bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of ATRX Gene Status in IDH-mutant grade 2/3 Gliomas by ADC and APT Histogram Analysis
Authors: Zou Xia , Yan Xinran , Li Yuxin , Qu Yaoming , Ma Andong , Wen Haitao , Xu Yongzhou , Wen Zhibo
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To the best of our knowledge, no study has explored the predictive ability of APT for ATRX mutations in gliomas. Goal(s): Investigating APT and ADC's predictive capacities for ATRX mutations in WHO grade 2/3 gliomas with IDH mutations, we conducted a retrospective analysis. Approach: We retrospectively analyzed data from these patients and extracted features for modeling. Results: The results revealed the APT-median became the key diagnostic parameter, and the model developed showed the highest diagnostic efficiency. The histogram analysis method based on APT and ADC is an effective non-invasive tool for predicting ATRX gene status. Impact: Our study, to our knowledge, pioneered the use of APT in predicting ATRX mutations in gliomas and established histogram analysis of APT and ADC as an effective non-invasive tool for ATRX gene prediction in IDH mutant WHO grade 2/3 gliomas.
Tracking Age-Related Changes using NOEMTR in Brain Subregions at 3T
Authors: Benyard Blake , Elliott Mark , Armbruster Ryan , Kumar Dushyant , Nanga Ravi Prakash Reddy , Wilson Neil , Reddy Ravinder
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Demyelination and lipid degeneration occurs as the human brain ages. Our motivation was to investigate the age-dependent variations of these lipids changes in subcortical gray matter regions using NOEMTR in the brains of 15 subjects. Goal(s): To determine the correlation of the human brain NOEMTR metric with age. Approach: We performed NOE MRI experiments on multiple subjects from ages (24Y-76Y) using NOEMTR at 3T. Results: The Spearman’s correlation coefficient indicates that NOEMTR declines in several brain subregions with aging. Impact: NOEMTR can be used to track lipid changes in white and gray matter subregions of the aging brain.
Sexually dimorphic interactive effects of age and hypertension on subcortical volumes and asymmetries in normal adult brains
Authors: Liu Chia-Ying , Noda Chikara , Ambale-Venkatesh Bharath , Kassai Yoshimori , Bluemke David , Lima Joao
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Brain shrinkage does not happen to all areas uniformly and could be sex dependent. Goal(s): We aimed to assess cross-sectionally the interactive effects of age and hypertension on the subcortical volumes and asymmetries in normal adult brains. Approach: Brain structural images were acquired in 147 normal volunteers at a 3T scanner. Results: All volumes demonstrated negative correlation with age but only the thalamic volume in both sexes, and the putamen volume in women reached the threshold of statistical significance of P=0.007. The thalamic asymmetry was the only measure that showed positive correlation to hypertension in women. Impact: Among seven subcortical structures examined, the thalamic volume demonstrated a negative association with age in normal adult brains. Further research is needed to correlate this finding with cognition.
How much, and in which directions, do subjects move during MRI scans?
Authors: Schilling Kurt , Kim Michael , Li Muwei , Gao Yurui , Archer Derek , Gao Chenyu , Topolnjak Ema , Khairi Nazirah Mohd , Resnick Susan , Beason-Held Lori , Anderson Adam , Vinci-Booher Sophia , Jefferson Angela , Gore John , Landman Bennett , Team The BIOCARD Study , (ADNI) The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative , Vasculature Aging Brain: , Ischemia  , (ABVIB) and Behavior S
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Subject motion can cause artifacts in MR images and biases in subsequent quantification. Goal(s): A thorough characterization of motion across multiple cohorts/consortiums has not been performed, particularly with diffusion MRI data. Approach: We use diffusion MRI data from 14,440 subjects from 10 consortiums (aged 0-100) to characterize (1) how much subjects move during scanning; (2) what kind of head motion is most common; (3) whether motion increases as acquisition proceeds; (4) if motion is associated with age; or (5) with cognitive decline. Results: Knowledge of the magnitude and direction of motion provides guidance for motion mitigation strategies and informed preprocessing strategies. Impact: Subject motion induces artifacts and biases in MR images. Characterizing motion magnitude and directions, as well as motion correlates, informs and improves motion mitigation strategies and image processing pipelines.
Characterization of Age-dependent regional T1 and T2 Relaxometry in Asymptomatic Volunteers Using Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting
Authors: Cui Ying , Tang Tianyu , Song Yang , Ju Shenghong
Published: November 2024

