bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ensuring access to COVID-19 therapeutics in Pacific island countries and areas
Authors: Dorj Gereltuya , Martinez Eva Mata , Hammad Karen , Kabethymer Biniam Getachew , Mahmoud Nuha
Published: January 2024

Problem: As of November 2022, over 417 397 confirmed cases and 2631 deaths related to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were reported in Pacific island countries and areas (PICs). Most PICs have faced challenges accessing therapeutics recommended for the treatment of COVID-19 due to their high demand worldwide and supply chain constraints. Context: The World Health Organization (WHO) coordinates and provides tailored technical and operational support to 21 PICs. Since the start of the pandemic, WHO has worked with partners to establish a mechanism to ensure equitable access to three novel COVID-19 therapeutics (tocilizumab, molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) for lower-income countries, including 11 eligible PICs. Action: WHO coordinated the requests, procurement and distribution of the three novel therapeutics. In addition, WHO supported PICs by providing trainings in clinical management of COVID-19, developing critical supply needs estimates, and facilitating regulatory approval of clinical therapeutics, including emergency use authorization. Lessons learned: The main barriers to procurement of novel COVID-19 therapeutics were identified as prolonged negotiations with licence holders, sourcing funding, the high cost of therapeutics and limited capacity to provide safety monitoring. Discussion: Uninterrupted supply and availability of essential medicines in the Pacific region is dependent on external and local sourcing. To overcome procurement barriers and ensure access to novel COVID-19 therapeutics in PICs, WHO‘s pandemic support to Member States focused on strengthening regulatory requirements, safety monitoring and supply chain activities.
School outbreak of hand, foot and mouth disease in Northern Luzon, Philippines, October 2022
Authors: Victori Emeryn , Ventura Ray Justin , Blanco Mariz Zheila , Pamintuan Rosario , Magpantay Rio , Lonogan Karen
Published: January 2024

Objective: On 24 September 2022, the Regional Public Health Unit in Ilocos received a report of a cluster of suspected hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in one school in Balungao, Pangasinan Province, the Philippines. On 4 October 2022, the public health unit sent a team from the Field Epidemiology Training Program – Intermediate Course to conduct an outbreak investigation. Methods: Active case-finding was conducted at the school. A suspected case was defined as any student or staff member with mouth ulcers and papulovesicular or maculopapular rash on the palms, fingers, soles of the feet or buttocks occurring from 1 September to 5 October 2022. We interviewed school officials about possible sources of infection and students’ activities. We collected oropharyngeal swab samples for testing. Findings were used for descriptive analysis. Results: Nine suspected cases of HFMD were detected, with the highest number of cases (6, 67%) occurring in children in grade 1. The majority of cases (7, 78%) were 6 years old, and five cases (56%) were male. Seven (78%) of the cases had been exposed to a confirmed case of HFMD, as reported by their parents or guardians and teachers. Six cases (67%) were positive for coxsackievirus A16 and two (22%) for enterovirus. Discussion: The causative agents of this outbreak were coxsackievirus A16 and other enteroviruses. Direct contact with a confirmed case was the source of transmission, with a lack of physical distancing in classrooms likely contributing to transmission. We recommended that the local government implement measures to control the outbreak.
Study of tire rubber residue in cementitious composite compared to expanded polystyrene, to make a lightweight concrete
Authors: Sales Abner Santos Baroni , Nahime Bacus de Oliveira , Lima Elton Carvalho de , Reis Idalci Cruvinel dos
Published: January 2024

Incorrect tire disposal has a major impact on the environment, making it necessary to search for technologies. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of adding silica fume on the mechanical, microstructural and thermal properties of lightweight concrete using waste tire rubber (RB) for the production of lightweight cementitious composite compared to the cementitious composite with expanded polystyrene (EPS). A reduction in density was observed in 9% of the samples with 10% replacement of the cement with silica. The results showed low compressive strength to be applied as a structural material, however the value proved to be effective for several other functions, a gain in tensile strength was observed compared to the composite with EPS, the RB showed a better tenacity. The microstructure analysis revealed regions that do not produce good contact between the different phases present. Rubber concrete showed greater impermeability with the addition of silica fume, indicating greater resistance to chemical attacks. Thus, the results showed that large percentages of rubber in the cementitious composite can bring benefits even if there is a certain reduction in mechanical properties.
Legal transformation: the integration of lawtechs and legaltechs as drivers of access to justice
Authors: Borges Arlynne Sthejanie Rodrigues , Duarte Júnior Hildelis Silva , Madureira Amanda Silva
Published: January 2024

