bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
URGENSI KOMUNITAS, BUDAYA LOKAL DAN KETAHANAN PANGAN DALAM GERAKAN URBAN FARMING DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sinaga Gabe Arif Ditama , Kurniawan Yani , Kusumawati Ayuni
Published: March 2023

Urban farming merupakan kegiatan bercocok tanam yang dilakukan guna melengkapi kebutuhan pangan di perkotaan. Hal ini semakin populer dengan adanya krisis pandemi COVID-19 yang tidak terduga. Aktivitas urban farming telah eksis sejak sebelum adanya pandemi, salah satunya di Kota Malang. Namun penelitian terdahulu masih ditemukan kendala eksternal seperti minimnya intervensi pemerintah, dan internal seperti kurangnya antusiasme dan pola pikir masyarakat yang konsumtif. Penelitian terbaru ini menelusuri faktor pendorong keberhasilan urban farming dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan dan dikaitkan dengan perspektif masyarakat terkait implementasi urban farming semasa pandemi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan studi reflektif kepada 30 informan melalui purposive sampling. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara di Kecamatan Lowokwaru, Kecamatan Sukun, dan Kecamatan Blimbing, ditemukan kondisi urban farming, antusiasme masyarakat dan intervensi pemerintah semakin meningkat saat pandemi. Masyarakat yang menjalankan urban farming didominasi usia produktif, tergantung pada waktu luang, dan ada atau tidaknya pekerjaan terikat yang dimiliki. Artikel ini juga mengkorelasikan wujud masyarakat komunal dan unsur budaya lokal dalam aktivitas urban farming, sesuatu yang jarang dijangkau dalam kajian akademis. Faktor keberhasilan internal dan eksternal urban farming dapat menjadi acuan dalam implementasi ke depannya. Praktek urban farming semakin optimal jika diimplementasikan pada skala komunitas dan dikaitkan dengan aspek budaya lokal. Studi ini mengungkap praktik baru urban farming melalui pengenalan konsep urban farming berbasis komunitas yang mampu mendukung ketahanan pangan wilayah perkotaan dengan tetap mempertimbangkan eksistensi budaya yang ada pada masing-masing daerah.
Buruknya Layanan dalam Kerangka Otonomi Khusus: Apakah Papua Masih Memiliki Kesempatan untuk Berkembang?
Authors: Salmon Indra Pratama Putra , Irawan Agung Budi , Lestari Asih Widi , Nurany Fierda , Rahmat Ihsan
Published: March 2023

Pembangunan daerah di Provinsi Papua dalam kerangka otonomi khusus belum memiliki capaian signifikan meskipun telah berjalan selama dua puluh tahun. Kajian ini bertujuan merumuskan solusi atas belum otimalnya capaian pembangunan layanan dasar (pendidikan dan kesehatan) di Provinsi Papua dalam kerangka otonomi khusus. Metode yang digunakan berupa metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan naratif melalui studi kepustakaan. Data dan literatur dikumpulkan dari beberapa kajian bereputasi dengan topik kata kunci “otonomi khusus”, “layanan dasar”, dan “Provinsi Papua”. Analisa dilakukan dengan teknik triangulasi data dan literatur hasil penelitian untuk kemudian peneliti menarik sintesis dari setiap garis besar fokus kajian secara sistematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingginya dana otonomi khusus telah berkorelasi dengan peningkatan capaian pembangunan seperti IPM dan peningkatan lauanan dasar (pendidikan dan kesehatan), namun signifikansinya sangat rendah. Pada Undang-Undang Otonomi Khusus terbaru, Provinsi Papua berkesempatan besar dalam berkontestasi secara nasional mengingat adanya peningkatan alokasi anggaran otonomi khusus guna mengakselerasi pola pembangunan. Sebagai alternative rekomendasi, kajian ini menawarkan alternative solusi berupa perbaikan pemahaman esensi otonomi khusus yang bukan hanya dari perspektif fiscal, perbaikan model mekanisme transfer dan pengawasan, intensifikasi dan optimalisasi koordinasi pemerintah dengan pemerintah daerah dalam kerangka pembangunan pos-pos strategis pembangunan, dan meninjau ulang terkait dasar petunjuk pelaksanaan dan petunjuk teknis sebagai pedoman. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah perlunya perbaikan pada aspek-aspek strategis dalam pengembangan layanan dasar di Papua melalui mekanisme solusi yang ditawarkan/direkomendasikan.
TATA KELOLA LOKAL DAN COVID-19: PERLINDUNGAN KESEHATAN DAN EKONOMI DI DESA PUJON KIDUL
Authors: Izana Nyimas Nadya , Susanti Anik , Afala La Ode Machdani
Published: March 2023

