bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive gene expression profiling and functional analysis of matrix metalloproteinases and TIMPs, and identification of ADAM‐10 gene expression, in a corneal model of epithelial resurfacing
Authors: Gordon Gabriel M. , Austin Jeffery S. , Sklar Alfredo L. , Feuer William J. , LaGier Adriana J. , Fini M. Elizabeth
Published: July 2010

This study provides a comprehensive expression analysis for the entire matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene family during the process of epithelial resurfacing following corneal abrasion injury in the mouse. The mRNA levels for all known MMP genes expressed in mouse, the related enzyme ADAM‐10, and the known tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) were determined semi‐quantitatively by reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) in the uninjured epithelium, and in the epithelial tissue resurfacing the abraded area or residing in its periphery at two time points: during the epithelial migration phase and immediately following wound closure. The mRNA levels for MMP‐1a, ‐1b, ‐9, ‐10, ‐12, and ‐13 as well as TIMP‐1 were significantly up‐regulated in the migrating corneal epithelium. After wound resurfacing, the mRNA levels for all of these MMPs were down‐regulated, although MMP‐1a, ‐1b, and ‐13 remained significantly elevated in comparison to the uninjured epithelium. The only gene found to be down‐regulated was TIMP‐3, which occurred throughout the wound‐healing process. During resurfacing, MMP‐9 was localized to the front of the migrating epithelium, MMP‐10 and ‐13 were localized throughout the migrating epithelium, and MMP‐13 could also be found in the periphery. Following epithelial closure, immunoreactive MMPs‐9 and ‐10 became undetectable, but MMP‐13 continued to be found throughout the epithelium. Functional analysis of MMP‐10 revealed no effects on epithelial migration or cell proliferation. In conclusion, distinct MMP temporal–spatial profiles define the uninjured corneal epithelium and the corneal epithelium at different stages of regeneration. An extensive review of the literature is also provided in the discussion. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 1461–1470, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Deciphering signaling pathways in clinical tissues for personalized medicine using protein microarrays
Authors: Malinowsky K. , Wolff C. , Ergin B. , Berg D. , Becker K.F.
Published: July 2010

The current transition in cancer therapy from general treatment approaches, based mainly on chemotherapy and radiotherapy, to more directed approaches that aim to inhibit specific molecular targets has brought about new challenges for pathology. In the past, classical assignment of pathology consisted of tumor diagnosis and staging for further therapy decisions; nowadays, pathologists are asked to predict possible therapeutic results by detecting and quantifying therapeutic targets in tumors such as the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The best approach to analyze such molecular targets is to provide a tumor‐specific protein expression profile prior to therapy. To further elucidate signaling networks underlying cancer development and to identify new targets, it is necessary to implement tools that allow fast, precise, cheap, and simultaneous analysis of many network components while requiring only a small amount of clinical material. Reverse phase protein microarray (RPPA) is a promising technology that meets these requirements while enabling quantitative measurement of proteins. Recently, methods for the extraction of proteins from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues have become available. In this article, we demonstrate how the use of RPPA to analyze signaling pathways from FFPE tissues may improve quantification of therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers in the near future. J. Cell. Physiol. 225: 364–370, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of Impurities on Monoclinic (II)‐Cubic (I) Transformation of Lithium Sulphate
Authors: Rao C. Rama Mohan , Mehrotra P. Narain
Published: July 2010

The monoclinic (II)‐cubic (I) transformation of lithium sulphate is a reversible reconstructive transformation associated with high activation energy. Cationic impurities like Na+, K+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Al3+ have been doped in pure lithium sulphate and their effect on the kinetics and energetics of its transformation studied. By employing d.t.a., the enthalpy and energy of activation for the transformation of pure and doped samples of lithium sulphate have been calculated and compared.
Solvent Refining of Medium Viscosity Distillate and Changes in Group Chemical Composition
Authors: Singh Himmat , Kishore Kaushal
Published: July 2010

The relative position of the phase boundary curves and changes in group chemical composition have been studied, in a single stage extraction system, with three solvents for medium viscosity, raw dewaxed lube distillate. Results obtained indicate that solvents with hydrogen‐bonding tendency show low critical solution temperatures and %N + P in raffinate tends to be directly proportional to the product VI with the increase in S:F ratio. Refining effectiveness number and lube refining index together makes it possible to evaluate the solvent refining behaviour of any raw lube distillate for the desired VI level.
Prediction of gas solubility properties in binary mixtures of non‐polar solvents by the empirical slopes approach
Authors: Linford Roger G. , Thornhill David G. T.
Published: July 2010

In a previous paper1 we described how empirical slopes and parameters, derived from graphs of experimental solubility properties, could be effectively used to predict the solubility and related properties for 18 gases in 30 relatively non‐polar solvents. In this paper the “empirical slopes approach” is extended to provide predictions of solubility and entropy of solution for these gases in binary mixtures of the same solvents. Predictions of solubility and entropy of solution have been calculated for several of the gas‐mixture systems that have been measured experimentally and the agreement is found to be satisfactory. The merits of this approach are compared with those of other theories which can be used to yield gas solubility predictions in mixed solvents.
The effect of supersaturation on the crystal characteristics of potassium chloride
Authors: Sarig Sara , Eidelman Naomi , Glasner Abraham , Epstein Joseph A.
Published: July 2010

