bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating stability of rigid-column-supported and geosynthetic-reinforced embankments
Authors: Liu H. , Luo Q. , El Naggar M. H. , Liu K. , Wang T.
Published: November 2023

Field observations and centrifuge tests indicate that progressive column bending failure accompanies most instabilities of rigid-column-supported and geosynthetic-reinforced (RCGR) embankments. However, recognized guidelines specifically for evaluating the overall stability of such systems featuring bending failure remain limited. A general methodology to calculate the factor of safety (FS) for RCGR embankments using the limit equilibrium method is presented in this article. The focus is on deep-seated slope failures, wherein rigid columns progressively fracture due to subsoil overstressing. The concentric arches model, along with tensioned geosynthetic analysis, informs the determination of vertical and horizontal loads on the column heads. The column's resisting moment stems from its flexural and compression resistance. A mobilization factor for the net thrust on each column is defined to capture the progressive failure. The methodology involves an iterative computational procedure to identify the critical slip surface and the FS using the Fellenius' method. The solution was validated using three case studies, including both centrifuge models and field tests, as well as finite-element analysis. The results indicate that the soil mass contributes the most to resisting sliding and overall stability, followed by columns and geosynthetics. In addition, axial force mainly provides the resisting moment of columns.
Extrapolating residual GMX/GDC interface strength from direct shear tests
Authors: Lin J. , Stark T. D. , Idries A.
Published: November 2023

Residual interface strength is mobilized along sideslopes of geosynthetic lined areas, such as landfill sideslope. Unfortunately, only the large displacement (LD) interface strength is measured in frequently used direct shear tests, which overpredicts the residual interface strength by about 40% because of limited continuous shear displacement and new geomembrane being introduced during the test. Commercial laboratories usually conduct direct shear tests in accordance with ASTM D5321-02 or ASTM D6243-13, which can only measure the LD interface strength. This paper suggests a method to estimate the residual interface strength from direct shear test results, which provides a better estimate of field interface strengths. The shear stres–displacement relationship from ring shear tests fits a power function, which can be used to extrapolate direct shear test results to the residual strength. This paper shows the power function can predict reasonable residual interface strengths from the shear stress–displacement relationship measured in direct shear tests. This method allows estimation of the residual strength data when only direct shear test results are available and prevents overprediction of the factor of safety (FoS) during slope stability evaluations.
On the Hydrogeological and Hydrogeochemical Features of the Orenburg Region and Adjacent Areas
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Gaev A. Ya. , Kudelina I. V. ,   Orenburg State University
Published: November 2023

The complexity of the formation of hydrodynamics and chemical composition of natural waters of the Urals folded mountains and platform Pre-Urals is due to large differences in the geological structure and in the formation of fluids in the mountain-fold, platform, and transition zones. In addition, the properties and amount of waters in the hydrosphere in the supercritical state below the Conrad boundary are practically not investigated. Hydrogeochemical regularities are used in mapping, zoning of the territory, as well as for the interpretation of the actual material, and division of the cross-section in the drainage basins. For this purpose, concepts of hydrodynamic and hydrogeochemical floors, hydrogeochemical zones, hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical aquifer complexes and horizons are used. Each hydrogeological area is distinguished by its vertical hydrogeochemical zonation, which synthesizes the most essential features of the evolution of this structure during a particular period of history. As a result, chemical types of waters with zones of a certain thickness, successively replacing each other within adjacent areas or provinces (belts) are formed. The same type of zonation may also characterize a group of structures.
Criminal Law Counteraction to Hooliganism in View of Changes to Legislation
Authors: Veklenko Vasilii , Shchepelkov Vladislav
Published: November 2023

The latest edition of the norm on criminal liability for hooliganism has been in force for two years. It is now necessary to assess the criminological situation of counterac­ting this crime and the practice of enforcing Art. 213 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. In order to conduct this assessment, the authors monitored the enforcement of the abovementioned Article and studied 100 publicly available verdicts that were issued by the courts of the Russian Federation for the crimes committed after January 10, 2021. The monitoring was carried out in November–December 2022 using continuous sampling. The study of official statistics showed that there are positive changes in counteracting criminally punishable hooliganism. The express analysis of the results of monitoring court verdicts allowed the authors to identify a number of interesting regularities in the dynamics of criminological indices of hooliganism. The criminal law research of court verdicts showed that, after Art. 213 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation was amended at the end of 2020, the old law enforcement problems (qualifying an action as a gross violation of public order, identifying the motive for hooliganism) were aggravated by the new ones (establishing the features of armed hooliganism, qualification of hooliganism in conjunctions with crimes against a person). Since the goal of the monitoring consisted in uncovering the contradictions in law enforcement, the authors limited themselves to identifying the problems and, in this connection, drew the attention to the necessity of special clarifications from the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.
Specific Issues in of Applying Release on Parole in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Theory and Practice
Authors: Nuridin Sandugash
Published: November 2023

