bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practice-oriented scientific and technical clubs as a new format of additional engineering education
Authors: Барсукова Наталья , Barsukova Natalya , Веселов Игорь , Veselov Igor' , Каплунов Иван , Kaplunov Ivan , Клюшникова Елена , Klyushnikova Elena , Мальцева Анна , Mal'ceva Anna , Монахов Игорь , Monahov Igor' , Пилипчук Надежда , Pilipchuk Nadezhda
Published: September 2019

The monograph defines the place and role of practice-oriented scientific and technical clubs of creative development of students and schoolchildren on the platform of universities in the modern system of engineering education, presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of the activities of these clubs and developed scientific and methodological basis for improving its efficiency.
This monograph is recommended to the heads of Federal Executive authorities in the improvement of state policy in the field of stimulation of scientific and technical creativity of young people and popularization of engineering areas of training, the leadership of universities - in the development of measures for the development of the system PONTC on their platform, managers
PONTC and the initiators of their creation - in the development of activities of clubs.
Analysis of Erosion Resistance of CuC Arcing Contacts Manufactured by Plasma Spraying Technology
Authors: Derevyankin P. , Frolov V. , Gonzalez D. , Gortschakow S. , Methling R. , Uhrlandt D.
Published: September 2019

Results of the erosion resistance study of the CuC electrodes manufactured by plasma spraying technology are presented. The diagnostics has have been performed by means of high-speed camera technique and optical emission spectroscopy which has been synchronised with electrical diagnostics. After the load material analyses, namely determination of mass loss and analysis of micro sections, have been done. It has been found that the erosion rate depends on conditions applied for the formation of coating layer, which was deposited either in air or in argon plasma. Furthermore, the erosion rate is signiﬁcantly lower in the case of air plasma spraying.
Development of a Two-Temperature Mathematical Model of Plasma Processes in a Discharge Chamber of a Multi-chamber Arrester Operating in Conditions of Mountain Areas
Authors: Frolov V. , Ivanov D. , Sivaev A. , Chusov A.
Published: September 2019

This article is devoted to a development of a mathematical model of plasma processes in a discharge chamber of a multi-chamber arrester operating under reduced pressure. The results obtained using this model will make it possible to develop recommendations on modifying the design of multi-chamber arresters for operation in conditions of mountain areas.A composition, thermodynamic and transport properties of plasma for the two-temperature model were calculated on the basis of the data on the materials of the discharge chamber and on the basis of the experiments performed earlier.The paper presents the results of calculations i.e. distributions of discharge voltage and electrical conductivity on time at various pressures. A comparison of obtained results was carried out.
Agricultura familiar, campesina e indígena. Argentina (2004–2017)
Authors: Bock Alexis
Published: September 2019

Montevideo, Confederación de Organizaciones de Productores Familiares del Mercosur y Federación Agraria Argentina, 2019
Analyzing the recency effects on long series audit information and its mitigation methods with group discussions
Authors: Rambing Yolanda Christina , Utami Intiyas , Kristianti Ika
Published: September 2019

This study aims to examine the recency effect that occurs due to the effect of sequences on long series audit information and test the effectiveness of group discussion to improve the decision quality. The recency effect is a tendency to give more weight to the latest information compared to other information received. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for mitigating the recency effect by using group discussion. This study used a 2x2x2 experimental design for a subject with 81 participants from accounting students. The results show that the individual decision quality that experienced the recency effect due to positive-negative and negative-positive sequential information after group discussion became better than before group discussion. The individual decision quality that experienced the recency effect due to positive-negative simultaneous information could not be mitigated by group discussion. Group discussion is an effective method for overcoming the recency effect on sequential information rather than on simultaneous information. Therefore, group discussion can be used as a strategy to reduce recency effects and improve the quality of audience decisions.
Electrochemical modification of platinum and glassy carbon surfaces with pyridine layers and their use as complexing agents for copper (II) ions
Authors: Haziri Veton , Berisha Avni , Podvorica Fetah I.
Published: September 2019

The electrochemical grafting of the “in-situ” prepared diazopyridinium salt have permitted the attachment of pyridine moieties onto platinum and glassy carbon surfaces. The modification of the electrode surfaces is observed by a redox probe. The ability of the film for the complexation of copper (II) ions is demonstrated by square wave voltammetry. After 45 min accumulation of copper (II) ions onto the grafted electrode surfaces, the electrode signal obtained by square wave voltammetry measurement served to discriminate the adsorbed heavy metal ions. Such measurements showed that the grafted pyridine has the ability to display complexing behavior toward some heavy metal ions. DFT calculations support a strong binding of the pyridine moieties onto the Pt surface. The most favorable complexation mode of copper (II) ions as suggested from DFT is the bidentate complex. This strategy is vital in constructing a wide range of different electrochemical sensors.
Antioxidant activity, carotenoids, chlorophylls and mineral composition from leaves of Pallenis spinosa: an Algerian medicinal plant
Authors: Amrani-Allalou Hanane , Boulekbache-Makhlouf Lila , Mapelli-Brahm Paula , Sait Sabrina , Tenore Gian Carlo , Benmeziane Akila , Kadri Nabil , Madani Khodir , Jesús Meléndez Martínez Antonio
Published: September 2019

Background

Plant and medicinal herbs are important sources of bioactive compounds and minerals that can play a role in preventing various diseases and they are considered a factor indispensable for the proper functioning of the human body.

