bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Approaches for Activity Recognition and/or Activity Prediction in Locomotion Assistive Devices—A Systematic Review
Authors: Labarrière Floriant , Thomas Elizabeth , Calistri Laurine , Optasanu Virgil , Gueugnon Mathieu , Ornetti Paul , Laroche Davy
Published: November 2020

Locomotion assistive devices equipped with a microprocessor can potentially automatically adapt their behavior when the user is transitioning from one locomotion mode to another. Many developments in the field have come from machine learning driven controllers on locomotion assistive devices that recognize/predict the current locomotion mode or the upcoming one. This review synthesizes the machine learning algorithms designed to recognize or to predict a locomotion mode in order to automatically adapt the behavior of a locomotion assistive device. A systematic review was conducted on the Web of Science and MEDLINE databases (as well as in the retrieved papers) to identify articles published between 1 January 2000 to 31 July 2020. This systematic review is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and is registered on Prospero (CRD42020149352). Study characteristics, sensors and algorithms used, accuracy and robustness were also summarized. In total, 1343 records were identified and 58 studies were included in this review. The experimental condition which was most often investigated was level ground walking along with stair and ramp ascent/descent activities. The machine learning algorithms implemented in the included studies reached global mean accuracies of around 90%. However, the robustness of those algorithms seems to be more broadly evaluated, notably, in everyday life. We also propose some guidelines for homogenizing future reports.
Links between Attitudes, Mode Choice, and Travel Satisfaction: A Cross-Border Long-Commute Case Study
Authors: Gerber Philippe , Thériault Marius , Enaux Christophe , Carpentier-Postel Samuel
Published: November 2020

This paper focuses on a particular form of high mobility, namely the long journeys to work generated by cross-border job market. More precisely, it studies the impact of such behaviors on well-being by analyzing the relationships between mode choice, transport-related attitudes, socio-demographic and spatial attributes, and the level of satisfaction in the context of cross-border long commutes to Luxembourg. The statistical modelling is rooted to a conceptual framework that emphasizes the mutual dependencies between attitudes, mode choice, and satisfaction. Based on a survey among long-distance commuters (N = 3093) held in 2010 and 2011, two ordered logistic regressions, one of which including latent constructs of transport-related attitudes derived from a structural equation modelling, are developed to explain satisfaction in commuting. Main findings are: (1) Travel-related attitudes influence satisfaction with travel more than socio-demographic attributes; (2) public transport users are globally more satisfied in commuting than car drivers; (3) the socio-economic model of satisfaction is plagued by omitted variables issues; (4) the attitude model of satisfaction drops all but one socio-economic attributes (education remains) while improving adjustment (Pseudo-R-squared = 0.57 versus 0.09; BIC = 2953 versus 6059) and avoiding omitted variables bias. The effect of attitudes and other latent constructs is of paramount importance, even concealing most socio-demographic attributes to assess satisfaction. The conclusion is devoted to a discussion on the sustainability of these cross-border long commutes from the individual, social, and environmental points of view.
Sustainable Development, Energy Transition, and Climate Challenges in the Context of Gender: The Framework of Gender Determinants of Environmental Orientation in Poland
Authors: Żuk Piotr , Pacześniak Anna
Published: November 2020

How does gender affect attitudes towards ecology? This question is of particular interest in a society where conservative and populist power elites perceive the concepts of “gender” and “ecology” as manifestations of “foreign” cultural influences. In turn, the dependence of the Polish energy system on coal forces us to look for various social factors that may support energy transition and the principles of sustainable development. The article outlines the results of computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) research on a representative sample of Polish society composed of 1.001 people and analyses the gender differentiation of attitudes towards the policy of sustainable development in Poland. The results presented in this article clearly show that women in Poland constitute an important support for ecological activities and energy transition. This is also the case with the entire progressive vision of politics: Women have become its main driver and an opportunity for change.
Regenerative Belt Conveyor versus Haul Truck-Based Transport: Polish Open-Pit Mines Facing Sustainable Development Challenges
Authors: Kawalec Witold , Król Robert , Suchorab Natalia
Published: November 2020

The mining industry is facing sustainable development challenges, among which the energy efficiency issues seem to be of major importance. As transport of the mined ore is considered as one of the most energy intensive operations, the improvement of its energy efficiency is a key indicator in terms of sustainable actions taken by mining companies. In open-pit mines, the material handling operations are mostly performed with trucks. Their electrified version—truck trolley systems—surpass diesel trucks’ efficiency while comparing the increased production capacity and the reduction of maintenance cost and fuel consumption. The paper analyzes the opportunities and benefits of the replacement of an ore transport system based on hauling trucks with a regenerative belt conveying in an open-pit mine. Presented case study has been analyzed from energy consumption and environmental impact reduction perspectives. Generally, conception of a regenerative conveyor is based on recuperation of energy or continuous braking needed while a conveyor is running downhill. Energy generated during the braking process (converted from the potential gravitational energy of the conveyed material) is fed back to the electrical grid. Then the regenerative conveyor can be considered as a machine that mines energy as an additional by-product of an exploited deposit. It was shown that difference in transportation cost between haul trucks and energy efficient regenerative conveyors is around 95%. The paper points the conditioning elements to allow the implementation of a regenerative belt conveyor system.
The Benefits of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for Southern Africa: A Review
Authors: Ilo Obianuju P. , Simatele Mulala D. , Nkomo S’phumelele L. , Mkhize Ntandoyenkosi M. , Prabhu Nagendra G.
Published: November 2020

