bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced In-Situ Anaerobic Bioremediation of TCE-Contaminated Groundwater Using Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI)
Authors: Chen K.F. , Kao C.M. , Sung W.P. , Lin C.C. , Yeh T.Y.
Published: August 2011

In this study, a trichloroethylene (TCE)-spill site was selected to assess the feasibility of enhanced in situ anaerobic bioremediation of TCE-contaminated groundwater using hydrogen as the electron donor produced from nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI). Results of hydrogen production experiments show that nZVI had a good efficiency on hydrogen production. Results of microcosm study show that indigenous microorganisms were capable of degrading TCE under anaerobic reductive dechlorinating conditions. Compared to the live control and autoclaved control microcosms, microcosms with hydrogen addition significantly enhanced the TCE removal rates. Results imply that nZVI can be applied as the source of hydrogen to bioremediate TCE-contaminated groundwater under anaerobic conditions. Except for the biotic mechanism, the supplied nZVI can also cause the TCE degradation via abiotic mechanism through oxidation-reduction process. For field application, if proper doses of iron nanoparticles can be applied in the mid- or downgradient areas, both chemical and biological mechanisms can enhance the removal of the contaminants and their byproducts. Knowledge and comprehension obtained in this study will be helpful in designing an enhanced in situ anaerobic bioremediation system for a TCE-contaminated site. The nZVI treatment scheme would be expected to provide a more cost-effective alternative to remediate chlorinated-solvent contaminated aquifers.
Influence of Nano-Refrigeration-Oil on Saturated Vapor Pressure of R22
Authors: Lou Jiang Feng , Wang Rui Xiang , Zhang Min
Published: August 2011

The saturated vapor pressures of R22 uniformly mixed with refrigeration oil and nano- refrigeration-oil were measured experimentally at a temperature range from 263 to 333K and mass fractions from 1 to 5%. The experimental results showed that the saturated vapor pressure of R22/KT56 mixture was lower than that of pure R22; the pressure deviation between them increased with a raising mass fraction of refrigeration oil and temperature. After adding nano-NiFe2O4 and nano-fullerene into KT56, the pressure deviation increased at the same mass fraction and temperature. A saturated vapor pressure correlation for R22 and refrigeration oil/nano-refrigeration-oil mixture was proposed, and the calculated values agreed with the experimental data within the deviation of ± 0.77%.
Application of Nanocrystalline Magnetic Materials in Electromechanical Devices
Authors: Wang Li Jun , Li Jie Qiong , Wang Hong Jing
Published: August 2011

Application of nanocrystalline magnetic materials in electromechanical devices is increasingly being adopted, helping to solve energy-saving problems and global warming. Compared with conventional silicon steel materials, nanocrystalline materials show faster flux reversal, lower magnetic loss and more versatile property modification, which result in the successful application in modern electronic devices. Nanocrystalline magnetic materials will be increasingly popularized and used in power electronics, telecommunication equipment and electronic article surveillance systems due to the demands for smaller and efficient devices in the future.
Photodegradation of Phenol on Halogen-Doping TiO2 Nanoparticles Composites in Seawater
Authors: Deng Pei Chang , Hu Jie Zhen , Wang Hai Zeng
Published: August 2011

Halogen-doping TiO2 (X/TiO2) have been prepared through a mild hydrothermal route. Using X/TiO2 as the photocatalyst, photodegradation of phenol was observed both in freshwater and seawater. The degradation velocity of phenol in seawater is smaller than it in freshwater. The phenol degradation is influenced by the photocatalyst dosage and pH of seawater. The chemical reaction of the photocatalytic degradation phenol is the zero order reaction. The influence of phenol initial concentration on its degradation velocity is small.
Photoluminescent Enhancement and Blue-Shift of γ-Al2O3 / 8-HQ Nanocomposites
Authors: Liu Xiu Lin , Lian Xiao Xue , Guo Ying , Zou Yun Ling , Li Jian Gang
Published: August 2011

Using γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles and 8-Hydroxyquinoline（8-HQ） as the raw materials, a novel fluorescent material, γ-Al2O3 /8-HQ nanocomposites were firstly synthesized by a simple heat refluxing method. The samples were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and photoluminescence spectroscopy. It is showed that chemical bonds had formed between the surface atoms of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles and 8-HQ molecules. The PL intensity of γ-Al2O3 / 8-HQ nanocomposites was higher than that of both 8-HQ andγ-Al2O3 nanoparticles. Besides, the peak wavelength (488 nm) of the nanocomposite shows a blue shift of 135nm compared with that (623 nm) of 8-HQ particles. In addition, the effect of 8-HQ concentrations on the photoluminescence of nanocomposites was also studied.
Study on Nitrogen-Doped Titania Nanotubes as Visible-Light Responded Photocatalysts
Authors: Shen Yan Fang , Wu Jie , Tao Yong Shan , Li Ming , Jin Hua Zi , Xiong Tian Ying
Published: August 2011

