bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTRA‐INDIVIDUAL PLANT RESPONSE TO MOOSE BROWSING: FEEDBACK LOOPS AND IMPACTS ON MULTIPLE CONSUMERS
Authors: Stolter C.
Published: May 2008

Salix phylicifolia responds to moose browsing with an intra‐individual plant response. This plant–animal system is characterized by complex changes in plant chemistry and plant morphology which in turn lead to differences in feeding strategies of future consumers.

I postulate that the willow Salix phylicifolia has developed a two‐level strategy which results in two different types of twigs (new annual shoots) after moose browsing in winter. This strategy enables the plant to protect reproductive organs by offering two chemically different twigs to herbivores, with catkins concentrated on the less preferred twigs. In addition, it may enable plants to grow out of the reach of browsers. New growth of browsed and unbrowsed twigs on the same individual willow differed in morphology and chemical composition (intra‐individual response). New growth from browsed twigs had lower concentrations of individual phenolics, a higher biomass (twigs and leaves), and lower concentrations of nitrogen in leaves than the new growth of unbrowsed twigs. This response resulted in a positive feedback loop for moose, which typically rebrowsed the new growth of browsed twigs, whereas the new growth of unbrowsed twigs was avoided. This feeding behavior was consistent for leaf stripping by moose in summer and pruning of twigs in winter. I found no differences in the feeding behavior of herbivorous insects on the leaves growing on the new annual shoots of either browsed or unbrowsed twigs. The new growth of unbrowsed twigs, which were protected by different specific phenolics, had more catkins than the new growth of browsed twigs. In an interindividual comparison, the number of catkins on browsed willows was reduced. Hence, browsing has an impact on willow reproduction and pollinators. Consequently, large herbivores such as moose are likely to be a driving force in shaping patterns of plant response and plant and consumer communities.
Weak MV-algebras
Authors: Halaš Radomír , Plojhar Luboš
Published: May 2008

In a recent paper [CHAJDA, I.—KÜHR, J.: A non-associative generalization of MV-algebras, Math. Slovaca 57, (2007), 301–312], authors introduced and studied a non-associative generalization of MV-algebras called NMV-algebras. In contrast to MV-algebras, sections (i.e. principal filters) in NMV-algebras which are proper (i.e. are not MV-algebras), do not admit a structure of an NMV-algebra with respect to the operations defined in a natural way. The aim of the paper is to present a new class of algebras generalizing MV-algebras but sharing the above property.
Advancing in the presence of a demon
Authors: Louchard Guy , Prodinger Helmut
Published: May 2008

We study a parameter that contains approximate counting, i.e., the level reached after n random increments, driven by geometric probabilities, and insertion costs for tries as special cases. We are able to compute all moments of this parameter in a semi-automatic fashion. This is another showcase of the machinery developed in an earlier paper of these authors. Roughly speaking, it works when the underlying distributions are distributed according to the Gumbel distribution, or something similar.
Primes of the form x
2 + (x + 1)2. Proper divisors of composites of the same form
Authors: Zachariou Andreas , Tsangaris Panayiotis
Published: May 2008

The aim of the present paper is to characterize prime numbers of the form n = x
2 + (x + 1)2 and to obtain certain proper divisors of composite numbers of the same form, i.e. divisors d of n such that 1 < d < n.
Design concepts for broadband high–efficiency DOEs
Authors: Kleemann B. H. , Seeßelberg M. , Ruoff J.
Published: May 2008

Several design–concepts are presented for so–called efficiency achromatized diffractive optical elements (EA–DOEs) possessing a diffraction efficiency larger than 97% over a broad spectral range. We start with tracing two different methods for surface relief profiles well known from the literature: common depth and multilayer EA–DOEs. Successively we present the following new approaches together with design parameters and performance properties: 1) gradient–index EA–DOEs, 2) sub–wavelength EA–DOEs, and 3) a so–called cut–and–paste strategy. All designs are based on scalar assumptions and certain necessary dispersion relations of two different materials. The scalar assumption is no real limitation as the minimum zone width of our main application, the correction of chromatic aberrations, is 50 … 100 times the wavelength. From aforementioned relations, design parameters as profile heights are derived and the resulting diffraction efficiency can be deduced. Moreover, for the multilayer and for the GRIN EA–DOEs we are able to show that if the dispersion relations of the materials can be accurately described by second order Cauchy series, the efficiency becomes generic and will be the same regardless of which materials are chosen.
Primary prevention of occupational asthma: identifying and controlling exposures to asthma‐causing agents
Authors: Quint Julia , Beckett William S. , Campleman Sharan L. , Sutton Patrice , Prudhomme Janice , Flattery Jennifer , Harrison Robert , Cowan Barbara , Kreutzer Richard
Published: May 2008

Background

Primary prevention of occupational asthma requires timely identification and regulation of asthma‐causing agents.

