bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Augmented Multiscale Formulation (AMS) for Incompressible Turbulence
Authors: Ranjan Rakesh , Araya Guillermo
Published: November 2024

We revise the multiscale formulation for incompressible flow computations. In addition to the classical multiscale formulation, we incorporate an iterative penalty approach to ensure the incompressibility condition during the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations. The constraint of incompressibility, enforced by the continuity equation, is approached via an iterative penalty method. The multiscale formulation (MS) of Hughes et al. [1] is reconsidered, introducing a new formulation named Augmented Multiscale Formulation (AMS). We maintain consistency of the formulation by carrying the velocity and pressure variables rather than an L2 projection of the same variables, as previously investigated by researchers in the past. Inexact Newton solvers are utilized to solve discrete problems. In this aspect, the formulation departs from the Multiscale Formulation for incompressible turbulence. In the current formulation, there is no requirement to resort to least squares stabilization as a separate stabilization mechanism, and this departure is intuitive since there are no shock discontinuities when solving incompressible flow. We validated the AMS formulation with the Kovasznay flow problem and standard solutions available. We benchmark the temporal evolution of AMS formulation with the driven cavity solutions provided by the ASUPG/AGLS formulation. Furthermore, the revised formulation is tested on a series of problems such as flow past a series of cylinders, cylinders in rotation, to serve as incompressible flow benchmarks and excellent agreement is reported for all problems, including experimental data from Zdravkovich [2] and Schlichting et al. [3] for the problem of flow past a single cylinder. We report non-linear convergence histories of the formulation, as well which are difficult to provide within the MS formulation. The predictor-corrector scheme that has been utilized for the solutions of incompressible flow computations has been the reason the method has not been able to provide non linear convergence histories for the problems solved. There is departure from the procedure in the present framework: present AMS and MS formulation both recover lower L2 error with analytical solutions of Navier-Stokes equations and the error is found to be lower than the ASUPG formulation of Ranjan [4] for low plevels of 3 and 4. For higher polynomial orders, we report suboptimal convergence of the pressures. This paper provides an insightful look at the non-linear convergence of the incompressible flow Navier-Stokes equations within a stabilized finite element setting.
Comparative metabolomic analysis reveals shared and unique features of COVID-19 cytokine storm and surgical sepsis
Authors: Russkih Iana , Popov Oleg , Klochkova Tatiana , Sushentseva Natalia , Apalko Svetlana , Asinovskaya Anna , Mosenko Sergey , Sarana Andrey , Shcherbak Sergey
Published: November 2024

The clinical manifestations of the cytokine storm (CS) associated with COVID-19 resemble the acute phase of sepsis. Metabolomics may contribute to understanding the specific pathobiology of these two syndromes. The aim of this study was to compare serum metabolomic profiles in CS associated with COVID-19 vs. septic surgery patients. In retrospective cross-sectional study serum samples from patients with CS associated with COVID-19, with and without comorbidity as well as serum samples from patients with surgical sepsis were investigated. A targeted metabolomic analysis was carried out in all samples using LC-MS/MS method. Analysis revealed that similar alterations in serum metabolome of patients with COVID-19 and in surgical septic patients were associated with amino acid metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, inflammatory status, methionine cycle and glycolysis. The most significant difference was identified for the serum levels of metabolites of kynurenine synthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, as well as for gamma-aminobutyric acid and niacinamide. The metabolic pathway of cysteine and methionine metabolism was disturbed significantly in COVID-19 and surgical septic patients. For the first time, the similarities and differences between the serum metabolomic profiles of patients with CS associated with COVID-19 and patients with surgical sepsis were investigated for the patients from northwest of Russian Federation.
A Covert, Secure and Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol Based on Statistical Machine Learning in Multi-Domain Communication Applications
Authors: Esmaeili Sobhan , Ghasemi Jamal
Published: November 2024

In recent decades, multi-domain communications (air-water) have garnered significant attention from both scientific and civil communities due to their diverse impacts and applications. However, in addition to security challenges, these types of communications face limitations regarding direct cross-medium communication, transmission capacity, transmission range, and energy consumption due to water properties and reflections occurring at the interface between the two mediums. While various solutions have been proposed to address these challenges, the majority of them are either not energy-efficient or fail to guarantee communication security in specific applications. Therefore, in this research, we propose a secure covert communication protocol with energy efficiency for multi-domain communication applications to address the aforementioned challenges. In this protocol, to enhance security and reduce bandwidth consumption, data is sampled based on its entropy and then simultaneously compressed and encrypted according to its sparsity level. Next, the resulting output is modulated onto amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise, hidden, and spread out over time using a chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG). The signal is then transmitted through a wide-field optical system. Here, we utilize an array of ultrasonic sensors and a prediction algorithm to calculate the optimal water surface impact point. We also use OOK pulse-based modulation combined with laser diode switching to reduce energy consumption and increase data transmission capacity. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model, compared to previous methods, not only enhances security but also reduces energy consumption and increases transmission capacity.
Incorporating Complex Science into Decisions; Lived Experiences of using Genomics Data and Information in Decision-making Processes in Malawi.
Authors: Mijumbi Rhona , Phiri Elias Rejoice , Kalata Olive Mbekwani , Chawani Marlen Stacey , Sakala Melody , Chinkombero Annette , Mitambo Collins , Kasambara Watipaso
Published: November 2024

