bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geiseln in der jemenitischen Geschichte
Authors: Peskes Esther
Published: December 2022

More than any other country in the Near and Middle East, Yemen has become known for the taking of foreigners – tourists or others – as hostages during the last two decades. While such incidents evoke much international sensation, the fact that hostages were taken in Yemeni society itself for centuries has been generally ignored by the public, except for some experts on Yemen and the Yemenis themselves. The article explores the practice of local hostage taking, starting from the twentieth century, then going back to the historical dimension. Yemeni historiography from the Middle Ages and later as well as modern ethnographical and historical studies testify to the existence of a many-layered phenomenon rooted deeply in the political strategies of dynasties or powers aiming at central rule and in the tribal society. The article collects situations of hostage taking documented in the sources and examines them as to the parties engaged, the policies pursued and the fate of the individuals taken as hostages. Finally the article proposes an answer to the question why Yemen stands so unique amongst other regions in the Middle East in a political practice which is testified for from pre-Islamic times until the twentieth century.
Tendre l’arc
Authors: Andrianne Giles
Published: December 2022

Research in comparatism between Greek and Indian archaic texts revealed major connections between Mahābhārata 1, 175–181 and Odyssey 21, and specifically structural similarities between Odysseus’ return and Arjuna’s marriage to Draupadī. Moreover, Rāmāyaṇa 1, 66 also shows resemblance with the Greek text: the bending of the bow accomplished by Odysseus and Rāma revealed striking structural, textual and phraseologic parallels, which comforts the idea of common episodes and patterns in the Indo-Greek area.
Cultural Policies and Literary Legacies of Vietnamese Renovation
Authors: Healy Dana
Published: December 2022

This article examines the đổi mới (renovation) process in Vietnam from the lens of literature. Đổi mới represented a critical milestone in the modern history of Vietnam that marked a fundamental turning point in the development of Vietnamese literature, culture and art, paving the way to a rethinking of cultural policies and enabling Vietnamese literature to break free from its enslavement to politics. This article contextualizes the renovation and delineates the principal cultural policies governing Vietnamese literature in the 1986-91 period. It pays special attention to one of the most prominent representatives of renovation literature, the writer Nguyễn Huy Thiệp.
Representing Military Dependents’ Villages
Authors: Yu-ting Huang Phyllis
Published: December 2022

Military dependents’ village (juancun), in Mandarin Chinese, are communities built by the Nationalist Government between the 1950s and 1960s in order to accommodate soldiers and their families who had fled to Taiwan during and after the Chinese civil war. From the 1980s onwards, many literary works and films were produced to represent life in the villages. Although many of them were highly acclaimed, juancun culture was rapidly marginalized in the face of the growing socio-political trend towards Taiwanization. Stan Lai and Wang Weizhong’s play Baodao yi cun 寶島一村 [The Village] (2008) marked a turning point in the acceptance of juancun culture. Centring on nostalgic memories of juancun, it was well received not only in Taiwan, but also in Singapore, America, and China. It has also successfully popularised the related issues in Taiwan. In this paper, I will compare the play with some of the previous literary works and films on the villages, analyzing the reasons for its popularity in terms of its comedic presentation of juancun. I argue that while the earlier works highlight the feelings of helplessness and displacement of the Chinese immigrants, in order to demonstrate the unique experience and identity of the group, the play uses a humorous tone to tackle the heavy-hearted issues of Chinese exile, ethnic tensions and the problem of identity crisis. While, to a certain extent, Baodao yi cun distorts the real situation in juancun and understates the complicated ethnic conflicts in Taiwan, it shows Lai and Wang’s attempt to mediate these problems by means of laughter, and to turn the special juancun experience into a collective memory of Taiwanese society.
Educating the Young against Discrimination.
Authors: Offredi Mariola
Published: December 2022

The paper takes into consideration the Hindi textbooks of the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT, set-up in 1961 and fully funded by the Central Government) for sixth to twelfth grade students (11/12 to 17/18 years of age) published in the 2000s. In accordance with the NCERT’s aim of seeking qualitative improvements in school education, these new generation textbooks are framed so as to bridge the gap between education and life. The literary texts of the collections – prose works, poetry, drama, songs, all introduced (with the exception of the syllabus for class 6) by a critical note – differ as to the subject matter. Some of them are clearly intended to fight discrimination of every kind, be it against low caste people, women, or minorities, while others deal with the problem of discrimination in indirect, and even subliminal ways. In both cases, however, the critical introduction to each text and the associated exercises are meant to serve as a stimulus for reflexion and discussion. The paper focuses on woman as the main issue arising in the 15 analysed textbooks. The paper is subdivided into to parts. The first part deals with the textbooks for classes 6 to 10, the second part analyses the textbooks for classes 11 and 12. The dividing line is marked by the two examinations in the secondary education system, namely, the All India Secondary School Examination (class 10), and the All India Senior School Certificate Examination (class 12).
Yi Munyǒl’s new mythology of Kim Pyǒngyǒn. “The Siin”
Authors: Löwensteinová Miriam , Sunbee Yu
Published: December 2022

