bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal compound renewable energy droughts in the Unites States
Authors: Bracken Cameron , Voisin Nathalie , Son Youngjun , Feng Sha , Anderson Osten , Chen Xiaodong , He Li , Oikonomou Konstantinos
Published: January 2025

Variable renewable energy (VRE) droughts are periods of low renewable electricity production due to natural variability in the weather and climate. These compound renewable energy droughts occur when two or more (typically wind and solar) generation sources are in low availability conditions at the same time. Compound wind and solar droughts are most commonly studied at the hourly and daily timescale due to the short-term nature of energy markets and battery storage capacity. However the seasonal time scale allows for the examination of broader climate and hydrologic patterns that influence a broader renewable energy portfolio and inform the needs for long-duration energy storage. In this study, we use a newly developed dataset of coincident renewable generation to characterize seasonal compound VRE droughts which include wind, solar and hydropower at grid-relevant spatial scales across the contiguous United States. Along with the frequency, duration, magnitude, and spatial scale, we specifically examine these climate patterns with a composite climate analysis. Results for the historical period (1982-2019) indicate that seasonal compound VRE droughts can last up to 5 months and occur most frequently in the Fall. While not an established ``climate stress'' to consider in reliability studies yet, we demonstrate the impact of seasonal energy droughts on a resource adequacy study over the Western US interconnection using a nodal bulk power grid model. We further discuss how seasonal compound VREs can inform the sizing of long-duration energy storage and market incentives to manage short-term extreme events like heat waves and cold snaps while considering seasonal conditions.
Probabilities and the Risky-Choice Framing Effect: Evidence for an Inverted-U Pattern
Authors: DeKay Michael L , Garge Prachiti
Published: January 2025

In the risky-choice framing effect, most people prefer a certain option over a risky one when the options are framed as gains, but this preference is typically reversed when the options are framed as losses. Past research has largely neglected how the size of this effect varies as a function of the probabilities in the risky option. DeKay et al. (2022) recently reported an inverted-U pattern in which the effect is smaller for extreme probabilities (e.g., .01, .99) than for moderate probabilities. This pattern is predicted by some theories but not others. We report a replication of the inverted-U pattern and other results involving varieties of risk comparisons (certain vs. risky, somewhat risky vs. risky, and certain vs. somewhat risky) in a preregistered online experiment (N = 807). Results indicate that the framing effect is significantly smaller but still sizeable at extreme probabilities. An internal meta-analysis (N = 2,518) confirms the reliability of the inverted-U pattern and its moderation by risk comparison. We also assess how well 5 theories (prospect theory, transfer-of-attention-exchange theory, fuzzy-trace theory, fuzzy-trace theory with rounding of extreme probabilities to 0 or 1, and the priority heuristic) account for 7 features of the data. None of these theories accounts for all of the results, though transfer-of-attention-exchange theory edges out prospect theory, which edges out the others. These results highlight the value of assessing an effect’s generalizability over variations in experimental materials.
Limits to ChatGPT’s Pragmatics in the domains of Commonsense and Culture.
Authors: Wagner Wolfgang , Paraschou Eva , Gaskell George , Lyu Siqi , Michalis Maria , Vakali Athena
Published: January 2025

Does ChatGPT deliver its explicit claim to be culturally sensitive and its implicit claimto be a friendly digital person? These claims are investigated from the perspective oflinguistic pragmatics, particularly Grice's cooperative principle in communication.Following the pattern of real-life communication, turn-taking conversations reveallimitations in the LLM's grasp of the entire contextual setting described in the prompt.The prompts included ethical issues, a hiking adventure, geographical orientation andbodily movement. For cultural sensitivity the prompts came from a Pakistani Muslim inEnglish language, from a Hindu in English, and from a Chinese in Chinese language.The issues were deeply cultural issues involving feelings and affects. Qualitativeanalysis of the conversation pragmatics showed that ChatGPT is often unable toconduct conversations according to the pragmatic principles of quantity, reliablequality, remaining in focus, and being clear in expression. We conclude that ChatGPTshould not be presented as a global LLM but be subdivided into several culture-specificmodules.
Imperatives for Effective Monitoring and Evaluation System of Community Based Rural Development Projects (A Case of Interim Impact Study)
Authors: Kasi Anwar Saleem , Khan Abdul Rahit
Published: January 2025

Available with Full text.
Digital Payments in India: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Yadav Rakesh
Published: January 2025

