bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer aided detection of tuberculosis using two classifiers
Authors: Umar Ibrahim Abdullahi , Al-Turjman Fadi , Ozsoz Mehmet , Serte Sertan
Published: September 2022

Abstracts

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been a major challenge for medical and healthcare sectors in many underdeveloped countries with limited diagnosis tools. Tuberculosis can be detected from microscopic slides and chest X-ray but as a result of the high cases of tuberculosis, this method can be tedious for both microbiologist and Radiologist and can lead to miss-diagnosis. The main objective of this study is to addressed these challenges by employing Computer Aided Detection (CAD) using Artificial Intelligence-driven models which learn features based on convolution and result in an output with high accuracy. In this paper, we described automated discrimination of X-ray and microscopic slide images of tuberculosis into positive and negative cases using pretrained AlexNet Models. The study employed Chest X-ray dataset made available on Kaggle repository and microscopic slide images from both Near East university hospital and Kaggle repository. For classification of tuberculosis and healthy microscopic slide using AlexNet+Softmax, the model achieved accuracy of 98.14%. For classification of tuberculosis and healthy microscopic slide using AlexNet+SVM, the model achieved 98.73% accuracy. For classification of tuberculosis and healthy chest X-ray images using AlexNet+Softmax, the model achieved accuracy of 98.19%. For classification of tuberculosis and healthy chest X-ray images using AlexNet+SVM, the model achieved 98.38% accuracy. The result obtained has shown to outperformed several studies in the current literature. Future studies will attempt to integrate Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) for the design of IoMT/AI-enabled platform for detection of Tuberculosis from both X-ray and Microscopic slide images.
Calibration of insulin pumps based on discrete doses at given cycle times
Authors: Bissig Hugo , Büker Oliver , Stolt Krister , Batista Elsa , Afonso Joana , Zagnoni Michele , Vroman Rozan , Kjeldsen Henrik , Niemann Anders , Schroeter Joerg
Published: September 2022

One application in the medical treatment at very small flow rates is the usage of an Insulin pump that delivers doses of insulin at constant cycle times for a specific basal rate as quasi-continuous insulin delivery, which is an important cornerstone in diabetes management. The calibration of these basal rates are performed by either gravimetric or optical methods, which have been developed within the European Metrology Program for Innovation and Research (EMPIR) Joint Research Project (JRP) 18HLT08 Metrology for drug delivery II (MeDDII). These measurement techniques are described in this paper, and an improved approach of the analytical procedure given in the standard IEC 60601-2-24:2012 for determining the discrete doses and the corresponding basal rates is discussed in detail. These improvements allow detailed follow up of dose cycle time and delivered doses as a function of time to identify some artefacts of the measurement method or malfunctioning of the insulin pump. Moreover, the calibration results of different basal rates and bolus deliveries for the gravimetric and the optical methods are also presented. Some analysis issues that should be addressed to prevent misinterpreting of the calibration results are discussed. One of the main issues is the average over a period of time which is an integer multiple of the cycle time to determine the basal rate with the analytical methods described in this paper.
Rapid exponential stabilization of nonlinear continuous systems via event-triggered impulsive control
Authors: Dlala Mohsen
Published: September 2022

This article investigates the problem of rapid exponential stabilization for nonlinear continuous systems via event-triggered impulsive control (ETIC). First, we propose a trigger mechanism that, when triggered by a predefined event, causes the closed-loop system exponentially stable. Then, the exponential stabilization is achieved by the designed ETIC with or without data dropout. The case where there are delays in the ETIC signals is also studied, and the exponential stabilization is proved. Finally, a numerical study is presented, along with numerical illustrations of the stability results.
Mathematical expressions describing enzyme velocity and inhibition at high enzyme concentration
Authors: Hernández Agustín
Published: September 2022

Enzyme behaviour is characterised in the laboratory using diluted solutions of enzyme. However, in vivo processes usually occur at [S

T
] ≈ [E

T
] ≈ K

m
. Furthermore, the study of enzyme action involves characterisation of inhibitors and their mechanisms. However, to date, there have been no reports proposing mathematical expressions that can be used to describe enzyme activity at high enzyme concentration apart from the simplest single substrate, irreversible case. Using a continued fraction approach, equations can be easily derived for the most common cases in monosubstrate reactions, such as irreversible or reversible reactions and effector (inhibitor or activator) kinetic interactions. These expressions are an extension of the classical Michaelis-Menten equations. A first analysis using these expressions permits to deduce some differences at high versus low enzyme concentration, such as the greater effectiveness of allosteric inhibitors compared to catalytic ones. Also, they can be used to understand catalyst saturation in a reaction. Although they can be linearised, these equations also show differences that need to be taken into account. For example, the different meaning of line intersection points in Dixon plots. All in all, these expressions may be useful tools for modelling in vivo and biotechnological processes.
On closed subgroups of precompact groups
Authors: Hernández Salvador , Remus Dieter , Trigos-Arrieta F. Javier
Published: September 2022

