bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the seed and seed extracts of the pumpkins Cucurbita maxima D. and Cucurbita pepo l. from Macedonia
Authors: Srbinoska Marija , Hrabovski Nataša , Rafajlovska Vesna , Sinadinović-Fišer Snežana
Published: December 2019

Chemical composition of seeds of C. maxima D. and C. pepo L. cultivated in the Republic of Macedonia and physico-chemical characteristics, fatty acid profiles, and sterol and tocopherol contents in pumpkin seed extracts were determined. Higher kernel yield and content of moisture, ash, total nitrogen, proteins and carbohydrates were measured in the C. pepo than in C. maxima seed. The highest extract yield of 487.4 g/kg dry matter was obtained from C. pepo kernel, while 388.2 g/kg dry matter was extracted from C. maxima kernel, when n-hexane was used as solvent. In all extracts, the palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids were predominant. The linoleic/oleic acid ratio was higher in C. maxima extracts. D7-Sterols were predominant in all extracts, while D5-sterols content was higher in the whole seed than in the kernel extracts. Higher tocopherol content was determined in the extracts of C. pepo whole seed and kernel (153.79 mg/kg and 117.81 mg/kg, respectively), than in those of C. maxima (121.24 mg/kg and 117.55 mg/kg, respectively). In all extracts γ-tocopherol content was higher than α-tocopherol.
Solvatochromism studies on UV spectra of 4,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazoline-3-thiones
Authors: Dimova Vesna B. , Perišić-Janjić Nada U.
Published: December 2019

The influence of a series of organic solvents on the UV spectra of investigated 1,2,4-triazoles, was studied by implementing solvatochromic theory. As a part of our efforts to interpret the effects of solvent polarity and hydrogen bonding on the absorption spectra of previously synthesized 1,2,4-triazoline-3-thiones, the study design was based on the linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) concept using Kamlet-Taft solvatochromic parameters: π*, α and β. Accordingly, by dividing the solvents into two groups (protic and aprotic) it was ascertained that improved solvatochromic three-correlation models for the group of protic solvents were obtained. The results show that the solvent effect on UV absorption spectra of investigated thiones was very complex and strongly dependent on the nature of the substituent in positions 4 and 5 in 1,2,4-triazole moiety. Moreover, the statistical evaluation of the models (R, SD, Q2 and PRESS/SSY) showed satisfactory values.
Preparation and applications of some complexes derived from lanthanon(III) ions with some ligands derived from pyrazole
Authors: Orabi Adel S
Published: December 2019

The novel complexes derived from some pyrazole derivatives ligands: 2,4-dihydroxybenzylidene-3`-imino-5`-methylpyrazole(L1); salicylidene-3`-imino-5`-methylpyrazole(L2); 2-hydroxynaphthylidene-3`-imino-5`-methylpyrazole(L3) and LaCl3, Ce(NO3)3 and Nd(NO3)3 were prepared and characterized using elemental analysis (C, H,  N, M%), mass, FT-IR spectroscopy, electrical conductivity and thermal gravimetric analysis (DTA/TG). The electrical conductivity of 0.001M in DMSO revealed the electrolytic behavior of the all formed complexes as 1:1 (coordination sphere cation : ionization sphere ions) electrolyte for complexes derived from L1 and L2 ligands meanwhile L3 gave 1:2 electrolyte. The thermal analysis (DTA/TG) of the synthesized complexes revealed the presence of two types of water molecules as water of crystallization and coordinated one which act as a ligand. The complexes formed could be formulated as [M(L)2.nH2O].Z.mH2O for L = L1 and L2, [M(L).nH2O].2Z.mH2O for L = L3 (Z = Cl- for M = La(III) and Z = NO3- for M = Ce(III) and Nd(III)). Nd(III)-L3 complexe exhibit promising catalytic activity towards the aerobic oxidation of p-phenylenediamine (PPD) to the corresponding semi-oxidized form (PPD+). The antimicrobial activity of the complexes under investigations was tested and discussed. The simulated molecular structure and the energy of the formed complexes were performed using chem.-office package program. The relation between the spatial arrangement of the formed complexes and its antimicrobial activity was evaluated.
Comparing energy and Randic energy
Authors: Furtula Boris , Gutman Ivan
Published: December 2019

The recently conceived Randić energy (RE) is examined, and its relation to the (earlier much studied) total π-electron energy (E) is investigated. Within classes of molecular graphs, there exists a relatively good (increasing) linear correlation between RE and E. However, several significant differences between the structure-dependencies of RE and E have been discovered, the most striking of which is their dependence on the number m of edges of the underlying graph. Whereas, with increasing m, the average value of E increases, reaches a maximum and then decreases, the average value of RE monotonically decreases. The structure of the connected graph with a fixed number of vertices and maximal RE value was established.
The influence of organoclays on the morphology, phase separation and thermal properties of polycarbonate-based polyurethane hybrid materials
Authors: Pavličević Jelena , Špírková Milena , Sinadinović-Fišer Snežana , Budinski-Simendić Jaroslava , Govedarica Olga , Janković Milovan
Published: December 2019