Motivation: MRF is a promising quantitative tool to acquire T1 and T2 values simultaneously. However, its regional variations with advancing age needs to be better eluciated. Goal(s): To determine the age-dependent variations in MRF T1 and T2 relaxation maps, and to characterize the quantitative properies of the brain tissue. Approach: MRF maps were acuiqred in 138 asymptomatic volunteers. Voxel-wise correlation analyses were performed, T1 and T2 values were extracted from various regions to further demonstrate their correlations with age. Results: Both T1 and T2 values in extensive regions increased with age. But T2 drops in bilateral temporal poles, insular cortices, putamen, and corticospinal tract. Impact: MRF was introduced as an in vivo quantitation tool for normative brain imaging. It shows great potential in quantifying differences in brain parenchyma related to age variations and precise tissue segmentation that can be applied in radiomics studies.
Association Between Body Mass Index and Brain Aging in Adults: A 16-Year Population-Based Cohort and Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Lv Han
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The causal relationship between BMI and brain health remains unclear. Goal(s): This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of cumulative BMI on neuroimaging features in adults of different ages and verify the causal relationship. Approach: This study was based on the KaiLuan Study that began in 2006. We also performed two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using genetic data from 681,275 individuals. Results: For adults aged under 45 years but BMI > 26.2 kg/m2 corresponded to 12.0 years of brain aging. Genetic analysis indicated causal relationships among high BMI, smaller volume of the cerebral parenchyma, and higher fractional anisotropy in projection fibers. Impact: High BMI is causally associated with smaller brain volume and abnormal microstructural integrity in projection fibers, especially in young adults. These findings provide a basis for future brain health promotion and disease prevention strategies.
Microvascular physiology differs in older adults with varying vascular risk and white matter lesion burden
Authors: Gassner Gabriele , Damestani Nikou , Yadav Shrikanth , Wheeler Natalie , Jacoby John , Mellen Sarah , Maina Katherine , Salat David , Juttukonda Meher
Published: November 2024

Motivation: While links between microvascular physiology and white matter lesion burden have largely been studied in older adults with high vascular risk, some individuals exhibit high lesion burden despite presenting with low vascular risk. Goal(s): To determine whether associations between hemo-metabolic physiology and lesion burden vary in older adults according to vascular risk. Approach: We compared MRI-based measures of oxygen supply and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) between older adults categorized by vascular risk and white matter lesion burden. Results: In low-risk individuals, OEF was uniquely lower in the subgroup with higher lesion burden, while oxygen supply did not differ between the subgroups. Impact: Impaired oxygen extraction may represent an important and independent contributor to white matter lesion burden in older adults in whom lesion burden is high despite the absence of conventional vascular risk factors.
Brain maps of pCO2, pO2 and pH in aging via homeostatic modeling of neuroimaging data across the lifespan
Authors: Mangia Silvia , DiNuzzo Mauro , Dienel Gerald , Behar Kevin , Benveniste Helene , Giove Federico , Herculano Suzana , Wolf Michael , Li Xiufeng , Filip Pavel , Michaeli Shalom , Rothman Douglas
Published: November 2024

Motivation: How loss of vascular health in aging leads to loss of brain function remains unexplained, since paradoxically brain energy consumption is close to normal. Goal(s): Our goal is to determine whether the loss of vascular health impacts the tissue accumulation of metabolic nutrients and waste products, which may interfere with brain function. Approach: We exploited Homeostatic Modeling to obtain brain maps of pCO2, pO2 and pH from two retrospective PET and MRI datasets. Results: Our results show that reduced vascular health in the elderly leads to regional loss of pCO2, pO2, and pH homeostasis of potential clinical significance. Impact: Determining whether impaired vascular health results into loss of homeostasis of metabolic waste products is critical to guide interventions that improve or preserve brain health in aging and beyond, including neurological conditions such as dementia, stroke, and traumatic brain injury.
Longitudinal changes in cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) in older adults without and with cognitive impairment
Authors: Wu Jiani , Oishi Kumiko , Soldan Anja , Pettigrew Corinne , Lin Zixuan , Zhu Yuxin , Jiang Dengrong , Li Xin , Moghekar Abhay , Liu Peiying , Oishi Kenichi , Albert Marilyn , Lu Hanzhang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) reflects the brain’s energy consumption and neural function. Longitudinal CMRO2 changes in the aging brain have not been fully characterized. Goal(s): Our goal was to study longitudinal CMRO2 changes in cognitively normal older adults and examine differences in CMRO2 between participants without and with cognitive impairment. Approach: CMRO2 was estimated from MRI measurements. Linear mixed effect (LME) models were employed to evaluate the relationship between CMRO2 and the related independent variables. Results: CMRO2 decreased with age cross-sectionally and increased with follow-up time longitudinally. CMRO2 was lower in cognitively impaired participants compared to cognitively normal participants. Impact: The present work revealed a bell-shaped trajectory of CMRO2 in aging. CMRO2 may also be a promising biomarker of neurogenerative diseases.
Age-Related Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow Values Measured Using Arterial Spin Labeling in Different Brain Regions of the Elderly
Authors: Li Jian , Wu Linhua , Chen Bing , Tian Bo
Published: November 2024

