bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Silico and In Vitro Antiviral Activity Evaluation of Prodigiosin from Serratia marcescens Against Enterovirus 71
Authors: Abd Aziz Muhamad Fakrulnizam , Yip Chee Wai , Md Nor Norefrina Shafinaz
Published: December 2022

Prodigiosin, a red linear tripyrrole pigment found in Serratia marcescens, is one such naturally occurring compound that has gained wide attention owing to its numerous biological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticancer, and immunosuppressive properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the possible antiviral activity of prodigiosin against Enterovirus 71, a causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Preliminary studies were done in silico by analyzing the interaction of prodigiosin with amino acid residues of five EV71-target proteins. Interaction refinement analysis with FireDock revealed that 2C helicase (-48.01 kcal/moL) has the most negative global energy, followed by capsid (-36.52 kcal/moL), 3C protease (-34.16 kcal/moL), 3D RNA polymerase (-30.93 kcal/moL) and 2A protease (-20.61 kcal/moL). These values are indicative of the interaction strength. Prodigiosin was shown to form chemical bonds with specific amino acid residues in capsid (Gln-30, Asn-223), 2A protease (Trp-33, Trp-142), 2C helicase (Tyr-150, His-151, Gln-169, Ser-212), 3C protease (Glu-50), and 3D RNA polymerase (Ala-239, Tyr-237). To investigate further, prodigiosin was extracted from S. marcescens using a methanolic extraction method. In vitro studies revealed that prodigiosin, with an IC50 value of 0.5112 μg/mL, reduced virus titers by 0.17 log (32.39%) in 30 min and 0.19 log (35.43%) in 60 min. The findings suggest that prodigiosin has antiviral activity with an intermediate inhibitory effect against EV71. As a result of this research, new biological activities of prodigiosin have been identified.
Identification and Prevention of Microbial Contaminants in Musa paradisiaca Tissue Culture
Authors: Hassen Nurul Izzah , Badaluddin Noor Afiza , Mustapha Zakiah , Zawawi Dhiya Dalila
Published: December 2022

Banana (Musa spp.) is an economically vital fruit crop in Malaysia and therefore, micropropagation was applied to meet the market demand for disease-free seedlings. However, microbial contamination is a significant obstacle in micropropagation techniques. In this research, the microorganisms that were present in the banana culture were characterized and the efficacy of antimicrobial and antifungal agents to inhibit contaminants was evaluated. Three bacterial and two fungal isolates were isolated from the contaminated culture. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella quasipneumoniae, and Klebsiella variicola were identified by molecular identification based on the 16S rDNA sequence. The gram-staining method confirmed all three bacteria were gram-negative. Oxidase and catalase tests showed the presence of cytochrome oxidase system and catalase enzyme in all bacteria. The bacteria can also hydrolyze starch, ferment sugars, and reduce sulfur from the amylase test. Phenotypic identification of fungi revealed the presence of conidia and hyphae, indicating the presence of Colletotrichum spp. and Aspergillus spp. In fungi characterization, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Aspergillus flavus were detected. Chloramphenicol was identified as an effective antibacterial agent from the disc diffusion method. Fluconazole was a potent antifungal agent by screening the sterilizing agents. The findings may potentially lead the way for the implementation of reducing the contamination rate in banana micropropagation.
Abundance and Infestation of Rice Stem Borer in North Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Khari Nur Atiqah , Ab Hamid Suhaila
Published: December 2022

The abundance and infestation of rice stem borer were monitored in MADA regions with the influence of weather parameters. The determination of the rice stem borer percentage infestation was recorded by dead heart (DH) and whitehead (WH) symptoms. In four regions of MADA area observations, a higher infestation of rice stem borer was observed during rice planting season one (7.1%) compared to rice planting season two (3.9%) on average. Both damage symptoms of the rice stem borer, DH, and WH were observed higher during the rice planting season one. The highest infestation of rice stem borer during season one was observed in Pendang with 18.60%. From the weather parameters recorded, a high infestation of rice stem borer occurred at 80.0% (RHmax), 8.2 °C of temperature differences (Tdiff), and a lower amount of rainfall (0.6 mm). The high infestation in Pendang in season one was influenced by the lower value of RH, higher range of temperature, and lower amount of rainfall compared to season two. Chilo polychrysus was the most abundant species of rice stem borer found in Region 1 and Scirpophaga incertulas were abundantly found in Region 2, 3, and 4.
Elit Futbolcularda Kafein Kullanımının Çeviklik ve Dayanıklılık Performansına Olan Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AYAZ Yusuf Emre , BOZDOĞAN Tuba , UZUN Nurettin Ersin
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, kafein kullanımımın elit futbolcuların dayanıklılık ve çeviklik performansı üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Bu araştırmada kullanılan kafein kahve şeklindedir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Aydın Yıldızspor Futbol Kulübünde aktif olarak futbol oynayan 10 sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Bu sporculara, kafeinin akut etkisini ölçmek amaçlı 9 haftalık bir test uygulanmıştır. Sporcuların hiçbir içecek tüketmeden (direkt) ve kafeinli kahve ve kafeinsiz kahve tükettikten sonraki çeviklik (T-test) ve dayanıklılık performansları (Yo-Yo Aralıklı Toparlanma Testi) ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler One Way Anova kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre direkt, kafeinli ve kafeinsiz kahve tüketiminden sonraki çeviklik ve dayanıklılık ölçümleri sonucunda ölçümler arasında istatiksel açıdan anlamlı farklar olduğu görüldü. Ayrıca ortalamalar incelendiğinde kahvenin kafeinli veya kafeinsiz olmasının ortalamaları değiştirdiği belirlendi. Sonuç olarak kahve tüketiminin sporcuların performansı üzerinde etkili olduğu kafeinli kahvenin ise performansı kafeinsiz kahveye göre daha fazla arttırdığı söylenebilir.
A Review on Medication Adherence on Antiretroviral Therapy in South East Asia
Authors: L. Tecson Bhea Wayne , A. Decena Aiyana Jul , M. Fuentes Eliza Dulce , Labagnao Bryan P. , Lucero Barry L. , A. Miclat Charisse Andrea , Faller Erwin M.
Published: December 2022

