bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Melalui Pembelajaran Penemuan
Authors: Perawati Wulan
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine how the learning process in improving students' mathematics learning outcomes through discovery learning. In addition, this study also aims to determine the improvement of students' mathematics learning outcomes through discovery learning. This research was conducted on the second grade students of MI Ishlahuddiniyyah, Pondok Aren District, Tangerang in the 2012/2013 academic year. The method used in this study was action research developed by Kemmis and Taggart. The data analysis used in this study was carried out in two ways, namely quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative analysis shows that there is an increase in students' mathematics learning outcomes starting from pre-research to cycle I, which is 31.87%. Based on the agreement between the researcher and the collaborators, the success of the action can occur if there is an increase in students' mathematics learning outcomes of at least 20%. In this study, the increase in students' mathematics learning outcomes has succeeded in exceeding 20%, thus the research hypothesis can be accepted. The results showed that the application of discovery learning steps in the mathematics learning process was proven to improve students' mathematics learning outcomes. In this case, the concepts of abstract mathematics subject matter can be better understood by students with direct experience and active involvement of students in the discovery learning process (learning by doing).
Anticholinergic Plant Misuse and Schizophrenia: Regarding a Case Report
Authors: Frias Gonçalves Pedro , Castro Liliana , Mota Jorge
Published: September 2021

Anticholinergic medication abuse is common in patients with schizophrenia. The recreational use of anticholinergic plants for their euphoria inducing and hallucinogenic properties is a rising concern in America and Eastern Europe, but rare in Portugal. Anticholinergic misuse poses a challenge to Psychiatrists treating patients with dual pathology, for its addictive potential. In managing antipsychotic medication and its side effects in this population one must have in mind the potential for abuse of anticholinergics. We present a case report of a patient with schizophrenia and abuse of anticholinergic plants, after receiving biperiden to treat extrapyramidal symptoms. Later we discuss anticholinergic effects and potential for addiction and explore ways to prevent and treat drug misuse in this context.
A Relação Médico‑Doente e a Lei de Saúde Mental: a Propósito do Tratamento Compulsivo
Authors: Isaac Joana , Albuquerque Rui Pedro
Published: September 2021

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Análisis del libro “Jesús en América Latina” de Jon Sobrino
Authors: Alfaro Juan
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1984: 103-120.
El lugar del ser-hombre en la teología actual
Authors: Comblin José
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 1, No. 2, 1984: 179-194.
En fidelidad al evangelio y al pueblo salvadoreño. El diario pastoral de Mons. Óscar A. Romero
Authors: Cardenal Rodolfo
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 2, No. 4, 1985: 3-81.
Crítica profética a los imperialismos y a la religión nacionalista de Israel
Authors: Sivatte Rafael de
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 2, No. 4, 1985: 95-111.
Marcos o la corrección de una ideología triunfalista. Pautas para la lectura de un evangelio beligerante y comprometido
Authors: Alegre Xavier
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 2, No. 6, 1985: 229-263.
El pueblo en tiempos de Jesús. La no-historia del pueblo (o el “reverso de la historia”)
Authors: Bravo Gallardo Carlos
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 2, No. 6, 1985: 265-301.
Alteridad – Integración – Resistencia. Apuntes sobre la liberación y la causa indígena
Authors: Suess Paulo
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 2, No. 6, 1985: 303-319.
Dios, ¿principio de necesidad o interpelación absoluta a la libertad?
Authors: Vives Josep
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 4, No. 11, 1987: 177-195.
La teología poética de Pedro Casaldáliga (I)
Authors: Codina Víctor
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 4, No. 12, 1987: 265-289.
La libertad religiosa condición para la pacífica convivencia
Authors: Papa Juan Pablo II,
Published: September 2021

Mensaje para la celebración de la Jornada Mundial de la Paz, 1 de enero de 1988.

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 4, No. 12, 1987: 291-298.
Ante el volcán. La Iglesia en la Cuba prerrevolucionaria
Authors: Kirk John M.
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 5, No. 13, 1988: 67-84.
Revelación, fe, signos de los tiempos
Authors: Segundo Juan Luis
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 5, No. 14, 1988: 123-144.
Pablo y Jesús. La vida de Jesús y la vida de Pablo
Authors: Tuñí Vancells Josep Oriol
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 5, No. 15, 1988: 285-305.
IMPLEMENTASI LINK & MATCH MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK BERSAMA PT. PESONA KHATULISTIWA NUSANTARA DI SMK NEGERI 1 TANJUNG PALAS
Authors: ANDAYANI FRANSISKA
Published: September 2021

Menghasilkan lulusan yang terserap di dunia usaha/Industri/kerja atau menjadi wirausaha adalah antara lain tujuan dari SMK sebagai penyelenggaraan pendidikan. Untuk itu diperlukan kemitraan antara sekolah dengan DUDI melalui link and match. Best practice  implementasi link and match melalui pembelajaran berbasis proyek bersama DUDI PT. Pesona Khatulistiwa Nusantara bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi keterampilan siswa yang memiliki stándar DUDI, meningkatnya kinerja guru, tumbuhnya budaya kerja industri disekolah dan percepatan menjadi sekolah pencetak wirausaha. Link and match melalui pembelajaran berbasis proyek dilaksanakan pada ruang lingkup program keahlian Agribisnis Tanaman dan pada kompetensi keahlian Agribisnis Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura kelas X, XI dan XII, semester genap tahun ajaran 2020/2021 dengan proyek pembibitan kakao. Link and match melalui pembelajaran berbasis proyek bersama DUDI dapat mengembangkan SMK Negeri 1 Tanjung Palas dalam menghasilkan lulusan yang relevan dengan  perubahan yang terjadi di masyarakat dan DUDI.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CTL (CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI DESAIN WADAH PEMBESARAN IKAN KELAS XII PERIKANAN SMK NEGERI 1 TANJUNG PALAS
Authors: MUHRAM MUHRAM
Published: September 2021