It is a theorem of W. W. Comfort and K. A. Ross that if 𝐺 is a subgroup of a compact Abelian group and 𝑆 denotes the continuous homomorphisms from 𝐺 to the one-dimensional torus, then the topology on 𝐺 is the initial topology given by 𝑆.
Assume that 𝐻 is a subgroup of 𝐺.
We study how the choice of 𝑆 affects the topological placement and properties of 𝐻 in 𝐺.
Among other results, we have made significant progress toward the solution of the following specific questions.
How many totally bounded group topologies does 𝐺 admit such that 𝐻 is a closed (dense) subgroup?
If

C
S

C_{S}

denotes the poset of all subgroups of 𝐺 that are 𝑆-closed, ordered by inclusion, does

C
S

C_{S}

have a greatest (resp. smallest) element?
We say that a totally bounded (topological, resp.) group is an SC group (topologically simple, resp.) if all its subgroups are closed (if 𝐺 and

{
e
}

\{e\}

are its only possible closed normal subgroups, resp.)
In addition, we investigate the following questions.
How many SC-(topologically simple totally bounded, resp.) group topologies does an arbitrary Abelian group 𝐺 admit?
On the practical point of view of option pricing
Authors: Halidias Nikolaos
Published: September 2022

In this note, we describe a new approach to the option pricing problem by introducing the notion of the safe (and acceptable) price for the writer of an option, in contrast to the fair price used in the Black–Scholes model.
Our starting point is that the option pricing problem is closely related with the hedging problem by practical techniques.
Recalling that the Black–Scholes model does not give us the price of the option but the initial value of a replicating portfolio, we observe easily that this has a serious disadvantage because it assumes the building of this replicating portfolio continuously in time, and this is a disadvantage of any model that assumes such a construction.
Here we study the problem from the practical point of view concerning mainly the over-the-counter market.
This approach is not affected by the number of the underlying assets and is particularly useful for incomplete markets.
In the usual Black–Scholes or binomial approach or some other approaches, one assumes that one can invest or borrow at the same risk-free rate

r
>
0

r>0

, which is not true in general.
Even if this is the case, one can immediately observe that this risk-free rate is not a universal constant but is different among different people or institutions.
So the fair price of an option is not so much fair!
Moreover, the two sides are not, in general, equivalent against the risk; therefore, the notion of a fair price has no meaning at all.
We also define a variant of the usual binomial model, by estimating safe upward and downward rates

u
,
d

u,d

, trying to give a cheaper safe or acceptable price for the option.
Disinformation, hoaxes, curation and verification: review of studies in Ibero-America 2017-2020
Authors: Guallar Javier , Codina Lluís , Freixa Pere , Pérez-Montoro Mario
Published: September 2022

The objective of this article is to carry out a review of disinformation research in the Ibero-American area between 2017 and 2020. To do this, American Psychological Association standards for social scientific reviews are followed and about 60 papers published in indexed journals in Ibero-America are analyzed, as well as published books on the subject. The results are shown grouped into three parts. First, the three fundamental concepts related to disinformation are reviewed: the term of disinformation itself, as well as post-truth and infodemic. Second, the main disinformation products are studied: fake news, information disorders and hoaxes, according to their types, themes, formats, and channels. In the third part, the main strategies against disinformation are presented, reviewing the published works of two of them: content curation and fact checking. The most notable authors, by quantity of research, on the subject are Magallón-Rosa with 6 works, Ufarte-Ruiz with 4 and García-Marín with 3 works. Likewise, the studies by Dolors Palau-Sampio (2018. Fact-checking y vigilancia del poder: La verificación del discurso público en los nuevos medios de América Latina [Fact-checking and surveillance of power: The verification of public discourse in Latin America’s new media]. Communication & Society 31(3). 347–365), Ángel Vizoso & Jorge Vázquez-Herrero (2019. Plataformas de fact checking en español. Características, organización y método [Fact checking platforms in Spanish. Characteristics, organization and method]. Communication & Society 32(1). 127–144), and Carlos Rodríguez-Pérez (2019. No diga fake news, di desinformación: Una revisión sobre el fenómeno de las noticias falsas y sus implicaciones [Don’t say fake news, say disinformation: A review of the fake news phenomenon and its implications]. Comunicación 40. 65–74), can be highlighted for their analysis of disinformation in the Ibero-American area; for their analysis of the typologies of hoaxes the work of Ramón Salaverría, Nataly Buslón, Fernando López-Pan, Bienvenido León, Ignacio López-Goñi & María-Carmen Erviti (2020. Desinformación en tiempos de pandemia: tipología de los bulos sobre la covid-19 [Disinformation in times of pandemic: Typology of Covid-19 hoaxes]. El profesional de la información 29(3). e290315) and for the proposals on curation the works of López-Borrull with collaborators. Conclusions include that the phenomenon of disinformation is highly polyhedral, but society has instruments to deal with it, such as curation and verification (fact checking).
The Cultural Dimension of the Globalization Divide. Do Lifestyle Signals affect Cosmopolitans’ Willingness to interact?
Authors: Ollroge Rasmus , Sawert Tim
Published: September 2022

