bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Competences Are Promoting in University Teacher Training Programs? A Study of Spanish Public Universities
Authors:   Department of Pedagogy and Didactics, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain, begona.rumbo@udc.es, Arcas Begoña Rumbo , Sánchez Tania F. Gómez ,   Department of Pedagogy and Didactics, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain, tania.fatima.gomez.sanchez@udc.es
Published: December 2023

The aim of the study is to assess the extent to which university teacher training in Spain matches with the literature framework about teaching competencies in higher education. The absence of a generic definition of what it means to be a competent teacher and the need for a competency profile on which to base the study, leads to undertake an initial bibliometric review of the main educational research databases ERIC, PsycINFO and Psychology Database. The studies were selected to extract a categorical classification that allowed to code the content analysis of the training programs offered in 41 Spanish public universities in seven competencies: content-related competency (research), personal, pedagogical, social, communicative, digital and technological and ecological. 2425 training courses were coded and analyzed with Maxqda version 20.4.2 and Excel database. The findings show that university teachers receive more training in competencies related to technology, pedagogy, and disciplinary content-research, and less training in personal and ecological competencies. The conclusion of the study highlights the lack of consensus between literature review and programs on what constitutes good teaching among teachers and students and the fact that continuing professional development remains dependent on teacher initiative. Keywords: university teacher competence, university teacher training, descriptive analysis, Spanish context, teacher training
Implicit Theories on Teaching, Learning, and Evaluating Flamenco Dance in the Classroom: Demographic Comparison of Spain and Japan
Authors:   Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Spain, rosa.heras@unir.net, Heras-Fernández Rosa de las , Vallés Carolina Bonastre ,   Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain, cbonastr@ucm.es, Calderón-Garrido Diego ,   Universitat de Barcelona, Spain, dcalderon@ub.edu, Acero Juana María Anguita ,   Corresponding author, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain, jmanguitaacero@edu.uned.es
Published: December 2023

Flamenco dance is present not just in many regions of Spain but also throughout the world, including places as far as Japan. These diverse teaching contexts have led to disparate studies on flamenco teaching and learning processes. However, most of these studies differ from general theories of education; for example, there is no record of studies of flamenco applying implicit learning theories. Much like music and physical education, flamenco dance entails a type of procedural learning that can be based on different theories depending on whether the focus is on learning, teaching or educational evaluation. This study aims to disclose the presence of implicit theories (direct, interpretive and constructive) in these processes, and determine Spanish and Japanese dancers’ educational preferences in the classroom in connection with these theories, while exploring geographical and demographic characteristics. The results show that the situations extracted from the theories are present in the classroom, and that there is a clear connection between the country where dancers train professionally, and their age and gender. There are statistically significant differences that reveal the importance of the country with respect to the latter two characteristics. Overall, participants preferred constructivist situations. Given these results, more research should be carried out in this field. Keywords: teaching and learning processes, implicit learning theories, flamenco, teaching contexts, evaluation
The Effects of Technical Science on Learner Performance and possible Technical Vocational Career Choices
Authors:   WITS School of Education, South Africa, Magdeline.stephen@wits.ac.za, Stephen Magdeline M.
Published: December 2023

Technical vocational education and training (TVET) colleges offer technical vocational professions through a more vocational than academic curriculum. The addition of mathematics and physical science to the technical school curriculum led to a high failure rate and an increase in dropout rates because many students failed these two subjects. The department of basic education (DBE) established technical mathematics and technical science as alternatives to mathematics and physical science in these schools in an effort to address these issues. This study explored the effect of technical science on the technical high school pass rates following its implementation. Qualitative data methods was used to analyse physical science and technical content documents as well as pass rates descriptively. Findings for this study showed that technical science had less weight in the exam and less challenging content than physical science. After the advent of technical science, the pass rates for physical science rose considerably, though they were also inconsistent. Additionally, several schools stopped teaching technical science even after their students excelled in it. The study recommends that more investigation be done into the effects of technical science on learners' readiness for technical vocational careers and reasons for some schools to drop technical science. Keywords: learner performance, pass rates, physical science technical science, TVET colleges, vocational careers
Hybrid Learning (HL) in Higher Education: The Design and Challenges
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram, Indonesia, nuruddinmsi@uinmataram.ac.id, Nuruddin Nuruddin
Published: December 2023

