bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkiye’de Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklarına Dayalı Elektrik Üretimine Verilen Fiyat Desteklerinin İncelenmesi: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz
Authors: ÖZNAZİK Halil Alpay
Published: January 2022

Enerji sektöründe ithalat bağımlılıklarının artmasını ve sera gazı salınımlarının neden olduğu küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliği gibi dünyanın geleceğini tehdit eden olumsuz gelişmeleri önleyebilmek için ülkeler yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına dayalı elektrik üretimini teşvik etmektedirler. Söz konusu teşvikler hükümetler tarafından yürürlüğe konan çeşitli politikalar aracılığıyla uygulanmaktadır. Karbon salınımlarının kısıtlanmasına yönelik politikalar, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına dayalı tesislere yönelik vergi indirimleri, elektrik üretiminin belirli oranlarda yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına dayalı olarak yapılmasını zorunlu tutan politikalar, fiyat destekleri ve mezat yoluyla yenilenebilir enerji sektörünün desteklenmesi gibi politikalar dünyada en fazla uygulanan teşviklerdir. Türkiye’de ise fiyat destekleri ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına dayalı elektrik üretiminin artırılması amacıyla Türkiye’de uygulanan fiyat desteklerinin analizi yapılmıştır. Geçmişten bu yana değişen fiyat teşviki politikalarının karşılaştırmalı olarak ortaya konmasıyla yapılan bu analizde, 2021 yılının Temmuz ayından itibaren faaliyete geçen tesisler için fiyat desteklerinin oldukça yüksek oranlarda azaldığı görülmüştür. Azalışın temelinde, yapılan son düzenlemeyle yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına dayalı elektrik üretimine verilen fiyat desteklerinin Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Doları yerine Türk Lirası cinsinden ödenmeye başlaması yatmaktadır. Son yıllarda Dolar/Türk Lirası kurundaki hızlı yükseliş daha önce uygulanan ve 2021 yılının Temmuz ayından önce faaliyete geçmiş üretim tesisleri için halen uygulanmakta olan fiyat desteği karşısında yeni fiyat desteklerinin %80’lere varan oranlarda düşmesine neden olmuştur.
Yükseköğretimin Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkisinin Belirlenmesi: Eğitim Düzeyi Yüksek Ülkelerde Ampirik Bir Analiz
Authors: AYDOĞDU BAĞCI Semra
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı; kamunun yükseköğretim harcamalarının ve bütün yükseköğretim programlarına yapılan kayıt sayısının ekonomik büyümeye olan etkisini araştırmaktır. Araştırmanın veri seti, eğitim endeksine göre belirlenmiştir. Eğitim endeksi en iyi olduğu 20 ülkeden, verileri olan eksiksiz olan 16 ülke analiz edilmiştir. Bu çalışma 1988-2018 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Bağımlı değişken olarak kişi başı Reel Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıla (RGSYH) alınmıştır. Bağımsız değişkenler ise kamunun yükseköğretim harcamalarının Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıla (GSYH)’ye oranı ve bayan ve erkeklerin bütün yükseköğretim programlarına yaptığı kayıtların sayısıdır. Verilere; Dünya Bankası resmi sayfasından ulaşılmıştır. Durağan ve durağan olmayan değişkenlerin birlikte analiz edilmesine imkân verdiği için Panel-ARDL yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Panel ARDL sonucuna göre uzun vadede kamunun yükseköğretim harcamalarının %1’lik artışın, ekonomik büyümeyi %3,71 oranında pozitif etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Kısa dönemde ise kamunun yükseköğretim harcamalarının ilk farkının %1 artışı, ekonomik büyümeyi %0,05 oranında azaltmaktadır.
Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı: Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi’nde Bir Uygulama
Authors: KUYİFATİH Abdulrahman , YENİMAHALLELİ YAŞAR Gülbiye , GÜNALTAY Meliha Meliş
Published: January 2022

İlaçlar, sağlık sisteminin ve sağlığımızın ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır. Akılcı ilaç kullanımı, yaşam kalitesini artırmakta ve toplum sağlığının iyileştirilmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Akılcı olmayan ilaç kullanımı sağlık harcamalarında ciddi bir paya sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi öğrencilerinin akılcı ilaç kullanımı konusundaki yaklaşımlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini; Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesinde 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında altı bölümde öğrenim gören 2842 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Anket uygulanacak öğrenciler, her bölümden tabakalı rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiştir. Veriler gönüllü olarak katılan 1102 kişiden elde edilmiştir. Araştırma, yüz-yüze anket uygulanması yöntemi ile yapılmıştır. Anketin oluşturulmasında AİK literatüründen ve uzman görüşlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, öğrencilerin olumlu tutumlara sahip olduklarını, ancak ilaç kullanımında uygun bilgi ve güvenli uygulamaları tam olarak bilmediklerini göstermektedir. Çalışma öğrencilerin farkındalık ve davranışlarının iyileştirilmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.
De l’évaporation des colloïdes magnétiques
Authors: Darras Alexis
Published: January 2022

