bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A conceptual approach to the formation of an institutional support system for the agro-food complex
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia, Kovalenko Yulia N. , Ulez’ko Andrey V. ,   Research Institute of Economics and Organization of Agro-Industrial Complex of the Central Chernozem Region – branch of FGBSI «Voronezh Federal Agrarian Scientific Center named after V.V. Dokuchaev», Voronezh, Russia
Published: September 2024

The content of the category «institutional support» is considered in relation to the concepts of «institutional space», «institutional environment», «institutional system» and «institutional mechanism», which are based on various aspects of the formation and functioning of institutions. A structural model of the institutional support system is proposed, reflecting the relationship between the institutional system (a set of formal and informal institutions localized within the boundaries of the institutional space) and the institutional mechanism that implements such functions as: determining the areas of operation of individual institutions, coordinating the actions of individual institutions, adapting institutions to changes in the functioning environment, adjusting the structure of the institutional system, forming coalitions of interacting entities, determination of the statuses of individual subjects, formation of behavioral models of various types of subjects, coordination of the activities of interacting subjects, control over the implementation of norms and rules by subjects. The principles of the formation of a system of institutional support for agri-food systems of any level are substantiated. It is concluded that the agro-food complex at the national level and its forming elements are characterized by their own information support systems (institutional systems and institutional mechanisms), the boundaries of institutional spaces and a set of institutional conditions. The purpose of the information support system is formulated as the formation of a favorable institutional environment for the interaction of economic entities operating within a localized institutional space.
Actitudes hacia la discapacidad y la inclusión: diferencias en las puntuaciones entre personas sordas y oyentes
Authors: Antón-Ros Nuria , Arráez-Vera Graciela , Gonzálvez Carolina
Published: September 2024

Introducción: La imagen negativa o compasiva que se proyecta sobre las personas con discapacidad auditiva influye en que se sigan percibiendo como incapaces e inadaptadas al mundo. Por ello, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las diferencias en las actitudes hacia las personas con discapacidad auditiva y la inclusión entre las personas oyentes y sordas. Metodología: 33 sordos y 33 oyentes de entre 12 y 16 años cumplimentaron la Entrevista semiestructurada para la evaluación de las actitudes hacia la discapacidad y hacia la inclusión. El análisis de datos consistió en la prueba t de Student y la d de Cohen. Resultados: Existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas siendo los oyentes quienes puntúan significativamente más alto en el Aspecto cognitivo, mientras que los sordos lo hacen en el Concepto que se tiene sobre la discapacidad, en la Percepción que se tiene sobre la inclusión y en la Actitud que se tiene hacia el aprendizaje cooperativo. Discusión: Las diferencias en los factores en función del alumnado oyente y sordo quizás se den por la escasa sensibilización y normalización de la diversidad. Conclusiones: Se hace necesario el compromiso hacia la inclusión, la sensibilización hacia la diversidad y transferencia de conocimientos en materia de discapacidad.
Nuevas fronteras del Arte. Inteligencia artificial para una experiencia accesible
Authors: Ponzone Giulia , Lara-Martínez María , Valastro Canale Angelo
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Esta investigación se propone analizar algunas tecnologías de apoyo, que incluyen inteligencia artificial, para hacer el arte más accesible a las personas con discapacidad. El objetivo del trabajo es redefinir el papel de la IA y cómo puede transformar la experiencia de disfrutar del arte, haciendo accesibles a un público más amplio obras que antes no podían ser percibidas por estos colectivos. Metodología: Examen de carácter cualitativo tanto de fuentes académicas actualizadas como de entrevistas realizadas con algunos expertos del sector para evaluar los diferentes beneficios que la inteligencia artificial puede aportar al mundo de la discapacidad. Resultados y discusión: Los datos confirman la existencia de sistemas innovadores, capaces de marcar la diferencia para quienes experimentan un determinado tipo de diversidad, pero también ponen de relieve su falta de implementación por parte de numerosos organismos y asociaciones que continúan obstaculizando la igualdad y la inclusión por intereses meramente económicos. Conclusiones: Existe un escenario dual en el cual conviven tanto herramientas que facilitan la creación y el disfrute del arte como las dificultades de carácter político y económico que ralentizan el avance de estas tecnologías de indudable valor.
Análisis de la percepción del procesa-miento sensorial y su relación con la conducta adaptativa en adolescentes con Trastorno del Espectro Autista grado 1
Authors: Laura Segovia Encinas , Belda-Torrijos Mónica , Mumbardó Adam Cristina , Sánchez Pedroche Alberto
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Investigaciones previas indican que un procesamiento sensorial atípico es común en personas con TEA y tiene un impacto significativo en sus habilidades de conducta adaptativa. Este estudio pretende describir la percepción de los jóvenes sobre su procesamiento sensorial y analizar cómo se relaciona con su conducta adaptativa. Metodología: La muestra incluyó ocho jóvenes de 12 a 14 años (cuatro con TEA grado 1 y cuatro con desarrollo típico). Se utilizaron los test AQA, ASSQ y ASSQ-GIRL para comparar los resultados de cribaje de autismo entre ambos grupos. El análisis se realizó con estadística no paramétrica utilizando el programa SPSS v22.0 y la técnica estadística U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Los adolescentes con TEA grado 1 perciben las sensaciones de manera atípica en comparación con el grupo control. Las diferencias se centraron en bajo registro, búsqueda sensorial, sensibilidad y evitación sensorial, siendo significativa la evitación y la búsqueda sensorial. Discusión: El estudio corrobora que los adolescentes con TEA presentan un procesamiento sensorial atípico que impacta su comportamiento adaptativo, mostrando mayor sensibilidad y conductas de evitación sensorial. Conclusiones: Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de este factor en la evaluación y tratamiento del TEA para mejorar su calidad de vida.
Aplicaciones Prácticas de la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa en la Labor Docente: El Caso de la Ingeniería en Diseño Multimedia
Authors: Guerra Guerrero César Octavio , Tass Herrera Benjamín
Published: September 2024