Different laboratory crystal populations of potassium chloride are described and compared with similar types of industrial crystals. Laboratory experiments have shown that the crystal characteristics, i.e. size distribution, crystal habit and degree of agglomeration are strongly affected by the degree of supersaturation at the beginning of crystallisation. Similarity of crystal characteristics indicates similarity of factors governing growth conditions, hence the industrial growth conditions, especially supersaturation in a crystalliser, may be determined by inspection of the final product.
Bleaching of Rice Straw Paper Pulp and Possibilities for Replacement of Sodium Hydroxide by Ammonium Hydroxide During the Extraction Stage
Authors: Heikal Salwa O. , Ibrahem Atef A.
Published: July 2010

Bleaching of rice straw soda pulp was investigated under various conditions. The rate of the chlorination and hypochlorite reactions were studied; the best properties were attained by shortening the chlorination time to about 20 min. The extraction efficiency of ammonium hydroxide on chlorinated soda pulp was also investigated. The effectiveness of extraction can be deduced from the reduction of the kappa number, cuprammonium viscosity and the brightness obtained after the hypochlorite step. Extraction can be carried out with ammonium hydroxide instead of sodium hydroxide used in the conventional method. The strengths of unbleached and fully bleached pulps were evaluated. The fully bleached ammonium hydroxide extracted pulps were beaten faster and were usually stronger than the corresponding pulps extracted with sodium hydroxide.
Performance characteristics of a cstr containing immobilised enzyme particles
Authors: Lin Sheng H.
Published: July 2010

The effects of internal and external substrate diffusion resistances on the performance of a continuous stirred tank reactor are analysed in this work. Both immobilised enzymatic reactions with and without substrate inhibitions are considered. The substrate conversion for the reaction without substrate inhibition is dependent on four dimensionless parameters: the Thiele modulus, the dimensionless Michaelis constant, the mass transfer Nusselt number and β, which represents a combination of particle hold‐up, maximum reaction rate, input substrate concentration and substrate residence time in the continuous stirred tank reactor. For the corresponding reaction with substrate inhibition, the effect of the additional dimensionless inhibition constant on the substrate conversion is also very significant. The substrate conversion generally decreases with decrease in dimensionless parameter β, increase in Thiele modulus and decrease in mass transfer Nusselt number. For the reaction with small Thiele modulus, β and strong substrate diffusion resistances, a multireactor system may be needed if a certain desired substrate conversion is required. The single CSTR model can be extended to describe the multireactor system and the effect of the number of reactors on the substrate conversion for a two‐ or more reactor system is also examined.
Studies on the reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline catalysed by pd(acac)2‐pyridine system
Authors: Datta Manik C. , Saha Chitta R. , Sen Debabrata
Published: July 2010

The complex, bis(acetylacetonato)palladium(II) in pyridine, is used as a homogeneous catalyst for the conversion of nitrobenzene to aniline. From a study of various operational parameters the optimum reduction was found to occur at 1 atm pressure and at room temperature in petroleum ether (b.p. 100–120°C) solvent, yielding 90% of aniline on input nitrobenzene basis. The complex [Pd11(acac)H(C6H5NO2)Py] was isolated under similar experimental conditions and was characterised by elemental analysis, magnetic, thermal and spectral studies. Formation of a phenylnitrene metal complex has been suggested as a hypothetical intermediate in the reduction process.
Preparation and acidity studies of silica‐alumina catalysts
Authors: Sinhamahapatra Pratap K. , Sharma Devendra K. , Mehrotra Raghunath P.
Published: July 2010

The surface acidic strength distribution in a series of silica‐alumina catalysts prepared by coprecipitation and stepwise precipitation techniques has been measured by the butylamine adsorption method. The amount of silica in the finished catalysts ranged from 86.0 to 96.9%. A linear relationship between the pH of the final gel (i.e. pH values of the solution in equilibrium with the gel material before washing) and X[=Al2O3/(SiO2+Al2O3)] was observed up to a certain level of pH; for coprecipitated catalysts it was 6.0 whereas for those precipitated stepwise the limit of pH was 7.0. Coprecipitated silica‐aluminas were more enriched with weak acid sites or Bronsted sites (pKa = +6.8) and their concentration reached a maximum at about 87% silica. Stepwise precipitated silica‐aluminas, on the other hand, have a greater population of strong acid sites, thus making them useful for cracking reactions.
Computer simulation of the biomass production rate of cyclic fed batch continuous culture
Authors: Keller Robert , Dunn Irving J.
Published: July 2010

The biomass productivity of cyclically operated variable volume fermenters has been investigated as a function of the initial volume and the feed flow rate. The results of computer simulations show that the productivity‐dilution rate curves are similar to those for a constant volume chemostat, which represents a limiting case for the cyclic operation. Both cyclic fed batch and fed batch plus batch operation have been studied for Monod and substrate inhibition kinetics. The results obtained for variable volume operation can be used to estimate the loss in productivity when a chemostat inadvertently undergoes volume fluctuations.
Growth kinetics of streptomyces erythreus during erythromycin biosynthesis
Authors: Bošnjak Marijan , Topolovec Velimir , Vrana Mladen
Published: July 2010