As of 2018, receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) was 23.3 million patients with HIV, with 2 million of those people coming from countries in South-East Asian nations, according to the WHO. According to the Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics, and Policy, South East Asia has the world's third-largest HIV pandemic as well as the highest TB burden, accounting for more than a quarter of all HIV infections. Numerous investigations have demonstrated how healthcare professionals may influence patients' medication-taking habits for the better if they persistently and frequently discuss the advantages of ART adherence at each annual checkup, monitor adherence-related clinical markers including viral load, identify adherence hurdles, offer adherence support services, and inform patients of additional therapies that can enhance adherence and lower the risk of problems. Because of varying social ramifications, a wide range of psychological traits, and cultural differences, it is challenging to evaluate Southeast Asians' adherence to antiretroviral medication. The researchers came to the conclusion that self-management, educational intervention, cognitive and adaptive abilities, peer support, and frequent clinic visits are the key characteristics that contribute to medication adherence to antiretroviral drugs in the majority of Southeast Asian nations. Southeast Asian nations suffer from societal consequences including discrimination and stigma, a lack of assistance from the government, and insufficient access to medicine and religion. The desire to continue taking the drug affects adherence to antiretroviral treatment. These claimed causes include forgetfulness, having a full schedule, being strapped for cash, avoiding side effects, and having trouble understanding directions. Given the aforementioned facts, successful management of antiretroviral medication adherence necessitates individual, social, and medical measures.
Design of a trust system for e-commerce platforms based on quality dimensions for linked open datasets
Authors: Valencia-Martinez Camilo Alejandro , Gaona-García Paulo Alonso , Montenegro-Marin Carlos Enrique
Published: December 2022

This article describes a proposal about a trust system for e-commerce platform based on semantic web technologies and trust dimensions rules. We try to expose a system that allow to manage communication processes between e-commerce platforms and users in a trustworthy manner. It allows the data flows and transactions gain more trust across the entire process. All of this can be achieved through the inference of rules exposed in the defined ontology, complemented by a cloud-based system with microservices architecture. With the implementation of the system through an e-commerce platform, could consume data from the microservices in order to get inferences about its clients that want to buy or sell something within its system. This system was created based on rules defined by the ontology, as well as the microservices could be used to register information about multiple e-commerce transactions. The result of this work is the Ontology and semantic web rules defined and implemented through protege.
Adoption of Telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ibero-America: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Pinto Agostinho Sousa , Abreu António , Costa Eusébio , Paiva Jerónimo , Vieira Laís
Published: December 2022

The outbreak of COVID-19 caused a major international public health crisis and led to the imposition of social distancing measures to contain the spread of the virus. In this context, the use of telehealth skyrocketed as the only way to deliver healthcare to patients during a lockdown was remotely. The countries of Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula were severely hit by the pandemic and the prospects and challenges associated with widespread adoption of telehealth are unique. The goal of this systematic literature review is to explore how telehealth has been used during the pandemic to prevent, diagnose, treat and control diseases in Ibero-America. Thus, we sought to identify the main keywords, themes, theoretical frameworks and methodologies used by researchers in this area. We used several tools for bibliographic management like Rayyan, VOSViewer and NVIVO and followed the PRISMA protocol. Our analysis of themes showed the existence of 3 nodes within the literature: students, teachers and education. After searching in 6 databases, 1826 articles were found. After excluding the duplicates (231 articles), we screened and read the titles and abstracts of 1595 articles. Only 119 articles met the inclusion criteria. Finally, after a full-text analysis, a final sample of 106 articles was selected for analysis. Spain and Brazil are the countries who have produced the greatest volume of research in the region. The public sector is the largest funder of research on this topic by far especially at national level.  Our findings show that the research output in the region of Ibero-America (Latin America and Iberia) on this topic is still relatively small when compared to regions like North America.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Environmental Conditions in A Naturally Ventilated Free-Stall Dairy Barn
Authors: KÜÇÜKTOPCU Erdem , UZAL SEYFİ Selda , MUSTAQİMAH Muminah , CEMEK Bilal
Published: December 2022

