bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relevant Classes of Weakly Picard Operators
Authors: Rus Ioan A.
Published: January 2017

In this paper we consider the following problems:

(1) Which weakly Picard operators satisfy a retraction- displacement condition? (2) For which weakly Picard operators the fixed point problem is well posed? (3) Which weakly Picard operators have Ostrowski property?

Some applications and open problems are also presented.
Import Competition and Post-displacement Wages in Korea: Whom You Trade with Matters
Authors: Kang Youngho , Im Hyejoon
Published: January 2017

Using longitudinal survey data from Korean workers, we examine whether the effects of import competition on post-displacement wages are heterogeneous between skilled and unskilled workers for trading partners with different endowments of (un)skilled labor. Reemployment wages of displaced workers show a decrease for skilled workers but an increase for unskilled ones when imports from an advanced country rise, whereas they decrease for unskilled workers but increase for skilled ones when imports from a developing country rise. The results provide support for the Stolper–Samuelson theorem.
Meet-the-competition clauses and the strategic disclosure of product quality
Authors: Troncoso-Valverde Cristián
Published: January 2017

I examine the implications of meet-the-competition clauses (MCCs) for the strategic disclosure of product quality in a duopoly in which sellers can adopt these clauses before setting their prices. I show that MCCs generate incentives for the disclosure of product quality because these clauses facilitate monopoly pricing in states of nature in which the quality of products is the same. This suggests that MCCs may encourage the disclosure of information because sellers can use them to coordinate their pricing decisions based on the information revealed through disclosure.
Temperature-dependent chlorophyll accumulation and photosystem II assembly during etioplast to chloroplast transition in sunflower cotyledons
Authors: Lepeduš Hrvoje , Jakopec Mario , Dunić Jasenka Antunović , Krizmanić Goran , Osmanović Sanida , Cesar Vera
Published: January 2017

Despite numerous data dealing with the biogenesis of photosynthetic membranes connected with specific functional alterations in higher plants this is still an insufficiently understood topic and is one of the most promising areas of research in plant biochemistry. The main goal of our study was to detect the impact of different temperatures on chlorophyll biosynthesis and the maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm). Therefore, we investigated the greening processes in etiolated sunflower cotyledons (Helianthus annuus L.) grown at different temperatures (10, 20 and 30 °C) during 24 h. The dynamics of chlorophyll a and b (Chl a and Chl b) accumulation as well as photosystem II (PSII) effi ciency were observed. We also evaluated combined effects of different temperatures (20 and 30 °C) and short-term application of increased irradiation (800 μmol m-2 s-1) on effective quantum yield of PSII (ΔF/F’m) and non photochemical quenching (NPQ) in cotyledons with fully developed PSII. Our results showed reduced chlorophyll accumulation and the arrest of PSII assembly at 10 °C in comparison with 20 and 30 °C. Further, the increased irradiance induced equal down regulation of effective quantum yield of PSII at 20 and 30 °C, with significantly higher capability of heat dissipation at 30 °C.
Hybrid Spectral Difference Methods for an Elliptic Equation
Authors: Jeon Youngmok , Park Eun-Jae , Shin Dong-wook
Published: January 2017

A locally conservative, hybrid spectral difference method (HSD) is presented and analyzed for the Poisson equation.
The HSD is composed of two types of finite difference approximations; the cell finite difference and the interface finite difference.
Embedded static condensation on cell interior unknowns considerably reduces the global couplings, resulting in the system of
equations in the cell interface unknowns only. A complete ellipticity analysis is provided.
The optimal order of convergence in the semi-discrete energy norms is proved. Several numerical results are given to show the
performance of the method, which confirm our theoretical findings.
Two new varieties in Stipa (Poaceae) from Central Asia
Authors: Nobis Marcin , Nowak Arkadiusz
Published: January 2017

The paper presents descriptions of two new taxa, Stipa ×brevicallosa var. hissarensis and Stipa orientalis var. ladakhorum. Both of them differ from the nominal varieties in having densely pubescent (not glabrous or scabrous) leaves of vegetative shoots. First of the above mentioned taxa occurs in Tajikistan (Pamir Alai Mts) whereas the second in India (Western Himalayas). Images of type specimens of both taxa are provided.
Small Towns in the Context of “Borrowed Size” and “Agglomeration Shadow” Debates: the Case of the South Moravian Region (Czech Republic)
Authors: Malý Jiří
Published: January 2017

Small towns play a key role in providing services for its wider hinterland. However, emerging economic importance of the largest agglomerations and increasing involvement of settlements in urban networks have transformed a relationship between the size of settlements and their expected urban function. In this context, the concepts of “borrowed size” and “agglomeration shadow” serve to explain the impact of network externalities on urban function but pay a little attention to service function of small towns. The paper aims at revealing the extent to which the provision of services is determined by location of small towns within a regional urban system strongly affected by a metropolitan area. The results show coexisting occurrence of the processes of borrowed size and agglomeration shadow and the importance of tourist and commercial attractiveness of particular places (towns) to final provision of services.
The Role of Small Towns in Local Place Making
Authors: Csurgó Bernadett , Megyesi Boldizsár
Published: January 2017

