bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
संस्कारों का मनोवैज्ञानिक विवेचन
Authors: मिश्रा क्षमा
Published: February 2018

संस्कारो की समप्टि चरित्र की नियमात्मिका है, चरित्र ही जीवन की आधारशिला है। प्रशिक्षण संस्कार
अवचेतन रूप से अंदर ही अंदर हमारे चित्त का निर्माण करते हैं, निरंतर अच्छे विचार व सत्कार्यों में
संलग्न व्यक्ति अच्छा प्रभाव ग्रहण करता है। भारतीय संस्कृति में मानव को आदर्श व उन्नत रूप प्रदान
करने के जो साधन बताये गए हैं, उनमें सर्वाधिक महत्वपूर्ण है ’संस्कार’। भारतीय संस्कृति में मानव
का संस्कारों से अटूट सम्बन्ध रहा है। सूक्ष्म विवेचन करने पर यह स्पष्ट हो जाता है कि संस्कारों
का विज्ञान व मनोविज्ञान से गहरा सम्बन्ध है। प्रायः सभी संस्कारों के पीछे कोई न कोई मनोवैज्ञानिक
तर्क या वैज्ञानिक कारण कार्य करता है। संस्कार मात्र सामाजिक व धार्मिक दृष्टि से ही नहीं, प्रत्युत
विज्ञान एवं मनोविज्ञान की दृप्टि से भी अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण हैं। संस्कारों का मनोवैज्ञानिक विश्लेष्ण उनके
एक नवीन अन्योन्याश्रित संबंध की व्याख्या करता है। इस आलोक में एक अभिनव दृप्टि विकसित होती
है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में प्राचीन एवं आधुनिक मनोविश्लेषणकर्ताओं के सिद्धान्तों के आधार पर संस्कारों
के अन्योन्याश्रित सम्बन्ध की नयी दृष्टि से व्याख्या का एक सूक्ष्म प्रयास किया गया है। कुछ संस्कारों
के मूल में सशक्त वैज्ञानिक मत प्रभावी हैं, जिन्हें जानकर हम संस्कारों की महत्ता को और भी अधिक
गंभीरता से जान सकते हैं और यह सिद्ध कर सकते हैं कि हमारे शास्त्रोक्त संस्कार विज्ञान, मनोविज्ञान
किसी भी कसौटी पर आज भी उतने ही खरे हैं जितने प्राचीन काल में थे।
Awadh under the British Residents
Authors: Vardhan Amit
Published: February 2018

Awadh area was always the centre of power from times immemorial. This importance also had its
impact on the policy towards Awadh under the British company also. The political importance
was of Awadh forced the British company to keep a watch on the activities of the Nawab. For this
purpose they placed a British Resident in Awadh, it was however done on the request of the
Nawab. Gradually the position of Resident became an all important post in Awadh and Resident
started to control almost all aspects of the administration. The expenses of the office of Resident
also increased gradually from about 12000 annually to later partial share in the revenue of Awadh
even the Nawab had to surrender few portion of the state to meet the expenses of the office of the
Resident. Further to free the company’s regular troops for service elsewhere in India, the company
also organized the forces at the ruler’s expense. Later the resident even played the role of
appointing the Nawab even overlooking the legal heir for the throne. This weakened the position
of Nawab to a very great extent and the Nawab could not even carry out any changes other then
the direction given by the Resident. The company despite having control over almost all sections
of governance disposed the Nawab on the charges of misgovernance in 1856 ending the rule of
Nawab in Awadh. So the system of placing the Resident started with the purpose if liaisoning
gradually took indirect control over the administration and later took the direct control over the
State.
Trade Policy In Kautilya’s Regime
Authors: राय ऋतु
Published: February 2018

Trade both internal and external is considered as an engine of growth. Economic development is
not complete without trade and commerce. Kautilya’s arthshastra considers trade as the third
pillar of economic activity. Trade was controlled by the state. He lays down the commercial
policy of the state for the promotion maintenance of internal and foreign trade and for economic
development. This paper examines Kautilya’s thinking related to trade and commerce and its
relevance in present context. After agriculture and cattle rearing trade was the third most important
constituent of the economy of the Kautilyan state. A large part of trading was done by the state
and strict control was observed on the private trade. Increasing revenue from trade and welfare of
the people was primary objective of the state.
Conduct Disorder in School Children
Authors: Surabhi Mahima
Published: February 2018

The objective of present investigation was to study conduct disorder in school children and also
to make a comparative analysis of conduct disorder between male-female and urban-rural school
children. For this 200 male and 200 female school children were taken as a sample from four
schools situated in Patna and Siwan district. The age range of samples was from 7 to 14 years.
The psychopathology measurement schedule developed by Malhotra Savita was administered.
Two hypothesis were formulated for verification : (i) Urban school children will differ significantly
from rural school children on the measure of conduct disorder. (ii) Male and Female school
children will differ significantly on the measure of conduct disorder .The obtained data were
statistically analyzed with suitable parametric and nonparametric statistical techniques. The
obtained results showed that (i) Urban and rural school children differed significantly with each
other on the measure of conduct disorder. (ii) There is significant difference between male and
female school children on the measure of conduct disorder. Both hypothesis were accepted and
null hypothesis was rejected. The researcher has suggested certain management techniques for
school children.
Soret Effect on Unsteady MHD Free Convection Flow Past an Impulsively Started Vertical Plate with Chemical Reaction
Authors: Gupta N. K. , Rajput U. S.
Published: February 2018

