bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utility of screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed sequentially with endoscopic ultrasonography
Authors: Kaneko Junichi , Yamada Takanori , Sasada Yuzo , Watahiki Moeka , Kosugi Toshikatsu , Kusama Daisuke , Tamakoshi Hiroki , Niwa Tomoyuki , Takinami Masaki , Tsuji Atsushi , Nishino Masafumi , Takahashi Yurimi , Kawata Kazuhito , Sugimoto Ken
Published: September 2023

Background:Gastric cancer screening using esophagogastroduodenoscopy is crucial in areas in which gastric cancer has a high incidence. To provide more opportunities for gastric cancer screening, we have a protocol of sequential esophagogastroduodenoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography using each dedicated scope for patients with pancreaticobiliary disease; however, the usefulness of this protocol is not elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the utility of screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy in this protocol for the detection of gastric epithelial neoplasms.Methods:We investigated the utility of screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed sequentially with endoscopic ultrasonography for patients with pancreaticobiliary disease at our hospital between April 2020 and September 2022 and compared its detection rate for gastric epithelial neoplasms with that of gastric cancer screening at our medical checkup center. Additionally, a logistic regression model was used to identify factors affecting the detection of gastric epithelial neoplasms.Results:A total of 615 screening esophagogastroduodenoscopies were performed sequentially with endoscopic ultrasonography, and 10 (1.6%) gastric epithelial neoplasms were detected: early gastric cancer in 7 and gastric adenoma in 3. The detection rate of gastric epithelial neoplasms in the protocol was higher than that in the medical checkup center (1.6% vs. 0.2% [14/7,763],p<0.01). Additionally, using a magnification endoscope was the only independent factor affecting the detection of gastric epithelial neoplasms in the protocol (odds ratio, 9.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.98–45.90;p<0.01).Conclusions:A protocol of sequential esophagogastroduodenoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography is recommended to detect gastric epithelial neoplasms. Additionally, magnification endoscopy may facilitate detection in this protocol.
Insight on pollution and energy recovery potential of leachate from landfill sites of Northern India
Authors: Bhagwat Anjali , Ojha Chandra Shekhar Prasad , Kumar Rajat , Tyagi Vinay Kumar
Published: September 2023

Leachate is a highly digested by-product of waste degradation originating from municipal landfills. It has high pollution potential and needs to be treated before disposal. Environmentally sustainable technology like microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is becoming a novel choice as it treats and also produces energy from leachate. Nevertheless, the suitability of energy (biogas) recovery depends upon the leachate characteristics. The leachate from three landfill sites of Ghazipur, Okhla and Bhalswa in Delhi was characterized. The findings revealed that the organic strength of leachate in terms of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) do not support biogas production. Further, high concentrations of NH3-N and chloride may exert inhibitory effects on biomethanation. Heavy metals such as Fe, Cr and Ni show a positive effect, whereas Zn and Cu inhibit the leachate to biogas conversion. Leachate Pollution Index (LPI) values for Ghazipur, Okhla and Bhalswa were 24.77, 26.28 and 24.64, respectively. Since the LPI is greater than 15, leachates need to be treated. When pollution potential was assessed using sub-indices, the comparative leachate pollution for organics is Okhla > Bhalsawa > Ghazipur, for inorganic pollutants Ghazipur > Okhla > Bhalwsa, and for heavy metals, the order follows Okhla > Bhalswa > Ghazipur. Further, PCA analysis of the three landfills shows that the leachate from Ghazipur and Bhalswa are organics rich. For Okhla, the leachate characteristics are mostly determined by inert waste contributed largely by construction and demolition (C and D) waste. Thus, Gahzipur and Bhalswa landfills may better support leachate-gas production over the Okhla landfill.
qMaLioffG: A single green fluorescent protein FLIM indicator enabling quantitative imaging of endogenous ATP
Authors: Arai Satoshi , Itoh Hideki , Vu Cong Quang , Nakayama Mizuho , Oshima Masanobu , Morita Atsuya , Okamoto Kazuko , Okuda Satoru , Teranishi Aki , Osawa Madori , Tamura Yoshiteru , Nonoyama Shigeaki , Takuma Megumi , Fujie Toshinori , Sarker Satya , Sudhaharan Thankiah , Kiya Taketoshi , Lane E. Birgitte , Kitaguchi Tetsuya
Published: September 2023

The widespread use of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) for quantitative imaging is hindered by the limited availability of FLIM-based genetically encoded indicators compatible with conventional 488 nm lasers. Here, we present qMaLioffG, a single green fluorescent protein FLIM indicator that shows fluorescence lifetime changes in ATP concentrations within the physiological range. This allows the quantitative imaging of endogenous ATP to investigate the cellular energy status of different cell types.
Buckling and springback behavior in hydro-pressing of thin-walled 5A06 aluminum alloy tubular component
Authors: Zhu Yuanpu , Cui Xiao-Lei , Chu Ruihua , He Jiuqiang
Published: September 2023

