bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automation: Uma Ferramenta para a Evolução de um Tradutor Automático Português-Libras com Corpus Colaborativo
Authors: Silva Marcos Henrique Alves da , Araújo Tiago Maritan Ugulino de , Costa Rostand Edson Oliveira , Moreira Samuel de Moura , Alves Lucas Moreira e Silva
Published: July 2021

Pessoas surdas comunicam-se naturalmente usando línguas viso-espaciais, denominadas Línguas de Sinais (LS). Apesar das línguas de sinais serem reconhecidas em muitos países como uma segunda língua oficial, nem sempre os conteúdos são gerados de forma acessível para esta comunidade. Com objetivo de minimizar esses impactos, pesquisas envolvendo tradução automática utilizando Aprendizagem Profunda ganham cada vez mais espaço na literatura. Porém, uma das principais barreiras para uso dessa estratégia é a necessidade de um corpus bilíngue, o que nem sempre é uma tarefa fácil de encontrar ou produzir. Nesse contexto, este trabalho apresenta uma ferramenta de automação de treinamentos para um tradutor automático Português-Libras. A solução comunica-se com um sistema colaborativo de traduções de sentenças Português-Libras, o WikiLibras, e alimenta o corpus de um tradutor automático para Libras, o VLibras, com objetivo de realizar treinamentos com um conjunto de dados cada vez mais robusto a cada iteração.
Análise de sentimento com rede neural convolucional: uma investigação do fator motivacional da metodologia de aprendizagem criativa
Authors: Braga Max Filipe da Costa , Soares e Silva Wilson Rogério , Ohashi Junior Orlando Shigueo , Torres Renato Hidaka
Published: July 2021

Este artigo investiga a utilização da plataforma Scratch no desenvolvimento e monitoramento de ensaios de imersão criativa com alunos da educação básica. Acredita-se que propostas interativas como o Scratch proporcionam a motivação do aluno e contribuem no desenvolvimento das habilidades e competências. Para verificar essa hipótese, desenvolvemos três roteiros experimentais, no intuito de realizar a análise de sentimento dos participantes. Os sentimentos foram analisados a partir de um de uma rede neural convolucional e os resultados demonstram que o sentimento de felicidade e neutralidade foram predominantes. A observação desses sentimentos permite concluir que o Scratch contribui no fator motivacional do aprendizado.
Investigação das práticas proativas de desenvolvimento de software seguro adotadas por pequenos times de desenvolvimento
Authors: Rodrigues João Paulo de S. , Cordovil Kleverton Robson da Silva , Ohashi Junior Orlando Shigueo , Torres Renato Hidaka
Published: July 2021

Com o crescimento dos perigos da internet, a computação confiável introduziu na indústria de software uma nova filosofia de desenvolvimento, impondo a adoção de práticas seguras durante todo o ciclo de desenvolvimento. A partir do estudo dos ciclos seguros de desenvolvimento da Microsoft, Safecode e Touchpoints, esse trabalho desenvolveu um survey com o objetivo de investigar as práticas de desenvolvimento de software seguro adotadas por pequenos times de desenvolvimento. Os resultados observados foram correlacionados com as diretrizes de segurança dos três ciclos estudados e apontaram que práticas de segurança importantes como teste de penetração e análise estática e dinâmica de código não são frequentemente utilizadas por times pequenos.
Digital Identity Challenge: The Security and Convenience Dilemma
Authors: Ferraz André , Ferraz Carlos
Published: July 2021

This paper argues that the essential pieces of an enduring digital identity should be privacy, security, and convenience. Authentication should be frictionless. In this sense, the core of the digital identity of the future will be created around location sensing techniques. Incognia proposes a solution to secure and frictionless authentication for mobile apps that is composed of five steps. Its proprietary technology called environment fingerprinting can identify location spoofing and precisely determine the devices actual location. Incognia has found that most mobile logins, sensitive transactions, and purchases occur at trusted locations. To date, 90% of mobile logins and 89% of mobile banking sessions happen at a trusted location. Experimental results show false-negative rates below 0.004% and a decrease of over 85% of account takeover attacks.
Classificação de subtipos de câncer de mama: Um estudo baseado em genes representativos
Authors: Reis João , M. Neto Rayol , Nakamura Fabíola G. , Nakamura Eduardo F.
Published: July 2021

O câncer de mama é o segundo tipo de câncer mais comum e é a principal causa de mortes relacionadas ao câncer em todo o mundo. Por ser uma doença heterogênea, a subtipagem do câncer de mama desempenha um papel importante na realização de um tratamento específico. Neste trabalho, propomos uma abordagem que utiliza diferentes técnicas de aprendizado de máquina para uma análise mais ampla da lista PAM50 na classificação de subtipos de câncer de mama. Os experimentos mostram que o melhor método a ser utilizado na classificação dos subtipos de câncer de mama é o SVM com kernel linear, que apresentou valor F1 de 0,97 para o subtipo Basal e 0,83 para o subtipo Her 2, os dois subtipos de pior prognóstico, respectivamente.
Árvore da Ciência: Uma Plataforma para Exploração da Genealogia Acadêmica Brasileira
Authors: Cota João M. M. C. , Laender Alberto H. F. , Prates Raquel O.
Published: July 2021

