bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cooperative Practices to Enhance the Quality of Work-Integrated Learning at Nong Khai Technical College
Authors: Sarapoom Chatchawal , Phrakrudhammapissamai Phrakrudhammapissamai
Published: July 2021

This study aimed at investigating the outcomes of the cooperation practices, which were utilized to enhance the quality of work-integrated learning at Nong Khai Technical College. The investigation covered the following three aspects: 1) the changes that had arisen from the development of specified indicators; 2) the learning that occurred, and 3) the body of knowledge, which had been obtained from the practice. A participatory action research methodology was adopted during two semesters. There were 19 teachers and 30 students involved in the project. The results of the study revealed three key features. Firstly, the post-practice evaluation in both the first and the second cycles was higher than in the pre-practice evaluation. Secondly, the researcher, research participants and the college learned from various issues of the practice. This learning included gaining an awareness of the importance of collaborative work, the importance of studying the theoretical perspective in order to enhance the existing knowledge and experiences, and the importance of planning, practice, observation, and reflection in comprehensive work. Finally, the knowledge gained was found to correlate with Kurt Lewin's Force-Field Analysis which consists of the following elements: 1) expected change, 2) driving factors for change, 3) resistance to change, and 4) overcoming resistance.
Individual and Socioeconomic Variables as Predictors of Middle School Students’ Intrinsic Reading Motivations
Authors: Kurnaz Hasan , Kurnaz Gülsüm
Published: July 2021

Individuals’ engagement with reading and maintaining it depends on personal motivations. Having a multidimensional structure, reading motivation is affected by intrinsic factors. Studies on reading motivation can make a significant contribution to identifying students’ intrinsic motivation profiles closely, encouraging them to read, and increasing their reading engagement. The present study aimed to determine the individual and socioeconomic variables predicting middle school students’ intrinsic reading motivations. Employing the predictive correlational design, the study was carried out with 459 students attending six different public schools in the city of Sanliurfa. The participants were determined by stratified purposeful sampling method. The study data were collected by the Intrinsic Reading Motivation Scale and the Personal Information Form. According to the hierarchical regression analysis results, all the models constructed in the study were significant. All of the variables explained the intrinsic reading motivation with a 22% variance explanation percentage. As a result, it can be said that the change observed in intrinsic reading motivation variance mostly stemmed from reading engagement (ΔR2=.12), family (ΔR2=.07), demographic characteristics (ΔR2=.03), and school (ΔR2=.01), respectively. It can be stated that the predictors of the intrinsic reading motivation determined in this study should be taken into consideration by educators.
Biocontrol Effect of Lytic Bacteriophages Against Various Food borne Diseases
Authors: Ahmad S Rehan , Kalam Abul , Ghosh Pritha
Published: July 2021

Food borne disease is one of the major causes of hospitalization and death around the world. Many advance antimicrobial techniques, food sanitation techniques are present nowadays but still Food borne diseases are become more serious day by day. Some traditional well known antimicrobial methods including chemical treatment, pasteurization, high pressure processing, and irradiation are some popular techniques to control bacteria causing Foodborne diseases but they have several drawbacks like high cost, machine and processing equipment damage, damage nutritive value and organoleptic properties of foods and more importantly adverse effect on health. In this situation most promising and safe technique is biocontrol method. The interest for natural antimicrobial agent has exhibited due to consumer awareness towards the use of chemical based pathogen control methods or preservatives in food processing sectors. Use of bacteriophage is one of the most useful and promising natural biocontrol methods that targets specific strains of bacteria and kill the specific bacterial cell (or inhibit bacterial cell count). Bacteriophages can control foodborne disease outbreaks and ensure food safety by four different stages including therapy, biocontrol, biosanitation, and preservation. Bacteriophages are easily available in the environment and can be used safely in various foods ranging from fresh fruits, perishable animal product, and vegetables to ready-to-eat food products for bacterial decontamination. Approved commercial bacteriophages are also available to ensure food safety. bacteriophage biocontrol is recently recognized as an alternative method to reducing pathogenic bacteria from foods naturally and secure food safety. This review work is a brief overview of current bacteriophage related work in the field of foodborne diseases and food safety.
Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Outcome of Neural Tube Defects: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hassan Atyat Mohammed
Published: July 2021