Buckling and springback defects are easily to be produced on the thin-walled aluminum alloy tubular components when they are manufactured by the hydro-pressing process. In this paper, the cross-sectional buckling and springback behavior of the thin-walled 5A06 aluminum alloy tube blanks with D/t greater than 50 during the hydro-pressing process using a die with middle parting structure were researched by the experiment and numerical simulation. The effect of the internal pressure loading path on the cross-sectional shape and size of the tubular components was firstly discussed. Then, the buckling and springback mechanisms of the cross-section were revealed during the hydro-pressing process. It is shown that the cross-sectional dimension deviation of the tubular components obtained under a constant internal pressure of 0.15ps or a stepwise increasing internal pressure from 0 to 1.00ps with the upper die movement is lower than that under the constant internal pressures of 0.25ps and 0.50ps. During the hydro-pressing forming process, a large bending deformation that occurs on the edge of the unsupported area will lead to buckling defect. Moreover, the deformation behavior of the straight wall is affected by the bending moment in the corner during the unloading process. On the one hand, a concave deformation happens on the straight wall during the unloading process of internal pressure. On the other hand, the concave cross-section will spring back outward in the process of die opening.
The impact of working on health-related quality of life in patients with head and neck cancers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Takahashi Noriko , Hirooka Kayo , Sasaki Yoshiyuki , Fukui Sakiko
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
This study aimed to examine the impact of working on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) after surgery.
Methods:
Eighty outpatients with HNC were assessed using working status and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck version 4 (FACT-H&N). T-test/one-way analysis of variance were used to describe the mean FACT-H&N score and categorical variables. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the contribution of working on HRQOL.
Results:
The mean age was 58.7 ± 11.9 years, 63.8% were male, and the mean time since surgery was 12.3 ± 6.3 months. In the univariate analysis, working patients were younger (p = 0.019), had smaller T classification (p = 0.016), and were less likely to undergo adjuvant therapy (p = 0.007) and reconstruction (p = 0.003). Multiple regression analysis showed that working was positively associated with FACT-H&N (B = 10.81; p = 0.021).
Conclusions:
Working after HNC surgery may improve patients’ well-being, both functionally and physically. Moreover, management of treatment side effects and provision of rehabilitation to enable patients to work are required to achieve possible better HRQOL in patients with HNC. Therefore, healthcare professionals should deliver appropriate information and support patients to work.
The Rise and Fall of Nations: A Perspective from the Evolutionary Humean Farmer Game
Authors: Fabella Raul V.
Published: September 2023

We employ evolutionary game theory to derive an insight into the scholarship of the Rise and Decline of Nations. We construct the Evolutionary Humean Farmer Game which, following David Hume, employs two behavioral types: the reciprocal type (R) who offers help but will punish when betrayed; and the selfish type (S) who offers no help. Punishment is through assortative matching where the probability of matching with anR-type decays but improves with abidance. Modern scaffoldings of the opportunity cost of helpinge > 0and the cost of punishingp > 0are added. The levels of these parameters are established as Humean conventions which themselves change with the socio-physical environment. We employ Malthusian replication to mimic Hume’s protracted process of discovery. The unique evolutionary equilibrium of this game is the pureR-type (cooperator) population if and only if the benign inequality holds: the level of vigilancebexceeds the sum of the helping costeand the punishing costp.This condition supports a rise in the proportion ofR-types in the population thereby raising productivity and overall prosperity—the nation rises. But increasing prosperity and population growth profoundly change the socio-physical environment, in turn, changing prevailing conventions: reduce vigilancebwhile raising both the cost of helpingeand the cost of punishingp—what collectively Gibbons called the “loss of civic virtue”. If these changes reverse the benign inequality, the nation embarks on a trajectory of increasing defection, decreasing productivity and decline. JEL Classification: B0, B15, B31, C73
The role of BNIP3 and blocked autophagy flux in arsenic induced oxidative stress induced liver injury in rats
Authors: Zhi haiyan , Bi Dingnian , Lu Qingyue , Wang Hongling , Wang Yi , Lv Ying , Hu Yong
Published: September 2023

Arsenic is a widely distributed environmental toxic substance in nature. Chronic arsenic exposure can cause permanent damage to the liver of humans and animals, resulting to the death of poisoned patients. However, the mechanism of liver damage caused by arsenic poisoning is yet unclear. Here, four different concentrations of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) [control group (0 mg/L), low dose (25 mg/L), medium dose (50 mg/L), and high dose group (100 mg/L)]were established to induce liver injury in rats. Took into account this, the relationship and potential mechanisms of oxidative stress, Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B-19-kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), and inhibition of autophagy flux in liver injury caused by arsenic poisoning were studied. The results indicated that long-term exposure to NaAsO2 could induce oxidative stress, leading to high expression of BNIP3 and impaired autophagy flux, resulting in liver damage. This research provides an important basis for future research on liver damage caused by chronic arsenic exposure and prevention and treatment with BNIP3 as the target.
Beading plot: A novel graphics for ranking interventions in network evidence
Authors: Chen Chiehfeng , Chuang Yu-Chieh , Chan Edwin , Chen Jin-Hua , Hou Wen-Hsuan , Kang Enoch
Published: September 2023

