bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of statistical anomaly detection algorithms
Authors:   , An Ni , Weber Steven P.
Published: July 2021

Statistical anomaly detection (SAD) is an important component of securing modern networks facing constantly changing threats. This dissertation focuses on solving several existing problems of SAD in network security: i) performing anomaly detection distributedly in a low-cost manner; ii) analyzing the relationship between training sample size and the anomaly detection accuracy; iii) the application of SAD to detect malware on IoT devices; iv) the application and performance analysis of SAD to detect denial-of-service (DoS) attacks in wireless networks. First, we consider SAD where network data is collected and stored in geographically distributed locations. In the distributed scenario, transmitting raw data to a central server causes large communication overheads when the dimension and size of the data are high. Our work considers distributed principal component analysis (PCA) based SAD algorithms which maintain a high level of accuracy in estimating the global principal subspace from several leading local singular values and singular vectors, with a significant reduction in the volume of data exchanged. Next, the relationship between the training sample size and the detection accuracy of PCA-based SAD is addressed. We show that under a Gaussianity assumption, the discrepancy between the true principal subspace and the sample principal subspace can be upper bounded by a function in inverse proportion to the square root of the sample size and the covariance matrix's eigengap. We also present a saddlepoint approximation to the false alarm rate of the PCA-based SAD. SAD algorithms may be used to detect malware on IoT related devices, such as home routers and intelligent virtual assistants. Malware infected devices may behave abnormally and thus produce unusual system call traces. We apply several different SAD algorithms on system-call frequency features to detect malware infection of IoT devices. Finally, We employ PCA and a Markov chain based SAD to detect reactive jamming attacks in wireless networks. In the aspect of detecting the stealthy reactive jamming attacks, we propose two variants of PCA-based SAD algorithms that achieve higher detection accuracy, and a target attribution algorithm that identifies the node under attack. In the aspect of detecting the random reactive jammer (RRJ), we propose a novel reactive jamming detector and a mathematical model for an intelligent RRJ based on a Markov chain modeling of the carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) mechanism of wireless networks.
Chiroptical and physicochemical properties of heme proteins from marine invertebrates
Authors:   , DiFeo Thomas Joseph , Addison Anthony William
Published: July 2021

The respiratory proteins of many marine invertebrates are hemoglobins and myoglobins which have as their prosthetic group iron protoporphyrin IX. The hemoglobin from two species of the animal phylum Annelida and a species of the closely related phylum Echiura have been studied. Five major components of the monomeric hemoglobin from the polychaete annelid Glycera dibranchiata have been separated and characterized by absorption spectroscopy, isoelectric focusing, azide binding affinities and nitrosyl autoreduction kinetics. Similar studies have been performed on the hemoglobin from the annelid Cirriformia tentaculata and on the hemoglobin and myoglobin from the Echiuran Urechis caupo. Kinetic studies detailing the carbon monoxide driven reduction of Fe(III) proteins ere discussed in terms of distal pocket environment. In addition, oxygen binding kinetics of the hemoglobin from U. caupo are reported. Circular dichroism studies of native hemoglobins and myoglobins along with the respective apoproteins reconstituted with a synthetic symmetric porphyrin suggest that the sign and magnitude of the Soret c.d. signal are a function of both the heme orientation end surrounding globin environment.
Mindful Art Making for Helping Professionals
Authors:   , Keeks Mallory Kathleen , Rattigan Michele
Published: July 2021

This capstone describes the development and implementation of a method that combined mindfulness and art therapy to address the stress faced by helping professionals. The method intended to offer a therapeutic mindful art making experience as a means of self-care and self-compassion in a group open studio format. Observations and feedback from participants suggest that the process elicited relaxation, reflection, and self-efficacy and encouraged a culture of self-care and self-compassion. The experience led to insights and recommendations that may help guide research and implementation in the future.
The Nature, Severity, and Treatment of Insomnia Disorder in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Authors:   , Culnan Elizabeth , Schultheis Maria T. , Kloss Jacqueline D.
Published: July 2021

