bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Critically-Finite Dynamics on the Icosahedron
Authors: Crass Scott
Published: January 2020

A recent effort used two rational maps on the Riemann sphere to produce polyhedral structures with properties exemplified by a soccer ball. A key feature of these maps is their respect for the rotational symmetries of the icosahedron. The present article shows how to build such “dynamical polyhedra” for other icosahedral maps. First, algebra associated with the icosahedron determines a special family of maps with 60 periodic critical points. The topological behavior of each map is then worked out and results in a geometric algorithm out of which emerges a system of edges—the dynamical polyhedron—in natural correspondence to a map’s topology. It does so in a procedure that is more robust than the earlier implementation. The descriptions of the maps’ geometric behavior fall into combinatorial classes the presentation of which concludes the paper.
Symmetry Group Classification and Conservation Laws of the Nonlinear Fractional Diffusion Equation with the Riesz Potential
Authors: Belevtsov Nikita S. , Lukashchuk Stanislav Yu.
Published: January 2020

Symmetry properties of a nonlinear two-dimensional space-fractional diffusion equation with the Riesz potential of the order α ∈ ( 0 , 1 ) are studied. Lie point symmetry group classification of this equation is performed with respect to diffusivity function. To construct conservation laws for the considered equation, the concept of nonlinear self-adjointness is adopted to a certain class of space-fractional differential equations with the Riesz potential. It is proved that the equation in question is nonlinearly self-adjoint. An extension of Ibragimov’s constructive algorithm for finding conservation laws is proposed, and the corresponding Noether operators for fractional differential equations with the Riesz potential are presented in an explicit form. To illustrate the proposed approach, conservation laws for the considered nonlinear space-fractional diffusion equation are constructed by using its Lie point symmetries.
Problems of Creation and Usage of 3D Model of Structures and Theirs Possible Solution
Authors: Bartonek Dalibor , Buday Michal
Published: January 2020

This article describes problems that occur when creating three-dimensional (3D) building models. The first problem is geometric accuracy; the next is the quality of visualization of the resulting model. The main cause of this situation is that current Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software does not have sufficient means to precision mapping the measured data of a given object in field. Therefore the process of 3D model creation is mainly a relatively high proportion of manual work when connecting individual points, approximating curves and surfaces, or laying textures on surfaces. In some cases, it is necessary to generalize the model in the CAD system, which degrades the accuracy and quality of field data. The article analyzes these problems and then recommends several variants for their solution. There are described two basic methods: using topological codes in the list of coordinates points and creating new special CAD features while using Python scripts. These problems are demonstrated on examples of 3D models in practice. These are mainly historical buildings in different locations and different designs (brick or wooden structures). These are four sacral buildings in the Czech Republic (CR): the church of saints Johns of Brno-Bystrc, the Church of St. Paraskiva in Blansko, further the Strejc’s Church in Židlochovice, and Church of St. Peter in Alcantara in Karviná city. All of the buildings were geodetically surveyed by terrestrial method while using total station. The 3D model was created in both cases in the program AUTOCAD v. 18 and MicroStation.
Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Profiling of Volatile Compounds Reveals Metabolic Changes in a Non-Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Induced by 5-Azacytidine
Authors: Song Fengqin , Geng Qingru , Wang Xuewei , Gao Xiaoqing , He Xiaona , Zhao Wei , Lan Huahui , Tian Jun , Yang Kunlong , Wang Shihua
Published: January 2020

Aspergillus flavus is one of the most opportunistic pathogens invading many important oilseed crops and foodstuffs with such toxic secondary metabolites as aflatoxin (AF) and Cyclopiazonic acid. We previously used the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine to treat with an AF-producing A. flavus A133 strain, and isolated a mutant (NT) of A. flavus, which displayed impaired abilities of AF biosynthesis and fungal development. In this study, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was used to reveal the metabolic changes between these two strains. A total of 1181 volatiles were identified in these two strains, among which 490 volatiles were found in these two strains in vitro and 332 volatiles were found in vivo. The NT mutant was found to produce decreasing volatile compounds, among which most of the fatty acid-derived volatiles were significantly downregulated in the NT mutant compared to the A133 strain, which are important precursors for AF biosynthesis. Two antioxidants and most of the amino acids derived volatiles were found significantly upregulated in the NT mutant. Overall, our results reveal the difference of metabolic profiles in two different A. flavus isolates, which may provide valuable information for controlling infections of this fungal pathogen.
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Subviral Particles as Protective Vaccines and Vaccine Platforms
Authors: Ho Joan Kha-Tu , Jeevan-Raj Beena , Netter Hans-Jürgen
Published: January 2020

