bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Burden of illness associated with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jakes Rupert W. , Kwon Namhee , Nordstrom Beth , Goulding Rebecca , Fahrbach Kyle , Tarpey Jialu , Van Dyke Melissa K.
Published: June 2021

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare disease associated with vascular inflammation and multisystem organ damage. The literature reporting EGPA incidence or prevalence is limited. We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to describe the incidence, prevalence, and disease burden associated with EGPA. Real-world, observational, English-language studies in MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, and Embase up to 6 June, 2019, were included. A single investigator screened all identified titles/abstracts and extracted data; an additional, independent investigator repeated the screening and validated the extracted data. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to generate pooled estimates for EGPA incidence and prevalence. Data from 100 eligible publications were extracted (32 with incidence/prevalence data, 65 with morbidity/healthcare resource data; 3 with both types of data). Significant evidence of between-study heterogeneity for reported incidence (p = 0.0013–0.0016) and prevalence (p = 0.0001–0.0006) estimates was observed. Global and European pooled estimates (95% confidence interval) of EGPA incidence were 1.22 (0.93, 1.60) and 1.07 (0.94, 1.35) cases per million person-years, respectively; global and European pooled estimates (95% confidence interval) for EGPA prevalence were 15.27 (11.89, 19.61) and 12.13 (6.98, 21.06) cases per million individuals, respectively. The proportions of patients experiencing relapses, or who had nasal polyps or severe asthma, varied considerably across studies. EGPA healthcare resource use was high, with inpatient admissions and emergency department visits reported for 17–42% and 25–42% of patients, respectively. Our results indicate that although global and European EGPA incidence and prevalence is low, the associated disease burden is substantial.

Key points• We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of real-world, observational studies describing the incidence, prevalence, and disease burden associated with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA).• Based on meta-analysis data from 35 eligible studies reporting incidence and prevalence, the incidence and prevalence of EGPA were low (globally 1.22 cases per million person-years and 15.27 cases per million individuals, respectively).• Among the 49 studies with morbidity and/or healthcare resource data, most reported a large proportion of patients with EGPA relapses and comorbidities of nasal polyps and severe asthma.• Healthcare resource use was also high among patients with EGPA in these studies, with inpatient admissions and emergency department visits reported for 17–42% and 25–42% of patients, respectively. Taken together, these data indicate the substantial disease burden associated with EGPA.
Simultaneous removal of heavy metals from drinking water by banana, orange and potato peel beads: a study of biosorption kinetics
Authors: Nathan Risha Jasmine , Martin Candace E. , Barr Dave , Rosengren Rhonda J.
Published: June 2021

Banana, orange and potato peels (BP, OP and PP, respectively) were immobilised to produce biosorbent beads that were employed for the biosorption of heavy metals from a cocktail solution containing As(V), Cd(II), Cr(VI), Cu(II), Hg(II) and Ni(II) ions. Drinking water conditions were maintained with neutral initial pH and low concentration of the ions. Batch experiments were performed for evaluating the effect of pH in the drinking water range (6.5–8.5). Results showed a significant increase in the biosorption capacity of the beads with respective to the uptake of As and Pb, whereas it decreased significantly for Cd, Cu, Hg and Ni ions at basic pH values. Approximate equilibrium biosorption of Cd, Cu, Hg and Ni was 89–92%, 79–87%, 84% and 71–80% by BP, OP and PP beads. The physisorption-based PFO model was the most suitable for the ions with biosorption capacities closer to the experimental values. BP and OP beads had better biosorption efficiencies relative to PP bead due to the higher surface heterogeneity observed by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy. An increase in the biosorbent concentration from one to ten BP beads significantly increased the biosorption percentage of the ions. The biosorption capacities of Cd, Hg and Ni uptake by one BP bead from a 1 mgL−1 cocktail solution were 3.4 ± 0.0, 5.3 ± 0.1 and 3.0 ± 0.0 mgg−1, respectively. Thus, BP beads were the most effective than for the simultaneous removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
Extended Authorization Policy for Graph-Structured Data
Authors: Mohamed Aya , Auer Dagmar , Hofer Daniel , Küng Josef
Published: June 2021

