bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
III. Mediatio und superioritas
Authors: Kintzinger Martin
Published: June 2023

From the 12th century onwards, arbitration tribunals came into use and until the 15th century they were established as alternative legal practice. While the Roman Law became institutionalized as an instrument of political power, the arbitration tribunals retained their value as elements of noble communication in case of crisis within European realms. In international politics and law, arbitration tribunals were often brought into play, but failed to be successful as instrument of international conflict management.
VII. Entspricht das jetzt dem Volksgeist? Geltungsfragen im „Heutigen Römischen Recht“
Authors: Haferkamp Hans-Peter
Published: June 2023

Does this comply with the “Volksgeist” now? Questions of validity in “Modern Roman Law”. The article examines the impact of the “Volksgeist” (national spirit), as the basis of the theory of legal sources developed by the Historical School of Law, on methodological history. Although in 1814 Savigny used the term “sensing the principles”, the methodological history, even nowadays, assumes that the “Volksgeist” exclusively contains rational structures and is therefore ‘reasonable’. Still and despite all doubts concerning this concept, the “Volksgeist” is merged with “Begriffsjurisprudenz” (conceptual jurisprudence). In contrast, this article develops a methodological program of the Historical School of Law in which rational approaches were always accompanied by irrational ones, appealing to intuition, a sense of justice, and a ‘child-like sense’ as an access to truth. Viewed from a philosophical perspective, the decisive key terms, introduced by Savigny in 1814, are “nature, fate and need”. Methodologically, the focus reveals, around the special significance of “analogy”, the “nature of things”, the “practical needs” and the “sense of justice” as ways to contribute to the legal cognition.
Unter einem „neuen Himmel“? Wachstum und Wandel im juristischen Publikationswesen an der Wende zum 20. Jahrhundert
Authors: Kästle-Lamparter David
Published: June 2023

Around 1900, legal literature and publishing in Germany underwent a significant process of expansion and transformation. This development is, in part, due to the codification of important areas of law, especially the advent of the German Civil Code. The new codes instigated a vast quantity of legal literature; legal commentaries took the lead in explaining the new law. However, it is only through a look at the history of books and publishing, as well as the general history of science, that the development of legal literature can be fully appreciated. This paper shows that the growth and transformation of legal literature before and after 1900 is part of a larger development, i.e. the emergence of a literary mass-market, on the one hand, and the formation of what Adolf von Harnack called a ‘large-scale industry of science’, on the other hand.
In the shadow of Auschwitz … Jews before Special Courts of the ‘Third Reich’ 1933–1945
Authors: Graczyk Konrad
Published: June 2023

This article offers a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the presence of Jews before Special Courts of the ‘Third Reich’. The research shows that the participation of Jews as defendants before Special Courts in the so-called Old Reich was marginal. The situation was different in polish areas incorporated into the Reich. Attention is here paid to the numbers of defendants and other penalty statistics, to some types of imputed acts, and to attempts to use courts and court sentencing to take the lives of Jews.
Repository for Digital Editions of Legal Historical Sources: ‘IURA. Sources of Law from the Past’The research for this publication has been supported by a grant from the Priority Research Area Heritage under the Strategic Programme Excellence Initiative at Jagiellonian University, project “Edition of Polish Legal Writings 16th–18th cent. Preliminary (H.1.3.2021.67)”.)
Authors: Mikuła Maciej
Published: June 2023

The article is a short presentation of the knowledge base ‘IURA. Sources of Law from the Past’ (https://iura.uj.edu.pl/dlibra). The main goal of the project is to build a comprehensive knowledge base with interlinked and easily searchable content from various sources of historical law. The system of content links will help the user to get a broader picture of various sections or dimensions of the legal world, i.e. texts of the law and normative regulations, references to the law or laws, legal literature, or references to the implementation of the law. A set of advanced search tools will enable the user to find and select, with some degree of precision, the scope of relevant content throughout the digitalized source material. Moreover, it will be possible to conduct searches using standardized metadata descriptions. The article contains a short description of selected sources collections.
IV. Ira Dei venit de coelo in filios diffidentiae. Zur Verbindung von Häresie und Sodomie aus kanonistischer Perspektive
Authors: Kulp Kevin
Published: June 2023

This paper questions the narrative widely used in historical research that from the time after the Fourth Lateran Council (1215), the canonical punishment of sodomy was tightened and sodomy was ultimately persecuted as heresy. Particular attention is paid to the ecclesiastical prosecution of heresy in the pontificate of Gregory IX in comparison to the treatment of the offence at the Lateran Councils of 1179 and 1215 as well as in the confession summa of Raymund of Peñafort. Due to the opposing presentations of the issue by Raymund and Gregory, this essay also contributes to the question of the relationship between the Pope and the compiler of the Liber Extra.
VII. Vom objektiven Maßstab zum subjektiven Urteil
Authors: Schmoeckel Mathias
Published: June 2023

