bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The TLR3 induction increases content of interferons in rat's brain by TRAIL signaling during long-term alcoholization
Authors: Airapetov M.I. , Eresko S.O. , Vasilev A.K. , Vasileva V.Y. , Bychkov E.R. , Lebedev A.A. , Shabanov P.D.
Published: August 2021

The pathogenetic mechanisms associated with alcohol use include dysregulation of the innate immune system mechanisms in the brain. TLR3 expression is increased in the postmortem material of the prefrontal cortex of humans. An increase in the TLR3 signaling activity leads to the induction of interferons (IFN). IFN are associated with depressive symptoms and, therefore, may play a role in the pathogenesis of alcoholism; however, the exact mechanisms of intracellular signaling mediated by the influence of ethanol are not fully elucidated and their study was the purpose of this work. The experimental results showed that ethanol and the TLR3 agonist Poly (I:C) increased the content of TLR3, IFNβ, and IFNγ mRNA in the prefrontal cortex. In addition, expression of the TRAIL encoding gene also increased, and this increase positively correlaed with the mRNA content of TLR3, IFNβ and IFNγ both under alcoholization conditions and after injections of the TLR3 agonist. The data obtained may indicate that alcoholization is able to activate TLR3-TRAIL-IFN-signaling in the prefrontal cortex of the brain.
The effect of glucocorticoids in combination with azithromycin or theophylline on cytokine production by NK and NKT-like blood cells of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Kadushkin A.G. , Tahanovich A.D. , Movchan L.V. , Kolesnikova T.S. , Khadasouskaya A.V. , Shman T.V.
Published: August 2021

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by reduced sensitivity of cells to the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids (GCs). Azithromycin and a low dose theophylline have a significant impact on molecular mechanisms leading to corticosteroid resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of azithromycin and theophylline to enhance the anti-inflammatory effects of GCs on the production of cytokines by NK and NKT-like blood cells of COPD patients. Whole blood cells from COPD patients (n=21) were incubated in the presence of budesonide (10 nM), azithromycin (10 μg/mL), theophylline (1 μM), or their combinations and stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (50 ng/mL). Intracellular production of proinflammatory cytokines in NK (CD3-CD56+) and NKT-like (CD3+CD56+) blood cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Budesonide reduced synthesis of interleukin 4 (IL-4), CXCL8, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) by NK and NKT-like cells, as well as production of interferon γ (IFNγ) by NK cells. Azithromycin suppressed production of IL-4 and CXCL8 by NK and NKT-like cells, and theophylline inhibited IL-4 synthesis by these lymphocytes. The combination of azithromycin and budesonide had a more pronounced inhibitory effect on the production of IL-4 and CXCL8 by NK and NKT-like cells than the effect of these drugs alone. The combination of theophylline and budesonide suppressed synthesis of IL-4 and CXCL8 by NK and NKT-like cells, as well as the production of TNFα and IFNγ by NK cells stronger than budesonide alone. The obtained results demonstrate the benefits for the combined use of GCs with theophylline at a low dose or azithromycin to suppress the inflammatory process in patients with COPD.
Thermal Behaviour of a Cylindrical Li-Ion Battery
Authors: Giammichele Luca , D’Alessandro Valerio , Falone Matteo , Ricci Renato
Published: August 2021

This paper presents an experimental evaluation of thermal and electrical performances of a 26650 cylindrical Lithium Iron Phosphate/graphite battery cell. Thermal management of Lithium batteries is a fundamental issue of electric mobility, where batteries are subjected to severe operating conditions. Therefore, battery heat generation is a very important characteristic to be studied. In this work cell performances were assessed during battery discharge at ambient temperature over a wide range of discharge rates. The cell surface temperature was measured both with thermocouples and infrared thermography. Furthermore, also the open circuit potential and entropic heat coefficient were experimentally measured. Based on this experimental data, a simplified battery thermal model was used to evaluate the battery heat generation. The results show a substantial increase of battery surface temperature especially at high discharge rates. During discharge, the heat generated is greater at low battery state of charge due to the sudden decrease of cell potential. The contributions to heat generation are also carefully evaluated.
Impact of Sodium Chloride Crystallization on Saliva Droplets Spreading
Authors: D’Alessandro Valerio , Falone Matteo , Giammichele Luca , Ricci Renato
Published: August 2021

