bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The (in) equivalence in the translation of the legal texts of succession from Arabic to Spanish
Authors: Mohammed Salam Naji , Jasim Reyadh Mahdi
Published: October 2022

La traducción jurídica se caracteriza por la complicación, especialmente a la hora de traducir de dos sistemas jurídicos muy diferentes como el iraquí y el español, donde la divergencia de la cultura, la lengua y sobre todo los sistemas jurídicos juegan un papel muy importante en la traducción y hace el proceso de la traducción aún más difícil para el traductor. En esta investigación abordaremos el caso de (in)equivalencia en la traducción los documentos de sucesión del árabe al español, citaremos las clasificaciones de dichas equivalencias según los lingüistas más destacados hablando detalladamente de cada tipo, y también de su papel en el lenguaje jurídico, luego analizaremos unos documentos jurídicos árabes, más precisamente de Irak, destacando el tipo de equivalencia en cada término y también indicamos si dichos términos carecen de equivalencia, resaltar el mejor procedimiento de la traducción. También abordaremos las fuentes del Derecho iraquí que son tomadas del islam, y eso, a su vez, complica más el procedimiento de la traducción.
הבדיחה והקריקטורה בשפה העברית
Authors: AbdulSattar Zuhoor Najdat , Abd Rahim Radi
Published: October 2022

במחקר הזה נותחו, לפי שיטת הניתוח הלשוני, כמה טקסטים עבריים שנבחרו למחקר. המחקר התעניין בניתוח של שני סוגים שונים של טקסטים הומוריסטיים בשפה העברית, נותחו טקסטים נבחרים מהבדיחה העברית, כמו כן, נותחו טקסטים עבריים של קריקטורה. והוצגו גם הפונקציות החשובות ביותר של השימוש באירוניה בשפתם של סוגי הטקסטים הנ"ל. ולאחר מכן, יבואו המסקנות, שהוצגו באמצעותן התוצאות הבולטות ביותר שהגיעו על־ידי המחקר.
الكلب في النصوص المسمارية الطبية
Authors: Al-Nidawy Nesreen Jabur Ubied , Esso Majida H. Mansoor
Published: October 2022

من خلال استقراء بعض النصوص المسمارية فقد كان للكلب حضورا دينيا في بلاد الرافدين من حيث كونه مرافقا شخصيا للكثير من الآلهة ولاسيَّما الإلهة نن-إيسينا/كولا إلهة الطب والشفاء التي عدّ الكلب رمزها الديني، فبحسب رأي بعض الباحثين أن السبب في ذلك هو أن هذا الحيوان عادة ما يقوم بلعق جروحه وهذا بحد ذاته نوع من التطبب لما يحتويه لعابه من مضادات جرثومية تعمل مثل المضادات الحيوية، مع أن الدراسات السريرية العلمية تؤكد على الأثر المحدود في تعزيز الشفاء من لعاب الكلاب.

        كما أدت تماثيل الكلب الصغيرة دوراً في المجال من حيث كون بعضها كان لأغراض تعبدية - تكريسية للإلهة كولا ومعابدها بالدرجة الأولى ، إذ أن هذه  التماثيل كانت للحماية والوقاية من الأخطار والشرور التي تجلبها الأرواح الشريرة، عن طريق دفن تلك التماثيل، الملونة أحيانا، تحت عتبات القصور والبيوت أو في زوايا الغرف وكما استعملت بعض تلك التماثيل لأغراض دينية – طبية الغاية منها صنع بديل لتحويل الشرور القابعة في المريض نحو التمثال للتخلص منها وكما دخلت العديد من أجزاء جسم الكلب الحي وأفرازاته في صنع الأدوية في بلاد الرافدين.
التوظيف البلاغي للون في الفيلم الروائي
Authors: Abdulmahdi Muneer Salah
Published: October 2022

مرت السينما منذ اكتشافها الى الان بعدة تطورات جاءت على مستويين التقني والفني، التي ساعدت بشكل فاعل بتحولها من صناعة الى فن، ومن بين تلك التطورات كان اكتشاف اللون ودخوله الى السينما، التي كانت تعتمد على لونين الابيض والاسود بشكل اساسي حيث لم تكن قابلية اضافة اللون متاحة في العقود الثلاثة الاولى من حياتها، ونظراً لما يملكه اللون من اهمية فدخوله الى السينما كان ضرورة لا بد منها، وهذا ما دفع العاملين في هذا المجال الى البدء في محاولاتهم وتجاربهم لأضافة عنصر اللون الى الفيلم.

      وبعد فترة وجيزة من دخوله الى السينما. سراعان ما أدرك العاملين في هذا المجال مدى اهمية وتاثيره على المشاهد، حتى أصبح أحد اهم عناصر اللغة السينمائية، فلم يعد مجرد صبغة تملئ الاطار بل أصبحت له فلسفة خاصة تميزه عن غيره من عناصر لغة الصورة. فيعمل اللون على خلق الاحساس العام والخاص، وتقديم المعنى الدرامي والبلاغي الذي يريد صانع العمل ايصاله الى المشاهد داخل بنية الصورة السينمائية.
بررسی نقش فعل در برگزیدهای از مجموعۀ شعری(اگر هزار قلم داشتم) ژاله اصفهانی
Authors: Obaid Mustafa Ali , Muhammad Aqeel Abdul Hussein
Published: October 2022

