bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of immunoserological detection of anti-liver kidney microsomal, anti-soluble liver antigen and anti-mitochondrial antibodies
Authors: Campos-Murguia Alejandro , Henjes Nicole , Loges Stephanie , Wedemeyer Heiner , Jaeckel Elmar , Taubert Richard , Engel Bastian
Published: June 2023

Autoantibodies are the diagnostic hallmark of autoimmune liver diseases. Indirect immunofluorescence (IFT) is the reference method for the detection of anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) and anti-liver kidney microsomal type-1 (anti-LKM1) antibodies, and inhibition ELISA (iELISA) for anti-soluble liver antigen (anti-SLA) antibodies. Given the complexity of these techniques, commercial ELISAs have emerged as a practical alternative, but without head-to-head validations. This study evaluated the agreement between three commercial ELISAs and the reference techniques and the impact of polyreactive immunoglobulin G (pIgG), a recently described phenomenon in autoimmune hepatitis, on commercial ELISAs. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using Cohen-Kappa coefficient (κ). Forty-eight, 46, and 66 samples were analyzed for AMA, anti-LKM1, and anti-SLA, respectively. For AMA, one commercial assay showed high agreement (κ = 0.91 (0.78–1.00)) with the reference method, while the other two showed weak or moderate agreement. For anti-LKM1, only one commercial assay showed high agreement (κ = 0.86 (0.71–1.0)). For anti-SLA antibodies only moderate agreement was achieved (κ up to 0.71 (0.52–0.89)). There was a trend towards higher pIgG levels in false-positives in the commercial ELISAs. Patients with high suspicion of autoimmune liver diseases should be referred to reference laboratories with the capacity of performing gold standard methods if the initial ELISA-based screening was performed.
A comparison of performance between a deep learning model with residents for localization and classification of intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Angkurawaranon Salita , Sanorsieng Nonn , Unsrisong Kittisak , Inkeaw Papangkorn , Sripan Patumrat , Khumrin Piyapong , Angkurawaranon Chaisiri , Vaniyapong Tanat , Chitapanarux Imjai
Published: June 2023

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) from traumatic brain injury (TBI) requires prompt radiological investigation and recognition by physicians. Computed tomography (CT) scanning is the investigation of choice for TBI and has become increasingly utilized under the shortage of trained radiology personnel. It is anticipated that deep learning models will be a promising solution for the generation of timely and accurate radiology reports. Our study examines the diagnostic performance of a deep learning model and compares the performance of that with detection, localization and classification of traumatic ICHs involving radiology, emergency medicine, and neurosurgery residents. Our results demonstrate that the high level of accuracy achieved by the deep learning model, (0.89), outperforms the residents with regard to sensitivity (0.82) but still lacks behind in specificity (0.90). Overall, our study suggests that the deep learning model may serve as a potential screening tool aiding the interpretation of head CT scans among traumatic brain injury patients.
Prognostic impact of blood urea nitrogen to albumin ratio on patients with sepsis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Yuhe , Gao Shan , Hong Lei , Hou Tingting , Liu Huihui , Li Meng , Yang Shu , Zhang Yong
Published: June 2023

To investigate the ability of the ratio of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to serum albumin ratio (BAR) in patients with sepsis in intensive care units (ICUs) to predict the prognosis of short-and long-term death. Data are from the Marketplace for Intensive Care Medical Information IV (MIMIC-IV v2.0) database for patients with sepsis as defined by SEPSIS-3. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality and the secondary outcome was 360-day mortality. Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival curves were plotted to describe differences in BAR mortality in different subgroups and area under the curve (AUC) analysis was performed to compare the predictive value of sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), BAR, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and albumin. Multivariate Cox regression models and subgroup analysis were used to determine the correlation between BAR and 30-day mortality and 360-day mortality. A total of 7656 eligible patients were enrolled in the study with a median BAR of 8.0 mg/g, including 3837 in the ≤ 8.0 group and 3819 in the BAR > 8.0 group, with 30-day mortality rates of 19.1% and 38.2% (P < 0.001) and 360-day mortality rates of 31.1% and 55.6% (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression models showed an increased risk of death for 30-day mortality (HR = 1.219, 95% CI 1.095–1.357; P < 0.001) and 360-day mortality (HR = 1.263, 95% CI 1.159–1.376; P < 0.001) in the high BAR group compared to the low BAR group. For the 30-day outcome, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.661 for BAR and 0.668 for 360-day BAR. In the subgroup analysis, BAR remained an isolated risk factor for patient death. As a clinically inexpensive and readily available parameter, BAR can be a valuable forecaster of prognosis in patients with sepsis in the intensive care unit.
Causal factors in primary open angle glaucoma: a phenome-wide Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Julian Thomas H. , Girach Zain , Sanderson Eleanor , Guo Hui , Yu Jonathan , Cooper-Knock Johnathan , Black Graeme C. , Sergouniotis Panagiotis I.
Published: June 2023

Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a chronic, adult-onset optic neuropathy associated with characteristic optic disc and/or visual field changes. With a view to identifying modifiable risk factors for this common neurodegenerative condition, we performed a ‘phenome-wide’ univariable Mendelian randomisation (MR) study that involved analysing the relationship between 9661 traits and POAG. Utilised analytical approaches included weighted mode based estimation, the weighted median method, the MR Egger method and the inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach. Eleven traits related to POAG risk were identified including: serum levels of the angiopoietin-1 receptor (OR [odds ratio] = 1.11, IVWp = 2.34E-06) and the cadherin 5 protein (OR = 1.06, IVWp = 1.31E-06); intraocular pressure (OR = 2.46–3.79, IVWp = 8.94E-44–3.00E-27); diabetes (OR = 5.17, beta = 1.64, IVWp = 9.68E-04); and waist circumference (OR = 0.79, IVWp = 1.66E-05). Future research focussing on the effects of adiposity, cadherin 5 and angiopoietin-1 receptor on POAG development and progression is expected to provide key insights that might inform the provision of lifestyle modification advice and/or the development of novel therapies.
Frequency and characteristics of patients with bispectral index values of 60 or higher during the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia with remimazolam
Authors: Choi Byung-Moon , Lee Ju-Seung , Kim Kyung Mi , Bang Ji-Yeon , Lee Eun-Kyung , Noh Gyu-Jeong
Published: June 2023

In Korea, the approved anesthetic regimen of remimazolam starts with 6 mg/kg/h or 12 mg/kg/h until loss of consciousness, followed by maintenance at 1–2 mg/kg/h. Some patients receiving remimazolam for general anesthesia experience occasional difficulty maintaining bispectral index (BIS) value ˂ 60. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the data from patients undergoing elective surgery under remimazolam based-general anesthesia to determine the frequency and physical characteristics of patients with BIS values ˂ 60. The criterion was established for patients with a poorly maintained BIS value < 60. The frequency and physical characteristics of patients who satisfied this criterion were investigated through their medical records. The modified Brice interview was conducted within 24 h after surgery. Among the 1500 patients included in the analysis, 61 (4.1%) met the criteria for BIS ˂ 60. Based on the modified Brice interview, none of the patients with poorly maintained BIS ˂ 60 complained of intraoperative awareness based on the modified Brice interview or exhibit specific physical characteristics. These patients accounted for less than 5% of the total population studied. Notably, physical characteristics alone are insufficient to predict such patients before surgery.
Characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Yang Chao , Xu Jianguo , Xu Xiaomin , Xu Wen , Tong Bangzhuo , Wang Shulin , Ji Rujie , Tan Yan , Zhu Ying
Published: June 2023

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is rising in incidence and is an increasingly common cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Alterations in the gut microbiota have been shown to correlate with the development and progression of MAFLD. However, little is known regarding differences in the gut microbiomes of MAFLD patients and healthy cohorts, and subgroups at the abnormal activity of hepatic enzymes in China. In this study, we enrolled 81 MAFLD patients and 25 healthy volunteers. The fecal microbiota was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic sequencing. The results suggested that Ruminococcus obeum and Alistipes were most enriched in healthy individuals when compared with MAFLD patients. Microbe‐set Enrichment Analysis (MSEA) results showed Dorea, Lactobacillus and Megasphaera are enriched in MAFLD group. We also found that Alistipes has negatively related to serum glucose (GLU), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Moreover, the abundance of Dorea was found to be significantly overrepresented in the MAFLD patients and the degree of enrichment increased with the increasing abnormal liver enzyme. An increase in Dorea, combined with decreases in Alistipes appears to be characteristic of MAFLD patients. Further study of microbiota may provide a novel insight into the pathogenesis of MAFLD as well as a novel treatment strategy.
Novel synthesis of siligraphene/tungstates (g-SiC/AWO) with promoted transportation of photogenerated charge carriers via direct Z-scheme heterojunctions
Authors: Afsharpour Maryam , Darvishi-Farash Somayeh
Published: June 2023

We developed here the efficient photocatalysts for the removal of high concentrations of tetracycline under visible light by immobilizing the AWO (A = Ag, Bi, Na) nanocrystals on the surface of siligraphene (g-SiC) nanosheets. The g-SiC/AWO composites was synthesized by magnesiothermic synthesis of g-SiC and sonochemical immobilization of tungstates. These new heterojunctions of g-SiC/tungstates show superior photocatalytic activities in the degradation of high concentrations of tetracycline and 97, 98, and 94% of tetracycline were removed by using low amounts of g-SiC/Ag2WO4, g-SiC/Bi2WO6, and g-SiC/Na2WO4 catalysts, respectively. Based on band structures, the band gaps reduce and the photocatalytic activities were extremely enhanced due to the shortening of electron transfer distance through the Z-scheme mechanism. Also, the graphenic structure of g-SiC is another parameter that was effective in improving photocatalytic performance by increasing the electron transfer and decreasing the rate of electron–hole recombination. Furthermore, the π back-bonding of g-SiC with metal atoms increases the electron–hole separation to enhance the photocatalytic activity. Interestingly, g-SiC composites (g-SiC/AWO) showed much higher photocatalytic properties compared to graphene composites (gr/AWO) and can remove the tetracycline even at dark by producing the oxygenated radicals via adsorption of oxygen on the positive charge of Si atoms in siligraphene structure.
Characterization of two novel lytic bacteriophages having lysis potential against MDR avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strains of zoonotic potential
Authors: Sattar Sadia , Bailie Marc , Yaqoob Akasha , Khanum Sofia , Fatima Kaniz , Altaf Anees Ur Rehman Bin , Ahmed Ibrar , Shah Syed Tahir Abbas , Munawar Javeria , Zehra Quaratul Ain , Daud Sajeela , Arshad Ayesha , Imdad Kaleem , Javed Sundus , Tariq Amira , Bostan Nazish , Altermann Eric
Published: June 2023

Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) is associated with local and systemic infections in poultry, ducks, turkeys, and many other avian species, leading to heavy economical losses. These APEC strains are presumed to possess zoonotic potential due to common virulence markers that can cause urinary tract infections in humans. The prophylactic use of antibiotics in the poultry sector has led to the rapid emergence of Multiple Drug Resistant (MDR) APEC strains that act as reservoirs and put human populations at risk. This calls for consideration of alternative strategies to decrease the bacterial load. Here, we report isolation, preliminary characterization, and genome analysis of two novel lytic phage species (Escherichia phage SKA49 and Escherichia phage SKA64) against MDR strain of APEC, QZJM25. Both phages were able to keep QZJM25 growth significantly less than the untreated bacterial control for approximately 18 h. The host range was tested against Escherichia coli strains of poultry and human UTI infections. SKA49 had a broader host range in contrast to SKA64. Both phages were stable at 37 °C only. Their genome analysis indicated their safety as no recombination, integration and host virulence genes were identified. Both these phages can be good candidates for control of APEC strains based on their lysis potential.
High-gain printed monopole antenna with dual-band characteristics using FSS-loading and top-hat structure
Authors: Danuor Patrick , Moon Jung-Ick , Jung Young-Bae
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a printed monopole antenna with high-gain and dual-band characteristics for applications in wireless local area networks and the internet of things sensor networks is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular patch with multiple matching stubs surrounded to improve the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. The antenna incorporates a cross-plate structure which is seated at the base of the monopole antenna. The cross-plate consist of metallic plates aligned perpendicularly which enhances the radiations from the edges of the planar monopole to maintain uniform omnidirectional radiation patterns within the antenna’s operating band. Furthermore, a layer of frequency selective surface (FSS) unit cells and a top-hat structure is added to the antenna design. The FSS layer consist of three unit cells printed at the back side of the antenna. The top-hat structure is placed on top of the monopole antenna and comprises of three planar metallic structures arranged in a hat-like configuration. The coupling of both the FSS layer and the top-hat structure presents a large aperture to increase the directivity of the monopole antenna. Thus, the proposed antenna structure realizes a high gain without compromising the omnidirectional radiation patterns within the antenna’s operating band. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated where good agreement is achieved between the measured and full-wave simulation results. The antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth |S11| < − 10 dB and VSWR ≤ 2 for the L and S band at 1.6–2.1 GHz and 2.4–2.85 GHz, respectively. Furthermore, a radiation efficiency of 94.2% and 89.7% is realized at 1.7 and 2.5 GHz, respectively. The proposed antenna attains a measured average gain of 5.2 dBi and 6.1 dBi at the L and S band, respectively.
A screening method for cervical myelopathy using machine learning to analyze a drawing behavior
Authors: Yamada Eriku , Fujita Koji , Watanabe Takuro , Koyama Takafumi , Ibara Takuya , Yamamoto Akiko , Tsukamoto Kazuya , Kaburagi Hidetoshi , Nimura Akimoto , Yoshii Toshitaka , Sugiura Yuta , Okawa Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Early detection of cervical myelopathy (CM) is important for a favorable outcome, as its prognosis is poor when left untreated. We developed a screening method for CM using machine learning-based analysis of the drawing behavior of 38 patients with CM and 66 healthy volunteers. Using a stylus pen, the participants traced three different shapes displayed on a tablet device. During the tasks, writing behaviors, such as the coordinates, velocity, and pressure of the stylus tip, along with the drawing time, were recorded. From these data, features related to the drawing pressure, and time to trace each shape and combination of shapes were used as training data for the support vector machine, a machine learning algorithm. To evaluate the accuracy, a receiver operating characteristic curve was generated, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Models with triangular waveforms tended to be the most accurate. The best triangular wave model identified patients with and without CM with 76% sensitivity and 76% specificity, yielding an AUC of 0.80. Our model was able to classify CM with high accuracy and could be applied to the development of disease screening systems useful outside the hospital setting.
Tumor acidity-induced surface charge modulation in covalent nanonetworks for activated cellular uptake: targeted delivery of anticancer drugs and selective cancer cell death
Authors: Santra Subrata , Das Shreya , Sengupta Arunima , Molla Mijanur Rahaman
Published: June 2023

A β-thioester and tertiary amine based nanonetwork endowed with dual pH responsive features (tumor acidity induced surface charge modulation and endosomal pH triggered degradation) has been designed for targeted chemotherapeutic applications.
Atmospheric-pressure atomic layer deposition: recent applications and new emerging applications in high-porosity/3D materials
Authors: Chen M. , Nijboer M. P. , Kovalgin A. Y. , Nijmeijer A. , Roozeboom F. , Luiten-Olieman M. W. J.
Published: June 2023

Atmospheric-pressure atomic layer deposition (ALD) is an upcoming technology poised to revolutionize the commercial production of large-area substrates and unlock new applications in high-porosity/3D materials.
Models of the putative antimony(v)–diolate motifs in antileishmanial pentavalent antimonial drugs
Authors: Lindquist-Kleissler Brent , Johnstone Timothy C.
Published: June 2023

Models of Sb-containing antileishmanial drugs have been prepared to identify spectroscopic signatures needed to understand the structures of the drugs.
Syntheses, crystal structures and MMCT properties of diruthenium-based cyanido-bridged RuV/VI2–NC–RuII complexes
Authors: Li Ting-Ya , Su Shao-Dong , He Yong , Wu Xin-Tao , Sheng Tian-Lu
Published: June 2023