Background:
Network meta-analysis enable comprehensive pairwise comparisons among all available treatments; therefore it enriches evidence for clinical decision-making, offering insights into treatment effectiveness and safety when faced with multiple options. However, the complexity and numerous treatment comparisons in network meta-analysis can challenge healthcare providers and patients. The purpose of this study aimed to introduce a graphic design to present complex rankings of multiple interventions comprehensively.
Methods:
Our team members developed a “beading plot” to summary probability of achieving the best treatment (P-best) and global metrics including surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) and P-score. Implemented via the "rankinma" R package, this tool summarizes rankings across diverse outcomes in network meta-analyses, and the package received an official release on the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN). It includes the PlotBead() function for creating beading plots, which represent treatment rankings among various outcomes.
Results:
Beading plot has been designed as an adaptation of the number line plot, which effectively displays collective metrics for each treatment across various outcomes. Using a scale from 0 to 1, it accommodates ranking metrics like P-best, SUCRA, and P-score. Continuous lines represent outcomes, and color-coded beads signify treatments.
Conclusion:
The beading plot is a valuable graphic that intuitively displays treatment rankings across diverse outcomes, enhancing reader-friendliness and aiding decision-making in complex network evidence scenarios. While empowering clinicians and patients to identify optimal treatments, it should be used cautiously, alongside an assessment of the overall evidence certainty.
Evaluation of the inhibitory potential of Bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV2 by in-silico approach
Authors: J Mariya Sneha Rani , P Akkarshana , V Neelaveni , Mohan Shalini , Rao Rajas M , PD Rekha , Muthulakshmi Lakshmanan
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 19) pandemic brought on by the SARS-CoV2 outbreak (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) has stimulated the exploration of various available chemical compounds that could be used to treat the infection. This has driven numerous researchers to investigate the antiviral potential of several bioactive compounds from medicinal plants due to their reduced adverse effects compared to chemicals. Some of the bioactive compounds used in folklore treatment strategies are reported as effective inhibitors against the proliferative and infective cycles of SARS-CoV2. The secondary metabolites from plants are generally used to treat various diseases due to their intact medicinal properties. The present study analyses the inhibitory potential of phytocompounds from medicinal plants like Sphaeranthus indicus, Lantana camara and Nelumbo nucifera against SARS-CoV2 by molecular docking. Ten druggable protein targets from SARS-CoV2 are docked against the phytocompounds from the selected medicinal plants. The phytocompounds Astragalin, Isoquercetin, and 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-6-c-glycosy flavone were found to have lower binding energy depicting their inhibitive potential compared with the reported inhibitors that are used in the treatment of SARS-CoV2 infection. To assess the compounds' potential as drugs, their ADMET characteristics were also examined. Sphaeranthus indicus, Lantana camara, Nelumbo nucifera six possible compounds were separately screened for ADME and toxicity characteristics, then the results were analyzed. Microsecond-level molecular dynamics simulations of both the ligands complexed with NSP15 revealed that the ligand induces allosteric effects on NSP15, which could lead to destabilization of NSP15 hexameric interface and loss of RNA binding.
Drug target prediction through deep learning functional representation of gene signatures
Authors: Zhou Yingyao , Chen Hao , King Frederick , Zhou Bin , Wang Yu , Canedy Carter , Hayashi Joel , Zhong Yong , Chang Max , Pache Lars , Wong Julian , Jia Yong , Joslin John , Jiang Tao , Benner Christopher , Chanda Sumit
Published: September 2023

Many machine learning applications in bioinformatics currently rely on gene identities extracted from input gene signatures, and fail to take advantage of preexisting knowledge about gene functions. We developed the Functional Representation of Gene Signatures (FRoGS) approach by training a deep learning model. FRoGS represents gene signatures projected onto their biological functions, instead of their identities, similar to how the word2vec technique works in natural language processing. We demonstrated that its application to L1000 datasets resulted in more effective compound-target predictions than models based on gene identities alone. Through further integration of additional pharmacological activity data sources, FRoGS significantly contributed to a large number of high-quality compound-target predictions, which were supported by in silico and/or experimental evidence. These results underscore the general utility of FRoGS in machine learning-based bioinformatics applications. Prediction networks pre-equipped with the knowledge of gene functions may help more readily uncover relationships among gene signatures acquired by large-scale OMICs studies on compounds, cell types, disease models, and patient cohorts.
Electric Road Systems: A No-Regret Investment with Policy Support
Authors: Rogstadius Jakob , Alfredsson Hampus , Sällberg Henrik , Faxén Karl-Filip
Published: September 2023

This study addresses the pressing issue of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the road freight sector. We investigate whether Electric Road Systems (ERS) for heavy duty trucks are a viable solution for the European Union to align the sector with economy-wide GHG reduction targets. Results are based on simulations in MOSTACHI, a new model for studying interaction effects between competing charging infrastructure and cost-minimizing vehicle operators. ERS impact is assessed on transport cost, GHG emissions, resource demand, and competing charging infrastructure. We find that for ERS to be a no-regret investment, an accompanying policy is needed that penalizes non-participation. This ensures the economies of scale necessary for the ERS infrastructure’s viability and reduces transport cost on average. With policy, ERS increases battery-electric truck uptake and GHG reductions and reduces demand for batteries and fossil and renewable fuels, throughout the infrastructure lifetime.
Experimental Study of the Hydraulic S-Jump with Bed Roughness
Authors: Fallahi Bashir , Heidarpour Manouchehr
Published: September 2023