Ledakan pandemi Covid-19 telah melahirkan respon beragam di banyak negara. Banyak studi hanya fokus pada respon pemerintah di level nasional dan global dalam menghadapi pandemi, sedangkan penanganan di level lokal sangat jarang dilirik. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana tata kelola di level lokal Desa Pujon Kidul dalam merespon pandemi Covid-19. Desa Pujon Kidul yang terletak di Kabupaten Malang merupakan salah satu desa wisata yang sukses mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa. Desa wisata merupakan salah satu yang paling terdampak dengan adanya pandemi Covid-19. Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Temuan kami menjelaskan bahwa institusi lokal seperti desa memainkan peran penting dalam tata kelola penanganan pandemi. Tujuannya adalah untuk membangun perlidungan kesehatan dan ekonomi desa dengan menekan lalu penyebaran Covid-19. Setidaknya terdapat tiga aspek penting yang menjelaskan peran tata kelola desa dalam pengelolaan pandemi, yaitu; mobilisasi sumber daya, koordinasi lintas sektoral, dan perlindungan sosial-ekonomi. Hal tersebut menjelaskan sikap pemerintah desa yang sigap dan responsif terhadap pandemi. Tata kelola pandemi di level lokal ini menunjukkan penanganan pandemi lebih efektif. Selain itu, tata kelola Desa Pujon Kidul ini merepresentasikan model tata kelola yang adaptif (adaptive governance). Artikel ini secara signifikan berkontribusi dalam memperluas studi governance terutama di masa krisis seperti pandemi Covid-19.
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR PEMBENTUK LITERASI EKONOMI PADA MASYARAKAT NELAYAN DESA PULAU LEMUKUTAN
Authors: Okiana Okiana , Thoharudin Munawar , Suryadi Tedi
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini didasari oleh berbagai hasil penelitian terdahulu yang relevan bahwa literasi ekonomi yang umumnya diperoleh dari proses pembelajaran formal memberikan peran positif terhadap perilaku ekonomi seseorang. Adapun dasar empiris adalah hasil riset peneliti pada tahun sebelumnya yang menyatakan bahwa tingkat literasi masyarakat Desa Pulau Lemukutan berada pada kategori sedang (stuff literacy). Fenomena pada masyarakat nelayan di Desa Pulau Lemukutan umumnya hanya memiliki tingkat pendidikan dasar dan menengah dengan pekerjaan utama sebagai nelayan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor pembentuk literasi ekonomi masyarakat nelayan di Desa Pulau Lemukutan. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa komunikasi langsung dan alat pengumpul data berupa pedoman wawancara. Responden penelitian dipilih menggunakan sampel jenuh. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan yakni reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diidentifikasi bahwa faktor pembentuk literasi masyarat di Desa Pulau Lemukutan yakni: 1) faktor pendidikan; 2) faktor sosial ekonomi; 3) faktor budaya dan 4) faktor perkembangan sosial
Touristification and the Changing of Spaces for Tourism in Canggu Village
Authors: Adhinata Bayu , Sawitri Made Yaya
Published: March 2023

This article discusses the transformation of Canggu Village from a fishing and farmer village into an urban-characterized area with main economic activities based on tourism. The entry of capitalist investors and the government's designation of a tourism area provide more significant opportunities for this change. This study looks at how the transformation of space for the benefit of tourism causes changes in social conditions in public spaces in Canggu Village. This study used a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with several informants, such as the head of the Canggu Village, the owner of tourism accommodations, and the Canggu farmers. This study indicates that the village of Canggu has experienced touristification marked by the establishment of accommodations built by investors supported by the local government by establishing this village as a tourism area to increase local revenue. The spaces that have changed by supporting tourism activities have ultimately changed the socio-economic order of the community from non-industrial activities to tourism-based economic activities. The new tourism climate in Canggu Village then co-opted the local community, marked by the emergence of accommodation built by the local community, such as villas, homestays, and guesthouses, as part of the changing perspective of the local community towards economic changes in Canggu Village.
GENERASI MUDA, KAPITAL DIGITAL DAN KESENJANGAN SOSIAL DI ERA KONTEMPORER
Authors: Sutopo Oki Rahadianto , Ahmad Nyarwi , Putri Rani Dwi
Published: March 2023

Penganut rezim neo-developmentalis pada umumnya berpandangan bahwa seiring dengan perkembangan revolusi industri 4.0, teknologi digital dan kepemilikan kapital digital dapat membawa kemakmuran dan menawarkan masa depan yang lebih baik, khususnya bagi generasi muda. Sebaliknya, kami berpendapat bahwa pandangan rezim neo-developmentalis tersebut adalah tidak realistis dan merupakan sebuah optimisme yang berlebihan. Melalui artikel ini, kami menyuguhkan pembacaan dan analisa kritis terhadap cara pandang yang selama ini dianut oleh rezim neo-developmentalis tersebut dengan berbasis pada data survei nasional yang berasal dari responden yang terpilih metode multistage random sampling di 34 provinsi di Indonesia yang dikumpulkan pada bulan April 2021 dan data wawancara mendalam yang bersumber dari delapan informan sebagai representasi generasi muda. Dengan menggunakan sintesa perspektif generasi sosial ala Woodman and Wyn dan Bourdieusian serta kapital digital dari Ragnedda and Ruiu, temuan kami menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas generasi muda masih dihadapkan pada adanya ketidakmerataan distribusi kapital digital, sosial, budaya maupun ekonomi terutama pada masa transisi menuju dunia kerja. Di sisi lain, generasi muda dipaksa mengikuti generational doxa berbasis teknologi digital jika ingin survive dalam ranah kerja tersebut. Ketidakmampuan dalam beradaptasi diantara kaum muda cenderung dinilai oleh generasi muda akan memunculkan kesenjangan sosial baru. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa optimisme yang berlebihan terhadap teknologi digital merupakan klaim yang terlalu berlebihan dan terlalu bersimpati pada perspektif generationalism. Pandangan optimisme semacam ini cenderung mereduksi kompleksitas pengalaman generasi muda di Indonesia.
Solidaritas Sosial Komunitas Masyarakat Nelayan Pulau Liukang Loe di Desa Bira
Authors: Sumitro Sumitro , Oruh Shermina , Kamaruddin Syamsu Andi , Agustang Andi
Published: March 2023

