bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gamification in e-learning: The mitigation role in technostress
Authors: Fajri Faridiah Aghadiati , Haribowo P. RY. Kun , Amalia Nurisqi , Natasari Dina
Published: June 2021

The digital world demands graduates who are accustomed to deal with technology. Blended learning is one of the strategies by combining online media with face-to-face classes. It cannot be denied that students who interact with technology experience stress and tension. This condition have an impact on the learning process so that a way out is needed to bring it down. Gamification is a gaming technique that is applied to non-game applications to increase pleasure when interacting with these applications. This feature has been implemented in business applications, social media, e-commerce, and e-learning. However, the impact of playfulness in mitigating technostress has not been studied. This research examined the role of feedback mechanism and presentation mechanism in giving pleasure in LMS. Furthermore, this playfulness is expected to reduce the stress experienced by users. The research was conducted using a quasi-experimental method by giving participants time to follow the course with the gamification feature. The results showed that the gamification mechanism is able to provide pleasure which in turn will reduce the user's stress level. Based on the user-perceived of playfulness, gamification can reduce stress levels so it will reduce user resistance and increase the effectiveness of technology implementation.
Formative assessment in the translation classroom: Closing a feedback loop
Authors: Nikolaeva Sofiya , Korol Tetiana
Published: June 2021

Feedback as the key component of formative assessment was studied extensively in the context of the acquisition of the foreign language productive skills by different categories of learners. Similarly, this paper aimed at the investigation of the optimal design of the feedback loop in teaching translation to undergraduate students. A mixed-methods research involved 40 sophomores of Poltava University of Economics and Trade and was conducted during 2018–2019 academic year. It examined the efficacy of four feedback response types from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. Sample Group 1 had to study the received teacher feedback arbitrarily and consider it, while working on their further translations. Sample Group 2 was required to prepare a written free-form self-reflection report on the teacher feedback. Sample Group 3 was supposed to resubmit their corrected translations to the teacher. Finally, Sample Group 4 had to accompany their self-reflection reports with the corrected translations. The obtained data showed statistically significant difference between the acquired levels of the translation skills by the students of the four sample groups. The highest results were achieved due to the combination of self-reflection reports and translation correction. The questionnaire on the students’ attitude to these practices proved the received statistical data.
Power management strategy based sugeno fuzzy logic rules in an electric wheelchair
Authors: Abdeselem Chakar , Othmane Abdelkhalek , Brahim Gasbaoui , Amine Soumeur Mohammed , Oussama Hafsi , Amine Hartani Mohammed
Published: June 2021

Power management in multi-power supply electrical systems to manage the general system behavior is essential to improve autonomy and efficiency. In this paper, a proposed fuzzy-logic power management-based sugeno rule is applied in a hybrid PV/battery electric wheelchair to ameliorate the battery life cycle and the overall autonomy. Besides, the increment conductance INC MPPT is used to maximize PVpower. The electric wheelchair's general topology comprises photovoltaic energy resources as the main source and the battery energy storage system device as the auxiliary source. This hybrid power source system supplied the electric wheelchair composed two permanent magnet DC motors controlled by a PI controller. MATLAB/Simulink program is used to implement the overall control scheme. The simulation results that were obtained and the detailed study demonstrate the feasibility and performance of this intelligent strategy.
Comparison between butterfly optimization algorithm and particle swarm optimization for tuning cascade PID control system of PMDC motor
Authors: Abdulhussein Kareem G. , Yasin Naseer M. , Hasan Ihsan J.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, two optimization methods are used to adjust the gain values for the cascade PID controller. These algorithms are the butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA), which is a modern method based on tracking the movement of butterflies to the scent of a fragrance to reach the best position and the second method is particle swarm optimization (PSO). The PID controllers in this system are used to control the position, velocity, and current of a permanent magnet DC motor (PMDC) with an accurate tracking trajectory to reach the desired position. The simulation results using the Matlab environment showed that the butterfly optimization algorithm is better than the particle swarming optimization (PSO) in terms of performance and overshoot or any deviation in tracking the path to reach the desired position. While an overshoot of 2.557% was observed when using the PSO algorithm, and a position deviation of 7.82 degrees was observed from the reference position.
Fractional order PID controller adaptation for PMSM drive using hybrid grey wolf optimization
Authors: Ahmed Yasser , Hoballah Ayman , Hendawi Essam , Al Otaibi Sattam , Elsayed Salah K. , Elkalashy Nagy I.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the closed loop speed controller parameters are optimized for the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive on the basis of the indirect field-oriented control (IFOC) technique. In this derive system under study, the speed and current controllers are implemented using the fractional order proportional, integral, and derivative (FOPID) controlling technique. FOPID is considered as efficient techniques for ripple minimization. The hybrid grey wolf optimizer (HGWO) is applied to obtain the optimal controllers in case of implementing conventional PID as well as FOPID controllers in the derive system. The optimal controller parameters tend to enhance the drive response as ripple content in speed and current, either during steady state time or transient time. The drive system is modeled and tested under various operating condition of load torque and speed. Finally, the performance for PID and FOPID are evaluated and compared within MATLAB/Simulink environment. The results attain the efficacy of the operating performance with the FOPID controller. The result shows a fast response and reduction of ripples in the torque and the current.
Harmonic stability analysis of multi-paralleled 3-phase PV inverters tied to grid
Authors: Sankar R. S. Ravi , Deepika K. K. , Satyanarayana A. V.
Published: June 2021

