bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Institutional experience of newborn screening for inborn metabolism disorders by tandem MS in the Turkish population
Authors: Demirelce Özlem , Aksungar Fehime Benli , Saral Neslihan Yildirim , Kilercik Meltem , Serteser Mustafa , Unsal Ibrahim
Published: May 2020

Background

The tandem mass spectrometry method in the screening of congenital metabolic disorders is not included in routine national newborn screening programmes in Turkey. To evaluate the distribution of acylcarnitines and amino acid levels in normal newborns, establish acylcarnitine and amino acid cut-off levels and further preliminary results of inherited metabolic disorders inferentially in the Turkish population.

Methods

Newborn screening tests performed by tandem MS from 2016 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The study group included 17,066 newborns born in our hospitals located in various regions of Turkey. Blood samples were obtained from infants older than 24 h of age. Among the 17,066 newborns, the metabolic screening data of 9,994 full-term newborns (>37 weeks) were employed to obtain the percentile distribution of the normal population. The study group (17,066) was screened for 26 types of inborn error of metabolism.

Results

Our established cut-offs, were compared with the cut-offs determined by Region for Stork Study and Centers for Disease Control. Among the 26 screened disorders, a total of 12 cases (8 amino acid metabolism disorders, 1 urea cycle defect, 2 organic acidaemias and 1 fatty acid oxidation disorder) were identified.

Conclusions

Because of the high rate of consanguineous marriages in Turkey, the development of a nationwide screening panel is necessary for early detection and management of potentially treatable inherited metabolic disorders.
Evaluation of α-klotho level in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) children
Authors: Tarhani Fariba , Heidari Ghobad , Nezami Alireza
Published: May 2020

Objectives

Reduced levels of α-Klotho is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases including diabetes. In type I diabetes, decrease in Klotho leads to apoptosis of β-cells of pancreases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of α-Klotho in type I diabetic pediatric patients.

Methods

In this cross-sectional single centered study, 46 patients presenting type I diabetes mellitus (case group) and 78 control group under the age of 12, referred to our clinic were included in our study. Serum levels of soluble Klotho were measured by sandwich ELISA in case and control groups. Statistical analysis was conducted for the data recorded via questionnaire.

Results

Mean age of the patients in the case and control group was 7.65 ± 3.09 and 7 ± 2.37, respectively. Type I diabetes patients had a significant reduction in the levels of serum Klotho, as compared to controls (p<0.001). However, gender and age-based comparison between patient and control group was not significant.

Conclusions

This study reports a significant decrease in the serum levels of α-Klotho in type 1 diabetic patients. Low levels of Klotho can be associated with diabetic nephropathy and other comorbidities in these patients.
“Being patient through the quiet”: Partnering in problem-based learning in a graduate seminar
Authors: Holmes Ashley J
Published: May 2020

This paper draws connections between scholarship on problem-based learning (PBL) and Students as Partners to frame a case study from a graduate seminar in Public Rhetorics for Social Change. Students partnered with each other and the instructor to decide on a public project, approaching the partnership as a pedagogical problem to explore, discuss, and collaboratively define. Drawing on student and teacher reflections about the partnership, the study’s findings highlight important themes about partnering with students: partnering with students may result in uncertainty and discomfort, takes time, values different perspectives, and can make teachers and students vulnerable to each other. Responding to a phrase from one student’s reflection—“being patient through the quiet”—the study argues that patience and quiet are necessary for supporting a successful partnership with students but that caution is needed to prevent dominant narratives from silencing marginalized student perspectives.
The Tragedy of Central European University
Authors: Laczó Ferenc
Published: May 2020

The splendid new campus in downtown Budapest will in all likelihood feel eerily quiet in the coming years—a forcibly abandoned cathedral that was devoted to our precarious belief in an open and argumentative future.
Taxation and Military Conscription in Early Modern Vietnam
Authors: Kelley Liam C.
Published: May 2020

This paper examines an institution called Review and Selection, which facilitated the tasks of tax collection and military conscription in early modern Vietnam. Through a comparative examination of this institution’s history in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in the Lê/Trịnh realm of Đàng Ngoài in the north and the Nguyễn domain of Đàng Trong in the south, this paper challenges ideas in extant English-language scholarship that claim that Đàng Trong was less bureaucratic, less Confucian, and more militarized than that of the Lê north. In the process, it offers some new characterizations of early modern Vietnam.
El Proyecto Maestros Comunitarios (PMC): un proceso formativo desde la extensión universitaria
Authors: Barberousse Alfonso Paulette , Vargas Dengo Marie Claire
Published: May 2020