Objective. Examination and treatment of insomnia in those with multiple sclerosis (MS) is crucial, as insomnia may contribute to decreased quality of life and disease progression through increased inflammatory responses; however, few studies have adequately assessed for insomnia among individuals with MS. Similarly, few studies have examined the correlates of insomnia or implemented behavioral treatments for insomnia. This study aimed to characterize the nature of insomnia, to explore the symptom profiles of those with insomnia, and to conduct a pilot trial of Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia (BBTI) among those with insomnia disorder and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Procedures. 31 participants attended an initial in-person session where they completed the Duke Structured Interview for Sleep Disorders and several self-report measures to characterize sleep, health, and mood. Subsequently, participants completed two weeks of sleep diaries. Four participants diagnosed with insomnia disorder during the initial session completed a trial of BBTI. Results. Findings indicated that 54.8% of the study sample met criteria for insomnia disorder. Insomnia severity was related to pain and physical health-related quality of life. Insomnia severity was also related to fatigue; however, when sleep aid use was controlled for, the association between insomnia and fatigue was no longer significant. Lastly, three individuals had clinically significant improvements in insomnia and decreased fatigue after BBTI. Discussion: Insomnia is prevalent among those with RRMS and is related to factors of MS that are known to be debilitating. BBTI may serve as an effective treatment to improve both insomnia and fatigue; however, larger studies to demonstrate efficacy are necessary.
An Exploration of Department of Juvenile Justice Personnel Experiences with Youth in the School-to-Prison Pipeline
Authors:   , Nelson Christopher J. , Levine Bruce A.
Published: July 2021

The school-to-prison pipeline is a pervasive national issue in which youth are exiting educational settings and entering juvenile justice settings. Yet, while this is a prevalent issue, there are avenues of study and approaches to addressing this issue that have yet to be researched. The following study explored one such avenue: the experiences of adults working with youth in the pipeline. Three streams of literature informed this research: the student population in the pipeline, policies and practices directed toward those in the pipeline, and the use of non-punitive practices to address the pipeline. A small sample of nine adults, out of a total of 86 employed in a variety of positions within a local division of a New York state agency, participated in semi-structured interviews to provide the research data. The findings showed that, while the participants have varying roles, they shared similar experiences and perceptions regarding the understanding of and interacting with youth in the pipeline, the relationship between education and the pipeline, and addressing the needs of youth. Each of the results that emerged from the findings aligned with the findings and results from previous research studies. It was concluded that, for the participants, there is an issue with the juvenile incarceration rate, that experiences working with youth in the pipeline are mostly positive, and there is a history of negative experiences working with the public education system. Finally, recommendations for both action and future research were given.
The Effect of Open Marsh Water Management Practices on the Carbon Balance of Tidal Marshes in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey
Authors:   , Powell Elisabeth Brighton , Velinsky David J. , Watson Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

Salt marshes have been modified for mosquito control since the early 1900s. Open marsh water management (OMWM) is a mosquito control technique first applied in New Jersey in the 1950s. It has been extensively used in the mid-Atlantic and also in Massachusetts, New York, Connecticut, Florida, and Louisiana. This practice involves excavation of areas of marsh, constructing shallow ponds to provide habitat for mosquito larvae-eating fish with the goal of reducing mosquito populations. Nearly half of Barnegat Bay, New Jersey's coastal marshes have been subject to OMWM since 1976, and its effects on ecosystem function are not well understood. Here, we assess the impacts of OMWM on the carbon balance of salt marshes associated with the conversion of intact vegetation to open water ponds. Using a precise object-based image analysis classification technique, we found that over 7,000 ponds, approximately 3% of Barnegat Bay's coastal marshes, have been constructed for mosquito control. Using state of the art IR technology to examine in-situ greenhouse gas fluxes in Barnegat Bay, we found evidence to suggest that the conversion from intact plants to open water ponds negatively shifted the carbon balance of the salt marsh, both within the footprint of the constructed pond as well as within the area where deposition of sediment has prevented the recolonization of marsh vegetation. We conclude that this management technique has significantly reduced the carbon sequestration capacity of Barnegat Bay's tidal wetlands.
Music Improvisation and the Expression of Shadow Elements of the Self
Authors:   , Lin Pei-Hsin , Marston-Burk Linda D.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this capstone study is to review the literature in regards to how improvisational music therapy addressed a client's unconscious and the elements of the shadow. The Jungian shadow archetype and relevant concepts will be reviewed and integrated into clinical improvisation. This capstone study will review nine case studies in order to demonstrate how music therapists found manifestations of elements of the shadow archetype in musical improvisations. The anticipated outcome of this capstone project is to derive clinical implications by using the technique of improvised music, to explore the elements of the shadow, and to inspire others to continue exploring these concepts and ideas.
Principals' Perceptions of Changing the Age=Grade Traditional Model of Schooling
Authors:   , Fuss Hope A. , Phillips Joy C.
Published: July 2021

