bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Interval Pemupukan dan Lama Penyungkupan terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Anggrek Dendrobium sp. saat Aklimatisasi
Authors: Dewanti Parawita , Sulistiyono
Published: June 2024

Anggrek merupakan tanaman hias yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi, sehingga banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Perbanyakan anggrek secara kultur jaringan di tahap aklimatisasi seringkali mengalami kegagalan. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk mendukung keberhasilan aklimatisasi anggrek dilakukan dengan interval pemupukan dan lama penyungkupan yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui interval pemupukan dan lama penyungkupan yang sesuai untuk aklimatisasi anggrek dendrobium. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Juni 2022 di greenhouse Agrotechnopark Universitas Jember. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rangcangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RALF) dengan dua faktor yaitu interval pemupukan dan lama penyungkupan dan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Taraf interval pemupukan yaitu: (P1: 6 hari, P2: 10 hari, dan P3: 14 hari), sedangkan taraf lama penyungkupan yaitu: (S0: tanpa sungkup, S1: 10 hari, S2: 30 hari, dan S3: 50 hari,). Parameter pengamatan meliputi persentase planlet hidup, pertambahan tinggi tanaman, pertambahan jumlah daun, jumlah akar, panjang akar, dan berat segar tanaman. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dilakukan analisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan dan diuji lanjut menggunakan uji jarak berganda Duncan pada taraf kepercayaan 95 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interval pemupukan terbaik untuk aklimatisasi anggrek dendrobium adalah 6 hari sekali yang menghasilkan pertambahan tinggi rerata 1,43 cm. Lama penyungkupan terbaik adalah tanpa penyungkupan yang menghasilkan jumlah akar rerata 10,42 helai dan panjang akar rerata 8,29 cm. Kombinasi interval pemupukan dan lama penyungkupan terbaik adalah 6 hari sekali dengan tanpa penyungkupan yang menghasilkan pertambahan tinggi rerata 2,23 cm.
Identification of Pests and Diseases on Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in Sangihe Island Regency, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Papona Alisya Talita , Tondok Efi Toding , Istiaji Bonjok
Published: June 2024

As an archipelago regency, the Sangihe Islands has been known for its expanses of coconut plantations, which are one of the local community's primary commodities and sources of income. An inventory of pests and diseases specific to coconut in this area has never been carried out, and this information is needed, especially regarding sustainable coconut management. This study aimed to determine the presence of coconut pests and diseases in Sangihe and to obtain the latest conditions related to pests and disease incidence. The research was carried out through several stages, i.e., interviewing farmers, sampling, and identifying and documenting pests and diseases. The climate condition of Sangihe Island is classified as type A (very wet), with an average rainfall of 248 mm, temperature of 27 C, and humidity of 83% from 2017-2021. This condition is one of the determining factors for the existence of pest attacks and disease-causing pathogen infection on coconut. Pests dominated as disturbing organisms compared to diseases caused by plant pathogens. These pests included grasshoppers, coconut rhinoceros beetles, coconut hispine beetles, coconut mites, and white-tailed mice. Observations of the damage intensity by Sexava coriaceae were conducted in the Tahuna Barat district by selecting three land categories. The most severe damage occurred in field B (mostly planted with Hybrid Coconuts) with a percentage of 39%, while the lowest damage was in field C (mostly planted with Tall Coconuts), at 17%. The major disease detected was a gray leaf spot caused by the fungus Pestalotiopsis palmarum. The highest disease incidence and severity were found in Tabukan Utara district with percentages of 43% and 22% respectively, while the lowest incidence and severity were found in Tahuna Barat district with percentages of 3% and 1%, respectively.
Residues, An Alternative for Reducing Water Contamination, Leaching, and Greenhouse Gas Emission
Authors: Shams Zohreh , Heidari Maryam , Mokhtari Reza
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the efficacy of grape residue in reducing water contamination. Our findings revealed significant reductions in nitrate leaching upon the application of grape residues. Smaller residue particle sizes recorded greater reductions in nitrate leaching compared to larger ones. Utilizing grape waste branches for biochar production offers a sustainable solution, improving water retention, organic matter content, and reducing nutrient leaching. Biochar not only enhances nutrient retention but also promotes microbial activity and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, benefiting soil health and crop productivity. It also helps combat drought and salinity stress. Overall, grape biochar shows potential in mitigating nitrate pollution, enhancing soil quality, and promoting agricultural sustainability. It is important to consider the optimal biochar application rate and particle size to maximize its effectiveness in reducing nitrate leaching while minimizing any potential negative impacts on crop yield. Further research is required to optimize biochar application rates, particle sizes, and long-term effects in diverse agricultural systems. Implementing biochar as a soil amendment holds promise in improving soil health, water quality, and overall sustainability.
Keanekaragaman Serangga Musuh Alami Pada Pertanaman Sayuran Organik
Authors: Kurniansyah Aldi , Windriyanti Wiwin , Rahmadhini Noni
Published: June 2024

Keanekaragaman adalah ukuran integrasi komunitas biologi dengan menghitung dan mempertimbangkan jumlah populasi yang membentuknya dengan kelimpahan relatifnya. Musuh alami merupakan salah satu penyusun komunitas untuk mengendalikan hama. Serangga yang tergolong musuh alami yaitu predator dan parasitoid. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman serangga musuh alami di area pertanaman sayuran organik yang ditanam secara polikultur dan dikelilingi oleh tanaman refugia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu purposive sampling dengan menggunakan alat perangkap yaitu yellow sticky trap (perangkap kuning), sweep net (jaring), pitfall trap (perangkap jatuh) dan pengamatan secara visual. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Brenjonk Kecamatan Trawas Jawa Timur di pertanaman sayuran organik yang ditanam secara polikultur. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) pada lahan sayuran organik sebesar 2.53. Hasil analisis perhitungan nilai indeks dominansi simpson (C) lahan sayuran organik menunjukkan nilai 0.10. Hasil indeks kemerataan jenis (E) analisis perhitungannya adalah 0.91. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu indeks keanekaragaman jenis (E’) kategori sedang, indeks dominansi simpson (C) kategori rendah dan indeks kemerataan jenis (E) kategori kemerataan tinggi.
Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gamma terhadap Hasil dan Pertumbuhan Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum)
Authors: Fahrudin Danil Eka , Slameto
Published: June 2024

