bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethanol Analysis in Postmortem and Human Performance Forensic Toxicology Cases
Authors: Lemos Nikolas P.
Published: June 2018

Ethanol analysis is probably the most common procedure performed in forensic and analytical toxicology laboratories worldwide. Ethanol poisoning is very important in both clinical and forensic investigations. In clinical evaluations, measuring the ethanol concentration is necessary for the timely and appropriate delivery of care to patients who may experience discomfort or life threatening ethanolic overdose or mixed ethanol-drug intoxication. In forensic toxicology investigations, ethanol is routinely measured in both human performance forensic toxicology cases such as drug-facilitated crimes and driving-under-the-influence cases, as well as in postmortem forensic toxicology cases. This review presents information regarding the most commonly analyzed biological specimens used in alcohol analysis including, among others, blood, breath, urine, oral fluid, and vitreous humor. Additionally, it presents the various chemical, biochemical, gas chromatographic, and breath testing techniques commonly employed in ethanol analysis and considers the main advantages and disadvantages of each. Finally, a brief discussion of quality assurance in alcohol analysis is presented.
Postmortem Ethanol Concentrations and Postmortem Ethanol Production
Authors: Hanzlick Randy L.
Published: June 2018

A review of the literature was conducted in reference to postmortem blood ethanol concentrations and the issue of postmortem production of ethanol. Ethanol in postmortem specimens may occur as a result of antemortem consumption (most common), postmortem production in the body or in vitro by microorganisms (less common), and endogenous production by microorganisms during life (rare). The portion of ethanol-positive postmortem cases in which postmortem production of ethanol is thought to have occurred is small, as is the portion of cases in which postmortem production of ethanol is a potentially important issue. It is unusual for postmortem production of ethanol to account for more than a 70 mg/dL concentration, but cases with higher concentrations occasionally occur. Cases in which blood ethanol is positive but vitreous ethanol concentration is much lower or negative, and/or in which the urine: blood ethanol concentration ratio is less than one are supportive of postmortem ethanol production. The presence of other alcohols such as n-propanol and/or n-butanol is suggestive of postmortem microbial production of ethanol. The ratio of serotonin metabolites in urine may be helpful in distinguishing postmortem production of ethanol from antemortem consumption, as may the concentration of ethyl glucuronide in blood. Candida and some other species may produce ethanol in urine antemortem and postmortem. In rare instances such as infections, endogenous ethanol production may occur in a living person. Recommendations are made concerning samples to collect and tests that may be helpful in distinguishing antemortem ethanol consumption from postmortem production of ethanol.
Acute Alcohol Toxicity
Authors: Morley Stephen R. , Smith Paul , Johnson Christopher
Published: June 2018

Acute alcohol (ethanol) toxicity is a definition that encompasses both the metabolic toxicity of alcohol and the association of alcohol with traumatic deaths, suicide, and criminal activities. As with any postmortem measurement, there must be control of postmortem sampling, storage of specimens, and appropriate analysis to ensure that there is not artifactual alcohol production or incorrect measurement of other postmortem alcohols. It is almost unheard of for acute alcohol toxicity to cause death secondary to metabolic effects in a naïve individual, although there has been a recent trend in social media dares that have led to deaths due to isolated episodes of extreme alcohol consumption. However, in most cases, there will be evidence for chronic alcohol misuse at the postmortem examination.
Suicide with Vecuronium and Etomidate: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Detweiler Claire J. , Mambo Nobby C.
Published: June 2018

A case of suicidal death due to intravenous self-administration of vecuronium and etomidate by a registered nurse is being reported. Toxicologic blood analysis showed a vecuronium concentration of 0.023 mg/L, an etomidate concentration of 0.041 μg/mL, and an ethanol concentration of 113 mg/dL. The autopsy, toxicologic analysis, and crime scene investigation findings indicated that this was suicidal death caused by respiratory failure secondary to vecuronium administration exacerbated by sedation secondary to etomidate and ethanol use. Review of the medical literature and popular press media has identified several instances in which vecuronium has been used in homicidal deaths, but it has identified few cases in which vecuronium or etomidate, alone or in conjunction with another drug, have been used to commit suicide.
Nontraumatic Liver Herniation through a Right–Sided Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia of Morgagni: An Autopsy Case Report with a Review of Liver Herniations through the Defect and a Review of the Defect
Authors: Mambo Nobby C.
Published: June 2018

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia of Morgagni (CMH) is a rare developmental defect that develops during the development of the human diaphragm. It is usually right-sided and tends to produce symptoms in later life when abdominal viscera herniate into the chest cavities.

Herniations of the liver through this defect into the chest cavities are rare and are often not clinically suspected even when they are associated with symptoms. The amounts of liver tissue involved are usually small, do not cause symptoms and are often an incidental finding during imaging studies of the chest for unrelated symptoms.