Self-promotion and reinterpretation of local identity is becoming increasingly important in rural communities. Local identity building is succeeded very differently by rural municipalities and regions. The paper analyses the role of small towns in local identity creation. There are varying interpretations of places in Hungary as ways of achieving meaningful territorialisation. Small towns based on their leading and central position within the micro regions can dominate the place-making processes. Using the example of six Hungarian rural micro-regions we analyse how rural small towns position themselves by local image building. The aim of this paper is to investigate interactions between territorial position and innovative capacity of rural towns through the analysis of symbolisation process and image building. We purpose to introduce a concept of a place oriented approach and demonstrate its usefulness for analysis of rural innovation and place-based development. The case-studies are based on qualitative methods: document-analysis, semi-structured interviews, transect walking and participatory observation. The paper analyses the process of local community and identity building in six rural micro-regions. We seek to understand how small towns position themselves in place-making, the aim of ‘placing’ themselves in the territorial hierarchy of the settlements of micro region. Our results suggest that small towns play very different roles in local image building. Characteristics and territorial scope of local cultural heritage significantly determine the innovative capacity of small towns in local image building where there is a wide range of meanings procedures and processes of place-making.
The usefulness of different wood species for bow manufacturing
Authors: Moliński Waldemar , Mania Przemysław , Tomczuk Gabriel
Published: January 2017

The aim of this study was to define the density and selected mechanical parameters of wood used for bow production at present, and in the past. Properties such as modulus of elasticity, bending strength and energy accumulation were determined for 11 species of wood. The analysis of results revealed that in the past, the wood used for the production of bows was not always most suitable for this application.
Molecular detection of oomycetes species in water courses
Authors: Oszako Tomasz , Sikora Katarzyna , Belbahri Lassaâd , Nowakowska Justyna A.
Published: January 2017

In Poland, about 20% of forest nurseries use irrigation water coming from natural superficial reservoirs, presumed to be the first source of infection caused by harmful pathogens belonging to the Oomycota class, especially Phytophthora genus and Pythium genus. The forest nursery is the only place where forest managers can react before pathogens leave it with asymptomatic plants or soil attached to their roots. The aim of this research was detection and identification phytopathogens in water samples. In order to recognise genus Phytophthora or Pythium in water collected from 33 places in five different forest districts in Poland, two DNA-based approaches of identification were applied: (i) the TaqMan probes, and (ii) sequencing of the ITS6/4 region.

The genomic DNA was obtained from 17 of 33 investigated water samples. TaqMan probes helped to identify 8 oomycetes present in 17 water samples. Based on ITS rDNA sequencing data, pathogens were identified in 17 cases, and this to the genus level (6 cases) and to the species level (11 cases). In total five Oomycetes species were identified, i.e. 3 Pythium species (Py. citrinum, Py. angustatum, Py. helicoides) and two Phytophthora species (P. lacustris sp. nov. - former taxon Salixsoil, P. gallica sp. nov.).
Austrian Economics, Market Process, and the EVA® Framework
Authors: Cachanosky Nicolás
Published: January 2017

In this paper I present a financial framework, known as Economic Value Added or EVA®, used to value firms and apply it to topics highlighted in the Austrian literature. In particular I contrast the market process emphasis in the Austrian literature with the neoclassical firm profit maximization and the role of Kirzner’s
Ethical Leadership: Meaning and Measurement. Latvian Retail Traders’ Perspective
Authors: Vēvere Velga , Liniņa Iveta
Published: January 2017

In the contemporary situation of ever-growing market internationalisation, local and global competition different company leadership aspects, especially ethical leadership, gain a special importance. It is possible to say that in theoretical literature, there is more or less consensual agreement upon the meaning of ethical leadership still regarding the evaluation models there are many models. Therefore, the main challenge is to determine the case sensitive model(s) for the industry or the type of business organisation. The goal of the article is to delineate theoretically and to test empirically amongst Latvian retail traders one of the models of evaluation (the one of the Executive Servant Leadership Scale, ESLS). The research questions are (1) What is the ranking of the ESLS first-order factors? and (2) What are the possible problem areas in the ethical leadership as seen by the Latvian retail traders? The authors of the present paper aspire to identify the problem areas out the future lines of investigation. The current research uses the following research methods: the monographic (the literature study related to the concept of ethical leadership and its evaluations models); expert interviews to narrow down the items to be tested; and the survey with the following factor analysis.
The Mutual Reciprocity of Education, Non-Formal Cultural Education and Social Capital
Authors: Igaune Edīte , Liepa-Balode Ilze , Hermane Agnese
Published: January 2017