Globally, water hyacinth is a known invasive species that predominantly threatens the pillars of sustainability. The cost of controlling these invasive plants is high and many Southern African countries are barely equipped for this liability as the process has to be performed over time. Despite this challenge, there is valuable resource recovery from water hyacinth which can be used to make financial and environmental returns. The visible differences between the control and utilisation methods lie in the definition, recognition, and matching of costs and benefits. Using a rapid appraisal of existing literature, which was analysed using meta-analysis, the current paper is an attempt to discuss the beneficial use of water hyacinth. It is argued in the paper that the economic feasibility of control methods which, on one hand, are used to calculate the economic value of water hyacinth, mainly relies on assumptions whose reliability and sustainability are questionable, thus implying limitations on using this kind of control methods. On the other hand, the costs and benefits of utilising water hyacinth can be quantifiable, making them susceptible to changes associated with time value and sensitivity analysis of possible fluctuations in cashflows. In the context of these annotations, other scholars have argued for the consideration of other utilisation alternatives, among which is included biogas which has been identified as the most viable option because of its potential in diversifying the energy mix, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and contributing to improved water quality. Given these observations, this paper aims to contribute to policy and research discussions on the fiscal understandings of the material recovery from water hyacinth to promote the adoption of biogas technology. These views are discussed within the broader discourse of the sustainable development goals (SDGs).
Energy Efficiency: A Multi-Criteria Evaluation Method for the Intervention on Built Heritage
Authors: Garzulino Andrea
Published: November 2020

The awareness that a historic building is a complex system made up of interdependent parts and endowed with a specific energetic behavior is now widespread. Therefore, the energy improvement of a historic building does not only consist of designing individual construction elements or high-performance materials. On the contrary, it is based on the ability to analyze the buildings and recognize and enhance the specific thermal characteristics of each individual situation. Over the past two decades, the publication of European directives aimed at improving the energy efficiency of existing buildings has led each country to promulgate national guidelines in order to help operators planning and implementing energy improvement actions for historic buildings. The guidelines of the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage prescribe a method to evaluate the effectiveness of different energy improvement interventions in historic buildings through a qualitative-quantitative analysis based on static energy simulation. However, the ministerial guidelines do not prescribe any method for the analytical evaluation of other key issues aimed at the success of any energy improvement action for the historic building. Based on the literary and standard review on EEHB 2000–2020, this paper presents a multi-criteria comparative analysis method of energy improvement techniques for historic buildings in order to support operators in choosing the most suitable action for each case study. The method analyses each energy improvement technique according to four parameters: energy efficiency (increase in expected efficiency), compatibility (ability to ensure the protection of the morphological, material, and architectural features of the historic building), durability, and cost effectiveness. The method is based on descriptive and analytic forms for the different parts of the historic building and for the different improvement actions. These have been experimentally verified on a masonry case study, representative of widespread built heritage. The result opens the possibility of implementing the national guidelines and increasing their effectiveness.
Ecopreneurial Education and Support: Developing the Innovators of Today and Tomorrow
Authors: Manning Louise , Smith Robert , Conley Gillian , Halsey Luke
Published: November 2020

Entrepreneurship and more, particularly ecopreneurship, are essential to drive the sustainable transitions needed in food supply chains. Existing pedagogic frameworks should address these academic disciplines and they should be embedded in the educational curricula. Even when ideas are formed that can drive sustainable change, the process from ideation to commercialization can be difficult: the so-called “valley of death.” This aim of this conceptual paper is to consider pedagogic and program design and the mechanisms required to enaction of a body of practice around entrepreneurship and, more specifically, ecopreneurship, within academic curricula and associated business incubators. This makes this paper of particular interest for academia, policy makers and industry support sectors alike. An existing university that has both a student enterprise and ecopreneurship program and an established agri-technology business incubator and accelerator is used as a case study to provide insight into how progress from ideation to commercialization can be more readily supported in a university setting. From a pedagogical perspective, it is incumbent to develop new conceptual, methodological and theoretically underpinned spiral pedagogies to teach and support future generations of learners at agricultural and land-based colleges and universities as to how to exploit and take advantage of entrepreneurial and ecopreneurial business opportunities. Productization, too, needs to be embedded into the ecopreneurial pedagogy and also consideration of how businesses and their associated ecopreneurs navigate from ideation to successful product/service commercialization.
A Synthetic Bioactive Peptide Derived from the Asian Medicinal Plant Acacia catechu Binds to Dengue Virus and Inhibits Cell Entry
Authors: Panya Aussara , Sawasdee Nunghathai , Songprakhon Pucharee , Tragoolpua Yingmanee , Rotarayanont Siriphorn , Choowongkomon Kiattawee , Yenchitsomanus Pa-thai
Published: November 2020