From an objective scale to a subjective verdict. The Role of the Judge in the work of Johann Oldendorp and the re-evaluation of the roman-canon law of evidence in Humanism and Protestant Reformation. The roman-canon law of procedure was based on the assumptions of the Church fathers that laws on jurisdiction would guarantee objective and just decisions. Humanism, however, relied on the assumption that education and knowledge would teach the individual; not general rules, but expertise would lead to cognition and justice. In order to save the traditional law of procedure, Johann Oldendorp, one of the most innovative Protestant lawyers, taught that the best educated judge with sufficient practical experience should still keep the promise of objective, just decisions. Although the ideas on hermeneutics had changed profoundly by then, this reasoning helped to find convincing verdicts in the procedure of the old roman-canon law.
Neue Erkenntnisse und Überlegungen zur Edition der Summa decretorum des Huguccio
Authors: Becker Niels , Rehak Martin
Published: June 2023

New insights and ideas for an edition of Huguccio’s Summa decretorum. A critical edition of Huguccio’s monumental and eminently influential Summa decretorum has long been an urgent desideratum of canonist research. The present contribution evaluates previous research conducted by Oldřich Přerovský (1924–2013) and presents the results of our own sample edition of parts of Huguccio’s commentary on the pars prima of the Decretum Gratiani. In particular, we offer new insights into the Summa’s complex manuscript tradition and propose a thorough revision of Přerovský’s editorial methodology with the aim of relaunching the Huguccio edition in the future.
Ordres et conflits de juridictions. L’appel comme d’abus: levier processuel, objet politique
Authors: Baud Charles
Published: June 2023

Orders and conflicts of jurisdictions. The procedure of appeal against an abuse of ecclesiastical power, processual lever, political object. The procedure of appeal as abuse was profoundly reformed by King François I, in the great ordinance signed at Villers-Cotterêts in August 1539. The concept underlying this reform set it up as a political lever in the fight against ecclesiastical jurisdictions, in a Gallican perspective. From the 16th to the 18th century, jurists thus turned a simple procedure into a real political tool in the service of their ideas.
Danzas natales en las tumbas del Reino Antiguo
Authors: Borrego Gallardo Francisco L.
Published: June 2023

En algunas tumbas de particulares del Reino Antiguo figuran escenas de baile por parejas cuya interpretación, pese a que varios autores se hayan ocupado de estudiarlas, todavía ofrece notables dificultades por lo escueto de su desarrollo y la oscuridad de sus textos asociados. A través del análisis de sus contextos icónicos, los tipos de danzas reproducidos, las características de los oficiantes y el contenido iconográfico y textual de los pasos de baile, se puede determinar que tales escenas reproducen danzas rituales efectuadas durante los partos, las cuales, como favorecedoras del nacimiento, fueron trasladadas y adaptadas a contextos funerarios para ayudar al dueño del sepulcro en su (re)nacimiento. Los movimientos, piruetas y torsiones de los dos bailarines en estas danzas, que presentan un buen número de conexiones con la diosa Hathor, imitarían los esfuerzos de la madre durante el parto destinados a separarse felizmente del neonato, y muy posiblemente habrían formado parte de los ritos destinados a propiciar un buen alumbramiento.Palabras clave: Egipto antiguo, Reino Antiguo, tumbas, danza, rituales de nacimiento, rituales funerarios.AbstractEven though several scholars have studied the scenes of pair dances of some private tombs of the Old Kingdom, their interpretation still offers a number of difficulties because of their succinct visual display and the unclarity of their associated texts. Through the analysis of their iconic contexts, the style of the dance, the features of the performers and the iconic and textual contents of the steps, it has been found that these scenes show ritual dances which were performed on the occasion of births and for this reason were transferred and adapted to funerary contexts in order to help the owner of the tomb in his/her (re)birth. The steps, pirouettes and twistings of both dancers, which have many connections with the goddess Hathor, would imitate the efforts made by the mother during the delivery to separate successfully from the neonate, and very probably they would have been part of the rites for a good birth.Keywords: Ancient Egypt, Old Kingdom, tombs, dance, rituals of birth, funerary rituals.
En la estela azul del Oriente. El lapislázuli del Tesoro de Tod
Authors: Del Cerro Linares Carmen
Published: June 2023

El Tesoro de Tod es uno de los hallazgos más llamativos del Próximo Oriente en relación al lapislázuli. Las piezas del Tesoro ya fueron catalogadas en los años treinta del S. XX, pero las que estaban realizadas en lapislázuli fueron mal estudiadas. El Tesoro de Tod supone una de las mayores acumulaciones de esta piedra fuera de Asia Central. La existencia de sellos dentro del tesoro nos permite considerar su cronología y la proveniencia de alguno de sus objetos, así como acercar diversas regiones del Próximo Oriente antiguo.Palabras clave: Tod, Montu, lapislázuli, plata, glíptica, intercambios comerciales, periodo Isin-Larsa, Dinastía XII.AbstractTod Treasure is one of the most amazing findings related to Lapis lazuli throughout the Ancient Near East. The different objects of this treasure were cataloged in the ‘30s of the twentieth century, but the Lapis lazuli items haven been poorly studied. Tod Treasure means one of the biggest hoard composed by this blue stone outside Central Asia. The existence of seals included in the Treasure let us to consider the Chronology and Provenance of some objects as well as to approach different areas from Ancient Near East.Keywords: Tod, Montu, Lapis lazuli, Silver, Glyptic, Trade Exchanges, Isin-Larsa period, XII Dynasty.
Algunas novedades en Náucratis
Authors: Domínguez Monedero Adolfo
Published: June 2023