This article explores the intersection between access to justice and the integration of Lawtechs and Legaltechs, investigating how these technological innovations can promote a significant transformation in the legal system. The research highlights the potential of the solutions offered by these platforms to overcome traditional barriers, such as high costs, complexity of the legal system, and slowness in the provision of jurisdiction. Additionally, it emphasizes how these technologies can democratize access to justice by providing affordable and personalized legal support, streamlining processes, and promoting alternative dispute resolution. The analysis suggests that the continued integration of artificial intelligence in the legal domain can effectively strengthen the equity and efficiency of the legal system, paving the way for broader and more equitable access to justice.
Evaluation of structure, processes, and results of hospital epidemiology cores in the metropolitan region of Goiânia (GO), Brazil
Authors: Dornelas Rodrigo , Sousa Ana Luiza Lima
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The expansion of the scope of Epidemiological Surveillance actions to the hospital level began with the legal prerogative of Ordinance No. 2,529, dated November 2004. Objective: To describe the Hospital Epidemiology Cores (HECs) of hospitals in the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, in terms of resources, work processes, and outcomes. Method: This is a cross-sectional study. The theoretical framework for evaluating the HECs used in this research will be based on Avedis Donabedian's model, which relies on the dimensions of structure, process, and outcome. Five hospitals with implemented Hospital Epidemiology Cores participated in the study. Results: The most frequent age group of participants was 20 to 59 years (95.0%), and the majority of the sample was female (90%). Regarding the active search for Epidemiologically Important Events (EIEs) by the HECs, all five units operationalize this work process. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that, from the perspective of physical structure and material and equipment, the cores showed good conditions. All HECs actively search for EIEs in priority areas of the hospital.
Percepções de discentes e docentes de medicina sobre o emprego de metodologias ativas de aprendizagem uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Garcia Caroline Lima , Ferreira Ilma Pastana , Oliveira Ediléia Monteiro de , Azevedo Manuella Matos de , Caldas Ivete Furtado Ribeiro
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: identificar e evidenciar as percepções de discentes e docentes do curso de graduação em medicina referente ao uso das metodologias ativas de aprendizagem, através de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, de caráter descritivo e exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa e análise dos dados por categorização, período de 2019 a 2021. Foram utilizadas as bases eletrônicas PubMed, Scielo e BVS. Resultados: Dos 391 estudos recuperados, foram incluídos 33 artigos. Observou-se maior citação das seguintes percepções sobre a utilização de metodologias ativas: Protagonismo discente, motivação e autoeficácia na aprendizagem; Desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências; Feedback como potencializador do processo; Dificuldades durante a compreensão dos métodos de ensino-aprendizagem das metodologias ativas; Sobrecarga e as metodologias ativas; Desafios nas interações interpessoais. Conclusão: A utilização de metodologias ativas tanto nos cursos de graduação em medicina, quanto em demais cursos, ainda divide opiniões mesmo que as percepções positivas sejam prevalentes. Nesse sentido, para que seu uso seja efetivo ainda se faz necessário adaptações de diversas ordens.
The Nature of Islamic Criminal Procedure: Whether Adversarial or Inquisitorial, an Appraisal
Authors: Dr. Muhammad Ramzan Kasuri  , Dr. Sheer Abbas  , Raza al-Mustafa
Published: January 2024

Criminal procedure is criminal justice in action. Islamic Criminal law (ICL) is being enforced through western procedural systems known as adversarial and inquisitorial which makes significant anomaly in the application of ICL. Enforcement of ICL without accompanying Islamic rules of procedure is arguably to practice ICL incompletely, inaccurately, and indeed un-Islamically. As the substantive ICL is different in its form and substance, the Islamic Criminal Procedure (ICP) is also different than the western procedural models. The ICP has many independent features which are not available in any other law. The classification of offences in ICL is linked with violation of rights; of Allah, of the individual and of the society. The kind of right violated determines the rules of procedure. Furthermore, Islamic law operates within two spheres; fixed and flexible. The Muslim jurists worked on fixed part whereas care of flexible part is left in the hand of rulers. Although the rules of ICP can be found in Qur’ān & Sunnah – primary sources of Islamic law - and in classical Islamic jurisprudence but neither the classical nor the contemporary Muslim scholars set out formal code of ICP (templates) corresponding code of procedure of modern-day. By applying qualitative research methodology, this article aims to examine the nature of ICP whether adversarial or inquisitorial while examining its salient features. It discusses classification of ICP and analyzes legal consequences of its various kinds. Scientific study of ICP can play vital role to direct our ongoing revamping process of criminal justice in the right direction with the aim to make the system efficient and cost-effective in the delivery of expeditious justice.
The impact of a gender mainstreaming-based blended learning flipped classroom model on the solidarity values and problem-solving abilities of students
Authors: Kasmini Lili , Mardhatillah  , Prayudi Satria
Published: January 2024

This study examines the impact of a gender mainstreaming-based blended learning flipped classroom model on the solidarity values and problem-solving abilities of students. The acquisition of problem-solving skills and the cultivation of values related to solidarity are imperative proficiencies in the context of 21st-century dynamics. These competencies serve as pivotal attributes for students aspiring to navigate the intricacies of communal and national challenges. An existing quandary lies in the domain of primary education within the Aceh province, and the pedagogical landscape within primary schools has not incorporated the essential dimension of nurturing adeptness in problem-solving. This is because learning is still teacher-centered and needs more student engagement. Therefore, a model should be developed to address the issue of gender mainstreaming-based blended learning in a flipped classroom model. This research aims to develop a model for developing a blended learning flipped class based on gender mainstreaming to increase students' solidarity values ​​and problem-solving abilities. This study employed a development model that referred to the 4-D model proposed by S. Thiagarajan et al., consisting of definition, design, development, and dissemination. The sample consisted of fifth-grade elementary school students from SD Negeri Kajhu, Aceh Besar Regency, who were taught using the gender mainstreaming-based blended learning flipped classroom model. The results showed that the developed learning model created more meaningful learning experiences. Solidarity values and problem-solving abilities of students increased when taught with the learning model.
Impact of internal factors on product innovation: Empirical Evidence from Vietnamese textile and garment firms
Authors: Huong Vu Thi Thu , Thanh Nguyen Đac
Published: January 2024