Growth kinetics of Streptomyces erythreus were studied and mathematical equations developed to model the results. Computer simulations gave good agreement with experimental data. Owing to the use of complex media direct measurement of biomass was impossible. It was therefore evaluated by measurement of α, ϵ‐LL‐diamin‐opimelic acid in cell walls, or by determining the reciprocal of the methylene blue reduction time.
Influence of Er:YAG laser frequency on dentin caries removal capacity
Authors: Raucci‐Neto Walter , Chinelatti Michelle Alexandra , Ito Izabel Yoko , Pécora Jesus Djalma , Palma‐Dibb Regina Guenka
Published: July 2010

The purposes of this study were to evaluate in vitro the influence of different frequencies of Er:YAG laser on the human dentin caries removal capacity. Thirty fragments obtained from third molars were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 10) according to the laser frequency used: 4, 6, and 10 Hz. The caries lesion (±1 mm deep) was induced before the irradiation by S.mutans cultures for 6 weeks. The specimens of all groups were irradiated with 200 mJ of energy in noncontact and focused mode under constant refrigeration (water flow: 2.5 mL/min). Quantitative analysis of the caries removal was performed by DIAGNOdentTM and the Axion VisionTM software. Qualitative analysis was performed by Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope (LM). Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Fishers' tests. The DIAGNOdentTM revealed that the caries removal was similar with 4 and 6 Hz and was superior with 10 Hz (P < 0.05). The analysis with Axion VisionTM software revealed that the caries removal was similar with 6 and 10 Hz and the 4 Hz group promoted the lowest caries removal. Through SEM morphologic analysis, some specimens irradiated with 4 Hz presented, under the demineralized dentin, a disorganized collagenous matrix. The LM images revealed that all frequencies used promoted irregular caries removal, being observed over preparations with 6 and 10 Hz. It can be concluded that the increase of Er:YAG laser frequency provided a higher dentin caries removal without selectivity to the disorganized dentin. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
From the ‘Village of a Thousand Souls’ to ‘Race Crossing in Jamaica’: Arnold Gesell, eugenics and child development
Authors: Weizmann Fredric
Published: July 2010

Perhaps best known for providing age‐related norms in early development, norms that are still used as a basis for measures of developmental maturity, Arnold Gesell was a key figure in developmental psychology from the 1920s through the 1950s. After examining Gesell's reputation and status in the field, we explore Gesell's changing relationship to eugenics, both in terms of Gesell's often contradictory attitudes about the role of hereditary and environmental influences in development, and in terms of the broader relationship between the eugenics movement and science. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Whistles, bells, and cogs in machines: Thomas Huxley and epiphenomenalism
Authors: Greenwood John
Published: July 2010

In this paper I try to shed some historical light upon the doctrine of epiphenomenalism, by focusing on the version of epiphenomenalism championed by Thomas Huxley, which is often treated as a classic statement of the doctrine. I argue that it is doubtful if Huxley held any form of metaphysical epiphenomenalism, and that he held a more limited form of empirical epiphenomenalism with respect to consciousness but not with respect to mentality per se. Contrary to what is conventionally supposed, Huxley's empirical epiphenomenalism with respect to consciousness was not simply based upon the demonstration of the neurophysiological basis of conscious mentality, or derived from the extension of mechanistic and reflexive principles of explanation to encompass all forms of animal and human behavior, but was based upon the demonstration of purposive and coordinated animal and human behavior in the absence of consciousness. Given Huxley's own treatment of mentality, his characterization of animals and humans as “conscious automata” was not well chosen. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A new methodology to calculate Carter factor using genetic algorithms
Authors: Calixto Wesley Pacheco , Marra Enes Gonçalves , da Cunha Brito Leonardo , de Alvarenga Bernardo Pinheiro
Published: July 2010

This paper presents a methodology to calculate the value of Carter's factor for airgaps with polygonal slots. A numerical evaluation of the Schwarz–Christoffel transformation is performed using Genetic Algorithms. The methodology presented here extends Carter's method to airgaps with more complicated geometry. Some case studies compare the results of the developed methodology to Carter's results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Einfluss der Zwischenlagerung auf die anfängliche Entwicklung rekultivierter Oberböden
Authors: Schäffer Beat , Eggenschwiler Lisa , Suter Brigitte , Vogt Lea , Buchter Bernhard , Pfister Hans , Schulin Rainer
Published: July 2010

Infolge zunehmender Bau‐ und Rohstoffabbauaktivitäten auf fruchtbaren Landwirtschaftsflächen sind Aushub, Zwischenlagerung und Rekultivierung von Böden zu wichtigen Themen des Bodenschutzes geworden. In der vorliegenden Studie untersuchten wir mit einem Rekultivierungsversuch, wie sich die Bedingungen während der Zwischenlagerung auf die anfängliche Bodenentwicklung und den Pflanzenbewuchs auf einem rekultivierten Boden auswirken können. Vier Oberböden, welche aus zwei Tiefen (jeweils mit ungehemmter und gehemmter Durchlüftung) eines nicht befahrenen sowie eines befahrenen Oberbodenlagers stammten, wurden in Streifen angelegt und quer dazu mit drei Standard‐Wiesenmischungen in Streifen besät. Während der Zwischenlagerung sowie während der ersten zwei Jahre nach der Rekultivierung erhoben wir die physikalischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften der Oberböden und (nach der Rekultivierung) auch das Pflanzenwachstum. Keine der untersuchten Eigenschaften der Oberböden hing von der Tiefe im Zwischenlager ab. Hingegen waren im befahrenen Oberbodenlager die Grobporosität und der Kompressionsbeiwert geringer, die Lagerungsdichte sowie die Vorbelastung hingegen höher als im nicht befahrenen Oberbodenlager. Diese Unterschiede verschwanden jedoch größtenteils bereits mit der Bodenrekultivierung. Entgegen unseren Erwartungen wuchsen die Pflanzen im Jahr der Rekultivierung besser auf dem Boden des befahrenen Oberbodenlagers als auf dem des nicht befahrenen Oberbodenlagers, was mit dem extrem trockenen und heißen Sommer dieses Jahres zusammenhängen dürfte. In den auf die Rekultivierung folgenden zwei Jahre glichen sich auch die Unterschiede im Pflanzenwachstum aus. Die verbleibenden Unterschiede in der Lagerungsdichte und im Pflanzenwachstum waren nicht auf unterschiedliche Zwischenlagerungsbedingungen zurückzuführen. Die Resultate sprechen für eine Überprüfung der geltenden Rekultivierungsrichtlinien. Gegebenenfalls könnten die maximal zugelassenen Zwischenlagerhöhen für Oberböden erhöht werden, um den Flächenbedarf für die Zwischenlagerung von Boden zu verringern.
Analytical model of thermohydrodynamic estimation of slider bearing
Authors: Ionescu Mihail , Mihai Ioan
Published: July 2010