Nitrogen-doped titania nanotubes (TiO2-xNx NTs) were synthesized by the soft chemical process, in which nitrogen-doped titania nanopowders (TiO2-xNx NPs) reacted with strong alkaline solutions (10M). The properties of TiO2-xNx NTs were examined. Experiments on the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) and sulfosalicylic acid (SSA) were also carried out under visible light irradiation.
The Fabrication and Photoelectric Properties of the Nanopillar Arrays for Solar Cell
Authors: Liu Jing , Liao Yuan Xun , Wang Bo , Yi Fu Ting
Published: August 2011

a method combining Csesium Chloride (CsCl) self-assembly and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching has been used to fabricate nanopillars with high aspect ratio structures on sillicon wafer. The silicon surface with nanopillars of average diameter 350nm and aspect ratios 4, like black wafer, has very low reflectivity at a width of light spectrum. After diffusion of phosphorus (P) and passivation of SiO2 layer on the pillars surface, the reflectivity has been reduced more to below 3% for wavelength from 400nm to 800nm, which could meet the requirement of antireflection for solar cells. What’s more, the reflectivity of nanopillar surface could not obey the formula of reflection to increase with the incident angle of light like planar, and has almost unchanged small values at incident angle of 10°-50°. The solar cell with nanopillars has been fabricated with thermal diffusion of P, chemical deposion of Cu electrode with UV lithography. Its I×V output power of photoelectric property has been measured with sunlight at different time in one day corresponding to different incident angle, and measure of common solar cell is done at the same time for comparation. In order to select the inflection factor of incident angle, the data of output power have been united by dividing max value for nanopillar and common solar cells individually. The united curve of nanopillars cell shows obviously larger value than that of common cell at above incident angle of about 15°, which means nanopillars cell could have the potential ability to offer more electric energy production daily than that of common solar cell.
Frabrication and Photoluminesence of ZnO Nanobelt with Superlength Nanocantilevers
Authors: Zhou Ming Yu , Qu Liang Sheng , Tian Bao Guo , Li Hui
Published: August 2011

ZnO nanobelts with ultralong nanocantilevers were synthesized by evaporating ZnO powders. The nanobelts have an average width of 200nm and thickness of 50nm. It grows along the direction, with±(2110) and±(0001)side surfaces. The growth direction of the nanocantilevers is along [0001], perpendicular to the (0001) side surface of the nanobelts and they have ultralong length, even to tens of micrometers. The growth mechanism and dynamics of the nanostructures are proposed. The surface polarization as an important factor for formed the growth of nanocantilevers. Because of the ultra-long nanocantilevers, this structure could be potentially useful as nanocantilever arrays for nanosensors and nanotweezers. The room-temperature photoluminescence of ZnO nanostructures is discussed.
Dependence of the Fracture Toughness on the Sintering Time of Dense Hydroxyapatite Bioceramics
Authors: Tolouei Ranna , Ramesh Singh , Sopyan Iis , Tan Chou Yong , Amiriyan Mahdi , Teng Wan Dung
Published: August 2011

Fracture toughness dependence of sintered hydroxyapatite (HA) bioceramics on the sintering time was studied. The nanocrystalline and highly pure Hydroxyapatite powders produced by wet chemical precipitation method were used as starting material. After uniaxial and cold isostatic pressing, the green HA samples sintered at temperatures ranging from 1000 °C to 1300 °C with different sintering time. Dense compacts with grain sizes in the nanometer to micrometer range were processed. The average grain size of HA compact sintered at 1000 °C was around 500 nm. Grain size increased to 3 µm when the compacts were sintered at higher temperature. The average microhardness value of sintered HA decreased with an increased in grain size. Indentation fracture toughness for HA compacts of 700 nm grain size was 1.41±0.4 MPa.m1/2 which is similar to fracture toughness of human cortical bone.
Determination of Size Distribution of Dispersed Nanophases and Spaces among them in PVC/MBS Blends by TEM Image Analysis
Authors: Liu Zhen Yu , Li Hong Tao , Yin Feng Fu , Li Yu Xiang , Yu Yuan Zhang , Li Zheng Min
Published: August 2011

The size of dispersed nanophases and spaces among them are important factors effeted on toughness of plastic-rubber blends. In order to determine the size distribution of dispersed nanophases and spaces among them, a quantitative method was established by image analysis and transmission electron microscopy of ultra-thin PVC/MBS slices stained by OsO4. Two PVC/MBS blends samples were determined.
Selective Synthesis of Boron Nitride Nanotubes
Authors: Zhang Lai Ping , Wang Ji Lin , Zhao Guo Wei , Zhang Zhan Hui , Zhang Fang , Gu Yun Le , Wang Wei Min
Published: August 2011

Four types of boron nitride (BN) nanotubes are selectively synthesized by annealing porous precursor in flowing NH3 and NH3/H2 atmosphere at temperature ranging from 1000 to 1200°C in a vertical furnace. The as-synthesized BN nanotubes, including cylinder, wave, bamboo and bubble-chain, are characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Selectivity of BN nanotubes is estimated as approximately 80 to 95%. The porous precursor B31Fe17(MgO)27 prepared by self-propagation high-temperature synthesis (SHS) method plays a key role in controllable synthesis of the as-grown BN nanotubes. The chemical reaction and annealing mechanism are also discussed.
Effect of Nano-AlN on the Friction Performance of Cu-Based Friction Material
Authors: Du Jian Hua , Zang Yan , Zhu Xiao Ying
Published: August 2011

The Cu-based friction materials with nano-AlN (n-AlN) particles were prepared by powder metallurgy technology. The friction performance of the friction materials was investigated through test rig. The microstructure and worn morphology were studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the coefficient of the Cu-based friction materials with 0.75 wt % n-AlN is high and stable. Comparing with the traditional friction materials without n-AlN, the wear resistance and heat resistance of the friction materials with n-AlN has been improved by 25 % and 18 %, respectively. The n-AlN particles can reduced the abrasive wear and enhance the wear resistance of the Cu-based friction materials.
Comparative Study on Effects of GA Nanoparticles Suspension and Unprocessed GA Solution on Oral Bioavailability, Hepatic Function and Liver Antioxidant Enzymes Activities in Carbon Tetrachloride–Induced Liver Damage Rats
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wei Wei , Zu Yuan Gang , Yang Lei , Zhao Xiu Hua , Zu Bai Shi
Published: August 2011

Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), the main component from Radix glycyrrihizae, has a variety of pharmacological actions. In present study, GA nanoparticles suspension was prepared by supercritical anti-solvent (SAS) process and high-press homogenization process, and comparative studies were done on oral bioavailability, hepatic function and liver antioxidative activities in carbon tetrachloride–induced liver damage rats after treated with GA nanosuspension and unprocessed GA solution. Micronized CA under the optimum SAS conditions and CA nanosuspension prepared by high-pressure homogenization with the average particle size of about 80nm were obtained. GA nanoparticles suspension, compared with the unprocessed GA can significantly enhance the oral bioavailability. For carbon tetrachloride–induced liver damage rats, GA nanoparticles suspension can significantly reduce the release of ALTand AST. The plasma ALT and AST levels of GA supplementation were effective in decreasing up to 55 and 78.6 percent of model control group, respectively. For the GA solution group, the plasma ALT and AST levels were in decreasing up to 62.8 and 84.5 percent of model control group, respectively. GA nanosuspension could also significantly reduce plasma MDA and enhance SOD, GSH-Px and CAT activity. The CAT, SOD and GSH-Px activities increased by GA nanosuspension were about 1.31-fold, 1.43-fold and 1.28-fold of the unprocessed GA solution group, respectively. These results indicated that the GA nanoparticles suspension can be absorbed more easily than unprocessed GA after oral administration.
Preparation of Polyacrylate/ZnO Nanocomposite
Authors: Liu Jun Li , Ma Jian Zhong , Bao Yan , Zhu Zhen Feng , Liu Yi Hong , Zheng Ying
Published: August 2011

In this study, ZnO sol was prepared by sol-gel method with zinc acetate, triethanolamine and sodium hydroxide as the main material. Then obtained ZnO sol was directly blended with polyacrylate latex to prepare polyacrylate/ZnO nanocomposite. The effects of ZnO sol contents on the mechanical properties and water absorption of polyacrylate/ZnO nanocomposite were investigated in details. The results showed tensile strength of polyacrylate/ZnO nanocomposite reduced, and water absorption of it increased with the increasing of ZnO sol. Transmission electron micrograph (TEM) analysis indicated ZnO sol dispersed uniformly and the size of it was about 20nm. Scanning electronic microscope (SEM) analysis showed ZnO sol and polyacrylate have good compatibility, however, ZnO sol would condensate and form short rods structure during the film forming process.
Apatite-Leucite Micro/Nano Crystals from Aluminosilicate Glasses for Dental Applications
Authors: Sooksaen Pat , Panyusoh Faisol , Atthapinan Siwat , Wae Noh Wonrawee
Published: August 2011

Needle-like apatite-leucite glass-ceramics were synthesized in the SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O-K2O-P2O5 CaO-CaF2 system. Four glass batches were prepared by varying SiO2/P2O5 ratio, then melted and quenched. Crystallization was studied in compacted powder samples at different temperatures. Glasses were characterized for chemical bonding by FT-IR, phases and crystal structure by XRD, microstructure by SEM and hardness and fracture toughness by Vickers microhardness.
The Grinding Revision of the Diamond Grinder of the Carbide Scraping Hob
Authors: Liu Hu Ran
Published: August 2011

In order generate the carbide involutes scraping hob, a diamond grinder is needed to grind its shape. But the diamond grinder can not be revised by a traditional reviser. The only way to revise a diamond grinder is by another ordinary grinder. By employ a traditional grinder of large diameter and with high velocity, step by step, we can finally revise the diamond grinder to the shape of required. This paper introduced a new method to calculate and analysis the profile. This paper also researched the theoretical basis of this new method.
The Study of a MEMS Magnetic Field Sensor Based on “Cross-Shape” Ferromagnetic Film
Authors: Lin Qi Bin , Du Guang Tao
Published: August 2011

Novel magnetic field sensors are based on a “cross-shape” ferromagnetic film (FMF) attached to a silicon diaphragm and piezoresistive membrane. The interaction between the magnetic field and the (FMF) generates a deflection of the diaphragm, which changes the piezoresistance and unbalances a Wheatstone bridge. The effect of FMF and silicon diaphragm thickness on the sensor performance is studied by the finite element simulation. The performance of sensor can be improved by optimizing the size of “cross-shape” FMF. These low-cost, low-power sensors are easily integrated with electronic circuits.
Photodegradation of Rhodamine B in Water by ETS-10 Prepared through a Novel Titanium Source
Authors: Wang Ling Ling , Jin Hai Ying , Bing Nai Ci , Wang Li Jun
Published: August 2011

Well-crystallized ETS-10 was prepared using TiO2 prepared by industrial propane/air turbulent flame CVD process as a novel titanium source. The synthesis parameters have been studied in detail The photodegradation of a dye solution, rhodamine B (RhB), assisted by ETS-10 was studied. The result showed that the well-crystallized titanosilicate ETS-10 induced complete degradation of RhB in water after 2h illumination under a 300W high-pressure mercury lamp.
Hopping Probe Ion Conductance Microscopy and its Combined Patch-Clamping：A Powerful Tool for Structural and Functional Studies in Neural Nanobiology
Authors: Zhao Xin Liang , Liu Xiao , Lu Hu Jie , Ma Li Ying , Gao Rui Ling , Zhang Jian Ning , Gao Mo Jie , Zhang Yan Jun
Published: August 2011

