bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial light at night (ALAN) pollution alters bat lunar chronobiology: Insights from broad-scale long-term acoustic monitoring
Authors: Li Han , Allen Pauline , Boris Saige , Lagrama Samantha , Lyons Jade , Mills Christina , Moussi Pauline , Nichols Casey , Tacosik Carter , Tsaousis McKenzie , Wilson Nyzaya Livingston , Grider John F. , Parker Kevin A. , Kalcounis-Rueppell Matina C.
Published: December 2023

Background
The timing of behavior and habitat associations of nocturnal animals can be influenced by the lunar cycle in nature. The prevalence of artificial light at night (ALAN) has been recognized as a source of environmental pollution. The interaction between ALAN pollution and the lunar cycle on bat behavior is important for understanding anthropogenic effects on bats. We utilized a decade (2012–2022) of acoustic monitoring data collected in North Carolina, United States, to investigate the relationship between bat activity, lunar cycle, and ALAN pollution in temperate insectivorous bats. We examined whether the amount of lunar illumination affected species-specific nightly activity and whether hourly bat activity patterns varied between nights with different moon phases. We further investigated if the relationship between bat activity and the lunar cycle might be altered by ALAN pollution.
Results
We found that seven bat species showed activity variation across nights in relation to the amount of moon illumination when ALAN pollution was absent. Generally, bats were less active on full moon nights compared to new moon nights. ALAN pollution interacted with the bat-lunar relationship in five of the seven species, masking the effect of the lunar cycle. We identified delayed bat activity patterns on nights with a full or waxing moon in seven species, and ALAN pollution altered that pattern in four species. Overall, ALAN pollution was associated with decreased bat activity independent of lunar cycle effects.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that at a broad spatial scale, ALAN pollution negatively affected many North American temperate bat species and altered their lunar chronobiology. As the cost of illumination declines and the economic benefits of nighttime farming and other activities increase, ALAN pollution is spreading to historically dark areas and habitats. ALAN pollution might couple with other threats, such as the white-nose syndrome or climate change, to cause cascading damage in the environment that depends on ecosystem services provided by bats. We argue that further research and conservation actions are needed to mitigate the impact of ALAN pollution.
Anti-infective treatment for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma combined with pulmonary abscess: a case report and literature review
Authors: Qinchuan Li , Wenju GUAN , Zhang Jian , Min Chen , Ya ZOU
Published: December 2023

Background
We first report the case of a 58-year-old man who developed a primary lung abscess after chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Granulocytosis after chemotherapy is a major factor in the development of various infectious diseases.
Case presentation:
In September 2022, a 58-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital for 20 days due to left eyelid ptosis with diplopia. He was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer and underwent surgery four days later. The patient started the first cycle of chemotherapy on October 1. After the first cycle of chemotherapy, she developed dizziness without obvious reason and was accompanied by instability on the second day of discharge. Chest CT showed chronic bronchitis and emphysema. The doctor suspected that the patient had an infectious lung disease and gave him an empirical antibacterial treatment. However, the symptoms did not resolve, and later, Mycobacterium abscess was found by NGS. After taking cefoxitin and moxifloxacin. The patient's symptoms were significantly reduced and the lesions were absorbed.
Conclusion
These patients are immunosuppressed after chemotherapy, and are prone to the formation of primary lung abscess under high-risk inhalation environment. The successful treatment of bacterial pneumonia combined with NTM lung disease provides treatment ideas for patients with tumor combined with infection.
Spectator partons' contribution in the rapidity width of lamda in p+p collisions at various SPS and LHC energies: A possible new mechanism of baryogenesis
Authors: Hussain Nur , Barman Banajit , Bhattacharjee Buddhadeb
Published: December 2023

Pseudorapidity distributions of all primary charged particles produced in p+p collisions at various Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies using UrQMD-3.4 and PYTHIA8.2-generated events are estimated and compared with the existing results of UA5 and ALICE collaborations. With both the sets of generated data, the variation of rapidity widths of different mesons and baryons of p+p collisions at various Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and LHC energies with the rest masses of the studied hadrons are presented. An increase in the width of the rapidity distribution of lamda, similar to heavy-ion data, could be seen in p+p collisions as well from SPS to the LHC energies (up to sqrt{s}=13 TeV) when the entire rapidity space is considered, indicating its universal feature both in p+p and A+A collisions. The genesis of the increased width of rapidity distribution of lamda in p+p collision is found to be in the preferential production of light flavored quarks and diquarks from the spectator partons of the colliding hadrons resulting a baryon asymmetry (net baryon density > 0) at the extreme rapidities of the studied p+p collisions. At the LHC energies for central p+p collision, when there is no spectator partons, the rapidity width of lamda is found to take the same Gaussian shape as that of anti-lamda and the widths of both the distributions become the same confirming no non-trivial contribution to the rapidity width of lamda as seen in heavy-ion and non-central p+p collisions.
Variable Chaplygin Gas: Contraining parameters using FRBs
Authors: Sethi Geetanjali , Sharma Udish , Makhijani Nadia
Published: December 2023

We investigate the cosmological constraints on the Variable Chaplygin gas model with the latest obser-vational data from the Fast Radio Bursts and SNeIa (Pantheon+SHOES). The Variable Chaplygin gas model is shown to be compatible with Type Ia Supernovae and Fast Radio Burts. We have obtained tighter constraints on cosmological parameters Bs and n, using the the FRB data set. By using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method on the SNeIa data set, we obtain Bs=0.1956 ± 0.1047, n = 1.3581 ± 1.1678 and H0= 70.3902 ± 0.6381 and we obtain Bs= 0.1780 ± 0.1069, n = 1.2633 ± 1.2433 and H0 = 70.3976 ± 0.6597 from the FRB data set. We are able to get a good agreement between the H0 values from the two data sets
Application of Grey Wolf Particle Filter Algorithm based on Golden Section in WSN Mobile Target Tracking
Authors: Peng Duo , Xie Kun , Liu MingShuo , Wang ChanFei
Published: December 2023

A WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) mobile target tracking algorithm based on the golden section grey wolf particle filter (PF) is proposed to address the problem of low tracking accuracy caused by sample impoverishment. This algorithm guides the particles as a whole to move towards randomly selected regions with higher weights, effectively adjusting the global exploration and local exploration capabilities of the particle swarm, and improving the problems of sample impoverishment and local extreme values. Additionally, this method increases the diversity of the particle swarm, further improving the tracking performance. The filtering tracking is performed using a constant velocity circular motion model (CM). The Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm and PF algorithm are compared with this algorithm using the root mean square error as the evaluation metric. The results of the simulation experiments show that the proposed algorithm reduces the root mean square error by 57% and 37% compared to the above-mentioned algorithms, respectively.
Enhancing Understanding of English Phrasal Verbs in First-Year ELT Students Through Cognitive-Linguistic Methods
Authors: Alisoy Hasan
Published: December 2023

This study explores the effectiveness of employing cognitive-linguistic methods in teaching English phrasal verbs to first-year English Language Teaching (ELT) students. Distinct from traditional rote memorization techniques, our approach integrates innovative teaching tools such as colored markers and storytelling exercises. Colored markers are utilized to visually differentiate the components of phrasal verbs, enhancing understanding and retention. Storytelling exercises, on the other hand, provide students with contextual and practical applications of phrasal verbs, thereby fostering a deeper comprehension. This methodological shift towards a more interactive and engaging learning process has shown significant improvements in students’ proficiency and confidence in using phrasal verbs. The findings of this study contribute to the broader discourse in ELT pedagogy, offering a novel approach that not only simplifies the learning of phrasal verbs but also integrates them seamlessly into the learners' linguistic repertoire. This research underscores the potential of cognitive-linguistic methods in enhancing language acquisition, especially in complex areas like phrasal verbs, thereby marking a significant contribution to modern ELT practices.
Sustainability reporting and audit committee attributes: Evidence from banks in Indonesia
Authors: Inten Meutia  , Zulnaidi Yaacob  , Shelly F. Kartasari
Published: December 2023

This paper examined the effects of audit committee attributes on the sustainability reporting (SR) of commercial banks in Indonesia. This study conducted a cross-sectional and time-series analysis using a sample of 74 commercial banks from 2015 to 2019. This study investigated the audit committee attributes, including financial expertise, size, independence, and meeting frequency. The model under study was underpinned by the theory of legitimacy, stakeholders, and agency. The results showed that the financial expertise of audit committee had an inverse relationship with SR disclosure. Meanwhile, there was a positive relationship between committee independence, bank size, bank age, and type of auditor with SR disclosure. These findings imply that the banks should further focus on the audit committee’s attributes as an effective measure to produce quality SR disclosure. In addition, non-financial expertise, especially in the field of sustainability, is a skill that the audit committee needs to have.
The main technological properties of rennet enzyme preparations
Authors: Grishkova Anastasiya , Prosekov Alexander , Koval Anatoliy
Published: December 2023

The quality of the finished cheese is determined by all stages of its production, but the basis of cheese making is the production of a milk clot under the action of a milk-converting enzyme. The duration of coagulation and the structural and mechanical properties of the cheese clot are critical indicators that affect the yield of cheese, consistency, pattern, taste. In practice, it is necessary to take into account that the coagulating ability of the enzyme may vary depending on the properties of the milk mixture prepared for coagulation (protein content, mineral salts, acidity, temperature). The main technological characteristics of rennet enzyme preparations (proteolytic activity, qualitative composition, sensitivity to Caions, pH, thermal stability), important for the regulation of the coagulation process, have been studied. Practical recommendations on the use of milk-clotting enzyme preparations are given.
The Era of Migration, Community and Others: Focusing on Seo Seong-ran’s Truong
Authors:   Dong Nam Eo-Mun-Hak-Hoi, Eom Sukhui
Published: December 2023

This paper examines the issues of community and others, focusing on Seo Seong-ran's 『Truong』, which is set in a multicultural society. As Korean society is rapidly becoming a multicultural society due to the increase in transnational migration, Korean society is in a situation where it must coexist with various immigrants. Seo Seong-ran's 『Truong』 shows the problem of coexistence with new members faced by this multicultural community against the backdrop of a closed mountain village. In 『Truong』, the Vietnamese married immigrant woman who entered the mountain village community is an eternal stranger because she is a foreigner, and the foreigner who moved from Korea to the mountain village community is also an object of caution like a stranger. 『Truong』 emphasizes the need for an ethics of the other that welcomes the other itself rather than hospitality based on the premise of sameness. Additionally, 『Truong』 shows that the conflict with heterogeneous strangers introduced into the community results in community violence, and in the meantime, solidarity among the vulnerable is achieved. Vulnerable beings, such as strangers in the community, understand each other's vulnerabilities, communicate, and form psychological solidarity, but as is not easy in reality, their solidarity does not last. As multicultural novels show, coexistence with strangers is an unavoidable situation. What is needed at such times is the ethics of a multicultural community. Immigrants who enter the community are strangers from the perspective of the community, but from the perspective of the strangers, the members of the community are also strangers. As Seo Seong-ran said, individuals are ultimately strangers to each other. Truong shows that what is needed for a new multicultural community is to seek peaceful coexistence with immigrants through tolerance that accepts each other's heterogeneity.
A study on the current status and development plan of Busan’s ‘One Book, One City’ reading movement
Authors:   Dong Nam Eo-Mun-Hak-Hoi, Lee Kookhwan
Published: December 2023