Motivation: In clinical work, there is an urgent need to understand the changes in CBF in different brain regions of normal elderly people to detect abnormalities. Goal(s): to investigate and understand age-related changes in CBF values measured using ASL in different brain regions of the elderlyApproach: we recruited 344 healthy elderly participants and employed ASL magnetic resonance imaging to measure CBF values in multiple brain regions. We segmented the brain into distinct ROIs and quantified CBF values for each ROI. Results: CBF reduction was manifested in some areas.Overall brain CBF decreases in both sexes begin at age 60 yearsImpact: provides valuable insights into age-related alterations in CBF values measured using ASL in different brain regions of the elderly. Understanding these changes is crucial for developing strategies to support healthy brain aging and prevent cognitive decline in older populations
Cerebral blood and CSF flow dynamics in preclinical Alzheimer’s
Authors: Rivera Leonardo Rivera , Vikner Tomas , Eisenmenger Laura , Johnson Sterling , Johnson Kevin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Cardiac driven CSF flow might play an important role in brain metabolite waste clearance. Comorbid cerebrovascular disease is common in Alzheimer’s disease and could lead to impaired CSF flow motion and waste clearance. Goal(s): We aimed to characterize the associations between blood and CSF flow dynamics during preclinical AD. Approach: Cognitively unimpaired participants underwent multi-delay (MD) ASL, and high- and low-velocity encoded 4D-Flow for the assessment of blood and CSF flow. AD pathology including amyloid and tau were determined from [11C]-PiB and [18F]-MK6240 PET. Results: Blood flow pulsatility and CSF flow velocities were positively correlated and significantly higher in AD biomarker positive. Impact: This work helps elucidate the coupling between blood and CSF flow during preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD), improving our understanding of neurofluids dynamics in AD. This information might help study brain clearance pathways which are hypothesized to be impaired in AD.
Improved characterization of sequence-specific peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) thresholds for rapid on-scanner monitoring
Authors: Davids Mathias , Ferris Natalie , Klein Valerie , Barksdale Alex , Guerin Bastien , Wald Lawrence
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The on-scanner PNS monitor must estimate each sequence’s stimulation potential. The current SAFE model is overly conservative, unnecessarily restricting gradient performance by up to 1.8X. Goal(s): Develop a PNS monitor model that rapidly and accurately characterizes a sequence’s PNS thresholds. Approach: We propose a model (SAFE2) closely inspired by the mechanisms of PNS to capture critical aspects such as E-field cancelations from different gradient axes and extend the training data using detailed PNS modeling reflecting a more diverse set of waveforms. Results: SAFE2 improves PNS-prediction accuracy by 2X compared to SAFE, boosting usable image encoding performance by up to 30% without hardware changes. Impact: PNS restricts the usable protocol parameters of EPI, bSSFP, Radial-GRE, etc., yielding suboptimal imaging performance. The current PNS monitoring approach (SAFE) is very conservative, therefore, we propose an improved model yielding up to 30% gradient performance boost without hardware modification.
Dynamic shimming of the spinal cord using a 15-channel AC/DC coil
Authors: Bréhéret Arnaud , D'Astous Alexandre , Lopez-Rios Nibardo , Alonso-Ortiz Eva , Stockmann Jason , Cohen-Adad Julien
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The static magnetic field around the spinal cord has complex and small-scale non-uniformities, making it difficult to shim with low-order spherical harmonics. Goal(s): Assess the impact of slice-wise shimming in the cervico-thoracic spinal cord using a 15-channel AC/DC coil. Approach: Measure the magnetic field and acquire echo-planar images using three different shimming scenarios involving volume-wise 0-2nd order spherical harmonics, volume-wise multi-coil shimming, and slice-wise multi-coil shimming. Results: Multi-coil shimming decreased magnetic field inhomogeneities by 22% compared to 0-2nd order spherical harmonics when used across the whole imaging volume, and by 36% when used on a slice-wise basis. Impact: Advanced shimming (using multi-coils) significantly improves the quality of spinal cord MRI images by mitigating susceptibility artifacts. This leap forward facilitates the clinical adoption of challenging imaging techniques like functional MRI in the spinal cord.
First experience of pTX RF pulse design at 11.T MRI for whole brain imaging in vivo
Authors: Gras Vincent , Amadon Alexis , Luong Michel , Mauconduit Franck , Massire Aurélien , Le Ster Caroline , Le Bihan Denis , Bottlaender Michel , Vignaud Alexandre , Boulant Nicolas
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Following the commissioning of the Iseult CEA 11.7 T whole-body MRI system, first in vivo human brain images have been acquired at 11.7T. Goal(s): Our aim is to demonstrate the feasibility of whole brain imaging using an 8TX/32RX home-built RF coil and to test subject-tailored pulses as well as calibration-pTX pulses. Approach: Using 9 in-vivo B1 maps of the brain, we prepared and tested tailored kT-point pulses and universal GRAPE pulses to be used in non-selective 3D sequences. Results: Our retrospective pulse performance analysis confirms the feasibility of whole brain imaging at 11.7T both using subject tailored and calibration free pTX. Impact: . At 11.7T, the heterogeneity of the pseudo-CP mode, the transmit efficiency and the SAR level are such that dynamic pTX and extensive RF pulse optimizations are essential for whole brain imaging applications.