In this paper the harmonic stability is investigated for multi paralleled three-phase photovoltaic inverters connected to grid. The causes to harmonically stabilize/destabilize the multi-paralleled PV inverters when tied to the grid isanalysed by the impedance-based stability criterion (IBSC). In this paper stability of the system is investigated by varying the grid inductance with constant grid resistance and also by varying load impedance while maintaining grid inductance constant. Stability of the multiple three phase inverters tied to the grid with different grid impedance, inductance value inparticular are analyzed. Overall system is stable up to grid inductance of5mH even though there is change in load admittance. It is concluded that system stability depends only on grid impedance. It is verified with Matlab Simulations.
Energy conservation at high power consuming holding furnace with modified coil design and electrical circuits
Authors: Karthikeyan D. , Arumbu V. P. , Divya P. , Vijayakumar K. , Rahulan K. Mani
Published: June 2021

This paper deals with high energy consuming induction holding furnace. The improved version of coil design along with additional electrical interlocks and alarm, modified hydraulic controls, strengthening mechanical structures and energy saving proposals at holding furnace fume extraction system ensures trouble free operation of furnace and hence continuity of production at all the planned plant operational days. This project involves in purchasing of D-section copper extruded coil from Europe–Switzerland for its extended length from existing 3 meters long to 9 Meters which enables in reduction of coil joints. The performance of the holding furnace has improved in terms ofits energy consumption per ton of liquid metal. The payback period for the estimated investment will be less than 2 years.
A regenerative braking energy recuperation from elevator operation in building by active rectifier
Authors: Anh An Thi Hoai Thu , Duc Luong Huynh
Published: June 2021

Elevators- means of vertical transportation to carry people and goods are an indispensable part in offices, high-rise buildings, hospitals, commercial areas, hotels, car-parks when blooming urbanization develops worldwide. However, the level of energy consumption in elevator operation is significant, so energy saving solutions have been outlined and applied in practice. With frequent braking phases, regenerative braking energy is wasted on braking resistors. Therefore, this paper proposes regenerative braking energy recuperation method for elevator operation in building by active rectifiers enabling the braking energy to be fed back into utility grid. Simulation results conducted by MATLAB with data collected from OCT5B building-RESCO new urban area, Ha noi, Vietnam have verified saving energy of using active rectifiers replacing diode rectifiers up to 33%.
Design and implementation of a single-phase five-level inverter using a DC Source with voltage balancer on capacitor
Authors: Pratomo Leonardus Heru , Riyadi Slamet
Published: June 2021

The global use of renewable energy resources has led to the design and development of high performance, efficient, controllable, and cheap multilevel inverters, which act as a solution to the numerous power deficiencies. However, in terms of control, these multilevel inverters are often associated with DC sources and complexity. Therefore, this research designed a single-phase five-level inverter using a DC source, with a novel sinusoidal pulse-width-modulated (SPWM) control scheme. The system consists of a Flying Capacitor DC-DC Converter and H-Bridge Inverter (FCDCDC-HBI). A single absolute reference signal and the phase-shifted triangular carrier were used to generate SPWM to enhance the capacitor voltage balance. The designed inverter is capable of producing five levels of output voltage levels, namely Vi, Vi/2, 0, −Vi/2, and −Vi from a DC supply, thereby reducing the overall cost and complexity of the SPWM system. This research also produced a detailed operation principle of the proposed system, which was verified through simulation and implemented using a prototype. Finally, hardware implementation results are presented to check the performance of the inverter.
Design and implementation of multilevel non-isolated DC-DC converter for variable DC voltage source
Authors: Ismail Ali Ahmed Adam , Elnady A.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a non-isolated multi-level DC-DC (MLDC-DC) smooth buck converter with the LC filter is designed and analyzed. The presented topology can be used in low or medium voltage levels in several applications that use DC storage elements. The use of the proposed multilevel converter topology reduces the voltage stress across the power converter switching elements and facilitates the voltage rating of the switches. The designed LC filter for the multilevel converter is characterized by a small inductor size, which reduces the traditional bulky inductor used in the output of the traditional DC-DC converter. The reduction in the filter size is proportional to the number of the connected voltage sources, it works effectively to reduce ripple in the load currents, and it increases the voltage gain. The intensive analysis of the converter system and the experimental results show a stable operation of the proposed converter with precise output voltage.
FPGA implementation of Lempel-Ziv data compression
Authors: Mostafa Gody , Zekry Abdelhalim , Zakaria Hatem
Published: June 2021