Manusia tidak bisa hidup tanpa manusia lainnya dalam memenuhi kebutuhannya, Tentunya dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidup perlu adanya kesadaran kolektif dalam masyarakat. Kesadaran kolektif dapat terlihat pada nilai solidaritas sosial yang tercermin pada sikap saling percaya, saling menghormati dan perasaan bersatu diantara anggota masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis solidaritas sosial pada komunitas masyarakat nelayan pulau  liukang loe desa bira kabupaten Bulukumba. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dengan maksud untuk memberikan gambaran tentang solidaritas sosial pada komunitas masyarakat nelayan pulau liukang loe desa bira kabupaten Bulukumba. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi; observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan Teknik analisis data yang digunakan meliputi; pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk solidaritas sosial meliputi; adanya kerjasama, gotong royong dan kepedulian sosial. Dengan demikian solidaritas yang terjadi pada komunitas masyarakat nelayan pulau liukang loe desa bira merupakan solidaritas mekanik yang ditandai dengan belum ada sistem pembagian kerja yang ketat, memiliki kesadaran kolektif, sikap dan perilaku lebih diutamakan, serta berorientasi pada kepentingan bersama.
Balinese Social Investment in Death: Social Construction Perspective on Grave Conflict in Bali
Authors: Subanda I Nyoman , Sri Rahayu Gorda AAA Ngurah , Dewi Sucitawathi P I.G.A.AG
Published: March 2023

This study aims to raise the phenomenon of traditional village conflicts based on conflicts over graves. Graves become meaningful for the Balinese people. Balinese people have to be buried in the traditional village of the community because it is recorded as the village manner where they are and wherever they migrate. This study uses a qualitative method that took place in Gianyar Regency. This research produces several significant results. First, the social investment model of the Balinese community in its existence as an indigenous community consists of two forms: the investment model for village institutions, in this case, the  Pakraman or traditional village, and the investment model. Second, death has a profound meaning for the Balinese people, not only seen as the loss of one of the families in this world but also interpreted as the emergence of a new obligation in the form of an ancestral obligation that must be paid when someone dies. The person concerned is considered an ancestor, and when someone dies, he/she is considered an ancestor. Thus the obligation of the ancestors (Pitra Rna) shall be carried out by the relatives left behind. Third, in the context of Balinese society, graves are not only seen as a place to bury corpses but are also interpreted as a religious cosmic related to a series of ceremonies at one of the temples, which in the context of Balinese society is called Kayangan Tiga. This research finds new investment concepts and conflict-based social constructions that differ from the concepts of investment and social construction issued by Peter Berger.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Socio-Economic Conditions of Farmers and Alternatives for Their Recovery in Deli Serdang District
Authors: Nainggolan Hotden Leonardo , Ginting Albina , Trina Susana Tabah , Tampubolon Yanto Raya , Supriana Tavi
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused various negative impacts on people, both those living in urban areas and farmers in rural areas. This study aims to determine the socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on farmers and to find alternative approaches to recovering the socio-economic conditions of farmers in the District of Deli Serdang, North Sumatra Province. The research was conducted from June to November 2021 in the District of Deli Serdang. The data used in this research are primary and secondary data, which were analyzed by descriptive methods with qualitative and quantitative approaches to determine the pandemic's impact on social and economic conditions. Statistical tests were carried out to compare the socio-economic conditions of farmers before and during the pandemic with the t-test. Based on the study's findings, it was determined that the COVID-19 pandemic had negatively impacted farmers' socio-economic conditions, which are demonstrated by a decline in their frequency of social interactions, frequency of community visits, family income, and level of savings during the pandemic. Moreover, the recovery of the social-economic conditions of farmers during the COVID-19 pandemic has been achieved through farmer empowerment activities, market development, and institutional and capital sources aspects. Based on the research results, there are three recommendations. Restoration of the socio-economic conditions of farmers will be optimal if carried out collaboratively between the government, the private sector, and the farmers themselves. The government must optimize the empowerment of farmers through training, counseling, and innovation in farming technology. Private institutions are expected to participate in socialization and counseling about optimal farming development during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Role of Kerobokan Customary Village in Utilizing Land for Investment in Tourism Area Based on Local Wisdom
Authors: Ngurah Anom I Gusti , Julianti Lis , Vina Widiadnya Putri I Gusti Ayu
Published: March 2023

This research aims explicitly to explain the authority and role of the traditional village in utilizing customary village land for investment activities for tourism areas based on local wisdom in the Kerobokan Customary Village. This study used an empirical research type, with the research subjects of the Bendesa Adat and the village Prajuru. The data collection techniques used in this study were observation, a document study, in-depth interviews, purposively selected informants, namely each of the Indigenous Prajuru in the Kerobokan Customary Village, and Focus Group Discussion. The finding showed that the Kerobokan Customary Village has a role in the use of land for investment in tourism areas. The use of customary land for tourism investment activities was carried out with a lease agreement under the supervision of the Bendesa Adat. The finding showed that the involvement of the Customary Village in maintaining the balance of Tri Hita Karana values implementing tourism investment was not optimal, which can be seen from the effect of this activity in the form of environmental pollution within the tourism area, the shifting values of the local wisdom to be more commercialism, liberalism, and individualism.
KEMISKINAN DAN PERUBAHAN SOSIAL: SEBUAH MODEL TRANSFORMASI PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ruja I Nyoman
Published: March 2023

