bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Energy Network by Naturally Farming of Chlorophyll-bearing Algae: Effects of Culture Condition Changes for the Yield of Microalgae
Authors: Kobayashi Naoto
Published: April 2020

In this study, basic cultivation experiments were performed on microalgae Desmodesmus sp, then, the experiment results were deductively expanded, and the use of paddy in the off-season for farmers is advocated. As a result of the continuous culture experiments using 100 mL test tubes, 101.3 mg dry biomass was harvested in the aeration culture using the BG-11 medium. In the aeration culture with mixing CO2, the maximum harvest was obtained under the 10%-CO2 concentration. Considering about CO2 concentration, the condition of 1%-CO2 was superior in CO2 use efficiency. Based on the changes in the pH of the medium, algae such as Desmodesmus sp exchanges ions between the inside of the cell and the surrounding environment, and changes the surrounding environment in order to adapt themselves. In the proforma calculation of second crops in paddy fields, 26.4 million tons dry biomass is harvested in 120 days long of culture a year. Considering that the harvested dry biomass amount, 187 × 106 GJ power energy is obtained by burning them. This amount of energy corresponds to about 5.2% of total electricity.
Impact of Inadequate Bowel Cleansing on Colonoscopic Findings in Routine Screening Practice
Authors: Niedermaier Tobias , Amitay Efrat L. , Gies Anton , Weigl Korbinian , Hoffmeister Michael , Brenner Hermann
Published: April 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Colonoscopy is an imperfect gold standard for detecting colorectal neoplasms because some proportion of adenomas may be missed, mainly small lesions. This proportion is expected to be higher in case of inadequate bowel cleansing, which is frequently seen in routine practice. We estimated the proportions of neoplasms that are in principle detectable by colonoscopy but might be missed in case of incomplete bowel preparation.

METHODS:

For 8,193 participants of screening colonoscopy in South-Western Germany, recruited between 2005 and 2016, the prevalence and numbers of different findings were extracted from colonoscopy reports and compared according to the reported bowel preparation quality.

RESULTS:

Bowel preparation quality was reported as good, poor, or was unspecified in 30.3%, 11.1%, and 58.6% of colonoscopy records. Reported prevalences of nonadvanced adenomas (NAAs) were similar among participants with poor and unspecified bowel preparation quality but substantially lower than among participants with good bowel preparation (adjusted prevalence rate ratio [RR] 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77–0.96). The differences were observed for proximal but not for distal NAAs (RRs 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71–0.95 and 0.95, 95% CI: 0.82–1.10).

DISCUSSION:

Our study suggests that a significant proportion of NAAs located in the proximal colon might be missed during colonoscopy if bowel cleansing is not adequate. Major efforts should be made to further facilitate and enhance high-quality bowel preparation in routine screening practice.
Qualidade de cachaças artesanais produzidas com leveduras de diferentes origens
Authors: Moura José Antônio Alves de , Belisário Celso Martins , Viana Leticia Fleury , Silva Filho Márcio Pereira da , Moura Bruno Alves de
Published: April 2020

A cachaça brasileira é produzida a partir da destilação do caldo de cana-de-açúcar fermentado, possuindo graduação alcoólica entre 38 e 48%. Essa bebida possui características sensoriais peculiares, que variam de acordo com o processo produtivo. O objetivo do estudo foi produzir cachaça artesanal, com destilação em alambique de cobre, utilizando-se leveduras Saccharomyces cerevisiae comercial (Fleischmann® e Levapan®) e selecionada (CA-11), e identificar a melhor bebida de acordo com determinados parâmetros físico-químicos e sensoriais. A graduação alcoólica média das cachaças variou entre 40,30 e 45,90% (v/v). Os teores de acidez volátil, ésteres totais, metanol, furfural e cobre, estão em conformidade com a legislação vigente. A partir da análise sensorial, verificou-se maior aceitação para o atributo cor nas cachaças produzidas por leveduras comerciais. A cachaça produzida pela levedura Levapan® apresentou maior aceitabilidade para o atributo aroma, e a cachaça produzida por levedura CA-11 foi a mais aceita para os atributos sabor e impressão global. As cachaças produzidas apresentaram boa qualidade físico-química, com presença de voláteis e outros componentes dentro do estabelecido pela legislação vigente, e as produzidas com levedura selecionada foram mais bem avaliadas pelos provadores.
A Comparison of Kinetic and Kinematic Variables During the Pull From the Knee and Hang Pull, Across Loads
Authors: Meechan David , McMahon John J. , Suchomel Timothy J. , Comfort Paul
Published: April 2020

