bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eye gaze differences in school scenes between preschool children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and those with typical development
Authors: Ishizaki Yuko , Higuchi Takahiro , Yanagimoto Yoshitoki , Kobayashi Hodaka , Noritake Atsushi , Nakamura Kae , Kaneko Kazunari
Published: January 2021

Background

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may experience difficulty adapting to daily life in a preschool or school settings and are likely to develop psychosomatic symptoms. For a better understanding of the difficulties experienced daily by preschool children and adolescents with ASD, this study investigated differences in eye gaze behavior in the classroom environment between children with ASD and those with typical development (TD).

Methods

The study evaluated 30 children with ASD and 49 children with TD. Participants were presented with images of a human face and a classroom scene. While they gazed at specific regions of visual stimuli, eye tracking with an iView X system was used to evaluate and compare the duration of gaze time between the two groups.

Results

Compared with preschool children with TD, preschool children with ASD spent less time gazing at the eyes of the human face and the object at which the teacher pointed in the classroom image. Preschool children with TD who had no classroom experience tended to look at the object the teacher pointed at in the classroom image.

Conclusion

Children with ASD did not look at the human eyes in the facial image or the object pointed at in the classroom image, which may indicate their inability to analyze situations, understand instruction in a classroom, or act appropriately in a group. This suggests that this gaze behavior of children with ASD causes social maladaptation and psychosomatic symptoms. A therapeutic approach that focuses on joint attention is desirable for improving the ability of children with ASD to adapt to their social environment.
Thermal limits for flight activity of field-collected Culicoides in the United Kingdom defined under laboratory conditions
Authors: Tugwell Laura A. , England Marion E. , Gubbins Simon , Sanders Christopher J. , Stokes Jessica E. , Stoner Joanne , Graham Simon P. , Blackwell Alison , Darpel Karin E. , Carpenter Simon
Published: January 2021

Background

Culicoidesbiting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are biological vectors of internationally important arboviruses and inflict biting nuisance on humans, companion animals and livestock. In temperate regions, transmission of arboviruses is limited by temperature thresholds, in both replication and dissemination of arboviruses within the vector and in the flight activity of adultCulicoides. This study aims to determine the cold-temperature thresholds for flight activity ofCulicoidesfrom the UK under laboratory conditions.

Methods

Over 18,000Culicoidesadults were collected from the field using 4 W down-draught miniature ultraviolet Centers for Disease Control traps. Populations ofCulicoideswere sampled at three different geographical locations within the UK during the summer months and again in the autumn at one geographical location. Activity at constant temperatures was assessed using a bioassay that detected movement of adultCulicoidestowards an ultraviolet light source over a 24-h period.

Results

The proportion of active adultCulicoidesincreased with temperature but cold temperature thresholds for activity varied significantly according to collection season and location. Populations dominated by the subgenusAvaritiacollected in South East England had a lower activity threshold temperature in the autumn (4 °C) compared with populations collected in the summer (10 °C). Within the subgenusAvaritia,Culicoides scoticuswas significantly more active across all temperatures tested thanCulicoides obsoletuswithin the experimental setup. Populations ofCulicoides impunctatuscollected in the North East of England were only active once temperatures reached 14 °C. Preliminary data suggested flight activity of the subgenusAvaritiadoes not differ between populations in South East England and those in the Scottish Borders.

Conclusions

These findings demonstrate seasonal changes in temperature thresholds for flight and across different populations ofCulicoides.These data, alongside that defining thresholds for virus replication withinCulicoides,provide a primary tool for risk assessment of arbovirus transmission in temperate regions. In addition, the study also provides a comparison with thermal limits derived directly from light-suction trapping data, which is currently used as the main method to define adultCulicoidesactivity during surveillance.

Graphical Abstract
Sarcocystis cristata sp. nov. (Apicomplexa, Sarcocystidae) in the imported great blue turaco Corythaeola cristata (Aves, Musophagidae)
Authors: Máca Ondřej , González-Solís David
Published: January 2021

Background

Species of Sarcocystis are parasitic protozoa in poikilothermic and homeothermic animals. Out of the 26 valid species in birds as intermediate hosts, none has been reported in those of the order Musophagiformes, such as the great blue turaco Corythaeola cristata (Vieillot, 1816), which is a bird endemic to Central and Western Africa. The examination of great blue turacos imported from the Central Africa Republic to Czech Republic allowed the morphological and molecular characterization of a new species of Sarcocystis.

Methods

Four turacos imported from the Central Africa Republic to a private breeder (Czech Republic) underwent parasitological examination for the presence of sarcocysts through wet mounts of breast, heart and leg muscles. Found parasites were molecularly and histologically studied by four loci (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS1 and cox1) and haematoxylin and eosin staining, respectively.

