bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DÂRİMÎ’NİN HAYATI, İLMİ ŞAHSİYETİ VE ESERLERİ
Authors: Kuşça Abdulbasit
Published: October 2024

Kutsal Kitabımız Kur’an’ı Kerim’den sonra ikinci temel kaynak olarak önemli bir görev üstlenen Sünnet, bir yandan Kur’an’daki bazı hükümlere uygun beyanda bulunarak onları pekiştirmiş, diğer yandan ise açık bir şekilde zikredilmeyen hükümlerin pratiğine dair bilgi vermiş, bazen de onda bulunmayan bazı hükümler vazederek bu önemli vazifesini ifa etmiştir. Sünettin bu önemli konumundan dolayı asırlar boyunca muhafazası ve doğru anlaşılması amacıyla büyük emek ve gayretler sarfedilmiştir.
Bu gayeye matuf olarak çaba gösterenlerden biri de İmam Darimi olmuştur. Bu çalışmada İmam Darimi’nin hayatı, ilmi faaliyetleri, hocaları ve öğrencileri, hadis ilmindeki yeri ve eserleri mevzu bahis yapılmakta ve bu hususların daha iyi bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi için yaşadığı asrın siyasi ve sosyal durumunun da ortaya konulması önem arz etmektedir.
Hadis kültür tarihinde Darimi’nin konumunun belirlenmesi amacıyla kaynaklardaki bilgilerden hareketle onun şahsiyetini tüm yönleriyle konu edinen bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
Sadedinde bulunduğumuz bu çalışma ile; Darimi’nin dönemindeki siyasi-sosyal ve ilmi gelişmelere müdahil olan aksiyoner bir kişiliğe sahip olduğu, soyu Araplara dayandığı, itikadi yönden ehl-i hadisin inanç sistemini benimsediği, ameli açıdan ise belli bir mezhebe bağlı kalmayarak içtihatta bulunan fakih bir şahsiyet gibi davrandığı ve kendisine ait günümüze kadar ulaşan ve farklı isimlerle de anılan Sünen isimli tek bir eserinin bulunduğu gibi sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır.
ИНФЕКЦИИ И ИХ ВОЗБУДИТЕЛИ В ОТДЕЛЕНИЯХ РЕАНИМАЦИИ И ИНТЕНСИВНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)
Authors: Марковна Ценципер Любовь , Максимовна Тихомирова Анна , Илья Наумович Лейдерман
Published: October 2024

Возбудители внутрибольничных инфекций формируются в стационарах в условиях тесного контакта между отдельными пациентами, а также между больными и персоналом, что приводит к обмену штаммами микроорганизмов. Параллельно на фоне интенсивного применения антимикробных препаратов происходит формирование антибиотикорезистентных штаммов. Цель обзора — обобщить имеющиеся современные литературные данные о наиболее часто встречающихся в отделениях реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ) инфекционных возбудителях. В обзоре представлен обзор исследований, посвященных микробному профилю ОРИТ и нозокомиальным инфекциям. Приведены данные о сходствах и различиях микробного спектра в зависимости от профиля ОРИТ. Внутрибольничное инфицирование пациентов отделений реанимации и интенсивной терапии характеризуется сложными эпидемиологическими и патофизиологическими механизмами возникновения и развития. Увеличение частоты выделения микроорганизмов с множественной  лекарственной устойчивостью усложняет проведение адекватной антибиотикотерапии, в том числе и стартовой эмпирической антибиотикотерапии, что значительно увеличивает роль проведения профилактических мероприятий.

Pathogens of nosocomial infections are formed in hospitals in conditions of close contact between individual patients, as well as between patients and staff, which leads to the exchange of strains of microorganisms. In parallel, the formation of antibiotic-resistant strains occurs against the background of intensive use of antimicrobial drugs. The purpose of the review is to summarize the available modern literature data on the most common infectious pathogens in intensive care units (ICU). The review presents data on the most frequently developing infectious complications in the ICU and their causative agents. Data on the similarities and differences of the microbial spectrum depending on the ICU profile are presented. Conclusion. Nosocomial infection of patients in intensive care units is characterized by complex epidemiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of occurrence and development. An increase in the frequency of release of multidrug-resistant microorganisms complicates the implementation of adequate antibiotic therapy, including initial empirical antibiotic therapy, which significantly increases the role of preventive measures.
ХРОНИЧЕСКАЯ ИШЕМИЯ, УГРОЖАЮЩАЯ ПОТЕРЕЙ КОНЕЧНОСТИ, — ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ, ПАТОГЕНЕЗ, ДИАГНОСТИКА И СТРАТЕГИИ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ
Authors: Аршед Ахмад Кучай , Николаевич Липин Александр , Ф. Падариа Шоаиб , Никита Николаевич Груздев , Геннадьевич Борисов Алексей , Азаткулиевич Мухамедов Худайберды , Батырович Ходжакулиев Гельды , Александр Алексеевич Ревякин
Published: October 2024

Хроническая ишемия, угрожающая потерей конечности (ХИУПК), — это синдром хронических облитерирующих заболеваний периферических артерий, различных по этиологии и патогенезу. Заболевания, вызванные дегенеративным поражением артериального русла, могут приводить к ХИУПК, вызывая аневризмы и длительные хронические окклюзии. К таким заболеваниям относятся: Синдром Марфана, Элерса–Данло, опухоль Эрдгейма, нейрофиброматоз, фиброзная дисплазия. Множественные васкулиты встречаются при системных васкулитах и заболеваниях соединительной ткани. В подавляющем большинстве случаев (75–80%) патогенетическим механизмом, приводящим к развитию хронических облитерирующих заболеваний артерий нижних конечностей и ХИУПК, являются атеросклероз и сосудистые осложнения, связанные с сахарным диабетом. Все эти заболевания приводят к значительному снижению перфузионного кровотока на уровне микроциркуляции, вызывая тяжелые метаболические нарушения. Со временем нарушаются реологические свойства крови, способствуя прогрессированию ишемии тканей. При ХИУПК многие компенсаторные возможности организма уже исчерпаны, но проведение реваскуляризации нижнейконечности все еще возможно.

Chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) is a syndrome of chronic obliterating diseases of peripheral arteries, different in etiology and pathogenesis. Diseases caused by degenerative damage to the arterial bed can lead to CLTI, causing aneurysm and long chronic occlusions. Such diseases include: Marfan syndrome, Ehlers–Danlos, Erdheim tumor, neurofibromatosis, fibrotic dysplasia. Multiple vasculitis are found in systemic vasculitis and connective tissue diseases. The most common cause of CLTI is atherosclerosis and vascular complications associated with diabetes mellitus. In the vast majority of cases (75–80%), atherosclerosis is the pathogenetic mechanism leading to the development of chronic obliterating diseases of the lower limb arteries. All these diseases lead to a significant reduction of perfusion blood flow at the level of microcirculation, causing severe metabolic disorders. Over time, the rheological properties of the blood are impaired, contributing to the progression of tissue ischemia. With CLTI, many of the body’s compensatory capabilities have been exhausted, but conducting revascularization of the lower limb is still possible.
Water Circulation Monitoring System in The Vanname Shrimp Cultivation based on Internet of Thing
Authors: Intan Indo , Nurlina Nfn , Pangerang Fitriaty
Published: October 2024

The cultivation of vaname shrimp is a leading commodity because of several advantages. Some shrimp farmers still practice traditional cultivation which is less effective and efficient in terms of labor and costs. This research was conducted as a solution based on current technology to overcome this problem. The goal is as an alternative to combine microcontroller technology and the IoT so that real-time and objective information is produced when monitoring water circulation in the prototype of vannamei shrimp culture is carried out. The design method of water circulation monitoring hardware and software is adjusted to the needs of the input devices for the three sensors (temperature, pH, and salinity). Microcontroller data processing is sent via synchronization between the wireless sensor network and the web. The results obtained show that the speed of data transmission is in accordance with real-time conditions and is not significantly affected by distance problems, because IoT has brought distant ones closer. Monitoring information also shows the circulation process when the water quality changes from normal conditions. This monitoring can be developed on a broader scale so that it can be an alternative technology with direct benefits for vannamei shrimp farmers.
Using Technology Acceptance Model to Evaluate the Utilization of Kolintang Instruments Application
Authors: Wikarsa Liza , Angdresey Apriandy
Published: October 2024

To preserve traditional Kolintang musical instruments, originating from Minahasa (North Sulawesi, Indonesia), Aplikasi Musik Kolintang was developed and can be run on web browsers and Android-based smartphones with several controllers to attract users’ attention. This study aims to explore the acceptability and utilization of this application, especially the use of a webcam as a sensor for motion detections, and identify the modifications to make for better user experiences. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was adopted to determine user acceptance and behavioral intentions toward the application. The TAM variables used in this study were perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude towards usage, and behavioral intentions. External variables were also included, namely application design, application design, and expectancy. An online questionnaires-based survey was conducted to collect data from 177 people randomly selected at Universitas Katolik De La Salle Manado. The results suggested that all variables in the proposed framework either directly or indirectly have effects on the overall behavioral intention to use the application as they have statistically significant positive correlations. The respondent propensity to embrace and use the application was high leading to an increase in positive attitude toward usage, which consequently influenced the behavioral intention to use. Several modifications were indeed required to improve the quality of the application and enrich the user experience.
Data Growth Identification and Application Performance Index (APDEX) Evaluation on the Performance of Geospatial Information Mapping Applications
Authors: Silalahi Florence Elfriede Sinthauli , Prayitno Mugi , Gambetta Windy , Amhar Fahmi , Rachma Tia Rizka Nuzula , Wijaya Muhammad Nur Qomari Adi
Published: October 2024