Meechan, D, McMahon, JJ, Suchomel, TJ, and Comfort, P. A comparison of kinetic and kinematic variables during the pull from the knee and hang pull, across loads. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 1819–1829, 2020—Kinetic and kinematic variables during the pull from the knee (PFK) and hang pull (HP) were compared in this study. Eighteen men (age = 29.43 ± 3.95 years; height 1.77 ± 0.08 m; body mass 84.65 ± 18.79 kg) performed the PFK and HP with 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 140% of 1-repetition maximum (1RM) power clean, in a progressive manner. Peak force (PF), mean force (MF), peak system velocity (PSV), mean system velocity (MSV), peak power (PP), mean power (MP), and net impulse were calculated from force-time data during the propulsion phase. During the HP, small-to-moderate yet significantly greater MF was observed compared with the PFK, across all loads (p ≤ 0.001; Hedges g = 0.47–0.73). Hang pull PSV was moderately and significantly greater at 100–140% 1RM (p = 0.001; g = 0.64–0.94), whereas MSV was significantly greater and of a large-to-very large magnitude compared with PFK, across all loads (p < 0.001; g = 1.36–2.18). Hang pull exhibited small to moderate and significantly greater (p ≤ 0.011, g = 0.44–0.78) PP at 100–140%, with moderately and significantly greater (p ≤ 0.001, g = 0.64–0.98) MP across all loads, compared with the PFK. Hang pull resulted in a small to moderate and significantly greater net impulse between 100 and 140% 1RM (p = 0.001, g = 0.36–0.66), compared with PFK. The results of this study demonstrate that compared with the PFK, the HP may be a more beneficial exercise to enhance force-time characteristics, especially at loads of ≥1RM.
Velocity Performance Feedback During the Free-Weight Bench Press Testing Procedure: An Effective Strategy to Increase the Reliability and One Repetition Maximum Accuracy Prediction
Authors: Jiménez-Alonso Ainara , García-Ramos Amador , Cepero Mar , Miras-Moreno Sergio , Rojas Francisco Javier , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro
Published: April 2020

Jiménez-Alonso, A, García-Ramos, A, Cepero, M, Miras-Moreno, S, Rojas, FJ, and Pérez-Castilla, A. Velocity performance feedback during the free-weight bench press testing procedure: An effective strategy to increase the reliability and one repetition maximum accuracy prediction. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 1077–1083, 2022—This study aimed to determine whether the verbal provision of velocity performance feedback during the free-weight bench press (BP) exercise influences (a) the within-session reliability and magnitude of mean concentric velocity (MCV) values recorded against a range of submaximal loads and (b) the accuracy of the individualized load-velocity profile to estimate the BP 1 repetition maximum (1RM). Fifteen men (BP 1RM relative to body mass = 1.08 ± 0.22) performed an incremental loading test until reaching the 1RM on 2 separate sessions. Subjects received verbal velocity performance feedback in 1 session (knowledge of results [KR]), and no KR was provided in another session (Control). A linear velocity transducer was used to collect the MCV against 4 loads (40-55-70-85% 1RM), and the BP 1RM was estimated from the individualized load-velocity relationship modeled through the multiple-point (40-55-70-85% 1RM) and 2-point methods (40-85% 1RM). The KR condition provided a higher reliability (coefficient of variation [CV]: KR = 2.41%, Control = 3.54%; CV ratio = 1.47) and magnitude (p = 0.001; effect size [ES] = 0.78) of MCV for the 40% 1RM, but no significant differences in reliability (CV ratio ≤1.15) nor in the magnitude (p ≥ 0.058; ES range = 0.00–0.32) were observed for higher loads. The accuracy in the estimation of the 1RM was higher for the KR (absolute errors: multiple-point = 3.1 ± 2.3 kg; 2-point = 3.5 ± 2.1 kg) compared with the Control condition (absolute errors: 4.1 ± 1.9 kg for both multiple-point and 2-point methods). These results encourage the provision of verbal velocity performance feedback during BP testing procedures.
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kemampuan Menulis Bahasa Jepang Siswa MAN 1 Magelang Dalam Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek
Authors: Fauzan Ali Reza
Published: April 2020

Abstrak___________________________________________________________________Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kemampuan menulis siswa MAN 1 Magelang dalam penerapan pembelajaran berbasis proyek. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah 27 siswa kelas XI bahasa MAN 1 Magelang yang mendaptkan mata pelajaran Bahasa Jepang. Dalam penelitian ini berfokus pada faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kemampuan menulis siswa. Penulis menggunakan angket tertutup untuk mengetahui faktor apasaja yang mempengaruhi kemampuan siswa. Angket terdiri dari 10 butir soal, yang mencakup faktor internal dan faktor eksternal yang dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan siswa. Selain itu penulis juga melakukan wawancara dengan guru pengampu untuk mengkonfirmasi jawaban angket siswa. Faktor internal adalah faktor yang terjadi karena dari dalam diri siswa itu sendiri, sedangkan faktor eksternal adalah faktor dari luar siswa. Kemudian penulis menghitung hasil angket tersebut untuk mencari tingkatan skala persentase jawaban dan ditampilkan dalam tabel persentase. Beserta hasil wawancara dengan guru pengampu.
Sak Uwong Sak Uwit for Environmental Protection Based on Local Wisdom: An Environmental Law Reform in Indonesia
Authors: Kusumo Ridwanto Ardi , Kurnianto Anang Wahyu
Published: April 2020

