bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oleo-furan surfactants as fully biorenewable, carcinogen-free drop-in replacements for commercial anionic surfactants
Authors:   Sironix Renewables, Eady Shawn
Published: November 2022

Surfactants are versatile and ubiquitous chemical compounds that find application in everything from laundry detergents to pharmaceuticals. Commercial production of anionic surfactants, which provide the foaming and soil removal properties consumers have come to enjoy in their cleaning and personal care products, is at the highest production volumes focused on several surfactants. These include the petrochemical-derived surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), as well as the partially biorenewable surfactant sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) which has recently been the target of regulations due to the carcinogenic byproduct 1,4-dioxane. Oleo-furan sulfonate surfactants developed by Sironix Renewables provide a fully biorenewable anionic surfactant alternative without the carcinogenic byproducts, with performance in application testing which rivals or exceeds that of LAS and SLES, particularly in challenging application conditions such as with hard water. Recent developments in Sironix’s research have identified unique and finely-tuned surfactant structures that provide a combination of desired properties with application across a wide range of applications, including exhibiting superior foaming compared to LAS or SLES with a less irritating effect on the skin. Oleo-furan surfactants have exceptional solubility, allowing for formulation of more concentrated consumer products; the surfactants can also be produced and shipped in powder form, allowing for reduced fuel use during transportation and a resulting decrease in product cost and lifecycle carbon emissions. Herein, we provide an overview of the properties for oleo-furan surfactants with comparison to commercial anionic surfactants and take a closer look at how costs and carbon emissions can be reduced by their substitution. We also discuss ongoing research at Sironix to produce oleo-furan surfactants from domestic and abundant biomass sources, including sources that are non-food competitive and those derived from agricultural waste.
Immobilized lipase in the synthesis of high purity medium chain diacylglycerols using a bubble column reactor: Characterization and application
Authors:   Jinan University, Chen Jiazi
Published: November 2022

Novozym® 435, an immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica B. (CALB), was used as a biocatalyst for the synthesis of high purity medium chain diacylglycerol (MCD) in a bubble column reactor. In this work, the properties of the MCD produced were characterized followed by determining its practical application as an emulsifier in water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion. Two types of MCDs, namely, dicaprylin (C8-DAG) and dicaprin (C10-DAG), were prepared through enzymatic esterification using the following conditions: 5% Novozym® 435, 2.5% deionized water, 60 °C for 30 min followed by purification. A single-step molecular distillation (MD) (100–140 °C, 0.1 Pa, 300 rpm) was performed and comparison was made to that of a double-step purification with MD followed by silica gel column chromatography technique (MD + SGCC). Crude C8-DAG and C10-DAG with DAG concentration of 41% and 44%, respectively, were obtained via the immobilized enzyme catalyzing reaction. Post purification via MD, the concentrations of C8-DAG and C10-DAG were increased to 80% and 83%, respectively. Both MCDs had purity of 99% after the MD + SGCC purification step. Although Novozym® 435 is a non-specific lipase, higher ratios of 1,3-DAG to 1,2-DAG were acquired. Via MD, the ratios of 1,3-DAG to 1,2-DAG in C8-DAG and C10-DAG were 5.8:1 and 7.3:1, respectively. MCDs that were purified using MD + SGCC were found to contain 1,3-DAG to 1,2-DAG ratios of 8.8:1 and 9.8:1 in C8-DAG and C10-DAG, respectively. The crystallization and melting peaks were shifted to higher temperature regions as the purity of the MCD was increased. Dense needle-like crystals were observed in MCDs with high purity. Addition of 5% C8-DAG and C10-DAG as emulsifier together in the presence of 9% of hydrogenated soybean oil produced stable W/O emulsion with particle size of 18 mm and 10 mm, respectively.
Validation of the Attitudes Towards Psychological Online Interventions Questionnaire Among Black Americans: Cross-cultural Confirmatory Factor Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Ellis Donovan Michael , Anderson Page Lyn
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

Acceptability of digital mental health interventions is a significant predictor of treatment-seeking behavior and engagement. However, acceptability has been conceptualized and operationalized in various ways, which decreases measurement precision and leads to heterogeneous conclusions about acceptability. Standardized self-report measures of acceptability have been developed, which have the potential to ameliorate these problems, but none have demonstrated evidence for validation among Black communities, which limits our understanding of attitudes toward these interventions among racially minoritized groups with well-documented barriers to mental health treatment.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the psychometric validity and reliability of one of the first and most widely used measures of acceptability, the Attitudes Towards Psychological Online Interventions Questionnaire, among a Black American sample.

METHODS

Participants (N=254) were recruited from a large southeastern university and the surrounding metropolitan area and completed the self-report measure via a web-based survey. A confirmatory factor analysis using mean and variance adjusted weighted least squares estimation was conducted to examine the validity of the underlying hierarchical 4-factor structure proposed by the original authors of the scale. An alternative, hierarchical 2-factor structure model and bifactor model were examined for comparative fit.

