bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unilateral Nevoid Acanthosis Nigricans on the Back: A Case Report
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Ardakani Mohammad , Ghanei Narges , Shafihosseini Mitra
Published: November 2019

Unilateral Nevoid Acanthosis Nigricans (UNAN) is a rare, benign, autosomal dominant form of Acanthosis Nigricans (AN), which is a disorder of keratinization. Unlike AN, the lesions of UNAN are distributed unilaterally while the histopathological findings are similar to the common form of AN. The first description of UNAN was given by Krishnaram in 1991, and following that report, very few cases have been reported. Herein, we present another case of UNAN localized over the back, in a young adult female.
© 2019 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Acta Med Iran 2019;57(5):335-337.
Validación colombiana de la escala FACT-B para medir la calidad de vida de pacientes con cáncer de mama
Authors: Sánchez-Pedraza Ricardo , Sierra-Matamoros Fabio Alexander , López-Daza David Fernando
Published: November 2019

Objetivo: evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española de la escala FACT-B en pacientes colombianas con cáncer de mama.Materiales y métodos: una muestra de 198 pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama completaron los cuestionarios FACT-B y EORTC-QLQ -BR23. Dentro de esta muestra, 37 pacientes fueron reevaluadas dos semanas después de la primera evaluación, con el fin de determinar la confiabilidad test-retest del cuestionario; y 50 pacientes un mes después del tratamiento quirúrgico para evaluar la sensibilidad al cambio. Como métodos estadísticos fueron utilizados: análisis factorial, modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, coeficientes de correlación (Pearson y Lin), alfa de Cronbach y Anova.Resultados: fueron identificados cinco factores en el análisis factorial exploratorio. El análisis factorial confirmatorio sugiere un pobre ajuste de la estructura original en esta muestra. El análisis de correlación entre el FACT-B y EORTC-QLQ-BR23 sugiere que estas dos escalas evalúan el mismo constructo. La consistencia interna está por encima de 0,65 para todos los dominios. Entre los cinco dominios, solo el de bienestar funcional muestra algún cambio en sus resultados luego del tratamiento quirúrgico.Conclusión: la versión española del cuestionario FACT-B utilizado en Colombia muestra una adecuada confiabilidad y detecta cambios en algunos dominios del constructo luego del tratamiento. La validez de contenido debe ser estudiada a fondo.
El acceso a la función pública en Colombia: discrecionalidad del ejecutivo y control judicial de sus decisiones
Authors: Rastrollo Suárez Juan José
Published: November 2019

El presente trabajo aborda el acceso a la función pública en Colombia y la vocación por profesionalizarla, intención que subyace en los distintos textos constitucionales desde 1886. Se analizan también, desde una perspectiva jurídica, las dificultades con las que se encuentra a la hora de materializar dicho objetivo la Comisión Nacional del Servicio Civil, órgano de creación constitucional encargado de velar por el sistema de mérito en el empleo público. En tal sentido, hacemos hincapié en la diversidad de sistemas de carrera administrativa expresamente reconocidos por la legislación, y en la pervivencia en los procesos de selección de conceptos jurídicos indeterminados, lo cual deja amplios márgenes de discrecionalidad al ejecutivo que necesariamente deben estar sometidos a control judicial.
Problemas del procedimiento de provisión de empleos públicos en Nicaragua y las consecuencias de su inaplicación
Authors: Arríen Somarriba Juan Bautista
Published: November 2019

La normativa de servicio civil y carrera administrativa nicaragüense regula el acceso a la función pública a través de un procedimiento de provisión de cargos públicos basado en diversos principios, entre los que sobresale el mérito como mecanismo competitivo de ingreso. Pese a los aciertos que representa el procedimiento, este no es ajeno a problemas que dificultan su implementación. La presente investigación no solo busca identificar las falencias actuales en el sistema de carrera, sino que además estudia los efectos que la no aplicación de un procedimiento competitivo para la provisión, permanencia y promoción en cargos públicos tendría de cara a las exigencias derivadas de los principios de capacidad e igualdad.
La responsabilidad del Estado por el hecho de las leyes inconstitucionales: estudio comparado entre Colombia y Francia
Authors: Cifuentes Santander Marcela
Published: November 2019

El derecho de la responsabilidad del Estado es puesto a prueba con el reconocimiento de daños originados por la aplicación de una ley inconstitucional, no habiendo consenso entre jueces y doctrinantes acerca sus fundamentos. El análisis comparativo de los ordenamientos colombiano y francés permitió identificar la falla del servicio como fundamento de la responsabilidad estatal por el hecho de leyes inconstitucionales; institución que sin embargo no parece encuadrar en el régimen subjetivo tradicional de responsabilidad. Puesto que el actuar del legislador debe estar desprovisto de todo juzgamiento, nos encontramos con un régimen sui generis que se encuadra en el concepto de falla objetiva.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Seleksi Beasiswa Situbondo Unggul Menggunakan Metode Simple Additive Weighting dan Profile Matching
Authors: Qorik Moh Febri Nurul , Slamin Slamin , Pandunata Priza
Published: November 2019