از آن­جا که فعل یکی از مهمترین مقوله­های دستوری است که جمله را تشکیل می­دهد و مرکز ثقل آن محسوب می­شود, در این تحقیق با توجه به نظریۀ گنش­های گفتاری (سرل) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است و این مورد در قصاید منتخب از اشعار ژاله اصفهانی و با توجه روش توصیفی- تحلیلی اعمال شد. در اینجا ما به مهمترین نتایج بدست آمده اشاره می­کنیم:

که شاعر از کنشهای (اظهاری و عاطفی) بیشتر از بقیۀ کنش­ها در سیستم­های قصاید خود بهره­مند شده است. از این رو, او با کمک این کنش­ها دنیای ایده­آل خود را  می­ساخت و به تصویر می­کشد. پس از آن, کنش ترغیبی می­آید که در این اشعار نیز بسیار مکرر بود, جایی که برای تشویق گیرنده با جهان ایده­آل احتمالی وی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. کنش­های (اعلامی و تعهدی) را کمترین سهم داشتند, این به دلیل, ویژگی­ها و نقش­های محدود آن است,که شاعر در تنظیم شعر خود جز در شکل نادر از آن بهره­ نمی­برد.
How to achieve balance between the efficacy of metastatic breast cancer treatment and the quality of life
Authors:   N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Artamonova E.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian NationM.F. Vladimirskiy Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tkachenko E.V ,   N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Freyer G. ,   Medical Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Lyon, France, Chernyad’eva S.N. ,   Center of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Kirov, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

On July 01, 2022, a symposium focused on the current prospects of metastatic breast cancer (BC) treatment and the achievement of balance between the efficacy of therapy and the quality of life was held within the 7th St. Petersburg International Oncology Forum White Nights — 2022. The Forum was one of the largest events in oncology which brought together a broad range of specialists from Russia and other countries. The symposium was co-chaired by Elena V. Artamonova (N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology) and Elena V. Tkachenko (N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology). The article includes symposium presentations elucidating factors, associated with the selection of chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer; specific chemotherapy for metastatic luminal HR+/ Her2- tumors; and two clinical case reports describing the tactics of BC management in a female and male patient. KEYWORDS: breast cancer, oncology, chemotherapy, metastases, vinorelbine, capsules. FOR CITATION: Artamonova E.V., Tkachenko E.V., Freyer G., Chernyad’eva S.N. How to achieve balance between the efficacy of breast cancer treatment and the quality of life. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(6):326–333 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6- 6-326-333.
Early gastric cancer: clinical case
Authors:   N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Malikhova O.A. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ryabova V.E. ,   N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lozovaya V.V. ,   N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tumanyan A.O. ,   N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Krylovetskaya M.A. ,   N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Halaev Z.V. ,   "Medical Company" LLC, Grozny, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common types of malignant neoplasms in Russia and worldwide. In recent decades, GC incidence and mortality have been declining. However, gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, facilitating further improvements of GC diagnostics and treatment. As known, early gastric cancer is a tumor limited to the gastric mucosa or the submucosal layer of the stomach wall. The detection of early-stage GC is the goal of screening programs. The rapid development of endoscopic technologies and the introduction of the ZOOM endoscopy and narrow-band imaging for precise diagnostics have dramatically improved the quality and effectiveness of patient examinations. These advances have underpinned the increased detection of early gastric cancer. Early gastric cancer can be completely cured. Until recently, the gold standard treatment for GC, including its early stages, was radical resection and gastrectomy. This treatment approach is fully justified and ideal from the perspective of oncology. At the same time, it is associated with postoperative complications and deaths, as well as with a substantial decrease in the quality of life in long term GC survivors. Latest endoscopic technologies enable to perform organ-preserving operations in patients with early GC. As a result, it is possible to reduce dramatically the probability of postoperative complications and to improve the quality of life of patients. As of today, the optimization of endoscopic techniques for the treatment of early GC, as well as the search and implementation of new techniques are considered as the most important issues. The article presents a review of key endoscopic methods used for diagnosis and treatment of GC and a clinical case of a patient with early subcardial stomach cancer. KEYWORDS: oncology, gastric cancer, early gastric cancer, dysplastic changes in the stomach mucosa, endoscopy, endoscopic diagnostics, endoscopic resection, OVESCO. FOR CITATION: Malikhova O.A., Ryabova V.E., Lozovaya V.V. et al. Early gastric cancer: clinical case. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(6):334– 340 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-6-334-340.
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for malignant insulinoma: New horizons
Authors: Sebastián-Valles F. , Sampedro-Núñez M. , Marazuela M.
Published: October 2022

Malignant insulinoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor, located exclusively in the pancreas, characterized by severe hypoglycemia secondary to excessive insulin secretion. Somatostatin analogs (SSA) and everolimus have been added to the classic treatment with diazoxide in the last years. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has also been recently tested in a few patients with insulinoma with apparently satisfactory results. We present a 49-year-old woman with a loss of consciousness in the context of severe hypoglycemia that was diagnosed of malignant insulinoma. She underwent tumor excision and a total pancreatectomy and after an extended hospital stay, she was discharged without hypoglycemia under treatment with ASS.
After observing tumor progression, treatment with 4 cycles of PRRT was performed with symptomatic control, reduction of some of the metastatic lesions and stabilization of other lesions with excellent tolerance to treatment. PRRT is a possible alternative for the symptomatic and etiological treatment of malignant insulinoma.
T cell senescence: A novel therapeutic target for aging
Authors: Delgado Pulido S. , Escrig-Larena J.I. , Mittelbrunn M.
Published: October 2022