An essential parameter for the design of a dairy barn is adequate ventilation. A well-ventilated barn benefits the environment and the animals by reducing stress and improving air quality. The aim of this research was to evaluate the spatial variability of environmental conditions in a free-stall dairy barn using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. Measurements of temperature and air velocity were made in the barn for comparison with the simulated results. The simulations were performed under steady-state conditions and considered the specific behavior of cows standing and lying down, as well as their distribution in the barn. The measured and predicted mean air temperatures in the barn were 21.50 ± 0.174 °C and 21.33 ± 0.213 °C, while the air velocities were 0.30 ± 0.196 m s-1 and 0.31 ± 0.197 m s-1, respectively. The results from CFD showed that the barn was not adequately ventilated, which could lead to severe problems for the cows inside. Consequently, the application of the proposed model CFD in simulating specific building design alternatives could aim to investigate the appropriate airflow distribution to find the best configuration.
The Usefulness of Activity Evaluation and Feedback Tool (AEFT) and Its Potential to Evaluate and Give Feedback to Practitioners
Authors: BOZKURT Ali , OZMANTAR Mehmet Fatih
Published: December 2022

Activity and activity-based learning is one of the important fields of study that remains up-to-date in the mathematics education community. In the context of activity-based learning, it makes it necessary to evaluate the quality of the design and implementation of activities. Within this framework, Bozkurt, Özmantar, Agaç and Güzel (2022) developed the Activity Evaluation and Feedback Tool (AEFT). The purpose of this study is to examine the usefulness of the AEFT tool and its potential to provide evaluation and feedback to practitioners. Within the scope of the tool, the activity text and application processes, which are the basis for activity-based teaching, were dimensioned and indicators related to each dimension were created. The study was carried out in the fall semester of the 2021-2022 academic year. The study group consists of 12 secondary school mathematics teachers. Teachers were asked to apply this activity in their classrooms by choosing or developing an activity. Then, they were asked to evaluate these design and implementation processes with AEFT. According to the findings obtained from the research, AEFT has been found to be useful and has the potential for evaluation and feedback. It has also been seen that AEFT offers a clear performance target for agreed standards. The AEFT provides an opportunity to evaluate and give feedbacks to the users on activity scripts and on the implementation process along with the mathematical potential of both dimensions. As a result, it can be said that the performance criteria in AEFT can be used by mathematics teachers to evaluate the quality of activity processes.
The Efficiency of Visual-Spatial Abilities (Memory Processes) Training through Multimedia Simulation for Soccer Strikers
Authors: RADHOUANE Lorabi , AKIL ABDELKADIR Belaid
Published: December 2022

The main aim of our work is to test the efficiency of visual-spatial abilities (memory processes) training through the multimedia simulation of soccer strikers under 23 years of age (N = 20; M age =20.85 years; SD =1.15), who have at least 5 years of experience (M experience=6.1 years; SD=1.11), and the reflection of this process on soccer strikers' comprehension of the different offensive tactical situations. We created a training program (experimental approach using the unique sample with pre- and post-testing design) for soccer strikers, based on the theory of cognitive load that can provide guidelines to help present information in a way that encourages the learner to activities that improve intellectual performance. The methodology demonstrated a noticeable improvement in the player's visual-spatial abilities, and that helped the soccer striker to improve his VSA perception, and the time of responsiveness on the different playing strategies that they had practiced before. In addition to improving the psychomotor-sensory coordination in which visual-spatial perception plays an essential role, by improving it, the player's performance develops at multiple levels (cognitive, sensory, psychological, and executive performance).
Comparison of Individuals' Computer Skills with Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods: Turkey-European Countries
Authors: ECEMIS Orhan , COSKUN Aysun
Published: December 2022

Great changes have occurred in today's society in the last 50 years. Information has become the most important resource. With the spread of individual computer ownership since the 1990s, the transformation into an information society has accelerated. With the development of multimedia tools, especially with the creation of the internet infrastructure, not only difficulties have arisen in accessing information, but also conditions suitable for the production of new information have been provided. These developments accelerated the economic and social developments of societies. In this context, computer skill levels, which should be in qualified manpower, have also been a subject of interest in the academic field. In this study, multi-criteria decision-making methods and individual computer skill levels of Turkey and European countries are discussed. The data set used in the study was obtained from the individual computer skills level research on the European Statistical Office website. The criteria in the data set are weighted by the Entropy method. Comparison of individual computer usage levels by countries was carried out with the ARAS method. Considering the limitations of the research and the findings obtained by the Aras method, it can be said that Iceland, Finland and the Netherlands, which were found to be the most successful in the ranking of individual computer skills, were followed by other countries.
An Overview Analysis of Debt Financing for Hungarian Enterprises and the Impact of Economic Crises
Authors: CSISZARIK-KOCSIR Agnes
Published: December 2022

There are two main ways of financing businesses, equity and debt. Debt financing, including debt financing, is vital for many economic operators and is thus a key to their survival. Businesses can obtain the funds they need quickly and easily from the financial markets, mainly in the form of credit products. However, excessive indebtedness carries a number of risks in the short, medium and long term. For all economic entities, it is crucial to determine their optimal level of indebtedness and their level of credit. The debt financing of companies and businesses is heavily influenced by macroeconomic developments. In all cases, the changes brought about by the crisis, global economic anomalies, rising interest rates and inflation have a negative impact on the exposure of businesses to credit providers. This is particularly true for Hungarian businesses. The prevalence of foreign currency lending before the 2008 downturn and the difficulties that followed the crisis have led many small and medium-sized enterprises and large companies to bankruptcy or to the brink of closure. This crisis has been a very big learning lesson for all economic actors, including the corporate and entrepreneurial sector. Despite the fact that lending standards and conditions have tightened considerably in recent years, there are still many risks associated with debt financing, especially when it is used for operations rather than investment. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the changes in corporate lending from the 2008 crisis and the coronavirus crisis to the present day, using the example of the Hungarian business sector. The study will also shed light on the changes in lending and the change in the attitudes of firms, which will provide a measure of the level of corporate financial culture and its manifestation in financial decisions.
Morphological characterization of Mongolian local common wheat (Triticum. Aestivum) species
Authors: Yadamsuren Narantsetseg , Noov Bayarsukh , Yadamsuren Myagmarsuren
Published: December 2022

