bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Farm diversification options for ensuring livelihood security of peri-urban farmers in eastern plateau and hill region: Learnings from Farmer FIRST Project
Authors: Kumar Priya Ranjan , Maurya Sudarshan , Chakrabarti Asit , Yadav V K , Naskar Soumen , Gupta Sanju , Kumari Sonal , Singh Arun Kumar , Bhatt B P , Das Bikash
Published: November 2022

The research work was undertaken in four villages near Ranchi, Jharkhand under the Farmer FIRST Project to test the effectiveness of the technological options in improving the profitability of peri-urban agriculture system. Based on Principal Component Analysis of data on agri-economic conditions of farmers, the farm households could be classified into five broad typologies, viz. 1: Marginal farmers and landless labourers, 2: Cereal dominated small farmers, 3: IFS based small farmers, 4: Livestock based marginal farmers and 5: Cereal based medium farmers. Results of two years of experimentation indicated promising technological options like rainy season cultivation of solanaceous vegetables, cultivation of crops like wheat, chickpea and other rabi and summer season vegetables in rice fallow, management of ecto- and endo parasite in the animals and supplementation of area specific mineral mixture, cultivation of oyster mushroom for increasing income from agricultural production system. The project has resulted in increase in income of all typologies of farmers with a maximum increase in case of small farmers practising integrated farming and minimum increase in case of marginal farmers and landless labourers. Notably, income from non-farm sources saw a decrease in all five typologies.
Impact of scientist-farmer interface in rainfed agro-ecosystem of North West Himalayan region: A case of Farmer FIRST Project in Doon Valley
Authors: BIHARI BANKEY , SINGH MADAN , BISHNOI RAJESH , ROY TRISHA , SINGH LAKHAN , KUMAR SURESH , CHAND LEKH , KADAM D M , SHRIMALI S S , MAURYA U K , MURUGANANDAM M , SHARMA S K , KUMAR RAKESH , MALIK ANIL
Published: November 2022

In North West Himalayan region, farmers tend to face problems related to production and natural resource management due to steep slopes; fragile geology and frequent landslides which leads to high soil erosion. The present study was conducted with the objective to assess the impact of Farmer FIRST Project on the livelihood of beneficiary farmers of study area. A sample of 300 farmers comprising of 180 beneficiary and 120 non-beneficiary farmers were selected through multi stage random sampling. To delineate the impact, with-without and before-after comparison on different aspects of Farmer FIRST Project were carried out. Study revealed that there exists a significant difference between beneficiary farmers and non-beneficiary farmers on various aspects, viz. awareness level, change in decision making behaviour, change in marketing behaviour, change in yield, change in income, change in cropping intensity and change in average annual employment days. Before-after comparison of beneficiary farmers showed that there is a significant increase in crop yield, cultivable area and average annual employment days. Hence, there is a need of upscaling the project for inclusion of more numbers of farmers and securing their livelihood.
Book Review: “Octavian Goga” County Library Cluj, The National Association of Public Librarians and Libraries in Romania, Cluj Branch Library, Library Science for Beginners, 2018, Casa Cărții de Știință, Cluj-Napoca.
Authors: Golban Paul-Daniel
Published: November 2022

The handbook Library Science for Beginners is definitely a much-needed appearance in our editorial landscape. Coordinated by the Centre for Professional Development from „Octavian Goga“ County Library Cluj, the handbook contains chapters and subchapters written by librarians with experience, such as Diana Baciu, Aura Câmpan, Delia Chira, Ghizela Cosma, Tatiana Costiuc, Ana Maria Dudescu, Simona Floruțău, Octavia Hulpoi, Floarea Elena Moșoiu, Anca-Maria Pop, Monica Sărăcuț, Luminița Sima, Georgeta Topan, Liana Vescan, Adriana Zotea and last, but not least, by the manager Sorina Stanca. The volume was published with the help of the Cluj County Council. [...]
Aspek Klinis Hiperurisemia
Authors: Anggraini Debie
Published: November 2022

Hiperurisemia disebabkan oleh dua faktor utama yaitu meningkatnya produksi asam urat dalam tubuh, hal ini disebabkan karena sintesis atau pembentukan asam urat yang berlebihan. Penyebab  asam urat ada dua macam, yang menyebabkan penyakit asam urat primer dan penyakit asam urat sekunder. Kadar asam urat dalam serum merupakan hasil keseimbangan antara produksi dan sekresi. Dan ketika terjadi ketidak seimbangan dua proses tersebut maka terjadi keadaan hiperurisemia, yang menimbulkan hipersaturasi asam urat yaitu kelarutan asam urat di serum yang telah melewati ambang batasnya, sehingga merangsang timbunan urat dalam bentuk garamnya terutama monosodium urat di berbagai tempat atau jaringan. Keadaan hiperurisemia dapat menimbulkan dampak klinis  timbulnya arthritis gout, nefropati gout, atau batu ginjal dan juga diperkuat oleh komorbiditas yang ditimbulkan berupa penyakit ginjal kronik, penyakit kardiovaskuler dan diabetes. Dapat terjadi akibat peningkatan metabolisme asam urat (overproduction) karena diet tinggi purin, penurunan ekskresi asam urat urin (underexcretion) karena pemecahaan asam nukleat yang berlebihan, atau gabungan keduanya.
Imunopatogenesis Karsinoma Hepatoselular
Authors: Anggraini Debie , Ade Putra Idriyan
Published: November 2022