RESULTS

The findings indicated that the bifactor model demonstrated a superior fit (comparative fit index=0.96, Tucker-Lewis index=0.94, standardized root mean squared residual=0.03, and root mean square error of approximation=0.09) compared with both 2- and 4-factor hierarchical structure models.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings suggest that, within a Black American sample, there may be greater utility in interpreting the Attitudes Towards Psychological Online Interventions Questionnaire subscales as attitudinal constructs that are distinct from the global acceptability factor. The theoretical and practical implications for culturally responsive measurements were explored.
Development and Validation of a Lifetime Risk Model for Kidney Failure and Treatment Benefit in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Østergaard Helena Bleken , Read Stephanie H. , Sattar Naveed , Franzén Stefan , Halbesma Nynke , Dorresteijn Jannick A.N. , Westerink Jan , Visseren Frank L.J. , Wild Sarah H. , Eliasson Björn , van der Leeuw Joep
Published: November 2022

Background and objectives

Individuals with type 2 diabetes are at a higher risk of developing kidney failure. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a decision support tool for estimating 10-year and lifetime risks of kidney failure in individuals with type 2 diabetes as well as estimating individual treatment effects of preventive medication.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

The prediction algorithm was developed in 707,077 individuals with prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes from the Swedish National Diabetes Register for 2002–2019. Two Cox proportional regression functions for kidney failure (first occurrence of kidney transplantation, long-term dialysis, or persistent eGFR <15 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and all-cause mortality as respective end points were developed using routinely available predictors. These functions were combined into life tables to calculate the predicted survival without kidney failure while using all-cause mortality as the competing outcome. The model was externally validated in 256,265 individuals with incident type 2 diabetes from the Scottish Care Information Diabetes database between 2004 and 2019.

Results

During a median follow-up of 6.8 years (interquartile range, 3.2–10.6), 8004 (1%) individuals with type 2 diabetes in the Swedish National Diabetes Register cohort developed kidney failure, and 202,078 (29%) died. The model performed well, with c statistics for kidney failure of 0.89 (95% confidence interval, 0.88 to 0.90) for internal validation and 0.74 (95% confidence interval, 0.73 to 0.76) for external validation. Calibration plots showed good agreement in observed versus predicted 10-year risk of kidney failure for both internal and external validation.

Conclusions

This study derived and externally validated a prediction tool for estimating 10-year and lifetime risks of kidney failure as well as life years free of kidney failure gained with preventive treatment in individuals with type 2 diabetes using easily available clinical predictors.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2022_11_04_CJN05020422.mp3.
Restrictions on the Trade in Cultural Goods
Authors: Bonifacio Ramos Jose Luis
Published: November 2022

Restrictions on the trade in cultural goods are of particular importance, constituting a special legal regime focussed to protect the Culture and Memory, aspects that have gained special importance nowadays. The present study intends to focus, above all, on the export, import and restitution of cultural goods, in the light of domestic law, but also under the terms of International Conventions, UNESCO and UNIDROIT, as well as European Directives.
Institutions and Economic Growth: Evidence from Ecowas
Authors: O’brin Bini Debordjo Marie , Luo Xiaoiao
Published: November 2022

This study examines institutions and economic growth: evidence from ECOWAS for 2000-2018. We use eight alternative variables to evaluate institutions and economic growth: gross domestic product, gross fixed capital formation, population growth, and foreign direct investment, control of corruption, government effectiveness, political stability & absence of violence/terrorism, and rule and law. Then, we adopted the combined OLS model, the fixed effects model, the random effects model, the difference-GMM, and the system-GMM model. The results show that different measures of institutional indicators significantly impact the economic growth of ECOWAS. However, the institution’s quality has nothing to do with the financial results expected by ECOWAS. In most cases, foreign direct investment, gross fixed capital formation, and population growth positively impact the economic development of ECOWAS, while political stability, rule and law, control of corruption, and effectiveness of government harm the economic growth of ECOWAS. Therefore, decision-makers and competent authorities should reduce the organization’s quality through appropriate development strategies such as derivatives.
Frankenstein’s Revenge: Hegemony of Post-Human Spectacles in Golden Fleece
Authors: Li Yanling
Published: November 2022

The rapid development of image media today has been reinforcing what Guy Debord argued as society of spectacle. Ubiquitous visual advertising marks that spectacle has invaded diverse aspects of today’s life. The alienated labor relations proposed by Marx are once again simulated into a pseudo-desire structure guided by consumption symbols. Robert J. Sawyer’s Golden Fleece is even set in a post-human world where a society of spectacle has achieved its full maturity. Seeing from Guy Debord’s theory of spectacle society, this paper analyzes how spectacle seizes hegemony over human in future post-human world by means of coercive monologues and history-denying. Moreover, this paper further liberates science fiction from the anthropocentric perspective and discusses the identity of artificial intelligence in post-human era.
Predictors of HIV Screening among Florida Students: An Application of Multilevel Logistic Regression
Authors: Ogbu, M.D., MPH Chukwuemeka , Ahaiwe, MD MPH Onyekachi , Kim, PhD Eun Sook
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To explore the predictors of Human Immune Virus (HIV) screening among Florida high school students using a multilevel logical regression.Methods: We used data of 5,394 high school students in grade level 8 to 12 from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) 2019. In addition to univariate analysis, multilevel logistic regression models were used to examine the association of selected predictors and HIV screening. Results: Students aged 17 years and above were more likely to test for HIV than students 16 years or less (OR=1.928, 95% CI 1.413 – 2.630). Compared to students who did not have A’s or B’s, students who had A’s and B’s were 47% less likely to screen for HIV (OR =0.530, 95% CI 0.381 - 0.736). Discussing HIV with adults and parents (OR= 1.417, 95% CI 1.029 -1.952) and healthcare experts (OR=3.923, 95% CI 2.838 -5.423) was associated with increased odds of screening. Conclusions: Multilevel approaches to examine HIV screening predictors have tremendous potential to provide more insight into class level factors that influence public health programs. This is important especially in situations where there may not be enough state or departmental funding to implement a comprehensive screening program.
Production of urban land use: The action of social and economic agents in the Island of the Santa Catarina/Brazil
Authors: Romanini Anicoli
Published: November 2022