The common wheat is one of the most important food crops and cultivated for more than 2000 years in Mongolia that are evidenced in the books of ancient scholars and archeological findings. The collection of plant genetic resources includes 5 wheat species found from different regions of Mongolia and among them 5% is belongs to common wheat (Triticum aestivum). The local common wheat landraces the sub-species v. ferrugineum, v. erythrospermum, v. lutescens occupy 11.3-33.0% and other sub-species 0.3-7.7%, respectively. Local landraces have plant height of 61-101 cm, spike length of 6.5-9.8cm and plant duration of 86-112 days. The landraces highly differ by the plant duration (V=67.4), and plant height (V=44.8)

Монгол нутгийн зөөлөн (Triticum aestivum ) буудайн янз зүйлүүд, тэдгээрийн морфологи

Хураангуй

Зөөлөн буудай нь хүнсний чухал таримлын нэг ба Монгол нутагт 2000 гаруй жилийн өмнөөс тариалж ирсэнийг эрт үеийн судлаачдын бичиж үлдээсэн ном судрууд болон малтлагаар олдсон археологийн үнэт олдворууд баталдаг. Ургамлын генетик нөөцийн цуглуулгад Монголын баруун, зүүн, төвийн бүс нутгуудаас олдсон буудайн 5 зүйл хадгалагдаж байгаагаас 65.7%- ийг зөөлөн буудай (Triticum aestivum) эзэлж байна. Нутгийн зөөлөн буудайн Triticum. Aestivum. subs aestivum.v. ferrugineum, Triticum. Aestivum. subs aestivum.v. erythrospermum, Triticum. Aestivum. subs aestivum.v. lutescens янз зүйлүүд 11.3- 33%- ийг, бусад янз зүйлүүд 0.3- 7.7%- ийг тус тус эзэлж байна. Нутгийн Зөөлөн буудайн дээжүүдийн ургамлын өндөр 61-101 см, түрүүний урт 6.5- 9.8 см, ургалтын хугацаа 86-112 хоногтой бөгөөд ургалтын хугацаа (V=67.4), ургамлын өндрөөр (V=44.8) ихээхэн ялгаатай байна.

Түлхүүр үг: Фенотип, эх материал, популяци.
A holistic review on the synthesis techniques of spinel structured lithium cobalt manganese tetroxide
Authors: TAN Chee Wayne , CHE DAUD Zul Hilmi , ASUS Zainab , IDRIS Mohd Hasbullah , MAZALI Izhari Izmi , ARDANI Mohd Ibthisham , ABDUL HAMID Mohd Kameil
Published: December 2022

Spinel structured lithium cobalt manganese tetroxide (LiCoMnO4) which exhibit unrivalled reduction potential of 5.3V (vs. Li0 | Li+) was identified to be one of the potential cathode candidates for next generation lithium-ion batteries offering high voltage output and energy density. The focal point of this article is to holistically review relevant techniques established for the synthesis of LiCoMnO4 compound, particularly solid-state reaction, sol-gel synthesis, flux method and hydrothermal technology. Electrochemical performances of lithium cobalt manganese tetroxide (LiCoMnO4) synthesised via the four distinctive approaches as well as the critical process parameters will be compared and scrutinised. Adversities associated with deoxygenation in the course of synthesis process at high temperature and proposed countermeasure via fluorine-substitution will also be discussed.
Ecological dyeing of acrylic yarn with colorant derived from natural lac dye
Authors: VUTHIGANOND Nattaya , CHITICHOTPANYA Pisutsaran , NAKPATHOM Monthon , MONGKHOLRATTANASIT Rattanaphol
Published: December 2022

In recent years, the application of natural dyes in textile coloration has attracted significant study interest. In this current study, the bio-based dyeing of synthetic textile fiber, specifically acrylic yarn, with natural lac dye was investigated. The yarn was dyed using a meta-mordanting technique. The dyeing parameters, including temperature, time, pH of the dye bath, dye concentration, mordant type, and mordant concentration, were examined. Two eco-mordants, aluminium sulfate and ferrous sulfate, are compared against an eco-restricted copper sulfate in terms of color strength and fastness. The results demonstrated that the meta-mordanting technique can be used to dye acrylic fiber using natural lac dye. The optimum dyeing results were achieved using an acidic pH (2-3) and a temperature of 100℃ for 40 min of dyeing time. The color strength of the dyed samples was enhanced by the application of mordants. Color uniformity was achieved by controlling the temperature gradient in the Tg region. In terms of color change, the wash fastness properties of the dyed samples were found to be poor to moderate due to the dye's susceptibility to alkaline washing. In terms of color fastness to rubbing and light, ferrous sulfate and copper sulfate produced superior results.
Erratum to: In search for near-room-temperature superconducting critical temperature of metal superhydrides under high pressure: A review
Authors: PINSOOK Udomsilp
Published: December 2022