Continuous high-resolution observations of cell membrane would greatly aid the elucidation of the relationship between structure and function and facilitate the study of physiological processing in cell biology. However, high-resolution studying living neuron membrane structures and its functions is still a challenge in current nanobiology. The new developed Hoping Probe Ion Conductance Microscopy (HPICM) is designed for non-contact continuous high-resolution topographic imaging of living cells under physiological conditions. In this review, we concisely introduced the basic operation principle of HPICM and its applications in high spatial resolution imaging of two living neuron cell models, N-type SK-N-SH cells and NGF-differentiated sympathetic neuron-like PC12 cells. Combining HPICM with patch-clamp technique, we further investigated the functional ion-channel of under-differentiated neuron-like PC12 cells and demonstrated that NGF treatment promoted the outgrowth of neurites and increased the activity of TTX-sensitive sodium channel. All these results demonstrate that HPICM combined with patch-clamp technique offers high-resolution topographic imaging of living neurons with non-contact — making HPICM an ideal high-resolution imaging technique not to interact/interfere with living neurons during image acquisition, and provides detailed information about the relationship between membrane structures and ion-channel functions of living neurons at the same time, which has the potential to become a powerful microscopy for in-depth researching in neural nanobiology.
Catalytic Degradation of Reactive Golden Yellow CRL Using Iron Doped Zinc Oxide
Authors: Tariq Atika , Nazir Rabia , Aman Tehseen , Ahmad Kazi Asrar , Deeba Farah
Published: August 2011

Iron-doped Zinc oxide, synthesized using wet chemical technique, was employed to degrade a commonly used textile dye namely Reactive Golden Yellow dye CRL in order to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of the catalyst towards degradation. The degradation efficiency was evaluated by studying the effects of parameters like initial dye concentration (0.05-0.25mg), catalyst amount (0.1-1.0g), temperature (25-100°C), pH (1-14) and contact time (10-120min). The percentage degradation was calculated from residual concentration spectrophotometrically. It was found that optimum degradation was obtained using 0.5g of the catalyst and maintaining temperature and pH at 85oC and 5, respectively for the contact time of 60min.
Photocatalytic Treatment of MO in Water with BiOBr Photocatalyst
Authors: Zhao Xiao Xia , Wang Yan , Shi Zhu Qing , Fan Cai Mei
Published: August 2011

The BiOBr catalyst prepared by the hydrolysis method was investigated with the X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the catalyst was the tetragonal primitive crystal structure and composed of homogeneous particles of fine ferrite plates. At the same time, the photocatalytic activity of BiOBr catalyst was evaluated by methylene orange (MO) in aqueous solution illuminated by Xenon lamp, and the degradation process parameters, such as initial concentration of MO, initial pH value and amount of BiOBr catalyst were discussed to the degradation rate of the MO. Under the following experimental conditions of C0=10mg/L, pH=8, m(BiOBr)=1.0g/L, MO can be entirely degraded after 2.5 hours.
Temperature Induced Morphology Transformation of ZnO under Hydrothermal Condition
Authors: Li Yan Wei , Sun Guang , Cao Jian Liang , Bala Hari , Wang Yan , Wang Jie , Wu Xiao Shuai , Zhang Zhan Ying
Published: August 2011

ZnO nanostructures with different morphology were successfully prepared via a hexamethylendiamine-assisted hydrothermal synthesis route by only adjusting reaction temperature. The prepared ZnO samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution TEM (HRTEM). Results indicated that uniform flake-like ZnO nanoparticles with a similar thickness of about 70 nm and flower-like ZnO nanostructures assembled by prism-like nanorods were prepared at 120 °C and 180 °C, respectively. Possible mechanisms for the formation of ZnO with different morphologies were discussed. The photocatalytic properties of the as-prepared flake-like ZnO nanoparticles and flower-like ZnO nanostructures were studied.
Polyimide Electronic Structural and Optical Properties from First Principles Calculations
Authors: Lin Jia Qi , Leng Jing , Xia Ming Hui , Shi Jun Hui , Chi Qing Guo
Published: August 2011

The electronic structural and optical properties of Polyimide (PI) are studied by first principle method of density theory. It is shown that molecules orbit contribution of PI is derived from carbon 2p orbital and oxygen 2p orbital, respectively,and the band gap from the energy band structure is much smaller than that of the experimental value. It is also found that the band gap calculated from the absorption edge of absorption spectra is in agreement with the result of the energy band structure. Furthermore, the relationship between the formation of dielectric function peaks and other spectral characteristics is interpreted.
The Difference between Rare Earth Ions and Alkaline Earth Metal Ions in DNA Condensation Process
Authors: Zhang Jun , Shi Xiao Ting , Guo Wei , Zhang Zhong , Yang Hong
Published: August 2011