Aging of the immune system is characterized by a progressive loss of function, which limits vaccine effectiveness and is responsible for the increase in the susceptibility to infections, cancer and autoimmune diseases observed in elderly population. Recent evidences suggest that intrinsic alterations accumulated in T lymphocytes with age actively contribute to the state of chronic inflammation which underlies age-associated pathologies. We have accelerated the aging process in mice by inducing a mitochondrial dysfunction exclusively in T cells. These mice showed signs of systemic premature senescence and multimorbidity, evidencing that alterations in T cell functionality are sufficient to accelerate a whole-organism aging phenotype. Thus, T cell aging plays a crucial role in systemic deterioration and may be involved in neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases whose incidence drastically increases with age. Understanding how the immune system contributes to age-associated multimorbidity is an urgent challenge, which could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies destined to achieve a healthier aging. In this regard, immunotherapy is emerging as a new and promising technique aimed to delay age-associated diseases.
Inappropriate drug prescription in older people
Authors: Cruz Jentoft A.J.
Published: October 2022

Drugs are widely used to treat acute and chronic conditions in older people. However, the incidence of adverse drug reactions increases with age and are a frequent cause of hospital admission, especially in patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Many of these adverse drug reactions could potentially be prevented. A prescription is considered to be potentially inappropriate in an older person if it carries a significant risk of producing an adverse drug reaction, especially when a safer alternative is available.
In recent years, many instruments have been developed to help detecting potentially inappropriate prescriptions, most of them explicit lists of drugs that should not be used or cannot be used in the presence of certain conditions. The most widely used are the Beers-AGS criteria and the STOPP-START criteria. A systematic use of such instruments has been shown to improve not only the quality of prescriptions, but also several health outcomes in older multimorbid patients.
Research is growing on the new concept of deprescription, described as the process of withdrawing inappropriate drugs, supervised by a health care professional, with the intention of reducing polypharmacy, improving outcomes and limiting iatrogenia. Prescriptors should become familiar with the different tools available to improve prescription quality and reduce drug related risks in older complex patients.
Hypotension in Older Treated Hypertensive Patients. Epidemiological Burden and Detection Efficiency
Authors: Banegas J.R.
Published: October 2022

Hypertension (systolic/diastolic blood pressure [SBP/DBP] ≥140 and/or ≥90 mmHg) is a very common condition in older people (prevalence >60%) and one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and renal benefits of treating it properly are abundantly supported by clinical trials. However, an excessive reduction in BP (e.g., postural or pharmacological), especially if it is sustained over time, is less known but apparently more frequent than expected and clinically-efficient to detect (e.g., with ambulatory monitoring [ABPM] or home-BP self-measurement). Some studies have associated hypotension with a greater risk of fatigue, dizziness, imbalance, falls, cardiovascular disease, kidney damage, and dementia. In older and frail patients with treated hypertension, some proposed safety margins are SBP/DBP of 130-139 (if tolerated)/70-79 mmHg and, in general, BP should not be reduced below these values. Orthostatic hypotension (>20/10 mmHg fall in SBP/DBP within 3 minutes of erect standing) and ambulatory hypotension (mean daytime BP <110/70 mmHg) can be detected measuring standing BP in the office and with 24-hour ABPM, respectively. Several studies suggest that there may not be a single treatment goal for all patients because the BP/outcome relation seems to be modified by the patient’s age, co-morbidities, drugs, etc., and ignorance of this can lead to hypotension and other deleterious effects. The balance between efficacy and safety of the drug treatment of hypertension can be reasonably achieved by the good doctor practicing personalized medicine, individualizing the treatment of each of his older patients (who are genetic, demographic, physiological, metabolic, psychological, and culturally different), combining the updated scientific evidence, his/her experience and comprehensive knowledge of the patient (age, co-morbidities, etc), and the preferences of the patient or their caregiver. Most of this review is supported by some recent clinical practice guidelines.
Scientific basis for the use of melatonin in COVID 19
Authors: Fernández-Tresguerres Hernández J.A. , Rancan L. , Paredes S. , Vara E. , Sánchez García M.
Published: October 2022

Melatonin is a hormone that acts facilitating the appearance of physiological sleep It has also a very evident antinflammatory and antioxidant capacities that result in beneficial actions on the aging processes in the cardiovascular system and in the lungs where our group has detected a protective action against oxidative stress , inflammation and apoptosis . Although melatonin is not viricidal by itself in some models of viral infections it has demonstrated its ability to reduce viral load and also inflammation and oxidation, reducing the severity of the disease. In COVID 19 melatonin has been shown to be able to interfere with the infectious process that takes place through ACE2 and EGF receptors being able to block these interactions thus reducing viremia .It is able to block the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome thus dramatically reducing the massive secretion of cytokines and markedly reducing hyperinflammation and apoptosis leading to a better evolution of the disease .For all these reasons melatonin could play an important role in the treatment of COVID 19.
Experimental models in the study of epileptogenesis
Authors: Pozo M.A. , Hernández-Martín N. , Bascuñana P. , Fernández de la Rosa R. , Gómez F. , Martín E.D. , García-García L.
Published: October 2022

