bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
بارودۆخی ڕامیارى نێوان میرنشینە کۆنەکانى عەرەب لە باکوور و باشووری نیمچە دورگەى عەرەبی توێژینەوەیەکى بەراوردکارییه‌ لەنێوان میرنشینی (معین و غساسنە) بە نموونە
Authors: أحمد شاکر رضا , عمر کەیفی پیرداود
Published: December 2023

ئەم توێژینەوەیە توێژینەوەیەکى بەراوردکارییە لە مێژووى ڕامیارى نێوان دوو میرنشینی کۆنی عەرەبی، غەساسنە لە باکوور و معین لە باشوورى نیمچە دوورگەى عەرەب، مەبەستیش لەم توێژینەوەیە خستنە ڕووى جیاوازیەکان و لەیەکچووەکانە لەڕووى ڕامیارى و پەیوەندیە دەرەکییەکانى هەردوو میرنشین و دۆزینەوەى هۆکارى جیاوازییەکانە، چونکە جیاوازى بارودۆخی ڕامیارى لە باکوور و باشوورى نیمچە دوورگەى عەرەبی پێشهات و ڕووداوی جیاوازیشى بەرهەم هێناوە. بۆیە دەبینین ئەم دوو میرنشینە هەر لە سەرەتای دروست بوونیان تا ڕووخانیان جیاوازى هەبووە لە بەشێکی لایەنى ڕامیاریان، کە هەڵکەوتەى شوێنى جوگرافی و بوونى زلهێزەکان لە بەشی باکوور و نەبوونى لە باشوور ڕۆڵیان هەبووە لەم جیاوازیەدا، لەهەمان کاتدا خاڵى هاوبەشیش هەبووە لەنێوانیان، چونکە هەردوو میرنشین بنچینە و ڕەگەزیان یەکە و باکووریەکانیش هەر باشووری بوونە بەڵام کۆچیان کردوە بۆ باکوور و لەگەڵ تێپەڕبوونى کات خۆیان گونجاندوە و تێکەڵ بە شارستانییەتى ناوچەکە بوونە.
المسؤولية المدنية عن الاضرار البيئية لشركات النفط والغازفي ضوء القوانين والاتفاقيات الدولية
Authors: شريف اميرة جعفر
Published: December 2023

تعد المسؤولية المدنية واحدة من اهم الموضوعات التي تقوم عليها القوانين المدنية بصورة عامة يسبب نشاط الشركات تكرير النفط والغاز عدد كبير من الملوثات الضارة بالبيئة، ويوصف بأنه السبب الرئيس في تلوث البيئة، بحيث يتسع نطاق التلوث البيئي الذي يسببه ليشمل البيئية الهوائية والمائية والأرضية، وبذلك فهو المسؤول المباشر عن معظم الأضرار البيئية التي تصيب الإنسان بالدرجة الأساس وباقي الكائنات الحية وغير الحية الأخرى، والنظام البيئي على وجه العموم، فرضت المجتمع الدولي تنظيم هذه المسؤولية من خلال ابرام الاتفاقيات ولعل اهم هذه الاتفاقيات "اتفاقية بروكسل لعام 1969 المتعلقة بالمسؤولية المدنية عن اضرار التلوث البحري بالبترول". ومن هذا المنطلق أصبحت المسؤولية المدنية عن الاضرار البيئية لشركات النفط والغاز من أكثر المسائل التي تستحق البحثوالتقصيالشركات النفطية التي لاتراعي القوانين، تعويضات عادلة. حيثكشفت الدراسات المعاصرة  تأشيرات سلبية لبعض الشركات النفطية العاملة في المدنالعالم وخاصة في العراق واقليم، التي تؤثر على صحة المواطن مبينة ان التأثيرات الصحية تعد قاتلة وذلك للانبعاثات الغازية، والمخالفات والزام الشركات بدفع الديون والغرامات المتراكمة مع ضرورة تحملها المسؤولية وتخصيص مبالغ من الشركات لدعم القطاع الصحي وازالة المخلفات .كما اثارت الموضوع المسؤولية المدنية لشركات عن الاضرار البيئة عدة مشكلات قانونية تتمثل معظمها بعدم كفاية القواعد العامة للقانون المدني والقواعد الخاصة الواردة في قانون حماية وتحسين البيئة رقم 27 لسنة 2009 العراقي و قانون حماية و تحسين البيئة في اقليم كوردستان ـ العراق رقم (8) لسنة 2008.  لتنظيم احكام هذه المسؤولية نظرا لخصوصية التي تتميز بها اغلب احكامها، مع عدم ملائمة نظرية الخطا التي اخذ بها التشريع العراقي واقليم كاساس للمسؤولية المدنية، لانه يتعذر على المتضرر اثباته بسب طبيعته الفنية المعقدة، وبذلك يتعذر انعقاد المسؤولية المدنية لهذه الشركات، نتيجة لعدم توافر ركن الخطأ.اذ ثبتت من خلال البحث بان نظرية الضرر التي اخذت بها التشريعات المقارنة هي الاساس الذي ينسجم مع طبيعة المسؤولية المدنية عن اضرار التلوث البيئي.
The impact of application of electronic management on the exchange students between the public universities of the Kurdistan region of Iraq
Authors: Sharif Bakhtiar A.
Published: December 2023

