bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and antitumor properties of some new 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles
Authors: Мирко І. І. , Горак Ю. І. , Чабан Т. І. , Драпак І. В. , Матійчук В. С.
Published: November 2021

One of the promising methods of creating antitumor drugs is the screening of potential antitumor agents among synthesized compounds. Nitrogen-based heterocycle analogues are an extremely important class of organic substances that are widely used in medical chemistry. [1,2,4]Triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4] thiadiazoles are among the little-studied and hard-to-reach members of this class of compounds.

The aim of our work was to synthesize some new 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles, as well as the study of their antitumor activity.

The objects of study were 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles. The composition and structure of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by the data of elemental analysis and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The antitumor activity of the synthesized compounds was studied in the framework of the international scientific program of the National Cancer Institute (Bethesda, Maryland, USA) DTP NCI (Developmental Therapeutic Program).

The synthesis of 11 derivatives of 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles was carried out. These substances are obtained by the interaction of 5-arylfuran-2-carboxylic acids with 5-substituted 4-amino-4H-1,2,4-triazolo-3-thiols. Primary screening revealed individual 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles, which showed pronounced selective antitumor activity. The most active among the tested compounds were 3 d, 3 e and 3 j, which were further investigated during secondary screening. The results of these studies confirm the high antitumor activity of these compounds.

The proposed approaches and the developed synthesis protocols made it possible to obtain a series of new 3-R-6-(5-arylfuran-2-yl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles. The results of studies of the antitumor activity of the synthesized compounds made it possible to single out 3 highly active compounds with high antitumor activity, which gives reason to consider this condensed system as a promising molecular framework for the design of potential antitumor agents.
Phytochemical analysis of the main groups of secondary metabolites in the Dracocephalum moldavica L. herb
Authors: Шанайда М. І.
Published: November 2021

The genus Dragonhead (Dracocephalum L.) includes 72 species of essential oil-bearing plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Many of them have long been used in a folk medicine of different countries. Moldavian dragonhead (D. moldavica L.) has been identified as the most promising species for the complex phytochemical research since it was successfully introduced in the climatic conditions of the Ukrainian forest-steppe zone and due to the presence of its various botanical forms and varieties.

The aim of this study was the phytochemical analysis of the main groups of secondary metabolites in the herb of violet-flowered form of Moldavian dragonhead  (D. moldavica L.) under its cultivation in Ternopil region (Ukraine).

The herb of the plant was harvested in July of 2018‒2019 years during the flowering period. The essential oil was obtained from the plant raw material by the hydrodistillation. Such physical and chemical parameters of the essential oil as a relative density, refractive index, optical rotation, acid number and solubility in ethanol were studied. The method of thin layer chromatography (TLC) was used to determine the specific sequence of bands in the chromatograms of essential oil. The method of high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was used for the identification of phenolic compounds in the herb. The component composition of polyphenols was determined by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

The specific physical and chemical parameters as well as the «chromatographic profile» of essential oil have been established. The main compounds of the polyphenolic nature were revealed by the chromatographic methods. In particular, rosmarinic and caffeic hydroxycinnamic acids were identified in the methanol extract of herb by the HPTLC method. The HPLC analysis of phenolic compounds in the 70% ethanol extract of raw material established that rosmarinic acid was its main polyphenol. It was found the decreasing of polyphenol contents in the D. moldavica herb in such direction: rosmarinic acid (3.01%) > apigenin-7-О-glucoside (0.67%) > apigenin (0.29%) > caffeic acid (0.28%) > luteolin-7-О-glucoside (0.13%)> hyperoside (0.12%) > ferulic acid (0.09%) > chlorogenic acid (0.08%).

The obtained data could be used for planning pharmacological studies of the phytosubstances developed from the Moldavian dragonhead herb.
Tratamento do herpes zoster e prevenção da nevralgia pós-herpética
Authors:   Médico de Família, Luís Joana Gonçalves , Martins Bárbara Adelina Costa ,   Médico de Família
Published: November 2021

Objetivos: A nevralgia pós-herpética (NPH) é a principal complicação do herpes zoster (HZ), tendo um impacto significativo na qualidade de vida dos doentes e nos custos em saúde. Com esta revisão pretende-se avaliar a eficácia de diferentes terapêuticas utilizadas no tratamento agudo da zona na prevenção desta complicação. Fontes de dados: MEDLINE/PubMed, National Guide Clearinghouse, Canadian Medical Association Practice Guidelines, Bandolier, Evidence-Based Medicine Online, DARE, TRIP Database e The Cochrane Library. Métodos de revisão: Pesquisa de guidelines, meta-análises, revisões sistemáticas e ensaios clínicos controlados e aleatorizados publicados entre abril de 2010 e março de 2020, redigidos em inglês, português ou espanhol, utilizando os termos MeSH herpes zoster e neuralgia, postherpetic. Resultados: Dos 333 resultados obtidos na pesquisa inicial foram selecionados sete artigos para inclusão nesta revisão, nomeadamente duas meta-análises, uma revisão sistemática e quatro ensaios clínicos controlados e aleatorizados. A evidência encontrada relativamente à utilização de antivíricos, glucocorticoides ou gabapentinoides no tratamento do HZ não demonstrou benefício na prevenção da NPH. Apenas as opções por amitriptilina ou vitamina C endovenosa revelaram resultados positivos, ainda que com evidência escassa e limitada. Conclusão: Esta revisão permite concluir que nenhum dos tratamentos habitualmente utilizados no tratamento agudo do HZ previne a ocorrência de NPH. Apesar dos resultados positivos da amitriptilina e da vitamina C não existe ainda evidência suficientemente robusta que permita recomendar o uso disseminado destes fármacos na fase aguda do HZ com o intuito de prevenir esta complicação. Mais estudos são necessários neste sentido, tendo em conta a morbilidade e custos em saúde associados à NPH.
Graded epidural anesthesia for open cholecystectomy in elderly patient with ischemic heart disease
Authors: Parveen Shirin , Singh Supriya
Published: November 2021

