bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sacituzumab Govitecan in patients with breast cancer brain metastases and recurrent glioblastoma: a phase 0 window-of-opportunity trial
Authors: Balinda Henriette U. , Kelly William J. , Kaklamani Virginia G. , Lathrop Kate I. , Canola Marcela Mazo , Ghamasaee Pegah , Sareddy Gangadhara R. , Michalek Joel , Gilbert Andrea R. , Surapaneni Prathibha , Tiziani Stefano , Pandey Renu , Chiou Jennifer , Lodi Alessia , Floyd John R. , Brenner Andrew J.
Published: August 2024

Sacituzumab Govitecan (SG) is an antibody-drug conjugate that has demonstrated efficacy in patients with TROP-2 expressing epithelial cancers. In a xenograft model of intracranial breast cancer, SG inhibited tumor growth and increased mouse survival. We conducted a prospective window-of-opportunity trial (NCT03995706) at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio to examine the intra-tumoral concentrations and intracranial activity of SG in patients undergoing craniotomy for breast cancer with brain metastases (BCBM) or recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM). We enrolled 25 patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with BCBM and rGBM to receive a single intravenous dose of SG at 10 mg/kg given one day before resection and continued on days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycles following recovery. The PFS was 8 months and 2 months for BCBM and rGBM cohorts, respectively. The OS was 35.2 months and 9.5 months, respectively. Grade≥3 AE included neutropenia (28%), hypokalemia (8%), seizure (8%), thromboembolic event (8%), urinary tract infection (8%) and muscle weakness of the lower limb (8%). In post-surgical tissue, the median total SN-38 was 249.8 ng/g for BCBM and 104.5 ng/g for rGBM, thus fulfilling the primary endpoint. Biomarker analysis suggests delivery of payload by direct release at target site and that hypoxic changes do not drive indirect release. Secondary endpoint of OS was 35.2 months for the BCBM cohort and 9.5 months for rGBM. Non-planned exploratory endpoint of ORR was 38% for BCBM and 29%, respectively. Exploratory endpoint of Trop-2 expression was observed in 100% of BCBM and 78% of rGBM tumors. In conclusion, SG was found to be well tolerated with adequate penetration into intracranial tumors and promising preliminary activity within the CNS. Trial Registration: Trial (NCT03995706) enrolled at Clinical Trials.gov as Neuro/Sacituzumab Govitecan/Breast Brain Metastasis/Glioblastoma/Ph 0: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03995706?cond=NCT03995706.
Atomic-precision control of plasmon-induced single-molecule switching in a metal–semiconductor nanojunction
Authors: Park Youngwook , Hamada Ikutaro , Hammud Adnan , Kumagai Takashi , Wolf Martin , Shiotari Akitoshi
Published: August 2024

Atomic-scale control of photochemistry facilitates extreme miniaturisation of optoelectronic devices. Localised surface plasmons, which provide strong confinement and enhancement of electromagnetic fields at the nanoscale, secure a route to achieve sub-nanoscale reaction control. Such local plasmon-induced photochemistry has been realised only in metallic structures so far. Here we demonstrate controlled plasmon-induced single-molecule switching of peryleneanhydride on a silicon surface. Using a plasmon-resonant tip in low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy, we can selectively induce the dissociation of the O–Si bonds between the molecule and surface, resulting in reversible switching between two configurations within the nanojunction. The switching rate can be controlled by changing the tip height with 0.1-Å precision. Furthermore, the plasmon-induced reactivity can be modified by chemical substitution within the molecule, suggesting the importance of atomic-level design for plasmon-driven optoelectronic devices. Thus, metal–single-molecule–semiconductor junctions may serve as a prominent controllable platform beyond conventional nano-optoelectronics.
Risk of stroke in male and female patients with atrial fibrillation in a nationwide cohort
Authors: Nielsen Peter Brønnum , Brøndum Rasmus Froberg , Nøhr Anne Krogh , Overvad Thure Filskov , Lip Gregory Y. H.
Published: August 2024

Female sex has been suggested as a risk modifier for stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with comorbid prevalent stroke risk factors. Management has evolved over time towards a holistic approach that may have diminished any sex difference in AF-related stroke. In a nationwide cohort of AF patients free from oral anticoagulant treatment, we examine the time trends in stroke risk overall and in relation to risk differences between male and female patients. Here we show that among 158,982 patients with AF (median age 78 years (IQR: 71 to 85); 52% female) the 1-year thromboembolic risk was highest between 1997–2000 with a risk of 5.6% and lowest between 2013–2016 with a risk of 3.8%, declining over the last two decades. The excess stroke risk for female vs male patients has also been declining, with risk-score adjusted relative risk estimates suggesting limited sex-difference in recent years.
Integrative radiomics clustering analysis to decipher breast cancer heterogeneity and prognostic indicators through multiparametric MRI
Authors: He Yongsheng , Duan Shaofeng , Wang Wuling , Yang Hongkai , Pan Shuya , Cheng Weiqun , Xia Liang , Qi Xuan
Published: August 2024

