bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finnish-Estonian defence cooperation. Lessons of 1939-1940 for the USSR and their modern interpretation
Authors: Mezhevich Nikolai Maratovich , Novikova Irina Nikolaevna
Published: April 2024

The article focuses on the issues of bilateral relations between Estonia and Finland in the 1920s and 1930s in the context of modern foreign policy and military cooperation between two countries. The authors consider these relations in terms of modern threats to Russia's security in the northwest and Finland's entry into NATO. Close attention is given to the current military-political situation in the region. A set of methods of comparative studies in political and historical dimensions was implemented. The purpose of the study is to show the continuity of models of military-political cooperation in the Baltic region. The authors came to the conclusion that in the third decade of the 21st century the renewal of the previous model of cooperation between Estonia and Finland and its qualitative development in the context of the NATO strategy in the Baltic theatre are possible. Currently the only obstacle to deepening Finnish-Estonian cooperation in the military-political sphere is Russia's active position. The actualisation of discussions about historical experience of interactions with Russia will inevitably lead to drawing the lessons from 1939-1948 for Tallinn and Helsinki. This can provide the pragmatisation of interactions between Russia, Finland, and Estonia in the long term.
Canonical and Experimental Plasma Pressure Profiles in Tokamaks
Authors: Chudnovskiy A. N.
Published: April 2024

The statement that the so-called canonical plasma pressure profile is in good agreement with experimental data was the motivating basis for constructing the analytical model of plasma self-organization in tokamaks. The profiles of the normalized plasma electron pressure taken from the international database collecting the experimental data from different tokamaks are compared with the canonical profiles of two types. The comparison shows that the experimental pressure profiles considerably differ from these canonical profiles.
Double Dust Structures in Different Stratum Phases in Moderate Magnetic Fields
Authors: Pavlov S. I. , Dzlieva E. S. , D’yachkov L. G. , Novikov L. A. , Balabas M. V. , Karasev V. Yu.
Published: April 2024

Three-dimensional plasma-dust formations consisting of calibrated dust particles differing in sizes and material densities are studied. The characteristic features of the structures formation in stratified glow discharge were studied, as well as their shapes and dynamics in the external magnetic fields. From several types of powders, the spatially separated double structures were obtained, which filled the dust trap, being located in different stratum phases. For each part of the structure, the average rotational velocities were obtained as functions of the magnetic field. In the range, in which the rotation mechanism depends on the particle size and the ion drag force is dominant, the rotational velocity was numerically estimated with allowance for the parameters variation along the stratum.
Effect of Fluctuations in Complex Plasmas on the Dynamics of Charged Dust Grains
Authors: Vaulina O. S.
Published: April 2024

The effect of random forces, which are caused by fluctuations in a complex plasma, on the dynamics of charged dust grains is studied. Analytical dependences are obtained for the kinetic energy, the autocorrelation functions of velocities, the mass transfer functions, and the mean-square average displacements of the grains in the case of a grain moving under the effect of two random forces. A method is proposed for accounting for more than two random forces of different nature. The possibility is discussed of simulating the motion of dust grains in complex plasma by the Langevin equations with a temperature that is not equal to the temperature of the surrounding gas.
Dynamics of a Plasma Cloud Generated by a Compact Coaxial Gun upon Expansion into Vacuum and Large-Volume Background Plasma in an External Magnetic Field
Authors: Nikolenko A. S. , Gushchin M. E. , Korobkov S. V. , Zudin I. Yu. , Aidakina N. A. , Strikovskiy A. V. , Loskutov K. N.
Published: April 2024

Results of experiments on injection of dense plasma clouds created by a small-scale coaxial generator into vacuum and large-volume background plasma in an ambient magnetic field are presented. The regime of an “infinite” background medium that allows studying the plasma-cloud dynamics on the scale of about one meter in the directions perpendicular and parallel to a quasi-uniform magnetic field is realized on “Krot” plasma device. The dynamics of the diamagnetic cavity appearing upon magnetic-field expulsion by a plasma blob, the electromagnetic noise appearing in the cavity, along with the evolution of plasma-cloud structure during injection and at the stage of its decay, were studied. It is demonstrated that the key properties of the cloud dynamics that are typical of the active space and high-energy laboratory experiments, including complete expulsion of the magnetic field from the cloud and development of the flute instability at its boundary, are reproduced at low injection speed (below 30 km/s) and low plasma energy (on the order of 0.1 J).
Diagnostic Complex of the Globus-M2 Spherical Tokamak
Authors: Petrov Yu. V. , Bagryansky P. A. , Balachenkov I. M. , Bakharev N. N. , Brunkov P. N. , Varfolomeev V. I. , Voronin A. V. , Gusev V. K. , Goryainov V. Yu. , Dyachenko V. V. , Ermakov N. V. , Zhilin E. G. , Zhiltsov N. S. , Ivanenko S. V. , Il’yasova M. V. , Kavin A. A. , Kiselev E. O. , Konovalov A. N. , Krikunov S. V. , Kurskiev G. S. , Melnik A. D. , Minaev V. B. , Mineev A. B. , Miroshnikov I. V. , Mukhin E. E. , Novokhatsky A. N. , Petrov A. V. , Ponomarenko A. M. , Sakharov N. V. , Skrekel' O. M. , Solomakhin A. E. , Solokha V. V. , Telnova A. Yu. , Tkachenko E. E. , Tokarev V. A. , Tolstyakov S. Yu. , Tukhmeneva E. A. , Khil’kevich E. M. , Khromov N. A. , Chernyshev F. V. , Shevelev A. E. , Shchegolev P. B. , Shulyat’ev K. D. , Yashin A. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The diagnostic complex of the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak (R = 36 cm, a = 24 cm), the onlyoperating tokamak in Russia with a divertor plasma configuration, which operates in the range of subthermonucleartemperatures (Te to 1.6 keV, Ti to 4.5 keV) and densities (ne to 2 × 1020 m–3), is described. The Globus-M2 tokamak is the unique scientific facility, which is a part of the Federal Center for Collective Use ofthe Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences “Materials Science and Diagnostics in Advanced Technologies.”This allows third parties to perform their research using it. The work contains a list of all diagnosticscurrently available on the tokamak. The description of the diagnostics is structured in such a way that thereader gets an idea of their capabilities for measuring plasma parameters with an emphasis on the limits andaccuracy of the measured values, and also spatial and time resolution. At the same time, many technicaldetails are omitted in order to save space; references are given to papers with a more detailed description ofindividual diagnostics.
On the Question of the Formation of the Lightning Current
Authors: Bazelyan E. M.
Published: April 2024

