bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistema de saúde no controle da sífilis na perspectiva das enfermeiras [Health system in syphilis control, from the nurses’ perspective] [Sistema de salud en el control de la sífilis en la perspectiva de las enfermeras]
Authors: Nobre Caroline Soares , Albuquerque Conceição de Maria De , Frota Mirna Albuquerque , Machado Maria de Fátima Antero Sousa , Couto Camila Santos do
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: conhecer a perspectiva dos enfermeiros (as) acerca do sistema de saúde no controle da sífilis. Método: estudo de abordagem qualitativa, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, foram entrevistadas treze enfermeiras de um hospital secundário em Fortaleza/Ceará, referência para os casos de sífilis, utilizando-se da técnica de análise de conteúdo para análise e interpretação do corpus. Resultados: identificaram-se os núcleos temáticos, na qual destaca-se as categorias: Atenção primária está “furando” e “Há uma falha na educação em Saúde!”. Conclusão: acredita-se na necessidade de novos recursos e ações para os profissionais, principalmente, a partir de intervenções educativas, que focalizem a integralidade da atenção à saúde para a constituição de meios de qualificação do serviço.ABSTRACTObjective: to learn the nurses’ perspective regarding the health system in syphilis control. Method: this qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews of thirteen nurses from a secondary, syphilis-referral hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará, in 2012. The content analysis technique was used to interpret the resulting corpus. Results: in the core themes identified, the salient categories were: Primary care is “failing” and “There is a flaw in health education!” Conclusion: it is believed that new resources and actions are needed for health professionals, coming mainly from educational interventions focusing on comprehensive health care so as to establish means to improve services.RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer la perspectiva de los(as) enfermeros(as) sobre el sistema de salud en el control de la sífilis. Método: estudio de enfoque cualitativo, a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Se entrevistaron trece enfermeras de un hospital de segundo nivel en Fortaleza/Ceará, de referencia para los casos de sífilis, utilizando la técnica de análisis de contenido para el análisis e interpretación del corpus. Resultados: se identificaron los núcleos temáticos, en los que destacan las categorías: La atención primaria “No cumple lo prometido” y " Hay una falla en la educación de la salud." Conclusión: se cree en la necesidad de nuevos recursos y acciones para los profesionales, principalmente, a partir de las intervenciones educativas que focalicen la totalidad de la atención a la salud para el establecimiento de medios de calificación de servicios.
Construção e validação de materiais educativos para criança com doença crônica: uma revisão integrativa [Construcción y validación de materiales educativos para niños con enfermedad crónica: una revisión integrativa]
Authors: Costa Cicero Ivan Alcantara , Pacheco Sandra Teixeira de Araújo , Soeiro Gabriella , Adame Déborah Gomes , Peres Patricia Lima Pereira , Araújo Bárbara Bertolossi Marta
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica abordando construção e validação de materiais educativos para crianças com doenças crônicas e seus familiares. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada a partir das bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Base de dados de Enfermagem, Sistema Online de Busca e Análise de Literatura Médica e no portal de periódicos da CAPES, no período de janeiro a abril de 2017 e novembro de 2018, com recorte temporal de 2010 a 2017. Resultados: das 74 publicações selecionadas, 11 foram incluídas no estudo. Os estudos apontaram que os materiais educativos proporcionaram a melhora na adesão ao tratamento, no cuidado da criança e o aumento da segurança nos cuidados prestados. Conclusão: considerando a reduzida produção científica identificada, espera-se que esta revisão contribua para a construção e validação de novas tecnologias com repercussões na promoção da educação em saúde dessas crianças e seus familiares.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar la producción científica enfocando construcción y validación de materiales educativos para niños con enfermedades crónicas y sus familiares. Método: se trata de una revisión integrativa realizada sobre las bases de datos Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Base de datos de Enfermería, Sistema Online de Búsqueda y Análisis de Literatura Médica y en el portal de revistas de la CAPES, en el período de enero a abril de 2017 y noviembre de 2018, con recorte temporal de 2010 a 2017. Resultados: de las 74 publicaciones seleccionadas 11 fueron incluidas en el estudio. Los estudios mostraron que los materiales educativos proporcionaron la mejora en la adhesión al tratamiento, el cuidado del niño y el aumento de la seguridad en los cuidados ofrecidos. Conclusión: considerando la reducida producción científica identificada, se espera que esta revisión contribuya a la construcción y validación de nuevas tecnologías con repercusiones en la promoción de la educación en salud de estos niños y sus familiares.
Analisis Ketahanan Hidup Pasien Kanker Paru Menggunakan Regresi Weibull
Authors: Solehah Arivatus , Fatekurohman Mohamat
Published: March 2019

Lung cancer is one of the diseases which difficult to detect because of uneasy symptoms detection till it develops being the risky one. But, if the disease has been found, it can spread fast and cause death. According to the data of WHO, the type of cancer which causes the most of death is lung cancer which reaches 1,3 milion death per year. Therefore, a survival analysis will be conducted to determine factors that affect the survival of lung cancer patient by using Weibull regression. The result shows some factors that significantly influence the survival of lung cancer patient are gender, erythrocyte, and general condition.