Breast cancer diagnosis and treatment have been revolutionized by multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (mpMRI), encompassing T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). We conducted a retrospective analysis of mpMRI data from 194 breast cancer patients (September 2019 to October 2023). Using ‘pyradiomics’ for radiomics feature extraction and MOVICS for unsupervised clustering. Interestingly, we identified two distinct patient clusters associated with significant differences in molecular subtypes, particularly in Luminal A subtype distribution (p = 0.03), estrogen receptor (ER) (p = 0.01), progesterone receptor (PR) (p = 0.04), mean tumor size (p < 0.01), lymph node metastasis (LNM) (p = 0.01), and edema (p < 0.01). Our study emphasizes mpMRI’s potential in breast cancer by using radiomics-based cluster analysis to categorize tumors, uncovering heterogeneity, and aiding in personalized treatment strategies.
Structural basis for processive daughter-strand synthesis and proofreading by the human leading-strand DNA polymerase Pol ε
Authors: Roske Johann J. , Yeeles Joseph T. P.
Published: August 2024

During chromosome replication, the nascent leading strand is synthesized by DNA polymerase epsilon (Pol ε), which associates with the sliding clamp processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) to form a processive holoenzyme. For high-fidelity DNA synthesis, Pol ε relies on nucleotide selectivity and its proofreading ability to detect and excise a misincorporated nucleotide. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of human Pol ε in complex with PCNA, DNA and an incoming nucleotide, revealing how Pol ε associates with PCNA through its PCNA-interacting peptide box and additional unique features of its catalytic domain. Furthermore, by solving a series of cryo-EM structures of Pol ε at a mismatch-containing DNA, we elucidate how Pol ε senses and edits a misincorporated nucleotide. Our structures delineate steps along an intramolecular switching mechanism between polymerase and exonuclease activities, providing the basis for a proofreading mechanism in B-family replicative polymerases.
Intuitive moral bias favors the religiously faithful
Authors: Dayer Alex , Aswamenakul Chanuwas , Turner Matthew A. , Nicolay Scott , Wang Emily , Shurik Katherine , Holbrook Colin
Published: August 2024

Belief in powerful supernatural agents that enforce moral norms has been theoretically linked with cooperative altruism and prosociality. Correspondingly, prior research reveals an implicit association between atheism and extreme antisociality (e.g., serial murder). However, findings centered on associations between lack of faith and moral transgression do not directly address the hypothesized conceptual association between religious belief and prosociality. Accordingly, we conducted two pre-registered experiments depicting a “serial helper” to assess biases related to extraordinary helpfulness, mirroring designs depicting a serial killer used in prior cross-cultural work. In both a predominantly religious society (the U.S., Study 1) and a predominantly secular society (New Zealand, Study 2), we successfully replicated previous research linking atheism with transgression, and obtained evidence for a substantially stronger conceptual association between religiosity and virtue. The results suggest that stereotypes linking religiosity with prosociality are both real and global in scale.
Utilization of RESOLV with polymer to produce prazosin hydrochloride nanoparticles and optimization of the process parameters
Authors: Ansari Eslam , Honarvar Bizhan , Sajadian Seyed Ali , Arab Aboosadi Zahra , Azizi Mehdi
Published: August 2024

In this study, rapid expansion of a supercritical solution into a Liquid Solvent (RESOLV) was used for the first time to produce pharmaceutical nanoparticles of Prazosin hydrochloride (PRH). The Taguchi method (robust design) was utilized to design the experiments and ensure obtaining the optimal process conditions. The pressure (15–25 MPa), temperature (308–328 K) and nozzle diameter (300–700 μm) effects on the morphology and size distribution of the resulting particles were also examined. The size of the particles decreased from about 40 μm to the range of (252–418 nm). FTIR, DLS, FESEM, XRD, DSC were used to characterize the primary and processed PRH particles. According to DSC investigations, RESOLV-produced PRH showed lower crystallinity than original PRH.
Monitoring of nanoplasmonics-assisted deuterium production in a polymer seeded with resonant Au nanorods using in situ femtosecond laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Kroó N. , Aladi M. , Kedves M. , Ráczkevi B. , Kumari A. , Rácz P. , Veres M. , Galbács G. , Csernai L. P. , Biró T. S.
Published: August 2024

In this brief report, we present laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) evidence of deuterium (D) production in a 3:1 urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) polymer doped with resonant gold nanorods, induced by intense, 40 fs laser pulses. The in situ recorded LIBS spectra revealed that the D/(2D + H) increased to 4–8% in the polymer samples in selected events. The extent of transmutation was found to linearly increase with the laser pulse energy (intensity) between 2 and 25 mJ (up to 3 × 1017W/cm2). The observed effect is attributed only to the field enhancing effects due to excited localized surface plasmons on the gold nanoparticles.
Effects of pacing strategy on metabolic responses to 2-min intense exercise in Thoroughbred horses
Authors: Takahashi Kenya , Mukai Kazutaka , Ebisuda Yusaku , Sugiyama Fumi , Yoshida Toshinobu , Hatta Hideo , Kitaoka Yu
Published: August 2024