The questions of the theory and practice of applying release on parole or non-application of certain types of punishment to some categories of persons are widely discussed in research publications both in Kazakhstan and abroad. However, an analysis of amendments introduced in Kazakh normative legal acts concerning release on parole (criminal, criminal procedure, penitentiary legislation, normative decrees of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan) reveals some discrepancies that should be corrected. The practice of applying release on parole shows that certain issues require additional legislative regulation with the purpose of eliminating any doubts about the interpretation of the law, which determines the relevance of their research. Frequent changes in legislation cause difficulties for the correct application of these normative legal acts by courts, for example, those connected with the revocation of parole, or annulment of the request for parole, which is what most often happens in practice. The abovementioned legal acts and research publications are used to conduct an analysis of the conditions for the revocation of parole, and then propose changes in Part 7 of Art 72 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is mentioned that the practice of using preventative measures by state, law enforcement bodies and non-governmental organizations is not always effective enough. Due to this, legislation should provide for the measures of its improvement, and a large-scale comprehensive plan for the re-integration of persons released on parole into all spheres of social life should be developed. The author also concludes that it is necessary to introduce certain amendments into the Rules of Monitoring the Behavior of Persons Released on Parole, which will reduce paperwork for the district police inspectors and probation officers.
Axiological Risks of the Digitization of Criminal Proceedings: Statement of the Problem
Authors: Smirnova Irina
Published: November 2023

Starting from the thesis that the society is now undergoing radical changes due to the developing digital technologies and changes in axiological dominants, the author applies the transdisciplinary research method to the analysis of axiological risks of the digitalization of criminal court proceedings. The conclusions are formulated on the basis of subjective analysis, which allows for a subjective assessment of the likelihood of the risk, because this assessment is specifically linked to the multi-factor expert analysis. The author argues for several interconnected points. First, any stage of digitizing the processes of investigation and consideration of criminal cases (automation, digitization, digital transformation) poses risks for its participants, the only difference being that the gravity of possible negative consequences increases at each stage. Secondly, the legal assessment of the risk of digitizing criminal proceedings could be performed by assessing the likelihood of the risk situation — the «risk of the risk», as well as the assessment of the consequences of a risk situation — «the risk of the consequences of the risk». Finally, the underestimation of the risk in the sphere of criminal proceedings is manifold more serious than that in the private branches of law, as the digitization of criminal proceedings, which is one of the most repressive spheres of the functioning of the state, is connected with the necessity of reconsidering the existing procedural guarantees of the rights of a person in terms of their effectiveness and sufficiency. The author proves that the digitization of court proceedings is a priori a risk for the moral foundations of criminal court proceedings. It is stressed that digitization could primarily damage the moral foundations of criminal court proceedings. Using the example of one of the basic principles of criminal proceedings — the freedom of evaluating evidence (Art. 17 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation) — the author proves that it is necessary to preserve such an ethical category as conscience, which should guide the law enforcer in making decisions.
Integrating bioinformatics and experimental models to investigate the mechanism of the chelidonine-induced mitotic catastrophe via the AKT/FOXO3/FOXM1 axis in breast cancer cells
Authors: Li Huimin , Tang Xiyu , Sun Zhiwei , Qu Zhongyuan , Zou Xiang
Published: November 2023

Breast cancer (BC) is currently the most frequent and lethal cancer among women, and therefore, identification of novel biomarkers and potential anticancer agents for BC is crucial. Chelidonine is one of the main active ingredients of Chelidonium majus, which has been applied in Chinese medicine prescriptions to treat cancer. This paper aimed to evaluate the ability of chelidonine to trigger mitotic catastrophe in BC cells and to clarify its mechanism through the AKT/FOXO3/FOXM1 pathway. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) was downregulated in different subtypes of BC. Factors such as age, stage, Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) grade, diverse BC subclasses, and triple-negative status were inversely correlated to FOXO3 levels in BC patients compared with healthy controls. Notably, patients exhibiting higher FOXO3 expression levels demonstrated better overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Moreover, FOXM1 levels were negatively correlated with both OS and RFS in BC patients. These results revealed that FOXO3 might be considered a predictive biomarker for the prognosis of BC. By utilizing Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), we delved into the main Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment pathways of FOXO3, and the results suggested that FOXO3 was mainly involved in cancer-related pathways and the cell cycle. Thereafter, MTT and flow cytometry (FCM) analysis indicated that chelidonine inhibited BC cell line proliferation and induced M phase arrest. It was found that chelidonine treatment induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis, significantly reduced the expression of survivin and promoted the expression of p53 and caspase-9. Further morphological observation illustrated depolymerization of the actin skeleton and shortening of actin filaments in BC cells, leading to the typical characteristics of mitotic catastrophe, such as abnormal mitosis and multinucleated cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated that chelidonine inhibited the expression of p-AKT to promote the expression of FOXO3 protein and weaken the expression levels of FOXM1 and polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). Taken together, our present work proved that FOXO3 might be considered a potential therapeutic target for BC. Chelidonine emerges as a promising agent to treat BC by inducing M phase arrest of BC cells and hindering the AKT/FOXO3/FOXM1 axis, thereby inducing mitotic catastrophe in BC.
All physical information is discretely connected from the beginning and all geometrical appearance is a delayed statistical consequence
Authors: Wolfgang Orthuber
Published: November 2023

