bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Education and Its Changing Concepts and Scenario for New Age Teaching and Learning Models
Authors: Paul Prantosh Kumar
Published: April 2024

Information technology and allied computing components have drastically changed the entire education systems supported by various information technology sub-areas and components such as like technologies related to software, technologies related to database, technologies related to multimedia, technologies related to networking, etc. the advancement of IT in educational systems brings newer platforms such as online education, e-learning, digital education, etc. Different kind of educational models also reasons of developing various educational teaching and learning process mechanism. Digital education as a concept and technologically supported area is emerging quickly as it offer several benefits over traditional face to face education. This chapter illustrates various aspects of Digital Education such as features and advantages including stakeholders. Further, the work highlights the emerging technologies in education, i.e. role digital education. Moreover, the work also highlights about the existing future potentialities in digital education systems.
Digital Transition and Transformation of Higher Education in Bangladesh
Authors: Shohel M. Mahruf C. , Ashrafuzzaman Md. , Sofin Mahbub Rahman , Mitu Sumaya Rahman , Rubayet Tasnia
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic had a transforming impact on practices in every sector across the globe. During the lockdown, higher education in Bangladesh went through a transition and transformation in formulating policy and practice. This book chapter explores the higher education landscape of Bangladesh to understand socio-cultural and historical impacts on decision-making and practice despite the substantial academic losses incurred for many students due to delay in decision-making and choosing the alternative. When the COVID-19 pandemic struck, initial expectations within the government and educational bodies leaned towards its temporary nature. However, as the pandemic persisted, private higher educational institutions were compelled to pivot to emergency remote teaching and learning methods, placing significant pressure on public universities to follow suit. Eventually, the government endorsed the continuation of higher education activities, albeit initially without assessment permissions. This chapter presents the challenges, lessons learned, and the transformation of higher education in Bangladesh during this emergency, shedding light on the digital transition and transformation that took place in response to the unforeseen educational challenges and changed people's views about digital teaching, learning and assessment.
Fostering Engagement and Community in Online Higher Education Programs to Combat Social Isolation
Authors: Clarey Elizabeth Loring
Published: April 2024

Throughout the world, people are becoming increasingly isolated from each other, resulting in serious mental and physical health consequences. The increased role of technology in our lives and the COVID pandemic have exacerbated this trend. The pandemic forced most educational institutions online, resulting in a massive experiment on remote learning. Post-pandemic, many institutions have kept online programs in part or full. Though these programs have become effective modes of learning, students can feel isolated from lecturers and peers. This chapter argues that there are many ways that online program designers and lecturers can improve engagement among students to build a learning community and decrease isolation. Module structure, carefully planned learning activities, relationship building, support services, and increased cultural capacity can transform online learning from a solitary experience into a diverse and rich communal one, which can have profound effects on both learning and health outcomes.
Towards Addressing 21st-Century Digital Transformation Skills
Authors: Chasokela Doris , Mpofu Sibongile
Published: April 2024

This chapter examines the challenges faced by students in the twenty-first century with a specific focus on Zimbabwean universities. It explores the changing landscape of education and the skills required for success in the digital age. The chapter highlights the need for a new approach to learning and teaching that incorporates the use of technology and fosters critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration. It also discusses the role of culture and society in shaping students' skill development and proposes strategies for addressing skill gaps.
Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis; a rare type of mesomelic short stature in a Sri Lankan family
Authors: Kamalanathan P. , Fernando M. , Perera G. , Anuradha P. , Fernando A.
Published: April 2024

No abstract available
An online messaging platform for learning ‘Wound Management’: A novel method of continuous professional education
Authors: Chandrasiri Amila , Karunadasa Eranda , De Silva Ruchira , Somarathna Konara  Mudiyanselage , Aththanayake Pradeep , Ruwanga Amali , Iresha Nadini
Published: April 2024

No abstract available
An Investigation of the Impact of Spatiotemporal Changes of Land Use and Land Cover and Land Surface Temperature Using RS Techniques for Selected Cities in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijesinghe W. M. D. C. , Amaraweera P. H.
Published: April 2024

Changes in land use and land cover (LULC) have an impact on land surface temperature (LST) locally, regionally, and globally. This research focused on the spatiotemporal dynamics of LULC and LST between 2000 and 2021 at six selected meteorological stations, belonging to the different climatic zones of Sri Lanka. The LULC were classified from Landsat ETM+ and OLI/TIRS data using the maximum likelihood classification approach, while LST was retrieved using the thermal band of both Landsat images. Resultsreveal that the built-up areas have increased in all selected locations and bare land, vegetation cover, and agricultural land have all declined in the last 20 years. In Galle and Batticaloa areas, built-up areas have grown significantly by 11.9% and 11.14% respectively, by 2021. The thermal environment spatiotemporal alterations were consistent with the urbanization trend. Since many other land use types have been converted into urban areas, the average LST in Vavuniya, Anuradhapura, Batticaloa, and Galle has been rising steadily. This showed that increasing built-up area density has played a significant role in raising LST in the study areas. The vegetation cover, agricultural land, and water bodies showed the least LST change. By examining the correlation analysis between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and LST, a somewhat positive relationship was revealed only in the areas of Galle, Batticaloa, and Hambantota. Nevertheless, the findings of this study will serve as a helpful benchmark for future landscape and urban design initiatives aimed at reducing the detrimental effects of LST on urban sustainability.
ReDIP, the Italian network for the diagnosis of congenital platelet function disorders
Authors: Cattaneo Marco , Ghali Claudia , Scavone Mariangela
Published: April 2024