The traditional education system has roots in the colonial and industrial eras, but the purpose of education in today's dynamic and global economy has vastly changed. Schools need to produce creative thinkers and problem solvers. This research reviewed existing literature to explore the intersections of multiage learning, mastery learning, and blended learning in elementary schools. Centered on research questions that examined principals' perceptions of moving to a new model of elementary schooling that breaks down the barriers of age = grade (students placed into classroom because of their age) traditional schooling, this study sought to support the implementation of instructional strategies to meet elementary students' needs in the digital age. A phenomenological qualitative research design was used for the study. Six elementary school principals in schools that have implemented some aspects of multiage learning, mastery learning, and blended learning were interviewed to construct a description of their experience of breaking down the barriers of age = grade traditional elementary schooling. The findings showed that teacher capacity, progression of the curriculum, technology, time/master scheduling, and principal/teacher readiness for change emerged as barriers to moving to a new model of elementary schooling. Many conclusions were revealed in the data, but perhaps the most important was that barriers to changing the age = grade model of elementary schooling are not insurmountable. This study showed that there is a willingness and eagerness to make changes to the traditional age = grade elementary school model to meet the needs of students in the digital age.
Voices in Closure
Authors:   , Bergh Rebecca A. , Ierardi Florence
Published: July 2021

Support groups can be an important resource and place of strength and safety for many cancer patients whereby peers can share their experiences to receive and share support. It is within the cancer support group setting where cancer patients can express their unique experiences while not being stigmatized or distressing their loved ones. This capstone investigates the use of various singing interventions as a form of closure for oncology support groups. Pertinent literature was examined to inform the use of music therapy interventions with closure of a drop-in support group. Support groups within the oncology population provide essential peer support from individuals who are also cancer survivors. Through the addition of group singing interventions, themes and content that emerged throughout the discussion within the support group are settled through the closure ritual. Four case vignettes are identified and proposed as methods to address closure after oncology support groups. Within the cases, various music therapy interventions are explored as potential interventions to integrate the themes discussed within the support group while closing the group. Therapist/intern integrated chant into music assisted relaxation interventions, used song, and created a containment environment through the use of sustained pitches. The writer provides recommendations on future considerations using group singing interventions as closure in addition to reflections of her unique experience of facilitating the closure intervention.
The South Korean Deployment of Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) Missile Defense Systems and its Effect on Chinese Television Shows
Authors:   , Fu Ze , Salas Philip W. , Tedesco Albert S.
Published: July 2021

China believes that the deployment of a Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile system in South Korea has threatened the security of mainland China. Therefore, the Chinese government banned South Korean entertainment industry content in response to THAAD. China has been a long-term importer of South Korean entertainment programs; the Korean ban policy will affect the entire Chinese entertainment industry. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of South Korean variety shows in China's entertainment industry and the influence that cultural sanctions will have on the popularity of Chinese variety shows that were built on the South Korean model. This study includes a survey of the opinions of the Chinese audience and their love of South Korean variety shows. The online quantitative data that was collected shows how South Korean variety programs affected China from 2012-2015.
Online Analysis and Control of Electric Power Distribution Systems
Authors:   , Coleman Nicholas Stephen , Miu Karen Nan
Published: July 2021

Historically, electric power distribution systems were considered passive subsystems served by the larger transmission grid. Recently, smart grid initiatives have driven the evolution of distribution systems into active systems with market-aware customers and distributed power generation. Along with more diverse and complex injections, contemporary distribution systems are equipped with additional sensing equipment, two-way communications networks, and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). These are essential technologies that enable several core functions of a smart grid, including real-time monitoring and online control. This thesis presents several tools for the online analysis and control of modern electric power distribution systems. "Online" refers to a control framework that can react to changing system conditions in order to maintain static security and meet different operating objectives. Specifically, the objective of this research is to integrate temporal information (i.e., forecasts) into distribution system analysis tools while maintaining fundamental engineering requirements by re-examining classical problems through a contemporary lens. Connected by an underlying injection forecast model, three research topics are explored: 1) distribution load capability, 2) analytical time window selection for quasi-static time series (QSTS) analysis, and 3) distribution state estimation with explicit consideration of non-synchronized measurements. The work proposed here is a necessary step towards distribution system optimization in an online setting with uncertain and/or bidirectional power flows.
Trust the Process
Authors:   , St. Ours Anna Elizabeth , Rosenberg Adina
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this project is to develop a method for therapy for adolescents in a school setting. Relevant literature and research is reviewed to inform the development and implementation of the method. The literature review includes information regarding dance/movement therapy and sports, specifically for the adolescent population with diagnoses such as autism spectrum disorders and specific learning disorders. The method integrates sports and dance/movement therapy in a therapeutic approach designed for adolescent students. Concepts such as competition and creativity are addressed through descriptive case vignettes. The method is intended to provide structure through the use of sports-based activities in dance/movement therapy for adolescents. The author offers reflections on how the literature and research informed the method, limitations and recommendations for the method, and the influence that this work had on the author as an emerging dance/movement therapist.
CEO Performance Evaluation and Discretionary Bonuses
Authors:   , Sun Tao , Curatola Anthony Paul , Vargus Mark
Published: July 2021

