bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel method of radiographic image enhancement based on phase symmetry
Authors: Chang Yasheng , Gao Jianmin , Jiang Hongquan , Wang Zhao
Published: October 2019

In many important industrial machines, such as nuclear power equipment and steam turbines, the weld quality affects the overall safe operation of the equipment. Although many artificial intelligence (AI)-based technologies are applied to defect recognition using radiographic images,
at present the final decision is still made based on human visual inspection. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the radiographic images to aid the inspection process. In this paper, a method for radiographic testing (RT) weld image enhancement based on phase symmetry, which is based on
the principles of human vision, is proposed. Phase symmetry does not depend on the greyscale and contrast information of an image, so it is suitable for RT images with low greyscale values and low contrast. To evaluate the proposed method, 260 RT images acquired by a professional radiographic
film digitiser (JD-RDT) and general international RT weld images are used. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can enhance both weld seam and marking information (numbers, letters and symbols), this being suitable for human visual inspection. The proposed method is compared with
commonly used methods and the comparison results show that the proposed method achieves an improvement over state-of-the-art methods.
Early prediction of fracturing failure for bolted joints based on enhanced metal magnetic memory
Authors: Qiu Zhongchao , Hong Li , Yao Zhenjing , Yang Jingsong , Zhang Ruilei
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to promote the engineering application of the metal magnetic memory (MMM) method, which is prone to interference from disturbing external magnetic fields. For this purpose, an enhanced MMM approach is proposed that highlights and enhances the useful magnetic signals
through deliberate enhancement of the external field excitation, with the aim of improving the sensitivity and reliability of the detection system. Bearing in mind the non-linearity of the magnetic permeability curves for ferromagnetic materials, the feasibility of the enhanced MMM method
is qualitatively analysed from a theoretical perspective and a real-time monitoring system is established to monitor the damage state of bolted joints based on the enhanced MMM method. The established system is then applied to the early prediction of the fracturing positions at the bolt holes.
The results show that the enhanced MMM method can effectively and accurately predict the fracturing positions. The research findings lay a solid basis for the engineering application of the MMM method.
Şanlıurfa Yöresinde Doğal Yayılış Gösteren Eminium (Blume) Schott (Araceae Juss.) Cinsine Ait Taksonların Anatomik ve Morfolojik Yönden İncelenmesi
Authors: AKAN Hasan , ÇEÇEN Cahit , BALOS Mehmet Maruf
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, Şanlıurfa’da doğal yayılış gösteren
Araceae Juss. Familyasının Eminium (Blume) Schott cinsine ait türlerinin
morfolojik ve anatomik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Şanlıurfa’da yapılan
floristik çalışmada Eminium intortum (Banks & Sol.) Kuntze, E. rauwolffii  (Blume) Schott
ve E. spiculatum (Blume)
Schott’un doğal
yayılış gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Toplanan türler herbaryum standartlarına uygun olarak kurutulmuş ve
morfolojik ölçümler yapılmıştır. Yapılan ölçümler ‘Resimli Türkiye Florası’ ve
‘Flora of Turkey’ ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Anatomik çalışmalar parafin yöntemi
modifiye edilerek yapılmıştır. Anatomik çalışmalarda el kesitleri de
alınmıştır. Çalışılan taksonların kök, skapa ve yaprak anatomileri
incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada ele alınan skape anatomisinde; E.
spiculatum ve E. intortum’da
epidermisin altında belirli aralıklarla dizilmiş kollenkima hücre kümeleri
gözlenmiştir. E. rauwolffii’de
kollenkimatik hücre kümeleri gözlenmemiştir. Yaprak anatomisinde her üç türde
de Epidermiste stoma hücreleri mezomorf ve amfistomatik’tir. Stoma tipi
anomositik ve parasitik stomadır.
Diyarbakır Koşullarında Ana Ürün Yerfıstığı Yetiştiriciliğinde Tek ve Çift Sıralı Ekim Yöntemlerinin Verim ve Önemli Tarımsal Özelliklere Etkisi
Authors: YAŞLI Şevder , İŞLER Necmi , ŞAHİN Cenk Burak
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışma, Diyarbakır
koşullarında ana ürün yerfıstığı yetiştiriciliğinde tek ve çift sıralı ekim
yöntemlerinin verim ve bazı tarımsal özelliklerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla
2014 yılında Dicle Üniversitesi araştırma alanında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada,
Halisbey yerfıstığı çeşidi materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Tesadüf blokları
deneme desenine göre 3 yinelemeli olarak kurulmuştur. Sıra üzeri 20 cm sabit
olmak üzere, 60 cm, 70 cm, 80 cm ve 90 cm tek sıralı ve 60x25x60 cm, 70x25x70
cm, 80x25x80 cm ve 90x25x90 cm çift sıralı yöntemler ile ekim yapılmıştır.
Çalışmada; meyve verimi (kg da-1), bitki başına meyve sayısı (adet
bitki-1), 100 tohum ağırlığı (g), 100 meyve ağırlığı (g), I. ve II.
kalite meyve sayısı oranları (%), ıskarta meyve sayısı oranı (%), yağ oranı (%)
gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre, en yüksek meyve
verimi 60x25x60 cm ekim yönteminden (601.83 kg da-1), en yüksek
meyve sayısı ise 80 cm ekim yönteminden (48.68 adet bitki-1) elde
edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, bitki yoğunluğu azaldıkça bitki başına
meyve sayısında bir artış görülürken, bitki sayısı ve yoğunluğu arttıkça dekara
meyve veriminde artış sağlandığı belirlenmiştir. En yüksek meyve verimi için
çift sıralı ekim yöntemlerinin (özellikle 60x25x60 cm) tercih edilmesi daha iyi
olacaktır.
Indicadores de políticas agropecuarias: Nicaragua
Authors:   Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
Published: October 2019