Terbatasnya lapangan pekerjaan di kota Malang menyebabkan banyak penduduk yang menganggur dan berada dalam kemiskinan. Tuntutan kebutuhan hidup di era modern seperti sekarang ini semakin membuat masyarakat miskin tidak mampu memenuhi kebutuhan dasarnya. Salah satu upaya pemerintah Kota Malang untuk mengentaskan kemiskinan adalah melalui program “Desaku Menanti”. Program ini merupakan program pemberian bantuan tempat tinggal dan modal usaha bagi fakir miskin, gelandangan, serta pengemis. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi perlakuan tata kelola untuk mengurangi kemiskinan dengan memberdayakan masyarakat. Ditemukan bahwa model penanggulangan kemiskinan melalui program “Desaku Menanti” mampu mengentaskan kemiskinan di Kota Malang dan membuat masyarakat miskin mampu beradaptasi dengan lingkungan. Perubahan sosial yang dialami oleh masyarakat yang tinggal di Desaku Menanti, yang paling terlihat adalah perubahan struktur sosial, Adanya program ini ternyata mengubah kehidupan masyarakat menjadi lebih baik.
Borders in Early Medieval Britain: Introducing the Special Issue
Authors: Guy Ben
Published: March 2023

The contents of this special issue comprise the proceedings of a conference held over Zoom on the weekend of 11–12 July 2020. The event was originally planned to take place in Cambridge, but, as the unforeseeable events of 2020 began to unfold, it was soon realised that it would be necessary either to cancel the event or move it into digital space. The latter path was taken, making this conference part of the first wave of academic Zoom events that we have subsequently become so accustomed to. It was a steep learning curve, but hopefully a valuable learning experience for all concerned!
Donation and Conquest: The Formation of Lothian and the Origins of the Anglo-Scottish Border
Authors: McGuigan Neil
Published: March 2023

Various ‘donation’ accounts of the twelfth century attempted to explain Scottish rule of ‘Lothian’ as the outcome of grants from English rulers to Scottish kings. Until relatively recently historians of both Scotland and England tended to accept these accounts. However, ‘Lothian’ was a politically sensitive topic in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, and the value of these accounts for an earlier period is low. There is a variety of evidence of better value, and although the guidance of strictly contemporary sources is very poor prior to the later eleventh century, continuous Scottish rule south of the Forth cannot be traced prior to the reign of Máel Coluim III (r. 1058–1093), and in the case of some areas David his son (r. 1113/24–1153). It is suggested that the emergence of ‘Lothian’ as a jurisdiction is a response to the political changes of that era, an important development in its own right but also a critical intermediate development for the emergence of the familiar Anglo-Scottish border.
Bige Habban: An Introduction to Money, Trade and Cross-Border Traffic
Authors: Naismith Rory
Published: March 2023

This short survey examines issues in early medieval cross-border trade, particularly with reference to England, but also drawing comparisons with mainland Europe and other regions of Britain. Three themes are considered: tolls charged on traders and travellers; the vulnerability of traders and the importance of building trust and familiarity; and the practical challenges of moving between different means of exchange.
King Æthelstan and Cornwall
Authors: Padel Oliver
Published: March 2023

During the three centuries from about AD 700 to 1000, Cornwall became a border area through the anglicisation and absorption into Wessex of its neighbour Devon, then ceased to be one when it was itself fully absorbed into the newly-formed kingdom of England. The particular focus here is on the reign of Æthelstan (924–939). Four events relating to Cornwall are considered in detail, including William of Malmesbury’s twelfth-century account of Æthelstan’s treatment of the Cornish. His statement that Æthelstan ‘expelled the Cornish from Exeter’, if accepted, refers not to native Devonians but to economic migrants from Cornwall itself.
Place-names and Offa’s Dyke: The Limits of Inference
Authors: Parsons David
Published: March 2023

This chapter examines English and Welsh place-names along the line of Offa’s Dyke. It is divided into three sections, each concentrating on a separate area and each given a rather different focus. First, names either side of the dyke passing through the hundred of Clun in south-west Shropshire are examined to show the nature of the evidence and some of its complexity, as well — it is hoped — as some of its interest. The second section reconsiders some specific arguments about the dating of English names lying to the west of the dyke in modern Radnorshire and Montgomeryshire. Finally the third section, in rather speculative vein, attempts to co-ordinate a ‘reading’ of the place-name evidence in Oswestry hundred, north-west Shropshire, with the different lines indicated by Offa’s Dyke, Wat’s Dyke and various types of historical evidence. It is suggested, on one hand, that a cultural boundary visible in the later medieval period may have roots deep in the Anglo-Saxon period, but also that this line was probably always only one element in a complex skein of boundaries that made up the Anglo-Welsh frontier.
The Organisation of the Mid–Late Anglo-Saxon Borderland with Wales
Authors: Ray Keith
Published: March 2023

