bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Achieving Global Optical Spectral Perception via Unified Information Model and Adaptive Perceptual Information Calibration
Authors: Zhu Kangqi , Hua Nan , Zhao Chen , Li Yanlong , Li Jialong , Li Yanhe , Zheng Xiaoping , Zhou Bingkun
Published: October 2021

We propose an adaptive perceptual information calibration method based on unified information model. Numerical results prove that our proposal could achieve fast global optical spectral perception with excellent spectrum identification precision.
Design and Implementation of Open Optical Satellite Network Emulation Platform (OOSN-EP) Based on Distributed Multi-Node System
Authors: Li Jipu , Hua Nan , Zhao Chen , Zhu Kangqi , Li Yanhe , Zheng Xiaoping
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate a novel 104-node OOSN-EP. Time-varying topology with average 0.4-ms transmission delay error is achieved in the control plane, while 5-ns time precision is supported for all-optical fine-grid time-slice switching in the transport plane.
Efficient Responsibility Traceability Strategy with Blockchain in Open-RAN
Authors: Dong Shuai , Yang Hui , Jiao Libin , Li Chao , Yao Qiuyan , Bao Bowen , Zhang Jie
Published: October 2021

This paper proposes a blockchain-based efficient responsibility traceability strategy with responsibility traceability algorithm based on deep neural evolution network in Open RAN. Experiments shows the proposed strategy has less detection latency and superior network performances.
Overfitting in Four-Layer-DNN-Based Nonlinear Equalizer for Optical Communication Systems
Authors: Nakamura Jinya , Ikuta Kai , Nakamura Moriya
Published: October 2021

We compared overfitting in four-layer-DNN- and three-layer-ANN-based nonlinear equalizers used for nonlinearity compensation in optical communication systems. The results showed that the DNN-based nonlinear equalizer had stronger overfitting characteristics for both PRBS and a random sequence.
Modulation Format Identification Using Kmeans Clustering and Cluster Validity Index
Authors: Yue Zixian , Zhang Wenbo , Ye Jinmei , Wang Yuxiang , Zhang Xiaoguang
Published: October 2021

A low complexity modulation format identification based on unsupervised Kmeans clustering algorithm and cluster validity index is proposed. Simulations show the scheme’s 100% identification accuracy and stable performance.
A Complex-valued Neural Network for Fiber Nonlinearity Mitigation
Authors: He Pinjing , Yang Aiying , Guo Peng , Qiao Yaojun , Xin Xiangjun
Published: October 2021

A complex-valued triplet-input neural network for fiber nonlinearity compensation is proposed. Numerical results show 0.2 dB Q factor improvement and 25% computational complexity reduction, compared with the real-valued triplet-input neural network.
An InGaN-based Quantum Dot Blue Micro-LED for High-speed Two-user QAM-NOMA Visible Light Communication
Authors: Zhang Li , Wei Zixian , Wang Zhaoming , Wang Lei , Chen Chien-Ju , Wu Meng-Chyi , Dong Yuhan , Wang Lai , Fu H. Y.
Published: October 2021

A 75-µm single layer quantum dot (QD) blue micro-LED-based high-speed two-user QAM-NOMA VLC system has been demonstrated over 2-m free-space. The modulation bandwidth is up to 1.04 GHz and ensures a sum rate of 2.198-Gbps.
The Amplitude and Phase Frequency Response of the Short Reach Transmissions for DML, EAM, and MZM
Authors: Xu Borui , Sun Jiazheng , Sun Wenhui , Zhu Ninghua
Published: October 2021

We fabricated a coplanar-electrode DML and compared the amplitude and phase frequency response of DML, EAM and MZM in the case of BtB, 10km, and 20km.
A Waveband Routing Method in Optical Networks Based on the Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Liu Yang , Chen Bin , Su Gongchao , Dai Mingjun , Lin Xiaohui
Published: October 2021

A deep reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed for the RSBA problem in elastic waveband switching optical networks. Simulation results show that the deep reinforcement learning algorithm can effectively use optical switch ports.
A 1.3-GHz harmonically mode-locked fiber laser using a V2AlC saturable absorber
Authors: Lee Jinho , Kwon Suhyoung , Lee Ju Han
Published: October 2021

We experimentally demonstrate a harmonically mode-locked fiber laser with a MAX-phase V2AlC-based saturable absorber at 1.55 μm. The harmonic femtosecond pulses (~863 fs) were readily produced at a 1.3-GHz repetition rate.
A novel method for analyzing cavity mode of Extended-DBR lasers with micro-ring structure
Authors: Xu Changda , Wang Jiang , Sun Wenhui , Chen Yinfang , Chen Wei , Li Ming , Zhu Ninghua
Published: October 2021

We established the E-DBR lasers analysis model by transmission matrix, equivalent cavity length, and waveguide coupling. The results show that the introduction of micro-ring can increase the threshold gain difference, and narrow the resonance linewidth.
A Low Insertion Loss Arrayed Waveguide Grating with Transversal Transitional Waveguides
Authors: Fu Jia , Chen Yuanxiang , Sun Shangbin , Han Ying , Huang Yongtao , Lin Shangjing , Yang Leijing , Zhu Hu , Zhao Xiaobo , Yu Jianguo
Published: October 2021

We present a 4-channel AWG with transversal transitional waveguides to improve the mode mismatch in star couplers. The transversal transitional waveguides can effectively reduce the average insertion loss from 3.46 dB to 1.76 dB and the adjacent channels crosstalk by about 2.3 dB.
Phase-preserving amplitude regeneration of optical 16QAM signals using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer on chip
Authors: Guo Biao , Wu Baojian , Wen Feng , Qiu Kun
Published: October 2021

We study the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) on chip and present a phase-preserving amplitude regeneration scheme using it. The error vector magnitude (EVM) for optical 16QAM signals can be reduced from 12.6% to 6.5%.
On-chip Subwavelength Tilt Fork Grating for Vortex Beam Generation and Manipulation
Authors: Zheng Shuang , Zhao Zhenyu , Zhang Weifeng
Published: October 2021

We propose an integrated optical vortex beam generator with tunable emission angle based on a tilt subwavelength fork grating. By adding a linear phase gradient in the grating design, the emission angle could be manipulated.
A thin-film optical filter with in-cavity strongly-coupled silver nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Yangxi , Wu Hao , Zhang A. Ping
Published: October 2021