Geriatric patients with a limited physiological reserve and associated comorbidities present a challenge to anesthesiologists. Patients with cardiac disease coming for non-cardiac surgical procedures are at increased risk of perioperative cardiovascular events such as myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction (MI) and are associated with greater morbidity and mortality. In this case report, the patient had a previous history of MI and was a known case of diabetes mellitus with acute cholecystitis with cholelithiasis with anterolateral ischemic heart disease with an ejection fraction of 35%. This patient was posted for open cholecystectomy with CBD exploration and successfully managed under graded epidural anesthesia and had an uneventful recovery.
ANALISIS STABILITAS CADANGAN DEVISA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kurniawan Mahrus Lutfi Adi
Published: November 2021

Penelitian tentang cadangan devisa sangat penting untuk dikembangkan, karena cadanan devisa selain sebagai sumber pendapatan pembangunan juga sebagai alat untuk dapat menghindari dari krisis ekonomi. Analisis cadangan devisa dikembangkan dengan memilih pengaruh variabel makroekonomi seperti inflasi, kurs dan utang luar negeri dengan pendekatan model Autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel independen dalam model berpengaruh terhadap cadangan devisa pada jangka pendek, sedangkan pada jangka panjang variabel kurs berpengaruh terhadap cadangan devisa. Berdasarkan hasil uji CUSUM dan CUSUMQ menunjukkan bahwa model stabil. Menjaga stabilitas perekonomian dan stabiltas nilai tukar menjadi agenda penting bagi pemangku kebijakan untuk menciptakan kondisis perekonomian domestik tangguh dalam menghadapi krisis.
Géographie et impérialisme. De la Suisse au Congo entre exploration géographique et conquête coloniale
Authors: Rossinelli Fabio
Published: November 2021

Gustave Moynier, cofondateur de la Croix-Rouge, a-t-il également cofondé l’État indépendant du Congo ? Ce régime brutal d’extraction du caoutchouc dirigé par Léopold II voit le jour en 1885 à la suite d’une décennie d’événements exploratoires et conquérants. La Suisse participe à ces événements par le biais des sociétés de géographie dont Moynier fait partie. Loin de se limiter à dévoiler un aspect sombre de la vie de cet homme, l’ouvrage de Fabio Rossinelli montre l’intégration – économique, culturelle, voire politique – de la bourgeoisie helvétique à l’impérialisme colonial du xIxe siècle. Pour ce faire, l’histoire des associations géographiques en Suisse est analysée en perspective internationale. Jusqu’à la Grande Guerre, ces sociétés représentent, à côté d’autres milieux, des cénacles où se produit un discours raciste accompagné d’actions expansionnistes.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Membayar Iuran BPJS Mandiri pada Pasien di RSUD Kabupaten Mamuju
Authors: Zain Sitti Fatimah , Andi Surahman Batara
Published: November 2021

Jaminan sosial adalah salah satu bentuk perlindungan sosial untuk menjamin seluruh rakyat agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dasar hidup yang layak. Berdasarkan data dari BPJS Cabang Mamuju jumlah peserta BPJS per 31 Desember 2018 sebanyak 228.654 jiwa atau sekitar 75,92% dari jumlah keseluruhan penduduk di Kabupaten Mamuju. Sampai bulan September 2019, Sebanyak 43.588 peserta mandiri BPJS kesehatan Cabang Mamuju Menunggak iuran. Peserta mandiri Kabupaten Mamuju sebanyak 22.509 peserta dengan 8.733 peserta aktif,  dan 13.670 peserta tidak teratur dalam membayar iuran bulanan (BPJS 2020). Jenis peneltian ini adalah penelitian Kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional study, dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 111 orang. Data diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner. Analisi data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil analisis uji chi-square dengan α=0,05 menunjukkan bahwa nilai p-value untuk Pengetahuan p=0,04, Pekerjaan p=0,956, Pendapatan p=0,368, Persepsi p=0,372, Motivasi p=0,716 dengan kepatuhan membayar. Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan memiliki hubungan dengan kepatuhan membayar iuran, sedangkan pekerjaan, pendapatan, persepsi dan motivasi tidak memiliki hubungan.
Valorization of Date Palm Wastes by Lignin Extraction to be Used for the Improvement of Polymeric Membrane Characteristics
Authors: Zrelli Adel , Elfalleh Walid , Ghorbal Achraf , Chaouachi Bechir
Published: November 2021

