bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MANIPULASI MEDIA TERHADAP KANDUNGAN ALKALOID VINKRISTINA KALUS DAUN Catharanthus roseus(L.) G.Don
Authors: Manuhara Y. Sri Wulan
Published: August 2021

The effect of the manipulation of the media on the vincristine alkaloid content in the callus of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don were studied. This work was done as an effort for gaining the vincristine alkaloid through tissue culture which was expected to obtain a larger amount of the alkaloid. Tissue culture of C. roseus was initiated from leaf explants on growth medium (MS supplemented with 1 mg per l 2,4-D and 1 mg per l BAP). after seven weeks incubation, with only subculturing on the same medium, the proliferating calli were subculture on a production medium (MS supplemented with 1mg per l IAA and 1 mg per l BAP) which were containing different additional concentration of sucrose, BAP, tryptophan, and concentration of 50 percent basic medium of MS from the standard. Eleven weeks-old calli were harvested from each treatment and dried for chemical analysed by thin layer chromatography on silica gel GF 254 using chloroform-aceton-triethylamine as mobile phase. Rf value and uv spectra were used to identify vincristine, and concentration of vincristine alkaloid was determine by preparative thin layer chromatography with methanol solvent and measured by uv-vis spectrophotometer at 233 nm. The maximum content of vincristine alkaloid was obtained from callus, which was grown on the MS standard with an addition of 40 g per l sucrose or 4 mg per l BAP or and also 50 percent of the MS standard medium. Tryptophan addition a precursor could not induce the alkaloid vincristine forming.
Two-Stage TURP as an Option for Treatment of Large Prostates in Resource Poor Environments
Authors: Mbaeri Timothy U. , Odo Chinonso , Nwadi Uchenna V. , Eze Balantine U.
Published: August 2021

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the gold standard of surgical therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) for prostates <100 ml. This study was carried out to describe our experience with and outcome of staged TURP for large prostates (>100 ml). A review of the records of all the patients who underwent staged TURP for large BPH at a specialist urology center. They had two-stage monopolar resection using a size 26F continuous flow resectoscope and 5% Dextrose water irrigation. Staged-TURP were performed by a single Consultant Urologist under spinal anesthesia. Patients’ age, Co-morbidities, Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA), Abdominal Ultrasound scan (USS) estimated prostate volume, Pre-operative Packed Cell Volume (Pre-op PCV), Post-operative Packed Cell Volume (Post-op PCV), Resection Weight for 1st stage (RW I), Resection Weight for 2nd stage (RW II), Resection Time for 1st stage (RT I), Resection Time for 2nd stage (RT II), blood transfusion were obtained and analyzed. Follow up was for a minimum of 9 months and the outcome and development of complications noted. Statistical analysis was done using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 (IBM, Chicago, USA). Means and percentages were calculated, and paired sample T test was used to compare variables between 1st stage and 2nd stage. P value < 0.05 was considered significant. Twenty-five patients with a mean age of 72.32±7.98 years were analyzed. Most (88%) were on indwelling Foley’s urethral catheter before surgery. The mean PSA and prostate volume were 25.61±22.08 ng/ml and 221.56±62.78 cm3. There were significant differences between Pre-op PCV and Post-op PCV (p<0.001); RWI and RWII (p<0.001); and RTI and RTII (p<0.001). Nineteen patients (76%) received perioperative transfusion. Most patients voided satisfactorily following catheter removal except one who developed acute urinary retention (AUR). No cases of TUR syndrome, post-operative sepsis, DVT or PE and urethral stricture were recorded. Staged TURP is safe and effective treatment modality for patients with large prostates in the absence of more recent endoscopic options.
Informed Consent in Surgical Practice in Port Harcourt: How Informed are the Patients?
Authors: Wichendu Promise N. , Ijah Rex Friday Ogoronte A. , Aaron Friday E. , Dimoko Alexander A. , Dayi Joy O. , Eleke Ebimie M.
Published: August 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to ascertain the opinion of patients on counselling of the surgical patient in tertiary healthcare facilities in Port Harcourt in the months of May and June 2020.

Background: Counseling of the surgical patient is a dynamic process and its scope which is individualized should arm the patient with information on the purpose and nature of the disease and treatment, etc.

Materials and Methods: Four hundred and twenty respondents were recruited for this cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in the wards and specialist surgical out-patient clinics of Teaching Hospitals in Port Harcourt, Nigeria between the months of May and June 2020 using semi-structured questionnaires. Data obtained was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.

Results: Two hundred and twenty-five (53.6%) respondents asserted that they had counselling sessions for the surgical operation, 108 (25.7%) respondents opined that they did not have counselling session, while 87 (20.7%) were not sure if they had or not. Forty-five (10.7%) respondents asserted that the surgeons carried out the counselling. Only, 227 (54.0%) of the respondents affirmed that they were satisfied with the counselling sessions, while 104 (24.8%) respondents asserted that there was no counselling session at all.