The covid-19 outbreak is spreading in the world fast, forcing states worldwide to transform into digital services, including education services. This study aims to investigate the design and challenges of Islamic universities in implementing HL. Hybrid Learning (HL) denotes a mixture of face-to-face (FTF) learning in the classroom with online learning through application assistance. In this study, the researcher used a qualitative descriptive method using open questions, documentation, and observation. In collecting data, researchers used critical reflection and triangulation. The study's results delineate that the HL design in Islamic universities in West Nusa Tenggara is imposed with FTF and online learning. Online learning design is prescribed using various features such as maximizing various applications, including zoom applications, LMS, Google Classroom, Whatsapp Group, etc. Students who savor online learning are students in the fifth semester and up, while students who undergo the FTF learning system are freshman and second-year students. This arrangement is because students in that semester have never felt the stall and orientation of lectures. Meanwhile, students who can make online appointments and FTF are those who are undergoing the final project. The challenges in HL include lecturers having difficulty constructing learning tools, students' low motivation and willingness to learn, unstable and unevenly distributed internet access, and students' economic conditions who experience difficulties. In FTF, lecturers and students have difficulty interacting because government policies prohibit crowds, social distancing, and must wear facemasks. Therefore, students, parents, and colleges must synergize to make the HL process successful. Keywords: hybrid learning, design, challenges, FTF, online learning, higher education
Comparison of anesthesia results in Turkish and immigrant patients who underwent cesarean section
Authors: FERLENGEZ Ayşe Gül , TÜNAY Abdurrahman
Published: December 2023

Aim: Our study aims to compare anesthesia complications between immigrant and Turkish patients thus better knowledge to clinicians and anesthetists for the management of cesarean operative delivery among different race obstetric populations.
Materials and Methods: Between 06.2018-08.2018, cesarean anesthesia forms were examined retrospectively. Age, gestational week, indication of surgery, anesthesia method applied, complications in mother (hypotension, bradycardia, bleeding, emesis) recorded.
Results: 143 Turkish and 145 immigrant patients were recruited for our study. ASA II score, emergency cesarean (CS) rate, emesis incidence, hypotension rate of patients were statistically higher in immigrant patients than in Turkish patients (p<0.05). There was statically no significant difference found between the two groups of patients on behalf of bradycardia.
Conclusion: We highlight the barriers to emergency cesarean section operations in the un-monitored obstetric population, so it is vital to raise awareness of both obstetricians and anesthesiologists on this issue.
Effects of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin use on ECG parameters due to COVID-19 in pediatric patient population
Authors: VARAN Celal , UYGUN Hatice , TURĞUT Mehmet
Published: December 2023

Aim: Due to COVID-19 infection, the use of two drugs, hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin, with a high potential for arrhythmia, came to the fore in the pediatric patient group at the beginning of 2020, during the search for treatment. The aim is to reveal the synergistic arrhythmic effects of these two drugs in prolonging the QT interval on the ECG.
Materials and Methods: First of all, patients taking hydroxychloroquine were identified. Demographic data of these patients were recorded. In addition to hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin and other treatments they used were also recorded. Those with ECG data were selected. Transmyocardial repolarization parameters calculated by ECG were calculated retrospectively (QT, QTc, Tpe, Tpe/QT, Tpe/QTc). Then, laboratory findings and radiological imaging of these patients were recorded.
Results: Twenty-three pediatric patients who met the study criteria were identified. All of the patients were asymptomatic or mild disease. When initial and post-drug ECG parameters were compared; It was observed that the drugs did not have a significant arrhythmogenic effect on ECG parameters, especially QT interval and QTc.
Conclusion: Unlike the literature showing arrhythmic effects of these drugs in adult COVID-19 disease, hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin did not show such an effect in the pediatric population.
Distribution of epidemiological and clinical involvement of extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in the infectious disease’s outpatient clinic by years
Authors: ASLAN Sefer , SAYİNER Hakan Sezgin
Published: December 2023

Aim: It was aimed to examine the patients diagnosed with extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in terms of diagnostic methods and demographic characteristics.
Materials and Methods: The files of patients with EPTB who were followed up in the infectious disease’s outpatient clinic between 2012 and 2022 in our study were retrospectively reviewed.
Results: Of the patients diagnosed with EPTB, 70.8% (102) were female and 29.2% (42) were male. The ages of the patients ranged from 20 to 88, the mean age of women was 54.2, and the mean age of men was 55. The most common site of involvement in these patients was lymph node involvement. This was followed by bone-joint, peritoneal, central nervous system and genitourinary system involvement, respectively. Histopathological methods were used most frequently in 81 (56.5%) of the patients.
Conclusion: The signs and symptoms of EPTB differ according to the organs and tissues involved in the body. We believe that EPTB should be considered in the differential diagnosis in endemic regions.
The impact of maternal age distribution on pregnancy-related complications and neonatal outcomes: a single-center retrospective experience
Authors: BAŞKIRAN Yusuf , TANOĞLU Fatma Başak , UÇKAN Kazım , ÇELEĞEN İzzet , KARAÇOR Talip
Published: December 2023