Identificar e estudar a formação dos pesquisadores ao longo dos anos é uma tarefa desafiadora, pois os atuais repositórios de teses e dissertações são catalogados de forma descentralizada em diferentes bibliotecas digitais. Neste artigo, damos um passo à frente na construção de um grande repositório para registro da genealogia acadêmica brasileira. Para isso, coletamos dados da plataforma Lattes, mantida pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), e desenvolvemos uma plataforma voltada a usuários finais para gerar as árvores genealógicas acadêmicas dos pesquisadores brasileiros a partir dos dados coletados, fornecendo também dados adicionais sobre as principais propriedades dessas árvores. Nosso esforço identificou aspectos interessantes relacionados à trajetória acadêmica dos pesquisadores brasileiros, que destacam a importância de se catalogar as suas árvores genealógicas acadêmicas.
Generating E-commerce Product Titles in Portuguese
Authors: Real Livy , Johansson Karina M. , Mendes Júlio C. S. , Lopes Bianca M. , Oshiro Márcio T. I.
Published: July 2021

This paper explores how Natural Language Processing techniques can be integrated to solve real-world problems in the e-commerce scenario. We address the issue of having high quality information products offered to customers in a marketplace platform, composed by thousands of sellers producing original content in multiple languages, following different SEO and cultural assumptions. We propose an NLP pipeline to generate high quality titles products in Portuguese.
Effect of a Training Protocol on Movement Function in Men with Cerebrovascular Accident
Authors: Kazemi Saeed , Mahdavinejad Reza , Lenjani Shahram
Published: July 2021

: Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) refers to any kind of damage caused by direct or indirect damage to the brain and its related elements. It is estimated that about 60% of brain injury victims have a permanent disorder. The consequences of CVA include reduced movement speed, weakness, functional impairment, reduced power, and balance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week selected training protocol on motor function following brain injury. In a semi-experimental study, 30 male subjects with a mean and standard deviation of 52.2 ± 5.4 years, weight 173.2 ± 4.2 kg, and height of 78.8 ± 5.3 cm were selected purposefully and accessible with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were randomly divided into experimental (n = 15) and control groups (n = 15). In order to evaluate the physical-motor performance, 10-meter walking tests, get up and go tests, and climbing stairs tests were used. The training program lasted for 12 weeks, three sessions per week, and each session for 30 - 60 minutes. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and dependent t-test using SPSS-21 software at P ≤ 0.05 level. Based on dependent t-test and covariance test, there were significant differences in all three components of motor function (10 m walk time tests, get up and go test, and stair climbing test), there was a significant increase after training in men with CVA (P = 0.00). From the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the special exercises of the present study have a positive effect on motor function parameters of male patients with CVA, so it can be recommended as one of the most important rehabilitation strategies for these patients.
Comparison of Health-care Waste Management in Urban and Rural Areas in Iran: Application of Multi-criteria Decision Making Method
Authors: Azizkhani Nourooz Ali , Gholami Soheyla , Yusif Salifu , Moosavi Saeideh , Miri Seyedeh Fatemeh , Kalhor Rohollah
Published: July 2021

Background: The global population has grown and is still growing. This growth is happening in more cities than in rural areas, given the continual search for economic opportunities. The implication of this growth is the growth of healthcare centers to meet the growing healthcare demand. Accordingly, healthcare waste production has posed a big challenge to health waste disposal and management. Objectives: This study aimed to prioritize and select the best method of waste management in the health sector with multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approaches. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out to select the best method of managing healthcare wastes through MCDM approaches in Qazvin. The sample was selected and assigned to two groups of 28 experts (five categories) who evaluated the criteria and a group of 22 individuals (four categories) to rank disposal methods of healthcare waste. First, six waste disposal methods and 12 criteria for designing a questionnaire were identified. After designing the questionnaire, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to calculate the weights of the criteria. Then, the TOPSIS method was used to rank different waste disposal methods. We used EC (ver. 8), Excel (Microsoft, 2007), and Lingo (ver. 14) for analyzing the data. Results: Concerning the rank of health waste disposal methods based on common existing criteria, urban and rural areas should use different disposal methods. The best disposal methods are irradiation (0.839) and microwave (0.794) in urban areas and steam sterilization (0.867) and microwave (0.840) in rural areas. In both areas, incineration was ranked the last. Conclusions: To achieve the effective disposal and safety of health waste in urban and rural areas, varied but applicable disposable methods should be used for the management of health waste disposal.
The Embodied Practical Ideal: Kant’s Ethicotheology and Godmanhood
Authors: Sudakov Andrey K.
Published: July 2021

