bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microvascular remodeling and altered angiogenic signaling in human kidneys distal to occlusive atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis
Authors: Klomjit Nattawat , Zhu Xiang-Yang , Eirin Alfonso , Pawar Aditya S , Conley Sabena M , Puranik Amrutesh S , Ferguson Christopher M , Kim Seo Rin , Tang Hui , Jordan Kyra L , Saadiq Ishran M , Lerman Amir , Grande Joseph P , Textor Stephen C , Lerman Lilach O
Published: April 2022

Background

Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is an important cause of chronic kidney disease and secondary hypertension. In animal models, renal ischemia leads to downregulation of growth factor expression and loss of intrarenal microcirculation. However, little is known about the sequelae of large-vessel occlusive disease on the microcirculation within human kidneys.

Method

This study included five patients who underwent nephrectomy due to renovascular occlusion and seven nonstenotic discarded donor kidneys (four deceased donors). Micro-computed tomography was performed to assess microvascular spatial densities and tortuosity, an index of microvascular immaturity. Renal protein expression, gene expression and histology were studied in vitro using immunoblotting, polymerase chain reaction and staining.

Results

RAS demonstrated a loss of medium-sized vessels (0.2–0.3 mm) compared with donor kidneys (P = 0.037) and increased microvascular tortuosity. RAS kidneys had greater protein expression of angiopoietin-1, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and thrombospondin-1 but lower protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) than donor kidneys. Renal fibrosis, loss of peritubular capillaries (PTCs) and pericyte detachment were greater in RAS, yet they had more newly formed PTCs than donor kidneys. Therefore, our study quantified significant microvascular remodeling in the poststenotic human kidney. RAS induced renal microvascular loss, vascular remodeling and fibrosis. Despite downregulated VEGF, stenotic kidneys upregulated compensatory angiogenic pathways related to angiopoietin-1.

Conclusions

These observations underscore the nature of human RAS as a microvascular disease distal to main vessel stenosis and support therapeutic strategies directly targeting the poststenotic kidney microcirculation in patients with RAS.
Religion and Risk of Suicide: A Cross-National Study of Cultural Differences
Authors: Iidaka Tetsuya
Published: April 2022

Preventing death from suicide remains a major issue in global mental health even though the suicide rate worldwide has been gradually decreasing over the last 15 years. The trend is decreasing, but the change is small; therefore, more effective sex- and culture-specific treatments for suicide prevention are needed. This chapter focuses on religion, which is a major factor in culture and belief and plays an important role in people’s lives and deaths, and reports the relationship between suicide and self-declared religion worldwide. The chapter discusses an analysis that used a cross-national approach in which suicide rates and religious composition were correlated across countries based on a large census dataset from 2015. There was a strong preventive effect of religion on suicide; however, the effect was weaker in religions originating from Eastern cultures than Western and Middle Eastern cultures. A weak preventive effect on suicide was observed mainly in women living in Eastern cultures. The chapter also briefly describes the rise and fall of the suicide rate in Japan, which paralleled the downturn and upturn of the economic condition of the nation. Some psychological characteristics of Japanese workers based on its culture are discussed.
Single-parent expression complementation contributes to phenotypic heterosis in maize hybrids
Authors: Baldauf Jutta A , Liu Meiling , Vedder Lucia , Yu Peng , Piepho Hans-Peter , Schoof Heiko , Nettleton Dan , Hochholdinger Frank
Published: April 2022

The dominance model of heterosis explains the superior performance of F1-hybrids via the complementation of deleterious alleles by beneficial alleles in many genes. Genes active in one parent but inactive in the second lead to single-parent expression (SPE) complementation in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. In this study, SPE complementation resulted in approximately 700 additionally active genes in different tissues of genetically diverse maize hybrids on average. We established that the number of SPE genes is significantly associated with mid-parent heterosis (MPH) for all surveyed phenotypic traits. In addition, we highlighted that maternally (SPE_B) and paternally (SPE_X) active SPE genes enriched in gene co-expression modules are highly correlated within each SPE type but separated between these two SPE types. While SPE_B-enriched co-expression modules are positively correlated with phenotypic traits, SPE_X-enriched modules displayed a negative correlation. Gene ontology term enrichment analyses indicated that SPE_B patterns are associated with growth and development, whereas SPE_X patterns are enriched in defense and stress response. In summary, these results link the degree of phenotypic MPH to the prevalence of gene expression complementation observed by SPE, supporting the notion that hybrids benefit from SPE complementation via its role in coordinating maize development in fluctuating environments.
Virtual reality in Metaverse for future mental health-helping profession: an alternative solution to the mental health challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ifdil Ifdil , Situmorang Dominikus David Biondi , Firman Firman , Zola Nilma , Rangka Itsar Bolo , Fadli Rima Pratiwi
Published: April 2022

Currently, Metaverse has become a hot topic of conversation everywhere. Therefore, this can also be an accurate solution to the mental health challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hopefully in the future, mental health workers can make the best use of it.
Chemtrails in the skies of Indonesia: are they conspiracies to cause prolonged COVID-19?
Authors: Situmorang Dominikus David Biondi , Ifdil Ifdil , Salim Rose Mini Agoes
Published: April 2022

