bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple Epidermal Cysts of the Scalp: Dermatosurgical Approach with Favourable Outcome!
Authors: Tchernev Georgi , Temelkova Ivanka , Yungareva Irina , Wollina Uwe
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Epidermal cysts are subcutaneous tissue formations that are most commonly located in the area of scalp, trunk and face. In addition to single ones, the cysts may also be multiple, located near each other. Although they are considered to be a cystic ectasia of the hair infundibulum and mainly affect hairy parts, they can also be seen in the area of palms and feet as a result of trauma. Rare extracutaneous localisations are also described in the medical literature, affecting the oral cavity, intraosseous, cerebrum and sublingual epidermoid cyst. Although the majority of epidermal cysts are benign, a malignant transformation may also occur in the direction of development of squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma or Merkel cell carcinoma. Clinically, they are presented as benign lesions, and only histological examination may reveal their malignant potential. Therefore, their surgical removal and subsequent histology are of paramount importance for the elucidation of their origin.
CASE PRESENTATION: An 88-year old patient was hospitalized for surgical removal of two tumorous formations in the head area which have been available for many years. During the dermatological examination in the frontal and parietal area of the head, the presence of two oval pink cystic neoplasms, clinically suspected for epidermal cysts, was found. The lesion located in the frontal area was removed by elliptical excision. The resulting surgical defect was closed by undermining the wound edges and mobilisation of the released skin to the middle of the defect, as the latter being closed by single interrupted sutures. In the second surgical session, the lesion located in the parietal region of the head was also removed under local anaesthesia. A so-called island flap was performed in which the tumour formation was removed by oval excision followed by contouring a triangle in the distal direction and transposition of the undermined triangle to the oval surgical defect. The resulting defect was recovered by single interrupted sutures.
CONCLUSION: First-line treatment of epidermal cysts is surgical excision, and it is important to remove the cyst wall to minimise the risk of relapses and recurrence. Other treatment options include laser therapy with CO2, erbium-YAG laser or intralesional drainage injection of triamcinolone acetonide.
Systematic Review of Prevalence of Antepartum Depression during the Trimesters of Pregnancy
Authors: Okagbue Hilary I. , Adamu Patience I. , Bishop Sheila A. , Oguntunde Pelumi E. , Opanuga Abiodun A. , Akhmetshin Elvir M.
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Depression is prevalent during antenatal and postnatal stages of pregnancy. The effect of depression can be seen in complications during and after pregnancy, fetal growth retardation, abortions and preterm births. The literature abounds on postpartum depression (PD) while few studies are on antepartum depression (AD).
AIM: The systematic review aims to compute the prevalence of AD from published articles.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The published articles (26) used in this review were obtained from the search of the search keywords “Depressive conditions in pregnancy AND trimesters”. All the articles were considered irrespective of language and their citation status as of the time of the query. Only articles that presented the prevalence mean and sample size were included. Articles on questionnaires filled by nonpregnant women and men were excluded. Articles that presented the prevalence of depression for the postpartum period only were excluded but were included if they addressed depression at both postpartum and trimester(s) of pregnancy. P-value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS: Analysis of the 26 articles showed that 4,303 subjects tested positive for depression in a sample of 28,248 pregnant mothers, giving the prevalence rate as 15%. Confounding was removed, and the sample size was adjusted to be 25,771 and 4,223 were screened to have depressive symptoms, thereby giving a new prevalence rate as 16.4%. It was also revealed that AD is most prevalent in the last trimester of pregnancy and least in the second trimester. Pregnancy duration and PD are not correlated with AD. This implies that AD can be observed in any period of the pregnancy and cannot predict the incidence of PD.
CONCLUSION: Efforts must be intensified to monitor pregnant women during the third trimester to reduce the incidence of maternal depression during pregnancy, thereby reducing the prevalence.
Patient and Health Professional Perspectives about Engaging Patients in Addressing Patient Safety: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Chegini Zahra , Arab-Zozani Morteza , Janati Ali
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Patient safety is crucial to the provision of quality healthcare and has become increasingly important with the world health organisation recognising the significance of patient engagement in safety issues. Despite an increasing amount of literature examining the engagement of patients in addressing their safety, there has been little research examining the perspectives of patients and health professionals regarding the engagement of patients in safety issues.
AIM: This protocol aimed to explore the perspectives of patients and health professionals regarding the engagement of patients in safety issues.
METHODS: During February 2019, a literature search was conducted using four databases, PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus. There were no limits on the year of publication. Two authors were screening the titles, abstracts and full texts of all the studies independently of each other and potential discrepancies will be resolved in consultation with the third author. Studies identified in the literature search were assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), and a ‘best fit’ framework synthesis approach was adopted to combine evidence from studies that have used qualitative and mixed methods.
CONCLUSION: The results from this study can be used to develop interventions to increase patient engagement with patient safety.
Understanding Interpersonal Influences on the Use of Formal Health Services among a Population of Iranian Women in Reproductive Age: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Morowatisharifabad Mohammad Ali , Rahimi Tahereh , Farajkhoda Tahmineh , Fallah Zadeh Hossein
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: One of the most important factors contributing to using formal health care services by women is people who are involved in the social network around them.
AIM: This study aimed to understand the interpersonal influences on the use of formal health services among Iranian women of reproductive age.
METHODS: This study is a deductive content analysis approach based on the Health Promotion Model. Twenty-two semi-structured interviews were done with women of reproductive age and health care staffs in Qom, Iran. Transcripts were analysed by a deductive content analysis approach based on the Health Promotion Model (HPM).
RESULTS: Three main categories and eight subcategories were drawn consisting of (1) social support with 4 subcategories including “Family support and influence”, “support of religious people”, “support of health care providers” and “negative social support”; (2) social pressure and expectations with 2 subcategories including “feeling pressure due to role-playing” and “society's expectations regarding women's health”, and (3) healthy role models with 2 subcategories including “family role models” and “modeling friends and peers in taking action for treatment”.
CONCLUSION: A positive interpersonal influence in women acts as a strong incentive to seek health care when they are suffering from a disease, and prevents the chronicity of the disease by timely treatment.
Functional Outcome of Elbow Kinematics in Radial Head Excision Versus Radial Head Replacement: A Comparative Study
Authors: Singh Ayush Kumar , Jidge Aswini , Ramteke Ujwal , Venkateswaran Nivedhitha , Rokade Hemlata , Mulje SM , Mukherjee Sunirmal , Kotian Abhinandan
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Radial head fractures are quite common with incidence 1.5-4% of all adult fractures. The treatment for these fractures depends upon age, type of injury and whether the physics is closed or not.
AIM: Comparison between radial head excision versus radial head replacement based on mayo elbow scoring in comminuted radial head fractures.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We did a prospective comparative study comprising 32 patients between age 22-60 years with Mason type II/III radial head fractures at Sir J.J Group of Hospitals, Mumbai. The patients were randomised using the admission day of the week placing 17 patients in the arthroplasty group and 15 patients in the excision group. The patients were followed up for 18-24 months (average 20 months) postoperatively. Results were analysed by the Mayo’s elbow performance score at 6 months and 18 months and were statistically evaluated by unpaired t-test.
RESULTS: At 6 months, radial head arthroplasty gave excellent results in 2 patients, good in 5 patients and fair in 8 patients. In excision, there were 5 patients with excellent results at 6 months, 7 with good results and 2 with fair results. At 18 months, of the 17 patients who had undergone head arthroplasty, 2 had excellent results, and the same number had poor results. 7 (46.7%) of the 15 cases who had undergone radial head excision had excellent results. Good results were obtained in 7 cases of each. There was 6 cases (35.3%) of radial head arthroplasty which fell into the fair group. As per Mayo’s score at 6 months follow up, mean and standard deviation (SD) of the scores in arthroplasty was 68.82 and 18.66 respectively & for excision, it was 85.66 and 10.66. At 18 months follow up, it was 75 and 14.89 for arthroplasty & 90.66 and 7.98 for excision. The difference between the results was statistically significant (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Our study shows that long and short-term results of radial head excision are better as compared to arthroplasty in comminuted radial head fractures based on mayo elbow scoring, particularly for dominant upper limbs.
Low Degree Hyaluronic Acid Crosslinking Inducing the Release of TGF-Β1 in Conditioned Medium of Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Stem Cells
Authors: Ariyati Nora , Kusworini Kusworini , Nurdiana Nurdiana , Wirohadidjojo Yohanes Widodo
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Presently, the application of stem cells and their paracrine effect for anti-ageing therapy has commenced. Wharton's jelly-derived stem cell conditioned medium (WJSCs-CM) is renowned for increasing proliferation, migrate ageing skin fibroblasts and increase consumption of extracellular transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). With more than 85% of frequently used dermal filler procedures are hyaluronic acid fillers (HA), a mixture of both with optimal HA crosslinking degree has not yet been identified.
AIM: This study aimed to determine the discrepancies in the results of various HA crosslinking degree in WJSCs-CM concerning various levels of growth factors (GF).
METHODS: Conditioned medium was obtained from mesenchymal stem cells Wharton’s jelly of the newborn umbilical cord with caesarean section procedure, fabricated with hypoxia method (HCM). HA was obtained from preparations on the market with crosslinking degrees of 3%, 4%, and 10%. GF levels were measured using sandwich ELISA method based on the protocol provided by anti-TGF-β1, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) antibody producers (Cloud-Clone Corp®, Texas, USA).
RESULTS: Low degree HA crosslinking (3% and 4%) elevated TGF-β1 release in WJSCs-CM. HA crosslinking did not provoke increased levels of PDGF and bFGF in WJSCs-CM, both at low and higher degrees.
CONCLUSION: Low degree HA crosslinking induced the increase of TGF-β1 release in WJSCs-CM.
Affective Psychopathology Towards the Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients with Radiotherapy in Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Catherine Catherine , Camellia Vita , Husada Muhammad Surya , Loebis Bahagia , Effendy Elmeida , Amin Mustafa Mahmud
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Cancer has to become the scariest disease and tends to reduce the quality of life of the patient. Therefore, it is not only a medical treatment that needs to be conducted but also a psychological treatment.
AIM: to analyse the relationship between affective psychopathology and the quality of life of breast cancer patients who are receiving radiotherapy treatment.
METHODS: This research was a correlative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) instrument to assess psychopathological features and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) to determine the quality of life. This research was conducted in March 2016-July 2016 at Vina Estetika Cancer Center Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. As many as 47 subjects were divided into two criteria; Inclusion criteria, participants with breast cancer who were undergoing radiotherapy, aged over 18 years, with HADS score ≥ 17, and the exclusion criteria, were patients suffering from chronic psychiatry diseases.
RESULTS: Affective psychopathology was indicated to result in a significant negative correlation with the quality of life of breast cancer patients which whom were treated with radiotherapy with p = 0.035 and r = -0.267. This suggests that with a higher HADS, a decrease in quality of life will occur.
CONCLUSIONS: Affective psychopathological comorbidities have a great influence on the quality of life of patients who are undergoing radiotherapy. Thus, cancer management must include screening for psychopathological morbidity. Moreover, psychological rehabilitation must also be provided along with the cancer treatment.
New Advances in Evaluation of Hearing in a Sample of Egyptian Children with β-Thalassemia Major
Authors: Elzaree Fatma Abdelrahman , Shehata Manal A. , Abdel Atti Mohamed , Elzaree Gihan , El-Kassas Ghada M.
Published: May 2019

