bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exact Formulation of the Transverse Dynamic Spin Susceptibility as an Initial-Value Problem
Authors: Schindlmayr Arno
Published: January 2018

The transverse dynamic spin susceptibility is a correlation function that yields exact information about spin excitations in systems with a collinear magnetic ground state, including collective spin-wave modes. In an ab initio context, it may be calculated within many-body perturbation theory or time-dependent density-functional theory, but the quantitative accuracy is currently limited by the available functionals for exchange and correlation in dynamically evolving systems. To circumvent this limitation, the spin susceptibility is here alternatively formulated as the solution of an initial-value problem. In this way, the challenge of accurately describing exchange and correlation in many-electron systems is shifted to the stationary initial state, which is much better understood. The proposed scheme further requires the choice of an auxiliary basis set, which determines the speed of convergence but always allows systematic convergence in practical implementations.
Lateral Torsional Buckling of Steel Beams under Transverse Impact Loading
Authors: Zhang Wenna , Liu Feng , Xi Feng
Published: January 2018

This study employs experiments and numerical simulation to analyze the dynamic response of steel beams under huge‐mass impact. Results show that lateral torsional buckling (LTB) occurs for a narrow rectangular cross‐section steel beam under transverse impact. The experiments were simulated using LS‐DYNA. The numerical simulation is in good agreement with experimental results, thus indicating that the LTB phenomenon is the real tendency of steel beams under impact. Meanwhile, the study shows that LS‐DYNA can readily predict the LTB of steel beams. A numerical simulation on the dynamic response of H‐shaped cross‐section steel beams under huge‐mass impact is conducted to determine the LTB behavior. The phenomenon of dynamic LTB is illustrated by displacement, strain, and deformation of H‐shaped steel beams. Thereafter, a parametric study is conducted to investigate the effects of initial impact velocity and momentum on LTB. The LTB of H‐shaped cross‐section steel beams under transverse impact is primarily dependent on the level of impact kinetic energy, whereas impact momentum has a minor effect on LTB mode.
Case-Control Study on Occupational Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields and the Association with Meningioma
Authors: Carlberg Michael , Koppel Tarmo , Ahonen Mikko , Hardell Lennart
Published: January 2018

Objective. Exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) was in 2002 classified as a possible human carcinogen, Group 2B, by the International Agency for Research on Cancer at WHO based on an increased risk for childhood leukemia. In case-control studies on brain tumors during 1997–2003 and 2007–2009 we assessed lifetime occupations in addition to exposure to different agents. The INTEROCC ELF-EMF Job-Exposure Matrix was used for associating occupations with ELF-EMF exposure (μT) with meningioma. Cumulative exposure (μT-years), average exposure (μT), and maximum exposed job (μT) were calculated. Results. No increased risk for meningioma was found in any category. For cumulative exposure in the highest exposure category 8.52+ μT years odds ratio (OR) = 0.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.7–1.2, and p linear trend = 0.45 were calculated. No statistically significant risks were found in different time windows. Conclusion. In conclusion occupational ELF-EMF was not associated with an increased risk for meningioma.
Cross-Study of Malaria Prevalence in History, Bed Net Utilization, and Knowledge about the Disease among Tanzanian College Students
Authors: Nyahoga Yakobo , Bochkaeva Zanda
Published: January 2018

University campuses are potential reservoirs of infectious diseases, but they are not in the research focus. It is obvious that the use of malaria preventive tools is extremely necessary in campus conditions in endemic countries. This study is the first malaria survey, conducted in a student campus in Tanzania. This cross-sectional study uncovered a surprisingly high prevalence of malaria history among students: 89,4% of 246 random respondents assume that they had malaria in history, among whom 145 (58,9%) suffered from the disease during the last year. And although students are relatively confident about the vector, parasite, and prevention measures of the disease, only 44,7% of the students use bed nets and 4,5% use a body spray or ointment daily. The others seldom use spray or ointment or do not care about the problem at all. This situation was found to be associated with two factors, financial and educational. Current results show that students are relatively educated on malaria, but they do not follow the malaria prevention guidance. It has become clear that at least proper informational propaganda of bed net use is required in Tanzanian university campuses.
Ultrasound-Guided Interscalene Catheter Complicated by Persistent Phrenic Nerve Palsy
Authors: Koogler Andrew T. , Kushelev Michael
Published: January 2018