The Awareness for managing information technology (IT) as the responsibility of various parties has emerged, supported by improving in the quality of the Electronic Based Government System (SPBE), made IT cannot be considered as support only, but its strategic function is going started to be reviewed. This aims to realize the availability of data that is accurate, up-to-date, integrated, accountable, and easily accessible and shared by the public. Geospatial data and information (IG) are strategic because they are included in the implementation of the Presidential Decree One Data Indonesia together with statistical and financial data. GI that is generated and reprocessed from service systems and equipment sensors, requires operational management support, performance, and ease of addition, as well as interoperability with other systems. It is necessary to measure user satisfaction with GI services, namely in nine mapping applications, using the Application Performance Index (APDEX) Score using JMeter, identifying user behavior with Google Analytics, and recommending application performance improvements from the GT Metrix test results. From the results, the total number of application users is quite high. The APDEX score results show a range of 0.516 to 0.945, so improvements are needed for scripts, server utilization (CPU, memory, and storage), and available bandwidth. Furthermore, it is necessary to use a CDN or proxy to cache js, CSS scripts, and base maps (images), as well as optimize according to the recommendations of GT Metrix.
Impact of an extended light regimen imposed during nursery period on the performance and lipid metabolism of weanling pigs
Authors: Liu Guangfan , Su Fen , Zou Xingyue , Yang Xingming , Tian Liang
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of a prolonged photoperiod on the growth performance and lipid metabolism of weaned piglets.Methods: Twenty-four piglets weaned at 28 days of age were randomly dichotomized into two groups that were alternatively subjected to either long photoperiod (LP) group (16 L:8 D) or short photoperiod (SP) group (10 L:14 D) for 42days. Four replicates of three animals per replicates were used per experimental treatment.Results: Our results demonstrated that prolonged photoperiod increased piglet body weight, average daily weight gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BF), backfat index during the nursery period, and increased ADG, average daily feed intake (ADFI), and decreased the F/G of piglets during the experiment days 29 to 42. Meanwhile, we observed LP piglets’ plasma melatonin, growth hormone and serotonin levels were decreased at 14 d and 42 d compared to SP piglets. Moreover, up-regulated mRNA or protein expression of PPARγ and CEBPα, and lower mRNA or protein expression of MTR1, ATGL, HSL, PPARα, and CPT1α, were observed in back subcutaneous fat of LP group compared with that of SP group. Significant increases were observed in the mRNA or protein contents of lipogenic genes, including C/EBPα, SREBP-1c, ACCα, and FAS, in the liver of LP piglets, whereas CPT1α and ACOX1 mRNA levels and PPARα and MTR1 protein expression were significantly downregulated in LP group compared to SP group. Extended photoperiod also increased lipid content in longissimus dorsi muscle that was associated with higher mRNA or protein levels of SREBP-1c, ACCα, FAS, Pref1, and LPL, decreased mRNA or protein contents of LeptinR, MTR1, HSL, and ACOX1.Conclusion: Together, these findings suggest that there is an advantage, in terms of growth performance and fat deposition, in imposing a prolonged light program (16-h light/d) on nursery piglets to alleviate the negative aspects of weaning stress.
The Main Disorders of Sex Development in Animals
Authors: Marc Simona , Otavă Gabriel
Published: October 2024

Disorders of sex development (DSDs) cover congenital or developmental abnormality of any part of the female or male reproductive tract. In this chapter, the embryogenesis of the genital system and the most common DSD are presented. Knowledge of embryogenesis of the genital tract is very important, because if there are inherited gene mutations, de novo mutations, external factors, or both genetic and environmental factors that interfere with the stages of development, clinically, sooner or later, changes in reproductive function will be identified. The pathologies presented are currently classified according to the stage of development at which the deviation from normal takes place, in: chromosomal sex abnormalities, gonadal sex abnormalities, and phenotypical sex abnormalities. Other congenital pathologies that frequently affect the male genital apparatus, such as cryptorchidism or hypospadias, will also be discussed.
Research on Probiotic Fermentation of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Hao Baocheng , Chen Qian , Wang Shengyi
Published: October 2024

Traditional Chinese medicine fermentation refers to the biological transformation of active ingredients in whole medicinal materials, after cleaning or other processing, under specific environmental conditions, utilizing microbial life activities. Traditional Chinese medicine fermentation can lead to detoxification, increased efficacy, improved taste, and other advantages. Probiotics can balance intestinal flora, enhance immune function, and improve animal health. Combining of traditional Chinese medicine with probiotic fermentation not only promotes the dissolution of active substances in drugs but also maximizes the beneficial effects of microorganisms. The synergy between the two contributes to a balanced and improved intestinal flora structure in the body.
Analisis Kurangnya Minat Berbagai Kelompok Masyarakat Depok terhadap Produk Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Dhia Dhia , Utami Fitri , Afifah Pipit
Published: October 2024