This case report documents a clinically unrecognized incidental herniation of the liver into the right chest cavity through a CMH. The report also reviews previously reported cases of liver herniations through a CMH and the possible causes of the defect.
Identifying Errors in Forensic Autopsy Reports Using a Novel Web-Based Program
Authors: Cain Matthew D. , Brazelton Jason , Dye Daniel W.
Published: June 2018

Introduction

Autopsy reports are often complex, with ample opportunity for errors and inconsistencies. These reports are often scrutinized by both families and attorneys. Identification of errors by proofreading physicians or clerical staff can be improved by utilizing a computer program to examine reports for discrepancies.

Methods

A webpage to review demographic consistency, organ descriptions, and pertinent information regarding gunshot wounds was developed to proofread reports. Thirty completed reports were analyzed from the Jefferson County Coroner/Medical Examiner Office. Additionally, a separate individual was instructed to sabotage reports and then determine if the software could detect the alterations.

Results

Of the 30 completed reports analyzed, no errors/omissions were identified; however, these reports were accurate upon manual inspection. Rarely, the computer triggered a warning that an organ should be confirmed if the author used a description that differed from the software's vocabulary (e.g., the author discussed “uterine wall” instead of “uterus”). The webpage detected eight out of ten errors supplied to the five sabotaged cases. These errors ranged from inconsistent age, race, and gender, to incomplete gunshot wound descriptions.

Conclusion

Identification of errors by a computer proofreading program can improve autopsy report quality. The webpage has been designed so that additional modules, such as strangulation proofreading, could easily be added. Furthermore, the ability of the software to detect errors will continue to improve as more words are added to its vocabulary. The webpage is freely available and can be adapted to other medical examiner offices needs from the GitHub website.
Ten Percent of SIDS Cases are Murder — or are They?
Authors: Milroy Christopher M. , Kepron Charis
Published: June 2018

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has been used as a cause of death for over four decades. It has allowed deaths of infants to be registered as natural. Within this group of deaths, a certain number have been recognized to be homicides from inflicted smothering rather than being natural or accidental deaths. Research has been conducted using confidential inquires to determine how frequent homicide is in cases called SIDS. This paper traces the history of quoted rates of homicide. Early work suggested the figure was between 2-10% of all SIDS cases, though other workers have suggested figures as high as 20-40%. With the fall in the rate of infant deaths following the “Back to Sleep” campaigns, these figures have been reevaluated. If the higher figures were correct that 20-40% of SIDS were homicides, the fall in infant deaths would be expected to be less than it has been. Current data suggests a much lower figure than 10% of current cases, with much lower overall rates of infant deaths.

As well as 10% of SIDS cases having been stated to be homicides, a related question is whether multiple deaths classified as SIDS are really homicides. The paper discusses the maxim that one death is a tragedy, two is suspicious, and three deaths indicate homicide. The paper also looks at court cases and the approach that has been made in prosecutions of sudden unexpected death in infancy as multiple murder.
An Approach to the Classification of Apparent Asphyxial Infant Deaths
Authors: Matshes Evan W. , Lew Emma O.
Published: June 2018

Recent evidence indicates that with thorough, high quality death investigations and autopsies, forensic pathologists have recognized that many unexpected infant deaths are, in fact, asphyxial in nature. With this recognition has come a commensurate decrease in, and in some cases, abolition of, the label “sudden infant death syndrome” (SIDS). Current controversies often pertain to how and why some infant deaths are determined to be asphyxial in nature and whether or not apparent asphyxial circumstances are risk factors for SIDS, or rather, harbingers of asphyxial deaths. In an effort to sidestep these controversies, some forensic pathologists elected to instead use the noncommittal label “sudden unexpected infant death” (SUID), leading to the unfortunate consequence of SUID – like SIDS – gaining notoriety as an actual disease that could be diagnosed, studied, and ultimately cured. Although it is not possible to provide death certification guidance for every conceivable type of unexpected infant death, we recognize and propose a simple classification system for overarching themes that cover the vast majority of cases where infants die suddenly and unexpectedly.
Ruptured Dural Arteriovenous Fistula/Malformation
Authors: Snyder Vivian S. , Chen James Y. , Hansen Lawrence A.
Published: June 2018

When “common things are common,” the discovery of a subdural hemorrhage in an adult is most likely to be due to trauma. When the subdural hemorrhage is associated with an intraparenchymal hematoma, statistically speaking, the subdural hemorrhage is likely the result of a hypertensive hemorrhage that has ruptured into the subdural space or trauma that resulted from a collapse to the ground following hypertensive intra-axial bleeding. However, “common things” do not always explain the source of a subdural hemorrhage or intraparenchymal hematoma. In this case, an adult woman presented to the hospital obtunded and was diagnosed with a subdural hemorrhage (with mass effect) and intraparenchymal hematoma as the result of a ruptured dural arteriovenous fistula/malformation. This case highlights an unusual source of intracranial bleeding that resulted in death.
Clinical Examination and Reporting of a Victim of Torture
Authors: Herath Jayantha C. , Pollanen Michael S.
Published: June 2018