Conclusion: The opinion of patients on the counselling service experience is not entirely satisfactory. There is need for closer attention to be paid to issues of counselling of the surgical patient in order to ensure the full benefits of the services rendered.
Soft Tissue Facial Profile Changes Associated with Incisors Retraction
Authors: Al-Shakhs Ayman Salman , Hashim Hayder Abdallah
Published: August 2021

Background: The general tendency of facial soft tissue response toward incisors retraction could be expected in various malocclusions. However, different initial malocclusion no doubt leads to differences in this response.

Material and method: This retrospective study consisted of thirty-seven pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalographs belongs to adolescent female with mean age of 15.03 years. The twenty-four landmarks (skeletal, dental, soft tissue) were located and horizontal and vertical reference planes were used. Sixteen linear and six angular measurements were evaluated statistically. The pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were superimposed on best fit cribriform plate of the ethmoid to analyze soft tissue facial profile changes after orthodontic treatment.

Results: The three methods of error indicated that measurements were valid and reliable. The Labrale superius retraction exhibited the best predictability among upper lip components (Sn, Ss), whereas the lower lip showed better predictability and correlation than the upper lip. The upper and the lower lips revealed relatively similar mean retraction value (2.92 mm) and (2.6 mm) although the upper incisors retracted more (5.25 mm) than the lower incisors (2.86 mm).

Conclusion: The upper incisors to Labrale superius ratio (1.99:1, UIP:Ls) exhibited the highest correlation (r=0.55**) among the other established ratios. The lower incisors to Labrale inferius ratio was (1.13:1, LIP: Is) with significant correlation (r=0.44**), whereas no significant correlation was observed with Labrale superius (r=0.27).
Tinnitus: Our Current Understanding
Authors: Dubey Kamlesh Kumar
Published: August 2021

Tinnitus is still very much a mystery with despite all the advances in science. Many theories and hypothesis proposed to explain the origin but still it is poorly understood. Still most common acceptation associated with tinnitus is that it is a type of phantom phenomenon. This article aimed to review tinnitus and our current understanding on definition, types, probable pathophysiological mechanisms, associated trigger factors and current available treatment options.
Characteristics and Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19 in Resident Physicians at a Mexico City Teaching Hospital
Authors: Azcorra-Lopez Jessica G. , Reyna-Figueroa Jesus , Luna-Rivera Eva M. , Cabañas-Espinosa Berenice , Esquivel-Torruco Yamile N. , Bejarano-Juvera Arely A. , Bustamante-Flores Aditi K. , Aguilar-Martinez Naomi , Lopez-Herrera Daniel , Arce-Salinas Cesar A.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals have been busy controlling their spread among healthcare workers, including resident doctors. We seek to characterize and know the transmission dynamics of the SARS-COV-2 infection in the personnel of our hospital.

Methodology: 204 resident physicians were followed up, in three parts: Part 1. Training, Part 2. follow-up through the WhatsApp application, Part 3. case-control study; looking for risk factors.

The statistical analysis was carried out using measures of central tendency and dispersion, comparison of proportions and rates. As well as the calculation of the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval; p <0.05 was considered significant.

Results: 66 resident physicians were included, 31.8% had a positive result. The mean age was 28.9. The most frequent clinical manifestation was myalgia (66.6%), followed by headache (47%). When comparing with symptomatic resident physicians, with a negative test, there was a significant difference in arthralgia (p = 0.01) and dyspnea (0.05).

Noncompliance with training (OR 7.0; 95% CI 2.2-26 and p = 0.000) was significant as a risk factor for infection.

Conclusions: Resident physicians must be mostly supervised during infection prevention and containment training.
Clinical Correlations of Posttraumatic Nightmares in Survivors of Motor Vehicle Accidents
Authors: Cernovsky Zack Z. , Velamoor Varadaraj R. , Mann Stephan C. , Litman Larry C.
Published: August 2021

Background: We evaluated the severity and clinical correlates of nightmares of persons injured in high impact motor vehicle accidents (MVAs).

Method: De-identified data of 80 post-MVA patients (mean age 38.9 years, SD=12.8) were available and included scores on Item 2 of the PCL-5 (severity of repeated, disturbing dreams of the stressful event). Scores were also available on the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Morin’s Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Rivermead Post-concussion Symptoms Questionnaire, Subjective Neuropsychological Symptoms Scale (SNPSS), Whiplash Disability Questionnaire, and on three questionnaire measures of driving anxiety (Steiner’s, Whetstone’s, and DAQ). The patients were assessed, on the average, 49.7 weeks (SD=36.3) after their MVA; all still experienced active post-MVA symptoms requiring therapy.

Results: Clinically relevant levels of MVA nightmares were reported by 62.5% of post-MVA patients. Subjectively more aversive levels of MVA nightmares correlated with higher driving anxiety as measured by the Whetstone questionnaire and DAQ, with higher levels of average post-accident pain and insomnia, with post-accident neuropsychological symptoms as measured by the Rivermead and SNPSS, and with higher post-accident levels of depression, anger, and generalized anxiety.