Congenital platelet function disorders (cPFD) are associated with an increased risk of mucocutaneous bleeding of various levels of severity; they may be classified based on abnormalities of platelet components that share common characteristics: i) platelet receptors for adhesive proteins; ii) platelet receptors for soluble agonists; iii) platelet granules; iv) signal transduction pathways; v) procoagulant phospholipids; less well characterized PFD aregrouped in a sixth category of miscellaneous abnormalities [...].
Report and Abstracts of the 20th Meeting of IIM, the Interuniversity Institute of Myology: Assisi, October 12-15, 2023
Authors: Riuzzi Francesca , Mocciaro Emanuele
Published: April 2024

The 2023 represented a milestone for the Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM) since it marked twenty years of IIM activity joined with the 20th annual meeting organized by the association. The 20th IIM meeting took place in the fascinating town of Assisi, in the heart of central Italy, from 12 to 15 October. The commemorative 20th edition of the meeting represented a success in terms of participation and contributions as it brought together 160 myologists, clinicians, pharmaceutical companies, and patient organization representatives from Italy, several European countries (especially France), the United Kingdom, Brazil, and the USA. Four main scientific sessions hosted 36 oral communications and 54 always-on-display posters reporting original and unpublished results. Four main lectures from internationally renowned invited speakers and talks from delegates of the Societé Française de Myologie gave particular interest and emphasis to the scientific discussion. In line with the traditional policy of the IIM to encourage the participation of young researchers, about 50% of the attendees were under 35 years old. Moreover, the 20th IIM meeting was part of the high-training course in “Advanced Myology Update 2023”, reserved to young trainees and managed by the University of Perugia (Italy) in collaboration with the IIM. In addition to the meeting scientific sessions, the 29 attendees to the course had a dedicated round table and dedicated lessons with the IIM invited speakers as teachers. Awards for the best talk, best poster blitz, and best poster have been conferred to young attendees, who became part of the IIM Young Committee, involved in the scientific organization of the IIM meetings. To celebrate the 20th IIM anniversary, a special free-access educational convention on “Causes and mechanisms of muscle atrophy. From terrestrial disuse to Space flights” has been organized, in which IIM experts in the field have illustrated the current knowledge about the muscle atrophy process in several atrophying conditions, and the former Italian astronaut, Paolo Nespoli shared his incredible experience in Space fascinating the large audience attending both in presence and online live stream. The meeting was characterized by a vibrant, friendly, and inclusive atmosphere, and stimulated discussion on emerging areas of muscle research, fostering international collaborations, and confirming the IIM meeting as an ideal venue to discuss around muscle development, function, and diseases pointing to the development of efficacious therapeutic strategies. Here, the abstracts of the meeting illustrate the most recent results on basic, translational, and clinical research in the myology field. Some abstracts are missing as per authors’ decision due to the patentability of the results.
Frequency-doubled neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser trabeculoplasty as adjuvant therapy for open-angle glaucomas
Authors: Nadeem Sana
Published: April 2024

The thermal frequency-doubled Nd:YAG (neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet) laser was used sparingly for trabeculoplasty. Our goal was to assess the efficacy and safety of frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser trabeculoplasty as an adjunct therapy to anti-glaucoma medications in open-angle glaucoma. Laser trabeculoplasty was performed on 41 eyes of 22 adults with open-angle glaucomas using a thermal frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser (Green laser photocoagulator GYC-500® 532 nm, Nidek, Japan). To assess the laser’s effectiveness, patients were monitored for intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, control, and complications at 1 hour, 1 week, and then monthly for a year. Primary open-angle glaucoma was the most common diagnosis in 31 (75.6%) eyes. The pre-laser baseline IOP was 18.87±3.66 mmHg. The mean IOP was 14.9±2.54 mmHg at Week 1 (p = 0.000), 14.65±2.50 mmHg at Month 1, 14.53±2.60 mmHg at Month 3, 15.85±2.30 mmHg at Month 6, and 15.14±2.17 mmHg at Month 12 (p=0.000). A significant percentage reduction in IOP was achieved at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months: 21.78%, 22.48%, 16.73%, and 18.53%, respectively. Patients used an average of 2.73±1.00 topical drugs before laser treatment. There was a significant reduction in medicines after laser treatment on all occasions, at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months (p = 0.000). Complications included some degree of peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) in 20 (51.3%) eyes; an IOP spike in one patient only, bilaterally (5.1%) at 1 hour after therapy; and mild anterior uveitis in four (9.75%) cases. To summarize, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser trabeculoplasty is a safe and effective adjuvant therapy for open-angle glaucoma that reduces intraocular pressure and medication use.
First record of cannibalism by an adult on a chick in the Purple Heron
Authors: Simbula Sergio , Agostini Nicolantonio
Published: April 2024

