bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kamalaśı̄la’s Interpretation and Philosophy of the Middle Way
Authors: Keira Ryusei
Published: February 2024

Madhyamaka philosophy is considered the philosophy of the middle way (madhyamā pratipad). Madhyamaka philosophers acknowledge that the middle way is free from the two extremes of existence and nonexistence. However, when analyzing the way they understand the middle way, we encounter differing interpretations. In his Mūlamadhyamakakārikā 24.18, Nāgārjuna says “precisely this [voidness] is the middle way (pratipad … madhyamā)” (18d). According to Avalokitavrata, Bhāviveka interprets the term pratipad madhyamā in stanza 18d as referring to two types of middle way, i.e., a conventional type and an ultimate one, while Candrakı̄rti comments on stanza 18d that voidness is the middle way. When in his Madhyamakālaṃkārapañjikā Kamalaśı̄la comments on verse 18, he seems to interpret that term neither as voidness or the two types of middle way. His interpretation of the term seems to be different from Nāgārjuna’s and his commentators’. In this article, in order to clarify his interpretation and philosophy of the middle way, we first analyze Kamalaśı̄la’s comments on verse 18. Next is an examination of whether he accepts the conventional type of middle way and the ultimate type, that is, voidness (= ultimate reality) free from the two extremes, and a clarification of his central idea of the middle way and his systematization of the different types of middle way. After an analysis of his idea of the practice for eliminating the two extremes, we will lastly examine his philosophy of the middle way. These analyses will allow us to say that by means of his central idea of the middle way, Kamalaśı̄la systematized his Madhyamaka philosophy as the path (mārga) for fully achieving the understanding of the middle way.
Kamalaśīla’s Views on Dependent Origination
Authors: Eltschinger Vincent
Published: February 2024

Directly or indirectly, by way of scriptural commentary or philosophical investigation, dependent origination (pratītyasamutpāda) plays an important role in several of Kamalaśīla’s works. His interpretation is remarkably consistent. As earlier “Yogācāra-Mādhyamika” authors such as Śrīgupta, Jñānagarbha and Śāntarakṣita, Kamalaśīla regards dependent origination as one of the characteristic features of genuine conventional reality, non-origination (anutpāda) being characteristic of ultimate reality/truth. Genuine conventional reality and ultimate reality correspond to the two modes – conventional and ultimate – of dependent origination in the ŚSūṬ, a commentary whose purpose was to provide the ŚSū with a Mādhyamika interpretation. Although it seems to leave no room for the Madhyamaka and culminates in a Yogācāra analysis of reality, the TSP likely is no exception to this, as its maṅgala’s indebtedness to Nāgārjuna already suggests. Close comparative and intertextual analysis reveals that the intention underlying the TS(P) was to provide a description of true conventional reality, i.e., the domain of dependently originated though ultimately essenceless entities similar to magical horses and elephants. As a corollary, Śāntarakṣita and Kamalaśīla attempted to “purify” it from pseudo-entities, i.e., non dependently originated fictions, or, equivalently, entities with incongruous causes (viṣamahetu), such as a rabbit’s horn, the self, and God. In this perspective, the TS(P) can be read as a detailed philosophical propedeutics to a Mādhyamika analysis of reality, cognition, and truth.
Two triazole-based coordination polymers: Synthesis and crystal structure characterization
Authors: Li Jing , Ren Hongjiang , Li Jiangtao , Wang Liuchang
Published: February 2024

Here we reported two new triazole-based coordination polymers (CPs), i.e., [Zn(Hdatrz)(μ
2-O)]
n
(1) together with [Mn(Hdatrz)(C2O4)]
n
·n(H2O) (2) (Hdatrz = 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole), which were generated under solvothermal conditions. The influence of different metal ions on the structure and properties of CPs was investigated. The CPs’ whole structures have been completely characterized by the powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. It is noteworthy that, upon excitation at 390 nm, ligands of compounds 1 and 2, as well as the metal complexes, all exhibit luminescence at 432 nm.
Evaluating the single-frequency static precise point positioning accuracies from multi-constellation GNSS observations at an Indian low-latitude station
Authors: Aginiparthi Anantha Srinivas , Vankadara Ram Kumar , Mokkapati Ravi Kumar , Panda Sampad Kumar
Published: February 2024

Multiple constellations and their combinations in the global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) provide a great opportunity for single-station precise point positioning (PPP) models. The PPP models are of more importance for GNSS users as they are cost-effective with reasonable accuracy. There are abundant models in the market that use different data processing techniques based on the location and constellations used. In this study, we used the precise point positioning (PPP) software Net_Diff to verify the positioning accuracy at a low latitude Indian location using individual global satellite constellations (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou) and their combinations with GPS fixed. The ionospheric correction models such as GIM and Klobuchar are applied in the post-processing to determine the positioning accuracy. The Kalman filter method is applied to model the input data along with including the noise to derive the position solution. The results revealed that the GPS showed constant residual error for both quiet and disturbed days. In terms of single constellation Galileo produced less residuals in WGS 84 and ECEF coordinate systems whereas in the multi-constellation combination GPS, Galileo and GLONASS resulted in residuals of lesser magnitudes compared to the other combinations considered in this study. The RMS and STD of the residuals confirmed the high precision for Galileo and low precision for BeiDou constellations at the location.
The future of quantum technologies: superfluorescence from solution-processed, tunable materials
Authors: Russ Brendan , Eisler Carissa N.
Published: February 2024