Discussion and Conclusions: Almost two-thirds of our post-MVA patients reported MVA nightmares and their level of subjectively aversive impact correlated with most variables within the typical polytraumatic symptom pattern of these patients.
Management of Post-traumatic Peripheral Arterial Pseudoaneurysm in Antananarivo
Authors: Randimbinirina Zakarimanana Lucas , Rajaobelison Tsirimalala , Ratsimarisolo Nathan , Rakotorahalahy Ravaka Ny Aina Louiset , Randrianandrianina Harijaona Fanomezantsoa , Ahmad Ahmad , Ravalisoa Marie Lydia Agnès , Rakotoarisoa Andriamihaja Jean Claude
Published: August 2021

Background: Pseudoaneurysm is the usual complication of arterial injury. The aim of this study is to describe the etiology and the management of post-traumatic peripheral arterial pseudoaneurysm in Antananarivo.
Methods: This is a bicentric retrospective study for 10 years period (January 2010 to December 2019), performed in Cardiovascular Unit in Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Teaching Hospital and in Vascular Unit in Soavinandriana Hospital Center, including all patient who underwent a surgical procedure of post-traumatic peripheral arterial pseudoaneurysm.
Results: 38 patients were recorded in 10 years period, which 26 patients recorded in JRA hospital and 12 patients in Soavinandriana Hospital. Patients were 33 males (86.84%) and 5 females (13.15%). Gunshots wounds (47.36%) and stabs wounds (34.21%) were the commonest circumstances of etiology. Pulsatile mass (84.21%), pain (60.52%) and palpable thrill (71.05%) were the usual of peripheral pseudoaneurysm. Doppler ultrasound (94.73%) and computed tomographic angiography (13.15%) performed the diagnosis of the pseudoaneurysm. Femoral artery (39.47%) and brachial artery (31.57%) were the most involved vessels. All patients underwent an open surgery. Surgical procedures were arterial repair in 26 patients (68.42%), reversed saphenous vein interposition in 5 patients (13.15%), PTFE graft in 2 patients (5.26%) and ligation excision in 5 patients (13.15%). There was no reoperation or mortality in early postoperative period.
Conclusion: Trauma is the most common etiology of pseudoaneurysm in Antananarivo. Open surgical repair remains the procedure to treat the post-traumatic peripheral arterial pseudoaneurysm in our experience.
A Case Series on Suspected Remdesivir Induced Hyperammonemia
Authors: Bhimani Sagar R. , Gupta Sapna B. , Patel Kamlesh P. , Malhotra Supriya D.
Published: August 2021

Remdesivir is a broad spectrum anti-viral drug that has shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-2. In absence of any effective treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), Remdesivir has been tried for a compassionate use in severe COVID-19. Remdesivir has shown promise in the management of patients with COVID-19 although recent studies have shown concerns with its effectiveness and safety in practice. Despite this there is a need to document potential Adverse drug Reaction (ADR) to guide future decisions. We describe 2 cases of Suspected Remdesivir-induced hyperammonemia (SRIH) in patients with normal liver function. Serum ammonia levels was raised much above the baseline after a fortnight of therapy. After completion of the therapy, there was gradual improvement and normalization of serum ammonia levels. This suggested a causal relationship which was possibly due to the administration of Remdesivir drug. With the increasing use, physicians should be aware of this potential ADR of Remdesivir and evaluate ammonia levels in patients taking Remdesivir who present with alterations in mental status.
Microbiological and Organoleptic Quality Characteristics of Laboratory Produced Date Fruit-based Kunun-zaki
Authors: Egbere J. O. , Odu C. E. , Onyimba I. A. , Ngene A. C. , Yusuf A. E. , Ogaji A. O. , Dashen M. M. , Hemen W. N. , Entonu E. E.
Published: August 2021

In the quest to produce an acceptable local beverage that could serve as an alternative variety to kunun-zaki for many millions of Nigerians who take the cereal-based beverage as their most preferred and affordable drink a study was undertaken to assess the microbial and sensory quality attributes of laboratory-produced Date fruit-based kunun-zaki. Different blends of dry date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) formulated as follows; F1 (100:0), F2 (70:30), F3 (50:50), and F4 (30:70%) of date fruits/sorghum were soaked overnight in water, drained and were wet-milled with ginger and cloves using an equal volume of sterile water, F5 (0:100) was market (Control) sample. The microbial succession study included the identification of organisms at various critical stages of the production of the beverage. The results of the study showed the mean pH, and TTA (%) values for the respective formulated Kunun-dabino product were F1 (4.87 and 0.3870), F2 (4.66 and 0.4508), F3 (4.29 and 0.4600), F4 (4.04 and 0.4690), F5/Control (4.32 and 0.4589) respectively. The mean Total bacterial, coliform and fungal loads of the four experimental products were 2.58 x 104, NIL, and 3.56 x 103 CFU/ml respectively which fall within W.H.O’s recommended standards for ready-to-eat foods. Species of Bacillus, Enterobacter, Shigella, Lactobacillus, Aspergillus, Penicillium Mucur, and Candida were present at the initial production stage while Bacillus and Lactobacillus species persisted right through to the final stage of production. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that while F1 was the least liked, F3 was significantly preferred over the other samples (P < 0.05). The study has shown that ‘Kunun dabino’ produced under the laboratory conditions in this study provides a new brand of beverage that is both microbiologically safe and organoleptically more acceptable to taste panelists.
A Study on Attracting Local And International Investments and Improving an Integrated Logistics System Allows Local Products to Reach Global Markets
Authors: Al-Makhmari Abdulaziz Khalid Mohammed , Al Yaqoopi Hind Huwaishal , Slimi Zouhaier
Published: August 2021