In the context of the rise of right-wing populist parties in the past decades, many researchers have addressed the question of increasing social polarization and threats to social cohesion. In this article, we contribute to this discussion by looking at the cultural side of the globalization divide from the perspective of cleavage theory. More precisely, we ask if respondents interpret lifestyle characteristics as signals for the socio-political position of others and whether these attributions influence the willingness to interact socially. Based on data from a factorial survey experiment, we show that cosmopolitans categorize other persons based on different lifestyle characteristics and are more likely to interact with those who have a similar cosmopolitan lifestyle.
Socioeconomic influence on treatment with liothyronine and desiccated thyroid extract in Denmark
Authors: la Cour Jeppe Lerche , Møllehave Line Tang , Medici Bjarke Røssner , Jensen Christian Zinck , Bjerregaard Anne Ahrendt , Nygaard Birte
Published: September 2022

Introduction

High compared with low educational level increases the odds of starting levothyroxine (L-T4) with a normal thyroid-stimulating hormone – the mechanism is most likely patient request. The use of liothyronine (L-T3) and desiccated thyroid extract (DTE) is also speculated to be initiated at patients’ request. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate if educational level influences treatment with L-T3 and DTE.

Material and methods

In this register-based cross-sectional study, we included all Danish citizens ≥30 years with redeemed prescription of L-T4, L-T3, or DTE during 2017–2020. We defined educational levels as short, medium, and long (<10 years, 10–12 years, and above 12 years, respectively). The association between educational level and treatment with LT3 or DTE vs only LT4 was analyzed in logistic regression models adjusted for age and sex.

Results

We included 154,360 individuals using thyroid medication of whom 3829 were treated with L-T3 (2.48%) and 430 with DTE (0.28%). The usage was highest among women (3.15%) and the age group 40–49 (5.6%). Longer education compared with short increased the odds of being treated with DTE or L-T3 (medium education odds ratio (OR) 1.61 (95% CI 1.50–1.8) and long education OR 1.95 (95% CI 1.79–2.13)). Test for trend: OR: 1.37 (95% CI 1.31–1.42). Adjustment for other covariates did not affect the results substantially.

Conclusion

Persons with a longer compared to a shorter education are more often treated with either DTE or L-T3, and the usage of these drugs is limited to less than 3% of thyroid hormone users.
Effect of running classes on the stress level of combatants
Authors: Krushynska Nataliia , Kohut Iryna , Matveev Sergey , Jagiello Marina
Published: September 2022

The full-scale war in Ukraine is having a significant psychological and physical impact on combatants. One of the negative consequences of war is combat stress, accompanied by the action of stress factors that negatively affect psychological and physical health, reducing the process of socialization to peaceful life. At the same time, there are not enough studies covering the solution of these issues with the help of adaptive physical culture (APC), which confirms the relevance of the chosen topic.

Purpose: to determine the impact of running classes on combatants who have the consequences of combat stress.

Material & Methods: the research was carried out on the basis of the National Council for Sports Rehabilitation of Defenders of Ukraine in Kyiv. It was attended by 40 combatants. The following methods were used in the course of the study: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics.

Results: at the end of the pedagogical experiment, the participants in the hostilities determined the level of stress according to the "Modified method for determining the level of stress by L. Ryder", before and after running classes. Based on the data after the study, it was found that at the initial stage, 77% of combatants had a high level of stress, and 13% had an average level of stress. At stage 2, after the use of APC (within 1 year), the level of stress among combatants was reduced to 50% – medium, 50% – low, which shows the effectiveness of the use of APC (running classes).

Conclusions: a study was conducted with the determination of the level of stress according to the "Modified method of the level of stress according to L. Rieder" and the positive effect of running was shown. Measures are proposed to help reduce the level of stress among combatants.

The dynamics of the results indicates the stability of reducing the level of combat stress with the help of running, which confirms the expediency of organizing the training process for combatants.
Factores asociados a la intención de disminuir el consumo de alcohol en personas con consumo riesgoso en un hospital universitario de Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Peñaloza Maylin , Cuevas Virginia , Olejua Peter , Olaya Lina , Almonacid Ingrid , Alba Luz Helena
Published: September 2022

Introducción. Las intervenciones para reducir el consumo riesgoso de alcohol son una prioridad en todos los escenarios clínicos, incluido el hospitalario.
Objetivos. Describir las características sociodemográficas, familiares y clínicas en personas con consumo riesgoso de alcohol atendidas en un hospital universitario y evaluar la asociación entre estos factores y la intención de disminuir el consumo, medida según la etapa de cambio comportamental y denominada en este estudio como “intención de cambio”.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en 176 pacientes entre 19 y 64 años con consumo riesgoso de alcohol (según puntaje AUDIT) atendidos o valorados entre abril de 2018 y marzo de 2020 en un hospital de cuarto nivel de Bogotá D.C., Colombia. Se realizó un análisis bivariado (Chi-cuadrado) y uno multivariado (regresión logística ordinal) para evaluar las asociaciones entre las variables independientes (características sociodemográficas, familiares, clínicas y relacionadas con el consumo de alcohol) y la intención de cambio. Se calcularon Odds Ratio ajustados (ORa) y se consideró un nivel de significancia de p<0.05
Resultados. La prevalencia de consumo riesgoso de alcohol fue de 4.88% (IC95%: 4.17-5.58) (176/3609). La mayoría de participantes eran hombres (82.95%) con más de 30 años (71.02%) y estaban en la etapa “preparación” de cambio comportamental (63.63%). En el análisis multivariado, ser mayor de 30 años se asoció con mayor intención de cambio (31-45 años: OR=3.68, IC95%:1.56-9.06; 46-64 años: OR=2.63; IC95%: 1.20–5.86) y, por el contrario, ser de un estrato socioeconómico alto se asoció con una menor intención (OR=0.06; IC95%: 0.01-0.50).
Conclusiones. Se observó una mayor intención de disminuir el consumo de alcohol en los participantes mayores de 30 años, aquellos con mayor percepción de los beneficios de dicha disminución, aquellos con mayor percepción de autoeficacia, y en los pacientes con intentos previos de disminución; en contraposición, el estrato socioeconómico alto se asoció con menor intención de cambio.
Effects of the herbal preparation AyuFertin, used for anestrus overcome, on fatty acids composition of milk in Bulgarian Murrah buffaloes
Authors: Ilieva Y. , Mihaylova D. , IIlyazova A. , Penchev P. , Abadjieva D. , Kistanova E.
Published: September 2022