Los nuevos estudios que se están llevando a cabo en Náucratis, así como algunos hallazgos recientes (la estela de Thonis-Heracleo) están incidiendo sobre la persistencia del elemento local junto al emporio griego. A partir de estos datos, se plantean nuevas hipótesis acerca de cómo se articula la relación entre ambas comunidades, especialmente después del final de la dinastía Saita, es decir, durante el periodo persa y durante la dinastía XXX.Palabras clave: Naucratis; emporion; poblaciones locales; Nectanebo I.AbstractThe new studies carried out in Naukratis as well as some recent findings (especially the stele of Thonis- Herakleion) are showing the persistence of the local element by the Greek emporion. From these data, new hypotheses are raised about how the relationship between the two communities was articulated, especially after the end of the Saite Dynasty, i.e., during the Persian period and during the Thirtieth Dynasty.Keywords: Naukratis; emporion; local populations; Nectanebus I.
Informe sobre las 18 campañas de excavaciones en Tel Beidar en la Alta Mesopotamia (Siria)
Authors: Lebeau Marc , Martín Galán Rodrigo
Published: June 2023

Las excavaciones arqueológicas de Tel Beidar fueron interrumpidas en 2.010 debido a inestabilidad en Siria, después de 18 campañas entre 1.992 y 2.010. Dichas excavaciones han sacado a la luz una ciudad del III milenio a.n.e., la antigua Nabada, y un asentamiento de época helenística. En cuanto a la primera, su estudio ha permitido conocer mejor las características del fenómeno urbano en la Alta Mesopotamia de la época. Los niveles helenísticos han proporcionado datos de primer orden sobre las culturas indígenas de raíz semita, sumamente desconocidas en dicho periodo.Palabras clave: Arqueología, Alta Mesopotamia, III milenio a.n.e., época helenística.AbstractThe Archaeological excavations in Tell Beydar had to be interrupted in 2.010 due to the instability in Syria after 18 campaigns that took place between 1.992 and 2.010. These excavations have allowed us to uncover a city from the 3rd millennium b.c.e., the old Nabada, as well as a settlement from the Hellenistic period. The study of the 3rd millennium city has shed light on the urban processes in Upper Mesopotamia at that time. The Hellenistic levels have produced a set of very interesting data about the indigenous Semitic cultures, very unknown during that period.Keywords: Archaeology, Upper Mesopotamia, 3rd millennium b.c.e., Hellenistic period.
Ocena skuteczności maści SutriHeal® Forte 10% względem tworzonego przez Pseudomonas aeruginosa i Staphylococcus aureus biofimu mieszanego o wysokiej tolerancji na bacytracynę, neomycynę i polimyksynę A
Authors: Junka Adam , Dzięgielewska Monika , Worek Michał , Bartoszewicz Marzenna
Published: June 2023

Antybiotykooporne drobnoustroje tworzące biofilm wywołują poważne infekcje zagrażające zdrowiu i życiu milionów pacjentów na całym świecie. Nowoczesne wytyczne leczenia ran trudno gojących się zalecają stosowanie do zwalczania biofimów miejscowo działających związków przeciwdrobnoustrojowych. Cel W niniejszej pracy podjęto próbę oceny aktywności maści zawierającej 10% formulację kwasów żywicznych (diterpenów) przeciwko biofilmowi mieszanemu tworzonemu przez Pseudomonas aeruginosa i Staphylococcus aureus. Materiał i metody Jako substancje porównawcze wykorzystano maść zawierającą formulację w stężeniu 5% oraz maść zawierającą bacytracynę, neomycynę i polimyksynę B. Wyniki Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na istotnie wyższą skuteczność maści zawierającej 10% formulację kwasów żywicznych w eradykacji biofilmu mieszanego, a także penetracji przez jego warstwy, niż pozostałych maści. Wnioski Biorąc pod uwagę przedstawione wyniki, można przyjąć, że zastosowanie maści zawierającej kwasy żywiczne przekłada się w warunkach klinicznych na wysoki poziom eradykacji biofilmu z rany oraz na niskie ryzyko rozwoju oporności drobnoustrojów.
Impregnation of bio-oil from small diameter pine into wood for moisture resistance
Authors: Robinson Thomas J. , Via Brian K. , Fasina Oladiran , Adhikari Sushil , Carter Emily
Published: June 2023