Results

Three out of four examined birds harboured numerous sarcocysts in the breast and leg muscles. No macroscopic lesions where observed. Sarcocysts were microscopic, elongate and ribbon-shaped with a wall characterised by the presence of finger-shaped villar protrusions and filled with numerous elongate, banana-shaped bradyzoites, 11.87–14.84 × 2.05–2.92 µm in size. The new species was most closely related to Sarcocystisalbifronsi, Sarcocystisanasi, Sarcocystisatraii, Sarcocystischloropusae, Sarcocystisrileyi, Sarcocystiswenzeli and Sarcocystis sp. isolate from chicken in the four loci.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first species of Sarcocystis found in a musophagiform bird worldwide. Genetically, S. cristata sp. nov. represents a distinct species. Phylogenetic analyses are useful for predicting potential definitive hosts of the new Sarcocystis species.

graphical Abstract
Identification of DNA methylation signatures associated with poor outcome in lower-risk Stage, Size, Grade and Necrosis (SSIGN) score clear cell renal cell cancer
Authors: El Khoury Louis Y. , Fu Shuang , Hlady Ryan A. , Wagner Ryan T. , Wang Liguo , Eckel-Passow Jeanette E. , Castle Erik P. , Stanton Melissa L. , Thompson R. Houston , Parker Alexander S. , Ho Thai H. , Robertson Keith D.
Published: January 2021

Background

Despite using prognostic algorithms and standard surveillance guidelines, 17% of patients initially diagnosed with low risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) ultimately relapse and die of recurrent disease, indicating additional molecular parameters are needed for improved prognosis.

Results

To address the gap in ccRCC prognostication in the lower risk population, we performed a genome-wide analysis for methylation signatures capable of distinguishing recurrent and non-recurrent ccRCCs within the subgroup classified as ‘low risk’ by the Mayo Clinic Stage, Size, Grade, and Necrosis score (SSIGN 0–3). This approach revealed that recurrent patients have globally hypermethylated tumors and differ in methylation significantly at 5929 CpGs. Differentially methylated CpGs (DMCpGs) were enriched in regulatory regions and genes modulating cell growth and invasion. A subset of DMCpGs stratified low SSIGN groups into high and low risk of recurrence in independent data sets, indicating that DNA methylation enhances the prognostic power of the SSIGN score.

Conclusions

This study reports a global DNA hypermethylation in tumors of recurrent ccRCC patients. Furthermore, DMCpGs were capable of discriminating between aggressive and less aggressive tumors, in addition to SSIGN score. Therefore, DNA methylation presents itself as a potentially strong biomarker to further improve prognostic power in patients with low risk SSIGN score (0–3).
An invasive mole with pulmonary metastases in a 55-year-old postmenopausal Syrian woman: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ismail Sawsan , Mikhael Karen , Salloum Nehad , Alshehabi Zuheir
Published: January 2021

Background

Invasive mole is a subtype of gestational trophoblastic neoplasms (GTNs) that usually develops from the malignant transformation of trophoblastic tissue after molar evacuation. Invasive moles mostly occur in women of reproductive age, while they are extremely rare in postmenopausal women.

Case presentation

We present the case of a 55-year-old postmenopausal Syrian woman who was admitted to the emergency department at our hospital due to massive vaginal bleeding for 10 days accompanied by constant abdominal pain with diarrhea and vomiting. Following clinical, laboratory and radiological examination, total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. Histologic examination of the resected specimens revealed the diagnosis of an invasive mole with pulmonary metastases that were diagnosed by chest computed tomography (CT). Following surgical resection, the patient was scheduled for combination chemotherapy. However, 2 weeks later the patient was readmitted to the emergency department due to severe hemoptysis and dyspnea, and later that day the patient died in spite of resuscitation efforts.

Conclusion

Although invasive moles in postmenopausal women have been reported previously, we believe our case is the first reported from Syria. Our case highlights the difficulties in diagnosing invasive moles in the absence of significant history of gestational trophoblastic diseases. The present study further reviews the diagnostic methods, histological characteristics and treatment recommendations.
Failed prey or peculiar necrolysis? Isolated ammonite soft body from the Late Jurassic of Eichstätt (Germany) with complete digestive tract and male reproductive organs
Authors: Klug Christian , Schweigert Günter , Tischlinger Helmut , Pochmann Helmut
Published: January 2021

Ammonoid soft parts have been rarely described. Here, we document the soft parts of a perisphinctid ammonite from the early Tithonian of Wintershof near Eichstätt (Germany). This exceptional preservation was enabled by the special depositional conditions in the marine basins of the Solnhofen Archipelago. Here, we document this find and attempt to homologize its parts with various organs such as the digestive tract, reproductive organs, the mantle cavity with gills, and the hyponome, with differing degrees of reservation. Alternative interpretations are also taken into account. We suggest that the soft parts were separated from the conch either taphonomically (following necrolytical processes affecting the attachment structures) or during a failed predation, where a predator (fish or coleoid) removed the soft parts from the conch but then dropped them. This find is interesting because it adds to the knowledge of ammonite anatomy, which is normally hidden in the conch. The reproductive organs show traces of what might have been spermatophores, thus supporting the hypothesis that the microconchs represented the males.
Endectocides as a complementary intervention in the malaria control program: a systematic review
Authors: Khaligh Fereshteh Ghahvechi , Jafari Abbas , Silivanova Elena , Levchenko Mikhail , Rahimi Bahlol , Gholizadeh Saber
Published: January 2021

Background

Malaria is the most common vector-borne disease transmitted to humans by Anopheles mosquitoes. Endectocides and especially ivermectin will be available as a vector control tool soon. The current review could be valuable for trial design and clinical studies to control malaria transmission.