Polycarbonate-based polyurethane (PC-PU) nanostructured composites were obtained using a one-step technique, by the addition of 1 wt.% organically modified clays (either bentonite or montmorillonite). Only aliphatic components (polycarbonate diol, hexamethylene-diisocyanate and 1,4-butane diol) were used as reactants. The hard segment content of the obtained polyurethanes was 30 wt.%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were performed to investigate the morphology and hydrogen bonding formation in prepared elastomers. The influence of nanofiller addition on thermal properties of PC-PUs was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The degree of phase separation of polyurethane nanocomposites was not influenced by the dispersion of silicate layers in the elastomeric matrix. It was determined that bentonite and montmorillonite affect the melting transition of hard segments and the recrystallization process, which is very important for the processing and recycling of the prepared polyurethane hybrid materials.
The antiradical, anti-inflammatory and anti-genotoxic potential of herbal preparation Chlamyfin
Authors: Leskovac Andreja , Joksic Gordana , Pasti Igor , Lazarevic-Pasti Tamara , Nastasijevic Branislav , Petrovic Sandra
Published: December 2019

Herbal preparation Chlamyfin was investigated for its total polyphenol content, 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, and anti-inflammatory and genotoxic properties. A high total polyphenol content provided evidence of high DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 4.96 ± 0.23 μg/ml). Analysis of the electrochemical behavior of Chlamyfin indicated high reducing ability, i.e., high antioxidant capacity, in agreement with the DPPH test. Analysis of myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibition by Chlamyfin suggested anti-inflammatory action (IC50 values of 5.40 μg/ml and 4.45 μg/ml for an incubation time of 10 and 30 min, respectively). For genotoxic assessment, oxidative stress was induced by irradiation of peripheral whole blood with gamma-radiation in vitro. In the presence of Chlamyfin, reduced incidence of micronuclei without disturbance to the proliferative potential of cells was evidenced in both irradiated and unirradiated samples, indicating its genoprotective properties. It was shown that Chlamyfin, in addition to its bactericidal effect, also possesses strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-genotoxic properties.
The influence of bentonite and montmorillonite addition on thermal decomposition of novel polyurethane/organoclay nanocomposites
Authors: Pavličević Jelena , Špírková Milena , Bera Oskar , Jovičić Mirjana , Mészáros Szécsényi Katalin , Budinski-Simendić Jaroslava
Published: December 2019

Polycarbonate-based polyurethane (PC-PUs) hybrid materials were obtained by the addition oforganically modified bentonite and montmorillonite (1 w/w %). PC-PUs and their nanocomposites wereprepared using prepolymerization with two polycarbonate diols (both of Mr ca 1000) differing in chainconstitution, hexamethylene-diisocyanate and 1,4-butane diol (chain extender) as starting components. All samples contained the same hard-segment content (30 w/w %). Thermogravimetry coupled with differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) was performed to obtain information about the organoclays addition on the thermal stability of the prepared polyurethane elastomers. The effect of bentonite and montmorillonite nanofillers on the decomposition pattern has been evaluated. By deconvolution of derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) curves, it has been found that the thermal decomposition of polyurethane samples takes place in three overlapping processes. Degradation kinetic parameters (activation energy and reaction order) were calculated on the basis of thermal data obtained at only one heating rate.
Application of supercritical fluid extraction for separation of nutraceuticals and other phytochemicals from plant material
Authors: Oman Miha , Škerget Mojca , Knez Zeljko
Published: December 2019

In present work a literature review of application of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) for isolation of nutraceuticals and some other phytochemicals up to December of 2012 is presented. Manuscript provides knowledge of SFE processes and possible aplications of SFE for extraction of bioactive compounds which serve as nutraceuticals. Compounds are classified into groups based on their chemical nature (carotenoids, flavonoids and other phenolic compounds, essential oils, lipids and fatty acids, and alkaloids and other bioactive phytochemicals) and they are reviewed in tabular form along with plant material, from which they were extracted using supercritical fluids.
Multi-element analysis of Macedonian wines by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (IP–OES) for regional classification
Authors: Ivanova-Petropulos Violeta , Wiltsche Helmar , Stafilov Trajče , Stefova Marina , Motter Herber , Lankmayr Ernst
Published: December 2019

Major, minor, and trace elements in wines from the Republic of Macedonia were determined in this study. Both inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma– optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) were used for accurate determination of the concentration of 42 elements (Ag, Al, Au, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Ge, Ho, La, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nd, Ni, P, Pb, Pr, S, Sm, Tb, Ti, Tl, Tm, U, V, Yb, Zn, Zr) in 25 Macedonian white, rose, and red wines from different wine regions. By means of factor and cluster analyses, the wines were discriminated according to wine type (white vs. red) and geographical origin. The main discriminant elements were B, Ba, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, and S.
Fatty food, or fatty food simulants and PET packaging interactions: study with DETA
Authors: Porjazoska Kujundziski Aleksandra , Grchev Toma , Chamovska Chamovska , Cvetkovska Maja
Published: December 2019