Methods

We examined 39 substances identified as causing allergic occupational asthma in the US to determine the basis for their identification and their regulatory status. We compared them with occupational asthmagens identified and regulated in the UK and Germany.

Results

US regulatory agencies have not established consistent, evidence‐based methods to identify and control exposures to substances that cause occupational asthma. Occupational asthmagens are identified primarily by non‐regulatory US organizations, and most are not regulated to prevent asthma.

Conclusions

Implementing an evidence‐based identification and regulatory process for occupational asthmagens will help to ensure primary prevention of occupational asthma in the US. This should include: establishing consistent identification criteria; publishing a list of occupational asthmagens; collecting use, exposure, and health effects information on asthma‐causing substances; requiring medical surveillance and medical removal protection in addition to exposure limits; and stimulating development of safer alternatives. Am. J. Ind. Med. 51:477–491, 2008. Published 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Beryllium sensitization and lung function among former workers at the Nevada Test Site
Authors: Rodrigues Ema G. , McClean Michael D. , Weinberg Janice , Pepper Lewis D.
Published: May 2008

Background

Beryllium use at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) was not acknowledged until the late 1990's. Subsequently, the ongoing U.S. DOE funded medical screening program, which began in 1998, started testing former workers of the NTS for beryllium sensitization (BeS) in 2001 to identify individuals who may be at higher risk of developing chronic beryllium disease (CBD).

Methods

An observational study was conducted to identify work‐related factors associated with the odds of having BeS. Work history questionnaires were administered and principal components analysis was used to identify categories of related tasks associated with BeS.

Results

Of the 1,786 former workers tested for BeS, 23 had a confirmed positive result. An increased risk of BeS was found among workers who performed cleanup (OR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.10, 6.56) and those who worked in Building B where beryllium parts were machined (OR = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.02, 6.19), though no significant increased risk was found when categories of related tasks were used. Additionally, the number of years worked at the NTS was associated with increased risk of BeS. There was no difference in pulmonary function, chest X‐ray abnormalities, or respiratory symptoms between those who were sensitized and normal.

Conclusions

The prevalence of BeS among former workers of the NTS who participated in our screening program was 1.3%. Former workers who performed specific job tasks may be at greater risk of developing BeS. Am. J. Ind. Med. 51:512–523, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chiral Olefins as Steering Ligands in Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Defieber Christian , Grützmacher Hansjörg , Carreira Erick M.
Published: May 2008

Metal‐catalyzed asymmetric processes offer one of the most straightforward ways to introduce stereogenic centers. Hence, the development of novel chiral ligands that can effectively induce asymmetry in reactions is crucial in modern organic synthesis. While many established chiral ligands bind to a metal through heteroatoms, structures that coordinate to metals through carbon atoms have received little attention so far. Here, we highlight the increasing number of such chiral chelating olefin ligands as well as their application in a variety of metal‐catalyzed transformations.
Kinetics of emulsion polymerization of styrene using the reactive surfactant HITENOL BC20
Authors: Lai Zhen , Sudol E. David , Dimonie Victoria L. , El‐Aasser Mohamed S.
Published: May 2008

