bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement of individual color space using a luminous vector field
Authors: Alleysson David , Méary David
Published: February 2023

This study is intended to measure the geometry of the observer’s color space when viewing a computer screen and to define individual variations from these data. A CIE photometric standard observer assumes that the eye’s spectral efficiency function is constant, and photometry measurements correspond to vectors with fixed directions. By definition, the standard observer decomposes color space into planar surfaces of constant luminance. Using heterochromatic photometry with a minimum motion stimulus, we systematically measure the direction of luminous vectors for many observers and many color points. During the measurement process, the background and stimulus modulation averages are fixed to the given points to ensure that the observer is in a fixed adaptation mode. Our measurements result in a vector field or set of vectors (x,v), where x is the point’s color space position, and v is the observer’s luminosity vector. To estimate surfaces from vector fields, two mathematical hypotheses were used: (1) that surfaces are quadratic or, equivalently, that the vector field model is affine, and (2) that the metric of surfaces is proportional to a visual origin. Across 24 observers, we found that vector fields are convergent and the corresponding surfaces are hyperbolic. The equation of the surface in the display’s color space coordinate system, and in particular the axis of symmetry, varied systematically from individual to individual. A hyperbolic geometry is compatible with studies that emphasize a modification of the photometric vector with changing adaptations.
Two-dimensional freeform reflector design with a scattering surface
Authors: Kronberg Vì C. E. , Anthonissen Martijn J. H. , ten Thije Boonkkamp Jan H. M. , IJzerman Wilbert L.
Published: February 2023

We combine two-dimensional freeform reflector design with a scattering surface modeled using microfacets, i.e., small, specular, surfaces representing surface roughness. The model resulted in a convolution integral for the scattered light intensity distribution, which yields an inverse specular problem after deconvolution. Thus, the shape of a reflector with a scattering surface may be computed using deconvolution, followed by solving the typical inverse problem of specular reflector design. We found that the presence of surface scattering resulted in a few percentage difference in terms of reflector radius, depending on the amount of scattering in the system.
Polarized image super-resolution via a deep convolutional neural network
Authors: Hu Haofeng , Yang Shiyao , Li Xiaobo , Cheng Zhenzhou , Liu Tiegen , Zhai Jingsheng
Published: February 2023

Reduced resolution of polarized images makes it difficult to distinguish detailed polarization information and limits the ability to identify small targets and weak signals. A possible way to handle this problem is the polarization super-resolution (SR), which aims to obtain a high-resolution polarized image from a low-resolution one. However, compared with the traditional intensity-mode image SR, the polarization SR is more challenging because more channels and their nonlinear cross-links need to be considered as well as the polarization and intensity information need to be reconstructed simultaneously. This paper analyzes the polarized image degradation and proposes a deep convolutional neural network for polarization SR reconstruction based on two degradation models. The network structure and the well-designed loss function have been verified to effectively balance the restoration of intensity and polarization information, and can realize the SR with a maximum scaling factor of four. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other SR methods in terms of both quantitative evaluation and visual effect evaluation for two degradation models with different scaling factors.
Kerr-lens mode-locking of an Yb:CLNGG laser
Authors: Lin Zhang-Lang , Loiko Pavel , Zeng Huang-Jun , Xue Wen-Ze , Zhang Ge , Normani Simone , Camy Patrice , Petrov Valentin , Mateos Xavier , Lin Haifeng , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin , Liu Junhai , Wang Li , Chen Weidong
Published: February 2023

We report on a Kerr-lens mode-locked laser based on an Yb3+-doped disordered calcium lithium niobium gallium garnet (Yb:CLNGG) crystal. Pumping by a spatially single-mode Yb fiber laser at 976 nm, the Yb:CLNGG laser delivers soliton pulses as short as 31 fs at 1056.8 nm with an average output power of 66 mW and a pulse repetition rate of ∼77.6 MHz via soft-aperture Kerr-lens mode-locking. The maximum output power of the Kerr-lens mode-locked laser amounted to 203 mW for slightly longer pulses of 37 fs at an absorbed pump power of 0.74 W, which corresponds to a peak power of 62.2 kW and an optical efficiency of 20.3%.
Ultra-broadband dual-polarization and arbitrary ratio power splitters based on Bezier curve optimized multimode interference
Authors: Zhao Shi , Han Shangtong , Zhu Mingyu , Chen Jingye , Shi Yaocheng
Published: February 2023

We propose and demonstrate two types of 1 × 2 power splitters based on multimode interference (MMI), which are ultra-compact, fabrication friendly, and low loss. The contours of MMI and output tapers are optimized with Bezier curves, which can implement arbitrary ratio power splitters (ARPSs) and ultra-broadband dual-polarization power splitters (UDPSs). For ARPSs, the experimental results show that arbitrary power splitting ratios can be obtained with an average excess loss (EL) of 0.17 dB at 1550 nm for fundamental TE polarization. For UDPSs, the experimental results show that the ELs for fundamental TE and TM polarization are less than 0.63 dB and 0.44 dB over a large bandwidth of 415 nm (1260–1675 nm). The footprints of the proposed devices are less than 10 µm × 2.5 µm (without input straight waveguide) with large fabrication tolerance.
Feature Extraction Techniques for Noisy Distributed Acoustic Sensor Data Acquired in a Wellbore
Authors: Tabjula Jagadeeshwar , Sharma Jyotsna
Published: February 2023

