bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex Role Orientation and Female Sexual Functioning
Authors: Snow Linda J. , Parsons Jean L.
Published: March 2011

This study investigates the differences among women in four sex-role categories—Feminine, Masculine, Androgynous, and Undifferentiated—with regard to sexual behavior and attitudes. The sample consists of 300 undergraduate and graduate women enrolled in 27 classes during the spring of 1978. Four criterion instruments are used: (1) the Bem Sex Role Inventory, (2) the Sexual Arousability Inventory, (3) the Sexual Behavior Inventory, and (4) the Sexual Data Form. Eight null hypotheses are tested. A multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant differences ( p < .05) on three of the eight comparisons. A post hoc analysis revealed the source of significance to be between Undifferentiated women and women in the other three sex-role categories on satisfaction with sexual responsivity and frequency of an orgasm with partner.
Women in Male-Dominated Professions: Distinguishing Personality and Background Characteristics
Authors: Lemkau Jeanne Parr
Published: March 2011

Samples of 64 women in atypical professions (As) and 71 equally educated women in sex-typical professions (Ss) were compared to determine personality and background correlates of female participation in male-dominated professions. Subjects were American born women under 50 years of age who held master's degrees and were employed in fields with over 75% male or female participation. They completed a biographical questionnaire, the Cattell 16PF, and the Bem Sex Role Inventory under three instructional sets. As predicted, As were more likely than Ss to be firstborn, to have had mothers who were employed after marriage, and to mention different influences on their career development, specifically the positive influences of men. Contrary to prediction, As were not less likely to have brothers than 5s and groups did not differ on the cluster of competency traits on the Cattell 16PF suggested by previous research. The personality differences found between As and 5s, such as the greater tough-mindedness and assertiveness of As, are seen as consistent with role demands of atypical employment, as were group differences in sex typing on the BSRI for the “on the job” instructional set. Group differences are discussed as supporting the enrichment hypothesis of Almquist and Angrist (1970), elaborated with Laws's social-learning interpretation of atypical career choice (1976). Some factors suggested in the literature as related to atypical career choice may relate more directly to academic achievement.
Women Who Choose a Man's Career: A Study of Women in Ministry
Authors: Steward Margaret S. , Steward David S. , Dary Judith A.
Published: March 2011

Fifty women who chose to pursue a male-dominated career, the ministry, were interviewed about components of career choice and professional development including sex and function of their role models and educational experiences. Sex-role orientation employing the Bem Sex Role Inventory and family data were also collected. Findings indicate a complex interaction of sex and function of role models with age and sex-role orientation of subjects.
On measuring task performance
Authors: Boyce Peter R
Published: March 2011

This paper describes the approaches that can be used to measure task performance and illustrates them by reviewing what is known about the impacts of illuminance and light source spectral power distribution on task performance. The approaches can vary from real tasks studied in the field through simulated tasks or standard tasks to basic visual functions measured in the laboratory. Each approach has different strengths and weaknesses. Understanding what these are is essential for anyone proposing to measure task performance or wishing to appreciate what such performance measurements imply. The review of the effects of spectral power distribution on task performance reveals that there is still much to learn. The effects of spectral power distribution on basic visual functions are well established, but, for tasks where the role of colour is to enhance visibility and conspicuity, there is little more than a qualitative understanding. As for the effects of spectral power distribution on task performance when operating through perception, this is largely unexplored territory.
BEYOND NORTH AND SOUTH: MIGRATION, INFORMALIZATION, AND TRADE UNION REVITALIZATION
Authors: Munck Ronaldo
Published: March 2011

This article takes up both the challenges and opportunities that labor migration poses for the organized labor movement. Labor has been dramatically restructured over the last quarter of a century, but there are now signs of labor recomposition as trade unions seek different paths toward revitalization. Increasingly, the movement of workers across national boundaries might create divisions, and it will be deployed to undermine existing labor standards. But we pose all the possibility that it might be a source of trade union revitalization, bringing in new members with new ideas but also creating a dynamic for raising labor standards rather than lowering them. In brief, internationalism begins at home.
Improving Stroke Care: A French Health-Care Organiser's Perspective
Authors: Lebrun Louis , Rusterholtz Thierry , Fery-Lemonnier Elisabeth , Woimant France , Leroyer Josée , Hommel Marc
Published: March 2011

The French national action plan: ‘Stroke 2010–2014’ results from years of increasing concern related to stroke, initially carried by stoke physicians and progressively shared by all other health professionals and more recently by administration and politicians. Its aim is the development not only of stroke care networks, but also of prevention and health education. Its success will mainly depend on the reactivity of the regional health agencies; therefore it is important to maintain political momentum and pressure.
Diversity, endemism and conservation of the freshwater crabs of China (Brachyura: Potamidae and Gecarcinucidae)
Authors: CUMBERLIDGE Neil , NG Peter K. L. , YEO Darren C. J. , NARUSE Tohru , MEYER Kirstin S. , ESSER Lara J.
Published: March 2011

