bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ĉu veraj aŭ falsaj amikoj? Leksikaj (mal)koincidoj en la tradukado inter la hispana kaj Esperanto
Authors: Jaskot Maciej Paweł
Published: September 2023

Tiu ĉi artikolo ekestas de la intereso de la aŭtoro rilate al leksikaj fenomenoj observeblaj inter similaj lingvoj. La artikolo komenciĝas per enkonduko en la temon de falsaj amikoj, post kiu sekvas prezento de difinoj de la pritraktata fenomeno. Poste la aŭtoro prezentas sian proponon de klasifiko de hispanaj-esperantaj falsaj amikoj. La priskribometodo de la fenomeno de falsaj amikoj estas simpla. Estis selektitaj esperantaj vortoj, kiuj laŭ la aŭtoro – pro siaj grafika aŭ akustika formo – povas konfuzi parolanton de la hispana. La aŭtoro estas konscia, ke la proponita elekto koncernas eblajn falsajn amikojn pro tio, ke oni disponas pri neniaj studoj povantaj konfirmi kiom ofte ripetiĝas la misutiligo de iu esperanta vorto uzita kun hispandevena signifo.
Kio okazis en la komunismaj landoj de meza kaj orienta Eŭropo?
Authors: Alcalde Javier
Published: September 2023

La unuaj klopodoj por revivigi la Esperanto-movadon post la dua mondmilito en centra kaj orienta Eŭropo renkontis multajn obstaklojn de la aŭtoritatoj. Tamen la subpremo ne estis absoluta en la komunista bloko; ĝi varias de lando al lando kaj dependas plejparte de ĉiu aŭtoritato. La morto de Stalin en 1953 ebligis eniri novan periodon por la esperantistoj. Laŭ pluraj kriterioj, la plej grava socia movado en tiuj landoj ĝis 1990 estis ĝuste la Esperanto-movado. Ekzistis pli da asocioj pri Esperanto ol asocioj pri homaj rajtoj, paco, medio, ktp. Krome la Esperanto-grupoj havis pli da internaciaj ligoj ol la aliaj. Kontraŭe, la 90aj jaroj vidis la disfalon de la Esperanto-movado en tiuj landoj, pro diversaj kialoj. Post sugesto de iuj hipotezoj tiurilate, la teksto finas emfazante la bezonon de plua esplorado en ĉi tiu studfako.
O Antropoceno e os oximoros tecno-sublimes na arte contemporânea
Authors: Furtado Manuel
Published: September 2023

Partindo da triangulação entre arte, Antropoceno e sublime, articula-se o pensamento de Bourriaud, Latour e Haraway, aprofundando esses conceitos por uma perspectiva histórica da arte contemporânea que potencie a projeção de cenários futuros. Na tentativa de identificar uma base conceptual mais recuada desenvolve-se um exercício arqueológico por meio da obra de artistas como Beuys, Haacke ou Denes, pontos de referência que permitirão definir trajetórias e tendências atuais. Será ponderado o legado de Buckminster Fuller, incluindo o projeto Biosphere 2, para firmar a dinâmica científico-artística, essencial à especulação filosófica desses temas. Pensam-se em seguida obras de Goldsworthy, Turrell e Saraceno à luz da definição de espaços e tempos específicos de cada um dos conceitos deste artigo: Antropoceno (tempo geológico e um espaço sem exterior), sublime (escala histórico-biológica) e arte (espaço ficcional e tempo individual). Para evidenciar a dinâmica mutuamente potenciadora do sublime e do Antropoceno, são ponderadas algumas obras da Documenta 13, nomeadamente de Huyge, Pentecost, Dong, Buch, Kyungwon e Joonho. Pensa-se ainda o tecno-sublime de Jameson em tentativa de aprofundar o pós-humano, ponderando a eventual obsolescência do humano e algumas formas de essa ser evitada.
Modernidade negra: trilhas para pensar o modernismo brasileiro
Authors: Carvalho Francione Oliveira
Published: September 2023

Em 2022, 100 anos da realização da Semana de Arte Moderna, muitos eventos, colóquios e textos das mais importantes pesquisadoras e pesquisadores da arte nacional, e alguns internacionais, ora “celebram”, ora “problematizam”, “contextualizam”, “criticam”, “questionam”, “reafirmam” a importância da Semana de 1922 para a cultura brasileira. A contribuição deste texto, de caráter ensaístico, é apontar ideias e fatos − e sobre eles refletir − que possam nos ajudar a compreender de que maneira as questões de raça e das identidades atravessam o movimento modernista e a modernidade. Se, em sua origem, a modernidade foi uma noção ocidental feita para pensar o Ocidente, o sociólogo Antonio Sérgio Guimarães denominará modernidade negra o processo de inclusão cultural e simbólica dos negros a essa sociedade. Para compreender esse fenômeno, acionamos a ideia de diáspora como rede de relações imaginadas ou reais entre povos ou comunidades espalhadas pelo Atlântico Negro, segundo Paul Gilroy, e a categoria de branquitude na tentativa de pensar juntos como a valorização do que é branco e europeu funda não somente um projeto de país, mas a maneira como acionaremos as ideias, as produções e os eventos protagonizados por não brancos.
Da destruição à reativação do vivo: a arte como estratégia de resistência ao extrativismo da nossa pulsão vital
Authors: Huven Paula
Published: September 2023

