bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clarin‐1 expression in adult mouse and human retina highlights a role of Müller glia in Usher syndrome
Authors: Xu Lei , Bolch Susan N , Santiago Clayton P , Dyka Frank M , Akil Omar , Lobanova Ekaterina S , Wang Yuchen , Martemyanov Kirill A , Hauswirth William W , Smith W Clay , Handa James T , Blackshaw Seth , Ash John D , Dinculescu Astra
Published: October 2019

Usher syndrome type 3 (USH3) is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder caused by mutations in the gene clarin‐1 (CLRN1), leading to combined progressive hearing loss and retinal degeneration. The cellular distribution of CLRN1 in the retina remains uncertain, either because its expression levels are low or because its epitopes are masked. Indeed, in the adult mouse retina, Clrn1 mRNA is developmentally downregulated, detectable only by RT‐PCR. In this study we used the highly sensitive RNAscope in situ hybridization assay and single‐cell RNA‐sequencing techniques to investigate the distribution of Clrn1 and CLRN1 in mouse and human retina, respectively. We found that Clrn1 transcripts in mouse tissue are localized to the inner retina during postnatal development and in adult stages. The pattern of Clrn1 mRNA cellular expression is similar in both mouse and human adult retina, with CLRN1 transcripts being localized in Müller glia, and not photoreceptors. We generated a novel knock‐in mouse with a hemagglutinin (HA) epitope‐tagged CLRN1 and showed that CLRN1 is expressed continuously at the protein level in the retina. Following enzymatic deglycosylation and immunoblotting analysis, we detected a single CLRN1‐specific protein band in homogenates of mouse and human retina, consistent in size with the main CLRN1 isoform. Taken together, our results implicate Müller glia in USH3 pathology, placing this cell type to the center of future mechanistic and therapeutic studies to prevent vision loss in this disease. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Metabolic response to exercise in childhood brain tumor survivors: A pilot controlled study
Authors: Papalia Honoré , Rochette Emmanuelle , Pereira Bruno , Merlin Etienne , Kanold Justyna , Duché Pascale ,   the HERCCULE GROUP
Published: October 2019

Background/objectives

Survival rates in children diagnosed with malignant brain tumors exceed 70%. A higher risk of dyslipidemia, central obesity, and insulin resistance has been reported among these children. We investigated substrate utilization during submaximal exercise.

Design/methods

Ten brain tumor survivors and 10 healthy children were matched by sex, age, and Tanner stage. Participants completed a submaximal incremental exercise test to determine their fat and carbohydrate oxidation rates.

Results

The relative oxygen volume (VO2) peak was significantly higher in the control group than in the survivors of childhood brain tumors (43.3 ± 11.9 and 32.4 ± 10.2 mL/kg /min, P = .04). At the same relative exercise intensity, there was no difference in the carbohydrate or lipid oxidation rate between the two groups, or in the maximal fat oxidation (MFO) rate, or in the heart rate or percentage of VO2 peak to reach MFO. Healthy children achieved MFO at significantly higher muscular power than did brain tumor survivors (47.9 ± 20.8 and 21.8 ± 9.6 W, P = .003).

Conclusion

Because child brain tumor survivors are less physically fit than healthy children, and substrate utilization during submaximal exercise is not different, physical activity should be promoted for child brain tumor survivors.
Thermal and dielectric properties of nanocomposites prepared from reactive graphene oxide and silicon‐containing cycloaliphatic diepoxide
Authors: Liu Yida , Wang Zhonggang
Published: October 2019

Reactive graphene oxide (GO) with multiple carboxyls or hydroxyls was well dispersed in a liquid silicon‐containing cycloaliphatic diepoxide. Upon heating the mixture gradually to 180°C, GO was in situ copolymerized with diepoxide to produce novel graphene/epoxy nanocomposites with the GO contents varied from 0 to 5 wt%. Fourier transform infrared spectra demonstrate that the reactive groups of GO have participated in the polymerization reaction. The composites thus obtained have similar amorphous wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction patterns to the pure epoxy resin, whereas the peak at 9.54° corresponding to GO aggregations is absent, indicating a homogeneous dispersion of GO within epoxy matrix, which is consistent with the scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations. The influence of the GO incorporation on dielectric properties, viscoelastic behaviors, glass transition temperatures, and thermal stability of GO/epoxy nanocomposites is systematically investigated by means of impedance analyzer, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermal gravimetric analysis. The results show that the dielectric permittivities (k) of the samples significantly increase from 5.0 to 55 with the GO contents, and the k values are stable in the frequency range up to 1 MHz. The high dielectric permittivity and excellent dielectric stability are extremely important for the fabrication of high‐performance electronic devices.
Word bibliographic coupling: Another way to map science field and identify core references
Authors: Hsiao Tsung‐Ming , Chen Kuang‐hua
Published: October 2019