Wood pyrolysis oil consists of hundreds of complex compounds, many of which are phenolic-based and exhibit hydrophobic properties. Southern yellow pine was impregnated with a pyrolysis oil-based penetrant using both a high pressure and vacuum impregnation systems, with no significant differences in retention levels. Penetrant concentrations ranging from 5-50% pyrolysis oil/methanol on a volume basis were used to determine the threshold concentration for significant physical property improvement. Wood impregnated with penetrant concentration of at least 10% exhibited significant reduction in both moisture sorption and tangential swelling when exposed to a 90% relative humidity and 21°C environment. When exposed to liquid water in a 24-hour soak test, analysis revealed a negative linear relationship between penetrant concentration and both moisture sorption and tangential swell. However, during the course of the 24-hour soak test, a significant linear relationship between penetrant concentration and leachate was determined.
Effects of alkaline treatment and a compatibilizing agent on tensile properties of sugar palm fibre-reinforced high impact polystyrene composites
Authors: Bachtiar Dandi , Salit Mohd. Sapuan , Zainudin Edisyam , Abdan Khalina , Mohd. Dahlan Khairul Zaman Haji
Published: June 2023

The effects of alkaline treatment and a compatibilizing agent on the tensile properties of sugar palm fibre-reinforced high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites were studied. Two concentrations of an alkali solution (4% and 6%) and two percentages of a compatibilizing agent (2% and 3%) were used in this study. The alkaline treatment was carried out by immersing the fibres in 4% and 6% alkali solutions for 1 hour. A 40 wt. % of sugar palm fibre (SPF) was blended with HIPS and the compatibilizing agent using a Brabender melt mixer at 165 °C. All the treated fiber composites showed tensile strength enhancement compared with untreated composites. The maximum strength increase was 35%, which was achieved by 4% alkali treatment; however, there was no improvement in the tensile modulus.
Characterization of switchgrass char produced in torrefaction and pyrolysis conditions
Authors: Pilon Guillaume , Lavoi Jean-Michel
Published: June 2023

In this research, char was prepared from Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) cave-in-rock species and characterized from the perspective of value addition either as a soil amendment or as a feedstock for energy production. Char from torrefaction/pyrolysis was produced in a fixed bed lab-scale reactor, using a N2 flow at three temperatures (300, 400, and 500°C) and for two residency times (2.5 and 5 minutes). Proximate and ultimate analyses as well as calorific value tests were done on each of the chars obtained. Chars scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pictures were taken. Organic composition of char leachates was characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) following a Soxhlet extraction with dichloromethane. Char was analyzed using FTIR-ATR. No significant difference was observed in most char characteristics between 2.5 and 5 min residency times, for each temperature studied. Among the compounds identified, two may be of particular interest with respect to the biochar domain. 1-undecanol, a compound commonly used as a growth regulator in agriculture, was observed in 300 and 400°C chars for 5 and 2.5 min residence time, respectively. Naphthalene, commonly used as an ingredient in pesticide products, was the only polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) observed in chars and was found solely in the extracts obtained from the char produced at 500 °C (for both residency times).
Kinetics of cellulase production by Aspergillus terreus at various levels of dissolved oxygen tension in a stirred tank bioreactor
Authors: Shahriarinour Mahdi , Wahab Mohd Noor Abdul , Ariff Arbakariya B. , Mustafa Shuhaimi , Mohamad Rosfarizan
Published: June 2023

In this study the effect of different levels of dissolved oxygen tension (d.o.t) on the production of three main components of extracellular cellulases (FPase, CMCase and β-glucosidase) at a fixed agitation speed by Aspergillus terreus was investigated. Growth of A. terreus and cellulase production were modeled based on logistic and Luedeking-Piret equations. The results from the model fit well with the experimental data, confirming that the models were appropriate for describing and representing growth and cellulase production at various d.o.t levels. The models showed that the production of FPase and CMCase were growth-associated processes. Cell growth and cellulase production were approximately two-fold higher in a stirred tank bioreactor compared with a shake-flask culture. At a d.o.t of 55% air saturation, cell growth and cellulase production were higher than at low d.o.t (40% air saturation) or high d.o.t (80% air saturation). The highest activities of FPase (2.33 U ml-1), CMCase (51.10 U ml-1), and β-glucosidase (16.18 U ml-1) were obtained at a d.o.t of 55% air saturation, yielding overall productivities of 19.40, 425.00, and 67.40 U l.h-1, respectively.
Preparation and characterization of a temperature-sensitive lignin-based Hydrogel
Authors: Feng Qinghua , Chen Fangeng , Wu Huiran
Published: June 2023

A novel class of hydrogel was prepared by graft copolymerization of acetic acid lignin (AAL) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) in the presence of N,N'-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBAAm) as the crosslinker and H2O2 as the initiator. The impact of AAL content on the hydrogel properties were investigated in terms of their swelling behavior, thermal behavior, and interior morphology. The data showed that these newly synthesized hydrogels were temperature-sensitive. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves demonstrated that the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the lignin-based hydrogels was approximately 31°C. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data revealed that the temperature of rapid decomposition of all the hydrogel samples was within a narrow range of 400 to 410°C. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the pore size of the hydrogel increased with increasing the AAL content.
Bioconversion of a mixture of paper sludge and extraction liquor from water prehydrolysis of Eucalyptus chips to ethanol using separate hydrolysis and fermentation
Authors: Zhu Zhi-Sheng , Li Xu-Hui , Zheng Qiu-Mei , Zhang Zeng , Yu Yang , Wang Ju-Fang , Liang Shi-Zhong , Zhu Ming-Jun
Published: June 2023