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease characterized by spontaneous recurrently occurring epileptic seizures as a consequence of abnormal, excessive and synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of focal epilepsy in adults, being characterized by hippocampal sclerosis, reactive gliosis, neurodegeneration, and synaptic reorganization. Animal models of TLE based on the administration of convulsive agents trigger a status epilepticus (SE) that progresses towards the occurrence of spontaneous recurrent seizures. Among these models are those induced by the systemic administration of pilocarpine or by intrahippocampal injection of kainic acid, both being characterized by 3 clearly defined phases: (i) acute SE seizures; (ii) latent period and (iii) occurrence of recurrent spontaneous seizures. These models not only reproduce most of the neuropathological TLE features but also allow for the identification of biomarkers of epileptogenesis and potential pharmacological targets. The use of neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) with the radiotracer 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) identifies brain hypometabolism in the latent period that not only localizes the epileptic focus but is also an biomarker of early diagnosis. Other neuroimaging techniques allow for detecting, among others, biomarkers of neuroinflammation, alterations in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier and astrocytic activation, all of them associated with epileptogenesis. Finally, the use of chemogenetics through DREADDs (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs) technology in murine models leads to targeted modulation of astrocytic activity, being a novel tool that considers the contribution of the astrocytes role in brain metabolic alterations in epileptogenesis.
Conservative surgery of the spleen. Bases and technical options
Authors: Rodríguez Montes J.A.
Published: October 2022

Review of the literature regarding spleen surgery shows us that total splenectomy, regardless of the degree of splenic injury, has been established over the centuries in the treatment of choice, not only because of the lack of more conservative methods because it was not possible to identify some important function of the spleen.
Although the spleen is not essential for life, its removal can cause lower resistance to systemic infections, and easier diffusion by hematic route of bacteria although their functions can be assumed by other lymphoid organs and bone marrow.
Recognition of immune functions and the segmental structure of the spleen have been that have laid the bases of conservative surgery in spleen trauma, and the increased risk of infection has gone, in particular the post-splenectomy sepsis, who has promoted the design and application of different methods and operative techniques to avoid the total splenectomy, since the conservation of a portion of organ could be enough to prevent such a fearsone complication.
In this article the fundamentals and technical options of conservative surgery in spleen trauma are exposed.
Kinesiología gerontológica: Temas relevantes para un envejecimiento activo
Authors: Astorga Verdugo Sebastián
Published: October 2022

El proceso de envejecimiento es inminente en el ser humano y está ligado al estilo de vida que se haya llevado en los años anteriores. La disminución de la fuerza y de la flexibilidad, la reducción de la longitud del paso de la marcha y una motricidad desequilibrada marcan el paso de la adultez a la adultez mayor. Acciones sistemáticas a lo largo de la vida predeterminarán la clase de adulto mayor que se quiere ser; algunas de ellas beneficiarán la salud física y mental y otras, sin duda, forjarán un envejecimiento prematuro y menos funcional. Dado estos posibles escenarios, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) incorporó en 2002 el concepto de envejecimiento activo el cual definió como “el proceso de optimizar las oportunidades de salud, participación y seguridad en orden a mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas que envejecen”. Considerando esto, los adultos mayores serán, más que cualquier otra población, el grupo etario con mayor necesidad de incorporar la actividad física regular a su estilo de vida como una medida preventiva para mantener sus niveles de autonomía durante más tiempo y con ello conducir su proceso de envejecer de manera más activa y funcional. Kinesiología gerontológica. Temas relevantes para un envejecimiento activo reúne siete artículos cuyo eje central es, entonces, la actividad física, la cual aborda a través de temáticas como la neurociencia en el envejecimiento, el metabolismo cardiorrespiratorio, las modificaciones biomecánicas y la conducta y la cognición, entre otras. En cuanto a la actividad física, la población adulta mayor será, más que cualquier otra, el grupo etáreo de mayor necesidad de incorporar la actividad física regular a su estilo de vida como una medida preventiva no farmacológica para mantener los niveles de autonomía y funcionalidad motriz durante más tiempo y así favorecer de manera más funcional el proceso de envejecer activamente.
Visual communication as a mass culture phenomenon
Authors: Denysіyuk Zhanna
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the work is to investigate the phenomenon of visual communication, which is largely mediated by the emergence and development of mass culture, and in the conditions of the digital information, environment acquires the features of a universal cultural code. The research methodology is based on applying a systemic approach, an analytical method, cultural, semiotic, and axiological, which will allow a comprehensive consideration of the given problem and formulate well-founded conclusions. The scientific novelty is characterized by the fact that for the first time the problems of visual communication were investigated in terms of mass culture, which, thanks to the same visuality, is transformed in the conditions of the emergence and development of information digital technologies, which have become a system-forming factor for the cultural phenomena of the digital environment, which acquires the features of a complete socio-cultural space capable of producing values and meanings, to organize everyday society, thereby fulfilling the function of mass culture. Conclusions. Visual communication mediated by the digital environment and technologies is not only a full-fledged component of cultural practices, and processes of information exchange, but also a producer of meanings, values, and values embedded in the architecture of visual images. Today, the Internet environment is not only a modern powerful channel of communication but also a complete socio-cultural space that produces new cultural practices, saturating them with new meanings and meanings. Visual content formed on the Internet, thanks to the application of the game principle as a communicative strategy, and being saturated every time with other creative ideas for the reproduction of socially significant information for the participants of the communicative process, becomes a separate segment of cultural reality that produces new meanings and meanings. Visuality as a sign of a mass culture in the space of communication acquires new meanings, forming the universality of visual language, which, however, can be filled with values and meanings of a specific culture. Modern socio-cultural practices, mediated by the Internet network, have most contributed to the formation of separate Internet culture, and especially to the formation of its new digital forms, which are the result of both individual and collective creativity. This marked a new era in the development of the Internet in general, as well as in the development of the principles of communication, which was primarily caused by the emergence of social networks, blogs, which provided an opportunity to express one's own opinion, creativity, and their distribution among the familiar and unfamiliar public. Accordingly, in the development of modern socio-cultural practices, we observe a direct dependence on informational and technological progress.

