bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production and Characterization of Biogenic Silica
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Angural Steffy , Sakshi  , Dhawan Manish , Parmar Manisha , Sharma Swati
Published: December 2024

Availability of agricultural biomass residues is increasing worldwide and these residues are used as the origin for making biogenic silica. These residues are eco-friendly, renewable and a rich source of silica content. They can be used in various applications such as bioenergy and bioavailability, engineering tools, materials required for construction and batteries, silica gels, catalysts and many more because of their cheap and cost-effective substrate. Now-a-days, the most important applications are use of silica nanoparticles, biomineralization and in the study of oceanic diatoms. To fulfill the requirements of industries, there is a need for production of large amounts of biosilica materials. This chapter illustrates various production methods of biogenic silica from agricultural wastes. It also provides the details of different medium for the optimum production of biogenic silica. However, characterization is very important to study the properties and functioning of any substrate before its application in any industrial process. This chapter also elaborates on the methods of characterization such as thermal analysis (TG–DTA), inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES), X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as well as microwave-assisted process for silica production. Hence, a large production of silica from agricultural waste sustains the safety of environmental pollution, but also provides extra revenue and develops the sustainable economic growth.
Biosilica Nanoparticles from Agricultural Waste and Their Applications
Authors: Yadav Mohini , Gupta Shreya , Sharma Swati , George Nancy
Published: December 2024

A variety of nanoparticles are currently transforming many aspects of human life and offering creative solutions for overcoming current issues in a sustainable way. In this context, silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have lately become significant nanomaterials with wide-ranging applications. SiNPs are attractive for their use in a variety of industries, including biomedicine and environment clean-up, because of their variable and tuneable properties. Agricultural waste such as rice and wheat husk, sugarcane bagasse, corn cob, etc. are much explored for synthesis of nanoparticles through chemical methods but usage of biological means is very limited. Therefore, they have a lot of potential as one of the many low-cost and renewable resources being researched as a source of precursor materials for the synthesis of SiNPs. Creating nanosilica from agro-waste opens up new management and value-adding options for agricultural waste. Different conventional methods are in use to extract the bonded silica from agro-wastes, however, extraction mediated by microorganisms can make the process even more environmentally benign and hence has a lot of research potential. This chapter identifies different agricultural wastes that can be used to produce SiNPs as precursors and describes in detail how SiNPs are biologically extracted from agro-waste and a number of SiNP applications are also discussed.
Biogenic Silica for Biosensors and Bioimaging Applications
Authors: Ulucan-Karnak Fulden , Mishra Sachin , Moradi Hiresh , Kuru Cansu İlke
Published: December 2024

Biogenic silica is an excellent alternative to synthetic silica due to its changeable structure, content, and density, which can be opal, biogenic opal, or amorphous opaline forms of silica. The creation of biogenic silica (SiO2) is recognized as an inspiration for innovative biomimetic techniques including live creatures such as diatoms, protozoa, sponges, and agricultural bio sources such as corn cob, coffee husk, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, and wheat husk wastes. Silica-based nanomaterials may be developed, manufactured, and adjusted to the desired size, chemical structure, and physical characteristics in a variety of forms, including fumed, colloidal, gel, and aerogels. These materials are noted for their outstanding features in biosensing and bioimaging, including porousness, fluorescence, photostability, dispersibility, plasticity, and biodegradability. Acute and long term toxicity and bioaccumulation of the biogenic silica nanomaterials should be considered and investigated for novel designs due to intended use. In this chapter, it is aimed to emphasize the potential of biogenic silica for biosensing and bioimaging applications.
Biogenic Silica Composites for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Selvakani Prabakaran , Raguraman Muthuraman , Rajan Mariappan
Published: December 2024

The biomedical sector has drawn great interest from researchers as an interdisciplinary field that focuses on tissue repair, localized delivery of treatments, bio-sensing, and imaging. The three primary elements, which include biomaterials, cells, and bioactive molecules are involved in effective bone tissue engineering along with their high specific tumor targeting ability but those are highly expensive and difficult to prepare. To solve these problems, a new developing area with noteworthy biomedical applications is natural sources-based biomaterials especially biosilica biomaterials and its composites. Improved efficacy and accuracy in meeting the demands of next-generation nanomedicines will require a new understanding of the connection between biosilica nanoparticles’ physiochemical characteristics and biological behavior. In the meantime, it would be crucial to conceptually change from a straightforward spatiotemporal control mechanism to a more complex biochemistry and signaling pathway regulation. Interestingly, the same bio-mineralization process has taken place in the structure of natural bone and diatom biosilica. Biosilica is a biocompatible, natural inorganic polymer formed by an enzymatic reaction, intermediated by an enzyme silicate present in the siliceous sponges. Right here, we delivered the extracted knowledge about biosilica formation with the necessary awareness highlighting the molecular mechanisms, biomedical field, and present-day innovative programs of biosilica for biomedical applications. This chapter could encourage biomedical scientists to develop novel hybrid biosilica based biomaterials using molecular biomimetic strategies and also as a result, which brings the bio-silicification process nearer to practical biomedical applications.
Facile and Scalable Fabrication of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) Sensors on Poriferous Laser-Engraved Graphene Electrodes for Stress Monitoring
Authors: Sharma Atul , Owyeung Rachel , Thomas Ayanna , Siraj Sohel , Keshari Bishal Kumar , Sahatiya Parikshit , Sonkusale Sameer
Published: December 2024