The present article examines some aspects of Yi Munyǒl’s novel Siin (The Poet, 1991) that could be comprehended as a new biography of the vagabond poet Kim Pyǒngyǒn (金炳淵, 1807–1863, better known as Kim Rip/Sakkat 金笠, 김삿갓), or as an author’s reconstruction and re-evaluation of the phases of his poetry. Rejecting all the legendary based biographies that were created during the 20th century, it could also serve as a new mythology. In the firstpart, the article summarizes the possible historical and legendary sources that Yi Munyǒl could use, relation between the “veritable” and “fictitious” plot texture, the affinitybetweenKim Sakkat and Yi Munyǒl and the common features of their experience. This text also notices the possible message of the novel, the themes that appeared in it and author’s interventions in the text. In the second part attention is given to dealing with the historical background, settings, to the protagonists of the novel, the spatio-temporal categories, the plot essayistic structure etc.
Notes on the Human Characteristics of Ancient Egyptian Kings
Authors: El-Menshawy Sherine
Published: December 2022

Egyptian texts and monuments neither embody nor allow us immediate access to the individual characters and personalities of the kings. The aim of this article is to cast light on the “manners of behavior” of some of the Ancient Egyptian kings based on written documents and archeological evidence.Egyptian literature has focused on kings as Khufu, Pepi II, Nebkaure, Amasis, as special personalities with individual character, such as cruelty, homosexuality, injustice and excess in drinking. Evidence for these human characteristics will be discussed, followed by analytical argument.
Exile and Lamentation in the Armenian Historiographical Tradition of the 16th and 17th Centuries
Authors: Košťálová Petra
Published: December 2022

The objective of this article is to explore the metanarrative of Armenian discourse, in Armenian called łaribut’iwn or pandxtut’iwn, generally translated as the concept of exile and uprootedness, and its profound significance in the Armenian historical and literary discourse. Motif of exile is closely associated with the idea of homeland (Erkir). Being in łaribut’iwn describes the state of nostalgic yearning for something unachievable – lost homeland, past glory, abandoned family etc.; oscillating between inner and outer exile, between real or symbolic one, between the experience of deportations, wars and massacres or self-alienation. This paper focuses especially on the so-called panduxt and łarib period of mass migrations from the Armenian Erkir (today’s Eastern Anatolia) to west and on the medieval reflection of forced deportations and laments. Primary sources as Armenian chronicles and colophons dating from 16th–17th period are analyzed.
Hybridities in a Metropolitan Diasporic Space – Weng Nao’s Literary Tokyo
Authors: Lin Tzu-yu
Published: December 2022

This paper explores a hybrid space of Tokyo in the early twentieth century in the literary world of Taiwanese writer Weng Nao. Homi Bhabha’s theory will be adapted in order to further discuss hybridities and ambivalence in the metropolitan space within diasporic literature. Amongst other Taiwanese writers in the 1930s, Weng Nao was one of the few followers of  Shin-kankakuha (the Neosensualist School), which was established by Japanese modernist writers such as Kawabata Yasunari, Tanizaki Jun’ichiro, Yokomitsu Riichi, Hayashi Fumiko and Sato Waruo, and insisted on presenting literary writing in the form of pure aesthetics. His new and modernist experimental techniques of literary representation and sophisticated descriptions of the loneliness of urban life and the inner desires of the human mind made his works distinct from those of other Taiwanese diasporic authors in the 1930s. However, with regard to his specific writing style and his detailed descriptions of innermost sexual desires, Weng’s works were far beyond what was deemed acceptable by East Asian or Taiwanese literary communities in the early twentieth century and received quite a significant amount of negative criticism. In addition, being long considered to be mocking the writing style of the Japanese Neosensualist School, Chinese critics such as Gu Zitang comments on his works as “not Chinese literature at all” and “not yet totally westernized.” In fact, his literary status is far more important than Taiwanese literati could have imagined during his lifetime. In order to re-evaluate his literary status, this paper begins by exploring the significance of Tokyo and foregrounds its articulation within Weng’s diasporic experience in his metropolitan literary space. Then, I discuss the adaptations made by Weng Nao to Japanese Neosensualist writing, which, I argue, can be considered as an expression of his resistance to colonial modernist values. Finally, I propose to utilize the sense of translation in order to understand how diasporic literature as an act of writing across cultures and nations can be seen as a process of code-switching between different cultural/linguistic systems, which carries across memories and cultures from one cultural context to another. In the terms of  form, context and themes, Weng’s modified modernist Tokyo writing reveals his uniqueness and resistance towards both Japanocentrism and Eurocentrism, which distinguishes him as an outstanding Taiwanese diasporic writer rather than as merely a follower of Japanese Neosensualist literature.
The Song of Ouyang Hai
Authors: Nikitina Alexandra
Published: December 2022

This article sets out to analyze the novel The Song of Ouyang Hai by Jin Jingmai (1965), and to do so within the paradigm of poststructuralist literary criticism. The deconstruction of the text helps us to discover its intertextuality and simulacra and to reveal the contradictions between the author’s ideas and the image of the protagonist as actually presented to the reader. Through reference to intertextuality, we see that Ouyang Hai is incapable of thinking and acting independently, he is guided by set phrases and behavior patterns that he has gleaned from Communist literature. Slogans that pervade his speech do not represent real actions, but only simulate them, thus creating a hyperreal environment filled with signs that do not have a prototype in real life, i.e., simulacra. Ouyang Hai’s maturation, as he acquires political and ideological consciousness is, in the author’s opinion, the process of his evolution. I argue that, on the contrary, this transformation leads to the destruction of the image, which is mostly constructed of propaganda slogans. The image constituting the mere sum of these artificial elements is no longer an integral whole, it breaks down into its elements – destructs, dismantles, defragments itself. Finally, Ouyang Hai is not a copy of a real human being, but – in J. Baudrillard’s words – “its own pure simulacrum.”
The Vicissitudes of Folk Narratives in Republican Turkey
Authors: Erdoğan Necmi
Published: December 2022

