bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
التناص القرآني في رسائل رشيد الدين الوطواط ت 573ه
Authors: Hussein Lateef ali
Published: October 2022

تكمن أهمية هذا البحث في محاولته دراسة ظاهرة التناص القرآني في رسائل رشيد الدين الوطواط ت 573ه, وإظهار الملامح الجمالية والأسلوبية من خلال ما يتركه الأثر القرآني فيها من جمال التعبير, وقوة الأسلوب, وبيان طريقة الكاتب في التعامل مع النص المقدس, وتوظيف ما يمتلكه ذلك النص من طاقة تعبيرية ودلالية, ودقة لفظية وتركيبية لدعم مقاصد الكاتب لتحقيق أغراض تلك الرسائل, وتأتي قيمة الدراسة من محاولة الباحث دراسة نص نثري قديم بواسطة مفهوم حديث وهو مصطلح (التناص), ومن خلال دراسة تطبيقية لعدد من نصوص الرسائل التي انفتحت على نصوص الكتاب العزيز, نتيجة لقوة المرجعية الدينية للكاتب وتشبعه بالنفس القرآني, واكتناز أرشيفه الثقافي بما احتواه القرآن الكريم من ألفاظ, وتراكيب وصور ومعاني, سخرها الكاتب لتعزيز فنّه الكتابي, وبثّها في رسائله متوجها بها إلى متلقيه محاولا التأثير فيهم بما يمتلكه النظم القرآني من فصاحة اللغة روعة البيان وجودة الأداء وسحر البلاغة كونه نصاّ مهيمناً يمتلك اعلى درجات القدسية في نفوس المسلمين لأنه منزّل من ربّ العالمين ما أسبغ على تلك الرسائل ملمحاً من القداسة, ودرجة عالية من الإقناع .
سيمياء الرمز في شعر محمد أحمد منصور بين البناء الفني والتكثيف الدلالي
Authors: Qaid Majed , Kanouni Mohamed
Published: October 2022

درس هذا البحث توظيف الرمز في تجربة الشاعر محمد أحمد منصور، باعتباره تقنية سيميائية يساهم في إغناء النصوص، وتخصيب معانيها، وتعميق دوالها، وتشكيل صورها الشعرية، وحاول تبيّن دور الرمز في بناء النصوص الشعرية، وإثراء دلالاتها، وإبراز جمالياتها، فتتبع أنواع الرموز التي وظفها الشاعر، كالرمز الديني، والرمز الصوفي، والرمز التاريخي، والرمز الأدبي، والرمز الطبيعي، والرمز الأسطوري، وتوصل البحث إلى أن الشاعر تمكن من شحن لغته الشعرية بمجموعة من الرموز، ووظف أبعادها الإيحائية في التعبير عن تجربته الشعرية والشعورية، وتشكيل نصوصه، وتعميق دلالاتها، وإثارة المتلقي، وتحريك فعاليات القراءة.
لقب التاواناننا في المملكة الحثية ( 1670- 1207 ق.م) الأمتيازات والوظائف
Authors: Shather Azhar Mohsin
Published: October 2022

تبين لنا من خلال بحثنا (لقب التاواناننا في المملكة الحثية ( 1670- 1207 ق.م) الامتيازات والوظائف) أن هذا اللقب من الألقاب الهامة والمؤثرة التي منحت للملكة في المملكة الحثية ، ويترجم الى السيدة الأولى فقد كان هذا اللقب موجود في الفترات المبكرة للكاهنات ونشأ من التقاليد الحثية المبكرة حوله ، لكن فيما بعد أصبح للقب أهميته الواضحة في جميع النواحي الدينية والسياسية والاقتصادية والقانونية ، وأصبح يوازي لقب لابارنا الذي كان يطلق على الملك الحثي إذ أصبحت الملكة التاواناننا مساوية للملك لابارنا في جميع النواحي دوماً كانت تذكر مع الملك في النصوص الدينية والسياسية والاقتصادية وهذا دليل على المكانة المرموقة والمنزلة الرفيعة التي حظيت بها الملكة الحثية فضلاً عن مكانتها ومنزلتها هذه فقد أضاف لها هذا اللقب العديد من الامتيازات والتي كان في مقدمتها الاحتفاظ باللقب مدى الحياة حتى في حال وفاة زوجها الملك الذي شاركت معه هذا الدور لأول مرة .
الأمير ظهير الدين الكاكوي ودوره السياسي في ضوء دنانيره المضروبة في أصفهان ( 433-443هـ / 1007-1051م )
Authors: Al-Taie Hatem Fahd Hano
Published: October 2022