For those cyanido-bridged trinuclear complexes, as the donor character of CpMex(dppe)RuCN and the electron-accepting capability of the higher valent Ru2 cluster enhanced, the Ru → Ru2 MMCT bands shifted to lower energies.
How can plant-based protein–polysaccharide interactions affect the properties of binary hydrogels? (A review)
Authors: Kazemi-Taskooh Zahra , Varidi Mehdi
Published: June 2023

As the simultaneous presence of proteins and polysaccharides can significantly affect the properties of hydrogels, the current article can throw light on the differences between single-polymeric gels and the binary ones.
A quantitative analysis method for LIBS methane detection based on C and CN line competition—MEWE-SC equation
Authors: Zhou Zhuoyan , Ge Yifan , Zhang Xinyang , Yang Minglei , Sun Zhongmou , Liu Yuzhu
Published: June 2023

A multidimensional entropy weight empirical equation based on the spectral competition between C and CN (MEWE-SC equation).
Temperature-responsive binary superlattices prepared by the selective solvent evaporation of O/W microemulsion composed of gold nanoparticles and surfactants
Authors: Yoon Young-Jin , Ha Jae-Min , Seo Hyuk-Jin , Jang Jong Dae , Do Changwoo , Kim Tae-Hwan
Published: June 2023

Self-assembled BNSLs of CaF2-, AlB2-, and NaZn13-types were prepared by using a two-step evaporation method in aqueous solution, and the resulting structures were controlled by the the size and concentration of AuNPs and temperature.
The ruthenium complex assists in nuclear targeting and selective killing of tumor cells
Authors: Lu Yu , Zhu Di , Chan Liujia , Hu Bo , Tuohan MarMar , Li Li , Wang Wei , Wang Yuji
Published: June 2023

NBD-Ru has dual antitumor and antimetastatic activities. Its self-assembly ability and the binding ability to transferrin assist in nuclear targeting and selective killing of tumor cells. It could realize DNA binding, thus causing cell cycle arrest.
Artemannuols A–C, novel sesquiterpenoid–flavonol hybrids with antihepatoma activity from Artemisia annua
Authors: He Xiao-Feng , Wang Meng-Fei , Li Tian-Ze , Ma Yun-Bao , Chen Ji-Jun
Published: June 2023

Artemannuols A–C (1–3), which represent the first hybrid examples of sesquiterpenoid–flavonol, were isolated from Artemisia annua. Compounds 1–3 showed inhibitory effects against HepG2, Huh7, and SK-Hep-1 cell lines.
Prospects of 2D graphdiynes and their applications in desalination and wastewater remediation
Authors: Ghosh Adrija , Orasugh Jonathan Tersur , Ray Suprakas Sinha , Chattopadhyay Dipankar
Published: June 2023

Graphdiyne 2D-nanomaterial having uniform pores structure favor its applications in wastewater remediation. This article provides deep insights into GDY's structure, properties, synthesis methods, and its applications in wastewater treatment.
New cyclic glycolipids from Silene succulenta promote in vitro MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell apoptosis by cell cycle arrest and in silico mitotic Mps1/TTK inhibition
Authors: Badawy Sarah A. , Hassan Ahmed R. , Elkousy Rawah H. , Abu El wafa Salwa A. , Mohammad Abd-El salam I.
Published: June 2023

S. succulenta may be effective in the treatment of breast cancer (MCF-7). In addition, these findings suggest that the isolated new cyclic glycolipids using a bioactive-guided approach can be used as potential antitumour breast cancer agents.
Solar-driven seawater desalinationviaplasmonic hybrid MOF/polymer and its antibacterial activity
Authors: Hayes Ola. R. , Ibrahim Amr Awad , Adly Mina Shawky , Samra S. E. , Ouf A. M. A. , El-Hakam S. A. , Ahmed Awad I.
Published: June 2023

In recent years, solar seawater desalination has been considered to be a promising and cost-effective technique to produce clean sources for water treatment and water deficiency.
A combination of angle insensitive stopband/passband filters based on one-dimensional hyperbolic metamaterial quasiperiodic photonic crystals
Authors: Mohamed Aliaa G. , Elsayed Hussein A. , Sabra Walied , Aly Arafa H. , Mehaney Ahmed
Published: June 2023

In the present work, we demonstrate the transmittance properties of one dimensional (1D) quasi-periodic photonic crystals that contain a superconductor material and a hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM).
UV ozone treatment for oxidization of spiro-OMeTAD hole transport layer
Authors: Hayashi Ryotaro , Murota Ayane , Oka Kengo , Inada Yuhi , Yamashita Kenichi
Published: June 2023

UV ozone treatment as a possible way of quickly oxidizing spiro-OMeTAD, used as a hole transport layer in perovskite solar cells.
Two Schiff base iodide compounds as iodide ion conductors showing high conductivity
Authors: Duan H. B. , Pan X. , Yu S. S. , Zhang H.
Published: June 2023

The Schiff base cations build irregular channel frameworks and the polyiodide anions are located in the channel. The dielectric modulus analysis confirmed the conductance contributed from the migration of iodide ions.
Membrane-based purification and recovery of phosphate and antibiotics by two-dimensional zeolitic nanoflakes
Authors: Wu Tong , Chen Wenqian , Wu Minghong , Zhang Yizhou
Published: June 2023