The article examines the attempts to modernize folk narratives in Turkey, with a special emphasis on the ones characterized by grotesque imagery, including shadow theatre and Keloğlan tales. During the 1930s, the early Republican regime launched a project aimed at employing folk narratives in the service of its Kemalist national pedagogy. This study argues that the transposition of humorous folk narratives was bound to fail because of the incongruity between the “cheerful folk word” and the “dismal official word.” The study also analyzes the later adaptations of Keloğlan tales and transfigurations of Keloğlan, and argues that they followed the early Republican project insofar as ideological discourses speak in and through them. It asserts that despite all attempts to suppress the grotesque elements of the folk tradition of laughter, these have permeated into modern popular culture.
Predictability of Phonological Changes in Burmese
Authors: Yanson Rudolf
Published: December 2022

This article intends to show that there are sound changes underway in modern Burmese that are not reflected in the standard pronunciations given in dictionaries and textbooks, and that, moreover, these changes continue trends that have been apparent throughout the nine hundred years of the known history of the Burmese phonological system.
Authenticating Performances
Authors: Rudolph Michael
Published: December 2022

Adherents of performance theory emphasise the constitutive and transformative potentia of rituals with respect to patterns of social organization and authority. For them, rituals “not only mean something, but also do something, particularly the way they construct and inscribe power relationships” (Bell 1997). This contribution focuses on the role of ritual in postcolonial identity constitution and the performative authentication of political power and social authority in Taiwan. Since the middle of the 1990s, traditionalist performances have been on the rise on the island. Generously subsidised by government bodies which have sought to demonstrate their nativist or multiculturalist orientations, aboriginal elites not only publicly worshipped ancestor gods and enacted animal sacrifices in so called “revitalised” public rituals, but also used these occasions to point to the primordial power of aborigines vis-à-vis their former colonisers, the Han Chinese. In many cases, however, the “revitalised” rituals described here conflicted with the interests of common people in aboriginal society, who wished public ritual to be compatible with their newly adopted Christian traditions. Taking a closer look at the contemporary rituals of the Taroko and Ami, which are characterised by the above mentioned dynamics, I argue that rituals publicly performed by aborigines today amalgamate different levels of meaning. While they articulate and negotiate the identity needs and social exigency of the respective social group or society (Turner 1969), they simultaneously carry those often elite-dominated mechanisms that are described by Hobsbawm and Ranger (1983)  in their examinations of the processes of cultural invention for the needs of political and cultural entities, as well as by Paul Brass (1991) in his analyses of elite competition. In other words, while these rituals may in many cases have efficacy with regard to the constitution of society and identity, the traditionalist rituals in particular frequently serve the authentication exigencies of various elites. Finally, I suggest that if one wants to provide the culture of common people with greater opportunities for representation, one should not focus too much on the display of “authentic” old traditions in order to highlight Taiwanese subjectivity, but should also acknowledge those hybridised new traditions which aboriginal society has generated over the course of Taiwan’s more recent history and which may also contain new religious elements.
Evidence of Three Possible Relatives of Princess Sheretnebty from Her Tomb at Abusir South
Authors: Vymazalová Hana
Published: December 2022

This paper focuses on new evidence from the tomb of princess Sheretnebty at Abusir South, which was uncovered during the 2012 and 2013 archaeological seasons. Three individuals are attested by names on finds from this tomb, including the statuette of Iti and an offering table and a decorated block of Ankhiemaptah and his wife Neferhekenhathor. The decorated block bears a very specific offering formula referring to Osiris, and a  depiction of the owner and his wife. The style of the relief indicates that Ankhiemaptah lived later than Sheretnebty, and the article discusses the possible interpretations of this find and the possible relationship of its owners with Sheretnebty.
A City on the Move
Authors: Kotzageorgis Phokion
Published: December 2022

The paper aspires to contribute to the issue of mobility within the Ottoman Empire. The research is based on an analysis of the Ottoman probate inventories of Thessaloniki, the most important port in the Ottoman Balkans in the 18th century. From a total of 4,000 probate inventories, the research focuses on a sample of more than 600 cases of both Salonicans who died away from their home town and of non Salonicans who died in Thessaloniki during almost the whole of the 18th century (1696–1770). The analysis reveals that the deceased can be classified into three categories: military men, merchants, and pilgrims. Special reference is made to women who moved around and to the places of death of foreigners in the city. These three categories suggest that the main reasons for ordinary people to voluntarily move within the Ottoman Empire were trade, pilgrimage, and membership in the army. Few cases where people travelled for personal reasons are recorded.
Daughters of the Motherland and (Wo)men of the World. Global Mobility in Shishang (Trends/Cosmopolitan), 1993–2008
Authors: Zemanek Adina
Published: December 2022

