bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Values and the Social Environment on the Environmental Attitudes of Students: The Case of Lithuania
Authors: Jančius Rūtenis , Gavenauskas Algirdas , Ūsas Antanas
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of values and social environmental factors on the pro-environmental attitudes of students. A representative survey of 1161 Lithuanian schoolchildren was conducted between October and November 2020. Health was the most important value for students, and for girls, while healthcare was more important for boys. Among the ecological values, unpolluted food, clean air, and fresh water were the most important. For Lithuanian students, school does not play a decisive role in outdoor behavior compared to family, which plays a more important role in outdoor behavior, and friends are the most important influencers of outdoor behavior. Students in Lithuania have a pro-ecological outlook, which is shaped by their interest in and practice of ecology. Students of ECO schools are more responsible than students of regular schools, although they have less pro-environmental attitudes compared to students of regular schools.
The Convergence Model of Education for Sustainability in the Transition to Digital Economy
Authors: Deev Mikhail , Gamidullaeva Leyla , Finogeev Alexey , Finogeev Anton , Vasin Sergey
Published: October 2021

The paper studies the problem of updating educational programs and content, taking into account changing requirements of standards and employers for qualifications and competencies of specialists. First, we show that the updating process in transition to digital economy is associated with the transition to the convergence model of education providing its sustainability perspective. Furthermore, we propose the technique and develop basic models and methods for updating based on the convergence approach, for assessing the degree of convergence of competency models and educational content. The problems of collecting, consolidating, and extracting information on the required competencies from vacancy advertisements in open sources on the Internet are also considered. The convergence approach to updating educational programs is being introduced and tested in the information and learning environment of Penza State University (Penza, Russia).
Assessment and Recommendations for a Fossil Free Future for Track Work Machinery
Authors: Zeiner Martina , Landgraf Matthias , Knabl Dieter , Antony Bernhard , Barrena Cárdenas Víctor , Koczwara Christian
Published: October 2021

Current railway track work machinery is mainly operated with diesel fuel. As a result, track maintenance of Austrian Federal Railways (OeBB) amounts to nearly 9000 t CO2 equivalent per year according to calculations from Graz University of Technology. OeBB’s total length of railway lines only accounts for 0.56% of the world’s length of lines. This indicates huge potential for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions considering the need for track maintenance worldwide. Environmental concerns have led to the introduction of alternative drives in the transport sector. Until now, R&D (Research & Development) of alternative propulsion technologies for track work machinery has been widely neglected. This paper examines the possibility of achieving zero direct emissions during maintenance and construction work in railways by switching to alternative drives. The goal is to analyze alternative propulsion solutions arising from the transport sector and to assess their applicability to track work machinery. Research results, together with a calculation tool, show that available battery technology is recommendable for energy demands lower than 300 kWh per construction shift. Hydrogen fuel cell technology is an alternative for energy demands higher than 800 kWh. For machinery with energy requirements in between, enhancements in battery technology are necessary and desirable for the coming years.
Effect of Precast Concrete Pavement Albedo on the Climate Change Mitigation in Spain
Authors: Sanjuán Miguel Ángel , Morales Ángel , Zaragoza Aniceto
Published: October 2021

The widespread use of solar-reflective concrete pavements can mitigate climatic change and urban heat islands (UHI) by cooling the pavement surfaces that are made of concrete instead of asphalt. The methodology that was followed is based on the comparison between the asphalt and concrete albedo effects in a specific application and area. In this study, we found that a reduction of temperature in the terrestrial surface, equivalent to the removal of 25–75 kgCO2/m2, could be achieved. Considering all the motorways and freeways of Spain, which is the third country in the world in km, a yearly equivalent carbon dioxide emissions reduction of 13–27 million tons could be reached. This value is quite high considering that the cement sector worldwide released about 2.9 Gigatons of carbon dioxide in 2016. Therefore, there is a positive balance in the use of concrete pavements. Furthermore, concrete is a material completely recyclable at the end of its service life and concrete pavement construction requires local resources, avoiding GHG emissions due to transport. An increase in the Spanish freeway network albedo by replacing asphalt pavements with concrete ones will improve the local climate change mitigation.
Ecosystem Services Monitoring in the Muthurajawela Marsh and Negombo Lagoon, Sri Lanka, for Sustainable Landscape Planning
Authors: Athukorala Darshana , Estoque Ronald C. , Murayama Yuji , Matsushita Bunkei
Published: October 2021