Introducción: La Inteligencia Artificial Generativa (IAG) ha impactado diversos ámbitos, mejorando significativamente la productividad. En educación, los docentes realizan múltiples tareas que pueden limitar la atención dedicada a cada una. La IAG puede optimizar estas funciones, permitiendo a los docentes enfocarse en actividades de mayor valor. Metodología: Se utilizó una metodología mixta combinando enfoques exploratorios y aplicados, destacando la percepción de estudiantes sobre el uso de la IAG en actividades de enseñanza, con el objetivo de examinar las aplicaciones prácticas y la percepción de la IAG en la docencia de educación superior, para conocer la factibilidad de su implementación. Resultados: Los resultados indican que la integración de la IAG en la docencia es factible, con una percepción con tendencia positiva de estudiantes y docentes hacia estas tecnologías. Discusión: La IAG puede mejorar el aprendizaje y optimizar tareas educativas como la creación de materiales, actividades y rúbricas. Sin embargo, existen preocupaciones sobre la fiabilidad y ética de los contenidos generados, y la posible deshumanización del proceso educativo. Conclusiones: La IAG en educación mejora la eficiencia, motivación y personalización del aprendizaje. Aunque bien recibida, es primordial una integración equilibrada con reglamentaciones claras y capacitación ética, asegurando que complemente - pero no reemplace - la labor docente.
Autoevaluación de los procesos de creación de obras literarias infantiles
Authors: Jiménez López Guillermina , García Ruiz María Aurora
Published: September 2024

Introducción: El estudio que aquí se expone gira en torno a tres elementos centrales: la interacción colaborativa, la creación de un álbum ilustrado y la autoevaluación del producto final. Metodología: Esta investigación se dedicó en exclusiva al proceso de evaluación y autoevaluación de los álbumes ilustrados creados por los participantes en una fase previa, 39 equipos de trabajo. Se aplicaron dos cuestionarios (de conocimientos previos y de autoevaluación-evaluación). Resultados: se realizaron análisis descriptivos de frecuencias, el N y los estadísticos de tendencia central (Media, Mediana y Moda). Los resultados obtenidos confirman que el alumnado conocía el álbum ilustrado. Además, fueron capaces de crear sus propios álbumes de manera creativa con una auto valoración principalmente de “Excelente” en la mayoría de los ítems. Discusión: destacamos que esta calificación no supone una diferencia significativa con respecto a la otorgada por el profesorado. Conclusiones: Con los resultados obtenidos, se puede afirmar qué alumnado ha sido capaz de analizar y expresar su percepción del trabajo realizado a través de un procedimiento de autoevaluación que les ha permitido examinar la excelencia de la tarea llevada a cabo.
La IA como valor diferencial en la empresa: caso 123compareme
Authors: Fanjul Fernández María Luisa , Pradana Pérez Francisco José , Barceló Hernando Alejandro , Ferret Alcaraz Pau
Published: September 2024

