bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the productivity and quality of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa)
Authors: Шитикова А.В. , Кухаренкова О.В. , Воршева А.В.
Published: December 2023

Исследования выполнены в 2021–2022 годах на Полевой опытной станции РГАУ–МСХА им. К. А. Тимирязева (г. Москва). В условиях полевого опыта изучена реакция сортообразцов квиноа (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) на применение различных доз азотного удобрения. Установлено влияние доз азота N60, N120, N180 и N240, а также сроков и кратности их внесения на урожайность, структуру урожая, окупаемость азота удобрения прибавкой урожая и содержание белка в зерне в агроэкологических условиях Центрального региона России. Проведённые исследования показали, что квиноа формировало более высокую урожайность и накапливало больше белка в зерне при применении азотного удобрения. Внесение азота в дозе N120 обеспечило получение в среднем за 2 года 2,32, 2,50 и 3,02 т/га зерна у сортообразцов Regalona, Cherry Vanilla и Titicaca соответственно. Дальнейшее увеличение дозы до N180 и затем до N240 также сопровождалось получением прибавки урожайности по сравнению с вариантом без внесения азотного удобрения, но привело к заметному снижению окупаемости азотного удобрения. Наиболее высокая окупаемость удобрения прибавкой урожая была получена при выращивании сортообразцов Titicaca и Regalona с внесением N60 — в среднем за 2 года 13,50 и 11,00 кг зерна на 1 кг азота. Растения квиноа образовали разветвлённые метёлки длиной 30 см и более с большим количеством зёрен и массой зерна с одного растения, достигающей 5,66–8,31, г при внесении 120 и 180 кг азота/га. Применение азотного удобрения в дозах N180 и N240 приводило к накоплению белка в зерне: в зависимости от сортовых особенностей растений и метеорологических условий года в зерне накапливалось 10,5–15,1% белка.

This investigation was carried out at the Field Research Station of the Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University (Moscow) in 2021–2022. The impact of different rates of nitrogen fertilizers was tested on the genotypes of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). The backgrounds of N60, N120, N180 and N240 as well as fertilization time and frequency significantly affected the productivity, nitrogen efficiency and grain protein content of quinoa in the Central Non-Chernozem region of Russia. Quinoa formed higher yield and accumulated more protein under the application of nitrogen fertilizers. Such genotypes as Regalona, Cherry Vanilla and Titicaca provided provided 2.32, 2.50 and 3.02 t grain ha-1 on the background of N120, respectively. Increasing the rates up to N180 and N240 improved the crop productivity but significantly decreased the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizers. The highest efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers was observed when growing Titicaca and Regalona under N60 — 13.50 and 11.00 kg of grain per 1 kg of nitrogen. Quinoa formed branched heads of over 30 cm in length with the high number of grains and grain weight per plant reaching 5.66–8.31 g under the application of 120 and 180 kg N ha-1. N180 and N240 provided the yield of protein of 10.5–15.1% as affected by the genotype and weather.
Amino acid composition of various alfalfa varieties
Authors: Косолапова В.Г. , Косолапов В.М. , Степанова Г.В.
Published: December 2023

Экспериментальная работа проведена на опытном поле и в отделе консервирования и хранения кормов ФНЦ «ВИК им. В. Р. Вильямса» в 2022 году. В структуре полноценного кормления сельскохозяйственных животных большую роль играет не только обеспеченность кормов сырым протеином, но и его качество, обусловленное содержанием как заменимых, так и незаменимых аминокислот. Статья содержит данные по содержанию сырого протеина и аминокислот в наиболее распространённых сортах люцерны изменчивой селекционных севооборотов лаборатории селекции люцерны ФНЦ «ВИК им. В. Р. Вильямса». Проведена оценка протеиновой питательности люцерны сортов Вега 87, Селена, Луговая 67 и Пастбищная 88 в процессе вегетации. Установлено, что в фазу стеблевания содержание сырого протеина в среднем по всем сортам составляло 24,21±0,37%, в начале бутонизации — 19,95±0,59, в фазу бутонизации — 17,23±0,62, в фазу цветения — 15,07±0,60%. Сумма всех аминокислот в среднем по всем сортам в фазу стеблевания составляла 203,2 г, в фазу начала бутонизации – 167,7 г, бутонизации — 144,5 г, цветения — 117,1 г г/кг сухого вещества. Аминокислотный индекс люцерны всех сортов находился в пределах 0,84–0,90, что указывает на высокое содержание незаменимых аминокислот в зелёной массе. Содержание лизина и метионина во всех сортах люцерны было высоким и составляло: лизина — 6,8–14,1 г, метионина — 2,0–4,0 г/кг сухого вещества. Установлено, что люцерна сорта Луговая 67 на протяжении всей вегетации отличалась более высоким содержанием аминокислот, в том числе незаменимых.