This study presents a solution immersion method for fabricating zeolitic nanoflakes with controlled heteroepitaxial growth on membranes, enabling efficient phosphate and tetracycline uptake in high saturation capacities.
Environmentally friendly loading of palladium nanoparticles on nanoporous PET track-etched membranes grafted by poly(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) via RAFT polymerization for the photocatalytic degradation of metronidazole
Authors: Parmanbek Nursanat , Sütekin S. Duygu , Barsbay Murat , Aimanova Nurgulim A. , Mashentseva Anastassiya A. , Alimkhanova Assel N. , Zhumabayev Alisher M. , Yanevich Alyona , Almanov Alimzhan A. , Zdorovets Maxim V.
Published: June 2023

Poly(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) functionalized PET TeMs with Pd nanoparticles provide high catalytic ability for the photodegradation of the metronidazole, and the highest degradation efficiency was obtained in the presence of Pd_Asc@PVP-g-PET membrane.
Investigation of cellulose dissolution in morpholinium-based solvents: impact of solvent structural features on cellulose dissolution
Authors: Naserifar Shirin , Koschella Andreas , Heinze Thomas , Bernin Diana , Hasani Merima
Published: June 2023

A series of N-methylmorpholinium salts with varying N-alkyl chains and Cl−, OAc− and OH− as counter ions have been investigated for their ability to dissolve cellulose aiming at elucidating solvent structural features affecting cellulose dissolution.
Direct hydrogen selenide (H2Se) release from activatable selenocarbamates
Authors: Newton Turner D. , Li Keyan , Sharma Jyoti , Champagne Pier Alexandre , Pluth Michael D.
Published: June 2023

Mechanistic differences in S/Se chemistry enable direct H2Se release from selenocarbamates.
Stereoselective alkylC-glycosylation of glycosyl estersviaanomeric C–O bond homolysis: efficient access toC-glycosyl amino acids andC-glycosyl peptides
Authors: Chen Anrong , Zhao Shiyin , Han Yang , Zhou Zhenghong , Yang Bo , Xie Lan-Gui , Walczak Maciej A. , Zhu Feng
Published: June 2023

A novel photoredox-catalyzed radical conjugate addition of 1,4-dihydropyridine-derived glycosyl esters and dehydroalanine derivativesviaanomeric C(sp3)–O bond homolysis to constructC-glycosyl amino acids and peptides is for the first time described.
Synthesis and comparison of iso-structural f-block metal complexes (Ce, U, Np, Pu) featuring η6-arene interactions
Authors: Murillo Jesse , Goodwin Conrad A. P. , Stevens Lauren , Fortier Skye , Gaunt Andrew J. , Scott Brian L.
Published: June 2023

Reaction of a terphenyl bis(anilide) ligand with trivalent halide precursors of Ce and early actinides yield both neutral and “-ate” complexes. These molecules afford comparative insight into f-block metal–arene bonding.
Revealing the role of nitroxyl during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury with a NIR-II luminescent nanoprobe
Authors: Li Chenchen , Bi Wenqiang , Liang Tao , Li Zhen , Liu Zhihong
Published: June 2023

An activatable ratiometric NIR-II nanoprobe was developed to visualize the fluctuation of HNO levels in the HIRI process in vivo. With this probe, we reveal the physiological role of HNO as a product of stress reaction during the HIRI process.
Detecting and characterizing phase transitions in active matter using entropy
Authors: Sorkin Benjamin , Be’er Avraham , Diamant Haim , Ariel Gil
Published: June 2023

Experimental snapshots showing swarming Bacillus subtilis bacteria of various aspect ratios at different area fractions. The entropy of cell configurations was used to detect phase transitions.
Crafting core–shell heterostructures of carbon nanotubes and N,O-coordinated cobalt site-impregnated conjugated porous polymers for highly efficient oxygen reduction
Authors: Ma Rui , Xie Zhengjiao , Xu Xiaoxue , Tang Chenglong , Liu Xueqin , Zhu Yunhai , Cui Xun , Yang Yingkui
Published: June 2023

A core–shell heterostructured CNTs/Co–N,O-CP catalyst with well-defined Co–N2O2active sites was craftedviaa viable one-step pyrolysis-free approach for high-efficiency oxygen reduction.
Unveiling the corrosion mechanism of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) toward mild steel from ab initio molecular dynamics: how the “nitro-to-amino” reaction matters
Authors: Guo Ziyang , Qin Liyuan , Zhao Shuai , Wang Deqiu , Lv Xijuan , Qiang Yujie , Guo Wei , Shu Qinghai , Yao Y.
Published: June 2023

The iron surface plays a crucial role in its own corrosion by facilitating the “nitro-to-amino” reaction of NTO and its anion with the assistance of hydrogen bonding.
Thermal conductivity and closed-loop recycling of bulk biphenyl epoxy composites with directional controllable thermal pathways
Authors: Luo Fubin , Cui Wenqi , Zou Yingbing , Li Hongzhou , Qian Qingrong
Published: June 2023

The bulk epoxy composites are fabricated by film-stacking method based on covalent adaptable networks. Directional controllable high thermal conductivity is realized by altering stacking mode.
Correction: Tumor-targeting, enzyme-activated nanoparticles for simultaneous cancer diagnosis and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Shi Huaxia , Sun Wucheng , Liu Changbing , Gu Guiying , Ma Bo , Si Weili , Fu Nina , Zhang Qi , Huang Wei , Dong Xiaochen
Published: June 2023

Correction for ‘Tumor-targeting, enzyme-activated nanoparticles for simultaneous cancer diagnosis and photodynamic therapy’ by Huaxia Shi et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2016, 4, 113–120, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TB02041G.
Magneto-structural properties of rhombohedral Ni and Ni–B nanotubes deposited by electroless-plating in track-etched mica templates
Authors: Muench Falk , Schaefer Sandra , Méndez Miguel , Fernández-Roldán Jose Angel , González-García A. Silvia , Vega Víctor , Kunz Ulrike , Ensinger Wolfgang , García Javier , Prida Víctor M.
Published: June 2023