The herbal protocols, used instead of hormones in buffalo breeding for reproduction optimisation, do not provide information of their effect on the milk quality of treated animals. This research analysed whether the herbal preparation AyuFertin (Indian Herbs Specialities Pvt. Ltd, Saharanpur), applied in postpartum period for recovering the ovary cycling, had a side effect on the milk composition. The experiment was conducted with buffaloes of the Bulgarian Murrah breed at average age of 50 months during May-June 2019, divided into control (n=6) and experimental (n=7) groups. The experimental buffaloes received AyuFertin orally for three consecutive days at a dose of 3 g/100 kg live weight since the 21st postpartum day. The animals without signs of estrus were treated again after 10 days. The milk samples were collected at test-days, before and after treatments. The fatty acid composition of the milk and Ayufertin was evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Quantification of the identified fatty acids in milk was made by the area normalisation method. In general, the fatty acids composition did not differ after the treatment with AyuFertin. Deviation in the amounts of some fatty acids was established. The content of medium-chain fatty acids such as lauric and capric was decreased, while the amount of long-chain acids such as 11-hexadecanoic and stearic was increased in the experimental group. The main active components of AyuFertin - trienoic acids were not transferred into the milk of treated animals. In conclusion, due to the ability of AyuFertin to affect the fatty acids amount in the milk of treated buffaloes, farmers should strictly follow the manufacturer’s recommendation for the dose and duration of AyuFertin treatment to avoid negative effects on milk quality.
The first record of an invasive reptile species, Pelomedusa cf. olivacea (Schweigger, 1812) (Pelomedusidae, Testudines), in the wild of South Korea
Authors: Park Seung-Min , Rahman Md Mizanur , Ham Choong-Ho , Sung Ha-Cheol
Published: September 2022

Invasive species are of global conservation concern. South Korea is also facing the same challenge, especially, due to the growing pet trade. Herein, we report Pelomedusa cf. olivacea (Schweigger, 1812) from the wild in South Korea, where it has been imported as a pet. This is the first record of Pelomedusa in the Asian continent. In October 2019, we found an individual of this species beside Hongje Stream in Seoul. We recommend immediate control measures and strict monitoring of the pet trade to avoid the introduction of more invasive species.
What happens when transition metal trichalcogenides are interfaced with gold?
Authors: Dhingra Archit , Nikonov Dmitri E. , Lipatov Alexey , Sinitskii Alexander , Dowben Peter A.
Published: September 2022

Transition metal trichalcogenides (TMTs) are two-dimensional (2D) systems with quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) chains. These 2D materials are less susceptible to undesirable edge defects, which enhances their promise for low-dimensional optical and electronic device applications. However, so far, the performance of 2D devices based on TMTs has been hampered by contact-related issues. Therefore, in this review, a diligent effort has been made to both elucidate and summarize the interfacial interactions between gold and various TMTs, namely, In4Se3, TiS3, ZrS3, HfS3, and HfSe3. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy data, supported by the results of electrical transport measurements, provide insights into the nature of interactions at the Au/In4Se3, Au/TiS3, Au/ZrS3, Au/HfS3, and Au/HfSe3 interfaces. This may help identify and pave a path toward resolving the contemporary contact-related problems that have plagued the performance of TMT-based nanodevices.

Graphical abstract

I–V characteristics of (a) TiS3, (b) ZrS3, and (c) HfS3
EN PRENSA Evaluación del índice de radiación solar UV en Nayarit con datos medidos en superficie por la red solarimétrica mexicana: un análisis de sus implicaciones en el turismo de Sol y Playa. EN PRENSA
Authors: González Ramírez Fabián Andrés , Saldaña Durán Claudia Estela , Riveros Rosas David , Cristerna Solís Lilia , Valdés Barrón Mauro , Messina Fernández Sarah Ruth
Published: September 2022