Information is physically measurable as a selection from a set of possibilities, the domain of information. This defines the term "information". The domain of the information must be known together reproducibly beforehand. As a practical consequence, digital information exchange can be made globally efficient, interoperable, and searchable to a large extent by online definition of application-optimized domains of information. There are even more far-reaching consequences for physics. The purpose of this article is to present prerequisites and possibilities for a physical approach that is consistent with the precise definition of information. This concerns not only the discretization of the sets of possible experimental results but also the order of their definition over time. The access to or comparison with the domain of information is more frequent, the earlier it was defined. The geometrical appearance of our space is apparently a delayed statistical consequence of a very frequent connection with the common primary domain of information.
Study of the effect of multiple phase transformations and relaxation annealing on the microstructure of a martensitic TiNi alloy in different structural states
Authors: Anna Churakova , Elmira Iskhakova
Published: November 2023

The work was devoted to studying the effect of multiple phase transformations in the temperature range of phase transformations of a TiNi alloy with a martensitic structure in various initial states - coarse-grained, ultrafine-grained, nanostructured. The conducted studies have shown that in the process of thermal cycling, the accumulation of defects in the crystalline structure occurs - dislocations, which contribute to a decrease in the size of structural elements. Subsequent relaxation annealing, slightly reducing the dislocation density, made it possible to obtain a stable and more equilibrium microstructure, including the nanostructural state.
Tetik Parmak Hastalığı Hakkında Bilgi Kaynağı Olarak YouTube
Authors: Yıldır Cem Zafer , Ercan Mehmet , Koca Tuba Tülay , Berk Ejder
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Tetik parmak hastalığı, literatürde kullanılan diğer adıyla parmağın stenozan tenosinoviti; ilgili parmakta ağrı, şişlik, hareket kısıtlılığı, tam ekstansiyon kaybı gibi klinik bulgulara yol açabilen bir hastalıktır. Çalışmamızın amacı tetik parmak hastalığı ile ilgili en çok izlenen YouTube videolarının kalite ve güvenirliğini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Videoları aramak için “trigger finger” anahtar kelimesi kullanıldı. Arama sonuçlarına göre en çok izlenen 60 video değerlendirildi. Videoların temel video metrik parametreleri izlenme sayısı, günlük izlenme sayısı, beğeni sayısı, yorum sayısı, yüklenme tarihi, YouTube’taki toplam gün sayısı kaydedildi. Videolar yükleyici kaynağa göre doktorlar, diğer sağlık profesyonelleri, sağlık bilgi siteleri, televizyon programları, bağımsız kullanıcılar olarak sınıflandırıldı. Ayrıca global kalite ölçeği (GKÖ) kullanılarak videolar düşük-orta- yüksek kalite olarak gruplandırıldı. Videoların güvenilirliği modifiye DISCERN ölçeği ve Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) kriterleri kullanılarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Toplam 60 video incelendi ve dâhil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 41 video çalışmaya alındı. Değerlendirilen 41 videonun 20’si (%48,8) doktorlar, 9’u (%22) diğer sağlık profesyonelleri, 11’i (%26,8) sağlık bilgi siteleri ve 1’i (%2,4) TV programları tarafından yüklenmiştir. Kalite sınıflamasına göre %29,3’ü düşük kalitede, %26,8’i orta kalitede ve %43,9’u ise yüksek kalitededir. Çalışmada yer alan yüksek kaliteli videoların %72 doktorlar tarafından yüklenmiş olup, doktorların yüklediği videoların %65’si yüksek kalitededir. Toplam izlenme sayısı, günlük izlenme, beğeni ve yorum sayısı açısından kalite grupları arasında anlamlı fark yoktu (p>0,05). Kaynağın doktor olduğu videoların GKÖ (p=0,002), JAMA (p=0,041) ve DISCERN (p=0,003) değeri diğer kaynakların değerinden anlamlı şekilde yüksek görülmüştür. Videoların GKÖ skoru ile JAMA, DISCERN ve süre arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir korelasyon görülmüştür.
Sonuçlar: Tetik parmak hastalığı ilgili doktorlar tarafından yüklenen YouTube videolarının çoğunluğu kalite ve güvenilirliği diğer kaynaklara göre yüksektir. Kullanıcıların videoların görüntülenme sayısı, yorum sayısı, beğeni sayısına göre yönlenmelerinden ziyade video kaynaklarına odaklanmaları faydalarınadır. Doktorlar YouTube gibi çevrimiçi platformları daha çok kullanıp kaliteli ve güvenilir içerikler yüklemelilerdir.
Principles of Islamic Spirituality Towards Producing Successful Entrepreneurs: Perspective of Tariqah Entrepreneur
Authors: Mohammed Zabidi Ahmad Fakhrurrazi
Published: November 2023

