bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Achieving inter- and transdisciplinarity in Ecohealth: insights from a rodent-borne disease project in a polycrisis era
Authors: Arpin Isabelle , Massart Clémence , Bourret Vincent , Castel Guillaume , Colombo Valeria Carolina , Eccard Jana , Firozpoor Jasmin , Grzybek Maciej , Henttonen Heikki A , Leirs Herwig , McManus Andrew , Roche Ben , Sironen Tarja , Sluydts Vincent , Stuart Peter , Zintl Annetta , Charbonnel Nathalie
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Inter- and transdisciplinary research (ITDR) is increasingly promoted to address “wicked problems”, particularly in health sectors adopting approaches like Ecohealth. Our Ecohealth-inspired project on rodent-borne diseases, initiated just before the COVID-19 pandemic, provided an opportunity to evaluate ITDR implementation.

Methods

We employed a recently developed semi-quantitative evaluation method to measure our project’s success in achieving ITDR and analyzed factors influencing this achievement.

Results

The project showed strengths in system description, team task allocation, and data sharing, but had lower scores in engaging societal actors throughout the project cycle.

Discussion

We identified the underexplored influence of problem wickedness as a critical determinant of ITDR success. Addressing rodent-borne diseases, a less wicked problem, limited engagement potential but enabled constructive dialog with local actors. These insights are vital for addressing variably wicked problems in a polycrisis era. We propose recommendations to strengthen researchers’ capacities, particularly in Ecohealth.
Bacterial attachment and junctional transport function in induced apical-out polarized and differentiated canine intestinal organoids
Authors: Yoshida Shino , Nakazawa Meg , Kawasaki Minae , Ambrosini Yoko M.
Published: December 2024

Dogs are increasingly recognized as valuable large animal models for understanding human intestinal diseases, as they naturally develop conditions similar to those in humans, such as Enterohemorrhagic E. coli, Clostridium difficile infection, inflammatory bowel disease, and ulcerative colitis. Given the similarity in gut flora between dogs and humans, canine in vitro intestinal models are ideal for translational research. However, conventional extracellular matrix-embedded organoids present challenges in accessing the lumen, which is critical for gut function. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of inducing polarity reversal and differentiation in canine apical-out colonic organoids (colonoids), evaluate their barrier integrity, and visualize host-pathogen interactions. Our results demonstrated successful polarity reversal and differentiation induction while maintaining barrier integrity. Polarity reversal allowed for enhanced observation of host-pathogen interactions, facilitating visual assessments and membrane integrity evaluations using both pathogenic and nonpathogenic E. coli. This process led to the downregulation of stem cell marker LGR5 and upregulation of intestinal epithelial cell marker ALPI, indicating differentiation. Further differentiation was observed with the use of a differentiation culture medium, resulting in significant upregulation of ALPI and goblet cell marker MUC2. The findings suggest that apical-out canine colonoids can serve as physiologic and valuable models for studying the pathogenic mechanisms and clinical significance of intestinal diseases in dogs. This model has the potential to advance both canine and human gastrointestinal research, enhancing our understanding of gastrointestinal physiology and pathology and aiding in the development of novel therapeutics.
Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) Support in New Era of Heart Transplant
Authors: Giovannico Lorenzo , Fischetti Giuseppe , Parigino Domenico , Savino Luca , Di Bari Nicola , Milano Aldo Domenico , Padalino Massimo , Bottio Tomaso
Published: December 2024

Heart failure is a serious and challenging medical condition characterized by the inability of the heart to pump blood effectively, leading to reduced blood flow to organs and tissues. Several underlying causes may be linked to this, including coronary artery disease, hypertension, or previous heart attacks. Therefore, it is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management and medical attention. HF affects >64 million individuals worldwide. Heart transplantation remains the gold standard of treatment for patients with end-stage cardiomyopathy. The recruitment of marginal donors may be considered an asset at the age of cardiac donor organ shortage. Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is becoming increasingly common in the new era of heart transplantations. PGD is the most common cause of death within 30 days of cardiac transplantation. Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS), particularly venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO), is the only effective treatment for severe PGD. VA-ECMO support ensures organ perfusion and provides the transplanted heart with adequate rest and recovery. In the new era of heart transplantation, early use allows for increased patient survival and careful management reduces complications.
The Load Cycle Amplitude Model: An Efficient Time-Domain Extrapolation Technique for Non-Stationary Loads in Agricultural Machinery
Authors: Yang Zihan , Liu Xuke , Song Zhenghe , Liu Hanting
Published: December 2024

In traditional time-domain extrapolation methods, the peak over threshold (POT) model is unable to accurately identify large load cycles in the load time history, resulting in distorted extrapolation results, particularly when addressing non-stationary loads. To address this problem, this paper proposes a time-domain extrapolation method based on the load cycle amplitude (LCA) model. The core of the method involves using load cycle amplitude features extracted from the measured loads as the basis for modelling, rather than extreme turning points based on threshold extraction. This approach prevents the load’s time-domain characteristics from compromising the accuracy of the extrapolation results. The case analysis results demonstrate that the extrapolation method based on the LCA model achieves more reliable results with both non-stationary and stationary loads. Furthermore, the streamlined modelling process results in reductions of 10.63% and 20.84% in the average computing time for the algorithm when addressing stress and vibration loads, respectively. The LCA model proposed in this paper further facilitates the integration of time-domain extrapolation methods into reliability analysis software.
Area and Performance Estimates of Finite State Machines in Reconfigurable Systems
Authors: Salauyou Valery
Published: December 2024