The structural transition of DNA double-stranded induced by Ce3+ or Mg2+ ions was investigated in this paper. By atomic force microscopy, different types of condensed DNA structures were observed at the presence of Ce3+ or Mg2+ ions. The results show that there are some differences between rare earth ions and alkaline earth metal ions in the DNA condensation process.
Influence of Nickel Film Thicknesses on Dark Current-Voltage Characteristics of Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Li Tao , Zhou Chun Lan , Liu Zhen Gang , Wang Wen Jing , Song Yang , Gao Zhi Hua , Duan Ye , Li You Zhong
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the dark current-voltage characteristics of p-n junction of silicon solar cells are analysed, with different nickel film thicknesses of 200nm, 400nm and 600nm. The formation of nickel silicide is obtained after the thermal annealing process for 1min, 5min and 10min. The dark current-voltage curves obtained by three kinds of annealing temperature as a function of time are achieved in experiment. The improvement of series resistance extracted from the dark current-voltage curve in the upper voltage range is observed. The influence of nickel film thicknesses on dark current-voltage characteristics of silicon solar cells is confirmed.
Structural and Electronic Properties of c-BC2N Supper Hard Material: an Ab-Initio Study
Authors: Zheng Yong Ping , Wei Ning , Fan Zhe Yong , Xu Lan Qing , Huang Zhi Gao
Published: August 2011

In this paper, first-principles calculations are performed to study the influence of atomic design on the structural and electronic properties of pseudo-cubic BC2N. The calculated results indicate that atomic structures and bond configurations have significant effects on the electronic properties. From band structure and total density of state, it is found that there exist five semiconductor configurations and two semi-metal configurations in pesudo-cubic BC2N. Within LDA approximation, the predicted band gaps vary from 0.7 eV to 2.6 eV for the five semiconductor configurations. A recently proposed band gap calculation method, termed Δ-sol method, is applied to correct the obtained energy band gaps, and the corrected range is from 2.9 eV to 4.4 eV. These results indicate that the band gap tuning in super hard materials can be implemented via atomic design.
Experimental Research and Analysis on Micro Electrode Fabricated by Electrochemical Etching
Authors: Wang He Bin , Guo Zhong Ning , Han Zi Ping
Published: August 2011

Electrochemical etching is a perfect method to fabricate micro cylinder electrode, but there is deviation on its precision because the tapered error of the electrode occurs. In this paper, we make some experiment and simulation analysis about the error so as to find out the influencing factors and to seek some effective solutions.
Photoluminescence Characteristics of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dot Doped Fibers in Different Matrices
Authors: Peng Xue Feng
Published: August 2011

Photoluminescence characteristics of CdSe/ZnS quantum dot (QD) doped fibers in different matrices (toluene and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) sol) are investigated in this paper. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the QD doped fiber with different fiber lengths and doped concentrations are measured. Effects of the doped concentration and fiber length on the spectra are also discussed. Compared with the measured PL spectra of CdSe/ZnS QD before doping in the fiber in different matrices, there are different red shifts after the QD is doped into the fiber due to re-absorption/excitation effects. The transportation loss of the fiber is related with such red shifts.
Effect of Cooling Rate on the Microstructure of Cu80Cr20 Alloys
Authors: Zhou Z.M. , Huang W.J. , Luo J. , Li X.P. , Zhou T. , Lei B.B. , Wang C.H. , Xia H. , Peng C.Y.
Published: August 2011

The effect of cooling rate on the microstructure of Cu80Cr20 alloys was studied by using vacuum non-consumable arc melting, vacuum induction melting, electromagnetic levitation and splat quenching. The microstructure evolution of the Cr-rich were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. The results showed that nonuniform Cr-rich dendrite distributes on Cu-rich matrix for arc melted alloys and uniform Cr-rich dendrite distributes on Cu-rich matrix for electromagnetic levitation melted alloys and vacuum induction melted alloys. However, the Cr-rich phase show both dendrites and spheroids for splat quenched alloys. This means liquid phase separation occurred during rapid solidification.
Study on the Performance of Amorphous Nickel Hydroxide Codoped with Ce and Fe
Authors: Liu Chang Jiu , Xing Chun Xiao , Chen Shi Juan
Published: August 2011

Amorphous nickel hydroxide powders codoped with Ce and Fe were synthesized by the combined chemical precipitation and rapid freezing method. The microstructure and chemical composition of the samples was characterized by XRD,SAED and EDS. The electrochemical performance of the prepared samples was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and charge-discharge tests. The results showed that this amorphous nickel hydroxide codoped with Ce and Fe had more structural defects than those of Fe singly doped amorphous nickel hydroxide. These abundant structural defects with Ce and Fe codoped amorphous nickel hydroxide increased the thermal stability, decreased the charge transfer resistance, inhibited oxygen evolution reaction effectively and improved the electrochemical reversibility of the amorphous nickel hydroxide electrode.
Effect of Atomic Structures and Clusters on Deformation Behaviors in the Binary Zr50Cu50 Amorphous System
Authors: Dang Yi Zong , Wang Lu , Fan Qun Bo
Published: August 2011

The deformation micromechanism of Zr50Cu50 bulk metallic glasses under compress loading is studied by means of molecular dynamics. The modified self part of the Van Hove function is used to evaluate the transport properties of clusters in deformation behaviors. It is found that the instable clusters are restricted by the ‘backbone’, a kind of three dimensional network structure formed by close-pack clusters. Local shear transformation zone (STZ) is initially formed in these instable clusters, merge with each other and generate eventually a whole STZ, which penetrates the glasses matrix when the backbone is destroyed with increasing loading.
The Research of the Chemistry Composition of High Temperature Oxidization under Loads for the Cr5Mo Alloy
Authors: Chen Shun Qing , Ma Yu Min
Published: August 2011

