bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación de metodologías para determinar las características físicas de un sustrato de fibra
Authors: Soto Bravo Freddy , Betancurt Flores Alejandro
Published: August 2022

Introducción. El incremento en la demanda de sustratos como medio de cultivo alternativo a suelos contaminados con complejos de fitopatógenos, plantea la necesidad de validar metodologías para la evaluación agronómica de sus características físicas y químicas. Aunque existen diferentes métodos, la falta de validación y homologación entre y dentro de países, dificulta el control de calidad de materiales nacionales e importados, lo que limita el éxito de cultivos en sustrato. Objetivo. Evaluar 3 distintas metodologías para determinar las  características físicas de un sustrato de fibra de coco. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron los métodos de porómetro, contenedor “in situ” y caja de arena para determinar la densidad aparente (DA) y los porcentajes de componente sólido (CS), de humedad (θ) a capacidad de contenedor (θCC), de capacidad de aireación (CA) y de porosidad total (PT). Adicionalmente, la caja de arena permitió determinar los contenidos de humedad a diferentes potenciales mátricos desde θCC hasta punto de marchitez permanente (PMP). Resultados. Los valores de CA, θCC, PT y CS no fueron estadísticamente diferentes (p>0,05) entre métodos, y únicamente la DA fue ligeramente inferior (p<0,05) en el método del porómetro. Conforme incrementó la θCC desde 74,9% en el método de contenedor hasta 77,18% en la caja de arena, al mismo tiempo la CA tuvo un comportamiento inverso al disminuir desde 16,33% hasta 15,13%. Consecuentemente, la PT y el CS fueron similares entre métodos, con valores promedio de 91,67% y 8,47%, respectivamente. El método de caja de arena, a diferencia de los otros, permitió construir la curva de desorción de agua:aire y así determinar los contenidos de agua fácilmente disponible (AFD: 23,6%), de agua de reserva (AR: 2,3%) y de agua no disponible (AND: 49,9%). Conclusión. Todos los métodos permitieron determinar las características físicas de DA, CA, θCC, PT y CS de la fibra de coco. Los métodos de porómetro y contenedor “in situ”, presentan las ventajas de ser muy prácticos a un bajo costo, sin embargo, en comparación al método de caja de arena no permiten la elaboración de la curva de liberación de agua y aire y la determinación de los diferentes tipos de agua en el sustrato.
Efecto de la inoculación con Trichoderma sobre el crecimiento vagetativo del tomate (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Rodríguez García Daniela , Vargas Rojas Jorge
Published: August 2022

Introducción. Trichoderma spp. posee varios mecanismos para ayudar con la promoción del crecimiento de las plantas: síntesis de fitohormonas, producción de vitaminas, solubilización de nutrientes, aumento de la captación y translocación de nutrientes, mayor desarrollo de la raíz y aumentos en la tasa metabólica. Objetivo. Evaluar la promoción del crecimiento de las plantas de tomate inoculadas con cepas nativas e importadas de Trichoderma spp. tanto a nivel de invernadero como en campo. Materiales y métodos. El ensayo se realizó en invernadero y campo en setiembre del 2018, el suelo estaba infestado con Fusarium oxysporum. Se utilizaron cepas de Trichoderma spp., aisladas de productos comerciales (THU-01 y THC-02) y 2 cepas nativas (THM-03 y THM-04), se aplicaron los tratamientos con una concentración de 12 x 109 esporas.mL-1 tanto a nivel de invernadero en maceteras y en campo, con un tratamiento testigo que era sin Trichoderma. En ambos experimentos se utilizó un diseño completamente aleatorizado con 5 repeticiones por tratamientos. Se evaluaron las siguientes variables: a) altura (cm), b) longitud de raíz (cm), c) biomasa seca (g) y d) número de hojas. Resultados. Las plantas de tomate inoculadas con las diferentes cepas de Trichoderma spp., presentaron mayor cantidad de hojas, longitud de raíz, altura y biomasa. Las cepas T. asperellum y T. asperelloides fueron las que presentaron valores significativamente mayores en la mayoría de las variables evaluadas. Conclusión. Existen cepas nativas de la especie de Trichoderma que promueven el crecimiento vegetal de las plantas de tomate como llevar a mayor acumulación de biomasa, incremento de la altura, más longitud de raíz y número de hojas tanto a nivel de invernadero como en campo; donde la mejor fue la especie de T. asperrellum (nativa); no obstante, se obtuvieron resultados similares con la especie importadaT. asperelloides.
Tolerancia de varias leguminosas de cobertura a herbicidas pre y posemergentes
Authors: Gómez Gómez Robin , González Lutz María Isabel
Published: August 2022