This study is about the use of simple additive weighting (SAW) and profile matching methods for the construction of information systems supporting the decision selection of scholarships. The case study of this research is the selection of superior situbondo scholarships in the Education Office of Situbondo Regency. The purpose of this study was to apply the profile matching method and SAW in resolving the problem of selecting the Situbondo Superior Scholarship recipients who had 2 aspects of assessment, namely aspects of poverty and academics which made it difficult to select scholarships, this difficulty is caused by the value of the aspect of poverty must be the smaller the difference in the value of students with the value of the scholarship it will be better while the academic value must go far beyond the minimum value, the better. The profile matching method is used to calculate the value of the aspect of poverty and SAW is used to calculate the value of the academic aspects. To determine the final results of this study using the criteria for decision-making scale determined by the District Education Office of Situbondo, one of the final methods of the method is less than 30 worth not funded, one of the final method values less than 60 is considered to be funded. The development of information systems supporting superior decision making for the Situbondo scholarship using the profile matching and simple additive weighting methods using a website-based system with system design using the SDLC waterfall model, implementation of the system using the laravel framework and program code using the hypertext pre-processor programming language (PHP ), while for managing the database using MySQL DBMS and system testing using black box and white box ( testing unit). The results of this research method of profile matching and simple additive weighting can be applied properly in a superior situbondo scholarship decision support system.
Evaluasi Kesuksesan Web Desa Pada Kecamatan Maesan Menggunakan Information System Success Model (ISSM)
Authors: Juwita Oktalia , Elfada Vian , Pandunata Priza
Published: November 2019

Web Desa adalah situs berbasis online yang di dalamnya terdapat informasi seputar desa yang dioperasikan oleh PPID (Petugas Pengelola Informasi Desa). Saat ini PPID di Kecamatan Maesan jarang melakukan update informasi setiap harinya. Hal itu disebabkan karena PPID kebanyakan belum bisa untuk melakukan posting dan kesulitan untuk membuat beritanya. Penelitian ini akan mengevaluasi Web Desa dengan menggunakan metode Information System Success Model (ISSM). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat kesuksesan dari Web Desa. Data yang digunakan yaitu 61 responden yang terdiri dari PPID dari setiap desa. Penelitian ini menggunakan aplikasi GeSCA untuk uji hipotesisnya dan SPSS untuk uji validitas dan reliabelitasnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan jika variabel Use berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel Net Benefits dan Net Benefits berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Use.
The Development Strategies on Batik Creative Industry as an Enthralling Sector for Cultural Tourism in Bondowoso Regency, East Java
Authors: Wathon Syubbanul , Senjarini Kartika , Oktarianti Rike
Published: November 2019

Bondowoso Regency has great potential to evolve into the centers of the batik creative industry. But, there are still no batik products that show the uniqueness of Bondowoso Regency. Several community groups in Suling Wetan Village, Cermee Subdistrict, Bondowoso Regency, have been running a business as batik artisans since 2015. The community groups have had the basic skill to produce batik. Unfortunately, they still don't give any impact on the growth of the cultural tourism destinations in Bondowoso. The old batik designs do not attract buyers, has limited color combinations, and only rely on synthetic batik dyes. Through the partnership service program that have been implemented, some of the Batik community business can develop their products. This partnership service program is done by several activities, such as socialization; workshops on batik design and the use of natural dyes; training on natural materials and batik coloring; procurement of gawangan machines, pendulum and accessories; training and mentoring techniques for making interesting batik motifs and coloring using natural dyes; and the dialogue to develop the creative batik industry. The results of this program are developing not only the Suling Wetan Village but also make the Batik community business in Cermee Subdistrict, independently growth as a creative batik industry. This improvement is also captivating the cultural tourism in Bondowoso Regency.
Pembentukan Pos UKK Industri Pembuatan Brem di Desa Kalibaru Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mejayan Madiun
Authors: Aziz Ayu Munawaroh
Published: November 2019

Kegiatan pembentukan pos UKK dilakukan pada saat menempuh internship di Madiun. Kegiatan ini dilakukan sebagai bentuk dukungan dan aktualisasi dari peraturan menteri kesehatan mengenai pos kesehatan bagi pekerja sekto informal. Kegiatan di lakukan di desa kaliabu mejayan madiun karena merupakan salah satu sentra industri pembuatan brem dan sektor informal lainnya. Kegiatan dilakukan mulai dari tahap survei identifikasi masalah kesehatan kerja, penyuluhan, pengobatan dasar dan evaluasi hasil kegiatan. Berkat kerjasama lintas sektoral yang telah dilakukan , telah terbentuk Pos UKK percontohan untuk masyarakat pekerja di sektor informal desa Kaliabu . Program pembentukan Pos UKK ini cukup berhasil dilihat dari antusiasnya pekerja dalam mengikuti kegiatan Pos UKK dan berubahnya perilaku pekerja dalam keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja.
Efektivitas Pupuk Organik pada Tumpangsari Kedelai dengan Jagung untuk Mengurangi Penggunaan Pupuk N, P dan K
Authors: Oktanika Evi , Supriyono Supriyono , Suwarto Suwarto
Published: November 2019