This article aims to examine the internal factors affecting product innovation in Vietnamese textile and garment enterprises. The study used statistical methods and logit regression models along with data collected from the 2021 Economic Census of the General Statistics Office of Vietnam. The research results show some statistically significant results, as follows: (i) enterprises with state capital account for the lowest proportion in the sample but have the highest product innovation rate, and the proportion of product innovation in textile and garment enterprises increases gradually with enterprise size; (ii) enterprise characteristics (employee size and import-export activities) have a positive influence on product innovation; (iii) characteristics of business owners including gender, level of expertise, and gender diversity among owners all influence product innovation; (iv) applying information technology (using the internet, management software, automation systems, and spending on software) has a positive influence on product innovation; (v) enterprise resources for innovation including capital intensity and research and development activities have a positive influence, while, labor costs have a negative influence on product innovation. Furthermore, the role of capital intensity in product innovation depends on the type of enterprise. Specifically, this influence is strongest for enterprises with 100% foreign capital but is not statistically significant for joint-stock companies that do not have state capital. The research results are the basis for proposing solutions and recommendations to increase the product innovation of textile and garment enterprises in Vietnam.
Optimism vs. pessimism: Exploring the dual realities of WFH among EFL tertiary learners during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pammu Abidin , Hamuddin Budianto
Published: January 2024

This study focuses on English as Foreign Language (EFL) students at Hasanuddin University, Makassar, to explore the effects of the shift to Working from Home (WFH) learning. The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically altered the educational landscape, especially in higher education. It aims to understand the psychological impact and the range of attitudes towards this new mode of learning among EFL students. This research involved students from two cohorts (2020 and 2021). A sample of 60 participants was chosen to complete an online perception questionnaire distributed via Google Forms. The study employed content analysis within an interpretative paradigm to analyze the responses. Analysis of the data revealed a dichotomy in student perspectives, categorizing them as "optimisms" and "pessimisms" based on their attitudes towards WFH learning. The findings highlighted a variety of psychological impacts experienced by the students, encompassing both negative and positive aspects. The results indicate significant implications for EFL educators. They suggest a need for increased focus on online pedagogical methods and emphasize the importance of adaptability, flexibility, and productivity in the evolving educational environment. The study also sheds light on the diverse psychological experiences of students, underscoring the need for educational strategies that cater to these varied needs. This study provides critical insights into the perceptions and psychological impacts of WFH learning on EFL students at Hasanuddin University. It underscores the challenges and opportunities presented by the transition to online learning, offering valuable guidance for educators in similar contexts.
States and needs of information and digital knowledge access training in government services in Satun province, Thailand
Authors: Saengtong Thanidaphat , Kaewsuwan Nawapon , Theppaya Thapanee
Published: January 2024

This research aimed to study the state and needs of information and digital knowledge access training. The research was conducted using a mixed method with in-depth interviews. Digital literacy training is an important issue for reducing inequality in access to information and digital knowledge, which is important to living, occupation, and basic rights. A group discussion of 30 people and a questionnaire with a group of 405 people were used in urban-style communities and rural-style communities. They were in the community area, aged from 20 to 59 years old, and recruited with a specific method according to the rural-urban continuum model by Dewey. Data were analyzed by content-based synthesis according to the classification approach and statistical methods. It was found that (1) current states of accessing information and digital knowledge are problematic in terms of access to signals, networks, and the management of community leaders. Overall, the state of information and digital knowledge access was at a moderate level. (2) For training needs, it was found that there was unstable and unequal access and disparity in all areas. What is needed is to support the reduction of inequality in access to information and knowledge by involving all agencies in creating a training curriculum. Overall, the attitudes and demands for accessibility training were at a moderate level. The result can be used as a guideline regarding cooperation among local government agencies to participate in analyzing conditions, problems, and needs in accessing information and digital knowledge according to the basic rights of the people.
Research on factors influencing tourists’ adoption of virtual reality technology based on VAM
Authors: Wang Jinjin
Published: January 2024

