bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Book Reviews
Authors: Richardson Peter , Watkinson Anthony , Watts Louise , Reid Christine , Shelley Chris , Lees Nigel , Powell Andrea , Richardson Martin , Watkinson Anthony , Watkinson Anthony , Leighton Sophie , Powell Andrea
Published: July 2003

Serial Publications: Guidelines for Good Practice in Publishing Printed and Electronic Journals, 2nd edition, by Diane Brown, Elaine Stott and Anthony Watkinson

Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers 2003, £27 (members), £30 (non‐members), 108 pp., paperback. ISBN 0‐907341‐22‐5. Available from http://www.alpsp.org/pub3.htm

The Case for Institutional Repositories: A SPARC Position Paper prepared by Raym Crow, SPARC Senior Consultant

Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition, Washington DC. Release 1.0, 2002. Available at: www.arl.org/sparc

The Case for Institutional Repositories: A SPARC Position Paper prepared by Raym Crow, SPARC Senior Consultant

Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition, Washington, DC. Release 1.0, 2002. Available at: www.arl.org/sparc

Internet Law: Text and Materials by Chris Reed

Butterworths Tolley, 2000, £24.95, paperback. ISBN 0406981418

Intellectual Property Law by Lionel Bently and Brad Sherman

Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2001, £32.99 (paperback), 1136 pp. ISBN 0‐19‐876343‐3

Clearing the Way: Copyright Clearance in UK Libraries by Elizabeth Gadd

LISU Occasional Paper no. 31, Library & Information Statistics Unit (LISU), Department of Information Science, Loughborough University. ISBN 1 901786 51 X

Electronic Journals and User Behaviour: Learning for the Future from the SuperJournal Project by David Pullinger and Christine Baldwin

Deedot Press, 2002, £14.95. ISBN 0‐954‐2924‐0‐5

Electronic Ecology: A Case Study of Electronic Journals in Context by Karla L. Hahn

Association of Research Libraries, 79 pp., 2001, $45. ISBN 0‐918006‐46‐1

The Transition from Paper: Where Are We Going and How Will We Get There edited by R. Stephen Berry and Anne Simon Moffat

American Academy of Arts and Sciences, published online (2001): www.amacad.org/publications/trans.htm

The Transition from Paper: Where Are We Going and How Will We Get There edited by R. Stephen Berry and Anne Simon Moffat

American Academy of Arts and Sciences, published online (2001): www.amacad.org/publications/trans.htm

E‐Serials, Publishers, Libraries, Users and Standards, 2nd edn, edited by Wayne Jones

The Haworth Press Inc., 2003, 294 pp. paperback ISBN 0789012294
Advanced galvanometer‐based optical scanner design
Authors: Aylward Redmond P.
Published: July 2003

The closed loop galvanometer‐based optical scanners continues to be an advanced technology for the integration and enabling of a broader range of laser system applications and uses. Advances in the technology have provided major improvements in galvo positioning speed, accuracy, size and cost. This paper will introduce the benefits, operating ranges and recent advances in galvanometer technology for scanning applications along with some of the other components and issues related to system design for high performance scanning applications. Several different actuator and position detector technologies and designs will be presented including moving coil actuators, moving magnet actuators and patented capacitive and optical position detector designs that offer positioning speeds as fast as 100 μs and positioning repeatability to single microradians. The performance and system design trade‐offs that one should consider during the selection of the appropriate galvanometer technology and the optical systems design will be discussed along with a performance comparison of the galvanometer to other optical scanning technologies.
Evaluation of itaconic acid/aromatic diamine adducts as novel antioxidants polymers. Part 1: Evaluation as antioxidants for natural rubber vulcanizates
Authors: Youssef E.A.M. , El‐Nashaar D.E. , Abd El‐Ghaffar M.A.
Published: July 2003

Itaconic acid was reacted with phenylene diamine (ortho, meta and para) and o‐tolidine in boiling dekalin, using Dean and Stark apparatus. The polymers prepared were evaluated for their suitability as antioxidants for natural rubber vulcanizates. The amide polymers prepared showed high efficiency as antioxidants for rubber vulcanizates, exceeding the performance of commercial antioxidants. In addition, the results obtained are encouraging and support the use of these polymers from both the environmental and economical points of view.
Living with Lethal PIP3 Levels: Viability of Flies Lacking PTEN Restored by a PH Domain Mutation in Akt/PKB
Authors: Stocker Hugo , Andjelkovic Mirjana , Oldham Sean , Laffargue Muriel , Wymann Matthias P. , Hemmings Brian A. , Hafen Ernst
Published: June 2003

The phosphoinositide phosphatase PTEN is mutated in many human cancers. Although the role of PTEN has been studied extensively, the relative contributions of its numerous potential downstream effectors to deregulated growth and tumorigenesis remain uncertain. We provide genetic evidence in
Drosophila melanogaster
for the paramount importance of the protein kinase Akt [also called protein kinase B (PKB)] in mediating the effects of increased phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) concentrations that are caused by the loss of PTEN function. A mutation in the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of Akt that reduces its affinity for PIP3 sufficed to rescue the lethality of flies devoid of PTEN activity. Thus, Akt appears to be the only critical target activated by increased PIP3 concentrations in
Drosophila
.
Immune Responses against
Salmonella enterica
Serovar Enteritidis Infection in Virally Immunosuppressed Chickens
Authors: Sheela Ruby R. , Babu Uma , Mu Jie , Elankumaran Subbiah , Bautista Daniel A. , Raybourne Richard B. , Heckert Robert A. , Song Wenxia
Published: July 2003