In order to understand the structure of urban space, it is first necessary to identify the processes that originated its spatial structure and the patterns they produce from it. Conzen (2009) emphasizes that the spatial patterns characteristic of a city are determined by the land use and by the types of constructions. Therefore, based on the unequal nature of urban growth, we intend to present in this research, the changes that occurred in urban land use that bordered the axis of SC 401 and SC 404 from the 2000s, as a response to economic cycles during that period in Florianópolis, a city located in the South of Brazil. Since the 1970s, the State of Santa Catarina Island has presented a series of public investments that have been determining the consequent and excessive capacity of valorization of urban land to the present day. The implantation of these investments directly reflects the production of the urban space, from the moment its location promotes changes in the morphological structure of the city, modifying the physical or built form, the interdependence of the plan, the urban fabric and the use of the soil, through action of the social and economic agents that shape and/or transform it.
Safety and effectiveness of intranasal esketamine for treatment-resistant depression: a real-world retrospective study
Authors: Brendle Madeline , Ahuja Sachin , Valle Maisa Della , Moore Claire , Thielking Paul , Malone Daniel C , Robison Reid
Published: November 2022

Aim:
There is limited real-world evidence for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) receiving esketamine nasal spray.
Methods:
This retrospective cohort study used data collected from a psychiatric clinic's EHR system.
Results:
A total of 171 TRD patients received esketamine July 2019–June 2021. This predominantly female, white population had several mental health comorbidities and high exposure to psychiatric medications. We observed significant reductions (p < 0.001) in average PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores from baseline (PHQ-9: mean: 16.7; SD: 5.8; GAD-7: mean: 12.0; SD: 5.8) to last available treatment (PHQ-9: mean: 12.0; SD: 6.4; GAD-7: mean: 8.7; SD: 5.6). There were no reports of serious adverse events.
Conclusion:
This study found a significant disease burden for patients with TRD. Esketamine appears to be well tolerated and effective in improving depression and anxiety.
La eficiencia del servicio de mensajería instantánea: una experiencia en BiDi UNAM durante la pandemia
Authors: Ortiz Ancona Dante
Published: November 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es comparar la eficiencia de los diferentes servicios de ayuda, disponibles para usuarios del portal de Biblioteca Digital UNAM (BiDi UNAM), para el acceso a las colecciones digitales y destacar la utilidad de la mensajería instantánea (charla o chat). Este caso de estudio se desarrolla mediante la comparación contrastiva de ventajas y desventajas de los cuatro servicios ofrecidos por personal de BiDi UNAM para brindar orientación a los usuarios que necesitan acceder a las colecciones digitales de BiDi UNAM. El procedimiento fue analizar los servicios de ayuda ofrecidos a usuarios mediante apoyo presencial, teléfono, correo electrónico (email) y chat durante los años 2020 y 2021. Se describen los cuatro servicios a través de un cuadro comparativo de ventajas y desventajas, cantidad de usuarios atendidos en cada servicio durante estos años; y, las preferencias de uso de servicios por parte de los usuarios. Se determina que el servicio de chat es el más eficiente y se obtiene el orden de importancia y eficiencia de los cuatro servicios comparados.
La participación femenina en la educación bibliotecológica en México (1916-1918)
Authors: Estudillo García Joel
Published: November 2022

A través del presente trabajo se hará un recorrido de las circunstancias que enfrentaron las mujeres en las primeras décadas del siglo XX para incorporarse a una profesión, en un tiempo y espacio, donde se presentaban pocas oportunidades para ellas, y se creaban escuelas exclusivas para hombres y mujeres a efecto de recibir instrucción educativa de acuerdo con su género. La Escuela Nacional de Bibliotecarios y Archiveros (ENBA) abrió sus puertas para hombres y mujeres que laboraban en bibliotecas y archivos que dependían de la Secretaría de Instrucción Pública y Bellas Artes abriendo una ventana a bibliotecarios empíricos, al conocimiento bibliotecológico formal, ya desarrollado en otros países, que hacen de la bibliotecología una disciplina con sus propios teóricos y una metodología de aplicación y operación.La invitación para que asistieran a esta escuela se hizo por igual a hombres y mujeres a fin de recibir instrucción en un mismo espacio, que fue la Biblioteca Nacional; también se hizo extensiva la convocatoria a dependencias educativas y al público en general que cumpliera con los requisitos.
Association Between Knowledge of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Clinical Severity in Women
Authors: Rodríguez-Esquivel Laura A. , Martini-Blanquel Haydee A. , Durán-Rafael Yenny
Published: November 2022

