bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Iterative Algorithm for Magnetic Motion Tracking
Authors: Schmidt Tobias , Hoffmann Johannes , Boueke Moritz , Bergholz Robert , Klinkenbusch Ludger , Schmidt Gerhard
Published: October 2024

Motion analysis is of great interest to a variety of applications, such as virtual and augmented reality and medical diagnostics. Hand movement tracking systems, in particular, are used as a human–machine interface. In most cases, these systems are based on optical or acceleration/angular speed sensors. These technologies are already well researched and used in commercial systems. In special applications, it can be advantageous to use magnetic sensors to supplement an existing system or even replace the existing sensors. The core of a motion tracking system is a localization unit. The relatively complex localization algorithms present a problem in magnetic systems, leading to a relatively large computational complexity. In this paper, a new approach for pose estimation of a kinematic chain is presented. The new algorithm is based on spatially rotating magnetic dipole sources. A spatial feature is extracted from the sensor signal, the dipole direction in which the maximum magnitude value is detected at the sensor. This is introduced as the “maximum vector”. A relationship between this feature, the location vector (pointing from the magnetic source to the sensor position) and the sensor orientation is derived and subsequently exploited. By modelling the hand as a kinematic chain, the posture of the chain can be described in two ways: the knowledge about the magnetic correlations and the structure of the kinematic chain. Both are bundled in an iterative algorithm with very low complexity. The algorithm was implemented in a real-time framework and evaluated in a simulation and first laboratory tests. In tests without movement, it could be shown that there was no significant deviation between the simulated and estimated poses. In tests with periodic movements, an error in the range of 1° was found. Of particular interest here is the required computing power. This was evaluated in terms of the required computing operations and the required computing time. Initial analyses have shown that a computing time of 3 μs per joint is required on a personal computer. Lastly, the first laboratory tests basically prove the functionality of the proposed methodology.
Direct Measurement of the Ciliary Sulcus Diameter Using Optical Coherence Tomography—Inter-Rater Variability
Authors: Eppig Timo , Seer Manuel , Martinez-Abad Antonio , Galvis Virgilio , Schütz Saskia , Tello Alejandro , Rombach Michiel C. , Alió Jorge L.
Published: October 2024

The determination of sulcus-to-sulcus measurements has been challenging due to the limitations of current approaches. Ultrasound methods are highly operator-dependent and require extensive training, while traditional optical devices cannot visualize structures posterior to the iris. However, modern optical anterior segment coherence tomography (AS-OCT) devices are changing this paradigm by identifying some anatomical landmarks posterior to the iris. This study evaluates the reproducibility of optical sulcus measurements in the context of sizing a novel accommodative intraocular lens (IOL). Preoperative OCT scans of patients scheduled for cataract surgery were analyzed regarding the dimensions of the ciliary sulcus using a custom scan method with a clinically available anterior segment optical coherence tomographer. Measurements were compared between two different readers, and various derived parameters were compared. The measurements by both readers were highly correlated (R2 > 0.96), and their agreement was excellent (mean difference 0.02 mm with 95% limits of agreement from −0.11 to 0.15 mm). In contrast, the sulcus diameter measurement did not agree well with automatically calculated values, such as the anterior chamber width or white-to-white. This leads to the conclusion that modern swept-source AS-OCT measurements of the ciliary sulcus dimensions are feasible, reproducible, and may be a clinically useful tool.
Sustaining Teacher Education During COVID-19: Challenges with Remote Teaching and Learning Faced by Preservice Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Rabaza Msebenzi , Enu Justice , Ngcobo Annatoria Zanele , Jhagroo Jyoti
Published: October 2024

Education institutions worldwide implemented remote teaching and learning to ensure the sustainability of their academic programmes and continuity of study. However, evidence from the literature revealed that remote teaching and learning posed challenges to teaching and learning. This study seeks to explore whether there is a relationship between remote teaching and learning and the challenges faced by preservice mathematics teachers when learning mathematics education during COVID-19. It focuses on remote teaching at four universities: two in South Africa, one in Ghana, and one in New Zealand. The study design followed a quantitative research approach, with 95 preservice mathematics teachers from the four universities randomly assigned to complete an online survey after signing informed consent forms. This study revealed two challenging factors facing preservice mathematics teachers during remote teaching and learning: data, and technological devices for learning. The findings revealed no significant difference (p < 0.000) between remote teaching and learning and the challenges faced by preservice mathematics teachers when learning during the COVID era. Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected, since p < 0.05. This study concludes that a significant relationship exists between accessibility to technological devices for learning as a challenge to preservice teachers and remote teaching and learning during COVID-19. It is recommended that appropriate technological devices are provided to assist preservice teachers to study mathematics education, thus ensuring continuing access to quality education.
Can ESG Disclosure Stimulate Corporations’ Sustainable Green Innovation Efforts? Evidence from China
Authors: Li Miao , Rasiah Rajah
Published: October 2024

The Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Composite Rating denotes corporations’ capability for supporting sustainable development activities, social responsibility, and transparent and ethical governance. It aims to inform investors and stakeholders about the company’s sustainability and social responsibility risks. ESG has increasingly become an informal yet significant driving force in promoting sustainable green innovation within the diversified co-governance environmental management system. This paper examines the dynamic relationship between ESG performance and sustainable green innovation practices in Chinese A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2022. The results show a positive correlation between ESG performance and the level of corporate sustainable green innovation. They also validate the moderating roles of informal external pressure and internal development demands. While the moderating effect of public environmental concern (PEC) is not significant, corporate digital transformation (CDT) significantly and positively moderates the relationship between ESG performance and sustainable green innovation. These findings offer policymakers and corporations a means to formulate a framework to shape the conduct of corporations to meet the market’s green development needs and to establish instruments that promote green innovation.
Construction 5.0 and Sustainable Neuro-Responsive Habitats: Integrating the Brain–Computer Interface and Building Information Modeling in Smart Residential Spaces
Authors: Almusaed Amjad , Yitmen Ibrahim , Almssad Asaad , Myhren Jonn Are
Published: October 2024

This study takes a unique approach by investigating the integration of Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) within residential architecture. It explores their combined potential to foster neuro-responsive, sustainable environments within the framework of Construction 5.0. The methodological approach involves real-time BCI data and subjective evaluations of occupants’ experiences to elucidate cognitive and emotional states. These data inform BIM-driven alterations that facilitate adaptable, customized, and sustainability-oriented architectural solutions. The results highlight the ability of BCI–BIM integration to create dynamic, occupant-responsive environments that enhance well-being, promote energy efficiency, and minimize environmental impact. The primary contribution of this work is the demonstration of the viability of neuro-responsive architecture, wherein cognitive input from Brain–Computer Interfaces enables real-time modifications to architectural designs. This technique enhances built environments’ flexibility and user-centered quality by integrating occupant preferences and mental states into the design process. Furthermore, integrating BCI and BIM technologies has significant implications for advancing sustainability and facilitating the design of energy-efficient and ecologically responsible residential areas. The study offers practical insights for architects, engineers, and construction professionals, providing a method for implementing BCI–BIM systems to enhance user experience and promote sustainable design practices. The research examines ethical issues concerning privacy, data security, and informed permission, ensuring these technologies adhere to moral and legal requirements. The study underscores the transformational potential of BCI–BIM integration while acknowledging challenges related to data interoperability, integrity, and scalability. As a result, ongoing innovation and rigorous ethical supervision are crucial for effectively implementing these technologies. The findings provide practical insights for architects, engineers, and industry professionals, offering a roadmap for developing intelligent and ethically sound design practices.
Status and Enhancement Techniques of Plastic Waste Degradation in the Environment: A Review
Authors: Niu Yulong , Pan Fengying , Shen Kailiang , Yang Xingfeng , Niu Shiyu , Xu Xinyan , Zhou Hongyi , Fu Qiang , Li Xiaowei
Published: October 2024

Plastic waste has been gradually accumulating in the environment due to rapid population growth and increasing consumer demand, posing threats to both the environment and human health. In this overview, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the degradation of plastics in real environments, such as soil, aquatic environment, landfill, and compost. Both conventional and biodegradable plastics exhibit limited degradation in real environments, except for biodegradable plastics during industrial composting with high thermophilic temperatures. Meanwhile, we also review techniques for enhanced degradation of plastics such as physical technologies (e.g., photocatalysis, mechanical degradation, and pyrolysis), chemical technologies (e.g., hydrolysis, alcoholysis, ammonia, strong oxidation, and supercritical fluids), and biotechnologies (e.g., microorganisms, microfauna, and microalgae). The future research directions for the enhancement of plastic degradation are also discussed, such as the establishment of equivalency standards, adoption of internal control techniques, the control of precise recycling of plastic products, and the ecotoxicology of their degradation products. Therefore, this review comprehensively summarizes the state of plastic degradation in real environments and proposes methods to improve plastic degradation, providing a theoretical basis for the future control and disposal of plastics.
Performance Evaluation of Sponge Anaerobic Baffled Reactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Ullah Nadeem , Sheikh Zeshan , Ahmad Owais , Khan Sher Jamal
Published: October 2024

The anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is a decentralized treatment system that is commonly used for municipal wastewater treatment. Slower growth rate of anaerobic microorganisms requires extended hydraulic retention time (HRT), leading to a larger bioreactor volume. In this study, polyurethane sponge sheets were provided in a six-compartment ABR for retention and growth of biomass to improve its treatment performance at shorter HRTs. Polyurethane sponge was selected for its low cost, durability, availability, easy emplacement, and high voidage. The sponge anaerobic baffled reactor (SABR) was operated within a temperature range of 35 ± 1 °C at HRTs of 18, 12, 8, and 6 h to evaluate its treatment performance. Average removal efficiencies ranged from 60–77% for organics, 74–81% for total suspended solids (TSS), 50–66% for total nitrogen (TN), and 47–57% for total phosphorus (TP). The shortest HRT was 8 h with average removal efficiencies of 74, 63, 64, and 52% for organics, TSS, TN, and TP, respectively, to meet effluent discharge limits. With the shortest HRT of 8 h, the SABR demonstrated low volume requirements, thereby making it an efficient solution for decentralized wastewater treatment, particularly advantageous for developing countries with warm climates.
Factors Driving Consumption Preferences for Fresh Mango and Mango-Based Products in Italy and Brazil
Authors: Dos Santos Moreira Daiana , Nicolosi Agata , Laganà Valentina Rosa , Di Gregorio Donatella , Agosteo Giovanni Enrico
Published: October 2024