Modern reconfigurable systems are typically implemented in field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) based on look-up tables (LUTs). Finite state machines (FSMs) perform the functions of control devices and are integral to reconfigurable systems. When designing reconfigurable systems, the problem of optimizing the area and performance of FSMs often arises. The FSM synthesis and state encoding methods generally use only one estimate of the FSM area or performance. However, regardless of the computational complexity of the FSM synthesis or state encoding method, if the estimate incorrectly reflects the optimization aim, the result is far from the optimal solution. This paper proposes several estimates of the area and performance of FSMs implemented in LUT-based FPGAs. The effectiveness of the proposed estimates was investigated using the sequential method for FSM state encoding. Experimental studies on benchmarks showed that the FSM area decreases on average from 3.8% to 6.5%, compared to known approaches (for some cases by 33.3%), while the performance increases on average from 3.5% to 7.3% (for some cases by 27.6%). Recommendations for the practical use of the proposed estimates are also provided. The Conclusions section highlights promising directions for future research.
Analysis of Time–Frequency Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Air Quality Based on Functional Data in Fujian
Authors: Shen Huirou , Xiao Yanglan , You Linyi , Zheng Yijing , Xie Houzhan , Xu Yihan , Chen Zhongzhu , Wu Aidi , Huang Yuning , You Tiange
Published: December 2024

Increased air pollution is driven by anthropogenic pollution emissions and climate change, which pose great challenges to environmental governance. Strengthening the monitoring of regional air quality levels and analyzing the causes of regional pollution is conducive to the management and sustainable development of the regional atmosphere. Functional data obtained on a wavelet basis were used in the fitting of air quality data of Fujian Province, and wavelet decomposition was performed to obtain low-frequency and high-frequency information. While the Fourier basis cannot adaptively adjust the time–frequency window, resulting in the loss of location information of special frequencies, the wavelet basis solves this problem. Functional analysis of variance was utilized for analyzing spatial differences in air pollution characteristics. Furthermore, the study established a multivariate functional linear regression model to explore the impact of meteorological factors and ozone precursor factors. The results indicated that the overall air quality was gradually improving in Fujian Province, but the concentration of ozone was progressively increasing. Air pollution in coastal areas was higher than that in inland areas. The p-values of the functional analysis of variance for energy values and crest values were less than 0.05. Moreover, the energy entropy and kurtosis values were greater than 0.05. There were significant differences of AQI in the fluctuation amplitude and variation characteristics of different cities. The total squared multiple correlation of regression model was above 50% on average. Ozone is currently the most serious pollution factor, mainly affected by wind speed, temperature, NO2, and CO. In summer, it was principally influenced by VOCs. The findings of this study could act as a reference in exploring the time–frequency characteristics of air quality data and support of air pollution control.
Unveiling the Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicle–Inflammasomes in Hyperoxia-Induced Neonatal Lung and Brain Injury
Authors: Young Karen , Benny Merline , Schmidt Augusto , Wu Shu
Published: December 2024

Extremely premature infants are at significant risk for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI). Although BPD is a predictor of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, it is currently unknown how BPD contributes to brain injury and long-term NDI in pre-term infants. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, membrane-bound structures released from cells into the surrounding environment. EVs are involved in inter-organ communication in diverse pathological processes. Inflammasomes are large, multiprotein complexes that are part of the innate immune system and are responsible for triggering inflammatory responses and cell death. Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) is pivotal in inflammasome assembly and activating inflammatory caspase-1. Activated caspase-1 cleaves gasdermin D (GSDMD) to release a 30 kD N-terminal domain that can form membrane pores, leading to lytic cell death, also known as pyroptosis. Activated caspase-1 can also cleave pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 to their active forms, which can be rapidly released through the GSDMD pores to induce inflammation. Recent evidence has emerged that activation of inflammasomes is associated with neonatal lung and brain injury, and inhibition of inflammasomes reduces hyperoxia-induced neonatal lung and brain injury. Additionally, multiple studies have demonstrated that hyperoxia stimulates the release of lung-derived EVs that contain inflammasome cargos. Adoptive transfer of these EVs into the circulation of normal neonatal mice and rats induces brain inflammatory injury. This review focuses on EV–inflammasomes’ roles in mediating lung-to-brain crosstalk via EV-dependent and EV-independent mechanisms critical in BPD, brain injury, and NDI pathogenesis. EV–inflammasomes will be discussed as potential therapeutic targets for neonatal lung and brain injury.
Multi-Objective Optimal Scheduling for Microgrids—Improved Goose Algorithm
Authors: Sun Yongqiang , Wang Xianchun , Gao Lijuan , Yang Haiyue , Zhang Kang , Ji Bingxiang , Zhang Huijuan
Published: December 2024