Human knowledge and creative potential has become one of the most important driving forces of humanity progress. In the context of the twenty-first century, in order to create a high-quality culture environment, it requires a paradigm shift in education - the transition to education, which stimulates the imagination, intuition, emotions and creative ideas and develops critical thinking. Non-formal education and the skills and knowledge gained in it is still in evaluation and recognition phase in Latvia. It is still developing; therefore, it is important to create a clear understanding of the importance and social role of non-formal cultural education. The paper aims to explore the role of non-formal cultural education in strengthening social capital as well as to identify what social capital indicators can be attributed to non-formal cultural education programmes. The topicality of the study is determined by the fact that non-formal cultural education and social capital in the context of Latvia are little explored areas, as well as there is lack of research on mutual reciprocity. The study uses qualitative research methodology. Research analyses non-formal cultural education programmes of 10 subordinated institutions of Latvian Ministry of Culture (museums, theatres, concert institutions and opera) and on the basis of 19 in-depth and semi-structured interviews. Study contains new, theoretically based evaluation model of social capital and characterizes of indicators in the context of non-formal education. The study confirms that there is a mutual reciprocity between social capital and non-formal cultural education programmes, and these programmes have a positive and supportive role in strengthening both the individual and collective social capital.
Water circulation and recharge pathways of coastal lakes along the southern Baltic Sea in northern Poland
Authors: Cieśliński Roman , Chlost Izabela , Budzisz Marta
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this paper is to describe water circulation patterns for selected lakes found along the Baltic coast in northern Poland and to determine primary recharge mechanisms or pathways that produce an influx or loss of lake water. A secondary purpose of the paper is to determine the magnitude of recharge for each studied source of water – river water influx, surface runoff from direct catchments, forced influx from polders surrounding lakes, and periodic marine water intrusions from the nearby Baltic Sea. It is also important to determine the magnitude of water outflow from lakes to the sea via existing linkages as well as to compare horizontal influx and outflow data. The study area consisted of five lakes located along the Baltic Sea in northern Poland: Łebsko, Gardno, Bukowo, Kopań, Resko Przymorskie. The main driving force of the studied lakes are large rivers that drain lake catchment areas and periodic brackish water intrusions by the Baltic Sea.
The 2016 Elections: Impact on the Work of Charitable Nonprofits
Authors: Delaney Tim , Thompson David L.
Published: January 2017

Elections have consequences. This article analyzes the 2016 election results, previews how some of the policy decisions made across the multidimensional local, state, and federal levels of governments and made by officials across the executive, judicial, and legislative branches of governments could affect the work of charitable nonprofits and private foundations, and emphasizes that the advocacy function of nonprofits is going to be more important than ever in the foreseeable future.
Use of the synthetic index of agricultural environment quality for evaluation of soils degraded as a result of stone coal exploitation
Authors: Klatka Sławomir , Malec Magdalena , Ryczek Marek , Kruk Edyta
Published: January 2017

In the work, evaluation of agricultural production space of the area at the Węglowa street in Jastrzębie Zdrój is presented. The method of the synthetic indicator proposed at the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation in Puławy was used in the calculation. The determined synthetic indicator of agricultural production space of the investigated area classifies it as the area of mean conditions for agricultural production. Geomechanical and hydrological degradation of soil increasing in time may cause changes of values of this indicator and also high deterioration of environmental conditions of agricultural production.
Most frequent problems of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Iwanowicz-Palus Grażyna J. , Zarajczyk Marta , Jakubowska Aleksandra , Bień Agnieszka , Rzońca Ewa
Published: January 2017

Introduction. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder happening to pregnant women. Some. 3-5% of all pregnant women in Poland are diagnosed with the condition. Glucose tolerance disorders or gestational diabetes recur in about 30% of women during their second (or next) pregnancy. Controlling diabetes involves many new responsibilities and sacrifices that may be difficult to bear for a pregnant woman.

Aim. The aim of the present study was to examine the most common problems among pregnant women with gestational diabetes

Material and methods. The study was conducted between 2015 and 2016. The authors used a diagnostic survey on 120 pregnant women with diabetes who were patients in gestational pathology and conservative gynecological treatment departments and diabetic outpatient clinics in Lublin. The χ2 test of independence was used to examine correlations between socio-demographic factors and problems experienced by pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Results. Problems with keeping a blood glucose monitoring diary were reported by women from cities different than province capitals (75%). Childless women reported problems with pricking their finger multiple times a day (60%). Insulin injections were perceived as a GDM-related problem mostly by women aged 31-35 (41.2%), women in their second pregnancy (61.8%) and women with more than one child (47.1%). Frequent visits to the doctor were perceived as a problem mostly by women aged less than 26 (42.3%), women living in rural areas (57.7%), women with higher education (84.6%), women in their first pregnancy (61.5%) and women without children (73.1%). The two last groups additionally indicated psychological burden (84.2% and 78.9%, respectively). Anxiety about the occurrence of type 2 diabetes was mainly expressed by women aged 26-30 (35.3%) and those in their second pregnancy (52.9%), whilst working women expressed concern for their own lives (78.6%).