In this study, we examined the impacts of urbanization on the natural landscape and ecosystem services of the Muthurajawela Marsh and Negombo Lagoon (MMNL) located in the Colombo Metropolitan Region, Sri Lanka, with the goal to help inform sustainable landscape and urban planning. The MMNL is an important urban wetland ecosystem in the country but has been under the immense pressure of urbanization where the natural cover (e.g., marshland and mangrove areas) is continuously being converted to urban use (e.g., residential and commercial). Here, we estimated and assessed the changes in the ecosystem service value (ESV) of the MMNL based on land use/cover (LUC) changes over the past two decades (1997–2017). Considering two plausible scenarios, namely a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario and ecological protection (EP) scenario, and using a spatially explicit land change model, we simulated the future (2030) LUC changes in the area and estimated the potential consequent future changes in the ESV of the MMNL. The results revealed that from 1997 to 2017, the ESV of the MMNL decreased by USD 8.96 million/year (LKR 1642 million/year), or about 33%, primarily due to the loss of mangrove and marshland from urban expansion. Under a BAU scenario, by 2030, it would continue to decrease by USD 6.01 million/year (LKR 1101 million/year), or about 34%. Under an EP scenario, the projected decrease would be lower at USD 4.79 million/year (LKR 878 million/year), or about 27%. Among the ecosystem services of the MMNL that have been, and would be, affected the most are flood attenuation, industrial wastewater treatment, agriculture production, and support to downstream fisheries (fish breeding and nursery). Overall, between the two scenarios, the EP scenario is the more desirable for the sustainability of the MMNL. It can help flatten its curve of continuous ecological degradation; hence, it should be considered by local government planners and decision-makers. In general, the approach employed is adaptable and applicable to other urban wetland ecosystems in the country and the rest of the world.
GREEN: Cool & Care—Research and Development of Greening Measures in Nursing Homes in Austria. Technical and Social Interconnections
Authors: Halbmayer Katharina , Hollands Jutta , Alasu Sara , Korjenic Azra , Pichler Barbara , Reitinger Elisabeth , Zojer Eva , Knoll Bente , Renkin Agnes , Dopheide Ralf
Published: October 2021

According to demographic data, the percentage of elderly people within the population is growing, representing a vulnerable group to the effects of increasing heat, but little attention has been paid to developed adaptation measures. In addition, many older people leave their familiar homes and live in nursing homes. The person-centred care pursues creating spaces of high living quality for these people in nursing homes, to which plants and greenery can contribute. Greening is also considered an effective climate change adaptation measure. To create healthy conditions for this vulnerable group of elderly, both technical and social factors must be considered, and accordingly, a successful solution can only be achieved in an interdisciplinary way. The research and development of the project “Green: Cool & Care” dealt with this outset from a building physics, social, and nursing science perspective, and concepts to integrate greening measures in nursing homes were developed jointly by researchers, planners, staff, volunteers, and residents. For this purpose, measurement campaigns of air quality parameters, individual interviews and focus groups, as well as co-creative workshops were conducted aiming to include the objective building conditions as well as the subjective needs in developing and, in a further step, implementing greening measures.
Investigating COVID-19 News before and after the Soft Lockdown: An Example from Taiwan
Authors: Kuo Hsin-Yu , Chen Su-Yen , Lai Yu-Ting
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 caused an unprecedented public health crisis and was declared a global pandemic on 11 March 2020, by the World Health Organization. The Taiwanese government’s early deployment mitigated the effect of the pandemic, yet the breakout in May 2021 brought a new challenge. This study focuses on examining Taiwanese newspaper articles regarding the government response before and after the soft lockdown, collecting 125,570 articles reported by three major news channels from 31 December 2019, to 30 June 2021, and splitting them into four stages. Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic modeling and sentiment analysis were used to depict the overall picture of Taiwan’s pandemic. While the news media focused on the impact and shock of the pandemic in the initial stage, prevention measures were more present in the last stage. Then, to focus on the government response indicators, we retrieved 31,089 related news from 125,570 news articles and categorized them into ten indicators, finding the news centered on the fundamental measures that were taken early and that were transformed into advanced measures in the latest and hardest period of the pandemic. Furthermore, this paper examines the temporal distribution of the news related to each indicator with the support of a sentiment analysis of the news’ titles and content, indicating the preparation of Taiwanese society to confront the pandemic.
Impact of COVID-19 on Smallholder Poultry Farmers in Nigeria
Authors: Bamidele Oladeji , Amole Tunde Adegoke
Published: October 2021

In sub-Saharan Africa, most households in rural communities keep smallholder poultry, and are exposed to harsh socio-economic conditions caused by COVID-19 pandemic due to the vulnerability of their production systems to crisis. This study assessed the impact of COVID-19 on 525 smallholder poultry farmers in five states of Nigeria. The study was conducted 15 months after the onset of the pandemic in Nigeria using structured questionnaires focused on socio-demography, income, production systems, markets, and food security. Average household size increased from 6.9 before COVID-19, to 8.3 during COVID-19, representing a 20.3% increase in population growth. Over half (52.6%) of this increase was due to childbirths. Average monthly income before and during the pandemic was reduced from NGN 22,565 (USD 62.70) to NGN15,617 (USD 38.10), respectively. During the pandemic, there was a 28.4% increase in the number of farmers living below the international poverty line of USD 1.90 per day. In addition, reliance on chickens for food and income was significantly (p < 0.05) impacted by gender, location, household size, and monthly income. These results show that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on the livelihoods and food security of farmers, and the findings are essential in developing appropriate post-COVID-19 interventions for smallholder poultry production in Nigeria.
Inner Product Groups and Riesz Representation Theorem
Authors: Pourmoslemi Alireza , Nazari Tahereh , Salimi Mehdi
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we introduce an inner product on abelian groups and, after investigating the basic properties of the inner product, we first show that each inner product group is a torsion-free abelian normed group. We give examples of such groups and describe the norms induced by such inner products. Among other results, Hilbert groups, midconvex and orthogonal subgroups are presented, and a Riesz representation theorem on divisible Hilbert groups is proved.
DFT Insights into the Hydrodenitrogenation and Ring-Opening of Indole on an M (M = Ni, Pt, Ni–Pt) Slab Model
Authors: Wang Cuiping , Chu Jinpeng , Zhang Lianji , Huang Yan , Zhang Zhiqiang , Chen Hao , Shi Hongqi
Published: October 2021