China lies at the heart of the global center of freshwater crab diversity in tropical Asia, where the 2 most diverse families occur: Potamidae (505 species, 95 genera) and Gecarcinucidae (344 species, 59 genera). China stands out as the country with the highest species richness of freshwater crabs globally. Its fauna comprises 243 species in 37 genera and in 2 families, and species discovery is still progressing at a rapid pace. The vast majority of the species are distributed in southwest, south central and eastern China in the Oriental zoogeographical region. China also stands out as having a highly endemic freshwater crab fauna at the species level (96%) and at the genus level (78%). Although the recent International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list conservation assessment found only 6 out of 228 species (2%) to be threatened (5 potamids and 1 gecarcinucid), the majority (more than 75%) of Chinese species are regarded as data deficient, so the number of threatened species is likely to be a serious underestimate. Threats from increasing habitat destruction and pollution are a major concern due to the rapidly growing economy and massive developments taking place in China. There is therefore an urgent need for increased species exploration and for the development of a conservation strategy for China's threatened (and potentially threatened) endemic freshwater crab species.
Experimental Evaluation of the Variable-Feedrate Intelligent Segmentation Method for High-Speed, High-Precision Micromilling
Authors: Sodemann Angela A. , Mayor J. Rhett
Published: March 2011

This study will present an experimental evaluation of the variable-feedrate intelligent segmentation (VFIS) method described by Mayor and Sodemann (2008, “Intelligent Tool-Path Segmentation for Improved Stability and Reduced Machining Time in Micromilling,” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., 130(3), p. 031121). The apparatus for the tests will be identified and the approach to the testing procedure will be laid out, including the means of evaluation of the method. A detailed explanation is then given for the choice of process parameters. This is followed by the introduction of the β parameter as an additional factor in the VFIS implementation. Results are presented from cutting tests. The first set of test results presented is from a complete set of evaluation tests performed on sine wave geometries. The second set is an evaluation of the fan and airfoil shapes used previously in the numerical simulations of the VFIS method. It is found that the VFIS method is able to successfully constrain geometric error to within specified bounds in most cases. The cutting time for the VFIS method shows as much as 53% reduction relative to the nonuniform rational B-spline-based trajectory generation method.
A Review of Microscale Transport in the Thermal Processing of New and Emerging Advanced Materials
Authors: Jaluria Yogesh , Yang Jing
Published: March 2011

This paper reviews the microscale transport processes that arise in the fabrication of advanced materials. In many cases, the dimensions of the device being fabricated are in the micrometer length scale and, in others, underlying transformations that determine product quality and characteristics are at micro- or nanoscale levels. The basic considerations in these transport phenomena are outlined. A few important materials processing circumstances are considered in detail. These include the fabrication of multilayer and hollow optical fibers, as well as those where micro- and nanoscale dopants are added to achieve desired optical characteristics, thin film fabrication by chemical vapor deposition, and microscale coating of fibers and devices. It is shown that major challenges are posed by the simulation and experimentation, as compared with those for engineering or macroscale dimensions. These include accurate simulation to capture large gradients and variations over relatively small dimensions, simulating high pressures and viscous dissipation effects in microchannels, modeling effects such as surface tension that become dominant at microscale dimensions, and coupling micro- and nanoscale mechanisms with boundary conditions imposed at the macroscale. Similarly, measurements over microscale dimensions are much more involved than those over macro- or industrial scales because of difficult access to the regions of interest, relatively small effects such as tension, buoyancy effects, viscous rupture, bubble entrapment, and other mechanisms that are difficult to measure and that can make the process infeasible. It thus becomes difficult to achieve desired accuracy for validating the mathematical and numerical models. This paper reviews some of the approaches that have been adopted to overcome these difficulties. Comparisons between experimental and numerical results are included to show fairly good agreement, indicating the validity of the modeling of transport.
Experimental Investigation of Microcutting Mechanisms in Granite Grinding
Authors: Tanovic Lj. , Bojanic P. , Puzovic R. , Milutinovic M.
Published: March 2011

This paper shows the results of investigations performed in the brittle materials microcutting at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Belgrade University. The interactions between a single diamond grain and the machined granite are analyzed. The change in the normal cutting force as a function of grain penetration speed and depth was experimentally established in microcutting of two types of granite originating from Serbia. Based on the grain traces on granite and the generated cracks, the critical grain penetration depth for the formation of brittle fracturing was established. The experiments are intended to assist in the optimization of the grinding process as technology dominant in the granite finishing.
Traversal Caches: A Framework for FPGA Acceleration of Pointer Data Structures
Authors: Coole James , Stitt Greg
Published: March 2011

Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and other reconfigurable computing (RC) devices have been widely shown to have numerous advantages including order of magnitude performance and power improvements compared to microprocessors for some applications. Unfortunately, FPGA usage has largely been limited to applications exhibiting sequential memory access patterns, thereby prohibiting acceleration of important applications with irregular patterns (e.g., pointer-based data structures). In this paper, we present a design pattern for RC application development that serializes irregular data structure traversals online into a traversal cache, which allows the corresponding data to be efficiently streamed to the FPGA. The paper presents a generalized framework that benefits applications with repeated traversals, which we show can achieve between 7x and 29x speedup over pointer-based software. For applications without strictly repeated traversals, we present application-specialized extensions that benefit applications with highly similar traversals by exploiting similarity to improve memory bandwidth and execute multiple traversals in parallel. We show that these extensions can achieve a speedup between 11x and 70x on a Virtex4 LX100 for Barnes-Hut n-body simulation.
Endometrial Stromal Nodule: Report of a Case
Authors: Fdili Alaoui F. Z. , Chaara H. , Bouguern H. , Melhouf M. A. , Fatemi H. , Belmlih A. , Amarti Afaf
Published: March 2011