This study investigates how to measure subject relationship based on bibliographic coupling strength. Since the 1960s, researchers use citation analysis methods to discover the relationship between different works and authors. However, how to apply citation‐based methods in measuring the relationships between various subjects remains unknown. We propose a novel method to measure relationships between subjects based on bibliographic coupling strengths. Our dataset is composed of 7,692 articles published in 10 core information science journals from 2008 to 2017. The result shows that our method provides another viewpoint of exploring the development of science. Furthermore, our method can identify the core works in different subjects and help to judge how similar different subjects are.
Data for development: The case for Africa
Authors: Assefa Shimelis , Alemneh Daniel Gelaw , Rorissa Abebe
Published: October 2019

This study presents the results of a systematic review of data use practices by African countries to support the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) #2 – agriculture. Data use practices and existing data infrastructure are reviewed through the lens of the four big data value‐chain ‐ data generation, data acquisition, data storage, and data analysis. The findings show that – 1) national statistical offices are the primary institutions responsible for data collection and analysis at country level; 2) survey is the primary means for data generation and acquisition; c) the capability to transform data into actionable insight and knowledge is severely limited; 4) data is heavily used for reporting purposes.
An integrated framework of patient data ownership
Authors: Bowen‐Ziecheck Aaron D. , Bartlett Joan C.
Published: October 2019

Patient data ownership is called for but not explicitly conceptualized in the literature. This proposal reports a framework of patient data ownership based which integrates literature from the fields of healthcare information systems, patient‐centered care, and personal health information management. The 6 concepts identified are integrated, on‐demand, access, control, security, and input. The framework is presented to combine and synthesize concepts which are found in disparate fields but are highly related.
Usability testing of LUI: A new human‐computer interface for large displays
Authors: Dumas Catherine , Erdelez Sanda , Pomerantz Jeffrey , Parthiban Vik
Published: October 2019

A usability study was conducted on a new human‐computer web interface for large displays created by researchers from the Media Lab at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). Data was collected by observing 12 subjects who were asked interact with a large screen monitor using a set of gestures. The subjects were also asked to complete a survey after they participated. The purpose of the study was to discover new methods of how people interact with a large display using gestures. By understanding how people use this interface, novel applications that reflect user preferences can be designed. Our findings discovered usability and technology issues that were given to the creators of the web‐interface that was evaluated in this study. We also created usability testing protocol that will be used in future studies of this gesture‐based application.
Information and communication research in promoting workplace safety and health: A topic modeling analysis
Authors: Goh Dion Hoe‐Lian , Zheng Han , Lee Edmund Wei Jian , Lee Chei Sian , Theng Yin Leng
Published: October 2019

This paper is a first step in understanding the role of information and communication research in promoting workplace safety and health practices, which is an important concern in any organization. We adopt topic modeling to identify the major issues discussed in the literature. Six diverse themes were identified, suggesting the importance of this body of work.
A clickstream data analysis of users' behavior on a government WeChat official account
Authors: Jiang Tingting , Lin Tianqianjin , Shangguan Lina , Wang Ying
Published: October 2019

This study took a user‐oriented approach to investigating the effectiveness of a government WeChat official account in terms of service delivery. A transaction log file containing 42,188,760 clickstream records was obtained from an active account and analyzed at the footprint and movement levels. The current clickstream data analysis revealed the underutilization of the services provided by the account, the failure of the three navigational portals, and the poor completion rates of the tasks users performed on the account.
Evaluating ontology coverage and internal structure to better align patients with clinical trials
Authors: Lee Jooho , Blake Catherine , McInnes Bridget T.
Published: October 2019