The current study seeks to clarify and determine the extent of the impact of the application of electronic management on the exchange students between universities and the satisfaction of university registrars on this application. The importance of electronic management in many aspects of the university's administrative activity, but these benefits may have some negatives that can be overcome when using information and communication technologies in an effective manner. To achieve the required advantages for universities when applying electronic management, while measuring the usefulness of those advantages compared to the costs that the universities must bear. The researcher used the descriptive analytical method in his current study, so used the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) in his current study. To achieve the objectives of study and answer the previous questions, the researcher adopted a hypothetical model that reflects through the nature of the correlation and influence between the study variables. The study population represents almost exclusively (540) registrars and students in four public universities in KRG of Iraq. The quantity method was used as the primary tool for collecting study data and information. The survey questionnaire was randomly distributed to (540) respondents of the public universities, only (300) questionnaires were returned for analysis. Based on the results, the study concluded that is an impact of the application of electronic management on exchange students, as well as the existence of a reciprocal relationship between the two variables.
A Comparison Of Feed Forward Neural Network Models And Time Series Models For Forecasting Turkey's Monthly Dairy Exports To Iraq
Authors: Khalil Diyar M.
Published: December 2023

Forecasting is a major branch of statistics with several applications, particularly in econometrics. Many governments utilize it to develop long-term goals and make future decisions. The two main forecasting approaches are examined in this paper to discover the best forecasting model for the monthly amount of dairy products exported from Turkey to Iraq. The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model is used in the first technique, known as Box-Jenkins, while the Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) model is used in the second. The data, which comes from the official websites of the UN Comtrade and the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK), contains the monthly volume of dairy products exported between 2010 and 2019. For analysis, three software tools Alyuda NeuroIntelligence, R, and SPSS were used. This comparison also included Akaike Information Criteria (AIC), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and R2. According to the results, the FFNN model fits better than the ARIMA model. Furthermore, the FFNN model exhibits less errors than the ARIMA model and is much better in terms of goodness of fit due to lower MAE, RMSE, and AIC values.
گوتاری نەتەوەیی و ئاینیی لە ڕۆمانی (ئەنفال لە ئێوارە خوانێكی خوا و شەیتانەكاندا)
Authors: ابراهیم سەركەوت عمر , غريب لەنجە عبدالرحمن , احمد پەخشان علی
Published: December 2023

يتناول ئــەم توێژینەوەیە، لـە ژێر ناونیشانی (گوتـاری نەتەوەیی و ئایینی لـە رۆمانی- ئەنفال لە ئێوارە خوانێكی خودا و شەیتانەكان)دا بە ئەنجام گەیەنراوە، كە لە نووسینی رۆماننوس "حسین سـۆران"ە. ڕووداوەكـانی ئـەم ڕۆمانـە گێڕانـەوەی ڕووداوە تراژیدیەكانی كـارەساتی بەدناوی ئەنفالە و بە ئاراستەیەكی جیاوازتر لەو ڕۆمانانەی لەسەر ئەم كارەساتە نووسراون تراژیدیای ئەنفالمان بۆ دەگێڕێتەوە. ڕۆماننووس لە گێڕانەوەی ڕووداوەكانی ئەم ڕۆمانەدا، لە هەوڵی گەیاندنی گوتاری نەتەوەیی و ئایینیدایە لە هزری حەجاجی تكریتی وەك ئەفسەرێكی باڵا دەست و كاراكتەرێكی جەلادی جێبەجێكردنی كارەساتی ئەنفال. لە بەرانبەریشدا گوتاری دژ و پێچەوانەی شاكەسی ڕۆمانەكە (دڵداری مەلەك خاتوون) دەبینرێت لە بەرانبەر ئەم گوتارە نەتەوەیی و ئایینیەی، كە لە هزری شۆڤێنیستی حیزبی بەعسدا دژ بە نەتەوەی كورد ڕەوایەتی پێدرابوو. بۆ ئەم مەبەستە ڕۆماننووس تێكڕای پانتایی گێڕانەوەی ڕۆمانەكەی بۆ گفتوگۆ و گەیاندنی ئەم دوو چەمكە (نەتەوەیی و ئاینیی)یە تەرخانكردووە لە هزری دوو نەتەوەی جیاواز (عەرەب وەكو بكەری پرۆسەی ئەنفال) لە دیدی شوڤینییانەی حیزبی بەعس بەپشتبەستن بە گوتاری ئایینی و (كورد وەكو نەتەوەی ئەنفالكراو و ستەم لێكراو). لەو ڕوانگەیەوە ئەم توێژینەوەیە هەوڵدانێكە بۆ ئەوەی لە هزری ڕۆماننووسەوە ئەم دوو گوتارە و چۆنیەتی وێناكردنیان ڕاڤە بكات.
علاقة حارس البوابة بمصداقية المعلومات و الأخبار على وسائل التواصل الإجتماعي
Authors: إسماعيل إبراهيم صالح , قرداخي بهات حسيب
Published: December 2023

يتناول هذا البحث طبيعة علاقة نظرية حارس البوابة بمصداقية المعلومات و جودة الاخبار على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي، و هو بحث مستل من رسالة ماجستير بعنوان ( تمثلات نظرية حارس البوابة في وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي من وجهة نظر أساتذة الاعلام)، يركز الباحث في هذا البحث إمكانية إستمرار حارس البوابة في الاعلام الجديد و علاقتها بمصداقية المعلومات و الاخبار ، ثم من يمكنه أن يمارس دور حارس البوابة في وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي ؟. إستخدم الباحث  ( المنهج الوصفي ) و ( البحث المسحي ) في دراسة الموضوع  و الوصول الى نتائج فيه ،حيث تم إستبيان رأي ( 98) عينة البحث المكونة من الاكاديمين المتخصصين في الاعلام في (21)  من جامعات إقليم كوردستان و الجامعات العراقية ،و يحتوي هذا البحث على جزء من  الردود الواردة من العينة .  و توصل البحث الى إستمرارية نظرية حارس البوابة مع التغييرات التي طرأت عليها ،و إن للمعلومات و الاخبار مصداقية وجودة قليلة و ضعيفة، و إن القوانين و هيئات التحرير و ثقافة الافراد،يمكن أن يكونوا حراس بوابات  ملائمين على وسائل التواصل ،و إن وجود الحارس ضروري  لإعطاء مصداقية أكبر للأخبار والمعلومات على مواقع التواصل.
انقضاء تنفيذ الحكم الجزائي
Authors: رسول أ. م. د يوسف مصطفى , فرج زينب محمد
Published: December 2023