Endometrial stromal nodule (ESN) is the least common of the endometrial stromal tumors. They are rare neoplasms which are diagnosed in most instances by light microscopy. Although such nodules are benign, hysterectomy has been considered the treatment of choice to determine the margins of the tumor required for diagnosis and to differentiate it from invasive stromal sarcoma Whose prognosis is totally different. We report a case of a 45 years old woman, with presurgical diagnosis of adnexal mass or uterine tumor. She underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy. Pathologic examination revealed an endometrial stromal nodule. Through this observation, we insist on the fact that the ESNs are rare and benign entities which must be differentiated from the other invasive malignant stromal tumors; this can change the final prognosis.
Arnica/Hydroxyethyl Salicylate Combination Spray for Ankle Distortion: A Four-Arm Randomised Double-Blind Study
Authors: Kučera Miroslav , Kolar Pavel , Barna Milos , Kučera Alexander , Hladiková Marie
Published: March 2011

570 patients with acute ankle joint distortion were randomized to four treatment groups: a combination spray of arnica tincture and hydroxyethyl salicylate (HES; group A, ), arnica (B, ), HES (C, ), and placebo (D, ). The medication was applied 4-5 times daily for 10 days. Efficacy was assessed on day 3-4 by evaluating pain on motion on a visual analogue scale (VAS).
Pain improvement in group A was significantly superior over groups B–D (-test with unadjusted baseline values, and ANCOVA after adjustment, ) and approximately corresponded to the cumulative effect of the single constituents (12.1, 7.5, and 18.7 mm VAS for A versus B, A versus C, and A versus D; 95% CI 8.0–16.2, 4.7–10.4, and 14.8–22.5 mm). The combination is justified by the additive effects of the single active constituents.
A Case of Monoclonal Lymphoplasmacytosis of the Bone Marrow with IgM-Positive Russell Bodies
Authors: Kayano Hidekazu , Shimada Tsuneyuki , Wakimoto Naoki , Nakamura Yuichi , Bessho Masami , Yamaguchi Hiroshi , Sasaki Atsushi , Shimizu Michio
Published: March 2011

A 71-year-old Japanese male patient infected with HCV was diagnosed with thrombocytopenia. Histological examination of the bone marrow aspirate showed numerous lymphoid aggregates with Russell bodies. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometric analysis demonstrated clonal expansion of CD5+ CD23+ B cells. Russell bodies were positive for IgM and lambda immunoglobulin light chain. The patient also underwent gastric biopsy, which revealed Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. Subsequent eradication of the bacteria resulted in improvement of his thrombocytopenia. The clinical course remained uneventful at 15-month follow-up, consistent with monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis. The observed clonal expansion with plasmacytic differentiation may have occurred under the influence of HCV with HP infection.
Going Green to Stay in the Black: Transnational Capitalism and Renewable Energy
Authors: Harris Jerry
Published: March 2011

Sustainable energy use is rapidly developing, often with state support and patriotic political rhetoric. But the solar and wind energy industries are highly transnationalized and already inserted into global patterns of accumulation. While possibly solving some of the most pressing problems between capitalism and environmental sustainability, green capitalism still fails to address the contradiction between labor and capital. Therefore, any progressive strategy for social transformation must link the fair treatment of nature and labor together.
Sustainability Development-Eco-revolutionary Paradigms from Binary to Continuum Constructs
Authors: Patterson Rubin
Published: March 2011

Sustainable development and eco-revolution represent competing paradigms of progress, one emphasizing reform while the other emphasizes revolution with respect to an economy that is sustained by a restorative ecology. The first paradigm contends that a regenerative economy and restorative ecology are achievable only by a series of reforms while the second paradigm contends that the desired economy and ecology are achievable only via abrupt and decisive revolutionary change. This article argues that between the binary paradigmatic heuristic, there is a series or a parliament of possibilities between the two poles.
Reading the Temple Warning as a Greek Visitor
Authors: Llewelyn Stephen R. , van Beek Dionysia
Published: March 2011

The interpretation of the temple warning (CIJ 2.1400) has focused on the question of authorship rather than of readership. The present paper seeks to redress this oversight. The question is approached in terms of Hellenistic practice, Herod’s architectural innovations and the inscription’s language. It is argued that the inscription shows no trace of “translation” Greek, but rather that in terms of pragmatics, grammar and lexicography, the reader would naturally assume that its concepts are those of Hellenistic law. The reader’s assumption would be further confirmed by the architecture of the outer court. In other words, the Greek visitor would assume that the inscription was issued on the authority of the king, and not that of the priest.
Heteroceridae (Coleoptera) from Mongolia with description of Heterocerus kaszabi n.sp. and H. interspidulus n.sp.
Authors: Charpentier Reinhold
Published: March 2011

The following species of Heterocerus (Coleoptera, Heteroceridae) are recorded from Mongolia for the first time: parallelus Gebl., flexuosus Steph., kaszabi n.sp., fenestratus Thbg., obsoletus Curtis, interspidulus n.sp., intermedius Kiesw. and marmota Kiesw. H. fausti Reitter and H. heydeni Reitter are synonymized with H. flexuosus Steph., whereas H. tonkinensis Grouv., H. latus Grouv. and H. asiaticus Nomura are synonymized with H. fenestratus Thbg.
Crosstalk with insulin and dependence on PI3K/Akt/mTOR rather than MAPK pathways in upregulation of basal growth following long-term oestrogen deprivation in three human breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Ray Swagat , Darbre Philippa D.
Published: March 2011

Background: MCF-7, T-47-D, ZR-75-1 human breast cancer cell lines are dependent on oestrogen for growth but can adapt to grow during long-term oestrogen deprivation. This serves as a model for identification of therapeutic targets in endocrine-resistant breast cancer.