To understand the role of immune mechanisms in protecting chickens from
Salmonella
infections, we examined the immune responses of
Salmonella enterica
serovar Enteritidis-infected chickens and the effect of chicken anemia virus (CAV), a T-cell-targeted virus, on
S. enterica
serovar Enteritidis-induced immune responses. One-day-old chicks were orally inoculated with
S. enterica
serovar Enteritidis with or without intramuscular injection of CAV. The bacterial infection, pathology, and immune responses of chickens were evaluated at 14, 28, and 56 days postinoculation. The infection increased the levels of
S. enterica
serovar Enteritidis-specific mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA), the number of gut-associated T cells, and the titer of serum IgG specific for
S. enterica
serovar Enteritidis surface antigens. CAV infection depressed these immune responses, especially the mucosal immune responses, but did not increase the number of
S. enterica
serovar Enteritidis-infected cells in the intestine. The severity of pathological lesions appeared to be reciprocal to the level of immune responses, but the
S. enterica
serovar Enteritidis infection persisted. These results suggest that oral infection of
S. enterica
serovar Enteritidis in chickens induces both mucosal and systemic immune responses, which have a limited effect on the
S. enterica
serovar Enteritidis infection under conditions designed to mimic the field situation.
MOBILE COMPUTING: OPPORTUNITIES FOR PARALLEL ALGORITHMS RESEARCH
Authors: ZOMAYA ALBERT Y.
Published: June 2003

The last thirty years have seen tremendous growth in research in mobile telecommunications. However, interest in mobile computing, which includes mobile telephony and more, has increased over the last ten years. Nevertheless, most of the research on mobile computing addresses the "engineering" issues and the electronic componentary required for building mobile systems. On the other hand, algorithmics research in mobile computing is still in its infancy, and only dates back to few years. The elegance and terseness that exist today in algorithmics, especially parallel computing algorirthmics, can be brought to bear on research on "mobile computing algorithmics". However, mobility brings to the stage a whole gamut of new problems that needs to be addressed in order to develop new and efficient parallel algorithms that can be used to solve mobile computing problems.
CACHE MISS ANALYSIS OF 2D STENCIL CODES WITH TILED TIME LOOP
Authors: LEOPOLD CLAUDIA
Published: June 2003

Stencil codes such as the Jacobi, Gauß-Seidel, and red-black Gauß-Seidel kernels are among the most time-consuming routines in many scientific and engineering applications. The performance of these codes critically depends on an efficient usage of caches, and can be improved by tiling. Several tiling schemes have been suggested in the literature; this paper gives an overview and comparison. Then, in the main part, we prove a lower bound on the number of cold and capacity misses. Finally, we analyze a particular tiling scheme, and show that it is off the lower bound by a factor of at most ten. Our results show up limitations to the speedup that can be gained by future research.
DESIGNING PARALLEL ALGORITHMS FOR HIERARCHICAL SMP CLUSTERS
Authors: SCHMOLLINGER MARTIN , KAUFMANN MICHAEL
Published: June 2003

Clusters of symmetric multiprocessor nodes (SMP clusters) are one of the most important parallel architectures at the moment. The architecture consists of shared-memory nodes with multiple processors and a fast interconnection network between the nodes. New programming models try to exploit this architecture by using threads in the nodes and using message-passing-libraries for inter-node communication. In order to develop efficient algorithms, it is necessary to consider the hybrid nature of the architecture and of the programming models. We present the κNUMA-model and a methodology that build a good base for designing efficient algorithms for SMP clusters. The κNUMA-model is a computational model that extends the bulk-synchronous parallel (BSP) model with the characteristics of SMP clusters and new hybrid programming models. The κNUMA-methodology suggests to develop efficient overall algorithms by developing efficient algorithms for each level in the hierarchy. We use the problem of personalized one-to-all-broadcast and the dense matrix-vector-multiplication for the presentation. The theoretical results of the analysis of the dense matrix-vector-multiplication are verified practically. We show results of experiments, made on a Linux-cluster of dual Pentium-III nodes.
LINEAR LAYOUT OF GENERALIZED HYPERCUBES
Authors: NAKANO KOJI
Published: June 2003

This paper deals with two kinds of generalized hypercubes: a d-dimensional c-ary clique [Formula: see text] and a d-dimensional c-ary array [Formula: see text]. A d-dimensional c-ary clique [Formula: see text] has nodes labeled by cdintegers from 0 to cd- 1 and two nodes are connected by an edge if and only if the c-ary representations of their labels differ by one and only one digit. A d-dimensional c-ary array [Formula: see text] also has nodes labeled by cdintegers from 0 to cd- 1, and two nodes are connected if and only if the c-ary representations of their labels differ by one and only one digit and the absolute value of the difference in that digit is 1. Further, an n-node c-ary clique [Formula: see text] is the induced subgraph of [Formula: see text] with nodes labeled by integers from 0 to n - 1. The main contribution of this paper is to clarify several topological properties of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in terms of their linear layouts. For this purpose, we first prove that [Formula: see text] is a maximum subgraph of [Formula: see text], that is, [Formula: see text]has the largest number of edges over all n-node subgraphs of [Formula: see text], whenever n ≤ m. Using this fact, we show the exact values of the bisection width, cut width, and total edge length of [Formula: see text]. We also show the exact value of the bisection width of [Formula: see text] and nearly tight values of the cut width and the total edge length of [Formula: see text].
NEW EVIDENCE OF DISCRETE SCALE INVARIANCE IN THE ENERGY DISSIPATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE: CORRELATION APPROACH AND DIRECT SPECTRAL DETECTION
Authors: ZHOU WEI-XING , SORNETTE DIDIER , PISARENKO VLADILEN
Published: June 2003