Torture is the most inhuman form of punishment. Forensic practitioners should be aware of the common forms of torture, their presentation, and the after effects. Forensic practitioners should examine victims and issue an impartial report to serve mankind in accordance with the United Nations organization. Clinical forensic medicine is the application of medical knowledge for the assessment of injuries in living persons for the purposes of administering justice. Unfortunately, the forensic examination of living individuals is a comparatively neglected field of forensic practice in some countries. In this article, common presentations of torture in the clinical forensic medicine setting are discussed, with special attention to physical forms of torture, common presentations, after effects of torture, and recognizing the difficulties encountered by refugee claims of torture victims. We also describe how to examine and report a victim of torture in clinical forensic medicine. It is a known fact that some of the refugee claimants who come before the refugee claim board have been subjected to torture. They are walking reminders of the worst ways people can treat to fellow human beings. It is sad to see some doctors still participate or collaborate with perpetrators and at the same time there are some reported cases of physicians being imprisoned due to reporting of torture victims in certain countries.
Forensic Legacy of the Khmer Rouge: The Cambodian Genocide
Authors: Gruspier Katherine , Pollanen Michael S.
Published: June 2018

The people of Cambodia were subjected to widespread forced migration and labor, disease, starvation, torture, murder, and indeed, genocide over a period of four years during the control of the country by Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge in the 1970s. While the country awaits some form of justice from the hybrid tribunal hearing cases against a few of the perpetrators of these crimes, it has undertaken to memorialize the dead in visible monuments in order that the people remember and never allow it to happen again.

This paper outlines the few forensic investigations which have been undertaken on the remains of the deceased from this period in Cambodia's history. The current status of the legal proceedings and the current death investigation system in Cambodia are also presented. There is a wealth of objective forensic information that can be gathered from analyzing the remains that have been disturbed and placed in monuments (stupas), and also in the undisturbed graves across the country. This information cannot only assist in any legal proceedings, but can aide in training medicolegal experts in Cambodia for the future good of the country and its rule of law.
Fatal Entrapment of the Basilar Artery in a Longitudinal Fracture of the Clivus Due to Head Injury: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Walker Alfredo , Santos Marlise Peruzzo dos , Glikstein Rafael , Michaud Jean
Published: June 2018

Infarction of the posterior cerebral artery circulation arising from entrapment of the basilar artery in a fracture of the clivus has been reported in the medical literature, predominantly in the radiology and emergency medicine journals. Review of the medical literature on the topic revealed 14 published cases of entrapment of the basilar and/or vertebral artery within a longitudinal fracture of the clivus. These were all reported between 1964 and 2016 and postmortem examination had been conducted on seven cases.

To date, no case of entrapment of the basilar and/or vertebral artery in a fracture of the clivus has been reported in the forensic pathology literature, and the published literature on the entity is reviewed
Levamisole: A High Performance Cutting Agent
Authors: Solomon Nadia , Hayes Jonathan
Published: June 2018

Levamisole is an imidazothiazole chemical most frequently used as an antihelminthic agent in cattle. Over the last decade, levamisole has been increasingly encountered as an additive in both powder and crack cocaine. A white powder with a “fish scale” appearance, the chemical is physically similar to powder cocaine. In vivo, levamisole is metabolized to aminorex, a compound with amphetamine-like psychostimulatory properties and a long half-life; a priori, this property allows levamisole to potentiate and prolong the stimulatory effects of cocaine while bulking up the drug to increase profit for the dealer. As use of cocaine cut with levamisole becomes more prevalent, complications directly attributable to the chemical are increasingly being recognized.
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis: A Case Report with Correlation of Radiographic Imaging, Surgical Pathology, and Autopsy Findings
Authors: Harrison William T. , Hulette Christine
Published: June 2018

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection of the central nervous system. Certain radiographic findings can be highly suggestive of the disease, but there is considerable overlap with both lymphoma and brain metastases, making the diagnosis difficult or delayed. Herein we present the case of a 77-year-old woman with a history of treated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who presented with neurological symptoms four months after she was declared to be in remission. Her initial head computed tomography scan showed multiple low-attenuated lesions in her brain and a contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging scan showed multiple T1- and T2- enhancing lesions in the basal ganglia and at the gray-white junction. The clinical team was highly suspicious of a recurrence of her lymphoma so she had an extensive workup, including a brain biopsy, which did not lead to a definite diagnosis. After she died, an autopsy was performed, and multiple necrotic lesions were discovered in her brain. Histologic sections demonstrated numerous parasitic organisms, and immunohistochemical staining for Toxoplasma gondii was positive, confirming the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis. This case highlights an unusual case of cerebral toxoplasmosis that was diagnosed at autopsy and reviews the relevant radiographic findings as well as the gross and microscopic pathological features of the disease.
Healed Fracture of Superior Horn of Thyroid Cartilage in Autoerotic Asphyxia: An Indication of Prior Activity? A Case Report Utilizing 3D Scanning and Printing of the Larynx
Authors: Eckhardt Michael , Shah Kabeer , Bois Melanie , Maleszewski Joseph , Moore Kellyanna , Lin Peter
Published: June 2018

Evidence of prior autoerotic asphyxia is often difficult to establish due to the decedent's efforts to hide the activity from others. In this case report, we suggest that a healed fracture of the thyroid cartilage is indicative of prior autoerotic asphyxia activity.