Recruiting patients for a clinical trial is a time‐consuming activity that can delay recruiting and the reporting of clinical trial results. Ontologies can be used to align the inclusion criteria of a clinical trial with candidate patients but such an approach requires that (a) the concepts within an ontology adequately cover patient characteristics that are likely to be used in a clinical trial; (b) the quantitative similarity scores decline gracefully patient characteristics become less suited to the trial protocol; and (c) the alignment must be robust despite surface level differences in how eligibility features are described. The concepts are extracted from grant proposals and eight archetype breast cancer patients are mapped as matching a breast cancer clinical trial protocol does. The Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) and National Cancer Institute Thesaurus (NCIt) are evaluated with respect to coverage, connectivity, standard similarity properties and the granularity of rankings.
Getting creative in everyday life: Investigating arts and crafts hobbyists' information behavior
Authors: Lee Lo , Ocepek Melissa G. , Makri Stephann , Buchanan George , McKay Dana
Published: October 2019

While there has been increasing interest in how creative professionals find information to drive creative outputs, previous information behavior research has largely ignored how arts and crafts hobbyists look for information sources in their everyday lives. To fill this literature gap, we conducted interviews and observations with arts and crafts hobbyists to find out how they conceive potential DIY projects. The findings highlight three themes: the dearth of human sources, the prevalence of domain‐specific information, and the use of self‐curated information. In addition to empirical results, this work also broadens the understanding of information behavior in an arts and crafts context by studying populations beyond professional artists.
A crowdsourcing approach to explore helping motives in a smart city: A preliminary analysis
Authors: Lee Chei Sian , Goh Dion Hoe‐Lian , Sin Sei‐Ching Joanna , Osop Hamzah , Theng Yin Leng
Published: October 2019

Drawing from the functional approach to volunteerism, the aim of this preliminary study is to investigate the motives driving people's willingness to use a mobile crowdsourcing app to voluntarily help others in a smart city. Data were collected from 125 individuals. Preliminary results indicate that there are three categories of motives (i.e. Values, Protective and Professional) underlying helping behaviors in a smart city.
Online news sharing among Taiwan's middle‐aged and elderly populaces: Influencing factors
Authors: Liu Chieh , Wu Tingyu , Chang Wayland
Published: October 2019

Online news sharing has emerged as being influential in how certain news is targeted toward and received by certain audiences. Especially for the middle‐aged and elderly populaces, online fake news' increased presence has made such sharing more complex. With much of Taiwan's middle‐aged and elderly populaces with mobile phones, this study analyzes the influencing factors—namely motivation and willingness ones—of such populaces' online news sharing practices. analyses that were approached via a survey, an adapted questionnaire, and several quantitative analyses.Motivation‐wise, weighed more were communication exchange, knowledge sharing, and social interaction factors. Willingness‐wise, the news' authenticity strength level was the most influential in such populaces' mindsets to share the highlighted online news or not. And differing education levels have differing social interaction plus knowledge sharing‐based motivations. Overall, such results reflect the unique considerations of more information literacy education‐related initiatives for Taiwan's middle‐aged and elderly populaces in online news sharing practices.
Understanding formal scholarly communication in information science by exploring generational evolution of academic writing patterns
Authors: Lou Wen , Chen Jiao , Gorichanaz Tim
Published: October 2019

Professional academic writing skills can improve the validity of scholarly communication. Aiming to reveal the generational differences of academic writing patterns, by applying quantitative linguistic analysis to explore 53 information scientists in China and 2,328 papers of them, we found that (1) the writing pattern evolves smoothly, (2) sentences that scientists compose in a paper have become longer and longer, and syntax has become more and more complex as time goes by, and (3) scientists tend to be more and more cautious on choosing expression manners and norm words. This research will continue the matters of exact relationships between the age differences and writing patterns, and will be extended to other languages.
Understanding the relevance between text and images in disaster‐related social media posts
Authors: Mao Jin , Zhang Ji , Lu Kun , Li Gang
Published: October 2019

Disaster‐related social media posts are often attached with images, either relevant or irrelevant to the text. The relevance between text and attached images can be indicative of the quality of posts because relevant images bring enriched information beyond text. A relevance framework is proposed to depict four aspects of relevance between text and images. A dataset about Typhoon Mangkhut was collected from a microblog application in China. A random sample of 3,000 posts along with 6,217 images were independently annotated. In addition, an automated text and image similarity measure is introduced. Annotation results show that more images are relevant to text on the aspects of object and scene relevance than on literal and behavior relevance. Irrelevant images account for roughly 10% of all images. Text and image pairs with different relevance aspects show different similarity scores. The goal of this study is to improve our understanding of the relationship between text and images in disaster‐related social media posts, which have implications for applications based on text and images integration.
An exploratory gis prototype to map community engagement in the southern and central appalachian rural libraries
Authors: Mehra Bharat , Sikes Everette Scott , Singh Vandana
Published: October 2019