Erratum to: Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 31-41, 2020
                      DOI: https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v30i2.858
Effect of pore modifiers on physical and mechanical properties of high-performance cement mortar
Authors: CHUNTI Kisun , POLSILAPA Sureerat , CHAKARTNARODOME Parinya , SONPRASARN Passakorn , PRAKAYPAN Wichit , LAITILA Edward A.
Published: December 2022

Two different pore modifiers (PM), artificial pozzolan (AP) and modified aluminum salt (MA), were introduced into the composition of a High Performance Cement Mortar (HPCM). The chemical compositions of raw materials, ordinary Portland cement (OPC), sea sand, AP, and MA were identified by X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). The hydration kinetics resulting from each PM added to the HPCM was investigated by the relevance of hydration temperature. The mechanical properties such as compressive strength, dynamic modulus of rupture, and dynamic modulus of elasticity were measured as well as water absorption and density. Additionally, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) were used to reveal the beneficial effects of appropriate PM through the microstructure, pore size distribution and specific surface area. Experimental results showed that the PM increased the hydration temperature, resulting in the generation of stress at early stages throughout the HPCM structure. This stress caused the formation of micropores, which increased water absorption, decreased density, and enhanced the structural integrity
Sugarcane waste-derived activated carbon for lithium-sulfur batteries with enhanced performance by thiourea doping
Authors: THUMKAEW Yanisa , PETSON Vipada , JORN-AM Thanapat , SIRISIT Natee , CHANTHAD Chalathorn , MANYAM Jedsada , LIANG Xiao , SONG Shufeng , PAOPRASERT Peerasak
Published: December 2022

In this work, bio-renewable sugarcane bagasse and leaf were utilized for the preparation of activated carbon (BAC and LAC), which was then employed as the host material in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. The activated carbon, for the first time, was doped with nitrogen and sulfur via the addition of thiourea during the synthesis of carbon char via a simple, one-step hydrothermal method. The activated carbon was used to fabricate the cathodes of the CR2032 coin cells. The amount of added thiourea was found to influence the nitrogen/sulfur content, porosity, amorphous/graphitic structure, and performance of the activated carbon.  At 0.2C, BAC2 (4.15 wt% thiourea doping) gave the highest specific capacity of 478 mAh⸳g-1 among the bagasse-derived activated carbon, while LAC3 (8.3 wt% thiourea doping) yielded the highest specific capacity of 521 mAh⸳g-1 among the leaf-derived activated carbon. They also demonstrated an excellent capacity retention of 72% and 83%, respectively, after 100 cycles. Furthermore, thiourea doping also improved the rate performance, by providing fast interfacial processes. Based on these results, the obtained activated carbon demonstrates the potential for the fabrication of high-performance Li-S batteries. Also, this work highlights the practical utilization of both sugarcane wastes for these emerging energy storage devices.
Hole transport layers in organic solar cells: A review
Authors: ALKARSIFI Riva , ACKERMANN Jörg , MARGEAT Olivier
Published: December 2022

Thanks to huge research efforts, organic solar cells have become serious candidates in the field of renewable energy sources, with reported power conversion efficiencies above 19% and operating lifetime surpassing decades. In the thin film stack composing the organic solar cell, the transport layers at interfaces play a key role, as important as the photoactive material itself. Both electron (ETL) and hole (HTL) transport layers are indeed directly involved in the efficiency and stability of the devices, due to the very specific properties required for these interfaces. Focusing on the HTL interface, a large number of materials has been used in organic solar cells, such as 2D materials, conductive polymers or transition metal oxides. In this review, we present the evolution and recent advances in HTL materials that have been employed in manufacturing organic solar cells, by describing their properties and deposition processes, and also relating their use with the fullerene or the new non-fullerene acceptors in the active layer.
Deficiencies in the Regulation of Legal Expenses Insurance in the Legislation of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Glintic Mirjana
Published: December 2022

This paper is dedicated to analysis of legal expenses insurance, its regulation in the Serbian legislation and importance for the right to access the court. Both Serbian legislation and comparative legal analysis signalize several shortcomings in the approach of the Serbian legislator. The first is the lack of a clear definition of this insurance, which further implies the ambiguity regarding the exact definition of the insured event and the risk insured. Another problem is the lack of rules on conflict of interests between the insurer and the policyholders which arises from legal expenses insurance. The author gives proposals for overcoming these shortcomings, by taking into account the EU regulation. Conclusion is dedicated to refutations of assertations that legal expenses insurance inevitably leads to an overloaded judicial system, which has been marked as one of its biggest deficiencies.
Proxy Voting at the General Meeting of a Public Joint Stock Company – General View and Possibility of Abuse
Authors: Radomirovic Ivana , Kajevic Amina
Published: December 2022

This paper analyses proxy voting at the general meeting of a public joint stock company. Proxy voting is an important element in exercising the shareholder’s right to vote, the most important right of the shareholder. This article aims to analyse regulation of proxy voting, and possibility of its abuse through proxy solicitation, using a normative analysis of relevant regulations. Proxy solicitation is an issue that is becoming notable in the member states of the European Union, as it can serve for gaining a controlling influence in the company. Although Shareholders’ Rights Directive does not regulate proxy solicitation, preamble of this directive indicates the possibility of abuse of proxy voting by proxy solicitation. The results of the research show that regulating proxy solicitation shall be considered, in order to prevent its abuse.
Оценка исходного материала линий кукурузы по основным хозяйственно ценным признакам в различных условиях среды
Authors: Горбачева Анна Григорьевна , Орлянская Наталья Алексеевна , Ветошкина Ирина Анатольевна
Published: December 2022

