bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perkembangan Teknologi Panen dan Kelembagaan Panen pada Usahatani Padi
Authors: Fatmawaty A. St , Bijaksana Arif , Setiawan Reza
Published: March 2024

One of the villages that applies technology in rice farming is Maccini Baji Village, Batang Sub-district. The tools and machinery used are tractors and combine harvesters. Agricultural tools and machinery used by farmers come from government assistance which is managed together through farmer groups. The research objectives were to describe the development of rice harvesting technology and analyze institutional changes in rice farming harvesting as a result of technological developments. This research was conducted from February to March 2022. The research location was in Maccini Baji Village, Batang District, Jeneponto Regency. The study population was 925 people and a sample of 16 people. The data analysis used was qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study are the development of rice harvesting technology in Maccini Baji Village starting from the use of harvesting tools such as ani - ani, sickle, and gebot while the machines used are thresher and combine harvester. This condition can be seen from the decreasing employment opportunities of traditional harvest laborers, decreasing income, and the increasing difficulty of finding harvest laborers due to changing professions. This results in narrower social interactions in harvesting institutions in Maccin Baji Village, greater social inequality due to the response of farmers who are more rational in making decisions regarding the efficiency and effectiveness of their paddy farms.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI MANAJEMEN REDAKSI TELEVISI RADIO (TVR) PARLEMEN DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT PENONTON DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Putri Tiara Dwi , Radjagukguk Djudjur Luciana
Published: March 2024

Perkembangan media elektronik sangat populer di kalangan masyarakat saat ini era digital 4.0. Karenanya, setiap informasi yang disampaikan mudah dan cepat sampai pada masyarakat. Di era digital saat ini juga banyaknya industri media sudah mengikuti perkembangan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat yang semakin tinggi. Salah satunya, media siaran internal TV Parlemen program terbatas di bawah naungan Biro Pemberitaan Parlemen Sekretariat Jenderal yang membuat manajemen pemberitaan sendiri membuat berbagai program jenis berita menyajikan kegiatan Anggota DPR. Untuk itu diperlukan peran manajemen redaksi dalam menyajikan konten dan membangun ciri khas yang dikelola oleh kelompok organisasi dari tahap perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pengarahan, dan pengawasan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis lebih dalam mengenai strategi komunikasi manajemen redaksi TV Parlemen dalam meningkatkan minat penonton di era digital. Landasan teori yang digunakan adalah teori manajemen media penyiaran oleh Morissan, M.A memiliki 4 fungsi manajemen yaitu perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pengarahan, pengawasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode field research atau penelitian lapangan disebut juga kualitatif deskriptif dengan melakukan wawancara langsung, mengamati secara langsung, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi komunikasi manajemen redaksi TV Parlemen dalam meningkatkan minat penonton sudah baik dan sesuai terhadap proses perencanaan kegiatan, penyusunan pengorganisasian bisa ditangani dan dijalankan dengan baik, melakukan pengarahan menjalin komunikasi antar atasan dan karyawan, melakukan pengawasan dengan evaluasi bersama. Serta dalam meningkatkan minat penonton, melakukan perubahan re-branding, mengembangkan website, dan menjalin kerja sama dengan media swasta maupun lokal.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI SEBAGAI VARIABLE INTERVENING PADA DINAS PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Diaurridh Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui pengaruh Kepemimpinan Dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dengan Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Varaiabel Intervening Pada Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pegawai yang bekerja di dinas pengelolaan keuangan daerah sumatera barat. Metode pengambilan sampel adalah simple random sampling. Jumlah yang dapat dipergunakan sebagai alat analisis adalah sebanyak 100 responden. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah analisi Regrasi linier bertingkat. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa (1) variable budaya organisasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. (2) variable kepemimpinan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat.(3) variable komitmen organisasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. (4) komitmen organisasi sebagai variable intervening berpengaruh signifikan terhadap budaya organisasi Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. (5) komitmen organisasi sebagai variable intervening berpengaruh terhadap kepemimpinan Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. (6) komitmen organisasi sebagai variable intervening tidak berperan memediasi budaya organisasi terhadap Kinerja pegawai Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. (7)   komitmen organisasi sebagai variable intervening berperan memediasi kepemimpinan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Implikasi penelitian dapat memberikan sumbangan pemikiran bahwa variabel komitmen organisasi dapat memediasi hubungan antara budaya organisasi dan kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja pegawai Dinas Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa apabila organisasi ingin meningkatkan komitmen organisasi untuk mencapai kinerja yang lebih baik adalah dengan menerapakan budaya organisasi dan gaya kepemimpinan yang baik, proporsional kepada pegawainya
PENGARUH PELAYANAN, FASILITAS DAN DAYA TARIK WISATA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN BERKUNJUNG (STUDI PADA PENGUNJUNG OBJEK WISATA SA’PAK BAYO BAYO)
Authors: Limbongan Mey Enggane
Published: March 2024