A design of optical thin-film filter based on Fabry-Perot cavity with in-cavity silver nanoparticles is demonstrated with numerical simulation. The filter’s spectra can be dramatically tuned by strong coupling of silver nanoparticles with optical cavity.
Selective Regrown Core-shell Nanowires Using Self-catalytic VLS Mode
Authors: Kuwahara Kei , Ishihara Riki , Katori Yuta , Shimomura Kazuhiko
Published: October 2021

The core-shell nanowire had current leakage problem caused by its structure. We have grown the selective regrown core-shell nanowires where the bottom of core was buried by SiO2 to outcome the current leakage problem.
Continuous Blood Pressure Monitoring Based on Wearable Optical Fiber Interferometry Wristband
Authors: Chen Xiao , Xu Wei , Dong Bo , Yu Changyuan , Zhao Wei , Wang Yishan , Sun Wenye
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate a wearable optical fiber interferometry wristband which is used for continuous blood pressure monitoring. The pulse transit time extracted from the pulse wave can be used to established the blood pressure estimation model.
Non-invasive Highly Sensitive Under Mattress Vital Signs Monitoring Based on Fiber Sagnac Loop
Authors: Zeng Huaili , Xu Wei , Dong Bo , Yu Changyuan , Zhao Wei , Wang Yishan , Sun Wenye
Published: October 2021

A non-invasive highly sensitive under mattress vital signs monitoring system is proposed for real-time and long-term respiration and heartbeat monitoring, which is based on Sagnac loop and polarization-maintaining fiber.
Non-invasive heart rate variability measurement during sleep based on fiber optic sensor
Authors: Lyu Weimin , Chen Shuyang , Tan Fengze , Yu Changyuan
Published: October 2021

A non-invasive measurement method based on fiber optic sensor (FOS) is proposed as a good substitute for the traditional electrocardiogram (ECG) equipment to monitor heart rate variability during sleep.
A LiDAR range image noise suppression method based on local clustering
Authors: Zuo Yong , Miao Chang-Yu
Published: October 2021

In order to reduce noise in LiDAR range image, a noise suppression algorithm based on local clustering was proposed. Experimental results show that this method can effectively suppress the abnormal distance noise and retain details.
Fiber Fluid-pressure Sensor with Extended Air Cavity
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Wang Chao , Chan Chi Chiu , Tang Yaqi , Wan Liuwei , Zhang Qianqian
Published: October 2021

We report a miniature optical fiber fluid-pressure sensor based on a Fabry-Perot interferometer with extended air cavity and enhanced sensitivity. A sample with 830 μm air cavity length exhibit pressure sensitivity of about 3920 nm/kPa.
C-Band 100Gbit/s Non-Orthogonal Discrete Multitone over Dispersion-Uncompensated Links
Authors: Xiong Canyang , Zhou Ji , Liang Weixian , Wang Haide , Yu Changyuan , Liu Weiping , Huang Hongbin , Li Zhaohui
Published: October 2021

We experimentally demonstrate the C-band 100Gbit/s non-orthogonal DMT over 20km dispersion-uncompensated links. The experimental results show that the non-orthogonal DMT has better performance than the conventional DMT on resisting the spectral distortions.
Observation of optomechanics in a nanoscale photonic crystal cavity
Authors: Xia Ji , Qiao Qifeng , Chau Fook Siong , Zhou Guangya
Published: October 2021

Owing to its attractive advantages of ultrasmall mass, high optical quality, small mode volume and flexible mechanics, photonic crystal nanobeam (PCN) cavities are utilized to establish an optomechanical nanosystem, thus enabling strong optomechanical coupling effects.
Metasurface doublet-based flat retroreflector for wireless optical communication
Authors: Li Hongliang , Lee Woo-Bin , Zhou Changyi , Choi Duk-Yong , Lee Sang-Shin
Published: October 2021

A flat retroreflector based on metasurface doublet is proposed and created via lithographical nanofabrication. A high-speed wireless optical communication system with wide-angle tolerance is demonstrated at a telecommunications wavelength of λ = 1550 nm.
Dual-polarization and six-mode waveguide crossing based on dielectric metasurface
Authors: Zhang Zimeng , Liu Yingjie , Xu Ke
Published: October 2021

A dual-polarization waveguide crossing with an ultra-compact footprint of 7.5 × 7.5 μm2 is proposed. The device insertion loss is below 1.2 dB, and the crosstalk is below -13 dB from 1460-1560 nm.
Precise Terahertz frequency measurement based on an opto-electronic terahertz comb
Authors: Lu Zijie , Wang Shiwei , Zhang Hongqi , Yang Zuomin , Zhang Lu , Yu Xianbin
Published: October 2021

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a THz frequency measurement system based on an opto-electronic THz-comb, and the proof-of-concept frequency measurement in the range of 240-381 GHz at a precision better than 10−12 is achieved.
25Gb/s Mode Division Multiplexing VCSEL Transmission over Two Modes Using Standard Single-Mode Fiber at 850 nm
Authors: Li Kangmei , Chen Xin , Ko Jaekwon , Hurley Jason E. , Stone Jeffery S. , Park Kyung Jun , Kim Byoung Yoon , Li Ming-Jun
Published: October 2021

We report 25Gb/s mode division multiplexed single-mode VCSEL transmission over a 1-km standard single-mode fiber, which is two-mode at 850 nm with error free performance using fiber-based mode selective multiplexers.
End-to-End Management of All Optical Disaggregated Network and Applications with Cloud Native Environment for the Smart World Network Infrastructure
Authors: Hirota Yusuke , Nakamura Shinya , Shiomoto Kohei , Sugiyama Hyde , Yoshikane Noboru , Okamoto Satoru , Murakami Masaki , Hirayama Takahiro , Yamanoi Satoshi
Published: October 2021

We show a multi-cloud-based network infrastructure for Smart World with demonstrating several types of network control and service including PTP devices for Private LTE, AI-based SFC Platform, WhiteBox-based reliable routing, and disaggregated SDM network.
Impairment-Aware Integrated VONE Scheme Based on Routing, Bit Loading, and Spectrum Allocation in EONs
Authors: Ren Xueqi , Zhu Min , Gu Jiahua , Shen Tianyu , Shi Chenglin
Published: October 2021