Objective: to determine the association between knowledge about chronic venous insufficiency and clinic severity in women attending a family medicine unit. Methods: cross-sectional and analytical study in 280 women with chronic venous insufficiency. The instrument Chronic Venous Insufficiency Knowledge, which evaluates theoretical knowledge about the disease, was applied. The clinical severity of the disease was determined by means of the Venous Clinical Severity Score instrument, which independently measures clinical manifestations of the disease. Spearman’s rho coefficient was used to assess the correlation between the degree of knowledge and clinical severity. Results: the overall assessment of knowledge of chronic venous insufficiency placed most of the participants at a low level (68%). A strong negative correlation was found between knowledge-presence of pain (Spearman’s rho coefficient of -0.611, p=0.000) and knowledge-presence of venous edema (Spearman’s rho coefficient of -0.648, p=0.000). When analyzing the correlation between knowledge and the presence of varicose veins, a moderate correlation was reported (Spearman’s rho coefficient -0.450, p=0.000), as well as with skin pigmentation (Spearman’s rho coefficient -0.464, p=0.000). The rest of the clinical severity topics reported a low correlation. Conclusions: low knowledge of chronic venous insufficiency is a risk factor for the severity of the disease. Therefore, it is vital to consider the implementation of educational strategies aimed at patients to improve knowledge and thus prevent disease progression.
Frecuencia de experiencias infantiles adversas y fortalezas familiares en adultos jóvenes con hipertensión y su relación con síntomas depresivos y el riesgo metabólico
Authors: Morán-Ramírez David , Michel-Núñez Karla , Ibarra-Rojas Lucero , Gutiérrez-Castellanos Sergio , Gómez-García Anel , Lajud Naima
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: evaluar la frecuencia de experiencias infantiles adversas y fortalezas familiares en la niñez, en adultos jóvenes con hipertensión y su relación con depresión y riesgo cardiometabólico. Método: estudio transversal comparativo. Participaron 133 adultos jóvenes (con hipertensión: n=60 y control: n=73) adscritos a una unidad de medicina familiar del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Se utilizó el cuestionario de experiencias infantiles adversas, de fortalezas familiares en la niñez y el Inventario de Depresión de Beck. Se determinaron los niveles de glucosa en ayunas, el índice de masa corporal y presión arterial. Resultados: ambos grupos mostraron frecuencias similares de experiencias infantiles adversas (con hipertensión: 90%, control: 89%) y fortalezas familiares protectoras en la niñez (con hipertensión: 80%, control: 76.7%). Sin embargo, el abuso de sustancias en el hogar fue mayor en los adultos jóvenes con hipertensión (con hipertensión: 63%, control: 41%, p < 0.05). El modelo de regresión logística aplicado a la muestra no reportó experiencias infantiles adversas y la falta de fortalezas familiares (p <0.001) predicen depresión en ambos grupos. Conclusiones: la frecuencia de experiencias infantiles adversas en la población estudiada es mayor que la reportada en el resto de América Latina, éstas son fuertes predictores de depresión, pero no de riesgo cardiometabólico.
Carbon Dioxide: Capture, Sequestration, Compressor and Power Cycle
Authors: Yadav Siddharth
Published: November 2022

Abstract: With an aim to reduce the effect of climate change, it is necessary to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions significantly. Energy industry is one of the largest contributors for the same. Even though the usage of energy from renewable sources is increasing rapidly, the dependency for energy on conventional fossil fuels, such as coal or crude oil, will to remain relatively high for following few decades. One of the ways to curb the carbon footprint is implementation of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology, where carbon dioxide (CO2) is captured from the atmosphere and stored for long-term in an empty gas or oil fields. CCS is an important component of the low-carbon based technologies which may help us meet the reduced CO2 emission targets
A Study on Analysis of Malware in Android Applications
Authors: Singh Veeraj R , S P Sharmila , Chaudhari Narendra S
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Malware is still a big problem around the world, but the nature of malware is changing. Malware is described as any malicious program designed to cause havoc or mischief in a computer system. the malware landscape changes every year, although long-term trends can be identified in year-on-year data reports. Despite numerous anti-malware measures, cybercriminals and hackers do not give up quickly, especially not when there is money to be made in malware. This study emphasizes the need to study malware and its effect on android applications. The primary objective is to infect an android application with malware and study the structural modifications that occur in the apk. This can be achievable by using Metasploit which is a frame work in Kali Linux. The structural changes are analyzed by an application called Virus Total. This study will help in preventing malware attacks and also bring awareness among users on malware.
Knowledge Level of Farmers and the Importance of Coffee Seedling Attributes and Accessibilities in Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Fithriyyah Dina , Wulandari Eliana , Sendjaja Tuhpawana P.
Published: November 2022