This study aims to find out the effect of service, facility and tourist attraction on visit decision to visit Sa’pak Bayo Bayo Tourism Object in Sangalla, Tana Toraja. The result of t-test show that service variable does not have a significant effect on decision to visiting the tourism object. Otherwise, facilities and tourist attraction variables partially had a positive and significant effect on visit decision. The result of F-test show that all the independent variable simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on visit decision. The results of this study can be used by tourism object managers in developing and improving the quality of tourist objects in terms of services, facilities and tourist attractions.
MANAJEMEN KOMUNIKASI PEMERINTAH DESA KOPO KABUPATEN BOGOR DALAM MENDORONG WARGA MELAKUKAN VAKSINASI COVID 19
Authors: Sriwartini Yayu , Radjagukguk Djudjur Luciana
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to describe the communication management of the Kopo Village Government, Bogor Regency, in encouraging residents to vaccinate during a pandemic. Data collection was carried out in August 2022, at which time the government was still promoting the vaccination program. But the problem  was  many people feel that they no longer need to be vaccinated because apart from the fact that conditions were starting to look normal, people also think that the symptoms of Covid were no longer scary. The data was collected by means of in-depth interviews with informants including the village head, as well as the task force team represented by the head of the Kopo Village PKK and the head of RW 01. The technique of testing the validity of the data was an effort to triangulate sources. In encouraging residents to do vaccines, the Kopo Village Government together with the task force team carried out communication management including preparing messages and ways of communicating, utilizing network-based media such as WAG to disseminate vaccine schedule information and in implementing it carried out persuasive communication through the door prize program and carried out monitoring and evaluation to see the target achievement. Based on the results of the research and discussion, it could be concluded that the Kopo Village Government had carried out quite good communication management in encouraging residents to vaccinate, even though the planning and organizing stages were still not optimal
ANALISIS BAURAN PROMOSI PENGGUNAAN sMartCU PADA USAHA ANGGOTA CREDIT UNION SAUAN SIBARRUNG DI TORAJA
Authors: Enggane Limbongan Mey , Suba Sampewai Melvis Putri Prasintia
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the promotional mix for the use of sMartCU in the member businesses of the Sauan Sibarrung Credit Union in Toraja. The type of research used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method with survey techniques. The descriptive qualitative method is research that attempts to provide proof of the truth of facts that occur in the field, situations based on a theoretical framework and the problems raised. The data collection techniques used were interviews and observations. The data processing technique used begins with data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. From the research results, it was found that the use of sMartCU is very influential in introducing products to the people who are marketing targets, and providing value exchange based on the benefits provided by the product. The marketing tools used are advertising, sales promotions, events and experiences, public relations and publicity, and online marketing.
Peran Teknologi Informasi dalam Mempengaruhi Perilaku Komunikasi Petani
Authors: Mukhlishah Nurul
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dari analisi ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran teknologi informasi dalam mempengaruhi perilaku komunikasi petani. Analisis ini menggunakan bahan studi literatur sebagai sumber kajian pustaka. Terdapat empat jurnal yang dianalisis. Dua jurnal diantaranya menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode survey lapangan dan wawancara. Jurnal lainnya menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Pada studi literatur ini menggunakan empat jurnal sebagai bahan literatur penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan purposive sampling dengan menjadikan 4 jurnal sebagai sampel analisis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa media komunikasi memberikan pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan dalam mengakses informasi usaha tani, meskipun dengan pengetahuan masyarakat yang masih tergolong rendah.
Dampak Negatif Bahan Tambahan Pangan Bagi Kesehatan Dan Pencegahannya
Authors: Ermawati Ermawati , Karim Harningsih , Azis Arief , Taufiq Taufiq , Noer Sitti Fauziah Noer , Lindriani Lindriani , Arnianti Arnianti
Published: March 2024

Peranan bahan tambahan makanan menjadi semakin penting sejalan dengan kemajuan teknologi pangan. Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi tentang pentingnya pengetahuan mengenai dampak negatif bahan tambahan pangan bagi kesehatan dan pencegahannya. Karena salah satu faktor penting dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan adalah makanan dan minuman yang kita konsumsi sehari-hari. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) dilaksanakan pada hari senin, tanggal 18 Juli 2022 oleh ADPERTISI ( Aliansi Dosen Perguruan Tinggi Swasta Indonesia) yang merupakan jembatan kami para dosen dalam pelaksanaan PKM. Metode penyampaian materi dalam bentuk penyuluhan yaitu ceramah, diskusi dan simulasi. Hasil kegiatan dapat menambah wawasan tentang dampak negatif bahan tambahan pangan bagi kesehatan dan pencegahannya
 
Kata kunci ; Tambahan Pangan, Penyuluhan kepada masyarakat
The Training Innovation Of Meatballs For Additional Seaweed Post Covid-19 Pandemic In Pankep Regency
Authors: Fatmawati Fatmawati , Aminuddin Aminuddin , Sutanto Saiman , Halik Abdul , Liswahyuni Andi , Aminah Aminah
Published: March 2024