When transmitting the data in digital communication, it is well desired that the transmitting data bits should be as minimal as possible, so many techniques are used to compress the data. In this paper, a Lempel-Ziv algorithm for data compression was implemented through VHDL coding. One of the most lossless data compression algorithms commonly used is Lempel-Ziv. The work in this paper is devoted to improve the compression rate, space-saving, and utilization of the Lempel-Ziv algorithm using a systolic array approach. The developed design is validated with VHDL simulations using Xilinx ISE 14.5 and synthesized on Virtex-6 FPGA chip. The results show that our design is efficient in providing high compression rates and space-saving percentage as well as improved utilization. The Throughput is increased by 50% and the design area is decreased by more than 23% with a high compression ratio compared to comparable previous designs.
Avaliação do Desempenho das Unidades da Fundação Hemominas por meio da Análise Envoltória de Dados
Authors: Basso Leonardo Fernando Cruz , Kimura Herbert
Published: June 2021

O desempenho organizacional no âmbito governamental pode ser explanado em relação aos serviços ofertados como gestão eficaz, redução de custos e benefícios ao cliente/usuário/cidadão. A analise do desempenho das instituições públicas é condição precípua para a tomada de decisão endógena e exógena, bem como na formulação e implementação de políticas públicas eficientes. A Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA) traduz eficientemente este posicionamento no contexto da eficiência técnica, de escala e alocativa ao identificar as unidades produtivas eficientes e ineficientes. Este artigo busca contribuir na discussão de eficiência das unidades da Fundação Hemominas em Minas Gerais, fazendo uma classificação de eficiência utilizando a DEA e ainda, verificar o grau de paridade entre eficiência operacional e eficiência financeira. Na análise de eficiência operacional utilizando a DEA, utilizamos como inputs, o volume total de sangue coletado, numero de empregados e a despesa com insumos, como outputs utilizamos total de hemocomponentes produzidos, total de hemocomponentes descartados e total de serviços clínicos efetuados. Para eficiência financeira, os inputs foram, a despesa total menos a despesa com pessoal, a despesa com pessoal dividida pelo número de funcionários, para os outputs utilizamos a receita arrecadada e as despesas orçamentárias executadas. Os resultados demonstraram fraca significância estatística entre eficiência operacional e eficiência financeira. Almejamos que os resultados sirvam como substrato de análise e discussão pelos gestores das unidades averiguadas e da Fundação Hemominas no que concerne ao uso, alocação e disposição eficiente do erário com vistas a salvar vidas e atender os clientes/usuários/cidadãos que necessitam dos serviços especializados e hemocomponentes.
O MST e a Luta pela Terra em Ribeirão Preto (SP): psicologia política, políticas públicas e direitos
Authors: Rosa Leandro Amorim
Published: June 2021

O artigo discute parte do processo de luta pela terra desenvolvido no município de Ribeirão Preto (SP). A partir de um breve histórico da organização agrária brasileira, apresenta-se o MST como fio condutor da construção do relato sobre a luta abordada. Evidencia-se que os avanços já conquistados no que diz respeito ao direito à terra se relacionam à articulação de sujeitos políticos diversos que, juntos, foram capazes de formar um forte bloco de luta pela reforma agrária. Mesmo reconhecendo vitórias, deve-se ter claro que os avanços obtidos ainda se distanciam de um processo de reestruturação agrária cujo fim seja a democratização da terra.
Pobreza: representações e imaginários sociais
Authors: Gómez-Ordoñez Luis H.
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo sugere uma reflexão sobre as formas de concepção da pobreza e a constelação de conceitos associados à compreensão da mesma como marginalidade, vulnerabilidade, desigualdade, exclusão y discriminação de gênero e etnia. E por outro lado o texto sugere algumas precisões em torno à abordagem do fenômeno desde a teoria das representações sociais enquanto abordagem que sugere, por um lado, novas derivações em sua compreensão assim como nas lógicas de intervenção existentes sobre o fenômeno considerando tanto sua dimensão material como a simbólica e sugerindo as mutuas inter-relações entre umas e outras.
A Parceria Entre Poder Público e Instituições Não Governamentais na Implementação de Programas Sociais: análise do Programa Projovem no município de Contagem – MG – Brasil
Authors: Diniz Camila Adriana Silva
Published: June 2021