Against the background of the dual challenges of global energy demand growth and environmental protection, this paper focuses on the study of microgrid optimization and scheduling technology and constructs a smart microgrid system integrating energy production, storage, conversion, and distribution. By integrating high-precision load forecasting, dynamic power allocation algorithms, and intelligent control technologies, a microgrid scheduling model is proposed. This model simultaneously considers environmental protection and economic efficiency, aiming to achieve the optimal allocation of energy resources and maintain a dynamic balance between supply and demand. The goose optimization algorithm (GO) is innovatively introduced and improved, enhancing the algorithm’s ability to use global search and local fine search in complex optimization problems by simulating the social aggregation of the goose flock, the adaptive monitoring mechanism, and the improved algorithm, which effectively avoids the problem of the local optimal solution. Meanwhile, the combination of super-Latin stereo sampling and the K-means clustering algorithm improves the data processing efficiency and model accuracy. The results demonstrate that the proposed model and algorithm effectively reduce the operating costs of microgrids and mitigate environmental pollution. Using the improved goose algorithm (IGO), the combined operating and environmental costs are reduced by 16.15%, confirming the model’s effectiveness and superiority.
The Northern Giona Fault Zone, a Major Active Structure Through Central Greece
Authors: Gouliotis Leonidas , Papanikolaou Dimitrios
Published: December 2024

The steep northern slopes of Giona Mt in central continental Greece are the result of an E-W normal fault dipping 35–45° to the north, extending from the Mornos River in the west to the village of Gravia in the east. This fault creates a significant elevation difference of approximately 1500 m between the northern Giona footwall and the southern Iti hanging wall. The footwall comprises imbricated Mesozoic carbonates of the Parnassos unit, which exhibit large-scale drag folding near and parallel to the fault. The hanging wall comprises deformed sedimentary rocks of the Beotian unit and tectonic klippen of the Eastern Greece unit, forming a southward-tilted neotectonic block with subsidence near the Northern Giona Fault and uplift near the Ypati fault to the north. These two E-W faults represent younger structures disrupting the older NNW-trending tectonic framework. Fault scarps are observed all along the 14 km length of the Northern Giona fault accompanied by cataclastic zones, separating the carbonate formations of the Parnassos Unit from thick scree, slide blocks, boulders and olistholites. Inversion of fault-slip data has shown a mean slip vector of 45°, N004°E, which aligns with the current regional extensional deformation of the area, as confirmed by focal mechanism solutions. Based on the general asymmetry of the alpine units in the hanging wall, we interpret a listric fault geometry at depth using slip-line analysis and we forward modelled a disrupted fault-propagation fold using kinematic trishear algorithms, estimating a total displacement of 6500 m and a throw of approximately 2000 m. Seismic activity in the area of the Northern Giona Fault includes a magnitude 6.1 earthquake in 1852, which caused casualties, rockfalls and extensive damage, as well as a magnitude 5.1 event in 1983. The expected seismic magnitude is deterministically estimated between 6.2 and 6.7, depending on the potential westward continuation of the Northern Giona Fault beyond the Mornos River to the Northern Vardoussia saddle. The seismic hazard zone includes several villages located near the fault, particularly on the hanging wall, where intense landslide activity during seismic events could result in severe damage to regional infrastructure. The neotectonic development of the Northern Giona Fault highlights the importance of extending seismotectonic research into the mountainous regions of central Greece within the alpine formations, beyond the post-orogenic sedimentary basins.
Low-Voltage Biological Electric Shock Fault Diagnosis Based on the Attention Mechanism Fusion Parallel Convolutional Neural Network/Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Model
Authors: Lin Meijin , Luo Yuliang , Chen Senjie , Qiu Zhirong , Dai Zibin
Published: December 2024

Electric shock protection is critical for ensuring power safety in low-voltage grids, and robust fault diagnosis methods provide an essential foundation for the accurate operation of such protection devices. However, current low-voltage electric shock protection devices often suffer from limitations in operational precision and in their ability to effectively recognize electric shock types. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a fault diagnosis method for low-voltage electric shocks based on an attention-enhanced parallel CNN-BiLSTM model. The method first utilizes CNN to extract local spatial features of the electric shock signal and BiLSTM to capture temporal features. An attention mechanism is then introduced to fuse the local spatial and temporal features with weighted emphasis. Finally, a fully connected layer maps the fused features to the output layer, generating diagnostic results. Visualization through T-SNE analysis validates the improvement in model performance due to the attention mechanism. Comparative experiments show that the proposed model outperforms single models and other combined models in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and convergence speed. The results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves a fault diagnosis accuracy of 99.55%.
Analysis of Polyphenols During Alcoholic Fermentation of Red Grape Aglianico (Vitis vinifera L.): Potential Winemaking Optimization and Pomace Valorization
Authors: Errichiello Francesco , Forino Martino , Picariello Luigi , Moio Luigi , Gambuti Angelita
Published: December 2024

The polyphenol extraction and evolution during a traditional 14-day fermentation of the Aglianico red grape, a variety widely cultivated across Southern Italy, was for the first time investigated, with the purpose of optimizing the phenolic profile in finished wines. Anthocyanins, BSA-reactive tannins, iron-reactive phenols, and vanillin-reactive flavans (VRFs) were analyzed in the free-run must, pressed pomace liquid, and in pomace extracts at different maceration times. Experimental evidence suggested that, instead of the typical 14-day maceration of Aglianico grapes, it is recommendable to choose an 11-day maceration in order to prevent the over-extraction of polyphenols that may detrimentally affect the sensory characteristics of wines. In fact, Aglianico wines, if not properly produced, can be affected by excessive astringency due to its high tannin contents. The findings of the present study can provide insightful knowledge to all the winemakers dealing with grape varieties characterized by high quantities of tannins. Also, an earlier racking would supply grape pomaces extremely rich in valuable phenolic compounds to be extracted and reused in several industrial segments in the frame of circular bioeconomy.
Construction and Experimental Validation of Embedded Potential Functions for Ta-Re Alloys
Authors: Miao Haohao , Xia Xuehuan , Fu Yonghao , Yan Jing , Li Lu , Cai Hongzhong , Wang Xiao , Wu Chengling , Zhan Zhaolin , Wang Xian , Yuan Zhentao
Published: December 2024