Aim: To determine possible risks for mother and baby in advanced age pregnancies.
Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective archive review examining 14192 cases who gave live births between 24 and 42 weeks between 2020-2023.
Results: The frequency of preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, rupture of membranes and possible miscarriage was high in advanced-age pregnant women compared to other groups. When the groups were compared according to neonatal outcomes, the frequency of low birth weight in adolescence was high than in advanced-age pregnant women. When the groups were compared in terms of macrosomia, the frequency of macrosomia was high in the older age group than in the other groups.
Conclusion: It should be known that pregnancies at an advanced-age can be more complicated for both mother and baby, and pregnancy follow-up should be done more carefully.
Preliminary in vitro assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of avocado (Persea Americano) oil in breast cancer cell line (MCF-7)
Authors: AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU Ayça
Published: December 2023

Aim: Toxicological evaluation is required to understand the safety of avocado (Persea Americana) oil for use as a food supplement. In this study, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of avocado oil in MCF-7 cell line were evaluated. Materials and Methods: In this study, the MCF-7 was exposed to avocado oil (1, 10, 25 and 100 ppm) for 24, 48 and 72 hrs to assess the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. Results: IC50 of avocado oil were found to be 68.1, 62.8 and 64.3 ppm for 24, 48 and 72 hrs, respectively. There was a statistically significant decrease in cell polferation between the control and exposed groups (p<0.05). Micronucleus frequency was significantly increased compared with negative control (p<0.005). Conclusion: Results of the study, avocado oil had cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in a time and concentration dependent manner. Regular use of avocado oil as a dietary supplement has been shown to have a protective effect.
Comparison of brain volume measurements in methamphetamine use disorder with healthy individuals using volbrain method
Authors: DENİZ Gülnihal , KARAKURT Nurgül , ÖZCAN Halil , ACER Niyazi
Published: December 2023

Aim: This study aims to examine brain structures in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) and to understand the possible effects of methamphetamine on these structures.
Materials and Methods: The study was retrospectively evaluated in 21 MUD and 21 healthy controls. VolBrain segmentation method was used.
Results: Grey Matter (GM), Cortical GM, Cerebrum total, and GM volumes were found to be less and significantly higher in MUD compared to healthy controls (p<0.01). Accumbens, Basal Forebrain, Caudate, Pallidum, Putamen, and Parietal Lobe volumes were increased in MUD (p<0.01). Amygdala, Hippocampus, Ventral Diencephalone, Frontal Lobe, Posterior Orbital Gyrus, Precentral Gyrus, Temporal Lobe, Calcarine Cortex, Middle Occipital Gyrus, Superior Occipital Gyrus, Limbic Cortex volumes were significantly smaller in MUD compared to healthy controls.
Conclusion: This study helped us better understand MUD's effects on brain structures. It also provided important information for developing effective strategies for treating and preventing MUD.
Investigation of the germline PALB2 variants in cancer patients using the next-generation sequencing in Türkiye
Authors: TUNÇER Şeref Buğra , KILIÇ ERCİYAS Seda , ŞÜKRÜOĞLU ERDOĞAN Özge , ÇELİK Betül , YALNIZ KAYIM Zübeyde , KURT GÜLTAŞLAR Büşra
Published: December 2023

Aim: The study aimed to investigate germline PALB2 gene variants in 1056 cancer patients in Türkiye, selected based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for genetic/familial high-risk assessment related to breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancer.
Materials and Methods: The next-generation sequencing analysis of genomic DNA was performed using a Sophia Hereditary Cancer Solutions Panel for PALB2 gene mutation screening.
Results: The PALB2 genetic variants were detected in 48 patients, including 20 patients with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants and 28 patients with variants of uncertain significance. The most common PALB2 mutations were the frameshift mutations c.557dupA p.(Asn186Lysfs*4) and c.509_510del p.(Arg170Ilefs*14), found in 0.57% and 0.28% of patients, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings of the study emphasize the importance of PALB2 gene analysis for breast cancer predisposition in Türkiye.
Features of diagnosis and treatment of newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation
Authors: Lependin S. O. , Patsenko M. B. , Surigina S. E. , Morozova N. V. , Steklov V. I.
Published: December 2023

Due to the wide spread in the population and high risk of complications, atrial fibrillation is an important nosology, and  doctors of both outpatient and hospital departments should be prepared for its early detection and diagnosis. The absence of  specific symptoms and clear causes of onset, as well as the many associated clinical conditions, mean that knowledge of atrial  fibrillation, especially its debut — the first diagnosed atrial fibrillation — is particularly necessary for general practitioners.  This article analyzes literature on first diagnosed atrial fibrillation, focusing on the peculiarities of the disease’s course,  diagnosis, choice of tactics, and treatment. The article introduces readers to information from modern publicly available  publications on this topic, providing an overview of the key stages in the historical development of medicine in this area.  Based on literary sources, existing problems of underestimating the danger of the disease, lack of unified approaches to patient  management, and key definitions and concepts are revealed today.
Bodies of Water: Fluidity and Indigenous Curatorial Praxis
Authors: Friend Reuben
Published: December 2023