The aim was to assess the prevalence, associated factors, and outcome of neural tube defects (NTDs). A retrospective study design was applied at neonatal intensive care unit.Study subjects: A convenience sample of all (90) neonates who were admitted to the study setting during 12 months period and diagnosed as having NTDs were chosen retrospectively. Tool: One structured interview questionnaire was implemented. It included three sections: Personal and clinical data of neonates, characteristics and clinical data of neonates' mother, and associated factors of NTDs. Study results:It was indicated that 62.2% of neonates were males, 56.7% of NTDs were preterm neonates, 58.9% of neonates were delivered emergency cesarean section (CS). Concerning the discharge outcome from NICU; 46.7% of NTDs' neonates have died. The present study revealed that 55.6% of neonates having NTDs their mothers aged from 20-29 years and 44.4% had parents' consanguinity. Moreover, it was found that NTDs were more prevalent (40% and 37.8%)with mothers who were multigravida <4 and >4 and 76.7% were multipara <4.28% of congenital anomalies (CAs) neonates were having NTDs; 53.3% of NTDs were spina bifida followed by 40% were hydrocephalus and 4.4% were encephalocele. The study results found that recurrent abortions 30% and diabetes mellitus (DM) 4.4%among mothers of the studied neonates before current pregnancy. In addition; 15.6% were taking drugs, 7.8% had an infection, only 6.7% were taking folic acid, and 4.4% had gestational diabetes during current pregnancy.
Assessment of Oxidative Stress Index in Sub-clinical Hypothyroidism
Authors: Roshni Roshni , Prabhu K Ashok , Rao Y Durga , K Sowndarya , M Nandini
Published: July 2021

Objective: Subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH)is a mild form of hypothyroidism where the TSH levels are slightly above the normal rangeand T3 & T4 values are within the normal limits.Oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing an imbalance in the antioxidant/oxidant status of an individual is well recognized in hyperthyroidism & overt hypothyroidism but not in (SCH). Recently much attention is focussed on SCH, as it exhibits the same cardiovascular consequences as overt hypothyroidism. The current study evaluates the oxidative stress index (OSI) and the correlation of OSI with thyroid profile and Paraoxonase -1 (PON- 1), the antioxidant enzyme associated with HDL in subjects with subclinical hypothyroidism. OSI was calculated after measuring the total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS). This cross-sectional study included 64 subjects with sub-clinical hypothyroidism and 128 subjects with normal thyroid profile. Age of the subjects ranged between 25 and 75 years. Materials and methods: Serum levels of TAS, TOS and PON-1 was measured in the subjects whose thyroid profile was determined. OSI was calculated and differences between the variables in the two groups were analysed by the non-parametric tests. Correlation analysis was done by the spearman’s test. The diagnostic ability of OSI was assessed by ROC Curve. Results: Significant increase in the OSI and TOS was observed in subjects with SCH. There was no change in the antioxidant status as well as PON-1 activity.Conclusion: OSI can be considered as an efficient marker in the evaluation of oxidative stress.
Exophthalmometry Value in Normal and Proptosis Eye 0f Reconstruction, Oculoplastyand Oncology Patients in Sanglah General Hospital Bali
Authors: Yuliawati Putu , AryPramita Ida Ayu , Utari Ni Made Laksmi , Djelantik A.A.A. Sukartini , Triningrat A.A. Mas Putrawati , Manuaba Ida Bagus Putra
Published: July 2021

Exophthalmometry is a routine examination procedure for proptosis or ocular protrusion patients. Hertel exophthalmometer is the most commonly used device, including in Sanglah General Hospital as tertiary care centrein Bali. The exophthalmometric measures tend to vary with age, sex, and race. Therefore, many investigators conducted researches to determine the normal value of exophthalmometry result in their populations, however there is no prior study on Indonesia population, specifically in Bali. This research is an observational study with cross sectional approach using data that were collected retrospectively based on medical record of patients with proptosis condition in ROO division, eye clinic of Sanglah General Hospital Bali in period between January 2017 to June 2018. Hertel Exophthalmometer was used to measure eyeball position toward orbital space in normal eyes and proptosis eyes, especially in axial proptosis type. The subjects were 97 patients with proptosis, which is 51 patients (65 eyes) with axial type. Mean exophthalmometry value on normal eyes (37 eyes) in this study was13.86 ± 0.51 mm and for the eyes with proptosis condition (65 eyes) the mean value 17.32 ± 0.37 mm.
Oxidative, Inflammatory, Angiogenic Markers and Vitamin D Status in Pre- and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Egyptian Patients
Authors: El-Toukhy Safinaz Ebrahim , Abdel-Salam Omar M.E. , Ibrahim Amr M M , Youness Eman R.
Published: July 2021

We aimed to investigate the oxidative, inflammatory, angiogenic biomarkers and vitamin D status in serum of Egyptian patients with cancer breast. Seventy patients with known cancer breast (non-metastatic and metastatic) were evaluated and compared to and healthy women. We observed significant decreases in serum malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and uric acid in patients with non-metastatic and metastatic cancer. Subjects with metastatic cancer exhibited significantly lower nitric oxide and TAC compared with non- metastatic cancer. Meanwhile, significant increases in serum VEGF, HGF, and MMP-9 occurred in both pre- and post-menopausal patients with either non-metastatic or metastatic cancer with significantly higher values in metastatic disease. Significant increase in serum TNF-α was observed with significantly higher values in metastatic disease. Serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D (VITD) decreased in both types of cancer with significantly lower values in pre-menopausal compared to post-menopausal patients. Pre-menopausal subjects showed significantly lower serum VITD level compared to their post-menopaual counterparts, but there were no differences between those who were –ve for PR receptor and +ve patients. These results suggest that vascular and inflammatory markers VEGF, HGF, MMP-9 and TNF-α increased in serum in advanced stages of breast cancer and could monitor disease progression and/or severity.
COVID-19 Pharmacological Treatment at the Udayana University Hospital in April-May 2020
Authors: Yorky Brahmantya Ida Bagus , Agung Wahyu Purnamasidhi Cokorda , Sumardika I Wayan
Published: July 2021