Este artículo se elabora desde el Proyecto Maestros Comunitarios (PMC), adscrito a la División de Educación Básica (DEB), del Centro de Docencia e Investigación en Educación (CIDE) de la Universidad Nacional (UNA) en Costa Rica. El PMC es un proyecto que se enmarca en el área del quehacer universitario de extensión y uno de los propósitos de las acciones ejecutadas ha consistido en acercar a las y los estudiantes-docentes de las carreras de Pedagogía con Énfasis en I y II Ciclos y de Educación Especial con Énfasis en Proyectos Pedagógicos en Contextos Inclusivos de la realidad socioeducativa nacional, con el fin de propiciar su involucramiento en la puesta en práctica de estrategias pedagógicas tendientes a dar solución a la problemática de deserción escolar de algunas comunidades vulnerabilizadas de la provincia de Heredia.El abordaje metodológico se sustenta en los planteamientos y diseños investigativos de la investigación-acción (I-A). A partir de una etapa indagatoria sobre el contexto y sobre las dinámicas pedagógicas en espacios comunitarios, se deriva una etapa de implementación de acciones, actividades y estrategias de mediación pedagógica para la promoción de espacios lúdicos y de expresión creativa.La valoración de la experiencia vivida por el estudiantado en términos de su aprovechamiento en relación con los procesos de mediación pedagógica implementados aporta a los resultados del proceso formativo desde la extensión universitaria, así como su interacción situada con los niños y las niñas en el contexto escolar. A partir de lo anterior, se genera la reflexión acerca de la acción requerida desde los proyectos de extensión universitaria en contextos vulnerabilizados, específicamente al abrir derroteros en el campo de una emergente pedagogía comunitaria que enfrenta los retos de los modelos educativos contemporáneos que trascienden los ámbitos escolarizados de la Educación General Básica. En este sentido, se decantan conclusiones que apelan a asumir la extensión universitaria en ligamen a los procesos formativos y articularla desde los planes de estudio de las carreras universitarias en lo que se ha dado en llamar la curricularización e integralidad de la extensión, a fin de que se integre en los procesos formativos y curriculares de la enseñanza, del aprendizaje y de la investigación.
La utilización de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) por docentes de Optometría: propuesta de software educativo
Authors: Aburto Garcés Fabrina Anyelit
Published: May 2020

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el uso que les dan los docentes universitarios de la carrera de Optometría Médica a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). El enfoque metodológico fue mixto, para lo cual se diseñaron instrumentos cuantitativos y cualitativos como encuestas, entrevistas a profundidad y observación del aula de clase. Se identificaron las siguientes categorías analíticas: tipo y usos que les dan los docentes a las TIC; beneficios que promueven en el aprendizaje y condiciones que favorecen su uso. Los principales recursos tecnológicos que utilizan los docentes son computadora, Power Point, videos y redes sociales. Las TIC en el aprendizaje mejoran la comprensión del tema y la asimilación de contenidos. Los docentes de la carrera de Optometría Médica no han recibido capacitación en el uso de las TIC. La infraestructura tecnológica con que cuenta la carrera resulta insuficiente para poder aplicar las tecnologías en el aula de clase. De manera que se propone la creación de un software educativo para la carrera de Optometría Médica.
Práctica Académica para el Desarrollo Social en las Escuelas de Formación de la Policía Nacional de Colombia
Authors: García Sánchez Jorman Estid
Published: May 2020

En este artículo se presentan los fundamentos pedagógicos de una propuesta de ajuste al desarrollo de un línea de proyección social, prácticas académicas para el desarrollo social, dentro del Plan de Estudios del Técnico Profesional en Servicio de Policía, para el mejoramiento de la calidad del Modelo Nacional de Vigilancia Comunitaria por Cuadrantes (MNVCC) en la Policía Nacional de Colombia, como resultado de una investigación que propuso cambiar la forma de realizar la proyección social de los estudiantes que aspiran a ser nombrados policías, por lo cual el ajuste se propuso precisamente a la forma de realizar esta actividad en el proceso de formación policial, con fundamento en algunos aspectos pedagógicos encontrados dentro de la doctrina de la labor docente, establecida en la doctrina policial colombiana y en los resultados evidenciados en la investigación.Es precisamente desde el Plan de Estudios del Programa Técnico Profesional en Servicio de Policía (TPSP) donde las actividades de proyección social se deben soportar y desarrollar, en temas de actualidad y acercamiento a la comunidad para el servicio policial. Por ende, se consideró que la asignatura propicia era la de Servicio de Policía, para que los estudiantes en su proceso de formación fortalezcan el acercamiento hacia la razón de ser de la Policía Nacional, que es nuestra ciudadanía colombiana y, como efecto en el campo laboral, se produzca un verdadero realce de la prevención y educación ciudadanas, aplicadas al Modelo Nacional de Vigilancia Comunitaria por Cuadrantes, que impactarían de una forma real desde las aulas al servicio de la policía, fortaleciendo la habilidad para desarrollar su labor de manera segura y profesional.El estudio se compone de tres aspectos importantes, en primer lugar, la relación entre las actividades de proyección social de la Dirección Nacional de Escuelas y las tareas de prevención y educación ciudadanas que se desarrollan en el marco del Modelo Nacional de Vigilancia Comunitaria por Cuadrantes; en segundo lugar, están las prácticas académicas para el desarrollo social dentro del plan curricular del Programa Técnico Profesional en Servicio de Policía; y como tercer aspecto se presenta la propuesta de fortalecimiento.
Characteristics of Glucose Oxidase Gene (GGOx) from Aspergillus niger IPBCC 08.610
Authors: Kurniatin Popi Asri , Ambarsari Laksmi , Khanza Annisa Dhiya Athiyyah , Setyawati Inda , Seno Djarot Sasongko Hami , Nurcholis Waras
Published: May 2020