Technology has been rapidly transforming the world around us for several decades. However, despite significant digitization and innovation in the fintech sector, there has recently been a lack of readiness for adaptation and change. Earlier, innovations in financial systems meant minor updates to point-of-sale systems, and the expected action for small businesses was straightforward: upgrade the hardware and move forward. Today, it seems like new currencies are emerging constantly. The pandemic forced lagging merchants to adopt contactless payments and pushed e-commerce businesses to expand their payment methods to connect with new customers in a highly competitive market. It appears that the burden on merchants has shifted from merely considering upgrades to gaining a comprehensive understanding of financial technology and closely monitoring changes in consumer transaction behavior.
Abstract in Hindi Language: प्रौद्योगिकी पिछले कई दशकों से हमारे आसपास की दुनिया को तेजी से बदल रही है। लेकिन फिनटेक क्षेत्र में बहुत सारे डिजिटलीकरण और नवाचार के बावजूद, हाल ही में अनुकूलन और परिवर्तन की उतनी तत्परता नहीं दिखी है। इससे पहले, वित्तीय प्रणालियों में नवाचारों का मतलब था कि बिक्री केन्द्र प्रणालियों में थोड़ा बदलाव करना और छोटे व्यवसायों से अपेक्षित कार्रवाई सरल थी: हार्डवेयर को उन्नत करना और आगे बढ़ना। आज, ऐसा लगता है कि हर समय नई मुद्राएँ सामने आ रही हैं। महामारी ने किसी भी पिछड़े हुए व्यापारी को संपर्क रहित भुगतान के साथ जुड़ने के लिए मजबूर किया और ई-कॉमर्स व्यवसायों को तेजी से प्रतिस्पर्धी बाजार में नए ग्राहकों से जुड़ने के लिए अपने भुगतान के तरीकों का विस्तार करना पड़ा है। ऐसा प्रतीत होता है कि व्यापारियों पर बोझ अब केवल उन्नयन पर विचार करने से बदलकर वित्तीय प्रौद्योगिकी के बारे में पूरी जानकारी रखने तथा उपभोक्ता लेन-देन व्यवहार में परिवर्तनों पर बारीकी से नजर रखने तक पहुंच गया है।
Keywords: भारत, प्रौद्योगिकी, ई-कॉमर्स, डिजिटलीकरण और नवाचार।
Contemporary Manifestations of Islamic Arts in the UAE, Meaning and Representation
Authors: Mohamed El Amrousi
Published: January 2025

The Emirates Palace hotel in Abu Dhabi triggered much debate due to its revival of clearly referenced forms to the Mughal Dynasty in Islamic India, thereby by passing local building traditions. The over whelming display of diverse arts and crafts of Islam compressed in time and space, stand in contrast to Qasr al-Sarab with its clear reference to local heritage such as Al-Jahili Fort in Al-Ain. In both cases they represent a form reconstructed heritage with clear lineages Arab/Islamic architecture without attempts of reinterpretation or abstraction. These hotel/resorts and the architectural manifestations they emanate are intrinsic parts of a trend in Abu Dhabi to search for an architectural identity in a rapidly growing modern Arab city. In both cases motifs of an Arab/Muslim referendum have been imported from a spectrum of Islamic arts and crafts, to be displayed in situ, as subjects with conscious semiotics to dynastic Arab/Muslim pasts. This study addresses representations of contemporary Islamic forms emerging in the UAE and juxtaposes Qasr al-Sarab with its integration of desert/adobe forms to the Emirates Palace with its display and acquisition of arts of the Muslim world. In many ways both hotel/resorts replace the museum as an institution that is not yet fully developed in Abu Dhabi, and thereby are part of a strategy to create a collective memory for the city as the capital of an emerging modern Arab Nation State.
Censorship and Self-censorship of Colombian Journalists when Addressing Information Related to Local Administrations
Authors: Johamna-María Muñoz-Lalinde  , Julián Jiménez-Madiedo  , Pedro Molina-Rodríguez-Navas
Published: January 2025

This research examines the newsmaking practices followed by local journalists in the Colombian Caribbean Region when covering information related to local administrations. It also explores the practices of communication officials in the Office of the Mayor, focusing on how they inform both citizens and journalists in the region. The data collection method involved semi-structured interviews with sixteen press and television journalists from the Caribbean Region, as well as with three communication professionals in charge of local administrations in Barranquilla, Santa Marta, and Cartagena. Subsequently, a thematic analysis was performed to identify patterns in the transcripts of these interviews. The topics discussed with journalists included the number of people covering local news in the newsroom; sources of information; criteria for selecting published information, and the presence of censorship or self-censorship in reporting on local management. For the communications professionals in the Offices of the Mayor, the topics covered the mission of their office; criteria for publishing information; channels used for disseminating information to citizens and journalists; the significance of the Transparency and Access to Public Information Law for their office, and the budget allocated for media advertising. The results revealed that censorship and self-censorship occur among journalists when reporting on local administrations, particularly when scrutinizing their management. For those in charge of communication in the respective Offices of the Mayor, the directives from each are definitive in producing information. Both situations prevent citizens from receiving complete, transparent, and good quality information, which is detrimental to democracy
Representación de género en equipos editoriales y órganos directivos de revistas científicas Scopus: Análisis para distintas áreas del conocimiento
Authors: Ganga Contreras Francisco , Alarcón Henríquez Nancy , Troncoso Ahúes Elizabeth , Suárez-Amaya Wendolin
Published: January 2025

