bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“It’s a Heavy Thing to Carry:” Internal Medicine and Pediatric Resident Experiences Caring for Dying Patients
Authors: Gibbon Lindsay M. , Buck Laura , Schmidt Lauren , Bogetz Jori F. , Trowbridge Amy
Published: June 2023

Background

Residents often feel unprepared to care for dying patients and may benefit from more training. Little is known about factors in the clinical setting that promote resident learning about end of life (EOL) care.

Objectives

This qualitative study aimed to characterize the experiences of residents caring for dying patients and elucidate the impact of emotional, cultural, and logistical factors on learning.

Methods

6 US internal medicine and 8 pediatric residents who had cared for at least 1 dying patient completed a semi-structured one-on-one interview between 2019 and 2020. Residents described an experience caring for a dying patient including their confidence in clinical skills, emotional experience, role within the interdisciplinary team, and perspective on how to improve their education. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and investigators conducted content analysis to generate themes.

Results

3 themes (with subthemes) emerged: (1) experiencing strong emotion or tension (loss of patient personhood, emerging professional identity, emotional dissonance); (2) processing the experience (innate resilience, team support); and (3) recognition of a new perspective or skill (bearing witness, meaning making, recognizing biases, emotional work of doctoring).

Conclusions

Our data suggests a model for the process by which residents learn affective skills critical to EOL care: residents (1) notice strong emotion, (2) reflect on the meaning of the emotion, and (3) crystallize this reflection into a new perspective or skill. Educators can use this model to develop educational methods that emphasize normalization of physician emotions and space for processing and professional identity formation.
Monday Mourning: A Call for the Study of Bereavement in the Workplace
Authors: Bergeron Diane M.
Published: June 2023

Bereavement, the reaction to the loss of someone significant through death, is a challenging life event. Despite its prevalence, it is an understudied aspect of organizational life. The goal of this article is to encourage research on bereavement in the workplace. After providing a brief overview and definitions of key terms, I highlight themes of what we know about bereavement from work in the organizational sciences. I then suggest several generative directions for future work. Such research may alleviate some of the bereavement burden for employees by better addressing their needs and by developing more humane organizational policies and practices.
CD34-Positive Spindle Cell Tumor With CTNNB1 Mutation: An Unusual Spindle Cell Variant of Sinonasal Glomangiopericytoma
Authors: Iwamura Ryuji , Nawata Aya , Akaike Ryota , Kitamura Takuro , Hisaoka Masanori
Published: June 2023

Sinonasal glomangiopericytoma is an uncommon mesenchymal tumor with a perivascular myoid phenotype, which is categorized as a borderline/low-grade malignant soft tissue tumor by the current World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck tumors. Here, we present the case of a 53-year-old woman with an unusual spindle cell morphology of sinonasal glomangiopericytoma arising in the nasal cavity, mimicking solitary fibrous tumor. Microscopically, the tumor showed a cellular proliferation of spindle cells in fascicles including a focal long sweeping arrangement or whorls, or with a storiform growth pattern, associated with hemangiopericytoma-like gaping blood vessels embedded in a fibrous stroma. This arrangement of the spindle cells faintly indicated a solitary fibrous tumor rather than sinonasal glomangiopericytoma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positively reactive to not only beta-catenin (in the nuclei) but also CD34, although signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 was negative. Mutational analysis using Sanger sequencing detected a CTNNB1 mutation. We finally diagnosed the tumor as a sinonasal glomangiopericytoma, showing an unusual spindle cell variant. Such unusual spindle cell morphology with CD34-immunoreactivity potentially leads to an incorrect diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor because such prominent fascicles including long sweeping structures, reminiscent of desmoid-type fibromatosis, have scarcely been described in the literature. Hence, careful morphological scrutiny using appropriate diagnostic adjuncts is necessary for correct diagnosis.
Structural Problems Demand Structural Solutions: Addressing Domestic and Family Violence
Authors: Rose Evelyn , Mertens Charlotte , Balint Jennifer
Published: June 2023

Despite the global recognition of domestic and family violence (DFV) as an outcome of unequal power relations between men and women, dominant frameworks for addressing DFV do not target the structural nature of the problem. Drawing on research conducted in partnership with the Federation of Community Legal Centres in Australia, we argue that a distinction needs to be made between what is genuinely structural change and what is system reform. Using intersectional feminist and decolonial theory and praxis, we reflect on what a structural approach to DFV could look like: one that confronts and actively tries to change the structural conditions that give rise to women's individual and collective vulnerability and victimization.
Quantifying chemotherapy wastage in an ambulatory cancer centre in Singapore
Authors: Chan Jun Qi , Leow Jo Lene , Poh Lay Mui , Yap Peter , Chew Lita
Published: June 2023

Introduction

To ensure the efficient use of chemotherapy drugs, chemotherapy wastage is an area that can be investigated. This study aims to quantify current parenteral chemotherapy wastage and estimate parenteral chemotherapy wastage when dose banding is executed, using a chemotherapy wastage calculator in an ambulatory cancer centre. The study also examines the variables that significantly predict the total cost of chemotherapy wastage, investigates the reasons for wastage, and explores opportunities to reduce wastage.