La radiación UV presente en la luz solar es esencial en diversos procesos ambientales del planeta, en la descontaminación de agua y aire, la desintegración de los residuos entre otros. Sin embargo, en el ser humano, la sobre exposición a los rayos UV puede resultar en enfermedades agudas y crónicas con efectos en la piel, los ojos y el sistema inmunitario; a largo plazo, los cambios degenerativos inducidos por radiación en células, tejido fibroso y vasos sanguíneos conducen al envejecimiento prematuro de la piel. Los tiempos de exposición prolongados tienen efectos nocivos en los humanos y otros seres vivos, causando daños biológicos que llegan a alterar el propio ADN. De ahí que en este trabajo se evalúan los niveles de la radiación UV-B a partir del análisis estadístico de las series temporales de datos correspondientes a la ciudad de Tepic, Nayarit, obtenidos de la red Solarimétrica mexicana RESOLMEX para determinar la intensidad y variabilidad del índice UV. Adicionalmente, se evaluó el nivel de conocimiento sobre el índice UV que tienen los turistas de Sol y Playa en costas Nayaritas, con la finalidad de estudiar su experiencia al exponerse, sin cuidado o protección a la radiación solar. El conocimiento del índice UV y sus implicaciones en la salud, ayuda al turista a tomar conciencia y, con ello la decisión de protegerse, disminuir el tiempo de exposición al Sol, y modificar su comportamiento para tomar de decisiones responsables durante sus actividades recreativas que lo protejan de los daños provocados por la sobre exposición a la radiación UV.
Learning at Risk? Language Teaching Under Emergency Remote Conditions
Authors: Rathert Stefan , Ağçam Reyhan
Published: September 2022

Low attendance and reduced classroom interaction in courses compulsorily run online pose a challenge to the teaching and learning in an English language teaching programme at a Turkish university. Based on students’ and lecturers’ narratives, this study explores critical aspects of this teaching modality and suggests solutions to address faced challenges.
Features of linear TV channels’ programming in context of COVID-19 pandemic (through examples of “Channel One” and STS)
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Mogilevskaia Vasilisa S.
Published: September 2022

The article discusses the changes that occurred in the programming strategies of two mandatory publicly available Russian TV channels (universal Channel One and the niche channel STS) during the initial wave of the COVID­19 pandemic. It was discovered that in April 2020, both broadcasters added new shows dedicated to the problem of the spread of coronavirus to their grids. During the crisis period, both “Channel One” and STS turned to higher quality or premiere film content. In other respects, the broadcast of both TV channels during the lockdown was built in accordance with the strategies approved in the regular situation at the start of the season. It is concluded that the measures taken by broadcasters were not enough to consolidate the trend towards an increase in the audience of linear television, which emerged at the time of the crisis.
To the Question of Periodization of Buryat Didactic Literature
Authors:   Buryat Republican Institute of Educational Policy, Tsydenova Нanda G. , Boldonova Irina S. ,   Nankai University
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of periodization of Buryat didactic literature. This article provides the chronological periodization of the Buryat didactic literature’ s development from the point of view of its content and structure. We define three periods, they are: the first period (XIII–XIV centuries); the second period (XV–XVII centuries) envelopes the general, all-Mongolian literature or the pre­Buryat stage; and the third period (the II half of the XIX — early XX centuries) coincides with the development of Buryat didactic literature as it is. Based on the analysis, the authors could define and study the periods’ formation and development of the literary process of Buryat literature. Systematization of aesthetic and artistic approaches, methods, techniques within the development of literature allows the authors to deduce theoretical and conceptual guidelines of the future research. In the article the authors tries to realize an objective and in-depth analysis of genres, styles, structure and content of the most prominent works in a holistic unity on each stages.
The Post Anthropocentric Turn in Contemporary Art
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Chistyakova Marina G.
Published: September 2022

The article examines the reaction of modern visual art to the paradigm shift in the socio-cultural understanding of man taking place today. Researchers define the new discursive field as posthumanistic. The ambiguity of the concept of posthumanism becomes the reason for referring to the term post-anthropocentrism, which more appropriately describes both the direction of thought of the last decades and the main vector of the development of present-day art. The author puts forward the concept of a post-anthropocentric turn realized in art. The main purpose of the article is to substantiate and describe this turn. Using concrete examples, various art contexts are considered, including: visualizations of the “world-for-us”, “world-in-itself”, “world-without-us”; an appeal to the interspecific community; a statement of the symmetry of human and non-human actors in the work. The research is based on the works of representatives of critical posthumanism and speculative realism. The author concludes that contemporary visual art, conceptualizing and radicalizing the main ideas of post-anthropocentrism, creates many alternative ideas about the situation in which a modern person finds himself. She also notes the transgressive potential of this art.
The Rural Community on the Socio-economic Situation in Modern Conditions
Authors:   Tyumen Industrial University, Khairullina Nursafa G.
Published: September 2022