It is well known that SARS–CoV–2, can be transmitted through airborne diffusion of saliva droplets which travels into atmospheric air through a thermo-fluid dynamic interaction with it. In order to limit SARS-CoV-2 spread, social distancing is crucial. However, in this context is really important to emphasize that available knowledge is largely inadequate to make predictions on the airborne spreading of infectious droplets emitted during a cough and/or sneezing. The main aim of our research activity is to provide a contribution to thermo-fluid dyamic modeling of saliva droplets diffusion produced by coughing. In particular in this paper, several efforts were devoted to the analysis of impact of saliva chemical composition on the their spreading in space.
CFD Modelling of Naturally Ventilated Double Skin Façades: Comparisons among 2D and 3D Models
Authors: Lops Camilla , Germano Nicola , Matera Sabino , D’Alessandro Valerio , Montelpare Sergio
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, Double Skin Façades (DSFs) are popular technologies adopted for both new and existing buildings. Since their introduction, new configurations and materials started to be tested to improve the DSF energy behaviour and function. Such complex technologies, able to improve comfort conditions of occupied spaces and decrease building energy requirement, are strictly related to the design phase that should be carefully evaluated. The correct prediction of air fluxes inside the DSF cavity, in fact, is highly influenced by the adopted analysis hypothesis and settings. Moreover, the absence of multiple experimental campaigns and empirical validations in the sector represents the major concerns for scientists and researchers. Among the possible numerical approaches for studying DSFs, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analyses confirm to be the most suitable solution. The CFD modelling activity presented in this paper intends to compare various Double Façade configurations by adopting bi- and three-dimensional domains and different turbulence models. According to the obtained results, 2D simulations can predict airflows inside and around the DSF channel with good approximation and reasonable computational effort. Moreover, the velocity profiles estimated by the turbulence formulations are in good accordance, underling only a few slight variations in proximity to the DSF layers.
Use of an Outdoor Swimming Pool as Seasonal Heat Source in Heat Pump Applications
Authors: Emmi Giuseppe , Natali Alessia , Cesari Silvia , Fausti Patrizio , Bottarelli Michele
Published: August 2021

The improvement of energy efficiency in the building sector is one of the most promising actions for achieving the energy and environmental goals of the European Community. The deep retrofit of buildings is obviously the best solution in terms of energy performance result. When the deep retrofit is not allowed or possible, the simple maintenance of the building envelope and plant is usually done to assure the operation over time. This type of intervention could require the installation of new HVAC systems that could include a HP, which nowadays represents one of the key devices for the energy saving and the sustainable development. This work regards the study of the energy performance of a swimming Pool Centre in North-East Italy. The objective of this work is the exploitation of an outdoor swimming pool as a heat source for a HP system. The HP system uses two different heat sources, the air and the water. The final SCOP of the double source HP system has been calculated and compared with an air source HP solution. This analysis has been carried out by means of dynamic energy simulations in TRNSYS environment.
A Dialectical Relationship of Hegemony and Language in Marxism: Gramsci, Voloshynov, Pasolini
Authors: Tsyba Viacheslav
Published: August 2021

The article deals with three patterns for interpretation of language in its relation to the cultural hegemony, i.e. Gramscian, Voloshinian, and Pasolinian. As was shown, the analysis of the language problem is the necessary precondition for justifying the unity of theoretical and practical elements within Marxist philosophy. A common feature for the aforementioned patterns was an attempt to answer a fundamental question: how it is possible to make explicit the relationship between ideology and relations of production by means of the materialist dialectics. A refusal to fetishize language as a particular essence, a revealing that any sign systems are mediated by ideologies, and elaboration of a nonSaussurian structure of language are the core results of the proposed analysis. The starting point for the reflections of the mentioned thinkers was a tenet that communication in the state is determined by how much the institutions of power are able to bring the interests of society under control without disturbing the balance between the political body and the existing social forces. Thus, an ideology plays in two guises: as a symbolic order of legitimation on the society’s part and as a framing the growth of cultural forms. A distinction between the written and the spoken language becomes a politically significant tool to undermine the hegemony, for a balance between the political and the social, between the coercion and the approval, is widely open to fluctuations. Hence is the problem Marxist theorists have tried to solve: how can it be found out, with an examination of statements in non-political contexts, what someone talks of is a part of her political interest. The Marxist thinkers solved it in various ways. For instance, Gramsci focused himself on the reasons of making of the Italian literary canon; Voloshinov considered the proposition that in linguistics a formalism, as well as psychologism, following from a claim that semantics and means of expression are politically independent; and Pasolini sketched the difference between the spoken language, the spoken-written language, and the purely oral language, with unequal subjects of them.
Use of local fuel-produced syngas for iron ore pelletizing
Authors: Bragin Vladimir , Bersenev Ivan , Lopatin Alexandr , Pokolenko Svetlana
Published: August 2021

Iron ore pellets are important sources of iron for steel manufacturing. A high temperature process of induration finalizes pelletizing and typically consumes vast amounts of heat. While local resources can include iron ore, there can be a lack of local natural gas normally used for ore processing. A solution is use of abundant local fuel-produced syngas. We have performed this research based on mathematical modeling. A possibility of use of local coal-produced syngas for iron ore pelletizing has been proven what means creating a novel way for active and cost-efficient local ore pellet manufacturing. Gasification of induration machines does not require major equipment renovation. We have also analyzed major benefits and risks of this new technology.
Ability to Overcome Border Guards’ Psychological Barriers During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Ph. D. in Psychology, Lecturer of the Border Guard Service Department, BohdanKhmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine, Oleshko Dmytro , Filippov Maksym ,   Ph. D. in Psychology, Associate Professor of the General Military Disciplines Department, BohdanKhmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine, Bets Yurii ,   Ph. D. in Pedagogics, Associate Professor of the Foreign Languages Department, Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine, Basaraba Iryna ,   Lecturer of the Foreign Languages Department, Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine, Bets Iryna ,   Ph. D. in Pedagogics, Associate Professor, Senior Lecturer of the Foreign Languages Department, Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine, Bratko Artem ,   Ph. D. in Military Sciences, Associate Professor of the General Military Disciplines Department, BohdanKhmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine
Published: August 2021