Policy and decision-makers are increasingly interacting with complex science as the momentum for evidence-informed decision-making grows. Unfortunately, often, the decision-makers have not been equipped optimally for this interaction, and so may not understand, communicate, or use the data and information appropriately, or at all. This leads to missed opportunities for science to improve health and society outcomes, and in the worst case scenarios, may lead to risky decisions, if results are misinterpreted or miscommunicated. In this study, we explored decision-makers' lived experiences interacting with complex science at the mid and grass-roots levels in Malawi, using genomics as a case example of complex science. Decision-makers articulated points at which bottlenecks are present, and how. They identified challenges with knowledge of, interpretation, and application of genomics-related information, not knowing where to find it, the absence of translation of concepts to facilitate local dialogue, and poor evidence-intermediary structures and efforts, among others. They also identified interventions that could facilitate the process including the use of locally established and already-trusted structures for brokering knowledge. It is important that these challenges are addressed to improve the use of complex science in both high and local level decision-making, or it risks continuing to be seen as difficult and elitist and left out of crucial decisions.
Multi-Color Photonic Integrated Circuits Based on Homogeneous Integration of Quantum Cascade Lasers
Authors: Burghart Dominik , Zhang Kevin , Oberhausen Wolfhard , Köninger Anna , Boehm Gerhard , Belkin Mikhail
Published: November 2024

We demonstrate an InP-based mid-infrared photonic integrated circuit processed from a wafer in which two distinct quantum cascade laser active regions are grown in different areas on the same InP crystal. A passive InGaAs waveguiding layer is epitaxially deposited on top of the entire InP substrate prior to the laser active region growth to optically couple the lasers emission and to multiplex their emission wavelengths to a single output waveguide. The method demonstrated in this work enables the creation of monolithic photonic integrated circuits with emission wavelength spanning the entire 3–15 µm spectral range and it is of interest for a wide range of applications.
Metagenomic and bacterial culture studies of human breast milk microbiota: factors influencing its bacterial composition and diversity
Authors: Querin Benjamin , Larsonneur Elise , Caloustian Christophe , Meyer Vincent , Cezard Lauriane , Razafimahefa Hasinirina , Deleuze Jean-François , Lecointe Didier , Segurens Béatrice
Published: November 2024

Background
Human breast milk is used as the optimum feeding regime for newborn infants. In hospitals, it is critical for premature infants, protecting them from illnesses such as necrotizing enterocolitis. It has its own companion microbiota, whose bacterial composition and diversity are affected by several factors linked to the mother and her baby. However, little is known about the breast milk microbiota of mothers who delivered premature infants. The goal of the present study was to examine the breast milk microbiota and determine the factors influencing its composition and diversity over the time.
Results
We analysed 137 breast milk samples collected from 40 women who delivered premature and extremely premature infants. Each sample was both analysed by bacterial culture and the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using an Illumina platform to characterize microbial communities. For the samples analysed, a diverse community of breast milk bacteria was found with the most dominant phyla being Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter and Corynebacterium were the most prevalent. A core milk microbiota has been defined, composed of seven genera. The pregnancy number, lactation stage and mother’s body mass index were shown to influence bacterial diversity. In contrast, no statistically significant differences were observed for maternal age, gestational age, parity, population, mother’s blood group, mode of delivery, infant gender, infant weight, and use of antibiotic prophylaxis during delivery. Most of the bacterial species detected by bacterial culture were also identified to genus taxonomic level by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Longitudinal analyses showed that bacterial diversity tended to increase over time, while the aerobic bacterial flora was rather stable over time. Moreover, LEfSe analysis allowed us to make associations between bacteria in breast milk with certain maternal conditions or factors.
Conclusions
Our study showed that the bacterial composition and diversity of breast milk are influenced by several maternal factors. We have observed a variability in bacterial diversity and composition during the 3 stages of lactation, which differs between mothers. We have identified bacterial signatures associated with different clinical conditions in the mother and child.
Cerebral Vasculitis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) : Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: AJERTIL Abderrazzak , KABBAJ Najat , QUESSAR Abdeljalil EL
Published: November 2024