Evaporation of so-called colloids, i.e. liquids containing (sub-)micrometric particles, is an omnipresent phenomenon. From the stain of coffee to the painting of our walls, via blood stains on crime scenes, the dried deposits they leave range from dirt to useful coating, via clues in criminal cases. The mechanisms behind the structuring of these deposits are then a topic of intensive research. Among recent proposals, magnetic colloids have been proposed as a model system. Indeed, their interactions can be controlled through an external magnetic field, acting as a remote control of the suspension properties. This paper reviews the most recent results regarding a specific subclass defined as superparamagnetic colloids. It has been written for a non-expert scientific audience. This review starts with a general introduction to the field of colloids evaporation, then describes the properties of superparamagnetic colloids. In its last sections, it offers an overview of the conditions in which a control of both the broad and detailed structures of superparamagnetic colloids evaporative deposits can be achieved.
Minéralogie de l'indice plombifère de Petite-Hoursinne (Érezée, Province de Luxembourg, Belgique)
Authors: Blondieau Michel , Puccio Stéphane , Hatert Frédéric
Published: January 2022

L'observation d’échantillons récoltés dans les déblais d'une petite galerie de recherches minières à Petite-Hoursinne (Erezée, Province de Luxembourg, Belgique) a révélé la présence de deux arséniates : l’érythrite et la mimétite. Ces deux espèces sont peu fréquentes en Belgique et ont déjà été signalées notamment à La Roche-en-Ardenne, une ancienne mine de plomb localisée dans la même formation géologique : la formation de Villé (Praguien, Dévonien inférieur). Cette formation contient des niveaux carbonatés et est caractérisée par la présence d'un peu de plomb qui, dans les zones faillées, forme des petits filons à gangue quartzeuse (voir annexe). La présence d'arséniates dans ces roches ardennaises est surprenante et justifie à elle seule cette note.
Emergency planning put to the test
Authors: Thiry Aline , Fallon Catherine
Published: January 2022

L’épidémie de COVID-19 et les inondations de juillet 2021 sont des évènements dramatiques mais riches d’enseignement : ces deux catastrophes ont mis à l’épreuve le système de gestion des risques que nous avons établi au cours des dernières décennies pour assurer une protection de la société face aux menaces de natures diverses : industrielles, environnementales, terroristes, etc. La COVID-19 a pris de court de nombreux pays européens qui se pensaient à l’abri des risques épidémiques, tandis que les pluies torrentielles ont presque submergé la vallée de la Vesdre. Ces deux catastrophes imposent aux auteures une prise de recul, pour réfléchir aux transformations profondes qu’elles provoquent en matière de gestion de crise et de planification d’urgence pour ouvrir de nouvelles lignes de recherche et lancer des pistes de réformes dans ce secteur qu’elles étudient depuis plus de dix ans.
Global performance and capabilities of the instruments on the 3.6-m Devasthal Optical Telescope
Authors: Omar Amitesh , Reddy Bheemireddy Krishna , Kumar Tripurari , Pant Jayshreekar
Published: January 2022

The recently commissioned 3.6-m Devasthal optical telescope has been used for various tests and science observations using three main instruments, namely, a charge-coupled device camera, a near-infrared camera, and an optical imager-cum-spectrograph. The published results from these instruments assert that the performance of the telescope at the Devasthal site is at par with the expectations. These back-end instruments open up vast opportunities for high-sensitivity observations of the celestial sky with the telescope. This paper provides a summary of the existing back-end instruments and attempts to highlight the importance of the Devasthal optical telescope in synergy with other telescopes operating at different wavelengths.
Short-term variabilities in X-ray/Optical/UV emission from Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4593
Authors: Naik Sachindra , Pal Main , Kumari Neeraj
Published: January 2022

We present results obtained from a detailed multi-band analysis of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4593. Publicly available Swift monitoring observations in optical, ultraviolet and X-ray bands were used in the present work. A total of 185 pointings over a duration of about a month were used to understand the variabilities in emission in optical, ultraviolet, soft and hard X-ray bands. It was found that the source emission in the hard X-ray band (1.5-10 keV range) was highly variable compared to that at longer wavelengths. The variability amplitude decreased gradually from hard X-ray to optical bands. A cross-correlation analysis between light curves in different bands inferred that the observed variation in ultraviolet and optical bands is strongly correlated with the hard X-ray emission. Observed time lag for changes in emission in longer wavelength bands with respect to the hard X-ray emission suggests X-ray reprocessing as the cause of variation. Though the observed lag spectrum follows a 4/3rd power of wavelength, as predicted by the standard disk model, the estimated lags are found to be larger than the lags predicted from the standard disk model. This suggests that the actual disk in NGC 4593 is possibly larger than the standard thin disk. Though similar findings have been reported in NGC 5548 and Fairall 9, simultaneous near-infrared, ultraviolet, soft X-ray and hard X-ray band observations of a sample of AGNs with the 1.2 m telescope of Physical Research Laboratory at Mount Abu, India and first space-based multiwavelength observatory of India - AstroSat will provide significant information on the actual and model predicted sizes of the accretion disk.
Magnetic activities on active solar-type stars
Authors: Karmakar Subhajeet , Pandey Jeewan Chandra , Naik Sachindra , Savanov Igor S. , Raj Ashish
Published: January 2022