The research is examines the local wisdom values of Sak Uwong Sak Uwit as environmental protection in the context of local regulation. After the issuance of the regulation, of course it must be understood how the implementation of the regulation and how to supervise the implementation of this policy in Pegandon Village, Pegandon District, Kendal Regency. This research is a sociological juridical research with a qualitative approach, with research locations in Kendal District Community and Village Empowerment Agency and Pegandon Village. The technique of checking the validity of the data uses source triangulation and technique triangulation techniques. Analysis of the data used is an interactive analysis model. This study concluded that, first, in Pegandon Village running the program of Sak Uwong Sak Uwit (SUSU) or One Man One Tree was only at the beginning of the year, because of its lack of approval by the people who had to bear the burden of costs, non-existent planting land and management of unclear results. Then, the second shows that the lack of seriousness of the Regional Government in terms of guidance and supervision of this program has an impact on the Implementation of the Sak Uwong Sak Uwit (SUSU) Local Regulation.
Law Enforcement on Fisheries Crime After the Enactment of Law Number 45 of 2009: A Normative Analysis
Authors: Susanto Joko , Masyhar Ali
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Indonesia is one of a country which have two geographical form as the characteristics, one as archipelago and one as a mainland country. Indonesia is located between two continent, Asia and Australia Continent and also by two ocean, Pacific and Hindian Sea which are very wide. Indonesia is a big and important archipelago country with the islands. We realized that in the Indonesian region there are so many resources which can sustain life and the people of Indonesia. This potential can cause natural disaster if the management does not paying attention to the limitation of the natural capability, for example the sea exploration and exploitation with the use of unmodern tools. It is undeniable that in the management of natural fisheries resources there are still violation by the unresponsible parties in that field. The violation can cause bad for the fisheries ecosystem in our country. The impact will reduce the fisheries resource in which could have been managed for the beneficial of the people. One of the matters that will be discussed in this article is about the philosophical juridical foundation about natural resource, knowing the normative review in the field of fisheries, element of criminal liability, modes of operation in fisheries crime, as well as the knowledge about the advantages and disadvantages of fisheries law change. However, in order to protect the national wealth in form of fisheries resources it is required that the government take action in preserving natural resources. In this case the role of law is very important, especially criminal and civil law as a media to control and prevent the action that can disturb the management and preservation of the fish resources and environment. In law number 31 year 2004 jo. Law number 45 year 2009 concerning fisheries, provides clarity and legal certainty towards law enforcement for criminal offense in the field of fisheries, which includes investigation, prosecution and examination at the court hearing. Suggestion in this article are legal rules regarding the law of fisheries which is still valid at the moment must be reconstructed and renewed so that the law enforcement authorities are more able to increase the supervisition and action in the Indonesian sea. Including the need of pulic attitude and awareness towards the law especially in the field of fisheries.
Comparative Analysis of Dempster-Shafer Method and Certainty Factor Method On Personality Disorders Expert Systems
Authors: Yuwono Doddy Teguh , Fadlil Abdul , Sunardi Sunardi
Published: April 2020

Kepribadian adalah sifat dan kebiasaan seseorang yang membedakannya dari orang lain. Identifikasi gangguan kepribadian penting untuk semua orang. Kondisi kepribadian yang mencerminkan kondisi mental yang sehat. Namun, tidak bagi manusia untuk tidak bisa menerima tekanan pada diri sendiri. Dalam beberapa kasus, banyak orang ingin melakukan pengujian dengan sumber daya yang cukup dan verifikasi yang sesuai. Untuk mengatasinya, diperlukan tes validasi untuk metode deteksi cacat. Metode yang mendukung validasi adalah Metode Dempster-Shafer dengan Metode Faktor Kepastian.Analisis validasi dilakukan pada metode Dempster-Shafer dengan metode Certainty Factor karena menimbang nilai kerusakan kedua metode ini diperlukan dari data hipotesis atau perubahan dalam bentuk data simptom. Analisis validasi dilakukan pada nilai bobot yang dihasilkan untuk setiap metode yang diterapkan. Dari hasil analisis validasi, nilai bobot yang diperoleh dengan metode Demp-ster-Shafer dapat menghasilkan nilai bobot yang lebih akurat.
Speed and Power Consumption Comparison between DES and AES Algorithm in Arduino
Authors: Sukiatmodjo Arcelina , Setianto YB Dwi
Published: April 2020

Telemedicine is commonly used to check or diagnose patients from a long distance. Its application is often combined with sensors as needed, but for delivery, a cryptography algorithm is needed so the data sent safely, illegible, and can not be changed by unauthorized people. Besides that, the algorithm must be light, fast and use less power. In this study, a comparison of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithms will be implemented in the encryption module. Data from the sensor encrypted and sent to the server. The time and power consumption by DES will be compared with AES. From this research, we can conclude that the encryption time of AES is faster than DES. The average difference speed is 33413 microseconds. Then the power consumption by AES and DES does not have any significant difference, and the addition of sensors causes additional power as well.
Automatic Detection of Motorcycle on the Road using Digital Image Processing
Authors: Sutikno Sutikno , Wibawa Helmie Arif , Saputra Ragil
Published: April 2020

Traffic accident is one of the causes of death in the world. One of them is traffic accidents on motorcyclist not wearing helmets. To overcome this problem, several researchers have developed detection system of motorcyclist not wear helmet. This system consists of motorcycle detection and motorcyclist head detection. On motorcycle detection, accuracy still needs to be improved. For this reason, this paper proposed motorcycle detection by adding image improvement processes that are enhancing contrast and adding object positioning features.The techniques proposed in this study are divided into 3 stages of image enhancement, feature extraction, and classification. The image enhancement stage consists of enhance contrast, convert RGB image to gray scale, background subtraction, convert gray scale image to binary, closing operation, and small object removal. The features used in this paper are the features of the object area, the circumference of the object, and the location of the object, while the method for classification process using back-propagation neural network and SVM. The proposed method resulted in an accuracy of 96.97%. Error occurs in all image test data not motorcycle objects detected as motorcycle objects. This error is caused because the pixel value between the objects in the image with the background color has a level of difference is too small, so it is detected as an object not a motorcycle.
Environmental and geographic-historical aspects expansion analysis of burial places in Moscow
Authors: Golovachyova Irina
Published: April 2020