Density functional theory (DFT) calculation has been used to study the hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and ring-opening of indole on an M (M = Ni, Pt, Ni–Pt) slab surface. The possible reaction pathway of indole hydrogenation has been investigated in order to reveal the bimetallic synergistic effects of an M slab surface. Compared to the mechanism of indole hydrogenation on an M slab surface, it was found that a PtNi(111) surface favors indole hydrogenation. According to the results of DFT calculation, it suggests that the bimetallic effect of the M surface plays an important role in indole hydrogenation.
Complexity Economics in a Time of Crisis: Heterogeneous Agents, Interconnections, and Contagion
Authors: Harré Michael S. , Eremenko Aleksey , Glavatskiy Kirill , Hopmere Michael , Pinheiro Leonardo , Watson Simon , Crawford Lynn
Published: October 2021

In this article, we consider a variety of different mechanisms through which crises such as COVID-19 can propagate from the micro-economic behaviour of individual agents through to an economy’s aggregate dynamics and subsequently spill over into the global economy. Our central theme is one of changes in the behaviour of heterogeneous agents, agents who differ in terms of some measure of size, wealth, connectivity, or behaviour, in different parts of an economy. These are illustrated through a variety of case studies, from individuals and households with budgetary constraints, to financial markets, to companies composed of thousands of small projects, to companies that implement single multi-billion dollar projects. In each case, we emphasise the role of data or theoretical models and place them in the context of measuring their inter-connectivity and emergent dynamics. Some of these are simple models that need to be ‘dressed’ in socio-economic data to be used for policy-making, and we give an example of how to do this with housing markets, while others are more similar to archaeological evidence; they provide hints about the bigger picture but have yet to be unified with other results. The result is only an outline of what is possible but it shows that we are drawing closer to an integrated set of concepts, principles, and models. In the final section, we emphasise the potential as well as the limitations and what the future of these methods hold for economics.
Enniatin B and Deoxynivalenol Activity on Bread Wheat and on Fusarium Species Development
Authors: Ederli Luisa , Beccari Giovanni , Tini Francesco , Bergamini Irene , Bellezza Ilaria , Romani Roberto , Covarelli Lorenzo
Published: October 2021

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating wheat disease, mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum (FG)—a deoxynivalenol (DON)-producing species. However, Fusarium avenaceum (FA), able to biosynthesize enniatins (ENNs), has recently increased its relevance worldwide, often in co-occurrence with FG. While DON is a well-known mycotoxin, ENN activity, also in association with DON, is poorly understood. This study aims to explore enniatin B (ENB) activity, alone or combined with DON, on bread wheat and on Fusarium development. Pure ENB, DON, and ENB+DON (10 mg kg−1) were used to assess the impacts on seed germination, seedling growth, cell death induction (trypan blue staining), chlorophyll content, and oxidative stress induction (malondialdehyde quantification). The effect on FG and FA growth was tested using ENB, DON, and ENB+DON (10, 50, and 100 mg kg−1). Synergistic activity in the reduction of seed germination, growth, and chlorophyll degradation was observed. Conversely, antagonistic interaction in cell death and oxidative stress induction was found, with DON counteracting cellular stress produced by ENB. Fusarium species responded to mycotoxins in opposite directions. ENB inhibited FG development, while DON promoted FA growth. These results highlight the potential role of ENB in cell death control, as well as in fungal competition.
The Expression Level of HIV-1 Vif Is Optimized by Nucleotide Changes in the Genomic SA1D2prox Region during the Viral Adaptation Process
Authors: Koma Takaaki , Doi Naoya , Takemoto Mai , Watanabe Kyosuke , Yamamoto Hideki , Nakashima Satoshi , Adachi Akio , Nomaguchi Masako
Published: October 2021

HIV-1 Vif plays an essential role in viral replication by antagonizing anti-viral cellular restriction factors, a family of APOBEC3 proteins. We have previously shown that naturally-occurring single-nucleotide mutations in the SA1D2prox region, which surrounds the splicing acceptor 1 and splicing donor 2 sites of the HIV-1 genome, dramatically alter the Vif expression level, resulting in variants with low or excessive Vif expression. In this study, we investigated how these HIV-1 variants with poor replication ability adapt and evolve under the pressure of APOBEC3 proteins. Adapted clones obtained through adaptation experiments exhibited an altered replication ability and Vif expression level compared to each parental clone. While various mutations were present throughout the viral genome, all replication-competent adapted clones with altered Vif expression levels were found to bear them within SA1D2prox, without exception. Indeed, the mutations identified within SA1D2prox were responsible for changes in the Vif expression levels and altered the splicing pattern. Moreover, for samples collected from HIV-1-infected patients, we showed that the nucleotide sequences of SA1D2prox can be chronologically changed and concomitantly affect the Vif expression levels. Taken together, these results demonstrated the importance of the SA1D2prox nucleotide sequence for modulating the Vif expression level during HIV-1 replication and adaptation.
Innate Immune Responses to Influenza Virus Infections in the Upper Respiratory Tract
Authors: Mifsud Edin J. , Kuba Miku , Barr Ian G.
Published: October 2021