Monitoring cortisol levels is essential for understanding the body's response to stress. Traditional cortisol testing is confined to centralized labs, and current portable platforms are based on slow and complex...
Molten salt-assisted synthesis of boron-doped carbon nitride for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Li Xingzhou , Quan Yongkang , Chen Rongxing , Wang Guorong , Zhang Yingzhen , Huang Jianying , Lai Yuekun
Published: December 2024

Boron atoms in KBCN promote electron transfer in the heptazine unit plane. Potassium atoms act as charge-transfer channels between the layers to inhibit the recombination of photogenerated carriers.
K+-regulated vanadium oxide heterostructure enables high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Li Haibing , Zhu Liyun , Fan Weijun , Xiao Yi , Wu Jiadong , Mi Hongyu , Zhang Fumin , Yang Linyu
Published: December 2024

Novel triple-phase K2V3O8, K3V8O21 and VO2 heterostructures were synthesized using a solid reaction procedure for zinc-ion batteries.
Expression of concern: Localized electropolymerization on oxidized boron-doped diamond electrodes modified with pyrrolyl units
Authors: Actis Paolo , Manesse Mael , Nunes-Kirchner Carolina , Wittstock Gunther , Coffinier Yannick , Boukherroub Rabah , Szunerits Sabine
Published: December 2024

Expression of concern for ‘Localized electropolymerization on oxidized boron-doped diamond electrodes modified with pyrrolyl units’ by Paolo Actis et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2006, 8, 4924–4931, https://doi.org/10.1039/B611735J.
Correction: Hierarchical supramolecular assembly based on metal coordination of asymmetric ligand pairs and host–guest recognition
Authors: Li Hui , Dong Yan , Li RiQiang , Zhang Yan , Liu Shengyong , Tian Wei
Published: December 2024

Correction for ‘Hierarchical supramolecular assembly based on metal coordination of asymmetric ligand pairs and host–guest recognition’ by Hui Li et al., Org. Chem. Front., 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QO01926A.
Expression of concern: Plasmonic photothermal cancer therapy with gold nanorods/reduced graphene oxide core/shell nanocomposites
Authors: Turcheniuk Kostiantyn , Dumych Tetiana , Bilyy Rostyslav , Turcheniuk Volodymyr , Bouckaert Julie , Vovk Volodymyr , Chopyak Valentyna , Zaitsev Vladimir , Mariot Pascal , Prevarskaya Natasha , Boukherroub Rabah , Szunerits Sabine
Published: December 2024

Expression of concern for ‘Plasmonic photothermal cancer therapy with gold nanorods/reduced graphene oxide core/shell nanocomposites’ by Kostiantyn Turcheniuk et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 1600–1610, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA24662H.
Expression of concern: Unprecedented inhibition of glycosidase-catalyzed substrate hydrolysis by nanodiamond-grafted O-glycosides
Authors: Siriwardena Aloysius , Khanal Manakamana , Barras Alexandre , Bande Omprakash , Mena-Barragán Teresa , Mellet Carmen Ortiz , Garcia Fernández José Manuel , Boukherroub Rabah , Szunerits Sabine
Published: December 2024

Expression of concern for ‘Unprecedented inhibition of glycosidase-catalyzed substrate hydrolysis by nanodiamond-grafted O-glycosides’ by Aloysius Siriwardena et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 100568–100578, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA21390H.
Expression of concern: Preparation of reduced graphene oxide–Ni(OH)2 composites by electrophoretic deposition: application for non-enzymatic glucose sensing
Authors: Subramanian Palaniappan , Niedziolka-Jonsson Joanna , Lesniewski Adam , Wang Qian , Li Musen , Boukherroub Rabah , Szunerits Sabine
Published: December 2024

Expression of concern for ‘Preparation of reduced graphene oxide–Ni(OH)2 composites by electrophoretic deposition: application for non-enzymatic glucose sensing’ by Palaniappan Subramanian et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2014, 2, 5525–5533, https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA00123K.
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs
Authors: Ruh H. L. , Zechmeister M. , Reiners A. , Nagel E. , Shan Y. , Cifuentes C. , Jeffers S. V. , Tal-Or L. , Béjar V. J. S. , Amado P. J. , Caballero J. A. , Quirrenbach A. , Ribas I. , Aceituno J. , Hatzes A. P. , Henning Th. , Kaminski A. , Montes D. , Morales J. C. , Schöfer P. , Schweitzer A. , Varas R.
Published: December 2024

Context. Radial velocity (RV) jitter represents an intrinsic limitation on the precision of Doppler searches for exoplanets that can originate from both instrumental and astrophysical sources.

Aims. We aim to determine the RV jitter floor in M dwarfs and investigate the stellar properties that lead to RV jitter induced by stellar activity.