Key words: mass culture, visual communication, image semantics, digital environment, communication, cultural practices.
Particular Characteristics of Body Identification Practices in Social Networks: National Observation
Authors: Zhyhailo Maryna
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the work is to determine the peculiarities of body identification practices in social networks based on the national experience. The research methodology is based on the application of axiological, comparative analysis, hermeneutic interpretation, and structural and functional methods. The stated methodological instruments allow identifying the influence of consumption culture on the nature and specifics of representation of identification practices in social networks. The scientific novelty lies in theoretical analysis, firstly, of the morphosis of body identification practices in social networks, secondly, of the body deviations in the context of contraposition Me/Other, and thirdly, of up-to-date trends of body practices construction based on acceptance of the own body not depending on any characteristics, peculiarities, beauty canons propagated by the pop culture. Conclusions. The dynamics of changes in body identification practices in social networks are related to the globalization processes, constant acceleration of the “pop culture pulse”, commercialization of values, and society's escape to a virtual world. The body broadcasting on social networks is influenced by the culture of consumption, stereotypes, images, and standards popularized by the mass media. The alternative way of body identification practices is the refusal from the body canons propagated by the pop culture and focus on the inner world of the personality.

Key words: social media, body identification practices, images, stereotypes, the culture of consumption.
On the problem of interaction between art and politics in the context of contemporary culture
Authors: Tormakhova Anastasiia
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to outline the problem of interaction between art and politics in the context of modern socio-cultural space. The research methodology involves the use of the method of synthesis to determine the specifics of art and its role in the context of today's culture. The method of analogy was used to outline common dominants in modern European mural art, which is dedicated to Ukraine. An analytical approach was used to determine the correlation between art, culture, and politics. Scientific novelty. The relationship between art and politics within the modern cultural space is outlined. We need to strengthen control in the field of cultural policy over artistic content, which reaches a wide audience, and to achieve a balance between freedom and responsibility in the individual creative activity of the artist. Conclusions. Art is an expression of those cultural and political processes that take place in society. It forms a certain worldview, and acts as a means of struggle, the bearer of a certain ideology. An important task in this regard is the need for expert evaluation of the art product. In the absence of official censorship, it is necessary to prevent violations of moral, ethical and religious norms. During the war, the role of art in human life is even more important, because it is formed under the influence of political processes and significantly affects consciousness. It is important to achieve a correlation between the freedom and responsibility of the artist when he is free to choose the content and form of his own works, given the impact he has on the viewer. On the example of murals that appeared in Ukrainian and European cities during the beginning of the full-scale invasion of Russian troops, we can trace the presence of common features manifested in the specifics of themes, images, symbols, colors. They are the driving force of cultural and ideological support for Ukraine in the struggle for freedom.

Key words: culture, art, politics, art product, war, mural
Prevenção do carcinoma do colo uterino uma Unidade Sanitária da UFPel
Authors: Karam Simone de Menezes , Horta Bernardo Lessa , Gheling Cristina Rovére
Published: October 2022

Este estudo avaliou a adesão das pacientes de uma Unidade Sanitária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas ao Programa de Prevenção do Carcinoma do Colo Uterino. Foram entrevistadas 224 mulheres com idade entre 15 e 55 anos que consultavam nesta US, com um questionário padronizado. O questionário continha perguntas sobre o uso de métodos anti-concepcionais, hábito de fumar, atividade sexual, realização do exame de Papanieolaou (se ela já havia a ele se submetido, há quanto tempo e qual seu resultado). Do total de entrevistados, 81,2% delas haviam feito pré-câncer; das com vida sexual ativa, aproximadamente 80% tinham feito o exame de Papanieolaou pelo menos uma vez. Estes resultados demonstram uma alta cobertura do programa.
Fibrossarcoma de mama - Relato de caso
Authors: Vereno Filho Álvaro Lopes , Chambô Filho Antônio , Scárdua Eduardo Frizzera , Guimarães Ronney A. , Mattedi Carmem L. S. , Barcelos Mara Rejane Barroso
Published: October 2022

Os autores relatam um caso de fibrossarcoma de mama em uma mulher de 19 anos, abordando a conduta e a terapêutica utilizadas. Revisam a literatura, quanto à incidência, diagnóstico e tratamento realizado. A abordagem diagnostica, além da propedêutica clínica, pode ser confirmada com segurança por biópsia Trucut e por biópsia aspirativa por agulha fina. No caso relatado, procedeu-se à biópsia excisional. O diagnóstico diferencial se fez com o fibrohistiocitoma angiomatoso maligno. Para estabelecer o diagnóstico histopatológico de certeza e elaborar o plano terapêutico foi utilizado estudo de imunohistoquímica, que confirmou tratar-se a peça de um fibrossarcoma. As terapêuticas utilizadas por vários autores foram comparadas, e optou-se por se fazer uma mastectomia simples. Apesar de este tumor ser pouco freqüente, observa-se que a estratégia terapêutica deve ser baseada no seu comportamento biológico e na sua origem histogenética, inclusive quanto ao modo de disseminação. Logo, é de se enfatizar a importância de publicações de relatos de casos.
Registro hospitalar de câncer - Hospital de Oncologia/Instituto Nacional de Câncer/MS. Seguimento (Follow-up) do ano base de 1992 - junho 1996
Authors: Sampaio Ernani , Paiva Fernando , Souza Iara de
Published: October 2022