The chemistry composition of the high temperature oxidization under loads has been analyzed for the Cr5Mo alloy in this paper. The experimental research to the Fe, Cr and O elements have also been done. The difference between loads and no loads has been emphasized to the chemistry elements of the Cr5Mo alloy. The experimental results showed that the temperature couldn’t change the rate of the chemistry elements, but the loads could change them. The chemistry elements Fe ，Mo and Cr could change more obvious than other elements of the Cr5Mo alloy in this paper.
Synthesis of Stable Oil Dispersions of Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Li Dan
Published: August 2011

Hydrophobic silver nanoparticles have been carried out by use of ascorbic acid in cyclohexylamine and aqueous medium. Nanosilver can be effectively coated with oleic acid and possesses oil-soluble property. Oleic acid as an extractant is also effective at stabilizing particles of similar size in an oil phase when the AgNO3 is reduced in a coexisting aqueous phase. Stable spherical silver nanoparticles 15~25 nm in diameter with a well-crystallized structure were obtained at 120 °C. The thermal stability of surface-coated silver prepared in cyclohexylamine solution was monitored by UV-vis spectral analysis.
The Design of Electroporation Device Based on Dielectrophoresis with its Application on the Control of Monoplast
Authors: Zhe Wang , Qin Xian , Fan Jiao Rong
Published: August 2011

TAS is aimed at applying the operation of biochemical analysis on microchips, and its advantages have drawn great attention. This paper demonstrates a different approach to realize the capture of single cells [1]. By exerting electrode on the bottom or the top of fluid piping, it can produce the non-uniform electric field required by dielectrophoresis device. As for the application, it mainly lies in three aspects: electroporation of monoplast, dynamic fostering of monoplast array, and cell graphical techniques [2].
Television Part of Plastic Mold Design Based on CAE
Authors: Zhou Jian , Li Li Jun , Hu Yi Hua , Wang Ming Chao
Published: August 2011

The article points out the television plastic part size,giving the general design route,then describing the general design process of television back shell by Pro/E.The mold design also is introduced,including mold cavity distrubition, size determining of cavity mold and punch mold, selection of mold frame, set of pushing rod and stripping, sizes of part and mold, side core-drawing mechanism, cooling system design, mold’s assembly,through simulation,the mold’s design can be determined whether good or bad.
The New Method in Scraping the Back Off Surface of Side Edge of the Carbide Hob
Authors: Liu Hu Ran
Published: August 2011

The paper determines the shape of grinding wheel by the contact condition, not by the cutting edges, and introduced the NC grinding. After regrinding the cutting edge has at least 2 points coincided with the theoretical edge, even after regrinding for many times. So that increased the length of regrinding of the hob.
Effect of Particle Size on Hydrogen Reduction Reaction Kinetics Parameters of Cu2O Powders
Authors: Li Zai Yuan , Yu Kai , Gao Yun , Liu Jie , Jin Duo , Zhai Yu Chun
Published: August 2011

The 0.4mol•L-1CuSO4 liquor and 5mol•L-1NaOH liquor were prepared by CuSO4•5H2O and NaOH as raw materials. The Cu2O powders were prepared by dextrose reducer and PVP dispersant. The DTA-TG-DTG curves obtaining is by SDT 2960 Simultaneous DSC-TGA analysis apparatus. The mensuration condition that rise temperature velocity was 15°C•min-1 and reduction reaction gas was N2 and H2 admixture gas. The kinetics was analysed by DTA-TG-DTG curves. The result indicate that form of CuO was sphericity，the CuO granularity was about 100、200、1000nm. The apparent activation energy leave each other 165.24、247.65、327.01 KJ•mol-1, increase with granularity Cu2O. The frequency gene leave each other 1.22×1016、2.84×1022、1.41×1030, increase with granularity Cu2O. The reaction progression leave each other 1.20、1.12、1.05, decrease with granularity Cu2O.
Research on Interfacial Coordination of Trigonal Schiff Base Compound with Hydrophobic Core and Aromatic Periphery at Air/Water Interface
Authors: Jiao Ti Feng , Zhou Jing Xin
Published: August 2011

Great interest has been given to the Schiff base amphiphiles with special molecular structures because of their unique properties. In this article, we report some interesting properties of the interfacial films formed by a newly designed trigonal amphiphiles Schiff base containing hydrophobic core and aromatic periphery. This novel Schiff base amphiphile could be spread to form stable monolayers and coordinated with Cu(Ac)2 in situ in the monolayer. The coordination with Cu(II) ion has a great effect on the regulation of the properties of the Langmuir monolayers. A larger limiting molecular area was observed for the monolayers of the trigonal amphiphile on Cu(II) ions subphase. Both the monolayers on water and on the aqueous Cu(Ac)2 subphase were transferred onto solid substrates, and different morphologies were observed for films. The present work provided new insight into the design and interfacial assembly of novel Schiff base amphiphiles with special molecular structures and substituted groups.
Fabrication of α-Fe2O3 Nanowires by Thermal Oxidation Method
Authors: Li Ling , Wang Hai , Jiang Hong Wei
Published: August 2011

A large area of hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanowires has been successfully synthesized by thermal oxidation of iron foil in an atmosphere environment. The effects on the growth of nanowires have been systematically studied by adjusting the oxidizing environment as well as the reacting temperature and annealing time. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Optimum condition was obtained by annealing sample at 600°C for four hours in oxygen-poor environment. Nanowires with dense, high aspect ratio and sharp tips were observed. The average diameter and length of the nanowires was 80 nm and 5μm, respectively.
Influence of Anodization Parameters on the Growth Rate and Morphology of the TiO2 Nanotube Arrays
Authors: Wang Yan , Wu Yu Cheng , Qin Yong Qiang , Cui Jie Wu , Zheng Hong Mei
Published: August 2011