Karsinoma Hepatoselular (KHS) yang diinduksi oleh HBV dan HCV berkembang dalam lingkungan peradangan dan regenerasi yang dihasilkan dari kerusakan hati kronis, menunjukkan bahwa patogenesis KHS dimediasi oleh kekebalan tubuh. Protein yang dikodekan HBV dan HCV mengubah ekspresi gen inang dan fenotipe seluler yang diakui sebagai ciri khas kanker. Perubahan-perubahan ini mendorong proliferasi faktor-independen, resistensi terhadap hambatan pertumbuhan, invasi dan metastasis jaringan, angiogenesis, pemrograman ulang metabolisme energi, dan resistensi terhadap apoptosis dalam menghadapi serangan kekebalan yang persisten dan selama intervensi terapi. Peradangan kronis juga meningkatkan ketidakstabilan genetik dalam sel tumor. Sel T regulator (Tregs) merupakan sel supresor yang dikenal paling baik dan telah dikenal menyupresi imunitas terhadap tumor dalam beberapa penelitian. Sel Treg memproduksi sitokin imunosupresi seperti interleukin 10 (IL-10) yang akan menyupresi sel T CD4 dan CD8 sehingga tumor dapat bertahan tetap ada. Sel Treg berperan utama dalam inhibisi sel T yang spesifik terhadap tumor dalam perkembangan KHS
Hubungan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Terhadap Pemakaian Antibiotika yang Rasional di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Gunung Kota Padang Panjang
Authors: Desnita Eka
Published: November 2022

Pendahuluan: Telah dilakukan pengabdian masyarakat didaerah Padang Panjang dimana banyak terdapat masyarakat yang berpendidikan menengah kebawah, sehingga terdapat masalah kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat di bidang kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat Padang Panjang KK miskin mengenai pemakaian obat-obatan khususnya antibiotika, sehingga mengurangi angka resistensi terhadap antibiotika. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat tingkat pengetahuanmasyarakat dalam pencegahan resistensi di wilayah Padang Panjang. Metoda: Jenis penelitian ini bersifat survei analitik dengan desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional study. Hasil: Hasil penelitian tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat adalah tinggi, dengan persentase 66.7%,sedangkan pencegahan resistensi adalah kurang baik dengan persentase 56.7%. Hasil uji statistic diperoleh nilai p = 0.602. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap pemakaian antibiotika yang rasional di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Gunung Kota Padang Panjang tahun 2022. Penelitian ini diharapkan  dapat memberikan informasi tentang pentingnya menggunakan obat antibiotika yang baikdan benar.
Professional indemnity insurance: taking care of business
Authors: Tinney Graeme
Published: November 2022

In this 'back to basics' article, Griffith's & Armour Professional Risks Director, Graeme Tinney, looks at some of the considerations for anyone purchasing professional indemnity insurance and the challenges they are likely to face.
Ambientalización de Universidades: O caso da UDC
Authors: Soto Castiñeira Manuel
Published: November 2022

Los derechos relativos a la apropiación inmaterial de la diversidad biológica y de los conocimientos tradicionales asociados generan conflictos de intereses entre ambientalistas, poblaciones indígenas de los países magadiversos y empresas transnacionales. Ese escenario refleja en el debate en torno de la formación de instrumentos legales para regular el acceso y la distribución de beneficios de los recursos biológicos, así como, de la necesidad de modificación en el actual sistema mundial de propiedad intelectual. El presente texto hace un breve análisis de los principales focos de esa disputa internacional presentando las posiciones defendidas por los diferentes actores junto al Convenio sobre Diversidad Biológica y la Organización Mundial de Comercio
Derechos intelectuales y el patrimonio genético de los paises megadiversos
Authors: Berger Filho Airton Guilherme
Published: November 2022

Los derechos relativos a la apropiación inmaterial de la diversidad biológica y de los conocimientos tradicionales asociados generan conflictos de intereses entre ambientalistas, poblaciones indígenas de los países magadiversos y empresas transnacionales. Ese escenario refleja en el debate en torno de la formación de instrumentos legales para regular el acceso y la distribución de beneficios de los recursos biológicos, así como, de la necesidad de modificación en el actual sistema mundial de propiedad intelectual. El presente texto hace un breve análisis de los principales focos de esa disputa internacional presentando las posiciones defendidas por los diferentes actores junto al Convenio sobre Diversidad Biológica y la Organización Mundial de Comercio.
Hydrophilic-Phase Extraction: A New Avenue of Solid-Phase Extraction for Oligonucleotide Bioanalysis
Authors: MacNeill Robert
Published: November 2022

A novel mode of bioanalytical solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been developed and used for a quantitative application involving an RNA oligonucleotide therapeutic candidate. Previously established protocols and media showed very little recovery, and so this new approach, based on hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) with an aminopropyl-bonded phase on a silica support and providing an essentially uncharted avenue of selectivity, was explored. The procedure featured only one step prior to sample load, high-organic sorbent conditioning, two washes following the load that switched between low and high pH, followed by elution in an a highly eluotropic HILIC composition. The moniker of “hydrophilic-phase extraction” (HPE) was given to the procedure. The HPE was proven to be a critical part of a fully quantitative HILIC–high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) method for the RNA oligonucleotide and has potential for general application.
Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación en Empresas del Sector Restaurantero
Authors: Valenzuela Acosta Rosa Elba , Moreno Valenzuela Mariana Janeth , Ochoa Jiménez Sergio , Jacobo Hernández Carlos Armando
Published: November 2022

Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación, adquirieron mayor importancia en tiempos actuales, debido  a la pandemia y el aislamiento social. Las empresas dedicadas a la venta de alimentos, por necesidad han incorporado dicha tecnología a su negocio. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar el uso de las tecnologías de información en las empresas del sector restaurantero. Para ello, se utilizó un cuestionario con 16 preguntas aplicado a empleados de  70 empresas de alimentos y bebidas en Ciudad Obregón, Sonora; México. Los primeros hallazgos permitieron afirmar que la mayoría de los establecimientos utilizan tecnologías de información, dentro de las más usadas son las aplicaciones de entregas a domicilio, las cuales son muy solicitadas por los clientes, ya que es una opción que facilita la entrega de sus pedidos, así también las redes sociales, que permite socializar la información de este tipo de organizaciones. Derivado de ello, se han obtenido beneficios en conservar y ampliar mercado, sin embargo, se sugiere mayor uso de software especializado y administrativo para el control de las operaciones y recursos internos.
Knowledge Intensive Smes In Transition To Society 4.0: Evidence From The Czech Republic
Authors: Vacek Jiří , Dvořáková Lilia
Published: November 2022

SMEs have significant role in the area of economy, social and environmental area and also in the areas of social and regional development. The dawn of the Society 4.0 driven by the exponential growth of performance of disruptive technologies of Industry 4.0 is reinforcing the role of knowledge intensive services. University of West Bohemia in partnership with the Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice focused on the adaptation of this segment of businesses in the project „Knowledge-intensive services sector adaptation to the conditions of Society 4.0“, supported by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic. The paper aims to attract attention of the broader community to the project findings and outcomes, to present main research outcomes related to adaptation of SMEs in the service sector, to introduce new insights and approaches to academic and professional community, especially to managers of companies undergoing the transformation process to Industry 4.0 and Society 4.0 conditions, and to raise the level of the knowledge base in the field of SMEs adaptation. The results of qualitative and quantitative research show that most of the companies that answered the questionnaire and participated in interviews were small and micro companies with positive approach to the forthcoming changes, however, there still remains a lot of space for improvement. Companies often use open innovation model to apply knowledge from external resources, as they miss the necessary capacities and face difficult access to financial resources for demanding investments in new technologies and, sometimes, lack of necessary competencies. Relatively low attention is paid to risk management, whose role in current volatile situations becomes extremely important and the company resilience often determines the company failure or success. The project contributed to development of proposals of activities, methods and tools that can contribute to reducing barriers on the road to Society 4.0 related not only to new technologies, but also to broader socioeconomic context, including transformations of jobs and job market. The unavoidable changes of the structure of economy, supply chains, education and training were further emphasized by covid pandemics and current war in Ukraine.
Adaptive Intelligence In Business: The Next Level Of Organizational Sustainment
Authors: L. Fioravante Philip
Published: November 2022

The concept of intelligence, as many prior researchers have suggested, is primarily tied to biological and cultural effectors. Intelligence refers to intellectual functioning. Organizations with specificity to those individuals within the ecosystem need to recognize and stand guard to support the notion of adaptability. In this sense, the workforce can have the ability to move to more efficient and effective actions to drive higher performance. Learning to be flexible and work in an open, cohesive manner is a means to adaptive intelligence. In fact, adopting a “look, listen and learn” mentality enables individuals within an organization to the adapt to changing environment real-time. Both adoption of novel approaches as well as adaptability to these approaches and development of a certain skill sets are both critical success factors in the drive to transformative organizational change. Learning by doing provides experience to employ in situations that may require adaption along with the ability to shape a particular environment. Adaptive intelligence at the micro-level and within a business setting provides organizations with the opportunity to have an engaged workforce who can continually deliver exceptional and collaborative performance for the greater good. Focusing on the individual mindset, organizations can build best in class teams who can adapt to the changing demands of the marketplace. Employ skills that are practical, agile and can be socialized are hallmarks of adaptive intelligence. A blend of IQ and emotional intelligence creates a soundness to an organization’s well-being and sustainability. Elements of critical thinking, as well as group think to synergize broad ideas and lastly, creativity all can be identified as rudiments within adaptive intelligence. Harnessing this phenomenon can provide organizations with a strong and clear path to greatness. The purpose of this article is to build upon the extraordinary prior work, especially of Robert Sternberg, and study the phenomena of adaptive intelligence within the context of business organizational ecosystems
Optimization of optical properties of Ge20Sb5Se75-based photonic crystal fibers
Authors:   Huynh Thuc Khang High School, Gia Lai Province, Vietnam, Thi Minh Ngoc VO , Viet Thanh TRAN ,   Tay Ninh High School, Tay Ninh City, Vietnam, Thi Hoai Sam CHU ,   Department of Physics, Vinh University, Vinh City, Nghe An, Vietnam, Tran Bao Tran LE ,   Department of Physics, Vinh University, Vinh City, Nghe An, Vietnam, Van Trong DANG ,   Department of Physics, Vinh University, Vinh City, Nghe An, Vietnam, Thi Thuy NGUYEN ,   University of Education, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam, Van Hieu LE ,   Faculty of Natural Sciences, Hong Duc University, Thanh Hoa City, Vietnam, Van Lanh CHU ,   Vinh University, 182 Le Duan Street, Vinh City, Vietnam.
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we present a new design of solid-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF), a Ge20Sb5Se75 substrate with a hexagonal lattice structure. The fiber characteristics are studied in the long-wavelength range (from 1.5 µm to 7.0 µm). A full modal analysis and optical properties of designed photonic crystal fibers with lattice constant Λ and filling factor d/Λ are presented in terms of chromatic dispersion, effective refractive index, nonlinear coefficients, and confinement loss. All-normal and anomalous flat dispersion with high nonlinearity and low confinement loss are the outstanding advantages of these photonic crystalline fibers. From there, three optimal structures with Ʌ = 2.0 µm, d/Ʌ = 0.35; Ʌ = 2.5 µm, d/Ʌ = 0.3 and Ʌ = 3.0 µm, d/Ʌ = 0.3 are selected and analyzed in detail for application in supercontinuum (SC) generation.
An approximate search algorithm for the student-internship allocation problem
Authors:   School of Engineering and Technology, Vinh University, Vietnam, Quang Ninh NGUYEN , Van Nam DINH ,   Faculty of Pedagogy, Ha Tinh University, Vietnam, Huu Viet HOANG ,   School of Engineering and Technology, Vinh University, Vietnam
Published: November 2022

