bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aflatoxin Reduction in Maize by Industrial-Scale Cleaning Solutions
Authors: Pascale Michelangelo , Logrieco Antonio F. , Graeber Matthias , Hirschberger Marina , Reichel Mareike , Lippolis Vincenzo , De Girolamo Annalisa , Lattanzio Veronica M.T. , Slettengren Katarina
Published: May 2020

Different batches of biomass/feed quality maize contaminated by aflatoxins were processed at the industrial scale (a continuous process and separate discontinuous steps) to evaluate the effect of different cleaning solutions on toxin reduction. The investigated cleaning solutions included: (i) mechanical size separation of coarse, small and broken kernels, (ii) removal of dust/fine particles through an aspiration channel, (iii) separation of kernels based on gravity and (iv) optical sorting of spatial and spectral kernel defects. Depending on the sampled fraction, dynamic or static sampling was performed according to the Commission Regulation No. 401/2006 along the entire cleaning process lines. Aflatoxin analyses of the water–slurry aggregate samples were performed according to the AOAC Official Method No. 2005.008 based on high-performance liquid chromatography and immunoaffinity column cleanup of the extracts. A significant reduction in aflatoxin content in the cleaned products, ranging from 65% to 84% with respect to the uncleaned products, was observed when continuous cleaning lines were used. Additionally, an overall aflatoxin reduction from 55% to 94% was obtained by combining results from separate cleaning steps. High levels of aflatoxins (up to 490 µg/kg) were found in the rejected fractions, with the highest levels in dust and in the rejected fractions from the aspirator and optical sorting. This study shows that a cleaning line combining both mechanical and optical sorting technologies provides an efficient solution for reducing aflatoxin contamination in maize.
FDA Approvals and Consensus Guidelines for Botulinum Toxins in the Treatment of Dystonia
Authors: Spiegel Lauren L. , Ostrem Jill L. , Bledsoe Ian O.
Published: May 2020

In 2016, the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) published practice guidelines for botulinum toxin (BoNT) in the treatment of blepharospasm, cervical dystonia, adult spasticity, and headache. This article, focusing on dystonia, provides context for these guidelines through literature review. Studies that led to Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of each toxin for dystonia indications are reviewed, in addition to several studies highlighted by the AAN guidelines. The AAN guidelines for the use of BoNT in dystonia are compared with those of the European Federation of the Neurological Societies (EFNS), and common off-label uses for BoNT in dystonia are discussed. Toxins not currently FDA-approved for the treatment of dystonia are additionally reviewed. In the future, additional toxins may become FDA-approved for the treatment of dystonia given expanding research in this area.
External Quality Assessment for Next-Generation Sequencing-Based HIV Drug Resistance Testing: Unique Requirements and Challenges
Authors: Lee Emma R. , Gao Feng , Sandstrom Paul , Ji Hezhao
Published: May 2020

Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the adoption of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies for HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) testing. NGS far outweighs conventional Sanger sequencing as it has much higher throughput, lower cost when samples are batched and, most importantly, significantly higher sensitivities for variants present at low frequencies, which may have significant clinical implications. Despite the advantages of NGS, Sanger sequencing remains the gold standard for HIVDR testing, largely due to the lack of standardization of NGS-based HIVDR testing. One important aspect of standardization includes external quality assessment (EQA) strategies and programs. Current EQA for Sanger-based HIVDR testing includes proficiency testing where samples are sent to labs and the performance of the lab conducting such assays is evaluated. The current methods for Sanger-based EQA may not apply to NGS-based tests because of the fundamental differences in their technologies and outputs. Sanger-based genotyping reports drug resistance mutations (DRMs) data as dichotomous, whereas NGS-based HIVDR genotyping also reports DRMs as numerical data (percent abundance). Here we present an overview of the need to develop EQA for NGS-based HIVDR testing and some unique challenges that may be encountered.
External Quality Assessment Program for Next-Generation Sequencing-Based HIV Drug Resistance Testing: Logistical Considerations
Authors: Ji Hezhao , Parkin Neil , Gao Feng , Denny Thomas , Jennings Cheryl , Sandstrom Paul , Kantor Rami
Published: May 2020

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is likely to become the new standard method for HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) genotyping. Despite the significant advances in the development of wet-lab protocols and bioinformatic data processing pipelines, one often-missing critical component of an NGS HIVDR assay for clinical use is external quality assessment (EQA). EQA is essential for ensuring assay consistency and laboratory competency in performing routine biomedical assays, and the rollout of NGS HIVDR tests in clinical practice will require an EQA. In September 2019, the 2nd International Symposium on NGS HIVDR was held in Winnipeg, Canada. It convened a multidisciplinary panel of experts, including research scientists, clinicians, bioinformaticians, laboratory biologists, biostatisticians, and EQA experts. A themed discussion was conducted on EQA strategies towards such assays during the symposium. This article describes the logistical challenges identified and summarizes the opinions and recommendations derived from these discussions, which may inform the development of an inaugural EQA program for NGS HIVDR in the near future.
Ethanol Extract of Caesalpinia decapetala Inhibits Influenza Virus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Zhang Li , Chen Jungang , Ke Chang , Zhang Haiwei , Zhang Shoujun , Tang Wei , Liu Chunlan , Liu Ge , Chen Si , Hu Ao , Sun Wenyu , Xiao Yu , Liu Minli , Chen Xulin
Published: May 2020