Bandung Regency is one of the main Arabica coffee plant development centers in West Java, especially in Pangalengan District. The problem of Arabicacoffee farming is that the seedlings used not from recommended seed gardens, which may affect coffee productivity in the future. There are several factors thatinfluence farmers in the selection of coffee seedlings, including the knowledge of farmers on the attributes of coffee seedlings, and the importance of the attributes. The purpose of this study were 1) analyzing farmers’perception on the importance of different coffee seedlings attributes; 2) analyzing farmers’ knowledge of the seedlings attributes in each coffee variety; 3) analyzing the level of suitability and gap of the attributes of Arabica coffee seedling and the position of various categories of attributes and seedling accessibility in the concept of priority. The research method used quantitative approach from 77 coffee farmers. The data was analysed using descriptive analysis, Importance Performance Analysis and Cartesian diagrams. The results show that in general all the coffee attributes and seedlings accessibility evaluated had a positive score and very important for farmers. Furthermore, the farmers’ knowledge on the attributes and seedlings accessibility was variaed. Farmers have good knowledge on seedlings size, productive age, productivity, fertilizer use efficiency, seedling price, and ease of obtaining seedling attributes. There is an unsuitability and gap between the important and knowledge level of farmers about coffee attributes and seedlings accessibility.
PRODUCTION OF SOLAR CELLS AND ESTIMATION OF ITS ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS FROM ITS EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: Botero Londoño Mónica Andrea , Vargas Torres Hermann Raul , Calderón Triana Clara Lilia
Published: November 2022

In this work, solar cells with Mo/CuInSe2/CdS/n+–ZnO structure were deposited and experimentally characterized by the I-V curve. From these results, the electrical parameters were estimated fitting, theoretically, the curve to determine the most important variables. The estimation was carriedout using the single and double diode models and comparing the curve that best fits. The estimated variables were photogenerated current (Iph), dark current of the diode (Is), series resistance (Rs), shunt resistance (Rp) and diode ideality factors (a1 and a2) according to each model of circuit taken for optimization. The adjustment of the current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) curves achieved with the double diodemodel indicates that in the manufactured solar cells, interfacial states are present in the p-n junction, which decreases the efficiency of the device.
METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL TO ASSESS THE VULNERABILITY OF SOILS TO SALINIZATION IN FLAT AREA IRRIGATION DISTRICTS
Authors: Echeverri Sánchez Andrés
Published: November 2022

Soil salinization is one of the main constraints for food production. These processes occur mainly in irrigated areas, due to natural conditions and inadequate fertilization and irrigation practices. The objective of this article was to generate a model to identify and spatialize the levels of vulnerability to soluble phase salinization in the irrigation districts of Colombia as a complementary tool for the management of soil salinization risk. Two tools were integrated to achieve the objective. On the one hand, the multi-criteriaanalysis method called Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to assign weights to the analysis parameters and build the Soil Vulnerability to Salinization Index (SVSS), and on the other hand, geographic information systems (GIS) were applied to spatialize the analysis parameters and the SVSS, as well as to define the homogeneous vulnerability zones. Finally, the model was applied to a case study. The resulting model considered vulnerability parameters. The most important are Aridity Index, Soil Texture and Fertilization Practices. On a second level are Drainage Infrastructure and Depth of the Water Level. Other factors considered were Slope of the land, Irrigation Water Application Efficiency and Irrigation Water Distribution Pattern. In the case study it was found that 71.8 % of the territory presents Medium Vulnerability and 27.9 % High Vulnerability. The determining parameters of these results were the low efficiencies of irrigation water application, inadequate fertilization practices, clayey textures and lack of subsurface drainage systems.
EVALUACIÓN DE AMENAZA POR SEQUÍA EN EL DEPARTAMENTO DE CÓRDOBA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Zabaleta Ortega Álvaro José , Nobles Orozco Eglendis , Mercado Fernández Teobaldis , Díaz Carvajal Ángel
Published: November 2022

La escasez hídrica en zonas con precipitaciones abundantes a causa de sequías resulta ser, en cierto sentido, contradictorio; sin embargo, los efectos de dicha situación pueden llegar a tener consecuencias dramáticas en la productividad y desarrollo de las comunidades. Este trabajo evaluó la amenaza por sequía en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia, mediante el Índice Estandarizado de Precipitación (SPI), para un escenario crítico definido por las intensidades máximas de eventos con ocurrencia de dos años de retorno, utilizando la información de 40 estaciones meteorológicas; evaluando el SPI a escalas de 3 y 6 meses y caracterizando dicho índice en términos de intensidad, duración, frecuencia y magnitud. Los resultadosmuestran la ocurrencia de sequías de intensidad moderada, con frecuencia de 58 % y 56 % a escala trimestral y semestral respectivamente, resultando en amenaza por sequía en categorías media y alta para algunas zonas del departamento; lo cual indica que, si bien sobre la zona de estudio se registran abundantes precipitaciones, se puede presentar escasez del recurso en el largo plazo provocado por sequías.
EVALUATION OF FAULTS IN THE SQUIRREL CAGE THREE-PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS
Authors: Maestre-Cambronel Daniel , Rojas Jhan Piero , Duarte-Forero Jorge
Published: November 2022