Soybean is one of the commodity with high market demand. Soybean production process is limited by the lack of land. One of the efforts to improve the usefullness of land and production of soybean is an intercropping method between soybean and corn. Intercropping that over using chemical fertilizers have impact negatively on the land. Therefore, utilization of organic fertilizer to reduce the chemical fertilizer is necessary to prevent the damage of the land. This study aimed to examine the utilization of organic fertilizer to replace a part of chemical fertilizer. This study was conducted at the Center for Dryland Research Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Jumantono, Karanganyar started on February until May 2013. The experiment was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with one factor fertilization consists of 6 levels, one control and two comparators monoculture. The results showed that application of organic fertilizer 800 kg ha-1, Urea 125 kg ha-1, SP-36 83.33 kg ha-1 and KCl 83.33 kg ha-1 with the highest yield for soybean 1.52 tons ha-1 and corn 1.25 tons ha-1 is optimal balance dosage of organic and inorganic fertilizers to soybean-corn intercropping. The treatment did not significantly different with inorganic fertilizer intercropping experiment. The research treatment showed that N, P and K fertilizer can’t be reduce by organic fertilizers.
Penggunaan Boron untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan, Hasil, dan Kandungan Minyak Kacang Tanah
Authors: Darsana Linayanti , Pardono Pardono , Sugianto Hermawan
Published: November 2019

Ground nut (Arachis hypogaea) is a seasonal crop that have been cultured in many place as for interspace crop or as monoculture crop. Though the demand of ground nut is high, its yield productivity not optimal and still considerate as moderate. Therefore, a new treatment is needed. Boron is one of essensial nutrition for plant that rarely used when planting, although boron have many function including to increase plant productivity. This research is purposed to see about boron influence in the ground nut productivity and fat contain on it. The result of the research showed boron can increase the flowering time of ground nut. The result of ground nut productivity not shown any significant differences, but inclined to had increased productivity up to 20% than control in 5 mg B2O3 dosage and keep decreasing as the boron dosage increased. Boron also have real influence in increasing the ground nut seed quality with the increased of gound nut weight, and the calculation of fat contain in ground nut that also increased as the boron dosage increased.
Uji Daya Hasil Padi Hibrida 1683, 1606 dan 358 pada Jarak Tanam yang Berbeda
Authors: Samanhudi Samanhudi , Pujiasmanto Bambang , Yunus Ahmad , Harfiansyah Hadiandra
Published: November 2019

Rice is the main commodity food support in Indonesian society. As a country with a large population, there are challenges to improve the efficiency and optimizing the utilization of land resources. The purpose of this study is to determine the use of lines were superior and spacing are effective in increasing productivity. The research was conducted at the experimental land Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, Mojolaban, Sukoharjo. The research using Randomized Completely Block Design. The first factor is the lines, local lines Inpari 10, hybrid rice lines Tiongkok 1683, 1606, and 358. The second factor is the plant spacing, 18 cm x 18 cm, 22 cm x 22 cm, and 26 cm x 26 cm. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and if there is a significant followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test at 5% level. Hybrid rice lines 358 and spacing of 26 cm x 26 cm is a combination of treatments that have a higher level of productivity is 5.86 ton/ha.
Pemetaan Status Kerusakan Tanah Lahan Pertanian di Kecamatan Selo, Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Syahidah Kholishotu , Sumarno Sumarno , Hartati Sri
Published: November 2019

Intensively land use for biomass production without applying sustainable and sustained plant farming technique in District Selo potentially causes soil damage. Determination of soil potential damage and soil damage status has been set by the central government through Government Regulation No. 150 year 2000 on Soil Damage Control for Biomass Production. The research method used was a descriptive survey with a stage-setting soil potential damage by overlay thematic maps and the determination of the status of soil damage using matching methods and relative frequency score. Results obtained in the land area of the District Selo potentially medium damage 1,439.3 hectares and 1,988.8 hectares of high potential damage. After survey and laboratory analysis of soil samples at the site results that the Status of Soil Damage categorized light (R.I) with a score relative frequency of each 8. Total area that included minor damage divided into 3,296.97 hectares with limiting factors texture and permeability and 59.32 hectares with limiting factors permeability.
Pengaruh Abu Vulkanik Kelud dan Pupuk Kandang terhadap Ketersediaan dan Serapan Kalium pada Jagung di Tanah Alfisol
Authors: Suntoro Suntoro , Sudadi Sudadi , Widijanto Hery , Utami Galuh Novikah Widy
Published: November 2019