A pesar de los esfuerzos por lograr paridad de género en múltiples ámbitos organizacionales, las mujeres siguen subrepresentadas en los puestos de liderazgo, incluso en el ámbito científico. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar la representación de género en los cuerpos editoriales de revistas indexadas en la base de datos Scopus, en relación con los cargos que ocupan, para evidenciar eventuales desigualdades. Para ello, se realizó una investigación documental, utilizando fuentes secundarias de información: revisión de artículos, base de datos y páginas web de las revistas. La información del universo de revistas para análisis fue recopilada desde la base Scopus el día 16 de marzo de 2022, obteniéndose 27.060 registros. Posteriormente se aplicó un filtro para seleccionar las revistas donde, a lo menos, uno de sus idiomas de publicación era el español (n=824), independiente de su país de origen. Los resultados mostraron que un poco más del cuarto de las revistas que poseen el cargo de director(a) tenían un liderazgo femenino en dicha responsabilidad, y que todos los otros cargos identificados, con excepción del de secretaria(o) y asistente editorial, son masculinizados. En las principales áreas temáticas de Scopus, se encontró una predominancia masculina del 65,2% en el cargo de director(a) y/o editor(a), siendo la más notoria la de ciencias físicas. Cuando se analizaron los cuerpos colegiados, se encontró que más del 85% de ellos tienen conformación mixta, no obstante, no fue factible encontrar paridad de género en su composición. Los resultados evidencian la falta de diversidad en los cuerpos editoriales. Se recomienda la implementación de acciones que promuevan la igualdad de género y que aumenten la visibilidad del trabajo de las mujeres en el ámbito científico.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia with Mosaicism Level 1 of Chromosomes 17q and 18q in Iran: a case report
Authors: Rezvani Zahra
Published: January 2025

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a common birth defect with high mortality and morbidity and is defined as the protrusion of abdominal contents into the chest cavity through an abnormal opening in the diaphragm of the fetus or infant. This abnormality is caused by multiple factors, including both genetic and environmental components, and can also be associated with several syndromes. Among the chromosomal abnormalities associated with CDH, trisomy 21, 18, and 13 are the most common. Also, complex chromosomal aberrations such as mosaicism have been reported. We present a case of prenatally diagnosed CDH with level 1 mosaicism of chromosomes 17q and 18q in a 34-year-old Iranian woman. The diagnosis was made at 16 weeks of gestation using ultrasound and confirmed by amniocentesis. In light of the presence of mosaicism of chromosomes in this instance, it is suggested that a potential genetic factor may play a role in the emergence of CDH, necessitating additional research. This case underscores the significance of genetic testing in the prenatal diagnosis of CDH and emphasizes the necessity for comprehensive counseling for affected families.
Theoretical investigation on Iodine (III)-Mediated Selective Csp−Csp2 bond Cleavage from Nitrogenation of alkyne with Nitrone Yielding Functionalized [1,4] Oxazinone
Authors: Lu Nan
Published: January 2025

Our DFT calculations provide the first theoretical investigation on iodine(III)-mediated selective Csp−Csp2 bond cleavage of 1-alkynylnaphthol with N-phenyl nitrone. 1-alkynylnaphthol was isomerized to VQM under base NEt3, which underwent [4 + 3] cycloaddition with N-phenyl nitrone affording heptatomic ring. 1,3-rearrangement of N−O vinyl group was determined to be rate-limiting furnishing another heptatomic ring more stable. The ring opening and sequential hydrogen shift gave iminium. The intramolecular 1,4-addition delivered pyrroline through pentacyclic alkene. The intermolecular alcoholysis with MeOH and PhI(OAc)2 pro-vided α-aminoketone. Via oxidative dearomatization and intramolecular cyclization, spirolactam was formed followed by ring opening and ester exchange producing major product [1,4]oxazinone. Alternatively, the in-tramolecular 1,2-addition of O-anion resulted in bridged ring by-product. The positive solvation effect is suggested by decreased absolute and activation energies in solution compared with in gas. These results are supported by Multiwfn analysis on FMO composition of specific TSs, and MBO value of vital bonding, breaking.
Features of treatment of cancer of the lower ampullary part of the rectum
Authors: Pirogovsky V , Sorokin B , Zlobenet S , Taranenko A , Mylyanovska A , Lutsenko D , Nikogda S , Gnutov M
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the features of treatment of cancer of the lower ampullary part of the rectum, one of the most common oncological pathologies of the digestive tract. It provides data on morbidity and mortality rates both globally and in Ukraine, highlighting the significance of the issue. The primary objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of modern surgical methods, including transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) resection, low anterior resection, intersphincteric resection and the use of lumbar bifold reservoirs according to the clinic’s methodology.
Zur sprachlichen Konstruktion des Briten im Brexit-Diskurs der "Tageszeitung". Teil 2: Diskursiv zentrale konzeptuelle Domänen
Authors: Gaweł Agnieszka
Published: January 2025

