bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards a multilevel governance framework on the implementation of patient rights in health facilities: a protocol for a systematic scoping review
Authors: Putturaj Meena , Van Belle Sara , Criel Bart , Engel Nora , Krumeich Anja , B Nagendrappa Prakash , Prashanth NS
Published: October 2020

Introduction

Patient rights are “those rights that are attributed to a person seeking healthcare”. Patient rights have implications for quality of healthcare and acts as a key accountability tool. It can galvanise structural improvements in the health system and reinforces ethical healthcare. States are duty bound to respect, protect and promote patient rights. The rhetoric on patient rights is burgeoning across the globe. With changing modes of governance arrangements, a number of state and non-state actors and institutions at various levels play a role in the design and implementation of (patient rights) policies. However, there is limited understanding on the multilevel institutional mechanisms for patient rights implementation in health facilities. We attempt to fill this gap by analysing the available scholarship on patient rights through a critical interpretive synthesis approach in a systematic scoping review.

Methods

The review question is ‘how do the multilevel actors, institutional structures, processes interact and influence the patient rights implementation in healthcare facilities? How do they work at what level and in which contexts?” Three databases PubMed, LexisNexis and Web of Science will be systematically searched until 30th April 2020, for empirical and non-empirical literature in English from both lower middle-income countries and high-income countries. Targeted search will be performed in grey literature and through citation and reference tracking of key records. Using the critical interpretive synthesis approach, a multilevel governance framework on the implementation of patient rights in health facilities which is grounded in the data will be developed.

Ethics and dissemination

The review uses published literature hence ethics approval is not required. The findings of the review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Registration number

PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020176939
Protocol description of the HOVON 141/VISION trial: a prospective, multicentre, randomised phase II trial of ibrutinib plus venetoclax in patients with creatinine clearance ≥30 mL/min who have relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (RR-CLL) with or without TP53 aberrations
Authors: Levin Mark-David , Kater Arnon , Mattsson Mattias , Kersting Sabina , Ranti Juha , Thi Tuyet Tran Hoa , Nasserinejad Kazem , Niemann Carsten Utoft
Published: October 2020

Introduction

Literature is scarce on the combination treatment of ibrutinib and venetoclax (IV) is scarce in relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (RR-CLL). Especially, the possibility of stopping ibrutinib in RR-CLL patients in deep remission is unclear.

Methods and analysis

In the HOVON 141/VISION trial, patients with RR-CLL are treated with 12 cycles of IV after a short induction with ibrutinib. Patients reaching undetectable minimal residual disease (uMRD) after 12 cycles of IV are randomised 1:2 to continue ibrutinib or stop treatment. The persistence of uMRD after stopping IV is studied. In addition, in patients who become positive for MRD again after stopping, IV treatment is reinitiated. The efficacy of this approach with regard to progression-free survival 12 months after randomisation is the primary endpoint of the study.

Ethics and dissemination

This protocol respects the Helsinki declaration and has been approved by the ethical committee of the Amsterdam Medical Center. Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed papers. All patients who fulfil the inclusion criteria and no-exclusion criteria, and have signed the informed consent form are included in the study.

Trial registration number

ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT03226301).
Cluster-randomised trial of community-based screening for eye disease in adults in Nepal: the Village-Integrated Eye Worker Trial II (VIEW II) trial protocol
Authors: O'Brien Kieran S , Stevens Valerie M , Byanju Raghunandan , Kandel Ram Prasad , Bhandari Gopal , Bhandari Sadhan , Melo Jason S , Porco Travis C , Lietman Thomas M , Keenan Jeremy D
Published: October 2020

Introduction

The majority of blindness worldwide could be prevented or reversed with early diagnosis and treatment, yet identifying at-risk and prevalent cases of eye disease and linking them with care remain important obstacles to addressing this burden. Leading causes of blindness like glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration have detectable early asymptomatic phases and can cause irreversible vision loss. Mass screening for such diseases could reduce visual impairment at the population level.

Methods and analysis

This protocol describes a parallel-group cluster-randomised trial designed to determine whether community-based screening for glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration reduces population-level visual impairment in Nepal. A door-to-door population census is conducted in all study communities. All adults aged ≥60 years have visual acuity tested at the census visit, and those meeting referral criteria are referred to a local eye care facility for further diagnosis and management. Communities are subsequently randomised to a community-based screening programme or to no additional intervention. The intervention consists of a single round of screening including intraocular pressure and optical coherence tomography assessment of all adults ≥60 years old with enhanced linkage to care for participants meeting referral criteria. Four years after implementation of the intervention, masked outcome assessors conduct a repeat census to collect data on the primary outcome, visual acuity. Individuals with incident visual impairment receive a comprehensive ophthalmological examination to determine the cause of visual impairment. Outcomes are compared by treatment arm according to the originally assigned intervention.