Kelud volcanic ash has high source of minerals, which is potassium. This study aims to determine the effect and find the best composition of Kelud volcanic ash and manure to the availability and corn uptake of potassium in the Alfisols.This research is expected to provide information on the composition of volcanic ash Kelud and proper manure for agriculture. This research was conducted in the greenhouse, in the Laboratory of Ecology and Management of Crop Production, and soil chemistry laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University in June 2014 - January 2015. Research using completely randomized design which consists of two factors, there are the thickness of Kelud volcanic ash which consists of four levels A0 (0 cm), A1 (2 cm), A2 (4 cm), and A3 (6 cm) and the dose of manure were P0 (0 ton/ha), P1 (2,5 ton/ha), and P2 (5 ton/ha). Each combination treatment was repeated 3 times. The data were then analyzed using the F test and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test Test (DMRT) level of 95%. The results showed that the interaction between the two treatments were no significant different. Availability Potassium gradually decreased with an increase in the dose of volcanic ash Kelud, allegedly because of the low value of the total potassium Kelud volcanic ash. The results of measurements of plant potassium uptake increased with increasing dose Kelud volcanic ash and manure.
Efektivitas Perendaman Serat Aren dan Endosperm Kelapa Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tomat Pada Hidroponik Substrat
Authors: Sulandjari Sulandjari , Kusniyawati Yuni
Published: November 2019

This study was conducted to determine the effect of soaking period of arenga  fibers and the addition of coconut endosperm to growth and yield of tomatoe. The observations were analyzed by using the 5% F test and if significant continued by the 5% DMRT. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized factorial design with two factors, factors substrate consists of 5 levels, fiber arenga  without soaking (S0), fiber soaking for 1 month (S1),  fiber soaking for 2 months (S2), fiber soaking for 3 months(S3),  and substrate husk as control. The second factor is a nutrient with two levels ie. AB mix nutrient (N1), AB mix nutrient plus 50% coconut endosperm (N2). The results showed that treatment of arenga fiber substrate by immersion of one month, 2 month, and 3 month not significantly influenced on all growth variable and  yield of tomato. Treatment spraying coconut endosperm with a concentration of 50% could be low variable root length, root volume and fresh weight of the plant. There was no interaction between the two factors of all the observed variables.
Resistensi Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah Terhadap Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides
Authors: Hekmawati Hekmawati , Poromarto Susilo Hambeg , Widodo Salim
Published: November 2019

Shallot is an important vegetable because it is needed for seasoning and beneficial for health. One of the problems in shallot cultivation is the decrease in productivity due to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides attack that caused anthracnose disease. The use of resistant varieties is a solution to control C. gloeosporioides which is safe and doesn't cause environmental damage. Shallot consists of many varieties, but their resistance level remains unknown. The research aimed to test the resistance of some varieties of shallots to C. gloeosporioides. Shallots varieties tested are Tajuk, Bauji, Bima Curut, Bima Rajat, Bali Lancur and Bali Karet. The research used a one-factor completely randomized design with 12 treatments and 5 replications. The results of the research showed that Tajuk, Bima Curut, Bali Lancur and Bali Karet varieties were highly susceptible due to disease severity of more than 71%, have a faster incubation period of anthracnose, high disease incidence and a significant decrease in tuber. Bauji and Bima Rajat varieties are classified as susceptible varieties due to disease severity of 64% but have a longer incubation period of anthracnose, higher number of tubers, higher fresh and dry weight of tubers and lower reduction in the number and weight of tubers.
INSTAGRAM SEBAGAIMEDIASOCIAL MOVEMENT (STUDI KASUS @MERAWATJOGJA)
Authors: Wahidah Hafidzatul
Published: November 2019

The social movement that happened was the lack of maintenance of Jogja, so that Jogja
was deemed not Jogja anymore, because the characteristic of this city had waned.
Instagram @merawatjogja is used as a medium to disseminate information based on
social movements that occur in the community, where people can interact with creators
to share information through comments on their posts and participate in social actions
carried out by this group. The method used in this research is desktiptif-qualitative
by using literature study. The results of this study, namely creators @merawatjogja,
use Instagram as a medium to disseminate information to virtual communities based
on social movements that occur in society. The virtual community in question is @
merawatjogja followers who carry out information sharing, communication between
creators and users, and participate in caring for Yogyakarta.
Keywords: @merawatjogja, instagram, virtual community, social movement.
STRATEGI KEPEMIMPINAN PERPUSTAKAAN PERGURUAN TINGGI MENGHADAPI PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
Authors: Supriyana Supriyana
Published: November 2019

