bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Algerian Bee Pollens: Exploring Geographical Influences
Authors: Djelloul Zidane
Published: September 2024

This research study offers a comprehensive physicochemical analysis and assessment
of antioxidant activity for 15 bee pollen samples collected from diverse regions of Algeria. The
analysis included a wide range of parameters such as moisture content, sugar composition (fructose,
glucose, and sucrose), ash, electrical conductivity, free acidity, pH, total flavonoid (TFC)
and phenolic (TPC) contents, as well as protein and lipid contents. Additionally, the study evaluated
the antioxidant activity using two methods: DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferricreducing
antioxidant power (FRAP).The results revealed higher values of pH, free acidity, and
electrical conductivity, indicating potential variations in the physicochemical properties of bee
pollen samples from different regions. Notably, the samples were further distinguished by high
total phenolic content (26.23 mg GAE/g), flavonoid content (4.73 mg QE/g), and protein content
(21.7%), along with a unique mineral composition. The analysis also demonstrated the
highest total antioxidant capacity and a marked correlation with total phenolics. This study
highlights the influence of geographical factors on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant
activity of Algerian bee pollen. Regional variations underscore the importance of considering
geographical factors in evaluating bee pollen quality, nutritional value, and potential health
benefits of Algerian bee pollen. This emphasizes their crucial role in functional foods and natural
health products. Understanding these variations supplies valuable insights for optimizing the
utilization of bee pollen in functional foods, dietary supplements, and pharmaceutical formulations.
Further research into environmental factors influencing bee pollen's antioxidant properties
could enhance our understanding of its therapeutic potential.

other:

Further research into environmental factors influencing bee pollen's antioxidant properties could enhance our understanding of its therapeutic potential. Additionally, exploring the potential applications of Algerian bee pollen in functional foods, dietary supplements, and pharmaceutical formulations could provide opportunities for product development and innovation in the food and healthcare industries.
Hybrid Class Balancing Approach for Chemical Compound Toxicity Prediction
Authors: Santiago-Gonzalez Felipe , Martinez-Rodriguez Jose L. , García-Perez Carlos , Juárez-Saldivar Alfredo , Camacho-Cruz Hugo E.
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Computational methods are crucial for efficient and cost-effective drug
toxicity prediction. Unfortunately, the data used for prediction is often imbalanced, resulting in
biased models that favor the majority class. This paper proposes an approach to apply a hybrid
class balancing technique and evaluate its performance on computational models for toxicity
prediction in Tox21 datasets.

Methods:

The process begins by converting chemical compound data structures (SMILES
strings) from various bioassay datasets into molecular descriptors that can be processed by algorithms.
Subsequently, Undersampling and Oversampling techniques are applied in two different
schemes on the training data. In the first scheme (Individual), only one balancing technique
(Oversampling or Undersampling) is used. In the second scheme (Hybrid), the training data is
divided according to a ratio (e.g., 90-10), applying a different balancing technique to each proportion.
We considered eight resampling techniques (four Oversampling and four Undersampling),
six molecular descriptors (based on MACCS, ECFP, and Mordred), and five classification
models (KNN, MLP, RF, XGB and SVM) over 10 bioassay datasets to determine the
configurations that yield the best performance.

Results:

We defined three testing scenarios: without balancing techniques (baseline), Individual,
and Hybrid. We found that using the ENN technique in the MACCS-MLP combination resulted
in a 10.01% improvement in performance. The increase for ECFP6-2048 was 16.47% after incorporating
a combination of the SMOTE (10%) and RUS (90%) techniques. Meanwhile, using
the same combination of techniques, MORDRED-XGB showed the most significant increase in
performance, achieving a 22.62% improvement.

Conclusion:

Integrating any of the class balancing schemes resulted in a minimum of 10.01%
improvement in prediction performance compared to the best baseline configuration. In this
study, Undersampling techniques were more appropriate due to the significant overlap among
samples. By eliminating specific samples from the predominant class that are close to the minority
class, this overlap is greatly reduced.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Cannabis in the Management of Chronic Pain: An Opinion Paper
Authors: Polito Giacomo , Zovi Andrea , Coluccia Adriana , Vaccaro Marcello , Bagaglini Gabriele , Capuozzo Maurizio , Langella Roberto , Zavaleta-Monestel Esteban , Quesada-Villaseñor Ricardo , Ferrara Francesco
Published: September 2024

In recent years there has been increased interest in exploring the therapeutic efficacy of
cannabis for the management of chronic pain among adult patients. However, the use of cannabis for
chronic pain is still a matter of debate and uncertainty. This opinion paper carried out a short overview
of the literature with the aim of evaluating data on efficacy and safety of cannabis-based medicines,
to fill the existing gaps in understanding the role of cannabis in therapy and to identify the critical
issues associated with their use. The analysis of existing literature has clearly highlighted the potential
benefits of cannabis-based preparations for the management of chronic pain. However, several criticalities
have been identified. These include the lack of standardization of preparations and the insufficient
clinical evidence to establish cannabis as the therapy of choice for chronic pain. As a result,
although the potential benefits of cannabis preparations for the management of chronic pain are clear,
further research is needed to address existing limitations and establish a solid scientific basis, especially
through real-world data collection.
TGF-β1 Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Dependent Apoptosis in Human Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Fetal Origin through PERK
Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhu Yongzhao , Xue Wei , Na Juan , Huang Lijuan , Cai Ruizhi , Tao Jin , Ma Shuqin
Published: September 2024