إن من أهم مقتضيات العدالة حماية المجتمع من الجريمة والمجرم، ومن خلال ذلك لابد أن تكون هنالك إجراءات وقواعد ملزمة تنظم هذه الإجراءات، وتحدد مسارها الإجرائي في التنفيذ العملي، ومما يزيد من أهمية هذه الإجراءات كونها في تماس مباشر ودائم مع حقوق الأشخاص وحرياتهم، فضلًا عن كون هذه الإجراءات تحدد صلاحيات اختصاص السلطة القضائية وتنظم عملها، وأيضاً، كون هذه الإجراءات تنظم طرق الطعن في القرارات والأحكام الصادرة في أدوار التحقيق والمحاكمة. وإذ يرسم القانون في نصوصه كيفية تحريك الدعوى الجزائية، ومراحل التحقيق وأصوله، والإجراءات التي يتخذها قضاة التحقيق والإحالة على المحاكم وأنواعها، وانتداب المحامين للدفاع عن المتهمين وطرق الطعن والمحاكمة الوجاهية والغيابية، والحكم وأسبابه وكل ما من شأنه يسهم في الدعوى الجزائية، غير أن مسألة "انقضاء الدعوى الجزائية"، أو "إيقاف الأجراءات القانونية" هما محل تساؤل واستفهام.
COVID-19 the Cause of Development Crisis
Authors: Qader Abdulkhaleq N.
Published: December 2023

With the increasing of environmental changes, countries found themselves facing a torrent of development crises that poured into them, which led to an increase in the challenges that these countries must face on their way towards achieving comprehensive development. Developmental crises continue to appear in various forms and types unexpectedly, or are preceded by some obsessions and signs, and the crisis may become part of the historical legacy of a society, which transferred from generation to generation. The major role in the process of organizing for development crises and find a solution if they occur, and ensuring their demise and the fading of their short and long-term effects, lies on the administrative bodies in any country. Within the main cause of the development crisis, especially in those countries that live in environments full of fluctuations and uncertainties. This study attempts to research the economic, social and security repercussions of the Corona crisis. It is necessary for human and political security to monitor strategies to confront this risky crisis, and many issues have been raised, foremost of which is the indirect causes that have increased the risks of this epidemic. Here are the strategies that helped and assisted in its spread with such intensity and speed, and what are the effects and policies of countries and the international system. This study concluded that despite the pivotal role of some developing countries in facing the Corona crisis through the government support strategy, this role remains limited in effectiveness unless these strategies are largely based on the participatory nature of crisis management at the national, regional and even international levels. The fact that humanity shares the same fate on the one hand, and on the other hand, due to the intertwining of the international system in many areas.
11Effects of an Online Adventure Game on Vocabulary Acquisition
Authors: Sulaiman Sovan , Sadq Kochar A. , Othman Murad S.
Published: December 2023

_ Online adventure game learning can motivate engaging and fun activities to learn new vocabulary. In the present study, the effect of using a digital online adventure game and its role in promoting Kurdish learners’ vocabulary learning and their level of motivation in playing the game were investigated. In the experimental group, the Hidden Chronicles online adventure game was used, whereas in the control group, English vocabulary was taught through traditional methods. At the end of the 3 weeks of traditional homework and gameplay, the participants’ performances were compared. The results pointed out that the mean score of the children in the experimental group was not significantly higher than those in the control group, meaning that there was no positive effect of using online adventure games in teaching English vocabulary to Kurdish learners. Regarding the pretest and posttest conditions in the experimental group, there was a significant difference in the scores for pretest and posttest conditions in the experimental group.
Impacto da pandemia COVID-19 nas notificações das doenças infecciosas no município de Belém – PA
Authors: Matsumura Erica Silva de Souza , Carneiro Thomaz Xavier , Feio Erick Clayton Gonçalves , Guedes Juan Andrade , Xavier Marília Brasil
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre a pandemia da Covid-19 e as notificações das doenças infecciosas no Estado do Pará no período de 2017 a 2022. Métodos: Neste estudo ecológico e descritivo os dados epidemiológicos foram obtidos no Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificações (SINAN) e no painel de monitoramento da Covid-19 em Belém. A análise estatística das variáveis ​​foi realizada por meio do teste qui-quadrado de proporções esperadas iguais e o indicador epidemiológico de números de casos das doenças. Resultados: Durante o período de estudo foram notificados 153.431 casos da Covid-19, Meningite (2718/1.44%), Sífilis Gestacional (2137/1.13), AIDS A (7731/4.10%), AIDS C (30/0.02%), AIDS AC (7761/4.12%), Hanseníase (1335/0.71%), Leishmaniose (184/0.10%), Chagas (1266/0.67%), Sífilis Congênita (1335/0.71%), Leptospirose (657/0.35%), HIV Gestacional (779/0.41%) e Tuberculose (9107/4.83%). Conclusão: O estudo se limitou a comparação das notificações de doenças compulsórias dos últimos três anos antecedentes ao período pandêmico. A busca ativa de casos e campanhas para prevenção de doenças contribuiu para a redução das doenças chegarem aos grupos vulneráveis. Ações governamentais devem ser estruturadas para a prevenção, sendo fundamental fortalecer a saúde no sentido de diminuir as iniquidades de acesso e oferecer a população um atendimento de qualidade.
Control mecánico en arbustos exóticos del género Pyracantha bajo tres frecuencias de corte
Authors: Renison Daniel , Barberá Iván , Argibay Daihana S. , Biraben Matías , Cingolani Ana M.
Published: December 2023