The decedent was a 45-year-old man who was found unclothed on the floor of his bedroom with a belt ligature around the neck. A second rope ligature was loosely wrapped around the decedent's wrists, scrotum, and penis. A definitive escape mechanism was not identified, but a nearby towel and barbell weight may have comprised a possible escape mechanism. There was no known history of depression or prior autoerotic activity. Autopsy was notable for the presence of a healed fracture of the right superior horn of the thyroid cartilage.

Three-dimensional (3D) surface scanning and 3D printing was utilized to preserve the anatomical findings prior to histologic sampling. To our knowledge, this is the first reported use of 3D surface scanning and 3D printing for the purpose of documenting a forensic finding prior to alteration of the anatomical specimen for histologic sampling.

Acute fractures of the superior horns of the thyroid cartilage are not infrequently seen in ligature hanging. Therefore, the presence of a healed fracture in the setting of autoerotic asphyxia likely indicates prior activity. Histologic sampling of the laryngeal cartilages to detect occult healed fractures in autoerotic asphyxia may be useful. Three-dimensional scanning and printing may alleviate concerns for specimen alteration due to histology sampling.
Young Children and Digital Technology: Australian Early Childhood Education and Care Sector Adults’ Perspectives
Authors: Zabatiero Juliana , Straker Leon , Mantilla Ana , Edwards Susan , Danby Susan
Published: June 2018

THIS PAPER REPORTS ON the findings of a sector-wide survey conducted as part of a multi-component process in Early Childhood Australia's development of a national Statement on young children and digital technology for those working within early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings. The survey sought broad comment and feedback from the Australian ECEC sector regarding adult perspectives on young children and digital technology. The cross-sectional online survey included 12 Likert scale items and three open-ended questions. Five hundred and fifteen participants representing various roles, ages and locations completed the survey. Findings suggest the sector holds diverse and complex perspectives, including appreciation for the learning and teaching opportunities afforded via technology, and concerns for children's health and digital citizenship. Findings also highlight the need for evidence-based practices and sector-wide support in the pedagogical use of technology that enhances children's physical, emotional and social health and development.
Playgroups: Moving in from the Margins of History, Policy and Feminism
Authors: Townley Cris
Published: June 2018

PLAYGROUPS BEGAN IN AUSTRALIA in the early 1970s, at the same time as significant changes in early childhood education and care (ECEC) began taking place. This paper explores how early playgroups were positioned in the ECEC policy, and the experiences of playgroup organisers in New South Wales. Methods used were documentary analysis of Project Care (Social Welfare Commission, 1974) and interviews with key players. Findings were that playgroups grew rapidly in response to grassroots demand from mothers wanting their children to learn through quality play, besides the demand for adult social support. Since Project Care was strongly influenced by feminist lobbying and the objective of enabling women to engage in paid work—and playgroups relied on mothers to deliver the service—playgroups were an uneasy fit in the ECEC policy. Although Project Care integrated playgroups into its recommendations for ECEC services, subsequent funding was at a low level. Today, ECEC services would benefit from a strengthening of the community playgroups model.
READABILITY OF ESL PICTURE BOOKS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Ismail Adlina , Yusof Normah
Published: June 2018

Predicting readability of a reading text for second language learners is important for teachers, educators, and other concerned parties to make sure the text matches targeted readers’ proficiency. Suitable reading materials would promote language development among readers, especially children. In Malaysia nowadays, English story books for children which are published locally can be easily found in libraries or bookstores. However, the readability of these reading materials has remained uncovered. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the readability of Malaysian English children story books on five aspects (narrativity, syntactic simplicity, word concreteness, referential cohesion and deep cohesion) as provided by the computational tool, Coh-Metrix Common Core Text Ease Readability Assessor (T.E.R.A). Ten local English children story books were selected as samples. It was found that the majority of the samples have high narrativity, syntactic simplicity, and word concreteness but average referential cohesion and deep cohesion. The result revealed that there is lack of attention given to the aspect of cohesion in children story books. This study recommends that children book writers consider the readability of ESL children story books to help children’s language development.  Keywords: readability, assessment of reading materials, Coh-Metrix, picture books, childrenCite as: Ismail, A., & Yusof, N. (2016). Readability of ESL picture books in Malaysia. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 1(1), 60-70.
THE INFLUENCES OF ‘POWER DISTANCE’ ON PRE-SERVICE TEACHER LEARNING IN VIETNAM
Authors: Nguyen Huong Thi Mai
Published: June 2018