This poster highlights a work‐in‐progress prototype of a geographic information system (GIS4SCA‐RL) to map rural libraries' community engagement with external stakeholders in the Southern and Central Appalachian (SCA) region. It presents a prototype visualization platform for the audience to apply its pilot framework/design for visually representing their own community‐based information research in a geo‐spatial context. The GIS4SCA‐RL informs a globally networked information society of the efforts of SCA rural libraries via multi‐media, web‐based hyperlinked collections visually integrated to generate greater impact/relevance in the 21st century.
Using text mining and data visualization to trace the disciplinary boundaries of collective memory studies
Authors: Roeschley Ana
Published: October 2019

Halbwachs first coined the term “collective memory” in 1941 (Halbwachs, 1992). Since then collective memory has permeated a number of disciplines including history, psychology, political science, and information science. In applying the concept of collective memory to library and information sciences (LIS), it has been most widely used in archival science. The purpose of this study is to examine if collective memory scholarship translates across disciplinary boundaries. To examine the wider field of collective memory literature, this study employs text mining and visualization in an analysis of scholarly articles on the topic. This initial study shows that collective memory literature is overwhelmingly concerned with similar topics across disciplines and has further potential for archival scholars and other information scientists beyond disciplinary silos.
Identifying the collaboration styles of research students
Authors: Rolf Harry
Published: October 2019

Today engaging in collaboration is an important factor affecting the success of research students. Having insight into the social dynamics of collaboration can enhance their decision making when engaging with researchers, projects and institutions. This poster reports on the results of a study that investigated collaboration by research students at the University of Tasmania using co‐authorship information on research publications. The study applied a visual analytic method for exploring and interpreting the social dynamics of collaboration. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, providing insight into the roles of co‐authors and revealing the presence of functional research teams with different styles of collaboration.
An analysis of published journals for papers posted on bioRXiv
Authors: Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Sun Yuan , Nishizawa Masaki , Liu Xiaomin , Amano Kou
Published: October 2019

This study investigated papers posted on bioRXiv. In 2013–19, 17,818 papers were published in academic journals, accounting for 40.67% of the total publication. Among them, the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection recorded journals of 16,525 published papers, accounting for 92.74% of the total. The following conclusions can be drawn. (1) Results indicate scientists' attention to the preprint system. (2) A large number of papers still use traditional publishing as the ultimate goal. (3) Because the posted papers scrutinized in this study were published in journals with a high impact factor, they have attracted the attention of many scientists. Nevertheless, we believe that the preprint platform will play a greater role from the academic exchange perspective.
The use of theory in research relating to open access: Practitioner perspectives
Authors: Wakeling Simon , Pinfield Stephen , Bawden David , Robinson Lyn
Published: October 2019

The relationship between theory and practice has long been considered problematic for many applied academic disciplines. In this short paper we report preliminary findings from a two‐year research project investigating the ways and the extent that theory and practice have interacted in the development of open‐access (OA) approaches to the publishing and dissemination of research outputs. Based on interviews with practitioners and researchers working on OA related issues, we explore the ways in which theory is (and isn't) of value to practice. We find that while practitioners acknowledge that theory has the potential to improve understanding, bestow credibility on work, and codify existing knowledge about OA, they also perceive it as “mood music” to the practical work of OA, lacking explicit links to action.
“Active followers”: An emerging role of information behaviour among group holiday makers
Authors: Ye Edwin Mouda , Du Jia Tina , Ashman Helen , Hansen Preben , Huang Songshan (Sam) , Sigala Marianna
Published: October 2019

In an era of information overload, people often work together on information‐intensive projects. Group holidaying is such an example where people plan and conduct trips together. In this poster paper we present preliminary findings from an ongoing investigation of collaborative information behaviour of group holidaymakers. Through a grounded‐theory approach, preliminary findings show that not all members of the travel group engage equally in the information search. A role labelled “active followers” is identified and the role‐taker's contribution to the group's information seeking and decision‐making is discussed. This paper calls for attention to heterogeneity within collaborating groups and invites further discussion of research into this topic in information science community.
Developing community phenotype ontologies: Understanding users' preferences
Authors: Zhang Limin , Cota Zuleima , Cui Hong , Chen Hsin‐liang , Ford Bruce , Sach Joel , Pender Jocelyn , Macklin James , Reznicek Anton , Starr Julian
Published: October 2019