This paper studies how local non-oil Omani products could reach global markets by attracting local and international investors and improving the integrated logistics system in Oman. Therefore, the scope of this research is investment agencies in Oman, which are the Ministry of Commerce, Industry, and Investment Promotion and the Public Authority for Investment Promotion and Export Development. This study targets the leading logistics companies in Oman, such as Asyad Group. The study used an online survey and direct interview targeting specialists and experts in investment agencies and logistics companies. The results of the research showed that challenges are facing attracting local and international investors in local industries. Those challenges are the lengthy, complicated and costly procedures to obtain permits and licenses for investors, weak promotion of investment opportunities and local products at the international level, weakness of the local market, cumbersome regulations of the government, and so on. All these challenges constitute an obstacle to attracting investments. Findings also vindicate that weaknesses in logistical performance represented by the complex export and import procedures, complications in customs clearance operations, and the weak performance of land, sea, and air transport, which constitutes a barrier to exporting local products to global markets. The primary limitations that the researchers faced in conducting this research. First, there were many complications in collecting information through interviews. Some companies refused to conduct interviews due to preventive measures for the spread of the Coronavirus, which may affect the results.
Comparative Study of Synthesis, Structural and Antioxidant Activity In Vitro of Some New Carboxylic α,α-diaminodiesters Derivatives
Authors: Karai Oumaima , Hajib Sara , Fall Serigne Abdou Khadir , Boukhssas Salaheddine , Dioukhane Khadim , Aouine Younas , Labriti Brahim , Faraj Hassane , Alami Anouar
Published: August 2021

Considering the richness of heterocyclic chemistry, and the diversity of applications it possesses, in the present work we were interested in preparing new polyfunctional α,α-diaminodiesters derived from glycine, via the N-alkylation reaction of methyl 2-azido-2-benzamidoacetate with a series of heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic carboxylic aminoesters, using different bases. The structures of the synthesized molecules were characterized by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS-ESI) and elemental analysis. Two compounds from this series were isolated as single crystals and their chemical structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. The antioxidant effect of the synthesized compounds was tested in vitro using the free radical scavenging power (DPPH) and reducing power (FRAP) tests. The results show that the different extracts tested have a relatively high antioxidant power compared to the positive control considered, especially for the compound methyl 2-benzamido-2-(2-methoxy-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl)amino)acetate, which showed a very strong antiradical power and reducing power.
Electronic Portfolios in Higher Education: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Lu Hwangji
Published: August 2021

Electronic Portfolios have become a popular pedagogical approach on the tertiary educational landscape worldwide. In the United States, Association of American Colleges and Universities added this powerful pedagogical practice to its set of high-impact practices in 2016. High-impact practices have the potential to generate transformative learning experiences and lead to significant impacts on students’ academic achievements. Higher education has a responsibility to provide students with the means to support their professional learning and development as a continuous and lifelong process. Countless research studies have identified a number of benefits from utilizing ePortfolios in learning that are grounded in a variety of learning theories. As ePortfolios are gaining momentum as a preferred way to demonstrate students’ learning and competencies, it is crucial for educators to fully understand the advantages of ePortfolios and guide students to produce quality and competitive ePortfolios.
Attitude, Self-Concept, Study Habits, and Anxiety Towards Mathematics Among Pre-Service Teachers
Authors: Gillo Mariano D.
Published: August 2021

This study assessed the attitude, self-concept, study habits, and anxiety towards mathematics of among the pre-service teachers. Using the descriptive survey method, 67 senior Bachelor in Secondary Education students major in mathematics studying at the Eastern Visayas State University (EVSU) served as the respondents. Data were obtained through an adopted instrument that measure these variables. Findings of the study revealed that most of the student-respondents had a moderately favorable attitude towards mathematics, moderate level of self-concept, very satisfactory level of study habits and moderate level of mathematics anxiety. An intervention program to address these concerns was designed and recommended for use by the mathematics teachers.
Development of Basic Education Literacy Profile of Children Who Are Not Going to School in District Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Authors: Asif Tahseen , Rafiq Nazia , Iqbal Muhammad , Ali Anwar , Haider Muhammad Asif , Nisa Zaib U , Raza Hasnain
Published: August 2021