Esse trabalho se insere no âmbito dos estudos sobre as políticas sociais descentralizadas no Brasil atual, considerando as relações intergovernamentais, e em específico, entre os governos federal e local no contexto do modelo de gestão social adotado a partir dos anos de 1990. Com o propósito de examinar as relações entre instituições do terceiro setor e governo municipal na execução compartilhada de programas sociais, este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso referente ao Programa Projovem Adolescente, executado no município de Contagem - Minas Gerais, propondo uma reflexão sobre a relação estabelecidas entre poder local e a sociedade civil. Inicialmente se propõe a realizar um estudo bibliográfico sobre o conceito de políticas públicas e políticas sociais, fazendo um recorte histórico sobre as políticas de juventude no Brasil e os atores envolvidos em sua implementação. Subsequente apresenta o conceito de implementação de políticas públicas, e propõe uma reflexão sobre o modelo político vigente, trazendo uma perspectiva de identificar os atores envolvidos e suas funcionalidades. Posteriormente traz uma reflexão acerca do conceito de gestão social e gestão compartilhada, entendido neste trabalho como as relações de governança estabelecidas entre os entes federados e atores da sociedade civil na execução de políticas públicas. O trabalho empírico incluiu o uso de entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores municipais, gestores das instituições não governamentais executoras do programa e técnicos sociais governamentais que atuam nos Centros de Referência da Assistência Social. O trabalho apresenta em suas considerações finais as fragilidades e ausências existentes na interação entre o governo local e as instituições executoras não governamentais no processo de implementação e de gestão de políticas públicas, considerando que esta relação está longe de ser virtuosa, como propõe a literatura e com gargalos pautados pelos critérios da legislação brasileira.
Avaliação dos Órgãos de Controle Interno nos Poderes Municipais Brasileiros: análise a partir dos regulamentos legais
Authors: Moreno Gleice Carvalho de Lima , Miranda Luiz Carlos
Published: June 2021

Esta pesquisa avalia a adequação dos regulamentos legais, que instituem os Sistemas de Controle Interno nos Poderes Municipais, às normas técnicas e às melhores práticas, recomendadas pela literatura. Para isso, foram analisadas as estruturas dos atos institucionais criados pelos Tribunais de Contas e sua aplicação nos Poderes Municipais, por meio dos regulamentos legais desenvolvidos pelo Executivo e Legislativo. Aborda-se, nessa perspectiva, o atendimento às exigências impostas pela legislação e normas técnicas, relacionadas ao sistema de controle interno do ambiente público. Com base nos resultados obtidos, pôde-se concluir que os regulamentos legais criados pelos Poderes Municipais com orientação dos Tribunais de Contas não estão atendendo às melhores práticas evidenciadas pela legislação vigente, normas técnicas e bases teóricas. Desta maneira, recomenda-se a expansão de estudos que possam dar continuidade a este, explorando outros municípios e, a comparação dos dados coletados com outros do ambiente internacional, que possam avaliar o comportamento da unidade de controle interno em outros países.
Vulnerabilidade às mudanças climáticas e o caso dos pescadores artesanais de Pontal do Paraná: entre o desconhecimento da questão climática a falta de políticas públicas adaptativas
Authors: Minari Nathália Bassoli , Carmo Aline Borges do
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo verificou a condição de vulnerabilidade às mudanças climáticas dos pescadores artesanais de Pontal do Paraná em relação a dois aspectos: a conhecimento sobre a temática, e  a existência de políticas públicas adaptativas de cunho socioambiental destinadas especificamente a esta população tradicional. De modo a abordar a questão, a pesquisa apresenta resultados provenientes de entrevistas e questionários aplicados a 28 pescadores, bem como o resultado de entrevistas aplicadas aos representantes do Fórum Paranaense de Mudanças Climáticas Globais e do Programa BioClima Paraná, ambos inseridos na Secretaria Estadual do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos do Paraná (SEMA). Foi possível observar segundo a análise dos discursos dos pescadores que o conhecimento que estes apresentam sobre mudanças climáticas é incipiente, e que, por vezes, o tema é confundido com aspectos meteorológicos. As políticas públicas existentes na região não apresentam especificidade com os grupos vulneráveis do estudo. De tal forma, apresenta-se aqui um caso de vulnerabilidade sócio-ambiental quanto aos impactos das mudanças climáticas.
Ocupação e Resistência: os moradores e moradoras do Edifício Garcia
Authors: Cenci Bertoncini Camila Fernanda
Published: June 2021

O Presente texto analisa como a experiência de ocupação de um edifício abandonado em uma região nobre transforma a vida de sujeitos e da comunidade. A partir da observação participante, de entrevistas semidirigidas procurou-se entender os processos sociais e afetivos que ordenaram as relações de poder entre moradores do edifício e o território no qual estavam inseridos.
Women in the structure of the Russian Boxing Federation: professional motivation and connection with psychological well-being
Authors: Akimova Anna Yu. , Vasilyeva Elena N. , Isaeva Oksana M.
Published: June 2021