Pendekatan kontekstual (CTL) adalah konsep belajar yang membantu guru mengaitkan antara materi yang diajarkan dengan situasi dunia nyata siswa dan mendorong siswa membuat hubungan antara pengetahuan yang dimilikinya dengan penerapannya dalam kehidupan mereka sehari-hari, dengan melibatkan tujuh komponen utama pembelajaran afektif, yaitu konstruktivisme, bertanya, menemukan, masyarakat belajar, pemodelan, refleksi, dan penilaian yang sebenarnya. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini di lakukan dengan 3 siklus yakni Pra siklus, siklus I terdiri dari 2 pertemuan dan siklus II juga dilakukan dengan 2 X pertemuan. Pada pra siklus, jumlah siswa belajar tuntas hanya mencapai 7 siswa dan nilai rata-rata hanya 63,42. Pada siklus I Jumlah Siswa Tuntas Belajar mencapai 21 siswa, nilai rata-rata mencapai 78,8 Pada siklus II Jumlah Siswa Tuntas Belajar mencapai 25 siswa, nilai rata-rata mencapai 84. Artinya Model Pembelajaran CTL (Contextual Teaching And Learning) efektif di gunakan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi Desain dan tata  letak wadah pembesaran dan bagian-bagiannya
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN LEARNING COMMUNITY DALAM MENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR MENULIS SISWA KELAS VII/A MTsN TARAKAN
Authors: ISMAWARNI NINIK QODAR
Published: September 2021

Tujuan yang diharapkan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan aktivitas dan hasil belajar menulis siswa kelas VII/A MTsN Tarakan tahun pembelajaran 2020/2021 setelah diberikan perlakuan dengan menggunakan pembelajaran model Learning Community (masyarakat belajar). Obyek penelitian ini adalah aktifitas dan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Tindakan yang di gunakan sebanyak dua siklus, yang tiap siklusnya terdiri dari: 1) perencanaan tindakan, 2) pelaksanaan tindakan, 3) pengamatan tindakan dan refleksi tindakan. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan observasi dan tes selanjutnya dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif dari data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil aktivitas dan nilai belajar siswa kelas VII/A MTsN Tarakan dari siklus I ke siklus II mengalami peningkatan. Nilai rata-rata hasil aktivitas siswa dari pra siklus, siklus I dan siklus II adalah 50.5%, 70.4% dan 88.0%, sedangkan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa meningkat mulai pra siklus (72.1) ke siklus I (78.1) dan siklus II (83.2) dari 36 siswa atau sebanyak 100 % siswa telah mencapai standar ketuntasan minimal yang ditetapkan yaitu 75.0. Dengan demikian penggunaan model pembelajaran Learning Community pada materi menulis jati diri pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris bisa meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII/A MTsN Tarakan tahun pembelajaran 2020/2021.
PENINGKATAN MINAT BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA MATERI HIDUP DALAM KESETIAAN KELAS X IPS SEMESTER GANJIL TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: PANJAITAN ROSLINA
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: Bagaimana minat belajar peserta didik SMA Negeri 2 Tanjung Selor Pada Mapel Agama Kristen dalam memahami,  materi hidup dalam kesetiaan sebelum diterapkan Metode discovery learning. Dan bagaimana minat belajar peserta didik pada mapel Pendidikan Agama Kristen materi hidup dalam kesetiaan  sesudah diterapkan Metode discovery learning. Apakah Metode discovery learning dapat meningkatkan minat belajar beserta didik pada mapel Pendidikan Agama Kristen materi hidup dalam kesetiaan sesudah diterapkan metode discovery learning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari 2 (dua) siklus yang setiap siklus terdiri atas 4 (empat) tahapan. Siklus I dan II masing-masing terdiri dari 3 kali pertemuan.  Data kemampuan  peserta didik dalam memahami hidup dalam kesetiaan dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi, angket, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Metode discovery learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar  peserta didik kelas X IPS SMA Negeri 2 Tanjung Selor,  memahami hidup dalam kesetiaan.  Siklus I sebesar 70%  ke siklus II sebesar 93% dengan ketuntasan klasikal. Hasil ini menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan pemahaman   peserta didik  sebesar 30%. Secara kualitatif kemampuan  kuantitatif peserta didik dalam memaham kesetiaan meningkat dari kualifikasi sedang ke tinggi. Dengan demikian, Penerapan metode discovery learning dapat meningkatkan pemahaman  peserta didik terhadap materi kesetiaan kelas X  IPS SMA Negeri 2 Tanjung Selor Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020.
Mobile atmospheric measurements and local-scale inverse estimation of the location and rates of brief CH4 and CO2 releases from point sources
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Broquet Grégoire , Yver-Kwok Camille , Laurent Olivier , Gichuki Susan , Caldow Christopher , Cropley Ford , Lauvaux Thomas , Ramonet Michel , Berthe Guillaume , Martin Frédéric , Duclaux Olivier , Juery Catherine , Bouchet Caroline , Ciais Philippe
Published: September 2021