Since the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, pharmacological therapy for COVID-19 cases to date arecurrently based on clinician’s assessments of drugs, or what drug combinationsmight work in managingCOVID-19 cases, and not yet based on empirical evidence from clinical trial studies, which also limited available in the early of pandemic. This study aims to provide data on drugs utilized during the treatment of the COVID-19 cases and the rationalization of their use. This research is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the Udayana University Hospital in April-May 2020. Demographic and treatment data were obtained through inpatient medical records, and research sample was selected by total sampling method. 95 cases of COVID-19 hospitalized during April-May 2020 were included in the study. The standard COVID- 19 drugs given were vitamin C (100%), chloroquine phosphate (61.1%), azithromycin (34.7%) or levofloxacin (5.3%), and oseltamivir (37.9%) or lopinavir-ritonavir (3.2%). Other drugs given were low molecular weight heparin (2.1%), alprazolam (1.1%), amlodipine (3.2%), clobazam (9.5%), meropenem (2.1%), and metformin (3.2%). Administration of high doses intravenous vitamin C was found to be beneficial, while chloroquine phosphate, antibiotics, and antivirals need to be reconsidered based on theirrisks and benefits in COVID-19 management.
Antibacterial Activity 96% Ethanol Extract of Brown Seaweed (Padina australis) from Poteran Island Madura against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923
Authors: Wijayanti DN Nani , Wardani Sudjarwo Giftania , Nugraha Putra Oki
Published: July 2021

Brown seaweed is one of the natural resources of the sea which is very abundant and grows naturally on the coast of Indonesia, especially in Madura. Lately, disease due to infection is one of the problems in the health sector that continues to grow. Some microorganisms that cause infections include bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. One of the bacteria that can cause infection is Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus is one of pathogenic bacteria that cause abnormalities and infections to skin. The more infections cause an increase in the use of antibiotics, the greater the risk of increasing the incidence of resistance. This encourages the research of sources for antibacterial medicines from natural materials, namely macro algae. One of the macro algae that have antibacterial activity is brown seaweed from Padina australis species. This study uses laboratory experimental methods aimed at proving the antibacterial activity of 96% ethanol extract of brown seaweed Padina australis from the Madura Islands against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The antibacterial activity test was carried out by the well diffusion method. The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that ethanol extract of 96% brown seaweed Padina australis with concentrations of 20%, 15%, 10%, and 5% had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 in the medium to strong category. Statistical test results (Kruskal Wallis) showed that there was a significant difference between the concentration and the inhibited zone produced (p = 0.037).
Prevalence of ABO, Rh and KELL Blood Group Types and Transfusion- Transmissible Infections (TTI) among Blood Donors in Najran City, Saudi Arabia
Authors: M Alshehri Osama , H Nahari Mohammed , Hassan Elhashimi E , Alqahtani Musab F , Awaji Turki H
Published: July 2021

The knowledge of Red blood cells polymorphism and blood group antigens prevalence at the local and regional levels is necessary for safe blood transfusion services. This study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of significant blood group phenotypes like ABO, Rh, and Kell among the Najran people of Saudi Arabia. The transfusion transmittable infection (TTI) rate and blood abnormalities among various blood types were assessed to ensure safe blood transfusion. ABO and Rh blood prevalence (n=970) and Rh phenotype polymorphism were estimated in over 531 unrelated donors. The blood samples were screened for certain TTIs like AHBC- Anti-hepatitis B core, HTLV-1- human T-lymphotropic virus type I, HCV- hepatitis C virus, HBsAg- Hepatitis B antigen, HIV- Human immunodeficiency virus, SIC- Sickle cell, MP- Malaria parasite, and SYP- Syphilis. The selected samples were also observed for blood abnormalities by performing a complete blood count (CBC). Out of 970 subjects, 966 were males, and only 4 were females. The O>A>B>AB blood groups were identified with 46.89, 29.3, 9.1, and 2.38% prevalence among Rh-positive phenotype. While in the Rh system, 87.6% and 12.3% of Rh positive and Rh negative was observed. Among 953 samples, the prevalence of seropositive donors was approximately 5.66%. The screening showed about 5.036, 0.104, 0.314, 0.209, 2.18, 0.104, and 0.209% positivity for AHBC, HCV, HBsAg, HIV, SIC, MP, and SYP respectively. Results found that the frequency of D, C, E, c, and e were 99.9%, 67.98, 25.8, 77.9, 98.49%, respectively, in over 531 subjects. The e allele was more prevalent in Najran city. After observing the variations in the CBC parameters among the donors, it was perceived that about 28.78, 99.9, 29.41, and 31.6% of blood abnormalities were noticed for O, AB, B, and A blood groups, respectively. For blood banks and transfusion services, which play a significant role in the medical care of the patient, awareness of the distribution of the blood group is essential. Increasing consistency of blood donation programs would improve both donor satisfaction and motivation for potential donations of blood in near future.
Pharmacological Effects of Favipiravir on Coronavirus: An Update
Authors: Tejaswi Prerna , Devashish Kumar , Ranjan Prasad Raj
Published: July 2021