Conclusions. There is a correlation between selected problems experienced by pregnant women with GDM and socio-demographic variables such as: age, place of residence, education, professional activity and number of pregnancies and children. The results obtained suggest that there is a need for educating women about the most frequent problems that accompany pregnancy with GDM.
Personality traits in people addicted to alcohol raised by parents with alcohol dependence
Authors: Pyłypczuk Aneta , Pawłowska Beata , Potembska Emilia , Urbańska Anna , Malicki Dariusz
Published: January 2017

Introduction. Alcohol dependence syndrome constitutes a serious social problem not only due to personal and health consequences suffered by addicted individuals but also by their family members and, in particular, by children.

Aim. The aim of the study was to make a comparison of self-image, narcissism, methods of coping with stress and aggression in people addicted to alcohol who were raised by parents addicted and not addicted to alcohol.

Material and methods. 118 individuals addicted to alcohol were examined. There were 53 patients raised by non-addicted parents and 55 by parents addicted to alcohol. The average age of the group was 41.20 (SD=10.85) and the average period of alcohol addiction was 9.03 (SD=6.26) years. We used the following research tools: the Sociodemographic Survey of own construction, Adjective Check List ACL by Gough and Heilbrun, the Questionnaire of Narcissism by Denke, Hilgenstock and Müller, the Coping with Stress Questionnaire by Janke, Erdmann and Boucsein and the Aggression Questionnaire by Buss-Perry.

Results. We found presence of statistically significant differences in respect of traits of self-image, narcissism, methods of coping with stress and severity of aggression in people addicted to alcohol who were raised by parents addicted and not addicted to alcohol.

Conclusions. 1. Alcohol addicted women who were raised by parents with alcohol dependence are characterised by more negative self-image, greater need for getting support, dependence, fear of negative assessment by other people, passive ways of coping with stress and aggression not directly expressed - in comparison to the women raised by not addicted parents. 2. Men raised by alcohol addicted parents are characterised by greater narcissism and more often expressed physical aggression in comparison to men raised by not addicted parents.
Dental treatment needs in patients of a Lublin dental clinic aged 35-54
Authors: Kuchta Ewa , Chałas Renata , Szalewski Leszek , Pietryka-Michałowska Elżbieta , Szymańska Jolanta
Published: January 2017

Introduction. Evaluation of the oral health among adult Poles carried out in the framework of the “National Monitoring of Oral Health and Its Determinants” study and the research results of clinical centers in Poland indicate that dental caries, periodontal diseases and missing teeth are a major health problem.

Aim. The aim of the study was determining the reasons for reporting to the dentist of 35-54-year-old people, the assessment of dental health and prosthetic needs.

Material and methods. The study comprised 154 patients aged 35-54 reporting in 2015 to the dental clinic in Lublin, which offers treatment financed by the National Health Fund or for a fee. Gender, age, the place of residence and the reason for the reporting to the dentist were analyzed. The place of residence was a village, a town of less than 200 thousand inhabitants or the city of more than 200 thousand residents. The reason for reporting to the dental clinic was a check-up visit, toothache or loss of filling. Dental condition was assessed by calculating the DMF index. The prosthetic state and needs were evaluated. The results were statistically analyzed.

Results. Most patients reporting to the dental examination were women (59.09%) and residents of a big city (70.78%). More than a half of the patients (55.84%) had a check-up appointment, 25.32% appeared due to the loss of filling, and 18.83% - because of a toothache. The frequency of decay in the study group was 100% and the DMF index values ranged from 2.0 to 32.0, assuming an average of 21.18±5.02, and with the age the DMF index values increased. The highest number of decayed and extracted teeth were found in the rural population. Both residents of big cities and patients who reported for regular check-ups had the biggest number of fillings.

Conclusion. Dental caries is still a major health problem in Polish population aged 35-44. Poor oral health among the adult population in Poland is due to the low health awareness of society. This requires launching large-scale dental educational campaigns and prevention measures among adult Polish citizens, especially in rural areas.
Metabolic Disorders in Patients with HIV
Authors: Radu Florentina , Jipa Raluca Elena , Rusu Emilia , Cursaru Raluca , Drăguţ Ramona , Stegaru Daniela , Gheorghiţă Andra Gabriela , Radulian Gabriela
Published: January 2017

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and subsequent antiretroviral therapy (ART) are known to be related to different metabolic disorders. Although ART decreased HIV-associated mortality and morbidity, mortality rates in patients with HIV and ART are 3 to 15 higher than those in the general population. More than 50% of the mortality is due to diseases like: diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), chronic renal disease and complications following bone fractures. In patients with HIV the metabolic disorders are mainly caused by mithocondrial toxicity, a side effect of ART, and they are represented by: dyslipidemia, lipoatrophy, insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus.
Glycemic Key Metrics and the Risk of Diabetes-Associated Complications
Authors: Kohnert Klaus-Dieter , Heinke Peter , Zander Eckhard , Vogt Lutz , Salzsieder Eckhard
Published: January 2017