One of the most significant and surprising recent developments in nanocrystal studies was the observation of superfluorescence from a system of self-assembled, colloidal perovskite nanocrystals [G. Rainò, M. A. Becker, M. I. Bodnarchuk, R. F. Mahrt, M. V. Kovalenko, and T. Stöferle, “Superfluorescence from lead halide perovskite quantum dot superlattices,” Nature, vol. 563, no. 7733, pp. 671–675, 2018]. Superfluorescence is a quantum-light property in which many dipoles spontaneously synchronize in phase to create a collective, synergistic photon emission with a much faster lifetime. Thus, it is surprising to observe this in more inhomogenous systems as solution-processed and colloidal structures typically suffer from high optical decoherence and non-homogeneous size distributions. Here we outline recent developments in the demonstration of superfluorescence in colloidal and solution-processed systems and explore the chemical and materials science opportunities allowed by such systems. The ability to create bright and tunable superfluorescent sources could enable transformative developments in quantum information applications and advance our understanding of quantum phenomena.
Advances and prospects for adsorption-driven valorization of newspapers using activated carbon: a short review
Authors: Putra Nicky Rahmana , Mohd Faizal Azrul Nurfaiz , Harsanti Elisabeth Srihayu , Rosniati Rosniati , Krismawati Amik , Arifin Zainal , Ngurah Arya Nyoman , Rahman Rahman , Rizkiyah Dwila Nur , Airlangga Bramantyo
Published: February 2024

The valorization of newspaper waste through adsorption-driven processes using activated carbon presents a promising avenue for sustainable waste management. This comprehensive review explores the advances and prospects of using activated carbon to enhance the value of newspapers. The fundamental properties of activated carbon, its unique adsorption mechanisms, and its interaction with contaminants commonly found in newspapers, such as ink dyes, heavy metals, and organic pollutants, are also discussed. Applications of activated carbon-treated newspapers span across air and water purification, soil enrichment, and odour control. The paper critically evaluates the environmental benefits of this approach, comparing it with conventional disposal methods. Furthermore, challenges associated with implementing activated carbon-assisted valorization and potential strategies for overcoming them are discussed. Real-world case studies highlight successful projects, shedding light on this innovative waste management solution’s economic viability and technological feasibility. This review concludes by emphasizing the role of adsorption-driven valorization in transforming newspaper waste into a valuable resource, addressing environmental concerns, and shaping future research directions.
Numerical study on flow and heat transfer performance of a spiral-wound heat exchanger for natural gas
Authors: Ya-bin Wang , Yang-fan Ma , Qian Zhang , Yan Zhou , Ting Ma , Yu Shi , Min Zeng
Published: February 2024

The spiral-wound heat exchanger is a key equipment in the liquefied natural gas application, but the flow and heat transfer mechanisms remain unclarified. In this study, a three-dimensional numerical model is created, focusing on exploring the impact of four crucial structural parameters on the flow and heat transfer performance of natural gas, including the external diameter of tubes, the diameter of the core cylinder, the longitudinal pitch of tubes in the same layer, and the radial pitch of tube bundles between the adjacent layer. It was found that the tube diameter, core cylinder diameter, and radial pitch had significant effects on Nu and Δp
m. The optimal Nu on the shell side was obtained at medium core cylinder size. The longitudinal pitch had a weak effect on the performance of both sides, and the longitudinal pitch corresponding to the maximum values of Nu and Δp
m on both sides increased with the increase in the inlet Reynolds number. Under the effect of centrifugal force, a shifted tendency was shown by the velocity and temperature fields.
Comparison of efficacy and reliability of six commercial COVID-19 diagnostic PCR kits
Authors: Sharafi Parisa , Gokdemir F. Seyma , Akyol Mesut , Ardicoglu-Akisin Yasemin , Gocmen J. Sedef , Taylan-Ozkan Aysegul
Published: February 2024

Objectives

All countries have been deeply affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, both economically and in situations that strain health systems, such as workforce and workload. Therefore, various measures should be taken to control the disease and prevent its spread. Since the disease onset, real-time PCR tests have been used as the gold standard for disease diagnosis. Owing to the rapid progress of the pandemic and the spread of the disease, validation, consistency, and optimization tests of some commercial kits have been conducted directly in the field. Therefore, it is important to compare the results of these kits and improve the existing ones.