AIM: To evaluate hearing in β-thalassemia major patients on iron chelation therapy by using pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE).
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was done on (48) diagnosed, 6-18 years old, β-thalassemia major patients who had received at least 3 years iron chelating agent deferoxamine (DFO). We performed PTA, DPOAE testing, and tympanometry for all participants. SPSS was used to analyse data. P < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.
RESULTS: No significant difference was found between PTA and DPOAE testing in their capability to detect ototoxicity. PTA and DPOAE testing for the detection of ototoxicity in BTM and BTI, kappa values (κ) were found to be 0.516 and 0.459, respectively. The whole mean serum ferritin level was 2,251.3 ng/ml. The mean level was 1,603 ± 1,380 ng/ml in the patients with SNHL and 2,405 ± 1,908 ng/ml in the patients with normal hearing with the statistically significant difference among both groups (p = 0.015). The occurrence of ototoxicity was statistically significant with increasing age (p < 0.001). There was no marked difference as regards gender (p = 0.72).
CONCLUSION: Hearing loss is prevailing in patients with β-thalassemia major on iron chelating agents. Therefore, regular hearing evaluations and periodic check-ups after the initiation of chelation therapy are mandatory.
Utilisation of Cryolipolysis among Asians: A Review on Efficacy and Safety
Authors: Putra Imam Budi , Jusuf Nelva Karmila , Dewi Nani Kumala
Published: May 2019