Induction motors have played a central role in the techno-economic development of modern industries and electric power generation. However, the presence of recurring failures hinders a cost-effective performance and leads to catastrophic damage. Therefore, the present study proposed an assessment to investigate the influence of two types of failures in induction motors, namely failure due to broken bars in the rotor and defects in the connection between the rotor bars and the end ring. Accordingly, a three-phase induction motor was evaluated under different failure conditions that modified the operational torque and rotational speed. The results indicated that both types of failures magnify both the core and copper power losses by up to 13.3 % and 8 %, respectively, compared to the healthy condition. On the other hand, an efficiency reductionbetween 1.94 % to 3.41 % is an indication of failure progression. Finally, the appearance of harmonics 3 and 7, and the intensified magnitude of harmonic 5, represent a clear sign of failure occurrence related to rotor barsand defects in the connection to the end ring. In conclusion, the proposed methodology proved to be an adequate tool to predict failure appearance, which has a direct impact on extending the lifetime of induction motors.
Factores determinantes para la adopción del marketing digital en pymes: un estudio exploratorio
Authors: Bermeo Giraldo Maria Camila , Guisado Gómez Sebastián , Valencia-Arias Alejandro
Published: November 2022

La consolidación del marketing digital como un medio efectivo de comunicación ha promovido la integración de tecnologías en la recopilación de datos masivos de los clientes valiosos para las organizaciones en la toma de decisiones. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar los factores que influyen en la aceptación del marketing digital en las pymes de Medellín, Colombia. La metodología plantea un ejercicio de tipo no experimental, transversal, con un alcance descriptivo y un enfoque cuantitativo mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario a ciento viente pymes pertenecientes al sector industrial y de servicio. Los hallazgos indican que los factores que influyen en la aceptación del marketing digital en pymes son las ventajas percibidas frente al uso de marketing digital, aceptación de este como medio de comunicación con el cliente y la experiencia de uso percibida. También se identificó que este segmento empresarial utiliza mayoritariamente las redes sociales y el marketing por correo electrónico como herramientas de marketing digital para tener un acercamiento con sus clientes.
Energía solar fotovoltaica en instituciones educativas: caso de estudio ITM campus Robledo
Authors: Aristizábal Carlos E. , González Jose L.
Published: November 2022

EEl trabajo muestra un análisis técnico, ambiental y económico de la integración de tecnología solar fotovoltaicacon la red interconectada que le suministra energía eléctrica en la actualidad al Instituto TecnológicoMetropolitano campus Robledo (ITM), para el periodo 2015-2019. Se consideran tres escenarios: 80.000,100.000 y 120.000 kWh de demanda mensual cubierta con esta fuente renovable. Para la instalación seitulizaron módulos solares policristalinos que evitan la emisión de CO2. Para el sistema de 80.000 kWh/mes se logra una reducción del 75,79 % de las emisiones de gases efecto invernadero asociadas al consumo de electricidad del Sistema Interconectado Nacional. Con 100.000 kWh/mes, se alcanza una reducción del 95,41 % y con 120.000 kWh/mes, una del 95,58 %. En términos económicos, se calcula el indicador financiero TIR (Tasa Interna de Retorno), para un horizonte de tiempo de cinco años y considerando los ahorros en la compra de energía eléctrica como ingresos. El mejor escenario sería el de 100.000 kWh/mes, ya que este presenta la TIR más alta, inversión inicial, costos de instalación y mantenimiento más bajos, mientras que el de los 120.000 kWh/mes presenta una TIR menor y costos operativos más altos.
O QUE AS CRIANÇAS DIZEM SOBRE O APRENDER?
Authors: Dutra Tauana Da Rosa , Olegário Fabiane
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo resulta de uma investigação realizada no curso de Pedagogia da Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, em Lajeado/RS. Tal análise objetivou compreender o que as crianças dizem sobre o aprender. Como guia teórico-prático, deleita-se sobre a ideia de transver de Barros (2008) para pensar em outras possibilidades para o aprender, além daquelas a que estamos habituados, em nosso cotidiano. Em companhia de Barros (2008), a pesquisa contou com os estudos de Larrosa e Rechia (2018). No que tange à metodologia, a pesquisa utilizou a cartografia (PASSOS; BARROS, 2009), e como procedimento metodológico foi utilizado o diário de campo, a fim de registrar os passos da pesquisa e os três encontros com crianças em idade escolar. Ao final da pesquisa, pode-se afirmar que há muitas perspectivas sobre o aprender através da ótica das crianças, que em sua maioria estão vinculadas à escola.
PORTUGUÊS PARA FILHOS DE IMIGRANTES: EXPERIÊNCIAS E INTERVENÇÕES PEDAGÓGICAS
Authors: Hammes Itamar Luís , Brust Isolde Maria Villa
Published: November 2022

