bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The basis of bacteriological safety in the neonatal intensive care unit (literature review)
Authors: Shakirova Ksenia P. , Ivanov Mikhail M. , Gaeva Alexandra I.
Published: January 2025

Background. According to world statistics, 7% of patients out of 100 in high-income countries and 15% of patients out of 100 in low- and middle-income countries develop infections related to medical care. As follows from the report of the World Health Organization, one in four cases of hospital sepsis that occurred in the intensive care unit is caused by hospital strains. On average, one in ten of these patients has a hospital-acquired infection that is fatal. The high-risk group includes patients in intensive care units, including newborns. In 2023, 28973 cases of neonatal infections (including intrauterine infection) were registered in medical organizations of the Russian Federation. The highest rates of neonatal morbidity were recorded in the Sverdlovsk Region (42.2%), the Trans-Baikal Territory (33.0%), the Novosibirsk Region (26.0%), the Chelyabinsk Region (22.4%), the Krasnoyarsk Territory (21.8%) and the Irkutsk Region (21.3%). Thus, infection prevention and control strategies aimed at both patients and their environment are of paramount importance in neonatal intensive care units.

Objective. To summarize current relevant data on the prevention of hospital infections in neonatal intensive care units.

Materials and methods. A literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE database (PubMed) as of December 2024 using keywords and a filter: randomized controlled trial, meta-analysis, systematic review.

Results. This review summarizes the main data on the prevention of hospital infections in neonatal intensive care units. According to the literature, ensuring bacteriological safety in relation to the development of hospital infections depends on many factors: hand hygiene of medical personnel, organization of venous access control, disinfection of medical equipment and premises, compliance with the rules of asepsis and antiseptics when performing invasive manipulations, the introduction of modern approaches in the care of premature infants.

Conclusion. There are many tasks in the intensive care unit that require innovative strategies to ensure the safe care of premature newborns. Joint efforts to standardize the processing of specialized equipment, maintain the cleanliness of the environment, comply with vascular access care protocols, adequate hand hygiene, and the active introduction of parents into newborn care are an integral part of the program aimed at preventing nosocomial infections. Active cooperation between the neonatal intensive care unit and the epidemiological service of the institution will allow us to develop a rational policy for risk management and monitoring of hospital infections.
Fetal growth restriction: features of anamnesis, outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth
Authors: Syundyukova Elena G. , Tikhonova Tatyana E. , Uzlova Tatyana V. , Diner Natalia M. , Ryabikina Maria G. , Filippova Natalia A. , Yakovleva Yulia A. , Tarasova Lyudmila B.
Published: January 2025

Background. Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a serious medical and social problem, which is associated with high perinatal morbidity and mortality, as well as long-term consequences for offspring. To date, there are no absolute instrumental tests for accurately predicting the condition of the fetus, which justifies the relevance of this study.

Objective. To study the features of the anamnesis, the course of pregnancy, and the outcome of childbirth in women with fetal growth restriction.

Materials and methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a continuous sample of 200 women who were delivered at the Clinic of the South Ural State Medical University (Chelyabinsk) in 2022. All the women were divided into two groups: group 1 - 30 women with FGR, group 2  - 170 women without FGR. The outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth were studied (the results were obtained by means of a questionnaire, analysis of medical documentation: the book of a pregnant woman, the history of childbirth).

Results. There was a low effectiveness of the prognosis of FGR both according to the results of the analysis of anamnestic risk factors and according to laboratory and instrumental screening programs at 11-13,6 weeks of gestation. A low percentage of coverage with drug prevention was registered in the high-risk group of FGR (55%). We found that FGR is associated with other placental disorders, which more often began in the second trimester with changes in uterine and fetal blood flow and progressed as the gestation period increased. Fetal growth restriction is associated with severe preeclampsia, high incidence of premature birth, cesarean section, hypotrophy and severe asphyxia of newborns.

Conclusion. The absence of significant anamnestic risk factors, the low effectiveness of predicting fetal growth retardation based on the results of programmatic screening at 11-13,6 weeks require the development of new modern methods for predicting pathology. Research should focus on the development of new fetal diagnostic tools that can improve the accuracy of predicting critical fetal conditions, as well as on the introduction of innovative therapeutic measures aimed at improving placental hemodynamics, which will further optimize the timing of delivery.
Streptococcus agalactiae in neonatology: detection strategies
Authors: Amineva Polina G. , Voroshilina Ekaterina S. , Starkov Vadim Yu. , Dodrov Dmitry S.
Published: January 2025

Background. Group B streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae, SGV) remains the main cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis, despite a marked decrease due to the use of intranatal antibiotic prophylaxis. At the same time, delays in the detection and treatment of neonatal infections can cause serious consequences and, in some cases, the death of a newborn, on the other hand, unnecessary use of antibiotics also has harmful consequences (changes in the normal microbiota of a newborn, the development of antimicrobial resistance, etc.). At the same time, laboratories are constantly faced with the task of improving diagnostic approaches for the rapid and correct identification of newborns with infection.

The purpose of the study. To analyze the effectiveness, efficiency and timing of the results of bacteriological examination in neonatal sepsis and meningitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae to determine the best diagnostic strategy.