Islamic entrepreneurs are important to inculcate the principles of Islamic spirituality into themselves as well as their business. The life of a Muslim entrepreneur actually requires halal income, blessed profits, security in livelihood, and contribution to the poor. This article focuses on the principles of Islamic spirituality that can be practiced by an entrepreneur to succeed in their business. This article aims to discuss the key requirements in Islamic spirituality and practice for an entrepreneur. It will also discuss the basic relationship of Islamic spirituality with the 3 branches of knowledge (Fiqh, Tawhid, Sufism) for an entrepreneur. This study is a qualitative study that uses content analysis and interview methods for the findings of the study. The results of the study found that the basic principles of spirituality have existed in an entrepreneur whether Tariqah or not, entrepreneurial spiritual practices such as charity, prayer, and remembrance can actually build self -confidence and form a noble character. In addition, it suggests the need for future studies to find the differences between failed and successful entrepreneurs.
Tertib Manhaj Penyelesaian Mukhtalif al-Ḥadīth Menurut al-Marbawi dalam Baḥr al-Mādhī
Authors: Shamsudin Roshimah
Published: November 2023

Penulisan Baḥr al-Mādhī oleh al-Marbawi yang merupakan karya hadith terbesar di alam Melayu telah berupaya mengangkat namanya sebagai tokoh yang memberikan sumbangan besar dalam bidang hadith melalui usaha mensyarahkan hadith-hadith yang terdapat dalam Jāmi‘ al-Tirmidhī. Dalam karya tersebut, al-Marbawi turut mengemukakan perbincangan mengenai penyelesaian terhadap percanggahan secara zahir yang berlaku antara hadith yang diistilahkan sebagai mukhtalif al-ḥadīth. Penulisan karya tersebut walau bagaimanapun mendapat komentar dari sudut penguasaan ilmu beliau dalam bidang hadith. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji manhaj al-Marbawi dalam berinteraksi dengan mukhtalif al-ḥadīth dalam Baḥr al-Mādhī khususnya dari sudut tertib penyelesaiannya. Oleh itu, kajian kualitatif melalui reka bentuk analisis kandungan dijalankan bagi proses pengumpulan dan penganalisisan data. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan urutan tertib manhaj penyelesaian mukhtalif al-ḥadīth yang lazimnya diambil oleh al-Marbawi ialah mendahulukan al-naskh al-ṣarīh, diikuti dengan al-jam‘, al-naskh ghayr al-ṣarīh, al-tarjīḥ dan al-tawaqquf. Urutan ini didapati selaras dengan pendekatan majoriti ulama hadith yang lain. Selain itu, al-Marbawi didapati tidak hanya menukilkan pandangan ulama dalam persoalan yang berkaitan dengan mukhtalif al-ḥadīth, bahkan mengkritik penyelesaian yang tidak mematuhi tertib manhaj, takwilan yang salah dan dakwaan al-naskh. Dengan ini, penemuan kajian dapat memberikan gambaran yang lebih jelas mengenai kewibawaan ilmu al-Marbawi dalam persoalan yang berkaitan dengan mukhtalif al-ḥadīth.
Инокуляция листьев сои суспензией спор грибов Diaporthe eres
Authors:   Амурский филиал ботанического сада-института ДВО РАН, Каботов Е.Э. , Шумилова Л.П.
Published: November 2023

В настоящее время в России недостаточно исследований о вирулентности и потенциальном участии в развитии болезней сои представителей Diaporthe, в частности, D. еres Nitschke. Diaporthe eres не является подтвержденным патогенном для сои, однако существуют работы, в которых комплекс D. еres находят на семенах сои, выделенные изоляты различаются по агрессивности и провоцируют гниение семян [1, 3]. Цель исследований – определить патогенность Diaporthe eres в отношении сои методом искусственной инокуляции листьев суспензией спор. Использовали два штамма грибов рода D. eres из различных генотипических кластеров, изоляты ранее были идентифицированы до вида молекулярными методами [2]. Растения сои сортов Сентябринка и Китросса выращивали в вегетационном домике (АФ БСИ ДВО РАН) в 2022 г. Листья отбирали на стадии R-1 – начало цветения, раскладывали на стерильные чашки Петри с увлажненной фильтровальной бумагой и ватой. В качестве инокулюма использовали суспензию спор грибов, полученную смывом конидий с поверхности 6-недельных грибных колоний, выращенных на среде Чапека. Аликвота инокулюма составляла 50 мкл, концентрация спор ~ 1,7×106 КОЕ/мл. Инокулюм наносили на абаксиальную и адаксиальную стороны листьев. Всего было заражено 65 листьев сои. Для контрольного варианта в качестве инокулюма использовали стерильную воду. Для повторного выделения патогена использовали среду Чапека. В период сбора листьев визуально на растениях симптомов, характерных для поражения грибами рода Diaporthe, отмечено не было. После инокулирования на 10 сутки на листьях были отмечены некротические образования. Размеры некрозов соответствовали форме и диаметру нанесенной капли со спорами и в среднем составляли 0,5 мм. Листья контрольного варианта оставались без изменений и сохраняли свой первоначальный зеленый цвет. Через 7-10 дней на питательной среде из некрозов в 60 % случаев были выделены грибы рода Diaporthe. Такой высокий процент выделения патогена свидетельствует о явном присутствии спор в некротической ткани, что подтверждает возможность использования сои в качестве питательного субстрата. В 10 % случаев D. eres был выделен с участков листовой пластины без некроза, существенных различий от стороны листа для инокулирования, не отмечено. Это подтверждает потенциальную возможность развития патогенна внутри листьев сои. Все случаи выделения Diaporthe были отмечены на листьях сои сорта Сентябринка, что говорит о бóльшей устойчивости сорта Китросса к D. eres. Помимо D. eres, в видовом составе микофлоры листьев были выделены представители Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., Epicoccum sp. и Fusarium sp., характерные для микобиоты листьев сои. Таким образом, Diaporthe eres является потенциальным патогеном для сои, который может активно распространяться естественным путем с помощью капельной влаги. Однако гриб проявляет низкую агрессивность.
Оценка состояния лесосеменной прививочной плантации быстрорастущих форм осины в Костромской области
Authors:   Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева, Чудецкий А.И. , Багаев Е.С. ,   Филиал ФБУ ВНИИЛМ «Центрально-европейская лесная опытная станция»
Published: November 2023