This work aimed to valorize Date Palm Wastes (DPW) by the extraction of lignin and its application for polymeric membrane modification. Lignin was extracted from five types of DPW (date palm kernel, leaflet, pedicel, palm frond, and fibrilium) using the Klason method. Following DPW characterization, we remark the highest amount of extractives content in the leaflet sample (10.07 %) and the lowest in the fibrilium sample (6.51 %). The ash content ranged from 1.56 % for fibrilium to 7.96 % for palm frond. After extraction, the lignin yield was in the range of 22–32 %. The extracted lignins were characterized by Infrared and Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. All extracted lignins provide a high concentration of (-OH) group. Besides, both syringyl and guaiacyl are present in the extracted lignins with a slightly more syringyl unit. The extracted lignins were added to the polymeric solution, prepared from waste plastic, to produce membranes. These membranes showed improved hydrophilicity marked a decrease in the contact angle of 28 % when the lignin concentration increased from 0.125 to 0.5 %. In addition, the membrane porosity increased with the use of the extracted lignins as an additive.
Congenital and Structural Heart Disease: Fixing up of Holes, Wrong Routes and Tracts
Authors: Fatema Begum Nurun Nahar , Pasha AKM Mustafa Kamal
Published: November 2021

Abstract not available
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 1-3
Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Akhter Shahnaz , Karim Md Rizwanul
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a problem of growing interests both for the mother and the baby. Like other South East Asia countries the prevalence of GDM has also been progressively increasing in Bangladesh. Some population based studies conducted in Bangladesh have revealed an increasing trend of GDM prevalence ranging from 6% to 14% based in using different diagnostic criteria.
Aim: To assess the fetal and maternal outcome in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Combined Military Hospital Dhaka from April 2018 to April 2019. Total 100 cases of GDM admitted in antenatal ward were taken into considerations. Maternal & fetal outcome was studied.
Results: Study revealed that gestational diabetes was more common among >25 years old multiparous women. 88% GDM diagnosed at more than 20 weeks of gestation and more than 76% mothers with gestational diabetes delivered by caesarean section, 23% delivered vaginally. Pre-eclampsia were noted in 18% of patients. 25% babies were macrosomic at birth. 12% babies had hyperbillirubanaemia, 10% respiratory distress, 1% had congenital anomalies.
Conclusion: Gestational diabetes mellitus is common with a rising prevalence and is associated with higher maternal and neonatal morbidity. It carries additional long term health consequences for the mother and her offspring. Diagnosis and appropriate treatment of the condition decreases morbidities for the mother & baby.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 18-21
Postpartum Health Care Seeking Behaviour among the Rural Women in Bangladesh
Authors: Mithun Sangita , Irfan SM Nurul
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Pregnancy and childbirth is an important event in the life cycle of women and their health during this period is very much vital for the mother and children. Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of a country is an important indicator of the overall health status of mother.
Objectives: To assess the health care seeking behaviour of postnatal women in rural Bangladesh.  Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Chaturia in Dhamrai upazilla of Dhaka district from January 2019 to March 2019 among purposively selected 196 rural women of reproductive age who had at least one living child. Data were collected by face-to-face interview using pretested questionnaire.
Results: Among 196 respondents average monthly family income was 12561 Taka with SD of 10462 taka. Majority of them were housewives and about two-third (64.8%) were educated above secondary level. 70.9% respondents had their delivery of last child in a government health care center and 37.8% deliveries were conducted by nurses which was followed by government doctors (36.2%). Majority (62.2%) had their health checkup within 42 days, 59.2% of them had checkup for three or more times and the checkup were done by government doctors (60.2%). 47.1% of the respondents experienced high grade fever as postpartum complication. Statistically significant association (p<0.05) were revealed between age group of the respondents with health personnel conducted deliveries and also between educational level of the respondents with place of delivery of last child.
Conclusion: Awareness, motivation and infrastructural development play a vital role in utilizing the government healthcare services by the postnatal women in rural Bangladesh.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 80-83
Maternal Outcome of Anemic Pregnant Mother at Private Hospitals in Dhaka City
Authors: Zahangir Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The study carried out among the pregnant women who had anemia during pregnancy with the objectives to determine their maternal outcome at private hospitals in Dhaka city.
Materials and Methods: The total sample size was 110. Data was collected by interviewing the respondents with a structured pre-tested questionnaire. The study was conducted in pregnant women with anemia at or after 28 weeks of gestation and had delivered at Obstetrics Department of Ad-Din Barrister Rafique ul-Huq Hospital, Jurain and Bashundhara Ad-Din Medical College Hospital South Keranigonj.
Results: Most of the respondents (38.2%) belonged to the age group between 16-20 years. The mean age was 23.74±5.127 years. Almost (49.1%) up to primary & (38.2%) were up to secondary/higher secondary level. Most of the respondents were homemaker (87.3%); Monthly income means was 19340.91±12459.647. Most (90.9%) of the respondents had received ANC and 79.1% respondent’s hemoglobin level was below 10 gm. /dl. Among them 90.9% of the respondent’s fetal outcome were healthy & alive baby. More than half (51.8%) of the respondent’s baby were _ 2.5 kg birth weight. Study also shows that 55.5% respondents had anemia after delivery, 28.2% had sickness and 22.7% were sulfured with complications after delivery. There was a significant relationship with low birth weights (LBW) to less high education.
Conclusion: All women should be given advice regarding diet in pregnancy with details of foods rich in iron. Dietary changes alone are not sufficient to correct an existing iron deficiency in pregnancy and iron supplements are necessary.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(2): 102-107
Echocardiographic Right Heart Study in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Al Mamun Kazi Shamim , Chowdhury Mohammad Ibrahim , Alam Muhammad Khurshed , Khuryshi Syedul Alam , Islam SM Ifteakharul
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has considerable effects on cardiac functions, including those of the right ventricle, left ventricle, and pulmonary blood vessels. Most of the increased mortality associated with COPD is due to cardiac involvement. Echocardiography provides a rapid, noninvasive, portable, and accurate method to evaluate the cardiac changes. Aims: We aimed to prospectively study the patients with diagnosed COPD with echocardiogram for evaluating the right heart.
Materials & Methods: Our study was an observational, cross sectional study was done on 50 patients with COPD who were admitted at Department of Cardiology, CMCH and underwent echocardiographic evaluation from November 2017 –October 2018. All echocardiogaphic parameters focused on right heart and its function were assessed.
Results: Out of total 50 COPD patients studied, majority of them were male (46 patients ,92%). The mean age group of the studied patients was 58.4 ±7.7 years. Pulmonary hypertension defined as sPAP>30 mmHg was evident in all of the patients; with 30 patients (60%), 14 (28 %) and 6(12 %) patients having severe, moderate and mild pulmonary hypertension respectively. RV dysfunction was evident with reduced average TAPSE values (1.59± 0.38 cm) and elevated RIMP values (0.58±0.16).
Conclusion: Majority of COPD patients had evidence of pulmonary hypertension. Echocardiogram can be a helpful tool to assess early changes on the right heart size and function in patients with COPD and also monitor these patients for rapid progression of the illness.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(2): 123-128
Clinical Outcome and Operative Findings with Ectopic Pregnancy at Tertiary Medical College & Hospital
Authors: Sultana Fahmida , Ara Gulshan , Afroz Sayma , Nupur Rokshana Parvin , Amin Mashah Binte
Published: November 2021