A 76-year-old male presented for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) in the beach chair position. A preoperative interscalene nerve catheter was placed under direct ultrasound-guidance utilizing a posterior in-plane approach. On POD 2, the catheter was removed. Three weeks postoperatively, the patient reported worsening dyspnea with a subsequent chest X-ray demonstrating an elevated right hemidiaphragm. Pulmonary function testing revealed worsening deficit from presurgical values consistent with phrenic nerve palsy. The patient decided to continue conservative management and declined further invasive testing or treatment. He was followed for one year postoperatively with moderate improvement of his exertional dyspnea over that period of time. The close proximity of the phrenic nerve to the brachial plexus in combination with its frequent anatomical variation can lead to unintentional mechanical trauma, intraneural injection, or chemical injury during performance of ISB. The only previously identified risk factor for PPNP is cervical degenerative disc disease. Although PPNP has been reported following TSA in the beach chair position without the presence of a nerve block, it is typically presumed as a complication of the interscalene block. Previously published case reports and case series of PPNP complicating ISBs all describe nerve blocks performed with either paresthesia technique or localization with nerve stimulation. We report a case of a patient experiencing PPNP following an ultrasound-guided placement of an interscalene nerve catheter.
Un Nobel para el tiempo biológico
Authors: Golombek Diego
Published: January 2018

El premio Nobel en Fisiología o Medicina de 2017 fue otorgado a tres investigadores norteamericanos pioneros en el descubrimiento del mecanismo de los ritmos circadianos. Ya era hora… y es una excelente excusa para destacar la importancia de la Cronobiología – la ciencia que estudia los ritmos y relojes biológicos - tanto en la vida cotidiana en general como en las ciencias médicas en particular.
Las profesiones de la salud y la petición de un aborto
Authors: Besio Rollero Mauricio
Published: January 2018

Al aprobarse en Chile una ley que permite el aborto en algunas circunstancias y frente a la posibilidad de que en el futuro existan leyes aún más permisivas, surge la necesidad de reflexionar sobre la actitud que debe tener una institución como la nuestra que forma a profesionales de la salud. Tenemos que tener claridad en que nuestra oposición al aborto no es por razones religiosas ni otras particularísimas. Nos oponemos a realizar esas intervenciones porque ellas vulneran principios y valores propios de la profesión médica. Tenemos en una mujer embarazada a dos pacientes, y la medicina siempre debe respetarles la vida y otorgarles los cuidados de su salud. Debemos enseñar a nuestros alumnos a cuidar y acoger a todos nuestros pacientes como siempre lo hemos hecho.
The Influence of Behavioural and Sociodemographic Risk Indicators on Erosive Tooth Wear in Flemish Adolescents, Belgium
Authors: Marro Francisca , Jacquet Wolfgang , Bottenberg Peter , Martens Luc
Published: January 2018

Although Belgium has recently been ranked as the second highest consumer of soft drinks in Europe, no data on erosive tooth wear (ETW) are currently available. Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk indicators of ETW in adolescents residing in the region of Flanders, Belgium. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from different types of Belgian schools: general and vocational/technical education. Three calibrated dentists performed the dental examinations and a self-reported questionnaire was applied to evaluate risk indicators related with ETW. ETW was classified using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index, and the overall prevalence was calculated using BEWE sum >0. The Kruskal-Wallis test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate frequencies and risk associations. From a total of 613 recruited adolescents (mean age: 15.1 years, SD: 0.8), 48.6% presented at least one affected tooth surface by ETW (BEWE sum >0), 14.4% (n = 88) scored BEWE sum >2, and the highest score obtained was BEWE sum = 8. Two predictive variables were found to have an association with ETW: vocational/technical type of education (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.03-2.13) and frequent consumption of soft drinks (OR: 2.08; 95% CI: 1.38-3.14). In conclusion, ETW is a common condition presented with low severity among Flemish adolescents. Additionally, the frequent consumption of soft drinks and being part of a vocational/technical education appear to be risk indicators for ETW in this population. The latter indicates the need for specific orientated oral health promotion programmes for the prevention of ETW in Flemish adolescents.
Human Malformation Syndromes of Defective GLI: Opposite Phenotypes of 2q14.2 (GLI2) and 7p14.2 (GLI3) Microdeletions and a GLIA/R Balance Model
Authors: Niida Yo , Inoue Mika , Ozaki Mamoru , Takase Etsuko
Published: January 2018