Высокопродуктивные формы осины являются перспективными продуцентами сырья для плантационного лесовыращивания, что приобретает актуальное значение в условиях внедрения инновационных технологий глубокой механической, химической и энергетической переработки древесины. К таким формам осины относятся триплоидные клоны, отобранные академиком А.С. Яблоковым в 1930-х гг. в Костромской области, отличающиеся от типичных диплоидных более высокой продуктивностью, качеством древесины и устойчивостью к стволовой гнили [1]. Для получения семян высокопродуктивных форм осины в Костромском лесничестве Костромской области в мае 1964 г. была заложена лесосеменная прививочная плантация на площади 0,46 га. Группа типов леса – кислично-широкотравная, ТЛУ – С3. Посадочный материал – привитые саженцы триплоидных мужских (№27, №35) и быстрорастущих диплоидных женских (№34, №36) клонов осины, представленных в генетическом резервате исполинской осины (Костромская область). Схема размещения привитых саженцев – 5×5 м, при этом женские маточные деревья чередовались через ряд с мужскими. В течение первых трех лет проводились агротехнические уходы боронованием (БДН-1,8) междурядий, прополкой и рыхлением в приствольных кругах. В год посадки привитые саженцы осины имели высокую приживаемость – до 89%. Привои, взятые с более старых по возрасту деревьев, срастались хуже, чем с молодых. Установлено, что оптимальным сроком прививок является период с конца мая до середины июня. В возрасте 2 лет прививки достигали высоты 2 м и более; наибольший прирост имели клоны №27 и №36. В первые годы привитые саженцы осины в сильной степени повреждались осиновым листоедом. Цветение и плодоношение началось в возрасте 4–5 лет. На 5-й год в фазу цветения вступило 6% привоев, на 6-й – 10%, на 7-й – 14%. Женские деревья и привои, заготовленные с более старых деревьев, начали плодоносить раньше [1]. К 44-летнему возрасту сохранность хозяйственно ценных форм осины снизилась до 39%. Наиболее интенсивным ростом отличались триплоидные клоны (№27, №35), которые превосходили средние значения по высоте на плантации на 10–15%. В возрасте 58 лет насаждение лесосеменной плантации имело следующие таксационные показатели: класс бонитета – Iа; полнота – 0,5; средняя высота – 28 м; средний диаметр на высоте 1,3 м – 34 см; запас – 248 м3/га; густота – 246 шт./га. Деревья быстрорастущих клонов осины на плантации имели следующие средние биометрические показатели: общая высота – 29,4 м; диаметр на высоте 1,3 м – 37,0; диаметр кроны 13,4; протяженность зоны ствола с живыми сучьями – 17,3 м, без сучьев – 2,9 м. Проведенные исследования показали, что представленные на плантации триплоидные клоны осины №27 и №35 сохраняют быстрый рост и развитие на протяжении всего периода наблюдений и являются целевыми для закладки лесосырьевых плантаций.
News Media Monitoring Capabilities in 14 European Countries: Problems and Best Practices
Authors: Harro-Loit Halliki , Eberwein Tobias
Published: November 2023