This short note reports the first documented case of cannibalism in the Purple Heron performed by an adult bird.
Habitat selection and hatching success of the Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos in Italy
Authors: Valle Roberto G.
Published: April 2024

Data were collected on the breeding biology of Common Sandpipers (Actitis hypoleucos) nesting in the middle course of Brenta River (NE Italy) in 1997. Birds occupied the territories from the end of March and laying mainly occurred in the second and third decade of April. Nests were found on sandy gravel beds, in the immediate vicinity of running water. Hatching success was low (58%), mostly due to predation by mammals. Human disturbance by sun-bathers dramatically restricts the areas suitable for breeding and therefore requires protection measures.
Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for complex cataracts – A review
Authors: Chen David Z , Chee Soon-Phaik
Published: April 2024

Since its inception in 2009, femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) has become an alternative to conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery (CPCS). Clinical studies were unable to demonstrate superior visual outcomes, but revealed reduced endothelial cell loss. More recently, the cost-effectiveness of FLACS over CPCS in routine cataract surgeries has been challenged. However, the unique abilities of FLACS to customize anterior capsulotomies precisely, soften and fragment the nucleus without capsular bag stress, and create corneal incisions may have special utility in complex cataract and less-common scenarios. In this article, we review the unique role of FLACS in complex cataract surgeries and how it could play a role to improve the safety and predictability of nonroutine cataract surgery.
Quality of patient-oriented online information on treatment of dementia: A comparative assessment of web pages in English and Hindi language
Authors: Das Subhash , Singh Swarndeep , Kaur Gurneet , Sharma Sanya
Published: April 2024

Background:

Management of dementia involves a multidisciplinary approach which also requires active participation from family members and caregivers. Thus, having easy access to information about dementia care is pertinent. Internet-based information is an emerging method for the same.

Aim:

To perform a comparative assessment of patient-oriented online information available on treatment of dementia over web pages in English and Hindi language.

Methods:

Observational study was conducted online through a general internet search engine (www.google.com). Web pages containing patient-oriented online information on treatment of dementia in English and Hindi were reviewed to assess their content and quality, esthetics, and interactivity. Appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.

Results:

A total of 70 web pages met the eligibility criteria. Content quality assessed using the DISCERN score was significantly higher for English web pages compared to Hindi web pages (P< 0.01). About 72.4% (21/29) of English and only 9.8% (4/41) of Hindi web pages had a total DISCERN score of 40 or above, indicating good quality. For esthetics, the median score for English pages was significantly higher than for Hindi web pages (P< 0.01). The web pages with Health On Net (HON) certification had significantly better content quality.

Conclusion:

Our study revealed a scarcity of good quality online information about dementia and its treatment, especially in the Hindi language. English language websites showed better content quality than Hindi websites. HON Code label might be used as an indicator of better content quality for online resources informing on dementia treatment by lay people.
The sociodemographic profile and the challenges associated with treatment and rehabilitation in female heroin users: A case series from Northeast India
Authors: Roy Srijani , Mukherjee Diptadhi , Mahintamani Tathagata , Daimary Partha Pratim , Dutta Hemanta
Published: April 2024

Females with opioid use disorder (OUD) rarely seek help for addiction. We present a series of seven females with OUD attending a tertiary care addiction treatment setting in Assam between December 2022 to August 2023. Most of the patients were primary-educated, young adults, housewives, from lower to middle socioeconomic strata, and were residents of rural or semi-urban areas. All were married, and around half of them were separated. All the patients were dependent on heroin and tobacco. Five of them initiated heroin use while modeling their spouse. Three patients were injecting heroin, and one was seropositive with both HCV and HIV. Five patients received sublingual buprenorphine-naloxone, and three of them followed up subsequently. Financial difficulty, poor family support, and intimate partner violence were major challenges for treatment-seeking and regular follow-up. This case series highlights the need for systematic study and gender-responsive care of females with OUD in Assam.
Female sexual dysfunction—knowledge, attitude, practices, and barriers encountered by medical fraternity across the country: A web-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Kaundal Asmita , Renjhen Prachi , Kumari Rajeshwari , Jha Ravi P. , Marwaha Poojan D. , Kaur Harpreet , Kaushal Sushruti , Malik Nisha , Gupta Jyoti
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Sexual dysfunction in women is common yet often remains underdiagnosed due to the lack of adequate training and experience of the doctors to manage female sexual dysfunctions. This study was done to assess the knowledge and attitude of medical professionals toward female sexual dysfunction and the various practices and barriers they encounter while managing women with sexual dysfunction.