We propose a novel integer linear program formulation and impairment-aware iVONE heuristic based on routing, bit loading and spectrum allocation in OFDM-based EONs. Results indicate over 10% resources savings compared with the benchmark heuristic.
Kalman Filter-based Heavy Hadoop Job Detection Method for Energy Efficient Hybrid Electro-Optical Intra-Data Center Networks
Authors: Murakami Masaki , Dubrana Nicolas , Uematsu Yoshihiko , Okamoto Satoru , Yamanaka Naoaki
Published: October 2021

This paper proposes Hadoop job detection method using the Kalman filter and network configuration procedure for hybrid electro-optical intra-data center networks. The simulation results show improvement of detection accuracy and energy saving effect.
Machine Learning based LFM Signal Recovery for Fiber-Connected Radar Networks
Authors: Zhou Yuewen , Zhang Fangzheng , Sun Guanqun , Pan Shilong
Published: October 2021

A machine learning based linearly frequency modulated (LFM) signal recovery method using a residual convolutional neural network is proposed and demonstrated. Experimental results verify its feasibility for broadband radar echo recovery in fiber-connected radar networks.
Deep Reinforcement Learning-based Spectrum Assignment with Multi-metric Reward Function and Assignable Boundary Slot Mask
Authors: Shimoda Masayuki , Tanaka Takafumi
Published: October 2021

We propose a deep reinforcement learning-based spectrum assignment with a multi-metric reward function and assignable boundary slot mask. The mask restricts options to assignable ones and multi-metric function provides informative clues for training, outperforming first-fit.
Four-level Flicker-mitigation Coding Scheme in the Non-line-of-sight Optical Camera Communication System
Authors: Liu Liqiong , Chen Lian-Kuan
Published: October 2021

We proposed and experimentally verified a four-level flicker-mitigation coding scheme for optical camera communication. In the non-line-of-sight system, the PAM4 system has realized 13.72-kbit/s transmission with 65% improvement compared with OOK signals using 3b4b.
Design of compact multi-ring-core few-mode fiber for dense space-division multiplexing in C+L band
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Tu Jiajing , Li Zhaohui , Yu Changyuan , Lu Chao
Published: October 2021

We design a compact 37-ring-core fiber, each core can support 5 mode groups in C+L band. The theoretical inter-core crosstalk keeps lower than −50 dB/km when the bending radius is larger than 7 cm.
Ultra-compact Waveguide-Integrated Demultiplexers based on Digital metamaterials
Authors: Wang Yanrong , Zhang Shuhe , Xu Ziwen , Li Wentao , Xu Junjie , Hu Baizheng , Ma Rui , Ye Han
Published: October 2021

Three demultiplexers of TE0/TE1 mode, TE0/TM0 polarization and 1550nm/1310nm wavelength were designed by a topology optimization method. The functional region based on digital metamaterials occupies only 1.55×1.55μm2.
Toroidal dipole resonances of dielectric symmetry-breaking metasurfaces
Authors: Chen Yankai , Wang Yi
Published: October 2021

We show toroidal dipole resonances excited by symmetry-breaking nanocylinders in the near-infrared band. Excitations of the electromagnetic resonances by detailed multipole decompositions and near-field distributions are discussed and subsequent experiments also supported the theoretical predictions.
Fiber Optic Sensing and Biosensing: New Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Chiavaioli F. , Giannetti A. , Baldini F.
Published: October 2021

The combination of fiber optic devices with nanotechnology permits to realize sensing platforms with remarkable performance. Lossy mode resonance (LMR), a very promising phenomenon, allows detecting analyte concentrations in the femtomolar range with sensational perspectives.
Two-Way White-Lighting and WDM VLC-UWOC Integrated Systems
Authors: Chang Poh-Suan , Liu Chen-Xuan , Ling Yan-Yu , Ko Ting , Chen Yu-Ting , Li Chung-Yi , Lu Hai-Han
Published: October 2021

A two-way white-lighting and WDM VLC-UWOC integrated system over 10-m free-space transmission with 5-m ocean underwater link is constructed, employing R/G/B triple-light WDM scheme, transmission gratings, and an engineered diffuser with POFs as a presentation.
Multimode Silicon Photonics Devices
Authors: Dai Daoxin , Zhao Weike , Liu Dajian
Published: October 2021

Multimode silicon photonics is promising to further increase the link capacity of optical interconnects thus attract more and more attention. Moreover, the introduction of higher-order modes also greatly enhances the flexibility for the design of on-chip photonic devices, showing great potential in some emerging applications. Currently multimode silicon photonic devices have been tremendously investigated. This paper gives a tutorial review for the recent progresses in this field.
Polarization-maintaining fiber with elliptical core supporting 18 modes for mode division multiplexing
Authors: Yang Tongxin , Zhang Hu , Xi Lixia , Yang Jingxuan , Chen Ze , Wang Xiaoqian , Zhang Xiaoguang
Published: October 2021

We present a novel few-mode fiber supporting 18 modes, benefiting from elliptical core and air holes for Mode Division Multiplexing. All modes are fully separated with effective index differences larger than 1.21×10-4 over C+L band.
Photonics in Intra-Datacenter Networks: Architecture and Future Developments
Authors: Chen Jiajia , Wosinska Lena
Published: October 2021

We review architectures of optical intra-datacenter networks, where photonics plays an important role for interconnecting the servers. Resource disaggregation and spatial division multiplexing are identified for addressing future challenges related to resource utilization and capacity.
Experimental Assessment of Fast and Reconfigurable Optical Wireless Data Center Networks
Authors: Zhang Shaojuan , Xue Xuwei , Pan Bitao , Yan Fulong , Guo Xiaotao , Tangdiongga Eduward , Calabretta Nicola
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate an optical wireless DCN architecture employing fast switches and reconfiguration with FPGA-based ToRs and SOA-based wavelength switch. Experimental investigation indicates 13.3ns switching time and 1E-5 packet loss by SDN-assisted reconfiguration with automatic reallocation.
Variable Focus Lens-Based Optical Beam Steering and Adaptive Beam Control Techniques for Free-Space Optical Communications
Authors: Mai Vuong V. , Kim Hoon
Published: October 2021