In this paper, we are analyzing Soret effect and inclined magnetic field on unsteady free
convection MHD flow past an impulsively started vertical plate with chemical reaction. Fluid
considered is electrically conducting. The Laplace transform method has been used to find
the exact solutions for the concentration, momentum and energy equations. The flow model
consists of a magnetic field inclined from vertical by an angle . The flow is considered
unsteady and heat is transferred through free convection. The velocity profiles are discussed
with the help of graphs drawn for different parameters like thermal Grashof number, the
Soret number, the Prandtl number, the chemical reaction parameter, the Hartmann number,
the Schmidt number, the mass Grashof number, time and inclination of magnetic field. The
numerical values of skin friction have been discussed with the help of table for different
parameters.
Telluration of Alkenylmethyl Ketones with Aryltellurium Trichlorides: Synthetic Route and Structural Studies
Authors: Khan Mariya , Chauhan Ashok K. S. , Srivastava Ramesh C. , Duthie Andrew , Butcher R. J.
Published: February 2018

It has been our endeavor to prepare organotellurium compounds bearing functionalized
groups. The electrophilic substitution reactions were performed with 1-acetyl-1-cyclohexene,
an alkenylmethyl ketone (cyclo-C6H9COCH3), with NpTeCl3 and MesTeCl3. The reactions were
found to proceed smoothly at room temperature. The unsymmetrical functionalized
arylalkyltellurium dichloride Np(cyclo-C6H9COCH2)TeCl2, 1Aa or Mes(cyclo-C6H9COCH2)TeCl2,
1Ba was obtained in good to moderate yield when the reactants were stirred for 7-8 h in
absence of any solvent. The reaction with MesTeCl3 is rather slow and requires over 24 h of
stirring. Biphasic (H2O/CH2Cl2) reduction of the dichlorides 1Aa or 1Ba with aqueous Na2S2O5
did not gave the expected unsymmetrical telluroether (cyclo-C6H9COCH2)-Te-Ar, instead the
usual work up of the organic phase afforded the respective ditellurides, Ar2Te2. The bromo
analogues of 1Aa and 1Ba, namely Ar(cyclo-C6H9COCH2)TeBr2 (Ar= 1-Np, 1Ab and Mes,
1Bb), were prepared by the metathetical reaction of the chlorides with sodium bromide
(Scheme 1).
The newly synthesized dihaloaryltellurated alkenyl carbonyl compounds are colourless to
pale yellow crystalline solids soluble in common organic solvents and have been characterized
by 1H, 13C and 125Te NMR in solution.
The structural studies in the solid state for the compounds 1Aa and 1Ba have been carried
out by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique
A Comparative Study of Palmar Dermatoglyphics in Thakurs and Lodhis of Bakshi Ka Talab Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Gupta Preeti , Singh Udai Pratap
Published: February 2018

Dermatoglyphic characters vary widely and are unaffected by age, gender and least by
environment. Unlike configurations and their distinctiveness with every individual, it also
shows bilateral, bisexual and population variations. Palm prints once created are
unchangeable throughout life and are unaffected by environmental factors. This paper is
based upon the palmar dermatoglyphic. The study reports on bisexual and bilateral palm
prints among Lodhis and Thakurs of Rudahi village of Bakshi Ka Talab, Lucknow District.
The palmar dermatoglyphic traits have been analyzed among the two populations which are
Main line Formula, Endings of main lines D and A, Position of Axial triradius, Angle atd, Main
line Index, Hypothenar, Thenar/ Ist Interdigital area, IInd Interdigital area, IIIrd Interdigital
area, IVth Interdigital area, and Palmar Ridge Counts. The prints have been obtained by
using the duplicating ink method on white paper. On the perusal of Principal Main line
Formula among Lodhis and Thakurs, it has been noticed that the frequency is more in Lodhi
males than females in formula 11.9.7. On the other hand, the frequency of Thakur males is
more than Thakur females in formula 9.7.5. The Ending of Main Line D in position 11 as
clearly indicated in Lodhis is higher in both the genders in comparison to Thakurs, while the
position 9 indicates highest frequency in Thakur females. The Ending of main line A at
position 5’ has higher frequency in Lodhi males. The Main line index value 16 is observed
higher in Lodhis in comparison to Thakurs. Higher frequency has been observed in Lodhis
than Thakurs in Axial triradius in modal type‘t’. The range of Angle atd is observed to have
higher frequency in 36º- 40º among the Lodhis as compared to Thakurs. The palmar ridge
counts mean, is found higher in Lodhi females and Thakur males. Thus this paper shows the
similarity and dissimilarity among the males and females of Thakurs and Lodhis in Palmar
dermatoglyphics.
A Brief Study of Female Healthcare Preparations Used by the Koch- Rajbanshi Tribals of Barpeta District of Assam
Authors: Srivastava Vandana Singh , Bhattacharjya D.  K.
Published: February 2018

Barpeta district of Assam is rich in phytodiversity and the rural folk of the district are efficient
practitioner of their traditional knowledge system, especially in connection with the
use of phytomedicines. The present paper deals with the ethno-medicinal knowledge of
Koch-Rajbanshi tribal people living in small settlements in the district of Barpeta with special
reference to Female healthcare. This tribal group is among the ones with smallest population
in Barpeta. Out of the 25 species belonging to 18 families documented here mostly are
well known and used extensively by other tribes also.
Technical Analysis of Smart Material Structures and their Applications in Civil Engineering
Authors: Pandey Vineet Kumar , Singh C. K.
Published: February 2018