The coronavirus pandemic is the worst health crisis of our time. There is a massive upsurge of the cases and no specific treatment options of this novel virus (SARS-CoV-2).Due to no time for research and development of a new drug or a vaccine, old and existing broad spectrum antiviral drugs were tried and tested. Favipiravir showed promising results in mild to moderate COVID-19 infection in small studies. The drug is approved with precaution under emergency use, as its safety profile is still not clear. We have considered every aspect of favipiravir and compiled all the latest information about the drug in this review article.
Community Detection Method Based on Two-layer Dissimilarity of Central Node
Authors: Zhang Yuexia , Chen Ziyang
Published: July 2021

Studying community discovery algorithms for complex networks is necessary to determine the origin of opinions, analyze the mechanisms of public opinion transmission, and control the evolution of public opinion. The problem of the existing clustering algorithm of the central node having a low quality of community detection must also be solved. This study proposes a community detection method based on the two-layer dissimilarity of the central node (TDCN-CD). First, the algorithm selects the central node through the degree and distance of the node. Selecting nodes in the same community as the central node at the same time is avoided. Simultaneously, the algorithm proposes the dissimilarity index of nodes based on two layers, which can deeply explore the heterogeneity of nodes and achieve the effect of accurate community division. The results of using Karate and Dolphins datasets for simulation show that compared to the Girvan–Newman and Fast–Newman classical community partitioning algorithms, the TDCN-CD algorithm can effectively detect the community structure and more accurately divide the community.
A Hash Key-Based Key Management Mechanism for Cluster-Based Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Babar Sachin D. , Mahalle Parikshit N.
Published: July 2021

The growth of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in the last few years, enhances the use, efficiency, and accuracy of a large number of applications such as defense, habitat monitoring, industrial, and many more. The performance of WSNis largely affected by the security, as large numbers of security attack are happening on the WSN. Therefore, it is necessary to have a security solution to use theWSN proficiently. The objective of this paper is to address the security problem of WSN by proposing the key management mechanism to establish the secure link for communication. The paper proposes the cluster-based key management technique based on hash key mechanism. The mechanism considers the key establishment and verification at two levels, one at onehop distance and the other at multi-hop destination. The proposed work is evaluated by considering the varying number of attackers in the network. The mechanism shows reduced packet lost rate and energy consumption as compared with one-hop key management solutions, by making the tradeoff of delay. The results shows the improvement in packet loss rate i.e., without any solution, if attack happens obviously the attack performance reduces with an increase in pack loss rate and after applying the solution, the packet loss rate is reduced.
The Amplification Threat Posed by Publicly Reachable BACnet Devices
Authors: Gasser Oliver , Scheitle Quirin , Rudolph Benedikt , Denis Carl , Schricker Nadja , Carle Georg
Published: July 2021

In a connected world Internet security is becoming increasingly important. Attacks, which are frequently executed by botnets, can impact people in their everyday life. A ubiquitous kind of attack is the amplification attack, a special type of Denial-of-Service attack. Several protocols such as DNS, NTP, and SNMP are known to be vulnerable to amplification attacks when security practices are not followed. In this work we evaluate the vulnerability of BACnet, a building automation and control protocol, to amplification attacks. To assess BACnet’s vulnerability we conduct active traffic measurements on an Internet-wide scale. We find 16 485 BACnet devices, the largest number to date. Additionally, more than 14 k of these devices can be misused as amplifiers, with some generating amplification factors up to 120. To remediate this potential threat we employ a vulnerability notification campaign in close coordination with a CERT. We assess the success of the campaign and find that the number of publicly reachable BACnet devices decreased only slightly. Additionally, we employ passive measurements to attribute the majority of BACnet traffic in the wild to scanning projects. Finally, we also give suggestions to thwart the amplification attack potential of BACnet.
An Anonymous Inter-Network Routing Protocol for the Internet of Things
Authors: Palmieri Paolo , Calderoni Luca , Maio Dario
Published: July 2021