The article discusses how of the rural population in the south of the Tyumen region assess working and living conditions in the current sociopolitical situation. The data of the author’s monitoring studies conducted in the south of the Tyumen region since 2014 under the auspices of the Committee on Nationalities Affairs of the Administration of the Tyumen region, as well as an online survey conducted in 2021 through the Google Forms online service among rural residents of the region, formed the base. The author notes that over the past decades, in general, Russian agriculture has fallen into decline, large agricultural enterprises and complexes have closed, and farmers, peasants, economists, deputies of the municipal and regional levels are talking about it with concern. So over the past 20 years, large village-forming enterprises in the south of the Tyumen region have closed. Based on the results of the study, the author demonstrates that the urgent task is to revive many enterprises, organizations that previously worked in rural settlements, providing an opportunity for young people to realize knowledge and skills in their small homeland, without leaving for the major cities of the region. The tendency to continuous improvement of infrastructure in the villages of the south of the Tyumen region is revealed. The conditions under which young people can stay in the countryside are indicated. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to create jobs, open cultural and leisure institutions, branches of educational institutions in the nearest city, accelerate the development of road infrastructure and open paramedic stations. The author concludes that the socioeconomic situation in rural settlements requires the joint efforts of regional, local authorities, and the public in solving topical issues of the development of all branches of agriculture, further improving the quality of work of educational and cultural institutions, culture, and the construction of new roads.
Effects of educational technologies on maternal self-efficacy in preventing childhood diarrhea: a clinical trial
Authors: Melo Francisca Mayra de Sousa , Oliveira Brena Shellem Bessa de , Oliveira Rhaiany Kelly Lopes de , Bezerra Jallyne Colares , Silva Maria Jocelane Nascimento da , Costa Edmara Chaves , Barbosa Lorena Pinheiro , Melo Emanuella Silva Joventino
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effect of educational interventions on maternal self-efficacy in preventing childhood diarrhea in mothers of children younger than five years old. Methods: Basic randomized clinical trial involving 280 mothers of children under five years old. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in maternal self-efficacy scores after the application of the video (p= 0.026), booklet (p <0.001) and video and booklet (p <0.001). Conclusion: The combined use of video and booklet proved to be more effective in promoting self-efficacy than the isolated use. Thus, the interventions used in this study have been shown to significantly increase maternal self-efficacy in preventing childhood diarrhea and, therefore, can be used by health professionals as effective tools.
Constelação, parataxe e ensaio: os arcanos do pensamento da não identidade
Authors: França Fabiano Leite
Published: September 2022

Resumo: O propósito deste trabalho consiste na reconstrução dos conceitos de constelação, parataxe e ensaio no pensamento de Theodor Adorno, no intuito de aproximá-los por afinidade, porém, demonstrando a maneira que cada qual expressa, dentro de suas especificidades, a insistência de Adorno em um modelo de pensamento no qual o não idêntico: 1) resiste à subsunção conceitual, ao se dispor em uma configuração constelatória; 2) não sucumbe a justaposições subordinadas próprias da linguagem meramente comunicativa; e 3) encontra sua melhor expressão filosófica na forma ensaio. Para tanto, tomar-se-á como ponto de partida o rearranjo da categoria de constelação como herança do pensamento de Walter Benjamin, para, em seguida, apresentar a ampliação dessa categoria no pensamento de Adorno, relacionando-a tanto à concepção de parataxe como à acepção da forma ensaio, mas visando a entender essas categorias enquanto modo de se pensar filosoficamente, com vistas à elucidação do lugar do não idêntico no âmbito do pensamento dialético.
Evidências de Validade do Inventário de Compensação de Young (YCI) para a População do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Santos Mônica Benedetti dos , Machado Wagner de Lara , Ávila Andressa Celente de , Oliveira Margareth da Silva
Published: September 2022

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar a estrutura fatorial e as evidências de validade do Inventário de Compensação de Young (YCI) para a população do Rio Grande do Sul. Contou-se com a participação de 504 adultos da população geral, com média de idade de 34,2 anos (DP = 12,9). Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Questionário de Esquemas de Young - Versão Breve (YSQ-S3), a Escala de Avaliação dos Sintomas (SCL-90-R) e o YCI. Os dados foram coletados através de plataforma online. Realizou-se a análise fatorial exploratória, para verificar a distribuição dos itens em fatores comuns, e a validade convergente, com correlação não paramétrica de Spearman com a SCL-90-R e o YSQ-S3. Foram interpretados quatro fatores: Dominação e Manipulação (α =0,85 ω=0,71); Obsessão e Organização (α =0,75 ω=0,75); Rebeldia e Independência (α =0,73 ω=0,69); e Busca de Reconhecimento (α =0,81 ω=0,91). A validade de construto mostrou-se adequada conforme a teoria. Concluiu-se que a versão adaptada apresenta boas propriedades psicométricas.
Intraspecific C-value variation and the outcomes in Psidium cattleyanum Sabine essential oil
Authors: Spadeto M. S. , Vasconcelos L. C. , Menini L. , Clarindo W. R. , Guilhen J. H. S. , Ferreira M. F. S. , Praça-Fontes M. M.
Published: September 2022

Abstract Polyploidy, a numerical alteration of the karyotype, is one of the most important mechanisms in plant speciation and diversification, but could also be detected among populations, the cytotypes. For example, Psidium cattleyanum, a polyploid complex, has chromosome numbers ranging from 2n=3x=33 to 2n=12x=132. Polyploidization causes an increase in DNA content, and both modifications may cause alteration in plant growth, physiology, and epigenetics. Based on this possibility, here we aim to verify the influence of the polyploidization on the production of P. cattleyanum essential oil chemotypes. Differences in the DNA contents, as a proxy to different ploidies, were observed and three distinct chemotypes were identified through the chromatographic profile analysis. The Psidium cattleyanum DNA content and qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the essential oils presented a positive relationship. Plants with higher DNA contents presented higher levels of oil production, which was mostly composed of hydrogenated sesquiterpenes, while plants with lower DNA contents produced lower amount of oil, which was mostly composed of hydrogenated monoterpenes. Based on the importance of essential oils, polyploid plants, which present higher DNA content, are recommended as possible matrices for the propagation of new plants with the potential to produce major compounds of agronomic and pharmacological interest.
Exploring species diversity and abundance of scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones) in certain regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Jawad S. M. , Zahid M.
Published: September 2022