Dengue virus (DENV) infection has become a critically important globally prevalent infectious disease, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. Since neither currently exists, there is an urgent need for an effective vaccine to prevent, and a specific drug to treat DENV infection. Therapeutic peptides represent an attractive alternative for development into anti-DENV drugs due to their safety and their diverse biological and chemical properties. We recently reported novel bioactive peptides extracted from the Asian medicinal plant Acacia catechu that efficiently inhibited all four DENV serotypes. In this study, we investigated the anti-DENV activity of a synthetic bioactive peptide derived from this plant. The most effective peptide (designated Pep-RTYM) inhibited DENV infection with a half-maximal inhibition concentration value of 7.9 μM. Time-of-addition study demonstrated that Pep-RTYM interacted with DENV particles and inhibited cellular entry. Pep-RTYM at 50 μM significantly reduced DENV production in Vero-kidney epithelial cells about 1000-fold, but it could decrease the virus production in Huh7 hepatocyte cells approximately 40-fold. Binding of Pep-RTYM to DENV particles may prevent virus interaction with cellular receptor and subsequent virus entry. This finding suggests a potential role of Pep-RTYM in the development of a novel anti-DENV drug.
Organizing a microsurgery workshop for residents
Authors: Andrei Marin , Adrian Lungu , Dobrete Nicoleta Amalia , Marin Georgiana Gabriela , Dima Simona Olimpia , Mirela Patricia Sîrbu Boeţi , Popescu Irinel
Published: November 2020

Microsurgery represents an important branch in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. It involves fine skills which doctors need to repair nerves, vessels and thus being able to perform replantation and transplantation of different types of tissue. After traumatic injuries, a plastic surgeon is capable of either coverage of the exposed noble tissue or can perform the replantation of the amputated limb using microsurgery.

This field can be very challenging at the beginning, but very rewarding in the end.  The utility microsurgery is quite vast; however, the skills to perform such surgery require a lot of training beforehand. Before doing any replantation or other tissue transplant in humans, it would be recommended that a surgeon should have a basic microsurgical course completed and afterwards several hours of practice in front of the microscope. Last but not least, one should also test the skills acquired in vivo, in order to improve and perform the correct manoeuvres from the beginning.

In order to do this, a plastic surgery trainee must therefore have a dedicated laboratory where he/she can practice this art. This place should be quiet, equipped with microscopes and microsurgery instruments and authorized to perform experiments on live animals.
A thoracic intradural intramedullary epidermoid in a 12-years old female without any evidence of spinal dysraphism
Authors: Sachan Abhijeet Singh , Sachan Prakrati , Verma Sateesh Chandra , Singh Surjeet
Published: November 2020

The spinal epidermoid lesion is an extremely rare benign condition, seen in < 1% of all spinal tumours and are most commonly associated with spinal dysraphism. They are more common in young children and have female preponderance. They can be either congenital or acquired with congenital being more common. They are most commonly located in the thoracic region. They grow slowly and present with back pain and progressive neurological deficit with or without bladder bowel involvement. We present a case of a 12-year-old female child with gradually progressive neurological deficit in the form of spastic paraparesis and decreased sensation with early bladder involvement. Her contrast MRI dorsolumbar spine showed a  well defined intradural intramedullary lesion hypointense on T1 image, hyperintense on T2 image with no contrast enhancement at D10-D11 level. The patient was managed by surgical intervention with D9-D10-D11 laminectomy with total excision of the mass. Postoperatively on follow up patient had gradually improved motor and sensory symptoms with no improvement in bladder symptoms. Her histopathological study was confirmative of an epidermoid cyst.
An uncommon intracranial malign tumour which was misdiagnosed as Glioblastoma multiforme: Hemangiopericytoma
Authors: Ercan Serdar , Kandemir Turan , Ataizi Zeki Serdasr
Published: November 2020

Background. Hemangiopericytoma (HPC) which is mostly located at the lower extremity and visceral organs was found extremely rare in the central nervous system. Radiological images are not enough to differentiate HPC from other CNS tumours.  The case was analyzed to determine presurgical features for diagnosis and the challenges during surgery.
Case. A 65-year-old male patient with headache was diagnosed as Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) considering the image findings. However, the intraoperative macroscopic shape and tendency to bleeding were not relevant to the GBM. The mass was reported as Hemangiopericytoma which is a malign tumour, originates from pericapillary bodies of veins, and commonly locates out of the CNS.
Conclusion. Even in advanced age and radiologically considered high-grade glial tumours, HPC should be considered in the differential diagnosis for preoperative preparation.
Very late recovery of vision after removal of giant pituitary tumour
Authors: Chowdhury Forhad H , Haque Mohammod Raziul
Published: November 2020

Visual impairment is the most common clinical presentation of the pituitary tumour. Visual recovery usually occurs within days to months after surgical removal of the tumor. We report a case of a giant pituitary tumour where preoperatively there was severe visual impairment. Postoperatively he recovered vision in one eye within three months and the other eye remained completely blind for 5 years, then it began to recover very slowly to a serviceable vision in the next six years.
Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration (ONSF)
Authors: Chowdhury Forhad H. , Haque Mohammod Raziul , Rumi Jalal Uddin Mohammod , Mondal Gurudas , Sarker Mainul Haque , Mohammod Quazi deen
Published: November 2020