Methods

PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct were searched for original English published papers on (“Malaria chemical control” OR “Malaria elimination” OR “Anopheles vector control” OR “Malaria zooprophylaxis”) AND (“Systemic insecticides” OR “Endectocides” OR “Ivermectin”). The last search was from 19 June 2019 to 31 December 2019. It was updated on 17 November 2020. Two reviewers (SG and FGK) independently reviewed abstracts and full-text articles. Data were extracted by one person and checked by another. As meta-analyses were not possible, a qualitative summary of results was performed.

Results

Thirty-six published papers have used systemic insecticides/endectocides for mosquito control. Most of the studies (56.75%) were done on Anopheles gambiae complex species on doses from 150 μg/kg to 400 μg/kg in several studies. Target hosts for employing systemic insecticides/drugs were animals (44.2%, including rabbit, cattle, pig, and livestock) and humans (32.35%).

Conclusions

Laboratory and field studies have highlighted the potential of endectocides in malaria control. Ivermectin and other endectocides could soon serve as novel malaria transmission control tools by reducing the longevity of Anopheles mosquitoes that feed on treated hosts, potentially decreasing Plasmodium parasite transmission when used as mass drug administration (MDA).
MiR-206 regulates the progression of osteoporosis via targeting HDAC4
Authors: Lu Zhiyuan , Wang Dawei , Wang Xuming , Zou Jilong , Sun Jiabing , Bi Zhenggang
Published: January 2021

Background

More and more studies have confirmed that miRNAs play an important role in maintaining bone remodeling and bone metabolism. This study investigated the expression level of miR-206 in the serum of osteoporosis (OP) patients and explored the effect and mechanism of miR-206 on the occurrence and development of osteoporosis.

Methods

120 postmenopausal women were recruited, including 63 cases with OP and 57 women without OP. The levels of miR-206 were determined by qRT-PCR technology. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation of miR-206 with bone mineral density (BMD). An ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-206 in osteoporosis. The effects of miR-206 on cell proliferation and cell apoptosis of hFOBs were measured by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to confirm the interaction of miR-206 and the 3′UTR of HDAC4.

Results

Serum miR-206 had low expression level in osteoporosis patient group compared with control group. The expression level of serum miR-206 had diagnostic value for osteoporosis, and the serum miR-206 levels were positively correlated with BMD. The down-regulated miR-206 could inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis. Luciferase analysis indicated that HDAC4 was the target gene of miR-206.

Conclusions

MiR-206 could be used as a new potential diagnostic biomarker for osteoporosis, and in in vitro cell experiments, miR-206 may regulate osteoblast cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting HDAC4.
Rendezvous endovascular common carotid artery stenting (RECCAS) technique for symptomatic steno-occlusive disease
Authors: Wang M. T. , Schembri M. , Kok H. K. , Maingard J. , Foo M. , Lamanna A. , Brooks M. , Asadi H.
Published: January 2021

This report describes a patient who presented with acute but transient right arm weakness and altered sensation secondary to severe stenosis of the left common carotid artery (CCA) origin. Endovascular stenting of the stenosed origin was achieved utilising a novel rendezvous technique through combined retrograde common carotid artery and anterograde transfemoral approaches. This technique has numerous potential advantages over traditional transfemoral endovascular and open retrograde common carotid artery approaches. It allows increased procedural control and success in traversing the stenosis and provides a smooth transition for the stent delivery catheter. An open cutdown procedure or open surgical technique is not required. Our patient recovered well from the procedure with no complications within the three-month follow up period.
Human papillomavirus infection and risk factors to cervical cancer in asymptomatic women in the region of the Northeast of Brazil
Authors: Farias Karol Fireman de , Silva Adrielle Sonara Gomes , Santos Ana Caroline Melo dos , Silva Adriely Ferreira da , Silva Denise Macedo da , Moura Edilson Leite de , Araújo Alexandre Wendel de Moura , Nascimento Cristiane Araújo , Martins Danyelly Bruneska Gondim , Figueiredo Elaine Virginia Martins de Souza , Filho José Luiz de Lima
Published: January 2021