GLI family zinc finger proteins are transcriptional effectors of the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. GLI regulates gene expression and repression at various phases of embryonic morphogenesis. In humans, 4 GLI genes are known, and GLI2 (2q14.2) and GLI3 (7p14.1) mutations cause different syndromes. Here, we present 2 distinctive cases with a chromosomal microdeletion in one of these genes. Patient 1 is a 14-year-old girl with Culler-Jones syndrome. She manifested short stature, cleft palate, and mild intellectual/social disability caused by a 6.6-Mb deletion of 2q14.1q14.3. Patient 2 is a 2-year-old girl with Greig cephalopolysyndactyly contiguous gene deletion syndrome. She manifested macrocephaly, preaxial polysyndactyly, psychomotor developmental delay, cerebral cavernous malformations, and glucose intolerance due to a 6.2-Mb deletion of 7p14.1p12.3 which included GLI3, GCK, and CCM2. Each patient manifests a different phenotype which is associated with different functions of each GLI gene and different effects of the chromosomal contiguous gene deletion. We summarize the phenotypic extent of GLI2/3 syndromes in the literature and determine that these 2 syndromes manifest opposite features to a certain extent, such as midface hypoplasia or macrocephaly, and anterior or posterior side of polydactyly. We propose a GLIA/R balance model that may explain these findings.
Acrodermatitis Continua of Hallopeau with Bone Resorption in an 8-Year-Old Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Alorainy May , Alshaya Mohammed , Al-Rikabi Ammar , Ayesh Mohammed , Alsaif Fahad
Published: January 2018

Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (ACH) is an uncommon inflammatory disease manifesting as sterile pustular eruption of the fingers and toes. The disease is of a chronic relapsing nature and is often refractory to treatment. With longstanding disease, osteitis with consequent bone resorption of the underlying phalanges can occur, leading to disability. While the incidence of ACH is rare in children, complications like osteolysis have not been reported previously in this age group. In this paper, we report the case of an 8-year-old boy with severe ACH complicated by bone resorption.
Clinical Practice Impact of the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale in a European Country
Authors: Massinha Paulo , Almeida Nuno , Cunha Inês , Tomé Luís
Published: January 2018

Introduction: The diagnostic acuity of colonoscopy requires a careful evaluation of the colonic mucosa, so an adequate bowel cleansing is a key element of the procedure. It is internationally recommended that an evaluation of the quality of the intestinal preparation should be included in the colonoscopy report. The Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) is a bowel cleanliness rating scale that has gained some preponderance in this context. However, its application implies some degree of subjective appreciation, and it is important to conduct interobserver reproducibility studies in different contexts. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the reliability of the BBPS in the Portuguese gastroenterological community. Methods: A prospective study involving Portuguese gastroenterologists with clinical practice in several contexts, and using different methods of evaluation of the intestinal preparation. Participants were invited to answer a questionnaire encompassing 93 static images and 12 video segments of colonoscopy examinations, with different levels of intestinal preparation. For each item, the participant gastroenterologist assigned a score of 0-3, according to the BBPS criteria. A statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 20.0 software, using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: From 45 invited gastroenterologists, 36 replied (mean age 39 ± 9 years). Fifteen (41%) had more than 10 years of colonoscopy experience and 20 (56%) performed more than 40 examinations per month. Twenty-seven (77%) usually used the BBPS in their daily practice. Statistical analysis revealed a strong interobserver correlation (ICC = 0.783) in the application of the BBPS, even in those gastroenterologists who did not use the scale in their daily routine (ICC = 0.775) and those with less years of experience (ICC = 0.820). The correlation in the videos was slightly lower than that observed in the static images (ICC = 0.74 vs. ICC = 0.78). Conclusion: The application of the BBPS in the Portuguese gastroenterology community is reproducible and can represent a way to harmonize the colonoscopy reports, contributing to its correct interpretation and subsequent patient orientation.
Impact of Auditory Integrative Training on Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Its Effect on Behavioral and Social Emotions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Al-Ayadhi Laila , Alhowikan Abdulrahman Mohammed , Halepoto Dost Muhammad
Published: January 2018

Objective: To explore the impact of auditory integrative training (AIT) on the inflammatory biomarker transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and to assess its effect on social behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Subjects and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 15 patients (14 males and 1 female) with ASD aged 3-12 years were recruited. All were screened for autism using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Plasma levels of TGF-β1 were measured in all patients using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) immediately and 1 and 3 months after the AIT sessions. Pre- and post-AIT behavioral scores were also calculated for each child using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), and the Short Sensory Profile (SSP). Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 21.0 for Windows). Results: Plasma levels of TGF-β1 significantly increased to 85% immediately after AIT (20.13 ± 12 ng/mL, p < 0.05), to 95% 1 month after AIT (21.2 ± 11 ng/mL, p < 0.01), and to 105% 3 months after AIT (22.25 ± 16 ng/mL, p < 0.01) compared to before AIT (10.85 ± 8 ng/mL). Results also revealed that behavioral rating scales (CARS, SRS, and SSP) improved in terms of disease severity after AIT. Conclusion: Increased plasma levels of TGF-β1 support the therapeutic effect of AIT on TGF-β1 followed by improvement in social awareness, social cognition, and social communication in children with ASD. Furthermore, TGF-β1 was associated with severity in all scores tested (CARS, SRS, and SSP); if confirmed in studies with larger sample sizes, TGF-β1 may be considered as a marker of ASD severity and to assess the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.
Tache Noire in a Patient with Acute Q Fever
Authors: Fiore Vito , Mancini Fabiola , Ciervo Alessandra , Bagella Paola , Peruzzu Francesca , Nunnari Giuseppe , Deiana Giovanni Andrea , Rezza Giovanni , Babudieri Sergio , Madeddu Giordano
Published: January 2018