The effect of the reactive surfactant HITENOL BC20 (polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether ammonium sulfate; 20 U of ethylene oxide (EO)) on the emulsion polymerization of styrene was studied via reaction calorimetry (Mettler RC1; 70°C). For polymerizations carried out above the cmc of BC20, the reaction kinetics and evolution of the number of particles (Np) resembled those reported using the conventional surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate, indicating that nucleation proceeded by a combination of micellar and homogenous nucleation (Interval I and Stage 2). The reaction rate (Rp) not only increased with increasing initiator (K2S2O8) and surfactant concentrations, as expected, but the increase in rate in Stage 2 was dependent on the initiator concentration and independent of the surfactant concentration. This is consistent with the proposed nucleation mechanisms. The molecular weight increased with increasing surfactant concentration and decreasing initiator concentration as would also be expected for a conventional surfactant. The dependencies of Rp and Np on the BC20 and initiator concentrations, however, were lower than the classical Smith‐Ewart values (Rp ∝ [E]0.47–0.52; Rp ∝ [I]0.21–0.25) although Rp was found to be directly proportional to Np. Chain transfer to the reactive surfactant is considered a likely source of divergence. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Effect of formulation factors on incorporation of the hydrophilic peptide dalargin into PLGA and mPEG‐PLGA nanoparticles
Authors: Chen Y. , Wang F. , Benson H. A. E.
Published: May 2008

The objective of this study was to examine formulation factors that influence the incorporation of the hydrophilic peptide dalargin into poly(D, L‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) and methoxy‐polyethylene glycol (mPEG)‐PLGA nanoparticles. In particular, the effect of ionic additives and nanoparticle method of preparation on the incorporation of dalargin and resultant nanoparticle properties was investigated. Biodegradable nanoparticles were prepared from mPEG‐PLGA and PLGA by both solvent evaporation and solvent diffusion methods with inclusion of ionic additives of dextran sulphate (DS), sulfobutyl ether‐β‐cyclodextrin (SB‐CD), or sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The resultant nanoparticles were analyzed for their mean particle size and size distribution, zeta‐potential, peptide loading, yield, and morphology. The inclusion of ionic additives in the nanoparticle formulation significantly influenced dalargin entrapment efficiency (EE). For example, with the PLGA/SDS formulation EE increased from 13.3% to 91.2% and from 4.1% to 68.6% with the solvent diffusion and evaporation methods, respectively. The inclusion of ionic surfactant SDS has also lead to the formation of smaller size of nanoparticles. Isothermal titration microcalorimetry revealed a strong interaction between dalargin and DS, medium level interaction with SDS, and weak interaction with SB‐CD. The results of this study suggest that a strong ionic interaction between peptides and additives may lead to enhanced peptide incorporation but also increased particle size. Intermediate ionic interaction, especially when it is associated with the formation of reversed micelles in a hydrophobic polymer solution, could be used to enhance the incorporation of hydrophilic peptides in PLGA and mPEG‐PLGA nanoparticles. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 90: 644–650, 2008.