 

Keywords : lung cancer; survival analysis; Weibull regression
Framing indeterminacy: Pedagogical journey into experimental architectural thinking
Authors: Raonic Aleksandra , Westermann Claudia
Published: March 2019

This paper presents and discusses design studio outcomes that followed the brief that was collaboratively developed by the authors, and that was linked to the Fun Palace Futures initiative launched by the Royal British Institute of British Architects (RIBA) in honour of the architect Cedric Price and the artist Joan Littlewood. One of the core questions set by the brief was: How the thoughts that guided the development and design of the Fun Palace – a project that was never built but is still today cited as a model for thinking flexible and open architecture – could be re-interpreted and renewed for the future? This line of thinking guided the initial and experimental research phase within which students were developing an understanding of what indeterminacy is or could be. This paper shows that through translation of some of the major principles of Fun Palace into pedagogical instruments, students were allowed to approach the questions of indeterminacy in an open and innovative manner. It argues that methods such as media shifts and the use of a variety of media, which often went far beyond the conventional architectural pallet, helped students develop their own tools for creating a new kind of open and flexible architecture. The aim is to present one pedagogic approach that postulates that the conditions of indeterminacy, of uncertainty, of chance and change hold potentiality for establishing a challenging framework for the design and creation of a new kind of dynamic architecture, as well as for initiating experimental architectural thinking in a design studio setting.
Molmedia: Communication at the elementary entity level
Authors: Ribeiro Clarissa
Published: March 2019

We are mastering engineering behaviour on a molecular level. A growing number of researches investigating the relationship between microbiota, human brain and behaviour examine the impacts of manipulating specific microbial colonies in human hosts. To enable discussing and understanding communicational phenomena that occur in scales not visible to the naked eye, we propose the term Molmedia – a metaphorical reference to the concept of mole, denoting here not exclusively the quantitative amount of substance but the information exchange processes (taking the substances as messages) that are going on at elementary entities level such as atomic, subatomic and molecular, within a given system that can be a living organism. We take media (plural of medium) as an intervening agency, means or instrument. Interacting emitters and receivers in this system are the microbiota and the organism actual cells. Within this self-organizing structure, the ongoing informational processes produce, as an emergence, the self and behavioral patterns that can be appreciated, manipulated and cannibalized. The art and science installation Transplanting the Self: Microbiome Anthropophagy is presented as an explorative exercise of the concept and related possibilities in science concerning gut–brain communication and the use of neuroregenerative nutrition in treatments for neurologic conditions.
Visualizing the hypersphere using Hinton’s method
Authors: Traperas Dimitris , Kanellopoulos Nikolaos
Published: March 2019

Hinton’s methodology of perceiving four-dimensional space is based on the application in higher dimensions of the geometric properties of objects that exist in our familiar three-dimensional space and on colouring all the points of these objects according to their movement through these four dimensions. Hinton applied his methodology on coloured cubes, thus leading to a mental perception of the hypercube. In this article, we evolve Hinton’s methodology aiming at the mental perception of the hypersphere, based on tracing and colouring the hypersphere’s points according to their four coordinates. Finally, we describe an interactive application that we developed for visualizing the hypersphere.
A practitioner in alternate zones
Authors: Lesdema Eric
Published: March 2019

This article proposes a re-reading of the chromolithographic algorithm on the front cover of Fox Talbot’s seminal photographic work Pencil of Nature, 1844. The wet and dry of analogue and digital photography are proposed to both be in fact unfixed. A third, fluid, intermediary state is identified. The practitioner in this alternate zone is receptive to the isomorphic potential of the elements and is able to utilize a form of remote viewing – or rather remote perception – to both upload and download.
Development and physicochemical characterization of artisanal Minas Canastra cheese produced with Cynara cardunculus L.
Authors: Borges Eduardo José , Castro Mariana Torres de , Freitas Amanda Rodrigues Franco de , Borges Ana Cláudia , Santos Priscila Alonso dos
Published: March 2019

O queijo Minas artesanal Canastra é um queijo produzido a partir de leite cru, com adição do coalho e do “pingo”, o fermento natural endógeno. É então enformado, prensado à mão, salgado a seco e maturado por um período de 22 dias. A Cynara cardunculus L. é uma planta perene típica da região do mediterrâneo e, de suas flores secas, obtêm-se as enzimas (cardosinas) utilizadas como agentes coagulantes do leite. Pretendeu-se com o presente estudo desenvolver e avaliar as características físico-químicas do queijo Minas artesanal Canastra, produzido com três diferentes concentrações de Cynara cardunculus L. Os queijos mostraram índices de extensão e de profundidade da proteólise superiores ao queijo Canastra tradicional. Os parâmetros de pH e umidade não foram influenciados pelo tipo de coagulante. Ademais, os queijos obtidos com o coagulante vegetal (T1, T2 e T3) exibiram, respectivamente, uma textura mais macia (3,78N, 3,70N e 3,31N) em com paração ao queijo tradicional (6,47N), ao longo de 43 dias de maturação. A fraturabilidade do controle aos 43 dias (7,12N) também se mostrou superior a todos os tratamentos (3,72N, 3,70N e 3,31N). Estes resultados denotam a possibilidade de se produzir queijos com características sensoriais desejáveis dentro do período mínimo de maturação exigido e em conformidade com os parâmetros físico-químicos típicos do queijo Minas artesanal Canastra.
Karşılıklı Bağımlılık Kapsamında Türkiye-Rusya Enerji İlişkilerinin Analizi
Authors: KAKIŞIM Cemal
Published: March 2019