Objectives. Optic nerve sheath fenestration (ONSF) is commonly used in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Here we will present our experiences of ONSF in 26 patients with special attention to indications, surgical techniques and results
Methods. The recorded data of patient management (with the result) who underwent ONSF were reviewed and studied retrospectively.
Results. The total number of patients who underwent ONSF was 26. The male-female ratio was 1:12.
Indications of ONSF were: 1. Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH)-23 cases; 2. Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST)-02 cases; 3. CNS Tuberculosis-01case.
All patient underwent bilateral ONSF with post-operative continues lumbar CSF drain for 04 days. After fenestration gush of CSF came out with force in all-first operated eyes whereas 13-second operated eyes showed very little CSF flow after fenestration.
Vision improved in different grades in all cases at discharge except in three cases. Preoperatively, visual acuity was either PL&PR or hand movement in 40 eyes where 04 eyes were preoperatively total blind (no PL&PR). Visual acuity improved in 48 eyes (92.3% eyes) where the patient can do his/her daily life activities including self-care. Improvement in IIH is 100% (23 cases i.e-46 eyes) whereas 01 case out of 02 cases in CVST. Though vision was improved dramatically fundal appearances changes very slowly and very less frequently returned to normal appearance.
Conclusion. Due to the delicate and technically demanding nature of the surgery, safety is a major concern of the ONSF. Our experience showed ONSF is a technically safe operation with very good results where indicated.
Supratentorial PNET in a geriatric patient
Authors: Kharosekar Hrushikesh , Bhople Laxmikant , Pujara Reshma , Ranveer Smita
Published: November 2020

Supratentorial PNETs are most commonly seen in children and rarely seen in adults. PNET show a proliferation of undifferentiated or poorly differentiated neuroepithelial cells and, thus, are histologically similar to medulloblastomas. They account for approximately 2.5% of brain tumours in children and only 0.4% in adults. Prognosis is poor in the pediatric age group while it shows favourable prognosis in adults. In literature, less than 100 cases of adult PNET have been reported till date with mean age of 35years. PNET in the geriatric age group is rarely been reported
General practice recommendations for the topical treatment of psoriasis: a modified-Delphi approach
Authors: Thaçi Diamant , de la Cueva Pablo , Pink Andrew E , Jalili Ahmad , Segaert Siegfried , Hjuler Kasper F , Calzavara-Pinton Piergiacomo
Published: November 2020

Background

Although GPs are usually the first port of call for patients with psoriasis, there is a lack of consistent and up-to-date clinical recommendations for interventions for patients with mild-to-moderate disease.

Aim

To provide practical recommendations for GPs to optimise psoriasis treatment with topical therapies in four key areas: patient identification; treatment decision making with topical theory; topical treatment outcomes; and optimising patient adherence.

Design & setting

A consensus-seeking programme (modified-Delphi approach) was undertaken to assess the literature and develop recommendations for GPs, based on evidence and expert opinion.

Method

Three dermatologists compiled 47 questions that were subsequently ranked and refined according to clinical relevance or importance using an online survey. Thereafter, 19 dermatologists from different European countries developed statements and clinical recommendations for the top seven ranked topical treatment and GP-relevant questions based on literature research and clinical experience. The final recommendations were based on 100% agreement among a final panel of seven experts.

Results

The clinical effectiveness, fast onset of action, tolerability, cosmetic acceptability, and practicability of topical therapy, in addition to good physician—patient communication, are important for optimising patient adherence and maximising efficacy. Topical treatments combining corticosteroids and vitamin D analogues (administered as fixed combination) are well-established first-line treatments in mild-to-moderate psoriasis.

Conclusion

Simple but detailed practical guidance is provided, which is formed from evidence and expert clinical recommendations, to assist GPs with the optimal use of topical agents based on efficacy, tolerability, disease severity, site of psoriasis, patient lifestyle and preferences, and intended duration of treatment.
Parents’ expectations and experiences of the 6-week baby check: a qualitative study in primary care
Authors: Gilworth Gill , Milton Sarah , Chater Angel , Nazareth Irwin , Roposch Andreas , Green Judith
Published: November 2020

Background

The Newborn and Infant Physical Examination (NIPE) programme requires all babies to have a comprehensive health check at 6–8 weeks of age. These are typically completed by GPs. Although person-centred care has achieved prominence in maternity care policy in recent years, there is limited empirical evidence on what parents and/or carers expect from the check, and how far experiences meet their needs.

Aim

 To explore the expectations and experiences of parents attending their GP for a baby check.

Design & setting

A qualitative study was undertaken in primary care in London.

Method

Content analysis was undertaken of transcripts of semi-structured interviews. Interviews were conducted with a total of 16 participants (14 mothers and two fathers) who had recently attended for a 6-week check for their baby.

Results

Despite the availability of plentiful sources of general advice on infants’ health and development, a thorough check by a trusted GP was an important milestone for most parents. They had few specific expectations of the check in terms of what examinations were undertaken, but even experienced parents anticipated reassurance about their baby’s normal development. Many also hoped for reassurance about their own parenting. Parents appreciated GPs who explained what they were doing during the examination; space to raise any concerns; and combined mother and baby checks. Referrals to secondary care were generally experienced as reassuring rather than a source of anxiety.

Conclusion

The baby check meets needs beyond those of the NIPE screening programme. Protecting the time for a thorough consultation is important for parents at what can be a vulnerable time.
Progress of GP clusters 2 years after their introduction in Scotland: findings from the Scottish School of Primary Care national GP survey
Authors: Mercer Stewart , Gillies John , Fitzpatrick Bridie
Published: November 2020

Background

The concept of GP clusters is derived from 'quality circles' in general practice in Europe and Canada. GP clusters commenced across Scotland in 2016 to improve the quality of care of local populations.

Aim

To determine GPs' views on clusters, and the robustness of bespoke questions about them.