Objective: This study sought to identify the presence of HPV infection and the risk factors related to susceptibility to cervical cancer in asymptomatic women. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study with 428 users attended Basic Health Units, in Arapiraca, Alagoas, Brazil. Sociodemographic, behavioral variables, and cytopathological reports were collected. Molecular detection of the HPV virus was performed by Nested-PCR. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS version 22.0. Results: A total of 428 women were studied, HPV DNA detected in 39.2% (n = 168), with a mean age of 41 years old. There was an association of HPV with use of oral contraceptives (p <0.016) and alcoholism (p <0.038). It was showed a higher frequency of positive HPV in women older than 25 years old (88.7%), up to 5 sexual partners (93.4%), up to 3 pregnancies (71.4%), and with the cytopathologic results within the limits of normality (61.9%). HPV was identified in 40.3% (104/258) of the women with results within the limits of normality. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the use of oral contraceptives and alcoholism may be considered as possible risk factors related to cervical oncogenesis. With this, it is necessary to propose interventions aimed at the health education of this population, actions of prevention, and early detection.
WRITING.BACK, προς την ανάδειξη νέων καλλιτεχνικών δράσεων
Authors: Παναγιωτόπουλος Νίκος
Published: January 2021

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Οι αρετές του βουνού, φορτία και ορίζοντες
Authors: Ταξιαρχόπουλος Γιώργος
Published: January 2021

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Η καθημερινότητα διά του καθημερινού
Authors: Χονδρός Θανάσης , Κατσιάνη Αλεξάνδρα
Published: January 2021

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ΤΑ ΕΡΓΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΙΚΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΠΟΡΕΙΑΣ 2008- 2009
Authors: Ζιώγας Γιάννης
Published: January 2021

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ΤΑ ΕΡΓΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΙΚΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΠΟΡΕΙΑΣ 2012/ Περιπατητές στα Σύνορα του Στοχασμού
Authors: Ζιώγας Γιάννης
Published: January 2021

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Χρήσεις του ασκιού στην αποθήκευση και μεταφορά τροφίμων στην παραδοσιακή κοινωνία
Authors: Τσιόδουλος Στέφανος
Published: January 2021

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Πρόλογος των επιμελητών
Authors: Πετσίνη Πηνελόπη , Ζιώγας Γιάννης , Παναγιωτόπουλος Νίκος
Published: January 2021

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ΤΟΠΙΟ ΚΑΙ ΗΓΕΜΟΝΙΚΕΣ ΑΝΑΠΑΡΑΣΤΑΣΕΙΣ, Το παράδειγμα της Αθήνας
Authors: Παναγιωτόπουλος Νίκος
Published: January 2021

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ΜΕΛΕΤΏΝΤΑΣ ΤΟ ΤΟΠΙΟ ΤΗΣ ΚΑΤΑΝΑΛΩΤΙΚΗΣ ΟΠΤΙΚΗΣ
Authors: Ερμείδου Δήμητρα
Published: January 2021

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The relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal parasites in individuals from Khartoum state, Sudan: a case-control study
Authors: Yousif Abd Elbagi Yasir , Abd Alla Ahmed Bakheet , Saad Mohammed Baha Eldin
Published: January 2021

Background: In developing countries, Helicobacter pylori infection is common, as are intestinal parasites. Socioeconomic circumstances and low personal hygiene lead to the spread of these infections. This research aimed to evaluate the relationship between intestinal parasites and H. pylori in Khartoum, Sudan.

Methods: This study was conducted in various hospitals in Khartoum between June and October 2018. The study involved 200 individuals: 100 patients with H. pylori as a case group and 100 healthy individuals as a control group. A stool sample was taken from each individual, and wet preparation, saturated sodium chloride flotation and formal ether concentration were used to detect intestinal parasites.

Results: The results showed that 23% of H. pylori patients and 10% of healthy individuals had gastrointestinal parasites; Entamoeba histolytica was found in 12% of H. pylori cases followed by Entamoeba coli (7%) and Giardia lamblia (4%). Control group: Entamoeba histolytica in 5% followed by G. lamblia in 3% and E. coli in 2% of individuals. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of intestinal parasites between groups (P = 0.013).

The prevalence rate of intestinal parasites among men and women was 24% and 22%, respectively, in the case group, and 9% and 11%, respectively, in the control group. In the case group, the highest prevalence rates (40% and 38%) were found among the age groups 1-15 and 46-60 years old, respectively, while the lowest rate (10.7%) was found among the 31-45 age group. In the control group, the highest prevalence rate (15%) was among the 31-45 age group, the lowest prevalence rate (8%) was found among the 16-30 age group.

Conclusion: Together, we found that intestinal parasites are more common in patients with H. pylori. We also noticed that the rate of infection was not affected by gender while the age group was affected.
Journal editors: How do their editing incomes compare?
Authors: Lee Janice C. L. , Watt Jennifer , Kelsall Diane , Straus Sharon
Published: January 2021

Background:The work of journal editors is essential to producing high-quality literature, and editing can be a very rewarding career; however, the profession may not be immune to gender pay gaps found in many professions and industries, including academia and clinical medicine. Our study aimed to quantify remuneration for journal editors from core clinical journals, determine if a gender pay gap exists, and assess if there are remuneration differences across publishing models and journal characteristics.

Methods:We completed an online survey of journal editors with substantial editing roles including section editors and editors-in-chief, identified from the Abridged Index Medicus “Core Clinical” journals in MEDLINE. We analyzed information on demographics, editing income, and journal characteristics using a multivariable partial proportional odds model for ordinal logistic regression.