Ta/Re layered composite material is a high-temperature material composed of the refractory metal tantalum (Ta) as the matrix and high-melting-point, high-strength rhenium (Re) as the reinforcement layer. It holds significant potential for application in aerospace engine nozzles. Developing the Ta/Re potential function is crucial for understanding the diffusion behavior at the Ta/Re interface and elucidating the high-temperature strengthening and toughening mechanism of Ta/Re layered composites. In this paper, the embedded atom method (EAM) potential function for tantalum/rhenium binary alloys (Ta-Re alloys) is derived using the force-matching method and validated through first-principles calculations and experimental characterization. The results show that for the lattice constant of a bcc structure containing 54 atoms, surface formation energies per unit area of Ta-Re alloys obtained based on the potential function are 12.196 Å, E100 = 0.16 × 10−2 eV, E110 = 0.10 × 10−2 eV, and E111 = 0.08 × 10−2 eV, with error values of 0.015 Å, 0.04 × 10−2 eV, 0.02 × 10−2 eV, and 0.01 × 10−2 eV, respectively, compared with the calculations from first principles calculations. It is noteworthy that the errors in the average binding energies of Ta-rich (Ta39Re20, where the number of Ta atoms is 39 and Re atoms is 20) and Re-rich (Ta20Re39, where the number of Ta atoms is 20 and Re atoms is 39) cluster atoms, calculated by the potential function and first-principles methods, are only 1.64% to 1.98%. These results demonstrate the accuracy of the constructed EAM potential function. Based on this, three compositions of Ta-Re alloys (Ta48Re6, Ta30Re24, and Ta6Re48; the numerical subscripts represent the number of atoms of each corresponding element) were randomly synthesized, and a comparative analysis of their bulk moduli was conducted. The results revealed that the experimental values of the bulk modulus showed a decreasing and then an increasing tendency with the calculated values, which indicated that the potential function has a very good generalization ability. This study can provide theoretical guidance for the modulation of Ta/Re laminate composite properties.
Cellulose-Based Sorbents: A Comprehensive Review of Current Advances in Water Remediation and Future Prospects
Authors: Darmenbayeva Akmaral , Rajasekharan Reshmy , Massalimova Bakytgul , Bektenov Nessipkhan , Taubayeva Raushan , Bazarbaeva Karlygash , Kurmanaliev Musrepbek , Mukazhanova Zhazira , Nurlybayeva Aisha , Bulekbayeva Kamila , Kabylbekova Aisulu , Ungarbayeva Aisulu
Published: December 2024

Cellulose-based sorbents are promising materials for wastewater treatment due to their environmental friendliness, biodegradability, and high sorption capacity. This paper presents an overview of cellulose modification methods, including carboxylation, amination, oxidation, graphene, and plasma treatments, as well as combined approaches. Their effect on key physicochemical properties, such as porosity, morphology, and chemical stability, is considered. Examples from the literature confirm the effectiveness of modified cellulose sorbents in removing heavy metal ions and organic pollutants from wastewater. The analysis shows that combined methods allow for creating materials with improved characteristics that are resistant to extreme operating conditions. The main advantages and disadvantages of cellulose sorbents, as well as challenges associated with their scalability and cost-effectiveness, are discussed. The paper emphasizes the importance of further research to advance these materials as a key element of sustainable water treatment technologies.
Clearance of Intracellular Pathogens with Hyaluronic Acid Nanomicelles Responsive to H2S and pH
Authors: Luo Jun , Huang Hui , Jiang Junfeng , Zheng Wenyu , Chen Peng , Bai Hongjin
Published: December 2024

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an acidic mucopolysaccharide of animal origin composed of repeating disaccharide units of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid. Due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and selective affinity for CD44 receptors on cell surfaces, HA is widely employed as a drug carrier. In our study, we aimed to target subcellular bacteria by grafting cystamine onto HA scaffolds through an amide reaction, producing a linker responsive to H2S and pH changes. Subsequently, hydrophobic dodecylamine was attached to HA, forming amphiphilic molecules. These amphiphilic entities can self-assemble into nanomicelles in an aqueous solution, thereby encapsulating the antibacterial agent triclosan (TCS). The resulting HA-based system (HASS-TCS) can be internalized via CD44-mediated endocytosis, releasing substantial amounts of streptomycin and TCS in H2S-rich and acidic environments. Additionally, HASS-TCS has demonstrated effectiveness in eradicating biofilms and addressing intracellular infections caused by Salmonella. This study underscores a novel pH-sensitive hyaluronic acid-based drug delivery system with significant potential for the effective treatment of intracellular infections.
Eco-Friendly Fire-Retardant Coating on Cotton Using Layer by Layer Deposition Technique
Authors: Hassan Hamid , Ur Rehman Zeeshan , Koo Bon Heun
Published: December 2024