We explore the possibility of using variable focus lenses for beam steering and adaptive beam control for free-space optical communications. The experimental demonstration shows that we minimize the link loss up to 20-mrad pointing error.
New developments in gas-filled hollow-fibre nonlinear optics
Authors: Brahms Christian , Belli Federico , Grigorova Teodora F. , Lekosiotis Athanasios , Sabbah Mohammed , Travers John C.
Published: October 2021

We report on recent advances in versatile and efficient light sources based on gas-filled hollow-core fibers.
Mach-Zehnder Interferometer and Bragg Grating combined Fiber Device by Femtosecond Laser Inscription
Authors: Yang Wenqing , Wu Tianhao , Wu Zhfiang , Huang Yanyan , Wu Liqing , Pu Jixiong
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate the fabrication of a compact fiber device that combines an in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer and a Bragg fiber grating by using femtosecond laser inscription. Such device will find promising application in dual-parameter sensing.
Long-Period-Grating Filters Based on Coupling to Leaky Modes in Lithium-Niobate-on-Insulator Waveguides
Authors: Jin Wei , Ching Kin Seng
Published: October 2021

We propose filters on lithium-niobate-on-insulator waveguides based on coupling to leaky modes with polymer long-period gratings formed on the waveguides. Our experimental filters designed for different wavelengths and polarizations show contrasts higher than 15 dB.
Two-end-access BOCDR for systematic error compensation
Authors: Zhu Guangtao , Noda Kohei , Lee Heeyoung , Nakamura Kentaro , Mizuno Yosuke
Published: October 2021

We develop a new concept of two-end-access Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry and numerically show its effectiveness on compensation of the systematic measurement error caused by the phase delay between amplitude and frequency modulations.
Bidirectional IFoF Mobile Fronthaul With DSP-based Channel Multiplexer and Demultiplexer
Authors: Tanaka Kazuki , Kao Hsuan-Yung , Ishimura Shota , Nishimura Kosuke , Inohara Ryo , Suzuki Masatoshi
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate bidirectional transmission of cascaded IFoF-based mobile fronthaul links. High frequency utilization efficiency by DSP-based IF channel multiplexer for uplink is successfully confirmed with satisfying required EVM below 8%, as well as downlink.
Revisiting Probabilistic Constellation Shaping in Short-Reach IM-DD Systems
Authors: Che Di , Cho Junho , Chen Xi
Published: October 2021

Short-reach IM-DD links usually have no optical amplifiers and are subject to the peak-power constraint imposed by transmitter components. We revisit probabilistic constellation shaping in such IM-DD systems by answering several puzzling questions.
High output power 214-Gbit/s 4-PAM operation of Hi-FIT AXEL transmitter
Authors: Kanazawa Shigeru , Shindo Takahiko , Chen Mingchen , Nakanishi Yasuhiko , Yoshimatsu Toshihide , Sano Kimikazu , Matsuzaki Hideaki
Published: October 2021

We fabricated a Hi-FIT AXEL transmitter with a 3-dB bandwidth of more than 66 GHz and achieved 214-Gbit/s 4-PAM error-free operation with an average output power of +7.8 dBm.
Weak-Resonant Zero-Bias Operational High-Speed UTC-PD up to 160 Gbps Line Rate
Authors: Umezawa Toshimasa , Matsumoto Atsushi , Akahane Kouichi , Yamamoto Naokatsu
Published: October 2021

We present a zero-bias operational UTC-PD with frequency compensation to enhance the output amplitude at around 70 GHz. High line rate performances of up to 160 Gbps could be successfully achieved with PAM-4.
Compact dual-mode waveguide crossing based on subwavelength gratings assisted multimode-interference couplers
Authors: Zhao Caiyue , Mao Simei , Cheng Lirong , Wu Sailong , Han Yaqi , Li Qian , Fu H. Y.
Published: October 2021

We design a compact multimode waveguide crossing introducing fully-etched subwavelength gratings into multimode-interference coupler. The insertion losses are 0.47 dB for TE0 and 1.60 dB for TE1 mode at 1550 nm.
Performance Evaluation of Dynamic Fiber-Granular Routing Networks with Next-Generation Optical Paths
Authors: Matsuo Takeshi , Shiraki Ryuta , Mori Yojiro , Hasegawa Hiroshi
Published: October 2021

The introduction of next-generation paths and fiber-granular routing to dynamic optical networks is studied. Due to the severe deterioration of statistical multiplexing effect, the fiber utilization ratio decreases by 50+% from current levels.
FPGA-based Implementation of Artificial Neural Network for Nonlinear Signal-to-Noise Ratio Estimation
Authors: Liu Lei , Liu Xiaomin , Zhai Zhiqun , Wu Yiwen , Jiang Hexun , Yi Lilin , Hu Weisheng , Zhuge Qunbi
Published: October 2021

We propose a FPGA-based artificial neural network (ANN) architecture with flexible degree of parallelism (DOP) for nonlinear signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimation. Considering the trade-off between resource usage and computational speed, the architecture shows flexibility and efficiency of resources allocation in the FPGA design.
Simultaneous Nonlinearity Compensation of C+L-band WDM PDM-QPSK Signals using Inter-band Complementary Spectral Inversion
Authors: Kawahara Hiroki , Seki Takeshi , Hirose Kenta , Miyamura Takashi
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate optical phase conjugation-based C+L-band WDM PDM-QPSK transmissions, which shows a simultaneous nonlinearity compensation with a record 6.1-THz bandwidth despite the non-ideal link conditions of EDFA-amplified straight-line configuration.
Nonlinear Distortions Suppression in Optical Single Sideband Modulation with Tunable Optical Carrier to Sideband Ratio
Authors: Bai Yunping , Zheng Zhennan , Song Xiyao , Su Zhonghan , Zhang Hao , Gao Xinlu , Huang Shanguo
Published: October 2021

The nonlinear distortions are suppressed in optical single-sideband modulation with tunable optical carrier to sideband ratio, which can further improve the modulation efficiency and the signal transmission performance in the radio over fiber links.
Measurement of Mode Dependent Loss of Randomly-Coupled Multi-Core Fiber using Scrambling Method
Authors: Hasegawa Takemi , Hayashi Tetsuya
Published: October 2021