Prevention of diabetes-associated complications is closely linked to preventing and controlling hyperglycemia. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), a glucose metric and a risk factor for chronic complications, is not reliable under certain clinical conditions, does not capture glyemic variability and glucose dynamics. There is evidence that glycemic variability is an independent predictor variable of hypoglycemia and a potential risk marker for vascular diabetes complications. Despite advanced glucose monitoring methods, monitoring of glucose with blood glucose meters remains indispensible as an adjunct to HbA1c measurements, because it gives direct feedback on short-term changes in glucose levels. Optimized diabetes treatment and prevention or delay of diabetes complications needs both key glucose control metrics on a daily basis, involving fasting, preprandial, and postprandial glucose levels as well as advanced, user-friendly monitoring methods. The broad application of systems for continuous glucose monitoring in clinical settings is partly hampered by lacking measures generally accepted for analysis of glucose profiles and as standards for reporting of glucose data. We performed a literature search, using PubMed and Scopus and included relevant literature published online up to March 1, 2016. In this review, we discuss the importance of several glucose measures for primary and secondary prevention of diabetes complications and possibilities for evaluation of monitored glucose data with special consideration of glycemic variability, glucose dynamics, and the utility of continuous glucose monitoring.
CATEGORISING RESOURCES OF HISTORICAL MEMORY IN RESEARCHING PUBLICISTIC TEXT
Authors: Konyk Anastasiya
Published: January 2017

The article focuses on the allocation and analysis of the main resources of historical memory which are considered as peculiar indicators for studying publicist content and conceptual reading of discourses of historical memory in contemporary publications. It is relevant insofar as researching the use and intensification of these or other resources of historical memory allows us to observe changes in world landmarks, socio-political moods, ideological references and temperament and the dynamics of re-interpretation of historical facts and events by authors.
Post-dependence discourse in the language of politicians of Prawo i Sprawiedliwość and Platforma Obywatelska
Authors: Olechowski Kamil
Published: January 2017

The aim of this thesis was to analyze the speeches of politicians of the two largest Polish parties: Prawo i Sprawiedliwość and Platforma Obywatelska, using post-dependence theory. The work describes postcolonial and post-dependence theories, presents socially political divisions – in the categories of right wing and left wing politics – and describes the methodological issues of critical discourse analysis. The subject of analysis in the research part of the thesis were politics’ speeches on the following topics: the “Rodzina 500+” programme, terrorist attacks, the dispute with the Constitutional Court in Poland, Brexit and the Smolensk catastrophe. The goal of the analysis was to find the post-dependence discourse features.
Essay on the ethical values of physical movement-exercise in the work of Milivoje Matić
Authors: Bokan Božo , Marković Miloš
Published: January 2017

In a theoretical essay authors have conducted an analysis of the papers by one of the most significant theoreticians and practitioners of methodology of physical education in Serbia, full-time professor Milivoje Matić, PhD. Four publications by this author found themselves to be the focus of the analysis: "Physical Education Class" (1978), "Axiological and Methodological Bases of Revalorization of Physical Movement-Exercise" (1982), "Physical Education - Introduction to Expert and Theoretical Improvement" (1990) and "General Theory of Physical Culture" (2005). With the application of theoretical analysis and content analysis of said books, and relying on theoretical conceptions of leading theoreticians and philosophers, authors have interpreted the potential contribution of Milivoje Matić to the theory and practice of physical education, as well as to the general theory of physical culture. "Matić's Methodics of Morals", modelled on Kant's deontological ethics theory can be considered an original contribution to the theory and practice of physical education. In the area of general theory of physical culture Milivoje Matić has elevated the theory of physical culture to the level of philosophical contemplation by introducing elements of philosophical thinking into theoretical discussions, which is his original contribution to the development of the general theory of physical culture.
A Touristic Concept of Land Management of Zaklików’s Reservoir Based on its Natural Values (South-Eastern Poland)
Authors: Sender Joanna , Maślanko Weronika , Kuk Milena
Published: January 2017

The aim of the study was to determine actions towards enrichment of natural aspects of the water reservoir in Zaklików, with consideration of nature protection and social needs. For this purpose, physical and chemical parameters of the reservoir, floristic and physiognomic characteristics of the area, cartographic analysis of land use, natural and touristic valorisation, and the concept of tourism development of the area were considered. The reservoir, based on the ESMI index, rated as moderate ecological status. The highest natural and tourist values, as well as the highest intensity of conflict between them, were located in the north-eastern and central part of the study area. Based on all analyzes, a concept of development of the study area was created, consistent with the local development plan.
Paternal epigenetic programming: evolving metabolic disease risk
Authors: Hur Suzy S J , Cropley Jennifer E , Suter Catherine M
Published: January 2017

Parental health or exposures can affect the lifetime health outcomes of offspring, independently of inherited genotypes. Such ‘epigenetic’ effects occur over a broad range of environmental stressors, including defects in parental metabolism. Although maternal metabolic effects are well documented, it has only recently been established that that there is also an independent paternal contribution to long-term metabolic health. Both paternal undernutrition and overnutrition can induce metabolic phenotypes in immediate offspring, and in some cases, the induced phenotype can affect multiple generations, implying inheritance of an acquired trait. The male lineage transmission of metabolic disease risk in these cases implicates a heritable factor carried by sperm. Sperm-based transmission provides a tractable system to interrogate heritable epigenetic factors influencing metabolism, and as detailed here, animal models of paternal programming have already provided some significant insights. Here, we review the evidence for paternal programming of metabolism in humans and animal models, and the available evidence on potential underlying mechanisms. Programming by paternal metabolism can be observed in multiple species across animal phyla, suggesting that this phenomenon may have a unique evolutionary significance.
Inferring Individual Inbreeding and Demographic History from Segments of Identity by Descent inFicedulaFlycatcher Genome Sequences
Authors: Kardos Marty , Qvarnström Anna , Ellegren Hans
Published: January 2017

Individual inbreeding and historical demography can be estimated by analyzing runs of homozygosity (ROH), which are indicative of chromosomal segments...