Education is the basic tool to eradicating poverty. Almost half of the population of Pakistan is illiterate and many children who are school aged are not attending the school. Rural areas of Pakistan are considered educationally deprived areas, where particularly girls are not sent to school. Pakistan expends around 2% of GDP on education that shows the low priority is given to education that is lowest among all developing countries. Even these insufficient resources are not utilized proficiently, due to it the learning standard and learning outcome of the students are below average. The study aimed to find out the causes of educational deprivation among out of school children. This study and data show that about Pakistan’s school going population and importance about those children who are not going to school. Quantitative research method was used as methodology. The intended study was descriptive survey in nature. School Heads of Primary and Middle Schools of three tehsils (Rawalpindi, Kahuta, and Murree) were the population of the study and 345 were sampled through multistage sampling technique. Questionnaire used as tool for data collection. The quantitative data analysed through central tendency and standard deviation. The beneficiaries of the study were the students, parents. Educational planners and policy makers, school heads and society. The overall study indicated poor academic performance at early stages of schooling, poverty, teachers’ personality, and training, child labour and school management.
Fundamentals of Hermeneutics as A Qualitative Research Theoretical Framework
Authors: Gillo Mariano D.
Published: August 2021

This article is written to inspire researchers to use hermeneutics as a qualitative research theoretical framework. Given the extensive scope inherent to this subject matter, it was decided to delimit the discussion to the fundamental information one may seek to know about hermeneutics. Though introductory in nature, it is still hoped that the readers may be able to gain meaningful insights which may serve as a catalyst for understanding this topic. The article has four phases. Phase one traces its historical dimension and presents its varied definitions. Phase two is focused on the four philosophical orientations. Phase three enumerates its contributors and their respective contributions. Phase four elaborates the steps researchers need to undertake when using this framework. This article may be of interest to all academics especially the neophytes who are interested in utilizing hermeneutics either as a method or methodology of a philosophical cum scientific endeavor being undertaken.
Determinants of Learning Management System Adoption in an Era of COVID-19: Evidence from a Ghanaian University
Authors: Dampson Dandy George
Published: August 2021

The integration of technology in higher education has reached a new dimension following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Institutions of higher learning such as the University of Education, Winneba have been compelled to expand its technological infrastructure for pedagogical purposes. It however appears that there is a dearth of knowledge regarding the students’ adoption of the University of Education, Winneba’s (UEW) Learning Management Systems (LMS) in an era of COVID-19. This study, therefore, assessed the determinants of e-learning adoption in an era of COVID-19 from the perspective of students in UEW. The explanatory sequential design was employed. The study randomly sampled 3272 students for quantitative data whilst 20 students were purposively sampled for the qualitative data. The quantitative data were analysed through Means and Standard Deviations as well as Stepwise Regression. The qualitative data were content analysed. The study found that the level of adoption of the LMS among UEW students was moderate. The study further established that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and attitude towards the LMS were significant predictors of students' adoption of the LMS. Nonetheless, age, faculty and level of ICT skills mediated the level of adoption of LMS. The study recommends that the Management of UEW LMS continue to conduct pragmatic and purposeful seminars and workshops to educate students about the adoption and benefits they stand to gain in using the LMS for their academic activities. Again, management needs to consider the age, faculty and level of ICT skills of the students in the implementation of subsequent online platforms for students.
Oil Sorption Performance of Sorbent Materials Examined Under Static and Dynamic Conditions
Authors: Anwana Emmanuel E. , Ewemoje Oluseyi E.
Published: August 2021

Oil spill cleanup and subsequent restoration of the environment is majorly a function of spill cleanup methods applied. Some of these methods, though efficient, are, however, very expensive and require more personnel for their application and relative deployment in the field. The study was aimed at examining the efficiency of a locally and readily available, eco-friendly and low cost agricultural waste (coconut husk coir) as sorbent materials for spilled engine oil cleanup under static and dynamic marine water conditions. The sorbent material was prepared and used in three forms: raw coconut husk coir (CHC), modified coconut husk coir (MCHC), and reused coconut husk coir (RCHC). Under static and dynamic marine water conditions, oil sorption batch equilibrium experiments were used to study the engine oil sorption capacity and efficiency of the sorbent. Effects of sorbent dosage and sorption times on the oil sorption and efficiency of CHC, MCHC, and RCHC were studied and determined. At a constant sorption time of 60 minutes and varying sorbent dosages of 2-8 /320 ml of engine oil-marine water concentration, MCHC exhibited the highest oil sorption efficiency of 61.18% and 44.33% for dynamic and static conditions, CHC had 55.61% and 38.50% for dynamic and static conditions, whereas RCHC had 41.66% and 26.04% for dynamic and static conditions, respectively. It is statistically deduced from the results that sorption times and sorbent dosages have significant effects on the sorption efficiency of experimental coir for spilled engine oil removal. Though there is a need for proper blending or modifications of the sorbent material to enhance its affinity to oil and hydrophobicity, there are enough potentials in the materials for mild marine water current spilled engine oil cleanup.
Analysis of 5 Floors Brick Masonry Building Type 77/5
Authors: Koka Petraq , Vesho Nikolla , Shehu Fabion
Published: August 2021

The study below presents the main results of numerical analyzes, performed to assess the seismic response of an existing building, with brick masonry, type 77/5. This building is part of the group of 4-5 residential buildings, built in the years 1975-1990, considered as a “TYPE”, each of which was used many times for identical buildings.