Evidence suggests that positive pacing strategy improves exercise performance and fatigue tolerance in athletic events lasting 1–5 min. This study investigated muscle metabolic responses to positive and negative pacing strategies in Thoroughbred horses. Eight Thoroughbred horses performed 2 min treadmill running using positive (1 min at 110% maximal O2 uptake [V̇O2max], followed by 1 min at 90% V̇O2max) and negative (1 min at 90% V̇O2max, followed by 1 min at 110% V̇O2max) pacing strategies. The arterial-mixed venous O2 difference did not significantly differ between the two strategies. Plasma lactate levels increased toward 2 min, with significantly higher concentrations during positive pacing than during negative pacing. Muscle glycogen level was significantly lower at 1 and 2 min of positive pacing than those of negative pacing. Metabolomic analysis showed that the sum of glycolytic intermediates increased during the first half of positive pacing and the second half of negative pacing. Regardless of pacing strategy, the sum of tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites increased during the first half but remained unchanged thereafter. Our data suggest that positive pacing strategy is likely to activate glycolytic metabolism to a greater extent compared to negative pacing, even though the total workload is identical.
Evaluating multimodal AI in medical diagnostics
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Robert , Wilhelm Theresa Isabelle , Martin Ron , Roos Jonas
Published: August 2024

This study evaluates multimodal AI models’ accuracy and responsiveness in answering NEJM Image Challenge questions, juxtaposed with human collective intelligence, underscoring AI’s potential and current limitations in clinical diagnostics. Anthropic’s Claude 3 family demonstrated the highest accuracy among the evaluated AI models, surpassing the average human accuracy, while collective human decision-making outperformed all AI models. GPT-4 Vision Preview exhibited selectivity, responding more to easier questions with smaller images and longer questions.
Ultrafast magnetisation dynamics in a chromium-based Prussian blue analogue
Authors: Lewis Harry A. , Stonelake Thomas M. , Céspedes Oscar , Johansson J. Olof
Published: August 2024

An experimental framework comprising transient transmittance and time-resolved magneto-optical measurements was used to observe ultrafast photophysics and demagnetisation dynamics in thin films of mixed-valence Cr–Cr Prussian blue analogue.
CRISPR/Cas12a coupled with loop-mediated isothermal amplification and lateral flow assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection
Authors: Wang Yuer , Peng Yadan , Liu Sitong , Li Mengzhe , Pei Xiaojing , Tong Yigang
Published: August 2024

Point-of-care testing (POCT) is rapid, exhibits highly sensitive performance, can facilitate home self-testing and avoids cross-contamination.
Two flavors in adulterated sesame oil: discovery, confirmation, and content regularity study
Authors: Liu Chuan , Chen Yan-Qiu , Lin Hao , Shi Pei-Yu , Song Juan , Wu Wen-Lin , Xiao Quan-Wei , Dai Qin
Published: August 2024

The study of sulfurol and γ-nonalactone in adulterated sesame oil shows that the use of natural flavors to adulterate sesame oil complicates the identification of sesame oil, highlighting the need for further multi-dimensional research.
Highly bioactive triple-helical nano collagens for accelerated treatment of photodamaged skin
Authors: Shi Shuangni , Quan Siqi , Zhang Jingting , Ling Biyang , Yao Linyan , Xiao Jianxi
Published: August 2024

Highly bioactive nano collagens, featuring stable triple helical conformations and desired functional sequences, have been constructed to accelerate the healing of photodamaged skin by promoting collagen regeneration and fibroblast activation.
Pd-catalyzed CO-free double carbonylation for the synthesis of 1,4-ketoesters with Mo(CO)6 as the carbonyl source
Authors: Guo Wenting , Gong Houhong , Yuan Wei , Zhou Hualan , Tao Li , Zhu Jing
Published: August 2024

A Pd-catalyzed CO-free double carbonylation using Mo(CO)6 as safe carbonyl source toward 1,4-ketoesters has been developed. This method features operational safety, wide substrate range, good functional group compatibility and easy scale-up.
Controlled hydrolysis of AlMe3 to tetramethylalumoxane and a new look at incipient adducts with water
Authors: Korona Krzesimir , Justyniak Iwona , Pogrebetsky James , Lemieszka Marta , Bernatowicz Piotr , Pietrzykowski Antoni , Kubas Adam , Lewiński Janusz
Published: August 2024

We present a stochiometric route of AlMe3 hydrolysis to tetramethylalumoxane. Mechanistic studies by NMR and high-level calculations have revealed the role of neutral donor molecules.
Correction: First-principles calculations of interfacial thermal transport properties between SiC/Si substrates and compounds of boron with selected group V elements
Authors: Sun Zhehao , Yuan Kunpeng , Zhang Xiaoliang , Tang Dawei
Published: August 2024

Correction for ‘First-principles calculations of interfacial thermal transport properties between SiC/Si substrates and compounds of boron with selected group V elements’ by Zhehao Sun et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2019, 21, 6011–6020, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CP07516F.
Selective sensing of picric acid using a Zn(ii)-metallacycle: experimental and theoretical validation of the sensing mechanism and quantitative analysis of sensitivity in contact mode detection
Authors: Jaswal Vishakha , Pachisia Sanya , Chaudhary Jagrity , Rangan Krishnan , Sarkar Madhushree
Published: August 2024

A dinuclear metallocycle is used as an effective turn-off fluorescence sensor for selective detection of picric acid in DMSO and selective sensing of nitrophenols in solid state.
Correction: Vacancy induced microstrain in high-entropy alloy film for sustainable hydrogen production under universal pH conditions
Authors: Yang Yiyuan , Jia Zhe , Wang Qianqian , Liu Yujing , Sun Ligang , Sun Bo , Kuang Juan , Dai Shoujun , He Jianguo , Liu Sida , Duan Lunbo , Tang Hongjian , Zhang Lai-Chang , Kruzic Jamie J. , Lu Jian , Shen Baolong
Published: August 2024