El control mecánico se utiliza ampliamente para reducir la invasión de arbustos exóticos; no obstante, en especies que rebrotan, el esfuerzo debe mantenerse hasta que el rebrote sea prácticamente nulo. Un régimen de cortes frecuentes implica un esfuerzo concentrado en menos tiempo, pero debería debilitar a la planta más rápidamente y podría redundar en un menor esfuerzo a largo plazo. En este contexto, nos propusimos determinar la frecuencia de cortes óptima. En las sierras de Córdoba, Argentina, seleccionamos 192 arbustos de Pyracantha angustifolia y P. aff. atalantioides, medimos sus tamaños, los cortamos en la base, aplicamos tres frecuencias de corte del rebrote (anual, bienal y al año 4) y registramos todos los tiempos de corte. Al año 5, la supervivencia fue 36, 83 y 91% para los arbustos cortados anual, bienal y al año 4, respectivamente. La altura promedio precorte fue 323±13 cm, y al año, el rebrote medía casi la mitad en todos los tratamientos. En el tratamiento de cortes anuales, el rebrote fue cada vez menor. En el tratamiento de corte bienal —en los años 2 y 4—, el rebrote alcanzó 84 y 88% de la altura original, respectivamente. En el tratamiento de corte al año 4, el rebrote llegó a una altura de 351±13 cm, superando en 20 cm su altura precorte. El número de frutos para el tratamiento de corte anual y bienal fue 0 y 33 frutos.arbusto-1.año-1, respectivamente, y en el tratamiento de corte al año 4, subió de 0 a 565±85 frutos.arbusto-1.año-1 desde el año 1 al 4. El único tratamiento con una reducción sostenida del tiempo de corte fue el anual. Concluimos que el control mecánico de Pyracantha debe contemplar una estrategia de cortes frecuentes.
The Development of The Women’s Movement and The Place of Gender Equality and Women’s Issues in Legal Documents in Azerbaijan
Authors: BALAKISHIYEVA Ilaha
Published: December 2023

As the first country in the East to grant women the right to vote and be elected, new political strategies were defined in Azerbaijan after gaining independence in 1991. The main problems related to gender equality, which is one of the issues included in the new political strategies, are women’s poor representation in public administration, early marriages, gender-based violence, women working in lower-paid jobs in the labor force, etc. During the presidency of both the father and son Aliyev, official international conventions on gender equality and women’s rights were signed and official laws were adopted. The issue of gender equality and women’s rights in official decisions of presidents, programs of state institutions and parties, and the effectiveness of these activities will be observed in this article. The official decrees, orders, and statements of the Presidents, statistics and projects of the State Committee for Family, Women and Children Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan, gender statistics of the State Statistical Committee, the program of the ruling New Azerbaijan Party since 1995 and the data of the Milli Majlis will be analyzed as the objects of research addressed to the issues mentioned above.
Shoreline change pattern analysis of Nagapattinam coastal stretch, Tamilnadu, India using digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS)
Authors: Periyasamy Ramki , Ganesan Kannan , Sundar Sajimol , Chokkalingam Lakshumanan , Moorthy Prabhakaran
Published: December 2023

We analysed Nagapattinam coastal zones of southeast coast of India, using Multitemporal satellite images for five equal interval of time period (i.e. 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2021). The EPR and LLR methods enumerate the maximum accretion at rates of 22.35, 17.02 m/year and maximum erosion rates of -22.82, -10.84 m/year at the study area coastal stretch. This modification is due to several disasters (like Tsunami, cyclone) and anthropogenic activities (like construction of harbours, excavation of beach sand, industrialisation of garbage dump, urbanisation and discharge of domestic sewage). The Kalman filter model forecasting the shoreline by using statistical analysis shows 242 and 236 m in 2031 and 2041 accretion and erosion of -239 and -226 m in same period. The accretion was mainly observed in Vedaranyam and Thirupoondi and erosion was observed in Tharangambadi, Nagapattinam Poompuhar, Karaikal and Thirumullaivasal region. The outcome of this research ensures to create awareness to protect our shoreline and manage our coastal zones properly with several remedial measures for the future.
Evaluation of optical multi-spectral satellite data for crop type and land cover identification in Marathwada, India: a disaster management perspective
Authors: Kale Shashikant Rangnathrao , Holambe Raghunath Sambhaji , Chile Rajan Hari
Published: December 2023

This study evaluates the use of optical multi-spectral satellite data for crop type and land cover identification in Marathwada, India, with a specific focus on disaster management. The region is highly susceptible to various disasters including droughts and other climate-related events that significantly impact agricultural productivity. The study involves analyzing both single-date and multi-temporal satellite imagery to develop composite images using different band combinations, aiming to identify the most accurate combination for crop and land cover identification. A multi-class classification approach based on random forest is employed for feature extraction and the significance of different bands in the imagery is assessed. The results demonstrate that a composite image composed of Red, Green, Blue, Near Infrared and Shortwave Infrared bands yields the highest accuracy with an overall accuracy (OA) of up to 93.69% for all land cover classes and 91.18% for crop classes alone, using six-date multi-temporal imagery. The findings highlight the potential of optical multi-spectral satellite data as an effective tool for crop type and land cover identification in Marathwada, India, particularly in the context of disaster i.e. agricultural draught management. The methodologies and results presented in this study can serve as a valuable reference for similar research endeavors in other agricultural draught prone regions of India and beyond.
Hazmat emergency management: Case of Korea
Authors: Ha Kyoo-Man
Published: December 2023