Materials and Methods:

A web-based cross-sectional study was done using the snowball sampling method. A well-structured, self-administered, and pre-validated questionnaire containing 27 items was administered through social media. Data was collected and evaluated to assess their knowledge, practices they follow, and barriers encountered while managing female sexual dysfunction.

Results:

A total of 513 doctors participated in the study. Out of all, only 11.1% of the doctors were often seeing patients with sexual dysfunction. Loss of desire (44%), painful intercourse (33%), lack of lubrication (18%), and anorgasmia (5%) are common symptoms with which women present. The majority of doctors (78.9%) were comfortable in starting a conversation, over half (52.6%) were confident in making a diagnosis, and 51.3% were confident in providing sexual counseling. Yet, only 11.1% were routinely screening women for sexual dysfunctions, and 33.8% were providing counseling regarding sexual issues. Lack of time (31.6%), lack of adequate training (57.3%), unavailability of effective treatment (11.9%), patient discomfort (60.62%), and patient’s reluctance to seek treatment (15.8%) were the barriers encountered by doctors. When assessed for knowledge, around 30.9% had excellent knowledge (≥75th percentile) about female sexual dysfunction.

Conclusion:

Sexual dysfunction among women is an important health issue that significantly affects the social, mental, and physical well-being of those suffering from it. Screening for sexual dysfunction should be done routinely in day-to-day clinical practice to improve the overall quality of life of a couple.
Globalization: Embracing global citizenship and the right to migrate
Authors: Bhattacharya Sudip
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

This comprehensive commentary explores various facets of globalization, including the right to migrate, cultural dimensions, power dynamics in shaping global narratives, the impact of globalization on health, and the roles of international institutions and multinational corporations. It delves into the socioeconomic implications of migration, emphasizing the ethical considerations surrounding globalization and the responsibilities of affluent nations. Examples such as the Fair Trade movement, global collaboration in health care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and the influence of power dynamics on cultural narratives provide a nuanced understanding. The commentary underscores the need for international collaboration, ethical business practices, and responsible investment to address global challenges. By examining these dimensions, the analysis contributes to a holistic understanding of the complexities associated with globalization, emphasizing the importance of balanced and inclusive approaches. This commentary is in response to an editorial published in this journal titled “Globalization through global citizenship and right to migrate.”
Cyproheptadine in serotonin syndrome: A retrospective study
Authors: Prakash Sanjay , Patel Harsh , Kumar Sunil , Shah Chetsi S.
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

Serotonin syndrome (SS) is an iatrogenic life-threatening condition caused by serotonergic agents. The treatment for SS involves the administration of a serotonin antagonist (cyproheptadine). However, the dosing schedule for cyproheptadine is not uniform in the literature.

Methods:

We retrospectively evaluated 23 adult patients (>18 years) admitted to the Neurology Department and met the Hunter criteria for SS.

Results:

The mean age was 35.2 years, and 52% were female. Ten patients were managed in the intensive care unit (ICU), whereas thirteen patients were admitted to the ward. Hyperreflexia was the most common clinical feature (100%), followed by clonus (91%), tachycardia (83%), and tremor (83%). Other common clinical features were rigidity (65%), increased bowel sound (61%), diaphoresis (48%), fever (43%), hypertension (39%), and myoclonus (30%). All but one patient received two or more serotonergic drugs. Tramadol was the most common serotonergic agent (39%), followed by sodium valproate (21%), and amitriptyline (21%). Cyproheptadine was administered to all patients. All patients admitted in the ICU received a loading dose of 12 mg followed by 2 mg every 2 h for at least 24 h. All patients admitted to the ward were given 4 mg of cyproheptadine three times each day. Every patient showed at least some response to cyproheptadine within 24 h. The total doses of cyproheptadine and the length of treatment differed between patients.

Conclusion:

Any response to cyproheptadine at a therapeutic dose within 24 h, even a partial one, could be a diagnostic indicator of the existence of SS.
Mucormycosis and coronavirus disease 2019: Risk factors, clinical presentation and outcome in a tertiary care centre in North India – What have we learned
Authors: Ansari Ahmad Ghayas , Nasar Ariba , Ashraf Hamid , Mehdi Husaini Syed Haider
Published: April 2024

Aim:

The aim of this study is to determine clinical presentation, risk factors and outcome in patients with mucormycosis and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Introduction:

A wide range of opportunistic infections have been described in patients with COVID-19. Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis has been increasingly described in patients with COVID-19 disease, but the risk factors and outcomes of such patients are not well described.

Materials and Methods:

This observational study was conducted in Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh, from 1st May 2021 to 31st August 2021 in 50 patients diagnosed with mucormycosis. Clinical features and risk factors were determined and were correlated with the outcome.