Correction for ‘Vacancy induced microstrain in high-entropy alloy film for sustainable hydrogen production under universal pH conditions’ by Yiyuan Yang et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ee01139b.
Preparation of Li2+xInxZn1−xCl4+2x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) solid electrolyte and its application in all-solid-state Li-ion batteries
Authors: Thi Minh Nguyet Nguyen , Toan Tran Viet , Anh Luu Tuan , Thi Quynh Anh Luong , Tu Tran Anh , Phuc Nguyen Huu Huy
Published: August 2024

Relatively high ionic conductivity at room temperature. Compatible with high Ni active material LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2.
Monolith floatable dual-function solar photothermal evaporator: efficient clean water regeneration synergizing with pollutant degradation
Authors: Zhao Hongyao , Shang Danhong , Li Haodong , Aizudin Marliyana , Zhu Hongyang , Zhong Xiu , Liu Yang , Wang Zhenxiao , Ni Ruiting , Wang Yanyun , Tang Sheng , Ang Edison Huixiang , Yang Fu
Published: August 2024

Meeting the growing demands of attaining clean water regeneration from wastewater and simultaneous pollutant degradation has been highly sought after.
Near infra-red luminescent osmium labelled gold nanoparticles for cellular imaging and singlet oxygen generation
Authors: Watson Luke S. , Hughes Joseph , Rafik Salma T. , Muguruza Asier R. , Girio Patricia M. , Akponasa Sarah O. , Rochford Garret , MacRobert Alexander J. , Hodges Nikolas J. , Yaghini Elnaz , Pikramenou Zoe
Published: August 2024

Dual modality nanoprobes with enhanced theranostic properties are designed by decoration of gold nanoparticles with osmium complexes for imaging in the near-infrared and singlet oxygen production, leading to new localised therapy approaches.
Advanced nanomedicines for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Kwon Yong-Su , Han Zongchao
Published: August 2024

The critical and unmet medical need for novel therapeutic advancements in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cannot be overstated, particularly given the aging global population and the increasing prevalence of this condition.
Local hydroxide ion enrichment at the inner surface of lacunaris perovskite nanotubes facilitates the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Liu Lin-Bo , Liu Shuo , Tang Yu-Feng , Sun Yifei , Fu Xian-Zhu , Luo Jing-Li , Liu Subiao
Published: August 2024

Lacunaris perovskite oxide nanotubes were prepared by electrospinning, which significantly facilitated the adsorption of hydroxide ions and enriched their local concentration at the inner surface, collectively accelerating the OER kinetics.
Competitive horseradish peroxidase-linked aptamer assay for sensitive detection of 17β-estradiol with a new aptamer
Authors: Cheng Qiuyi , Zhao Qiang
Published: August 2024

A competitive horseradish peroxidase-linked aptamer assay for detection of 17β-estradiol is developed by using a new aptamer with high affinity.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Dynamics and rheology of vesicles under confined Poiseuille flow”’ by G. Coupier and T. Podgorski, Soft Matter, 2024, 20, DOI: 10.1039/D3SM01679J
Authors: Gou Zhe , Zhang Hengdi , Nait-Ouhra Abdessamad , Abbasi Mehdi , Farutin Alexander , Misbah Chaouqi
Published: August 2024

A 2D simulation captures quantitively the viscosity of a suspension of red blood cells (green line) reported experimentally (dashed line) in microcirculation where a typical structure of RBCs of red blood cells is shown on the figure.
A parallel array structured cobalt sulfide/nitrogen doped carbon nanocage/carbon fiber composite based on microfluidic spinning technology: a novel design to boost overall water splitting
Authors: Zhao Yige , Li Ting , Wang Qing , Ai Yinyin , Hou Ruohan , Habib Aneela , Shao Guosheng , Wang Feng , Zhang Peng
Published: August 2024

Using an innovative microfluidic spinning technology, a parallel array structured p-Co9S8/NC/CF composite electrocatalyst with high performance was synthesized.
A novel method for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis based on nanotechnology
Authors: Yang Ying , Pan Jiangpeng , Wang Aifeng , Ma Yongcheng , Liu Ying , Jiang Wei
Published: August 2024

The integration of nanotechnology and medicine is a significant trend in modern healthcare, with a particular focus on its utilization in atherosclerosis imaging, presenting immense potential for advancement.
Higher conductivity in doped ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) dimers with chalcogen-substituted end groups
Authors: Onozuka Kota , Fujino Tomoko , Miyamoto Tatsuya , Yamakawa Takashi , Okamoto Hiroshi , Akiba Hiroshi , Yamamuro Osamu , Kayahara Eiichi , Yamago Shigeru , Oike Hiroshi , Mori Hatsumi
Published: August 2024

Chalcogen substitution at the end groups of doped EDOT oligomers impacts on the crystal and electronic structures, enhancing their conducting properties.
Designing Cultural Adaptations of Caregiver-Implemented Interventions for Latinx Caregivers of Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication: Key Considerations
Authors: Soto Gloria , Vega Jennifer
Published: August 2024

Purpose:

Caregivers play a critical role in their children's development and serve as their primary communication partners. Family interactions provide the most naturally occurring opportunities for children with complex communication needs to learn language in the context of family routines. A growing body of research suggests that caregivers can effectively support their children's use of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems when provided with appropriate training and coaching through caregiver-implemented interventions (CIIs). However, the efficacy of these interventions remains untested among culturally and linguistically diverse caregivers. Given the increasing diversity in the United States, there is a pressing need to develop CIIs that align with the cultural and linguistic preferences of diverse families.