Bank syariah adalah lembaga keuangan yang beroperasi sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah atau hukum Islam. Prinsip-prinsip Islam yang dipegang oleh bank syariah meliputi keadilan dan keseimbangan, kepentingan umum, universalisme, dan menghindari unsur-unsur seperti ketidakpastian, perjudian, bunga, penindasan, dan objek yang diharamkan, sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis  faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi  kurangnya minat masyarakat kota Depok dalam memilih produk perbankan syariah serta mencari solusi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan  minat masyarakat Depok terhadap produk perbankan syariah. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuakitatif studi pustaka.  Metode kualitatif studi pustaka melibatkan analisis dan interpretasi terhadap teks-teks, literatur, dan sumber-sumber yang relevan dengan topik penelitian tanpa mengumpulkan data primer secara langsung. Hasil penelitian yaitu  Kurangnya minat masyarakat dalam memilih produk perbankan syariah di Kota Depok dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yang dapat diidentifikasi. Pertama, kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang prinsip-prinsip perbankan syariah serta manfaatnya dibandingkan dengan perbankan konvensional menjadi salah satu faktor utama. Kedua, terdapat keterbatasan dalam variasi produk dan layanan perbankan syariah yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan preferensi masyarakat, yang dapat mempengaruhi minat mereka dalam memilih produk tersebut.
Bank syariah adalah lembaga keuangan yang beroperasi sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah atau hukum Islam. Prinsip-prinsip Islam yang dipegang oleh bank syariah meliputi keadilan dan keseimbangan, kepentingan umum, universalisme, dan menghindari unsur-unsur seperti ketidakpastian, perjudian, bunga, penindasan, dan objek yang diharamkan, sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis  faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi  kurangnya minat masyarakat kota Depok dalam memilih produk perbankan syariah serta mencari solusi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan  minat masyarakat Depok terhadap produk perbankan syariah. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuakitatif studi pustaka.  Metode kualitatif studi pustaka melibatkan analisis dan interpretasi terhadap teks-teks, literatur, dan sumber-sumber yang relevan dengan topik penelitian tanpa mengumpulkan data primer secara langsung. Hasil penelitian yaitu  Kurangnya minat masyarakat dalam memilih produk perbankan syariah di Kota Depok dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yang dapat diidentifikasi. Pertama, kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang prinsip-prinsip perbankan syariah serta manfaatnya dibandingkan dengan perbankan konvensional menjadi salah satu faktor utama. Kedua, terdapat keterbatasan dalam variasi produk dan layanan perbankan syariah yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan preferensi masyarakat, yang dapat mempengaruhi minat mereka dalam memilih produk tersebut.
Customer Satisfaction Analysis: Factors Enhancing Purchase Decisions in Higher Education Institution
Authors: Suparman Suparman , M Aras , Qanitah Tasrudin Tiara , Alverisa Permatasari Katarina
Published: October 2024

Higher education institutions face numerous obstacles, including severe rivalry. Higher education institutions must innovate to address these difficulties. The primary goal of this study is to investigate and analyze the elements that influence customer satisfaction and purchase decisions in higher education institutions. This research used quantitative methodologies, with questionnaires distributed to 385 students at one of Indonesia's institutions. The data will be processed using path analysis and correlational analysis with SEM-PLS in the SmartPLS software. The study's findings indicate that customer experience had positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction and purchase decisions (p < 0.05). Communication quality and event marketing positively and significant impacts customer experience and purchasing decisions (p < 0.05). Customer satisfaction significantly affects purchasing decisions (p < 0.05). Higher education institutions must focus on the elements that influence consumer satisfaction and purchase decisions. This can be accomplished through excellent quality communication and appealing marketing strategies.
Penerapan Strategi Pendekatan Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) dalam Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Peserta Didik Kelas XII-5 SMAN 6 Surabaya
Authors: Molita Afni , Widiyanto Rendik , Ariyanti Gregoria , Dian Mariani
Published: October 2024

This research aims to improve the mathematics learning outcomes of students in grades XII-5 of SMAN 6 Surabaya by applying the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach and the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in differentiated learning on functional transformation materials. The CRT approach used emphasizes cultural integration in mathematics learning to facilitate student engagement according to their cultural context and background. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method which is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study are 36 students in grades XII-5 of SMAN 6 Surabaya. Data was collected through learning outcome tests and observations that were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative analysis methods. The results of the study showed a significant improvement in student learning outcomes. In the pre-cycle, the percentage of student completion was 22% with an average score of 62.6. In the first cycle, the completeness increased to 91.6% with an average score of 90.7, and in the second cycle the completeness reached 97.22% with an average score of 96.25. In addition, student activity in group discussions also increased during the implementation of cycle II. The conclusion of this study is that the application of the Culturally Responsive Teaching approach in differentiated learning is effective in improving the mathematics learning outcomes of students in grades XII-5 of SMAN 6 Surabaya, especially in the material of functional transformation. The integration of cultural context in learning is proven to be able to increase student motivation, engagement, and understanding of learning materials.
Respon Klinis Regimen Kemoterapi pada Kanker Payudara Stadium Lanjut di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Tahun 2023
Authors: Mallo Andly Resando , Manginsa Christian , A. Morung Marestina , Langi F.E.L. Fredrik G.O
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di kalangan wanita di seluruh dunia. Di Indonesia, distribusi subtipe kanker payudara dan respons terhadap pengobatan bervariasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respon klinis terhadap berbagai regimen kemoterapi pada pasien kanker payudara stadium lanjut di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado tahun 2023.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi respon klinis terhadap regimen kemoterapi pada kanker payudara stadium lanjut serta menganalisis hubungan antara subtipe molekuler dengan respon klinis terhadap kemoterapi.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi observasional retrospektif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis pasien kanker payudara stadium lanjut yang menjalani kemoterapi di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou pada tahun 2023. Respon klinis dievaluasi menggunakan kriteria RECIST, dengan variabel bebas berupa regimen kemoterapi dan variabel tergantung berupa respon klinis.
Hasil: Dari 190 pasien, 45,3% menunjukkan Partial Response (PR), 30,5% Stable Disease (SD), dan 4,2% mengalami Progressive Disease (PD). Regimen Platinum + Taxane (TP) merupakan regimen paling banyak digunakan dengan respon klinis yang signifikan. Subtipe Triple Negative memiliki prevalensi tertinggi di antara pasien, dengan respon klinis yang bervariasi.
Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas pasien kanker payudara stadium lanjut di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou merespon positif terhadap kemoterapi, dengan Partial Response sebagai respon terbanyak. Regimen TP menunjukkan efektivitas tinggi dalam meningkatkan respons klinis pada subtipe kanker payudara Triple Negative.
Analisis Biaya Penggunaan Kapur dan Tawas pada Pengolahan Air Asam Tambang di Settling Pond 03 Pit Paku PT. Rimau
Authors: Eko Prastyo Andreashah , Virgiyanti Lisa , Apui Ganang Nuansa Mare , Sukmawatie Neny , Fidayanti Neny
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis biaya penggunaan kapur dan tawas dalam pengolahan air asam tambang di Settling pond 03, Pit Paku, PT. Rimau Energy Mining. Air asam tambang, hasil reaksi kimia antara mineral sulfida dan air, memerlukan penanganan khusus untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan. Penggunaan kapur dan tawas bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pH dan menurunkan kekeruhan air asam tambang. Melalui percobaan laboratorium dengan berbagai dosis kapur dan tawas, penelitian ini menemukan dosis yang paling efektif untuk menetralkan air asam tambang, meningkatkan pH, dan menurunkan kekeruhan sesuai dengan baku mutu yang ditetapkan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menganalisis biaya yang diperlukan untuk setiap kombinasi dosis yang diuji, dengan hasil menunjukkan perbandingan biaya pengolahan berdasarkan dosis kapur dan tawas yang digunakan. Berdasarkan analisis biaya, ditemukan bahwa kombinasi dosis kapur dan tawas yang optimal menghasilkan biaya yang lebih efektif dibandingkan metode yang diterapkan sebelumnya.. Dosis yang efektif untuk menetralkan air asam tambang adalah 1 gram kapur dan 2 gram tawas per liter, yang berhasil menaikkan pH dari 3,88-4,13 menjadi 8,10-8,40, serta menurunkan kekeruhan dari 498-522 NTU menjadi 144,9-196,1 NTU.
Uso de la inteligencia artificial en la resolución de problemas matemáticos: innovación y mejora del rendimiento académico en la educación superior
Authors: Duarte Cango Andrea Ximena , Bustillos Castillo David Alberto , Hidalgo Cajo Diego Patricio , Mullo Cóndor Kevin Santiago
Published: October 2024