Methods

We investigated the content of carotenoids and chlorophylls of leaves from Pallenis spinosa (P. spinosa), as well as their antioxidant activity and mineral composition then, we optimized the solvent extraction for the recovery of total carotenoids and chlorophylls using spectrophotometric method. Finally, we tested the antioxidant activity of the optimized extract by three assays (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP) and we determined the mineral composition by Emission Spectrometer Induced Couple Plasma (ICP).

Results

Carotenoid (CART), chlorophylls (CHLa + b), chlorophyll a (CHLA), chlorophyll b (CHLB) contents were about 36.337 ± 0.312; 347.769 ± 6.326; 224.286 ± 5.601; 123.483 ± 1.339 mg/100 g dw, respectively. We revealed an interesting antioxidant capacity by the tested extract (DPPH: 127.522 ± 1.406 mmol ET/Kgdw, ABTS: 104.827 ± 1.222 mmol ET/Kgdw and FRAP 71.89 ± 0.495 ± 0.994 mmol ET/Kgdw). Carotenoids and chlorophylls content correlate positively with the antioxidant activity of P. spinosa leaves extract (r=0.646–0.986). Eight minerals have been detected (Mg, Ca, P, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and Cr), Mg and Ca being the predominant ones (6479.32 ± 48.33 and 3851.88 ± 130.63 mg/Kg, respectively).

Conclusions

These results have shown that P. spinosa leaves are a good source of carotenoids and chlorophylls with a potent antioxidant potential with high amount of minerals.
Broad band infrared modulation using spintronic-plasmonic metasurfaces
Authors: Armelles Gaspar , Bergamini Luca , Zabala Nerea , González María Ujué , García Fernando , Alvaro Raquel , Aizpurua Javier , Cebollada Alfonso
Published: September 2019

We present magnetic field induced modulation of the optical response of slit plasmonic metasurfaces fabricated out of giant magnetoresistance/spintronic materials in the 2–17 μm spectral range of the spectrum. The modulation of the slit plasmonic modes is due to the modification of the electrical resistivity (and, in turn, of the optical constants) induced by the application of an external magnetic field. This modulation is found to continuously increase both with the slit concentration and with the slit resonance wavelength, with a prospective further increase for wavelengths of up to 60–80 μm. The direct fabrication and implementation of the modulation setup opens a competitive route for the development of active plasmonic metasurfaces in a wide spectral range.
Comparative study of homotopy perturbation transformation with homotopy perturbation Elzaki transform method for solving nonlinear fractional PDE
Authors: Singh Prince , Sharma Dinkar
Published: September 2019

We apply homotopy perturbation transformation method (combination of homotopy perturbation method and Laplace transformation) and homotopy perturbation Elzaki transformation method on nonlinear fractional partial differential equation (fpde) to obtain a series solution of the equation. In this case, the fractional derivative is described in Caputo sense. To avow the adequacy and authenticity of the technique, we have applied both the techniques to Fractional Fisher’s equation, time-fractional Fornberg-Whitham equation and time fractional Inviscid Burgers’ equation. Finally, we compare the results obtained from homotopy perturbation transformation technique with homotopy perturbation Elzaki transformation.
The Shrines of Gadir (Cadiz, Spain) as References for Navigation. GIS Visibility Analysis
Authors: López-Sánchez Natalia , Niveau-de-Villedary y Mariñas Ana Mª , Gómez-González Juan Ignacio
Published: September 2019

This work analyses the influence of the visibility factor on the configuration of the archaic landscape of the Phoenician city of Gadir (Cadiz, Southern Spain) using the three shrines mentioned by classic sources as a reference. Theoretical or cumulative viewshed analyses are the methods used to investigate the visibility relationships each of the shrines has with the sea and the surrounding territory, as well as with each other. Based on these analyses a series of theoretical interpretations regarding the function of these shrines as references for navigation in Antiquity are established.
Separation of actinides from lanthanides associated with spent nuclear fuel reprocessing in China: current status and future perspectives
Authors: Lan Jian-hui , Jiang Shi-lin , Liu Ya-lan , Yin Xue-miao , Wang Ya-xing , Yin Tai-qi , Wang Shu-ao , Wang Cong-zhi , Shi Wei-qun , Chai Zhi-fang
Published: September 2019

Developing necessary reprocessing techniques to meet the remarkable increase of spent nuclear fuels (SNFs) is crucial for the sustainable development of nuclear energy. This review summarizes recent research progresses related to the SNF reprocessing in China, with an emphasis on actinides separation over lanthanides through three different techniques, hydrometallurgical reprocessing, pyrometallurgical processes, and selective crystallization based separation. Some future perspectives with respect to advanced actinide separation are also given.
The Modified Korteweg-de Vries Hierarchy: Lax Pair Representation and Bi-Hamiltonian Structure
Authors: Choudhuri Amitava , Talukdar Benoy , Das Umapada
Published: September 2019