Цель исследований – определение продуктивного потенциала и особенностей проявления хозяйственно полезных признаков линий кукурузы в контрастных условиях среды. В 2019–2021 гг. проводилось изучение 9 линий кукурузы селекции ФГБНУ «Всероссийский НИИ кукурузы» в условиях предгорной зоны Северного Кавказа (Всероссийский НИИ кукурузы, Ставропольский край) и лесостепной зоны Центрального Черноземья (Воронежский филиал ВНИИК, Воронежская область) по урожайности и уборочной влажности зерна, высоте и ломкости растений ниже початка, поражению пузырчатой головней. По результатам дисперсионного анализа установлено преобладающее влияние генотипа на формирование урожая зерна в более однородных погодных условиях Северного Кавказа (доля влияния фактора 67,22 %), в более контрастных метеорологических условиях Центрального Черноземья – условий среды (61,27 %). Высокий потенциал зерновой продуктивности в условиях Ставропольского края обнаружен у линий АГ 1712 ВМ (4,3 т/га) и КЛ зМ (4,2 т/га), в условиях Воронежской области – у линий РГС 201 зак (4,9 т/га), КЛ 6 зМ (4,8 т/га), РГ 218 ВС и РГ 266 зМ (по 4,1 т/га). Выявлены линии с низкой уборочной влажностью зерна по годам испытаний в условиях ЦЧР: РВ 197 МВ (17,7–23,2 %), РС 201зак (17,5–23,8 %) и РГС 201зак (19,8–26,3 %). При создании гибридов для условий Северо-Кавказского региона рекомендуется использование линий КЛ 6 зМ и АГ 1712 ВМ в качестве источников высокой продуктивности и высокорослости. При селекции гибридов для Центрально-Черноземного региона предлагаются линии РГС 201 зак, КЛ 6 зМ, РГ 218 ВС, РГ 266 зМ как источники высокой урожайности и РВ 197 МВ, РС 201 зак и РГС 201 зак как источники ускоренной влагоотдачи зерном при созревании.
Особенности анестезиологического обеспечения при абдоминальных операциях у собак брахиоцефальных пород
Authors: Безин Александр Николаевич , Циулина Елена Петровна , Идрисова Роза Равильевна , Володин Илья Александрович , Серых Ольга Васильевна
Published: December 2022

В работе представлены результаты анализа данных амбулаторного приема в ветеринарной клинике «ВетМэн» в период с сентября 2021-го по сентябрь 2022 года по частоте возникновения необходимости в абдоминальных операциях у разных пород собак, в том числе собак брахиоцефальных пород. Цель исследования состоит в изучении и оценке распространенности абдоминальных операций и разработке эффективной хирургической тактики и безопасного способа анестезиологического обеспечения при полостных операциях у собак с укороченным лицевым отделом черепа. Освещены сведения о разработке эффективного и безопасного способа анестезиологического обеспечения при абдоминальных операциях у собак брахиоцефальных пород. Авторами изучены осбенности течения комбинированной анестезии у собак первой группы, которая включала внутривенный наркоз, введение анестетика в эпидуральное пространство и тотальную анестезию во второй группе. Установлено, что из 1654 собак, поступивших в клинику по поводу хирургических патологий, абдоминальные операции составили 54 %, 569 из них относились к брахиоцефальным породам, что соответствует 63,8 %. Исследования выявили, что осложнения при абдоминальных операциях у собак брахиоцефальных пород, получавших разработанную авторами комбинированную анестезию, возникали в два раза реже, чем у собак, получавших тотальную внутривенную анестезию. Время пробуждения собак после получения комбинированной анестезии было в 23,8 раза короче, чем после получения тотальной внутривенной анестезии.
Изучение детоксирующей системы печени при применении комбинированного пиретроидного препарата
Authors: Гизатуллина Фирдаус Габдрахмановна , Ρахматуллин Эмиль Касымович , Василевский Николай Михайлович , Кадиков Ильнур Ρавилевич
Published: December 2022

Целью работы было изучение влияния Неостомозана на антитоксическую функцию печени лабораторных крыс и телят. Для оценки действия Неостомозана на монооксигеназную ферментную систему печени в модельном опыте на крысах использовали тиопенталовый тест по методу Д. Г. Розина (1964). В образцах крови крыс и телят определяли общепринятыми методами тимоловую пробу, концентрацию общего белка, мочевины, глюкозы, общего билирубина, креатинина и активность АсАТ, АлАТ, ЛДГ и ХЭ. Выявлено, что Неостомазан не обладает выраженной ферментиндуцирующей активностью в отношении монооксигеназной системы печени и не проявляет гепатотоксического действия, так как продолжительность «тиопенталового сна», масса печени и ее массовый коэффициент не изменились после его применения, а также сохранился уровень биохимических показателей, отражающих метаболический статус гепатоцитов. После применения телятам Неостомозана 0,1 %-й концентрации вначале наблюдалось достоверное повышение активности АсАТ и тимоловой пробы соответственно на 11 % и 53,6 %, потом отмечалось достоверное повышение количества билирубина и снижение глюкозы в сыворотке крови на 48,8 и 28,8 %, соответственно. Повышение в крови активности АсАТ, количества билирубина, тимоловой пробы, снижение содержания глюкозы и незначимые изменения активности ХЭ, уровня мочевины свидетельствуют об участии клеток печени в метаболизме Неостомозана. Установлено, что препарат при однократном применении в виде купочной эмульсии 0,1 %-й концентрации не вызывает у животных токсические явления и не влияет на биохимические показатели крови.
Pheocromocytoma of Adrenal gland - A Rare Tumor: Case Series
Authors: UR Dr. Parikh , HM Dr. Goswami , DJ Deliwala , SR Parikh , AH Barot
Published: December 2022