Abstract Despite scorpion diversity has long been acknowledged, the mystery of how it develops remains unresolved. The geographical distribution, species abundance and biodiversity of scorpions fauna in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is poorly explored with many aspects like morphological, geographical, ecological and phylogenetically. As a result of faunaistic study on scorpions a total of 171 specimens from various regimes, Charsadda, Mardan, Peshawar and Kohat districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan from March 2018 to October 2018 were collected. GarminTM GPS V Plus device. The software Arc GIS 10.2 was used to create maps of the study areas. Pitfall traps were used to gather samples from sandy habitats and pastureland. Five species Hottentotta tamulus Fabricius, 1798, with (35%), Scorpiops pseudomontanus Kovarik and Ahmed, 2009, (26%), Orthochirus fuscipes Pocock, 1900, (15%), Hottentotta buchariensis Birula, 1897, (13%) and Deccanometrus latimanus Pocock, 1894, (11%) were detected in our proposed study. The research indicates that abundance and temperature have a favorable connection, while abundance and humidity get a negative correlation. The value of evenness shows the strong equilibrium between the effectiveness of sampling species, and the Shannon's index suggests that the Pakistani region has a high level of scorpion variety.
Cytotoxicity of extracts and compounds isolated from Croton echioides in animal tumor cell (HTC)
Authors: Vendruscolo I. , Venturella S. R. T. , Bressiani P. A. , Marco I. G. , Novello C. R. , Almeida I. V. , Vicentini V. E. P. , Mello J. C. P. , Düsman E.
Published: September 2022

Abstract The search for compounds with anticancer effects is of paramount importance today due to the high incidence of the disease. The Euphorbiaceae family is known for having compounds with therapeutic properties, one of its genera being Croton. It has several species, which contain compounds already known for their biological activities, presenting anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer properties. Thus, the cytotoxicity/antiproliferative activity of semi-purified fractions and compounds isolated from Croton echioides in liver tumor cells of Rattus norvegicus (HTC) was evaluated by the MTT test. The semi-purified fractions showed cytotoxicity at concentrations above 200 µg/mL, at 24, 48 and 72 hours, reaching cell viability of 24.78% [400 µg/mL] at 24 hours, 12.79% [500 µg/mL] at 48 hours and 10.57% [300 µg/mL] at 72 hours. For the isolated compounds, lupeol had a cytotoxic effect in all concentrations (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 µg/mL) and tested times (24, 48 and 72 hours), reaching minimum viability of 4.37% [100 µg/mL], within 72 hours. The clerodan diterpenes CEH-1 and CEH-4 also showed antiproliferative activity, with minimum viability of 36.19% [100 µg/mL] over 72 hours and 21.33% [100 µg/mL] over 48 hours, respectively. However, the clerodan diterpenes CEH-2 and CEH-3 did not shows a cytotoxic effect for HTC cells. Thus, there is a cytotoxic/antiproliferative potential of C. echioides against tumor cells, with targeted to mitochondrial enzymes, associated with cell proliferation, indicating that this species deserves prominence in the search for new molecules for the treatment of cancer.
Sexual dimorphism in Kinosternon scorpioides (Linnaeus, 1766) from the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Chaves E. P. , Aragão N. R. C. , Piorski N. M. , Souza C. P. A. , Medeiros A. M. , Chaves L. P. F. A. , Tchaicka L. , Sousa A. L.
Published: September 2022

Abstract The sexual dimorphism of the Kinosternon scorpioides was evaluated using two different techniques (linear and geometric morphometry) from images and linear measurements of the carapace and plastron of adults (male and female). Linear morphometry indicated that the height and width of carapace and plastron are statistically different between sexes, with females being wider and taller. In the evaluation of geometric morphometry, ANOVA demonstrated variation in the size of the plastron and the shape of the carapace and plastron, expressing a tendency in shape for each sex. Sexual dimorphism, therefore, is verified for this species, notably by the plastron. This study indicates an additional tool for the phenotypic knowledge of animals, contributing to the study of threatened populations.
Exogenous Ca/Mg quotient reduces the inhibitory effects of PEG induced osmotic stress on Avena sativa L.
Authors: Bibi S. , Ullah S. , Hafeez Aqsa , Khan M. N. , Javed M. A. , Ali B. , Din I. U. , Bangash S. A. K. , Wahab S. , Wahid N. , Zaman F. , Alhag S. K. , El-Rahim I. H. A. Abd. , Ahmed A. E. , Selim S.
Published: September 2022