Cryolipolysis is a non-invasive fat reduction method that is capable of reducing subcutaneous fat significantly without damaging surrounding tissues, by applying cold temperature to induce adipocyte apoptosis. Most of the clinical studies in cryolipolysis were conducted in the Caucasian population, and only a few numbers in Asian, who has darker skin with Fitzpatrick skin type III to V. Higher rate of pigmentary changes were reported with the use of cryotherapy in darker skin. Therefore, this report is aimed to provide a comprehensive review regarding utilisation, efficacy and safety profiles of cryolipolysis among Asians. Currently, there are only four clinical trials conducted exclusively in an Asian population. Two studies were conducted in Korea, whereas others in China and Thailand. Cryolipolysis was performed in the abdomen, arm, inner thighs, and submental regions. The reported side effects were mild and transient, including erythema, hematoma, numbness, and pain. There were no pigmentary changes reported. Although only limited data available, those studies have proved that cryolipolysis utilisation among Asians or darker skin types provides the same efficacy and safety profiles as in Caucasians. Therefore, cryolipolysis might be proposed as the first treatment choice for Asian patients who opted to do body contouring.
The Relationship between Gene Polymorphism of miRNAs Regulating FGA and Schizophrenia
Authors: Cao Bonan , Yang Mingjia , Kang Guojun , Li Rixin , Zhu Xiaojing , Kang Qi , Sun Yaoyao , Zhang Mingyuan , Wang Yueying , Chen Xin , Yu Qiong
Published: May 2019