Hepatitis B remains one of the major global health problems more than 40 years after the identification of human hepatitis B virus (HBV) as the causative agent. A critical turning point in combating this virus was the development of a preventative vaccine composed of the HBV surface (envelope) protein (HBsAg) to reduce the risk of new infections. The isolation of HBsAg sub-viral particles (SVPs) from the blood of asymptomatic HBV carriers as antigens for the first-generation vaccines, followed by the development of recombinant HBsAg SVPs produced in yeast as the antigenic components of the second-generation vaccines, represent landmark advancements in biotechnology and medicine. The ability of the HBsAg SVPs to accept and present foreign antigenic sequences provides the basis of a chimeric particulate delivery platform, and resulted in the development of a vaccine against malaria (RTS,S/AS01, MosquirixTM), and various preclinical vaccine candidates to overcome infectious diseases for which there are no effective vaccines. Biomedical modifications of the HBsAg subunits allowed the identification of strategies to enhance the HBsAg SVP immunogenicity to build potent vaccines for preventative and possibly therapeutic applications. The review provides an overview of the formation and assembly of the HBsAg SVPs and highlights the utilization of the particles in key effective vaccines.
In Vitro Susceptibility of Mastitis Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Mastitis Cases on Northern German Dairy Farms
Authors: Bolte Josef , Zhang Yanchao , Wente Nicole , Krömker Volker
Published: January 2020

The present research study investigated the susceptibility of common mastitis pathogens—obtained from clinical mastitis cases on 58 Northern German dairy farms—to routinely used antimicrobials. The broth microdilution method was used for detecting the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 51), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (n = 54), Streptococcus uberis (n = 50), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 85), non-aureus staphylococci (n = 88), Escherichia coli (n = 54) and Klebsiella species (n = 52). Streptococci and staphylococci were tested against cefquinome, cefoperazone, cephapirin, penicillin, oxacillin, cloxacillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefalexin/kanamycin. Besides cefquinome and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, Gram-negative pathogens were examined for their susceptibility to marbofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The examined S. dysgalactiae isolates exhibited the comparatively lowest MICs. S. uberis and S. agalactiae were inhibited at higher amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cephapirin concentration levels, whereas S. uberis isolates additionally exhibited elevated cefquinome MICs. Most Gram-positive mastitis pathogens were inhibited at higher cloxacillin than oxacillin concentrations. The MICs of Gram-negative pathogens were higher than previously reported, whereby 7.4%, 5.6% and 11.1% of E. coli isolates had MICs above the highest concentrations tested for cefquinome, marbofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, respectively. Individual isolates showed MICs at comparatively higher concentrations, leading to the hypothesis that a certain amount of mastitis pathogens on German dairy farms might be resistant to frequently used antimicrobials.
Technical and Agronomical Assessment of the Use of Desalinated Seawater for Coastal Irrigation in an Insular Context
Authors: Monterrey-Viña Adrián , Musicki-Savic Ana , Díaz-Peña Francisco J. , Peñate-Suárez Baltasar
Published: January 2020

The growing need for alternative water resources for irrigation has led to advanced technological developments, which are addressing some of the challenges that our planet is facing regarding the water supply. The Canary Islands Archipelago (Spain) is a singular territory with several years of desalination experience while using desalinated seawater (DSW) for agricultural purposes. The current paper will address the conducted research of one of the case studies done into the Horizon 2020 project MAGIC, with the aim of analyzing the use of DSW for crop production in the Southeast of Gran Canaria Island. A methodology of surveying farmers in the area has been put in practice, as well as an assessment of potential soil degradation risks that are related to DSW irrigation (with fifteen years of DSW data). Additionally, local good practices to improve the DSW quality for irrigation are discussed. This study demonstrates an excellent endorsement of the surveyed farmers in the studied area regarding the use of DSW for irrigation: the strategy of combining this type of water with other water resources, such as groundwater and/or reclaimed water is very frequent and it can guarantee water and food security in the island’s territory.
Phosphorus Removal and Carbon Dioxide Capture in a Pilot Conventional Septic System Upgraded with a Sidestream Steel Slag Filter
Authors: Claveau-Mallet Dominique , Seltani Hatim , Comeau Yves
Published: January 2020