Kabupaten Pangkep Kelurahan Anrong Appaka merupakan suatu wilayah penghasil rumput laut, dan menjadi komoditi unggulan hasil perikanan. Budidaya rumput laut menjadi usaha tani oleh masyarakat. Namun petani belum memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam pengolahan pascapanen, sehingga menjadi permasalahan bagi petani. PKM ini bertujuan untuk  memberikan pelatihan dan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat sebagai solusi model Budidaya Petik Jual menjadi Petik Olah Jual. Pemerintah Kabupaten Pangkep menilai sangat baik kegiatan ini untuk merelaksasi dan merestrukturisasi pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat pada umumnya terkhusus kelompok tani dalam suasana pasca pandemi covid-19. Melalui kegitan pengabdian ini diharapkan permasalahan yang dialami oleh petani rumput laut mendapatkan solusi dari dosen pengabdi melalui berbagai metode yaitu observasi, survei, Focus Group Discussion, dengan teknik pelatihan dan penyuluhan. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian bahwa dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat terkhusus kepada petani dalam pengelolaan pascapanen rumput laut, bahkan dapat membangun jiwa wirausaha mandiri melalui inovasi bakso dengan penambahan rumput laut
Stategi pendeteksian bakat dan minat anak usia dini
Authors: Sangkala Sirate Sitti Fatimah , Qalbi Nur , Patiung Naomi , Sujariati Sujariati , Tasni Nurfaida , Nurwanti Nurwanti , Dewi Erni Ratna
Published: March 2024

Setiap orang dilahirkan dengan keunikan yang luar biasa. Keunikan ini membawa dampak pada keragaman kemampuan, karakteristik, dan kehebatan luar biasa sesuai dengan bakat dan talenta. Pendeteksian bakat dan talenta anak sejak dini memiliki urgensi tersendiri untuk mengungkap kehebatan yang tersembunyi dalam diri setiap anak. Keunikan itu terlihat dari kecerdasan yang dimiliki yang mencakup verbal-linguistik, logis-matematis, visual-spasial, kinestetik-jasmani, musik-berirama, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistik, dan eksistensial. Setiap kecerdasan dapat dikenali dengan melihat kecenderungan untuk mengungkap karakteristiknya. Setelah teridentifikasi, maka perlu dikembangkan dengan memerhatikan strategi pengembangan yang sesuai agar terarah bakat, talenta, dan kehebatan tersembunyi
Pelatihan Sablon Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Sumber Daya Manusia Yang Kreatif Dan Inovatif Dalam Berwirausaha Desa Sunggu Manai Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Ismail Ismail , Tajuddin Imran , Fara Kessi Andi Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Sunggu Manai Village is a village located in Pattallasang District, Gowa Regency with an area of 684 ha which has 3 hamlets namely Sailong, Lamuru and Japing Hamlets. The population of Sunggu Manai Village reaches 2,860 people. One of the main and important investments for business actors is human resources which is the key to the success and progress of a business in order to survive and develop properly. Human resources (HR) is a very important factor that cannot even be separated from an organization, both institutions and companies. HR is also the key that determines the development of the company. In order to increase creative and innovative human resources, one of the constructive trainings is conducted, namely screen printing training. In participating in the training, the HR participating in this training must have the motivation to take part in this activity because of course there are business opportunities from this training. However, deficiencies still have to be corrected after attending the initial stage of training, namely with subsequent training and reading various literature in order to perfect optimal work results. Before starting the training, HR who take part in the training are required to make observations first, so that the material presented by the teacher is only seen as increasing knowledge from screen printing training
Penyuluhan Ketahanan Iman dan Kesehatan: Gizi 1000 HPK Untuk Mencegah Stunting dan Pemeriksaan Covid-19, Pengobatan Gratis Pada Masyarakat di TPU Menteng Pulo dan Bakti Sosial
Authors: Kolibu Dirk Roy , Langi Louisa , Kia A Dan , Marsaulina Roce
Published: March 2024

TPU Menteng Pulo, Jakarta mayoritas penduduknya hidup dalam kemiskinan. Sekitar 80% warga Kampung Penampungan Gasong bekerja sebagai pemulung, dan 20% lainnya berprofesi sebagai pekerja serabutan. Akses pendidikan yang layak sulit diperoleh, menyebabkan banyak anak-anak putus sekolah untuk membantu orangtua bekerja. Pandemi Covid-19 semakin memperburuk situasi ini, dengan berpotensi menyebabkan krisis kesehatan. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) diselenggarakan oleh Program Studi Doktor PAK dan Mahasiswa program profesi kedokteran Universitas Kristen Indonesia Jakarta melalui Pengobatan Gratis Pada Masyarakat di TPU Menteng Pulo dilakukan dengan metode: Penyuluhan iman dan Kesehatan kepada keluarga agar tetap sehat di masa pandemi COVID-19, Melakukan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik (tekanan darah), dan diagnosis. Setelah kegiatan pengabdian menunjukkan baha Masyarakat mendapatkan edukasi terkait  kondisi kesehatan penderita, perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat serta pola makan yang baik. Masyarakat setempat dihimbau agar dilakukan pembersihan lingkungan tempat tinggal dan rutin mengontrol kesehatan ke unit Kesehatan terdekat  agar dapat mencegah terjadinya perburukan kondisi Kesehatan yang dikeluhkan oleh Masyarakat.
PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI DAERAH BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI (TIK) GUNA MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN DAERAH DAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Sulfiana Sulfiana , Rosmiati Rosmiati , Muchtar Asikin , Syukur Anshar , Herawaty Herawaty , Mariana Lina
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini guna meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat terkhusus aparat kelurahan terkait pentingnya TIK dalam mengembangkan potensi daerah serta peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat. Untuk mengetahui  bagaimana pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat terhdap TIK dalam rangka pengembangan potensi daerah dan pendapatan masyarakat, maka penelitian ini menggunakan alat yaitu kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada aparat kelurahan dan masyarakat yang hadir, kuesioner dibagikan melalui barcode yang memuat beberapa pertanyaan tentang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi serta potensi daerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aparat kelurahan dan masyarakat masih belum tahu penggunaan TIK, selain itu, masyarakat Padoang-Doangan juga tidak mempunyai website-kelurahan. Adanya peran TIK serta website-kelurahan, harusnya menjadi modal utama bagi masyarakat dalam memperkenalkan potensi daerahnya agar lebih dikenal secara global.
Bacterial diseases seriously infecting major horticultural crops in Ethiopia and their management
Authors: Wubshet Zenebe , Geneti Dula
Published: March 2024