In Indonesia, there is currently a hot discussion regarding chemtrails appearing in the skies in several cities. Many people attribute this to conspiracy theories, according to which these chemtrails cause the omicron-type of coronavirus disease 2019 (B.1.1.529). Through this paper, we hope that Indonesian citizens be able to think more positively and maintain their mental and physical health.
The impact of psoriasis on the clinical characteristics, disease burden and treatment patterns of peripheral spondyloarthritis
Authors: Izci Duran Tugba , Torgutalp Murat , Rios Rodriguez Valeria , Proft Fabian , López-Medina Clementina , Dougados Maxime , Poddubnyy Denis
Published: April 2022

Objectives

To evaluate the clinical characteristics, disease burden, and treatment patterns of peripheral spondyloarthritis (pSpA) patients with and without psoriasis using data from the ASAS-perSpA study.

Methods

We included 433 patients who had a diagnosis of pSpA according to the rheumatologist’s diagnosis from the ASAS-PerSpA study. The presence of a personal history of psoriasis was defined as the presence of signs of psoriasis at physical examination or the presence of psoriatic nail dystrophy, including onycholysis, pitting and hyperkeratosis, or a history of psoriasis diagnosed by a physician. Clinical characteristics, patient-reported outcomes and treatment pattern were compared between subgroups with and without psoriasis.

Results

A total of 83 patients (19.2%) had a personal history of psoriasis. Patients with psoriasis were older (48.4 vs 43.2 years) and had a longer diagnostic delay (7.4 vs 3.5 years), a higher frequency of dactylitis (36.1 vs 20.0%) and enthesitis (65.1 vs 55.4%) than patients without psoriasis. A longer diagnostic delay (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06 [95% CI 1.01, 1.11]), lower odds for HLA-B27 positivity (OR = 0.31 [95% CI 0.15, 0.65]) and higher odds for enthesitis (OR = 2.39 [95% CI 1.16, 4.93]) were associated with the presence of psoriasis in a multivariable regression analysis. While patient-reported outcomes were comparable between groups, a higher use of biologic DMARDs was observed in patients with vs without psoriasis.

Conclusion

The presence of psoriasis has an impact on clinical characteristics of pSpA. pSpA patients without psoriasis were less frequently treated with biologic DMARDs despite similar disease burden as compared with patients with psoriasis.
Robots and protest: does increased protest among Chinese workers result in more automation?
Authors: Liu Larry , Zhang Han
Published: April 2022

The rising level of automation has increasingly attracted scholars' attention. On the other hand, there are many studies of the consequences of social movements, but relatively fewer studies focus on their economic consequences, and even fewer studies have examined their consequences on automation. This article bridges the gap between the two literatures by hypothesizing that a rising number of labor protests will lead to a higher level of automation. We argue that political economy factors influence the adoption of more automation. Protests anticipate higher wages and labor costs; contest for social power with employers and the state, and, in extreme cases, pose a public relations challenge to employers, which will likely push employers to replace human workers with robots. We empirically test the relationship by using two protest event datasets in China, the China Labor Bulletin and Collective Action from Social Media and robot data from the International Federation of Robotics. Statistical analysis shows that provinces and industries that have more protests also tend to concentrate more robots, and the results are robust to most specifications and placebo tests. The findings have implications for both understanding the mechanism explaining rising automation and the consequences of social protests.
Perioperative Anxiety Associated With Mohs Micrographic Surgery: A Survey-Based Study
Authors: Long Jun , Rajabi-Estarabadi Ali , Levin Adam , Nami Navid , Nouri Keyvan
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS)-associated anxiety is an important issue that remains poorly discussed. Identifying risk factors for MMS-associated anxiety will better equip physicians to manage patients' preoperative anxiety and result in improved patient satisfaction and outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims in identification of risk factors that may play a role in MMS-associated anxiety among patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer.

METHODS

A cross-sectional case series was conducted among MMS patients collect information on patient demographics and surgical locations and to measure perioperative anxiety and quality of life (QoL). In addition, adjusted linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify potential risk factors that predict MMS-associated anxiety.

RESULTS

Significant increases in perioperative anxiety were associated with the eyelid area compared with the noneyelid facial area and nonfacial area (p ≤ .05). Patients with graduate degrees exhibited less anxiety compared with ones who received less education (p ≤ .05). Higher perioperative anxiety was associated with a greater impact on QoL (p ≤ .05).

CONCLUSION

This study identified that surgical location and the patient's educational level are 2 critical predicting factors for perioperative anxiety. Furthermore, perioperative anxiety could negatively affect a patient's quality of life and warrants further investigation into effective management.
Prenatal Antidepressant Exposure and the Risk of Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Childhood: A Cohort Study With Triangulation
Authors: Esen Buket Öztürk , Ehrenstein Vera , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Laugesen Kristina , Pedersen Lars
Published: April 2022

Background:

Uncontrolled confounding from maternal depression and genetic and environmental factors is expected in studies investigating the effect of prenatal antidepressant exposure on the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood and may explain inconsistencies in the existing evidence. We aimed to assess this effect using triangulation.