La siguiente infografía presenta un resumen del sector agropecuario de Nicaragua. En ella, se presentan las principales características del sector, como su contribución al PIB y al empleo, y el crecimiento de su productividad. Además, se muestra los principales indicadores de apoyo al sector a través de políticas públicas, como el apoyo total (EAT%), el apoyo que reciben los productores individualmente (EAP%), el apoyo a los consumidores agropecuarios (EAC%), y el apoyo a través de servicios generales (EASG%).
How Benign is Endometriosis: Multi-Scale Interrogation of Documented Evidence
Authors: D Ghosh , G Anupa , Bhat MA  , J Bharti , Mridha AR  , Sharma JB  , Roy KK  , Sengupta J
Published: October 2019

Endometriosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of endometrium-like tissue outside the uterus primarily on pelvic organs and tissues. It affects up to 15% of women in the reproductive age group and is often associated with pelvic pain and subfertility. Different theories explain how retrograde menstruation gives rise to endometrial deposits at ectopic sites, and how several other factors are involved in the progression of the disease. Its final diagnosis is established through direct visualization at laparoscopy or surgery followed by histological confirmation. Available epidemiological reports along with histopathological observations and molecular studies shed interesting light on the pathogenetic basis of different variants of the disease like deep infiltrating endometriosis and ovarian endometriosis. Evidence also suggests that endometriosis is a neoplastic condition which serves as a precursor of ovarian and endometrial cancers. In the present review, we have attempted to take a stock of the current epidemiological and molecular knowledge regarding endometriosis associated cancers and develop a model of functional network with interactions among critical genomic factors regulating cellular processes leading to fibrotic reaction. It is being conjectured that cyclic bleeding associated with inflammatory and oxidative stress followed by repeated tissue injury and repair along with recurrent estrogenic stimulation and ovulatory events in the pelvic environment bring about the complex phenotype of atypical endometriosis and associated neoplasm with a trade-off malignant transformation in high risk population. Finally, we have presented an algorithm for pre-emptive monitoring and management of endometriosis-associated cancers.
dogs
Authors: Madonna
Published: October 2019

a story of dogs
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE LEGAL CULTURE OF FUTURE ECONOMIC BACHELOR
Authors: S. Sovhira , O. Bezliudnyi , Y. Pidlisnyi
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The article deals with the problem of the formation of the legal culture of bachelors in economics through conducting a pedagogical experiment.

Methodology: Conducting a pedagogical experiment required the study of the structure of the legal culture of the future bachelor of economics considered by us through the prism of the "block" method, on the basis of which three criteria were identified - motivational-value (MV), cognitive-informational (CI), activity-behavioral (AB) formation of legal culture Bachelor of Economics.

Result: the growth of the quantitative indicators of the formation of the legal culture of future bachelors in economics in the EG regarding the CG shows the effectiveness of the process of forming the legal culture of students in the EG.

Applications: This research can be used for bachelors and students in economics.

Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the legal culture of future economic bachelor is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
PECULIARITIES OF NATIONAL INTERESTS INSTITUTIONALIZATION IN THE NORTH AMERICAN TRADITION: HISTORY AND MODERNITY
Authors: S. Belyaeva Galina , P. Belyaev Valeriy , B. Bidova Bela , A. Dyumina Arina , N. Kuksin Ivan
Published: October 2019

Purpose: This article is devoted to the analysis of characteristics of national interests’ institutionalization in the North American tradition, namely the evolution of their legal consolidation and the practice of implementation in modern conditions. Methodology: The methodological basis of the present research is based on the application of various general scientific methods of scientific knowledge (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, system-structural, formal-logical approaches), as well as particular scientific methods, i.e. historical-legal, formal-legal, comparative-legal, and interpretative. Result: The characteristics of the North American approach to the issues of strategic planning and the development of program documents in the field of ensuring national interests are established, systematized, and characterized by the content of US National Security Strategies of past decades, in terms of securing national interests in them and areas of their implementation. Applications: This research can be used for universities and students in history. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of national interests institutionalization in the North American tradition is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
METHODS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL OF A UNIVERSITY GRADUATE
Authors: L. N. Kharchenko , R. M. Abdulgalimov , D. V. Gulyakin , E. N. Sorokina , N. N. Kharlanova , R. M. Magomedova , O. V. Pergun
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The article presents the author's approach to assessing the human capital of a graduate of a regional university. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the problem of assessing of human capital is especially acute for pedagogy, since the contribution of education to the formation of human capital is one of the determining factors, and the contribution of pedagogy to the study of the pedagogical aspects of this phenomenon is extremely small.