Due to the continuous development in the field of innovative materials, the smart material
and structures can be used as a new tool in architectural industry. A conventional architectural
structure is designed to function under pre-assumed forces and loads (pressure) and
thus it can’t develop itself an ability to control unexpected forces and loads.
The designs using smart materials are inspired with nature to mimic human i.e. a material
with capability of sensing and responding with the change in environment .The aim of research
in the field of smart material structures is to make a system to mimic living organism
with actuators and sensors. These materials have numerous applications in the field of civil
engineering e.g. SMA (shape memory alloys) with super elastic properties (inspired with
the concept of elasticity),can provide a control over the shape of the structure with changing
crystalline structure via a change in temperature.
Fluoride Toxicity in the Fish Channa punctatus and its Reversibility by Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Gupta Rajesh , Gopal Krishna , Tripathi Madhu , Sharma U. D.
Published: February 2018

Flouride toxicity has acquired a massive form in present times since we have to dig deeper
and deeper in search of drinking water. Deeper levels are richer in toxic metals and non
metals like Arsenic and Flourides. The present study takes a common freshwater fish Channa
punctatus as a bioassay of fluoride toxicity and studies the effects of reversal of toxic effects
by use of Ascorbic acid and by keeping the fish in clean water. The results have been compiled
in the form of graphs and photomicrograph.
The Rights and Wrongs of the Blind Watchers
Authors: Verma Murli Manohar
Published: February 2018

The pathways to the search of truth in science inevitably meander through the rights and
wrongs, often with the right claims but wrong foundations, or wrong claims even when our
knowledge tells us otherwise. Since the final frontiers always recede from us, we can’t see
very far into the future and the search for the ultimate truth remains a wild-goose-chase.
So, brooding over reaching the destinations must be replaced by sheer joy of the fetching
journey. This article explains such pathways, wonders and delights through a process of
learning.
Why Cyber Security Policies required for Digital India
Authors: Singh Anurag , Singh Brijmohan
Published: February 2018

India is perched on the cusp of computerized development. The administration has defeated
its depreciators with a hawk looked at center to accomplish this objective for the nation.
The Indian government has lodged on a program to transform the nation into an advanced
economy. It has make open a progression of activities—from presenting Digital Locker, which
takes out the requirement for individuals to convey printed versions of reports issued by
the administration, to demonetization, which has impelled the utilization of computerized
installments the nation over. The move towards an advanced economy is probably going to
help enact a new rush of financial development, draw in greater venture, and make new
employments, over numerous divisions. Notwithstanding, it additionally represents a major
test, that of cybersecurity. With the move towards a computerized economy, expanding
measure of buyer and national information will be put away carefully and an extensive
number of exchanges will be done on the web, by organizations, people and also government
divisions. In any case, it additionally represents a major test, that of cybersecurity. With the
move towards a computerized economy, expanding measure of shopper and national
information will be put away carefully and a substantial number of exchanges will be
completed on the web, by organizations, people and also government divisions. That makes
India a greater focus for digital lawbreakers and programmers. Different partners, particularly
Indian organizations, should be better arranged to deal with this risk. National cybersecurity
technique is a fundamental component as cybersecurity is expected to ensure also, empower
computerized economy.
Friendly Foes: The Bio-control Agents
Authors: Singh Kalpana
Published: February 2018

The bio-control agents are those organisms that manage the pest population in natural way
and keep them below the economic threshold and are thus applied by the agency of man.
This process is known as bio-control or biological control. They are foes to the pests and are
thus beneficial and a friend for us. There are many pathogens (Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt
cotton), parasites (parasitoids, ex. Parasitic wasps, tachinid flies) and predators (ex. Gambusia
fish against mosquito larvae) that can be applied as bio-control agents. Many are being
used as effective pest control agent in Europe and United States of America. There is lots
of potential in this field and more explorations and researches need to be done in an agricultural
country like India.
Arsenic in Rice: A New Global Disaster
Authors: Chakrabarty Debasis
Published: February 2018

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is amidst the great essential food crop that offers a staple food for most
of the world’s populace. Arsenic (As) is a carcinogenic heavy metal, which harms human
health. In Asian countries, a major source of human As-intake is rice grains and; contamination
of paddy soils by As and accumulation of As in rice grains is one of the serious agricultural
issues. Hence, it is important to mitigate the effects of As toxicity as much as possible. In
an attempt to minimize As accumulation in grains various genes have been introduced in
rice. The main objective of this review is to provide an overview of the arsenic problem and
various biotechnological methods exploited for reducing As accumulation in rice grain.
Perfect Rigor- A Genius : A Book Review
Authors: Binwal Ravi
Published: February 2018

The solution of Poincare conjecture in topology represents the pinnacle of mathematical
logic human brain is capable of. Best mathematicians of the world tried to unlock the
answer of this baffling problem. Ultimately Gregory Perelman was able to crack it but in this
pursuit transformed himself into an unfathomable riddle.
Journey of Ramanujan through Mathematical Gallery
Authors: Jain Rama
Published: February 2018