This research was conducted at the Federal Williams Research Center of Fodder Production and Agroecology in 2022. In order to provide livestock with all the essential nutrients both the content and quality of crude protein (the composition of nonessential and essential amino acids) have a significant value. This article reports on the accumulation of crude protein and amino acids in the common varieties of bastard alfalfa from the Federal Williams Research Center of Fodder Production and Agroecology. Such varieties were tested as Vega 87, Selena, Lugovaya 67 and Pastbishchnaya 88 during their growing season. The concentration of crude protein reached 24.21±0.37% at the shooting stage, 19.95±0.59 — early budding, 17.23±0.62 — budding, 15.07±0.60 — flowering. Total content of all the amino acids per 1 kg of dry matter amounted to 203.2 g at shooting, 167.7 g — early budding, 144.5 g — budding, 117.1 g — flowering. The amino acid index of alfalfa ranged from 0.84 to 0.90, indicating the high concentration of essential amino acids in green mass. The content of lysine and methionine per 1 kg of dry matter was high: lysine — 6.8–14.1 g, methionine — 2.0–4.0 g. Lugovaya 67 showed the highest concentration of amino acids including the essential ones.
ntraspecific diversity of prostrate summer cypress (Kochia prostratа (L.) Sсhrad.) as a source of economically important traits
Authors: Bembeeva E.U. , Аркинчеев А.В. , Мерчиева С.А.
Published: December 2023

В данной статье приведены результаты изучения хозяйственно ценных признаков, продуктивности, питательной и энергетической ценности различных экотипов и биотипов прутняка простёртого 3-го года жизни (посев 2019 года) в аридных условиях Северо-Западного Прикаспия. Необходимость проведения селекционной работы с аридными кормовыми растениями возникла как последовательный этап в ходе фитомелиорации природных кормовых угодий после того, как были разработаны приёмы и технологии их коренного улучшения и проведены работы по подбору растений-фитомелиорантов. Для улучшения низкопродуктивных пастбищ полупустынных зон большое внимание уделяется прутняку, что обусловлено его засухоустойчивостью, способностью давать высокие урожаи, а также хорошими кормовыми качествами. Цель работы — изучение эколого-биологических и продуктивных качеств различных экотипов и биотипов прутняка, выявление лучших образцов в качестве исходного материала для селекции. Для прутняка характерна высокая экологическая пластичность, что делает его перспективным исходным материалом для дальнейшего использования в селекционной работе. По комплексу хозяйственно ценных признаков наиболее перспективным для селекции является песчаный экотип прутняка. Сбор сухого вещества, сырого протеина и обменной энергии с 1 га площади в начале фазы плодообразования составил 3,66 т, 0,24 т и 34,07 ГДж соответственно. Среди изучаемых биотипов прутняка выделились растения с красной окраской побегов: продуктивность — 3,06 т/га, содержание в сухом веществе сырого протеина — 0,36 т/га, обменной энергии — 30,17 ГДж/га.

This article reports on the analysis of economically important traits, productivity, nutritional and energy values of various ecotypes and biotypes of 3-year-old prostrate summer cypress (seeded in 2019) under the arid conditions of the North-Western Caspian region. Breeding drought-resistant crops is one of the reclamation stages for natural forage lands followed after the development of proper methods and techniques as well as the selection of respective plants. Prostrate summer cypress gained a certain attention as a drought-resistant plant with high productivity and fodder quality to improve the fertility of low-productive semi-desert zones. The aim of this research was to analyze the ecology, biology and productivity of different genotypes of prostrate summer cypress to select the best parent material for future breeding projects. The high ecological plasticity of the plant made it a promising breeding material. The sandy ecotype had the best combination of economically important traits. The yields of dry matter, crude protein and exchange energy from 1 ha amounted to 3.66 t, 0.24 t and 34.07 GJ in the beginning of fruit formation stage, respectively. Among the tested biotypes plants with red shoots performed the best: productivity — 3.06 t ha-1, the content of crude protein in dry matter — 0.36 t ha-1, exchange energy — 30.17 GJ ha-1.
PRODUCTIVITY STUDY OF HYDRAULIC BREAKER EXCAVATOR, PT HANSINDO MINERAL PERSADA, SUNGAI PINYUH DISTRICT, MEMPAWAH DISTRICT, WEST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE
Authors: Wahyudi Tri , Nirmala Azwa , Syafrianto M. Khalid
Published: December 2023

PT Hansindo Mineral Persada is a granite mining company. Mining activities at PT Hansindo Mineral Persada use blasting and the help of a hydraulic excavator breaker to break up boulders. The crusher setting at PT Hansindo has a size of 50 cm, so rocks above 50 cm must be crushed first to make them smaller. The research aims to gain the capability of equipment production. Thus, it can assist in meeting production and cost requirements. Apart from that, this is also an effort to increase the production of hydraulic excavator breakers. Data collection in the field is carried out by observing cycle times, work constraints, working time, operational costs, the need for fuel, lubricants, etc. Then, the data is calculated on cycle time, effective working time, number of production tools, and operational costs. After that, it is necessary to make improvements during the effective working time of the obstacles that occur or to increase the number of hydraulic excavator breakers. The calculation results show that the production capacity of one hydraulic breaker excavator unit is 21.77 BCM/hour or 4,277.98 BCM/month. The operational cost for one tool is IDR 2,944,133.88/day. The increased production of the two recommended alternatives resulted in an increase of up to 4,468.41 BCM/month by improving the effective working time and 8,583.03 BCM/month by increasing the number of tools. The value of tool availability for MA increased by 0.1%, PA by 0%, UA increased by around 4%, and EU increased by around 4%.
Aurones: Unexplored, Highly Efficient Visible-Light Photoswitches for Aqueous Medium
Authors: Berdnikova Daria V.
Published: December 2023