The present paper undertakes a discourse analysis of  Shishang (the PRC edition of Cosmopolitan) and assesses the extent to which this magazine promotes Western consumerism instead of strengthening a local national character, as Chinese scholars impute. I explore the evolution of  Shishang’s approach to globalization, as reflected in articles from 1993 to 2008, and focus on global mobility as a dimension of the image of women constructed in the magazine. Throughout this period,  Shishang seeks to stimulate the imagination of its readers (in Arjun Appadurai’s terms) by presenting them with experiences, attitudes and life scenarios that increasingly conform to John Tomlinson’s concept of cosmopolitanism and Aihwa Ong’s idea of flexible citizenship. The PRC’s Cosmo women “link up with the tracks of the world” by actively pursuing career development and self-fulfillment in a global context while opportunistically employing available resources, a process accompanied by a growing openness to and understanding of other cultures.  Shishang not only depicts them as women of the world, but also strongly emphasizes their Chineseness, thus doubly complying with the ideological task of the media in the PRC. My study thus proves the above-mentioned criticism to be largely unfounded, but not entirely so –  Shishang’s recent issues promote a model of lifestyle whose overt rejection of materialism in favor of spiritual values are built upon the consumption of expensive global tourism experiences.
Shangri-la Deconstructed
Authors: Hladíková Kamila
Published: December 2022

The aim of this article is to compare the cinematic representations of Tibet in Chinese Tibet-related cinematography with the first three films made by the Tibetan filmmaker Pema Tseden (Tib. Pad ma Tshe brtan, Ch. Wanma Caidan 万玛才旦) in an attempt to define “Tibetan films” in contrast to “Tibet-related films,” which are a broader category including films made with no direct or only partial Tibetan participation. I argue that Pema Tseden’s first three feature films should be understood as the first cinematic contributions to be made to modern Tibetan identity-discourse. They present the first genuine Tibetan voices to be heard in the PRC cinema, contesting the images of Tibet, its history, its culture and its people, that have appeared in the officially supported media and mainstream popular culture. Pema Tseden has thus successfully de-constructed the “myth of Shangri-la” that has been misused so many times during recent decades in the name of colonialism and propaganda – both Western and Chinese.
Precious Scroll of the Ten Kings in the Suzhou Area of China
Authors: Berezkin Rostislav
Published: December 2022

This paper examines the connections to be found between the cult of the Ten Kings of the underworld and the practice of baojuan storytelling (“telling scriptures,” or scroll recitation) in the Suzhou area of Jiangsu province. In some places, notably the city of Changshu, the stories devoted to the Ten Kings are recited during funerary services for the dead and are combined with the ritual actions aimed at salvation of the dead soul (i.e., with the object of obtaining a better form of rebirth for the deceased in the next life). These practices and related narratives have local specifics. They have been known since the 19th century, but rarely have been documented in historical sources. This paper is largely based on the results of the author’s fieldwork in several areas of Suzhou, where this storytelling has survived until the present, in addition to materials preserved in libraries. It focuses on discussion of the origins, special features, and religious affiliation of these funerary performances, taking the Changshu tradition as an example. The author also analyzes the meaning of this ritualized storytelling in comparison with funerary rites and performances in other areas of China and applies to it universal ritual theory. Funerary baojuan performances constitute a part of the complex “ritual event” that involves several groups of religious specialists and texts and rituals of different origins, and that has important social functions in the communities in which they are practiced.
The Quest for Ethnic Reclassification in Multiculturalist Taiwan
Authors: Rudolph Michael
Published: December 2022

This paper argues that the large-scale ethnic resurgence, as observed in the quest for ethnic reclassification in Taiwan today, is not simply the result of deep-seated feelings of primordial attachment of people in a post-colonial society. As it has been described in the case of Brazil, the phenomenon seems also to be supported by a national and international context that valorises indigenous identities as a means of reasserting political and territorial claims. As we have seen from various undertakings of the aboriginal and Pingpu movements, members often try to use the UN for political leverage. Another related reason is the strong elitist influence in the movements seeking ethnic reclassification. Focussing on the example of the Sakizaya, who were recognized as Taiwan’s 13th aboriginal group in 2007, I describe how the process of campaigning was dominated by elites who had a thorough understanding of national and international requirements and frameworks. Their visions and ensuing cultural constructions, however, did not always reflect the perspectives of the common people and therefore served as another affirmation of the “elites without people” phenomenon observed in earlier activities of Taiwan’s aboriginal revitalization movement. Although the petition with which the Sakizaya successfully gained recognition as a unique ethnic group in 2007 claimed a total of 15,000 members, fewer than 900 Sakizaya had registered by the end of 2015.
An Early Tibetan Gesar sang Text
Authors: FitzHerbert Solomon George , Ramble Charles
Published: December 2022

This article introduces and presents an annotated English translation of what appears to be an early, and perhaps our earliest, Tibetan Gesar bsang (purifying smoke offering) ritual text. The translation is preceded by a discussion of the association between Gesar as a “worldly deity,” and the autochthonous Tibetan rite of smoke purification, and a tentative suggestion concerning Gesar’s role in the “Buddhicisation” of the bsang rite in Eastern Tibetan popular ritual culture. The article then gives a brief exposition of the layers discernible in the text’s presentation of Gesar: as the hero of a predominantly secular orientated chivalric-shamanic folkloric tradition, and his apotheosisation as a Buddha. The article then explores the difficulties in dating and attributing the text. The attribution to Karma Pakshi is ultimately rejected, in favour of a tentative attribution to the mid-late 17th century (and to Yongs-dge mi-’gyur rdo-je in particular) which would make sense in light of what can be discerned about the evolution of the Buddhist cult of Gesar in eastern Tibet around that time.
The Introduction of Edward Jenner’s Smallpox Vaccination to Tibet in the Early 19th Century
Authors: Yongdan Lobsang
Published: December 2022