The innate immune system is the host’s first line of immune defence against any invading pathogen. To establish an infection in a human host the influenza virus must replicate in epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract. However, there are several innate immune mechanisms in place to stop the virus from reaching epithelial cells. In addition to limiting viral replication and dissemination, the innate immune system also activates the adaptive immune system leading to viral clearance, enabling the respiratory system to return to normal homeostasis. However, an overzealous innate immune system or adaptive immune response can be associated with immunopathology and aid secondary bacterial infections of the lower respiratory tract leading to pneumonia. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms utilised by the innate immune system to limit influenza virus replication and the damage caused by influenza viruses on the respiratory tissues and how these very same protective immune responses can cause immunopathology.
Self-Replicating RNA Viruses for Vaccine Development against Infectious Diseases and Cancer
Authors: Lundstrom Kenneth
Published: October 2021

Alphaviruses, flaviviruses, measles viruses and rhabdoviruses are enveloped single-stranded RNA viruses, which have been engineered for recombinant protein expression and vaccine development. Due to the presence of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity, subgenomic RNA can replicate close to 106 copies per cell for translation in the cytoplasm providing extreme transgene expression levels, which is why they are named self-replicating RNA viruses. Expression of surface proteins of pathogens causing infectious disease and tumor antigens provide the basis for vaccine development against infectious diseases and cancer. Self-replicating RNA viral vectors can be administered as replicon RNA at significantly lower doses than conventional mRNA, recombinant particles, or DNA plasmids. Self-replicating RNA viral vectors have been applied for vaccine development against influenza virus, HIV, hepatitis B virus, human papilloma virus, Ebola virus, etc., showing robust immune response and protection in animal models. Recently, paramyxovirus and rhabdovirus vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines as well as RNA vaccines based on self-amplifying alphaviruses have been evaluated in clinical settings. Vaccines against various cancers such as brain, breast, lung, ovarian, prostate cancer and melanoma have also been developed. Clinical trials have shown good safety and target-specific immune responses. Ervebo, the VSV-based vaccine against Ebola virus disease has been approved for human use.
Sewage Markers as Determinants to Differentiate Origins of Emerging Organic Pollutants in an Urban Sri Lankan Water Drainage Network
Authors: Quyen Do Thi Thuy , Masahiro Otaki , Otaki Yurina , Chaminda Tushara
Published: October 2021

Urban sanitation is a major challenge during the rapid urbanization being experienced by developing countries, as a low sewerage infrastructure capacity and irregular onsite wastewater treatment raise the risk of surface water contamination. The application of specific sewage markers to characterize contaminant sources is therefore essential for managing urban sanitation issues. In this study, we investigated the concentrations of eight sewage markers (acetaminophen, caffeine, carbamazepine, cotinine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine, atenolol, and acesulfame) in various water sources within urban area of the Galle City, Sri Lanka. The total concentration of the eight markers was in the order of hospital discharge > sewage treatment plant (STP) influent > surface drainage system. Among the eight selected markers, acetaminophen was dominant in hospital discharge (70.2–123.6 µg/L) while caffeine was the largest contributor to STP influent (16.2–68.7 µg/L) and surface drainage (0.95–21.73 µg/L). We then proposed and tested a set of criteria for evaluating the applicability of markers, including removal efficiency, concentration magnitude, excretion rate, and wastewater burden. The labile markers caffeine and acetaminophen were suitable for characterizing domestic gray and black wastewater, respectively. These results imply that the city’s drainage system receives both domestic graywater and human excretion, likely due to insufficient on-site sanitation systems. The conservative marker carbamazepine was useful for tracking hospital residues over long distances; these results imply that hospital wastewater treatment was not working properly, accounting for pharmaceutical residues reaching surface water via a hidden discharges connected to the drainage system.
Continuous Simulation of Highly Urbanized Watershed to Quantify Nutrients’ Loadings
Authors: Mahdi Naila , Pagilla Krishna R.
Published: October 2021