Introducción: En la última década se asiste al nacimiento de un nuevo paradigma empresarial fundamentado en la tecnología en el que la inteligencia artificial (IA) se convierte en un aliado de las organizaciones. Objetivo: El objetivo del presente artículo de investigación es analizar la aplicación de sistemas de IA en la creación de valor de una empresa, mejorando su posición competitiva a través de sus estrategias de marketing y en el diseño de productos innovadores. Metodología: Para la consecución de los objetivos se aplica la metodología de caso de éxito. Esta metodología implica identificar las acciones que contribuyeron al éxito del caso, respondiendo a la necesidad de comprender situaciones que se consideran exitosas en un contexto determinado. Resultados: Los resultados de la investigación permiten afirmar que la IA es un generador de valor empresarial. Discusión: En un mercado atomizado, mejorar el posicionamiento competitivo de una organización es fundamental para su supervivencia. La integración de sistemas de IA en sus productos se perfila como un elemento diferenciador en la definición de su oferta. Conclusiones: Las conclusiones corroboran que las empresas que se sumen a esta nueva era tecnológica conseguirán mejores resultados consecuencia de su capacidad de adaptación a un entorno profundamente tecnificado.
Educación artística STEAM en la formación universitaria. Robótica creativa para la alfabetización visual y digital
Authors: Soto Solier Pilar Manuela , Villena Soto Verónica
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Ante una sociedad digitalizada que demanda propuestas educativas que incorporen la alfabetización visual y las TIC en las aulas nace esta investigación con el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia de un programa educativo audiovisual STEAM dirigido a la mejora de las competencias audiovisuales y digitales del alumnado. Metodología: En este estudio el alumnado del Grado en Educación Primaria (N=67) elabora storytelling utilizando ilustración digital y robótica creativa (Scratch) para reflexionar sobre los retos de la sociedad actual. Se aplica una metodología basada en las Artes Visuales y el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos STEAM. Los datos son recogidos mediante un cuestionario estandarizado pre- y post- formación y una rúbrica para la evaluación de las videoanimaciones interactivas creadas por el alumnado. Resultados:  Los resultados revelan diferencias entre los cuestionarios pre- y post- formación, mejoras en actitud y conocimientos tras la formación. La evaluación de las videoanimaciones interactivas muestra una mejora en las competencias audiovisuales y digitales y en las habilidades críticas del alumnado. Conclusiones: La investigación muestra la eficacia del aprendizaje interdisciplinar basado en las Artes Visuales y la pedagogía STEAM, pero también la necesidad de continuar indagando en nuevas metodologías para afrontar los retos de la sociedad.
Actor training: a form of physical development, inner discovery and performativity
Authors: Cunha Maria José dos Santos
Published: September 2024

Introduction: This article reflects on training, a key element in the construction of an actor's work, which over time has become individualized and has taken on a personal character. The objective is to deepen knowledge about this type of training and offer a differentiated view of its role. Methodology: A qualitative and exploratory methodology was used to examine the impact of training on the actor's formation. Results: The study reveals that training practice contributes to the professional and personal growth of the actor, standing out as an essential element in his/her trajectory. Discussion: Training allows the actor to develop a unique and authentic identity, which reinforces its importance not only for acting technique, but also for individual development. Conclusions: Regular training practice provides the actor with significant growth, both professionally and personally, standing out as an indispensable tool in the construction of his/her artistic work.
ASSESSMENT OF COPD MANAGEMENT COMPLIANCE WITH GOLD 2024 REQUIREMENTS IN POLTAVA REGION
Authors: Bilko V.V. , Kaidashev I.P.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study was to determine the compliance of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnosis and treatment with GOLD 2024 guidelines by assessing the quality of life of patients. Materials and methods. 23 control subjects, 23 patients with COPD II, 11 patients with COPD III, group E took part in the observational study. All subjects underwent an assessment of external respiratory function using spirometry, an assessment of exercise tolerance – 6 MWD, quality of life was assessed using SF-36 and SGRQ questionnaires, severity of dyspnoea and severity of symptoms – mMRC and САТ-test, and the treatment received at the time of inclusion in the study was analysed. Results. The conformity of diagnosis and verification of COPD diagnosis was confirmed by spirometry data, deviation of physical activity tolerance was demonstrated by the 6MWD test. Patients have a low level of physical activity, which provokes mental health problems, according to the SGRQ and SF-36 questionnaires. According to the results of the mMRC and CAT test, patients experienced symptoms of shortness of breath even with light physical activity, were forced to stop walking or slow down, which negatively affected their ability to work. Patients did not receive pharmacological treatment in accordance with GOLD 2024 and were likely to have unstable symptom control. Conclusion. Due to inadequate medical treatment before GOLD 2024, a significant decrease in external respiratory parameters and quality of life, as well as symptom severity, was detected.
EFFECTS OF OZONE TREATMENT ON 0.05% CHLORHEXIDINE BIGLUCONATE SOLUTION: ASSESSMENT OF CRYSTALLOGRAPHY RESULTS IN AN IN VITRO EXPERIMENT
Authors: Kurylo V.O. , Коrol D.М. , Rozhko M.М. , Kindii D.D. , Toncheva K.D. , Kozak R.V.
Published: September 2024