The threat of hazmat has always been situated around Korea, considering that each stakeholder has carried out isolated activity in the field. This study aimed at studying how Korea must enhance its absence of a national framework for the ultimate goal of emergency management. A major methodology was qualitative content analysis by studying the topic of either without a national framework or with a national framework via Governments, industries, NGOs and local residents. The key theme was that Korea would need to fundamentally set up a national framework for hazmat emergency management while timely implementing the issues of all hazards, equity, best practices, competency, education and training. The major contribution of this study was that it studied the topic of Korean hazmat emergency management more comprehensively than previous studies.
Résolution de problèmes : les élèves sont-ils en train d’apprendre ou sont-ils en difficulté ?
Authors: Coppé Sylvie , Daina Audrey
Published: December 2023

De nouveaux Moyens d’Enseignement Romands (MER) de mathématiques sont actuellement introduits au primaire. Nous profitons de ce changement pour comparer le rôle et la place de la résolution de problèmes dans les anciens et nouveaux moyens 3P notamment en mettant en évidence deux entrées différentes pour penser l’enseignement : par les apprentissages en considérant les problèmes avant tout comme une occasion de développer des connaissances ou par les difficultés des élèves et donc par les aides à leur fournir.
Vibroacoustic Therapy in Parkinsonian Patients. A Complementary Approach to Improve Rehabilitation Outcome
Authors:   Spinal Cord Injuries Section, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy, C Dolciotti , R Della Ragione ,   Neuro Care Livorno onlus, Italy, G Gabrielli ,   Neuro Care onlus, Italy, G Stampacchia ,   Spinal Cord Injuries Section, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy, P Bongioanni ,   Spinal Cord Injuries Section, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Italy
Published: December 2023

Background: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder with motor and non-motor symptoms. Rehabilitation represents an adjuvant intervention to pharmacological and surgical therapy. Our study aim was to investigate the effectiveness of the Vibroacoustic Therapy (VAT) according to the Metodo Magic Music combined with conventional Training (Tr) versus Tr alone in improving motor symptoms and postural control in PD patients. Methods: Twenty-four patients with idiopathic PD were enrolled. They were randomly assigned to the Tr-VAT or the Tr group. Total intervention time was 40 min (Tr) and 60 min (Tr-VAT) 3 times a week for 3 months. Both groups carried out at baseline and follow-up clininetric scales and tests to assess clinical outcome. Speed of postural transitions and gait parameters (endurance and comfortable and fast speed) have been measured. Results: Follow-up evaluation showed in PD patients from the Tr-VAT group as compared to those from the Tr group an improvement of postural control assessed with Berg Balance Scale (p = 0.054) and Timed-Up and Go test (TUG) test (p = 0.058). Moreover, significant (p < 0.05) differences between groups were found for comfortable gait speed (p = 0.004) and speed of postural changes - from right side to supine (p = 0.03), from supine to right and left side (p = 0.01), from supine to prone (p = 0.002) and supine to sitting (p = 0.005), respectively. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated the effectiveness of VAT as complementary treatment with conventional rehabilitation approaches, by improving mobility, agility and motor flexibility in PD patients.
Effectiveness of High-Intensity Laser Therapy in Patients with Lateral Epicondylitis on the Level of Disability, Pain, Grip Strength and Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors:   School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, Tang Shun-Kei , Hon Wing-Lam ,   School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, Ip So-Wa ,   School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, Chung Ho-Yin ,   School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, Choi Tiffany Ching-Man ,   School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong
Published: December 2023

The systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of High-Intensity Laser Therapy (HILT) in managing Lateral Epicondylitis (LE). The electronic databases (Pubmed, Europepmc, NCBI-NIH, Medline, Science direct, and google scholar) were searched. Studies that meet the following criteria are included in the review: 1) experimental studies, 2) participants were diagnosed with LE, 3) at least one of the treatment groups included HILT, and 4) at least one research outcome was on level of disability of elbow, level of perceived pain, handgrip strength, or quality of life. The last search was conducted in May 2021. Six studies (n=321) were included in the review. Overall, HILT significantly reduced pain comparing with the active controls (weighted mean difference: -0.65; 95% CI-0.98 to -0.33; p=0). Also, effect of HILT on improving participants’ quality of life in physical domain was significantly better than that of the active controls. (Standardized mean difference: 0.486; 95% CI=0.066 to 0.906; p=0.023). Though all included studies revealed that HILT had a higher therapeutic effect than the comparators in aspects of grip strength and level of disability, no significant difference was detected. These outcomes show a “weak” strength of evidence in quality assessment. In conclusion, although HILT showed a positive impact on LE, the number of studies on HILT was limited and the risk of selection, performance and detection bias was revealed. Therefore, further well-designed studies are warranted
Tetrahydrocannabinol and Dopamine D1 Receptor
Authors: Lee Jiwon
Published: December 2023