The present paper proposed a quantitative calculation of slider bearings using the analytical solutions of energy equation and of the Reynolds differential equation. The model consists in the transformation of the slider bearing pad into a journal bearing bush. The validation consists in comparing the pad's hydrodynamic parameters, calculated by means of numerical methods, with those of the proposed journal bearing, calculated analytically. The simplicity and accuracy of the method and the computing times of the order of seconds necessary for bearing estimation constitute important advantages of this model over the numerical methods. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Global solvability for abstract semilinear evolution equations
Authors: Oka Hirokazu , Tanaka Naoki
Published: July 2010

The Cauchy problem for the abstract semilinear evolution equation u′(t) = Au (t) + B (u (t)) + C (u (t)) is discussed in a general Banach space X. Here A is the so‐called Hille‐Yosida operator in X, B is a differentiable operator from D (A) into X, and C is a locally Lipschitz continuous operator from D (A) into itself. A vectorvalued functional defined only on X is used and appropriate conditions on the nonlinear operators B and C are imposed so that a vector‐valued functional defined on the domain of the operator A may be constructed in order to specify the growth of a global solution. The advantage of our formulation lies in the fact that it is possible to obtain a global solution by checking some energy inequalities concerning only low order derivatives (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mixed Random Mosaics
Authors: Santaló L. A.
Published: July 2010

Cowan [2] has defined random mosaics processes RMP in R2 and has given some basic properties of them. In particular Cowan introduces the fundamental parameters α, βk, γk of the process and, in terms of them, he computes the mean values of the area α, perimeter h, number of ares w and number of vertices v of a typical polygon of the RMP. Our purpose is to consider the RMP obtained by superposition of two independent random mosaics. Then, the characteristics a12, h12, w12, v12 of the resulting process are computed in terms of the characteristics ai, hi, wi, vi, of each process. The case of non random tessellations mixed with random mosaics is also considered.
p‐Regular Analytic Spaces and Cohomology
Authors: Subia Giuseppe Vigna
Published: July 2010

We give a lower bound to the complex dimension of the non vanishing cohomology groups of an open subset of a Stein space.
Scattering Analysis of Point Processes and Random Measures
Authors: Hanisch K.‐H.
Published: July 2010

In the present paper scattering analysis of point processes and random measures is studied. Known formulae which connect the scattering intensity with the pair distribution function of the studied structures are proved in a rigorous manner with tools of the theory of point processes and random measures. For some special fibre processes the scattering intensity is computed. For a class of random measures, namely for “grain‐germ‐models”, a new formula is proved which yield the pair distribution function of the “grain‐germ‐model” in terms of the pair distribution function of the underlying point process (the “germs”) and of the mean structure factor and the mean squared structure factor of the particles (the “grains”).
Pseudodifferential Operators on Compact Manifolds with Lipschitz Boundary
Authors: Duduchava R. , Speck F.‐O.
Published: July 2010

Pseudodifferential operators with non‐smooth symbols on a manifoldMwith Lipschitz boundary are considered. Theorems about order reduction and localization of such operators in Bessel potentialHand Hölder‐Zygmund Z(IRn) spaces are proved. A pseudodifferential operatorAwith locally sectorial matrix symbol is proved to be Fredholm in the spaceH(M) and Ind A = 0 where s depends onA.Application to a boundary value problem for an elastic body with crack is discussed in conclusion.
On the Exponential Convergence of Spline Approximation Methods for Wiener‐Hopf Equations
Authors: Elschner Johannes
Published: July 2010

We consider the approximate solution of Wiener‐Hopf integral equations by Galerkin, collocation and Nyström methods based on piecewise polynomials where accuracy is achieved by increasing simultaneously the number of mesh points and the degree of the polynomials. We look for the stability of those methods in the Lq norm, 1≤q≤∞. Provided the exact solution is analytic on the half‐axis and decays exponentially at infinity, we prove an exponential rate of convergence with respect to the number of degrees of freedom.
On Sectional Genus of Quasi—Polarized Manifolds with Non‐Negative Kodaira Dimension
Authors: Fukuma Yoshiaki
Published: July 2010