Methods: An overlooked complication of this model is that it involves more than non-addition of oestrogen, and inadequate attention has been given to separating molecular events associated with each of the culture manipulations.

Results: Insulin and oestradiol were shown to protect MCF-7 cells against upregulation of basal growth, demonstrating a crosstalk in the growth adaptation process. Increased phosphorylation of p44/42MAPK and c-Raf reflected removal of insulin from the medium and proliferation of all three cell lines was inhibited to a lesser extent by PD98059 and U0126 following long-term oestrogen/insulin withdrawal, demonstrating a reduced dependence on the MAPK pathway. By contrast, long-term oestrogen/insulin deprivation did not alter levels of phosphorylated Akt and did not alter the dose-response of growth inhibition with LY294002 in any of the three cell lines. The IGF1R inhibitor picropodophyllin inhibited growth of all MCF-7 cells but only in the long-term oestrogen/insulin-deprived cells was this paralleled by reduction in phosphorylated p70S6K, a downstream target of mTOR. Long-term oestrogen/insulin-deprived MCF-7 cells had higher levels of phosphorylated p70S6K and developed increased sensitivity to growth inhibition by rapamycin.

Conclusions: The greater sensitivity to growth inhibition by rapamycin in all three cell lines following long-term oestrogen/insulin deprivation suggests rapamycin-based therapies might be more effective in breast cancers with acquired oestrogen resistance.
The polysemy of agent nouns: diachronic, synchronic and contrastive evidence from French and Swedish
Authors: Rosenberg Maria
Published: March 2011

This study addresses Agent polysemy diachronically, synchronically, and contrastively. It examines the semantic structure of three French agentive formations, [VN/A]N/A compounds, and derivations with ‑eur and ‑ant. The semantics of four Swedish agentive formations which correspond to French [VN/A]N/A compounds are also studied. My results suggest that the polysemy of Agent is not uniformly hierarchically structured, with the Agent on top, for different agentive formations. They do not confirm that semantic extension emanates from the Agent. Instead, they speak in favour of blocking as the most plausible explanation for Agent polysemy and meaning extension.
Agent noun polysemy in Celtic: the suffix *‑mon‑ in Old and Middle Irish and its Proto-Indo-European origins
Authors: Remmer Ulla
Published: March 2011

The present paper gives an historical account of agent noun formations in ‑mon‑ in Old and Middle Irish, based on the Proto-Indo-European prehistory of this suffix. The patterning of agent nouns in ‑mon‑ in Irish points to a polysemy already inherited from the originally adjectival Proto-Indo-European derivates denoting affiliation. This is supported also by polysemous nominalizations in Ancient Greek. Formations in ‑mon‑, originally deverbal in Proto-Indo-European, came to be formally enlarged and functionally reinterpreted in Early Celtic, thus leading to the polysemy in Irish, with both deverbal and denominal ‑mon‑formations designating professions, occupations and functions as well as instruments and even animals.
Pregnancy rates and predictors in women with HIV/AIDS in Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Friedman Ruth Khalili , Bastos Francisco I , Leite Iuri Costa , Veloso Valdiléa G , Moreira Ronaldo I , Cardoso Sandra W , Andrade Ângela C Vasconcelos de , Sampaio Michelle Cristina , Currier Judith , Grinsztejn Beatriz
Published: March 2011

OBJECTIVE: To assess incidence and predictors of first pregnancy among women with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: Prospective cohort study was conducted in Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, between 1996 and 2003. This study comprised 225 women with HIV/AIDS followed up until their first pregnancy or first censored event (hysterectomy, tubal ligation, menopause, 50 years of age, loss to follow-up, death or the end of December 2003). Pregnancy and abortion rates were estimated, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify baseline characteristics associated with pregnancy risk. RESULTS: The women were followed up for 565 person/years with a median follow-up of 3 years per women. The mean age was 32 years (SD: 7), and 54.7% were white. There were 60 pregnancies in 39 women, and 18 were terminated (induced abortions), accounting for a rate of 6.9% and 2.1% women/year, respectively. Repeated pregnancies occurred in 33.3% of the women (13/39). Higher pregnancy risk was seen among younger women (HR=3.42; 95%CI: 1.69;6.95) and those living with their partners (HR=1.89; 95%CI: 1.00;3.57). Lower pregnancy risk was associated with higher education level (HR=0.43; 95%CI: 0.19;0.99) and use of antiretroviral therapy (HR=061; 95%CI: 0.31;1.17). CONCLUSIONS: Lower pregnancy rates were found in our cohort than in the general population. Sociodemographic characteristics should be taken into consideration in the management of reproductive health in HIV-positive childbearing age women. Reproductive and family planning counseling must be incorporated into HIV/AIDS programs for women to help preventing HIV transmission to their partners and offspring.
Diferenciais socioeconômicos e de saúde entre duas comunidades de idosos longevos
Authors: Rosset Idiane , Roriz-Cruz Matheus , Santos Jair Licio F , Haas Vanderlei J , Fabrício-Wehbe Suzele C C , Rodrigues Rosalina A P
Published: March 2011