15O-Water PET Arrival Time Correlation with MR ASL Mean Arterial Time
Authors: Khalighi Mehdi , Fettahoglu Ates , Zhao Moss , Zaharchuk Greg , Moseley Michael
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Arterial Transit Time (ATT) is an important hemodynamic biomarker for cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke and although 15O-water PET is considered the gold standard CBF imaging modality, its capabilities in measuring transit time has not been demonstrated. Goal(s): To map tracer arrival time in 15O-water PET exams. Approach: Reconstructed short frames during the early PET acquisition with consistent image quality and used a 5D noise filtering method to measure time-activity-curve and then PET-arrival-time for each voxel. Results: PET-arrival-time can map perfusion related abnormalities apparent in simultaneously acquired ASL-ATTImpact: Even though 15O-water PET is considered the gold standard CBF imaging modality, it lacks measuring an important hemodynamic biomarker, arterial-transit-time. By using MR-priors, we measured the PET-arrival-time on PET/MR and showed it correlates well with MATT measured by ASL simultaneously.
How to reduce trajectory errors caused by non-linear gradient amplifier characteristics
Authors: Scholten Hannah , Hasan Ahmad , Sommer Stefan , Dewdney Andrew , Köstler Herbert
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The gradient system transfer function (GSTF) can correct k-space distortions arising from gradient imperfections, but is limited by assuming a linear, time-invariant gradient system. Goal(s): We wanted to investigate the linearity of the gradient signal path before and after the gradient power amplifier. Approach: We compared transfer functions for different segments of the gradient chain, measured with positive and negative test pulses. We then predicted the waveform of a trapezoidal gradient with the transfer functions, and quantified the error of the predicted k-space. Results: Using a transfer function based on the gradient amplifier currents halved the errors on the predicted k-space coordinates. Impact: The current-based transfer function could enable a fully automated k-space trajectory determination with doubled accuracy compared to the gradient system transfer function, without special hardware or lengthening scan times. This could help with the clinical translation of non-Cartesian MRI acquisitions.
A dynamic shim approach to correct eddy-currents and concomitant-field using multi-coil AC/DC shim array
Authors: Liao Congyu , Stockmann Jason , Cao Xiaozhi , Kerr Adam , Setsompop Kawin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To correct undesirable eddy-current and concomitant-fields effect in MRI acquisitions. Goal(s): To achieve successful eddy-current and concomitant-fields mitigations, paving the way for high-quality 3D-invivo diffusion MRI with high-SNR. Approach: We developed a dynamic shim approach with a multi-coil AC/DC shim-array to correct eddy-currents induced-phase in diffusion-prep encoding, and concomitant-field in long spiral in double-oblique positions. Results: Invivo experiments were performed on the AC/DC shim-array to demonstrate cardiac-gated, multi-shot 3D-diffusion-prepared DTI acquisition without need for SNR-zapping stabilizer. High-quality, high-b-value(2000 s/mm2) acquisition was achieved where a synergistic combination of shim-array and pre-pulse gradient mitigation strategies were employed to minimize eddy-current phase in this difficult case. Impact: We proposed a dynamic shim approach for robust invivo eddy-current correction in 3D-DTI with short preparation-time and high-SNR. Our results demonstrates the AC/DC coil's effectiveness in compensating challenging concomitant-fields during double-oblique slice acquisitions, especially with long-spiral sampling and high-performance gradients.
FESTiVE - implicit Field Estimator for Spatio-Temporally Varying Eddy Currents
Authors: Shah Zachary , Abraham Daniel , Wang Nan , Setsompop Kawin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Gradient imperfections from eddy currents and trajectory error cause image artifacts. NMR field probes can accurately measure these imperfections to achieve high-quality imaging, but require additional hardware and cost. Goal(s): Develop an alternative imaging-based approach to estimate gradient imperfections by leverage the encoding capability of modern multi-channel receivers and neural networks for implicit Fourier phase representation. Approach: Simulated spiral imaging acquisition with eddy current and low-gradient sequences without eddy effects. Trained MLPs to convolutionally represent gradient phase imperfections in k-space as a function of time. Results: MLP estimates spatio-temporal phase to high accuracy, showing promise for high-order phase estimation without NMR field probes. Impact: We propose an algorithmic imaging-based alternative approach to field probe for gradient characterization. This enables enhanced image reconstruction for high-slew MRI without external hardware, potentially revolutionizing fast acquisition MRI techniques and broadening their application.
Single-shot 2D spiral imaging of the human brain at 10.5 Tesla using 128 receive channels: initial experience
Authors: Wu Xiaoping , Grant Andrea , Bratch Alexander , Auerbach Edward , Waks Matt , Lagore Russell , Delabarre Lance , Tarakameh Alireza Sadeghi , Eryaman Yigitcan , Van de Moortele Pierre-Francois , Adriany Gregor , Ugurbil Kamil
Published: November 2024