Abstract Drought is one of the most damaging abiotic stress that hinder plant growth and development. The present study aimed to determine the effects of various Ca/Mg quotients under polyethylene glycol (PEG)–induced osmotic stress on growth, uptake and translocation of Ca and Mg in Avena sativa (L). Plants were grown in nutrient solution supplemented with three different Ca/Mg molar quotients (0.18, 2, and 4). After 30 days plants were exposed to two different PEG (Polyethylene glycol) concentrations (0.6 MPa & 0.2 MPa) for 8 days, and solutions were renewed after 4 days. A solution containing Ca and Mg nutrients has mitigated the negative impact caused via osmotic stress on relative growth rate (RGR), absolute growth rate (AGR), crop growth rate (CGR), leaf area ratio (LAR), Leaf index ratio (LAI), root-shoot ratio (RSR), water use efficiency (WUE) and net assimilation rate (NAR). In addition, it adversely affected germination parameters, including final emergence percentage (FEP), mean germination time (MGT), Timson germination Index (TGI), germination rate index (GRI) and percent field capacity (%FC), of oat (Avena sativa L.). Mg and Ca in shoot and root and Ca translocation factor decreased with increasing Ca in solution, while Mg translocation factor increased with increasing Ca in nutrient solution. In this work, the combined effects of various Ca/Mg quotients and osmotic stress produced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) in different concentrations (0.6 MPa, 0.2 MPa) on the growth and element uptake of Avena sativa L. are examined. As a result, the Ca/Mg Quotient may naturally combat the moderate drought stress experienced by field crops.
Agências de mulheres nas independências: das lutas bolivarianas aos levantes brasileiros
Authors: Ibarra Elizabeth Ruano , Resende Viviane
Published: September 2022

Resumo Focamos na agência de mulheres em movimentos de independência do colonialismo ibérico. Na trajetória política de Manuela Sáenz, buscamos recuperar a diversidade de papéis desempenhados por mulheres na independência da coroa espanhola. No caso brasileiro, as contribuições de Bárbara de Alencar à revolução de Pernambuco, de Maria Quitéria de Jesus Alves e de Maria Felipa de Oliveira à libertação da Bahia. Embora essas trajetórias se diferenciem temporalmente, a subordinação que lhes é atribuída na historiografia é comum, daí a relevância do debate articulado de suas agências. A apropriação de saberes proibidos aponta para os esforços individualizados pelo deslocamento das condições de subordinação patriarcal. Sua ação, contudo, foi restringida pelos padrões patriarcais, obrigando-as a travestir-se ou relegando sua relevância histórica a personagens masculinos de suas relações.
Pela Ciência, contra os cientistas? Negacionismo e as disputas em torno das políticas de saúde durante a pandemia
Authors: Duarte Daniel Edler , Benetti Pedro Rolo
Published: September 2022

Resumo Políticas de controle da pandemia de Covid-19 têm sido alvo de disputas no Brasil, com autoridades divergindo sobre formas de tratamento e os efeitos das estratégias de distanciamento social. Análises recentes caracterizam tais disputas como uma “batalha ideológica” de Bolsonaro contra “argumentos racionais” de especialistas e da OMS. Além disso, críticos caracterizam Bolsonaro como um representante do “populismo científico” que produz fake news para sustentar pautas negacionistas. Neste artigo, dialogamos com o campo de estudos de Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) para analisar os usos da ciência durante a pandemia. Demostramos que Bolsonaro não nega enunciados científicos in toto, mas busca legitimar suas políticas de saúde a partir das controvérsias públicas sobre a ciência. Ao explorar os meandros da produção de fatos científicos, o que Bolsonaro faz é questionar as credenciais da OMS e acusar opositores de politizarem pesquisas sobre formas de contenção da pandemia. Em outras palavras, Bolsonaro e seu entorno avançam uma imagem transcendental da Ciência, que reifica a divisão moderna entre o saber científico e a cultura, para criticar a contaminação ideológica de algumas instituições científicas no período de pandemia. Tal postura revela o jogo de poder epistêmico intrínseco ao debate contemporâneo sobre pós-verdade, no qual ideologia, esoterismo e desrazão são atribuídos sempre ao enunciado do outro.
Statistics and political management during the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic in Argentina
Authors: Daniel Claudia , Marchesini Natalia Romero , Lanata-Briones Cecilia T.
Published: September 2022

Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic triggered the generation as well as the ample circulation of health statistics. This article examines the role that Covid-19 statistics acquired in the management of the Argentine health emergency. Argentina adopted lockdown measures early and initially had a strict social confinement with subsequent relaxations that became a coordination challenge in a society in crisis. This research followed a qualitative methodological strategy supported by systematic analysis of regulations, government reports, press articles, and presidential press conferences. On the one hand, the article explores the institutional structure behind the elaboration of Covid-19 statistics, focusing on statistical classifications, and underlines the tensions to which it was exposed. On the other hand, it shows how statistics were used to bestow legitimacy to the decisions of the political authority, staged in true rituals of quantification, as they were a means through which that authority was exercised. In addition to attributing meaning to a shared experience, statistical indicators became a device for coordinating action at a distance and from the center, restricting the margins of discretionary action of the subnational authorities and operating as an external and impersonal mechanism of regulation in a society disrupted by an exceptional situation.