Objective: To describe a rare case of acute Q fever with tache noire. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 51-year-old man experienced acute Q fever showing tache noire, generally considered a pathognomonic sign of Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) and MSF-like illness, but not a clinical feature of Q fever. The patient was treated with doxycycline 100 mg every 12 h. Conclusion: In the Mediterranean area, tache noire should be considered pathognomonic of MSF but it should not rule out Q fever. Clinical diagnosis should be supported by accurate laboratory diagnostic tests to guide proper management.
Kidney Transplantation in a Patient Lacking Cytosolic Phospholipase A
2
Proves Renal Origins of Urinary PGI-M and TX-M
Authors: Mitchell Jane A. , Knowles Rebecca B. , Kirkby Nicholas S. , Reed Daniel M. , Edin Matthew L. , White William E. , Chan Melissa V. , Longhurst Hilary , Yaqoob Magdi M. , Milne Ginger L. , Zeldin Darryl C. , Warner Timothy D.
Published: January 2018

Rationale:

The balance between vascular prostacyclin, which is antithrombotic, and platelet thromboxane A
2
, which is prothrombotic, is fundamental to cardiovascular health. Prostacyclin and thromboxane A
2
are formed after the concerted actions of cPLA
2
α (cytosolic phospholipase A
2
) and COX (cyclooxygenase). Urinary 2,3-dinor-6-keto-PGF
1α
(PGI-M) and 11-dehydro-TXB
2
(TX-M) have been taken as biomarkers of prostacyclin and thromboxane A
2
formation within the circulation and used to explain COX biology and patient phenotypes, despite concerns that urinary PGI-M and TX-M originate in the kidney.

Objective:

We report data from a remarkable patient carrying an extremely rare genetic mutation in cPLA
2
α, causing almost complete loss of prostacyclin and thromboxane A
2
, who was transplanted with a normal kidney resulting in an experimental scenario of whole-body cPLA
2
α knockout, kidney-specific knockin. By studying this patient, we can determine definitively the contribution of the kidney to the productions of PGI-M and TX-M and test their validity as markers of prostacyclin and thromboxane A
2
in the circulation.

Methods and Results:

Metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Endothelial cells were grown from blood progenitors. Before kidney transplantation, the patient’s endothelial cells and platelets released negligible levels of prostacyclin (measured as 6-keto-prostaglandin F
1α
) and thromboxane A
2
(measured as TXB
2
), respectively. Likewise, the urinary levels of PGI-M and TX-M were very low. After transplantation and the establishment of normal renal function, the levels of PGI-M and TX-M in the patient’s urine rose to within normal ranges, whereas endothelial production of prostacyclin and platelet production of thromboxane A
2
remained negligible.

Conclusions:

These data show that PGI-M and TX-M can be derived exclusively from the kidney without contribution from prostacyclin made by endothelial cells or thromboxane A
2
by platelets in the general circulation. Previous work relying on urinary metabolites of prostacyclin and thromboxane A
2
as markers of whole-body endothelial and platelet function now requires reevaluation.
Religionist Rebels & the Sovereignty of the Divine
Authors: Fazal Tanisha M.
Published: January 2018

Existing categorizations of rebel groups have difficulty classifying some of today's most vexing rebels–those, such as the Islamic State, that reject the Westphalian state system and depend on an almost entirely religious justification for their cause. Such rebel groups often have unlimited war aims and are unwilling to negotiate with the states whose sovereignty they challenge. In this essay, I present the new category of “religionist rebels.” I show that religionist rebels have been present throughout the history of the state system, and explore the particular challenges they pose in the civil war context. Religionist rebels are often brutal in their methods and prosecute wars that are especially difficult to end. But the nature of religionist rebellion also suggests natural limits. Thus, religionist rebels do not, ultimately, present a long-term threat to the state system.
Sovereignty Strategies: Enhancing Core Governance Functions as a Postconflict & Conflict-Prevention Measure
Authors: Lockhart Clare
Published: January 2018