We consider equations in the modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) hierarchy and make use of the Miura transformation to construct expressions for their Lax pair. We derive a Lagrangian-based approach to study the bi-Hamiltonian structure of the mKdV equations. We also show that the complex modified KdV (cmKdV) equation follows from the action principle to have a Lagrangian representation. This representation not only provides a basis to write the cmKdV equation in the canonical form endowed with an appropriate Poisson structure but also help to construct a semianalytical solution of it. The solution obtained by us may serve as a useful guide for purely numerical routines which are currently being used to solve the cmKdV equation
Formation of the Capillary Ridge on the Free Surface Dynamics of Second-Grade Fluid Over an Inclined Locally Heated Plate
Authors: Patra Kiran Kumar , Panda Satyananda
Published: September 2019

The formation of capillary ridges is the typical features of thin viscous or viscoelastic fluids over a locally heated plate. This ridge leads to the nonuniformity in the thin film coating. In this work, the formation of capillary ridges on the free surface of thin second-grade non-Newtonian fluid flowing over an inclined heated plate is discussed. The flow is modelled by two-dimensional laws of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy with corresponding boundary conditions at the plate and the free surface. An evolution equation for the description of the liquid thin film height is derived from the two-dimensional balance equations using the long-wave approximation. The resulting nonlinear dynamic equation is discretised implicitly on a uniform grid using the finite volume method. The obtained results on the capillary ridge in the free surface are discussed for the different flow parameters. It is noted that the capillary ridge height is higher for the second-grade viscoelastic fluid in comparison to the Newtonian one. This study can be a starting point to investigate the influence of second-grade viscoelastic parameter on the free surface instability and other phenomena of interest.
Gauge Fixing and the Semiclassical Interpretation of Quantum Cosmology
Authors: Chataignier Leonardo
Published: September 2019

We make a critical review of the semiclassical interpretation of quantum cosmology and emphasise that it is not necessary to consider that a concept of time emerges only when the gravitational field is (semi)classical. We show that the usual results of the semiclassical interpretation and its generalisation known as the Born–Oppenheimer approach to quantum cosmology can be obtained by gauge fixing, both at the classical and quantum levels. By “gauge fixing,” we mean a particular choice of the time coordinate, which determines the arbitrary Lagrange multiplier that appears in Hamilton’s equations. In the quantum theory, we adopt a tentative definition of the (Klein–Gordon) inner product, which is positive definite for solutions of the quantum constraint equation found via an iterative procedure that corresponds to a weak coupling expansion in powers of the inverse Planck mass. We conclude that the wave function should be interpreted as a state vector for both gravitational and matter degrees of freedom, the dynamics of which is unitary with respect to the chosen inner product and time variable.
Patterns of stress and strain in complete-arch prostheses supported by four or six implants: A literature review of finite element analyses
Authors: Keshavarz Valian Nasrin , Talebi Ardakani Mohammad Reza , Aziz Ahari Alireza , Baghani Mohammad Taghi , Shidfar Shireen
Published: September 2019

Background. Tilted implants have been recommended as an alternative to the bone graft procedures in implant sites although with possibly higher stress concentrations. This study reviews finite element studies to evaluate patterns of stress and strain in complete-arch prostheses supported by 4‒6 implants. Methods. A literature search was performed using the online databases. Articles published in English from 2003 to 2015 were reviewed. A total of 100 articles were found related to the subject and after evaluating the titles and abstracts, 18 studies were selected. Results. By increasing the number of implants, a reduction was detected in the amount of stress in the bone and implants, while in others, the stress level did not change with the increase in the number of implants. Conclusion. According to finite element analyses, placing a distal implant in an angular position results in better distribution of forces and stresses. Using less cantilever lengths would reduce the stress.
PROTEÇÃO E REEDUCAÇÃO DOS MENORES ABANDONADOS, MARGINADOS E DELINQUENTES, PORTUGAL - 1871 /1962
Authors: Martins Ernesto Candeias
Published: September 2019

Esta investigação histórica e documental enquadra-se no âmbito da História d Educação em Portugal. Trata-se de uma temática pouco usual, mas serve para uma melhor compreensão da criança ( e/ou do menor, este é um termo jurídico-social) nas sua problemáticas educativas, sociais, assistenciais e de reeducação no período entre 1871 - altura da primeira fundação da primeira Casa de Correção e Detenção de Lisboa ocupando-se a partir desse momento o Estado destas. Problemáticas infantis e juvenis da marginalidade, abandono, desamparo e delinquência até 1962. Neste estudo admitimos a existência especial de uma pedagogia social portuguesa que integra contributos das várias ciências da época: jurídico-penais (direito de menores e legislação afim), ciências médicopedagógicas, sociológicas, psicopedagógicas, filosofia do direito, etc. Todas estas influências permitiram a reflexão sobre aquelas situações da criança o que originou a criação de vários estabelecimentos especiais de correção e de reeducação, ao nivel estatal e ao nível particular. Houve a aplicação de métodos (médicopedagógicos, psicopedagógicos e sociológicos) inovadores no diagnóstico e na orientação dessas crianças. Demos, assim, um contributo valioso para a elaboração de uma História da Assistência à Infância Inadaptada em Portugal.
Will esports result in a higher prevalence of problematic gaming? A review of the global situation
Authors: Chung Thomas , Sum Simmy , Chan Monique , Lai Ely , Cheng Nanley
Published: September 2019

Background and aims

Video gaming is highly prevalent in modern culture, particularly among young people, and a healthy hobby for the majority of users. However, in recent years, there has been increasing global recognition that excessive video gaming may lead to marked functional impairment and psychological distress for a significant minority of players. Esports is a variant of video gaming. It is a relatively new phenomenon but has attracted a considerable number of followers across the world and is a multimillion dollar industry. The aim of this briefing paper is to review the global situation on esports and related public health implications.