The article is dedicated to development of burial places in Moscow. Historical – geographical aspects of burial places locations are reviewed. Some interactive maps on burial places locations are developed. An environmental analysis of burial places in Moscow and their surroundings is given. Differences between new and old burial places are reviewed. Question of sanitary and hygiene of burial places are covered. Dynamics of burial places development in Moscow is provided. Conclusion that a burial place can be used for a long time is given (soils of Moscow have high capacity of organic treatment). At the same time very high population of Moscow does not allow to keep moderate burial level and Moscow is surrounded by burial places which interact with near by Moscow region cities.
Wholesale trade of consumer cooperation in the system of goods movement of the country
Authors: Arustamov Eduard
Published: April 2020

In the beginning of article the essence and value of process of commodity movement is considered, the role of trade in it, including trade of consumer cooperation is revealed. Further in the article the role of wholesale trade in the sphere of commodity circulation is considered. Their intermediary role between the spheres of material production and consumption of goods is emphasized. The theoretical essence of wholesale and retail trade in the process of commodity movement is revealed. Further the sequence of development of theoretical validity of these economic categories in various periods of formation of domestic science is considered. According to the author, wholesale trade is a type of entrepreneurial activity in the field of trade associated with the sale of goods by manufacturers or Resellers for further use in retail trade or for professional use. In the context of the study of wholesale trade in the system of consumer cooperation, we prefer the first part of this definition.
Model analysis and optimization of operating rates of enterprises with small-series production type
Authors: Matveeva Elena , Simagina Svetlana
Published: April 2020

The article deals with issues surrounding the production management of enterprise with small-series production type. Specific features of small-series production are determined. Task complex defined by initial production phase comes under review. Problem of calculation, analysis and optimization of machine load is covered in depth. It is assumed that machine load calculating task will minimize potencial stress of production plan and maximize workplace capacity. Calculations are carried out for each type of work for the required period (year, month, week, etc.) for the whole enterprise, workshops, production areas, workplaces. The labor intensity for each workplace and usage coefficient are calculated. The analysis of obtained indexes is the basis for redistribution of the workload capacity.
Status and development prospects of the tourist and recreational complex of the Republic of Buryatia
Authors: Arustamov Eduard , Volgin Aleksandr , Krylov Petr , Shilʹnov Aleksandr
Published: April 2020

This article is devoted to the disclosure of the huge resources for the development of recreation and tourism in the territory of Buryatia. It is considered as one of the main strategic directions of the republic’s activity, designed to ensure the solution of the problems of sustainable socio-economic development of the region, increase the welfare of citizens, ensure employment. It is noted that according to the Ministry of Tourism of the Republic of Buryatia and the Federal Agency for Tourism, the number of Russian and foreign tourists visiting the Republic of Buryatia has grown significantly. The volume of hotel and paid sanatorium and recreation services to the population during the period under review was characterized mainly by moderate growth. The dynamics of the volume of borrowed funds from off-budget sources of financing of projects in the tourism sector in the Republic of Buryatia quite fully takes into account the current situation with the activities of project investors. The article contains recommendations on how to further develop the recreational and tourist sector of the region’s economy.
Real-World Outcomes Among Older Mexican Women with Breast Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Cabrera-Galeana Paula , Soto-Perez-de-Celis Enrique , Reynoso-Noveron Nancy , Villarreal-Garza Cynthia , Lara-Medina Fernando , Alvarado-Miranda Alberto , Espinosa-Fernandez José Rodrigo , Esparza-Arias Nereida , Mohar Alejandro , Bargallo-Rocha Juan Enrique
Published: April 2020

Background

Older patients with breast cancer treated in high-income countries often present with early-stage disease, leading to a lack of information on the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in this population. We analyzed the real-world outcomes of older women with breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy at a single institution in Mexico.

Materials and Methods

The study included 2,216 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Regarding achievement of pathologic complete response (defined as no invasive residual tumor in the breast and lymph nodes), 243 patients aged ≥65 years were compared with 1,973 patients aged <65 years. Disease-free survival and overall survival were compared between groups according to pathologic complete response and subtype, defined by hormone receptor and human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2) status.

Results

Older women were less likely to have a pathologic complete response than their younger counterparts (26.3 vs. 35.3%, p < .001). When response rates by subtype were analyzed, this difference was significant only for women with triple-negative tumors. Achieving less than a pathologic complete response was associated with a greater chance of recurrence, but age was not an independent factor for recurrence for any subtype. Reaching a pathologic complete response was significantly associated with improved survival among older women with breast cancer, with the exception of those with hormone receptor–positive, HER2− disease.

Conclusion

Although older women have fewer pathological complete responses, their outcomes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are comparable to those of younger patients. This is particularly relevant for the treatment of older adults with breast cancer in developing countries, who present in advanced stages and more often need neoadjuvant therapy.