Die Analyse diskursiv zentraler Begriffe gehört aufgrund ihrer prominenten Rolle bei der Vermittlung des kollektiven Weltwissens zu den wichtigsten Untersuchungsgegenständen der kognitiven Diskursforschung. Da die bei der Verwendung lexikalischer Einheiten aktivierten Wissenssegmente mit verschiedenen Erfahrungsbereichen korrespondieren, bildet die Analyse von konzeptuellen Domänen, in deren Rahmen die sprachliche Konstruktion des jeweiligen Konzepts erfolgt, die grundlegende Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche Rekonstruktion des dem jeweiligen Begriff entsprechenden konzeptuellen Gehalts. Im vorliegenden Beitrag setzen wir uns zum Ziel, diskursiv zentrale konzeptuelle Domänen zu analysieren, die bei der sprachlichen Konstruktion vom Konzept des Briten im Brexit-Diskurs der Tageszeitung eine wesentliche Rolle spielen. Die theoretische Grundlage für die Analyse bilden zwei kognitive Ansätze: die Frame-Semantik und die kognitive Ethnolinguistik von Jerzy Bartmiński einschließlich ihrer späteren Anwendungen in der Diskursforschung.
Belonging in Unhomely Homelands
Authors: Grujić Marija
Published: January 2025

Over two decades ago, Kosovo Serbs faced displacement due to ethnic conflict and tensions. Using their rich biographical narratives and intersectional analysis, this book provides insight into the nuanced ways individuals navigate their sense of place, sense of loss and belonging during times of upheaval and the rise of nationalism, with connections to territoriality of homeland as central to identity. This book examines the intricate dynamics of gender, national affiliation and belonging in the context of internal displacement and territorial disputes faced by Kosovo Serbs. It presents the multifaceted realities of prolonged displacement and the uncertainties of return, both in spatial and temporal terms.
Value and Worthlessness
Authors: Kalb Don
Published: January 2025

Advocating for an interdisciplinary Marxist anthropology of the present, this book uses historical and global anthropology to engage with history, theory, unevenness, and comparison, while using “global ethnography” and “hidden histories” as the keys to social discovery. Kalb’s anthropology of value and worthlessness lays bare the logics that currently produce right wing, populist, and nationalist outcomes. The book also battles with the “anthropology of global systems”, financialization, and the seductive myths of global middle-class formation, while assessing the theoretical legacies of Eric Wolf, David Graeber, David Harvey, Jonathan Friedman, Marcel Mauss and “moral anthropology”, among others.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАБРУДНЕННЯ ПОВЕРХНЕВИХ ВОДОЙМ ВОЛИНСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ СПОЛУКАМИ АЗОТУ ТА ШЛЯХИ ПОКРАЩЕННЯ СИТУАЦІЇ
Authors: Bondarchuk S. P. , Bondarchuk L. F. , Merlenko I. M. , Fedoniuk M. А. , Kovalchuk N. S.
Published: January 2025

У роботі висвітлено особливості забруднення поверхневих водойм Волинської області сполуками азоту, екологічні наслідки такого забруднення та розробку дієвих заходів щодо поліпшення ситуації.В процесі досліджень аналізувались особливості потрапляння та накопичення сполук азоту у воді водойм у межах досліджуваної території, основні джерела надходження забруднювачів, динаміка вмісту у воді досліджуваних забруднюючих речовин за останні роки, а також можливі засоби зменшення такого забруднення.
Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Arteries Infarction Presenting Initially as Vestibular Neuronitis with Labyrinthine Artery Thrombus
Authors: Kim Sanghyun , Lee Jusuck , Bae Dae-Woong
Published: January 2025

It is difficult to distinguish acute labyrinthine artery infarction from peripheral vertigo conditions, such as vestibular neuritis and labyrinthitis. Despite comprehensive neurological examinations, differentiating between these conditions remains challenging, and standard computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans may not always reveal acute labyrinthine artery infarction. This case report suggests that a thorough evaluation using susceptibility-weighted imaging on MRI may be helpful in detecting the early signs of labyrinthine infarction.
Transcranial Doppler in Neurointervention: Applications in Endovascular Thrombectomy and Carotid Artery Stenting
Authors: Baik Minyoul
Published: January 2025

Recent advances in neurointerventional strategies, including the endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) and carotid artery stenting (CAS) techniques, have revolutionized ischemic stroke management by expanding treatment options and improving patient outcomes. Conventional transcranial Doppler (TCD), a tool long used in stroke care, lacks the ability to directly visualize vessels, limiting its application. However, TCD is still valuable as a non-invasive adjunctive monitoring strategy in neurointervention, owing to its ability to provide continuous, real-time bedside hemodynamic monitoring, offering precise numerical data, high repeatability, low invasivity, and no risk of radiation or contrast agent exposure. This unique capacity for continuous monitoring is particularly useful when integrated with artificial intelligence (AI) for data interpretation. This review explored the potential of TCD as an adjunct tool in neurointervention, emphasizing its roles in EVT and CAS. In EVT, TCD aids to evaluate post-recanalization blood flow, predicting clinical outcomes by assessing cerebral autoregulation and collateral status, and identifying patients at risk of hyperperfusion syndrome. TCD can further aid in stroke risk assessment in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis, as well as the selection of candidates for CAS by detecting microemboli, assessing the cerebrovascular reserve, and evaluating ophthalmic artery flow reversal. It can also be used to detect cerebral hyperperfusion following CAS. The utility of TCD extends to other endovascular procedures beyond neurointerventions, where automated and AI-assisted devices enhance its real-time intraoperative neuromonitoring abilities. This review discusses the potential of TCD to refine patient selection, predict outcomes, and enhance the efficacy of neurointerventional procedures.
Impact of Ultrasound Education Following Neuroanatomy Class for First-Year Medical Students: A Survey-Based Study
Authors: Song Kwanju , Shin Jong Wook , Song Hee-Jung
Published: January 2025

