bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemo-Mechanical Grinding for K9 Optical Glass
Authors: Dai Heng Zhen , Jiao Zhen Hua , Wang Bin , Jin Zhu Ji
Published: August 2014

K9 optical glass was widely used in national defense and civilian fields. In this paper, chemo-mechanical grinding (CMG) was applied to process the K9 optical glass. Selecting CeO2, MgO and Fe2O3as CMG abrasives, the corresponding CMG tools were purposely developed for the check experiment. High surface and subsurface qualities on the K9 optical glass specimen were obtained as the polished results by the CeO2-CMG tools. Surface roughness and material removal rate were used to evaluate the grinding performance. The low-abrasive ratio of CeO2-CMG tool was proved as the optimal one, by which the surface roughness Ra reached 0.586nm, and the surface morphology appeared smooth and flat. The angle polishing was applied to detect the subsurface quality and the subsurface cracks were not observed.
Study on Preparation of a High-Strength and High-Toughness Low-Alloy Steel for Cross Member of Forklift Mask
Authors: Yi San Zhou , Su Yong , Wan Bin , Wei Ran
Published: August 2014

According to the performance requirements of the cross member for forklift mask, a new type of high-strength and high-toughness low-alloy steel is designed by multi-element alloying. Through orthogonal testing, the optimized heat treatment technique is obtained. After being normalized at 870°C, quenched at 910°C and tempered at 600°C, the steel produces tempered sorbite which makes the steel the optimum combination of tensile strength Rm and percentage elongation δ (Rm≥750MPa, δ≥20%). Then, the investment casting process is determined. The casting with excellent comprehensive properties is determined.
Effects of Misalignment of Parallel Beam Optics on Thin Film Stress Analysis
Authors: Norberg Nicholas , Vermeulen Arnold C.
Published: August 2014

Collecting reliable data is crucial in the research of residual stresses in thin films using X-ray diffraction. The parallel beam geometry has advantage of reliability compared to focusing beam geometry. Though care must be taken to the alignment. A small alignment error may cause a significant error in the stress value. We will show the sensitivity for the misalignment of the parallel beam optics, discuss requirements on hardware alignment and demonstrate a software correction for the presence of remaining hardware errors.
New Developments of Multireflection Grazing Incidence Diffraction
Authors: Marciszko Marianna , Baczmański Andrzej , Wróbel Mirosław , Seiler Wilfrid , Braham Chedly , Wierzbanowski Krzysztof
Published: August 2014

The multireflection grazing incident X-ray diffraction (MGIXD) is used to determine a stress gradient in thin surface layers (about 1-20 μm for metals). In this work two theoretical developments of this method are presented. The first procedure enables determination of c/a parameter in hexagonal polycrystalline materials exhibiting residual stresses. In the second method, the influence of stacking faults on the experimental data is considered. The results of both procedures were verified using X-rays diffraction.
Looking Towards the Future of Strain Scanning Using Neutron Diffraction
Authors: Wimpory Robert Charles , Boin Mirko
Published: August 2014

All aspects of instrument control, data acquisition, simulation and analysis are expected to merge in the future. For instance real time data analysis will feed back influencing the instrument control in order to optimize the measurement time and simulations themselves will control the instrument. This presentation will discuss how the all-important pre-planning of a measurement can be optimized and used to define the whole measurement, efficiently and effectively using the neutron beamtime.
Application of the Incremental Hole-Drilling Method for the Determination of Residual Stresses in Glass-Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Schweizer Frank , Dickele Marius , Luke Michael
Published: August 2014

The incremental hole-drilling method was adapted for the measurement of residual stresses in polymer based composite materials. The parameters of the hole drilling process and the strain measurement in non-reinforced and 70 weight-percent glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene were investigated. Calibration coefficients for the calculation of the residual stresses in the orthotropic material systems were determined by Finite Element Analysis. By means of application of the method to unidirectional and cross-ply glass-fiber reinforced composites the residual stresses, maximum measurable depths and measurement uncertainties could be derived.
Integral Method Coefficients and Regularization Procedure for the Ring-Core Residual Stress Measurement Technique
Authors: Barsanti Michele , Beghini M. , Santus Ciro , Benincasa Alessio , Bertelli Lorenzo
Published: August 2014

The ring-core method allows the determination of residual stresses at high depth from the surface. The numerical calculation integral method, commonly used for the hole-drilling, can also be applied to the ring-core. The integral method coefficients were obtained for several depth steps after axial-symmetric FE simulations with harmonic load. These coefficients were then validated with a 3D finite element model. Finally, an application was reported, showing the performance of the Tikhonov regularization on experimental data.
Stress Measurement at Loaded Aluminium Welds Using Diffraction Methods
Authors: Workowski Michael , Nitschke-Pagel Thomas , Dilger Klaus
Published: August 2014

Aluminium alloys welded with arc welding and electron beam welding processes were investigated to analyse the local deformation behaviour under static loads. Therefore strain measurements were carried out. These investigations were combined with X-ray diffraction experiments which should provide information about the residual stress condition and additionally about load-induced changes of the hardening condition. Additionally diffraction experiments using synchrotron and neutron radiation where carried out to analyse the deformation behaviour of particular welds under varying static loads.
The Effect of Specimen Size on Residual Stresses in Friction Stir Welded Aluminum Components
Authors: Pfeiffer Wulf , Reisacher Eduard , Windisch Michael , Kahnert Markus
Published: August 2014