Motivation: There has been an increasing interest to pursue spiral imaging at ultrahigh field owing to its improved sampling efficiency. Goal(s): Our goal was to demonstrate the feasibility of spiral imaging in humans at 10.5 Tesla. Approach: Highly-accelerated single-shot 2D spiral GRE images were collected using 128 receive channels and a sequence developed in an open source environment. Dynamic field changes associated with the spiral readout gradients were measured in a separate session using 16 NMR probes. Results: Quality T2*-weighted single-shot spiral imaging of the human brain was achieved by simultaneous corrections of static off-resonances and dynamic field changes through image reconstruction. Impact: The demonstrated feasibility of spiral imaging in humans at 10.5 Tesla may shed light on how best to implement spiral imaging at ultrahigh field, paving the way for many applications that would benefit from a spiral readout.
Feasibility of active B1+ shimming using remote switching of coupled dielectric pads
Authors: van de Velde Robert , Šiurytė Paulina , van Leeuwen Jasper , Brink Wyger , Weingärtner Sebastian
Published: November 2024

Motivation: At ultra-high fields, B1+ inhomogeneities induce unwanted signal loss or hyper-intensity. Current shimming approaches lack an easy-to-apply solution like dielectric pads, that would also allow subject-specific tailoring. Goal(s): To evaluate a novel remote shimming device based on actively-coupled dielectric pads. Approach: A switchboard was constructed using MR-compatible PIN-diodes. Previously proposed dielectric pocket manual coupling configuration was compared to the equivalent remotely enabled connection, in a 3x3 dielectric pad array. Results: Remote shimming device achieved up to 8% modulation across the ROI, compared to X% in the equivalent manual coupling. Shimming location was movable with the choice of coupled dielectric pockets within the array. Impact: At ultra-high field imaging, B1+ inhomogeneities become increasingly prominent. Current shimming approaches lack wide-availability with an option for subject-specific tailoring. In this work, we evaluate a novel remote shimming device based on a dielectric pad array with PIN-diode switchboards.
EPI Phase Correction revisited - Beat Phenomena and Transient States
Authors: Dillinger Hannes , Schaeffter Tobias , Kozerke Sebastian
Published: November 2024

Motivation: For EPI, beat phenomena can occur and result in a slowly varying, erroneous phase component caused by mechanical resonances of the gradient system. Current phase correction approaches do not account for this error. Goal(s): Improving EPI correction by characterization of gradient-induced, time-varying errors of zeroth and first spatial order. Approach: EPI image projections of a spherical phantom were acquired by omitting the phase encoding blips. The resulting x-ky-data enable a characterization of zeroth- and first-order effects separately. Results: The mechanical properties of the gradient system result in a transient state during which an erroneous, temporally and spatially modulated magnetic field gradient occurs. Impact: EPI is a widely applied fast imaging technique but sensitive to gradient-induced magnetic field deviations. Therefore, phase correction is of utmost importance and may be improved by the proposed characterization of slowly varying, erroneous phases.
Reproducible B0 shim matrix calibration at 7T and dynamic range analysis of spherical harmonics for residual compensation
Authors: Homolya Istvan , Jaro Izabell , Shang Yun , Hein Grit , Gamer Matthias , Herrmann Martin , Schreiber Laura , Terekhov Maxim
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Adequate B0 shimming of deep brain regions at 7T using 3rd order shims. Goal(s): Reproduce B0 shim matrix calibration after hardware replacement and estimate possible compensation of residual fields in vivo. Approach: Calibration matrix of the 3rd order B0 shimming system was measured after replacement of the gradient coil. Results were compared with previous calibration. Whole-brain and ROI-specific spherical harmonic decompositions of B0 maps were performed after optimized whole-brain shimming. Results: Shimming calibration matrices could be reproduced with high accuracy on the new hardware. Residual B0 inhomogeneity could potentially be improved with existing shimming hardware. Impact: B0 shimmming calibration matrix is well reproducible on a 7T system equipped with 3rd order shim coils using single and multi-channel receiver coil configurations. Residual B0 inhomogeneity after optimized whole-brain shimming could be potentially improved using available shimming hardware.
Enabling Two-way Audio Communication and Real-time Monitoring of Acoustic Noise Exposure during MRI Acquisition
Authors: Lin Chen , Golzio Nicolas , Henry Max , Pooley Robert , Vibhute Prasanna , Gupta Vivek
Published: November 2024

Motivation: : Improve audio communication, patient comfort and safety during MRI exams. Goal(s): Enable verbal communication without interrupting MRI acquisition and real-time monitoring of acoustic noise exposure and protection. Approach: Use microphones inside and outside of acoustic noise insulated earpiece and advanced signal processing algorithms to remove MR gradient noise while preserving audio signal and to measure the sound pressure level (SPL) in the ear canal. Results: Good intelligibility in two-way audio communication is demonstrated during MR acquisitions in a trial of healthy volunteers. No significant artifact from earpieces in clinical brain imaging. Impact: A novel MRI audio system can provide clear and seamless two-way communication, real-time monitoring of acoustic noise exposure and protection, high-quality audio for patient comfort during the entire MRI exam.
Stiffness-Transformable Nanoplatforms Loaded with Irisin: Tumor Microenvironment Responsiveness for MRI and Ferroptosis Induction
Authors: Zhao Yufei , Tang Xingzhe , Peng Xingui
Published: November 2024

Motivation: MnO2 combined with MONs offers potential for accurate tumor diagnosis and treatment. Our MMONs, with adjustable hardness, address issues with hard and soft nanoparticles, showing tumor responsivity and enabling MRI. Irisin loading boosts ferroptosis in drug-resistant tumors. Goal(s): The synthesis of a stiffness-transformable nanoplatform loaded with Irisin achieves magnetic resonance imaging and induces ferroptosis in the tumor microenvironment. Approach: MMONs and MMONs-Irisin were synthesized, characterized, and their magnetic resonance imaging and cytotoxic effects were validated at both cellular and animal levels. Results: MMONs-Irisin is deformable, exhibits excellent magnetic resonance imaging effects, and promotes ferroptosis in tumors. Impact: MMONs are GSH-responsive, with higher T1 and T2 relaxation rates than Magnevist at equal concentrations. They adjust stiffness for enhanced tumor uptake, loaded with Irisin, combat chemotherapy resistance through ferroptosis. MMONs-Irisin holds potential for safe, integrated cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Assessment of cardiac magnetic resonance strain parameters for early diagnosis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy: an animal experiment
Authors: Xingyuan Kou , Xiaoyong Zhang , Jing Chen
Published: November 2024