Methods

Data were collected from the pharmacy in National Cancer Centre Singapore over 9 months retrospectively. Chemotherapy wastage is the sum of wastage in the preparation phase and potential wastage in the administration phase. The calculator was created using Microsoft Excel and generated chemotherapy wastage in terms of cost and amount (mg) and analysed the reasons for potential wastage.

Results

The calculator reported a total of 2.22 million mg of chemotherapy wastage generated over 9 months, amounting to $2.05 million (Singapore Dollars, SGD). Regression analysis found that the cost of drug was the only independent variable that significantly predicted the total cost of chemotherapy wastage ( P = 0.004). The study also identified low blood count (625 [29.06%]) as the top reason for potential wastage and no-show ($128,715.94 [15.97%]) as the reason that incurred the highest cost of potential wastage.

Conclusion

The pharmacy has generated a considerable amount of chemotherapy wastage over 9 months. Interventions in both the preparation and administration phases are required to reduce chemotherapy wastage. The use of the chemotherapy wastage calculator in pharmacy operations could guide efforts to reduce chemotherapy wastage.
Organization Architecture Configurations for Successful Servitization
Authors: Heirati Nima , Leischnig Alexander , Henneberg Stephan C.
Published: June 2023

Despite the growing importance of servitization as a source of competitiveness for manufacturers, limited knowledge exists about organizational issues of servitization. Drawing on transaction cost economics theory and a configuration theoretical perspective, our study illuminates different organization architectures for servitization and how firms align such architectures with servitization approaches to achieve high financial performance. We analyze qualitative data based on interviews with 22 managers and quantitative data from a survey of 161 equipment manufacturers. The results indicate that manufacturers mostly opt for one of three organization architectures for servitization: internal product business unit, internal specialized service business unit, or external service provider. In addition, they reveal equifinal configurations of servitization characteristics to achieve high financial performance for each organization architecture. The internal specialized service business unit turns out as a flexible organization architecture to successfully provide smoothing, adapting, and substituting services. The use of an external service provider is less suited for the provision of adapting and substituting services, which require more knowledge specialization and coordination. All three organization architectures can be used to provide smoothing services. In summary, the results may serve as decision-making templates for aligning organization architecture, offering characteristics, and service provider integration to pursue servitization successfully.
Relational exchanges in the tourism distribution channels: An exploratory study on accommodation providers and tour operators
Authors: Wang Liyong
Published: June 2023

Distribution channel relationships are highly relevant in the tourism industry. The social exchange theory (SET) is a popular theoretical framework for exploring such inter-organizational relationships because it concerns economic and social interactions. However, the social exchange theory has rarely been applied to the tourism industry. The current study addresses this research gap and applies the social exchange theory in tourism. In-depth interviews were conducted with accommodation providers and tour operators in Japan to examine the dynamics of their relationships. Respondents confirmed the importance and difficulty of managing distribution channel relationships. Due to growing online platforms, traditional tour operators are losing channel power and accommodation providers depend less on them. Nevertheless, both sides highlighted the importance of commitment to maintain long-term healthy relationships. Apart from the theoretical contribution, this study also provides valuable managerial implications. It recommends that accommodation providers should develop a consistent multi-channel strategy and pricing strategy to avoid unnecessary channel conflicts with intermediaries. Traditional tour operators should innovate themselves in order not to be disintermediated, instead of relying on the old business model.
Living rooms: Anne Tallentire’s Material Distance
Authors: Hubbard Phil , Wilkinson Eleanor
Published: June 2023

Cultural geography has a long and fruitful tradition of working at the intersections between geography and performance art: in this piece we build upon this by considering how artistic practice can shed light on the housing crisis via a focus on quotidian practices of housing design. Here, we focus on Anne Tallentire’s exhibition Material Distance, which took place in 2022–23 at the John Hansard Gallery, Southampton, UK. A conceptual artist working with moving image, installation, performance and photography, Tallentire’s work has frequently addressed issues of spatial cognition, homemaking and transience. Material Distance extends this interest by foregrounding issues of housing size, adopting the abstract forms of representation – floorplans, measurements, technical drawings – which professionals use for determining the material and physical requirements of domestic inhabitation. Contrasting abstract and lived experiences of home, and comparing housing constructed on post-war council estates with some of the smaller homes recently converted from industrial or retail premises, Tallentire’s work invites us to develop a critical awareness of dimensionality through an embodied encounter with art that is relational, performative and experiential.
Vibration-based looseness identification of bolted structures via quasi-analytic wavelet packet and optimized large margin distribution machine
Authors: Yang Wenzhan , Zhang Zhousuo , Chen Xu
Published: June 2023