Methods

A non-systematic review was conducted. Information obtained from the Internet and PubMed was collated and presented as genres of games, varieties and magnitudes of impacts, popularity, fiscal impact in monetary terms, government involvement, and public health implications.

Results

There are several different kinds of esports but there was no clear categorization on the genre of games. Many tournaments have been organized by gaming companies across the world with huge prize pools, and some of these events have government support. Little information on the health effects associated with esports was identified.

Discussion and conclusions

A majority of the sources of information were from commercial settings, and failed to declare conflicts of interest, which may result in a biased picture of the current situation. When gaming activity is being further promoted under the umbrella of esports, it seems reasonable to expect an increase in problematic gaming and thus increased prevalence of gaming disorder and hazardous gaming. With increasing demand for treatment services for gaming addition/disorder in different countries across the world, it is a significant public health concern. More empirically based research on this topic is needed.
How learning misconceptions can improve outcomes and youth engagement with gambling education programs
Authors: Keen Brittany , Anjoul Fadi , Blaszczynski Alex
Published: September 2019

Background and aims

Gambling education programs typically focus on promoting gambling as a high-risk activity with harmful effects; however, these programs demonstrate limited effects on the prevention of gambling problems. This paper proposes a clear theoretical framework to inform the content and delivery of gambling education initiatives and draws on psychological and pedagogical research to address some of the practical issues associated with its implementation.

Methods

Literature was reviewed across fields of psychology, public health, and pedagogy to provide key recommendations to improve the outcomes of gambling education.

Results

Four key recommendations were made for the development of future gambling education programs centering on theoretical approach, specialized content, and delivery.

Discussion and conclusions

Recommended advancements are as follows: (a) evidence suggests shifting away from messages about gambling harms and instead applying a cognitive-developmental framework of problem gambling that may improve youth engagement by increasing personal relevance. (b) The cognitive model of problem gambling suggests that misconceptions about the profitability of gambling games (e.g., the gambler’s fallacy) play an important role in the development of problems and should be a key target for education. However, exposing such misconceptions requires the challenge of teaching the mathematical principles that underpin them. (c) The pedagogical field provides valuable insights into teaching complex concepts. Research that applies the conceptual change model to science education suggests misconceptions also facilitate learning new complex information, such as gambling-related mathematical concepts (i.e., randomness and statistics). (d) In addition, improvements in computer-assisted teaching methods provide opportunities to use simulations and visualizations to help teach abstract concepts and correct such misconceptions.
Marine biodiversity in Ha Long bay and Cat Ba archipelago
Authors: Thung Do Cong , Ngai Nguyen Dang , Thao Dau Van , Sinh Nguyen Van , Dong Dao Minh
Published: September 2019

Ha Long bay - Cat Ba island located in the Northeast of Vietnam, in the area of Ha Long city (Quang Ninh province) and Cat Hai island district (Hai Phong city) is the largest limestone island in Vietnam. Features of biodiversity include the seven typical ecosystems of tropical limestone islands, namely tropical rainforest ecosystem, cave ecosystem, mangrove ecosystem, tidal ecosystem, coral reef ecosystem, soft-bottom ecosystem. Ha Long - Cat Ba also represents a high level of species diversity with 4,622 species of plants and animals on land and in the sea. In particular, on land there are 2,464 species, accounting for 53.3% and under the sea there are 2158 species, accounting for 46.7%. Up to 16 species and 114 species have been recorded in the Vietnam Red List and in the IUCN List, respectively. Together with hundreds of rare and precious species at national and regional levels, there are species of global conservation value, demonstrating that Ha Long bay - Cat Ba archipelago can possibly be a world heritage site according to the criteria of biodiversity (ix and x criteria).
CFD results on hydrodynamic performances of a marine propeller
Authors: Loi Luong Ngoc , Cong Nguyen Chi , He Ngo Van
Published: September 2019

In this work, the commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), ANSYS-Fluent V.14.5 has been used to illustrate the effects of rudder and blade pitch on hydrodynamic performances of a propeller. At first, the characteristic curves of a container ship propeller are computed. Then, effects of rudder on hydrodynamic performances of the propeller in the both cases of the propeller with and without rudder have been investigated. The relationships between the blade pitch angle and the hydrodynamic performances of the selected referent propeller in this work having designed conditions as diameter of 3.65 m; speed of 200 rpm; average pitch of 2.459 m and the boss ratio of 0.1730. Using CFD, the characteristic curves of the marine propeller, pressure distribution, velocity distribution around propeller and the efficiency of the propeller have been shown. From the obtained results, the effects of rudder and blade pitch angle on hydrodynamic performances of the propeller have been evaluated.
Assessing coral reef resilience for sustainable resource management (case study in Hon La island, Quang Binh province, Vietnam)
Authors: Linh Nguyen Thuy , Tue Nguyen Tai , Nhuan Mai Trong
Published: September 2019