Globalisation has moved nations to take steps to meet the demands of an increasingly competitive employment market. The Vietnamese Government has introduced a number of initiatives to equip its labour force with the necessary knowledge and skills, one of which is requiring teachers to change their teaching methods toward constructivist pedagogies.  This study focuses on pre-service teachers’ learning in Vietnam, where a ‘large power distance’ is widely practiced in education. This article reports on part of the action research study, showing the influences of ‘large power distance’ on pre-service teacher learning in Vietnam. The findings show that the ‘large power distance’ in Vietnamese culture generated both negative and positive influences during the teacher learning process. The findings contribute to the discussions about the role of teacher educators in promoting change for better education in Vietnam. Keywords: Constructivist pedagogies, power distance, pre-service teachers, teacher learning, Vietnamese teachers.Cite as: Nguyen, H.T.M. (2016). The influences of ‘power distance’ on pre-service teacher learning in Vietnam. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 1(2), 38-49.
COVERING UP AND SPEAKING UP! A RHETORICAL ANALYSIS OF HIJABI NARRATIVES
Authors: Mat Nayan Shahreen
Published: June 2018

In the debate concerning the state of women in Muslim societies, scholarly literature on the hijab or the Muslim dress code is often relayed by observers and not by those who enact the religious obligation. Post 9-11 and recent developments on both the local and global stage have heightened the focus on Islam and its followers. Hate, Islamaphobic, and extremist rhetoric have unfortunately overwhelmed the moderates. This state of exigency needs to be addressed. Focusing on Muslim women and the hijab, this paper attempts to address the hegemonic discourse on the dress code while bringing to the fore the narratives on hijab from personal conversations as well as texts from the media. Using bell hook's enactment as a rhetorical option and standpoint theory as a theoretical framework, this study seeks to contribute to existing literature by highlighting the voices of moderate, conscious, and practicing Muslim women who offer their views on the hijab. In expressing their faith and their practice of hijab, the women indirectly contribute to the act of da'wah while demonstrating their agency. Conversations with the women in this study revealed that the act of hijab for them correlates with the notion of agency, emancipation, and self-reward. Keywords: Standpoint Theory; Enactment; Rhetoric; Narratives; Malaysian Women - hijabis.Cite as: Mat Nayan, S. (2017). Covering up and speaking up! A rhetorical analysis of hijabi narratives. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 2(1), 40-52.
KEBERKESANAN PERMAINAN PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN HUKUM NEWTON
 THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL GAMES ON NEWTON’S LAWS LEARNING
Authors: Alias Siti Nursaila , Ibrahim Faridah
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of Newton’s Laws educational games in improving Newton’s Laws achievement and instructional efficiency. Two educational games were developed, namely educational games with self-explanation (DPK) and educational games without self-explanation (TPK). Based on Rapid Prototyping model, these educational games were developed in Malay Language and the contents were arranged according to Form Four Physics syllabus. Unity3D software was used as the main software in developing the educational games. A total of 196 students attended Physics play activities for two hours. Analyses of Newton’s Laws Test, mental load and interviews were conducted to examine the effectiveness of these Newton’s Laws educational games. The findings show that the students’ achievement and instructional efficiency in Newton’s Laws improved with the use of the educational games. This research concludes that the educational games mode plays an important role in increasing the students’ achievement and learning instructional efficiency with the DPK mode is the most effective and efficient. The educational games mode serves as a scaffold for the formation of a coherent mental model and automatic schema. Keywords: Educational games, Newton’s Laws, Physics, achievement, instructional efficiencyCite as: Alias, S.N., & Ibrahim, F. (2017). Keberkesanan permainan pendidikan terhadap pembelajaran hukum Newton [The effectiveness of educational games on Newton’s laws learning]. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 2(1), 71-85.
G30S/PKI 1965 DAN TRAGEDI LUBANG BUAYA: SEBUAH TRILOGI
[THE G30S/PKI 1965 AND LUBANG BUAYA TRAGEDY: A TRILOGY]
Authors: Ghani Rohani , Tajuddin Muhamad Saleh
Published: June 2018