The article reveals an analysis of the ability of border guards to overcome psychological barriers during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the last few months, the psychological strain in the world due to the COVID-19 pandemic has increased significantly, which has affected the ability of border guards to overcome psychological barriers. The article examines the impact of such psychological support in the form of online classes and provides recommendations for the applied use of the program to develop the ability to overcome border guards’ psychological barriers, developed by the authors. The authors suggested a number of methods to test the ability in order to overcome the psychological barriers of border guards in difficult working conditions, and also tested these methods. To examine the ability of border guards to overcome psychological barriers during the COVID-19 pandemic, an online survey of respondents was conducted. The results of the survey were compared with the results in 2014. The study also included the testing of online training programs, which provided for the simulation of service situations in order to correct the errors that are most common done by officers. A constructive part of the study was the research and analysis of psychoregulation and correction of negative, uncomfortable states, emotional, affective and sensory spheres. At the final stage there was a consolidation of the positive results achieved in the process of classes, discussion by the students of the group of experience, emotions, own states.
​Inheritance Studies and Validation of Molecular Markers Associated with Botrytis Grey Mould in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Bhardwaj Rajneesh , Panwar R.K. , Gaur A.K. , Verma S.K. , Arora Anju , Gaur Sonali , Nehra Mamta
Published: August 2021

Background: The Botrytis grey mould (BGM) is a devastating foliar disease of chickpea. In order to develop resistant high yielding varieties, the genetic mechanism governing the inheritance of resistance against BGM must be decoded. The molecular markers associated with BGM resistance are also need to be validated for marker assisted pyramiding of BGM resistance in chickpea. Methods: The present study was conducted during rabi seasons of 2014-18 at GBPUAT, Pantnagar. The experimental material consisted of six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) of a cross between a BGM resistant variety GL 10006 and susceptible variety H 208. The disease data was scored on nine-point (1-9) scale and were subjected to chi-square analysis. The inheritance was also studied by using 28 STMS markers at the Pulse Breeding Laboratory of GBPUAT, Pantnagar during 2017-18. The Single Marker Analysis was performed for validation of markers associated with BGM. Result: The results indicated that resistance for BGM in chickpea is dominant over susceptibility. A major QTL i.e. TA118 along with some minor QTLs are involved in governing resistance to BGM. The marker TA118, TS72 and TA144 can be used effectively in marker assisted selection for getting desirable recombinants in chickpea breeding.
Diagnóstico de la organización funcional del sistema urbano en los planes de ordenamiento territorial departamental: El caso de Córdoba –Síntesis metodológica–
Authors: Gutiérrez Rey Franz
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo muestra algunos de los resultados más relevantes del diagnóstico de la organización funcional del sistema urbano del departamento de Córdoba, obtenidos a través de la metodología propuesta por el autor para realizar este tipo de investigación aplicada, en el marco de las  políticas actuales de Ordenamiento Territorial –OT- (Gutiérrez, 2001).El diagnóstico de la organización funcional del sistema urbano departamental –DOFSUD–, aporta los aspectos básicos necesarios para el Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial Departamental –POTD– y contribuye a que las autoridades departamentales y municipales dispongan de áreas o subregiones funcionales, las cuales constituyen la síntesis espacial del territorio departamental para el POTD, al reflejar las condiciones de todos los componentes territoriales –económicos, ambientales, sociales y políticos–y representar el equilibrio de éstos, por lo que se establecen como el  soporte espacial“ideal” para la acción, aplicación y concreción de las políticas de planificación y de ordenamiento territorial en el departamento.
La Geografía y el poder. Territorialización del poder en Colombia El caso FARC – De Marquetalia al Caguán
Authors: Cadena Montenegro José Luis
Published: August 2021

Este artículo es una síntesis de un trabajo de maestría sustentado en el mes de junio de 2002. Se trata de una investigación en la línea de Geopolítica,sobre un tema de actualidad que emplea los multimétodos como guía metodológica y que pretende constituirse en aporte para confrontar los problemas territoriales y espaciales que aquejan a Colombia como consecuencia del conflicto armadoque subsiste por casi medio siglo. Se creyó que despejando de autoridad un territorio, se iniciaría un proceso de reconciliación, pero los hechos indican todo lo contrario y se perdió tiempo precioso al entregar el Estado la soberanía de la que se llamó, zona de distensión del Caguán. Es posible que desde la Antropología, la Sociología y la Ciencia Política, el tema haya sido abordado, pero desde la Geografía, este trabajo de tipo exploratorio pretende despertar el interés de los estadistas y de los estrategas por uno de los elementos constitutivos del Estado: el territorio.
Estudio de la formación de los precios de la tierra rural en los Municipios contiguos a Bogotá
Authors: Buitrago Bermúdez Oscar
Published: August 2021