يعد إقليم الجبال من أهم أقاليم المشرق الإسلامي إذ تميز بموقع استراتيجي مهم سكنه الكثير من امراء الدويلات الإسلامية ومنهم امراء آل كاكويه ، ومن مدنه الرئيسة أصفهان موضوع البحث هذا فضلاً عن مدن كثيرة أخرى في هذا الإقليم، وحظيت المسكوكات باهتمام كبير من الحكام والسلاطين لأنها من أهم شارات الملك والسلطان التي حرص كل حاكم على اتخاذها عند توليه السلطة، ولكونها وسيلة إعلامية مهمة لما تمتع به من سعة بالانتشار، وسرعة التداول ، وهي تتصل باقتصاديات الدولة وسياساتها وسائر أوضاعها التجارية والمالية ، كما تُعد وثائق تكشف عن علاقات الدويلات والإمارات والاسر المتعاقبة ، وتتجلى فيها الظواهر السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والدينية من خلال ما نقش عليها من كتابات ورموز ورسوم والخطوط التي نقشت بها ، فضلا عن اوزانها واقطارها التي جاءت بها .     تناول هذا البحث دراسة دنانير الامير ظهير الدين أبي منصور فرامرز بن محمد بن دشمنزار بن كاكويه في أصفهان (398-443هـ / 1007-1051م) وذلك لأن تلك المدينة كانت مركز حكمهم ولدورها الرئيس في سك المسكوكات، فقد تمت دراستها من حيث ما نقىش على وجه وظهر تلك المسكوكات من كتابات وعبارات وتحليلها وربط ما كتب عليها من كتابات بالأحداث التاريخية لسنوات سكها .       قسم البحث إلى محورين وخاتمة تضمن المحور الاول اصل بنو كاكويه ، آما المحور الثاني فقد تناول دنانير الامير ظهير الدين أبو منصور فرامرز بن علاء التي سكت في دار سك أصفهان ، كما جاءت الخاتمة لتبين أبرز ما توصل إليه البحث من نتائج.
التكيف الاجتماعي للأسر العائدة من النزوح دراسة أنثروبولوجية ميدانية في مدينة تكريت
Authors: Muhammad Saleh Shabib
Published: October 2022

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى تحديد درجة التكيف الاجتماعي للمهجرين العائدين إلى مجتمعاتهم الأصلية، وتحديد درجة التكيف النفسي والاجتماعي والاقتصادي للمهجرين في منطقة هجرتهم، وفهم الصعوبات التي يوجهها العائدون من الشتات في استيعاب مجتمعاتهم الأصلية. ومقارنة آراء المهجرين وأسرهم حول وضعهم الحالي مع وضعهم بين المغتربين، وكشف حقيقة التفاعل الاجتماعي بين العائلات النازحة على اليسار واليمين. وتحديد الأشكال الأساسية للتفاعل الاجتماعي. وكانت عينة الدراسة 500 تم اختيارهم بشكل عشوائي من محافظة صلاح الدين بمدينة تكريت وتوصل الباحث الي النتائج التالية:  1-أن العديد من العائدين من النزوح ليس لديهم الشعور بالرضا عن عودتهم بسبب الظروف التي يمر بها البلد من تراجع الوضع الأمني وسوء الخدمات .... الخ، 2-  النزوح له العديد من  الاثار السلبية على الوضع النفسي للإنسان المهاجر قد بدا واضحاً ، 3- إن الآثار السلبية التي خلفتها النزوح على العائدين أكثر من الآثار الايجابية هذا ما ولد أعراض نفسيه حيث كان لها تأثير على تكيفهم في تلك البلدان المهاجرة أليها وكذلك القلق على الأهل لان السلطة في تلك الفترة كانت تستخدم أقسى وسائل التعذيب والقسوة ضد ذوي المهجرين ، 4- سوء المستوى المعاشي للأسر العائدين من المهجر مقارنة مع وضعهم في المهجر مما يؤثر على تكيفهم في المجتمع حيث أن انتشار البطالة وسوء الخدمات وعدم وجود تشريعات قانونية جيدة تنصف العاندين جعلهم يعيشون مستوى معاشي رديء مقارنة بوضعهم المعاشي في المهجر.
آفاق المناهج الحديثة وأطروحاتها في ضوء نظرية نقدية أدبية عربية
Authors: Darawsheh Hussein Omar
Published: October 2022

يهدف البحث إلى دراسة آفاق المناهج الحديثة وأطروحاتها في ضوء نظرية نقدية أدبية عربية، وذلك بتسليط الضوء على المناهج الحديثة عند النّقاد العرب، والحديث عن  آفاق المناهج الحديثة وأطروحاتها عند النّقاد العرب، وبيان سبل تطوير المناهج النقدية الحديثة في ضوء نظرية نقدية أدبية عربية، وتوضيح ما سبق بالمنهج الوصفي القائم على الدراسة والتحليل والبناء، ومن ثم خاتمة البحث وفيها النتائج والتوصيات، ومن أهمها: ضبط الإجراءات المنهجية التطبيقية في عملية النقد، وذلك من خلال القراءة الفاهمة للنص، وتحليله ومعالجته، وإعادة فهمه وخلقه من جديد، ثم تذوقه والوقوف على أسرار جمالياته، ثم إطلاق الحكم النقدي على قيمته الفنية والموضوعية، وضرورة توطيد دعائم علمنة الجهود النقدية والأدبية ومنهجتها في التعامل مع فنون الإبداع وأجناس الأدب وما يتعلق بها نتاجات ومعالجات وتحليلات تخصصية وغير تخصصية.
Translating English Conditional Sentences without 'if' into Arabic
Authors: Jasim Anwar Abdulwahab
Published: October 2022