Dynamic electrical thermal analysis (DETA) is considered as a valuable technique for determination of polar polymer structure or changes in the polymer structure as a result of different treatments. Therefore, with this study, we wanted to check whether this technique can indicate structural changes in the PET packaging material in contact with specific media. Positive response give the opportunity to use the study of PET packaging dielectric properties after a programmed contact with some medium, to indicate possible interactions between packaging material and the medium, or packaging and foodstuff. It is also known that official simulants may have some drawbacks as migration of the potential contaminants depends on the interaction between the simulant and packaging and thus the values for measured migration could be exaggerated or too low.The possibility of DETA to indicate structural changes in the packaging material give also the opportunity to adjust the aggressiveness of some medium to the packaging, that is, some solvent, or mixture of solvents with different polarity, and thus to choose the most appropriate simulant – medium which will behave in the same way as the foodstuff.In this study we have chosen several conventional fatty food simulants: olive oil, isooctane, 3% acetic acid, and ethanol, and using the DET analysis we compared the influence of these media and the real foodstuff (mayonnaise) on the structure of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) food containers.
Impressum
Authors: Editor Editor
Published: December 2019

Vol. 33 No. 1
Removal of diazo dye from the aqueous phase by biosorption onto ball-milled maize cob (BMMC) biomass of Zea mays
Authors: Yaneva Zvezdelina Lyubenova , Georgieva Nedyalka Valkanova
Published: December 2019

The mechanism of Congo red (CR) biosorption by the agricultural waste material ball-milled maize cob (BMMC) biomass of Zea mays was studied by analyzing the effect of pH and biosorbent surface chemistry; the equilibrium and kinetic behavior of the sorbate/sorbent system were also investigated. Surface chemistry and morphology were characterized by potentiometric titration, pH of zero charge, FTIR analyses and digital microscopy (DM). The acidic and basic sites for the biomass were quantified as 3.68 and 5.25 mmol g–1, respectively; therefore, the surface of the biomass was basic. The analysis of dye equilibrium isotherm data was done using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich–Peterson models. CR biosorption on the agricultural waste biomaterial was mainly limited by chemisorption and/or intraparticle diffusion. The studies revealed that CR removal involved electrostatic interactions between negatively charged dye SO3− groups and positively charged adsorbent surfaces, H–bonding between the oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups of CR and the BMMC surface and hydrophobic–hydrophobic interactions between the dye and sorbent hydrophobic parts. The maximum biosorption capacity of Zea mays biomass (q 4.83 mg g–1) occurred at pH 7.
Voltammetric and RP-LC assay for the antidepressant drug mirtazapine: A validated method for the pharmaceutical dosage form
Authors: Ağın Fatma , Karadaş Nurgül , Uslu Bengi , Özkan Sibel A.
Published: December 2019

In the present paper, rapid, sensitive, selective, accurate and precise analytical methodologies were developed for the determination of the antidepressant drug mirtazapine (MIR) using voltammetry and liquid chromatography. In cyclic voltammetry (CV), MIR showed one sharp oxidation peak and one additional wave in acidic media in the anodic direction; at pH 5.50, the mirtazapine peak was single and sharp. Under optimized conditions, the peak current showed a linear dependence with concentration in the range between 0.212 and 26.54 µg/mL for glassy carbon (GC) and 1.06 and 26.54 µg/mL for boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes using differential pulse (DP) and square wave (SW) voltammetric techniques. The possible oxidation mechanisms are also discussed. A simple and fully validated reverse phase-liquid chromatography (RP-LC) method to test for MIR in tablets was developed using an X-Select RP-18 column (250x4.60 mm ID x 5µm) at 25ºC with methanol:water (30:70, v/v, containing 15 mM o-phosphoric acid) as the mobile phase adjusted to pH 3.0. The RP-LC method allowed quantification over a MIR concentration range of 1.0-18.0 µg/mL. MIR was exposed to thermal, photolytic, or oxidative stress, as well as acid and base hydrolysis conditions, and the stressed samples were assayed by the proposed LC method. The proposed methods allow for a number of cost- and time-saving benefits.
Cloud point extraction for the determination of trace copper(II) in environmental samples using a new synthesized reagent and flame atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Yurtman Gündüz Zeynep , Aydin Urucu Oya , Kok Yetimoglu Ece , Filik Hayati
Published: December 2019

Cloud point extraction for the determination of copper(II) is proposed after the formation of a complex with sulfapyridylazo resorcinol (SPAR) and later measurement by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) using Triton X-100 as a surfactant. The surfactant-rich phase was diluted with nitric acid in methanol, prior to FAAS measurement. Analytical parameters including pH, concentration of the chelating agent and surfactant, equilibration temperature and time were optimized.  The effects of matrix ions on the recovery of copper ions were also studied.  A detection limit of 1.64 μg L−1 along with an enrichment factor of 31 for Cu were achieved. The method was successfully applied to the determination of copper in tap water, stream water, rain water and a standard reference material.
Addressing Growth in Viewership Through Various Media Streams Within the ABC: A Review of Enterprise Architecture and Proposed Solutions
Authors: Li Yanli
Published: December 2019

The objective of this report is to identify and review the implementation, use, maintenance, and extension of existing technology systems within the ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) organization and establish success factors for enhancing their sustainability and flexibility to evolving user requirements and how data is transferred within the organizational system. It will go through a revised Enterprise architecture strategy that has been adapted to the fast paced technologically enabled changing market.Currently, the ABC is experiencing a growth in viewers/customers due to new streams of media, public interest, generational targeting therefore and the widespread adoption of accessing news via social media. This EA (enterprise architecture) strategy will be implementing new technology through capital investment which will optimize the ABCs operational capabilities.This report firstly analyzed the problem of ABC current situation which followed by coming up with an improved TOGAF approach, an implementing plan and an expected result in the end.
The Transformation of Jesuits Strategy for Buddhism Based on the Jesuits Works in Early Modern China
Authors: Chen Peiyao
Published: December 2019