This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
ChemInform Abstract: Anion Vacancy Ordering in Sr7Mn4O15‐x Phases.
Authors: O'Malley Michelle , Lockett Michelle A. , Hayward Michael A.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cs4P2Se10: A New Compound Discovered with the Application of Solid‐State and High Temperature NMR.
Authors: Gave Matthew A. , Canlas Christian G. , Chung In , Iyer Ratnasabapathy G. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , Weliky David P.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structures and DFT Calculations on Alkaline‐Earth Metal Azide‐Crown Ether Complexes.
Authors: Brown Michael D. , Davis Martin F. , Dyke John M. , Ferrante Francesco , Levason William , Ogden J. Steven , Webster Michael
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure and Physical Properties of the New Uranium Ternary Phase U3Co2Ge7.
Authors: Bobev Svilen , Bauer Eric D. , Ronning Filip , Thompson Joe D. , Sarrao John L.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mn3+ Stabilization in Complex Phosphate—Fluoride Fluxes and Its Incorporation into Langbeinite Framework.
Authors: Ogorodnyk Ivan V. , Zatovsky Igor V. , Baumer Vyacheslav N. , Slobodyanik Nikolay S. , Shishkin Oleg V. , Vorona Igor P.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Amidoalkyl Imidazol‐2‐yl‐ylidene Ligands and Their Application to Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition.
Authors: Moore Theo , Merzouk Mahboub , Williams Neil
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Catalyzed Cross‐Couplings under Ligandless Conditions.
Authors: Tao Chuan Zhou , Li Juan , Cui Xin , Fu Yao , Guo Qing Xiang
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Catalytic Aldol Reaction and Condensation Through in situ Boron “Ate” Complex Enolate Generation in Water.
Authors: Aelvoet Karel , Batsanov Andrei S. , Blatch Alexandrea J. , Grosjean Christophe , Patrick Leonard G. F. , Smethurst Christian A. , Whiting Andrew
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling of Benzylic Carbonates with Heteroarylboronic Acids.
Authors: Kuwano Ryoichi , Yu Jung‐Yi
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: LiNTf2‐Catalyzed Aminolysis of Lactones with Stoichiometric Quantities of Amines.
Authors: Lalli Claudia , Trabocchi Andrea , Menchi Gloria , Guarna Antonio
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Virtually Complete (E)‐Selective α,β‐Unsaturated Ester Synthesis by Hg(OTf)2‐Catalyzed Hydration of sec‐Ethoxyalkynyl Acetate.
Authors: Nishizawa Mugio , Hirakawa Hiroko , Nakagawa Yuki , Yamamoto Hirofumi , Namba Kosuke , Imagawa Hiroshi
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfonic Acid Based Cation‐Exchange Resin: A Novel Proton Source for One‐Pot Diazotization—Iodination of Aromatic Amines in Water.
Authors: Filimonov Victor D. , Semenischeva Nadya I. , Krasnokutskaya Elena A. , Tretyakov Alexei N. , Hwang Ho Yun , Chi Ki‐Whan
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Addition of Organometallic Reagents to N‐Formylimines Using Monodentate Phosphoramidite Ligands.
Authors: Pizzuti Maria Gabriella , Minnaard Adriaan J. , Feringa Ben L.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Catalyst Systems Using Iron Complexes with a Tetradentate PNNP Ligand for the Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Polar Bonds.
Authors: Sui‐Seng Christine , Freutel Friederike , Lough Alan J. , Morris Robert H.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetranuclear BINOL—Titanium Complex in Selective Direct Aldol Additions.
Authors: Schetter Bernd , Ziemer Burkhard , Schnakenburg Gregor , Mahrwald Rainer
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Catalytic System for Enantioselective Michael Addition of Aldehydes to Nitroalkenes in Water.
Authors: Zhu Shaolin , Yu Shouyun , Ma Dawei
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Oxidative Allylation of Morita—Baylis—Hillman Adducts with Allyltrimethylsilane Promoted by Dess—Martin Periodinane/Boron Trifluoride—Diethyl Ether Complex.
Authors: Yadav Jhillu S. , Reddy B. V. Subba , Singh Ashutosh Pratap , Basak Ashok K.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α‐Ketoamides by a Molecular‐Sieves‐Promoted Formal Oxidative Coupling of Aliphatic Aldehydes with Isocyanides.
Authors: Grassot Jean‐Marie , Masson Geraldine , Zhu Jieping
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Alkyl(vinyl)thioethers: A Promising Approach to α‐Chiral Thioesters.
Authors: Meindertsma Alex F. , Pollard Michael M. , Feringa Ben L. , de Vries Johannes G. , Minnard Adriaan J.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Reactions of Arylmalonate Carbanions. The Reaction with Phenyl Isocyanate Resulting in Carbamates by 1,3‐C→N Migration of the Ethoxycarbonyl Group.
Authors: Linchenko O. A. , Krasnova I. Yu. , Petrovskii P. V. , Garbuzova I. A. , Khrustalev V. N. , Gololobov Yu. G.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly ortho‐Selective Cross‐Coupling of Dichlorobenzene Derivatives with Grignard Reagents.
Authors: Ishikawa Shunpei , Manabe Kei
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Gold‐Catalyzed Direct Oxidative Coupling of Non‐Activated Arenes.
Authors: Kar Anirban , Mangu Naveenkumar , Kaiser Hanns Martin , Beller Matthias , Tse Man Kin
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reusable, Polymer‐Supported, Palladium‐Catalyzed, Atom‐Efficient Coupling Reaction of Aryl Halides with Sodium Tetraphenylborate in Water by Focused Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Bai Lin , Wang Jin‐Xian
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Bis(1,3‐benzodithiole)‐Type Redox Systems Containing a Xylyl Rotator Unit: A New Type of Redox‐Responsive Molecular Rotor.
Authors: Uchiyama Yuzuru , Ohta Akira , Fujimori Kunihide