The high increase in the use of graph databases also for business- and privacy-critical applications demands for a sophisticated, flexible, fine-grained authorization and access control (AC) approach. Attribute-based access control (ABAC) supports a fine-grained definition of authorization rules and policies. Attributes can be associated with the subject, the requested resource and action, but also the environment. Thus, this is a promising starting point. However, specific characteristics of graph-structured data, such as attributes on vertices and edges along a path from a given subject to the resource to be accessed, are not yet considered. The well-established eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML), which defines a declarative language for fine-grained, attribute-based authorization policies, is the basis for our proposed approach—XACML for Graph-structured data (XACML4G). The additional path-specific constraints, described in graph patterns, demand for specialized processing of the rules and policies as well as adapted enforcement and decision-making in the access control process. To demonstrate XACML4G and its enforcement process, we present a scenario from the university domain. Due to the project’s environment, the prototype is built with the multi-model database ArangoDB. Finally, compliance of XACML4G with quality standards for access control systems administration and enforcement is assessed. The results are promising and further studies concerning performance and use in practice are planned.
Soft X-ray emission from an anharmonic collisional nanoplasma by a laser–nanocluster interaction
Authors: Nemati Siahmazgi R. , Jafari S.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the generation of soft X-ray emission from an anharmonic collisional nanoplasma by a laser–nanocluster interaction. The electric field of the laser beam interacts with the nanocluster and leads to ionization of the cluster atoms, which then produces a nanoplasma. Because of the nonlinear restoring force in an anharmonic nanoplasma, the fluctuations and heating rate of, as well as the power radiated by, the electrons in the nanocluster plasma will be notably different from those arising from a linear restoring force. By comparing the nonlinear restoring force state (which arises from an anharmonic cluster) with that of the linear restoring force (in harmonic clusters), the cluster temperature specifically changes at the resonant frequency relative to the linear restoring force, while the variation of the anharmonic cluster radius is almost identical to that of the harmonic cluster radius. In addition, it is revealed that a sharp peak of X-ray emission arises after some picoseconds in deuterium, helium, neon and argon clusters.
Mecapalapa Tepehua
Authors: Zendejas Esther Herrera
Published: June 2021

Mecapalapa Tepehua (ISO code: tee) is a language of Mexico that belongs to the Huehuetla branch of the Totonac-Tepehua linguistic family. It is spoken in the town of Mecapalapa, Puebla, Mexico. This linguistic family is composed of the Tepehua and Totonac branches (see MacKay & Trechsel 2014 and references there). The Tepehua branch consists of three main languages and their respective varieties: Pisaflores and Tlachichilco Tepehua are located in Veracruz, and Huehuetla Tepehua is located in Hidalgo and Puebla (see Figure 1). In comparison with Totonac, Tepehua has been poorly studied (see a comprehensive list of references in MacKay & Trechsel 2012). Representative works include Watters (1988), on Tlachichilco morpho-syntax with a brief phonological survey; Gutiérrez, Jiménez & García (2013), on a Tepehua-Spanish vocabulary, which is a vocabulary for the Tepehua variety spoken in Tlachichilco; MacKay & Trechsel (2013, 2018), providing detailed accounts of the phonological structures of Pisaflores and discussion of previous reconstructions of proto-Totonac-Tepehua sounds; and Kryder (1987) and Smythe (2007), offering a detailed description of Huehuetla phonology.
Prolactin receptor regulates the seasonal reproduction of striped hamsters
Authors: Xue Huiliang , Xu Jinhui , Wu Ming , Chen Lei , Xu Laixiang
Published: June 2021

In this study, differential mRNA expression patterns of prolactin receptor (PRLR) in the hypothalamus and gonads, and the correlation with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in striped hamster serum from spring, summer, autumn and winter were analyzed. Mature female and male striped hamsters in oestrus were used. Expression levels of PRLR in the hypothalamus, ovaries and testis from the summer and winter individuals were significantly higher compared with levels from the spring and autumn, whereas FSH and LH serum concentrations from summer and winter individuals were significantly lower compared with that from the spring and autumn. PRLR expression levels in hypothalamus, ovaries and testis were negatively correlated with FSH and LH serum concentrations, illustrating that PRLR might negatively regulate seasonal reproductive activity. PRLR expression levels in ovaries and testes were significantly higher compared with levels in the hypothalamus, suggesting that the regulative effects of PRLR in gonads might be significantly higher compared with that in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, PRLR expression levels from the spring, summer, autumn and winter seasons in the hypothalamus and gonads were significantly higher in females compared with levels in males, indicating that the regulative effect of PRLR might be sex dependent. Taken together, this study helps to understand in depth the seasonal regulative reproduction mechanism of striped hamsters to reasonably control population abundance.
Development of an embryo germination protocol for shy-seeded grape (Vitis vinifera L.)
Authors: Benke Ashwini P. , Krishna Ram , Samarth Roshni R. , Dhumal Shweta S. , Ansari Waquar A. , Shelke Poonam V. , Dukare Somnath S. , Singh Major
Published: June 2021