Method:

Using the Ecological Validity Framework and the Checklist for Cultural Adaptations, this tutorial explores considerations for culturally adapting caregiver-implemented AAC interventions for Latinx caregivers of children with AAC needs. The aim is to ensure that interventions are relevant, meaningful, and respectful of cultural and linguistic practices. Through carefully crafted cultural adaptations, interventions can achieve greater acceptance by caregivers.

Results and Discussion:

This tutorial suggests a series of cultural adaptations to ensure accessibility, sustainability, and success of caregiver-implemented AAC interventions for Latinx caregivers of children with AAC needs. By incorporating cultural and linguistic considerations into the intervention design, we can enhance its acceptability among Latinx caregivers. This, in turn, can lead to improved outcomes in AAC implementation within the home environment.
SDSS-V Local Volume Mapper (LVM): A glimpse into Orion
Authors: Kreckel K. , Egorov O. V. , Egorova E. , Blanc G. A. , Drory N. , Kounkel M. , Méndez-Delgado J. E. , Román-Zúñiga C. G. , Sánchez S. F. , Stringfellow G. S. , Stutz A. M. , Zari E. , Barrera-Ballesteros J. K. , Bizyaev D. , Brownstein J. R. , Congiu E. , Fernández-Trincado J. G. , García P. , Hillenbrand L. A. , Ibarra-Medel H. J. , Jin Y. , Johnston E. J. , Jones A. M. , Kim J. Serena , Kollmeier J. A. , Kong S. , Krishnarao D. , Kumari N. , Li J. , Long K. S. , Mata-Sánchez A. , Mejía-Narváez A. , Popa S. A. , Rix H.-W. , Sattler N. , Serna J. , Singh A. , Sánchez-Gallego J. R. , Wofford A. , Wong T.
Published: August 2024

Context. The Orion Molecular Cloud complex, one of the nearest (D = 406 pc) and most extensively studied massive star-forming regions, is ideal for constraining the physics of stellar feedback, but its ~12 deg diameter on the sky requires a dedicated approach to mapping ionized gas structures within and around the nebula.

Aims. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-V) Local Volume Mapper (LVM) is a new optical integral field unit (IFU) that will map the ionized gas within the Milky Way and Local Group galaxies, covering 4300 deg2 of the sky with the new LVM Instrument (LMV-I).

Methods. We showcase optical emission line maps from LVM covering 12 deg2 inside of the Orion belt region, with 195 000 individual spectra combined to produce images at 0.07 pc (35.3″) resolution. This is the largest IFU map made (to date) of the Milky Way, and contains well-known nebulae (the Horsehead Nebula, Flame Nebula, IC 434, and IC 432), as well as ionized interfaces with the neighboring dense Orion B molecular cloud.

Results. We resolve the ionization structure of each nebula, and map the increase in both the [S II]/Hα and [N II]/Hα line ratios at the outskirts of nebulae and along the ionization front with Orion B. [O III] line emission is only spatially resolved within the center of the Flame Nebula and IC 434, and our ~0.1 pc scale line ratio diagrams show how variations in these diagnostics are lost as we move from the resolved to the integrated view of each nebula. We detect ionized gas emission associated with the dusty bow wave driven ahead of the star σ Orionis, where the stellar wind interacts with the ambient interstellar medium. The Horsehead Nebula is seen as a dark occlusion of the bright surrounding photo-disassociation region. This small glimpse into Orion only hints at the rich science that will be enabled by the LVM.
One Health (Une seule santé) pour concevoir des alternatives crédibles aux défaillances des systèmes alimentaires
Authors: Duru Michel , Therond Olivier
Published: August 2024

Les politiques publiques parviennent difficilement à rendre les systèmes alimentaires plus sains et plus durables, en particulier parce que les enjeux environnementaux, agricoles, alimentaires et de santé sont souvent considérés séparément. Le concept de One Health a justement émergé pour raisonner conjointement l’ensemble de ces enjeux et trouver des solutions qui concernent à la fois la santé et l’environnement. Il repose sur un principe simple, selon lequel la protection de la santé de l’être humain passe par celle de l’animal et de leurs interactions avec l’environnement. Pour opérationnaliser le concept, nous proposons de considérer les organismes concernés (plantes, animaux, êtres humains, microorganismes), les échelles de temps et d’espace auxquelles les flux de matières ont lieu, ainsi que les niveaux de gestion qui les sous-tendent. Nous faisons l’hypothèse que cette approche, basée sur l’analyse des relations entre la gestion des agroécosystèmes et des élevages, l’alimentation humaine et leurs effets sur le système Terre (eau, sol, biodiversité…), permettrait de définir des politiques préventives et intégrées. Des exemples portant sur l’intensification de l’agriculture, les systèmes alternatifs, les controverses sur l’élevage et les évolutions à bas bruits de variables environnementales, sont examinés selon cette approche. Nous discutons des conditions du développement d’un récit mobilisateur d’acteurs territoriaux et des politiques publiques pour la promotion d’une approche systémique One Health dans laquelle l’alimentation est considérée comme un bien commun.
Measurements of spectral daylight variation in spaces: A case study
Authors: Kristiansen Tobias , Thiis Thomas , Burud Ingunn , Petersen Arnkell Jonas
Published: August 2024