This paper proposes an approximate search algorithm to solve the student-internship allocation problem. The key idea of the algorithm is that in each iteration, each student unassigned to an enterprise will be assigned to an enterprise where the student ranks it highest, and it remains at maximum capacity. If the enterprise assigned to the student overcomes its capacity, then the enterprise will remove a student to whom it ranks the worst student to allow it not to overcome its capacity. Experimental results with randomly generated datasets show that our algorithm is efficient for the problem of large sizes.
Management of Spent High Activity Radioactive Sources in the Philippines Using Mobile Hot Cell
Authors: Piquero Ronald , Marcelo Editha , Inovero Abelardo , Panlaqui Angelo
Published: November 2022

Spent high activity radioactive source (SHARS) is one type of sealed radioactive sources that are typically found inside teletherapy and irradiator devices. As described by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), these sources are classified as Categories 1 and 2, which pose high risks to human health if they are not managed properly. The radioactive waste management facility (RWMF) does not have the capability of handling SHARS; thus, the RWMF of the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI) initiated the safe and secure management of these sources with the assistance of the IAEA through the Nuclear Energy Corporation of South Africa (NECSA). The RWMF performed site preparation for the construction of the mobile hot cell (MHC). The management process involves dismantling the equipment, recovering and encapsulating the source, and placing it inside the long-term storage shields (LTSSs), which are performed inside the MHC. In total, 16 sources were successfully retrieved with a total activity of 204 TBq. The dose rate of both LTSS-1 and LTSS-2 at the surface of the shield was 103 μSv/h and 102 μSv/h, respectively – both of which are below the regulatory limit of 2 mSv/h for the safe transportation of radioactive package. The utilization of the MHC in managing SHARS has made it possible the safe and secure retrieval of SHARSs, given the lack of capability of the Philippines in handling this type of wastes.
Gamma Irradiation for the Inactivation of Aspergillus flavus Link in Copra (Dried Cocos nucifera L. Meat)
Authors: de Asis Darcy , Tumlos Roy , Sia Su Glenn
Published: November 2022

Aspergillus flavus is a known source of aflatoxin and other carcinogens that contaminates perishable goods such as copra, one of the top exports of the Philippines. Fungal contamination in perishable products has caused post-harvest losses and a significant threat to food safety and security. Existing methods to control or prohibit the growth of fungi have been a tedious process proven to be open to subsequent contamination. This study assessed the capability of gamma irradiation in inactivating A. flavus in copra. Locally acquired copra was inoculated with 5.8 × 103 CFU⁄ml of A. flavus’ spores. The contaminated copra was irradiated with varying doses of gamma radiation (0.3, 0.7, 1, 3 kGy). Results showed a decreasing trend in the fungal count as the absorbed doses of gamma irradiation increased. Irradiation of 0.7 kGy achieved a significant reduction of fungal count satisfying regulatory limits. The largest reduction in the fungal count was achieved by 3 kGy with < 1 log CFU⁄ml molds and yeast count (MYC). This study concludes that gamma radiation is effective in inactivating A. flavus.
Air Particulate Matter, Black Carbon, and Elemental Concentrations and Source Apportionment in Calaca, Batangas
Authors: Tuso Christian Amor , Magtaas Remjohn Aron , Punzalan Jervee , Yee Jhon Robin , Bautista Angel , Pabroa Preciosa Corazon
Published: November 2022