Fire hazards are an increasing concern in several high-tech industries of public importance, particularly where textile fabrics are used in abundance. In this study, a novel layer by layer deposition method was utilized to develop a fire-retardant coating on cotton fabric. The method involves a hybrid cationic solution consisting of chitosan and branched polyethyleneimine, while bentonite clay was used as the anionic species. The treated fabric was characterized using SEM, VFT, and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). SEM and EDS profiling confirmed the successful deposition of the (BPEI/CH + BNT) species on the surface of the cotton fabrics. FTIR analysis shows changes in chemical composition between the uncoated and coated samples, as confirmed by modifications in peaks at 3621 cm−1, 1023.3 cm−1, 1631 cm−1, and 614.8 cm−1. Finally, the thermal degradation behavior of pre-coated and post-coated samples was evaluated using thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis within a temperature range of 25 °C~700 °C, where the highest residue of ~19.83% was observed at 700 °C for the D-BPCB-30BL sample, signifying highly improved thermal stability compared to uncoated cotton.
The Photocatalytic Degradation of Enrofloxacin Using an Ecofriendly Natural Iron Mineral: The Relationship Between the Degradation Routes, Generated Byproducts, and Antimicrobial Activity of Treated Solutions
Authors: Jojoa-Sierra Sindy D. , Serna-Galvis Efraím A. , García-Rubio Inés , Ormad Maria P. , Torres-Palma Ricardo A. , Mosteo Rosa
Published: December 2024

The use of ecofriendly natural minerals in photocatalytic processes to deal with the antimicrobial activity (AA) associated with antibiotics in aqueous systems is still incipient. Therefore, in this work, the capacity of a natural iron material (NIM) in photo-treatments, generating reactive species, to remove the antibiotic enrofloxacin and decrease its associated AA from water is presented. Initially, the fundamental composition, oxidation states, bandgap, point of zero charge, and morphological characteristics of the NIM were determined, denoting the NIM’s feasibility for photocatalytic processes. Consequently, the effectiveness of different advanced processes such as using solar light with the NIM (Light–NIM) and solar light with the NIM and H2O2 (Light–NIM–H2O2) to reduce AA was evaluated. The NIM acts as a semiconductor under solar light, effectively degrading enrofloxacin (ENR) and reducing its AA, although complete elimination was not achieved. The addition of hydrogen peroxide (NIM–Light–H2O2) enhanced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby increasing the elimination of ENR and AA. The role of ROS, specifically O2•− and HO●, in the degradation of enrofloxacin was distinguished using scavenger species and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis. Additionally, the five primary degradation products generated during the advanced processes were elucidated. Furthermore, the relationship between the structure of these products and the persistence or elimination of AA, which was differentiated against E. coli but not against S. aureus, was discussed. The effects of the matrix during the process and the extent of the treatments, including their capacity to promote disinfection, were also studied. The reusability of the natural iron material was examined, and it was found that the NIM–Light–H2O2 system showed an effective reduction of 5 logarithmic units in microbiological contamination in an EWWTP and can be reused for up to three cycles while maintaining 100% efficiency in reducing AA.
Study on Factors Influencing the Migration of Heavy Metals from Soil to Vegetables in a Heavy Industry City
Authors: Chen Xiangmei , Ren Yongqiang , Li Chi , Shang Yan , Ji Rui , Yao De , He Yingchun
Published: December 2024

A comprehensive investigation into sustainable agriculture and environmental health was conducted in the Baotou region, encompassing analyses of 90 vegetable samples across 12 varieties and their corresponding rhizosphere soil samples. The physical and chemical properties of the soil, along with the content and chemical speciations of heavy metals, were studied. Results indicated that the study area soil is alkaline to strongly alkaline, with significant heterogeneity in the organic carbon and phosphorus contents, affecting the uptake of heavy metals by these vegetables. The balance of Ca, K, Mg, and P is crucial for soil nutrient equilibrium and reducing heavy metal uptake. The heavy metal contents in the twelve vegetables were below the national food contaminant limit values, with notable accumulations of Cd, Zn, Cu, and Hg. There was a curvilinear correlation between the rhizosphere soil and vegetable contents of Cd and Hg, but differences in uptake were observed. Cd, Zn, Cu, and Hg contents in vegetables were significant, correlating curvilinearly with soil heavy metal content. Soil chemical forms influenced bioavailability, with Cd exhibiting the highest bioactivity. Thus, element migration variations in vegetables reflect the combined influence of the soil’s physical and chemical properties, heavy metal content, and chemical forms. This study validates food safety protocols and soil management practices. Results demonstrate key relationships between soil properties, metal behavior, and plant uptake, enabling targeted solutions for heavy metal contamination and soil remediation. Findings advance sustainable agriculture while protecting ecosystems and food security.
Validez y confiabilidad de la escala de actitud ambiental hacia los residuos sólidos
Authors: Ayuque-Rojas Jose Carlos , Yaulilahua-Huacho Russbelt , Ccente-Chancha Edwin Javier , Gutierrez-Deza Ligia Isaida Rosaura , Ordoñez-Santoyo Magda Mirella , Rodas-Ccopa Herbert
Published: December 2024