This study investigates spectral daylight quality measured in a classroom within a time span of 30-minutes under clouded sky conditions. There is a characteristic difference between vertical and horizontal measured values, where the traditional vertical measurements tend to have greater peak wavelength irradiance reduction. The findings show the importance of considering multi-directional views when considering visual and non-visual light effects. The study indicates that spectral variations and spatiality should be considered when evaluating daylight, in contrast to the static methods commonly used to evaluated the quality of daylight in buildings. The study underscores the need for simulation tools and material databases to enhance the realism of spectral simulations and ultimately contribute to a more effective approach to indoor daylight quality, prioritizing occupant well-being.
Using a wearable micro-camera for dynamic glare evaluation: Corrections and verification assessment
Authors: Sepúlveda Abel , Karmann Caroline , Wienold Jan
Published: August 2024

Micro-cameras such as the ‘vision-in-package’ (VIP) can be used as a wearable for user-centric glare estimations. Yet, there is a lack of methodologies to use such head-mounted device and their outputs to obtain reliable glare evaluations. This paper focuses proposes a methodology for dynamic glare evaluation based on wearable micro-cameras. The methodology involves a novel image rotation algorithm and pixel overflow correction based the solar disk luminance measured using an HDR camera. We tested the methodology during an experiment where 21 participants were exposed to direct sunlight in an office-like set-up in Lausanne, Switzerland. For our dataset, the pixel overflow correction avoids an underestimation of the DGP metric in 94.8% of the cases. These corrections appear crucial for the correct estimation of glare using wearable VIP cameras.
Technical analysis of using a multi-storage system for a university campus: A case study of a Norwegian district heating system
Authors: Mohseni Pahlavan Hamed , Nord Natasa
Published: August 2024

The building sector accounts for 40% of the total energy use in the European Union. 80% of this use comes from space heating and domestic hot water systems. District heating (DH) systems make it possible to supply those demands by renewable energies, waste heat, and fossil fuel in a more efficient and environmentally friendly way. Peak load has a significant impact on the investment and operation cost of a DH system. Therefore, DH companies introduce DH price models that motivate heat users to reduce their peak load by charging for the heat rate extraction. The DH bill is divided into two parts: fixed and variable. The fixed part is counting for the extracted heat rate in kW, while the variable part is counting for the heat use in kWh. Depending on DH companies, some additional elements for volume or other expanses may be introduced. In this study, the focused was only on the two elements for the extracted heat rate and for the heat use, because they are taking the highest share of the DH bill. As a result of the above introduced approach for DH pricing models, introduction of thermal storage is a straightforward way for heat users to decrease their peak load. A DH system at a university campus in Norway is chosen as the case study. The entire system consisting of buildings, connection to a DH system, waste heat from the data center, and a multi-storage water tank (WT) was modeled in Modelica. In this study, instead of modeling the entire campus in one component, buildings are clustered, and one component modeled for each cluster of buildings. These clusters are based on heat demand profile of buildings. This could help to evaluate the performance of WT thermal storage system for different type of buildings. Result showed thermal storage system has better performance when it is implemented in a building with more fluctuation in heat demand. The system's peak is lower with a multistorage system compared to a single storage system. The main reason for this is reduced heat loss and improved adjustment in a multi-storage system.
Impact assessment of climate change on naturally ventilated residential buildings in Lebanon — Overheating risk under future climate scenarios
Authors: Younes Jaafar , Ghaddar Nesreen , Ghali Kamel
Published: August 2024

In light of current climate change and global warming, indoor overheating poses a significant risk. Buildings in the Mediterranean climate heavily rely on natural ventilation to maintain acceptable indoor thermal conditions. This reliance poses an increased risk to built environments in this region, particularly those occupied by low-income populations who cannot afford conditioning systems. This study assesses the thermal performance of typical residential buildings in Lebanon in response to future climate change, considering various emission scenarios and climate zones.

The study uses morphed future weather data and dynamic building simulations to assess indoor overheating and the potential for natural ventilation to establish comfortable indoor conditions. Findings indicate that indoor overheating occurrences in naturally ventilated apartments are expected to increase in both frequency and intensity in the future, across different emission scenarios, varying by climate. The risk of overheating was highest in inland region, followed by coastal then mountain regions. Regarding natural ventilation comfort hours, coastal climates saw a significant decrease (40% to 26% in the worst case), inland climates witnessed a slight reduction (27% to 23% in the worst case), and mountain climates observed a marginal increase (1% to 3%), accompanied by an increased risk of overheating during peak periods.
Hybrid energy system calculation tool for early stage building retrofit planning
Authors: Hirvonen Janne , Sormunen Piia
Published: August 2024

A dynamic Python-based calculation tool has been developed in the HybE project to calculate the hourly and life cycle impact of building hybrid energy systems. The model is fed with hourly energy consumption data and hourly weather data to perform parametric analysis for the emission and cost impacts of various hybrid energy systems. The tool can be used in the project definition phase to examine the potential of hybrid energy systems before a more detailed full building energy modelling with commercial tools.
Generative methods for optimizing daylight, electric lighting, energy use and carbon emissions
Authors: Ferreira Thiago , Shalaby Maha , Elbrrashi Hossam , Villar Isabel
Published: August 2024