A explícita relação de exploração com a Terra desdobra-se no assalto das nossas subjetividades. Este artigo visa descrever essa relação principalmente a partir de um diálogo entre a cosmologia yanomami, por meio da obra literária A queda do céu, de Davi Kopenawa e Bruce Albert, e do trabalho fotográfico de Claudia Andujar, buscando compreender a arte como estratégia de resistência ao extrativismo da nossa pulsão vital e forte aliada para criação de outros mundos possíveis. O percurso teórico é traçado na esteira das concepções de descolonização do pensamento, proposta por Eduardo Viveiros de Castro e da descolonização do inconsciente, elaborada por Suely Rolnik, aliadas ao chamado para reativar os vínculos com a Terra e com os espíritos, pronunciado por Isabelle Stengers.
Rebeliões de extinção
Authors: Demos T. J. , Leal André
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo analisa como diferentes grupos ambientalistas encaram questões de justiça climática e desigualdades raciais em face da emergência climática e da emergência do Antropoceno, apresentando produções artísticas que mobilizam questões afins.
PHYTOCHEMICAL RESEARCH OF SOME ETHANOMEDICINAL PLANTS OF FAMILY LAMIACEAE FROM FOREST RANGE OF VILLAGE PIMPALGAON CHILAMKHA TQ. DEULGAON RAJA DIST.BULDHANA (MS)
Authors: Salve Mahendra
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

The members of lamiaceae family consist of fragrant plants which can be being used in traditional medicine for diverse problems used as medicinal drug all around the global. Also, some of the secondary metabolites remoted from this family have proven interesting biological function. In this study we've got analyzed phytochemicals of some plant life from lamiaceae own family (ocimum sanctum, ocimum gratissimum, mentha arvensis). The plant species were accrued and systematically recognized for the duration of last two years i.e 2020 to 2022. The conventional and neighborhood makes use of of collected flowers have been questioned via knowledgeable consent semi-structured interviews with nearby informants. The samples had been extracted the usage of solvents like chloroform, ethanol, and water. Phytochemical analysis was performed to check the presence of compounds inclusive of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoides. The presence of these phytochemicals can be correlated with the medicinal capacity of this plant.

Keywords: medicinal plants, lamiaceae, acetone extract, methanol extract, water extract phytochemicals
Outcomes Assessments of Sleeve Gastrectomy in a Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Rats
Authors: Hanipah Zubaidah Nor , Mohammad Abolfathi , Nazari Afshin , Mohd-Yusof Barakatun-Nisak , Falahi Ebrahim , Yusof Loqman Mohamad , Zynivand Mahtab , Sabran Mohd Redzwan , Gheitasvand Mohsen , Adeli Omid Ali , Hanipah Zubaidah Nor
Published: September 2023

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a valuable procedure in treating or improving obesity, the risk factor of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). This study aimed to investigate the 12-week outcomes of SG in NASH-induced sprague-dawley rats. Methods: A 12-week high-fat diet-induced male sprague-dawley rat model of NASH (n=24; 6 weeks of age) was randomized into three groups; Sleeve gastrectomy (SG; n=8), Sham Surgery (SS; n=8), and Control (C; n=8). The SG and SS groups underwent surgery in week 12. Results: After 12 weeks of surgical intervention, rats in the SG group had significant weight reduction -16.5% (p < 0.001) but weight increment was seen in the SS and C groups; +1.9 % (p>0.05) and +10.0% (p<0.001), respectively. The SG group showed significantly lower serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as compared to the SS and C groups (p< 0.05). The serum levels of lipid profiles, inflammatory parameters and hepatic antioxidant capacities in the SG group were comparable to the SS group (p>0.05). In 24 weeks, the harvested livers showed no significant differences between the degrees of steatosis, ballooning, inflammation, and NAS in the SG group as compared to the SS groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: SG showed significant weight loss and liver function improvement with no improvement of liver histology, hepatic antioxidant activity, and inflammatory factors, in the NASH-induced animal model after 3 months. A longer-term study is warranted to confirm the benefits of SG in liver histology and other inflammatory factors.
Kecerdasan Finansial Anak Usia Dini melalui Pola Pembiasaan Transaksi Terbatas
Authors: Hanur Binti Su'aidah , Najichah Binti
Published: September 2023

This research tries to observe how RA Al Hidayah implemented the financial intelligence towards their early childhood students through limited transaction management habits. This research used descriptive qualititave method. Etnography study was used to analyze the data obtained. The research subject was all of early childhood students and the teachers in RA Al Hidayah Kediri. The data was collected through interview, observation and selfreport. The result of the study has shown that it was not succesfully implemented because it still requires a variety of instruments, ranging from varied methods, educational tools specifically for financial intelligence, and the creativity of educators in processing activities and materials and the biggest obstacle is minimal parental involvement, thus requiring two-way communication with parents and existing stake holders to succeed this.
Curriculum Development, Guidance, and Innovation in Schools
Authors: Ulum Miftachul , Mun'im Abdul
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research is to explain the purpose of developing, fostering and innovating curriculum. Want to explain the renewal of the school curriculum and the impact of curriculum reform in schools. The research method used is library research starting from collecting research materials to analysis. The results of the research Curriculum development and development activities are activities that alternate or can be said as one cycle, after the development activities are completed, they are continued with coaching activities. Renewal does not by itself bring improvement even though it is intended to improve / improve quality. This depends on the implementation and assessment of the value system is determined. Every curriculum change must have a clear philosophy that underlies it, it also needs intensive outreach to the community
La atención para el aprendizaje. ¿Cómo mejorarla?
Authors: Luna Emma Laura , Salgado Oviedo Patricia Beatriz , Moyano Guamán Mayra Alejandra
Published: September 2023