Horticultural crops that can solve food insecurity problems are essential commodities. The availability of diverse soil, favorable climatic conditions, and comfortable agro-ecological zones in Ethiopia provide ample opportunities to produce them. However, the success of production has been challenged by biotic and biotic factors. From which, diseases caused by bacterial pathogens are the current globally emerging and re-emerging threats of crop production. Hence, this review is crucial to accentuating newly emerged and re-emerged bacterial diseases that cause great economic damage to essential horticultural crops in the country. Many African countries are experiencing outbreaks and the potential for these bacterial pathogens to emerge. Among these, many hosts killing and yield loss problems due to ginger bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), bacterial blight of coffee (Pseudomonas syringae), banana, and enset wilt (Xanthomonas campestris) diseases result in > 50% yield reduction. Various factors like introducing new types within a species, homogeneity of resistant plant varieties, hybridization within pathogen species, and introducing an arthropod vector to be "emergence" or increase in importance within that environment to favor their distribution. Once they are established, bacterial disease management is so complex both by chemical and biological means and is restrained primarily by preventive measures such as hygiene, healthy planting materials, good cultural practices, and avoidance. The potential use of community heterogeneity/plant population/is an exciting and controversial option to reduce the risk of disease emergence. In all, this article is crucial to offer detailed insight on some bacterial diseases that threaten the production of economically essential horticultural crops.
Sorghum Genetic Diversity in Africa: A Mini-Review
Authors: Mangshin Godwin , Gana G , Munza B M
Published: March 2024

Cultivated sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important food security crop in the worlds semi-arid regions, including Africa and Asia. Genetic diversity in crops is an essential element necessary for any crop improvement programme. The study seeks to assess the causes of genetic diversity loss in Africa and possible solutions to diversity loss problems in Africa. High genetic diversity at local, regional and continental levels within Africa was reported by most of the studies reviewed. The trend of sorghum diversity in Africa remains unclear as some studies suggest an increase in sorghum's genetic diversity, while others suggest a loss in genetic diversity over the years. Replacement of farmers’ variety with improved variety, population increase, climate change, a shift in the cropping system, and reduced derived benefits from certain crop varieties have reported as the major causes of diversity loss in Africa. The in-situ conservation practiced in the centers of diversity of sorghum has been a predominant key player in mitigating diversity loss in sorghum. This approach emphasizes the vital role of farmers’ selection in generating and maintaining crop diversity in participatory plant selection and introducing new varieties where farmers grow improved varieties. Farmers’ landraces were also found to improve the sorghum's genetic base, thereby mitigating diversity loss in sorghum. The extent and trend of genetic diversity and the causes of diversity loss observed in this study could provide a basis for genetic resource conservation and utilization of sorghum germplasm in Africa.
Antioxidant and anticancer activities of Solanum nigrum Linn leaves
Authors: Bhuvaneshwari C , Ambiga S
Published: March 2024

Solanum nigrum Linn, belonging to the family Solanaceae, is a flowering species native to Australia, South Africa, and Asia. In the present study, the dried S. nigrum leaves were extracted with benzene, diethyl ether, and ethanol by Soxhlet’s extraction and screened qualitatively and quantitatively to determine their total phytoconstituent content and their potential antioxidant evaluation, followed by the GCMS analysis to predict the hit compounds. The highest amounts of phenols (120.50 mg), alkaloids (90.50 mg), and flavonoids (108.75 mg) were present in the diethyl ether extract of the Solanum nigrum leaves. In contrast, saponins (42.50g) are abundant in ethanol extract. The GCMS analysis of diethyl ether extract reported the top compounds with area %, height %, and specific retention times. The major compounds in the GCMS analysis are isopropyl myristate, octadecanedioic acid, and hexadecanedioic acid. Antioxidant assays such as the DPPH assay and reducing power assay revealed that the diethyl ether extract has more antioxidant activity than the standard itself. The two compounds from the GCMS study were then docked against an oncogene BRAF V600E and a mutated tumour suppressor gene p53 Y220C mutant. The results showed that the interaction was good and had higher negative binding energies. We report that S. nigrum leaves have potent antioxidant and anticancer properties.
Response of F1 arabica coffee genotypes descending from disease resistant Ethiopian accessions to coffee berry disease
Authors: Kitange Grace , Nchimbi-Msolla Susan , Msuya Dunstan Gabriel
Published: March 2024