Distributed acoustic sensor (DAS) is a promising technology for real-time monitoring of wellbores and other infrastructures. However, the desired signals are often overwhelmed by background and environmental noise inherent in field applications. We present a suite of computationally inexpensive techniques for the real-time extraction of gas signatures from noisy DAS data acquired in a 5163-ft-deep wellbore. The techniques are implemented on three well-scale DAS datasets, each representing multiphase flow conditions with different gas injection volumes, fluid circulation rates, and injection methods. The proposed denoising techniques not only helped in optimizing the gas slug signature despite the high background noise but also reduced the DAS data size without compromising the signal quality.
Criticality in probabilistic models of spreading dynamics in brain networks: Epileptic seizures
Authors: Moosavi S Amin , Truccolo Wilson
Published: February 2023

The spread of seizures across brain networks is the main impairing factor, often leading to loss-of-consciousness, in people with epilepsy. Despite advances in recording and modeling brain activity, uncovering the nature of seizure spreading dynamics remains an important challenge to understanding and treating pharmacologically resistant epilepsy. To address this challenge, we introduce a new probabilistic model that captures the spreading dynamics in patient-specific complex networks. Network connectivity and interaction time delays between brain areas were estimated from white-matter tractography. The model’s computational tractability allows it to play an important complementary role to more detailed models of seizure dynamics. We illustrate model fitting and predictive performance in the context of patient-specific Epileptor networks. We derive the phase diagram of spread size (order parameter) as a function of brain excitability and global connectivity strength, for different patient-specific networks. Phase diagrams allow the prediction of whether a seizure will spread depending on excitability and connectivity strength. In addition, model simulations predict the temporal order of seizure spread across network nodes. Furthermore, we show that the order parameter can exhibit both discontinuous and continuous (critical) phase transitions as neural excitability and connectivity strength are varied. Existence of a critical point, where response functions and fluctuations in spread size show power-law divergence with respect to control parameters, is supported by mean-field approximations and finite-size scaling analyses. Notably, the critical point separates two distinct regimes of spreading dynamics characterized by unimodal and bimodal spread-size distributions. Our study sheds new light on the nature of phase transitions and fluctuations in seizure spreading dynamics. We expect it to play an important role in the development of closed-loop stimulation approaches for preventing seizure spread in pharmacologically resistant epilepsy. Our findings may also be of interest to related models of spreading dynamics in epidemiology, biology, finance, and statistical physics.
Forecasting upper respiratory tract infection burden using high-dimensional time series data and forecast combinations
Authors: Lim Jue Tao , Tan Kelvin Bryan , Abisheganaden John , Dickens Borame L.
Published: February 2023

Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) represent a large strain on primary health resources. To mitigate URTI transmission and public health burdens, it is important to pre-empt and provide forward guidance on URTI burden, while taking into account various facets which influence URTI transmission. This is so that appropriate public health measures can be taken to mitigate strain on primary care resources. This study describes a new approach to forecasting URTIs which can be used for national public health resource planning. Specifically, using environmental and disease data comprising more than 1000 dimensions, we developed sub-models which optimizes model explainability, in-sample model fit, predictive accuracy and combines many weaker predictors over a 2-month time horizon to generate direct, point forecasts over a 1–8 week ahead forecast horizon. Predictive performance was evaluated using rolling out-of-sample forecast assessment within both periods with/without structural breaks in transmission over the period of 2012–2022. We showed that forecast combinations of 5 other forecasting models had better and more consistent predictive performance than other modelling approaches, over periods with and without structural breaks in transmission dynamics. Furthermore, epidemiological analysis on high dimensional data was enabled using post-selection inference, to show the dynamic association between lower temperature, increases in past relative humidity and absolute humidity and increased URTIs attendance. The methods proposed can be used for outbreak preparedness and guide healthcare resource planning, in both stable periods of transmission and periods where structural breaks in data occur.
Understanding perceptions of climate vulnerability to inform more effective adaptation in coastal communities
Authors: Nelson Laura K. , Cullen Alison C. , Koehn Laura E. , Harper Sarah , Runebaum Jocelyn , Bogeberg Molly , Strawn Astrea , Levin Phillip S.
Published: February 2023

Coastal social-ecological systems are vulnerable to climate change with impacts distributed unequally amongst human communities. Vulnerability assessments, an increasingly popular methodology for understanding variability in vulnerability and its components, often fail to include or recognize the perceptions of individuals in the focal system. Perceptions of climate vulnerability are influenced by experiences, social networks, and cognitive biases, and often differ from vulnerability as measured by subject experts. Because perceptions influence human behavior, including if and how people take adaptive action, a failure to recognize perceptions can lead to ineffective adaptation plans and an incomplete understanding of system vulnerability. Here, as part of a novel, multi-method effort to evaluate vulnerability to climate change in the California Current social-ecological system, we survey fishers from Washington, Oregon, and California to understand their perceived vulnerability and investigate what factors drive variability in their views. We find that while there is a connection between some factors known to influence vulnerability of fishers, including vessel size and the diversity of fishing portfolios, the most significant predictor of higher perceived vulnerability was environmental worldview, specifically a belief that climate change is occurring. Motivation to adapt is also influenced by the sentiment that the impacts of climate change are more urgent and consequential than other problems; thus, we also evaluate how concern levels for environmental issues compare to other challenges that may affect fishing success and wellbeing. While just under half think that they will be personally harmed by climate change, generally the fishers were more concerned about issues like costs and regulations than they were about environmental impacts. This assessment of perceptions highlights the importance of communication and addressing cognitive barriers to adaptation in the effort to develop climate resilient fisheries and fishing communities in the United States.
Rad51 filaments assembled in the absence of the complex formed by the Rad51 paralogs Rad55 and Rad57 are outcompeted by translesion DNA polymerases on UV-induced ssDNA gaps
Authors: Maloisel Laurent , Ma Emilie , Phipps Jamie , Deshayes Alice , Mattarocci Stefano , Marcand Stéphane , Dubrana Karine , Coïc Eric
Published: February 2023