Türkiye-Rusya enerji ilişkileri, Türkiye’nin artan enerji ihtiyacına bağlı olarak özellikle 21. yüzyıldagelişmiştir. Rusya, zengin enerji kaynaklarıyla Türkiye açısından önemli bir tedarikçi ülke halinegelirken, Türkiye ise hızla artan enerji ithalatıyla Rus ekonomisinin önemli bir gelir kaynağınadönüşmüştür. Kömür ve petrol alanında başlayan enerji ticareti, zamanla doğal gaz alanına taşınmış veson olarak iki ülke, Türkiye’nin ilk nükleer enerji santralinin inşası için anlaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada genelolarak Türkiye-Rusya enerji ilişkileri karşılıklı bağımlılık kapsamında değerlendirilmektedir. Enerjiilişkileri, iki ülke arasındaki siyasi krizlerden belirli ölçüde etkilenmesine rağmen, ilişkiler geneldekarşılıklı bağımlılık temelinde gelişmiştir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada ilk olarak karşılıklı bağımlılıkyaklaşımı açıklandıktan sonra, iki ülkenin enerji politikaları ve enerji profilleri incelenmektedir. Dahasonra çalışmanın ana eksenini oluşturan Türkiye-Rusya enerji ilişkilerinin gelişimi ele alınacaktır.Çalışma sonunda yapılan genel değerlendirmede, Türkiye ve Rusya arasında enerji alanında karşılıklıbağımlılığı olduğu, ancak Türkiye açısından bu bağımlılığın Rusya lehine dengesiz bağımlılığa dönüşmeriski taşıdığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Kü-Yerel Süreçte Kent Girişimciliği Bağlamında Kardeş Kent: Trabzon-Zigetvar Örneği
Authors: ERSAVAŞ KAVANOZ Suna , ERDEM Nisa
Published: March 2019

1970’lerde yaşanan ekonomik ve politik dönüşümlerle birlikte neo-liberal küreselleşmeye dayalı birtoplumsal ve toplumlararası düzen inşa edilmeye başlanmıştır. Kamu yönetimi bağlamında yerelleşme,belediyeler düzeyinde de güncelliğini korumaktadır. Küreselleşen dünyada belediyeler, sadece beldehalkının yerel ve ortak ihtiyaçlarını karşılamamakta, “dünyayı küresel bir köy” haline dönüştürecek biraraç olma niteliği de kazanmaktadır. Bu süreçte, belediye faaliyetlerinin ulusal sınırların dışına çıkmasıve farklı ülkelerin belediyeler aracılığıyla politika alış verişi yapıyor olmaları göze çarpmaktadır. Bubağlamda çalışma, Trabzon ile Zigetvar Belediyeleri arasındaki kardeş kent ilişkisini kent girişimciliğibağlamında kültürel, ekonomik ve sosyal etkileşim üzerinden değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.Çalışma için, Trabzon ve Zigetvar Belediyeleri arasında kardeş kent ilişkisinin oluşturulma sürecive sonrasında aktif olan birimlerdeki ilgili kişilerle yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat ve elektronik postayöntemi ile görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Diğer yandan, konu ile ilgili dokümanlar üzerindenincelemeler yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucu elde edilen bulgular, Trabzon ve Zigetvar arasında kardeşkent ilişkilerinin kurulmasında etkili olan faktörler ve kurulan kardeş kent ilişkisinden alınan sonuçlarolarak iki başlık altında değerlendirilmiştir.
Monitoring the effectiveness of hypothermia in perinatal asphyxia infants by urinary S100B levels
Authors: Bersani Iliana , Ferrari Fabrizio , Lugli Licia , Ivani Giorgio , Conio Alessandra , Moataza Bashir , Aboulgar Hanna , Mufeed Hala , Iskander Iman , Kornacka Maria , Gruzfeld Darek , Dotta Andrea , Savarese Immacolata , Chukhlantseva Natalia , Tina Lucia Gabriella , Nigro Francesco , Livolti Giovanni , Galvano Fabio , Serpero Laura , Colivicchi Micaela , Ianniello Patrizia , Pluchinotta Francesca , Anastasia Luigi , Baryshnikova Ekaterina , Gazzolo Diego
Published: March 2019

Background

Perinatal asphyxia is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates: The aim of the present study was to investigate, by means of longitudinal assessment of urinary S100B, the effectiveness of hypothermia, in infants complicated by perinatal asphyxia and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Methods

We performed a retrospective case-control study in 108 asphyxiated infants, admitted to nine tertiary departments for neonatal intensive care from January 2004 to July 2017, of whom 54 underwent hypothermia treatment and 54 did not. The concentrations of S100B protein in urine were measured using an immunoluminometric assay at first urination and 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 48, 72, 96, 108 and 120 h after birth. The results were correlated with the achievement of S100B levels within normal ranges at 72 h from hypothermia treatment. Routine laboratory parameters, longitudinal cerebral function monitoring, cerebral ultrasound and neurologic patterns were assessed according to standard protocols.