Translation of conditional sentences without ' if ' is regarded a thorny area, since it requires the translator's realization of the syntactic system that determines the well-formed sentence structures. The meaning through grammar is a basic significance in this study, which sheds light on the words ordering links (i.e., syntax) in a certain context. Thus, English conditionals without 'if' form, tense and meaning are difficult areas in the translation process into Arabic. On the syntactic level, the structural disparity between English and Arabic constitutes a stumbling block, in that English conditionals are without subordinator ' if ' and determined by the verb tense. Unlike Arabic, only the particles determine the conditional type and its meaning. So, this mismatch between the two languages involved is one of the main factors that brings out inappropriate translation. This study aims to analyze conditional sentences without ' if ' syntactically and semantically to show the translation method of their types and to specify some problems that may arise in translating such constructions. To achieve the above-mentioned aims, the study hypothesizes that unless the syntactic and semantic features of those sentences are fully realized, a proper translation cannot be attained. The study shows that the structures of conditionals without ' if ' are not well understood and their meaning are not expressed appropriately into Arabic.
Recobrimento radicular através da técnica de Langer & Langer: um relato de caso
Authors: Lins Victoria Karolina de Azevedo Farias , Portela Dayse Gabrielly Magalhães Barros , Lessa Samara Verçosa
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Relatar o caso clínico de um paciente submetido a um tratamento cirúrgico para o recobrimento radicular classe I de Miller pela técnica de Langer & Langer. Detalhamento do caso: Paciente do gênero masculino, 33 anos, apresentando recessão gengival classe I de Miller, foi submetido a um tratamento cirúrgico para o recobrimento radicular pela técnica de Langer & Langer. Neste relato de caso foi realizada uma cirurgia plástica periodontal no elemento 14 com exame clínico e radiográfico. O diagnóstico correto da alteração gengival confere ao profissional a indicação do tratamento por meio de cirurgia plástica periodontal sendo indicado devido a vários fatores como: aspecto anti estético, abrasões cervicais, hipersensibilidade dentinária, evitar lesão cariosa radicular superficial, assim como a evolução e consequências da recessão gengival. Considerações finais: Por meio do estudo clínico, pode-se observar com os resultados obtidos que a técnica de Langer & Langer foram eficientes no tratamento completo da recessão gengival de classe I, além disto, foi conferida melhor estética e condições necessárias para a manutenção da saúde bucal.
Clinical condition patterns of fully vaccinated brazilian patients of working age hospitalized due to severe Covid-19 according to ICU admission status
Authors: Oliveira Thaís Barbosa de , Santos Wendy Rayanne Fernandes dos , Rodrigues Lorrany Santos , Hirata Maurício Yukio , Mazucheli Josmar
Published: October 2022

Objective: Discover patterns of clinical condition using data from patients of working age who were fully vaccinated against Covid-19, hospitalized due to the severe form of the disease, according to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission status in Brazil. Methods: This is a descriptive study with data extracted from the OpenDataSUS database using Association Rules Mining (ARM). Results: Information related to 3,470 individuals was described, of which 53% (n= 1,842) were male, 63% (n= 2,187) with comorbidities, 33% (n= 1,137) were admitted to the ICU and 23% (n= 796) died. ICU admission was associated with the use of invasive ventilatory support, male gender, presence of comorbidity, and death. For patients with no ICU admission, survival, absence of comorbidity, female gender, use of non-invasive ventilatory support and mild to moderate symptoms of the disease were found. Conclusion: These findings reinforce the need to administer booster doses of the Covid-19 vaccines, but also to strengthen policies to combat chronic noncommunicable diseases in Brazil.
Manifestações associadas à infecção pela COVID-19 em mulheres gestantes: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Morais Manuele Trindade , Santos Moana Augusta Costa , Lopes Ana Julia Andrade , Carvalho Vinicius Batista de , Queiroz Karla Valeria Lima Santos de , Santiago Liliane Nunes Teles Baeta Zebral , Alfaia Amanda Osman , Vitória Rebeca da Luz , Machado Rubens Teixeira , Teles Mauro Fernandes
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar, por meio de uma revisão, as consequências da infecção pela COVID-19 em mulheres gestantes. Revisão bibliográfica: A infeção pelo coronavírus 19 (COVID-19) é uma patologia emergente que foi identificada pela primeira vez em dezembro de 2019, na China. A COVID-19 tem elevado potencial de morbidade, mortalidade e transmissão, atingindo pessoas de diversas idades e condições clínicas, incluindo as gestantes. As manifestações clínicas podem variar desde casos assintomáticos a casos mais graves, podendo chegar até à falência de órgãos e sepse. A maioria das gestantes apresenta apenas sintomas do tipo gripais ou febre, sendo este sintoma predominante, mas que nem sempre manifesta-se antes do nascimento do bebê. Geralmente o curso da doença é sem complicações, e a paciente tem alta hospitalar depois de alguns dias após a concepção. Entretanto, complicações sistêmicas e a necessidade de maior permanência no hospital foram associadas à gravidez. Considerações finais: As resultantes são muito variáveis, e vão desde sintomas simples como febre, dor de cabeça e tosse, até outros maiores e mais graves como pneumonia grave, a SDRA e até a morte.
Fertilidade e qualidade de vida em pacientes com câncer ginecológico em tratamento
Authors: Bernedo Silvia Del Rosário Isla , Figueiredo Higino Felipe
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Medir a qualidade de vida relacionada à fertilidade através do instrumento Fertility Quality of Life (FertiQol) e identificar as características sociodemográficas das mulheres com diagnóstico de câncer ginecológico que realizam acompanhamento em um centro oncológico do Amazonas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal, uma vez que não se procura impor nenhum tratamento. Se buscou apenas aplicar      o questionário sociodemográfico e o instrumento FertiQol em pacientes do sexo feminino entre 18 e 40 anos de idade, com diagnóstico de câncer ginecológico, em qualquer estádio. Resultados: A pesquisa visou contribuir com informações qualificadas sobre oncofertilidade no Estado do Amazonas. Dentre os principais resultados, destacam-se: a identificação das características sociodemográficas das participantes, bem como quadro de correlação entre qualidade de vida obtida com o FertiQol das pacientes com diagnóstico de câncer ginecológico que realizam acompanhamento em um centro oncológico do Amazonas. Conclusão: De acordo com os dados obtidos, 93% da população estudada tem ao menos um filho, trata-se de uma população de baixo nível socioeconômico e apresentam baixo impacto emocional, social e familiar frente a um provável diagnóstico de infertilidade decorrente do tratamento oncológico, em consequência este grupo não se preocupa pela preservação da fertilidade.
Study of performance characteristics of ANVIS MK-III night-vision goggle and comparison with other NVGs for aviation usage
Authors: Raghunandan V. , Sekhar M. Binu , Tripathy N. K. , Joshi Vijay Vishnu
Published: October 2022