Before its eradication in 1979, smallpox was considered to be the greatest killer in the world. Therefore, over time, people developed a variety of methods of prevention and treatment for smallpox. The study of smallpox is a well-established field and many scholars have written on the subject; however, as far as I am aware there is almost no scholarship regarding smallpox in Tibet. Thus, it is widely believed that Tibetans knew very little about smallpox and that the Jennerian vaccination technique was not introduced in Tibet until as late as 1944. This, however, is not the case: during the course of Tibetan history, Tibetans not only knew about smallpox but also developed various methods of prevention and treatment for the disease. As a literary society, Tibetans also produced a vast quantity of medical works, as well as historical and biographical accounts in relation to smallpox; in Tibet, as elsewhere, medical knowledge was constantly evolving. This article sets out to show how a Tibetan physician named Tsenpo Nomon Han (1789–1839) introduced Edward Jenner’s vaccination technique to Tibet in the early 19th century.
For Her Eyes Only
Authors: Consolaro Alessandra
Published: December 2022

This article focuses on the way embodiment is articulated in Prabhā Khetān’s autobiography Anyā se ananyā, first published in 2007. It is introduced as an existentialist autobiography – focusing on the existential self – emphasizing the complexity of embodiment and its implications for identity and self-representation. Best known as the writer who introduced French feminist existentialism to Hindi-speaking readers through her translation of Simone de Beauvoir’s  The Second Sex, Prabhā Khetān has written an autobiography that is at the same time a unique woman’s intellectual and personal journey, the success story of a professional woman, as well as a profoundly moving reflection on human relationships. Prabhā Khetān never taught in the world of academia, but her influence as a poet, novelist, and feminist has been extensive. Anyā se ananyā has been acclaimed as a piece of “extreme sincerity,” insofar as it pulls the veil off the “other woman,” a very rare voice in Hindi autobiographical literature.
The Eastward Relocation of the Zhou Royal House in the Xinian Manuscript
Authors: Shim Jae-hoon
Published: December 2022

The Xinian in the second volume of the Tsinghua Bamboo Slips provides a different understanding of the so-called eastward relocation (dongqian) of the Zhou royal house than suggested in transmitted texts such as the Shiji and  Zhushu jinian. Introducing the controversial issues concerning the relocation in the Xinian, this study focuses mostly on the problematic place name Shao E, where King Ping is said to have stayed for a while until Lord Wen of Jin brought him back to the capital region and enthroned him. In particular, while criticizing the later commentators’ identification of E with Xiangning, Shanxi, this study argues that Shao E in the Xinian should be more properly located in the Nanyang region. This relocation suggests that the year 770 BCE, inscribed for so long as the turning point between the Western Zhou and the Eastern Zhou periods, is problematic. It further proposes that the narrative on the eastward relocation in the  Xinian does not necessarily contradict the transmitted texts, but rather tends to resolve some inconsistencies inherent in those texts.
Violated Bodies and the Reclamation of Female Subjectivity in Usha Ganguli’s Ham Mukhtārā and Maya Krishna Rao’s Walk
Authors: Mohan Ghosh Soumya , Singh Rajni
Published: December 2022

The article sets out to analyze the victimization and objectification of women and the assertion of female subjectivity in the agitprop theatres of Usha Ganguly and Maya Krishna Rao. The article focuses on Ganguly’s Ham Mukhtārā, an adaptation of Mukhtār Māī’s autobiography, In the Name of Honor: A Memoir, which registers protest against a patriarchal society that subjugates women, as well as Rao’s Walk, which challenges the dynamics of power and the societal ostracization of women. The article argues that in the wake of the Nirbhayā case and the ripples created in society by the protests, candlelit marches, and public performances, these recent feminist-propagandist plays are conceived as part of an ongoing pursuit on the part of both artists to resist the phallocentric objectification and reductive categorization of the female body and to reclaim the agency and subjectivity of women.
Beyond Naturalism: Sōma Gyofū, Italian Futurism, and the Search for a New “Art of Force”
Authors: Zanotti Pierantonio
Published: December 2022

Sōma Gyofū (1883–1950), one of the most influential literary critics in Taishō Japan (1912–26), published a short essay called “Gendai geijutsu no chūshin seimei” (The central life in contemporary art) in the March 1913 issue of Waseda bungaku (Waseda literature). In it, after illustrating the shortcomings of a number of outlooks on modern life provided by European writers and philosophers, he praised Italian Futurism as the sole movement that came closest to his own ideal of an “art of force” able to cope with the anguished condition of man in a modern technological society. By combining historical research and a textual overview on publications that shaped Gyofū’s knowledge of Futurism, I show how Gyofū’s reception of Futurism was mediated by his philosophical background, which was characterized by an attempt at going beyond Japanese naturalism (shizenshugi). In that, “Gendai geijutsu no chūshin seimei” can be seen as representative of a transition in the Japanese literary scene, which, in the shift from the Meiji to the Taishō era, was experiencing a crisis of naturalism and the rise of discourses centred on “life,” the “self,” and their creative potential.
The Role of the Intellectuals and Political Process of the Wasaṭiyya Current in pre-2011 Egypt
Authors: Steuer Clément
Published: December 2022

