bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkiye’de besi sığırcılığı yatırımlarında reel opsiyonların değerlemesi
Authors: ÇELEBİ Bülent , CEYHAN Vedat
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Günümüze kadar Türkiye’de besi sığırcılığı yatırım kararları, yeterli bilgi birikimi olmadığından reel opsiyonlar göz ardı edilerek yatırımın değerini olduğundan daha düşük değerde gösteren geleneksel yöntemlerle alınmış ve bu yaklaşım bazen kabul edilmesi gereken yatırımların reddedilmesine yol açmıştır. Besi sığırcılığı yatırımlarında reel opsiyonların belirlenmesi, reel opsiyonlarının değerlemesinin yapılması ve reel opsiyonların değerinin yatırımı ekonomik olarak cazip kılmak açısından yeterli olup olmadığının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Araştırmada Türkiye’de 14 ilde faaliyet gösteren 385 işletmeden anket ve gözlem, ilgili kuruluşlardan ise bireysel mülakatla toplanan verilerle; TUİK, FAO, üretici birlikleri ve diğer kuruluşlardan sağlanan veriler kullanılmıştır. Reel opsiyonların değerlemesi binomiyal ve monte carlo simülasyonu yöntemleriyle yapılmıştır.
Araştırma Bulguları: Araştırma sonuçları Türkiye’de net bugünkü değeri -1.79 milyon ₺ olan 150 baş kapasiteli besi sığırcılığı yatırımın sahip olduğu erteleme opsiyonu değerinin 0.91 milyon ₺, genişleme opsiyonu değerinin 0.39 milyon ₺ ve girdi-çıktıları değiştirme opsiyonu değerinin 0.22 milyon ₺ olduğunu göstermiştir.
Sonuç: Geleneksel NBD ve reel opsiyonlar yöntemine göre hesaplanan yatırımın genişletilmiş NBD değerleri, Türkiye’de besi sığırcılığı yatırımlarının desteklenmesi gerektiğine işaret etmiştir.
Development of mathematical models to predict the load-carrying capacity of tractor tires on rigid surface
Authors: KÖMEKÇİ Fırat , DEĞİRMENCİOĞLU Adnan
Published: July 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop the load-carrying capacity models of tractor tires on the rigid surface for both, radial and bias tires.
Material and Methods: In order to develop functions, two tire constructional variables (section width and overall diameter), inflation pressure, and forward speed for the load-carrying capacity model were considered. The models developed in the literature for the load-carrying capacity of tires on rigid and soil surfaces were built on some limited data and as a result of this, the predominant variable and contribution of other variables still remain unknown. This study has the widest range of tractor tire sizes (width and diameter). The load-carrying capacity models developed in this study were verified with the theoretical models and experimental measurement values in the literature.
Results: As a result of the study, it was found that the appropriate mathematical models were in non-linear (power) form and the coefficient of determination of the models was greater than 0.95.
Conclusion: The models were verified against published data in the literature and found that the predictions from the models are in good agreement with the measured values.
Pigmentação Cutânea Secundária a Minociclina
Authors: Figueiredo Carolina , Xavier Maria Manuel
Published: July 2023

N/a.
The Extent of Applying the Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation "CAEP" Standards in Teacher Education Programs in the Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum
Authors: أونيا د. سيف الدين إدريس , لقمان د. أبكر يعقوب آدم
Published: July 2023

This study aimed at identifying the extent of applying the "CAEP" Standards in the teacher preparation programs in the Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum. To achieve the aim of the study, a descriptive method was used, and it relied on a questionnaire that was applied to a sample of (97) faculty members, which consisted of (66) items divided into (5) standards: content and pedagogical knowledge; clinical partnerships and practice; candidate quality (recruitment and selectivity); program impact; and provider quality assurance and continuous improvement. The results showed a moderate level of applying the "CAEP" standards in teacher preparation programs in the Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum. There were no differences in the level of application the "CAEP" standards attributed to gender.
Studies on the source and phase characteristics of oil and gas: evidence from hydrocarbon geochemistry in the Pingbei Area of Xihu Sag, the East China Sea Shelf Basin, China
Authors: Li Wei , Chen Jianfa , Liu Kaixuan , Fu Rao , Chen Cong , Wang Yinxun , Zhu Xinjian , Chen Xiaodong , Zhang Tonglei , He Liwen
Published: July 2023