Paper sludge and extraction liquor from water prehydrolysis of Eucalyptus chips before pulping are potential raw materials for ethanol production in an integrated forest biorefinery concept. Ethanol production from paper sludge, extraction liquor from water prehydrolysis of Eucalyptus chips, and a mixture of both using separate hydrolysis and fermentation were investigated. The hydrolysate composed of 51.01±0.72 g/L glucose, 30.11±0.09 g/L xylose, and 13.65±0.94 g/L cellobiose, which was obtained by enzymatic saccharification of the mixture at an initial consistency of 6% (w/v, expressed in terms of total carbohydrate mass), was used for ethanol production by yeast SHY07-1 without prior detoxification and nutrient supplementation. A final ethanol concentration of 36.82±0.35 g/L was achieved, corresponding to an ethanol yield of 0.45±0.04 g/g with a fermentation efficiency of 80.71±0.03% and an ethanol productivity of 0.31±0.01 g/(L h). This confirmed the feasibility of co-fermentation of these two materials for bioconversion to ethanol.
Produciton of xylo-oligosaccharides by chemo-enzymatic treatment of agricultural by-products
Authors: Mazzaferro Laura S. , Cuña Mario Monteiro , Breccia Javier D.
Published: June 2023

Several timbers and crop by-products were subjected to an enzymatic treatment to obtain a xylo-oligosaccharides-enriched preparation. The process was performed by means of the commercial endo-β-1,4-xylanase Buzyme 2511®. The enzymatic cocktail was applied onto the raw ground materials with yield up to 5.3 ± 1.0 g/L xylo-oligosaccharides for apple pomace. In order to make the materials more accessible to enzymatic hydrolysis, they were subjected to thermal-alkaline treatment. The biocatalysis process over the thermo-alkaline treated materials yielded xylo-oligosaccharide solutions with the following concentrations (g/l): 1.3 white poplar (Populus alba), 2.9 giant cane (Arundo donax), 3.7 apple pomace (Malus domestica), and 6.5 stalk of grapes (Vitis vinifera). The preparation resulting from biotransformation of grape stalk contained mostly xylo-oligosaccharides (96% w/v) with a small amount of xylose (3% w/v). The same ratio was obtained when pure xylan from birchwood was used as feedstock.
Pretreatment of straw fraction of manure for improved biogas production
Authors: Aslanzadeh Solmaz , Taherzadeh Mohammad J. , Sárvári Horváth Ilona
Published: June 2023

Pretreatment of straw separated from cattle and horse manure using N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) was investigated. The pretreatment conditions were for 5 h and 15 h at 120 °C, and the effects were evaluated by batch digestion assays. Untreated cattle and horse manure, both mixed with straw, resulted in 0.250 and 0.279 Nm3 CH4/kgVS (volatile solids), respectively. Pretreatment with NMMO improved both the methane yield and the degradation rate of these substrates, and the effects were further amplified with more pretreatment time. Pretreatment for 15 h resulted in an increase of methane yield by 53% and 51% for cattle and horse manure, respectively. The specific rate constant, k0, was increased from 0.041 to 0.072 (d-1) for the cattle and from 0.071 to 0.086 (d-1) for the horse manure. Analysis of the pretreated straw shows that the structural lignin content decreased by approximately 10% for both samples and the carbohydrate content increased by 13% for the straw separated from the cattle and by 9% for that separated from the horse manure. The crystallinity of straw samples analyzed by FTIR show a decrease with increased time of NMMO pretreatment.
Modeling biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic materials for sugar production: A review
Authors: Wang Ziyu , Xu Jiele , Cheng Jay J.
Published: June 2023

To deeply understand the factors that affect the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars, experimental results should be bridged with process simulations. The objective of this paper is to review published research on modeling of the pretreatment process using leading technologies such as dilute acid, alkaline, and steam explosion pretreatment, as well as the enzymatic hydrolysis process for converting lignocellulose to sugars. The most commonly developed models for the pretreatment are kinetic models with assumptions of a first-order dependence of reaction rate on biomass components and an Arrhenius-type correlation between rate constant and temperature. In view of the heterogeneous nature of the reactions involved in the pretreatment, the uses of severity factor, artificial neural network, and fuzzy inference systems present alternative approaches for predicting the behavior of the systems. Kinetics of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass has been simulated using various modeling approaches, among which the models developed based on Langmuir-type adsorption mechanism and the modified Michaelis-Menten models that incorporate appropriate rate-limiting factors have the most potential. Factors including substrate reactivity, enzyme activity and accessibility, irreversible binding of enzymes to lignin, and enzyme deactivation at high conversion levels, need to be considered in modeling the hydrolysis process. Future prospects for research should focus on thorough understanding of the interactions between biomass reactants and chemicals/enzymes — the key to developing sophisticated models for the entire conversion process.
Multi-Querying: A Subsequence Matching Approach to Support Multiple Queries
Authors: Liu Wen , Ma Mingrui , Wang Peng
Published: June 2023