Methods. We determined the RV jitter in 239 M dwarfs from the CARMENES survey that are predominantly of mid to late spectral type and solar metallicity. We also investigated the correlation between stellar rotation and magnetic fields with RV jitter.

Results. The median jitter in the CARMENES sample is 3.1 m s−1, and it is 2.3 m s−1 for stars with an upper limit of 2 km s−1 on their projected rotation velocities. We provide a relation between the stellar equatorial rotation velocity and RV jitter in M dwarfs based on a subsample of 129 well-characterized CARMENES stars. RV jitter induced by stellar rotation dominates for stars with equatorial rotation velocities greater than 1 km s−1. A jitter floor of 2 m s−1 dominates in stars with equatorial rotation velocities below 1 km s−1. This jitter floor likely contains contributions from stellar jitter, instrumental jitter, and undetected companions. We study the impact of the average magnetic field and the distributions of magnetic filling factors on the RV jitter. We find a series of stars with excess RV jitter and distinctive distributions of magnetic filling factors. These stars are characterized by a dominant magnetic field component between 2 to 4 kG.

Conclusions. An RV jitter floor can be distinguished from RV jitter induced by activity and rotation based on the stellar equatorial rotation velocity. RV jitter induced by activity and rotation primarily depends on the equatorial rotation velocity. This RV jitter is also related to the distribution of magnetic filling factors, and this emphasizes the role of the magnetic field in the generation of RV jitter.
The lithium-rich giant stars puzzle: New observational trends for a general-mass-loss scenario
Authors: de la Reza R.
Published: December 2024

The existence of one percent of lithium-rich giant stars among normal, lithium-poor giant stars continues to be poorly explained. By merging two catalogues – one containing 10,535 lithium-rich giant stars with lithium abundances ranging from 1.5 to 4.9 dex, and the other detecting infrared sources – we have found 421 clump giant stars and 196 first-ascending giant stars with infrared excesses indicating stellar mass losses. The clump stars are the most lithium-rich. Approximately 5.8 percent of these stars appear to episodically lose mass in periods of approximately 104 years or less, while the remaining stars ceased their mass loss and maintained their lithium for nearly 107 years. We propose a scenario in which all giant stars with masses below two solar masses undergo prompt lithium enrichment with mass-ejection episodes. We suggest that the mass loss results from internal angular-momentum transport. It is possible that a transitory instability, perhaps of magnetic origin, rapidly transports the nuclear material responsible for the lithium enrichment to the stellar surface and triggers shell ejections. Additionally, the strong mass loss in some lithium-rich stars during their evolution activates their chromospheres, as observed in ultraviolet spectra. Furthermore, intense episodical mass losses in these stages led to the observable formation of complex organic and inorganic particles, as detected in near-infrared spectra. In contrast to first-ascending giant stars, helium flashes during the clump can contribute to additional lithium enrichment alongside the aforementioned process. The combination of these two lithium sources may explain the much higher observed lithium abundances in clump stars, as well as their observed infrared excesses. If our scenario – based on a universal and rapid lithium enrichment episode process – is correct, it could explain the rarity of lithium-rich giant stars.
Features and prospects for kilonova remnant detection with current and future surveys
Authors: Kumar Acharya Sandeep , Beniamini Paz , Hotokezaka Kenta
Published: December 2024

We study the observable spectral and temporal properties of kilonova remnants (KNRs) analytically, and point out quantitative differences with respect to supernova remnants. We provide detection prospects of KNRs in the context of ongoing radio surveys. We find that there is a good chance to expect tens of these objects in future surveys with a flux threshold of ∼0.1 mJy. Kilonova remnants from a postulated population of long-lived supermassive neutron star remnants of neutron star mergers are even more likely to be detected, as they are extremely bright and peak earlier. For an ongoing survey with a threshold of ∼1 mJy, we expect to find tens to hundreds of such objects if they are a significant fraction of the total kilonova (KN) population. Considering that there are no such promising KN candidates in presently ongoing surveys, we constrain the fraction of these extreme KN to be no more than 30 percent of the overall KN population. This constraint depends sensitively on the details of ejecta mass and external density distribution.
Study on influence of propellant flow rate on ECR ion source beam current
Authors: MOU Hao , GENG Hai , WU Xianming , PU Yanxu , TAN Renwei , YANG Juan
Published: December 2024

The electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source with grid inlet has the characteristics of low propellant supply pressure and no cathode required for operation, so it has the potential for application in atmosphere breathing electric propulsion. The flow rate has a significant impact on the beam current of the ion source. When the flow rate exceeds the critical flow rate, the increase of the ion beam is suppressed. To clarify the determining factors that limit the increase of ion beam flow, this paper conducted Langmuir probe diagnostic experiments on ECR ion sources with grid inlet driven by nitrogen gas at different flow rates, and calculated the distribution of ordinary (O) wave cutoff region and electron energy acquisition indicators based on the diagnostic results. The research results indicate that when the flow rate is below the critical flow rate, the ion density rapidly increases with the increase of flow rate, and the main factor limiting the increase of ion beam is the neutral gas density. When the flow rate exceeds the critical flow rate, the O wave cutoff zone almost covers the entire main plasma production aera, which leads to a decrease of one order of magnitude in the efficiency of electron energy acquisition. At this moment, the main factor limiting the increase of ion beams shifts to electron temperature.
An adaptive processing model for large superalloy pipeline components
Authors: LUO Ziyan , QIN Xiansheng , WANG Zhanxi , LIU Weiwei , LI Shulu
Published: December 2024