Dopamine is a hormone that is released by the adrenal gland and influences motor control and motivation. Dopamine is known to have 5 receptors which are D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5, which are further categorized into 2 families: D1 family and D2 family. The D1 family is known to play a role in motivation and motor control whereas the D2 family is known to affect attention and sleep. THC, a type of cannabinoid, can lead to feelings of euphoria, anxiety, fear, distrust, or panic. THC is known to affect dopamine in regions such as the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and plays a role in fundamental cognitive processes. Although there is a vast amount of research between the relationship of THC on dopamine, there continues to be limited research in relation to THC on dopamine receptors. The D1 receptor plays a role in several essential functions, such as memory, attention, impulse control, regulation of renal function, and locomotion. Accordingly, this review is intended to summarize the relationship between THC and D1 receptors, highlighting key gaps in the literature and avenues for future research.
Efficiency Conceptualization Model: A Theoretical Method for Predicting the Turnover of Catalysts
Authors: Bhattacharyya Himangshu Pratim , Sarma Manabendra
Published: December 2023

In recent times, the theoretical prediction of catalytic efficiency is of utmost urgency. With the advent of density functional theory (DFT), reliable computations are possible that delineate a quantitative aspect of the study. To this state-of-the-art approach, valuable incorporation would be a tool that can acknowledge the efficiency of a catalyst. In the current work, we developed a method, the efficiency conceptualization model (ECM), that utilizes the quantum mechanical tool to achieve efficiency in terms of turnover frequency (TOF). In the current work, ECM will be executed for the twenty-six experimentally designed transition metal (TM) water oxidation catalysts under similar experimental conditions of temperature, pressure, and pH. The computations conclude that the iron (Fe)-based catalysts (MWOC-16, MWOC-17, and MWOC-18) are highly active catalysts and therefore can endure for more time in the catalytic cycle. Our results conclude that the iridium (Ir) based catalysts MWOC-23 and MWOC-24 report the highest computed turnover number, τ_(computed TON )^0 of 5113 and 5612 against the highest experimental TON, τ_(experimental TON) of 2000 and 1200 respectively, whereas MWOC-19 has the lowest computed TON (τ_(computed TON )^0 = 264, τ_(experimental TON) = 16) among the chosen catalysts and thereby is successful in corroborating the previous experimental results.
Electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia in a BPM-MEA system
Authors: Huang Po-Wei , Song Hakhyeon , Yoo Jaeyoung , Chipoco Haro Danae , Lee Hyuck Mo , Medford Andrew , Hatzell Marta
Published: December 2023

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) has garnered increasing attention as a pathway for converting a harmful pollutant (nitrate) into a value-added product (ammonia). Technologies that take advantage of this reaction also allow for a reduction in nitrogen waste accumulation enabling more balance in the global nitrogen cycle. However, high selectivity toward ammonia (NH3) is imperative for process viability. Recent studies suggest that proton plays a role in achieving high NH3 production; yet, systematic examination of the impact of proton on NO3RR selectivity is not widely conducted due to the lack of effective control over proton availability during electrolysis. Here, we employed a bipolar membrane (BPM)-based membrane electrode assembly (MEA) system to investigate the influence of protons on the selectivity of NO3RR. The BPM generates a robust proton flux during electrocatalytic reactions, making it a suitable candidate for investigating the proton effects on NO3RR. We employed the interposer layer (mixed cellulose ester membrane filter) and proton scavenger (CO32-) as an approach to control the proton flux. Furthermore, we redesigned the configuration of BPM-based MEA cells, allowing us to regulate the mass transfer of the reactants (e.g. proton and nitrate), creating local environments that favor ammonia formation. We find that a moderate proton supply allowed for an increase in ammonia yield by 576% when compared to the standard membrane electrode assembly, and a high selectivity of 26 (NH3 over NO2-) was achieved at an applied current density of 200 mA cm-2 with electrolyte mirrors that found in wastewater. Our work introduces a novel approach to address the selectivity of NO3RR from the perspective of cell design and the findings lay the groundwork for a deeper understanding of the influence of proton on selective NH3 synthesis from nitrate.
Attention towards chemistry agnostic and explainable battery lifetime prediction
Authors: Rahmanian Fuzhan , Lee Robert M. , Linzner Dominik , Michel Kathrin , Merker Leon , Berkes Balazs B. , Nuss Leah , Stein Helge Sören
Published: December 2023

Predicting and monitoring battery life early and across chemistries is a significant challenge due to the plethora of degradation paths, form factors, and electrochemical testing protocols. Existing models typically translate poorly across different electrode, electrolyte, and additive materials, mostly require a fixed number of cycles, and are limited to a single discharge protocol. Here, an attention based recurrent algorithm for neural analysis (ARCANA) architecture is developed and trained on a unique, ultra-large, proprietary dataset from BASF and a large Li-ion dataset gathered from literature across the globe. ARCANA generalizes well across this diverse set of chemistries, electrolyte formulations, battery designs, and cycling protocols and thus allows for universal extraction of data-driven knowledge of the degradation mechanisms. The model’s adaptability is further demonstrated through fine-tuning on Na-ion batteries. ARCANA advances the frontier of large-scale time series models in analytical chemistry beyond textual data and holds the potential to significantly accelerate discovery-oriented battery research endeavors.
Statistical analysis of structural disorder in crystalline materials
Authors: Patyukova Elena , Collins Chris , Dyer Matthew , Antypov Dmytro , Gusev Vladimir , Claridge John , Rosseinsky Matthew
Published: December 2023