In many European countries the consumption of tropical fruit is constantly growing, and people are increasingly turning to diets rich in fruit and vegetables. In this context, mango is considered a super-food for its nutritional medium-high energy value. Produced mainly in developing countries, tropical fruits animate an interesting international market. Production in Mediterranean countries is also growing and is increasingly requested in European markets. The aim of this work is to investigate the factors that drive the inclination to purchase fresh mango and mango food and drinks in Italy and Brazil in order to observe consumer preferences in the two countries. The personal experiences, motivations and choices of consumers regarding fresh mango and mango-based products were taken into consideration. Through an online survey, a semi-structured questionnaire was administered in Italy and Brazil which led to a total sample of 453 participants. The data were statistically analyzed, and a PLS-SEM model was used to empirically examine the factors influencing the consumption of fresh mango and mango food and drinks. The research hypotheses are all supported. For a comparison between the two countries, a multigroup analysis (PLS-MGA) was performed. In Italy, consumers are attentive to the quality and safety of the fruit; they choose the point of sale where they buy fresh mango or mango foods because they trust the seller to guarantee the fruit’s origin and transformation. In Brazil, new consumer trends are emerging especially in gastronomy; since they are local foods, they are considered safe, sustainable and healthy by consumers. The study addresses a little-explored topic and aims to enrich the debate on consumer orientations, preferences and reasons for buying mango and mango products.
Reducing Successive Interference Cancellation Iterations in Hybrid Beamforming Multiuser Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output Systems Through Grouping Users with Symmetry Channels
Authors: Rehab Hashem Khaled , Rogozhnikov Eugeniy , Savenko Kirill , Mukhamadiev Semen , Kryukov Yakov , Pokamestov Dmitriy
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of advanced beamforming techniques tailored for millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) communication systems. In response to the burgeoning demand for higher data rates, coupled with the constraints of power consumption and hardware complexity, this study focuses on developing a hybrid beamforming framework optimized for downlink scenarios, specifically targeting groups of users based on the approximate symmetry of their channels. The primary innovation of this research lies in leveraging the symmetry of channels among near users to develop a group-based successive interference cancellation (SIC) algorithm. Unlike traditional approaches that address interference on a per-user basis, this algorithm utilizes channel symmetry within clusters of users to reduce computational complexity and improve the efficiency of SIC. By grouping users with symmetrical channel characteristics, the algorithm simplifies the interference management process while maintaining system performance. The proposed system demonstrates notable advantages over existing non-linear algorithms through extensive simulations and performance evaluations, particularly in terms of spectral efficiency and computational complexity. In this study, we further emphasize the importance of balancing spectral efficiency improvements with reduced computational demands, offering a nuanced trade-off that accommodates various operational requirements. The flexible optimization framework provided showcases the system’s adaptability to diverse deployment scenarios and network configurations.
Significance of Initial Chest CT Severity Score (CTSS) and Patient Characteristics in Predicting Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Single Center Study
Authors: Milenkovic Aleksandra , Nikolic Simon , Elek Zlatan , Aritonovic Pribakovic Jelena , Ilic Aleksandra , Bulatovic Kristina , Gasic Milos , Jaksic Bojan , Stojanovic Milan , Miljkovic Jaksic Dusica , Kostic Arijeta , Krivcevic Nikolcevic Roksanda , Balovic Aleksandra , Petrović Filip
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the prognostic role of initial chest computed tomography severity score index (CTSS) and its association with demographic, socio-epidemiological, and clinical parameters in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. A retrospective study included patients who were hospitalized in the COVID Hospital of the Clinical Hospital Center Kosovska Mitrovica from July 2020 to March 2022. We compared patient characteristics and outcome of their hospital stay with values of CT severity score (mild, moderate, and severe form of the disease). Patients with severe disease were statistically significantly older, they treated more days, and they presented statistically significant highest mortality rate compared to mild and moderate forms. Smokers and obese were significantly more frequent among patients with higher CT, while vaccinated patients were more common among those with a mild form. Biochemical parameters at admission also showed statistical significance between the examined groups. We can conclude that by employing the initial CT severity score as the strongest predictor of mortality, it is possible to predict the outcome in hospitalized patients. A comprehensive examination of the patient upon admission, including determining the extent of inflammatory changes in the lungs using computed tomography, the levels of oxygen saturation, and other laboratory parameters, can assist doctors in making an adequate clinical evaluation and apply appropriate therapeutic protocols in the treatment of COVID-19.
Zoonotic Paramyxoviruses: Evolution, Ecology, and Public Health Strategies in a Changing World
Authors: Branda Francesco , Pavia Grazia , Ciccozzi Alessandra , Quirino Angela , Marascio Nadia , Matera Giovanni , Romano Chiara , Locci Chiara , Azzena Ilenia , Pascale Noemi , Sanna Daria , Casu Marco , Ceccarelli Giancarlo , Ciccozzi Massimo , Scarpa Fabio
Published: October 2024