Methods:

Using population-based health registries, we conducted a nationwide cohort study of all children born in Denmark between 1997 and 2017 and followed through 2018 for ADHD. We assessed the effect of prenatal antidepressant exposure on the risk of ADHD in childhood by comparing children with and without prenatal antidepressant exposure in terms of adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs), adjusted incidence rate differences (IRDs), and adjusted risk differences (RDs) and the associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We triangulated results from four different analytic approaches: an overall analysis, a negative control analysis, a sibling analysis, and a former-user analysis.

Results:

The overall study cohort consisted of 1,253,362 children, among whom 28,910 (2.3%) had prenatal antidepressant exposure. ADHD during follow-up was diagnosed among 1,411 (4.9%) of the exposed and in 37,196 (3.0%) of the unexposed children. Triangulation suggested an IRR of 1.09–1.15; an IRD less than 1 case/1,000 person-years, and an RD of 0.9%–2.2% over an up to 18-year period.

Conclusions:

Based on triangulation, we estimated a modest effect of prenatal antidepressant exposure on the risk of ADHD in childhood. However, considering the limitations of our approaches, this observed association may be partially due to residual biases. See video abstract at, http://links.lww.com/EDE/B935.
Exploring Moral Categorizations and Symbolic Boundaries Around People Living With HIV in a Correctional Setting
Authors: Wadams Morgan Lee
Published: April 2022

For people living with HIV, correctional facilities, such as jails, prisons, and remand centers in Canada are complex environments at the intersection of health, justice, social, and criminal systems. Turning toward experiences, I explore my stories and observations of working with people living with HIV as a registered nurse in a large correctional facility in Western Canada. Based upon a narrative understanding of experience, I inquire into these stories and observations through the application of Mary Douglas’ theoretical work on purity versus impurity and Michèle Lamont’s symbolic boundary work. I engage in a reflective dialogue with the newfound meanings and understandings produced and discuss significant personal, practice-based, social, and policy-based insights within the context of my nurse researcher-practitioner role. This dialogue draws attention and raises questions about social practices, HIV-related stigma, correctional nursing, and the particularities of life evident within correctional facilities. Clinical implications for correctional nurses are discussed.
Detection of Hyponatremia Development in Hemodialysis Patients by Routine Automated Conductivity-Based Monitoring
Authors: Maierhofer Andreas , Harlos Joachim , Canaud Bernard
Published: April 2022

Predialytic hyponatremia is associated with poor outcome in hemodialysis patients. Hypotonic hyponatremia is the most frequently encountered disorder reflecting mixed disorders combining extracellular fluid overload and free water excess, resulting from the interplay of intermittency of dialysis and diet observance, and likely precipitated by an acute or subacute illness. In this context, hyponatremia requires to be detected and worked up to identify and cure the cause. In this clinical case report, we describe preliminary results of using an online biosensor on a dialysis machine that provides automated predialysis plasma sodium concentration derived from dialysate conductivity measurements. Based on this biosensor, within a 5 year time frame, 11 patients out of more than 130 maintenance hemodialysis patients and over 40,000 dialysis sessions were identified with episodes of predialysis hyponatremia (≤135 mmol/l). In all patients, hyponatremic episodes were indicative of a severe underlying illness associated with fluid overload leading to plasma hypotonicity. Automated online predialysis plasma sodium concentration measurement offers an innovative, reliable, and cost-free tool that permits to detect hyponatremia as marker of an underlying illness development in dialysis patients. The value of this tool in supporting clinical decision-making deserves further studies in a large dialysis population.
Aerobic exercise training improves nocturnal blood pressure dipping in medicated hypertensive individuals
Authors: Ramirez-Jimenez Miguel , Morales-Palomo Felix , Moreno-Cabañas Alfonso , Alvarez-Jimenez Laura , Ortega Juan F. , Mora-Rodriguez Ricardo
Published: April 2022

Objective

The absence of nocturnal blood pressure (BP) reduction at night in hypertensive individuals is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of an aerobic training intervention on nocturnal BP dipping in medicated hypertensive individuals.

Methods

At baseline, hypertensive individuals under pharmacological treatment underwent 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring and a morning urine sample to analyze albumin creatinine ratio (UACR). Then, participants were divided into nocturnal dippers (N = 15; 59 ± 6 years) and nondippers (N = 20; 58 ± 5 years) according to a day-to-night BP reduction of >10% or <10%, respectively. Next, participants underwent a 3-weekly, 4-month aerobic interval training intervention.