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a well-known technique which allows joining of metal parts without severe distortion. Because FSW involves less heat input relative to conventional welding, it may be assumed that cutting specimens from larger friction stir welded components results in a negligible redistribution of residual stresses. The aim of the investigations was to verify these assumptions for a welded aluminum plate and a circumferentially-welded aluminum cylinder. Strain gage measurements, X-ray diffraction and the incremental hole drilling method were used.
Welding Simulation Used in the Design of Metallic Armor Systems
Authors: Fredette Lee , Beach Elvin
Published: August 2014

Welding steel armor reduces the armor materials protection capability. Several industrial and military welding standards exist for welding armor materials with the primary focus on joint strength rather than ballistic integrity.The Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) created by the welding process introduces vulnerabilities in the protection system. The process and designs that we have demonstrated include mitigation features that eliminate the ballistic degradation and provide uniform protection across all armor materials.In this study we used finite element simulation of the welding process to perform trade studies evaluating welded joint designs, and to show how the designs could be altered to both optimize armor performance and reduce welding heat input. A beneficial effect of reduced heat input was the corresponding reduction in welding-induced residual stresses, an overall reduction in assembly distortion in the assembly, and improvement of the armor performance.The simulated welding process included the creation of the heat affected zone and the development of residual stresses in the structure. ABAQUS finite element software was used for the simulation with the aid of an extensive material property database created over the wide range of welding temperatures.The finite element simulation predictions were validated and verified with excellent results by metallography and micro-hardness measurements. Live-fire ballistic tests were used as the final proof of measurable design improvements. Finite element welding simulation was shown to be an effective tool for improving upon standard welded armor designs, and above all in improving human safety.
Investigation of Triaxial Stress State in Retained Austenite during Quenching of a Low Alloy Steel by In Situ X-Ray Diffraction
Authors: Epp Jeremy
Published: August 2014

In situ XRD measurements were performed at ESRF, Grenoble, France (ID11) during quenching of a ball bearing steel AISI 52100 (100Cr6) with varying carbon content in solution. The evolution of austenite lattice parameter during cooling is nearly linear until Ms is reached and then, a divergent behavior can be observed. Assuming that the extrapolation of the linear range to room temperature gives the stress-free lattice spacing, an increasing compressive hydrostatic stress state is resulting. A strong effect of the carbon content was found. These results were confirmed by theoretical calculations based on data from the literature.
Residual Stresses of the As-Cast Mg-xCa Alloys with Hot Sprues by Neutron Diffraction
Authors: Song Jiang Feng , Huang Yuan Ding , Kainer Karl Ulrich , Gan Wei Min , Hort Norbert
Published: August 2014

Residual stresses in Mg-xCa (0.5 wt. % and 1.0 wt. %) cast alloys were investigated by neutron diffraction using a mould with two preheating temperatures of 250 °C and 450 °C. Results show that the increase of Ca content decreases the residual stress in the hot sprue region. These results are quite in agreement with those obtained by the measurement of hot tearing susceptibility, which shows the increment in Ca content improves the castability of Mg-Ca alloys.
The Role of Residual Elastic Stress in Shrinkage of Cold-Pressed and Sintered Fuel Tablets
Authors: Perlovich Yury , Isaenkova Margarita , Krymskaya Olga , Baranov Vitaliy , Perlovich Mikhail , Tenishev Andrey
Published: August 2014

Manufacture of fuel tablets from UO2 powder includes many processes, among which shrinkage without application of external loading till now requires explanations. Particles of UO2 are brittle up to ~ 700°C. By cold pressing due to the porous structure of powder billets separate particles are pressing one into another with accompanying rise of residual elastic stress. Under following heating and sintering plasticization of UO2 occurs, its yield stress decreases and conditions for creep and resulting shrinkage of tablets takes place.
Residual Stresses in Ultrasonically Peened Fillet Welded Joints
Authors: Ahmad Bilal , Fitzpatrick Michael E.
Published: August 2014

Fatigue cracks mostly initiate at areas subjected to high tensile residual stress and stress concentration. Ultrasonic peening is a mechanical method to increase fatigue life by imparting compressive residual stress. In this study residual stresses are characterized in fillet welded ship structural steel plates with longitudinal attachments. As-welded, ultrasonically peened, and specimens peened then subjected to accelerated corrosion testing were measured. Residual stress characterization was performed by the contour method and neutron diffraction.
Understanding the Mechanisms Responsible for the Beneficial Effect of Hammer Peening in Welded Structure under Fatigue Loading
Authors: Lefebvre Fabien , Revilla-Gomez C. , Buffière Jean Yves , Verdu Catherine , Peyrac Catherine
Published: August 2014

The influence of hammer peening on the fatigue resistance of high strength welded joints of the high strength structural steel S690 has been investigated. The effect of three different parameters has been studied: geometrical effect (shape of weld tooth, roughness), microstructural effect (grain microstructure, strain-hardened depth) or residual stress effect evaluated by X-ray diffraction.
X-Ray Diffraction Residual Stress Measurements for Assessment of Rolling Contact Fatigue Behaviour of Railway Steels
Authors: Batista António Castanhola , Nobre Joao P. , Peixoto Daniel F.C. , Ferreira Luis A.A. , de Castro Paulo M.S.T. , Coelho Luís
Published: August 2014