Background:

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are pivotal in immunomodulation, hematopoiesis,
and tissue repair. The interplay between MSCs and the pathological microenvironment
influences their proliferation and differentiation. Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (TGF-
β1) serves as a key cytokine in the MSC microenvironment. This study aimed to scrutinize the
impact of TGF-β1 on human placenta-derived MSCs of fetal origin (fPMSCs) and elucidate its underlying
mechanism.

Methods:

fPMSCs were isolated, and surface markers were identified by flow cytometry. Cell proliferation
in fPMSCs was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-Ethynyl-2’-Deoxy
Uridine (EdU). Apoptosis was detected via Annexin V/PI staining, and apoptosis-related proteins
were detected by western blot. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins were detected
by western blot, and Flou-4 AM staining was utilized to assess intracellular Ca2+ levels under
TGF-β1 exposure. The impact of 4-PBA treatment on ER stress and apoptosis was assessed by
western blot and Annexin V/PI staining. Additionally, the PERK and p-PERK expressions were
evaluated via Western blot.

Results:

CCK-8 and EdU assays revealed inhibited proliferation of fPMSCs under TGF-β1 exposure.
Annexin V/PI staining demonstrated a significant induction of apoptosis in fPMSCs following
TGF-β1 treatment. Furthermore, TGF-β1 treatment significantly elevated intracellular Ca2+ levels
and the expressions of GRP78, p-eIF2α, and CHOP. Interruption of ER stress with 4-PBA mitigated
TGF-β1-induced apoptosis in fPMSCs. Moreover, TGF-β1 increased p-PERK expression.
Inhibition of PERK autophosphorylation with GSK2606414 suppressed TGF-β1-induced apoptosis
and ER stress in fPMSCs.

Conclusion:

Our findings indicated that TGF-β1 induced ER stress-dependent apoptosis in fPMSCs
through the PERK signaling pathway. These results offer insights into enhancing the therapeutic
efficacy of fPMSCs by modulating TGF-β1-induced apoptosis.
Antibacterial Effect of Co-Loaded Curcumin and Rutin in Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Compared to their Loading Alone
Authors: Memar Mohammad Yousef , Yekani Mina , Sharifi Simin , Dizaj Solmaz Maleki
Published: September 2024

Aims:

The present study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect of co-loaded rutin and curcumin in mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Cur-Rut-MSNs).

Background:

Rutin is a nontoxic phytochemical that is present expansively in vegetables and fruits. Curcumin is an active ingredient of Curcuma longa. Curcumin and rutin have a variety of thera-peutic effects, essentially antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant actions.

Objective:

Low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability of rutin and curcumin limit their appli-cation in therapeutic goals. One of the advantageous routes to improve their bioavailability and solubility is nanoformulation. Co-delivery of therapeutic agents has been reported to have better therapeutic effects than monotherapy.

Methods:

The present study has evaluated the antibacterial properties of Cur-Rut-MSNs. The Mini-mum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Cur-Rut-MSNs has been assessed against different bacteria.

Results:

Cur-Rut-MSNs exerted significantly higher antibacterial effect than curcumin-loaded MSNs (Cur-MSNs) and rutin-loaded MSNs (Rut-MSNs) against Acinetobacter baumannii, Esche-richia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

The antibacterial effect was enhanced by the co-loading of rutin and curcumin in MSNs. According to the findings of this study, Cur-Rut-MSNs exhibit an antibacterial effect and can be a favorable nanoformulation against planktonic bacteria.
Interaction of High- and Low-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes is
Associated with a Reduced Risk of Developing Cervical Cancer
Authors: Hasanzadeh Malihe , Rejali Marzieh , khalili-tanha ghazaleh , Mehramiz Mehraneh , Yavari Negar , Nazari Elham , malakuti Parnian , Maleki Faezeh , Ghorbannezhad Ghazale , Rafiei Mahdi , Mirani Anahita , Gholampoor-Shamkani Negar , Saber Hoda , mousavi seresht leila , Emamdadi‐Aliabad Zohreh , Mahdian Zahra , Akbari Mahdieh , Ferns Gordon A. , Al Moustafa Ala-Eddin , Avan Amir
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Cervical cancer is among the most common types of cancer in women and
is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The association between cervical cancer
and high-risk HPV infection has been well documented. However, the effect of simultaneous infection with high- and low-risk HPV or low-risk HPV alone on the risk of developing cervical
malignancy remains unanswered in guidelines.