Energy and daylight simulations can be computationally intensive and time consuming, especially if their main aim is to inform the design process in the early stages. In addition, the collaboration between different disciplines have become even more important to ensure that the building design can successfully reach low carbon and energy targets while ensuring good daylight levels. This research proposes an investigation about a new methodology to run both daylight and energy simulations simultaneously while optimizing the façade parameters to find the best solutions for good daylight, low energy demand and low carbon emissions from the energy use. Overall, the outcomes demonstrated that the support of multi-objective optimization engines could successfully assist in choosing between different facade solutions with high performance indicators. Moreover, it is possible to rank the different results according to their key performance indicator (KPI), so the architects have more options to choose.
Estimating the Long-Term Thermal Comfort Elasticities of Diverse Households
Authors: Willems Sara , Saelens Dirk
Published: August 2024

District energy systems simulation models are developed to investigate whether the demand-supply energy balance can be maintained despite the energy transition. To adapt these models to the future energy system, models of residential energy flexibility are required. We hypothesize that a quantification of households’ comfort elasticities is needed to model residential energy flexibility more accurately. Therefore, this study aims to identify diverse households’ long-term thermal comfort elasticities. Eight longitudinal mixed methods case studies with an explanatory sequential design were conducted in seven Belgian dwellings. Data were collected before and during the recent energy crisis. They include sensor measurements, a questionnaire, and follow-up interviews. All households show elasticities. Some differ the average set point temperature, the average heated volume to a limited extent, or the temperature of no more heating. Differences between households could be explained by differing household and dwelling characteristics.
The Impact of Commonly Overlooked Faults in Combined Heat Distribution Circuits: Analysis of Heat Meter Data
Authors: Van Minnebruggen Senne , Jacobs Stef , Verhaert Ivan , Hellinckx Peter
Published: August 2024

This study analyses the in-situ performance of Combined Heat Distribution Circuit systems and Heat Interface Units to address commonly overlooked faults. Using data from energy meters, including gas meters and automated heat meter readings from seven case studies in Antwerp (Belgium), we investigate the CHDC's overall efficiency, comparing it to expected values reported in the literature. Key performance indicators such as the overflow and VWART are determined to identify suboptimal performing HIUs. An in-depth analysis involves manual investigation of data and site visits to identify deviations indicating potential faults within the system. Our findings highlight the significant impact of faults in the hydronic circuit on overall system performance, emphasizing the need to transition towards data-driven techniques and machine learning methods for fault detection in collective heat systems.
Preliminary developments and insights of the Smart Building Hub: A Norwegian e-infrastructure for energy-flexible and healthy buildings
Authors: Andersen Kamilla Heimar , Yang Aileen , Pultier Antoine , Moazami Amin
Published: August 2024

Experience from acquiring, processing, and storing data in past and ongoing research projects has proven to be much more time-consuming than expected due to a plethora of data structures, missing metadata, and security issues. Currently, there is no infrastructure in Norway giving researchers access to insight into the energy performance and indoor climate in buildings on a larger scale. Therefore, this article presents the preliminary developments and insights of the Smart Building Hub (SBHub) e-infrastructure, such as the data sources, architecture, relevant stakeholders, use cases, and findings from interviews with identified stakeholders. The lasting contribution of this article aims to fill a critical gap in current research infrastructures in Norway but also sets a precedent for similar initiatives globally, showcasing how interdisciplinary approaches and stakeholder engagement can lead to significant advancements in smart building research.
Enhancing the smart readiness of buildings: Combining Collective intelligence and Reinforcement learning in Building Energy Management
Authors: Hosseini Mohammad , Mazaheri Ahmad , Nik Vahid M.
Published: August 2024

This research introduces a novel Energy Management approach, named CIRLEM, aiming to enhance the smartness of buildings by focusing on technical systems operations, environmental variations, and occupants' needs. Deployed in a simulated environment using Building Performance Simulation and Python integration, the study evaluates CIRLEM's performance under future extreme cold weather scenarios, employing a set of representative climate data. The pilot case, two building blocks in Sweden, undergoes assessment for energy demand, peak power, and thermal comfort. Results indicate that CIRLEM, particularly when driven by demand and price signals, effectively reduces energy demand and costs, demonstrating strong adaptability to extreme weather conditions. Thermal comfort is maintained regarding the temperature limits and variations. Ongoing developments attempt to refine the reward function and signal generation for thermal comfort enhancement and real-world implementation.
Generic building modeling for non-residential buildings (especially office buildings)
Authors: Weiß Dirk , Tribulowski Katja , Hirth Stephan , Grunewald John
Published: August 2024

To promote sustainability in construction, planning must include dynamic analysis of renewable energies, as traditional methods fall short for this transition. Building simulation, essential for future planning, is often hindered by the time and cost required for detailed modeling. The proposed solution, generic modeling, automates the creation of 3D building models using basic early data or regulations, reducing time and expense. This paper focuses on applying this method to office buildings, exploring its algorithm, methodology, and practical uses, while acknowledging its limitations in model variability. This automated approach facilitates early energy sustainability evaluation and has the potential to scale up to district-level modeling.
Experimental and theoretical multichannel study of direct nuclear reactions: A tool to provide data driven information on neutrino-less double-beta decay
Authors: Spatafora Alessandro , Carbone Diana , Cappuzzello Francesco , Cavallaro Manuela , Acosta Luis E. , Agodi Clementina , Amador-Valenzuela Paulina , Borello-Lewin Thereza , Brischetto Giuseppe A. , Calvo Daniela , Chávez-Lomelí Efrain R. , Ciraldo Irene , De Gregorio Giovanni , Delaunay Franck , Djapo Haris , Eke Canel , Finocchiaro Paolo , Firat Suna , Fisichella Maria , Gargano Angela , Hacisalihoglu Aylin , Lay Josè A. , Linares Roberto , Lubian Jesus , Medina Nilberto , Moralles Maurício , Oliveira Josè R. B. , Pakou Athena , Pandola Luciano , Petrascu Horia , Sgouros Onoufrios , da Silveira Marcilei A. G. , Solakci Selçuk O. , Soukeras Vasilis , Souliotis George A. , Torresi Domenico , Tudisco Salvatore , Yıldırım Aydın , Zagatto Vinicius A. B.
Published: August 2024