This study explores the impact of ozone treatment on a 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate solution, focusing on potential changes in molecular structure and corresponding crystallographic transformations at the regularity level following the completion of the wedge dehydration process. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of ozone treatment on a 0.05% chlorhexidine solution, especially focusing on determining the optimal time for ozonation process performance and the period of its effect duration based on the results of crystallography. The methodology employed involves an open-air thesis and subsequent microscopic examination of crystal formation results. The ImageJ software (Wayne Rasband, USA) was applied to study morphological changes in the crystal formation process through a structured algorithm of sequential actions. Micrograph analysis led to the identification of five characteristic crystal morphotypes, which can be categorized based on the increasing complexity of crystal element shapes. Result. The study explored the potential application of ozonated chlorhexidine in dental protocols. This paper presented a comprehensive analysis of the general crystallographic characteristics of chlorhexidine in a 0.05% solution, demonstrated changes in crystallograms found in samples of ozonated chlorhexidine, investigated the impact of ozone treatment time on crystal formation features, as well as explored the duration of the ozonation effect on 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate solution based on crystallographic results. Conclusions. Ozone treatment of a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate changes the process of crystal formation towards its activation, promotes the clustering of small crystals, the formation of crystals of the second type and the development of complex structures. These morphological changes lead to a decrease in the fractal index of crystals. Changes in the fractal index remain noticeable for 7 days after ozone treatment, indicating that the activation of crystal formation is irreversible. This opens up the possibility of using a solution of ozonated chlorhexidine 0.05% in dental protocols.
STRUCTURAL PREREQUISITES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESTRICTIVE TYPE RESPIRATORY FAILURE
Authors: Shapovalova A.S. , Rozova K.V.
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the ultrastructure of lung tissue during the chronic course of pneumonia and the development of respiratory failure against this background. Materials and methods. Research was conducted on 16 male Wistar rats weighing 250-270 g, in which experimental pneumonia (EP) was attributed to aspiration and/or partial post-traumatic pneumonia. The 1st group of rats consisted of control animals (n=6), the 2nd group consisted of experimental animals with experimental pneumonia on the 4-5th day of the development of the disease (n=5), and the 3rd group consisted of experimental animals 6 weeks after EP modeling (n=5). The breathing and gas exchange patterns were recorded using an original automated device consisting of a mass spectrometer MH6202 (Ukraine) and a pneumotachograph with a breathing sensor MPX5050 (Freescale, Netherlands). Structural features of the lungs during pneumonia were studied using electron microscopy. In addition, studies of the ultrastructure of lung tissue were conducted in 2 groups of people: patients with chronic pneumonia and respiratory failure, operated on for medical reasons (n=5) (duration of pneumonia – 6 to 8 weeks) and deceased with a diagnosis of restrictive respiratory failure (n=6) (duration of pneumonia – from 1 to 1.5 years). Results. It has been shown that in experimental pneumonia, there are significant changes in the ultrastructure of lung tissue, resulting in damage to the air–blood barrier, the surfactant system, and the mitochondrial apparatus. Similar changes were observed in patients diagnosed with pneumonia. In both cases, respiratory failure developed against the background of interstitial and/or intra-alveolar pulmonary edema. Conclusions. The chronicity of this process is accompanied by the formation of pneumosclerosis of various degrees of severity with the preservation of changes in breathing patterns, gas exchange, and metabolic processes in lung tissue and pulmonary edema.
LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AT MEDICAL UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATION DURING WARTIME IN UKRAINE
Authors: Borzykh O.A. , Lavrenko A.V. , Gerasymenko N.D. , Digtiar N.I. , Mormol I.A. , Bielan O.V. , Avramenko Y.M. , Morokhovets H.Yu. , Lysanets Yu.V. , Bereza I.S. , Kaidashev I.P.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Given the ongoing war in Ukraine, innovative solutions are needed to ensure students’ access to quality education. This paper explores the benefits of applying a Learning Management System (LMS) at a medical university in Ukraine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of the implementation of the educational platform in the educational process of the second educational level (master's degree) in the specialty 221 Dentistry on the example of the educational component «Propedeutics of Internal Medicine». Materials and methods. Using Moodle, we developed a training course for an Introduction to Internal Medicine for dental students. The student population consisted of 54 2nd-year students and 77 3rd-year students. The student academic performance during the academic years 2021-22 and 2022-23 was analysed statistically. We also conducted a questionnaire-based survey to assess student satisfaction. Results. The study found that the end-of-module assessment scores in the 2nd year of study significantly increased in the 2022-23 academic year. A questionnaire survey found that most students were familiar with the subject, were satisfied with the forms and methods of teaching and considered that they had sufficient information and support to achieve the expected learning outcomes. Discussion. The use of the LMS helped control the negative impact of the war on education. The introduction of the LMS into the dentistry curriculum has ensured the quality of education, improved academic performance, and allowed for a more accurate assessment of student knowledge.
Principles of the wave dark matter detection in gravitational redshift experiments in the Solar System
Authors: Pilipenko S. V. , Litvinov D. A. , Zakhvatkin M. V. , Filetkin A. I.
Published: September 2024

We explore the possibility of using measurements of the gravitational redshift effect as a means to constrain wave dark matter – a class of models in which the dark matter is accounted for by light scalar particles that behave like classical waves. We construct a mathematical framework that is appropriate for clock comparison experiments with remote clocks and can be used to determine the values of the coupling constants of such dark matter with particles of the Standard Model. Using this framework, we consider an experiment to detect dark matter of the Galactic halo using two satellites equipped with accurate and stable atomic clocks and placed into elliptical heliocentric orbits. We demonstrate that, in most cases, the accuracy of this experiment turns out to be not better than that of ground-based experiments with colocated clocks. The limitation of theaccuracy of the space-based experiment is found to be due to the non-relativistic Doppler compensation system, required when using moving clocks, which decreases the amplitude of the useful signal. Possible solutions to this problem are discussed.
Influence of Genistein on the Structure of Nucleosomes and Formation of Complexes With PARP1
Authors: Andreeva T. V , Efremenko A. V , Feofanov A. V , Lyubitelev A. V , Korovina A. N , Studitsky V. M , Malyuchenko N. V
Published: September 2024