Material and methods. In the period from January to November 2024, the case histories of 10 newborns with positive hemoculture for Streptococcus agalactiae were analyzed. Blood samples were taken under aseptic conditions according to the standard protocol. The identification of microorganisms was carried out by 2 methods: 1 — by standard subcultivation on nutrient cups and 2 — directly from positive vials using MALDI-TOF MS technology on a Vitek MS analyzer (BioMerieux, France) using the in-house method.

Results. The average time from the moment of sampling to placement in the hemocultivation device (A) was 13.1±7.4 hours, the average growth time of the microorganism, i.e., to a positive signal (B) was 6.7± 3.0, the average time for identification of the pathogen from a blood vial (C) was 20.2±13.1, the average sample turnover time in the laboratory (from the collection of the material to the issuance of the identification result to the clinician — D) was 42.0 ± 12.0 hours. When using the accelerated identification method directly from a positive vial, the average time C was 12.5 hours, D — 36.3 hours.

Conclusions. The use of an accelerated technique for the cultural detection of OHS in hemocultures of newborn children allowed to reduce the time of identification of the pathogen in a positive blood culture by 17.5 hours from 30 hours to 12.5 (more than 2 times), and the total time from obtaining the biomaterial to making a decision by the attending physician was reduced by 14 hours (from 50 hours to 36), i.e. almost 1.5 times.
Legal Protection for Consumers in Online Buying and Selling Transactions According to Positive Law in Indonesia
Authors: Yulinda Kiki , Tiara Dora , Mene Meydianto
Published: January 2025

Law Number 8 of 1999 addressing Consumer Protection is specifically delineated through Government Regulation (PP) Number 71 of 2019, which pertains to the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions. Conventional business transaction modalities are categorized as electronic transactions, which are defined as legal actions executed via computers, computer networks, and/or alternative electronic media. The transactional framework facilitated by internet technology renders numerous advantages, both for vendors and consumers, as this system possesses inherent benefits that provide enhanced convenience, rapidity, and efficiency. Consequently, it is not unexpected that the current proliferation of internet utilization grounded in electronic commerce (commonly denoted as e-commerce) is experiencing swift growth, notably within the Indonesian context. This advancement simplifies the process for individuals and enterprises to engage in a diverse array of business transactions, particularly in the realm of trade.
Racionalidade econômica na interpretação dos negócios jurídicos contratuais
Authors: Pavan Vitor Ottoboni , Pinheiro Rosalice Fidalgo
Published: January 2025

O artigo tem por objetivo indicar um significado conforme a boa-fé para o cânone hermenêutico previsto no inciso V do § 1º do art. 113 do Código Civil, incluído pela Lei de Liberdade Econômica. Utiliza o método dedutivo e a análise bibliográfica. Compreende que a Economia pode interagir com o Direito como um ferramental útil no processo de interpretação dos negócios jurídicos contratuais, desde que filtrada pela linguagem jurídica e conformada axiologicamente. Conclui que o cânone hermenêutico estudado orienta à verificação em concreto de um sentido que direcione as partes de modo cooperativo à realização da finalidade do negócio e tutele a confiança reciprocamente depositada por elas, observando as razões econômico-sociais do contrato
O contributo da Análise Econômica do Direito para o processo administrativo previdenciário
Authors: Tavares Marcelo Leonardo , Waldrich Rafael Schmidt
Published: January 2025

O objetivo do presente artigo é aplicar critérios da Análise Econômica do Direito para verificar a eficiência na obtenção de decisão final no procedimento administrativo previdenciário, em prazo razoável e respeitando o devido processo legal. Defende a utilização de parâmetros de natureza econômica empenhados em colaborar para a gestão do processo previdenciário sob o trinômio despesa pública-tempo-decisão
O Tesouro Nacional como cliente bancário: definição, justificativa e fundamentos jurídicos do regime de conta única
Authors: Nascimento Leandro Maciel do
Published: January 2025

O trabalho aborda um dos aspectos mais importantes do Direito Financeiro brasileiro: a Conta Única do Tesouro Nacional. Trata-se de instrumento de gestão de caixa, por meio do qual as receitas e despesas do Governo Federal são geridas de modo centralizado e sob custódia do Banco Central. É tema relacionado à eficiência na gestão do orçamento público, à redução dos custos do financiamento, ao controle inflacionário, à transparência e à responsabilidade. Na primeira parte, são apresentados conceitos, características e abrangência do regime de conta única. Na segunda parte, aborda-se o caso brasileiro. São expostos os fundamentos jurídicos e sua evolução normativa. Em seguida, é apontado o regramento jurídico dos fluxos de recebimentos e pagamentos. Embora a conta seja única, há segregação de recursos em subcontas. São apresentados os saldos e os valores da remuneração das disponibilidades da União nos últimos anos, bem como a natureza desvinculada de tais receitas
O espaço deliberativo nas audiências públicas das comissões permanentes da Câmara dos Deputados
Authors: Macedo Sílvia Mugnatto
Published: January 2025