Ethics and dissemination

The trial has received ethical approval from the University of California San Francisco Institutional Review Board, Nepal Netra Jyoti Sangh and the Nepal Health Research Council. Results of this trial will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals and presentation at local and international meetings.

Trial registration number

NCT03752840
Development and validation of a novel prognostic model for predicting AMD progression using longitudinal fundus images
Authors: Bridge Joshua , Harding Simon , Zheng Yalin
Published: October 2020

Objective

To develop a prognostic tool to predict the progression of age-related eye disease progression using longitudinal colour fundus imaging.

Methods and analysis

Previous prognostic models using deep learning with imaging data require annotation during training or only use a single time point. We propose a novel deep learning method to predict the progression of diseases using longitudinal imaging data with uneven time intervals, which requires no prior feature extraction. Given previous images from a patient, our method aims to predict whether the patient will progress onto the next stage of the disease. The proposed method uses InceptionV3 to produce feature vectors for each image. In order to account for uneven intervals, a novel interval scaling is proposed. Finally, a recurrent neural network is used to prognosticate the disease. We demonstrate our method on a longitudinal dataset of colour fundus images from 4903 eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), taken from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study, to predict progression to late AMD.

Results

Our method attains a testing sensitivity of 0.878, a specificity of 0.887 and an area under the receiver operating characteristic of 0.950. We compare our method to previous methods, displaying superior performance in our model. Class activation maps display how the network reaches the final decision.

Conclusion

The proposed method can be used to predict progression to advanced AMD at some future visit. Using multiple images at different time points improves predictive performance.
Effect of BATHE interview technique on patient satisfaction in an ambulatory family medicine centre in South India
Authors: Chengappa Navnee , Rajkumar Honest Prince Christopher , David Kirubah , Pricilla Ruby Angeline , Rahman Sajitha MF , Rebecca Grace
Published: October 2020

Objective

The objective of the study is to determine the effect of background, affect, trouble, handling and empathy (BATHE) versus usual interview technique on patient satisfaction during regular consultation with family physicians in ambulatory care.

Design

The research design was a prospective, randomised control trial.

Setting

The trial took place in a family practice unit in South India, which was one of the clinical service units of the academic Department of Family Medicine of a tertiary hospital.

Participant

The eligible participants were adults above the age of 18 years, who did not have any acute presenting illness. The participants should have given consent and also not have any cognitive disability. A total of 138 participants took part in the trial, 70 in BATHE group and 68 in the non-BATHE group. All participants entering the trial completed the questionnaire.

Result

The BATHE group had a significantly higher mean score for questions grouped under professional satisfaction. This included questions on whether the patient felt that the physician treated them as a person and also whether they felt the appropriate clinical examination was communicated to them. The questionnaire used for scoring satisfaction had 18 questions with a maximum possible score of 90. When taking a cut-off of 75% (68) from the total possible score of 90, 72.9% (51) of the participants for whom the BATHE consultation technique was used were satisfied as compared with only 55.9% (30) for whom the routine consultation was carried out. This was statistically significant (χ2=11.15, p value=0.0006)

Conclusion

The study suggests that using BATHE in this family practice centre is beneficial in improving the perception of person centeredness in the consultation. However, further studies ruling out all possible bias are needed in our setting before the range of probable benefits of the BATHE technique can be fully gauged.
Excess of cardiovascular deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazilian capital cities
Authors: Brant Luisa Campos Caldeira , Nascimento Bruno Ramos , Teixeira Renato Azeredo , Lopes Marcelo Antônio Cartaxo Queiroga , Malta Deborah Carvalho , Oliveira Glaucia Maria Moraes , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz Pinho
Published: October 2020

Introduction

During the COVID-19 pandemic, excess mortality has been reported, while hospitalisations for acute cardiovascular events reduced. Brazil is the second country with more deaths due to COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate excess cardiovascular mortality during COVID-19 pandemic in 6 Brazilian capital cities.

Methods

Using the Civil Registry public database, we evaluated total and cardiovascular excess deaths, further stratified in specified cardiovascular deaths (acute coronary syndromes and stroke) and unspecified cardiovascular deaths in the 6 Brazilian cities with greater number of COVID-19 deaths (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Fortaleza, Recife, Belém, Manaus). We compared observed with expected deaths from epidemiological weeks 12–22 of 2020. We also compared the number of hospital and home deaths during the period.

Results

There were 65 449 deaths and 17 877 COVID-19 deaths in the studied period and cities for 2020. Cardiovascular mortality increased in most cities, with greater magnitude in the Northern capitals. However, while there was a reduction in specified cardiovascular deaths in the most cities, the Northern capitals showed an increase of these events. For unspecified cardiovascular deaths, there was a marked increase in all cities, which strongly correlated to the rise in home deaths (r=0.86, p=0.01).