The objective of this work was to demonstrate the removal of the phosphorus and carbon dioxide capture potential of a conventional septic system upgraded with a sidestream steel slag filter used in recirculation mode. A pilot scale sidestream experiment was conducted with two septic tank and drainfield systems, one with and one without a sidestream slag filter. The experimental system was fed with real domestic wastewater. Recirculation ratios of 25%, 50% and 75% were tested. Limestone soils and non-calcareous soils were used as drainfield media. The tested system achieved a satisfactory compromise between phosphorus removal and pH at the effluent of the septic tank, thus eliminating the need for a neutralization step. The phosphorus removal efficiency observed in the second compartment of the septic tank was 30% in the slag filter upgraded system, compared to −3% in the control system. The slag filter reached a phosphorus retention of 105 mg/kg. The drainfield of non-calcareous soils achieved very high phosphorus removal in both control and upgraded systems. In the drainfield of limestone soil, the slag filtration reduced the groundwater phosphorus contamination load by up to 75%. The removal of chemical oxygen demand of the drainfields was not affected by the pH rise induced by the slag filter. Phosphorus removal in the septic tank with a slag filter was attributed to either sorption on newly precipitated calcium carbonate, or the precipitation of phosphate minerals, or both. Recirculation ratio design criteria were proposed based on simulations. Simulations showed that the steel slag filter partly inhibited the biological production of carbon dioxide in the septic tank. The influent alkalinity strongly influenced the recirculation ratio needed to raise the pH in the septic tank. The recirculation mode allowed clogging mitigation compared to a mainstream configuration, because an important part of chemical precipitation occurred in the septic tank. The control septic tank produced carbon dioxide, whereas the slag filter-upgraded septic tank was a carbon dioxide sink.
Sensibility Analysis of the Hydraulic Conductivity Anisotropy on Seepage and Stability of Sandy and Clayey Slope
Authors: Yu Shuyang , Ren Xuhua , Zhang Jixun , Wang Haijun , Zhang Zhitao
Published: January 2020

Evaluation of slope stability under rainfall is an important topic of Geotechnical Engineering. In order to study the influence of anisotropy ratio (kr = kx/ky) and anisotropy direction (α) on the seepage and stability of a slope, the SEEP/W and SLOPE/W modules in Geo-studio were utilized to carry out the numerical analysis of a homogeneous slope in Luogang District, Guangzhou City, China, which is based on the theory of unsaturated seepage and stability. Two kinds of soils (clay and sand) were included. Results show that: For sandy soil slope, the increase of kr promotes the rainfall infiltration, and the decrease of α prevents the rainfall infiltration. The maximum water content of the surface (MWCS) reaches maximum with the increase of kr and α. The rising height of groundwater (RHG) is −3–4 m and the safety factor (SF) is 1.3–1.7. For clayey soil slope, variations of kr and α have little impact on the seepage characteristics and slope stability. The MWCS remains almost the same. The rainfall infiltration depth (RID) is 0.5–1 m and the SF is about 1.7. Therefore, for sandy soil slope, it is not only necessary to consider the influence of kr, but also the influence of α. For clayey soil slope, it can be treated as isotropic material to simplify calculation.
Reliability Analysis of Activated Sludge Process by Means of Biokinetic Modelling and Simulation Results
Authors: Andraka Dariusz
Published: January 2020

Analysis of wastewater treatment plant reliability is a difficult process, therefore it is often limited to selected aspects, e.g., mechanical reliability of equipment or technological availability of the process. The research presents a method of combining the above mentioned aspects in order to determine the complex operational availability index (CAVO). A hypothetical technological system with activated sludge (AS) in a typical layout (denitrification-nitrification) was selected for the studies. A number of operational scenarios have been developed, taking into account the possible mechanical failures of system components. Computer simulations with the use of Activated Sludge Model No.1 (ASM1), performed for selected scenarios allowed the determination of a complex operational availability of the system. Obtained results confirm high reliability of AS system in terms of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) removal (CAVO > 0.96) and indicate the necessity of further research in order to determine representative value of reliability of total nitrogen removal (from the study, CAVO-Ntot < 0.4) and to evaluate other technological solutions in terms of their complex reliability.
A Non-Uniform Broadcast Fertilization Method and Its Performance Analysis under Basin Irrigation
Authors: Zhang Kai , Bai Meijian , Li Yinong , Zhang Shaohui , Xu Di
Published: January 2020