The plant-derived polyphenol genistein has high biological activity, which stimulates the study of its applicability for the prevention and treatment of cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Given the ability of genistein to bind DNA, the present work examined the interaction of genistein with chromatosomes, nucleosomes, and nucleosome complexes with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1). It has been established that over a wide range of concentrations, genistein does not affect the structure of nucleosomal DNA, but at high concentrations it causes a change in the structure of linker DNA, bringing DNA helices closer together. In chromatosomes, genistein does not cause dissociation of linker histone and changes in conformation in the region of linker DNA. At high concentrations, genistein hinders the formation of nucleosome complexes with PARP1.
The Involvement of Carbonic Anhydrases in Chloroplasts of C3 Higher Plants in Adaptation Changes of Photosynthetic Reactions
Authors: Ivanov B. N , Rudenko N. N
Published: September 2024

The present research shows that changes in vegetation conditions have implications both for the expression levels of genes encoding chloroplast carbonic anhydrases and the carbonic anhydrase activity of chloroplast compartments. The results of experiments with mutants of the genes of the chloroplast carbonic anhydrases indicate that the activity of the chloroplast carbonic anhydrases determines the nature of changes in photosynthesis reactions in response to changes in environmental conditions. Possible mechanisms are proposed for participation of carbonic anhydrase in light-dependent processes in the chloroplast. Based on these findings, a hypothesis that carbonic anhydrases in chloroplasts function interdependently is developed.
Antioxidant Properties of Plant Plastoquinone in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Vetoshkina D. V , Nikolaev A. A , Borisova-Mubarakshina M. M
Published: September 2024

Plastoquinone is a mobile electron carrier from photosystem II to the cytochrome b6/f complex in the photosynthetic electron transfer chain. In addition, plastoquinone together with many other isoprenoids fulfills antioxidant function, participating in plant defense against reactive oxygen species. This review describes reactions where plastoquinone interacts with the reactive oxygen species including singlet oxygen, superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide in chloroplasts of higher plants. Moreover, a large number of studies investigating the effect of various stress factors on plastoquinone biosynthesis were analyzed and it has been found that the content of plastoquinone increases under almost all stress conditions. Thus, enhancement of the plastoquinone biosynthesis is one of the factors those influence plant sustainability what is necessary in the protection of the photosynthetic apparatus from oxidative degradation. One chapter is devoted to a description of methods for creating plants with the increased level of plastoquinone and to an assessment of the resistance of these plants to environmental factors. Besides, taking into account the high antioxidant activity of plastoquinone and its ability to diffuse in the lipid phase, the ways of practical application of plant plastoquinone as a protector of membrane structures from oxidation are discussed.
Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy for Studying Biomolecules in Liquids
Authors: Mamedov T. , Shvirst A. , Fedotova M. V , Chuev G. N
Published: September 2024

Noncontact atomic force microscopy, a type of scanning probe microscopy, has been actively used in the last two decades to study hydrated biomolecules. Analysis of modern literature shows that noncontact atomic force microscopy is a very promising method for studying adsorbed biomacromolecules and biomacromolecular complexes at the membrane interface or surfaces. This mini-review describes the foundations of this method, its application to biomolecules, discusses the requirements for the method and the possibility of its extension through additional processing of the obtained experimental data using theoretical analysis, molecular modeling or machine learning.
Hepatopancreatic Proteins of Snow Crab and Red King Crab with Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Molchanov V. G , Yegorov A. Y , Osetrina D. A , Novikov V. Yu , Novojilov N. M , Timchenko A. A , Sogorin E. A , Timchenko M. A
Published: September 2024

Troughout their long history, crustaceans, despite lacking a highly specific vertebrate-like adaptive immune system, have successfully adapted to living within their environment rich in microorganisms, in part due to the presence of antimicrobial peptides. One valuable source of antimicrobial peptides is hepatopancreas, a waste product from crab fishery and its processing. Data from zymogram and 1H NMR spectra showed that the extract of snow crab hepatopancreas contains a small peptide (about 3 kDa) that hydrolyzes the cell wall and the cell wall polysaccharide of M. lysodeikticus. The discovered peptide may be of interest for practical application. A protein (about 14 kDa), isolated from the red king crab hepatopancreas using affinity chromatography on heparin-Sepharose, is also active against the cell wall of the gram-positive bacterium M. lysodeikticus, as it was demonstrated with zymography and turbidimetric methods.
1H-NMR Spectroscopy of Blood Plasma for Detection of Changes in Metabolism during the Development of Sarcoma M-1 in Rats
Authors: Egorov A. Y , Bykov A. S , Ponomareva T. I , Molchanov M. V , Pankratova N. M , Pankratov A. N , Arakelyan A. G , Koryakin S. N , Timchenko M. A
Published: September 2024