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of related gene loci of miRNAs regulated fibrinopeptide A and schizophrenia. Lay the foundation for the aetiology of schizophrenia.
METHODS: Adapt to the phase match of sex and age case-control study, a total of 513 Chinese Han patients with schizophrenia were selected as the case group, 513 normal healthy persons as a control group. Obtaining SNPs information of the FGA gene by querying the dbSNP database, and reference HapMap database included SNPs site frequency information for screening. The frequency distributions of SNPs were genotyped by iMLDR® SNP detection technology. Two SNPs (pre-hsa-miR-605rs2043556 T>C, pre-hsa-miR-499a/pre-hsa-miR-499brs4909237 T < C) were analyzed to demonstrate their association with susceptibility to schizophrenia.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences between patients and controls in genotype and allele distribution of SNPs(rs2043556 and rs4909237)in the precursor region of hsa-miR-605 and pre-hsa-miR-499a/pre-hsa-miR-499b. Their gene-gene interaction, which suggests that the polymorphisms of miRNA genes might not contribute to schizophrenia susceptibility in the Han Chinese population.
CONCLUSION: No significant difference existed between schizophrenic patients and controls in SNP (rs2043556 and rs4909237) in the precursor region of hsa-miR-605 and pre-hsa-miR-499a/pre-hsa-miR-499b. There may not regulate FGA gene expression. Thus, hsa-miR-605 and pre-hsa-miR-499a/pre-hsa-miR-499b may not influence the risks of schizophrenia.
Comparison between the Outcomes of Using Biodegradable-Polymer Drug-Eluting Stents and Those of Using Durable-Polymer Drug-Eluting Stents in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Fawzy Abd-Allah Y. , Kenawi Mahmoud M. , El Aziz Ahmed Abd , Moharam Ayman N. , Attia Ibrahim M.
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND: Many randomised control studies showed that percutaneous coronary interventions using biodegradable-polymer drug-eluting stents (DES) offer a safe and effective alternative to durable-polymer DES. However, not many studies have discussed its use in the setting of acute coronary syndromes.
AIM: We aim to compare the biodegradable-polymer DES with durable-polymer DES when it comes to reducing the incidence of non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) associated with adverse events.
METHODS: We enrolled 205 patients presenting with NSTEACS and a TIMI risk score ≥ 3 in this study and divided them into two groups, group A and group B. Biodegradable-polymer DESs were exclusively used in group A, while durable-polymer DESs were used in group B. Major adverse events were reported in both groups during the hospital stay and patients were followed-up for 1 year.
RESULTS: In our patients, we intervened on 390 diseased segments in a total of 360 vessels. After intervention, TIMI 0 was achieved in 0.97%, TIMI 1 in 1.46%, TIMI 2 in 2.45%, and TIMI 3 in 95.12% of the treated segments (P-value= 0.677). We implanted 121 biodegradable-polymer DESs and 146 durable-polymer DESs. Clinical success was achieved in 95.12% of our cases. We had 55 patients who needed repeated coronary angiography within 1 year (15 patients treated with biodegradable-polymer DES and 24 patients treated with durable-polymer DES). Eighteen patients experienced angina pains (8 patients treated with biodegradable-polymer DES and 10 patients treated with durable-polymer DES). Only 5 patients needed TLR (2 patients treated with biodegradable-polymer DES and 3 patients treated with durable -polymer DES) (P-value = 0.591), three of them had a myocardial infarction with documented angiographic evidence of significant in-stent restenosis (1 patient treated with biodegradable-polymer DES and 2 patients treated with durable-polymer DESs).
CONCLUSION: Biodegradable-polymer DES represents a comparable alternative to durable-polymer DES in the setting of acute coronary syndromes.
L’agriculture dans l’ouest des Balkans : des vicissitudes de l’histoire récente aux choix politiques douteux
Authors: Del’homme Bernard
Published: May 2019

The six countries of the Western Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Kosovo), after nearly twenty years of “de-collectivization”, combine a modest size, a fragile economy and a still strongly present agriculture. But this situation remains of concern. At the crossroads of historical and political events in this area, agriculture has faced to strong developments as well on production structures as on its role in economy. Today, the very high proportion of small-scale farms, their insertion in the environment, their multifunctionality, could be an asset for the food security of these countries. Unfortunately, the disruption of agricultural industries, coupled with agricultural policies that are following the modernization scheme proposed by the European Union, seem announcing rather disastrous consequences which could make agriculture becoming an obstacle to sustainable development.
Les missions bolivariennes au Venezuela
Authors: Berjaud Clémentine
Published: May 2019

Sous les mandats successifs d’Hugo Chávez entre 1998 et 2013, une forme spécifique d’action publique s’est développée de manière exponentielle et a transformé la structuration des politiques publiques, notamment sociales, au Venezuela : les missions bolivariennes. Cet article propose de les aborder du point de vue des gouvernés pour revenir sur la question des policy feedbacks . En partant des perceptions, différenciées et socialement ancrées, que les citoyens rencontrés ont de ces politiques publiques, il est ainsi possible de saisir de quelles manières ils se les approprient – ou non – dans un contexte de redéploiement de l’action publique. La piste de leurs usages pratiques, sociaux et politiques paraît alors féconde pour analyser la construction des rapports à l’État au concret, au prisme de la mise en œuvre de ces politiques publiques socialisées et politisées. Le dispositif empirique qualitatif approfondi, au plus près des gouvernés, permet de mettre au jour certaines conditions sociales et politiques de la contribution des politiques publiques à la légitimation des gouvernants.
La connexion financière
Authors: Codato Adriano , Perissinotto Renato , Dantas Eric Gil , Cavalieri Marco
Published: May 2019

L’article analyse la question de l’indépendance de la Banque centrale du Brésil par rapport au marché financier qu’elle est censée réguler. L’objectif est de savoir s’il est possible de détecter l’existence d’un phénomène dit de la « porte tournante » parmi ses présidents. Pour ce faire, nous réalisons une prosopographie de ses 25 présidents entre 1965 et 2016. À partir de ces données, nous élaborons une typologie des trajectoires professionnelles de ces agents composée de quatre types : enseignants, financiers, bureaucrates et insiders . Les données montrent que les présidents qui correspondent aux deux premiers types (enseignants et financiers) sont plus susceptibles de s’engager sur le marché financier quand ils quittent le poste de président de la Banque centrale du Brésil. Ces résultats permettent de discuter le problème de l’indépendance de la BCB au-delà des perspectives légalistes et formalistes qui prédominent dans la littérature sur la question, largement ancrée en économie.
Le théâtre de Benoet du Lac à Aix-en-Provence. Moyen Âge provincial ou spectacle d’actualité à la fin du XVI e siècle ?
Authors: Doudet Estelle
Published: May 2019