Glucose oxidase is used in various industries for the development of enzymatic fuel cell. Based on prior studies, this compound is sourced from the local isolates of Aspergillus niger IPBCC 08.610, although investigations on the encoding gene have not been conducted. The purpose of this research, therefore, is to identify and characterized the gene responsible for encoding glucose oxidase, in the aspect of sequence, length, and restriction patterns. This experiment involved the amplification of genomic DNA using specific primers for gene recognition, which was followed by the restriction technique with EcoRI and PstI endonucleases. Furthermore, the gene is inserted into vector pGEM®T-Easy and transformed into competent E. coli DH5α cells, in an attempt to perform sequencing. The glucose oxidase gene from A. niger IPBCC 08.610 was confirmed to possess a size of 1848 bp, and a GC content of 57.8%, with a possibility of restriction into two fragments of size 908 bp and 980 bp, using the EcoRI restriction.
Colorectal cancer in patients under age 50: a five-year experience
Authors: SILVA FERNANDO MARINHO MARQUES DA , DUARTE ROBERTA PAIVA , LEÃO CÁSSIO CÉSAR ARRAIS , VISSOCI CAROLINA MARTINS , ALVARENGA AMANDA LUÍZA AGUIAR TAQUARY , RAMOS ANNA BEATRIZ SALLES , GOULART AMANDA EVELYN CRUVINEL
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Objective : to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer under the age of 50 treated at a public hospital in Brasilia over 5 years. Methods: we conducted a longitudinal, retrospective study, with 184 patients undergoing surgical procedures at the Asa Norte Regional Hospital (HRAN), including those who underwent only biopsy, between January 2013 and January 2018. We divided the patients into two groups: under the age of 50 (n=39) and age equal to or greater than 50 years (n=145). We compared the groups as to age, sex, symptoms, time between symptom onset and diagnosis, family and personal history, tumor location, histopathological characteristics, applied surgical management, staging and mortality. Results: the group of patients under the age of 50 had more individuals with stage III and IV (p=0.041), more frequent poorly differentiated tumors (10.25% versus 3.52%; p=0.153), and higher incidences of compromised surgical margins (p=0.368), angiolymphatic (p=0.07) and perineural (p=0.007) invasion, which denotes more advanced disease in this group of patients. Conclusions: the study showed the low effectiveness of population screening methods for colorectal cancer currently used in this population, given the high incidence of the disease and late diagnosis in both groups.
Major oncological surgery reduces muscular function in patients with or without nutritional risk
Authors: SIERRA JESSIKA CADAVID , DOCK-NASCIMENTO DIANA BORGES , BEHNE THAYSE EMANUELLI GODOY , THÉ MARIANA BORGES SILVA , RODRIGUES HADASSA HILLARY NOVAES PEREIRA , ANDREO FRANCILENE OLIVEIRA , PALAURO MARISTELA LUFT , DE-AGUILAR-NASCIMENTO JOSÉ EDUARDO
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives : to investigate the impact of oncological surgical procedures on the muscle function of patients with and without nutritional risk. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted with cancer patients undergoing major operations between July 2018 to March 2019 in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Patients were assessed preoperatively for the nutritional risk by the Nutricional Risk Screening-2002, and handgrip strength (FPP) was assessed both on the pre- and 2nd and 5th postoperative days (PO). Results: 92 patients were evaluated, of whom 55.4% were men and 44.6% women, with a mean age (SD) of 64 (10.81) for patients at risk and 51 (12.99) for patients without nutritional risk. The preoperative nutritional risk evaluation indicated that 34.8% of the patients had no risk and 65.2% had a nutritional risk. The FPP was lower (p = 0.008) in the group with nutritional risk in the preoperative period. In both groups, there was a significant drop in FPP on the 2nd PO day. The preoperative FPP compared with the 2nd PO FPP was more pronounced in patients without nutritional risk (p = 0.039). Patients with nutritional risk had a longer hospital stay (p = 0.049). Conclusion: surgical trauma causes loss of muscle function in the early PO. Patients without nutritional risk have a more significant decrease in muscle strength after surgical oncological procedures than those with nutritional risk. These results may infer the need to implement pre-habilitation in all patients who will undergo major oncological procedures.
Narrativas de sofrimento e trabalho profissional do Serviço Social da Previdência Social em tempos de indústria 4.0
Authors: Souza Edvânia Ângela de , Anunciação Luís
Published: May 2020

Resumo: Atuais mudanças econômicas, sociais e políticas geram impactos nos ambientes e nas condições psicossociais de trabalho. Neste texto, discute-se o trabalho de Assistentes Sociais (AS) atuantes na Previdência Social (PS), a partir da combinação de resultados obtidos por meio de projeto de pesquisa em andamento, cuja metodologia faz uso de escalas padronizadas, grupos focais e entrevistas realizadas entre 2014 e 2019. Apesar de não haver resultados negativos obtidos pelos instrumentos padronizados, as outras técnicas puderam revelar que o trabalho gera um tipo de sofrimento mudo, invisível e marcado pela angústia e frustração.
Serviço Social e escuta especializada: proteção integral ou produção antecipada de provas?
Authors: Galvão Ana Carolina , Morais Janaína Barbosa de , Santos Nilmar
Published: May 2020

