The institution of Waqf always played a pivotal role of sustainable economic development in a Muslim society throughout the history of Islam. However, recently, even with the introduction of the modern Islamic finance a few decades ago, the institution has been struggling to rejuvenate its past glory. The key issues are lack of availability of data and historical records, weak transparency and public disclosure, improper audit and compliance practices. The advent of the blockchain has offered a ray of hope for the revival of the Waqf institution. The blockchain has already proved itself as a game changing breakthrough. Similarly, the Waqf institution could be invigorated with the innovative and efficient use of the blockchain. Moreover, the use of smart contracts on blockchain could further enhance the performance and efficacy of the Waqf institution. It is strongly believed that with the firm Islamic jurisprudential foundations of the Waqf, blockchain, and smart contracts will ensure that the Waqf institution could partake in the economic development of the whole Muslim world.
Examining the Possibilities
Authors: Ray Beverly B.
Published: June 2019

This chapter examines the efficacy of Gameful Learning, an emerging pedagogy, as a learning and assessment strategy. The theoretical foundation supporting its use is reviewed along with an emerging research base supportive of its use. The chapter also explores lessons learned from the initial integration of Gameful Learning into one junior level teacher preparation course. Recommendations for those interested in implementing Gameful Learning are offered. The chapter concludes by offering a set of concrete recommendations for future research regarding Gameful Learning's efficacy for teacher education programs.
Empowering Preservice Teachers Through Alternative STEM Teaching Experiences
Authors: Burton Megan , Tripp L. Octavia , Demoiny Sara B. , Cardullo Victoria M. , Finley Stacie
Published: June 2019

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education (STEM) is a focus in many schools and businesses. Therefore, it is critical teachers are prepared to implement effective STEM lessons in their classrooms, and that research explores ways to prepare teachers for this important field. This chapter describes the experience of 24 preservice teachers that planned and implemented a three-week summer elementary STEM classroom experience for approximately 150 students in Grades 3 to 5. Preservice teachers' reflections and perceptions from of this experience are captured from multiple lenses at four points of the experience using the portraiture method of inquiry. Then these portraits are analyzed for themes that provide insight into the perceptions and effectiveness of the experience.
Systematic Selection of Innovative Pedagogies in Teacher Education Courses and Practica
Authors: Shambaugh Neal , Brownfiel Katharine
Published: June 2019

The purpose for teaching is to prepare learners for lives in the 21st century. The availability of new forms of teaching to achieve 21st century learning outcomes across learner differences benefits from tapping a systematic approach for pedagogy selection. For those working in teacher education, the chapter first summarizes issues about new pedagogies, including the perspective of the preservice teacher. A systematic approach to selecting innovative pedagogies uses seven prompts. The first three review student needs including (1) teacher knowledge of student differences, (2) learning outcomes, and (3) the realities of the school setting. A second set of prompts address teaching decisions including (4) assessment of learning outcomes, (5) the mix of teaching models and strategies, (6) the enabling features of the new pedagogies during implementation, and (7) the adjustments of teaching decisions based on the responses to the above prompts. Recommendations for best practices and research directions are provided.
Teacher, Mentor, and Teacher Education
Authors: Rodriguez Arturo , Smith Matthew David , Magill Kevin Russel
Published: June 2019

Mentorship varies based in one's personal experience, understandings of theory related to the field, and the practice of mentorship in a given context. This chapter reviews mentor and protégé experiences over a 20-year timeframe, beginning in high school and continuing through collegiate, credentialing, teaching, graduate school, and doctoral education. The authors maintained a friendship and mentor/protégé relationship from their initial meeting through their current professional collaboration. They argue that mentorship must move beyond traditional ideas commonly associated with the term and instead include authentic experience and intellectual reflection across human ways of being or understanding within a framework of unimpeachable friendship, trust, and respect.
Exploring the Systematic Business Model Innovation
Authors: Chen Tsung-Yi
Published: June 2019

An electronic-based business model (BM) is the new paradigm in business model innovation (BMI). In order to adapt to an ever-changing and extremely volatile Internet environment, an enterprise needs a systematic approach and tools to improve its existing business model or create a new one. This study analyzes the issues and system requirements for collaborative business model innovation relating to (1) BM design, (2) BM innovative system design, and (3) moral and intellectual property. Focusing on level (1) BM design, this study develops a systematic business model innovation approach based on the business model canvas (BMC) with nine building blocks and integrates the innovation radar (IR) with twelve key dimensions. Based on level (2), the study proposes a suitable collaborative BMI environment to enable the planning of a BM innovative design support system through virtual innovation teams (VITs), and to understand the system's functional requirements. Using the designed environment, this study develops the architecture of a BM knowledge support service environment based on cloud technology. To verify the proposed method, a bookstore is used as a case study. This study engages in innovative research in order to design a conceptual and systematic BMI approach.
Cultural Tourism O2O Business Model Innovation
Authors: Lu Chao , Liu Sijing
Published: June 2019