En 1595 ont paru à Aix-en-Provence deux pièces de Benoet du Lac, Le Desesperé et Caresme-prenant , traditionnellement considérées dans l’histoire du théâtre français comme les dernières manifestations des genres de la moralité et de la farce morale. Cet article entend montrer pourquoi un dramaturge a mobilisé le théâtre « médiéval » pour fêter une victoire d’Henri IV. Il analyse le choix de l’écriture allégorique, l’usage du plurilinguisme en scène et les enjeux politiques et sociaux des œuvres dans leur contexte provençal.
Du roman espagnol à la scène française : quand l’occitan s’invite au banquet du Quichotte
Authors: Lassaque Aurélia
Published: May 2019

Dans les années 1640, François de Cortète, aristocrate lettré et dramaturge de langue occitane, compose une comédie à grand spectacle :  Sancho Panço al palays del Duc . La pièce puise son sujet principal dans les chapitres XXX à XLI du second livre du Quichotte . Son examen révèle une seconde source majeure : la trilogie dramatique de Guérin de Bouscal publiée à Paris entre 1639 et 1642. Cet article s’intéresse à la comédie occitane, à ce qui la lie et la distingue de ses deux sources.
La musique est un théâtre, ou le mariage de raison
Authors: Duron Jean
Published: May 2019

La présence de la musique et de la danse dans le théâtre du début du XVII e  siècle est difficile à évaluer, tout particulièrement pour les scènes provinciales. Ce que nous en connaissons témoigne de recherches et de pratiques probablement très anciennes. L’examen des précieux vestiges et témoignages permet de comprendre ce que théâtre et musique pouvaient attendre de leur mariage et comment les « progrez de la musique » au cours de cette période favorisèrent cette union.
Représentations parentales de l’appendicite de l’enfant et leurs conséquences sur le traitement chirurgical
Authors: Benoît Pauline , Imbault Éric , Lemelle Jean-Louis , Germain Édouard , Baumann Cédric , Luc Amandine , Boivin Jean-Marc
Published: May 2019

Introduction : L’appendicite est bien connue par la population générale et médicale. Pourtant, en France, les taux de recours à l’appendicectomie chez l’enfant varient d’un facteur 1 à 4 selon les départements. But de l’étude : Cette étude a permis de comparer, en fonction du département de scolarisation, les représentations et les attitudes des parents face à la douleur abdominale de l’enfant et leur recours au système de soins. Nous avons sélectionné trois départements, correspondant chacun à une des tranches de taux d’intervention en France selon le rapport de la Dress de 2012 : la Meurthe-et-Moselle, dont le taux est situé entre 15,65 et 23,48/10 000 habitants, la Seine-et-Marne, située entre 23,48 et 31,30/10 000 et le Jura, supérieur à 31/10 000. Résultats : Au total, 797 questionnaires ont pu être exploités (45,2 %). Les parents répondaient différemment selon le département. Les Jurassiens, et dans une moindre mesure les Seine-et-Marnais, étaient ceux ayant le plus fréquemment vécu une appendicectomie. Les parents issus de ces deux départements à fort taux d’appendicectomie pensaient davantage à une appendicite aiguë devant une douleur abdominale et craignaient moins l’appendicectomie. Ils étaient également plus favorables au traitement chirurgical que les parents vivant en Meurthe-et-Moselle. Conclusion : L’état des connaissances, les représentations parentales et le recours au système de soins sont des facteurs pouvant influer sur la prise en charge médicale et peuvent en partie expliquer les variations de taux de recours à l’appendicectomie au sein du territoire français. La diffusion de cette connaissance aux médecins pourrait permettre de mieux appréhender les différents profils de patients et de les rassurer au besoin, afin d’amenuiser ces facteurs d’influence sur les pratiques.
Retour d’expérience sur la mise en œuvre d’une action départementale d’activité physique pour les seniors
Authors: Ferré Noémie , Racine Antoine Noël , Fuente David , Pjevac Dusan , Fuch Alain , Garbarino Jean-Marie , Pradier Christian
Published: May 2019

Introduction : La pratique régulière d’une activité physique (AP) est aujourd’hui reconnue comme un des éléments clés du bien vieillir. Cependant, en France, le niveau d’AP diminue avec l’âge. L’objectif de cette étude était d’étudier la mise en œuvre et l’impact d’un programme d’activité physique destinés aux plus de 60 ans insuffisamment actifs, coconstruit avec les acteurs locaux sur plusieurs communes. Méthodologie : Le programme « Prévention active senior » (PAS), coordonné par un centre de ressources, consistait en la conception et la mise en œuvre d’un programme d’AP structuré, pour des personnes de plus de 60 ans. Pour chaque commune, le programme était conduit par un éducateur sportif « implanté » localement en partenariat avec un agent de la collectivité concernée. Il était composé de trois séances d’AP hebdomadaires (deux encadrées et une en autonomie) pendant trois mois. Les données ont été recueillies grâce aux outils développés pour l’évaluation. Résultats : Le programme a été conduit dans 27 communes. Il a réuni 586 participants inscrits et 439 ont réalisé l’évaluation finale. Celui-ci a permis une amélioration significative des trois principales qualités physiques (endurance, force musculaire et équilibre) chez les pratiquants. À l’issue du programme, plus de la moitié des communes ont mis en place ou soutenu une offre d’AP pérenne. Discussion : Cette étude a permis de souligner la nécessité d’adapter ce type d’intervention au contexte territorial. Elle confirme l’intérêt de combiner une approche individuelle et populationnelle ainsi qu’un travail intersectoriel pour créer des conditions favorables à la pratique de l’activité physique.
Effect of Probing in Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction in Children Older Than 2 Years
Authors: Une Vaishali Lalit , Kulkarni Sushma Subhash , Nandedkar Varsha Sharad
Published: May 2019