Results:There were 166 survey respondents (response rate of 9%), which represented editors from 69 of 111 journals (62%). A total of 140 fully completed surveys were analyzed (95 males and 45 females); 50 (36%) editors did not receive remuneration for editorial work. No gender pay gap and no difference in remuneration between editors who worked in subscription-based publishing vs. open access journals were detected. Editors who were not primarily health care providers were more likely to have higher editing incomes (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-7.46). Editors who worked more than 10 hours per week editing earned more than those who worked 10 hours or less per week (adjusted OR 16.7, 95%CI 7.02-39.76).

Conclusions:We were unable to detect a gender pay gap and a difference in remuneration between editors who worked in subscription-based publishing and those in open access journals. More than one third of editors surveyed from core clinical journals did not get remunerated for their editing work.
The Paramak: automated parametric geometry construction for fusion reactor designs.
Authors: Shimwell Jonathan , Billingsley John , Delaporte-Mathurin Rémi , Morbey Declan , Bluteau Matthew , Shriwise Patrick , Davis Andrew
Published: January 2021

During the conceptual design process of fusion reactors it is useful to rapidly prototype different design concepts and assess their suitability against a range of high level requirements. Rapid prototyping allows the 'fail early' mantra of other fields to be applied to engineering design.

Furthermore, the rapid generation of low fidelity analysis allows fast exploration of design space, which enables better decisions to be made during concept selection and the detailed design phase. The Paramak is an open-source tool that aims to provide automated parameter driven 3D CAD models for fusion reactor components and magnetic fusion reactors. The geometry produced is compatible with several analysis workflows and this allows iterative automated model building and analysis to help steer the design concept optimisation process. The Paramak uses CadQuery 2 to create the 3D CAD model. The Paramak framework is used to create a few example reactor configurations including: a spherical reactor, a regular large radius tokamak and a compact submersion tank reactor. Input parameters for the various reactors that the Paramak can generate generally fall into three categories: continuous ranges such as blanket thickness, integer ranges such as number of toroidal field coils and categorical parameters such as type of divertor. The Paramak facilitates parameter studies where users can investigate the impact of input design parameters on the reactor performance. The use of modern software practices allows the geometry to be continuously tested in analysis workflows to ensure it is fit for purpose. The generation of output metrics from input parameters lends itself to the use of data science and machine learning approaches in order to steer the design. The Paramak provides rapid construction of analysis ready CAD in a manner that allows the designer to save time when exploring the design space for design studies and facilitate automated generative design.
Optimal Team Composition: Diversity to Foster Implicit Team Incentives
Authors: Glover Jonathan , Kim Eunhee
Published: January 2021

We study optimal team design. In our model, a principal assigns either heterogeneous agents to a team (a diverse team) or homogenous agents to a team (a specialized team) to perform repeated team production. We assume that specialized teams exhibit a productive substitutability (e.g., interchangeable efforts with decreasing returns to total effort), whereas diverse teams exhibit a productive complementarity (e.g., cross-functional teams). Diverse teams have an inherent advantage in fostering desirable implicit/relational incentives that team members can provide to each other (tacit cooperation). In contrast, specialization both complicates the provision of cooperative incentives by altering the punishment agents can impose on each other for short expected career horizons and fosters undesirable implicit incentives (tacit collusion) for long expected horizons. As a result, expected compensation is first decreasing and then increasing in the discount factor for specialized teams, while expected compensation is always decreasing in the discount factor for diverse teams. We use our results to develop empirical implications about the association between team tenure and team composition, pay-for-performance sensitivity, and team culture.

This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
Wide-angle and polarization-insensitive anti-blue-light filters with photonic heterostructures
Authors: Li Jinrong , Lu Guang , Zhao Yunpeng , Zhang Kaiyuan , Liu Fen , Wu Ailing , Du Guiqiang
Published: January 2021

We investigated, theoretically and experimentally, a type of anti-blue-light filter with photonic heterostructures composed of multiple all-dielectric photonic crystals (PCs). In the blue light range, the photonic bandgaps of different PCs are designed to be located in different incident angle regions so that the photonic heterostructures composed of multiple different PCs have high reflection properties over a wide range of incidence. We found that this type of photonic heterostructure is polarization-insensitive. The experimental results were in good agreement with the theoretical values.
Journal of Scandinavian Cinema turns ten: About the past and for the future
Authors: Holmlund Chris , Nestingen Andrew
Published: January 2021

Chris Holmlund and Andrew Nestingen have long been involved with the Journal of Scandinavian Cinema (JSCA) – Chris since 2013, Andy since the journal’s inception in 2010. This article reviews trends in the journal’s first decade and identifies areas where more scholarship would be welcome. JSCA has built a reputation for excellence and is the authoritative publication on cinema and media of the Nordic region. Special Issues, articles on the representation of sexuality and discussions of national cinema constitute valuable contributions. There have been many excellent articles on male auteurs, and several articles on popular cinema. Women auteurs remain underrepresented; more research on television and media and additional studies of race and ethnicity in all media are needed. The authors encourage JSCA and its contributors to continue to build alliances with film studies organizations in Europe, North America, South America and Asia.
The wondering aspect: Feminist auteur Anne Haugsgjerd
Authors: Bhar Oda
Published: January 2021