Introduction: An ectopic pregnancy is an emergency condition worldwide now a days which defined as a pregnancy that progresses after implantation of the blastocyst anywhere other than the endometrium lining the uterine cavity. Objective: In this study our main goal is to identify clinical outcome and operative situation in patients.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed from January 2015 to December, 2018 at tertiary medical College & Hospital. During the study 200 patients were evaluated and data was extracted from socio-demographic, menstrual, obstetric and clinical history of the patients.
Results: most of the patients belong to 30 years (19.7%) age group and history of pelvic infection (26.26%), induced abortion (17.4%), previous MR (16.26%) and sub fertility (11.25%) were common risk factor in ectopic pregnancy found in the study. Also majority of the patients faced laparotomy followed by right sided salphinogectomy (40.40%) which was the most common operation.
Conclusion: quick diagnosis, classifying of risk factors and timely intervention in the form of surgical treatment is necessary for reduction mortality rate in ectopic pregnancy.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(2): 160-164
COVID-19 Australia: Epidemiology Report 53: Reporting period ending 24 October 2021
Authors:   COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team
Published: November 2021

This is the fifty-third epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 23:59 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 24 October 2021. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia.
INTEGRATION OF TRADITIONAL AND DISTANCE LEARNING METHODS IN HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Meteshkin Kostiantyn O. , Pomortseva Olena Ye. , Kobzan Sergii M.
Published: November 2021

In the article the researchers are exploring the integration of traditional and distance learning methods identified as a result of quarantine measures during the coronavirus in high school. The main complex contradictions are revealed. Methods and decisions of a complex problem are developed. The tendencies of the development of distance education are researched. Scientific assumptions about an educology methodology are formed. Main stages of modern educational technologies in universities are defined. The study of integration processes between traditional and distance learning is carried out. The relations between subjects and objects of the university department are learned. It was revealed that the structure of the educational process is complicated due to the use of mobile means of communication and distance forms of educational communications in it, which leads to a change in teaching methods and forms. The features of the learning processes of modern students have specific features now. The necessity of using mobile devices and new software is analyzed. Attention is drawn to the fact that not all teachers are well versed in modern means of online group communications. The basic means of group communications such as: Moodle, Zoom, Skype, Teams and others, providing remote communication of students and teachers are analyzed. The features and specificity of these means of communication are considered. Their possibilities are being studied. Results of reengineering studies at the department are presented. The results of testing student training based on modeling methods are presented too. A digital platform of knowledge models, which consists of two components is created and used. The first component is an interconnected set of models of academic disciplines developed by teachers, and the second component is the knowledge models of these disciplines that students create during their studies. Teaching methods based on integrated intelligence during pandemic in universities are made. Ways to improve learning technologies based on the use of integrated intelligence are proposed in high school.
Influenza
Authors: Hoe Nam Leong
Published: November 2021

The influenza virus is a segmented RNA virus with different mechanisms for mutations, and hence for minor (antigenic drift) and major (antigenic shift) changes.