The bipolar lightning development model was used to study the dependence of the potential that is transported to the earth by the downward leader channel. It was shown that this parameter strongly depends on the starting position of the lightning and on the trajectories of formation of its bipolar leaders. It was shown that the main reason for the change in potential is not the loss of voltage in the lightning channel with a finite conductivity but its polarization in the electric field of the storm cloud. An estimate was made of the range of potential variation in the channel with ideal conductivity depending on the starting position and trajectory of the lightning at a constant charge in the thunderstorm cell. It was shown that, for the variation of the lighting current within two orders of magnitude, a mere twofold change in the charge of the thunderstorm cell is sufficient. The preferable starting position is found for the lightning whose upward leader can penetrate into the upper layers of the troposphere, turning into a blue jet.
Multicharged Colloids at the Metal/Electrolyte Interface
Authors: Chikina Yu. , Shikin V.
Published: April 2024

The electrostatic properties of multicharged colloids (the so-called DLVO complexes) at the interface of two media with different permittivities are discussed. It is shown that being quasi-neutral in the electrolyte volume, the DLVO colloids turn out to be partly charged near the z = 0 boundary that separates these media. The problem of the interaction of an individual colloid, which has a solid inoculating core R0≫a0, (a0 is the interatomic distance) and the charge Q=Ze≫e (e is elementary charge), with the metal/electrolyte interface is considered in detail. The problem has various applications in the diagnosis of DLVO complexes and the practice of dealing with solutions capable of maintaining the electrophoretic motion of colloidal assembles.
Prerequisites for Development of Electrochemical Planar Sensor Based on RGO–PPD–SiW Composite for Determining Isoniazid Content in Biological Liquids
Authors: Pisarevskaya E. Yu. , Klyuev A. L. , Efimov O. N. , Shapagin A. V. , Andreev V. N.
Published: April 2024

A new redox-active composite material based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO), poly-o-phenylenediamine (PPD), and silicotungstic acid (SiW) is studied. The SEM data showed an abrupt decrease in the content of oxygen atoms in the composite as compared to pure graphene oxide (GO). This is associated with its reduction to RGO in the course of RGO–PPD–SiW synthesis. A combination of RGO conductivity and redox catalysis due to the electroactive components (PPD and SiW) enables one to develop various sensors by applying RGO–PPD–SiW onto planar electrodes (screen-printed carbon electrodes, SPCE). In this work, the possibility of developing a sensor for the content of antituberculous antibiotic isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide C6H7N3O, INAH) is studied. Using the CVA method, it is shown that the concentration dependence of isoniazid oxidation current is linear. The electrocatalytic behavior of the composite during the isoniazid oxidation is also supported by the impedance spectroscopy.
Electrocrystallization of Metals in Channels of Porous Films of Anodic Aluminum Oxide: The Real Template Structure and the Quantitative Model of Electrodeposition
Authors: Noyan A. A. , Kolesnik I. V. , Leont’ev A. P. , Napol’skii K. S.
Published: April 2024

A method is proposed for analytical description of current transients at the template-assisted electrodeposition of metal into porous films in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO). The template-assisted electrodeposition of copper and gold is accomplished. For the copper electrodeposition, it is shown that the experimental data are in quantitative agreement with the calculated values of current without any fitting parameters. The parameters of the AAO film structure including the conicity of pores and the number of dead-end channels are measured and their effect on the process of template-assisted electrodeposition is studied .
Modeling of Formation of Metal Microstructures by Local Electrodeposition on Conducting Substrate
Authors: Volgin V. M. , Kabanova T. B. , Gnidina I. V. , Davydov A. D.
Published: April 2024

The formation of metal microstructures on metal substrates is theoretically analyzed by the example of local silver electrodeposition using the numerical simulation of interrelated electrochemical and homogeneous chemical reactions.The distributions of the concentrations of the participants in the reactions and the current density of silver ion reduction are calculated for various concentrations of solution components and interelectrode distances. The degree of localization of metal deposition depends on the distribution of the concentrations of electroactive silver cations and the nonelectroactive complex of this metal near the anode. The conditions for reaching the maximum rate of local silver electrodeposition are determined.
CYCLOBIS(PARAQUAT-P-PHENYLENE) - MEDIATED ELECTROSYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Nasretdinova G. R. , Fazleeva R. R. , Yanilkin A. V. , Gubaidullin A. T. , Siraeva E. T. , Mansurova E. E. , Ziganshina A. Yu. , Yanilkin V. V.
Published: April 2024

Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) were obtained in MeCN/0.05 M Bu4NPF6 medium by сyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (CBPQT4+) – mediated reduction of the silver ions generated by anodic oxidation of metallic silver during the electrolysis in an undivided cell. Due to multipoint donor-acceptor interaction CBPQT4+ binds the resulting electron-donor Ag-NP to each other, which leads to their enlargement, aggregation and adsorption. This property of the macrocycle allows to call it a “molecular glue” for NP-Ag. In the absence of stabilizers, aggregated polydisperse Ag-NP of indefinite shape are formed with sizes ranging from 20 to 500 nm. Electrosynthesis in the presence of a stabilizer, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), also leads to the formation of aggregated smaller metal particles of 55 ± 26 nm, which have, in addition to the quasi-spherical shape, the shape of a flat triangle and hexagon. Ag-NP stabilized by PVP are partially bound on the surface of nanocellulose (NC). In the presence of NC, larger Ag-NP with an average size of 97 ± 29 nm are formed, the main shape of which is quasi-spherical; cubic, tetrahedral, and rod-shaped Ag-NP are also formed; the formation of Ag-NP with a flat structure is excluded. The catalytic activity of the obtained particles in the reduction of p-nitrophenol with sodium borohydride is extremely low due to the large size, aggregation, and coating of the NP-Ag surface with the stabilizer PVP and marcocycle.
FORMATION AND PROPERTIES OF BIMETALLIC ELECTROCATALYSTS BASED ON AMINOPHENYL PORPHYRIN METAL COMPLEXES
Authors: Kuzmin S. M. , Filimonova Yu. A. , Vikol L. K. , Chulovskaya S. A. , Syrbu S. A. , Parfenyuk V. I.
Published: April 2024

In this work the bimetallic composites formation via electrochemical co-deposition of Fe(III)Cl-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)porphyrin and Mn(III)Cl-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4- aminophenyl)porphyrin has been studied. The composites were obtained by superoxide-assisted electrochemical deposition from mixed DMSO solutions with equal concentrations of porphyrins. Spectral analysis of the obtained composites has shown their enrichment with Mn-complexes of porphyrin. Comparative analysis of morphology and electro active surface area, as well as the responses in oxygen electro reduction process on their surfaces has been carried out for individual porphyrins and composites films. A higher catalytic activity has been demonstrated for the films of the bimetallic composites as compared to those of the individual metal complexes.
ELECTROCHMEICAL SYNTHESIS OF TUNGSTEN OXIDE IN CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PHOTOCATALYSIS
Authors: Ulyankina A. A. , Tsarenko A. D. , Molodtsova T. A. , Fesenko L. N. , Smirnova N. V.
Published: April 2024

The electrochemical behavior of tungsten in chloride electrolytes with various cationic compositions (Na+, K+, Li+, NH4+) under pulse alternating current has been studied. The decisive influence of the nature of the electrolyte on the phase composition of the resulting dispersed products is shown. The use of NH4Cl ensures the formation of pure crystalline WO3 with a particle size of 30–35 nm. The photoelectrochemical activity of the synthesized WO3 in a sulfuric acid medium under simulated solar radiation has been studied. The addition of glycerol to H2SO4 causes a cathodic shift in the oxidation onset potential by 0.25 V and a threefold increase in the maximum photocurrent density. The possibility of using a WO3/FTO photoanode as part of a flow-through photocatalytic fuel cell (fuel - glycerol, air-breathing Pt/C cathode), characterized by excellent stability in an acidic environment and the maximum power density of 64.0 μW cm-2 is shown.
Fast Electrochemical Micropump for Portable Drug Delivery Module
Authors: Uvarov I. V. , Shlepakov P. S. , Abramychev A. M. , Svetovoy V. B.
Published: April 2024

Microfluidic devices are capable of precise drug delivery to the human body. For this purpose, they must be equipped with a compact pump that provides a high flow rate and precise dosing. In this paper, we present a micropump based on a fast electrochemical actuator that meets these requirements. It contains three actuators operating in the peristaltic mode. The device is fabricated from glass and silicon wafers using the standard microfabrication processes. The working part of the pump has a size of about 3 mm3, which is an order of magnitude smaller than other types of diaphragm pumps. The small size of the actuators ensures ultrahigh liquid dosing accuracy of 0.14 nL. At the same time, the high frequency of operation of the actuators makes it possible to develop a specific pumping velocity comparable to other types of pumps.
Multilevel Memristive Structures Based on YBa2Cu3O7–δ Epitaxial Films
Authors: Tulina N. A. , Rossolenko A. N. , Borisenko I. Yu. , Ivanov A. A.
Published: April 2024

Pulse studies of transients in the effect of resistive switching in planar heterocontacts based on strongly correlated electronic systems are presented using the example of memristive transitions based on YBa2Cu3O7–δ. It is shown that the switching process is asymmetric with respect to switching to low-resistance and high-resistance metastable states; and switching times are regulated by the voltage level and can be less than microseconds; however, relaxation processes last several seconds. The ability to adjust switching times characterizes the plasticity of these devices as memory elements for neuromorphic applications. in spike neu-ral networks.
Study of the Sensitive Region of a MOS Transistor to the Effects of Secondary Particles Arising from Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Glushko A. A. , Morozov S. A. , Chistyakov M. G.
Published: April 2024