Influenza virus infections can lead to viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome in severe cases, causing significant morbidity and mortality and posing a great threat to human health. Because of the diversity of influenza virus strains and drug resistance to the current direct antiviral agents, there have been no effective drugs as yet to cure all patients infected by influenza viruses. Natural products from plants contain compounds with diverse structures that have the potential to interact with multiple host and virus factors. In this study, we identified the ethanol extract of Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston (EEC) as an inhibitor against the replication of a panel of influenza A and B viruses both on human pulmonary epithelial A549 and human monocytic U937 cells. The animal study revealed that EEC administration reduces the weight loss and improves the survival rate of mice infected with lethal influenza virus. Also, EEC treatment attenuated lung injury and reduced virus titer significantly. In conclusion, we showed that EEC has antiviral activity both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that the plant C. decapetala has the potential to be further developed as a resource of new anti-influenza drugs.
Coastal Vulnerability Assessment along the North-Eastern Sector of Gozo Island (Malta, Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Rizzo Angela , Vandelli Vittoria , Buhagiar George , Micallef Anton S. , Soldati Mauro
Published: May 2020

The coastal landscape of the Maltese Islands is the result of long-term evolution, influenced by tectonics, geomorphological processes, and sea level oscillations. Due to their geological setting, the islands are particularly prone to marine-related and gravity-induced processes, exacerbated by climate change. This study aligns different concepts into a relatively concise and expedient methodology for overall coastal vulnerability assessment, taking the NE sector of Gozo Island as a test case. Geomorphological investigation, integrated with analysis of marine geophysical data, enabled characterization of coastal dynamics, identifying this stretch of coast as being potentially hazardous. The study area features a high economic value derived from tourist and mining activities and natural protected areas, that altogether not only make coastal vulnerability a major concern but also the task of assessing it complex. Before introducing the methodology proposed for overall vulnerability assessment, an in-depth revision of the vulnerability concept is provided. The evaluation was carried out by using a set of key indicators related to local land use, anthropic and natural assets, economic activities, and social issues. Results show that the most critical areas are located east of Marsalforn including Ramla Bay, an important tourist attraction hosting the largest sandy beach in Gozo. The method combines physical exposure and social vulnerability into an overall index. It proves to be cost effective in data management and processing and is suitable for the identification and assessment of overall vulnerability of coastal areas to consequences of climate- and marine-related processes, such as coastal erosion, landslides and sea level rise.
Effects of Consecutive Extreme Weather Events on a Temperate Dystrophic Lake: A Detailed Insight into Physical, Chemical and Biological Responses
Authors: Calderó-Pascual Maria , de Eyto Elvira , Jennings Eleanor , Dillane Mary , Andersen Mikkel René , Kelly Sean , Wilson Harriet Louise , McCarthy Valerie
Published: May 2020

Between May and July 2018, Ireland experienced an exceptional heat wave, which broke long-term temperature and drought records. These calm, stable conditions were abruptly interrupted by a second extreme weather event, Atlantic Storm Hector, in late June. Using high-frequency monitoring data, coupled with fortnightly biological sampling, we show that the storm directly affected the stratification pattern of Lough Feeagh, resulting in an intense mixing event. The lake restabilised quickly after the storm as the heatwave continued. During the storm there was a three-fold reduction in Schmidt stability, with a mixed layer deepening of 9.5 m coinciding with a two-fold reduction in chlorophyll a but a three-fold increase in total zooplankton biomass. Epilimnetic respiration increased and net ecosystem productivity decreased. The ratio of total nitrogen:total phosphorus from in-lake versus inflow rivers was decoupled, leading to a cascade effect on higher trophic levels. A step change in nitrogen:phosphorus imbalances suggested that the zooplankton community shifted from phosphorus to nitrogen nutrient constraints. Such characterisations of both lake thermal and ecological responses to extreme weather events are relatively rare but are crucial to our understanding of how lakes are changing as the impacts of global climate change accelerate.
Accurate Evaluation of Sea Surface Temperature Cooling Induced by Typhoons Based on Satellite Remote Sensing Observations
Authors: Li Jiagen , Sun Liang , Yang Yuanjian , Cheng Hao
Published: May 2020