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa desenvolvida na Pós-graduação em Anos Finais do Instituto Federal Sul-rio-grandense (IFSUL), Câmpus Lajeado, entre os anos de 2019 e 2020. Tem como objetivo principal contribuir no debate sobre o ensino da língua portuguesa aos alunos estrangeiros que frequentam nossas escolas, tendo como espaço de pesquisa e intervenção a Escola Estadual Fernandes Vieira. Assim, estudou-se a realidade das imigrações e as práticas pedagógicas usadas em sala de aula. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada é caracterizada como qualitativa pesquisa-ação ou mesmo intervenção, na qual o pesquisador procura diagnosticar um problema e interferir nele. Embora a pesquisadora seja professora da escola, desenvolvendo diversas intervenções com o objetivo de ensinar a língua portuguesa, o lócus da pesquisa é o planejamento, aplicação e avaliação de um plano de aula no componente curricular Língua Portuguesa para os alunos do 8ª ano, turno vespertino do ensino fundamental. A base teórica quanto ao ensino da língua é diversa nas ciências humanas. No caso, adotou-se o conceito mais amplo de Educação em Paulo Freire, as investigações de Menga Lüdke e o conceito de professor reflexivo de Schön (1983), especialmente no que contribuem para a analisar a própria prática pedagógica como um processo de reflexão constante na vida do professor. Os resultados obtidos foram positivos, pois aos poucos, os alunos estrangeiros se expressavam em português, além de interagirem com os colegas brasileiros.
FEMINISMOS NEGROS: RESISTÊNCIAS, ATIVISMOS E EFETIVAÇÃO DE DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Sales de Almeida Ceila
Published: November 2022

O Brasil, juridicamente, se consolida como um Estado Democrático de Direito, cujo fundamento principal é a dignidade da pessoa humana. Apesar da supremacia da Constituição, e seu caráter valorativo e garantista, na realidade, a sociedade brasileira é recortada por desigualdades e negações de direitos, a determinados grupos e coletividades. Dentro desse contexto, a trajetória das mulheres negras em nosso país, foi forjada, a partir das interseccionalidades das opressões racistas e patriarcais. Essa, entretanto, não é uma história apenas de opressões, mas, de lutas e resistências. O presente artigo aborda a trajetória de lutas e resistências dos feminismos negros no Brasil, e sua importância para a efetivação de direitos fundamentais. A metodologia utilizada é a pesquisa bibliográfica afrorreferenciada. Como objetivos específicos, o estudo analisa a trajetória de luta das mulheres negras, no período da luta quilombola e abolicionista. Aborda ainda, as trajetórias de lutas nos pós-abolição formal, a partir da imbricação nas lutas dos movimentos negros e feministas. E por fim, aborda a consolidação do feminismo negro, a partir da luta por identidade e diferença, e a importância dessas lutas para a efetivação de direitos fundamentais, e enfrentamento ao racismo e sexismo no Brasil.
Stochastic Convex Optimization for Optimal Power Factor Correction in Microgrids with Photovoltaic Generation
Authors: Casilimas Peña Alexander , Montoya Oscar Danilo , Garcés Ruiz Alejandro , Ángeles Camacho César
Published: November 2022

This research focused on the development of a methodology for calculating the optimal power factor (OPF) in microgrids with the photovoltaic generation, in order to use solar inverters as reactive compensators, which will change their power factor according to the needs of the load. The developed methodology proposes a convex optimization model with multiple constraints to solve the OPF problem. Wirtinger's linearization in the power balance equation was implemented. The stochastic behavior of solar radiation was considered using the average sampling approach (ASA) to generate solar scenarios, which are used to calculate the magnitude of the generation of photovoltaic systems for specific hours of the day. Finally, the algorithm was run on CIGRE's 19-node test grid. The proposed methodology showed that as the radiation level increases during the day, more radiation scenarios can be tested, which increases the accuracy of the power factor value for each PV system. Although the general idea in power systems is to have a unity power factor, the algorithm resulted in power factors with values less than one in some inverters. This represents an injection of reactive power from the inverters to meet the reactive needs of the loads connected close to said PV generators, which is reflected in a variation in the magnitude of the power factor.
Aplicación foliar de extracto de algas y fertilizantes en pimiento (Capsicum annuum)
Authors: Salazar-Salazar Werner , Monge-Pérez José Eladio , Loría-Coto Michelle
Published: November 2022

Introducción: Los extractos de algas marinas tienen actividad bioestimulante que mejoran el crecimiento y rendimiento en muchos cultivos, y pueden mejorar la absorción de minerales. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la aplicación foliar de extracto de algas y fertilizantes (tratamientos: extracto de algas (A); fertilizantes (FF); extracto de algas+fertilizantes (A+FF); y testigo-T) sobre el rendimiento y calidad del pimiento cultivado bajo invernadero. Métodos: El cultivo se manejó en sustrato de fibra de coco y con fertirrigación. Las variables evaluadas fueron: número de frutos por planta, peso del fruto (g), rendimiento (ton/ha), porcentaje de sólidos solubles totales (°Brix), contenido de clorofila (atLEAF), área foliar (cm2), peso seco foliar (g), peso específico foliar (mg/cm2), altura de planta (cm), y diámetro de tallo (mm). Los tratamientos se aplicaron a partir de los 14 días después del trasplante (ddt), y se realizaron en forma semanal hasta el final del ensayo (154 ddt). Resultados: Los tratamientos A y A+FF produjeron una cantidad superior de frutos comerciales y totales por planta, y un rendimiento comercial y total superior, en comparación con FF y T. El tratamiento A+FF produjo frutos con mayor peso, en comparación con T, tanto a nivel comercial como total. No se hallaron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos para las siguientes variables:  área foliar, peso seco foliar, peso específico foliar, altura de planta y diámetro de tallo. Conclusión: El uso del extracto de algas (A) produjo el mayor rendimiento total y comercial al menor costo, por lo que se recomienda su uso; además, la aplicación de fertilizantes foliares (FF) no mejoró ni el rendimiento ni la calidad en el cultivo de pimiento, bajo las condiciones del ensayo.
The Amazon sailfin catfish Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus x pardalis (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) in Panamá
Authors: González Gutiérrez Rigoberto
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Despite having a rich and diverse native freshwater fish fauna, exotic species have been introduced to Panama since the 20th century. Objective: To report its presence in the fresh waters of Panama of a newly recorded exotic fish. Methods: Specimens were caught with gillnet in Gatun lake, on September 30, 2017. Results: Three specimens with average standard length and weight of 233mm and 307g, respectively, were identified as Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus x pardalis. This armored catfish, native to the Amazon basin, is breeding in Gatun and may threaten local species. Conclusion: The exotic fish Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus x pardalis has a reproductive population in Gatun Lake, Panama.
The Colorado killer tornadoes of November 4, 1922
Authors: Schumacher Russ
Published: November 2022