Methodology: The authors propose a methodology and technology for assessing human capital. In particular, it was proposed to use an integrated approach to the assessment of human capital of a graduate of a regional university, the essence of which is to add the absolute values of indicators of individual components of capital, and then based on the data calculate the relative indicator of the quality of human capital.

Result: The result of training and the main goal of improving the quality of training of specialists at a regional university will be to ensure the minimum deviation of the level of the human capital of the graduate achieved during the period of study at the university, from the level of human capital established by regulatory requirements.
Effect of Temperature on Stability of Lipid Microbubbles
Authors: KİLİC Sevgi
Published: October 2019

The effect of temperature on
stability of lipid microbubble shell containing polyethyleneoxide-40-stearate
(PEG40St) as emulsifier was investigated. Microbubbles at 4 °C were
subjected to different temperatures up to 48 ºC
(down-to-up) and it was found that both the number and the size of microbubbles
remained unchanged in the population up to a certain time, so called “onset
time”. The onset time was about 6 hrs at 10 °C, 2 hrs at 20 °C and shorter at
elevated temperatures, exhibiting an exponential decrease with increasing
temperature. Once the onset time was reached, the number of microbubbles
started to decrease and the average size of the population started to increase.
Observation of single microbubbles on a constant temperature heating stage exhibited
that each microbubble had its own onset time, with the smaller microbubbles
vanishing earlier than the larger ones. The Langmuir monolayer studies showed
that hydration degree of the emulsifier PEG chains decreased with temperature, causing
them go through conformational changes and subsequently destabilization of the
shell. By subjecting the freshly produced microbubbles directly to the desired
temperatures in up-to-down fashion, more stable microbubbles were able to be
produced, with their onset time increased 40% at 10 °C to 500% at 38 °C.
Overall, the results suggest that the new strategies need to be developed to
control the collapse process in the microbubble shell resulting from the
conformational changes in the PEG chains of the emulsifier for the design of
more stable microbubbles.
STRATEGI GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIFITAS PROSES PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATA PELAJARAN SEJARAH KELAS X IPS DI MAN 1 MALANG
Authors: Astuti Erfa Ila Fuji
Published: October 2019

The importance of teachers’ strategy in the learning process is inseparable from the occurrence of several obstacles faced by the students. It is especially related to History subject. This subject is well-known for its numerous theories and stories. Thus, to make the teaching and learning process effective and to prevent boredom during the class activity, the teachers must apply the suitable strategies in teaching, particularly for history subject. The writer has formulated the objectives of this study, namely: (1) to describe the strategies which is usually use in the history of learning process (2) to describe the strategies implementation chosen by teachers to improve the learning process effectiveness of History subject for the Tenth graders of Social Science class in MAN 1 Malang, (3) to describe the obstacles faced by teachers when the learning process takes place. The results of the study show that, (1) the strategy commonly used is the use of receptive, inquiry, jigsaw and think pair share methods (2) the process of implementing the strategies chosen by the teacher to improve the learning process effectiveness of the History subject given for Tenth graders of Social Science class in MAN 1 Malang undergo several stages. Those are the planning stage that is making lesson plans; the implementation stage, which is a preliminary stage in which the teacher checks the students’ attendance and provides stimulus to students; and the core stage where the teacher uses a variety of learning methods that have been selected such as lecture, inquiry, think pair share, and jigsaw, (3) The obstacles faced by the teacher when the learning process takes place are the students themselves. The examples are the students’ skill to comprehend the material, students’ character, some passive students and noisy students.  

Keywords: teacher strategy; learning  effectiveness; history subject
CONVENTIONAL INDIRECTNESS STRATEGIES ON REQUEST USED BY MALE AND FEMALE SPEAKERS IN SPOKEN BRITISH NATIONAL CORPUS
Authors: Indriarti Tantri Refa , Mawarni Yulia R.
Published: October 2019

This study aims at analysing conventional indirectness strategies on request used by British English speakers as shown in spoken British National Corpus (BNC). Conventional indirect strategy is often rated as the most polite expression of politeness. In this case, male and female obviously have different strategies for making the request, which may be influenced by some factors. A qualitative approach was employed to conduct this study since the data are the utterances produced by male and female speakers in spoken BNC. The study revealed that there were 187 utterances that contain Conventional Indirectness Strategies on request used by male and female speakers in spoken BNC. Ability conditions was the strategy of conventional indirect request that mostly used by the male and female speakers. Then, the three factors (i.e. gender, age, and social class) have an effect and significant role on the speaker’s choice of strategies employed by British English speakers. As this study is focused on the indirect request strategies, thus it is suggested to the next researchers who are interested in the same study could be expected to conduct the indirect request strategies by adding more factors.