Method:

We investigated the association of high and low-risk HPVs (HR or LR) genotypes with
cervical carcinoma risk and pathological and cytological information in cases recruited from a population-based cohort study of 790 patients. Correlation matrix and t-test were used for analysis.

Results:

The percentage of HR+LR and HR-HPV16/18 were 9.30% and 11.20% in class II, 7.15%
and 7.10% in class IV, and 7.15% and 5.80% in As-CUS smears.
Interestingly, concurrent infection with HR-HPV and LR-HPV types led to a significant reduction
in the risk of developing malignancy compared to the high-risk group (OR=0.3 (0.098-0.925), pvalue=0.04). The percentage of individuals with cervical malignancy was 10.2% and 28.2% within
the co-infected and the HR-HPV participants.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that simultaneous infection with high- and low-risk HPV may
reduce the risk of cervical malignancy.
Toll-like Receptors: Therapeutic Potential in Life Threatening Diseases- Cardiac Disorders
Authors: Singh Sonia
Published: September 2024

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) belong to the innate immune system. TLRs identify and respond
to invading pathogens by recognizing certain molecular patterns associated with the infections.
TLRs are crucial for the host's defence against these diseases. TLRs are capable of detecting
several endogenous chemicals through the recognition of damage-associated molecular patterns,
which are generated in response to various harmful situations. Recent animal studies have shown
that TLR signaling has a significant role in the development of serious heart diseases, such as ischemia
myocardial damage, myocarditis, and septic cardiomyopathy, where inflammation of the
heart muscle is a key factor. This manuscript examines the animal research findings on (1) TLRs,
TLR ligands, and the signal transduction system, and (2) the significant involvement of TLR signaling
in these crucial cardiac diseases.
Synthetic Methods and Pharmacological Potentials of Isothiocyanate Derivatives
Authors: Khidre Rizk E. , Borik Rita M. , Behalo Mohamed S. , Elkarim Iman A. Gad , Esam Ahmed
Published: September 2024

The present review deals with different synthetic methods of isothiocyanates, including
alcohols, aryl chlorides, primary amines, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid derivatives, cleavage of
heterocyclic compounds, and alkene derivatives as a starting material. Furthermore, the thermal rearrangement
of thiocyanate, decomposition of thiourea derivatives, and natural isothiocyanates are
discussed. It also includes the chemical reaction of isothiocyanates derivatives, such as reaction
with alkenes and aromatic compounds, addition of water and amine derivatives, reaction with amino
alcohol derivatives, reaction with amino acids and their derivatives, reaction with hydrazine and
acid hydrazide derivatives, and miscellaneous reactions. In addition, this review summarizes different
pharmaceutical applications of isothiocyanate derivatives, such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant,
and anti-inflammatory activities.
A Review on Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Irritable Bowel Syndrome and its Association with Obesity
Authors: Rawat Pooja , Das Saumya , Pentela Bhavani , Bansal Priyanka , Lovely  , Baghel Dileep Singh
Published: September 2024

Worldwide, Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs) are common, although their
prevalence varies among cultures, ethnic groups, and geographic regions. FGIDs, now referred to as
Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactions (DGBIs), encompass a variety of chronic or recurrent gastrointestinal
symptoms that are not related to structural or morphological abnormalities. Irritable Bowel
Syndrome (IBS) and Functional Dyspepsia are two of the most common examples of FGIDs. According
to the Rome IV criteria established in 2016, these disorders are classified based on specific
diagnostic guidelines. The Rome Foundation is expected to launch the updated Rome V criteria in
2026. IBS is one of the most common types of FGID. The causes of IBS include a range of factors
such as dietary habits, psychological influences, and genetic predispositions. The role of neurotransmitters
such as serotonin, norepinephrine, histamine, dopamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid
(GABA) has been identified in the development of IBS. Due to gender differences, it is anticipated
that the symptoms and treatment approaches for men and women with IBS may vary. Studies have
shown that IBS is more frequent in women than in men. Various treatment strategies are used for the
management of IBS, including medications (such as laxatives, antidepressants, and analgesics), lifestyle
modifications, and herbal approaches. Increasing emphasis is being placed on plant-based
products and probiotics. Management often differs from one individual to another; a treatment that
works for one person may not be effective for another. Different studies have suggested an association
between obesity and FGIDs, particularly IBS. Some research indicates that obesity could exacerbate
the inflammatory processes associated with IBS, while other studies suggest a bidirectional
link between IBS and obesity. Common pathophysiological features found in both obesity and IBS
include alterations in the gut microbiome, changes in intestinal permeability, visceral hypersensitivity,
and low-grade inflammation.
Phytochemical Profiling of Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. Essential Oils and their Antiproliferative Potential against HeLa Human Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Zaid Atiqah , Alkatib Huda Hisham , Sharulezam Siti Nurhidayah , Yahaya Noorfatimah , Lee Tien Ping , Sreenivasan Sasidharan , Wong Yong Foo
Published: September 2024

Background:

Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. is one of the very few lign-aloes trees that can
produce highly valuable resin-impregnated heartwood, commonly known as agarwood.