Results:

Out of the 50 patients under study, male patients outnumbered female patients and 64% of patients were above 40 years of age. The mean delay before admission was 18 ± 16.9 days. Eighty-six percent of patients were discharged satisfactorily and 14% of patients expired. Eighty-two percent of patients had COVID-19 disease. Diabetes mellitus was present in 84% of the patients and 66% of patients had HbA1C levels above 7. Paranasal sinus involvement was the most common presenting feature (62%). On analysing the factors associated with mortality, serum creatinine (P = 0.001), total leucocyte count (TLC) (P < 0.001) and intracranial involvement of mucormycosis (P = 0.02) showed a statistically significant association. However, only TLC showed a significant association when multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent significant risk factors for mortality (P = 0.023 odds ratio 1.28 confidence interval 1.035–1.593).

Conclusion:

Mucormycosis adds to the increasing morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19 and with early diagnosis and prompt treatment associated with better prognosis.
Quality of life after functional endoscopic sinus surgery for diffuse sinonasal polyposis
Authors: Elesawy Hadeer O B , Ebeid Kamal A H , Aglan Yasser I , Gamea Ahmed M M
Published: April 2024

Background

According to recent research, people with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis may have considerable limits in their ability to engage in social, emotional, and physical activities.

Aim

This study’s major goal was to gauge how patients’ quality of life was affected by functional endoscopic sinus surgeries.

Patients and methods

Our prospective study included 30 patients (≥18 years) resistant to medical treatment for 6 months who underwent endoscopic surgery. Lund–Mackay score was done preoperatively. Endoscopic score was done for all patients, and they were asked to rate their symptoms using sinonasal outcome test 22 and rhinosinusitis disability index before surgery and 3, 6, and 12 months following the operation.

Results

At 3 months following the surgery, the test and the index revealed significant improvement of 93 and 55%, respectively, and then the percentage of improvement decreased to 31% for the test and 36% for the index at 12 months postoperatively. Preoperative Lund–Mackay scores were significantly high. Endoscopic scores showed marked improvement, with 82% reduction at 3 months postoperatively, but the reduction percentage deteriorated to 31% at 12 months, indicating relapse. Overall, 30% of patients experienced recurrence between six and 12 months of postoperative follow-up; 33% of them gave history of aspirin intolerance, 33% were asthmatics, and 22% were smokers.

Conclusion

There is evidence that endoscopic surgery may help individuals with nasal polyps achieve better long-term results. Smoking, asthma, and aspirin sensitivity were shown to be linked to a worse long-term result and a greater recurrence risk.
Midazolam infusion might preserve glucose and lipid homeostasis during surgery under general anesthesia: Placebo-controlled comparative study
Authors: Khashaba Mohamed A , Salman Samar A
Published: April 2024

Background

Anesthesia and surgery each per se is a stressful condition that may affect the postoperative patients’ outcomes. Hyperglycemia is the commonest result of surgical stress response and must be adjusted not only in diabetics to improve outcomes.

Aims

To determine changes in blood glucose (BG) and serum lipids and cortisol levels after intraoperative midazolam infusion for patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia.

Patients and Methods:

160 ASA I or II non-diabetic patients were randomly divided as Control patients received placebo infusion and Study patients received midazolam infusion (0.35 µg/kg/min). All patients gave blood samples before (S1) and 30-min after the start (S2) and at the end of infusion (S3) for estimation of BG and serum lipids and cortisol levels. The study outcome was the change in the levels of estimated parameters in relation to their preoperative levels.

Results

BG levels estimated in S2 and S3 samples were significantly higher than S1 levels of all patients but were significantly lower in samples of study than control patients. Serum levels of triglycerides and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and cortisol in S3 study samples were significantly lower than in S3 control samples.

Conclusion

Intraoperative midazolam infusion could minimize surgical stress response with a significant decrease in serum cortisol, triglycerides, and VLDL and significantly lower BG concentrations in comparison to placebo infusion.
Nine-year follow-up of patients receiving recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor nude plasmid DNA for critical limb ischemia: Updated safety and efficacy results
Authors: Gu Yongquan , Cui Shijun , Yu Tong , Liao Lianming , Guo Jianming
Published: April 2024

CONTEXT:

NL003 is a plasmid engineered to simultaneously express two isoforms of hepatocyte growth factor. The Phase II clinical trial shows that intramuscular injection of NL003 in the affected limb of patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) is safe and could alleviate pain and promote ulcer healing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of NL003.

METHODS:

A total of 108 participants were evaluated: 32 in the placebo group and 76 in the NL003 group. The primary endpoint was 5-year amputation-free survival and the secondary endpoints were pain, ulcer, and adverse reactions.