Resumo: Problematizar a escuta especializada, aos moldes da Lei nº 13.341/2017, de crianças e adolescentes vítimas ou testemunhas de violência, perpassa pela garantia da “proteção integral” frente a reflexão do movimento histórico. O presente estudo pretende discutir as implicações de tais requisições nos espaços sócio-ocupacionais do assistente social atuante na Rede de Proteção de Crianças e Adolescentes, a partir de análise bibliográfica e do arcabouço legal acerca da metodologia.
Violência doméstica contra a mulher - com a fala, eles, os homens autores da violência
Authors: Einhardt Amália , Sampaio Simone Sobral
Published: May 2020

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a alegação apresentada por homens autores de violência doméstica, contra as suas companheiras (ou ex-companheiras), pelo cometimento de seus atos. Os fatores relatados por esses homens demonstram o seu não reconhecimento enquanto sujeitos autores de violência contra a mulher. Desse modo, os motivos alegados podem ser importante matéria para a construção de políticas públicas de enfrentamento e prevenção, bem como estratégias interventivas junto a esses sujeitos.
Eating Disorders and Female Sexuality: Current Evidence-base and Future Implications
Authors: Leonidas Carolina , Santos Manoel Antônio dos
Published: May 2020

Abstract This study aimed to examine current scientific production regarding sexuality-related issues in the context of eating disorders (ED). Searches were performed on PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL and PsycINFO, including papers published between 2008 and 2018, using the following descriptors: eating disorders, femininity, sexuality and sexual behavior. Nineteen studies were selected. Findings were systematized into two main thematic categories and showed, in general, that femininity can be a risk factor to the development of ED. Studies indicated that endorsing a gender role that is socially considered discrepant from biological sex, despite feminine or masculine, is related to ED symptomatology. Moreover, body dissatisfaction is positively correlated to sexual dysfunction. Interventions targeting prevention of ED should include sexuality-related issues by approaching probable negative consequences of adhering to female gender role social requirements and stereotypes, especially those related to body weight and body shape.
Resiliência: Uma Análise a Partir das Características Sociodemográficas da População Brasileira
Authors: Melo Cynthia de Freitas , Vasconcelos Filho José Eurico de , Teófilo Marina Braga , Suliano Amanda Martins , Cisne Érika Carolinne , Freitas Filho Ronaldo Almeida de
Published: May 2020

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar o efeito de dados sociodemográficos sobre o nível de resiliência de uma parcela da população brasileira. Para tanto, contou-se com uma amostra nacional não probabilística composta por 2.038 participantes, que responderam à Escala de Resiliência desenvolvida por Wagnild e Young. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e bivarida com auxílio do software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science). Entre os resultados, verificou-se uma média geral baixa nos índices de resiliência (M = 124,60; DP = 22,69). Constatou-se também indicativos de que pessoas com determinadas características sociodemográficas têm maior tendência à resiliência: pessoas com religião, com maior nível de escolaridade, divorciados/casados, aposentados, sem piercing, não fumante, sem histórico de desistência ou repetição em anos escolares. Conclui-se que tais características podem estar relacionadas à capacidade da pessoa ser resiliente, mas não ser determinante, no nível de resiliência. Essas informações são primordiais para compreender os fatores que predispõem à resiliência da população.
Evidence of validity for Socially Skillful Responses Questionnaires - SSRQ-Teachers and SSRQ-Parents
Authors: Bolsoni-Silva Alessandra Turini , Loureiro Sonia Regina
Published: May 2020

Abstract There is a lack of free-of-charge validated instruments whereby parents and teachers may be respondents to assess child social skills. Social skills are known to prevent behavioral problems among preschool and school-aged children. This study fills in this gap, the objective of which is to assess the internal consistency and construct and discriminant validity of the Questionários de Respostas Socialmente Habilidosas [Socially Skillful Responses Questionnaire] - teachers’ version - SSRQ-Teachers and parents’ version - SSRQ-Parents. A total of 134 primary school and preschool teachers and 183 mothers/fathers/caregivers of 88 school-aged children and 95 preschoolers of both sexes participated in the study. In addition to the SSRQ teachers’ and parents’ versions, the participants completed an additional instrument: the teachers completed the Teacher Report Form - TRF and the parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The results obtained in the exploratory factor analysis and ROC curve analysis, along with alpha values, indicate good psychometric properties. Thus, the SSRQ-Teachers and SSRQ-Parents presented in this paper are appropriate for assessing both preschool and school-aged children.
Molecular epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from lower respiratory tract of ICU patients
Authors: Yang X. , Lai Y. , Li C. , Yang J. , Jia M. , Sheng J.
Published: May 2020