Pheochromocytoma is a rare neoplasm arises from adrenal medulla composed of chromaffin cells that produce catecholamines. Most are sporadic tumors that present in the fourth and fifth decade of life. Classic triad of episodic headaches, sweating and tachycardia present in about 30%, while hypertension is present in almost 90 % of cases. Clinical suspicion with laboratory testing and imaging for confirmation. Histopathological examination is gold standard, but no single biomarker or histologic feature predicts malignancy. Pheochromocytoma of the Adrenal Gland Scaled Score (PASS) provides prognosis based on histologic features. Five patients of pheochromocytoma with PASS score are described with the aim to represent a rare neoplasm. They are positive for chromogranin, synaptophysin and S100. Keywords: Pheochromocytoma, Adrenal gland, PASS
Kawasaki disease like presentation of Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children - A Case report
Authors: Pathak Dr Gargi H , Chauhan Dr Anuya V , Goswami Dr Priyanka
Published: December 2022

A new COVID-19 related clinical syndrome in children called Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MISC) has been reported, with significant inflammation and similarities to Kawasaki disease (KD) with concurrent SARS-CoV-2 in Europe and in USA since 7 April 2020. On 25th April, concerns were initially raised in the United Kingdom regarding a cluster of children of various ages, presenting with a Multisystem inflammatory state who required intensive care, and who all displayed "overlapping features of toxic shock syndrome and atypical Kawasaki disease with blood parameters consistent with severe COVID 19 in children. Clinical presentations were variable, with significant gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, cardiac disease, mild or absent respiratory symptoms, and variable incidence of rash, red eyes, oral mucous membrane changes. Later on this was diagnosed as part of a post covid Multisystem inflammatory disease (MISC). We report one patient admitted in Civil hospital, Ahmedabad with high grade fever for more than three days along with manifestations of multisystem disease involving cardiovascular system with myocarditis,and gastrointestinal system in form hepatitis, widespread blanchable rashes and respiratory distress due to pleural effusion.The clinical features had similarly to features of Kawasaki disease. Patients also had raised inflammatory markers in form of increased CRP, ESR, PT, APTT. Covid IgG antibody was found positive and patient was treated as per MISC protocol with steroid, IVIG and aspirin together with proper supportive management in form of oxygen through High flow nasal cannula and ionotropes for shock. Multiple theories on pathogenesis have been suggested in form of Antibody dependent enhancement precipitating kawasaki like illness due to cytokine storm provoked by type 1 and 3 interferon. Role of STING (Stimulator of interferon gamma) pathway has been found to be involved in MISC. With proper treatment as per protocol it is possible to successfully discharge patients with MISC admitted in decompensated states. Keywords: MISC, Kawasaki, steroids, PIMS-TS, blanchable rashes, COVID 19 antibody
Valsalva Retinopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Patel Dr. Damini , Sonarkar Dr. Geeta , Goel Dr. Nikita , Agrawal Dr. Somesh , Desai Dr. Neha
Published: December 2022

Valsalva retinopathy is characterised by pre-retinal haemorrhage which presents with unilateral, sudden, painless diminution of vision. Pre-retinal haemorrhage caused by sudden rise in venous pressure was first termed as Valsalva haemorrhage by Duane TD in 1972. It is caused by rupture of superficial retinal capillaries due to increased intra-ocular venous pressure following increase in intra-thoracic or intraabdominal pressure. It resolves in few weeks or month and vision returns to normal depending on the location of the bleed on the retina. Observation, Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet) laser and Argon laser hyaloidotomy, vitrectomy are effective treatment options for eyes with Valsalva retinopathy. Here we present a case of a 32 year old female with Valsalva retinopathy with subhyaloid haemorrhageafter an episode of vomiting who was treated with Nd:YAG laser hyaloidotomy with a good visual outcome.The novelty of this case report lies in the fact that although conservative management is practiced more often with similar prognosis, early intervention by Nd:YAG laser hyaloidotomycan benefit the patient with marked improvement and rapid recovery. Key words: Valsalva retinopathy, subhyaloid haemorrhage, Nd:YAG laser hyaloidotomy.
Clinical Study of Different Modalities for Management of Ventral Hernia Repair
Authors: Parikh Dr. Sameer G. , Shah Dr. Jainam K. , Patel Dr. Viraj D. , Modiya Dr. Yogesh N. , Surti Dr. Keyur N. , Patel Dr. Nilesh J.
Published: December 2022