This poster reports preliminary user‐testing results on four different methods to add terms to a phenotype ontology. A total of 31 graduate students from UA iSchool and three senior botanists participated in two different experiments. Results suggest the Quick Form and WebProtege are preferred by biologists and WikiData and Wizard are not preferred for different reasons.
Putting a price on social movements: A case study of #metoo on instagram
Authors: Afnan Tanisha , Huang Hsiao‐Ying , Sclafani Maria , Bashir Masooda
Published: October 2019

Social media has enhanced the dissemination of information relating to specific social movements, allowing activists to quickly mobilize and more easily communicate. However, the practice of “hashtag activism” has unforeseen consequences; it gives users with commercial interests a great deal of control over when and how hashtags are utilized. To investigate the intersection between commodification, social movements, and social media, we examined the use of #metoo and three other #metoo‐related hashtags on the popular social networking platform Instagram as a case study. The aim of the #metoo social movement, which gained traction in 2017–2018, was to raise awareness on the issue of sexual violence. We collected a sample of 200 randomly selected posts to analyze their content and relevance to the movement. Our findings not only indicate that 1 in 5 posts within our sample had a commercial aspect, but also revealed a variety of commodifying strategies employed by the users.
Search is the future? The young search less for files
Authors: Bergman Ofer , Israeli Tamar , Whittaker Steve
Published: October 2019

There are two main ways to retrieve files: hierarchical folder navigation and query‐based search using a search engine. Research consistently shows that users prefer retrieving files using folder navigation, rather than more flexible query‐based search. But desktop search engines continue to improve, so does this mean that younger generations rely more on search as their usage habits were formed when experiencing more effective search? This study tested age effects on search use by asking 289 participants to retrieve 1,557 of their shared files. Counterintuitively, our results showed a positive correlation between age and search percentage, with participants over fifty searching over four times as much as participants in their twenties. Results were confirmed by an n = 653 combined data analysis. A possible explanation is that older participants forget the location of their files. We discuss the deep neuro‐cognitive roots of navigation preference which may also explain our findings.
Noticing the unnoticed: Lines of work in everyday life information practices
Authors: Dalmer Nicole , McKenzie Pam
Published: October 2019

This paper challenges the existing dichotomy between “everyday” and “workplace” information practices and uses an expansive understanding of work to make visible the often invisible and unpaid forms of work required to make everyday life possible. After an overview of existing understandings and applications of work within LIS, two studies that take up the information work of caring for a family member living with a chronic illness demonstrate that everyday life information practices transcend domestic and organizational contexts. The unpredictability of a chronic illness leads caregivers to undertake numerous and simultaneous lines of work in their everyday and every night lives, including information, document, affective, avoidance, and articulation work, among others. We argue that using the notion of work is a strategy to acknowledge, name, and count those everyday life information practices that are so commonplace they risk becoming unnoticed.
Topics of example questions and discussion at the early stage of community building for health Q&A: A case study of health stack exchange
Authors: Fu Hengyi , Oh Sanghee
Published: October 2019

As one of the most significant examples of collective intelligence, online peer production communities, such as Wikipedia and Stack Overflow, have highly contributed to reshape the knowledge infrastructure on the Web. The current volume of peer production research is vast but empirical studies regarding the early stage of community building are in a very limited number. This empirical study, therefore, presents preliminary results of community building and user‐driven issues associated with a Health Q&A site at its early stage, namely the Definition stage by the Q&A system. The method of content analysis was used to identify 4 categories with 20 subcategories of example questions and 8 categories with 23 subcategories of community building discussion threads. The example questions have shown, that the development of Health Stack Exchange was driven by cognitive instead of social or emotional motivations and social supporting questions were not much welcomed by early‐stage community members. Findings also pointed to the importance of seeking consensus about the community's ultimate goal and target user group in the start‐up stage, which could help to solve the scope definition problems.
Relations among participation, fairness and performance in collaborative learning with Wiki‐based analytics
Authors: Ng Jeremy , Hu Xiao , Luo Miyu , Chu Sam K. W.
Published: October 2019