Methods

We compared five kits (Bioexen, Polgen, Coronex, Diagen, and Anatolia) donated to the TOBB Economics and Technology University Hospital PCR laboratory with the KrosGen kit to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. A total of 244 samples were selected and analyzed using five different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 PCR detection kits.

Results

Positive and negative results from the six kits were compared using the working protocols of the kits, primers, and cycle threshold (Ct) values. Five of the six kits have reliable compatibility for Ct<30 but decreases for Ct≥30. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the performance of these kits for reduced viral loads.

Conclusions

Using a suitable kit with high compatibility for Ct≥30 is important for detecting patients with a low viral load and helping prevent disease spread.
Numerical investigation of force over the horizontal jet tab of various sector angle fixed to the convergent-divergent nozzle exit
Authors: Ahmed Asad R. , Subramaniyan Manikandan , Venkataraman Sarann , Thamizhselvan Sri Venkateshwaran
Published: February 2024

In this study, a CFD computational model has been established to properly simulate complex correctly expanded supersonic flow generated by a three-dimensional C–D nozzle for the purpose of Thrust Vector Control (TVC) simulations. Jet tabs affixed to the perimeter of the nozzle exit are used to achieve thrust vectoring. This study focuses on the estimation of the force on the tabs due to the jet issued from the C–D nozzle using Ansys 19.2 three-dimensional density based solver, implicit formulation with SST K–ω turbulence model. The force is calculated for different tab configurations based on tab sector angles of 60°, 90°& 120° for the designed Mach number and X/D ratio of 0.7. The nozzles with Mach 1.6, Mach 1.8 and Mach 2.0 designed using SolidWorks are compared. It has been observed that with an increase in sector angle, tab force increased by an average of 70 % for sector angle of 60° to 90° and 36 % for sector angle of 90° to 120°.
Compilation of Odor and Taste Threshold Values Data
Authors: Stahl W. H.
Published: February 2024

This report is truly the result of a committee effort. The editor would like to express his sincere appreciation for the efforts of the very many members of ASTM Committee E-18, too numerous to list separately who, over the several years of preparation for this publication, have given freely of their time. A significant number of the compounds reported on have been given to us from the personal files of Dr. Birger Drake of the Swedish Institute for Food Preservation Research. In particular, he would like to extend special thanks to Mr. Harry McDaniel of the Proctor and Gamble Company for his extensive help in the keypunching of this information. Prof. John Powers of the University of Georgia was particularly helpful in assisting in the writing of the introduction.
Interlaboratory Cooperative Study of the Precision and Accuracy of the Measurement of Dustfall
Authors: Howes J. E. , Pesut R. N. , Foster J. F.
Published: February 2024

This report represents the results obtained from an experimental study of the variability inherent in measurements of dustfall, using ASTM Method D 1739.(1) The report also includes a description of the experimental program together with tabulations of the data and the statistical interpretations of the results.
Compilation and Index of Trade Names, Specifications, and Producers of Stainless Alloys and Superalloys
Authors: Simmons Ward F. , Gunia Russell B.
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this compilation is the tying together of the trade names, producers' designations, and specifications for stainless steels and superalloys, thus easing the problem of identifying some of these alloys. This publication is not intended as a procurement directory or buyer's guide.
Compilation of Chemical Compositions and Rupture Strengths of Superalloys
Authors: Simmons Ward F.
Published: February 2024

This compilation lists the name, nominal chemical composition, and characteristic rupture strengths for rupture in 100 and 1000 hours, and identifies the patentee, assignee, or developer for approximately 235 domestic and 180 foreign alloys. Stress versus temperature curves for rupture in 1000 hours are given for selected alloys. The compilation includes the ferritic (martensitic) “superalloys” and age-hardening stainless steels. It does not include the conventional AISI 300 or 400 series stainless steels.
Chapter 6 | Overview of Tests, Specifications, Practices, and Guides for Medical and Consumer Rubber Products
Authors: Cornish Katrina
Published: February 2024

ASTM Subcommittee D11.40 on Consumer Rubber Products oversees a large number of consumer and medical product standards, including specifications and test methods. Some of these standards are highly specific to a particular product, whereas others are more broadly applicable. Thus, certain test methods and materials standards will be cited in multiple product specification standards. Some standards specified by Subcommittee D11.40 target intrinsic composition of the materials from which the products are made or the intrinsic properties of the final product. In many product specification standards, test methods are cited that require following a method in a different standard, which may or may not fall under Subcommittee D11.40. All standards must be critically reviewed every five years and updated, amended, or corrected as needed. Standards no longer in use can be withdrawn by a vote from the subcommittee members, and working groups can be assembled to develop new standards desired by manufacturers. New standards often are intended to address limitations of existing standards, which only become obvious once a standard has been in active use for a period of time. Some limitations may be addressed by modifying the standard, which may entail an editorial change or a new revision before the five-year review, whereas others may require development and approval of an additional, separate standard. New standards also are demanded to address new materials, new products, new U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations, and the potential for new product claims. Product features currently not defined or covered, but that are under discussion for future test method development, include durability in-use, fit, tactility, fixed point anchoring, and others.
Fatigue Crack Tip Plasticity
Authors: Lankford J , Davidson DL , Cook TS
Published: February 2024