Background: Although ultrasound is widely used in clinical practice, educational opportunities for medical students, particularly those in neurology, remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of neurological US education on first-year medical students and provide insights for future curriculum development.Methods: A prospective, single-center study was conducted from 2022 to 2023 involving 231 first-year medical students over two years at the Chungnam National University College of Medicine. The sessions on Transcranial Doppler and carotid Doppler included a 30 minutes lecture, a 30 minutes demonstration by a neurology specialist, and optional hands-on practice, respectively. A post-session survey assessed students’ feedback, preferences, and willingness to engage in US education. For the analysis, the Likert-scale responses were dichotomized into positive and negative responses, and comparisons between years were conducted using chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests.Results: Over 80% of students found the sessions helpful in understanding anatomy and physiology. Student interest in US education significantly increases from 2022 to 2023 (80.5% vs. 92.4%, p=0.013), along with overall satisfaction (82.5% vs. 96.2%, p<0.001). Students preferred optional programs and instructions from specialists or residents. The demand for expanded US education showed an increasing trend (68.0–78.1%), although the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Neurological US education positively affects student learning and motivates students to use US in future practice. This study highlights the importance of neurological US education and provides insights for the development of future specialized curricula in neurology.
Safety and Efficacy of Endovascular Therapy in Distal Vessel Occlusions
Authors: Safouris Apostolos , Palaiodimou Lina , Magoufis Georgios , Kargiotis Odysseas , Psychogios Klearchos , Theodorou Aikaterini , Sidiropoulou Tatiana , Frantzeskaki Frantzeska , Mantatzis Michail , Spiliopoulos Stavros , Nardai Sandor , Tsivgoulis Georgios
Published: January 2025

Endovascular therapy (EVT) is strongly indicated for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by large vessel occlusion (LVO) in the anterior and posterior circulation according to international recommendations, but the benefit is unclear for AIS patients with distal vessel occlusions (DVO) since these patients were systematically excluded from the vast majority of randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) establishing the safety and efficacy of EVT. Observational data from multiple registries appear promising but also highlight numerous challenges: identification of DVO is not straightforward and may necessitate advanced imaging, potential clinical benefits from the intervention are more limited than in LVOs since DVO patients present with milder deficits, recanalization of smaller caliber arteries is technically challenging and associated with greater risk for complications namely symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and vessel perforation. There are multiple ongoing RCTs evaluating the safety and efficacy of EVT in AIS patients with DVOs in Europe, North America and Australasia. In view of the former considerations the current narrative review aims to present the different approaches to define DVO, summarize the epidemiology and natural history of DVO under best medical treatment, outline the diagnostic utility of different imaging modalities and critically address the observational data on the benefits and risks of EVT for DVO, with a special focus in M2 middle cerebral artery occlusions. Finally, we will also discuss the design and methodology of ongoing RCTs that will provide definitive data on the safety and efficacy of EVT for AIS patients with DVO.
THE EFFECT OF STRIP STORY MEDIA ON STUDENTS' LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Nasution Amanda Sari , Hanida Rahmi Seri , Hanifah Oktarina
Published: January 2025

Effective communication between teachers and students plays a crucial role in the success of the learning process. Poor communication can hinder the delivery of material, making the learning process less engaging. One method to enhance learning engagement is through the use of strip story media. This medium is practical, simple, and enjoyable, supporting both teachers and students in creating a dynamic learning environment. This study aims to investigate the effect of using strip story media on students' learning outcomes in social studies. The research employed a one-group pretest-posttest experimental design. The results showed that the average score of students using strip story media was 80, higher than the control group's average score of 95. Statistical analysis using the Independent Sample t-Test indicated a significant effect, with the calculated t-value (t_calculated = 9.149) exceeding the critical t-value (t_table = 2.564) and a significance level (Sig = 0.000) below 0.05. This led to the rejection of the null hypothesis (H0) and the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (Ha), confirming that strip story media significantly impacts the social studies learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SD Negeri 080 Panyabungan. In conclusion, strip story media positively and significantly affects students' learning outcomes. The findings imply the need for integrating innovative teaching media like strip stories to enhance learning. Future research could explore its application in other subjects or educational levels to expand its benefits.
Application of waveguide approach to studying shortwave radio paths
Authors: Ponomarchuk S. N. , Ilyin N. V. , Kurkin V. I. , Penzin M. S.
Published: January 2025

The method of modeling for shortwave (HF) radio paths based on the waveguide approach – the method of normal waves – has been developed. A scheme has been developed for solving the radial problem and constructing the spectrum of the radial operator for the low-frequency part of the decameter range. Algorithms have been developed for calculating remote-frequency, frequency-angular and amplitude characteristics of signals in large spatial regions on the base of analysis and numerical summation of normal wave series. The complex algorithm is implemented for the study of HF radio paths, including a medium model, algorithms for calculating signal characteristics and operational diagnostics of the radio channel.
Klyshko method for analog photodetectors and absolute measurement of photon numbers
Authors: Prudkovsky P. A. , Safronenkov D. A. , Kitaeva G. Kh.
Published: January 2025