Aim:

This study aimed to determine the chemical profile of A. malaccensis essential oil and describe
its antiproliferative effects against the HeLa cervical cancer cell line for the first time.

Method:

The essential oils hydro-distilled from agarwood were characterised using GC−MS with the
aid of spectral deconvolution. The antiproliferative effects were evaluated via the MTT assay.

Result:

A total of 143 metabolites were tentatively identified in two different grades of essential oils,
which accounted for 56.80% and 78.19% of the total ion counts, respectively. These metabolites
were distributed over the chemical families of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, cyclic hydrocarbons,
and others. The essential oils exhibited antiproliferative activities, with IC50 values of 79.42 and
128.77 μg/mL, respectively.

Conclusion:

The results have suggested the chemical differences in secondary compounds to be the
main factor contributing to the decrease in cell viability. Further investigations are warranted to
understand its mechanisms of action and its potential use in cervical cancer treatment.
Natural Bioactives and their Nano-formulations for Management of Acne
Vulgaris: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Mandal Purba , Akhtar Juber , Ahmad Mohammad , Badruddeen  , Khan Mohammad Irfan , Sufiyan Mohd , Moin Bushra , Singh Aditya , Islam Anas , Ahmad Asad
Published: September 2024

Managing acne presents a multifaceted challenge for teenagers, impacting their physical
appearance and emotional well-being. The multifactorial nature of acne, which involves hyperactive
oil glands, follicular hyperkeratinization, bacterial activity, and inflammation, emphasizes the importance of effective treatment strategies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the role
of natural bio-actives and their Nano-formulations in addressing acne. Additionally, this review highlights numerous anti-acne formulations composed of natural components and the methods used to
formulate Nano-formulations with anti-acne properties. Potential mechanisms of action for natural
elements used in Nano-formulations, such as aloe Vera, green tea extract, grape extract, cucumber
extract, lavender essential oil, and tea tree oil, are explored. These natural components contain phytoconstituents that play key roles in skin repair and the treatment of several skin conditions, such as
acne, aging, UV-induced skin damage, surgical wounds, psoriasis, and eczema. Furthermore, the
review discusses patents filed for acne treatment using natural components and addresses challenges
in formulating anti-acne products such as quality, availability, cost, and method validations.
Combination of Intracanal Medicines with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for
Effective Eradication of Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Baseri Milad , Memar Mohammad Yousef , Zohdi Mahsa , Samiei Mohammad , Dizaj Solmaz Maleki , Naseri Amirreza , Radmand Faraz , Torab Ali
Published: September 2024

Background:

Intracanal-resistant infections are the most important reason for root canal treatment failure. Therefore, cleaning the root canals is crucial. The efficiency of nanomedicines in eliminating intracanal contaminations and preventing bacterial attachment to surfaces are new strategies in this field. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intracanal
medicines, including calcium hydroxide (CH), zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO), pantoprazole (PP), and chlorhexidine (CHX) on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in the individual and combinatorial form in an in vitro design in order to introduce an effective medicine for the eradication of
E. faecalis. Sterilized water and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 5.25% were used as the negative
and positive control of antimicrobial activity, respectively.

Methods:

E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) was used for bacterial assays. The powder and the gel forms
of the tested compounds were used in the analysis. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of
the medicines were evaluated by the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination using the broth microdilution method. The anti-biofilm effect of the tested compounds was assessed
by Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC). The antibacterial and antibiofilm effects
of antimicrobial agent combinations were detected using the checkerboard assay and determination of the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI). Time-kill kinetics were conducted at
zero, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h.

Results:

Except for the MIC of the NaOCl, which was significantly lower than CH, there was no
statistically significant difference between groups in MIC and MBIC. Only the mixture of CHX
and nZnO and the mixture of PP and nZnO had a synergic effect against the planktonic and biofilm form of E. faecalis. Except for CHX and ZnO nanoparticles in gel form, other medicines did
not show significant anti-biofilm effects against E. faecalis. Furthermore, the gel for CHX and
nZnO showed stronger anti-biofilm effects.

Conclusion:

Combination therapy of common intracanal medicines with zinc oxide nanoparticles
would lead to higher antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects against E. faecalis compared to conventional intracanal medicaments.
LAB Bacteriocin-Based Strategies for Food Preservation
Authors: Pang Xinyi , Lu Yingjian
Published: September 2024