Abstract Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most common infection among hospitalized patients, associated with increased levels of morbidity, mortality and attributable health care costs. Increased resistant Pseudomonas worldwide has been quite meaningful to patients, especially in intensive care unit (ICUs). Different species of Pseudomonas exhibit different genetic profile and varied drug resistance. The present study determines the molecular epidemiology through DNA fingerprinting method and drug resistance of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients with LTRIs admitted in ICU. A total of 79 P. aeruginosa isolated from patients with LRTIs admitted in ICU were characterized by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Repetitive Extrapalindromic PCR (REP-PCR). Antibiotic resistance was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay while MDR genes, viz, blaTEM, blaOXA, blaVIM, blaCTX-M-15 were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of the 137 Pseudomonas sp isolated from ICU patients, 57.7% of the isolates were reported to be P. aeruginosa. The overall prevalence of P. aeruginosa among the all included patients was 34.5%. The RAPD analysis yielded 45 different patterns with 72 clusters with 57% to 100% similarity level. The RFLP analysis yielded 8 different patterns with 14 clusters with 76% to 100% similarity level. The REP PCR analysis yielded 37 different patterns with 65 clusters with 56% to 100% similarity level. There was no correlation among the different DNA patterns observed between the three different methods. Predominant of the isolates (46.8%) were resistant to amikacin. Of the 79 isolates, 60.8% were positive for blaTEM gene and 39.2% were positive for blaOXA gene. P. aeruginosa was predominantly isolated from patients with LRTIs admitted in ICU. The difference in the similarity level observed between the three DNA fingerprinting methods indicates that there is high inter-strain variability. The high genetic variability and resistance patterns indicates that we should continuously monitor the trend in the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa especially in patients with LRTIs admitted in ICU.
Community ecology of the metazoan parasites of the Atlantic thread herring, Opisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818) (Actinopterygii: Clupeidae) from the Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Chaves L. , Paschoal F.
Published: May 2020

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the parasitic fauna of Opisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818) from Southeastern Brazil. Between September 2017 and March 2018, a total of 100 specimens of O. oglinum from the Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22°54'S, 43°34'W) were examined. Ninety one specimens of O. oglinum were parasitized by at least one species of metazoan with a mean of 5.84 ± 7.98 parasites/fish. Seven species were collected: 2 digeneans, 2 monogeneans, 2 copepods and 1 nematode. The digenean Parahemiurus merus (Linton) was the most abundant and dominant species, representing 43% of metazoan parasites collected. The parasite species richness was positively correlated with the total length of the hosts. Only Neobomolochus elongatus Cressey showed a positive correlation between host's total length and parasite prevalence. The mean parasite species diversity was not correlated with host's total length, but significant differences among the mean parasite diversity between males and females was observed. Opisthonema oglinum represents a new host record for Caligus mutabilis Wilson, Hysterothylacium sp. and Cribomazocraes travassosi Santos and Kohn. The copepod N. elongatus is recorded for the first time on the Brazilian coast.
Terapia gênica de isquemia de membro é uma realidade?
Authors: Han Sang Won , Vergani Junior Carlos Alberto , Reis Paulo Eduardo Ocke
Published: May 2020