Conclusion

Excess cardiovascular mortality was greater in the less developed cities, possibly associated with healthcare collapse. Specified cardiovascular deaths decreased in the most developed cities, in parallel with an increase in unspecified cardiovascular and home deaths, presumably as a result of misdiagnosis. Conversely, specified cardiovascular deaths increased in cities with a healthcare collapse.
Neurogenetic fetal akinesia and arthrogryposis: genetics, expanding genotype-phenotypes and functional genomics
Authors: Ravenscroft Gina , Clayton Joshua S , Faiz Fathimath , Sivadorai Padma , Milnes Di , Cincotta Rob , Moon Phillip , Kamien Ben , Edwards Matthew , Delatycki Martin , Lamont Phillipa J , Chan Sophelia HS , Colley Alison , Ma Alan , Collins Felicity , Hennington Lucinda , Zhao Teresa , McGillivray George , Ghedia Sondhya , Chao Katherine , O'Donnell-Luria Anne , Laing Nigel G , Davis Mark R
Published: October 2020

Background

Fetal akinesia and arthrogryposis are clinically and genetically heterogeneous and have traditionally been refractive to genetic diagnosis. The widespread availability of affordable genome-wide sequencing has facilitated accurate genetic diagnosis and gene discovery in these conditions.

Methods

We performed next generation sequencing (NGS) in 190 probands with a diagnosis of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, distal arthrogryposis, fetal akinesia deformation sequence or multiple pterygium syndrome. This sequencing was a combination of bespoke neurogenetic disease gene panels and whole exome sequencing. Only class 4 and 5 variants were reported, except for two cases where the identified variants of unknown significance (VUS) are most likely to be causative for the observed phenotype. Co-segregation studies and confirmation of variants identified by NGS were performed where possible. Functional genomics was performed as required.

Results

Of the 190 probands, 81 received an accurate genetic diagnosis. All except two of these cases harboured class 4 and/or 5 variants based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. We identified phenotypic expansions associated with CACNA1S, CHRNB1, GMPPB and STAC3. We describe a total of 50 novel variants, including a novel missense variant in the recently identified gene for arthrogryposis with brain malformations—SMPD4.

Conclusions

Comprehensive gene panels give a diagnosis for a substantial proportion (42%) of fetal akinesia and arthrogryposis cases, even in an unselected cohort. Recently identified genes account for a relatively large proportion, 32%, of the diagnoses. Diagnostic-research collaboration was critical to the diagnosis and variant interpretation in many cases, facilitated genotype-phenotype expansions and reclassified VUS through functional genomics.
Bibliotherapy in practice: a person-centred approach to using books for mental health and dementia in the community
Authors: Brewster Liz , McNicol Sarah
Published: October 2020

Bibliotherapy is the use of texts to provide support for people with mental and physical health problems. It is widely seen to have beneficial outcomes but there is still disagreement about how best to deliver bibliotherapy in practice. This article explores one method of delivering bibliotherapy which has evolved over the past 20 years in the North of England, the Kirklees approach. Using a multimethod qualitative research design including reflective observations, interviews and document analysis, the article examines how bibliotherapy has been delivered to people with mental health problems and dementia in a volunteer-led scheme. As an inherently flexible and adaptable approach, bibliotherapy in practice in Kirklees is best defined by its ethos, rather than a prescriptive list of its activities, as is the case for many alternative approaches to bibliotherapy. It is an approach to bibliotherapy which is person-centred; avoids value judgements of texts and responses to them; is often co-produced with group participants; is about making a contribution (in a variety of ways); and emphasises social connection. This separates it from other current models of bibliotherapy operating in the UK, and demonstrates how it may be tailored to the requirements of those experiencing diverse mental and physical health conditions. A more responsive form of bibliotherapy, as outlined here, has the potential to provide support across the community.
Chlorphenamine for prolonged drug‐induced extrapyramidal side effects in a dog
Authors: Frias Joao Miguel , Michou Joanne , Fadda Angela
Published: October 2020

An eight‐year‐old male entire crossbreed dog, evaluated for resection of a mass at the base of the tail, underwent general anaesthesia for CT. Following preanaesthetic medication of 0.2 mg/kg butorphanol and 0.015 mg/kg acepromazine intravenously, anaesthesia was induced with 2 mg/kg alfaxalone and 0.3 mg/kg midazolam intravenously. Anaesthesia was uneventful, although during recovery the dog showed prolonged excitatory signs consisting of intermittent opisthotonic posture, limb dystonia, myoclonic jerks, paddling movements of all limbs, oculogyric movements and excessive vocalisation consistent with drug‐induced extrapyramidal side effects (EPS). EPS lasted 25 hours and did not cease after administration of antiepileptic drugs, but rapidly resolved after administration of chlorphenamine, an H1 antihistamine with anticholinergic activity. This report provides proposed mechanisms for the pathogenesis of these neuroanaesthetic EPS, frequently termed excitatory phenomena, and reports a successful treatment of prolonged EPS in a dog by blockade of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
Roger William Herdman
Authors: Francis Lorna , Baines Geoff
Published: October 2020