Individual inbreeding and historical demography can be estimated by analyzing runs of homozygosity (ROH), which are indicative of chromosomal segments of identity by descent (IBD). Such analyses have so far been rare in natural populations due to limited genomic resources. We analyzed ROH in whole genome sequences from 287 Ficedula flycatchers representing four species, with the objectives of evaluating the causes of genome-wide variation in the abundance of ROH and inferring historical demography. ROH were clearly more abundant in genomic regions with low recombination rate. However, this pattern was substantially weaker when ROH were mapped using genetic rather than physical single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) coordinates in the genome. Empirical results and simulations suggest that high ROH abundance in regions of low recombination was partly caused by increased power to detect the very long IBD segments typical of regions with a low recombination rate. Simulations also showed that hard selective sweeps (but not soft sweeps or background selection) likely contributed to variation in the abundance of ROH across the genome. Comparisons of the abundance of ROH among several study populations indicated that the Spanish pied flycatcher population had the smallest historical effective population size (Ne) for this species, and that a putatively recently founded island (Baltic) population had the smallest historical Ne among the collared flycatchers. Analysis of pairwise IBD in Baltic collared flycatchers indicated that this population was founded <60 generations ago. This study provides a rare genomic glimpse into demographic history and the mechanisms underlying the genome-wide distribution of ROH.
Patikslinto lietuviškojo darbuotojų psichologinio įgalinimo klausimyno (PĮKL-9) psichometriniai rodikliai
Authors: Tvarijonavičius Mantas , Bagdžiūnienė Dalia , Žukauskaitė Irena
Published: January 2017

Darbuotojų psichologinis įgalinimas – vidinė darbuotojo būsena, apimanti meistriškumo ir motyvaci­nės energijos patyrimą, – siejamas su teigiamomis darbuotojų nuostatomis, darbiniu elgesiu ir darbo rezultatais. Jis svarbus šiuolaikinėse organizacijose, ypač taikant lanksčias personalo valdymo sistemas, pabrėžiančias darbuotojų proaktyvumą ir įsitraukimą į darbą. Lietuviškojo psichologinio įgalinimo klau­simyno pirmąją penkiolikos teiginių versiją sudaro penkios dimensijos (Tvarijonavičius ir Bagdžiūnienė, 2013), tačiau tyrimai rodo, kad teiginių pasiskirstymas ne visuomet atitinka penkių faktorių struktūrą. Tai paskatino atlikti papildomus metodo tikslinimo tyrimus. Straipsnyje pristatomų dviejų tyrimų pagrindi­nis tikslas – pakartotinai išnagrinėti lietuviškąjį darbuotojų psichologinio įgalinimo tyrimo metodą. Pir­majame tyrime, kuriame dalyvavo 740 įvairių organizacijų darbuotojų, parengtas patikslintas devynių teiginių klausimynas (PĮKL-9), kurį sudaro prasmės, sprendimų priėmimo ir pasitikėjimo kompetencija dimensijos, pagrįsti konstrukto validumas ir vidinis suderintumas. Antrajame tyrime, kuriame dalyvavo 658 darbuotojai, papildomai buvo tikrinamas metodo validumas. Abiejuose tyrimuose duomenys buvo renkami anketinės apklausos būdu. Rezultatai parodė, kad patikslintas darbuotojų psichologinio įgali­nimo klausimynas pasižymi geromis psichometrinėmis savybėmis, gali būti naudojamas moksliniuose tyrimuose ir vertinant darbuotojų psichologinį įgalinimą konkrečiose organizacijose.
COSTA RICA SIN FRONTERAS #14
Authors: Aragón-Vargas Luis Fernando
Published: January 2017

En esta sección se publican los resúmenes en español de artículos que han sido publicados por investigadoras/es de universidades costarricenses en otras revistas en el mundo, con su debida referencia al trabajo original, y con una breve explicación de dónde se realizó la investigación. Los artículos originales han sido publicados en otros idiomas; las revistas tienen consejo editorial y manejan un proceso de revisión por pares. Los resúmenes corresponden a estudios relacionados con las ciencias del ejercicio y la salud, que se conforman a los criterios generales de la revista, esto es, se trata de “... estudios experimentales o que hagan recomendaciones concretas para solucionar problemas o preguntas relevantes (...) trabajos originales o de meta-análisis.” Solicitamos a las personas que han publicado este tipo de trabajos en otros idiomas que no los hagan saber, para incluir sus resúmenes en futuras entregas de esta sección.
Factores relacionados con la satisfacción en consultas externas en Hospitales de Madrid
Authors: Rodríguez Marmol María , Muñoz Cruz Rafael
Published: January 2017