La inteligencia artificial (IA) ha revolucionado diversos campos, incluyendo la educación, al introducir herramientas y metodologías innovadoras que optimizan el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. En el contexto de la educación superior, su aplicación en la resolución de problemas matemáticos ha ganado relevancia, ya que facilita el aprendizaje y mejora el rendimiento académico. Gracias a tecnologías como el aprendizaje automático, la IA aborda problemas complejos con mayor eficacia, ofreciendo a los estudiantes plataformas interactivas y personalizadas que se adaptan a sus necesidades específicas. Este estudio se propone examinar el impacto de la IA en la resolución de problemas matemáticos y su influencia en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes, así como su capacidad para transformar las metodologías pedagógicas tradicionales.
A pesar de los avances tecnológicos, muchos estudiantes universitarios enfrentan desafíos en la resolución de problemas matemáticos complejos, en parte debido a enfoques tradicionales centrados en la memorización en lugar de la comprensión profunda. Este artículo presenta una revisión sistemática de la literatura, utilizando la metodología PRISMA para garantizar un enfoque riguroso en la recolección y análisis de estudios relevantes. Los resultados de 15 artículos analizados evidencian que la integración de la IA en la enseñanza de matemáticas genera retroalimentación inmediata y personalizada, mejorando tanto la identificación de errores como la comprensión de conceptos matemáticos.
Advancements in Non-Invasive Imaging Techniques for Early Detection of Prostate Disorders: A Review
Authors:   School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Mwende Wairimu G.
Published: October 2024

Prostate disorders, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer, pose significant health challenges, particularly for aging male populations. Early and accurate detection of these conditions is critical to improving prognosis, guiding treatment decisions, and reducing patient morbidity. Traditionally, diagnostic techniques such as digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, and prostate biopsy have been widely used. However, these methods are often invasive, uncomfortable, and may carry risks of complications, leading to a growing demand for less invasive alternatives. Recent advancements in non-invasive imaging techniques offer promising solutions for the early detection and diagnosis of prostate disorders. This review examines a wide range of innovative imaging modalities, including multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), and novel approaches such as elastography and molecular imaging. We explore the underlying principles, technical developments, clinical applications, and comparative efficacy of these modalities. Special attention is given to their sensitivity, specificity, and ability to detect prostate abnormalities at early stages, reducing the need for invasive procedures. Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in enhancing imaging accuracy and interpretation is discussed. By summarizing the current landscape of non-invasive imaging, this review highlights the potential of these technologies to improve prostate disorder detection, reduce unnecessary biopsies, and shape future clinical practices in urology. Keywords: Prostate disorders, Non-invasive imaging, Early detection, Multiparametric MRI, Ultrasound imaging, Artificial intelligence (AI)
The Impact of Global Programs such as PEPFAR, UNAIDS, and the Global Fund on Combating HIV/AIDS in East Africa
Authors:   School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Mwaura J. Ngugi
Published: October 2024