The development of synthetically accessible photoswitches showing an efficient performance in aqueous medium has recently become an urgent task due to the rapid development of photopharmacology and novel biomedical applications. In response to this challenge, in this work, aurone derivatives are introduced for the first time as highly efficient visible-light photoswitches for aqueous medium. In general, aurones exhibit superior performance in water, including significantly higher quantum yields, compared with other indigoid photoswitches (hemithioindigo and hemiindigo). Especially remarkable are the half-lifes of the photoinduced E-isomers of aurones in water, reaching up to 7 years. Further modification of the aurone scaffold with substituents that increase water solubility does not affect most of the photoswitching characteristics and even improves some them. The highly advantageous property profile of the aurone photoswitches in water make them a perfect novel platform for the design of light-controllable molecules for bioapplications.
Simplified Modular Access to Enantiopure 1,2-Aminoalcohols via Ni- Electrocatalytic Decarboxylative Arylation
Authors: Sun Jiawei , Endo Hirofumi , Emmanuel Megan , Oderinde Martins , Kawamata Yu , baran phil
Published: December 2023

Chiral aminoalcohols are omnipresent in bioactive compounds. Conventional strategies to access this motif involve multiple-step reactions to install requisite functionalities stere- oselectively using conventional polar bond analysis. This study re- veals that a simple chiral oxazolidine-based carboxylic acid can be readily transformed to substituted chiral aminoalcohols with high stereochemical control by Ni-electrocatalytic decarboxylative ary- lation. This general, robust and scalable coupling can be used to synthesize variety of medicinally important compounds, avoiding protecting and functional group manipulations thereby dramati- cally simplifying their preparation.
From high-purity synthesis to key experimental considerations for evaluating functionalized ionic liquids for combined capture and electrochemical conversion of CO2
Authors: Dongare Saudagar , Cagli Eda , Coskun Oguz Kagan , Stanley Jared S , Mir Ab Qayoom , Brower Rowen S , Velázquez Jesús M , Yang Jenny Y , Sacci Robert L , Gurkan Burcu
Published: December 2023

Ionic liquids (ILs) are considered functional electrolytes for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 (ECO2R) due to their role in the double-layer structure formation and increased CO2 availability at the electrode surface, which reduces the voltage requirement. However, not all ILs are the same considering the purity and degree of the functionality of the IL. Further, there are critical experimental factors that impact the evaluation of ILs for ECO2R including the reference electrode, working electrode construction, co-solvent selection, cell geometry, and whether the electrochemical cell is a single compartment or a divided cell. Here, we describe improved synthesis methods of imidazolium cyanopyrrolide IL for electrochemical studies in consideration of precursor composition and reaction time. We explored how IL dilution within acetonitrile, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), propylene carbonate (PC), and n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) affected conductivity and CO2 mass transport, and ECO2R activation overpotential, as well as surveyed effects of electrode material (Sn, Ag, Au and glassy carbon). Acetonitrile was found to be the best solvent for lowering the onset potential and increasing the catalytic current density for the production of CO owing to the enhanced ion mobility in combination with the silver electrode. Further, the ECO2R activity of molecular catalysts Ni(cyclam)Cl2 and iron tetraphenylsulfonato porphyrin (FeTPPS) on carbon cloth electrode maintained high Faradaic efficiencies for CO in the presence of the IL. This study presents best practices for examining non-traditional multifunctional electrolytes amenable to integrated CO2 capture and conversion technologies for homogenous and heterogenous ECO2R.
Eco-consciencia sobre la protección del suelo en la institución educativa Los Andes, del departamento de Nariño
Authors: Tapia Paola Andrea , Bucheli Guepud Javier Adalberto , García Noguera Luis Juan Carlos
Published: December 2023

La investigación propone estrategias pedagógicas para fomentar la ecoconsciencia sobre la protección del suelo con los estudiantes de la institución educativa Los Andes, del resguardo indígena de San Juan. Para ello, desde el enfoque cualitativo, enmarcado en la investigación-acción, se procedió a identificar las acciones orientadas a proteger los suelos existentes en la comunidad. También se estableció el estado de eco-consciencia en los estudiantes, se fomentó a través del desarrollo de estrategias pedagógicas y se evaluó una vez hecha la intervención con el uso de las estrategias. El trabajo visibilizó la poca consciencia ambiental por parte de la comunidad educativa a causa de la falta de conocimiento, por una parte, y de la premura del tiempo y la necesidad de costos, por otra parte. Estos hallazgos permitieron concluir que, en busca del reconocimiento de la problemática y de las afectaciones de este recurso natural, es necesario fomentar la eco-consciencia en los alumnos mediante la implementación de estrategias pedagógicas que permitan cuidar, recuperar y preservar el ecosistema para así mejorar la estabilidad del suelo.
Photography in dentistry
Authors: Vygneshwarr V. , Suganya R. , H. Thamizh Chelvan
Published: December 2023

Photography's role in dentistry has become an indispensable part and has become a necessity rather than an option. The growth of photography and its impact on dentistry has always been increasing over the decades. The role played by it in various specialties of dentistry and its effect on providing good quality treatment and improved patient care is huge. It helps to formulate a good sense of communication between the dentist and the patient, enabling the patient to trust completely. Photography also plays a major role in treatment planning, evaluating, documenting, publishing, and marketing.
Imaging for rootform implants
Authors: Pavithra B. , Rathinavel Pandian M. , Venkatakrishnan C. J. , Narasimman M. , Tamizhesai B. , Navinbharathy M.
Published: December 2023