We extend the analysis of Ref. 16 showing statistically significant log-periodic corrections to scaling in the moments of the energy dissipation rate in experiments at high Reynolds number (≈ 2500) of three-dimensional fully developed turbulence. First, we develop a simple variant of the canonical averaging method using a rephasing scheme between different samples based on pairwise correlations that confirms Zhou and Sornette's previous results. The second analysis uses a simpler local spectral approach and then performs averages over many local spectra. This yields stronger evidence of the existence of underlying log-periodic undulations, with the detection of more than 20 harmonics of a fundamental logarithmic frequency f = 1.434 ± 0.007 corresponding to the preferred scaling ratio γ = 2.008 ± 0.006.
THRESHOLD VALUE OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL BOOTSTRAP PERCOLATION
Authors: KURTSIEFER DIRK
Published: June 2003

The present article deals with the critical value pc of the three-dimensional bootstrap percolation. We will check the behavior of pc for different lengths of the lattice and additionally we will scale pc in the limit of an infinite lattice.
CRITICAL TEMPERATURE OF A WEAKLY INTERACTING BOSE GAS IN A POWER-LAW POTENTIAL
Authors: SUZUKI HIDENORI , SUZUKI MASUO
Published: June 2003

The critical temperature T c of a weakly interacting Bose gas in an isotropic power-low potential is investigated in the mean-field approximation by taking into account the fact that the particle density distribution function appearing in the mean-field depends on the chemical potential. We derive the general formula of the shift of T c from that of the ideal gas to the lowest order of an interaction. In three-dimensional space, we show that the shift of T c changes its sign from a negative value for n < 3 to a positive one for n > 3, where n is the exponent of the power-low potential.
HYBRID CHAOS SYNCHRONIZATION
Authors: BARAJAS-RAMÍREZ JUAN-GONZALO , CHEN GUANRONG , SHIEH LEANG S.
Published: June 2003

The problem of hybrid chaos synchronization is investigated, where a digital response subsystem is designed to synchronize with an analog drive subsystem. The approach taken is a new prediction-based digital redesign for a continuous-time observer embedded in the response via an optimal linearization approach of the nonlinear chaotic systems. Three typical but topologically quite different chaotic systems, Chua's circuit, Duffing oscillator, and Chen's system, are simulated thereby validating the novel design proposed in this paper.
A MULTIGRID-LANCZOS ALGORITHM FOR THE NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF NONLINEAR EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS
Authors: CHANG S.-L. , CHIEN C.-S.
Published: June 2003

We study numerical methods for solving nonlinear elliptic eigenvalue problems which contain folds and bifurcation points. First we present some convergence theory for the MINRES, a variant of the Lanczos method. A multigrid-Lanczos method is then proposed for tracking solution branches of associated discrete problems and detecting singular points along solution branches. The proposed algorithm has the advantage of being robust and can be easily implemented. It can be regarded as a generalization and an improvement of the continuation-Lanczos algorithm. Our numerical results show the efficiency of this algorithm.
A NOTE ON THE RESPONSE SPECTRUM MAP
Authors: VIRGIN L. N. , NICHOLS J. M. , TRICKEY S. T.
Published: June 2003

A plot of frequency, or spectral, content versus a system parameter was introduced in a recent paper by Billings and Boaghe [2001] as a useful alternative to bifurcation diagrams in nonlinear dynamics. The current contribution illustrates the same approach based on data taken from two experimental mechanical systems in which hysteresis is featured.
DOUBLING HOMOTOPY K3 SURFACES
Authors: PARK B. DOUG
Published: June 2003

We perform certain doubling operation on the homotopy K3 surfaces of R. Fintushel and R. J. Stern to obtain a new family of smooth closed simply-connected irreducible spin 4-manifolds indexed by knots in S3.
Single-Boundary Iteration for Polynomial Invariants
Authors: CHAN TAT-HUNG
Published: June 2003

In an earlier paper [1] we show that if a family of oriented links obey an iterative pattern, their HOMFLY polynomials satisfy a homogeneous linear recurrence relation. This also holds for Kauffman polynomials. Here we prove the result using a different construction which in some cases yields a recurrence relation of much lower order, thereby drastically reducing the amount of computation required to obtain explicit polynomials for individual members or a general formula for the entire family.
FINITE TYPE LINK HOMOTOPY INVARIANTS OF k-TRIVIAL LINKS
Authors: HUGHES JAMES R.
Published: June 2003