Background. Russia is the world leader in the number of women who are members of management bodies in top achievements sports. At the same time, the professional motivation of women engaged in boxing activities and its connection with psychological well-being have not yet been object of a special study. However, targeted management of staff motivation could help to increase their professional efficiency, satisfaction with their performance in the professional sphere and, as a result, achieve sustainable psychological well-being. Objective. To study the peculiarities of professional motivation of women who are employees of the Russian Boxing Federation (RBF), and its connection with psychological well-being. Design. The survey involved 39 women aged 23 to 59 who hold positions in the FBF. The tools used were: the Questionnaire of professional motivation by E. Desi and R. Ryan (adapted by Osin E., Ivanovа T., and Gordeevа T.), and the Questionnaire of psychological well-being by K. Riff (adapted and modified by L.V. Zhukovskaya and E.G. Troshikhina). Results of the study made it possible to determine the attractiveness factors of activities in the FBF: the main ones are “interest in activities,” “opportunities for professional development”, and “team”. Internal professional motivation dominates, which is consistent with the data on the attractiveness of the activities performed in the RBF due to interest in it, the possibility of personal development, a sense of psychological well-being from the process and the results of activities. Positive correlation of autonomous professional motivation with psychological well-being has been established. Conclusion. The data obtained made it possible to describe the peculiarities of professional motivation of women-employees of the Russian Boxing Federation and its connection with psychological well-being.
Creating Cultural Capital: The Education of Jewish Females at the Alliance Israélite Universelle (AIU) School for Girls in the City of Tunis, 1882–1914
Authors: Land Joy A.
Published: June 2021

Based on rarely viewed images from the fin de siècle, this article will contribute to the burgeoning field of Jewish women in the world of Islam. At the Alliance Israélite Universelle (AIU) School for Girls in the city of Tunis, 1882–1914, after a seven-year course of study, Jewish and non-Jewish girls acquired certification of their academic or vocational skills through a certificate or diploma of couture. Such credentials, according to Bourdieu (1986), constitute “cultural capital.” Furthermore, “cultural capital … is convertible … into economic capital and may be institutionalized in the forms of educational qualifications.” A young woman could create cultural capital and transform it into economic capital through employment. Reading the sources, the influence of the Tunisian Muslim woman on the Jewess becomes apparent. Moreover, cultural capital could afford the Jewish female wage earner increased economic independence and social mobility, as she journeyed on the road to modernity.
Reading Josephus’ “Prophetic” Inspiration in the Cave of Jotapata (J.W. 3.351–354) in a Roman Context
Authors: Glas J. E. (Eelco)
Published: June 2021

This article offers a literary analysis of the famous episode in Judean War 3.351–354, in which Josephus suddenly recalls his “nightly dreams.” It takes up the question of how Josephus characterizes himself in this episode in consideration of an elite audience located in Rome steeped in Greco-Roman learning. In explaining this episode, scholars have put special emphasis on parallels with discourses of Judean prophecy and biblical prophets, such as Jeremiah and Daniel. The hypothesis that Josephus consciously presents himself as a prophet has found widespread acceptance and grown to become almost undisputable since the 1970s. In addition to challenging the view that Josephus explicitly and deliberately presents himself as a biblical prophet, the present contribution develops an interpretation that considers the historiographical outlook of the whole War as a military-political composition imbued with classicizing features.
The Significance of the Divine Torah in Ptolemaic Egypt in Documentary and Literary Sources from the Third and Second Centuries BCE
Authors: Altmann Peter
Published: June 2021

This essay analyzes the Torah’s role in Judean communities from Ptolemaic Egypt in order to evaluate the significance of the Judean claim of divine origins for their law in relation to the conceptual or functional nature of this law. An introductory step explores the nature of the Judean communities in Egypt under the Ptolemies. The essay then moves to consider the nature of judicial practice in Ptolemaic Egypt, especially among Judean communities, where scholars have asserted overlap with the written Greek Torah in the interpretation of legal records. Given the largely negative finds from papyri documents concerning practical judicial conceptions, the discussion turns to depictions of Torah in the Letter of Aristeas and other Hellenistic-Judean literature. The argument demonstrates that direct references to the Torah conceive of its importance in philosophical terms and group affiliation rather than judicial categories, even when the conception of God as a divine legislator emerges.
Do Presidential Primary Debates Increase Political Polarization?
Authors: Warner Benjamin R. , Park Jihye , Kim Go-Eun , McKinney Mitchell S. , Paul Wm. Bryan
Published: June 2021

This study presents the results of a quasi-experiment to assess the effects of viewing a strategically manipulated portion of a 2020 Democratic Primary debate. Our aim was to assess the polarizing potential of primary debates on both ingroup (Democratic) and outgroup (Republican) viewers. Viewing the primary debate resulted in less perceived closeness with members of the opposing political party, greater feelings of social distance, and more attribution of malevolent intentions. These effects were consistent regardless of whether the viewer was a member of the political ingroup (Democrats) or outgroup (Republicans). Conversely, there was no effect of debate viewing on evaluations of outparty candidates (with respect to negative trait attributions or lower feeling thermometer evaluations)., nor did support for political compromise change as a result of viewing the debate. Both Democrats and independents reported improved evaluations of participating candidates, though Republican evaluations did not change.
Dante, fatherhood, and starvation behind bars
Authors: Jenkins Ron
Published: June 2021