Motivation: As an important complication of cirrhosis, early diagnosis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) has a profound impact on prognosis of patients. Goal(s): Find in myocardial strain parameters beyond global longitudinal strain (GLS) that are relevant for early diagnosis of CCM. Approach: The heart and liver were scanned with magnetic resonance and multiple strain parameters were obtained from cardiac magnetic resonance to evaluate their potential diagnostic value for CCM and correlation with liver lesions. Results: Compared with GLS and left ventricular ejection fraction , short-axis peak diastolic radial strain rate (PDRSR-S) has an earlier time to change, better diagnostic performance, and better correlation with liver lesions. Impact: We discoveries a myocardial strain parameter , short-axis peak diastolic radial strain rate, who showed excellent potential in the early diagnosis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. The discovery laid the foundation for future research and clinical applications.
Towards assessing the biomechanical properties of organoids/spheroids at 35 micron resolution with Magnetic Resonance Elastography
Authors: DUCAMP Marguerite , Barbier Axel , Mangin Gabrielle , Parsons Maddy , Sinkus Ralph
Published: November 2024

Motivation: MR-Elastography is technology that shows promises for gauging response to therapy. Goal(s): It is hence of great interest to make this technology also available for the quantification of tissue organoids/spheroids. This enables the translation of the same imaging biomarkers to the pre-therapeutic regime. Approach: We present a system that allows for contactless quantification of organoid biomechanics at 35micron resolution and show that gauged spheroids as small as 400mm in diameter are properly quantified in terms of shear wave speed. Results: The concept allows to “real-word” organoid testing as they are embedded in a collagen dome with buffer solution around to enable drug exposure. Impact: Using MRE sequence on patient derived materials to predict cancer cells response to chemotherapy, could be a lifetime saver not only for the patient but also for the clinician decision, by testing in vitro several therapies at the same time.
Reference ranges for functional and volumetric CMR in pigs as pre-clinical model
Authors: Weisskopf Miriam , Hierweger Melanie , Leuthardt Andrea , Trimmel Nina , von Deuster Constantin , Fuetterer Maximilian , Kozerke Sebastian , Stoeck Christian
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Domestic pigs are frequently used as experimental animals for cardiovascular research but are subject to somatic growth. Goal(s): To investigate the relationship of cardiac functional and volumetric parameters with animal somatic growth. Approach: In this retrospective CMR study in 58 female Swiss large white pigs, we correlate functional volumetric and dimensional CMR parameters to animal weight. Results: : Left ventricular mass, left and right ventricular volumes and stroke volumes correlate with animal weight. Weight-independent parameters were left and right ejection fractions. Our findings match values found in humans. Impact: We provide a regression analysis of clinical functional, volumetric and dimensional CMR parameters for experimental planning and refinement of animal experiments in pigs and illustrate healthy parameter ranges.
Helix Angle structure appears preserved after myocardial infarction: a preclinical and ex vivo Diffusion Tensor CMR study
Authors: Nielles-Vallespin Sonia , Ferreira Pedro , Scott Andrew , Munoz Camila , Rajakulasingam Ramyah , Baxan Nicoleta , Surkova Elena , Firmin David , Pennell Dudley , Arai Andrew , de Silva Ranil
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Changes in myocardial microstructure that underlie post-myocardial infarction (MI) left ventricular (LV) remodelling may contribute to progressive deterioration in cardiac function and increased risk of adverse clinical events. Goal(s): To assess post-MI temporal alterations of myocardial microstructure. Approach: A longitudinal Diffusion Tensor CMR (DT-CMR) pre-clinical study was performed, including healthy, 3 days and 4 months post-MI timepoints, followed by ex-vivo imaging at low and high spatial resolution. Results: High-resolution ex-vivo DT-CMR suggests preserved helical structure within the infarct core in this swine MI model, with endocardial layers appearing more compressed than mid and epicardial layers. Impact: Improved understanding of temporal alteration of myocardial microstructure and its dynamics post-MI as seen by in-vivo DT-CMR may facilitate diagnosis and prognostication after MI.
Reduction of the temperature coefficient in high permittivity dielectric resonators for pre-clinical MRI purposes
Authors: Krauch Federico , Lanagan Michael , Neuberger Thomas , Yang Qing , Ruprecht Sebastian , Wiesner Hannes , Zhu Xiao-Hong , Chen Wei
Published: November 2024