It was shown in [1, 2] that the dependence of the fault tolerance of a static RAM cell on the energy of secondary particles resulting from the action of a neutron flux does not take into account another signifi-cant factor—the part of the transistor in which these secondary particles are generated. In order to determine the area of the memory cell in which the impact of secondary particles can lead to a failure, the probability of a failure depending on the location of the occurrence of the secondary particle is studied. A method for ana-lyzing the accumulated charge is proposed for assessing the fault tolerance of a static random access memory cell depending on the place of occurrence of the secondary particle and the charge corresponding to the mar-gin of static noise immunity. The analysis is carried out based on the results of the instrumental-technological simulation of a single MOS transistor, which is part of a static RAM cell, and the integration of the obtained values of the current responses from the regions of the transistor.
Formation of the “chinese” segment among the uyghurs of Kazakhstan in the context of the adaptation of immigrants from China to the USSR in the 1950-1960s
Authors: Karimova R. -B.U
Published: April 2024

The article examines specific features of adaptation of migrants, focusing on the case of the Uyghurs of Kazakhstan who moved from China to the USSR in the 1950-1960s. Migration from China to the USSR of that period was a top-down process; it was carried out according to an agreement between the governments of the two countries and in line with a general plan within the framework of repatriation campaign pursued by the Soviet government. It also was directly linked to the virgin-and-fallow-lands development campaign in Kazakhstan and was supposed to alleviate labor shortages. Adaptation of migrants to the Soviet environment was shaped in different ways and was specific for each ethnic group. For the Uyghurs, one of the important consequences of the adaptation was a formation of the “Chinese” segment in the Uyghur community of Kazakhstan.
Don cossacks-doukhobors in the arkhangelsk exile
Authors: Inikova S. A
Published: April 2024

The article examines the life of Cossacks-Doukhobors, who retreated from the Orthodox Church, in exile in the Arkhangelsk province in 1778-1802 and 1812-1818. I draw on a range of newly discovered archival materials to describe the experience of a group of exiles in the extreme conditions of the North of Russia, their attempt to create a religious community involving the local residents, and their tactics of behavior vis-a-vis state authorities of different levels. I explore the manifestations of the Doukhobor mentality as exhibited in the conditions of the exile and discuss the policies of the secular authorities towards the apostates.
New traditionalism and religions of the South Asia
Authors: Ryzhakova S. I
Published: April 2024

In the history of religions, in addition to large religious denominations and smaller ethnic specific cults and practices, there are a number of movements that combine local and ethnic features with global trends and patterns. The generalizing designations of such religious forms are diverse: these are folk or traditional religions, movements of social adaptation, archaic social movements, cult renewal or revival, etc. We are talking about the creative rethinking of the legacy of the past, its transformation, expansion, “reformatting”, re-imagining, and inclusion in a broad modern worldview context. Sometimes they play their role as catalysts for other movements and trends. They set off and complement the main lines of the historical development of other religions, and sometimes contrast with them. Almost always, they are associated with the formation of ethnic-cultural identities, the demarcation or, vice versa, strengthening of ties - real and imaginary. This article, for the first time in Russian ethnographic scholarship, examines the models and strategies for the formation and transformation of the “new old” religions of the East (especially South Asia), which have already become a noticeable phenomenon in the social, political, and cultural life of the region. The article introduces a special thematic section that features contributions by E.A. Renkovskaya, S.I. Ryzhakova, L.A. Streltsova, A.A. Bychkova, and M.B. Shcherbak.
Sanamahism of meitei: “new ancient” religion of Manipur
Authors: Ryzhakova S. I
Published: April 2024

Sanamahism is a noticeable phenomenon in the religious picture of the Indian state of Manipur, the ethno-national religion of the Meitei people, which began to form on the basis of old traditional cults in the 1930s. Adherents of Sanamahism initially opposed their religion as the main form of expression of ethnic identity Meitei (Meiteilon) to Hinduism: they emphasized the forced conversion of Meitei to Hinduism, and the organizations they formed, “Apokpa Marup” in 1930 and “Meitei Marup” in 1945, were in a tough fight against the “Brahma Sabha”. The creators of Sanamahism opposed the caste division of society and emphasized the originality of the mythological narratives and ritual practices of Meitei. The peculiar theology of the “new ancient” religion is based on the interpretation of the image of the god Sanamahi as the main creative principle of the world and the supreme God. The most important element of Sanamahism is a kind of myth-history that uses traditional mythological, ritual and cult elements, but organizes them in a new way. In the last decade of the twentieth century the confrontation between Meitei Hindus and Sanamahists has decreased, and at present there are even some attempts to proclaim the Sanamahism as a sort of “local Hinduism”.
Yurii Valentinovich Knorozov in the context of the soviet ethnographic science of the mid and late twentieth century
Authors: Beliaev D. D
Published: April 2024

In an interview to S.S. Alymov, the ethnographer and philologist N.S. Polishchuk talks about her biography, academic career and work at the Institute of Ethnography in the 1960s-90s. The conversation covers topics such as the development of studies in the area of ethnography of the city and workers, the activities of the journal “Soviet Ethnography”, and the international contacts of Soviet ethnographers. N.S. Polishchuk further shares interesting information about the everyday life of scholars at the Institute of Ethnography, the fate of P.G. Bogatyrev, and much more.
How lovely, how fresh were the roses
Authors: Kryukov M. V
Published: April 2024