The Jesuits began their missionary work in Asia in the 16th century. After the missions in India and Japan, they tried to enter China and spread Catholicism at the end of the 16th century (Note 1). Due to the special political and cultural environment of China at that time, the missionary experience of Jesuits in India and Japan did not fully apply to Chinese society, which caused their missionary process to be rocky (Note 2). In order to adapt to the different environment of the Ming dynasty, Jesuits had to actively adjust their missionary strategies. After a period of observation and exploration, Jesuits used a missionary method of preaching through books in Ming and Qing dynasties (Note 3). Therefore, the adjustments of their missionary strategies are also reflected in their Chinese missionary works, including the adjustments of Jesuits’ evaluation of Buddhism in their Chinese missionary works, which is a question worthy of attention and research.
Comparação dos incrementos em altura estimados através da análise do tronco pelo método digital e manual em Eucalyptus spp.
Authors: Silva Marcos Cardoso , Martins Jehssycah da Silva , Coelho Maria Cristina Bueno , Giongo Marcos , Pereira José Fernando , Dos Santos André Ferreira
Published: December 2019

Os anéis de crescimento são banco de dados que nos permite quantificar e avaliar sua interação com o meio. O método mais utilizado para realização de análise de tronco (ANATRO) completa é o chamado convencional, tal metodologia permite acompanhar o crescimento passado de uma árvore. O objetivo desse trabalho foi comparar ANATRO convencional e digital utilizando software ArcMap, a fim de facilitar e acelerar a obtenção de dados. O estudo foi realizado em uma propriedade particular no município de Aliança do Tocantins. Os dados foram coletados em plantio de Eucalyptus, com 7 anos de idade com espaçamentos de 2,5 x 4,0 m (1.000 árvores/ha). A seleção das arvores utilizadas foi realizada a partir de distribuição diamétrica de frequência. Foram selecionados 3 clones de VM-58. Os resultados demonstraram satisfatórios quando comparamos a obtenção de dados a partir do método de ANATRO manual com a digital, nos permitindo possíveis alternativas quando não há possibilidade de manual.
High-Resolution Integrated Hydrological Modeling of Climate Change Impacts on a Semi-arid Urban Watershed in Niamey, Niger
Authors: Boubacar Abdou Boko , Moussa Konaté , Yalo Nicaise , Berg Steven J. , Erler Andre R. , Bazié Pibgnina , Hwang Hyoun-Tae , Seidou Ousmane , Niandou Albachir Seydou , Schimmel Keith , Sudicky Edward A.
Published: December 2019

This study evaluated the impact of climate change on water resources in a large semi-arid urban watershed located in Niamey Republic of Niger, West Africa. The watershed was modeled using the fully integrated surface-subsurface HydroGeoSpheremodel at a high spatial resolution. Historical (1980-2005) and projected (2020-2050) climate scenario derived from the outputs of three Regional Climate Models (RCM) under the RCP 4.5 scenario were statistically downscaled using the multiscale quantile mapping bias correction method. Results show that the bias correction method is optimum at daily and monthly scales, and increased RCM resolution does not improve the performance of the model. The three RCMs predict increases of up to 1.6% in annual rainfall and of 1.58°C for mean annual temperatures between the historical and projected periods. The durations of the Minimum Environmental Flow (MEF) conditions, required to supply drinking and agriculture water, were found to be sensitive to changes in runoff resulting from climate change. MEF occurrences and durations are likely to be greater for (2020-2030), and then they will be reduced for (2030-2050). All three RCMs consistently project a rise in groundwater table of more than 10 meters in topographically high zones where the groundwater table is deep and an increase of 2 meters in the shallow groundwater table.
On the Redundancy of Natural Products Public Databases and Where to Find Data in 2020 - A Review on Natural Products Databases
Authors: Sorokina Maria , Steinbeck Christoph
Published: December 2019

Natural products (NPs) have been the centre of attention of the scientific community in the last decencies and the interest around them continues to grow incessantly. As a consequence, in the last 20 years, there was a rapid multiplication of various databases and collections as generalistic or thematic resources for NP information. In this review, we establish a complete overview of these resources, and the numbers are overwhelming: over 120 different NP databases and collections were published and re-used since 2000. 98 of them are still somehow accessible and only 50 are open access. The latter include not only databases but also big collections of NPs published as supplementary material in scientific publications and collections that were backed up in the ZINC database for commercially-available compounds. Some databases, even published relatively recently are already not accessible anymore, which leads to a dramatic loss of data on NPs. The data sources are presented in this manuscript, together with the comparison of the content of open ones. With this review, we also compiled the open-access natural compounds in one single dataset a COlleCtion of Open NatUral producTs (COCONUT), which is available on Zenodo and contains structures and sparse annotations for over 400000 non-redundant NPs, which makes it the biggest open collection of NPs available to this date.
Effect of Artificial Aging Treatment and lubrication Modes on the Machinability of A356 Cast Alloys
Authors: Alliche Mohamed Amine , Djebara Abdelhakim , Zedan Yasser , Songmene Victor
Published: December 2019