This article documents the responses of incarcerated men to Dante’s story of Ugolino in canto 33 of Inferno. Reading Dante’s poem in prison theater workshops the men are inspired to write about the ways in which their own children, like Ugolino’s, have suffered because of the incarceration of their father. Interweaving fragments of Dante’s text into their stories the incarcerated readers generate narratives that explore the multiple meanings of starvation. While Ugolino’s children die starving for food, the children of incarcerated fathers are starving for love, family, and community. Like the majority of men in American prisons the participants in these Dante theater workshops are people of color and their writing highlights the impact of mass incarceration on black and brown communities in America at the same time that it demonstrates the continuing relevance of Dante’s poem to readers confronting issues related to justice and its absence in the twenty-first century.
Protecting Privacy and Transforming COVID-19 Case Surveillance Datasets for Public Use
Authors: Lee Brian , Dupervil Brandi , Deputy Nicholas P. , Duck Wil , Soroka Stephen , Bottichio Lyndsay , Silk Benjamin , Price Jason , Sweeney Patricia , Fuld Jennifer , Weber J. Todd , Pollock Dan
Published: June 2021

Objectives

Federal open-data initiatives that promote increased sharing of federally collected data are important for transparency, data quality, trust, and relationships with the public and state, tribal, local, and territorial partners. These initiatives advance understanding of health conditions and diseases by providing data to researchers, scientists, and policymakers for analysis, collaboration, and use outside the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), particularly for emerging conditions such as COVID-19, for which data needs are constantly evolving. Since the beginning of the pandemic, CDC has collected person-level, de-identified data from jurisdictions and currently has more than 8 million records. We describe how CDC designed and produces 2 de-identified public datasets from these collected data.

Methods

We included data elements based on usefulness, public request, and privacy implications; we suppressed some field values to reduce the risk of re-identification and exposure of confidential information. We created datasets and verified them for privacy and confidentiality by using data management platform analytic tools and R scripts.

Results

Unrestricted data are available to the public through Data.CDC.gov, and restricted data, with additional fields, are available with a data-use agreement through a private repository on GitHub.com.

Practice Implications

Enriched understanding of the available public data, the methods used to create these data, and the algorithms used to protect the privacy of de-identified people allow for improved data use. Automating data-generation procedures improves the volume and timeliness of sharing data.
SCA-NGS: Secure compression algorithm for next generation sequencing data using genetic operators and block sorting
Authors: Sardaraz Muhammad , Tahir Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Recent advancements in sequencing methods have led to significant increase in sequencing data. Increase in sequencing data leads to research challenges such as storage, transfer, processing, etc. data compression techniques have been opted to cope with the storage of these data. There have been good achievements in compression ratio and execution time. This fast-paced advancement has raised major concerns about the security of data. Confidentiality, integrity, authenticity of data needs to be ensured. This paper presents a novel lossless reference-free algorithm that focuses on data compression along with encryption to achieve security in addition to other parameters. The proposed algorithm uses preprocessing of data before applying general-purpose compression library. Genetic algorithm is used to encrypt the data. The technique is validated with experimental results on benchmark datasets. Comparative analysis with state-of-the-art techniques is presented. The results show that the proposed method achieves better results in comparison to existing methods.
Is it enough for COVID-19 screening test? Limitation of swab test and general characteristics of mild symptom patients
Authors: Choi Sungwoo , Choi Hyo Jeong , Kim Ho Jung
Published: June 2021

The most common method for SARS-CoV-2 testing is throat or nasal swabbing by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. In South Korea, drive-through swab test is used for screening system and community treatment centers (CTCs), which admit and treat confirmed COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms, are being used. This retrospective study was conducted on patients admitted to a CTC on March 6, 2020. A total of 313 patients were admitted. The nasal and throat swabs were collected from the upper respiratory tract, and a sputum test was performed to obtain lower respiratory samples. The positive rate of the first set of test, sputum test was higher than that of the swab test ( p = 0.011). In the second set of test, 1 week after the first ones, the rate of positive swab tests was relatively high ( p = 0.026). In the first set of test, 66 of 152 (43.4%) patients showed 24-h consecutive negative swab test results, when the sputum test results were considered together, that number fell to 29 patients (19.1%) ( p < 0.001). Also, in the second set of test, 63 of 164 (38.4%) patients met the discharge criteria only when the swab test was considered; that number fell to 30 (18.3%) when the sputum test results were also considered ( p < 0.001). Using the swab test alone is insufficient for screening test and discharge decision. Patients who may have positive result in the sputum test can be missed.
The effectiveness of nurse-led self-management support program for people with chronic kidney disease stage 3-4 (CKD-NLSM): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ayat Ali Al Sawad , Lim Soo Kun , Tang Li Yoong , Rashid Aneesa Abdul , Chew Boon-How
Published: June 2021