The author - doctor of historical sciences, an honorary member of Academia Europaea and the Royal Anthropological Society of Great Britain and Ireland - shares his autobiographical recollections about the life and career in Soviet/Russian anthropological academia, research and fieldwork, colleagues and friends, work for the journal “Sovetskaia etnografiia” (currently, “Etnograficheskoe obozrenie”), as well as the vicissitudes of academic life at the Institute of Ethnography (currently, the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences).
Evenks in documentary films of the 1920s-1980s: soviet biography of a nation
Authors: Klyaus V. L
Published: April 2024

The article discusses documentary films about the Evenks, created in the 1920s-1980s: “Tungus”, “Evenk Autonomous Okrug”, “Evenk Spring”, “Yukta - the Source”, and others. These films fully reflect the biography of the Evenk people, changes in their economic, social, and cultural spheres that entered their lives from the early years of Soviet power. The documentary films allow us to trace the stages of these changes and the evolution of society’s attitude towards them. In addition, the article contains the author’s conclusions regarding the nature of the socio-economic situation of the Evenk people in the areas where he conducted fieldwork in 1994-2021.
Media generation of the “digital borderline” in the information and communication area of the digitalization era
Authors: Sumskaya A. S
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of testing the concept of media generations, focusing on media users in pre-digital and digital information and communication spaces. To identify the characteristics of the media generation of the “digital frontier”, I rely on the concepts of the generations of C. Mannheim and M. McCrindle, the model of conjugation of technology and the human body by M. McLuhan, the ideas of the phenomenologist T. Fuchs about procedural memory, the explanatory model of the formation of generations by H. Becker. The application of qualitative research methods based on in-depth interviews (N = 30; Urals Federal District, Russian Federation) allows us to understand the essence of the media generation and identify its unique features: its transitional nature and role as a kind of frontier between “analogue” and “digital” audience media. The most significant markers of the “digital frontier” are ambivalent media patterns in the information technosphere, which are due to the sustained interest in the media of the analog period and the possession of digital skills that let one join the “digital lifestyle”.
Photo albums: deconstructing narratives of the self, migration, and movable memories
Authors: Shahrokhi S.
Published: April 2024

Photo albums, as personal and cultural material objects, are intertwined with ideas about identity and memory. At the same time, the importance of memory in how we shape and make sense of our place in the world that is enhanced through evocative objects such as personal photographic archives (ranging from traditional family albums, to selfies on mobile phones, and beyond) becomes more pronounced in the context of the Anthropocene era in which diverse and unequal global movability (e.g., displacement, border crossing, and migration) has become a defining feature of who we are. Connecting between anthropological studies of border-crossing and migration art, this project explores how in the absence of a photo album, alternative modes of visual archives tell the migrant stories of affective connections to family homeland the past and the present Focusing on specific examples from the burgeoning body of alternative visual artwork by contemporary migration artists in Europe and the US this paper examines how identity and otherness are entangled in an ongoing process of becoming and unraveling as sociocultural norms. Beginning with Appadurai’s observations on how migration of objects precipitates the experience of border crossing this paper looks at how migration art activism empowers modes of resistance to normative exclusionary discourses and current anti-migration practices.
Evocation of the self: self-defining mental photographs
Authors: Nourkova V. V , Sulim O. S
Published: April 2024

The acquisition of mental tools is a uniquely human mode of resisting situational pressure and achieving psychological self-determination. The fact that material photographs effectively trigger autobiographical memories has led to the hypothesis that they have functional counterparts in the form of memories of the most personally significant photographs. One hundred and eighty-five participants volunteered to recall, describe, and rate on several scales the memories of photographs that best express their personality. The “self-defining mental photographs” obtained from the participants were found to be subjectively attractive, highly functional, and expressive of various personality traits. The exploratory factor analysis suggested a three-factor solution interpreted as qualitatively specific types of mental photographs. Mental photographs scoring high on Factor 1 (Focus on the event) may serve as retrieval tool for extracting personal sense from a concrete episode of the past. High scores on Factor 2 (Detailed image of the narrator) probably refer to the internal dialogue between past and present self. High scores on Factor 3 (Holistic Self) were attributed to the integrated experience of personality-destiny unity coinciding with the awareness of one's history of existence.
Critical reflections on the “vernacular museum”
Authors: Abramov R. N , Baranov D. A , Grinko I. A , Kupriyanov P. S , Sleptsova (kyzlasova) I. S , Chesnokova E. G
Published: April 2024

The article presents a critical discussion of the essay, “Vernacular Museum: Toward the Definition of the Concept” (Vernakuliarnyi muzei: k opredeleniiu poniatiia), by I.S. Sleptsova (Kyzlasova) and E.G. Chesnokova who argue in favor of introducing a special term for the description of grassroot practices of museum building arising in today’s social contexts. Drawing on the uses of the term vernacular in various fields of humanities, the authors of the essay suggest that these grassroot practices be viewed as aimed at representing individual interests, as well as one of the ways of self-actualization. The contributors scrutinize and debate their arguments, examining the case within the broader context of museum studies.
Chewing gum in the life world of soviet children in the 1960s-80s (reconstruction based on modern memories)
Authors: Kupriyanov B. V
Published: April 2024