Coral reefs play a crucial role in providing ecosystem services for the coastal communities. However, the resilience of coral reefs is quickly degraded due to both global and local stressors, including climate change and marine pollution. Hon La island in Quang Binh province, Vietnam is one of the most important coral reef ecosystems. However, this area was heavily influenced by human activities and marine pollution. Therefore, the present study is implemented in order to evaluate the resilience of coral reefs in Hon La island for proposing sustainable development solutions. The proposed indicator framework consisted of three dimensions (coral diversity, biodiversity and environment), containing 26 indicators that potentially provided the quantified methods for decision makers to inform a range of management strategies in protecting coral reefs and using natural resources effectively. Results showed that coral reefs in Hon La island had a low resilient index, about 0.369 because of a degradation of diversity, seawater contaminated by oils and the high turbidity. Several solutions were proposed to enhance the resilience of coral reefs, including the establishment of marine protected areas; integrated management of the coastal zone; rehabilitation of coral reefs and application of co-management models. The theoretical framework from the present study could be potentially applied to evaluate the coral reef resilience in other marine areas in Vietnam with appropriate modification.
Impact of sea level rise on current and wave in Van Uc coastal area
Authors: Hai Nguyen Minh , Vinh Vu Duy , Lan Tran Dinh
Published: September 2019

This paper presents the results of analysis, comparison of some characteristics of current, wave at Van Uc estuary area when being affected by sea level rise due to climate change based on Delft3D model. Scenario groups are established: The current scenario and the scenarios simulating effect of sea level rise 0.5 m and 1.0 m. The results of calculation and simulation show that the velocity values change locally when sea level rises: Rise in the northern and southern areas (0.2–5 cm/s); decrease in the navigation channel (0.6–30 cm/s). Sea level rise causes the increase of wave height in the coastal area (13.5–43.8% in the dry season and 20–40% in the rainy season) and fewer changes in the outer area.
Mechanical behaviour of the new pinned connection under out-of-plane horizontal load
Authors: Zhang Yao , Kang Hongzhen
Published: September 2019

The behaviour of the pinned connection under horizontal force in the out-of-plane direction is often neglected in engineering, causing failure of the lugs under such load. Adding annular laminated rubber pads in the pinned connection changes the uncertainty under the out-of-plane force. Numerical and experimental investigations are performed to research the mechanical behaviour of the connection. A finite-element model for the new pinned connection considering the contact interfaces and existence of rubber pads is established to understand yield mechanism, transmission pattern of load and the main factors affecting ultimate bearing capacity. Experiments are carried out to verify the accuracy of the finite-element model. The results show that the numerical study helps to detect the mechanical behaviour of the new connection under out-of-plane load with sufficient accuracy. The new connection has sufficient bearing capacity and stable deformation ability under horizontal load in the out-of-plane direction; meanwhile, friction and the stiffness of rubber pad were important factors affecting ultimate bearing capacity.
Zeytin pamuklubiti (Euphyllura spp., Hemiptera: Psyllidae) türlerinin İzmir ve Aydın illerinde yayılışı ve bulaşıklık oranları
Authors: Kaptan Serkan , Akşit Tülin , Spodek Malkie
Published: September 2019

Türkiye’deki en önemli
zeytin yetiştirilen iller olan İzmir ve Aydın’da bulunan Zeytin pamuklubiti
türleri (Euphyllura spp., Hemiptera: Psyllidae)’nin
yayılış ve bulaşıklık oranları 2015-2016 yıllarında belirlenmiştir. İzmir’de Euphyllura phillyreae Foerster, Aydın’da ise iki tür E. phillyreae ve E. straminea
Loginova saptanmıştır. E. phillyreae
baskın tür olarak belirlenmiştir. İki ildeki zeytin bahçelerinde 2015 ve 2016
yıllarında bulaşıklık oranları, sırasıyla İzmir’de %98.5-%100; Aydın’da
%100-%94.5 olmuştur. Ayrıca, zeytin bahçelerindeki ağaçların bulaşıklık
oranları ise sırasıyla İzmir’de %89.4-%83.4;
Aydın’da %93.5-%75.4 olarak saptanmıştır.
Rainfall and river flow trends for the Western Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Lakhraj-Govender Rakhee , Grab Stefan W.
Published: September 2019

Climate change has the potential to alter the spatio-temporal distribution of rainfall, subsequently affecting the supply and demand of water resources. In a water-stressed country such as South Africa, this effect has significant consequences. To this end, we investigated annual and winter rainfall and river flow trends for the Western Cape Province over two periods: 1987–2017 and 1960–2017. Annual rainfall for the most recent 30-year period shows decreasing trends, with the largest magnitude of decrease at the SA Astronomical Observatory rainfall station (-54.38 mm/decade). With the exception of the significant decreasing winter rainfall trend at Langewens (-34.88 mm/decade), the trends vary between stations for the period 1960–2017. For the period 1987–2017, statistically significant decreasing winter trends were found at four of the seven stations, and range from -6.8 mm/decade at Cape Columbine to -34.88 mm/decade at Langewens. Similarly, the magnitudes of decreasing winter river flow at Bree@Ceres and Berg@Franschoek are greater for the more recent 30-year period than for 1960–2017. Correlation coefficients for Vilij@Voeliv rainfall and four river flow stations Berg@Franschoek, Bree@Ceres, Wit River@Drosterkloof and Little Berg@Nieuwkloof) are stronger for shorter periods (i.e. 1987–2017 and 2007–2017) than that for the longer  period, 1960–2017. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emphasises the importance of studies to assist with model prediction uncertainties. To this end, our study expands the understanding of regional hydrological responses to rainfall change in the water stressed region of the Western Cape Province.