The primary objective of this paper is to explore the diverse range of radiographic imaging techniques available for implant diagnosis and treatment planning. Pre-placement examination heavily relies on the utilization of these imaging modalities, as they play a critical role in ensuring the success of dental implant restorations by providing comprehensive diagnostic information about the patient's orofacial bony structures. Advancements in radiographic imaging have revolutionized the field of implant dentistry, offering dental professionals a wide array of imaging options to assess and plan implant procedures accurately. Having access to a variety of radiographic imaging techniques empowers dental practitioners to make well-informed decisions during implant treatment planning. It ensures that the implant procedure is tailored to the patient's unique anatomy and increases the chances of long-term success for dental implant restorations.
Dental implants and the growing patient – A successful implant insertion and implant support prosthesis in a young boy
Authors: Gopianandan A.
Published: December 2023

The case report included here describes a successful implant insertion and, six years later, the presentation of a permanent prosthesis case. A 13-year-old boy experienced a traumatic dental injury during a playful altercation with his classmate in the classroom. The boy was examined by a dentist, who took an OPG and recommended extraction of the fractured right maxillary central incisor. The dentist also suggested an implant prosthesis for both the right and left incisors, as they were avulsed as a result of the same injury. Since the fractured right central incisor was severely mobile, the decision was made to extract it and plan for an implant prosthesis for both central incisors. After thoroughly studying the recommendations and cautions outlined in the aforementioned articles, approximately a week later, two implants were inserted, one on each side. These implants had a diameter of 3.3mm and a length of 10mm. Although ensuring that the initial stability was satisfactory, one of the implant fixtures came loose, and a temporary crown was placed on the other one. However, it also came out because implants were ordered from a turner who manufactured them using a manual lathe. Subsequently, implants with a 3.4mm diameter were requested and affixed in the prepared osteotomy. A heatcured acrylic crown was fabricated and placed. The patient would visit regularly every six months, inquiring about the permanent crown. However, it was always postponed. Finally, when he turned 19 years old and was in his first year of engineering, he insisted on receiving the permanent crowns. Consequently, exactly six years after the initial insertion, the permanent Porcelain-Fused-to-Metal (PFM) crown was provided to him.
The Implications of Nudging to Encourage Pro-Environmental Behaviour:
The Moderating Effects of Biospheric Values and Carbon Footprints
Authors:   , Drummond Jack
Published: December 2023

Behaviour change is a crucial tool for mitigating climate change, but it should be applied ethically and equitably. Nudge interventions and liberal paternalism have become increasingly popular, but are also subject to various ethical criticisms and challenges. To explore some of these criticisms, this study investigates how pro-environmental nudges, which subtly influence people’s choices without restricting their options, affect decision-making consciousness and climate justice outcomes.

The study draws on dual process theory, which distinguishes between conscious (System 2) and non-conscious (System 1) decision-making, and values theory, which suggests that value-action alignment is associated with conscious choices. Climate justice and equity elements were also included, via individuals’ carbon footprint measurements. Data was collected via an online survey, which included a charity selection question as a proxy measure for pro-environmental behaviour choice. Half of the participants received a neutral charity question, and the other half received a default-framing nudge with the pro-environmental charity presented as the default. The control group showed signs of System 2 decision-making, and biospheric values and carbon footprints correlated with the pro-environmental charity choice. The default-framing nudge was effective at non-consciously encouraging participants to make the pro-environmental choice (95% versus 58% in the control). The treatment group showed signs of System 1 decision-making, and only, carbon footprints correlated with the pro-environmental charity choice. Unlike biospheric values, carbon footprints moderate the effectiveness of a nudge. The nudge was less effective for participants with higher carbon footprints.

The study confirmed that nudges can promote pro-environmental behaviour. However, it highlighted key ethical risks including inequitable results and reduced decision-making consciousness. Future research can benefit from these findings, by acknowledging these risks, and including elements such as carbon footprints to build more holistic, equitable, measures of success.
Compliance with a Low Salt Diet in Elderly Hypertension at the Elderly Posyandu, Gedog Village, Sananwetan District, Blitar City
Authors: Fata Ulfa Husnul , Rahmawati Ayu , Wibisono Wahyu , Putri Raden Roro Dewi Rahmawati Aktyani
Published: December 2023

The problem of elderly hypertension is very complex, especially the problem of a low-salt diet. Non-compliance with hypertension will have a negative impact on the elderly and will cause many complications. This research is a descriptive study that aims to see the adherence to a low-salt diet in hypertensive elderly people. The population in this study were hypertensive elderly at the Srikandi elderly Posyandu and Brontoseno Elderly Posyandu in the Working Area of the Sananwetan Health Center, Gedog Village, Sananwetan District, Blitar City as many as 60 people. The sample in this study is based on the formula for calculating the number of samples, namely as many as 50 people. The sampling technique in this study was simple random sampling. The tools in this study were a respondent characteristics questionnaire and a low-salt diet adherence questionnaire that the researchers made themselves based on references. This research was conducted from April to May 2023. General data in this study included gender, marital status, last education, length of time suffering from hypertension and routine internal pressure control. While the specific data in this study is the adherence diet of hypertensive elderly. The results of this study indicate that almost half of the respondents are less compliant with the low-salt diet, namely 46% (23 respondents) and a small proportion of the respondents are compliant with the low-salt diet, 14% (7 respondents). Based on the results of this study, more in-depth interventions are still needed, especially to increase adherence to a low-salt diet in elderly hypertension
Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Apriliani Esterlita Ayu Putri , Debora Oda , Sutiyarsih Emy , Vinsur Elizabeth Yun Yun
Published: December 2023