 
“I could have written my autobiography where I figure as a regime’s victim, a successful careerist, a talent not completely realized, and a mediocrity that fulfilled its potential to the max”. Interview with Igor Kon
Authors: Shalin Dmitry N.
Published: September 2019

This interview is the last in the series of conversations between Dmitri Shalin and Igor Semenovich Kon (1928–2011), recorded between 1990 and 2008. The present conversation took place in Las Vegas, U.S.A., 26–28 May 2008. The text reproduces a portion of the interview where I.S. Kon talks about his career and assesses his contribution to social science. The interview reflects the author’s interest in the biographical sources of sociological imagination and biocritical hermeneutics – a research program articulated in the online projects International Biography Initiative (IBI) and The Erving Goffman Archives (EGA). The conversation sheds new light on Kon’s scholarly activity in the soviet and postsoviet periods, helping us understand this major figure in the Russian social science as he casts critical glance on his professional career, reflects on inevitable compromises he had to make with the authorities, and reveals the impact that the generational shift had on his work and life.
La necesaria construcción de un sistema público de pensiones para la sociedad mexicana
Authors: Ramírez Berenice
Published: October 2019

A partir de los indicadores que utiliza la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) en su estudio y publicación Reversing Pension Privatizations Rebuilding: Public Pension Systems in Eastern Europe and Latin America (2018) se evalúan los sistemas de pensiones en México, para situar la discusión acerca de las siguientes preguntas: ¿la privatización ha sido un fracaso?, ¿se requiere reversión de la privatización o solamente reformas al actual sistema?, ¿sería suficiente? o ¿habría que construir un integral sistema de pensiones públicas? Para situar las posibles respuestas, se presenta el diagnóstico y la situación actual de los sistemas de pensiones en México, así como los principales retos y escenarios para la sociedad mexicana, ante la ausencia e insuficiencia de pensiones en un contexto de mayoritaria informalidad en el empleo, bajos ingresos y envejecimiento demográfico.
Analysis of the Versatility of Multi-linear Softening Functions Applied to the Simulation of the Fracture Behaviour of Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Materials
Authors: Enfedaque Alejandro , Alberti Marcos G. , Galvez Jaime C.
Published: October 2019

Fibre reinforced cementitious materials (FRC) have become an attractive alternative for structural applications. Among such FRC, steel and polyolefin fibre reinforced concrete and glass fibre reinforced concrete are the most used ones. However, in order to exploit the properties of such materials structural designers need constitutive relations that reproduce FRC fracture behaviour accurately. This contribution analyses the suitability of multilinear softening functions combined with a cohesive crack approach for reproducing the fracture behaviour of the FRC previously mentioned. The implementation performed accurately simulates the fracture behaviour while being versatile, robust and efficient from a numerical point of view.
Climate Change and Farmer’s Adaptative Practices in Paddy Production: Evidence Of Rural Hilly Nepal
Authors: Bista Raghu
Published: October 2019

Climate change is a buzzword in the world. Scientist has approved it as global warming with its projection of undesired and unpredicted frequent extreme events and their vulnerabilities not only at present but also at future. There is an assumption of occurrence of adaptive capacity and behavior of farmers in agriculture production activity at some extent to neutralize climate change vulnerabilities of flood and landslides on paddy production. This paper empirically examines the effects of climate change in paddy production and farmer’s adaptive behaviors to neutralize such climatic shocks and events in paddy production by employing CD production function based econometric model. The study employed primary data collected through 642 household surveys. The study finds that climatic shocks and events have huge loss (60%) in paddy production and revenue income in such plot where farmers have not indigenous knowledge and practices. But both small and larger farmers who have adaptive capacity and behavior with their indigenous knowledge have less loss in paddy production and revenue income, although they have heterogeneity in their socio-economic characteristics (income, asset holding, literacy, experience, land holding and age). The farmers who have used adaptive behavior have indigenous knowledge and experiences including bamboo wall construction to control flood and landslides and seed change to resist climatic shocks and events. In hilly region, the farmers have not sufficient alternative measures, except both adaptive measures because of their poverty, illiteracy and remote locations. The study finds their higher effective level to minimize vulnerabilities to paddy production and revenue per farm plot, although these adaptive behaviors are cost effective and local entity. Comparatively, bamboo wall construction is more effective measure in the paddy production than others are (seed switch) to minimize the flooding materials from the flood and the landslides. Thus, low cost indigenous adaption behavior of farmers is effective measure to climate change and climate change induced disasters and events vulnerability in paddy production.
Characteristic and Diversity Vegetation of Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park as Dietary Sources for Reintroduced Sumatran Orang Utan (Pongo abelii Lesson)
Authors: Kuswanda Wanda , Barus Sriyanti P.
Published: October 2019