The Pingbei area is the main accumulation area of oil and gas in the Xihu Sag. The phase characteristics of oil and gas in this area are complex, and the understanding of their genesis is still unclear. In this paper, based upon discussions of crude oil and natural gas geochemical data, integrated with local geological features, we discuss the sources, migration, and phase state characteristics of oil and gas in the Pingbei area of the Xihu Sag. The study results showed that the crude oil and natural gas in the Pingbei area are coal-derived and the oil and gas produced by the humic organic matter during the maturity stage. The oil and gas source correlation showed that crude oil and natural gas have good affinity with the Eocene Pinghu Formation (PF) coal-bearing source rocks. Crude oil has the characteristics of near-source accumulation and short-distance migration while natural gas is supplied from a dual source: the coal-derived hydrocarbon rocks of PH in the deep part of the study area, supplemented by the coal-derived hydrocarbon rocks of PH on the bottom of the slope, and adjacent hydrocarbon-bearing sub sag. The distribution characteristics and geochemical migration indices of hydrocarbon showed that the oil generated from the hydrocarbon source rocks of PH in the deep Pingbei area mainly migrates vertically along the fault connecting the reservoir and the source rocks to the trap, where it accumulates, while the natural gas exhibits deep and large faults that mainly migrate vertically, supplemented by its lateral migration along the composite transport system composed of faults and sandstone layers in the slope zone. The mechanisms of produced, exhausted, and geochromatographic effects (PGE), as well as evaporative fractionation (EF) and phase-controlled migration fractionation (PMF), result in the obvious discrepancy of hydrocarbon’s properties on the vertical profiles.
Market Availability of Insect-Based Food Products in Poland
Authors: Szulc Karolina
Published: July 2023

In Poland, there has recently been a lot of interest in the possible use of insects as a new food source. Since they have many nutritional and environmental advantages, insects are a promising and sustainable source of protein. Although, in many parts of the world insects are a highly valued food, in Poland the development of insect-based food has only recently started, and the availability of products on the market is constantly increasing. This study examines the market availability of food products with insect additives in Poland, considering both online and sta-tionary stores. The assortment of products was analyzed based on the country of origin, insect species, form of insects, and product category. Polish consumers have more access to in-sect-based food products than ever before, with whole insects, protein bars, and powdered ver-sions predominating the market's offers..
Label-Free DNA Biosensor Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide and Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Chiticaru Elena Alina , Damian Celina Maria , Pilan Luisa , Ioniță Mariana
Published: July 2023

Currently available DNA detection techniques frequently require compromises between simplicity, speed, accuracy, and cost. Here, we propose a simple, label-free and cost-effective DNA detection platform developed at screen printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) modified with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The preparation of the detection platform involved a two-step electrochemical procedure based on GO reduction onto SPCEs followed by the electrochemical reduction of HAuCl4 to facilitate the post-grafting reaction with AuNPs. The final sensor was fabricated by the simple physical adsorption of a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe onto AuNPs-RGO/SPCE electrode. Each preparation step was confirmed by morphological and structural characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of the modified electrodes have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results demonstrated that the introduction of AuNPs onto RGO/SPCEs led to an enhancement in surface conductivity, characteristic that favored an increased sensitivity in detection. The detection process relied on the change in the electrochemical signal induced by the binding of target DNA to the bioreceptor, and was monitored particularly by the change in the charge transfer resistance of a [Fe(CN)6]4−/3− redox couple added in the test solution.
Recommendations for Developing a Telemedicine Strategy for Botswana: A Meta-Synthesis
Authors: Ncube Benson , Mars Maurice , Scott Richard E
Published: July 2023

Botswana is developing its eHealth capacity using a National eHealth Strategy. However, that Strategy overlooks telemedicine, a potential solution for many healthcare challenges. For telemedicine to benefit Botswana, a telemedicine-specific strategy is required. While establishing a national strategy is a sovereign responsibility, guidance and recommendations can be provided. Using published resources specific to Botswana, key health-related issues were identified. These issues were matched with suitable telemedicine activities and delivery approaches. Recommendations were then derived from these for use in an effective telemedicine-specific strategy for Botswana. From 28 health-related issues, six were prioritised. Three telemedicine activities were identified (clinical services, education, and behaviour change), and one delivery approach was chosen (store-and-forward) because they align well with current needs, infrastructure, and mobile phone user capabilities. Since telemedicine has been proven to be effective, efficient, and cost-effective when implemented correctly this knowledge and experience, plus a recognised strategy development framework, has led to evidence-based recommendations. Specific telemedicine options were identified as examples. As confidence grows, telemedicine options can be expanded to address additional clinical needs and explore alternative activities and delivery options. The recommendations can help the Government develop a telemedicine-specific strategy that aligns with the National eHealth Strategy while actively promoting and supporting the adoption and system integration of straightforward telemedicine interventions. This foundation will facilitate the future expansion of telemedicine initiatives for the benefit of all Batswana.
The Role of Endogenous Beta-Endorphin and Enkephalins in the Crosstalk between Ethanol and Morphine
Authors: Tseng Andy , Hamid Abdul , Lutfy Kabirullah
Published: July 2023