Results

Follow-up measurements revealed a reduction in daytime diastolic BP in dippers and nondippers (P
time < 0.001), whereas nighttime systolic BP was reduced only in nondippers (P = 0.004). Regarding dipping pattern, nocturnal systolic BP dipping increased after training in nondippers (5 ± 3 to 9 ± 7%; P = 0.018), whereas in dippers, there was a decrease in nocturnal dipping after training (14 ± 4 to 10 ± 7%, P = 0.016). Nocturnal diastolic BP dipping did not change in nondippers (8 ± 5 to 10 ± 7%; P = 0.273) but decreased in dippers (17 ± 6 to 12 ± 8%; P = 0.004). In addition, UACR was significantly reduced in both groups after training (P
time = 0.020).

Conclusion

Aerobic exercise training is associated with nocturnal BP dipping as nighttime BP was lower than before the program in medicated hypertensive individuals with an initial nondipping phenotype. The lack of improvement in individuals with a dipping phenotype warrants further investigation to discern whether dipping phenotypes influence BP responses to exercise training.
Biodistribution of 89Zr-oxine-labeled human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by micro-PET/computed tomography imaging in Sprague–Dawley rats
Authors: Wang Shuzhe , Wang Yan , Qin Tian , Lv Yupeng , Yan Heng , Shao Yifei , Fang Yangyang , Zheng Shaoqiu , Xu Bohua , Qiu Yunliang
Published: April 2022

Purpose

To develop a method for labeling human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with 89Zr-oxine to characterize the biodistribution characteristics of hMSCs in normal Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats in real-time by micro-PET–computed tomography (micro-PET/CT) imaging.

Methods

89Zr-oxine complex was synthesized from 89Zr-oxalate and 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine). After hMSCs were labeled with the 89Zr-oxine complex, the radioactivity retention, viability, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, morphology, and phenotype of labeled cells were assessed. The biodistribution of 89Zr-oxine-labeled hMSCs in SD rats was tracked in real-time by micro-PET/CT imaging.

Results

The cell labeling efficiency was 52.6 ± 0.01%, and stably retained in cells (66.7 ± 0.9% retention on 7 days after labeling). Compared with the unlabeled hMSCs, 89Zr-oxine labeling did not affect the biological characteristics of cells. Following intravenous administration in SD rats, labeled hMSCs mainly accumulated in the liver (7.35 ± 1.41% ID/g 10 days after labeling, n = 6) and spleen (8.48 ± 1.20% ID/g 10 days after labeling, n = 6), whereas intravenously injected 89Zr-oxalate mainly accumulated in the bone (4.47 ± 0.35% ID/g 10 days after labeling, n = 3).

Conclusion

89Zr-oxine labeling and micro-PET/CT imaging provide a useful and non-invasive method of assessing the biodistribution of cell therapy products in SD rats. The platform provides a foundation for us to further understand the mechanism of action and migration dynamics of cell therapy products.
Factors Affecting the Health-Related Quality of Life of Cancer Survivors According to Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Lee HyunHae , Kim Ji-Su
Published: April 2022

Background

Cancer survivors face an increased risk of non–cancer-related deaths, particularly associated with metabolic syndrome. With increased cancer survivors having metabolic syndrome, health-related quality of life beyond cancer diagnosis and treatment has assumed greater importance.

Objective

This study evaluated the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome in cancer survivors. It examined the correlation between health-related quality of life and influencing factors according to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional national study using secondary data from the 2010-2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. We analyzed a final sample of 1293 cancer survivors using multiple regression.

Results

The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome in cancer survivors was measured at 32.1%. Cancer survivors with metabolic syndrome had a lower health-related quality of life than those without it. The difference was statistically significant. Compared with cancer survivors without metabolic syndrome, those with it experienced substantial negative effects from stress, reducing health-related quality of life. Walking and muscle-building workouts had a positive effect on stress and improved quality of life.

Conclusions

Cancer survivors’ metabolic syndrome should be monitored closely. Development of a customized intervention program including stress management and physical activities improves their health-related quality of life.

Implications for Practice

Stress management and physical activities increase health-related quality of life among cancer survivors with metabolic syndrome; thus, healthcare providers should implement intervention programs that promote exercise engagement and stress management for this population.
Myocardial Tissue Oxygenation and Microvascular Blood Volume Measurement Using a Contrast Blood Oxygenation Level–Dependent Imaging Model
Authors: Dendy Jeffrey M. , Hughes Sean G. , Soslow Jonathan H. , Clark Daniel E. , Paschal Cynthia B. , Gore John C.
Published: April 2022

Objectives

We propose a method of quantitatively measuring drug-induced microvascular volume changes, as well as drug-induced changes in blood oxygenation using calibrated blood oxygen level–dependent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We postulate that for MRI signals there is a contribution to R2* relaxation rates from static susceptibility effects of the intravascular blood that scales with the blood volume/magnetic field and depends on the oxygenation state of the blood. These may be compared with the effects of an intravascular contrast agent. With 4 R2* measurements, microvascular blood volume (MBV) and tissue oxygenation changes can be quantified with the administration of a vasoactive drug.

Materials and Methods

The protocol examined 12 healthy rats in a prospective observational study. R2* maps were acquired with and without infusion of adenosine, which increases microvascular blood flow, or dobutamine, which increases myocardial oxygen consumption. In addition, R2* maps were acquired after the intravenous administration of a monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticle, with and without adenosine or dobutamine.