Chronic kidney disease results in decreased kidney function in filtering metabolic waste so patients must receive replacement therapy for kidney function, one of which is hemodialysis. Hemodialysis therapy aims to achieve optimal health and a better quality of life. This study aims to determine the relationship between compliance to hemodialysis therapy and the quality of life of chronic kidney disease patients. This type of research is a descriptive correlation with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was 106 respondents using a purposive sampling technique. Statistical test using SPSS statistics 29 with Spearman correlation test. The results showed a p-value of 0.438 > Î± 0.05 so it was concluded that there was no significant relationship between compliance with the quality of life of chronic kidney disease patients. The quality of life tends to be good in the majority of hemodialysis patients because there is positive family, social and environmental support so that patients feel that hemodialysis therapy is not a burden. Quality of life is influenced by 4 components, namely physical, psychological, social, and environmental. Compliance is included in one of the physical components where there are several other components and factors that can support the improvement of the quality of life of hemodialysis patients besides compliance
Monitoring Mean Arterial Preasur (MAP) in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients during The Initial 60 Minutes of Manitol 20%
Authors: Arsa Sandi Alfa Wiga , Rahmawati Anita , Nurmawati Thatit , Rohmawati Heni
Published: December 2023

The effect of manitol 20% on changes in blood pressure after traumatic brain injury is unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in blood pressure before and after the administration of 20% mannitol in traumatic brain injury patients at the Intensive Care Unit. This study is a quasi experimental research which uses a pre-post test without control one group design, a method used in observational analytic techniques. The population of this study were all traumatic brain injury patients who were given a manitol infusion of 20% 100ml, with consecutive sampling technique, obtained 12 samples. With a significance threshold of p 0.05, the test was performed using the Paired T test on systolic and MAP data and the post hoc Wilcoxon test on diastolic data.Â Â  paired t-test systolic p=0.000, MAP p=0,000. Wilcoxon test diastolic p=0,002. Decreasing blood pressure 15 minutes after administration of 20% mannitol occurs because half live mannitol which lowers blood pressure and responds to decreased blood pressure autoregulation, at 30 minutes resulting in decreased intra-cranial pressure, improves cerebral perfusion and brain autoregulation that affects systemic blood pressure 60 changes in blood pressure may be due to diuresis effects. During the administration of mannitol there is a change in blood pressure that needs to be monitored
ORTAÇAĞ SEYYAH VE COĞRAFYACI ANLATILARINDA ZEHİR, PANZEHİR VE ZEHİRLE SUİKAST
Authors: KAVAK Mehmet
Published: December 2023

Zehir, geçmişten günümüze kadar daha ziyade suikast amacıyla kullanılagelmiş bir maddedir. Tarihte zehir ve çeşitleri konusunda bilgi veren çok sayıda müstakil eserin yanı sıra zehir konusu bir bölüm veya başlık şeklinde de ele alınmıştır. Ortaçağa dair seyahatname ve coğrafya türü eserlerde aktarılan zehir anekdotlarını müstakil zehir kitaplarından ayıran özellik ise genel bir zehir anlatımından ziyade anlatıların bu konunun uzmanı olmayan seyyahlar ve coğrafyacılar tarafından işlenmesi, sadece satır aralarında geçiyor olması ve genelde duyuma dayalı olmasıdır. Zehirbilim alanında üstün bilgelikleri ile tanınan Hint hekimlerinin bu konudaki bilgisinin tercümeler yoluyla Ortaçağ bilginlerine aktarıldığı ve bu konuda eserler kaleme alındığı bilinmektedir. Ortaçağ hekim ve botanikçilerinin yanı sıra aktarımlarından hareketle seyyahların, coğrafyacıların ve tarih kronikçilerinin de zehir konusuna ilgi duydukları ve bu konuda duyup işittiklerini kaleme aldıkları anlaşılmaktadır. Seyyah, coğrafyacı ve benzer tür kronikçilerin zehirler konusundaki detayları incelendiğinde zehirleri bitkisel, hayvansal ve kimyasal olmak üzere üç yönüyle ele aldıkları, panzehirlerden bahsettikleri ve farklı zehirleme usullerinden hareketle yapılan suikastlar ve işlenen cinayetler hakkında detaylar verdikleri görülmektedir.
Re-reading of the Akhlāṭ Pasha Khātūn Inscription: Tombstone of a Fourteenth-Century Ŗōzhikī Princess
Authors: GENÇ Vural , DEHQAN Mustafa
Published: December 2023

Interest in the group of inscriptions now referred to as ‘Akhlāṭ tombstones’ was mainly revived in 1972 by the reading and interpretation of some inscriptions of the tombstones at Akhlāṭ Meydanlık Cemetery. These readings, accompanied by breakthroughs in the decipherment of the script, allowed the inscriptions to be read for the first time. Although some inscriptions are complete, the reading and linguistic content of the majority of the inscriptions remain largely obscure. In this brief note, a re-reading is put forward concerning the tombstone of Pasha Khātūn, a fourteenth-century Ŗōzhikī princess of Bidlīs. It underscores the importance of the inscriptions and tombstones found in Bidlīs for cross-verifying information with other contemporary sources.
Lafora disease in a Chihuahua dog: a case report
Authors: Davitkov Dajana , Nesic Vladimir , Marinkovic Darko , Davitkov Darko , Loncar Zoran , Delic Aleksandar , Anicic Milan
Published: December 2023