The present study utilizes the Value-based Adoption Model (VAM) to examine the determinants that influence the adoption of Virtual Reality (VR) technology for virtual tourism among domestic visitors. The focus is on perceived value, considering both benefits and costs. Data was collected from 238 visitors at a VR theme park. A questionnaire measured perceived value, benefits (novelty, visual appeal, usefulness), costs (expenses, discomfort, complexity), and hedonic motivation. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationships between variables. Perceived novelty, visual appeal, and usefulness positively influence perceived value, while perceived discomfort and complexity negatively impact it. Hedonic motivation also has a positive influence. Perceived cost doesn't significantly impact perceived value. To promote VR adoption in tourism, attractions should enhance perceived benefits (novelty, visual appeal, usefulness) and reduce perceived costs (discomfort, complexity). Interactivity and entertainment elements can enhance enjoyment and value. Visual content should be realistic and appealing. The comfort of VR devices is crucial, and complex usage should be avoided. Future research can explore gender and age differences and rural adoption intentions. This study contributes to the literature by providing insights into the factors driving VR adoption for virtual tourism. It underscores the role of perceived value and hedonic motivation in shaping consumers' intentions to use VR technology for tourism experiences. Moreover, the findings offer practical guidance to marketers in promoting VR adoption within the tourism context.
Iran’s Generational Leadership Change
Authors: Boroujerdi Mehrzad
Published: January 2024

این مقاله به مطالعه برخی ویژگی‌‌های مهم صاحب منصبان سیاسی در جمهوری اسلامی می‌پردازد که بیش از چهار دهه بر اریکه قدرت تکیه زده اند. با نگاهی ریزبین به آینده، مقاله چشم‌اندازی از فرایند تحول مسندنشینان را به دست می‌دهد و از تغییراتی که انتظار می‌رود طی پنج تا ده سال آینده رخ دهد سخن می‌گوید. علاوه بر این، نویسنده روند ورود به مدار قدرت در رژیم اسلامی را بررسی می‌کند تا ببیند که آیا «حلقه قدرت» در حال انقباض است یا خیر. این مقاله با تکیه بر یک تحقیق تجربی جامع که شامل ۲۵۸۴ نفر از صاحب منصبان سیاسی جمهوری اسلامی از سال ۱۳۵۷ تا ۱۴۰۲ می‌باشد، مجموعه‌ای از داده‌های مهم در مورد اینان را ارائه می‌کند. این داده‌ها شامل خصوصیاتی مانند زادگاه آنها، توزیع سنی، ترکیب جنسیتی، سوابق شغلی پدرانشان، میزان زندانی شدن قبل از انقلاب، مشارکت آنها در احزاب سیاسی، و وزنه حضور روحانیون، رزمندگان جنگ ایران و عراق و اعضای سابق سپاه پاسداران در نهادهای سیاسی مهم می‌شود. نویسنده با استفاده از این انبوه اطلاعات آماری، پنج ایده در مورد ظهور قریب الوقوع یک قشر نخبگان تکنوکراتیک «با غلظت ایدئولوژیک پایین» در میان طبقه سیاست ورزان ارائه می‌دهد. او می‌گوید این نسل جدید رهبران با چالش دوگانه پذیرش و مماشات با مردمی که از نظام سرخورده هستند روبرو خواهد بود که می‌تواند نقطه عطفی را در تحول سیاسی ایران رقم زند.
Passados cruzados: as histórias da historiografia brasileira de Astrogildo Rodrigues de Melo e Pedro Moacyr Campos (1951--1961)
Authors: Freire Diego
Published: January 2024

O corrente texto analisa a maneira como dois historiadores, nos idos dos anos 1950–1960, construíram passados para a historiografia brasileira, no momento em que este saber passava por um processo de disciplinarização em bases universitárias. Astrogildo Rodrigues de Melo e Pedro Moacyr Campos, no alvorecer da segunda metade do século passado, arquitetaram um passado disciplinar para a história no Brasil, de modo que se pretende discutir justamente tal fabricação pretérita.
Um olhar de estranhamento: subjetividades nos percursos da vida e do trabalho docente em 2014
Authors: Silva Antônia
Published: January 2024

Essa reflexão é fruto de uma atividade proposta pela coordenadora do PIBID/ URCA, no ano de 2014. Teve como intuito educar o olhar. Instigar e refletir sobre o que nos parece ser banal. Foi proposto que cada bolsista e supervisor observasse o seu percurso diário buscando olhar o que nos passa despercebido na correria do dia a dia, lançando um olhar problematizador, desnaturalizando o que já estamos acostumados a ver, ou que na verdade nem vemos mais por já está naturalizado ou por não termos tempo de enxergar. O percurso observado do qual trato está situado na cidade de Crato Ceará, trajeto Bairro Mirandão, onde resido para o Bairro Vila Alta, onde trabalho. O conteúdo desse texto é subjetivo e reflete a minha forma de sentir a realidade no momento da observação, bem como é fruto de uma visão influenciada pela minha rotina atribulada no ano de 2014.
Noite de inverno
Authors: Silva Mateus
Published: January 2024

Era uma noite de inverno e os termómetros não precisavam anunciar. Todos já sentiam, é certo que uns muito mais que os outros, a frieza daquela noite. Se nós, nas ruas, falássemos, mesmo que baixinho, uma densa fumaça branca sairia de nossas bocas e narinas. Se nos tocássemos, fora do cobertor, a ponta de nossos dedos se enrugariam imediatamente. Se nos beijássemos, nossas línguas se secariam, nossas bocas se rachariam. Se, por algum deslize, escorregássemos para o chão, fora do papelão úmido, congelaríamos. No entanto, tudo isso pouco importava, não poderiam impedir o toque carinhoso, pois arriscaríamos o infortúnio de qualquer modo, implicitamente já havíamos prometido aquecer um ao outro em todas as noites frias, seja com os olhos, com as mãos, com a boca ou simplesmente com o amor.
Scapular muscle endurance, shoulder pain, and functionality in patients with rotator-cuff-related shoulder pain: a matched, case-control study
Authors: Sözlü Uğur , Başar Selda , Kanatlı Ulunay
Published: January 2024