This essay contrasts the two extremes used to address civil wars and weak states: costly and ill-designed interventions (Approach A) or minimalist approaches in which international actors either stay away or engage only to broker a deal or depose a dictator, but fail to build institutions and consolidate peace afterward (Approach C). This essay posits an alternative, a sovereignty strategy (Approach B), which would see core functions established in a sequence carefully tailored to context and delivered through partnerships between state, market, and civic actors over a period of decades. It analyzes whether a sovereignty strategy could be both feasible and affordable as an alternative to Approach A or C, whose costs are also very real, taking into account the costs and benefits of each option.
Limited Statehood Does Not Equal Civil War
Authors: Risse Thomas , Stollenwerk Eric
Published: January 2018

Limited statehood is frequently depicted as a major cause for civil war and violent conflict. Consequently, state-building efforts are often considered to be an effective tool for the prevention of civil war and violent conflict. This essay argues, however, that this assumption is misguided in several respects. First, at present and historically, areas of limited statehood are the global default rather than the exception. Thus, efforts to eliminate limited statehood would likely be unsuccessful. Second, limited statehood does not equal civil war and violence. In fact, only a small fraction of areas of limited statehood are affected by civil war. Third, a too-narrow focus on state-building may be counterproductive, as it may foster ineffective or even predatory state institutions. Such a focus also ignores the plurality of governance actors beyond the state that are relevant for effective governance–such as service provision and rule-making–in areas of limited statehood. Therefore, external actors like international organizations and foreign powers should contribute to governance-building rather than state-building, with a focus on service provision and rule-making institutions with a broader scope than the state.
Syria & the CNN Effect: What Role Does the Media Play in Policy-Making?
Authors: Doucet Lyse
Published: January 2018

Syria's devastating war unfolds during unprecedented flows of imagery on social media, testing in new ways the media's influence on decision-makers. Three decades ago, the concept of a “CNN Effect” was coined to explain what was seen as the power of real-time television reporting to drive responses to humanitarian crises. This essay explores the role traditional and new media played in U.S. policy-making during Syria's crisis, including two major poison gas attacks. President Obama stepped back from the targeted air strikes later launched by President Trump after grisly images emerged on social media. But Trump's limited action did not shift policy. Interviews with Obama's senior advisors underline that the media do not drive strategy, but they play a significant role. During the Syrian crisis, the media formed part of what officials describe as constant pressure from many actors to respond, which they say led to policy failures. Syria's conflict is a cautionary tale.
Design, Death, and Energy
Authors: Michael Mike
Published: January 2018

The article examines two works by the design partnership, Augur–Loizeau: the Afterlife project and the Carnivorous Domestic Entertainment Robots project. Understood as critical and speculative designs, these artifacts are used to reveal some of the prevailing differences in western conceptions of human and nonhuman death. Each of these designs raises “interesting questions” about, for example, the relationship between energy scarcity and entertainment, or the difference between human organ donation and human energy donation. In addition, the article examines how, taken together, these designs reproduce and reinforce western understandings of the differences between human subjects and animal objects. The article argues that the comparison between—and especially the “crossing over” of elements of—the Afterlife project and Carnivorous Domestic Entertainment Robots heuristically can facilitate speculation on the blurring and transformation of human/animal divides. In the process, it offers a number of speculations that draw on, link into, and affect social scientific accounts of post-humanism and neoliberalism.
The New Civic–Sacred: Designing for Life and Death in the Modern Metropolis
Authors: Rothstein Karla
Published: January 2018

The environmental and social imperatives of twenty-first century cities require a rethinking of mortuary practices. Cemeteries across the globe are nearing capacity, and the number of deaths annually in the United States is increasing as the post-World War II generation ages. Despite their depletive and harmful environmental effects, casketed burial, cremation, and embalming have informed perceptions and policies, truncating access to alternatives. Although today's increasingly secular urban populations, for whom the health of the planet is paramount, are disconnected from “traditional” funerary rites, the importance of transitional mortal ritual endures. Through two design projects—one in an existing Victorian cemetery in Bristol, England, and the other augmenting iconic public infrastructure in New York City—this article argues for the potential of new disposition methods and enhanced public space. Countering the conventional dissociation of cemeteries from daily life, these new spaces of remembrance connect with the vitality of the city to promote intergenerational associations to family, culture, and environmental stewardship.
Designing for Dementia: Iterative Grief and Transitional Objects
Authors: Kenning Gail , Treadaway Cathy
Published: January 2018

Designers increasingly are exploring how to support individuals transitioning through loss and grief and coming to terms with a loved one's death. For people living with dementia and their families, the loss and grief they experience is iterative and ongoing. This paper discusses design research to make sensory textile objects for people with advanced dementia, intended to support positive well-being, shared experiences, and “in the moment” pleasure. It draws on theories relating to transitional and transformational objects to show how these textiles support those living with dementia as they transition into greater dependency and move toward the end of life. It shows how, after their death, the objects become memorials and symbolic representations, further supporting family members through their experience of loss.
Greek Periods in the Book of Hebrews
Authors: Baugh S.M.
Published: January 2018