Let X be a smooth projective variety over ℂ and L be a nef‐big divisor on X. Then (X, L) is called a quasi ‐ polarized manifold. Then we conjecture that g(L) ≥ q(X), where g(L) is the sectional genus of L and q(X) = dim H1(Ox) is the irregularity of X. In general it is unknown that this conjecture is true or not even in the case of dim X = 2. For example, this conjecture is true if dim X = 2 and dim H≥(L) > 0. But it is unknown if dim X ≥ 3 and dim H0(L) > 0. In this paper, we consider a lower bound for g(L) if dim X = 2, dim H0(L) ≥ 2, and k(X) ≥ 0. We obtain a stronger result than the above conjecture if dim Bs|L| ≤ 0 by a new method which can be applied to higher dimensional cases. Next we apply this method to the case in which dim X = n ≥ 3 and we obtain a lower bound for g(L) if dim X = 3, dim H0(L) ≥ 2, and k(X) ≥ 0.
The Behaviour of Elastic Fields and Boundary Integral Mellin Techniques Near Conical Points
Authors: Kozlov V. , Wendland W. L. , Goldberg H.
Published: July 2010

For the computation of the local singular behaviour of an homogeneous anisotropic clastic field near the three‐dimensional vertex subjected to displacement boundary conditions, one can use a boundary integral equation of the first kind whose unkown is the boundary stress. Mellin transformation yields a one ‐ dimensional integral equation on the intersection curve 7 of the cone with the unit sphere. The Mellin transformed operator defines the singular exponents and Jordan chains, which provide via inverse Mellin transformation a local expansion of the solution near the vertex. Based on Kondratiev's technique which yields a holomorphic operator pencil of elliptic boundary value problems on the cross ‐ sectional interior and exterior intersection of the unit sphere with the conical interior and exterior original cones, respectively, and using results by Maz'ya and Kozlov, it can be shown how the Jordan chains of the one‐dimensional boundary integral equation are related to the corresponding Jordan chains of the operator pencil and their jumps across γ. This allows a new and detailed analysis of the asymptotic behaviour of the boundary integral equation solutions near the vertex of the cone. In particular, the integral equation method developed by Schmitz, Volk and Wendland for the special case of the elastic Dirichlet problem in isotropic homogeneous materials could be completed and generalized to the anisotropic case.
Continuous Linear Right Inverses for Partial Differential Operators on Non ‐ Quasianalytic Classes and on Ultradistributions
Authors: Meise Reinhold , Taylor B. Alan , Vogt Dietmar
Published: July 2010

Characterizations are given of those linear partial differential operators with constant coefficients which admit a continuous linear right inverse on ε(ω()ω) )resp. ε[ω](Ω) and/or D′(ω)(Ω) (resp. D′[ω](Ω), where Ω is an open set in ℝn. The characterisations are in the same spirit as in the previous results of the authors on the existence of right inverses on C∞ and/or D′(Ω).
On Iterations of the Green Integrals and their Applications to Elliptic Differential Complexes
Authors: Nacinovich Mauro , Shlapunov Alexandre
Published: July 2010

Convergence of iterations of special Green integrals for overdetermined elliptic linear partial differential operatorsPof order p ≥ 1 is proved. Using this result we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of the equationPu=fin the Sobolev space Wp,2(D) and, as a corollary, necessary and sufficient conditions for the vanishing of the first cohomology group of elliptic differential complexes. Also a criterion for the solvability of aP‐Neumann problem for elliptic differential operators is proved.
Discretization of a Random Dynamical System near a Hyperbolic Point
Authors: Arnold Ludwig , Kloeden Peter
Published: July 2010

A result of Beyn on the replication of the phase portrait of an ordinary differential equation in the neighborhood of a hyperbolic steady state by a one‐step numerical method is generalized under appropriate assumptions to random differential equations with hyperbolicity defined in terms of the multiplicative ergodic theorem of Oseledets. The proof is complicated by the need to compare cocycles rather than underlying vector fields and the use of random norms to obtain uniform estimates. As an example we consider small random perturbations of a linear ordinary differential equation with a hyperbolic null solution.
Necessary and Sufficient Convexity Conditions for the Ranges of Vector Measures
Authors: Herschbach Rudolf
Published: July 2010

The absence of atoms in Lyapunov's Convexity Theorem is a sufficient, but not a necessary condition for the convexity of the range of an n ‐ dimensional vector measure. In this paper algebraic and topological convexity conditions generalizing Lyapunov's Theorem are developed which are sufficient and necessary as well. From these results the converse of Lyapunov's Theorem is derived in the form of a nonconvexity statement which gives insight into the geometric structure of the ranges of vector measures with atoms. Further, a characterization of the one‐dimensional faces of a zonoid Zμ, is given with respect to the generating spherical Borel measure μ. As an application, it is shown that the absence of μ ‐ atoms is a necessary and sufficient convexity condition for the range of the indefinite integral ∫ x dμ where x denotes the identical function on Sn‐1.
Fréchet Spaces of Holomorphic Functions without Copies of l1
Authors: Valdivia Manuel
Published: July 2010