Indian Institute of Astrophysics, II Block Koramangala, Bangalore 560034, India We present results obtained from the studies of magnetic activities on four solar-type stars (F-type star KIC 6791060, K-type star LO Peg, and two M-type planet-hosting stars K2–33 and EPIC 211901114) by using optical observations from several ground- and space-based telescopes. In this study, we investigate magnetic activities such as spot-topographic evolution and flaring events in these stars. We compare the results obtained from this study with that of the Sun. In the surface temperature maps, one active longitude has been detected in KIC 6791060, whereas in each of the other three cases two active longitudes are seen. The spottedness was found to vary in the range of 0.07–0.44%, 9–26%, 3.6–4.2%, and 4.5–5.3% for KIC 6791060, LO Peg, K2–33, and EPIC 211901114, respectively. Several flaring events have been identified in each star. An increasing trend in flaring frequency per stellar rotation has been found in the stars with change in spectral type from F to M. These findings indicate the increase in magnetic activities with the spectral type of stars. This can be explained due to increasing the ratio of the thickness of the convection zone to the radiation zone from F-type star to the M-type stars.
High-mass Star Formation towards the southern infrared Bubble S10
Authors: Das Swagat Ranjan , Tej Anandmayee , Vig Sarita , Ghosh Swarna Kanti , Ishwara-Chandra C. H.
Published: January 2022

We present a multi-wavelength analysis of the southern infrared bubble S10. Radio continuum emission is detected towards the bubble at 610 and 1280 MHz, and the bubble is estimated to be powered by massive stars of spectral type B0.5 – B0. A Class I/II type source, with an estimated mass of 6.2 Mʘ, lies ~ 7” from the radio peak. Six massive clumps capable of forming massive stars are detected from the Herschel 250 µm image. Modelling of the spectral energy distribution of these clumps indicates the presence of high luminosity, high accretion rate, massive young stellar objects possibly in the accelerating accretion phase. Further, the occurrence of a possible bow-wave towards the likely ionizing star is explored.
Global Helioseismology
Authors: Buldgen Gaël
Published: January 2022

Helioseismology is one of the most successful fields of astrophysics. The observation and character-ization of solar oscillation has allowed solar seismologists to study the internal structure and dynamics of the Sun with unprecedented thoroughness. Ground-based networks and dedicated space missions have delivered data of exquisite quality, enabling the development of sophisticated inference techniques. The achievements of the fields count, amongst other, the determination of solar photospheric helium abundance, unacessible to spectroscopic constraints, the precise positioning of the base of the convective zone and the demonstration of the importance of microscopic diffusion in stellar radiative regions. Helioseismology played also a key role in validating the framework used to compute solar and stellar models and played an important role in the so-called solar neutrino problem. In the current era of astrophysics, with the increasing importance of asteroseismology to precisely characterize stars, the Sun still plays a crucial calibration role, acting as a benchmark for stellar models. With the revision of the solar abundances and the current discussions related to radiative opacity computations, the role of the Sun as a laboratory of fundamental physics is undisputable. In this brief review, I will discuss some of the inference techniques developed in the field of helioseismology, dedicated to the exploitation of the solar global oscillation modes.
Binaries as precious tools for stellar evolution and asteroseismology
Authors: Maceroni Carla
Published: January 2022

Eclipsing double-lined binaries had a fundamental role in laying the foundations of stellar astro-physics and are still today an invaluable tool, as they provide an independent, purely geometrical, and accurate determination of the stellar masses and radii (often with uncertainties lower than 1%). This paper briefly reviews some important contributions to the field of stellar structure and to the more recent one of asteroseismology.
Fast rotation and acoustic modes
Authors: Reese Daniel Roy
Published: January 2022

In this contribution, we describe recent progress in modelling acoustic pulsations of rapidly rotating stars. We then go on to describe very recent attempts at interpreting pulsation spectra in two observed stars. These make use of multi-colour mode visibilities, mode excitation, and pulsation frequencies in order to con-strain the identification of the observed modes.
Diagnostic de la diversité des plantes adventices dans les agrosystèmes: cas des champs de blé dans les Aurès
Authors: Melakhessou Zobra , Demnati Fatma , Boubaker Zoubir
Published: January 2022

La description des attributs botaniques et éthologiques du patrimoine floristique messicole des agroécosystèmes à l’Aurès, Nord-est d’Algérie s’appuie sur 144 relevés. Cette étude a permis d’inventorier 77 espèces adventices, appartenant essentiellement aux dicotylédones et monocotylédones, réparties en 23 familles botaniques, dont quatre fournissent à elles seules 58%, Asteraceae, Poaceae, Apiaceae et Brassicaceae. L’analyse biologique montre une prédominance des thérophytes avec 69 % suivi des géophytes et des hémicryptophytes avec 25 % et 6 % respectivement. L’analyse du degré de similitude entre les différentes stations a fait ressortir 19 espèces communes à toutes les stations échantillonnées. La prise en compte de l’indice de nuisibilité a dégagé 36 espèces nuisibles vis à vis de blé dont 7 espèces peuvent être considérablement nuisibles pour la zone de l’Aurès. Ce travail a permis de déterminer la structure de la flore adventice des céréales, les spectres taxonomiques et biologiques ainsi que les espèces envahissantes. Ce diagnostic sur la biodiversité des adventices constituent un outil principal pour la lutte intégrée et privilégier des pratiques les plus respectueuses de l’environnement pour la protection et la valorisation de la biodiversité agricole.
About Lie-Rinehart superalgebras
Authors: Roger Claude
Published: January 2022