Os autores relatam as atividades do Registro Hospitalar de Câncer do Hospital de Oncologia (RHC/HO), que teve início em abril de 1993, com o propósito de colher e analisar documentos e informes científicos de procedimentos médico-assistenciais exercidos na unidade hospitalar quanto aos aspectos quantitativos, qualitativo e percentuais. O objetivo do trabalho é o de diagnosticar entraves e dificuldades funcionais, para que a direção institucional, em conjunto com o corpo administrativo e clínico, possa solucioná-los no menor espaço de tempo possível.
O incentivo e a melhoria da qualidade da pesquisa sobre o câncer no Brasil
Authors: Moraes Marcos F.
Published: October 2022

O editorial apresenta a reunião promovida pela União Internacional Contra o Câncer – UICC, em Oslo - Noruega, na qual se discutiu a viabilidade de se incentivar e melhorar a qualidade da pesquisa sobre o câncer, nos países em desenvolvimento.
Tendencias de la incidencia y la mortalidad de los linfomas en Cuba
Authors: Garcia Antonio Martin , Alvarez Yaima Galán , García Jorge Luís Soriano , Alvarez Patrícia Luaces , Salvá Armando Rodriguez , Garrote Leticia Fernández
Published: October 2022

Antecedentes: En Cuba, los linfomas se han incluído tradicionalmente entre Ias localizaciones de câncer más frecuentes. Objetivos: Se describió el comportamiento de la incidência y la mortalidad de los linfomas entre 1976 y 1990, de acuerdo a Ias principales variables epidemiológicas; edad, sexo y variedad histológica. Método: Se incluyeron todos los casos reportados al Registro Nacional de Câncer entre 1976 y 1990. Los casos fueron agrupados en Ias dos categorias diagnosticas clásicas: Enfermedad de Hodgkin y Linfomas no Hodgkinianos y de acuerdo al momento de reporte, en tres períodos quinquenales. Eueron calculadas Ias tasas específicas para los grupos de edad y Ias tasas estandarizadas a la población mundial. Resultados: Una marcada masculinidad fue encontrada en ambas categorias diagnosticas tanto en la incidência como en la mortalidad. La incidência tanto en la Enfermedad de Hodgkin como en los Linfomas no Hodgkinianos ha tenido un comportamiento ascendente en el tiempo. Um aumento de la tendencia, tanto de la incidência como de la mortalidad, se observa para el grupo de edad de 65 anos y más, mientras que la disminución de la mortalidad está clara para el grupo de 0 - 14 anos.
Medicina - raio-x – radioatividade Homenagem aos que fizeram história
Authors: Costa Maria Adelina , Gonçalves Julieta , Vieira Élio
Published: October 2022

Muito havería que dizer acerca da História da Medicina e da descoberta dos Rx e da Radioatividade, o que não é âmbito desta nossa breve revisão histórica. Pretendemos apenas prestar uma pequena homenagem a todos aqueles que, pelo seu esforço e dedicação, contribuíram para que nós hoje possamos exercer a Especialidade Médica que escolhemos. Todos os nomes que citamos fizeram história, bem como tantos outros que ficaram por citar.
Repensando na prevenção do câncer cérvico-uterino
Authors: Lopes Regina Lúcia Mendonça
Published: October 2022

O estudo tem como objetivo o sentido do comportamento do ser-mulher na realização do exame ginecológico para a prevenção do câncer cérvico-uterino. O interesse pelo tema originou-se da detecção do grande vazio entre os programas institucionais e a adesão feminina, o que foi por nós observado quando de nossa experiência como enfermeira de um ambulatório de ginecologia. Utiliza-se a fenomenologia como abordagem metodológica, seguindo-se a linha do pensamento filosófico de Martin Heidegger. A partir do significado atribuído ao exame pelas depoentes, pudemos apreender que a prevenção envolve a compreensão daquilo que pode vir a surgir como problema ginecológico e não apenas o câncer cérvico-uterino como doença grave e fatal. Assim, privilegiando a dimensão que valoriza o humano em nossas ações como enfermeiros, pudemos considerar que a compreensão do enfoque preventivo não tem sido trabalhada entre os profissionais e a clientela.
Tumor germinativo extra-gonadal e síndrome de Klinefelter - Relato de caso
Authors: Zukin Mauro , Alonso João Francisco S. , Costa Mário Alberto Dantas L. da , Silva Maria Luisa M.
Published: October 2022

Muitos relatos vêm sugerindo a associação entre a síndrome de Klinefelter e o tumor germinativo. Um risco elevado de tumor germinativo extragonadal (mediastinal) ocorre a partir da adolescência até 30 anos. O autor apresenta ocaso de um jovem de 19 anos de idade com sintomas respiratórios, massa torácica e características clínicas de síndrome de Klinefelter. O cariótipo do sangue periférico foi de 47 XXY e o estudo da lesão torácica foi de teratoma imaturo O paciente foi tratado com quimioterapia combinada seguida de toracotomia, estando em remissão completa há seis anos após o diagnóstico. Este estudo discute as características clínicas e laboratoriais dos pacientes com tumor germinativo 235 extragonadal associado a síndrome de Klinefelter, e sua participação na gênese dos tumores de células germinativas.
Câncer e velhice no Brasil
Authors: Moraes Marcos F.
Published: October 2022