Ramanujan was born in 1887 in Erode in South India. Although he was only 32 years old at
the time of his death, he was so genius that he ranked as a world class mathematician. He
was a self taught mathematician and failed to gain a degree. In 1916, in England, Cambridge
University granted him a Bachelor of Science degree on the basis of his research work. Here,
we shall throw light on some of his mathematical works which is related to his work in the
area of partition function, number theory, elliptic functions, Landau Ramanujan Constant
etc.
हिन्दू संस्कृति में पेड़-पौधों का धार्मिक, आध्यात्मिक एवं वैज्ञानिक महत्व
Authors: Mishra रामलखन सिंह सि�
Published: February 2018

The life of entire universe is governed by the five great elements (Panch Mahabhutas) which
includes Earth, Water, Fire, Sky and Air which are existed in nature. All living things are
composed from these five great elements. This fact is mentioned in various Hindu Holy Scriptures
such as Vedas, Puranas, Ramayana, Mahabharat, Manusmrirti, Shrimad Bhagvat Gita
etc. All living and non living things are existed in nature are entirely interconnected or interdependent
to each other. Presence of sufficient living and non living things make sound
and sustainable ecosystem. Therefore our ancient sages and hermits linked natures components
such as plants, animals, rivers, mountains, forests etc to the worship in Hindu religion
for sustainable utilization and conservation for generation to generation.
The forests are regarded as 'Lungs of Earth' and 'Living Oxygen Cylinders' and provide fresh
air, water, clean and green environment, maintain food chain and food web etc and also full
fill all basic requirements such as food, medicine and shelter. But now due to the various
anthropogenic factors, the forests are depleting fast from the nature, while importance of
plants/forests has been described by ancient sages and hermits in various Holy Scriptures
of Hindu religion. Importance of plants has been proved by modern research. In the present
communication, the details are given.
KORELASI KUALITAS TIDUR TERHADAP TINGKAT DEPRESI, CEMAS, DAN STRES MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA BALI
Authors: Hendi Aryadi I Putu , Andra Yusari I Gusti Agung Ayu , Dewi Dhyani Ida Ayu , Eka Kusmadana I Putu , Sudira Putu Gde
Published: February 2018

Latar Belakang: Mahasiswa dihadapkan dengan berbagai kegiatan akademik dan non akademik hingga terkadang menyita waktu tidur, sementara waktu tidur yang cukup dibutuhkan untuk menjaga kestabilan emosi.

Tujuan: mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan masalah emosional (tingkat depresi, cemas, dan stres) mahasiswa pre-klinik Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana.

Metode Penelitian: Studi cross-sectional dilakukan pada mahasiswa kedokteran pre-klinik di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Responden melengkapi kuesioner data demografik, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), dan kuesioner Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Disorder Scale (DASS).

Hasil: Sebanyak 132 responden terlibat dalam studi ini dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 37,1% dan berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 62,9%, dengan rentang usia 18-22 tahun. Indeks kualitas tidur secara umum memiliki korelasi positif dengan tingkat depresi (r=0,32; p<0,001), tingkat cemas (r=0,26; p=0,002), dan tingkat stres (r=0,36; p<0,001) mahasiswa.

Simpulan: Kualitas tidur secara umum berhubungan signifikan dengan tingkat depresi, cemas, dan stres mahasiswa kedokteran pre-klinik di Universitas Udayana, Bali. Penting bagi pihak institusi maupun badan kemahasiswaan guna menekankan program yang mendukung kualitas tidur dan kesehatan psikis mahasiswa.
An iterative reconstruction algorithm for digital breast tomosynthesis imaging using real data at three radiation doses
Authors: Polat Adem , Yildirim Isa
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND:

Iterative image reconstruction in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) is a developing modality that produces three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed images of a breast to detect suspicious lesions. Algebraic reconstruction technique (ART), one of the iterative image reconstruction methods, was applied to reconstruct 3D data of breast and is becoming as one alternative method for the conventional image reconstruction techniques such as filtered back projection (FBP) in DBT imaging.

OBJECTIVE:

A new majorization-minimization (MM) algorithm was presented for TV denoising of signals. In the field of DBT, however, the algorithm has not yet been applied. In this study, we proposed a new method of “ART+TV3D+MM,” which applies (MM) algorithm to the images reconstructed by ART+TV3D for different imaging dose levels to investigate a possible reduction of radiation dose.

METHODS:

Projections of a real breast phantom (CD Pasmam 1054) were acquired with a Siemens MAMMOMAT DBT system. The proposed new method was repeated and tested with 3 different radiation dose levels. The quality of the images reconstructed using the proposed new method were compared with those generated by the commonly used FBP method using both qualitative and quantitative assessments.

RESULTS:

The new method showed superior results in terms of visual assessment, contrast to noise ratios (CNR), full width at half maximum (FWHM) values and 1D profiles compared with FBP of the Siemens MAMMOMAT. CNR values were evaluated for two different region of interests (ROIs). For instance, CNR values of ROI-2 of FBP and of new method were 1.670 and 1.978 at 100 mAs, respectively. Moreover, while CNR value of ROI-1 of FBP at 100 mAs was 0.955, CNR value of ROI-1 of using new method at 100 mAs was 48.163. FWHM values for FBP and the new method were 2.328 and 1.765 at 56 mAs, 2.032 and 1.661 at 100 mAs, and 2.111 and 1.736 at 199 mAs, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