Rhombohedral Ni-based nanotubes embedded in mica templates display triaxial magnetic anisotropy. This provides an additional degree of freedom for tuning the particular magnetic behavior exhibited by these nanostructures.
Isomerization design for improving the efficiency of red thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters based on pyridopyrazinophenanthroline acceptor
Authors: Yuan Guo , Wang Da-Hao , Xie Feng-Ming , Zhang Bo , Hu Ying-Yuan , Zhang Qiang , Li Hao-Ze , Li Yan-Qing , Tang Jian-Xin , Zhao Xin
Published: June 2023

A novel rigid acceptor PPP was developed, and two red TADF isomers were designed and synthesized. The device based on otriTPA-PPP shows excellent performance with EQEmaxof 24.8% at 597 nm due to the introducing of intramolecular H-bonding.
High sodium promotes the secretion and synthesis of PTH through PiT-1-IKKβ pathway in parathyroid gland in vitro
Authors: Shen Aiwen , Wang Yu , Ye Guoxin , Mao Jianping , Zhang Qian , Chen Jing
Published: June 2023

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is secreted by the parathyroid glands (PTGs) and is an important hormone regulating mineral metabolism. Previous studies reported that high sodium diet will cause the increase in serum PTH, but the specific mechanism is unknown. Consequently, the present study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of high sodium on PTH synthesis and secretion from PTGs. We developed a tissue culture model using normal rat PTGs, discovered that sodium elicited and promoted concentration-dependent and time-dependent PTH secretion. Changes in sodium-associated transporters from PTGs incubated with high sodium were thoroughly examined. Increased expression of sodium-phosphate cotransporter Slc20a1 (also known as PiT-1) was observed. Further tests revealed that PiT-1 activated the NF-κB signaling pathway, resulting in increased IKKβ phosphorylation, IKBα degradation, and increased p65 phosphorylation followed by nuclear entry, which led to increased PTH transcription. Meanwhile, IKKβ phosphorylated SNAP23, promoting exocytosis and eventually led to increased PTH secretion. In conclusion, our findings indicate that PiT-1 plays an important role in the increased secretion and synthesis of PTH directly induced by high sodium under physiological conditions, and may provide a potential therapeutic target for secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT).
Gaussian low‐pass channel attention convolution network for RF fingerprinting
Authors: Zhang Shunjie , Wu Tianhao , Wang Wei , Zhan Ronghui , Zhang Jun
Published: June 2023

Radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting is a challenging and important technique for individual identification of wireless devices. Recent work has applied deep learning‐based classifiers to ADS‐B signals without missing aircraft ID information. However, traditional methods are not very effective in achieving high accuracy for deep learning models to recognize RF signals. In this letter, a Gaussian low‐pass channel attention convolution network, which uses a Gaussian low‐pass channel attention module (GLCAM) to extract fingerprint features with low frequency. Specifically, in GLCAM, a frequency‐convolutional global average pooling module is designed to help the channel attention mechanism learn channel weights in the frequency domain. Experimental results on large‐scale real‐world ADS‐B signal datasets show that the method can achieve an accuracy of 92.08%, which is 6.21% higher than convolutional neural networks.
Model predictive current control with a finite set of novel voltages and modulator in permanent magnet synchronous motor drives
Authors: Kawai Hiroaki , Cordier Julien , Kennel Ralph , Doki Shinji
Published: June 2023

Finite control set model predictive control (FCS–MPC) has been deployed extensively in electric motor drives and power electronics applications. Many advantages, including fast transient response, have been reported. However, the improvement of its steady‐state performance, that is, suppression of current ripple, is one of the main problems of a conventional FCS–MPC strategy. This article presents a current control strategy based on FCS–MPC using the concept of variable voltage smoothing. In the proposed method, a finite set of novel voltage vectors, produced by the smoothing process, are introduced as candidate control input candidates, and the controller generates the optimum output voltage using a modulator integrated with the FCS–MPC scheme. Thus, the voltage candidates are generated flexibly, and a suitable voltage for acceptable steady‐state performance is determined as the control input. In addition, the smoothness in the proposed concept can be updated automatically depending on the drive situation, that is, transient, or steady‐state operation, thus avoiding degradation of dynamic performance. Simulation and experimental results obtained with a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive system demonstrate that the proposed control strategy is effective to achieve current control with fast tracking performance while suppressing current ripple.
Analysis of isolated phase windings and permanent magnet assists high energy efficient hybrid‐reluctance motor for electric vehicle
Authors: Prabhu Sundaramoorthy , Vijayakumar Arun , Stonier Albert Alexander , Peter Geno , Dorji Sonam , Ganji Vivekananda
Published: June 2023