It is typical for students of the book of Hebrews to comment on its long, complex sentences or “periods” as evidence of the author’s literary and rhetorical skills. This essay surveys ancient and modern views on the Greek period and finds that they are typically shorter, antithetical or “rounded” statements which may or may not coincide with a grammatical sentence. Example periods in Hebrews are then discussed along with observations on other, supporting literary features of the epistle in those places where the author occasionally employs a periodic style.
You Cannot Be in Love with a Word: Theologies of Embodiment in Dreyer's "The Passion of Joan of Arc", Axel's "Babette's Feast" and von Trier's "Breaking the Waves"
Authors: Birzache Alina
Published: January 2018

My article investigates the representation and significance of the suffering female body in three films by Danish male directors operating in a religious framework: Dreyer’s The Passion of Joan of Arc (1928), Axel’s Babette’s Feast (1987) and von Trier’s Breaking the Waves (1996). In these films the visual level complements the narrative level in order to accentuate the heroines’ physical suffering, often in a manner which is particularly poignant. More specifically, my analysis will point out the ways in which the body is brought into the foreground in each film and valorised against the backdrop of a confrontation between the body as pathos and the word as logos.

Dreyer’s images and close-ups use the potentialities of the body to suggest the spiritual chasm between Joan of Arc and her judges. Moreover, the opposition between Joan and the theologians is also rendered in terms of the opposition between the oral and the written word, from which she is excluded. Hers is the embodied word and the passion; the subjective experience of embodied suffering becomes a test for her truth. With Babette’s Feast we move into a Lutheran pietistic background but the action is still played out in terms of Protestant – Catholic worldviews. Here the suffering of the body is toned down in a symbolic representation. Babette’s feast is actually an act of self-giving, her own body being offered to the others, symbolized by the cailles en sarcophages she prepares for the consumption of the community. Bess in Breaking the Waves challenges directly the theological foundations of the Calvinist faith of the community, opposing their veneration of the word as the letter of the Bible with an existential dedication to the embodied Word and the immediate consequences this has for human relationships. Like Joan, Bess lays bare the mechanics of power which becomes violently inscribed on her body.
Masters of Cyber-Religion: The Female Body as God's "Interface" in the TV Series Caprica
Authors: Wimmler Jutta
Published: January 2018

The article proposes that the short-lived science fiction series Caprica (2009–2010) espoused a rather atypical ideology that was based on the prominence of women and femininity in the narrative. Through women, the series merged science and religion, body and mind, human and machine and established a moral code based on respect for those usually “othered” in the genre. The narrative accomplished this by consciously employing and then re-arranging western gender stereotypes, which led to the emergence of a specifically feminine approach to science that was, amongst other things, also religious. This combination had subversive potential because of the series’ premise that God actually exists and is actively involved in human/cyborg affairs. Women emerged as points of contact on behalf of this God who pitted them against rationalized and universalized male science.
Tweet the Message? Religious Authority and Social Media Innovation
Authors: Cheong Pauline Hope
Published: January 2018

Religious believers have historically adapted Scripture into brief texts for wider dissemination through relatively inexpensive publications. The emergence of Twitter and other microblogging tools today afford clerics a platform for real time information sharing with its interface for short written texts, which includes providing links to graphics and sound recordings that can be forwarded and responded to by others. This paper discusses emergent practices in tweet authorship which embed and are inspired by sacred Scripture, in order to deepen understanding of the changing nature of sacred texts and of the constitution of religious authority as pastors engage microblogging and social media networks. Drawing upon a Twitter feed by a prominent Christian megachurch leader with global influence, this paper identifies multiple ways in which tweets have been encoded to quote, remix and interpret Scripture, and to serve as choice aphorisms that reflect or are inspired by Scripture. Implications for the changing nature of sacred digital texts and the reconstruction of religious authority are also discussed.
New Testament in a Digital Culture: A Biblaridion (Little Book) Lost in the Web?
Authors: Clivaz Claire
Published: January 2018