A modification of the Klyshko method for absolute calibration of analog photodetectors is considered. It is shown that the photocurrent distribution of an analog detector can be approximated by convolution of the Poisson distribution of the number of photoelectrons with a function describing single photopulses, while the number of photons incident on the detector can be determined from the statistical properties of biphoton radiation. The ratio of the number of photoelectrons to the number of photons gives the efficiency of an analog photodetector, which can be used for measuring the intensity of radiation incident on the detector in units of photon numbers.
Spatial selectivity of the four-wave radiation converter considering the rotation of the polydisperse nanosuspension layer
Authors: Savelyev M. V. , Aleferkina K. E.
Published: January 2025

The influence of the layer incline of the polydisperse nanosuspension on the spatial structure of the object wave is analyzed. Due to the layer incline the fine structure appears in the modulus of its spatial spectrum around the dip. The dependences of the dip half-width on the standard deviation in the particle size distribution and the incline angle are obtained. The optimal angles at which the dip half-width takes on the minimal value are determined.
Luminescence systems in diamond at 489 nm
Authors: Lepekha S. V. , Vasilyev E. A. , Kobuzov A. S. , Zedgenizov D. A.
Published: January 2025

In the photoluminescence spectra of natural type Ia diamond crystals, a zero-phonon line with a position of 488.9 nm (2.53 eV) is observed. The excitation spectrum of the system is mirror to the emission spectrum. The 488.9 nm line has phonon repetitions corresponding to an energy of 0.073 eV. A change in temperature from 77 to 313 K shifts the position of the system by 1.01 nm toward the red region, and the decrease in intensity and broadening of full width at half maximum is non-linear. The characteristics of the electron-phonon interaction and distribution in the bulk of the crystals of a defect with a zero-phonon line of 488.9 nm are like the characteristics of defects of a nitrogen-vacancy nature.
Effect of temperature on photoluminescence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in biopolymer composite with erythrosine B
Authors: Slyusarenko N. V. , Gerasimova M. A. , Parfenova E. V.
Published: January 2025

The temperature sensitivity of photoluminescence of synthesized composites based on differently charged biopolymers with colloidal CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and erythrosin B dye was studied. Due to the combined action of the mechanisms of temperature quenching and resonant energy transfer from quantum dots to the dye, the dynamic range of the analytical signal of the quantum dot photoluminescence intensity increases, which can be used to create dynamic temperature sensors.
INFLUENCE OF THE STRATEGY OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON THE ACTIVITY OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, POPLAVSKA O.
Published: January 2025

In the article the theoretical approaches to the classification of non-financial risks of corporate social responsibility, attempts to determine the causes, consequences and methods of combating the negative consequences from the onset of risks associated with the disparity of interests of the machine-building enterprise and groups of influence on its activities analysed. The main stages of the formation of the management system of non-financial risks of the enterprise from the point of view of corporate social responsibility are offered. Machine-building enterprises pay much attention to corporate social responsibility (CSR), which is a promising area for research of scientists, as well as an important priority of practical activity of business entities, as well as representatives of state authorities and non-governmental organizations. The significance of corporate social responsibility is even greater due to its important role in ensuring sustainable development. The main direct effect of the introduction of CSR is the formation of a positive image of the enterprise, the growth of its business reputation, which can be converted into an increase in profits through an appropriate advertising company. However, we would like to focus on a somewhat different kind of CSR effects, namely those that are associated with a reduction in individual and corporate risks. It should be noted that an enterprise implementing a corporate social responsibility policy not only encounters certain barriers, but also solves problem issues (risks): socio-cultural enterprises that support the concept of CSR become more attractive to their stakeholders; political - by introducing the principles of CSR, an enterprise obtains a so-called "license for activity", which recognizes that the enterprise assumes voluntary social responsibilities and, as a result, receives a positive attitude of local authorities; investment - many investors believe that socially responsible enterprises are more secure for investing; financial - according to studies, enterprises that implement CSRactivities for 10 years or more have higher rates than enterprises that do not implement these principles. Timely identification of risks is one of the important stages in managing them, since it allows you to make an effective managerial decision to eliminate them or reduce their negative impact. Each business in the process of its economic activity faces uncertainty, which affects in a certain way on business. In an effort to increase the value of an enterprise, management should know the level of uncertainty, the extent of its impact on business, the potential danger or additional opportunities. This side of activity covers a well-established financial and non-financial risk management system.
FEATURES OF FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF EFFICIENT PERSONNEL POLICY OF DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES IN MODERN CONDITIONS OF MARKET ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: KAPINOS H. , KOSTYUK I. ,   Khmelnytskyi National University
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the research of theoretical aspects of the formation and implementation of effective personnel policy at Ukrainian enterprises under the current conditions of market development. Оn the basis of this, the questions are solved of the essence and content of the personnel policy of the modern enterprise, its main tasks and components. The factors are revealed, which influence the formation and implementation of personnel policy, defined the main stages of its creation and principles of functioning. The requirements are established for the formation of an effective personnel policy of the enterprise. The main problems are revealed of the formation of effective personnel policy and proposed possible ways of their solution. It is revealed that the formation of personnel policy of the enterprise is influenced by factors of the external and internal environment.
Among the factors inherent in the internal environment, one can distinguish goals and strategy of the enterprise, style of personnel management, financial resources, personnel potential, conditions and level of remuneration, motivation of work, motivational culture. In addition to the main stages of the formation of an effective human resources policy of the enterprise (standardization, programming and monitoring of personnel), the stages of official approval of personnel policy, informing the staff and improving personnel policy are added. At the last stage of personnel policy formation, an analysis of the effectiveness of its implementation at the enterprise should be carried out. In order to eliminate the main problems in the formation of personnel policy it is necessary to form a certain mechanism for its implementation, which is a system of plans, norms, organizational, administrative, social, economic and other measures aimed at solving personnel problems and meeting the needs of the enterprise in the personnel.
ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE, BY ITS FINANCIAL STATUS
Authors: DRAPCHUK A. , RZAEVA T. ,   Khmelnytskyi National University
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the article is to study the basic concepts of the financial condition of the enterprise. Highlighting its main characteristics. Directing the leading features of analytical financial security research.
The article explores theoretical approaches to understanding the concept of financial status of an enterprise. The main characteristics of financial condition in modern research are outlined. The ability of an enterprise to provide a certain level of financing for its activities. An indication of the enterprise's capacity for self-development. Characteristics of the state of capital in the process of its circulation. Financial condition as a level of balance of individual structural elements of assets and capital of the enterprise. Assessment of the level of efficiency of use of assets and sources of their formation. Characteristics of the availability and use of financial resources. The features of financial security according to the characteristics of the financial condition are determined. It is considered as a characteristic of the level of providing an enterprise with funds, financial resources for carrying out its activities. It is suggested to study as a characteristic of availability, placement and use of financial resources. Described as a characteristic of the state of the ability to make timely calculations. It is defined as a characteristic of liquidity status, solvency and financial stability. The indicators of the analysis of financial security on the basis of financial status of the economic entity are offered.
It is important to conduct a study of the level of financial security by the characteristics of the financial condition. It is advisable to analyze the liquidity, solvency, financial stability, etc. This approach will allow analyzing, diagnosing and monitoring the level of competitiveness and investment attractiveness of the enterprise.
Aliran-Aliran Paham Keagamaan Dalam Islam Berlandaskan Moderasi Beragama
Authors: Ayun Rati Pratama
Published: January 2025