Purpose:

To determine the effect of probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children older than 2 years.

Methods:

A prospective interventional case series included 110 eyes of 94 patients with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) aged 2 years or older, with no previous intervention. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings (epiphora, discharge, regurgitation test, and fluorescein dye disappearance test). The children were divided into two groups: 2 to 5 years and 6 to 8 years. Probing of the nasolacrimal duct under general anesthesia was done. Success was predefined as resolution of symptoms and signs that persisted 3 months postoperatively. Another probing was done at 4 to 6 weeks when necessary before considering the final outcome as a failure. The chi-square test was used to analyze the result.

Results:

Patients' ages ranged from 2 to 8 years (average age: 55 months). Twenty-six (28%) patients needed a second probing. The overall success rate was 80%: 85% in the 2 to 5 years group and 73% in the 6 to 8 years group. The success rate was significantly lower in patients with complex obstruction (33.3%). The outcome of probing was not affected by the age of the patients (
P
= .2305).

Conclusions:

Probing is a viable primary surgical option in CNLDO in older children and hence should not be withheld in children who are referred late.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(3):141–145.]
Topical Anesthesia in Children With Intraoperative Adjustable Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Franco Filippo , Bolletta Elena , Mancioppi Silvia , Franco Elena , Migliorelli Alberto , Perri Paolo
Published: May 2019

Purpose:

To evaluate strabismus surgery with intraoperative adjustment of sutures under topical anesthesia in children.

Methods:

Nineteen children with horizontal deviation underwent a one-stage surgical technique performed under topical anesthesia. Surgery consisted of unilateral or bilateral recession and/or resection of horizontal muscles or the medial or lateral rectus muscles, with intraoperative adjustment of sutures based on alternate prism cover test. Follow-up was done at 1 day and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.

Results:

Mean age at surgery was 12.68 ± 2.50 years (range: 8 to 16 years). Mean preoperative angle of deviation was 24.21 ± 11.20 prism diopters (PD) (range: −50 to +30 PD) at distance. Mean postoperative angle of deviation at 6 months was 4.11 ± 2.87 PD (range: −10 to +10 PD) at distance. In esotropic patients, the average angle of deviation decreased from +23.80 ± 5.89 PD preoperatively to +4.80 ± 3.35 PD at 6 months, whereas in exotropic patients it decreased from −24.36 ± 12.76 to −3.86 ± 2.77 PD. Seventeen of 19 patients (89%) remained comfortable during surgery, whereas 2 needed an intravenous injection of propofol. The success rate, defined by a postoperative residual angle of deviation of ±8 PD or less, was 89% at 6 months.

Conclusions:

Strabismus surgery with intraoperative suture adjustment under topical anesthesia in children is a tolerable procedure with encouraging outcomes, representing an alternative to general anesthesia in well-selected children. Clinical evaluation of children and parents is fundamental to predict a likely poor collaboration of the child during surgery, which, if present, would require surgery under general anesthesia.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(3):173–177.]
Evaluation of a Remote Telemedicine Screening System for Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Begley Brett A. , Martin Joseph , Tufty Geoffrey T. , Suh Donny W.
Published: May 2019

Purpose:

To evaluate the validity of remote telemedicine screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a population of at-risk preterm infants in Iowa and South Dakota.

Methods:

The medical records for all preterm infants screened for ROP at neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Sioux City, Iowa, and Sioux Falls, South Dakota, from September 1, 2017, to July 31, 2018, were retrospectively reviewed. The RetCam Shuttle (Natus Medical Inc., Pleasanton, CA) was used to capture retinal images, which were posted on a secure server for evaluation by a pediatric ophthalmologist. Infants with suspected ROP approaching the criteria for treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) medications were transferred to the Children's Hospital and Medical Center NICU in Omaha, Nebraska, where a comprehensive examination was performed and treatment was administered when indicated. The remaining infants received an outpatient comprehensive examination by one of two pediatric ophthalmologists within 2 weeks of discharge.

Results:

A total of 124 telemedicine examinations were performed on 35 infants during the study period. Remote telemedicine screening for referral-warranted ROP using the RetCam Shuttle had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 97%, positive predictive value of 66.7%, and negative predictive value of 100%. Of the three infants transferred for referral-warranted ROP, two required treatment with anti-VEGF medications. Good outcomes were noted in all cases, and no patients progressed beyond stage 3 ROP.