Trabalho sobre as funções das audiências públicas da Câmara dos Deputados fundado numa discussão entre a teoria deliberativa e a teoria do novo institucionalismo. Elaborou-se um banco de dados com informações sobre todas as audiências das comissões permanentes realizadas em três anos selecionados. Entre os convidados preponderam autoridades do Poder Executivo. A motivação principal para as audiências é justamente a fiscalização desse Poder. Apenas 20% dos temas discutidos em audiências são relativos a projetos em tramitação, mas outras características deliberativas dessas discussões públicas são ressaltadas
Constituição, Constituinte exclusiva e reforma do sistema representativo: procedimentos, veto players e mudanças constitucionais
Authors: Carvalho Valter Rodrigues de
Published: January 2025

O artigo analisa a proposta de uma Assembleia Constituinte exclusiva como meio de realizar a reforma da representação política no Brasil. Conclui-se que reforma por essa via é questionável tanto quanto à constitucionalidade quanto à possibilidade de êxito em forjar instituições dotadas de conteúdo qualitativamente superior às criadas pelo constituinte reformador. É equivocado supor que contexto e regras eleitorais que elegeriam uma Constituinte exclusiva levariam ao poder representantes virtuosos, magnânimos e de racionalidade desinteressada, se comparadas ao contexto e às regras que elegem legisladores ordinários. Conclui-se também que as propostas de reformas apresentam dois modelos alternativos: a representação proporcional de lista fechada e a representação distrital mista. Os dois modelos gerariam maiores incentivos à responsabilização dos representantes e à construção de coalizão, mas a primeira teria maior probabilidade de êxito por ser uma reforma incremental
Aspectos processuais penais da garantia da não autoincriminação nas Convenções Americana e Europeia de Direitos Humanos
Authors: Cesca Brenno Gimenes
Published: January 2025

Neste artigo pesquisam-se os principais aspectos processuais penais da garantia contra a autoincriminação nas Convenções Americana e Europeia de Direitos Humanos. Após breve histórico dessa garantia e sua previsão nesses diplomas, investiga-se seu conteúdo processual penal essencial relacionado ao interrogatório do acusado e à obtenção e produção de provas dependentes do concurso do imputado. Na sequência, procede-se ao estudo de julgados da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos e da Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos, e à sua análise comparativa. Apresentam-se, por fim, as conclusões do estudo
Por uma atuação eficaz do Estado contra o etarismo laboral
Authors: Lellis Lelio Maximino
Published: January 2025

A discriminação fundada na idade para o acesso e a permanência no trabalho é ofensiva aos direitos humanos. Agrava o quadro a inexistência de tratado internacional ou de lei brasileira que proteja globalmente o cidadão do etarismo laboral. O tema clama por uma atuação eficaz do Estado contra a discriminação de idade no contexto do trabalho. O artigo questiona a importância e os aspectos dessa atuação a constar em lei. A hipótese sugere a necessidade de política pública e de sanções que protejam a isonomia etária no contexto trabalhista. O objetivo consiste em propor lei sobre a atuação estatal com a indicação de elementos protetores contra a discriminação etária laboral. Utiliza-se o método hipotético-dedutivo e a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica. Os resultados apontam a necessidade de lei que traga uma política pública para a educação e o implemento de ações afirmativas, além de sanções estimuladoras do tratamento laboral isonômico
Interesse positivo e negativo como mecanismo de aferição do dano reparável no Direito brasileiro
Authors: Staut Maria Gabriela
Published: January 2025

A pesquisa analisa se é possível reconhecer o interesse positivo e o interesse negativo como instrumentos úteis à adequada quantificação do dano indenizável e como o intérprete deve atuar, à luz da metodologia civil-constitucional na atual fase da pós-constitucionalização, para garantir mais segurança e previsibilidade aos contratantes. Para isso, parte-se do método hipotético-dedutivo e utiliza-se o procedimento bibliográfico. Como resultado, são apontadas algumas críticas e soluções para que a indenização do interesse positivo e do negativo não seja rechaçada de plano pelo julgador, sem a necessária análise do caso concreto
As indicações no Congresso Nacional: uma comparação entre a Câmara dos Deputados e o Senado Federal na 56ª Legislatura
Authors: Araújo Paulo Magalhães
Published: January 2025

Trata-se de estudo comparado sobre a produção de indicações por deputados e senadores. Antigo na Câmara dos Deputados, o uso das indicações no Senado Federal para a interlocução com o governo data de 2019. O objetivo é avaliar o uso desse instrumento legislativo em ambas as Casas, com base em teorias sobre representação e produção legislativa. O método analítico é quali-quantitativo, esteado no levantamento e na categorização das indicações produzidas nas duas Casas na 56ª Legislatura. Com isso, busca-se avaliar duas hipóteses elementares: a primeira prevê que, dados os incentivos institucionais do sistema político-eleitoral, as indicações são largamente utilizadas para propor medidas distributivas de impacto local; a segunda presume que os parlamentares governistas são mais ativos, em virtude da relação que constroem com o governo. As hipóteses foram parcialmente confirmadas para a Câmara, mas não para o Senado. Conclusões mais sólidas só podem vir com o tempo, em vista do aumento do volume das indicações produzidas no Senado
O Senado na Constituição de 1934: uma análise do surgimento do instituto da coordenação dos Poderes
Authors: Matos Nelson Juliano Cardoso , Moura Júnior Carlos Alberto da Silva
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho tem o fim de verificar como se deu o processo político-constitucional que desaguou na Constituição de 1934 e que atribuiu ao Senado a função de coordenar os Poderes. Objetiva, desse modo, responder ao seguinte questionamento: o que fez surgir a alternativa constitucional de conferir ao Senado essa função de coordenação dos Poderes? Põe-se em exame quem foi o autor intelectual, qual fonte teórica subsidiou a escolha e como o debate político naquele contexto interferiu na configuração do instituto. A metodologia utilizada consistiu numa pesquisa bibliográfica de revisão de literatura e, principalmente, documental, baseada nas atas da Comissão do Itamaraty, bem como nos anais da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte. Concluiu-se que o instituto representou uma alternativa conciliadora, apresentada por Juarez Távora e inspirada na obra de Alberto Torres, para garantir a manutenção do Senado no novo regime
O abuso de poder nas eleições: considerações para mudanças no novo Código eleitoral
Authors: Siqueira Cláudio Drewes José de
Published: January 2025