We propose measurement of MDL of RC-MCF by scrambling method and present a low MDL of 0.04 dB can be measured and RC-MCF has low MDL of ≤ 0.05 dB at 97.9km length.
Theoretical evaluation of Nonlinear Crosstalk in weakly Multi-core Fiber with Random Perturbations
Authors: Jin Shulin , Pan Hongfeng , Wang Wenjie , Tong Ke , Xiang Lian
Published: October 2021

A simple, general formula is derived for evaluating nonlinear crosstalk in weakly coupled multicore fiber based on the modified segment model. The theoretical scheme agrees well with the experimental result.
Four-core Fan-in/Fan-out applicable for O to L-band operation
Authors: Watanabe Kengo , Takahashi Masanori , Sugizaki Ryuichi , Arashitani Yoshihiro
Published: October 2021

Fan-in/Fan-out for four-core multicore fiber applicable for O to L-band operation is demonstrated. Low insertion loss ≤ 0.7 dB and crosstalk ≤ −55 dB are realized in the total of fan-in and fan-out.
Multi-Core Fiber Rotated Optical Switch for Remote Optical Fiber Switching
Authors: Fukai Chisato , Abe Yoshiteru , Katayama Kazunori
Published: October 2021

We propose an optical switch that rotates an MCF set in a cylindrical ferrule. We show the loss characteristics and examine the factor of the excess loss focusing on an offset between the each core.
Real-time Long-distance Visible Light Communication and Video Transmission over 100-meter POF
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Wei Zixian , Zhao Zhenquan , Liu Zhongxu , Wang Zhaoming , Li Mutong , Yu Changyuan , Fu H.Y.
Published: October 2021

We propose a real-time long-distance POF-based VLC system using green LD and FPGA. Various OFDM formats are implemented to reach 28.25 Mbps real-time video transmission over a 100-meter POF channel.
High sensitivity fiber refractive index sensor using tapered 4-core fiber
Authors: Tian Zhen , Suo Lina , Chen Nan-Kuang , Yao Yicun , Zhang Liqiang , Wu Qiang , Yuan Jinhui
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate the high sensitivity fiber index sensors by tapering the four core fibers to produce supermode interference with the best extinction ratio of up to 15 dB and the index sensitivity of 2,884 nm/RIU.
Tunable optofluidic Y-branch waveguide based on counter flow
Authors: Yang Yunran , Duan Xiudong , Tu Xin , Song Chaolong
Published: October 2021

We proposed a novel structure Y-branch waveguide based on counter flow. An intensity ratio of two light branches from 0.1 to 0.9 is realized by optimizing the core and cladding flow rate.
Performance Analysis of Matched Filter-based Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation Methods for CO-OFDM
Authors: Du Xinwei , Fu Xiangyu , Wang Qian , Kam Pooi-Yuen , Yu Changyuan
Published: October 2021

This paper focuses on the performance analysis of maximum likelihood (ML) matched filter (MF)-based carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimators in CO-OFDM systems, which involves the effects of dispersion channel, carrier phase noise and offset.
Performance of Lasers with Flick FM Noise in Self-Homodyne Coherent Optical Systems
Authors: Gao Yuyuan , Huo Jiahao , Lu Dongxu , Liu Fei , Yuan Jinhui , Zhou Xian
Published: October 2021

Based on the delayed self-heterodyne scheme, the linewidths of DFB and ECL are measured and analyzed by PSD of optical field, variance of phase difference and FM-noise PSD spectrum. The latter can measure the linewidth produced by white FM-noise. The impact of white noise and flick noise of laser on BER and mismatch length is researched.
Real-time 80-Channel 75-GHz-Spacing Coherent Transmission over Extended C-Band for Long-haul Network beyond 100G
Authors: Wang Dong , Sun Jiang , Li Yunbo , Ge Dawei , Gu Jianghua , Zhong Shengqian , Zhao Yang , Liao Shenghui , Mao Lei , Zhang Dechao , Li Han
Published: October 2021

80-channel 75-GHz-spacing coherent transmission system over extended C-band from 1524.59 nm to 1571.96 nm is proposed. Error-free real-time 8-span transmission of single-carrier 75-GHz-spacing 200-Gbit/s PM-QPSK signals over 604 km with 7.5-dB OSNR margin is achieved.
Erbium-ytterbium Co-doped Phosphosilicate fiber for extended L-band Amplification
Authors: Chen Yang , Lou Yang , Shi Chanjuan , Gu Zhimu , Qiu Qiang , He Le , Xing Yinbin , Chu Yingbo , Peng Jinggang , Li Haiqing , Dai Nengli , Li Jinyan
Published: October 2021

We report an erbium-ytterbium co-doped phosphosilicate fiber for use in extended L-band amplification. The long wavelength of 20 dB gain was extended to 1623 nm with a -3.7 dBm signal under 1480 nm excitation.
Design optimization of 12 Core Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped amplifier and its experimental validation
Authors: Lebreton Aurelien , Kerampran Romain , Mélin Gilles , Taunay Thierry , Bordais Sylvain , Jaouën Yves , Chao Lu
Published: October 2021

A classical rate-equations model has been applied for a co-doped 12 cores Er3+/Yb3+ cladding-pump amplifier design. Optimized parameters such as active fiber length, pump power or ions concentration are proposed. Simulations and experiments are compared.
12-Gb/s Sub-THz Wireless-over-Fiber Links Using Optically Injected Semiconductor Lasers
Authors: Tseng Chin-Hao , Lin Chun-Ting , Hwang Sheng-Kwang
Published: October 2021

In this study, we propose a novel sub-THz WoF system using optically injected semiconductor lasers. BER better than the FEC limit, 3.8×10-3, is achieved for 12Gb/s QAM OFDM after 25-km fiber and 2-m wireless transmission.
Monolithically Integrated Optoelectronic Multiplexer Circuit Using Light Emitting Transistors
Authors: Chen Ying-Tzu , Liang Ya-Ting , Wu Chao-Hsin
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we demonstrate an optoelectronic multiplexer circuit using light-emitting transistors (LETs) on a GaAs substrate by a monolithically integrated fabrication process for use in optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEICs).
Ultracompact and broadband wavelength (de)multiplexer based on asymmetrical directional coupler with subwavelength grating
Authors: Wang Fuling , Xu Xiao , Zhao Jia
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate an ultracompact (~9 μm) wavelength demultiplexer based on SWG-assisted asymmetrical directional coupler. Low loss (< 0.2 dB) and high extinction ratio (> 19 dB) are obtained for almost the whole O-band and C-band.
Broadband Polarization Insensitive 1×8 WDM Multi-Cast Switch and Amplifier for Optical Networks
Authors: Zali Aref Rasoulzadeh , Tessema Netsanet M. , Prifti Kristif , Kleijn Steven , Augustin Luc , Stabile Ripalta , Calabretta Nicola
Published: October 2021