Naadohbii: To Draw Water. Bottled Ocean. Hawai‘i Triennale The Pacific Century. E Ho’omanu no Moananuiākea. Pan-Austro-Nesian. The Great Journey. Paradise Camp. La Biennale di Venezia. Jim Vivieaere. Yuki Kihara. Kaohsiung Museum of Fine Art Taiwan. Winnipeg Art Gallery. Pātaka Art+Museum. Melbourne Museum.
Peggy Guggenheim and the Pacific
Authors: Veys Fanny Wonu
Published: December 2023

This paper examines the small Pacific collection of Peggy Guggenheim, looking at how it became part of a non-Western art collection that exists in addition to her important modernist assembled works. After highlighting Peggy Guggenheim’s collecting practices, I will relate some of her display experiments. Finally, the discussion will explore the use and show of Guggenheim’s non-Western art collection in a twenty-first century exhibition called Migrating Objects. Arts of Africa, Oceania, and the Americas in the Peggy Guggenheim Collection.
José Saramago as a Transiberianist Cultural Translator
Authors: Baltrusch Burghard
Published: December 2023

Saramago left behind his conviction that “we are all translators” and that “writing means translating”. This article aims to show that many aspects of Saramago’s life and work can be approached from a translational perspective, as there is still a gap of critical literature on the subject. Saramago’s thought on translation will be first explained in general terms, through a brief comparison with Walter Benjamin, and then specifically in terms of cultural translation, through what he understood as iberism and transibericity. The numerous texts and interviews in which Saramago reflected on intra- and extra-Iberian relations allow us to analyse him today as a cultural translator. He defended the necessity of an intra-Iberian solidarity capable of preserving differentiated identities, and drew our attention to the need for a trans-Iberian political-cultural translation. I will argue that Saramago translated Luso and Spanish ethnocentrism into three key ideas. Firstly, the multicultural character of the Iberian Peninsula, which is a historically incontestable fact. Secondly, that Iberian cultures, without making them uniform, would share a common basis that differentiates them, in turn, from Europe. And thirdly the idea of transibericity as a “task of translating, while respecting the place from which [we] came and the place to which [we] are going” (Saramago 2003, n.p.), as a dialogue with the alternative doxa that today include Latin American and African post-colonial cultures.
Gerardo Diego, el poeta enamorado de Italia
Authors: Ruta Maria Caterina
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In his book Homenaje italiano a Gerardo Diego, Gabriele Morelli recalls the diffusion of Spanish poetry in Italy in the first decades of the 20th century and in particular the favorable reception Gerardo Diego had. The poet, who made recurring trips to Italy, was also known for his work Poesía española. Antología 1915-1931 (1932), which served as a model not only for the anthologies of Spanish poetry by Bo, Macrì and Bodini, but also for those of contemporary Italian poetry. Diego's interest in Italian cities and their art is manifested in many of his compositions, but the article privileges the comparison of the Spaniard's sonnet "Insomnio" with Leopardi's idyll "La sera del dì di festa" on the basis of the common lunar theme, examining their mutual poetic mastery, but emphasizing the diversity of their existential condition.
The Beast Within, the Beast Without
Zoomorphic Armour Ornament and the Human-Animal Divide in the Material Culture of Renaissance War
Authors: Borgo Francesca
Published: December 2023

Drawing on and accentuating classical motifs, the surfaces of Renaissance armour are inhabited by an impressive variety of animal exuviae: leonine protomes and paws, ram’s horns, shells, tails, beaks, and wings. This essay examines the role of zoo­morphic armour around the period of the Italian wars (1494-1559) and brings into focus early modern ideas about the behavioural and morphological proximity of living beings, illustrating the period’s fluid perception of the human-animal divide. It argues for the centrality of ornament in military material culture and concludes by establishing armour as the period’s main figurative stage for experimenting with the permeability of bodily boundaries, and the mixing of human and animal forms.
The Visual Afterlife of les gueules cassées: Artistic rRception from the Interbellum to documenta 13
Authors: Timonina Alexandra
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the representation of facial and bodily deformation as both a subject and an expressive means in diverse artistic media throughout the twentieth century until today. First, it wishes to provide a bibliographical overview of the recent research that delves into the problem from diverse methodologies. Second, it aims at tracing a timeline of how the imagery of ‘broken faces’, sometimes not directly related to the gueules cassées, yet persistent and recognisable, changed its use as a trope in the hands of modern and contemporary artists. Their works bear similarities in the dramatic accent on the deformation and decomposition of the body used to narrate collective trauma and a sense of confusion. Finally, the essay wishes to illustrate the complexity of this type of representation by contextualising some artworks within social and ethical contexts.
Raccontare il miracolo italiano nel 1994. The Italian Metamorphosis 1943-1968
Authors: Cammarata Silvia Maria Sara
Published: December 2023