Introducción. Los cultivos de cobertura compiten en sus etapas iniciales de crecimiento  con las malezas, por lo que en áreas donde predominan malezas de muy rápido crecimiento es necesaria la aplicación de herbicidas para controlarlas mientras la cobertura se establece. Objetivo. Evaluar la tolerancia de las leguminosas Mucuna pruriens (L) DC cv. preta, M. pruriens cv. cinza, Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek, Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb) Benth. y Crotalaria spectabilis Roth a herbicidas preemergentes y posemergentes. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron 2 estudios en un invernadero de la Universidad de Costa Rica, situado en Alajuela, Costa Rica. En el primer experimento se evaluaron los herbicidas posemergentes cletodim, fluazifop-p-butil, fomesafen y bentazon, en el 2012 y se repitió en el 2013. El segundo experimento se realizó 2 veces en el 2014 para evaluar los herbicidas preemergentes pendimetalina, oxifluorfen, alachlor y linuron. Se evaluó la altura, el grado de daño y el peso seco de las plantas sembradas en potes de 1,5 litros. El diseño experimental utilizado fue completamente aleatorio. Resultados Todas las especies evaluadas, con excepción de P. phaseoloides, resultaron tolerantes a bentazon, cletodim y fluazifop-p-butil. Estas especies también mostraron tolerancia a alaclor, linuron y pendimetalina. P. phaseoloides fue tolerante a fomesafen y fluazifop-p-butil, pero resultó moderadamente afectado por los herbicidas preemergentes. Solamente las plantas aplicadas con oxifluorfen y fomesafen evidenciaron una reducción significativa del peso seco, con excepción de las plantas de P. phaseoloides aplicadas con fomesafen. Conclusión. Las leguminosas evaluadas resultaron tolerantes a la mayoría de los herbicidas aplicados para control de monocotiledóneas y dicotiledóneas.
Uma analise do impacto do comércio eletrônico no aumento das vendas e da sua influencia no comercio exterior
Authors: Da silva Nayara ricardo , Da cunha Jacilene miriam ribeiro , De albuquerque Helena paula cavalcanti
Published: August 2022

Atualmente tem crescido consideravelmente o número de empresas a vender produtos através da internet, isso devido a rápida difusão dessa ferramenta no mundo globalizado e também ao tempo que as pessoas não dispõem de comprar nas lojas físicas. Uma vez que as mesmas se encontram cada vez mais atarefadas. Isso faz com que a procura por produtos por meio da internet aumente e consequentemente aumente também o número de vendas, o que acarreta ganhos estrondosos para empresas de todo porte, já que o número de compras faz com que seu lucro aumente significativamente.
Sendo assim o presente estudo busca identificar o impacto do comércio eletrônico no aumento das vendas por meio da internet. Na metodologia adotou-se as pesquisas do tipo exploratória-descritiva de natureza quantitativa. Onde os dados serão levantados através de pesquisas bibliográficas, nos mais diversos sites especializados em e-commerce. Na análise foi estudado o perfil do comércio eletrônico no mundo e no Brasil em 2015 e analisado como aconteceu a prática de cross border no mesmo período assim também como foi mostrado de forma resumida três casos de sucesso a operar no segmento de e-commerce no país. Quanto a conclusão foi possível concluir que o impacto do comércio eletrônico no aumento das vendas por meio da internet, tende a ser cada vez mais positivo tanto em faturamento quanto em volume de pedidos.
Marlowe and Prayer
Authors: Eriksen Roy
Published: August 2022

This article argues that  Marlowe's persuasive dramatic poetry, the admired but also ridiculed “mighty line,” is closely related to Marlowe's theological training in general and to prayer in particular. The conventions of sincere prayer alluded to in the Good Angel’s line to Faustus in II.i.16 seem deliberately to be pitted against the friars’ traditional or “Catholic,” prayer-like incantation to expell him. Why there has been little focus on this aspect of Marlowe’s grounding in biblical style is hard to tell, especially when there has been such interest in contemporary theological issues in general. This may be so because of Marlowe’s preference for daring topics and because of his reputation as a “reckless” young man about town and a figure associated more readily with the spectacular accusations launched by Robert Greene or John Baines, than with his years of study in theology and related subjects at Corpus Christi in Cambridge.
Twinship and Occult References in Twelfth Night
Authors: Cartwright Kent
Published: August 2022

We think of Renaissance dramatic comedies as ending when facts and reason dispel misconceptions, such that a rational and coherent picture of the narrative whole emerges.  Yet in Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night certain elements in the denouement—involving nature, androgyny, and spiritual genius and related to magic and occultism—emphasize a multiplicity or surplus of meaning that resists rationalization and closure.  With such devices, Shakespeare imbues comedy with intellectual depth, memorability, and affective power, even joy.
Operating regime investigational study of steel-reinforced concrete superstructure flexible pin stops of the existing road bridge
Authors: Kozak Nikolai
Published: August 2022

In the article, the author published the full-scale experiment results on an existing steel-reinforced concrete road bridge, carried out to determine the actual parameters of the operation regime of the interconnection elements — flexible pin stops. This work was carried out as part of the author's dissertation research in the field of improving methods for testing the elements' endurance of the steel-reinforced concrete superstructures interconnection and is a development of the previously conducted comprehensive comparative analysis of existing models for testing endurance. The article gives a detailed description of the conditions for conducting and methods of a two-stage experiment, which includes short-term and long-term parts, as well as a detailed description used for processing experimental data for each of the stages. Based on the results of the experiment's short-term part, when compared with the results of finite element modeling of the operation of the stops, the possibility of using existing computational models to describe the actual model operation was confirmed. Also, within the framework of the short-term part, according to the conducted dynamic tests results with the moving load passage through the threshold, the presence of a significant dynamic component of the resulting forces in the interconnection stops was revealed. During the second long-term part of the experiment, a continuous recording of stresses in the interconnection elements from the passage of an unregulated traffic flow over the bridge was made. The article presents both direct survey data (tensograms) and the results of their further processing in terms of damage accumulation analysis; also, the accumulated damages values from actual traffic loads are compared with the expected values in the calculation according to some design standards. Intermediate conclusions based on the experiment results are formed and directions for future work within the scope of this study are indicated.
Ice winter roads and crossings work evaluation in the regions of the Far North
Authors: Kopylov Sergey
Published: August 2022