Conclusions:

Telemedicine screening reliably detected referral-warranted ROP in at-risk premature infants at two remote sites, with no poor outcomes during the 11-month period. These results demonstrate the validity and utility of remote telemedicine screening for ROP.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(3):157–161.]
Single Horizontal Muscle (Medial or Lateral Rectus) Transposition and Inferior Rectus Recession in Monocular Elevation Deficit: A Novel Surgical Technique
Authors: Gandhi Uppal , Kekunnaya Ramesh
Published: May 2019

Purpose:

To describe a novel surgical technique for the treatment of monocular elevation deficit and report its short-term outcomes.

Methods:

This was a prospective interventional case series. It was an institutional-based study of 5 patients with monocular elevation deficit. A single horizontal rectus muscle was transposed to 2 mm from the insertion of the superior rectus muscle along the spiral of Tillaux, augmenting it with a non-absorbable suture taken 8 mm behind its insertion. The main outcome measures were primary position hypotropia and elevation deficit at 8 months postoperatively.

Results:

The mean age was 12.4 years (range: 6 to 26 years). Four patients underwent lateral rectus transposition and one underwent medial rectus transposition. Inferior rectus recession was done in all patients. The mean follow-up period was 8 months (range: 6 to 12 months). The mean hypotropia reduced from 34.6 prism diopters (PD) (range: 20 to 48 PD) preoperatively to 0.8 PD (range: −4 to 8 PD) at 8 months postoperatively. Additionally, 3 patients had exotropia with a mean of 12 PD (range: 2 to 20 PD) and 2 had esotropia with a mean of 28.5 PD (range: 12 to 40 PD); 1 underwent lateral rectus recession and 1 medial rectus recession. Three patients did not require any horizontal muscle surgery. The mean elevation deficit in abduction, straight up gaze, and adduction improved from 4.4, 3.2, and 2.8 to 2.0, 2.0, and 1.8, respectively. The mean depression deficit was 0.5. No adverse effects were noted.

Conclusions:

Single horizontal muscle transposition with inferior rectus recession allows sparing of at least one horizontal muscle and achieves adequate elevation effect and primary position deviation correction, at least in the short-term follow-up.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(3):183–187.]
Cortical Visual Impairment in Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Jin Haoxing Douglas , Demmler-Harrison Gail J. , Miller Jerry , Edmond Jane C. , Coats David K. , Paysse Evelyn A. , Bhatt Amit R. , Yen Kimberly G. , Klingen Joseph T. , Steinkuller Paul ,   for The Congenital CMV Longitudinal Group
Published: May 2019

Purpose:

To describe the presentation, evolution, and long-term outcome of cortical visual impairment (CVI) in patients with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, and to identify risk factors for the development of CVI in patients with symptomatic congenital CMV.

Methods:

Retrospective subanalysis of a long-term prospective cohort study with data gathered from 1982 to 2013.

Results:

Eleven of 77 (14.3%) patients with symptomatic CMV, 0 of 109 with asymptomatic CMV, and 51 control patients had CVI. Overall, patients with symptomatic CMV had worse vision than patients with asymptomatic CMV, who in turn had worse vision than control patients. Microcephaly, intracranial calcification, dilatation of ventricles, encephalomalacia, seizure at birth, optic atrophy, chorioretinitis/retinal scars, strabismus, and neonatal onset of sensorineural hearing loss were risk factors associated with CVI.

Conclusions:

CVI may result from symptomatic congenital CMV infection. The relationship of CVI and its risk factors in patients with CMV suggests the potential to predict the development of CVI through predictive modeling in future research. Early screening of CVI in children born with symptomatic congenital CMV can facilitate educational, social, and developmental interventions.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(3):194–202.]
¿Quitarse de pleitos? Litigiosidad mercantil y práctica arbitral en la Carrera de Indias a finales del siglo XVI
Authors: Fernández Castro Ana Belem
Published: May 2019

El arbitraje se ha considerado como la vía idónea para resolver disputas mercantiles. Sin embargo, los pleitos de la Casa de la Contratación de Sevilla evidencian las dificultades a las que se enfrentaba esta práctica debido a la carencia de los árbitros de poderes coercitivos para exigir el cumplimiento de los laudos. Esto significaba que la ejecución de los mismos precisó de la intervención de los tribunales, lo cual desvirtúa el propósito del arbitraje como solución extrajudicial, simplificada y económica.
La política matrimonial sobre los empleados públicos en Indias y los montepíos oficiales en las postrimerías del período colonial
Authors: Gálvez Ruiz María Ángeles
Published: May 2019

Uno de los motivos principales de los montepíos oficiales coloniales creados en el siglo XVIII fue asegurar de manera prioritaria a esposas e hijos de los empleados públicos con destino en Ultramar. Son objetivos del presente trabajo analizar las condiciones que establecen los montepíos para el beneficio de las pensiones a viudas y huérfanos, y la normativa relativa a las interdicciones regias que afectaba directamente a los matrimonios de los socios en los montes y al régimen de viudedad. Se han consultado algunos reglamentos generados por aquellas instituciones, así como distintas leyes y reales órdenes, que supusieron más obstáculos que beneficios para los afiliados y las viudas y huérfanos de ministros y otros empleados de rangos inferiores. Se destaca el recurso ampliamente utilizado por el colectivo para obtener una pensión o ayuda por vía de gracia, a través del estudio de una serie de peticiones y expedientes consultados en el Archivo General de Indias.
Esclavitud y libertad en tiempos de guerra: Respuestas de los negros al sitio británico de La Habana (1762-63)
Authors: Schneider Elena
Published: May 2019