Urbanization is among the leading causes of increased air particulate pollution in Southeast Asia. This situation puts Calaca, Batangas – a first-class rural municipality transitioning to a renowned industrial hub – at risk of the harmful effects of air particulate matter (PM). To determine the composition and possible sources of air pollution in Calaca, ambient air particulate samples were collected from December 2018 to March 2019. A total of 52 filter samples, 26 each from the PM10–2.5 and PM2.5 fractions, were collected and analyzed for PM10, PM2.5, multiwavelength black carbon (BC), and elemental concentrations. Average PM10 and PM2.5 mass concentrations were 34.01 ± 12.03 μg/m3 and 10.62 ± 4.86 μg/m3, respectively. These concentrations comply with the annual National Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values (NAAQGV) of the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 but exceed the prescribed guideline value of the World Health Organization (WHO). Results from energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectroscopy, a nuclear analytical technique, showed 14 elements present in the PM2.5 fraction – namely S, Si, K, Fe, Ca, Al, Cl, Mn, Na, Ti, Zn, Ni, Sc, and Cu arranged in decreasing average concentrations. Average biomass (BBC) and vehicular black carbon (VBC) concentrations from multiwavelength analysis were 0.7 ± 0.3 μg/m3 and 0.7 ± 0.6 μg/ m3, respectively. By reconstructing masses using these data, contributions of different sources of air PM were determined to be salt (0.54%), soil (11.31%), (NH4)2SO4 (61.15%), VBC (6.33%), and BBC (6.28%). Conditional probability function (CPF) determined that sources of PM are likely located at the 30–60° and 180° directions from the sampling site. This study provides baseline data for the chemical composition and source identification of PM in Calaca, Batangas.
Use of Gamma Radiographic Testing to Determine the Number of Disused Californium-252 RadioactiveSources inside a Source Rod
Authors: Nohay Carl , Sulit Ramoncito , Barrida Andrew , Barro Norman Jay , Mundo Mary Rose , Tugo Joseph , de Vera Cecilia
Published: November 2022

DOST-PNRI licensees have three options once their radioactive sources become depleted or disused, either to a) return back the source to its principal of the country of origin, b) transfer to an authorized end-user, or c) dispose of to the Radiation Protection Services Section (RPSS) of DOST-PNRI for proper waste management. The concern began when it cannot determine the exact pieces of Californium-252 (Cf-252) piled inside a disposed source rod at RPSS due to conflicting records and lack of coordination between the user and other parties involved. The possibility of applying gamma radiographic testing has been realized as the most practical, fastest, and safest method among the other perceived techniques to determine and validate the exact quantity of Cf-252. In radiographic testing, gamma rays or X-rays are employed to check the internal structure of an item for any defects like cracks or flaws. Two radiographic shots were performed at two different angles using an Iridum-192 (Ir-192) gamma radiographic exposure device. The radiographs show the exact pieces of the Cf-252 inside the source rod disposed of at DOST-PNRI.
Capacity Building in Nuclear Science and Technologyin the Philippines through the Use and Operation of SmallNeutron Sources for Education, Training, and Research
Authors: Bautista Unico , Dingle Cheri Anne , Astronomo Alvie , Ramo Ma. Elina Salvacion Kristina , Hila Frederick , Jecong Julius Federico , Romallosa Kristine Marie , Olivares Ryan , Saligan Pablo , Guillermo Neil Raymund
Published: November 2022

For the past three decades, the Philippines’ expertise in nuclear science and technology (S&T) has diminished resulting from the shutdown of the Philippine Research Reactor-1 (PRR-1) in the 1980s. In addition, the mothballed Bataan Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP) and the low confidence in nuclear technologies led to the non-prioritization of nuclear science in the country. Consequently, new nuclear facilities were never re-introduced, and the transfer of knowledge declined and nuclear applications were limited to radiation and isotopic studies. If the current initiatives of the Philippines in the use of nuclear energy will push through, the country will need competent human resources who will be responsible for building the nuclear facilities and their safe operation. To augment the declined nuclear expertise in the country, the DOST-PNRI implemented capacity building activities to reestablish and sustain knowledge and expertise in nuclear S&T in the country. Activities that were implemented include the development of training materials for undergraduate students and the development of research facility using isotopic neutron sources. This paper discusses the capacity building strategies implemented and their significant outputs, as well as plans for sustainability and continual development.
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Coconut Leaf Beetle, Brontispa longissima (Gestro) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Obra Glenda , Zipagan Mateo , Javier Abigaile Mia
Published: November 2022

The effect of irradiation on the fecundity, egg hatchability, and longevity of the coconut leaf beetle (CLB) – Brontispa longissima (Gestro) – was studied using different doses of gamma radiation ranging from 20–50 Gy for pupa and adult males, and 20–40 Gy for adult females. The fecundity and fertility of adults decreased with irradiation dose. The pupae were more sensitive to irradiation than the adults based on LD50 values after 14 d. Adult females were more sensitive to irradiation than males based on fecundity and egg hatchability. No eggs were hatched at 40 Gy in irradiated females (IF) mated with unirradiated males (UM) and at 50 Gy in unirradiated females (UF) mated with irradiated males (IM), albeit with a significant effect on longevity at this dose. Using 45 Gy for mating competitiveness studies at a ratio of 1:15:1 (UF: IM: UM), wild females’ acceptance of IM was high based on the relative sterility index (RSI) value of 0.66.
Environmental Assessment of Metal Pollution in Manila Bay Surface Sediments
Authors: Olivares Ryan , Sta Maria Efren , Sombrito Elvira
Published: November 2022

The impact of human activities on the sediments of Manila Bay was evaluated through elemental analysis to determine the trace metal element concentration and calculate the corresponding metal enrichment factor (EF). The samples were analyzed using the X-ray tube-excited XRF (X-ray fluorescence) with Ag secondary target to quantify elements Mn to Pb, while the Fe target was used to quantify elements Na to Cr. The radioisotope-excited XRF with 241Am was used for Cd and Hg. The normalized EF has been calculated against baseline values to estimate the environmental impacts of human activity on the bay. In an attempt to provide a better understanding of sediment movement and reworking in the bay, spatial distribution of metals was correlated with the obtained 210Pb radioactivity levels in Manila Bay sediments. Overall, heavy metal and other trace elements are low in Manila Bay sediments, mostly ranging from deficient or minimal to moderate enrichment except for some stations where enrichment of Mn and Cu is significant. Nevertheless, there is a need to estimate the enrichment levels in marine sediments to effectively understand the risk and impact of heavy metals to support management and decision making for the rehabilitation, protection, and maintenance of a healthy ecosystem along the bay.
Exploring the Technological Frontier to Fuel Future Growth: Charting India’s Trajectory for Coming Decades
Authors: Pallegar Abhith
Published: November 2022