Results

Higher S100B concentrations were found in hypothermia-treated infants in both moderate (up to 12 h) and severe (up to 24 h) hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. S100B levels returned to normal ranges starting from 20 h of hypothermia treatment in moderate and from 36 h in severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Conclusions

The present results offer additional support to the usefulness of longitudinal neuro-biomarkers monitoring in asphyxiated infants treated by hypothermia. The pattern of S100B concentrations during hypothermia supports the need for further investigations aimed at reconsidering the time-window for patient recruitment and treatment, and the optimal duration of the cooling and rewarming phases of the hypothermia procedure.
Nutritional Value and Modelling of Carotenoids Extraction from Pumpkin (Cucurbita Moschata) Peel Flour By-Product
Authors: Lima Priscilla M. , Rubio Fernanda T. V. , Silva Marluci P. , Pinho Lorena S. , Kasemodel Márcia G. C. , Favaro-Trindade Carmen S. , Dacanal Gustavo C.
Published: March 2019

By-products from fruits and vegetables are slices and peels that have been removed or rejected by the food industry and are considered to have low commercial value. Pumpkin peel is a source of carotenoids, minerals, antioxidants and phenolic compounds. This work studied the nutritional value of pumpkin peel flours produced by convective drying (40 °C) and milling. Pumpkin peel flours contained high contents of insoluble fibres (24.46 g/100 g), potassium (19.1 g/kg) and iron (152.5 mg/kg). Carotenoids were extracted using hexane at 40 °C, and flour particles were classified by 35-, 80- and 100-mesh sieves. The total carotenoids content ranged from 216.9 to 306.8 μg/g. Fick’s second law model computed that 215 min was required to extract 99 % of the total carotenoids. This work evidenced the effects of particle size on carotenoids extraction efficiency and demonstrated that pumpkin by-product flour could be used as a food ingredient or natural dye.
An Evaluation of Simulation Debriefings on Student Nurses’ Perceptions of Clinical Reasoning and Learning Transfer: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Johnston Sandra , Nash Robyn , Coyer Fiona
Published: March 2019

To aim of this study was to explore undergraduate nursing student (n = 256) perceptions of clinical reasoning ability and learning transfer after participating in either a standard post simulation debriefing or a debriefing based on transfer of learning principles. Background: It is assumed that students will transfer what they have learned from simulation to real world practice, however, some students are unable to identify the relevance of simulated learning experiences if scenarios are dissimilar to clinical placement settings. The nature and extent what is able to be transferred from simulated to real settings is unclear, particularly in relation to complex processes such as clinical reasoning. Transfer of learning to a new situation involves deliberate cognitive effort, including reflection and mindful abstraction of central attributes of a problem. As reflection is a key element in learning transfer, the debriefing element of simulation was seen to be a platform for this study. Method: A convergent parallel mixed methods design used a pre-test, post-test survey and focus group interviews. Results: No statistically significant difference in post-test clinical reasoning scores between groups was found. There was a statistically significant improvement in 12 out of 15 criteria among the control group and in 8 of the criteria among the intervention group. Qualitative findings provided some evidence that learning had transferred to clinical settings. Evidence of “near” transfer was more evident than “far” transfer. Conclusion: Positive findings included that all students perceived they had transferred the skills of patient assessment and effective communication during episodes of patient care. The concept of a “framework” being verbalized by many of the intervention group during practice is a promising finding and may be a useful direction for further research focusing on the instructional demonstration of explicitly promoting a level of abstraction of problems and prompting participants to search for conceptual connections. This may indicate retained idea or concepts from the debriefing which may be useful in future practice.
The Optimal Design of a Functionally Graded Corrugated Cylindrical Shell under Axisymmetric Loading
Authors: Andrianov I. I. , Awrejcewicz J. , Diskovsky A.A.
Published: March 2019

Optimization of parameters of the corrugated shell aims to achieve its minimum weight while keeping maximum stiffness ability. How an introduction of functionally graded corrugations resulted in improved efficiency of this thin-walled structure is demonstrated. The corrugations are graded varying their pitch. The effect of variation in pitch is studied. Homogenization approach gives explicit expressions to calculate the equivalent shell properties. Then well-elaborate methods of optimal design theory are used. The illustrative examples for hydrostatic load demonstrate a high efficiency of the used method.
Comparing the validity of continuous metabolic syndrome risk scores for predicting pediatric metabolic syndrome: the CASPIAN-V study
Authors: Khoshhali Mehri , Heshmat Ramin , Esmaeil Motlagh Mohammad , Ziaodini Hasan , Hadian Mahdi , Aminaei Tahereh , Qorbani Mostafa , Kelishadi Roya
Published: March 2019

Background

The aim of this study was to compare the validity of various approaches to pediatric continuous metabolic syndrome (cMetS) scores including siMS scores (2 waist/height + fasting blood glucose [FBG]/5.6 + triglycerides [TG]/1.7 + systolic blood pressure [BP]/130 + high-density lipoprotein [HDL]/1.02), Z-scores, principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for predicting metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods

This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted on 4200 Iranian children and adolescents aged 7–18 years. The cMetS was computed using data on HDL, cholesterol, TGs, FBG, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and waist circumference (WC). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were used to compare the performances of different cMetS scores.