Bacteriocins are ribosomally-synthesized peptides or proteins with broad or
narrow-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria
(LAB) are considered natural preservatives with safe and green properties, and their
use in food preservation meets consumer demand. In this paper, the classification of
LAB bacteriocins and their antimicrobial mechanisms are described in detail. Its
application in the preservation of food products such as meat, dairy, seafood, fruits and
vegetables is reviewed. The application of bacteriocins in hurdle technology is also
presented, including their combination with other antimicrobial agents such as essential
oils, bacteriophages, lysozymes, chemical antimicrobial agents, as well as thermal and
non-thermal processing technology. To sum up, this review will provide insights for
researchers working with lactobacillus bacteriocins as well as for industry personnel
looking for new methods of natural and safe food preservation.
The Effects of Boiling and Steaming on The Yield and Nutrient Content of Fish Meal
Authors: Nur Aini Fitria , Latief M. Fadhlirrahman , Wahyu Windari
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of boiling and steaming processes on yield and nutrient content in fishmeal production. Fish samples, including Mackerel Scad and Sardinella lemuru were obtained from Sendang Biru, Malang and processed using boiling and steaming methods at 90-100?C for 30 minutes. This study used 4 treatments i.e boiled mackerel scad, steamed mackerel scad, boiled Sardinella lemuru and steamed Sardinella lemuru. The results indicated that steaming yielded a higher yield compared to boiling (8.56 and 1.54%), but the nutrient content particularly ash, protein and ether extract was different in both of fishmeal. However, steaming is more effective in lowering crude fiber levels than boiling. The study also assessed Salmonella contamination in fishmeal, and the analysis revealed no Salmonella contamination in the steaming fishmeal samples. These findings provide valuable guidance for the livestock feed industry in selecting the optimal processing method to maximize the quality of fishmeal.
Physico-chemical Characterization of Tofu By-Product Silage Supplemented with Fine Rice Bran and Chestnut Tannin as Silage Additives
Authors: Sadarman Sadarman , Harahap Rakhmad Perkasa , Azmi Amirul Faiz Mohd , Febrina Dewi , Febriyanti Rahmi , Gholib  , Yunilas  , Qomariyah Novia , Nurfitriani Rizki Amalia , Khairi Fitrah
Published: September 2024

This study seeks to evaluate the physico-chemical properties of tofu waste silage with the inclusion of refined rice bran and chestnut tannins as additives. This study employed an experimental method using a completely randomized design, comprising four treatments and five replications. The treatments included are T1: Fresh Tofu Waste (FTW as control), T2: FTW + 5% fine rice bran (DM basis), T3: FTW + 1% chestnut tannin (DM basis), and T4: FTW + 5% fine rice bran + 1% chestnut tannin (DM basis). The variables measured were temperature, humidity, pH, mold growth, aroma, texture, color, and dry matter loss. The data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Duncan's multiple range test was applied at a 5% significance level to assess significant differences between treatments. The findings revealed that the inclusion of fine rice bran and chestnut tannin had a significant impact (P<0.05) on the temperature, humidity, pH, mold growth, aroma, texture, color, and dry matter loss of fresh tofu waste silage. In conclusion, the addition of 5% fine rice bran and 1% chestnut tannin resulted in tofu waste silage with superior physico-chemical quality, as evidenced by the lowest dry matter loss compared to the other treatments.
Vitamin E Supplementation to Quail (Coturnix-coturnix Japonica) Treated by Heat Stress: Effects on Blood Hematology Parameters
Authors: Astuti Farida Kusuma , Rinanti Rosyida Fajri , Nurul Mohamad , Tribudi Yuli Arif
Published: September 2024

Heat stress is a major problem in poultry farming.  Environmental temperature and humidity greatly in fluence the performance of poultry, especially quails raised in tropical environments. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that has an antioxidant effect. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplementation on the blood profile of quails kept under heat stress. This study used 4 treatments of T0 as Control (Commercial Feed + Heat Stress 35 oC); T1 (Control + 100 mg of vitamin E/kg); T2 (Control + 150 mg of vitamin E/kg) and T3 (Control + 200 mg of vitamin E/kg). Observed parameters of leukocytes, heterophylls, lymphocytes and monocytes. The data was analyzed by Analysis of Variant (ANOVA) if there were differences between treatments, followed by the Duncan test. The observation results showed that the addition of vitamin E could increase the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and reduce the number of heterophytes and the H/L ratio of quail blood that experienced heat stroke. Based on the blood profile, the addition of vitamin E as much as 200 mg/kg in feed is able to reduce heat stress due to heat stress in laying quails.
Analisis Bantuan Luar Negeri India Sebagai Emerging Donor Terhadap Krisis Ekonomi di Sri Lanka
Authors:   Universitas Udayana, Ayu Sri Wahyuni Gusti
Published: September 2024