This chronological consideration of the films of feminist auteur Anne Haugsgjerd contextualizes her oeuvre in Norwegian and Scandinavian film history. Pointing to influences such as the Belgian-Swedish filmmaker Eric M. Nilsson and the mythology of Marilyn Monroe, it is argued that her narrative voice combines vulnerability and open-mindedness. She expresses herself in a hybrid and montage-based cinematic language, often with a humorous, essayistic voice-over. Her quirky approach touches upon the absurdity of daily life, exposing her personal flaws in a manner similar to that of such younger contemporary actors/directors as Miranda July or Lena Dunham.
ON THE QUESTION OF EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE ORGANIZATION OF COOPERATION OF PARTICIPANTS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
Authors: Gorchakov S. E.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of evaluating the effectiveness of scientific cooperation, including the factors that determine it. Four categories of factors — external, internal, factors of cooperation and teamwork management. The idea of Diane H. Sonnenwald on scientific collaboration as a process. The features of each stage of this process are systematized, which determine the value of scientific cooperation for its participants. Based on a survey of twenty leaders of scientific organizations using analysis of variance, the perception of the value of cooperation in the field of scientific research was evaluated. As the most valuable partners, the respondents named industry organizations that have units that conduct research and development. Higher education organizations do not yet have enough experience in research cooperation. Using the proposed approach to building the profile of each of the partners in research cooperation, the scientific organization is able to respond to factors affecting the effectiveness of these processes.
FORMATION OF AN INTEGRATED MARKETING SYSTEM FOR A PHARMACY ORGANIZATION
Authors: Grentikova I. G. , Oblasov A. A.
Published: January 2021

The article substantiates the need for the formation of an integrated marketing system by Russian pharmaceutical organizations, which allows them to sell pharmaceutical products based on the foresight of future needs and consumer preferences. The rapid transformation of retail trade after the removal of restrictive measures taken in connection with the coronavirus pandemic will affect the pharmacy business; there is a need to develop and use all tools to improve the quality of business management, which will directly affect sales. The authors justify the use of an organizational scheme consisting of four levels, which differs from the traditional and modern schemes, focused only on the consumer. We used practical data from the Pharmaimpex group of companies for the Kemerovo region, as well as analytical materials from GMPnews. It is concluded that the formation of an integrated marketing system of a pharmacy organization allows to standardize the decision-making procedure in all areas of marketing. The distribution of databases will strengthen the internal interconnection of the pharmacy organization’s business processes.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EXPRESS DIAGNOSTICS OF PERSONNEL SAFETY OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Milyaeva L. G.
Published: January 2021

In the context of a crisis economy, the need for monitoring personnel security, which is a key component of the economic security of the enterprise, is being updated. The article emphasizes the legality of express diagnostics of personnel safety of the enterprise by personnel loyalty; the results of the terminology analysis of the definition of “personnel security of the enterprise” are given, indicating the ambiguity of its interpretations; The essential-content basis and indicators of personnel safety are substantiated, standard characteristics of a loyal employee are specified; features of rapid analysis are noted. The central place in the work is given to a critical analysis of known methods for assessing personnel loyalty and arguing their unsuitability for rapid diagnostics of personnel safety of the enterprise. The article presents the original author’s technique of rapid diagnosis of the personnel situation according to two criteria: the level of staff loyalty and the loyalty profile, reflecting the degree of consistency of categorical levels. In conclusion, the distinctive features of the methodology are emphasized (simplicity, visibility of the presentation of results, diversification of use, universal nature), and the legality of its replication in specialized publications is justified.
DEVELOPMENT OF A DRUG BASED ON THE FRUITS OF CHOKEBERRY (ARÓNIA MELANOCÁRPA (MICHX.) EL-LIOT) IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: Andreyeva Valeriya Yur'yevna , Sheykin Vladimir Viktorovich , Kalinkina Galina Il'inichna , Razina Tat'yana Georgiyevna , Zuyeva Yelena Petrovna , Rybalkina Ol'ga Yur'yevna , Ul'rikh Alina Valer'yevna
Published: January 2021

Black chokeberry is an official drug raw material and is used as a multivitamin drug. Black chokeberry guarantees the supply of raw materials as it grows all over the Russian Federation end is a promising sourse of phenolic compounds for new drugs.

Objective: to develop the most favorable conditions for extraction of bioactive compounds from black chokeberry and to assess its anti-metastatic activity.

To extract bioactive compounds from black chokeberry the method of multistep repercolation with completed cycle was used. To assess the factors controlling the raw material extraction the technique of mathematic simulation for latin square. The technique of liquid anthocyanins and catechins rich black chokeberry extraction was given with the following parameters: extragent – 95% acidified alcohol, phase relation – 1 : 5, number of percolators – 5.