En primera instancia se presenta la distribución espacial de los precios comerciales de la tierra rural en los municipios contiguos a Bogotá para el año 2000, como análisis previo a la determinación de los factores formadores del precio. Enseguida se presentan los resultados de los análisis  multivariados realizados con un conjunto de variables que muy probablemente determinan el precio de la tierra en zonas rurales de influencia directa metropolitana, a partir de los cuales se determina la correlación entre ellas y con el precio catastral de los predios, dichos análisis se hicieron a partir de dos técnicas multivariadas: componentes principales y regresión lineal múltiple. Se llega a concluir que la distribución espacial de los precios de la tierra en los municipios contiguos a Bogotá está definida predominante por la red vial y un patrón de uso del suelo, y que los factores que determinan los precios de la tierra en la zona de estudio son la entidad territorial político-administrativa (es decir el municipio), el tipo de propietario y la accesibilidad, en contraposición a variables como el potencial agrícola, la presencia de aguas o el relieve.
Opinión de los Geógrafos
Authors: Geográfica Perspectiva
Published: August 2021

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Precisión de la cartografía básica: estudio de caso municipios de Mosquera, Funza y Madrid (Cundinamarca)
Authors: Hernández Rojas Luis Antonio
Published: August 2021

La evaluación de la información geográfica básica de planchas a escala 1:25.000, elaboradas en diferentes épocas por el Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi, pretende, en un estudio de caso, dar a conocer el desarrollo de la cartografía oficial en términos cuantitativos, relacionados con la precisión ycalidad de los resultados obtenidos durante los 68 años de existencia de la entidad que ha sido ejecutora y autoridad cartográfica.El trabajo se realiza aprovechando tecnologías y procedimientos modernos para determinar la posición actual de una muestra significativa de puntos o detalles del terreno, que han sido permanentes en el tiempo y que aparecen en la restitución de las planchas de diferentes años que se están evaluando,comparándolos para conocer y explicar las razones de los cambios ocurridos y evaluar si cumplen las especificaciones de precisión definidas por la misma entidad.
Algal Diversity in Deepor Beel of Assam: A Ramsar Site of North East India
Authors: Baruah Partha Pratim , Boruah Bishmita , Nath Soumin , Kalita Himamani , Bhattacharjee Shaswatee
Published: August 2021

Explorations were made to enumerate and document algal diversity of the Deepor beel Ramsar site in Assam. A total of 219 algal species were reported belonging to Chlorophyta (73), Cyanobacteria (41), Charophyta (36), Euglenozoa (35) Bacillariophyta (27) and Ochrophyta (7) respectively. Out of which, around 108 species were reported for the first time from Assam. Cosmarium with 12 species was recorded to be the dominant genus which was followed by Desmodesmus (10), Phacus (10), Lepocinclis (8), Trachelomonas (8) and Closterium (7) respectively.
Observations on Nostochopsis lobata (Cyanoprokaryota; Nostocales; Nostochopsidaceae) in Eastern India
Authors: Mal Jay , Koley Narendra Nath , Keshri Jai Prakash
Published: August 2021

Nostochopsis Wood ex Bornet et Flahault is an uncommon genus with a tropical/pantropical in distribution. The present paper deals first report of N. lobata Wood ex Bornet et Flahault 1886 from Dooars region of West Bengal along with its detailed morphology and an illustration. Observation on various types of heterocysts in its natural form and their importance in context to the edible value have also been highlighted.
Impatiens sikkimensis (Balsaminaceae), A New Record for the Flora of Bhutan
Authors: Wangchuk Sangay , Jamtsho Sherab , Gyeltshen Phub , Subba Dhan Bahadur , Letro Letro
Published: August 2021

Impatiens sikkimensis earlier known to be endemic to the Sikkim and Darjeeling Himalaya has been found in Central Bhutan. The study shows an eastern range of the species affirming a new distributional record and an addition to the flora of Bhutan.
Essays on boundedly rational expectations in macroeconomics
Authors:   , Hagenhoff Tim
Published: August 2021