This article evaluates the work of ice winter roads and ice crossings on the roads of the Far North. An analysis is made of the transport and performance characteristics of seasonal routes and their impact on the transport network and socio-economic development of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Limiting development factors and priority areas for improving the transport network of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the transport hub of the Arctic zone of the Far Eastern Federal District is identified, which is a strategically important issue in making managerial and geopolitical decisions.
The purpose of the study of seasonal traffic routes on roads is to form a database for the subsequent increase in transport accessibility in the regions of the Far North and the formation of a stable, ensuring uninterrupted transport connection in the transport hub of the Arctic zone of the Far Eastern Federal District. The transport link will make it possible to freely pass traffic flows on sections of roads with seasonal communication routes with minimal transport and time costs. The objectives of this study are to assess the operation of ice winter roads and crossings, identify constraints to development and identify priority areas for the development of the transport network.
The road network of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the central transport hub in the Arctic zone of the Far Eastern Federal District with access to neighboring regions (Krasnoyarsk Territory, Irkutsk Region, Amur Region, Magadan Region, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug) through which transit freight and passenger transportation are carried out. The uninterrupted functioning of traffic flows both within the republic and transit flows of neighboring entities in the republic is limited in the off-season, due to seasonal routes of communication. During transitional periods, the movement of vehicles is suspended on approximately 70 % of the roads of the republic.
The considered options for the development of the transport network of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the transport hub of the Far Eastern Federal District should take into account the seasonality of transport links and the specifics of the region. The targets specified in the Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and Ensuring National Security until 2035, taking into account the specifics of the region, will achieve the development of trunk and transit roads in the Arctic zone of the Far Eastern Federal District and the Russian Federation as a whole.
Wheel track rutting problems on highways
Authors: Kovalev Denis , Shaykhutdinova Regina
Published: August 2022

The evenness of the road pavement is one of the main road safety factors. Along with the automobile boom, to the numerous problems that arise on our roads, another one has been added — intensive wear-out, leading to the tracing ruts formation, which negatively affects road safety, the tracing rut causes accidents, and with quite serious consequences. In recent decades, the wheel track rutting problem on road pavement has come to the fore among all pavement defects. This type of deformation reduces the traffic safety level on roads, negatively affects road durability, and also causes significant damage to the country's economy. Wheel track rutting on roads is caused by numerous and diverse factors associated with operational loads, natural and climatic influences, and surface wear-out peculiarities by vehicles.
The article defines the main types (forms) of the wheel track rutting formation of roads. It has also been established that under conditions of an increase in the traffic load intensity and magnitude, an increase in the wheel tracking size is observed, up to irreversible deformations of the pavement structural layers. It is necessary to study the wheel track rutting problems for a better understanding of the destruction process and a more accurate constructive solutions design for highways. Identification of the formation reasons and analysis of the wheel tracking formation causes and mechanisms is a necessary tool for improving the preventing methods and combating the considered defect in road pavements. The tracing ruts appearance on the roads leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the financial resources use allocated to the road industry, since it becomes necessary to repair the road surface much more often than it is provided for by regulatory documents.
Keloid Excision with Debulking Technique on the Lobule Auricle Sinistra
Authors: FR Syarif , S Lestari , PW Monica , SK Syarif
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Keloids are fibroproliferative lesions caused by abnormal wound healing and are characterized by excessive collagen deposits that cannot heal spontaneously. Keloid in the ear is a challenging condition to be treated by doctors, especially the large ones. This condition has a psychosocial impact on the patient and a consideration for appearance is often the main reason for patients seeking to cure keloids, although there is a high possibility of keloid recurrence. Out of various keloid therapy options, one method that can be done is surgical excision therapy with debulking technique. Case report: A case of keloids in left ear lobule measuring 2.5 cm × 3 cm is reported after the patient does ear piercing with complaints of slight itch and aesthetical disturbance. Keloids enlarge 6 months after piercing. The case is treated by debulking excision surgery using local anesthesia Pehacain® (lidocaine 2% + adrenaline 1:80,000). At the end of the wound closure, 40 mg of triamcinolone acetone is given. It is regiven one week after the stitches are removed and repeatedly every 2 weeks for 4 times. Excision surgical results are good and the patient feels satisfied. Conclusion: Excision surgery with debulking technique is chosen because of the large size of the lesion and to ensure there is no residual keloid tissue at the site of predilection. Corticosteroid injection is given immediately after excision to decrease fibroblast proliferation, collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis and suppress proinflammatory mediators in order to prevent keloid recurrence.
Stability of Two Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid Gels for the Treatment of Temporal Fossa Volume Loss: A Preliminary Study Using MRI and Visual Observations
Authors: P Micheels , S Besse , B Elias , J Vandeputte
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Hyaluronic Acid (HA) gels are a commonly used option for correcting facial volume loss. Over the past 2 years, we have been testing the clinical results of two HA gels, without lidocaine, made by the same manufacturer using the patented “Inter- Penetrating NetworkLike” (IPN-Like) cross-linking technology. The aim of this work was to evaluate if there is a difference in the tissue stability and associated clinical outcomes between these two gels. Material and methods: A 67 and 75 years old Caucasian women, from our private aesthetic center, agreed to be injected with the different HA volumiser gel, one in each of their temporal fossae. The Stylage® XL and XXL HA gels (LABORATOIRES VIVACY, Archamps, France) were used for this study. The gels have different concentrations and levels of cross-linking, but have the same indications for correcting facial volume loss resulting from the ageing process. Clinical outcomes included assessing the degree of pain experienced by participants during and after injection using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Aesthetic improvement was evaluated using the Merz Analogic Scale® (MAS)® and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) scales completed by patients and independent experts at different pre-set time-points using photographs taken from the front, profile and three-quarter left and right angles. Moreover, Serial magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans were used to assess the tissue behavior of the gels immediately after injection and then 6 monthly for 2 years. Results: Both gels led to an improvement in the patients’ clinical outcomes. This improvement persisted over time. The MRI scans showed that, at Day 0, the injected gel was spherical in shape and became elongated by 6 months. This appearance did not change throughout the follow-up period. The scans showed little resorption at 24 months. Conclusion: Despite the relatively advanced age of the two patients and the small quantities of gel injected, the IPN-Like cross-linked hyaluronic acid volumiser gels had a satisfactory sustainable clinical effect as assessed by patients and experts. There was a slight advantage in favor of the gel with the lower HA concentration but higher level of cross-linking (Stylage® XXL). Given the observed persistent effect of the gels in our preliminary observation, it is now important to conduct a larger study with longer follow- up.
Retrospective Study of Fractures in both Appendicular and Axial Skeletons of Birds Belonging to the Families Falconidae and Cariamidae
Authors: MC Fernandes , SC Rahal , CR Teixeira , MJ Mamprim , CD Freirias , HC Lima , JP da Silva , A Moresco
Published: August 2022