Acquisition and germination of seeds are the most desired targets for the improvement of vegetatively propagated crops. In the present study, we developed a potential embryo germination protocol for the Red Globe grape cultivar having a low seed germination rate. Three grape berries at different developmental stages, viz. 50, 60 and 70 days after flowering (DAF), were selected for in-vitro embryo germination. Three growth media, namely Emershad and Ramming (ER), Nitsch and Nitsch (NN) and Murashige and Skoog (MS), and plant growth regulators (benzyl amino purine (BA), 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 mg/l; indole butyric acid (IBA), 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l; and gibberellic acid (GA), 0.1, 0.3 and 0.9 mg/l) were screened individually in different combinations with three amino acids, namely cysteine, glutamine and proline (2.0 μmol/l each). The maximum embryos germination percentage recorded at 70 DAF was 63.33, 47.78 and 45.56% in ER, NN and MS media, respectively, supplemented with 0.9 mg/l BA, 2.0 mg/l IBA, 0.9 mg/l GA and 2.0 μmol glutamine. Glutamine was found to have the most significant impact, and it improved the rescued embryos germination. The present study provides a potential recipe for a medium that can facilitate efficient germination of grape embryos.
Ion identity molecular networking for mass spectrometry-based metabolomics in the GNPS environment
Authors: Schmid Robin , Petras Daniel , Nothias Louis-Félix , Wang Mingxun , Aron Allegra T. , Jagels Annika , Tsugawa Hiroshi , Rainer Johannes , Garcia-Aloy Mar , Dührkop Kai , Korf Ansgar , Pluskal Tomáš , Kameník Zdeněk , Jarmusch Alan K. , Caraballo-Rodríguez Andrés Mauricio , Weldon Kelly C. , Nothias-Esposito Melissa , Aksenov Alexander A. , Bauermeister Anelize , Albarracin Orio Andrea , Grundmann Carlismari O. , Vargas Fernando , Koester Irina , Gauglitz Julia M. , Gentry Emily C. , Hövelmann Yannick , Kalinina Svetlana A. , Pendergraft Matthew A. , Panitchpakdi Morgan , Tehan Richard , Le Gouellec Audrey , Aleti Gajender , Mannochio Russo Helena , Arndt Birgit , Hübner Florian , Hayen Heiko , Zhi Hui , Raffatellu Manuela , Prather Kimberly A. , Aluwihare Lihini I. , Böcker Sebastian , McPhail Kerry L. , Humpf Hans-Ulrich , Karst Uwe , Dorrestein Pieter C.
Published: June 2021

Molecular networking connects mass spectra of molecules based on the similarity of their fragmentation patterns. However, during ionization, molecules commonly form multiple ion species with different fragmentation behavior. As a result, the fragmentation spectra of these ion species often remain unconnected in tandem mass spectrometry-based molecular networks, leading to redundant and disconnected sub-networks of the same compound classes. To overcome this bottleneck, we develop Ion Identity Molecular Networking (IIMN) that integrates chromatographic peak shape correlation analysis into molecular networks to connect and collapse different ion species of the same molecule. The new feature relationships improve network connectivity for structurally related molecules, can be used to reveal unknown ion-ligand complexes, enhance annotation within molecular networks, and facilitate the expansion of spectral reference libraries. IIMN is integrated into various open source feature finding tools and the GNPS environment. Moreover, IIMN-based spectral libraries with a broad coverage of ion species are publicly available.
Comprehensive identification of transposable element insertions using multiple sequencing technologies
Authors: Chu Chong , Borges-Monroy Rebeca , Viswanadham Vinayak V. , Lee Soohyun , Li Heng , Lee Eunjung Alice , Park Peter J.
Published: June 2021

Transposable elements (TEs) help shape the structure and function of the human genome. When inserted into some locations, TEs may disrupt gene regulation and cause diseases. Here, we present xTea (x-Transposable element analyzer), a tool for identifying TE insertions in whole-genome sequencing data. Whereas existing methods are mostly designed for short-read data, xTea can be applied to both short-read and long-read data. Our analysis shows that xTea outperforms other short read-based methods for both germline and somatic TE insertion discovery. With long-read data, we created a catalogue of polymorphic insertions with full assembly and annotation of insertional sequences for various types of retroelements, including pseudogenes and endogenous retroviruses. Notably, we find that individual genomes have an average of nine groups of full-length L1s in centromeres, suggesting that centromeres and other highly repetitive regions such as telomeres are a significant yet unexplored source of active L1s. xTea is available at https://github.com/parklab/xTea.
Artificially engineered antiferromagnetic nanoprobes for ultra-sensitive histopathological level magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Liang Zeyu , Wang Qiyue , Liao Hongwei , Zhao Meng , Lee Jiyoung , Yang Chuang , Li Fangyuan , Ling Daishun
Published: June 2021

Histopathological level imaging in a non-invasive manner is important for clinical diagnosis, which has been a tremendous challenge for current imaging modalities. Recent development of ultra-high-field (UHF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents a large step toward this goal. Nevertheless, there is a lack of proper contrast agents that can provide superior imaging sensitivity at UHF for disease detection, because conventional contrast agents generally induce T2 decaying effects that are too strong and thus limit the imaging performance. Herein, by rationally engineering the size, spin alignment, and magnetic moment of the nanoparticles, we develop an UHF MRI-tailored ultra-sensitive antiferromagnetic nanoparticle probe (AFNP), which possesses exceptionally small magnetisation to minimize T2 decaying effect. Under the applied magnetic field of 9 T with mice dedicated hardware, the nanoprobe exhibits the ultralow r2/r1 value (~1.93), enabling the sensitive detection of microscopic primary tumours (<0.60 mm) and micrometastases (down to 0.20 mm) in mice. The sensitivity and accuracy of AFNP-enhanced UHF MRI are comparable to those of the histopathological examination, enabling the development of non-invasive visualization of previously undetectable biological entities critical to medical diagnosis and therapy.
Toxoplasma gondii infections are associated with costly boldness toward felids in a wild host
Authors: Gering Eben , Laubach Zachary M. , Weber Patty Sue D. , Soboll Hussey Gisela , Lehmann Kenna D. S. , Montgomery Tracy M. , Turner Julie W. , Perng Wei , Pioon Malit O. , Holekamp Kay E. , Getty Thomas
Published: June 2021