The United States has witnessed various extreme land use changes over the years. These changes led to alterations in watersheds’ characteristics, impacting their water quality and quantity. To quantify this impact in highly urbanized watersheds such as the Chicago Metropolitan Area, it is crucial to examine the characteristics and imperviousness distribution of urban land uses and available point and non-point sources. In this paper, the effect of urban runoff and nutrient loadings to water bodies in the Chicago River Watershed resulting from level (III) detailed urban land uses is investigated. A watershed scale hydrologic and water quality simulation using BASINS/HSPF model was developed for the highly urbanized watershed. Appropriate considerations were given to the effective impervious area (EIA). The results from the five-year calibrated water quality simulation were reasonably reflected with observed data in the study area and nutrient loadings of both point and non-point sources for 44 different land uses were found. The export coefficients (EC) values obtained are site-specific depending on conditions and variables at the watershed level such as physical characteristics, land use management practices, hydro-meteorological and topographical data, while using a continuous simulation approach and watershed perspective analysis. This is the first attempt to measure and model nutrients’ loadings using detailed land use types in the Chicago River Watershed. The proposed continuous calibrated and validated model can be used in the investigation and analysis of different scenarios and possible future conditions and land utilization.
Evaluation of a Minimum Liquid Discharge (MLD) Desalination Approach for Management of Unconventional Oil and Gas Produced Waters with a Focus on Waste Minimization
Authors: Ghurye Ganesh L.
Published: October 2021

The objective of this research study was to evaluate the feasibility of using a minimum liquid discharge (MLD) desalination approach as an alternate management option for unconventional produced waters (PWs) with a focus on minimizing the generation of solid waste. The feasibility of MLD was evaluated using OLI, a water chemistry software, to model thermal desalination of unconventional PWs from the Delaware Basin in New Mexico (NM). Desalination was theoretically terminated at an evaporation point before halite (NaCl) saturation in the residual brine. Results of this study showed that selectively targeting a subset of higher flow rate and lower TDS wells/centralized tank batteries (CTBs) could yield up to 76% recovery of distillate while generating minimal solid waste. Using a selective MLD approach did reduce the quantity of distillate recovered when compared with ZLD, and left a reduced volume of residual brine which has to be managed as a liquid waste. However, selective MLD also greatly reduced the amount of solid waste. The use of a ZLD approach yielded incrementally greater quantities of distillate but at the cost of large quantities of difficult-to-manage highly soluble waste. Simulation results showed that waste generated before NaCl precipitation was primarily composed of insoluble compounds such as calcite, barite and celestite, which can be disposed in conventional landfills. This study also found a simple empirical linear relationship between TDS and distillate recovery, thus allowing a non-expert to rapidly estimate potential distillate recovery for a given starting PW quality.
Influence of Terrestrial Precipitation on the Variability of Extreme Sea Levels along the Coast of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md. Anowarul , Sato Tomonori
Published: October 2021

The coastal area of Bangladesh is highly vulnerable to extreme sea levels because of high population exposure in the low-lying deltaic coast. Since the area lies in the monsoon region, abundant precipitation and the resultant increase in river discharge have raised a flood risk for the coastal area. Although the effects of atmospheric forces have been investigated intensively, the influence of precipitation on extreme sea levels in this area remains unknown. In this study, the influence of precipitation on extreme sea levels for three different stations were investigated by multivariate regression using the meteorological drivers of precipitation, sea level pressure, and wind. The prediction of sea levels considering precipitation effects outperformed predictions without precipitation. The benefit of incorporating precipitation was greater at Cox’s Bazar than at Charchanga and Khepupara, reflecting the hilly landscape at Cox’s Bazar. The improved prediction skill was mainly confirmed during the monsoon season, when strong precipitation events occur. It was also revealed that the precipitation over the Bangladesh area is insensitive to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole mode. The precipitation over northern Bangladesh tended to be high in the year of a high sea surface temperature over the Bay of Bengal, which may have contributed to the variation in sea level. The findings suggest that the effect of precipitation plays an essential role in enhancing sea levels during many extreme events. Therefore, incorporating the effect of terrestrial precipitation is essential for the better prediction of extreme sea levels, which helps coastal management and reduction of hazards.
Neuroeconomics in operational and managerial decision-making: a philosophical aspect
Authors: Morozov Vladimir Alexandrovich
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to a philosophical discussion of the emerging field of neuroeconomics, which is the study of neural mechanisms involved in decision-making and their economic significance. Separate concepts of rational and irrational decision-making in philosophy, economics and psychology are presented. In the interdisciplinary field of neuroeconomics, through logic and individual examples, it explores approaches in the theory of decision-making. Neuroeconomical accounting of irrationality is characterized, and it is confirmed that a person does not always make rational decisions. It is noted that because of his brain activity, decisions can be predetermined in advance, creating the so-called «illusion of choice».
Public administration and national industry policy: feature of foreign experience, principles of rational interaction
Authors: Vinslav Yuriy Boleslavovich
Published: October 2021

The article describes the main trends in the implementation of the state industrial policy abroad. Examples of the USA and China are given. The increasing role of state regulation in industrial development is noted. The US experience in improving strategic state planning is considered. The priority directions of China's industrial policy are characterized. The necessity of improving the principles of formation and implementation of the domestic industrial policy in the conditions of its continuing raw materials orientation is emphasized. The issues of improving the quality of institutional regulation of industry are described in detail. The necessity of linking the development of the industrial sphere with demand forecasts and national security strategies is justified. The problems of choosing the priorities of industrial development, as well as the requirements for participants in the formation and implementation of industrial state programs are considered. Recommendations on the formation of an active and balanced industrial policy are given. The key aspects of industrial policy that need to be taken into account in the formation of the public administration system are described.
Creation of a system of management and coordination of R&D of high-tech enterprises in the context of digital transformation
Authors: Dobrova Ekaterina Dmitrievna
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the role of R&D in the activities of science-intensive enterprises, analyzes the problems arising in the implementation of investment activities in the context of digital transformation, and concludes that it is necessary to build a management and coordination system for R&D, focused on the successful implementation of a digital strategy and the growth of the market value of enterprises. The main tasks of building a system, its components, as well as measures and ways of solving problems arising in the process of management and coordination of R&D at enterprises in the new realities of economic development are given.
Hydrogen energy: prospects and challenges for Russia
Authors: Zvorykina Julia Viktorovna , Pavlova O. A.
Published: October 2021