Perpustakaan perguruan tinggi dihadapkan dengan berbagai tantangan seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi. Ada lima tantangan yang dihadapi oleh perpustakaan yakni hubungan antara perpustakaan dengan masyarakat kampus, penggunaan anggaran perpustakaan, menjaga pustakawan mengikuti perkembangan teknologi informasi; dan menjaga keseimbangan antara koleksi digital dan bahan cetak dan berbagai layanan yang ada di perpustakaan. Pemimpin perpustakaan perguruan tinggi dituntut untuk mempunyai visi, harus berintegritas/ kejujuran, dapat diajak untuk bekerja sama, mempunyai keterampilan kepemimpinan dan keterampilan dalam bidang manajemen serta dituntut terampil dalam berkomunikasi. Agar kepemimpinan perpustakaan dapat efektif maka diperlukan kolaborasi dengan berbagai pihak. Ledakan informasi teknologi, sumber daya dan layanan menuntut peningkatan tingkat layanan. Hal yang demikian tentunya membutuhkan pemimpin perpustakaan yang memiliki kompetensi dan pengetahuan baru yang selalu meningkatkan keahlian profesi untuk kelayakan profesi serta perlunya pengembangan keterampilan.
ANALISIS USER INTERFACE DALAM APLIKASI MOBILE LIBRARY IPUSNAS
Authors: Aisyiyah Bekti Mar’atun
Published: November 2019

This study to determine the application of the user interface in the IPusnas mobile library application. Analysis of the application of the user interface in this mobile library application uses 10 components, namely conectivity, directional, informative , interactivity, user friendliness, comprehensiveness, continuity, personalization, and internal (internal). In this article the research method uses a kaulitatif descriptive approach. Where from this study it can be concluded that the application of IPusnas makes it easy for users to search and read e-Book. This application is flexible because users can take advantage of this IPusnas application anywhere and anytime according to their wishes and this makes the IPusnas application easy to use. However, it is necessary to develop applications again to further optimize the appearance of the IPusnas application. In addition, the Perpustakaan Nasional (Perpusnas) needs to promote the Ipusnas mobile library application that has been made to the general public, so that applications can be fully utilized.
ANALISIS KRITIS TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN SELEKSI KOLEKSI FIKSI (STUDI KASUS DI PERPUSTAKAAN KANAAN GLOBAL SCHOOL JAMBI)
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTSelection Policies generally is guidelines for library that contains the design and activities that will be increase quality and quantity of collections. This written activity has capability to guide library vision, mission, and goal. He purpose of this research are to review selection process of fiction collection, selection authority, and selection principle in Kanaan Global School Jambi Library. This research using case study approach and research data obtained from interviews and documentation. The result shows: (a) on selection process, selection plot already on point but there is no written policy; the librarian also have know how to use selection tools such as publisher catalogue and bookstore website (b) dualism of authority in fiction book selection policy were librarian and chief director. Librarian just as Indonesian fiction collection selector and the chief director as foreign language fiction collection. (c) Principle differences on fiction collection, librarian more focus on collection popularity and the chief director more focus on quality and vision mission and curriculum relevance.
Update on Mentorship in Orthopaedic Resident Education
Authors: Hart Robert A. , Eltorai Adam E.M. , Yanney Katherine , Marsh J. Lawrence , Mulcahey Mary K. , Daniels Alan H.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Mentorship has been identified as an important element of educational and professional development for surgeons. An assessment that was conducted and reported through the American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) in 2008 showed variability among U.S. residencies regarding the structure and requirements for mentorship during orthopaedic training; the assessment also demonstrated variability in residents’ satisfaction with mentorship opportunities during their surgical training.

Methods:

An updated survey was developed and distributed via e-mail to residents attending the Resident Leadership Forum at the 2015 American Orthopaedic Association Annual Meeting to determine their views regarding the importance of mentorship, as well as their assessments of formal mentorship programs within their residencies. The updated data were compared with the prior survey results from 2008.

Results:

A total of 149 (87.6%) of 170 residents responded to the survey. Of these, 34.9% (51 of 146) reported the existence of a formal mentorship program within their residency, as compared with 26.0% of residencies as stated in the 2008 report. One hundred percent of residents indicated that having a mentor during orthopaedic residency was either critical (63.7%, 93 of 146) or advantageous (36.3%, 53 of 146) to professional development as a surgeon; 74.7% (109 of 146) of residents reported currently having mentors, which appears to represent an increase from the prior report (51%, 258 of 506). However, the percentage of residents who reported being “very” satisfied (17.9%, 25 of 140) or “somewhat” satisfied (43.6%, 61 of 140) with their mentorship opportunities was almost identical to the prior report (61.9% [86 of 139] versus 61.0%, respectively). Overall, residents from programs with formal mentorship programs in place reported significantly higher satisfaction with their mentoring program/environment compared with those from programs without formal mentorship programs in place (3.98 versus 3.54, p = 0.026).