RESULTS:

During a mean follow-up period of 10.4 years, the 5-year amputation-free survival rate was 67.1% (51/76) in the NL003 group and 37.5% (12/32) in the placebo group (P < 0.05). The median amputation-free survival was 9.53 years in the NL003 group and 4.51 years in the placebo group. There was no significant difference in the rates of major amputation between the two groups (21.1% vs. 21.9%). Pain relief and ulcer healing tended to favor the NL003 group. No serious adverse reactions such as gene integration and tumor were found during the follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS:

NL003 has a favorable long-term safety profile and may provide long-term benefit for patients with CLI.
C$^{*}$-algebraic factorization homology and realization of cyclic representations
Authors: Hataishi Lucas
Published: April 2024

We prove cocontinuity of the

\max

-tensor product of C

^{*}

-categories and develop a framework to perform factorization homology in a C

^{*}

-setting. In such context, we specialize some results of D. Ben-Zvi, A. Brochier, and D. Jordan. As a consequence of our constructions, we realize quantum Hamiltonian reduction in terms of bimodules over a factor

N

. We also provide a GNS-type reconstruction theorem for C

^{*}

-algebra objects in categories of bimodules over a

\mathrm{II}_{1}

-factor, enhancing a realization theorem due to C. Jones and D. Penneys.
Integrated Trajectory Planning and Tracking Control for Autonomous
Vehicles Based on Pseudo-time-to-Collision Risk Assessment Model
Authors: Yang Tao , Liu Liang , Xu Zhaoping
Published: April 2024

In order to improve the obstacle avoidance ability of autonomous vehicles in
complex traffic environments, speed planning, path planning, and tracking
control are integrated into one optimization problem. An integrated vehicle
trajectory planning and tracking control method combining a
pseudo-time-to-collision (PTC) risk assessment model and model predictive
control (MPC) is proposed. First, a risk assessment model with PTC probability
is proposed by considering the differentiation of the risk on the relative
motion states of the self and front vehicles, and the obstacle vehicles in the
lateral and longitudinal directions. Then, a three-degrees-of-freedom vehicle
dynamics model is established, and the MPC cost function and constraints are
constructed from the perspective of the road environment as well as the
stability and comfort of the ego-vehicle, combined with the PTC risk assessment
model to optimize the control. Finally, a complex multi-vehicle obstacle
avoidance scenario is built to analyze the PTC risk field. Then, three typical
obstacle avoidance scenarios are built and analyzed in comparison with a layered
control approach. The results show that the method is able to plan a more
accurate and stable driving route than layered control, which guarantees the
safety and comfort of the vehicle. The proposed PTC risk assessment model is
applicable to the vehicle trajectory planning problem with accurate risk
assessment in complex road environments, which improves the safety and
adaptability of autonomous vehicles in complex road environments.
Challenging situation of coronary artery anomaly associated with ischemia and/or risk of sudden death
Authors: Ito Shigenori
Published: April 2024

Coronary artery anomaly is known as one of the causes of angina pectoris and sudden death and is an important clinical entity that cannot be overlooked. The incidence of coronary artery anomalies is as low as 1%-2% of the general population, even when the various types are combined. Coronary anomalies are practically challenging when the left and right coronary ostium are not found around their normal positions during coronary angiography with a catheter. If there is atherosclerotic stenosis of the coronary artery with an anomaly and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is required, the suitability of the guiding catheter at the entrance and the adequate back up force of the guiding catheter are issues. The level of PCI risk itself should also be considered on a case-by-case basis. In this case, emission computed tomography in the R-1 subtype single coronary artery proved that ischemia occurred in an area where the coronary artery was not visible to the naked eye. Meticulous follow-up would be crucial, because sudden death may occur in single coronary arteries. To prevent atherosclerosis with full efforts is also important, as the authors indicated admirably.
The cardiovascular system at high altitude: A bibliometric and visualization analysis
Authors: Zhao Mao-Lin , Lu Zhong-Jie , Yang Li , Ding Sheng , Gao Feng , Liu Yuan-Zhang , Yang Xue-Lin , Li Xia , He Si-Yi
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

When exposed to high-altitude environments, the cardiovascular system undergoes various changes, the performance and mechanisms of which remain controversial.

AIM

To summarize the latest research advancements and hot research points in the cardiovascular system at high altitude by conducting a bibliometric and visualization analysis.

METHODS

The literature was systematically retrieved and filtered using the Web of Science Core Collection of Science Citation Index Expanded. A visualization analysis of the identified publications was conducted employing CiteSpace and VOSviewer.

RESULTS

A total of 1674 publications were included in the study, with an observed annual increase in the number of publications spanning from 1990 to 2022. The United States of America emerged as the predominant contributor, while Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia stood out as the institution with the highest publication output. Notably, Jean-Paul Richalet demonstrated the highest productivity among researchers focusing on the cardiovascular system at high altitude. Furthermore, Peter Bärtsch emerged as the author with the highest number of cited articles. Keyword analysis identified hypoxia, exercise, acclimatization, acute and chronic mountain sickness, pulmonary hypertension, metabolism, and echocardiography as the primary research hot research points and emerging directions in the study of the cardiovascular system at high altitude.