Cabai merah (Capsicum annuum) merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan tambahan pangan yang memberikan rasa pedas khas dan memberi warna pada makanan. Menurunnya penggunaan varietas local cabai merah dalam jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan keberadaan plasma nutfah lokal semakin menurun hingga terancam punah, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan mutu varietas lokal agar varietas lokal kembali diminati oleh masyarakat. petani. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas tanaman cabai mentah varietas lokal adalah dengan mutasi genetik menggunakan sinar gamma. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh iradiasi sinar gamma terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai merah varietas Tanjung-2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh iradiasi sinar gamma terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai merah varietas Tanjung-2. Berdasarkan pengamatan, tumbuhan kode 50.12 merupakan tumbuhan mutan tertinggi dengan tinggi 56,5 cm. Selain itu dari segi hasil, kode 150.2 mempunyai jumlah buah dan berat buah terbanyak dibandingkan seluruh tanaman sampel. Selain itu tanaman dengan perlakuan 350 Gy dapat menghasilkan cabai merah yang memiliki kadar capsaicin lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanaman tanpa perlakuan sinar gamma (0 Gy).
Induksi Poliploidi Menggunakan Perlakuan Kolkisin pada Anggrek Bulan (Phalaenopsis sp.) secara In Vivo
Authors: Ermawati Netty , Sjamsijah Nurul , Syaban Rahmat Ali , Prasetyo Hari , Safi'i Mohamad
Published: June 2024

Anggrek bulan merupakan salah satu bunga yang populer di Indonesia, karena bentuk dan warnanya yang bervariasi, sehingga permintaan akan anggrek ini baik sebagai bunga hias atau bunga potong terus meningkat. Sejalan dengan meningkatnya permintaan terhadap anggrek, diperlukan upaya peningkatan kualitas anggrek, khususnya melalui perlakuan induksi mutasi untuk memperoleh keanekaragaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat konsentrasi kolkisin (senyawa mutagen) terhadap karakter morfologi dan fisiologis (khususnya organ stomata) pada Phalaenopsis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2022 sampai dengan Januari 2023, menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan perlakuan kolkisin yang terdiri dari 5 konsentrasi berbeda dengan 4 kali pengulangan. Kadar perlakuan meliputi 0 ppm (Kontrol), K1 (30 ppm), K2 (35 ppm), K3 (40 ppm), dan K4 (45 ppm). Data penelitian diuji menggunakan uji F ANOVA, apabila hasil menunjukkan berbeda nyata maka diuji lanjut menggunakan LSD dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kolkisin 45 ppm memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata terhadap karakter morfologi seperti umur munculnya daun baru, tinggi tanaman, dan jumlah daun, serta memberikan pengaruh berbeda nyata terhadap parameter warna daun, sedangkan Karakter anatomi mempunyai pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap parameter kepadatan stomata. Namun perlakuan konsentrasi kolkisin tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap parameter tebal daun, persentase hidup tanaman, panjang stomata, dan lebar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kolkisin 45 ppm mampu menginduksi poliploidi awal yang ditunjukkan oleh parameter jumlah stomata. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi colchicine mengakibatkan semakin rendahnya kepadatan stomata.
الأفكار الجغرافية الرياضية لعلماء العرب والمسلمين وتطبيقاتها الفلكية (دراسة في الفكر الجغرافي)
Authors: محمد سهير عبدالله , عبيد محمد فزع
Published: June 2024

اتصل الجانب العملي عند المسلمين في اهتمامهم بالجانب الفلكي منذ انتشار الإسلام، فلم يغفلوا أهمية هذا الجانب في حياتهم التطبيقية، لذلك تحققت هذه الغاية وقد زاد اهتمامهم وعنايتهم بالفلك، بسبب حاجتهم الكبيرة إلى ضبط الأشهر والأيام والساعات وكذلك لمعرفة أوقات الفرائض كالصلاة والصوم والحج، فأوقات الصلاة تختلف من بلد إلى اخر ومن يوم إلى يوم، وهذا يستلزم معرفة خطوط العرض للبلدان والاصقاع وأحوال الشمس والاتجاه الصحيح إلى الكعبة، ومعرفة (سمت القبلة) وهلال رمضان، فضلاً عن ذلك اهتمامهم بعلم الانواء لمعرفة أحوال الجو وتقلباته، لأنه كانوا في اشد الحاجة إلى المطر الذي يحي الارض بعد موتها و اتخذه المسلمون (نظام الحساب لا يزال في استخدام الحق في علم الفلك حتى الفترة الحديثة المبكرة) في مجالات الرياضيات.
الموقع الجغرافي الامثل لإنتاج الطاقة الشمسية في العراق ومدى كفايته في تغطية حاجته من الطاقة الكهربائية
Authors: سلطان خليل العبيدي صباح حسن
Published: June 2024