The bypass of DNA lesions that block replicative polymerases during DNA replication relies on DNA damage tolerance pathways. The error-prone translesion synthesis (TLS) pathway depends on specialized DNA polymerases that incorporate nucleotides in front of base lesions, potentially inducing mutagenesis. Two error-free pathways can bypass the lesions: the template switching pathway, which uses the sister chromatid as a template, and the homologous recombination pathway (HR), which also can use the homologous chromosome as template. The balance between error-prone and error-free pathways controls the mutagenesis level. Therefore, it is crucial to precisely characterize factors that influence the pathway choice to better understand genetic stability at replication forks. In yeast, the complex formed by the Rad51 paralogs Rad55 and Rad57 promotes HR and template-switching at stalled replication forks. At DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), this complex promotes Rad51 filament formation and stability, notably by counteracting the Srs2 anti-recombinase. To explore the role of the Rad55-Rad57 complex in error-free pathways, we monitored the genetic interactions between Rad55-Rad57, the translesion polymerases Polζ or Polη, and Srs2 following UV radiation that induces mostly single-strand DNA gaps. We found that the Rad55-Rad57 complex was involved in three ways. First, it protects Rad51 filaments from Srs2, as it does at DSBs. Second, it promotes Rad51 filament stability independently of Srs2. Finally, we observed that UV-induced HR is almost abolished in Rad55-Rad57 deficient cells, and is partially restored upon Polζ or Polη depletion. Hence, we propose that the Rad55-Rad57 complex is essential to promote Rad51 filament stability on single-strand DNA gaps, notably to counteract the error-prone TLS polymerases and mutagenesis.
Arrayed Imaging Reflectometry monitoring of anti-viral antibody production throughout vaccination and breakthrough Covid-19
Authors: Klose Alanna M. , Kosoy Gabrielle , Miller Benjamin L.
Published: February 2023

Immune responses to COVID-19 infection and vaccination are individual and varied. There is a need to understand the timeline of vaccination efficacy against current and yet to be discovered viral mutations. Assessing immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the context of immunity to other respiratory viruses is also valuable. Here we demonstrate the capability of a fully automated prototype Arrayed Imaging Reflectometry system to perform reliable longitudinal serology against a 34-plex respiratory array. The array contains antigens for respiratory syncytial virus, seasonal influenza, common human coronaviruses, MERS, SARS-CoV-1, and SARS-CoV-2. AIR measures a change in reflectivity due to the binding of serum antibodies to the antigens on the array. Samples were collected from convalescent COVID-19 donors and individuals vaccinated with a two-dose mRNA vaccine regimen. Vaccinated samples were collected prior to the first dose, one week after the first dose, one week after the second dose, and monthly thereafter. Information following booster dose and/or breakthrough infection is included for a subset of subjects. Longitudinal samples of vaccinated individuals demonstrate a rise and fall of SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies in agreement with general knowledge of the adaptive immune response and other studies. Linear Regression analysis was performed to understand the relationship between antibodies binding to different antigens on the array. Our analysis identified strong correlations between closely related influenza virus strains as well as correlations between SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, and human coronavirus 229E. A small test of using diluted whole blood from a fingerstick provided clean arrays with antibody binding comparable to serum. Potential applications include assessing immunity in the context of exposure to multiple respiratory viruses, clinical serology, population monitoring to facilitate public health recommendations, and vaccine development against new viruses and virus mutations.
Screening and diagnostic testing protocols for HIV and Syphilis infections in health care setting in Qatar: Evaluation and recommendations
Authors: Nasrallah Gheyath K. , Al-Buainain Raniya , Younes Nadin , Dargham Soha R. , Al-Sadeq Duaa W. , Elhassan Mohamed , Al-Shaar Ibrahim , Yassine Hadi M. , Abu-Raddad Laith J. , Emara Mohamed M. , Ismail Ahmed
Published: February 2023

Background

HIV and Syphilis are common STIs, which have become a concern and burden on healthcare systems, as many infections go untreated and lead to potentially serious complications. HIV is usually diagnosed with Western blot, PCR, and p24 antigen testing. Whereas, Syphilis is mainly diagnosed through clinical findings and serologic testing. The Medical Commission Department (MC) under MOPH is responsible for screening all newcomers to Qatar, aiming to keep the country free from serious infectious diseases.