This article discuss the effects of heat treatment on the machinability of Al-Si-Mg alloys (A356) cast alloys for as-received alloy, solution heat-treated alloy (SHT) as well as solution heat treated and then aged alloys at 155ºC, 180ºC, and 220ºC. In the course of machinability evaluation, several criteria including cutting force, surface roughness, tool wears and burr analysis (chip) were studied. The results and analysis in this work indicated that selected machinability criteria are important and necessary to effectively evaluate the machinability of A356 alloys. Machinability of both materials and tool was estimated in terms of chip thickness ratio and burr formation, roughness, cutting force and flank wear. The effects of various lubrication modes such as dry, mist and wet, cutting parameters, including cutting speed and feed rate on the machinability of A356 cast alloys were also examined. Experimental results proves that the heat treatment parameters strongly controlling the burr formation and surface quality. The results obtained indicate that better drilling performance in terms of surface quality occurs at high feed rate, dry drilling and artificial aging at T6.
Интенсиональная семантика логики классов Дж. Венна
Authors: Маркин Владимир Ильич , Легейдо Мария Михайловна
Published: December 2019

В статье развивается предложенный В.И. Шалаком оригинальный подход к построению адекватных семантик для различных систем силлогистики. Его суть состоит в том, что субъектам и предикатам категорических высказываний сопоставляются в качестве значений формулы языка пропозициональной логики, а сами эти высказывания интерпретируются с использованием отношения логического следования. Семантика данного типа строится для логики классов Дж. Венна – силлогистики с нестандартным набором исходных простых высказываний: "Все $S$ есть все $P$" ($SaaP$), "Все $S$ есть некоторые $P$" ($SaiP$), "Некоторые $S$ есть все $P$" ($SiaP$), "Некоторые $S$ есть некоторые $P$" ($SiiP$), "Ни один $S$ не есть $P$" ($SeP$). Каждому из них соответствует одна из пяти круговых диаграмм Эйлера. Существуют две формализации силлогистики Венна с данным набором исходных констант: логика отношений между произвольными классами (система $\textbf{СФV}$) и логика отношений между непустыми классами (система $\textbf{С4V}$). Сначала семантика в стиле В.И. Шалака формулируется для системы $\textbf{СФV}$. Значениями общих терминов в ней являются любые пропозициональные формулы. $SaaP$ значима, е.т.е. значения $S$ и $P$ следуют друг из друга; $SaiP$ значима, е.т.е. из значения $S$ следует значение $P$, но не наоборот; $SiaP$ значима, е.т.е. из значения $P$ следует значение $S$, но не наоборот; $SeP$ значима, е.т.е. из значения $S$ следует отрицание значения $P$; $SiiP$ значима, е.т.е. значения $S$ и $P$ не следуют друг из друга и из первого не следует отрицание второго. В~семантике для $\textbf{С4V}$ значениями общих терминов являются только выполнимые пропозициональные формулы. Доказываются метатеоремы об адекватности данных семантик исчислениям $\textbf{СФV}$ и $\textbf{С4V}$. Далее, семантика для $\textbf{СФV}$ модифицируется за счет замены классического следования на релевантное в определении значимости элементарных силлогистических формул. Строится исчисление $\textbf{ИСФV}$, аксиоматизирующее класс законов «релевантизированного» варианта силлогистики Венна. В заключение проводится сравнение всех предложенных систем по их дедуктивной силе.
О подлинно паранепротиворечивых и подлинно параполных многозначных логиках
Authors: Девяткин Леонид Юрьевич
Published: December 2019

Статья посвящена анализу нескольких классов паранепротиворечивых и параполных логик на примере трехзначных и четырехзначных логик, сохраняющих классические истинностные значения. Результаты, представленные в статье, можно разделить на три группы.

Первая группа результатов касается паранепротиворечивых логик. Показано, что все трехзначные подлинно паранепротиворечивые логики являются логиками формальной противоречивости, а все трехзначные логики формальной противоречивости, расширяющие позитивный фрагмент классической логики, являются языковыми вариантами подлинно паранепротиворечивых логик. Приводятся примеры четырехзначных подлинно паранепротиворечивых логик, которые не являются логиками формальной противоречивости. Найден ряд необходимых условий, которым должны соответствовать четырехзначные матрицы подлинно паранепротиворечивых логик, чтобы задаваемые этими матрицами логики не являлись логиками формальной противоречивости. Вторая группа результатов касается параполных логик. Показано, что все трехзначные подлинно параполные логики являются логиками формальной неопределенности, а все трехзначные логики формальной неопределенности, расширяющие дуально-позитивный фрагмент классической логики, являются языковыми вариантами подлинно параполных логик. Приводятся примеры четырехзначных подлинно параполных логик, которые не являются логиками формальной неопределенности. Найден ряд необходимых условий, которым должны соответствовать четырехзначные матрицы подлинно параполных логик, чтобы задаваемые этими матрицами логики не являлись логиками формальной неопределенности. Третья группа результатов касается паранормальных логик. Приводится ряд необходимых условий, которым должны соответствовать четырехзначные матрицы подлинно паранормальных логик, чтобы они не являлись ни логиками формальной противоречивости, ни логиками формальной неопределенности. Для паранормальных расширений Белнапа даются также необходимые и достаточные условия, для того чтобы они были максимальными подлинно паранормальными логиками и в то же время не являлись ни логиками формальной противоречивости, ни логиками формальной неопределенности.
Paraconsistency and Paracompleteness
Authors: Ciuciura Janusz
Published: December 2019