A new method capable of defining the hydraulic jump peculiarities at 1, 1.33, 1.6, and 2 expanding ratios at 0, 1.33, and 2 cm bed roughness and Froude numbers within the 4.9 to 9.5 range was assessed. The impacts of expansion ratio and bed roughness elements on the basic hydraulic jump features, including the sequent depth, length, and energy loss, were investigated for a Froude number range. The results indicated that the abrupt expansion and roughness bed decreases the sequent depth and jump length by about 49.5% and 22.34%, respectively. In addition, the energy loss increased by 31.1% in comparison with the classical jump. Empirical relationships were obtained for the sequent depth and relative energy loss of hydraulic jump in an abrupt expanding channel with bed roughness. Using dimensional analysis, equations were achieved for the sequent depth ratio, the relative energy loss, and the relative jump length with acceptable accuracy.
Distribution, nest architecture, and forage plants of an endemic Wallacean species of stingless bee Wallacetrigona incisa (Apidae: Meliponini) in Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Suhri Andi Gita Maulidyah Indraswari , Kahono Sih , Syamsir Syamsir
Published: September 2023

Wallacetrigona incisa is a Wallacean species endemic to Sulawesi Island, Indonesia. To protect natural colonies, their habitat must be kept stable. Hunting in natural habitats and moving colonies to unsuitable environments causes stress. Information on their habitat distribution has been revealed; however, information on their distribution still needs to be improved, and aspects of their ecology that are currently poorly understood need to be studied for conservation and utilization. We conducted research on their additional distribution in different locations in South and West Sulawesi provinces, nest architecture, and food plants by direct observation. Each nest was found, the GPS position was measured, habitat conditions were characterized, and pollen was collected to determine the forage plants. Twenty-seven living nests were recorded in South Sulawesi, and two in West Sulawesi. The most prominent distinctive nest architecture for the defense of the colony from damage by predation is the strong entrance covered with a thick, hard resin of the Agathis plant. From the analysis of pollen balls on the feet of bees, it was found that forage plants from 19 families and 38 types of pollen, and the three dominant species were Agathis celebica, Barringtonia asiatica, and Pigafetta elata. This finding is important for supporting the conservation of this Sulawesi endemic species.
Leaves from two Solanaceae species with different leaf morphological traits respond differently to imidacloprid foliar spray*
Authors: Nicolai Juan , Aires Eduardo Santana , Júnior Francisco Gilvan Borges Ferreira Freitas , Marques Isabelly Cristina Silva , Putti Fernando Ferrari , Ono Elizabeth Orika , Rodrigues Tatiane Maria
Published: September 2023

Imidacloprid (IMI) is an insecticide neonicotinoid widely used for controlling crop pests and usually applied by foliar spray. The insecticide causes changes in structural and functional aspects in different plant species. However, the foliar absorption rate, which is controlled mainly by micromorphological characteristics of the leaf surface, can be related to the response intensity. This study aimed to investigate the anatomical, physiological and biochemical responses to IMI foliar application in two Solanaceae species whose leaves have distinctive micromorphological features. Capsicum annuum has glabrous leaves, whereas Solanum aethiopicum has hairy leaves. IMI was applied using leaf pulverization. Leaf absorption and wettability tests were performed. Analyses of gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity, and lipid peroxidation were performed. Morphometric analyses of leaf blades were performed under light microscopy. 3,3-diaminobenzidina (DAB) was used for in situ detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In both species, IMI-treated leaves showed higher mesophyll thickness and more intense ROS staining than those in untreated leaves. Imidacloprid-treated C. annuum leaves showed more severe alterations in physiological and biochemical aspects than those in S. aethiopicum leaves. This was most evident in terms of CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and instant carboxylation efficiency. In addition, IMI-treated C. annuum leaves presented anatomical alterations including pronounced sinuosity on palisade parenchyma cell shape and increased intercellular spaces in spongy parenchyma. The most pronounced functional and structural alterations in IMI-treated C. annuum leaves was associated with their leaves micromorphological features, which increased wettability and probably IMI absorption.
Earthquake detection capacity of the Dense Oceanfloor Network system for Earthquakes and Tsunamis (DONET)
Authors: Nanjo K. , Yamamoto Y. , Ariyoshi K. , Horikawa H. , Yada S. , Takahashi N.
Published: September 2023