With the diffusion of the Internet of Things (IoT), computing is becoming increasingly pervasive, and different heterogeneous networks are integrated into larger systems. However, as different networks managed by different parties and with different security requirements are interconnected, security becomes a primary concern. IoT nodes, in particular, are often deployed “in the open”, where an attacker can gain physical access to the device. As nodes can be deployed in unsurveilled or even hostile settings, it is crucial to avoid escalation from successful attacks on a single node to the whole network, and from there to other connected networks. It is therefore necessary to secure the communication within IoT networks, and in particular, maintain context information private, including the network topology and the location and identity of the nodes. In this paper, we propose a protocol achieving anonymous routing between different interconnected networks, designed for the Internet of Things and based on the spatial Bloom filter (SBF) data structure. The protocol enables private communication between the nodes through the use of anonymous identifiers, which hide their location and identity within the network. As routing information is encrypted using a homomorphic encryption scheme, and computed only in the encrypted domain, the proposed routing strategy preserves context privacy, preventing adversaries from learning the network structure and topology. This, in turn, significantly reduces their ability to gain valuable network information from a successful attacks on a single node of the network, and reduces the potential for attack escalation.
Random Number Generators Based on EEG Non-linear and Chaotic Characteristics
Authors: Nguyen Dang , Tran Dat , Ma Wanli , Sharma Dharmendra
Published: July 2021

Current electroencephalogram (EEG)-based methods in security have been mainly used for person authentication and identification purposes only. The non-linear and chaotic characteristics of EEG signal have not been taken into account. In this paper, we propose a new method that explores the use of these EEG characteristics in generating random numbers. EEG signal and its wavebands are transformed into bit sequences that are used as random number sequences or as seeds for pseudo-random number generators. EEG signal has the following advantages: 1) it is noisy, complex, chaotic and non-linear in nature, 2) it is very difficult to mimic because similar mental tasks are person dependent, and 3) it is almost impossible to steal because the brain activity is sensitive to the stress and the mood of the person and an aggressor cannot force the person to reproduce his/her mental pass-phrase. Our experiments were conducted on the four EEG datasets: AEEG, Alcoholism, DEAP and GrazA 2008. The randomness of the generated bit sequences was tested at a high level of significance by comprehensive battery of tests recommended by the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) to verify the quality of random number generators, especially in cryptography application. Our experimental results showed high average success rates for all wavebands and the highest rate is 99.17% for the gamma band.
Secure Data Sharing in Cloud Using an Efficient Inner-Product Proxy Re-Encryption Scheme
Authors: Sepehri Masoomeh , Trombetta Alberto , Sepehri Maryam
Published: July 2021

With the ever-growing production of data coming from multiple, scattered, highly dynamical sources (like those found in IoT scenarios), many providers are motivated to upload their data to the cloud servers and share them with other persons with different purposes. However, storing data on cloud imposes serious concerns in terms of data confidentiality and access control. These concerns get more attention when data is required to be shared among multiple users with different access policies. In order to update access policy without making re-encryption, we propose an efficient inner-product proxy re-encryption scheme that provides a proxy server with a transformation key with which a delegator’s ciphertext associated with an attribute vector can be transformed to a new ciphertext associated with delegatee’s attribute vector set. Our proposed policy updating scheme enables the delegatee to decrypt the shared data with its own key without requesting a new decryption key. We experimentally analyze the efficiency of our scheme and show that our scheme is adaptive attribute-secure against chosen-plaintext under standard Decisional Linear (D-Linear) assumption.
A Novel Customized Big Data Analytics Framework for Drug Discovery
Authors: Fathima A. Jainul , Murugaboopathi G.
Published: July 2021

Drug discovery is related to analytics as the method requires a technique to handle the extremely large volume of structured and unstructured biomedical data of multi-dimensional and complexity from pharmaceutical companies. To tackle the complexity of data and to get better insight into the data, big data analytics can be used to integrate the massive amount of pharmaceutical data and computational tools in an analytic framework. This paper presents an overview of big data analytics in the field of drug discovery and outlines an analytic framework which can be applied to computational drug discovery process and briefly discuss the challenges. Hence, big data analytics may contribute to better drug discovery.
Energy Saving from Cloud Resources for a Sustainable Green Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: M. Karuppasamy , S. P. Balakannan
Published: July 2021

Cloud computing services are proliferation. The Cloud computing resources face major pitfall in energy consumes. The prime of energy consumption in cloud computing is by means of client computational devices, server computational devices, network computational devices and power required to cool the IT load. The cloud resources contribute high operational energy cost and emit more carbon emission to the environment. Therefore the cloud services providers need green cloud environment resolution to decrease the operational energy cost along with environmental impact. The most important objective of this effort is to trim down the energy from utilized and unutilized (idle) cloud resources and save the energy in cloud resources efficiently. To achieve the sustainable green cloud environment from an Energy Saving Algorithm used to choose the appropriate virtual services so that the power at the client, server, and network recourses can be reduced.
Femoral neck fracture prediction by anisotropic yield criteria
Authors: Tellache Mohamed , Pithioux Martine , Chabrand Patrick , Hochard Christian
Published: July 2021