The family Paramyxoviridae includes a number of negative RNA viruses known for their wide host range and significant zoonotic potential. In recent years, there has been a surge in the identification of emerging zoonotic paramyxoviruses, particularly those hosted by bat species, which serve as key reservoirs. Among these, the genera Henipavirus and Pararubulavirus are of particular concern. Henipaviruses, including the highly pathogenic Hendra and Nipah viruses, have caused severe outbreaks with high mortality rates in both humans and animals. In contrast, zoonotic pararubulaviruses such as the Menangle virus typically induce mild symptoms or remain asymptomatic in human hosts. This review summarizes current knowledge on the evolution, ecology, and epidemiology of emerging zoonotic paramyxoviruses, focusing on recently discovered viruses and their potential to cause future epidemics. We explore the molecular mechanisms underlying host-switching events, viral replication strategies, and immune evasion tactics that facilitate interspecies transmission. In addition, we discuss ecological factors influencing virus emergence, including changes in bat populations and habitats and the role of wildlife–human interfaces. We also examine the public health impact of these emerging viruses, underlining the importance of enhanced surveillance, developing improved diagnostic tools, and implementing proactive strategies to prevent potential outbreaks. By providing a comprehensive overview of recent advances and gaps in knowledge, this review aims to inform future research directions and public health policies related to zoonotic paramyxoviruses.
Predicting Immunogenic Epitopes Variation of Envelope 2 Gene Among Chikungunya Virus Clonal Lineages by an In Silico Approach
Authors: Cho Sung-Yeon , Lee Dong-Gun , Park Jung Yeon , Kim Won-Bok , Lee Raeseok , Nho Dukhee , Oh Eun-Jee , Lee Hyeyoung , Park Chulmin
Published: October 2024

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), responsible for a mosquito-borne viral illness, has rapidly spread worldwide, posing a significant global health threat. In this study, we explored the immunogenic variability of CHIKV envelope 2 (E2), a pivotal component in the anti-CHIKV immune response, using an in silico approach. After extracting the representative sequence types of the CHIKV E2 antigen, we predicted the structure-based B-cell epitopes and MHC I and II binding T-cell epitopes. Variations in key T-cell epitopes were further analyzed using molecular docking simulations. We extracted 258 E2 gene sequences from a pool of 1660 blast hits, displaying homology levels ranging from 93.6% to 100%. This revealed 44 sequence types, each representing a unique genetic variant. Phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct geographically distributed clonal lineages (clades I-IV). The B-cell linear and discontinuous epitopes demonstrated a similar distribution across the E2 protein of different strains, spanning domains A, B, and C, with some slight variations. Moreover, T-cell epitope prediction revealed eight conserved MHC class I hot spots and three MHC II hot spots, displaying variations among lineages. Among clade II strains, there were significant variations (N5H, S118G, G194S, L248F/S, and I255V/T) observed in epitopes, distinct from strains belonging to other lineages. Additionally, molecular docking showed that variations in MHC I epitopes across clonal lineages induced changes in the structure of the peptide–MHC complexes, potentially resulting in immunogenic disparities. We expect that this in silico approach will serve as a complementary tool to experimental platforms for exploring immunogenic variation or developing biomarkers for vaccine design and other related studies.
An Alarming Eastward Front of Cassava Mosaic Disease in Development in West Africa
Authors: Combala Mariam , Pita Justin S. , Gbonamou Michel , Samura Alusaine Edward , Amoakon William J.-L. , Kouakou Bekanvié S. M. , Onile-ere Olabode , Sawadogo Seydou , Eboulem Guy R. , Otron Daniel H. , Seka John Steven S. , Eni Angela , Ndougonna Cyrielle , Tiendrébéogo Fidèle
Published: October 2024