We extend to the superalgebraic case the theory of Lie-Rinehart algebras and work out some examples concerning the most popular samples of super manofilds
Dégradation des terres cultivées au Sud-Kivu, R.D. Congo : perceptions paysannes et caractéristiques des exploitations agricoles
Authors: Heri-Kazi Aimé B. , Bielders Charles L.
Published: January 2022

Description du sujet. En comparaison avec les pays environnants de la région des Grands Lacs africains, il existe un manque criant d’informations actualisées sur l’état de dégradation des sols dans la dorsale du Kivu en R.D. Congo. Objectifs. Cette étude vise à caractériser la sévérité de la dégradation des sols cultivés au Sud-Kivu et comment celle-ci est affectée par la diversité des contextes biophysiques et socio-économiques, par les choix de cultures et de pratiques culturales. Méthode. Au sein de quatre territoires de la dorsale du Kivu, 720 petits agriculteurs ont été enquêtés concernant le niveau et les formes de dégradation des parcelles, les cultures et les pratiques culturales. Une classification des exploitations a été réalisée. Résultats. Les exploitations se caractérisent par leur petite taille et leur pauvreté. Globalement, l’état de dégradation est perçu comme moyen, mais il est sévère à très sévère pour un tiers des producteurs. L'érosion, les pertes d'éléments nutritifs et de matière organique sont les principaux types de dégradation. La pression démographique explique en partie les différences observées entre bassins. Les ménages les plus pauvres présentent en moyenne les niveaux de dégradation les plus élevés. Certaines pratiques (billonnage) ou cultures (manioc, café, cultures maraichères) semblent préférentiellement associées à certains états de dégradation, sans que des liens de cause à effet ne puissent être établis en raison de la prédominance des associations culturales. Conclusions. L’enquête a mis en évidence une situation interpellante, affectant particulièrement les ménages les plus pauvres, qui doit inciter à plus d’investissements en matière de conservation des sols.
Assessing the dominant height of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L.) in relation to edaphic and physiographic variables in the Hyrcanian Forests of Iran
Authors: Alavi Seyed Jalil , Ahmadi Kourosh , Dormann Carsten F. , Serra-Diaz Josep M. , Nouri Zahra
Published: January 2022

Description of the subject. This study evaluates the application of Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) for predicting beech dominant height in the Hyrcanian forests of Iran, inscribed as a UNESCO’s World Heritage due to its remarkable biodiversity. Objectives. It is widely accepted that tree growth can be influenced by a wide variety of factors such as climate, topography, soil conditions and competition for resources. The early dominant height of trees modelling studies used the multiple linear regression. The development of more advanced non-parametric and machine learning methods provided opportunities to overcome the nonlinear relationships in forest ecosystems. Method. In this study, boosted regression trees was evaluated to model the dominant height of Fagus orientalis as the most important tree species in the Hyrcanian forest, Iran. Dominant height was related to soil and topographical variables, which are available for 190 sample plots covering all importance environmental gradients in the research area. Results. The results indicated BRT were found to outperform for modelling beech dominant height. This technique showed that phosphorus, percentage nitrogen, magnesium and percentage sand were among the most important variables. Conclusions. This study demonstrates the ability of BRT to accurately model the dominant height of oriental beech in relation to environmental predictors, and encourages its use in forest ecology.
Factors Associated with Healthcare Avoidance among US Adults: Analyses of the 2019 Healthy Information National Trends Survey
Authors:   Department of Health Disparities Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, S Bista , R Yu ,   Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, S Shete ,   Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA, SS Shastri ,   Department of Health Disparities Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
Published: January 2022

Background: Healthcare avoidance represents a significant impediment to health and well-being of individuals and society. Avoidance undermines positive healthcare-seeking and carries significant health and economic consequences including increased morbidity and mortality as well as loss of job or economic productivity. Objective: The current study analyzed factors associated with healthcare avoidance. Methods: Using the 2019 Healthy Information National Trends Survey, we conducted multiple logistic regression to identify factors associated with avoiding doctor’s visit even when deemed necessary. Factors included sociodemographic, economic, access to health care, health care practices and trust to better understand medical care avoidance. Results: Notably, 30.3% of Americans reported healthcare avoidance, and 29% reported “no/little/some trust” in medical information from the doctor. Greater likelihood of healthcare avoidance was observed among those who had less trust in medical information from their doctor, younger, and male. Significant health behavior predictors of healthcare avoidance included current smokers, those who had infrequent visits to health professionals, and those with better self-reported health. Conclusions: By identifying multiple factors that may be associated with healthcare avoidance we can identify individuals at risk for avoidant behaviors and encourage positive health behavior.
Bonding character, electron delocalization, and aromaticity of cyclo[18]carbon (C18) precursors, C18-(CO)n (n = 6, 4, and 2): Focusing on the effect of -CO groups
Authors: Wang Xia , Liu Zeyu , Yan Xiufen , Lu Tian , Xiong Weiwei
Published: January 2022