Among the few niches left by isolated but fundamental studies of chewing gum in the everyday life of Soviet children (works by K. A. Bogdanov, V. V. Golovin, A.V. Kudryashev), ideas about the specific role of this confectionery product, depending on the child’s place of residence, his gender and social environment, deserve special attention. An attempt to clarify the boundaries of the application of the fetishization construct to the interpretation of the role of chewing gum in the life world of a Soviet child was carried out on the basis of 50 semi-structured narrative-oriented interviews conducted in Kostroma, Krasnodar, Moscow, Ryazan in 2020, and memoirs about childhood in the USSR by six authors. The results of the study confirm the exceptional subjective significance of chewing gum, its functioning as an object of commodity exchange. At the same time, there is a more widespread practice of gratuitous donation of this confectionery by children. Adventurous practices of criminal acquisition of delicacies in the 1960s-70s were localized in the cities becoming the centers of international tourism and seaports of the USSR; in Moscow, teenage boys who already had a marginal status were involved in these practices. A significant part of Moscow schoolchildren distanced themselves from adventurous entrepreneurship out of conviction or out of fear. For children who lived far from the territories covered by international communications, fetishization was significantly limited by the unavailability of chewing gum - the lack of children’s ability to purchase it independently.
OXIDATION KINETICS OF LITHIUM-MODIFIED LEAD BABBIT BLI (PbSb15Sn10Li) IN THE SOLID STATE
Authors: Ganiev I. N , Khodzhanazarov Kh. M , Odinazoda Khaydar Odina , Khodzhaev F. K
Published: April 2024

The study results of the lithium-modified lead babbitt BLi (PbSb15Sn10Li) oxidation kinetics of in the temperature range 373–473 K are considered. The resulting oxidation products of the alloys are identified, and the microstructure of the alloys is studied. The experiments were carried out by the thermogravimetric method in air at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range 373–473 K. It was established that the oxidation process in the entire studied range temperatures can be described with high accuracy by a polynomial of the fourth degree. The experiments noted a periodic change in the oxidation rate over time. The kinetic and energy parameters of the alloy oxidation process have been determined. It has been established that in the temperature range of 373–473 K, lithium additives increase the oxidation of lead babbitt BLi (PbSb15Sn10Li). It has also been shown that the addition of an alloying component significantly grinds its microstructure. Using X-ray phase analysis, it was revealed that the oxidation products of alloys consist of oxides, including PbO, Li2SnO3, Pb2Sb2O7, Sb2O3, Pb3O4, Sb2O4.
INCREASING THE HARDNESS AND WEAR RESISTANCE OF TECHNICAL TITANIUM BY ANODIC PLASMA ELECTROLYTIC CARBURIZING
Authors: Tambovskiy I. V , Kusmanov S. A , Mukhacheva T. L , Krit B. L , Suminov I. V , Khmyrov R. S , Palenov I. R , Vdovichenko R. A , Morozov V. I
Published: April 2024

The possibility of using the anodic electrolyte-plasma carburization technology in a non-toxic electrolyte to increase the microhardness and wear resistance of commercially pure titanium is considered. The morphostructure and roughness of the material surface after saturation were studied, the distribution of microhardness in the surface layer and the tribological behavior of the modified surface were studied. Wear resistance tests were carried out under dry friction conditions using tool alloy hardened steel as a counterbody. It has been established that electrolyte-plasma cementation in an aqueous electrolyte, containing ammonium chloride and glycerin, increases surface hardness by 3.5 times, up to 900 HV0.01, due to the formation of a diffusion layer. Tribological behavior is influenced by high-temperature oxidation of the surface, leading to the formation of an outer oxide layer, the formation of a modified layer and the titanium surface relief. The friction coefficient after treatment increases by 1.2 times, and mass wear decreases by 3.4 times compared to the untreated surface of titanium parts.
VISCOSITY DIAGRAM CONSTRUCTION FOR SLAGS CONTAINING CHROMIUM AND BORON OXIDES USING SIMPLEX LATTICE METHOD
Authors: Babenko A. A , Shartdinov R. R , Smetannikov A. N , Lobanov D. A , Upolovnikova A. G
Published: April 2024

Using the method of simplex lattices for experiment planning, the viscosity of slags of the CaO-SiO2-Cr2O3-3%Al2O3-8%MgO-6%B2O3 system was studied in a wide range of chemical composition. For each viscosity value, adequate mathematical models are obtained in the form of a reduced III degree polynomial. The results of mathematical modeling are presented graphically in the form of composition-viscosity diagrams. The range of compositions of the studied slags with a basicity of 1.5-2.0 has a high liquid mobility in the temperature range of 1600 -1700°C and their viscosity does not exceed 0.3 Pa·s.
STUDY OF STRENGTH, RELAXATION AND CORROSION RESISTANCE OF ULTRAFINE AUSTENITIC STEEL 08H18N10T OBTAINED BY RCU-PRESSING. II. RESEARCH OF RELAXATION PROPERTIES AND RESISTANCE AGAINST INTERCRYSTALLITE CORROSION
Authors: Kopylov V. I , Chuvil'deev V. N , Nokhrin A. V , Kozlova N. A , Chegurov M. K , Melekhin N. V
Published: April 2024