تعد دراسة الطاقة المتجددة احدى الدراسات المناخية المهمة سيما وانها تحتل المرتبة الاولى من حيث الاهمية اذا ما قورنت بأنواع الطاقات الاخرى, اذ انها تأخذ الموضوع من منظور جغرافي وتدعم الدراسات الجغرافية في هذا الموضوع. لقد قدمت الدراسة تحليلاً كمياً لخصائص التوزيع المكاني للإشعاع الشمسي الفعلي وكمية الطاقة الكهربائية المتوقعة منه, يهدف البحث عن المكان الجغرافي الامثل في انتاج الطاقة الشمسية وهي دراسة مقارنه تهدف ايجاد معالجات لمشكلة نقص الطاقة الكهربائية في العراق عن طريق اظهار امكانية توليد الطاقة الكهربائية من الاشعاع الشمسي وما يمكن توليده بوسطتها عن طريق الخلايا الشمسية والمساحة الازمة لذلك.
اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي الذي يقوم على وصف البيانات الخاصة بالدراسة وتحليلها, واستخدام المنهج الكمي والاسلوب الرياضي والكارتوكرافي باستخدام برنامج Arc(GIS) وبرنامج الاكسل في تحليل تلك البيانات للمحطات المناخية المدروسة, وعمل خرائط واشكال بيانيه لذلك تمهيداً لتحديد المكان الجغرافي الامثل للإنشاء مزارع الخلايا الشمسية, وخلصت الدراسة الى ان العراق يقع ضمن مناطق الحزام الشمسي وافضل موقع لإنشاء الخلايا الشمسية هو جنوب غرب القطر ضمن محطات السلمان والنخيب والرطبة, وختمت الدراسة بأهم النتائج والتوصيات التي يمكن الاستفادة منها في المستقبل.
معطيات الطاقة المتجددة وافاق تطورها في العراق
Authors: عبدالله السامرائي زياد فاضل
Published: June 2024

يهدف البحث الى مناقشة معطيات صناعة الطاقة المتجددة فضلا عن واقع الطاقة في العراق ، والامكانات الجغرافية الداعمة لتنمية صناعة الطاقة المتجددة . وتوضيح التوجهات الحكومية في هذا المجال واهم المشاريع  المخططة والمنفذة . ويرتكز البحث على ثلاثة محاور تناول الاول  واقع انتاج الطاقة في العراق ، حيث اتضح ان (57 %) من الكهرباء يتم الحصول عليها من المحطات الغازية فضلا عن (21%) من المحطات البخارية وهذه المحطات تستخدم وقود احفوري وهي ملوثة للبيئة . اما المحور الثاني فقد تناول معطيات الطاقة المتجددة في العراق اذ تبين انها لا تسهم سوى بنسبة (2%) من مجموع الطاقة الكهربائية في العراق . وان الانتاج الفعلي عام 2022 بلغ (493.5) ميكاواط وهي تشكل نسبة (26.47%) من الطاقة التصميمة . وان انخفاض كفاءة  المحطات يعود  لعدة اسباب منها شحة المياه وسوء ادارتها ، وقدم المحطات وعدم تطويرها . وتناول المحور الثالث افاق استثمار الطاقة المتجددة في العراق ، وكان العراق من الدول الرائدة في مجال  الطالقة المتجددة حيث تم عام 1982 تجهيز بناية مركز بحوث الطاقة الشمسية في الجادرية بالتدفئة والتبريد وتجهيز الماء الحار باستخدام الطاقة الشمسية ، ومشروع ابي نؤاس لاستخدام الالواح الكهروضوئية في (273) شقة سكنية . وحاليا هناك عدة مشاريع للطاقة المتجددة قيد التنفيذ والمخططة لإنتاج 7755(ميكا واط)  موزعة على مناطق العراق.
تقدير حجم الجريان السطحي ومخاطره السيلية في حوض وادي المرج باستخدام نموذج (SCS-CN)
Authors: خلف سهاد شلاش
Published: June 2024

تناولت الدراسة حوض المرج الواقع في الهضبة الغربية حيث تسود في المنطقة تساقط أمطار فصلية كون المنطقة ضمن نطاق المناطق الجافة وشبه الجافة والتي تكون غير كافية في بعض الأحيان لنشوء جريان سطحي، الا عندما يكون التساقط بشكل عواصف فجائية تعمل على توليد جريان سطحي،وان هذه الأمطار ليست بمجملها تنشئ جريانا سطحيا وذلك لتعرضها للترشيح وللتبخر والامتصاص من قبل النباتات، فضلا عن العديد من العوامل متعلقة بالتربة من نفاذية ومسامية والغطاء الأرضي والانحدار واستعمالات الارض.توجد طرق عديدة لتقدير حجم الجريان السطحي ومنها نموذج صيانة التربة( CN-SCS) بالاعتماد على فرضية صيانة التربة الأمريكية، تعتمد على هيدرولوجية التربة وتصنيف الغطاء الارضي، بالاعتماد على أدوات التحليل المكاني لمعطيات التحسس النائي ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية،لغرض استخلاص معلومات عن الموارد الطبيعة وتصنيف استعمالات الأرض،اعتمادا على بيانات القمر الصناعي(LandsatOLI 8) بتاريخ 15/4/2023، وبرنامج(Arc Map 10.7). وتطبيق معادلات لقياس منحنى الجريان السطحي (CN) (USDA)[1]( USDA، 1986، P.2-1)وطورت هذه الطريقة من قبل إدارة صيانة التربة التابعة إدارة الزراعة بالولايات المتحدة الامريكية )Serice Conservation Soil ) عام 1970 ووضعت صيغتها المشهورة في عام 1986( الدوري ,218: 2019)
نمذجة المخاطر الهيدرولوجية للأحواض النهرية في قضاء الشرقاط وفق طريقة تحليل المتغيرات المورفومترية MEC
Authors: إبراهيم السامرائي نورالدين فيصل , حميد الجبوري دلي خلف
Published: June 2024