Abstract. We present a local-scale atmospheric inversion framework to estimate the
location and rate of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
releases from point sources. It relies on mobile near-ground atmospheric
CH4 and CO2 mole fraction measurements across the corresponding
atmospheric plumes downwind of these sources, on high-frequency
meteorological measurements, and on a Gaussian plume dispersion model. The
framework exploits the scatter of the positions of the individual plume
cross sections, the integrals of the gas mole fractions above the background
within these plume cross sections, and the variations of these integrals from
one cross section to the other to infer the position and rate of the
releases. It has been developed and applied to provide estimates of brief
controlled CH4 and CO2 point source releases during a 1-week
campaign in October 2018 at the TOTAL experimental platform TADI in Lacq,
France. These releases typically lasted 4 to 8 min and covered a wide
range of rates (0.3 to 200 g CH4/s and 0.2 to 150 g CO2/s) to test
the capability of atmospheric monitoring systems to react fast to emergency
situations in industrial facilities. It also allowed testing of their
capability to provide precise emission estimates for the application of
climate change mitigation strategies. However, the low and highly varying
wind conditions during the releases added difficulties to the challenge of
characterizing the atmospheric transport over the very short duration of the
releases. We present our series of CH4 and CO2 mole fraction
measurements using instruments on board a car that drove along roads
∼50 to 150 m downwind of the 40 m × 60 m area for
controlled releases along with the estimates of the release locations and
rates. The comparisons of these results to the actual position and rate of
the controlled releases indicate ∼10 %–40 % average
errors (depending on the inversion configuration or on the series of tests)
in the estimates of the release rates and ∼30–40 m errors in
the estimates of the release locations. These results are shown to be
promising, especially since better results could be expected for longer
releases and under meteorological conditions more favorable to local-scale
dispersion modeling. However, the analysis also highlights the need for
methodological improvements to increase the skill for estimating the source
locations.
Effect of vegetation distribution driven by hydrological fluctuation on sedimental stoichiometry regulating N2O emissions in freshwater wetland
Authors: Liu Huazu , Jin Qiu , Shi Ruijie , Lv Chengxu , Luo Junxiao , He Yan , Yang Wei , Xu Xiaoguang , Qian Shenhua , Li Wei
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Hydrological conditions drive the distribution of plant communities in wetlands to form vegetation zones where the material cycling varies with plant species. This mediation effect caused by the distribution of vegetation under hydrological conditions will affect the emission of N2O during the nitrogen migration in wetlands. In this study, five vegetation zones in the second largest wetland of China were investigated in situ during high and low water levels to elucidate the effect mediated by vegetation. With the increase in the rate of change of water levels, the zones of the mud flat, nymphoides, phalaris, carex, and reeds were distributed in sequence in the wetland, and the densities of carbon and nitrogen sequestrated by plants also increased. The carbon and nitrogen densities in each zone during low water level was significantly higher than that during high water level, while the organic carbon and the total nitrogen of sediments during high water level was higher. Sediments converted between source and sink for both carbon and nitrogen, during the annual fluctuation in water level. The flux in N2O emissions showed significant differences between the vegetation zones during each water level period. The emission flux decreased with the increasing C : N ratio in sediments, approximating the threshold at 0.23 μg m−2 h−1 when the C : N ratio > 25. The phylum abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Chloroflexi in sediments increased with flooding. The denitrifying nirS and nirK genes and anammox hzsB gene were significantly affected by water level fluctuation, with the maximal variations of these genes occurring in the mud flat and nymphoides zone. The results indicate that the distribution of plants under hydrological conditions modified the stoichiometric ratio of sediments, resulting in the variations of N2O emission fluxes and microbial communities in vegetation zones. Therefore, hydraulic regulation rather than direct planting would be an effective strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in freshwater wetlands.
The effects of storms and a transient sandy veneer on the interannual planform evolution of a low-relief coastal cliff and shore platform at Sargent Beach, Texas, USA
Authors: Palermo Rose V. , Piliouras Anastasia , Swanson Travis E. , Ashton Andrew D. , Mohrig David
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Coastal cliff erosion is alongshore-variable and episodic, with retreat rates that depend upon sediment as either tools of abrasion or protective cover. However, the feedbacks between coastal cliff planform morphology, retreat rate, and sediment cover are poorly quantified. This study investigates Sargent Beach, Texas, USA, at the annual to interannual scale to explore (1) the relationship between temporal and spatial variability in cliff retreat rate, roughness, and sinuosity and (2) the response of retreat rate and roughness to changes in sand and shell hash cover of the underlying mud substrate as well as the impact of major storms using field measurements of sediment cover, erosion, and aerial images to measure shore platform morphology and retreat. A storm event in 2009 increased the
planform roughness and sinuosity of the coastal cliff at Sargent Beach.
Following the storm, aerial-image-derived shorelines with annual resolution
show a decrease in average alongshore erosion rates from 12 to 4 m yr−1, coincident with a decrease in shoreline roughness and sinuosity (smoothing). Like the previous storm, a storm event in 2017 increased the planform roughness and sinuosity of the cliff. Over shorter timescales, monthly retreat of the sea cliff occurred only when the platform was sparsely covered with sediment cover on the shore platform, indicating that the tools and cover effects can significantly affect short-term erosion rates. The timescale to return to a smooth shoreline following a storm or roughening event, given a steady-state erosion rate, is approximately 24 years, with the long-term rate suggesting a maximum of ∼107 years until Sargent Beach breaches, compromising the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (GIWW) under current conditions and assuming no future storms or intervention. The observed retreat rate varies, both spatially and temporally, with cliff face morphology, demonstrating the importance of multi-scale measurements and analysis for interpretation of coastal processes and patterns of cliff retreat.
Accounting for meteorological effects in the detector of the charged component of cosmic rays
Authors: Philippov Maxim , Makhmutov Vladimir , Bazilevskaya Galina , Zagumennov Fedor , Fomenko Vladimir , Stozhkov Yuri , Orlov Andrey
Published: September 2021