With hardly any written documentation concerning the creation of Offa’s Dyke or for the contemporary communities that it affected, the intricacies of how the Mercian-Welsh frontier was organised during the late eighth and early ninth century and afterwards can seem entirely unknowable. This article addresses the question of the likely variable character of the long and undoubtedly complex frontier in reference to some location-specific existing archaeological evidence and close study of the form of the Dyke and other contemporary features in the landscape. One of the key elements of this attempt at detection of early frontier organisation therefore involves looking at the potential role of the inherited Roman road network especially where it runs parallel with the Dyke. Two examples based upon archaeological excavations in Herefordshire are noted here as providing clues as to the diversity of frontier structuring. The first example is the uncovering of a mid–late Anglo-Saxon fortified enclosure at Breinton just to the west of Hereford in 2018 that has at last added some substance to the possibility of the past existence of sophisticated military infrastructure including fortresses close to the Mercian/Welsh frontier. A key factor in the organisation of the pre-Norman frontier at least from the English side could have been the location of ‘quasi-military personnel’ close to the Dyke and to the inherited routeway system. Certain entries in the county-based Domesday surveys of Circuit V for the border counties are briefly re-examined here to consider the implications of the spatial distribution of a single category of specialised freemen. This highlights the importance of Leintwardine and the Roman road south from Shrewsbury as a key location: a possibility underlined by discoveries made during an excavation in the 1990s.
Shifting Border, Shifting Interpretation: what the Anglo-Norman Castle of Dodleston in Cheshire might be trying to tell us about the eleventh-century northern Anglo-Welsh Border
Authors: Swallow Rachel
Published: March 2023

This chapter follows on from research and publication by this author on the form and placing of Anglo-Norman castles situated within the northern Anglo-Welsh medieval borderland, recently interpreted and newly termed the Irish Sea Cultural Zone (Swallow 2016). This interpretation argues for the Anglo-Normans’ reuse of pre-existing monuments dating from the prehistoric and Romano-British periods for the deliberate placing of their castle builds. Dodleston Castle was situated within the fluctuating borders of this frontier borderlands zone, and, it is argued, played a significant role in the continuity of strategic and commercial movement along the entirety of the Anglo-Welsh border and the Irish Sea Region. Within this context, and taking a cross-period and interdisciplinary research approach to re-examine the earthworks and landscape of Dodleston Castle in more detail than hitherto, the earthworks at Dodleston may reveal a meeting point of significance over millennia. It will be demonstrated, for instance, that Dodleston’s earthworks likely represent an Anglo-Saxon assembly site situated at the meeting points of important medieval administrative boundaries within the Irish Sea Cultural Zone. By considering the wider spatial significance of Dodleston beyond the temporal confines of the Anglo-Norman period, it is therefore possible to understand better, and reinterpret, the form of the castle earthworks as they exist in the landscape today.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Memecahkan Masalah Pada Pembelajaran Ekonomi Peserta Didik Kelas XI Lintas Minat Ekonomi di SMA Negeri 16 Makassar
Authors: Rismayanti Rismayanti , Rahmatullah Rahmatullah , Inanna Inanna , Rakib Muhammad , Hasan Muhammad
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of the Problem Based Learning model on the ability to solve problems in economic learning for class XI students across interests in SMA Negeri 16 Makassar. The research method used was a quasi-experimental design with Nonequivalent (Pretest and Posttest) Control Group Design. Data collection methods are through tests (pretest and posttest), observation, and documentation. The number of samples in this study were 72 students, where in the experimental class there were 37 students and 35 students in the control class. Data analysis used in the form of N-Gain experimental class and control class. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the Problem Based Learning model variable (independent variable) has an effect on the problem-solving ability variable (the dependent variable). This is evidenced by the comparison of the experimental class mean value of 0.71 (high) and the control class N-Gain average value of 0.53 (moderate).
PENGARUH BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) DAN 2,4-D (Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) PADA MIKROPROPAGASI TEBU (Saccharum officinarum L.) MELALUI METODE THIN CELL LAYER
Authors: Hidayah Velia Nurul , Dewanti Parawita
Published: March 2023

Tanaman tebu adalah tanaman perkebunan yang banyak di budidayakan di Indonesia. Perbanyakan melalui kultur jaringan memiliki beberapa metode, salah satunya yakni metode Thin Cell Layer (TCL), metode TCL adalah perbanyakan yang menggunakan ekpslan berukuran kecil 1-2mm yang diambil dari potongan organ tanaman seperti pada bagian batang, daun, bunga, kotiledon, akar dan embrio. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Labroratorium Kultur Jaringan CDAST Universitas Jember dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan dua faktor yaitu konsentrasi BAP (0 ppm dan 0,5 ppm) dan konsentrasi 2,4-D (3 ppm dan 3,5 ppm). Terdapat 4 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan sehingga terdapat 12 satuan percobaan. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya akan di analisis dengan menggunakan Analiyis Of Variance (ANOVA). Apabila terdapat perbedaan dari tiap-tiap perlakuan maka akan dilanjutkan dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat pengaruh dari tiap perlakuan. Hasil yang terbaik dalam mikropropagasi tebu melalui metode Thin Cell Layer yakni pada perlakuan A1B2 (0 ppm BAP dan 3,5 ppm 2,4-D) dengan rerata waktu pembentukan kalus selama 7 hari dan rerata presentase pembentukan kalus 97%.
GIBERELIN (GA3) MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN KECAMBAH PADI VARIETAS PULU MANDOTI EMAS TERHADAP CEKAMAN SALINITAS
Authors: Meriem Selis , Armita Devi , Ridha Ariati A. , Masriany Masriany
Published: March 2023