The population of Sumatran orang utan in natural habitat has been declined and threatened with extinction. The orang utanreintroduction program is expected to increase breeding and population in nature. This study aimed to analyze the important value index of vegetation as well as the diversity and abundance species of Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park (BTNP) as dietary sources for reintroduced Sumatran orang utan. The research was conducted during two years from 2015 to 2016. The data collection for flora characteristics is done through the vegetation analysis with strip transects method. Plots were selected by stratification method based on the resort management and the land cover, like primary and secondary forests. Total flora species on a plot of 2.8
ha were identified about 301 species. The highest variation found in Suo-Suo Resort (139 species) and the lowest in Talang Lakat  Resort (82 species). The dominant species have been found were Eugenia grandiflora O. Berg, Macaranga lowii King ex Hook.f., Shore iliginosa Foxw., and Tarrietia rubiginosa Kostern. Vegetation chararacteristic to be identified were tree density of 350-552.5 individuals/ha, species diversity index of 2.86-4.19, and abundance index of 32.1087.35. It also identified that vegetation characteristic among resort and land cover were different (p <0.05). Moreover, there were about 110 species of tree plants including of 31 families that found as dietary sources for orang utan and leaves became the highest plant parts which consumed by orang utans (41.8%) compared to other parts. Based on area size, ecosystem types as well as vegetation composition and variation, BTNP may support the increasing population of orang utans. However, there needs to be considered that other
aspects such as high human activity within the conservation area, particularly by Talang Mamak tribe communities, may cause unsuccessful achievement on reintroduction program of orang utan.
The Effectiveness of Pyrethrum, Neem, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae Against Brown Plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.)
Authors: Kardinan Agus , Wahyono Tri Eko , Tarigan Nurbetti
Published: October 2019

Brown plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) is the main pest on rice cultivation.  Synthetic insecticides application had negative impact to the human health and environment. The research objective was aimed to examine the effectiveness of botanical (pyrethrum and neem) and bio-insecticides (Beauveria bassiana/Bb and Metarhizium anisopliae/Ma) against brown plant hopper. Research was conducted at Entomology Laboratory of Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor in 2017. Trial consisted of two activities: the effectiveness of botanical and bio-insecticides to brown plant hopper mortality and horizontal transmission of bio-insecticides on brown plant hoppers. Botanical pesticide tested was (1) pyrethrum I (5 ml.l-1 water ), (2) pyrethrum II (5 ml.l-1 water), (3) neem I (20 ml.l-1 water), (4) neem II (20 ml.l-1 water), (5) synthetic insecticide (2 ml.l-1 water) and (6) control.  Bio-insecticide treatments were (1) Bb (spraying, 2.5 ml/plant), (2) Bb (granule, 5 g/pot), (3) Ma (spraying, 2.5 ml/plant), (4) Ma (granule, 5 g/ pot) and (5) control.  Treatments of horizontal transmission was the ratio of infected : healthy brown plant hopper 1 : 10; 2 : 10; 3 : 10 and 4 : 10. Botanical insecticides were prospective to suppressing brown plant hopper population of 85-87 % (pyrethrum) and   60-70 % (neem).   B.  bassiana was able  to   suppress   brown   plant     hopper population (18.2%), better than   M. anisopliae (5.6 %). Biological insecticide application by contact (spraying) was better than applied in granules form.  Botanical insecticide application showed no horizontal transmission from infected to healthy insect. Botanical insecticide (pyrethrum and neem) was more prospective than bio-insecticide (B. bassiana and M. anisopliae) in controlling brown plant hopper. 
Technique of Performance Improvement of the Microprocessor-Based Protection Measuring Element
Authors: Romaniuk F. A. , Rumiantsev V. Yu. , Novash I. A. , Rumiantsev Yu. V.
Published: October 2019

The technique is proposed to improve the performance of the measuring element of microprocessor-based protection and its implementation is considered at the software level. Two factors mainly influence on the performance of the measuring elements of microprocessorbased protection of electrical installations. The first one is associated with the appearance of aperiodic and harmonic components in the measured signals due to transients and nonlinearity of the electrical installation elements, and the second–with the inertia of information processing algorithms, in particular–with analog and digital filtering. This leads to the fact that the signal determining time at the output of the measuring element is delayed to unacceptable values that in some cases makes the high-speed protection of electrical equipment ineffective. To solve this problem, it is proposed to form the output signal of the measuring element in the form of special equivalent signals, which are a function of the pre-calculated correction factor and orthogonal components of the controlled signal. In the MatLab-Simulink dynamic modeling environment a mathematical model of the developed measuring element has been implemented, as well as a model of the elements of the power system. Checking the functioning of the model of the measuring element was carried out with the use of 2 types of test effects, viz. a sinusoidal signal with a frequency of 50 Hz (idealized effect), as well as a signal close to the real secondary current of the current transformer in case of short circuit. Computational experiments carried out in relation to the current measuring element using harmonic and close-to-real test effects made it possible to reveal a significant (up to 2 times) increase in the performance of the proposed measuring element as compared to existing ones based on the implementation of the discrete Fourier transform.
The Evaluation of Impact of Cable Power Lines on the Environment
Authors: Korotkevich M. A. , Azarov S. N.
Published: October 2019