Bolted joints are the most widely utilized connection types in industries, and therein looseness identification of bolted structures is of great significance to guarantee structural reliability. In this article, a comprehensive study of bolt looseness identification under random excitation is presented. To fulfill this task, this research focuses on three prominent difficulties, including nonstationary signal processing, subtle feature extraction, and robust state classification. First, a novel filter bank structure of quasi-analytic dual-tree complex wavelet packet transform is constructed to analyze the measured vibration response signals, for purpose of capturing subtle feature information. Then, multiple features are extracted from subband signals to capture the variations of dynamic characteristics, and sensitive features are selected by Laplacian score to construct the low-dimensional feature set. Subsequently, a novel classifier with better generalization performance, named large margin distribution machine, is optimized with the wavelet kernel function and the whale optimization algorithm, in order to handle the intrinsic uncertainty related to the looseness states of bolted structures. After feeding the low-dimensional feature set, the proposed classifier is trained to identify looseness states of bolted structures. Finally, experiments of a two-bolt lapped beam under random excitation are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, and two typical loading conditions (paired-bolt looseness and single-bolt looseness) are considered. Besides, the superiority of the proposed method is demonstrated by comparing with other analogical methods. This research can provide a promising implement in practical applications of bolt looseness identification under random excitation.
Relining of a Bridging Covered Stent to Treat a Rare Cause of Type IIIc Endoleak Following Fenestrated Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Huistra Emiel W. M. , Tielliu Ignace F. J. , Kater G. Matthijs , Bloemsma Gijs C. , Zeebregts Clark J.
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

To present a rare cause of type III endoleak via the left renal artery (LRA) fenestration following fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair (FEVAR) and to describe a successful reintervention for treating this endoleak.

Technique:

The patient presented with a type IIIc endoleak following FEVAR, due to inadvertent placement of the LRA bridging balloon expandable covered stent (BECS) via the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) fenestration, but deployed outside the SMA fenestration. The proximal part of the BECS was positioned outside of the main body. This caused a type IIIc endoleak via the open LRA fenestration. Reintervention was performed by relining the LRA with a new BECS. First, access to the lumen of the previously placed BECS was gained using a re-entry catheter, followed by placement of a new BECS via the LRA fenestration. Completion angiography, and computerized tomography angiography (CTA) at 3 months follow-up showed total obliteration of the endoleak and patency of the LRA.

Conclusion:

Placement of a bridging stent via an incorrect fenestration during FEVAR is a rare cause of type III endoleak. In certain cases, successful treatment of such an endoleak could be achieved by perforation and relining of the misplaced BECS via the correct fenestration of the target vessel.

Clinical Impact

To our best knowledge, a type IIIc endoleak following fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair, due to placement of a bridging covered stent through an incorrect fenestration and deployed short of the fenestration, has not been described before. Reintervention was performed with perforation of the previously placed covered stent and relining using a new bridging covered stent. The technique presented here was successful for treating the endoleak in this case and could help guide clinicians when dealing with this or similar complications.
Feasibility and Clinical Value of Intraprocedural Doppler Ultrasonography Blood Flow Parameters During Peripheral Endovascular Procedures for Limb Salvage: A Pilot Study
Authors: Spiliopoulos Stavros , Georgiadou Magdalini , Karahaliou Anastasia , Grigoriadis Stavros , Palialexis Konstantinos , Reppas Lazaros , Brountzos Elias
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

To investigate whether Doppler ultrasound (DUS) blood flow parameters could serve as quantifiable functional endpoints of peripheral endovascular arterial procedures for chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), influencing wound healing.

Methods:

This is a prospective single-center study investigating intraprocedural DUS parameters (pulsatility index [PI] and pedal acceleration time [PAT]) in quantifying immediate hemodynamic alterations in consecutive CLTI patients with wound, ischemia, and foot infection wound class ≥1 undergoing endovascular interventions. Primary endpoints were feasibility of preendovascular and postendovascular treatment measurements of PI/PAT, quantification of immediate PI/PAT modifications of the posterior and anterior foot circulation following revascularization, the correlation between PI and PAT, and 6-month complete wound healing. Secondary endpoints included the 6-month limb salvage (no major amputation) and complete and partial wound healing rates.