This article discusses a blood shed disaster which took place on 30th September 1969 - the kidnapping and murdering of six Generals of Indonesian Army or Tentera Nasional Indonesia (TNI) at Lubang Buaya (Malay for Crocodile Well). The incident is known as the Tragedy Lubang Buaya 1965. Lubang Buaya is located at Pondok Gede Jakarta, which became a place for disposal of the dead bodies. The place was also used as a military training centre of the Indonesian Communist Party (Parti Komunis Indonesia ─ PKI). The PKI Army was not not only joined by men but also women who proclaimed themselves as Women Indonesian Movement (Gerakan Wanita Indonesia-Gerwani). Tragedy Lubang Buaya receives a wide coverage by international and local press since the time of the tragedy till today. Even though the incident took place more than 50 years ago, there are various accounts of the incident which result in controversies in the modern society. Employing a historical approach, this study used primary sources from British official records as the main data. It is hoped that this paper will provide a genuine account of the incident thus resolves the controversies related to the incident.Keywords: Indonesian Army, Indonesian Communist Party, 30 September Movement, Tragedy Lubang Buaya, Women Indonesian MovementCite as: Ghani, R. & Tajuddin, M.S. (2017). G30S/PKI 1965 dan tragedi Lubang Buaya: Sebuah trilogi [The G30S/PKI 1965 and Lubang Buaya tragedy: A trilogy]. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 2(2), 295-305. AbstrakArtikel ini membincangkan mengenai peristiwa berdarah di dinihari 30 September 1965 iaitu penculikan dan pembunuhan enam orang pemerintah tertinggi Angkatan Tentera Nasional Indonesia (TNI) di sumur Lubang Buaya. Peristiwa ini terkenal dengan panggilan Tragedi Sumur Lubuk Buaya 1965. Lokasi Lubang Buaya yang terletak di Pondok Gede, Jakarta menjadi tempat pembuangan mayat enam orang pemimpin tertinggi tentera Indonesia yang menjadi korban Gerakan 30 September 1965. Ia juga merupakan pusat latihan Parti Komunis Indonesia (PKI). Pasukan ini bukan sahaja terdiri daripada kaum lelaki, malah pasukan wanita yang menggelarkan diri mereka sebagai anggota Gerakan Wanita Indonesia. Peristiwa ini mendapat liputan meluas dari media antarabangsa dan tempatan sejak selepas kejadian sehingga kini. Meskipun selepas 50 tahun peristiwa ini berlaku, terdapat pelbagai versi cerita mengenai peristiwa ini dari pelbagai pihak yang mengundang pelbagai kontroversi. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan sejarah manakala bahan-bahan rujukan terdiri daripada sumber primer yang terdiri daripada rekod-rekod rasmi kerajaan British. Diharapkan artikel ini dapat menyelesaikan kontroversi berkaitan tragedi ini. Kata Kunci: Angkatan Tentera Nasional Indonesia, Tragedi Sumur Lubuk Buaya, Parti Komunis Indonesia, Gerakan 30 September 1965, Gerakan Wanita Indonesia
EVALUATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTION RESEARCH COURSE IN AN IN-SERVICE TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAM IN VIETNAM
Authors: Kim Anh Vo Thi
Published: June 2018

The study investigated the effectiveness of Action Research Course, one of the five component courses of the in-service English teacher training program implemented by National Foreign Language 2020 Project in Vietnam. The primary purpose of the course is to help in-service teachers of English develop the ability to do action research in their teaching context. How effective the course is, what alternative strategies can be used for the implementation of the course, what problems prevent the course from meeting the need of the course’s participants, and what improvements should be made were examined in this study. The evaluation on the implementation of the Action Research applies Context, Input, Process and Product (CIPP) model, which is developed by Stuffflebeam to assess strengths and weaknesses of the course for accountability and improvement. A total of 30 in-service teachers of English were interviewed and course documents were reviewed to generate data. Data analysis reveals that the course is effective to develop in-service teachers’ ability to do action research though improvements should be made to textbook and practice session of the course.Keywords: Action research, CIPP model, evaluation, in-service teacher training, The National Foreign Language 2020 projectCite as: Anh, V.T.K. (2017). Evaluating the implementation of Action Research Course in an in-service teacher training program in Vietnam. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 2(2), 88-97.
THE EFFICACY OF SIMULATED TEACHING IN PREPARING PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS FOR PRACTICUM
Authors: Mukhtar Munierah Ainaa , Hasim Zuwati , Md Yunus Melor
Published: June 2018

Teacher training programme has been recognised for its importance in training and preparing pre-service teachers for practicum and teaching profession. Interest in the field is noticeable with a number of studies conducted on teacher training areas. To ensure that appropriate training is given for the pre-service teachers prior to their actual classroom teaching, there is a need to look into the extent the pedagogical and content knowledge are delivered and acquired. Pre-service teachers in local public universities have gone through difficult times adjusting to real school environment during practicum period even though they have attended and completed their fair share of mock teaching in simulated teaching classroom. In Malaysia, research on simulated teaching as part of teacher training is still limited and the focus is normally given on the area of assessments and curriculum. Hence, it is the aim of this study to identify issues faced by the pre-service teachers during the practicum. For the purpose of this study, six pre-service teachers were selected as participants from a local public university through purposive sampling; the participants have to have gone through both simulated teaching and teaching practicum. Data were gathered through one-on-one narrative interviews and focus group interviews and analysed with thematic and content analysis. The findings reveal that simulated teaching is effective because of the feedback gathered and it can be further improved by increasing its frequency, integrating more role plays, and including a comprehensive Q&A session after the teaching.Keywords: Micro-teaching, simulated teaching, teacher training programme, teaching practicum, pre-service teachers, educationCite as: Mukhtar, M.A., Hasim, Z., & Md Yunus, M. (2018). The efficacy of simulated teaching in preparing pre-service teachers for practicum. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 3(1), 64-74.http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol3iss1pp64-74
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, LOGISTICS PERFORMANCE AND MODERATING EFFECT OF FIRM SIZE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM EAST COAST REGION OF MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohd Zawawi Nur Fadiah , Abdul Wahab Sazali
Published: June 2018