Rolling contact fatigue twin-disc tests were performed on rail/wheel steels from Spanish high velocity trains (AVE). Residual stress profiles were determined using X-ray diffraction before and after cyclic loading. The evolution of residual stress profiles, due to cyclic loading, was analysed in order to study how they affect the rolling contact fatigue behaviour of these materials. This study is included in a major project where other related phenomena and materials’ properties have been studied.
Determination of the Possible Causes of Cracks in Pins of Quick Operating Valves in Hydroelectric Power Plant
Authors: Šarga Patrik , Trebuňa František , Šimčák František , Bocko Jozef
Published: August 2014

During the revision of the individual parts of a hydroelectric power plant the cracks in the pins of quick operating and revision flap valves of Francis turbine were found. Our department has been approached with a request to investigate the causes of these cracks. This paper deals with the complex analysis of influential factors, especially the measurements of residual stresses by hole-drilling method, in order to reveal the factors causing the cracks in the pins.
Determination of Residual Stress Fields in a Thermally Grown Oxide under Thermal Cycling Loadings, Using XRD and Raman Spectroscopy — Correlations with Microstructural States
Authors: Rakotovao Felaniaina , Tao Zhao Jun , Grosseau-Poussard Jean Luc , Panicaud Benoit , Bonnet Gilles , Girault Patrick , Guerain Mathieu
Published: August 2014

The presence of residual stresses in thermal oxide layers has been recognized for a long time. In the present work, the mechanical fields for chromia oxide are determined either by XRD or Raman spectroscopy. In addition, the microstructure of the chromia films is investigated ant its influence on the evolution of the stress release processes is analyzed.
Microstrain and Residual Stress in Thin-Films Made from Silver Nanoparticles Deposited by Inkjet-Printing Technology
Authors: Cauchois Romain , Borbély András , Gergaud Patrice , Saadaoui Mohamed , Inal Karim
Published: August 2014

Colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles are increasingly employed in the fabrication process of electronic devices using inkjet-printing technology and a consecutive thermal treatment. The evolution of internal stresses during the conversion of silver nanoparticle-based ink into a metallic thin-film by a thermal sintering process has been investigated by in-situ XRD using the sin2ψ method. Despite the CTE mismatch at the film/substrate interface, the residual stress in silver films (below 70 MPa) remains lower than in conventional PVD thin-films, as a result of the remaining porosity. A Warren-Averbach analysis further showed that the crystallite growth is associated with a minimization of the twin fault density and the elastic microstrain energy above 150°C. A stabilization of the microstructure and internal stress is observed above 300°C. Inkjet-printing technology thus appears as a good alternative to conventional metallization techniques and offers significant opportunities asset for interconnect and electronic packaging.
Comparison between Conventional Shot Peening (SP) and Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment (SMAT) on a Titanium Alloy
Authors: Gallitelli Donaro , Retraint Delphine , Rouhaud Emmanuelle
Published: August 2014

In this paper the residual stress states induced by conventional shot peening (SP) and surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) are compared. The treated part correspond to plates made of a titanium alloy. Different intensities of these two mechanical treatments are first considered: their influence on the surface characteristics (roughness, hardness...) is studied. These experimental data are then used to develop a model for the residual stress profiles with dimensional analysis, Experimental and analytical approaches are then discussed.
Research and Application of New Drying Process for Germanium Dioxide
Authors: Wang Shao Long , Liu Ya Bin , Zhang Dian Bin , Peng Ming Qing , Wang Rui Shan
Published: August 2014

Oven drying and microwave drying processes for GeO2 after hydrolysis and filtration of GeCl4 were performed, and then the polymorphs, surface morphology and chemical composition, etc. of GeO2 were analyzed. The influence of microwave power and material thickness to GeO2 moisture removal rate was researched in a single-factor-based test. The gained optimum process parameters for microwave drying GeO2 are as below: microwave power is 400~550 W, material thickness for each time is 30~40 mm, and drying time for 1 kg GeO2 is 36.67~40.00 mins. The results show that through the two processes, they can both gain GeO2-06 products meeting national standard, and compare with them to obtain that microwave drying has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, no caking, etc.
Structure and Composition Analysis of Egg Yolk
Authors: Wang Xin , Tong Qi Gen
Published: August 2014

In this paper, the structure and composition of the egg yolk to solve the quality problem of the salted egg, preserved egg, and other products have a guiding role. Refrigeration, heating, formaldehyde solidification method is adopted to study the macroscopic and microscopic structure of egg yolks, results show that three levels yolks, respectively is the middle elastic layer, sand viscous layer, the outer layer, egg yolk, the three layers of macroscopic and microscopic structure exists a big difference.
The Study on Catalytic Properties of Hydrochloric Acid Doped Polyaniline
Authors: Zhong Ping , Cheng Lin Xiu
Published: August 2014

The high purity hydrochloric acid-doped polyaniline has been prepared by chemical oxidation. The catalytic properties in the form of solid have been studied in ethyl acetate. The results show that the yield of ethyl acetate reaches 66.8% when the ratio between the amount of volume of acetic acid and ethanol is l: 2 and the amount of polyaniline is equal to0.6g. The yield of ethyl acetate does not increase with increasing the amount of catalyst, but can increase the number of recycling the catalyst.
Synthesis and Characterization of Triazole-Linked Bistetrahydrobenzofuran Derivatives as Anti-Ulcer Agents
Authors: Yang Quan Li , Chen Chun Xue , Li Wu , Liu Wan , Fang Hu Biao , Huang Nian Yu
Published: August 2014