Social acceleration has been a catalyst for rapid changes concerning the mediascapes of European societies. Democratic societies need deliberation, but what kinds of journalism and communication cultures are supported by different stakeholders and structural possibilities? The aim of this article is to conceptualise and analyse the risks and opportunities concerning the monitoring capabilities in key domains of the media field. This includes the performance and normative regulation of news media (journalism) as well as media usage patterns and competencies of different actors, all of which influence the quality of deliberative communication across cultures. The monitoring potential is related to various stakeholders who gather data and information on media and media usage, transform the information into knowledge, and use this knowledge to create evidence-based media policy. What interests and values are served by which stakeholders and how does this actual monitoring serve the media policy in different European countries? What is the role and resources of media researchers? These questions are answered with the help of an extensive literature review and a synoptic analysis of the monitoring capabilities of 14 European countries, based on original case studies. The article will, thus, broaden the conceptual understanding of risks and opportunities for deliberative communication in democratic societies—and at the same time offer an initial inventory of typical problems and best practices for monitoring deliberative communication across Europe.
COMPREHENSIVENESS OF ENSURING ACCESS TO JUSTICE WHEN USING ONLINE PLATFORMS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Dziadevych Volodymyr
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this article is to explore the comprehensiveness of ensuring access to justice when using online platforms. To achieve the purpose of the study, the author identifies the main elements of online platforms, defines modern concepts of the components of access to justice, and assesses the transformation of established approaches to determining access to justice in e-justice. Prospects for the development of electronic justice and its impact on social relations and scientific doctrine are identified. The author identifies the national prerequisites for the need to introduce online platforms in certain countries. The author outlines some of the problems which may arise in connection with the development of electronic justice. In the course of the study, the author used a number of general scientific and special methods of cognition, such as analysis, synthesis, dialectical, formal and logical. A review of case studies and the experience of foreign countries was carried out, and a gradation of generations (forms) of electronic justice was proposed. The author analyzes the regulatory framework of the European Union legislation. The best foreign practices of implementing online platforms are identified and described. The requirements for the functional content of online platforms are analyzed. The results of the study show that access to justice through the use of online platforms is an urgent problem, and there is a growing need to adapt the established doctrine and further develop e-justice systems. In conclusion, the study allowed to identified the main components of online platforms that will ensure access to justice, outlined the main shortcomings of the existing e-justice system and how it relates to and actually ensures access to justice, and identified the best foreign examples of the implementation of these systems. The conclusions of the study also indicate the need for further development and discussion of the above issues.
Diagnostics of the level of cognitive development in determining the readiness for vocational training of young people with mental disorders
Authors: Avakyan T.V. , Konstantinova I.S.
Published: November 2023

Objectives. In connection with the reform of the system of mental health, the system of residential institutions for psychiatric patients (PRI) and the development of assisted living, the relevance of the socialization of people with mental disorders has increased. An inclusive approach also implies their inclusion in work activities, the creation of opportunities and the organization of support for successful integration into the work environment.

Methods. The results of a pilot study of the level of intelligence and the severity of the need for support in young adults with mental disorders are presented. The study involved respondents aged 19 to 42 years (N=20; 9 men, 11 women) with mental disabilities who are being trained in primary professional skills with the aim of possible integration into work activities in the future. We used the standardized “WAIS” (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) and a specially developed “Questionnaire for assessing the degree of independence of persons with mental disorders and the support they need”.

Results. The study of intelligence revealed a wide range of results — from normative indicators to moderate mental retardation. The need for some degree of support is experienced by everyone, including those who do not have intellectual disabilities. Respondents with lower levels of verbal intelligence show more significant difficulties in autonomy, respectively, they need for more intensive social support.

Conclusions. The assessment of the possibility of independent living and mastering professional skills should not be based only on the level of intellectual development. A comprehensive assessment should include the ability for social cognition, communication skills, daily living and social skills. However, lower levels of verbal intelligence determine a greater need for accompaniment, help and support. In future work, it is intended to expand the sample of study individuals by adding comparison groups.
Opioid, cannabinoid, cocaine, and methamphetamine epidemics: History, risk factors associated with them, and characteristics of drug action
Authors: Urakov Aleksandr L. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: November 2023

In the last century, mankind has made significant progress in the search and study of new pain-relieving drugs through the targeted synthesis of chemical analogs of natural opioids, cannabinoids, cocaine, and amphetamines. Experience with the medical use of new synthetic opioids, cannabinoids, and amphetamines has shown not only their high analgesic efficacy but also their high danger because of the risks of drug dependence and addiction, which have caused drug epidemics. The paper described the history of relevant drug epidemics, and the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the most dangerous drugs, as well as the risks associated with drug epidemics, were outlined. Specifically, the risk of drug dependence to opioids, cannabinoids, amphetamine, and cocaine was not recognized until too late. Therefore, the drug crisis was initially largely iatrogenic. In recent decades, controls on the prescription of narcotic drugs have tightened; thus, drug addiction as iatrogeny occurs less frequently. However, criminal elements of society have established clandestine production of drugs and their realization in the youth and LGBT community disguising as new, fashionable designer drugs and devices for their use. Moreover, new synthetic drugs differ from natural drugs in their stronger psychostimulant effects, ability to cause addiction after the first use, and high risk of fatal poisoning. Thus far, no drugs were the treatment of opioid, cannabinoid, amphetamine, and cocaine abuse. However, the development of specific vaccines for these drugs has begun in recent years. Active immunization of drug abusers with specially created vaccines is expected to assist doctors in treating drug abusers in the future.
Development of building microclimatic systems by traditional and modern automated methods
Authors: Zharov Anton A. , Garanov Sergey A. , Kasatkin Alexey V.
Published: November 2023