Objectives:

Night Vision Goggles (NVGs) are widely used in military aviation. Performance of an NVG in terms of high resolution and target acquisition is considered a critical requirement. Gen III NVGs have been considered superior to Gen II and Gen II++ NVGs. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the performance characteristics of ANVIS MK-III NVG and compare them to those of other available NVGs.

Material and Methods:

ANVIS MK-III Gen III NVG was studied for its performance in terms of visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity, and field of view (FOV). Six subjects familiar with use of NVG participated in the study. VA was measured using USAF 1951 Tri-bar chart, while contrast sensitivity was measured using PelliRobson chart under full-moon (FM), half-moon (HF), quarter-moon (QM), and starlight (SL) conditions. The FOV was measured using Cross Bar chart. Comparisons were made with the data of other NVGs available with the Institute.

Results:

The mean VA of ANVIS MK-III NVG was found to be 20/29, 20/31, 20/34, and 20/39 under of FM, HF, QM, and SL illumination conditions, respectively. The mean contrast sensitivity was 0.9, 0.75, 0.6, and 0.53 log CS units, respectively, with mean FOV of 39.5°. The results were compared with performance characteristics of NL 93, GEO1, and F4949 NVGs.

Conclusion:

The ANVIS MK-III NVG was found to have higher VA function as compared to other NVGs and better contrast sensitivity function as compared to NL-93 and GEO1 NVG. All the NVGs had comparable FOV. The ANVIS Mk-III NVG in the current configuration with Helmet Display and Tracking System was found to be heavier and needs further ergonomic evaluation.
Case report: Radiofrequency thalamotomy as palliative care for Holmes tremor in a patient with terminal cancer and cardiac pacemaker
Authors: Oda Kazunori , Morishita Takashi , Tanaka Hideaki , Kobayashi Hiromasa , Abe Hiroshi
Published: October 2022

Background:

Herein, we present a case report of a patient with Holmes tremor due to thalamic infarction with end-stage pancreatic cancer who underwent successful computed tomography (CT)-guided ventralis intermedius nucleus (Vim) thalamotomy as palliative care.

Case Description:

A 78-year-old man with gradually worsening involuntary movements on the left side of his body 2 years after a right thalamic infarction was referred to our institute. He had a history of chronic atrial fibrillation for which he was implanted with a cardiac pacemaker not compatible with magnetic resonance imaging. He also received adjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer. As the involuntary movements interfered with his daily life, the patient elected for neurosurgical treatment despite having terminal cancer. Although the prognosis for pancreatic cancer was considered to be more than 6 months at the time of surgery, we performed CT-guided Vim thalamotomy under local anesthesia without pulse generator implantation considering the patient’s general condition. The involuntary movements of the left side of the body reduced following surgery, thus improving his quality of life (QOL). However, 6 months after thalamotomy, the patient died of pancreatic cancer.

Conclusion:

Thalamotomy significantly reduced the involuntary movements immediately after the procedure. Therefore, thalamotomy can be performed under local anesthesia without the use of any device and may contribute to the improvement of QOL in terminal patients.
SNI/SNI Digital-Baghdad neurosurgery educational series
Authors: Ismail Mustafa , Al-Ageely Teeba A. , Abdualmurtafie Zainab I. , Daily Sadik K. , Ayad Fatimah , Al Khafaji Aktham O. , Hoz Samer S. , Al-Khalili Abdul- Hadi , Lazareff Jorge A. , Arora Tarun , Ausman James I.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Access to high-quality neurosurgery online learning is limited in low- and middle-income countries, and Iraq is part of this category. The need for collaboration and connection of people worldwide to exchange ideas and experiences in neurosurgery is a challenge. Surgical Neurology International® (SNI)/SNI Digital stimulated the establishment of the joint effort to bring the discussion about the best experiences in neurosurgery from the United States and Iraq together in an internet meeting format.

Methods:

An online survey was formulated and distributed to the attendees of the SNI-Baghdad neurosurgery meetings. The survey investigates the last 14 consecutive meetings for the period May/2021–April/2022. The online survey was designed utilizing Google Forms. The survey outline includes demographics, general aspects of the meetings, research aspects, surgical anatomy, neuroradiology, and capacity-building aspects. All these sections of the survey used a 5-point Likert scale.

Results:

The total number of participants was 84 out of 115 sent, with a response rate of 73.1%. The participants were diverse as they ranged from medical students to attending neurosurgeons. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Most attendees were from Baghdad (n = 66 [77.6%]) and the highest number of the responders was from the University of Baghdad (n = 46 [54.1%]).