O editorial faz um panorama sobre câncer e velhice no Brasil.
Dor no doente com câncer: características e controle
Authors: Pimenta Cibele Andrucioli de Mattos , Koizumi Maria Sumie , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen
Published: October 2022

Este estudo objetivou compor o perfil da dor e do seu controle, além de verificar a influência de fatores terapêuticos na expressão do sintoma álgico em 57 doentes com doença neoplásica avançada, seqüencialmente atendidos no ambulatório de oncologia de um hospital geral. A dor foi moderada na maioria dos doentes e intensa em cerca de 1/5 dos casos, com duração média de 10 meses. Em 40,9 % das escolhas, observou-se preferência por 12 descritores do questionário de dor McGill. Descritores afetivos foram, significantemente, os mais escolhidos (p < 0,05). O alívio obtido foi insatisfatório, na maioria dos casos. O índice de controle da dor foi negativo em 49,1% dos doentes, isto é, em cerca de metade dos casos foram empregados analgésicos com potência inferior à exigida pela intensidade da dor. Não se observou correlação entre a intensidade da dor e a compatibilidade ou não dos esquemas analgésicos propostos ao padrão da OMS Constatou se que os doentes que fizeram uso dos analgésicos de modo regular, experienciaram dor de menor intensidade do que aqueles que só os utilizaram quando a dor se acentuava (p <0,05). Observou-se que a irregularidade na utilização dos fármacos associou-se a dores mais intensas.
Tratamento paliativo da obstrução maligna do hilo hepático pela operação de Soupault-Couinaud
Authors: Rangel Marcelo Fernandes , Pinto Francisco de Sales M. , Silva Marcus Valério Maia da , Trajano Luanda Karla Dantas , Lucena Vinícius Souza de
Published: October 2022

A grande dificuldade, na literatura, para a avaliação dos diferentes métodos utilizados no tratamento paliativo dos tumores irressecáveis do hilo hepático, foi a inexistência de um parâmetro que tornasse uniforme a linguagem dos seus resultados. Este estudo tem por finalidade analisar os resultados da anastomose colangioentérica intraparenquimatosa (ACEI) no dueto do seguimento III, realizada em 17 pacientes consecutivos, portadores de obstrução maligna do hilo hepático. Para tanto, foi avaliado, dentre outras variáveis, um índice de qualidade de vida, denominado índice de Conforto, que permite a comparação numérica dos resultados. Houve regressão importante da icterícia em 88,2% dos casos, e redução estatisticamente significativa dos niveis sericos das bilirrubinas no pos operatorio (p <0 05). A mortalidade hospitalar foi de 11 8% e o índice de Conforto foi equivalente a 81 9% Estcs resulta 45 dos permitem as seguintes conclusões: 1) A técnica proposta representa um método eficiente para resolução da colestase causada por tumores irressecáveis do hilo hepático; 2) O índice de Conforto de 81.9% credencia o método como adequado para o tratamento paliativo desta afecção.
Programa Viva Mulher
Authors: Moraes Marcos F.
Published: October 2022

Embora o Brasil tenha sido um dos primeiros países no mundo a introduzir a citologia de Papanicolaou para a detecção do câncer do colo uterino, esta doença continua a ser entre nós um problema de saúde pública. Baseado nesse quadro histórico e epidemiológico e incentivado pela Conferência Mundial das Mulheres, ocorrida na China, em 1995, o Governo Brasileiro, por meio do INCA/ MS, decidiu desenvolver um Programa Nacional de Rastreamento do Câncer do Colo Uterino, chamado de Programa Viva Mulher.
Paraganglioma de bexiga - Relato de um caso e revisão da literatura
Authors: Naime Fauzia de Fátima , Begliomini Hélio , Araújo Maria Cecilia , Santos Maria Custódia dos , Moraes Regina Stela Pozzi , Duarte Jorge , Mattos Júnior Demerval
Published: October 2022

Um caso raro de paraganglioma da bexiga urinária funcionante, metastático para osso, é apresentado juntamente com unia revisão da literatura médica. Paragangliomas são tumores que surgem das células paragangliônicas dispersas ao longo dos gânglios autônomos e que produzem sintomas por secreção de catecolaminas (tumores funcionantes) ou por expansão tumoral local. Eles podem originar metástase para ossos, pulmões, linfonodos e cérebro, e, ocasionalmente causar compressão da medula espinhal. Paragangliomas vesicais representam cerca de 0,06% de todos os tumores da bexiga, afetando mais comumente a região do trígono ou próximo ao orifício ureteral, seguida por localização na cúpula ou na parede lateral do órgão. A clássica síndrome miccional, que consiste de cefaléia, palpitação, hipertensão paroxística e hematúria é discutida, assim como são sumarizadas as características clínicas e radiológicas desses tumores. Discutem-se ainda os princípios gerais do diagnóstico e do tratamento, considerando-se todos os métodos terapêuticos disponíveis, que compreendem a cirurgia, a radioterapia, a quimioterapia e mais recentemente a meta-iodo-henzilguanidina.
Carcinoma epidermóide da uretra feminina associado ao vírus do papiloma humano: relato de um caso
Authors: Rhoden Ernani Luís , Souto José Carlos , Macedo Luís Antônio , Hartmann Antônio , Telöken Cláudio , Souto Carlos Ari Vargas
Published: October 2022