Results

Data of 3843 participants (52.4% boys) were available for the current study. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) age was 12.6 (3) and 12.3 (3.1) years for boys and girls, respectively. The differences in AUC values of cMetS scores were significant based on the Delong method. The AUCs (95% confidence interval [CI]) were for Z-scores, 0.94 (0.93, 0.95); first PCA, 0.91 (0.89, 0.93); sum PCA, 0.90 (0.88, 0.92), CFA, 0.79 (0.76, 0.3) and also for siMS scores 1 to 3 as 0.93 (0.91, 0.94), 0.92 (0.90, 0.93), and 0.91 (0.90, 0.93), respectively.

Conclusions

The results of our study indicated that the validity of all approaches for cMetS scores for predicting MetS was high. Given that the siMS scores are simple and practical, it might be used in clinical and research practice.
Pitfalls in the diagnosis of insulin autoimmune syndrome (Hirata’s disease) in a hypoglycemic child: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Dos Santos Tiago Jeronimo , Passone Caroline Gouvêa Buff , Ybarra Marina , Ito Simone Sakura , Teles Milena Gurgel , Manna Thais Della , Damiani Durval
Published: March 2019

Background

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a rare cause of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH) not addressed as a potential differential diagnosis in current pediatric guidelines. We present a case of IAS in a child with no previous history of autoimmune disease, no previous intake of triggering medications and absence of genetic predisposition.

Case presentation

A 6-year-old boy presented with recurrent HH (blood glucose of 26 mg/dL [1.4 mmol/L] and insulin of 686 μU/mL). Abdominal imaging was normal. After multiple therapeutic failures, we hypothesized misuse of exogenous insulin and factitious hypoglycemia. Council of Guardianship had the child separated from his mother, but insulin levels remained high. A chromatography test was then performed which showed high titers of endogenous insulin autoantibody (IAA) with early dissociation from the insulin molecule. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) test showed aDRB1 *13:01/*08:02genotype. The patient was advised to control food intake and physical activity routines. During a 5-year follow-up, hypoglycemic episodes were sparse, despite high insulin levels.

Conclusions

Misdiagnosis of IAS with factitious hypoglycemia may happen if IAS is not considered as a differential diagnosis, leading to potential traumatic consequences. Further efforts should be made to increase awareness of IAS as a differential diagnosis of hypoglycemia and to include it in pediatric guidelines.
Evaluation of long-term follow-up and methimazole therapy outcomes of pediatric Graves’ disease: a single-center experience
Authors: Bayramoğlu Elvan , Elmaogulları Selin , Sagsak Elif , Aycan Zehra
Published: March 2019

Background

The management options for Graves’ disease in children are limited and there is controversy regarding optimal treatment. Remission rate with anti-thyroid drug (ATD) treatment in children is said to be lower than in adults. Definitive treatments are effective, but they often result in permanent hypothyroidism. The objective of this study was to investigate the outcome of methimazole treatment, identify significant predictors of a remission and evaluate the adverse effects of methimazole in a pediatric population of GD patients.

Methods

Medical records of the patients who had been diagnosed with Graves’ disease were screened retrospectively. Diagnostic criteria included elevated free thyroxine (fT4) and total triiodothyronine (T3), suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and either positive thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) or thyroid receptor antibodies (TRABs) or clinical signs suggestive of Graves’ disease, for example, exophthalmos. Remission was defined as maintenance of euthyroidism for more than 12 months after discontinuing methimazole treatment.

Results

Of the 48 patients, provisional remission was achieved in 21 patients. Of the 21 patients, 14 experienced a relapse (66.6%). Remission was achieved in seven (24.1%) of 29 patients who received methimazole treatment for more than 2 years. In patients who achieved long-term remission, the male sex ratio and fT4 levels at diagnosis were significantly lower than the relapsed and non-remission groups, whereas the free triiodothyronine (fT3)/fT4 ratio and duration of methimazole treatment were significantly higher than the relapse group.

Conclusions

Long-term methimazole treatment in pediatric Graves’ disease would be appropriate. High fT4 levels at the time of diagnosis and male sex were associated with a risk of relapse.
The crystal structure of 3-cyclohexyl-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-2,4-dione, C15H22O4
Authors: Wu-Lan Zeng , Wan Xin
Published: March 2019

C15H22O4, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.7370(5) Å, b = 11.4565(7) Å, c = 10.0430(6) Å, β = 103.340(1)°, V = 1425.95(13) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0508, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1406, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of (2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)triphenylphosphonium trifluoroacetate — trifluoroacetic acid (1/1), C31H27F6O6P
Authors: Smit Jireh B.M. , Marais Charlene , Malan Frederick P. , Bezuidenhout Barend C.B.
Published: March 2019