The thermal impact of cable power lines and structural materials of cables on the environment has been considered. A quantitative evaluation of the thermal impact of electrical cables with cross-linked polyethylene insulation on the environment was carried out using the Elcut program. Analysis of the temperature field near the loaded cable line of 10 kV demonstrated high values of soil temperature that negatively affects its redox potential and living organisms. To evaluate the environmental impact of electrical cable materials, an approach has been developed that takes into account not only the toxicity of the materials but also their volumetric content in the cable. Cable lines with cables with traditional paper-oil insulation cause more damage to the environment than cable lines with cables, insulated with crosslinked polyethylene. The environment, in turn, also has an impact on the electrical cables: the values of long-term permissible load currents depend on the ambient temperature (when laying cables in the open air, in an earthen trench or in cable rooms). The impact of solar radiation on the thermal conditions of the electric cable is estimated. A comparative analysis of the complex environmental impact of electric cables with traditional insulation and insulation of crosslinked polyethylene demonstrated that unarmored cable with crosslinked polyethylene insulation at a voltage of 10 kV (regardless of the type of its shell) causes less damage to the environment than the same traditional cable throughout the considered temperature range on their surfaces.
Structural-and-Parametric Optimization of Automatic Control System for Power Units of 300 MW in Wide Range of Load Variations
Authors: Artsiomenka K. I.
Published: October 2019

The structural-parametric optimization of the automatic control system for power units (ACSPU) of 300 MW of Lukoml’skaya GRES (Lukoml Local Condensing Power Plant) in the mode of both the permanent and the variable superheated steam pressure upstream of the turbine is under consideration. During 1974–1979, eight units of the Lukoml’skaya GRES implemented the ACSPU with a leading boiler power control. At the moment, these systems no longer meet all the frequency control quality requirements. In 2016, the daily schedule of electric loads of the Belarusian power system was as follows: the basic part of the schedule of electric loads was covered by combined heat and power plants (CHP) and by mini-CHP (which are the least maneuverable of the power plants), the semi-peak part of it–by local condensing power plants (Lukoml’skaya GRES and Berezovskaya GRES), the peak part–by import electric energy from neighboring power systems. However, this year the first unit of the Belorussian NPP will be put into operation, while the second one–in 2020. After the launch of the Belorussian NPP, it will cover basic part of load curve; CPPs will cover the semi-peak part, while the peak part of load curve will be covered by local condensing power plants. Correspondingly, due to the alteration of the structure of daily schedule of electric loads of the Belarusian power system, it is necessary to improve the efficiency of power units of Lukoml’skaya GRES as well as of the entire Lukoml’skaya GRES in general. This can be achieved with the help of the method of parametric optimization of the typical ACSPU proposed in the present paper. As a result, the quality of control of power and pressure upstream of the turbine will be improved; the flow of fuel will be reduced, as well as the turbine regulation valve displacement; environmental performance of entire power plant will be improved, too. The proposed technique has been confirmed by the results of computer simulation of transient processes in the automatic control system under external and internal disturbances.
Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals mechanisms of low pollen-pistil compatibility during water lily cross breeding
Authors: Sun Chun-Qing , Chen Fa-Di , Teng Nian-Jun , Yao Yue-Mei , Shan Xi , dai zhongliang
Published: October 2019

Background: In water lily ( Nymphaea ) hybrid breeding, breeders often encounter non-viable seeds, which make it difficult to transfer desired or targeted genes of different Nymphaea germplasm. We found that pre-fertilization barriers were the main factor in the failure of the hybridization of Nymphaea . The mechanism of low compatibility between the pollen and stigma remains unclear; therefore, we studied the differences of stigma transcripts and proteomes at 0, 2, and 6 hours after pollination (HAP). Moreover, some regulatory genes and functional proteins that may cause low pollen-pistil compatibility in Nymphaea were identified.
Results: RNA-seq was performed for three comparisons (2 vs 0 HAP, 6 vs 2 HAP, 6 vs 0 HAP), and the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was 8,789 (4,680 were up-regulated), 6,401 (3,020 were up-regulated), and 11,284 (6,148 were up-regulated), respectively. Using label-free analysis, 75 (2 vs 0 HAP) proteins (43 increased and 32 decreased), nine (6 vs 2 HAP) proteins (three increased and six decreased), and 90 (6 vs 0 HAP) proteins (52 increased and 38 decreased) were defined as differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed that the DEGs and DEPs were mainly involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) metabolism , hydrogen peroxide decomposition and metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, secondary metabolism, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
Conclusions: Our transcriptomic and proteomic analysis highlighted specific genes, incuding those in ROS metabolism, biosynthesis of flavonoids, SAM metabolism, cell wall organization or biogenesis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis that warrant further study in investigations of the pollen-stigma interaction of water lily. This study strengthens our understanding of the mechanism of low pollen-pistil compatibility in Nymphaea at the molecular level, and provides a theoretical basis for overcoming the pre-fertilization barriers in Nymphaea in the future.
Evaluation of an online knowledge translation intervention to promote cancer risk reduction behaviours: findings from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Neil-Sztramko Sarah , Belita Emily , Levinson Anthony , Boyko Jennifer , Dobbins Maureen
Published: October 2019