We studied the earthquake detection capacity of DONET (Dense Oceanfloor Network system for Earthquakes and Tsunamis) operating in the Nankai Trough, a target region monitored for future megathrust earthquakes. The focus was to evaluate the impact on this capacity from the prism of the malfunction of parts of the network. For this purpose, the completeness magnitude, above which all earthquakes are considered to be detected by a seismic network, was used. Then, a catalog that includes events observed by DONET was used. We found spatiotemporal variability of completeness magnitude, ranging from values below 1 in one of the areas where stations are densely deployed to values above 2 at the periphery and outside of the DONET area. We conducted a simulation computation for cases of malfunction of densely distributed stations. The results showed that completeness estimates in the area near the malfunctioning stations were about 1 magnitude larger. This implies that malfunction repair and/or replacement with new stations would be desirable, because it pronouncedly affects earthquake monitoring. We then demonstrated an example of how to use information on completeness magnitude as prior knowledge to compute the b value of the Gutenberg-Richter distribution. The result indicates the b value as a proxy that can help to image stress heterogeneity when there is a magnitude-6 class slow slip event on the Nankai Trough plate boundary.
A study protocol: resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with knee osteoarthritis based on central hyperalgesia
Authors: Wang Kai , Zhang Fu-Qiang , Zhang Sui-Feng , Sun Dong-Liang , Yan Liang , Cheng Qing-Hao , Chai Xi-Ping , Guo Hong-Zhang
Published: September 2023

Background
Pain is the most common symptom of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), with an incidence of 36.8–60.7%, thereby making it a primary cause that impacts patients’ quality of life and forces them to seek medical treatment. However, the KOA pain mechanisms are complex. The resulting joint degeneration provides stimuli to the central nervous system, thus, initiating several plastic changes under pain stimulation. Hence, nerve function changes enhance the responsiveness of neurons to normal or subliminal afferents, resulting in central sensitization. The development of chronic pain is closely related to the reorganization of brain structure and function. However, recent imaging technologies like resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) can inhibit the non-specific signals caused by cerebrospinal fluid fluctuations better and detect spontaneous human neural activity with accuracy and sensitivity. Therefore, we intend to explore the characteristics of spontaneous neural activity in KOA patients by utilizing rs-fMRI technology in combination with the changes in clinical-related variables. Our findings might help in revealing the neuropathological mechanism of KOA pain from the perspective of central pain sensitization.
Methods
Being a cross-sectional study, it will include all KOA patients who will be visiting the Joint Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Gansu Provincial Hospital from September 2023 to September 2024 and healthy volunteers with matching gender, age, and education levels as healthy controls. The clinical data, Central Sensitization Scale (CSI), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Western Ontario McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and radiological indicators of the two groups will be collected. After processing rs-fMRI scan results by image data processing, the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) will be calculated for both groups. Based on the variance analysis results, the abnormal brain regions will be superimposed as regions of interest (ROI) for assessing whole-brain functional connectivity (FC). Pearson’s correlation analysis will be employed for analyzing the correlation between the fALFF and FC values of abnormal brain regions as well as the clinical data, rating scales, and radiological indicators of KOA patients.
Discussion
We will use rs-fMRI technology to analyze the abnormal brain function patterns in KOA patients and imaging data to reveal the specific central pain sensitization mechanisms in KOA. Thus, this study aims to provide reliable and comprehensive evidence for clinical practice and determine a reasonable intervention plan for effectively reducing the discomfort and pain of such patients.
Synchronization of Chaotic Memristive System with Sinusoidal Colpitts Oscillator based on Adaptive Feedback Control Method
Authors: Setoudeh Farbod , Chegini Mohammad Hossein
Published: September 2023

The synchronization of chaotic memristive systems with sinusoidal oscillators in order to achieve fully sinusoidal response can be included among the most important ongoing research topics in nonlinear sciences. In this paper, the purpose of controlling the chaotic oscillator based on memristive devices is to achieve sinusoidal response by synchronizing its response with the response of sinusoidal colpitts oscillator. For this purpose, sinusoidal synchronizations between two distinct dynamical systems with different order are investigated. Accordingly, we provided a sufficient condition in order to control the chaos in the memristive oscillator based on memcapacitor and meminductor, in order to achieve fully sinusoidal response with constant amplitude. For this purpose, an adaptive feedback controller is designed to synchronize the states of the master and slave oscillators. Numerical simulations are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
A geometrical viewpoint on the benign overfitting property of the minimum ℓ 2 -norm interpolant estimator and its universality
Authors: Lecué Guillaume , Shang Zong
Published: September 2023

In the linear regression model, the minimum ℓ 2-norm interpolant estimatorˆβestimatorˆ estimatorˆβ has received much attention since it was proved to be consistent even though it fits noisy data perfectly under some condition on the covariance matrix Σ of the input vector, known as benign overfitting. Motivated by this phenomenon, we study the generalization property of this estimator from a geometrical viewpoint. Our main results extend and improve the convergence rates as well as the deviation probability from [44]. Our proof differs from the classical bias/variance analysis and is based on the self-induced regularization property introduced in [3]: ˆ β can be written as a sum of a ridge estimatorˆβestimatorˆ estimatorˆβ 1:k and an overfitting componentˆβcomponentˆ componentˆβ k+1:p which follows a decomposition of the features space R p = V 1:k ⊕ ⊥ V k+1:p into the space V 1:k spanned by the top k eigenvectors of Σ and V k+1:p spanned by the p − k last ones. We also prove a matching lower bound for the expected prediction risk thus obtain the sufficient and necessary conditions for benign overfitting ofˆβofˆ ofˆβ. The two geometrical properties of random Gaussian matrices at the heart of our analysis are the Dvoretsky-Milman theorem and isomorphic and restricted isomorphic properties. In particular, the Dvoretsky dimension appearing naturally in our geometrical viewpoint, coincides with the effective rank from [2, 44] and is the key tool for handling the behavior of the design matrix restricted to the sub-space V k+1:p where overfitting happens.
We extend these results to heavy-tailed scenarii proving the universality of this phenomenon beyond exponential moment assumptions. This phenomenon is unknown before and is widely believed to be a significant challenge. This follows from an anistropic version of the probabilistic Dvoretsky-Milman theorem that holds for heavy-tailed vectors which is of independent interest.
Spatio-temporal characteristics and development trends of ecosystem service value in lake- based tourist destinations under the metacoupling framework - A case study of Chun'an County, Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Jiang Weifeng , Lu lin , Ren yisheng , Cui jing , Xu yan , xu wenbin
Published: September 2023