Em andamento no Congresso Nacional, o projeto de lei complementar do Código eleitoral objetiva fazer modificações importantes no sistema eleitoral. Contudo, carece de uma abordagem mais clara acerca das diferentes formas de abuso de poder, fenômeno que prejudica a integridade do sistema e, consequentemente, afeta a lisura e o resultado das eleições. O artigo tem por escopo elaborar uma definição mínima de abuso de poder, com base em sua proximidade com o abuso de direito, expondo aspectos comuns a ambas as figuras jurídicas, bem como examinar as diversas modalidades de abuso de poder praticadas no âmbito do processo eleitoral com o propósito de contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento do texto em tramitação
O Direito sem respeito às regras
Authors: Almeida Guilherme da Franca Couto Fernandes de , Leite Fábio Carvalho , Assis Rodolfo
Published: January 2025

Neste artigo, apresentam-se os resultados de duas pesquisas quantitativas observacionais realizadas no Tribunal de Justiça do Rio de Janeiro. Com elas, investigaram-se processos envolvendo casos regulados pelo art. 20 do Código civil e pelo art. 19 do Marco civil da internet. Os resultados revelam que os juízes quase não mencionam esses dispositivos, mesmo em situações nas quais eles claramente se aplicam. Argumenta-se que esses resultados sinalizam uma atitude generalizada de desrespeito às regras primárias, o que torna o Direito brasileiro atípico do ponto de vista conceitual. Por fim, defende-se que, sob a perspectiva normativa, essa atipicidade é indesejável
PEMBERDAYAAN WIRAUSAHA MUDA DALAM BERKREATIVITAS DAN INOVASI UNTUK MEMBANGUN KEMANDIRIAN EKONOMI PADA MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN GANTI, KECAMATAN BANAWA INDUK
Authors: Saikim Rifaldi A. , Nurjannah Nurmin , Muhaimin Rafli , Hatib Aniva , S Asrayanti S , Yumai Lisda
Published: January 2025

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan wirausaha muda di Kelurahan Ganti, Kecamatan Banawa Induk, Kabupaten Donggala. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi langsung, dan dokumentasi. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini, fokus diberikan pada peningkatan keterampilan dan pengetahuan para wirausaha muda melalui program sosialisasi dan pendampingan. Kolaborasi dengan berbagai pihak seperti pemerintah daerah, lembaga pendidikan, dan pelaku usaha sukses diharapkan dapat menciptakan ekosistem yang mendukung pertumbuhan wirausaha muda. Beberapa UMKM yang menjadi contoh pengabdian, seperti usaha Soko Panggang, menunjukkan keuntungan yang signifikan dan potensi untuk mengembangkan ekonomi lokal. Selain itu, pengabdian juga dilakukan dengan sosialisasi kepada siswa SD dan SMP di Kelurahan Ganti, dengan tema menabung dan berwirausaha sejak dini. Hasil dari pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberdayaan wirausaha muda dapat mendorong terbentuknya kemandirian ekonomi dan mengurangi angka pengangguran. Melalui peningkatan keterampilan teknis dan manajerial, generasi muda di Kelurahan Ganti dapat lebih kreatif dan inovatif dalam menjalankan usaha mereka, yang pada akhirnya berkontribusi pada kesejahteraan masyarakat setempat.
Kata Kunci: Perdayaan UMKM, Kreatifitas dan Inovasi, Kemandirian Ekonomi
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE INDUCED-URBAN FLOODING ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: BAMIDELE JULIUS, OLUWAFEMI  , RICHARD KOTTER
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on the effects of climate change on urban flooding in Lokoja Nigeria, which lies at the confluence of the two major rivers in Nigeria; Niger and Benue and therefore is vulnerable to flooding as a result of a changing precipitation pattern. The study focuses on three main objectives: assessing the rainfall characteristics, assessing the current and possible flood mitigation measures and assessing the social economic and environmental effects of flooding in Lokoja. Through quantitative means, the study relied on secondary climate data obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency for the period between 1988 and 2022 and primary data obtained from an online survey of residents of the most flood-prone neighbourhoods. Trend analysis was conducted to analyse rainfall data, multiple regression was used to determine environmental and socio-economic impact of flooding and statistical method was used to evaluate adaptive measures. The study establishes that climate change has led to an increased and more frequent occurrence of rainfall which consequently has led to increased flooding in Lokoja. The study also shows that poor infrastructure particularly drainage systems make the area more prone to floods. Therefore, residents’ experiences reveal the importance of developing flood resistance cities, reliable Warnings, and Community-Based Adaptation. Thus, the study highlights the need to improve the capacity of Lokoja to adapt to climate-induced urban flooding and presents findings that can be useful for other flood affected areas of the world.
EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR ENHANCING EFFICIENCY IN THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY WITHIN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: GOODLUCK OGHOGHO OKOTIE  , DR. JENNIFER LI
Published: January 2025