The results support that using the new method of “ART+TV3D+MM” could help decrease the radiation dose level, which is one of the most critical limitations of DBT imaging.
Prevalence of malocclusion among the age group of 15-25 years in Bangladeshi population
Authors: Jubayer Shamim , Kader Md Abdul , Sharmin Salma , Sultana Nasrin , Mamun Mohammad Shamim Al
Published: February 2018

Aims: A cross sectional study was carried out to explore the Prevalence of malocclusion among the age group of 15-25 years in Bangladeshi population.Material and methods: A total of 431 samples were purposively selected.  Data were collected by oral examination, model and face to face interview using the structured questionnaire and a standard format was prepared to record the data.Results: The responded of the study were 17 to 25 years. Their mean ages were 20.64 ±1.61 years.  Male 33% and female 67%. Among the respondent 82.6% have class I molar relation, 12.06% class II and 5.34 % class III molar relation. Among class I group 74% have malocclusion and 26% normal occlusion that is 78.42% respondent has malocclusion.  In residential status 86% are urban. 96% of the respondent brushes their tooth two times and 4% once regularly. 13% of the respondent never visits dental chamber in their life time.Conclusion: Most common malocclusion was class I followed by class II and class III. The systemic implementation of preventive oral care and community oriented health programs are needed for the continuous promotion of oral health care of Bangladesh.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2014; Vol-4 (1-2), P.8-11
A Class III look with Buccally placed high Canine of an Angle's Class I Malocclusion treated in a Non Extraction approach
Authors: Anwar Nabila , Hassan Gazi Shamim
Published: February 2018

Class I malocclusion also called neutro-occlusion, this describes a normal molar relationship but there is malposition of one or more individual teeth. Treatment of Class I malocclusion varies depending on the condition and severity. However, the purpose of this report is to review the orthodontic treatment of a Class I malocclusion with buccally placed canine without extraction. This case report describes a 13-year-old girl with a Class I malocclusion, anterior and posterior crossbite, a retrusive maxilla with high canine. The Class I malocclusion with posterior crossbite was corrected with quad helix followed by non extraction orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances to correct anterior crossbite. At the end of treatment we obtained an acceptable occlusion relationship and the facial profile and the patient's smile were improved substantially.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2014; Vol-4 (1-2), P.20-22
14th International Symposium on Dentofacial Development and Function & 11th National Congress on Orthodontics Beijing, China, Sept. 19-23, 2012
Authors: Hossain MZ
Published: February 2018

Abstract not availableBan J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2014; Vol-4 (1-2), P.35
Oral impacts on Daily Performances Related to Wearing Orthodontic Appliances among the Patients Reporting to the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Dhaka Dental College and Hospital
Authors: Moniruzzaman - , Hossain MZ
Published: February 2018

Introduction: Patients may have some oral impacts on their day to day activities during the course of treatment with orthodontic appliances. Often the impacts may lead the patient to interrupt or terminate the treatment. Proper information on frequency, intensity and extent of the oral impacts on daily performances related to wearing orthodontic appliances during orthodontic treatment will help the patient and orthodontists to increase the treatment compliance.Objectives: To assess the frequency, severity and extent of oral impact on daily performances (OIDP) im the patients wearing orthodontic appliances in relation to type of orthodontic appliancea and sex of patients.Materials and method: The study was a descriptive cross sectional study with 300 participants by convenient sampling aged 10-25 years, undergoing orthodontic treatment at the department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital. Face-to-face structured interviews and clinical examination were done to collect information about OIDP.Results: Three hundred patients (31% male and 69% female) undergoing orthodontic treatment participated in the study. The prevalence of condition-specific impacts related to wearing orthodontic appliances was 31.7%. Among adolescents with impacts related to wearing orthodontic appliances, 17.8% reported impacts of severe or very severe intensity and 90.5% reported impacts on only one daily performance, commonly eating or speaking or cleaning mouth. The prevalence and the extent, but not the intensity of condition-specific impacts differed by type of orthodontic appliance (P =.002* and .004* respectively).Conclusion: Almost one in three participants undergoing orthodontic treatment reported side effects, specific impacts on daily living related to wearing orthodontic appliances. Such impacts were higher among patients wearing fixed and combination of both fixed and removable type of orthodontic appliances rather than removable type. This information could help to inform patients about the frequency and intensity of sociodental impacts during the course of their treatment.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2015; Vol-5 (1-2), P.1-7
Tweed’s analysis of Bangladeshi population
Authors: Bari Md Asiful , Hossain Md Zakir
Published: February 2018

Objectives: To measure the Tweed’s norms for Bangladeshi population.Method: Total of 100 samples was collected from students and doctors of Dhaka Dental College and other hospitals aged between 18-26 years of age. Among the samples 52 were male and 48 were female. Mean age of male samples were 22.06 whereas mean age of female samples were 21.81 combined mean age of 100 samples were 21.94. Period of study was From July’2013 to Dec’2013.Results: The values of FMA, FMIA and IMPA for Bangladeshi male subjects were found 23.02, 54.5 and 102.27. For the female samples the values were 21.5, 53.92 and 104.69 respectively. The values of FMA, FMIA and IMPA for Bangladeshi population were found as 22.29, 54.22 and 103.43. Whereas for Caucasians the parameters were 24.6, 68.2, 86.9.Conclusion: The value of FMA, FMIA, IMPA for Bangladeshi population were measured. The difference of values of FMA, FMIA, IMPA of Bangladeshis with Caucasians were found statistically significant. Whereas the difference of values of FMA, FMIA, IMPA of Bangladeshis with North Indians were found statistically insignificant. Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2015; Vol-5 (1-2), P.8-12
Periodontal Health Status and Microbiological Analysis of Orthodontic Patient in Dhaka Bangladesh
Authors: Sabnam Kohinoor , Mamun Mohammad Shamim Al , Mahmud Asif , Haque Sabrina
Published: February 2018