The metaphysical layer of what can be called philosophical Christology in Kant’s treatise on religion reflects his idea of the embodiment of the archetype of moral perfection. Kant raises the problem of the ontology of the ideal in the shape of the question about the conditions that make actual experience possible: the ideal of holiness resides in reason, i. e. in the human being, but the dominance of radical evil over the human will puts it out of human reach either in thought or in practice. For rational thought it is more natural to imagine the practical reality of the archetype as the embodiment of the authentic man proceeding from God. Using the Gospel narrative about Jesus, Kant interprets the human nature of the archetype in the light of his general notions about the properties of this nature. It is widely believed that Kant’s ethical theology eliminates the divine nature of the archetype by stating that an entirely holy will cannot be a moral example for the infirm human will. Kant however says, merely as a critical philosopher, that there are not enough rational grounds for thinking divine nature. Rational philosophy can think the archetype of perfection only as its pure and whole moral attitude through all the maxims and acts. Philosophy would transcend its boundaries if it claimed more and expected recognition of the prototypical theology of the ideal as the content of church faith. But it is not by chance that Kant sets forth the philosophical theory of the archetype as the content of faith in the subjunctive mood. According to Kant, the preaching of the divine character of the archetype as extra-philosophical supplement of the paradoxes and symbols of philosophical theology is only possible on condition that this statutory preaching does not obstruct the overall aspiration toward the actualisation of the pure moral attitude. If these conditions are observed the philosopher and the biblical theologian remain each with their theologies and within their rights.
What is Kantian Philosophy of Mathematics? An Overview of Contemporary Studies
Authors: Evstigneev Maksim D.
Published: July 2021

This review of contemporary discussions of Kantian philosophy of mathematics is timed for the publication of the essay Kant’s Philosophy of Mathematics. Volume 1: The Critical Philosophy and Its Roots (2020) edited by Carl Posy and Ofra Rechter. The main discussions and comments are based on the texts contained in this collection. I first examine the more general questions which have to do not only with the philosophy of mathematics, but also with related areas of Kant’s philosophy, e. g. the question: What is intuition and singular term? Then I look at more specific questions, e. g.: What is the subject of arithmetic and what is the significance of diagrams in mathematical reasoning? As a result, the reader is presented with a fairly complete overview of modern discussions which can be used as an introduction to the problem field of Kant’s philosophy of mathematics.
Current trends in the development of a green finance system: methodology and practice
Authors: Alieva Inobbat A. , Altunina Varvara V.
Published: July 2021

The concept of green growth and sustainable development is turning into a global ideology guiding the transformation of national economies. The focus is shifting from quantitative assessments of performance to rational choice conditions. Rationality is becoming the decisive factor behind sustainable green growth, and a change in the financial model that supports such growth may be needed. Therefore, the most urgent problems relating to sustainable growth are the transformation of the finance system, on the one hand, and the creation of a new financial paradigm based on the principles of responsible investment and corporate social responsibility, on the other. This study aims to consider the theoretical and practical aspects of creating a national green finance model ensuring sustainable growth in the Russian Federation. The development of a green finance mechanism and a green bond market in Baltic Sea countries is analysed to determine national features and explore the possibility of translating the Baltic experience into practice in Russia. The research uses methods such as economic observations, economic description, structural and logical analysis, and systems analysis. Perhaps the most significant finding is the description of a methodological framework for sustainable development theory, as seen by major schools of economic thought. Studying the experience of Baltic Sea countries in creating a new finance model of responsible investment helped detect national features and development priorities that can be used in Russia in devising the ideology, principles, and mechanism of green growth and sustainable growth financing.
Digitalization serving process citizens as users of public services in function of economic development: Analysis situation in Republic of Serbia
Authors: Radnović Branislav
Published: July 2021

The Republic of Serbia has in recent years increased the number of public services that citizens electronically can receive from state institutions. The digitalisation of public administration is one of the priorities of the Republic of Serbia. Significant impacts of digitalisation are: increasing the transparency of the process, reduce corruption, reduce administrative costs, increase competitiveness and most importantly the process of digitization is in the function of economic development.
Commands and division of duties in the Codes of laws, decrees and ordinances from 1840 and 1845
Authors: Pavlović-Jovanović Jelena
Published: July 2021

The aim of this paper is to examine commands and division of duties in the laws, decrees and ordinances from 1840 and 1845. We employed the following methods in our analysis: functional, stylistic, syntactic, linguistic, historical and discourse analysis. We have come to the conclusion that the modal verb should within the deep structure of the legal texts, ought to be expressed on the surface structure via (in)expressive means. Stern orders are connected to certain professions such as soldiers or government officials. More lenient orders and suggestions are connected with situations where the legislator is of a lower rank than the addressee. Additional expressiveness is conditioned by the lexical and semantic properties of the verbs, the use of negation, additional qualifiers and the accumulation of examples.
The economic and educational transformation of the autonomy of Kosovo and Metohija (1958-1965)
Authors: Vukadinović Igor
Published: July 2021