Sri Lanka was hit by the worst economic crisis in its history, especially since gaining independence in 1948. The economic crisis reached the point where Sri Lanka declared itself unable to pay its debts or was in default. India, as a neighboring country and emerging donor, has emerged to help Sri Lanka restore its economy. India is providing foreign assistance totaling USD 5 billion in 2022 to Sri Lanka. This research aims to analyze India's interests in providing foreign assistance to recover from the Sri Lankan economic crisis using the concept of national interest explained by Nuechterlein. Nuechterlein's concept of national interests consists of four interests, namely economic interests, defense interests, ideological interests, and world order interests. This research uses a qualitative approach whose explanation is descriptive with secondary data obtained through library study techniques. Based on the analysis carried out, of the four interests, there are three interests that are the most prominent and behind India's allocation of foreign aid to the Sri Lankan economic crisis, namely economic interests, defense interests and world order interests
Islam in Japan: When an Unstoppable Force Meets an Immovable Object
Authors:   Universitas Gadjah Mada, Ilyan Faris Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Japan’s case of inclusivity is distinctive when one considers its homogenous nature, which brings a challenge for foreign influences to integrate into its culture. However, several cases like the tolerance of Christianity in the contemporary era shows that external influences and cultures can be accepted in Japan as long as those said influences and cultures can integrate into the nation. As for Islam, its steadily growing population in Japan has raised an urgent issue in the discourse of Japan as an inclusive society. The main problem Japan had—specifically after the 9/11 attack—in regards to Islam was the biassed public perceptions which tend to generalise and stigmatise Islam and its adherents. Such perceptions were mainly caused by the few numbers of Muslims in Japan at that time and the narratives Japanese mass media brought to the public. However, recent times have seen a glimpse of light for Islam in Japan. The rising number of native Japanese that convert to Islam and the influx of refugees has counterbalanced the negative perceptions the Japanese public had prior to the current circumstances.
Analisis Dampak Bantuan Infrastruktur China Bagi Pembangunan Ekonomi Fiji
Authors:   Universitas Udayana, Eka Puja Aryanti Luh
Published: September 2024

Studi ini menganalisis dampak bantuan infrastruktur yang diberikan Tiongkok terhadap pembangunan ekonomi di Fiji. Dengan latar belakang disetujuinya beberapa perjanjian kerja sama antara Tiongkok dan Fiji sejak tahun 2009, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi seberapa signifikan bantuan tersebut dalam mendorong pembangunan ekonomi Fiji. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode deskriptif, penelitian ini memanfaatkan data sekunder dari berbagai jurnal dan artikel ilmiah yang relevan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa bantuan infrastruktur Tiongkok memberikan dampak positif terhadap pembangunan ekonomi Fiji, terutama dalam hal pembangunan fasilitas umum dan peningkatan kualitas hidup masyarakat Fiji. Namun penelitian ini juga mencatat tantangan dan hambatan yang perlu diatasi untuk memaksimalkan manfaat bantuan.
Effect of Application of Guava Leaf Extract (Psidium guajava L.) on Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) Attack on Red Chili (Capsici annum L.)
Authors: Yugista Serdinia , Martosudiro Mintarto , Choliq Fery Abdul
Published: September 2024

Red chili (Capsici annum L.) is a significant horticultural commodity widely consumed in Indonesia. From 2016 to 2020, red chili production consistently increased, reaching 1,264,190 tons in 2020. Despite this growth, certain regions still face production shortfalls relative to consumption needs. A major challenge in red chili cultivation is the Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV), which remains difficult to control as no pesticides currently target plant viruses directly. This study investigated the impact of guava leaf extract (Psidium guajava L.) on the incubation period, severity of TMV infection, and growth parameters in red chili plants. The experiment utilized a complete randomized design comprising six treatments with four replications, each involving two plants. The results indicate that four applications of guava leaf extract extended the TMV incubation period to 19.25 days post-inoculation and reduced attack intensity by 4.93%. Additionally, this treatment enhanced plant growth, evidenced by increased plant height and leaf number, and was the only treatment classified as resistant compared to other tested methods.
Diversity And Abundance of Collembola in Agroforestry Land in UB Forest
Authors: Simatupang Rusdi Ali Sabar , Rahardjo Bambang Tri
Published: September 2024

Collembola is one of the soil arthropods from the subphylum Hexapoda, namely six-legged arthropods that live in the soil, soil surface, leaf litter, under decomposed stems, and in living fungi. This study aims to determine and examine the diversity and abundance of Collembola on agroforestry land in UB Forest. The preparation and implementation of the research consisted of the determination of plot land, determination of soil sampling points, making holes and soil sampling, extraction of Collembola with a Berlese funnel, sorting and identification of Collembola, soil chemistry analysis and data analysis using the index formula of diversity, evenness, dominance, richness, and abundance and further analyzed with the T-test. The largest population of Collembola is found in pine + coffee land, which is 242 individuals. The highest diversity index is found in pine land, which is 1.04 which is classified as moderate or quite stable. The highest percentage of Collembola species abundance in pine + coffee fields, pine lands, and coffee fields is the family Isotomidae. The lowest percentage of Collembola abundance in pine + coffee fields and pine fields is the family Hypogastruridae, while in coffee fields it is the family Sminthuridae.
Results of a Digital Multimodal Motivational and Educational Program as Follow-Up Care for Former Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bretschneider Maxi Pia , Mayer-Berger Wolfgang , Weine Jens , Roth Lena , Schwarz Peter E H , Petermann Franz
Published: September 2024

Background

Digital interventions are promising additions for both usual care and rehabilitation. Evidence and studies for the latter, however, are still rare.