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes (TN) are an ideal nano-structured materials due to its promising applications in various scientific areas. Highly ordered TN arrays (TNAs) fabricated by electrochemical anodization proved to one of the exciting achievements during the past decades. In this paper, we did a series of experiments to investigate the influence of anodization parameters on the growth rate and morphology of the TNAs. And the results suggested that the anodization voltage, as well as the concentration of the anodization electrolyte, had a significant impact on the morphology of the TNAs. In-depth discussion for the TNAs was also presented.
Preparation of Silver-Doped TiO2 Photoatalyst via a Simple Sol-Hydrothermal and their Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Guo Li , Fu Feng , Wang Dan Jun , Qiang Xiao Dan , Wei Qing Bo , Wu Yu Fei
Published: August 2011

Silver-doped nano-TiO2 photocatalyst were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal route. The samples were characterized by XRD, XPS, FE-SEM and UV-Vis absorption spectrum techniques. Rhodamine B was selected as the model-pollutant to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the samples. The XRD results indicated that the Ag-doped TiO2 were pure anatase phase. The UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed that the Ag doping can increase the absorption intensity of TiO2 in the visible region, which results in the improving the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 photocatalyst. Photocatalytic experimental results revealed that Ag-doping TiO2 catalyst shows the enhancement photocatalytic activity.
Performance on GaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes with Different Substrate Tilt Angles
Authors: Liou Jian Kai , Liu Yi Jing , Cheng Shiou Ying , Chou Po Cheng , Chen Chiun Chia , Liu Wen Chau
Published: August 2011

The electrostatic discharge (ESD) performance of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with naturally-textured p-GaN contact layers grown on c-axis miscut sapphire substrates are studied. During machine model tests, the device grown on a 0.35° miscut sapphire shows the highest ESD tolerance, while the one grown on a 0.2° miscut sapphire exhibits the poorest tolerance. It is discovered that this effect correlates with the presence of maximum capacitance (Cm) values, over the difference in defect densities between LEDs. The variation in Cm values is caused by parasitic capacitance effect induced by different p-GaN surface morphologies between the studied devices. This observation gives us more reliable application in improving ESD performance based on the device grown on a 0.35° miscut sapphire.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of N-TiO2/Sepiolite Nanocomposite
Authors: Chen Dai Mei , Ji Hai Peng , Wang Jian Xin , Chen Jian , Wu Zheng Ming , Xia Zhi Guo
Published: August 2011

To utilize visible light and separate of TiO2 nanoparticles more efficiently in photocatalytic reactions, nitrogen doped TiO2/sepiolite composites (N-TiO2/sep) with different nitrogen contents were prepared by a sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis spectroscopy. XRD showed that anatase-TiO2 nanoparticles were loaded on the surface of sepiolite. XPS revealed that N atoms could incorporate into the lattice of anatase TiO2 substituting the sites of oxygen atoms. UV-vis spectroscopy showed that the visible light absorption of N-TiO2/sep samples decreased with the increase of calciantion temperature and increased with the increase of N content. The photocatalytic activities of obtained N-TiO2/sep samples were evaluated by methylene blue degradation under visible light irradiation. It was found that the N-TiO2/sep samples had the higher photocatalytic activity than that of TiO2/sep.
The Profile Calculation and the Best Fillet of Powder Metallurgical Gears
Authors: Liu Hu Ran
Published: August 2011

this paper researched the profile calculation and the best fillet of powder metallurgical gears. Different from the ordinary gears, we must research the locals of the cutter to make the die of the powder metallurgical gears. And it is possible to revise the fillet in order to increase the bending strength of the powder metallurgical gears.
Effects of CNT Concentration and Heat Treatment on Micro-Hardness of Ni-P-CNTs Composite Coatings
Authors: Sun Wan Chang
Published: August 2011

As a new carbon material, carbon nanotubes have excellent mechanical properties and special tubular structure, CNTs can be used as a reinforce body to improve the hardness and tribological performance. In this paper, Ni-P-CNTs composite coatings were successfully co-deposited by electroless plating. The optimum plating process was determined, and the effects of CNTs and heat treatment on hardness of the composite coatings were investigated. The hardness of the composite coatings was greatly improved after heat treatment. Moreover, as the increase of CNT concentration in the plating bath, the micro-hardness of the coatings was also increased.
Study on a NmAl2O3/Epoxy Compound Wear-Resisting Coating Applied in Flood Discharging Structure of Hydraulic Works
Authors: Xu Xue Feng , Cai Yue Bo , Sun Hong Yao
Published: August 2011

Aiming at the character that flood discharging structure of hydraulic works can be destroyed by high-speed current mixed with sand and grits, nmAl2O3 can be adopted to strengthen the flexibility and intensity of epoxy resin and an epoxy compound nmAl2O3 Wear-resisting coating has been found. Moreover several key factors influencing the performance of coating were discussed.
Performance of a GaAs-Based Pseudomorphic High Electron Mobility Transistor (PHEMT) with an Electroless-Plated Treated Gate
Authors: Huang Chien Chang , Chen Chun Chia , Liou Jian Kai , Chou Po Cheng , Chen Huey Ing , Cheng Shiou Ying , Liu Wen Chau
Published: August 2011