Results

Total microvascular volume was shown to increase by 10.8% with adenosine and by 25.6% with dobutamine (P < 0.05). When comparing endocardium versus epicardium, both adenosine and dobutamine demonstrated significant differences between endocardial and epicardial MBV changes (P < 0.05). Total myocardial oxygenation saturation increased by 6.59% with adenosine and by 1.64% with dobutamine (P = 0.27). The difference between epicardial and endocardial oxygenation changes were significant with each drug (adenosine P < 0.05, dobutamine P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate the ability to quantify microvascular volume and oxygenation changes using calibrated blood oxygen level–dependent MRI, and we demonstrate different responses of adenosine and dobutamine. This method has clinical potential in examining microvascular disease in various disease states without the administration of radiopharmaceuticals or gadolinium-based contrast agents.
Evaluation of Virtual Grid Processed Clinical Chest Radiographs
Authors: Gossye Tim , Buytaert Dimitri , Smeets Peter V. , Morbée Lieve , De Wilde Charlotte , Vermeiren Karen , Achten Eric , Bacher Klaus
Published: April 2022

Objectives

We evaluated the different Virtual Grid software ratios (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) on gridless clinical chest radiographs with visual grading analysis (VGA). In addition, we investigated the 2 image quality assessment algorithms (IQAAs).

Materials and Methods

Gridless chest radiographs of 50 different intensive care unit patients were collected and afterward processed with Virtual Grid software. Different software (SW) grid ratios—6:1, 10:1, 13:1, 17:1, and 20:1—were applied to investigate the image quality (IQ) improvement. Image quality improvement was assessed by 4 radiologists in a relative VGA study where the reference image was processed with SW grid ratio of 10:1. One of the IQAAs used to analyze the radiographs was implemented in our department but was originally developed by the research group of the Duke University Medical Center. A general IQ score (IQS) was calculated based on contrast, detail, and noise. Another IQAA—NIQE (naturalness image quality evaluator)—available in Matlab (MATLAB Research R2019b; the MathWorks, Inc) was evaluated. Both methods were compared with VGA.

Results

Visual grading analysis scores of gridless radiographs are significantly lower (P < 0.001). Image quality increases with increasing SW grid ratios, up to grid ratio of 17:1. However, some anatomical structures—spine and ribs—are negatively affected by the higher grid ratios. A correlation coefficient of 0.99 between the VGA and the IQS was observed. The correlation coefficient between VGA and NIQE was 1.00.

Conclusions

Virtual Grid with SW grid ratio of 6:1 improves the IQ of gridless chest bedside radiographs. The grid ratios 17:1 and 20:1 should be considered carefully as the SW negatively affects parts of the ribs and spine. Therefore, grid ratios up to 13:1 can be advised. The IQAAs are promising and could be used to detect differences in IQ when different scatter correction SW settings are used.
Solitary Chest Wall Tuberculosis Mimicking a Malignancy Demonstrated on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Xiao Liu , Li Yuhao , Li Lin
Published: April 2022

Solitary chest wall tuberculosis is rare. Herein, we reported a case of image findings of chest wall tuberculosis in a 44-year-old woman. On FDG PET/CT, it presented as a solitary soft tissue mass with invasion of adjacent rib, diaphragm, and avid FDG uptake with an SUVmax of 10.19, mimicking a malignancy. The postoperative pathology supported a diagnosis of tuberculosis infection.
International Virtual Simulation Education in Critical Care During COVID-19 Pandemic: Preliminary Description of the Virtual Checklist for Early Recognition and Treatment of Acute Illness and iNjury Program
Authors: Flurin Laure , Tekin Aysun , Bogojevic Marija , Zec Simon , Sun Yuqiang , Li Heyi , Finch Alexander , Ahmad Sumera , Kashyap Rahul , Gajic Ognjen , Niven Alexander S. , Dong Yue
Published: April 2022

Summary Statement

The Checklist for Early Recognition and Treatment of Acute Illness and iNjury program is a well-established, interactive, and simulation-based program designed to improve the quality of care delivered in intensive care units. The COVID-19 pandemic created an overwhelming surge of critically ill patients worldwide, and infection control concerns limited healthcare providers' access to in-person and hands-on simulation training when they needed it the most. Virtual simulation offers an alternative to in-person training but is often complex and expensive. We describe our successful development and initial implementation of an inexpensive, simulation-based virtual Checklist for Early Recognition and Treatment of Acute Illness and iNjury program to address the pressing need for effective critical care training in various resource-limited settings both within and outside of the United States. The overall satisfaction rate (“excellent” or “very good” responses) was 94.4% after the virtual simulation workshop. Our initial experience suggests that virtual interactions can be engaging and build strong relationships, like in-person continuing professional education, even using relatively simple technology. This knowledge-to-practice improvement platform can be readily adapted to other disciplines beyond critical care medicine.
Interdisciplinary Protocol for the Management of Vision-Threatening Papilledema
Authors: Brady Taylor , Vegunta Sravanthi , Crum Alison V. , Marx Douglas , Patel Bhupendra C. K. , Seay Meagan D. , Schmidt Richard H. , Warner Judith E. A. , Digre Kathleen B. , Katz Bradley J.
Published: April 2022

Background:

This study evaluates the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary protocol for management of patients with papilledema and vision loss secondary to increased intracranial pressure.