HIV/AIDS continues to be a major public health crisis in East Africa, disproportionately affecting countries such as Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and Ethiopia. This review evaluates the impact of global programs, including the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), and The Global Fund, in combating the HIV/AIDS epidemic in East Africa. These initiatives have played pivotal roles in reducing HIV transmission, increasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), and strengthening healthcare infrastructure. Key interventions, such as voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC), prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), and ART distribution, have contributed to a decline in HIV prevalence. However, challenges such as funding sustainability, stigma, and access inequities persist. This review also discusses future directions for enhancing global efforts, with recommendations for promoting domestic funding, improving social inclusion, and integrating HIV services into broader healthcare frameworks. The study underscores the importance of ongoing collaboration among governments, international donors, civil society, and communities to ensure the continued success of HIV/AIDS programs in East Africa. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, East Africa, PEPFAR, UNAIDS, prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), stigma.
Store Advertising Strategy In Tuban In Increasing Product Appeal
Authors: Rohid Nibrosu
Published: October 2024

Advertising strategy of Ceker Gobyozz Byozz Tuban Shop and its impact on business growth. Using the Diffusion of Innovation Theory by Everett M. Rogers, this study identifies how innovation in products and advertising strategies can be applied to small businesses. This shop utilizes the trend of spicy food that is popular among young people as the main innovation, accompanied by promotions through social media such as Instagram, Facebook, and WhatsApp, as well as print media in the local community. This strategy is implemented in stages, starting from word-of-mouth (WOM) promotion to the use of more modern media. The results of the study show that a well-integrated advertising strategy can significantly increase the number of visitors. This shop is able to attract around 50-70 visitors per branch per day, with a total turnover of 120 million rupiah per month. In addition, involvement in the local community accelerates the diffusion of innovation and helps the shop reach a wider market. Consumer adoption decisions are influenced by product quality and positive experiences at the shop, which creates customer loyalty. In conclusion, an innovative and targeted advertising strategy is the key to the success of Ceker Gobyozz Byozz Shop, providing important insights for small businesses in developing their businesses through effective promotions.
Curriculum Management of Local Content in Fostering Religious Behavior: A Study at Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Zamroni M. Afif , Supriyanto Heri
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the management of local content curriculum in shaping religious behavior at MA Raden Paku Wringinanom. Specifically, the research addresses three key questions: (1) How is the local content curriculum planned to foster religious behavior at MA Raden Paku Wringinanom? (2) How is the local content curriculum implemented to shape religious behavior at MA Raden Paku Wringinanom? (3) What are the outcomes of the local content curriculum in fostering religious behavior at MA Raden Paku Wringinanom? The objectives of this study are to: (1) examine the planning of the local content curriculum, (2) explore the implementation process, and (3) analyze the outcomes in shaping religious behavior at MA Raden Paku Wringinanom. This research employs a qualitative method with descriptive analysis, utilizing an interactive model. The data analysis involves stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. After collecting and categorizing the data, the researcher provides an in-depth description before concluding the findings based on available sources. The results of this study are as follows: (1) The planning of the local content curriculum involves adherence to the School Work Plan (RKT) and the Madrasah Work Plan and Budget (RKAM) to define local content programs, select subjects, assign teachers, and determine learning resources and funding. (2) The implementation phase includes syllabus review, lesson plan (RPP) development, and assessment. (3) The outcomes of the local content curriculum include program-specific local content initiatives and the evaluation of student learning outcomes.
Table of Contents - Vol 46. No 1. April 2024
Authors: JIOM Nepal
Published: October 2024

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Meningokokkenvaccins veranderden tussen 2002 en 2023: de bijwerkingen ook?
Authors: Broeken Sofie , Somar Priya , Kalf Rachel , Boetzkes Sanne , Van Balveren Leontine
Published: October 2024

Sinds 2002 is de vaccinatie tegen meningokokken C opgenomen in het Rijksvaccinatieprogramma (RVP). Nadien hebben er een aantal wijzigingen rondom de vaccinatie tegen meningokokken plaatsgevonden: het meningokokken C-vaccin is vervangen door een meningokokken ACWY-vaccin, de doelgroep is uitgebreid naar kinderen van 14 jaar oud en recentelijk heeft er een merkwissel voor kinderen van 14 maanden plaatsgevonden. Het is belangrijk dat iedereen die met vaccins te maken krijgt erop kan vertrouwen dat bijwerkingen goed worden bewaakt en dat zo nodig tijdig actie wordt ondernomen. Bijwerkingencentrum Lareb is in Nederland het meld- en kenniscentrum voor bijwerkingen van geneesmiddelen, vaccins en andere gezondheidsproducten. Bij wijzigingen in het RVP monitort Lareb actief of deze wijzigingen hebben geleid tot een verandering in het bijwerkingenpatroon. Bij de veranderingen rondom de meningokokkenvaccinaties zijn hierbij de binnengekomen bijwerkingmeldingen en vragenlijstonderzoeken geanalyseerd. In 2019  gaven meldingen over lymfadenopathie, koortsstuipen en urticaria na vaccinatie met het meningokokken ACWY-vaccin Nimenrix* aanleiding om de associaties nader te onderzoeken en uit te werken tot een signalering. Deze signalering werd gedeeld met de belaste autoriteiten.  In 2023 is hier een signalering van allergieklachten bij 14-jarigen bij gekomen. De wijzigingen rondom de meningokokkenvaccinaties hebben niet tot nieuwe, verontrustende bijwerkingen geleid. Goede monitoring is onmisbaar bij het signaleren van mogelijk nieuwe bijwerkingen en bijwerkingspatronen.
PENERAPAN CLASSROOM ROUTINES DALAM AKTIFITAS BELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Napu Novriyanto , Hanafi Hanisah , Bouti Suleman , Abubakar Intan S. , Helidu Putri Amelia , Hasbullah Hasna , Mardjo Muhamad Hardiyanto Kiyai
Published: October 2024

Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di kelas kursus bahasa Inggris Transbahasa Gorontalo selama 1 hari. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan Classroom Routine kepada siswa. Subjek dari pengabdian ini adalah seluruh siswa yang mengikuti kursus bahasa inggris Transbahasa yang berjumlah 13 siswa dengan mayoritas di jenjang pendidikan Sekolah Dasar. Untuk memperoleh data peneliti menggunakan instrumen atau teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi, dan kuisioner. Setelah data terkumpul, peneliti mengadakan pengolahan dan analisis data dengan teknik analisis tematik. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa 75% siswa merasa rutinitas didalam kelas membantu dalam proses belajar.
Uso policial de sistemas de inteligencia artificial en el ámbito comparado
Authors: Torres López Leopoldo Salvador , Peralta Gutiérrez Alfonso
Published: October 2024

La utilización de la inteligencia artificial tiene cada vez más un importante papel en el ámbito policial y en la función de predecir tendencias criminales o elaborar mapas de potenciales áreas de tensión. Analizaremos el uso de la "policía predictiva" o software; de análisis para identificar posibles víctimas, prevenir delitos o resolver crímenes pasados. De igual manera, esta tecnología se está utilizando también en todo el mundo con fines analíticos en la escena del crimen para adecuar la investigación y aumentar la productividad de los recursos policiales, así como con fines de seguridad pública a través de videovigilancia y reconocimiento facial. No podemos olvidar algún uso experimental de la robótica en el ámbito policial. Todo esto se aborda en una revisión de las principales herramientas de inteligencia artificial policial que se están utilizando en el ámbito comparado en distintos países. Para terminar, concluimos con las ventajas y desventajas que presenta la irrupción de estas herramientas, así como los retos que plantea.
Problemas aplicativos del control de jornada y sus límites. El teletrabajo, la jornada flexible y el derecho a la desconexión
Authors: Molins García-Atance Juan
Published: October 2024

El registro de la jornada de trabajo pretende garantizar que los trabajadores cumplen la jornada pactada pero no la exceden, percibiendo la retribución correspondiente a todo el tiempo trabajado, lo que resulta esencial a efectos de la conciliación de la vida laboral, personal y familiar, así como a efectos de seguridad y salud en el trabajo. Su aplicación práctica está causando dudas interpretativas, en particular respecto de los teletrabajadores y los trabajadores con jornada flexible. Se trata de una cuestión que afecta también al derecho a la desconexión de los trabajadores.
La transparencia en el mercado de crédito y de inversión
Authors: Sastre Papiol Sebastián
Published: October 2024

Este estudio habla de la transparencia como un valor transversal que se proyecta en todos los ámbitos de la vida social a modo de instrumento interpretativo con valor constitucional que, frente a la negociación entre dos partes contratantes, les alcanza muy especialmente al ciudadano o al consumidor medio en la forma de contratación en masa por imposición del proponente (el Real Decreto Ley 1/2021, de 19 de enero, de protección de los consumidores y usuarios frente a situaciones de vulnerabilidad social y económica ha creado la figura del consumidor vulnerable con el objeto de reforzar, en las relaciones de consumo, la protección de las personas más vulnerables). La transparencia se extiende a todos los ámbitos de negocio y conlleva un proceso interpretativo y un control de la eficacia resultante de la vigente normativa que hoy son totalmente insuficientes. Por ello, el control procesal de las condiciones generales de la contratación y su tratamiento jurisprudencial —en especial, en el mercado del crédito— sobre productos y servicios financieros complejos han merecido una especial atención por parte de la Sala Primera del Tribunal Supremo, y sobre esto se habla principalmente en el presente estudio. Sin embargo, el mundo de los negocios exige transparencia y seguridad normativa en el mercado de inversión. Los órganos reguladores de nuestro país, el Banco de España y la Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores, juegan un papel prominente en la transparencia del mercado, tanto de crédito como de inversión. Atendiendo al cumplimiento de sus múltiples circulares y fijando criterios, sus respectivos servicios de atención al cliente y al inversor han descansado en la doctrina jurisprudencial nacional y europea, concretamente en las sentencias del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, las cuales han ido conformando un derecho de la Unión. Tampoco debemos olvidar la función notarial en su papel de tutela preventiva de la abusividad en la contratación seriada.
Los tipos de usura y sus requisitos
Authors: Medrano Sánchez Juan Ignacio
Published: October 2024

El rigor de los efectos de la nulidad por usura unido a las altísimas tasas de interés incluidas en la operativa revolving propician que los abogados ejerciten de manera principal la declaración del carácter usurario de esa forma de financiación. Pero adentrarse en la apreciación de la usura será hacerlo en una polémica sobre sus tipos y requisitos no menor que la relativa a la relación entre transparencia y abusividad, y además verdaderamente histórica. Asentada esta polémica en una defectuosa redacción de la norma, se debatirá en esta si la mera tasa de interés puede, por su carácter elevado, justificar su consideración de operación usuraria o si es necesario que concurra una circunstancia subjetiva en la persona del cliente que explique que se acepten esas tasas, todo ello con la intención de justificar que este sector del tráfico jurídico quede, por concepto, extramuros de la usura.
Las confluencias entre la usura y el control de transparencia en los préstamos a consumidores. Dificultades de derecho sustantivo y procesal
Authors: Arsuaga Cortázar José
Published: October 2024