A charismatic vet with a sense of fun, he was a practical man who spent his working life in mixed practice. Devoted to his family, farming and the veterinary profession, he enhanced many people's lives.
Development and application of an outcome-centric approach for conducting overviews of reviews
Authors: Kho Michelle E. , Poitras Veronica J. , Janssen Ian , Chaput Jean-Philippe , Saunders Travis J. , Giangregorio Lora M. , Tomasone Jennifer R. , Ross-White Amanda , Ross Robert
Published: October 2020

There are gaps in current guidance concerning how to conduct overviews of systematic reviews in an outcome-centric manner. Herein we summarize the methods and lessons learned from conducting 4 outcome-centric overviews to help inform the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18–64 years and Adults aged 65 years or older on the topics of resistance training, balance and functional training, sedentary behaviour, sleep duration. We defined “critical” and “important” outcomes a priori. We used AMSTAR 2 to assess review quality and sought 1 systematic review per outcome. If multiple reviews were required to address subgroups for an outcome, we calculated the corrected covered area (CCA) to quantify overlap. We report our methodology in a PRISMA table. Across the 4 overviews, authors reviewed 1110 full texts; 45 were retained (low to high quality per AMSTAR 2), representing 950 primary studies, enrolling over 5 385 500 participants. Of 46 outcomes, we identified data for 35. Nineteen outcomes required >1 review (CCA range: 0% to 71.4%). Our outcome-centric overviews addressed unique aspects of overviews, including selection and quality assessment of included reviews, and overlap. Lessons learned included consistent application of methodological principles to minimize bias and optimize reporting transparency.

Novelty Overviews of reviews synthesize systematic reviews in a rigorous and transparent manner. Outcome-centric systematic reviews assess the quality of evidence for primary studies contributing to an outcome. This manuscript describes the development and application of extending the concept of outcome-centric systematic reviews to the design and conduct of outcome-centric overviews.
The effect of regional quadriceps anatomical parameters on angle-specific isometric torque expression
Authors: Oranchuk Dustin J. , Hopkins William G. , Nelson André R. , Storey Adam G. , Cronin John B.
Published: October 2020

The length–tension relationship affects knee extension performance; however, whether anatomical variations in different quadriceps regions affect this relationship is unknown. Regional (proximal, middle, distal) quadriceps thickness (MT), pennation angle, and fascicle length of 24 males (48 limbs) were assessed via ultrasonography. Participants also performed maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVIT) assessments at 40°, 70°, and 100° of knee flexion. Measures were recorded on 3 separate occasions. Linear regression models predicting angle-specific torque from regional anatomy provided adjusted simple and multiple correlations (√adjR2) with bootstrapped compatibility limits to assess magnitude. Middle vastus lateralis MT and MVIT at 100° (√adjR2 = 0.64) was the largest single correlation, with distal vastus lateralis MT having the greatest mean correlations regardless of angle (√adjR2 = 0.61 ± 0.05, mean ± SD). Lateral distal MT and architecture had larger (Δ√adjR2 = 0.01 to 0.43) single and multiple correlations with MVIT than the lateral proximal (√adjR2 = 0.15 to 0.69 vs −0.08 to 0.65). Conversely, middle anterior MT had greater (Δ√adjR2 = 0.08 to 0.38) single and multiple correlations than proximal MT (√adjR2 = 0.09 to 0.49 vs −0.21 to 0.14). The length–tension relationship was trivially affected by regional quadriceps architecture. The middle and distal quadriceps were the strongest predictors of MVIT at all joint angles. Therefore, researchers may wish to focus on middle and distal lateral quadriceps anatomy when performing ultrasonographic evaluations.

Novelty: The length–tension relationship is minimally affected by regional quadriceps anatomical parameters. Middle and distal vastus lateralis and lateral vastus intermedius anatomy were consistently the best predictors of torque. Practitioners may focus their assessments on the middle and distal regions of the lateral quadriceps’ musculature.
Knowledge translation of the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18–64 years and Adults aged 65 years or older: a collaborative movement guideline knowledge translation process
Authors: Tomasone Jennifer R. , Flood Stephanie M. , Latimer-Cheung Amy E. , Faulkner Guy , Duggan Mary , Jones Rebecca , Lane Kirstin N. , Bevington Frances , Carrier Julie , Dolf Matt , Doucette Kevin , Faught Emma , Gierc Madelaine , Giouridis Nicole , Gruber Reut , Johnston Nora , Kauffeldt Kaitlyn D. , Kennedy William , Lorbergs Amanda , Maclaren Kaleigh , Ross Robert , Tytler Kim , Walters Alexandra J. , Welsh Frank , Brouwers Melissa C.
Published: October 2020

Establishing a step-by-step process that provides practitioners with a blueprint for translating movement guidelines into action stands to optimize the investment in guideline development, improve guideline promotion and uptake, and ultimately enhance population health. The purpose of this paper is to describe how the Knowledge-to-Action framework and integrated knowledge translation were operationalized to systematically inform our knowledge translation (KT) efforts for the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18–64 years and Adults aged 65 years or older. In October 2018, the need for a KT Process, operating in tandem with the Guideline Development Process, led to the establishment of a KT team with a specific structure and terms of reference. The KT team collaboratively agreed on decision-making principles prior to selecting target audiences to focus their efforts. We undertook formative research to assess the local context and determinants of guideline dissemination and implementation efforts among target audiences. Plans for the subsequent steps and research are outlined. We highlight recommendations and lessons learned for applying the process in other settings.