Utilizing data analytics for supporting collaborative learning is under‐studied in secondary education. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Wiki and Wiki‐based learning analytics in facilitating collaborative learning in a junior secondary school, in terms of students' participation, contribution, performance, and perception. A Wiki‐based learning analytic tool, Wikiglass, was employed for visualizing statistics of students' contributions and participation (e.g., revision counts) in Wiki, on both the group and individual levels. System log, student survey and performance data were collected from students involved in a Wiki‐supported inquiry project assignment. An Unfairness Index is proposed to measure students' group work distribution. Results of statistical analyses show that fairness of group work distribution was positively related to active participation in revisions on Wiki on the group level, and the number of sentences with higher‐order thinking was related to group performance scores. On the level of individual students, Wiki‐based analytics increased the visibility of work distribution and peers' work progress and contributions which might have changed students' collaborative behaviors.
Introducing orbis: An extendable evaluation pipeline for named entity linking performance drill‐down analyses
Authors: Odoni Fabian , Braşoveanu Adrian M. P. , Kuntschik Philipp , Weichselbraun Albert
Published: October 2019

Most current evaluation tools are focused solely on benchmarking and comparative evaluations thus only provide aggregated statistics such as precision, recall and F1‐measure to assess overall system performance. They do not offer comprehensive analyses up to the level of individual annotations. This paper introduces Orbis, an extendable evaluation pipeline framework developed to allow visual drill‐down analyses of individual entities, computed by annotation services, in the context of the text they appear in, in reference to the entities specified in the gold standard.
A comparative study of domestic and cross‐country impact of Chinese and U.S. publications in chemistry
Authors: Cai Xiaojing , Lyu Xiaozan , Zhou Ping
Published: October 2019

Based on publications in Chemistry in 2015, this paper investigated the citation impact on domestic and foreign scholarly communities of Chinese and US publications, and to what extent does such impact relate to international collaboration and government funding. First‐ or corresponding authorship in international collaboration is defined as dominance and is taken into consideration. Citations to publications are designated as domestic citations (Chinese or US citations), partner citations or other citations according to overlap of countries of citing and cited publications. Significant difference exists in the two countries. Most citations of Chinese publications are from domestic and partner countries, with domestic citations being the mainstay. In contrast, US papers receive more other citations than domestic or partner citations, and citations from partner countries contribute significantly. US papers have higher global impact than those of China. High domestic citation propensity is associated with non‐international collaboration, dominance of focal country in international collaboration, and national funding support. Such phenomenon is more pronounced in Chinese papers. In other words, citation impact of Chinese publications is more limited in domestic community, whereas that of the US is more global.
Open access to research artifacts: Implementing the next generation data management plan
Authors: Stodden Victoria , Ferrini Vicki , Gabanyi Margaret , Lehnert Kerstin , Morton John , Berman Helen
Published: October 2019

We describe a new vision for a Data Management Plan (DMP) that incorporates controlled vocabularies and semantic descriptions of the scholarly objects to be produced by the proposed project. We implement this vision in an open‐source web‐based DMP tool, called ezDMP, at ezdmp.org. The integrated use of structured information in ezDMP permits several important goals. First, with minimal additional effort, researchers can create DMPs with more complete information about the scholarly objects to be produced. Second, research funders can productively query this structured information to learn about repository use and other patterns of scholarly objects creation. Finally, ezDMP puts a structure in place that can support the integration of information about digital scholars objects, in an organized and systematic way, into research data management environments.
How do students' information world maps change while developing their thesis topics? A longitudinal study using arts‐based elicitation interviews
Authors: Tsai Tien‐I , Chen Hsuan‐Ju , Tai Chen‐Hsuan , Chen Yi‐Ling
Published: October 2019

It is challenging for master's students, as novice researchers, to gather information throughout the process of thesis topic development. Information world mapping (IWM) provides a framework to depict a wide range of information activities and practices as well as the items, places, and relationships involved in a specific context from individuals' perspectives. The current study used IWM visual elicitation interviews to conduct a longitudinal study with 14 master's students at three iSchools. Since students typically develop their thesis topics throughout the first year in the master's program, each student was asked to draw an IWM during the interview after the first and second semesters ended. Situational analysis and qualitative content analysis were used to analyze the data. While students' IWMs remained similar in composition, their IWMs mainly changed in viewpoints of the world based on their work pace and relationships with various sources. Suggestions are provided based on the findings.
Leveraging funds of knowledge to manage privacy practices in families
Authors: Subramaniam Mega , Kumar Priya , Morehouse Shandra , Liao Yuting , Vitak Jessica
Published: October 2019