We introduce a novel method to accurately evaluate the satellite-observed sea surface temperature (SST) cooling induced by typhoons with complex tracks, which is widely used but only roughly calculated in previous studies. This method first records the typhoon forcing period and the SST response grid by grid, then evaluates the SST cooling in each grid by choosing the maximum decrease in SST within this time period. This grid-based flexible forcing date method can accurately evaluate typhoon-induced SST cooling and its corresponding date in each grid, as indicated by applying the method to the irregular track of Typhoon Lupit (2009) and three sequential typhoons in 2016 (Malakas, Megi, and Chaba). The method was used to accurately calculate the impact of Typhoon Megi by removing the influence of the other two typhoons. The SST cooling events induced by all typhoons in the northwest Pacific from 2004 to 2018 were extracted well using this method. Our findings provide new insights for accurately calculating the response of the ocean using multi-satellite remote sensing and simulation data, including the sea surface salinity, sea surface height, mixed layer depth, and the heat content of the upper levels of the ocean.
Sea-Level Rise and Shoreline Changes Along an Open Sandy Coast: Case Study of Gulf of Taranto, Italy
Authors: Scardino Giovanni , Sabatier François , Scicchitano Giovanni , Piscitelli Arcangelo , Milella Maurilio , Vecchio Antonio , Anzidei Marco , Mastronuzzi Giuseppe
Published: May 2020

The dynamics of the sandy coast between Castellaneta and Taranto (Southern Italy) has been influenced by many natural and anthropogenic factors, resulting in significant changes in the coastal system over the last century. The interactions between vertical components of sea-level changes and horizontal components of the sedimentary budget, in combination with anthropogenic impact, have resulted in different erosion and accretion phases in the past years. Local isostatic, eustatic, and vertical tectonic movements, together with sedimentary budget changes, must be considered in order to predict the shoreline evolution and future marine submersion. In this study, all morpho-topographic data available for the Gulf of Taranto, in combination with Vertical Land Movements and sea-level rise trends, were considered by assessing the local evolution of the coastal trend as well as the future marine submersion. Based on the predicted spatial and temporal coastal changes, a new predictive model of submersion was developed to support coastal management in sea-level rise conditions over the next decades. After that, a multi-temporal mathematical model of coastal submersion was implemented in a Matlab environment. Finally, the effects of the relative sea-level rise on the coastal surface prone to submersion, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Reports (AR) 5 Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6 and RCP 8.5 scenarios, were evaluated up to 2100.
Comparison of Methods for Imputing Non-Wetting Storm Surge to Improve Hazard Characterization
Authors: Shisler Matthew P. , Johnson David R.
Published: May 2020

Joint probability methods for characterizing storm surge hazards involve the use of a collection of hydrodynamic storm simulations to fit a response surface function describing the relationship between storm surge and storm parameters. However, in areas with a sufficiently low probability of flooding, few storms in the simulated storm suite may produce surge, resulting in a paucity of information for training the response surface fit. Previous approaches have replaced surge elevations for non-wetting storms with a constant value or truncated them from the response surface fitting procedure altogether. The former induces bias in predicted estimates of surge from wetting storms, and the latter can cause the model to be non-identifiable. This study compares these approaches and improves upon current methodology by introducing the concept of “pseudo-surge,” with the intent to describe how close a storm comes to producing surge at a given location. Optimal pseudo-surge values are those which produce the greatest improvement to storm surge predictions when they are used to train a response surface. We identify these values for a storm suite used to characterize surge hazard in coastal Louisiana and compare their performance to the two other methods for adjusting training data. Pseudo-surge shows potential for improving hazard characterization, particularly at locations where less than half of training storms produce surge. We also find that the three methods show only small differences in locations where more than half of training storms wet.
Health Evaluation and Risk Factor Identification of Urban Lakes—A Case Study of Lianshi Lake
Authors: Su Wei , Wu Jiapeng , Zhu Bei , Chen Kaiqi , Peng Wenqi , Hu Baoyue
Published: May 2020

Health assessment and risk factor identification represent the premise and foundation of scientific management and ecological restoration of urban lakes. Based on in-depth understanding of the nature–society duality of urban lakes, a framework for evaluating urban lake health was constructed, including four modules, namely, establishing an index system; determining the index weight; identifying risk factors; and a comprehensive lake health evaluation. Employing this framework, we evaluated Lianshi Lake, Beijing, classifying the lake condition as “sub-healthy”. Based on the evaluation data, we identified the health risk factors of the lake. We applied standard difference rate (SDR) and risk degree (Rd) (safe degree (Sd)) concepts, and classified the indices of risk areas employing the Pareto analysis method. Finally, we identified the lake residence period, landscape connectivity, and eutrophication as the major risk factors in Lianshi Lake. Three factors constitute the basis of ecosystem health and are key targets of ecological restoration: the lake residence period represents the hydrological and hydrodynamic characteristics of the lake; landscape connectivity is described from an ecological perspective, and represents the integrity of the lake ecosystem; and the eutrophication states describe the water quality characteristics and represent the availability of lake water. The results contribute to decision-making for comprehensive urban lake management.
Water Resources Management Strategies for Irrigated Agriculture in the Indus Basin of Pakistan
Authors: Muzammil Muhammad , Zahid Azlan , Breuer Lutz
Published: May 2020