Begomoviruses are a major threat to cassava production in Africa. Indeed, during the 1990s, the emergence of a recombinant begomovirus (East African cassava mosaic virus-Uganda, EACMV-Ug) resulted in crop devastation and severe famine in Uganda. In 2023, during a pre-survey of cassava farms at Forécariah, South-West Guinea, 22 samples showing peculiar cassava mosaic disease (CMD) symptoms were collected, and subsequent laboratory analysis confirmed the presence of EACMV-Ug in the samples. Deep analysis of DNA-A and DNA-B of the EACMV-Ug isolates from Guinea indicated that they are similar to those associated with the severe CMD epidemic in Uganda in the 1990s. Therefore, a country-wide survey was conducted throughout Guinea in April 2024 to evaluate the extent of the spread of EACMV-Ug in the country and to collect critical CMD epidemiological data. Findings showed a high whitefly population in Lower Guinea averaging 17 per plant; however, the data suggest a spread of EACMV-Ug via infected cuttings. High CMD incidence was found in Lower Guinea and Forest Guinea, whereas the highest CMD severity was observed in Forest Guinea (2.70 ± 0.06) and the lowest CMD severity was found in Middle Guinea (2.20 ± 0.05). Several cases of double and triple infections involving African cassava mosaic virus, East African cassava mosaic virus, East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus, and EACMV-Ug were observed. EACMV-Ug was detected throughout Guinea, as well as from samples collected in 2022 in Kambia (Sierra Leone). The 63 accessions cultivated in Guinea that were assessed in this study were found susceptible to at least one of the viruses cited above. This study alerts us to an alarming situation in development in West Africa and provides scientific evidence to guide the rapid response needed to contain and stop the progression of EACMV-Ug in West Africa.
Variation Characteristics of Actual Evapotranspiration and Uncertainty Analysis of Its Response to Local Climate Change in Arid Inland Region of China
Authors: Liu Hui , Zhang Xu , Wang Rongrong , Cui Zhengyan , Song Xiaoyu
Published: October 2024

Exploring the variation characteristics of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and its response to climate change in the arid inland region of China is of great significance for strengthening regional water resources management and maintaining ecological environment security and stability. Taking the Dulan River Basin as the research area, based on the meteorological data from the Wulan Station and hydrological data from the Shanggaba Station from 1981 to 2020, the variation characteristics of ETa at the annual scale were analyzed. The ETa estimation model and joint distribution model of P and potential evapotranspiration (ET0) was constructed based on climate factors, and the uncertainty of ETa response to climate change was explored with the water balance method, multiple linear regression, marginal distribution function, Copula function, and Monte Carlo algorithm. The results showed that the multi-year mean value of ETa in the study area was 261.6 mm, and the interannual process showed an insignificant upward trend, and had no abrupt change during the period. There were two obvious main cycles, which were 19-year periodic changes on the 30-year time scale and 6-year periodic changes on the 9-year time scale. The ETa estimation model based on precipitation (P) and ET0 had good simulation accuracy. The optimal marginal distributions of P and ET0 were Pearson-III (P-III) distribution and Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution, respectively. The Copula joint distribution probability density of P and ET0 was a symmetric saddle-shaped distribution. ETa showed an inverted ‘S’ distribution with the change in joint guarantee rate of P and ET0, ranging from 116.9 mm to 498.6 mm. ETa was an interval range under a certain joint guarantee rate. The research results can provide support for the assessment of ETa, and help to further understand the driving mechanism of climate change on ETa in the arid inland region of China.
Deep Learning Ensemble for Flood Probability Analysis
Authors: Sseguya Fred , Jun Kyung-Soo
Published: October 2024

Predicting flood events is complex due to uncertainties from limited gauge data, high data and computational demands of traditional physical models, and challenges in spatial and temporal scaling. This research innovatively uses only three remotely sensed and computed factors: rainfall, runoff and temperature. We also employ three deep learning models—Feedforward Neural Network (FNN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)—along with a deep neural network ensemble (DNNE) using synthetic data to predict future flood probabilities, utilizing the Savitzky–Golay filter for smoothing. Using a hydrometeorological dataset from 1993–2022 for the Nile River basin, six flood predictors were derived. The FNN and LSTM models exhibited high accuracy and stable loss, indicating minimal overfitting, while the CNN showed slight overfitting. Performance metrics revealed that FNN achieved 99.63% accuracy and 0.999886 ROC AUC, CNN had 95.42% accuracy and 0.893218 ROC AUC, and LSTM excelled with 99.82% accuracy and 0.999967 ROC AUC. The DNNE outperformed individual models in reliability and consistency. Runoff and rainfall were the most influential predictors, while temperature had minimal impact.
Cross Comparison of GALDIT Method Application in Three Costal Aquifers in Greece
Authors: Zagana Eleni , Papailiopoulou Maria , Mylonas Anastasios , Giannakea Artemis Maria , Pouliaris Christos
Published: October 2024