La atención como proceso fundamental para la adquisición de conocimiento permite enfocar la mente en un estímulo o tarea específica y filtrar distracciones irrelevantes. En el aprendizaje, el éxito o fracaso del estudiante depende de la debida atención que preste a las clases, actividades e indicaciones de los docentes. La atención y la memoria pueden ser entrenadas y reforzadas con la práctica, por lo que los docentes deben implementar estrategias que motiven a los estudiantes a tener mayor interés y compromiso con las actividades escolares. El presente estudio analiza aspectos conceptuales relacionados con la atención y el aprendizaje mediante una revisión documental y sintetiza los principales hallazgos y estrategias a aplicar para mejorar esta problemática. Como resultados se presentan los factores que influyen en la baja atención y una guía para optimizar la atención de los alumnos que incluye los siguientes componentes: motivación, actividades participativas, implementación de normas de convivencia, retroalimentación, análisis del estado emocional, estimulación de la memoria visual, establecimiento de objetivos de aprendizaje, generación de emociones y actitudes positivas, empleo del aprendizaje basado en problemas, aprendizaje cooperativo, actividades lúdicas y artísticas, TICs, estímulos sensoriales, medidas organizativas, actitud positiva del docente, currículo actualizado, descansos activos, de gimnasia cerebral y representaciones simbólicas.
Learning style preferences among clinical year physiotherapy students in Ghana
Authors: Afrifa D B A , Quartey J , Kwakyee S
Published: September 2023

Background. Learning style is the manner by which one learns. Every student has a different and unique learning style. However, the educational implication of learning style preferences has been a source of controversy among researchers and educators.Objectives. To determine the learning style preferences of clinical year physiotherapy students.Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 82 undergraduate physiotherapy students from two universities in Ghana. A data-capturing form was used to obtain participants’ sociodemographic information, while the Kolb learning style questionnaire was used to determine the learning style preferences of the students. The χ2 statistic was used to determine the association between gender and learning style preferences, as well as between level of study and learning style preferences.

Results. The participants comprised 43 (52.4%) male students and 39 (47.6%) female students. Eight (9.8%) students preferred the accommodating learning style, 46 (56.0%) preferred the diverging learning style, 15 (18.3%) preferred the assimilating learning style and 13 (15.9%) preferred the converging learning style. There was a significant association between gender and preferred learning style (p=0.027), but no significant association between level of study and preferred learning style (p=0.179).

Conclusion. This study revealed that the diverging learning style was the most preferred style, followed by the assimilating learning style. However, there was no association between gender and learning style preferences, as well as level of study and learning style preferences. Further research should be conducted to find the association between the learning environments and the learning style preferences.
Interactive learning objects as a solution to challenges in basic medical science teaching
Authors: Keiller L , Alblas A , Foiret J R , Keiller A V
Published: September 2023

Background. As a core component of any health professions curriculum, basic medical science modules facilitate learning of biology, anatomy, histology and physiology content. To redress the challenges of class size and poor tertiary education readiness, interactive learning objects could facilitate learning and enhance engagement between lecturers and students.Objective. To determine whether the use of learning objects in a basic medical science first-year module is an effective tool for enhancing the student learning experience.

Methods. A case study research design with mixed methods of data collection was used. Participants provided informed consent for this study. Learning objects were incorporated into a basic medical sciences first-year module in the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa. A correlation analysis between usage statistics and assessment results was used to determine the academic effectiveness of this intervention. A thematic network analysis identified the barriers and enablers of the intervention.

Results. Student attempts at learning objects correlated with a higher assessment outcome for two of the three tutorials. Technical difficulties, timing and assessment format were barriers to learning with the use of learning objects. Enablers to learning included student enjoyment, facilitating understanding of core concepts, adaptation to new ways of learning and formative assessment. The module team received valuable feedback on the constructed learning environment through the qualitative data collected from students within this study.