A pair of triazole-linked bistetrahydrobenzofuran derivatives were prepared in high yields through Cu (II)-catalyzed click reaction under mild conditions. All of the intermediates and target compounds were characterized by NMR, IR, ESI-MS and elemental analysis. The in vitro H+/K+-ATPase inhibitory effect for the target compounds were also evaluated by MTT methods, and the (E)-isomer of the bistetrahydrobenzofurans exhibited the better H+/K+-ATPase inhibitory activities than the commercial omeprazole with the IC50 of 37.90 μM. The bioactive compound might be potentially used as anti-ulcer agents in the treatment of acid-related diseases.
Chemical Composition of the Twig Oil of Litsea mollis from China
Authors: Huang Dong Hai , Wang Fa Song , Li Yun He , Xiang Jia Gui
Published: August 2014

The essential oil from the twig of Litsea mollis was isolated using hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 39 compounds were identified, representing 89.27% of the oil. Among the twig oil compounds, oxygenated monoterpenes (39.06%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (36.62%) were predominant (75.68% in total). Among the oxygenated monoterpenes, eucalyptol (9.9%), (R)-citronellol (7.23%), (R)-citronellal (7.0%), and (Z)-citral (5.03%) were the major compounds. Of the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, β-caryophyllene (7.96%), (-)-α-panasinsene (6.31) and à-Caryophyllene (6.28%) were the main components.
Synthesis of Ni(II)-imprinted Mesoporous Silica Adsorbents by Surface Imprinting Technology for Removal of Ni(II) from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Meng Xiang Guo , Guo Wen Lu , Luo Min , Sun Ping
Published: August 2014

Ni(II)-imprinted polymer has been prepared by surface imprinting technique based on support matrix of mesoporous silica SBA-15. The obtained adsorbent was characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption. The compound retained mesoporous structure and the polymer coated inside channels and outside surface hole wall. The adsorption behavior was carried out with Ni(II)-IIP in batch experiments. The results suggested that Ni(II)-IIP could be used as an excellent adsorbent for efficient removal of Ni(II) from aqueous solution.
Effect of Temperature on Activities of Cell Wall Enzymes of Kiwifruit during the Shelf Life
Authors: Pan Yan Fang , Chen Huan Huan , Li Xi Hong , Chen Hua You , Wang Wei , Zhang Ya Zhou
Published: August 2014

Taking kiwifruits stored 60 days at 0°C as material, studied on the effect of three temperature treatments on hardness and cell wall enzymes activity during the shelf life. The results indicated that the time of firmness decreased to 3 kg·cm-2 at 0°C extended 17 days and 29 days than at 10°Cand at 20°C respectively. Low temperature treatments could effectively inhibited PG, Cx and PE activities, thus extended shelf life. The time of PG activity reached the peak at 0°C was 28 days, later than at10°C and at 20°C by 16 days and 20 days respectively . The Cx activity peak at 0°C was 1.31×103 μg/h·g and much smaller than at 10°C 1.77×103μg/h·g and at 20°C 1.95×103μg/h·g. PE activity of 0°C has remained the lowest state after three days. So The best treatment was 0°C.
Application of Foam Separation Technology to Tea Saponin Extraction
Authors: Wu Yu Qiong
Published: August 2014

In this paper, a purity of 52.58% crude tea saponin as the research object, through the foam separation technology, tea saponin extraction process was researched. The feed concentration, gas flow rate, liquid volume and pH value were studied through single factor experiment, the rate of recovery and enrichment ratio as evaluation indexes, the single factor experiment results are analyzed, The design of L9 (34) orthogonal test was applied to confirm the optimum condition: the initial feed solution concentration 0.3mg/ml, air velocity 100ml/min, pH value of 6.5, liquid volume 35ml, enrichment ratio of 3.7896, the recovery rate 82.06%. The purity of the product reached 89.48% under the optimal operation conditions. The results showed that the foam separation techniques is applicable to tea saponin extraction.
Influence of Synthesis Parameters on the Formation of SAPO-5 from Metakaolin
Authors: Liu Shou Qing , Luo Zhong Qiu , Zhang Zhao Shu , Zhou Xin Tao , Xia Ju Pei
Published: August 2014

SAPO-5 molecular sieves was hydrothermally synthesized using metakaolin simultaneously as silica and aluminum sources, triethylamine as template agent, and phosphoric acid as phosphorous source. The influence of crystallization time, amount of triethylamine, hydrofluoric acid, and water on the structure and composition of crystalline phase were investigated. The structure and composition of product were analyzed by means of XRD, and BET. It was showed that the SAPO-5 molecular sieves with high crystallinity and well-defined morphology can be synthesized with a molar ratio of MK:P2O5:2.5TEA: 0.1HF:70H2O in the final reaction mixture at 200°C for 24h.
An Improved Total Synthesis of 5'-Deoxytoyocamycin
Authors: Ruan Zhi Zhong , Gong Zi Wen , Xiao Qiang , Yang Ru Chun
Published: August 2014

In this paper, we report an efficient total synthesis of 5-deoxytoyocamycin, which was isolated from microbial sources with excellent antitumor activity. Our synthetic strategy uses 1,2,3-triacetate-5-deoxyribose as the starting material and Vorbrüggen glycosylation as the key step.
An Efficient Synthesis of 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl Choline Phosphate
Authors: Bai Jiang , Gong Zi Wen , Yang Ru Chun , Xiao Qiang
Published: August 2014