Context With the rapid development of China's tourism industry, tourism has become a strategic pillar industry of the national economy. Understanding the spatio-temporal characteristics and development trend of ecosystem service value of tourist destinations is a prerequisite for realizing the sustainable development. however, few studies have explored it from the metacoupling perspective, which is of great significance for us to discern and understand the relationship between tourism development and ecological conservation.
Objectives The goal is explore the the regularity of ecosystem service value evolution in lake-based tourist destinations and the path towards sustainable development.
Methods We used the metacoupling framework of tourist destinations and Patch-level Land Use Simulation model (PLUS) to diagnose the spatio-temporal evolution pattern of ecosystem service value in Chun'an County, and explore paths to a sustainable future for tourist destinations.
Results The ecological service value of Chun'an County has decreased from 32.71 billion RMB to 30.15 billion RMB over the past two decades, and intensive human activities have significantly weakened the ecological service value of tourism destination, but the overall ecological environment of Chun'an County has tended to improve.
Conclusions Rational tourism development can notably enhance the relationship between humans and nature, and it is imperative to reinforce ecological management while regulating excessive human activities in the future construction of lake-based tourist destinations.
Multi-criteria calibration and uncertainty analysis of SWAT model: integrating in-situ discharge and remotely sensed ET in the Ilam dam basin, and direct calibration in ungauged basins
Authors: Baninajar Hosna , Sarang Amin , Karbassi Abdolreza
Published: September 2023

Complex hydrological processes can be modeled using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). However, poor quality inputs, lack of observation and high number of input parameters make the modeling challenging and complicate the calibration process. The main aim of this study is to assess the parameters uncertainty and suitability of discharge and remotely sensed ET data to calibrate the SWAT model and explore the possibility of using MODIS satellite imagery for direct calibration in ungauged study areas. Different techniques are adopted to acquire accurate land use map and remotely sensed evapotranspiration derived from Sentinel-2 and MODIS satellite imagery. Sobol’ sensitivity analysis is used to effectively identify the key parameters and provides crucial information on how they influence the model outputs. To address model equifinality and uncertainty, the model of the Ilam Dam Basin in Iran is calibrated and validated using a multi-criteria performance evaluation approach that considers all performance criteria concurrently. The discharge predictions at the Sarjoy station showed good discharge predictions during 12 years of calibration (NSE = 0.6, KGE = 0.79, PBIAS = 3.7 and \({R}^{2}\)= 0.64) and 5 years of validation (NSE = 0.5, KGE = 0.76, PBIAS = -0.3 and \({R}^{2}\) = 0.58). ET predictions at the selected HRU also demonstrated acceptable results for calibration (NSE = 0.37, KGE = 0.69, PBIAS = -0.9 and \({R}^{2}\) = 0.47) and validation periods (NSE = 0.47, KGE = 0.73, PBIAS = 0.4 and \({R}^{2}\) = 0.54). The sensitivity analysis shows that while key parameters in both the discharge and ET models exhibited similarity, their varying levels of influence are notable. Furthermore, the direct calibration of the SWAT model yields acceptable performance criteria (NSE = 0.43, KGE = 0.66, PBIAS = -18 and \({R}^{2}\) = 0.61), making it a valuable approach in data-scarce regions.
Bacteriological Quality of Fresh Cow Milk From Dairy Farms in Parts of Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Umar
Published: September 2023

The study was carried out to determine the bacteriological quality of farm fresh raw cow milk with emphasis on the detection of Staphylococcus species. A total of 592 quarter milk samples, 30 bulk milk samples and 27 swab samples of the hands of milk men were examined from 12 dairy farms in Kaduna and Zaria. The bacteriological quality of the milk samples were determined by both the California Mastitis Test and the Total Viable Staphylococcal Count.The prevalence of subclinical mastitis from positive California Mastitis Test (≥+) was 24.5%. The mean Staphylococcal count was 4.2 log10 cfu/ml. The number of suspected Staphyloccocal isolates that were Gram positive and catalase positive were 103, which were then biochemically screened down clearly to 51, with their identities confirmed using the Microbact Microgen Kit. Among the Staphylococcal species, Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest population of phenotypic identity with 38%. This organism is important from public health point of view as they have been associated with the onset of food poisoning in human beings.
Detection of Enterotoxin Production by Staphylococcus Species in Fresh Raw Milk Samples From Large Mechanized Dairy Farms and Small Holder Dairy Farms in Kaduna and Zaria.
Authors: Abubakar Umar
Published: September 2023