تطرقت هذه الدراسة (نمذجة المخاطر الهيدرولوجية للأحواض النهرية في قضاء الشرقاط وفق طريقة تحليل المتغيرات المورفومترية) الى التعرف على الخصائص الطبيعية للمنطقة المتمثلة بكثافة الغطاء النباتي وخصائص اتجاه الانحدار والبعض العناصر المناخية من اجل معرفة كمية التاثيرات والمخاطر الهيدرولوجية على هذه الاحواض اثناء فترة حدوث السيول في منطقة الدراسة وذلك من خلال استخدام التقنيات المتطورة والوسائل الحديثة لمعرفة تفاصيل ذلك.
        وشملت الدراسة ايضاً دراسة نمذجة وتقييم الخطر الهيدرولوجي على احواض المنطقة وما تحتويها من بيئة وسلوكيات مائية تمخضت بلورتها ونضوجها اثناء حدوث السيول والفيضانات في منطقة الاحواض النهرية فأدى ذلك الى دراسة هذه المخاطر وفق نموذج هيدرولوجي وهو (طريقة تحليل المتغيرات المورفومترية)، بعد ذلك تم تقييم هذه المخاطر لغرض تخفيض الخطر المحتمل وإجراءات التحكم بها، اذ صنفت الى اربع مستويات من الخطورة وهي مناطق قليلة الخطورة ومناطق متوسطة الخطورة ومناطق خطرة ومناطق شديدة الخطورة.
Unified legal framework for restricting the turnover of landmine weapons
Authors: Primov Magomedrasul Narimanovich , Primova Medina Narimanovna
Published: June 2024

The dominance of the collective West caused by the liquidation of the USSR led to a sharp aggravation of the international situation, the emergence of new fierce local military conflicts with the massive use of landmine weapons. This entails the death and injury of both military personnel and civilians. The existing international treaties are practically not respected. The search for effective solutions in this area meets the basic needs of all peoples of the world, in contrast to the artificial problems of global projects of the collective West, implemented under the auspices of the WTO, IMF, IEF, WHO, and the World Bank. The obvious crisis of international humanitarian law reflects the state of international relations and makes the search for effective solutions to real humanitarian problems extremely relevant. The effectiveness of legal regulation is one of the main directions for solving the mine problem. Comparative analysis has shown that the very fact of the existence of two main treaties on landmine weapons, with different subject matter and composition of the participating States, objectively creates problems in the application and execution of these treaties. And the conducted generalization of reservations and statements made by individual parties to the treaties indicates that the latter may be aimed at non-fulfillment of these treaties. Within the framework of the two existing international mine action treaties, the obligation of their execution by the authors of the relevant novels is almost completely excluded. This conclusion is confirmed by the content of the relevant reservations, statements, and interpretations given in the work, which belong to the authorship of the States of the collective West. At the same time, it was the analysis of the relevant reservations and declarations that made it possible to formulate the main condition for international legal regulation in this area. As a solution to these problems, it is proposed to unify the regulation of the turnover of landmine weapons – the establishment of a unified concept of a mine action treaty based on the status of a party to an armed conflict. Another positive consequence of the existence of a single international treaty based on the prohibition of the use of landmine weapons on the territory of other States is the unification of the basic definitions of landmine weapons.
Konut Fiyatlarının Makroekonomik Belirleyicileri ve Yabancıya Konut Satışının Konut Fiyatlarına Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi: İzmir İli Örneği
Authors: Bıtrak Orhan Orçun
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin üçüncü büyük ili olan İzmir’deki konut fiyatlarının makroekonomik belirleyicileri ve yabancıya konut satışının konut fiyatlarına etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Ocak 2020-Aralık 2023 dönemine ilişkin İzmir ilindeki yabancıya yapılan konut satışı sayısı, konut kredisi faiz oranı, konut maliyet endeksi ve tüketici fiyat endeksi değişkenlerinin konut fiyatlarına olan kısa ve uzun dönemli etkileri ARDL (eşbütünleşme için artırılmış otoregresif dağıtılmış gecikmeli) modeli ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, yabancıya yapılan konut satışı sayısı ve tüketici fiyat endeksinin uzun dönemde İzmir’deki konut fiyatlarını artırdığı, konut kredisi faiz oranının ise azalttığı belirlenmiştir. Hata düzeltme modeli sonuçları, kısa dönemde ortaya çıkan şokların yaklaşık 4,5 ay sonra uzun dönem denge seviyesine geleceğini göstermiştir. Diğer taraftan, cari ve bir dönem önceki konut kredisi faiz oranlarında ve cari dönem enflasyon oranındaki artışların cari dönemdeki konut fiyatlarını azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Konut maliyetinde cari dönemde ortaya çıkan artışların cari dönem konut fiyatlarını artırıcı, iki dönem önceki konut maliyetlerindeki artışların ise cari dönem konut fiyatlarını azaltıcı bir etkide bulunduğu belirlenmiştir.
Community Economic Development through a Sufism Perspective In Indonesian Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Suhandi Suhandi  , Gesit Yudha  , Muhammad Jayus
Published: June 2024

This article explored how to develop a Sufism-based community economy at the Al- Hanif Islamic Boarding School in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia. The authors used qualitative field research with a descriptive analysis technique to describe economic development. The results of this study were one of the teachings highly emphasized in the Sufism-based Islamic boarding school conducted by Al-Hanif Lampung is the belief that religious perfection consists of three dimensions: Imān, Islām, and Iḥsān. Economic development in the Boarding School community empowerment process is carried out independently without assistance from the government through Bait al-Māl wa Tamwīl (BMT), drinking water companies, and schools. This Islamic Boarding School also applies the Islamic economic system in its business, such as the profit-sharing (muḍārabah) system, and prioritizes community empowerment to benefit the surrounding community. Moral Sufism values are implemented in the industrial economy, including the concepts of Ikhlāş ‘sincerely’, zuhd ‘asceticism’, takhalī (emptying the heart from despicable qualities), tahalī (filling the heart from commendable qualities), and tajalī (self-approach to Allah). The business aims to open up employment opportunities for the local community, which will later bring prosperity to the community; a profit-sharing system is also implemented in the trading system; whatever profits are obtained will be shared with the manager, and then the existing profits will be used for operations and activities that benefit the local community. Running an independent business will become a source of income for carrying out religious activities and become a job opportunity for the local community. Practicing the concept of Sufism in a modern ascetic manner is also hoped that it can foster spiritual values.
Understanding the Relationship between Faith-based Locus of Control and Academic Self-Efficacy among Muslim Students in Nigeria
Authors: Osita Victor Ossai  , Amos Nnaemeka Amedu
Published: June 2024