OBJETIVO: Identificar diferenciais demográficos e socioeconômicos relacionados ao estado de saúde de idosos mais velhos residentes em duas cidades de regiões diferentes do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico transversal e comparativo de idosos mais velhos (> 80 anos) residentes em Ribeirão Preto (RP-SP) e Caxias do Sul (CS-RS), com amostra probabilística de 117 sujeitos em CS e 155 em RP, realizado entre 2007 e 2008. O instrumento de coleta incluiu dados demográficos e socioeconômicos miniexame do estado mental, Medida de Independência Funcional, número de comorbidades auto-referidas e Escala de Depressão Geriátrica. RESULTADOS: A idade média foi similar, com predominância de mulheres (~70%) e viúvos (~60%) em ambos os municípios. A escolaridade média não diferiu estatisticamente, mas a renda média do idoso foi maior em RP do que em CS (p = 0,05). RP apresentou maior concentração de indivíduos nos extremos de escolaridade e renda do que CS. O escore médio do miniexame do estado mental foi similar entre os dois grupos e maior para indivíduos do sexo masculino, com idade entre 80 e 84 anos, casados e com maior escolaridade. Observou-se melhor desempenho funcional entre idosos de 80 a 84 anos em ambos os municípios, entre os de maior escolaridade em RP; e entre os do sexo masculino e os casados em CS. Idosos de CS apresentaram maior número de comorbidades do que os de RP (p < 0,001). Idosos do sexo masculino, casados e com maior renda apresentaram menos sintomas depressivos em ambos os grupos; os de RP apresentaram maior escore na Escala de Depressão Geriátrica do que os de CS (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÕES: Embora os idosos de CS apresentem menor desigualdade socioeconômica e menos sintomas depressivos, possuem também maior número médio de comorbidades e menor nível de independência funcional, quando comparados aos de RP.
Fatores contribuintes aos acidentes aeronáuticos
Authors: Fajer Marcia , Almeida Ildeberto Muniz de , Fischer Frida Marina
Published: March 2011

O objetivo do estudo foi comparar os resultados de investigações de acidentes aeronáuticos brasileiros do Centro de Investigação e Prevenção de Acidentes Aeronáuticos (Cenipa) com os do sistema de análise e classificação de fatores humanos (Human Factors Analysis and Classification System - HFACS). Foram analisados e comparados os relatórios finais de 36 investigações de acidentes aeronáuticos ocorridos entre 2000 e 2005, no estado de São Paulo. Foram mencionados 163 fatores contribuintes dos acidentes aeronáuticos nos relatórios do Cenipa, enquanto 370 foram identificados por meio do HFACS. Conclui-se que as análises do Cenipa não contemplaram fatores organizacionais associados aos acidentes aéreos.
Permanent vascular access in patients with end-stage renal disease, Brazil
Authors: Silva Gisele Macedo da , Gomes Isabel Cristina , Andrade Eli Iola Gurgel , Lima Eleonora Moreira , Acurcio Francisco de Assis , Cherchiglia Mariângela Leal
Published: March 2011

OBJECTIVE: To assess factors associated with the establishment of permanent vascular access for patients with end-stage renal disease. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted in a nationally representative sample of Brazilian end-stage renal disease patients in dialysis and transplant centers during 2007. The sample comprised only patients who received hemodialysis as a primary therapy modality and reported the type of vascular access for their primary hemodialysis treatment (N=2,276). Data were from the TRS Project - "Economic and Epidemiologic Evaluation of Modalities of Renal Replacement Therapy in Brazil". Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with the establishment of permanent vascular access in these patients. RESULTS: About 30% of the patients studied had an arteriovenous vascular access. The following factors were associated with a lower likelihood of having an arteriovenous vascular access as a primary type of access: time of hemodialysis start since the diagnosis of chronic renal failure < 1 year; shorter dialysis therapy; having no private health insurance; living in the central-western, northeastern and southeastern regions of Brazil; and living in the northern region plus having no private health insurance. In the final model there was found a positive association between the outcome and pre-dialysis care and no were association with socioeconomic and comorbidity variables. CONCLUSIONS: The study results showed that the focus should on pre-dialysis care to increase the establishment of an arteriovenous vascular access before starting hemodialysis in Brazil.
Adaptação cultural de instrumento para avaliação da capacidade física em cardiopatas
Authors: Domingues Gabriela de Barros Leite , Gallani Maria Cecília , Gobatto Claudio Alexandre , Miura Cinthya Tamie Passos , Rodrigues Roberta Cunha Matheus , Myers Jonathan
Published: March 2011

OBJETIVO: Validar o conteúdo e avaliar a confiabilidade do instrumento Veterans Specific Activity Questionnaire, adaptado culturalmente para uso na população brasileira de cardiopatas. MÉTODOS: O instrumento foi traduzido, retrotraduzido e analisado por comitê de juízes para avaliação das equivalências semântico-idiomática e cultural. As atividades físicas indicadas no instrumento incomuns ao cotidiano da população-alvo foram substituídas. Outro comitê de especialistas analisou a equivalência metabólica das atividades substituídas. A proporção de concordância de avaliação dos juízes foi quantificada pelo Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. O pré-teste foi realizado em duas etapas (n1 e n2 = 15). A confiabilidade foi avaliada por meio do teste re-teste (intervalo de 7-15 dias, n = 50). RESULTADOS: Na avaliação das equivalências semântico-idiomática e cultural, os itens com Índice de Validade de Conteúdo < 1 foram revisados até obtenção de consenso entre os juízes. Constatou-se 100% de concordância do segundo comitê na análise da equivalência metabólica entre as atividades originais e as substituídas. Análise do teste re-teste apontou coeficiente de concordância kappa (k = 0,86; p < 0,001), sugerindo estabilidade temporal do instrumento. CONCLUSÕES: A versão validada do Veterans Specific Activity Questionnaire apresentou evidências de confiabilidade segundo critério de estabilidade temporal e conteúdo cultural adequado.
Forty years of visceral leishmaniasis in the State of Piaui: a review
Authors: Drumond Karina Oliveira , Costa Francisco Assis Lima
Published: March 2011