The construction industry is the largest consumer of raw materials and the largest generator of waste all over the world making it vulnerable to sustainability challenges. This research aims at establishing how blockchain (BC) and smart contract (SC) could improve circular economy strategies in construction industries. The research method used in the study is quantitative and data was collected through an online survey of 134 construction industry professionals from different countries with the most from the United Kingdom and Australia. The results of the study show that there is great potential for the enhancement of resource efficiency and efficiency of waste management within the construction sector through the adoption of BC and SC technologies but these are constrained by the following challenges. These are high infrastructure costs, lack of digital skills, and issues to do with security. The study recognises financial stability, organisational management, and government support as enablers in the adoption of the technology. Thus, the study enriches the existing body of knowledge by presenting a holistic view of the role of digital technologies in enabling circular economy in construction. The paper provides the concrete suggestions to the representatives of the tourism industry, stressing the need for the staged implementation strategies, sufficient technical support, and cooperation with other industries. This study provides evidence that despite the barriers, the benefits of adopting BC and SC technologies in construction circular economy practises are compelling enough to warrant implementation, given the right enabling environment.
LAND REFORMS AND RESOURCE-BASED CONFLICTS MANAGEMENT
Authors: ADEPOJU, OLUSOLA SILAS  , AUDU, HAKIM ADEMOLA  , ADEWOYIN, ISMAIL BIMPE
Published: January 2025

Land reforms play a crucial role in shaping resource-based conflicts management in regions like Lagos and Ogun States in Nigeria. This study delves into the intricate relationship between land reforms and conflict resolution strategies within these states. The study examines the historical context of land ownership and distribution in both states, analyzing how these factors have influenced conflicts over natural resources. Furthermore, it explores the impact of government policies and interventions in addressing these conflicts through land reforms. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this research combines qualitative data collection methods with case studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the effectiveness of various land reform initiatives in managing conflicts. Purposive sampling was used to select 300 participants who have expertise and experience in land governance, conflict resolution, and resource management in the two states. 291 questionnaire stands returned leaving 9 as stale, amounting to 93% recovery. Government interventions and policies related to land reforms are analyzed to assess their impact on mitigating resource-based conflicts in the two states. The findings shed light on the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing land reforms for conflict resolution purposes in these states. In Lagos State (50.0%) of the respondents agreed that the main obstacles to successful land reforms are the traditional owners, while in Ogun state, slightly above (30.7%) agreed to this assertion. Also (17.3%) of the respondents in Lagos perceived the main challenge as executive highhandedness, while it was (47.3%) of the respondents in Ogun State. Land grabbing as a challenge resulted into (10.0%) of the respondents in Lagos, (18.7%) in Ogun States respectively. Ultimately, this study contributes valuable insights to the fields of land governance and conflict management in Nigeria, emphasizing the significance of sustainable land management practices in fostering peaceful coexistence and sustainable development.
Reconstruction tendineuse avec autogreffe du long palmaire : gestion d'une rupture postopératoire des extenseurs digitaux : à propos d’un cas
Authors: Zitoune Anass , Mellali Gouri Adil , Berouag Mohamed Charaf , Laurent Delbast , El Qadiri Yassine , Sbihi Yasser , El Adaoui Oussama , El Andaloussi Yassir ,   Département de tramatologie et orthopédie CHI layné, Mont de marsan, Haddoun Ahmed Reda , Bennouna Driss , Fadili Mustapha
Published: January 2025

La rupture postopératoire des tendons extenseurs, bien que rare, représente une problématique chirurgicale et fonctionnelle majeure. Ce cas clinique rapporte la prise en charge d’un patient de 23 ans présentant une rupture des tendons extenseurs des 2ᵉ et 3ᵉ doigts après une réparation primaire. Une autogreffe tendineuse utilisant le tendon du long palmaire a été réalisée pour pallier une perte de substance importante. La technique chirurgicale comprenait une préparation des extrémités tendineuses, une greffe tendineuse avec des sutures renforcées et une rééducation postopératoire progressive. Les résultats ont montré une reprise satisfaisante de l'extension digitale, soulignant l'efficacité et la fiabilité de l’autogreffe du long palmaire pour les reconstructions tendineuses complexes. Ce cas met en lumière les avancées dans les techniques opératoires et l'importance d’une rééducation adaptée pour optimiser les résultats fonctionnels.
Proximate Analysis of Donuts Substituted with Corn Cob Flour (Zea mays)
Authors: Khasanah Sufrotun , Nugroho Mahfud , Astuti Fitria Yuni
Published: January 2025