Cerebral vasculitis, though rare, represents a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and poses numerous challenges in terms of management due to its potential for severe neurological consequences and often poor prognosis. We report the case of a 32-year-old man with SLE who presented with three seizure episodes and cognitive deterioration. Neurological examinations, laboratory analyses, and imaging findings led to a diagnosis of cerebral vasculitis secondary to SLE. Despite intensive immunosuppressive treatment, the patient’s neurological condition deteriorated, resulting in multiorgan failure. Ultimately, the patient died due to multiorgan failure linked to severe central nervous system vasculitis and associated complications. This case highlights the importance of early detection and aggressive treatment of cerebral vasculitis in the context of SLE.
Sequestration of carbon dioxide from a gas sweetening plant in an oilfield via integrated microalgal cultivation with wastewater treatment; A technical appraisal and economic feasibility evaluation.
Authors: Elmezain Ahmed , Abdel-Monem Nabil , Shimi Hassan
Published: November 2024

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is promoted a promising decarbonization strategy. It is argued to be a potential solution for Egypt’s greenhouse gas emissions which have substantially grown over the past three decades. A widely recognized method of CCS is biological storage via microalgal cultivation. However, most CCS applications in the oil sector are geologic storage and there is no single biological or geologic storage project in Egypt. Additionally, there is a severe lack of research on microalgal applications for CO2 storage in Egypt. That is why this research aims to build a case study for a pure source of CO2 emitted from a gas sweetening plant in Bapetco oil company in the western desert in Egypt. It is a preliminary design for an integrated microalgal cultivation project with wastewater treatment capability for the sake of carbon sequestration and biomass production. To do so, this paper performed a laboratory experiment to examine the tolerability of two microalgal species for being exposed to a CO2 source. Based on the results of this experiment, a technical model was proposed to select the required machinery and infrastructure. Finally, it proposed a financial model of the capital and operating costs, loan repayment, and net present value with sensitivity analysis. The findings showed that selling biomass as a final product was uneconomic enough as it generated negative IRR and NPV. It also showed two strikingly interesting results: species with high CO2tolerability are not recommended, and carbon pricing is of little help in funding microalgal projects compared to biomass productivity. The originality of this research comes from its adoption of biological storage in the oil industry, equipped with technical and financial models.
Ethical and Secure Evidence Generation from Regionwide Clinical Data through a Collaborative Environment for Advancing Predictive Care
Authors: Muñoyerro-Muñiz Dolores , Villegas Román , Oliva Víctor de la , Esteban-Medina Alberto , Valle Patricia Fernández , Sánchez Ana , Susin M. Belen , Gutierrez-Alvarez Isidoro , Reboredo Marta , Alejos Laura , Loucera Carlos , Dopazo Joaquin
Published: November 2024

Background: Data protection is often regarded as a major hurdle in clinical research, especially when handling sensitive patient information. However, by managing sensitive data within a secure environment, it becomes possible to mitigate these challenges and promote evidence generation through clinical data studies. This manuscript introduces a collaborative environment which facilitates the secure and ethical secondary use of clinical data for medical research. The environment combines a comprehensive health population database, integrating real-world data (RWD) from over 15 million patients, with a legal framework for patient privacy and data security and a secure processing environment (SPE) for ethically compliant clinical data research.
Methods: The SPE of this collaborative environment is a computational infrastructure (IRWD), located within the healthcare corporative network, that enables large-scale studies essential for real-world evidence (RWE) generation. Within iRWD, diverse studies can be conducted, including treatment efficacy assessments, survival analyses, and the development of predictive models. These studies leverage RWD to perform robust analyses while maintaining compliance with stringent regulatory standards, such as the European Health Data Space (EHDS) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which govern data security and patient privacy.
Results: One of the key outcomes facilitated by this infrastructure is the systematic development of early endpoint predictors. These predictive algorithms can identify high-risk patients before symptoms emerge, enabling preventive interventions. The approach promotes a shift in healthcare from a reactive model to a preventive one, allowing for early, efficient, and cost-effective treatments that improve patient outcomes. Additionally, the model supports public-private partnerships, generating revenues that sustain this collaborative environment while reinforcing its capacity for continuous healthcare innovation.
Conclusions: The integration of clinical big data within a legally compliant and secure framework provided by the SPE offers a sustainable and proactive model for healthcare improvement. The infrastructure supports the development of cost-effective predictive models that are particularly valuable for an aging population, ultimately transforming healthcare delivery into a proactive, data-driven system. By positioning the health system as a central player in knowledge generation and wealth creation, this collaborative initiative sets a new benchmark for data-driven healthcare models across Europe and beyond, highlighting its potential for global adaptation and impact.
Septal Thickness as a Predictor for Appropriate ICD Shocks in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients
Authors: Danesh Sina , Ahadi Mahsa , Nikoo Mohammad Hossein
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) can prevent sudden cardiac death (SCD) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. Guidelines assess HCM patients regarding SCD risk to identify ICD candidates. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between receiving an appropriate shock and SCD’s main risk factors in patients with ICD.
Method
All the HCM patients with ICD implantations during 2006 to 2021 in Alzahra and Shahid Faghihi hospitals in Shiraz, Iran who were ≥ 18 were included. Patients with other cardiac or chronic underlying diseases were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups based on receiving an appropriate or inappropriate shock. We used Pearson correlation test to find correlations between receiving an appropriate shock and cardinal risk factors of SCD. A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to define a cutoff point for the variables that were correlated to appropriate shock.
Result
We enrolled 71 patients (65% male). The mean age of participants was 46.0 ± 17.5 years. Patients who experienced an appropriate shock during the follow-up period (24 patients), were younger (41.3 ± 13.3 years). Only septal thickness of > 18mm showed a significant correlation with receiving an appropriate shock with 87.5% sensitivity and 86% specificity (all P values < 0.001). The mortality rate in our population was 5.6%.
Conclusion
conventional risk factors of SCD have a low predictive utility for appropriate shocks. The latest guidelines state that left ventricle wall thickness ≥ 30 mm is an isolated risk factor. We suggest the septal thickness > 18mm as a potential risk factor in SCD risk assessment guidelines.
Seed Production in Watermelon: A Comparison between Two Commercially Available Pollinators
Authors: Stanghellini M.S. , Ambrose J.T. , Schultheis J.R.
Published: November 2024