The aging process is still not fully understood, although it has been studied for centuries. One of the processes in the brain during aging is the accumulation of extracellular and intracellular deposits of amyloid and lipofuscin. Deposits of various polyglucosan bodies (PGBs) are also found in brain tissue. The accumulation of the Lafora bodies (LB), a type of PGBs, can cause the Lafora disease (LD). Initial signs of the disease in humans are tonic-clonic seizures with blindness and myoclonus seizures. Normally, all haematological and biochemical indices are within the reference range in dogs with this disease. In this case, a 7-year-old Chihuahua dog with tonic-clonic seizures was presented. According to history, neurological examination, and blood test, toxic, metabolic, and infectious causes for the seizures were ruled out. The dog was started on phenobarbital 2.5 mg/kg twice daily per os. Two years later, the dog died due to complications caused by a duodenal foreign body. Postmortem examination revealed hyperaemic meninges and an enlarged, oedematous brain with flattened gyri and narrowed sulci. Histopathological examination revealed multifocal to diffuse, randomly distributed PGBs that were positive on periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. The diagnosis of LD in dogs is of great importance because they are a good experimental model for neurological studies of neurodegenerative diseases in humans.
Keeping primates as pets in the Czech Republic
Authors: Volfová Martina , Voslářová Eva , Večerek Vladimír
Published: December 2023

Primates belong to the most endangered groups of animals on Earth and their keeping in captivity is usually associated with the need to protect endangered species and create a viable reserve population. However, primates are also kept as pets. The aim of the study was to assess the species and numbers of primates kept in the Czech Republic as pets; for comparison, the species and numbers of primates kept in Czech zoos were also monitored. According to the CITES register, a total of 7,708 primates of 79 species from nine families were kept in both types of facilities (data valid as of 31 December 2020). Of these, 3,821 individuals were kept as pets and 3,877 in zoos. The most commonly kept species were the western pygmy marmoset, common marmoset, golden-handed tamarin, Guianan squirrel monkey from the Cebidae family, ring-tailed lemurs and black-and-white ruffed lemur from the Lemuridae family, mandrill, guereza, Japanese macaque, and bonnet macaque from the Cercopithecidae family. No primates of the Hominidae and Atelidae families were recorded in the case of pet keeping. The results show that in the Czech Republic, the number of primates kept as pets is comparable to their numbers in zoos. However, the question is whether this is a positive finding, given the difficulty of creating conditions for pet primates that meet their requirements, and also given that the contribution of pet keeping to the preservation of their population on Earth is questionable.
Effects of chestnut wood extract and flubendazole on small intestinal morphometry and mucin layer and peripheral blood leukocytes in the pheasant (Phasianus colchicus)
Authors: Čechová Michaela , Levkut Martin , Levkutová Mária , Dvorožňaková Emília , Selecká Emília , Mudroňová Dagmar , Szabóová Renáta , Herich Róbert , Revajová Viera
Published: December 2023

The study examined leukocytes and subpopulation of lymphocytes in peripheral blood, lymphoproliferative activity, morphology of intestine including mucus barrier in pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) after treatment with flubendazole (Flimabend®) and natural extract from sweet chestnut wood (Farmatan®). A total of 24 six-month-old female pheasants were divided into 4 groups (n = 6). The FL group received flubendazole per os 100 mg/g suspension in 1.43 mg of active substance/kg body weight during 7 days of experiment. The CW group received chestnut wood extract per os at a 0.2% concentration for 6 h per day during 5 days (experimental days from 3 to 7). The FL+CW group received a combination of doses administered in the same way as for the first two groups. The control C group received administration with no active substance. The results in our trial demonstrated a mild inflammatory effect on leukocytes, lymphocytes, heterophils, eosinophils (P < 0.05), and an increase of CD8+ cells in peripheral blood after administration of flubendazole (P < 0.05). On the other hand, administration of chestnut wood extract containing tannins revealed an anti-inflammatory effect on immunocompetent cells (P < 0.05). Enhanced lymphoproliferative activity of T and B lymphocytes was observed in chestnut wood extract groups (P < 0.001). Increased total jejunal thickness of mucus (P < 0.001) and increased production of MUC-2 (P < 0.01) was found in the CW group. Body weight was not different between the trial groups. Results indicate that chestnut wood extract can be administered as a preventive immunomodulatory substance reducing inflammatory process as well as an adjuvant in treatment with anthelmintics in pheasants.
Bacteria trapping effectivity on nanofibre membrane in liquids is exponentially dependent on the surface density
Authors: Varvařovská Leontýna , Sopko Bruno , Divín Radek , Pashschenko Aleksei , Fedačko Jan , Sabo Jan , Nečas Alois , Amler Evžen , Jarošíková Taťána
Published: December 2023