Implications for Practice

The majority of older patients with breast cancer in high-income countries present with early-stage disease, leading to a lack of information regarding the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in real-world settings. This article reports the outcomes of older Mexican women with breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared with their younger counterparts. Although older women (particularly those with triple-negative tumors) were less likely to have a pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant treatment, age was not an independent factor for recurrence. Achieving a pathologic complete response was associated with improved survival, regardless of age.
Impact of Treatment Beyond Progression with Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Merryman Reid W. , Carreau Nicole A. , Advani Ranjana H. , Spinner Michael A. , Herrera Alex F. , Chen Robert , Tomassetti Sarah , Ramchandren Radhakrishnan , Hamid Muhammad , Assouline Sarit , Santiago Raoul , Wagner-Johnston Nina , Paul Suman , Svoboda Jakub , Bair Steven M. , Barta Stefan K. , Liu Yang , Nathan Sunita , Karmali Reem , Burkart Madelyn , Torka Pallawi , David Kevin A. , Wei Catherine , Lansigan Frederick , Emery Lukas , Persky Daniel , Smith Sonali M. , Godfrey James , Chavez Julio , Cohen Jonathan B. , Troxel Andrea B. , Diefenbach Catherine , Armand Philippe
Published: April 2020

Atypical response patterns following immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) led to the concept of continuation of treatment beyond progression (TBP); however, the longitudinal benefit of this approach is unclear. We therefore performed a retrospective analysis of 64 patients treated with ICB; 20 who received TBP (TBP cohort) and 44 who stopped ICB at initial progression (non-TBP cohort). The TBP cohort received ICB for a median of 4.7 months after initial progression and delayed subsequent treatment by a median of 6.6 months. Despite receiving more prior lines of therapy, the TBP cohort achieved longer progression-free survival with post-ICB treatment (median, 17.5 months vs. 6.1 months, p = .035) and longer time-to-subsequent treatment failure, defined as time from initial ICB progression to failure of subsequent treatment (median, 34.6 months vs. 9.9 months, p = .003). With the limitations of a retrospective study, these results support the clinical benefit of TBP with ICB for selected patients.
GENÇ KADIN FUTBOL OYUNCULARINDA ÇEVİKLİK, SÜRAT VE REAKSİYON SÜRATİ PARAMETRELERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ARI Erdal , İNCE Alparslan - , ÇAKMAK Ercan
Published: April 2020

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, genç kadın futbol oyuncularının çeviklik, sürat ve reaksiyon
sürati parametreleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya Türkiye
Kadınlar Futbol 3. Liginde mücadele eden bir futbol kulübünde futbol oynayan 18
amatör genç futbol oyuncusu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır (n=18, yaş: 17,50±1,38
yıl, boy uzunluğu=161,71±5,03 cm, vücut ağırlığı=55,86±9,50 kg). Oyuncuların
çeviklik değerini belirlemek için çeviklik T testi, sürat değerlerini
belirlemek için 10, 30 ve 40 m sürat testleri, görsel ve işitsel reaksiyon
sürati değerlerini belirlemek için ışık ve ses uyaranlarına karşı reaksiyon
verilmesini gerektiren basit reaksiyon sürati testleri uygulanmıştır.
Testlerden elde edilen çeviklik, sürat ve reaksiyon sürati değerleri arasındaki
ilişkileri belirlemek için, korelasyon analizi tekniği kullanılmış ve parametreler
arası ilişkiler Pearson korelasyon katsayısıyla belirlenmiştir. Analiz
sonuçlarına göre, genç kadın futbol oyuncularının 10 m sürat değerleriyle
dominant el işitsel reaksiyon sürati değerleri arasında istatistiksel açıdan
anlamlı düzeyde bir ilişki belirlenmiş (r=0,489, p<0,05), diğer parametreler
arasındaki Pearson korelasyon katsayıları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
bulunmamıştır. Reaksiyon sürati değerlerinin kendi arasındaki korelasyon
katsayılarına göre, dominant el görsel reaksiyon sürati değerleriyle dominant
olan ve dominant olmayan el işitsel reaksiyon sürati değerleri arasındaki
ilişki istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bulunurken, dominant olmayan el görsel
reaksiyon sürati değerlerinin ise sadece dominant olmayan el işitsel reaksiyon
sürati değerleriyle istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı düzeyde bir ilişkiye sahip
olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, genç kadın futbol
oyuncularında 10 m sürat değerleriyle dominant el işitsel reaksiyon sürati
değerleri arasındaki ilişki haricinde çeviklik, sürat ve reaksiyon sürati
parametreleri arasında ilişki bulunamadığı ve bu durumun parametreler üzerinde
etkili olan fizyolojik ve motorik mekanizmaların farklılaşmasından
kaynaklanabileceği söylenebilir.
Pillowcase & rubber band DIY face mask v3
Authors: Turnsek Jernej
Published: April 2020

Wearing a face mask helps stop the spread of the new coronavirus. This protocol describes a very simple way to make one at home using a cotton pillowcase, a (coffee) filter, 2 rubber bands, and a minute of your time. Useful additional resources: 1/ Video protocol for a related alternative. 2/ More DIY face mask ideas provided by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 3/ Pillowcase alternatives and strategies to improve/modify (the effectiveness of) your DIY face mask. 4/ Discussion on sneeze/cough droplet ballistics and why wearing a mask, even a DIY cloth-based one without filters, matters.
Sectioning Rat Heart v1
Authors: Robbins Shaina , Nieves Sean
Published: April 2020