Agriculture of Pakistan relies on the Indus basin, which is facing severe water scarcity conditions. Poor irrigation practices and lack of policy reforms are major threats for water and food security of the country. In this research, alternative water-saving strategies are evaluated through a high spatio-temporal water footprint (WF) assessment (1997–2016) for the Punjab and Sindh provinces, which cover an irrigated area of 17 million hectares in the Indus basin of Pakistan. The SPARE:WATER model is used as a spatial decision support tool to calculate the WF and establish alternative management plans for more sustainable water use. The average water consumption (WFarea) is estimated to 182 km3 yr−1, composed of 75% blue water (irrigation water from surface water and groundwater sources), 17% green water (precipitation) and 8% grey water (water used to remove soil salinity or dilute saline irrigation water). Sugarcane, cotton, and rice are highly water-intensive crops, which consume 57% of the annual water use. However, WFarea can be reduced by up to 35% through optimized cropping patterns of the existing crops with the current irrigation settings and even by up to 50% through the combined implementation of optimal cropping patterns and improved irrigation technologies, i.e., sprinkler and drip irrigation. We recommend that the economic impact of these water-saving strategies should be investigated in future studies to inform stakeholders and policymakers to achieve a more sustainable water policy for Pakistan.
Primary Frequency Response Improvement in Interconnected Power Systems Using Electric Vehicle Virtual Power Plants
Authors: Alhelou Hassan Haes , Siano Pierluigi , Tipaldi Massimo , Iervolino Raffaele , Mahfoud Feras
Published: May 2020

The smart grid concept enables demand-side management, including electric vehicles (EVs). Thus way, some ancillary services can be provided in order to improve the power system stability, reliability, and security. The high penetration level of renewable energy resources causes some problems to independent system operators, such as lack of primary reserve and active power balance problems. Nowadays, many countries are encouraging the use of EVs which provide a good chance to utilize them as a virtual power plant (VPP) in order to contribute to frequency event. This paper proposes a new control method to use EV as VPP for providing primary reserve in smart grids. The primary frequency reserve helps the power system operator to intercept the frequency decline and to improve the frequency response of the whole system. The proposed method calculates the electric vehicles’ primary reserve based on EVs’ information, such as the state of charge (SOC), the arriving time and the vehicle’s departure time. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified by several simulation scenarios on a real-world modern power system with different generating units, such as conventional power plants, renewable energy resources, and electric vehicles.
Matematik ve Fen Derslerine Katılım Ölçeğinin Fizik Dersi Bağlamında Türkçeye Uyarlanması
Authors: YERDELEN-DAMAR Sevda , KORUR Fikret , SAĞLAM Havva
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmada, Türk öğrencilerinin fizik dersine katılım düzeyini belirlemek için kullanılacak olan Matematik ve Fen Derslerine Katılım Ölçeği Türkçeye uyarlanmıştır. Orijinali İngilizce olan ölçek, davranışsal, duygusal, bilişsel ve sosyal katılım olmak üzere 4 boyuttan ve 33 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Ölçek, Türkçeye geri çeviri yöntemi kullanılarak ve belirli basamaklar takip edilerek uyarlanmıştır. Türkçeye çevrilen bu form, İstanbul ilindeki bir anadolu lisesinde okuyan 398 öğrenciye (215 Kız, 181 Erkek) uygulanmıştır. Ölçek, fizik dersine katılımı ölçtüğü için çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin aktif olarak fizik dersi alıp almadığına dikkat edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmaya 127 dokuzuncu sınıf öğrencisi, 117 onuncu sınıf öğrencisi ve sayısal alanda okuyan 154 on birinci sınıf öğrencisi katılmıştır. Çalışma verileri üzerinden Türkçe formun orijinal ölçeğin öngördüğü dörtlü faktör yapısına sahip olup olmadığı, Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) yapılarak test edilmiştir. Yapılan DFA, Türkçe formun orijinal ölçekteki dörtlü faktör yapısına sahip olduğunu göstererek, ölçeğin yapı geçerliği hakkında kanıt sunmuştur. Cronbach alfa güvenirlik değeri tüm ölçek ve alt boyutlar için istenilen değerlerde olmuştur. Sonuç olarak, bulgular uyarlanmış Türkçe formun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğunu desteklemektedir.
Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının Serbest Zamanlarında Yaptıkları Etkinliklerin Kişisel ve Mesleki Gelişimlerine Etkisi
Authors: ALTUNBAY Müzeyyen
Published: May 2020