Background: Deficiency in scapular muscle endurance (SME) is a risk factor for rotator-cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP). However, the exact relationship among SME, pain, and functionality remains unclear. This study aims to compare SME, pain, and functionality in RCRSP patients to those in age-gender-matched healthy controls.Method: Twenty-three patients with RCRSP and 23 age-gender matched healthy controls were included in the study. SME was measured using a 1-kg dynamometer. Self-reported pain level was assessed using a visual analog scale. The Functional Impairment Test-Hand, Neck, Shoulder, and Arm (FIT-HaNSA) was also used to assess functional impairment.Results: The control group had higher SME and total FIT-HaNSA scores than the patient group (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant and positive correlation between SME and FIT-HaNSA scores in both groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: SME was affected by RCRSP. Pain and functional impairment were correlated with low SME.Level of evidence: IV.
In silico characterization of nifH gene of Rhizobium sp. TN04 isolated from the rhizosphere of non-leguminous potato plants
Authors: Naqqash Tahir , Muhammad Syed Aun , Hussain Syed Bilal , Kashif Hanif Muhammad , Arshad Muhammad
Published: January 2024

The reliance on nitrogen (N) fertilizers in global crop production has led to significant environmental concerns and economic burdens due to their excessive usage. In order to effectively address this problem, a comprehensive understanding of biological N-fixation (BNF), governed by the Nif genes is essential. In legumes, the role of Rhizobium in BNF is well-established. However, limited studies are available regarding the function and structure of nif genes in non-leguminous plants using in silico modeling. Therefore, the present study was conducted to predict the structural and functional analysis of nifH gene from a Rhizobium strain isolated from potato plant. Various bioinformatics tools (ExPasy ProtParam, PSIPRED, MEMSAT-SVM, CATH classification, COFACTOR, COACH and STRING) were used to predict the primary, secondary and 3D structure of nifH protein. Results showed that TN04 has stable structure and hydrophobic nature similar to Rhizobium sp. S1SS148 and R. rosettiformans. Amino acid composition showed presence of different resides with glycine being most prevalent. Secondary structure analysis proved its stability due to the presence of coils, helices, and sheets. The nifH protein model derived from TN04 using I-TASSER displayed excellent structural characteristics, as confirmed by ERRAT. Functional annotations highlighted enzyme similarities and specific ligand-binding sites associated with nitrogenase activity. CATH categorization revealed the presence of a P-loop NTPase domain known to bind nucleotides, which can affect the activity of nitrogenase. In addition, the investigation of protein-protein interactions using STRING suggested potential interactions between nifH protein of TN04 and several nif proteins, hinting at its possible involvement in N-fixation. The results of these studies shed light on possible N-fixation mechanisms in Rhizobium sp. TN04 in non-legumes. Based on these predictions, the results suggest the possible pathways for implementation of sustainable agricultural methods. However, further studies are necessary to validate these findings and investigate the role of Rhizobium sp. TN04 in N-fixation in non-leguminous plants, thus, enhancing understanding in this domain.
O uso sublingual dos Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina (IECA): uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Linhares Mateus Rodrigues , De Souza Arthur Vinicios Araújo , Rocha Carina da Silva , Araujo Philipe de Pina , Mamede Thiago Ferreira , Oliveira Beatriz Dias , Pucci Leonardo Ferreira , De Moreira Brandon Andrade , De Brito Bárbara Freitas , Laranjeiras Neto Jocelino Antônio , Lima Marcelo Jorge de Castro , Diesel Monique Reinert , Gomes Wallace da Silva , Jalal Hilal Basel , Braga Júnior Celso Edgar Dornelas , Cardoso Pedro Borges , Figueiredo Gabriel Dimas Rodrigues , Scandolara Junior Leonardo , Galvão Rodrigo Góes de Oliveira , Campos Natália Lopes de Siqueira
Published: January 2024