This is the straightforward procedure we follow when sectioning rat heart.
BioMark Single Cell Protocol (Two-Step RTSTA) v1
Authors: Robbins Shaina , Moss Alison , Nieves Sean
Published: April 2020

This protocol utilizes Fluidigm's Biomark system which performs high-throughput real-time PCR that can assay 48 or 96 genes for 48 or 96 samples respectfully. This protocol is used for gene expression targeting samples at the single-cell scale and can be used with the 48.48 Dynamic Array integrated fluidic circuit (IFC) or the 96.96 Dynamic Array IFC. Note that this protocol assumes that single-cell samples are captured using the Arcturus Laser Capture Microdissection system.
Single Nucleus Drop-seq (snDrop-seq) v1
Authors: Chen Song , B. Lake Blue , Urata Sarah , Zhang Kun
Published: April 2020

The protocol presented here is a Drop-Seq protocol modified for single nuclei. The original Drop-Seq protocol comes from the McCarroll Lab in the Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School. http://mccarrolllab.org/download/905/
Modern Concepts in Russian Constitutional Law
Authors: Dudko I. G.
Published: April 2020

The change of the scientific paradigm in Russian jurisprudence is accompanied by the affirmation of pluralism in a legal science. The paper has highlighted that the modern Russian constitutional theory seeks to express itself in the problems of ontological and axiological foundations, claiming to form an integral ”constitutional philosophy.”

Constitutional axiology represents one of the most significant concepts of constitutionalism. Constitutional axiology is built as a field of scientific reflection (the nature, content, system of constitutional values). From these standpoints, the author provides for the assessment of law-enforcement carried out by the body of constitutional justice. The paper recognizes the high importance of research of constitutional law from the axiological point of view.

The author has concluded that constitutional values as a reflection and expression of the “charter” of the life of the society (“protoconstitutional”) represent objectivated systemic totality functioning as the ultimate goal of constitutional development. Constitutional values represent concepts that must correspond to the social and spiritual environment of the society and the purpose of the State.

The paper critically assesses the concept of a “living constitution” in its Russian interpretation as the constitutional and appraisal activity of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation with regard to “generation” of constitutional values. It is noted that the result of the work of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation expressed in its legal determinations, can not represent other (“generated” by it) constitutional values except those contained in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. “Transformation” of the content and legal attitudes and meanings of the Constitution, constitutional values without changing the text of the Constitution may lead to “distortions” of the essence of the Constitution and intent for the Constitution to be an act with the highest legal force.
Significance of Prof. Ekaterina I. Kozlova’s Academic Legacy for the Modern Understanding of the Legislative Process and Legislation
Authors: Narutto S. V.
Published: April 2020

The paper deals with the issues of law-making development in the context of actual ideas of Prof. Ekaterina I. Kozlova with regard to the place of a legislative body in the system of state power, order and the results of its activities, the problems of limits of legislative regulation and the politicization of legislation leading to a decline in the quality of laws. The author substantiates the conclusion that the expansion of legislative regulation creates problems, including conflict-of-laws rules, legal uncertainty, numerous references to regulation carried out through bylaws. Excessive legislative regulation leads to restriction of human rights and freedoms, hinders democratic processes. At the same time, the existence of gaps in the legislative material leads to arbitrary interpretation and unlimited discretion of the enforcement.

Prof. Kozlova’s works have been developed in the modern scientific doctrine of parliamentarism, federal legislative process and legislation, public control.
‘Amerikan Güzeli’ Filminin Akılcı Duygusal Davranışçı Terapi ve Bilişsel Terapi’nin Bazı Kavram ve Görüşleri Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: YILDIZ Yelda
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada, 1999 yılında Sam Mendes yönetmenliğinde çekilen Amerikan Güzeli (American Beauty) filminin ana karakterleri Lester Burnham, Carolyn Burnham, Jane Burnham ve Albay Frank Fitts’in genel davranışları ve önemli görülen söylemleri Akılcı Duygusal Davranışçı Terapi ve Bilişsel Terapi’nin bazı kavram ve görüşleri açısından incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma betimsel bir çalışma olup, yöntem olarak doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, bu kişilerin mantıksız inanç, düşünce ve davranışlarının fazlalılığı nedeniyle bireysel, aile ve toplumsal yaşantılarının olumsuz etkilendiği görülmüştür. Her iki ekol açısından bakıldığında, tüm karakterlerin mantıksızlığa yatkınlıkları aile bireyleri, arkadaşları, kitle iletişim araçları ve içinde yaşadıkları toplum tarafından beslenmiştir. Ruh sağlığı alanında eğitim alan ve çalışan bireylere her iki ekolün kuramsal öneminin fark ettirilmesi, derinlemesine bir anlatımının yapılabilmesi için bu çalışmada olduğu gibi film analizi yönteminin kullanılmasının ve insanların gerçek dünyalarına, kimlik arayışlarına, anlamsızlığa, yabancılaşmaya, ruhsal sorunlara odaklanan filmlerin psikolojik analizlerinin yapılmasının alana önemli katkılar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
A comparative study of hysteroscopy and transvaginal ultrasonography in diagnosis of endometrial pathology in abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Swathi Guntupalli R. , Nataraja Madhu K. , Shetty Shukla S.
Published: April 2020