An interesting GaAs based pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (PHEMT) with an electroless-plated (EP) surface treated gate is fabricated and studied. Based on the low-temperature and low-energy deposition conditions, the EP approach can form better metal-semiconductor (M-S) interface with the reduction in surface thermal damages and disordered-states. The material analyses of EP approach, including Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM), are examined. The DC performance of EP-gate device is investigated. In addition, the temperature influences of the studied devices, at the temperature region of 300 to 500K, are studied. As compared with the conventional thermal evaporation (TE) approach, the EP-based device shows significantly improved DC characteristics over a wide temperature range (300-500K). Moreover, the EP approach also has advantages of easy operation and low cost.
Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Varying Thickness of Bathocuproine Layer
Authors: Zhong Gao Yu , Fang Pei Yuan , Cao Yong Ming
Published: August 2011

A series of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with or without a bathocuproine (BCP) layer inserted in the control device indium-tin-oxide (ITO)\ N,N'-bis-(1-naphthl)-diphenyl-1,1'- biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (NPB)\ tris(8-quinolinolato) aluminum (Alq)\LiF\Al have been fabricated and measured. Different influences of the BCP layer on electroluminescence (EL) of the OLEDs have been investigated. It is found that the highest efficiency of the OLED with a 1-nm BCP layer inserted between NPB and Alq increases to 3.99 cd/A, ~48% higher than that of the control device, while the EL efficiencies of the devices with other structures are similar to the latter. This phenomenon is ascribed to the hole-blocking effect of the BCP layer and the resulting higher density of carriers in the emission zone of the OLED. The EL performances of the OLEDs with different thicknesses of BCP layer are also discussed in details.
Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of VO2(B) Nano-Belts
Authors: Qiao Yu Long , Ma Yong Jun , Luo Qing Ping , Pei Chong Hua
Published: August 2011

The VO2(B) nanobelts with monoclinic phase were synthesized by a hydrothermal method at 220°C for 48 h in the absence of any surfactants. The electron energy loss spectrum (EELS) demonstrates that vanadium exists only in the 4+ oxidation state. The SEM and TEM images reveal a belt-like structure of the VO2(B) with the length of several micrometers, the width of 140 nm and the thickness of around 20nm and growth along the [110] crystal direction. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge demonstrate that VO2(B) nano-belts electrode exhibits desirable electrochemical properties and the specific capacitance reaches up to 632.6F•g-1.
Propagation Characteristics of Longitudinal Displacement Wave in Micropolar Fluid with Micropolar Elastic Plate
Authors: Sun Qing Yong , Xu Hong Yu , Liang Bin
Published: August 2011

Based on micropolar fluid theory and micropolar solid elasticity theory, reflection and transmission characteristics of three kinds of micropolar elastic waves, which are longitudinal displacement wave and two coupled waves, were studied when incident longitudinal displacement wave propagated in micropolar fluid with micropolar elastic plate. Using numerical example, the variations of various amplitudes are also shown against the angle of incidence and the variation characteristics of various amplitudes are discussed. Results show that there exist maximum values of reflection and transmission coefficient for coupled wave, however, there exist minimum values of reflection coefficient for longitudinal displacement wave, and transmission coefficient decreases with the incident angle and the transmission coefficient are smaller for bigger incident angle.
The Research on Ferromagnetism of the Y Doped ZnO Film
Authors: Lan Zhi Huan , Miao Xiu Juan
Published: August 2011

We have calculated the energy band structure of spin-polarized electronic in Zn15Y1O16 and Zn14Y1O16 and the formation energy of Zn10Y4O16 in the ferromagnetical and antiferromagnetical state by the linear augmented plane wave based on the local density approximation. The results show that the Y doped ZnO film may be ferromagnetic and Zn vacancy (VZn) is the origin of ZnO thin film with Y doping.
A Facile Method to Fabricate Monodispersed SBA-15 Spheres
Authors: Du Ming Xia , Xu Mao Zhen , Li Wen Zhi
Published: August 2011

Micrometer-sized mesoporous silica SBA-15 spheres with good dispersivity were successfully synthesized by adding the soluble starch into the aqueous solution containing P123 and tetraethyl orthosilicate, based on the special function of water-soluble polymer in the sol-gel process. The obtained SBA-15 silica spheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and N2 physisorption technique. The obtained SBA-15 spheres possessed pore size from 17.4 nm to 24.3 nm and the specific surface area from 565.3 m2 g-1 to 459.4 m2 g-1. Furthermore, the dispersibility of SBA-15 silica spheres was good. The results showed that appropriate amount of soluble starch improved the uniformity and dispersibility of silica spheres, while the structure and pore size of the obtained SBA-15 silica spheres with hexagonal symmetry created by P123 remained unchanged.
The Effect on the Surface of Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr by Laser Shock Peening
Authors: Nie Xiang Fan , Long Ni Dong , He Wei Feng , Li Qi Peng
Published: August 2011

Under the terrible environment in the aero-engine, the blade, made of Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr titanium alloy, is prone to result in fatigue failure. So improving the titanium alloy performance is becoming very significant. In this paper, the microstructure and microhardness of Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr titanium alloy with and without laser shock peening (LSP) were examined and compared by XRD, TEM and microhardness test. The XRD tests pointed out that LSP generated the microstrains and grains refinement in the material surface. The TEM results indicated that great high density dislocations were generated and evolved into the dislocation wall, small-angle boundary and large-angle boundary. The nanocrystallites were formed and became more and more uniform after 4GW/cm2. The grains nanocrystallization in the surface layer helps to improve the material performance. The microhardness test result showed that LSP could increase the hardness by 20 percent or so. And the affected depth is about 700μm.