Seawater intrusion into Greece’s coastal aquifers is a prevalent issue. The Greek coastline extends for 15,147 km. Once groundwater sources become contaminated, remediation methods are often challenging, costly, and protracted. This study focuses on three coastal aquifer systems in the Peloponnese region. Initially, the main ions and cations were determined for these aquifers. Hydrochemical analyses revealed elevated concentrations of Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, SO42−, and Cl−, indicating a significant impact from seawater intrusion. The study evaluates the vulnerability of groundwater to this intrusion. Utilizing Geographical Information Systems (GIS) software (ArcGISPro), maps were created to illustrate each parameter of the GALDIT method. The acronym GALDIT encapsulates the main elements influencing seawater intrusion. Each parameter is analyzed as follows: Groundwater occurrence (including the following aquifer types: unconfined, confined, and leaky confined), Aquifer hydraulic conductivity, depth to groundwater Level above the sea, Distance from the shore (inland distance perpendicular from shoreline), Impact of existing status of sea water intrusion in the area, and Thickness of the aquifer. The final map that emerged from this study shows their vulnerability to seawater intrusion in Peloponnese. Notably, Larissos exhibits lower vulnerability in contrast to the seawater incursion in the other two groundwater systems.
IMMUNOLOGICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL STATUS PROFILE IN TUBERCULOSIS-HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS COINFECTED PATIENTS
Authors: Fajrunni'mah Rizana , Febriyana Niniek Dwi
Published: October 2024

Infeksi oleh Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) merupakan masalah di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah infeksi oportunistik tersering pada penderita AIDS. Status imun pada penderita terinfeksi HIV dapat dinilai melalui pemeriksaan jumlah absolut limfosit T CD4+, dan ini merupakan standar untuk menilai dan menentukan derajat imunodefisiensi. Penurunan progresif limfosit T CD4+ berhubungan dengan progresifitas penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui profil status imunologis yang dilihat dari jumlah CD4 dan hematologi yang dilihat dari jumlah leukosit, hitung jenisnya, hemoglobin, laju endap darah, dan trombosit. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kuantitatif dengan desain analitik observasional (cross sectional).Jumlah data yang diambil sebanyak 45 data. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis korelasi. Jumlah CD4+ pasien ko-infeksi TB-HIV terbanyak menunjukkan  imunodefisiensi berat (jumlah CD4+ <200 sel/ mm3) yaitu 73,3% pasien dengan rerata 118,4 sel/ mm3. Terdapat 86,5% mengalami anemia. Hitung jumlah dan jenis leukosit terbanyak yaitu jumlah leukosit normal sebanyak 59,5%, sebanyak 61,5% mengalami neutrofilia, sebanyak 65,4% mengalami limfopenia, monosit dalam rentang normal yaitu sebesar 57,7%. Sebanyak 73,7% mengalami peningkatan dengan rerata laju endap darah pasien mencapai 46,58 mm/jam. Jumlah trombosit terbanyak dalam rentang normal yaitu sebesar 68,6%. Terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara kadar hemoglobin, hitung jumlah neutrofil, limfosit, dan monosit dengan hitung jumlah CD4+ dengan nilai p berturut-turut yaitu 0,001; 0,000; 0,000; 0,012. Status imunologis dan hematologi pasien koinfeksi TB-HIV mengalami penurunan, dan terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara kedua profil tersebut, sehingga perlu meningkatkan pemeriksaan laboratorium secara menyeluruh.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN HIGIENE DAN SANITASI PENJAMAH MAKANAN DI PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Nasution Andreanda , Septiana Henni Rizki , Putri Pramita Ariawati
Published: October 2024

Large-scale food processing in Islamic boarding schools has the potential to be carried out unhygienically and can cause disease. So it is important to know the hygiene knowledge of food handlers in Islamic boarding schools. This research aimed to describe the hygiene and sanitation knowledge of food handlers at the Darul Fallah Agricultural Islamic Boarding School. The research was conducted in February 2023 using interview guides, observation guides, field notebooks and cameras. Primary data was obtained through a questionnaire interview with 15 questions. Data analysis was done based on the scoring system and data presentation was done in the form of data tabulation.The Darul Fallah Bogor Islamic Boarding School manages the provision of food independently, including purchasing, cleaning, storing, processing, maintaining kitchen cleanliness and serving. Food is served buffet style, and leftovers are taken home. The interviews showed that three respondents knew about diseases transmitted through food, while one respondent only knew about diarrhea. In conclusion, school hygiene and sanitation knowledge is generally sufficient, with little knowledge of human and food factors. The food handlers at the Darul Fallah Agricultural Islamic Boarding School have sufficient knowledge of hygiene and sanitation, including clean uniforms, clean hair, nails, hands, and the prohibition of smoking. However, they lack knowledge about food and place factors, such as proper serving and storage temperatures as well as kitchen and canteen facilities.
EFEKTIVITAS MENGONSUMSI OBAT ANTIRETROVIRAL DALAM MENURUNKAN ANGKA VIRAL LOAD PADA ODHA
Authors: Fahrani Chantika Lailatussa'adah , Romadi Romadi , Nuswantoro Ari , Wahdaniah Wahdaniah , Aditia Aditia
Published: October 2024