The complexity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its treatments have made self-management behaviors inevitably challenging. However, supplementing education with self-management skills may improve numerous health outcomes in people with nondialysis CKD. This study protocol describes a randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to evaluate the effects of a nurse-led self-management support program as an intervention for kidney disease knowledge and CKD self-management behaviors among people with pre-dialysis CKD. In Phase 1, people with CKD stage 3–4 and their family members are involved in co-designing, development and pilot testing of a theory-based self-management intervention. In Phase 2, we perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the Kidney Disease Knowledge Survey, CKD Self-Management and Self-efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease questionnaires. In Phase 3, a parallel RCT will be conducted to evaluate the intervention where 154 participants with CKD stage 3–4 will be randomly assigned to either the intervention ( n = 77) or control group ( n = 77). The intervention group will receive 6-week self-management program from a nurse-coach in addition to standard usual care, while the control group will receive only standard usual care. Outcome measures include kidney disease knowledge, CKD self-management behavior, self-efficacy, quality of life, blood pressure control and adherence to CKD diet as indicated by 24-h urine urea nitrogen, 24-h urine sodium and net endogenous acid production. Data will be collected at baseline and 12-week post-baseline. The between- and within-group intervention effects will be estimated using the Generalized Estimating Equations. The self-management intervention offers strategies to delay CKD progression and to encourage motivation to better self-manage at home. This study integrates self-management education and psychosocial support with culturally relevant scenarios, and evaluates important self-reported and objective outcomes.

Clinical Trials Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov , identifier: NCT03974646.
Christian Zionist religiouscapes in Brazil: Understanding Judaizing practices and Zionist inclinations in Brazilian Charismatic Evangelicalism
Authors: Carpenedo Manoela
Published: June 2021

The increasing appropriation by Charismatic Evangelicals of Jewish narratives, rituals, and even Zionist anxieties is now evident in many parts of the globe. Drawing on two cases, one based on a Brazilian Neo-Pentecostal church and another based on an ethnographic investigation of a ‘Judaizing Evangelical’ community in Brazil this study interrogates to what extent we can comprehend this emerging tendency within Brazilian Charismatic Evangelicalism as a result of the spread of Anglo-American Christian Zionism. The article contends that while there are significant overlaps between Anglo-American Christian Zionism and the Zionist and Judaizing tendencies within Brazilian Charismatic Evangelicalism, it is reductionist to comprehend the Brazilian case exclusively through Anglo-American frameworks. Given the particularities of the Brazilian Charismatic evangelical context, the article points to the unique ways in which Christian Zionist tendencies are being ‘glocalized’ in this country.
A Critique of Tourism-Led Economic Growth Studies
Authors: Song Haiyan , Wu Doris Chenguang
Published: June 2021

During recent decades numerous academics have examined the tourism-led economic growth (TLEG) hypothesis, and a large number of related empirical studies have been published in the tourism literature. However, the research designs for many of these studies have not satisfactorily addressed the theoretical foundation that underpins the TLEG hypothesis. Their empirical analyses may therefore lead to unreliable or even misleading conclusions. This study critically evaluates these TLEG studies from both theoretical and empirical perspectives and provides recommendations for future TLEG studies.
Exploring Lifestyle Activities to Reduce Internalized Ageism: Self-Efficacy as a Mediator Between Exercise, Volunteering, Computer Use, and Self-Perceptions of Aging
Authors: Steward Andrew , Hasche Leslie
Published: June 2021

The objective of this study is to test self-efficacy as a mediator in the relationship between three lifestyle activities (exercise, volunteering, and computer use) and self-perceptions of aging (SPA) among older adults. We hypothesize that increased self-efficacy will mediate the relationship between lifestyle activities and more positive SPA. This is a cross-sectional, secondary data analysis drawn from the 2016 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; n = 4,561). Bootstrapping procedures were applied to test the significance of the indirect effects of self-efficacy in the relationship between lifestyle activities and SPA. Results indicate significant direct effects between exercise, computer use, and self-efficacy. Direct effects were observed between exercise, volunteering, computer use, and SPA. Self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between exercise, volunteering, computer use, and SPA. Implications for practitioners working with older adults are discussed. Future research should test formal intervention programs aimed at reducing internalized ageism through additional pathways.
Increasing Participation in Psychological Science by Using Course-Based Research Projects: Testing Theory, Using Open-Science Practices, and Professionally Presenting Research
Authors: Frankowski Scott D.
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Undergraduate research experiences prepare students for graduate training or employment.