The content of biologically active substances in the extract obtained with 95% acidified ethyl alcohol was determined by conventional methods. In the composition of the extract, the content of anthocyanins (5.83±0.25%), catechins (0.22±0.02%), tannins (4.65±0.30%), phenolic acids (0.27±0.01%) and other biologically active substances was determined. To assess the antitumor properties of the chokeberry fruit extract, the Lewis lung carcinoma model was used. It was found that the proposed extract reliably inhibits the development of metastases and increases the antimetastatic activity of cyclophosphamide in combined treatment, is of interest as a means for increasing the effectiveness of tumor chemotherapy.
INVESTIGATION OF THE PROCESS OF CHEMICAL CROSSLINKING OF NA-CMC POLYVALENT METAL IONS
Authors: Turaev Abbaskhan Sabirkhanovich , Filatova Al'bina Vasil'yevna
Published: January 2021

This article is devoted to the study of the Na-CMC structuring process under various conditions: structuring with polyvalent metal ions, structuring with polyvalent metal ions in the presence of polybasic acids. Structuring in a Na-CMC solution was investigated by adding polyvalent metal ions to it at various ratios Me+p / COO-, pH, which allowed us to characterize the structuring process as a reaction of macromolecules with low molecular weight compounds.It was found that the probability of intermacromolecular crosslinking, responsible for gelation, increases with an increase in the initial concentration of Na-CMC solution and with the additional presence of polybasic acids. When salts of polyvalent metals interact with solutions of polybasic acids in the presence of a 2N NaOH solution, their complex salts are formed.Titration calculations and IR spectra of dried salts confirmed the conclusion made about the formation of salts of structure I, II, III, IV. Crosslinking of Na-CMC has been shown to occur via compounds of the M2+ (3+) - OOS-R-type. It has been established that strong, transparent jellies are formed by trivalent metal ions, divalent metal ions also form brittle, cloudy jellies that stratify during a day.A suggestion has been made that the main reaction during gelation of the Na-CMC solution is the interaction of -COOH groups along the chain of the Na-CMC macromolecule with the Al+3 salt and citric acid of structure III. The role of citric acid is that it is a transverse bridge in the binding of Na-CMC macromolecules. During the process of chemical crosslinking, the system turns from a fluid state into a non-fluid one, and the dynamic viscosity of the system increases from 3.548 Pa·s to 1585 Pa·s.
Tecnologias de informação e comunicação, metodologias ativas e os fatores de interação
Authors: Lima Fábio Rogério Batista , Murakami Fabio , Ordones Solange Aparecida Devechi
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo traz reflexões acerca do processo de interação do indivíduo com as metodologias ativas por meio do uso de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) e faz conexão com os pensamentos de Marshall McLuhan. Para tanto, o artigo é de abordagem qualitativa e de natureza teórico-aplicada, apresenta objetivos descritivos e exploratórios e faz uso de procedimentos bibliográficos e documentais. Como resultado, a importância do uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação, proporciona inserções de metodologias ativas e estruturas pedagógicas para o efetivo processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Assim, o desafio é a adaptação ao cenário cada vez mais mutável, e o processo de aprendizagem está diretamente relacionado à capacidade de relacionamento interpessoal, no desenvolvimento do comportamento informacional, na construção do conhecimento científico e no domínio das TIC.
Proposta de integração de recursos do patrimônio cultural científico no modelo EDM
Authors: Ribeiro Cláudio Jose S. , Sousa Alexandre Medeiros Correia de , Borges Maria Manuel
Published: January 2021

As instituições que lidam com a curadoria do patrimônio cultural têm o desafio de organizar as informações do campo em que estão inseridas e englobando questões sobre interoperabilidade de dados na internet. O uso das tecnologias da Web Semântica e dos princípios Linked Data tem sido apontado como facilitador para interligar dados e recursos oriundos de diferentes acervos e procedências a partir do momento em que possibilita que se estabeleçam metadados de ligações semânticas em contextos específicos. Neste ensaio propomos um estudo de caso sobre formas de integração de bens documentais do Patrimônio Cultural Científico, tomando por base a modelagem de descrição de recursos Europeana Data Model (EDM) e a possibilidade do reuso de metadados já estabelecidas por vocabulários semânticos. Dessa forma, buscamos verificar como esta abordagem pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma rede de dados em campos mais específicos do patrimônio cultural mais específicos.
Co-Residence of Elderly Persons with Children and Grandchildren in Eastern and Southeast Europe
Authors: Gruber Siegfried
Published: January 2021

Co-residence of elderly persons with their descendants has often been perceived as the norm in traditional societies, especially in historical East and Southeast Europe. Nevertheless, not all elderly persons could count on such living arrangements because some of them never had children and some lost their children due to high mortality. This paper sheds light on the proportions of elderly people living with their children and grandchildren in the same household, drawing on census and census-like material from East and Southeast Europe for the 18th and 19th centuries, which has been made available for research by the Mosaic project (https://ehps-net.eu/databases/mosaic-project).
"University Elders,"Young Professors" and Students
Authors: Saburova Tatiana
Published: January 2021