We have experimentally demonstrated a 1x8 WDM polarization-insensitive multicast switch based on bulk SOAs. Results show net gain of 11dB, broadband and error-free operation with 0.55dB power penalty at 10GBps NRZ-OOK, and crosstalk <-39dB.
Resonant-enhanced optical switch based on non-volatile phase change material GST
Authors: Wu Di , Yang Xing , Zhang Hanyu , Wang Ningning , Lu Liangjun , Chen Jianping , Zhou Linjie
Published: October 2021

We report a resonant-enhanced non-volatile optical switch design based on phase change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST). Transmission contrast between two GST phase states is significantly improved compared with the non-resonant device.
Joint CD and DGD estimation enabled by FrFT based time-frequency reconstruction
Authors: Jiang Ting , Xiang Yating , Tan Hongxiu , Tang Ming
Published: October 2021

We developed a joint CD and DGD estimation algorithm using Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT) based time-frequency reconstruction and multi-task deep neural network (MT-DNN). The estimation error for CD and DGD is 217ps/nm and 0.46ps, respectively.
A Stokes-space-rotation Based Randomly Fast RSOP Tracking Algorithm Using Extended Kalman Filter
Authors: Hou Weichen , Zhai Xiran , Wang Yue , Lu Qingmin , Zhang Xiaoguang
Published: October 2021

A new algorithm for tracking fast RSOP using Kalman filter was proposed based on the rotation representation in Stokes space. The numerical simulations showed the algorithm can track randomly varied ultra-fast RSOP in fiber channels.
Measurement of Transmitter IQ Skew in High-Speed Digital Coherent Communication Systems
Authors: Tsuchida Naoki , Kuno Takuma , Mori Yojiro , Hasegawa Hiroshi
Published: October 2021

We propose a novel method for measuring transmitter IQ skew. Numerical simulations show that its measurement error is less than 0.1% in the presence of the other IQ impairments. Proof-of-concept experiments confirm its effectiveness.
Quasi-coherent noise-like pulses in a simplified nonlinear polarization evolution mode-locked fiber laser
Authors: Zhou Renlai , Li Qian , Fu H. Y.
Published: October 2021

Via three-dimensionally rotating a polarization beam splitter in the cavity, quasi-coherent noise-like pulses were experimentally demonstrated in a simplified NPE mode-locked fiber laser. The degree of first-order coherence was evaluated by an interferogram measurement.
Rational Harmonic Mode-Locked Bismuth-Based Fiber Ring Laser
Authors: Fukuchi Yutaka , Muramatsu Yu , Miyauchi Ryoichi
Published: October 2021

We report a wavelength-tunable and rational harmonic mode-locked short-cavity ring laser employing a bismuth-based highly nonlinear erbium-doped fiber with a length of 150cm. Stable, amplitude-equalized, and near-TL short optical pulses up to 40GHz are obtained.
Third-harmonic-assisted four-wave mixing in microresonator-based Kerr frequency comb generation
Authors: Zhang Hao , Wu Yifan , Ju Zongxin , Yang Huashan , He Jijun , Pan Shilong
Published: October 2021

We propose a novel scheme to generate platicon in normal dispersion Si3N4 microresonator with the assistant of the third-harmonic generation. The single platicon is obtained when the first sideband mode is coupled.
Enhanced Dispersive Wave in the Dispersion Engineered Lithium Niobate Waveguides
Authors: Ye Feng , Huang Jiayao , Li Qian
Published: October 2021

We describe a relatively lower-pump-power scheme to enhance dispersive wave with sufficient power level and better coherence by adding a weak CW trigger with femtosecond pulse pump in dispersion engineered lithium niobate waveguides.
Hollow-Core Negative Curvature Fiber for Refractive Index Sensing Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance Effect
Authors: Zhang Zhichao , Yuan Jinhui , Qiu Shi , Zhou Xian , Yan Binbin , Wu Qiang , Wang Kuiru , Sang Xinzhu , Long Keping , Yu Chongxiu
Published: October 2021

With hollow-core negative curvature fiber, a refractive index (RI) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance effect is proposed. The average sensitivity can be up to -7024 nm/RIU in the RI range from 1.29 to 1.39.
Demonstration of 352-Gbit/s Single Line Rate PS-4096QAM THz Wired Transmission over Hollow-Core Fiber
Authors: Ding Junjie , Wang Yanyi , Zhang Jiao , He Menghui , Zhao Feng , Zhao Li , Zhou Wen , Shi Yiwei , Zhu Min , Yu Jianjun
Published: October 2021

We experimentally demonstrated THz wired transmission over 1-m hollow-core fiber employing 32-Gbaud PS-4096QAM signal at 325 GHz and successfully achieved the single line rate of 352 Gbit/s and the net spectrum efficiency of 8.6 bit/s/Hz.
Erbium-doped waveguide amplifier on lithium niobate on insulator with 27.94 dB total gain and 6.20 dB/cm net gain
Authors: Cai Minglu , Wu Kan , Xiang Junmin , Chen Jianping
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate an erbium-doped waveguide amplifier on lithium niobate on insulator. The 2.58-cm long amplifier has 27.94 dB total gain (signal enhancement), 6.20 dB/cm net gain, and 3.48 dB noise figure at 1531.6 nm. © 2021 The Author(s)
Ultra-compact Single-shot Spectrometer Enabled by Stratified Waveguide Filters
Authors: Li Ang , Fainman Yeshaiahu , Cheng Qixiang , Pan Shilong
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate a silicon single-shot spectrometer with 0.008mm2 footprint, the smallest on CMOS compatible platforms. Experimental results confirm a bandwidth of 180nm with a resolution of 0.45nm. It opens new pathway towards commercial integrated spectrometers.
Real-time Single-Carrier 800Gb/s DP-64QAM Demonstration using Bi-Directional Self-homodyne Coherent Transceivers with 200krad/s Endless Active Polarization Controller
Authors: Gui Tao , Cao Juntao , Chen Xi , Zheng Keshuang , Yuan Shuai , Fang Xiaotian , Lei Yu , Zhan Qianxin , Wang Dawei , Sui Qi , Li Zhaohui , Li Liangchuan
Published: October 2021