Although the unique cyclo[18]carbon (C18) realized by recent experiments has been greatly concerned, it has so far remained elusive. In contrast, its precursors C18-(CO)n (n = 6, 4, and 2), which can be separated stably, are of more practical significance. In this paper, the bonding character, electron delocalization, and aromaticity of the C18-(CO)n (n = 6, 4, and 2) with out-of-plane and in-plane dual π systems (πout and πin) perpendicular to each other are studied by combining quantum chemical calculations and wavefunction analyses. These cyclocarbon oxides exhibit alternating long and short C-C bonds and extensive electron delocalization, and a significant diatropic induced ring current under the action of external magnetic field is therefore observed, which reveals the aromatic characteristic in the molecules. The global electron delocalization and significant influence of the number of intramolecular carbonyl (-CO) on the two sets of π conjugated systems have been focused on, and the essential reason for the distinct difference in the overall aromaticity of the molecules was also clarified. It seems that the substituent -CO groups hinders the electron delocalization of the πin system but has relatively small effect on the πout system, resulting in the molecules with less -CO group showing greater aromaticity.
Computational Design, Synthesis and Photochemistry of Cy7-PPG, an Efficient NIR-activated Photolabile Protecting Group for Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Alachouzos Georgios , Schulte Albert M. , Mondal Anirban , Szymanski Wiktor , Feringa Ben L.
Published: January 2022

Photolabile Protecting Groups (PPGs) are chemical tools used in photopharmacology for the oxygen-independent release of bioactive payloads, enabling spatiotemporal activation of their bioactivity. However, red-shifting of PPG activation wavelengths into the NIR range, light which penetrates the deepest in tissue, has been laborious, and often results in inefficient or insoluble PPGs. This challenge prohibits the use of current photocages in complex biological targets, hindering the progression of photopharmacology into the clinic. To directly address this problem, we report herein a novel concept in PPG design, by transforming clinically-applied NIR-dyes with suitable molecular orbital configurations into new NIR-PPGs using computational approaches. Using this method, we demonstrate how Cy7, a class of clinically-employed NIR dyes possessing ideal properties, such as NIR-absorption, very high molecular absorptivity, and excellent solubility in aqueous media, can be successfully converted into Cy7-PPG. We report a facile organic synthesis towards Cy7-PPG from easily accessible precursors and confirm its function as an oxygen-independent NIR-PPG. Cy7-PPG is the most redshifted PPG to date (max wavelength = 746 nm), with unmatched molecular absorptivity and solubility, and excellent uncaging efficiency, paving the way for the use of PPGs in the clinic.
Appraisal of dispersion damping functions for the effective fragment potential method
Authors: Carter-Fenk Kevin , Herbert John
Published: January 2022

The effective fragment potential (EFP) is a polarizable force field whose physically-motivated functional form is parameterized in an automated way from ab initio calculations, and whose dispersion potential has been suggested as a correction for Hartree-Fock or density functional theory calculations. However, the parameter-free dispersion damping potentials that are currently used in EFP do not follow from a rigorous derivation and do not satisfy simple limits for the dispersion energy. We introduce several new damping expressions that correct these deficiencies, then evaluate their performance alongside existing damping functions using a new database of ionic liquid constituents. This data set, which we call IL195x8, consists of complete-basis coupled-cluster interaction energies for 195 ion pairs at each of 8 different intermolecular separations. Ultimately, we recommend a new parameter-free dispersion damping function as a replacement for the one that is currently used in EFP.
Effects of enzyme-ligand interactions on the photoisomerization of a light-regulated chemotherapeutic drug
Authors: Liang Ruibin , Bakhtiiari Amirhossein
Published: January 2022

Molecular photoswitches permit using light to control protein activity with high spatiotemporal resolutions, thereby alleviating the side effects of conventional chemotherapy. However, due to the challenges in probing ultrafast photoisomerization reactions in biological environments, it remains elusive how the protein influences the photochemistry of the photoswitches, which hampers the rational design of light-regulated therapeutics. To overcome this challenge, we employed first-principles non-adiabatic dynamics simulations to characterize the photodynamics of the phototrexate (PTX), a recently developed photoswitchable anticancer chemotherapeutic that reversibly inhibits its target enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). Our simulations show that the protein environment impedes the trans to cis photoisomerization of the PTX. The confinement in the ligand-binding cavity slows down the isomerization kinetics and quantum yield of the photoswitch by reshaping its conical intersection, increasing its excited-state free energy barrier, and quenching its local density fluctuations. Therefore, we predict that the PTX’s trans to cis photoisomerization in solution precedes its binding with the protein, despite the favorable binding energy of the trans isomer. Our findings highlight the importance of the protein environment on the photochemical reactions of the molecular photoswitches. As such, our work represents an important step towards the rational design of light-regulated drugs in photopharmacology.
Porous lanthanide metal-organic frameworks with metallic conductivity
Authors: Skorupskii Grigorii , Le Khoa N. , Cordova Dmitri Leo M. , Yang Luming , Chen Tianyang , Hendon Christopher H. , Arguilla Maxx Q. , Dincă Mircea
Published: January 2022

Metallic charge transport and porosity appear almost mutually exclusive. Whereas metals demand large numbers of free carriers and must have minimal impurities and lattice vibrations to avoid charge scattering, the voids in porous materials limit the carrier concentration, provide ample space for impurities, and create more charge-scattering vibrations due to the size and flexibility of the lattice. No microporous material has been conclusively shown to behave as a metal. Here, we demonstrate that single crystals of the porous metal-organic framework Ln1.5HOTP (Ln = La, Nd; HOTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaoxytriphenylene) show the highest room-temperature conductivities of all porous materials, along with clear temperature-deactivated transport. A structural transition consistent with charge density wave ordering, present only in metals and rare in any materials, provides additional conclusive proof of the metallic nature of the materials.
To an Alien Mecca: Durban Port and its Waterfronts before 1914
Authors: MacDonald Andrew
Published: January 2022