In 1994, The Italian Metamorphosis 1943-1968 opened at the Guggenheim Museum in New York presenting, in addition to artworks, design, fashion and cinema fixed in the American collective imagination as typically Italian, even evoking clichés about Italian style. The objects, the chronological span and the curatorial discourses were functional to an American narrative and resumed choices and formulas used since the post-war period to promote Italian products in the United States. This article intends to give an account of the exhibition and its feedbacks, contextualising it and hypothesizing the reasons for recalling narratives from almost fifty years earlier, in 1994.
The relationship between local councillors’ representative style and their support for participatory democracy.
Authors: De Smedt Nina , Haesevoets Tessa , Steyvers Kristof , Wauters Bram
Published: December 2023

The last few decades governments have operated in a challenging environment which increasingly calls for extended citizen participation. The aim of the article is to demonstrate that representative and participatory democracy are not two distinct realities, but that politicians’ opinions about their representative roles are associated with their attitudes about participatory democracy. To this end, the present paper links representative styles (partisan-delegate-trustee) with support for (1) the amount of citizen participation and (2) the type of citizen participation. Elected politicians traditionally perceive their representative roles either as ‘partisan’ (party-driven), ‘delegate’ (voter-driven) or ‘trustee’ (driven by their own judgement). We conducted a large-scale survey among Flemish (Belgium) local councillors (N = 791). We show the biggest differences in support being between ‘delegates’ and ‘partisans’. The first group seems to be more receptive to (far-reaching) citizen participation and we explain that by their general orientation towards citizens.
Kepemimpinan, Motivasi Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai
Authors: Christian Ferdinandus
Published: December 2023

Kepemimpinan, motivasi, dan lingkungan kerja tidak hanya berpengaruh secara individual, tetapi juga memiliki keterkaitan yang erat dalam membentuk kinerja pegawai. Kepemimpinan yang efektif dan mampu memotivasi pegawai untuk bekerja lebih baik. Motivasi dapat timbul dari luar maupun dari dalam. Motivasi dari luar dipengaruhi oleh faktor kepemimpinan dan lingkungan kerja.
Nonfatal Intentional Self-Harm Gunshot Wound Cases in a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Emergency Department Visits
Authors: Reinbergs Erik J.
Published: December 2023

Background: Firearms are the leading means of suicide in the United States. Research on those who survive injuries associated with intentional self-harm gunshot wounds (GSWs) is limited. Aims: This study explores differences between patients and injury/event characteristics of cases involving nonfatal intentional self-harm GSWs compared to control cases that sustained nonfatal GSWs that did not involve intentional self-harm. Method: Analyses used multivariable logistic regression using the Firearm Injury Surveillance Study data (1993–2021). The complex survey structure of the data was accounted for in analysis, producing nationally representative estimates. Results: There were an estimated 113,012 (95% CI [53,807.58, 172,216]) nonfatal intentional self-harm GSW injuries seen in U.S. emergency departments between 1993–2021, with differences in adjusted odds ratios across sex and incident characteristics. Intentional self-harm shootings were estimated to have an 84% (95% CI [76.5, 94.1]) case fatality rate. Each year, an estimated average of 3,897 patients survive intentional self-harm GSWs in the United States. Conclusion: Survival of intentional self-harm GSWs is a rare, but non-zero outcome that merits further study.
Mental Health Challenges in the Age of Social Media: A Sociological Study
Authors: baihaqi baihaqi
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the challenges of mental health in the age of social media and the role of sociology in understanding and addressing its negative impacts. Through a literature review with a descriptive approach, this article highlights the influence of social media on mental health, including stress, anxiety, social isolation, psychological distress, cyberbullying, and addiction. From a sociological perspective, this article shows how social media affects people's behavior, culture, and norms, as well as creating stress, psychological trauma, and loss of intimacy. To address these challenges, a holistic approach that engages individuals, communities, and the design of more responsible social media platforms is needed. Relevant research in this field is also highlighted as a first step in addressing mental health challenges in the age of social media.
Harnessing youths’ need to contribute to societal challenges: A naturalistic experiment
Authors: Brinke Lysanne te , Sweijen Sophie , Crone Eveline
Published: December 2023