Significance:

Historical trend analyses provide the basis for future rainfall and river flow projections and also improve our understanding of hydrological responses to rainfall change, which is important for water resource planning and management in light of recent rainfall shortages experienced in the Western Cape region.

Anthropogenic and natural influences on river systems must be taken into account when assessing the impact of rainfall changes on river flow because these factors ultimately affect water resource management.

We identified decreasing winter rainfall trends across the Western Cape Province for the most recent three decades.
Aproximación al turismo residencial en la provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador . Approximations to Residential Tourism in the province of Santa Elena, Ecuador
Authors: León León Vanessa
Published: September 2019

Among the natural resources in the province of Santa Elena, tourism of “Sun and Sand”, constitute an attraction for real-estate growth of v illas, apartments and summer houses that has not stopped since 40 years ago when Salinas first began to grow, growth which today has been extended to the northern region of Santa Elena, but that exceeds to great lengths the tourist offering for commercial lodging. This study attempts an approximation to the definition of residential tourism and the types of residential tourists that exist in the province of Santa Elena, the house-renting activity for vacation season contributes with an indicator of sustainability such as the rate of residence in the province.
El valor de los activos financieros de acuerdo a las expectativas. The value of financial assests given our expectations
Authors: Villamar Rodríguez Fernando
Published: September 2019

This work hopes to offer a guide to investment given our rational or fundamentalist expectations about financial assets, in order to ensure that the economic agents can invigorate their productive activities and/or services, taking into account that our investments are subject to risk of a systematic and non-systematic nature. Risks that can be reduced trough an appropriate diversification, information and varied portfolio. Al this in a context of two correlated fields: on the one side, the valuation method, static and dynamic, used by the businesses; on the other hand, the investment that investors expect, subject to a high return, reasonably expected.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Bilişüstü Farkındalık Düzeyleri İle Akademik Motivasyonları (Güdülenmeleri) Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KIRBAÇ Metin , KAYA Fatih
Published: September 2019

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı ortaokul öğrencilerinin
bilişüstü farkındalık düzeyleri ile akademik motivasyonları (güdülenmeleri)
arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırmada nicel yöntemli ilişkisel
(korelasyonel) ve nedensel karşılaştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın
çalışma evrenini; Malatya ili Yeşilyurt ve Battalgazi Merkez ilçelerinde
bulunan ortaokullarda 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında öğrenim görmekte olan
toplam 32516 öğrenci oluştururken, örneklemini ise uygun örneklem yöntemi ile
belirlenen 400 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada kullanılan ölçme aracının
birinci bölümü katılımcıların demografik bilgilerinden oluşmaktadır. İkinci
bölümde ise Sperling, Howard, Miller ve Murphy (2002) tarafından geliştirilen,
iki boyutlu olan (bilişüstü bilgi ve bilişüstü düzenleme) “Küçükler için
üstbilişsel farkındalık ölçeği B formu”nu (Junior metacognitive awareness
inventory version B) Türkçe’ye çevirip gerekli güvenirlik ve geçerlik
çalışmalarını yapan Aydın ve Ubuz (2010)’un Bilişüstü Yetiler Envanteri
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın üçüncü bölümünde ise ortaokul öğrencilerinin
akademik motivasyon düzeylerini belirleyebilmek amacıyla Bozanoğlu (2004)
tarafından geliştirilen “Akademik Güdülenme Ölçeği”  kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda
ulaşılan bulgulardan bazıları: Öğrencilerin bilişüstü farkındalık düzeyleri ile
akademik başarıları arasında; pozitif yönde, düşük düzeyde ve anlamlı bir
ilişki olduğu, akademik motivasyon düzeyleri ile sosyal medyada günlük
geçirilen zaman arasında; negatif yönde, düşük düzeyde ve anlamlı bir ilişki
olduğu ve akademik motivasyon düzeyleri ile bilişüstü farkındalık düzeyleri
arasında ise pozitif yönde, yüksek düzeyde ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu
şeklinde ifade edilmiştir.
Kan grupları ile anogenital siğil gelişimi arasındaki ilişki
Authors: OZTURK Murat , AN İsa
Published: September 2019