This study started in 1998 by a public library in Seattle, USA, and after being formalized in the name of 'One Book, One Chicago' in Chicago, it spread throughout the United States, and then to Canada, Australia, and Korea. It dealt with the 'One Book, One City' reading movement. This reading movement started with a pilot case in Seosan in 2003 in Korea, followed by Suncheon and Busan in 2004, spreading around public libraries, and is currently running steadily in more than 60 local communities. This study understands the 'One Book, One City' movement as a reading movement for the local community, and based on this, opened the 20th year 'One Book, One Busan', organized the current situation, and suggested improvements. It is hoped that this case study will help to run a reading movement like this in other local communities.
Infiltration performance evaluation of a 15-year-old concrete grid paver parking area (Italy)
Authors: Rossetto Rudy , Lenti Alessandro , Ercoli Laura , Sebastiani Luca , Joodavi Ataollah
Published: December 2023

The management of urban stormwater needs a wide array of environmentally friendly solutions to safeguard water resources and improve the quality of the urban environment. In that, permeable pavements, a type of sustainable drainage system, are designed to reduce the volume and peak flow of stormwater on-site, improve infiltrating water quality, and combat the urban heat island phenomena. In this study, we tested the infiltration capacity of 15-year-old concrete grid pavers (CGPs) using single ring infiltrometer tests. We investigated how various factors, including location within the parking space, affect infiltration rates. Despite no maintenance and 15 years of operation, the infiltration capacity of the CGPs still exceeds the minimum infiltration capacity of 1.62 mm/min as required in many European regions. This may be due to the presence of soil cracks and the development of plant roots and insect/microorganism activities within the pavement voids. Indeed, this ‘living soil system’ continuously develops and counteracts the formation of clogging, interacting with the compaction process. Our study demonstrates that incorporating CGPs is effective in addressing emerging challenges associated with urban hydrology. Due to effectiveness and limited maintenance requirements, CGPs could be successfully included in long term climate adaptation measures.
In negative life contexts men report a lower desire to end relationship if their partners are high in borderline behavioral characteristics. A quasiexperimental research
Authors: Burtaverde Vlad , Shackelford Todd K. , Ionescu Ștefan-Cosmin , Bumbănac Maria , Avram Eugen
Published: December 2023

We investigated the relationship between borderline symptoms in women and their partner’s desire to continue the relationship and relationship commitment in an aversive living environment using an experimental design. We aimed to highlight the adaptive mechanisms of borderline symptoms, which may materialize in reproductive advantages for women in aversive contexts. We conducted two experiments to test the same hypotheses. In Study 1, online participants were assigned to the experimental group (N = 123). The experimental scenario hypothesized having a relationship with a woman high in borderline characteristics, during an aversive life environment. The control group (N = 118) hypothesized having a relationship with a woman high in borderline characteristics, during normal living conditions. We repeated the same experimental manipulation using a within-subjects design in Study 2 (N = 171). Environmental conditions influenced the desire to end the relationship with women characterized by borderline symptoms; men had a lower desire to end the relationship with their partner in aversive life events than in normal living conditions. Thus, women’s borderline behavioral characteristics may bring mating benefits in aversive living environments.
Why people prefer to be single: Voluntary singlehood and experiences with relationships
Authors: Apostolou Menelaos , Michaelidou Ellie
Published: December 2023

Not having an intimate partner is a common state in contemporary post-industrial societies. A substantial proportion of singles are voluntarily so that is, they prefer not to be in an intimate relationship. The current study aimed to examine whether past relationship experiences predicted voluntary singlehood. More specifically, using a sample of 629 Greek-speaking participants, we found that most voluntarily singles were had other priorities, followed by those who had been disappointed by intimate relationships. We also found that more negative past experiences with relationships were associated with an increased probability to fall in the latter group than in other groups of voluntary singlehood or being mated.
As representações das políticas educacionais em terras Tucujus
Authors: Queiroz Maria Sonale de , Santos Margareth Guerra dos
Published: December 2023

Este artigo é parte de uma pesquisa em andamento, em nível de mestrado. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa que se propôs à análise documental pautada: no Plano Estadual de Educação (PEE/AP) (AMAPÁ, 2015); no relatório bienal dos processos de monitoramento e avaliação do PEE/AP; e nos indicadores disponíveis nas plataformas institucionais. Os dados foram examinados mediante a análise do conteúdo com vistas à aferição do alinhamento do PEE/AP às diretrizes do Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) (BRASIL, 2014a) e quanto à efetivação do desempenho das metas de 1 a 3 do primeiro grupo de metas estruturantes do PEE/AP, comparado ao desempenho da região norte e nacional. Os resultados demonstram que o Amapá apresentou menor desempenho nos indicadores das metas em estudo. Revela a importância da publicação dos relatórios bienais dos processos de monitoramento e avaliação, para alertar quanto ao desempenho das metas, possibilitando a readequação das políticas e visando a efetivação do PEE/AP.
Reutilização do material de ninho abandonado de vespa social por Parachartergus fraternus (Gribodo, 1892) (Vespidae: Polistinae) em cerrado
Authors: Talarico Rubim Luis Gustavo , Camargos Da Silva Araújo Lucas , De Castro Jacques Gabriel , Magalhães de Souza Marcos
Published: December 2023