Conclusions:

Orthopaedic residents continue to overwhelmingly indicate that mentorship is an important component of residency education: 34.9% of residencies have a formal mentorship program, compared with 26.0% in the prior survey. Additionally, 74.7% of current residents reported having a mentor compared with 51% of residents in the prior study. Despite this difference, a very similar percentage of residents indicated that they were either “very” or “somewhat” satisfied with their mentorship experience. Residents from programs with formal mentorship programs reported significantly higher satisfaction with their mentorship programs compared with those without formal programs. These results support continued efforts toward improving mentorship opportunities within U.S. orthopaedic residency programs.
TEACHER CHARACTERISTICS THAT INFLUENCE DEVELOPMENT OF ORAL LANGUAGE SKILLS AMONG PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Okelo Kenneth Odhiambo
Published: November 2019

This article presents the findings from our investigation of teachers’ characteristics that influence development of oral language skills among pre-primary pupils. The study was conducted in 83 schools in Kibra Sub-County, Kenya. Questionnaires and observation schedules were used to collect data. Data was analysed using SPSS. The main findings of the study indicate that teaching strategies that were mostly used by pre-primary school teachers were code-switching, examples, repetition, substitution and explanation. On the other hand, questions, direction, expansion of children words and contrast were the least used teaching strategies when teaching oral language skills. The study revealed that the there is a slight correlation between the type of training teachers received and the teaching strategies they used as most of the DICECE (District Centres for Early Childhood Education, Kenya) trained teachers used more teaching strategies when teaching oral skills compared to non-DICECE teachers. The findings also revealed that there was some correlation between teacher’s academic qualifications and their use of a few teaching strategies. There was also some correlation between teaching experience and the use of a few teaching strategies. Since the strategies used by pre-primary school teachers under the study were less than half of the recommended teaching strategies to promote oral skills, the study recommends that teachers should be encouraged to use more in structural strategies to improve children’s oral language skills.
Core Self-Evaluations among Prisoners on Formal and Vocational Training in Uganda’s Luzira Prison
Authors: Irene Aheisibwe , Kobusingye Loyce Kiiza
Published: November 2019

The study examined the core self-evaluations of prisoners on formal and vocational education in Luzira Prison in Uganda. A cross-sectional survey design using a quantitative approach with.800 participants selected purposively was used. Core self-evaluations were measured using Judge, Erez, Bono and Thoresen’s scale, while data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc test.  The study yielded statistically significant variations among education levels, (F [4, 795] =3.18, p <.05) where a post hoc test revealed significant difference between Degree holders (M = 2.86, SD = .27), on the one hand, and  O’Level (M = 3.00, SD = .29), A ‘level (M = 3.039, SD   = .32) and Diploma (M = 3.00, SD = .29) level students, on the other. The study demonstrates the significance of core self-evaluation to the life prospects of the prison inmate and recommends that prisoners' core self-evaluations be nurtured. It supports studies that correlate core self-evaluations to ultimate reduction in prison congestion and government expenditure.
An Assessment of Ghana’s Enacted Kindergarten Curriculum
Authors: Sofo Seidu , Asola Eugene F. , Ocansey Reginald
Published: November 2019

Drawing on the policy enactment theory, the present study assessed the enacted kindergarten (KG) curriculum in Ghana. Participants were 101 kindergarten teachers in one district of the Upper West Region of Ghana. They completed the Kindergarten Enacted Curriculum Scale (KECS) once. The KECS included 13 items (KG1) and 17 items (KG2) that assessed the extent to which participants taught content in four subscales: literacy and numeracy (LN), psychosocial skills (PS), environmental studies (ES), and physical development (PD). Participants responded to items on a 4-point Likert scale as major focus (scored 3), minor focus (scored 2), touched on briefly (scored 1), and not taught (scored 0). Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed for the entire scale and for each subscale. Results indicated that most participants focused on the LN and ES subscales; with the most neglected content areas being the PS and PD subscales. Most KG1 teachers focused on LN (Listening/Speaking—97.7%), with the lowest percentage in PS (Getting Along/Others— 25.0%) and PD (Physical Exercise—29.5%). Similarly, KG2 teachers focused on ES (Healthy Individual-93.0%), and the lowest percentage in PS (Knowing/Living with Others–39.3%) and PD (Spatial Awareness—42.1%). PS was positively correlated with PD, ES, and KECS. Inferential tests revealed gender differences for the PD subscale. Data indicated grade level differences in teaching LN and PD. These findings suggest that kindergarten teachers in this study continued to focus on academics (LN and ES), despite the emphasis of the KG curriculum being on the holistic development of the young child.

 Keywords: Assessment, curriculum, kindergarten, Ghana, teachers
Australian employer perceptions of unprofessional social media behaviour and its impact on graduate employability
Authors: Sutherland Karen , Freberg Karen , Driver Christina
Published: November 2019

Social media has become a tool used for the process of employee recruitment in a range of industries. The technology is utilised by job candidates and by employers and job-recruiters to screen and source suitable staff for their organisations. Research has investigated issues relating to ethics, privacy and accuracy regarding employers’ use of social media to screen prospective employees. Yet, limited research has been conducted to investigate employer perceptions of prospective/current employees’ unprofessional social media behavior. Our study involved a survey of 396 Australia employers from a range of industries to explore the influence of job-candidates’ social media presence on employer decision-making and the most unprofessional social media behaviors according to employers. Our investigation found 82% of employers are influenced by a job candidate’s social media presence and using social media to intentionally cause harm to others was perceived by employers as the most unprofessional social media behavior. The findings from this study will assist educators in guiding university students and graduates to meet industry expectations as professionals and provide scholars with new knowledge as to what is deemed to be unacceptable behavior in a professional context at this point in the evolution of social media.
The study of Wilson Disease in pregnancy management
Authors: Yu Xu-En , Pan Min , Han Yong-Zhu , Yang Ren-Min , Wang Juan , Gao Shan
Published: November 2019