CONCLUSION

Over the past 32 years, research on the cardiovascular system in high-altitude regions has been steadily increasing. Future research in this field may focus on areas such as hypoxia adaptation, metabolism, and cardiopulmonary exercise. Strengthening interdisciplinary and multi-team collaborations will facilitate further exploration of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cardiovascular changes in high-altitude environments and provide a theoretical basis for standardized disease diagnosis and treatment.
Correction: Establishment of a prediction model for prehospital return of spontaneous circulation in out-of-hospital patients with cardiac arrest
Authors: Wang Jing-Jing , Zhou Qiang , Huang Zhen-Hua , Han Yong , Qin Chong-Zhen , Chen Zhong-Qing , Xiao Xiao-Yong , Deng Zhe
Published: April 2024

This is an erratum to an already published paper named “Establishment of a prediction model for prehospital return of spontaneous circulation in out-of-hospital patients with cardiac arrest”. We found errors in the affiliated institution of the authors. We apologize for our unintentional mistake. Please note, these changes do not affect our results.
Modyfikacja tekstu prawnego w orzecznictwie Sądu Najwyższego – problem wykładni prawa czy niedozwolona wypowiedź normatywna
Authors: Piątkowski Jan
Published: April 2024

The subject of the analyses contained in the study is a phenomenon that raises fundamental controversies in the context of the principle of the tripartite division of powers in Poland, the principle of legal certainty and the principle of certainty of legal transactions. It concerns the tendency of judicial modification of the law for the purpose of a specific case being decided. The extreme and most far-reaching manifestation of judicial lawmaking is the modification of a legal text that is directly understood, i.e. one that does not give rise to any, even the slightest, doubts as to its content. In the current state of the law, there is no basis for modifying a legal text in the process of administering justice. Such modification means exceeding the limits of legal interpretation and is an impermissible normative statement. New legal rules may be formed in the activity of jurisprudence, but they must arise on the basis of a resultant relationship, following a process of restorative interpretation and provided that they are generally accepted by the judicature.
Castro Medina, Raquel, Las personas mayores en el contexto de las políticas socio-laborales: la importancia de un cambio de paradigma, Barcelona, Atelier Libros Jurídicos, 2023
Authors: Cabello Roldán Aída
Published: April 2024

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ANALYSIS OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND TOTAL AMOUNTS OF MICROORGANISMS IN LAKE VLASINA
Authors:   Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia, Milenkovic Andjelkovic Ana , Popovic Miroslav ,   Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia, Mladenovic Jelena ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of  Agronomy, Čačak, Serbia
Published: April 2024

The comprehensive examination of Like Vlasina microorganism levels and physico-chemical parameters during summer and winter aimed to assess water quality. The temperature ranged from 2 0C to 24 0C, pH from 6.20 to 8.40. Key indicators, such as ammonia 0.109-0.387 mg dm-3, nitrates 0.111-0.320 mg dm-3, and nitrites 0.002-0.025 mg dm-3, displayed distinct patterns. The count of mesophilic aerobic hemoorganotrophic microorganisms was lowest in winter 100 and peaked in summer 63500 no x 10-3 dm-3 Nitrogen gradients increased with depth. Emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring to prioritize lake protection and address pollution, ensuring its sustained revitalization.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF HYBRIDS OF COUMARIN’S DERIVATIVES WITH NEUROTRANSMITTERS 20242ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOTECHNOLOGY (2024)ЗБОРНИЦИ
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Serbia, Radojević Ivana , Avdović Edina ,   University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Serbia, Dimić Dušan ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Serbia, Antonijević Marko ,   University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Serbia, Vasić Marijana ,   The Academy of Applied Preschool Teaching and Health Studies, Department of Technical & Technological Studies Kruševac, Serbia, Ćirković Katarina ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Serbia
Published: April 2024

n this study, the antimicrobial activity of five hybrids of 3-acetyl- 4-hydroxy coumarin with neurotransmitters was determined: dopamine (1), tyramine (2), octopamine (3), norepinephrine (4) and methoxy-tyramine (5). Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the microdilution method incorporating resazurin, with determination of MIC/MMC concentrations. Testing involved twelve microorganisms, five of which were sourced from mine wastewater. The best activities were shown by substances (1) and (4) on Bacillus pumilus and Pantoea agglomerans, where the MIC was 31.8 μg/mL. Pantoea agglomerans showed the highest sensitivity to all tested substances, except (5). Tested substances didn't show activity on standard strains of bacteria and yeast. In general, substances act above the range of positive controls and have selective and limited activity.
Da folha em branco à defesa: os desafios da elaboração do TCC na Graduação
Authors: Souza Bruno Mello , Duque Lucianne Carvalho Correia
Published: April 2024