Results:

A total of 28 patients (75.0% male) were enrolled, and 68 vessels were treated. The overall mean PAT values significantly decreased from 154.15±70.35 ms preprocedural to 107.21±49.6 ms postprocedural (p<0.01), and the mean PI values significantly increased from 0.93±0.99 to 1.92±1.96 (p<0.01). Postprocedural PAT at the anterior tibial (r2=0.804; p=0.346) and the posterior tibial arteries (r2=0.784; p=0.322) had a strong correlation and postprocedural PI at the anterior tibial (r2=0.704; p=0.301) and the posterior tibial arteries (r2=0.707; p=0.369) had a good correlation with 6-month complete wound healing. The 6-month complete and partial wound healing rates were 38.1% and 47.6%, respectively. Limb salvage was 96.4% and 92.4% at 6 and 12 months of follow-up, respectively.

Conclusions:

Pedal acceleration time and PI accurately detected immediate hemodynamic changes of foot perfusion following revascularization and could serve as prognostic factors of wound healing in patients with CLTI.

Clinical Impact

Intraprocedural measurement of simple Doppler ultrasound blood flow parameters, Pulsatility Index (PI) and Pedal Acceleration Time (PAT), accurately detected immediate hemodynamic changes of foot perfusion following endovascular revascularization and could therefore serve as intraprocedural prognostic factors of wound healing in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. This is the first time that PI has been proposed as a hemodynamic index of successful angioplasty outcome. The optimization of intraprocedural PAT and PI could be used to guide angioplasty and predict clinical success.
Grounding and Deepening Academic Writing in Human Resource Development: The Role of Selecting and Representing the Supporting Literature
Authors: Kuchinke K. Peter
Published: June 2023

That all academic writing should be based on a comprehensive review of previous research is well understood. Yet how to accomplish this task given the burgeoning literature in our field and in the many contributing fields of study has received surprisingly little attention in publishing guidelines in HRD and related fields. To encourage the development of HRD scholarship as a distinct and yet interdisciplinary body of knowledge, discernment, justification, and clarity about the selection and representation of the existing literature are needed in three areas. Domain specificity is concerned with the link to the HRD disciplinary base, practice relevance situates the work in a recognized HRD practice domain, and communicative interest clarifies the author’s value stance. The conclusion addresses implications for novice and experienced writers, the training of graduate and professional students, and the editorial policies of the leading HRD journals.
Barriers and Facilitators of Colonoscopy Screening Among Latino Men in a Colorectal Cancer Screening Promotion Program
Authors: Mojica Cynthia M. , Vargas Nancy , Bradley Savannah , Parra-Medina Deborah
Published: June 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death among Latino men in the United States, yet they have low screening rates. This study explored barriers and facilitators of colonoscopy screening among Latino participants in a CRC screening promotion program. Six focus groups were conducted, in Spanish, with 45 Latino men, of which 28 had received and 17 had not received a colonoscopy. Analysis of the discussion transcripts identified barriers to CRC screening, facilitators to CRC screening, and recommendations for health information dissemination. There was consensus among all participants that they had not received adequate information on colonoscopy screening from their health care providers. Unscreened participants wanted more details about the colonoscopy procedure and bowel preparation. Screened men were more knowledgeable than unscreened men about CRC, the colonoscopy procedure, and the benefits of early detection. Participants also expressed their fears, concerns, and perceptions of stigma in relation to colonoscopy screening. They described family and personal testimonials as facilitators to engaging in colorectal cancer screening. Findings underscore the need for ongoing research and educational efforts to address personal and cultural stigma surrounding colonoscopy and CRC, particularly in underserved communities. Study findings also highlight the danger of missing out on opportunities to increase CRC screening when colonoscopy is the primary screening option offered. Additional research is needed to ensure trust in the health care system and to examine the effectiveness of testimonials on CRC screening among Latino men.
Static group-bipartite consensus in networked robot systems with integral action
Authors: Wang Zhaoyan , Li Hengyu , Liu Jun , Zhang Tiehui , Ma Xinru , Xie Shaorong , Luo Jun
Published: June 2023

With the increasing complexity of modern industry, the traditional single-target control of swarm robots can no longer meet application requirements. Hence, this article addresses compound task control for swarm robot systems, where the control aim and the dynamics of the robot are modeled by static group-bipartite consensus and Euler–Lagrange systems, respectively. After introducing the concept of static group-bipartite consensus in networked Euler–Lagrange systems, a distributed group-bipartite consensus control protocol with integral action is designed, and the criterion that ensures that static group-bipartite consensus is reached is presented. The most remarkable feature of the proposed algorithm is that it can accurately calculate the final state of system convergence. Finally, simulation examples are presented to verify the theoretical results.
The use of a holistic focus of attention to improve standing long jump performance among NCAA track and field athletes
Authors: Zhuravleva Tatiana , Aiken Christopher A. , Becker Kevin A. , Lin Pin-Chen , Sampson Jack J.
Published: June 2023