Influenza virus A was responsible for pandemics on average every 30 years in the past, with the most recent being the 2009 swine-origin influenza A H1N1 (SO-H1N1).

The clinical picture is unspecific: seasonal or pandemic influenza cannot be differentiated from other viral respiratory infections on clinical grounds. PCR has become the standard for microbiological confirmation of the diagnosis.

Treatment options remain limited with neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir; zanamivir). Resistance may occur under treatment or under prophylaxis; however, it is still rare overall.

Vaccination is still the preferred method for prevention. However, the long lead time for production (at least 6 months) poses a challenge. Innovative new techniques like cell culture or recombinant productions are urgently needed.

Pandemic influenza vaccines for SO-H1N1 were shown to be effective and safe in children, pregnant women, adults, and also in elderly. Pre-pandemic vaccines (H5N1) are also available.
Sala de aula invertida no ensino superior de saúde: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Silva Ellen Lucena da , Santos Danielle Christine Moura dos , Lima Ana Carolina Bezerra de , Almeida Sabrina Lima de
Published: November 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar as contribuições da sala de aula invertida no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de professores e alunos da área da saúde. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática. A questão norteadora foi “Quais as contribuições da sala de aula invertida na formação em saúde?” em seguida, realizou-se a busca em quatro bases eletrônicas: a Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), a Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), a Banco de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), e a Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciElo). Foram incluídos 77 estudos. A maioria das publicações estavam relacionadas ao nível de ensino da graduação (n=57) seguido da pós graduação (especialização, residência, mestrado e doutorado) (n=20). Com utilização de sala invertida no contexto da área médica (n=55), de odontologia (n= 11), de enfermagem (n=8), de fisioterapia (n= 1), de farmácia (n=2). As principais contribuições com o ensino superior em saúde foram o aumento dos resultados de aprendizagem e da capacidade de compreensão dos assuntos, a preparação prévia para as aulas presenciais, a variabilidade de recursos tecnológicos e materiais, a possibilidade de realizar atividades didáticas interativas. Identificou-se no estudo, que a utilização da sala de aula invertida promove autonomia, estudo autodirigido e desenvolvimento de habilidades através da aprendizagem combinada. Faz-se necessário treinamentos voltados para os professores a fim de estimulá-los a utilizarem a estratégia de ensino e aprendizagem da sala de aula invertida.
Assistência farmacêutica e acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico em populações chaves acometidas por tuberculose: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Tananta Almir Leandro Feitosa , Lopes Marcos Abrantes , Santos Sabrina Lima dos , Brito Marcelo Augusto Mota , Sevalho Elison de Souza
Published: November 2021

Esta revisão teve como objetivo apresentar a importância do assistência farmacêutica e acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico pelo profissional farmacêutico com relação as populações chaves acometidos com tuberculose. Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura (RIL), sobre a assistência farmacêutica relacionada ao serviço desenvolvido pelo profissional farmacêutico. As fontes de estudos utilizadas, foram compiladas a partir das seguintes bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online. A amostra desta RIL ficou então composta por um total de 13 artigos originais que preenchem os critérios previamente determinados pelo estudo, que descrevem de forma objetiva e atualizada sobre o tema. No que diz respeito às bases de dados, (9) pertenciam ao SciELO, (1) BVS, (3) LILACS. Mais um dado interessante, pois mostra a prevalência do SciELO. A assistência farmacêutica foi considerado como imprescindível para a promoção da qualidade de vida dos usuários de antirretrovirais, por meio de um acompanhamento com orientações, esclarecimentos de dúvidas, escuta ativa, apoio, aconselhamento e monitorização do tratamento farmacológico para o uso racional dos medicamentos. Espera-se que os resultados encontrados possam nortear ações para melhorias na qualidade dos serviços prestados pelos farmacêuticos diante da TB e gerar reflexões sobre o papel desse profissional no acompanhamento do paciente com tal enfermidade.
Diferentes aspectos da resposta imunológica na COVID-19
Authors: Santos Ana Alice Reis , Paula Karen Kaori Onishi de , Marasco Bruno Fernando Daneli , Castilho Daniele Gonçalves
Published: November 2021