Staphylococcus species are considered the primary and most lethal agents that cause mastitis; they are also an important pathogens of public health concern because of their production of enterotoxins which causes staphylococcal food poisoning. A total of 592 quarter milk samples, 30 bulk milk samples and 27 swab samples of milkers hands were examined from 12 farms (Both mechanized and small holder farms) in Kaduna as well as in Zaria. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis from postive California Mastitis Test (≥+) was 24.5%. The mean Staphylococcal count was 4.2 log10 cfu/ml. One hundred and three (103) Staphyloccocal isolates that were Gram positive and catalase positive were identified biochemically, out of which the identities of 51 was confirmed using the Microbact Microgen Kit, from this number, 25 selected isolates were tested for enterotoxin production using the Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Reverse Passive Latex Agglutination (SET-RPLA) kit. From the number tested, 60% were found to produce one or more Staphylococcal Enterotoxins (SEs). Eight (32%) of the isolates produced SEA, 3 (12%) produced SEB. None of the isolates produced SEC and SED but 1 (4%) produced SE (ABC). PCR analysis to detect the Enterotoxin genes showed that only 5 SEA genes were present out of the 8 SEA producers and 2 of SEB genes were detected in the 3 SEB producers tested. At the end, it was recommended that consumption of raw, unpasteurized cow milk should be avoided by the people in order to prevent the risk of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin food poisoning.
Considered Covariance Approach to Assessing the Impact of Collector Orbital and Data Measurement Biases on Geolocation Performance
Authors: Lerner Gerald M
Published: September 2023

A Gauss-Newton estimator with considered biases is developed and applied to the problem of geolocating a mobile communications signal with a network of receivers. A Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is used to validate the models and implementation, and to examine practical issues —incorporating navigation errors on the collectors into the covariance data, analyzing measurement data and validating system performance. The use of considered covariance dramatically improves containment performance and provides a mechanism to identify, model and estimate the impact of biases on the data. Appendices are provided to address secondary issues such as data combiner performance, algorithm convergence, and data weighting.
Characterization of barley (Horduem vulgare) lys3 mutants identifies genes under the regulation of the prolamin-box binding transcription factor and elucidates its role in endosperm promoter methylation during grain development
Authors: Vinje Marcus , Simmons Carl
Published: September 2023

The barley Lys3 locus controls hordein (Hor1 and Hor2) and b-amylase (Bmy1) gene expression in the developing endosperm and affects several malting quality traits due to these and other gene expression changes. The Lys3 locus was determined to regulate Bmy1, Hor1, and Hor2 genes using a chemically induced mutant from the Danish cultivar Bomi. The causal mutation in lys3.a mutants is a SNP in the barley prolamin-box binding factor gene (BPBF). It is hypothesized that the lys3.a locus inhibits demethylation at the Hor2 promoter causing hypermethylation that subsequently inhibits gene expression. Because of the similar gene expression patterns between Hor2 and Bmy1 in the lys3.a mutants, we hypothesize that hypermethylation was occurring in the Bmy1 promoter. To test this hypothesis and to determine the downstream genes affected by the lys3.a mutation, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and mRNA-seq were performed on developing endosperms from two lys3 mutants (lys3.a from Risø 1508; lys3.b from Risø 18) and their parent Bomi along with the lys3.a locus introgressed into Sloop, an Australian malting cultivar. Overall, global and genic DNA methylation levels were not significantly different between the lys3 mutants and parents. Promoter DNA methylation levels did not explain differences in gene expression between mutants and their parents. RNAseq analysis identified 306 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) shared between all mutants and their parents and 185 DEGs shared between both lys3.a mutants and their parents. The majority of DEGs were downregulated (e.g., B- and C-hordeins and Bmy1), but some DEGs were upregulated (e.g., b-glucosidase, D-hordein) suggesting compensatory effects and potentially explaining the low β-glucan phenotype observed in lys3.a germplasm.
HYALINIZING TRABECULAR NEOPLASM OF THYROID- A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Pathology,Government Medical College and hospital, Patiala, Punjab,India., Goyal Samriti
Published: September 2023