Serbest zaman, zorunlu olan faaliyetlerden (beslenme, uyku, çalışma vb.) arta kalan zaman olarak değerlendirilir. Çalışma ne kadar önemliyse insanın fiziksel ve zihinsel olarak dinlenebilmesi de o kadar önemlidir. Serbest zamanlarda yapılan faaliyetler; kişinin yaşam enerjisini ve motivasyonunu yükseltir, kendini geliştirmesine imkân sağlar. Bu çalışmada üniversite öğrencilerinin serbest zaman algılarından hareketle bu zaman dilimlerinde yaptıkları etkinliklerin belirlenmesi ve bu etkinliklerin öğrencilerin kişisel/mesleki gelişimlerine olası etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak üniversite öğrencilerine “Serbest Zaman Değerlendirme Anketi” uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini, 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında öğrenim gören 75, 1. sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Öğretmen adaylarının serbest zaman algılarının farklılık gösterdiği, yapılan etkinliklerin ise şehrin ve üniversitenin imkânlarına bağlı olarak değiştiği araştırma sonuçlarından bazılarıdır.
Öğretmen Motivasyonu Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi
Authors: AKAN Durdağı , KILIÇ Muhammet Emre
Published: May 2020

Öğretmenlerin ihtiyaçlarının, hedeflerinin ve inançlarının öğretmen motivasyonun oluşmasında öncüller olduğu gözlenmektedir. Bu kapsamda araştırmada öğretmen motivasyon ölçeği (ÖMÖ) geliştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırma 2017-2018 akademik yılında Erzurum merkez ilçe okullarında görev yapan iki farklı öğretmen grubu ile yürütülmüştür. Yapı geçerliği kapsamında 365 katılımcıdan alınan verilerle ölçeğin faktör yapısını belirlemek için açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) yapılmıştır. Bunun devamında 255 kişiden oluşan ikinci gruptan alınan verilerle açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarında elde edilen verileri doğrulamak için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) yapılmıştır. Öğretmen motivasyon ölçeğinde toplam 5 faktör ve 18 madde vardır. Ölçeğin iç tutarlığı belirlemek için Cronbach Alfa analiziyle hesaplanmıştır. Bu araştırma ile öğretmenlerin motivasyon düzeylerini belirlemek üzere kullanılacak bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir.
Dinamik Geometri Yazılımları Kullanımının Matematik Öğretmeni Adaylarının Başarılarına Etkisi ve Öğretim Süreci Hakkındaki Görüşleri
Authors: İLHAN Aziz , ASLANER Recep
Published: May 2020

Araştırmanın amacı, geometri öğretiminde dinamik yazılımlar kullanımının matematik öğretmen adaylarının başarılarına etkisini araştırmak ve adayların bu öğretim süreci hakkındaki görüşlerini almaktır. Çalışmada tek gruplu öntest-sontest deneysel desen tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmanın katılımcılarını Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde yer alan bir üniversitenin eğitim fakültesinde 2016-2017 güz döneminde seçmeli geometri öğretimi dersini alan 36 (24 bayan, 12 Erkek) matematik öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilmiş geometri başarı testi ve yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kısaca dinamik geometri yazılımları (DGY) olarak isimlendirilen bilgisayar programlarından Cabri ve GeoGebra yazılımları kullanılarak 14 haftalık deney süreci yürütülmüştür. Geometri başarı testi ön test-son test olarak uygulanmıştır. Cinsiyet değişkeni açısından matematik öğretmen adaylarının geometri başarı puanları bağımsız örneklem t-testi ile deneysel işlem neticesinde ön test-son test puan ortalamaları arasındaki farkın anlamlı olup olmadığı bağımlı gruplarda t-testi ile incelenmiş, elde edilen bulgulara ait etki büyüklüğü değerleri de hesaplanmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının öğretim süreci hakkındaki görüşlerini almak amacıyla deneysel işlemin sonunda görüş formu uygulanmış, bulgular içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, ön ve son test puanları arasında son test lehine anlamlı farklılık olduğunu, ancak bu farklılığın cinsiyet değişkeni açısından anlamlı olmadığını göstermiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının görüşlerinde ders anlatımında kullanılan dinamik yazılımlarla soyut kavramların somutlaştırması, dersin eğlenceli olması, heyecan duygusu uyandırması, cebir alt öğrenme alanında kullanılması ve anlatılan konularla günlük yaşam arasında ilişkilerin kurulması noktalarında önemli olduğu gibi olumlu görüşlerin yansıra bilgisayar kullanımından kaynaklı bazı zorlukların yaşanması gibi olumsuz görüşlerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinde Matematiğe Yönelik Duyuşsal Giriş Özellikleri İle Sayı Duyusuna Yönelik Öz Yeterlikleri İncelenmesi
Authors: SEVGİ Sevim , ALPASLAN Ayşegül
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı; ortaokul öğrencilerinin matematiğe olan duyuşsal giriş özellikleri (ilgi, tutum, akademik öz benlik (özgüven)) ile sayı duyusuna yönelik öz yeterliklerini incelemektir. Bu çalışmada betimsel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli kullanılmıştır (Yaman, 2014). Araştırma Kayseri ili Kocasinan ilçesine bağlı bir devlet ortaokuluna devam eden 7. ve 8. sınıf düzeyindeki 228 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Alkaş Ulusoy ve Şahiner (2017) tarafından geliştirilen 19 maddelik Sayı Duyusuna Yönelik Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği ve Çalışkan ve Serçe (2016) tarafından geliştirilen 20 maddeden oluşan “Matematiğe Yönelik Duyuşsal Giriş Özellikleri Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Çalışmadaki kız öğrenciler ve erkek öğrencilerin matematiğe yönelik duyuşsal giriş özellikleri puanlarının arasında anlamlı düzeyde bir fark olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Matematiğe yönelik duyuşsal giriş özellikleri ölçeğinin Cronbach α değeri 0,95 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu değer de ölçeğinin yüksek bir iç tutarlılık seviyesine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmadaki kız öğrenciler ile erkek öğrencilerin sayı duyusuna yönelik öz yeterlik puanları arasında anlamlı düzeyde bir farklılık olmadığı görülmektedir. Şubeler arasında ise anlamlı düzeyde farklılık bulunmuştur. Yapılan güvenirlik testi sonucuna göre sayı duyusuna yönelik öz yeterlik ölçeğinden ölçeğinin Cronbach α değeri 0,714 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu değer de ölçeğin yüksek bir iç tutarlılık seviyesine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.
Types of somatic rights and their legal regulation
Authors: Tchinaryan Elena Olegovna , Neznamova Alla Andreevna , Kuleshov Georgyi Nickolaevich , Lenkovskaya Renata Romanovna , Zhesterov Pavel Valerievich
Published: May 2020