The fracture risk due to osteoporosis, is undertaken with Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) which is an average of bone mineral density measurement, without taking into account the bone structure. The objective of this study was an experimental test to solicit the human proximal femurs by a physiological configuration (one leg stance phase of walking). For this, transversely isotropic finite element models were developed from CT scan acquisition. The failure load assessment was insured by anisotropic yield behaviour criteria based on distortion energy criterion (Hill’s criterion) and taking into account the difference between tension and compression yield properties (Tsai–Wu’s criterion). The results found in this study showed the significance part of anisotropic yield behaviour of bone on proximal femur.
Parameter identification for anisotropic plasticity model using digital image correlation
Authors: Lecompte David , Cooreman Steven , Coppieters Sam , Vantomme John , Sol Hugo , Debruyne Dimitri
Published: July 2021

The basic principle of the described procedure for plastic material identification is the generation of a complex and heterogeneous deformation field, which is measured by digital image correlation (DIC) and compared to Finite Element (FE) simulations. In this paper two tests for the identification of the hardening behaviour and the yield locus of DC06 steel are compared: a uni-axial test on a perforated rectangular specimen and a bi-axial tensile test on a cruciform specimen. The work hardening of the material is assumed to be isotropic and the yield locus is modelled by the anisotropic Hill48 criterion. The identification results for the different material parameters, based on both the uni- and the bi-axial test, are discussed and show a significant agreement.
An immersed boundary/level-set method for incompressible viscous flows in complex geometries with good conservation properties
Authors: Cheny Yoann , Botella Olivier
Published: July 2021

This paper concerns the development of a new Cartesian grid / immersed boundary (IB) method for the computation of incompressible viscous flows in irregular geometries. In IB methods, the computational grid is not aligned with the irregular boundary, and of upmost importance for accuracy and stability is the discretization in cells which are “cut" by the boundary. In this paper, we present an IB method (the LS-STAG method) based on the Cartesian MAC method where the irregular boundary is represented by its level-set function. This implicit representation of the immersed boundary enables us to discretize efficiently the fluxes in the cut-cells by imposing the strict conservation of total kinetic energy at the discrete level. The accuracy and robustness of our method are assessed on benchmark flows.
A parallel algorithm for direct solution of large sparse linear systems, well suitable to domain decomposition methods
Authors: Gueye Ibrahima , Juvigny Xavier , Feyel Frédéric , Roux François-Xavier , Cailletaud Georges
Published: July 2021

The goal of this paper is to develop a parallel algorithm for the direct solution of large sparse linear systems and integrate it into domain decomposition methods. The computational effort for these linear systems, often encountered in numerical simulation of structural mechanics problems by finite element codes, is very significant in terms of run-time and memory requirements.In this paper, a two-level parallelism is exploited. The exploitation of the lower level of parallelism is based on the development of a parallel direct solver with a nested dissection algorithm and to introduce it into the FETI methods. This direct solver has the advantage of handling zero-energy modes in floating structures automatically and properly. The upper level of parallelism is a coarse-grain parallelism between substructures of FETI. Some numerical tests are carried out to evaluate the performance of the direct solver.
Iterative method for solving fully-coupled fluid solid systems
Authors: Longatte Elisabeth
Published: July 2021

This work is concerned with the modelling of the interaction of a fluid with a rigid or a flexible elastic cylinder in the presence of axial or cross-flow. A partitioned procedure is involved to perform the computation of the fully-coupled fluid solid system. The fluid flow is governed by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and modeled by using a fractional step scheme combined with a co-located finite volume method for space discretisation. The motion of the fluid domain is accounted for by a moving mesh strategy through an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation. Solid dyncamics is modeled by a finite element method in the linear elasticity framework and a fixed point method is used for the fluid solid system computation. In the present work two examples are presented to show the method robustness and efficiency.
POD-morphing, an a posteriori grid parametrization method for shape optimization
Authors: Raghavan Balaji , Breitkopf Piotr , Villon Pierre
Published: July 2021

Shape optimization typically involves geometries characterized by several dozen design variables set with no prior knowledge of the design domain topology. A surrogate model can replace the numerous geometry-based design variables with a much more compact set of design variables that have a built-in global understanding of the geometry, thus reducing the size of the optimization problem. In this paper, we present a grid parametrization approach for the design domain geometry based on the method of Proper Orthogonal Decomposition using the method of snapshots, and replace the geometry-based design variables with the smallest possible set of POD coefficients. We demonstrate this method in the well-known problem of designing the section of an air-conditioning duct to maximize the permeability evaluated using CFD with an incompressible 2D model implemented in OpenFOAM.
Boosted Performances of NTRUencrypt Post-Quantum Cryptosystem
Authors: Laaji El Hassane , Azizi Abdelmalek
Published: July 2021