The relationship between the Egyptian al-Wasaṭ party (a splinter group consisting of some “Moderate Islamists” – islāmiyyūn mu‘tadilūn – who left the Muslim Brotherhood in order to form a party of their own in 1996) and the “New Islamist” thinkers has often been described as a mere process of “influence” of the latter on the former. This article argues that this relationship is, instead, better understood if analyzed in terms of “appropriation.” It focuses on the Wasaṭiyya party as it appeared on the political scene during the fifteen years preceding the Egyptian revolution of 2011, and defines this notion as a “space of theorization,” at the intersection of the intellectual, political and religious fields. The “New Islamist” thinkers were expressing their political ideas in this specific space, in the attempt to develop their political ideology and influence some political actors. Parallel to this, the al-Wasaṭ politicians were using this same space to gain intellectual legitimacy and pick up the elements that could forge a political programme. In so doing, they were carefully choosing, adapting and translating the ideas of their intellectual mentors, in order to fit their own concerns and the logic of the political field they were willing to belong to.
L’interprétation juridique des états d’urgence (France – Espagne)
Authors:   , Lecatelier Alexis
Published: December 2022

To fight against the exceptional perils that threaten to undermine it, the liberal-democratic state is forced to temporarily reach the rule of law. If it incarnates the hope of a later return to normality, if not the actual shield of the rule of law, the state of emergency also entails a profound destabilization of the hierarchy of norms and organs, weakening the most fundamental guarantees of the legal system. Odious borderline case of a legality pushed to its furthest limits, it is, for this same reason, a direct access to the knowledge of power relationships, of the determining mechanisms of the institutional game and, finally, of the real functioning of the law which, in ordinary times, smoulders out of sight, under the veneer of legal fiction. Through a rigorous legal positivism but freed from the Kelsenian ideal of perfection and its aporias, this study conducts an empirical and comparative analysis of the most critical data of the application of states of emergency in France and Spain. Based on these observations, it suggests an amended conception of legal interpretation, renewing the understanding of the intertwining of knowledge and will that it underlies. Resolutely fertile, it invites to reinvent with pragmatism the tools that the legal science gives itself to enlighten the contemporary practice of states of emergency.
Evaluación de la actividad antiinflamatoria y homeostática de los elovanoides sobre células humanas epiteliales nasales
Authors:   , Resano Lizaldre Alfredo
Published: December 2022

Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa caused by an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction that is triggered by exposure to environmental allergens to which the patient is sensitized and where damage to the integrity of the cell barrier is part of the pathogenesis. It is a risk factor related to the development of asthma and house dust mites (HDM) are the main source of indoor allergens. Trigger allergic inflammation through activation of Toll-like innate immune receptors (TLRs), protease-activated receptors (PARs), and the non-integrin-associated C-type lectin/intracellular adhesion molecule 3 (ICAM-3) receptor CD209, specific for dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages (DC-SIGN), which are activated by HDM allergens, resulting in the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Exposure of airway epithelial cells to HDM also activates NF-κB pathways within the airway epithelium and contributes to allergic inflammation, AHR, and airway fibrosis remodeling. Elovanoids (ELV) are bioactive lipid mediators derived from very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) (VLC-PUFA, n-3), which are synthesized as biosynthetic products thanks to the action of the elongase ELOVL4. An anti-inflammatory action has been observed in hypersensitivity induced by house dust mites in cultures of human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpC) thanks to: causing powerful cytoprotection since they increase cell viability and reduce cytotoxicity both against mites and against LPS and poly(I:C) inducers; they downregulate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines induced by HDM allergens, favoring the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10; they confer protection against premature senescence since they downregulate the programming of senescence and inflammation genes, and revealed when evaluating the SASP response; they regulate the expression of autophagy genes, UPR genes (Unfolded Protein Response) and MMPs (Matrix metalloproteinases). These results clearly indicate that ELVs have a protective effect on survival, integrity, senescence, and inflammation, as well as the autophagy process at the cellular level. The results obtained in this study will make it possible to determine a new pro-homeostatic and protective cellular lipid signaling mechanism in nasal epithelial cells with the aim of selecting new potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of allergies.
Rozwój e-usług w rolniczych ubezpieczeniach społecznych – szanse i zagrożenia

The development of e-services in agricultural social security – opportunities and threats
Authors: Żółtaszek Robert
Published: December 2022

Cyfrowa transformacja dla coraz większej części polskiego społeczeństwa musi odbywać się równomiernie we wszystkich grupach społecznych, aby mogła wspierać rozwój naszej gospodarki i być jej siłą napędową. Rozwój e-usług, e-administracji jest nieuniknionym procesem, który powinien być dobrze moderowany przez państwo, a w niektórych obszarach wręcz stymulowany i napędzany. Rozwój kompetencji cyfrowych w grupie społecznej jaką są rolnicy, jest ważny z perspektywy równości w dostępie do nowoczesnych usług, technologii, e-państwa. Odpowiednie zagospodarowanie tej przestrzeni może stanowić dodatkowe koło zamachowe naszej gospodarki,
być jej wspomagającym silnikiem wyznaczającym nowe poziomy konkurencyjności. Od 2015 roku w procesie tym aktywnie uczestniczy Kasa Rolniczego Ubezpieczenia Społecznego (KRUS), tworząc i cały czas rozwijając platformę eKRUS, umożliwiającą dostęp online do powiększającej się każdego roku liczby usług dotąd świadczonych na rzecz rolników tylko drogą tradycyjną w Placówkach Terenowych. Artykuł ten przedstawia dotychczasowe osiągnięcia w dziedzinie e-administracji, jak
również szanse i zagrożenia związane z cyfryzacją usług publicznych. Tylko świadome jednostki, stale rozwijające swoje kompetencje cyfrowe, są w stanie sprawnie i bezpiecznie poruszać się po wirtualnej przestrzeni, która to wręcz pochłania większą część naszego życia.
Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie dostępnych w Polsce usług on-line administracji
publicznej, głównie zintegrowanej platformy eKRUS, ze szczególnym naciskiem na stopień wykorzystania jej przez rolników oraz wskazanie czynników hamujących rozwój e-administracji w wyżej wymienionej grupie społecznej oraz dróg ich niwelowania. Artykuł wskazuje na potrzebę wypracowania metod zwiększania e-kompetencji rolników oraz sposobów dotarcia do tej grupy zawodowej z nowymi narzędziami rozwijającymi powyższe umiejętności.