The digital revolution makes one attentive to a “blind spot” of modernity, the influence of the material support of writing on ideas and concepts. Modernity has led us to “believe” in the existence of “works” and “ideas” independently of their concrete expressions in the supports of writing. Such beliefs have deeply influenced modern methodologies, and among them the biblical methodological approaches. The digital revolution reminds one to take a humble attitude to our ideas, and also to our attachment to literary “works”, paying attention to the texts as documents and objects. Starting from this general idea, this article considers first the impact of some modern beliefs on Classical studies. The second part of this article argues that digital culture can particularly help us to rediscover a culture with plural literacies. Finally, this article asks if the New Testament is becoming a biblaridion (Revelation 10:2, 9-10), a “very small booklet”, lost in the World Wide Web, losing more and more of its covers and becoming potentially a “liquid book”, as described by Jacques Derrida (Adema, 2012). To go beyond such a perception, I will consider other ways to deal with a Scripture that is going out of the Book.
Samson’s “Thorn Bush” Tagging of Delilah Within Cecil B. DeMille’s Samson and Delilah (1949): Pricking One’s Scriptural Conscience?
Authors: Kozlovic Anton Karl
Published: January 2018

Legendary producer-director Cecil B. DeMille was a seminal cofounder of Hollywood, a progenitor of Paramount Pictures, and an unsung auteur who was not only an early pioneer of the religion-and-film genre but became the undisputed master of the American biblical epic. However, the many deftly engineered sacred subtexts, thematic preoccupations, and aesthetic skills of this movie trailblazer were frequently denied, derided or dismissed during his lifetime and decades thereafter. This situation is in need of re-examination, rectification and renewal. Consequently, following a close reading of Samson and Delilah (1949) and a selective review of the critical DeMille, film and religion literature, this article uses Delilah’s (Hedy Lamarr) “thorn bush” tag, given to her during the wedding feast confrontation scene with Samson (Victor Mature), to explicate ten thorn bush themes that reveal some of the hidden depths of C.B.’s biblical artistry. Utilising textually-based humanist film criticism as the guiding analytical lens, this article concludes that DeMille was a far defter biblical filmmaker than has hitherto been appreciated. Further research into DeMille studies, biblical epics, and the religion-and-film field is warranted, recommended and already long overdue.
“If you need a virtual community, something is wrong with your congregation”: Institutionalized Laestadianism and the use of digital media
Authors: Gelfgren Stefan
Published: January 2018

This article studies how the Laestadian movement (a Christian confessional revivalist movement that is sceptical of technology) uses digital media in general, and the internet in particular, in its work. In a time when churches on a large scale are concerned with how to communicate with people through digital media, the Laestadian movement choses another path, based upon other assumptions and choices. The focus here is on how congregations and representatives use digital media, and not on individual and private use, and this article will focus primarily on Sweden and Finland. Based on interviews with representatives and by mapping the congregations’ online presence, this article provides an interpretation of the use of the internet within Laestadianism. Through this group, we see how ideology, faith, and practices regulate a restricted, negotiated, and conscious use of the internet, which challenges any preconceptions regarding use and effect of the internet on religion. This case study therefore gives additional perspective for understanding the role of digital media within and in relation to institutionalized Christianity.
Varieties of an Atheist Public in a Digital Age: The Politics of Recognition and the Recognition of Politics
Authors: Laughlin Jack C.
Published: January 2018

With the rise of atheism as a cause célèbre in the last decade or more, media and others have offered many interpretations for the apparent growth of nonbelief, ranging from the apocalyptic to the utopian. Many cite the Internet as a major contributing factor to this growth; undoubtedly new media have provided atheism with greater visibility. In this article it is argued that atheism as an Internet phenomenon ought to be understood less as the manifestation of a social fact and more as the discursive constitution of one or more publics in Michael Warner’s sense of the term. To this end, the article draws attention to a body of data that has received limited attention in scholarship to date, namely the blogs of some notable atheists. These are limited to blogs originating in the United States, and especially those by authors who identify as ‘progressive’. Thus, the conclusions drawn are not imagined to apply outside that context, nor are the sources employed considered to be representative of American atheism. But these limitations present no bar to the analysis of the particular discursive practices of the authors in question. Following Warner, virtual atheism as a public or publics has little capacity for agency: even if its growth as a social fact is true, and even as it develops agendas for social change, it is neither discursively or substantively robust enough to challenge any aspect of the contemporary neo-liberal order.
Weary and grateful: The power of expressed emotions on the internet among Conservative Laestadians
Authors: Hintsala Meri-Anna Elina
Published: January 2018

Emotions have been interpreted as a social glue and as a vital foundation for active internet discussions as well as lived bodily experiences. In this article, I will analyse emotional expressions that are based on a teaching of rejecting contraceptives in the Finnish revival movement Conservative Laestadianism (CL). The emotions are expressed through internet discussions in autobiographical narrations, which are analysed qualitatively. The article illustrates three emotional positions in relation to the teaching on contraception – believers, doubters and surrenderers – as a part of a religious emotional regime. I will argue that context and meaning of emotions are significant in order to understand them as part of a religious system, and the embeddedness of emotions should be taken into account when analysing emotions on the internet.
Meteorological Factors Affecting Airport Operations during the Winter Season in the Midwest
Authors: Algarin Ballesteros Jose A. , Hitchens Nathan M.
Published: January 2018

During the coldest months of the year, weather systems bring a variety of winter weather to most of the continental United States in the form of snow, sleet, and freezing rain, which along with strong winds, low clouds, and reduced visibilities may create dangerous conditions. These weather conditions can result in major disruptions in air travel, leading to delays and cancellations of hundreds or thousands of flights, thus affecting the plans of millions of travelers. To assess the specific meteorological factors that prompt flight delays and cancellations in the Midwest region of the United States during wintertime, a comprehensive study was performed on nine of the largest airports (by passenger boardings) in the area.