The bottleneck of all cryptosystems is the difficulty of the computational complexity of the polynomials multiplication, vectors multiplication, etc. Thus most of them use some algorithms to reduce the complexity of the multiplication like NTT, Montgomery, CRT, and Karatsuba algorithms, etc. We contribute by creating a new release of NTRUencrypt1024 with great improvement, by using our own polynomials multiplication algorithm operate in the ring of the form Rq=Zq[X]/(XN+1), combined to Montgomery algorithm rather than using the NTT algorithm as used by the original version. We obtained a good result, our implementation outperforms the original one by speed-up of a factor up to (X10) for encryption and a factor up to (X11) for decryption functions. We note that our improved implementation used the latest hash function standard SHA-3, and reduce the size of the public key, private key, and cipher-text from 4097 bytes to 2049 bytes with the same security level.
Impact of Constraints on the Complexity and Performance of Channel Assignment in Multi-Hop Wireless Networks
Authors: Mathur Chetan Nanjunda , Haleem M.A. , Subbalakshmi K.P. , Chandramouli R.
Published: July 2021

In this paper we systematically study several channel assignment problems in multi-hop ad-hoc wireless networks in the presence of several constraints. Both regular grids and random topology models are considered in the analysis. We identify three fairness constraints (unfair, fair, and 1-fair), Signal to Interference Ratio (SINR) constraint (to measure the link quality) and balance constraint (for uniform assignment) and study their impact on the complexity of the channel assignment problems. Note that these constraints have an impact on the network capacity, lifetime and connectivity. Although optimal channel assignment for links in a multi-hop wireless network has been shown to be NP complete, the impact of fairness, link quality and balance constraints on the hardness of channel assignment problems is not well studied. In this paper, we show that a class of unfair SINR constrained channel assignment problems can be solved in polynomial time. We show that when fairness is desired the channel assignment problems are NP Complete. We propose two heuristic algorithms that provide 1-fair and fair channel assignments, comment on their complexity and compare their performance with optimal solutions.
Realization of Interworking in LTE Roaming Using a Diameter-Based Interworking Function
Authors: Dey Arnab , Rajappa Balaji , Bana Lakshman
Published: July 2021

While operators around the world are onboarding or planning to onboard the LTE-based Evolved Packet System (EPS), some troubling questions linger on. The prospects of LTE are enticing. However, would the LTE and Legacy networks interwork and co-exist? Would inbound/outbound roamers face any service disruption? For a green-field operator, possibly with a tight budget, is adopting LTE a risky proposition when over 90% of the world’s network is still based on Legacy Signaling System No. 7 (SS7)? Various standards bodies have provided guidelines and specifications to identify and address some of the interworking and co-existence scenarios, but their implementation is complex and requires a detailed knowledge of the disparate worlds of EPS and Legacy protocols in finding an acceptable intersection between the two.This paper describes the important interworking issues between Diameter and TCAP (SS7)-based protocols and some of the practical aspects that transcend information that is disseminated through the standards bodies. Some specific scenarios such as a 2G/3G subscriber roaming into an LTE network using home-routed applications and S8 (EPS) –Gp(Legacy) interworking are not covered here and shall be discussed in a subsequent paper. Similarly, this paper has not focused on Diameter–RADIUS interworking needed to support RADIUS-based AAA Server. However, most other scenarios have been addressed and it is hoped that the solution presented here will alleviate the roaming, co-existence and interworking concerns of the reader.
Business Impacts of International Standards for Information Security Management. Lessons from Case Companies
Authors: M. van Wessel Robert , De Vries Henk J.
Published: July 2021

This paper describes the business impact of two international standards for information security management: ISO/IEC 27001 and ISO/IEC 27002. Six company cases show that companies had different reasons for wanting to implement these standards, but that they achieved most of their objectives. Benefits include improved service quality, higher customer satisfaction, and in some cases, new business opportunities. A number of common success factors ensure the objectives can be achieved, and financial and non-financial benefits can indeed be obtained. The lessons learnt from these cases can help other companies to also reap such benefits.
Evolutionary Autonomous Networks
Authors: Harvey Paul , Tatar Alexandru , Imai Pierre , Wong Leon , Bringuier Laurent
Published: July 2021

The communication networks of today can greatly benefit from autonomous operation and adaptation, not only due to the implicit cost savings, but also because autonomy will enable functionalities that are infeasible today. Across industry, academia and standardisation bodies there has been an increased interest in achieving the autonomous goal, but a path on how to attain this goal is still unclear.