Słowa kluczowe: cyberbezpieczeństwo, e-administracja, eKRUS, e-państwo, profil zaufany, rolnicy.
Prowadzenie postępowania powypadkowego w Kasie Rolniczego Ubezpieczenia Społecznego. Zdarzenie z kategorii „Nagłe zachorowania”. Studium przypadku
na tle przepisów ustawowych i wyroków sądów

Conducting post-accident proceedings in the Agricultural Social Insurance Fund. “Sudden illness” category event. Case study on a background of legislative provisions and court rulings
Authors: Nyckowski Bartosz
Published: December 2022

Zjawisko wypadkowości w rolnictwie jest poważnym problemem społecznym.
Jednym z ustawowych zadań Kasy Rolniczego Ubezpieczenia Społecznego (KRUS, Kasa) jest prowadzenie działalności prewencyjnej, mającej na celu zmniejszenie ilości zdarzeń wypadkowych. Szczegółowa analiza przyczyn i okoliczności wypadków jest możliwa dzięki właściwemu prowadzeniu postępowania powypadkowego. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie różnic w przygotowaniu materiału dowodowego w przypadku wystąpienia zdarzeń z kategorii „nagłe zachorowania”, z rozróżnieniem przyczyny wewnętrznej i zewnętrznej wypadku przy pracy rolniczej. Autor podaje praktyczne przykłady opracowania dokumentacji powypadkowej, zwracając szczególną uwagę na formę przygotowania zapytania do Lekarza Regionalnego Inspektora Orzecznictwa Lekarskiego (LRIOL), dla właściwego wydania przez niego opinii na temat związku przyczynowo-skutkowego między nagłym zachorowaniem, a wykonywaną przez rolnika pracą. Analizowane przypadki są osadzone w aktualnym otoczeniu prawnym wypadku przy pracy rolniczej, uwzględniającym przepisy ustawowe i wyroki sądów.

Słowa kluczowe: postępowanie powypadkowe, przyczyna wewnętrzna, przyczyna zewnętrzna.
Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar’ın Muhabbet Tılsımı Romanında Bâtılı İfade Eden Söz Varlığı
Authors: ÇELEBİ Hakan
Published: December 2022

Bir dilin söz varlığı, o toplumun tarihini, yaşayış şeklini, inançlarını yansıtan önemli bir unsur ve aynı zamanda o dilin zenginliğini belirten değerli bir ölçüttür. Türk dilinin söz varlığı da Türk kültürünün yansıtıcısı olarak eşsiz bir hazine niteliğindedir. Türkçe, günümüzde Türkolog ve dilbilimciler için vazgeçilmez bir araştırma sahası haline gelmiş, söz varlığı üzerine yapılan çalışmalar gün geçtikçe önemini artırmaya başlamıştır.

Bu çalışmada Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar’ın Muhabbet Tılsımı romanında yer alan inanç kaynaklı bâtıl söz varlığı üzerinde durulmuş ve romanda ön plana çıkan bâtıl söz varlığı ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Bâtılı belirten söz ve söz grupları kendi içerisinde 13 konu başlığı altında gruplandırılmış ve her sözcük, sözlük anlamı ve cümle içerisindeki örnek kullanımıyla verilmiştir. Mevcut söz varlığında tür bakımından ad, sıfat, fiil özellikli sözcükler ile yapı bakımından basit, türemiş ve birleşik sözcükler de yer almış ve köken bakımından daha çok Doğu kökenli Arapça, Türkçe, Farsça, Arapça + Türkçe sözcüklerin ağırlıkta olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Çalışmada ayrıca bâtılı ifade eden bazı sözlerin -cümlede elde edilen misallerine göre- eş dizimli kullanımlarına yer verilmiştir. Eş dizimli kullanımlar genellikle ad tamlaması, sıfat tamlaması, birleşik fiil ve deyim özelliği taşımaktadır. Ek olarak sözcüklerin eş dizimli şekillerinin anlamları verilmemiş bunun yerine cümle içerisindeki örnek kullanımları ile yetinilmiştir.
Picasso Kübizmi Üzerinden Sanat ve Moda Etkileşimi (Viktor Rolf Örneği)
Authors: KUMAŞ ŞENOL Nurdan , ELMAS Ali Osman
Published: December 2022