An assessment of the effectiveness of 1H NMR-based metabolomic analysis for the detection of metabolic changes during carcinogenesis was made based on a comparison of the quantitative composition of metabolites in the blood plasma of rats for healthy rats and rats receiving M-1 sarcoma transplantation. Plasma was collected from the rats under study on day 12 and day 36 after sarcoma transplantation to identify metabolites associated with tumor development. Analysis of NMR spectra using multivariate statistical methods showed differences in the composition of metabolites for the groups of animals under study already on day 12 after sarcoma transplantation; on day 36 the differences were significant. 23 metabolites were quantified. On day 12, only the lactate and allantoin levels were significantly different between the groups, while on day 36, the levels of 9 metabolites were different in rats in all groups. All of the metabolites identified are involved in cancer metabolism, which makes 1H NMR spectroscopy a promising method for cancer diagnosis.
Does the tortoiseshell butterfly, Aglais urticaE (lepidoptera, nymphalidae) shiift to synanthropy in Northeast Asia?
Authors: Berman D. I.
Published: September 2024

An assumed shift of the tortoiseshell butterfly, Aglais urticae to synanthropy in extremely cold regions (with temperatures close to –60оC) is tested. The tortoiseshell butterfly overwinters at the stage of imago; their cold resistance being fundamentally insufficient for surviving the cold across most of their distribution range in natural shelters located above the snow level and in unheated buildings. The species' resistance to cold from England to northeast Russia is increased from –22 to –29оC, while the average minimum air temperature in January drops from 3.3 to –55.7оC. The objective of the present work was to find out whether well-built, but unheated houses (the village of Seimchan) provide winter indoor temperatures above –30оC, a threshold for the tortoiseshell butterfly. Winter temperatures were measured with loggers in two different houses and compared with the outside temperature obtained from weather station data. During a severe cold weather, it was 11–19оC warmer inside the houses than outside, but the minimum temperatures below –30оC were recorded over half of the winter, and below –35оC over almost its third. Thus, winter (unhea- ted) houses, as well as demi-seasonal ones, and natural shelters such as cracks under the bark, hollows and other cavities located above the snow cover fail to provide the required temperatures. Unheated well-built houses guarantee successful hibernation for the tortoiseshell butterfly only in the milder climatic conditions of western Siberia and in the northeast of the European part of Russia. Wintering above the snow level in primitive shelters can only be possible within the temperature range of –31...–20оC and west of it. The results of the work prove the idea of tortoiseshell butterfly synanthropy to be unsubstantiated and return to the idea of its wintering under the snow cover in shelters such as cavities in litter, under fallen trees, etc. This type of wintering guarantees success, being independent from the climate of northern Eurasia.
Using unmanned aerial vehicles to count the numbers and monitor the condition of the Baikal seal (Pusa sibirica Gmelin 1788, Phocidae)
Authors: Ilina P. O. , Shibanova P. Yu. , Solovyeva M. A. , Glazov D. M. , Razuvaev A. E. , Rozhnov V. V.
Published: September 2024

To develop a method for monitoring the condition of Baikal seals (Pusa sibirica Gmelin 1788) and to count their numbers in summer haul-outs using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in July–August 2020 and 2021 on the islands of Tonkiy, Kruglyi and Dolgiy (the Ushkany Islands archipelago), visual surveys and surveys with UAVs were carried out. The maximum number of seals observed in 2020 was 3467, in 2021 it was less, 1295, and their total number in 2021 was also less than in 2020. During both years of observation, the number of seals in the haul-outs gradually decreased, which might have been due to the wave level on the lake. Contrary to the popular belief the largest seal haul-out being on the Tonkiy Island, the greatest number of seals was recorded on the Dolgiy and Kruglyi islands. Recommendations for the use of UAVs are given, these can also be useful in developing the rules for tourists visiting the national park.
Prenatal growth and development of the water vole, Arvicola amphibius (rodentia, arvicolinae)
Authors: Nazarova G. G. , Proskurnyak L. P.
Published: September 2024

The morphological and morphometric characteristics of water vole embryos are studied. Embryo implantation occurs on the 5th day of pregnancy. A description of the morphological features of embryonic development at different stages of pregnancy is given, with equations for embryo body weight and length revealed. The results of multiple regression analysis show that embryo weight, when considering the influence of gestational age, is negatively related to the number of live embryos. Our results complement the existing literature on the biology of mammalian development and may be useful for establishing equivalent stages of embryonic development in different species when conducting comparative studies. Morphological features of development and the embryonic growth equations can be used to determine the age of pregnancy and the calendar dates of the beginning and end of the breeding season in natural populations.
The Effect of FTY720 on Sphingolipid Imbalance and Cognitive Decline in Aged EFAD Mice
Authors: Luo Qian , Crivelli Simone M. , Zong Shenghua , Giovagnoni Caterina , van Kruining Daan , Mané-Damas Marina , den Hoedt Sandra , Berkes Dusan , De Vries Helga E. , Mulder Monique T. , Walter Jochen , Waelkens Etienne , Derua Rita , Swinnen Johannes V. , Dehairs Jonas , Losen Mario , Martinez-Martinez Pilar
Published: September 2024

Background:

During Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, there is a decline in the bioactive sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Previous research showed that FTY720, an S1P mimetic, prevented cognitive decline and reduced ceramide levels in transgenic mice with familial AD carrying the human APOE4 gene (E4FAD) at 6–7 months of age.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to explore the protective effects of FTY720 at late-stage AD.