The number of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) continues to decline due to parasitic mite pests and other factors. Honey bees and bumble bees (Bombus impatiens Cresson) were therefore compared for their effects on the seed set of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] in a 2-year field experiment. The experiment was a 2 x 4 + 2 factorial, comparing bee type (honey bee or bumble bee) at four visitation levels (1, 6, 12, and 18 bee visits) to pistillate flowers, with two controls: a no-visit treatment and an open-pollinated treatment. Bee visitation level had a strong positive influence on seed set (P ≤ 0.0001). All flowers bagged to prevent insect visitation aborted, demonstrating the need for active pollen transfer between staminate and pistillate watermelon flowers. Flowers visited by B. impatiens consistently contained more seed than those visited by A. mellifera, when compared at equal bee visitation levels (P ≤ 0.0001). We conclude that bumble bees have great potential to serve as a supplemental pollinator for watermelon when honey bees available for rental are in limited supply.
Codebase release 2.0 for sauce
Authors: Marshall Caleb
Published: November 2024

Low energy nuclear physics experiments are transitioning towards fully digital data acquisition systems. Realizing the gains in flexibility afforded by these systems relies on equally flexible data reduction techniques. In this paper, methods utilizing data frames and in-memory techniques to work with data, including data from self-triggering, digital data acquisition systems, are discussed within the context of a Python package, sauce. It is shown that data frame operations can encompass common analysis needs and allow interactive data analysis. Two event building techniques, dubbed referenced and referenceless event building, are shown to provide a means to transform raw list mode data into correlated multi-detector events. These techniques are demonstrated in the analysis of two example data sets.
Chief executive officers’ compensation: Does gender pay parity exist in the Nigerian context?
Authors: Godwin Inneh Eghosa , John Ayoola Tajudeen , Ogechukwu Obokoh Lawrence
Published: November 2024

The optimal contract theory posits that an effective compensation plan should be based on performance. Globally, legislators are concerned about the gender pay gap due to stereotypes against women in line with congruity theory. Despite the plethora of gender-related studies, empirical evidence on the gender pay gap at the upper-echelon management level is limited, especially in Africa. Hence, the study examines the effect of CEO gender on CEO compensation in the Nigerian deposit money banks using a longitudinal research design. The study employed the ordinary least square (OLS), fixed effect method, and random effect method to analyze the 144 firm-year observations collected from the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) factbooks and the financial reports of 12 banks during 2011–2022. The Hausman Test (chi sq = 3.623, P = 0.003) and Redundant Fixed Effect Test (chi sq = 8.159, P = 0.000) indicated that the appropriate method of reporting is the fixed effect method. The association between CEO gender and CEO compensation (coeff = –8.690 and t = –10.31) is statistically negatively related. The study concluded a gender pay gap in favor of men among Nigerian Nigerian deposit money banks’ CEOs. These findings align with the congruity theory. The study recommends a mandatory gender pay parity plan in line with the optimal contract theory to reduce gender pay inequality.
MATERIALIZAÇÃO DO PROJETO ÉTICO POLÍTICO PROFISSIONAL E AS CONDIÇÕES DE TRABALHO DE ASSISTENTES SOCIAIS NO INTERIOR DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Lopes Noêmia de Fátima Silva , Cortes Ana Paula , Segal Daniele Alves , Andrade Ivani de , Silva Janaina de Oliveira , Afonso Jéssica da Silva , Moraes Leslie de , Abreu Lornídia da Silva , Rodrigues Verônica da Mata Huebra
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar de que forma o Projeto Ético Político do Serviço Social tem sido materializado por assistentes sociais na região do município de Manhuaçu, MG. A prática do Serviço Social é uma atividade laboral exercida por profissional habilitado, capaz de trabalhar o conjunto de expressões das desigualdades sociais geradas na sociedade capitalista. Os instrumentos de trabalho do Serviço Social estão diretamente associados à formação teórica, técnico-operacional e ético-política. Sua finalidade social está voltada para a intervenção naperspectiva de democratização, autonomia dos sujeitos, acesso aos direitos, e à clareza do projeto ético-político - fundamental para o fortalecimento desta categoria profissional e da classe trabalhadora. Este estudo de caráter exploratório utilizou-se da pesquisa qualitativa fundamentada no método crítico dialético de Marx. Foram entrevistados profissionais do município de Manhuaçu e suas cidades limítrofes. Pode-se perceber que o Projeto Ético Político se depara com fatores que dificultam sua materialização diante de condições precárias de trabalho. Esta realidade reclama por mudanças e organização coletiva do profissional de Serviço Social.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA CARTILHA DE CUIDADOS E ORIENTAÇÕES PARA PACIENTES DIABÉTICOS INSULINODEPENDENTES
Authors: Fiorini Fernanda , Buczynski Adriane , Rocha Giovana Regina Massuqueto , Galvão Ana Flávia de Abreu , Wayar Mariane Aparecida Sanson
Published: November 2024

