bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diffusion- and Perfusion-weighted MRI Radiomics for Survival Prediction in Patients with Lower-grade Gliomas
Authors: Park Chae Jung , Kim Sooyon , Han Kyunghwa , Ahn Sung Soo , Kim Dain , Park Yae Won , Chang Jong Hee , Kim Se Hoon , Lee Seung-Koo
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Lower-grade gliomas of histologic grade 2 and 3 follow heterogenous clinical outcomes, which necessitates risk stratification. This study aimed to evaluate whether diffusion-weighted and perfusion-weighted MRI radiomics allow overall survival (OS) prediction in patients with lower-grade gliomas and investigate its prognostic value.
Methods
In this retrospective study, radiomic features were extracted from apparent diffusion coefficient, relative cerebral blood volume map, and Ktrans map in patients with pathologically confirmed lower-grade gliomas (January 2012 – February 2019). The radiomics risk score (RRS) calculated from selected features constituted a radiomics model. Multivariable Cox regression analysis, including clinical features and RRS, were performed. The models’ integrated area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (iAUC) were compared. The radiomics model combined with clinical features was presented as a nomogram.
Results
The study included 129 patients (median age, 44 years; interquartile range, 37–57 years; 66 women): 90 patients for training, and 39 patients for test set. The RRS was an independent risk factor for OS with a hazard ratio of 6.01. The combined clinical and radiomics model achieved superior performance for OS prediction compared to the clinical model in both training (iAUC, 0.82 vs. 0.72, P = .002) and test sets (0.88 vs. 0.76, P = .04). The radiomics nomogram combined with clinical features exhibited good agreement between the actual and predicted OS with C-index of 0.83 and 0.87 in the training and test set, respectively.
Conclusion
Adding diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI radiomics to clinical features improved survival prediction in lower-grade glioma.
Effects of Timothy Cladosporium Eyespot on Photosynthesis and Biomass
Authors: Yang Bo , Li Yan zhong
Published: June 2022

Timothy is a forage mainly grown in Min County, Gansu Province, China. An outbreak of a leaf spot disease infecting timothy grass occurred in Min County in 2020. Therefore, this study investigated the disease incidence in Min County and neighboring counties, and isolated the disease-causing pathogen for morphological and molecular characterization. To precisely diagnose its effects on timothy grass, the growth, photosynthesis, and biomass of timothy seedlings inoculated with the isolated pathogen were investigated. The young lesions were ellipsoidal-fusiform with dark purple margins and an off-white center, while the mature lesions were eye-shaped spots with a light brown center and dark purple edges. The disease incidence was 100 and 85% on plants, and leaves, respectively. Morphological and molecular characterization identified the pathogen as Cladosporium phlei. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, fresh shoot weight, and dry shoot weight of timothy seedlings after 14 days of inoculation with the pathogen were decreased by 29.77, 56, 45.45, and 46.42%, respectively. This indicates that cladosporium eyespot disease is an important timothy grass disease in Min County and its environs. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an integrated control strategy to lessen the economic loss.
The effect of Covid-19 related lockdown on aged care residents’ perceptions of their residential aged care facility using the Happy Life Index
Authors: Milanese Steve , Baldock Katherine L , Bilton Rebecca , Guerin Michelle , Murray Carolyn , Parfitt Gaynor
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Residents living in residential aged care facilities (RACF) are a vulnerable sector of the community during the Covid-19 pandemic, both from the disease and the resultant control measures, such as lockdowns, quarantines, and social distancing. In a patient centred health system, it is important that the views of residents and their relatives, ie. the ‘consumers’, are included to help understand the effect of these control measures. The Happy Life Index (HLI) is a consumer completed survey tool that measures modifiable quality of life indicators including food, environment and cleanliness, activities and lifestyle, staff friendliness, staff presence, management and care quality. This study explored the effect of Covid-19 related lockdowns on HLI scores from residents and their relatives.
Methods
This study is a secondary analysis using HLI data obtained from Australian RACF residents and relatives. The seven HLI components were rated on a 5-point scale (1 = Very bad; 5 = Excellent). The likelihood of residents and relatives giving a rating of “Excellent” was estimated using logistic regression comparing those who responded before the Covid-19 related restrictions to those who responded during the Covid-19 related restrictions.
Results
A total of 9,790 residents responded to at least one of the HLI questions. Fewer residents reported satisfaction associated with staff in their RACF, both in terms of friendliness and presence, during the Covid-19 restrictions compared to pre-Covid-19 lockdowns, whilst amongst relatives, fewer reported satisfaction with management during the restrictions. RACF residents were more likely to report satisfaction with their meals during the Covid-19 related restrictions than prior to the restrictions.
Conclusion
This study suggests that during Covid-19 related restrictions a greater emphasis on staff wellbeing and staffing numbers may help to maintain resident’s satisfaction with the service quality.
Esthetic Assesement of Maxillary Incisor Inclination For Varying Mandibular Positions in Smiling Profile`- a Photomorphic Study
Authors: PASHA MANSOOR , ARSHAD FAISAL , KUMAR.H.C SHASHI , BHATIA SAURABH , GOWDA E MAHESH
Published: June 2022