As objective measures of performance often do not fully reflect CEO effort, compensation committees have the option to use private and qualitative information to subjectively evaluate CEO performance and pay discretionary bonuses. As the accuracy and informativeness of objective performance measures decrease, compensation committees will place decreased weight on performance evaluation based on objective measures and increased weight on subjective evaluation of CEO performance. Using Big 4 auditors and earnings' ability to predict future cash flows to proxy for the accounting quality, I predict and find that low accounting quality reduces a firm's tendency to pay formula based bonuses, and increases a firm's tendency to pay discretionary bonuses. I further find that long-tenured compensation committee members, who usually have more private information, are more likely to subjectively evaluate CEO performance and their evaluation is more accurate as evidenced by a more positive correlation between changes in current discretionary bonuses and changes in future firm performance. Contrary to common beliefs, I find that powerful CEOs are less likely to receive discretionary bonuses.
Assessing the Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Disordered Eating Behaviors in Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors:   , David Jennie , Daly Brian P.
Published: July 2021

Background: Diet-related chronic health conditions (DRCHCs) are a category of diseases that include Type I Diabetes, Cystic Fibrosis, Celiac Disease, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and revolve around food, diet, and weight. IBD is an umbrella term for Crohn's Disease and ulcerative colitis, both of which are chronic, autoimmune conditions that primarily affect the gastrointestinal system. Although previous research has demonstrated that adolescents with DRCHCs are vulnerable to disordered eating behaviors, the prevalence and risk factors of such concerns within a pediatric IBD population has yet to be explored. This study investigated the prevalence of, and risk factors for, disordered eating behaviors in adolescents with IBD. Methods: This cross-sectional, multi-site survey study recruited via three outpatient pediatric IBD clinics in the ImproveCareNow research collaborative and ImproveCareNow social media postings. Interested pediatric patients with IBD between 12 and 22 years of age were electronically consented to the study and completed the online survey study. Survey study measures included the EDE-Q, IMPACT-III, and the RCADS-25, which assessed disordered eating behaviors, pediatric IBD-specific quality of life, and internalizing symptoms, respectively. Results: Approximately 34% of participants reported clinically significant shape concerns (i.e., discomfort with body shape) and more than 17% reported clinically significant EDE-Q total scores. No differences were found by gender between adolescents with IBD and established norms for healthy individuals. Lower body image, higher anxiety, and lower quality of life were found to significantly predict disordered eating behaviors in this population. Small effect sizes were identified for several medical variables, including diagnosis subtype, surgery history, and previous steroid use, on disordered eating behaviors. Conclusions: Over one third of the study sample endorsed clinically significant shape-related disordered eating thoughts and nearly 20% endorsed symptoms that suggest clinically significant disordered eating, consistent with findings from other DRCHCs research. These findings suggest that pediatric patients with IBD are more likely to identify concerns with thoughts related to disordered eating than disordered eating behaviors. Medical variables may be related to disordered eating thoughts and behaviors. Future research should seek to assess if these findings are replicated with a large sample size. Given the relatively high prevalence, findings suggest that clinicians and researchers should continue to assess body image concerns and disordered eating behaviors in adolescents with IBD in the medical and psychosocial care for this population.
Response to Intervention and the Perceived Academic Self-Efficacy of Urban Elementary Students
Authors:   , Polko Nicholas Allen , Phillips Joy C.
Published: July 2021