La validez y la confiabilidad de los instrumentos para la recolección de los datos son conceptos esenciales en la investigación, especialmente en el ámbito de la investigación cuantitativa, ya que son fundamentales para evaluar la calidad y precisión de los estudios. En este sentido, el objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la validez y confiabilidad de la Escala de Actitud Ambiental hacia los Residuos Sólidos. Se aplicó un cuestionario de 30 ítems en una escala Likert de cinco puntos, cuyos resultados fueron analizados por cuatro expertos. Los hallazgos indicaron que todos los ítems son válidos, con medias superiores al 60%, y una confiabilidad alta, evidenciada por un alfa de Cronbach de 0.946 y un Omega de McDonald de 0.947. La correlación ítem-resto también fue significativa, destacando que la mayoría de los ítems contribuyen efectivamente al constructo medido. Estos resultados subrayan la utilidad del instrumento para medir actitudes ambientales, garantizando su validez y confiabilidad, lo que es esencial para futuras investigaciones en el área de gestión de residuos sólidos.
Efecto de los probióticos en el tracto intestinal de pollos de engorde: Revisión sistemática
Authors: Torres Cedeño Marlon Josue , Zambrano Cevallos Manuel Ellian , Robalino Briones César Aníbal
Published: December 2024

El uso de probióticos en las aves ha aumentado debido a la mayor demanda de alimentos inocuos sin efecto residual para obtener producciones sanas y sustentables. De ahí que se pretende conocer, ¿cuáles son los probióticos utilizados con mayor frecuencia en el engorde de pollo, y su efecto en el tracto intestinal? Se emplearon fuentes artículos científicos seleccionados de bases de datos como Scielo, Web of Science, Google Académico, Redalyc y Dialnet. La ecuación de búsqueda probióticos+intestino +nutrición+producción+microbiota intestinal junto a los principales operadores de búsqueda AND, OR y NOT. Los probióticos más utilizados en la industria avícola son: Lactobacillus bulgaricus, L. acidophilus, L. casei, L. lactis, L. salivarius, L. plantarum, Streptococcus thermophilus, Enterococcus faecium, E. faecalis, Bifidobacterium spp., Aspergillus oryzae y Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Por lo que, los probióticos se emplean como una opción ideal al cambio de los antibióticos como subterapéuticos, en forma de promotores de crecimiento
Dos condicionantes naturais à construção social da vulnerabilidade: as inundações urbanas na bacia do córrego Humaitá, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
Authors:   , Martins Virginia Amaralinda Calabrez
Published: December 2024

A ocorrência de desastres naturais pelo mundo vem cada vez mais ocasionando perdas e danos para a sociedade. A inundação representa um dos desastres de maior ocorrência em diferentes partes do planeta afetando agricultura, a população rural e também a população urbana, dentre outros. A bacia hidrográfica do córrego Humaitá na cidade de Juiz de Fora - MG está inserida nessa realidade e sofre constantemente com eventos de inundações afetando toda a população residente gerando danos e prejuízos. No processo de urbanização os rios são constantemente transformados e as paisagens modificadas, desta forma a percepção dos riscos pela população se torna mais evidente. Ressalta-se que os riscos são distribuídos na sociedade de forma desigual onde uma parte desta tende a sofrer mais com os efeitos e os danos causados pelos eventos perigosos, pois a construção do espaço urbano se dá de forma excludente e desigual. Percebe-se que a produção do espaço urbano na área da bacia estudada se deu de forma excludente, com as relações capitalistas degradando a natureza e o próprio homem, sofrendo com a desigualdade de poder, onde é visível as posições de cada classe social sob o ambiente. Diante disso, esse trabalho propõe compreender as relações entre as inundações e a vulnerabilidade social em uma parte da cidade de Juiz de Fora (bacia hidrográfica do córrego Humaitá, Zona Norte da cidade). Para identificar as áreas de suscetibilidade à inundação na bacia hidrográfica do córrego Humaitá adotou-se a metodologia de análise morfométrica com a utilização dos seguintes parâmetros: gradiente da bacia, índice de rugosidade, densidade de drenagem, Índice de Eficiência de Drenagem, coeficiente de compacidade e fator forma juntamente com a interpretação morfológica da bacia. Nos primeiros resultados a bacia do córrego Humaitá se mostrou pouco suscetível à inundação, porém constatou-se que as sub-bacias de segunda ordem são as melhores indicações para que o poder público atue no entendimento e na gestão dos eventos de inundação na bacia estudada. Já para entender a vulnerabilidade social empregou a técnica do Índice de Vulnerabilidade através dos dados socioeconômicos (renda, educação, densidade demográfica, idade e quantidade de moradores) dos setores censitários e também das observações em campo das ocupações da terra. Por fim, entendeu-se que o crescimento e a expansão urbana não só aumentam a suscetibilidade de inundação, mas também modifica a exposição aos riscos e a vulnerabilidade social das comunidades.
Efeitos da suplementação de ômega-3 sobre marcadores de disfunção mitocondrial em pacientes com excesso de peso: uma revisão sistemática
Authors:   , Justo Neto Wellington Henrique
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A obesidade é uma das maiores preocupações da saúde pública mundial. No Brasil, sua prevalência em adultos cresceu mais de 80% entre os anos de 2006 e 2018. Atualmente, um quinto da população brasileira é acometida por algum grau de obesidade, gerando um impacto econômico anual de 1,4 bilhão de reais. Sendo a obesidade marcada pelo desequilíbrio entre consumo e dispêndio de energia, é evidente que a mitocôndria, principal reguladora do metabolismo energético, desempenha uma função central em sua patogênese. Na obesidade é observada uma marcante disfunção mitocondrial, provocando redução na oxidação de substratos, maior geração de espécies reativas de oxigênio, prejuízos na sinalização da insulina e outros problemas. Portanto, reaver a função mitocondrial é uma abordagem conveniente para essa população. Uma intervenção promissora é a suplementação com ômega-3, já conhecida pelo seu poder anti-inflamatório e pela atuação nas membranas celulares. Essa terapia ainda parece modular a sinalização da irisina, importante regulador da função mitocondrial. Dessa forma, o presente estudo teve o objetivo de revisar as interações entre a suplementação com ômega-3 e a disfunção mitocondrial, observando processos regulados por essas organelas como apoptose, inflamação e sinalização da insulina. Métodos: Foi adotada a metodologia proposta pelo PRISMA, explorando as bases Medline, Cochrane, Embase, BVS e Opengrey, identificando inicialmente 35 trabalhos. Na sequência foram analisados títulos, resumos, e a integralidade dos artigos, sendo incluídos 4 estudos na revisão. A estratégia PICOS foi empregada considerando adultos de ambos os sexos, suplementação com ômega-3 em qualquer dosagem e controle por placebo. Os desfechos foram parâmetros utilizados na literatura para inferir a função mitocondrial, como apoptose, balanço oxidativo e inflamação. Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados e controlados. Resultados: A suplementação com ômega-3 foi capaz de reaver a função mitocondrial otimizando processos como a fosforilação oxidativa e a regulação da apoptose, além de promover efeito antioxidante. Conclusão: A suplementação com ômega-3 configura uma abordagem eficaz em atenuar a disfunção mitocondrial em pacientes com excesso de peso.
Análise laboratorial de um novo protótipo de posicionador de bráquetes ortodônticos do tipo pole-like
Authors:   , Alvim Lara Passos
Published: December 2024