An efficient approach for the synthesis of 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl choline phosphate, a synthetic enzyme substrate for detecting phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C, is reported.
Reductive Transformation of p-Nitrophenol by the Effect of the Low Crystalline γ-FeOOH and Oxalic Acid
Authors: Han Peng , Chen Ru Fen , Liu Hui , Wei Yu
Published: August 2014

Low Lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) was synthesized with air oxidation method. In anaerobic conditions, the reductive transformation of p-nitrophenol (p-NP) was investigated with the low crystalline γ-FeOOH as catalyst in the presence of oxalic acid. Results showed that the oxalic acid could effectively promoted the reduction of p-NP, the optimal concentration for the oxalic acid was 2.0 mM. The surface bound Fe (II) concentration of γ-FeOOH was indirectly detected, which showed reductive transformation mainly referred to Fe (II) mechanism.
Inhibition of Tumor Cell Proliferation In Vitro by Benzamide Derivatives
Authors: Wu Yan Ling , Shen Li Wen , Ding Yan Ping , Tanaka Yoshimasa , Zhang Wen
Published: August 2014

Benzamide derivatives have been shown to have antitumor activity in various tumor cell lines in vitro as well as in vivo. In this study, we examined the anti-proliferative effect of four benzamide derivativeson Hela, H7402, and SK-RC-42 tumor cell lines in vitro by means of Real-Time cell assay (RTCA), and found that four benzamide derivatives suppressed proliferation of tumor cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner. The anti-proliferative activity of benzamide derivatives demonstrated that theycould be promising lead compounds for developing therapeutic agents for malignant tumors.
Visible-Light-Induced Degradation of Rhodamine B by Wool-Fe Catalyst
Authors: Ye Ying , Hu Yang , Yi Shi Xiong , Sun Sheng , Deng Yi Min
Published: August 2014

The wool fiber was applied for the support to immobilize ferric ion at room temperature, and the wool-Fe complexes obtained were used as heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for the degradation of Rhodamine B under visible light irradiation. Some factors affecting the degradation of dyes such as ferric ion concentration, catalyst dosage and pH values were investigated. In addition, the photo catalytic degradation of dyes was examined by UV-Vis spectra. The results indicated that increasing ferric ion concentration and catalyst dosage in solution led to the higher decoloration rate of dyes with pH≤6.0. The wool-Fe catalyst exhibits an obvious absorption in the visible region and could effectively degrade Rhodamine B in the presence of H2O2 under visible light irradiation.
Osteogenic Differentiation of ADSCs in Novel Microbeads in Dynamic Environment
Authors: Song Ke Dong , Li Xiang Qin , Li Shi Xiao , Fang Mei Yun , Shi Fang Xin , Ji Li Li , Liu Tian Qing
Published: August 2014

Feasibility of constructing bone microbeads by culturing encapsulated ADSCs in calcium alginate/bone powder (CABP) microbeads in spinner flask was explored. Experimental group was osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated ADSCs in CABP microbeads in spinner flask, control group I and II were osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs encapsulated in CABP microbeads and in calcium alginate microbeads in T-flasks, respectively. Growth status of encapsulated ADSCs in beads was observed by Calcein-AM/PI Staining. After 14 days of induction, ALP staining was used to qualitatively detect ALP in culture media. After 21 days, alizarin red staining and von-kossa staining were both used to detect mineralized nodules in cells. The growth state and proliferation ability of ADSCs in three groups were quite good. After 4 days of induction, ALP was detected in culture media, and ALP content reached the maximum on day 14, while mineralized nodules began to generate. ALP, alizarin red and von-kossa staining in experimental group showed higher osteogenic capacity than that in control groups. Three-dimensional dynamic environment and bone power could work together to promote osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated ADSCs in CABP microbeads, constructing tissue engineered bone microbeads successfully.
Application of Rabbit Protein in Calligraphy Paper
Authors: Yang Wei Zhen , Zhang Yi , Wang Ai Juan , Li Ming Chao
Published: August 2014

Rabbit is a traditional textile material and has protein content about 93%. Rabbit hair wastes are abundantly present in textile processing due to its poor spinnability. In order to recycle the waste rabbit fiber effectively, the rabbit protein was researched. The papermaking method was performed for the first time and their properties of the hybrid paper were discussed in this study. Different contents of rabbit protein were successfully prepared and mixed with pulp fibers to remade papers. Finally, performances of these papers were characterized. The results showed that the surface of the rabbit protein paper was flat, white and writing fluently. The ink absorbance of novel paper increased. Moreover mechanical properties of the rabbit protein paper were stronger than the untreated paper. The folding endurance decreased firstly and then increased.
Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Properties of Two Transition Metal Complexes Based on 4, 4'-{[2, 2'-(ethane-1, 2-bicarboxymethyl)] amino-bis(acetyl)} Dibenzoic Acid
Authors: Bing Ying Ying , Gao Hong , Hu Ming
Published: August 2014

Two isostructural transition metal complexes based on the 4,4'-{[2,2'-(ethane-1,2-bicarboxymethyl)] amino-bis (acetyl)} dibenzoic acid (H4L) were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions, namely, [M(H2L)(H2O)]·3H2O (M=Ni, 1 ; Co, 2). The two compounds were structurally characterized by infrared spectra, thermogravimetric analysis and single crystal X-ray diffractions. Compounds 1-2 are mononuclear units and further extended to generate the two dimensional structures by hydrogen-bonds and π-π interactions. Compounds 1 exhibit the high thermal stability.
Effect of Calcination Temperature of Carbon Doped TiO2 (C-TiO2) on Photocatalytic Activity under Visible Light
Authors: Krishnan Jagannathan , Mohamad Elvana Nerissa , Sikirman Arman
Published: August 2014