Decision of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia to pay special attention to the development of the Autonomous Region of Kosovo and Metohija has radically changed the economic structure of the region. This was reflected in the opening of new plants in the electrical, chemical, textile and food industries, which was followed by the high rates of economic growth. These changes were made possible by investments from the federal and republican levels, which accounted for over 70% of total investments in Kosovo and Metohija. Data on the economic boom of Kosovo and Metohija in the period 1957-1964. years deny the myth of the "oppression of Albanians" while Aleksandar Rankovic was in positions of power. The increase in professional engagement and material investments at the end of the fifties enabled school buildings in Kosovo and Metohija to meet modern urban, hygienic and pedagogical standards. In order to improve interethnic relations, Serbian, Albanian and Turkish students from the same places started attending schools in the same facilities, and the Albanian language was introduced as an elective subject for Serbian students. During the 1950s, Kosovo Albanians rarely chose to study at Yugoslav universities, driven by cultural, economic and political considerations. The situation changed after 1958, with the establishment of the Higher Education School in Pristina. The faculty network expanded in the following years, so that in the early 1960s, Kosovo and Metohija had four towns that housed higher education institutions. Pristina has become the cultural, economic and educational center of this part of Yugoslavia.
EXPLORING CONSUMER PREFERENCES AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION
Authors: Ubiparip Samek Dragana , Bajić Aleksandra , Pezo Lato , Kovač Renata , Mastilović Jasna
Published: July 2021

The consumers’ preferences and their reasons for vegetable consumption were examined with the aim to provide useful information to increase the consumption of these food items.  Consumers’ general viewpoints about vegetable consumption were examined using an online questionnaire. The study was conducted on a sample of 711 respondents chosen randomly and obtained data were analyzed by the correspondence analysis. Results suggest that consumers consider vegetables as tasty, easy to use and healthy for consumption. The main drawbacks for vegetable consumption are safety issues, short shelf-life and high price. In order to increase the consumption of these foodstuffs, each type of fresh and processed vegetable should have a specifically designed campaign, emphasizing its specific attribute. Obtained results might provide an insight into the current state of consumers’ behavior in Serbia and might be useful for creating specific promotional programs and more appropriate communication strategies aiming to increase consumers’ knowledge about the importance of regular vegetable consumption. They should raise consumers’ awareness by emphasizing the importance of adequate daily vegetable consumption. This, in turn, should improve public health and reduce the health and economic costs of massive chronic diseases caused by inadequate diet.
Inovação, conformidade e outras ambivalências em design de moda
Authors: Campos Amanda Queiroz
Published: July 2021

O artigo problematiza a criação no design de moda. Uma maioria notável de empresa no mercado de moda orienta-se por tendências editadas por bureaux de style, disseminada por estilistas em desfiles internacionais ou ainda em apostas de sucesso pela mídia de moda – profissional e/ou entusiasta (amadora). A investigação resulta dos desdobramentos de uma pesquisa sobre a agência de designers de moda. O presente recorte enfatiza as dialéticas criação x adequação e inovação x segurança. De modo mais específico este artigo aborda as considerações de três entrevistadas no momento de validação dos resultados da investigação. Durante os diálogos – que consistiram em conversações informais por telefone, mas tiveram o auxílio de um roteiro semiestruturado – as profissionais relataram suas observações sobre atos deliberados de criação e a lógica mercantil das corporações de design de moda.
“Nem o mel nem a cabaça”: a fortuna da cor de uma professora de artes visuais parda
Authors: Vasconcelos Flávia Pedrosa
Published: July 2021

Este texto se configura como um olhar narrativo sobre a construção da identidade profissional a partir de uma professora de Artes Visuais parda. Realça interpretações do termo “fortuna da cor”, utilizando de pontos de inflexão da memória, buscando proporcionar, por intermédio de reflexões autobiográficas, entendimentos sobre como a formação e a práxis em sala de aula conectam conceitos e práticas na experiência de ser/estar/tornar-se professora. Assim, numa perspectiva cartográfica a cada ponto traduz uma passagem que alia territórios geográficos, culturais à produção de pertencimento, revendo os modos de ver, da voz ao corpo sentido em análise sobre o atual momento de pandemia de covid19. Por essas razões, os caminhos trilhados intentam dialogar com outras/os em uma pintura que retrate a atualidade e dê abertura para espaços mais ampliados e contextualizadores, em que tons de pele sejam ponto de compartilhamentos e não de invisibilidades na e para a formação de professoras de Artes Visuais.
Memoria de un espacio en trance de sumersión: Análisis iconográfico de la imagen de “El joven saltador ante los puentes”, fotografía de Wifredo López Vecino (año ante quem 1969)
Authors: García Manso Angélica
Published: July 2021

El fotógrafo rural Wifredo López Vecino se ha convertido en el testigo gráfico por excelencia de la transformación geomorfológica del Vado de Alconétar, en el río Tajo a su paso por la provincia de Cáceres, en la década de los años 60. Más allá del documento gráfico que ofrecen sus imágenes, fue capaz de recrear de manera autodidacta una poética de la composición muy personal, que aplicó a sus retratos y a los paisajes. Entre estos últimos, una de sus fotografías más emblemáticas es la del “El joven saltador ante los puentes”, de la que en el presente estudio se ofrece un detallado análisis iconográfico en consonancia con otras fotografías características de su producción y con otras obras de la tradición artística occidental y de la fotografía contemporáneas que constituyen referentes que permiten comprender el tratamiento de personas, paisajes y símbolos presentes en la imagen examinada.