We successfully demonstrated a real-time 800Gb/s single-carrier SHC-BiDi transmission with the proposed APC solution tracking up to a record 200 krad/s SOP rotation speed without performance penalty. A ~10km transmission without EDFA is achieved via a low cost DFB laser.
Field Trial of Cable Safety Protection and Road Traffic Monitoring over Operational 5G Transport Network with Fiber Sensing and On-Premise AI Technologies
Authors: Huang Ming-Fang , Han Shaobo , Wellbrock Glenn A. , Xia Tiejun J. , Narisetty Chaitanya , Salemi Milad , Chen Yuheng , Moore James M. , Ji Philip N. , Milione Giovanni , Wang Ting , Yoda Yukihide , Kitahara Yoshinori , Ito Morio , Aono Yoshiaki , Itoh Atsuo
Published: October 2021

We report the distributed-fiber-sensing field trial results over a 5G-transport-network. A standard communication fiber is used with real-time AI processing for cable self-protection, cable- cut threat assessment and road traffic monitoring in a long-term continuous test.
Over 60GHz InP CDM and ICR Enabling 800Gbps LR/ER/ZR/ZR+ Transmission Links With 120Gbaud/DP-16QAM Modulation
Authors: Chen You-Wei , Kuzmin Konstantin , Poirier Maxime , Tomimoto Tadatoshi , Zarris George , Moore Ron , Chen Chengkun , Wu Wuchun , Huang Jun , Boudreau Marcel , Xu Hui , Way Winston I.
Published: October 2021

By using >60GHz 3dB bandwidth InP coherent driver modulator (CDM) and intradyne coherent receiver (ICR), we have demonstrated a record ≤13.6dB link budget for 800LR/ER, an rOSNR of 27dB for 600-km 800ZR+, and an 800ZR link accommodating optical line protection with a >20dB fiber loss budget. © 2021 The Author(s)
Numerical Assessment of End-of-Life Impact of Optical Filtering by WSS-based OXCs in WDM Fiber Networks
Authors: Zami Thierry , Lavigne Bruno , Ghazisaeidi Amirhossein
Published: October 2021

We report an extensive assessment of OSNR penalties stemming from end-of-life optical filtering of WDM channels when they go through numerous wavelength-routing optical cross- connects in telecommunication fiber networks.
Optimized M-APSK Constellation Design based on Error Rate Formulation in Laser Phase Noise
Authors: Wang Qian , Quan Zhi , Du Xinwei , Bi Suzhi , Kam Pooi-Yuen , Yu Changyuan
Published: October 2021

This paper provides an analytical framework for optimized M-APSK design in laser phase noise, using the closed-form error floor and symbol error rate minimization for- mulations. The deign rule works very well especially for larger M.
Graphene-Buried Polymer Waveguide Mach-Zehnder Interferometer for Low-Power All-Optical Switching
Authors: Jiang Lianzhong , Huang Quandong , Chiang Kin Seng
Published: October 2021

We propose a graphene-buried polymer waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer for all-optical switching based on the photothermal effect of graphene. Our experimental device achieves an extinction ratio of 22 dB at a switching power of 8.2 mW.
An in-fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer for salinity sensor based on interface-fiber inscribed by femtosecond laser
Authors: Zhang Shengqi , Liu Zhengyong , Yang Chengkun , Li Zhaohui
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a novel in-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer in a single mode optical fiber is proposed for the measurement of seawater salinity. The salinity sensitivity increases exponentially with the sensing arm approaching the cladding interface.
Subwavelength Optofluidic Microstructured Optical Fibers
Authors: Yu Ruowei , Wang Caoyuan , Hao Yang , Xiao Limin
Published: October 2021

We propose a tapered optofluidic microstructured optical fiber with a subwavelength core, which can provide a promising low-loss subwavelength-scale optofluidic waveguide for various applications.
High Efficiency Double Layer Grating Couplers Supporting Polarization Diversity for Photonic Switches
Authors: Shirao Mizuki , Tremblay Jean-Etienne , Henriksson Johannes , Kwon Kyungmok , Luo Jianheng , Honardoost Amirmahdi , Wu Ming C.
Published: October 2021

We report on novel dual-layer grating couplers that support polarization diversity in silicon photonics. High coupling efficiency (-0.22 dB or 95.1%) and low polarization dependence (0.1 dB) have been realized through inverse design.
Accurate Performance Estimation for Nonlinear System
Authors: Su Xiaofei , Ye Tong , Yang Chengwu , Tao Zhenning , Nakashima Hisao , Hoshida Takeshi
Published: October 2021

The nonlinear term cannot be considered as the equivalent nonlinear noise in general because the odd order term contains the signal information. The orthogonal component is the correct noise and the estimation error is 0.2dB.
Joint Modulation Format Identification and OSNR Estimation Using Complex-valued Neural Networks
Authors: Cao Fengchu , Gao Mingyi , Wang Lei , Wang Pengfei , Shao Weidong
Published: October 2021

A joint modulation format identification and OSNR estimation scheme is proposed for quadrature amplitude modulation coherent optical systems using complex-valued neural networks. Simulated results verify the proposed method with high identification accuracy and noise tolerance.
Nonlinear Noise Measurement for Optical Communication
Authors: Tao Zhenning , Zhang Ke , Su Xiaofei , Nakashima Hisao , Hoshida Takeshi
Published: October 2021

Two equivalent nonlinear noise measurement methods are evaluated. The orthogonal component is correct, whereas the noise-to-power ratio measured by notch process is usually not. The notch process usually changes the nonlinear behavior no matter how narrow the bandwidth is.
Coherent PON: System Merit and Technical Challenges
Authors: Kaneda Noriaki , Mahadevan Amitkumar , Houtsma Vincent , van Veen Doutje
Published: October 2021