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been known to occur in the state of Piauí since 1934. The typically rural disease began to appear in urban areas over time, being concentrated mainly in Teresina, the capital of Piauí. Teresina was also affected by the first urban epidemic of VL in Brazil. Over 1,000 cases of the disease were reported during urbanization (1981-1986). Human population growth and migration led to land occupation on the outskirts of Teresina. These factors have contributed to vector proliferation, increasing the incidence of VL. At present, the incidence of human and canine disease is quite high and uncontrolled in Piauí. It seems that some measures, such as the elimination of seropositive dogs, failed to significantly reduce the number of new VL cases in Teresina. Despite previously conducted studies, little is known about VL epidemiology in urban areas. The aim of this review is to reveal the situation of VL in Teresina during the last 40 years, focusing on the major factors that may contribute to the high incidence and persistence of VL infection.
Begging test: uma avaliação da graduação da comunicação visual entre cães sem raça definida, cães de raça (Golden Retrievers) e humanos
Authors: Martinez Edilberto Nobrega , Boere Vanner
Published: March 2011

O begging test tem sido usado para testar a capacidade dos cães em interpretar a atenção humana. Pistas faciais, como o olhar e a posição da cabeça são os principais sinais na comunicação entre cães e humanos. Até o momento, a estrutura do begging test utilizado em pesquisas não permitiu verificar se há uma graduação na atenção. Desse modo, não é possível dizer se a cabeça e o olhar diretamente dirigidos (muita atenção) ao cão aumentam o desempenho em relação a somente a posição da cabeça, mas sem olhar diretamente (pouca atenção) ou cabeça plus olhar desviados (desatenção). Nesse sentido, um teste envolvendo 58 cães de raça pura (Golden Retrievers) e mista foi realizado, nas três condições de atenção, com homens e mulheres estranhos aos animais servindo de sujeitos experimentais. Resultados demonstraram que independente da raça, do sexo dos cães ou do sexo das pessoas, os cães erraram pouco na condição de desatenção. Por outro lado, o desempenho dos cães não diferiu entre as condições de muita atenção e de pouca atenção, mas foi significativamente superior do que na condição de desatenção. Em conclusão, os cães são bons interpretadores da atenção humana, mas se baseiam em pistas mais relacionadas à posição da cabeça do que o olhar. Assim, sugere-se que não há uma graduação na interpretação da atenção de humanos em cães. O estímulo emocional gerado pelo olhar direto, sustentado entre animais sociais, pode explicar porque o olhar é evitado como pista da atenção humana em um teste com pessoas estranhas ao cão.
Extração de ácido clorogênico de farelo de girassol desengordurado
Authors: Rosa Patricia Mattos da , Antoniassi Rosemar , Gonçalves Elisabeth Borges , Bizzo Humberto Ribeiro , Silva Antonio Jorge Ribeiro da
Published: March 2011

A cultura de girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) vem se consolidando no Brasil, pois se adapta a diversas regiões do país e apresenta características interessantes tanto do ponto de vista agronômico, quanto em relação à composição do óleo e à qualidade de sua proteína. O farelo desengordurado de girassol tem sido utilizado para ração, mas seu escurecimento limita o uso para consumo humano. O farelo contém ácido clorogênico, um potente antioxidante, que quando oxidado pela polifenoloxidase gera compostos que causam o escurecimento e reduzem a qualidade nutricional da proteína. Neste trabalho, foram obtidos extratos de ácido clorogênico, a partir do farelo desengordurado de girassol, utilizando-se metanol ou etanol como solvente, nas temperaturas de 25, 40 e 60°C e tempos de contato de 30 e 60 minutos, constituindo um experimento a três critérios de classificação. Houve diferença significativa entre solventes, tempo e temperaturas (P<0,05). A maior eficiência de remoção de ácido clorogênico foi de 40%, quando o metanol foi utilizado. Os extratos de ácido clorogênico obtidos têm potencial de uso como antioxidante.
Psychosocial care Center for Alcohol and Drugs (CAPS ad): nursing insertion and practices in São Paulo City, Brazil
Authors: Vargas Divane de , Oliveira Marcia Aparecida Ferreira de , Duarte Fernando Augusto Bicudo
Published: March 2011

This exploratory study with a qualitative approach aimed to identify nurses' insertion and practices at Psychosocial Care Centers for alcohol and drugs in São Paulo City, Brazil. Sixteen nurses participated in the study. Data were recorded and were analyzed by dialectic hermeneutics and guided by Brazilian psychiatric reform premises. The results evidenced nurses' difficulties to take part in the care recommended at these services, as their practices are more linked up with the traditional mental health care model. Causes of this phenomenon include nurses' lack of preparation to act in psychoactive substance-related issues and lack of knowledge on specific contents that would favor their insertion into care practice in these scenarios. It is concluded that more attention should be paid to these contents in nursing education, as the legal requirement of nursing presence at these services is insufficient as a strategy to guarantee their actual insertion.
Tectonic breccia of the Cabo Frio area, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, intruded by Early Cretaceous mafic dyke: evidence of the Pan-African brittle tectonism?
Authors: Motoki Akihisa , Vargas Thais , Iwanuch Woldemar , Sichel Susanna Eleonora , Balmant Alex , Aires José Ribeiro
Published: March 2011