This article describes the electromagnetic analysis of high efficient hybrid motor, which comprises the salient features of switched reluctance motor (SRM) and spoke‐type brushless DC motor. The main objective is to develop a motor with a high‐power density and winding faulty capability. Furthermore, this research article extends in the manner to increase the power density of the motor through the sensitivity analysis on rotor geometry by replacing the rotating part of SRM and adopting the rotor of spoke type brushless DC motor, originating the hybrid motor with the high‐power density and enhanced efficiency. To ensure the winding fault capability, a SRM‐based stator winding is adopted. Then, the modelling process for hybrid motor 48 V, 1500 RPM, 2 kW, and 12.7 Nm are detail in both analytical and finite element methods. The electromagnetic analysis is carried out to estimate the torque characteristics and flux pattern of the proposed motor. Furthermore, the proposed motor is analysed with the selection of laminating core material among M 27 24 Ga, 36F155, 46F165, 47F165, M 420 50D, and arnon 7. This infers 36F155 material assists proposed motor has high‐performance characteristics. The vibration frequencies are investigated in modal aspects to estimate the natural frequencies of vibrations. These analyses are validated among analytical and finite element results under no‐load conditions.
Tower impulse grounding resistance measurement based on multiple frequency impedance
Authors: Dan Yihua , Zhang Ruixuan , Wu Yongye , Li Yiqiao , Wang Xuement , Yang Jian
Published: June 2023

Tower impulse grounding resistance is important for judging the lightning protection performance of transmission lines. Therefore, it is significant to accurately measure the tower impulse grounding resistance. Existing measurement methods mainly contain the real‐type test method and the impulse coefficient method. However, the real‐type test method requires heavy and complex excitation and measuring equipment, which is difficult to be used in a practical environment. The impulse coefficient method adopts the empirical equations, which could have large measurement errors in different environments. To solve the above problems, this paper studies a novel impulse grounding resistance measurement method (IGRMM) based on multiple frequency impedance. Spectrum characteristics of typical lightning currents and the calculation method of impulse grounding resistance of grounding electrodes are studied, the IGRMM is proposed. Finally, a case study and on‐site tests are carried out. The results show that the proposed IGRMM can accurately obtain the impulse grounding resistance by measuring grounding impedance at a few frequency points, which helps accurate and convenient evaluation of impulse grounding performance in practical environments and lightning protection performance of the power transmission systems.
A direct bonding copper degradation monitoring method for insulated gate bipolar transistor modules: Boundary‐dependent thermal network combined with feedback control
Authors: Zhang Xiaotong , Cheng Zhuolin , Sun Xing , Wu Kangning , Li Jianying
Published: June 2023

The direct bonding copper (DBC) substrates of insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules degrade inevitably under cycling thermo‐mechanical stress, causing potential threat to the reliability of IGBT modules. However, little attention has been paid to monitoring their degradation. This paper proposes a DBC degradation monitoring method for IGBT modules, which combines boundary‐dependent thermal network and feedback control. A thermal network is employed to describe the internal material degradation of IGBT modules and can be extracted from a finite‐element method model. The boundary conditions including power losses and DBC degradation are considered, enabling the thermal network suitable for various working conditions and different DBC degradation conditions of IGBT modules. The DBC degradation is characterised by its equivalent thermal conductivities measured in the thermal cycling ageing experiments. On the basis of the boundary‐dependent thermal network, feedback control is applied to monitor DBC degradation by regulating boundary‐dependent thermal impedances. Finally, the proposed model is verified from the effectiveness and accuracy of DBC degradation monitoring and junction temperature calculation. This method casts new light on thermal network modelling and could provide a feasible method for the monitoring of DBC degradation.
A dual‐layer polarisation rotating element for transmitarray designs
Authors: Rao Wei , Wang Yuqing , Guo Lu
Published: June 2023

A transmitarray adopting dual‐layer polarisation rotating (PR) elements is proposed. The element comprises a pair of perpendicularly placed C‐shaped slots etched on the two sides of a single‐layer substrate and orthogonally rotates transmission wave polarisation with regard to the incidence. By adjusting C‐shaped slot's dimension as well as mirroring the bottom layer of the element, a 360° phase shift with a high transmission magnitude is achieved. Based on the proposed unit‐cell, a dual‐layer transmitarray composed of 529 elements is designed and developed. The experimental 1‐dB gain bandwidth and peak aperture efficiency are 13% and 44% respectively. Furthermore, sidelobe level of 20 dB and cross polarisation level of 26 dB are obtained at 10 GHz. These promising properties demonstrate the superiority of the element for transmitarray designs. In addition, this element can be also a good candidate for folded transmitarray designs.
Uncertainty in phosphine photochemistry in the Venus atmosphere prevents a firm biosignature attribution
Authors: Wunderlich Fabian , Grenfell John Lee , Rauer Heike
Published: June 2023

Context. The possible detection of phosphine (PH3) in the clouds of Venus has raised the question as to which processes could produce such large abundances of PH3. Previous studies suggested that abiotic processes including photochemical production cannot explain the claimed PH3 concentrations. However, the photochemistry of phosphorus-bearing species in the atmosphere of Venus is not well known.

Aims. We aim to assess the abiotic production of PH3 considering the effect of uncertainties in the chemical rate coefficients of phosphorus-containing reactions.

Methods. Using a photochemical column model, we simulated Venus-like conditions and varied the chemical rate coefficients with a Monte Carlo (MC) approach in order to estimate the associated error in the PH3 abundances throughout the atmosphere.

Results. Current uncertainties and missing data in photochemical rate coefficients lead to a variation of about six orders of magnitude in the modelled PH3 abundance on Venus, assuming photochemical production of PH3 from tetraphosphorus hexoxide (P4O6) pathways. Our results suggest an abiotically produced upper limit of 2 ppb PH3 between 50 and 60 km. These concentrations are in the range of a recent reanalysis of Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) data, suggesting planet-averaged abundances in PH3 of 1–4 ppb above 55 km. Future observations of phosphorus monoxide (PO) on Venus would be beneficial for increasing our confidence in assessing PH3 as a biosignature.