This retrospective study aimed to identify and classify fractures in the appendicular and axial skeletons of birds from the Cariamidae and Falconidae families presented to a referral centre. Twelve of thirteen adult red-legged seriemas (Cariama cristata) had appendicular skeleton fractures and one an axial skeleton fracture. All appendicular skeleton fractures occurred in pelvic limbs, but one bird also had a thoracic limb fracture. Among the long-bone fractures, ten were of the tibiotarsus. Among these fractures, six were comminuted, two transverse and two spiral. One seriema had an ulnar spiral fracture, and two had exposed fractures of the tibiotarsus. The Falconidae included nine Carcara plancus, five Falco sparverius and two Falco femoralis. Appendicular skeleton fractures were detected in 14 Falconidae, axial skeleton fractures in one,and another bird had fractures in both skeletons. Three fractures occurred in pelvic limbs, and the other was thoracic limb fractures. Out of all the long-bone fractures, eight were found in the humerus, three of which were exposed, two comminuted, two spiral, and one oblique. Four ulna fractures were found; two of them were comminuted, one spiral and transverse. There were two comminuted radius fractures. Tibiotarsus fractures included two transversal and one comminuted fracture. In conclusion, in both families the highest prevalence of fractures was in the appendicular skeleton; however, the fractures in Cariamidae occurred mainly in the pelvic limbs, whereas the fractures in Faconidae were found more frequently in the thoracic limbs.
Investigation of the effects of SiC reinforcement ratio in iron-based composite materials on corrosion properties
Authors: Karabulut H. , Erden M.A. , Karacif K. , Gündüz S.
Published: August 2022

The corrosion properties of iron-based composite materials containing graphite and silicon carbide (SiC) reinforcement were investigated. The effects of silicon carbide reinforcement were investigated by adding 0.5% graphite and 1%, 2%, and 4% SiC. A powder metallurgy method was used to produce the composite samples. Iron, graphite, and silicon carbide powders were blended for one hour with a three-axis mixer and then unidirectionally pressed under a pressure of 750 MPa. After pressing, the composite materials were sintered at 1100°C for one hour. The corrosion properties and microstructure, density, and hardness properties of the composite materials that can affect the corrosion properties were also investigated. It was determined that the pore ratio and hardness of the composite material increased, and corrosion resistance decreased, with increasing silicon carbide content.
An on-site adaptable test for rapid and sensitive detection of Potato mop-top virus, a soil-borne virus of potato (Solanum tuberosum) v1
Authors: Zhai Ying
Published: August 2022

Potato mop-top virus(PMTV) is considered an emerging threat to potato production in the United States. PMTV is transmitted by a soil-borne protist, Spongospora subterranean. Rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection of PMTV in leaves and tubers is an essential component in PMTV management program. A rapid test that can be adapted to in-field, on-site testing with minimal sample manipulation could help in ensuring the sanitary status of the produce in situations such as certification programs and shipping point inspections. Toward that goal, a rapid and highly sensitive recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-based test was developed for PMTV detection in potato tubers. The test combines the convenience of RPA assay with a simple sample extraction procedure, making it amenable to rapid on-site diagnosis of PMTV. Furthermore, the assay was duplexed with a plant internal control to monitor sample extraction and RPA reaction performance. The method described could detect as little as 10 fg of PMTV RNA transcript in various potato tissues, the diagnostic limit of detection (LOQ) similar to that of traditional molecular methods.
Uluslararası Hukuk Bakımından Bir Uluslararası Örgüt Olarak Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı
Authors: Erkiner Hakkı Hakan , Eray İlayda
Published: August 2022

Uluslararası hukuk bakımından bir uluslararası örgüt olarak Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı başlıklı eldeki bu makalede, 2009 yılında Türk Dili Konuşan Ülkeler İşbirliği Konseyi adıyla kurulan ve Türk Devletleri için bir çatı kuruluş niteliğinde olan Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı’nın uluslararası hukuk bakımından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Uluslararası hukuka göre Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı’nın hangi unsurların mevcudiyeti ile bir uluslararası örgüt niteliğine sahip olduğu analiz edilmiştir. Söz konusu analiz Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı’nın organizasyon yapısı, organların yetki ve görevleri ile çalışma esasları incelenmek suretiyle yapılmıştır.
Biomassa e atividade microbiana do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais em Região Cerrado - Mata Atlântica
Authors: Novak Elaine , Carvalho Laércio Alves , Santiago Etenaldo Felipe , Tomazi Michely , Gomes Ana Carolina Correia Oliveira , Piana Pitágoras Augusto
Published: August 2022