The widespread use of sensors has resulted in an unprecedented amount of time series data. Time series mining has experienced a particular surge of interest, among which, subsequence matching is one of the most primary problem that serves as a foundation for many time series data mining techniques, such as anomaly detection and classification. In literature there exist many works to study this problem. However, in many real applications, it is uneasy for users to accurately and clearly elaborate the query intuition with a single query sequence. Consequently, in this paper, we address this issue by allowing users to submit a small query set, instead of a single query. The multiple queries can embody the query intuition better. In particular, we first propose a novel probability-based representation of the query set. A common segmentation is generated which can approximate the queries well, in which each segment is described by some features. For each feature, the corresponding values of multiple queries are represented as a Gaussian distribution. Then, based on the representation, we design a novel distance function to measure the similarity of one subsequence to the multiple queries. Also, we propose a breadth-first search strategy to find out similar subsequences. We have conducted extensive experiments on both synthetic and real datasets, and the results verify the superiority of our approach.
Economics of growing salmon in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS)
Authors: Golfand Inna
Published: June 2023

The article discusses the economic aspects of salmon farming in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) and highlights the differences between RAS and traditional hatcheries. The fast growth rates achieved in ideal conditions make RAS projects highly profitable, with an internal rate of return (IRR) of up to 30%. However, several factors need to be considered when evaluating the investment efficiency, including growth periods, mortality rates, feed conversion ratios, and fish purging before slaughter. The high energy consumption required to power pumps and chillers for water cooling adds to the operational costs of RAS farms, and designing farms should be done to align with ESG principles. The article outlines the main principles that should be taken into account when considering investment in RAS salmon farming projects.
Seasonal dynamics of zooplankton in a eutrophic fish pond of Bangladesh in relation to environmental factors
Authors: Khan Saleha , Sultana Sunzida , Hena Sadia Momota , Ahmed Md Sayem , Sultana Most Sanjida , Akhi Most Suraiya Nisha , Mahmud Yahia , Hossain Md Moazzem
Published: June 2023

Zooplankton is crucial for transmitting energy from primary producers to higher trophic levels. A study was done in a Bangladesh eutrophic fish pond to know zooplankton's seasonal dynamics in relation to environmental factors. There were 11 different zooplankton genera, which belong to three major classes: Copepoda, Rotifera, and Cladocera. Peak abundance of zooplankton was found in the spring and winter, respectively. Cluster analysis clearly indicated zooplankton abundance during the spring and winter. Rotifera was the main dominant group in the total zooplankton population. Copepoda and Cladocera had a lower abundance than those of Rotifera. During the study period, environmental factors were observed monthly. The total zooplankton abundance showed a positive correlation only with pH and a negative correlation with transparency, dissolved oxygen, phosphates, nitrates, and temperature during Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis. The canonical correspondence analysis also indicated that pH, transparency, and temperature significantly affect the abundance of zooplankton groups. Therefore, further research on the influence of environmental factors on different species of zooplankton is strongly suggested for achieving sustainable fish production from eutrophic fish ponds.
"A new orthodontic diagnosis based on the cupping depth of the alveolar bone "
Authors: Pagonis Tom C , Viazis Anthony D
Published: June 2023

Dentistry has made significant progress since the era when teeth were commonly extracted for dental pain, extensive dental caries, and endodontic disease. In this manuscript, we introduce the cupping depth of the alveolar bone and propose a new way to assess malalignment of teeth in orthodontics. Advancements in restorative dentistry and endodontic procedures have enabled the restoration of dental hard tissue using innovative techniques and advanced materials. However, despite these strides in restorative dentistry, a considerable gap persists in orthodontic diagnosis and practice. Fortunately, the universal application of Edward R. Angle's arbitrary treatment goal, irrespective of individual facial and developmental morphology, is finally waning due to advancements in orthodontic technologies. FASTBRACES® Technologies introduce technical advancements and a proper knowledge base for evaluating and treating the overlooked alveolar bone architecture of malaligned teeth. The axial ("horizontal") restoration of alveolar bone is promoted, which is analogous to the sagittal ("vertical") restoration of alveolar bone in periodontal treatment planning and therapy. This approach is biologically based and consistent with a patient's natural dentition and individual genetic morphologic appearance, rather than relying on subjective or arbitrary ideals. Moreover, this approach targets a highly pathogenic periodontal microbial flora associated with malaligned teeth and linked to systemic disease. Furthermore, restoring alveolar bone is not only important for suppressing this unique pathogenic microbial flora, but it also aligns with a comprehensive strategy of successful restoration of hard tissue that is emphasized in restorative dentistry and endodontics.
Music for life: a case of good practice
Authors: Vernia Carrasco Ana M
Published: June 2023