Protection against water- and air-borne bacteria as well as their detection at very low levels is a big challenge for the health care profession. The study’s main goal was to prepare bacterial filters with a tunable trapping effectivity. We revealed that the trapping efficiency ofEscherichia coliestimated from the optical density of bacteria passed through the filter was exponentially dependent on the surface density of the polyacrylonitrile nanofibre membranes. This log/linear regression profile was proven for bacterial trapping efficiency higher than 99.9% which opens a door for easy and tunable constructions of ultrasensitive filters and/or nanosensors as well as for the standardization and quality control of nanofibre membranes.
Within-diver variability in venous gas emboli (VGE) following repeated dives
Authors:   Navy Experimental Diving Unit, Panama City, Florida, USA, Doolette David J ,   Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Auckland, New Zealand, Murphy F Gregory ,   Navy Experimental Diving Unit, Panama City, Florida, USA
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Venous gas emboli (VGE) are widely used as a surrogate endpoint instead of decompression sickness (DCS) in studies of decompression procedures. Peak post-dive VGE grades vary widely following repeated identical dives but little is known about how much of the variability in VGE grades is proportioned between-diver and within-diver. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 834 man-dives on six dive profiles with post-dive VGE measurements was conducted under controlled laboratory conditions. Among these data, 151 divers did repeated dives on the same profile on two to nine occasions separated by at least one week (total of 693 man-dives). Data were analysed for between- and within-diver variability in peak post-dive VGE grades using mixed-effect models with diver as the random variable and associated intraclass correlation coefficients. Results: Most divers produced a wide range of VGE grades after repeated dives on the same profile. The intraclass correlation coefficient (repeatability) was 0.33 indicating that 33% of the variability in VGE grades is between-diver variability; correspondingly, 67% of variability in VGE grades is within-diver variability. DCS cases were associated with an individual diver’s highest VGE grades and not with their lower VGE grades. Conclusions: These data demonstrate large within-diver variability in VGE grades following repeated dives on the same dive profile and suggest there is substantial within-diver variability in susceptibility to DCS. Post-dive VGE grades are not useful for evaluating decompression practice for individual divers.
Analysis of sorption/desorption of cadmium and lead in the legal amazon soils
Authors: Rocha Nicoly , Mahler Claudio
Published: December 2023

Sorption and desorption tests were carried out for competitive and non-competitive systems with isotherms to verify the presence of Cd and Pb in soils. The soils investigated were: (i) with natural content of organic matter and (ii) with residual content of organic matter. Hydrated nitrate salts of Cd and Pb diluted in 0.01 M calcium nitrate solution in six concentrations were used for the Cd solutions and, for the solutions of Pb, five concentrations. For multielement solutions, mixtures of the simple Cd and Pb solutions in a 1:1 ratio were used. The results of the first stage tests (i) showed good adjustments of the experimental data to the isotherms of Langmuir, Freundlich and Linear, which did not occur for the tests in stage (ii). According to the tests (i), the organic matter was the soil attribute of dominant influence in the sorting mechanisms. The parameters Qo and Kd were adequate to evaluate the adsorption of the studied metals, especially Cd. In step (ii), there was a significant increase in metal retention, especially for element Pb in the samples of Haplic Cambisol (AM) and Red-Yellow Latosol1 (RO), justified by the combined action of (1) increasing the surface area of the mineral fraction, previously covered by organic matter; and (2) increase in soil pH. The Cd element was more bioavailable in relation to the Pb. This was confirmed by the high desorption values observed for Cd. The samples of Haplic Cambisol and Red-Yellow Latosol demonstrated greater capacity to retain Cd and Pb.
The Confirmed Stranding of an Adult Female Risso's Dolphin, Grampus griseus (G. Cuvier, 1812), in the northeastern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: AYAS Deniz , ÇİFTÇİ Nuray , TANIŞ Yekta
Published: December 2023

The study aimed to report a confirmed stranding record of an adult female Risso’s dolphin (Grampus griseus) from the northeastern Mediterranean Sea. This species is classified as "Least Concern" in the Mediterranean by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The individual, which was first seen alive from the Erdemli shores of Mersin Bay on 10 April 2023, was tried to push back into the water after being stranded ashore. After the individual died, the corpse was brought to Mersin University Marine Life Museum for external examination. It was determined that the individual weighed 360 kg and had a length of 330 cm. Many old and new scars were found on the individual's skin. It was understood that the newly formed deep cut marks on the head area were caused by the individual hitting the fishing nets. The study is the confirmed stranding of an adult female Risso's dolphin record in the northeastern Mediterranean Sea.
Valoración del dominio de competencias digitales en el proceso formativo de estudiantes de licenciatura: percepción de personal académico del área de educación de la UAT.
Authors: Ruiz Olivares Noel , Leal Ríos Fernando , Hernández Ramírez Mauricio , Ruiz Méndez Manuel
Published: December 2023

A partir del desarrollo que han tenido en las últimas dos décadas y media las tecnologías digitales, se vuelve necesario que el profesorado desarrolle su competencia digital como una necesidad requerida en la labor docente del siglo XXI. El presente trabajo muestra información de una investigación desarrollada en la Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, en la que participaron 63 docentes de tres programas educativos: Licenciado en Tecnología Educativa, Licenciado en Ciencias de la Educación y Licenciado en Educación Artística, con relación a la competencia digital docente en los procesos de formación profesional de estudiantes con perfiles de egreso en educación. Los resultados evidencian que la percepción del profesorado sobre su dominio en la competencia digital para promover el uso adecuado de recursos digitales en los procesos de planeación y desarrollo de contenidos, y en la evaluación de aprendizajes, así como para facilitar la competencia digital de estudiantes, se ubica en un nivel medio y medio alto; mientras que, en la competencia sobre la pedagogía digital, perciben tenerla en un nivel medio alto y alto. Lo que significa que, en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, el profesorado usa de manera integral las competencias digitales y promueven el desarrollo en sus estudiantes.
De la educación presencial a la educación virtual: efectos en las estudiantes universitarias del estado de Tamaulipas durante el COVID-19.
Authors: Guzmán Acuña Josefina , Guzmán Acuña Teresa de Jesús
Published: December 2023