C31H27F6O6P, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.0017(2) Å, b = 11.1702(3) Å, c = 17.8353(4) Å, α = 104.9000(10)°, β = 96.5360(10)°, γ = 97.7380(10)°, V = 1508.05(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0354, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0896, T = 150(2) K.
Crystal structure of 1,1′-methylenebis(4-tert-butylpyridinium) tetrachloridocobaltate(II) – dichloromethane (1:1), C20H30Cl6CoN2
Authors: Ayom Gwaza E. , Zamisa Sizwe J. , Van Zyl Werner E.
Published: March 2019

C20H30Cl6CoN2, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 20.756(1) Å, b = 9.3427(5) Å, c = 27.6827(12) Å, V = 5368.1(5) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0235, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0593, T = 100(2) K.
Samuel Lebens. Bertrand Russell and the Nature of Propositions: A History and Defence of the Multiple Relation Theory of Judgement
Authors: Carey Rosalind
Published: March 2019

Reviewed by Rosalind Carey.
Association of Functional Movement Screen and Y-Balance Test Scores With Injury in High School Athletes
Authors: Lisman Peter , Hildebrand Emily , Nadelen Mary , Leppert Kyle
Published: March 2019

Lisman, P, Hildebrand, E, Nadelen, M, and Leppert, K. Association of functional movement screen and Y-Balance Test scores with injury in high school athletes. J Strength Cond Res 35(7): 1930–1938, 2021—The purpose of this study was to determine the association between functional movement screen (FMS) and Y-Balance Test (YBT) performance and lower extremity injury in a sample of male high school athletes. A total of 124 high school football (n = 89), lacrosse (n = 25), and baseball (n = 10) players underwent FMS and YBT before the start of their competitive seasons. Time loss lower extremity injury incidence data were tracked by each team's certified athletic trainer and used for analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated to determine the optimal cutpoints for FMS composite score (CS) and YBT measures, including CS and reach distance asymmetry for anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions, for predicting injury. No cutpoints on the ROC curves maximized sensitivity and specificity; therefore, FMS CS and YBT measures (CS and asymmetry) were analyzed as continuous variables. Logistic regression models adjusted for age and sport revealed no significant associations between FMS CS and lower extremity injury (odds ratio [OR] = 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.83–1.20). Similar findings were found for YBT asymmetry in all directions (ORs ranged from 0.98 to 1.08) and CS (OR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.95–1.04). There were also no significant associations between the presence of asymmetry and low score (score of 1) on any individual FMS test and injury. Overall, FMS and YBT were not associated with increased risk of lower extremity injury in this sample of high school athletes. These findings do not support the use of FMS and YBT as stand-alone injury risk assessments in high school athletes.
Reactive Strength Index and Knee Extension Strength Characteristics Are Predictive of Single-Leg Hop Performance After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Birchmeier Thomas , Lisee Caroline , Geers Brent , Kuenze Christopher
Published: March 2019

Birchmeier, T, Lisee, C, Geers, B, and Kuenze, C. Reactive strength index and knee extension strength characteristics are predictive of single-leg hop performance after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Strength Cond Res 33(5): 1201–1207, 2019—Single-leg hop distance is incorporated into return to sport criteria after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) because of its relationship with knee extension strength; however, it may be related to other strength and plyometric characteristics. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between isometric knee extension strength and plyometric characteristics, including amortization and reactive strength index (RSI), measured during a single-leg drop vertical jump and single-leg hop performance in individuals with unilateral ACLR. Participants attended 2 testing sessions. During the first session, a biomechanical analysis using a 3D motion capture system was performed to measure RSI and amortization during a single-leg drop vertical jump for maximal height. Participants completed a single hop and a triple hop for maximal distance. During the second session, isometric knee extension strength was measured during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Strength characteristics included peak torque, rate of torque development (RTD), RTD 0–100 ms (RTD 100), and RTD 100–200 ms (RTD 200). Fifty-two individuals (17 men/35 women) participated. Multivariable regression models revealed jump height, peak torque, and RTD 200 explained 60.9% of the variance in normalized single-leg hop distance (p < 0.001). Reactive strength index, peak torque, RTD 200, and RTD 100 significantly explained 61.8% of the variance in normalized triple hop distance (p < 0.001). Single hop distance may indicate improved knee extension strength, whereas triple hop distance may indicate improvement in reactive strength. Training to improve RSI may improve triple hop performance and clinical outcomes in this population.
Exercise Response to Real Combat in Elite Taekwondo Athletes Before and After Competition Rule Changes
Authors: Janowski Michał , Zieliński Jacek , Kusy Krzysztof
Published: March 2019