There is clinical concern about the combined use of alcohol and opiates. Several lines of evidence support an interaction between alcohol and the endogenous opioid system. Thus, we hypothesized that ethanol by causing the release of opioid peptides may sensitize the system to the action of exogenous opioids such as morphine. In this study, using the place conditioning paradigm as an animal model of reward, we determined whether a morphine challenge would alter the pre-established preference induced by ethanol conditioning in mice, and whether this response was mediated by the mu opioid receptor (MOP). Given that ethanol exposure stimulates the release of opioid peptides, we also assessed the role of beta-endorphin (β-END) and enkephalins (ENKs) in this response. Mice lacking MOP, β-END and/ or ENKs as well as their respective wild-type controls were tested for baseline place preference on day 1, conditioned with ethanol (2 g/kg) versus saline on days 2 to 4 and then tested under a drug-free state for postconditioning place preference on day 5. On day 8, mice received a single injection of morphine (5 mg/kg) and were tested for place preference. On each test day, mice were placed in the central neutral chamber and allowed to freely explore the conditioning chambers. The amount of time that mice spent in each chamber was recorded. We found that a challenge dose of morphine given on day 8 enhanced the CPP response in mice previously conditioned with ethanol. This response was abolished in MOP null mice, confirming the role of MOP in this response. Although this enhanced response was not altered in mice lacking either β-end or ENKs compared to their wild-type littermates/controls, it was completely blunted in mice lacking both β-end and enkephalins. Together, these results suggest that these opioid peptides jointly mediate the crosstalk between the rewarding actions of morphine and ethanol.
Micro- and Macrovascular Effects of Inflammation in Peripheral Artery Disease – Pathophysiology and Translational Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Poledniczek Michael , Neumayer Christoph , Kopp Christoph W. , Schlager Oliver , Gremmel Thomas , Jozkowicz Alicja , Gschwandtner Michael E. , Koppensteiner Renate , Wadowski Patricia P.
Published: July 2023

Inflammation has a critical role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. On the molecular level, inflammatory pathways negatively impact endothelial barrier properties and thus tissue homeostasis. Conformational changes and destruction of the glycocalyx further promote proinflammatory pathways also contributing to procoagulability and a prothrombotic state. In addition, changes in the extracellular matrix composition lead to (peri-)vascular remodelling and alterations of the vessel wall, e.g., aneurysm formation. Moreover, progressive fibrosis leads to reduced tissue perfusion due to loss of functional capillaries. The present review aims at discussing molecular and clinical effects of inflammatory processes on the micro- and microvas-culature with a focus on peripheral artery disease.
Study on the Influence of Erbium and Preheating Process on Mechanical Properties of As-Cast 7055 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Li Jingwei , Li Faguo
Published: July 2023

Although 7055 aluminum alloy is a deformed aluminum alloy and will show excellent mechanical properties after recrystallization after large deformation, it is a method to enrich its application range if rare earth is added and the rare earth phase dispersion is promoted by heat treatment. This article used optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), micro Vickers hardness and room temperature stretching methods to study the as-cast 7055-xEr (x=0wt.%, 0.2wt.%, 0.4wt.%, 0.6wt.%, 0.8wt.%) aluminum alloy after being subjected to 460 oC×3h homogenization and 410 oC×1h solid solution+150 oC×12h aging treatment the changes in microstructure and properties. The results indicated that: when 0.2wt.%Er was added to 7055 aluminum alloy after solution at 410 oC×1h and aging at 150 oC×12h, the dendrite structure was significantly reduced, the grain thinning was obvious and the distribution was uniform, Al8Cu4Er phase appeared in the lamellar eutectic η-Mg(Zn,Al,Cu)2 structure at grain boundaries, and the hardness reached 168.8HV. The yield strength, tensile strength and elongation were 542.12Mpa, 577.67MPa and 8.36%, respectively.
ACE2 and a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula NRICM101 Could Alleviate the Inflammation and Pathogenic Process of Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Lin Cheng-Han , Chen Yi-Ju , Lin Meng-Wei , Chang Ho-Ju , Yang Xin-Rui , Lin Chih-Sheng
Published: July 2023

COVID-19 is a highly infectious respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2, and acute lung injury (ALI) is the major cause of COVID-19. The challenge in studying SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity is the limited availability of animal models. Therefore, it is necessary to establish animal models that can reproduce multiple characteristics of ALI to study therapeutic applications. The present study established a mouse model that has features of ALI that are similar to COVID-19 syndrome to investigate the role of ACE2 and the administration of the Chinese herbal prescription NRICM101 in ALI. Mice with genetic modifications, including overexpression of human ACE2 (K18-hACE2 TG) and absence of ACE2 (mACE2 KO), were intratracheally instillated with hydrochloric acid. The acid intratracheal instillation induced severe immune cell infiltration, cytokine storms, and pulmonary disease in mice. Compared with K18-hACE2 TG mice, mACE2 KO mice exhibited dramatically increased levels of multiple inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, histological evidence of lung injury, and dysregulation of MAPK and MMP activation. In mACE2 KO mice, NRICM101 could ameliorate the disease progression of acid-induced ALI. In conclusion, the established mouse model provided an effective platform for researchers to investigate pathological mechanisms and develop therapeutic strategies for ALI, including COVID-19-related ALI.
Effectiveness of the Booster Dose in Protecting against COVID 19, Colombia 2022
Authors: Gálvez Jubby Marcela , Pinzón-Rondón Ángela María , Chaparro-Solano Henry Mauricio , Tovar-Romero Hanna Valentina , Ramirez-Prieto Juliana , Ortigoza-Espitia Sergio Andres , Ruiz-Sternberg Ángela María
Published: July 2023