Many large pipeline components in an aerospace engine are made of superalloy. Precision machining of superalloy curved surface components is an important way to achieve the weight reduction of the aerospace engine’s gas pipeline system. However, this type of components often uses the hot forging technique to process blanks, and the components processed with the technique have large deformation and difficulties in cutting, which jointly exacerbate the complexity of mechanical processing. Domestic and foreign scholars have conducted fruitful theoretical and experimental study of adaptive machining theory, curved surface path planning algorithms and model reconstruction methods. At present, the theoretical analysis methods for deformation analysis and error compensation in the adaptive machining of high-temperature alloys are not clear; The precise physical model reconstruction technology is not yet mature and engineering applications are not yet popularized. Therefore, this article proposes a precise registration algorithm for the mechanical processing of superalloy pipeline blanks after forging and forming based on inner curved surface. Combined with digital measurement techniques of curved surfaces, it achieves the adaptive processing model reconstruction of large pipeline components. The technical feasibility is verified through curved surface model reconstruction and adaptive processing experiments.
Analysis influence of engine’s dynamic characteristics on helicopter’s flight quality
Authors: WEI Yuan , CHEN Renliang
Published: December 2024

This article analyses the influence of an engine’s dynamic characteristics on a helicopter’s flight quality during hover/low speed forward flight. Firstly, based on the power matching relationship between the engine and the helicopter, a helicopter-engine coupling model was established. The torque response, altitude response, and collective yaw coupling characteristic in the ADS-33E-PRF flight quality criteria was used to quantitatively evaluate the influence of the dynamic characteristics. The results indicate that the lag in the engine’s output leads to deterioration in the flight quality of the helicopter such as torque and collective-yaw coupling motion and has a negative influence on the helicopter’s altitude response flight quality. As the forward flight speed increases, the influence of the engine on torque response characteristics and collective yaw coupling effect further increases, but the adverse influence on altitude response is alleviated. This study provides reference for the design of helicopter-engine coupling control laws.
Directed infrared emissions of two designed metasurfaces with ceramic arrays
Authors: JIANG Wei , WANG Zhihong , HU Yisong , XU Jiansheng , LUO Fa
Published: December 2024

Two metasurfaces of ceramic arrays (A and B) were designed and the 11 μm infrared emission behaviors of them were studied. Both metasurfaces show obvious directed IR emissions. For array A, the radius of inner cylinder R1 and thickness t1 of the ceramics dominate the directional behavior of the IR emissions. The optimized structural parameters are R1=1.0 μm and t1≥1.2 μm with an effective IR emission angle θ in 0°~50 ° and emissivity ε≥0.7 achieved. For array B with Rc=1.05 μm, R1=0.1 μm, t1=0.85 μm, the IR emission is mainly constrained in θ>10°, and an obvious ϕ dependence is observed as θ>40°. The IR emission is higher at ϕ=45° or 135°(±45°) as θ>10° with ε=0.4 at θ=65°. The IR emission is affected by the thickness t1 obviously, with an effective thickness 0.3 μm≤t1≤1.7 μm at Rc=1.0 μm, R1=0.3 μm, and ϕ=0°. For array B with the optimized t1=1.2 μm (ϕ=0°), the IR emission is directed at θ~40° with the emissivity 0.7.
A WLAN-oriented distributed hierarchical parallel simulation method
Authors: JIA Wenfei , YANG Mao , YAN Zhongjiang , LI Bo
Published: December 2024

To solve the problem that the efficiency decreases with the increase of terminal nodes in wireless local area network(WLAN) distributed parallel simulation, a WLAN-oriented distributed hierarchical parallel simulation method is proposed. Firstly, considering the WLAN star network topology, the process of the simulated access point (AP) is denoted as the main process, which is responsible for time synchronization with the other processes of the simulated station (STA) nodes in the WLAN network. Secondly, the processes of all simulated STAs are then evenly divided into groups, and the group leader is responsible for the synchronization of processes within the group. Then, after the main process broadcasts the simulation start event, the group leader process firstly collects the end message of the group member's terminal node, and then reports to the main process. A three-layer hierarchical structure is constructed, consisting of the main process layer, the group leader process layer and the group member process layer. Finally, the time gain factor of the hierarchical simulation method is analyzed and obtained in closed-form expression, under the different computational loads. Simulation results show that comparing to the existing non-hierarchical simulation method, when the average computational load is 1.2x time unit and the nodes number is 100, the gain of the proposed method can reach 50%.
Dynamic modeling and motion characteristics analysis of variable-length aerial refueling hose-drogue system
Authors: ZHAO Wenbi , ZHANG Zehua , ZHAO Ying , YANG Su , QU Yaohong , XI Qingbiao
Published: December 2024