A hipertensão arterial é definida como a pressão arterial sistólica ≥ 140 mmHg ou pressão arterial diastólica ≥ 90 mmHg. Já a crise hipertensiva, definida como níveis de pressão arterial sistólica >180 mmHg e/ou níveis de pressão arterial diastólica >120 mmHg, é uma condição caracterizada pela elevação sintomática rápida e inadequada da pressão arterial (PA), comumente observada em serviços de emergência. Contudo, sabe-se que aproximadamente 80% dos adultos com hipertensão têm recomendação para tratamento, que inclui modificação do estilo de vida e administração de diuréticos, inibidores da enzima conversora da angiotensina (IECA), bloqueadores dos receptores de angiotensina (BRA) e bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio, mas apenas cerca de 50% deles recebe assistência adequada, e o objetivo do tratamento de pacientes com crise hipertensiva é interromper a lesão de órgãos-alvo. Dessa forma, com o crescente corpo de literatura sobre o uso sublingual dos inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina, as consequências para o paciente e a comparação com o tratamento oral, foi possível a realização de uma revisão integrativa de literatura por meio da plataforma pubmed, com seleção e análise criteriosa dos artigos, a fim de revisar e analisar as evidências atuais sobre o uso sublingual de IECA e suas consequências para os pacientes. Nesta revisão foi identificado que tanto o tratamento com captopril sublingual como com outros anti-hipertensivos parenterais e orais são igualmente seguras e eficientes no tratamento de pacientes com urgência hipertensiva, mas no tratamento corriqueiro da hipertensão arterial, fora de crise, prefere-se inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina por via oral. Ademais, o captopril sublingual está relacionado ao surgimento de angioedema da língua e orofaringe, que é uma reação adversa rara e potencialmente fatal. Outro ponto importante encontrado é que a diminuição da PAS, da PAD e da PAM em 10 minutos foi mais proeminente no grupo do captopril sublingual. No estudo, descobriu-se que o captopril sublingual diminui a PA de forma mais eficiente nos primeiros 30 minutos, mas essa diferença se igualou aos 60 minutos, não existindo superioridade.
Analysis of the Dark Matter Halos and the Relation to Galactic Evolution Based on IllustrisTNG50
Authors: Peng Jingyi
Published: January 2024

In recent years, plenty of simulations have been carried out in order to investigate the relationship between galaxy evolution and dark matter halos. This study used the powerful IllustrisTNG50 simulation to investigate the nature of dark matter halos and explore their intricate relationship to galactic evolution. Based on careful analysis of the simulation data, this research investigates various features of dark matter halos, including their distribution, density profile, shape, and color. The analysis revealed distinct patterns in the distribution of dark matter halos in different mass ranges, illuminating the intricate interplay between dark matter and cosmic structure. In addition, this paper investigated the influence of dark matter halos on the collection and distribution of galaxies within them. These results revealed that galaxies tend to concentrate in the central regions of halos, due to the violent gravitational force that pulls surrounding galaxies toward the center. This phenomenon resulted in densely populated clusters of galaxies in the central regions of the halos, comprising numerous galaxies.
Research on the Optimal Design of Heliostat Field Based on Simulated Annealing Algorithm
Authors: Nan Shanwei
Published: January 2024

This paper focuses on the optimized design of the heliostat field in depth. First, the spatial relationship between the sun and the heliostat mirror field is determined by calculating the sun's declination, altitude, and azimuth angles, as well as the normal direct radiation irradiance (DNI). Second, the shadow obscuration area and the annual average optical efficiency of each mirror were determined by vector differentiation and mechanistic analysis, combined with Monte Carlo methods. Finally, optimization calculations were performed using a simulated annealing algorithm to derive the optimal values of each decision variable and the corresponding annual average output thermal power.
A Novel Non-Contact Inspection Method for Measuring the Centering Error of Spherical Singlet Lens
Authors: Sun Ping
Published: January 2024

As one of the important factors which can seriously affect the image quality, the centering error can be introduced during lens manufacturing and assembling process. Thus, the method to measure the centering error becomes a popular topic in industry. This study mainly introduces one new non-contact measurement method for spherical singlet lens’s centering error. It includes two parts: test lens aligns with rotation axis by using powermeter to measure the unrefracted light power, and centering error is calculated by measuring the center trough position change in the diffraction pattern while rotating the test lens. According to the analysis, with specific optical layout design (fiber laser, collimated lens, aperture, three independent jaws precise rotary stage with test lens, powermeter / CCD with telecentric lens). Based on the results of multi-trials, it determines the alignment of the test lens on the rotary stage and finds the centering error of test lens =5.5798×10-4 arc. The precision of the result is also discussed. This method has advantages including economics, less complex operation procedure, high precision and sensitivity, large compatibility for all symmetric spherical lens, which provides another new and effective solution to measure the centering error in the lens manufacture and metrology industry.
Research on the Influencing Factors of Depression Based on Regression Analysis
Authors: Lu Yicheng , Zhu Kefan
Published: January 2024

With the rapid development of living standards, mental health has gradually become a topic of concern in people's daily lives. Among the many psychological problems of the 21st century, depression has become a widespread concern. The symptoms of depression include low mood, unhappiness, inability to find things that interest oneself, and a decline in willpower. According to the latest statistics from the World Health Organization, about 5% of adults worldwide suffer from mild or severe depression, and some of them choose to have a light life. This shows that the negative impact of depression is very significant. Therefore, scientists from around the world are also further studying the causes of depression and the related factors that affect the probability of depression occurrence. This article conducted regression analysis and correlation coefficient analysis on the influencing factors of depression. Firstly, by comparing the impact of the probabilities of bidirectional emotional disorders, dietary disorders, and alcohol use disorders in different countries on the incidence of depression. Furthermore, the per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of different countries and the changes in the incidence of depression over time and after the promulgation of relevant policies were analyzed.
Deep Learning-Based Lane Detection: An In-depth Analysis
Authors: Wu Yuhang
Published: January 2024