Response to Intervention (RtI) is a multi-tiered system of support that provides varying levels of intervention to address academic achievement. This data-driven framework allows educators to categorize students into tiers and identify specific areas of strength and weakness. Yet, the problem the study seeks to address is that educators have a limited understanding of the self-reported academic self-efficacy of students in the varying levels of an RtI model. This mixed methods study investigated the perceptions of elementary-aged students and general education teachers. Through the administration of itemized rating scale survey, student academic self-efficacy perceptions were reported. The researcher also conducted five one-on-one interviews with general education teachers to garner their viewpoints regarding differences, if any, between academics, behaviors, and motivations between students in different RtI tiers. Archival records of RtI student movement data and change scores were also reviewed. An analysis of the survey data revealed that students in Tier III of an RtI framework, have statistically lower levels of academic self-efficacy than their Tier I or Tier II peers. The reports of general education teachers revealed that on average, teachers had lower academic expectations for Tier III students than their Tier I or Tier II peers. A final analysis of the archival records review indicated that mean test change scores for Tier III students were statistically lower than the mean test change scores for Tier I or Tier II students. This research allows elementary educators to gain stronger understanding of the academic self-efficacy perceptions of Tier I, Tier II, and Tier III students within a RtI system. The results of this study suggest that educational leaders must continue to reflect upon current practices and seek innovative ways to target and improve the academic self-efficacy levels of elementary students.
Clay in Peer Consultation
Authors:   , Leleux Demi J. , Awais Yasmine J. , Kaiser Donna H.
Published: July 2021

This paper outlines the development and implementation of a clay consultation method. It was created to promote peer socialization and connection amongst counseling trainees within a counseling center setting. This method provided an introduction into the use of creative expression as a clinical processing tool in exploring and reflecting on trainee development using the medium of clay. Observations gathered from its implementation appeared to elicit a playful, joyful, and insightful experience in conceptualizing clinical development in a creative way. Reflections and recommendations are offered for future exploration for trainees in college counseling centers and beyond.
Implications for Local Wetland Sustainability Based on the Autonomy of Airport-Operating Entities
Authors:   , Connolly Carly Brooke , Dilworth Richardson
Published: July 2021

Wetland ecosystems across the nation are declining in both abundance and viability. Often times such decline can be linked to airport management practices, with the autonomy of the corresponding airport-operating entity having implications for local wetland sustainability. This study sought to prove the link between such observed trends, examining four major airports built on or in close proximity to wetlands to see how autonomy impacted mitigation practices. Variables were established to determine the rank of autonomy and a case-by-case analysis of mitigation ensued to prove that there indeed was a link between airports and wetland health. Those airport-operating entities with the most autonomy showed minimal investment in wetland mitigation, either transferring liability to a third party or barely meeting federal and state requirements. While those less autonomous airport-operating entities seemed to go above and beyond mandated requirements, showing their commitment to local wetland sustainability and environmental stewardship.
Validation of an Image-based Subject-Specific Dynamic Model of the Ankle Joint Complex and its Applications to the Study of the Effect of Articular Surface Morphology on Ankle Joint Mechanics
Authors:   , Balakrishnan Vishnuvardhan , Siegler Sorin
Published: July 2021

3D image based subject specific models of the ankle complex can be extremely significant in a wide variety of clinical and biomechanical applications such as evaluating the effect of ligament ruptures, diagnosing and comparing surgical procedures. However, there are very few computational models that can accurately capture the full 3D biomechanical properties of the ankle complex. One such computational model was introduced by our group in 2004 [1], and this model was partially validated with a very limited set of parameters for comparison. In the current study, we have developed an improvised version of this model and validated it on a subject to subject basis for a number of specimens. This is achieved by comparing a wide range of biomechanical parameters between the experiments and the simulation. Once, the model is validated, it can be used for a wide variety of clinical and surgical applications . Some applications include comparing the effects of surface morphology on the kinematics of the ankle joint, diagnosing and evaluation of ankle disorders like ligament tears and reconstruction surgeries. Previous experimental studies conducted to understand and validate the effect of morphological variations to kinematics involved invasive surgical procedures and hence could only be conducted in cadaveric foot. Hence a need for a dynamic model which could predict and recreate the kinematics of an ankle using only CT and, or MRI data was realized. Such a model could help in development and non-invasive testing of subject specific TAR. This thesis focusses on the subject specific validation of rigid body models of four specimens and an one-to-one validation based on Load-displacement curves, Range of Motion, Surface-to-surface interaction and Ligament straining patterns. Post validation of the MBS model in MSC ADAMS, the model is used to investigate the effect of axial loads, total ankle arthrodesis and the effect of varying surface morphologies on the behavior of the ankle joint complex. An in-depth comparative analysis on the use of a numerical model for the development and performance evaluation of an implant derived from the morphological parameters of the ankle joint is also presented.
Ego functions in art therapy
Authors:   , Carlton Natalie Rae , Conley Linda
Published: July 2021