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is the most common complaint in gynaecology and an important source of morbidity. The ideal diagnostic tool to determine the cause for the same continues to be debated. Objective of this study was to compare accuracy of hysteroscopy and transvaginal sonography in diagnosis of endometrial pathology in abnormal uterine bleeding.Methods: A total 100 women attending gynaecological outpatient in hospital attached to J. J. M. Medical College, Davangere with abnormal uterine bleeding fitting into the inclusion criteria during November 2014 to August 2016, were admitted and evaluated with Transvaginal sonography (TVS) and hysteroscopy. Data was collected and analysed.Results: Among 100 patients of AUB in this study, majority of the patients were in perimenopausal age group. Menorrhagia is the most common presentation (45%) followed by postmenopausal bleeding (20%). Anaemia was detected in 79% of patients. Hysteroscopy was taken as gold standard and TVS findings were compared. The sensitivity of TVS in detecting polyps, submucous fibroid were 22.2%, 11% respectively and for the normal variants like proliferative and secretory it was 50% and 79.2% respectively. TVS showed good correlation with hysteroscope findings for normal variants of endometrium, but poor correlation for intracavitary pathologies.Conclusions: Hysteroscopy is a rapid, safe, well tolerated and highly accurate means of diagnosing the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal age group. Thus, it is advised as a first line investigation in evaluation of AUB.
Study of paediatric systemic lupus erythematosus in tertiary care center in South India
Authors: S. Shashidhara V. , H. Anil Kumar , Kariyappa Mallesh
Published: April 2020

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by multisystem inflammation and the presence of circulating autoantibodies directed against self-antigens. The reported prevalence of SLE in children and adolescents (1-6/100,000) is lower than that in adults (20-70/100,000). The study among pediatric population  were few and hence this study from south India was undertaken. Objective of this study was to study the clinical and immunological profile of children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To study the Distribution of Renal Lesions according to ISN/RPS Classification of Lupus Nephritis Methods: Retrospective hospital based observational study in tertiary level centre in Bengaluru (BMCRI). Medical records of children with SLE admitted in Pediatric department from the period of 2010-2019 through the hospital information system were analyzed. Clinico pathological features and immunological profile were compared with other studies.Results: Among 25 patients studied male to female ratio was1:2.5. The mean patient’s age at the time of presentation was13.2 year, the youngest child being 7 year. The mean duration of disease before diagnosis was 1year, most common systems involved were haematological (92%), followed by kidney (88%), GIT (72%), mucocutaneous (68%) cases. 19 (91%) cases were ANA positive and two ANA negatives. Anti-ds DNA was positive in 18(85%) patients, 5 were anti smith antibody positive. Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (ISN/RPS class IV) was the most commonly seen histological pattern, seen in 9(56%) patients, 4(25%) patient had focal and segmental proliferative glomerulonephritis (ISN/RPS class III) and 2(12%) had membranous glomerulonephritis (grade ISN/RPS class V).Conclusions: SLE can present with diverse, unpredictable clinical manifestations, the primary diagnosis can often be missed if the index of suspicion is not high, since childhood SLE does not present with classical manifestations.
ALDEAMENTOS MISSIONÁRIOS NO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO E GRÃO- PARÁ (1700-1750)
Authors: Rocha Rafael Ale
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo pretende analisar a formação dos aldeamentos missionários no Estado do Maranhão e Grão-Pará (Amazônia Portuguesa) durante a primeira metade do século XVIII. O estudo está baseado em bibliografia específica e documentação diversa (fontes primárias) – especialmente as cartas patentes dos oficiais indígenas, cronistas, legislação e correspondências diversas. O estudo objetiva descrever e analisar, do ponto de vista dos atores portugueses (governadores, missionários, entre outros), a estratégia de instalação dos aldeamentos enquanto instituição de ocupação e consolidação do território colonial português numa conjuntura específica: os conflitos fronteiriços que marcaram as relações entre as potências coloniais europeias naquele rincão da América durante o período mencionado (Portugal, França, Holanda e Espanha). Em síntese, pretendemos destacar, a importância dos aldeamentos missionários e a imprescindível imbricação entre políticas indígenas (destacando-se, portanto, também a agência dos índios) e políticas indigenistas para a consolidação do império português na região.
MODOS DE VIVER: A ADMINISTRAÇÃO PORTUGUESA E A LEGISLAÇÃO INDIGENISTA NA AMAZÔNIA (1680 – 1757)
Authors: Ferreira André Luís Bezerra
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho analisa a relação da administração portuguesa e a implantação da legislação indigenista na Amazônia, entre os anos de 1680-1757. Busco compreender como a promulgação das diversas leis que regulamentaram as formas de arregimentação da mão de indígena, livre ou escrava e suas inserções nas dinâmicas coloniais, se constituiu em um modus vivendi entre os missionários, autoridades administrativas, moradores e os próprios nativos.
PROPAGANDA INSTITUCIONAL ACERCA DA SUSTENTABILIDADE EMPRESARIAL: ANÁLISE DA CONSTRUÇÃO DISCURSIVA EM PEÇAS PUBLICITÁRIAS
Authors: Andrade Marta Cardoso de , Castro Hélder Uzêda
Published: April 2020