Between 1860 and 1914, three to four million people passed along Durban’s waterfronts, most travelling to or from an industrialising hinterland that a colonial gatekeeper called a ‘Mecca for aliens.’ This article explores mass migration through Durban and the changes the phenomenon brought to the social world and built environments around the lagoon that forms today’s large container port. Using Immigration, Harbour Department and Water Police archives, it shows how the lagoon, until the mid-nineteenth century an obscure outlier in the Indian Ocean World, became deeply integrated with processes simultaneously underway across much of maritime Asia. After an introduction that places colonial Durban alongside the wider changes common to many Indian-Ocean ports, we set the scene with an overview of the lagoon’s deep precolonial past. The core argument then moves through several phases. First, economic and technological developments from the 1850s, designed to inflate cargo capacity, also intensified transoceanic migrant traffic. This generated a rich cultural heterogeneity on the lagoon’s fringes. Second, mass migration fueled a backlash among colonial authorities, who built an elaborate architecture of detention and surveillance around the inner shore. Third, some migrants subverted the new order by ‘jumping ship’ in creative ways, ensuring the waterfronts remained, for a time, unruly heterotopia. In these ways, Durban became a characteristic Indian Ocean port city. But Durban authorities introduced an unusual element: to the north they created a recreational beachfront for settler elites. This ultimately reorientated the city’s waterfront away from the lagoon to the open ocean, casting the former’s social history into the shadows.
Indian Ocean Studies: How did we get here and where are we going? A Historian's Perspective
Authors: Alpers Edward A.
Published: January 2022

In this article I present a survey of Indian Ocean Studies that focuses primarily on the development of its historiography after World War II from imperial history and its emergence as a distinct scholarly enterprise from the 1980s to the present day. In particular, I discuss some of the seminal monographs that have been published over the past two decades, suggesting the characteristics and challenges of modern historiography as reflected in these works. The article concludes by raising a number of lingering questions about definition and conceptualization, as well as suggesting ways ahead for future scholarship.
Gender, Race, and Fortunes in the East India Company's 'Familial Proto-State': The Evidence of Scottish Wills and Testaments, c.1740-c.1820
Authors: MacKillop Andrew
Published: January 2022

The family unit has become an important lens for investigating the social, gendered, and racial dimensions of early British imperialism in Asia. Using evidence derived from wills and testaments registered by Scots at the English East India Company’s settlements between 1740 and 1820, this article explores how colonial wealth was redistributed. In doing so it reconsiders how families and kinship acted as both a transhemispheric connection between Europe and the Indian Ocean World and a disruptor of social, gendered, and racial dynamics.
It queries arguments that family boundaries could be porous enough to incorporate mixed-race children resulting from relationships between Europeans and local women. Analysis of overall patterns of wealth allocation, rather than individual family case studies, reveals a clear tendency to separate or ‘silo’ such children. Offspring born to local women received far less than family back in Scotland and were usually left in the place of their birth. Families in Scotland stressed a political economy of profit remittance and discouraged the creation of new obligations to children and local women. Considerable sums were instead allocated to female relatives. One result of the policing of extended family boundaries was a heightening in pre-1820s Scottish society of colour consciousness and racialised notions of identity. In this way, the Indian Ocean World, just as surely as better-known processes such as the Atlantic slave trade, contributed a practical and immediate set of imperatives driving new concepts of race and racialisation in Enlightenment era Scotland.
Rights, Interpersonal Violence and Settler Colonialism in Early Nineteenth-Century South Africa: Thomas Pringle and Scottish Colonialism at the Cape, 1820-1834
Authors: Elbourne Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

Thomas Pringle, a Scottish settler at the Cape Colony and later secretary of the Anti-Slavery Society in England, was both a settler in territory recently conquered from the Xhosa and an advocate against violence on Eastern Cape borderlands. This article examines both aspects of his career in the 1820s and early 1830s, and asks how they relate to one another. While working to put accounts of abuse into trans-imperial circulation, Pringle was caught up in the structures of settler colonialism at the Cape, including militarization and the quest for African labour. The evidence he provided was nonetheless politically significant. The article places Pringle’s work in the context of a larger history of the development of human rights and their interaction with both humanitarianism and colonialism. The article further asks what difference, if any, Pringle’s Scottishness made to his own sense of identity, political activity and views of colonialism.
David Livingstone, UNESCO, and Nation-Building in 19th-21st-Century Scotland and East and Central Africa
Authors: Gooding Philip
Published: January 2022