Aim of studyTo assess the relationship between desired inclination of the maxillary incisors in smiling profile of a male subject with diverse positions of mandible in addition to explicate if or not the occupation of a rater and gender performed a sizeable position in its determination.MethodologySmiling Profile photograph of male subject along with ideal facial traits was photo morphed to attain three different mandibular sagittal positions with 5 mm decrements and increments ranging from – 5 mm to + 5 mm. The inclination of the maxillary incisors was adjusted from – 10 to + 10 in 5 increments at each mandibular profile. A general of eighty raters (20 General dentists, 20 orthodontists, 20 maxillofacial surgeons, and 20 laypersons) have been invited to grade every picture with the usage of a Likert-kind score scale.ResultsIn -5mm and + 5mm mandibular positions, moderately proclined (+ 5° labial incisor inclinations) and the most retroclined (-10° palatal incisor inclination) have been identified as the most as well as the least attractive pictures, accordingly with almost all categories. For orthognathic mandible, the picture with the most retroclined (-10° palatal incisor inclination) was identified as the least attractive, but most attractive profile was inconclusive. Gender of raters also played an important role in ratings of certain pictures.ConclusionMajority of raters decided towards moderate inclination (+ 5° labial) of maxillary incisors in sense of retrusion (-5mm mandibular position) and in protrusion of mandible (+ 5mm mandibular position) preference was given to most proclined inclination (+ 10° labial), while for usual mandibular position (orthognathic), the recommended incisor inclination was not conclusive. Also, the gender of the raters had influence on the ranking of the images in all groups except for oral surgeons.
Use of activated Chromolaena odorata biomass for the removal of crystal violet from aqueous solution: Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic study
Authors: Soosai Michael Rahul , Moorthy Innasi Muthu Ganesh , Varalakshmi Perumal , Syed Asad , Elgorban Abdallah Mohamed , Rigby Sean Patrick , Natesan Sivrajasekar , Gunaseelan Sathaiah , Joshya Yonas Camy , Baskar Rajoo , Kumar Rajaram Shyam , Karthikumar Sankar
Published: June 2022

In the present study, biomass from the Chromolaena odorata plant's stem was activated using sulfuric acid to absorb crystal violet (CV) dye. The adsorption operation of CV dye was studied considering the effect of variables like pH, initial dye concentration, time, adsorbent dosage, and temperature. The pseudo-second-order equation best fitted the kinetic study, and thermodynamic parameters calculated were activation energy (9.56 kJ/mol), change in Gibbs energy (81.43 to 96.7 kJ/mol), enthalpy change (6.89 kJ/mol), and entropy change [-254.4 J/ (mol K)]. Response surface methodology (RSM) estimated at pH (4.902), adsorbent dosage (8.33 g/L), dye concentration (82.30 ppm), temperature (300.13 K) dye removal of 97.53% is possible. FTIR, SEM, XRD, BJH, and BET confirmed adsorption operation. The adsorbent can be reused for 5 cycles effectively. Langmuir isotherm best fitted the adsorption operation was used for designing a theoretical single-stage batch adsorber for large-scale operation.
Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome：A novel histopathologic finding associated with corneal abnormalities
Authors: Yu Ting , Dai Zhihao , Peng Rongmei , Xiao Gege , Zhang Pei , Ma Siyi , Hong Jing
Published: June 2022

Background: Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) is a rare kind of anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD). The most common ocular features of ARS are posterior embryotoxon and iris hypoplasia, while some patients may manifest as corneal opacity and edema. However, the current understanding of how ARS affects the cornea is still incomplete. This study reports a novel histopathological finding of Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS), complicating corneal abnormalities, including congenital corneal opacity and irreversible endothelial decompensation.Methods: This retrospective study included 6 eyes of 3 ARS patients who underwent keratoplasty for irreversible endothelial decompensation from May 2016 to January 2019. No eye had a history of surgery or glaucoma. We reviewed the data of epidemiology, clinical manifestations and pathological examinations.Results: Five eyes developed irreversible endothelial decompensation, among which 4 were born with corneal opacity. One eye exhibited transparent cornea but showed a continuous loss of endothelial cells in the absence of surgery and glaucoma thereafter. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography photographs showed that anterior synechia existed in the area with corneal opacities, where we found the interlayer splitting of the Descemet membrane inserted by hypoplastic iris and a basement membrane-like structure under a light microscope. Conclusions: Anterior synechia might be associated with corneal abnormalities in ARS patients. The novel histopathologic finding revealed the internal relation between anterior segment dysgenesis and would help explore the inner mechanism of corneal abnormalities in ARS.
Integrating computational fluid dynamic, artificial intelligence techniques, and pore network modeling to predict relative permeability of gas condensate
Authors: Zeinedini Ehsan , Dabir Bahram , Dadvar Mitra
Published: June 2022