Theoretical calculation and experimental measurement of fatigue crack tip plastic zone size are reviewed, and recent plastic zone measurements using selected area electron channeling are presented. The relationships between state of stress, measurement technique, and plastic zone shape and size are discussed. It is shown that there exists only limited agreement between theory and experimental measurements, but that general conclusions concerning the appropriate plastic zone dimensions for various conditions can be drawn. The importance of plastic zone shape is demonstrated for the case of overload-induced crack growth retardation.
A Dynamic Analogy for Foundation-Soil Systems
Authors: Pauw Adrian
Published: February 2024

This paper presents a procedure whereby the dynamic soil constants required for the accurate prediction of the natural frequencies of a foundation-soil system may be determined. The foundation-soil system is treated by considering the foundation mass to be supported by a truncated pyramid of “soil springs.” By the use of this analogy, the effect on the spring constants of the size and shape of the contact area and the effect of increasing soil modulus with depth may be evaluated. The analogy further permits the computation of the effective or apparent mass of soil moving with the foundation. Analytical expressions are derived for the dynamic soil constants and are presented in graphical form to permit rapid calculation. The equations of motion for a block foundation are next discussed and sample calculations for determining the natural frequencies of a typical foundation are shown. In conclusion, the accuracy of the procedure is demonstrated by comparing computed frequencies with the frequencies observed on experimental model foundations.
Steels of Improved Fracture Toughness
Authors: Hodge John M.
Published: February 2024

The primary requisite for steels for low-temperature service is a high fracture toughness—the ability to resist the rapid crack propagation associated with brittle failure. It is well known that the yield strengths of ferritic steels increase markedly as the temperature decreases and, if the fracture toughness is high enough so that rapidly propagating fractures do not occur, advantage can be taken of this higher yield strength; thus the low temperature becomes an advantage rather than a disadvantage. On the other hand, since fracture toughness decreases as the temperature decreases, if the fracture toughness is low, rapid fracture can propagate at the low temperature from very small defects at nominal stress levels which may be below even the ambient-temperature yield strength. Thus, the usefulness of steels for low-temperature service is primarily dependent upon their having a high enough level of fracture toughness to permit their use at allowable stresses commensurate with their strength at the low temperature without danger of rapidly propagating fractures. Ideally, then, for design purposes or to establish the suitability of steels for reliable structures for low-temperature service, fracture toughness should be evaluated in terms of a limiting stress for brittle fracture in the presence of defects of a limiting size for application at a given temperature. Information of this type would permit the designer to design structures for use at low temperatures which would be safe with respect to brittle fracture in the same manner in which they are accustomed to design structures for elevated-temperature service, based on allowable stresses for such service.
Architectural Considerations in Glazing
Authors: Flynn M. D.
Published: February 2024

Architectural considerations in glazing cover a broad range with the objective of providing a serviceable facade for the benefit of the building owner and occupants. These considerations extend from identifying the scale of general demands upon glazing to assessing the relative merits of specific glazing systems.
Compression Seal Gaskets
Authors: Brown H. R.
Published: February 2024

This paper describes cellular compression seals and the do's and don'ts behind their use. Also, the paper attempts to give those interested parties a guide for the use of compressions seals as well as cover the most recent developments in design and application of compression gaskets.
Developments and Trends in Flow Research Over 40 Years: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yongfa , Wang Fei
Published: February 2024

Since Dr. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi outlined the foundation of the flow theory in 1975, the study of flow has grown into a massive multi-disciplinary field. This study aimed to employ bibliometric techniques for analyzing the extensive body of literature accumulated in flow research, addressing five research questions: (a) What is flow research’s quantitative status and growth trends? (b) What is the publication pattern of flow research? (c) What are the cornerstone publications in this field? (d) What are the major research themes in this field? (e) What are the promising directions of flow research? A total of 2622 peer-reviewed documents published between 1982 and 2021 were retrieved from Scopus. The results revealed an exponential rise in publications after the new millennium. Researchers of various disciplinary backgrounds across the globe have contributed to the field, and flow theory has been frequently connected with self-determination theory and the technology acceptance model. Eight major themes were identified in the 2622 publications, including three theoretical themes (mechanism, positivity, and health) and five application themes (technology, gaming, sports, creativity, and education). Among these themes, technology and gaming reign supreme. These findings provide a macroscopic overview of the field and guidance for future studies.
A Multi-Layered Approach for Detecting Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Using Deep Learning Model
Authors: Ashok Nutalapati , Rao K. Gangadhara
Published: February 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic brain disorder that affects the brain cells finally. The common cause of AD is dementia which reduces memory, thinking, behavior, and social skills. All these changes affect a person's ability to function. It is challenging to detect the disease in the early stages. Some of the most common diagnosing techniques are Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT). These techniques provide information regarding the external and internal regions of the brain activities for diagnosing AD. Sometimes with the above methods, it is impossible to analyze AD accurately. The retina is a significant part of the eye which provides the vision to humans. Several studies made that the retina reveals that AD patients have some variations in the retina layers in addition to brain changes. Therefore, the retina becomes a biomarker for diagnosing AD. There are different techniques available for an eye examination. Most noticeable are Fundus Imaging and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). This paper introduces multi-layered Deep Learning (MLDL) to diagnose AD in the early stages from retinal abnormalities. Results show that the proposed approach achieved 98.7% accuracy in detecting AD.
The current dimension of social policy in the EU countries as a guideline for reforms in Ukraine
Authors:   SO ", Khaustov V. K. ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine"
Published: February 2024