Vaccination has proven to be one of the most effective strategies against the COVID 19 pandemic. Several studies have evaluated and confirmed its effectiveness in different populations, particularly in reducing severe outcomes such as hospitalization and death. However, the potential of vaccination to protect against infection itself has been overlooked. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the booster dose in a sample of Colombian patients during the fourth wave of COVID-19 pandemic, which was associated with the emergence and predominance of the Omicron variant. A cross-sectional study was conducted on individuals who underwent RT-PCR testing for COVID-19 detection in a dedicated laboratory in Bogotá, Colombia, between December 30th 2021 and February 7th 2022. A total of 1,468 subjects were included in the study. The comparison between fully vaccinated individuals with a booster dose and those without the booster dose revealed a 28% reduction in the odds of infection (OR = 0.719 CI 0.531 - 0.971). Age (OR = 1,009 CI 1,001 - 1,018) and low economic status (OR= 1,812 CI 1,416- 2,319) were associated with an increased risk of infection.These findings suggest the need for booster vaccination in the general population to improve the prevention rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and mitigate severe outcomes.
Analysis of Healthcare Spending in Uzbekistan: Economic Implications and Policy Recommendations
Authors: Juraev Zuhriddin , Ahn Young-Jin
Published: July 2023

In this research, we investigate the healthcare expenditure patterns in Uzbekistan, analyze their economic implications, and provide policy recommendations. The study focuses on the time frame from 2000 to 2019, employing quantitative data analysis, theoretical frameworks such as Wagner’s Law, and an economic geography perspective. Our objective is to gain insights into the relationship between economic development and healthcare spending, identify spatial disparities, and forecast future trends. The findings reveal fluctuations in per capita healthcare spending, emphasizing the necessity for sustainable financing mechanisms and preventive measures. Ultimately, our study underscores the significance of aligning healthcare expenditure decisions with economic objectives while prioritizing the well-being of the population.
Improved Sea Ice Image Segmentation using U2-Net and Data Set Augmentation
Authors: Li Yongjian , Li He , Fan Dazhao , Li Zhixin , Ji Song
Published: July 2023

Sea ice extraction and segmentation of remote sensing images is the basis for sea ice monitoring. Machine learning-based image segmentation methods rely on manual sampling and require complex feature extraction. Deep-learning semantic segmentation methods have the advantages of high efficiency, intelligence, and automation. Sea ice segmentation using deep learning methods faces the following problems: in terms of datasets, the high cost of sea ice image label production leads to fewer datasets for sea ice segmentation; in terms of image quality, remote sensing image noise and Severe weather conditions affects image quality, which affects the ac-curacy of sea ice extraction. To address the quantity and quality of the dataset, this study used multiple data augmentation methods for data expansion. To improve the semantic segmentation accuracy, the SC-U2-Net network was constructed using multi-scale inflation convolution and a multi-layer Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) attention mechanism for the U2-Net network. The experiments showed that (1) data augmentation solved the problem of an insuffi-cient number of training samples to a certain extent and improved the accuracy of image seg-mentation. (2) This study designed a multilevel Gaussian noise data augmentation scheme to improve the network's ability to resist noise interference and achieve a more accurate segmenta-tion of images with different degrees of noise pollution. (3) The inclusion of a multi-scale inflation perceptron and multi-layer CBAM attention mechanism improved the ability of U2-Net network feature extraction and enhanced the model accuracy and generalization ability.
Neuropsychology of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Clinical Setting. A Systematic Evaluation
Authors: Gkintoni Evgenia , Ortiz Paula Suárez
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the various articles published in the field of neuropsychology of anxiety research in terms of publication type and volume, methodology, and subject matter. The significance of this topic derives from the clinical and functional consequences of cognitive symptoms. Generalized anxiety disorder refers to the cluster of clinical symptoms characterized by predominant anxious anticipation and difficulty controlling worry. In order for the review to be systematic and reproducible, a search of the PsycINFO, Scopus, PubMed, Elsevier databases and an analysis using the PRISMA method are suggested. After analyzing the research data, empirical studies evaluating the clinical neuropsychology of generalized anxiety disorder are discussed.
Insights into the Function of ESCRT and Its Role in Enveloped Virus Infection
Authors: Wang Chunxuan , Chen Yu , Hu Shunlin , Liu Xiufan
Published: July 2023

The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) is an essential molecular machinery in eukaryotic cells that facilitates the invagination of endosomal membranes, leading to the formation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs). It participates in various cellular processes, including lipid bilayer remodeling, cytoplasmic separation, autophagy, membrane fission and remodeling, plasma membrane repair, as well as the invasion, budding, and release of certain enveloped viruses. The ESCRT complex consists of five complexes, ESCRT-0 to ESCRT-III and VPS4, along with several accessory proteins. ESCRT-0 to ESCRT-II form soluble complexes that shuttle between the cytoplasm and membranes, mainly responsible for recruiting and transporting membrane proteins and viral particles, as well as recruiting ESCRT-III for membrane neck scission. ESCRT-III, a soluble monomer, directly participates in vesicle scission and release, while VPS4 hydrolyzes ATP to provide energy for ESCRT-III complex disassembly, enabling recycling. Studies have confirmed the hijacking of ESCRT complexes by enveloped viruses to facilitate their entry, replication, and budding. Recent research has focused on the interaction between various components of the ESCRT complex and different viruses. In this review, we discuss how different viruses hijack specific ESCRT regulatory proteins to impact the viral life cycle, aiming to explore commonalities in the interaction between viruses and the ESCRT system.
Setting Research Priorities for Effective Climate Change Management and Policymaking: A Delphi Study in Bolivia and Paraguay
Authors: Marques Jorge , Guiló Mario , Bas Enric , Ramazanova Makhabbat , Albuquerque Helena
Published: July 2023