The article deals with topical issues of legal recognition of a new type of human rights – somatic rights as rights that appeared in connection with the rapid development of biomedical science. This has given rise to a number of difficulties since these rights are characterized by a purely personal nature and close relationship with the physiological nature of a person. The concept of bioethics is given as an emerging social institution, the meaning of which is to regulate conflicts arising in the field of new medical technologies, on the one hand, and directly with the individual and society on the other. The purpose of this article is to consider the main types of somatic rights, their characteristics and definition, as well as some normative legal acts on the regulation of this type of legal relations in Russia and abroad.
Human rights are not a fixed category. Human rights standards have historically emerged, changed and developed in the process of development of society and statehood. Legal constructions characterizing a person as a subject of law with an inherent set of rights, duties, and freedoms were formed at each historical stage in the development of human rights and freedoms. The institute of human rights is in constant development, aimed at expanding the number of rights and freedoms, as well as improving existing ones. Currently, law enforcement agencies do not have the task of expanding existing rights and freedoms. An important point in the development of the last generation of the institute of human rights is to ensure and guarantee the protection of human and citizen. Human rights must be realized in accordance with modern ideas, the current level of development of society, the new challenges they face and the new requirements of democratic development. Theoretical approaches in the field of somatic rights classification, as well as international legal and national regulation of this problem, are investigated using the system, structural and functional methods.
Inadmissibility of Evidence in Criminal Proceedings in Ukraine
Authors: Ponomarenko Alla Vasylivna , Havryliuk Liudmyla Volodymyrivna , Anheleniuk Anna-Mariia Yuriivna , Drozd Valentyna Georgievna
Published: May 2020

The aim of the article is to analyze the problematic aspects of finding evidence inadmissible in criminal proceedings, as well as to formulate, according to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine (CCP of Ukraine) and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), proposals for elimination of existing shortcomings on the issue raised.
In the article used general scientific and special methods that enable to obtain scientifically sound conclusions and proposals. In particular, scientific methods, such as dialectical, comparative-legal, system-structural, modelling, abstraction, generalization and logical, are applied.
The problematic issues of the procedure for finding evidence inadmissible in the criminal proceedings of Ukraine are studied. The significant violations and shortcomings in collecting evidence by the pre-trial investigation bodies are under focus. The authors clarify grounds for the inadmissibility of evidence and the types of inadmissible evidence. The analysis of investigative practice and case-law enables to conclude that a violation in taking one piece of evidence in criminal proceedings may lead to finding a number of other pieces of evidence inadmissible (the doctrine of the fruit of the poisonous tree). The authors argue that the court should be proactive in resolving the issue of inadmissibility of evidence either on its own motion or on the motion by parties to criminal proceedings. The utilization of the case law of the ECHR in national law application activities are analyzed from legal perspective. The study establishes that ratio decidendi of the ECHR with regard to finding evidence inadmissible is that the issue of its inadmissibility is subject to regulation at the level of national law. The assessment of inadmissibility of evidence is the responsibility of national courts, and the ECHR is obliged to ensure that the means of taking evidence are fair.
Development and implementation of special seminar “Innovative pedagogical technologies”
Authors: Makarenko Juliya V. , Osadchaya Irina V. , Anisimova Lyudmila S. , Vaganova Olga I. , Rudenko Irina V.
Published: May 2020