Este artículo evalúa la invasión y la ocupación británicas de La Habana (1762-1763), como un acontecimiento en la historia de la diáspora africana y la esclavitud racial en el mundo atlántico. Las personas de ascendencia africana componían la mitad de la población de La Habana en ese momento, y desempeñaron una función central en los sucesos de la invasión y la ocupación. Este artículo hace uso de fuentes de archivos históricos de los Estados Unidos, Gran Bretaña, Jamaica, Cuba y España para investigar cómo los hombres y mujeres de una diáspora africana interrelacionada respondieron a este conflicto imperial.
Para ganar la guerra: el Padrón General de Contribuyentes de Lima (1821) y la política liberal del virrey La Serna
Authors: De Haro Romero Dionisio
Published: May 2019

Durante los últimos meses del gobierno de Pezuela la crisis política y económica del Virreinato del Perú se vio acentuada por el desembarco de San Martín que llevó la guerra a las puertas de Lima. En el Pronunciamiento de Aznapuquio los altos oficiales del ejército mostraron su disconformidad entregando el mando a José de la Serna. Siguiendo las pautas del liberalismo, el nuevo mandatario trató de introducir reformas en la Hacienda para hacer frente a los gastos de la Administración y a la financiación de la guerra. El trabajo analiza el hasta ahora inédito Padrón General de Contribuyentes de Lima, que supuso un intento sin precedentes de modernizar el sistema fiscal introduciendo un tributo personal y progresivo sobre las rentas.
El censo de 1896 de Trinidad (Amazonía boliviana). El impacto de la vida republicana sobre la sociedad indígena mojeña
Authors: Guiteras Mombiola Anna
Published: May 2019

El artículo indaga en los cambios y continuidades en la organización social interna del pueblo indígena mojeño de la Amazonía boliviana a fines del siglo XIX. El análisis cruzado de datos censales con catastros, padrones y peticiones de tierras permite indagar sobre el impacto de las medidas liberales entre este colectivo. Se afirma que, lejos de ser un grupo homogéneo, cuya incorporación a la sociedad republicana supuso las mismas vicisitudes, bajo el término «indígena» existía una gran heterogeneidad social, laboral y patrimonial.
La guerre est finie, la guerre secrète continue
Authors: Sawicki Gérald
Published: May 2019

La fin de la Première Guerre mondiale ne marque pas une véritable rupture dans l’organisation et le fonctionnement des services de renseignement français. En Alsace, ils se composent de services militaires et policiers. Dès juin 1919, un SR d’Alsace est créé résultant du transfert à Strasbourg du SR militaire de Belfort. Il a surtout pour mission de se renseigner sur l’Allemagne du Sud. Des officiers compétents l’animent et obtiennent des résultats importants grâce à un recrutement de sources nombreuses et diversifiées. La réorganisation de la police alsacienne mêle continuité et nouveaux apports mais la police spéciale demeure l’élément moteur du renseignement policier. Elle s’installe dans les grandes gares de chemin de fer, à la frontière ou au sein des préfectures. De grands policiers sont affectés en Alsace comme Louis-Othon Fischer ou Jules Sébille. Les missions policières deviennent de plus en plus nombreuses du fait de la situation particulière de la région. L’Alsace reste en effet un des théâtres de la poursuite de la guerre secrète franco-allemande après 1918 comme le révèlent les affaires du policier Scherf ou du « comité exécutif de la République libre d’Alsace-Lorraine ».
Le contrôle postal ou l’opinion publique en Alsace-Moselle entre la guerre et la paix
Authors: Jian Philippe
Published: May 2019

Comment les Alsaciens et les Lorrains ont-ils vécu les débuts de la présence française au lendemain de la Grande Guerre ? « Changement rapide » remarque François Roth, puisqu’en vertu de la convention d’armistice du 11 novembre 1918 les vainqueurs se substituent aussitôt au pouvoir allemand. Le contenu de la correspondance des Alsaciens et des Mosellans rapportée par les commissions du contrôle postal établies à Metz, Strasbourg et Mulhouse constituent une source d’information d’une grande richesse pour connaître au quotidien le ressenti des habitants de l’ex-Reichsland soumis à un nouveau régime administratif, ainsi que les conditions de la vie économique et sociale du « paradis tricolore » dans les mois qui précèdent la signature du traité de Versailles, le 28 juin 1919.
Systemic Approach and Digital Addiction
Authors: Bozoglan Bahadir
Published: May 2019

This chapter underlines the relationship between the theoretical fundaments of systemic family therapy and digital addiction. This chapter works as a literature review with internet addiction, digital addiction, online addiction, and technology addiction. In this view, a literature assessment points out that systemic family therapy could be used as an intervention strategy in the treatment of digital addiction along with other therapies like psycho-social and cognitive-behavioral therapies. Therefore, a systemic approach to the treatment of digital addiction can strengthen the usual dynamics through an active systemic approach to digital addiction as a solution to digital addiction. An empirical investigation about the preventive and therapeutic efficacy of systemic approach is not the aim of this chapter.