During the aerial refueling process, the hose-drogue is disturbed by the complex airflow to occur irregular shaking motion, while the hose-drogue in the impact of the receiver often lead to whipping phenomenon, limiting the success rate and safety of refueling. In order to study the motion characteristics of the refueling hose-drogue system, a variable-length dynamic model of the hose-drogue system was established based on the absolute nodal coordinate method. Considering the damping properties of the hose material, the reel movement of the refueling pod mechanism, and the turbulent and wake vortex in the refueling process, according to the multi-body dynamics theory, the accurate dynamic model of the refueling hose-drogue system under the complex wind field is obtained. By using the finite element analysis software ANSYS and Simulink numerical calculation method, the sinking amount of the drogue under the steady dragging state of the hose is simulated, which shows the accuracy and feasibility of the modeling method proposed in this paper. Meanwhile, the Simulink numerical results of the hose-drogue drag are compared with the public data of NASA. Through numerical simulations, the stable dragging state of the refueling hose at different flight altitudes/speeds are determined, the dynamic characteristics of the hose whipping phenomenon at different docking speeds are analyzed, and the influence of different force measurement feedback points on the whipping suppression effect are verified.
Designing Research Based-Teaching Learning Sequence about Chemistry of the Elements and Sustainable Metallurgy: An Effort to Strengthen Students Systems Thinking Skills
Authors: Husna Nisyya Syarifatul , Hernani Hernani , Mudzakir Ahmad , Supriatna Asep , Purwanto Agung , Fediawati Noor , Kadaritna Nina , Diawati Chansyanah
Published: December 2024

Sustainable nickel laterite metallurgy can be introduced as a scientific issue through structured learning steps. This study aims to develop a validated and tested learning design that can foster system thinking among prospective chemistry teachers using a research-based approach in the context of sustainable nickel laterite metallurgy. The Development Research process guided by the Model of Educational Reconstruction (MER) consists of three main components: (1) clarification and analysis of science content, (2) research on students' preconceptions regarding specific science content, and (3) design and evaluation of the learning stages and learning environment. The research subjects involved 60 students from the chemistry education program taking the element chemistry course at a public university in Bandung and Bandar Lampung. Data collection was carried out using instruments for the learning design developed based on scientific conceptions, preconceptions, and system thinking, as well as triangulation among evaluators regarding the learning design and student response questionnaires concerning the element chemistry course, along with interviews about the course. The chemistry education curriculum can consider using a research-based learning design that incorporates sustainability aspects into chemistry practices to enhance students’ system thinking skills.
Ethnoscience Study on Sono’ Cow Traditional Contest: A Conservation Strategy in Sustainable Education
Authors: Yasir Mochammad , Sidik Rahmad Fajar , Amelia Ainunnuril , Mayangsari Elisa Indah
Published: December 2024

Several cultures on Madura Island are closely related to science, but many people unaware about it, such as the traditional sono' cow contest (TSCC) in Pamekasan. This study aims to describe the results of ethnoscience research in traditional sono' cow contest in terms of scientific activities and concepts. The type of research is qualitative using an ethnographic approach. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation to identify scientific activities and concepts in the traditional sono' cow contest. The researcher is the main instrument in this study. The data obtained were analyzed using the triangulation method. The results of the study show that scientific activities manifested in TSCC are choosing the shape of the sono' cow based on the size and standard units, determining the sono' cow to be contested based on the characteristics and peculiarity of superior cows, making herbal medicine, determining equipment and materials that meet material properties, and contest procedures that involve harmony and balance. Meanwhile, there are scientific concepts in TSCC such as size and units, characteristics and classification of living things and biodiversity, material properties, ecosystems and their interactions, ethnobotany, conservation, and body regulation systems. It can be concluded that the traditional sono' cow contest can be used as a strategy for conserving superior Madurese cow germplasm in sustainability education as a source of science learning. This study suggests strengthening local wisdom culture in sustainability education through the integration of local content in the curriculum.
The Role of Oral Literature in Preserving the Maritime Cultural Identity of the Malay Community in the Riau Islands
Authors: Irawan Dody , Suhardi Suhardi , Leoni Tessa Dwi , Zaitun Zaitun , Musliha Musliha , Patria Robby , Kurmalasari Tety , Tampubolon Rines Onyxi , Atmadinata Atmadinata
Published: December 2024

Oral literature plays a significant role in preserving the maritime cultural identity of the Riau Islands community. This article examines how folklore, myths, legends, and pantun (traditional rhymed poetry) serve as media for conveying traditional knowledge, social norms, and cultural identity to younger generations. Utilizing qualitative methods and approaches, this research explores the role of oral literature in maintaining maritime cultural heritage amidst the currents of modernization and globalization.
Is it Possible to Develop Renewable Energy as a Learning Media at a University in The Coastal Area of Indonesia?
Authors: Sarkity Dios , Irawan Bony , Sundari Putri Dwi , Pratama Yudi
Published: December 2024