The article presents modern approaches to measuring and possibly conducting a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of social policy in individual countries with the help of global and regional special indicator systems and global indices of well-being and social progress. It is emphasized that in the modern world, the scenarios of increasing social polarization, inequality and poverty of human development both within and between countries are currently being realized, as well as those associated with the contraction of public welfare, violation of social, labour and environmental standards, and reduction of the quality of social rights. The author identifies and briefly characterizes the main indicator systems for measurement and comparative analysis of the effectiveness of social policies in the EU member states, particularly the EU statistics on incomes and living conditions (EU-SILC) and the European pillar of social rights. The effectiveness of the social policy of the EU member states is analyzed by the indicators of “Median equalized net income per household member” and “Risk of poverty and social exclusion”, which make it possible to determine convergent and divergent trends in their growth. It is confirmed that two main trends are observed in the convergence processes: actual convergence (EU member states are becoming more similar); and an upward trajectory of living and working conditions, which improves the overall EU value. Recommendations are formulated regarding the need to reform Ukraine’s social policy and its statistical support as a candidate country for joining the European Union under the current EU regulatory environment. The assessment of the dynamics of the welfare indicators for EU and Ukraine populations according to the components of the Legatum Prosperity Index, which relates to the social sphere, proves the need for reforms and the development of measures to improve the living conditions and health of Ukraine’s population.
Ukrainian war migrants – motivations, expectations, aspirations and other directions of sociological understanding
Authors:   Institute of Sociology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shevchenko S. L.
Published: February 2024

The author considers the problem of Ukrainian war migrants in the context of the sociological study of this phenomenon. Almost from the first weeks of crossing the western border, Ukrainian war migrants became the object of surveys, which encountered several methodological problems: insufficient sensitivity of quantitative research, socially desirable responses about returning, the impossibility of long-term planning under stress and uncertainty, etc. In addition, quantitative surveys of migrants are not representative, given the unavailability of data on the general population of such people in the countries of temporary stay. Despite the large array of accumulated empirical data, knowledge about the motivations for migration and plans for return remains somewhat fragmented. The paper examines available empirical data on this topic, conducts a theoretical analysis of modern migration studies, and takes steps to form a sociological framework for further study of the situation of Ukrainian war migrants. Among other things, it is suggested to consider positive and negative motivations and comparisons between Ukraine and the country of current residence. It is also recommended to apply an importance filter and to use the terminology of “delayed return”. The necessity of studying the aspirations of migrants is proved, which will help to shed light on the aspect of agency, which remains in a shadow. The relevance of studying family dynamics of migration is also argued. The article also discusses the need to understand that returning to Ukraine after the war can be another migration into the unknown, not a return to the familiar. As for the object of the research, the importance of studying the motivations of those who returned after a more or less long experience in other countries and those who changed from one host country to another is emphasized. Implementing these frames to the research arsenal will expand the possibilities of sociological understanding of this phenomenon.
Images of everyday life under the occupation (on the example of Southern Ukraine)
Authors:   Mariupol State University, Zubchenko O. S.
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes life in the occupation of the population of Southern Ukraine from the standpoint of sociology of everyday life. The author examines everyday reality by integrating the theoretical approaches of A. Schütz, T. Berger and P. Lukman, as well as the ethnomethodology of H. Garfinkel. At the centre of the researcher’s attention are the problems of social divisions in the de-occupied territories of Southern Ukraine. Based on empirical data obtained in conducting in-depth interviews with residents of the liberated districts of the Kherson region, the researcher characterizes the images of everyday life through which people perceive the beginning of the large-scale Russian invasion, life under occupation and the return of the Ukrainian army. It is noted that with the arrival of the enemy, the surrounding world turns from a close and understandable one into a foreign and dangerous one, the available everyday knowledge loses its relevance, the disruption of the usual way of life is characterized by a powerful emotional outburst and the collapse of social activity. The construction of strategies for survival under new conditions and the creation of accessible knowledge of military times begins. The new subjective reality is perceived through visual and acoustic images – explosions, the roar of military equipment, foreigners in green camouflage, the alarming barking of dogs, constant and all-encompassing fear. At the same time, there is a narrowing of social space (a tightly closed gate), violations by the occupiers of the boundaries of public and private (searches day and night), the return of archaic social practices (extortion on the roads), the emergence of new forms of social adaptation (the “two mobile” rule), powerful mechanisms are at work in the economic robbery of seized lands (“scissor prices” for local agricultural products and imported goods). The key characteristic of the post-occupation picture of the life world is the awareness that the war will continue for a long time and it is time to build one’s life in a new way. At the same time, it is noted that the inability of the authorities to bring numerous collaborators to justice harms the stabilization of the situation in the region.
Digest of U-Report surveys: 4th quarter of 2023 (violence in relationships, culture of charity and attitudes towards same-sex partnerships)
Authors:   NGO ", Demchuk V. S. ,   Ukrainian Volunteer Service"
Published: February 2024