Conclusion. Interactive learning objects are useful and effective tools for facilitating learning in the context of large, diverse first-year health professions education classes.
Prevalence of comorbid disease and associated risk factors among homeless people living in temporary shelters during the COVID-19 lockdown in Tshwane, South Africa
Authors: Phiri T V , Gloeck N , Musekiwa A
Published: September 2023

Background. People experiencing homelessness are among the most socially and medically vulnerable populations.
Objectives. To assess the prevalence of comorbid disease and associated risk factors among homeless people admitted to temporary shelters in the City of Tshwane during levels 4 and 5 of the COVID-19 national lockdown in South Africa.
Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The sample was drawn from secondary data on all individuals placed in temporary shelters constructed by Tshwane during levels 4 and 5 of the COVID-19 lockdown (26 March - 31 May 2020). Descriptive statistics were used to summarise data, and a multivariable logistic regression model was applied to determine factors associated with comorbid disease.
Results. The overall prevalence of comorbid disease among homeless people in temporary shelters in Tshwane was 28.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 26.9 - 30.8). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of comorbid disease by illicit substance use (29.9% for users v. 29.5% for non-users; p=0.871). In adjusted analyses, being South African (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.06; 95% CI 1.10 - 3.88; p=0.024), being female (aOR 3.73; 95% CI 1.85 - 7.53; p<0.001), being black (aOR 3.43; 95% CI 1.12 - 10.54; p=0.031) or white (aOR 6.11; 95% CI 1.55 - 24.0; p=0.01), and injecting substances (aOR 1.68; 95% CI 1.19 - 2.37; p=0.003) were significantly associated with having comorbid disease.
Conclusion. The study found a 28.8% prevalence of comorbid disease among homeless people placed in temporary shelters in Tshwane. In adjusted analysis, being South African, being female, black and white race, and injecting substances were associated with having comorbid disease. Strengthening of public health interventions such as needle and syringe exchange programmes, family planning and access to primary care with health education could improve the healthcare of people experiencing homelessness.
Medicine and the Law
Authors: Khan M S
Published: September 2023

There is a plethora of literature that suggests that a failure by a medical practitioner to obtain informed consent from a patient amounts to assault. Assault is a loaded concept in South African (SA) law, and has applicability to both criminal and civil law. When one thinks of the term ‘assault’, it is normally associated with a criminal activity. It is well documented that a civil case can be levelled against a medical practitioner who fails to obtain informed consent from a patient. However, the criminal law aspect has not been explored in the same level of detail. This article aims to delve deeper into this aspect by outlining the requirements for assault as defined by the SA common law, and to evaluate whether a criminal offence has actually been committed by a medical practitioner in the event that proper informed consent was not obtained.
Los simbolismos de los numerales en el "tonalpohualli" centromexicano
Authors: Dehouve Danièle
Published: September 2023

Este artículo trata del calendario adivinatorio de 260 días llamado tonalpohualli, formado por 20 signos y 13 numerales, en uso en el centro de México en la época de la conquista española. A partir del análisis de almanaques provenientes de algunos códices del llamado Grupo Borgia, se quiere demostrar que el principio que generaba sus simbolismos era el de la sucesión de los días, dentro de un sistema basado en la omnipresencia del “cuatro”, asociado con un movimiento de derecha a izquierda que designaba y recreaba el movimiento del sol. Se muestra con los ejemplos de los “uno”, “cinco”, “nueve” y “trece” que el simbolismo de las deidades que reinaban sobre varios periodos de tiempo iba de la mano con el orden de los numerales que las calificaban en el tonalpohualli.
Berry curvature induced unconventional electronic transport behaviors in magnetic topological semimetals
Authors: Yang Jin-Ying , Wang Bin-Bin , Liu En-Ke ,   State Key Laboratory for Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: September 2023

In recent years, more and more magnetic topological materials, especially magnetic Weyl semimetals, have been discovered, providing a platform for studying the electronic transport behavior. The strong Berry curvature of magnetic topological materials can significantly enhance the conventional transverse transport behaviors, and can also make the transport phenomena that have been overlooked or unobserved appear gradually. In this review, the semi-classical equation is used to understand the anomalous transport behaviors in magnetic topological materials. The intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity is obtained by integrating the Berry curvature of the occupied states, which is determined by the electronic band structure. The topological electronic state can be modulated by magnetic field and doping, and the anomalous Hall conductivity was changed with the evolution of the Berry curvature. A linear positive magnetoresistance behavior associated with the Berry curvature and magnetic field is introduced, which establishes the relation between the Berry curvature and the longitudinal transport. Due to the presence of tilted Weyl cone, the conductivity terms related to the first power of magnetic field are observed in magnetic Weyl systems. These behaviors under the interaction of topology and magnetic provide a new understanding and insight for the electric transport behaviors. At last, this review also provides a viewpoint on the field of magnetic topological physics.
Different rules for binocular combination of luminance flicker in cortical and subcortical pathways
Authors: Segala Federico G. , Bruno Aurelio , Martin Joel T. , Aung Myat T. , Wade Alex R. , Baker Daniel H.
Published: September 2023