Methods:

Male mice aged 9.5 to 10.5 months were orally administered FTY720 (0.1 mg/kg) via oral gavage for 6 weeks. A pre-test of water maze was used for evaluating the pathological status. After 4 weeks of administration, memory, locomotion, and anxiety were assessed. Cortex samples were analyzed for amyloid-β (Aβ) and sphingolipid levels.

Results:

Compared with APOE3 mice, APOE4, E3FAD and E4FAD mice exhibited significant memory deficits. After 6 weeks administration, FTY720 did not alleviate memory deficits in EFAD mice. Lipid analysis revealed that S1P was significantly reduced in EFAD mice (E3FAD or E4FAD) compared to controls (APOE3 and APOE4). Ceramide level alterations were predominantly dependent on APOE isoforms rather than AD transgenes. Interestingly, Cer (d18 : 1/22 : 1) was elevated in APOE4 mice compared to APOE3, and FTY720 reduced it.

Conclusions:

E4FAD and APOE4 mice exhibited significant spatial memory deficits and higher ceramide concentrations compared to APOE3 mice. FTY720 did not reverse memory deficits in E4FAD and APOE4 mice but reduced specific ceramide species. This study provides insights into the association between sphingolipids and APOE4 in advanced AD stages, exploring potential therapeutic targeting of sphingolipid metabolism.
An Atypical Case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome Presenting with Cacosmia and Amyloid Positivity
Authors: Nanni Alfredo Gabriele , Urso Daniele , Caccamo Martina , Gnoni Valentina , Giugno Alessia , Zecca Chiara , Dell’Abate Maria Teresa , Vilella Davide , De Blasi Roberto , Logroscino Giancarlo
Published: September 2024

This report presents a challenging case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), a rare and rapidly progressing neurological disorder. The patient exhibited diverse and progressive neuro-psychiatric symptoms, including memory impairment, behavioral changes, and hallucinations associated with cacosmia. The diagnosis of CJD is complicated due to its variable clinical presentation, limited awareness, and the need for tissue pathology confirmation. Diagnostic tests, particularly brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, played crucial roles in the evaluation. The MRI revealed characteristic cortical ribboning patterns. CSF analysis initially suggested Alzheimer’s disease pathology continuum. Repeated Real-time-quaking-induced assay testing (RT-QuIC) confirmed the diagnosis despite an initial negative result. This case underscores the significance of contemplating CJD in individuals exhibiting rapidly progressive dementia, even in the presence of atypical clinical features. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of recognizing that an initial negative result from the RT-QuIC test should not preclude consideration of CJD, particularly when characteristic MRI findings are present.
Individualized and Biomarker-Based Prognosis of Longitudinal Cognitive Decline in Early Symptomatic Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Wang Xiwu , Ye Teng , Huang Ziye , Zhou Wenjun , Zhang Jie ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2024

Background:

Although individualized models using demographic, MRI, and biological markers have recently been applied in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a similar study is lacking for patients with early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with biomarker evidence of abnormal amyloid in the brain.

Objective:

We aimed to develop prognostic models for individualized prediction of cognitive change in early AD.

Methods:

A total of 421 individuals with early AD (MCI or mild dementia due to AD) having biomarker evidence of abnormal amyloid in the brain were included in the current study. The primary cognitive outcome was the slope of change in Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale-13 (ADAS-Cog-13) over a period of up to 5 years.

Results:

A model combining demographics, baseline cognition, neurodegenerative markers, and CSF AD biomarkers provided the best predictive performance, achieving an overfitting-corrected R2 of 0.59 (bootstrapping validation). A nomogram was created to enable clinicians or trialists to easily and visually estimate the individualized magnitude of cognitive change in the context of patient characteristics. Simulated clinical trials suggested that the inclusion of our nomogram into the enrichment strategy would lead to a substantial reduction of sample size in a trial of early AD.

Conclusions:

Our findings may be of great clinical relevance to identify individuals with early AD who are likely to experience fast cognitive deterioration in clinical practice and in clinical trials.
Dynamics for a class of energy beam models with rotational forces
Authors: Gomes Tavares Eduardo H. , Li Yanan , Narciso Vando , Sun Yue
Published: September 2024

This paper is concerned with the well-posedness and long-time dynamics of a class of beam/plate equations with rotational inertia and nonlinear energy damping. The model is derived from nonlocal dissipative energy models for flight structures, as proposed by Balakrishnan-Taylor (Proceedings Damping 89, Flight Dynamics Lab and Air Force Wright Aeronautical Labs, WPAFB, 1989). Our main results address the existence of compact global attractors. The work complements the degenerate coefficient case left open by Sun and Yang (J. Math. Anal. Appl., Volume 512, Issue 2, 2022).
Stabilization of a locally transmission problems of two strongly-weakly coupled wave systems
Authors: Ahmedi Wafa , Aissa Akram Ben
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we embark on a captivating exploration of the stabilization of locally transmitted problems within the realm of two interconnected wave systems. To begin, we wield the formidable Arendt-Batty criteria (Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 306(2) (1988) 837–852) to affirm the resolute stability of our system. Then, with an artful fusion of a frequency domain approach and the multiplier method, we unveil the exquisite phenomenon of exponential stability, a phenomenon that manifests when the waves of the second system synchronize their propagation speeds. In cases where these speeds diverge, our investigation reveals a graceful decay of our system’s energy, elegantly characterized by a polynomial decline at a rate of t − 1 .
Assessment of decellularization strategy and biocompatibility testing of full-thickness abdominal wall to produce a tissue-engineered graft
Authors: Skepastianos George , Mallis Panagiotis , Kostopoulos Epameinondas , Michalopoulos Efstathios , Skepastianos Vasileios , Doudakmanis Christos , Palazi Chrysoula , Tsourouflis Gerasimos
Published: September 2024