The results of surveys of the innovative youth project U-Report for October are shown – December 2023: gender stereotypes and violence against women, culture of charity, attitude to same-sex partnership.
La coherencia curricular en educación superior
Authors: González García Victoria
Published: February 2024

En el presente trabajo se propone un concepto para el término “coherencia curricular”. Este concepto se construye como parte de la investigación Relacionando Pedagogía, Currículo y Didáctica: el caso de las carreras, de la Universidad de Costa Rica, reacreditadas ante el SINAES en los años 2010-2014, inscrita en el Instituto de Investigación en Educación (INIE), con el fin de que oriente el análisis de las carreras analizadas. Para construirlo se consultó información documental, se entrevistó a docentes de las carreras en el estudio, así como a autoridades universitarias del quehacer docente. La autora, relaciona sus conocimientos previos con esta recuperación teórica y empírica, y propone, además del concepto, una ruta para caminar hacia la coherencia curricular, tanto en la revisión de los planes de estudio como en la práctica didáctica cotidiana. Se obtuvo un concepto que orienta teóricamente el quehacer curricular y didáctico de la Universidad de Costa Rica, así como algunos recursos teóricos. Se concluye que la coherencia curricular es necesaria en la formación de profesionales y en la mejora continua, así como para el logro del Mandato Pedagógico Institucional.
Swim start and performance in 50 m freestyle in different age categories of competitive swimmers
Authors: Matúš Ivan , Vadašová Bibiana , Eliaš Tomáš , Czarny Wojciech , Labudová Jana , Grznár Luboš
Published: February 2024

Background and Study Aim. In international races, the winners are decided by hundredths of a second, which is why the swim start plays an important role, especially in the sprint disciplines. The aim of the study is to reveal the differences in kinematic parameters of start and performance in the sprint 50 m freestyle discipline based on gender in different age categories of competitive swimmers at international competitions organized in Slovakia.
Material and Methods. The sample consisted of 180 females and 189 males who were divided into age categories (K1, K2, K3). SwimPro cameras and Dartgish software were used to monitor kinematic parameters. The parameters monitored were - block time (BT), time (FT) and distance (FD) of flight, time (UWT) and distance (UWD) underwater, time to 15 m (T15), 25 m (T25) and 50 m (T50). Data were tested by Shapiro-Wilk, Kurskal-Wallis ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test in Statistica 13.5.
Results. In the phase above water level, there were greater differences (p<0.01) in females than in males. Inter-sex differences (p<0.01) were evident in FT in K3, K2 and in FD across all categories. In the underwater phase, differences (p<0.01) were evident in both sexes. Inter-sex differences were more evident in UWT (p<0.01) than UWD (p<0.05). There were inter-sex differences (p<0.01) in ST and SD between all categories except K3. At T15, T25 and T50, differences (p<0.01) were most pronounced between K3 and K2, K1 in females and between all categories in males. Inter-sex differences (p<0.01) were also evident across all categories.
Conclusions. The study highlighted differences in 50m freestyle start and performance between age groups and gender, so coaches are advised to design training sessions for swimmers separately.
Viscoelastic and phototunable GelMA-alginate hydrogels for 3D cell culture
Authors: Tansik Gulistan , Stowers Ryan
Published: February 2024

In this study, we developed a biocompatible 3D viscoelastic interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel that can be stiffened (increasing in elastic modulus from ~ 1 to ~ 18 kPa) over time. Our approach utilizes a dual-crosslinking strategy. Ionically crosslinked alginate permits stress relaxation of the gel while radical-mediated photocrosslinking of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) enables dynamic stiffening. We found this technique to be cytocompatible with no significant loss of viability of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (MSC). This hydrogel platform is broadly applicable in 3D cell culture systems to better recapitulate the dynamic and time-dependent mechanics of the in vivo extracellular matrix (ECM).