The broadcast fertilization method is widely used under basin irrigation in China. A reasonable broadcast fertilization method can effectively improve application performance of fertilization and reduce pollution from non-point agricultural sources. In this study, firstly, a non-uniform broadcast fertilization method and a non-uniform application coefficient were proposed. The value of non-uniform application coefficient is defined in this paper. It represents the ratio of the difference between the maximum and the average fertilization amount of fertilizer applied on the basin surface to the average fertilization amount of fertilizer applied on the basin surface. Secondly, field experiments were conducted to study the movement characteristics of fertilizer under non-uniform broadcast fertilization for basin irrigation. Field experiment results showed that under the condition of basin irrigation, the non-uniform broadcast fertilization method could weaken the non-uniform distribution of fertilizer due to erosion and transport capacity of solid fertilizer by irrigation water flow, which could significantly improve the uniformity of soil solute content. Thirdly, the solute transport model for broadcast fertilization was corroborated by the field experiment results. The variation rule of fertilization performance with non-uniform application coefficient under different basin length and inflow rate was achieved by simulation. The simulation results showed that fertilization uniformity and fertilization storage efficiency increased first and then decreased with the increase of non-uniform application coefficient. In order to be practically applicable, suitable irrigation programs of non-uniform application coefficient under different basin length and inflow rate conditions were proposed by numerical simulation.
Benefits of Water-Harvesting Systems (Jessour) on Soil Water Retention in Southeast Tunisia
Authors: Calianno Martin , Fallot Jean-Michel , Ben Fraj Tarek , Ben Ouezdou Hédi , Reynard Emmanuel , Milano Marianne , Abbassi Mohamed , Ghram Messedi Aziza , Adatte Thierry
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we quantify the water balance of Jessour at the scale of agricultural plots. Jessour (plural of Jesr) are ancestral hydro-agricultural systems in the Dahar plateau (southeastern Tunisia). They consist of small dams built across wadis and gullies, which retain rainwater and sediments, hence enabling cropping. Despite arid climate conditions, Jessour allow the culture of the olive tree beyond its ecological limits. Weather monitoring stations were set up and soil moisture sensors installed down to a depth of 1.25 m in the soil in two neighboring gullies in the village of Zammour: one with a Jesr and one without. Laser granulometry and organic matter analyses were carried out on samples collected near the soil moisture sensors. Measurements were recorded from 28 September 2017 to 21 September 2018. From 10 to 12 November 2017, the region received 123.3 mm rainfall. The Jesr retained the equivalent of 410.3 mm of soil moisture to a depth of 1.25 m whereas the value in the gully was 224.6 mm. Throughout the summer of 2018, the soil available water capacity (AWC) remained above 55 mm in the Jesr, while it dropped to zero in the gully. Jessour are thus very suitable hydro-agricultural systems to face the climate changes concerning this fragile region, located in the transition zone between the semi-arid to arid Mediterranean region and the Sahara.
Interactions between Microalgae and Bacteria in the Treatment of Wastewater from Milk Whey Processing
Authors: Marazzi Francesca , Bellucci Micol , Fantasia Tania , Ficara Elena , Mezzanotte Valeria
Published: January 2020

Milk whey processing wastewaters (MWPWs) are characterized by high COD and organic nitrogen content; the concentrations of phosphorus are also relevant. A microalgal-based process was tested at lab scale in order to assess the feasibility of treating MWPW without any dilution or pre-treatment. Different microalgal strains and populations were tested. Based on the obtained results, Scenedesmus acuminatus (SA) and a mixed population (PM) chiefly made of Chlorella, Scenedesmus, and Chlamydomonas spp. were grown in duplicate for 70 days in Plexiglas column photobioreactors (PBRs), fed continuously (2.5 L culture volume, 7 days hydraulic retention time). Nutrient removal, microalgae growth, photosynthetic efficiency, and the composition of microalgal populations in the columns were monitored. At steady state, the microalgal growth was similar for SA and PM. The average removal efficiencies for the main pollutants were: 93% (SA), 94% (PM) for COD; 88% (SA) and 90% (PM) for total N; and 69% (SA) and 73% (PM) for total P. The residual pollution levels in the effluent from the PBRs were low enough to allow their discharge into surface waters; such good results were achieved thanks to the synergy between the microalgae and bacteria in the CO2 and oxygen production/consumption and in the nitrogen mineralization.
Multiple Temporal Scales Assessment in the Hydrological Response of Small Mediterranean-Climate Catchments
Authors: Fortesa Josep , Latron Jérôme , García-Comendador Julián , Tomàs-Burguera Miquel , Company Jaume , Calsamiglia Aleix , Estrany Joan
Published: January 2020

Mediterranean-climate catchments are characterized by significant spatial and temporal hydrological variability caused by the interaction of natural as well human-induced abiotic and biotic factors. This study investigates the non-linearity of rainfall-runoff relationship at multiple temporal scales in representative small Mediterranean-climate catchments (i.e., <10 km2) to achieve a better understanding of their hydrological response. The rainfall-runoff relationship was evaluated in 43 catchments at annual and event—203 events in 12 of these 43 catchments—scales. A linear rainfall-runoff relationship was observed at an annual scale, with a higher scatter in pervious (R2: 0.47) than impervious catchments (R2: 0.82). Larger scattering was observed at the event scale, although pervious lithology and agricultural land use promoted significant rainfall-runoff linear relations in winter and spring. These relationships were particularly analysed during five hydrological years in the Es Fangar catchment (3.35 km2; Mallorca, Spain) as a temporal downscaling to assess the intra-annual variability, elucidating whether antecedent wetness conditions played a significant role in runoff generation. The assessment of rainfall-runoff relationships under contrasted lithology, land use and seasonality is a useful approach to improve the hydrological modelling of global change scenarios in small catchments where the linearity and non-linearity of the hydrological response—at multiple temporal scales—can inherently co-exist in Mediterranean-climate catchments.
Hydraulic Modeling of Beaver Dams and Evaluation of Their Impacts on Flood Events
Authors: Neumayer Michael , Teschemacher Sonja , Schloemer Sara , Zahner Volker , Rieger Wolfgang
Published: January 2020