The paper aims to discuss the world of fast-paced technology from a Darwinian standpoint and examines the technological choices made by countries and the impact of such choices on their economic growth. The paper explores how a country’s economic growth is dependent on the strategic technological choices they make. By clubbing together the fate of countries and companies, we intend to simplify the narrative and explore a few key aspects such as the diminishing relevance of competitive behavior and ways of adapting to and adopting new technologies to become an evolutionary driver in a technology-centric world. This review highlights the need for exploring technological advancements at the periphery in delivering sustained future growth for countries like India. Historical evidence shows that adapting to newer technologies is more important than competing in legacy industries and sectors for a country to boost its economy. Adaptability is more essential for sustained economic growth than competing. The vision for India’s technological future should be to make strategic technological choices that have significant growth vectors working in its favor. Rapid technological changes mean that a country can pursue industries without having to go through the learning curve many other countries went through previously in their developmental history. In this fast-paced, techno-centric world, technological choices that are made today determine the quantum of associated economic growth in the future.
Suitability: a longitudinal study of adult-focused physical activity promotion web articles
Authors: Thomas Jafrā D. , Tse Ethan N. , Longoria Savannah A. , Christopher Cameron N. , Cardinal Bradley J.
Published: November 2022

A cross-sectional design has often been used to study the quality of health-related educational materials meant for lay adults (e.g., patients, the public). The present study addressed this research limitation. We documented the proportion of online physical activity promotion (PAP) material revised within a given time period and how quality was affected, if at all. PAP web articles (N = 139) meant for lay adults, written in English, and first sampled in July 2018, were resampled in July 2020. Mean publication year at timepoint 1 was 2016.82 (±1.24). At timepoint 2 it was 2018.78 (±1.39). At both timepoints, suitability for lay use was appraised using five dimensions of the suitability assessment of materials (SAM) protocol: i.e., content, literacy demand, graphics, layout and typography, and learning stimulation/motivation. There were 61 web articles (43.9%) with indicated revision and analyzed in the present study. Articles were distributed across four organizational subgroups: commercial (n = 21), government (n = 13), professional association (n = 10), and voluntary health agency (n = 17). In the aggregate sample, two SAM dimensions significantly improved: literacy demand (e.g., more active voice) and layout & typography (e.g., formatting). Often, organizational subgroups mirrored the aggregate sample. Although the overall suitability remained within the satisfactory range across the dimensions, a moderate-to-large number of articles remained unsatisfactory at timepoint 2 within several subdomains (e.g., reading grade level, summary section). This study’s findings further evidence PAP materials are somewhat suitable and the need to study suitability subdomains in addition to overall suitability.
0 - Prelim
Authors: Africa Development
Published: November 2022

Prelim
6 - Sabemos Resistir: Racismo e Sexismo na internet
Authors: Clemente Flávia da Silva
Published: November 2022

This article analyses the harmful implications of the historical phenomenon of racism and sexism in the lives of black women. Through their manifestations on the internet, namely in the form of hateful comments, it becomes clear that racism and sexism remain active and it is necessary that the black and black feminist movement start to act in the virtual environment to face it. We conclude that black digital activism is an important tool in the struggle to build associability without oppression and inequality.

Flávia da Silva Clemente, Doutora em Serviço Social, Professora do Departamento de Serviço Social da UFPE e integrante dos Coletivos Filhas do Vento e Acadêmicas Negras. Email: flaviaclemente2000@yahoo.com.br
8 - Políticas de igualdade racial: processos de conquistas de direitos no Brasil e no Continente Africano
Authors: Ribeiro Matilde
Published: November 2022

The article “Policies of racial equality: processes of conquests of rights in Brazil and the African Continent” presents a quick reflection on the existence of structural racism, which directly affects black people (women and men), and also the whole population. Facing this situation, throughout history, many have been the strategies of fights to guarantee human rights and racial justice. Five areas structure this article: Our steps come from distant: the fight for democracy, human rights, and culture; There is no democracy with racism; Fights of the Black Movement and Black Women’s Organizations in Brazil; Racial equality agenda of the relationship of Brazil and Africa; and Brazil integrating the logic of SULEAR the world. The article concludes that we must reinforce the daily fights for the guarantee of democratic rights and social justice, strengthen the utopia of broadening the conquests, and, above all, invest in structural changes.