Novelty We outline a collaborative and systematic process and research program for the knowledge translation of movement guidelines. This paper provides an innovative and replicable blueprint to optimize future movement guideline knowledge translation efforts.
Use of an unmanned aerial vehicle and sound localization to determine bird microhabitat
Authors: Wilson Scott J. , Hedley Richard W. , Rahman Mir Mustafizur , Bayne Erin M.
Published: October 2020

Study of bird microhabitat use is time consuming and labour intensive. Our objective was to present a proof of concept of how emerging, high-resolution bird survey methods can be combined with vegetation data collected via unmanned aerial vehicles to accurately and efficiently quantify bird microhabitat. We used sound localization to determine mourning warbler (Geothlypis philadelphia) song posts, and a hybrid light detection and ranging/digital aerial photogrammetry canopy height model to demonstrate how mourning warblers use regenerating vegetation on reclaimed well sites. We identified differences in vegetation heights at locations used by mourning warblers versus random background locations on a reclaimed well site, with sound localization and the canopy height model both providing measurements with 1-m resolution (t = −3.45, p = 0.002). These technologies have the potential to provide large numbers of accurate bird locations that can be associated with high-resolution, spatially explicit vegetation metrics and used in different ecological niche modeling frameworks.
Important Influence of Entrance Channel Reorientation Coupling on Proton Stripping
Authors: Keeley N. , Kemper K. W. , Rusek K.
Published: October 2020

While it is well established that the ground state reorientation coupling can have a significant influence on the elastic scattering of deformed nuclei, the effect of such couplings on transfer channels has been much less well investigated. In this letter we demonstrate that the $$^{208}\hbox {Pb}(^7\hbox {Li},^6\hbox {He})^{209}\hbox {Bi}$$

208

Pb

(
7

Li

,
6

He
)

209

Bi

proton stripping reaction at an incident energy of 52 MeV can be well described by the inclusion of the $$^7\hbox {Li}$$

7

Li

ground state reorientation coupling within the coupled channels Born approximation formalism. Full finite-range distorted wave Born approximation calculations were previously found to be unable to describe these data. Addition of coupling to the 0.478-MeV $$1/2^-$$

1
/

2
-

excited state of $$^7\hbox {Li}$$

7

Li

, together with the associated two-step transfer path, has little or no influence on the shape of the angular distributions (except that for stripping leading to the 1.61-MeV $$13/2^+$$

13
/

2
+

level of $$^{209}\hbox {Bi}$$

209

Bi

which is significantly improved) but does affect appreciably the values of the $$^{209}\mathrm {Bi} \rightarrow {^{208}\mathrm {Pb}} + p$$

209

Bi
→

208

Pb

+
p

spectroscopic factors. Implications for experiments with weakly-bound light radioactive beams are discussed.
Distribution amplitudes of heavy mesons and quarkonia on the light front
Authors: Serna Fernando E. , da Silveira Roberto Correa , Cobos-Martínez J. J. , El-Bennich Bruno , Rojas Eduardo
Published: October 2020

The ladder kernel of the Bethe–Salpeter equation is amended by introducing a different flavor dependence of the dressing functions in the heavy-quark sector. Compared with earlier work this allows for the simultaneous calculation of the mass spectrum and leptonic decay constants of light pseudoscalar mesons, the $$D_u$$

D
u

, $$D_s$$

D
s

, $$B_u$$

B
u

, $$B_s$$

B
s

and $$B_c$$

B
c

mesons and the heavy quarkonia $$\eta _c$$

η
c

and $$\eta _b$$

η
b

within the same framework at a physical pion mass. The corresponding Bethe–Salpeter amplitudes are projected onto the light front and we reconstruct the distribution amplitudes of the mesons in the full theory. A comparison with the first inverse moment of the heavy meson distribution amplitude in heavy quark effective theory is made.
SELF-SIMILARITY OF CLASSICAL MUSIC NETWORKS
Authors: ROLLA VITOR , RIERA PABLO , SOUZA PEDRO , ZUBELLI JORGE , VELHO LUIZ
Published: October 2020

We present an in-depth analysis of the fractal nature of 21 classical music pieces previously shown to have scale-free properties. The musical pieces are represented as networks where the nodes are musical notes and respective durations, and the edges are its chronological sequence. The node degree distribution of these networks is analyzed, looking for self-similarity. This analysis is done in the full network, in its fractal dimensions, and its skeletons. The assortativeness of the pieces is also studied as a fractal property. We show that two-thirds of these networks are scale-invariant, i.e. scale-free in some dimension or their skeleton. In particular, two pieces were given attention because of their exceptional tendency for fractality.
Energy Similitude Correction Method for Free Vibration of Cylinders
Authors: Zhou Lilin
Published: October 2020