Taking into account modern requirements to teacher’s personality in primary education, his knowledge of innovative pedagogical technologies’ essence as well as knowledge of methodology,  relevance of the search for ways to improve the content and forms of future primary school teachers’ training has been revealed. One of the solutions to this problem can be introduction of a special seminar aimed at improving the level of innovative and technological competence of future teachers in primary education into the system of vocational training. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the conceptual and methodological significance of a special seminar "Innovative pedagogical technologies" as well as to describe process of diagnosing effectiveness of the developed special seminar. The aim of the research is achieved through the application of such theoretical and empirical methods of scientific knowledge as method of pedagogical diagnostics, methodical system modeling, method of pedagogical forecasting, analysis of results, synthesis of the results of experimental research. Based on the use of these methods, the main theoretical aspects of a special seminar development are presented, the components of its content and structure are reflected and the stages of testing effectiveness of the developed special seminar are described. The scientific novelty of the research is justified by the development of the conceptual foundations and content of the special seminar "Innovative pedagogical technologies", intended for use in the training of future primary school teachers, indicating methodological aspects of its implementation, as well as the development of a diagnostic system to test its effectiveness in the educational process of the University.
Modeling of production processes in rural areas: management and development effectiveness
Authors: Mukhin Alexei А. , Konina Elena A. , Gorbushina Natalia V. , Latysheva Anna I.
Published: May 2020

In the modern economy, the process of studying independent and alternative approaches to studying a business (organization) is happening more and more. Such alternative approaches of today include: “neoclassical theory”, “theory of transaction costs” (theory of specific assets), “theory of incomplete contracts” (theory of property rights), and also “agent theory” (theory of incentives). Such integrated systems and approaches of economics and management as “resource theory”, “knowledge theory”, “strategic theory”, “entrepreneurial theory”, “network theory”, “theory of resource dependence”, “theory of institutional isomorphism”, “theory of situational choice", "The theory of strategic choice" is currently promising and relevant. The article discusses the basic model of neoclassical theory. The main superiority of this theory is expressed in the fact that it predetermines the technological component as a whole as an economy in the broad sense of the understanding and depends on the scale of activity of the economic entity. Moreover, this theory provides for the reflection of savings in the activities of an economic entity, taking into account the scale of activity and business processes (factors) that characterize the volume of production and turnover of organizations. In the framework of the approach under consideration, a certain macrostructure is determined that incurs costs of economic resources: fixed assets, the number of employees that affect the turnover of organizations. The rational management task that the Udmurt Republic encounters is to determine the forecast for the turnover of organizations for given resources and in calculating the fixed assets necessary for its value and the number of employees. It was revealed that the rural economy of Udmurtia has a negligible effect on the scale of resources, since with a simultaneous increase in labor and capital by 1%, the turnover of organizations increases by 1.82%, and the final product is most dependent on the state of the workforce, as the current state the equipment used is in critical condition in terms of wear and efficiency.
Experience of Foreign Countries on Exercising Departmental Control over the Activities of Judges and the Possibility of Its Application in Ukraine
Authors: Inshyn Mykola Ivanovich , Pchelina Oksana Vasilievna , Yamnenko Tatiana Mikhailovna , Tatarenko Hаlyna Viktorivna
Published: May 2020

The objective of the article is to study the positive experience of foreign countries in exercising departmental control over the activities of judges and to identify possible ways of its application in Ukraine.
While writing the article the author has used general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition, namely: systematic, comparative and legal, functional and documentary analysis.
Based on the analysis of scientific sources the author has studied the experience of the UK, France, Poland, Asian in exercising departmental control over the activities of judges. It has been determined that quite different approaches have been currently developed in Europe regarding the exercise of departmental control over the activities of judges, which is conditioned by the specifics of the legal systems of countries in general and the judicial system in particular. At the same time, despite the presence of certain differences, this does not exclude the possibility of applying the relevant positive foreign experience in our country.
Based on the results of the conducted research, the following has been suggested, taking into account international experience in exercising departmental control over the activities of judges: a) to optimize the system of entities, which are authorized to exercise control over the activity in the specified sphere; b) to create a legislative base for exercising departmental control over the activities of judges, in particular by developing and adopting a single legal act in this area; c) to strengthen the supervision over the courts while maintaining the limits of the independence of judges; d) to expand the financial and logistical support of the entities of departmental control; e) to create organizational and legal conditions, where judges will in no way be able to influence the departmental control; f) to develop a clear and understandable system for evaluating the performance of judges.
The Soft Uprising: China and Russia's attempt to break out of the global financial system
Authors: Kilani Ahmad , Ghaboura Mostafa , Abou Zahr Diaz Malik Ashmoon , Abou Zahr Diaz Montaser Hamed
Published: May 2020