Information and communication technologies play a critical role at home, school, and work for people of all ages. At the same time, use of these technologies can present challenges to privacy and security. In this study, we apply the concept of funds of knowledge to understand how families develop knowledge and skills around using technology and protecting personal information. Funds of knowledge explains how people gain knowledge and highlights how learning happens in a variety of environments beyond the classroom. Through interviews with 52 families living in economically disadvantaged communities in the United States, we develop a typology of privacy funds of knowledge in families. We also explore how privacy funds of knowledge inform families' privacy practices. We conclude the paper by identifying how these findings inform the development of resources for families to further enhance their digital practices.
Performance of citations and altmetrics in the social sciences and humanities
Authors: Yang Siluo , Zheng Mengxue
Published: October 2019

It has always been argued that social sciences and humanities (SSH) impact evaluation calls for a broader range of indicators than only bibliometric indicators. This study analyzes the performance of scientific SSH publications using 1,327,924 records from the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) and the Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI), and 629,586 records from Altmetric.com. The research covers a period of 5 years (2013–2017); three publication types (articles, reviews, and proceedings papers); four selected subject fields; three citation indicators; and 13 altmetric indicators. The comparative analysis of SSH performance is studied in both citation and altmetric pattern, and an attempt is made to interpret the results in both the metric and discipline contexts. Major contributions of this study include the extension of analysis methods for the SSH, as well as the validation of altmetric indicators.
Dataset bias: A case study for visual question answering
Authors: Das Anubrata , Anjum Samreen , Gurari Danna
Published: October 2019

We examine the issue of bias in datasets designed to train visual question answering (VQA) algorithms. These datasets include a collection of natural language questions about images (aka ‐ visual questions). We consider three popular datasets that are captured by people with sight, people who are blind, and generated by computers. We first demonstrate that machine learning algorithms can be trained to recognize each dataset's bias, and so determine the source of a novel visual question. We then discuss potential risks and benefits of biased VQA datasets and corresponding machine learning algorithms that can identify the source of a visual question; e.g., whether it comes from a person with sight, a person who is blind, or bot (aka ‐ computer). Our ultimate aim is to inspire the development of more inclusive VQA systems.
Lack of the normative lens: Discussions on research on micro‐targeted ads explanation of Facebook
Authors: Ma Yuanye
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

This paper observes that studies on the explanation of recommender systems lack a normative lens. Specifically, it uses Facebook's micro‐targeted advertisement explanations as a case for discussion, and shows how research mostly take a descriptive lens and focus on answering the what and how questions while the normative questions concerning how things should be are under explored. The paper argues that the normative and descriptive lenses are interdependent, and the lack of the normative lens contributes to inconsistent research suggestions. Explicitly putting on a normative lens is how researchers could avoid potential conflict among multiple normative goals.
Effects of a gamified learning platform on elementary school students' flow experiences in leisure reading
Authors: Mak Martin Ting Fung , Wang Meng , Chu Kai Wah Samuel
Published: October 2019

Reading is the basis of most learning but is regarded by students as a boring activity in Hong Kong. Therefore, schools in Hong Kong have launched different reading programs to promote reading. One of the successful examples is Reading Battle which gamifies the reading comprehension assessments with points, levels, e‐badges and leaderboard on an interactive learning platform. This study looked into how gamification affected the flow experience of students and discussed to what extent the nine flow dimensions were experienced by them, especially the heavy users of the gamified learning platform. This case study chose nine students from four different elementary schools in Hong Kong and adopted a mixed method such as questionnaires and interviews. While many students first did it for external motivation such as getting more points and ranking high on the leaderboard, the study found that the heavy users of Reading Battle became committed to reading and many enjoyed the flow experiences where they seemed to forget about time and discomfort and truly enjoyed the reading process.
Developing a Work‐Identifier Allocation Algorithm to FRBRize KORMARC Records
Authors: Yun Jaehyuk
Published: October 2019