This project is the result of a collective work of the Design Institute, approved by the Ministry of Construction of that time, and of course, manifests the time limitations and shortcomings.

While these 5-story buildings cover a significant percentage of residential buildings, the fundamental question is: “Are these buildings safe under seismic action, while so many families are accommodated on them?”

This question stems from the following limitation:

- The 77/5 plan derives from regular forms, based on the recommendations of Eurocode 8 [4.2.3.2], p.48, and KTP.N.2-89 (Technical Design Conditions), published by the Academy of Sciences of Albania.

- The technical literature provides recommendations and restrictions for masonry buildings with a height of not more than 3 floors. When they exceed this height, they are not included in these recommendations.
Utilization of Renewable Energy: A Study on the Utilization of Solar Energy for Power Plants at the Campus of Universitas Samudra, Indonesia
Authors: Umar Hamdani , Amudy Munira , Rizal T. Azuar
Published: August 2021

The availability of solar energy is higher than global energy consumption, affordable by many users, simple to use, and relatively more environmentally friendly. Complexes of higher education institutions in Indonesia, in general, consist of many buildings with large roofs and stretches of unused land, which are suitable for solar power installations. This study analyzes the feasibility of constructing a solar power plant at an educational institution facility, with a specific case study on the Universitas Samudra campus. The analysis results have shown that for the supply of electricity with a total power of 10 MW, PV panels are superior to parabolic collectors. The cost of producing electricity using PV panels is 6.60 ¢/kWh, while the parabolic collector costs 26.42 ¢/kWh. And the total area required for the installation of PV.
The Role of Chia Seeds Oil in Human Health: A Critical Review
Authors: Mburu Monica
Published: August 2021

Chia, Salvia hispanica L., is emerging as an important functional food ingredient because of its rich contents of dietary fiber, omega‐3 fatty acids and an indicative source of bioactive peptides owing to its high concentration of proteins and essential amino acids. The use of food with nutraceutical and functional properties for management of lifestyle diseases like diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular problems is now gaining momentum among the public. Current research findings reveal high nutritive value for chia seeds and their oils validating their massive health-promoting properties. Currently chia is consumed as seeds and oil with similar effects. The oil is rich in in polyunsaturated fatty acid, α-linoleic acid, the biological precursor to docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. It has been scientifically established that chia is an immune improver and has therapeutic effects on control of diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-blood clotting, laxative, antidepressant, antianxiety, analgesic and vision. This article provides a review of the role of chia seeds oil in human health. The Phytochemical characteristics of chia oil is presented and the effect of their consumption on human health is discussed.
Exploring Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Eggs in Rajshahi
Authors: Haque Md Hakimul , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Miah Md. Lovelu , Ahmed Soshe , Sazib Md. Rabiul Islam , Khaton Rashida , Kabir Aurangazeb , Uddin Md. Nasir
Published: August 2021

Chicken eggs are a major component of people’s diets, with an average yearly consumption of approximately 103 eggs per person in Bangladesh. Eggs act as an important carrier of food-borne pathogen worldwide. The study was conducted to identify the prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of E. coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus spp., in eggs isolated from farms and different markets of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. A total of 60 eggs were collected randomly between April to December 2019. The isolation and identification of bacterial pathogen was done in accordance with standard procedures. The bacterial isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing against seven commonly used antibiotics using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. An overall prevalence of E. coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus spp. were found to be 35.0%, 28.33%, and 23.33%, respectively. E. coli were found highly resistant to penicillin (100%), tetracycline (80.95%), ampicillin (100%), and erythromycin (85.71%) and were sensitive to amoxicillin (71.42%), ciprofloxacin (85.71%), and gentamicin (95.23%). Salmonella spp. was highly resistant to penicillin (100%), erythromycin (82.35%) and tetracycline (82.35%), and was sensitive to gentamicin (94.11%), amoxicillin (76.47%) and ciprofloxacin (70.58%). Staphylococcus spp. was resistant to penicillin (100%), erythromycin (78.57%), tetracycline (85.71%), amoxicillin (100%), and ampicillin (100%) but sensitive to ciprofloxacin (85.71%), and gentamicin (92.85%). The higher prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria can easily enter the food chain, which poses a public health threat.
Solving Two Problems IN Number Theory
Authors: Khusid Mykhaylo
Published: August 2021

In 1995, Olivier Ramaret proved that any even number is the sum of no more than 6 primes. From the validity of Goldbach's ternary hypothesis (proved in 2013 year) it follows that any even number is the sum of not more than 4 numbers [1]. In the article, the author confirms the above and proves that the cause and effect of this is any even number the sum of not more than two prime and twin primes are infinite [8]-[14].
Binomial Coefficients and Triangular Numbers
Authors: Kuhapatanakul Kantaphon , Shannon Antony G.
Published: August 2021

We produce formulas of sums the product of the binomial coefficients and triangular numbers. And we apply our formula to prove an identity of Wang and Zhang. Further, we provide an analogue of our identity for the alternating sums.
Topic Modelling on Pharmaceutical Incident Data
Authors: Dileep Deepu , Rudraraju Soumya , HaraGopal V. V.
Published: August 2021