Coffee is one of Tanzania’s primary agricultural export commodities but is seriously constrained by Colletotrichum kahawae which causes significant yield losses in Arabica coffee during high infection seasons. Using resistant varieties rather than chemical fungicides, which are costly and cause environmental pollution, is a more sustainable approach to controlling the disease. Several F1 hybrid genotypes developed from Ethiopian accessions of Arabica coffee of known Coffee berry disease (CBD) resistance were evaluated under CBD pressure to observe acquired resistance. Eight Arabica coffee genotypes were inoculated with three types of CBD pathogen isolates. Results revealed high resistance on two F1 genotypes (F90/64/4660 x KP423 and F89/64/4660 x KP423) with no infection to all C. kahawae isolates. Two Genotypes (F45/64/2049 x KP423 and F24/64/902 x KP423) revealed resistance moderately by scoring less than 50% infected berries, while F45/64/2061 x KP423 and F24/64/886 x KP423 demonstrated moderate susceptibility. The F1 genotypes with less infection are to be included in the breeding program to develop resistant varieties. Pathogenicity of three C. kahawae isolates obtained from different coffee growing areas in Tanzania was also observed for their effects on the tested genotypes.  Isolate 2006/14 from Kibosho – Kombo was more aggressive in terms of infected berries, followed by isolate 2019/16 from Ugano-Mbinga.  Isolates found to be more aggressive are potential for screening resistance to develop coffee berry disease varieties in Tanzania.
Current Status of Bacterial Leaf Blight in Malaysian Rice Plants
Authors: Mohd Din Bibi Nazihah , Syd Ali Nusaibah , Tan Geok Hun , Yusop Mohd Rafii
Published: March 2024

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice is among the most devastating pathosystem of rice in nearly all the rice-growing localities in tropical and temperate regions. In Malaysia, the disease was initially detected in paddy fields of Peninsular Malaysia in 1967, with yield losses reaching 70%. Devastating BLB spread was in 2013 at Sekinchan, Selangor with 80% infection involving varieties of MR220, CL2, MR263, and MR 269, while at Northwest Selangor, 40% of the planting area involved MR284, MR220, CL2, and MR219 varieties. The country produced 71% of the rice after the Second National Agriculture Policy (NAP) in the year 2000 and only increased by 72% at the end of 2010, passing the target of 65% of SSL. Malaysia announced its intention to reach self-sufficiency level (SSL) by the year 2020, but has been extended to the year 2050. In general, several factors favour the BLB disease’s development, particularly in irrigated and rainfed lowland areas, with temperatures of 25-34ºC and humidity above 70 instead of high nitrogen levels and the absence of resistant varieties. This disease could be overcome by practicing a few control methods to prevent the disease’s development.
Screening of selected cotton genotypes (Gossypium spp) for resistance to fusarium wilt disease in Tanzania.
Authors: Ndole Richman , Kilasi Newton L , Hamisi Mariam I , Saidia Paul S
Published: March 2024

Cotton is an important commodity in various industries across the globe; however, cotton yield is adversely affected by the existence of pathogenic fungi included Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (FOV), the causative of Fusarium wilt (FW), which is among the major disease threatening cotton production in Tanzania. In this study the screening of 25 selected varieties resistance to FOV were done under greenhouse conditions by inoculating the emerged cotton seedlings with 1.0 x 108 conidia/ml of F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum using root cut dip method. The fusarium wilt disease was evaluated based on foliar symptoms (disease severity scaling and vascular coloration). Out of 25 evaluated cotton candidates, three candidates F 135, HC-B4-75 and UK 66 were significantly higher resistant with lower disease severity than others, while QUIT122, IL85, PSF2-1-1 and UK91 have significantly low resistance.
Assessment of levels of selected macro and microelements present in biofortified provitamin-A cassava varieties
Authors: Ossai Faith Nkechi , Peretomode O V , Ossai Chukwunalu Okolie , Akpeji Stephanie Clara
Published: March 2024

Biofortification of cassava varieties has become a common means of improving essential elements to boost food quality. This study investigated the amount of macro and microelements present in some vitamin A-fortified cassava varieties developed by cassava breeders at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan. The roots of three pro-vitamin fortified cassava varieties IBA154800, IBA164785 and IBA164791 growing at the field of the IITA cassava breeding unit were harvested and were profiled for the macro and microelement using a Tecator digester and AAS. The Mg, Zn, Cu, K, Fe and Na contents were read in triplicates. Data collected were analysed using ANOVA and correlation (SAS 9.4 version) and the differences in the varietal means were separated using the least significant differences at a 5% level of significance. The macro elements Mg, K, and Na differed significantly across the varieties and ranged from 0.114 (IBA164791) to 0.143 (IBA164785), 1.463 (IBA164791) to 2.147 (IBA164785), and 29.138 (IBA164785) to 37.433 (IBA154800), respectively. The microelements Fe, Cu and Zn also differed significantly amongst the varieties and ranged from 19.021 (IBA164791) to 29.874 (IBA164785), 1.463 (IBA164791) to 2.147 (IBA164785), and 29.138 (IBA164791) to 37.433 (IBA154800), respectively. The relationship between Zn and Fe (-0.88), and between Na and Cu (-0.85) were significantly strong and negative. The relationship between Fe and Mg (0.89), Mg and Cu (0.85), and Mg and K (0.71) were significantly strong and positive. The biofortified variety IBA164785 had a higher improvement rate in the macro and microelements investigated.
Verplichte Overheidszaken Principle on the Perspective of Covid-19 Vaccination in Indonesia
Authors: I Nyoman Prabu Buana Rumiartha
Published: March 2024