In spite of numerous research reports demonstrating the relationship between locus of control (LOC) and academic self-efficacy (ASE) among Muslim students, studies on how faith-based LOC relates to ASE among Muslim students in Nigeria are scarce. This study employed a correlation survey to examine the relationship between faith-based LOC and ASE among Muslim students in Nigeria. The sample comprised university undergraduates (n=124) [71 females and 53males] aged between 18 and 35 years in the federal universities in South East, Nigeria. A purposive sampling procedure was used to get the sample for the study. The researchers adopted two instruments for this study: A 20 item structured Faith-based external LOC Scale (FBLCS) adapted from Rotter (1966). The second instrument is a five-item General Academic Self Efficacy Scale (GASES) adapted from Braun et al. (2021). The instrument was used in measuring students’ ASE. The data analysis in this study was done using version 29 of IBM SPSS.  The relationship between the study variables was established using regression analysis while linear regression (t-test) and Hayes’ PROCESS were used to analyze the hypotheses. Result shows that there is a significant positive relationship between faith-based LOC and ASE among Muslim students in Nigeria. Furthermore, result also shows that there is no significant influence of gender on the relationship between faith-based LOC and ASE among Muslim students in Nigeria. It was recommended that teachers and stakeholders in Islamic Education system should strive to incorporate the faith aspect of their LOC into their curriculum for optimal development.
A rare presentation of cubital tunnel syndrome by accessory anconeus muscle
Authors: Gadiraju Balasubramanyam , Thangam Vinoth , Radhan Prabhu , Kumar Vasantha
Published: June 2024

Cubital tunnel syndrome (Cu TS) is the second most frequent upper extremity compressive neuropathy after carpal tunnel syndrome. Cu TS is idiopathic; however, it has been linked to ulnar nerve vulnerability and anconeus epitrochlearis (AE) muscle hypertrophy. Although there are few studies in the literature that reveal AE muscle as one of the causes of Cu TS, its prevalence is low. The goal of this case report is to raise awareness regarding the existence of AE muscle as a potential cause of Cu TS, as well as the imaging findings of Cu TS in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A 17-year-old male patient complained of intermittent pain in the medial aspect of the left elbow and paresthesia in the left hand. Examination revealed hyperextension of meta carpalphalangeal joints and flexion of proximal interphalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th digits, besides the sensory deficit along the ulnar border of the 5th digit. A nerve conduction study revealed non-stimulable sensory and motor components of the right ulnar nerve. MRI with T1-weighted fast spin echo, Fat sat proton density-weighted, and gradient echo T2*-weighted sequence showed AE - on the posteromedial aspect of the elbow. The ulnar nerve within the cubital tunnel appeared thickened and edematous with bright perineural fat signals with maintained fascicular architecture, secondary to compression by the anconeus muscle. This paper reviews imaging findings of ulnar neuropathy secondary to accessory anconeus muscle and explains the importance of MRI imaging for accurate diagnosis. Knowing MRI imaging is vital in the modern imaging era for accurate diagnosis.
Women in Natural Sciences (WiNS) at ETH Zurich Celebrates its 10th Anniversary – A Retrospective and Outlook
Authors: Gasser Valentina , Singh-Morgan Amrita , Lederbauer Magdalena , Azizbaig Mohajer Mercede , Komarczuk Elise
Published: June 2024

For this CHIMIA special issue on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the coincidental 10th anniversary of the association of Women in Natural Sciences (WiNS) at ETH Zurich, there is no better opportunity to share what we have achieved in the last decade. WiNS was originally founded by female PhD students and PostDocs at the Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences (D-CHAB) and has expanded to include three additional departments at ETH Zurich. Join us in celebrating our anniversary, reflecting on what we and other associations with the same mission have done to promote gender equality and reduced inequalities for all. We invite you to reflect on what yet has to be done to enact a systemic change towards achieving equal opportunities for all, rather than simply accommodating the female perspective to Switzerland’s predominantly masculine working culture.
“Falcons” — Special Musical Type of a Wedding Song from the Novgorod Region
Authors: Королькова И.В.
Published: June 2024

Песни о женихе-соколе являются одной из важных составляющих музыкального репертуара русской свадьбы. Их тематика непосредственно раскрывает ведущую функционально-смысловую линию свадебного обряда, направленную на соединение двух родов. Предварительные наблюдения, сделанные на основе анализа свадебных песен центральных и северных районов России, позволяют выдвинуть ги потезу о том, что песни с сюжетом о женихе-соколе имеют общие структурные свойства. В настоящей статье она подтверждается в ходе изучения фольклорных традиций Новгородской области и сопредельных территорий Псковской, Ленинградской, Тверской областей. Материалами исследования выступают записи, сделанные в фольклорных экспедициях Санкт-Петербургской консерватории в 1968, 1988–1992 гг. В ходе анализа новгородских свадебных песен о женихе-соколе устанавливается принадлежность их одному песенному типу. Выделены общие признаки напевов: 7-сложная тоническая основа стиха, ритмический тип с контрастным соотношением двух строк, принцип сочетания парных и троичных ритмических ячеек. Несмотря на то, что напев является политекстовым, поэтический текст «Соколы вы, соколы» выступает обязательным спутником данной музыкальной формы. Все остальные тексты объединяются общей смысловой идеей, раскрывающей различные грани взаимодействия жениха и невесты в ходе свадебного обряда. В статье рассматривается распространение двух локальных версий песенного типа «Соколы», выявленных на территории Новгородской области.