The diversity of educational backgrounds, socio-cultural situations, and so on has caused the positioning of religion as a normative reference to produce disparities, both at the levels of cognition, perception, and interpretation as well as at the level of diversity of self-expression. As a result, there are individuals who think about and follow a different understanding of religion than the general public. The purpose of this research is to discover the origins of religious schools of thought in Islam. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with data collection techniques through literature studies and interviews. The findings show that ignorance of adherents of Islam and its various aspects, rapid socio-economic changes, globalization that causes disorientation, psychological dislocation within certain circles of society, and fragmentation of authority over the interpretation of the holy texts (the Qur'an) have implications for a shift in religious authority that will become a driving factor for the birth of the principles of Islamic teachings.
Formulating an Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (I-CSR) Model: Integrating Maqāṣid Sharī‘ah and Iḥsān
Authors: Khakim Usmanul , Zarkasyi Hamid Fahmy , Mas'ud Fuad , Nidzom Muhammad Faqih
Published: January 2025

This research aims to formulate a conceptual model of Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (I-CSR) by incorporating the principles of ihsān and maqāṣid sharī’ah. The research hypothesizes that maqāṣid sharī’ah provides a foundation for defining I-CSR dimensions, while ihsān theory offers a hierarchical structure. The study adopts a basic-level research and development (R&D) approach, employing qualitative content analysis through a textual examination of two theories. The process begins with an in-depth examination of maqāṣid sharī’ah and ihsān theories, followed by their integration. The research findings are as follows: First, specific I-CSR dimensions were identified rooted in maqāṣid sharī’ah, including faith (īmān), human dignity (fiṭrah), the self (nafs), intellect (‘aql), prosperity (nasl), society (ijtimā’), wealth (māl), and ecology (bī’ah). Second, companies within the I-CSR framework were categorized according to ihsān theory into seven types: fāsid, ṭayyib, khair, ma’rūf, ṣālih, birr, and ihsān. The limitations of the research are: (1) it focuses solely on the theories of maqāṣid sharī’ah and ihsān; (2) the conceptual model is in its preliminary stage and requires further refinement with additional indicators. Despite these limitations, the findings have practical implications, particularly in enhancing the assessment of I-CSR practices.
Abordagem e avaliação dos doentes com alcoolismo crónico, no ambiente de MGF: estudo exploratório em coorte retrospetiva
Authors:   ULS Gaia e Espinho, Figueiredo Rita , Santiago Luiz Miguel ,   Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Aveiro Ana ,   USF As Gândras, Graça Beatriz ,   USF Condeixa, Valentim Bruno ,   USF Santo Amaro
Published: January 2025

Introdução: A medicina geral e familiar (MGF) tem um papel preponderante na deteção precoce de problemas ligados ao álcool (PLA) e consequente intervenção. No entanto, muitos casos não são diagnosticados e não recebem o devido aconselhamento ou tratamento.