How does the human brain combine information across the eyes? It has been known for many years that cortical normalisation mechanisms implement ‘ocularity invariance’: equalising neural responses to spatial patterns presented either monocularly or binocularly. Here we used a novel combination of electrophysiology, psychophysics, pupillometry and computational modelling to ask whether this invariance also holds for flickering luminance stimuli with no spatial contrast. We find dramatic violations of ocularity invariance for these stimuli, both in cortex and also in the subcortical pathways that govern pupil diameter. Specifically, we find substantial binocular facilitation in both pathways with the effect being strongest in cortex. Near-linear binocular additivity (instead of ocularity invariance) was also found using a perceptual luminance matching task. Ocularity invariance is therefore not a ubiquitous feature of visual processing, and the brain appears to repurpose a generic normalisation algorithm for different visual functions by adjusting the amount of interocular suppression.
Whole-genomes from the extinct Xerces Blue butterfly can help identify declining insect species
Authors: de-Dios Toni , Fontsere Claudia , Renom Pere , Stiller Josefin , Llovera Laia , Uliano-Silva Marcela , Sánchez-Gracia Alejandro , Wright Charlotte , Lizano Esther , Caballero Berta , Navarro Arcadi , Civit Sergi , Robbins Robert K. , Blaxter Mark , Marquès-Bonet Tomàs , Vila Roger , Lalueza-Fox Carles
Published: September 2023

The Xerces Blue (
Glaucopsyche xerces
) is considered to be the first butterfly to become extinct at global scale in historical times. It was notable for its chalky lavender wings with conspicuous white spots on the ventral wings. The last individuals were collected in their restricted habitat, in the dunes near the Presidio military base in San Francisco, in 1941. We sequenced the genomes of four 80 to 100-year-old Xerces Blue, and seven historical and one modern specimens of its closest relative, the Silvery Blue (
G. lygdamus
). We compared these to a novel annotated genome of the Green-Underside Blue (
G. alexis
). Phylogenetic relationships inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes indicate that Xerces Blue was a distinct species that diverged from the Silvery Blue lineage at least 850,000 years ago. Using nuclear genomes, both species experienced population growth during the Eemian interglacial period, but the Xerces Blue decreased to a very low effective population size subsequently, a trend opposite to that observed in the Silvery Blue. Runs of homozygosity and deleterious load in the Xerces Blue were significantly greater than in the Silvery Blue, suggesting a higher incidence of inbreeding. These signals of population decline observed in Xerces Blue could be used to identify and monitor other insects threatened by human activities, whose extinction patterns are still not well known.
Optimization of predictive performance of intrusion detection system using hybrid ensemble model for secure systems
Authors: Abbas Qaiser , Hina Sadaf , Sajjad Hamza , Zaidi Khurram Shabih , Akbar Rehan
Published: September 2023

Network intrusion is one of the main threats to organizational networks and systems. Its timely detection is a profound challenge for the security of networks and systems. The situation is even more challenging for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of developing countries where limited resources and investment in deploying foreign security controls and development of indigenous security solutions are big hurdles. A robust, yet cost-effective network intrusion detection system is required to secure traditional and Internet of Things (IoT) networks to confront such escalating security challenges in SMEs. In the present research, a novel hybrid ensemble model using random forest-recursive feature elimination (RF-RFE) method is proposed to increase the predictive performance of intrusion detection system (IDS). Compared to the deep learning paradigm, the proposed machine learning ensemble method could yield the state-of-the-art results with lower computational cost and less training time. The evaluation of the proposed ensemble machine leaning model shows 99%, 98.53% and 99.9% overall accuracy for NSL-KDD, UNSW-NB15 and CSE-CIC-IDS2018 datasets, respectively. The results show that the proposed ensemble method successfully optimizes the performance of intrusion detection systems. The outcome of the research is significant and contributes to the performance efficiency of intrusion detection systems and developing secure systems and applications.
Interaction of Val66Met BDNF and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms with prevalence of post-earthquake 27-F PTSD in Chilean population
Authors: Castillo-Navarrete Juan-Luis , Vicente Benjamin , Schmidt Kristin , Moraga-Escobar Esteban , Rojas-Ponce Romina , Lagos Paola , Macaya Ximena , Guzman-Castillo Alejandra
Published: September 2023

Post-traumatic stress (PTSD) disorder is a mental health condition that can occur after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. The 27-F earthquake that struck Chile in 2010 was one such event that had a significant impact on the mental health of the population. A study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of PTSD and its associated factors among survivors of this earthquake. The study was a longitudinal design, involving a sample of 913 patients aged 18 to 75 years who attended 10 Primary Care Centers in Concepción, Chile. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to assess both depressive episodes (DE) and PTSD before and after the earthquake. The study also involved genotyping studies using saliva samples from the participants, specifically focusing on the Val66Met and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms. Statistical analysis was performed to examine the association between different variables and the presence of PTSD. These variables included demographic factors, family history of psychiatric disorders, DE, childhood maltreatment experiences, and critical traumatic events related to the earthquake. The results showed that the incidence of post-earthquake PTSD was 11.06%. No significant differences were found between the groups of participants who developed post-earthquake PTSD regarding the Val66Met or 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms. However, a significant association was found between the concomitant diagnosis of DE and the development of post-earthquake PTSD. The presence of DE doubled the risk of developing post-earthquake PTSD. The number of traumatic events experienced also had a statistically significant association with an increased risk of developing post-earthquake PTSD. The study’s limitations include the potential interference of different DE subtypes, the complexity of quantifying the degree of earthquake exposure experienced by each individual, and events entailing social disruption, such as looting, that can profoundly influence distress. In conclusion, the study found that PTSD following the 27-F earthquake in Chile was associated with a concomitant diagnosis of DE and the number of traumatic events experienced. The study did not find a significant association between PTSD and the Val66Met or 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms. The researchers recommend that mental health professionals should prioritize the detection and treatment of concomitant depressive episodes and exposure to critical traumatic events in survivors of disasters. They also suggest that further research is needed to better understand the relationship between genetic factors and post-disaster PTSD.
Freezing-Prediction System of Outdoor Horizontal Fire Pipe Using Metal Heater
Authors: Kim Bo-Hyeong , Kwak Jun-Jae , Seo Sang-Min , Kim Yong-Bae , Nam Jun-Seok , Lim Seong-Sik
Published: September 2023