This study explores the artwork of three patients diagnosed with schizophrenia to determine if Leopold Bellak's demarcation of twelve ego functions are manifested in art therapy products and processes. Patient drawing and sculpting manifestations are examined as well as patient behavior, thought processes and affect in order to determine ego functioning. The artwork was collected over the course of a single hospitalization and the associations, behavioral responses and affect were all recorded and integrated with the artwork. Psychoanalytic and ego psychology theories of ego functions and ego maturation are presented. Bellak's definitions of twelve ego Junctions are presented and compared to other theorists' views. Some treatment issues in art therapy's application of ego functioning include symbol formation, the therapeutic relationship, regressed affective states and the neutralization of primary process material. The major findings of this study were that levels ego functioning were suggested by art manifestations, associations to artwork, behavior in art processes and thought processes during the discussions of artwork. An ego based framework utilized in art therapy can emphasize strengths in the ego of a patient for treatment practices in clinical art therapy.
Cache miss analysis of Walsh-Hadamard transform algorithms
Authors:   , Furis Mihai Alexandru , Johnson Jeremy Russell
Published: July 2021

Processor speed has been increasing at a much greater rate than memory speed leading to the so called processor-memory gap. In order to compensate for this gap in performance, modern computers rely heavily on a hierarchical memory organization with a small amount of fast memory called cache. The true cost of memory access is hidden, provided data can be obtained from cache. Substantial performance improvement in the runtime of a program can be obtained by making intelligent algorithmic choices that better utilize cache. Previous work has largely concentrated on improving memory performance through better cache design and compiler techniques for generating code with better locality. Generally these improvements have been measured by using collections of benchmark programs, simulations and statistical methods. In contrast in this work investigates how the choice of algorithm affects cache performance. This is done for a family of algorithms for computing the Walsh-Hadamard transform a simple yet important algorithm for signal and image processing. The WHT is a particularly good starting point due to the large number of alternative algorithms that can be generated and studied. Moreover the WHT algorithms have an interesting strided memory access pattern that can be analyzed analytically. A procedure is developed to count the number of cache misses for an arbitrary WHT algorithm and this procedure is used to investigate the number of cache misses for different algorithms.
Using dance/movement therapy techniques to augment the effectiveness of therapeutic holding with children
Authors:   , Lundy Heather , Goodill Sherry W.
Published: July 2021

This study investigated the effect of incorporating dance/movement therapy techniques before and after standard physical restraint procedures for violence prevention in order to increase effectiveness of the intervention. Effectiveness in this case is defined as improved therapeutic dynamics and empathy between the participants. This study was conducted at the Terry Children's Psychiatric Center in New Castle. Delaware. Participants included children and staff involved in therapeutic holding incidents at the center. Children were asked about their experiences in therapeutic holds in order to qualitatively document their experience and inform the Workshop. Adult participants attended a four-hour Dance/Movement Therapy Training Workshop to learn to integrate Dance/Movement Therapy techniques with normal restraint procedures. Pre and Post intervention information was gathered using a mixed methodology approach; incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods. A model of the Dance/Movement Therapy training course was developed and executed as a project. It was found that the D/MT training increased adult empathy, awareness, and confidence in the procedure. There was no increase in adult reported empathy, however there was a significant increase in the adults' ability to shift perspective.
Dance/movement therapy
Authors:   , Stepek Heather Lee , Goodill Sherry W.
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study was to derive an OccupationalPersonality Profile of dance/movement therapists who haveobtained the A. D. T. R. (Academy of Dance Therapists Registered)level of registry. Using the Occupational Personality Questionnaire (Saville& Holdsworth Ltd., 1984-1987) and a brief supplementaldemographic survey, A. D. T. R.s attending the 1994 NationalConference of the A. D. T. A. (American Dance TherapyAssociation) were surveyed on October 23, 1994. Due to a lownumber of responses, additional subjects were recruited fromthe Pennsylvania and nearby Chapters of the A. D. T. A., for atotal of 34 respondents. Results showed that the dance/movement therapistssurveyed scored high on the independent, caring, artistic,behavioral, conceptual, and worrying scales. They indicatedlow scores on the persuasive, controlling, data rational,forward planning, detail conscious, conscientious, relaxed,tough-minded, emotional control, competitive, achieving, andsocial desirability scales. These findings indicate thatalthough well matched for the service aspect of theprofession, the occupational personality of dance/movementtherapists as a group shows limitations of the field and itspotential for growth in the marketplace. These data will be useful when seeking ways to motivateindividuals within the field to respond to government alertsand to increase their publications. It also provides graduateschools with more discerning criteria to look for inprospective students in order to select new members who willbe strong contributors to the field of dance/movement therapy.
An investigation of the use of microcomputer-based laboratory simulations in promoting conceptual understanding in secondary physics instruction
Authors:   , Tomshaw Stephen G. , Harvey Francis
Published: July 2021