Background: Global societal challenges such as climate change, increased inequalities, and the aftermath of a pandemic, can negatively impact youths’ mental health, but also be transformed into opportunities for youth to have a positive impact. However, up until now, relatively little is known about harnessing youths’ need to contribute to societal challenges. Methods: We conducted a naturalistic experiment with 139 Dutch adolescents between 12 and 17 years old (Mage = 14.68, SDage = 0.99, 60.4% female). Adolescents in the experimental group participated in a societal challenge program, consisting of a three-step workshop and impact challenge. Adolescents in the control group did not participate in the societal challenge program. Both groups answered questionnaires about the need and perceived opportunities to contribute, feelings of vigor/depression, and novelty seeking behaviors at four time points (T1 = pretest, T2 = after the workshops, T3 = after the impact challenge, T4 = follow-up). Results: Our findings show an overall disbalance between adolescents’ need to contribute and their perceived opportunities to make valuable contributions before the challenge program. This disbalance was enlarged for adolescents who reported to be more sensitive to social rewards. After the first phase of the challenge program, the disbalance was smaller in the experimental group compared to the control group, and adolescents who participated with a higher challenge intensity, showed a higher need to contribute at T3. These differences were no longer observed at the follow-up measurement. Conclusion: Although no long-term effects of the societal challenge program were found, our findings provide initial evidence for the notion that some adolescents may be more inclined to become ‘agents of change’ than others. By demonstrating that adolescents have a high need to contribute to societal challenges, this study provides important building blocks for research on adolescent mental health in a changing world.
Proses integrasi sosial dilingkungan kampus
Authors: toineno Jovan juvianto
Published: December 2023

Interaksi sosial di kampus sangat penting untuk hubungan yang sehat antara mahasiswa, dosen, dan staf. Hambatan seperti sifat individu dan bahasa ilmiah perlu diatasi. Mahasiswa sebagai agen perubahan mempengaruhi perkembangan sosial dengan faktor internal dan eksternal yang berperan. Proses interaksi melibatkan aktivitas seperti presentasi dan kolaborasi. Organisasi kampus memperluas jaringan sosial, namun dinamika kekuasaan antara senior dan junior dapat menciptakan tantangan. Mengembangkan keterampilan interaksi menjadi kunci menghadapi kompleksitas lingkungan kampus.
Ethical considerations for monitoring and responding to suicide risk in research studies
Authors: Stewart Jeremy Gordon
Published: December 2023

In this lesson, upper-year undergraduate psychology students (or early graduate students) learn the concept of balancing risks/harms with potential benefits in research ethics, as described in the “Tri-Council Policy Statement on Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans” (TCPS2 2022). Students consider how this key ethical concept applies to research involving people with histories of suicidal thoughts and/or behaviors. Students learn the practical impacts that researchers’ obligations to mitigate risks have on research assessments and procedures. The lesson is usually taught over two classes. It is best suited to an upper-year undergraduate psychology seminar focused on suicide. This lesson is also most easily integrated into courses that use a “flipped classroom” model wherein students view lecture material and do readings outside of class time and in-person class is reserved for discussions and activities. The lesson assumes that the students will have had a general introduction to research on suicidal behavior.Part 1 of the lesson will introduce common ethical considerations for suicide research, with a particular focus on researchers’ obligation to balance risks and potential benefits in these studies. This will include differentiating between “research attributable risk” and “general risk.” Part 1 will use sections of the TCPS2 2022 directly, as well as literature on how researchers and research ethics boards perceive risks and benefits in studies focused on suicide.Part 2 of the lesson will discuss how risk is assessed in suicide research. The class focuses on the validity of the tools that are often used in suicide studies, and the ethical implications of using approaches that lack predictive validity. Part 2 will use lived experience perspectives on suicide risk assessments to inform considerations of balancing the risks/harms of these assessments with obligations surrounding participant safety, and the benefits of conducting the study.
Wisdom and prosocial behavior
Authors: Andor Mark A. , Grossmann Igor , Hoenow Nils Christian , Tomberg Lukas
Published: December 2023

Prosocial behavior is crucial for tackling global challenges such as climate change, poverty, and conflict, yet people often prioritize personal benefits over the common good. A classic philosophical proposition is that prosocial behavior benefits from psychological wisdom — a concept characterized by cognitive and behavioral scientists by expression of intellectual humility, open-mindedness towards different ways in which events may unfold, as well as consideration and integration of diverse viewpoints. We investigate the relationship between these features of wisdom and prosocial behavior in an incentivized donation experiment, as well as self-reported real-world behaviors such as blood and charity donations across 13,500 households in nine European countries. Our findings reveal that greater expression of wisdom was systematically aligned with contributions to climate change mitigation, donating blood and money to charitable causes, compliance with rules and behaviors to contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus, voting in parliamentary elections, volunteering and being a member of an environmental group. These results were robust across experimental conditions varying vantage point (self-focused or other-focused), when examining wisdom in reflections specific to climate donation decisions, or reflections on one’s personal life experiences, or when accounting for effect socioeconomic characteristics, personality, and values of prosocial behavior. Finally, the association was observed in each of the country samples, albeit with varying strengths.
Digital Location Tracking of Children and Adolescents: A Review and Theoretical Model
Authors: Davis Isabella , Thornburg Makayla A. , Patel Herry , Pelham William E.
Published: December 2023