Objective

We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the protocols used in the MC for screening HIV and Syphilis infections.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of samples analyzed by 4th Generation ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) between January to December 2019. ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo positive samples were confirmed by INNO-LIA™ HIVI/II and RT-PCR. RPR-reactive samples were confirmed by ARCHITECT® Syphilis Treponema pallidium Antibody (Syphilis TPA) assay.

Results

For HIV, data were collected from 585,587 individuals, of which 595 (0.1%) were positive by the ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo (Analyzer A). When all initially positive sera were re-tested on newly collected blood samples using different ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo analyzer (analyzer B), 99.8% (594/595) of samples were also positive, suggesting high reproducibility. The positive predictive value (PPV) between ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and the INNO-LIA™ HIVI/II confirmatory assay was 31.8%. The PPV between ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and HIV-PCR assay was 26.8%. Retrospective data for Syphilis were collected from a total of 97,298 individuals who visited the MC, of which 198 (0.20%) were initially positive by RPR. The PPV between RPR and Syphilis TPA confirmatory assay was 36.6%.

Conclusion

Despite the high rate of false positivity using ARCHITECT® HIV Ag/Ab Combo and RPR screening assays, both assays have proven to be highly effective as screening testing methods.
L2C2: Last-level compressed-contents non-volatile cache and a procedure to forecast performance and lifetime
Authors: Escuin Carlos , Ibáñez Pablo , Navarro Denis , Monreal Teresa , Llabería José M. , Viñals Víctor
Published: February 2023

Several emerging non-volatile (NV) memory technologies are rising as interesting alternatives to build the Last-Level Cache (LLC). Their advantages, compared to SRAM memory, are higher density and lower static power, but write operations wear out the bitcells to the point of eventually losing their storage capacity. In this context, this paper presents a novel LLC organization designed to extend the lifetime of the NV data array and a procedure to forecast in detail the capacity and performance of such an NV-LLC over its lifetime. From a methodological point of view, although different approaches are used in the literature to analyze the degradation of an NV-LLC, none of them allows to study in detail its temporal evolution. In this sense, this work proposes a forecasting procedure that combines detailed simulation and prediction, allowing an accurate analysis of the impact of different cache control policies and mechanisms (replacement, wear-leveling, compression, etc.) on the temporal evolution of the indices of interest, such as the effective capacity of the NV-LLC or the system IPC. We also introduce L2C2, a LLC design intended for implementation in NV memory technology that combines fault tolerance, compression, and internal write wear leveling for the first time. Compression is not used to store more blocks and increase the hit rate, but to reduce the write rate and increase the lifetime during which the cache supports near-peak performance. In addition, to support byte loss without performance drop, L2C2 inherently allows N redundant bytes to be added to each cache entry. Thus, L2C2+N, the endurance-scaled version of L2C2, allows balancing the cost of redundant capacity with the benefit of longer lifetime. For instance, as a use case, we have implemented the L2C2 cache with STT-RAM technology. It has affordable hardware overheads compared to that of a baseline NV-LLC without compression in terms of area, latency and energy consumption, and increases up to 6-37 times the time in which 50% of the effective capacity is degraded, depending on the variability in the manufacturing process. Compared to L2C2, L2C2+6 which adds 6 bytes of redundant capacity per entry, that means 9.1% of storage overhead, can increase up to 1.4-4.3 times the time in which the system gets its initial peak performance degraded.
Partial heart transplantation for pediatric heart valve dysfunction: A clinical trial protocol
Authors: Rajab Taufiek Konrad , Ochoa Brielle , Zilinskas Kasparas , Kwon Jennie , Taylor Carolyn L. , Henderson Heather T. , Savage Andrew J. , Kavarana Minoo , Turek Joseph W. , Costello John M.
Published: February 2023

Congenital heart defects are the most common type of birth defects in humans and frequently involve heart valve dysfunction. The current treatment for unrepairable heart valves involves valve replacement with an implant, Ross pulmonary autotransplantation, or conventional orthotopic heart transplantation. Although these treatments are appropriate for older children and adults, they do not result in the same efficacy and durability in infants and young children for several reasons. Heart valve implants do not grow with the. Ross pulmonary autotransplants have a high mortality rate in neonates and are not feasible if the pulmonary valve is dysfunctional or absent. Furthermore, orthotopic heart transplants invariably fail from ventricular dysfunction over time. Therefore, the treatment of irreparable heart valves in infants and young children remains an unsolved problem. The objective of this single-arm, prospective study is to offer an alternative solution based on a new type of transplant, which we call “partial heart transplantation.” Partial heart transplantation differs from conventional orthotopic heart transplantation because only the part of the heart containing the heart valve is transplanted. Similar to Ross pulmonary autotransplants and conventional orthotopic heart transplants, partial heart transplants contain live cells that should allow it to grow with the recipient child. Therefore, partial heart transplants will require immunosuppression. The risks from immunosuppression can be managed, as seen in conventional orthotopic heart transplant recipients. Stopping immunosuppression will simply turn the growing partial heart transplant into a non-growing homovital homograft. Once this homograft deteriorates, it can be replaced with a durable adult-sized mechanical implant. The protocol for our single-arm trial is described. The ClinicalTrials.gov trial registration number is NCT05372757.
Dental wear and oral pathology among sex determined Early Bronze-Age children from Franzhausen I, Lower Austria
Authors: Bas Marlon , Kurzmann Christoph , Willman John , Pany-Kucera Doris , Rebay-Salisbury Katharina , Kanz Fabian
Published: February 2023