“Falcons” represent a specific group of wedding songs in Russian folk traditions related to the groom-falcon. Their themes directly reveal the leading functional and semantic line of the wedding ceremony and are aimed at connecting the bride,s family and the groom,s family. Preliminary observations made on the basis of the analysis of wedding songs of the central and northern regions of Russia allow us to hypothesize that songs concerning “Falcons” have common structural properties. In this article, it is confirmed based on the study of folklore traditions of the Novgorod region and adjacent territories of the Pskov, Leningrad, Tver regions. The research materials were recorded in folklore expeditions of the St. Petersburg Conservatory in 1968, 1988–1992. A structural analysis of Novgorod wedding songs has shown that the tune associated with the story of the groom-falcon is polytextual. It combines texts commenting on the crucial stages of the ceremony (the moving of the wedding train, the blessing of the bride and groom, the beginning of the feast). The tunes have common features, such as: tonic basis of the verse, 7 syllables per line, contrast between two rhythmic periods, combination of binary and ternary pulsation. Two local versions of the “Falcons” were identified in the Novgorod region. The south-western version goes beyond the Novgorod region and connects it with the Tver and Pskov regions. The north-eastern version has a more compact area, and probably developed precisely in the Novgorod territories.
Moisey Beregovsky: The Heritage of Jewish Music Folklore Collector and Researcher
Authors: Найдич Л.Э.
Published: June 2024

В рецензии представлен обзор Биобиблиографического указателя, посвященного жизни и трудам Моисея Береговского (1892–1961), в котором содержится обширная информация о выдающемся исследователе и собирателе еврейской народной музыки. Его собрание идишских песен, клезмерских мелодий, хасидских нигунов и музыкальных театральных представлений (известных как пуримшпили) в большой степени способствовало сохранению и исследованию еврейской традиционной музыкальной культуры. Береговский разработал также методологию описания ашкеназской музыкальной традиции в рамках европейской теории музыки. Многие труды Береговского оставались неопубликованными при его жизни, так как сам объект его исследования (еврейская культура) был «нежелательным» и чуть ли не запретным в Советском Союзе во времена Сталина, а позже и Хрущева. Они стали выходить в свет с начала 1980-х гг., вызывая подъем интереса к еврейской народной музыке и к личности ее собирателя. Указатель включает в себя аннотированный список трудов Береговского (как изанных, так и неизданных), а также работ других авторов, касающихся его жизни и  научного наследия. Несомненно, данное издание станет важным вкладом в изучение еврейской народной музыки и в этномузыкологию в целом. Публикация двуязычна: текст изложен на русском и английском языках, что расширяет круг ее читателей.

The review provides the Biobibliographic Index devoted to the life and work of Moisey Beregovsky (1892–1961). It is a comprehensive source of information on this outtanding researcher and collector of Jewish folk music. His collection of Yiddish songs and klezmer tunes, Hasidic nigunim and musical performances (known as purimshpils) has greatly contributed to preservation and study of Jewish traditional music culture. Besides, Beregovsky developed a methodological approach to describing the Ashkenazi music tradition within the framework of European music theory. Many writings by Beregovsky were unpublished during his life because their topic (Jewish culture) was undesirable, practically tabooed, in the USSR at the time of Stalin and later of Khrushchev. They were issued one after another since the late 1980s, causing an upsurge in the interest in Jewish folk music and in the personality of its collector. The Index contains annotated list of Beregovsky’s writings (both published and unpub lished), as well as of other authors’ works concerning his life and scholarly heritage. No doubt the reviewed Index is an important contribution to the research of Jewish folk music and to the ethnomusicology as a whole. The publication is bilingual: in Russian and English, which expands its readership.
Profil Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Wanita Obesitas Setelah Olahraga Dengan Kombinasi Puasa
Authors: Alfindo Bernadito Wildan , Sugiharto Sugiharto , Merawati Desiana
Published: June 2024

Peningkatan pengeluaran energi expeditur dengan olahraga dan kombinasi puasa diyakini dapat memaksimalkan pengeluaran kalori dan meningkatkan kadar BDNF, oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan perubahan profil BDNF wanita obesitas yang disebabkan oleh olahraga dengan kombinasi puasa. Penelitian ini melibatkan 16 perempuan obesitas sebagai subyek penelitian, kemudian, subjek dibagi  menjadi 2 kelompok : kelompok kontrol (K1; n = 8) dan kelompok kombinasi olahraga dan puasa (K2; n = 8). Olahraga aerobik dengan menggunakan treadmill selama 40 menit, intensitas sedang, sedangkan puasa dilakukan dengan puasa intermittent : puasa yang dilakukan 16 jam, dilanjutkan dengan tidak berpuasa selama 8 jam. Kombinasi olahraga dengan puasa dilakukan selama 2 minggu. Pengambilan sampel darah untuk mengukur kadar BDNF diambil dari vena cubiti sebanyak 4 mL, yang dilakukan sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Analisis data mengunakan paired sample t test dengan tingkat signifikan 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Peningkatan kadar BDNF antara kelompok perlakuan dengan kontrol (p ≤ 0,05). Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan olahraga aerobik dengan selama berpuasa intermittent meningkatkan kadar BDNF dan menghambat laju energi yang masuk pada wanita obesitas. Olahraga aerobik dengan kombinasi puasa dapat menjadi program yang disarankan untuk meningkatkan kadar BDNF dan pengurangan massa lemak akibat puasa yang berpengaruh terhadap metabolisme pada wanita obesitas.
Carbamoylation of azaarenes and olefins with formamides through dual photoredox/HAT catalysis
Authors: Martos Mario , Quevedo-Flores Beatriz , Laze Loris , Bosque Irene , Gonzalez-Gomez Jose C.
Published: June 2024