Methods:

Retrospective record review of all adult patients who presented with vision-threatening papilledema (VTPE) and were treated under this protocol. Patients are admitted for lumbar drain placement and diuretics and followed daily to determine if they may be managed medically or require surgery (optic nerve sheath fenestration [ONSF] and/or cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] shunting).

Results:

Nineteen patients were included. Twelve had body mass index in the obese range and 6 were morbidly obese. Fourteen had idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Five had secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome related to medication use, dural venous sinus thrombosis, hypothyroidism, end-stage renal disease, pulmonary disease, and diastolic heart failure. Three patients did not require surgery and were discharged on oral diuretics; 3 patients underwent unilateral ONSF, 9 underwent bilateral ONSF, and 4 underwent bilateral ONSF followed by ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. The average follow-up was 10.1 months. The visual acuity improved bilaterally in 12 patients and unilaterally in 4 patients. The remaining 3 patients had worsened vision in both eyes. Fifteen patients had bilateral improvement in their visual fields. Five eyes in 3 patients showed further constriction of the visual field at follow-up.

Conclusions:

We demonstrate how a multidisciplinary complex care protocol for treating VTPE can expedite and streamline treatment and restore vision. We found that most patients had improved symptoms and signs, including visual acuity, visual fields, and papilledema. We encourage institutions that manage VTPE to adopt similar institutional protocols.
Activities of endogenous APOBEC3s and uracil-DNA-glycosylase affect the hypermutation frequency of hepatitis B virus cccDNA
Authors: Kitamura Kouichi , Fukano Kento , Que Lusheng , Li Yingfang , Wakae Kousho , Muramatsu Masamichi
Published: April 2022

The covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) plays a key role in the persistence of viral infection. We have previously shown that overexpression of an antiviral factor APOBEC3G (A3G) induces hypermutation in duck HBV (DHBV) cccDNA, whereas uracil-DNA-glycosylase (UNG) reduces these mutations. In this study, using cell-culture systems, we examined whether endogenous A3s and UNG affect HBV cccDNA mutation frequency. IFNγ stimulation induced a significant increase in endogenous A3G expression and cccDNA hypermutation. UNG inhibition enhanced the IFNγ-mediated hypermutation frequency. Transfection of reconstructed cccDNA revealed that this enhanced hypermutation caused a reduction in viral replication. These results suggest that the balance of endogenous A3s and UNG activities affects HBV cccDNA mutation and replication competency.
Examining the experiences of Indigenous families seeking health information for their sick or injured child: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Knisley Lisa , Linton Janice , Driedger S. Michelle , Hartling Lisa , Scott Shannon D.
Published: April 2022

Introduction

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission drew attention to the inequalities and systemic harms experienced by Indigenous peoples in Canada and called on the Canadian government and healthcare professionals to close the gap related to Indigenous communities’ access to appropriate healthcare services. The Manitoba Métis Federation (self-governing organization representing Red River Métis) identified a need for Red River Métis families to have meaningful resources when seeking emergency care for their children. A better understanding of Métis families’ experiences in seeking child health information is needed to develop culturally relevant pediatric resources. To date, the literature on Indigenous families’ experiences seeking child health information has not been synthesized. A scoping review will map the literature on Indigenous families’ experiences seeking health information to care for a sick or injured child; and identify the barriers and facilitators to accessing this information.

Methods and analysis

Joanna Briggs Institute methodology was used to develop the research question, What is the extent and nature of the literature available on the experiences of Indigenous families seeking health information for their sick or injured child? The search strategy, developed with a research librarian with extensive experience in Indigenous Peoples’ health, includes searching MEDLINE, EMBASE PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus databases; grey literature, by searching the internet and consulting reference lists of key publications; examining key Indigenous research journal articles not indexed in the major biomedical databases; and snowball sampling. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts against the inclusion criteria, then screen the full texts of selected citations. Data will be extracted, collated and charted to summarize the types of studies, healthcare contexts, health information accessed, how health information was accessed, barriers and facilitators to accessing information and related measures.

Ethics and Dissemination

A consultation exercise with a community advisory committee will review results and inform future research. Results will be integrated with findings from other project stages to inform the adaptation of a child health resource for Red River Métis families.
Co-production of post-diagnostic psychosocial intervention with carers of people with intellectual disability and dementia
Authors: Acton Daniel , Duncan Caroline , Jaydeokar Sujeet
Published: April 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to underline the importance of using a collaborative approach when designing and adapting a post diagnostic psychosocial intervention of cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) for people with intellectual disability and dementia.

Design/methodology/approach

As part of a service improvement, a manual of CST was adapted, for delivery in clinical practice. A qualitative co-production method allowed participants with a lived experience to provide regular feedback relating to the development of the adapted CST manual and intervention programme. This feedback was used to make continual development changes to the CST manual.