Matilde Ribeiro, Professora adjunta na UNILAB – Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira. Email: mribeiro@unilab.edu.br
Cover page
Authors: Africa Development
Published: November 2022

Cover page
Konvansiyonel Bir Bankanın İslami Faizsiz Bankaya Dönüştürülmesinin Fıkhi Açıdan Analizi
Authors: DURMUŞ Abdullah
Published: November 2022

İslam iktisadı ve finansı son on yıllarda, özellikle de 2008 yılındaki global finansal kriz sonrasında bütün dünyanın dikkatini çeken bir odak noktası haline gelmiştir. Dünyanın farklı ülkelerinde ve Türkiye’de teorik-akademik ve uygulama sahasında çok önemli gelişmeler meydana gelmiştir. Son yıllarda Türkiye’deki en önemli gelişmenin, devletin de müstakil bir tüzel kişilik olarak katılım bankası kurması olmuştur. Bunun neticesinde faizsiz bankacılığın sektör içindekinin payının daha hızlı bir ivme ile artması beklenmektedir.

Ancak kanaatimizce bu gelişmeler, İslami bankacılık açısından hedeflenen büyüklüğe ulaşmakta yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu nedenle ileriki yıllarda başka bazı ülkelerde olduğu gibi ya yeni satın almalarla ya da faizli bir bankanın kendi içinde aldığı bir kararla, bazı faizli bankaların faizsiz bankacılığa dönüştürülmesi yönünde bir gelişme uzak bir ihtimal gibi görünmemektedir.

İşte bu nedenle makalemizde faizli bir bankanın faizsiz bankaya dönüştürülmesi gibi bir durumun ortaya çıkması halinde karşılaşılabilecek temel sorunlar ve İslam hukukçularının bu sorunlarla ilgili bakış açısı ele alınmıştır. Makalede, bu hususta yapılmış bazı özel (kişisel) çalışmalara ve bu alanda en fazla öne çıkan ve muteber sayılan kısa adı AAOIFI olan İslami Finansal Kuruluşlar Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurulu’nun Fıkıh Heyeti’nin belirleyip kabul ettiği standartlardan çokça istifade edilmiştir.
CILICIAN ARMENIA AND THE AYYUBID STATES (1171-1260)
Authors: TER-GHEVONDIAN VAHAN
Published: November 2022

Մենագրությունը նվիրված է Կիլիկյան Հայաստանի բազմազան փոխհարաբերություններին Այյուբյան պետությունների հետ՝ սկսած Սալահ ալ-Դինի կողմից Եգիպտոսում նոր սուլթանության հիմնադրումից (1171 թ.) մինչև Ասորիքի Այյուբյան պետության անկումը (1260 թ.): Քննության է առնված հատկապես Եգիպտոսի, Ասորիքի և Ջազիրայի (Վերին Միջագետք)՝ Այյուբյան պետական միավորների հետ Կիլիկիայի հայկական պետության վարած քաղաքականությունը, որը հաճախ անբաժանելի է հարևան այլ պետությունների հետ առնչություններից: Պարբերացման են ենթարկվել այդ երկրների միջև հարաբերությունները շուրջ 90 տարվա ժամանակահատվածում:
THE ARMENIAN POPULATED VILLAGES PROVINCE ACCORDING OF MUSH'S BULANYK TO THE LETTERS ADDRESSED TO MKRTICH KHRIMIAN CATHOLICOS Volume I
Authors: SAHAKYAN VERA
Published: November 2022

Ուսումնասիրութիւնը նուիրուած է Մշոյ Բուլանըք գաւառին։ Օսմաներէն նորայայտ աղբիւրների միջոցով անդրադարձ է կատարւում գաւառի կազմաւորմանը: Մաշտոցեան Մատենադարանում պահուող՝ հայ գաղթականների՝ 1893–1896 թթ. Մկրտիչ Ա. Խրիմեան կաթողիկոսին ուղղուած նամակների հիման վրայ այբբենական կարգով կազմուել է գաւառի հայաբնակ գիւղերի ցանկ՝ ընդարձակ նկարագրութիւններով եւ ծանօթագրութիւններով։ Ամեն գիւղին նուիրուած բաժնում զետեղուած են տուեալ գիւղի բնակիչների նամակները։
INSECTICIDAL POTENTIAL OF CERTAIN COMMON FERNS ON RUGOSE SPIRALLING WHITEFLY, ALEURODICUS RUGIOPERCULATUS MARTIN (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE)
Authors:   Department of Botany, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, D Sowmiya , S Surya Kumar ,   PG and Research Department of Botany, Nallamuthu Gounder Mahalingam College, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India, H Rehanabanu ,   Department of Botany, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, N SanthanaBharathi ,   Division of Entomology, UPASI TRF tea Research Institute, Valparai, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: November 2022

There is a search for plant based alternatives to synthetic chemicals to control pests in crop plants were started from any years back. In this study, the efficacy of common ferns to control the whitefly, Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in coconut plantation was investigated. The whiteflies are prevalent throughout the year in the coconut fields and cause severe losses to the farmers. Ferns such as Adiantum caudatum, Hemionitis opposita, Pteris biaurita, Thelypteris meeboldii and Nephrolepis cordifoliawere evaluated for their efficacy in the control of the whitefly, A. rugioperculatus. The aqueous extracts of the ferns were screened at different concentrations viz., 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0% against A. rugioperculatus under laboratory conditions. Extracts from H. opposita and Thelypteris meeboldii showed the maximum mortality rate of 87% followed by Nephrolepis cordifolia (86%), Adiantum caudatum (83%) and Pteris biaurita (77%) at 5% concentration after 96 hours of treatment. The phytochemical screening of the extracts showed a qualitatively increased level of saponins in H. opposita and T. meeboldii. Reduced chlorophyll, carbohydrate and amino acid content were observed in the whitefly's infested leaves and increased protein content was observed in the infested leaves. Based on the study, the aqueous extracts of H. opposita and T. meeboldii can be recommended for the whitefly control in coconut plantations
BIOEFFICACY OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE (METSCHN.) SOROKIN AGAINST THE COTTON STAINER, DYSDERCUS CINGULATUS (FAB.) (HEMIPTERA: PYRRHOCORIDAE)
Authors:   Department of Zoology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai – 627 002 Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti - 627 012, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India., M Velankanny , P Selvaraj ,   Department of Zoology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai – 627 002 Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti - 627 012, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India., Borgio J Francis ,   Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, John J Sherlin ,   Department of Zoology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai – 627 002 Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti - 627 012, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India., Rathnamala Jayaseeli J Princy ,   Department of Zoology, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai – 627 002 Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti - 627 012, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: November 2022