That the outbreak of Covid-19 in December 2019, made the entire world community feel the impact of the spread of the covid-19 virus. The COVID-19 pandemic poses a big challenge for the government of a country in an effort to improve the health status of the community, one of which is Indonesia. The government is trying to break the chain of disease transmission through vaccination efforts to prevent Covid-19 infection. The Covid-19 vaccination law policy in Indonesia related to Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 14 of 2021 concerning Amendments to Presidential Regulation Number 99 of 2020 concerning Vaccine Procurement and Vaccination Implementation in the Context of Overcoming the Corona COVID-19 Pandemic (Perpres 14 2021) has been issued by President. The Covid-19 vaccination aims to reduce the transmission or contagion of COVID-19, reduce morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19, achieve group immunity in the community, and protect the community from COVID-19 in order to remain socially and economically productive. Covid-19 vaccination during a pandemic is a Public Goods effort carried out by the Government as an Obligatory Public Health Functions, therefore all vaccination costs must be fully borne by the government as in line with the Verplichte Overheidszaken Principle in a country in organizing and or run the government.
Discourse on the Debate on Bawaslu's Authority in Handling Election Violations After the Determination of National Vote Results
Authors: Satriya Nugraha
Published: March 2024

Violations in the electoral process in Indonesia are an issue that often occurs during the electoral process, where the Election Supervisory Body (Bawaslu) is tasked with preventing and taking action related to alleged election violations, not only during the election but also when the vote results have been determined nationally, with the hope of realizing a fair and integrity election. This study aims to describe the limitations of Bawaslu in carrying out its duties fully to oversee the entire series of elections following statutory regulations. This research uses a normative juridical research method through a statutory approach. The results of this study reveal that Bawaslu is unable to fully carry out its duties in taking action against alleged election violations after the determination of the vote until the stage of taking the oath or pledge because there is a legal vacuum in Article 93 letter d of Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections which outlines that Bawaslu is only tasked with overseeing the implementation of the election until the stage of determining the election results. Law Number 7/2017 on General Elections must be reviewed to provide legal certainty to Bawaslu in carrying out its duties under statutory regulations.
Uticaj veštačke inteligencije na advokatsku praksu
Authors: Savić Božić Dijana , Šehić Enes
Published: March 2024

Ovaj rad analizira na koji način se aspekti veštačke inteligencije mogu primeniti na oblast prava, kako bi se dobila laka i efikasna usluga. Uz brz razvoj modernih tehnologija i digitalnih inovacija, veštačka inteligencija je sada na putu da zameni ljudske poslove. Obrazovanje, medicina i mnoga poslovna polja danas su visoko razvijena uz uključivanje veštačke inteligencije. Ali kada je u pitanju oblast prava, nema značajnijeg razvoja uticajem veštačke inteligencije i drugih savremenih tehnologija. Većina advokata i dalje radi svoje predmete i druge ugovorne poslove bez korišćenja savremenih tehnoloških aspekata. Oni i dalje koriste čvrste datoteke i listove tokom svog napredovanja. Barem većina njih ne koristi legalan softver. Ali uz pomoć veštačke inteligencije, advokat može lako i efikasno da klasifikuje činjenice i donosi ispravne odluke i obrazloženja za nekoliko sekundi. Moguće je primeniti i tehnologiju veštačke inteligencije za analizu pravnih dokumenata i ugovora. Postoje neke prepreke koje treba uzeti u obzir kada se veštačka inteligencija zameni advokatima. Obuka veštačke inteligencije sa tehničkim pravnim jezikom je složena, jer ne postoji računarski jezik koji može da čita pravni jezik. Štaviše, ne postoji garancija ili odgovornost za rad koji obavlja mašina. Kao odgovornija i značajnija pozicija, advokat treba da ima odgovornost prema svojim klijentima. Ove slabosti ne znače da nije praktično zameniti rad advokata savremenim tehnologijama. Sa brzim razvojem modernih tehnologija, ova ograničenja se mogu prevazići u nadolazećoj fazi, jer je jasno da se zadaci advokata mogu lako i efikasno poboljšati veštačkom inteligencijom.
Use of different dry materials to control the moisture in a black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) rearing substrate
Authors: Laksanawimol Parichart , Anukun Pritsana , Thancharoen Anchana
Published: March 2024

Background

Controlling the substrate moisture is a significant challenge in black soldier fly (BSF) farming. Many substrates have a high moisture content, which results in a low BSF biomass and a high mortality. One potential solution involves incorporating dry substrates into the food mix to mitigate the excessive moisture. However, little information about the types and quantities of dry substrates is available.