It is an interesting fact that approximately 50% of entries in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD) exhibit some form of structural disorder. While ordered crystalline materials have been extensively researched, disordered materials remain less understood in terms of their stability and structure-property relationships. A deeper comprehension of structural disorder would allow using it as a tool for designing novel materials with tailored properties. This work aims to provide a thorough analysis of structurally disordered materials within the ICSD, leveraging data extracted from cif files. To achieve this, we derive a new classification of structurally disordered crystalline materials which allows us to introduce a range of qualitative and quantitative measures of structural disorder. In particular, compared to the previous studies, we derive a more accurate and more complete set of expressions for calculating the mixing and configurational entropy from cif files. We also perform statistical analysis of the disordered compounds reported in the ICSD to identify general trends in disorder distribution among different classes of materials.
Functionalized polyamine synthesis with photoredox catalysis
Authors: Makihara Yuta , Maeda Bumpei , Akiyoshi Ryohei , Tanaka Daisuke , Murakami Kei
Published: December 2023

Polyamines, such as putrescine and spermidine, are pivotal in various biological processes across living organisms. Despite their significance, structurally modified polyamines offer a less-explored avenue for discovering bioactive compounds. The limitation is attributed to the synthetic difficulty of accessing functionalized polyamines. In this study, we accomplished photoredox-catalyzed functionalization of polyamines to diversify their structure. The rapid functionalization allows attaching fluorophores to the target polyamine, facilitating the development of molecular probes for advancing chemical biology studies.
Light-activated synthetic rotary motors in lipid membranes induce shape changes through membrane expansion
Authors: Qutbuddin Yusuf , Guinart Ainoa , Gavrilovic Svetozar , Al Nahas Kareem , L. Feringa Ben , Schwille Petra
Published: December 2023

In biology, membranes are the key structures to separate and spatially organize cellular reaction systems. Their rich dynamics and transformations during the cell cycle are orchestrated by specific membrane-targeted molecular machineries many of which operate through energy dissipation. Likewise, man-made molecular rotary motors powered by light have previously shown drastic effects on cellular systems, but their physical roles on and within lipid membranes remain largely unexplored. Here we systematically investigate the impact of rotary molecular motors on well-defined biological membrane systems, focusing on supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). Notably, we observe dramatic mechanical transformations of these systems upon motor irradiation, indicative of motor-induced membrane expansion. We systematically explore the influence of several factors on this phenomenon, such as motor concentration and membrane composition, and find that in particular, membrane fluidity plays a crucial role in motor-induced deformations. At the same time, only minor contributions from local heating and singlet oxygen generation are observed. Most remarkably, we find that membrane area expansion under the influence of the motors continues as long as irradiation is maintained, and the system stays out-of-equilibrium. Overall, this research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of how molecular motors interact with biological membranes, elucidating the multifaceted factors that govern membrane responses and shape transitions in the presence of these remarkable molecular machines, thereby supporting their future applications in chemical biology.
Anatomical Variations in Fissure of the Lung on Computed Tomography
Authors: EMEKLİ Emre , YILDIRIM Mesut
Published: December 2023

Objective: Lung fissures embryologically separate the bronchopulmonary segments from each other. We aimed to detect anatomical variations in fissures in patients who underwent thoracic computed tomography (CT).
Materials and Methods: All the patients underwent a thoracic CT examination between July 1 - July 15, 2022. The patients’ gender, lung fissures continuity, accessory fissures presence, and variation side were recorded. The frequency of fissures was compared between the genders using the chi-square test.
Results: The study included a total of 352 patients (211 men, 141 women). A total of 105 variations were detected in 95/352 (26.99%) of the patients, 61/211 (28.91%) were male, 34/141 (24.11%) were female. The right oblique fissure was incomplete in nine (2.6%), and the right horizontal fissure was incomplete in 14 (4%) patients and absent in 14 (4%). The left oblique fissure was observed to be incomplete in 16 (4.5%) patients. A total of 52 (14.8%) accessory fissures were detected.
Conclusion: In the literature, a wide variety of fissure variations have been reported. Due to this diversity, having good knowledge of the fissure anatomical architecture is essential when performing surgical procedures and interpreting radiological images to clinically identify the location of bronchopulmonary segments.
The Relationship Between Disordered Eating Attitudes, Nutritional Knowledge Levels, and Overweight and Obesity Among University Students: A Single-Center Study in Türkiye
Authors: ÇELEBİ İsmet , KOÇAK Hüseyin , ÇALIŞKAN Cüneyt
Published: December 2023

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between irregular eating attitudes and nutritional knowledge levels and obesity and overweight of university students studying at a university in Türkiye.
Materials and Methods: A three-part survey, consisting of socio-demographic information, the Eating Attitude Test-26, and the Nutrition Knowledge Scale, was applied. After the survey, the height and weight of all participants were measured. It was aimed to reach all students, but the survey form was applied to 628 students in total.
Results: The male students had higher average weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) values than the female students. The Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26) score was significantly higher in the female students. The study showed that among the male students who were overweight and obese in terms of BMI, the probability of exceeding the EAT-26 cut-off limit was 4.25 times higher (OR=4.25 [1.38-7.33], p<0.001). Among the female students who were overweight and obese in terms of BMI, the probability of exceeding the EAT-26 cut-off limit was 3.92 times higher (OR=3.92 [2.44-8.04], p<0.001).
Conclusions: Disordered eating attitudes and poor nutritional knowledge levels were more common among those students who were overweight or obese.
Investigation of Protein Expressions of PLA2G7, UCP2 and NEDD4L Genes Associated with Fat Droplet Formation in Prostate Cancer
Authors: ATAKOL Deniz , ÖZENSOY GÜLER Özen , TERZİ Emine , YILMAZ Hümeyra , ERCİN Mustafa Emre , ŞİMŞEK Ender
Published: December 2023