The physical properties of diet and oral health throughout childhood play an important role in the development of human dentition, and differed greatly before the industrial revolution. In this study we examined dental wear and oral pathology in a sample of children from the Early Bronze-Age to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of childhood diet and related oral health. We explore cross-sectional age and sex-based variation of children in the sample. The analysis was carried out on the dentitions of 75 children, 978 teeth, excavated from the Early Bronze-Age cemetery Franzhausen I in Lower Austria. Presence of dental caries and calculus was recorded. Dental wear was measured using dentine exposure, occlusal topography, and dental microwear texture analysis. Sex determination was carried out using amelogenin peptide analysis. Caries were found in only 4 individuals (crude prevalence rate—5%, 95% CI 1% to 13%), affecting only 5 teeth (true prevalence rate—less than 1%). Dentine exposure was observed in over 70% of deciduous molars and dental wear measurements indicate a comparatively strong dental wear accumulation especially, among younger children, when compared to modern-day and later pre-industrial populations. Microwear textures presented a high complexity (Asfc > 2)/low anisotropy (epLsar < 1) profile, especially in older children. Differences between male and female children were not generally significant but increased dentine exposure was observed in the lower molars of younger female children. Our results suggest that the Early Bronze-Age children at Franzhausen I consumed a non-cariogenic diet, more abrasive and inclusive of harder/polyhedral foodstuffs than present-day children and some later Medieval children. Differences in dental wear accumulation were observed between children within the population, but with minimal variation between the sexes mostly occurring among younger children.
La percepción de la Inteligencia Artificial en contextos educativos tras el lanzamiento de ChatGPT: disrupción o pánico
Authors: García-Peñalvo Francisco José
Published: February 2023

El año 2022 ha finalizado con una de esas innovaciones tecnológicas que tienen un comportamiento difícil de predecir, un cisne negro, acaparando la atención en los medios de comunicación tradicionales y los medios digitales. Efectivamente, se trata de ChatGPT. Si bien la inteligencia artificial ya venía ocupando un lugar destacado en diversas noticias, aunque muchas veces enmascarada bajo otras diversas acepciones, el fenómeno ChatGPT ha vuelto a poner en primera plana esta disciplina, así como sus efectos, tanto positivos como negativos, en nuestra sociedad. Las reacciones a su lanzamiento, sobre todo influidas por su facilidad de acceso y uso, están siendo de lo más variadas, yendo del entusiasmo de los innovadores y adoptadores tempranos hasta el terror casi apocalíptico propio de la película Terminator. De las múltiples aplicaciones de esta herramienta, el mayor debate está centrándose en sus implicaciones en la Educación y en la Academia, por su tremenda potencia para generar textos que perfectamente podrían pasar por creaciones humanas. Estamos en los albores de una tecnología que ha pasado de ser una herramienta de juguete a presentar su candidatura a convertirse en una innovación disruptiva. Que lo consiga o no dependerá de muchos factores, pero si no es esta será otra similar. Negarlo o prohibirlo no servirá absolutamente de nada para parar el efecto tsunami que ya ha comenzado. Por todo ello, primero hay que entender estas tecnologías basadas en modelos de lenguaje y conocer tanto sus beneficios como sus puntos débiles, además de lo que realmente suponen para un sector de actividad específico, como puede ser la Educación. Después de conocer la tecnología y la herramienta, se estaría en condiciones de utilizar (o no) su potencial y de prevenir o detectar sus posibles efectos perniciosos, seguramente cambiando y adaptando procesos que probablemente se tengan muy arraigados y que, por tanto, obliguen a salir de la zona de confort, lo que siempre es causa de resistencia al cambio y de reacciones extremas que, normalmente, no van a parar el camino de una tecnología hacia su meseta de productividad cuando esta llegue a ser parte cotidiana de una mayoría suficiente de usuarios, máxime cuando además se trata de herramientas transversales que van a contagiar sus patrones de uso entre los diferentes dominios de aplicación.
Música y publicidad
Authors: Contreras Sequeira Pablo , Nadal-García Icíar
Published: February 2023

ctualmente, es innegable el papel que la música juega en cualquier tipo de producción audiovisual; ya sea como fondo sonoro, recalcando un momento esencial o como principal protagonista, es difícil desligarla de cualquier anuncio más o menos popular. Nuestro objetivo, con un componente didáctico añadido (la cultura audiovisual es un eje transversal del currículo de la ESO), es profundizar en el papel que juega la música en una tipología de anuncios tan representativa como la de perfumes. Para ello, y partiendo de una metodología constructivista y sociocrítica, se dotará al alumno/a de herramientas analíticas con las que podrá descomponer el audiovisual en sus elementos estructurales mediante un análisis en profundidad que procura responder a la cuestión: «¿por qué esto, y no esto otro?», en referencia a los elementos sonoros y visuales utilizados. Se propone trabajar desde una perspectiva abierta y flexible mediante juicios de valor, desgranando las reflexiones obtenidas a partir del debate y la crítica compartida en el aula de Secundaria. Entre las principales conclusiones destacamos la necesidad de asociar la estética y el arte publicitarios al inevitable contexto social, ético y cultural que nos rodea, siendo conscientes de ello y haciendo partícipes a los más jóvenes.
El Tiempo entre Costuras: Música de entretelas
Authors: Álvarez García Marta
Published: February 2023

Las series son actualmente las producciones audiovisuales más consumidas, con una oferta cada vez más amplia y unos estándares de calidad en constante ascenso. En el ámbito español también se está experimentando este proceso y ya son muchos los títulos que han sido premiados tanto a nivel de audiencia como de la crítica especializada. El Tiempo entre Costuras, miniserie emitida en Antena3 entre 2013 y 2014 e inspirada en la novela homónima de María Dueñas (2009), es un buen ejemplo.