Abstract. In this paper, we discuss the influence of meteorological effects
on the data of the ground installation CARPET, which is a detector of the
charged component of secondary cosmic rays (CRs). This device is designed in
the P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute (LPI, Moscow, Russia) and installed at
the Dolgoprudny scientific station (Dolgoprudny, Moscow region;
55.56∘ N, 37.3∘ E; geomagnetic cutoff rigidity (Rc = 2.12 GV) in 2017. Based on the data obtained in 2019–2020, the barometric
and temperature correction coefficients for the CARPET installation were
determined. The barometric coefficient was calculated from the data of the
barometric pressure sensor included in the installation. To determine the
temperature effect, we used the data of upper-air sounding of the atmosphere
obtained by the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Central Aerological
Observatory” (CAO), also located in Dolgoprudny. Upper-air sounds launch
twice a day and can reach an altitude of more than 30 km.
Coupling the Community Land Model version 5.0 to the parallel data assimilation framework PDAF: Description and applications
Authors: Strebel Lukas , Bogena Heye , Vereecken Harry , Hendricks Franssen Harrie-Jan
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Land surface models are important for improving our understanding of the earth system. They are continuously improving and becoming more accurate in describing the varied surface processes, e.g. the Community Land Model version 5 (CLM5). Similarly, observational networks and remote sensing operations are increasingly providing more and higher quality data. For the optimal combination of land surface models and observation data, data assimilation techniques have been developed in the past decades that incorporate observations to update modeled states and parameters. The Parallel Data Assimilation Framework (PDAF) is a software environment that enables ensemble data assimilation and simplifies the implementation of data assimilation systems in numerical models. In this paper, we present the further development of the PDAF to enable its application in combination with CLM5. This novel coupling adapts the optional CLM5 ensemble mode to enable integration of PDAF filter routines while keeping changes to the pre-existing parallel communication infrastructure to a minimum. Soil water content observations from an extensive in-situ measurement network in the Wüstebach catchment in Germany are used to illustrate the application of the coupled CLM5+PDAF system. The results show overall reductions in root mean square error of soil water content from 7 % up to 35 % compared to simulations without data assimilation. We expect the coupled CLM5+PDAF system to provide a basis for improved regional to global land surface modelling by enabling the assimilation of globally available observational data.
Downscaled surface mass balance in Antarctica: impacts of subsurface processes and large-scale atmospheric circulation
Authors: Hansen Nicolaj , Langen Peter L. , Boberg Fredrik , Forsberg Rene , Simonsen Sebastian B. , Thejll Peter , Vandecrux Baptiste , Mottram Ruth
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Antarctic surface mass balance (SMB) is largely determined by precipitation over the continent and subject to regional climate variability related to the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and other climatic drivers at the large scale. Locally however, firn and snowpack processes are important in determining SMB and the total mass balance of Antarctica and global sea level. Here, we examine factors that influence Antarctic SMB and attempt to reconcile the outcome with estimates for total mass balance determined from the GRACE satellites. This is done by having the regional climate model HIRHAM5 forcing two versions of an offline subsurface model, to estimate Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) SMB from 1980 to 2017. The Lagrangian subsurface model estimates Antarctic SMB of 2473.5±114.4 Gt yr−1, while the Eulerian subsurface model variant results in slightly higher modelled SMB of 2564.8±113.7 Gt yr−1. The majority of this difference in modelled SMB is due to melt and refreezing over ice shelves and demonstrates the importance of firn modelling in areas with substantial melt. Both the Eulerian and the Lagrangian SMB estimates are within uncertainty ranges of each other and within the range of other SMB studies. However, the Lagrangian version has better statistics when modelling the densities. Further, analysis of the relationship between SMB in individual drainage basins and the SAM is carried out using a bootstrapping approach. This shows a robust relationship between SAM and SMB in half of the basins (13 out of 27). In general, when SAM is positive there is a lower SMB over the plateau and a higher SMB on the westerly side of the Antarctic Peninsula, and vice versa when the SAM is negative. Finally, we compare the modelled SMB to GRACE data by subtracting the solid ice discharge, and we find that there is a good agreement in East Antarctica but large disagreements over the Antarctic Peninsula. There is a large difference between published estimates of discharge that make it challenging to use mass reconciliation in evaluating SMB models on the basin scale.
‘Dancing about architecture’: the fraught practice and chequered history of writing about the physical act of wave riding
Authors: Baker Tim
Published: September 2021

It has been said of music journalism, that writing about music is like dancing about architecture, a flawed and pointless exercise, the wrong medium for the artform. One might regard surf writing similarly. Perhaps the point of surf writing is that the experience is so fleeting and elusive that attempting to convey it in literary form stretches any writer to their limits. It is an open-ended challenge in which we are almost destined to fail but compelled to try anyway, like paddling out in a tumultuous sea, or taking off on a close-out.

This paper provides an historic overview of literary efforts to conjure the ethereal, multi-sensory experience of wave-riding, not just surf writing in general, but specifically efforts to describe the physical act of wave riding. I have written about surfing, as a career, for over 35 years, and am often struck by how little surf writing is focussed on describing the act itself. Most surf writing concerns itself with character profiles of elite surfers, exotic travel, competition, social and environmental issues that impact surfing. In the context of the popular surf media, images are the hero, better able to capture the splendour and magic of wave-riding, where words may seem inadequate.
Nồng độ TNF- huyết thanh của bệnh nhân bạch biến tại Bệnh viện Da liễu Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Vinh Ngô Minh , Lý Nguyễn Công , Trở Châu Văn
Published: September 2021

Mục tiêu: So sánh nồng độ TNF-a (Tumor necrosis factor alpha) huyết thanh bệnh nhân bạch biến với người bình thường. Xác định mối liên quan giữa nồng độ TNF-a huyết thanh với một số đặc điểm lâm sàng của bệnh nhân bạch biến. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang có đối chứng trên 51 bệnh nhân bạch biến và 51 người có tương đồng về tuổi và giới làm nhóm chứng tại Bệnh viện Da liễu Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh từ tháng 01/2021 đến tháng 06/2021. Kết quả: Nồng độ TNF-a huyết thanh ở nhóm bệnh nhân bạch biến là 10,84 ± 3,23pg/mL, cao hơn có ý nghĩa thống kê so với nhóm người bình thường là 6,98 ± 1,88pg/mL (p<0,0001). Nồng độ TNF-a huyết thanh ở nhóm bệnh nhân bạch biến đang tiến triển cao hơn so với nhóm bạch biến ổn định (p=0,001). Nồng độ TNF-a ở nhóm bệnh nhân bạch biến có hiện tượng Koebner cao hơn nhóm bệnh nhân không có hiện tượng này (p=0,012). Không ghi nhận mối tương quan giữa nồng độ TNF-α với tuổi, tuổi khởi phát bệnh, thời gian bệnh, diện tích và các đặc điểm thương tổn bạch biến. Kết luận: Nồng độ TNF-a huyết thanh cao hơn có ý nghĩa thống kê ở nhóm bệnh nhân bạch biến so với nhóm người khoẻ mạnh. Có mối liên quan giữa nồng độ TNF-a huyết thanh với mức độ hoạt động bệnh, sự xuất hiện của hiện tượng Koebner.
Tổn thương nhồi máu não cấp do bóc tách động mạch cảnh trong sau chấn thương sọ mặt: Thông báo 2 trường hợp
Authors: Thủy Trần Xuân , Trường Lê Văn , Tuyển Nguyễn Trọng , Thành Nguyễn Công , Linh Nguyễn Hải , Mỹ Lê Thị , Hồng Đặng Thị
Published: September 2021