Graphical Abstract
Study of the influence of GLP-1 receptor agonists on the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota in patients with type 2 DM
Authors: Zinych Olesia , Stepanov Yurii , Shyshkan-Shyshova Kateryna , Klenina Inna , Kushnarova Nataliia , Kovalchuk Alla , Prybyla Olha
Published: February 2024

The aim: to investigate the peculiarities of the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes under the influence of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist therapy.
Materials and methods: 21 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study, the average age was 57.2±8.53 years (M±SD), the HbA1c level was 8.29±0.88 % (M±SD). Patients were prescribed raGLP-1 at the maximum tolerated dose for 6 months. Before and after the course of treatment, indicators of body composition were determined by the bioelectrical impedance method (TANITA BC-545N analyzer, Japan), characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism and the lipid spectrum of blood serum, as well as the concentration of GLP-1, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) by the immunoenzymatic method, of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) by the method of chromatographic research.
Results. After 6 months of therapy with liraglutide against the background of a statistically significant decrease in fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels (p<0.05), a decrease in body mass index and waist circumference (p<0.05), a decrease in the content of visceral (p<0.05 ) and total fat (p<0.05) in patients with type 2 diabetes, there was a decrease in the concentration of TMAO in blood serum (p<0.05) and an increase in the concentration of SCFA: acetic, propionic (p<0.05) in the coprofiltrate and a tendency to increase in the level of butyric acids. Data analysis also established an increase in the concentration of endogenous GLP-1 in the blood (p<0.05).
Conclusions. The detected changes in microbial metabolites may indicate a positive effect of raGLP-1 on the composition of the intestinal microbiota and its metabolic activity in patients with T2DM, which in turn contributes to the improvement of endogenous secretion of incretins
Responsabilidad universitaria y desarrollo sostenible: Impulsando la educación inclusiva y de calidad
Authors: Hernandez Ana Cecilia Chumaceiro , Velazco Judith Josefina Hernandez Garcia de
Published: February 2024

Introducción. La responsabilidad social y el desarrollo sostenible constituyen elementos que promueven una gestión organizativa asertiva, por ejemplo, en el sistema educativo, en este contexto, la universidad tiene un gran reto, que es asumir la formación de individuos competentes y aptos para afrontar el futuro, que se caracteriza por ser impredecible y cada vez más complejo. Se plantea como objetivo comprender y reflexionar sobre la responsabilidad social universitaria y el desarrollo sostenible como impulsores, promotores de la educación universitaria inclusiva y de calidad. Se planteó como método el paradigma cualitativo, es de corte transeccional, donde a través de la observación documental y la hermenéutica permitiendo concluir que existen elementos claramente definidos que impulsan a las universidades a generar una educación inclusiva y de calidad que, aunque estas han aunado esfuerzos para alcanzar esta máxima falta camino por recorrer. Se recomienda a las instituciones universitarias que redefinan líneas prioritarias de investigación ajustadas a las realidades sociales inmediatas.
RESEARCH AND DESIGN OF MULTI-ATTITUDE DF-GNNRL SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY BASED ON SATELLITE DOWNLINK BEAM CALCULATION
Authors: Qiao Liping , Zhang Li , Feng Lei
Published: February 2024

In order to deeply study the characteristics and laws of downlink beam in satellite in-orbit motion, this paper proposes a multi-attitude disturbing force-GNNRL (DF-GNNRL) simulation technique based on satellite downlink beam calculation. The technique first studies the satellite in-orbit motion law and the calculation parameters of downlink beam under multi-attitude adjustment, establishes
the mathematical model with corresponding arithmetic power on this basis, completes the data flow analysis of multiple models in the calculation process, further designs the coding algorithm, realizes
the real-time data calculation and multi-terminal storage, builds the satellite multi-attitude DFGNNRL digital twin, and finally completes the satellite multi-attitude DF-GNNRL digital twin by means of information technology. The application of this technology can provide a strong analysis basis and data support for satellite in-orbit motion and downlink beam calculation under virtual simulation conditions.
HEXAGON-SHAPED ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BAND-NOTCHED ULTRA-WIDEBAND AND V2X APPLICATIONS
Authors: Garg Rahul Kumar , Singhal Sarthak
Published: February 2024

In this article, a compact and planar antenna is designed and investigated. The design is inspired by the hexagonal shape. The proposed design has a bandwidth of 11.22 GHz, from 3.16 GHz to 14.38 GHz. A suitably placed inverted-U slot in the patch generates a WLAN band notch. The overall size of the design is 20 × 26 mm2 (0.21 × 0.27 λ02 in terms of its highest wavelength). It is suitable to achieve a radiation pattern that is almost omnidirectional and has a maximum gain of 4 dBi in the passband. Simulated data is verified with the measured data and found to be in good agreement. The proposed design is suitable for sub-6 GHz, band-notched ultra-wideband, V2X, and modern wireless high-data-rate communication applications.
KEY WORDS: defected ground, hexagonal shape, planar design, ultra-wideband, WLAN band notch
THE BASIS OF THE FOLK VALUES UPBRINGING TO THE SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors:   Osh high school named after Kurmanzhan Datka, Akyulova Baktygul
Published: February 2024