Methods

Six different dry materials–rice husk (RH), rice bran (RB), rice husk ash (RHA), coconut coir dust (CC), rubberwood sawdust (RSD), and spent coffee grounds (SCGs)–were evaluated by combining with pure minced mixed vegetables in varying proportions (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 25%, and 50% by weight). This study encompassed both small-scale and medium-scale experiments to comprehensively assess the effects of the addition of each of these different dry substrates and their quantities on aspects of the development of BSF, such as BSF biomass, larval duration, mortality rates, adult sex ratio, and the moisture removal efficiency of each substrate mixture.

Results

Each dry substrate had specific properties. Although RB emerged as a favorable dry substrate owing to its nutritional content and substantial water-holding capacity, excessive use of RB (>15% by weight) resulted in elevated temperatures and subsequent desiccation of the substrate, potentially leading to larval mortality. In contrast, RH demonstrated the ability to support improved larval duration and growth, permitting its utilization in higher proportions (up to 50%). On the other hand, CC, RHA, and SCG are better suited for inclusion in BSF larval substrates in smaller quantities.

Discussion

Some dry substrates require a pretreatment process to eliminate toxic substances prior to their incorporation into substrate mixtures, such as CC and SCG. A potential alternative solution involves employing a combination of various dry substrates. This approach aims to enhance the substrate moisture control and subsequently improve the BSF rearing performance.
Effect of Internal Quality Planning using Sigma Metrics in Lean Management of a Clinical Chemistry Laboratory: An Analytical Study
Authors: Rohit S , Ramesh R
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Across the globe, quality control systems serve as the foundation for providing accurate and precise results, and also immediate error detection. However, many laboratories adhere to uniform Quality Control (QC) rules for all parameters, which may result in unnecessary overspending. The present study aimed to establish individual control rules and determine the number of control measurements for each of the 10 parameters using Westgard Entgegen-Zusammen (EZ) Rules 3 software. The cost-effectiveness and benefits of applying these new rules were evaluated, alongside the lot-to-date, lot-tolot, and company-to-company Coefficient of Variation (CV) for quality control materials. Aim: To assess the impact of sigma-metrics-based internal quality planning on lean management in a clinical chemistry laboratory. Materials and Methods: This cost-effective and cost-effective analysis study was conducted using commercially available quality control materials. It was done in the Department of Biochemistry in the Super Specialty Block (SSB) Biochemistry laboratory at Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India, from June 2020 to June 2022. Initially, the existing practices were scored. Using Westgard EZ Rules 3 software, OPSpecs charts and power function graphs were plotted using Westgard EZ Rules 3 software, and control rules and the number of control measurements for 10 parameters (Urea, Creatinine, Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Uric acid, Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), and Total protein) were determined. Cost-effective and costbenefit analyses were conducted using quality cost worksheets. A comparison of lot-to-date (month to month), lot-to-lot, and company-to-company CV was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Software version 19.0. Results: In the present study, it was found that ALP, calcium, and magnesium followed the 13S rule, whereas the remaining 7 parameters followed the 13S/22S/R4S/41S/10X rule with two control materials. The study revealed a decrease in cost by 95.8%, 92.3%, and 81.5% for ALT, AST, and creatinine, respectively, and by 71.1%, 68.8%, 59.8%, and 54.9% for uric acid, phosphorus, total protein, and urea, respectively, if the new control rules were followed instead of the existing ones. ALP, magnesium, and calcium showed no cost difference, indicating that the current control rules were similar to the newly framed ones. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in lot-to-date (month to month), lot-to-lot, and company-to-company CV on QC rules for most parameters despite changing reagent lots. Conclusion: In conclusion, the study demonstrated that the control rules for each of the 10 parameters (Urea, Creatinine, Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, uric acid, AST, ALT, ALP, and total protein), as well as the comparison of QC material CV, proved to be cost-effective.
An Investigation of Multi-server Queuing Analysis to Assess Hospital Healthcare Systems' Operational Effectiveness
Authors: Umar Mohammed Idris , Adehi M. U. , Auwal Abubakar, Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Prolonged wait (queue) times in medical outpatient departments are a growing concern in Nigerian hospitals/clinics, due to a variety of consequences such as overcrowding, patients leaving in anger without being attended to, and being stressed for not staying too long in the system. The primary goal of this paper is to research various techniques or methods for reducing long queues. Patients who wait for minutes, hours, days, or months to receive medical services may incur waiting costs. The time spent in the queue could have been better used elsewhere. This paper aims to determine an optimal server level while keeping total system costs to a minimum, including expected service costs and waiting costs in a multi-server system, to reduce patient congestion in the hospital. Data for the study was collected in two ways. The secondary method was first used to identify the most congested OPD among the numerous OPDs considered in the study. The performance measures costs were then calculated using primary data. The performance measures of the queuing system were calculated using TORA optimization software. MS Excel was used to calculate the costs and plot the charts. Based on the results of the analysis, it was suggested that one physician be added to the hospital's medical OPD to reduce patient overcrowding and wait times. As a result, this call for refocusing is issued to improve overall patient care in our cultural context while also meeting the needs of patients in our society.
Performance of Frontline Demonstration on Productivity and Profitability of Utera Cropping of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) under Rainfed Conditions in Tribal District Balaghat of Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Bisen Uttam Kumar , Solanki Ramkrishna Singh , Gaur Vikram Singh
Published: March 2024