The main purpose of this article is to identify key areas of research on climate change in the context of the SDGs, focusing on the potential development impacts on Bolivia and Paraguay. Application of the Delphi technique with the involvement of a panel of experts allowed the consolidation of different perspectives and knowledge on climate change, focusing on those that experts considered to have the greatest potential impact on the regions. The results of this study constitute a valuable guide for decision-makers and funding bodies, highlighting research areas that could have a significant impact at the national and regional levels, as well as for researchers, identifying specific research areas crucial for regional development and climate change mitigation.
Determination of Individual Magnetic Particle Sources in Sediments from the Wae Tomu River Estuary, Ambon City, Indonesia: Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscope (EDX) Analysis
Authors: Huliselan Estevanus Kristian , Talakua Melvie , Tehubijuluw Hellna , Wattimury Latuhorte
Published: July 2023

This paper describes the determination of individual magnetic particle sources found in the sediment of the Wae Tomu river estuary in Ambon City, Indonesia. The sample used was a magnetic particle extracted from the sediment. As comparative data, magnetic particles were also extracted from the soil in the river upstream. These particles were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM analysis results showed that the magnetic particles found in the sediment have a spherule-shaped and framboid-like surface morphology measuring ≈43–97 mm, while magnetic particles found in the soil were octahedral and angular-shaped with a maximum length of ≈40–60 mm. The majority of the elemental composition of the magnetic particles from the sediment were Fe and O, followed by minor elements of Zn, Cu, S, Al, Si, and Cr. In contrast, the majority of elements from the soil were Fe and O, followed by minor elements of Ti, Al, and Mg. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis results show that the magnetic particles of the sediment are chromite and magnesite, while the soil is magnetite. Based on the morphological characteristics and elemental composition, the magnetic particles from the sediment originated from anthropogenic sources, i.e., motor vehicle emissions. In addition, SEM and EDX can be used to distinguish individual magnetic particles from anthropogenic and natural sources.
Electrochemical DNA-Based Sensor for the Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Prominent Causal Agent of Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Florien Nkurunziza , . Usha , Sharma Surbhi , Kala Deepak , Gupta Shagun , Kaushal Ankur
Published: July 2023

Objective The aim of the study is to develop an electrochemical DNA based sensor for detection of Klebsiella pneumonia a prominent causal agent of UTI by immobilizing a 5’ NH2 labelled ssDNA probe specific to fimH gene of Klebsiella pneumonia on GQDs modified screen printed electrode.
Results Present study involves the synthesis of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) based nanoparticles using hydrothermal method, and characterized using Fourier Transforming Infra-Red spectroscopy FTIR, Particle size analyzer and Fluorescence spectroscopy. The synthesized nanoparticles were dropping cast onto the screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) surface and used in electrochemical biosensor for detecting Klebsiella pneumonia, which is among the world’s leading pathogen causing urinary tract infections. In this study, specific NH2 labeled probe was immobilized onto GQDs fabricated electrode surface and the electrochemical response was recorded by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) using methylene blue as a redox indicator. Electrode surface characterizations were performed using FTIR spectroscopy. This nanofabricated chip was found to be very specific, user friendly, less time consuming and affordable to everyone. The developed sensor revealed a fabulous sensitivity of 0.0002 mA/mm2/ng with a limit of detection (LOD) of 3953 ng/µL.
Conclusion The GQDs modified paper electrode based genosensor for detection of Klebsiella pneumonia showed an outstanding sensitivity as well as limit od detection denoted by revealing the smallest concentration of this pathogen from patient sample.
Adaptive Sliding Mode Compensation Control for the Tendon Sheath Based on Inverse Model
Authors: Yang Mingxing , Xia Yulei , Zhang Xing , Wang Liwei
Published: July 2023