The method of winding a heating wire and covering it with insulation materials has been widely used to prevent freezing during winter in outdoor firefighting pipes, which have a low amount of water flowing inside. However, several issues must be considered when using a heating wire, such as the hardening of its sheath, the outbreak of fire owing to electric leakage or short-circuiting, and difficulties in maintenance and repair. A freeze-protection system using a metal heater was developed to solve these problems. Thermal flow was analyzed using ANSYS CFX by varying the pipe diameter, insulation thickness, and outdoor temperature. Based on the obtained results, a regression equation was derived to predict the water temperature using the Minitab software. This study defined the recommended installation interval of the metal heater for frost prevention as the point at which the temperature inside the core of the pipe was maintained above 0 °C or higher. Under the same experimental conditions, the recommended installation intervals obtained via thermal fluid and regression analyses were 2.6 and 2.7 m, respectively. These values differed from the recommended installation interval of 2.9 m, derived from the actual experiment, by a maximum of 0.3 m.
Effects of Fire Source Conditions on Vent Flow Velocity and Hot Gas Layer Characteristics in Two Rooms Connected by Vertical Opening
Authors: Kim Yun Young , Lee Chi Young
Published: September 2023

In this study, the effects of fire source conditions on the vent flow velocity and hot gas layer characteristics in two rooms (ROOM-I and ROOM-II) connected by a vertical opening (VO-I) were investigated experimentally. In ROOM-II, the vertical opening (VO-II) connected to the outside was installed. The fire sources were located at the centers of ROOM-I and ROOM-II, and the heat release rates were 1.32, 3.32, and 5.21 kW. Regarding the vent flow velocity, when the fire source was located in ROOM-I, the outflow of the hot gas and inflow of cold air occurred in the upper and lower parts of VO-I and VO-II, respectively, which were the same as those of VO-II when the fire source was located in ROOM-II. However, when the fire source was located in ROOM-II, the hot gas in the upper part of VO-I flowed out to ROOM-I and flowed again into ROOM-II. Additionally, the hot gas layer thickness and temperature rise in the fire and adjacent rooms were compared. In the fire room, the case where the fire source was placed in ROOM-I showed a thicker hot gas layer and a higher hot gas layer temperature rise than the case where the fire source was placed in ROOM-II. In the adjacent room, the case where the fire source was placed in ROOM-I showed a thinner hot gas layer and a higher hot gas layer temperature rise than the case where the fire source was placed in ROOM-II. The dependence of the hot gas layer temperature rise on the heat release rate was higher than that of the hot gas layer thickness.
Барабанные печи. Температурные режимы. Курс лекций
Authors: Грознов И.Н.
Published: September 2023

В курсе лекций представлена феноменологическая модель работы барабанной печи в режиме линейного одномерного теплообменника. Химические процессы в печи не рассматриваются. В качестве основных характеристик печи предложены и используются безразмерные параметры, описывающие полноту теплообмена, дисбаланс тепловой загрузки, коэффициент тепловых потерь во внешнюю среду через стенку печи. Приведены аналитические решения уравнений теплообмена между обжигаемым материалом, теплоносителем и теплопроводящей оболочкой печи для некоторых типичных режимов эксплуатации; противоточный и поточный режимы, потери через стенку, работа с рекуператором, косвенный нагрев через стенку и режим удержания температуры. Особое внимание уделено анализу эффективности использования тепловой энергии. Все полученные решения проиллюстрированы графически. Большинство численных оценок выполнены для случая обжига сульфидных руд в металлургии цветных и драгоценных металлов. Для понимания текста достаточно навыков в решении простейших линейных дифференциальных уравнений. Курс может быть полезен студентам соответствующих специальностей, инженерам и проектировщикам. Курс создан и издан при поддержке и по заказу полиметаллического холдинга ПАО «Селигдар».
Квантовые компьютеры и ультрахолодные атомы, "Природа"
Authors: Бетеров И.И.
Published: September 2023

В последние годы достигнут значительный прогресс в реализации квантовых компьютеров. Хотя целый ряд научных и технических проблем все еще требует решения, прежде чем практическое применение квантовых компьютеров станет возможным, существующие сейчас квантовые процессоры позволяют получать интересные результаты. Самыми перспективными физическими платформами для реализации квантовых вычислений в настоящее время считаются сверхпроводящие кубиты и ультрахолодные ионы. В то же время альтернативные физические системы, включающие ультрахолодные нейтральные атомы, обладают большим потенциалом. Атомные системы на сегодняшний день уступают сверхпроводящим в плане воспроизводимости результатов и параметров, но при этом могут быть реализованы в условиях лаборатории без доступа к самым передовым достижениям современной микроэлектроники.
Расстройства аутистического спектра: в поисках призмы для разделения на отдельные подтипы, "Природа"
Authors: Трифонова Е.А. , Пащенко А.А. , Лашин С.А.
Published: September 2023