Objetivos: Perceber como é feita a avaliação e abordagem de PLA pelos médicos de família (MF) de uma Unidade de Saúde Familiar (USF) e compreender o impacto que as intervenções têm no resultado clínico.

Métodos: Estudo exploratório, observacional, em coorte retrospetiva com sete anos de seguimento, em pessoas com mais de 18 anos e com problema ICPC-2 «P15 - Abuso Crónico de Álcool» ativado crónico, seguidas numa USF na região Centro de Portugal. Recolha de dados do processo clínico das variáveis em estudo: problema do alcoolismo abordado; questionários Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)/Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test – Consumption (AUDIT-C); referenciação a consulta de adições e a psicologia; controlo analítico no ano seguinte à abordagem do problema (ASAP) e onde foi pedido; prescrição de medicação dirigida no ASAP e onde foi feita a primeira prescrição e sucesso terapêutico, por médicos com capacidade para tal e após as necessárias autorizações. Foi realizada estatística descritiva e inferencial não-paramétrica.

Resultados: Amostra de n=135, 96,3% sexo masculino, idades entre 51 e 70 anos para 56,3%. Verificou-se diferença significativa entre sexos para a referenciação a consulta de adições e para psicologia (p=0,019 e p<0,001, respetivamente). Variáveis em estudo e sucesso terapêutico sem associação significativa.

Conclusão: Neste estudo, os métodos de abordagem investigados não tiveram impacto no prognóstico do doente, não influenciando o sucesso terapêutico.
Carta ao editor - "Os instrumentos de avaliação familiar como aliados da adesão terapêutica: um relato de caso"
Authors:   Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Santiago Luiz Miguel
Published: January 2025

Li com atenção e gosto o artigo da autoria de A. L. Pereira e de P. Costa com o título “Os instrumentos de avaliação familiar como aliados da adesão terapêutica: um relato de caso”. A prática da Medicina Geral e Familiar (MGF), que deve ser sistémica para a pessoa e não apenas biomédica e dirigida à doença, carece do uso de instrumentos que permitam o aclaramento dos parcos resultados obtidos pelo modelo biomédico. São reportados neste trabalho alguns instrumentos que permitiram à equipa de MGF conhecer melhor a pessoa, fazê-la expor-se a si mesma e incrementar a qualidade da relação médico-doente. Está aqui em jogo, além dos instrumentos, a prática da Medicina Centrada na Pessoa assim como a capacitação. Estas práticas levam também à melhoria da qualidade de vida e redução do stress médico. Estando o caso agora em controlo, sendo este provavelmente semelhante a muitos outros, coloco várias perguntas: Porque é que estes métodos específicos de uma especialidade não são mais usados? Porque não aparecem mais relatos destes na RPMGF? Será que ler este texto fará com que os nossos internos e os nossos especialistas utilizem mais destes métodos a prazo? Será que muitos leem a RPMGF, enquanto revista da especialidade de MGF em Portugal, conferindo-lhe o respetivo destaque em termos científicos? Cumprimento os autores, bem como a RPMGF, por apresentar trabalhos que têm a ver com a prática específica da MGF e espero que, num futuro muito breve, a citação de artigos publicados na RPMGF faça parte das referências bibliográficas deste tipo de artigos.
Why Should P-Values Be Abandoned in Scientific Research?
Authors: Huang Hening
Published: January 2025

It is widely acknowledged in the scientific community that the _p_-values generated by null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) procedures can be easily misunderstood, misinterpreted, and/or misused. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the two-sample one-tailed _z_-test and the _p_-value it generates. We explore why _p_-values should be abandoned in scientific research.
Comprehensive Review of MAX Phase and MXene Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications
Authors: Subba C. B. , Rai Dibya Prakash , Tursunov Mukhriddin E. , Dekhkonov Avazbek T. , Pachuau Z.
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we present a detailed and comprehensive review of the MAX phase (bulk) and their 2D derivative MXenes on the basis of their synthesis, properties, and applications. MAX/Mexene have emerged as a class of materials with tremendous potential for various applications in numerous emerging technologies. We thoroughly surveyed almost all of the relevant literature on MAX/Mexene. We provide a comprehensive report on the synthesis methods of MAX phases, including traditional and innovative approaches such as solid-state synthesis and spark plasma sintering, highlighting their structural and compositional diversity. The unique physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of MAX phases, such as high thermal stability, electronic, magnetic, electrical conductivity, and flexibility, are explored along with the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, the review highlights the current research trend in MAX phase and MXene and their advancement in energy harvesting applications such as H\(_2\) production, solar cells, energy storage, catalysis, spintronics, electronic devices and environmental remediation. Their added features are damage tolerance, radiation tolerance, heat tolerance, crack-healing, heat exchangers, etc. In addition, this review provides information on future research directions that utilize current knowledge and identify gaps. The purpose of this review is to facilitate advancements in the understanding and application of MAX phases and MXenes, positioning them as pivotal materials in next-generation technologies.