Research on attentional focus has consistently shown that an external focus (EF) is superior to an internal focus (IF) for performance with novice performers or learners. When examining experienced performers, the findings have been ambiguous with various attentional focus types proving to be beneficial. Recent research suggests that coaches utilize a combination of attentional focus strategies when instructing highly skilled throwers in track and field. In addition to the traditional EF and IF, a holistic focus (HF) has been found to enhance performance similar to that of an EF. The purpose of the current study was to investigate attentional focus manipulations (i.e. IF, EF and HF) among NCAA Division I track and field athletes. Sixteen females performed a standing long jump under three attentional focus conditions in an outdoor long jump sand pit with an orange cone placed 5-m from the starting line. Participants performed three jumps under each focus condition in a counterbalanced order, nine jumps in total. Focus adherence was measured after each condition. Athletes also reported their preferred attentional focus at the conclusion of the study. A repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze jump distance and adherence. It was observed that a HF led to significantly longer jump distances than an IF ( p < .01). No other significant differences for condition were observed for distance ( p > .05). These results suggest that a HF enhanced standing long jump performance among highly skilled individuals and can be used to enhance performance.
Drug induced psychosis
Authors: Bhamra Dr Gurpreet
Published: June 2023

Psychosis describes a set of psychological symptoms that reflect a loss of contact with reality; it arises from a variety of causes. Approximately 2% of people will have an episode of psychosis in their lifetime; however, around half of these will not have further episodes. The peak age of onset in men is in late adolescence or early 20s, and for women between late 20s and early 30s. Detailed assessment is needed to establish the cause. This article will focus on psychotic episodes associated with drug use and include presentation, diagnosis and management. Drug induced psychosis is challenging to manage, with a high incidence of relapse, self-harm and suicide.
Housing Accessibility at Home and Rehabilitation Outcomes After a Stroke: An Explorative Study
Authors: Elf Marie , Slaug Björn , Ytterberg Charlotte , Heylighen Ann , Kylén Maya
Published: June 2023

Purpose:

To explore if aspects of the physical home environment are related to rehabilitation outcomes among community-living persons poststroke.

Background:

Research demonstrates that healthcare environments are important for high-quality care and that the design of the physical environment is associated with improved rehabilitation outcomes. However, relevant research focusing on outpatient care settings, such as the home, is sparse.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, data on rehabilitation outcomes, physical environmental barriers, and housing accessibility problems were collected during home visits of participants ( N = 34), 3 months poststroke. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and correlation analysis.

Results:

Few participants had adapted their homes, and the relevance of the physical environment was not always discussed with the patient during discharge from the hospital. Accessibility problems were associated with suboptimal rehabilitation outcomes such as worse perceived health and recovery after stroke. Activities most restricted by barriers in the home concerned hand and arm use. Participants who reported one or more falls at home tended to live in houses with more accessibility problems. Perceived supportive home environments were associated with more accessible dwellings.

Conclusions:

Many face problems adapting their home environments poststroke, and our findings highlight unmet needs that should be considered in the rehabilitation practice. These findings could be used by architectural planners and health practitioners for more effective housing planning and inclusive environments.
Reevaluating the policy success of private members bills
Authors: Cavari Amnon , Rosenthal Maoz , Shpaizman Ilana
Published: June 2023

Members of parliament routinely submit private bills. Yet, a minority of these bills are enacted. Existing research suggests that, because of the low enaction rates of private members' bills, policymaking motivation is not the primary purpose of members of parliament in submitting these bills. We question this assumption and argue that existing research examines the policy effect of Private Member Bills (PMB) too narrowly. Taking a policy process perspective, we propose, first, that a more accurate assessment of the success rate of private members' bills should look only at the bills entering the legislative process. Second, we propose that the policy effect of private members' bills should not be limited to the end result of enactment, but rather to examine their effect on the agenda-setting stage. We demonstrate these propositions using the case of private members' bills in Israel, a country that has one of the highest rates of PMBs and has institutionalized the process of evaluating them. The study provides a better understanding of private members' bills in parliamentary democracies.
The social grounds of self-tracking in insurance: A mixed-method approach to adoption and use
Authors: Presset Bastien , Ohl Fabien
Published: June 2023

Scholars have explored the role of self-tracking in mediating people's values, perceptions, and practices. But little is known about its institutionalised forms, although it is becoming a routine component of health policies and insurance programs. Furthermore, the role of structural elements such as sociodemographic variables, socialisations, and trajectories has been neglected. Using both quantitative ( n  =  818) and qualitative ( n  =  44) data gathered from users and non-users of an insurance program's self-tracking intervention, and drawing from Bourdieu's theoretical framework, we highlight the impact of users’ social background on the adoption and use of the technology. We show that older, poorer, and less educated individual are less likely to adopt the technology, and describe four prototypical categories of users, the meritocrats, the litigants, the scrutinisers and the good-intentioned. Each category displays different reasons and ways to use the technology that are grounded in users’ socialisations and life trajectories. Results suggest that too much emphasis may have been put on self-tracking's transformative powers and not enough on its reproductive inertia, with important consequences for both scholars, designers, and public health stakeholders.
The design of a family of parametric anatomically-based compliant buttock models to evaluate wheelchair cushion performance
Authors: Sprigle Stephen , Deshpande Yogesh , Bartlett Chris
Published: June 2023