Design & setting

A cross-sectional national survey of work satisfaction of GPs in Scotland took place, which was conducted in July 2018–October 2018.

Method

An analysis of bespoke questions on GP clusters was undertaken. The questions were completed by quality leads (QLs) and all other GPs in a nationally representative sample of GPs.

Results

In total, 2456 responses were received from 4371 GPs (56.4%). QLs reported that clusters were meeting regularly, and were friendly and well organised but not always productive. Support for cluster activity (data, health intelligence, analysis, quality improvement methods, advice, leadership, and evaluation) was suboptimal. Factor analysis identified two separate constructs (cluster meetings [CMs] and cluster support [CS]), which were minimally influenced (<2%) by GP and practice characteristics. Non-QLs (75% of all GPs) were generally satisfied with the two-way communication with the cluster QLs, but the great majority (>70%) reported no positive changes in various aspects of quality improvement. Factor analysis of these items indicated two constructs (cluster knowledge and engagement [CKE] and cluster quality improvement [CQI]), which were minimally affected by GP and practice characteristics.

Conclusion

GP clusters are ‘up and running’ in Scotland but are at an early stage in terms of perceived impact and appear to be in need of more support in order to improve quality of care. The bespoke questions developed on clusters have robust construct validity, suitable for future surveys.
L’exhibitionniste estropié de Saint-Jean de Boí (XIIe siècle)
Authors: Barral I Altet Xavier
Published: November 2020

Many elements of the rich iconographic program inside the Church of St. John of Boí, in the Catalan Pyrenees, are preserved. A bestiary nicely pictures a world where the closest meets with the most distant and unknown. Among those images, a male character catches attention not only because of his left leg, amputated, extended with a peculiar wooden prosthesis, but, especially, because the man ostensibly shows off his penis without the slightest embarrassment, targeting it with one or two hands in the direction of the main nave of the church. In this article we try to understand and interpret this character.
Quelques figures d’apostats dans les mondes normands (IXe-XIe siècle) : prémisses pour une enquête
Authors: Bauduin Pierre
Published: November 2020

L’article examine quelques cas d’apostasie relevés dans différents espaces concernés par le mouvement viking et sa rencontre avec des sociétés chrétiennes. Il aborde successivement les individus suspectés d’apostasie, après avoir été subvertis par les Normands, dans le monde carolingien ; puis dans un second temps celui de païens viking convertis à la foi chrétienne et qui retournent au paganisme ou renouent avec la religion et les pratiques païennes une fois établis dans le monde franc, dans les îles Britanniques ou de retour dans leur pays. Il examine enfin le cas de plusieurs rois scandinaves, en particulier le roi norvégien Håkon le Bon. Il ressort de cet examen la relative rareté des cas d’apostasie ; le caractère tardif et infondé des sources qui les allèguent mais aussi des situations d’ «entre-deux » religieux et les réactions qu’elles suscitent.
Porter des reliques à la ceinture : la plaque-boucle du site de Saint-Martin de Bruch (Lot-et-Garonne)
Authors: Cartron Isabelle , Castex Dominique
Published: November 2020

De onlangs ontdekte riemgesp in een begraafplaats van Saint-Martin de Bruch in Lotet-Garonne, levert een nieuwe bijdrage over het privé gebruik van relikwieën. Het object behoort tot de groep van type D rechthoekige platen, meestal oorspronkelijk uit oudere verzamelingen en werd gevonden, in context, op het skelet van de overledene. De technische en iconografische analyses beschrijven het als een type kledingaccessoire van zuidelijke oorsprong. Zijn studie draagt toe tot de kennis van de functie van draagbare reliekschrijnen : de riem zou er wel een vaker voorkomende type van zijn dan eerder gedacht.
« Keruwes » et corvées : le clergé du Hainaut, ses censes et la guerre (1474)
Authors: Cauchies Jean-Marie
Published: November 2020

In 1474, when Duke Charles of Burgundy was preparing a military expedition to the Rhine, a document drawn up under the responsibility of the Grand Bailiff of Hainault fixed the number of trolleys that could provide farms belonging to the religious houses of the county. This is a precise testimony of a persistent seigniorial practice, the Carriage chore, in this case for the army, which the territorial prince tends to reserve and governs by means of ordinances, and to which the clergy itself cannot escape.
Sicut Moyses ille amicus Dei orando pugnabat. Brèves réflexions sur l’impact de la réforme des moeurs du clergé sur le changement de dynastie en 751
Authors: Close Florence
Published: November 2020

De veroordeling van de oorlogsbisschoppen door het Germaanse concilie (743) deed in Francia diepgaande gedachten rijzen over de rol en de missie van de bisschoppen, naast de grote leken, samen met de uitvoering van de hervorming van de kerkelijke zeden. Een snelle herlezing van sommige epistolaire en liturgische getuigen uit de briefwisseling tussen Francia en de Paus, in de jaren 740, biedt de auteur denkmateriaal over de impact van deze hervorming op de staatsgreep van 751.
Guerre, charroi et corvées. Les abbayes brabançonnes et le pouvoir princier au bas Moyen Âge
Authors: Depreter Michael
Published: November 2020