In a recent paper [8], Xiao-Song Lin gave an example of a finite type invariant of links up to link homotopy that is not simply a polynomial in the pairwise linking numbers. Here we present a reformulation of the problem of finding such polynomials using the primary geometric obstruction homomorphism, previously used to study realizability of link group automorphisms by link homotopies. Using this reformulation, we generalize Lin's results to k-trivial links (links that become homotopically trivial when any k components are deleted). Our approach also gives a method for finding torsion finite type link homotopy invariants within "linking classes," generalizing an idea explored earlier in [1] and [10], and yielding torsion invariants within linking classes that are different from Milnor's invariants in their original indeterminacy.
HOMOTOPY QUANTUM FIELD THEORIES AND THE HOMOTOPY COBORDISM CATEGORY IN DIMENSION 1 + 1
Authors: RODRIGUES GONÇALO
Published: June 2003

We define Homotopy quantum field theories (HQFT) as Topological quantum field theories (TQFT) for manifolds endowed with extra structure in the form of a map into some background space X. We also build the category of homotopy cobordisms HCobord(n, X) such that an HQFT is a functor from this category into a category of linear spaces. We then derive some very general properties of HCobord(n, X), including the fact that it only depends on the (n + 1)-homotopy type of X. We also prove that an HQFT with target space X and in dimension n + 1 implies the existence of geometrical structures in X; in particular, flat gerbes make their appearance. We give a complete characterization of HCobord(n, X) for n = 1 (or the 1 + 1 case) and X the Eilenberg-Maclane space K(G, 2). In the final section we derive state sum models for these HQFT's.
ON A MAP FROM PURE BRAIDS TO KNOTS
Authors: MOSTOVOY JACOB , STANFORD THEODORE
Published: June 2003

We introduce an oriented version of the plat closure and prove a Markov-type theorem for it. Some implications for Vassiliev invariants are discussed.
HIGHER DIMENSIONAL COSMOLOGICAL MODEL IN LYRA GEOMETRY: REVISITED
Authors: SINGH G. P. , KOTAMBKAR S. , PRADHAN ANIRUDH
Published: June 2003

In this paper we have revisited the research work of Rahman and Bera22on Kaluza–Klein cosmological model within the framework of Lyra Geometry. It has been shown that the empty universe model yields a power law relation without any assumption. The role of bulk viscosity on five-dimensional cosmological model is discussed. The physical behaviour of the models is examined in all cases.
PLANE-SYMMETRIC INHOMOGENEOUS BULK VISCOUS COSMOLOGICAL MODELS WITH VARIABLE Λ
Authors: PRADHAN ANIRUDH , PANDEY HARE RAM
Published: June 2003

A plane-symmetric non-static cosmological model representing a bulk viscous fluid distribution has been obtained which is inhomogeneous and anisotropic and a particular case of which is gravitationally radiative. Without assuming any ad hoc law, we obtain a cosmological constant as a decreasing function of time. The physical and geometric features of the models are also discussed.
HOW RECENT IS COSMIC ACCELERATION?
Authors: MANNHEIM PHILIP D.
Published: June 2003

Possibly the most peculiar expectation of the standard fine-tuned cosmological paradigm is that cosmic acceleration is to only be a very recent (z<1) phenomenon, with the universe being required to be decelerating at all higher redshifts. Detailed exploration of the Hubble plot out to z=2 or so will not just provide an absolute test of this expectation but will also allow for testing of conformal gravity, a non fine-tuned alternate cosmological theory which provides equally good fitting to the current z<1 Hubble plot data while requiring the universe to be accelerating at higher z instead. With both standard and conformal gravity being found to be compatible with a very recently reported z=1.7 data point, additional data points will thus be needed to determine whether the universe is accelerating or decelerating above z=1.
GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE OF PERFECT FLUID IN SELF-SIMILAR HIGHER DIMENSIONAL SPACE–TIMES
Authors: GHOSH S. G. , DESHKAR D. W.
Published: June 2003

We investigate the occurrence and nature of naked singularities in the gravitational collapse of an adiabatic perfect fluid in self-similar higher dimensional space–times. It is shown that strong curvature naked singularities could occur if the weak energy condition holds. Its implication for cosmic censorship conjecture is discussed. Known results of analogous studies in four dimensions can be recovered.
FRACTAL ANALYSIS OF ARTISTIC IMAGES: FROM CUBISM TO FRACTALISM
Authors: NYIKOS LAJOS , BALÁZS LÁSZLÓ , SCHILLER ROBERT
Published: June 2003

Black-and-white graphic images of great artists: Durer, Rembrandt, Picasso and Munch were analyzed in terms of fractal geometry. The pictures were digitized and the spatial distributions of the resulting ensembles of black and white pixels were characterized by their: (a) box dimension Db, (b) information dimension Di, and (c) mass exponent Dm. Whereas Db and Di were seen to coincide, Dm was usually found to be somewhat higher. Plates, which can best be described as line drawings, have D = 1 at small lengths, and D = 2 at length scales commensurate with that of the plate, with a fairly narrow crossover region. Some textured images, however, are of definite fractal character: their dimensions are well-defined non-integer constants over more than two orders of magnitude of length. At present the authors refrain from discussing the role of dilatation symmetry in graphic art.
FRACTAL CLUSTERS AND SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY
Authors: JÁNOSI IMRE M. , CZIRÓK ANDRÁS
Published: June 2003