Similitude theory has been applied to design scale models in many fields of engineering. As for free vibration of cylinders, the wall thickness is too thin to manufacture scale model, which leads to similitude distortion. The aim of this study is to correct the similitude distortion and establish the distorted similitude relationship for free vibration of cylinders. First, the complete and partial similitude relationships are deduced while the similitude distortion of wall thickness is discussed. Then, with analysis of similitude for energy, an equation with prediction of modal frequencies for prototype is established and the energy similitude correction method is proposed. Finally, through numerical examples, this method is verified and the influence of wall thickness variation on the accuracy of the proposed method is analyzed.
Multivariate Gabor frames for operators in matrix-valued signal spaces over locally compact abelian groups
Authors: Jindal Divya , Sinha Uttam Kumar , Verma Geetika
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we study multivariate Gabor frames in matrix-valued signal spaces over locally compact abelian (LCA) groups, where the lower frame condition depends on a bounded linear operator [Formula: see text] on the underlying matrix-valued signal space. This type of Gabor frame is also known as a multivariate [Formula: see text]-Gabor frame. By extending work of G[Formula: see text]vruta, we present necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of [Formula: see text]-Gabor frames of multivariate matrix-valued Gabor systems. Some operators which can transform multivariate matrix-valued Gabor and [Formula: see text]-Gabor frames into [Formula: see text]-Gabor frames in terms of adjointable operators are discussed. Finally, we give a Paley–Wiener-type perturbation result for multivariate matrix-valued [Formula: see text]-Gabor frames.
Preparation and Performance of Microencapsulated Phase Change Material with Paraffin Core and SiO2 Shell for High Latent Heat and Low Heat Loss by Sol–Gel Method
Authors: Yu Xiaokun , Luan Jingde , Chen Wei , Tao Jialu
Published: October 2020

Microencapsulated phase change materials (MicroPCM) were prepared via sol–gel method using paraffin as heat storage core and silica as inorganic shell. The morphology feature, chemical structure, thermal properties and thermal stability of MicroPCM were characterized by the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), simultaneous thermal analyzer (STA) and the thermal conductivity meter. The results indicated that MicroPCM were spherical in shape with the shell thickness in the range from 236[Formula: see text]nm to 303[Formula: see text]nm. The stirring speed and TEOS dosage were key factor on the latent heat and supercool effect of MicroPCM. The maximum latent heat of MicroPCM was 240.2[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] with the heat loss of only 0.2[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] in phase transformation when it was prepared at the stirring speed of 400[Formula: see text]r/min and TEOS dosage of 20[Formula: see text]ml. MicroPCM was a promising material for thermal energy storage (TES).
Nonlinear parabolic predator–prey coupled system with convection
Authors: Palencia José Luis Díaz , López Mariano Fernández
Published: October 2020

The aim of this work is to provide a formulation of two related nonlinear diffusive convective models in the form of coupled reaction-absorption equations. First, the postulated models are studied with an analytical approach. Later on, numerical evidences are considered to account for a precise characterization. The problem ([Formula: see text]) analyzed is of the form: [Formula: see text] Afterwards, a related problem [Formula: see text] is studied: [Formula: see text] The principal aspects for analysis are related to the existence and the derivation of particular solutions to reproduce the dynamic of the interacting species. For the problem [Formula: see text], we make use of the TW approach to study existence of solutions and precise evolution of profiles.

Note that the term predator is used to refer to an invasive behavior, while the term prey is used for the invaded species.
Prediction of thermal ablation in rocket nozzle using CFD and FEA
Authors: Babu Gudlavalleti Vamsi , Murthy V. Balakrishna
Published: October 2020

To protect the structural part of the rocket nozzle, an insulation liner is provided at its inner surface. Charring ablators are used for this purpose. The thickness of the insulation liner is one of the major design considerations of the nozzle. In the present analysis, an attempt has been made to predict thermal erosion (ablation) in the insulation liner through numerical studied CFD and FEA. The problem is modeled in ANSYS software. Fluid flow analysis is performed using the fluent module that works on the finite volume method, and the transient thermal module is used for the thermal analysis that works on the finite element method. Appropriate mesh convergence, residual convergence, and time step convergence exercises are made and the numerical results are verified with the analytical solution wherever possible. The possibility of reduction of thermal load due to the presence of char in ablator liner is considered and the thermal resistance in the region exposed to melting point temperature is altered to permit the propagation of thermal loads to the current pyrolysis front at any instant. The concept of this work is useful in the prediction of thermal ablation in rocket nozzles and in selecting the required thickness of the insulation layer.
Exploring Antecedents and Consequences of Toxicity in Online Discussions
Authors: Xia Yan , Zhu Haiyi , Lu Tun , Zhang Peng , Gu Ning
Published: October 2020