Расстройства аутистического спектра (РАС) — это сложное нарушение нейропсихического развития, диагностируемое в настоящее время более, чем у 2 % детей. Основные симптомы РАС: снижение коммуникативных и социальных функций, повышение стереотипий во всех формах поведения. Для РАС характерна как симптоматическая, так и генетическая гетерогенность, что является препятствием для разработки эффективной терапии. Разделение аутизма на несколько подтипов, основанных на общих патогенетических механизмах, становится все более актуальным. Одним из таких подтипов стал аутизм, связанный с материнской иммунной активацией в процессе беременности, в результате которого организмом матери нарабатываются аутоантитела к нейрональным белкам плода и тем самым нарушается нормальное нейроразвитие. Другими сложными для дифференциальной диагностики РАС считаются синдромы PANS/PANDAS — постинфекционные аутоиммунные осложнения, имеющие ярко выраженную нейропсихическую симптоматику. Также обсуждается связь генетических и иммунных нарушений при РАС с сигнальным путем mTOR, гиперактивация которого часто наблюдается при аутизме.
In-silico Investigation of Potential Inhibitors of 11-β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase
Authors: Hassan Abdullahi M. , Sadiya Abdullahi H. , Jafaru Kuje E. , Sunday Haruna G.
Published: September 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease plagued with insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance. New targets and disease pathways are emerging and one such is the 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) which catalyses the intracellular conversion of inert cortisone to physiologically active cortisol, functioning to enhance local cortisol action beyond what would be predicted based on simple plasma exposures. This study aimed at exploring the anti-diabetic potential of the bioactive compounds found in Carica papaya.  In this study, 59 natural compounds were obtained from literature are used for molecular docking simulations against the 11β-HSD1 receptor target using the Python Prescription (PyRx) 0.8 software. An arbitrary docking score ≤ -8.0 kcal/mol was chosen as the cut-off value. Further screening for drug-likeness, Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) properties, Pan Assay Interference Compounds (PAINS), and bioactivity were performed. The compounds were compared to the 11β-HSD1 inhibitor, MK-0916 which was the reference compound and docked against the target with a binding affinity of -8.8 kcal/mol. After docking, 11 compounds emerged with docking of ≤-8.0 kcal/mol, the highest at -8.1 kcal/mol and lowest at -10.7 kcal/mol. The compounds were further screened using Ghose and Verber rule resulting in four compounds i.e. Ibogamine, Clausamine G, Dasycarpidan-1-methanol, acetate (ester) and Phenol-2-methyl-5- (1,2,2- trimethylcyclopentyl). Pharmacokinetic screening (ADMET and bioactivity) was carried out on the four compounds and it was discovered that they have a level of potency but Ibogamine has higher potency of exerting inhibitory function on 11β-HSD1 compared to the control.
Utilization Chlorella sp. with the Addition of EM4 as a Phytoremediation Agent on Samples of Liquid Waste in the Cracker Industry, Indramayu Regency
Authors: Dewi Ayudia Kusuma , Hasan Zahidah , Suryana Asep Agus Handaka , Herawati Heti
Published: September 2023

Liquid waste from the cracker industry which is directly discharged into water bodies without prior treatment will cause water pollution which is characterized by a decrease in water quality. One alternative to reduce pollutant compounds biologically is to use the phytoremediation method. Phytoremediation is plant-mediated uptake of pollutants. This study aims to determine the best concentration of EM4 which is in symbiosis with Chlorella sp. in the process of reducing pollutant wastewater from the cracker industry. This study used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. These treatments included PA (without adding EM4), PB (adding EM4 10 ml), PC (adding EM4 15 ml), PD (adding EM4 20 ml), PE (adding EM4 25 ml). The data obtained were analyzed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). If the calculated F is greater than the F table then proceed with the Duncan's Multiple New Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5% level. The results showed that the addition of Chlorella sp. 800 ml (11,8 x 106 cells/ml) and the addition of 25 ml of EM4 is the best concentration in reducing the pollutant content of the cracker industrial wastewater. The PE treatment (EM4 25 ml) had a percentage decrease in the value of BOD5 83.82%, Ammonia of 99.91%, Phosphate of 95.78%, CO2 of 97.78%, and increased the density of Chlorella sp. to 52.08 x 106, DO from 1.7 mg/L to 5.9 mg/L, pH to 8.2, and temperature to 28.8°C. However, the BOD5 value is still very far above the quality standard so it does not meet the quality standard according to Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021 Class II and Class III concerning the implementation of environmental protection and management for fishing activities.
Urban Food Security: Examining the Unique Challenges and Opportunities Associated with Ensuring Food Security in Urban Areas
Authors: Djan Michael Atuahene
Published: September 2023