Background

Restoration of the abdominal wall defects due to herniation or other complications represents a challenging task of the reconstructive surgery. Synthetic grafts or crosslinked animal-derived grafts, are utilized, followed by significant adverse reactions.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate primarily the production of a decellularized abdominal wall scaffold and secondly its biocompatibility upon transplantation in an animal model.

Methods

Full-thickness abdominal wall samples were harvested from Wistar Rats and then decellularized utilizing a three-cycle process. To evaluate the decellularization efficacy, histological, biochemical and biomechanical analyses were performed. The biocompatibility assessment involved the implantation of the produced scaffolds to Sprague Dawley rats. The grafts remained for a total period of 4 weeks, followed by immunohistochemistry for the detection of CD11b+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells.

Results

Histological, biochemical and biomechanical results, indicated the production of compatible acellular full-thickness abdominal wall samples. After 4 weeks of implantation, a minor presence of immunity cells was observed.

Conclusion

The data of this study indicated the successful production of a full-thickness abdominal wall scaffold. Biologically derived full-thickness abdominal wall scaffolds may have greater potential in restoration of the abdominal wall defects, bringing them one step closer to their clinical utility.
Regulation of cagA-Helicobacter on gastric PIM2 expression in gastric cancer
Authors: Liang Wenjuan , Wang Haiyan , Hong Lijuan , Cao Wenting , Chen Shuaiyin , Zhang Rongguang
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

The association between infection with cagA-positive H. pylori and an elevated susceptibility to gastric cancer has been firmly established. PIM2 is known to be overexpressed in various types of cancers; however, the specific mechanism by which cagA influences the regulation of PIM2 expression in gastric cancer remains unidentified at present.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A mutant NCTC11637[Formula: see text]cagA strain of H. pylori and the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA- cagA were constructed for evaluating PIM2 expression levels in gastric cancer cells (HGC27, SGC7901, and AG) co-cultured with the NCTC11637 and NCTC11637[Formula: see text]cagA strain, as well as pcDNA- cagA and the empty vector pcDNA3.1 ([Formula: see text]).

RESULTS:

Co-culturing gastric cancer cells with NCTC11637 significantly increased PIM2 expression levels ([Formula: see text] 0.001) compared to the negative control group. Additionally, the expression of PIM2 in cells co-cultured with NCTC11637 was higher than that co-cultured with NCTC11637[Formula: see text]cagA ([Formula: see text] 0.001). Furthermore, successful construction of the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA- cagA resulted in a significant increase in PIM2 mRNA expression levels after its transfection into gastric cancer cells compared to the control group after 48 hours.

CONCLUSIONS:

The findings indicate that H. pylori/ cagA A could be one of the key factors in regulating PIM2 expression levels, potentially influencing the progression of H. pylori-related Gastric Cancer.
In vivo revascularization and tissue effects of uterine artery embolization with starch microspheres in sheep
Authors: Hinestrosa Camila A. , Fuchs Jochen , Denecke Timm , Storch Christiane , Dreyer Antje , Kuthning Anja , Reinhardt Martin , Rio Bartulos Carolina , Wiggermann Philipp , Busse Harald , Moche Michael
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE: In uterine artery embolization (UAE) for the treatment of fibroids, nondegradable particles permanently occlude the uterine artery (UA). These particles remain in the vessels and can cause secondary undesirable effects, such as severe pain after embolization and fertility issues. In this prospective experimental study, we aimed to evaluate the angiographic recanalization, local and systemic reactions, and uterine damage occurring after performing UAE with newly developed degradable starch microspheres (DSMs) in sheep. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Under general anesthesia, eight nonpregnant sheep underwent bilateral UAE using DSMs to achieve stasis. Angiographic evaluation was performed on days 1, 3 and 7 after embolization to assess in vivo recanalization. In addition, the angiographic series were scored via a modified embolization score. A postmortem tissue examination was performed to determine whether DSMs and foreign body inflammatory reactions were present and to assess uterine necrosis. RESULTS: Complete bilateral embolization of the UA and cervicovaginal branches was achieved in all treated animals. Recanalization of the occluded arteries was evident in 25 of 27 arteries during the angiographic evaluation. In all sheep, there were multifocal areas of uterine necrosis, and some uterine vessels contained intraluminal material consistent with DSMs. The average weight of both uterine horns was significantly correlated with both the number of microspheres needed for complete embolization (r = 0.69, ρ<0.01) and the average percentage of necrosis in both uterine horns (r = 0.64, ρ<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrated the efficacy of vascular embolization with DSM by inducing ischemic changes in the uterus and subsequent recanalization of previously occluded arteries.