Let X be a Banach space. Let Hw*(X*) the Fréchet space whose elements are the holomorphic functions defined on X* whose restrictions to each multiple mB(X*), m = 1,2, …, of the closed unit ball B(X*) of X* are continuous for the weak‐star topology. A fundamental system of norms for this space is the supremum of the absolute value of each element of Hw*(X*) in mB(X*), m = 1,2,…. In this paper we construct the bidual of l1 when this space contains no copy of l1. We also show that if X is an Asplund space, then Hw*(X*) can be represented as the projective limit of a sequence of Banach spaces that are Asplund.
Asymptotic Properties of Delay Differential Equations
Authors: Šltés Vincent , Džurina Jozef
Published: July 2010

The aim of this paper is to deduce oscillatory and asymptotic behavior of the solutions of the ordinary differential equation
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and the delay differential equation
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by comparing these equations with a set of the first order advanced differential inequalities.
On the Titchmarsh‐Weyl Coefficients for Singular S‐Hermitian Systems II
Authors: Hinton D. B. , Schneider A.
Published: July 2010

In part I of this work we defined a Titchmarsh‐Weyl‐coefficient M(λ) for singular 8 hermitian systems of arbitrary deficiency index. This construction proceeded by the method of von Noumann for selfadjoint extensions of symmetric operators. In this part we show how a Titchmarsh‐Weyl coefficient M(λ) defined by a limit of Titchmarsh‐Weyl coefficients on compact intervals is related to our M(λ). Examples are given in the intermediate deficiency index case which show that put all limits of Titchmarsh ‐ Weyl coefficients on compact intervals give rise to a singular selfadjoint problem.
A Nonlinear Drift ‐ Diffusion System with Electric Convection Arising in Electrophoretic and Semiconductor Modeling
Authors: Jüngel Ansgar
Published: July 2010

A multi‐dimensional transient drift‐diffusion model for (at most) three charged particles, consisting of the continuity equations for the concentrations of the species and the Poisson equation for the electric potential, is considered. The diffusion terms depend on the concentrations. Such a system arises in electrophoretic modeling of three species (neutrally, positively and negatively charged) and in semiconductor theory for two species (positively charged holes and negatively charged electrons). Diffusion terms of degenerate type are also possible in semiconductor modeling. For the initial boundary value problem with mixed Dirichlet ‐ Neumann boundary conditions and general reaction rates, a global existence result is proved. Uniqueness of solutions follows in the Dirichlet boundary case if the diffusion terms are uniformly parabolic or if the initial and boundary densities are strictly positive. Finally, we prove that solutions exist which are positive uniformly in time and globally bounded if the reaction rates satisfy appropriate growth conditions.
Recurrence of Ancestral Lines and Offspring Trees in Time Stationary Branching Populations
Authors: Matthes Klaus , Siegmund‐Schultze Rainer , Wakolbinger Anton
Published: July 2010

For time stationary Galton‐ Watson‐branching populations on a general type space, the structure of the “individually positive recurrent part” of the system is described: its building blocks consist of finitely many “clans” with positive recurrent trunks. Conditions are given when this nubsystem is void, and when it equals the full system. In addition, positive recurrence on the clan level is characterized. Whereas individual positive recurrence turns out to be a symmetric concept with respect to forward and backward time direction (i. e., with respect to anceatral lines and offspring trees), with individual null recurrence this symmetry can fail even in the absence of branching, i.e., for independently migrating particle systems (Example 13.1). For discrete type spaces a classification of types as to the various individual recurrence concepts (positive, null, forward and backward in time) is proposed and illustrated by a couple of results and examples. For finite type spaces conditiom on the branching dynamics and its mean matrix for the existence of nontrivial equilibria are given.
Operator‐Valued Fourier Multipliers, Vector ‐ Valued Besov Spaces, and Applications
Authors: Amann Herbert
Published: July 2010

It is shown that translation‐invariant operation, with operator‐valued symbols act continuously on Bcsov spaces of Band‐space‐valued distributions. This result is then used to extend and complement the known theory of vector‐valued Bcsov spaces. In addition, its power is demonstrated by giving applications to a variety of problems from elliptic and parabolic differential and integro‐differential equations.
Positive Radial Solutions of Some Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Dang Hai , Manásevich Raúl , Schmitt Klaus
Published: July 2010

We consider Dirichlet boundary value problems for a class of nonlinear ordinary differential equations motivated by the study of radial solutions of equations which are perturbations of the p‐Laplacian.
On Some Convexity Properties of Orlicz Sequence Spaces Equipped with the Luxemburg Norm
Authors: Hudzik Henryk , Pallaschke Diethard
Published: July 2010

Rotundity of finite ‐dimensional Orlicz spaces lϕn equipped with the Luxemburg norm is considered. It is proved that criteria for rotundity of lϕnfor n ≥ 3 does not depend on n and are the same as the criteria for rotundity of the inhite‐dimensional subspace hϕ of an Orlicz sequence spacelϕ. Criteria for rotundity of lϕ2 are different. Next, criteria for exposed points, (H)‐ points, strongly exposed points and LUR‐ points of the unit sphere of lϕ and of its subspace hϕ are given.
Aberrant striatal plasticity is specifically associated with dyskinesia following levodopa treatment
Authors: Belujon Pauline , Lodge Daniel J. , Grace Anthony A.
Published: July 2010