The formation of gas condensate near the wellbore affects the gas liquid two-phase flow between the pores. It may occur in the path between two pores depending on the thermodynamic conditions of the single-phase gas flow, two-phase gas liquid annular flow or the closed path of condensate in throat. To model the behavior of gas condensate in a network of pores, relative permeability and naturally pressure drop should be calculated. In this study, the flow characteristics (pressure drop) between the pores at different physical and geometric conditions were obtained using computational fluid dynamic (CFD). As CFD is time-consuming, its results were transferred to an artificial neural network (ANN) model and the ANN model was trained. For calculating the pressure drop, the CFD was replaced with the ANN model. In addition, instead of utilizing empirical correlations, to compute the accurate value of condensate formed in throats' corners at every time step, the flash calculation using Esmaeilzadeh-Roshanfekr equation of state was performed, and closed throats were specified. This creates an accurate estimation of gas and condensate distribution in the pore network. Furthermore, the value of condensate that transferred to the adjacent throats was computed using Poiseuille's law. The results showed that the proposed ANN based proxy model has ability to promote the speed of calculation in gas condensate simulation, considering dynamic change of relative permeability curves as function of saturation of gas condensate. Also, it was found that the relative permeability obtained by the proposed model is in good agreement with the experimental data. By entering the fractures pattern in the network model and predicting relative permeability of gas and condensate by the proposed method, the role of fractures in the production of gas condensate in such reservoirs could be predicted. Dynamic changes due to the relative permeability of gas and condensate as function of saturation can be entered into the reservoir simulation in order to optimize inertia and positive coupling phenomena to maximized condensate production in gas condensate reservoir.
Clonality analysis of Sclerosing Angiomatoid Nodular Transformation in Spleen
Authors: Han Xiujuan , Ma Li , Chen Lin , Xue Li
Published: June 2022

Aims: Use clonality study to detect sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) of the spleen and to explore the essence and pathogenesis of SANT.Methods: All SANT cases was performed by clonality analysis and in situ hybridization for the presence of EBV encoded small RNAs (EBER). Immunohistochemisty were used to classify the character of SANT, hemangioma. ﻿Results: The results of histological and immunohistochemical detection show the obstruction of arterioles and the passive congestion of venules in red pulp might participate in the formation of SANT. The results of clonality analysis show polyclonality was demonstrated in SANT nodules and the surrounding spleen parenchyma.Conclusion: SANT is a benign proliferative lesion. Combined with the immunohistochemisty, clonality analysis can be an useful tool for differential diagnosis of these splenic lesions.
Prognostic and immunological potential of PPM1G in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yin Rongjiang , Qu Li , Wang Zhanqing , Tang Jian , Yang Donglin , Gu Hua , Du Pengchao , Dong Menghua
Published: June 2022

Background
Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the worst incidence rate and mortality, and the prognosis is very poor. PPM1G is a serine/threonine phosphatase, which is involved in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. However, there are few reports on the role of PPM1G in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).
Methods
In this study, We used public data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to evaluate the expression of PPM1G in LUAD and the relationship between PPM1G expression and prognosis of patients with LUAD.Immunohistochemical staining of PPM1G in lung cancer tissues was detected by HPA database. The correlation between PPM1G and cancer immune signatures was analyzed by single sample gene set enrichment analysis (SSGSEA) on TCGA databases. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyze the prognosis.
Results
Our results showed that PPM1G is highly expressed in cancer tissues of LUAD. The high expression of PPM1G was related with poor clinical stage, T stage, N stage and overall survival in LUAD. We screened 29 genes related to PPM1G and closely related to the cell cycle of LUAD patients. The expression of PPM1G was positively correlated with immune cells TGD, Th2 cells, NK cd56dim cells, and was negatively correlated with B cells, Mast cells, pDC, T helper cells, Macrophages, T cells,CD8 T cells, Tcm, Tem, Neutrophils and TFH. PPM1G was positively correlated with immune detection points.
Conclusions
In conclusion, PPM1G may be involved in the control of lung cancer cell cycle and is associated with prognosis and immune infiltration in patients with LUAD.
Metabolomics analysis of plasma identifies aberrant amino acids and lipids metabolism in the patients with acute anterior uveitis
Authors: zhang xiaobo , xie bintao , ma hua , dong lingqin , Wang Yuqin , Chi Zailong
Published: June 2022