O estudo tem como objetivo a apresentação e avaliação de um posicionador de bráquetes e acessórios ortodônticos desenvolvido com o propósito de minimizar erros de colagem. O instrumento proposto foi desenhado e prototipado em aço inoxidável para realização dos testes laboratoriais. Estes foram executados por três grupos com diferentes tempos de experiência clínica em ortodontia: o Grupo 1, composto por estudantes de ortodontia; Grupo 2, por ortodontistas com menos de cinco anos de experiência clínica; e o Grupo 3, por ortodontistas com mais de cinco anos de experiência clínica. Cada grupo foi composto por seis integrantes, os quais colaram bráquetes edgewise standard 0,022” x 0,028” na altura de 4,0 mm em um manequim typodont, com maloclusão de Classe I e apinhamento dental, em incisivos, caninos e pré-molares superiores e inferiores. Primeiramente, eles utilizaram o instrumento pole-like e, em um segundo momento, com um intervalo de trinta dias entre as colagens, o protótipo. Posteriormente, foram feitas fotografias das faces mesiais dos corpos de prova e medição das alturas de colagem no software Keynote. O uso do protótipo nos Grupos 2 e 3 apresentou medidas que se aproximaram mais daquela preestabelecida, de 4,0 mm, em comparação ao instrumento pole-like. De modo semelhante, a variância foi menor nos grupos do instrumento protótipo. No que se refere ao grupo de dentes, o protótipo apresentou menores variâncias no grupo dos incisivos, seguidos pelos caninos e pré-molares. Os resultados do protótipo também foram mais precisos, apresentando menor variação vertical, com medidas mais próximas ao valor predeterminado nos Grupos 2 e 3 da ferramenta protótipo.
Impacto do tabagismo na gravidade e mortalidade de pacientes hospitalizados com Covid-19
Authors:   , Santos Juliana Aparecida dos
Published: December 2024

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Impacto da formação em medicina de família e comunidade nos encaminhamentos para a atenção secundária no município de Belo Horizonte
Authors:   , Abreu Lucas Néviton Rodrigues de
Published: December 2024

A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) é o principal cenário de atuação dos médicos especialistas em Medicina de Família e Comunidade (MFC). No Brasil, o modelo de APS adotado, a Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), ainda permite que médicos sem formação específica em MFC (também chamados de generalistas), ou médicos que se especializaram em outras áreas, atuem nesse nível de atenção. No município de Belo Horizonte, Brasil, a rede de atenção à saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) convive com um elevado número de encaminhamentos da APS para a atenção secundária. Por isso, configura-se um grande desafio para a atenção primária buscar profissionais que possam evitar encaminhamentos desnecessários. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar o impacto da formação e titulação em MFC nas proporções de encaminhamentos para a atenção secundaria realizadas pelos médicos da APS do município. Foram selecionados 965 médicos que atuam ou atuaram na ESF do município, no período de 2013 a 2020, e esses profissionais foram divididos em dois grupos: médicos com formação ou titulação em MFC e médicos sem essa formação/titulação. Foi feita a análise das proporções de encaminhamentos dos profissionais desses grupos e, então, foi realizada uma avaliação do impacto da formação/titulação em MFC sobre os encaminhamentos para a atenção secundária. Concluiu-se que os médicos com formação ou titulação em MFC encaminham, para as especialidades avaliadas, pacientes em uma proporção menor do que os médicos sem a especialidade, exceto para as especialidades de oftalmologia e pneumologia
Avaliação da atividade antitumoral de compostos análogos do resveratrol
Authors:   , Reis Lívia Bittencourt dos
Published: December 2024