Chronic levodopa treatment for Parkinson's disease often results in the development of abnormal involuntary movement, known as L‐dopa‐induced dyskinesia (LIDs). Studies suggest that LIDs may be associated with aberrant corticostriatal plasticity. Using in vivo extracellular recordings from identified Type I and Type II medium spiny striatal neurons, chronic L‐dopa treatment was found to produce abnormal corticostriatal information processing. Specifically, after chronic L‐dopa treatment in dopamine‐depleted rats, there was a transition from a cortically evoked long‐term depression (LTD) to a complementary but opposing form of plasticity, long‐term potentiation, in Type II “indirect” pathway neurons. In contrast, LTD could still be induced in Type I neurons. Interestingly, the one parameter that correlated best with dyskinesias was the inability to de‐depress established LTD in Type I medium spiny striatal neurons. Taken as a whole, we propose that the induction of LIDs is due, at least in part, to an aberrant induction of plasticity within the Type II indirect pathway neurons combined with an inability to de‐depress established plastic responses in Type I neurons. Such information is critical for understanding the cellular mechanisms underlying one of the major caveats to L‐dopa therapy. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Challenges assessing clinical endpoints in early Huntington disease
Authors: Paulsen Jane S. , Wang Chiachi , Duff Kevin , Barker Roger , Nance Martha , Beglinger Leigh , Moser David , Williams Janet K. , Simpson Sheila , Langbehn Douglas , van Kammen Daniel P. ,   the PREDICT‐HD Investigators of the Huntington Study Group
Published: July 2010

The basic aim of this study was to evaluate the current accepted standard clinical endpoint for the earliest‐studied HD participants likely to be recruited into clinical trials. As the advent of genetic testing for HD, it is possible to identify gene carriers before the diagnosis of disease, which opens up the possibility of clinical trials of disease‐modifying treatments in clinically asymptomatic persons. Current accepted standard clinical endpoints were examined as part of a multinational, 32‐site, longitudinal, observational study of 786 research participants currently in the HD prodrome (gene‐positive but not clinically diagnosed). Clinical signs and symptoms were used to prospectively predict functional loss as assessed by current accepted standard endpoints over 8 years of follow‐up. Functional capacity measures were not sensitive for HD in the prodrome; over 88% scored at ceiling. Prospective evaluation revealed that the first functional loss was in their accustomed work. In a survival analysis, motor, cognitive, and psychiatric measures were all predictors of job change. To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study ever conducted on the emergence of functional loss secondary to brain disease. We conclude that future clinical trials designed for very early disease will require the development of new and more sensitive measures of real‐life function. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Zur staphylinidenfauna der Umgebung von Waren/MüRitz (Mecklenburg)
Authors: Uhlig Manfred , Vogel Jürgen
Published: July 2010

From Waren/Müritz (GDR, Mecklenburg) and surroundings, 556 staphylinid species are recorded. 4 species (Philonthus coprophilus JARR., Heterothops stiglundbergi ISRAELSON, Gyrophaena williamsi STRAND and Aloconota pfefferi (ROUBAL)) are new for the GDR and 72 species new for Mecklenburg. The paper presents data on phenology, occurence in different habitats and distribution in the area investigated. The nature reservations “Ostufer der Müritz” (406 species), “Ostufer des Feisnecksees” (58 species) and “Wienpietschseen” (99 species) have been investigated particularly thoroughly. After a revision of the HAINMÜLLER collection 13 species previously recorded have to be deleted from the species list of Mecklenburg and further 10 species from the species list of Waren.
Die bedeutung hirnmorphologischer Merkmale für die taxonomie der placentalen säucer
Authors: Hackethal Hans
Published: July 2010

Traits of the central nervous system have up to now played only a minor role in taxonomic practice. Based on the macromorphology of the brain in several mammalian orders, the present paper gives the methodological assumptions that should be taken in account when characteristics of the brain are used taxonomically. The conclusions that may be drawn from an analysis of such traits for a taxonomic division of certain orders are discussed. The extent to which some clearly anagenetic processes are taxonomically significant in the development of the central nervous system, as well as how the concepts of evolutionary and consequent genealogical systematics have impinged upon the taxonomic utilization of cerebral traits are also analysed.
Stand und Interesse der Erforschung der Collembolenfauna (Insecta, Apterygota) der Mongolischen Volksrepublik
Authors: Dunger Wolfram
Published: July 2010

Level and Importance of Investigation of the Fauna of Collembola (Insecta, Apterygota) in the Mongolian People's Republik

The actual knowledge of the springtail fauna (Collembola) of the Mongolian People's Republic is outlined. Ecological adaptions of some species and some zoogeographical aspects are discussed.
Die Libellenfauna der westlichen und nördlichen Mongolei und einige Phänomene ihrer intrakontinentalen Isolation
Authors: Peters Günther
Published: July 2010

The Dragonfly Fauna of the Western and Northern Parts of Mongolia and Some Phenomena of Their Intracontinental Isolation

Based on 2100 specimens, mostly collected during the II. Mongol‐German Biological Expedition of 1964, a brief survey of the dragonfly fauna of Mongolia is given, including special remarks on those species the author met with in the western and northern districts of the country. 12 species are mentioned for the first time as components of the Mongolian fauna. Comparisons of several morphometrical characters (body length, relative length of the abdomen, absolute and relative body weight) between anisopteran species and between the population groups from north, west and south‐west Mongolia as well as from central Europe have led to some remarkable results: (1) According to the proportions of the body and the differences between males and females in relative length of the abdomen the species can be grouped into separate constitutional types (Aeshna type, Libellula type, Sympetrum type and others). These types seem to represent special evolutionary strategies to perfect the dragonfly body as a “flying machine”. (2) In the different parts of western Mongolia (northern mountain steppes and woodlands, western desert plains, Dzungarian deserts), the majority of the species is represented by populations differing from each other in measurements and/or body proportions. These differences may be as large as or even larger than the distinction rate between each of the Mongolian and the Central European populations. (3) The differences in body length and proportions between the population groups are expressions of different genotypes; it seems impossible to interprete them as results of diverse conditions for larval growth. (4) Some species of dragonflies in western Mongolia occur as geographically isolated populations; the Altai and other mountain ridges lying to the north and southwest separate them from populations in eastern Kazakhstan (Lestes macrostigma, Libellula quadrimaculata and, may be, some more).
Über den Erforschungsstand der mongolischen Mallophagenfauna
Authors: Mey Eberhard
Published: July 2010