Conclusion:

The targeted online collaborative meetings, SNI-Baghdad neurosurgery meeting as an example, give an insight into the effectiveness of such methods in providing a mutually beneficial educational experience between people of different parts of the world, as assessed by a survey initiated and performed by the attendees.
Revisiting Parkinson: After six decades, his triangle remains useful
Authors: Alves Raphael Vicente , Sousa Leonardo Corrêa , Rodrigues Juliana Passinho Azevedo , Laube Kaito Alves Carvalho
Published: October 2022

Background:

The welcome advent and subsequent development of interventional neuroradiology led to an important paradigm shift in the management of many cerebrovascular diseases. This paradigm shift is especially true for carotid cavernous fistula and, for some time now, endovascular techniques are the mainstay approach for these lesions. The neurosurgical intervention should be adopted when the endovascular treatment is not practicable.

Case Description:

We present the surgical solution adopted to treat a patient with an indirect carotid cavernous fistula (CCF), with quickly progressive symptoms, in which it was not possible to treat using the currently standardized endovascular technique. A pretemporal craniotomy with peeling of the dura mater at the middle fossa and exposure of Parkinson’s triangle on the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus was performed. Fibrin glue was injected by puncture of the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus for direct thrombosis of this sinus and the superior ophthalmic vein.

Conclusion:

In the now far 60s, Parkinson already treated patients with CCF effectively and elegantly through the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus. Revisiting techniques from the past, associating them with the supplies widely available today, can sometimes be the solution to some especially challenging cases that we face in our profession.
Resolution of atlanto-occipital cyst with conservative management: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: De Biase Gaetano , Rivas Gabriella A. , Domingo Ricardo A. , Hurdle Mark , Chen Selby , Fox W. Christopher
Published: October 2022

Background:

Spinal synovial cysts are cystic dilatations of synovial sheaths that extrude into the spinal canal. Despite their generally benign behavior, they can cause severe symptoms due to compression of neural structures. They are most commonly found in the lumbar spine and are rare in the cervical region, especially at the atlanto-occipital junction.

Case Description:

A 65-year-old presented with neck pain and headaches. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a degenerative cyst within the anterior foramen magnum causing anterior spinal cord and brainstem compression. Multiple surgical treatment options were discussed, and he was prescribed methylprednisolone and immobilization of his cervical spine with a rigid collar. One month later, the patient reported dramatic improvement of his symptoms, and no surgery was performed. One year later, his pain had remained much improved with the continued use of the collar and pain management (i.e., using anti-inflammatories and muscle relaxants). The 1-year follow-up MRI showed the atlanto-occipital cyst compressing the cervicomedullary junction had completely resolved along with the brainstem compression.

Conclusion:

A 65-year-old presented with myelopathy attributed to a large anterior foramen magnum atlanto-occipital cyst compressing the cord. Conservative management for 1 month with a rigid cervical collar and steroids resulted in marked neurological improvement; at 1 year follow-up, the patient was markedly improved with an MR that demonstrated spontaneous cyst regression.
Changes in vascular supply pattern associated with growth of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas
Authors: Ito Miiko , Mitobe Yuta , Hiraka Toshitada , Kanoto Masafumi , Sonoda Yukihiko
Published: October 2022

Background:

The vascular supply to nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) differs compared with that of the anterior lobe of the normal pituitary gland. In this study, we aimed to identify feeding arteries and flow dynamics using 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in NFPAs.

Methods:

We divided 77 cases of NFPA into three groups according to the time-intensity curve (TIC) pattern by dynamic MRI. We also investigated the presence of feeder arteries as a flow void signal on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI).

Results:

According to the TIC, 39 cases demonstrated an ascending pattern, 10 cases demonstrated a descending pattern, and 28 cases demonstrated a monophasic pattern. Tumor size in the ascending group was larger compared with the descending group (P = 0.0036). Flow void signals were identified in 51 of 77 cases (66.2%) on T2WI. Tumor size was larger in tumors with a flow void signal compared with those without (P < 0.0001). Flow void signals were more frequently observed in the group of ascending pattern compared with the group of monophasic and descending pattern (P = 0.032 and P = 0.003, respectively). Particularly on the caudal side, the difference between the ascending group and the monophasic and descending groups was remarkable (P = 0.0035 and P < 0.0001, respectively).

Conclusion:

We successfully evaluated the blood supply pattern by the TIC analysis and identified flow voids using 3.0 T MRI. Blood supply pattern was significantly associated with NFPA size. These results suggested that NFPA hemodynamics changes during tumor growth.
Technologization of rhetorical training of police officers
Authors: Арский А.А.
Published: October 2022

Наше общество не может существовать без языка, который является важнейшим средством общения и выражения мыслей. Язык – это национальное богатство, а значит на первый план выдвигаются вопросы культуры языка. Необходимо отметить, что культура языка – это проблема, которая присутствует в любом национальном сообществе и является предметом обсуждения и пристального внимания языковедов, вообще людей, не равнодушных к престижу своего языка. Ведь литературный язык у всех народов отличается от разговорного, народного и требует постоянного бережного ухода. Среди главных вопросов культуры речи является вопрос овладения правилами грамматики, правописания, произношения и ударения. Огромное значение имеет также изучение и правильное использование языковых средств выражения мысли в зависимости от цели и содержания высказывания. Распространенным видом общения людей в обществе является именно деловое общение. Без него трудно обойтись в сфере экономических, правовых, дипломатических, коммерческих, административных отношений. Умение успешно вести деловые переговоры, грамотно и правильно заключать деловые бумаги в это время стало неотъемлемой частью профессиональной культуры человека.