The article goes deal with the main prospects and advantages of the development of hydrogen energy in Russia. Currently, hydrogen energy is on the agenda for most countries, and despite the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, the demand in the hydrogen energy market may increase significantly. First of all, the increase is directly related to the racing countries in the pursuit of greening and decarbonization of air. For Russia, the development of hydrogen energy is conditioned by a number of factors. Currently, there are a number of premises that will allow Russia to occupy a certain share in the world market in the future, as well as to change the component of the national energy balance. The expected drop in demand in the global hydrocarbon market, including the demand for oil, increases the relevance of the development of hydrogen energy.
Organization of electricity and capacity supplies: experience and practice of reforms in a particular region
Authors: Yashchenko Alexandra Vasilyevna
Published: October 2021

The article examines the process of formation of the power supply industry in the 2000s using the example of a separate region. The market transformation of RAO UES was carried out under the slogan of increasing the efficiency and reliability of interaction between the economy and the energy sector. However, in practice, the creation of the energy market faced many problems, the specifics of the “special product” electricity, network problems, institutional and other problems. On the example of the Altai Territory, the genesis of the territorial power supply system is shown within the framework of the general concept of market reform of the electric power industry. On the basis of real data of the supplier of last resort and the real consumer of electricity and capacity, a retrospective of the relationship of these entities in practice is shown. The dynamics of the average price for electricity is calculated and its quite significant growth is shown for the entire post-reform period of observations.
Controle postural e risco de quedas em pacientes com AVC agudo trombolisado
Authors: Corradini Sandra , Nascimento Carla Ferreira do , Castro Isabella Pereira Rosa de , Santos Daniele França dos , Anjos Jorge Luis Motta dos
Published: October 2021

Introdução. Pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico (AVCI) agudo trombilisados, internados em unidade de AVC , tendem a apresentar déficits de controle postural (CP) que impactam na mobilidade funcional (MF) e aumentam o risco de quedas (RQ). Objetivos. Verificar a associação entre CP e MF e identificar os principais domínios e tarefas do CP que impactam na mobilidade independente. Métodos. Estudo transversal, realizado com 34 pacientes consecutivos, com deambulação independente. CP e MF foram mensurados pelos instrumentos PASS e TUG, respectivamente, e analisados pelo teste de correlação de Pearson. A PASS, os domínios manutenção de postura (MAP) e mudança de postura (MUP), e as tarefas da PASS foram comparadas ao TUG utilizando, respectivamente, os testes ANOVA e qui-quadrado, e o RQ foi avaliado pelo TUG. Os dados foram analisados utilizando o programa SPSS 17.0, α ≥ 0,05 e poder de 80%. Resultados. Correlação de Pearson negativa moderada para PASS e TUG (r=-0,576; p=0,000), fraca para MAP e TUG (r=-0,448; p=0,049) e moderada para MUP e TUG (r=-0,641; p=0,006). As tarefas que mais impactaram na MF foram em pé sobre a perna não hemiparética (r=-0,674; p=0,000) e em pé sobre a perna não hemiparética (r=-0,631; p=0,000). As tarefas sentado sem apoio (p=0,055) e de decúbito dorsal para o lado afetado (p=0,058) não tiveram significância estatística. Os pacientes apresentaram de moderado a alto RQ. Conclusão. CP impacta na MF em pacientes com mobilidade preservada e comprometida, apresentando maior implicação do CP estático e maior comprometimento em condição unipodal e maior RQ nestes pacientes.
The new structure of the dava at Popeşti (Giurgiu County, southeastern Romania, 2nd century BC – ca. AD 6), based on the 2019–2020 preventive excavations. The first data
Authors: Palincaş Nona
Published: October 2021