Durante a pandemia da COVID-19, infecção pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, o qual provoca síndrome respiratória grave. Diferente de outras infecções virais, sua resposta a inflamação diverge do comum, assim se tornou um enigma para compreender o funcionamento celular durante a resposta imunológica. Sendo assim muitos estudos permitiram iniciar a elucidação a partir das células principais, TCD4, TCD8, Linfócitos B e Anticorpos. Esta revisão tem como objetivo buscar em artigos e pesquisas cientificas relacionadas ao tema, via bases de dados como: Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, Medline, The New England Journal of Medicine e Scielo, textos relacionados às características gerais do COVID-19 e a imunologia relacionada à infecção pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2. Embora mais estudos sejam necessários, uma imagem começou a emergir que revela que Células TCD4 +, células TCD8 + e anticorpos neutralizantes, contribuem para o controle de SARS-CoV-2 em ambos os casos não hospitalizados e hospitalizados de COVID-19. As funções específicas e cinética destes adaptativos as respostas imunes são discutidas, bem como sua interação com a imunidade inata e implicações para COVID-19 vacinas e memória imunológica contra reinfecção, deve-se lembrar que mesmo com as conclusões supracitas, hoje existem variantes do vírus, as quais fazem repensar sobre a eficácia da imunidade de rebanho e imunidade geral, pois elas podem ser mais transmissíveis e mais resistentes a vacinas. Sendo assim ressaltamos a importância de manter os cuidados relacionados a higiene e proteção, seguindo o recomendado pelas agências de saúde mundiais.
Socio-economic, social-capital, and psychological characteristics and climate change adaptive behavior of farmers in Iran
Authors: Mirzaei A , Azarm H , Yazdanpanah M , Mardani Najafabadi M
Published: November 2021

In recent years, climate change in Iran has led to frequent droughts and reduction of available water resources. Iranian farmers are extremely vulnerable to unexpected drought. Despite the undesirable impacts of climate change on their vulnerability, farmers have not sufficiently used adaptive strategies; accordingly, we investigated factors affecting farmers’ choice of adaptive strategies to lessen the consequences of climate change in Iran. We propose a framework that covers household, farm, socio-economic, social-capital, and psychological characteristics. Farmers (n = 366) in Fars province, Iran, were selected using a multistage, stratified random sampling method, and data were collected through questionnaires during 2018-2019. Considering the adaptive strategies of changing crop varieties, crop patterns, and irrigation technologies, a multinomial logit model was used. The results showed that off-farm income and access to credit had a significant positive effect on adopting costly and efficient strategies, including changing crop varieties and irrigation technologies. Moreover, our results indicated that when farmers actively participate in social groups, their beliefs and risk perception of climate change become stronger, providing greater incentives to employ adaptive strategies. This study revealed the effective role of social-capital and psychological characteristics in the adaptive behavior of farmers in Iran.
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT OF PERISHABLE FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN SYSTEMS BASED ON THE VOLATILITY OF THE LOGISTICS CYCLE
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, T Vorkut , A Gryshchyk ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, O Sopotsko ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, I Khalatska ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the theory and practice of optimizing the supply of perishable food products in the context of the concept of supply chain management, taking into account the harmonization of the economic positions of supply chain companies. The purpose of the study is to develop a method of managing the efficiency of supply chain systems of perishable food products, taking into account the variability of the logistics cycle. Object of study – the processes of managing the supply of perishable foodstuffs in the respective supply chains. The subject of the study are methods and models of managing the supply of perishable food. Research methods – systematic approach, probability theory and mathematical statistics, optimization. As a result of the conducted researches the method of managing the efficiency of supply chains of perishable foodstuffs taking into account the variability of the logistic cycle is proposed, which allows to evaluate the effectiveness of measures for the improvement of logistic, and considered in its structure of transport, servicing of supply chains of perishable foodstuffs in the context of development perishable food supplies. KEYWORDS: QUALIFIED SUPPLY PRODUCTS, SUPPLY CHAIN, LIKELY-STATISTICAL MODEL, SUPPLY MANAGEMENT, VARIABILITY.
DEFENSE STATES «SAFETY» AND «ECONOMIC SECURITY»
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, N Levkovets
Published: November 2021