Toxoplasma gondii is hypothesized to manipulate the behavior of warm-blooded hosts to promote trophic transmission into the parasite’s definitive feline hosts. A key prediction of this hypothesis is that T. gondii infections of non-feline hosts are associated with costly behavior toward T. gondii’s definitive hosts; however, this effect has not been documented in any of the parasite’s diverse wild hosts during naturally occurring interactions with felines. Here, three decades of field observations reveal that T. gondii-infected hyena cubs approach lions more closely than uninfected peers and have higher rates of lion mortality. We discuss these results in light of 1) the possibility that hyena boldness represents an extended phenotype of the parasite, and 2) alternative scenarios in which T. gondii has not undergone selection to manipulate behavior in host hyenas. Both cases remain plausible and have important ramifications for T. gondii’s impacts on host behavior and fitness in the wild.
Aryl radical-mediated N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis
Authors: Matsuki Yuki , Ohnishi Nagisa , Kakeno Yuki , Takemoto Shunsuke , Ishii Takuya , Nagao Kazunori , Ohmiya Hirohisa
Published: June 2021

There have been significant advancements in radical reactions using organocatalysts in modern organic synthesis. Recently, NHC-catalyzed radical reactions initiated by single electron transfer processes have been actively studied. However, the reported examples have been limited to catalysis mediated by alkyl radicals. In this article, the NHC organocatalysis mediated by aryl radicals has been achieved. The enolate form of the Breslow intermediate derived from an aldehyde and thiazolium-type NHC in the presence of a base undergoes single electron transfer to an aryl iodide, providing an aryl radical. The catalytically generated aryl radical could be exploited as an arylating reagent for radical relay-type arylacylation of styrenes and as a hydrogen atom abstraction reagent for α-amino C(sp3)–H acylation of secondary amides.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Selective inheritance of target genes from only one parent of sexually reproduced F1 progeny in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhang Tao , Mudgett Michael , Rambabu Ratnala , Abramson Bradley , Dai Xinhua , Michael Todd P. , Zhao Yunde
Published: June 2021

Sexual reproduction constrains progeny to inherit allelic genes from both parents. Selective acquisition of target genes from only one parent in the F1 generation of plants has many potential applications including the elimination of undesired alleles and acceleration of trait stacking. CRISPR/Cas9-based gene drives can generate biased transmission of a preferred allele and convert heterozygotes to homozygotes in insects and mice, but similar strategies have not been implementable in plants because of a lack of efficient homology-directed repair (HDR). Here, we place a gene drive, which consists of cassettes that produce Cas9, guide RNAs (gRNA), and fluorescent markers, into the CRYPTOCHROME 1 (CRY1) gene through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HDR, resulting in cry1drive lines. After crossing the cry1drive/cry1drive lines to wild type, we observe F1 plants which have DNA at the CRY1 locus from only the cry1drive/cry1drive parent. Moreover, a non-autonomous trans-acting gene drive, in which the gene drive unit and the target gene are located on different chromosomes, converts a heterozygous mutation in the target gene to homozygous. Our results demonstrate that homozygous F1 plants can be obtained through zygotic conversion using a CRISPR/Cas9-based gene drive.
Phrenic nerve block during nonintubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a single-centre, double-blind, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhu Yi , Wang Guangsuo , Gao Wenli , Lin Miao , Li Yali , Wang Jiaqing , Li Guofeng , Dai Zhongliang
Published: June 2021

There has been interest in the use of nonintubated techniques for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in both awake and sedated patients. The authors’ centre developed a nonintubated technique with spontaneous ventilation for use in a patient under general anaesthesia using a phrenic nerve block. This treatment was compared with a case-matched control group. The authors believe that this technique is beneficial for optimizing anaesthesia for patients undergoing VATS. The patients were randomly allocated (1:1) to the phrenic nerve block (PNB) group and the control group. Both groups of patients received a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) that was inserted after anaesthetic induction, which permitted spontaneous ventilation and local anaesthesia in the forms of a paravertebral nerve block, a PNB and a vagal nerve block. However, the patients in the PNB group underwent procedures with 2% lidocaine, whereas saline was used in the control group. The primary outcome included the propofol doses. Secondary outcomes included the number of propofol boluses, systolic blood pressure (SBP), pH values of arterial blood gas and lactate (LAC), length of LMA pulled out, length of hospital stay (length of time from the operation to the time of discharge) and complications after 1 month. Intraoperatively, there were increases in lactate (F = 12.31, P = 0.001) in the PNB group. There was less propofol (49.20 ± 8.73 vs. 57.20 ± 4.12, P = 0.000), fewer propofol boluses (P = 0.002), a lower pH of arterial blood gas (F = 7.98, P = 0.006) and shorter hospital stays (4.10 ± 1.39 vs. 5.40 ± 1.22, P = 0.000) in the PNB group. There were no statistically significant differences in the length of the LMA pulled out, SBP or complications after 1 month between the groups. PNB optimizes the anaesthesia of nonintubated VATS.
Information dynamics in neuromorphic nanowire networks
Authors: Zhu Ruomin , Hochstetter Joel , Loeffler Alon , Diaz-Alvarez Adrian , Nakayama Tomonobu , Lizier Joseph T. , Kuncic Zdenka
Published: June 2021