This research is based on the hypothesis that music education, based on active participation, can improve the quality of life of older people and positively influence the prevention of dementias, such as Alzheimer's. Choir singing has always brought benefits, but active choral singing, including movement and body expression, as well as instrumental practice, can increase a healthy physical and mental life. Music for life is a project that takes place in an association of pensioners and retirees in a small town, in Spain. Participants go once a week to sing, actively learn music, but what they really do is work the laterality of the cerebral hemispheres, boost memory, improve self-esteem, and connect with people of similar characteristics and situations. One of the most important parts of the project is public auditions in homes for the elderly or similar, as part of musical learning, self-esteem and social responsibility. The idea of ​​being able to show other people their musical work, and offer a few hours of joy to older people, makes them feel important and necessary. The research part consists of checking whether these connected activities (singing, corporal expression and memorization), favor the prevention of dementias such as Alzheimer’s; improve psychomotor skills and the quality of life of people. At the moment, we have only been able to verify the increase in self-esteem, and the implication involved in participating in a research project.
Space charge region recombination, non-radiative exciton recombination and the band-narrowing effect in high-efficiency silicon solar cells
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Sachenko A.V. , Kostylyov V.P. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Vlasiuk V.M. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Sokolovskyi I.O. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Evstigneev M. ,   Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada, Dvernikov D.F. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Korkishko R.M. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Chernenko V.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2023

An expression for finding the dependence of narrowing the bands in silicon ΔEg on the level of illumination from the intrinsic absorption band (or short-circuit current) has been proposed. This expression is used to find experimental values of ΔEg in high-efficient silicon solar cells. The dependence ΔEg (J) or dependence ΔEg (JI), where JI is the short-circuit current density, has been rebuilt into the ΔEg (ΔnOC) dependence, where ΔnOC is the excitation level in open-circuit conditions. With this aim, the generation-recombination balance equation was solved taking into account six recombination mechanisms in silicon, including Shockley–Reed–Hall recombination, radiative recombination, interband Auger recombination, surface recombination, non-radiative exciton recombination, and recombination in the space charge region. The latter two recombination terms are not taken into account in studies of the key parameters of silicon solar cells and in programs for simulating the characteristics of these solar cells. Therefore, in this work their correct definition was performed, their contribution was compared with the contribution of other recombination mechanisms, and it has been shown that the description of the characteristics and key parameters of silicon SC without taking them into account is insufficiently correct. The experimental dependences ΔEg (ΔnOC) obtained in the work were compared with Schenk’s theory. It has been shown that there is a good agreement between them.
Formation of ZnO films on SiC/porous Si/Si substrates
Authors:   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, 18, B. Khmelnitsky Ave., 72312 Melitopol, Ukraine, Kidalov V.V. ,   Experimentelle Physik 2, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany, Dyadenchuk A.F. ,   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, 18, B. Khmelnitsky Ave., 72312 Melitopol, Ukraine, Baturin V.A. ,   Institute of Applied Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 58, Petropavlivska str., 40030 Sumy, Ukraine, Karpenko O.Yu. ,   Institute of Applied Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 58, Petropavlivska str., 40030 Sumy, Ukraine, Kolomys O.F. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Ponomarenko V.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Maksimenko Z.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Strelchuk V.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Bacherikov Yu.Yu. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Okhrimenko O.B. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2023

Reactive magnetron sputtering was used to obtain ZnO films on SiC/porous Si/Si substrates. The silicon carbide film on the surface of porous Si was obtained using chemical substitution of atoms. It has been shown that ZnO films grown at the partial oxygen pressure 0.6 Pa are characterized by a smoother and more uniform surface than coatings grown at the oxygen pressure 0.1 Pa. Being based on the analysis of Raman and photoluminescence spectra, it has been shown that the increase in partial pressure of oxygen leads to the increase in structural disorder of the ZnO crystal lattice, on the one hand, and at the same time to a decrease in the concentration of intrinsic defects, including ionized oxygen vacancies Oi, on the other hand.
The spectral and microscopical study of phytosynthesized plasmonic gold nanoparticles
Authors:   University of Prešov, Faculty of Humanity and Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, 17th November 1, Prešov 08116, Slovakia, Bartošová V. , Smolková R. ,   University of Prešov, Faculty of Humanity and Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, 17th November 1, Prešov 08116, Slovakia, Grishchenko L.M. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Faculty of Radiophysics, Electronics and Computer Systems, 4g, Glushkova ave., 03127 Kyiv, Ukraine, Linnik R.P. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Chemical Faculty, 64/13, Volodymyrska str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine, Lisnyak V.V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Chemical Faculty, 64/13, Volodymyrska str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine, Mariychuk R. ,   University of Prešov, Faculty of Humanity and Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, 17th November 1, Prešov 08116, Slovakia
Published: June 2023