The content of such categories as «security» and «economic security of the state» is analyzed in the paper, the existing approaches to their definition are considered. The essence of the economic security of the state as a state of the economy, for which stable and scientifically grounded methods of neutralizing the negative impact of internal and external threats are presented. The purpose of the article is to investigate the definition of «security» and «economic security» and to clarify its content. The object of the study is the concept of «security» and «economic security». Research methods - comparative and expert analysis, methods of historical, logical and systematic analysis. The analysis of the literature on the interpretation of economic security makes it possible to conclude that there is no consensus among economist scholars on the definition of its essence and constituent elements. Further development of market relations is impossible without studying the theoretical and methodological aspects of this problem and creating an effective mechanism for ensuring economic security, so the problem is to understand the essence of economic security and to clearly identify its constituent elements, as well as timely detection of the impact of negative threats-factors in order to create their own system economic security, which will help to avoid the devastating effects of the national economy and to ensure its competitiveness. In general agreement with the opinion of scientists, it should be emphasized that most authors, in defining the economic security of the state, only distinguish the interests of the individual, society and the state as a whole, while the interests of economic entities - enterprises that are the main link of the state's economy, are not given sufficient attention. Summarizing the opinion of economists, it can be noted that national economic security is a state of protection of interests and ties between individuals, enterprises and states against internal and external threats. KEYWORDS: SECURITY, DEFINITIONS, ECONOMIC SECURITY, ANALYSIS, CONCEPT, CONCEPTS, COMPOSITIONS, LEVELS.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF FORECASTING AND DEFINITION OF THE SIZE OF SPARE PARTS FOR AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE STATIONS WITH CONSIDERATION OF LOSS OF SALES
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, V Khavruk
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the order of formation of the mathematical model of forecasting and determination of the volume of spare parts, taking into account lost sales on the basis of actual expenses for repairs and sales through trade Object of research - system of inventory management of car maintenance stations Purpose of the study - to carry out research of mathematical model of forecasting and determination of spare parts volume taking into account lost sales and to find out the main components of it. Method of the study - the analysis and formalization: quantitative indicators of automobile parts reserves, methods of forming components and parameters of a mathematical model. It is established that the methodology of constructing a mathematical model involves the formalization of the main processes of the cost of automotive spare parts. The mathematical model includes the costs of spare parts: 1) for repairs of cars; 2) through the sale of a spare part in a shop operating at a service station. It was found out that in order to take into account the lost sales of spare parts, it is necessary to clearly register customer inquiries, indicating the factory catalogs of spare parts numbers, their number. In this case, in case of the need for a spare part and its presence in the warehouse of the enterprise, the client refuses to purchase, then such a requirement is not taken into account as dissatisfied. The construction of a mathematical multiplicative model of prediction and determination of the amount of spare parts based on lost sales in which the value of the seasonal component is not a constant, but represents a certain proportion of the trend value. The formulas for determining the need for spare parts in a multiplicative model based on parabolic, linear trends of demand and seasonal variation are considered and given. The importance of the seasonal component in the mathematical model of forecasting is substantiated; it is a factor of forecasting error, it allows to find out the causes of fluctuations and to calculate the insurance stock of parts. To calculate the seasonal component, a method of correction of the trend equation with an asymmetric seasonal wave is presented. The results of the article can be used to increase the efficiency of inventory management at both technical maintenance stations of cars and any subjects of entrepreneurial activity, in the case when there is a problem of dissatisfied consumer demand. Forecast assumptions about the object of study - the specification of the model for determining the volume of spare parts by studying the seasonal fluctuations in demand and studying the main trends in the development of car service services and the existing model range of cars, their age composition. KEYWORDS: DETAIL, SPARE PARTS, PROBABILITY, QUANTITY, MODEL, VOLUME, PERIOD, DEMAND, NEED, FORECAST, SALE, IMPLEMENTATION, EQUATION, SERIES, SEASONAL VARIATION, TREND.
INNOVATION ENTERPRISE AND INNOVATION ENTERPRISE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, O Shevchenko , H Lavryk ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, G Dmytrychenko-Kuleba ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

The object of study is an innovative enterprise and an enterprise with innovation. The purpose of the work is to analyze and differentiate the concepts of «innovation enterprise» and «enterprise with innovation». Research method - method of comparison, method of analysis. To date, the concept of innovative enterprise is not fully formed, the opinions of scientists on this issue are characterized by ambiguity and controversy. In order to understand in more detail what an innovative enterprise is, we suggest comparing it with the enterprises that use innovation in their activities and to analyze the common and opposite features, and to consider the similarity and difference between them through the concepts of innovation and to what extent affect the delimitation of the respective enterprises. Therefore, in the context of economic knowledge, innovation plays a significant role. Innovation is increasingly becoming a critical prerequisite for developing a highly productive, competitive and growing economy that is able to generate high value-added exports of goods and services and integrate into global value chains. KEYWORDS: INNOVATION, INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY, INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISE, ENTERPRISE WITH INNOVATION, INNOVATIVE-ACTIVE.
Gabor Filter Selection and Computational Processing for Emotion Recognition
Authors: Coşkun Erhan , Elson Torran , Lim Sean , Mathews James , Morris Gruff , Nowaczyk Nikolai , Prońko Rafal , Nima Raanes Patrick , Kofoed Wind David
Published: November 2021

CrowdEmotion produce software to measure a person's emotions based on analysis of microfacial expressions using a machine learning algorithm to recognize which features correspond with which emotions. The features are derived by applying a bank of Gabor filters to a set of frames. CrowdEmotion needed to improve the accuracy, processing speed and cost-efficiency of the tool. In particular they wanted to know if a subset of the bank of Gabor filters was sufficient, and whether the image filtering stage could be implemented on a GPU. A framework for choosing the optimum set of Gabor filters was established and ways of reducing the dimensionality of this were interrogated. Taking a subset of Local Binary Patterns was found to be fully justified. Meanwhile choosing a gridding pattern is open to interpretation; some suggestions were made about how this choice might be improved.
Modelling InSb Czochralski Growth
Authors: Bohun Sean
Published: November 2021