Focus of the current study is to explore and analyse textual data in the form of incidents in pharmaceutical industry using topic modelling. Topic modelling applied in the current study is based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation. The proposed model is applied on a corpus containing 190 incidents to retrieve key words with highest probability of occurrence. It is used to form informative topics related to incidents.
COVID-19: Anatomy of a Pandemic
Authors: Naji Hassan
Published: August 2021

SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has more than 82% genome similarity with SARS-CoV and more than 89% similarity with two bat coronaviruses, bat-SL-CoVZXC21 and bat-SL-CoVZC45. The virus went and caused the most recent pandemic in human history with fatality totaling more than 3 million deaths, and cases rising up to 176 million worldwide according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In this paper, a retrospective analysis of the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 around the world are presented.
Association between Bone Mineral Density and Hypertension in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Muraduzzaman S. M. , Begum S. , Ali S. , Sultana S. , Saiedullah M. , Alam F.
Published: August 2021

Background: Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a common disorder in the elderly and found to be most prevalent in postmenopausal women which are thought to be associated with several factors including hypertension, however, results are inconsistent in different studies.

Aim of the study: This study aimed to explore the association between BMD and hypertension in postmenopausal women.

Methods and materials: In this study, total 76 postmenopausal women were included. BMD was determined at the lumbar spine and femoral neck by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Anthropometric data and status of hypertension and diabetes were collected according to a pre-structured questioner.

Results: Age (mean±SD) of the postmenopausal women was 57±9 years. Among them, 46 (60.5%) subjects were hypertensive and 30 (39.5%) were normotensive. Bone mineral density (g/cm2) in normotensive women and in hypertensive women were 0.79±0.15 vs 0.74±0.15 (p=0.160) at lumbar spine; 0.70±0.12 vs 0.69±0.13 (p=0.271) at right femoral neck and 0.73±0.15 vs 0.71±0.13 (p=0.592), respectively. T-scores at lumbar spine, right and left femoral neck in normotensive and hypertensive postmenopausal women were -2.28±1.37 vs -2.75±1.35 (p=0.153), -1.70±1.16 vs -1.95±1.07 (p=0.363) and -1.82±0.95 vs -1.93±1.01 (p=0.632) respectively. On multiple regression analysis, BMD and T-score only at lumbar spine showed inverse association with hypertension (β=-0.069, p=0.045; β=-0.612, p=0.050) on adjusting confounding variables.

Conclusion: Hypertension is independently associated with BMD and T-score measured from the lumbar spine but not with BMD and T-score measured from the femoral neck in postmenopausal women.
Investigation of the Possibility to Use Ge p-i-n Photodiodes in Infrared SPR Sensors
Authors: Fedorenko Artem , Dorozinsky Glib , Dorozinska Hanna , Kachur Natalia , Maslov Volodymyr
Published: August 2021

Considered in this work are the possibility and advantages of applying a Ge photodiode to measure the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in the near infrared range (IR). The investigations were performed using the prototype of IR SPR refractometer that operates with two fixed wavelengths (1310 and 1552 nm) for excitation of surface plasmons in a thin gold film in the Kretschmann optical scheme. The obtained results of experiments enabled us to draw the conclusion that application of the Ge photodiode in the SPR sensor at the wavelength 1.5 µm allows increasing the sensitivity and response magnitude as well as widening the dynamic range of this sensor device.
An Ethical Appraisal of Higher Education: Assessing Teacher-Student Friendship and Autonomy of Students in the Classroom
Authors: Sachdev Kumar Neeraj , Gupta Chetna
Published: August 2021

We present in the paper an ethical appraisal of higher education focusing majorly on relevance and requirements of practicing democratic principles in higher education. We assess in this endeavor two ethical issues, namely teacher-student friendship, and autonomy of students in the classroom and argue for ethical infeasibility of teacher-student friendship and need for protection of autonomy of students. In connection with the latter, we argue for ethical restrictions on a teacher’s advocacy of views because advocacy of views may unjustifiably lead to maintaining one’s own position to elicit students’ agreement in a topic of academic study in humanities and social sciences.
Emotion as the Foundation of Creativity
Authors: Suzic Nenad
Published: August 2021

The starting point for this study was the hypothesis that creativity is connected with emotions. The author applied CogAT, a widely known instrument for measuring creativity, calibrated it on the observed sample, and obtained a high level of internal consistency, as measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α = 0,83). In addition, he drafted his own instrument called CREM, measuring creativity and emotions. It was also calibrated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and obtained satisfactory coefficients (α = 0,50 for tasks in a mathematics textbook, α = 0,83 for positive emotions and α = 0,78 for negative emotions). Crossing variables showed that creativity is in fact driven by emotions, but more by negative than positive ones. The stability of the correlation was tested measuring the effect size. It turned out that the correlation increased over time (r = –0,41 to r = –0,88). This is indeed logical – the longer we carry a problem, the more frustration will grow over not finding a solution. What remains is to explore whether a creative solution elicits positive emotions.
A Research on Satisfaction during Friday Religious Services, Practices Associated with Health and Social Relationships, in Anadolchioi Mosque
Authors: Memet Feiza
Published: August 2021