One of the deadliest days for tornadoes in Colorado history came at a
very unusual time of year: November. On the 100th anniversary of this
event, we briefly explore its meteorology, impacts, and how it stands
alone in the climatological record in Colorado.
Study on tightening characteristics of flareless pipe joint assembly process
Authors: tang jie , Liao Zhenhua , Yang Peixin , zeng jie
Published: November 2022

The assembly process of flareless pipe joints is very important for the
sealing performance of hydraulic pipeline system. Based on the theory of
contact mechanics, a theoretical model of the assembly process of pipe
joints is established to simulate the extrusion molding process of
flareless pipe joints. It is found that tightening torque is an
important factor affecting the sealing performance of pipe joints. By
comparing the changes of the contact stress between the sleeve and the
pipe joint under different tightening tortures, combined with the
mechanical transfer and deformation results of the contact surface, the
results show that the fitting situation of the sleeve and the pipe is
good when the expansion pressure is 180Mpa, and the sealing performance
of the pipe joint is good when the tightening tortures are between 15N·m
and 18N·m.
SPONTANEOUS SPLENIC PSEUDOCYST: CASE REPORT OF A RARE ENTITY.
Authors: Tiwari Govinda , Poudel Ram Chandra , Nepal Sabin , Dhakal Sushil
Published: November 2022

Splenic cysts are very rare and are either primary or secondary.It is
important to differentiate preoperatively with malignancies and hydatid
cysts.Management options are either splenectomy or spleen preserving.We
present this case because of its clinical rarity, diagnostic dilemma and
histopathological diagnosis of pseudocyst in the absence of trauma.
Contralateral Reexpansion Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Patel Jayesh , Mohamed Mohamed , Hashem Anas , Mahmoud Amir , Boppana Hemanth
Published: November 2022

A 63-year-old female presented with massive left pleural effusion with a
mediastinal shift to the right. She developed re-expansion pulmonary
edema on the right side after drainage of pleural effusion, which is an
uncommon complication of thoracentesis.
Lineage-specific targets of positive selection in three leaf beetles with different defence capacity against a parasitic wasp
Authors: Yang Xuyue , Wheat Christopher , Slotte Tanja , Hamback Peter
Published: November 2022

Parasitoid wasps are major causes of mortality of many species, and
therefore traits related to host immune defence are usually favoured by
natural selection. One powerful approach to detect functionally
important genes under natural selection is through the analysis of
directional selection acting upon protein-coding gene sequences across
different species. Here, we investigated patterns of positive selection
across three closely related leaf beetle species with different immune
defence capacity against a shared parasitoid wasp using a Bayesian
approach for the McDonald–Kreitman test. Focusing on single-copy
orthologs for Coleoptera, as well as on candidate immune related genes,
we detected species-specific positive selection on coding regions in
each of the closely related Galerucella beetle species. Results
indicated that more immune genes had experienced positive selection in
the species with the greatest immunocompetence (G. pusilla)
against parasitoid wasps, while almost no immune genes were under
positive selection in the species with the least immunocompetence
(G. calmariensis).
A chromosome-level genome supplies an insight into the distinctive diapause characteristics in Caligula japonica
Authors: Chen Xu , Chen Yong-Ming , Wang Su , He Kang , Chen Mengyao , Zang Lian-Sheng
Published: November 2022

Caligula japonica is a forestry pest due to its damage to multiple
trees. Recently, it served as a potential natural medical mesh
biomaterial in the medical industry. However, studies on karyotype
evolution and functional genomics of C. japonica are limited by the
absent of genomic resource and its several months of diapause. Here, we
conducted high-throughput sequencing of its genome and firstly obtained
the chromosome-level genome. we successfully assembled a high-quality
genome of 584,506,556bp with Contig N50 of 12 Mb and 31 chromosomes.
About 342 Mb repeat sequences were identified, accounting for 58.53% of
C. japonica genome. Genome annotation by de novo gene prediction and
homologous gene search yields 24791 protein-coding genes. We also
applied manual annotation of diapause genes in C. japonica genome. The
genome abstained in this research will not only support resource for
future study on diapause mechanism of C. japonica but also help to
progress comparative genomic analyses in Lepidoptera.