Objective

The aim of the study was to examine the app/web-based patient education program called “mebix” (previously called “Vision 2 – Gesundes Herz”) regarding its effectiveness in relation to the parameters of disease-specific quality of life (HeartQoL), cardiovascular risk profile (Cardiovascular Risk Management [CARRISMA]), and prognostic estimation of early retirement (Screening instrument work and occupation [SIBAR]) in 190 participants from a cardiological rehabilitation clinic.

Methods

To evaluate mebix, 354 patients from the Roderbirken Clinic of the German Pension Insurance Rhineland (Germany) with a coronary heart diesase were recruited and randomized either to the intervention group (using mebix postrehabiliation for up to 12 months) or the control group (receiving standard care). The data collection took place at the end of inpatient rehabilitation (t0), as well as 6 months (t1) and 12 months (t2) after the end of rehabilitation. Analyses of variance are used to assess the overall significance of difference in outcome parameters between groups and over time.

Results

The primary endpoint of disease-related quality of life shows a significant improvement of 7.35 points over the course of the intervention that is also more pronounced in the intervention group. Similarly, the 10-year risk of cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction showed significant improvements in the cardiovascular risk profile over time and between groups, indicating better results in the intervention group (ie, a reduction of −1.59 and −5.03, respectively). Positive effects on secondary outcomes like body weight, blood pressure, and number of smokers only showed time effects, indicating no difference between the groups. In addition, the SIBAR was significantly lower/better at the end of the observation period than at the beginning of the observation for both groups.

Conclusions

Overall, the digital training program represents an effective follow-up offer after rehabilitation that could be incorporated into standard care to further improve disease-related quality of life and cardiovascular risk profiles.
Effect of Addition of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on the Strength of Heat-Cured Denture Base Resins: Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Studies
Authors: Kaurani Pragati , Hindocha Amit , Porwal Amit , Tambe Abhijit , Price Carrie , Goel Vidhani , Krasner Henry , Khubchandani Jagdish , Batra Kavita
Published: September 2024

Background

Metal oxide nanoparticle–reinforced polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been shown to improve mechanical properties, such as strength. Different types of metal oxide nanoparticles have been used previously, but the comparative effect on the strength of heat-cured denture base resins remains unclear.

Objective

This is a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis that will aim to pool evidence to compare and analyze the effects of the addition of different metal oxide nanoparticles, with varied sizes and concentrations, on the strength (flexural, impact, transverse, compressive tensile strength, and fracture toughness) of heat-cured PMMA. In addition, this review aims to analyze methodological factors, such as adherence to testing and sample-making guidelines, and the effects of surface treatments of the nanoparticles on the strength of heat-cured denture base resins.

Methods

The protocol has been registered in the Open Science Framework. Search strategies to identify studies on the effect of metal oxide nanoparticles on the strength of heat-cured PMMA were developed by the subject matter expert in library science. Following this, a systematic search of 5 electronic databases (PubMed [NCBI], Scopus [Elsevier], Cochrane Library [Wiley], CINAHL Plus with Full Text [EBSCO], and Dimensions Free Web App) was conducted to retrieve in vitro studies published in English from January 2012 to October 2023. Along with this citation chasing, other online sources and gray literature were also searched. Furthermore, papers will be screened, and appropriate data elements will be extracted in a standardized manner. A risk-of-bias assessment will be performed using a modified Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. A meta-analysis will be performed using a random-effects model.

Results

Search in databases resulted in 1837 papers, of which 1752 were duplicates, leaving 85 records that were screened for titles and abstracts based on the eligibility criteria. A similar search run on other online sources identified 129 papers that will be further analyzed for inclusion. The study was initiated in November 2023 and research questions and search strategies were formulated. The proposed study is expected to be completed by December 2024.

Conclusions

This systematic review will comprehensively analyze the effects of the incorporation of metal oxide nanoparticles in heat-cured denture base resins on the strength of the material. We anticipate gaining a deeper understanding of the effects and method of use of metal oxide nanoparticles to improve the strength of PMMA denture base resins.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/59999
Health Professionals’ Views on the Use of Conversational Agents for Health Care: Qualitative Descriptive Study (Preprint)
Authors: MacNeill A Luke , MacNeill Lillian , Luke Alison , Doucet Shelley
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of conversational agents for health promotion and service delivery. To date, health professionals’ views on the use of this technology have received limited attention in the literature.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of how health professionals view the use of conversational agents for health care.