O objetivo geral deste texto é oferecer subsídios para auxiliar alunos de graduação na elaboração do trabalho de conclusão. Deste objetivo geral, são desdobrados os seguintes objetivos específicos: (1) apresentar subsídios para os primeiros passos para a reflexão acerca do interesse por um tema; (2) abordar os elementos básicos para a estruturação de uma monografia; (3) elencar ideias e estratégias para otimizar a escrita do trabalho; (4) apresentar sugestões para o momento da defesa em frente à banca. Este artigo baseia-se na revisão de literatura que aborda a temática e justifica-se a partir da experiência prática dos autores. Tal experiência levou à constatação da existência de carências formativas das graduações, que muitas vezes surgem como entrave tanto para o bom desenvolvimento da monografia final por parte dos estudantes quanto para a possível sequência destes no âmbito da pós-graduação.
Formulation and Optimization of Intra Nasal Niosomal Gel of Kynurenic Acid: In Vitro in Vivo Characterization
Authors:   Research scholar, Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, Shri Jagdish Prasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University Chudela Jhunjhunu Rajasthan- 333001, Bodige Mounika , Jat Rakesh Kumar ,   Department of pharmaceutical sciences, Institute of Pharmacy Shri Jagdish Prasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University Chudela Jhunjhunu Rajasthan- 333001., Chettupalli Ananda Kumar ,   Assistant professor Department of pharmaceutical sciences Vignan Institute of pharmaceutical sciences Vignan hills, Near Ramoji film city, Deshmukhi, Yadadri Bhuvanagiri- 508284.
Published: April 2024

Kynurenic acid's (KNA) inability to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) severely limits its usage as a neuroprotective drug, despite the fact that it may have significant therapeutic effects in neurological illnesses. Drug delivery devices are one of the new avenues we're exploring as a means for KNA to enter the brain. Due to its low absorption when taken orally, medication formulation faces a significant hurdle. Here, nasal drug delivery has emerged as a popular alternate method for increasing medication bioavailability. In light of this, the current investigation set out to increase KNA bioavailability by means of an intranasal formulation based on niosomal technology. Rapid onset and evasion of first-pass metabolism are both offered by the nasal route, whereas niosomes protect hydrophilic medicines inside their core. For the purpose of determining entrapment efficiency, particle size, and in vitro drug release, niosomes were synthesized by combining lipid, nonionic surfactant, and cholesterol in distinct ratios. With a vesicle size of 248.51±1.54nm, the optimized niosomal formulation demonstrated a superior drug content (DC) of 98216±0.11% and an entrapment efficiency (EE) of 89.23±0.35. The formulation also contained cholesterol in an equal proportion (1:1). A value of 24 minutes was shown in the in vitro drug diffusion testing, indicating that the formulation exhibited prolonged activity. Gelation occurred at 37 ⁰C, which is the body's physiological temperature, and the optimum in situ gel, which contained 1:2 carbopol 934 and benzalkonium chloride, had a t90 value of 24 hours, indicating prolonged activity. In comparison to KNA oral suspension, the results showed that the KNA-loaded niosomal gel had a much higher relative bioavailability and improved drug penetration through the nasal mucosa
The Power of Public Oversight: The Effects of Environmental Agency Information Disclosure on Environmental Investment by Polluting Enterprises
Authors: Fu Qiang
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Collusion between government and business presents a significant challenge to environmental governance, yet academic literature rarely addresses effective measures to address this key problem. This study addresses this gap by leveraging government information disclosure data from urban environmental protection agencies in China to empirically examine the impact of such disclosures on environmental investments by Chinese polluting enterprises. Our analysis reveals the positive effects of government information disclosure by enforcement agencies on environmental investments, particularly for enterprises characterized by higher degrees of government-business collusion. Unlike traditional supervision methods from higher authorities to lower ones, government information disclosure operates under public oversight, which can mitigate shortcomings in supervision scope and agency costs. Thus, the findings of this study offer valuable insights for addressing pollution governance challenges.

Keywords: Government information disclosure, Collusion, Environmental investment, Polluting enterprises.
Comprehensive Review of R-CNN and its Variant Architectures
Authors: Sumit  , Shrishti Bisht  , Sunita Joshi  , Urvi Rana
Published: April 2024

This research paper delves into the intricacies of Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (R- CNN) and its variants, providing a meticulous comparative analysis. The study encompasses the evolution, functionality, and impact of these models in the realm of object detection within computer vision [3]. The objectives of this paper are to elucidate the significance of R-CNN and its variants, present an overview of object detection challenges, and underscore the crucial role these models play in addressing these challenges. The methodologies employed in this research involve an in-depth examination of the architectural components, such as Selective Search, feature extraction, object classification, and bounding box regression that constitute the R-CNN approach. By reviewing the historical context and subsequent developments, including Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, and Mask R-CNN, the paper aims to shed light on the continuous evolution of these models. The findings of this study aim to contribute to the broader understanding of the advancements in object detection through deep learning, with potential applications in diverse fields, including autonomous driving and face recognition.