Self-organized criticality (SOC) and fractals have been shown to be related in various ways. On the one hand, the original idea of SOC suggests that the common explanation of the origin of fractal shapes in nature may be based on self-organized processes. Thus different models exhibiting SOC result in relaxation clusters or avalanches whose geometrical characteristics could be described by fractals. On the other hand, there exist several models for fractal growth phenomena, such as viscous fingering, invasion percolation, dielectric breakdown, etc., and it is possible that the concept of SOC may help in finding the common feature of these models. In this paper we review the recent results on self-organized critical behaviour in various fractal growth models. Next we discuss the relation of fractals and self-organized criticality by concentrating on the geometrical properties of SOC clusters in 2–4 dimensions. A short analysis of the cluster growth processes is given as well.
RECURSIVENESS AND EVOLVABILITY IN A MUTUALLY CATALYTIC REACTION SYSTEM
Authors: KANEKO KUNIHIKO
Published: June 2003

We discuss how recursive production of a proto-cell consisting of a mutually catalytic reaction network is possible. It is shown that a minority molecule species plays an essential role in carrying heredity, in the sense that the molecule is preserved well and controls replication of the cell. The cell state controlled by such a minority molecule is shown to have evolvability. Successive switches over quasi-recursive states are found, caused by extinction of minority molecules. Experimental demonstration of the theory is also discussed.
CONTINUING EMERGENCE IN LIVING SYSTEMS
Authors: LARTER RAIMA , CRAIG MELISSA GLENDENING , TINSLEY REBECCA
Published: June 2003

As discussed in other articles in this issue, chemical emergence may have led to the appearance of life on the pre-biotic earth, but it is even more obviously clear that emergence continues in living systems, producing complex phenomena such as ordering, biorhythms and even, possibly, consciousness. The role of continuing emergence in living systems is reviewed here with special attention to the Peroxidase–Oxidase reaction and neurochemical systems. For the latter, we review the role of subnetwork dynamics in epilepsy and an intriguing new possiblity that calcium waves in fields of astrocytes in the brain may be involved in the spread of epileptic seizures.
The Beijing Density Functional (BDF) Program Package: Methodologies and Applications
Authors: Liu Wenjian , Wang Fan , Li Lemin
Published: July 2003

The Beijing Density Functional (BDF) program package is such a code that can perform nonrelativistic, one-, two-, and four-component relativistic density functional calculations on medium-sized molecular systems with various functionals in most compact and yet sufficient basis set expansions. The mergence of different approaches in a single code facilitates direct and systematic comparisons between different Hamiltonians, since they share all the same numerical and technical issues. In this account, the methodologies adopted in the code will be discussed in great detail and some applications of the code will be briefly presented.
Selecting Methods to Solve Multi-Well Master Equations
Authors: Frankcombe Terry J. , Smith Sean C.
Published: July 2003

There are several competing methods commonly used to solve energy grained master equations describing gas-phase reactive systems. When it comes to selecting an appropriate method for any particular problem, there is little guidance in the literature. In this paper we directly compare several variants of spectral and numerical integration methods from the point of view of computer time required to calculate the solution and the range of temperature and pressure conditions under which the methods are successful. The test case used in the comparison is an important reaction in combustion chemistry and incorporates reversible and irreversible bimolecular reaction steps as well as isomerizations between multiple unimolecular species. While the numerical integration of the ODE with a stiff ODE integrator is not the fastest method overall, it is the fastest method applicable to all conditions.
Useful Integrals for Ab-Initio Molecular Quantum Similarity Measurements Using Slater Type Atomic Orbitals
Authors: Berlu Lilian , Hoggan Philip
Published: July 2003

Molecular quantum similarity measurements are based on a quantitative comparison of the one-electron densities of two molecules superposed and aligned to optimize a well-defined similarity function.

In most previous work the densities have been related using a Dirac delta leading to the overlap-like quantum similarity function. The densities for the two molecules compared have generally been approximated often with a simple LCAO of s-gaussian functions.

In this work, we present a one center two range expansion method for the evaluation of the overlap integrals involved in the overlap-like quantum similarity function over Slater type orbitals (STO).

The single center and three types of two-center overlap integrals (involving four atomic orbitals; two in each molecule) have led to finite sums using a single center approach combined with selection rules obtained by analysis of orbital angular momentum (conservation).

The three- and four-center integrals are also obtained analytically but involve infinite sums which require further study before leading to a complete set of integral codes for ab-initio quantum similarity.
The Diophantine equation ax2 + 2bxy − 4ay2 = ±1
Authors: Bapoungué Lionel
Published: June 2003

We discuss, with the aid of arithmetical properties of the ring of the Gaussian integers, the solvability of the Diophantine equation ax2 + 2bxy − 4ay2 = ±1, where a and b are nonnegative integers. The discussion is relative to the solution of Pell′s equation v2 − (4a2 + b2)w2 = −4.
Asymptotic solutions of diffusion models for risk reserves
Authors: Shao S.
Published: June 2003