METHODS

Physicians, nurses, and regulated mental health professionals were recruited using various web-based methods. Participants were interviewed individually using the Zoom (Zoom Video Communications, Inc) videoconferencing platform. Interview questions focused on the potential benefits and risks of using conversational agents for health care, as well as the best way to integrate conversational agents into the health care system. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and uploaded to NVivo (version 12; QSR International, Inc) for thematic analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 24 health professionals participated in the study (19 women, 5 men; mean age 42.75, SD 10.71 years). Participants said that the use of conversational agents for health care could have certain benefits, such as greater access to care for patients or clients and workload support for health professionals. They also discussed potential drawbacks, such as an added burden on health professionals (eg, program familiarization) and the limited capabilities of these programs. Participants said that conversational agents could be used for routine or basic tasks, such as screening and assessment, providing information and education, and supporting individuals between appointments. They also said that health professionals should have some oversight in terms of the development and implementation of these programs.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study provide insight into health professionals’ views on the use of conversational agents for health care, particularly in terms of the benefits and drawbacks of these programs and how they should be integrated into the health care system. These collective findings offer useful information and guidance to stakeholders who have an interest in the development and implementation of this technology.
Artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation: an exploratory systematic review (Preprint)
Authors: Piulats Egea Rosa Cordula , Moreno-Martinez Daniel
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common and relevant cardiac arrhythmias in terms of morbidity and mortality. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for adequate medical attention and the reduction of serious complications. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a technological tool for the detection of AF with the automated analysis of the electrocardiogram (ECG).

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this exploratory systematic review was to identify the AI models applied to the multi-lead ECG for the detection of AF, to describe the accuracy and generalization capacity of the models.

METHODS

The search strategy was applied in 2 bibliographic databases, Scopus on February 5, 2024, and PubMed on February 6, 2024. Of 23,785 studies, 23 were selected following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria and underwent a rigorous analysis, data synthesis and quality assessment.

RESULTS

The exposition of the characteristics was carried out in two groups according to the number of derivations of the input ECG of the algorithm. In the 2-lead group, the average sensitivity was 0.95, specificity 0.94 and accuracy 0.94. In the 12-lead test, the average sensitivity was 0.91, specificity 0.96 and accuracy 0.97.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite a promising accuracy, the generalizability was limited by the methodological quality of the model development process and the need for clinical validation of the algorithms with real-world data.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Clinical Nurse Educators' job satisfaction and turnover intentions: A scoping review protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Metersky Kateryna , Richard Emily , Yasin Yasin , Al-Hamad Areej , Tan Valerie
Published: September 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Clinical Nurse Educators (CNEs) play a critical role in supporting the recruitment, retention, and professional development of staff nurses in acute care hospital settings. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic — which has exacerbated global nursing shortages — CNEs are reporting high levels of burnout associated with unpredictable work expectations and nursing workforce challenges. However, the factors which influence job satisfaction and turnover intentions among CNEs are not well understood. The objective of this scoping review is to provide a comprehensive overview of existing literature that focuses on job satisfaction and turnover intentions of CNEs within the acute care setting. JBI and PRISMA-ScR guidelines will be used for this scoping review. The search will include English language articles published in the international healthcare management and nursing literature between 2013-2024, as well as grey literature. This review will consider all literature sources that explore the concept of job satisfaction and turnover intentions of CNEs in the context of acute care settings such as hospitals and short stay units. Data extraction will be completed using JBI SUMARI software to gather specific data from each literature source. The results will be synthesized to map out themes within existing literature and to identify areas for further research. Supported by tables and graphs, content analysis will be employed to provide an extensive overview of what is known about the topic of interest. Rather than evaluating the significance of findings in individual studies, this review will contribute new insights to the existing literature and identify areas for further research.
Fortifikasi besi dan prebiotik pada kukis terhadap histologi usus tikus anemia
Authors: Rafika Muhana , Lestari Lily Arsanti , Helmyati Siti
Published: September 2024

Iron dan prebiotic fortification in cookies towards intestine histology anemia ratsBackground: Anemia can also cause damage to small intestinal villous cells. Iron fortification can be an alternative prevention of anemia. Prebiotic additives can reduce the effects of fortification and improve intestinal villous.Objective: The study aims to determine the effect of breadfruit and soybean-based cookies with prebiotic and iron fortification on the small intestine's histology, especially the intestinal villous's height and width.Methods: Experimental study with posttest control group design with a total sample of 48 rats. Rats were divided into eight groups, given breadfruit and soybean-based cookies with the addition of FOS and NaFeEDTA (K1), FOS and FeSO4 (K2), FOS (K3), FeSO4 (K4), NaFeEDTA (K5), without fortification (K6). In addition, K- is a healthy mouse with standard feed, and K + is an anemia mouse. Anemia induction is for two weeks, and intervention is for 28 days. Intestinal histology was observed using an optilab microscope and measured using ImageRaster 4.0.5.Results: There were no significant differences in duodenum villous height, jejunum villous height, and ileum villous width (p>0.05). However, there were significant differences (p <0.05) for duodenum villous width (K- and K3), jejunum villous width (K1 and K4) and ileum villous height (K1, K2 and K +).Conclusions: Giving breadfruit-based and soybeans with prebiotic and iron fortification can increase the height and width of small intestinal villi.