On the Status of Investigation of the Mongolian Mallophaga Fauna

Some remarks are given on the history of investigation of the Mongolian Mallophaga fauna. An example is added to illustrate how studies of Mallophaga infestation can be documented. 154 forms of Mallophaga (42 Amblycera, 112 Ischnocera) from Mongolia are listed together with their host species in two lists.
Bemerkungen zu Verbreitung und Systematik der aus der Mongolischen Volksrepublik bekannten laparosticten Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera)
Authors: Grebenščikov Igor
Published: July 2010

Remarks on Distribution and Systematics of Laparostict Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) Known from the Mongolian People's Republic

About 70 species are included in the list of laparostict Lamellicornia, with remarks on taxonomy and distribution for the several districts (aimaks) of the Mongolian People's Republic. It also contains the localities of the beetles collected by the “Mongolian‐German Biological Expeditions since 1962” (up to 1982), also for the few — only 12 — pleurostict species.

On the basis of the author's materials from 1962, for several localities all the beetles are recorded which had been collected within one hour, thus showing which species exist together in a certain biotope. Among them a good number of dung‐beetles (e.g., nearly 900 individuals of several Aphodius species) from different localities are noted.
Wasserkäfer (Coleoptera: Hydradephaga & Palpicornia) aus der Mongolischen Volksrepublik
Authors: Bellstedt Ronald
Published: July 2010

Water‐Beetles (Coleoptera: Hydradephaga & Palpicornia) from the Mongolian People's Republic

Faunistic locality data of 263 water‐beetles in 43 species from Mongolia are listed. Four species of them, Potamonectes formaster (ZAITZ.), Limnebius crinifer REY, Sphaeridium lunatum F. and Berosus spinosus (STEV.), are new to the fauna of Mongolia.
Arbeitsschlüssel zur Bestimmung der Polychaeten der Ostsee
Authors: Bick Andreas , Gosselck Fritz
Published: July 2010

Identification Key for the Polychaetes of the Baltic Sea

An identification key for the polychaetes of the Baltic Sea is presented in this contribution. It comprises all species (a total of 117) that have been mentioned in the available literature as having been found in the region from Kiel Bight to the northern and eastern parts of the Baltic. The most important taxonomical characters of these polychaetes are illustrated (393 figures on 45 plates). An attempt has also been made to take into account the meristic features of the polychaetes occurring under brackish water conditions in the Baltic. A brief diagnosis is given for all Baltic species, together with an outline of their distribution and ecology.
Zum Strongylus tetracanthus‐Problem und zur Systematik der Cyathostominea (Nematoda: Strongyloidea)
Authors: Hartwich Gerhard
Published: July 2010

On the Strongylus tetracanthus Problem and the Systematics of the Cyathostominea (Nematoda: Strongyloidea)

The original specimens of the much debated cyathostomine Strongylus tetracanthus MEHLIS, 1831, the type species of Cyathostomum MOLIN, 1861, have been recovered in the Zoological Museum, Berlin. These specimens, collected from horses in Germany, could be shown to belong to 10 of the actually known cyathostomine species. Because none of the species hitherto proposed to be the ‘true’ S. tetracanthus is present in this material, the former Cyathostomum catinatum LOOSS, 1900 is decided to represent this species and a lectotype is selected for C. tetracanthum (MEHLIS, 1831) sensu novo. – Furthermore, the cephalic structures of all Central European cyathostomines have been studied comparatively. Basing on the results, a revised classification of the tribe Cyathostominea is given in form of an annotated key to the genera. Coronocyclus n. gen. is erected for Cyathostomum coronatum LOOSS, 1900 and for 3 further species formerly included in Cyathostomum MOLIN (in the sense of LICHTENFELS 1975); the latter genus is redefined. Parapoteriostomum n. gen. is erected for Cyathostoma mettami LEIPER, 1913 (= Cylicodoniophorus mettami) and for 2 further species formerly included in Cylicodontophorus IHLE (in the sense of LICHTENFELS 1975). Petrovinema ERSOV, 1943 is considered a valid genus. In addition, the identity of one genus as well as of three species and one variety with other taxa is pointed out.
Die Typen der Arachniden‐Sammlung des Zoologischen Museums Berlin. VII. Araneae: Araneidae und Tetragnathidae
Authors: Moritz Manfred , Fischer Sophie‐Charlotte
Published: July 2010

The Types of the Arachnida Collection in the Zoological Museum Berlin VII. Araneae: Araneidae and Tetragnathidae

The 7th part of the type‐catalogue of Arachnida includes 164 species of the family Araneidae and 44 species of the family Tetragnathidae (including Metinae) which are represented in the Zoological Museum Berlin by type‐specimens.