A través del análisis de su Banda Sonora Musical, compuesta por César Benito, se muestran las particularidades de cuatro de los temas más relevantes, su relación con la imagen, con la protagonista y su identificación con un elemento clave en la trama: la máquina de coser. Además, se extraen algunas de las características generales de la música que favorecieron su conexión y cercanía con el espectador, motivo por el cual, junto con su idoneidad estilística y narrativa, contribuyó de forma determinante al éxito de la miniserie.
La consideración artística y sociocultural de los paradigmas receptivos musicales dentro del cine contemporáneo (1975-2018)
Authors: Sanjuán Mínguez Ramón
Published: February 2023

La filmación de interpretaciones musicales en el cine de ficción se ha desarrollado de forma paralela a las innovaciones y mejoras técnicas, pero también lo ha hecho en función de las diferentes consideraciones socioculturales de los géneros o estilos musicales. La interrelación de diferentes lenguajes, técnicas o estéticas audiovisuales, incluyendo las propias de la televisión, el videoclip o las redes sociales, han propiciado unas filmaciones musicales cinematográficas más dinámicas, así como una edición audiovisual más experimental.
Al margen de la consideración técnica de estos registros audiovisuales, las interpretaciones musicales presentes en el cine contemporáneo nos ofrecen también la posibilidad de reflexionar sobre la forma en la que los espectadores, dentro del propio film, observan o interactúan con los números musicales. A partir de las propuestas de Chiantore (2021) sobre el concepto de «música clásica», de la consideración de la interpretación como «performance» (Cook, 2013) y de la diferenciación entre «performático» y «performativo» (López Cano, 2008), hemos realizado un análisis fílmico y sociocultural de films representativos realizados entre 1975 y 2018, focalizando la atención en el denominado «nivel estésico» (Nattiez, 1987). Esta aproximación nos ha permitido establecer una diferenciación entre «espectador performático» y «espectador performativo» y constatar que la actitud de los espectadores cinematográficos que asisten a una performance musical dentro del propio film nos ofrece unas referencias decisivas sobre los paradigmas de escucha, así como sobre la consideración sociocultural de la experiencia artística.
De Villarino a Don Quijote y de Mayalde a Zaniki: itinerarios musicales y cinematográficos
Authors: Notario Ruiz Antonio
Published: February 2023

Mucho se ha escrito sobre música popular, tradicional o de tradición oral. Algo menos sobre su presencia en las creaciones cinematográficas. Y mucho menos todavía sobre el casi completo olvido de los tesoros que esconden esas tradiciones, mitad encerradas, mitad atesoradas en los cancioneros. Una de las pocas excepciones es la de una de las más bellas canciones recogidas por el sacerdote católico Dámaso Ledesma a comienzos del siglo XX: El burro de Villarino, en una recopilación que resultó premiada en una convocatoria estatal. Algún tiempo después esa canción llegó al cine de la mano de Jacques Ibert. Muchos años más tarde, ya en el siglo XXI, el director Gabriel Velázquez incorpora al grupo Mayalde en su creación cinematográfica llegando a dedicarle una película muy especial: Zaniki. El objetivo de este ensayo es reivindicar el valor de la música de tradición oral frente al casi completo olvide de los medios audiovisuales y proponer su rescate a través del cine o de otras opciones.
REVISITING THE TERMINOLOGY OF BID'AH HASANAH AS A COUNTER DISCOURSE AGAINST BID'AH DALALAH IN THE PUBLIC SPHERE
Authors: Arifianto Muhammad Lukman Arifianto , Hanafi Yusuf , Khoirul Anam Faris
Published: February 2023

Abstract: This paper is aimed to revisit the existence terminology of Bidâ€™ah Hasanah (Good Innovation) in the public and academic sphere as a counter discourse against the dominance of established meaning of Bidâ€™ah which in terms of Islamic Sharia is interpreted as an act of misguidance (Bidâ€™ah Dalalah). Counter discourse is a way of thinking that opposes an institutionalized discourse. In this context, we try to investigate the emergence of this term and describe how it is expressed as an opposing thought against the negative meaning of Bid'ah which was discursively long-established in the public and academic sphere by conducting the grounded approach. The data collected is taken from a mini survey and some specific discourses related to this topic such as the discussions in some chapters of the Islamic teaching textbook, and discourses from the online sources including social media and some websites affiliated with certain religious groups. The result shows that the terminology of Bidâ€™ah Hasanah is emerged and echoed by traditional religious groups to label the non-exclusive worships (Ghairu Mahdhah) that originally donâ€™t require any special rules in its implementation. According to them, this term is retrieved and interpreted from several Hadiths and the words of the Prophetâ€™s companions. In the public and academic sphere, this term is still being roughly debated by some religious groups, mainly the Salafis and the traditionals, due to their differences in the methodology of meaning to this term. The Salafis prioritize the textual rigorous Sharia meaning contained in this term, whereas traditional parties put forward the literal and original meaning in understanding this term.
Henki Kleber on Bow and Strings
Authors: Purwandi Edeliya Relanika
Published: February 2023