Many parents in the U.S. have begun using GPS-based digital location tracking (DLT) technologies (smartphones, tags, wearables) to track the whereabouts of children and adolescents. This paper reviews the literature to determine what is known about DLT today. We find that there is minimal published data on DLT. There are 5 quantitative studies, all cross-sectional, most of which report only the prevalence of DLT use or the apps used (1 study has reported on correlates). Most published articles on DLT are commentary papers or small qualitative studies addressing the new ethical, developmental, and sociocultural issues that arise from DLT use (e.g., consent, privacy, autonomy, independence). These articles are primarily speculative, rather than representative surveys of what youth and parents actually think or do. Thus, DLT comprises a vastly understudied parenting behavior of developmental and clinical relevance. To stimulate further research, we propose a theoretical model that situates DLT in the more mature literatures on parental monitoring and youth information management.
Launching! to Adulthood: An updated group therapy program for young adults with neurodevelopmental differences transitioning to adulthood
Authors: Pagan Antonio F , Loveland Katherine A.
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The transition to adulthood is a formative period of development for young adults, as they work towards independence and managing adult responsibilities. This time can be especially difficult for young adults with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs; such as ASD or ADHD), who may experience executive functioning and social communication difficulties. Parents also may experience an increased burden during this transition. However, evidence-based interventions for young adults with NDDs rarely integrate parents. The present study provided initial feasibility and acceptability data for a therapy program for young adults with NDDs transitioning to adulthood and their parents. Methods: The updated intervention, called Launching! to Adulthood, is a 10-week therapy program based on evidence-based treatments (i.e., CBT, ACT, MI), designed to reduce distress and support the transition to independence for young adults with NDDs and their parents. The updated Launching! to Adulthood therapy program now includes weekly Motivational Interviewing (MI) coaching sessions for young adults. Measures of feasibility, acceptability, and well-being were collected pre- and post-intervention from participants (n = 28).Results: The updated Launching! to Adulthood therapy program was acceptable and feasible for the 28 participants, with high ratings of satisfaction. Young adults (n = 12) experienced a significant reduction in depression symptoms and a significant increase in quality of life, while parents (n = 16) experienced significant reductions in caregiver burden. Conclusion: By integrating individualized MI coaching sessions for young adults with separate group therapy sessions for parents and young adults, the updated Launching! to Adulthood therapy program has the potential to support young adults with NDDs and their families during the transition to adulthood.
Cognitive mechanisms of being imitated
Authors: Wicher Paula , Farmer Harry , Hamilton Antonia
Published: December 2023

Being mimicked (BeMim) arises when one person copies the actions or choices of another person, and several studies link BeMim to liking and affiliation. BeMim effects might occur for matching of motor actions but have also been reported for the imitation of preferences and values. In this chapter, we discuss various approaches to studying BeMim, from live interactions to controlled methods in the lab and from virtual reality to observation studies. We suggest that the fundamental cognitive mechanisms that support BeMim effects are still unknown and it is not yet clear if various BeMim paradigms tap the same cognitive mechanisms. Three possible neurocognitive models of BeMim are considered: a specialised BeMim model; a universal model which is domain-general based on cognitive predictability and a social learning model. The latter seems to be the most promising based on the current evidence. We highlight the non-monotonic character of the BeMim effects – there may be a ‘sweet spot’ where BeMim has positive consequences but too much or too little mimicry can mean that the mimicker’s action is judged negatively rather than positively. People also dislike mimickers if they have an awareness of being mimicked by them. Finally, we discuss the gaps in the BeMim literature that must be addressed to move the BeMim field forward.
Horror Vacui: Racial Misalignment, Symbolic Repair and Imperial Legitimation in German National Socialist Portrait Photography
Authors: Skarpelis Anna Katharina Mosha
Published: December 2023

Racial purity and supremacy were core to Nazi Germany’s claims to European dominion. At the same time, their very own “racial scientific” research showed that most Germans were “mixed-race.” Given the dissonance between phenotypical aspirations to a Nordic ideal and the reality of a largely non-blond German population, how did the National Socialist regime maintain legitimacy to rule? Anthropologists, bureaucrats and artists resolved this racial misalignment through horror vacui racialization, an excessive social classification that manifested as a racializing turn inwards aimed at Christian Germans. I theorize the role of culture and art in stabilizing race-based rule in authoritarian and colonial contexts through racial repair that realigns desired and actual racial self-understandings. The article shows how an ostensibly biologically essentialist regime strategically used racial relativism in science, politics and popular culture. I outline the sociological implications for the sociologies of culture; race and ethnicity; theories of the state and of empire and science and technology studies.
Wildlife Hunting Behaviors and Motivations Across the Eastern Mekong Biodiversity Hotspot
Authors: Davis Elizabeth , Crudge Brian , Lim Thona , Cao Dung , Roth Vichet , Vongsa Sone , Cao Trung
Published: December 2023