Among the different methods to synthesize amides, radical amidation of suitable acceptors is appealing. In this context, we have developed a methodology for the photoinduced Minisci and Giese carbamoylation with readily available formamides. This approach avoids using less atom-efficient carbamoyl precursors (e.g., oxamic acids) and sacrificial oxidants, relying on dual photoredox/hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalysis.
Efficient and scalable H2S treated nickel foam electrocatalyst for alkaline water electrolysis under industrial conditions
Authors: Olesen Soffi , W. Jensen Anders , Kløve Magnus , Fenini Filippo , Nissen Jesper , Iversen Bo , Bentien Anders , Pleth Nielsen Lars
Published: June 2024

Development of facile synthesis methods for efficient electrocatalysts plays a crucial role in improving the overall efficiency of alkaline water electrolysis. Here we explore a synthesis route using H2S gas to enhance the efficiency of nickel foam electrocatalysts. A uniform film consisting of distinctive nanostructures was successfully grown on the surface of nickel foam by sulfiding at 95-145 °C in 3 % H2S/Ar for 1-17 hours. Electrochemical performance tests under industrial relevant conditions with 30 wt% KOH at 85 °C tested at 200-500 mA cm-2 for up to two weeks, showed a reduction in cell voltage up to 0.4 V for modified electrodes, corresponding to 18% higher efficiency for overall water splitting, as compared to pristine nickel foam. Surface area analysis showed a 30-fold increase of the surface area following H2S treatment. Structural and compositional analyses of the modified nickel foam electrodes were conducted using X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Rays (EDX) analysis and synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The analysis revealed the presence of Ni3S2 with a film thickness of 1-4 μm after H2S treatment. Extended reaction times showed continuous reaction and the emergence of NiS. All analyses were performed before and after alkaline water electrolysis. Post-electrolysis characterizations indicated either the absence or minimal presence of sulfur. This suggests that the enhanced performance is likely not attributed to sulfur catalytic activity but rather to alterations in the surface morphology of the nickel foam.
A broken network of susceptibility genes in the monocytes of Crohn’s disease patients
Authors: Liu Hankui , Guan Liping , Su Xi , Zhao Lijian , Shu Qing , Zhang Jianguo
Published: June 2024

Genome-wide association studies have identified over 200 genetic loci associated with inflammatory bowel disease; however, the mechanism of such a large amount of susceptibility genes remains uncertain. In this study, we integrated bioinformatics analysis and two independent single-cell transcriptome datasets to investigate the expression network of 232 susceptibility genes in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients and healthy controls. The study revealed that most of the susceptibility genes are specifically and strictly expressed in the monocytes of the human intestinal tract. The susceptibility genes established a network within the monocytes of health control. The robustness of a gene network may prevent disease onset that is influenced by the genetic and environmental alteration in the expression of susceptibility genes. In contrast, we showed a sparse network in pediatric/adult CD patients, suggesting the broken network contributed to the CD etiology. The network status of susceptibility genes at the single-cell level of monocytes provided novel insight into the etiology.
Structure of the human systemic RNAi defective transmembrane protein 1 (hSIDT1) reveals the conformational flexibility of its lipid binding domain
Authors: Navratna Vikas , Kumar Arvind , Rana Jaimin K , Mosalaganti Shyamal
Published: June 2024

InCaenorhabditis elegans, inter-cellular transport of the small non-coding RNA causing systemic RNAi is mediated by the transmembrane protein SID1, encoded by thesid1gene in the systemic RNAi defective (sid) loci. SID1 shares structural and sequence similarity with cholesterol uptake protein 1 (CHUP1) and is classified as a member of the ChUP family. Although systemic RNAi is not an evolutionarily conserved process, thesidgene products are found across the animal kingdom, suggesting the existence of other novel gene regulatory mechanisms mediated by small non-coding RNAs. Human homologs ofsidgene products—hSIDT1 and hSIDT2—mediate contact-dependent lipophilic small non-coding dsRNA transport. Here, we report the structure of recombinant human SIDT1. We find that the extra-cytosolic domain of hSIDT1 adopts a double jelly roll fold, and the transmembrane domain exists as two modules—a flexible lipid binding domain and a rigid transmembrane domain core. Our structural analyses provide insights into the inherent conformational dynamics within the lipid binding domain in ChUP family members.
Training load and players’ readiness monitoring methods used in volleyball
Authors: Vavassori Roberto , Arroyo M. Perla Moreno , Ureña Espa Aurelio
Published: June 2024

Monitoring workloads during training and competition and players’ readiness seems to be key to increasing performance, reducing injury incidence and avoiding overtraining. We systematically reviewed the methods used to measure workloads and athletes’ readiness in volleyball to help coaches make the best decision when selecting monitoring methods. Databases Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and PubMed were searched from inception to the 21st of February 2022. All peer-reviewed original research in English, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian, longitudinally monitoring loads and athlete readiness in indoor volleyball team settings of any level, gender and age were included. The quality of evidence was evaluated with a modified risk of bias assessment used in previous research by Castellano et al. (2014). This study has been registered in PROSPERO ID CRD42022316313. Out of 1774 records identified, 78 were screened of which 55 full texts were added for systematic review. For internal workload, the session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) seems to be the “golden standard” used from 2010 to 2022 across all the studies. External workload has mainly been researched through quantified jumps. Even with technological advances and the introduction of microsensors in 2017, the use of video analysis is still present nowadays. Players’ readiness studies mainly used the total quality recovery scale (TQR) and wellness questionnaires in most research. New technological advances offer coaches more extensive and real-time data on external load. However, the use of the sRPE, TQR/WB, CMJ would create a monitoring system sufficient for teams at developmental stages and of a reduced cost.
Pacing strategies in men’s and women’s world-record marathon performances and Olympic Games and World Championship’s winning performances
Authors: Casado Arturo , Ranieri Luis E. , Díaz José J. , Hanley Brian , Foster Carl
Published: June 2024