The rural photographer Wifredo López Vecino has become the graphic witness par excellence of the geomorphological transformation in the sixties of the Vado de Alconetar of the Tajo river as it passed through the province of Caceres. Beyond the graphic document offered by his images, he was able to recreate, in a self-taught way, a very personal poetics of composition, which he applied to his portraits and landscapes. Among the seconds, one of his most emblematic photographs is that of "The Young Jumper before the Bridges", of which this study offers a detailed iconographic analysis in line with other characteristic photographs of his production and with other works of Western artistic tradition and contemporary photography that constitute references that allow us to understand the treatment of people, landscapes and symbols present in the image examined.
Développement des départements et programmes d’études en communication dans les universités au Québec : une synthèse des connaissances
Authors: Falardeau Marie-Chantal , Lapointe Marie-Claude , Martin Claude
Published: July 2021

Cet article présente une synthèse des connaissances liées au développement des programmes et départements universitaires en communication au Québec. Une analyse des écrits scientifiques, de la littérature grise et d’entretiens qualitatifs menés auprès de fondateurs et de directeurs des départements ou de programmes universitaires en communication au Québec met en exergue leur naissance et leur trajectoire au cours des quarante dernières années au sein des sept universités québécoises qui offrent un programme d’études supérieures en communication. La synthèse des connaissances montre que les programmes de communication découlent de diverses influences disciplinaires et qu’ils témoignent des changements vécus par la société québécoise. Elle laisse aussi entrevoir que le développement des programmes de communication a été influencé par les contextes étatique, institutionnel et social et qu’une dualité marque le rapport entre les programmes professionnalisants et les programmes plutôt théoriques ou scientifiques. Une réflexion quant aux éléments soulevés dans cette synthèse clôt cet article.
The evolution of the international emergency care workforce: a thematic analysis
Authors: Sharma Anahita
Published: July 2021

Acute care has historically been a relatively peripheral area on the global health agenda. Emergency care was first identified as a global priority at the WHO’s 60th World Health Assembly in 2007.  The WHO first mandated international coordination over the global shortage of human resources in health (HRH) in 2006. Little research has focused on the intersection of these problems, regarding the international workforce working in acute care.MethodsA systematic search was conducted to retrieve articles evaluating components of secondary-level local, local, regional or national acute services published in academic journals from 2000 onwards. A thematic analysis of selected articles was completed with a focus on human resource capacities, utilising a framework-based synthesis approach. Results73 articles based in 44 countries were retrieved, of which 43 were cross-sectional studies and 22 were qualitative case reports. Articles largely reported inadequate competencies, training opportunities and insufficient physical resource within local emergency medical systems. Emergency departments worldwide are widely staffed by unspecialised personnel.  Task-shifting within the acute care sector is frequently employed across the Subsaharan African region. Workforce issues were not restricted to low-income settings. However, a rigorous and stratified global dataset of workers in this category is not available and would be useful.ConclusionEmergency medical systems are undergoing a period of development worldwide. Inadequacies regarding supervision, infrastructure, and support services are not frequently addressed and should not be neglected in human resource policy. Identifying the successes and failures of systems on a global scale to date can prove useful for health systems planning and policy.
Is Fat Tissue a Suitable Source of Stem Cells for Musculoskeletal Regenerative Medicine Therapies: Literature Review
Authors: Hennessy Matthew James
Published: July 2021

This review found that adipose-derived stem cells are suitable for treating osteoarthritis. Besides joint replacement the current treatments do not reverse the underlining pathology, whereas this therapy replaces lost or damaged tissue and could represent a cure. Bone marrow is the traditional source of stem cells, however adipose tissue is more appropriate because of ease of harvesting, abundance, the concentration of stem cells and potential cosmetic benefits. Subcutaneous fat-derived stem cells are more effective for treating osteoarthritis when compared to visceral fat-derived. Human and animal models have shown its efficacy but with limitations. It has been less successful in older and/or patients with greater joint degeneration. Its cost-effectiveness when compared to current treatment has not been shown. A gold standard production and implantation method have yet to be developed, meaning there are no guidelines for its use. Current studies aim to address these issues, with implementation on the horizon.
Storia controfattuale e great men in Erodoto e Tucidide
Authors: Bianco Elisabetta
Published: July 2021

Thinking about the role of great men in virtual history of contemporary age, in this paper we intend to conduct an analysis of this theme starting from some significant texts of Herodotus and Thucydides, to evaluate the existence of a recourse to counterfactual reasoning in connection with the role of the individual also in Greek historiography. It emerges that counterfactuals, used perhaps not always intentionally, but, in any case, as a powerful narrative tool, help to define causal relationships and to highlight the important factors, moral and political responsibilities, including above all the ability of the leader to take reasonable decisions. The story of the past as it could have been, or, in other words, counterfactual history and not just real history, could thus encourage readers to reflect in a more engaging way than through the historical account alone, judging more actively the behaviour of great men of the past and learning from their decisions, both correct and incorrect.
Ostilità e omaggio al nuovo signore? I commediografi ateniesi davanti a Filippo II. Un’ipotesi su due frammenti di Efippo e Alessi
Authors: Squillace Giuseppe
Published: July 2021