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Four‐Component Reaction for the Generation of Pyrazoles and Pyrimidines.
Authors: Stonehouse Jeffrey P. , Chekmarev Dmitriy S. , Ivanova Natalya V. , Lang Stuart , Pairaudeau Garry , Smith Neal , Stocks Michael J. , Sviridov Sergey I. , Utkina Lyubov M.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Influence of the Structures of α‐Halo Ketones and Thioamides on the Hantzsch Synthesis of Thiazoles and Thiazolo[5,4‐b]indoles. A New Approach to 4‐Acetyl‐2‐methyl‐4H‐thiazolo[5,4‐b]indole.
Authors: Lepeshkin A. Yu. , Turchin K. F. , Sedov A. L. , Velezheva V. S.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Conversion of Friedlaender Reaction of 3‐Amino‐1H‐benzo[f]chromene‐2‐carbonitriles with Cyclohexanone.
Authors: Li Jia Rong , Zhang Li Jun , Yang Xi Quan , Li Qing , Wang Dong , Wang Chun Xia , Shi Da Xin , Zhang Qi
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Regioselective Functionalizations of Quinolines via Magnesiations.
Authors: Boudet Nadege , Lachs Jennifer R. , Knochel Paul
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Imino Diels—Alder Reactions: Efficient Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐4‐(2′‐oxopyrrolidinyl‐1′)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines Catalyzed by Antimony(III) Sulfate.
Authors: Srinivasa Aswathanarayana , Mahadevan Kittappa M. , Hulikal Vijaykumar
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Intramolecular Cyclization of Electron‐Rich Heterocycle Derivatives by a Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Beccalli Egle M. , Broggini Gianluigi , Martinelli Michela , Sottocornola Silvia
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of 5‐ and 6‐Substituted 2‐Phenyl‐3H‐pyrimidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Zanatta Nilo , Fantinel Leonardo , Lourega Rogerio V. , Bonacorso Helio G. , Martins Marcos A. P.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies with Functionally Substituted Enamines: Synthesis of 2‐Aroyl‐3‐dimethylamino‐2‐propenenitrile and Their Reactivity Toward Nitrogen Nucleophiles.
Authors: Al‐Qalaf Fawzia , Abdelkhalik Mervat Mohammed , Al‐Enezi Amal , Al‐Ajmi Johara Rashed
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Ultra‐Short Acting Hypnotic Activity, and Metabolic Profile of Ethyl 8‐Oxo‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐thiazolo[3,2‐a][1,3]diazepin‐3‐carboxylate (HIE‐124).
Authors: Kadi Adnan A. , El‐Kashef Hassan A. , Abdel‐Aziz Alaa A.‐M. , Hassan Ghada S. , Tettey Justice , Grant Mary H. , Lehmann Jochen , El‐Subbagh Hussein I.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiospecific Total Synthesis of Lairdinol A.
Authors: Pardeshi Sandip G. , Ward Dale E.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Iodocyclization Catalyzed by Salen—CrIIICl: Its Synthetic Application to Swainsonine.
Authors: Kwon Hyo Young , Park Chul Min , Lee Sung Bae , Youn Joo‐Hack , Kang Sung Ho
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Pachastrissamine (Jaspine B) (I).
Authors: Passiniemi Mikko , Koskinen Ari M. P.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Approaches for the Total Synthesis of Polyacetylenic (3R,8S)‐Falcarindiol.
Authors: Sabitha Gowravaram , Bhaskar Vangala , Reddy Ch. Srinivas , Yadav Jhillu S.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Rapid Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Sylvone.
Authors: Nasveschuk Christopher G. , Rovis Tomislav
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photophysics of Individual Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Carlson Lisa J. , Krauss Todd D.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure Materials in Fusion Reactors: Issues Related to Tritium, Radioactivity and Radiation‐Induced Effects
Authors: Rubel M.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Syntheses and Synthetic Studies of Spongiane Diterpenes
Authors: Gonzalez Miguel A.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Barton—Zard Pyrrole Synthesis and Its Application to Synthesis of Porphyrins, Polypyrroles and Dipyrromethene Dyes
Authors: Ono Noboru
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfidosilanes: Complex Molecule Systems via Phase Transfer Catalysis
Authors: Backer Michael W. , Gohndrone John M. , Cook Simon D. , Bones Simeon J. , Vaquer‐Perez Raquel
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Flavor Production by Solid and Liquid Fermentation
Authors: Soccol Carlos R. , Medeiros Adriane B. P. , Vandenberghe Luciana P. S. , Woiciechowski Adenise L.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyhedral Heteroborane Clusters for Nanotechnology
Authors: Pichierri Fabio
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Understanding of Heterogeneous Alkene Metathesis Catalysts
Authors: Coperet Christophe
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusually Stable Vinyl Cations
Authors: Mueller Thomas , Margraf Dominik , Syha Yvonne , Nasiri Hamid Reza , Kaiser Christian , Maier Rita , Boltres Bettine , Juhasz Mark , Reed Christopher A.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: DNA‐ and RNA‐Induced Enantioselectivity in Chemical Synthesis
Authors: Roelfes Gerard
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Biologically Active Compounds of Semi‐Metals.
Authors: Rezanka Tomas , Sigler Karel
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: NMR Diffusometry
Authors: Price William S.
Published: May 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor‐suppressor pathway alterations in meningeal hemangiopericytomas: High E2F transcription factor 1 expression and loss of Rb expression
Authors: Martinez Juan‐Carlos , Palomino Julio‐Cesar , Samaniego Rafael , Sepulveda Juan M. , Cabello Ana , Ricoy Jose R.
Published: May 2008