This paper discusses the upbringing problems of the current education system. Upbringing starts in the family, continues at school, thus it forms. Nowadays it is necessary to tell the school children, that Kyrgyz people were the cohesive people and the young generation plays a greater role in preservation the language, religion, land, people, culture and traditions. The paper also will touch the issues related to the role of the family, school, relationship of the society and children, meaning and substans of the folk value, the role of the parents in upbringing the children, mother tounge and how to increase the impact of the upbringing.
INFORMATION COMPETENCE OF STUDENT OF PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY: ESSENCE AND STRUCTURE
Authors:   ", Kaldybaev Salidin ,   Ala-Too",   International University, Sadykova Lira ,   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabayev
Published: February 2024

The use of new information technologies in educational practice will entail an update of the learning process and the subject. This circumstance requires a revision of the purpose, content, form and methods of training students at pedagogical universities. A modern teacher should not only have the volume of knowledge necessary for professional activity, but also be able to creatively apply it in the educational process. Consequently, the educational process at a university should be based on a competence-based approach. This article analyzes the essence of the concepts of "competence", "information competence", defines the basic structural elements of information competence of students of a pedagogical university.
HARMONY AND DIVERSITY
Authors:   Bishkek State University named after K. Karasaev, Musaev Abdylda
Published: February 2024

In this article, the author focuses on the fact that today the education system of the Kyrgyz Republic is undergoing a new stage of development aimed at building an open competitive educational system and integration into the world educational space. In recent years, the post-Soviet space has taken the first steps towards developing cooperation in the field of higher education, among which are the creation of network universities in the CIS and the SCO, the development of permanent student exchanges and teaching staff. In the article, the author suggests measures to improve cooperation between Kyrgyzstan and the EAEU in the field of science and education.
Complex fuzzy-probabilistic analysis of information on drilling mud losses
Authors: GM Efendiyev , IA Piriverdiyev
Published: February 2024

In recent years, classification and clustering have been widely used for processing and analyzing information for the purpose of structuring, ordering, summarizing, and sorting. Classification and clustering are used when working with information processes both in enterprises (large and medium-sized) and in various fields of scientific activity, which is especially important in the context of the constant growth of processed information. At the same time, during cluster analysis, an important task is to assess its quality. In this work, cluster analysis was used to identify loss circulation zones when drilling wells and classify them by severity (intensity). To determine the quality of the cluster analysis, the entropy value was calculated, which should tend to a minimum. In our case, it was 0.23, which allows us to judge the fairly high quality of the cluster solution.
Environmental viability and economic sustainability of tillage for wheat: Evidence from Croatia
Authors: Stošić Miro , Brigita Popović , Ljubica Ranogajec
Published: February 2024

A multidisciplinary field experiment was performed during three seasons for winter wheat in Croatia. The intention of this study was to examine and diagnose the effect of Tillage Systems (TS) on soil chemical properties (soil acidity, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter content) as well as the outcome of economic indicators such as Gross Margin (GM), Rate of Profitability (ROP), cost-effectiveness (E) and productivity (P). TS were CT - plowing up to 30 cm depth; DT - disking up to 8-12 cm depth; LT - loosening up to 35 cm depth; NT - no-tillage. The experimental design was a randomised block design in four repetitions, where the basic TS plot was 540 m2. Soil sampling for 0-30 cm soil layer was done prior to setting up the experiment and after three seasons, a total of 320 soil samples and chemical analyses were performed according to standard pedological procedures. Economic indicators are calculated using economic equations and standards and statistical analysis was performed with SAS 9.3 and Microsoft Excel 2016. Generated results point that on systems with shallower tillage or no- tillage expressed accumulation of phosphorus and potassium appeared with distinct vertical stratification. At the same time, these TS ensured soil organic matter and soil fertility preservation. From the aspect of economic calculations, LT assigned the prime economic results. The ROP was in order CT (32.67%) < DT (37.39%) < LT (40.31%) < NT (42.29%). The same order was established for E, namely, CT (1.33) < DT (1.37%) < LT (1.40%) < NT (1.42%). NT established the best P because of the lowest costs of production, but due to significantly lower yield, NT has limited adoption in practice. The conservable and viable agricultural production by intermediation of reduced soil tillage systems has its capabilities and potency, firstly ecological, through providing soil degradation, and then economical by potentiating economic sustainability and financial efficiency of agricultural production.
Rotarod v1
Authors: not provided sdwalto , not provided Bryan_Killinger , Kordower Jeffrey
Published: February 2024

Rotarod protocol optimized for mice. This test is made to assess motor coordination and balance. The results should show lower latency to fall numbers for mice with motor impairments.
Digging Test v1
Authors: not provided sdwalto , Kordower Jeffrey , not provided Bryan_Killinger
Published: February 2024

Digging test optimized for mice. This is a test to assess olfaction impairment. The more olfactory impairment or deficits, the longer it will take to find the sweetened treat.
SCN Cyst Extraction from Greenhouse Cultures (crocks) v1
Authors: A Schlenker Casey
Published: February 2024

SCN Cyst Extraction from Greenhouse Cultures (crocks)