Resumo O conceito de terapia angiogênica surgiu no início da década de 90, o que pode ser feito com genes que codificam fatores de crescimento para promover a formação de novos vasos e o remodelamento de vasos colaterais. Como o procedimento dessa terapia geralmente consiste em apenas injeções locais de vetores, esse processo é pouco invasivo, rápido e de simples realização. Entretanto, desde as primeiras evidências clínicas do efeito de terapia gênica com o fator de crescimento de endotélio vascular (vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF) vistos nos pacientes com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica até hoje, apenas dois fármacos de terapia angiogênica foram aprovados, um na Rússia e outro no Japão, o que parece um número muito pequeno diante do grande número de investimentos feitos por meio de estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos. Afinal, podemos considerar que a terapia angiogênica já é uma realidade?
Detection of the mcr-1 gene in Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and Shigatoxigenic E. coli (STEC) strains isolated from broilers
Authors: Lopes Hugo P. , Costa Gisllany A. , Pinto Ana C.L.Q. , Machado Leandro S. , Cunha Nathalie C. , Nascimento Elmiro R. , Pereira Virginia L.A. , Abreu Dayse L.C.
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT: Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and Shigatoxigenic E. coli (STEC) strains are among the major pathotypes found in poultry and their products, which are capable of causing human enteric infections. Colistin has been claimed the drug of choice against diseases caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDRGN) in humans. The mcr-1 gene was the first plasmidial gene that has been described to be responsible for colistin resistance and has also been detected in birds and poultry products. Our study aimed to detect the mcr-1 gene in enteropathogenic strains of E. coli in order to evaluate the resistance to colistin in broilers. The material was obtained from 240 cloacal samples and 60 broiler carcasses. The strains were isolated by the conventional bacteriological method and by the virulence genes, which characterize the enteropathogenic strains and resistance, and the samples were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of the 213 isolated strains of E. coli, 57 (26.76%) were characterized as atypical EPEC and 35 (16.43%) as STEC. The mcr-1 gene was found in 3.5% (2/57) of the EPEC strains and 5.7% (2/35) of the STEC strains. In this study, it was possible to confirm that the mcr-1 resistance gene is already circulating in the broiler flocks studied and may be associated with the pathogenic strains.
Clinical management of dogs with presumptive diagnosis of cervical intervertebral disc disease: 78 cases (2006-2017)
Authors: Baumhardt Raquel , Ripplinger Angel , Aiello Graciane , Schwab Marcelo L. , Ferrarin Denis A. , Wrzesinski Mathias R. , Moro Samanta S. , Mazzanti Alexandre
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to identify dogs with a presumptive diagnosis of cervical intervertebral disc disease (IVDD; C1-C5 or C6-T2) submitted to clinical management and evaluate the outcome. This study also aimed to demonstrate the age, sex, and treatment response according to the neurological degree, and verify whether those factors could potentially influence the outcome. The data were obtained from patients with a neurological dysfunction, admitted at the Veterinary Hospital from January 2006 to March 2017. In addition to patient records, the tutors answered a questionnaire related to the success of therapy. A hundred and seventy-seven neurological records were evaluated, and 78 were included in the study according to the inclusion criteria. The most frequent breeds were Dachshunds, followed by mixed-breed dogs. Regarding the neurological dysfunction degree, 58.97% presented grade I (only neck pain), 25.64% were grade II (ambulatory tetraparesis), and 15.38% grade III (nonambulatory tetraparesis). Absolute and partial space rest were performed in 75.64% and 24.36% of the cases, respectively. The minimum rest time was one week and could come up to four weeks. Most dogs were small-sized (≤15kg). The recovery was satisfactory in 87.17% of dogs and unsatisfactory in 12.83%. Regarding recurrence, we observed that 10.3% of dogs presented satisfactory recovery. The clinical treatment for dogs with cervical IVDD can be indicated with adequate clinical response to dysfunction degrees ranging from I to III, either at rest or in restricted space and with a low rate of relapse.
Adiposity and weight gain in Mangalarga Marchador horses subjected to hypercaloric diet
Authors: Ribeiro Rodrigo M. , Ribeiro Debora S.F. , Paz Cahue F.R. , Gobesso Alexandre A.O. , Faleiros Rafael R.
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT: In recent years, several researchers have been studying obesity in national horse breeds; however, no studies demonstrating the dynamic of body and regional fat accumulation (adiposity) Mangalarga Marchador horses subjected to hypercaloric diets have been found. This study aimed to characterize the deposition of body and regional fat in horses with diet-induced weight gain. A total of nine Mangalarga Marchador adult horses with initial body condition score (BCS) of 2.9 ±1/9 (mean ±SD) were subjected to a hypercaloric, grain-rich diet for five months. Body weight and the following morphometric regional adiposity variables were analyzed: BCS, cresty neck scores (CNS), neck circumferences (NC) at 25, 50 and 75% of its length, and accumulation of subcutaneous adipose tissue at the base of the tail using ultrasonography (BTU). These data were collected at baseline and fortnightly after beginning the diet-induced weight gain until the end of the experiment. The effect of time on the variables was verified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) in randomized blocks or the Friedman’s test, and the means were compared by the Tukey’s test (p≤0.05). Exposure to hypercaloric diet promoted a mean weight gain of 27.45% (p<0.001). Significant values were observed for NC at 25 and 75% during the first 45 days of the experiment, and for NC at 50% during the first 30 days. BTU presented significant changes after 60 days, with an increase of 268% compared with the baseline value. These findings demonstrate the weight gain and the dynamic and magnitude of regional adiposity in Mangalarga Marchador horses subjected to hypercaloric diet.
Peritoneal fluid collection in healthy cattle and evaluation of changes in cell morphology during storage in refrigerated and non-refrigerated samples
Authors: Sales Nathali A.A. , Flaiban Karina K.M.C. , Fonteque Joandes H. , Lisbôa Júlio A.N.
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the appropriate sites of abdominocentesis for peritoneal fluid collection in cattle and to investigate the time of cell viability in vitro, comparing three methods of sample conservation. Twenty-one healthy cattle (19 females and 2 males) were subjected to a laparocentesis procedure to obtain peritoneal fluid, with punctures in three defined sites: left cranial, right cranial, and right caudal. The total peritoneal fluid collected was divided into three aliquots and maintained under three preservation conditions: room temperature (26°C), refrigeration (4°C), and room temperature (26°C) with the addition of 1μL of 10% formaldehyde per 1mL of peritoneal fluid. The peritoneal fluid analysis performed immediately after collection consisted of: physical examination (color, appearance, volume, and specific gravity), biochemical measures (pH, total protein, fibrinogen, creatinine, and glucose), and cellularity (total and differential counts). The determination of proteins and the examination of cells were repeated in each separate aliquot at two, four, six, and eight hours after harvest. Data were analyzed through repeated measures ANOVA or Friedman test. The harvest was productive in 67% of cattle. The left cranial and the right cranial puncture sites were the most appropriate. Peritoneal fluid analyzed after collection, the total protein concentration ranged from 1.4 to 3.6g/dL, and number of leukocytes ranged from 54 to 1,322 cells/μL; 60 to 95% of leukocytes were lymphocytes. The protein concentration decreased, but the absolute values of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and segmented neutrophils did not change up to eight hours after collection, independent of the maintenance method. Cell lysis was delayed by cooling, and the addition of formaldehyde did not help preserve the integrity of cellular morphology. Laparocentesis is a safe and secure procedure in cattle and maybe more productive when performed in specific sites on the left or right sides of the cranial abdominal wall. Peritoneal fluid samples may be analyzed with reliable results for up to eight hours after collection when kept refrigerated and for up to six hours when kept at room temperature.