O diabetes mellitus é uma doença que representa uma série de condições metabólicas associadas à hiperglicemia, ocasionada pela destruição de células localizadas nas ilhotas de Langerhans pancreáticas ou da deficiência relativa de produção de insulina, podendo promover complicações cardiovasculares, retinopatia, nefropatia, neuropatia e alterações bucais quando a patologia não for controlada adequadamente. A Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes estima que para o ano de 2045, o número de pessoas portadoras de diabetes mundialmente seja superior a 628,6 milhões de pessoas. Desta forma, o objetivo do estudo é confeccionar uma cartilha educativa para portadores de diabetes mellitus que fazem uso de insulina, na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) no município de Ponta Grossa. O desenvolvimento da cartilha ocorreu após a identificação dos questionamentos e dificuldades de pacientes diabéticos que procuram as Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBSs) de atuação dos residentes em Saúde Coletiva, seguido por levantamento bibliográfico acerca do tema. A cartilha desenvolvida apresenta 47 páginas, contendo informações sobre a etiologia, sintomas, fatores de risco, e complicações do diabetes, orientações multidisciplinares quanto ao tratamento farmacológico e não farmacológico da doença, além de apresentar espaço para registro de consultas, resultados de exames e controle de retirada de insulina. Desta forma a cartilha orientativa pode integrar um plano estratégico do município de controle de pacientes diabéticos, podendo beneficiar tanto o paciente quanto à equipe multidisciplinar da APS. O emprego da cartilha inserida num contexto de políticas públicas de enfrentamento do diabetes na APS, pode atuar como instrumento de conscientização e instrução da população sobre a prevenção e controle da patologia, podendo auxiliar na diminuição da morbidade e mortalidade por diabetes mellitus.
Uit het verleden van de Brugsepoortwijk - Deel 3: nieuwe hoofdwegen
Authors: Devriese Luc
Published: November 2024

Dit deel start met een revolutionaire ingreep die de wijk opende naar het westen toe: de aanleg van de Drongensesteenweg dwars doorheen moerassig gebied. Een tweede, zo mogelijk nog belangrijker realisatie betrof het ontwerpen aan het einde van de jaren 1800 van de Rooigemlaan. Die werd uitgewerkt in het begin van de daarop volgende eeuw, gedeeltelijk doorheen met arbeidersbeluiken bebouwde zones. De huisjes die afgebroken werden, waren geconcentreerd rond de Drongensesteenweg (toen Drongendreef genoemd), aan de Nekkersputstraat (bij het Rooigemzwem bad) en bij het kruispunt met de Brugsesteenweg. Een bijzondere moeilijkheid vormde het overbruggen van het kanaal Gent – Oostende, beter gekend als de Brugsevaart. In een eerste fase werd afgeweken van het mooi boogvormige tracé van de Rooigemlaan, onderdeel van de toekomstige stadsring. Via een iets kortere weg, de Hamerstraat, kon men stappen of fietsen naar het Hamerbrugje, een fietsers-voetgangersbrug. Zodoende werden de grote fabrieken aan het Verbindingskanaal (de Nieuwe Vaart) vlot bereikbaar voor het werkvolk dat in de Brugsepoortwijk woonde en in de landelijke dorpen errond. Na de wereldoorlogen werd het Hamerbrugje vervangen door de brede, nog bestaande Jozef Guislainbrug, eind- of beginpunt van de Rooigemlaan. Deze geeft, mits een klein ommetje aan de overzijde van het kanaal, toegang tot enerzijds de José Ferrerlaan leidend naar het Edmond Van Beverenplein en, anderzijds, de Nieuwe Vaart en de Gasmeterlaan. Een derde, gedeeltelijk nieuwe hoofdweg betrof de Brugse Steenweg. De in essentie al lang bestaande weg, reeds in de jaren 1600 vermeld op Mariakerke, kreeg binnen de stadsring – Rooigemlaan nieuwe namen: Phoenixstraat, Emilius Segersplein en Bevrijdingslaan. Deze overdrukke winkelstraat werd het kloppende hart van de Brugsepoortwijk.
Lezers aan het woord
Authors: De Moerloose Tim
Published: November 2024