Corn cobs are agricultural waste that contain nutrients that are good for humans. Corn cobs have high crude fiber, so they are good for health and safe to consume. One of them that can be used as a processed food product is donuts. Wheat flour is the raw material for making donuts, which is imported from various countries. Therefore, the use of wheat flour must be reduced by focusing on components that are abundant in Indonesia and have high nutritional content. The aim of this research is to analyze nearby donuts produced from wheat flour substituted for corn cob flour. Donuts were made with varying concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% corncob flour addition. The parameters tested in proximate analysis are water content, ash content, protein, fat, and carbohydrates. The research results showed that the values ​​of water content, ash content, protein, and fat tended to increase along with increasing the number of corn cobs in the donut formulation. Meanwhile, the carbohydrate content decreases with increasing corncob flour. This donut proximate analysis is in accordance with SNI 01-2000 standards. Donuts made with a higher percentage of corncob flour will be tastier.
Study on Flood Control of the Sumber Pinang River in Sidogiri, Pasuruan Regency through River Normalization, Levees, and Parapet Walls
Authors: Arif Imroni , Dewi Vita Ayu Kusuma
Published: January 2025

The Sumber Pinang River in Pasuruan Regency frequently experiences flooding due to its insufficient capacity. This study aims to analyze flood control measures using hydrological and hydraulic approaches with the HEC-RAS 6.4.1 software. The data used include maximum rainfall, river cross-section profiles, and land use. The planned flood discharge was calculated using the Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH) method, resulting in a peak discharge of 442.823 m³/s. The analysis results indicate that 81% of the river cross-sections are prone to overflow. Proposed control measures include river normalization and the construction of levees and parapet walls. River normalization is planned for the entire river body, while levees and parapet walls are proposed at critical points to enhance the river's capacity. This study provides recommendations for more effective flood control planning in the future.
Enfoques sobre la Satisfacción de Estudiantes Universitarios.
Authors: Ríos Vargas Alberto Luis
Published: January 2025

La satisfacción en el ámbito estudiantil se refiere en general al nivel de bienestar que los estudiantes perciben al cubrir sus expectativas y necesidades académicas. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar literatura especializada acerca de autores y enfoques teóricos que traten el tema de la satisfacción estudiantil en el ámbito universitario. Metodología: se realizó una investigación cualitativa de tipo documental. Se analizaron artículos en castellano e inglés, de bases de datos de Google Académico, Redalyc, Scielo, Scopus, etc. Se seleccionaron artículos de 2019 a 2023, utilizando como término de búsqueda “satisfacción estudiantil universitaria”. Resultados: Las publicaciones en idioma inglés cuentan con el mayor número de publicaciones, se detectaron 11 autores y 8 teorías que trabajan este tema. Las teorías más utilizadas son las siguientes: Teoría de la Calidad Educativa y la Teoría de la Satisfacción del Estudiante. Conclusiones: El presente estudio aporta información relevante respecto a coincidencias y diferencias entre los diferentes autores y enfoques que tratan el tema de la satisfacción estudiantil universitario, pudiendo utilizarse para futuros estudios sobre el tema.
Consent: from generation to co-production
Authors:   Advocates and Responsible Individuals for Sustainable Energy (ARISE) Consumer Cooperative, Fernandez Artchil
Published: January 2025

The concept of consent and its origin is a topic of intense debate within academia. This paper contributes to the discussion by examining two main perspectives on consent. One viewpoint argues that consent is manufactured or produced, particularly by the ruling class, known as the Marxist perspective on consent. This perspective is supported by the ideas of three influential Marxist thinkers – Antonio Gramsci, Michael Burawoy, and Louis Althusser. The other perspective on consent comes from relational sociology, which suggests that consent is a collaborative effort between the parties involved. This paper delves into the works of three sociologists – Charles Tilly, Pierre Bourdieu, and Nick Crossley – associated with the relational approach in sociology to explore consent as a collaborative process. It presents two contrasting viewpoints on the concept of consent and how it is originated. The paper argues that consent can be not only manufactured but also co-created by social actors. Moreover, it introduces relational sociology by applying it to analyze consent and its creation, generation, and co-production within society. Though the relational approach in sociology is relatively recent, its roots can be traced back to the early days of the discipline in the Durkheim-Tarde debate and the contributions of Georg Simmel. This paper provides an overview of relational sociology, using it as a framework to examine the concept of consent, particularly its generation.
Reaching the Marginalized: Do Education Expenditure and Other Indicators AlleviatePoverty in the Philippines
Authors:   Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Nuñez Sofia Mae , Aguado Reign Christine ,   Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Barua Jaira Mei ,   Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Capariño Charisse Mae ,   Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Published: January 2025