Background

Many cancers are preventable through lifestyle modification; however, few adults engage in behaviors that are in line with cancer prevention guidelines. This may be partly due to the mixed messages on effective cancer prevention strategies in popular media. The goal of the McMaster Optimal Aging Portal (the Portal) is to increase access to trustworthy health information. The purpose of this study was to explore if and how knowledge translation strategies to disseminate cancer prevention evidence using the Portal influence participants’ knowledge, intentions and health behaviors related to cancer risk.Methods

Adults ≥40 years old, with no cancer history were randomized to a 12-week intervention (weekly emails and social media posts) or control group. Quantitative data on knowledge, intentions and behaviors (physical activity, diet, alcohol consumption and use of tobacco products) were collected at baseline, end of study and three months later. Participant engagement was assessed using Google Analytics, and participant satisfaction through open-ended survey questions and semi-structured interviews.Results

Participants (n = 557, mean age 64.9) were predominantly retired (72%) females (81%). Knowledge of cancer prevention guidelines was higher in the intervention group at end of study only. Intentions to follow cancer prevention guidelines increased in both groups, with no between-group differences. Intervention participants reported greater light-intensity physical activity at end of study, and reduced alcohol intake at follow up, but no other between-group differences were found. Overall satisfaction with the Portal and intervention materials was high.Conclusions

Dissemination of evidence-based cancer prevention information through the Portal improves knowledge of risk-reduction strategies and may impact self-reported health behaviours in particular groups. Further tailoring of knowledge translation strategies may be needed to see more meaningful change in knowledge and health behaviours.
Obesity in the fire service: An inside look at the perceptions of firefighters towards obesity and other health issues
Authors: Bucala Matthew , Sweet Elizabeth
Published: October 2019

Background Despite being an extremely physically demanding job, there exists a high prevalence of obesity for members of the fire service nationally based on recent studies. The fire service has a unique culture and environment that likely influences behaviors and attitudes among the members, and in turn impacts their health.Objectives Based on previous research we hypothesized that cultural and structural aspects of the fire service contribute to the rise in obesity among its members. The primary aims of this research project were: (1) to determine the current extent, or prevalence, of obesity among members of a large eastern US fire department (“X Fire Department”), and (2) to elucidate aspects of the physical and cultural environment that may contribute to obesity risk among members (specifically, diet, exercise, and sleep). Methods This two-phase, mixed-methods study involved conducting qualitative interviews with (n=17) members of the X Fire Department (Phase I) and collecting online questionnaire data (n=120) from a broader department-wide sample of 1,400 active members.Results The data gathered in Phase II indicated that out of the (n=120) members that participated in the study the average BMI was 29 with approximately 40% of the respondents falling into the category of obese. The data indicated that while overall diet and exercise has improved in the department in recent years there are still factors impacting the diet, exercise, and sleep levels of the members that contribute to risk for obesity and other adverse health conditions.Conclusion There are factors in the X Fire Department that are negatively impacting the members’ ability to eat, exercise, and sleep properly, which in turn we believe is directly attributable to the high percentage of obesity in our study. Our hope is that this research will highlight the areas that require immediate action and to add to existing research in order to instill in a change in other fire departments nationally.
Can the wet suction technique change the efficacy of EUS-FNA for diagnosing autoimmune pancreatitis type 1? A prospective single-arm study
Authors: Sugimoto Mitsuru , Takagi Tadayuki , Suzuki Rei , Konno Naoki , Asama Hiroyuki , Sato Yuki , Irie Hiroki , Watanabe Ko , Nakamura Jun , Kikuchi Hitomi , Takasumi Mika , Hashimoto Minami , Kato Tsunetaka , Hikichi Takuto , Notohara Kenji , Ohira Hiromasa
Published: October 2019