Lezersrubriek
Comparison of physical activity and leisure benefits of Turkish and Polish students participating in the Erasmus program in Poland
Authors:   Faculty of Sports Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey, Aydınlı İbrahim , Sertbaş Kürşad ,   Faculty of Sports Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey, Sivrikaya Kenan ,   Faculty of Sports Sciences, Aydın University, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: November 2024

This study aims to compare the personal statements of Turkish and Polish students in the Erasmus Student Exchange Program in Poland, focusing on the benefits of physical activity and leisure time. It also examines how these practices function among Turkish and Polish students within the framework of EU Higher Education Policies. Since 2004, Turkey has participated in EU programs like Socrates, Erasmus, and Leonardo da Vinci. Although Turkey’s involvement in the Erasmus Program is relatively recent, the number of students participating in study abroad programs is rapidly increasing. This study investigates the benefits of physical activity and leisure time for Turkish and Polish students in the Erasmus Program. Data was collected using the "International Physical Activity Questionnaire" and the "Leisure Time Utilization Scale." These tools were administered online to 60 students (30 Turkish and 30 Polish) living in Poland. Participants provided informed consent before participating. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The analysis showed no significant differences between the two groups in terms of physical activity participation and leisure activities. Both groups preferred similar physical activities during their free time. The recreational activities they tried for the first time were mainly sports-related, and their ability to meet their recreational needs was similar.
Improving Participant Recruitment in Clinical Trials: Comparative Analysis of Innovative Digital Platforms
Authors: Bikou Alexia Georgia , Deligianni Elena , Dermiki-Gkana Foteini , Liappas Nikolaos , Teriús-Padrón José Gabriel , Beltrán Jaunsarás Maria Eugenia , Cabrera-Umpiérrez Maria Fernanda , Kontogiorgis Christos
Published: November 2024

Background

Pharmaceutical product development relies on thorough and costly clinical trials. Participant recruitment and monitoring can be challenging. The incorporation of cutting-edge technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence has revolutionized clinical research (particularly in the recruitment stage), enhanced secure data storage and analysis, and facilitated participant monitoring while protecting their personal information.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the use of novel digital platforms and their features, such as e-recruitment, e-consent, and matching, aiming to optimize and expedite clinical research.

Methods

A review with a systematic approach was conducted encompassing literature from January 2000 to October 2024. The MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were examined thoroughly using a customized search string. Inclusion criteria focused on digital platforms involving clinical trial recruitment phases that were in English and had international presence, scientific validation, regulatory approval, and no geographic limitations. Literature reviews and unvalidated digital platforms were excluded. The selected studies underwent meticulous screening by the research team, ensuring a thorough analysis of novel digital platforms and their use and features for clinical trials.

Results

A total of 24 digital platforms were identified that supported clinical trial recruitment phases. In general, most of them (n=22, 80%) are headquartered and operating in the United States, providing a range of functionalities including electronic consent (n=14, 60% of the platforms), participant matching, and monitoring of patients’ health status. These supplementary features enhance the overall effectiveness of the platforms in facilitating the recruitment process for clinical trials. The analysis and digital platform findings refer to a specific time frame when the investigation took place, and a notable surge was observed in the adoption of these novel digital tools, particularly following the COVID-19 outbreak.

Conclusions

This study underscores the vital role of the identified digital platforms in clinical trials, aiding in recruitment, enhancing patient engagement, accelerating procedures, and personalizing vital sign monitoring. Despite their impact, challenges in accessibility, compatibility, and transparency require careful consideration. Addressing these challenges is crucial for optimizing digital tool integration into clinical research, allowing researchers to harness the benefits while managing the associated risks effectively.
Mobile App for Improving the Mental Health of Youth in Out-of-Home Care: Development Study Using an Intervention Mapping Approach
Authors: Park Jinyoung , Lee Jungeun , Noh Dabok
Published: November 2024

Background

Youth in out-of-home care encounter substantial mental health challenges because of the absence of stable family and social support systems. Their vulnerability is heightened by trauma, neglect, and abuse. They struggle, especially when transitioning to independent living, coping with loneliness, anxiety, and pressure.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a mobile app with high accessibility and long-term continuous effects to support independent living and improve mental health among youth in out-of-home care. The approach used was the systematic and step-by-step intervention mapping (IM) framework.