Perluasan lahan yang terdampak salinitas saat ini menghambat ekstensifikasi budidaya pertanian khususnya padi sebagai makanan pokok Indonesia. Untuk mencegah dampak kerusakan akibat cekaman salinitas, penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh giberelin (GA3) terhadap karakter morfologi kecambah padi (Oryza sativa L.) varietas lokal Pulu Mandoti Emas (PME). Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga taraf perlakuan yaitu giberelin (0, 8, 16, dan 24 ppm), lama perendaman (12 dan 24 jam), dan NaCl (0, 1000 ppm, dan 2000 ppm). Perkecambahan dilakukan menggunakan metode UKDD (Uji Kertas Digulung Didirikan). Pengamatan karakter morfologi diukur pada 14 HST. Hasil uji menunjukkan adanya pengaruh tunggal faktor GA3 dan NaCl yang signifikan. Perlakuan dengan pemberian 8 ppm GA3 meningkatkan panjang akar dan daun. 16 ppm GA3 tunggal meningkatkan berat tajuk dan berat total. 24 ppm GA3 menunjukkan berat akar dan rasio A/T tertinggi. Cekaman NaCl hanya menurunkan panjang daun kecambah. Akan tetapi panjang akar, berat tajuk, rasio A/T dan berat total tertinggi ditunjukkan pada perlakuan salinitas. Faktor perlakuan menunjukkan adanya interaksi yang nyata terhadap parameter pengamatan. Penambahan GA3 dalam kondisi cekaman NaCl pada berbagai konsentrasi membuktikan adanya peningkatan pertumbuhan panjang akar, panjang daun, berat akar, berat tajuk, rasio A/T, dan berat total yang lebih baik. Penambahan GA3 sangat penting diaplikasikan sebagai regulator pertumbuhan kecambah padi dalam kondisi cekaman salin.
KETERTARIKAN LALAT BUAH (Batrocera sp) TERHADAP WARNA PERANGKAP PADA PERTANAMAN SEMANGKA
Authors: Haerul Haerul , Herwati Andi
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the interest of watermelon oriental fruit flies in several trap colors. The study used a randomized block design (RAK), which consisted of 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment applied is the use of traps with different colors, namely; traps without color (clear), green, yellow, blue and red. Observations were made on oriental fruit fly populations in two phases of watermelon development, namely the vegetative growth phase (age 15 DAP to 30 DAP) and the generative growth phase (31 DAP to 60 DAP). This study showed that the use of color traps had no significant effect between treatments, but the results showed that in the watermelon vegetative growth phase, the use of red traps attracted more oriental fruit flies, i.e. an average of 65.3 tails compared to traps without color (clear), green yellow and blue. While in the watermelon generative growth phase, the use of green traps attracted more oriental fruit flies, i.e., an average of 95 tails compared to traps without colors (clear), yellow, blue and red.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica juncea L) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR ECO ENZIM
Authors: Novianto Novianto , Bahri Samsul
Published: March 2023

Tanaman sawi memiliki prospek yang baik untuk dikembangkan dan dibudidayakan, karena memiliki nilai jual yang ekonomis.  Tanaman sawi dapat tumbuh, baik didataran tinggi maupun didataran rendah.  Salah satu teknik budidaya upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi tanaman sawi yaitu dengan teknis penggunaan pupuk organik cair (POC).  Pupuk organik cair eco enzim dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan produksi tanaman sawi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan unsur hara tanaman tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan dosis yang tepat melalui pengaplikasian pupuk organik cair eco enzim terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok non factorial. Dosis pengaplikasian POC EE terdiri dari 6 taraf perlakukan yaitu E1 = 1 ml/L air, E2 = 1,5 ml/L air, E3 = 2 ml/L air, E4 = 2,5 ml/L air, E5 = 3 ml/L air dan E6 = 3,5 ml/L air. Analisis data menggunakan model matematis Analisis Sidik Ragam dan dilakukan uji lanjut menggunakan Uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5% dan 1%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian POC EE dengan dosis 1,5 ml/L air  memberi pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap parameter berat tajuk segar dan berat brangkasan basah pada tanaman sawi.
PENGARUH JENIS PUPUK ORGANIK DAN PENJARANGAN BAKAL BUAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL MELON
Authors: Nursyamsi Ari , Nasrudin Nasrudin , Nurhidayah Siti
Published: March 2023

Utilization of organic matter as a plant nutrition can be used to increase the growth and yield of melon cultivation. Fruit thinning treatment can be used to improving fruit quality. This study aims to examine the effect of various organic fertilizers and fruit thinning on the growth and yield of melons. The study was conducted in Screen house Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya from March to June 2021. The study used a factorial completely randomized design. First factor is type organic fertilizer consist of solid chicken manure, vegetable waste liquid fertilizer, and cow urine. Second factor is fruit thinning consist of 1 and 2 remaining ovules. Based on the research results, the interaction of vegetable waste with the remaining 1 ovule resulted in the highest number of leaves compared to other interactions. Chicken manure and vegetable waste with 1 and vegetable waste with 2 ovules produced the greenest leaves compared to other interactions. The application of organic fertilizer had no significant effect on plant biomass, root length, fruit diameter, fruit thickness, total dissolved solids, and productivity. Fruit thinning significantly affected to plant biomass, root length, fruit diameter, fruit thickness, fruit weight per plant, and productivity. 1 ovule was the best treatment compared to 2 ovules. Provision of vegetable waste with 1 and 2 ovules affects the growth and yield of melon plants. Fruit thinning by leaving 1 ovule effectively to growth and yield of melons.
ANALISIS VEGETASI GULMA PADA BERBAGAI TEGAKAN TANAMAN PERKEBUNAN
Authors: Widiyani Dimas Prakoswo , Usodri Kresna Shifa , Sari Sismita , Nurmayanti Sri
Published: March 2023