What are the implications of simple deviations from rational expectations for macroeconomic dynamics, monetary policy, consumption decisions and labor markets? Which biases underly even sophisticated survey expectations? I aim to answer these questions by building upon simple mathematical models of expectations that are boundedly rational and generate some disagreement across expectations. While monetary policy should be extraordinarily hawkish if it wants to control inflation under such expectations, it also generates substantial dispersion in consumption and wealth. Further, the sluggishness of labor market variables may be explained by sluggish expectations that affect, for instance, wage bargaining. Finally, expectations of professional forecasters are intrinsically persistent, depend on the last observed consensus forecast and also extrapolate current news more than would be rational.
DEPENDENCE OF PLAYING ONLINE GAMES WITH TIME MANAGEMENT AND PRO-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
Authors: Werdini Yoessy Etna , Suroso Suroso , Meiyutariningsih Tatik
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research is to know the relationship of dependence of playing online games with time management and behavioural prososial. Time management is an ability of students in use of time,that can set goals, priorities, and do control time in self-regulation. Prososial behavior is an action that encourages someone to do interpersonal relationships, working, honest and helping others. Online game addiction is a state of person who are tied to very strong habits and cannot off to play games online from time to time regardless of a negative impact to them. Analysis method used is quantitative approach using Product Moment Correlation technique of using 96 samples in class 2 State Junior High School 13 on Surabaya city. The result showed a positive relationship of dependence play online games with time management retrieved value rxy = 0.291 with probability of 0.004 (p < 0.05) there is a positive relationship of dependence with online gaming behavior prososial retrieved values rxy2 = 0.339 with probabili ties of 0.001 (p < 0.05). Thoose, the hypothesis about negative relationships between dependency play online games with time management and prosocial behavior, denied.
The Applications of Human Capital Theory and Educational Signalling Theory to Explain Parental Influences on the Chinese Population’s Social Mobility Opportunities
Authors: Hung Jason
Published: August 2021

Exisitng studies argue life chances are, in part, vertically reproduced. Such a statement is applicable to the Chinese contexts as, but not limited to, parental hukou status, to some extent, determines the life chances their children receive. In this essay, the author would like to introduce human capital theory (HCT) and educational signalling theory (EST), and assess how the applications of each of these two models can enrich the understanding of vertical reproduction of individuals’ social mobility opportunities. The author would also present the limitations of each of these two models when addressing relevant Chinese contexts.
An Attempt at a Theoretical Explanation of Violent Islamist Radicalization in Spain
Authors: Magariño Sergio García , Jiménez María
Published: August 2021

This paper is the first of a series of papers which aims to address Islamist violent radicalization from different angles: the nature of violent radicalization in the context of Spain, a comparison between European, North American and Indian violent radicalization, the need to refine territorial radicalization indexes within the context of preventing violent radicalization and the relation between Islamist violent radicalization and other forms of violent radicalization in Europe. This set of articles builds upon the general theoretical framework set by the author on two previous works (García, 2018; 2019). These works are framed under the known conception of three layers of micro, meso and macro factors contributing to violent radicalization processes (McCauley, Moskalenko, 2017). The paper starts by defining Islamist violent radicalization, then it explores different theoretical explanations and finally proposes an explanatory hypothesis that is tested against, on the one hand, data proceeding from different institutional sources in Spain and, on the other, some initial conversations which will become life stories and a in depth interviews to Spanish security officials and people who whether radicalized and regretted or lived very close to others that did it.
Influence of Degradation Products on the Elastic Stiffness Properties of Porous Absorbable Scaffolds Made From Bioabsorbable Metals
Authors: Bühring Jannik , Voshage Maximilian , Schleifenbaum Johannes Heinrich , Jahr Holger , Schröder Kai-Uwe
Published: August 2021

For orthopaedic applications, additive manufactured (AM) porous scaffolds made of absorbable metals like magnesium, zinc or iron are of particular interest. They do not only offer the potential to design and fabricate bio-mimetic or rather bone equivalent mechanical properties, they also do not need to be removed in further surgery. Located in a physiological environment, scaffolds made of absorbable metals show a decreasing Young’s modulus over time, due to product dissolution. For WE43 scaffolds, during the first days an increase of the smeared Young's modulus can be observed, which is mainly attributed to a forming substrate layer of degradation products on the struts surfaces. In this study the influence of degradation products on the stiffness properties of metallic scaffolds is investigated. For this, analytical calculations and finite element simulations are performed to study the influence of the substrate layer thickness and Young's modulus for single struts and for a new scaffold geometry with adapted polar f2cc,z unit cells. The finite element model is further validated by compression tests on AM scaffolds made from Zn1Mg. The results show, that even low thicknesses and Young's moduli of the substrate layer increases significantly the smeared Young's modulus under axial compression.
Isolated Arthroscopic-Assisted Subtalar Fusion
Authors: Loewen Allison , Ge Susan M. , Marwan Yousef , Berry Gregory K.
Published: August 2021

Background:

The subtalar joint has a complex anatomic function that includes inversion and eversion of the hindfoot, assisting in walking on uneven surfaces. Arthritis is the most common pathological condition affecting this joint and can require fusion. The surgery can be performed open or with arthroscopic assistance. This systematic review assesses articles written on the safety and efficacy of isolated arthroscopic subtalar fusion.

Methods:

Using MEDLINE and Embase, we systematically reviewed articles published before May 21, 2020.