BACKGROUND.

The authors analyzed the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor‐suppressor pathway in meningeal hemangiopericytomas (MHPCs).

METHODS.

Immunohistochemical detection of the Rb pathway proteins (Rb; E2F transcription factor 1 [E2F1]; cyclins D1, D3, and E; cyclin‐dependent kinase 4 [CDK4]; and the CDK4 inhibitor p16/INKa) was followed by double immunofluorescence (DIF) staining and laser‐scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) in 11 MHPC specimens and from 4 specimens of recurrent disease from 1, 2, and 4 recurrences (total, 18 specimens).

RESULTS.

All specimens displayed Rb pathway alterations, including low or negative Rb protein expression (17 specimens), high Rb protein expression (1 specimen), and loss of p16/INK4a expression (17 specimens). High levels of positive cell‐cycle regulators were observed for E2F1 (10 specimens), cyclin E (7 specimens), CDK4 (5 specimens), cyclin D3 (1 specimen), and cyclin D1 (1 specimen). DIF and LSCM revealed no or very weak Rb and E2F1 colocalization, indicating that Rb does not act as a growth suppressor. High levels of human mouse double‐minute 2 (HDM2) expression were observed in a previous study of these tumors, and they displayed colocalization with E2F1 and Rb in the current study, which supports the argument that HDM2 activates E2F1 and inactivates Rb.

CONCLUSIONS.

The current findings demonstrated that loss of Rb and p16/INKa expression and high E2F1 expression indicate impairment of the Rb suppressor pathway. HDM2 colocalization with E2F1 and Rb also indicates that Rb suppressor pathway inactivation and transactivation of DNA synthesis genes may play pathogenic roles in MHPCs. High expression levels of cyclin E, cyclin D1, cyclin D3, and CDK4 were associated with Rb suppressor pathway neutralization. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Straightforward Synthesis of Chiral Silylated Amino Acids through Hydrosilylation
Authors: Marchand Damien , Martinez Jean , Cavelier Florine
Published: May 2008

A method using hydrosilylation of unsaturated amino acids was developed and optimised to obtain silylated amino acids. The platinum (Bu4N)2PtCl6 complex was identified as the best catalyst, and the procedure tolerated different unsaturated substrates, silane reagents and protecting groups. Seven silicon‐containing α‐amino acids were prepared in an enantiomerically pure form under mild conditions in good yields with orthogonal protections for versatile use in peptide synthesis.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Dialkylzinc‐Mediated Atom Transfer Sequential Radical Addition Cyclization
Authors: Feray Laurence , Bertrand Michèle P.
Published: May 2008

Alkylative cycloisomerization of N,N‐diallylpropiolamide into α‐alkylidene‐γ‐lactams was mediated by dialkylzinc reagents in aerobic medium. In the presence of an alkyl iodide, final oxidation by iodine‐atom transfer predominates over reductive zincation. The dialkylzinc‐mediated radical process tolerates the presence of the acidic terminal alkyne. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Phylogenetic position of Brossardia papyracea (Brassicaceae) based on sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA
Authors: Reza Khosravi A. , Mohsenzadeh S. , Mummenhoff K.
Published: May 2008