It is absolutely not an accidental phenomenon that the development of Internet overlaps with boom of business model research. The emergence of the Internet has greatly promoted the development and study of business models. This paper focuses on exploration of O2O business model innovation by analyzing the main types, evolution and driving factors of Chinese Internet business model, taking Ctrip as the example. From the social prospective, O2O business model improves value and feeling of the customer experience as well as the operational efficiency of the enterprise value chain and utilization efficiency of social resources. This paper has also put forward what Ctrip can enlighten the development of tourism enterprises.
Towards the Functional Roles of an Innovation Laboratory as a Platform for Innovation
Authors: Memon Atia Bano , Meyer Kyrill
Published: June 2019

The main question guiding this paper is ‘how are innovation laboratories a potential source of assistance for businesses in undertaking innovation projects?' Because of the focused and case-based nature, the extant literature on innovation laboratories falls insufficient in explaining the functional contributions of innovation laboratories towards a systematic, efficient, effective, and ultimately successful innovation management of products, processes and services of business organizations. In this esteem, the present study examines the current practices and functioning of innovation laboratories in field settings by employing a multistep research methodology. As a result, eight key functionalities and thirty associated offerings of innovation laboratories that add substantial value in maximizing the chances of success are herein determined and discussed. Moreover, the findings reveal that a particular innovation laboratory focuses on only a subset of identified functionalities and thereby influences the innovation process at a different stage and in a different manner. Accordingly, the paper debates the impacts of different functionalities towards the innovation process.
Leveraging Business Model Innovation in the International Space Industry
Authors: Vecchi Alessandra , Brennan Louis
Published: June 2019

This chapter provides insights on the dynamics of the space industry, which, despite its remarkable potential, tends to remain an under-studied sector within the field of business studies. By drawing on our existing work on the space industry, this chapter investigates the leveraging of innovative business models in the industry utilizing three case studies. The findings demonstrate that all three companies (Virgin Galactic, Mars One, and Unilever with the Axe/Lynx Apollo campaign) have extensively relied on business model innovation by leveraging specific design elements: content, structure, and governance. The findings highlight that business model innovation is an imperative to operate successfully in the space industry. Furthermore, a wide variety of private actors appear to be particularly resourceful in adopting novel business models that address the involvement of non-space actors and rely on non-space revenues.
Innovation and Financial Inclusion in Kenya Innovation and Financial Inclusion in Kenya
Authors: Omanga Josphat Njuguna , Dreyer Johannes Kabderian
Published: June 2019

This chapter analyzes the role of financial innovation and mobile phone technologies to financial inclusion in Kenya. In order to do so, a case study on M-PESA is conducted, the leading mobile service of money transfers in Africa, which is offered by Safaricom. M-PESA services are cheap and easy to use in comparison to other formal and informal providers of financial services. It solves two different problems in Kenya: customers do not have to travel anymore long distances to reach financial services and more people can afford them. As result and in line with the literature, this chapter suggests that M-PESA services can be considered a type of disruptive innovation that promotes financial inclusion and wealth growth in Kenya.
Development of an Automated Decision Support System for Diagnosis of Digestive Disorders Using Electrogastrograms
Authors: Rajagopal Arivarasu , Alagumariappan Paramasivam , Krishnamurthy Kamalanand
Published: June 2019

The disorders of the digestive tract lead to various problems such as bleeding, bloating, nausea, etc. In order to diagnose various digestive abnormalities, the electrogastrograms (EGG) can serve as an efficient tool. In an EGG, several electrodes are placed onto the abdomen over the stomach and the electrical signals originating from the stomach muscles are recorded. By analyzing these electrical patterns, the abnormalities in digestive system can be analyzed. This chapter describes the developed system for measuring EGG signals along with the decision support system developed for automated classification of digestive disorders. The normal and abnormal EGG signals were acquired at Balaji Medical Hospital, Chennai. Further, the features were extracted using descriptive statistics and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm. Finally, an automated classification system was developed using k-means algorithm. This chapter explains the recording of electrogastrograms and a method for classification of normal and abnormal EGG signals.
Cloud Computing Technology Innovation Advances
Authors: Ratten Vanessa
Published: June 2019

This paper seeks to investigate the advances in the consumer adoption process of technological innovations in cloud computing services. The paper aims to focus on the increased role of cognitive computing and big data affecting adoption of emerging technologies. As more consumers worldwide are using mobile computing, the role of online advertising is examined to understand the marketing affects of cloud technology. This leads to a discussion about how the value of social capital to consumers adopting cloud computing technology, which highlights how consumers learn and interact with emerging technological innovations. To overcome the concerns about security and transparency of data stored on cloud computing servers, the role of cloud computing technology in alleviating consumer concerns is stated. The findings highlight the importance of changing the mindsets of consumers when using a technological innovation and the obstacles to the use of cloud computing technology. The paper describes the advances in cloud computing technology in connection to emerging innovations that can be of use to practitioners as well as researchers in the field.