Neuromorphic systems comprised of self-assembled nanowires exhibit a range of neural-like dynamics arising from the interplay of their synapse-like electrical junctions and their complex network topology. Additionally, various information processing tasks have been demonstrated with neuromorphic nanowire networks. Here, we investigate the dynamics of how these unique systems process information through information-theoretic metrics. In particular, Transfer Entropy (TE) and Active Information Storage (AIS) are employed to investigate dynamical information flow and short-term memory in nanowire networks. In addition to finding that the topologically central parts of networks contribute the most to the information flow, our results also reveal TE and AIS are maximized when the networks transitions from a quiescent to an active state. The performance of neuromorphic networks in memory and learning tasks is demonstrated to be dependent on their internal dynamical states as well as topological structure. Optimal performance is found when these networks are pre-initialised to the transition state where TE and AIS are maximal. Furthermore, an optimal range of information processing resources (i.e. connectivity density) is identified for performance. Overall, our results demonstrate information dynamics is a valuable tool to study and benchmark neuromorphic systems.
Microstructure analysis and image-based modelling of face masks for COVID-19 virus protection
Authors: Du Wenjia , Iacoviello Francesco , Fernandez Tacson , Loureiro Rui , Brett Daniel J. L. , Shearing Paul R.
Published: June 2021

SARS-CoV-2 may spread through respiratory droplets released by infected individuals. The viruses are transmitted in moist droplets which cause coronavirus disease. Many countries have mandated the wearing of face masks, to various extents. However, the efficacy of masks is yet to be well rationalised given the limited microstructure information. Here, three common face masks and associated air permeations were revealed by coupling X-ray tomographic imaging and infrared thermal imaging techniques. Quantitative parameters have been extracted from the 3D images. Also, image-based modelling was performed to simulate the permeability to show how droplets pass through the porous structure. Our results show that the N95 mask has the smallest average pore diameter (~30 µm) and the densest nanoscale fibres which provides superior droplet filtration among all cases. Modifications to the N95 masks are proposed to develop the next generation mask with higher efficacy and better breathability.
Development of a high-throughput multi-residue method for analysis of common pesticides in aquatic environments by automated online solid phase extraction coupled with LC-MS/MS
Authors: Wang Tielong , Zhong Mengmeng , Lu Meiling , Huang Jun , Blaney Lee , Yu Gang
Published: June 2021

A reliable method based on fully automated online solid phase extraction coupled with LC-MS/MS was developed for the high throughput analysis of 111 common pesticides or metabolites in three aquatic matrices.
Detection of trace mercury ions in water with a bovine-serum-albumin-modified Au@SiNWA surface-enhanced-Raman-scattering sensor
Authors: Fan Chengshan , Zhang Xin , Lv Jia Meng , Bai Jiahao , Qiu Zenghui , Zhao Yong Mei , Wu Zheng Long , Xu Hai Jun
Published: June 2021

Accurate detection of mercury ions (Hg2+) in water is of great importance for environmental protection.
Characterization and bioactivities of phospholipids from squid viscera and gonads using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-Q-exactive orbitrap/mass spectrometry-based lipidomics and zebrafish models
Authors: Li Peihai , Zhang Mengqi , Xie Dongxiao , Zhang Xuanming , Zhang Shanshan , Gao Feiyue , Wang Yuliang , Hsiao Chung-Der , Li Xiaobin , Liu Kechun
Published: June 2021

The lipidomics and bioactivities of phospholipids from squid by-products were studied, and the results provided a basis for their future application in the nutritional and pharmaceutical industry.
Symmetry breaking-induced double-strand helices in H-bonded coassembly
Authors: Liang Juncong , Liang Junhui , Hao Aiyou , Xing Pengyao
Published: June 2021

Multiple-constituent coassembly of a melamine derivative and an N-terminal aromatic amino acid affords double helical nanoarchitectures via symmetry breaking.
Modeling ultrasound-induced molecular weight decrease of polymers with multiple scissile azo-mechanophores
Authors: Ayer Mathieu A. , Verde-Sesto Ester , Liu Cheyenne H. , Weder Christoph , Lattuada Marco , Simon Yoan C.
Published: June 2021

Selective and non-selective chain scission compete upon ultrasonic treatment of polymers with randomly distributed azo units.
Graphdiyne anchored ultrafine Ag nanoparticles for highly efficient and solvent-free catalysis of CO2cycloaddition
Authors: Liu Chang , Zhang Chao , Lu Tong-Bu
Published: June 2021

Composite catalysts of 3D sponge-like porous Pyr-GDY anchored capping agent free ultrafine Ag NPs were constructed, which displayed a record-high catalytic activity towards solvent-free CO2cycloaddition with propargylamines.
The function of peptide-mimetic anionic groups and salt bridges in the antimicrobial activity and conformation of cationic amphiphilic copolymers
Authors: Bhat Rajani , Foster Leanna L. , Rani Garima , Vemparala Satyavani , Kuroda Kenichi
Published: June 2021