Đột quỵ nhồi máu não cấp do bóc tách động mạch cảnh trong sau chấn thương là một biến chứng hiếm gặp gây tỷ lệ tử vong 60 - 65%, 20% bệnh nhân sống sót với tổn thương thần kinh nghiêm trọng và chỉ 15% hồi phục thần kinh tốt. Sự không tương xứng giữa các triệu chứng thần kinh khu trú với hình ảnh tổn thương não gợi ý bóc tách động mạch cảnh trong và bệnh nhân cần được chụp mạch não sớm để chẩn đoán. Điều trị tái thông mạch não kịp thời bằng can thiệp nội mạch, đặt stent tái lập dòng chảy mạch máu não sẽ tăng cơ hội sống và phục hồi cho người bệnh. Chúng tôi báo cáo 2 trường hợp lâm sàng có bóc tách động mạch cảnh trong sau chấn thương được chẩn đoán sớm và điều trị can thiệp mạch thành công.
Kết quả phẫu thuật thay khớp gối toàn phần bảo tồn dây chằng chéo sau
Authors: Thuận Mai Đức , Thành Nguyễn Tiến , Dũng Nguyễn Quốc
Published: September 2021

Mục tiêu: Nhận xét kết quả phẫu thuật thay khớp gối toàn phần loại bảo tồn dây chằng chéo sau điều trị thoái hóa khớp gối. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến hành trên 103 trường hợp (83 nữ và 20 nam) với 113 khớp gối thoái hóa, được phẫu thuật thay khớp gối toàn phần, bảo tồn dây chằng chéo sau. Tuổi trung bình là 67,7 tuổi (từ 48 đến 84 tuổi). Thời gian thực hiện từ tháng 2/2016 đến tháng 6/2019. Thời gian theo dõi trung bình là 27,9 tháng. Kết quả: Đánh giá kết quả chung theo thang điểm KSSS, tỷ lệ rất tốt là 78,8%, tốt 15,9%, khá 5,3% và kém 0%. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật thay khớp gối toàn phần, bảo tồn dây chằng chéo sau cho kết quả khả quan.
Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật tái tạo hai dây chằng chéo khớp gối một thì bằng gân tự thân với kỹ thuật nội soi
Authors: Hanh Lê , Dũng Nguyễn Quốc , Thanh Trần Ngọc , Hiếu Nguyễn Đức , Hải Lê Hồng
Published: September 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả tái tạo hai dây chằng chéo khớp gối 1 thì qua nội soi. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu với 52 bệnh nhân (31 nam và 21 nữ) được tái tạo hai dây chằng chéo khớp gối từ tháng 8 năm 2008 đến tháng 2 năm 2019. Thời gian theo dõi tối thiểu 1 năm sau phẫu thuật (từ 12 đến 92 tháng). Kết quả: Đánh giá kết quả sau phẫu thuật ít nhất 1 năm theo các thang điểm IKDC và Lysholm. Theo phân loại theo IKDC-2000, tại thời điểm theo dõi có 5 bệnh nhân xếp loại A, 32 bệnh nhân xếp loại B, 15 bệnh nhân xếp loại C so với 52 loại D thời điểm trước phẫu thuật. Theo thang điểm của Lyshom, điểm trung bình tại thời điểm theo dõi là 86,9 ± 9,5 điểm so với trước mổ là 43,6 ± 9,3 (cụ thể có 5 rất tốt, 33 tốt, 14 bệnh nhân kết quả trung bình. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật tái tạo hai dây chằng chéo khớp gối tuy bệnh nhân không thể phục hồi hoàn toàn như trước khi bị chấn thương nhưng hầu hết bệnh nhân phục hồi chức năng ổn định và đã cải thiện đáng kể chức năng khớp gối so với tình trạng trước phẫu thuật của họ.
Đánh giá kết quả chăm sóc người bệnh phẫu thuật chấn thương hàm mặt tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108
Authors: Phương Chu Thị Thu , Hà Lê Thị Thu
Published: September 2021