The use of coherent techniques for TDM-PON including its link budget and complexity is discussed. NRZ modulation with EML in two polarizations combined with coherent detection is experimentally exemplified as a candidate for cost-effective solution.
Experimental ARoF System Based on OPLL Mm-Wave Generation for Beyond 5G
Authors: Santacruz Javier Pérez , Dodane Delphin , Bourderionnet Jerome , Rommel Simon , Jurado-Navas Antonio , Johannsen Ulf , Monroy Idelfonso Tafur
Published: October 2021

We experimentally analyze the ARoF based on OPLL mm-Wave generation performance for 5G fronthaul. Remarkable performance improvements are achieved for all 5G NR numerologies and different OPLL configurations despite their inherently high phase noise level.
Wide Field-of-View Color-Converting Concentrator for High-Speed MIMO UV-to-Visible Light Communication
Authors: Wang Zhaoming , Zhang Li , Li Jingzhou , Wei Zixian , Dong Yuhan , Wei Guodan , Fu H. Y.
Published: October 2021

We proposed a MIMO-NOMA system using a fluorescent quantum dots concentrator with wide FOV of 60°. The record sum rate of 144 Mbps is reached for UV-to-visible light communication over 2-m distance.
Topology optimization of sharp waveguide bends for mode-division multiplexing
Authors: Zhong Zhongqiu , Liu Yingjie , Xu Ke
Published: October 2021

A multimode bend for four TE modes is designed via topological optimization. The device can operate from 1520-1580 nm with excess losses lower than 0.80 dB and inter-mode crosstalk lower than ‒15.52 dB.
Doppler Laser Radar for Range and Speed Measurement of Road Objects with a Single Photon-detector
Authors: Zhou Yaqi , Mao Xuesong , Cheng Yongzhi , Xiong Ying , Wang Daobin
Published: October 2021

Range and speed measurement at the same time by vehicle laser radar is not commercially realized yet. A laser radar architecture which uses single photon-detector (PD) is proposed to measure both range and speed. For achieving the purpose, pulse position modulation technique is applied to modulate the transmitting waveform. At the receiving end, data integration is applied to the PD outputs for localizing the noise buried back signal. A non-uniform Fourier transform technique is then put forward for computing Doppler frequency of the PD outputs, which is generated by moving objects in roads. By these two steps, range and speed are obtained from the single PD outputs, and thus have advantages of higher stability and lower costs.
Recent Progress in Brillouin Optical Correlation Domain Technologies as Fiber Optic Nerve Systems for Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Hotate Kazuo , Okawa Youhei
Published: October 2021

Distributed fiber optic sensing based on Brillouin Optical Correlation Domain Technologies are discussed, as fiber optic nerve systems for structural health monitoring. Principle, basic performances, application trials, and recent progresses of these technologies are shown.
Demonstration of Photon-Photon Resonance Improved Direct Modulation Bandwidth of Partially Corrugated Grating with Passive Feedback
Authors: Sulikhah Siti , Lee San Liang , Tsao Hen Wai
Published: October 2021

The PCG-PFLs are proposed here to transmit 56-Gbaud/s PAM-4 signals with high single mode yield of 82.54%. By using a 200-μm long passive section, an enhanced bandwidth >60-GHz can be achieved by the PPR effect.
Analysis and Compensation of Transmitter IQ Imbalance Based on MIMO Equalizer for Single-lane 800G DCI
Authors: Wang Jikuan , Zhang Jiao , Zhu Min , Xu Weiliang , Zhou Qingyi , Liu Xiang , Li Qinru , Hua Bingchang , Zou Yucong , Cai Yuancheng , Lei Mingzheng , Li Aijie , Tong Weidong
Published: October 2021

We proposed a novel equalizer structure to compensate transmitter IQ imbalance for single-lane 800G coherent optical transmission system. The performances of equalizer are extensively validated using M-QAM modulation with single-wavelength 800Gbit/s net rate.
Probabilistic Shaped LDPC-coded 400G PM-64QAM DWDM Transmission in 50-GHz Grid
Authors: Han Xiao , Yue Yang , Qu Zhen , Holmes Ryan , Djordjevic Ivan B.
Published: October 2021

Crosstalk tolerance of 400G PS-64QAM DWDM transmission in 50-GHz grid is investigated. In single-channel scenario, PS-64QAM outperforms uniform-64QAM by 0.6 dB, while PS-64QAM with optimized roll-off factor features a 0.9-dB gain in DWDM transmission regime.
A Digital In-service Relative Time Delay Estimation Method for SDM Self-homodyne Coherent Systems
Authors: Li Weihao , Zhang Mingming , Chen Yizhao , Zhao Can , Tang Ming
Published: October 2021

We propose a digital in-service relative time delay estimation method for SDM self- homodyne coherent systems, high accuracy with standard deviation < 0.04 ns over a large dynamic range [1.84, 239.59 ns] has been realized.
Wavefront shaping empowered high-resolution optical focusing at depths in tissue and its application for single neuron optogenetics
Authors: ZHONG Tianting , QIU Zhihai , CHENG Shengfu , SUN Lei , LAI Puxiang
Published: October 2021

Wide field single neuron activation on primary neurons was achieved by wavefront shaping-enabled multimode fiber-based optogenetics. The capability through intact skull layer opens a new horizon for noninvasive single neuron optogenetics at depths.
InGaAs Photodiodes on Silicon by Heteroepitaxy
Authors: Song Bowen , Shi Bei , Zhu Si , Brunelli Simone Šuran , Klamkin Jonathan
Published: October 2021

InGaAs photodiodes were realized on Si by heteroepitaxy, demonstrating low dark current density of 0.45 mA/cm2, responsivity up to 0.64 A/W and a bandwidth of 11.2 GHz at 1550 nm.
Demonstration of 100 Gb/s 16APSK(4-Amplitude x 4-Phase) Coherent PON System Using a Few MHz-Linewidth LD
Authors: Minato Naoki , Kanda Yoshihiro , Kashima Masayuki , Sasaki Hironori
Published: October 2021

A modulation format of 4-bit-per-symbol with only four phases is proposed to realize a low-cost system tolerant of phase noise for 100-Gb/s PON. A dual-polarized 100-Gb/s system with the proposal at 12.5-Gbaud is successfully demonstrated.