This study examines if government expenditure and other indicators alleviate poverty in the Philippines. This study employs time series data of unemployment rate, business confidence, and education expenditures from 2001-2022, making it to 21 observations. In this paper, several tests are used, namely Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) for stationarity, Breusch Godfrey Serial Correlation LM Test, Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) for autocorrelation and multicollinearity. The Johansen Cointegration and the Pairwise Granger Causality Test were also performed to find out if there is a long-run relationship and causality between the variables. The results reveal that there is a long-run relationship and bidirectional causality between unemployment and poverty, also there is a longrun relationship but unidirectional causality between business confidence and poverty, while the education expenditures and poverty show no long-run relationship under the Johansen cointegration test and no causality under the Granger causality test. The findings suggest that policymakers should provide more job opportunities, enhance support for entrepreneurship, and allocate budgets for education properly to enhance the quality of education and ensure access for all.
Assessment of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio as Inflammatory Markers among Sudanese Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Kordofan state- 2024
Authors: Abdelsalam Mohamed Hamad Mawda , A.M. Hamid Tarig
Published: January 2025

Background and Objective: Low grade chronic inflammation is one of the central pathophysiological factors in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The complete blood count is a routine, inexpensive and easy test that provides information about formed blood contents. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio) NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are simple parameters and novel inflammatory marker, which may be used in many diseases for predicting inflammation. The aim of this study is to assess the utilization of NLR And PLR as inflammatory markers in patient with CKD.
Methods: A cross- sectional descriptive study including 59 participants at different stage of CKD which was conducted. CKD was assessed based on glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP) was analyzed by a fluorescence immunochromatographic methods as the bench inflammatory marker. NLR and PLR were calculated after complete blood count was performed.
Results: Based on CRP value the participants were subdivided into two groups the first is group without inflammation (CRP <1) and the second with inflammation (CRP > 1). The study revealed the mean of NLR was slightly higher (3.08) in the group that had inflammation, unlike other (2.78). while the mean PLR within normal range in two groups (inflamed = 132.5, non-inflamed = 151.7). our study was showing positive correlation between NLR and CRP (R= 0.05, P= 0.000). with regards to PLR and CRP the correlation was not significant.
Conclusion: Depending of these results, it can be concluded that NLR, together with CRP, may serve as a marker of systemic low-grade inflammation in patients with CKD. Larger prospective cohort studies in various ethnic groups are required to assess the possibility of using NLR as an alternative marker for CRP in patients with CKD.
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Western Sudan during the armed conflict 2023-2024
Authors: Hassan Mohammed Humida Eldisugi , Mohamed Ibrahim Salah , Khalil Yousif Mohammed Amal , Alhadi Hamid Namarig , Mirghani Osman Ali Ahmed , Gadelkarim Ahmed Hussain
Published: January 2025

Background: Tuberculosis represents one of the foremost infectious cause of mortality globally; the disease is endemic in Sudan and has experienced a significant increase amid the ongoing armed conflict. This study aims to investigate extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Western Sudan during the conflict period from 2023 to 2024.
Methodology: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted at El-Obeid Teaching Hospital in North Kordofan State, Sudan, from August 2023 to September 2024. This was conducted on 233 patients diagnosed with extrapulmonary tuberculosis from a total of 751 patients with tuberculous infections. The study collected all data related to the patients from the hospital records during the specified period from 15 April 2023 to 15 April 2024. A total coverage of all patients diagnosed   with extrapulmonary tuberculosis within the designated time frame, irrespective of any inclusion or exclusion criteria. Results: The data revealed that 65% were males and 35% were females. The most prevalent age group is > 46, followed by < 18, 26-35, and 36-45, with incidence rates of 37%, 18%, 17%, and 13%, respectively. The majority of the patients (59%) lived in urban areas, while 41% in rural areas.63% of them were married, while 35% were single. Tuberculous lymphadenitis was the most prevalent type of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, followed by tuberculous pleuritis, abdominal TB, spinal TB, tuberculous pericarditis, and TB meningitis (39%, 28%, 14%, 12%, 5%, and 2%, respectively). Conclusion: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is widespread in western Sudan, with tuberculous lymphadenitis and tuberculous pleuritis being the most common manifestations of the disease. This study indicates greater values than what was previously recorded in the world. In Western Sudan the disease primarily affects middle-aged males, with the majority of cases presented beyond the 2 months period. The near-collapsed economy, the inadequately equipped health system, and the detrimental effects of the armed conflict were the primary factors in the study's findings.
The value of ICT and Latex Serological tests in Screening for Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Yousif Adam Regal Hassan , Abdalla Agab Eldour Ahmed , Abdelbagi Alneel Khansa , Hamed Audalla Sukar Akram , Mohammed Eisa Ibrahim , Abakar Hassan , Gadelkarim Ahmed Hussain
Published: January 2025