Janowski, M, Zieliński, J, and Kusy, K. Exercise response to real combat in elite taekwondo athletes before and after competition rule changes. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2222–2229, 2021—We hypothesize that recent (2017) changes in competition rules significantly affected kinematic (mechanical activity) and physiological (cardiopulmonary indices and lactate concentration) profile of the taekwondo combat, which is currently becoming more demanding in terms of exercise intensity and fatigue. Twenty two male and female elite taekwondo athletes were followed up for over 2 years. In total, 258 real tournament combats were included in the analysis (133 in old rules and 125 in new rules). Kinematic and physiological characteristics were recorded using a biomonitor (BioHarness 3; Zephyr Technologies) worn by athletes during tournaments. Blood samples were drawn after each combat for lactate concentration. Our research showed that recent amendments of competition rules were linked to a noticeable shift toward higher kinematic output and, consequently, increased physiological response. Significant increments in kinematic variables (3–8%), heart rate (HR) (1.5–1.8%), energy expenditure (EE) (3–5%), overall physiological load (2–4%), and lactate concentration (∼15% immediately after exercise and ∼25% in recovery) suggest that new rules are more demanding, although the statistical effect size is only small or moderate. In conclusion, after competition rule changes, there has been a shift in taekwondo combat profile toward greater body movement dynamics, higher intensity, and greater postexercise fatigue. The values of key indices of exercise response (mechanical activity, HR, EE, and lactate concentration) during tournaments are near or exceeding the maximum attained during progressive exercise until exhaustion. Therefore, more focus is needed on taekwondo-specific high-intensity training and postcombat recovery to adapt athletes to increased competition requirements.
From Pedestrian Thoroughfare to Public Space: The Social Life of the Esplanade Underpass
Authors: Nguyen Hoa
Published: March 2019

This study examines the Esplanade Underpass, an underground thoroughfare in Singapore that supports a range of public users and uses, despite not being a formally planned or officially designated public space. The Esplanade Underpass serves as an interesting case study as most public spaces in Singapore are zoned and governed by regulations of various kinds. The Esplanade Underpass, however, is minimally subject to these forms of surveillance and control. This research asks: What are the characteristics of the Esplanade Underpass that set it apart from the narrative of order and control often imposed upon public spaces in Singapore?” Through participant observation and interviews, the study investigates the users and uses of the Underpass. The study reveals how a range of users of the Underpass adapt the physical space for various uses, consequently establishing a series of informal social norms. Through varied habitual uses, the Underpass has been transformed from a place of transit into a meaningful public space which possesses a vibrant social life. The study highlights the nuances of social engagement that can work to make spaces “public” and offers a novel understanding of informally formed public space in Singapore.
Online Fandom: Social Identity and Social Hierarchy of Hallyu Fans
Authors: Abd-Rahim Atiqah
Published: March 2019

Hallyu fans are people who are dedicated to popular culture in South Korea, including music, drama and film. This study focuses on fans of Korean pop music, which is known as K-pop. Developments in digital communication technology have given rise to media such as forums, websites, video channels, and fan sites that are consumed by K-pop fans. Fans participate in multiple fandoms because these websites are easily accessed by public audiences. However, problems arise when fans start to compete, using their knowledge to help validate their existence and to help the perception of authentic identities within fan communities. This paper is based on virtual ethnographic fieldwork that identified fans’ constructions of their own identities and the building of a social hierarchy through various online practices. The research findings are based on four months of fieldwork with two online Hallyu fandoms; ELF (Ever Lasting Friends) and A.R.M.Y (Adorable Representative M.C. for Youth). The findings reveal that conflicts exist in certain fandoms which aid in defining fan identities and, at the same time, fans undertake positive socialising actions which contribute to the fandom itself. Interactions between fandoms also need to be recognised, since online fandoms can be seen as borderless.
A disease-specific Quality of Life questionnaire for primary aldosteronism
Authors: Velema Marieke Stientje , de Nooijer Aline , Hermus Ad R M M , Timmers Henri J L M , Lenders Jacques W M , Husson Olga , Deinum Jaap
Published: March 2019

Objective

To develop a primary aldosteronism (PA) disease-specific Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) questionnaire.

Methods

We included newly diagnosed patients with PA (n = 26), and patients with PA after adrenalectomy (n = 25) or treated with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (n = 25). According to the guidelines for developing HRQoL questionnaires from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC): Phase I: systematic literature review followed by focus group meetings with patients (n = 13) resulting in a list of 94 HRQoL issues. Relevance of issues was rated by 18 other patients and by health care professionals (n = 15), resulting in 30 remaining issues. Phase II: selected issues were converted into questions. Phase III: the provisional questionnaire was pre-tested by a third group of patients (n = 45) who also completed the EORTC core Quality of Life questionnaire (QLQ-C30). Psychometric testing resulted in a final selection of questions with their scale structure.

Results

After the collection and selection of HRQoL issues a provisional questionnaire consisting of 30 items was formed. Of these items, 26 could be assigned to one of the four scales ‘physical and mental fatigue’, ‘anxiety and stress’, ‘fluid balance’ and ‘other complaints’ cumulatively accounting for 68% of variation in all items. All scales had good reliability and validity. There was a significant correlation of all four scales with the QLQ-C30 in most cases.