O carcinoma da uretra feminina é uma doença rara. Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente de cor preta, com 32 anos de idade, que procurou o serviço com quadro de retenção urinária em nível vesical. A investigação pré-operatória demonstrou tratar-se de um carcinoma epidermóide de uretra a causa da obstrução. O tratamento consistiu da cisto-uretrectomia combinada com linfadenectomia pélvica, histerectomia , salpingo-ooforectomia e ressecção da parede vaginal anterior. A reestruturação do trato urinário foi realizada com a confecção de um reservatório urinário pela técnica de Indiana Pouch. Ao estudo imuno-histoquimico da peça operatória, demonstrou-se reação positiva para o antígeno do vírus do papiloma humano (HPV, sigla em Inglês). Atualmente, após 12 meses de seguimento, a paciente não apresenta sinais de recidiva da neoplasia e desfruta de boa qualidade de vida.
Leiomiossarcoma primário do pulmão - Relato de Caso
Authors: Alves Lurdes , Costa Maria Adelina , Trigo Lurdes , Pinto Maria Gabriela , Vieira Élio
Published: October 2022

O leiomiossarcoma primário do pulmão é considerado uma entidade extremamente rara. Os achados radiológicos bem como a sua apresentação clínica não são patognomônicos. Ao contrário do carcinoma brônquico mantém-se confinado ao pulmão por muito mais tempo. A metastização ocorre tardiamente e em menos de 1/3 dos casos. O tratamento de eleição é a cirurgia. Os autores apresentam um caso de uma doente de 50 anos de idade com o diagnóstico de leiomiossarcoma do pulmão de alto grau de malignidade, seu prognóstico, tratamento e evolução.
Estimativa da incidência e mortalidade por câncer no Brasil em 1998
Authors: Moraes Marcos F.
Published: October 2022

O editorial apresenta os dados da estimativa da incidência e mortalidade por câncer no Brasil em 1998, elaborado pelo Instituto Nacional de Câncer - INCA.
Análise da porcentagem da DNA ploidia e de células em fase S, determinada por citometria de fluxo e por outras variáveis prognosticas em carcinomas primários de mama
Authors: Barbosa Edison Mantovani
Published: October 2022

Analisaram-se a DNA ploidia e a porcentagem de células em fase S, determinadas por citometria de fluxo, em biópsias de 69 carcinomas mamários. Outras variáveis prognosticas foram estudadas: 1. clínicas (raça, idade, estado menstruai, estadiamento, tamanho do tumor e a avaliação dos linfonodos axilares); 2. histológicas (comprometimento metastático dos linfonodos axilares, embolização de células neoplásicas em vasos linfáticos e sanguíneos, grau de diferenciação histológica, número de mitoses e necrose tumoral); 3. Bioquímicas (receptores de estradiol e progesterona). Cotejaram-se estas variáveis com o estudo da DNA ploidia e porcentagem de fase S. Notou-se haver uma associação significativa entre a DNA diploidia em pacientes com idade acima de 50 anos, tumores de tamanho ou igual a 2,0 cm, receptores de estradiol e receptores de progesterona. Observou-se também uma associação significativa entre a porcentagem de fase S >7,15 e pacientes na pré-menopausa, receptores de estradiol negativo e comprometimento metastático linfonodal. Constatou-se que as pacientes com tumores classificados como DNA aneuplóides, com fase S maior que 7,15, apresentaram metástases mais freqüentes e sobrevida menor que aquelas com tumores DNA diplóides e fase S menor que 7,15. Sob o ponto de vista do prognóstico pode-se constatar a importância do estudo do DNA, particularmente para o grupo pNO. Verificou-se a viabilidade de esta técnica ser realizada em nossa rotina para o estudo prognóstico do câncer de mama.
Complicações pós-operatórias nas laringectomias totais: um estudo retrospectivo
Authors: Sawada Namie Okino , Zago Márcia Maria Fontão , Galvão Cristina Maria , Ferreira Elaine , Barichello Elizabeth
Published: October 2022

Trata-se de um trabalho retrospectivo para o qual foram consultados 21 prontuários de pacientes que submeteram-se à cirurgia de laringectomia total no HCFM-RP em 1996. Para a análise das complicações, dividimo-las em imediatas, mediatas e tardias. Dos 21 prontuários levantados, apenas 3 pacientes não apresentaram complicações pós-operatórias. As complicações imediatas ocorreram em cinco pacientes e as mais freqüentes foram edema (40%) e hematoma (40%); as mediatas foram detectadas em 14 pacientes, sendo do tipo deiscência de sutura e fístula (28,4%) e infecção da ferida operatória e deiscência de sutura (14,2%); com relação as complicações tardias, foram constatadas em onze pacientes e a mais frequente foi a disfagia (54,5%). Esse trabalho proporcionou-nos uma visão das complicações pós-operatórias mais freqüentes nas laringectomias totais, e este conhecimento subsidiará nossa atuação junto aos pacientes que se submeteram a essa cirurgia no que diz respeito aos cuidados perioperatórios e a sua reabilitação.
Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia - 1947/1997
Authors: Atalécio Luís Eduardo , Fernandes Pedro Luiz
Published: October 2022

Editorial de comemoração aos 50 anos de existência da Revista. O texto enfatiza a importância do trabalho editorial realizado para os estudos de oncologia no Brasil.