Carbon doped TiO2 was prepared by solgel method using titanium isopropoxide and acetylacetone as the precursors for titanium and carbon respectively. Systematic studies on the calcination temperature and its impact on surface properties and photocatalytic activities under visible light was investigated. The dopant concentration was fixed at 0.75% and the calcinations temperature was varied from 450 to 750oC.The prepared photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis DRS and FESEM in order to understand the relationship between the properties and its photocatalytic activities. The photocatalytic activity was measured by carrying out a standard photodegradation test under domestic illumination lamp with methylene blue as the model pollutant. With three hours of irradiation time, 69.7% of methylene blue was removed by C-TiO2 which was calcined at an optimum temperature of 600°C.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Reactive Red 195 Using Wool-Supported Fe(III) Complex as a Highly Active Heterogeneous Catalyst
Authors: Ye Ying , Hu Yang , Yi Shi Xiong , Sun Sheng , Deng Yi Min
Published: August 2014

In order to obtain a practical Fenton catalyst with low cost, the wool-Fe complex was prepared by a reaction between a wool fiber and ferric chloride at room temperature and characterized using FTIR. This material was then used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the degradation of Reactive Red 195 widely used for the coloration of textiles. Some factors affecting the degradation of Reactive Red 195 such as concentration of Fe3+ ions and pH value were investigated. Additionally, the UV-Vis spectra techniques were used to elucidate the catalytic activity of wool-Fe complex under visible light irradiation. The results indicated that wool fibers were able to coordinate with ferric ions in aqueous solution. The higher catalytic activity was obtained at higher concentration of Fe3+ in the solution with pH≤6.0.
Preparation of CeO2 with Different Morphologies and Its Application to Catalytic Ozonation of Aqueous Lemon Yellow Solutions
Authors: Qiu Xian Hua , Su Xiang Yu , Li Xue Jun , Li Na
Published: August 2014

Taking Ce (NO3)3•6H2O as cerium source, CeO2 nanosheets, CeO2 nanorods and CeO2 nanotubes were prepared using hydrothemal process. Characterization of chemical structure and surface properties for these materials was carried out and their efficacy in the catalytic ozonation degradation of wastewater was investigated. The results showed that the surface morphology and reaction conditions played great role in the removal of organic compounds. It was found that the CeO2 nanotubes showed superior catalytic activity. When 0.5 g of CeO2 nanotubes and 15 mg/min of ozone were applied in catalytic ozonation, the mineralization rate reached 97% after 2 h treatment for 1 L of model wastewater containing lemon yellow with 100 mg/L TOC.
Synthesis and Characterization of Monodisperse Spherical SiO2@Y2O3: Tb3+ Particles with Core-Shell Structure
Authors: Wang Huan , Liu Ya Bing , Kong Ling Wei
Published: August 2014

Spherical submicron SiO2 particles have been coated with luminescent Y2O3: Tb3+ layers by a Pechini sol-gel process, resulting in the formation of SiO2@Y2O3: Tb3+ core-shell particles. The obtained core–shell phosphors have perfect spherical shape with narrow size distribution (average size ca. 450 nm), smooth surface and non-agglomeration. The thickness of shells could be easily controlled by changing the number of deposition cycles (35 nm for two deposition cycles). Under the excitation of ultraviolet, the Tb3+ ion mainly shows its characteristic emissions in the core-shell particles from Y2O3: Tb3+) shells. The emission intensity of Tb3+ can be tuned by the annealing temperature and the number of coating cycles.
Compression Resistance of Polythene Coatings for Welded Joint on Pipeline
Authors: Du Chang , Chen Yang , Li Ming
Published: August 2014

With indentation and puncture tests, this article chooses several typical 3PE heat shrinkable sleeve field coating material, characterizes their compression resistance and influence factors by determination on the proportion of indentation depth (PID) and bursting strength. The result shows that temperature has significant effect to PID, the average PID is 4.75% and 11.70% separately on the condition of 10MPa, 23°C and 50°C; the bursting strength is mostly influenced by thickness, with the minimum of 1216N; the original density has no effect to compression resistance.
Progress of Research in the Action Mechanism of Grain Growth Inhibitor for Cemented Carbide
Authors: Wang Jun
Published: August 2014

Three hypotheses for the grain growth inhibiting mechanism of carbide grain were described in this paper: the dissolution hypothesis, the adsorption hypothesis and the segregation hypothesis. The weakness of these three existing hypotheses has been pointed out. On the basis of analyzing the existing research results of other researchers, this paper proposed a new grain growth inhibiting mechanism: segregation - dissolution hypothesis.
The Synthesis and Characterization of Dispersant for LiFePO4 Lithium Ion Battery Slurry
Authors: Ren Yun , Wang Bo , Zhang Da Hai , Gao Yu Hong
Published: August 2014

The acrylic acid copolymerized with allyl polyethenoxy ether, to produce the dispersant for LiFePO4 lithium ion battery slurry. Taking the quality of acrylic acid as a benchmark, the orthogonal experiment was used to optimalize the burden: the acrylic acid (AA) is 100%, maleic anhydride (MA) is 10%,ethyl acrylate (EA) is 2%, sodium allylsulfonate (ALS) is 6%, allyl polyethenoxy ether (APEG1200) is 60%. The effect of dispersant concentration to slurry fluidity was studied,LiFePO4 content in pulp was 75%, graphitized carbon black was 0.75%,the optimum amount of the dispersant is 0.3wt% of the LiFePO4, the slurry initial viscosity is 1806 mPa.s and 2337 mPa.s after 90min which meet requirements for coating technology.
Method for Making Artificial Core Using Dry Cement as Cementing Agent
Authors: Chen Xian Ming , Zhang Yong
Published: August 2014