Objective: Prostate cancer (PCa) is characterised by dysregulated lipid metabolism. PCa cells store lipids as lipid droplets and use them to facilitate proliferation and growth. In this study, we aim to investigate the expression levels of PLA2G7, UCP2 and NEDD4L proteins, which are involved in lipid droplet metabolism, in PC3 (advanced metastatic) and DU145 (intermediate metastatic) PCa cells.
Materials and Methods: DU145 and PC3 cells were cultured in a high-glucose DMEM medium containing 10% FBS, 1% penicillin-streptomycin, and 1% non-essential amino acid. The expression levels of PLA2G7, UCP2, and NEDD4L protein were assessed with ELISA assay.
Results: There was no significant difference in the protein level of PLA2G7 between the PC3 and DU145 cells (p>0.05), while the protein level of UCP2 increased in the PC3 cell line significantly (p<0.05). The protein level of NEDD4L decreased significantly in the DU145 cell line when compared to the PC3 cell line (p<0.05).
Conclusions: As a result of this study, the UCP2 gene might play a role in the progression of prostate cancer, and there could be a relationship between NEDD4L and cell proliferation control.
Patients’ Perceptions of the Increase in Severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: KÖROĞLU Sevgi , ŞEN TEPE Çiğdem , DURAT Gülgün
Published: December 2023

Objective: This study aimed to examine how patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder perceived changes in their symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and what factors influenced those changes.
Materials and Methods: The sample of the study consists of 262 individuals diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive who were reached through social media between 08.04.2021 and 08.10.2021. A descriptive information form and a 41-item questionnaire based on the Padua Inventory were used to collect the data.
Results: During the pandemic, anxiety about not being able to access cleaning products and doctors/therapists was high in the patients who reported a rise in disease symptoms. During the pandemic, 79% of the sample reported an increase in symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Conclusion: It is essential to conduct regular screenings of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder by the psychiatric nurses in the rehabilitation services team. These patients should be encouraged to express their concerns, and any psychological stress or distress should be identified. When necessary, patients should be referred to secondary care services for further assistance.
Neurochemical Effects of the Adipokinetic Hormone/Red Pigment Concentrating Hormone Family of Peptides in MK-801-Induced Schizophrenia Rat Model
Authors: BAŞARIR BOZKURT Şeyma Nur , MUTLU Oguz , BERMEJO RODRİGUEZ Daniel , KACER David , TANYERİ Pelin , COBANTÜRK Pınar , VALES Karel
Published: December 2023

Objective: Adipokinetic hormone (AKH) plays a role in sugar and lipid metabolism in insects. Previous studies of AKH showed memory improvements in a schizophrenia rat model that displayed memory impairment and reduced depression in a rat olfactory bulbectomy model. In this study, we investigated the effects of the adipokinetic hormone/red pigment-concentrating hormone (AKH/RPCH) family of peptides on brain neurotransmitter levels and brain neurochemistry in a schizophrenia rat model.
Materials and Methods: We administered AKH/RPCH peptides for 4 days sub-chronically, both in naive rats and also in the MK-801-induced schizophrenia rat model. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry apparatus was used for targeted and untargeted analysis of rat neurochemistry.
Results: Increased brain glutamate levels characteristic of MK-801 peptide-treated rats were significantly reduced by AKH. Furthermore, AKH also increased brain dopamine levels in both naive and MK-801 rats. Metabolomic studies have shown that AKH affects lipid and glutamate metabolism, while hypertrehalosaemic hormone plays a role in sugar metabolism and inflammation.
Conclusion: According to our results, AKH might affect dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems and reverse the effects of MK-801, possibly affecting NMDA receptors.
Aproximaciones al estado actual de las micro y pequeñas empresas del sector turismo desde el análisis de cuatro dimensiones propuestas para un modelo de gestión inteligente y sostenible: caso Sabana Centro
Authors: Flórez Espinal Luz Deicy , Gutiérrez Castaño Olga Liliana , Gálvez Sabogal Jeane Fernanda
Published: December 2023

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el contexto social y económico actual de las mipymes que forman parte de la cadena turística, en función de su capacidad de desarrollo y sostenibilidad en el mercado a partir de cuatro dimensiones: gestión contable, gestión de proyectos y de cooperación, gestión de marketing digital y gestión de talento humano y habilidades blandas emprendedoras, como parte de un estudio para el diseño de un modelo de formación base para los emprendedores turísticos. Este se aplicó en municipios de Sabana Centro y del Sumapaz, cuyos resultados se obtuvieron a partir de una muestra intencionada de 64 mipymes de la cadena turística, localizadas en  dichas provincias del departamento de Cundinamarca. Se aplicó una metodología tipo exploratoria, con enfoque descriptivo, apoyada en la investigación acción participativa de los actores de la cadena. En los resultados obtenidos, se evidenció la persistente brecha digital en el sector productivo, así como la falta de una sólida cultura organizacional que contribuya de manera efectiva al rendimiento empresarial. Se destaca especialmente la desconexión existente entre los empresarios y el manejo de los acontecimientos económicos a través de la contabilidad, revelando una carencia en la toma de decisiones basada en la realidad económica debido a la ausencia de instrumentos contables como guías para la planificación y gestión de riesgos económicos. Este distanciamiento se traduce en una limitada gestión para la distribución del riesgo de inversión por parte de los propietarios, quienes enfrentan dificultades significativas en la formulación de proyectos. Esta dificultad, a su vez, repercute en la falta de acceso a financiamiento mixto o a alianzas público-privadas, lo que representa una oportunidad desaprovechada para fortalecer y potenciar los negocios empresariales