Background
Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) is a severe ocular inflammatory disease and the metabolic characteristics are still unclear. To investigate the potential molecular biomarkers and to understand the metabolic response of AAU.
Methods
Untargeted plasma, which included 181 AAU patients and 99 non-uveitic controls, metabolomics analysis was conducted in this study based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).
Results
Eighteen and seven significant changed metabolites were found according to the variable importance in the projection value from orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), p value from univariate analysis and fold change for positive and negative mode, respectively. The AAU metabolomics signature indicated increased 10 amino acids (Glycyltyrosine, Pyroglutamic acid, L-Aspartyl-4-phosphate, Brassica oleracea Alkaloid, L-Glutamic acid, gamma-Glutamyl-S-methylcysteine sulfoxide, Tryptophyl-Glutamine, Diaminopimelic acid, 3-Aminoisobutanoic acid, Glycylproline), 7 lipids (3-Deoxyfructose, Maltitol, PC(20:2(11Z,14Z)/15:0), Cholesterol, PC(22:2(13Z,16Z)/16:1(9Z)), PC(16:1(9Z)/20:0), Cholesterol sulfate), one flavonoids (Quercetin) and two carbohydrates (Sorbitol, N-Acetylneuraminic acid), and decreased 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid, L-Histidine, Acetyl-N-formyl-5-methoxykynurenamine, Theophylline and 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid in AAU compare with the control group in both positive and negative modes. Pathway analysis indicated D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism and Histidine metabolism were significantly altered in AAU. Several potential biomarkers for AAU diagnosis were selected by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis.
Conclusions
Our study uncovers a significant difference of plasma metabolic profile for AAU disease. These changes of metabolites in plasma may improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of AAU disease. Further studies are still needed to validate our findings and investigate the function of altered metabolites.
Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Single Tertiary Centre Experience
Authors: Alanazi Jawaher , AlMuqbil Mohammed , Alsaif Nada , Baarmah Duaa , Altwaijri Waleed , Alrumayyan Ahmad , Alrifai Muhammad Talal , Othman Fatmah , Alsaif Saif
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This study aimed to determine the factors associated with Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and its neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Methods
A case-control study of infants delivered at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, was carried out from 2015 to 2019. Newborns with an admission diagnosis of HIE were identified, and controls were matched for the case. The electronic medical records were used to extract the clinical data for each case. The HIE cases were followed for 24 months to determine their neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Results
The sample included 60 infants diagnosed with HIE and 234 infants as controls, primarily males (56%) with mean gestational age of 38 weeks (SD 1.6). According to Sarnat staging, 36% of the HIE cases (22 patients) had stage 2 encephalopathy, while 35% of infants were at stage 3. Children with HIE were twice as likely to be born to mothers with maternal comorbidities, and more likely to have prepartum and intrapartum complications than the control group. The follow-up of neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months for the HIE infants indicated no delays in development of gross motor skills (76%), fine motor skills (78%), language skills (67%), and social skills (78%).
Conclusion
Maternal comorbidities and prepartum or intrapartum complications were more prevalent in the HIE group. HIE severity grade can be used as a prognostic, predictive tool for neurodevelopmental outcomes. Neurodevelopment follow up for at least 24 months is necessary to enhance care and rehabilitation of the patients.
Sleep characteristics of middle-aged adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: findings from the Shahrekord PERSIAN Cohort Study
Authors: Zarean Elaheh , Looha Mehdi Azizmohammad , Amini Payam , Ahmadi Ali , Dugué Pierre-Antoine
Published: June 2022

Background: Several studies have reported short sleep duration in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) but other sleep characteristics have been less studied. We aimed to assess the association of NAFLD with sleep duration and quality in an Iranian population sample. Methods: We used data from 9,151 participants in the Shahrekord Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN) Cohort Study, including 1,320 diagnosed with NAFLD. Log-binomial regression models sequentially adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, clinical and biological variables were used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between NAFLD and sleep characteristics. Results: Participants with NAFLD had shorter sleep duration, later wake-up time and bedtime, worse sleep efficiency, and more frequent daytime napping and use of sleeping pills, in age- and sex-adjusted models. After controlling for sociodemographic, lifestyle, clinical, and biological variables the associations remained strong for sleep efficiency (per 10%, RR=0.92, 95%CI: 0.88-0.96) and use of sleeping pills (RR=1.48, 95%CI: 1.17-1.88). The association between NAFLD and sleep efficiency was stronger in participants aged >60 years (RR=0.81, 0.70-0.93) and 40-60 years (RR=0.87, 0.82-0.94), compared with those aged <40 years (P-heterogeneity<0.001). Daytime napping in participants with NAFLD was observed in males but not females (P-heterogeneity=0.007), and in those with body mass index (BMI)<30 but not in obese participants (P-heterogeneity<0.001). Conclusions: Diagnosis of NAFLD is associated with several poor sleep characteristics in middle-aged Iranians. Although longitudinal studies would help to clarify the direction of causality, our study shows that poor sleep is an important aspect of NAFLD.
Simultaneous improvement of lodging resistance and grain yield by stacking dep1 with elite genes in rice
Authors: Li Meiru , Pan Xiaoping , Xu Gan , Li Hongqing
Published: June 2022

Lodging-tolerance is one of the most important goals in rice breeding. Due to its semi-dwarfism phenotype, dep1 can potentially improve lodging-tolerance. In this study, dep1 together with other three alleles, gs3, gn1a and ipa1, were integrated into high yield breeding strategy by conventional crossing and four combinations including dep1-gn1a, dep1-gs3, dep1-ipa1, and dep1-gs3-ipa1 were obtained. Though all the combinations showed plant phenotype similar to dep1, such as semi-dwarfism, short dense panicle, and short and erect flag leaf, their 1000-grain weight were observed to increase. Both dep1-ipa1 and dep1-gs3-ipa1 were characterized with improved lodging resistance and high yielding potential, while grain yield in both dep1-gn1a and dep1-gs3 dramatically decreased due to their low seed setting rate. Furthermore, specifically altered expression pattern of auxin and cytokinin related genes and abnormal stigma structure were found in two double mutant lines. Overall, current study demonstrated the potential of pyramiding dep1 conferring lodging-resistant trait with other high-yield related genes in cultivating elite rice varieties and additionally, providing a series of novel core germplasm for new insights into the interplay of dep1, gn1a, gs3, and ipa1 in regulating rice morphogenesis.
Modified marine predators algorithm hybridized with teaching-learning mechanism for solving optimization problems
Authors: Ma Yunpeng , Chang Chang , Lin Zehua , Zhang Xinxin , Song Jiancai , Chen Lei
Published: June 2022