Conclusions. We conclude that due to the large uncertainties in phosphorus chemistry, even a firm detection of several ppb PH3 in the Venus atmosphere would not necessarily mean a biological origin.
Testing ultralow amplitude Cepheid candidates in the Galactic disk by TESS and Gaia
Authors: Tarczay-Nehéz Dóra , Molnár László , Bódi Attila , Szabó Róbert
Published: June 2023

Ultralow amplitude (ULA) and strange mode Cepheids are thought to be pulsating variable stars that are near to or are at the edges of the classical instability strip. Until now, a few dozen such variable star candidates have been found both in the Large Magellanic Cloud and the Milky Way. For the present work, we studied six ULA Cepheid candidates in the Milky Way, identified by using CoRoT and 2MASS data. In order to identify their positions in the period–luminosity and color–magnitude diagrams, we used the Gaia DR3 parallax and brightness data of each star to calculate their reddening-free absolute magnitudes and distances. Furthermore, we calculated the Fourier parameters (e.g., period and amplitude) of the light variations based on CoRoT and TESS measurements, and established the long-term phase shifts for four out of six stars. Based on the results, we conclude that none of the six ULA Cepheid candidates are pulsating variable stars, but rather rotation-induced variable stars (rotational spotted and α2 Canum Venaticorum variables) that are either bluer or fainter than Cepheids would be.
Photometric variability of the LAMOST sample of magnetic chemically peculiar stars as seen by TESS
Authors: Labadie-Bartz J. , Hümmerich S. , Bernhard K. , Paunzen E. , Shultz M. E.
Published: June 2023

Context.High-quality light curves from space-based missions have opened up a new window on the rotational and pulsational properties of magnetic chemically peculiar (mCP) stars and have fuelled asteroseismic studies. They allow the internal effects of surface magnetic fields to be probed and numerous astrophysical parameters to be derived with great precision.

Aims.We present an investigation of the photometric variability of a sample of 1002 mCP stars discovered in the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) archival spectra with the aims of measuring their rotational periods and identifying interesting objects for follow-up studies.

Methods.Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data were available for 782 mCP stars and were analysed using a Fourier two-term frequency fit to determine the stars’ rotational periods. The rotational signal was then subtracted from the light curve to identify additional non-rotational variability signals. A careful pixel-level blending analysis was performed to check whether the variability originates in the target star or a nearby blended neighbour. We investigated correlations between the observed rotational periods, fractional age on the main sequence, mass, and several other observables.

Results.We present rotational periods and period estimates for 720 mCP stars. In addition, we have identified four eclipsing binary systems that likely host an mCP star, as well as 25 stars with additional signals consistent with pulsation (12 stars with frequencies above 10 day−1and 13 stars with frequencies below 10 day−1). We find that more evolved stars have longer rotation periods, which is in agreement with the assumption of the conservation of angular momentum during the main-sequence evolution.

Conclusions.With our work, we increase the sample size of mCP stars with known rotation periods and identify prime candidates for detailed follow-up studies. This enables two paths towards future investigations: population studies of even larger samples of mCP stars and the detailed characterisation of high-value targets.
Translational Research Techniques for the Facial Plastic Surgeon: An Overview
Authors: Mason William , Levin Albert M. , Buhl Katherine , Ouchi Takahiro , Parker Bianca , Tan Jessica , Ashammakhi Nureddin , Jones Lamont R.
Published: June 2023

The field of facial plastic and reconstructive surgery (FPRS) is an incredibly diverse, multispecialty field that seeks innovative and novel solutions for the management of physical defects on the head and neck. To aid in the advancement of medical and surgical treatments for these defects, there has been a recent emphasis on the importance of translational research. With recent technological advancements, there are now a myriad of research techniques that are widely accessible for physician and scientist use in translational research. Such techniques include integrated multiomics, advanced cell culture and microfluidic tissue models, established animal models, and emerging computer models generated using bioinformatics. This study discusses these various research techniques and how they have and can be used for research in the context of various important diseases within the field of FPRS.
Association between Kinesiophobia, Anxiety, and Chronic Neck Pain among Computer Programmers in Bangalore
Authors: Ghaie Kamakshi , Anand Milan
Published: June 2023

Background Owing to progress in information and communication technology, use of computers has been increased in developed nations. Neck discomfort is known to have psychological effect that makes daily life challenging and contributes toward persistence. To create an effective, reliable rehabilitation plan and improve the existing protocols available for the patients, the proposed study attempted to address the subject of the association between kinesiophobia, anxiety, and chronic neck pain.

Objective The aim of this study was to find the association between kinesiophobia, anxiety, and severe neck pain among computer programmers.

Method After getting the consent, 388 subjects based on selection criteria were recruited from various information technology industries in Bangalore. Then, the subjects underwent a check for neck pain using Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaires that were divided into case and control groups, respectively. Subjects were thereafter assessed for kinesiophobia and anxiety using Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia and Penn State Worry Questionnaire, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the collected data using SPSS software.

Results Out of 388 participants, the neck pain prevalence was found to be 68.80%. The result shows that the mean and standard deviation for kinesiophobia and anxiety score was 43.47 ± 16.132 and 47.15 ± 22.799 for case group, respectively, whereas for control group, it was 22.40 ± 6.470 and 21.92 ± 9.656, respectively. Significant association between kinesiophobia anxiety and long-term neck pain in computer programmers that shows p-value less than 0.05 was detected with chi-squared test.

Conclusion There was positive association seen in kinesiophobia and anxiety among computer programmers with persistent neck pain.