Information Technology (IT) is universally accepted as one of efficiency boosters. Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) around the world involve in IT implementation with the purpose to increase their service efficiency in catering business demands, especially for LSPs which operate in the areas of heavy trade activities. The activities create congestion which lead to deficient of LSPs performance and increase delivery time and total costs. However, the review of literature reveals that IT implementation met with productivity paradox. Thus, in order to examine how IT implementation influences the performance of LSPs in East Coast Malaysia, 81 LSP firms in the region were involved in this study. This study also investigated the moderating effect of LSP sizes on their performance. The findings reveal that IT implementation significantly influenced LSPs’ performance, but it happened vice versa for the moderator investigation. This study has bridged the literature gaps of IT adoption in such that it offers empirical evidence and new insights on the significant moderating effect of firm size in the relationships between IT implementation and logistics firm performance using Malaysian samples.Keywords: Information Technology, logistics service providers, performance, firm size, Malaysia.Cite as: Mohd Zawawi, N.F. & Abd Wahab, S. (2018). Information technology, logistics performance and moderating effect of firm size: Empirical evidence from east coast region of Malaysia. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 3(1), 87-102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol3iss1pp87-102
Maratón en Netflix. House of cards entre la narrativa de la televisión y la web
Authors: Murolo Leonardo , Aon Luciana
Published: June 2018

Los autores se focalizan en Netflix como objeto de análisis, como tecnología y en tanto usos, apropiaciones y formas narrativas que propone como pantalla. El interés se sitúa en abordar la plataforma de producciones audiovisuales a demanda como propiciadora de prácticas que suponen particularidades diferentes a las viejas pantallas. Netflix, además de ofertar cine y televisión, pone en circulación producciones propias. Para operacionalizar el análisis puntualizamos en el caso de House of Cards como serie emblema de la plataforma.
Música y comunicación: Un campo de disputa
Authors: Madrigal Néstor Andrés Caetano
Published: June 2018

El autor plantea la necesidad de construir una mirada desde la comunicación entorno al análisis estético-político de la música. Tras un breve recorrido por el campo de la música popular argentina, parte de un recorrido de distintas miradas académicas y periodísticas sobre el tema para luego abordar el concepto de «campo», desarrollado por Pierre Bourdieu como eje del trabajo propuesto.
Sustainability–differently
Authors: Dymitrow Mirek , Halfacree Keith
Published: June 2018

It is increasingly appreciated how all societies contain many ‘wicked problems’ or socio-cultural challenges that are multidimensional, hard to pindown and consequently extremely challenging to solve. Obtaining functional and inclusive societal organisation is not a simple matter of ‘doing it’ by subscribing to winning formulae as there are, for example, many choices to be made in the process. Moreover, given that conceptual frameworks always guide thoughts, judgments and actions, how we relate to ‘sustainability’ specifically becomes relevant if we aim to achieve a more liveable society. This journal issue expressly engages with the consequent need to recognise this complexity. It assembles a set of ‘brave’ takes on far-advanced problems bedevilling conventionally conceptualised paths towards sustainability. Arguing against oversimplification that comes from domination of polarising concepts and unquestioned practices and rhetorics, the aim is to foster explorations into new territories from which we may learn. Ultimately, the desire to deconstruct pernicious divisions and create new hybrid syntheses can progress sustainability.
The production of the rural landscape and its labour: The development of supply chain capitalism in the Swedish berry industry
Authors: Eriksson Madeleine , Tollefsen Aina
Published: June 2018

Increased commercial interest in wild berries in Northern Sweden’s resource periphery has connected places and people to a global berry supply chain that produces goods for world markets. As a part of a wider global food chain, every link in this chain is deeply insecure and partly marked by secrecy and mystification. Contemporary representations of the Norrlandic landscape tend to obscure and hide economic conflicts and power relations connected to resource exploitation and corporate concentration, neglecting workers and local communities. This paper examines how globalization, neoliberal policies and the development of supply chain capitalism drive changes in labour markets and migration policies, which in turn shape/and are shaped by both material and immaterial aspects of the Norrlandic landscape. While many studies of global food chains have focused on abstract patterns of chain governance, business economics and logistics, we analyse the wild berry industry by centring on migrant workers and the production of a distinct spatiality through interconnectedness and historical conjuncture, with a starting point in a particular place in the interior of Norrland. We thereby contribute to a different narrative of the Norrlandic landscape, making visible power and labour relations.
Informality and migrant entrepreneurs in Cape Town’s inner city
Authors: Rogerson Christian M.
Published: June 2018

Informality is a defining characteristic of cities in the global South and most especially across the region of sub-Saharan Africa. Policy responses by governments towards the informal economy impact the livelihoods of informal entrepreneurs. In South Africa the informal economy is a critical source of livelihoods in urban areas. Many participants in the informal economy of South Africa’s major urban centres are international migrants, mostly drawn to the country from other parts of sub-Saharan Africa. The objective in this paper is to examine the challenges faced by international migrant entrepreneurs in relation to policy development for the informal economy of the City of Cape Town. The analysis uses qualitative interviews with key stakeholders, documentary sources and secondary surveys. It is revealed that in Cape Town despite a pro-development rhetoric in the inner city there is evidence of a subtle but systematic exclusion of street traders, including of migrant entrepreneurs. Little evidence exists of a coherent analysis by city policy makers to understand and foreground the contributions made by migrant entrepreneurs for the urban economy.
Ethno-Religious Conflicts in Nigeria: Implications on Women
Authors: Onah Nkechi G. , Diara Benjamin C. , Uroko Favour C.
Published: June 2018