Wildlife populations continue to decline across the Eastern Mekong Biodiversity Hotspot of Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. Pervasive and unsustainable hunting has been identified as a significant driver of this conservation challenge. Previous research has argued that hunting persists in the region due to the income hunters derive from selling wildlife, with poor enforcement as a contributing factor. Here, we use an exploratory, ethnographic approach of detailed semi-structured interviews to understand the complex motivations and influences that drove and continue to drive forest-adjacent individuals and communities to hunt in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. We found that hunters across the three sites were not motivated to hunt by the income received from wildlife, even in the past. Instead, one motivation for hunting, which to our knowledge has not been directly reported elsewhere, was for social enjoyment with friends. Hunting motivated by subsistence needs is challenging to address due to convergence with issues around agency and poverty, but hunting motivated by a social reason may be more easily targeted through behavior change initiatives. We suggest such initiatives may also be likely to resonate due to hunters being in support of stricter policies to limit hunting, across sites. Hunters in Cambodia and Laos also suggested supplying alternative livelihoods to limit still on-going subsistence hunting. Reliance on enforcement efforts alone is not sufficient, per other research which has shown continued decline in wildlife at our study sites in these countries. We conclude by advocating for greater engagement with and by forest-adjacent communities to increase agency and ensure local insights and ideas are incorporated into conservation planning, and impactful conservation initiatives.
Reflexivity as a transformative capacity for sustainability science: Introducing a critical systems approach
Authors: Lazurko Anita , Moore Michele-Lee , Haider Jamila , West Simon , McCarthy Daniel D. P.
Published: December 2023

Transdisciplinary sustainability science is increasingly applied to study transformative change. Yet, transdisciplinary research involves diverse actors who hold contrasting and sometimes conflicting perspectives and worldviews. Reflexivity is cited as a crucial capacity for navigating the resulting challenges, yet notions of reflexivity are often focused on individual researcher reflections that lack explicit links to the collective transdisciplinary research process and predominant modes of inquiry in the field. This gap presents the risk that reflexivity remains on the periphery of sustainability science and becomes ‘unreflexive’, as crucial dimensions are left unacknowledged. Our objective was to establish a framework for reflexivity as a transformative capacity in sustainability science through a critical systems approach. We developed and refined the framework through a rapid scoping review of literature on transdisciplinarity, transformation, and reflexivity, and reflection on a scenario study in the Red River Basin (US, Canada). The framework characterizes reflexivity as the capacity to nurture a dynamic, embedded, and collective process of self-scrutiny and mutual learning in service of transformative change, which manifests through interacting boundary processes – boundary delineation, interaction, and transformation. The case study reflection suggests how embedding this framework in research can expose boundary processes that block transformation and nurture more reflexive and transformative research.
Observations on the US working definition for Long Covid as of May 2023
Authors: Perego Elisa
Published: December 2023

Patient-driven perspectives are of key importance for the development of efficacious case definitions of diseases. This issue has been brought to the fore by Long Covid, a disease entity identified, named and defined by those affected by the disease itself in the early COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, I provide a commentary on the US working definition (USG) for Long Covid as of May 2023. This article is a revised, written version, with bibliography, of my oral presentation for the “patient perspective panel” of the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) Committee Meeting 3 on “Examining the Working Definition for Long COVID”, to which I participated virtually on Friday 12 May 2023.In the first part of the article, I will offer some observations on the US working definition for Long Covid, as discussed at NASEM, in light of research, pathophysiology, and lived experience. In the second part, I will raise some pressing concerns that relevant stakeholders will want to consider while approaching Long Covid as a disease entity and as a concept. It is my hope the observations in this article will contribute to effective debates around definitions and guidelines for Long Covid
“Life would have been harder, harder and more in chaos, if there wasn’t internet”: Digital Inclusion among Newly Arrived Refugees in Australia during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Baganz Emilie , McMahon Tadgh , Khorana Sukhmani , Magee Liam , Culos Ingrid
Published: December 2023

Globally we are living through a continuing transition into the ‘information age’, where information and communication technology has transformed almost every aspect of people’s lives. The COVID-19 pandemic arguably accelerated this change. For refugees, as with other people, digital inclusion is arguably critical to social inclusion. This article seeks to better understand the digital inclusion of refugees during the COVID-19 pandemic, using data from two phases of research conducted in 2020 and 2021 with refugees who had recently resettled in Australia. Digital inclusion was mapped against three domains – access, affordability, and literacy – used in the annual Australian Digital Inclusion Index. Our research makes three contributions: it examines levels of digital inclusion among recently arrived refugees; it explores the relation of these levels to social links and bonds; and discusses differences within the sample according to gender, age, language group and type of digital inclusion.