Entomopathogenic fungi play an important role in the biological control of the insect pest population in an agroecosystem. Metarhizium anisopliae is one such entomopathogenic fungus, proved to be an effective biocontrol agent against different insect pests. However, different strains of entomopathogens show variations in their pathogenicity and host specificity. Hence the present study is aimed to determine the bioefficacy of local isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus M. anisopliae to control Dysdercus cingulatus. Fungal strains were isolated from cotton fields in Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi, Thenkasi, and Viruthunagar districts of Tamil Nadu following standard protocols. Four different isolates were identified and used for the bioassay. Bioefficacy trials were carried out in all the five nymphal instars and the adults of D. cingulatus and were treated with eight different concentrations of M. anisopliae (101,102,103,104,105,106,107and 108 spores/mL). The formulations were evaluated for their pathogenicity and efficiency against D. cingulatusnymphal instars and adults which resulted in 70% to 100% mortality. A 100% mortality rate was observed in four isolates of M. anisopliae at higher concentrations (120 hrs) after treatment. Lethal concentration (LC50) values of M. anisopliae isolates against D. cingulatus were calculated as 5.94×107(ERUM1), 6.09×107(ERUM2), 2.62×107(ERUM3), 2.69×107(ERUM4). Approaching biocontrol agents instead of chemical pesticides seems to be very promising in the march towards more sustainable, eco-friendly agricultural pest management practices and protecting the environment
Theoretische Volkswirtschaftslehre
Authors: Richter Rudolf
Published: November 2022

Theoretical economics is the foundation of political economics. Its meaning lies in the area between private exchange and public coercion. In summary: control of individual behavior by coercion or control by free bargaining. It is, basically, a problem of rhetoric’s, not of science. To participate in the debate requires knowledge of the relevant arguments such as the theories of Walras or Keynes, Marx or Lenin. Boned up school knowledge does not help much.

The new edition is expanded with a chapter on "The Great Transformation."
TREATMENT OF PERIODONTITIS WITH INCLUSIVE ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS
Authors: Tatintsyan Lyudmila , Khachatryan Janna , Ambartsumyan Sona , Mikaelyan Arsen , Tatintsyan Valery , Pogosyan Minas , Hakobyan Anna , Kupelyan Arsen , Shahinyan Armen
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was the clinical testing of the paste with the antifungal drug "Narine" as a temporary therapeutic dressing (bandage) for endodontic treatment of chronic apical periodontitis.
Material and Methods: A total of 74 patients with сhronic apical periodontitis were selected for the study. All patients underwent a thorough clinical and microbiological examination according to the generally accepted scheme. Periapical radiographs were taken to monitor treatment. Patients were divided into 2 groups to evaluate the effectiveness of using a probiotic for endodontic therapy of chronic periapical periodontitis.
Group I included 54 patients with whom the composition of the paste was used as an antibacterial and antifungal agent, based on the previously obtained positive results of their physicochemical properties: zinc oxide (ZnO) - 2,5 parts, antifungal preparation - 1.0 part ("Narine"), eugenol (clove oil) - 1 part, which was left in the root canal for 7 days, followed by filling with zinc-eugenol paste; group II included 20 patients, whose root canals were treated according to the described method, followed by filling a sealant paste based on zinc-eugenol paste (without an antifungal component). The difference between the groups was that the main group was treated with temporary healing paste.
Results: The obtained results show that the antifungal drugs fluconazole, nystatin, "Narine" have antibacterial activity against Staphylolococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus Pseudomonas. Taking into account the beneficial effect on the periapical tissues and the obtained data of laboratory studies allowed us to use the above mentioned drugs in the treatment of root canals and subsequent obturation with their introduction into the sealer (a patent for the invention of material for filling root canals N 3426A, dated 18.01.2021 was received).
Conclusion: Proposed Temporary endodontic paste is an effective addition to the traditional therapy of chronic apical periodontitis and is recommended for its use in endodontics.
Biologic Shaping in Periodontal Therapy
Authors: Melker Danny , Rosenfeld Alan , Nares Salvador
Published: November 2022

This article focuses on biologic shaping during periodontal treatment. This is especially important if there is concavity or unevenness of the enamel near the edge of the crown. This can create an unmanageable situation and increase the risk of further loss of bone support. The point is that biologic shaping in periodontal therapy limit unnecessary bone removal and create a biocompatible environment. Biologic shaping preserve bone, creating the biologic width necessary for tooth restoration. However, putting biological shaping into practice requires a team approach with a deep understanding of fundamentals, anatomy, surgical and reconstructive procedures, materials, and final reconstructive contours. When performed correctly, it can improve the long-term prognosis of dental health.