O resveratrol (RVT) é uma fitoalexina natural sintetizada por determinadas espécies vegetais em resposta ao estresse. Suas principais fontes alimentares incluem uvas, vinho tinto, amendoim e soja. Entre as ações biológicas deste composto, destaca-se a atividade antitumoral visto que afeta vários mediadores envolvidos na iniciação, promoção e progressão do câncer, além da apoptose e ciclo celular. Entretanto, apesar destas importantes ações, o RVT apresenta baixa biodisponibilidade em mamíferos, o que limita seu uso in vivo. Para transpor essa barreira, uma alternativa viável é a construção de compostos análogos com estrutura química melhorada e potencial para manter as atividades biológicas do RVT. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o potencial antitumoral de seis compostos (AR07, AR08, AR22, AR25, AR26 e AR33) análogos do RVT em modelo de câncer de mama murino. Primeiramente, a influência dos compostos na viabilidade de células J774A.1 (macrófagos murinos) e 4T1 (adenocarcinoma mamário murino) foi determinada pelo método do MTT. Em seguida, o impacto na proliferação e migração de células 4T1 foi determinado através do método do MTT e do ensaio de cicatrização respectivamente. Os análogos mais promissores foram avaliados in vivo em modelo de carcinoma mamário murino, no qual o crescimento tumoral e ocorrência de metástases foram analisados. Após estes ensaios, o análogo mais promissor foi selecionado e sua toxicidade in vivo bem como sua ação após administração oral foram determinadas. Por fim, investigamos os mecanismos de ação deste análogo avaliando a expressão dos marcadores CD39 e CD73 e a capacidade do composto em induzir a morte por apoptose e/ou necrose. Os resultados demonstraram que os análogos AR26 e AR33 apresentaram melhor desempenho, com impacto aceitável na viabilidade de células J774A.1 (viabilidade acima de 70%) e redução da viabilidade de células 4T1 (25 e 70% respectivamente). Além disso, em células 4T1, os compostos reduziram a proliferação (em aproximadamente 50%) e inibiram a recuperação da área de cicatriz em 50% e 80%, respectivamente. Em modelo de carcinoma mamário, com tratamento por via intraperitoneal, ambos os compostos se mostraram promissores inibindo o crescimento tumoral em 20% (AR26) e 43% (AR33) bem como a ocorrência de metástases pulmonares (redução de 45% para AR26 e 60% para AR33) e ósseas (redução de 12% para AR26 e 40% para AR33). Devido ao seu melhor desempenho, o composto AR33 foi submetido ao ensaio de toxicidade aguda, não demonstrando toxicidade elevada em concentrações inferiores a 150mg/Kg. Este composto também se mostrou efetivo após administração oral, reduzindo o crescimento do tumor em aproximadamente 50% bem como a ocorrência de metástases pulmonares. A análise dos mecanismos de ação do análogo AR33 demonstrou inibição da expressão do marcador CD73. Os resultados demonstram que o composto AR33 apresenta ação antitumoral significativa com potencial para compor novas estratégias terapêuticas contra o câncer de mama.
Philosophical frontiers of space exploration: pro et contra
Authors: Stovpets Oleksandr , Borinshtein Yevhen , Madi Halyna , Kozlenko Pavlo , Honcharova Olha
Published: December 2024

We have been living in the “cosmic era” since 1957. Mankind has learned to utilize the near-Earth space for its practical needs. But the rest of outer space is still a mystery to us. The objective of this study is to clarify several main questions: why should humanity explore the extraterrestrial space? what dividends and obstacles await us on this path? which should be ethical and legal aspects for the outer space exploration? In our research we used several methodological instruments: axiological approach, dialectical method, systematic approach, comparative statistical analysis. The article studies general humanitarian dimensions of the problem of space exploration, socio-economic aspects, incentives and technological limits in development of the nearest space objects. A special place is given to research of juridical collisions and legislative gaps in contemporary space law, and ethical imperatives in a process of outer space exploration.
Universal design principles for emergency remote teaching: educators’ perspective in higher education
Authors: Pavlenko Olha , Nikolaeva Sophiya , Syzenko Anastasiia , Diachkova Yana
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine have forced a shift towards emergency remote teaching (ERT), highlighting the need for inclusive and accessible learning environments. This study explores the application of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles in ERT, focusing on educators' perspectives in higher education institutions. A mixed-methods approach was used, involving 129 educators from two major Ukrainian universities. Quantitative data from a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire and qualitative data from open-ended responses were analyzed. Findings indicate a positive perception of UDL principles among educators, particularly in promoting student motivation, engagement, and autonomy. However, challenges remain in providing multiple means of representation and ensuring equitable access to technology. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of UDL to enhance ERT quality, emphasizing the need for ongoing faculty development and support.