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has infected many people throughout the world. In Indonesia alone, around 540,000 people have been infected with HIV and are living with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Until now, antiretroviral drug therapy (ARV) is the best choice which aims to reduce the risk of transmission, prevent worsening due to opportunistic infections, improve the quality of life of sufferers, and reduce the amount of virus (viral load) in the blood until it is undetectable. The aim of this study was to explain the effectiveness of taking ARV drugs in reducing viral load rates in patients at the Tulipe Clinic, M. Th. Hospital. Djaman, Sanggau Regency. This is a non-experimental quantitative research with a cross-sectional design. Sampling technique using purposive sampling, with the criteria applied, namely that respondents are ODHA or patients who have been diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, have undergone ARV therapy for at least six months, and are willing to become respondents so that a total of 89 people during 2022 – 2023 were obtained. The results of the study showed that the duration of taking ARVs ranged from 6 to 98 months, the viral load number was 14 - 35,400 copies/ml. The Spearman test obtained a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), which means that taking ARV medication is effective in reducing viral load rates in Tulipe Clinic patients at M. Th. Hospital. Djaman, Sanggau Regency. Based on the results, it is expected that future studies can measure viral load along with molecular immunological parameters such as cytokine and antibody levels.
INCREASING NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND FIBER INTAKE OF OVERWEIGHT ADOLESCENTS THROUGH WEB GAME-BASED BALANCED NUTRITION TUMPENG
Authors: Buamona Nur Sitra , Anantanyu Sapja , Suminah Suminah
Published: October 2024

Prevalensi kegemukan pada remaja berdasarkan data Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia  meningkat dari 2013 sebesar 7,3% menjadi 9,5% pada tahun 2018. Masalah gizi perlu diperhatikan karena hal ini dapat berlanjut hingga dewasa serta menyebabkan terjadinya penyakit tidak menular. Salah satu penyebab kegemukan pada remaja karena asupan makanan yang berlebihan, kurangnya pengetahuan gizi dan kurangnya asupan serat yang bersumber utama dari buah dan sayuran. Pendidikan gizi merupakan langkah untuk menambah pengetahuan dan meningkatkan asupan serat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan serta meningkatkan asupan serat remaja. Metode yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen pada 84 siswa SMA. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Februari-Maret 2022 di empat SMA Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan perlakuan pre-post test. Pengukuran pengetahuan responden menggunakaan Google form kuesioner dan formulir food record 3 x 24 jam. Analisa data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan uji Mann whitney. Hasil rata-rata tingkat pengetahuan responden pada kelompok kontrol sebelum diberikan penyuluhan dalam kategori baik sebanyak 11.9% Sesudah diberikan penyuluhan, terjadi peningkatan 40.5% p=0.002.Hasil rata-rata tingkat pengetahuan responden pada kelompok perlakuan sebelum diberikan perlakuan adalah kategori baik 14.3% dan sesudah diberikan perlakuan terjadi peningkatan sebanyak 71,4% dengan p=0.01. Hasil rata-rata asupan serat responden pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi adalah kategori kurang dengan persentase 100% yang artinya tidak terdapat perubahan pada masing-masing kelompok dengan p=0,142 (kelompok perlakuan) dan p=0,082 (kelompok kontrol).  Dapat disimpulkan bahwa game tumpeng gizi seimbang berbasis web mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi namun tidak merubah asupan serat responden.
VIDEO ANIMASI DAN PPT DAPAT MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KONSUMSI SAYUR DAN BUAH PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Priawantiputri Witri , Mahmudah Umi , Rahmat Mamat , Rahmawati Risa
Published: October 2024

Good nutritional intake is very important to support the growth and development of school-aged children. However, consumption of vegetables and fruit among school-aged children is very low. Therefore, educational media is needed to influence knowledge, attitudes and behavior in consuming vegetables and fruit. This research aimed to determine the effect of nutrition education using video on knowledge, attitudes and consumption of vegetables and fruit. This research was an experimental research with a quasi experimental design with pre test - post test with a sample of 62 grade 4 students at Pasirkaliki 156 Elementary School Bandung. Analysis of mean differences before and after intervention used Wilcoxon Test (data is not normally distributed). Mann Whitney test was used to see the difference between control and treatment groups (P<0.05 and CI 95%). There was a significant difference in students' knowledge scores between before and after being given nutrition education in the two groups. In this study, there was an increase in the average knowledge score of 2.94 points in the treatment group and 2.35 points in the control group. Attitude score average was increase 3.29 points in treatment group and 3.29 points in control group. However, changes in the average consumption of vegetables and fruit in the treatment group were lower than the control group. The research showed that animated video and power point media can be used to increase elementary school students' knowledge regarding vegetable and fruit consumption.
DAYA HAMBAT DARI EKSTRAK SARANG BURUNG WALET PADA PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS DAN PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS
Authors: Utami Ulfah , Putri Megananda Hiranya , Nurjanah Neneng , Eldarita Eldarita
Published: October 2024