Physics education research has shown that students bring alternate conceptions to the classroom which can be quite resistant to traditional instruction methods (Clement, 1982; Halloun & Hestenes, 1985; McDermott, 1991). Microcomputer-based laboratory (MBL) experiments that employ an active-engagement strategy have been shown to improve student conceptual understanding in high school and introductory university physics courses (Thornton & Sokoloff, 1998). These (MBL) experiments require a specialized computer interface, type-specific sensors (e.g. motion detectors, force probes, accelerometers), and specialized software in addition to the standard physics experimental apparatus. Tao and Gunstone (1997) have shown that computer simulations used in an active engagement environment can also lead to conceptual change. This study investigated 69 secondary physics students' use of computer simulations of MBL activities in place of the hands-on MBL laboratory activities. The average normalized gain  in students' conceptual understanding was measured using the Force and Motion Conceptual Evaluation (FMCE). Student attitudes towards physics and computers were probed using the Views About Science Survey (VASS) and the Computer Attitude Scale (CAS). While it may be possible to obtain an equivalent level of conceptual understanding using computer simulations in combination with an active-engagement environment, this study found no significant gains in students' conceptual understanding ( = -0.02) after they completed a series of nine simulated experiments from the Tools for Scientific Thinking curriculum (Thornton & Sokoloff, 1990). The absence of gains in conceptual understanding may indicate that either the simulations were ineffective in promoting conceptual change or problems with the implementation of the treatment inhibited its effectiveness. There was a positive shift in students' attitudes towards physics in the VASS dimensions of structure and reflective thinking, while there was a negative shift in students' attitudes towards computers in the CAS subscales of anxiety and usefulness. The negative shift in attitudes towards computers may be due to the additional time and work required by the students to perform the simulation experiments with no apparent reward in terms of their physics grade. Suggestions for future research include a qualitative element to observe student interactions and alternate formats for the simulations themselves.
Asymmetric brain activation
Authors:   , Ochner Christopher N. , Lowe Michael R.
Published: July 2021

Right-sided frontal asymmetry has been related to negative affect and an "avoidant" personality type. Research has demonstrated a relationship between right-sided frontal asymmetry and restrained eating in normal weight individuals. It has previously been shown that normal weight restrained eaters display similar frequencies of negative affect and patterns of eating as overweight binge eaters. This study tested the hypothesis that overweight individuals high in binge eating would exhibit greater right-sided frontal asymmetry than would overweight individuals low in binge eating. 30 overweight participants were recruited from a weight maintenance, or binge eating, study. Participants were assessed using the Binge Eating Scale (BES), Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Power of Food Scale (PFS) and the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ). Asymmetrical brain activation in the frontal and parietal cortices was assessed using resting electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. Participants were grouped according to BES scores (low binge vs. high binge). ANOVAs were used to examine group differences in asymmetry by region (frontal vs. parietal) with and without controlling for state affect. Pearson correlations were used to examine the relationships between all self-report measures and asymmetrical activation. Results did not support the main hypothesis, indicating that binge eating was not related to asymmetry in this sample. High bingers scored significantly higher in MASQ Anxious Arousal, however, state affect was not related to asymmetry. Post hoc analyses revealed that PFS scores were negatively correlated with positive affect, positively correlated with left-sided frontal asymmetry, and positively correlated with right-sided parietal asymmetry. An inverse correlation was also found between frontal and parietal asymmetry. Post hoc results encourage further investigation into the affect model of frontal asymmetry. It is suggested that the BIS-BAS model of asymmetry may better account for frontal asymmetry results, however data collected in this study did not allow for an evaluation of construct validity of differing theories. Future research is needed to unify asymmetrical activation models and further explore relationships between appetitive responsiveness, frontal asymmetry, and parietal asymmetry.
Prediction of crystallographic texture evolution and anisotropic stress-strain response during large plastic deformation in [alpha]-titanium alloys
Authors:   , Wu Xianping , Kalidindi Surya , Doherty Roger D.
Published: July 2021