Marine Predators Algorithm (MPA) is a newly nature-inspired meta-heuristic algorithm, which is proposed based on the Lévy flight and Brownian motion of ocean predators. Since the MPA proposed, it has been successfully applied in many fields. However, it exists several shortcomings, such as falling into local optimum easily and precocious convergence. To balance the exploitation and exploration ability of MPA, a modified marine predators algorithm hybridized with teaching-learning mechanism is proposed in this paper, namely MTLMPA. Compared to MPA, the proposed MTLMPA has two highlights. Firstly, a kind of teaching mechanism is introduced in the first phase of MPA to improve the global searching ability. Secondly, a novel learning mechanism is introduced in the third phase of MPA to enhance the chance encounter rate between predator and prey and avoid premature convergence. MTLMPA is verified with 23 benchmark numerical testing functions and CEC-2017 functions. Experiment results reveal that the MTLMPA is competitive compared to the state-of-art heuristic optimization algorithms.
Evaluating of the hydrothermal groundwater flow of El Hamma shallow geothermal aquifer (South-eastern of Tunisia)
Authors: HADDAJI Boulbaba , AGOUBI Belgacem , KARROUBI Adel
Published: June 2022

The area of El Hamma, southeast of Tunisia, is characterized by warm groundwater. The aquifer in the city of El Hamma is considered the main source of water to meet the needs of agricultural, industrial, domestic, and traditional baths. Nowadays, groundwater flow in the aquifer system and the thermal origin have been not well explained. The objective of this study is to develop a conceptual model of the geothermal groundwater flow path based on the temperature distribution in the aquifer in the study area.The groundwater temperature data was collected from 130 wells and implemented into a database. The sampled wells depth range between 25 and 80 m below ground level at temperatures between 18 and 65 degrees Celsius. The temperature remains constant throughout the year, regardless of the external climatic conditions. The variographic analysis and ordinary kriging techniques were used to map the spatial distribution of temperature in the study area. The conceptual model, hydrodynamic, geological, and thermal data confirm a vertical communication between the deep continental intercalary aquifer and the shallow Senonian aquifer through a system of vertical faults, the most important of which are the F1 fault in the west of the region, the F2 near Wadi El Hamma and the F7 towards the east.
Crystal structure thermal evolution and novel orthorhombic phase of methylammonium lead bromide, CH3NH3PbBr3
Authors: Abia Carmen , López Carlos , Cañadillas-Delgado Laura , Fernández-Díaz Maria Teresa , Alonso José Antonio
Published: June 2022

Methylammonium (MA) lead trihalide perovskites, CH3NH3PbX3 (X = I, Br, Cl), have emerged as a new class of light-absorbing materials for photovoltaic applications, reaching efficiencies of 23% when implemented in solar cell heterojunctions. In particular, MAPbBr3 is a promising member with a large bandgap that gives rise to a high open circuit voltage. Here we present a structural study from neutron diffraction (ND) data of an undeuterated MAPbBr3 specimen, carried out to follow its crystallographic behaviour in the 2–298 K temperature range. Besides the known crystallographic phases, i.e. the high-temperature Pm\(\stackrel{-}{3}\)m cubic structure, the intermediate I4/mcm tetragonal symmetry and the low-temperature Pnma orthorhombic phase, we additionally identified, from a detailed sequential ND analysis, a novel intermediate phase within the 148.5–154.0 K temperature range as an orthorhombic Imma structure, early associated with a coexistence of phases. Moreover, our ND data allowed us to unveil the configuration of the organic MA units and their complete localization within the mentioned temperature range, thus improving the crystallographic description of this compound. The evolution with temperature of the H-bonds between the organic molecule and the inorganic cage is also followed. A deep knowledge of the crystal structure and, in particular, the MA conformation inside the perovskite cage seems essential to establish structure-property correlations that may drive further improvements.
Absorption of Millimeter- and Micrometer-sized Droplets on Nylon Powder
Authors: Tan Hua
Published: June 2022

Absorption of droplet by the powder media is a ubiquitous phenomenon in many natural and engineering processes, in which the diameter of droplets ranges from tens of micrometers (μm) to a few millimeters (mm) depending on the specific condition. In this study, we investigate the absorption process following the impact of the droplet with radii varying from mm- to μm-scale on nylon powder substrate. The fluid properties are varied by mixing the deionized water with isopropyl alcohol at different volume ratios. A syringe pipette tip is used to generate droplets of diameter ranging from 2.08 to 2.30 mm, whereas a drop-on-demand inkjet device is used to dispense droplets of diameter ranging from 88 to 140 μm. The absorption process of the single droplet is captured by a high-speed imaging system. We find that for mm- and μm-droplets there exists different critical surface tension below which the imbibition into the nylon powder can occur. With the proposed nondimensionalization process, the scattered data of dimensionless absorbed volume V and dimensionless time τ for different fluids generally collapse into a power law relation V~ τα, where the exponent α for mm-sized and μm-sized droplets is 0.856 and 0.518, respectively. The experimental data of μm droplets generally agree with the prediction of the Washburn equation for the unidirectional capillary flow, i.e. V~ τ 0.5. However, the results of mm-droplets favor more the prediction of the 3D radial flow (i.e., a hemispherically advancing infiltration front inside the powder), V~ τ.
Polyoxometalate based hybrids: Synthesis of metal complexes and investigation of their electrochemical, photophysical and biological properties
Authors: Güngör Seyit Ali , Karaboyun Mete , Tümer Ferhan , Toroğlu Sevil , Tümer Mehmet
Published: June 2022