In previous taxonomic literature, the monotypic genus Brossardia Boiss. was suggested to be related to Thlaspi L. s.l. and Aethionema R.Br. ITS sequence data of Brossardia papyracea * were added to a previously published data set, which includes sequences of representative taxa of Aethionema and Thlaspi s.l., to elucidate the systematic position of B. papyracea. Our molecular analysis indicates that B. papyracea is not a member of Aethionema, but is instead, nested within Noccaea Moench, a segregate lineage of the non‐monophyletic Thlaspi s.l. Based on these results and a re‐evaluation of morphological characters, we have transferred B. papyracea to Noccaea: Noccaea papyracea (Boiss.) Khosravi, Mummenhoff & Mohsenzadeh.), comb. nov. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
East Greenland freshwater runoff to the Greenland‐Iceland‐Norwegian Seas 1999–2004 and 2071–2100
Authors: Mernild Sebastian H. , Liston Glen E. , Hasholt Bent
Published: May 2008

In this paper, we quantify the terrestrial flux of freshwater runoff from East Greenland to the Greenland‐Iceland‐Norwegian (GIN) Seas for the periods 1999–2004 and 2071–2100. Our analysis includes separate calculations of runoff from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) and the land strip area between the GrIS and the ocean. This study is based on validation and calibration of SnowModel with in situ data from the only two long‐term permanent automatic meteorological and hydrometric monitoring catchments in East Greenland: the Mittivakkat Glacier catchment (65°N) in SE Greenland, and the Zackenberg Glacier catchment (74°N) in NE Greenland. SnowModel was then used to estimate runoff from all of East Greenland to the ocean. Modelled glacier recession in both catchments for the period 1999–2004 was in accordance with observations, and dominates the annual catchment runoff by 30–90%. Average runoff from Mittivakkat, ∼3·7 × 10−2 km3 y−1, and Zackenberg, ∼21·9 × 10−2 km3 y−1, was dominated by the percentage of catchment glacier cover. Modelled East Greenland freshwater input to the North Atlantic Ocean was ∼440 km3 y−1 (1999–2004), dominated by contributions of ∼40% from the land strip area and ∼60% from the GrIS. East Greenland runoff contributes ∼10% of the total annual freshwater export from the Arctic Ocean to the Greenland Sea. The future (2071–2100) climate impact assessment based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) A2 and B2 scenarios indicates an increase of mean annual East Greenland air temperature by 2·7 °C from today's values. For 2071–2100, the mean annual freshwater input to the North Atlantic Ocean is modelled to be ∼650 km3 y−1: ∼30% from the land strip area and ∼70% from the GrIS. This is an increase of approximately ∼50% from today's values. The freshwater runoff from the GrIS is more than double from today's values, based largely on increasing air temperature rather than from changes in net precipitation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mitochondrial copper metabolism and delivery to cytochrome c oxidase
Authors: Horn Darryl , Barrientos Antoni
Published: May 2008

Metals are essential elements of all living organisms. Among them, copper is required for a multiplicity of functions including mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and protection against oxidative stress. Here we will focus on describing the pathways involved in the delivery of copper to cytochrome c oxidase (COX), a mitochondrial metalloenzyme acting as the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The catalytic core of COX is formed by three mitochondrially‐encoded subunits and contains three copper atoms. Two copper atoms bound to subunit 2 constitute the CuA site, the primary acceptor of electrons from ferrocytochrome c. The third copper, CuB, is associated with the high‐spin heme a3 group of subunit 1. Recent studies, mostly performed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, have provided new clues about 1) the source of the copper used for COX metallation; 2) the roles of Sco1p and Cox11p, the proteins involved in the direct delivery of copper to the CuA and CuB sites, respectively; 3) the action mechanism of Cox17p, a copper chaperone that provides copper to Sco1p and Cox11p; 4) the existence of at least four Cox17p homologues carrying a similar twin CX9C domain suggestive of metal binding, Cox19p, Cox23p, Pet191p and Cmc1p, that could be part of the same pathway; and 5) the presence of a disulfide relay system in the intermembrane space of mitochondria that mediates import of proteins with conserved cysteines motifs such as the CX9C characteristic of Cox17p and its homologues. The different pathways are reviewed and discussed in the context of both mitochondrial COX assembly and copper homeostasis. © 2008 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 60(7): 421–429, 2008