Flight delay and cancellation data from 11 winter seasons (2005–06 to 2015–16) were collected from the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) and analyzed along with climatological data from the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). A classification scheme was developed, and each flight was categorized according to the meteorological factor that could have prompted its delay. The results of the study revealed that visibility was the main meteorological factor affecting midwestern airports, with low ceilings as a close second. Blizzards were the main cause for flight cancellations.
Rasburicase
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E.
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X.). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X.

Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800–322–4349. The January 2003 monograph topics are ezetimibe, enfurvitide, aripiprazole, atomoxetine, and amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium extended-release tablets. The DUE is on ezetimibe.
Use Metric Weight to Express Liquid Doses;Tuberculin Syringe Confused with Insulin Syringe;Duragesic Patch Abuse
Authors: Cohen Michael R.
Published: January 2018

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs.

Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program, which is presented in cooperation with the Institute for Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 800–233–7767 (800–23-ERROR).

Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below.
Gabapentin: Hyperhidrosis
Authors: Generali Joyce , Cada Dennis J.
Published: January 2018

Off-Label Drug Uses

This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label DrugFacts, a quarterly publication available from Facts and Comparisons. Off-Label DrugFacts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific FDA-unapproved drug uses. This new guide to the literature will enable the health care professional/clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and to determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. The most relevant data are provided in tabular form so that the reader can easily identify the scope of information available. A summary of the data—including, background, study design, patient population, dosage information, therapy duration, results, safety, and therapeutic considerations—precedes each table of published studies. References direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information prior to patient care decisions. Direct questions or comments on “Off-Label Drug Uses” to hospitalpharmacy@drugfacts.com .
Expanding your Hardware Capabilities
Authors: Fox Brent I. , Felkey Bill G.
Published: January 2018

As you continue to explore PDA software options, we recommend that you simultaneously begin expanding your PDA's hardware capabilities. In this installment, we discuss some of the hardware accessories available for PDAs.
High-Dose Cytarabine for Consolidation and Relapse Therapy in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Doulaveris Paula , Solimando Dominic A. , Waddell J. Aubrey
Published: January 2018

The increasing complexity of cancer chemotherapy makes it mandatory that pharmacists be familiar with these highly toxic agents. This column focuses on the commercially available and investigational agents used to treat malignant diseases, reviewing issues related to the preparation, dispensing, and administration of cancer chemotherapy.
Prevent Mix-ups between Vaccines and Neuromuscular Blockers;Confusing Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine with Influenza Vaccine;Proliferation of Insulin Combination Products Increases Opportunity for Errors
Authors: Cohen Michael R.
Published: January 2018

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs.

Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program, which is presented in cooperation with the Institute for Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 800–233–7767 (800–23-ERROR).

Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below.
Anemia with Proton-Pump Inhibitor;Psoriasis Flare-Ups with Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor;Exacerbation of Tuberculosis Due to Infliximab Therapy;Hepatitis Seen with Celecoxib;Thalidomide-Associated Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism;Chronic ADRs Associated with Hepatitis B Vaccination;Neurologic Disorders with MMR Vaccines?
Authors: Shuster Joel
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs), to discuss methods of prevention, and to promote reporting of ADRs to the FDA's medWatch program (800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting preventable ADR to medWatch, please consider sharing the account with our readers.
Acetylcysteine: Prevention of Contrast Media Nephropathy
Authors: Generali Joyce , Cada Dennis J.
Published: January 2018

Off-Label Drug Uses

This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label DrugFacts, a quarterly publication available from Facts and Comparisons. Off-Label DrugFacts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific FDA-unapproved drug uses. This new guide to the literature will enable the health care professional/clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and to determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. The most relevant data are provided in tabular form so that the reader can easily identify the scope of information available. A summary of the data-including, background, study design, patient population, dosage information, therapy duration, results, safety, and therapeutic considerations-precedes each table of published studies. References direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information prior to patient care decisions. Direct questions or comments on “Off-Label Drug Uses” to hospitalpharmacy@drugfacts.com .