Espécies de vespas sociais podem reutilizar o material de ninhos abandonados para a construção de novos ninhos, comportamento que pode oferecer economia de energia e um menor risco de predação, porém não há nenhum registro desse comportamento por espécies no cerrado brasileiro. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo descreve a reutilização do material de um ninho abandonado de vespa social pela espécie Parachartergus fraternus. O registro ocorreu em abril de 2023, em área de cerrado no Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas, município de Chapada Gaúcha, Minas Gerais, Brasil. As operárias de P. fraternus foram observadas retirando o envelope externo do ninho abandonado e reaproveitando o material para a construção de um novo ninho. É o primeiro registro da reutilização de material de ninhos abandonados por vespas sociais no cerrado brasileiro.
Plantas intensamente forrageadas por abelhas em uma floresta estacional semidecidual: caracterização dos atributos florais
Authors: Leandro Pereira Polatto  , Paulo Roberto De Abreu Tavares  , Glaucia Almeida De Morais  , Jessica Amaral Henrique  , Valter Vieira Alves Junior
Published: December 2023

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar os atributos florais das espécies vegetais intensamente forrageadas por abelhas em uma floresta estacional semidecidual secundária. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada em um fragmento composto por uma vegetação secundária em diferentes estágios sucessionais, apresentando algumas manchas com fisionomia de mata atlântica e outras de cerradão, no município de Ivinhema (MS). Para este estudo selecionaram-se 19 espécies vegetais que eram suscetíveis ao forrageio pela comunidade de abelhas e com disposição floral elevada. Foram descritas as principais características florais das espécies vegetais estudadas essenciais à atratividade dos visitantes. As populações vegetais estudadas no fragmento foram representadas pelas famílias Bignoniaceae, Malpighiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Sapindaceae, Lamiaceae e Rhamnaceae. As espécies vegetais selecionadas apresentaram oito tipos de formato floral: capítulo, goela, aberta, aberta com glândulas secretoras de óleo, aberta com anteras poricidas, tubular, pincel e transição entre flor aberta e polipétala profunda. As flores de todas as espécies vegetais exalavam odor e não possuíam separação temporal entre a receptividade do estigma e a deiscência das anteras. Os demais atributos florais encontrados nas espécies vegetais eram variados. Assim, as abelhas coletam recursos florais de espécies vegetais com atributos florais distintos.
REPRESENTAÇÃO DOS ATRIBUTOS DE AMOSTRAS TÊXTEIS EM MATERIOTECAS VIRTUAIS COMO SUPORTE À SELEÇÃO DE MATERIAL EM PROJETOS DE MODA E VESTUÁRIO
Authors: Emanoela Mardula  , Dulce Maria Holanda Maciel  , Icléia Silveira  , Lucas da Rosa  , Daniela Novelli
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo discute a digitalização de materiais têxteis no contexto de acervos acadêmicos. O objetivo que guiou esta pesquisa foi mapear, por meio de informações visuais, alternativas à apresentação dos materiais, de maneira que possam auxiliar designers de moda e de vestuário enquanto usuários de materiotecas virtuais. Foram utilizadas pesquisas qualitativa e descritiva, incluindo revisão da literatura e análise de acervos virtuais de naturezas diversas que apresentam tecidos digitalizados. Como resultado, são apresentadas estratégias para atender às necessidades de informação dos designers de moda ao pesquisar em materiotecas online.
Pharmacokinetics, Mass Balance, Tissue Distribution and Metabolism of
[14C]101BHG-D01, a Novel Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist, in Rats
Authors: Gao Huaye , Yang Cheng , Hu Wenhui , Ding Juefang , Diao Xingxing , Zheng Yuandong , Shu Chang , Ding Li
Published: December 2023

Background::

101BHG-D01, a novel long-acting and selective muscarinic receptor antagonist for
the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is undergoing Phase Ib clinical trial in patients
and has shown its potential efficacy. Its preparation method and medical use thereof have been patented
in the United States (Patent No.US9751875B2).

Objective::

In this study, the pharmacokinetics, mass balance, tissue distribution and metabolism of radioactive
101BHG-D01 were investigated in rats after an intravenous dose of 1 mg/kg [14C]101BHG-D01 (100 μCi/kg).

Methods::

Radioactivity in rat plasma, urine, feces, and tissues was measured by liquid scintillation counting
(LSC), and metabolite profiling and identification were conducted by UHPLC-β-RAM and UHPLC-Q-Exactive
Plus MS.

Results::

The total radioactivity of the study drug in rat plasma rapidly declined with an average terminal elimination
half-life of 0.35 h. The radioactivity in most tissues reached the maximum concentration at 0.25 h post--
dosing. The radioactivity mainly concentrated in the kidney and pancreas. The drug-related substances tended
to be distributed into the blood cells in the circulation. At 168 h post dosing, the mean recovery of the total radioactivity
in urine and feces was 78.82%. Fecal excretion was the major excretion route, accounting for approximately
61% of the radioactive dose. The study drug was metabolized extensively, and a total of 17
metabolites were identified in rat plasma, urine, and feces. The major metabolic pathways involved oxidation,
oxidation and dehydrogenation, and O-dephenylation.