Automated packages for calculations of the engineering systems of buildings, which accelerate the design process and solve complex engineering problems, have been increasing recently. Therefore, comparing traditional methods of calculation and design of microclimatic systems using manual methods with those that use mathematical modeling in known modern packages is important. This comparison is especially relevant for the space industry, which is intended to be advanced. The paper considers the architectural package Autodesk Revit and the cycle calculation package Aspen HYSYS. A calculation model of the building was created in accordance with the drawings, and heat gains and losses were calculated. Manual calculation and comparison were then performed. A pneumohydraulic scheme was illustrated and calculated manually using the calculation package. The discrepancy in the results was evaluated. Results revealed that the use of Revit and HYSYS mathematical modeling systems is promising. Thus, considering the real possibilities of the designed engineering systems of specific buildings and structures, calculations in the automated package Aspen HYSYS agree well with traditional methods of manual calculations, and those in the architectural package Autodesk Revit should be adjusted.
On Magnitudes and Inferred Yields of the 39 Underground Nuclear Test Explosions at the Novaya Zemlya Test Site
Authors: Ekström Göran , Lopez Luna Jocely , Richards Paul G.
Published: November 2023

We review the previously compiled seismic magnitudes for underground nuclear explosions at the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics Novaya Zemlya Test Site, and analyze these data in the context of published details about individual tests and official Russian reports of annual cumulative explosive energy release at the test site. We derive relationships between teleseismic body wave magnitude mb and explosive yield Y by predicting the yield of each test using mb and minimizing the difference between predicted and reported annual cumulative yield. A linear relationship between mb and logY with a slope of 0.82 provides a good fit to the annual total yield, with a root mean square (rms) misfit of 0.095 logY units. A spectral magnitude relationship based on the explosion source model of Mueller and Murphy (1971) with a single-free-parameter provides a slightly better fit. For the 10 tests for which individual yields can be directly deduced from the official reports, the rms misfit of reported yields is less than 0.1 logY units or about 25%. More complex relationships that differentiate between the northern and southern test areas, or take account of variations in the scaled depth of burial, do not provide substantially better fits to the reported yields.
Source Scaling and Ground-Motion Variability along the East Anatolian Fault
Authors: Bindi Dino , Zaccarelli Riccardo , Cotton Fabrice , Weatherill Graeme , Reddy Kotha Sreeram
Published: November 2023

We investigate the source scaling and ground-motion variability of 1585 earthquakes with Mw>3 occurring along the East Anatolian fault since 2010. We compile a dataset of 17,691 Fourier amplitude spectra of S waves recorded by 186 stations. A spectral decomposition is applied to isolate the source contribution from propagation and site effects. Source spectra are fit with Brune’s model to estimate seismic moment and corner frequency and to compute the stress drop Δσ. The 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles of the Δσ distribution are 0.18, 0.51, and 1.69 MPa, respectively, and the average Δσ increases with earthquake magnitude. For the two mainshocks of the 2023 sequence, the estimated Δσ is about 13 MPa, significantly larger than the Δσ of the smaller events. At intermediate and high frequencies, the interevent residuals are correlated with Δσ. When recorded peak ground accelerations and velocities for Mw<6 are compared with the predictions from ground-motion models proposed in the literature, the negative value of the average interevent residuals is consistent with low values of Δσ. Contrariwise, the average residuals for the peak parameter of the Mw 7.8 and 7.5 mainshocks of the 2023 sequence are almost zero, but with distance dependencies.
The Effects of Cyberloafing on Organizational Commitment: The Role of Emotional Exhaustion and Job Overload
Authors: Muafi Muafi
Published: November 2023

Technological developments and the increasing use of smartphones have significantly changed individual behavior in organizations. This era has created cyberloafing behavior at work. This study explores the antecedents and determinants of cyberloafing behavior by examining the role of emotional exhaustion and job overload and their effect on organizational commitment. The respondents of this study were 300 star-rated hotel employees in the Province of Special Region of Yogyakarta selected by purposive sampling. The data collected by distributing questionnaires were then processed using the Structural Equation Modelling method using Smart PLS. The results showed that emotional exhaustion increased employee cyberloafing behavior, while job overload decreased cyberloafing behavior. Cyberloafing was also found to hurt organizational commitment. Finally, cyberloafing was proven to mediate the effect of emotional exhaustion and job overload on organizational commitment. In conclusion, these findings suggest that creating a healthy and attractive work environment balanced with the right allocation of tasks will likely lead to reduced cyberloafing.
Working towards wellbeing rests on whanaungatanga and partnerships
Authors: Boyd Sally , Bright Nicola
Published: November 2023