We study a family of diffusion models for risk reserves which account for the investment income earned and for the inflation experienced on claim amounts. After we defined the process of the conditional probability of ruin over finite time and imposed the appropriate boundary conditions, classical results from the theory of diffusion processes turn the stochastic differential equation to a special class of initial and boundary value problems defined by a linear diffusion equation. Armed with asymptotic analysis and perturbation theory, we obtain the asymptotic solutions of the diffusion models (possibly degenerate) governing the conditional probability of ruin over a finite time in terms of interest rate.
On the Radiative and Dynamical Feedbacks over the Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue
Authors: Sun De-Zheng , Fasullo John , Zhang Tao , Roubicek Andres
Published: July 2003

An analysis of the climatic feedbacks in the NCAR Community Climate Model, version 3 (CCM3) over the equatorial Pacific cold tongue is presented. Using interannual signals in the underlying SST, the radiative and dynamical feedbacks have been calculated using both observations and outputs from the NCAR CCM3. The results show that the positive feedback from the greenhouse effect of water vapor in the model largely agrees with that from observations. The dynamical feedback from the atmospheric transport in the model is also comparable to that from observations. However, the negative feedback from the solar forcing of clouds in the model is significantly weaker than the observed, while the positive feedback from the greenhouse effect of clouds is significantly larger. Consequently, the net atmospheric feedback in the CCM3 over the equatorial cold tongue region is strongly positive (5.1 W m−2 K−1), while the net atmospheric feedback in the real atmosphere is strongly negative (−6.4 W m−2 K−1). A further analysis with the aid of the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) data suggests that cloud cover response to changes in the SST may be a significant error source for the cloud feedbacks. It is also noted that the surface heating over the cold tongue in CCM3 is considerably weaker than in observations. In light of results from a linear feedback system, as well as those from a more sophisticated coupled model, it is suggested that the discrepancy in the net atmospheric feedback may have contributed significantly to the cold bias in the equatorial Pacific in the NCAR Climate System Model (CSM).
The Effects of Filler Loading and a Silane Coupling Agent on the Dynamic Properties and Swelling Behaviour of Bamboo Filled Natural Rubber Compounds
Authors: Ismail Hanafi
Published: July 2003

The effects of filler loading and a silane coupling agent, bis (triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulphide, Si69 on the dynamic properties and swelling behaviour of bamboo fibre filled natural rubber composites were studied. The dynamic properties such as minimum elastic torque, S′ @ ML, maximum elastic torque, S′ @ MH, tan δ @ MH and maximum viscous torque, S″ @ MH increased with increasing filler loading. However, the presence of a silane coupling agent, Si69 showed beneficial effects by reducing the S′ @ ML, tan δ @ MH and S″ @ MH. Swelling studies also indicated that Si69 can be used to reduce the water absorption of the composites.
Work, Human Agency and Organizational Forms: An Anatomy of Fragmentation
Authors: Kallinikos Jannis
Published: July 2003

This article is concerned with the changing premises of human involvement in organizations underlying current employment and labour trends. The appreciation of these trends is placed in the wider historical context signified by the advent of modernity and the diffusion of the bureaucratic form of organization. The article attempts to dissociate bureaucracy from the dominant connotations of centralized and rigid organizational arrangements. It identifies the distinctive mark of the modern workplace with the crucial fact that it admits human involvement in non-inclusive terms. Modern humans are involved in organizations qua roles, rather than qua persons. Innocent as it may seem, the separation of the role from the person has been instrumental to the construction of modern forms of human agency. An organizational anthropology is thereafter outlined based on Gellner's conception of `Modular Man'. Modernity and bureaucracy construe human beings as assemblages of relatively independent behavioural modules that can be invoked individually or in combination to respond to the differentiated character of the contemporary world. While the occupational mobility and organizational flexibility currently under way presuppose a model of human agency that recounts basic attributes of the modular human, they at the same time challenge it in some important respects.
Philosophical analysis and the moral concept of racism
Authors: Garcia J. L. A.
Published: July 2003

This paper uses tools of philosophical analysis critically to examine accounts of the nature of racism that have recently been offered by writers including existentialist philosopher Lewis Gordon, conservative theorist Dinesh D'Souza, and sociologists Michael Omi and Howard Winant.

These approaches, which conceive of racism either as a bad-faith choice to believe, a doctrine, or as a type of ‘social formation’, are found wanting for a variety of reasons, especially that they cannot comprehend some forms of racism. I propose an account that conceives racism chiefly as a motivational/volitional matter, in short, as a form of moral viciousness. I show how this approach offers a unified account that comprises inter alia individual and institutional racism, expressed and unexpressed racism. I point out advantages that my view has over Thomas Schmid's somewhat similar suggestion, and use the account to examine a number of claims made about racism by H. L. Gates, Jr, Elizabeth Young-Bruehl, Gertrude Ezorsky, and others. Finally, I defend this approach from the general criticism that Benjamin DeMott has levelled against any effort so to understand racism.
Teaching Literature as Aberrant Science
Authors: Noyes John K.
Published: July 2003

To be a teacher of literature at a university today is to occupy a problematic position in the production and codification of knowledge - a fact that has generated a great deal of critical comment in recent years. But it should be noted that this position in its problematic dimensions is not necessarily new. In fact there is reason to believe that the teacher of literature has always been a propagator of an aberrant science - yet a science that in its aberrations has more to do with the methodological problems of the natural sciences than is usually credited.
Thermal Elastic-Plastic Stress Analysis of Antisymmetric Aluminium Metal-Matrix Composite Laminated Plates Under Constant Temperature Change through the Thickness
Authors: Şenel Mehmet
Published: July 2003