Our society cannot exist without language, which is the most important means of communication and expression of thoughts. Language is a national treasure, which means that the issues of language culture come to the fore. It should be noted that the culture of language is a problem that is present in any national community and is the subject of discussion and close attention of linguists, in general, people who are not indifferent to the prestige of their language. After all, the literary language of all peoples differs from the spoken, folk language and requires constant careful care. Among the main issues of speech culture is the question of mastering the rules of grammar, spelling, pronunciation and stress. It is also of great importance to study and correctly use linguistic means of expressing thoughts, depending on the purpose and content of the utterance. A common type of communication of people in society is precisely business communication. It is difficult to do without it in the sphere of economic, legal, diplomatic, commercial, administrative relations. The ability to successfully conduct business negotiations, competently and correctly conclude business papers at this time has become an integral part of a person's professional culture.
A model for the formation of moral and aesthetic components of ecological consciousness among students
Authors: Огородникова К.С.
Published: October 2022

Развитие общества каждого государства на основе требований экологической аксиомы современности, определяет сущность экологического сознания граждан. Экологические опасности, которые существуют в сегодняшних условиях, является результатом низкого уровня экологической культуры прошлого. Возникает необходимость формирования экологоцентрического сознания студентов строительного факультета, как будущих высококвалифицированных специалистов-строителей и учителей. Приобретенное екологосоциальное сознание, через освоения дисциплин экологического направления строителей, определит будущие профессиональные экологосоциальные характеристики человека, но и образ его жизни, уровень культуры, интеллектуальное развитие в соответствии со стратегией устойчивого развития общества. Вопросы исследования экологического мышления и культуры тесно связано с различными отраслями наук. Исследователям важно определить правильный подход к формированию сознания, как фактор в формировании целостного общества, и не только как уровень знаний, но и возможность ее применения в будущей профессиональной деятельности. Вопросы профессиональной подготовки будущей профессии-строителей, приведены в исследовательских наработках ученых. Авторы сосредотачивают внимание на роли формирования экологической компетентности у будущих специалистов.

The development of the society of each state on the basis of the requirements of the ecological axiom of modernity determines the essence of the ecological consciousness of citizens. The environmental hazards that exist in today's conditions are the result of the low level of ecological culture of the past. There is a need to form an ecocentric consciousness of students of the Faculty of Construction, as future highly qualified specialists-builders and teachers. The acquired ecological and social consciousness, through mastering the disciplines of the ecological direction of builders, will determine the future professional ecological and social characteristics of a person, but also his lifestyle, level of culture, intellectual development in accordance with the strategy of sustainable development of society. The issues of ecological thinking and culture research are closely related to various branches of science. It is important for researchers to determine the right approach to the formation of consciousness as a factor in the formation of an integral society, and not only as a level of knowledge, but also the possibility of its application in future professional activity. Questions of professional training of the future profession-builders, are given in the research work of scientists. The authors focus on the role of the formation of environmental competence in future specialists.
Organizational and pedagogical forms of coordination of positions in legal disputes in international dialogue
Authors: Афган А.С.
Published: October 2022

В деловой и научной литературе значимое внимание уделяется важности эмпатии, т.е. умению принять перспективу другого человека, поставив себя на его место, для развития межличностных отношений. Однако существует риск, что в переговорах способность побудить контрагента к принятию перспективы, т.е. проявлению эмпатии, является не менее значимым фактором успеха. Внешнее давление и агрессия вызывают психологическое сопротивление. Иногда такое сопротивление приобретает гротескные формы, заставляя людей совершать действия, прямо противоречащие их интересам, лишь бы только продемонстрировать свою независимость. Новизна исследования определяется тем, что переговоры в условиях работы предпринимателем зависят от способности к эмпатии. Авторы показывают, что обучение эмпатии и повышение ее уровня могут способствовать повышению качества и успешности переговоров, следствием чего будут заключенные контракты и соответственно повышение эффективности деятельности предпринимателя. В работе установлено, что эмпатия в профессиональной деятельности предпринимателя способствует формированию вторичных социально-экономических показателей среды и общества. Практическая значимость исследования определяется структурой формирования эмпатийной составляющей в практической деятельности предпринимательских структур в условиях преодоления кризисных явлений в экономике.

In business and scientific literature, significant attention is paid to the importance of empathy, i.e. the ability to accept the perspective of another person, putting yourself in his place, for the development of interpersonal relationships. However, there is a risk that in negotiations, the ability to encourage the counterparty to accept the prospect, i.e., the manifestation of empathy, is no less significant success factor. External pressure and aggression cause psychological resistance. Sometimes such resistance takes on grotesque forms, forcing people to take actions directly contrary to their interests, just to demonstrate their independence. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that negotiations in the conditions of work by an entrepreneur depend on the ability to empathy. The authors show that teaching empathy and raising its level can contribute to improving the quality and success of negotiations, which will result in concluded contracts and, accordingly, increase the efficiency of the entrepreneur. The paper found that empathy in the professional activity of an entrepreneur contributes to the formation of secondary socio-economic indicators of the environment and society. The practical significance of the study is determined by the structure of the formation of the empathic component in the practical activities of business structures in the conditions of overcoming crisis phenomena in the economy.
The effectiveness of the formation of information literacy of preschool children in research activities
Authors: Чжан Шу. , Герасимова А.Ю.
Published: October 2022