Tanaman perkebunan merupakan jenis tanaman idustri yang sangat berpotensi di Indonesia. Tidak optimalnya perkembangan serta produksi tanaman perkebunan dipengaruhi dari banyak hal seperti kondisi perubahan iklim , teknis budidaya serta keadaan teknologi yang kurang.  Dengan kondisi tanaman yang berbeda-beda serta tajuk tanaman yang berbeda maka akan membuat iklim mikro yang bervariatif. Iklim mikro selain mempengaruhi tanaman budidaya juga akan mempengaruhi lngkungan disekitar tanaman budidaya, salah satunya adalah keadaan sebaran gulma di kawasan tersebut.  Gulma merupakan tumbuhan yang tidak dikehendaki keberadaanya karena mengganggu pertumbuhan dan juga produksi tanaman budidaya. Kehadiran gulma pada pertanaman akan menimbulkan kompetisi yang sangat serius dalam mendapatkan air, hara, cahaya matahari dan tempat tumbuh, dampaknya hasil tanaman tidak mampu menunjukkan potensi yang sebenarnya.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di berbagai tegakan tanaman perkebunan di kebun percobaan Politeknik Negeri Lampung, pada bulan April sampai dengan Juni 2022.  Parameter yang diamati adalah unsur iklim mikro (suhu, kelembaban, cahaya dan curah hujan) sedangkan parameter gulma adalah menghitung nilai SDR dan Koefisien Komunitas.  Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan yang telah dilaksanakan diperoleh masing-masing penggunaan lahan memiliki dominansi gulma yang berbeda-beda, hal ini disebabkan karena adanya perbedaan vegetasi yang secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi vegetasi disekitarnya dalam hal ini gulma.
KERAGAMAN JAMUR TERBAWA BENIH PADA EMPAT VARIETAS BENIH PADI ASAL PRODUSEN BENIH PADI DI LAMPUNG
Authors: Nurdin Muhammad , Kusuma Arvi Yuniar , Ermawati Ermawati , Maryono Tri
Published: March 2023

Seed quality is the main factor to gain optimal yields. The presence of fungi in seeds can cause damage to seeds, decrease germination and seed vigor, and cause disease in plants. The aim of this study was to detection of fungi in four varieties of rice seeds from local seed producers in Lampung. The rice seeds of Ciherang, Ciliwung, Cilamaya Muncul, and Inpari 42 varieties were obtained from the Center for Seed Certification for Food Crops and Horticulture in Lampung Province. Fungal detection in rice seeds was carried out using three methods, namely the washing method, blotter test, and agar plate test. The results showed that on four varieties of rice seeds tested was found five genera of fungi, i.e. Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Curvularia, Rhizopus, and Aspergillus. In the washing method, Fusarium, Curvularia, and Aspergillus fungi were found. In the Blotter test method and the agar plate, Rhizoctonia, Curvularia, Rhizopus, and Aspergillus fungi were found. All of five fungi were found in Ciherang and Ciliwung seed. Rhizopus were not found in Inpari 42 seeds. Fusarium and Curvularia was not found in Cilamaya Muncul seeds. The Inpari 42 were the seeds with the highest number of fungi found and the lowest number of normal germinating seeds. The Cilamaya Muncul were the seeds with the least number of fungi found.
KERAGAMAN TANAMAN DAN SUMBANGAN PENERIMAAN TUMPANGSARI KOPI DAN LADA DI KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Prasmatiwi Fembriarti Erry , Evizal Rusdi , Nawansih Otik , Rosanti Novi , Qurniati Rommy , Sanjaya Purba
Published: March 2023

In Tanggamus, pepper trees are commonly intercropped in coffee plantations with coffee-pepper intercropping type (dominant coffee), coffee pepper type (dominant pepper), and agroforestry type. The intercropping system plays a role in improving agro-ecosystems, increasing farm productivity and income. This study aimed to study crops diversity, productivity and income of coffee-pepper intercropping farming. This study used a survey method. The survey locations were determined purposively in two sub-districts which were centers of coffee cultivation in Tanggamus, namely Ulu Belu and Air Naningan District. In the Ulu Belu District, the villages of Sinar Banten, Sinar Galih, Petai Kayu were selected purposively, and in the Air Naningan District were Datar Lebuay Village and Air Kubang Village. Primary data was collected by visiting plantations and interviewing farmers. Sample farmers were determined randomly with a total of 137 samples. The diversity of intercrops was analyzed by calculating the Benefit Index Value and Importance Value Index. The results showed that coffee plantations were generally intercropped (79-86%) with coffee and pepper. Based on the Importance Value Index, in Ulu Belu the most important intercrops were pepper, banana, avocado and cayenne pepper, while in Air Naningan they were pepper, jengkol, cayenne pepper and durian. The income of intercropping coffee farmers could reach IDR 24 million/hectare/year. This income was obtained from both the coffee-pepper intercropping or the coffee-non-pepper intercropping. The productivity of intercropping coffee ranged from 528-1,097 kg/hectare. The productivity of pepper intercrops ranged from 0.45-0.54 kg per tree and contributed 11-29% of coffee income.
KEMAMPUAN ISOLAT BAKTERI TERPILIH DALAM MENGHAMBAT TINGKAT SERANGAN Phytophthora sp. SECARA INPLANTA DAN PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN NANAS (Ananas comosus L.)
Authors: Ali Mufty , Dermiyati Dermiyati , Suharjo Radix , Dirmawati Suskandini Ratih
Published: March 2023