Findings

The study demonstrated co-production with those who provide care is valuable in adapting psychosocial therapies for people with an intellectual disability and dementia. Additional findings identified the need for carer education in ageing, dementia care and the physical health needs for older people with intellectual disability.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that has used a co-production approach with families and carers in adapting a group therapy programme for people with an intellectual disability. This paper underlines the need for post diagnostic clinical interventions for people with dementia and those who provide care.
An empirical study on repeat consumer's shopping satisfaction on C2C e-commerce in Japan: the role of value, trust and engagement
Authors: Moriuchi Emi , Takahashi Ikuo
Published: April 2022

Purpose

Technology has advanced and led the revolution of the online e-commerce industry through various online platforms. These online platforms were integrated to enhance customer's shopping experience, promoting different business models including consumer-to-consumer (C2C) secondary e-commerce market. This new online business model has been gaining interest in both academia and industry due to potential opportunities and challenges to serve customers effectively. This study aims to draw upon the means-end theory to test a conceptual model to understand the role of engagement between different types of trust and satisfaction toward shopping on C2C e-commerce.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative survey method was developed to test the antecedents and mediator of C2C customer satisfaction. A panel service was used to collect the dataset (n = 294) to test the proposed extended means-end chain theory (MEC) model.

Findings

The authors found that the role of trust toward the platform provider and the third-party seller differs based on the perceived value (functional and emotional) and impact of trust on satisfaction. This study provides a rich conceptualization of an instrument for a C2C experience that can serve as a starting point for future research to investigate the antecedents and impacts of the C2C context.

Research limitations/implications

Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalizability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed hypotheses further in a different context (e.g. country).

Practical implications

The paper includes implications for a guide to designing an effective online C2C retailing strategy.

Originality/value

This paper fulfills an identified need to study how engagement serves different role depending on the trust consumers have toward the intermediary vs the seller, which has a subsequent effect on consumer's satisfaction.
Change detection filter technique-based fault analysis of HVDC transmission line
Authors: Damala Rajesh Babu , Dash Ashish Ranjan , Patnaik Rajesh Kumar
Published: April 2022

Purpose

This research paper aims to investigate the change detection filter technique with a decision tree-based event (fault type) classifier for recognizing and categorizing power system disturbances on the high-voltage DC (HVDC) transmission link.

Design/methodology/approach

A change detection filter is used to the average and differential current components, which detects the point of fault initiation and records a change detection point (CDP). The half-cycle differential and average currents on both sides of the CDP are sent through the signal processing unit, which produces the respective target. The extracted target indices are sent through a decision tree-based fault classifier mechanism for fault classification.

Findings

In comparison with conventional differential current protection systems, the developed framework is faster in fault detection and classification and provides great accuracy. The new technology allows for prompt identification of the fault category, allowing electrical grids to be restored as quickly as possible to minimize economic losses. This novel technology enhances efficiency in terms of reducing computing complexity.

Research limitations/implications

Setting a threshold value for identification is one of the limitations. To bring the designed system into stability condition before creating faults on it is another limitation. Reducing the computational burden is one of the limitations.

Practical implications

Creating a practical system in laboratory is difficult as it is a HVDC transmission line. Apart from that, installing rectifier and converter section for HVDC transmission line is difficult in a laboratory setting.

Originality/value

The suggested scheme’s importance and accuracy have been rigorously validated for the standard HVDC transmission system, subjected to various types of DC fault, and the results show the proposed algorithm would be a feasible alternative to real-time applications.
Ureteral metastasis of small cell lung cancer transformed from lung adenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Wang Yi , Li Ji , Luo Lei , Li Xiaoliang , Liu Qingsong , Wang Yan , Che Guowei , Xie Xiaoyang
Published: April 2022

Targeted therapy offers a new option for patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients. However, long‐term targeted therapy may transform lung adenocarcinoma into small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Herein, we report a 48‐year‐old female patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma and ureteral metastasis which transformed from adenocarcinoma to SCLC after surgical and targeted therapies. She was diagnosed with invasive adenocarcinoma undergoing the surgery. Two years later recurrence and metastasis occurred and she was given targeted therapy with gefitinib and osimertinib. Two years after targeted therapy, a right ureteral mass (4.9 × 3.7 × 3.8 cm) pathologically diagnosed with SCLC was found, which indicated that the pathological subtype has changed from adenocarcinoma to SCLC. Ultimately, multiple metastases occurred after two cycles of chemotherapy consisting of cis‐platinum plus etoposide.
Zirconium cyclosilicate: An oral sorbent for potassium, four decades in the making
Authors: Ash Stephen R.
Published: April 2022