Ethno-Religious conflicts have continued to besiege Nigeria for decades. This paper aims to highlight some of the ethno-religious conflicts that have taken place in Nigeria and its impact on women. Considerable work has been done on the issue of Ethno-Religious conflicts in Nigeria but the implications of these on Nigerian women remains scanty. It is in recognition of this that this paper seeks to examine this. Using library findings as well as oral interviews, the paper notes that many women have lost their lives while many others have lost their children and/or their husbands. This situation has led to undue sufferings with the concomitant problems of poverty and penury among the women. Most significantly, it also leads to gender inequality. Gender inequality translates to political, economic and socio-religious marginalization of women in the society. In view of this, the researcher recommends among others that women should be allowed to be full actors in the process of peace building and conflict resolution in Nigeria. They should not be kept at the margin in political discourse. It further advocates that amidst these incessant ethno-religious conflicts that have plagued the nation, protection of women and children should be of paramount importance and all the violations of human rights of women and children addressed with the apt attention it deserves. The decriptive phenomenological method was adopted for the study.
Niteni, Niroake, Nambahi (3N) Concept in the Learning of Dance in Elementary School
Authors: Nita Cicilia Ika Rahayu , Jazuli Muhammad , Totok Sumaryanto F. , Sayuti Suminto A.
Published: June 2018

Art education at elementary school can serve as the basis of education in shaping the spirit and personality of noble character. At the elementary school level, brain development of children experiences a very fast and real growth. Elementary school is seen as the right agent in the formation of character values because the development of children's brain webs is faster than adult’s. The implication of modern education can reduce the values of character, as modern education is preferred to cognitive achievement. Approaches that use local wisdom will be more easily understood by educators. One of the concepts initiated by Indonesian educational leaders, Ki Hajar Dewantara, that is Niteni, Nirokake, Nambahi (3N) is more easily understood by educators because the concept includes local wisdom values. The purpose of this research is to describe 3N in the learning of dance in elementary school. The study implemented qualitative descriptive method with the aim to reveal facts, circumstances, variables, and phenomena. This study presents the data based on the results of observation, interviews, and documentation. The techniques included data collection, data display, data reduction, and conclusion/verification. The results showed that the learning of dance in elementary school conveys 3N. In addition, teacher's experience can influence students’ learning outcomes and creativity. 3N encompasses N1, N2, and N3. If the 3N stage is not done in accordance with the flow, it will have an effect on the achievement of the learning objectives. This research is still limited to the scope of 3N concept study in the learning of dance in elementary school. Therefore, it is expected that the scope of further research can be developed in other science.
Political Relations between Albania and France 1945- 1990
Authors: Arapi Arshela
Published: June 2018

This paper focuses on the relations between Albania and France in the period 1945-1990 in the political optics, and aims to evaluate the dynamics of this cooperation, pointing to the different intensity at different times during dictatorship, byhilosophical demagoguery of the Albanian party and the identification of collaborative priorities extended over 20 years. Albanian - French cooperation spread in all fields. Since our country was still unconfirmed as a state, it needed the experience of other countries. France was a kind of guide to our country, as it was a developed country. Albania also linked with France by some traditional and conjunctural elements. France regarded Albania as very important, and considered it as an opportunity to expand its economy and improve its situation. France needed the mineral resources of Albania. In general, our relations with France has been normal and were concretized in several areas of mutual interest, such as trade and culture. In various speeches, the Albanian leadership has expressed the desire to strengthen more these relations on the basis of the recognized principles of equality, non-interference and mutual benefit. But at certain times, there was also anxiety, and in July 1984, there was a regress of state relations.
Degree of Grammaticalisation of Behind, Beneath, Between and Betwixt in Middle English
Authors: Ciszek-Kiliszewska Ewa
Published: June 2018

The present paper traces the history of four selected adverbs with the prefix be- in Middle English. Already in Old English behind, beneath, between and betwixt are attested to function as both adverbs and prepositions, which demonstrates that the process of grammaticalisation accounting for the development of prepositions from adverbs started before that period. The focus of the study are the diachronic changes of the degree of grammaticalisation of the examined lexemes in the Middle English period as demonstrated by the ratio of their use with a respective function in the most natural context. Hence, specially selected Middle English prose texts are analysed. The analysis shows that while behind and beneath are still frequently used as adverbs in the whole Middle English period, between and betwixt are predominantly used as prepositions already in Early Middle English. This clearly demonstrates that the degree of grammaticalisation of the latter two Middle English words was much higher than that of behind and beneath.