Climate change is a problem that, if left unchecked, will threaten the lives of living things on Earth. The use of renewable energy can be a solution to this problem. This can be started by making it a learning medium at university. This research is a descriptive-analytical study conducted at Raja Ali Haji Maritime University. The study aims to analyze the possibility of building renewable energy as a learning medium at the university by considering aspects of regional conditions, including exposure to sunlight, wind power, and sea wave power. With its area located in the coastal area, the development of renewable energy as a learning medium is possible at Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji. The habituation of students to using renewable energy can be started by universities that facilitate the development of renewable energy as a learning media that can be used by students.
Improving Environmental Love Attitude Through Ecoliteracy Learning at Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Fatmawati Ira , Kayati Afiyah Nur
Published: December 2024

Schools in the Islamic boarding school environment has a lot of influence on education. This research aims to increase the attitude of loving the environment through ecoliteracy learning at Islamic boarding schools. Ecoliteracy learning is integrated into formal lessons at school. The research method used is Classroom Action Research which Kurt Lewin developed. The results of the research showed positive progress starting from cycle 1 to cycle 3. In cycle 1 it was only 39% and those who did not master the material were 61%. The results of the 2nd cycle test showed that the percentage ratio of the number of students who managed to master ≥70% of the subject matter was 70% and those who had not mastered the subject matter was 30%. The test results show that the percentage of students who succeeded in mastering the subject material was 80% and those who did not master the material was 20%. The increase in test scores based on environmental love indicators shows that the integration of ecoliteracy-based learning can increase environmental love behavior, especially in Islamic dormitory.
The Use of Miniature Kelong as a Learning Medium for 7th Grade Students at SMP Negeri 10 Bintan
Authors: Suharyanto Suharyanto , Rifai Irfan , Kamsuri Kamsuri , Sigalingging Saipul , Irawan Dody , Zaitun Zaitun
Published: December 2024

The objective of the study is to improve students' learning outcomes in calculating the density of a kelong using a miniature kelong as a learning medium. The author guides students in calculating the density of the miniature kelong, which is made from plastic straws and used bottles with a known volume. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method, employing pre-test and post-test scores. The students' scores were then analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The population consists of 34 students from the 7th grade of SMPN 10 Bintan, all of whom were also used as the sample in this study. The results show a significant improvement of 18 points or 28%, based on the average pre-test score of 64 and the average post-test score of 82. Using the miniature kelong as a medium, students were able to calculate the maximum mass capacity of the kelong.
Analysis Of The Practicality Of Educational Animation Learning Media Based On Linktr.Ee On Explanatory Text Material For 11th Grade Students Of State High School 4 Tanjungpinang For The 2023/2024 Academic Year
Authors: Loren Fabio Testy Ariance , Elfitra Legi , Wahyusari Ahada , Malik Abdul , Santy Isnaini Leo , Selvira Lisa , Sarkity Dios , Zhou Shenglan
Published: December 2024

Learning media actually aims to make it easier to achieve learning goals. However, easy use will increase the function of the learning media. Therefore, this research aims to see the practicality of educational animation learning media using the Linktr.ee platform in explanatory text material for class XI students at SMA Negeri 4 Tanjungpinang for the 2023/2024 academic year. Data was collected through a media practicality questionnaire by students involving 6 students for small groups and 30 students for large groups. Data analysis was carried out using quantitative descriptive methods. The results of this research show that educational animated learning media using the Linktr.ee platform is very good for use in learning with the percentage of trials with students showing an average of 93% with the criteria “very practical” from small groups and an average of 84% with the criteria “very practical” from a large group.
Amplifying Students’s Understanding of the Basic Concept of the Periodic Table through Wordwall in the Coastal School of Riau Islands
Authors: Natasha Febiana , Fitriani Putri , Hutajulu Ezra Solafide , Pohan Anggi Amanda
Published: December 2024

Learning media has an important role in reinforcing chemistry materials, especially the periodic table. The study aims to develop Wordwall as an educational media in strengthening the understanding of the periodic system table in coastal school. The study uses Research and Development with the ADDIE research method until the implementation stage. This media was validated by 2 lecturers of Chemistry Education at Raja Ali Haji Maritime University. From the material expert, the results obtained were 92.5% with very valid information, while from the media expert, 75% was obtained with valid information in the first stage and 85% with very valid information in the second stage. Meanwhile, the results of teacher practicality obtained 83.33% with a very valid statement and the results of student practicality with two aspects, the effectiveness aspect obtained 81.42% with a very effective statement and the attractiveness aspect obtained 77.33% with an interesting statement. With this research, it can be concluded that the learning media for strengthening understanding of the periodic table is very valid, very effective, and interesting to use in the learning process in coastal schools in the Riau Islands.
Students' Acceptance of ChatGPT Technology: A Study of Its Positive and Negative Impacts on Academic Ethics and Learning Performance
Authors: Abdulhajar Encik , Wahyusari Ahada , Nevrita Nevrita , Irawan Dody , Zaitun Zaitun , Sartika Delita , Hasyim Taufiqurrahman
Published: December 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has had a major impact on education, making learning more interactive and efficient. ChatGPT, as an implementation of AI, allows students to get information quickly, but there are still challenges related to digital literacy and understanding academic ethics. Many students and educators have not fully mastered this technology, so its use is not optimal. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach by utilizing a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) based questionnaire to explore the perceptions of FKIP UMRAH students regarding the use of ChatGPT. The research results show that ChatGPT is widely accepted as an effective tool in completing academic assignments and increasing learning efficiency. However, challenges such as a lack of understanding of academic ethics, the risk of plagiarism, and over-reliance on technology are still problems. Educational institutions can increase digital literacy through special training and implementing stricter regulations regarding the use of AI. These findings make an important contribution to the literature on the acceptance of AI in education and offer practical solutions for policy use of learning technologies such as ChatGPT. Future research is expected to expand the sample scope and explore the long-term impact of AI on students' critical thinking abilities.
Besonderheiten und Fallstricke bei der Beschallung der
hirnversorgenden Gefäße – Teil 3
Authors: Böhme Frank
Published: December 2024