Abstract

This article tries to analyse the representation of postcolonialism in Indonesian children's literary works in the form of a novel entitled Komponis Kecil by Soesilo Toer. Komponis Kecil tells a story about the friendship of two figures namely Henki and Meneer Kleber. Meneer Kleber taught Henki to play a violin which at that time was considered as a musical instrument of the European or upper-class society, which later influenced Henki in the process of finding his true identity. This article uses qualitative social research methods with Komponis Kecil novel as the main research object. This article analyses the postcolonial concepts of otherness, mimicry and hybridity under the concept of orientalism. This article will use inductive analysis as data analysis method and hermeneutics as a methodology for interpreting texts; with the main narrative theme of Henki's hybridity which makes it unable to separate his European influences. This article also examines the expression of postcolonialism which also signifies the emergence of the social realism genre in Komponis Kecil.
Dilema Kewargaan Kelompok Minoritas: Studi Kasus Suku Bajo di Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Bakar Abu Bakar , Sastrawati Nila
Published: February 2023

Tulisan ini mendiskusikan masalah kewargaan kelompok minoritas suku Bajo di Pulau Kera, Kabupaten Kupang, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Adapun pertanyaan umum dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana suku Bajo memaknai kewargaan mereka dalam bingkai ke Indonesiaan?. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut maka digunakan konsep kewargaan (citizenship) sebagai alat analisis. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif, dengan desain penelitian studi kasus (case study). Penelitian ini berkesimpulan bahwa orang-orang Bajo sebagai kelompok minoritas di Nusa Tenggara Timur mendapati dirinya dalam kondisi dilematis. Di satu sisi, negara menganggap orang-orang Bajo di Pulau Kera sebagai penduduk liar yang tidak berhak mendapatkan status kewargaan, karena itu mereka tidak mendapatkan hak-haknya terutama berkaitan dengan pelayanan dasar. Namun di sisi yang lain, orang-orang Bajo tetap dilibatkan dalam proses elektoral untuk menentukan wakil-wakil rakyat. Pada kondisi ini, orang Bajo merasa bahwa status kewargaan mereka hanya diberikan sepanjang berhubungan dengan kepentingan negara dan kembali dilupakan ketika negara tidak lagi berkepentingan.
Perdagangan Banten- Manila, 1663-1682
Authors: Ali Mufti
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan merekonstruksi hubungan perdagangan antar Banten dan Manila tahun 1663-1682 dengan menjawab tiga pertanyaan riset: (1) Bagaimana Banten menjalin hubungan dagang dengan Manila, (2) Bagaimana Banten memelihara hubungan tersebut dari kontrol VOC, dan (3) Bagaimana perdagangan Banten dan Manila tersebut berakhir akibat peperangan dengan Kompeni Belanda. . Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah, yang meliputi empat tahap: heuristik, kritik, interpretasi dan historiografi. Sumber sejarah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sumber primer (primary sources), terutama dagh register dan catatan harian misionaris Katolik di Philipina. Hasil kajian terhadap laporan harian Kompeni Belanda di Batavia (dagh register) menunjukan bahwa secara konsisten kapal-kapal Banten mengirim dua komoditas dagang penting: pakaian dan besi ke Manila dan membawa pulang uang kontan real Spanyol. Disamping itu kapal Banten sesekali mengangkut lada dan komoditas dagang lainnya ke Manila. Beras, tembaga Jepang, kayu sapang adalah tiga komoditas dagang yang dibawa kapal Banten dari Manila. Periode termakmur dalam sejarah Kesultanan Banten tepat bersamaan waktunya dengan periode terjalinnya hubungan dengan Manila, yaitu antara tahun 1663-1682. Perdagangan Banten dengan Manila memungkinkan Banten mengirimkan kapal-kapal dagangnya ke berbagai negara: Siam, Cina, Gujarat, Pegu, Koromandel, Madraspatnam, Surat, Makao, Vietnam, Persia, Mocha dan London.
JALUR REMPAH BANDA, ANTARA PERDAGANGAN, PENAKLUKAN DAN PERCAMPURAN
Authors: Lintang Jalu yogiswara
Published: February 2023

Banda Neira merupakan salah satu kepulauan yang berada di Maluku Tengah. Daerah kecil yang jauh dari ibu kota kabupaten maupun provinsi. Banda Neira memiliki sumber daya alam yang melimpah. Setidaknya di daerah kecil ini kini terkenal dengan dua sumberdaya alam yang dijadikan komoditas utama masyarakat. Pertama adalah potensi baharinya, sehingga daerah ini dijadikan pemerintah menjadi salah satu lumbung ikan nasional. Tidak heran jika laut Banda menyimpan banyak potensi perikanan terutama ikan tuna, cakalang, momar, kerapu dan masih banyak lagi jenis lainnya. Potensi kedua adalah hasil perkebunan pala. Pala menjadi salah satu komoditas utama andalan masyarakat Banda Neira. Bahkan Pala yang istimewa dari Banda membawa sejarah yang panjang untuk masyarakat Banda.
Continuing Connection
Authors: Farid Lily Yulianti , Al Fikri Muhammad Arief
Published: February 2023