Amino acid-mimetic anionic groups and salt bridges in cationic amphiphilic copolymers control the polymer conformation and dynamics in solution.
Construction of a hierarchically structured, NiCo–Cu-based trifunctional electrocatalyst for efficient overall water splitting and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation
Authors: Zheng Ruijuan , Zhao Chenhao , Xiong Jinhua , Teng Xue , Chen Wuhua , Hu Zhibiao , Chen Zuofeng
Published: June 2021

A hierarchically structured, NiCo–Cu-based trifunctional electrocatalyst was fabricated for efficient overall water splitting and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation.
Research on transformer fault diagnosis: Based on improved firefly algorithm optimized LPboost–classification and regression tree
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxing , Fang Rongxing , Zhang Guozhi , Fang Yaqi , Zhou Xiu , Ma Yunlong , Wang Kun , Chen Kang
Published: June 2021

The information of dissolved gas in transformer oil can reflect the potential fault in oil immersed power transformer. In order to improve the accuracy of transformer fault diagnosis, a transformer fault diagnosis model based on IFA‐LPboost‐CART is proposed here. First, a LPboost‐CART model is established. The classification and regression tree (CART) are used as the weak classifiers, and the linear programming boosting (LPboost) ensemble learning method is used to adjust the weight of each weak classifier to construct a strong classifier. Then the improved firefly algorithm (IFA) is adopted to optimize the number of CART and the maximum number of splits of CART in LPboost‐CART to obtain the IFA‐LPboost‐CART model. The experimental results show that, compared with the existing methods, such as CART and support vector machine (SVM), the proposed IFA‐LPboost‐CART model has higher fault diagnosis accuracy, which can provide technical support for transformer fault diagnosis.
The effect of salicylic acid on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of grafted grapevine seedlings
Authors: Pavlyuchenko Natalia , Zimina Natalia , Melnikova Svetlana , Kolesnikova Olga
Published: June 2021

While the production of grafted grapevine seedlings we studied the effect of treatment of copulation sections on rootstock vine cuttings with salicylic acid solution (SC) (10-2, 10-4, 10-6, 10-8) on tissue regeneration, root formation, growth and development of shoots, leaf surface formation during the period of grafting stratification and on adaptation of seedlings in the field. In the experiment, we used grafted grapevine variety Cabernet Sauvignon, the rootstock - Berlandieri of Riparia Kober 5BB. The experiment was carried out according to a completely randomized scheme with triple repetitions (each repetition has 100 plants) in laboratory and field conditions. The results showed a reduction in the period of grafts’ stratification in some variants, due to the activation of the process of callus tissue formation. At the same time, the use of salicylic acid stimulated the budding of the scion, the growth of shoots and the development of root system. Increased concentration of SC (10-2) inhibits the growth of shoots. The positive effect of SC on adaptive parameters was established.
Transition to new technologies of rice cultivation in the Krasnodar Territory
Authors: Prikhodko Igor , Vladimirov Stanislav , Alexandrov Daniel
Published: June 2021

Currently used in Russia traditional technologies of rice cultivation with continuous or short-term flooding of rice paddies are ineffective for a number of factors, the main of which are the high cost and high labor intensity of rice production. Research in the field of rice cultivation has identified four main promising technologies that can reduce the cost of rice produced: 1 - intermittent flooding; 2 - periodic moistening without creating a layer of water; 3 - sprinkling, including surface irrigation; 4 - drip irrigation. The purpose of our research was to develop a new drip irrigation rice cultivation technology adapted for the climatic and soil conditions of the Krasnodar Territory. As a result of the research carried out, a drip irrigation technological scheme was developed and implemented for LLC “Chernoerkovskoye” of the Slavyansky district of the Krasnodar region. The developed scheme of rice cultivation on drip irrigation has proven its effectiveness, expressed in improving the reclamation state of soils, increasing the profitability of production and increasing the yield, reducing the irrigation rate, the cost of rice grain and labor intensity.
Research of extractors for the extraction of target components from plant materials of various internal structures
Authors: Prosin Maksim , Borodulin Dmitrii , Safonova Elena , Golovacheva Yana
Published: June 2021

Manufacturers prefer berries and fruits, but there are also other products made with seeds, aromatic and medicinal herbs, spices, as well as other components. The main production stage for obtaining tinctures and aromatic alcohols is the extraction process. Currently, a large number of designs of extractors for solid-liquid system of periodic and continuous action have been developed. All of them are different from each other in terms of efficiency, energy consumption and applicability in a particular production. The purpose of this work is to study and analyze the influence of the structure of raw materials on the efficiency of extraction in equipment of various types. To carry out the research, three types of raw materials were selected from various groups: rose hips, penny root and chaga mushrooms. The most suitable and promising extractor designs are the Soxlhet extractor; centrifugal extractor; rotary-pulsating apparatus. The results of the work, it was concluded that the most versatile apparatus is the rotary-pulsating apparatus, since during its operation the raw material is crushed. Plant raw materials give the most complete target components with list time. In devices of similar designs, the different internal structure of raw materials does not affect the quality of the extracts obtained.
Formation features of humoral immunity in newborn calves in case of including haylage with bio-preservative into the diet of cows
Authors: Karamaeva Anna , Bakaeva Larisa , Soboleva Natalia , Karamaev Sergey
Published: June 2021