The education system is in a period of significant change. Wellbeing is an increasing priority as schools reintegrate students after COVID-19 lockdowns and climate-related disasters. A large-scale curriculum refresh programme and the implementation of a new Aotearoa New Zealand histories curriculum are underway. These changes are encouraging schools to expand their focus on culture, identity, and mātauranga Māori within the curriculum. This article shares insights from a study of six primary schools with high wellbeing for Māori and non-Māori students. We examine how these schools undertook a change journey to better support the wellbeing, belonging, and identity of students, and, in particular, tamariki Māori. We also consider the implications for other schools undertaking similar journeys.
The ENPP1 K121Q polymorphism is associated with obesity-related parameters in Iranian normoglycemic male subjects
Authors: Saberi Hamzeh , Taheripak Gholamreza , Meshkani Reza
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The K121Q polymorphism of the Ectoenzyme Nucleotide Pyrophosphate Phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) gene has been variably associated with obesity in several populations. However, this association has not been studied in Iranian subjects. It was hypothesized that the K121Q variant might be associated with obesity and related risk factors in subjects with normal glucose tolerance and normal fasting glucose.
Methods: The K121Q genotypes were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 377 non-diabetic subjects.
Results: In males, the frequency of the Q allele was 20.8% and 15.9% (p=0.269) in obese and non-obese subjects, respectively. The ENPP1 genotype (KQ+QQ) was not associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, HOMA-IR, or insulin levels in both genders. Male carriers of the KQ+QQ genotype had significantly higher values for BMI (p=0.079), waist (p=0.01), and WHR (p=0.006) than subjects with the KK genotype. Obesity-related parameters were not significantly different between obese and non-obese female subjects.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the ENPP1 121Q allele might be associated with obesity and related parameters only among Iranian normoglycemic male subjects.
Association between Steroid Hormones and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Taghizadeh Nima , Mohammadi Soha , Saeedi Vahid , Haghighi Ladan , Nourbakhsh Mona , Nourbakhsh Mitra , Razzaghy Azar Maryam
Published: November 2023

Objectives: Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) are more prone to adverse outcomes, including hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. This study examined the potential link between abnormal steroid hormone levels and insulin resistance (IR) in reproductive-aged women with PCOS.
Methods: This study involved 61 participants: a case group of 33 patients with confirmed PCOS based on Rotterdam criteria and a control group of 28 healthy individuals without PCOS. Steroid hormone levels, IR indices, metabolic markers, and demographic characteristics of participants were measured.
Results: The results showed significant differences in testosterone (P=0.018), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (P=0.009), and androstenedione (P=0.002) levels between the two groups. Insulin levels and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in the patients (P=0.034 and 0.025, respectively). Significant correlations were found between androstenedione and insulin (P=0.021), fasting blood sugar, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels (P=0.001), as well as between DHT level and IR indices (P=0.03). Additionally, patients with PCOS had higher diastolic blood pressure and lower levels of T4.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed higher androgen levels in PCOS patients and a significant correlation between DHT and androstenedione levels with IR indices in PCOS patients, which establishes a remarkable connection between hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance in PCOS.
Autophagy protects peripheral blood mononuclear cells from high glucose-induced inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Jahangard Roya , Ebrahimi Shadi Sadat Seyyed , Vatannejad Akram , Meshkani Reza
Published: November 2023

Previous works have linked high concentrations of glucose to cellular toxicity through autophagy modulation. However, the ways in which high glucose (HG) regulates inflammation and apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have not been well characterized. In the present study, the role of autophagy in inflammatory responses and apoptotic death of PBMCs exposed to HG was investigated. 33mM glucose (HG) increased the level of LC3-II at 12h, 24h, and 48h. NH4Cl, a lysosome inhibitor that can block autophagic flux, further promoted LC3-II accumulation in HGtreated cells at 12h, 24h, and 48h. The protein level of p62 significantly decreased from 12h to 48h in HG-treated cells, suggesting an induction of autophagic flux in HG-treated PBMCs. Inhibiting autophagy with chloroquine (CQ) significantly augmented HGinduced PBMCs apoptotic death, as demonstrated by increased cleaved PARP and Cyt C levels and an increased percentage of apoptotic (YO-PRO-1 positive and PI negative) cells. Furthermore, CQ pretreatment exacerbated HG-induced TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β mRNA expression in PBMCs. In conclusion, this data revealed that the autophagy system could be activated in HG-treated PBMCs. The results also indicated that the induction of autophagy might play an adaptive and protective role in HG-induced inflammation and apoptotic death of PBMCs.
Construção de um modelo de plano de parto a partir da percepção das gestantes
Authors: Costa Nara dos Santos , Freitas Efigênia Aparecida Maciel de , Machado Ana Rita Marinho , Cintra Ferreira Andressa , Bracarense Carolina Feliciana , Simões Ana Lúcia de Assis
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: compreender a construção de um plano de parto a partir da percepção das gestantes. Método: estudo de abordagem qualitativa realizado de julho a setembro de 2020, com gestantes a partir de recrutamento por grupo especifico de Whatsapp, composto por gestantes, mães e profissionais de saúde. Utilizou-se um roteiro e entrevista no modo online. Os discursos foram analisados através do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: participaram 50 gestantes, com média de idade de 29 anos, 58% casadas, e 76% com nível superior. Levantou-se o discurso: Plano de Parto: itens revelados pelas mulheres - Episiotomia, Kristeller, Liberdade de posição e movimento, Analgesia, Contato pele a pele e aleitamento materno na primeira hora de vida do recém-nascido e Clampeamento oportuno do cordão umbilical, Direito ao acompanhante, Toque vaginal, Indução de parto. Conclusão: percebeu-se conhecimento sobre a temática pelas características do público pesquisado, direcionando a construção do plano de parto, com os acréscimo dos itens: banho precoce, prevenção de oftalmia neonatal, desejo de comer. Defende-se o plano de parto como possibilidade de assistência individualizada e humanizada, com informações e orientações acerca dos direitos das gestantes, e dentro de seus anseios.