Mục tiêu: Nhận xét một số đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và yếu tố chăm sóc điều dưỡng ảnh hưởng đến kết quả điều trị phẫu thuật người bệnh chấn thương hàm mặt tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, mô tả cắt ngang 124 bệnh nhân chấn thương hàm mặt đơn thuần, được điều trị tại Khoa Phẫu thuật Hàm mặt và Tạo hình - Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108, từ tháng 11/2020 đến tháng 05/2021. Kết quả: Tai nạn giao thông (86,29%), thường gặp ở nam giới (75,81%), lứa tuổi lao động (18 - 59) chiếm đa số (87,90%). Đa số bệnh nhân bị sưng nề (94,35%), 27,05% bị tổn thương niêm mạc miệng, có tới 56,45% bệnh nhân có vết thương phần mềm khác ngoài hàm mặt. Tỷ lệ sưng, nề sau mổ giảm dần đến ngày ra viện còn 35,48%. Số lượng bạch cầu trung bình là 13,51 ± 0,71 (G/L) cao hơn bình thường, chẩn đoán bằng X-quang có tỷ lệ gãy tầng giữa mặt chiếm tỷ lệ cao hơn gãy xương hàm dưới với tỷ lệ 73,39%. Kết quả phẫu thuật có 01 bệnh nhân (0,81%) bị nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ, tỷ lệ sưng nề sau mổ giảm dần, ngày thứ nhất là 100%, đến ngày thứ 3 tỷ lệ này giảm còn 98,38%, ngày thứ 5 là 83,87% và ngày ra viện chỉ còn 35,48%. Truyền thông giáo dục sức khỏe đều trên 80%; tốt nhất là hướng dẫn quy chế bệnh viện và sử dụng thuốc đúng chỉ định chiếm 100%. Kết luận: Nguyên nhân chính gây chấn thương hàm mặt là tai nạn giao thông, nam giới chiếm tỷ lệ 3/1 so với nữ, lứa tuổi lao động chiếm đa số. Tổn thương gãy xương tầng giữa mặt chiếm trên 70%, xét nghiệm máu cho thấy bạch cầu tăng còn các chỉ số hoá nghiệm, sinh hoá máu khác trong giới hạn bình thường. Thời gian từ khi chấn thương đến khi vào viện trên 12 tiếng (77,4%), 94,35% có sưng nề vùng mặt. Kết quả điều trị phẫu thuật chỉ có 1/124 trường hợp nhiễm trùng vết mổ, những yếu tố điều dưỡng ảnh hưởng nhiều đến kết quả điều trị là chăm sóc thay băng, theo dõi dẫn lưu dịch, chăm sóc giảm đau và giáo dục sức khoẻ cho người bệnh.
Đặc điểm hình ảnh cắt lớp vi tính ở bệnh nhân đột quỵ thiếu máu não có tắc động mạch trong sọ trong 6 giờ đầu
Authors: Minh Lưu Quang , Khanh Thạch Thị Ngọc , Phương Nguyễn Văn , Thạch Nguyễn Văn , Thắng Lê Văn
Published: September 2021

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát một số đặc điểm hình ảnh cắt lớp vi tính ở bệnh nhân đột quỵ thiếu máu não cấp có tắc mạch trong sọ trong 6 giờ đầu. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Gồm 123 bệnh nhân đột quỵ thiếu máu não cấp có tắc động mạch trong sọ khởi phát trong vòng 6 giờ đầu từ tháng 11/2016 đến tháng 2/2018 tại Khoa Cấp cứu, Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108, phân tích đặc điểm hình ảnh cắt lớp vi tính, điểm ASPECTS. Kết quả: Thời gian khởi phát trung bình là 205,4 ± 92,4 phút. Bệnh nhân có độ tuổi trung bình là 65,0 ± 11,5 và nam chiếm tỷ lệ 56,9%. Có 88 bệnh nhân có hình ảnh tổn thương sớm trên cắt lớp vi tính chiếm 71,5%. Với những bệnh nhân đến trong 6 giờ, hình ảnh cắt lớp vi tính chưa thấy hình giảm tỷ trọng trên nhu mô não chiếm 26,8%. Trên cắt lớp vi tính mạch máu, có 63,4% tắc mạch máu lớn và 79,7% tắc mạch thuộc hệ tuần hoàn não trước. Điểm ASPECTS trung bình của 63 bệnh nhân có tắc động mạch não giữa là 7,75 ± 1,82 điểm. Kết luận: Bệnh nhân thường có ít nhất một trong các dấu hiệu sớm trên cắt lớp vi tính. Một bệnh nhân có thể có một hoặc nhiều dấu hiệu kèm theo. Tắc mạch máu lớn trong sọ chiếm 63,4%. Tỷ lệ tắc mạch thuộc hệ tuần hoàn não trước chiếm đa số 79,7%. Điểm ASPECTS trung bình là 7,75 ± 1,82 điểm.
Nghiên cứu mối liên quan giữa nồng độ gamma-glutamyl transferase huyết tương với hội chứng chuyển hóa
Authors: Thạch Nguyễn Cẩm , Thanh Đàm Thị Huyền , Tuyến Nguyễn Văn , Thảo Đinh Thị
Published: September 2021

Mục tiêu: Tìm hiểu mối liên quan giữa nồng độ gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) huyết tương với hội chứng chuyển hóa (Metabolic syndrome - MS) tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, mô tả cắt ngang trên 104 bệnh nhân có MS và 108 bệnh nhân không có MS đến khám và điều trị ngoại trú tại Khoa Khám bệnh - Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 từ ngày 01/11/2020 đến ngày 30/04/2021. Kết quả: Nồng độ GGT huyết tương nhóm bệnh nhân có MS (59,83 ± 47,9U/L) cao hơn so với nhóm không có MS (42,09 ± 18,21U/L) với p<0,05. Nguy cơ mắc MS ở nhóm nồng độ GGT huyết tương tăng (> 61U/l) so với nhóm nồng độ GGT bình thường: OR = 2,715; 95% CI 1,406 - 5,246 với p<0,05. Trong đó, nhóm nồng độ GGT từ > 61 - 122U/l có OR: 1,03; 95% CI: 1,26 - 2,05 với p<0,05; nhóm nồng độ GGT trên 122U/l có OR = 2,14; 95% CI: 1,33 - 6,05 với p<0,001. Kết luận: Nồng độ GGT huyết tương bệnh nhân có MS (59,83 ± 47,9U/L) cao hơn so với bệnh nhân không có MS (42,09 ± 18,21) với p<0,05. Tăng nồng độ GGT huyết tương làm tăng khả năng xuất hiện hội chứng chuyển hóa (OR 2,715; 95% CI: 1,406 - 5,246; p<0,05).
Prevalence and Nature of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Female Basketball Players
Authors: Jadhav Vibha , Bhatt Geeta
Published: September 2021

Background: The aim of study was to look into the frequency and nature of on-court injuries in female basketball players (FBP) and to determine the most common on-court injuries as well as their anatomical locations.
Method: cross sectional descriptive survey study design adopted. The data was gathered through the use of a structured self -administered questionnaire in the form of Google form via social media platforms (WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook) and e-mail. Using total population sampling design, 40 participants were calculated who filled the form. The collected data were analysed using descriptive analysis.
Result: The study found that the commonest injured anatomical area was the ankle (32%) and the commonest nature of injury was joint (22.2%) followed by muscle (20.9%).
Conclusion: The study concludes that the lower extremity injuries were the most common. It identified the ankle injuries to be the commonest injuries occurring in female basketball players.