Lane detection technology is mainly studied in the traditional method at first, but this method is not suitable for practice. Because in some unfavorable conditions usually do not have the required robustness of autonomous driving systems. Later, Deep learning-based techniques that could increase recognition speed and accuracy were put forth. However, in the complex and changing environment, the recognition accuracy would be reduced, so the current methods need to be strengthened. This paper compares the classical methods based on image segmentation and object detection. The classical object detection algorithms such as VPGNet, Spatial CNN and spatial-temporal deep learning are introduced. In addition, the classical image segmentation methods such as Lanenet, UNet-ConvLSTM and MMA-Net are also introduced. By comparing the performance of these methods on different data sets, the advantages and problems of these methods are analyzed, and the development trend of these methods in this field is predicted. Overall, at the end of this review, the full text is summarized and prospected.
Design and Optimization of S+C Band Fiber Amplifier
Authors: Geng Tianqi
Published: January 2024

At present, with the continuous improvement of the information transmission rate required by society, the low-bandwidth amplification characteristics of ordinary fiber amplifiers can not meet the needs of people for quality of communication. Therefore, more and more people focus on the research of ultra-wideband fiber amplifier. There are many methods that can perform UWB(Ultra-wide Bandwidth) amplification, such as multi-ion doped fiber amplifiers and parallel fiber amplifiers. In this paper, the model based on parallel fiber amplifier will be established and discussed. According to the wavelength range, energy level structure and electron transport, the velocity and energy transfer equations are established. When the total pump power is 500mW, the gain spectrum is calculated by MATLAB programming, and the doping concentration of the two sections of fiber is optimized by genetic algorithm, so that the peak difference between the two sections of fiber amplifier is minimized, and the design optimization of the parallel fiber amplifier is completed.
Analysis of Shallow Water Equation Based on Tsunami Simulations: Evidence from the Pacific Ocean
Authors: Xing Shaohang
Published: January 2024

Tsunamis, particularly prevalent in the Pacific Ocean's "Ring of Fire" region, present both a scientific intrigue and a societal concern due to their potential for devastation. Central to understanding and predicting these phenomena is the Shallow Water Equations (SWEs), which describe the horizontal motion of water waves. This study delves into the specific behaviors of tsunamis in the Pacific coast, utilizing comprehensive oceanographic and seismological data from the Pacific Oceanographic Institute (POI) spanning two decades. Through the lens of the SWEs, the impacts of bathymetric features and coastal topography on tsunamis are analyzed from the perspective of propagation, wave period, and frequency. Findings highlighted the significant role of solitons or solitary waves and the destructive force they exert, especially in shallow waters. While the SWE-based models have greatly assisted in developing real-time warning systems, reducing fatalities and damages, they also present certain limitations, e.g., assuming a flat seafloor and neglecting factors such as Earth's rotation, vertical fluid motion, and real-world marine conditions like turbulence. The study underscores the need for continuous refinement of these models, emphasizing the integration of observational data with advanced computational methods to enhance tsunami prediction and preparedness.
An Analysis of Solutions to the Frame Consistency Problem in Video style Transfer based on GAN
Authors: Hu Yuhang , Zhou Zeyu
Published: January 2024

Video style transfer has emerged as a significant area within the realm of neural style transfer, holding promise for diverse applications. In this context, GANs have gained traction for their advantages in addressing temporal consistency concerns. This paper explores various strategies to manage frame consistency within GAN-based video-style conversion. It delves into techniques such as Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), 3D convolutions, inter-frame continuity in the discriminator, and time loss functions. The research highlights key studies that employ RNNs to complement GAN-based frameworks for improved temporal consistency. The study also evaluates a range of other approaches, such as introducing inter-frame continuity in the discriminator and applying time loss functions to minimize visual discrepancies. Through this analysis, the paper contributes insights into the evolving landscape of video style transfer techniques, guiding researchers towards effective strategies for achieving frame consistency and advancing the field.
Carbon Emission Scenario Projections Based on STIRPAT Modeling: Evidence from Anhui
Authors: Li Jiyu
Published: January 2024

As a matter of fact, carbon emission is a hot topic in contemporary society. This paper focuses on the carbon emission problem in Anhui Province, and adopts the IPCC method to measure the industrial carbon emission and total carbon emission in each region of Anhui Province, and analyses the decoupling of GDP and carbon emission in each region of the province from 2011 to 2020 based on the Tapio decoupling model. In addition, this study constructs a prediction model for the trend of carbon emission in the industrial sector of Anhui Province by using the STIRPAT model, and sets up three different scenarios for the indicators of the size of the industrial economy, the industrial output value per capita, the energy structure, the energy intensity, and the intensity of the industrial sector's carbon emission in Anhui, including the energy saving, the baseline, and the aggressive scenarios. According to the analysis, weakly decoupled relationship between GDP and carbon emissions in various regions of Anhui Province. In addition, the peak carbon emissions are 459.27 million tons, 493.25 million tons, and 562.48 million tons in 2030, 2035, and 2040 in the three different scenarios, namely, energy conservation, baseline, and aggressive scenarios, respectively.
Analyzing Factors Affect the Comprehensive Evaluation of Smartphones
Authors: Guan Zheng , Kang Weilian , Liu Shuang
Published: January 2024