In this paper, thermal elastic-plastic stress analysis is carried out on simply supported antisymmetric cross-ply [0°/90°]2 and angle-ply [30°/−30°]2, [45°/−45°]2, [60°/−60°]2, [15°/−15°]2, [15°/−30°]2, [15°/−45°]2, [15°/−60°]2 aluminium metal-matrix laminated plates under constant temperature change through the thickness of plates. The plates are composed of four orthotropic layers bonded antisymmetrically. In the solution, a special computer program has been employed. The composite materials are assumed to be perfectly plastic. Tsai-Hill Theory is used as a yield criterion. Plastic and residual stresses are determined in the antisymmetric cross-ply and angle-ply laminated plates for small deformations. The intensity of stress components in the antisymmetric cross-ply laminated plate is higher than in angle-ply laminated plate due to the differences among the stiffnesses of layers. Plastic yielding occurs in all the laminated plates at the same temperature.
Experimental Study on the Factors Concerning the Ignition Time and Mass Loss Rate of Timber
Authors: Zhang Jing-Yan , Yang Li-Zhong , Guo Zai-Fu , Deng Zhi-Hua
Published: July 2003

The article is concentrated on the ignition time and mass loss rate of timber under different conditions such as the radiation flux, the distance between the sample and the radiation source and the sample obliquity. On the basis of a series of experiments, the result is that the ignition time of timber has a linear relation with the factors mentioned above. And after the timber is ignited, the mass loss rate is accelerated.
Evaluation of Flame Spread on Thin Polymeric Rooflight Materials
Authors: Khan Mohammed M. , Alpert Ronald L.
Published: July 2003

An empirical flame spread parameter (dimensional), which is a function of peak chemical heat release rate and ignition behavior, obtained from bench-scale ASTM E-2058 tests, is used to correlate the flame spread behavior of eighteen thin polymeric rooflight materials in large-scale ASTM E-108 tests. Although this empirical parameter appears to correlate the extent of flame spread in large-scale tests of most rooflight materials, including melting types, the parameter fails to predict the flame spread behavior of several nonmelting materials. Data have also been analyzed using a dimensionless parameter, based on an existing concurrent flame spread model that includes the consideration of burnout for thin materials. This parameter, a flame acceleration factor (FAF), is a function of ignition time, burning duration and chemical heat release rate obtained from E-2058 tests. A correlation between FAF and the extent of flame spread measured in large-scale E-108 tests is presented. Consistent with the model prediction, flame spread remains within the flame exposure region in E-108 tests when FAF <0. Flame spread is distinctly beyond the exposure source when FAF >0. An exception is the case when there is extensive melting, a phenomenon not taken into account by the FAF model.
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of the Ammonium Polyphosphate—Polyurethane System used as Fire-Retardant Additive in EVA
Authors: Duquesne Sophie , Le Bras Michel , Delobel René , Camino Giovanni , Gengembre Léon
Published: July 2003

First, the efficiency of a mixture PU/APP as fire retardant in an ethylene-vinyl acetate matrix is investigated. It is shown that the fire performance is sharply improved. Second, the mechanism of fire retardancy of PU/APP is discussed considering the protective surface material, investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It is shown that APP contributes to the formation of the intumescent shield creating stable nitrogenated as well as phosphorus compounds via reaction with PU and/or with its degradation products. Such species modifies the mechanical properties of the shield resulting in an improvement of its fire retarding properties.
Design of a Single-Crystal Piezoceramic Vibration Absorber
Authors: Rusovici Razvan , Dosch Jeffrey J. , Lesieutre George A.
Published: July 2003

The development of a new class of devices for the suppression of structural vibration becomes possible by exploiting the unique properties of single-crystal piezoceramics. These vibration absorbers will be compact, robust, and demand minimal power for operation. They will be characterized by frequency agility, which means that the absorber tuning parameters can adapt rapidly to controller command and tuning can be accomplished over a wide frequency range. Identified applications include control of turbomachinery vibration, flexible space structures, jitter control in optical systems, and vibration isolation in machinery mounts. The current state-of-the-art adaptive vibration absorber tuning range is fundamentally limited by the electromechanical coupling of presently available polycrystalline piezoceramic materials. The narrow tuning range characteristic of current vibration absorbers severely limits the implementation of the solid-state absorber concept.