Современные условия жизни требуют грамотного обращения с источниками информации уже с дошкольного возраста. Необходимо научить детей правильно использовать цифровые устройства и создавать лучшие условия для будущей жизни. Занятия с детьми наиболее эффективно проводить с помощью исследовательских методов. Целью нашего исследования является разработка и проверка эффективности авторской программы и исследовательских квестов для формирования информационной грамотности детей старшего возраста. Используемые методы: моделирование (разработка критериев информационной грамотности для данного исследования, учитывая существующие методы оценивания); анкетирование детей (изучение уровня информационной грамотности по разработанным критериям); педагогический эксперимент; математическая обработка и интерпретация результатов. Результаты: опросы детей показывают эффективность авторской программы и исследовательских квестов на формирование информационной грамотности детей старшего возраста. Применение этих средств для исследовательской деятельности имеет положительное влияние на развитие знаний детей с помощью различных цифровых и нецифровых средств информации, что в нынешнее время есть одним из важнейших навыков.

Modern living conditions require competent handling of information sources already from preschool age. It is necessary to teach children to use digital devices without harm to them, to create prerequisites for the future of life. Educational activities with children are most effectively carried out through research methods. The purpose of this study is to develop and test the effectiveness of the author's program and research quests for the formation of information literacy in older children. Methods: modeling (development of information literacy criteria for this study, taking into account existing assessment methods); questioning (children - studying the level of information literacy according to the developed criteria); pedagogical experiment; mathematical processing and interpretation of results. Results: surveys of children show the effectiveness of the author's program and research quests for the formation of information literacy of older children. The use of these tools for research activities has a positive impact on the development of children's knowledge through various digital and non-digital media, which at the present time is one of the most important skills.
Pedagogical and psychological verification technology in situations of exposing the lies of the interrogated
Authors: Арский А.А.
Published: October 2022

В данной статье анализируются актуальные вопросы описания и классификации криминалистических вербальных и невербальных тактик получения от подозреваемого правдивых показаний при проведении допросов как самостоятельных процессуальных действий. Авторами используется технологический подход к формированию методики допроса через верификацию не только инструментальных ответов, полученных с использованием высокоточного измерительного оборудования, но также и механизмов безинструментальной оценки. В статье показано, что каждый из способов является только дополнением к общей структуре верификации ответов допрашиваемого и интегральная оценка должна выноситься непосредственно специалистом. Определено, что технология в ситуациях изобличения лжи допрашиваемого позволяет ускорить расследование уголовного дела и в перспективе более оперативно определить порядок наказания. Практическое применение полученной технологии может определено в непосредственной оперативной работе как при допросе в экстремальных условиях, так и условиях камеральной работы оперативного состава.

This article analyzes topical issues of description and classification of criminalistic verbal and nonverbal tactics of obtaining truthful testimony from a suspect during interrogations as independent procedural actions. The authors use a technological approach to the formation of interrogation techniques through the verification of not only instrumental responses obtained using high-precision measuring equipment, but also noninstrumental assessment mechanisms. The article shows that each of the methods is only an addition to the general structure of the verification of the answers of the interrogated and the integral assessment should be made directly by a specialist. It is determined that the technology in situations of exposing the lies of the interrogated person allows speeding up the investigation of a criminal case and in the future more quickly determine the order of punishment. The practical application of the obtained technology can be determined in direct operational work both during interrogation in extreme conditions and in the conditions of desk work of the operational staff.
Professional retraining and advanced training of catering specialists
Authors: Ровинская О.В. , Гераскина А.В. , Ильиных А.А. , Прецер Н.Д. , Никонова А.С.
Published: October 2022

В статье рассматривается актуальность дополнительного профессионального образования в сфере общественного питания. Выявлены актуальные проблемы и запросы общества к работе предприятий общественного питания. Проанализированы современные тенденции на рынке услуг общественного питания. В результате проведенного исследования авторами был начат процесс создания программы дополнительного профессионального образования на базе Южно-Уральского государственного университета для специалистов общественного питания.

The article discusses the relevance of additional professional education in the field of public catering. The actual problems and requests of society to the work of public catering enterprises are revealed. The current trends in the market of public catering services are analyzed. As a result of the conducted research, the authors began the process of creating a program of additional professional education on the basis of the South Ural State University for catering specialists.
DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION ALGORITHM IN MODELS OF TECHNICAL OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Knobloch Roman , Mlýnek Jaroslav
Published: October 2022

At present, evolutionary optimization algorithms are increasingly used in the development of new technological processes. Evolutionary algorithms often allow the optimization procedure to be performed even in cases where classical optimization algorithms fail (e.g. gradient methods) and where an acceptable solution is sufficient to solve the optimization task. The article focuses on possibilities of using a differential evolution algorithm in the optimization process. This algorithm is often referred to in the literature as a global optimization procedure. However, we show by means of a practical example that the convergence of the classic differential algorithm to the global extreme is not generally assured and is largely dependent on the specific cost function. To remove this weakness, we designed a modified version of the differential evolution algorithm. The improved version, named the modified differential evolution algorithm, is described in the article. It is possible to prove asymptotic convergence to the global minimum of the cost function for the modified version of the algorithm.
Mensch-Maschine-Zusammenarbeit bei der Entscheidungsfindung
Authors: Hatz Alexander , Jaklič Jurij , Morelli Frank
Published: October 2022