Introducción. La gran cantidad de pacientes atendidos en las consultas externas hospitalarias y conocer la importancia de  sus opiniones sobre la atención recibida en este servicio motiva el desarrollo del presente estudio, el cual busca conocer la opinión de un grupo de usuarios sobre las consultas externas de tres hospitales públicos de la ciudad de Madrid e identificar factores que influyen en la satisfacción global de estas personas.Método. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal en el que se encuestó a 150 usuarios de consultas externas mediante un cuestionario autoadministrado, previamente validado que constaba de 12 ítems, englobados en dos dimensiones con una escala tipo Likert de 1 a 10 en función del grado de satisfacción, de los cuales se obtuvo resultados sociodemográficos y de tipo descriptivo. Por otra parte, se realizó un análisis bivariante del que se detectó diferencias significativas en función del sexo, el nivel académico, la nacionalidad y la edad.Resultados. En el análisis descriptivo del cuestionario llama la atención que la calidad administrativa es valorada por debajo de 5 puntos, mientras que para la clínica, la valoración es de 6 puntos aproximadamente, de la que resulta una valoración del cuestionario total ligeramente superior a 5. El tiempo de espera en consultas fue el ítem que obtuvo la valoración media más baja de todo el cuestionario, con algo más de un 3,5 sobre 10, mientras que la más alta fue la obtenida para el ítem referido al trato por parte del personal de enfermería, con una nota de casi un 7.  Conclusión. Se puede afirmar que en la muestra estudiada solo existen dos factores que se relacionan con el incremento de la satisfacción de los usuarios en las consultas externas: el sexo masculino y haber cursado estudios universitarios.
A one-dimensional flood routing model for rockfill dams considering exit height
Authors: Sarkhosh Payam , Samani Jamal Mohammad Vali , Mazaheri Mehdi
Published: January 2017

To predict the phreatic surface and conduct flood routing of rockfill dams, the flow hydraulics and rating curve need to be simulated. In this research, one-dimensional flow hydraulics through a trapezoidal rockfill dam was modelled via the standard step method. Regarding the non-Darcy flow, the relationship between the hydraulic gradient and the bulk velocity in power form was adopted. Using the exit height as the boundary condition significantly improves the prediction of the phreatic surface. For this purpose, a modified Pavlovsky equation was introduced. The advantage of the proposed method is that, unlike in previous studies, the downstream water level is used to estimate the exit height instead of the upstream water level, which makes the model more grounded on steady gradually varying flow. The proposed model has the capability of predicting the reservoir head–outflow relationship and routed hydrographs with high accuracy comparable with that of two-dimensional models.
Longevity, Stress, Genes and African Americans
Authors: Whitfield Keith E. , Thorpe, Jr. Roland J.
Published: January 2017

Ethn Dis. 2017;27(1):1-2; doi: 10.18865/ed.27.1.1
Emergent Dialysis and its Impact on Quality of Life in Undocumented Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Hogan Andrew N. , Fox William R. , Roppolo Lynn P. , Suter Robert E.
Published: January 2017

Objective: This study aimed to define the ethnographic composition and assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of a large population of undocumented patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) seeking emergent dialysis in the emergency depart­ment (ED) of a large public hospital in the United States.

Design: All ESRD patients presenting to the hospital’s main ED were identified during a 4-week consecutive enrollment period. Consenting patients completed two surveys—an ethnographic questionnaire and the validated kidney disease quality of life-36 (KDQOL-36) instrument.

Setting: The study was conducted at a large county hospital in Dallas, Texas. In 2013, the hospital recorded >50,000 ED visits and administered approximately 6,000 dialysis treatments to ED patients.

Participants: 88 of 101 unfunded patients presenting to the ED during the study period consented to participate, resulting in an 87.1% response rate. 65 of these patients were undocumented immigrants.

Main Outcome Measures: Quantitative scores for the 5 subscales of the KDQOL-36 were calculated for the study population.

Results: Measures of physical and mental health in our study population were lower than those published for scheduled dialysis patients. 79.5% of our patients lost employ­ment due to their dialysis requirements. At least 71.4% of the study patients were unaware that they required dialysis before immigrating to the United States.

Conclusions: Quality of life scores were found to be low among our population of undocumented emergent dialysis patients. Our data also provide some evidence that availability of dialysis at no cost is not a primary driver of illegal immigration of ESRD patients to the United States.