During the 14th and 15th centuries, statute labour provided to the prince by the Brabantine abbeys witnessed significant modifications. Whereas ordinary labour duties were progressively limited in time and quantity, and largely replaced by a fixed sum of money, the Burgundian dukes of Brabant could not wage war without an increasingly significant number of chariots, horses and carters. Hence, as they offered an incredibly rich pool of resources, extraordinary transport labour duties of the abbeys were maintained, even if the ever-growing scale of warfare soon made even them insufficient. After having sought to maximise the output of the transport labour duties, Charles the Bold attempted to organise levies on a territorial, sovereign, basis, in order to respond to the increasing need of means for military transport. However, the fact that the duke tried to combine both sovereign and seigneurial rights led to severe discontent which erupted after his death when Mary of Burgundy had to make new concessions to the abbeys and accept further limitations to be put on the traditional extraordinary corvées.
La poudre du duc Grimoald. Une affaire criminelle au début du IXe siècle
Authors: Devroey Jean-Pierre
Published: November 2020

Dans son court livre sur la grêle, Agobard consacre un paragraphe à réfuter une rumeur : la peste bovine de 810 aurait été causée par des émissaires du duc de Bénévent Grimoald IV, chargés de répandre une poudre mortelle dans l’Empire. Ces fausses informations ont provoqué des meurtres et des condamnations à mort obtenues par la torture devant les tribunaux réguliers. La trame de la rumeur repose sur la propagande dirigée par les papes contre les princes de Bénévent, à partir de motifs construits antérieurement contre les Lombards. Durant le règne de Charlemagne, Bénévent a constitué le principal obstacle à la mainmise totale sur l’Italie et une menace permanente pour Rome. Le thème du poison est sans doute inspiré par l’existence de la malaria dans cette région. La démonstration d’Agobard est basée sur la «saine raison » . Elle doit être resituée dans le contexte de la rationalité instrumentale qui est mise en pratique à la même époque dans l’écriture et dans l’administration.
La Vita secunda sancti Hucberti de Jonas d’Orléans et sa tradition manuscrite
Authors: Dubreucq Alain
Published: November 2020

The Life of Saint Hubert, a Bishop of Liège in close relationship with the Pippinids, has undergone repeated reworking from an initial, anonymous, text dated 743-750 (bhl 3993), written on the event of the first transfer of the relics of the saint, in 743. The first reshuffle is due to Jonas, bishop of Orleans : it has been written for the second translation of the saint, to Andage in 825, and at the request of bishop Walcaud of Liège. Jonas of Orleans, influential bishop of the court of Louis the Pious and spiritus rector of the reforming councils of Paris in 829 and of Aix in 836, was one of the most prominent intellectuals of the Carolingian renovatio. The political, social and religious issues of this translation as well as the text of Jonas were brilliantly depicted by Alain Dierkens in a renowned article. The present contribution focuses on the analysis of the manuscript tradition of the vita as rewritten by Jonas (bhl 3994) and the recording of the translation at Andage (bhl 3995). The 1887 publication by De Smedt listed only 27 manuscript versions of the work (including summaries that he eliminated) ; today it amounts to 39 manuscripts and 8 summaries, compiled for the liturgical needs of various churches. The examination of the manuscript tradition highlights several phases of the diffusion of the Life of saint Hubert by Jonas, altering its structure. The legend books from the Saint-Hubert abbey were compiled quite late (11th-14th centuries) and the Life of Saint Hubert, by Jonas, is usually associated with the second book of Miracula (bhl 3997). The oldest text is mentioned by the De Smedt class B manuscripts, in particular the Paris manuscript (bnf Latin 5609) which belonged to Archbishop Hincmar of Reims and is very close to the original of Jonas. It is therefore mandatory to give priority to this document, and the best representatives of class B, in the event of a new edition.
Ele wyxt on treowum : usages et ignorances de l’huile d’olive en Angleterre et dans le nord de l’Europe au haut Moyen Âge
Authors: Gautier Alban
Published: November 2020

Olijfolie is een zeer verspreid product in het Romeinse tijdperk, tot zelfs in Gallië en in de Britse eilanden. Toch vermindert haar gebruik drastisch in Noord-Gallië en verdwijnt het bijna helemaal van de kaart in de Britse eilanden. Zeer kleine hoeveelheden ervan worden echter wel nog gebruikt voor de liturgie. Dit artikel verklaart hoe en wanneer dit gebeurde.
Antiquarianism in the sixth century AD: Easing The shift from Rome to Constantinople
Authors: Praet Raf
Published: November 2020

Une source fondamentale du malaise culturel de l’Antiquité tardive fut la chute de l’Empire romain et la transmission du pouvoir et du prestige impérial de Rome à Constantinople. Cet article analyse, à travers une lecture attentive des textes antiquaires de trois auteurs – Jean le Lydien (c. 490 – c. 565 ap. J.-C.), Cassiodore (c. 485 – c. 585 ap. J.-C.) et Jean Malalas (c. 490 – c. 570 ap. J.-C.) – comment le passé lointain est utilisé dans les sources du sixième siècle comme une plateforme pour comparer et discuter la légitimité morale de Rome et de Constantinople comme les capitales de l’Empire romain. La contribution présentera deux études de cas ; l’examen antiquaire du caractère douteux de Romulus, qui a fondé Rome sur le sang de son frère Remus, et les analyses antiquaires du sort des statues à Rome et à Constantinople.
Les délices de la liberté. « L’entreprise » de l’affranchi capouan P. Cervius Diogenes
Authors: Delvigne Damien
Published: November 2020