A model of Czrochralski crystal growth is presented that reduces the issue of finding the temperature distribution as a Stefan problem. From the temperature distribution the corresponding distribution of thermal stress inside the growing crystal can be computed. This work will allow the rapid simulation of a variety of crystal growing strategies which would be prohibitively expensive in an experimental setting.
VTR: A Web Tool for Identifying Analogous Contacts on Protein Structures and Their Complexes
Authors: Pimentel Vitor , Mariano Diego , Cantão Letícia Xavier Silva , Bastos Luana Luiza , Fischer Pedro , de Lima Leonardo Henrique Franca , Fassio Alexandre Victor , Melo-Minardi Raquel Cardoso de
Published: November 2021

Evolutionarily related proteins can present similar structures but very dissimilar sequences. Hence, understanding the role of the inter-residues contacts for the protein structure has been the target of many studies. Contacts comprise non-covalent interactions, which are essential to stabilize macromolecular structures such as proteins. Here we show VTR, a new method for the detection of analogous contacts in protein pairs. The VTR web tool performs structural alignment between proteins and detects interactions that occur in similar regions. To evaluate our tool, we proposed three case studies: we 1) compared vertebrate myoglobin and truncated invertebrate hemoglobin; 2) analyzed interactions between the spike protein RBD of SARS-CoV-2 and the cell receptor ACE2; and 3) compared a glucose-tolerant and a non-tolerant β-glucosidase enzyme used for biofuel production. The case studies demonstrate the potential of VTR for the understanding of functional similarities between distantly sequence-related proteins, as well as the exploration of important drug targets and rational design of enzymes for industrial applications. We envision VTR as a promising tool for understanding differences and similarities between homologous proteins with similar 3D structures but different sequences. VTR is available at http://bioinfo.dcc.ufmg.br/vtr.
Development of a Machine Learning Classifier for Brain Tumors Diagnosis Based on DNA Methylation Profile
Authors: Chen Yuxing , Yan Yixin , Xu Moping , Chen Wen , Lin Jinyu , Zhao Yan , Wu Junze , Wang Xianlong
Published: November 2021

Background: More than 150 types of brain tumors have been documented. Accurate diagnosis is important for making appropriate therapeutic decisions in treating the diseases. The goal of this study is to develop a DNA methylation profile-based classifier to accurately identify various kinds of brain tumors.

Methods: Thirteen datasets of DNA methylation profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, of which GSE90496 and GSE109379 were used as the training set and the validation set, respectively, and the remaining 11 sets were used as the independent test set. The random forest algorithm was used to select the CpG sites based on the importance of the features and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model was trained to classify the samples. Deconvolution with the debCAM package was used to explore the cellular composition difference among tumors.

Results: From training datasets with 2,801 samples, 396,568 CpG sites were retained after preprocessing, of which 767 were selected as the modeling features. A three-layer MLP model was developed, which consists of 1,320 nodes in the hidden layer, to predict the histological types of brain tumors. The prediction accuracy is 99.2, 87.0, and 96.58%, respectively, on the training, validation and test sets. The results of deconvolution analysis showed that the cell proportions of different tumor subtypes were different, and it is approximately enough to distinguish different tumor entities.

Conclusion: We developed a classifier that is robust for the classification of central nervous system tumors, and tried to analyze the reasons for the classification performance.
Establishment of Functional Liver Spheroids From Human Hepatocyte-Derived Liver Progenitor-Like Cells for Cell Therapy
Authors: Liu Wen-Ming , Zhou Xu , Chen Cai-Yang , Lv Dong-Dong , Huang Wei-Jian , Peng Yuan , Wu Hong-Ping , Chen Yi , Tang Dan , Guo Li-Na , Wang Xiu-Li , Zhang Hong-Dan , Liu Xiao-Hua , Yang Li-Qun , Yu Wei-Feng , Yan He-Xin
Published: November 2021

Globally, about two million people die from liver diseases every year. Liver transplantation is the only reliable therapy for severe end-stage liver disease, however, the shortage of organ donors is a huge limitation. Human hepatocytes derived liver progenitor-like cells (HepLPCs) have been reported as a novel source of liver cells for development of in vitro models, cell therapies, and tissue-engineering applications, but their functionality as transplantation donors is unclear. Here, a 3-dimensional (3D) co-culture system using HepLPCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was developed. These HepLPC spheroids mimicked the cellular interactions and architecture of mature hepatocytes, as confirmed through ultrastructure morphology, gene expression profile and functional assays. HepLPCs encapsulated in alginate beads are able to mitigate liver injury in mice treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCL4), while alginate coating protects the cells from immune attack. We confirmed these phenomena due to HUVECs producing glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to promote HepLPCs maturation and enhance HepLPCs tight junction through MET phosphorylation. Our results display the efficacy and safety of the alginate microencapsulated spheroids in animal model with acute liver injury (ALF), which may suggest a new strategy for cell therapy.