Methods

The program was created using the IM framework and had 6 steps. Drawing from data from individual and focus group interviews and literature reviews, we developed a logical model of the problem. We established program outcomes and objectives, defining performance objectives and variable determinants. We identified theoretical and evidence-based methods that influence determinants. The app design integrated these methods into practical applications, allowing for the creation of self-management and emotional support tools. The development process included ongoing discussions between app designers and the research team to ensure that user needs and preferences were addressed.

Results

Individual interviews and focus group discussions revealed challenges in managing daily routines and regulating emotions. The program design was based on the transtheoretical model, social cognitive theory, and elaboration likelihood model. Key features included goal setting, structured routines, emotion recognition flashcards, character models demonstrating emotion regulation strategies, verbal persuasion, and self-monitoring tools to support habit formation and emotion regulation. An implementation plan was developed to facilitate the app’s adoption, execution, and maintenance, while an evaluation plan was established, including app usage analytics, user logs, and feedback surveys. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted to assess the app’s impact on mental health outcomes, focusing on reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms, improving emotion regulation, and enhancing daily living skills.

Conclusions

The IM framework was beneficial in developing a mobile app to enhance the mental health of youth in out-of-home care. The study produced a program grounded in theory and evidence that caters to the needs of these individuals. Further research should aim to verify the app’s effectiveness in real-world settings and refine it continuously based on user input.
Investigate the effect of cocos water on the viability and proliferation of Leishmania donovani promastigote
Authors: Fawzi Ahmed H. , Mohammed Sabaa Taher
Published: November 2024

Effect of Cocos water on the viability of the visceral leishmaniasis parasite was investigated by MTT assay after processed with different concentrations of cocos water, and compared to the effect of pentostam treatment at different times of 24 and 48 hours, the percentage viability of promastigotes will decrease with increasing concentrations, also show that the cocos water effect on the promastigtes growth ,initially the parasite was grown at a rate of 1 × 104 cells / mL in two groups and the parasites grow at low rate of division compared with NNN-media where it was in the peak of growth then the numbers of parasites began to gradually decrease with the time, until it became in 20 days with no notable growth has occurred, then juice color like red and purple stains and natural stains like red onion , Crocus sativus, red cherry as staning the parasites, showed that the red stain was the better one , while the Crocus sativus stain was the better in natural stains the results referred to the possibility of using for staining parasite and can be using it in research and in laboratories because it its more stable and cheaper
The Involvement of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Modulating the Levels of Biogenic Amino Acids within Fermented Tarasas Products
Authors: Al-Assil Baraa Jameel , Wahwah Taghreed Abd
Published: November 2024

Combining turnip roots and leaves with cooked wheat grits and salt makes Tarasas, a fermented dish from Iraqi Kurdistan. The fermentation process takes 15 days, to produce a ready-to-eat dish. This study aims to identify the bacteria responsible and the role of wheat grits during the 0, 5, 10, and 15 days of fermentation for forming biogenic amines in Tarasas. The results demonstrate that pH levels during the fermentation periods decreased gradually. Microbial analysis showed an increased lactic acid bacteria count during Tarasas fermentation. The study also investigates how adding Lactobacillus plantarum, and yogurt starters (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) affects the process. The current study shows that adding yogurt starters at 3% increased biogenic amine levels, On the other side, using Lactobacillus plantarum as a starter at 3% reduced biogenic amine levels compared with treatments that ferment spontaneously. Additionally, decreasing the wheat grit content to 50% (of the total weight of wheat grits) was associated with a decrease in biogenic amines in the Tarasas. The sensory evaluation results also revealed that the treatments containing Lactobacillus plantarum were more acceptable to the consumer than the traditional treatment or the one with added yogurt.
Resolving Conflicts between Corporate Cultivation Rights and Indigenous Community Property Rights: A Study of Abandoned Land in Indonesian Palm Oil Plantations
Authors: Efriani Efriani , Dewantara Jagad Aditya , Azahra Siva Devi
Published: November 2024