This paper presents the field descriptions and microscopic observations of a tectonic breccia in the basement gneiss of the Cabo Frio and Arraial do Cabo areas, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and its intrusive contact with the Early Cretaceous mafic dyke. At the sea cliff close to the Ilha do Japonês, there is an excellent contact outcrop between them. The tectonic breccia zone is 10 to 20m wide and has N30ºE direction. The breccia clasts are angular and characterized by auto-brecciation texture, and composed of breccia with similar aspect of the host tectonic breccia. The matrix is firmly consolidated by hydrothermalism and following silicification. The mafic dyke is 7 to 10m wide and of N45ºE direction. Along the contact, the dyke chilled margin featured by fine-grained basalt and prismatic joints can be observed. At the Conchas Beach and Arraial do Cabo city, there are four outcrops demonstrating the mafic dyke intrusion into the consolidated tectonic breccias. These outcrops prove that the tectonic breccias are older than the Early Cretaceous tholeiitic dykes. The fault breccias could have been formed during the brittle-phase tectonism of the last stage of the Pan-African Orogeny by hydrothermalism without magmatic activities, namely tectonic hydrothermalism. The existence of the clasts constituent of the breccia that are composed of breccia suggests that the fault movement and following hydrothermalism occurred repeatedly.
Effects of hot and warm rolling on microstructure, texture and properties of low carbon steel
Authors: Bruna Roberto Gerardo
Published: March 2011

It is well-known that variations in the thermomechanical processing can have a profound effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Low Carbon steels. Numerous studies have been published on the effect of composition, slab reheating temperature (SRT), hot rolling finishing temperature (FRT), coiling temperature after rolling (CT), amount of deformation during hot and cold rolling, and annealing temperature on the mechanical properties of LC steels. There are, however, some disagreements in the results presented in the literature. In this work the FRT and CT effects on the microstructure, recrystallization behavior and texture of LC steels rolled under hot and warm-rolling industrial conditions were investigated. The results in terms of the microstructure, crystallographic texture and properties are shown and discussed. In addition, this study will present the possible mechanisms responsible for the microstructure and mechanical properties observed.
Uma heurística para o planejamento operacional de lavra com alocação dinâmica de caminhões
Authors: Araújo Francisco César Rodrigues de , Souza Marcone Jamilson Freitas
Published: March 2011

Esse trabalho trata do planejamento operacional de lavra em minas a céu aberto com alocação dinâmica de caminhões. Esse problema consiste em determinar o número de viagens que cada caminhão deve fazer a cada frente de lavra, bem como decidir em quais frentes de lavra alocar as carregadeiras, de sorte a atender as metas de produção e qualidade requeridas para o minério a ser produzido, fazendo o melhor aproveitamento da frota de veículos disponível. Dada sua complexidade combinatória, o problema é resolvido por meio de um algoritmo heurístico baseado na metaeurística Iterated Local Search. O algoritmo proposto é testado usando-se dados reais e seus resultados são comparados com aqueles encontrados pelo otimizador LINGO aplicado a um modelo de programação matemática.
Concentração por flotação da apatita proveniente de rochas de filiação carbonatítica
Authors: Paiva Paulo Renato Perdigão , Monte Marisa Bezerra de Mello , Gaspar José Carlos
Published: March 2011

Esse estudo de processamento busca o aprimoramento das operações de flotação ireta e de flotação reversa da apatita proveniente de rochas de filiação carbonatítica, objetivando obter um concentrado de apatita na especificação da indústria de ácido fosfórico. A flotação direta da apatita foi realizada em duas etapas de flotação, rougher e cleaner. O objetivo da flotação direta foi gerar um produto para alimentar o circuito de flotação reversa da apatita. A flotação reversa foi realizada em três etapas (rougher, cleaner e recleaner) e em pH igual a 5,0, utilizando o ácido fosfórico (H3PO4) como depressor da apatita. Em linhas gerais, os resultados dos ensaios de flotação reversa evidenciaram a recuperação da apatita, o que demonstra que os reagentes específicos utilizados favoreceram a seletividade do sistema. Foi possível obter um concentrado de apatita com 38,11% de P2O5, 50,98% de CaO, 1,07% de Fe2O3, 0,67% de MgO e razão CaO/ P2O5 de 1,34.
Da universidade autônoma ao ensino superior operacional: considerações sobre a crise da universidade e a crise do Estado nacional
Authors: Groppo Luís Antonio
Published: March 2011

Resgatando a relação entre o Estado nacional e a universidade moderna, comenta-se sobre a criação do mito-realidade da nação em consonância com o mito-realidade da universidade- instituição, a qual estaria destinada a pensar sua nação e sua época de modo autônomo. Após apresentar as crises da universidade - de hegemonia, de legitimidade e institucional - o artigo busca relacionar a mais séria destas crises, a institucional, que ameaça tornar a universidade-instituição autônoma em universidade operacional, com a crise daquele Estado nacional, no contexto da globalização do capital. Finda apresentando os principais contornos da crise institucional da universidade no Brasil contemporâneo.
Ensino superior, assistência estudantil e mercado de trabalho: um estudo com egressos da UFMG
Authors: Vargas Michely de Lima Ferreira
Published: March 2011