HemoCleanse collaborated with Dr. John Sherman and Union Carbide in the 1980s to develop a cation exchanger with high selectivity for potassium and ammonium, for use in a wearable artificial kidney. Synthetic zeolites had unexpected solubility in this application but by 2000, UOP (a sister company of Union Carbide) had developed zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC). HemoCleanse performed early animal studies of SZC as an oral sorbent. These showed remarkable binding characteristics. HemoCleanse then obtained the license for SZC for medical applications, helped to form ZS Pharma, and collaborated in further animal studies and clinical trials. AstraZeneca purchased ZS Pharma in 2015, and SZC (Lokelma®) has now become an effective treatment for hyperkalemia in patients with kidney failure and cardiac conditions.
Late relapses in Hodgkin lymphoma – should we search for the needle in the haystack?
Authors: El‐Galaly Tarec Christoffer , Glimelius Ingrid
Published: April 2022

Hodgkin lymphoma is among the most curable cancers. For patients in remission for 24 months, residual lifetime becomes close to that of the background population. However, late relapses can occur after several years and, as shown by Andersen et al., the outcomes are not always good.

Commentary on: Andersen MD, Hamilton‐Dutoit S, Modvig L, Vase M, Christiansen I, Christensen JH, et al. Late recurrence of lymphoid malignancies after initial treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma – A study from the Danish Lymphoma Registry. Br J Haematol 2022;198:50‐61.
New configurations of labour insertion processes. The case of secondary technical and vocational education and training students in Chile
Authors: Valdebenito María José , Sepúlveda Leandro
Published: April 2022

This article presents the results of a longitudinal study that followed a sample of 1011 young people who completed their secondary technical and vocational education and training studies in Chile between 2011 and 2016. It adopts a mixed design that combines both quantitative and qualitative methodological strategies to analyse transitions and post‐study trajectories. Analysis has helped to identify the prevalence of non‐linear and unstructured transitions to the labour market. It has also shown the existence of education‐work links and employment alternatives that are generated in certain sectors as well as identified how these give rise to specific opportunity structures that affect on aspirations and career pathways. Results indicate that graduates of the industrial area of study experience more substantive educational integration and labour links following course completion due to greater levels of alignment between their training and the productive demands of the industrial sectors. However, their experiences over the medium term are fragmented and, thus, reflect those of their peers from other areas.
Life history of the humpnose big‐eye bream Monotaxis grandoculis
Authors: Pardee Cassandra , Wiley John
Published: April 2022

This study provides estimates of growth rate, longevity, maturity, spawning seasonality and mortality for Hawai'i's only lethrinid, the humpnose big‐eye bream (known as Mū in Hawai'i) Monotaxis grandoculis, a commercially and recreationally important species in Hawai'i and throughout the Indo‐Pacific. M. grandoculis reaches maturity at 303 mm fork length or 3.6 years of age for both sexes. Males were significantly larger than females for a given age. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters for males and females were L∞ = 506 mm fork length and von Bertalanffy growth coefficient (K) = 0.24 year−1, and L∞ = 427 mm fork length and K = 0.33 year−1, respectively. Both males and females reached ages over 20 years old, with a maximum age of 23 years. M. grandoculis had a distinct spawning season from May through August with corresponding elevated female gonadosomatic index. An age‐based multinomial catch curve indicated that the commercial exploitation rate (natural mortality/fishing mortality) was 0.48 year−1, which is considered below the overfishing limit.
The vomeronasal system in semiaquatic beavers
Authors: Tomiyasu Jumpei , Korzekwa Anna , Kawai Yusuke K. , Robstad Christian A. , Rosell Frank , Kondoh Daisuke
Published: April 2022

In contrast to the main olfactory system that detects volatile chemicals in the nasal air, the vomeronasal system can detect nonvolatile chemicals as well as volatiles. In the vomeronasal system, chemicals are perceived by the vomeronasal organ (VNO) projecting axons to the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). Beavers (Castor spp.) are semiaquatic mammals that have developed chemical communication. It is possible that the beaver's anal gland secretions, nonvolatile and insoluble substances, may work as a messenger in the water and that beavers may detect the nonvolatile chemicals floating on the water surface via the VNO. The present study aimed to clarify the specificities of the beaver vomeronasal system by histologically and immunohistochemically analyzing the VNO and AOB of 12 Eurasian beavers (C. fiber). The VNO directly opened to the nasal cavity and was independent of a narrow nasopalatine duct connecting the oral and nasal cavities. The VNO comprised soft tissues including sensory and nonsensory epithelium, glands, a venous sinus, an artery, as well as cartilage inner, and bone outer enclosures. The AOB had distinct six layers, and anti‐G protein α‐i2 and α‐o subunits were, respectively, immunoreactive in rostral and caudal glomeruli layers indicating expressions of V1Rs and V2Rs. According to gene repertories analysis, the beavers had 23 and six intact V1R and V2R genes respectively. These findings suggested that beavers recognize volatile odorants and nonvolatile substances using the vomeronasal system. The beaver VNO was developed as well as in other rodents, and it had two specific morphological features, namely, disadvantaged contact with the oral cavity because of a tiny nasopalatine duct, and a double bone and cartilage envelope. Our results highlight the importance of the vomeronasal system in beaver chemical communication and support the possibility that beavers can detect chemicals floating on the water surface via the VNO.