This article assesses the role of David Livingstone (1813-73), a Scottish missionary, in nation-building efforts in Scotland and parts of the western Indian Ocean World. It begins by establishing the ways in which he became central to Scottish national, British imperial, Christian missionary, and abolitionist movements in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. It then examines why, despite these ‘colonialist’ associations, he remains central to some aspects of nation-building in present-day Tanzania and Malawi. The key focus in this context are these two nations’ respective applications to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to have museums and landmarks that centre Livingstone in their histories recognised as World Heritage sites. In so doing, it draws on regional concerns within the nations themselves, the prerogatives behind UNESCO’s activities on the African continent, and ongoing relationships between Scotland and (especially) Malawi. Despite current social movements that are increasingly vocal and critical of figures associated with colonialism, Livingstone remains revered and central to the nation among many in Scotland and East and Central Africa.
SEDIMENTARY ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS AND SANDY BRAIDED FLUVIAL SUCCESSIONS IN AJALI SANDSTONE RIDGES, WESTERN AFIKPO BASIN, UTURU, NIGERIA
Authors: Oyanyan Raphael Oaikhena , Ohaegbulem Modestus Chijioke , Agbo Christian Chukwudi , Iloanya Nonyelum Stella
Published: January 2022

Lithofacies, bounding surfaces and sedimentary architectural elements exposed in two ridges at Uturu being quarried for construction sands were analysed to determine the paleoenvironment of deposition and the factors that control the deposition of sand units. Mainly outcropped is Ajali Formation overlying locally exposed Mamu Formation in Western Afikpo basin. Lithofacies identified include: Trough cross bedded medium- to coarse-grained (St), Planar cross bedded fine- to coarse-grained sandstone (Sp), Small scale planar cross bedded sandstone (SSp), Lenticular mudstone (Fm), Heterolithic sandstone/mudstone (Fsm), Horizontal stratified sandstone (Sh), Cross ripple laminated sandstone (Sr), Reddish muddy sand (Fl), Siltstone (SSm) and Shale (Fsh). The associations of lithofacies and bounding surfaces gave four fluvial and one marine architectural element. The fluvial elements which mainly characterized the Ajali Formation include: Channel-fill (CH), Macroforms Accretion (MA). Flood-Plain Fines (FF) and Channel Abandonment Fines (CAF). Offshore-shoreface fines (OSF) element defined marine Mamu Formation. The profiles of the ridges show dominance of MA followed by CH while FF is limited in occurrence and in some zones pinch-out to lenticular inter-bar mudstone. The MA is characterized by planar cross beddings, reactivation surfaces, internal grading, steep dipping ferruginized accretion surfaces and abrupt flat top which indicate mid-channel bars deposition in typical sandy braided fluvial depositional system. Generally, there is vertical aggradation/ amalgamation of channel deposits and dominance of sheet alluvial architecture. Low rate of channel avulsion, moderate rate of lateral migration and aggradation, variable discharge rate and high rate of sediment supply and subsidence were considered as factors that controlled the deposition and preservations of sand units. This study provided an understanding of mesoscopic heterogeneities and compartmentalization style inherent in hydrocarbon bearing sandy braided reservoirs which can be used as analog model for its development.
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ABBASAN WATERSHED BETWEEN (IRAQ – IRAN), USING (GIS) TECHNIQUE
Authors: A Majeed Sabah , M. Amin Hemin Nasraldin
Published: January 2022

Morphometric analysis is the best method to understand and determine the shape, size, and dimension of a watershed. Conducting this analysis required a wide variety of quantitative measurements and mathematical analysis presenting valuable data related to hydrological characteristics of the watershed. Using GIS technique and Digital Elevation Models (SRTM-DEM) images were extremely facilitated the method and precisely boosted the results. Morphometric parameters were utilized of the Abbasan watershed determining hydrological properties and runoff assessment. The watershed area, of Abbasan covers (878.34) km2, the calculations of dimension, shape, and compactness coefficient are done which indicated elongated shape, low runoff intensity and low erosion rates. Most of the morphometric parameters were computed and analyzed such as relief properties, stream network, and drainage pattern characteristics which is referring to (2555) m elevation, low-moderate relief, six stream orders, and three types of drainage patterns respectively. Rectangular drainage patterns occupied a large area followed by Dendritic and Trellis patterns in terms of area. This study has given a comprehensive insight into the whole morphometric aspects of the Abbasan watershed.
Procesos quirúrgicos y cuidados de un trasplante de medula ósea en infantes
Authors: Toaza Caizaluisa Bryan David , Freire Chávez Diana Elizabeth , Morales Cruz Andrea Carolina , Zambrano Veliz Denisse Alexandra
Published: January 2022