O estado de equilíbrio do ecossistema pode ser profundamente modificado pelo uso intensificado dos seus recursos, resultando alterações nos processos microbiológicos ocorridos no solo. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade do solo de diferentes áreas com base nos atributos microbiológicos. A avaliação foi realizada em cinco áreas no processo de restauração ecológica (REC1-5), uma área com vegetação nativa (MATA) e uma de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar (CN). Os atributos microbiológicos avaliados foram: Carbono da biomassa microbiana do solo (C-BMS), respiração basal (C-CO2), quociente microbiano (qMIC) e quociente metabólico (qCO2). O menor teor do parâmetro C-BMS foi observado na REC5, que diferenciou estatisticamente de REC2 e REC4. O fato de não haver distinção entre as RECs das áreas de CN e MATA sugere a influência, interação ou sinergismo entre fatores. A análise da matriz de similaridade por meio da distância euclidiana aplicada aos dados de atributos microbiológicos permitiu a distinção de CN em relação às demais formas de manejo do solo sendo, portanto, mais eficiente como ferramenta na caracterização do ambiente. Dentre as áreas em processo de restauração ecológica, REC2 e REC3 apresentaram condições microbiológicas com maior similaridade em relação à área de vegetação nativa (MATA), o que pode ser indicativo de melhoria na qualidade do solo e, consequentemente, aproximando-se do estado de equilíbrio da condição natural regional.
Avaliação da qualidade de um fertilizante produzido por compostagem conjunta de materiais orgânicos e rochas moídas
Authors: Höfig Pedro , Martins Eder de Souza , Broetto Tiago , Giasson Elvio , Silva Glauco Marighella Ferreira da
Published: August 2022

Ao longo de milhares de anos, diferentes povos realizaram uma agricultura baseada no manejo dos materiais disponíveis nas propriedades rurais. Uma das formas para se atingir essa condição é a produção e uso de compostos orgânicos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade do composto orgânico produzido com fontes de nutrientes de origem regional em uma propriedade rural. As matérias-primas utilizadas para a produção do fertilizante foram cama de bovino, serragem, casca de café e pó de rochas. A compostagem foi iniciada com relação C:N entre 25 e 35 e terminada com relação C:N menor que 15. A realização da aeração do condicionador foi feita com um compostador e, a umidificação, com um tanque pipa. As análises química, orgânica, biológica e sanitária indicam que o processo de compostagem foi realizado de forma correta. Com isso, o composto exibiu a maioria das garantias mínimas para ser enquadrado como fertilizante orgânico composto classe A, o que pode melhorar as condições físicas, químicas e biológicas do solo, aumentando a autonomia do agricultor e diminuindo sua dependência dos combustíveis fósseis.
Depoimento Especial e Violência Sexual Infantil: Um Olhar a partir da Psicologia do Testemunho
Authors: Amaral Mariana Moreno do , Ávila Gustavo Noronha de
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo tem por principal objetivo a análise da oitiva da criança ou adolescente vítima nos crimes de violência sexual, mediante o paradigma de proteção do sistema de direitos das crianças e o direito da personalidade, perfazendo uma analogia com o depoimento especial, meio adotado pelo Brasil e normatizado pela Lei 13.431/17 e seus reflexos na sentença criminal. Desta forma, analisou-se o nível de proteção conferido pelo sistema processual penal brasileiro durante a colheita da prova testemunhal infantil na fase processual voltado às vítimas infanto-juvenis, visando as estratégias utilizadas para a redução de dor, ou seja, para minimizar a vitimização secundária e as distorções da memória causadas pelo próprio aparato estatal na apuração desses crimes, os quais comprometem a acurácia da prova penal, podendo resultar em condenações equivocadas. O trabalho apoiou-se na legislação constitucional e infraconstitucional para a verificação de falhas existentes no depoimento testemunhal infantil, no que se refere à prova e influência na decisão do magistrado. Estudos recentes das áreas das ciências humanas (Neurologia, Psicologia, Ciências Sociais, Pedagogia) têm contestado a força dos depoimentos das vítimas, principalmente em razão do fenômeno de falsas memórias, o qual compromete a acurácia da prova. O percurso metodológico da pesquisa tem como esteio uma concepção multidisciplinar do Direito, integrando diversas áreas como a Psicologia do Testemunho e a Psicologia Cognitiva, utilizando o método dedutivo, através da pesquisa bibliográfica teórica, a partir de uma metodologia analítico interpretativa, evocados a análise da estrutura legislativa geral composta por diversos tratados internacionais e leis e normas que abrangem o sistema de proteção de direitos das crianças de suma importância para atingir os objetivos propostos e a conclusão da pesquisa. Por fim, caracterizamos os perigos das distorções da memória nas prisões e condenações injustas e apontamos para a necessidade do reforço da observância do critério da inocência constitucional do acusado.
Long-term treatment as chorioretinitis of atypical optic disk pit complicated by retinal detachment in the macular zone
Authors: Katargina Lyudmila A. , Denisova Ekaterina V. , Osipova Natalya A.
Published: August 2022