The historical relationships between Makassans and Aboriginal people that took place as early as the 17th century until the early 20th century through the trepang industry in the northern coast, North Australia, is still unknown to many people in Makassar, South Sulawesi. There are various factors involved in the lack of information about the shared history, including the absence of the story of trepangers as part of Indonesian maritime heritage history in school textbooks and the insufficient materials and narratives on this topic in provincial and city museums. This paper examines the potential roles of Makassan artists and cultural activists to tell the story after engaging with ancient trepang industry-related cultural and art projects. It also investigates their changed perceptions about Australia and Indonesia both culturally and historically after their participation in art and cultural projects.
Egyetem ecsettel
Authors: Pillerné Sonkodi Rita
Published: February 2023

Írásom gerincét az SZTE Centenáriumi ünnepsorozat nyitó kiállítása adja. Közel negyven festmény megszületésével tisztelgek alma materem előtt, és nem titkolt szándékom a köztudatban még ma is ismeretlen Klebelsberg Kuno kultuszminiszter szellemiségét feleleveníteni. Egy képzőművész a saját eszközeivel teszi ezt, ecsetjével, színeivel és gondolataival. Emblematikus épületek homlokzatait és korszakos egyetemi személyiségek portréját és tárgyait örökítettem meg. E témák mellett Klebelsberg Kuno munkásságának kiemelkedő eredményeit gyűjtöttem össze. Szeged városképi jelentőségű épületei mellett a falusi oktatás és iskolák létrehozását sem feledve alkotott maradandót. Máig élvezzük és használjuk az általa alapított könyvtárakat, kollégiumokat, iskolákat és klinikákat. Legendás munkabírása és a terhek miatt korán kellett búcsút venni a kivételes államférfitól. Szégyenünk, hogy özvegye mélyszegénységben hunyt el Szegeden. Vigasztalást az adhat, hogy ma a Dóm altemplomában egymás mellett nyugszanak a Klebelsberg kriptában.
Spatial variability of soil fertility under agroforestry system and native forest in eastern Amazonia, Brazil
Authors: Santos Cassio Rafael Costa dos , Matsunaga Augusto Takayuki , Costa Luiz Rodolfo Reis , Santos Mario Lima dos , Brasil Neto Alberto Bentes , Rodrigues Richard Pinheiro , Maciel Maria de Nazaré Martins , Melo Vânia Silva de
Published: February 2023

The usage of spatial tools might be helpful in the optimization of decision-making regarding soil management, with technologies that assist in the interpretation of information related to soil fertility. Therefore, the present study evaluated the spatial variability of chemical attributes of the soil under an agroforestry system compared to a native forest in the municipality of Tomé-açu, Eastern Amazon, Brazil. Soil samples were performed at 36 points arranged in a 55 x 55 m grid. The soils were prepared and submitted to analysis in order to determine pH in H2O, exchangeable calcium, magnesium, potassium and aluminium, available phosphorus, potential acidity, organic matter, bases saturation and aluminium saturation. For each soil attribute, the spherical, gaussian and exponential models were adjusted. After the semivariograms fitting, data interpolation for assessment of spatial variability of the variables was performed through ordinary kriging.  The spherical and gaussian models were the most efficient models in estimation of soil attributes spatial variability, in most cases. Most of variables presented a regular spatial variability in their respective kriging maps, with some exceptions. In general, the kriging maps can be used, and we can take them as logistical maps for management and intervention practices in order to improve the soil fertility in the study areas. The results principal components indicate the need for integrated management of soil chemical attributes, with localized application of acidity correctors, fertilizers and other types of incomes, using the spatial variability of these fertility variables.
Biometric assessment of early stem growth at a commercial stand of African mahogany (Khaya grandifoliola)
Authors: Matias Renan Krupok , Brito Camilla Nascimento , Resende Rafael Tassinari , Rios Jovan Martins , Santana Gabriel Mendes , Oliveira Guilherme Murilo de , Venturoli Fábio
Published: February 2023

African mahogany species (Khaya spp.) have proven to be promising in the Brazilian forestry scenario, replacing native mahogany owing to their medium-fast growth and relevant timber value. This study aimed to carry out forest inventory and assessments of a Khaya grandifoliola plantation in the first years after planting, test hypsometric models to describe tree growth, and identify the maximum commercial stem yield (i.e., greater than 6 m in height). The stand was located in the municipality of Piracanjuba (GO), where seedlings of seed origin were used. Twenty random plots with a 15 m radius were allocated, and the total height (HT), stem height (HS), diameter at breast height (DBH), crown area, and forest canopy were measured. Four hypsometric models were employed in this study. The best equation was selected based on determination coefficients and standard errors. Further, the models were cross-validated to evaluate predictability and bias. At four years of planting, the largest class of HS was found to range from 3.1 to 4.1 m, and most trees had a DBH ranging from 0.084 to 0.126 m. The percentage of trees with stems > 6 m was 8.35%. The linear model ensured more consistent results for estimating HT, while the quadratic and Weibull models led to more consistent results for HS. By using models, stem measurements can be measured based on DBH, ultimately aiding the selection of stem management strategies for the growth of forests with greater commercial value.