Ethn Dis. 2017;27(1):39-44; doi:10.18865/ed.27.1.39.
Commentary: Reconsidering the Role of Context in Diabetes Prevention
Authors: Mezuk Briana , Concha Jeannie B. , Perrin Paul , Green Tiffany
Published: January 2017

A substantial gap remains between what we know about type 2 diabetes prevention and our ability to apply that knowledge in socially disadvantaged populations at highest risk. This gap results, in part, from a lack of integration between epidemio­logic science and social psychology theory, particularly regarding the intersections of stress, self-regulatory health behaviors, and the biological mechanisms underlying the development of diabetes. In this commen­tary, we describe the utility of a theoretical framework that focuses on the intersection of biological, psychosocial, and environ­mental contexts as they apply to diabetes disparities, and how such a framework could inform a translational research agenda to reorient prevention efforts to address these inequalities. Such reorientation is needed to ensure that the implementation of prevention efforts does not inadvertently widen diabetes disparities.

Ethn Dis.2017; 27(1):63-68; doi:10.18865/ed.27.1.63.
Um caminho metodológico para identificar redes de ensino mais justas na educação básica
Authors: Ribeiro Vanda Mendes
Published: January 2017

Este artigo propõe um caminho metodológico para identificar redes  de ensino mais justas  na educação básica, nas quais  o maior  número possível de alunos domina o conhecimento que  se define como  necessário, sobretudo aqueles alunos cuja  origem  lhes  impõe  situações de  desigualdade social.  Elaborou-se um  índice de nível  socioeconômico (NSE) para  cada  aluno; e realizou-se análise de agrupamentos com  base  na média da proficiência de Matemática, na média do NSE dos alunos e no coeficiente de variação da proficiência de Matemática. Foram  identificadas 19 redes  municipais de ensino mais  justas no estado de São Paulo.  Procedimentos de controle mostraram que o caminho metodológico proposto é adequado para indicar redes  de ensino que têm con- seguido gerar aprendizagens de forma  mais equitativa.
Histórias de Campinas no período colonial (1775-1822): historiografia e documentação
Authors: Meirelles Juliana Gesuelli
Published: January 2017

Este artigo objetiva compreender o nascimento, a estruturação e a consolidação da freguesia de Campinas no período colonial (1774-1822) em um momento crucial da Capitania de São Paulo, em que a principal atividade econômica era o açúcar. O texto apresenta a bibliografia especializada sobre a região, tendo como foco os estudos que discutem as raízes socioeconômicas e culturais da nova vila colonial e a formação das sensibilidades dos seus agentes históricos marginalizados do poder político: os escravos, as mulheres e os homens livres pobres. Em interface com a riqueza documental presente no acervo histórico do Centro de Memória – Unicamp (CMU), referente ao período colonial da região de Campinas, destacamos os fundos e as coleções de natureza impressa e manuscrita que compõem este acervo e o qualificam, ao longo desses 30 anos de existência, como locus de pesquisa de grande relevância para o avanço do conhecimento histórico.
Divórcio e desquite na cidade de Campinas (1890-1938)
Authors: Veiga Cristiane Fernandes Lopes
Published: January 2017

As ações de divórcio e desquite do fundo Tribunal de Justiça de Campinas, disponíveis no Centro de Memória da Unicamp, revelam os conflitos resultantes de um momento importante para a reelaboração das identidades de gênero na cidade de Campinas da Primeira República. Tradicionalmente zelosa de uma sociedade fundamentada em hierarquias definidas pela riqueza, a cidade se propunha moderna do ponto de vista cultural e político. Procuramos, através das ações de divórcio e desquite, entender como a família e os papéis de gênero se adequaram ou não aos esterótipos propostos por pesquisadores do período.
Hibridismo cultural e atualização da cultura: o Carimbó do Brasil
Authors: Figueiredo Silvio José de Lima , Bogéa Eliana  Benassuly
Published: January 2017

Tratar de cultura popular na pós-modernidade é abordar o dinamismo da cultura e da sociedade em vários pontos do planeta. Se impossível negar a globalização, como a cultura popular se comporta atualmente é um tema necessário haja vista as teorias sobre a pós-modernidade que atualmente transformam um conceito inicialmente de oposição em um conceito de agregação ou inclusão. A discussão da mudança cultural, aculturação, fricção interétnica e todas as categorias criadas para designar fenômenos similares, traduz um histórico de como esse tema foi interpretado. Frente a essa questão, aparece outra de igual importância: como identificar o externo em uma sociedade que não é fechada, homogênea, que não se caracteriza como comunidade na sua conceituação mais pura? E onde estariam as sociedades desse tipo hoje em dia num mundo globalizado? O trabalho pretende compreender essa dinâmica, chamando-a de atualização, através de estudos da Cultura Popular na Amazônia brasileira.
Abordagem funcional de arquivos pessoais: reflexões a partir do Arquivo Epifânio Dória
Authors: Campello Lorena de Oliveira Souza
Published: January 2017

O objetivo do artigo em questão é discutir a importância do tratamento dos arquivos pessoais como arquivos, sendo merecedores de uma abordagem arquivística adequada. Para tanto, faremos uma demonstração fundamentada de um procedimento metodológico com arquivos pessoais, a partir do estudo de caso do arquivo de Epifânio Dória, tendo como resultado principal inventário cronológico do conjunto documental e índice estratificado. O arquivo é custodiado pelo Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de Sergipe, estando sob a responsabilidade da Seção de Biblioteca e Arquivo.