We discovered a blank point in the study of palm oil conflicts in Indonesia, namely abandoned land. This is critical in determining the ontology of the conflicts that frequently occur between palm oil firms and communities surrounding plantation areas, conflicts that are generated by land rights. We conducted research in the Bengkayang district. Observations, desk studies, and in-depth interviews that we conducted revealed that there were four main factors causing land to be indicated as abandoned in the area of palm oil companies' cultivation rights (HGU). First, inconsistencies and uncertainties in HGU determination procedures, for example, produce challenges and tensions with indigenous groups. Second, data fabrication practices by related parties, including local governments, result in inaccurate information. Third, the lack of formal legal rights over customary land makes maintaining land ownership claims difficult for groups. Fourth, unequal acknowledgment of traditional regions' sovereignty leads to inequity in natural resource management. The phenomenon of abandoned land in this study occurs due to the duality of property rights, which reduces land productivity. The ontological implications of this research concern land development and management, regulatory simplification in maintaining customary land rights, and contemplation of overlapping land rights. This research increases understanding of the dynamics of development and management of abandoned land.
IMPACTOS COMPORTAMENTAIS ASSOCIADOS AO ETILISMO NAS ETNIAS DO AMAZONAS: Uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Secundino Francisco Karyvaldo Magalhães , Peixoto Caio Vinicius Balieiro , Sousa Glicia Guimarães , Mendes Iranete Brito Silva , Maia Lia Karoline Nogueira , Monteiro Maria Simone Bernardo , Braga Tiago de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

The objective of this work is to prove the presence of disruptive behaviors due to excessive alcohol consumption by indigenous peoples. Having as a theoretical methodological contribution the carrying out of a systematic literature review, with bibliographical research being carried out through the gathering of articles found in the Google Scholar databases, CAPES journal portal and Scielo platform, published between the years 2019 and 2023 After a structured analysis of the literature review, 20 articles were selected to prepare this article. However, a significant gap in specific studies on the topic was found, which made it difficult to obtain objective results. Despite this limitation, the systematic analysis of the literature allowed a broader understanding of the problem of alcoholism in the Brazilian indigenous population. Alcohol consumption among indigenous peoples is recognized as a complex and multifaceted problem, influenced by the cultural and linguistic diversity of communities, as well as variations in consumption rates between different regions and ethnic groups. This excessive consumption has significant negative impacts on physical and mental health, social cohesion and is associated with other public health problems. Although public policies and specific interventions, such as the National Mental Health Policy, are important in addressing this problem, they face significant challenges in implementation. Therefore, integrated and culturally sensitive approaches are essential to effectively address the problem of alcohol consumption among indigenous peoples in Brazil.
O IMPACTO DO PRECONCEITO NA SAÚDE MENTAL DE MULHERES TRANS
Authors: Ferro Luiz Roberto Marquezi , Silva Dânica Fernanda Sandretti da , Alcântara Natalia Cristina de , Salviano Camila Antonia , Lisboa Débora Cristina Abonizio , Oliveira Aislan José de
Published: November 2024

This project aimed to understand the difficulties that trans women encounter throughout the process of recognizing their identity, considering the prejudice that society expresses. The method proposed for the research was a case study, as it allows greater understanding of the topic addressed. To this end, semi-structured interviews were carried out and recorded and transcribed, serving as the basis for the final texts. The sample size was convenience due to the proposed method and the difficulty of finding individuals who are available to participate in the research. The results obtained were analyzed using discourse analysis. It was possible to observe various forms of discrimination experienced by these women, as well as how these situations affected and continue to impact their mental health. Access to adequate psychological support, together with public policies that guarantee their rights, can promote a better quality of life for these women.
SINAIS E SINTOMAS DE DEPRESSÃO EM HOMENS GAYS BRASILEIROS QUE VIVEM COM HIV: Estudo transversal
Authors: Alckmin-Carvalho Felipe , Oliveira António , Lapietra Suzilene , Pereira Rodrigo Fernando , Nichiata Lucia Yasuko Izumi
Published: November 2024

Objective: To assess the prevalence of signs and symptoms of depression in a sample of gay men living with HIV and to investigate potential associations between depression and sociodemographic and clinical variables. Method: This cross-sectional study utilized a non-probabilistic sample, recruited through the Snowball Sampling method. The study included 138 gay men living with HIV. Data were collected using a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, as well as the Beck Depression Inventory II. Results: Signs and symptoms of depression were identified in 48.47% of the participants, with 23.92% experiencing mild depression, 20.22% moderate depression, and 4.34% severe depression. The mean depression score was 10.99 (SD=8.95, 95% CI: 9.59–12.57). The most frequent symptoms included: some level of sadness (60.14%), reduced interest in daily activities (57.97%), concerns about physical problems (55.79%), reduced interest in sex (52.17%), and feeling tired (51.44%). After being diagnosed with HIV, 47.82% of the participants reported a worsening in their mental health, while 21.01% reported a decline in their physical health. There were statistically significant negative correlations between depression scores and both income and education level. Current age, age at HIV diagnosis, housing situation, socioeconomic status, employment status, and clinical variables did not correlate with depression scores. Conclusion: The high prevalence of depressive symptoms highlights the need for mental health professionals to be involved in the early diagnosis and timely treatment of depression, which can lead to better prognoses.