Toxicity in online discussions has been an intriguing phenomenon and an important problem. In this paper, we seek to better understand toxicity dynamics in online discussions via a case study on Reddit that explores the antecedents and consequences of toxicity in text. We inspected two dimensions of toxicity: language toxicity, i.e. how toxic the text itself is; and toxicity elicitation, i.e. how much toxicity it elicits in its response. Through regression analyses on Reddit comments, we found that both author propensity and toxicity in discussion context were strong positive antecedents of language toxicity; meanwhile, language toxicity significantly increased the volume and user evaluation of the discussion in some sub-communities, while toxicity elicitation showed mixed effects. We then discuss how our results help understand and regulate toxicity in online discussions by interpreting the complicated triggers and outcomes of toxicity.
Sochiatrist
Authors: Massachi Talie , Fong Grant , Mathur Varun , Pendse Sachin R. , Hoefer Gabriela , Fu Jessica J. , Wang Chong , Ramoji Nikita , Nugent Nicole R. , Ranney Megan L. , Dickstein Daniel P. , Armey Michael F. , Pavlick Ellie , Huang Jeff
Published: October 2020

Messaging is a common mode of communication, with conversations written informally between individuals. Interpreting emotional affect from messaging data can lead to a powerful form of reflection or act as a support for clinical therapy. Existing analysis techniques for social media commonly use LIWC and VADER for automated sentiment estimation. We correlate LIWC, VADER, and ratings from human reviewers with affect scores from 25 participants. We explore differences in how and when each technique is successful. Results show that human review does better than VADER, the best automated technique, when humans are judging positive affect ($r_s=0.45$ correlation when confident, $r_s=0.30$ overall). Surprisingly, human reviewers only do slightly better than VADER when judging negative affect ($r_s=0.38$ correlation when confident, $r_s=0.29$ overall). Compared to prior literature, VADER correlates more closely with PANAS scores for private messaging than public social media. Our results indicate that while any technique that serves as a proxy for PANAS scores has moderate correlation at best, there are some areas to improve the automated techniques by better considering context and timing in conversations.
Understanding the Role of Intermediaries in Online Social E-commerce
Authors: Chen Zhilong , Cao Hancheng , Xu Fengli , Cheng Mengjie , Wang Tao , Li Yong
Published: October 2020

Social e-commerce, as a new form of social computing based marketing platforms, utilizes existing real-world social relationships for promotions and sales of products. It has been growing rapidly in recent years and attracted tens of millions of users in China. A key group of actors who enable market transactions on these platforms are intermediaries who connect producers with consumers by sharing information with and recommending products to their real-world social contacts. Despite their crucial role, the nature and behavior of these intermediaries on these social e-commerce platforms has not been systematically analyzed. Here we address this knowledge gap through a mixed method study. Leveraging 9 months' all-round behavior of about 40 million users on Beidian -- one of the largest social e-commerce sites in China, alongside with qualitative evidence from online forums and interviews, we examine characteristics of intermediaries, identify their behavioral patterns and uncover strategies and mechanisms that make successful intermediaries. We demonstrate that intermediaries on social e-commerce sites act as local trend detectors and "social grocers''. Furthermore, successful intermediaries are highly dedicated whenever best sellers appear and broaden items for promotion. To the best of our knowledge, this paper presents the first large-scale analysis on the emerging role of intermediaries in social e-commerce platforms, which provides potential insights for the design and management of social computing marketing platforms.
Advisory Service Support that Works
Authors: Dolata Mateusz , Agotai Doris , Schubiger Simon , Schwabe Gerhard
Published: October 2020

Modern information technology promises to improve service encounters through automated documentation or better decision traceability. At the same time, research suggests a negative impact of technology on human-to-human advisory services: including the possibility that computers might degrade the quality of interpersonal communication and reinforce unpleasant behaviors. Consequently, despite obvious improvements, information technology might have a negative impact on how the participants perceive the service. This might imply serious consequences for the service provider: dissatisfied clients, ineffective information exchange, and/or lack of transparency. This scenario slows down the diffusion of computers into advisory services in banks and insurance companies, and so designing systems for use in interpersonal services remains a challenge. This article provides evidence that LivePaper, a system designed alongside the material practices of a financial advisory encounter, helps to improve important service quality dimensions, making the services not only more pleasant for the participants, but also improving key marketing and business metrics of the service. In experimental advisory services, the sessions supported with LivePaper outperformed conventional services with regard to overall bank service quality and satisfaction, salesperson listening and interaction rating scores, as well as information transparency. This shows that a carefully designed system not only preserves the perceived quality of a service, but might improve it objectively, and has implications for the marketing and business value of the service.
Middle-Aged Video Consumers' Beliefs About Algorithmic Recommendations on YouTube
Authors: Alvarado Oscar , Heuer Hendrik , Vanden Abeele Vero , Breiter Andreas , Verbert Katrien
Published: October 2020