Results:

Of 395 articles, 17 on a total of 395 patients (409 operations) were included in the review. The average duration of follow-up was 40.0 months (range, 3 to 105 months). Radiographic evidence of union was reported for 95.8% of cases at an average of 11.9 weeks (range, 6 to 56 weeks) postoperatively. Delayed union was reported in 1.0% of patients and nonunion, in 4.3% of patients. In the articles reporting patient satisfaction, including pain relief, 95.4% of patients had positive outcomes. Postoperative complications were reported in 64 patients (16.2%), including 37 (9.4%) with symptomatic implants, 11 (2.8%) with dysesthesia or neuropathic pain, and 3 (0.8%) with postoperative infection.

Conclusions:

Arthroscopic subtalar fusion is a safe and effective alternative to open subtalar arthrodesis, with high patient satisfaction rates, high union rates at similar follow-up intervals, and low complication rates. The aim of future research should be to determine the ideal cases for this approach as well as the most efficient arthroscopic surgical technique and postoperative rehabilitation to optimize function and union as seen on radiographs.

Level of Evidence:

TherapeuticLevel IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Role of Acupuncture in Postoperative Pain Management of Patients Undergoing Knee Arthroplasty Surgery
Authors: Lindsey Matthew H. , Mortensen Sharri , Xu Haijun , McNichol Megan , Abdeen Ayesha
Published: August 2021

» Acupuncture after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may decrease the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).

» Acupuncture did not decrease visual analog scale (VAS) scores in the 0 to 48-hour interval but did decrease VAS scores at >48 hours after TKA.

» The heterogeneity of the studies prevented meta-analysis of opioid use with acupuncture after TKA; a systematic review demonstrated mixed results.

» Additional studies are needed to investigate opioid reduction with acupuncture after TKA.
Russian-Kokand relations in the early 19th century (By the example of Philip Nazarov Embassy period)
Authors: Yakobjanov J.J.
Published: August 2021

This article focuses on the Kokand khanate and the political and diplomatic relations of the Russian Empire in the early 19th century. In the course of these diplomatic relations, several embassies were established between the two countries. One of these is Philip Nazarov. This article will tell you about its embassy, its purpose and its consequences.
The main stages of management accounting
Authors: Ilhom Karimovich Giyosov
Published: August 2021

In the conditions of globalization of the world economy, it is important to establish an effective system of management accounting at the enterprise. Management system requires efficient management of material, financial and human resources and a complete analysis of economic activities when applying management accounting.
Rhizobium Bacteria’s activity in the root
Authors: S.B. Mustanov  , X. Berdimurodov  , L.Sh.Toshtemirov
Published: August 2021

This article examines the activity of pea root bacteria and their effect on the agrochemical composition of the soil, which shows the effects on the activity, weight and soil fertility in the phases of germination, flowering, and legume cultivation.
Inversion as a stylistic instrument in poetic speech
Authors: Sobirov Anvar Kuvandikovich
Published: August 2021

In the methodological study of word order, it is important to look at it as a means of spiritual expression. The usual mode of expression is that it does not have the same sensitivity, but also provides a greater function of language communication. Inversion is characterized by stylistic dyes in the language of poetic works. The main purpose of the inversion is to ensure that the author's methodical purpose in literary texts, especially in the language of poetic works, helps the reader to quickly and easily understand the main point by highlighting and highlighting a part of the sentence.
Advantages of using technologies in education process
Authors: A.R.Ismailov  , G.Kh.Amirova
Published: August 2021

The article illustrates that the role of using modern technologies in teaching processes and discusses how it can be effective for schoolchildren and students
Ways of translation of ‘spirituality’ terms in English and Uzbek languages
Authors: Mehrinigor Bahodirovna Akhmedova
Published: August 2021

"Spirituality" consists of abstract concepts, it is difficult for a translator to find or choose the exact alternative to the unit. In the process of translation, the equivalent of one language unit may not be available in another language. In this case, the translation is expressed by a unit word or peripheral. These criteria are analysed in the article.
Improvement of assets management in commercial banks
Authors: Nabiev Z.K.
Published: August 2021

This paper analyses the banking practice of the Republic of Uzbekistan as it is necessary to develop stock transactions related to the issue of commercial bills in foreign currency. This concludes increasing the quantity and quality of securities in the investment portfolio.
Mining Power Management
Authors: Rahmatov Baxtiyor
Published: August 2021

This paper makes analyses of the improving of the use of energy resources. As it is considered as one of the factors that contributes to the stability and sustainable development of the economy in all industries.  Therefore, it has been investigated both theoritically and methodologically to make it as one of the most energy-intensive industries. To conclude with , qualitative changes in technology, the complication of mining and geological conditions for ore mining, and the introduction of environmental measures were mentioned as the whole.
The issues of using PISA in school geography classes
Authors: Hamrayeva Gulhayo
Published: August 2021