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the level of bacteria in dental plaque associated with fixed orthodontic appliances.Materials and Methods: This longitudinal observational study was done during April’2014 to September’2014 in the Department of Microbiology, Primeasia University, Banani, Dhaka. The 100 samples were collected purposively from the Department of Orthodontics, University Dental College and Hospital, Dhaka and reported private Orthodontic clinic of Bangladesh. The microbiological test was done in the Department of Microbiology, Primeasia University, Banani, Dhaka.Results: The study result showed, there were significantly increased plaque accumulation as well as microorganisms in patient who wear fixed orthodontic appliances than normal subjects. Most of the organisms were streptococcus and most organisms were sensitive to antibiotic except eromycin, sensitive to paste (triclosan and fluoride) but resistant to mouth wash.Conclusion: The components of fixed appliance can hamper proper oral hygiene maintenance increases the chance of accumulation of plaque that lead to caries. So appropriate tooth brush with proper paste can inhibit microbial colonization on tooth surfaces.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2015; Vol-5 (1-2), P.17-23
Prevalence of Impacted Teeth among the Orthodontic Patient in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
Authors: Nahar Luthfun , Jha Digamber , Hassan Gazi Shamim
Published: February 2018

Aim: This study was attempted to find out the prevalence of impacted teeth among the patients attended for orthodontic treatment in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical UniversityMaterials and Method: For this cross sectional study 200 patients were taken according to selection criteria who were seeking orthodontic treatment, age between 10 and 30 years in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University.Results: 42.0 % respondents belong to age group 11-15 years, 65.5% respondents were female and 34.5% were male, who had impacted teeth with other orthodontics problems. Among 3.0% respondents 1.5 % showed impaction in right upper central incisor and other showed impaction in right upper canine, in left upper central incisor and also left upper canine. The prevalence of impacted teeth was not significant for age group ( p=0.449) and there was no significant difference between male and female (p=0.695).Conclusion: The prevalence of tooth impaction is a common dental anomaly. The early recognition of tooth impaction is very important from a therapeutic point of view.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2015; Vol-5 (1-2), P.24-26
A Case Report-Non Extraction Treatment of Class II division 1 Malocclusion with Excessive Overjet and Traumatic Bite
Authors: Naim Mir Abu , Nahar Luthfun , Islam Shahidul , Sultana Naznin , Nasrin Tawhida , Hassan Gazi Shamim
Published: February 2018

In our orthodontic practice we have seen a recent spurt of increasing numbers of young adults who desire cost effective, non surgical correction of malocclusion and accept dental camouflage as a treatment option to mask the skeletal discrepancy. Usually over 10 mm overjet with traumatic bite is very difficult to treat without extraction; therefore this case is handling so carefully that the upper central incisors cannot loose or dead because of excessive force. In this case patient growth is complete and therefore the only option is fixed orthodontic treatment. So here the challenge is reduction of overjet and correction of traumatic bite without any extraction and is careful to save the tooth vitality. Following treatment marked improvement in patient’s smile, facial profile and lip competence were achieved and there was a remarkable increase in the patient’s confidence and quality of life.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2015; Vol-5 (1-2), P.30-32
Correction of Class II Division 2 Malocclusion with Traumatic deep bite -Non-extraction Therapy
Authors: Sultana Sharmin , Hossain Md Zakir
Published: February 2018

This case report describe the management of a 22 years old male patient having class II div 2 malocclusion with traumatic deep bite. Intraoral examination revealed that patient had lingually inclined maxillary central incisor, labially flared maxillary lateral incisors, exaggerated lower curve of spee, and moderate crowding in lower jaw. Patient also tend to exhibit deep mentolabial sulcus and unaesthetic smile. Anterior flat bite plane was treatment plan for improving deep bite and also Mandibular downward backward rotation and Camouflage nonextraction treatment was decided for this patient because presence of lower crowding which is easy to correction and flare lower incisor for improving overjet and interincisal angle.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2015; Vol-5 (1-2), P.33-36
Memorial Pictures from 4th National Orthodontic Conference February 2014 Organized by Bangladesh Orthodontic Soceity
Authors: Hosaain MZ
Published: February 2018

Abstract not availableBan J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2015; Vol-5 (1-2), P.40-41
Antimicrobial evaluation of the crude extract of symbiotic fungi from marine sponge Reniera japonica
Authors: Bai Xuelian , Dong Menglian , Lai Tongfei , Zhang Huawei
Published: February 2018

Marine sponge-derived microbes are one of the rich sources of bioactive natural products with a broad spectrum of bioactivities. The present work focuses on the isolation and antimicrobial screening of the marine sponge-associated fungi from Reniera japonica MNP-2016. The results indicated that five fungi (L1-2, L2-1, L4, L8-1 and L14) were successfully isolated. Bioassay tests showed that only strain L14 had strong inhibitory effect on the pathogens, Staphyloccocus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. 18S rDNA sequence analysis indicated that strain L14 was ascribed to Aspergillus genus. To the best of our knowledge, this work was the first report on the isolation and antimicrobial evaluation of fungi from R. japonica.