Die doppler-/duplexsonografische Untersuchung der hirnversorgenden Gefäße ist
neben den Methoden CT-/MRT-Angiografie eine qualitativ hochwertige Diagnostik,
v. a. im Zusammenspiel mit den eben genannten bildgebenden Verfahren. Die
Aussagekraft und Qualität einer Ultraschalldiagnostik hängt im Wesentlichen von
den technischen Voraussetzungen und persönlichen Fähigkeiten ab und v. a. von
der zur Verfügung stehenden Untersuchungszeit. In dieser Artikelserie werden
Ihnen Besonderheiten und Fallstricke erläutert und Lösungsansätze angeboten.
Effect of dislocations on microcontact spectra of single-crystal zinc
Authors: Batrak A. G. , Lavrent’ev F. F. , Nikiforenko V. N. , Yanson I. K.
Published: December 2024

We studied the effect of disloctions in basal (0001) 〈112¯0〉 and pyramidal [112¯2] 〈112¯3〉 slip systems on the microcontact spectra (MCS) of zinc single crystals, with the density of the basal and pyramidal dislocations varying from 105 to 107 cm−2 and 103 to 107 cm−2, respectively. It was found that the main parameters of MCS change substantially as the dislocation density increases, with the basal and pyramidal dislocations having different effects on the MCS. The effect of dislocations on MCS had not been observed previously.
Nuclear quadrupole resonance in Bi12GeO20 and Bi12SiO20
Authors: Kolesnikova E. A. , Kudzin A. Yu. , Skorbun A. D. , Yachmenev V. E.
Published: December 2024

Measurements have been made on the temperature dependence of the specific heat, relaxation time, and NQR frequency for Bi12GeO20 and Bi12SiO20 crystals over the range 4.3-300°K; there are low-temperature anomalies in T1(T) and T2(T). These features are not related to phase transitions and are due to defects of different kinds.
Interactions of dislocations with impurity atoms of different valencies and the high-frequency internal friction in superconducting and normal lead. I. The amplitude-dependent internal friction and its analysis
Authors: Pal’-Val’ L. N. , Platkov V. Ya. , Roshchupkin A. M.
Published: December 2024

To find out the role of the electrostatic interaction of dislocations with impurity atoms in Pb, we have investigated the amplitude dependence of the high-frequency internal friction at 4.2 °K. Lead was doped with Tl, Sn, Bi, Cd, or Sb to a level of 8 · 10−3 at. %. The critical amplitude ϵ0c., i.e., the amplitude at which the friction becomes amplitude dependent, was found to increase in going from Tl to Sb. As the samples went over from the s into the n state, ϵ0c increased by 30–40%. Analysis of the amplitude dependences within the framework of the Granato-Lücke athermal theory enabled us to obtain values for the characteristic stress level, Γ, for dislocation detachment from the impurities in question. The Γ values changed at the n–s transition by about 30%. A method is developed for the analysis of experimental data with the object of determining the contributions of different physical natures to the total energy of interaction of a dislocation wtih an impurity atom, and quantitative information about these contributions has been obtained. An analytical comparision between the theoretical results and the experimental data is carried out. The causes of the influence of the n-s transition on the dislocation-unpinning process are discussed. It is concluded that the electronic viscosity has a significant effect on the amplitude-dependent, dislocation-induced losses. The results of a theoretical consideration of this problem are presented.
On the effect of nonresonance parallel pumping on ultrasound propagation in antiferromagnets
Authors: Seminozhenko V. P. , Sobolev V. L.
Published: December 2024

It is shown that in easy-plane antiferromagnets, in which the sound velocity, c, is higher than the spin-wave velocity s, the ultrasound attenuation due to the phonon–magnon interaction can be negative in the presence of a nonresonance variable magnetic field parallel to the constant field.
The conversion efficiency of terahertz radiation produced by the filamentation of two femtosecond laser beams in highly charged noble gases
Authors: Mahdy Abdelrahman I. , Eltayeb Hoda A.
Published: December 2024