The peculiarities of the formation of colostrum in the udder of cows and the immune status in the body of calves in the first hours and days after birth, when included in the diet of cows, haylage from eastern goat’s rue prepared with the use of bio-preservatives “Silostan” (group II) and “GreenGrass 3 × 3”(Group III). The study of colostrum of the first milk yield showed that feeding cows with silage with the bio-preservative “Silostan” contributed to an increase in the content of immunoglobulins by 4.0% (Р<0,001), with bio-preservative “GreenGras 3 × 3” - by 5.3% (Р<0,001). After drinking the first portion of colostrum, immunoglobulins appear in the blood serum of calves after 2 hours. After 6 hours, the content of immunoglobulins in the blood serum of calves of group II was 21.9% higher than in group I (haylage without preservative) (P < 0.05), group III - by 27.1% (P <0.001). The proportion of calves with an immunoglobulin content 6 hours after the first feeding with colostrum not more than 6.0 mg / ml, decreased in group II by 12.0%, in group III - by 20.0%.
Morphofunctional changes in urological syndrome in cats
Authors: Kartashov Sergey , Bekker Olga , Oboeva Maria , Kartashova Evgenia
Published: June 2021

Feline lower urinarytract disease (FLUTD) is a life-threatening condition in cats, especially in obstructive males. In a clinical situation, early diagnosis and correction of this condition is very important, otherwise the disease ends in death. FLUTD manifested by stranguria, pollakiuria, dysuria, and, in severe cases, hematuria and obstruction by anuria. This article discusses the features of the clinical course of FLUTD in 5 cats with obstructive idiopathic cystitis. Animals were selected with a similar history, they were animals from 3 to 7 years old, with exclusively home keeping, no walking and a diet consisting of dry commercial food. All animals underwent a complete clinical examination, complete blood count, general urinalysis, ultrasound of the genitourinary system and heart. For two weeks, the animals underwent a complex treatment consisting of infusion therapy, anesthesia with dexmedetomidine and NSAIDs (meloxicam), which led to clinical recovery in all animals within 14 days, all animals on an ongoing basis were prescribed amitriptyline, observation of the animals for 6 months did not reveal a relapse of the disease.
Architecture and basic conditions for organizing video hosting based on a p2p-network
Authors: Trubchik Irina , Kalashnikov Ilya , Ralko Kirill , Kovalev Nikilay , Arhipov Mikhail
Published: June 2021

The paper discusses the principles of developing a software package based on a distributed registry (proprietary blockchain) for performing applied tasks within a decentralized video portal. Such structure is concerned to distribute of user-generated content, implying the principles of “reverse economy” that suggest to reward proactive users of the service via sharing advertising revenue of the video portal amongst all participants in the advertising chain.
Technology of small architectural forms for the improvement of rural settlements
Authors: Kastornykh Luybov , Kaklyugin Alexander , Kholodnyak Mikhail , Kryukov Peter , Melikhov Denis
Published: June 2021

Improvement of rural settlements is an urgent task to create attractive living conditions, preserve cultural traditions, develop ethnic tourism and create a unique look for the villages and villages of the Don region. It is advisable to make small architectural forms of concrete, which is a versatile and durable material that allows any designer’s creative idea to be realized. The performed studies have established that it is rational to produce small architectural forms from fine-grained self-compacting mixtures with screenings of stone crushing of rocks of the Don region. The experiments have shown that in a fine-grained self-compacting mixture, the optimal dosage of ordinary limestone crushing screenings is 20%, and sandstone crushing screenings can reach 33%. This is explained by an increase in the liquefaction effect of the anionic superplasticizer due to its lower adsorption on fine particles of sandstone grains, which have a predominantly negative surface charge. The mobile production of small architectural forms from fine-grained self-compacting concretes with stone crushing screenings on the territory of crushing and sorting plants will allow organizing a promising business and creating new jobs for residents of rural settlements.
Small forms in the landscape of modern urban city parks
Authors: Mokina Albina , Mokina Anna , Vereshchagina Evelina
Published: June 2021

Today, the culture of modern parks and landscaping is relevant and rapidly developing. A modern park is not just a green area for recreation in the spatial environment of the city, it is a zone of comfort, aesthetics, ecology, engineering innovations, landscape design, sports and walks, a world of interests, it is a harmony of nature, space, small architectural forms. The article analyzes a number of modern Russian parks from the point of view of the spatial organization, mass and cultural recreation places, the scale of territories and volumes, recreational areas for their intended purpose, landscaping and regional aspects. The author also considers the methods of creating an aesthetically harmonious territory, built with smooth transitions from human-made objects to wildlife. The task is to identify the main trends in the organization of the spatial environment of the city park, taking into account the aesthetics of the architectural complex, to track how effectively regional projects of landscaping are implemented in practice. A modern park is a comfortable public all-year-round universal space.
Development of a corporate information system for companies
Authors: Golubeva Olesya , Pogorelova Alina
Published: June 2021

Modern trends in the creation and development of corporate information systems (CIS) are largely determined by their consumer quality. A model of building a corporate information system (CIS) of a universal open architecture is presented. The possibility of using CIS for managing the production processes of a shoe organization is demonstrated.
Improving the efficiency of organizing technical service of equipment for processing oilseeds
Authors: Kurochkin Valentin , Shcherbak Natalia , Nazarenko Sergey
Published: June 2021