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Population dynamics of Bombay duck Harpodon nehereus (Hamilton, 1822) of the Bay of Bengal along Bangladesh coast
Authors: Sarker MN , Humayun Md , Rahman Md Atiar , Uddin Md Sharif
Published: February 2018

Population parameters of Harpadon nehereus were estimated using FiSAT-II. length-frequency data collected from different landing centers along the coast of Bangladesh. The Von Bertalanffy growth parameters L∞and K for the species were 45.05 cm and 1.30/year, respectively. The annual rate of natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were found to be 1.86 and 2.58, respectively. The estimated value of the exploitation rate (E) using the lengthconverted catch curve was 0.58 and E max was found to be 0.582. The recruitment pattern of this species was continuous and two peaks per year. The present investigation clearly showed the over fishing (E > 0.50) condition for H. nehereus in Bangladesh. The estimated length-weight relationship for the combined sex was found to be W = 0.003199 L3.Bangladesh J. Zool. 45(2): 101-110, 2017
Larval breeding habitats and ecological factors influence the species composition of mosquito (Diptera : Culicidae) in the parks of Dhaka city, Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Afroza , Hasan Sharmin , Hossain Mosharraf , Alim Abdul , Mamun Mohammad Al , Bashar Kabirul
Published: February 2018

Mosquito larval ecology is prerequisite for determining the larval abundance and species assemblage in mosquito control program. The study explored the association of five mosquito species with their breeding habitat diversity and species distribution in three selected parks from May to October, 2015. A total of 3217 mosquito larvae were reported from six breeding habitats, namely tree hole, leaf axils, water bottle, tire, drain and coconut shell. The frequency of the three species (Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Ar. subalbatus) coexistence was higher in tree holes (82.4%) than that of the other coexisting species. Pearson Chi-square result revealed that the association of species was significantly dependent on the breeding habitats. ANOVA further suggested that mosquito density varied across habitats where among the highest density of Cx. quinquefasciatus (3.87 ± 0.22) found in drain, followed by both Ae. albopictus (2.02 ± 0.17) and Ar. subalbatus (0.50 ± 0.09) in tree holes and Ae. aegypti (1.25 ± 0.23) in coconut shell. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus occurred in drain with the least observed density (0.03 ± 0.01). CCA results suggested that Aedes species were likely preferred to oviposit in shaded habitats where pH was associated with Ae. albopictus and dissolved oxygen was with Ae. aegypti and Ar. subalbatus. Culex species were positively associated with the habitats characterizing muddy bottom and emerging vegetation but not with any of the physico-chemical parameters. These findings concluded that ecological factors influence mosquito species to favor their breeding habitats can be helpful in controlling targeted vector species as well as the mosquito borne diseases.Bangladesh J. Zool. 45(2): 111-122, 2017
Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal Helminthiasis among the children of Begun Bari slum, Tejgaon, Dhaka
Authors: Mukutmoni Mandira , Khanum Hamida
Published: February 2018

A cross sectional parasitological study was conducted among the underprivileged children of Begun Bari slum, Tejgaon, Dhaka during January 2015 to December 2016. Fecal samples were collected and then processed through formaldehyde-ether concentration technique. Prevalent helminths were Ascaris lumbricoides (27.68%), Trichuris trichiura (21.57%) and Taenia saginata (18.24%). Male children were at high risk for helminth infection than females. The highest prevalence of A. lumbricoides (42.11%) was observed among the children aged 10 -12 years and T. saginata (35.71%) among 13 - 15 years. The prevalence of A. lumbricoides (23%) was the uppermost in the winter (23%) and the lowest in the rainy season (4.3%). Children of illiterate mothers (91.89%), bare footers (76.03%) and mud floor residents (76.43%) were more prone to helminth infections (p < 0.05).Bangladesh J. Zool. 45(2): 123-129, 2017
Behavioural responses of cane toad (Rhinella marina) adults and tadpoles to chemical cues
Authors: Haramura Takashi
Published: February 2018

Pheromonal communication may be possible to control the invader animal. Pheromone-induced behavioural changes could be exploited to control invasive species such as the cane toad (Rhinella marina). Injured cane toad tadpoles are known to produce species-specific chemical cues that alert conspecific tadpoles to danger. These chemical cues reduce both the survival rate of other tadpoles and body size at metamorphosis, and suggest that cane toad tadpoles express chemical substances that control the behaviour of other tadpoles. Identification of the chemical substance(s) involving in tadpole could lead to the development of methods to control the behaviour of cane toad. Here, the behaviour of cane toad adults and tadpoles was characterized following exposure to chemical substances extracted from dead cane toad tadpoles using methanol (MeOH) or distilled water (H2O). Adult toads showed signs of avoiding water to which the H2O-extracted chemical cue had been added. By contrast, no differences were observed in the swimming behaviour of tadpoles (control, MeOHor H2O-extracted samples). These data indicate that development of a chemicalbased behaviour control method will require more detailed chemical analyses. We used dead tadpoles to extract chemical substrate, but in future studies, the potential behaviour-controlling chemical cues should be extracted from live cane toad tadpoles.Bangladesh J. Zool. 45(2): 149-157, 2017
Distinctions in proteomics among developmental stages of dengue vector (Aedes albopictus) mosquitoes
Authors: Rahman GM Saifur , Dieng Hamady , Hassan Ahmad Abu , Manaf Uyub Abdul , Salmah M Rawi Che
Published: February 2018