Selon une historiographie longtemps dominante, les affranchis dominaient la vie professionnelle romaine. Il est vrai que les mentions épigraphiques de métiers relatives aux anciens esclaves sont majoritaires. Néanmoins, l’affirmation doit être nuancée, comme le montre, notamment, l’étude approfondie d’un affranchi de la cité de Capoue. Ce dernier a visiblement indiqué sa profession dans ses deux inscriptions dans le but de se distinguer de la masse affranchie. Vraisemblablement, il a pu le faire car il détenait le statut « d’entrepreneur » , c’est-à-dire d’individu qui gérait au quotidien une « entreprise » sans pour autant la posséder. Un tel constat permet d’éclairer la position des autres personnages mentionnés dans les deux inscriptions. Ils formaient probablement la main-d’oeuvre de « l’entreprise » de Diogenes. Nous pouvons même aller plus loin en suggérant que seul le personnel le plus important de « l’entreprise » a été immortalisé dans ces textes. L’étude contribue à montrer que la catégorie affranchie était finement hiérarchisée, tout comme la main-d’oeuvre des « entreprises » .
« Plutarque dialectologue » La pseudo-autorité de Plutarque dans le discours sur les dialectes grecs à la Renaissance (ca. 1400–1670)
Authors: Van Rooy Raf
Published: November 2020

Plutarchus is de auteur van een omvangrijk oeuvre dat in de Renaissance (ca. 1400– 1670) zelfs nog uitgebreider werd geacht. Voor de humanisten bevatte het immers ook een biografie van Homerus, waarvan de eigenlijke auteur tot op heden onbekend is gebleven. Een onderdeel van deze pseudoplutarchische Vita Homeri (Leven van Homerus) ging zelfs een eigen leven leiden als een apart traktaat : m. n. de Περὶ τῶν παρὰ Ὁμήρῳ διαλέκτων (Over de dialecten bij Homerus), dat een beknopte analytische beschrijving van Homerus’ gemengd gebruik van de Oudgriekse dialecten biedt. Hierdoor werd “ Plutarchus” ook een autoriteit op het vlak van de vroegmoderne studie van de Griekse dialecten. De huidige bijdrage beoogt de geschiedenis van dit excerpt uit de Vita Homeri te schetsen, om zo een minder bekend aspect van Plutarchus’ Nachleben ten tijde van de Renaissance te belichten. Tot slot komt ook de ontmaskering van de Vita Homeri en de Περὶ τῶν παρὰ Ὁμήρῳ διαλέκτων als pseudoplutarchisch (door Johannes Jonsius) aan bod.
L’ordre du miracle : temps et espace dans les Miracula sancti Vedasti (BHL 8510), sancti Huberti (BHL 3996) et sancti Remacli (BHL 7120-7125)
Authors: Jedwab Valentine , Schroeder Nicolas
Published: November 2020

This paper explores the narrative structure of time and space in three miracle collections written in Benedictine monasteries around the middle of the ninth century : the Miracula sancti Vedasti (bhl 8510), sancti Huberti (bhl 3996) and sancti Remacli

(bhl 7120-7125). These collections, which seem to be structured by the living memory of their authors, combine a precise circular temporality and a less precise linear temporality which does not exceed one generation in depth. The Miracula sancti Vedasti and Huberti present a spatial structure which is centered on the monastery : the saint heals those who come and solicit him. He also occasionally extends his protection beyond the monastery, over property and goods. While Remaclus also heals at his tomb, he very often acts at a distance, within a multipolar space where he surveils, punishes, or rewards the familia the tenants, small landowners, craftsmen, and donators evolving around the monastery, its churches, and estates.
Retour sur le pseudo-original d’Adalbéron de Reims pour l’abbaye de Mouzon (973)
Authors: Morelle Laurent
Published: November 2020

The article submits to a new critical examination the false charter, known in pseudo-original, that the archbishop of Reims Adalberon is said to have granted in May 973, at the synod of Mont-Notre-Dame, to the monks he had recently installed in Mouzon (Ardennes). Ferdinand Lot is responsible for the initial study of the document (1891) ; his work was enriched by the remarks of Chantal Zoller-Devroey (1977) and Isolde Schröder (1980). The present contribution shows that the forger, who worked in the second half of the twelfth century in a context of threats to the forest rights of the abbey, boldly worked refurbishing the original charter and enriching it with other charters ; one of these loans, quite a large one in fact, is identified here for the first time (Archbishop Arnoul’s charter, 1018). Against the opinion of F. Lot, we do not believe that the forger was inspired by the version given to the charter of Adalberon by the Chronicle of Mouzon (around 1030), which is probably sincere in its content.
Les chiens et les espaces consacrés dans les villes du nord-ouest de l’Europe du XIIIe au XVe siècle : quelques réflexions
Authors: Sohier Julien
Published: November 2020