Background: Pregnancy management in women with Wilson disease (WD) remains an important clinical problem. This research was conducted to investigate how to avoid worsening of WD symptoms during pregnancy and increase pregnancy success in women with WD by identifying the best pregnancy management approaches in these patients. Methods: The clinical data of 117 pregnancies among 75 women with WD were retrospectively analyzed. Related information of the fetus was also recorded and analyzed. At the same time, regression analysis was performed for data of 22 pregnant women without WD, as normal controls. Results: Of a total of 117 pregnancies among the 75 women with WD and 31 pregnancies among the 22control womenincluded in this study, there were 108 successful pregnancies and 9 spontaneous abortions. Among the 108 successful pregnancies, 97 women a history of copper chelation therapy before pregnancy; all 97 women stopped anti-copper therapy during pregnancy. The nine women with spontaneous abortion had no pre-pregnancy history of copper displacement therapy. The incidence of lower limb edema was higher in the WD group than in normal controls (P=0.036). Compared with the control group, there was a higher proportion in the WD group of male infants (P=0.022) and lower average infant birth weight (t=3.514, P=0.001). Conclusion: It is relatively safe for women with WD patients to become pregnant. The best management method for pregnancy in women with WD may be intensive pre-pregnancy copper chelation therapy and no anti-copper treatment during pregnancy.
Associations between echocardiographic manifestations and bacterial species in patients with infective endocarditis: a cohort study
Authors: Damlin Anna , Westling Katarina , Maret Eva , Lundborg Cecilia Stålsby , Caidahl Kenneth , Eriksson Maria J
Published: November 2019

Background The diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) is based on microbiological analyses and diagnostic imaging of cardiac manifestations. Echocardiography (ECHO) is preferred for visualization of IE-induced cardiac manifestations. We investigated associations between bacterial infections and IE manifestations diagnosed by ECHO. Methods In this cohort study, data from patients aged 18 years or above, with definite IE admitted at the Karolinska University Hospital between 2008 and 2017 were obtained from Swedish National Registry of Endocarditis. Bacteria registered as pathogen were primarily selected from positive blood culture and for patients with negative blood culture, bacteria found in culture or PCR from postoperative material was registered as pathogen. Patients with negative results from culture or PCR, and patients who did not undergo ECHO during hospital stay, were excluded. IE manifestations diagnosed by ECHO were obtained from the registry. Chi-squared test and two-sided Fisher’s exact test was used for comparisons between categorical variables, and student’s t test was used for continuous numerical variables. Multivariable analyses were performed using logistic regression. Secular trend analyses were performed using linear regression. Associations and the strength between the variables were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results The most common bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (n = 239, 49%) and viridans group streptococci (n = 102, 21%). The most common manifestations were vegetation in the mitral (n = 195, 40%), aortic (n = 190, 39%), and tricuspid valves (n = 108, 22%). Associations were seen between aortic valve vegetations and Enterococcus faecalis among patients with native aortic valves, between mitral valve vegetations and streptococci of group B or viridans group, between tricuspid valve vegetations and S. aureus among patients with intravenous drug abuse, and between perivalvular abscesses as well as cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED)-associated IE and coagulase negative staphylococci (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Associations were found between certain bacterial species and specific ECHO manifestations. Our study contributes to a better understanding of IE manifestations and their underlying bacterial etiology, which pathogens can cause severe infections and might require close follow-up and surgical treatment.
Evaluation of the efficacy of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on remineralization of white spot lesions in vitro and clinical research: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Xueling , Lin Xuandong , Zhong Tengfei , Xie Fangfang
Published: November 2019