There is a general agreement on the impact of beaver dams regarding the increasing diversity of habitats and the improvement of the water quality, whereas the retention effect during flood events is still being discussed. In this study, we modeled 12 beaver dam cascade scenarios in two catchments for eight flood events with a two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic model. The implementation of the potential cascades in the model is based on the developed three-stage model for predicting location-dependent dam cascades in Bavaria. A Bavaria-wide questionnaire regarding dam occurrences and characteristics in combination with a detailed survey of 51 dams was used to set up a prediction scheme. It was observed that beaver dams are most likely built in rivers with riparian forest, with widths from 2 to 11 m and depths smaller than 1 m. The hydraulic model results showed larger inundation areas (>+300%) for the beaver dam scenarios. There is a noticeable peak attenuation and translation for elevated peak discharges (five times the annual mean discharge: up to ≤13.1% and 2.75 h), but no remarkable effect could be observed for flood events with return periods of more than 2 years. We conclude from the results that beaver dam cascades can have an impact on runoff characteristics, but do not lead to relevant peak reductions during flood events and therefore cannot be counted as flood mitigation measure.
Fostering creativity through servant leadership: Mediating role of knowledge sharing, thriving at work and burnout
Authors: Sheikh Adnan Ahmed , Ishaq Qurat-ul-Ain , Inam Aneeq
Published: January 2020

Today, innovation and its association with leadership are dubiously one of the key challenges faced by the Pakistani banking sector. However, lack of investigation on this issue has led to examining the effect of servant leadership in fostering employee creativity through the mediating role of knowledge sharing, thriving at work and burnout. Further, the study framework was established from theories, namely the social exchange theory, social learning theory and conservation of resource theory. The purposive sampling technique was used to gather 286 useable responses. Findings obtained by using Smart PLS-SEM 3.0 which indicated a significant positive relationship of servant leadership with knowledge sharing, thriving at work, and employee creativity. The results also enlighten the positive relationship of knowledge sharing and thriving at work on employee creativity, and the significant negative relationship of servant leadership on burnout. Whereas, knowledge sharing and thriving at work mediates the relationship between servant leadership and employee creativity. Captivatingly, burnout remains insignificant between servant leadership and employee creativity. Thus, the study findings will redound to organizational benefits by enriching research on the area of servant leadership, which is in its infancy till now. However, the study will be useful for both organizations and employees to achieve desired outcomes.
Keywords: Servant leadership, knowledge sharing, thriving at work, burnout, employee creativity.
Authors: Cahyono Gunawan Rudi , Isworo Hajar , Ghofur Abdul , Riadi Joni
Published: January 2020

Aerodynamics on the vehicle body are the main things in a vehicle design plan. Vehicles that have good aerodynamics will have many advantages. In this study will discuss about aeorodynamic electric wasaka cars to find the value of the drag coefficient, the material used in the manufacture of wasaka electric cars is galvanized plate, the methods applied include body design and calculation using autodesk flow design software, the results of the analysis using software with a constant speed of 80 m / s will produce a drag coefficient of 0.66.

Keywords : Body, Aerodynamics, Drag Coefficient
THE EMERGENCE OF CYBER LITERATURE: A CHALLENGE TO TEACH LITERATURE FROM TEXT TO HYPERTEXT
Authors: Nanda Deri Sis , Susanto Susanto
Published: January 2020

In a digital era, people live in a cyberspace that they become part of modern society. The information that they have acquired is from the World Wide Web (WWW). This WWW has become an important medium for people in the world to disseminate information. Because of the technology of Web, cyber literature emerges. This study talks about the emergence of cyber literature which changes the way of reading and teaching in variousinstitutions. It becomes a challenge for people who teach literature because they should leave the printed text and move to the digital text as called hypertext. The existence of cyber literature also drives them change their style to analyze and criticize the work of literature. So, it becomes a challenge for them to teach literature from text to hypertext.
Landschaftslernen für den Spracherwerb
Authors: Boeynaems Brugman
Published: January 2020

In diesem artikel wird das lernen in der landschaft als rahmen verwendet, um den entwicklungscharakter des erwerbs der zweitsprache sowie des lehrens und lernens von fremdsprachen für die schüler besser zu verstehen. Diese prüfung umfasst die entwicklung von wissen, strategien und interessen in den stufen des landschaftslernens, nämlich akklimatisierung, kompetenz, kompetenz und fachwissen. Es wird ein überblick darüber gegeben, was wissen, strategien und interesse am erwerb der zweiten sprache und früheren empirischen untersuchungen, die diese entwicklungsvorstellungen stützen, einschließt. Schließlich werden richtlinien für zukünftige forschung und praktische implikationen im lichte des entwicklungscharakters der kompetenzentwicklung beim erwerb von zweitsprachen und beim lehren und lernen von fremdsprachen erörtert.
The extreme necessity and its importance in operational and investigative activities
Authors: Nikulenko Andrei
Published: January 2020