α-Keggin POM based compounds (KL1-KL3) were synthesized from the reactions between imine ligands (HL1-HL3) and α-Keggin-type polyoxometalates and their structures were characterized by various instrumental methods. In addition to other techniques, 1H(13C)NMR methods were also used in the characterization of the azo imine organic ligands (HL1-HL3). After the Cu2+ and Pt2+ complexes of the hybrid compounds were synthesized and characterized, their photophysical, electrochemical and antimicrobial properties were investigated. The compounds showed activity against penicillium spp. On the other hand, the KL2 POM compound showed the highest antibacterial activity. In the UV-vis spectra of the KL1, KL2 and KL3 POM based compounds in DMF solution, the charge transfer transitions (CT) are observed in the range of 458−453 nm, while ligand-centered π−π* transitions are in the range of 333−316 nm. Among the complexes of hybrid compounds, only the emission values of the KL1Cu complex in the DMF medium and in the solid state shifted to shorter wavelengths. It was determined that some of the POM based metal complexes showed only metal-centered electrochemical behaviors. In addition, the thermal stability of all compounds was also investigated.
Neighborhood beauty and the brain in older Japanese adults
Authors: Tani Yukako , Fujiwara Takeo , Sugihara Genichi , Hanazato Masamichi , Suzuki Norimichi , Machida Masaki , Amagasa Shiho , Murayama Hiroshi , Inoue Shigeru , Shobugawa Yugo
Published: June 2022

Objectives: People have a preference for, and feel better in, beautiful natural environments. However, there are no epidemiological studies on the association between exposure to neighborhood beauty and neuroimaging measures, such as regional brain volume. This study aimed to determine association between subjective and objective neighborhood beauty and regional brain volume. Method: Participants were 476 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years from the 2017 Neuron to Environmental Impact across Generations (NEIGE) study. Subjective neighborhood beauty was measured using a self-rated questionnaire, which assessed participants’ perception of beautiful scenery within 1 km of their home. Objective measures of neighborhood beauty (green spaces, blue spaces, and plant diversity) within 1 km of participants’ homes were obtained using a geographic information system. Volumes of brain regions associated with experience of beauty were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. We estimated associations between subjective and objective neighborhood beauty and regional brain volume using linear regression. Results: Of participants, 42% rated their neighborhoods as very beautiful, and 17% rated them as not at all beautiful. Higher subjective neighborhood beauty was associated with larger bilateral medial orbitofrontal cortex and insula volumes (all p for trend <0.01). Brain volume was not associated with objective neighborhood beauty measures. Discussion: Subjective but not objective neighborhood beauty was associated with brain regions related to emotion, rewards, and decision making, suggesting that these brain regions underpin the perception of neighborhood beauty.
Managing CHD in tertiary NICU in collaboration with a cardiothoracic centre
Authors: Chee Ying-Hui , Dunning-Davies Bryony , Singh Yogen , Yates Robert , Kelsall Wilf
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Increasingly non-cardiac tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NCTNs) manage newborns with CHD prior to planned transfer to specialist cardiac surgical centres (SCSC). It improves patient flow in SCSCs, enables families to be nearer home, and improves psychological well-being1. This practice has gradually increased as the number of SCSCs has decreased. This study examines the effectiveness of this expanding practice. The management provided, length of stay and outcomes are described for one UK NCTN situated at a significant distance from its SCSC. Methods: A retrospective observational study of cardiac-related admissions to a NCTN between January 2010 and December 2019 was conducted. Results: 190 neonates were identified: 41 had critical CHD; 64 had major CHD. The cohort includes babies with a wide range of cardiac conditions and additional complexities. 23.7% (n=45) required transfer to a specialist centre after a period of stabilisation and growth ranging from several hours to 132 days. 68% (n=130) were discharged home or repatriated to a local NICU. Of the remaining 15 babies, 13 were transferred to other specialties including the hospice. Two died on NICU.The mortality was consistent with the medical complexity of the group2,3. 8.9% (n=17) died before age 2. Nine babies had care redirected due to an inoperable cardiac condition or life-limiting comorbidities.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a complex neonatal cohort with CHD can be managed effectively in a NCTN, supporting the current model of care. The NCTN studied was well supported by paediatricians with expertise in cardiology alongside visiting paediatric cardiologists.
Intracranial Aneurysms Mimicking Third Ventricular and adjoining parts Masses Associated with Obstructive Hydrocephalus: Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Li Yuzhe , Haoyu Li , Bo Chen , Wenyong Long , Qing Liu
Published: June 2022