La Leucemia es una enfermedad que comúnmente la conocemos como un cáncer de la sangre, es decir que cuando las células inmaduras de la sangre, los blastos proliferan anormalmente, y se reproducen de manera incontrolada en la médula ósea, que es un sector del cuerpo que está en la mitad de todos los huesos de nuestro cuerpo y logran reemplazar a las células normales esto genera la enfermedad lo permite que afecte a la sangre y diferentes tejidos. La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enfoca hacia una metodología orientada hacia la necesidad de indagar en forma precisa y coherente una situación. Enmarcada dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Procesos quirúrgicos y cuidados de un trasplante de medula ósea en infantes. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales impresos, audiovisuales y electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. Tanto los procesos quirúrgicos como los cuidados post trasplantes, como tratamiento para el cáncer de sangre en general, o leucemia dependiendo de sus variantes, son los mismos, se toma una vía central y las células hematopoyéticas, medula ósea autólogo de un donante externo que puede ser familiar o no, entre otros. Se introducen en el paciente como si se estuviera haciendo una transfusión de sangre, muchos que a simple vista no tienen conocimientos médicos podrán decir que son técnicas muy fáciles, pero no están al tanto de los trasfondos médicos que hay que escalar para poder llegar hasta ese punto. En cuanto a los cuidados post trasplantes, en base a las necesidades de Virginia Henderson, estas se pueden dividir entre los cuidados médicos como tal y el afrontar los desafíos que se presenten y el aspecto emocional del paciente que también es de gran ayuda para su proceso de recuperación.
RUSSIAN SOURCES IN C. MALAPARTE’S HISTORICAL JOURNALISM (BASED ON LENIN’S BIOGRAPHY)
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Odesskiy Mikhail P.
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes the Russian sources used by Curzio Malaparte in his biography of V. Lenin (1932). In particular, the Italian writer attracted the historical journalism of L. Trotsky and also compared Lenin with the heroes of the Russian classic novel (F. Dostoevsky, I. Goncharov, L. Tolstoy). The purpose of the appeal to Russian sources was not only to find facts, but also to create an original image of Lenin – as a representative of the national character and as a typical European bourgeois.
SEMI-DIRECT SPEECH IN A JOURNALISTIC TEXT. THE TECHNIQUE OF “COMBINING POINTS OF VIEW”
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Basovskaya Evgeniya N.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of a structure functioning in the media text and representing a blend of direct and indirect speech and defined by a number of specialists as semi-direct speech. Relying on oral and written materials of the publishing house “Kommersant” 2000–2021, the author demonstrates both negative and positive qualities of semi-direct speech. In some cases, such a syntactic move creates difficulties in understanding the utterance, so as undesirable ambiguity. In other contexts, semi-direct speech does not provoke communication failures and provides additional expressiveness, giving the effect of combining the points of view of the journalist and the reader/listener or the journalist and the main character of the publication. That property of semi-direct speech makes it much-in-demand in modern media text, the distinctive feature of which is the striving for dialogueness.
Evaluation of Usage of Marble Wastes in Porcelain Body
Authors: Behlül KAYALI Mehmet , CANDAR Duygu , CANDOĞAN Oğuz Caner , UBAY Elif , KARACA Yusuf
Published: January 2022

Son zamanlarda sanayi kuruluşlarının gelişmesi ve nüfusun artması ile paralel olarak endüstriyel atık maddelerde artış gözlenmektedir. Bu yüzden atıkların minimizasyonu ve alternatif hammadde olarak kullanılması zorunlu bir hal almıştır.
Seramik ve porselen karo fabrikaları üretim miktarları olarak en yüksek hacme sahip endüstriyel faaliyet gösteren sektörler arasındadır. Seramik karo bileşiminde % 30-40 kil, % 10-15 kuvars, % 40-45 oranında feldspat vardır. Bu
çalışmada, Bilecik Organize Sanayi Bölgesinde bir firmadan tedarik edilen mermer atıklarının porselen karo bünye içerisinde kullanımı ve porselen karo özelliklerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Porselen karo üretimde kullanılan standart
bünye reçetelerindeki farklı hammaddelerin yerine farklı oranlarda mermer atığı ilavesi ile yeni reçeteler oluşturulup porselen karo numuneleri hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan numunelerin mekanik ve fiziksel testleri yapılmış ve standart
ile sonuçları kıyaslanmıştır. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda endüstriyel simbiyoz kapsamında mermer atıklarının porselen karo bünyesinde, istenen özellikleri bozmadan kullanılabileceği gibi alternatif bir hammadde olarak da değerlendirilebileceği
anlaşılmıştır.
MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS: A EXPERIÊNCIA DA ELABORAÇÃO DO PROGRAMA ESTADUAL DE AQUISIÇÃO DE ALIMENTOS DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR (PEAAF) EM PERNAMBUCO.
Authors: Lima Alexciane Assis de
Published: January 2022

Como movimentos sociais podem influenciar na modelagem de uma política pública? Essa relação ao longo das últimas quatro décadas vem sendo inseridas nas discussões e análise que tratam da atuação dess
On generalization of extended Gegenbauer polynomials of two variables
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Aden University, Aden, Yemen, Al-Gonah Ahmed Ali , Atash Ahmed Ali ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Education Shabwah, Aden University, Aden, Yemen
Published: January 2022

Recently, many extensions of some special functions are defined by using the extended Beta function. In this paper, we introduce a new generalization of extended Gegenbauer polynomials of two variables by using the extended Gamma function. Some properties of these generalized polynomials such as integral representation, recurrence relation and generating functions are obtained.
A study of the power-cosine copula
Authors:   Université de Caen Normandie, LMNO, Campus II, Science 3, 14032, Caen, France, Chesneau Christophe
Published: January 2022

Copulas played a key role in numerous areas of statistics over the last few decades. In this paper, we offer a new kind of trigonometric bivariate copula based on power and cosine functions. We present it via analytical and graphical approaches. We show that it may be used to create a new bivariate normal distribution with interesting shapes. Subsequently, the simplest version of the suggested copula is highlighted. We discuss some of its relationships with the Farlie-Gumbel-Morgensten and simple polynomial-sine copulas, establish that it is a member of a well-known semi-parametric family of copulas, investigate its dependence domains, and show that it has no tail dependence.