Key words: Female basketball players, ankle injuries, basketball, on-court injuries.
Treatment Literacy of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in Government Healthcare Facilities in Malaysia
Authors: Yadzir Zailatul Hani Mohamad , Ramly Mazliza , Suleiman Anita
Published: September 2021

Background: Treatment literacy is a significant factor in the management of health and care of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the level of treatment literacy among PLHIV in selected government facilities.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken from July to August 2020 in five government hospitals and six government health clinics in Malaysia. A validated self-administered questionnaire encompassing six items about treatment literacy was used to assess the knowledge of PLHIV. This survey was conducted via web-based platform.
Results: Overall, 1173 PLHIV participated in this study. The major finding in this study was that 90.0% of PLHIV were currently on treatment and aware of their antiretroviral therapy (ART) regime. Majority of PLHIV (74.0%) also stated that they know the frequency of receiving their viral load test.
Conclusion: The study found a high level of treatment literacy among PLHIV in selected government facilities in Malaysia.

Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), people living with HIV (PLHIV), antiretroviral therapy (ART)
Effectiveness of Supervised Pulmonary Rehabilitation in a Patient with Post-COVID Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Vincent Ancy , Deo Medha
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus-2019 has turned out to be a global pandemic impacting millions of people. Following recovering from Covid-19, patients suffer from post-COVID Syndrome which has an impact on lung function resulting in exertional dyspnea, cough, hypoxia or pulmonary fibrosis thereby reducing exercise as well as functional capacity. Along with medical intervention, pulmonary rehabilitation program is essential to reduce the symptoms in post-COVID-19 survivors and thereby improve the quality of life. This case study describes a 38 year diagnosed with viral pneumonitis with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who was given a structured supervised home based Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) program for 6 days a week, for 8 weeks post discharge from hospital. Results showed improvement in oxygen saturation at rest on room air, 6 minute walking distance (6MWD), Post Covid-19 Functional Status (PCFS) Scale, Functional Independent Measure (FIM) scale, World Health Organization Quality of Life Instruments (WHOQOL-BREF) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale–21 (DASS-21). This case report proposes PR as an important intervention to improve exercise as well as functional capacity thereby reducing the significant negative impact on post COVID survivors.

Key words: COVID-19, Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Post-COVID, Exercise.
Sustainable Growth of Nonfinancial Firms: An Empirical Examination of Emerging Economies
Authors: Mubeen Muhammad , Ahmed Mansoor , Iqbal Athar , Arif Kashif
Published: September 2021

The classic model of sustainable growth presented by Higgins is extensively used in accounting and finance research. This research empirically examines this model which was suggested to be underestimated in the existing literature. The investigation was performed using data from 2000 to 2015 for seven emerging countries. To find out the mean difference in growth between secondary equity issuing firms and non-issuing firms, we used an independent sample t-test. To identify the factors affecting differences in sustainable growth and realized growth,  regression analysis was performed and a panel of seven countries for sixteen years data was used to estimate the panel regression. The study found the Higgins’ model to be underestimated. One of the main factors of underestimation of the model was found to be the secondary equity issue. This factor was observed to be significant in the case of five countries i.e. Pakistan, India, Korea, Indonesia and Brazil while the same was found insignificant in Turkey and China. Also during the examination, firm-specific factors that are important for the underestimation of the SGR (Sustainable Growth Rate) model were detected which include leverage and size, whereas dividend policy and profitability gave mixed results. Our study suggests that firms with secondary equity issues are more likely to have sustainable growth than firms not having secondary equity issues.
Antara Timur Dan Barat: Merefleksikan Pendidikan Karakter Indonesia Melalui Pemikiran Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana
Authors: Rahman Fadly
Published: September 2021

Persoalan seputar benturan peradaban Timur dan Barat sebagaimana dicetuskan oleh Edward Said dengan Orientalisme-nya dan Hassan Hanafi dengan Oksidentalisme-nya masih menjadi hal yang menarik untuk didiskusikan saat ini. Bukan hanya terjadi di negara-negara bekas jajahan Barat/Eropa, persoalan itu juga terjadi di negara-negara Barat sendiri. Bedanya, jika di negara-negara Barat, tradisitradisi Timur dilirik sebagai wujud dari pelepasan rasa penat masyarakatnya terhadap berbagai praktik modernitas, maka sebaliknya di negara-negara Timur masyarakatnya justru terus mencoba terbuka menyerap modernitas Barat dan pada saat bersamaan berupaya mempertahankan nilai-nilai tradisinya. Artikel ini mencoba membahas persoalan tersebut dalam ruang lingkup Indonesia. Dengan membahas dan merefleksikan pemikiran terkait “polemik kebudayaan” yang pernah dipantik oleh Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana pada 1935, tulisan ini mencoba untuk meretas masalah benturan antara Timur dan Barat di Indonesia sebagai suatu hal yang kini terlupakan dalam upaya membangun pendidikan karakter bangsa.
Pembelajaran Sejarah di Sma melalui Program Sangiran Masuk Sekolah
Authors: Hermanto Wiwit
Published: September 2021