Objective: Intracranial aneurysms presenting as third ventricular and adjoining parts masses are rare, and always associated with obstructive hydrocephalus. It is vital to provide precise diagnostics, and prompt treatment for such patients since endovascular or microsurgical operations remain challenging. This study aimed to discuss differential diagnosis tactic based on collected cases and the current literature on intracranial aneurysms mimicking third ventricular masses, and a treatment regimen based on the available data is proposed.Methods: We collected a case series of intracranial aneurysms presenting as third ventricular masses with hydrocephalus from our hospital database. Literature reports related to aneurysms adjoining the third ventricle since 1979 were also included.Results: Twenty-seven cases of this disease were collected. The average age of the patients was 62 years (range, 14–82 years). The female-to-male ratio of the patients was 14:13. Eight of the 27 patients died during hospitalization. Basilar artery aneurysm was the most common type (21 of 27 cases). One aneurysm from our cases was considered as a craniopharyngioma according to MRI report. There are false negative angiography reports for aneurysms from our cases and literature review. Strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of these aneurysms have changed over time. The uniqueness of our cases sheds light on the use of CT angiography, which has proven to be an appropriate test for diagnosis and reexamination but was not wildly applied in previous reports.Conclusions: Thrombosed aneurysms should be considered a differential diagnosis in patients with third ventricular masses. Application of CTA and VW-MRI can be beneficial. Aneurysm coil occlusion might be a favorable treatment for cases with mass effect. Further studies should be conducted to confirm our observations.
Enhancing first-principles simulations of complex solid-state ion conductors using topological analysis of procrystal electron density
Authors: Carrasco Javier , Golov Andrey
Published: June 2022

Atomistic-level understanding of ion migration mechanisms holds the key to design high-performance solid-state ion conductors for a breadth of electrochemical devices. First-principles simulations play an important role in this quest. Yet, these methods are generally computationally-intensive, with limited access to complex, low-symmetry structures, such as interfaces. Here we show how topological analysis of the procrystal electron density can be applied to efficiently mitigate this issue. We discuss how this methodology goes beyond current state of the art capabilities and demonstrate this with two examples. In the first, we examine Li-ion transport across grain boundaries in Li3ClO electrolyte. Then we compute diffusion coefficients as a function of charge carrier concentration in spinel LiTiS2 electrode material. These two case studies do not exhaust the opportunities and might constitute motivations for still more complex applied materials.
Dendritic cells originating exosomal miR-193b-3p induces regulatory T cells to alleviate liver transplant rejection
Authors: Cui Bin , Sun Jie , Li Shi-Peng , Chen Xiao-Jie , Sun Li-Ying , Wei Lin , Zhu Zhi-Jun
Published: June 2022

Background
Exosomes exert considerable influence in mediating regulatory T (Treg) cells differentiation, which attach great importance to attenuating acute cellular rejection after liver transplantation (LT). And, miRNAs are known to play essential roles in cell-cell communication delivered by exosomes. However, the function of exosomal miRNAs in regulating Treg cells after LT remains unknown. Here, we performed an expression profiling analysis of exosome-miRNAs from human plasma after LT and investigated their immunoregulatory effects on Treg cells.
Methods
Fifty-eight LT patients and nine donors were included in this report. miRNA profiles in plasma exosomes were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Flow cytometry, HE and multiplex immunofluorescent staining were used to identify Treg cells in the liver and peripheral blood. A mouse LT model was employed to confirm the infiltration of Treg cells in the liver and circulation. A lentiviral vector system was used to overexpress miR-193b-3p in dendritic cells (DCs), and exosomes isolated from these transfected cells were co-cultured with spleen lymphocytes in vitro. A quantitative Real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect the expression of cytokines.
Results
Treg cell infiltration was increased in the liver along with Th17 and CD8 + T cell, and it was down-regulated in peripheral blood in the acute rejection group, an effect confirmed in the mouse LT model. High-throughput sequencing revealed that miR-193b-3p was markedly up-regulated in plasma exosomes of non-rejection LT patients. The NLRP3 inflammasome was screened as a target for miR-193b-3p based on target prediction and functional enrichment analyses. Exosomal miR-193b-3p derived from DCs increased Treg cells as demonstrated in vitro. miR-193b-3p overexpression down-regulated NLRP3 as well as the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-17A while increasing levels of the cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β.
Conclusion
DC deriving exosomal miR-193b-3p promoted Treg cells by inhibiting NLRP3 expression. These findings not only provide a new perspective on the mechanisms, but also hold great promise for the treatment or prevention of liver allograft rejection.
Postoperative infections after non-elective cesarean section – prevalence and risk factors at a single center in Denmark administering prophylactic antibiotics after cord clamping
Authors: Kuhr Katja , Axelsson Paul Bryde , Andersen Betina Ristorp , Ammitzbøll Ida Lise Arevad , Clausen Tine Dalsgaard , Løkkegaard Ellen Christine Leth
Published: June 2022