20.yüzyılından itibaren sanat geçirdiği dönüşümlerle farklı algısal yansımlara oluşturmuştur. Birbirine tepki olarak doğan birçok sanat akımı gibi Kübizm de bu durumdan etkilenmiştir. Sanatın dilini genişleten Kübizmin amacı; figürün betimlenmesini tamamen kaldırmadan, onun yeniden düzenlenmesini sağlamaktır. Kübizm akımının öncülerinden olan Picasso, gerçeklik ile resim arasındaki farka dikkat çekmiştir. Görelelik kuramına inanan sanatçı eserlerini oluştururken gözlemlerine ve anılarından beslenmiştir. Kısaca Picasso, sanata yeni bir bakış açısı getirerek bir nesnenin ve ya bir objenin nasıl görülmesi gerektiği ile ilgilenmiştir. Sanatın birçok dalında hissedilmiş olan bu yeni düzen, moda tasarımlarında da uygulanmış ve dönemin ruhuna ayak uydurmuştur. Akımdan etkilenen moda tasarımcıları geleneksel biçimlerini, daha düz ve sade formlara dönüştürmüşlerdir. Bu tasarımcılardan olan Viktor Horsting ve Rolf Snoeren’ in “Viktor &Rolf” markası, günümüz modasının Kübizm ile nasıl algılandığının önemli temsilcilerinden olmuş, kreasyonlarında sanat ve modanın uyumuna dikkat çekmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada da modacıların Kübist formlu tasarımlarını incelenerek; açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Zoomorfik Seramikler ve Çağdaş Seramik Sanatından Seçilmiş Örnekler
Authors: YILDIRIM Burak
Published: December 2022

Seramik sanatı tarihinde ve günümüz çağdaş seramik sanatında insan biçimli seramikler kadar hayvan biçimli seramiklere de çok sık rastlanır. Ancak her insan biçimli seramiği “antropomorfik seramik” olarak nitelendiremeyeceğimiz gibi her hayvan biçimli seramiği de “zoomorfik seramik” olarak nitelendiremeyiz. Zoomorfik seramiği diğer hayvan figürlü ya da hayvan figürü içeren seramiklerden ayıran temel fark şudur; zoomorfik seramik: Form ve/veya desen çerçevesi açısından hayvan biçimi olarak ortaya konmuş ve aynı zamanda kullanım olanağına sahip seramiktir. Örneğin salt bir at heykeli zoomorfik seramik tanımlamasına girmezken, at kafası şeklindeki bir sürahi zoomorfik seramik tanımlaması dâhilindedir. Salt köpek biçimli ve başka bir kullanım özelliği olmayan bir seramik; zoomorfik seramik tanımlamasına girmezken, köpek biçimli bir kürdanlık farklı bir temel kullanım alanı daha olduğu için zoomorfik seramik tanımlamasına girmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra tanrılara ve insanlara hayvansı özellikler atfeden (örneğin yarı insan yarı hayvan şeklindeki) seramiklerde zoomorfik seramik tanımlamasına dâhildir. Bu araştırmada; zoomorfik seramik tanımlamasının belirli kaynaklardaki bilgilere göre incelemesi yapılmış, zoomorfik seramiklerin geçmişten günümüze tarihsel süreç içerisindeki bazı önemli görülen örnekleri aktarılmıştır. Devamında ise dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde üretimler yapan günümüz çağdaş seramik sanatçılarından seçimler yapılmış ve içlerinden konunun açıklayıcı olması noktasında önemli görülen örnek zoomorfik seramik çalışmalara yer verilmiştir.
Uzay Araçları Mekânlarının İncelenmesi: “Passengers” Filmi Örneği
Authors: FAZLA Zehra Rumeysa , ARAT Yavuz , FAZLA İzzet Alim
Published: December 2022

Mekân görsel olarak ele alındığında, sanat türlerinden en çok sinema ile ilişkilendirilir. Kurgusal mekân sinemanın ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır ve tasarımcılara büyük bir deneyimleme alanı sunar. Günümüzde etkileyici ve revaçta olan uzay temalı filmler ise gelecek senaryolarını resmetmede en etkili araçlardan biridir. Gelecek ile ilgili senaryolara sahip uzay temalı filmlerde tasarımcılar, iç mekân ve mobilya kullanımları bakımından araştırmalar yaparak gelecek öngörüleriyle ürünler ortaya koymaktadırlar. Bu kurgusal mekânlarda çoğu zaman mobilyalar zaman-mekân vurgusunu yapmak ve desteklemek için ön plana çıkmaktadır. Dolayısıyla geleceği konu alan uzay temalı filmlerdeki mekân ve mobilya tasarımlarının konfor, ergonomi ve tasarım anlayışı açısından günümüzden farklı bir boyutta olduğu gözlemlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada da uzay temalı filmlerin en yenilerinden olan “Passengers” (Uzay Yolcuları) filmi çalışma konusu olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı uzay temalı filmlerde mekân ve mobilya tasarımlarındaki fütüristik tasarım anlayışını ortaya koymaktır. Filmdeki kurgusal mekânlar sosyal ve bireysel mekânlar olarak iki farklı kategoride ele alınmıştır. Bu mekânlar film görselleri üzerinden tasarım-işlev yönünden incelenmiş ve filmin gelecek senaryosuyla beraber değerlendirilmiştir. Kurgusal mekânlar ve mobilyalar ergonomik açıdan incelenerek filmin evreninde mekân ve mobilya tasarımının yeri vurgulanmıştır.