O presente artigo apresenta os principais resultados de estudo que examinou as conexões entre as desigualdades de acesso e permanência no ensino superior, a assistência estudantil e a inserção profissional de uma amostra de egressos da UFMG. A análise comparativa da situação socioeconômica dos egressos da amostra, composta tanto por profissionais que participaram dos programas de assistência estudantil oferecidos pela universidade, bem como por aqueles que não foram bolsistas, demonstrou que, de posse do diploma, no que diz respeito aos níveis de remuneração, os ex-bolsistas estão em igualdade de condições no mercado de trabalho com seus congêneres que não receberam esse apoio. No caso da amostra analisada neste trabalho, a remuneração dos bolsistas é afetada pelos mesmos fatores que influenciam a composição dos rendimentos dos não bolsistas, ou seja, carreira, titulação e setor de atuação. O exame dos dados apontou que a renda se relaciona fortemente com a carreira, assim como têm demonstrado estudos sobre perfil de egressos de graduação no Brasil. A análise efetuada evidenciou que ao auxiliar estudantes pobres a obter o diploma de graduação, a assistência estudantil colabora para que estes universitários tornem-se profissionais qualificados e ingressem no mercado de trabalho portando credenciais valorizadas, ampliando suas possibilidades de ascender socialmente.
O programa de pós-graduação em educação da UNESP de Marília: contribuições para uma agenda de discussões sobre aspectos da política de pós-graduação no Brasil
Authors: Castro Rosane Michelli de
Published: March 2011

Apresentam-se parte dos resultados obtidos com as atividades de pesquisa desenvolvidas em nível de estágio pós-doutoral junto à Fundação Carlos Chagas, entre abril de 2009 e março de 2010, com o objetivo geral de identificar, reunir, analisar e interpretar os aspectos da Pós-Graduação em Educação da Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências - FFC - Unesp/Campus de Marília (1988-2008) e suas contribuições para a Pós-Graduação no Brasil. Tal pesquisa se justifica considerando-se que, a avaliação dos aspectos da trajetória pregressa e da evolução de cada Programa de Pós-Graduação e seu contexto institucional, bem como as suas perspectivas de trajetória futura, concorrem para a história, para a redefinição e aperfeiçoamento dos aspectos da política de Pós-Graduação no Brasil. Particularmente neste texto, apresentamos os resultados dos trabalhos desenvolvidos mediante análise dos aspectos da configuração textual dos relatos orais de ex-partícipes do Programa que evidenciaram desafios que, historicamente, permanecem em aberto, dentre eles, os referentes ao desequilíbrio quanto à representatividade dos Programas das universidades estaduais com relação aos das estaduais nos órgãos colegiados centrais e à exigência de super especialização dos Programas quanto às suas propostas de investigação.
Vivendo entre o pesadelo e o despertar: o primeiro momento no enfrentamento da diálise peritoneal
Authors: Santos Felipe Kaezer dos , Valadares Glaucia Valente
Published: March 2011

Este artigo é originado de uma dissertação de mestrado cujo objeto foi o significado do enfrentamento do cliente portador de doença renal crônica mediante o início da diálise peritoneal. Os sujeitos do estudo foram considerados na perspectiva do Interacionismo Simbólico, que valoriza o significado dos elementos do mundo como determinantes para a interação. Seguindo os procedimentos metodológicos da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados foram instituídos os cinco elementos do paradigma de análise: Causas, Contexto, Fatores Intervenientes, Estratégias de Ação/Interação e Consequências. O objetivo desta discussão é conhecer as formas pelas quais o cliente portador de doença renal crônica enfrenta a diálise peritoneal, na iminência de realização deste método. Enfrentando essa nova situação, o cliente parte para um despertar, abandonando a ideia de morte e fazendo uma distinção clara entre a doença renal crônica e a diálise. Se antes as duas percepções pareciam uma só, o despertar apresenta a diálise peritoneal como a "antimorte", como um renascer para a vida.
Investigação sobre o acesso ao tratamento de tuberculose em Itaboraí/RJ
Authors: Lafaiete Rute dos Santos , Silva Cleidiani Baptista da , Oliveira Monalisa Garcia de , Motta Maria Catarina Salvador da , Villa Tereza Cristina Scatena
Published: March 2011

Diante dos problemas apontados na literatura relacionados ao acesso na atenção primária à saúde, o estudo teve como objetivo analisar o acesso ao tratamento do doente com tuberculose em Itaboraí.Um estudo exploratório, quantitativo, com 100 indivíduos entrevistados em agosto e setembro/2007. Utilizou-se o instrumento Primary Care Assessment Tool validado e adaptado para tuberculose. RESULTADOS: 71% sempre conseguem atendimento médico; 54% disseram que o profissional que acompanha seu tratamento nunca visita em casa; 77% fazem tratamento na unidade mais perto da sua casa; 66% nunca deixam de trabalhar e utilizam transporte motorizado, 62% pagam transporte; 93% relataram que nunca faltou medicamento; 63% relataram que nunca demora mais de 60 minutos para consulta. Aspectos como a visita domiciliar e a distribuição do auxílio transporte devem ser revistos. O atendimento médico, o tratamento próximo à residência, a oferta das medicações e a espera pelo atendimento foram satisfatórios.