Les chiens sont omniprésents dans les villes du nord-ouest de l’Europe, du xiiie au

xve siècle, de par leurs rôles multiples rendus auprès des hommes et l’affectivité qui s’est développée entre les deux espèces. C’est ainsi que circulent en ville des chiens de la noblesse et des chiens semi-errants présents dans les foyers plus modestes et libres de vagabonder. Ces déambulations ne sont pas sans causer quelques nuisances, dont la gravité est variable. Les espaces consacrés ne sont pas épargnés par ces diverses nuisances, notamment les perturbations des cérémonies. De nombreux textes racontent ces évènements de la vie quotidienne pour la période moderne. Or, pour la période médiévale, très peu rapportent des problèmes liés à la présence canine, et aucune concernant les espaces consacrés. Pourtant, l’absence de sources fournit des informations sur les relations homme-chien en milieu urbain.
« Je donne à Dieu et à ma fille… ». Disposition mémorielle et patrimoniale féminine en Périgord vers l’an mil (autour de la donation d’Auscende de Chabanais à Saint-Silvain de Lamonzie, 1010)
Authors: Treffort Cécile
Published: November 2020

The Abbey of Sainte-Marie-des-Dames’s cartulary, compiled in the middle of the 12th century, contains an act from 1010, written a few decades before the foundation of this nuns’ abbey. It deals with a memorial donation accompanied by clear patrimonial provisions establishing a real family control on Saint-Silvain de Lamonzie, a small aristocratic foundation located in Périgord donated around 1070. Although granted to the Saintonge monastery, it has been claimed twice by Saint-Martial de Limoges. This act, translated by the author, as well as the example of Lamonzie, serve as a guide exploring the issues of controlling a small female monastic establishment around the year 1000, the means available to aristocrats of the time, whether secular or ecclesiastical, to achieve this goal, and the strategies of the nuns to find their own way.
Verhaeren nietzschéen ?
Authors: Clémens Éric
Published: November 2020

Het intellectueel anarchisme van Verhaeren is zeker schatplichtig aan het individualisme en de ongehoorzaamheidsdrang van Max Stirner of aan het ruraal communisme van Elisée Reclus, maar is hij niet nog meer beïnvloed door de lectuur van Nietzsche ? Het antwoord dient voorzichtig te worden geformuleerd, zeker gezien de interpretaties, al te zeer beperkt door de thematische aanpak, van Georges Buisseret en vooral van René Golstein die de nieuwe Christus vereenzelvigt met de übermensch. Ondanks dezelfde verheerlijking van het leven, blijft de dichter Verhaeren verstoken van de tekstuele spanningen die de geschriften van filosoof Nietzsche kenmerken, wat bevestigd wordt door de divergente benaderingen van concepten als de ziekte, de planeet en de seksualiteit.
Reconnaissance et éclipses de Verhaeren en France (1916-2016)
Authors: Bloch Béatrice
Published: November 2020

De bekendheid en de receptie van Verhaerens oeuvre in Frankrijk wordt onderzocht vanaf het einde van het leven van de dichter tot honderd jaren nadien. Als de getuigenissen van de opvolgers van Mallarmé, zoals Valéry, en van de stichters van de NRF, zoals Gide, een diepe bewondering voor Verhaeren laten uitschijnen, zal zijn bekendheid daarna blijven groeien in Frankrijk waar hij erkenning zal oogsten bij zijn confrater schrijvers en critici en onderwezen zal worden in de scholen vanaf de jaren 1920 tot 1955. Unanimisten en vitalisten hebben hem eer betuigd, in tegenstelling tot Apollinaire en de surrealisten, die hem verzwegen hebben ondanks hun schatplichtigheid. In 1955, een eeuw na zijn geboorte, leidt zijn receptie echter tot polemiek en verdeeldheid : Aragon en Gevers beschouwen hem als een dichter die hen inspireert, daar waar critici landgenoten, zoals Hellens, hem zijn retoriek verwijten, en Fransen, zoals Queneau, zijn oubolligheid suggereren. Vandaag in het Frankrijk van 2017, geniet hij bij de lyceumstudenten van de respectvolle erkenning van een geprezen dichter, iets minder beroemd echter dan Verlaine.
La réception de Verhaeren au Mexique
Authors: Castilleja Diana
Published: November 2020

Taking as starting point the “ Ateneo de la Juventud” writers, we adopt – as much as possible – a chronological order to outline the place occupied by Verhaeren in Mexican literature. We find that although even if the writings referring to the poet – through anthologies or critical articles – were written after his death, they are endowed with such ardor and passion that they are enough to defend his literary work. Consequently, in addition to the imprint left by Verhaeren, the defense itself of his work is also an undeniable proof of its place in the Mexican literature of the early twentieth century.
Une université à Liège ? Regards sur les premières années d’enseignement supérieur en Cité ardente (1811-1835)
Authors: Lanneau Catherine
Published: November 2020

Hoewel er internationaal gesproken de laatste jaren opnieuw een uitgesproken interesse voor universiteitsgeschiedenis waarneembaar is bij historici, blijft de geschiedschrijving van de Luikse universiteit nog grotendeels onontgonnen terrein, ook al werden enkele aanzetten daartoe gegeven in verschillende jaaren jubileumboeken. Dit artikel is een up-to-date overzichtsbijdrage over de geschiedenis van de eerste jaren hoger onderwijs in Luik (1811-1835). Eerst wordt dieper ingegaan op de situatie tijdens de Franse periode, om vervolgens stil te staan bij de toepassing van het besluit van 1816 en bij de geschiedenis van de staatsuniversiteit onder Willem I. Ten slotte worden de gevolgen van de Belgische omwenteling voor de universiteit van Luik bestudeerd, van de heikele jaren van bestaansonzekerheid tot de consolidatie van de instelling als rijksuniversiteit na het organiek besluit van september 1835.