As the core and geological conditions is poor, it is difficult to get ideal cores for the laboratory flow experiment, especially for the weak bonding natural sandstone core and core resources affects the evaluation experiment. This paper describes the use of cement as cementing agent to make artificial sandstone core technology. Based on the principle of cementation solidifying when cement meets water in normal temperature and pressure conditions, using the cement as the cementing agent , contrasting different proportion of cement and core permeability to obtained the relationship curve . With the decrease of the proportion of cement, the cementation gradually weakened. When the ratio is less than 10 than 1, the core permeability variation in saturated water or not is certain, maintained at around 5%.
Research on Optimization Design of EPS Module Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure
Authors: Qian Kun , Wang Miao , Jia Guang Hui , Xia Yuan
Published: August 2014

Advantages of EPS module Reinforced concrete frame structure are enormous. For example, High precision, low cost, fast construction speed, low energy consumption. It has a wide application prospect in town building and post disaster reconstruction, cold region housing industrialization and other fields. It must have considerable economic benefit, if we can optimize the design reasonable on EPS module Reinforced concrete frame structure. As the design variables, constraint conditions, calculation and other reasons. In fact we are not on the EPS module Reinforced concrete frame structure to optimize the design of effective. This paper analyzed the EPS module of reinforced concrete frame structure and engineering optimization design theory development trend, research on EPS module of reinforced concrete frame structure optimization design problem and discusses the EPS module structure of reinforced concrete frame structure optimization design of the feasibility of using genetic algorithm.
Preparation, Characterization and Physical Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Layered Clay Nanocomposites
Authors: Tian Hong Yan , Wang Yue Hui , Liu Chun , Niu Kui
Published: August 2014

This work focused on the preparation of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/ layered double hydroxide (LDH) and LDHSA nanocomposites by casting method. The morphology and interlayer spacing of the composites were characterized. The mechanical properties and the photochemical stability of the film of PVA, PVA/LDH and PVA/LDHSA have been studied and compared with PVA/MMT nanocomposites reported in previously. The results indicated that the thermal stability and dynamic mechanical properties of the PVA matrix in the PVA/LDH films and PVA/MMT films was enhanced. PVA/LDH films and PVA/OMMT films were shown stable photochemically more than those of pure PVA.
Effect of B4C Content on Densification Behavior of SiC-B4C Ceramics
Authors: Zhang Yun Long , Zhang Yu Min , Hu Ming , Song Xiao Gang
Published: August 2014

The SiC-B4C multi-phase ceramics was fabricated by gas-pressure sintering technology. The rare-earth oxide Al2O3 combined with Er2O3/SiO2 was served as sintering aids. The results were shown that the combination of Al2O3/Er2O3/SiO2 sintering additives were effective for densification of SiC-B4C multi-phase ceramics. The influence of B4C content on the phase constitution, microstructure and densification behavior of the SiC-B4C multi-phase ceramics were detailed. The lose weight and volume shrinkage rate of SiC-B4C multi-phase ceramics had similar evolvement trend when B4C content increased.
Keywords: Gas-Pressure Sintering, SiC-B4C multi-phase ceramics, densification behavior.
Influence of KF Concentration on the Coating Performance of SiCn/Mg Composites
Authors: Zhang Yun Long , Zhang Yu Min , Huang Zhi Qiu , Liao Ping
Published: August 2014

The network SiC ceramics was prepared by organic foam impregnation and pressure-less sintering technology. The co-continuous SiCn/Mg composites were fabricated by vacuum infiltration methods. The results proved that coarse surface was observed on the surface of SiC network ceramics, which was helpful for interface reaction of metal alloy during impregnation process. The continuous interface can be formed in the SiCn/Mg composites. KF concentration had more important influence on coatings morphologies and polarization behaviors of SiCn/Mg composites during micro-arc oxidation process.Key words: Interpenetrating, Ceramic Coatings, Micro-arc Oxidation
Impact of Rubber Modifier on the Rheological Properties of Asphalt
Authors: Zhou Zhi Gang , Lei Min , Chen Ju Yong
Published: August 2014

Using crumb rubber to modify asphalt binder can not only improve the binder properties, but also shows environmental and economical advantages. To evaluate the function of the RM modifier in binders, physical properties and rheological properties were investigated. Specifically, the high and low temperature sweep methods was used to investigate influence that the RM on rheological properties of binders. Results showed that binder modification using the RM produces significant increase in both physical properties and rheological properties. Consequently, enhanced resistance to permanent deformation, increased low-temperature cracking and reduced temperature sensitivity can be expected in RM binder.
Preparation and Properties of Glycerol Plasticized-Corn Starch/Titanium Dioxide-Starch Bionanocomposites
Authors: Wang Chun Rong , Yan Xian Zai , Yu Li Li , Fang Rong
Published: August 2014