Investigation of Mycoplasma spp. in birds of the Rio de Janeiro Zoo by isolation and PCR
Authors: Magalhães Bárbara S.N. , Pereira Virginia Léo A. , Dias Thomas S. , Machado Leandro S. , Silva Mariane M. , Nascimento Elmiro R. , Mendes-de-Almeida Flavya , Almosny Nádia Regina P.
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT: Brazil is one of the countries with the most abundant avifauna in the world. The confinement of birds associated with close contact with other animals and humans favor the spread of agents of respiratory diseases. Among them, mycoplasmas can cause asymptomatic or apparent disease that manifests in birds by coughing, sneezing, rales, conjunctivitis, ocular and nasal discharge. Several described mycoplasmas cause disease in birds, especially Mycoplasma gallisepticum(MG) andMycoplasma synoviae(MS). The diagnosis ofMycoplasmaspp. can be done by clinical observation and laboratory analysis. Molecular diagnosis by PCR was boosted by its speed, sensitivity, and low cost of agent isolation techniques that take up to 21 days to complete. This study aimed to verify the occurrence ofMycoplasmaspp. in birds of the Rio de Janeiro Zoo (Rio Zoo), by isolation and PCR. Of the total 635 birds from the Rio Zoo, 81 were studied for detection ofMycoplasmaspp., when taken for routine health assessment exams. These birds belonged to the following orders: Psittaciformes (45), Accipitriformes (18), Galliformes (7), Piciformes (5), Strigiformes (4), Falconiformes (1) and Cariamiformes (1), all individuals already identified by microchip or leg-ring. There was no isolation of mycoplasmas in any of the samples tested, whereas, in the PCR, 62.96% (51/81) were positive, with 1.96% (1/51) identified as MG and 19.61% (10/51) as MS, representing 1.23% (1/81) and 12.34% (10/81) of the total population studied. PCR was shown to be a more effective technique than isolation in the detection ofMycoplasmaspp. in birds. It was possible to detect mycoplasmas in birds from Riozoo with no clinical respiratory signs, with higher MS prevalence than MG. The positivities forMycoplasmaspp., MS, and MG were different among the orders studied, being the highest occurrence in birds of prey, followed by Galliformes and Piciformes. The presence of MG and MS in birds of Rio de Janeiro Zoo confirms the circulation of these agents and the need for further studies on the dissemination of mycoplasmas in zoos for the epidemiological analysis of these bacteria in these places.
Osteopontin expression and its relationship with prognostic biomarkers in canine mammary carcinomas
Authors: Monteiro Lidianne N. , Salgado Breno S. , Oliveira Deilson E. , Rivera-Calderon Luis G. , Montoya-Flórez Luis M. , Sanctis Paula , Rocha Noeme S.
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT: Osteopontin is a glycophosphoprotein implicated in different physiologic and pathologic processes and is known to be involved in progression and metastasis of various cancers in humans, but this relation is still little explored in the veterinary. The aim was to evaluate the expression of osteopontin in canine mammary carcinomas and its relation with well-established canine mammary tumor biomarkers. For that, expression of OPN, EGFR, HER2, and c-Kit were evaluated along with Ki67 rate in 43 mammary carcinomas. Osteopontin was demonstrated to be expressed by neoplastic epithelial cells in all carcinomas as well as in stromal cells from the tumor microenvironment. Relation between high osteopontin expression and EGFR positivity (P<0.001) and HER2 overexpression (P=0.012) was demonstrated. In conclusion, high OPN expression seems to be related to poor prognosis and MAPK pathway activation, given the association with EGFR and HER2, members of the MAPK signaling pathway.
Extensive orthodontically induced dental resorption: What to do?
Authors: Consolaro Alberto
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT If essential care is thorough, teeth with extensive orthodontically induced dental resorption can have the same endurance as normal teeth. These teeth are subjected to the same disturbances as normal ones, such as dental trauma, dental caries and periodontal disease, all of which are independent of severe dental resorption. Orthodontic retreatments of teeth presenting with extensive orthodontically induced dental resorption must take into consideration that these roots are shorter in length, therefore, they are more prone to root resorption. Conventional movements are not viable in severe resorption, but Orthodontics offer some alternatives, such as; 1) movement of multiple teeth, providing better distribution of force; 2) use of lesser forces along with bodily movements, as opposed to rotation; 3) anchorage using miniplates, which provide more diffuse and equally distributed force and movements upon teeth and bone. Extensive orthodontically induced dental resorption are not an indication for endodontic treatment. These teeth also should not be replaced by osseointegrated dental implants, but they must receive special care, as they must remain in the dental arch indefinitely.
Comparison of antibacterial effects of orthodontic composites containing different nanoparticles on Streptococcus mutans at different times
Authors: Yassaei Soghra , Nasr Ali , Zandi Hengameh , Motallaei Mohammad Nima
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: Plaque accumulation can cause white spot lesions. Adding nanoparticles to composites can be effective in reducing the number and function of microorganisms. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of orthodontic composites containing different nanoparticles on Streptococcus mutans at different times. Methods: Hydroxyapatite, titanium oxides, zinc oxide, copper oxide and silver oxide nanoparticles were prepared at 0.5% and 1% weight concentrations. Accordingly, ten study groups and one control group were obtained. Then, 26 composite discs were prepared from each group. Strain of Streptococcus mutans was cultured, and colonies of Streptococcus mutans were counted. Further bacterial culture was swapped onto enriched Mueller-Hinton agar. The composites were placed on the culture medium, and after incubation the diameter of growth inhibition was measured. To investigate the long-term effect of nanoparticles, the colonies were counted at days 3, 15 and 30. Results: The results showed that 1% copper oxide and 1% silver oxide significantly reduced the number of bacteria (p< 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the other groups and control group (p> 0.05). At day three, there was a significant difference between control group and 0.5% silver oxide, 1% silver oxide and 1% copper oxide groups (p< 0.05). However, colonies had grown in all groups at day 30 but showed no significant difference with control group (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Addition of 1% copper oxide and 1% silver oxide has short-term antibacterial effects, so the clinical use of these nanoparticles cannot be justified.
Governança e educação permanente em saúde: avaliação de mecanismos, contextos e resultados no Projeto Apoiadores
Authors: Silva Poliana Avila , Labegalini Célia Maria Gomes , Oliveira Magda Lúcia Félix de , Aquiles Grace Jacqueline , Baldissera Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi
Published: May 2020