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular zoonotic parasite responsible for infections in various warm-blooded animals and humans. This study primarily focused on evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of ICT and latex serological methods for screening Toxoplasma gondii in North Kordofan, Sudan.  Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted in El-Obeid, North Kordofan State, Sudan, from January to May 2024. A total of 260 samples were collected from women who had experienced abortions or had a previous history of such events. A blood sample was collected from each respondent to conduct serological tests, including ICT, latex, and ELISA. Results: The study involved approximately 260 women to evaluate the validity of the various techniques employed. In this research, ICT and LaTeX were compared with ELIZA as the gold standard method, yielding a positive rate of 14.6% and a negative rate of 85.4% using ICT methods. However, the results from the Latex method indicated a positivity rate of 15.8%, while the negativity rate stood at 84.2%. In ELIZA, 17.3% is positive, while 82.7% is negative. The sensitivity and specificity of the techniques employed in this study are compared with the ELISA technique, as detailed in the following tests. The sensitivity achieved through the ICT technique was 84%, while the specificity reached 100% as observed in the findings. The sensitivity and specificity obtained through the latex technique were determined to be 94% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: Both Latex and ICT demonstrate relatively better sensitivity and very good specificity, making them suitable for screening and diagnostic purposes in conflict areas.
Frequency of Hepatitis B infection among Hemodialysis Patients at Aljomih Center, Elobied, Sudan, 2024
Authors: A. M. Ali Leena , M. H. Elfaki Abdelsalam , Abdalla Agab Eldour Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Background and objectives: Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver due to viral infection and leads to significant morbidity and mortality. The HBV is highly infectious and the virus can be spread through vertical transmission or horizontal transmission by exposure to blood, body fluid of infected individuals. HBV infection is considered as major public health problems worldwide. This study aimed to find out Frequency of Hepatitis B infection among Hemodialysis Patients at Aljomih Center, Elobied, Sudan, 2024. Method and patients: this Descriptive cross-sectional facility- based study included all patients of hemdialysis at Aljomih center during the study period (126 patients). Results: the study showed that 8 (6.3%) of hemodialysis patients have Hepatitis B infection. Most individuals were males 97 (77.0%), and 8 (6.3%) of them were HBV positive, 29 (27%) of patient were females. The patients were classified into four age groups. Moreover, 124 (98.4%) of the patients had previous blood transfusion and 8 (6.3%) were HBsAg positive. this study elucidated that 92 (73%) of participated were hypertensive and 2 (1.58%) of them were HBsAg positive. On the other hand, 10 (7.9%) of hemodialysis patients included in this study were diabetics and all of them were HBsAg negative. Conclusion: The prevalence of hepatitis B infection among HD patient was generally high (6.3%). More effort should be done to reduce this frequency of HBV among hemodialysis patients.
DISTRIBUTION OF GAGEA SALISB. SPECIES IN THE SANGARDAK-TUPALANG BOTANICAL-GEOGRAPHICAL REGION BY ALTITUDE BELTS
Authors:   Republic of Uzbekistan Academic Institute of Botany, Kurbaniyazova G , Kosimov Z ,   Republic of Uzbekistan Academic Institute of Botany
Published: January 2025

В данной статье приведен анализ распределения по высотным поясам поясам 25 видов, относящихся к роду Gagea Salisb. во флоре Сангардак-Тупалангкого ботаническо- географического района. Эта статья основана на анализе имеющихся гербарных образцов, литературных данных, научных работ и результатах полевых исследований. Также проанализированы высотные показатели видов Gagea по горным регионам Узбекистана, а также уровень видового биоразнообразия
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURE OF VEGETATIVE ORGANS OF SPECIES OF THE SECTION KALOPRASON KOCH (ALLIUM CASPIUM (PALL.) M. BIEB. AND ALLIUM PROTENSUM WENDELBO)
Authors:   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Abdildanov D , Usen S ,   Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются результаты изучения анатомического строения вегетативных органов видов Allium caspium и A. protensum секции Kaloprason. При анализе поперечных срезов стеблей и листьев этих видов выявлены различия и сходства их анатомического строения. Также были проанализированы биометрические показатели анатомического строения вегетативных органов исследуемых видов
PLANT SPECIES COMPOSITION AT THE BELBULAK MONITORING POINT, ALMATY REGION
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Aitzhan M , Zaparina Ye ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Inelova Z ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Yerubayeva G ,   Turan University
Published: January 2025

The study at the Belbulak monitoring point, located in the Almaty region, focuses on the analysis of plant biodiversity under the influence of pesticides that were previously stored in this area. The vegetation cover comprises 26 families, 82 genera, and 103 species, with the Asteraceae family (Bercht. & J. Presl) being the most dominant. The projective vegetation coverage is 75%, with a significant portion made up of weed species, totaling 70, which represents 66.7% of the total species count. The study also identified 28 forage species, but no endemic species were found. The results underscore the importance of vegetation assessment and monitoring in understanding the impact of anthropogenic activities on ecosystems. Keywords: biodiversity, pesticides, vegetation cover, monitoring
Government Provision of Infant Formula in Egypt
Authors: Kent George , Sayed Ghada , Abdul-Fadl Azza
Published: January 2025

Egypt has a long history of providing subsidized food for its people. The policy has been criticized for its high cost to the government and for the way in which sustained provision of food by the government can be disempowering for the people (Ecker, Tan, and Al-Riffai 2014; Ecker et al. 2016); IFPRI 2013). This editorial will examine one distinct component of that program: the provision of subsidized infant formula. As shown in the historical review, the subsidy program was in turmoil in mid-2016, resulting in major changes in the program’s management. The critical analysis that follows argues that for the long term, simply improving the delivery of subsidized formula is not enough. It should be recognized that feeding infants with formula can displace breastfeeding, resulting in worse health outcomes for infants and mothers. The use of infant formula should not be encouraged. There are few conditions under which it is medically necessary. Instead of spending so much money on subsidizing formula, Egypt should provide better support for breastfeeding.