Conclusions

We developed the first PA-specific HRQoL questionnaire (PA-QoL) using standard, methodologically proven guidelines. After completion of the final validation (phase IV, international field testing), the questionnaire can be implemented into clinical practice.
Androgen receptor enhancer usage and the chromatin regulatory landscape in human prostate cancers
Authors: Stelloo Suzan , Bergman Andries M , Zwart Wilbert
Published: March 2019

The androgen receptor (AR) is commonly known as a key transcription factor in prostate cancer development, progression and therapy resistance. Genome-wide chromatin association studies revealed that transcriptional regulation by AR mainly depends on binding to distal regulatory enhancer elements that control gene expression through chromatin looping to gene promoters. Changes in the chromatin epigenetic landscape and DNA sequence can locally alter AR-DNA-binding capacity and consequently impact transcriptional output and disease outcome. The vast majority of reports describing AR chromatin interactions have been limited to cell lines, identifying numerous other factors and interacting transcription factors that impact AR chromatin interactions. Do these factors also impact AR cistromics – the genome-wide chromatin-binding landscape of AR – in vivo? Recent technological advances now enable researchers to identify AR chromatin-binding sites and their target genes in human specimens. In this review, we provide an overview of the different factors that influence AR chromatin binding in prostate cancer specimens, which is complemented with knowledge from cell line studies. Finally, we discuss novel perspectives on studying AR cistromics in clinical samples.
Use of F2 Bulks in Training Sets for Genomic Prediction of Combining Ability and Hybrid Performance
Authors: Technow Frank
Published: March 2019

Developing training sets for genomic prediction in hybrid crops requires producing hybrid seed for a large number of entries. In autogamous crop species (e.g., wheat, rice, rapeseed, cotton) this requires elaborate hybridization systems to prevent self-pollination and presents a significant impediment to the implementation of hybrid breeding in general and genomic selection in particular. An alternative to F1 hybrids are bulks of F2 seed from selfed F1 plants (F1:2). Seed production for F1:2 bulks requires no hybridization system because the number of F1 plants needed for producing enough F1:2 seed for multi-environment testing can be generated by hand-pollination. This study evaluated the suitability of F1:2 bulks for use in training sets for genomic prediction of F1 level general combining ability and hybrid performance, under different degrees of divergence between heterotic groups and modes of gene action, using quantitative genetic theory and simulation of a genomic prediction experiment. The simulation, backed by theory, showed that F1:2 training sets are expected to have a lower prediction accuracy relative to F1 training sets, particularly when heterotic groups have strongly diverged. The accuracy penalty, however, was only modest and mostly because of a lower heritability, rather than because of a difference in F1 and F1:2 genetic values. It is concluded that resorting to F1:2 bulks is, in theory at least, a promising approach to remove the significant complication of a hybridization system from the breeding process.
“Cardos” of two worlds: Transfer and re-signification of the uses of thistles between the Iberian Peninsula and Argentina
Authors: Hernandez Bermejo Jacinto Esteban , Delucchi Gustavo , Charra Gustavo , Pochettino María Lelia , Hurrell Julio Alberto
Published: March 2019

“Thistles” constitute a group of prickly herbaceous plants included in the Cardueae tribe (Asteraceae), but in the popular sense that concept is frequently applied to other species of the same family, as well as to some Dipsacaceae, Bromeliaceae, Apiaceae or Cactaceae. Since antiquity, the cultivation and use of thistles for food and medicinal purposes has been well known in the Mediterranean cultures. The different popular knowledge could allow us to refer to a “thistle culture”. During the exploration of America, many of those species and their associated knowledge were transferred from the Old to the New World. In Argentina, several species of thistles, especially Cynara cardunculus, spread extensively throughout the pampas. From early times, they constituted a source of food and low quality fuel, and in several cases they were also employed in popular medicine, with diverse uses, some of which are still in practice. The local importance of some species is mentioned in gaucho literature, arts, and gastronomy. In the 20th century, a large production of artichokes from introduced crops that increased local agro-diversity was recorded in Argentina. This contribution summarizes some aspects of the transfer and re-signification of the thistle between the Iberian Peninsula and Argentina.
New host and distribution record of Pontobdella macrothela (Schmarda, 1861) (Annelida, Hirudinea) from a Grey Reef Shark, Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos (Bleeker, 1856), in Mozambique, Western Indian Ocean
Authors: Keating Daly Clare A. , Orrell Danielle , da Silva Isabel M. , Macuio João P. F. , Hempton Tessa N. , Ziembicki Mark , Hussey Nigel E. , Daly Ryan
Published: March 2019

This report describes the first record of the piscicolid leech Pontobdella macrothela from Mozambique waters and the first record of P. macrothela parasitizing a Grey Reef Shark (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos). The leech, P. macrothela, was found attached externally between the third and fourth gill slits of a shark captured off Vamizi Island, Quirimbas Archipelago, northern Mozambique.
An enhanced nodal gradient finite element for non-linear heat transfer analysis
Authors: Nguyen Minh Ngoc , Truong Tich Thien , Bui Tinh Quoc
Published: March 2019

The present work is devoted to the analysis of non-linear heat transfer problems using the recent development of consective-interpolation procedure. Approximation of temperature is enhanced by taking into account both the nodal values and their averaged nodal gradients, which results in an improved finite element model. The novel formulation possesses many desirable properties including higher accuracy and higher-order continuity, without any change of the total number of degrees of freedom. The non-linear heat transfer problems equation is linearized and iteratively solved by the Newton-Raphson scheme. To show the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method, several numerical examples are hence considered and analyzed.