Scopul acestui raport preliminar asupra săpăturilor preventive desfășurate în 2019– 2020 în Așezarea B a cunoscutei dave de la Popești (jud. Giurgiu) – situl identificat de Radu Vulpe ca Argedava din izvoarele antice – este acela de a atrage atenția asupra nevoii de a modifica imaginea noastră cu privire la structura davei, precum și asupra faptului că zona din sit care este sursa acestor noi informații – respectiv cimitirul satului actual – este distrusă treptat de înmormântări, în timp ce resursele disponibile pentru salvarea informației arheologice sunt disproporționat de reduse după orice standarde, și cu atât mai mult prin comparație cu importanța descoperirilor in discuție. Locuirile pre‑ și post‑dava nu vor fi tratate aici. Chiar și acelea aparținând davei sunt prezentate selectiv și în principal pe baza observațiilor făcute în timpul săpăturii, deoarece, până acum, cea mai mare parte a artefactelor nu au putut fi curățate și deci cu atât mai puțin interpretate. Ce rezultă din săpăturile din 2019– 2020 din aria cimitirului este că Aşezarea B nu era o zonă utilizată exclusiv pentru locuire de către populaţia de rând, aşa cum s‑a crezut anterior, ci avea cartiere specializate pe ritualuri publice (cu clădiri mari şi vetre decorate), probabil metalurgia fierului, sigur producţie şi comerţ cu vin. Astfel, dava în întregul său devine o aşezare urbană de complexitate mult sporită faţă de ce s‑a ştiut anterior. Aceste date contribuie la mai buna înţelegere a proceselor economice, sociale şi politice care au făcut posibilă extraordinara realizare care a fost formarea primului stat dac. Totuşi, dacă nu se vor lua rapid măsuri pentru conservare sau/ şi cercetare adecvată, mare parte a acestui potenţial de informaţie va fi pierdut.
Cisto hemorrágico da adrenal: relato de um caso
Authors: de Castro Andrea Zeringota , Flores Gabriela Rossi Ladeira Herrera , Gonçalves João Vitor Cotrim , Hooper Breno Carvalho , Simões Monna Emanuelly Camargos , Ligeiro Neto José Clóvis , Silva Ricardo Rúbio Campos , Azevedo Filho Tarcísio Versiani
Published: October 2021

Os cistos da adrenal são uma condição clínica relativamente rara, a considerar a baixa prevalência e incidência dos cistos benignos da adrenal incidentalmente descobertos por exames de imagem, podendo ser originados a partir dos pseudocistos, cistos epiteliais, endoteliais ou parasitários. É uma enfermidade de curso insidioso, podendo se apresentar clinicamente na maioria das vezes com dor abdominal, quando há ruptura dos cistos ou hemorragia, o que caracteriza o cisto hemorrágico. Este trabalho almeja a esclarecer sobre o que se tem de mais recente sobre o cisto hemorrágico da adrenal e seu tratamento na atualidade, já que a conduta cirúrgica varia de acordo com os diferentes centros cirúrgicos face à raridade destas lesões.
IMPLEMENTASI APLIKASI KAHOOT SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS GAME DALAM PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KATOLIK
Authors: Permana Natalis Sukma
Published: October 2021

In the world of education, learning media has a very important role. The position of learning media as a tool or means of conveying messages from teachers to students. In learning activities, the media has the function of attention, cognitive function, afective function and compensatory function. One of the media learning that can be used is the Kahoot application. Media learning in the form of visuals has the benefit of being able to attract students' attention and motivate students to learn. Kahoot is a game-based visual media that is easily accessed and used by teachers and students. Game-based learning media is favored by the digital generation. Kahoot can be used as a teaching medium for Catholic religion education. In its utilization, it can be used for brainstorming, pretest-posttest, to find out understanding regarding the presented subject matter.
BIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVE TO DIESEL FUELS
Authors: Хамадалиева Г. М. , Баулин О. А. , Рахимов М. Н. , Ахмед Х. А.
Published: October 2021

В статье показано, что разработка отечественных присадок на сегодняшний день является актуальной и стратегически важной задачей. На основе побочных продуктов нефтехимических производств ООО «Газпром нефтехим Салават» была разработана оптимальная рецептура депрессорной присадки, показавшая свою эффективность на дизельных топливах различного состава и происхождения. Максимальный депрессорный эффект составил 18 ºС. Влияние разработанной присадки на противоизносные свойства дизельного топлива оказало также положительный эффект со снижением скорректированного диаметра пятна износа до 24%. Физико-химические свойства дизельных топлив при введении в их состав 0,2% мас. разработанной присадки удовлетворяют требованиям ГОСТ 32511-2013.

The article shows that the development of domestic additives is currently an urgent and strategically important task. The optimal formulation of the depressant additive was developed based on the by- products of the petrochemical production of Gazprom Neftekhim Salavat LLC. It has been shown effectiveness on diesel fuels of various composition and produsers. The maximum depressor effect was 18 °C. The effect of the developed additive on the anti-wear properties of diesel fuel also had a positive effect with a reduction in corrected wear scar diameter to 24%. The physico-chemical properties of diesel fuels with the introduction of 0.2% by weight of the developed additive meet the requirements of GOST 32511-2013. The significant important task - the rational use of by-products is solved with the developed additive.
WET METHOD FOR PREPARING LIQUID GLASS ON SILICA ADDITIVES
Authors: Муртазаев С-А. Ю. , Саламанова М. Ш. , Корянова Ю. И.
Published: October 2021

Сравнительный анализ технологий вяжущих веществ показал, что водный раствор натриевых щелочных силикатов обладает высокой вяжущей способностью, способствует образованию прочного цементного камня, хорошо совмещается с компонентами как минерального, так и органического происхождения. В работе приводятся факты перспективности применения в строительстве жидкого натриевого стекла. Предлагаемая ускоренная методика получения натриевого жидкого стекла мокрым способом с использованием кремнеземистых добавок позволит решить проблемы выбросов углекислоты в атмосферу и расширить сырьевую базу за счет применения некондиционного местного сырья.