Conclusion::

In conclusion, the study results are useful for better understanding the pharmacokinetic profiles
of 101BHG-D01 and provide a robust foundation for subsequent clinical studies.
Malnutrition: A Longstanding Challenge in India
Authors: Saini Ritu , Bajpai Meenakshi
Published: December 2023

According to the World Health Organization, “malnutrition is the “deficiencies, excesses,
or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and/or nutrients”. Indian population has the highest
rate of adolescent malnutrition. Deficiency, Illness, Small level of education, and a range of
other factors contribute to India's malnutrition crisis. Undernutrition, micronutrient deficiency conditions,
and overnutrition are all forms of malnutrition. A malnourished always lags in every aspect
of life which will eventually affect the productivity of the country. In the 2023 Global
Hunger Index, India is positioned at 111th among 125 countries, reflecting a serious level of
hunger with a score of 28.7. India is grappling with a substantial population affected by anemia,
malnutrition, and obesity. Other than this Indian population is also affected by several other micronutrient
deficiencies. The present article provides an overview of the triple burden of malnutrition
in India by applying the literature review method and the data were collected from online
sources such as government survey reports, articles, and publications related to nutrition, healthcare
status, healthcare indicators, nutritional indicators, and healthcare survey reports, etc. A brief
introduction of the strategies followed by the Government as well as global health organisations to
combat the issue is also discussed.
Synthesis of SAPO-34 Zeolite Membrane: Influence of Sources of Silica
Authors: Barbosa Tellys Lins Almeida , Rodrigues Meiry Gláucia Freire
Published: December 2023

The research described the production and characterization of various materials, particularly alpha-alumina ceramic supports, zeolite SAPO-34, and zeolite membranes. Ceramic supports were manufactured through dry uniaxial compaction. Sintering of the supports was carried out at 1300°C for 2 h. SAPO-34 zeolites and zeolite membranes were synthesized through a hydrothermal process involving two steps: a first step at 38°C for 24 h and a second step at 200°C for 24 h. The research aimed to determine how different silica sources, namely Aerosil 380, colloidal silica, and TEOS, influenced the outcome of the synthesis. The study identified that Aerosil 380 silica was the most suitable source for synthesizing SAPO-34 zeolites and membranes. Zeolite membranes (SAPO-34/alpha-alumina) displayed a uniform and homogeneous distribution of SAPO-34 phase zeolitic crystals. The absence of defects or cracks in these membranes confirmed the successful formation of the SAPO-34 zeolite membrane structure. This research has significant implications, particularly in materials science and applications utilizing zeolites and membranes. The choice of silica source plays a crucial role in determining the quality and properties of the synthesized materials, and the detailed characterization provides valuable insights into their performance in practical applications. Overall, the research contributes to the understanding and optimization of zeolite synthesis processes.
Involvement of Fenton Reaction on Biodecolorization and Biodegradation of Methylene Blue Dye by Brown Rot Fungi Daedalea dickinsii
Authors: Purnomo Adi Setyo , Rohmah Alya Awinatul , Ekowati Weni Sri , Rizqi Hamdan Dwi , Asranudin Asranudin
Published: December 2023

The disposal of dye wastewater has become a major global concern. Meanwhile, microorganisms have shown high potential in the treatment of wastewater pollutants. In this study, the involvement of the Fenton reaction in the biodecolorization and biodegradation of methylene blue (MB) by the brown rot fungus Daedalea dickinsii was investigated. Subsequently, D. dickinsii is a fungus capable of producing hydroxyl radicals (•OH). This experiment was conducted with an initial MB concentration of 75 mg/L, and different incubation times of 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d respectively. The result showed that the Fenton reaction played an important role, and this was demonstrated by the addition of FeSO4 as a Fe2+ source. The removal of MB by D. dickinsii with the addition of Fe2+ reached 91.454% at 28 d in a mineral salt medium. It was higher compared to D. dickinsii culture treatment without Fe2+ addition, 86.427%. Furthermore, the metabolic degradation product was analyzed using LC-TOF/MS and identified as 2-amino-3-hydroxy-5-(methylamino) benzenesulfonic acid and N-(3,4-dihydroxy phenyl)-N-methyl formamide.
Preparation and Performance of ZnO and ZnO/MnO2 Nanostructures as Anode Electrodes in DSSCs
Authors: Abd Noor Suaad Abd Mahdi , Al-Shamari Amer Muosa Juda
Published: December 2023

Nanoparticles and nanocomposites prepared by the hydrothermal method (ZnO, ZnO/MnO2) were used to build dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), which were used as photoelectrodes using two natural dyes as the absorbent media: red (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and green (Apium graveolens). The results showed the efficiency of the green dye in DSSCs is superior to the red dye in terms of conversion efficiency (η). The purpose of the study is to improve the performance of dye solar cells. The properties of nanomaterials were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the analysis of ZnO NPs and ZnO/MnO2, whereas the sizes of the prepared materials are within the size of 1–100 nm. The solar cell parameters were obtained from simple (I-V) measurements for nanomaterials prepared using two-dye DSSCs where Isc represents the short circuit current through the solar cell when the voltage across the solar cell is zero, and Voc represents the open circuit voltage across the solar cell and is the maximum voltage available from the solar cell. The photoelectrochemical properties of the two dye DSSCs in this study were calculated at 22.53 mW/cm2 of the light intensity.
Synthesis and Characterization of Oligomer Bis(trans-2,3-dibromo-4-hydroxy-2-butenyl)terephthalate as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor on Mild Steel in 1 M H3PO4 Solution
Authors: Tuama Rasha Jasim
Published: December 2023