A logic $\langle \mathcal{L},\vdash_{p}\rangle$ is said to be paraconsistent if, and only if $\{\alpha, \neg \alpha\} \nvdash_{p} \beta$, for some formulas $\alpha, \beta$. In other words, the necessary and sufficient (the latter is problematic) condition for a logic to be paraconsistent is that its consequence relation is not $\textit{explosive}$. The definition is very simple but also very broad, and this may create a risk that some logics, which have not too much in common with the $\textit{paraconsistency}$, are considered to be so. Nevertheless, the definition may still serve as a reasonable starting point for more thorough research.

Paracomplete logic can be defined in many different ways among which the following one may be of some interest: A logic $\langle \mathcal{L},\vdash_{q}\rangle$ is said to be paracomplete if, and only if $\{\beta \rightarrow \alpha, \neg \beta \rightarrow \alpha\} \nvdash_{q} \alpha$, for some formulas $\alpha, \beta$. But again, just as in the case of paraconsistent logic, the definition is very general and may be seen to overlap with the logics that have nothing in common with the \textit{paracompleteness}.

In the paper, we define some calculi of paraconsistent and paracomplete logics arranged in the form of hierarchies, determined by several criteria. We put central emphasis on logical axioms admitting only the rule of detachment as the sole rule of inference and on the so-called bi-valuation semantics. The hierarchies (no matter which one) are expected to shed some light on the aforementioned issue.
Game-theoretical interpretation of abelian logic A
Authors: Pavlova Alexandra
Published: December 2019

In the present paper we introduce a variation of Giles's game that captures the semantics of Slaney and Meyer's Abelian logic. This is a variation of the game earlier proposed for the Łukasiewicz infinitely-valued logic. We discuss two possible interpretations of this game. One of the interpretations involves a reference to different types of agents. We also give a brief description of the Abelian logic which as well corresponds to one of the comparative logics proposed by Casari. By different types of agents, we understand agents with diverse cognitive presumptions and capabilities. This reflects the idea that different agents can be encoded by a game (dialogue) semantics and truth (and validity) can be seen as a product of different types of communications between agents, establishing the relation between various types of moves available to the players and the resulting type of rationality. However, the main focus of the paper is concentrated on the technical result concerning the game proposed in the paper. In a separate section, we prove that this game is adequate to the Abelian logic. The game can be extended to the one allowing for the disjunctive strategies. As immediate future research, we suggest proving that Proponent’s winning strategies for some formula $F$ in the game for Abelian logic $\textbf{A}$ with disjunctive strategies correspond to a derivation of the formula $F$ in the hypersequent calculus $\textbf{GA}$.
Характеристические теории и обращение подстановки
Authors: Горбунов Игорь Анатольевич
Published: December 2019

Матрицей Линденбаума некоторой логики называют логическую матрицу, заданную на алгебре всех формул этой логики и имеющую в качестве выделенного множества некоторую ее теорию. Множество всех таких матриц называют расслоением Линденбаума. Расслоение Линденбаума некоторой логики образует характеристическое для этой логики множество логических матриц. Однако известно достаточно много логик, например классическая, которые характеризуются одной матрицей.

В работе получен ряд критериев того, что логика имеет характеристическую матрицу. Показано, что вопрос наличия такой матрицы связан с операцией обращения подстановки для определенного вида подстановок. Здесь под операцией обращения подстановки подразумеваем взятие прообраза некоторого множества формул для некоторой подстановки.

Получен следующий критерий наличия характеристической матрицы для данной логики: для некоторой логики существует не более чем счетная характеристическая матрица тогда и только тогда, когда существует такая теория, для которой матрица Линденбаума является характеристической. На основании этого факта введено понятие характеристической теории.

Как следует из Леммы Сушко, для любой логики результат обращения подстановки некоторой теории является теорией. В данной работе показано, что теория $T$ является характеристической тогда и только тогда, когда любая непротиворечивая теория является пересечением прообразов теории $T$, взятых по всем подстановкам, которые вкладывают эту теорию в $T$.

Таким образом, получается, что логика имеет характеристическую матрицу тогда и только тогда, когда существует такая теория $T$, что любая непротиворечивая теория является пересечением прообразов теории $T$, взятых по всем вкладывающим подстановкам.

В качестве иллюстрации рассматривается вопрос о характеристических теориях классической логики. Доказано, что любая полная теория классической логики является характеристической.

Замечено, что в классической логике любая полная теория является результатом обращения некоторой подстановки, примененной к некоторой характеристической теории. Приведен пример такой подстановки для случая, когда характеристическая теория является полной.