Background: This systematic review with meta-analyses sought to answer whether casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) provided a remineralizing benefit superior to that of nonintervention or placebo. Methods: The Cochrane databases, PubMed, EmBase, and Ovid up to May 20th, 2019, were scanned, only published in English. Study information extraction and methodological quality assessments were accomplished independently by two reviewers. The “Criteria for judging risk of bias in the ‘Risk of bias’ assessment tool” was used for methodological quality assessment. The continuous data was analyzed by mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Review Manager 5.3 was used for statistical analysis. Outcome variables include quantitative light-induced fluorescence in clinical research, average surface roughness and surface microhardness in vitro. Results: There were significant differences in the quantitative light-induced fluorescence (SMD = −0.43, 95% CI: [−0.79, −0.07], P = 0.02), average surface roughness (SMD = −8.21, 95% CI: [−10.37, −6.04], P < 0.01), Vickers microhardness (SMD = 1.19, 95% CI: [0.72, 1.66], P < 0.01), and Knoop microhardness (SMD = 3.52, 95% CI: [2.68, 4.36], P < 0.01) between the CPP-ACP and control groups or baseline. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this meta-analysis, CPP-ACP exhibited excellent remineralization effects evaluated in clinical research and in vitro, indicating outstanding restoration of form, aesthetics, and function in treating white spot lesions.
A counseling intervention to address HIV stigma at entry into antenatal care in Tanzania (Maisha): Study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Watt Melissa H. , Knippler Elizabeth T. , Minja Linda , Kisigo Godfrey , Knettel Brandon A. , Ngocho James S. , Renju Jenny , Osaki Haika , Mwamba Rimel , Rogathi Jane J. , Mmbaga Blandina T.
Published: November 2019

Background: HIV-related stigma significantly impacts HIV care engagement, including in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programs. Maisha is a stigma-based counseling intervention delivered during the first antenatal care (ANC) visit, complementing routine HIV counselling and testing. The goal of Maisha is to promote readiness to initiate and sustain treatment among those who are HIV-positive, and to reduce HIV stigmatizing attitudes among those who test negative. Methods : A pilot randomized control trial (RCT) will assess the feasibility and acceptability of delivering Maisha in a clinical setting, and the potential efficacy of the intervention on HIV care engagement outcomes (for HIV-positive participants) and HIV stigma constructs (for all participants). 1000 women and approximately 700 male partners will be recruited from two study clinics in the Moshi municipality of Tanzania. Participants will be enrolled at their first ANC visit, prior to HIV testing. It is estimated that 50 women (5%) will be identified as HIV-positive. Following consent and a baseline survey, participants will be randomly assigned to either the control (standard of care) or the Maisha intervention. The Maisha intervention includes a video and counseling session prior to HIV testing, and two additional counseling sessions if the participant tests positive for HIV or has an established HIV diagnosis. A sub-set of approximately 500 enrolled participants (all HIV-positive participants, and a random selection of HIV-negative participants who have elevated stigma attitude scores) will complete a follow-up assessment at 3 months. Measures will include health outcomes (care engagement, antiretroviral adherence, depression) and HIV stigma outcomes. Quality assurance data will be collected and the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention will be described. Statistical analysis will examine potential differences between conditions in health outcomes and stigma measures, stratified by HIV status. Discussion : Antenatal care (ANC) provides a unique and important entry point to address HIV stigma. Interventions are needed to improve retention in PMTCT care and to improve community attitudes toward people living with HIV. Results of the Maisha pilot will be used to generate parameter estimates and potential ranges of values to estimate power for a full cluster-randomized trial in PMTCT settings, with extended follow-up and enhanced adherence measurement using a biomarker.
The effect of season and post-fire on habitat preferences of the endangered Swayne’s hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei) in Maze National Park, Ethiopia
Authors: Tamrat Misganaw , Atickem Anagaw , Tsegaye Diress , Evangelista Paul , Bekele Afework , Stenseth Nils Christian
Published: November 2019

Background: The availability of preferred habitats determines the spatial and temporal distribution of herbivores in savanna ecosystems. Understanding habitat preference of a targeted wildlife species is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies. Habitat preference of large grazers in connection to grass height and post-fire effect has been debated for the last century. Here, we examined the effects of season, grass height and burning on the habitat preference on Swayne’s hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei) in Maze National Park. Data for seasonal habitat selection were collected using both direct observation along established transect lines and pellet counting using permanently established plots. Every month, we measured grass height commonly preferred by Swayne’s hartebeest in grassland habitat. Starting from the first week of burning, we recorded the abundance of Swayne’s hartebeest in both burned and unburned grassland patches. Results: From detected pellets, 94.3% were recorded in the grassland habitat indicating that other habitat types are less used despite their extensive cover > 50% of the Park. During wet and early dry seasons, Swayne’s hartebeest exclusively preferred grassland habitat. We found that 85.2% (n=1,079) and 85.3% (n=593) of individuals observed in areas with a grass height below 30 cm during wet and early dry seasons, respectively; while 70.9% (n=2,288) preferred grass height below 30 cm during the dry season. The density of Swayne’s hartebeest in burned grassland area was higher than unburned grassland areas up to 150 days since burning. However, in unburned grassland areas, the density was initially low but showed increasing trend for consecutive days, reaching similar density with burned areas after 150 days since burning. Conclusion: Swayne’s hartebeest exclusively preferred grassland habitat, particularly during wet and early dry seasons, shortest available grass height in all seasons and were attracted to burned grassland areas. Our results suggested that fire played an important role in maintaining habitat quality in grassland, and that management should continue using controlled burning as a tool for the conservation of Swayne’s hartebeest. However, we remain cautious of our findings given the paucity of information regarding other confounding factors and the absence of long-term data on fire disturbance.