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste was depolymerized by trans-2,3-dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol in the presence of manganese acetate as a catalyst using microwave irradiation as opposed to the conventional heating process in order to reduce the time required for PET depolymerization. The depolymerization product bis(trans-2,3-dibromo-4-hydroxy-2-butenyl)terephthalate (BDBHBT) was isolated, characterized, and evaluated as a green inhibitor for mild corrosion steel in corrosive 1 M H3PO4 medium. This product was characterized using FTIR and 1H-NMR. The effects of immersion time, inhibitor concentration, and reaction temperature were studied. The chemical technique utilized in this study was weight loss, while the electrochemical technique employed an open circuit potential. With 0.6 g/L of BDBHBT inhibitor, the highest corrosion inhibition efficiency of 83.3% was observed. The kinetic and thermodynamic functions were calculated, and the results indicated that the investigated inhibitor was physically adsorbed on the surface and confirmed to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. This study aims to lessen pollution of the environment by transforming PET waste to a beneficial oligomer BDBHBT and estimating the inhibitory effect of this product on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M H3PO4.
Exploring the Predictive Value of Inflammatory Biomarkers in COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study in Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Iskandar Agustin , Oki Hambiah Hari , Sutrisnani Catur Suci , Firani Novi Khila , Samsu Nur , Endharti Agustina Tri , Widjajanto Edi
Published: December 2023

The objective of this study was to assess the predictive value of inflammatory biomarkers in COVID-19 patients, namely the CRP/albumin ratio (CAR), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-6/lymphocyte ratio (IL-6/LY), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR). A prospective cohort study was conducted between January to June 2021 at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. CRP and albumin levels were measured using COBAS C6000. IL-6 was measured using the enzymatic chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) method and NLR was calculated based on flow cytometry evaluation of neutrophil and lymphocyte. Patient outcomes were obtained from medical records. Out of the 102 COVID-19 patients, 60 were non-survivors. The findings revealed that the area under the receiver (AUC) for CAR, IL-6, IL-6/LY, and NLR were 0.71, 0.77, 0.75, and 0.65, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis demonstrated significant differences between the groups stratified by these cut-off values. Notably, CAR and IL-6 exhibited the most accurate predictive values for mortality in COVID-19 patients. These findings suggest that CAR and IL-6 may serve as valuable biomarkers for predicting mortality in COVID-19 patients. Importantly, CAR offers an advantage over IL-6 as it is relatively more affordable, making it a viable option even if COVID-19 becomes endemic.
Hubungan Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) Terhadap Mortalitas dan Lama Rawat Inap Pasien COVID-19 Di RSUP Dr. Sardjito
Authors: Khoeri Fatkhur Roofi , Sari Djayanti , Widyastuti Yunita
Published: December 2023

Latar belakang: COVID-19 merupakan penyakit infeksi virus yang telah menjadi pandemi dengan manifestasi klinis yang luas. Neutrophyl Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) dapat menggambarkan disregulasi sistem imun dan menjadi tanda peringatan pada pasien COVID-19 gejala ringan serta diprediksi memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian mortalitas maupun lama rawat inap. Pengukuran NLR merupakan pemeriksaan pemeriksaan darah yang sederhana sehingga mudah diaplikasikan dalam praktik klinis sehari-hari.

Metode: Observasional kohort retrospektif dilakukan dengan mengambil data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 yang dirawat di RSUP Dr. Sardjito selama April 2020 – Maret 2021. Cut-off point NLR ditetapkan menggunakan ROC dan Youden’s Index. Analisis survival Kaplan Meier dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara NLR dengan mortalitas dan lama rawat inap. Hubungan antara NLR dan faktor lain yang mempengaruhi mortalitas dan lama rawat inap dianalisis secara univariat dan multivariat menggunakan Cox regression.

Hasil: Total subjek penelitian adalah 273 pasien yang memenuhi keriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Cut-off point ditetapkan senilai 7,62, dengan jumlah subjek penelitian NLR <7,62 sebanyak 190 pasien dan NLR >7,62 sebanyak 83 pasien. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa subjek yang memiliki nilai NLR tinggi (>7,62) secara independen dan signifikan lebih berisiko untuk mengalami kematian (HR 3,345, p<0,001). Pasien dengan NLR > 7,62 secara signifikan memiliki lama rawat inap yang lebih lama, dengan median 23 hari untuk NLR > 7,62 dan 19 hari untuk <7,62 (p =0,027). Akan tetapi, analisis multivariat tidak membuktikan NLR sebagai faktor yang paling memengaruhi lama rawat inap (p=0,090).

Kesimpulan: NLR tinggi >7,62 secara independen dan signifikan berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko mortalitas. Analisis univariat menunjukkan bahwa NLR tinggi >7,62 secara signifikan terkait dengan lama rawat inap yang lebih lama pada pasien COVID-19, tetapi bukan sebagai faktor yang paling memengaruhi lama rawat inap.
MANAJEMEN NYERI PADA PASIEN KANKER PAYUDARA STADIUM PALIATIF DENGAN CANCER PAIN
Authors: Mahmud  , Sudadi  , Ristianto Muhammad Brian
Published: December 2023

Nyeri merupakan gejala paling sering dan ditakuti pada pasien dengan kanker, dan meskipun 80-90% nya dapat tertangani dengan baik, namun nyeri kanker tetap menjadi masalah kesehatan secara global. Nyeri pada kanker menjadi salah satu aspek perawatan paliatif. Perawatan paliatif merupakan sebuah pendekatan yang meningkatkan kualitas kehidupan pasien dan keluarganya yang menghadapi penyakit yang mengancam nyawa. Perawatan paliatif memerlukan identifikasi awal, pemeriksaan dan terapi. Penentuan perawatan paliatif menggunakan skoring, antara lain 5-poin skoring paliatif. Terapi nyeri kanker menggunakan panduan dari step-ladder WHO, dengan penilaian nyerinya menggunakan NRS atau Numeric Rating Scale. Kanker terbanyak di Indonesia yaitu kanker payudara, dengan prevalensi penyebaran dari kanker tersebut yaitu metastasis ke tulang. Diperlukan adanya penanganan yang tepat dalam manajemen nyeri pada pasien paliatif dengan nyeri yang disebabkan oleh kanker pada umumnya, dan terutama pada kanker payudara dengan metastasis ke tulang.
FAKTOR RISIKO MORTALITAS PASIEN GERIATRI YANG DIRAWAT DI ICU RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Hendra Maijoni , Akhmad Yun  , Widodo Untung
Published: December 2023