Tendon sheath transmission system (TSTS) has been widely adopted in many cases due to its characteristics of simple structure, flexible transmission path, and applicability for long-distance power transmission. However, the characteristics of displacement gap and hysteresis inside the tendon sheath seriously hinder its transmission accuracy. In this paper, the static and dynamic models of TSTS were established and experimentally verified. Then, the sliding mode compensation control (SMCC) based on the inverse model has been proposed. In SMCC, with the displacement of the actuation side as a feedback signal, compensation control was realized and its stability and accuracy was experimentally verified. In addition, the perturbation of system parameters might decrease the optimal working performance of the sliding mode controller. Therefore, an adaptive sliding mode compensation control (ASMCC) based on an inverse model was proposed. The adaptive control algorithm was used to estimate the dynamic parameters of the system online and combined with the sliding mode controller to achieve the adaptive compensation control. Finally, compensation control experiments were separately conducted with/without interference and the performance of PID, SMC, and ASMC algorithms was experimentally compared. Under two experimental conditions with/without interference, compared to PID compensation control (PIDCC), SMC algorithm respectively decreased the system output force (MAE value) by 26.57% and 56.38%. Compared with SMCC, ASMCC respectively reduced the MAE value of the system output force by 22.34% and 11.14%. Comparative experiments confirmed the feasibility and performance of ASMCC in tendon sheath transmission.
Based on YOLOv5 lightweight submarine target detection algorithm
Authors: Likun MEI , Zhili CHEN
Published: July 2023

Submarine recognition is of paramount importance for maritime security and military defense. To address the limitations of traditional submarine recognition algorithms, which are restricted by limited feature representation capability and poor robustness, as well as the deployment bottleneck of deep learning methods on embedded and mobile platforms, an improved YOLOv5-based lightweight submarine automatic recognition detection algorithm is proposed. By employing the Feature Pyramid based on MobileNetV3 and the C3_DS module, the model's computation and parameter complexity are reduced while ensuring high precision in submarine recognition. The problem of missed detections is addressed through the combination with the adaptive neck of the SA-net strategy, thereby enhancing the accuracy of submarine target detection and recognition. Testing the improved model on a submarine dataset demonstrates significant improvements in Precision, Recall, and mAP0.5, with respective increases of 8.54%, 6.02%, and 3.36%. Moreover, a reduction of 34.1% in parameter quantity and 67.9% in computational complexity is achieved, showcasing notable lightweight effects.
A parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5)-vectored intranasal vaccine for Lyme disease provides long-lasting protection against tick transmitted Borrelia burgdorferi in mice
Authors: Gomes-Solecki Maria , Gingerich Maria Cristina , Nair Nisha , Azevedo Jose , Samanta Kamalika , Kundu Suman , He Biao
Published: July 2023

Lyme disease (LD) is the most prevalent vector borne disease in North America and Europe and its geographic range continues to expand. Strategies for disease control are necessary to effectively reduce incidence of LD including development of safe vaccines for human use. Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) vector has an excellent safety record in animals and PIV5- vectored COVID-19 and RSV vaccines are currently under clinical development. We constructed PIV5-vectored LD vaccine candidates expressing OspA from B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (OspAB31) and a chimeric protein containing sequences from B. burgdorferi and B. afzelii (OspABPBPk). Immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy were analyzed in C3H-HeN mice after prime-boost intranasal (IN) vaccination with PIV5-OspAB31 and PIV5-OspABPBPk, subcutaneous (SC) vaccination with rOspAB31+Alum as well as the respective controls. Mice vaccinated with either PIV5-AB31 or PIV5-ABPBPk intranasally had high endpoint titers of serum antibody against OspA antigen beyond 1 year post vaccination, similar to levels detected in mice vaccinated SC with rOspAB31. Flowcytometric analysis of spleen cells at 9-months post-immunization demonstrated that immunization with the intranasal PIV5 vaccine candidates led to an overall increase in the number of memory B cells, cytotoxic T and cytotoxic effector T cells compared to SC groups. Borreliacidal activity measured by neutralization assay was maintained up to 18 months post-immunization, with the response greater in intranasal PIV5-delivered OspA vaccines, than that induced by SC rOspAB31. Challenge with infected ticks (10-19 strains of B. burgdorferi) performed at 4-, 9- or 15-months post-immunization showed increased breakthrough infections in mice vaccinated with SC rOspAB31 compared to IN PIV5-AB31 or IN PIV5-ABPBPk at 9- and 15-months, as determined by qPCR of B. burgdorferi in tissues, culture of B. burgdorferi from tissues, and antibodies against B. burgdorferi protein VIsE. These data demonstrate that intranasal PIV5-based immunization is superior to parenteral immunization with the same recombinant protein and provides long-lasting protection (> 1 year) against Lyme disease.
An Effective Method for Small Objects Detection based on MDFFAM and LKSPP
Authors: Xu Zhoutian , Xu Yadong , Wang Manyi
Published: July 2023

Object detection is one of the research hotspots in the field of computer vision. However, most object detectors are not friendly to identify small targets. Therefore, the paper proposes the MDFFAM (Multi-Directional Feature Fusion Attention Mechanism) and the LKSPP (Large Kernel Spatial Pyramid Pooling) module to help the detector effectively identify subtle faults on the surface of mechanical equipment. LKSPP aims to expand the receptive field to capture high level semantic features through large kernels, and the MDFFAM allows the network to efficiently use spatial location information and adaptively recognize detection priorities. In the detection task, the MDFFAM can capture feature information along the three spatial directions of width, height and channel, making full use of the location information while establishing stable long-range dependencies. Moreover, LKSPP has a larger receptive field and less computational burden than the SPPCSPC used by YOLOv7. Finally, the experiments demonstrate that the proposed module can effectively improve the detection accuracy of the object detector for small targets, even surpassing the state-of-the-art object detector YOLOv7, and MDFFAM can almost ignore the computational overhead.
The Measurement of Subjective Household Poverty: Concepts and Application
Authors: Łuczak Aleksandra , Kalinowski Sławomir
Published: July 2023