Program Sangiran Masuk Sekolah (SMS) merupakan bagian dari upaya untuk menyebarkaninformasi, mengedukasi mengenai cagar budaya khususnya Situs Sangiran, mengedukasi generasi muda, dan sebagai bentuk kemitraan Balai Pelestarian Situs Manusia Purba (BPSMP) Sangiran dengan pihak sekolah. Metode yang digunakan Program SMS dengan menampilkan pemaparan di kelas, diskusi, pameran mini, film, dan kuis. Materi yang disampaikan disesuaikan dengan Kurikulum K13 dan kemudian disusun kisi-kisi materi SMS. Pada tahun 2019, menyasar empat sekolah tingkat menengah (SMA) di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan Jawa Tengah. Pemilihan ini berdasarkan data pengunjung di Museum Manusia Purba Sangiran, permintaan layanan edukasi sekolah, dan koordinasi dengan Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi dan pihak sekolah. Pemilihan SMA sebagai sasaran karena materi praaksara/ prasejarah banyak diajarkan tetapi materi dan jam pelajarannya relatif sedikit.
Kata Pengantar
Authors: Patrawidya Admin
Published: September 2021

Edisi Jurnal Patrawidya Vol. 21 No. 2, Agustus 2020 ini memuat tujuh artikel dalam bidang sejarah dan budaya, serta satu artikel dari penulis tamu. Tujuh artikel tersebut adalah: 1) Pemanfaatan Situs Cagar Budaya Pelawangan dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah Lokal, karya Unggul Sudrajat dan Mulyadi; 2) Medali Belanda dan Pengaruhnya bagi Kehidupan Sosial Elit Jawa abad XIX – XX; Studi Kasus Pemberian Medali kepada Paku Buwana X, karya Siska Nurazizah, dkk.; 3) Makna “Prestise” Sosial Para Ahli Waris dalam Pelaksanaan Tradisi Slametan Kematian di Banyumas, karya Listyana Nur Kholifah dan Nugroho Trisnu Brata; 4) Pasemon sebagai Bahasa Kritik dalam Seni Pertunjukan Masyarakat Madura, karya Akhmad Sofyan, dkk.; 5) Kehidupan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Kerajaan Matarm Kuno Abad IX - X M: Kajian Berdasarkan Prasasti dan Relief, karya Naufal Raffi Arrazaq dan Saefur Rochmad; 6) Menelusuri Identitas Simbolik Keindonesiaan pada Paruh Awal Abad Ke-20, karya Rhoma Dwi Aria Yuliantri, M. Pd.; 7) Review Kritis Genealogi Konseptualisasi Budayaan dan Telaah Pengaturan Kebijakan Kebudayaan Daerah di Indonesia, karya Nur Rosyid. Adapun artikel dari penulis tamu berjudul The Elements Of Banyumas Traditional Historiography, hasil tulisan Sugeng Priyadi.
Pemanfaatan Situs Cagar Budaya Pelawangan Dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah Lokal
Authors: Sudrajat Unggul , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: September 2021

Pembelajaran sejarah lokal dapat dijadikan sebagai media untuk mengembangkan rasa kepedulian dan ketertarikan peserta didik terhadap kedaerahan mereka. Melalui sejarah lokal, peserta didik dapat belajar tentang keunikan daerahnya, seperti budaya dan kearifan lokal. Salah satu sumber yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pembelajaran sejarah lokal adalah Situs Cagar Budaya Pelawangan, di Kabupaten Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemanfaatan Situs Cagar Budaya Pelawangan dalam pembelajaran sejarah lokal. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, serta studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dengan menjadikan Situs Pelawangan sebagai sumber pembelajaran sejarah lokal, peserta didik memperoleh pengetahuan baru tentang keunikan budaya dan kearifan lokal dari kehidupan masyarakat masa lalu. Keunikan tersebut berwujud pohon tetenger yang menjadi penanda adanya situs yang terpendam.
Menambang Kali Brantas: Dari Krisis Menuju Jalan Keluar
Authors: Nawiyanto Nawiyanto , Krisnadi IG , Endrayadi Eko Crys , Handayani Sri Ana , Salindri Dewi , Calvaryni Nina Mutiara
Published: September 2021

Artikel ini membahas penambangan pasir di Sungai Brantas yang semula bermanfaat berubah menjadi ancaman dan diharapkan dapat lebih memperkaya historiografi sungai yang sejauh ini lebih banyak menyoroti sungai sebagai pusat peradaban, sumber bencana, dan pencemaran. Dengan bersandar pada sumber arsip, surat kabar sejaman, dan wawancara, diargumentasikan bahwa krisis sungai Brantas terjadi seiring akselerasi panambangan pasir, yang dipicu tumbuhnya permintaan galian pasir untuk pembangunan kota dan difasilitasi oleh penggunaan teknologi modern berupa mesin penyedot pasir mekanis. Penambangan pasir mekanis menimbulkan kerusakan infrastruktur dan pemukiman di berbagai tempat di sepanjang sungai dari wilayah hilir yang terus merambat ke hulu, serta hilangnya kekayaan keragaman hayati. Upaya mencari solusi telah berlangsung lama, namun gagal menghentikan penambangan dan membawa Sungai Brantas keluar dari krisis. Kegagalan terjadi bukan karena ketiadaan payung hukum, melainkan sulitnya implementasi regulasi di lapangan akibat keterlibatan oknum aparat dan politisi dalam bisnis pasir Brantas, serta godaan keuntungan besar secara mudah dan cepat dari menambang di tengah keterbatasan alternatif pekerjaan yang tersedia.
Health economics agenda in the 21st century - Analysis of research publication trends in health economics from 2000 to 2020
Authors: Polašek Ozren
Published: September 2021

#Background

The aim of this study was to assess the bibliometric output related to health economics from 2000 to 2020.

#Methods

Published papers that were indexed in Pubmed were enumerated and later stratified by regions.

#Results

A declining publication trend was observed, with the most articles recorded in 2015, followed by a steady decline ever since. From 2015 to 2020, as many as 42 thousand articles less was published compared to the projected trend of growth recorded from 2000 to 2015. This decline was the strongest for articles related to Europe and the Americas, while articles related to Africa, Asia, and Australia were rising.

#Conclusions

A steady decline of health economics research output was observed during the past five years, which was to a degree negated by the rising output from the low- and middle-income countries.