Kemampuan Isolat bakteri terpilih yang berasal dari ekstrak suspensi limbah agroindustri dalam menghambat tingkat serangan Phytophthora sp. secara inplanta dan pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman nanas (Ananas comosus L.) sangat penting untuk dipelajari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kemampuan isolat bakteri terpilih asal suspensi ekstrak rimpang nanas dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit dalam menghambat tingkat serangan Phytophthora sp. dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman nanas (Ananas comosus L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu dan Laboratorium Ilmu Tanah Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung dari bulan Agustus 2019 sampai dengan Februari 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan kombinasi isolat bakteri terpilih (berasal dari rimpang nanas dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit) dengan Phytophthora sp. Perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian isolat bakteri terpilih asal ekstrak rimpang nanas, tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan gabungan keduanya yang diaplikasikan Phytophthora sp. mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Phytophthora sp. pada tanaman nanas dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman nanas dibandingkan tanpa pemberian isolat bakteri yang diinokulasi Phytophthora sp.
Negotiating Sustainabilities
Authors: Hammer Alexandra
Published: March 2023

Organic agriculture aims at enabling sustainable food economies. But agricultural temporalities and practices do not necessarily align with demands and schedules posed by packers, processors, or retailers – a detachment that complicates the actors’ pursuits of sustainability. This paper builds on participant observation during nine workshops with actors along the German organic food supply chain. Viewing these events through an ethnographic lens reveals the complex web of agricultural, political, and economic constraints that needs to be navigated from farm to supermarket. Situated at the intersection of more-than-human anthropology and anthropology of time, this article asks how actors involved in the production, distribution, and marketing of organic foods negotiate and (re)imagine sustainability. What obstacles do they see, and whose agencies and fates do they consider within their negotiations? How do these narrations and practices point to possible reconfigurations of sustainability? The analysis sheds light on sustainability’s emergent nature and its relations to prevailing (global) power imbalances and wealth gaps. Looking at the organic food supply chain through the lens of time frames and rhythms allows for a conceptualization of sustainability as a situated endeavor, variable across time and space and deeply dependent on nonhuman agencies and specific situational contexts. Following globalized connections further demonstrates how sustainability must include disadvantaged and exploited people within and across national borders.
Transforming Foodways
Authors: Jungell-Michelsson Jessica , Autio Minna
Published: March 2023

Food companies are central actors in driving sustainability transformations at the interface of production and consumption. Still, only limited attention has been directed to how sustainability-related meanings are being created within various food industry organizations. In this article, we explore the characteristics of the sustainability sensemaking and -giving processes among food companies and analyze how these processes influence sustainability-related transformations of current foodways. Our analysis is based on qualitative data (transcripts and notes) from interviews with managers from 15 Finnish food companies. By using organizational sensemaking literature, we shed light on the companies’ cultural talk and social meaning creations of sustainability. Our findings indicate that food companies’ sustainability sensemaking is an intra- and inter-organizational, social process occurring between the individual and organizational spheres of the organizations. Food companies act as sensegivers, as they actively communicate with stakeholders to achieve the position of a knowledgeable sustainability forerunner. Sustainability has been normalized in the talk and action of food companies, but the discursive space offered by them is limited to weak sustainability perspectives. While socio-material transgressions of current foodways may emerge, we argue that a shift from communicating and commercializing sustainability to a focus on ecological material aspects and ecological sensemaking is essential for transforming foodways towards strong sustainability.
“Ha! Suck on that Corona, I Found Something to Do”
Authors: Matres Inés
Published: March 2023

In the spring of 2020 young people were living in an exceptional period of isolation, messiness and emotional turmoil. The pandemic situation in Finland serves as the background of this study, which focuses on participation and the voice of adolescents in times of crisis. My inquiry is based on 75 diaries collected by diverse museums and archives and originally created by 11- to 18-year-olds during remote schooling, and my aim is to ascertain how they were invited in and responded to making the stuff of history. Combining oral history and media ethnographic methods, I provide an analysis of the diaries focusing on the emotional resilience attached to hobbies, the echo that the narrators’ information habits generate, and the media ecologies that resulted from the crafting and writing of diaries. My main argument is that although the diaries capture the narrators’ reactions to the crisis, the strong presence of their ordinary lives exposes shared generational traits that are worth preserving beyond this strange time. The students were writing in and about the immediate environment in which they lived their lives, which resulted in an uncommon and rich form of oral history that raised new questions about young people’s experiences during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
Relationships between Pre-service Student Teacher’s Teaching Practice Anxiety, Self-determined Personal Characteristic and Academic Achievement
Authors: Kamonjo Florence Wanja , Nyambura Rose
Published: March 2023

Teaching Practice (TP) is an essential and compulsory stage in teachers training, as it gives them a worthwhile opportunity to practice what they have learned during training. It involves real classroom teaching which leads to most students experience anxiety which interferes with their performance. This study was planned to examine the relationship between university student teachers’ anxiety levels towards TP with their self-determined learner’s personality and with academic performance in TP. The study involved two Kenyan universities; University of Kabianga and Laikipia University. Study population was 800 student teachers undertaking their TP exercise. A random sample of 105 students were involved. Research design was descriptive-correlational research design while research method was cross-sectional analytical survey. Three tools were used to correct data; The Student Teacher Anxiety Scale (STAS), Teaching Practice Assessment Score Sheet (TPASS) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Pearson correlation coefficient, r, was used to test the relationship between student teachers’ anxiety, personal characteristics, and academic achievement. Results indicate that; academic achievement in TP exercise and TP anxiety are high, there is a weak statistically significant negative relationship between TP anxiety and academic achievement and the negative relationship is statistically significant in evaluation and professional preparation anxieties only. Furthermore, there is a statistically insignificant relationship between learner personality and academic achievement in TP.