Analisar o discurso organizacional em quatro peças oriundas da Propaganda Institucional (PI) de um Instituto, cujo negócio versa sobre à promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável e do bem-estar social, é o objetivo deste trabalho. Assim, este estudo focou na Responsabilidade Ambiental (RA), um dos pilares da Sustentabilidade Empresarial (SE), e em investigar como este discurso é construído para persuadir e sensibilizar o leitor/co-enunciador a adquirir um posicionamento pró-ambiente. Para tanto, estudou-se a construção do ethos organizacional (via léxico e argumentos) e a embreagem textual presentes nessas peças publicitários. Foi utilizado como aporte teórico os pressupostos da: SE (focando-se na RA), da PI e da Análise do Discurso (AD) de linha francesa, esta última também constitui a metodologia seguida para o exame do material selecionado. Na AD, teoria e metodologia são indissociáveis, isto é, só é possível se falar em metodologia envolvendo os elementos teóricos. Igualmente, para se empreender esta pesquisa, foram realizados dois tipos de análises: a dos dados linguísticos e a dos argumentos usados nas produções textuais examinadas.
Diagnosis of small airway dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Cherniak A. V. , Savushkina O. I. , Pashkova T. L. , Kryukov E. V.
Published: April 2020

Background: Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is a functional hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, SAD prevalence and its role in COPD pathophysiology are not yet sufficiently studied.

Background: Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is a functional hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, SAD prevalence and its role in COPD pathophysiology are not yet sufficiently studied.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of SAD in COPD patients by various functional diagnostic methods, such as spirometry, body plethysmography, and impulse oscillometry (IOS).

Materials and methods: This was an cross-sectional study. Spirometry, body plethysmography and IOS were used in 132 COPD patients in remission under standard anti-COPD treatments. The presence of SAD was confirmed by at least one of the following criteria or their combination: 1) by spirometry: the difference between vital capacity (VC) and forced vital capacity (FVC) > 10%; 2) the presence of air trapping by body plethysmography; 3) identification of the frequency dependence of the resistive resistance at 5 to 20 Hz (R5 - R20 > 0.07 kPa x s/l), as assessed by IOS.

Results: Mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was 42.9% of predicted. Depending on the severity of the obstruction, the patients were divided into 4 groups: 7 patients (group 1) had the obstruction corresponding to GOLD 1 stage, 37 (group 2) to GOLD 2, 49 (group 3) to GOLD 3, and 39 (group 4) to GOLD 4. SAD was found in 96% of COPD patients, whereas in those with severe obstruction (GOLD 3-4), it was present in 100% of the cases. By spirometry, SAD was identified only in 67% of COPD patients, by body plethysmography in 75% of COPD patients (in those with severe obstruction (GOLD 3 and 4) in 88 and 97%, respectively). With IOS, it was possible to identify SAD in 94% of patients and in 100% of those with severe obstruction (GOLD 3-4).

Conclusion: With deterioration of obstructive pulmonary ventilation abnormalities in COPD patients, there is a progressive increase in small airway dysfunction. Impulse oscillometry seems to be the most effective method for diagnosis of small airway dysfunction, as it helped to identify SAD in 94% of COPD patients and in 100% of those with severe and very severe obstruction.
Biochar Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohol /Corn Starch Biocomposites
Authors: Terzioğlu Pınar , Parın Fatma Nur
Published: April 2020

The utilization of biochar in polymer composites can be considered as a sustainable approach that provide valorization of a waste to a value-added material and at the same time diminish biowaste in a smart way. This study is focused on the evaluation of biochar as a filler in polyvinyl alcohol /corn starch composites. The composites were prepared via solution mixing and casting method using citric acid as a plasticizer and glutaraldehyde as a cross-linker. Distribution of biochar in the PVA/starch matrix was evaluated by optical microscopy. The structural features of composites were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy. Effects of biochar loading ratio (0-12 wt%) on the thermal stability of the PVA/starch blends were determined by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analyses. The decomposition temperatures of the PVA/starch/biochar composites decreased in comparison to PVA/starch composites.
Determinantes físicos del estado funcional en mujeres mayores de 60 años con artrosis de rodilla
Authors: Casilda-López Jesús , Ortiz-Rubio Araceli , Torres-Sánchez Irene , Cabrera-Martos Irene , Romero-Fernández Ramón , Valenza Marie Carmen
Published: April 2020

Introducción: La afectación funcional es el aspecto que más discapacidad genera en los pacientes con artrosis de rodilla, por encima de la destrucción articular y de la afectación del movimiento. En este sentido, la funcionalidad y sus determinantes se han convertido en una prioridad para la decisión terapéutica más eficaz. Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue explorar el estado de salud y los determinsntes físicos según el nivel de independencia funcional en mujeres mayores de 60 años con diagnóstico de artrosis de rodilla. Materiales y métodos: Se desarrolló un estudio observacional de corte transversal en el que fueron incluidas un total de 126 mujeres mayores de 60 años con diagnóstico de artrosis de rodilla. Se evaluó el perfil clínico, funcional y variables físicas: fatiga, equilibrio y fuerza de miembros inferiores. Resultados: La muestra fue dividida en dos grupos según su estado  funcional: grupo con afectación funcional (n=71) y grupo sin afectación funcional (n=49). El grupo con afectación funcional presentó valores significativamente peores en las características clínicas. En las variables físicas se encontraron diferencias significativas entre grupos en el equilibrio (p<0,001) y fuerza de miembros inferiores. Conclusiones: El estado funcional se encuentra influido por los determinantes físicos.