With the continuous progress of modern technology and the more prevalent of smartphones, smartphones have become an indispensable part of people's lives. Nowadays, with a vast number of powerful and different-priced smartphones in the market, consumers always face many choices when purchasing. Through extensive document searching, key dimensions of factors of the evaluation process were identified by this study, including hardware specifications, system software, user experiences, pricing, and brand reputation. By using the descriptive statistics method, these factors are discussed in multiple dimensions, which analyzed the influence of hardware performance on user evaluation. The hardware and price of a phone have a vital impact on users' purchasing decisions. Brand building and word-of-mouth management are also crucial for phone manufacturers. Users tend to choose more cost-effective phones to get satisfactory performance and experience within a limited budget. According to the results of the analysis, mobile phone manufacturers need to consider many factors such as hardware performance, software ecology, brand awareness and price to fit user's needs. In addition, providing quality post-sales service and focusing on the balance between price and performance will help attract more consumers to choose its products. Understanding users' preferences of different factors for smartphones has important guiding meaning for manufacturers' marketing strategies and product planning.
Analysis of Chaos Fluctuations in Atmospheric Prediction, Fluid Mechanics and Power System Load Forecasting
Authors: Du Mengxuan
Published: January 2024

Chaos fluctuation is one of the hottest topics in differential equations and dynamics systems. On this basis, this study discusses the development of chaos theory, introduces Lorenz's discovery of the butterfly effect, Ruelle's research on strange attractors, and Mandelbrot's contributions to fractals; briefly explains the basic principles of chaos theory and bifurcation theory and analyzes them based on partial differential equations. It provides the Lyapunov exponent method for identifying chaos and illustrates the basic properties and laws of chaotic motion using the Logistic map as an example; focuses on the applications of chaos theory in atmospheric science, fluid mechanics, and load forecasting, explaining the basic principles, research methods, and roles of the theory in solving these three complex fields involving disaster prediction, turbulence analysis, SVM model and Legendre orthogonal basis neural networks. Finally, this paper analyzes the limitations of chaos theory in the study of multiple parameters, multiple scales, and unknown influencing factors. These results express hope for the development of chaos theory in more fields such as communication, quantum computing, and biomedical science, giving prospects for the future.
Investigation of the radiation of Cs-137 and the half life of Ba-137m in the release water from nuclear reactor
Authors: Zeng Weixiang
Published: January 2024

Nuclear radiation is the release of energy in the form of high-speed charged particles or electromagnetic waves, producing ions. High doses ionizing radiation can damage cells or organs and even cause death. In 2011, a tsunami struck near Fukushima, Japan, caused a serious radiation accident at the Fukushima nuclear power station. This paper investigates the release of treated wastewater from Japan’s Fukushima nuclear plant into the Pacific Ocean and focuses the transformation of Cs-137 into Ba-137m and whether Ba-137m poses significant radioactive hazards in order to find out whether the treatment of Cs-137 by the plant is appropriate. Firstly, I simulated and studied the relationship between output signals of the Geiger tube at the different operating high voltage. Then, I have analytically studied the half-life of Ba-137m radiation source and obtained a half-life result through fitting (133 seconds). Finally, some discussion results of the release of treated wastewater were described.
Analysis of Category and the State-of-art Observations of Black Holes
Authors: Xu Padi
Published: January 2024

As a matter of fact, black holes observation and investigation is one of the most mysterious part of astrophysics and cosmology. With the rapid development of techniques, high accuracy observation and detection are available based on the state-of-art facilities and detectors. With this in mind, this research paper aims to delves into all aspects of black holes, including their formation, properties, singularities, gravitational effects, and effects on the universe and matter. The mysterious and captivating nature of black holes has sparked an immense amount of interest in theoretical physics and astronomy. Through the examination of general relativity, the kinds of black holes, and the most recent astronomical observations, one can gain a deeper comprehension of these enigmatic entities and unlock their mysteries. According to the analysis, the current limitations and prospects will be demonstrated at the same time. Overall, these results offer a guideline for further exploration of black holes.
Study on Drug Sensitivity Test for Detection of Mycoplasma Infection by Computer Aided Biological Immune Mechanism
Authors: Ling He , Erlong Cao , Xiao Tan
Published: January 2024

Mycoplasma microbium infection is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Rapid screening of a large number of pathogenic agents by multiple pathogen detection has become an important technique for mycoplasma infection detection. In this paper, the effects of diffusion factors on the kinetics of pathogens interacting with host immune cells were studied. A pathogen - host immune response diffusion model with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions was established. Using the theory of partial differential equations, we discuss the distribution of eigen roots of linearized systems at the positive equilibrium solution, and obtain the critical condition for the model to undergo Turing instability at the positive equilibrium solution. It is found that multiple detection technology platform has practical value for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms in acute infection diseases. In particular, it is of great significance in solving the problem of epidemiological etiological analysis.