The aims of this study were to compare marathon pacing profiles between major championships winning races and world record (WR) races in men’s and women’s long-distance runners. Percentages of mean race speeds (%RS) for each 5 km section and last 2,195 m were compared between the latest 12 men’s and 8 women’s marathon WRs and most recent 14 men’s and 14 women’s performances leading to either World Championship or Olympic Games (championships) gold medals, and between sexes in championships, through analysis of variance. Additionally, coefficient of variation in pace (%CV) was compared through independent samples t-tests. %RS during the first 5 km was greater in WRs than championships in men (p = 0.010, d = 1.07), with a subsequent even pacing profile. More negative pacing profiles were adopted in championships than WRs in men (p < 0.001, d = 2.07). Women’s WR and championship performances were characterized by even and negative pacing profiles, with different %CV (p < 0.001, d = 1.89). Whereas marathon WRs are characterized by fast, even and sustained paces, slower paces and more negative pacing approaches with fast endspurts are adopted during winning major championship performances. These fast endspurts are specially used by women in championships.behavior, competition, endurance, running, tactics
Effects of short
and long inter-set rest on maximal isokinetic strength at slow and fast angular
velocities in trained young males after eight weeks of resistance training
Authors: Vuk Saša , Damjan Bruno , Ivanković Marija
Published: June 2024

Resistance training is a widely used method to enhance muscle strength, with acute program variables influencing muscle adaptations. This study focused on the often-neglected variable of inter-set rest interval duration and its impact on muscle strength gains. Existing literature presents conflicting findings, with some studies advocating for longer rest intervals, while the others show comparable strength increases with shorter rests. Methodological differences in prescription and sample groups contributed to these inconsistencies. This study investigated the effect of short and long inter-set rests on maximal isokinetic strength gains of the upper and lower extremities during slow and fast angular velocities after eight weeks of resistance training. The research involved 26 healthy strength-trained males (age=20±1 year, body mass=81.5±8.8 kg, body height=184.4±6.1 cm) randomly assigned to G1m (1-minute rest) or G3m (3-minute rest). The resistance training programs were matched for all acute program variables, emphasizing the rest interval as the primary difference. Isokinetic dynamometry pre- and post-training assessed knee and elbow extensor and flexor maximal strength at 60º/s and 120º/s. The training program consisted of seven exercises performed at 70% 1RM until muscle failure three times per week over eight weeks. The most important result was that G3m, in contrast to G1m, led to a higher increase in peak torque of the knee (p=.037) and elbow extensors (p=.007) as well as the elbow flexors (p=.045) at 60º/s. Furthermore, G3m and G1m similarly increased the peak torque of the knee and elbow extensors and flexors at 120º/s and of the knee flexors at 60º/s (p>.138). In conclusion, the study suggests that strength training with longer inter-set rest intervals may lead to similar strength gains as strength training with shorter inter-set rest intervals. Nonetheless, individuals who prioritize maximizing their strength gains are advised to utilize longer rest intervals. However, shorter rest intervals may still yield significant strength enhancements, particularly for those who are limited by time.
Analysis of the Effect of Interlocking Intramedullary Nail Fixation on Treating Bone Nonunion After Extremity Trauma Fracture
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Li Feng
Published: June 2024

Objective: To analyze the effect of interlocking intramedullary nail fixation on treating bone nonunion after extremity trauma fracture. Methods: 80 patients with bone nonunion after extremity trauma fracture were selected and divided into two groups according to different treatment methods, each group having 40 cases. The control group performed compression plate fixation, and the observation group performed interlocking intramedullary nail fixation. A comparison of surgical indexes, bone metabolism indexes, and surgical effects was done. Results: The observation group had shorter operation time and postoperative hospitalization time, the levels of various bone metabolism indexes were higher than those of the control group one month after operation, and the total effective rate of the operation was higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Interlocking intramedullary nail fixation is more effective in the treatment of post-traumatic fracture of the extremities with bone nonunion.
Comparison of the Clinical Outcomes of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty Using Different Surgical Approaches and Bone Cement Distribution
Authors: Zhou Xiaofeng , Gao Xianda , Liu Qingtao , Xu Xingzhu , Zhang Di , Liu Xibin
Published: June 2024

Objective: To compare clinical outcomes of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) through different surgical approaches and bone cement distribution in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). Methods: The clinical data of 231 patients with OVCF who underwent PVP from June 2020 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical characteristics and surgical data were collected for statistical analysis. The total patients were divided into a unilateral approach group (Group UA) and a bilateral approach group (Group BA) according to different surgical approaches. Then, patients in Group BA were divided into a continuous bone cement group (Group CBC) and a discontinuous bone cement group (Group DBC) according to the distribution of bone cement. Results: In each group, the postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI) score were significantly decreased (P < 0.001). The operation time and fluoroscopy times of Group UA were less than those of Group BA (P < 0.001). However, compared with Group BA, Group UA had a lower mean VAS score (P = 0.013) and ODI score (P = 0.004) at the last follow-up. The VAS (P = 0.032) and ODI (P = 0.024) scores in the CBC group were significantly lower than those in the DBC group at the last follow-up. Conclusions: Unilateral PVP presented several advantages over bilateral PVP, particularly in terms of shorter surgery time, less fluoroscopy frequency, and less trauma. Continuous bone cement was closely related to good clinical outcomes. In clinical practice, we suggest unilateral PVP is performed for patients and ensure the continuity of bone cement for better clinical outcomes.