A new Taylor-type polycrystalline model has been developed to simulate the evolution of crystallographic texture and the anisotropic stress-strain response during large plastic deformation in [alpha]-titanium alloys at room temperature. Crystallographic slip, deformation twinning, and slip inside twinned regions were all considered as contributing mechanisms for the plastic strain in the model. This was accomplished by treating the dominant twin systems in a given crystal as independent grains once the total twin volume fraction in that crystal reached a predetermined saturation value. The newly formed grains were allowed to independently undergo further slip and the concomitant lattice rotation, but further twinning was prohibited. New descriptions have been established for slip and twin hardening and the complex coupling between them. Good predictions were obtained for the overall anisotropic stress-strain response and texture evolution in several different monotonic deformation paths on annealed, initially textured samples of two different chemical compositions of [alpha]-titanium alloys. The polycrystalline plasticity model presented here is built on the Taylor assumption of uniform deformation gradient in all of the constituent grains. The effects of this gross simplification have been evaluated by comparing the predicted stress and strain distributions between Taylor model and the more sophisticated finite element models that relax the assumption of the uniform strain. The anisotropy of the plastic behavior was observed to strongly influence the deviation of the Taylor model predictions from the finite element model predictions when comparing the stress and strain distributions in deformed polycrystalline [alpha]-titanium with initially random texture. The slip parameters established using the crystal plasticity model developed here were utilized in a novel spectral framework, called Microstructure Sensitive Design (MSD), for constructing elastic-plastic property closures in hexagonal polycrystals. The main focus was on the influence of the crystallographic texture (in the hcp polycrystals) on the components of the macroscale anisotropic elastic stiffness, macroscale anisotropic tensile yield, and the macroscale R-ratios (ratio of the transverse strains in tensile deformation mode) exhibited by the material.
A multi-theoretic analysis of financial and strategic consequences of corporate venture capital
Authors:   , Yang Yi , Narayanan Vadake K.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the relationships between the structural and managerial characteristics of corporate venture capital (CVC) programs and the consequences of their CVC activities, and reveal the mechanisms that lead to enhanced CVC performance. It consists of three studies which draw from three research streams: agency theory, option theory, and learning theory. The first study examined how the portfolio configuration as for technology and industry diversification influences the growth option value of the whole portfolio, and how the structural characteristics of a CVC program such as syndication and autonomy, influence its CVC managers' investment decisions with regard to technology diversification. The results suggested that both technology diversification and industry diversification among portfolio companies were related to the growth value of their corporate investor in a U-shaped relationship. In addition, syndication activities of a CVC program were significantly related to technology diversification, while the autonomy of a CVC program was significantly related to industry diversification. The second study investigated how autonomy, incentive scheme, and monitoring mode of a CVC program would influence knowledge flows between the corporate investor and the portfolio companies, thereby impacting the corporate investor's innovativeness and the portfolio company's performance. The findings provided support for the negative impact of the VC-like incentive scheme and autonomy on knowledge transfer from portfolio companies to corporate investors. The third study investigated the impacts of four structural characteristics of a CVC program on its selection and valuation capabilities, including lifespan, stability, incentive schemes, and syndication with VC. The results showed strong impacts of syndication activity on the selection and valuation capabilities pertaining to financial returns, and mixed effects of lifespan and stability.
Investigating the evolution of grain scale microstructure during large plastic deformation of polycrystalline aluminum
Authors:   , Bhattacharyya Abhishek , Kalidindi Surya , Doherty Roger D.
Published: July 2021

Polycrystalline deformation and its modeling by currently used crystal plasticity models has been investigated by means of experiments involving direct measurement of deformation induced orientation changes. The experiments used a polycrystalline aluminum sample with columnar grains, whose initial lattice orientations were mapped using the Orientation Imaging Microscopy (OIM) technique. The sample was then deformed under (i) simple compression by 40% along the axis of the columnar grains and (ii) plane strain compression along the normal direction with the columnar grains along the transverse direction of the channel-die, in steps of 10% up to a total reduction of 40%. The lattice orientations after deformation were studied by OIM and it was found that most of the grains had significant in-grain misorientations in the form of deformation bands with two morphologies - either elongated on the grain scale or nearly equiaxed. In many, but not all cases, more than one similarly oriented deformation band was found in an individual grain. The deformations were then simulated using (i) a classical Taylor type model, and (ii) a finite element model of the polycrystalline aggregate imposing equilibrium and compatibility between and within the constituent grains (in the weak numerical sense). A comparison of the predictions with the experimental results indicated that the Taylor-type model captured well the overall deformation texture of the sample but failed to predict the orientation of individual grains in the sample and also by its implicit assumptions could not predict any in-grain misorientation. The finite element model predicted, reasonably well, grain rotations as well as the magnitude of the in-grain misorientations in most, but not all, of the individual grains, but failed completely to predict the morphology of the deformation bands that developed within the grains. Based upon the principle of minimization of plastic energy dissipation rate, it was revealed that the larger "high" Taylor factor grains deformed in a way so as to minimize their internal plastic work whereas the deformation of "low" Taylor factor grains were strongly influenced by their neighboring "high" Taylor factor large grains.