Latar belakang: Pasien geriatri semakin banyak yang membutuhkan pelayanan terapi intensif. Pada perawatan intensif pasien geriatri akan menunjukkan sindrom geriatri seperti delirium, gangguan sensoris dan frailty yang erat kaitannya dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Sampai saat ini di Indonesia belum ada penelitian khusus yang meneliti tentang risiko mortalitas pasien geriatri yang dirawat di ICU.

Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap mortalitas pasien geriatri di ICU, sebagai bahan acuan dalam tatalaksana pasien geriatri di ICU.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional kohort retrospektif. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 162 pasien yang dirawat di ICU RSUP Dr Sardjito dalam kurun waktu 1 Januari 2020 hingga 31 Desember 2020. Faktor risiko yang telah diidentifikasi tersebut kemudian dianalisis dan diuji dengan uji student’s t-test untuk data numerik dan chi square test untuk data kategorikal. Hasil analisis dengan p<0.25 selanjutnya dilakukan uji regresi logistik. Variabel dengan nilai p<0.05 pada analisis multivariat dianggap bermakna. Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan aplikasi SPSS 25.0.

Hasil: Faktor yang teridentifikasi sebagai faktor risiko mortalitas pasien geriatri di ICU RSUP Dr.Sardjito adalah komorbid ginjal berupa acute kidney injury dan chronic kidney disease (p=0.019, OR 0.364), penggunaan obat inotropik vasopresor yaitu dopamin, dobutamin, norepinefrin, epinefrin, vasopresin baik salah satu ataupun kombinasi (p=0.003, OR 0.277) dan mendapat bantuan ventilasi mekanis (p=0.004, OR 0.890) merupakan variabel yang memiliki pengaruh paling signifikan secara simultan terhadap mortalitas pasien geriatri di ICU.

Kesimpulan: Pasien geriatri yang memiliki komorbid ginjal, ventilasi mekanis invasif dan penggunaan obat-obat inotropik vasopresor merupakan faktor risiko mortalitas pasien geriatri di ICU RSUP Dr.Sardjito.
Perbandingan Angka Keberhasilan Pemasangan Laryngeal Mask Airway (Lma) Klasik pada Usaha Pertama Antara Teknik Standar dengan Modifikasi Teknik Menggunakan Rigid Stylet
Authors: Bowo Adiyanto  , IG Ngurah Rai Artika  , Sudadi
Published: December 2023

Pendahuluan. Angka keberhasilan pemasangan LMA klasik pada usaha pertama dengan teknik standar masih rendah dan bervariasi. Berbagai teknik dan modifikasi pemasangan LMA klasik telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan dan mengurangi komplikasi. Salah satu modifikasi adalah dengan menggunakan rigid stylet. Kami berharap dengan teknik ini kelemahan pemasangan LMA klasik dengan teknik standar dapat teratasi, LMA menjadi lebih kaku, lengkung pipa lebih sesuai dengan anatomi jalan napas, dan tidak memerlukan ruang yang lebih di rongga mulut sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan pemasangannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji hipotesis bahwa pemasangan LMA klasik pada usaha pertama dengan modifikasi teknik menggunakan rigid stylet lebih  baik dibandingkan teknik standar.

Metode Penelitian. Merupakan penelitian prospektif, uji klinis acak terkontrol yang dilakukan pada 88 pasien sehat (ASA I atau II) yang menjalani umum anestesi dilakukan randomisasi dan dialokasikan ke salah satu dari 2 dua kelompok yaitu teknik standar (kelompok S) dan kelompok modifikasi teknik menggunakan rigid stylet (Kelompok R). Waktu pemasangan LMA, dan komplikasi pemasangan berupa nyeri tenggorokan dan bercak darah pada LMA secara statistik dianalisa.

Hasil. Keberhasilan pemasangan LMA klasik pada usaha pertama adalah terpasangnya LMA klasik yang dinilai efektif memberikan ventilasi pada usaha yang pertama. Angka keberhasilan pemasangan LMA Klasik pada usaha pertama dengan teknik modifikasi dengan rigid stylet (93,%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan teknik standar (83,7%) secara statistik tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Waktu pemasangan secara signifikan lebih cepat pada teknik rigid stilet dibandingkan pada teknik standar. (15,52 ± 4,94 detik dibanding 7,12 ± 3,53 detik) (p<0.05).