Relaxation resistance and corrosion resistance of samples of ultrafine-grained steel 08H18N10T obtained by the method of equal-channel angular pressing at temperatures of 150 and 450 °C are investigated. For ultrafine-grained steel with high values of the limit of macroelasticity and yield strength, a decrease in the Hall—Petch coefficient due to fragmentation of δ-ferrite particles at the method of equal-channel angular pressing is shown. It is established that the samples of ultrafine-grained steel have 2-3 times higher relaxation resistance compared to coarse-grained steel. It is noted that the method of equal-channel angular pressing leads to an increase in the rate of general corrosion. At the same time, despite the decrease in corrosion resistance, samples of ultrafine-grained steels have high resistance to intercrystalline corrosion. It is established that the decrease in corrosion resistance of ultrafine-grained steel is due to an increase in the volume fraction of martensite deformation at the method of equal-channel angular pressing.
Stratigraphy and Seismostratigraphy of the Permian Evaporite Formation in the Salt-Producing Province of the Caspian Region: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Antipov M. P. , Bykadorov V. A. , Volozh Y. A. , Naugolnykh S. V. , Patina I. S. , Pisarenko Y. A. , Postnikova I. S. , Абилхасимов К.Б.
Published: April 2024

The paper deals with the composition and stratigraphy of the evaporite formation in the salt-producing province of the Caspian region. Based on seismostratigraphic approach, the correlation of geological sections in the lateral areas of the salt-producing province with the halokinetically deformed sections in the central areas of the Preсaspian depression is proposed. As a result of the research, a new local stratigraphic scheme of the Permian evaporite formation of the Central subprovince is proposed and the principles of its construction using the results of the seismostratigraphic analysis of the Asselian-Tatarian seismogeological substage and the accepted serial legends of three groups of sheets of geological maps (scale 1 : 1000 000; Scyphian (South-European), Central-European, and Uralian maps) are outlined. The results obtained significantly clarify the known schemes of the oil and geological zoning of the Caspian oil and gas province and contribute to the development of the resources of the deep (subsalt) horizons of its sedimentary cover.
Lithofacies Peculiarities and Bionomic Specification of the Fossil Remnants Complexes of the Lower Permian in the Yuryuzan-Ai Depression in the Southern Urals (on the Example of the Mechetlino Section)
Authors: Gorozhanina E. N. , Gorozhanin V. M. , Isakova T. N. , Filimonova T. V. , Дронов А.В.
Published: April 2024

A lithofacies and bionomic study of the boundary Artinskian-Kungurian deposits of the Cisuralian Series of the Permian system in the Yuryuzan-Ai Depression was carried out on the example of the Mechetlino section (Southern Urals). The section was a candidate GSSP of the lower boundary of the Kungurian. In terrigenous-carbonate deposits, eight lithophacial types of rocks – lithofacies – are identified. According to their combination, the section is divided into packages composed of carbonate-terrigenous flysch rocks, carbonate clastic deposits initiated by storms, and blocky underwater landslide deposits. Six ecological complexes of small foraminifera are identified, reflecting sedimentation conditions in the areas of benthic fauna denudation. The mechanisms of mixing and movement of plant remains, benthic, planktonic and nectonic fossils are indicated. A model of the formation of sedimentary complexes of the Lower Permian in the Yuryuzan-Ai depression of the Pre-Ural trough is proposed, reflecting the bionomic specificity of the complexes of organic residues on the border of the Artinskian and Kungurian stages.
Late Albian–Early Turonian Grebenka Flora of the North Pacific: Systematic Composition, Age, Distibution
Authors: Herman A. B. , Shczepetov S. V. , Волынец Е.Б.
Published: April 2024

Starting from the mid-Cretaceous and in the Late Cretaceous, the landscape features of the North Pacific make it possible to divide this region into a number of territories called subregions. The earliest Cenophytic (with a significant number and diversity of angiosperms) Late Albian–Early Turonian Grebenka flora and its analogs are known only in three subregions of the North Pacific: Anadyr-Koryak, Northern Alaska and Yuk-on-Koyukuk. In the middle of the Cretaceous these subregions were represented by coastal plains and lowlands periodically flooded by the sea. Cenophytic floras populated the area of terrestrial volcanism of the Okhotsk–Chukotka subregion and the Asian continental interiors of the Verkhoyansk–Chukotka subregion later, in the Turonian–Coniacian, but Mesophytic vegetation with the predominance of Early Cretaceous ferns and gymnosperms continued to exist there at least until the Coniacian. Consequently, the invasion of evolutionarily new Cenophytic vegetation into the continental interiors of North-Eastern Asia was gradual and extended over time. This should be taken into account when studying the Cretaceous nonmarine phytostratigraphy of the North Pacific region.
Cenomanian Radiolarians and Stratigraphy of the Sel’-Bukhra Section, Republic of Crimea
Authors: Bragina L. G. , Bragin N. Yu. , Вишневская В.С.
Published: April 2024

New radiolarian data from the type section of the middle Cenomanian Pseudoaulophacus lenticulatus Zone located on the northern and southern slopes of the Sel’-Bukhra Mountain section (southwestern Crimea) are reported. The Pseudoaulophacus lenticulatus Zone radiolarians have been studied and analyzed in this section for the first time. Five species previously unknown in this region have been found here. Lithology of the lower part of the upper Cenomanian Triactoma parva Zone from the southern slope of the Sel’-Bukhra Mountain section is reported. Both Pseudoaulophacus lenticulatus and Triactoma parva Zones have more than 60% species distributed in the Tethyan Superrealm.
Early Famenian Trachyandesite Magmatism of the Pripyat Paleorift, East European Platform: U–Pb Age and Petrology
Authors: Kuzmenkova O. F. , Laptsevich A. G. , Stifeeva M. V. , Nosova A. A. , Streltsova G. D. , Volkova G. D. , Plax D. P. , Pospelov A. V. , Кудряшов Н.М.
Published: April 2024