Background: Other than surgical biopsy, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is the only method for histologically diagnosing autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). However, adequate specimens are difficult to obtain. Recently, more adequate specimens were reported to be obtained with a wet suction technique (WEST) of EUS-FNA than with the conventional method of EUS-FNA. This study aimed to histologically diagnose AIP by EUS-FNA with a WEST. Methods: Eleven patients with possible type 1 AIP between February 2016 and August 2018 underwent WEST EUS-FNA (WEST group) with four punctures with 19 or 22 G needles. As a historical control, 23 type 1 AIP patients who underwent no fewer than four punctures with 19 or 22 G needles were selected (DRY group). Patient characteristics and histological findings were compared between the two groups. Results: Three histopathological items of the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria were significantly greater in the WEST group than the DRY group (n (%), lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate without granulocytic infiltration: 9 (81.8) vs 6 (26.1), p value=0.003, storiform fibrosis: 5 (45.5.) vs 1 (4.3), p value=0.008, abundant (>10 cells/HPF) IgG4-positive cells: 7 (63.6) vs 5 (21.7), p value=0.026). Level 1 or level 2 histopathological findings were observed more in the WEST group than in the DRY group (n (%) 8 (72.7) vs 3 (13.0), p value=0.001). Conclusions: WEST EUS-FNA was more useful than standard EUS-FNA for histologically diagnosing AIP.Trial registration: UMIN000019768Date of registration: November 12, 2015
Prognostic Factors of Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma Patients After Surgical Resection
Authors: Liu Gangshan , Wu Shuodong , Zhao Jiannan , Li Xuecheng , Fan Ying
Published: October 2019

Background Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC)is one of the most common malignancies in China with poor prognosis and its incidence rate is increasing. Surgical resection is the most possible curative treatment option. However, comprehensive knowledge of prognostic markers is less or not accurate. So, the aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic factors in the surgical resection of HC patients.Material/Methods A retrospective analysis of 85 cases of HC patients attending our hospital between January 2014 and December 2018 were included in the study. The patients was follow-up history at July 2019. Cox proportional hazards model analysis was performed to identify indexes of prognosis. All indicators were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The significantly related prognostic factors are imaging staging,blood loss during surgery, lymphatic metastasis and tumor size,TNM stage, surgical mar­gin and level of carbohydrate antigen 19–9(CA19-9) in blood. Among them, TNM stage, surgical mar­gin and level of CA19-9 in blood are independent prognostic factors.Conclusions Good prognosis in hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients is indicated by early stages of TNM staging, no resection margin invaded and low level of CA19-9.
Awake Craniotomy vs Craniotomy Under General Anesthesia for Eloquent Glioma: Postoperative General Functional Preservation
Authors: Li Ying-Ching , Chiu Hsiao-Yean , Lin Ya-Jui , Chen Ko-Ting , Hsu Peng-Wei , Huang Yin-Cheng , Chen Pin-Yuan , Wei Kuo-Chen
Published: October 2019

Background Awake craniotomy (AC) with intraoperative stimulation mapping is the standard treatment for glioma, especially when present on the eloquent cortex. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether functional preservation after AC compromises patient survival as compared with craniotomy under general anesthesia (GA). Methods The medical records of 339 patients who underwent tumor resection surgery for gliomas from January 2010 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Among these patients, 62 underwent AC with intraoperative stimulation mapping. The primary outcome was the Eastern cooperative oncology group (ECOG) performance score at 3 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). A generalized linear model and the Cox proportional hazard model were used to evaluate potential factors influencing general functional status and progression-free survival.Results The newly-diagnosed disease AC and repeat-surgery groups were comparable in terms of sex, age, pathologic grade, extent of resection (EOR) and preoperative Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS). Among the patients with newly-diagnosed disease, the postoperative ECOG score of the AC group was significantly better than that of the GA group. Pathologic grade and the EOR determined the PFS and OS in both the AC and GA groups.Conclusion AC with intraoperative stimulation mapping is safe and allows maximal removal of lesions around the eloquent cortex. Greater preservation of neurologic function may have resulted in a better postoperative general functional status in the AC group.
Integrated analysis of 14 lymphoma datasets revealed high expression of CXCL14 promotes cell migration in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Liu Dahai , Qi Fei , Liu Wei , Liu Fang , Xun Yang , Chen Min-Min , Chen Xin , Yang Shu-Ting , Jiao Wen-Qiao , Li Zong-Ye , Yang Hua , Li Wen-Xing
Published: October 2019

Background
Lymphoma is accompanied by multiple immune functions impairment. Cytokines play an important role in a variety of immune-related functions and affect the tumor microenvironment. However, the exact regulatory mechanisms between them remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the cytokines expression and function in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Results
We performed a transcriptome integration analysis of 14 lymphoma datasets including 240 Hodgkin's lymphoma, 891 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 216 mantle cell lymphoma, and 64 health samples. The results showed that multiple immune function and signal pathway damage were shared by all the three types of lymphoma, and these functions were related to cytokines. Furthermore, through co-expression network and functional interaction network analysis, we identified CXCL14 as a key regulator and it affects cell chemotaxis and migration functions. Functional experiment showed that CXCL14 knockdown inhibited cell migration in MCL cell lines.
Conclusions
High expression of CXCL14 may aggravate MCL via promote cell migration. Our findings provide novel insights into the biology of MCL and would be helpful for the pathogenesis study and drug discovery of lymphomas.