Poverty is a multi-dimensional phenomenon that cannot be directly measured correctly by a single indicator. Research on poverty uses objective and subjective indicators. Objective measures do not represent the true nature of poverty, because they are mainly based on income and expenses. Hence, our research focuses on subjective poverty, which shows the diversity of respondents’ perceptions of poverty. The aim is to present and compare methodological approaches to the construction of a synthetic measure of subjective household poverty. The research took account of the aggregation of variables describing the past, present, and future. The approaches use the modified classical and fuzzy Hellwig’s and TOPSIS methods, and were used to assess the level of subjective household poverty in Poland. The study was based on primary data from 2021. The use of fuzzy approaches to the assessment of subjective poverty allows for a more precise assessment of its level than in classical approaches.
Detecting malicious attacks using Cyber-security models using Deep learning approach
Authors: Alamyar Akhtar Mohammad , Li weihao , Wang zhanquan
Published: July 2023

In recent years, invaders have been increasing rapidly in the internet world. Gen- erally, to detect anonymous attackers, the algorithm needs more features. Many algorithms fail in the efficiency of detecting malicious activity. The deep learning approach has been used in cyber security use cases, namely, intrusion detection, malware analysis, traffic analysis, spam and phishing detection etc. In this work, to leverage the application of deep learning architectures towards cyber secu- rity, we consider malicious activity detection using Bi-LSTM. In the experiments of intrusion detection using the dataset UGR’16, the deep learning approach performed better when compared to the combination of Bi-LSTM with an autoen- coder neural network model. Moreover, the approach without autoencoder, both precision and recall are 99 Percentage for just the Bi-LSTM model in detecting malicious activities in cyber security. Moreover by using Autoencoder as feature enginerring does not yeild any higher performance when modelling deep learn- ing algorithm using Bi-directional LSTM. However, when using with Bi-LSTM without Autoencoder, the performace are more efficient and better.
Molecular structure, HOMO–LUMO, and First Order Hyperpolarizability studies of some quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide derivatives: hybrid computational (HF and DFT) analysis
Authors: Rezvan Vahideh Hadigheh
Published: July 2023

The theoretical investigation results of quinoxaline-1, 4-dioxide (I), and some of its derivatives (II-VII) were reported in this paper. Quantum chemical calculations were performed on 7 molecules at ab initio/RHF/6-311 + + G (d, p) and DFT/B3LYP/6-311 + + G (d, p) levels of theory. Calculated optimized molecular structures, dipole moments, polarizabilities, and first order hyperpolarizabilities for all molecules were dedicated. Also, the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), EHOMO (the highest occupied molecular orbital energy), ELUMO (the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy), HOMO-LUMO energy gap (ΔE), and quantum chemical parameters such as chemical potential (Pi), absolute electronegativity (χ), chemical hardness (η), global softness (S), and global electrophilicity (ω) are investigated. 1HNMR spectrum for quinoxaline-1, 4-dioxide (I) was calculated and compared with experimental data. The results of two theoretical methods have been analyzed using the Excel program in the linear regression method.
Association of polymorphisms in FBN1, MYH11, and TGF-β signaling-related genes with susceptibility of sporadic thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection in the Zhejiang Han population
Authors: Yu Shasha , Huang Lujie , Ren Jianfei , Zhang Xiaoying
Published: July 2023

The genetic basis of sporadic thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (sTAAD) has not been fully explored. Thus, we investigated the association between polymorphisms in myosin heavy chain 11 (MYH11), fibrillin-1 (FBN1), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling-related genes with sTAAD susceptibility. Herein, 122 sTAAD patients and 98 healthy individuals were recruited, and 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected and analyzed (FBN1 rs10519177, rs1036477, rs2118181, MYH11 rs115364997, rs117593370, TGFβ1 rs1800469, TGFβ2 rs900, TGFβR2 rs764522, rs1036095, and rs6785385). Moreover, multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate gene-environment interactions. TGFβR2 rs1036095, FBN1 rs1036477, and FBN1 rs2118181 were identified as factors of increased risk of sTAAD. TGFβR2 rs1036095 dominant model CC+CG genotype (P=0.004), FBN1 rs1036477 recessive model AA genotype(P=0.009), and FBN1 rs2118181 dominant model CC+CT genotype(P=0.009) were correlated to an increased death rate in sTAAD patients. Furthermore, TGFβR2 rs6785385, FBN1 rs10519177, FBN1 rs1036477, and FBN1 rs2118181 were discovered to be bound up with an increased risk of sTAAD in men, whereas TGFβR2 rs1036095 was correlated to an increased risk of death from women sTAAD. Gene-environment interactions indicated TGFβR2rs1036095 dominant model (CC+CG)/GG to be a higher risk factor for sTAAD (OR=3.255,95%CI 1.324–8.000, P=0.01). Moreover, variations of TGFβR2 rs1036095, FBN1rs1036477, and FBN1 rs2118181 were identified to be associated with sTAAD in the Zhejiang Han population. Furthermore, TGFβR2 rs1036095 might be a prognostic indicator of mortality in sTAAD in women. Gene-environment interactions were associated with the risk of sTAAD.
Machine learning for the prediction of the in-hospital mortality of post-cardiac arrest patients ：a retrospective observational study
Authors: Lin Qingting , Zhang Nan , Jiang Hui , Zhu Huadong
Published: July 2023