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is one of the fastest growing global diseases of the 21st century, with its prevalence more than tripling in the last 20 years and affecting 10.5% of the world's population aged 20-79 years. In Indonesia, diabetes mellitus among 20-79 year olds is 10.6%. The most widely cultivated type of swallow nest is Collocatia fuciphaga. Collocatia fuciphaga is a species of bird that produces nests from its white saliva. Swallow's nest contains sialic acid which is only produced from saliva, calcium, glycoproteins and Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), one of the benefits of which is to accelerate wound healing. The study aimed to determine the inhibition of swallow's nest extract on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria. The swallow's nest extract test used an experimental design approach, namely conducting laboratory tests. The initial stage was to make swallow's nest extract by maceration technique using 96% ethanol solvent (the aim is to get anti-bacterial active substances, namely D-Galactose and Sialic acid contained in swallow's nest), the result of the extraction was a dry extract weighing 1.8195 grams which was then dissolved again using DMSO solution with concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The second stage is the swallow's nest extract test with the two test bacteria. The results of the swallow's nest extract test at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30% against Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria showed no inhibition. Future research could be further developed toward wound healing
DIABETES SELF MANAGEMENT TERHADAP HBA1C DAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA KELOMPOK PREDIABETES SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH INTERVENSI
Authors: Ali Kartini Muhamad , Muhammad Rusny
Published: October 2024

Prediabetes is a condition in which a person has blood glucose levels that are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be classified as diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of diabetes self-management on blood sugar and HbA1c levels in the prediabetes group before and after intervention in the Kalumpang Community Health Center working area, Ternate. This research uses the Pre-Experimental method (one-group pre-post test design with control). Based on the data, the number of samples in this study was 25 which included control and intervention groups with a total of 50 samples. Inclusion criteria are individuals who are willing to be respondents, cooperative individuals, individuals aged 45 – 54 years, individuals who are willing to fill out a 24 hour food recall questionnaire, individuals who have HbA1c levels: ≥5.7% - <6.5%, GDP : ≥100- <126 mg/dl and GD2PP :≥140- <200 mg/dl. Meanwhile, the exclusion criteria are individuals who are not willing to be respondents and individuals who are not cooperative. Data analysis to test the results of treatment before and after treatment used the Paired T-Test. The study's results showed a significant difference between the patient's blood sugar and HbA1c before and after the intervention. Compared with the control, there was a significant difference in blood sugar levels and HbA1c between the intervention and control groups. The main finding of this study is that diabetes self-management has an impact on HbA1c and blood sugar levels in the prediabetes group.
EFEKTIFITAS MODEL EDUKASI PRAKTIK PENGASUHAN TERHADAP OPTIMALISASI TUMBUH KEMBANG BALITA
Authors: Astuti Maya , Nurfurqoni Fuadah Ashri
Published: October 2024

In Indonesia, there are still many children who are cared for inappropriately, such as neglect and violence against children, toddlers receive inappropriate care (3.69%), and toddlers experience developmental disorders (16%), both fine and gross motor development, hearing and intelligence loss, and speech delay. The child's condition cannot grow and develop optimally. The research aims to analyze the influence of the parenting practice educational model on the knowledge and growth of children under five. The educational model implemented is the result of previous survey research, so it is more appropriate to conditions in the field. This research used a pre-experimental design in Bogor City on June-August 2023 with 40 respondents. Sample criteria are mothers who have children aged 12-60 months. There were 20 people in each intervention and control group. The intervention was given seven times face to face for seven weeks. The independent variable is the educational model of caring for mothers, and the dependent variable is knowledge of caring for mothers, growth, and toddlers. The results of the Mann-Whitney test showed that there was difference in the median post-test score between the intervention and control groups in the growth variables of 5.5 points (p0.003<0.05), development of 6 points (p0.005<0.05), and knowledge of parenting practices of 10 points (p0.006 < 0.05). These data show a significant influence between the model of implementing parenting education on growth and toddlers and parenting knowledge. More education needs to be done on parenting using various media to improve the growth and development of toddlers.
KAJIAN KEBIJAKAN IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA UNTUK MENGHASILKAN MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN REMAJA
Authors: Pandawa Rugaya Munawar , Djama Nuzliati T
Published: October 2024

It is hoped that the existence of a youth posyandu will become a forum for empowering teenagers, especially those who have limited access or geographical barriers such as remote areas, island areas, outermost or isolated areas. The aim of this research was to examine the policy of the Adolescent Reproductive Health (KRR) program implemented by the community health center and develop a policy model for adolescent empowerment. This policy study research is a qualitative study using interviews and FGDs to examine the implementation of the KRR program and the results can develop strategic policies. The researcher then conducted a Focus Group Discussion. Total of 16 posyandu from 8 community health centers in Morotai Island Regency were chosen as research locations. Data collection during August 2023. Only 4 community health centers have active posyandu (Daruba, Sangowo, Morodadi, and Tiley), 1 community health center (Wayabula) has joined Posbindu, 3 youth posyandu are integrated with the School Health Unit (UKS) program implemented in junior and senior high schools. Data analysis was carried out using theme analysis. Facilities and infrastructure have not been met according to standards and guidelines are incomplete at the youth posyandu. Most teenagers are less active in using youth Posyandu if it is implemented in villages compared to implementation in integrated schools with the UKS program. In conclusion, the achievement of the KRR program objectives has not been optimal. The development of a youth empowerment policy model is carried out based on the resulting policy brief.