In addition to the rhetoricians and orators who at Athens supported or opposed Philip, a number of playwrights – such as Ephippus and Alexis – did not hesitate to express their opinions of the Macedonian king. Some fragments of their works, however, seem to show conflicting positions, for if Ephippus supported the anti-Macedonian party, Alexis, while including Philip in some comedies, did not blame the king by turning him into a comic mask, but praised his political decisions and his respect for religion and traditions.
Prevalence and risk of spinal pain among physiotherapists in Poland
Authors: Glowinski Sebastian , Bryndal Aleksandra , Grochulska Agnieszka
Published: July 2021

Background

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, symptoms of, and risk factors for spinal pain in physiotherapists, as well as to analyse the correlation between these factors and the nature of the work, anthropometric features of the respondents, and the level of their physical activity.

Methods

The study was conducted among 240 physiotherapists (71 male and 169 female) with a mean age of 38.7 years. They were divided into three groups: physical therapy (37), kinesitherapy (158) and massage (45). Physiotherapists were evaluated with a specially designed questionnaire, the postural discomfort chart, the Neck Disability Index (NDI) questionnaire, and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) questionnaire.

Results

The analysis showed a 91.7% incidence of spinal pain in physiotherapists (91.1% for kinesitherapy, 97.3% for physical therapy, and 88.9% for massage). The study revealed that 50.2% of physiotherapists indicated one to five pain episodes in their careers. Most respondents reported pain in the lumbosacral spine (82%) and the cervical spine (67%). Most respondents (58.5%) scored the pain as moderate (VAS scale). Carrying (62.6%) and torso bending (37.4%) were indicated as the causes of pain.

Conclusions

Physiotherapists demonstrate a high prevalence of spinal pain. Physical activity reduces the frequency of pain episodes.
The anatomy of the palate in Early Triassic Chaohusaurus brevifemoralis (Reptilia: Ichthyosauriformes) based on digital reconstruction
Authors: Yin Ya-Lei , Ji Cheng , Zhou Min
Published: July 2021

The palatal anatomy of ichthyosauriforms remains largely unknown. Here, the complete palate of the early-branching ichthyosauriform Chaohusaurus brevifemoralis is reconstructed and described for the first time with the assistance of high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning on the basis of the three-dimensionally preserved skull of its paratype (GMPKU-P-3086) from the Lower Triassic of South China. The reconstruction reveals new palatal features of C. brevifemoralis. The palatine contacts the jugal directly, which is observed in ichthyosauriforms for the first time. A single row of denticles is present on each side of the palate. The vomer exceeds the anterior and posterior margins of the internal naris. The pterygoid is posterior to the internal naris. The epipterygoid is present and the ectopterygoid is absent.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ПАЛЕОЛАНДШАФТОВ В ЭПОХУ ГОЛОЦЕНА ПОД ВЛИЯНИЕМ ПРИРОДНЫХ И АНТРОПОГЕННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ НА ПРИМЕРЕ АКВАТОРИИ ТАГАНРОГСКОГО ЗАЛИВА И ПРИЛЕГАЮЩЕГО УЧАСТКА ДЕЛЬТЫ ДОНА, "Наука юга России"
Authors: Польшин В.В. , Толочко И.В. , Сушко К.С. , Московец А.Ю. , Бирюкова С.В.
Published: July 2021

Представлены новые данные исследований, отражающие изменение природной среды в регионе. Особое внимание уделено изучению антропогенного прессинга, который ощутимо влиял на экосистему района в течение последних 200–300 лет, но особенно сильно с середины XX века, то есть после зарегулирования стока реки Дон. Дана характеристика донных отложений восточной части Таганрогского залива. Приведены результаты исследований, позволяющие предположить, что изменения условий осадконакопления в этом районе Азовского моря произошло около 4,5 тыс. лет назад. Проанализированы данные по изменению твердого стока после зарегулирования Дона и трансформации речного стока на юге донской дельты после введения в строй в 1927 г. Азово-Донского морского канала. Сделан вывод о деградации этого участка дельты. Малакологические исследований показали присутствие в отложениях восточной части Таганрогского залива и прилегающего района донской дельты донной фауны, относящейся к морским, солоноватоводным (понто-каспийским) и пресноводным видам. Проведено изучение и последующее ранжирование по степени деградации почвенного покрова дельты Дона.
ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЕ МИКРОПЛАСТИКОМ ДОННЫХ ОТЛОЖЕНИЙ АЗОВСКОГО МОРЯ, "Наука юга России"
Authors: Глушко А.Е. , Беспалова Л.А. , Беспалова Е.В. , Картамышева Т.Б.
Published: July 2021