Доказано, что минимальная матрица Линденбаума классической логики является характеристической, то есть множество всех тавтологий является характеристической теорией классической логики.
Воображаемая логика – 2 Н.А. Васильева как силлогистическая теория.
Authors: Конькова Антонина Викторовна
Published: December 2019

Воображаемая (неаристотелева) логика Н.А. Васильева, одного из основоположников современной неклассической логики, является его самой известной логической системой. Дедуктивная система, преложенная им, представляет собой силлогистику особого типа, в языке которой вместе с формами утвердительных и отрицательных суждений содержатся формы противоречивых (индифферентных) суждений. Последние представляют собой суждения нового качества и содержат связку <<есть и не есть одновременно>>. Статья посвящена изложению результатов исследования одного из вариантов Воображаемой логики Николая Александровича Васильева. Этот вариант Воображаемой логики отличается не только от традиционной силлогистики, но и от основной версии. Здесь с каждым термином категорического суждения связывается не множество индивидов, а совокупность признаков, а силлогистические константы рассматриваются как обозначающие интенсиональные отношения между понятиями. Исследование предполагало рассмотрение этого варианта Воображаемой логики как силлогистической теории и производилось на базе системы, построенной для данной логики В.И. Маркиным и Д.В. Зайцевым. В статье кратко изложена система Воображаемой логики – 2, доказаны: законы тождества, законы противоположностей, законы подчинения, законы обращения и законы исключённого четвёртого, принимаемые в этой логике. Далее последовательно рассмотрены все четыре фигуры силлогизмов. В каждой фигуре рассмотрены все возможные комбинации посылок (36 комбинаций, для каждой фигуры) со всеми возможными заключениями (шесть возможный заключений, для каждой комбинации посылок). Произведено доказательство правильных силлогизмов каждой фигуры, а также приведены примеры возможных контрмоделей для опровержения всех неправильных модусов. Результатом работы является выделение законов данной силлогистической теории, а также намечено дальнейшее направление исследования, ставится вопрос о возможности формулирования общих правил силлогизма данного варианта Воображаемой логики.
Laudatio von Ben Bachmair zu Alessandro Barberis Diskurs zu Baackes Begriff der Medienkompetenz
Authors: Bachmair Ben
Published: December 2019

Die Herausgeber der Zeitschrift MedienPädagogik haben sich in Abstimmung mit dem Vorstand der Sektion Medienpädagogik der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft dazu entschlossen, die Laudatio von Prof. Dr. Ben Bachmair in die Rubrik Rezension aufzunehmen, um den Preisträger des Promotionspreises in besonderer Weise zu würdigen und um auf die vorgelegte Dissertation aufmerksam zu machen. Diese Vorgehensweise soll etabliert werden und in den kommenden Jahren für die Preisträger des Promotionspreises der Sektion Medienpädagogik der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft fortführen.
Alessandro Barberi hat seine Dissertation «Diskurspragmatik und Medienkompetenz. Dieter Baackes Grundlegung der Medienpädagogik als Diskurspragmatik» im Oktober 2018 verteidigt und mit summa cum laude promoviert. Die beiden Gutachter Prof. Dr. Sven Kommer (RWTH Aachen) und Prof. Dr. Christian Swertz (Universität Wien) haben die Dissertation für den Promotionspreis 2019 der Sektion Medienpädagogik der DGfE vorgeschlagen und die Juroren der Sektion sind diesem Vorschlag gefolgt. Bei der Herbsttagung 2019 in Zürich wurde ihm der Preis überreicht und der vorliegende Text ist die leicht überarbeitete Fassung der Laudatio von Ben Bachmair.
Neoliberalism, Digital Communication Technologies and the Cultural and Creative Industries
Authors: Samuel Kelechi Chijioke
Published: December 2019

This article examines the use of internet-based media platforms for marketing communication among fashion designers as a manifestation of globalization and neoliberal free trade. It highlights some features of neoliberalism, sub-themes of the cultural and creative industries concept, and some impact of using digital media technologies, and argues that there is nexus between these three concepts. It notes that neoliberal globalization has promoted free markets and facilitated the disannulment of barriers which previously excluded many from trading freely. The findings suggest there are inherent economic benefits as well as precarious conditions associated with the use of digital marketing platforms. These conditions, some of which subvert the individuals’ rewards from using their talent, are consistent with the rise of precarious work under neoliberal capitalism. It recommends that cultural producers should seek ways of maximizing the benefits in using these media platforms while minimizing the burdens and precarious conditions.
Anti-nutritional Composition, Heavy Metal Content and Mineral Bioavailability of Red Tree Vine (Leea guineensis G. Don) Fruits
Authors: Olaniyii Musbau Bayonle , Rufai Samsideen Olabiyi
Published: December 2019