Food security is a significant concern in urban areas (UAs). With the rapid increase in urbanization, addressing this issue has become increasingly important. Despite interventions to tackle food security issues, the world has achieved varying degrees of success in eradicating hunger, and food security in cities is critical. This study examined the unique challenges and opportunities associated with ensuring food security in urban areas. The study reviewed empirical literature and relevant reports in the last five years (2018-2023). This study identified several challenges in ensuring food security in urban regions, across the world, including rising food prices, limited water and land access for farming, and poor infrastructure and food supply systems. There are also opportunities to improve the situation, such as improving access to markets, investing in agricultural production, promoting urban agriculture, expanding and stocking food banks, and government food intervention programs to ensure socioeconomic parity in urban areas. Urban areas' food security opportunities and difficulties are complex and interconnected. However, by addressing the myriad challenges associated with ensuring food security and taking advantage of opportunities, it is possible to create more sustainable, food-secured urban cities. This will make it possible to guarantee that everyone in urban areas has access to the food that they need to live healthy and fulfilling lives.
Effect of Root Microbial Inoculants and Chitosan on Growth of Aglaonema (Aglaonema commutatum) Cuttings
Authors: Sunil Bashaboina , Prasanth P. , Lakshminarayana  , Kumar Praneeth
Published: September 2023

The present study highlights the effect of root microbial inoculants and chitosan on growth of Aglaonema (Aglaonema commutatum) cuttings. During October to April 2020-2021, a field investigation was conducted at Floriculture Research Station, (Agricultural Research Institute) Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The experiment consisted of two factors. The treated cuttings were put in polybags with Red soil, sand, and FYM (2:1:1) medium. Psuedomonas liquid formulations and VAM powder form were employed for treatment of cuttings. Treated cuttings were placed in polybags, and the soil surrounding the cuttings was tightly compacted. In solitary polybags, a single cutting was planted. Among the different treatments P1 (Top cutting) with S5 (VAM - 5 g / kg media + IBA - 1000ppm) recorded best results in least number of days taken for sprouting (27.70 days), number of leaves per cutting (4.54), fresh weight of leaf (3.10 g), shoot length (28.96 cm) and shoot girth (13.00 mm) and days taken to finishing stage (125 Days). Whereas, P1 - (Top cutting) with S6 - (Pseudomonas fluorescence - 5 ml / kg media + IBA – 1000 ppm) recorded best results in growth rate (0.054 g).
A Study on Problems Faced by the Permaculture Farmers of Paddy Based Agro Forestry System in Sub-Tropical Hill Agro-Climatic Zone of Meghalaya
Authors: G. Ravi , R. J. Singh , L. Devarani , Singh Ram , L. Hemochandra
Published: September 2023

Permaculture, a holistic approach to sustainable agriculture, has gained significant attention worldwide for its potential to address environmental, economic, and social challenges in agriculture. In the context sub-tropical hill agro-climatic zone of Meghalaya, permaculture practices have gained traction, especially in the cultivation of paddy-based agro-forestry systems. Within this backdrop, the adoption of permaculture practices in paddy cultivation has been promoted as a sustainable solution that not only enhances food security but also contributes to ecosystem preservation, soil health improvement, and rural livelihoods. Since the study was taken with the objective of studying problems faced by farmers in the adoption of permaculture practices. This paper focused on appraising the problems faced by the permaculture farmers of paddy based agro forestry system by adopting diagnostic research design with a sample of 60 farmers, covering Sub-Tropical Hill Agro-Climatic Zone of Meghalaya. Major problems and their priorities expressed by the paddy- based agro-forestry farmers in the adoption of permaculture were analysed by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP analysis), it was revealed that unforgiving topography and limited arable land for production and diversification of agroforestry, as the most important problem followed by, Lack of knowledge on permaculture practices such as soil building, water conservation and pest management, Lack of interest in branding and advertisement of the permaculture produce, High initial cost of investment due to transitioning from conventional farming, Permaculture implementation requires change in mentality and level of commitment and lack of supportive and subsidiary policies for permaculture were the major problems under different domains of permaculture. The judgement given by the farmers were found acceptable with inconsistency ratio below 10%. The consensus among seasoned farmers highlights a valuable opportunity to address the permaculture challenges in the region. By pinpointing and prioritizing these bottlenecks, we can effectively target efforts for the successful implementation of permaculture practices in the area.
Effect of Phosphorous and Mulching on Growth and Yield of Zaid Green gram (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Reddy Geedipally Srinivas , Debbarma Victor , Rao Pallepati Ravinder
Published: September 2023

A field experiment was conducted during Zaid 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P) on the topic “Effect of Phosphorous and Mulching on Growth and Yield of Zaid Green gram (Vigna radiate L.)”, to study the response of green gram under various mulching techniques such as, Saw dust mulching, Paddy mulching and Without mulching along with combination of Phosphorus (20, 40 and 60 kg/ha). The results revealed that significant and higher plant height (43.24 cm), higher plant dry weight (5.32 g) and also, significantly higher number of pods/plant (30.8), maximum number of seeds/pod (11.73), higher test weight (31.2 g), higher seed yield (1.29 t/ha), higher stover yield (2.89 t/ha), Maximum gross return (90,300.00 INR/ha), maximum net return (58,915.00 INR/ha) and higher B:C ratio (1.88) were recorded in treatment 7 [Phosphorous (60kg/ha) + Sawdust mulching (22.5kg/ha)].