On the basis of the mineralogical-petrographic and geochemical study of igneous rocks of intermediate composition of the Pripyat complex of the Late Devonian Pripyat-Dnieper magmatism area, two subphases of the Pripyat magmatism phase have been definished: late Fransian (Chernin or Skolodino-Chernin) with potassium specification and early Famennian (Turov-Drozdov (Yelets)) with potassium-sodium specification. For the first time, the U–Pb age of titanite from trachyandesites of the parametric borehole Pribor was obtained for rocks of Pripyat-Dnieper magmatism area at 364 ± 1 Ma. These data confirm the Famennian age of the Yelets subphase of the Pripyat phase of magmatism and make it possible to determine the duration of the magmatic activity of this structure at least 14 Ma taking into account the isotope dating of the earliest phases of magmatism in the Pripyat-Dnieper-Donetsk Paleorift Structure as 388 ± 12 Ma, 383.3 ± 3.8, 384.7 ± 3.9 and 383.6 ± 4.4 Ma in the Azov Region and 381 ± 2 Ma in the Pripyat-Dnieper magmatism area.
Structure and Depositional Environment of the Upper Cenozoic Ulan-Zhalga Reference Section, Western Transbaikalia
Authors: Shchetnikov A. A. , Kazansky A. Yu. , Erbaeva M. A. , Matasova G. G. , Ivanova V. V. , Filinov I. A. , Khenzykhenova F. I. , Namzalova O. D.-Ts. , Nechaev I. O. , Маркова А.К.
Published: April 2024

The results of a comprehensive study of the Upper Cenozoic Ulan-Zhalga reference section in western Transbaikalia are presented. The paleontological, paleomagnetic and rock magnetic, lithological-mineralogical, and geochemical data obtained allowed us to identify and characterize the Lower, Middle, and Upper Pleistocene and Holocene deposits in the section and to reveal the features and conditions of sedimentation. Five members recognized in the section are combined into two sequences: the lower (layers 1–27, units 1–3) and the upper (layers 28–35, units 4–5). The boundary between Matuyama and Brunhes chrons (0.773 Ma) is determined at a depth of 15 m and the upper boundary of the Jaramillo subchron (0.990 Ma) at a depth of 23 m. The Matuyama/Brunhes boundary coincides with the boundary of Lower and Middle Pleistocene faunal complexes. The formation of the section corresponds to two major stages of sedimentation, which boundary is between the units 3 and 4 (depth 11.8 m). Changes in rock magnetic and granulometric parameters over the section has a climatic nature and reflect environmental changes. The formation of the lower part of the section (unit 1), which was accompanied by active pedogenesis, is characterized by the most heat- and moisture-enriched conditions. The upper strata of the section accumulated in colder and drier conditions with increased dynamics of aeolian processes.
Stratigraphy of Cenozoic Deposits and the History of the Latest Stage of Geological Development of the Zaisan Depression (Eastern Kazakhstan)
Authors: Trikhunkov Ya. I. , Tesakov A. S. , Bachmanov D. M. , Syromyatnikova E. V. , Latyshev A. V. , Bulanov S. A. , Azelkhanov A. Zh. , Suyekpaev E. S. , Зыкин В.С.
Published: April 2024

The Zaisan Basin is a unique geological structure that preserves a most complete sedimentary archive of late Mesozoic through most of the Cenozoic era. A century of studies brought very rich data on the stratigraphy and geological history of the Zaisan sedimentary sequence. The recent scientific progress made it possible to refine the Cenozoic stratigraphic scale of the region. Here we present the results of a detailed morphostructural analysis and propose morphotectonic zoning of the Zaisan Basin based on the modern tectonic and geodynamic concepts. New results of magnetostratigraphic dissection of the Kalmakpai stratotypic section, the most complete section of the sedimentary strata of the depression, and its comparison with the drilling data of its axial part are presented. By the synthesis of magnetostratigraphy with the rich regional biostratigraphic record we refine the stratigraphy of the region and clarify dynamics of tectonic movements and the development of relief and landscapes of the Zaisan Depression and the bounding alpine structures of Saur-Tarbagatai during the Cenozoic.
KOCHKARI I – A NEW LATE MESOLITHIC SITE IN THE FOREST-STEPPE VOLGA REGION (THE RESEARCH RESULTS)
Authors: Andreev Konstantin M. , Andreeva Olga V. , Aleshinskaya Anna S. , Kulkova Marianna A. , Burygin Maksim A.
Published: April 2024

The paper introduces the Late Mesolithic complex of the Kochkari I site (Krasny Yar District, Samara Region) and discusses evidence obtained with science methods. The authors outline the site location and the history of its study. The stratigraphy of the site and the results of palynological analysis of the cultural layer are described. The article features detailed information about the inventory categories with an emphasis on the tool complex. Based on radiocarbon dating, the chronological framework of the Kochkari I site functioning was established. The typological analysis of the flint complex and absolute age data made it possible to determine the place of the site within the system of region’s Mesolithic antiquities. The authors consider the issue of correlation between Late Mesolithic and Early Neolithic complexes of the forest-steppe Volga region.