A comparative analysis of the technologies of binders showed that an aqueous solution of sodium alkaline silicates has a high binding capacity, promotes the formation of a durable cement stone, and is well combined with components of both mineral and organic origin. The paper presents the facts of the prospects for the use of liquid sodium glass in construction.The proposed accelerated method for obtaining sodium water glass by the wet method using silica additives will solve the problem of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere and expand the resource base through the use of substandard local raw materials.
ARCHITECTURAL DECOR OF LOW-RISE BULDINGS AND THE BULDING 3D-PRINTER
Authors: Кокоев М. Н.
Published: October 2021

Рассматривается технология изготовления строительным 3D-принтером стен малоэтажных зданий с архитектурным декором. Каждую стену здания изготавливают в горизонтальном положении на площадке, покрытой антиадгезионным материалом. Вначале строят на площадке с помощью 3D-принтера несъемную опалубку из бетона по периметру стены. На площадке размещают оконные и дверные коробки, закладные элементы для монтажа электропроводки и других устройств. Укладывают нижний и верхний слои бетона с арматурными сетками, а промежуточный слой из пенобетона или иного материала с малой теплопроводностью. На поверхности уложенного бетона выполняют с помощью 3D-принтера рельефный архитектурный декор с использованием обычного или цветного бетона. При сборке малоэтажного здания готовые стены ставят в вертикальное положение и угловые стыки армируют. Для этого связывают сваркой вертикальные арматурные стержни с концами сеток. Далее закрывают стык стен угловой опалубкой и полость в угловом стыке заполняют бетоном.

The article discusses the manufacturing technology for building the walls of low-rise buildings with architectural décor using 3D construction printer. Each wall of the building is made in a lying position on a site covered with anti-adhesive material. Initially, a permanent concrete formwork is built on site along the perimeter of the wall with a 3D printer. Then window and door frames, electrical, and plumbing embedded elements are positioned. Lay the lower and upper layers of concrete include a reinforcing mesh, and the intermediate layer is made of foam concrete or other material with lower thermal conductivity. The surface of the wall module can be covered with a décor printed using ordinary or colored concrete. When assembling a low-rise building, the finished walls are placed in a vertical position and the corner joints are reinforced. For this, vertical reinforcing bars are connected by welding to the ends of the meshes. Next, the wall joint is closed with corner formwork and the cavity in the corner joint is filled with concrete.
THE USE OF EXTERNAL PHYSICAL INFLUENCE TO REGULATE THE FORMATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF STEEL INGOTS
Authors: Ахтаев С. С-С. , Нурадинов А. С. , Нахаев М. Р. , Уздиева Н. С.
Published: October 2021

В настоящей работе исследовано влияние температурных и силовых параметров внешнего воздействия на кристаллизацию и структурообразование слитков из модельных и реальных сплавов. Показано, что скоростью зарождения и роста кристаллов, а также размерами структурных зон в слитках можно управлять, изменяя температурный градиент, возникающий в жидкой фазе перед границей затвердевания. Управлять градиентом температур по сечению затвердевающего расплава можно, регулируя интенсивность теплоотвода, а также дифференцируя теплоотвод по периметру формирующегося слитка. Установлено, что от соотношения градиента температуры к скорости кристаллизации - G/R зависит формирование той или иной структурной зоны слитков. Наглядно доказана эффективность влияния вибрации на формирование структуры исследуемых слитков. Определен механизм воздействия вибрации на процессы кристаллизации и формирования структур слитков, который заключается в проявлении следующих эффектов: в разрушении и дроблении дендритов, растущих на фронте кристаллизации, под действием знакопеременных изгибающих давлений упругой волны; в зарождении кристаллов в объеме кристаллизующегося расплава вследствие кавитации; в разрушении дендритов в расплаве и на фронте кристаллизации под действием давлений, возникающих в результате схлопывания кавитационных каверн.

In this paper, the influence of temperature and force parameters of external influence on the crystallization and structure formation of ingots from model and real alloys is investigated. It is shown that the rate of crystal nucleation and growth, as well as the size of the structural zones in the ingots, can be controlled by changing the temperature gradient that occurs in the liquid phase before the solidification boundary. You can control the temperature gradient along the cross-section of the solidifying melt by adjusting the intensity of the heat sink, as well as differentiating the heat sink along the perimeter of the forming ingot. It is established that the ratio of the temperature gradient to the crystallization rate - G/R depends on the formation of a particular structural zone of ingots. The effectiveness of the influence of vibration on the formation of the structure of the ingots under study is clearly proved. The mechanism of vibration influence on the processes of crystallization and formation of ingot structures is determined, which consists in the manifestation of the following effects: in the destruction and crushing of dendrites growing at the crystallization front under the action of alternating bending pressures of an elastic wave; in the nucleation of crystals in the volume of the crystallizing melt due to cavitation; in the destruction of dendrites in the melt and at the crystallization front under the action of pressures resulting from the collapse of cavitation cavities.