This work presents efforts related to the design of vibration absorbers that use the single-crystal piezoceramic large electromechanical coupling to achieve greatly enhanced tuning over a wide frequency range. Absorber electromechanical coupling-coefficients greater than 50% were obtained. Design issues specifically related to the use of single crystals in vibration absorbers were identified and addressed. Several device configurations were analyzed and tested. Good agreement was observed between analytical and experimental results.
Micro and Macromechanical Investigations of CuAlNi Single Crystal and CuAlMnZn Polycrystalline Shape Memory Alloys
Authors: Brinson L. Catherine , Schmidt Ina , Lammering Rolf
Published: July 2003

The micro and macromechanical transformation behavior of single and polycrystalline shape memory alloys was investigated using in situ optical microscopy. An interference filter was used on the microscope to enhance observation of grain boundaries and martensitic plate formation and growth. Experiments on CuAlMnZn polycrystals as well as CuAlNi single crystal shape memory alloys were performed and results are reported in this paper. Cyclic behavior, temperature effects and strain rate effects were studied in detail. Excellent correlation between stress relaxation and temperature decay at several strain rates was achieved. At high strain rates, a dramatic redistribution of martensitic variants was seen in the single crystal specimens after loading to a fixed strain. Tests were performed at different temperatures to help identify the mechanism for variant redistribution.
Structural Health Monitoring Using Modular Wireless Sensors
Authors: Tanner Neal A. , Wait Jeannette R. , Farrar Charles R. , Sohn Hoon
Published: July 2003

System integration of an online structural health monitoring module was accomplished by coupling commercially available microelectro-mechanical system sensors and a wireless telemetry unit with damage detection firmware. To showcase the capabilities of the integrated monitoring module, a bolted frame structure was constructed, and the preload in one of the bolted joints was controlled by a piezoelectric stack actuator to simulate gradual deterioration of a bolted connection. Two separate damage detection algorithms were used to classify a joint as damaged or undamaged. First, a statistical process control algorithm was used to monitor the correlation of vibration data from two accelerometers mounted across a joint. Changes in correlation were used to detect damage to the joint. For each joint, data were processed locally on a microprocessor integrated with the wireless module, and the diagnosis result was remotely transmitted to the base monitoring station. Second, a more sophisticated damage detection algorithm combining time series analysis and statistical hypothesis testing was employed using a conventional wired data acquisition system to classify a joint on the demonstration structure as damaged or undamaged.
Physico-Chemical and Physiological Changes during Fruit Development and Ripening of Five Loquat (Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl.) Cultivars
Authors: Amorós A. , Zapata P. , Pretel M. T. , Botella M. A. , Serrano M.
Published: July 2003

Physico-chemical and physiological changes during development and ripening of five loquat cultivars ( Eriobotrya japonica Lindl., cv. Algerie, Cardona, Golden, Magdall and Peluche) were determined. Fruit growth showed a sigmoid curve in all loquat cultivars. A good relationship between duration of fast growth phase and fruit size was found. In addition, a positive correlation was also established between seed number and fruit size, and between seed weight and both fruit and flesh weight. Colour changes, sugar content increase and the decrease in fruit firmness and organic acids started simultaneously when loquat fruits were in the phase of fast growth, and at about 70-80% of their final weight. These physico-chemical changes related to fruit ripening coincided with an increase in both ethylene production rate and free and total 1-aminocyclopropane-1 -carboxylic acid (ACC) content in the flesh. In addition, a small respiration peak associated with ripening was also detected. These results indicated that loquat fruits of all five studied cultivars showed a pattern of ripening in the tree that could be classified as climacteric, with relatively low ethylene production evolving at an early phase of fruit development.
Self-Adapting Numerical Software for Next Generation Applications
Authors: Dongarra Jack , Eijkhout Victor
Published: June 2003

The challenge for the development of next generation software is the successful management of the complex grid environment while delivering to the scientist the full power of flexible compositions of the available algorithmic alternatives. Self-Adapting Numerical Software (SANS) systems are intended to meet this significant challenge.

A SANS system comprises intelligent next generation numerical software that domain scientists - with disparate levels of knowledge of algorithmic and programmatic complexities of the underlying numerical software - can use to easily express and efficiently solve their problem. The components of a SANS system are: • A SANS agent with: - An intelligent component that automates method selection based on data, algorithm and system attributes. - A system component that provides intelligent management of and access to the computational grid. - A history database that records relevant information generated by the intelligent component and maintains past performance data of the interaction (e.g., algorithmic, hardware specific, etc.) between SANS components. • A simple scripting language that allows a structured multilayered implementation of the SANS while ensuring portability and extensibility of the user interface and underlying libraries. • An XML/CCA-based vocabulary of metadata to describe behavioral properties of both data and algorithms. • System components, including a runtime adaptive scheduler, and prototype libraries that automate the process of architecture-dependent tuning to optimize performance on different platforms.

A SANS system can dramatically improve the ability of computational scientists to model complex, interdisciplinary phenomena with maximum efficiency and a minimum of extra-domain expertise. SANS innovations (and their generalizations) will provide to the scientific and engineering community a dynamic computational environment in which the most effective library components are automatically selected based on the problem characteristics, data attributes, and the state of the grid.
The Manufacture of Corporate Social Responsibility: Constructing Corporate Sensibility
Authors: Roberts John
Published: July 2003

This paper develops a framework for differentiating between mere image and substance in corporate claims to social responsibility. The paper begins by drawing upon the work of Levinas to explore the nature of responsibility and ethical sensibility. It then explores four versions of corporate social responsibility (CSR): the conditions under which CSR is squeezed out by the dominance of financial pressures; the embrace of CSR as a form of public relations so as to allow business to continue as usual; the adoption within the firm of new forms of measurement and incentives to motivate increased attention to the ethical, social and environmental impacts; and finally CSR as a dialogue across the corporate boundary with those most vulnerable to the effects of corporate conduct. The paper concludes by exploring the complex relationships between these different versions of CSR.