In the proposed article I analyze recent attempts to take a fresh look at sociological as well as historical approaches to “generational studies” and their linkages with “aging studies.” Emphasizing the value of traditional sociological categories of age cohorts and the study of demographics as a factor of change in education, in academic communities and consequently as a contributor to educational politics, I demonstrate how the generation approach can be applied to the study of the professoriate; to delineate the essential contours of the academic community; to demonstrate its influence upon the development of universities as a whole and to prognosticate change, diagnose problems and identify tendencies, looking from comparative perspective and using works by Western as well Russian scholars. The article poses the question of how applicable are models constructed by sociologists for the study of Russian higher education. How possible is it to combine the generational approach to actually existing (demographic) age cohorts within the academic community of the 19th and 20th century - with understandings of generation as a constructed “symbolic community”? Generational identity was unquestionably significant within university culture in Russia, for both students and professors interacted and situated themselves within a designated “generation” both real and imagined; described the mutual relations of professors and students in generational terms, and professors situated themselves discursively within their own community using generational markers. Generational succession as well as generational conflict were key concepts at the time when treating the history of the university itself. I explore the linkages between the concept of generation and the idea of age; how “age” was understood, described and used within the university culture in Russia; how “age” characteristics and identifications became a part of the political and cultural discourse in the Russian educated society and their dynamics over time. For this article I draw upon memoirs about the Russian universities written by former students and faculty, correspondence between professors and their diaries, publications in the journal of the Ministry of Education, novels picturing the Russian university life and academic community, and visual representations of the Russian professoriate in photographs.
Meanings of Getting Old in Post-Transition Serbia
Authors: Perisic Natalija , Sataric Nadezda
Published: January 2021

Living in a post-transition aging society has been very challenging for Serbia's citizens. Unsurprisingly, older citizens have been under numerous kinds of pressure, in different domains of their everyday life, including health care and social care, attitudes of others, etc. On top of this, older women seem to be in an especially difficult situation. The paper starts from feminist perspectives on aging, arguing in favor of gender-shaped differences of aging. One of the main pre-assumptions is that the older women are faced with heightened inequalities, i.e. the life of women in their old age magnifies the inequalities already existin in their earlier stages of life (Abbott/Wallace/Tyler 2005). This paper is based on research conducted in Novi Beograd, one of the municipalities of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. 605 persons over 65 years of life were interviewed and additional 61 persons over 65 years of life were gathered into focus groups. The research was conducted between March and June 2017, exploring the demographic characteristics of households, their social-economic status, health and social care services offered to older people in the community, support networks and their attitudes. Findings point to significant differences in almost every domain of life researched between men and women. The most striking findings point to significantly lower income in older women, their lower self-esteemed health status and also their lower objective health status. Their usage of support programs in the community also shows differences compared to men, depending on the service.
On Nearness and Distance
Authors: Volanská Lubica , Kácerová Marcela , Majo Juraj
Published: January 2021

Demographic development in European countries related to aging societies is showing similarities connected to various historical issues. Differences between countries are more pronounced in the timing of particular demographic processes (Voľanská, 2016). However, traditional or long-term family patterns play an important role in structuring social networks of elderly people in different geographic areas in Europe (Hank 2007). In Europe, economic and social independence in the group of elderly people are definitely some of the significant tokens of their subjective wellbeing as well as active and healthy aging. Especially economic independence is desirable in the societies of (post-socialist) transitive economic systems like Slovakia and freedom in financial decisions is highly valued even among retired individuals (Rochovská/Majo/Káčerová/Ondoš 2017). On the other hand, such independence in many cases indicates solitude. This is the stage of life where the social networks might be deeply influenced and altered and feelings of loneliness are connected with the “empty nest phase” of life or the departure of spouses. Having in mind the cultural values and attitudes regarding, for example, the promotion of preferences or the suitability of close intergenerational relationships, we attempt to approach and analyze households with individuals over 65. There might be structural differences between individuals living in rural areas with presumed higher possibilities of social networking and individuals living in cities, where the large neighborhoods might be more hostile toward (especially) psychologically healthy aging. We try to compare individuals living alone in these landscapes, comparing possible geographically distinct characteristics. The use of various methods (analysis of census data related to single-person households with socio-demographic variables enabling us to approach this topic in broader spatial context, in combination with qualitative biographical narrative interviews as well as semi-structured focused interviews and walking interviews) is based on the interdisciplinary cooperation of researchers with a background in human geography and social anthropology, which enables a deep insight into the problem of solitude in present-day Slovakia.
Aging in Soviet Utopian and Dystopian Literature
Authors: Bozic Rafaela
Published: January 2021

Utopian literature shows us the ideal future, dystopian literature - quite the opposite. But this definition is only an oversimplification, which is proven by still very limited scholarship existing on the subject. In this paper, using the method of linguistic and linguo-stylistic analysis, I try to determine the position on aging and old age in these two (at first glance) opposite genres. Special focus will be on the Soviet era - more concretely, the period from the October Revolution to the end of the Second World War - with the intention of determining the reflection of the post-Revolution period in literature.