Kesimpulan. Angka keberhasilan pemasangan LMA Klasik pada usaha pertama dengan teknik modifikasi dengan rigid stylet (93,%) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan teknik standar (83,7%) secara statistik tidak bermakna (p>0,05).
Seksio Sesaria (SC) dan Total Abdominal Hysterektomi-Bisalphingo Ooforektomi (TAH-BSO) pada Kehamilan dengan Kistoma Ovarii Permagna
Authors: Muhammad Iqbal  , Yusmein Uyun  , Bambang Suryono
Published: December 2023

Seorang perempuan usia 28 tahun G1P0A0, hamil 33 minggu dengan Kistoma Ovarii Permagna yang menjalani operasi SC dan TAH-BSO. Penilaian preoperasi pasien sudah dalam kondisi yang optimal. Dilakukan anestesi dengan teknik General anesthesia (GA) Intubasi Endotracheal Tube (ET) no. 7 nafas kendali. Monitoring dilakukan dengan Non invasive blood pressure (NIBP), elektrokardiogram (EKG), saturasi oksigen perifer (SpO2) dan Central Venous Pressure (CVP). Operasi berlangsung selama ± 4 jam. Durante operasi terjadi penurunan tekanan darah saat dilakukan pengangkatan kistoma dan histerektomi disebabkan oleh perdarahan masif. Dilakukan resusitasi dengan pemberian cairan kristaloid, koloid, darah dan pemberian support obat norepinefrin dan dobutamin titrasi. Pasca operasi masih terpasang ET no.7 dan ditransport ke ICU. Dua puluh empat jam pasca operasi dilakukan operasi laparatomi ulang untuk mengeksplorasi kemungkinan perdarahan intraabdomen dan untuk melepas tampon abdomen. Setelah 9 hari perawatan di ICU pasien dipindah ke bangsal.
Manajemen Anestesi untuk Operasi Tutup Defek Hernia Umbilicalis pada Neonatus dengan Tetralogi of Fallot (TOF)
Authors: Ressi Bhakti W  , Bhirowo Yudo Pratomo  , IG Ngurah Rai Artika
Published: December 2023

Tetralogi of Fallot (TOF) adalah salah satu jenis penyakit jantung bawaan sianotik yang ditandai dengan defek septum ventrikel, overriding aorta, obstruksi outflow ventrikel kanan dan hipertrofi ventrikel kanan. penatalaksanaan anestesi pada pasien TOF memerlukan pemahaman akan masalah shunting intracardiac dan obat-obat yang mempengaruhi tingkat shunting kanan ke kiri.

Dilaporkan penatalaksanaan anestesi pada pasien neonatus usia 17 hari, berat badan 3200 gram, dengan kelainan jantung bawaan Tetralogy of Fallot yang dilakukan operasi tutup defek hernia umbilikalis. Status fisik ASA III, teknik anestesi dengan anestesi umum semiopen, intubasi dengan ET no 3 tanpa cuff, nafas kendali. Pasien diberikan premedikasi dengan sulfas atropin 0,1 mg intravena, analgesi preemptif dengan Fentanyl 10 􏰃g intra vena, induksi intravena dengan Ketamin 5 mg, fasilitas intubasi dengan inhalasi Sevofluran dan pemeliharaan anestesi dengan O2, Sevofluran, Ketamin intermitten.

Selama operasi hemodinamik relatif stabil dengan HR 120 -160 x/menit, dengan saturasi oksigen berkisar 68-80%.Paska operasi pasien kembali dirawat di NICU dengan ventilator untuk support ventilasi.
Tatalaksana Gagal Jantung Perioperatif (Management of Perioperative Heart Failure)
Authors: I Made Adi Pramana
Published: December 2023

Gagal jantung adalah kondisi patofisiologis kompleks yang ditandai oleh ketidakmampuan jantung untuk mengisi atau memompa darah pada tingkat yang tepat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan jaringan.Sindrom klinis ditandai dengan gejala sesak napas dan kelelahan dan tanda-tanda bendungan sirkulasi atau hipoperfusi. Konsekuensi hemodinamik dari gagal jantung adalah penurunan curah jantung, peningkatan LVEDP, vasokonstriksi perifer, retensi natrium dan air, dan penurunan pengiriman oksigen ke jaringan dengan perbedaan oksigen arteri- vena melebar. Gagal ventrikel kiri mengakibatkan tanda dan gejala edema paru, sedangkan gagal ventrikel kanan mengakibatkan hipertensi vena sistemik dan edema perifer.

Adanya gagal jantung telah digambarkan sebagai satu faktor risiko yang paling penting untuk prediksi morbiditas dan mortalitas perioperatif.Pada periode preoperatif, semua faktor pencetus gagal jantung harus dicari dan diobati secara agresif sebelum dilanjutkan dengan operasi elektif.Pasien yang dirawat karena gagal jantung biasanya telah mendapatkan beberapa obat yang dapat mempengaruhi tatalaksana anestesi.Semua jenis anestesi umum telah berhasil digunakan pada pasien dengan gagal jantung.Namun, dosis obat mungkin perlu disesuaikan.Pro dan kontra dari anestesi regional harus dipertimbangkan secara hati-hati pada pasien gagal jantung.Selama periode post operasi pasien sebaiknya dimonitor dan diterapi di intensive care unit.
Penatalaksanaan Anestesi pada Operasi Kraniotomi Cedera Kepala Berat
Authors: P Inggita Dyah , Rahardjo Sri , Sudadi
Published: December 2023

Telah dilakukan penatalaksanaan anestesi pada wanita 38 tahun dengan diagnosis SDH akut et causa fraktur temporoparietal dextra yang akan dilakukan tindakan craniotomi decompresi dan removal hematom. Dari pemeriksaan didapatkan status fi sik ASA III E dengan GCS E1VTM2. Anestesi dilakukan dengan General Anestesi dengan teknik Rapid Sequence Intubation dan untuk pemeliharaan digunakan propofol continous dan fentanyl continous tanpa penggunaan agen inhalasi dan N2O. Operasi berlangsung selama 155 menit dengan hemodinamik stabil dan perdarahan kurang lebih 1000 cc. Post operasi pasien dirawat di PACU tanpa dilakukan ekstubasi.