The evaluation of wheelchair cushion performance is of interest to a variety of stakeholders, including standards organizations, cushion manufacturers, clinicians, users and payers. The objective of this project was to develop a family of compliant buttock models that are based upon the anatomical parameters of persons with varying body sizes. The models are parametrically designed so can be scaled to evaluate different sized cushions. This paper will detail the designs, describe the anatomical basis for the design and provide the rationale for the design decisions. The manuscript also serves a secondary purpose to illustrate how anthropometric data can be applied to the design of anatomical phantoms that reflect both soft tissue and skeletal anthropometry. Supplemental material includes greater detail and the full CAD files and model fabrication instructions are available in an open access repository for persons who wish to fabricate the models.
Understanding the Characteristics of Community Youth Sports Programs Interventions: A Systematic Review and Recommendations
Authors: Ponciano Núñez Pedro Danilo , Portela-Pino Iago , Martínez-Patiño María José
Published: June 2023

Sport has never been a more appreciated tool than at present, particularly when dealing with development at various levels of society, be it communities, gender issues, or factors affecting youth. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the level of empirical evidence on the impact of sport based interventions on human development. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) approach was utilized to conduct a systematic literature search of selected databases with a search range of 2010 to 2021. Findings indicate an increase in the number of studies on the subject, continent, research design, and journal publication. Content analysis revealed the sample characteristics; objectives and content used in the programs; methodology and intervention strategies; and program limitations. Future research should extend the search to other databases, languages, and subjects related sustainability of community interventions.
Effect of Prior Knee Arthroscopy on Midterm Outcomes After Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy: A Propensity Score–Matched Analysis
Authors: Yang Hong Yeol , Cheon Jae Hyeok , Lee Chang Hyun , Song Eun Kyoo , Seon Jong Keun
Published: June 2023

Background:

Knee arthroscopy is frequently performed to improve joint function and relieve pain. However, there is no consensus regarding the effect of prior arthroscopy on outcomes following medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO).

Purpose:

To compare midterm clinical outcomes and survival rates after MOWHTO between patients with and without a history of knee arthroscopy.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

We enrolled patients who underwent MOWHTO between March 2008 and February 2017 and had ≥4 years of follow-up. Patients who had undergone knee arthroscopy were included in an arthroscopy group, and those who had not were included as controls. After propensity score matching based on age, sex, body mass index, and lesion size, 80 patients in each group were included. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, and Tegner Activity Scale. Furthermore, survival rates and relevant risk factors that affected joint survivorship were analyzed, wherein conversion to total knee arthroplasty was considered the endpoint.

Results:

Although the pre- to postoperative improvement in clinical outcomes did not differ significantly between the groups, there were significant between-group differences in final postoperative scores on the KOOS–Activities of Daily Living (arthroscopy vs control, 78.1 ± 10.6 vs 81.0 ± 9.8; P = .031), KOOS–Sport and Recreation (45.4 ± 12.8 vs 48.7 ± 13.5; P = .045), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Physical Component Summary (65.1 ± 12.7 vs 69.3 ± 11.8; P = .017), and Tegner Activity Scale (4.1 ± 1.1 vs 4.5 ± 1.0; P = .007). The survival rate was 96.8% at a mean follow-up of 8 years, and survival was not associated with a history of arthroscopy ( P = .697; log-rank test).

Conclusion:

Although patients with prior arthroscopy had some inferior patient-reported outcome scores after MOWHTO, the overall clinical improvements were similar in the arthroscopy and control groups.
A Patient's Journey to Pay a Healthcare Bill: It's Way Too Complicated
Authors: Meyer Melanie A.
Published: June 2023

The patient's financial experience is often complex and confusing. Recent regulations support bringing more transparency to healthcare billing processes. A patient journey map illustrates the patient experience in a healthcare process helping to identify improvement opportunities to better support patient-centered care. Price transparency can be increased by communicating the patient's financial responsibility early in the care process as well as simplifying patient communications. Digital health applications can help improve the patient financial experience and ultimately engagement in the payment process. Greater clarity and improved processes may occur if the patient's journey is visualized.
What, where and who is urban studies? On research centres in an unequal world
Authors: van Heur Bas
Published: June 2023