O estudo objetivou avaliar os mecanismos, contextos e resultados do apoio institucional do estado do Paraná relacionados com a governança em saúde. Trata-se de pesquisa avaliativa, qualitativa, ancorada na avaliação realista. Foram realizados 15 grupos focais com 83 gestores municipais de saúde e seis apoiadores regionais. Os dados foram organizados em matriz avaliativa e analisados segundo os preceitos da governança em saúde e Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS). Procurou-se suscitar governança a partir das diretrizes de trabalho do referido projeto. Contextos habilitantes e restritivos foram evidenciados, bem como seus resultados. A EPS e o apoio institucional aos Conselhos Regionais dos Secretários Municipais de Saúde foram importantes diretrizes que desencadearam a governança colaborativa em distintos espaços da gestão em saúde.
Sociologie clinique et santé mentale
Authors: Gaulejac Vincent de , Laroche Diane
Published: May 2020

Résumé Le projet “Rétablissement et projet de vie” a un double objectif: i. proposer aux intervenants et aux résidents de la Maison Saint-Dominique (MSD - Montréal/Canada), un travail approfondi sur leur “roman familial et trajectoire sociale”, dans l’orientation de la sociologie clinique; ii. développer une recherche-action pour évaluer cette expérimentation en tant qu’approche alternative en santé mentale, la diffuser et la confronter à d’autres pratiques dans le domaine de la santé mentale. Le texte qui suit présente, dans un premier temps, la démarche, ses soubassements théoriques et méthodologiques. Dans un deuxième temps, il rend compte de la façon dont les participants l’ont mis en œuvre et les effets perceptibles à partir de leurs témoignages. La démarche illustre l’intérêt de développer une clinique de la complexité dans le domaine de la santé mentale.
Suicídio e violência estrutural. Revisão sistemática de uma correlação marcada pelo colonialismo
Authors: Weber Izabel , Gianolla Cristiano , Sotero Luciana
Published: May 2020

Resumo O suicídio é a última das causas externas de morte (CE) (que incluem homicídios e acidentes) a apresentar concentração de casos (80%) em países de baixa e média renda. Há literatura consolidada identificando a violência estrutural como determinante para as CE, mas pouca quanto ao suicídio. O objetivo deste artigo é definir novo marco teórico para o estudo do suicídio como fenômeno social, onde a interação social reflete as marcas do colonialismo. Foram analisados os dados sobre mortalidade do Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), Seattle, Washington, e realizada revisão sistemática da literatura sobre suicídio, violência estrutural, colonialismo, democracia e desenvolvimento, entre 1968 a 2018, seguindo a metodologia Prisma. Centrada na teoria crítica, adotou-se a determinação social como categoria básica para a identificação dos reflexos do colonialismo nos determinantes que caracterizam o perfil epidemiológico do suicídio, tornando possível seu enquadramento como uma “patologia do poder”. Dos dados estatísticos e da revisão sistemática, foram identificados os grupos de risco para o suicídio - os mais afetados pela assimetria de poder, oriunda do colonialismo - mesmo em países de alta renda.
Doença de Kawasaki e Covid-19 em Crianças: Uma Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Gonçalves Laura Faustino , Gonzáles Ana Inês , Paiva Karina Mary , Patatt Fernanda Fernanda Soares Aurélio , Haas Patricia
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: Apresentar evidências científicas com base em revisão sistemática da literatura (PRISMA) avaliando a associação da Doença de Kawasaki e COVID-19 em crianças. Estratégias de Pesquisa: Para a seleção dos estudos foi utilizada a combinação baseada no Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH). Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Medline (Pubmed), LILACS, SciELO, COCHRANE e BIREME.O período de busca dos artigos compreendeu últimos 10 anos (2010 a 2020). Critérios de Seleção: Os desenhos dos estudos selecionados foram descritivo, transversal, de coorte e estudo de caso, que possuíam o título, resumo ou corpo do artigo relação com o objetivo da pesquisa. Foi realizada avaliação da qualidade dos artigos, na qual se incluía artigos com nota mínima 6 na escala modificada da literatura. Análise de dados: Após a leitura dos artigos na íntegra, foram extraídos dados de identificação e métodos dos artigos para posterior análise, bem como outras informações relevantes. Resultados: Foram recuperados 840 artigos com potencial de inclusão, sendo que apenas um deles respondeu aos critérios de inclusão e a pergunta norteadora que consistiu em avaliar a associação da Doença de Kawasaki e COVID-19 em crianças. Conclusão: Um aumento significativo na incidência de doenças do tipo Kawasaki após o início da epidemia já foi relatado, sugerindo a associação entre a epidemia de COVID-19 e a elevada incidência de uma forma grave da DK. Contudo, mais estudos são necessários para investigar a correlação entre essas duas doenças.