Background
Worldwide, cardiac arrest is highly prevalent and associated with a high mortality rate. Despite timely CPR, a substantial proportion of cardiac arrest deaths occur in patients who return to spontaneous circulation (ROSC).Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the relevant factors affecting the prognosis of patients with cardiac arrest and develop an accurate and fast prognostic prediction model through machine learning with convenient clinical information.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective observational study. Data from 1772 cardiac arrest patients above 18 years of age from the MIMIC database were used to develop three machine learning models, including SVM, LR, and XGBoost models, for predicting in-hospital mortality. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score were calculated to evaluate these models.
Results
In our study, the XGBoost algorithm outperformed the other algorithms. The accuracy, recall value, precision value and F1 score of the XGBoost algorithm were 0.762, 0.812, 0.765, and 0.788, respectively. In addition, the AUC of the XGBoost model was larger than those of the LR and SVM models (0.847 vs. 0.834 vs. 0.747, respectively). The top 10 most important features of the XGboost algorithm were lactate_min,gcs_min,temperature_max,weight_kg,CK_MB_max,bun_min,glucose_min,spo2_min,wbc_min,and heart_rate_min. The XGBoost algorithm provided more personalized and reliable prognostic information for cardiac arrest patients than the other algorithms.
Conclusions
The prognostic prediction model for patients with cardiac arrest established by the XGBoost algorithm includes indicators that had certain predictive value for disease severity in previous studies. Compared with other models, this model can provide more accurate and considerable prognostic information, facilitate communication between patients' families and doctors about the disease, and help doctors make clinical decisions.
6-Gingerol Promotes Apoptosis of Cancer Cells in Ovary Through the Activation of the Signaling Pathway for miR-506/Gli3
Authors: Wu Hong-Hu , Xiong Jun , Jiang Hui , Li Huan , Tan Xiao-Qing , He Xiao-Ju , Cheng Xue
Published: July 2023

Background: It has been found using gingerol homologs that ginger plant rhizomes can potentially guarantee human health, which includes preventing and treating cancer. Here, we investigated 6-Gingerol’s anticancer activities and its mechanisms of action in cancer cells.
Methods: We used MTT assays to measure cell growth, flow cytometry to assess the proliferation, cytotoxicity, and cycle progression of cells, and western blotting to evaluate cyclin expression.
Results: In vitro, ovarian cancer cells underwent apoptosis following 6-Gingerol. 6-Gingerol suppressed GLI3 expression without affecting Bax, Bcl2, or Bcl-XL. We observed low miR-506 expression in ovarian cancer tissues, while 6-Gingerol significantly promotedits expression. miR-506 directly suppress GLI3 expression and caused apoptosis in SKOV3 cells.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that miR-5066-Gingerol upregulation could induce cancer cell apoptosis in the ovary. This study provides evidence supporting 6-Gingerol-based therapy for ovarian malignancy.
Identification of a Novel Hypoxia-Related Gene Prognostic Signature in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Hu Yibin , Zheng Yiyi
Published: July 2023

Background.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a well-known joint disorder characterized by inflammation. Current evidence suggests that immune cell infiltration plays an important role in the development of OA. This study explored the heterogeneity of immune cell infiltration in OA and its association with genes related to hypoxic conditions.
Methods.
We obtained OA-related expression dataset profiles (GSE98918 and GSE55235) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. By analyzing the differences between these datasets, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between both OA groups and screened DEGs associated with hypoxia. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were conducted to explore significantly enriched pathways associated with genes related to hypoxia with differential expression in osteoarthritis. We generated protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and networks of mRNA interactions with miRNA, RNA-binding protein (RBP), and transcription factor (TF). The CIBERSORT algorithm was finally used to explore immune infiltration patterns and examine the effect of inflammation on OA pathogenesis.
Results.
In the GSE98918 dataset, four immune cell types (regulatory T cells (Tregs), M1/M2 Macrophages, and resting Mast cells) demonstrated significant differences (P < 0.05) between OA and Normal groups and exhibited positive correlations. The infiltration levels of these four immune cell were significantly correlated with six hypoxia-related differentially expressed genes. In the GSE55235 dataset, ten immune cell types exhibited significant alterations (P < 0.05) between the OA and Normal groups, with most having negative correlations. These immune cell infiltration abundances were significantly correlated with six hypoxia-related DEGs.
Conclusion.
This study revealed the heterogeneity in immune cell infiltration abundance between OA and normal groups and their relationship with hypoxia-related genes. These discoveries contribute to our understanding of the development of OA and potential therapeutic targets.