The search for neutrino-less double beta decay has attracted much interest in the last years due to the extraordinary consequences that could derive from its observation. In the view to provide experimental information on the nuclear matrix elements involved in the expression of neutrino-less double beta decay half-life, the NUMEN project is measuring cross-sections of double charge exchange and other quasi-elastic nuclear reactions using the MAGNEX magnetic spectrometer. In particular, the newly proposed multichannel approach, applied both to the experimental and theoretical analysis, will be discussed.
Efficacy of a topical combination of esafoxolaner, eprinomectin and praziquantel against Amblyomma maculatum infestations in cats
Authors: Tielemans Eric , Rautenbach Carin , Khumalo Zamantungwa , Beugnet Frederic
Published: August 2024

Amblyomma maculatum, the Gulf Coast tick, infests a wide range of vertebrate species including livestock, dogs, cats, and humans. It is a species of significant veterinary and public health importance, especially as a vector of diseases, for instance American canine hepatozoonosis or tidewater spotted fever. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of NexGard® Combo, a topical endectoparasiticide product for cats combining eprinomectin, praziquantel and esafoxolaner, against induced infestations of A. maculatum in cats. This Good Clinical Practice (GCP) study used a randomized, negative controlled, masked design. Ten cats were allocated to an untreated group and ten to a treated group, dosed once on Day 0 at the minimum label dose. On Days −2, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42, cats were infested with ~50 unfed adult A. maculatum. On Days 3, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38, and 45, i.e., 72 h after treatment and subsequent infestations, ticks were removed, counted and the numbers of live attached tick in each group were used for efficacy calculations. At each time-point, all untreated cats were adequately infested, demonstrating a vigorous tick population and an adequate study model. The curative efficacy after a single application against existing tick infestation, 72 h after treatment, was 98.7%. The preventive efficacy, 72 h after weekly infestations, over the following five weeks ranged from 93.8% to 99.4%.
High-power in-phase and anti-phase mode emission from linear arrays of resonant-tunneling-diode oscillators in the 0.4-to-0.8-THz frequency range
Authors: Meng Fanqi , Tang Zhenling , Ourednik Petr , Hazarika Jahnabi , Feiginov Michael , Suzuki Safumi , Roskos Hartmut G.
Published: August 2024

Oscillators based on resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) are able to reach the highest oscillation frequency among all electronic THz emitters. However, the emitted power from RTDs remains limited. Here, we propose linear RTD oscillator arrays capable of supporting coherent emission from both in-phase and anti-phase coupled modes. The oscillation modes can be selected by adjusting the mesa areas of the RTDs. Both the modes exhibit constructive interference at different angles in the far field, enabling high-power emission. Experimental demonstrations of coherent emission from linear arrays containing 11 RTDs are presented. The anti-phase mode oscillates at ∼450 GHz, emitting about 0.7 mW, while the in-phase mode oscillates at around 750 GHz, emitting about 1 mW. Moreover, certain RTD oscillator arrays exhibit dual-band operation: changing the bias voltage allows for controllable switching between the anti-phase and in-phase modes. Upon bias sweeping in both directions, a notable hysteresis feature is observed. Our linear RTD oscillator array represents a significant step forward in the realization of large arrays for applications requiring continuous-wave THz radiation with substantial power.
Fitting COVID-19 datasets to a new statistical model
Authors: Gemeay Ahmed M. , Tashkandy Yusra A. , Bakr M. E. , Kumar Anoop , Hossain Md. Moyazzem , Almetwally Ehab M.
Published: August 2024

This paper discussed gull alpha power Weibull distribution with a three-parameter. Different statistical inference methods of Gull Alpha Power Weibull distribution parameters have been obtained, estimated, and evaluated. Then, the results are compared to find a suitable model. The unknown parameters of the published Gull Alpha Power Weibull distribution are analyzed. Seven estimation methods are maximum likelihood, Anderson–Darling, right-tail Anderson–Darling, Cramér–von Mises, ordinary least-squares, weighted least-squares, and maximum product of spacing. In addition, the performance of this distribution is computed using the Monte Carlo method, and the limited sample features of parameter estimates for the proposed distribution are analyzed. In light of the importance of heavy-tailed distributions, actuarial approaches are employed. Applying actuarial criteria such as value at risk and tail value at risk to the suggested distribution shows that the model under study has a larger tail than the Weibull distribution. Two real-world COVID-19 infection datasets are used to evaluate the distribution. We analyze the existence and uniqueness of the log-probability roots to establish that they represent the global maximum. We conclude by summarizing the outcomes reported in this study.