Amaç: ABO kan grubunun keşfedilmesinden bu yana, kan gruplarının bulaşıcı hastalıklarda potansiyel rolü araştırılmıştır. Bazı viral enfeksiyonlar, viral temasa rağmen, ABO kan grupları nedeniyle ortaya çıkmaz veya semptomatik değildir. HPV ile temas eden tüm hastaların klinik hastalık geliştirmediği bilinmektedir. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla ABO-Rh grupları ile anogenital siğil arasındaki ilişki daha önce araştırılmamıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya anogenital siğilli 96 hasta ve kan grubu kayıtları olan 286 cinsel açıdan aktif hasta dahil edildi. Hasta ve kontrol grubunun yaş, cinsiyet ve kan grupları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi.Bulgular: ABO kan grupları açısından 41 (% 42.7) hastada A, 21 (%21.9) hastada B, 11 (% 11.5) hastada AB, 23 (%23.9) hastada 0 kan grubu vardı . Kontrol grubunda 126 kişi (% 44.1) A, 46 kişi (%16.1) B, 30 kişi (10.5) AB, 84 kişi (29.3) 0 kan grubuna sahipti. Gruplar arasındaki fark anlamlı değildi. Rh grupları açısından 85 (%88.5) hasta Rh (+) ve 11 (%11.5) hasta Rh (-) idi. Kontrol grubunda ise 240 (%83.9) birey Rh (+) ve 46 (%16.1) Rh (-) idi. Gruplar arasındaki fark anlamlı değildi.Sonuç: ABO-Rh grupları ile anogenital siğil gelişimi arasında ilişki yoktu. Bazı kan gruplarında anogenital siğil gelişiminin kolay olup olmadığını netleştirmek için, farklı ırklarda ve coğrafi bölgelerde yapılacak daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
Kaygı bozukluğu olan ergenlerde siber zorbalık ve siber mağduriyet: kontrollü bir çalışma
Authors: ÇETİN Fatih Hilmi , UÇAR Halit Necmi , ERSOY Sevde Afife , KILINÇ Kübra , GÜLER Hasan Ali , TÜRKOĞLU Serhat
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışma kaygı bozukluğu (KB) olan ergenlerle sağlıklı ergenleri, siber zorbalık, siber zorbalığa duyarlılık ve siber mağduriyet durumları açısından karşılaştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel bir desene sahip bu çalışma Selçuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesinde gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmanın örneklemi 28 KB tanısı olan ergen ile herhangi bir psikopatoloji saptanmayan 39 sağlıklı kontrolden oluşturuldu. Tüm katılımcılara Sosyodemografik veri formu, Siber Zorbalık Ölçeği (SBÖ), Siber Zorbalığa İlişkin Duyarlılık Ölçeği (SZDÖ), Siber Mağduriyet Ölçeği (SMÖ) ve Çocuklarda Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği-Yenilenmiş (ÇADÖ-Y) uygulandı. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda KB grubunun kaygı ve depresyon puanlarının kontrol grubundan anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu görüldü. Siber durumlar açısından iki grup karşılaştırıldığında ise siber mağduriyet puanlarının KB grubunda anlamlı olarak yüksek olduğu saptandı. Tüm grupta kaygı ve depresyon puanları ile siber mağduriyet puanları arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki belirlendi. Sonuç: KB olan ergenlerin daha fazla siber mağduriyet yaşadığı, kaygı ve depresyon belirtileri arttıkça siber mağduriyet şiddetinin de arttığı görülmüştür. Ergenlik döneminde sıkça görülen kaygı bozuklukların takibinde tanı ve tedaviyi şekillendirmemize olumlu katkı sağlayabilecek siber mağduriyet durumunu değerlendirmenin bütüncül bir yaklaşım olarak gerekli olabileceği düşünüldü.
VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPIC AND THERMAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE CYANO-BRIDGED POLYMERIC COMPLEXES WITH 3-AMINOMETHYLPYRIDINE
Authors: KARAAĞAÇ Dursun
Published: September 2019

New cyano-bridged polymeric complexes formulated as [Co(H2O)(ampy)Ni(CN)4]∙H2O and [Ni(ampy)2Ni(CN)4]∙H2O (ampy = 3-aminomethylpyridine: abbreviated henceforth as Co-Ni-ampy and Ni-Ni-ampy) have been obtained in powder form and characterized by vibrational (infrared and Raman) spectroscopy, thermal and elemental analyses. In previous study, structure of complex [Cd(NH3)(ampy)Ni(CN)4]n (Cd-Ni-ampy) was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. In this complex, the coordination environment of the Cd(II) ions are distorted octahedral geometry, whereas around the Ni(II) center is pyramidal. The spectral features suggest that Cd-Ni-ampy with Co-Ni-ampy are similar to each other and the ampy ligand is coordinated to metal ions as bidentate ligand. In addition, complex Ni-Ni-ampy is similar in structure to the Hofmann type complexes and its structure consists of polymeric layers of │Ni–Ni(CN)4│∞ with the ampy ligand bounded to the nickel(II) atom. Thermal stabilities and decomposition products of the complexes were investigated using TG, DTG and DTA curves in the temperature range of 30 – 700 °C in the static air atmosphere.
ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF A DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR: APPROACHING A SUSTAINABLE REFRIGERATOR
Authors: SHİKALGAR Niyaj
Published: September 2019

In the perspective of reducing the household energy consumption, current research in conventional refrigeration is
concentrating on introducing innovative designs and enhances the energy efficiency of the refrigeration system. This research work
compares the performance of the domestic
refrigerator by employing hot-wall air cooled and box type shell and tube
water-cooled condenser. The energy and exergy analysis methods help to localize exergy losses in the refrigerator. The investigation is carried out according to ISO
15502:2005. Experimental studies were conducted in the same
refrigerator unit operating with a different condenser to determine the coefficient
of performance, exergy efficiency, and exergy loss in all components of the domestic refrigerator. The experimental result shows that COP is increased by 18-20% and the
exergy efficiency of the refrigerator with water
cooled condenser unit is found to be higher by 6.89-9.13% than the one
with a hot-wall air cooled condenser. The
per day energy consumption of a refrigerator with a water-cooled condenser reduces by 17% in comparison with
conventional refrigerator. The irreversibility of the refrigerator with the water-cooled
condenser is reduced by 34 % than that of
the conventional system under similar operating conditions.  The
total equivalent warming impact of refrigerator working with the water-cooled condenser is 16% lower than that
the refrigerator with air cooled condenser. The utilization of water-cooled
condenser in household refrigerators enhances
energy efficiency.
A comparative study to assess the efficacy and safety of bepotastine and cetirizine in allergic rhinitis
Authors: Priyanka A. T. , Mamatha K. R. , Puttamadaiah G. M.
Published: September 2019