Leea guineensis G. Don is an evergreen shrub that has been reported to be important in Nigeria due to its medicinal and nutritional uses. However, there is paucity of documented information on the anti-nutritional composition, heavy metal content and mineral bioavailability of L. guineensis whole fruits. Hence, this study investigated the essential minerals, heavy metals and anti-nutritional compositions of L. guineensis whole fruits with a view to assess the quantity, bioavailability of the mineral elements and ultimately the safety of the fruits using standard analytical procedures. The results of phytochemical screening confirmed presence of secondary metabolites in varying quantities. The anti-nutrient contents (mg/100g) were phytates (29530); oxalates (510); saponins (10333); alkaloids (30533) and tannins (53.3). The results of mineral analysis revealed that L. guineensis fruits were rich in essential minerals (mg/100g) like, potassium (493); calcium (200); magnesium (103.3); phosphorus (9.9); zinc (8.5); manganese (5.5) and iron (5.0). The heavy metals concentrations were in the order lead>chromium>nickel>cobalt>cadmium. The values obtained were within the WHO permissible limits for heavy metals in medicinal plants. Meanwhile, the results of molar ratio phytates: Ca (8.97); oxalates: Ca (0.7978) and Ca.phytates:Zn (0.64) were below the suggested critical values indicating the bioavailability of calcium to be high. While phytates: Fe (501.06) and phytates: Zn (348.22) were higher than the critical values indicating poor bioavailability of Fe and Zn. The study therefore suggests that L. guineensis fruits are a good source of phyto-minerals which can be harnessed for nutritional purpose. Also, the anti-nutrient contents in L. guineensis whole fruits should be reduced to a safe level through processing methods (soaking, de-pulping or fermentation) in order to achieve its optimum nutritional or medicinal use.
The 14-3-3 (YWHA) Proteins in Signalling and Development of the Fruit Fly, Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: De Santanu
Published: December 2019

The 14-3-3 (YWHA or Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/Tryptophan 5-Monooxygenase Activation proteins) are a family of highly conserved, homologous proteins critical to diverse cellular events including cell cycle, signal transduction and embryonic development.  Various species-specific isoforms of 14-3-3 exist, encoded by separate genes.  They are expressed in a wide variety of organisms ranging from plants to animals, including the fruit fly or Drosophila melanogaster.  Drosophila is one of the most universally accepted model systems to study complex cellular mechanisms of signalling and development.  However, regulation of these processes in fruit flies by the 14-3-3 proteins have not been entirely understood.  This mini review encapsulates the expression, distribution, interactions and regulatory roles of the 14-3-3 proteins in Drosophila.  The analysis would help to elucidate some of the molecular bases of key cell-signalling mechanisms and development.
Measurement of inclusive growth: evidence from Tunisia
Authors: Kacem Sana , Abid Lobna , Ghorbel-Zouari Sonia
Published: December 2019

In most economies, strategies that promote greater equity and less precariousness have become more than a necessity for reducing the effects of poverty. Thus, the focus is on inclusive growth by policy makers and institutions in charge of development and poverty alleviation. For Tunisia, there was a broad consensus on the need for structural reforms to promote inclusive economic growth that reduce social inequalities and regional disparities. This article aims to determine a synthetic indicator of inclusive growth in Tunisia. The method used is the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The purpose of the latter is to provide weightings that take into account the variability of the data through time. The results found showed that Tunisia’s Inclusive Growth Index (IGI) deteriorated during the period from 1980 to 2017, falling from 5.35 to –3.40. The Tunisian government must embark on deep structural reforms to open up channels for a more egalitarian and inclusive society and put the country on a path to more sustainable development.
Shareholders’ activism as a moderator of the relationship between corporate governance and return on investment
Authors: Mohamed Albakoush Ali , Ishak Zuaini
Published: December 2019

The purpose of shareholders’ involvement in the process of governance is to add corporate value and achieve better governance and firm performance (FP). However, corporate governance (CG) practices can vary from country to country and change over time. This study examines the moderating influence of shareholders’ activism (SA) on the CG effectiveness – FP relationship in non-financial companies listed in the Libyan Stock Market between 2007 and 2016. CG effectiveness was the independent variable and consisted of five dimensions: board of directors, monitoring committee, audit committee, nomination and compensation committee, and ownership. Leverage, firm age and firm size were used as control variables. Return on investment was used to assess the corporate performance. SA was tested as a moderating variable using the interactive regression models. The study found out that the CG effectiveness is positively and significantly related to return on investment (beta = 0.608, p < 0.01). This relationship was strengthened by SA (R2 = 0.053, P < 0.05). Overall, the study shows that SA boosts the relationship between CG and FP in the Libyan Stock Market.
The impact of ethical leadership on employee engagement within a South African public higher education institution
Authors: Bhana Anrusha , Suknunan Sachin
Published: December 2019

Ethical leadership has become a fundamental building block amongst the corporate organizations globally. However, minimal research evidence was found from a higher education institution (HEI) perspective, including the evidence from a South African higher education setting. Due to the lack of research linking the ethical leadership`s style and employee`s engagement (EE) at higher education institutions, it becomes important to find out if ethical leadership can positively promote the EE, which, in turn, can promote various other benefits at the institutions. Therefore, this study aims to examine this from the perspective of ethical leadership style and its impact on the EE. This study focused on a large HEI (Higher Education institution) based in KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa). Quantitative data collection employed the probability sampling targeting 420 employees. Questionnaires were used as data collection tools and obtained a response rate of 312 (74%). The results show that the average mean value for EE (M = 2.87) was weak in comparison to the measurement standard of 3.00, which implied a lack of EE between leadership and employees. In addition, the results indicate that ethical leadership can positively influence the EE (M = 4.27), thus, indicating the need for more ethical leadership at this institution. Furthermore, the current lack of employee`s engagement by leaders that do not exhibit the ethical leadership style can result in employees` disengagement at the institution.