Motivation: High permittivity dielectric resonators for high resolution MRI are fabricated ferroelectric materials and have a large temperature coefficient, which produces a significant frequency variation in a small temperature range. Goal(s): Reduce the temperature coefficient in dielectric resonators through a composite design. Approach: Depending on the Curie temperature of BST, single layered dielectric resonators have positive or negative temperature dependance of resonant frequency. Bi-layered resonators combine positive and negative coefficients to create a temperature stable resonant frequency. Results: Bi-layered resonators show on average a 75% reduction in frequency variation compared to single layers. Impact: Bi-layered resonators are a first step in overcoming high temperature coefficients present in high permittivity dielectric resonators. With further improvements, this method can be used to significantly increase SNR in preclinical studies.
MALDI-MRS-SHY: Statistical Heterospectroscopy of MALDI Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Brown Dalton , Joven Zuriel , Dillman Natalie , Yang Ethan , Johnson Cole , Nakuchima Sofia , Tressler Caitlin , Glunde Kristine
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Combining high-resolution (HR) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging of tissues and cells using new workflows and data analysis approaches will further advance metabolomic and lipidomic studies. Goal(s): The goal is to develop Statistical Heterospectroscopy (SHY) of 1H-HR-MRS and MALDI imaging data of tissues and cells. Approach: Phantoms, cell lines, and tumors were measured by 1H-HR-MRS and MALDI imaging, followed by analysis with newly developed MATLAB-based software for statistical correlation of both datasets. Results: The new MALDI-MRS-SHY software correctly generated two-dimensional spectra with cross-peaks from phantoms of pure compounds and mixtures, as well as cell lines and tumor tissues. Impact: The newly developed MALDI-MRS-SHY software will allow for a deeper analysis of complex metabolomic and lipidomic data obtained by combined HR-MRS and MALDI imaging of cells and tissues.
Time-dependent response of Silver nanoparticles reinforced biocomposite in Murine fibroblast cells by NMR-based Pharmacometabolomics
Authors: Gupta Isha , Gandhi Sonia , Kumar Abhishek , Chinnadurai Vijayakumar , Bhatt Anant , Sapra Sameer
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Conventional toxicity assays generally convey the efficiency of nanomaterial, but they lack a mechanistic molecular approach to toxicity. Goal(s): We aimed to employ NMR-based Pharmacometabolomics to detect early metabolic alterations associated with nanomaterial developed for healthcare. Approach: The NMR spectroscopy technique was used on Silver nanoparticles reinforced biocomposite exposed murine fibroblast (L929) cells. Results: Results demonstrated that cellular metabolic profiles reset towards control upon more exposure. Impact: Our nanomaterial-based study accentuates the role of pharmacometabolomics, which will complement the findings of conventional assays, eventually leading to efficacious clinical translation.
The value of DWI for predicting pathologic response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in locally advanced resectable ESCC
Authors: Yang Shuyi , Wang Qingle , Huang Xu , Zhang Yunfei , Zeng Mengsu
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (nIT) combined with standard chemotherapy is the innovative treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Some patients may not respond to nIT. Goal(s): To investigate the value of DWI-derived parameters for the assessment of pathologic response and detection of minimal residual cancer cell (MRC) to nIT. Approach: The patient population was a sub-cohort from the clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02611700). The pathological response evaluation according to the TRG system proposed by AJCC. DWI-derived parameters including ADC, D, D* and f. Results: ΔADC and ΔD values were highlighting in assessment of pathologic response and detection of MRC to nIT. Impact: Nowadays, evaluation of the response to neoadjuvant therapy for cancer mainly relies on the measurement of tumor size according to RECIST. Pseudo-progression with immunotherapy is often observed. fMRI techniques can quantify therapy-induced changes before anatomic variation in tumor size.
Predicting Disease-Free Survival in Rectal Cancer Patients via Radiomics Signatures from Multi-Modality MRI Images: a multi-center study
Authors: Li Dexuan , Wang Chenglong , Ma Qiong , Sun Yiqun , Tong Tong , Song Yang , Wang Haijie , Yang Guang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Accurate prediction of disease-free survival (DFS) of rectal cancer patients has substantial influences on treatment planning. Goal(s): To explore the value of ADC and T2W images in predicting DFS for rectal cancer patients. Approach: Radiomics models using features extracted from ADC and T2W were built and evaluated. Results: Models built with ADC features and clinical variables achieved C-Index values of 0.675 and 0.768 over the internal and external test cohorts, respectively. Models built with T2W features and clinical variables achieved C-Index values of 0.724 and 0.747 over the internal and external test cohorts, respectively. Impact: Both the shape features extracted from ADC maps and the first-order features extracted from T2W images demonstrated strong predictive power for DFS estimation, implying the potential of combination anatomical images with diffusion models to predict DFS in rectal cancer patients.
Predictive value of DCE-MR perfusion parameters for microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ma Wenting , Ai Kai , peng Leping , Zhang Xiuling , Wang Lili
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To find an imaging method that can evaluate microsatellite status of colorectal cancer (CRC). Goal(s): To investigate the value of DCE-MR perfusion parameters and ADC in predicting microsatellite instability of CRC. Approach: DCE-MR perfusion parameters, including Ktrans, Ve, kep, iAUC and ADC were compared between microsatellite instability (MSI) and microsatellite stability (MSS) CRC groups. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate diagnostic efficacy. Results: Univariable analysis revealed that kep had highest diagnostic accuracy (AUC, 0.890; sensitivity, 76.4%; specificity, 90.9%). The diagnostic accuracy of kep combined ADC was the greatest in multivariable analysis (AUC, 0.970; sensitivity, 90.0%; specificity, 100%). Impact: The combination of DCE-MRI based kep value and DWI based ADC value can provide excellent diagnostic accuracy in non-invasively predicting microsatellite status. This study provides insight into potential application of multi-modality MRI in predicting patient with CRC.
Predictive value of mrSSS score for pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for patients with rectal cancer
Authors: Chen Fangying , Yuan Yuan , Shen Fu , Shao Chengwei
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Patients with rectal cancer who have pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) are the best candidates to receive nonoperative management. An optimized method to identify these patients remains to be developed. Goal(s): To measure the diagnostic performance of modified MRI-based split scar sign (mrSSS) score. Approach: The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of modified mrSSS score, endoscopic gross type, and MRI-based tumor regression grading (mrTRG) score, in the prediction of pCR, were compared. The prognostic value was also studied. Results: The modified mrSSS score had significantly higher sensitivity in predicting pCR. Patients with lower modified mrSSS scores had significantly longer disease-free survival. Impact: The modified mrSSS score showed satisfactory interobserver agreement and higher sensitivity in predicting pCR after nCRT in patients with rectal cancer. The modified mrSSS score is also a predictor of disease-free survival.
Sensitivity and Specificity of Detecting Premalignant Pancreatic Lesions by Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Enriquez Jose , Howell Rian , Le Roux Olivereen , Pudakalakatti Shivanand , Dutta Prasanta , Merényi Erzsébet , McAllister Florencia , Bhattacharya Pratip
Published: November 2024