Background: Mothers giving birth by non-elective cesarean section have considerably higher risk of developing postoperative infection, than mothers giving birth by elective cesarean section. Meta-analyses have shown that the risk of infection is reduced when administering antibiotics at least 30 minutes prior to skin incision rather than after cord clamping. If given prior to incision, antibiotics are present in the neonatal bloodstream for up to 24 hours after delivery, with early exposure to antibiotics potentially disturbing development of the gut microbiome. We aimed to retrospectively assess the prevalence of postoperative infection after non-elective cesarean section at a single labor ward administering antibiotics after cord clamping, additionally investigating risk factors for developing postoperative infections. Methods: A total of 2,725 women giving birth by non-elective cesarean section in 2010-2017 were included with review of records for prenatal risk factors, labor management, and perinatal outcomes. The primary outcomes were a main composite infection of development of either endometritis, surgical-site infection, or sepsis in conjunction with a relevant antibiotic prescription. Secondary outcomes included infection of unknown focus, mastitis, urinary tract infection, and pneumonia. Results: A total of 88 patients developed a main composite infection (3.2%). These infections subdivide into endometritis (n=37/2725, 1.4%), surgical-site infection (n=35/2725, 1.3%) and sepsis (n=15/2725, 0.6%). We found a high body mass index (aOR=3.38, 95%CI 1.93-5.92) and intrapartum fever (aOR=2.26, 95%CI 1.22-4.59) to be independent risk-factors for developing postoperative infection after non-elective cesarean section. Furthermore, we found delivery by a more expedient emergency grade 2 cesarean section (aOR=0.61 95%CI 0.37-0.998) compared to grade 3 to be a protective factor for developing postoperative infection after non-elective cesarean section.Conclusions: In a labor ward administering antibiotics after cord clamping at non-elective cesarean births, we find a low prevalence of main composite infections when compared to estimates from meta-analyses on the topic. We conclude that administration of prophylactic antibiotics after cord clamping appears to result in acceptable rates of postoperative infection and avoids transplacental-transmission of antibiotics to the infant.
Monte Carlo technique to study of the adsorption affinity of azo dyes with applying new statistical criteria of the predictive potential
Authors: Toropova Alla P. , Toropov Andrey A. , Roncaglioni Alessandra , Benfenati Emilio
Published: June 2022

The quantitative structure-property relationships for the dye affinity (DAF, kJ mol-1) of azo dyes were established using the Monte Carlo method by generating optimal SMILES-based descriptors. The index of ideality of correlation (IIC) and the correlation intensity index (CII) improved the model's predictive potential, specially when they were used simultaneously. The statistical quality of the best model on the validation set is it n = 18, R2 = 0.9468, and RMSE = 1.26 kJ mol− 1.
Effective time-aware knowledge compression For recommender systems
Authors: Yazdi Hadis Ahmadian , Mahdavi Seyyed Javad Seyyed , Kheirabadi Maryam
Published: June 2022

Due to the big data and wide availability of various types of information, data compression plays a significant role in the current age. This task can be done in two aspects. First, it can be done by reducing the redundant features of each entity. Second, it can be employed on each record of the corresponded dataset. These techniques should maintain the crucial and useful information which presents a pivotal role in further process. This work presents an effective knowledge compression for recommender systems based on the attention mechanism. In this method, the data compression is performed in two feature and record levels. The technique is based on time windows and the activity of users. The result of this technique can be efficiently utilized for deep networks which the amount of data is one of the serious problems. The experimental results show that with the help of this technique not only does it reduce the amount of data and process time, but also it can reach acceptable and considerable accuracy in the training and testing phases of networks.
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Adult Chronic Hemodialysis Patients-Prevalence and Clinical Aspect
Authors: Bashir Ahmed Muhammad , Alici Gokhan , Wabari Mohamud Mire , Adani Abdulkamil Abdullahi
Published: June 2022

Background
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Aim
The exact prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic hemodialysis patients in Somalia is unknown. In this study, we aim to determine the prevalence of SHPT in chronic hemodialysis patients in Mogadishu, Somalia.
Method
This retrospective analysis was done at Mogadishu Somali Turkey training and research hospital, Somalia's largest dialysis center. All > 18-year-old hemodialysis patients from the last year were included. The research excluded parathyroidectomy and steroid, phenytoin, and phenobarbitone individuals. This analysis covered 195 patients. Calcium, phosphate, albumin, vitamin D, urea, creatinine, and other electrolytes were also tested.
Results
Our study included 195 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 56.0 ± 17.4 with 49.2% men and 50.88% females. End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) was caused by hypertension in 64.1% of patients and diabetes in 30.8%. The mean hemodialysis time was 7.8 ± 1.3 hours per week and for duration 39.6 ± 15 months. The mean iPTH concentration was 458.59 ± 636.96 pg/mL, phosphate was 4.24 ± 2.15 mg/dL, corrected calcium was 8.70 ± 0.97 mg/dL, and calcium phosphate product was 36.60 ± 19.78 mg/dL. The mean vitamin D concentration was 33.53 ± 19.70. we found that the prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism is 65.6%.
Conclusion
We conclude that there is high prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic hemodialysis patients in Somalia and that measures that predict vitamin D response, including sestamibi parathyroid scan and gland volume, should be studied further to prevent this high prevalence.