Целью исследования является оценка концентраций, морфологических особенностей, размерного ряда частиц, степени и путей деградации, химического состава микропластика в донных отложениях Азовского моря. Было отобрано 27 проб донных отложений. Обработка проб проводилась по модифицированному методу NOAA. Проведенный анализ показал, что частицы данного загрязнителя присутствуют в 100 % проб. Концентрация частиц микропластика в образцах отложений из различных районов варьирует от 27 до 130 шт./кг сухого осадка при средних значениях 69 шт./кг. Выделены три зоны повышенного загрязнения донных грунтов: первая – восточная часть Таганрогского залива (80–97 шт./кг) – связана с воздействием Таганрога и стока р. Дон; вторая – Восточное Приазовье (70–130 шт./кг) – обусловлена влиянием стока р. Кубань; третья зона расположена в Керченском предпроливье – плюме черноморских вод (более 80 шт./кг). К акваториям с содержанием микропластика в донных осадках меньше средних значений относятся центральные районы моря, занятые мелкоалевритовым и пелитовыми илами, а также Казантипский и Арабатский заливы. Морфологические особенности частиц исследованы с помощью стереомикроскопа Микромед МС-1 вар. 2C Digital. Во всех отобранных образцах преобладают полупрозрачные волокна и пленки. Исследование размерного состава микропластика показало, что самыми частыми по встречаемости в пробах являются частицы размером 0,4–0,5 мм, медиана размерного ряда составляла 0,6 мм. С помощью растрового электронного микроскопа VEGA II LMU определены виды деградации микропластика: растрескивание, расщепление, расслоения, разбухание и т.д. При помощи ИК-Фурье спектрометра JASCO FT/IR-6800 установлено, что большая часть обнаруженных частиц по своему составу является акрилом, полиамидом (нейлон), термопластичными полимерами, полиэтиленом, полиэстером и полистиролом.
NARDOSTACHYS JATAMANSI: IMPORTANCE OF HIGHLY SIGNIFICANT AND ENDANGERED PLANT IN AYURVEDA
Authors: Thakur Shifali , Kaurav Hemlata , Chaudhary Gitika
Published: July 2021

Medicinal herbs have a rich history of their utilization for a variety of ailments. India is considered among those countries which have produced a vast variety of medicinal plants. Medicinal plants are the source of the discovery of new drugs across the world. Most of the drugs available today have some herbal content of plants in them. Due to this over-utilization of the herbal plant, it becomes endangered. Nardostachys jatamansi is a popular aromatic herbal plant. This plant is also on the verge of extinction due to the overexploitation of the rhizomes part of the herb. It is small, hairy, perennial, rhizomatous species of Valerianacea family. It is cultivated mostly in higher altitude areas. Jatamansi demonstrates various folk, Ayurvedic and pharmacological uses. Jatamansone and nardostachone are the main compounds present in the plant that possesses various activities like antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant activity, etc. In this review, the phytochemicals pharmacological properties, Ayurvedic properties and folk uses of N. jatamansi are briefly explained.
The Impact of Oil Exploration Activities on Soil, Water and Shrimps of Maa-Or Gbor in Korokoro Community, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Nwachoko N. , Jack G. T. , Dume B. B.
Published: July 2021

Crude oil exploration and its associated spillage pose a major threat to the environment in Nigeria and if not checked and managed properly, could lead to total annihilation of the ecosystem especially in the Niger Delta Region. Therefore, this study examines the impact of oil spill on soil, water and shrimps from Maa-or gbor. Water and soil samples were collected in the upstream, midstream and downstream, while shrimps from the river were also collected. They were digested with nitric acid. The heavy metal components were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer while physiochemical parameters were determined using different analytical methods. The result of the metals concentration in the soil showed that the values of some of the metals analyzed were within the acceptable limit of FAO/WHO except for Cu, Mn and Fe values. The result of water quality showed that pH values of the stations were in the range of 6.08-6.20 and a mean value of 6.15± 0.05 for the three stations, which is lower than the limit (6.5- 8.5) recommended for drinking water. Also the result showed that Station C had the highest conductivity value when compared with other stations, and significantly differs when compared with station B. However, the values of the electrical conductivity in all the stations were lower than that of FEPA acceptable limit of 250, while the mean value for the stations was 60.9± 3.42. Trace metals concentration in shrimps was below FAO/WHO acceptable limit. The result obtained for water quality index was147. This value is above the recommended standard for drinking water, thus indicates poor quality water status of Maa-or gbor and unfit for human consumption.
Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Diverse Soil and Air Flora of Federal University of Technology campus, Akure, Nigeria
Authors: Onifade Kayode Anthony , Akinsola Naomi Titilayo
Published: July 2021

Aim: This study was conducted to comparatively investigate the soil and air microflora of selected locations within the Federal University of Akure (FUTA), Ondo State, Nigeria.

Study design: Experimental design

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at The Federal University Technology, Akure (FUTA), Ondo State, Nigeria comprising; School of Sciences, School of Agricultural and Agricultural Technology, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, School of Health and Health Technology, Microbiology department, FUTA Health Centre, postgraduate hostel, female hostels (main Jibowu and Jibowu annex 1) and the male hostels (Akindeko and Abiola hall of residence) between June and July, 2019.

Methodology: Isolation of bacteria and fungi from soil samples and air was conducted using specified techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility test was conducted via agar disc diffusion technique. Plasmid analysis and curing was conducted via standard protocols.

Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, S. saprophyticus were isolated as soil and air microflora while Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, with Fusarium oxysporium were isolated from soil as A. flavus, A. niger, Penicillium chrysogenum was implicated in air. Bacillus cereus and B. subtilis showed utmost resistance to ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cloxacillin, augmentin, ceftriaxone, whereas Enterobacter aerogenes and Proteus vulgaris were susceptible to gentamycin at 17.66±1.52 mm and 16.00±2.00 mm respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to gentamycin and ofloxacin at 17.30±0.57 mm and 18.66±0.57 mm. The multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains were positive for plasmid DNA with 10 kilobase pairs, but were sensitive to all the antibiotics after curing indicating plasmid-borne resistance.

Conclusion: Findings from this study inferred possible health consequences of MDR soil and air microflora as potential threat to human health which necessitates proper sanitary practices across different sampling areas adopted for this study to reduce potential incidence of bacterial and mycotic infections.
Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis Due to Hafnia alvei in Three Neonates at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Nnajekwu Uchenna C. , K. Iloh Kenechukwu , Obumneme-Anyim Ijeoma N. , Nnajekwu Chukwubike O. , Nwafia Ifeyinwa N. , Obu Hebert A. , Adimora Gilbert N.
Published: July 2021

Background: Hafnia alvei is a Gram-negative motile bacillus, belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is commonly found in stool of humans and animals and soil. It is very rare in neonates. This organism is resistant to most commonly used antibiotics, and causes nosocomial outbreaks with significant mortality. Therefore, awareness regarding this organism is important to improve outcome.

Presentation of Cases: We report three cases of late onset neonatal sepsis caused by Hafnia alvei. Of these, two were preterm while one was term. The term neonate was referred on account of perinatal asphyxia and developed fever, reduced activity, tachycardia, and tachypnoea 5 days into admission. The two preterm neonates were delivered at the index hospital and developed hypothermia, and other symptoms on the 4th day of life.  Two sets of blood cultures were done for each case after collecting blood from two different sites. Blood culture was done using BACT/ALERT 3D (BioMerieux, Marcy I’Etoile, France) which uses a colorimetric sensor and reflects light to monitor the presence of carbon dioxide produced by micro-organisms. This yielded Hafnia alvei in all three samples after 72 hours of incubation. Gram stain done showed presence of Gram negative bacilli and subculture was done on MacConkey and 5% sheep agar incubated at 37 0 C for 18-24 hours. Identification of isolates was done with standard biochemical test and confirmed with API 20 E identification system (BioMerieux, Marcy I’Etoile, France). Antibiotic sensitivity was done using the modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method (Oxoid, Cambridge, UK). At most five antibiotic discs were used for each isolate and these were incubated at 370C for 24 hours. Isolates were sensitive to fluoroquinolones, cefepime and meropenem. Patients received intravenous antibiotics for two weeks, phototherapy and exchange blood transfusion. They were subsequently discharged and are currently on follow up.

Discussion and Conclusion: Though rare, three infections with H. alvei were reported in this study. The isolates were sensitive to fluoroquinolones, cefepime and meropenem and resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam. The outcomes were improved by a high index of suspicion, early diagnosis, prompt institution of appropriate antibiotics and supportive care.
Removal of Dyes from Wastewater of Artisanal Dyeing Plants by Adsorption in a Fixed Bed Column of Deactivated Lichens
Authors: Dobi-Brice Kouassi Kouadio , Zoungranan Yacouba , Yannick Dje Daniel , Lynda Ekou , Tchirioua Ekou
Published: July 2021

Aims: Pollution by wastewaters from various urban activities such as artisanal dyeing plants is a real problem for developing countries. The treatment of wastewater by the adsorption method is carried out by means of less expensive and available adsorbent media. Two techniques of the adsorption method are possible: adsorption in continuous mode (column adsorption) and adsorption in discontinuous mode (batch adsorption). The choice of the continuous adsorption technique is justified by its ability to process large volumes of solutions. In this study, dyes contained in wastewater from artisanal dyeing plants were removed by continuous adsorption in a fixed-bed column of deactivated lichen biomass (Parmotrema dilatatum).

Study Design: Random design

Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Thermodynamics and Environmental Physico-Chemistry (University Nangui Abrogoua, Ivory Coast) between May 2020 and October 2020.

Methodology: Four (4) categories of wastewater were collected in artisanal cotton and leather dyeing plants through two municipalities of the city of Abidjan, economic capital of Ivory Coast. Two (2) wastewaters colored in blue from dyeing of cotton boubous and jeans and two (2) wastewaters colored in red from dyeing of leather jackets and bags. These wastewaters were treated through the fixed bed column of deactivated lichens. The column feed rate was set at 0, 07 L.min-1 and the adsorbent bed mass at 100 g.

Results: The study showed that, regardless of the nature of the dyed object and regardless of the target dye, the amount of dye adsorbed was better with waters of higher initial concentration. Thus the best amount of adsorbed dye is 44.444 mg.g-1 and the best removal rate is 97.9%. These values are obtained with the red wastewater of bags (RWB) treatment which was the most concentrated wastewater.

Conclusion: Good efficiency of deactivated lichen bed as adsorbent for the in situ removal of dyes from wastewater by continuous adsorption.