Changes in the macular zone of the retina, which have different etiopathogenesis, can occur with a similar ophthalmoscopic picture.
AIM: To present the clinical case of a child with a congenital the optic disc pit, complicated by retinal detachment in the macular zone, who received long-term treatment for chorioretinitis.
RESULTS: A 13-year-old child was referred to the Helmholtz National Medical Research Center for a diagnosis of an idiopatic chorioretinal inflammation in the right eye. For 2 years at home, the child received inpatient treatment, including anti-inflammatory, desensitizing, and antibacterial therapy, without changes in visual acuity, ophthalmoscopy, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) data. Based on a comprehensive assessment of OCT results of the macular area and the optic nerve head (presence of a peripapillary slit-like detachment of the neuroepithelium in the superior temporal and inferior temporal quadrants, detachment of the neuroepithelium in the macula), anamnesis (lack of a response to ongoing anti-inflammatory therapy), biomicroscopy, and ophthalmoscopy (on the right, the optic disc is oval, horizontally elongated, decolorized, along the horizontal meridian it is made of glial tissue, in the area of the papillomacular bundle and in the macula, there is a rough redistribution of pigment. On the left, the optic disc is oval, horizontally elongated, decolorized, the macula and the periphery without pathology), the diagnosis was made: a congenital anomaly in the development of the optic disc (optic disc pit) in both eyes complicated by retinal detachment in the macula on the right. The child underwent transpupillary laser coagulation of the retina in the parapapillar zone in the upper and lower temporal quadrants of the right eye. Upon further observation after 1 and 2 months, OCT data revealed positive dynamics of resorption of the subretinal fluid in the macular zone, and an increase in visual functions was noted.
CONCLUSION: Сompetent interpretation and integration of the results of clinical and instrumental examinations and thorough analysis of anamnestic data make it possible to identify the pathology underlying structural disorders of the macular zone, which is of key importance in choosing the right treatment techniques and maintaining visual functions.
Сase of congenital cataract development in a child with Farh disease
Authors: Kruglova Tatyana B. , Egiyan Naira S. , Mamykina Aleksandra S.
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION: Fahr disease is a rare idiopathic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the calcification of the basal ganglia, cerebellar dentate nuclei, and surrounding white matter leading to progressive nervous system dysfunction. Cases of congenital cataracts are not described.
AIM: To describe a clinical case of congenital cataract in a pediatric patient with Farh disease.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Congenital atypical progressive metabolic cataract was diagnosed in a 9-year-old child. Congenital cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation was performed.
RESULTS: Refraction before operation was sph+2.0 cyl+1.5 ax 107 and sph+0.25 cyl+1.25 ax 74, respectively. The preoperative visual acuity for both eyes was 0.5 log MAR and 1.0 log MAR, respectively. Crystalline lenses were cloudy with atypical star-shaped infusions. Full-field electroretinogram (ERG) a-wave and b-wave were normal for OD and abnormal for OS, and flicker ERG was normal for both eyes. Visually evoked potentials were prolonged for both eyes. The intraocular pressure was normal for both eyes. The axial lengths were 22.60 mm and 22.62 mm, respectively. Exudative reaction was noted postoperatively, and the logMar visual acuity improved to 0.2 for both eyes.
CONCLUSION: Congenital cataracts may be diagnosed in patients with Fahr disease. Dynamic examination of the child with a wide pupil is necessary to identify initial changes in the lens and to refer him/her for surgical treatment. There is an increased risk of exudative reactions in the early postoperative period.
Аdaptation and quality of vision in glasses with lenses for the control of stellest myopia with built-in high-spherical microlenses
Authors: Proskurina Olga V. , Tarasova Natalia A. , Markosyan Gajane A. , Arutyunyan Sona G. , Milash Sergey V. , Tarutta Elena P.
Published: August 2022

AIM: Evaluate the visual adaptation and vision quality of glasses with Stellest lenses.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 35 children aged 813 years (average: 10.50.27 years) with mild and moderate myopia (average: 3.150.19 dpt) in glasses with Stellest lenses and 30 children aged 813 years (average: 10.40.3 years) with mild and moderate myopia (average: 2.660.2 dpt) in monofocal glasses as the control group. Refraction and visual acuity (OS) were assessed after the appointment of glasses. Ergonomic tests were conducted 34 months after the children started wearing them. At 34 weeks after they started wearing glasses, all patients filled out a questionnaire of 8 questions.
RESULTS: The monocular distance in the Stellest glasses averaged 1.170.02, and the specific values were 1.240.03 for binoculars, 1.090.02 for monofocal glasses, and 1.160.02 for binocular glasses. Near monocular OZ in Stellest glasses averaged 0.950.01 and 0.960.01 for binocular glasses; the values were 0.960.01 and 0.970.01 for monofocal glasses. The minimum mesopic contrast sensitivity in Stellest glasses was 3.760.04 (with a reference value of 4) and 3.440.1 in the trial frame (p 0.05). In the conditions of the glare effect, the values of 7.470.08 for the Stellest glasses (with a reference value of 8) and 6.760.2 for monofocal glasses were observed (p 0.01). In monofocal glasses, the corresponding indicators were 3.710.09 and 7.20.14. Under the conditions of the gler effect, the indicator was 0.84 higher than that of the trial frame (p 0.01). The tendency to lower ergonomic indicators in Stellest glasses has been revealed. The subjective assessment of the quality of vision was high in both groups
CONCLUSION: A preliminary assessment revealed highly functional and ergonomic performance and good portability of glasses with Stellest lenses.
Effects of Climate and Coastal Flooding on Tree Growth in Low-lying Mid-Atlantic Forests
Authors:   , Haaf LeeAnn Rae , Kreeger Danielle
Published: August 2022