The article describes the role and place of circumstances precluding the criminality of the act in the criminal law of Russia. The authors demonstrate the possibilities of their regulatory function of law enforcement officers, in particular, employees of operational units of the internal Affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. The main emphasis is placed on the conditions of legality of causing harm in case of extreme necessity, as a circumstance precluding the criminality of the act, in the criminal law of Russia. The questions of application of the norm of extreme necessity and its correlation with the conditions of legality of operational search activities by law enforcement officers are touched upon. The current procedure of legal assessment of operational search activities is criticized. It is concluded that at present the harm to the interests protected by the criminal law during the operational search activities, from the point of view of its legality to the norms of the criminal legislation, can be justified only by extreme necessity. Due to the lack of relevant norms in the current criminal legislation, it is necessary to focus on the existing regulatory framework. It is noted that the legislation on operational-search activity of conditions of legality of causing harm, unfortunately, does not contain. Thus, its role in the regulation of such relations is minimal and does not meet the prevailing law enforcement practice. Possible solutions to these problems are proposed.
«Cases of urgency» in criminal procedure law and law enforcement practice
Authors: Alekseeva Elena
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the term «cases of urgency» which is applied in criminal procedure legislation of Russia. The content of this term is not defined in Criminal Procedure Code. For this reason in some law-enforcement situations investigators faces an issue if this particular case is a case of urgency or not. In the article the author tries to determine the essence of the term «cases of urgency» through interpretation of legal rules and analysis of investigative and court practice. Historical experience of term’s application was also considered. In the article special attention is paid to the grounds of contestation of the results of investigative measures, which were conducted in cases of urgency without court decision or in night time. Courts’ opinions regarding their legality were analyzed. On author’s opinion neither the definition of «case of urgency» nor its list should be formalized in law. Instead the author proposes focusing on standards of urgency elaborated by court practice taking into account the opinion of Plenum of the Supreme Court of Russian Federation. Also the problem of reasonability of investigative measures conducting in case of urgency without court decision in criminal cases of less and middle grade is raised. Based on research the author offers recommendations for practitioners which help them to determine if any particular situation is a case of urgency or not.
criminal trial, criminal prosecution, private prosecution, counter claim, connection of statements, private accuser, defendant
Authors: Titov Pavel
Published: January 2020

Introduction. In the presented article problems of acceptance and permission of counter claims for private prosecution are investigated. The matters in details were not considered in science of criminal procedure therefore have numerous gaps. Purpose. The purpose of article is formulation of legal essence of the counter claim and development of optimum theoretical model of permission of the counter claim along with initial one. Methodology. Article is based on the dialectic-materialistic method assuming studying of issues in total and an interconnection. Also special methods were applied: synthesis and analysis, induction and deduction, legallistic. Results. In article the standards of the criminal procedure law regulating an order of consideration and permission of counter claims are analyzed. Criteria of admissibility of connection of the counter claim with initial one are elaborated: indissoluble communication of the facts of reality and impossibility of the isolated research of the circumstances which are subject to proof. Offers on investment with the procedural status of participants of the trial are formulated. Authors of initial and counter statements have to be allocated at the same time with the statuses of the private accuser and defendant, investigative actions with them have to be made in the status of the defendant, without a warning of a criminal liability for standing mute and making obviously untruthful evidences.
Community policing as characteristic of the modern state governed by the rule of law
Authors: Lavrinovich Kirill
Published: January 2020

The relevance of the research topic are conditioned by the theoretical and practical significance of issues affecting the theoretical, methodological, sociopolitical and practical aspects of the problem of the interaction between the police and civil society institutions in the state governed by the rule of law. These questions are connected with the need to comprehend modern practice to develop new conceptual provisions and dogmatic decisions that are appropriate to the modern conditions. During historiographical analysis it was revealed that the experience of interaction between the police and civil society institutions in the modern states governed by the rule of law in the implementation of the law enforcement function of the state has not been adequately studied and evaluated. The object, subject and purpose of the study were determined in accordance with the current state of legal science. The object of the study was public relations that arise in the field of ensuring the protection of public order, freedom and security of society, state and individual. Police that carries out law enforcement activities on a professional basis and citizens who are actively involved in the implementation of the law enforcement function in the modern state are the subjects of these public relations. Ideas about the main directions and forms of cooperation between police and citizens in the implementation of the law enforcement function of modern states have formed the subject of research. The aim of the study was theoretical and legal analysis of the concept of community policing, which today is the basis for the interaction between the police and civil society institutions in the implementation of the law enforcement function in many modern states. The research methodology was a combination of general scientific (historical, systemic and functional) and special (formal-legal, historical-legal, sociological, comparative state science) methods. The result of the study was the conclusion that the concept of community policing is based on the activities of authorized police agencies to implement the law enforcement function in a modern state governed by the rule of law. These activities are aimed at implementing a model of social partnership and focused on solving specific problems that arise in society.
Respon imun benih ikan mas, Cyprinus carpio, yang diberi pakan probiotik Lactobacillus sp. dengan konsentrasi berbeda
Authors: Pangalila Novelia , Manoppo Henky , Tumbol Reiny A. , Lumenta Cyska , Kreckhoff Reni L. , Warouw Veibe
Published: January 2020