Background: Pharmacotherapy is the mainstay of allergic rhinitis and many caregivers use over-the-counter antihistamines. Bepotastine is a novel oral second generation non-sedative antihistamine and an effective treatment option for allergic rhinitis. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bepotastine versus cetirizine an over the counter drug.Methods: A prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study was conducted among 60 patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group A (n=30) received tablet cetirizine 10 mg once daily and Group B (n=30) received tablet bepotastine 10 mg once daily. Efficacy was assessed by mean change in total symptom score (TSS) which is the sum of total nasal symptom score and total ocular symptom score at the end of two weeks from baseline.Results: At the end of two weeks of treatment, both groups showed statistically significant (p<0.005) improvements from their baseline TSS. Mean TSS was reduced from12.36±2.12 to 4.2±1.66 in group A and from 13.33±3.039 to 3.033±1.40 in Group B. Significant statistical difference in TSS was seen more in Group B than Group A (p<0.005).Conclusions: Both the groups showed a substantial therapeutic benefit in patients with allergic rhinitis, however bepotastine is more effective.
A comparative study of interactive and conventional teaching methods in pharmacology for better clinical application
Authors: Vemuri Veena Rani , Sukumaran Sangita
Published: September 2019

Background: Pharmacology forms the basis of practice of medicine yet most students perceive it as a difficult subject. It is necessary that a student gains knowledge and retains the gained knowledge for better application in the future. But the method employed now is more passive with less emphasis on clinical application.Methods: The study population was the second year MBBS students of Terna Medical College, Navi Mumbai. The students were randomly divided into two groups; a didactic and an interactive lecture session were conducted on two days. A pre validated questionnaire, pre-test and post-test were employed in the study. The data of pre and post-test were analysed using paired t-test and descriptive analysis for the questionnaire.Results: The difference in short term learning outcomes between both the didactic and interactive lecture sessions was not statistically significant (p=0.53). The students showed a positive reaction to interactive sessions. 70 (95.89%) agreed that interactive sessions has increased their understanding of the topic better. 70 (95.89%) students responded that interactive teaching has increased their ability to apply knowledge therapeutically.Conclusions: In the present study it was observed that though there was not much statistically significant improvement in the immediate understanding, the perception of students towards interactive teaching methods is good.
Endometrial pathology in abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Rajagopal Indu , Thomas Beena Mary , Rao Vidyadhar N.K. Rama
Published: September 2019

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common presenting symptom in gynecological outpatient department. Endometrial sampling could be used as the first diagnostic step in AUB. Aim of our study was to evaluate the endometrial causes of AUB and to observe the incidence of various pathology in different age groups.Methods: A study was conducted on 167 patients who presented with AUB, during the period from July 2015- January 2017.All endometrial curettage and hysterectomy specimens received in the Department of Pathology, Kannur Medical College during  this  period  were included.Results: Maximum numbers of patients were in the perimenopausal age group and normal cycling endometrium was the commonest pattern observed (41.3%).Abnormal patterns noted were hyperplasia without atypia (20.9%), disordered proliferative pattern (16.1%) and endometrial carcinoma (1.7%).Conclusion: Histopathological examination of endometrium showed wide spectrum of lesions from normal endometrium to malignancy. Accurate analysis of endometrial sampling is important in the management of AUB.
A clinico-radiological study of mild traumatic brain injury using the national emergency x-radiation utilization study decision instrument
Authors: Shingada Krupa V. , Litake Manjusha M. , Tilak Kedar M.
Published: September 2019

Background: While traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the Indian subcontinent, little is known regarding its basic characteristics. While CT scanning plays an important role in primary assessment of TBI, it is not always indicated in cases of mild TBI. Thus, the present study was carried out to describe the characteristics of cases of mild TBI presenting to a tertiary care hospital in India and determine the need for CT scanning in them using the National Emergency X-radiation Utilization Study (NEXUS) decision instrument.Methods: In this prospective study, a detailed history was obtained, and clinical examination performed for each patient, followed by calculation of the NEXUS score. CT scan findings were recorded. Outcome measures were safe discharge, need for neurosurgical intervention or death.Results: Out of the 425 patients, 87.05% were males. Road Traffic Accident (RTA) was the most common mode of injury. 206 patients had significant intracranial injuries, with skull fractures and hemorrhagic contusions being the most common.138 out of these 206 had a positive NEXUS score. ENT bleed and history of loss of consciousness were also found to be important predictors of significant intracranial injuries. 83 patients were discharged safely from the emergency department, 14 required neurosurgical intervention and 2 died during the course of their stay in the hospital. Conclusions: NEXUS decision instrument can be a useful tool to determine the need for CT scanning in patients of mild TBI.