Motivation: There is an unmet need for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer due to the asymptomatic nature of the disease. Goal(s): The goal is to detect the early stages of pancreatic cancer by monitoring the altered metabolism in premalignant pancreatic lesions in vivo with hyperpolarized metabolic imaging. Approach: This is validated in two mechanistic pathways of cancer progression, (1) pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN), and (2) intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). Results: Increased lactate flux is observed with progression of the premalignant lesions in both the pathways. No increase in lactate flux is observed in pancreatitis, a known confounder demonstrating the specificity of this technique. Impact: This research described has the potential for leading to practice-changing recommendations for non-invasively detecting and monitoring premalignant lesions and incipient pancreatic cancer, to prevent over-diagnosis and over-treatment of cysts that harbor indolent biology.
Predicting the Degree of Differentiation of Pancreatic Cancer: A Comparative Study of Four MRI Diffusion Models
Authors: Lan Ya , Chen Jie , Zhang Jinggang , Liu Fuyao , Hu Derui , Jiang Qi , Yang Mingming , Wu Yunzhu , Yan Xu , Yang Guang
Published: November 2024

Motivation: This study aims to determine the value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), intro-voxel incoherent movement (IVIM), continuous-time random walk (CTRW), and fractional order calculus (FROC) in assessing the degree of differentiation of pancreatic cancer. Goal(s): The objective is to identify the most effective quantitative diffusion metrics for assessing the degree of differentiation in pancreatic cancer. Approach: Four MRI diffusion models were generated using DXI technology to quantitatively evaluate the degree of differentiation in pancreatic cancer. Results: Significant differences were observed between the low-grade PDAC group and the high-grade PDAC group in terms of these metrics (KDKI, αCTRW, μFROC). Impact: These advanced diffusion models hold potential as noninvasive tools for predicting the degree of differentiation in pancreatic cancer, facilitating personalized management strategies for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Investigation of clinical applicability of multi-parametric 4D-MRI for radiotherapy in liver cancer
Authors: Li Sha , Zhu Xianggao , Zhang Chen , Li Tian , Lu Yanye
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Although many methods for generating 4D-MRI have been studied, there are few clinical applications for radiotherapy based on 4D-MRI. Goal(s): To investigate the clinical potential of multi-parametric 4D-MRI in liver cancer radiotherapy. Approach: Target contours were delineated on the planning CT with assisted by 3D-MRI and multi-parametric 4D-MRI. Clinical plans were designed based on these contours respectively. Target volume and contours in three different hepatic lobes and target dose were compared and evaluated. Results: 3D image-guided target delineation may be more likely to underestimate target volume and compromise dose coverage. Impact: Multi-parametric 4D-MRI can be applied in clinical radiotherapy, which provides more accurate target delineation and dose coverage.
Comparison of Abbreviated MRI with Hepatobiliary Phase Sequences versus Full Protocol MRI in Post-Microwave Ablation Surveillance of HCC
Authors: Keshavarz Pedram , King Kevin , Depetris Jena , Quirk Matthew , Kang Tae , Sayre James , Raman Steven , Lu David
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The study seeks to validate an abbreviated MRI protocol for HCC post-treatment surveillance. Goal(s): To determine whether an abbreviated MRI protocol is as effective as full protocol MRI for HCC surveillance post-MWA. Approach: A retrospective cohort study comparing abbreviated MRI to full protocol MRI in detecting HCC recurrence after microwave ablation. Results: The abbreviated MRI achieved an acceptable sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value, specificity in detecting local HCC recurrences post-MWA, indicating effective secondary surveillance potential. Impact: The study demonstrates that abbreviated MRI can effectively monitor HCC post-treatment, offering a less burdensome and cost-effective surveillance method with high accuracy, paving the way for streamlined clinical monitoring protocols.
Evaluation of imaging features and prognosis of CK19-positive small hepatocellular carcinoma patients based on gadoxetic acid enhanced MRI
Authors: liu maotong , zhang Tao , Zhang Xue-Qin , Zhao Xian-ce
Published: November 2024

Motivation: HCC expressing CK19-positive has a poor prognosis, and accurate preoperative prediction of CK19 is essential for determining the prognosis and treatment options for HCC patientsGoal(s): To explore the prognostic factors of CK19-positive small HCCApproach: In this study, a nomogram to predict C19-positive small HCC was successfully constructed, and predictive factors for early recurrence in patients with C19-positive small HCCwere clarified. Results: Rim APHE may help to predict early (2 years) postoperative recurrence in patients with CK19-positive small HCC (≤3 cm). Impact: In this study, a nomogram to predict CK19-positive small HCC was successfully constructed, and predictive factors for early recurrence in patients with C19-positive small HCC were clarified.