Due to sea level rise, more frequent and longer duration floods are occurring in low-lying coastal forests of the Mid Atlantic. Increased flooding causes tree mortality followed by forest retreat. Previous efforts show that forest retreat is variable, however, especially in low-slope areas. Many factors likely drive this variability, so elucidating responsible mechanisms for retreat patterns, such as tree growth responses to flooding, will be important for implementing management tactics to achieve ecological goals, such as preventing forest loss. This dissertation uses tree ring analysis to study three species (Pinus taeda, Pinus rigida, and Ilex opaca) in Barnegat and Delaware Bays. Research focused on a) climate and water level relationships with tree growth; b) flood exposure and growth relative to water levels; and c) how climate change and rising sea levels might influence future growth patterns. Growth occasionally correlated with water level and climatic variables, but responses were site-specific. Counter to the expectation that tree growth inversely relates to high water levels, correlations were not always negative. Nonlinear responses to gradients in precipitation, temperature, as well as tidal water levels were also present. Future environmental conditions might benefit certain species (e.g., warmer winters for Pinus taeda), whereas others might be detrimental across sites (e.g., dryer springs). Growth responses to tidal water levels, either positive or negative, may be indicative of a transitioning system-showing that dendrochronological data are useful for determining coastal forest vulnerability to sea level rise. An improved understanding of the relative influence of climate and sea level rise on low-lying coastal forests will help resource managers make informed decisions on best tactics for sustaining these critical coastal habitats.
Działania Ministra Wyznań Religijnych i Oświecenia Publicznego w Polsce w latach 1918-1939 na rzecz rozwoju szkolnej turystyki wycieczkowej
Authors: Ćwikła Leszek
Published: August 2022

W artykule starano się udowodnić, iż w rozwoju turystyki wycieczkowej dzieci i młodzieży w Polsce w latach 1918-1939 bardzo ważną rolę odegrały władze państwowe, które podjęły działania promocyjne, słusznie upatrując w tej formie pracy z uczniem możliwości kształtowania postaw patriotycznych i obywatelskich. Dokonano analizy aktów prawnych wydanych przez Ministra Wyznań Religijnych i Oświecenia Publicznego, zawierających wytyczne w zakresie organizacji wycieczek w postaci wskazówek bądź zaleceń. W kolejnej części tekstu opisano zaangażowanie władz państwowych na rzecz stworzenia turystycznej bazy noclegowej, która mogła być wykorzystywana podczas wycieczek trwających dłużej niż jeden dzień. W końcowej części opracowania podkreślono, że regulacje prawne odnoszące się do szkolnej turystyki wycieczkowej w Polsce w latach 1918-1939 były niewystarczające.
Postępowanie po wydaniu decyzji administracyjnej przez Prezesa Urzędu Ochrony Danych Osobowych
Authors: Sakowska-Baryła Marlena , Wyporska-Frankiewicz Joanna
Published: August 2022

Postępowanie po wydaniu decyzji administracyjnej przez Prezesa Urzędu Ochrony Danych Osobowych jest specyficzne o tyle, że decyzja ta ma charakter ostateczny, a w konsekwencji nie sposób wnieść od niej odwołania do organu wyższej instancji, ponieważ w systemie ochrony danych osobowych takiego organu nie ma. W konsekwencji zaskarżenie decyzji Prezesa UODO następuje w drodze skargi do sądu administracyjnego, który rozpatruje sprawę według zasad określonych w przepisach ustawy o postępowaniu przed sądami administracyjnymi. To sytuacja swoista o tyle, że sprawy z zakresu ochrony danych osobowych wymagają zwykle adekwatnego postępowania dowodowego, oceny: czy administrator lub podmiot przetwarzający zastosowali odpowiednie środki techniczne i organizacyjne (wziąwszy pod uwagę ryzyko naruszeń praw lub wolności osób fizycznych), czy wprowadzili odpowiednią dokumentację, czy zastosowali prawidłowe przesłanki dopuszczalności przetwarzania danych osobowych, czy zrealizowali w sposób zgodny z prawem prawa osób, których dane dotyczą. Wszystko to sprawia, że postępowanie w przedmiocie skargi od decyzji Prezesa UODO prowadzone według procedur obowiązujących w postępowaniu przed sądami administracyjnymi wydaje się nader trudne i wręcz niespełniające uzasadnionych oczekiwań. W postępowaniu przed sądami administracyjnymi bardzo ograniczona jest bowiem możliwość przeprowadzenia dowodów. W tekście analizujemy poszczególne aspekty postępowania po wydaniu decyzji przez Prezesa Urzędu Ochrony Danych Osobowych, wskazując na jego charakterystyczne cechy, oceniając przyjęte rozwiązania i postulując zmiany.
Walor procesowy kategorii niedojrzałość noogenna w orzecznictwie rotalnym
Authors: Dzierżon Ginter
Published: August 2022