This paper evaluates the indoor temperature and thermal sensation inside the naturally ventilated small-medium size, historical Anadolchioi Mosque, built in Constanta, in 1870, for the Muslim minority living in Constanta. Are considered Friday prayers (Dhuhr). The methodology used for this assessment is related to the outdoor and indoor temperatures measurements, each Friday, in July, between 10 AM and 4 PM, due to the fact that in Constanta, Friday prayers (in July) starts between 1.20 PM and 1.23 PM (depending on the sun position). The measurements will indicate that, although indoor temperature is slightly higher than the outdoor one, the average indoor temperature, for the considered period, is in the recommended thermal comfort temperature range, according to ASHRAE 2010. Also, the measured indoor air temperatures and predicted temperature for comfortable indoors- given by Humphreys formula, have been compared, in order to have an idea if the building is able to provide pleasant indoor temperatures. On the other hand, the methodology is focusing on ASHRAE seven point scale, when assessing the thermal sensation. In this respect, a survey regarding the thermal sensation of the occupants indicated that a low percent (5.55%) felt uncomfortable during the religious services. The majority of occupants (77.77%) felt comfortable and do not need a cooler environment. The results are in concordance with the participants’ age profiles: older persons preferring higher indoor temperatures.
The effects of water immersion on venous return
Authors: Alberto Alberto , Bissacco Daniele , Oberto Sara , Bergamo Giorgio , Kontothanassis Dimitrios , Mosti Giovanni
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The common belief about the beneficial effects of water immersion on leg veins function is mostly based on empirical experiences. We have performed a series of tests to evaluate the real effects of the increase of interstitial pressure generated by water immersion on the leg veins morphology, venous return and veno-lymphatic drainage. Methods: The immediate effects of water hydrostatic pressure (wHP) on vein morphology and venous flow were evaluated by underwater duplex sonography (DS) during immersion. The immediate effects of HP on calf volume and ejection fraction (EF) were evaluated by underwater strain gauge pletysmography (SGP). The effects of prolonged immersion on leg volume and on subcutaneous tissues were evaluated by both water displacement volumetry (WDV) and DS. Results: The caliper of normal and varicose veins were immediately and significantly reduced by immersion (p.004 and p 0.012 for the femoral and great saphenous veins, respectively). Simultaneously, the spontaneous centripetal flow increased. In varicose legs, the reflux was reduced or even disappeared. SGP demonstrated an immediate reduction of the calf circumference and the simultaneous increase of the EF (+68.9%). Finally, a marked reduction in ankle circumference (-2.89%), subcutaneous tissue thickness (-24.35%) and leg volume (-4,2%) was demonstrated after 30’ of standing into the water. Walking into the pool for the same time resulted in an even more significant reduction of all these three parameters (-5.98%; -32.66% and -6.50%, respectively). Discussion: our results suggest that the wHP-related reduction of vein caliber is responsible for the immediate increase of the centripetal flow, the immediate reduction of the calf volume and of the reduced reflux, when present. The great reduction of the leg volume after prolonged static immersion seems to be due to the positive effects of wHP on the balance between interstitial fluid filtration and lymphatic reabsorption. A mutual enhancement between the effects of HP on interstitial fluids dynamics and those of muscle activity on EF, may explain the greater reduction of the leg volume, ankle circumference and epifascial thickness after underwater walking compared to those after static immersion. Conclusions: The possible clinical and rehabilitative implications of these findings in the treatment and rehabilitation of leg venous disorders are finally outlined.
Concepts and types of funding of political parties
Authors: Dzhugan V.V.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the doctrinal approaches to the definition of "financing of political parties", its relationship with such related concepts as "financial activities of the party", "financial support of political parties", "financing of political activities". While in the legislation of Ukraine there is no definition of the concept of "financing of political parties", in the scientific literature various interpretations of this concept are offered. Some approaches do not take into account the fact that the provision of funds to parties must take place in accordance with the requirements of current legislation, which establishes the procedure, limits and amounts of funding for political parties. Another disadvantage of these definitions is that they do not reflect the role of public authorities in relation to both the financing itself and in relation to the implementation of state control over the financing of political parties. Other definitions do not reflect the role of political parties themselves in their funding.

The synthesis of the obtained results allowed to offer an improved concept of "financing of political parties" as carried out in the manner and within the statutory activities of political parties, public authorities, individuals and legal entities, aimed at providing political parties with financial and other resources subject to financial evaluation. and what political parties need to achieve their goals and objectives.

It is necessary to distinguish between the financing of the current (statutory) activities of political parties and the financing of their participation in elections. At the same time, the study and comparison of political party funding through the prism of analysis of sources of such funding is more productive and allows a broader and more comprehensive consideration of the peculiarities of political party funding in individual countries through analysis of their legislation. Therefore, it is necessary to support the validity of the position on the division of funding of political parties into types depending on the source of funds (property): self-financing (entrance and membership fees, income from party property, income from illicit economic activities), private (private donations) and public funding of political parties