Optimizing the efficiency of the produced terahertz radiation is the central objective of terahertz research. In this article, we studied the conversion efficiency of terahertz radiation produced by the filamentation of two femtosecond laser beams in highly charged noble gases. In particular, we analyzed the correlation between this efficiency and both the binding energy and ionization level of these gases in order to determine the suitable air plasma structure for efficient terahertz production. In this respect, using a fluid code that refers to the photocurrent model, we numerically evaluated the conversion efficiency of the produced terahertz radiation as a function of the non-relativistic initial input beam intensity period ≈1014∼1017W/cm2 at different ionization levels of selected noble gases of different binding energies (He, Ne, Ar, and Xe). First of all, the numerical results have affirmed the inverse relation between the efficiency and the binding energy of the noble gases; in this case, the gases with lower binding energies were found to attain the highest efficient terahertz radiation at the lowest input intensity. In addition, the obtained results resolved the direct proportionality between efficiency and ionization level, where higher ionization levels considerably enhance the efficiency; for instance, the conversion efficiency of Ar reaches a value that is around 10−5 in the second ionization level, and at the fifth level, this efficiency escalates to an efficiency value that is above 10−4.
Comprehensive model for multi-fracture localization based on water hammer signals: Evaluation and field application
Authors: Jia Kaile , Wang Xiaoqiang , Lu Detang
Published: December 2024

Determining fracture locations in hydraulic fracturing is essential for diagnostic purposes. Water hammer waves generated during pump shut-in in hydraulic fracturing create pressure fluctuations as they pass through fractures. The pressure signals collected at the wellhead contain valuable information about subsurface fracture positions. This study, based on the water hammer equation, establishes an internal flow model within pipelines, considering both the pump shut-in process and subsurface fracture boundary conditions (fracture permeability, fracture storage, and fracture inertia effects). The method of characteristics (MOC) is employed for numerical discretization to simulate the wellhead pressure fluctuations during pump shut-in. A novel fracture localization method is proposed, combining comprehensive filtering, cepstral analysis, and velocity conversion. Comprehensive filtering effectively removes various noises present in the collected signals. Subsequently, cepstral analysis identifies negative peaks in the cepstral domain generated by pulse functions at fracture locations. This information is then used to determine the propagation time of pressure waves from fractures to the wellhead, which is converted to depth by wave velocity. Through numerical simulations and field experiments, the method's effectiveness is validated, demonstrating its capability to efficiently filter out signal noise, identify cepstral negative peaks from pulse functions at fractures, and provide precise inversion of fracture locations. This method holds significant guidance for practical field applications.
On increasing the scour funnel size upstream of a bottom orifice by using a cuboid pile
Authors: Li Yueheng , Lu Xinhua , Zeng Yihang
Published: December 2024

Scour funnels formed before bottom orifices are of vital importance regarding intaking water with low-concentration and small-sized sediment to protect the water turbine. Via flume experiments, this work investigates the effect of a bottom-mounted cuboid pile on the formation of a scour funnel upstream of a bottom orifice. A phenomenon we call as “reverse sediment collapse” is observed for the first time, which causes a rapid increase in the scour depth upstream of the orifice. Instantaneous velocity measurements show that the turbulence kinetic energy near the cuboid pile is significantly higher compared with that in a case without a pile or with a cylinder under a same waterhead condition, indicating that large-scale vortex motions are enhanced due to the use of a cuboid pile. The equilibrium scour funnel depth upstream of the orifice is found to be increased by as much as 124.6% when a cuboid pile exists compared with that in a case without a pile under a same waterhead condition. The scour process is highly accelerated when a cuboid pile exists, and it is found that the time required when a cuboid pile exists to reach for the first time the same equilibrium scour depth without a pile is dramatically reduced by 97.2%–99.7%. A formula was established to calculate the equilibrium scour depth. The findings provide guidance for future optimization of the form and placement of structures upstream of an orifice to efficiently achieve a larger-sized scour funnel.
To spill or not: Short-time pouring dynamics of a toppled liquid bottle
Authors: Roy Anirban , Kumar Avinash , Ray Subhabrata , Das Gargi , Bakli Chirodeep
Published: December 2024

A typical culinary setting involves liquid condiments with different constitutive behaviors stored in jars, bottles, pitchers, or spouts. In the dynamic kitchen environment, handling these condiments might require pouring, drizzling, squeezing, or tapping, demonstrating the interplay of the container geometry, the fluid properties, and the culinary expertise. There is, of course, the occasional accidental toppling. We investigate the combined effects of surface properties, fluid properties, and confinement dimensions on the short-time spilling or pouring dynamics of a toppled cuvette. While attesting to the fact that smaller cuvettes (which can be termed as capillaries as well) do not spontaneously spill, larger cuvettes exhibit spilling dynamics that are dependent on the surface property, fluid viscosity, and flow rheology. For Newtonian liquids, it is observed that the spilling dynamics are determined largely by the coupling of viscous and gravity forces with surface properties, inducing non-intuitive behavior at higher conduit dimensions. The inclusion of rheology for non-Newtonian liquids in the soup makes the spilling dynamics not only an interplay surface and fluid properties but also a function of meniscus retraction demarcating a “splatter” of three regimes “not spilling,” “on the verge of spilling,” and “spontaneous spilling.” We not only delineate the interactions leading to meniscus motion but also provide a mapping on whether or not a container would spill if it is momentarily toppled and then immediately returned to upright position. This study aids in understanding the fascinating physics of fluid pouring dynamics and could lead to new kitchen, biomedical, and industrial technologies.