El abordaje de la comercialización patológica del crédito al consumo, especialmente en su modalidad revolving o revolvente, no puede prescindir, además de la usura, del estudio de la contratación presidida por el uso de cláusulas predispuestas en un mercado en el que habitualmente los prestatarios o acreditados reúnen la condición de consumidores. Las confluencias entre ambos controles, incluso el tránsito entre uno (la usura) y otro (el control de las condiciones generales), permiten valorar las dificultades que, tanto en el ámbito sustantivo como en la esfera procesal, se suscitan en la práctica procesal diaria.
La violencia sexual en la pareja
Authors: Martín Nájera Pilar
Published: October 2024

El estudio de la respuesta legal y judicial frente a la violencia sexual recobra especial vigencia hoy y obliga a afrontar el debate de estos delitos desde la perspectiva de género, en cuanto los ataques a la libertad sexual afectan desproporcionadamente a las mujeres. El vigente concepto de violencia de género, instaurado en la Ley Orgánica 1/2004 y pendiente de ampliación, se limita al ámbito íntimo. Por ello, el primer problema es tratar de delimitar qué se entiende por relación de afectividad análoga al matrimonio y si tal concepto abarca los nuevos y variados formatos que presentan las relaciones, incluidas las que nacen y se desarrollan a través de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, especialmente entre adolescentes. Finalmente, se analizan algunas de las últimas sentencias del Tribunal Supremo que han ido fijando la difusa línea divisoria entre intimidación y prevalimiento, con especial referencia a la doctrina respecto a las agresiones sexuales dentro de la pareja.
Algunos problemas del proceso penal contra personas jurídicas
Authors: Moral García Antonio del
Published: October 2024

En la ponencia se efectúa un recorrido no exhaustivo por la problemática procesal que suscita la presencia de una persona jurídica investigada y, en su caso, acusada. Entre otros temas, se tratan los siguientes: forma de comparecencia; declaración; medidas cautelares; medidas de investigación y, en particular, la entrada y registro; proceso en rebeldía, presunción de inocencia y derecho a la última palabra.
Matrices y filiales en el lado pasivo de la demanda
Authors: Herrero Suárez Carmen
Published: October 2024

Una de las cuestiones más controvertidas en relación con la aplicación de las normas de competencia a empresas pluricorporativas es la eventual utilización del principio de unidad económica como vía de extensión de responsabilidad entre las distintas sociedades. Actualmente, asistimos a una nueva inquietud que valora la extensión de responsabilidad aguas abajo. Es decir, la posible legitimación pasiva de la filial para soportar el ejercicio de una acción follow on por una infracción cometida por su matriz y por la que ella no ha sido sancionada. La cuestión es objeto de un encendido debate doctrinal y judicial entre defensores de una responsabilidad del grupo como tal y posturas más apegadas a las categorías tradicionales de imputación de responsabilidad. El objeto de este trabajo es el examen de dicho debate y la valoración crítica de las diferentes posiciones y argumentos utilizados.
Contagio de COVID-19 en establecimientos abiertos al público. Imputación de responsabilidad y daño indemnizable
Authors: Ortega Atienza Rocío
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo analiza los aspectos más relevantes que se pueden plantear en una demanda de responsabilidad civil interpuesta por un particular que se ha contagiado de COVID-19 en un establecimiento abierto al público. Se parte de un enfoque amplio en el que se analizan los diferentes regímenes de responsabilidad existentes, la normativa que tener en cuenta y los diferentes elementos que hay que considerar para ver si el daño se puede o no imputar al establecimiento y a quién corresponde su prueba. También se exponen algunas cuestiones controvertidas, como las que plantea que una persona que ha padecido la enfermedad porque se la ha transmitido un cliente contagiado en un establecimiento pueda exigir responsabilidad a dicho establecimiento o el alcance de determinados daños.
Ciberseguridad en la labor judicial: cómo protegerme cuando estoy en el ciberespacio
Authors: Alonso Batuecas Francisco
Published: October 2024

El uso de los dispositivos electrónicos a día de hoy es algo habitual en nuestras relaciones tanto profesionales como personales. Todos los días debemos salir al ciberespacio para interactuar con máquinas y personas con las que compartimos información y multitud de datos, en la mayoría de las ocasiones sin ser conscientes de ello. Por esto, y por los riesgos que ello supone, debemos estar preparados y saber cómo realizar esas interacciones de la forma más segura posible.En esta ponencia intentaré exponer el factor amenazante de ese ciberespacio y mostraré consejos y buenas prácticas en el uso que hacemos de él mediante las distintas herramientas con las que contamos: ordenadores, programas, dispositivos móviles y redes de comunicaciones.
Introducción a la contratación digital
Authors: González de Audicana Zorraquino Francisco
Published: October 2024

Se trata de una síntesis de los conceptos relacionados con la contratación digital, abarcando tanto sus principios como el momento de la perfección y el lugar de celebración del contrato electrónico, lo que derivará en el tribunal competente para el conocimiento del asunto y el derecho aplicable. También se analizarán los sujetos intervinientes en la contratación electrónica, así como la eficacia jurídica de la firma electrónica y su valor probatorio.