In this paper we present our vision for the future of autonomous networking. We introduce the concepts and technological means to achieve autonomy and propose an architecture which emerges directly through the application of these concepts, highlighting opportunities and challenges for standardisation. We argue that only a holistic architecture based on hierarchies of hybrid learning, functional composition, and online experimental evaluation is expressive and capable enough to realise true autonomy within communication networks.
Intent-driven Closed Loops for Autonomous Networks
Authors: Gomes Pedro Henrique , Buhrgard Magnus , Harmatos János , Mohalik Swarup Kumar , Roeland Dinand , Niemöller Jörg
Published: July 2021

Closed loops are key enablers for automation that have been successfully used in many industries for long, and more recently for computing and networking applications. The Zero-touch network and service management (ZSM) framework introduced standardized components that allow the creation, execution, and governance of multiple closed loops, enabling zero-touch management of end-to-end services across different management domains. However, the coordinated and optimal instantiation and operation of multiple closed loops is an open question that is left for implementation by the ZSM specifications. In this paper, we propose a methodology that uses intents as a way of communicating requirements to be considered by autonomous management domains to coordinate hierarchies of closed loops. The intent-driven methodology facilitates hierarchical and peer interactions for delegation and escalation of intents. Furthermore, it extends the existing management capabilities of the ZSM framework and facilitates conflict-free integration of closed loops by setting optimal (and non-conflicting) goals that each closed loop in the hierarchy needs to account for. We show an example of the application of the proposed methodology in a network slicing assurance use case. The new capabilities introduced in this paper can be considered as an extension of the ZSM framework to be used in scenarios where multiple intent-driven closed loops exist.
Highly Information and Energy-efficient Monitoring Data Transmission in IoT Networks
Authors: Shevchuk Bohdan , Geraimchuk Mykhaylo D , Ivakhiv Orest , Brayko Yuriy
Published: July 2021

The components of technologies of increasing information and energy efficiency of IoT monitoring networks subscriber systems with protected transfer functioning of reliable packets of information with the increased information capacity are described. In the places of formation of network flows, i.e. in the places of installation of object and on-board systems the realization of a complex of adaptive filtering algorithms, compression and protection of samples of monitoring signals and video data frames with the subsequent adaptive formation and transmission of highly informative code-signal sequences is offered. It is proposed a signal approach as a basis for inputting and compact coding of signals and video data frames of the reliable samples. The signal approach is proposed, according to which the amplitude-time or amplitude-number parameters of the most informative samples of signals and video signals are determined in the rate of input of monitoring data. These are extremes and points of inflection or points of curve movement change. The obtained data are subject to data compression with controlled information loss and lossless compression-protection. According to the proposed information technology for building effective IoT networks for crypto protection of monitoring data arrays by processors of object and on-board systems, the use of disposable ciphers is proposed, which are the rules and parameters for generating crypto-resistant pseudo-random data arrays of a certain length. These rules and parameters are known only to the subscriber-transmitter and the subscriber-receiver of information packets and are used by network subscribers in the process of data compression with losses and without losses, in the process of crypto-resistant and noise-resistant information packets forming of limited duration with increased information capacity. Energy-efficient data packet transmission is based on a significant reduction in the output streams of protected highly informative monitoring data packets and the implementation by object and on-board systems processors a set of algorithms for processing, encoding, encrypting and transmitting data minimized by computational complexity.
Evaluation of Distance Error with Bluetooth Low Energy Transmission Model for Indoor Positioning
Authors: Supanakoon Pichaya , Promwong Sathaporn
Published: July 2021

Currently, an indoor positioning is a challenge application for location-based services (LBS) and proximity-based services (PBS). However, the indoor channel has dense multipath fading, causing more distance error than outdoor positioning. In this paper, the distance error analysis model is proposed for indoor positioning. The indoor channel is modeled as the sum of path loss model and multipath fading model. The path loss model is a linear regression model (LRM) based on Friis’ transmission formula, used for estimating the distance from received signal strength (RSS). The multipath fading is a Gaussian statistical model with zero mean, used for characterizing the multipath fading effect. The normalized distance error is evaluated and defined. The indoor channel with Bluetooth low energy (BLE) beacons is measured and compared with the proposed model. From the results, the normalized distance error obtained from the proposed model corresponds very well to measurement. This proposed model can be used as a tool for designing an indoor positioning system to obtain the specific distance error.
Information Technology Augmentative and Alternative Communication Using Smart Mobile Devices
Authors: Krak Iurii , Bahrii Ruslan , Barmak Olexander
Published: July 2021

The article describes the information technology of alternative communication implemented by non-contact text entry using a limited number of simple dynamic gestures. Non-contact text entry technologies and motion tracking devices are analysed. A model of the human hand is proposed, which provides information on the position of the hand at each moment in time. Parameters sufficient for recognizing static and dynamic gestures are identified. The process of calculating the features of the various components of the movement that occur when showing dynamic hand gestures is considered. Common methods for selecting letters with non-contact text entry are analysed. To implement the user interaction interface, it is proposed to use a radial virtual keyboard with keys containing alphabetical letters grouped. A functional model and a model of human-computer interaction of non-contact text entry have been developed. It enabled to develop an easy-to-use software system for alternative communication, which is implemented by non-contact text entry using hand gestures. The developed software system provides a communication mechanism for people with disabilities.