Here, we present a facile and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with an infrared response. The structure of the obtained Au NPs was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Small and large Au NPs with different morphologies, including spheres, triangles, and hexagons, were imaged and studied, and the reasons for the morphological diversity were discussed. From the selected area diffraction data, the Au NPs showed sufficient crystallinity. The optical properties of the Au nanocolloids, investigated by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, confirmed the presence of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peaks at 500…540 nm for Au NPs smaller than 30 nm. An increase in absorption intensity in the 600…1050 nm region indicates the formation of larger non-spherical Au NPs. The optical absorption spectra show the redshift of the second LSPR peak to the near-infrared region with a longer wavelength with increasing HAuCl4 concentration in the synthesis solution. In addition, we recorded the maxima of photoluminescence (PL) bands at 370 and 458 nm for the water-diluted Au colloids under 320 nm excitation and considered the possible reasons for PL. Attempts were made to elucidate the optical and PL behavior of the nanocolloids within the known models
Design of a LED driver with a flyback topology for intelligent lighting systems with high power and efficiency
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kornaga V.I. , Pekur D.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Kolomzarov Yu.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Sorokin V.M. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 41, prosp. Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Nikolaenko Yu.E. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” 37, prosp. Beresteysky, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2023

Considered in this paper are the parameters and characteristics of the developed highly efficient electronic control systems for powerful LED modules (drivers), built on the basis of a single-stage flyback converter with a nominal power close to 200 W. The results of experimental tests show that, at the nominal load, the minimum efficiency of the developed driver reaches 88.2% with the power factor above 0.97 and the coefficient of total harmonic current distortion close to 23.4%. With the maximum value of the efficiency factor of the developed system 90.3% and the supply voltage 240 V, the power factor is higher than 0.99, and the total harmonic current distortion is 3.6%. The values of current harmonics of the driver do not exceed the maximum allowable values defined by the current standards. Used driver construction topology enabled to reduce the cost of the final product due to the unification of the component base, which increases the availability and manufacturability of the design. The use of a modern element base made it possible to ensure the deviation of the output current from the set one by no more than 1% over the whole range of the operating voltage of the supply (180…250 V), which allows using the developed driver in intelligent lighting systems and lighting systems with a combined power supply.
Kinetics of narrow-spectrum LED glow under pulsed power
Authors:   Ternopil Ivan Pulyj National Technical University, 46, Mykulynetska str., 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine, Andriichuk V.A. , Nakonechnyi M.S. ,   Ternopil Ivan Pulyj National Technical University, 46, Mykulynetska str., 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine, Filiuk Ya.O. ,   Ternopil Ivan Pulyj National Technical University, 46, Mykulynetska str., 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine
Published: June 2023

The results of experimental investigations of the glow kinetics of narrow-spectrum LEDs based on InGaN-GaN 450 and 520 nm and AlGaInP-GaAs 625 nm structures are presented. The increase and decrease of the light flux intensity under pulsed power are described by exponential dependences containing fast and slow components. The time constants of both components decrease with the increase of the pulse frequency for all three types of LED samples. The time constant of the slow component decreases with the increase of the current and voltage pulse amplitudes. The maximum light output on the frequency dependences of LED energy characteristics is observed at the frequency of 75…100 kHz. Further frequency increase results in the decrease of the LED energy efficiency. The obtained results are explained based on the LED equivalent electrical and energy circuits.
Policy Influencer dalam Kebijakan Luar Negeri Australia terhadap Pencari Suaka pada Masa Pemerintahan Julia Gillard
Authors: Azmi Agus Nilmada , H Febri Dirgantara
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This study discusses the policy influencer of Australia's policy towards asylum seekers during the reign of Julia Gillard from 2010-2013. These approaches incorporate the re-implementation of the Pacific Solution, the return of asylum seekers to their countries of origin, and the Malaysia Solution, beside other policies.  This study uses the theory of policy influence system and prejudice theory in explaining the policies implemented by the government of Australia in managing with asylum seeker amid the reign of Julia Gillard and the components behind the policy-making. The analytical ranking used is the nation-state. This research is qualitative research with descriptive type. The results of this study indicate that Australia's policy towards asylum seekers under the Gillard government is influenced by three policy influencing factors, namely the bureaucracy, parties, and the public, which are full of negative prejudice against asylum seekers. Keywords: Australian Foreign Policy, Asylum Seeker, Policy Influencer.  Abstrak. Penelitian ini membahas tentang policy influencer dalam kebijakan Australia terhadap pencari suaka pada masa pemerintahan Julia Gillard kurun waktu 2010-2013. Pendekatan ini mengikutsertakan penerapan kembali dari kebijakan Solusi Pasifik, pemulangan pencari suaka ke negara asalnya, dan Solusi Malaysia serta kebijakan lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sistem pengaruh kebijakan dan teori prasangka dalam menjelaskan kebijakan yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah Australia dalam menangani pencari suaka di tengah pemerintahan Julia Gillard dan komponen di balik pembuatan kebijakan. Pemeringkatan analitis yang digunakan adalah negara-bangsa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan Australia terhadap pencari suaka di bawah pemerintahan Gillard dipengaruhi oleh tiga faktor pengaruh kebijakan, yaitu birokrasi, partai, dan masyarakat, yang penuh dengan prasangka negatif terhadap pencari suaka. Kata Kunci: Kebijakan Luar Negeri Australia, Pencari Suaka, Pemberi Pengaruh Kebijakan.