This paper sheds the light on the ongoing conflict between the two global powerhouses, the United States, and the Sino-Russian agreement, and how the latter is challenging the US economic hegemony by attempting to change the world’s financial system. To better discuss this struggle, this paper will review the historical development of the financial system, its risks and challenges, the position of Russia and China in the current system, their motivations for the breaking out, and then decide whether this breakout is possible under the current circumstances. In order to do that, this study examines the Russian-American relationship, and the Chinese-American relationship to understand the differences and how each country functions toward the other. This paper will rely on neutral studies in an attempt to explain the reasons of this uprising. In addition, this study shows that either China, or Russia alone can challenge the United States hegemony, in fact, the Chinese economic power depend on the Russian political influence and vice versa. In the current moment, the Russian-Chinese alliance is not able to break out from the American hegemony as long as the dollar is still used as the global currency.
Investigation of Crimes Committed By Members of Youth Informal Groups
Authors: Larkin Mikhail , Dudorov Olexandr , Pyrozhkova Yuliia , Dudorova Kateryna , Biryukova Alina
Published: May 2020

The deterioration of the criminal situation in Ukraine makes it necessary to intensify the work of law enforcement agencies to combat crime. In particular, there is a need to improve the investigation methods of certain types of crimes. This category of crimes includes crimes committed by members of youth informal groups.The object of the study was public relations in the field of investigation of crimes committed by members of youth informal groups. As a result of the study, the features of proposing a version of the involvement of members of a youth informal group in criminal activity are considered. Initial investigative (search) actions are determined, which serve as the basis for verifying the indicated version. When working on the article, special literature was analyzed devoted to the study of various aspects of the activities of youth informal groups, criminal associations, the fight against crime, the investigation of group crimes, etc.In addition, such scientific methods as observation, analysis, synthesis, and generalization were used. The authors used a combination of methods of scientific knowledge, which together allowed them to achieve the stated results of the study. Among other, the methods of analysis, synthesis, extrapolation, generalization method were used.The empirical basis of the study was the materials of the investigation of crimes committed by members of youth informal groups and associations.
Implementation of the patient's right to obtain information in the concept “health and human rights”
Authors: Shevchuk Oleksandr , Kucheryavenko Mykola , Davydenko Svitlana , Babaieva Oleksandra
Published: May 2020

The article explores the features of legal regulation of patient’s right to access information in the medical activity field.
The reasons for violation of saving of information about patient’s health are the lack of knowledge of law and no understanding the harm that caused if patient’s confidentiality is violated. The analysis of medical confidentiality content, lawful disclosure cases, the conditions and procedure for its legal support. Subjects who received information constituting a medical secret don`t have right to disclose it, legal liability is provided for such norms violation. The medical confidentiality concept and the group of subjects of such legal relations is established.
The purpose of the article is to determine the peculiarities of realization of patients’ right to access information in the medical activity field and its protection ways when studying the “health and human rights” concept.
Comparative legal and comparative methods were used when studying legislative acts governing the preservation by persons who received information constituting medical secrecy and legal cases of their disclosure. The formal logical method was used to differentiate “medical secret” and “professional secret”. Modeling, analysis and synthesis methods helped to identify the legal basis for protecting the patient`s rights when receiving information about their health, legal responsibility types for its disclosure. The results of this work have determined the legislation of legal problems that arise when patients’ rights to receive reliable information about their health aren`t respected and require immediate resolution.
The impact of success factors on the strategic management in an educational complex
Authors: Baltabayeva Zhaniyat B. , Sautieva Fatima B. , Skorobogatova Anna G. , Mamatelashvili Olga V.
Published: May 2020

The most important topics that have attracted attention in recent decades have been changes and transformations in education. The purpose of this study is an analytical analysis of the factors of strategic management in the field of education in the Customs Union countries, using the example of Russia and Kazakhstan. Over the past two decades, the education system of the Customs Union countries has been reorganized from education management to strategic management that focuses on the future. The authors prove that an integrated and dynamic global market in the context of a pandemic is transforming the field of education. The article analyzes the interacting elements of the educational system, since they have a cumulative effect. The work has the character of a description, the methodological aspects of the study are determined by the aspects of institutional trust in social institutions, social management, the relevance and importance of institutional trust for the effective functioning of the social institution of education, the factors that significantly affect the formation of institutional trust are considered. The authors propose to consider strategic management as the driving force of innovative programs in education with an emphasis on human resources. The authors prove on extensive material that strategic management reduces the risks of educational organizations and transforms them into new fields of opportunities.
Information space of a higher school based on mobile technologies
Authors: Nagovitsyn Roman Sergeevich , Bartosh Dana Kazimirovna , Evtushenko Ilya Vladimirovich , Neverova Nataliya Viktorovna
Published: May 2020

This article presents the author’s vision of the content of the information space based on mobile technologies, which includes three synergistically interconnected areas: mobile Internet training, chat training and education based on mobile applications in the format of audio and video training. The purpose of the study: to develop the information space of a higher school based on mobile technologies and experimentally prove the effectiveness of its implementation in the training of students. The scientific novelty of the author’s research lies in the originality of the approach to the formation and further diagnosis of students' information competencies based on the implementation of mobile learning. The study developed informational competencies of students in the following groups: overall cultural, overall professional and professional. The results of the study are statistically proven (p<0.05) through an increase in the level of students' competencies in their informational education and independence when choosing an educational route through interactive and mobile technologies.