Lo ocurrido el 31 de marzo del 2020 cuando el Gobierno de México decretó en el Diario Oficial de la Federación, se realizó el cierre obligatorio de las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) y escuelas de todo el país, trasladando todo el trabajo educativo a la casa (DOF, 2020). Mucho se ha comentado y abordado las transformaciones que trajo consigo la transición de la educación presencial a la educación virtual. El objetivo de este proyecto de investigación es analizar los efectos en el contexto familiar y personal ocasionados por la pandemia de COVID-19 en las actividades escolares de las estudiantes del Estado de Tamaulipas.
El diseño de investigación es mixto (Tashakkori y Creswell, 2007), cualitativa y cuantitativa que nos permite tener una visión más completa del fenómeno a estudiar. Por la parte cualitativa, se aplicaron entrevistas a profundidad a las estudiantes, y por la parte cuantitativa un cuestionario para las estudiantes. Los resultados han dado cuenta las condiciones físicas y de acceso a tecnología a las que las estudiantes se enfrentaron para acceder a la educación la línea establecida por las IES para continuar con las clases durante el confinamiento, pero que en definitiva prefieren la presencialidad.
Justicia alternativa en los mecanismos de solución de controversias
Authors: Silva-Hernández Francisca
Published: December 2023

La justica alternativa es una opción, a problemas civiles, familiares, mercantiles y en casos no graves penales, que surgen ante la necesidad de agilizar los procesos judiciales, y resolver de manera rápida el conflicto en cuestión, accediendo a una justicia más equitativa a las partes involucradas. Las MACS son mecanismos gratuitos, en los cuales las partes voluntariamente acuerdan iniciar este proceso, surge como posibilidad de negociación entre las partes en conflicto, atendiendo a las partes y hacerlas sentir escuchadas. La finalidad de este documento es presentar a la justicia alternativa como una herramienta del nuevo sistema de justicia para la resolución de conflictos, cuya intención es que a través del diálogo encuentren un acuerdo entre los interesados mediante la comunicación, la cooperación, y la voluntad.
WEIGHTED MATRIX INDEX: A TOOL TO DECODE THE INTERCONNECTEDNESS OF SOCIO-CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS, URBAN CONTEXT AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Raina Shanu , Madapur Bhagyalaxmi Subhas Madapur
Published: December 2023

The ever-changing nature of our urban fabric reflects the complex cultural and socio – economic environment we live in. Globalization has brought with it a shift in the way we view our cities, from traditional urban forms that consider the wisdom and skills of our ancestors to analytical diagrams largely used to facilitate urban development. While this has resulted in a more efficient and convenient urban environment, it has also led to an insensitive and unresponsive urban fabric. Fortunately, there are examples of urban forms that have managed to preserve their significance over a long period of time, while still being adapted to the changing cultural and socio – economic contexts. These examples prove that it is possible to create places that are both timeless and responsive to the needs of the present and serve as inspirations for cities of the future. The purpose of this research study is to examine the role of design in shaping the continuity and change of urban fabric. Specifically, this paper investigates the relationship between contextual factors and design decisions that contribute to the evolution of the built environment in urban areas set in unique contexts. Within this framework, this paper aims to intricately compare and contrast Rome and Bhutan as distinctive urban environments, each situated within its own unique settings. This research study has used an approach that combines analysis of development processes, observation notes, documentary reports, published literature, and studies of case examples to investigate the relationship between design decisions and the continual change in the urban fabric. This factor, in particular underpins the relationship between the built environment and socio-cultural expressions that inform contextually appropriate design. A tool (weighted index matrix) for deciphering the interconnectedness between socio-cultural expressions, urban settings, and built environments was developed as a result of the research study. Further, the matrix index has been applied for the two select case examples and the results have been evaluated and analyzed.
Study of the Preference Value of High-Fiber Crackers
Authors: Patrisiya Berta , Rosida Dedin Finatsiyatull , Wicaksono Luqman Agung
Published: December 2023

Crackers are a type of biscuit made from hard dough that has been fermented. They are flat, have a salty taste, have a crunchy texture, and have layers when broken. Fermentation time influences the product's appearance, aroma, and nutritional quality. The Indonesian population does not consume enough fiber, which can increase obesity rates. Dietary fiber is contained in mocaf flour, red bean flour, and rice bran. The research aims to determine the proportion of wheat flour, mocaf flour, red bean flour, and rice bran with variations in fermentation time, on the preference value of crackers. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), arranged factorially with 2 factors. Factor I is the ratio of wheat flour, mocaf flour, red bean flour, and rice bran 70:21:4.5:4.5; 70:15:7.5:7.5; and 70:9:10.5:10.5. Factor II fermentation time 20 minutes; 40 minutes; and 60 minutes. The best treatment is crackers with a ratio of 70:21:4.5:4.5 with 40 minutes of fermentation. It has a color score of 3.38 (brownish yellow), an aroma score of 3.36 (normal), a taste score of 3.40 (normal), and a texture score of 3.36 (normal).