The embryonic proteomics that drift in the adult stage and responsible for performing visual activities including, biting and maintaining the vectorial life of dengue vector Aedes albopictus is not projected earlier. In a series of experiments we have indicated the concentration and extension of early proteomic cursors in the latter stages of life cycle up to the early emerging adult. We noticed about 70% gain of protein during larval developmental stages, until pupation. Newly emerged adult mosquitoes lost about 12% of protein than the pupal stage. In case of peptides, we observed 14-26 polypeptide bands during immature and early adult stages by using 12% of separating gel in ID SDS-PAGE. The bands in early larval stages up to 4th instar larvae were in the range of approximately ~58 to ~7 kDa, while in pupal and adult stages they were between ~200 and ~7 kDa. Newly emerged bands in pupal (i and ii) and adult (iii-vi) stages could be identified as stage specific peptides. The band number 10, which migrated at the same position in the PAGE with equal strength in all stages was identified as an essential peptide. Characterization of the above peptides might help in the pin pointing to possible virus transmission blocking mechanism of this vector insect.Bangladesh J. Zool. 45(2): 171-183, 2017
First record of greater flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus from south east coastal, Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Asif , Mahmud Humayra
Published: February 2018

Abstract not availableBangladesh J. Zool. 45(2): 185-188, 2017
Controlling Within-Field Sheep Movement Using Virtual Fencing
Authors: Marini Danila , Llewellyn Rick , Belson Sue , Lee Caroline
Published: February 2018

Virtual fencing has the potential to greatly improve livestock movement, grazing efficiency, and land management by farmers; however, relatively little work has been done to test the potential of virtual fencing with sheep. Commercial dog training equipment, comprising of a collar and GPS hand-held unit were used to implement a virtual fence in a commercial setting. Six, 5–6 year-old Merino wethers, which were naïve to virtual fencing were GPS tracked for their use of a paddock (80 × 20 m) throughout the experiment. The virtual fence was effective at preventing a small group of sheep from entering the exclusion zone. The probability of a sheep receiving an electrical stimulus following an audio cue was low (19%), and declined over the testing period. It took an average of eight interactions with the fence for an association to be made between the audio and stimulus cue, with all of the animals responding to the audio alone by the third day. Following the removal of the virtual fence, sheep were willing to cross the previous location of the virtual fence after 30 min of being in the paddock. This is an important aspect in the implementation of virtual fencing as a grazing management tool and further enforces that the sheep in this study were able to associate the audio with the virtual fence and not the physical location itself.
Evaluating the Sensitivity of the Mass-Based Particle Removal Calculations for HVAC Filters in ISO 16890 to Assumptions for Aerosol Distributions
Authors: Stephens Brent
Published: February 2018

High efficiency particle air filters are increasingly being recommended for use in heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems to improve indoor air quality (IAQ). ISO Standard 16890-2016 provides a methodology for approximating mass-based particle removal efficiencies for PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 using size-resolved removal efficiency measurements for 0.3 µm to 10 µm particles. Two historical volume distribution functions for ambient aerosol distributions are assumed to represent ambient air in urban and rural areas globally. The goals of this work are to: (i) review the ambient aerosol distributions used in ISO 16890, (ii) evaluate the sensitivity of the mass-based removal efficiency calculation procedures described in ISO 16890 to various assumptions that are related to indoor and outdoor aerosol distributions, and (iii) recommend several modifications to the standard that can yield more realistic estimates of mass-based removal efficiencies for HVAC filters, and thus provide a more realistic representation of a greater number of building scenarios. The results demonstrate that knowing the PM mass removal efficiency estimated using ISO 16890 is not sufficient to predict the PM mass removal efficiency in all of the environments in which the filter might be used. The main reason for this insufficiency is that the assumptions for aerosol number and volume distributions can substantially impact the results, albeit with some exceptions.
Effects of Dietary Vitamin E Supplementation in Bladder Function and Spasticity during Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Cordero Kathia , Coronel Gemma , Serrano-Illán Miguel , Cruz-Bracero Jennifer , Figueroa Johnny , De León Marino
Published: February 2018

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) results in debilitating autonomic dysfunctions, paralysis and significant sensorimotor impairments. A key component of SCI is the generation of free radicals that contributes to the high levels of oxidative stress observed. This study investigates whether dietary supplementation with the antioxidant vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) improves functional recovery after SCI. Female adult Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either with a normal diet or a dietary regiment supplemented with vitamin E (51 IU/g) for eight weeks. The rats were subsequently exposed either to a contusive SCI or sham operation, and evaluated using standard functional behavior analysis. We report that the rats that consumed the vitamin E-enriched diet showed an accelerated bladder recovery and significant improvements in locomotor function relative to controls, as determined by residual volumes and Basso, Beatie, and Bresnaham BBB scores, respectively. Interestingly, the prophylactic dietary intervention did not preserve neurons in the ventral horn of injured rats, but it significantly increased the numbers of oligodendrocytes. Vitamin E supplementation attenuated the depression of the H-reflex (a typical functional consequence of SCI) while increasing the levels of supraspinal serotonin immunoreactivity. Our findings support the potential complementary use of vitamin E to ameliorate sensory and autonomic dysfunctions associated with spinal cord injury, and identified promising new cellular and functional targets of its neuroprotective effects.