This article about the importance of working pisa tests with geographic lessons for learning geography is determined by the fact that without a new pedagogic technology can not be realized the main feature of any geography, object and phenomenon, namely geographic.In addition to, this article about what is the PISA program.
The importance of vocabulary in language learning process
Authors: Karimova  Shaxnozaxon Karimovna  , Ibragimova Dinara
Published: August 2021

This article considers about the interactive methods of teaching vocabulary at the educational establishments. We tried to analyze and generalize the scholars’ approaches towards the problem searched in our article. We hope this work can serve as a manual for teaches while teaching vocabulary.
The Importance of Financial Roles in Optimizing Laboratory Facilities
Authors: Fauziah Ucik , Hidayatulloh Hidayatulloh , Oktafia Renny
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the important role of finance in optimizing laboratory facilities. The research is using a qualitative-descriptive study with interview methods and triangulation techniques. Interviews were conducted with the Principal, Deputy Principal for Curriculum, Deputy Principal for Facilities and Infrastructure, and Treasurer of educational institutions. The results of this activity illustrate that the development of funding for educational institutions is expected to increase the ability of students in learning. One of them is the development of laboratory facilities.
Quality Management of Islamic Education in Hasan Langgulung's Perspective
Authors: Nizar A. , Nurdyansyah Nurdyansyah , Wahyuni Akhtim
Published: August 2021

This Study examines the lack of quality of Islamic education in a variety of education issues in general. Then this researcher will review how quality management of Islamic education in the perspective of Hasan Langgenger. The process of data collection is done by Naturally that the source of This research will be focused on the primary data that is the work of a Hasan Langgulung. Analysis results bring up the 3 themes discussed here: The quality of teacher education, the quality of Islamic education system, the role of parents on the quality of Islamic education. The study of the three themes is very useful to improve the quality management of Islamic education.
Implementation of Home Visite Program in Overcoming Student Learning Problems in SD Muhammadiyah 1 Pucanganom Sidoarjo
Authors: Syifa’ Lailatus , Nurdyansyah Nurdyansyah , ETIS Nyong
Published: August 2021

The implementation of the home visit program at SD Muhammadiyah 1 Pucanganom Sidoarjo is use a qualitative study. The implementation of a home visit at SD Muhammadiyah 1 Pucanganom Sidoarjo consists of: 1) Planning / preparation, at this stage the teacher must know in advance the purpose of carrying out a home visit / home visit. 2) Implementation, so that the implementation of home visit remains focused on the objectives, the teacher must be able to pay attention to the time available and be able to make good communication to build parent's trust before digging student data. 3) Evaluation, so that the implementation of a home visit is beneficial for parents, teachers and students, the teacher must conduct an evaluation of the completeness and usefulness and commitment of parents in handling student learning problems both at home and at school. 4) Follow-up, After the teacher visits the student's home and knows the student's learning problem both at home and at school, then to deal with the problem the teacher must follow up. 5) Prepare a report on the results of the home visit, After getting the results of the home visit activity the teacher makes a report accompanied by photos and complete documentation and the results are conveyed to the principal. In home visit activities there are several supporting and inhibiting factors that are very influential including: family, school, and community environment. While the inhibiting factors include: Limited supervision of the school, awareness of students, the influence of television shows and gadgets. In implementing the home visit at SD Muhida there were also several obstacles so that the home visit encountered obstacles including: 1) the lack of follow-up in home visit activities. 2) The teacher does not support the home visit activities. 3) lack of support from parents. 4) less able to adjust the time.
Application of a Literacy Culture Approach to Foster Student Learning Motivation
Authors: Ummah Hidayatul , Hariyanto Budi , Churrohman Taufiq
Published: August 2021

Literacy culture is a habit practiced by every individual to use their abilities and potentials. Literacy is applied in schools / madrasas before the learning time starts getting used to students to read non-textbooks. The purpose of this research is to increase students' motivation to learn from habits that are built early on. This research is a type of qualitative research with observational methods, interviews and documentation from various data sources, which will be the respondents to be interviewed are the headmaster of Muhammadiyah 3 Waru Middle School, some teaching teachers and some of the junior high school students in the school. The results of this study are 1) the existence of literacy culture is able to increase student motivation, in SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Waru with a culture of reading before the lesson starts approximately 15 minutes, 2) there are supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing this literacy culture as for supporting factors from the literacy culture in the school with adequate facilities and infrastructure and the absence of students who arrive late for school to take part in literacy program activities. Lack of motivation from students themselves or outside students, so the lack of supporting facilities and infrastructure. 3) solving the existing problems is increasing the motivation of various parties, especially the school and parents of students as well as supporting facilities and infrastructure.
The Urgency of Supervision on the Performance of PAUD Al Muttaqin Plus Gempol Pasuruan
Authors: Asfiati Mufidah , Nurdyansyah Nurdyansyah , Wahyuni Akhtim
Published: August 2021