Background: Various Surgical modalities and Prosthetic mesh placement used for management in ventral hernia -requires scrutiny in the term of indications, recurrence rate to give benefit to patient. Their relevance and validity require to be assessed in present era. Material & Method: The study was caried out on patients admitted in municipal general hospitals of Ahmedabad .100 patients were history, clinical diagnosis based on inspection and palpation, eti-pathological findings, radiological findings, operative findings, post operative outcome. Results: Observation and analysis of the data of present series was interesting and important aspects were compared with standard methods. Post operative wound infection & sepsis was important cause for development of Incisional hernias. Conclusion: Mesh repair is the technique of choice for most of Incisional hernias and for all ventral hernias with large defect and obesity. Key words: Hernia, Ventral, Mesh
A Study about Distribution of Various Social Security Schemes among the Elderly Utilizing them.
Authors: Parmar Dr. Rajan K. , Patel Dr. Mitesh K. , Bhatt Dr. Rajshree J. , Trivedi Dr Bansi J. , Jani Shivani Utpal
Published: December 2022

Background: World population of elderly has increased in a last two decades at a pace faster than any-other times before. Thus it is in global interest to provide them social security. Indian society is witnessing a gradual withering of joint family system leading to a large number of neglected parents and their exploitation. A number of social security measures have been taken by Indian government. This study was conducted to know the distribution for various social security schemes among elderly utilizing them at Ahmedabad. Material and Method: It is community based cross sectional study conducted from June 2019 December 2020 with the total 1078 sample using purposive sampling method. A self- developed semi-structured proforma was prepared in English and vernacular languages to collect information regarding distribution about social security schemes among the elderly. Result: Distribution of social security schemes was found to be varied with major inclination towards LIC. Friends are major source of information & helping hands to avail them. Conclusions: The data obtained suggest that more marketing strategy is needed for all the government social security schemes similar to LIC as found in our study. Keywords: - Distribution, Elderly, Social Security Schemes.
Morphometrical Study of Human Adult Dry Hip Bones in Gujarat Region
Authors: Parmar Dr. Ajay M. , Pateliya Dr. Urmila N. , Goda Dr. Jatin B. , Babel Dr. Hitesh
Published: December 2022

Background: To study morphometry of human adult dry hip bone in Gujarat region in order to obtain and compare different parameters of male and female hip bones. Material and Method: Study material consists of total 88 hip bones (52 male and 36 female). Non metric parameter i.e. weight of hip bones was measured by using digital weighing machine and metric parameter i.e. length and width were measured by osteometric board & metallic scale. Coxal index was calculated. Results: The mean weight of male hip bone was 135.91 gram and in female it was 92.21 gram. The mean length of male and female hip bone was 19.65 cm and 18.39 cm respectively. The mean width of male and female hip bone was 14.19 cm and 14.18 cm respectively. Coxal index of male and female hip bones were 72.53 and 77.26 respectively. Conclusion: The mean weight and length of male hip bones were higher than female hip bones. The mean width of male and female hip bones was near to similar. The coxal index was more in female than male hip bone. This study will help anatomist, anthropologist, and forensic expert for identification of individual from skeletal remains. Key words: Hip bone, Morphometry, Coxal index
PERFORMING RITE IN THE HOLI
Authors: Rao Shankar
Published: December 2022

The article is an in-depth study of the performing rite in the major festival of Holi celebration in marking communities with complex performances. This article deals with the complex performances of Holi among the Gor Banjara Lambani, a nomadic, pastoral community of Karnataka. It is a systematic descriptive analysis of the different stages of celebration as well as production of orature in the performance. It extensively deals with the Holi spring festival and analyzes the complexity of the rite of dhund as the celebration as a part of Holi. It investigates how time, space, and human bodies are its elements to create activities and events for the process of community life. The mythical significance of Holi in the performance and gender role in the Dhund rite are analyzed.
EPISODIC ISSUES «IN THE LIFE OF ST. DAVID GAREJELI»
Authors:   Sokhumi State University, Khutsishvili Mikhaeil , Todua Miranda ,   Sokhumi State University
Published: December 2022

One episode of «the life of Saint David Garejeli» is discussed in the work, in which it is narrated how Saint David Garejeli (6th century) converted to Christ an unrighteous man named Bubakr, who threatened to kill David, but after a miracle performed by David, he turned to Christ. From the work, we can see that David speaks to Bubakr in Armenian, which indicates that Bubakr is Armenian. But the author only hints about the Armenianness of this person and does not say it directly. In the present work, the attention is focused on the fact that in the Middle Ages the word `Armenian', along with the ethnic one, also had a confessional meaning and that it was also used in the meaning of Monophysite. The authors of the article express the opinion that in the previous text, which the creator of «Life of St. David Garejeli» (10th century) relied on when writing his work, Bubakri was presented as a person of Monophysite confession. The text showed that the Monophysite was going to kill the holy monk and he changed his mind only after Bubakr and his son were cured of their illnesses by this monk. According to the authors of the article, as Monophysitism was presented in a negative context in the Bubakr episode, the creator of the new monument about St. David Garejeli did not mention the word «Armenian» at all. After the church split between them, they tried to repair the broken relationship, and presenting Monophysitism in a negative context would not contribute to the improvement of this relationship. Bubakr is presented as a positive person in the monument, it is shown that he showed strong faith in God and became a true Christian.