User beliefs about algorithmic systems are constantly co-produced through user interaction and the complex socio-technical systems that generate recommendations. Identifying these beliefs is crucial because they influence how users interact with recommendation algorithms. With no prior work on user beliefs of algorithmic video recommendations, practitioners lack relevant knowledge to improve the user experience of such systems. To address this problem, we conducted semi-structured interviews with middle-aged YouTube video consumers to analyze their user beliefs about the video recommendation system. Our analysis revealed different factors that users believe influence their recommendations. Based on these factors, we identified four groups of user beliefs: Previous Actions, Social Media, Recommender System, and Company Policy. Additionally, we propose a framework to distinguish the four main actors that users believe influence their video recommendations: the current user, other users, the algorithm, and the organization. This framework provides a new lens to explore design suggestions based on the agency of these four actors. It also exposes a novel aspect previously unexplored: the effect of corporate decisions on the interaction with algorithmic recommendations. While we found that users are aware of the existence of the recommendation system on YouTube, we show that their understanding of this system is limited.
Trans Time
Authors: Haimson Oliver L. , Buss Justin , Weinger Zu , Starks Denny L. , Gorrell Dykee , Baron Briar Sweetbriar
Published: October 2020

Trans people often use social media to connect with others, find and share resources, and post transition-related content. However, because most social media platforms are not built with trans people in mind and because online networks include people who may not accept one's trans identity, sharing trans content can be difficult. We studied Trans Time, a social media site developed particularly for trans people to document transition and build community. We interviewed early Trans Time users (n = 6) and conducted focus groups with potential users (n = 21) to understand how a trans-specific site uniquely supports its users. We found that Trans Time has the potential to be a safe space, encourages privacy, and effectively enables its users to selectively view content using content warnings. Together, safety, privacy, and content warnings create an online space where trans people can simultaneously build community, find support, and express both the mundanity and excitement of trans life. Yet in each of these areas, we also learned ways that the site can improve. We provide implications for how social media sites may better support trans users, as well as insular communities of people from other marginalized groups.
Combating Misinformation in Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Md Mahfuzul , Yousuf Mohammad , Alam Ahmed Shatil , Saha Pratyasha , Ahmed Syed Ishtiaque , Hassan Naeemul
Published: October 2020

There has been a growing interest within CSCW community in understanding the characteristics of misinformation propagated through computational media, and the devising techniques to address the associated challenges. However, most work in this area has been concentrated on the cases in the western world leaving a major portion of this problem unaddressed that is situated in the Global South. This paper aims to broaden the scope of this discourse by focusing on this problem in the context of Bangladesh, a country in the Global South. The spread of misinformation on Facebook in Bangladesh, a country with a population of over 163 million, has resulted in chaos, hate attacks, and killings. By interviewing journalists, fact-checkers, in addition to surveying the general public, we analyzed the current state of verifying misinformation in Bangladesh. Our findings show that most people in the 'news audience' want the news media to verify the authenticity of online information that they see online. However, the newspaper journalists say that fact-checking online information is not a part of their job, and it is also beyond their capacity given the amount of information being published online every day. We further find that the voluntary fact-checkers in Bangladesh are not equipped with sufficient infrastructural support to fill in this gap. We show how our findings are connected to some of the core concerns of CSCW community around social media, collaboration, infrastructural politics, and information inequality. From our analysis, we also suggest several pathways to increase the impact of fact-checking efforts through collaboration, technology design, and infrastructure development.
Food Aid Technology
Authors: Talhouk Reem , Coles-Kemp Lizzie , Jensen Rikke Bjerg , Balaam Madeline , Garbett Andrew , Ghattas Hala , Araujo-Soares Vera , Ahmad Balsam , Montague Kyle
Published: October 2020

Over half of Syrian refugee households in Lebanon are food insecure with some reliant on an electronic voucher (e-voucher) system for food aid. The interplay between the digitisation of food aid, within the socio-technical context of refugees, and community collaborative practices is yet to be investigated. Through design engagements and interviews with refugees and shop owners we explore the experiences of a Syrian refugee community in Lebanon using the e-voucher system. We provide insights into the socio-technical environment in which the e-voucher system is dispensing aid, the information and power asymmetries experienced, refugee collaborative coping practices and how they interplay with the e-voucher system. We highlight the need for: (1) expanding refugee digital capabilities to encompass understandings of aid technologies and identifying trusted intermediaries and (2) for technologies to support in upholding humanitarian principles and mitigating power and information asymmetries. Lastly, we call for CSCW researchers and humanitarian innovators to consider how humanitarian technologies can enable refugee collaborative practices and adopt everyday security as a lens for designing aid technologies. The paper contributes to CSCW knowledge regarding the interplay between aid technologies and refugees? socio-technical contexts and practices that provides a basis for future technological designs for collaborative technologies for refugee food security.