A bionanocomposite was cast using TiO2 nanoparticles stabilized by soluble starch (nanoTiO2) as filler in a glycerol plasticized-pea starch (GPS) matrix. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show that TiO2 nanoparitlces were encapsulated by starch partly in nanoTiO2 particles of about 20 nm. In GPS/nanoTiO2 nanocomposites, loading a low level of nanoTiO2 particles improved the mechanical properties When the nanoTiO2 content varied from 0 to 4 wt%, the tensile yield strength and Young’s modulus increased from 2.11 to 8.35 MPa and from 21.3 to 211.6 MPa respectively. The improvement in these properties may be attributed to the interaction between the nanoTiO2 filler and GPS matrix.
Desulfurization of Petroleum Coke via Alkali Calcination
Authors: Wang Ming Hua , Yang Amin , Wang Miao , Zhang Xin Yuan , Zhai Yu Chun
Published: August 2014

Alkali desulfurization of petroleum coke is an important technology, can improve the performance of the final products of petroleum coke, while reducing air pollution. This paper studied the conditions for desulfurization of calcined petroleum coke using NaOH solid powders. The experimental results show that, the grain size in the range of experiment did not seem to influence desulphurization. With the increase of temperature, adding alkali coke ratio, reaction time, desulfurization of petroleum coke rate increased. In the alkali coke ratio of 2, the reaction temperature is 500°C, the reaction time is 2 h, the desulfurization of petroleum coke ratio reached 98.1%. Desulfurization of petroleum coke rate by prolonging the reaction time, to a certain extent, maintains the same level of lowing alkali coke ratio.
Effects of Preparation Methods on Morphologies of Alumina Templates and Cu Nanowires
Authors: Zhang Xiao Yan , Wang Ming Hua , Zhai Yu Chun
Published: August 2014

Metallic nanowires have been widely studied in various fields due to its special properties such as electronic, optical and chemical. Conventional methods for the preparation of Cu nanowires are usually not accessible by using porous alumina templates due to restriction on using two-step anode oxidation, sputtering Au film, etc. In this paper, the porous alumina template was prepared by one-step anodization. An Al sheet was employed as cathode instead of a valuable Pt or graphite electrode. The Al substrate of alumina template was removed by using the concentrated hydrochloric acid/ethanol solution instead of a heavy metallic salt solution of SnCl4, HgCl2 or CuCl2 used in documents. Cu nanowires were prepared in the porous alumina template by electro-deposition with moving cathode. Some of Cu nanowires were neatly assembled together to form a hemispherical structure and were protected from oxidation. The operations can reduce the cost and simplify the operation.
Experiment Study on Accessories Matching of Anchor Bolt Support System in Coal Mine-A Case Study
Authors: Zheng Yang Fa , Wang Tie Nan
Published: August 2014

Reasonable matching with each accessories’ mechanical adaptability of anchor bolting system is the basis for the protection of support effect in roadways. In this paper, taking Huozhou mine area for example, load process of four kind of bolt bars with different spec, bearing capacity of circular pallets, and transformation test of bolts pretension moment were compared and analyzed by loading method in laboratory. The results show that, pallet arch structure significantly impact on its bearing capacity. the two kind spec of circular pallets’ bearing capacity were not sufficient to match tensile force requirements of the high strength bolt, the pallet arch height needs to increase to meet the high load demand. Various anti-friction components significantly improve pretension transformation for bolt moment, in which, nylon gasket can increase the conversion efficiency with more than 30%, and the steel ball bearing with one multiple nearly.
Mathematical Simulation and Optimization of Structure and Performance of Air Way of Purging Plug in Ladle
Authors: Yang Wen Gang , Liu Guo Qi , Yang Feng Ling , Ma Tian Fei
Published: August 2014

The temperature and thermal stress of different air ways of purging plug were comparatively analyzed by means of finite element method. Combined with the physical properties of the air ways of purging plug, a set of field tests were carried out for the optimum structure. The results showed that the structure of air ways of purging plug had great impact on the thermal stress. In service process, the damage of the air way was mainly caused by tensile stress in axial direction. By evenly distributes the tensile stress in axial direction, the stress decreased by 40% compared with the original one, and thermal shock resistance of purging plug D with circular slit structure has been improved and also proved in the field test.
Influence of the Composition and Preparation Methods of the Catalysts for Methane Combustion
Authors: Weng Chen Chen , Ma Yin Hua , Fu Yun Shuang , Hu Jia Nan , Hu Rui Sheng
Published: August 2014

Some researches of the catalyst for methane combustion were presented in recent years. The composition and preparation methods of the catalysts were discussed for methane combustion reaction. The results showed that the composition and preparation of catalyst is closely related to the activity for methane combustion, especially for the noble metals methane combustion catalyst, perovskite methane combustion catalyst and so on.
Research on the Effects of the Capillary Wall and the Different Flow Rate to the Process of the Drop Formation in the Developing Nozzle
Authors: Liu Xue Ping , Wang Han , Xu Qiang
Published: August 2014

In the process of integrated circuit manufacturing, the uniformity of the development process is very important, and the key point is to make sure the stability of the frequency and the volume of the drop flowing out of the capillaries of the developing nozzle. The process of the drop formation is governed by the Navier-Stocks equation, which is solved by the finite volume method, and the structured grid is meshed for the axial symmetry model of the capillary. And then the interface of the two different phases, vapor phase and liquid phase, is tracked by the model of VOF(volume of fluid). The influence of the liquid phase velocity in the capillary to the frequency and the volume of drop is analyzed, also the effects of the capillary wall to the process of the drop formation were studied. The results of the research are useful for the designers to design the capillaries structure in the developing nozzle.