The research aimed to isolate probiotic bacteria from catfish intestine and assign the concentration of probiotic bacteria which effectively increase the activity of phagocytosis and total leukocytes of carp fingerlings. The fish was taken from Balai Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Pembudidayaan Ikan (BP3I) Tateli. Fish (average initial weight of 2.27 g) were acclimated for one week in 15 aquaria with a density of 25 fish/aquarium. One week after acclimatization, fish were fed with food added with probiotics with different concentrations, namely 1x106, 1x107, 1x108, 1x109 cfu/mL for four weeks. The dose of feed was 5% /body weight/day and feeding time was at 08.00 and 17.00. Data collected were phagocytosis and total leukocyte count. The results showed that supplementation of probiotic significantly increased phagocytic activity and total leukocytes (p<0.01). The best phagocytic activity and total leukocytes were achived in fish fed diet added with probiotics 1x108 cfu/mL. It can be concluded that supplementation of  probiotic onto feed can increase phagocytic activity and total leukocytes of carp.
Ascertaining Predictability Cognizance for the Prediction of Reference Evapotranspiration
Authors:   Center for Water Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Srivilliputtur, India., Poomalai Saravanan , Chandrasekaran Sivapragasam ,   Center for Water Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Srivilliputtur, India.
Published: January 2020

Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is a rudimental variable in the estimation of crop water requirement, and preparation of irrigation schedule. Prediction of ET0 is a necessitous one for estimation of crop water requirement in future time step. In this paper ET0 is predicted using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) by different inputs Like Temperature, Cloud cover, Vapor pressure, Precipitation and its combinations by various models. Before prediction, the predictability of all the input time series is calculated individually and the effect of predictability on prediction is analyzed in models having single predictor. In spite of inserting additional predictor in input, the reason for increase of Root mean squared error is justified in terms of predictability in the models having multiple predictors. Also it is seen that the performance of models with multiple predictors is better when compared to single predictor models in the estimation of ET0.
Microblaze-Based Coprocessor for Data Stream Management System
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, USA., Alqaisi Tareq S. , Balasubramanian Linknath Surya ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, USA., Yadav Avinash ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, USA., Lee John J. ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, USA.
Published: January 2020

Data generation speed and volume have increased exponentially with the boom in Internet usage and with the advent of Internet of Things (IoT). Consequently, the need for processing these data faster and with higher efficiency has also grown in-over time. Many previous works tried to address this need and among them is Symbiote Coprocessor Unit (SCU), an accelerator capable of providing speedup of up to 150x compared with traditional data stream processors. The proposed architecture aims to reduce the complexity of SCU, making it flexible and still retaining its performance. The new design is more software driven and thus is very easy to be altered in the future if needed. We have also changed the older interface to industrial standard PCIe interface and AMBA AXI4 bus interconnect in order to make the design simple and open for future expansions.
Examination of Control Parameters for Medical Grade Insulin Pump
Authors:   Research scholar, SENSE, VIT, Chennai and Assistant Professor, Dept of EIE, MSRIT,, Alamelu J. V. , Mythili  ,   Associate Professor, SENSE, VIT, Chennai
Published: January 2020

In this work, an attempt has been made to identify the appropriate parameters of Permanent Magnet Direct Current (PMDC) motor for infusion pump. PMDC motor plays important role in medical devices. In this, selection of parameters such as rotor inertia, armature resistance, armature inductance and back electro motive force constant is crucial that help to achieve the required speed. The proposed work uses PID controller (Proportional Integral Derivative) and LQG (Linear-Quadratic Gaussian) control algorithm to evaluate the parameters for transient response of the PMDC motor. It is demonstrated that the chosen parameters are able to reach the required speed with quick rise time by 0.691 seconds by employing LQG.
Disaggregation of Rainfall Time Series using Artificial Neural Network In Case Of Limited Data
Authors:   Center forWater Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Srivilliputtur, India, Poomalai Saravanan , Chandrasekaran Sivapragasam ,   Center for Water Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Srivilliputtur, India.
Published: January 2020

Temporal resolution of rainfall series needs to be necessarily less to use it in many engineering applications. But most of the simulated and observed rainfall series are coarser than 3hours. Hence, it is imperative to disaggregate coarser rainfall to finer. The quantum of necessary fineness depends on application in which the rainfall data is going to be used. In this paper, the competency of Artificial Neural Network to disaggregate 3 hour rainfall into hourly, in case of limited data is verified. It is found that the disaggregation is viable with the constraint of limited data also. The rainfall is disaggregated using three models, of which, performance of the second model is much better than the others. Nonetheless the constraint of limited data, the rationale behind the better performance of the second model, is clearly discussed
Regression Analysis by Taguchi Method on Strength of Weathered Crystalline Rock Sand Concrete
Authors:   Faculty, Ilahia College of Engg & Tech, Muvattupuzha & Research Scholar, KARE, Krishnankoil, India, Jamal Shaji M , Neelakantan T.R ,   Dept of Civil Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil 626126, India., Chokkalingam Ramesh Babu ,   Dept of Civil Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil 626126, India.
Published: January 2020