Introduction:Hyalinizingtrabecularneoplasmofthyroidisabenignneoplasmoffollicular originandischaracterizedbytrabecularpatternofgrowthandinterspersedhyalinization.It accountsforlessthan1%ofthyroidneoplasmswithafemalepreponderance.[1]Itisalsoa neoplasmwithalowdiagnosticaccuracy(6%)duetolimitedliteratureonitsdistinguishing featuresandunreliableancillarytests[2].Inthiscasereportwereviewthecytological featuresofHTNandcorrelatethemwiththehistopathologicfindings. CaseReport:This case reportpresents ararecase ofhyalinizing trabecular neoplasm(HTN)ofthyroidina42yearoldfemale.Thepatientcomplainedofswellingon leftsideofneckfor6monthsandultrasoundreportshowedpresenceofisolatedlobule withcysticdegeneration.Fineneedleaspirationoftheswellingcharacterizeditasatypiaof undeterminedsignificance.Histopathologicexaminationofexcisedthyroidlobeconfirmed thediagnosisoffollicularneoplasmfavouringhyalinizingtrabecularneoplasmofthyroid gland. Conclusion:Hyalinizingtrabecularneoplasmofthyroidisabenignneoplasmofthyroid thatposesagreatdiagnosticchallenge.Alongwithitslowincidenceandasymptomatic clinicalpresentation theyaremisdiagnosed in intermediateBethesdacategories.Thiscase reporthighlightsthevariouscytologicalandhistopathologic findingsofHTN.
ULTRASOUND IN THE ETIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF HEMORRHAGES DURING THE 3RD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY AT THE FERTILIA MEDICAL CLINIC IN BAMAKO
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology of Bamako (FMOS), Bamako, Mali., Dembele Mamadou ,   Fertilia Medical Clinic., Kouma Alassane ,   Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology of Bamako (FMOS), Bamako, Mali., NDiaye Mamadou ,   Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology of Bamako (FMOS), Bamako, Mali., Cheick Berete Zoumana ,   Department of Education and Research in Public Health (DERSP), Bamako, Mali., Sanogo Souleymane ,   Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology of Bamako (FMOS), Bamako, Mali., Traore Ousmane ,   Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology of Bamako (FMOS), Bamako, Mali., Cisse Issa ,   Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology of Bamako (FMOS), Bamako, Mali., Doucoure Bandiougou ,   Fertilia Medical Clinic., Yalcouye Youssouf ,   Fertilia Medical Clinic., Diaman Keita Adama ,   Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology of Bamako (FMOS), Bamako, Mali., Sidibe Siaka ,   Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology of Bamako (FMOS), Bamako, Mali.
Published: September 2023

Background: Haemorrhage in the third trimester of pregnancy is a major public health problem because it can jeopardize the vital prognosis of the mother and the fetus. The objective of our study was to study the sonographic etiologies of hemorrhages in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Subjects and Methods: This was a 5-year cross-sectional and prospective study, between JUNE 2017 and MAY 2022, which involved 82 pregnant women who were between 28 and 40 weeks of amenorrhea (SA) and who presented with hemorrhage regardless of its volume. The data collected was obtained on the ultrasound reports and a series of questions asked either of the patient or her companions. Data were entered and analyzed on SPSS version 26.0. Results: In our study, we performed 12,900 obstetrical ultrasounds, of which 82 women had hemorrhage, i.e. a frequency of 0.63%. The average age was 29 years with extremes ranging from 17 to 43 years. 39 patients or 47.5% were between 20 and 30 years old. 42 patients or 51% were multi gestures. 51 patients or 62% were multiparous. The clinical information prompting an ultrasound was abdominal pain + metrorrhagia in 58.5% of cases. 70.7% were between 37 SA and 42 SA. The sonographic etiologies were retroplacental hematoma (HRP) with 56% placenta previa (33%), placenta previa+HRP (2.2%) and uterine rupture (1.8%). Conclusion : Faced with the occurrence of metrorrhagia in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, it is always necessary to think of the most serious etiologies, which are ultimately not so rare and can jeopardize the vital prognosis of the mother and the child. A targeted questioning and a concise clinical examination make it possible to quickly orient towards an etiology. Ultrasound is an invaluable diagnostic and prognostic aid. The speed of emergency care can sometimes save the child, most often the mother.
PREVALENCE, PREDICTORS TRIGGERS AND COPING STRATEGIES OF TENSION HEADACHE AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS AND IN KSAU-HS RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: S. Alshammari Malek , N. Aldosari Mohammed , Alzaid Omar , Alharbi Abdulmajeed , Alzaid Naif , Sharahili Ahmed
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of primary headaches, specifically tension-type headaches (TTH), among medical students at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to identify the factors that contribute to the occurrence and relief of headaches. A cross-sectional study was conducted among second to sixth-year medical students at KSAU-HS from October 2022 to February 2023. Participants with chronic headaches who volunteered to participate were included. The International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition (ICHD-3), was used to classify and differentiate between different types of headaches. Additional questions were included to assess factors that exacerbate or alleviate headaches, headache management strategies, and the impact of headaches on academic performance. Data were collected using electronic self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 21. A total of 303 participants were included in the study, with a mean age of 22 Â± 1.7 years. The majority of participants were male (59.4%), and most were in clinical years (61.1%) with a GPA of 4.5 to 5 (57.1%). Nearly all participants reported experiencing at least one episode of headache in the past year, and 60.7% met the criteria for TTH. The most commonly reported headache characteristics were bilateral location (71.3%), frequent occurrence (53.8%), duration of more than one hour (84.5%), and frontal site (61.7%). Lack of sleep (62.4%) was identified as the most common trigger, while taking simple analgesics like Paracetamol (72.3%) and sleep (50.5%) were the most commonly used therapies to manage headaches. The majority of participants (75.9%) reported that their headaches did not significantly affect their academic performance. A significant association was found between gender and tension-type headaches, with male students being at a higher risk (p-value < 0.001). In conclusion, primary headaches, particularly tension-type headaches, are prevalent among medical students at KSAU-HS, potentially impacting their academic performance. Further research is warranted to raise awareness among students regarding effective headache management strategies.