This paper poses the question of what the proliferation of urban research centres across the world means for urban studies as a field of research, what this tells us about the (uneven) geographies of urban knowledge production and circulation, and who are the key institutions and researchers involved. In other words: what, where and who is urban studies? Building on a minor tradition of bibliometric research in urban studies and related disciplines, the paper assesses the Scopus-registered 2011–2021 publication output of the more than 1000 researchers affiliated to 30 urban studies centres across the world. The analysis points to four main observations. First, urban studies output is published in an extraordinarily wide range of journals, representing work from research communities across the social sciences and humanities, engineering, natural sciences and medical sciences. Second, clear global hierarchies exist in knowledge production, but co-authorship relations are also shaped by geographical proximity and the multidisciplinary profile of each individual research centre. Third, English is the dominant language of academic publications, but other languages play important roles for individual centres at the level of co-authorship relations and journals. Fourth, the article provides evidence of a diverse and globally distributed landscape of mid-sized urban studies centres that contribute substantially to the top urban studies journals. Each observation is linked to a reflection on the potential role for research centres in creating a more equal playing field for urban studies.
Commentary on “Toward a Dracula Urbanism”
Authors: Silver Christopher
Published: June 2023

The “Dracula urbanism” conception seeks to identify destructive transformation underway in cities under the guise of the “smart city” movement. According to the Wilson and Wyly assessment of trends in Flint, Michigan and Jakarta, Indonesia (but by implication occurring on a global scale), an exploitative “real estate state” is systematically rooting out all traces of decay (and by implication the poor) not only to purify the environment but also to reap enormous profits. The two cases assessed show, at different urban scales, that large scale developments are underway in concert with key political leaders. At the same, however, there are public plans and community advocacy groups representing alternative visions with the smart city movement, ensuring that parasitic practices do not go unchallenged. The Dracula urbanism metaphor fails to capture this side. Smart city governance in Jakarta (and other Indonesian cities) actually engenders greater governmental capacity to address general citizen needs. In Flint, some new development addresses previously unmet community needs. While useful to underscore the transformative role of real estate developers in shaping a new brand of urbanism, the Dracula urbanism model fails to capture the complexities of the modern city's response to the enduring challenges of serving all its citizens.
European Respiratory Society clinical practice guideline: palliative care for people with COPD or interstitial lung disease
Authors: Janssen Daisy J.A. , Bajwah Sabrina , Boon Michele Hilton , Coleman Courtney , Currow David C. , Devillers Albert , Vandendungen Chantal , Ekström Magnus , Flewett Ron , Greenley Sarah , Guldin Mai-Britt , Jácome Cristina , Johnson Miriam J. , Kurita Geana Paula , Maddocks Matthew , Marques Alda , Pinnock Hilary , Simon Steffen T. , Tonia Thomy , Marsaa Kristoffer
Published: June 2023

There is increased awareness of palliative care needs in people with COPD or interstitial lung disease (ILD). This European Respiratory Society (ERS) task force aimed to provide recommendations for initiation and integration of palliative care into the respiratory care of adult people with COPD or ILD.

The ERS task force consisted of 20 members, including representatives of people with COPD or ILD and informal caregivers. Eight questions were formulated, four in the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome format. These were addressed with full systematic reviews and application of Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation for assessing the evidence. Four additional questions were addressed narratively. An “evidence-to-decision” framework was used to formulate recommendations.

The following definition of palliative care for people with COPD or ILD was agreed. A holistic and multidisciplinary person-centred approach aiming to control symptoms and improve quality of life of people with serious health-related suffering because of COPD or ILD, and to support their informal caregivers. Recommendations were made regarding people with COPD or ILD and their informal caregivers: to consider palliative care when physical, psychological, social or existential needs are identified through holistic needs assessment; to offer palliative care interventions, including support for informal caregivers, in accordance with such needs; to offer advance care planning in accordance with preferences; and to integrate palliative care into routine COPD and ILD care. Recommendations should be reconsidered as new evidence becomes available.
Unveiling the hidden economic toll of biological invasions in the European Union
Authors: Henry Morgane , Leung Brian , Cuthbert Ross N. , Bodey Thomas W. , Ahmed Danish A. , Angulo Elena , Balzani Paride , Briski Elizabeta , Courchamp Franck , Hulme Philip E. , Kouba Antonín , Kourantidou Melina , Liu Chunlong , Macêdo Rafael L. , Oficialdegui Francisco J. , Renault David , Soto Ismael , Tarkan Ali Serhan , Turbelin Anna J. , Bradshaw Corey J. A. , Haubrock Phillip J.
Published: June 2023

Background

Biological invasions threaten the functioning of ecosystems, biodiversity, and human well-being by degrading ecosystem services and eliciting massive economic costs. The European Union has historically been a hub for cultural development and global trade, and thus, has extensive opportunities for the introduction and spread of alien species. While reported costs of biological invasions to some member states have been recently assessed, ongoing knowledge gaps in taxonomic and spatio-temporal data suggest that these costs were considerably underestimated.