The study was carried out during rabi season 2016-17 by the College of Agriculture Waraseoni (Balaghat), Madhya Pradesh to assess the yield gap between front-line demonstration (FLD) and farmer’s practice (FP) of Utera cropping of Linseed crop under rainfed condition of the Chhattisgarh plains. FLD’s were conducted in 11.20 ha with the active involvement of 28 farmers and scientific staff of the Institution. The findings of the present study revealed that the highest grain yield was obtained in demonstrated plots with an average of 7.25 q/ha as compared to local check with an average of 4.94 q/ha. The average of extension gap, technology gap and technology index was computed as 2.31q/ha, 2.75q/ha, and 27.53% respectively. The implementation of the enhanced package of practices in Linseed cultivation yielded a significantly higher average IBCR ratio (2.99) compared to traditional farmer practices during the study period, indicating the potential for increased productivity. This outcome underscores the effectiveness of adopting the recommended improved practices, ultimately satisfying the farming community by producing higher yields and returns.
Assessment of Soil Fertility Status of the Soils of KVK -Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Palani Renuka K  , Kumar Yogesh , Shahi S P , Kumar Satendra , Charankumar G R
Published: March 2024

The present study was undertaken to assess the soil fertility status of the soils of KVK Muzaffarnagar. Soil samples were collected from two depths viz., 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm and analysed for various soil properties. Results revealed that soils were sandy loam in texture, neutral to slightly alkaline in reaction, non-saline and low in soil organic carbon content. Mean values of CEC, SOC, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and available sulphur were 11.22 and 9.62 C mol (p+) kg-1, 0.17 and 0.13 g kg-1, 260.16 and 208.14 kg ha-1, 30.86 and 27.30 kg ha-1, 100.94 and 107.89 kg ha-1 and 13.51 and 12.84 kg ha-1 recorded at 0-15cm and 15-30 cm depth, respectively. The mean of DTPA extractable zinc, DTPA extractable iron, DTPA extractable manganese and DTPA extractable copper were 0.28 and 0.31 mg kg-1, 0.97 and 1.22 mg kg-1, 2.14 and 1.78 mg kg-1 and 0.23 and 0.19 mg kg-1 recorded surface and sub-surface depths, respectively. Soils are low in available nitrogen and potassium and medium in available phosphorus status. Cationic micronutrients such as iron, copper and zinc contents were found deficient in range, whereas manganese content was found to be sufficient.
Millets: A Scientific Perspective on Their Nutritional and Health Relevance
Authors: C. A. Raju, , Lakshmeesha, R.  , Yasaswini. Pavuluri , Divya, C.  , Ashoka, S.
Published: March 2024

Millets are resilient crops with the ability to endure various climatic conditions, making them sustainable and drought-resistant. Over the past few decades, their production has increased to meet the nutritional needs of the growing global population. These grains are rich in essential nutrients, including proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals (iron, zinc, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus), vitamins (niacin, thiamine, riboflavin, folate and vitamin E) and bioactive compounds. Millets are recognized for their high-energy content, addressing malnutrition effectively. They serve as a valuable source of medicinal and nutraceutical properties, offering antioxidants that play a role in preventing health issues such as high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Additionally, millets contribute to a decrease in tumour cases. Due to their nutritional composition and bioactive components, millets are considered a long-term and sustainable solution for ensuring a stable supply of food and feed materials. This review aims to emphasize the scientific aspects of millets, focusing on their nutritional content, biologically active compounds, and pharmaceutical properties.
A Study on Optimal Placement of Underwater Target Position Tracking System considering Marine Environment
Authors: Kim Taehyeong , Kim Seongyong , Han Minsu , Song Kyungjun
Published: March 2024

The tracking accuracy of buoy-based LBL(Long Base Line) systems can be significantly influenced by sea environmental conditions. Particularly, the position of buoys that may have drifted due to sea currents. Therefore it is necessary to predict and optimize the drifted-buoy positions in the deploying step. This research introduces a free-drift simulation model using ocean data from the European CMEMS. The simulation model’s predictions are validated by comparing them to actual sea buoy drift tracks, showing a substantial match in averaged drift speed and direction. Using this drift model, we optimize the initial buoy layout and compare the tracking performance between the center hexagonal layout and close track layout. Our results verify that the optimized layout achieves lower tracking errors compared to the other two layout.
Simulation for SEAD Mission with MUM-T
Authors: Jo Sungbeom , Choi Young Mee , Oh Jihyun , Myung Hyunsam , Lim Heungsik
Published: March 2024

In the air power, UAVs have played a large and diversified role in performing missions from simple to high-level complex ones. In particular, the suppression of enemy air defenses(SEAD) is very dangerous for a pilot so it is expected that the manned-unmanned teaming(MUM-T) system with tailless stealthy unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) will greatly enhance effectiveness of the mission while ensuring the pilot safe. This paper describes simulation studies of remote airborne control(RAC) environment for performing the SEAD mission by MUM-T, by which the air force pilot remotely controls tailless UAVs individually or small UAVs in swarm. Through this simulation, air force pilot can derive the concept of MUM-T mission operation with various UAVs in the future, and it can be used to upgrade the MUM-T system by verifying the effectiveness of the mission.