In the article presented to your attention, in order to reveal the effectiveness of technical service of equipment for processing oilseeds, the modes of its functioning have been investigated. A multifactor experiment was carried out to determine the minimum costs for organizing the technical service of oil-extracting equipment. The optimal values of the response function Wopt are found, that is, the minimum costs for organizing the technical service of oil-extracting equipment. The response surface has a clear optimum for the following values of the factors: {1.32; 3; 1,022}, the regression equation is obtained. Optimization of the technical service of equipment for processing oilseeds according to this equation makes it possible to increase the coefficient of technical utilization from the existing 0.86 to 0.93, which increases shift productivity and annual production of vegetable oil by 7.0% with a slight increase in total labor costs by 6.69 % due to the increase in the number of repair and technical workers and the strengthening of the service of the chief engineer of the enterprise.
The service life increasing of bushings by electro-acoustic spraying
Authors: Kochetov Andrei , Minakov Valentin , Fisunova Elena , Lavrenova Tatyana , Filonenko Luybov
Published: June 2021

The control of obtaining the predicted physico-mechanical properties of protective coatings of machine parts in a complex acoustic field by the method of electroacoustic spraying is carried out through the use of highly concentrated sources of electrical energy. The prediction of the physico-mechanical properties of the hardened surface of machine parts is made on the basis of the experiment planning methodology with non-orthogonal planning matrices. The adequacy of the obtained mathematical models was carried out using the criterion of adequacy of Fisher. Physical fundamentals of mass transfer of materials to a substrate in a complex acoustic field, realized through the transformation of longitudinal vibrations, to longitudinal-torsional, have been developed, while the amplitude of oscillation of the acoustic system is 5 to 15 micrometers. The use of longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic waveguides in this process and ultrafast cooling temperatures make it possible to form elements such as carbides, carbonitrides, and intermetallic compounds on the surface of a conductive material. The subsequent impact with a shift against the surface produced by the waveguide - electrode leads to irreversible microplastic deformations of the surface layer, which provide the specified parameters of surface quality and its physico-mechanical properties.
Family of universal high-speed cultivators UKS
Authors: Parkhomenko Galina , Kambulov Sergey , Bozhko Igor , Boyko Andrey , Reshenkin Andrey , Belousov Sergey
Published: June 2021

At present, when cultivating various agricultural crops, there is an increased load of machine-tractor units on the soil horizon, due to the use of multi-operational tillage technology. The family of universal high-speed cultivators UKS of 10-, 12- and 14-meters working width simultaneously performs the following technological operations: loosening without turning the layer with cutting and combing out weeds, as well as compacting and mulching the soil surface. UKS cultivators include the following structural elements: a frame with a hitch, a hydraulic system, a disc bar, a frame consisting of the middle and side sections and wings on the transverse bars of which there are five rows of duckfoot paws, support-running wheels, and a scraper frame with seals. In the course of field research of the developed universal high-speed cultivators, it was established that their quality indicators correspond to the agrotechnical requirements: the deviation of the processing depth from the average does not exceed 1.5 cm; the presence of ridges on the surface of the field less than 3 cm high; the number of fractions less than 25 mm in size (crumbling) was more than 80%; crop and plant residues remained on the surface of the field by at least 80%.
Identifying the assets under the Protocol to the Convention on international interests in mobile equipment on matters specific to mining, agricultural and construction equipment
Authors: Volova Larisa , Suzdaleva Anastasia
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this article is to analyze the specifics of qualification of objects, the regulation of rights to which is devoted to the new Protocol to the Convention on international interests in mobile equipment on matters specific to mining, agricultural and construction equipment. Methodology: After the analysis, the study uses generalization method to compile comprehensive view on approaches enshrined in the Convention and the Protocol. Results: Protocol to the Convention on international interests in mobile equipment on matters specific to mining, agricultural and construction equipment establishes a new flexible approach, taking into account the specifics of the regulation of rights to these types of equipment, namely, introducing a special category “immovable-associated equipment”. This approach makes it possible to establish a balance between the international interest in the equipment and the interest arising under the internal law of the state where the equipment is located. Conclusions: The Protocol on matters specific to mining, agricultural and construction equipment contains a flexible approach to qualifications for mining, agricultural and construction machines, which could help reduce the number of conflicts of laws and improve the conditions for cross-border commercial activities in this area.
Analysis of interregional cooperation based on commodity exchange development trends
Authors: Borisova Liudmila , Borisova Dina
Published: June 2021

The study presents the results obtained on the basis of the application of the instrumental-mathematical apparatus for modeling socio-economic processes and systems, including the economic integration of regions, which in further research can be the basis for developing scenarios for the development of interregional ties. The article proposes an approach based on modeling the process of interregional economic integration using the tools of correlation and regression analysis. The results of applying the methodology for aligning the time series of changes in commodity exchange in value terms using the example of the regions of the Southern Federal District made it possible to determine the parameters of the regression line and to check their significance. The presented analysis of the graphical dependences of the commodity exchange of the Rostov region with the rest of the regions characterizes the degree of development and trends of interregional economic integration.