W zaprezentowanym opracowaniu Autor podjął namysł nad znaczeniem procesowym nowego terminu, jakim jest niedojrzałość noogenna, który pojawił się – jak dotąd – jedynie w siedmiu nieopublikowanych wyrokach rotalnych. Wykazał, iż ta kategoria ma nie tylko znaczenie teoretyczne, ale przede wszystkim jest istotna w stosowaniu prawa. Badając motywy faktyczne trzech wyroków c. Erlebach dowiódł, iż uwzględnienie w wyrokach rotalnych wymiaru noetycznego w dowodzeniu sprawiło, iż orzekania Trybunału Roty Rzymskiej było odmienne od orzekania trybunałów niższego stopnia jurysdykcyjnego. Według Autora, poruszona w opracowaniu tematyka ma charakter rozwojowy. Obecnie bowiem w judykaturze termin niedojrzałość noogenna w nie ma jeszcze trwalej konsystencji. Stąd też w zaprezentowane opracowanie ma charakter przyczynkowy.
Przygotowanie bezpośrednie do małżeństwa a ochrona dobrego imienia i intymności nupturientów za obowiązywania instrukcji Konferencji Episkopatu Polski z 5 września 1989 roku
Authors: Jakubiak Tomasz
Published: August 2022

Prawo do ochrony dobrego imienia i własnej intymności zagwarantowane jest w Kościele katolickim ustawowo wszystkim wiernym. Realizacja przedmiotowych praw może jednak zostać ograniczona przez władzę kościelną. Zważywszy, że każdego roku na terenie Polski około dwustu tysięcy osób uczestniczy w bezpośrednim przygotowaniu do małżeństwa, którego najistotniejszym elementem jest „egzamin przedślubny”, w artykule przeanalizowano podstawy prawne ograniczenia nupturientom w trakcie „egzaminu przedślubnego” prawa do ochrony dobrego imienia i własnej intymności. Wskazano również osoby kompetentne do zadawania pytań oraz określono zakres przedmiotowy tych pytań. W publikacji nie zabrakło rozstrzygnięcia wątpliwości, czy prawo duszpasterzy do stawiania pytań narzeczonym w trakcie spisywania protokołu implikuje obowiązek udzielania odpowiedzi na nie.
Enzyme Aided Processing of Oil
Authors: Bello Ibrahim , Rasaq Nurudeen , Adeniyi Adewale , Hammed Ademola
Published: August 2022

Enzyme aided process (EAP) has been identified as a viable alternative for oil extraction. This paper reviews the recent trends in EAP of soybeans during degumming, transesterification, oil extraction, and demulsification. The “common protease effect” and the degree of demulsification of oil was also examined. EAP has improved overall oil yield to about 90% and high oil quality. EAP oils have high tocopherol content, decreased turbidity, higher color index, better oxidative stability, and drastic reduction in residual phosphorus content of oils thus contributing to enhanced oil quality. We conceptualize “Common enzyme effect” as the reason for degree of demulsification (oDem) occurring during enzyme aided extraction. The equation for rate of change of oDem have also been proposed. Few studies on simultaneous EAP have shown the efficacy of multifunctional enzyme to enhance oil recovery and quality. The use of immobilized enzyme has also received less attention, though, could potentially reduce EAP cost.
MOTIVOS DE PROCURA DE ATENDIMENTO NA ATENÇÃO SECUNDÁRIA AO INVÉS DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA
Authors: Felipe Maria Luiza Soares , Evangelista Christian Pietro , Duarte Suélen Ribeiro Miranda Pontes
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Identificar os motivos que levam pacientes não urgentes a procurarem a Atenção Secundária ao invés da Atenção Básica. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, qualitativa e transversal realizada com 36 pacientes pós-triagem classificados como Azul ou Verde de acordo com o Código de Manchester que procuraram atendimento no Hospital de Clínicas de Itajubá entre janeiro e dezembro de 2019. Tais pacientes foram convidados a responder ao questionário sociodemográfico e a entrevista que posteriormente foi transcrita e submetida à análise de conteúdo por meio de Bardin Resultados: A descrença na qualidade dos serviços prestados pela atenção primária, o desconhecimento sobre a organização do sistema de saúde e falhas nas orientações da atenção básica foram os principais motivos que levaram à procura da atenção secundária. Conclusão: A sobrecarga dos prontos-socorros decorre, em grande parte, da falta de confiança no serviço básico, desconhecimento do sistema e pelas falhas na atenção básica.
SINTOMAS DE ESTRESSE E ANSIEDADE EM PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS À HEMODIÁLISE EM SERVIÇO DE EMERGÊNCIA
Authors: Cavalcante Eliane Santos , Santos Kaline Nunes dos , Barra Isabel Pires , Peixoto dos Santos Pennafort Viviane , Mendonça Ana Elza Oliveira de
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: investigar o nível de estresse e ansiedade em pacientes renais submetidos à hemodiálise em serviço de emergência renal. Método: estudo descritivo, transversal e abordagem quantitativa, realizado de julho a dezembro de 2018 em um serviço móvel de hemodiálise. Foi utilizado o Inventário de Sintomas de Estresse para Adultos de Lipp e o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado. Resultados: participaram do estudo 400 pacientes e 79,0% apresentaram estresse; dos quais 52,5% apresentavam sintomas de exaustão e 26,0% sintomas de quase exaustão. Todos os pacientes apresentaram ansiedade, 54,0% em nível alto e 46,0% moderado. Conclusão: faz-se necessária maior atenção da equipe multiprofissional, em especial da enfermagem, acerca dos sinais e sintomas sugestivos de estresse e ansiedade para a tomada de decisão, no sentido de explorar escolhas e mudanças possíveis para um melhor enfrentamento do tratamento hemodialítico, na perspectiva de “aceitação” e de promoção de estratégias terapêuticas eficazes.