Results

We used the latest available cost data in InvaCost (v4.1)—the most comprehensive database on the costs of biological invasions—to assess the magnitude of this underestimation within the European Union via projections of current and future invasion costs. We used macroeconomic scaling and temporal modelling approaches to project available cost information over gaps in taxa, space, and time, thereby producing a more complete estimate for the European Union economy. We identified that only 259 out of 13,331 (~ 1%) known invasive alien species have reported costs in the European Union. Using a conservative subset of highly reliable, observed, country-level cost entries from 49 species (totalling US$4.7 billion; 2017 value), combined with the establishment data of alien species within European Union member states, we projected unreported cost data for all member states.

Conclusions

Our corrected estimate of observed costs was potentially 501% higher (US$28.0 billion) than currently recorded. Using future projections of current estimates, we also identified a substantial increase in costs and costly species (US$148.2 billion) by 2040. We urge that cost reporting be improved to clarify the economic impacts of greatest concern, concomitant with coordinated international action to prevent and mitigate the impacts of invasive alien species in the European Union and globally.
Unemployment rate forecasting: LSTM-GRU hybrid approach
Authors: Yurtsever Mustafa
Published: June 2023

Unemployment rates provide information on the economic development of countries. Unemployment is not only an economic problem but also a social one. As such, unemployment rates are important for governments and policy makers. Therefore, researchers around the world are constantly developing new forecasting models to successfully predict the unemployment rate. This article presents a new model that combines two deep learning methodologies used for time series forecasting to find the future state of the unemployment rate. The model, created by combining LSTM and GRU layers, has been used to forecast unemployment rates in the United States, United Kingdom, France and Italy. Monthly unemployment rate data was used as the dataset between January 1983 and May 2022. The model’s performance was evaluated using RMSE, MAPE, and MAE values and compared to a stand-alone LSTM and GRU model. Results indicate that the hybrid model performed better for the four countries, except for Italy where the GRU model yielded better results.
TEMPROT: protein function annotation using transformers embeddings and homology search
Authors: Oliveira Gabriel B. , Pedrini Helio , Dias Zanoni
Published: June 2023

Background

Although the development of sequencing technologies has provided a large number of protein sequences, the analysis of functions that each one plays is still difficult due to the efforts of laboratorial methods, making necessary the usage of computational methods to decrease this gap. As the main source of information available about proteins is their sequences, approaches that can use this information, such as classification based on the patterns of the amino acids and the inference based on sequence similarity using alignment tools, are able to predict a large collection of proteins. The methods available in the literature that use this type of feature can achieve good results, however, they present restrictions of protein length as input to their models. In this work, we present a new method, called TEMPROT, based on the fine-tuning and extraction of embeddings from an available architecture pre-trained on protein sequences. We also describe TEMPROT+, an ensemble between TEMPROT and BLASTp, a local alignment tool that analyzes sequence similarity, which improves the results of our former approach.

Results

The evaluation of our proposed classifiers with the literature approaches has been conducted on our dataset, which was derived from CAFA3 challenge database. Both TEMPROT and TEMPROT+ achieved competitive results on $$F_{\max }$$

F
max

, $$S_{\min }$$

S
min

, AuPRC and IAuPRC metrics on Biological Process (BP), Cellular Component (CC) and Molecular Function (MF) ontologies compared to state-of-the-art models, with the main results equal to 0.581, 0.692 and 0.662 of $$F_{\max }$$

F
max

on BP, CC and MF, respectively.

Conclusions

The comparison with the literature showed that our model presented competitive results compared the state-of-the-art approaches considering the amino acid sequence pattern recognition and homology analysis. Our model also presented improvements related to the input size that the model can use to train compared to the literature methods.
A multi-tissue gene expression dataset for hibernating brown bears
Authors: Perry Blair W. , Saxton Michael W. , Jansen Heiko T. , Quackenbush Corey R. , Evans Hutzenbiler Brandon D. , Robbins Charles T. , Kelley Joanna L. , Cornejo Omar E.
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Complex physiological adaptations often involve the coordination of molecular responses across multiple tissues. Establishing transcriptomic resources for non-traditional model organisms with phenotypes of interest can provide a foundation for understanding the genomic basis of these phenotypes, and the degree to which these resemble, or contrast, those of traditional model organisms. Here, we present a one-of-a-kind gene expression dataset generated from multiple tissues of two hibernating brown bears (Ursus arctos).

Data description

This dataset is comprised of 26 samples collected from 13 tissues of two hibernating brown bears. These samples were collected opportunistically and are typically not possible to attain, resulting in a highly unique and valuable gene expression dataset. In combination with previously published datasets, this new transcriptomic resource will facilitate detailed investigation of hibernation physiology in bears, and the potential to translate aspects of this biology to treat human disease.