Suprvision isa series ofsupervisory activities carried out by a supervisor or headmaster on teacher performance, supervision activities at PAUD level have been regulated in Permendikbud No. 137 of 2014 concerning National Standards for PAUD implementation,but inreality not all PAUD institutions carry out supervision activities according to government policy,so the purpose of this study was to determine the urgency of supervision to improve theacher performance in Al Muttaqin Plus PAUD. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with participatory observation data collection techniques. And data analysis techniques using data reduction. Based on results and discussion in this study, it was found that the supervision activities carried out by the school principal hada positive impact on the performance of PAUD Al Muttaqin Plus teachers.
Madrasah Chief Leadership in Human Resource Development in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah 2 Kedungbanteng
Authors: Bukron Ahmad , Oktavia Renny , Wahyuni Akhtim
Published: August 2021

Leadership or often called leadership according to the literal meaning is days lead or the quality of the leader.  The leadership is an activity or art to influence the behavior of people who are led to be willing to work together towards one goal that is set or desired together.  While the development of human resources is an effort to develop existing in an educational institution.  The focus of this research is to explore the leadership pattern of a madrasah head in order to develop human resources, in this case educators and educational staff. This research uses a descriptive method carried out through data collection in the field giving an overview of madrasah head leadership, this research approach uses qualitative approach  This research data in the form of quotes, words, phrases, and story sentences.  Data sources in this study were observations of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah 2 Kedungbanteng Tanggulangin.
Principal's Strategy in Forming Students' Religious Character (Case Study at SD Muhammadiyah 1 Sedati, Sidoarjo)
Authors: Furqon Furqon , Nurdyansyah Nurdyansyah
Published: August 2021

This study aims to explain in depth the principal's strategy in forming the religious character of students: a case study in Muhammadiyah 1 Primary School, Sedati, Sidoarjo. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Data sources were taken from the principal, teachers, employees, students, parents of students and the general public. Data collection tools include interviews, observations, and documentation. From the results of the study illustrate that the Religious Character Building of Students in Muhammadiyah 1 Sedati Elementary School, Sidoarjo includes: (a) Al Qur'an Reading and Writing Program (BTQ) (b) Tahfidh Al Quran Learning Program (c) Implementation of Dhuhur and Asr Prayer (d) ) Customizing Smile Greetings and Shaking Hands (e) Learning ISMUBA curriculum (f) Commemoration of Islamic Holidays (PHBI) (2) The principal's strategy in building the religious character of students is manifested in religious cultured school programs in Muhammadiyah Elementary School 1 Sedati, Sidoarjo.
Cadre As Early Education In Understanding Islam And Muhammadiyah
Authors: Mappanyompa Mappanyompa
Published: August 2021

Collectively cadres are those who have been completed to follow all formal, tested in the informal cadre and have a provision through a non-formal cadre. Their existence is not only expected in the existence of the organization is maintained, but also expected the cadre will still bring the mission of organizational movement to the plenary. The Caderisasi occupies a very strategic position for the survival of Muhammadiyah as a requirement for the Islamic Da'wah and movement of the Islamist ma'ruf nahi munka. It is time for the caderisation to have a sincere attention from all the leadership of Muhammadiyah and the head of Muhammadiyah business charity, especially in West Nusa Tenggara whose condition is different from other regions, must be based on the intention Sincerely to live the Muhammadiyah and not merely seek life in Muhammadiyah as the founder's message the deceased KH. Ahmad Dahlan. Do not happen later that there are people who do not know the origins of the former will become the core player of Muhammadiyah or Muhammadiyah business charity, while people who are long-standing and unquestionably committed He was just the audience.
Behavior of "Grooming" Educators in Elementary Schools
Authors: Agustin Hana , Sari Dewi Ratna , Resida Mega , Anwar Muhammad Alfanani
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan, mengindentifikasi serta menentukan macam-macam perilaku grooming pendidik di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka atau library research  yang sumber utamanya adalah data-data pustaka, seluruh data pustaka dianalisa dengan teknik analisis data kualitatif dengan teknik deskriptif komparatif dan analisis kritis. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, pendidik di Indonesia harus memiliki sikap yang baik sebagai tauladan bagi anak-anak. Peran orang tua juga sangat penting dalam memperhatikan anak-anak mereka bergaul di lingkungan luar.
The Effect of Guided Discovery Learning Model on the Science Process Skills of Students in State VII Bangil Middle School Class VII on Environmental Pollution Materials
Authors: Adilah Sabila Nurul , Efendi Nur
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of Guided discovery learning models on the science process skills of students in SMP Negeri 3 Bangil class VII on the material of environmental pollution. This type of research is quasi experimental, with non equivalent design pre-test and post-test control group. The sampling technique used purposive sampling obtained 2 classes, namely class VII G as a control class and class VII H as an experimental class. The instrument of this research is a test of science process skills in environmental pollutants with data collection techniques using the test method, namely pre-test and post-test. Data analysis techniques were carried out using the t-test. The results showed that the Guided discovery learning model had a significant effect on the science process skills of students in SMP Negeri 3 Bangil class VII on the material of environmental pollution.