The use of ML-based decision support systems in business-related decision-making processes is a proven approach for companies to increase process performance and quality. To a certain extent, machines are capable of reproducing the cognitive abilities of humans in specific domains. In order to leverage the resulting potential, synergistic human-machine collaboration (HMC) is becoming increasingly important for companies. However, orchestrating HMC is dependent on a set of framework conditions that determine the success of the collaboration. This study examines the research question of how to utilize the concept of collaborative intelligence (CI) to enhance decision-making processes while using machine learning (ML) -based data prediction. The purpose is to identify success factors in the development, design, and implementation of an ML-based predictive analytics solution to orchestrate HMC in decision-making processes. These success factors state recommendations for companies to fulfil the necessary framework conditions for synergetic HMC orchestration. In total, five success factors were identified that represent a combination of theoretical findings and empirical insights. At the same time, further research needs were uncovered, which point out starting points for future research projects in the field of HMC.
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Efficient high-field MAS-DNP NMR reveals hidden side chains in amyloid fibrils
Authors: Lends Alons , Birlirakis Nicolas , Cai Xinyi , Daskalov Asen , Shenoy Jayakrishna , Bilal Abdul-Shukkoor Muhammed , Berbon Mélanie , Ferrage Fabien , Liu Yangping , Loquet Antoine , Tan Kong Ooi
Published: October 2022

It has been widely observed in bioNMR experiments that many biological molecules contain flexible parts or side chains that do not yield easily observable NMR signals in room-temperature experiments. The reasons for the missing peaks could be because the flexible regions might exhibit unfavorable dynamics that interfere with NMR experiments, which result in low NMR intensity below the noise floor. To circumvent this issue, we exploit a hyperpolarization technique known as dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), which is usually performed at low temperatures for optimal performances. We have also compared 1H enhancements for amyloid fibrils doped with the SNAPol-1 and M-Tinypol radicals, and the 1H DNP spectrum demonstrates a much higher ε~30 for the SNAPol-1 radical than ε~10 for the TinyPol-doped sample. By combining the sensitivity gain bestowed by efficient DNP polarizing agent (SNAPol-1), the freezing of local motions at cryogenic temperature (~ 100 K), and high NMR resolution at high magnetic field (18.8 T), we have successfully recorded an unprecedented enhancement factor of ~50 on amyloid fibrils (NWD2) in magic-angle spinning (MAS) DNP experiments at a high magnetic field of 18.8 T. Moreover, multidimensional MAS NMR experiments have revealed NMR signals of flexible side chains that were previously inaccessible at conventional room-temperature experiments. We also demonstrate that sensitivity-enhanced 2D 15N-13C correlation experiments can be achieved in ~ 2 hours. These results demonstrate the potential of MAS-DNP NMR as a valuable tool for structural investigations of amyloid fibrils, particularly for side chains otherwise hidden at room temperature.
United atom and coarse grained models for crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane with applications to the rheology of silicone fluids
Authors: Khot Aditi , Lindsey Rebecca , Lewicki James , Maiti Amitesh , Goldman Nir , Kroonblawd Matthew
Published: October 2022

Siloxane systems consisting primarily of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are versatile, multifaceted materials that play a key role in diverse applications. However, open questions exist regarding the correlation between their varied atomic-level properties and observed macroscale features. To this effect, we have created a systematic workflow to determine coarse-grained simulation models for crosslinked PDMS in order to further elucidate the effects of network changes on the system's mechanical properties. Our approach leverages a fine-grained united atom model for linear PDMS, which we extend to include crosslinking terms, and applies iterative Boltzmann inversion to obtain a coarse-grain ``bead-spring-type'' model. We then perform extensive molecular dynamics simulations to explore the effect of crosslinking on the rheology of silicone fluids, where we compute systematic increases in both density and shear viscosity that compare favorably to experiments that we conduct here. The kinematic viscosity of partially crosslinked fluids follows an empirical linear relationship that is surprisingly consistent with Rouse theory, which was derived for systems comprised of a uniform distribution of linear chains. The models developed here serve to enable quantitative bottom-up predictions for curing- and age-induced effects on macroscale mechanical and rheological properties, allowing for accurate prediction of material properties based on fundamental chemical data.
Solar E→Z photoisomerization of azo switches
Authors: Zhang Zhao-Yang , Dong Dongfang , Dang Tongtong , Li Tao
Published: October 2022

By absorbing light energy, molecular photoswitches can undergo structural changes, store chemical energy, and perform dynamic work, which has profound impacts on the development of stimuli-responsive systems, energy storage/conversion materials, artificial molecular machines, etc. Developing photoswitches that can be fueled by natural sunlight will bring great benefits to their applications in the context of carbon neutrality. Here, we show that solar photoswitching can be realized by reshaping the absorption spectral profile, i.e., rendering the absorption of parent isomer overwhelmingly stronger than that of metastable isomer across the UV–Vis spectra. Solar E→Z photoisomerization of azo molecules—the most widely used class of photoswitches—are achieved by implementing this spectral tuning principle. A simple yet tunable molecular design strategy to meet this spectral requirement is established and a variety of solar photoisomerizable heteroaryl-based azo-switches are developed. Photoswitching under natural sunlight in place of the traditional artificial lights represents a crucial step towards sustainable light-driven processes.