Statement of problem:

At many teaching-intensive universities, there is a greater demand for research experiences than there are independent study opportunities. Students from typically underrepresented backgrounds may also be unaware of a department’s undergraduate research pipeline of independent study, honor’s theses, and internal research funding.

Literature review:

Course-based research contributes to diversity and inclusivity in access to undergraduate research experiences, especially at teaching-intensive universities. Course-based research is often integrated into methods courses, but not content courses.

Teaching implications:

I present practical ways to integrate research projects into courses. I stress the importance of testing theory, teaching open-science practices, and providing opportunities for students to present professionally. I also provide examples of implementing group research projects in content courses.

Conclusion:

Implementing course-based research projects, especially at teaching-intensive universities, can expand access to psychological science by providing valuable research opportunities for many students. Instructors can also benefit by intertwining their teaching, mentoring, and research goals. Future research should focus on experimentally testing learning outcomes.
Everything old is old again
Authors: Carroll John J
Published: June 2021

A purpose of the Master of Public Administration (MPA) program is to translate theory into practical concepts to prepare leaders of the public and nonprofit sectors. The practice continues to employ entrepreneurial activities throughout the world. The academy has researched, written, and published extensively about entrepreneurship to build knowledge. The author pulled together aspects of the research to build an applicable framework for entrepreneurship—presenting, publishing, and designing an MPA course. This paper discusses that journey. The author sought to find the extent of similar courses in other accredited programs. The findings did not reveal widespread dissemination of entrepreneurship courses. An unintended finding shows that core course offerings appeared to be largely unchanged for decades. Is it time to “reinvent” the MPA program?
Now You See Me, Now You Don’t: A Conceptual Model of the Antecedents and Consequences of Leader Impostorism
Authors: Kark Ronit , Meister Alyson , Peters Kim
Published: June 2021

Impostorism, a phenomenon whereby a person perceives that the role they occupy is beyond their capabilities and puts them at risk of exposure as a “fake,” has attracted plentiful attention in the empirical literature and popular media. However, despite evidence that impostorism is frequently experienced by people in leadership positions, there has been little consideration of why this happens. In this theoretical article, we explain why formal leadership roles—roles that are characterized by elevated expectations, high visibility, and high levels of responsibility—are fertile ground for impostorism experiences. We also discuss how the associated self-conscious emotions of shame and fear, can increase leaders’ risk-aversion and enhance leader role performance, yet at the same time drive emotional exhaustion, and reduce their motivation to lead. This can ultimately inhibit leaders from seeking, claiming, and thriving in leadership roles. We offer individual-, dyadic-, and organization-level contextual characteristics that can either enhance or reduce this phenomenon. We also discuss how supportive organizations can mitigate leadership impostorism. Furthermore, we highlight how women and minority-status leaders may be more vulnerable to this experience and conclude by suggesting the practical implications of the leader impostorism phenomenon for individuals and organizations.
Different Horizons: The Effects of Hedge Fund Activism Versus Corporate Shareholder Activism on Strategic Actions
Authors: DesJardine Mark R. , Shi Wei , Sun Zhihui
Published: June 2021

How do firms alter their strategic actions when targeted by different types of activist shareholders? We argue that hedge fund activists threaten firms in ways that lead them to conserve resources and to scale back and simplify their strategic actions, which refer to long-run competitive actions requiring substantial investment. By comparison, corporate shareholder activists bestow firms with new resources and freedoms that increase their flexibility to expand and complexify their strategic actions. Using a matched sample and difference-in-differences methodology, we find support for our theory: Firms targeted by hedge fund activists decrease the intensity and complexity of their strategic actions, while firms targeted by corporate shareholder activists increase the intensity and complexity of those actions. Our study contributes to research on shareholder governance and competitive dynamics by highlighting the differential effects of activist shareholders on targeted firms’ strategic actions.
Comparing Alternative Corrections for Bias in the Bias-Corrected Bootstrap Test of Mediation
Authors: Chen Donna , Fritz Matthew S.
Published: June 2021

Although the bias-corrected (BC) bootstrap is an often-recommended method for testing mediation due to its higher statistical power relative to other tests, it has also been found to have elevated Type I error rates with small sample sizes. Under limitations for participant recruitment, obtaining a larger sample size is not always feasible. Thus, this study examines whether using alternative corrections for bias in the BC bootstrap test of mediation for small sample sizes can achieve equal levels of statistical power without the associated increase in Type I error. A simulation study was conducted to compare Efron and Tibshirani’s original correction for bias, z 0, to six alternative corrections for bias: (a) mean, (b–e) Winsorized mean with 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% trimming in each tail, and (f) medcouple (robust skewness measure). Most variation in Type I error (given a medium effect size of one regression slope and zero for the other slope) and power (small effect size in both regression slopes) was found with small sample sizes. Recommendations for applied researchers are made based on the results. An empirical example using data from the ATLAS drug prevention intervention study is presented to illustrate these results. Limitations and future directions are discussed.