Due to industrialisation, large constructions are going on all over the world which in turn requires huge quantity of cement and sand. Cement manufacture is a main source of carbon-di-oxide emission to the atmosphere and quarrying of river sand produces scarcity as well as environmental problems. There are various waste products obtained from manufacture of other materials as well as from quarries, the handling of which is difficult and creates environmental issues. These waste materials can be used as a replacement for cement and sand. In this study weathered crystalline rock sand which is obtained from the soft outer portion of rock in quarries is used as replacement for river sand and Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag (GGBS) obtained from iron industry is used as replacement for cement to reduce the environmental impact as well as to help waste handling and reuse.
Use of Flat Ribbon like Electrode Geometry to Pole PVDF Piezoelectrics in Solution Processing
Authors:   Assistant Professor, E.C.E Department, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, India., Kodali Prakash
Published: January 2020

We study how ribbons of fluids subjected to electric fields can serve applications in energy harvesting. In particular the emphasis is on how the geometry (i.e. 2-D ribbons) can influence functionality. For applications related to energy harvesting, we consider the use of polymer Piezo-electric Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF). Corona poling, photo-induced, photo-thermal and electron beam poling are the different conventional techniques used for PVDF poling. The parallel plate capacitor structure made for poling the PVDF material while the PVDF is being cured. One key advantage of preparing PVDF is the ability of solution processing. Normally, the liquid is then spin coated on a substrate and left to dry. Either during the process of spin coating, or after drying - the film of PVDF is poled so as to align the dipoles and make a piezoelectric. We propose the use of a metal-insulator ribbon like electrode geometry to combine the process of fabrication and poling thereby making the process more efficient. On the application of a voltage across the electrodes, the voltage of Vs is developed across the fluid. This result in a field of Vs/d across the PVDF fills aiding the process of poling while the film is in liquid phase. Therefore the ribbon like geometry aids the use of PVDF piezo-electrics in two ways. Firstly, it makes the fabrication process efficient by combining the poling with the structure development. Secondly, the control of width (w) and length (l) aids the setup of the PVDF piezoelectric resonant frequency for a given thickness (d). This helps match the resonant frequency of the ribbon with the incoming low frequency vibration to improve the energy harvesting levels. Piezo-electrics can be used in submerged applications, large area PVDF energy scavengers, mechanical filters and sensors, rural electrification, and charging circuits for hand-held devices.
Self-compacting Concrete with Alccofine and Glass Fiber
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, India., Abraham Ranjan , Neelakantan T.R. ,   Civil Engineering Department, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, India., Babu C. Ramesh ,   Civil Engineering Department, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, India
Published: January 2020

Self consolidating concrete (S.C.C.) is a type of concrete which need not be provided any kind of external work for compaction and gets consolidated by own weight and thereby providing a lot of economic and technical benefits. It flows under own weight to completely fill forms and pass without segregation, through closely spaced reinforcement. Alccofine is a pozzolanic material and the ultrafine particles of Alccofine provide better workability, strength as well as the economy. Properties of M40 S.C.C. control mix was compared with S.C.C. mixes incorporating 1% of glass fiber and replacing different percentages (0%, to 15% by weight) of cement with Alccofine was studied. Optimum replacement of cement was assessed by studying properties in the fresh state and in the hardened state, and then comparing results with properties of control mix. Fresh state properties of S.C.C. were assessed by L box test, slump-flow test and V funnel test. Compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength tests were done to assess hardened state properties. Properties of S.C.C. in Fresh and hardened state were seen to be enhanced by addition of Alccofine and Glass fiber.
QoS-Based Two-Level user Scheduling Scheme for MU-MIMO Wireless LANs
Authors:   Department of ECE, GMR Institute of technology, Rajam, AP, India., Rao D. Srinivasa , Hency V. Berlin ,   School of Electronics Engineering, VIT, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: January 2020

The advances in physical layer technology has led to the performance upgradation of wireless local area networks (WLANs). More recently, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) is considered to be a key technology to enable high data rate transmission in WLANs. However, the actual benefit of this approach can be utilized, if there is an appropriate mechanism to select and schedule the users. Also, providing Quality of Service (QoS) support to user demands has become a major task in WLANs. In this paper, a two-level user scheduling approach for WLANs is discussed and its performance is evaluated using high-transmission rates with the assumption of frequency selective fading. For the purpose of comparison, some well-known medium access control (MAC) scheduling schemes are considered. It is shown that, the proposed scheme enhances throughput and achieves fairness among the users. Further, this scheme can be used to reduce contention during the acquisition of channel feedback.