Displaying search results by work requires clustering related works by assigning every Machine‐Readable Cataloging (MARC) record a work‐identifier. Although the manual assignment of work‐identifiers may be unfeasible in some cases due to a high number of records, developing an instance‐appropriate algorithm provides a convenient solution by enabling automated allocation. This study attempted to find a method to automatically convert the National Library of Korea (NLK) data to Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) structure. However, there were some problems with the Korean MARC (KORMARC) records of the NLK. The NLK uses principally an added entry field (7XX) than a main entry field (1XX) and most 7XX fields do not have relator terms, and which makes us not to know the representative author of books when there are several contributors (multiple 7XX fields). Accordingly, this study seeks to maximize accuracy in cases of works with more than two contributors without using a main entry field or authority data by investigating the possibility of shifting from KORMARC to the FRBR.
Information behaviour and practises research informing technology and service design
Authors: Huvila Isto , Enwald Heidi , Eriksson‐Backa Kristina , Liu Ying‐Hsang , Hirvonen Noora
Published: October 2019

A common critique is that insights from information behaviour and practises (IBP) research have difficulties to find their way to inform the design of new technologies, systems and services. There is a certain seed of truth of these statements but the situation is much more complex as are the requirements to improve the relevance of empirical observations of information activities for design and development. This panel enquires into how different approaches to IBP research can inform technology and service development in different ways, how to support interdisciplinary dialogue between IBP and systems and service design, and what novel insights from the state‐of‐the‐art of IBP research can be drawn to support technology and service development.
Information seeking at the intersection of search, learning, inquiry, and creativity: Sharing stories to inform creative research
Authors: Twidale Michael , Rieh Soo Young
Published: October 2019

This alternative event brings together researchers, practitioners, and students who are interested in developing new research ideas and methods by engaging in a series of activities around sharing stories about information seeking that helped their learning and inspired their creativity. Although storytelling is well established within Library and Information Science, it is not normally used to inform research about search. However we believe it has great potential in inspiring creative research about creativity.
Information science education and library and information studies education: Transnational conversations
Authors: Weech Terry , Chu Clara M. , Hirsh Sandra , Julien Heidi , Kennan Mary Anne , Velasquez Diane L. , Narayan Bhuva
Published: October 2019

The panel/round‐table will explore the status of the education of information professionals internationally, with a focus on a review of the status of Library and Information Studies, Information Science, and Information Professional education programs in the U.S., Canada and Australia. Similarities and differences between programs in each country specific to the information professions will be analyzed. The analysis will include a review of the quality assessment of programs, and specific issues related to their success, and concerns about the future of programs in each case. The impact of the iSchool movement will be examined.
Semiglobal output feedback control for uncertain nontriangular nonlinear systems with sector‐bounded unknown measurement
Authors: Li Ting , Yang Jun , Li Shihua , Guo Lei
Published: October 2019

The problem of semiglobal stabilization for nontriangular nonlinear systems with unknown control coefficients and uncertain output function is investigated in this paper. By virtue of homogeneous domination technique, a novel nonrecursive design approach is presented to construct the semiglobal controller. To that end, a new output‐driven reduce‐order observer is developed to estimate the unmeasurable states. Moreover, it has been shown that we can determine the maximal sector bound of output function, in which an output feedback controller can be designed to render the closed‐loop system semiglobally stable. The effectiveness of controller is demonstrated by a ship simulation.
Preparation and Characterization of Polyamide‐6/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Microspheres
Authors: Zhang Na , Zhao Xingke , Fu Xubing , Zhao Dajiang , Yang Guisheng
Published: October 2019

An effective method of in‐situ anionic ring‐opening polymerization of caprolactam (CL) is adopted to prepare polyamide‐6 (PA6)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composite microspheres utilizing reaction‐induced phase inversion of polymer pairs PA6/polystyrene (PS) with the presence of graphene oxide (GO). The reduction of GO with CL as reducing agent in the preparation process of microspheres is studied in detail. The morphology, functional groups, crystallization properties and thermal stability of PA6‐based composite microspheres are analyzed by different techniques (i. e. SEM, TEM, FTIR, DSC and TGA). Results indicate that both crystallinity and melting temperature of PA6/RGO composite microspheres are improved by RGO inclusion, and the thermal property of PA6/RGO microspheres is obviously better than that of neat PA6 microspheres.
Pd(II) and Pt(II) Metallacycles with Unsymmetrical Ylide: Antiproliferative Effects and Application in Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol
Authors: Hashemi Mojdeh Sadat , Sabounchei Seyyed Javad , Karamian Roya , Moazzami Farida Seyed Hamed , Rahmani Nosrat , Roushani Mahmoud , Van Hecke Kristof
Published: October 2019

New Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes are described in which the multidentate phosphorus ylides [Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2=C(H)C(O)C6H4‐p‐OCH3] (n=1, (Y1); n=2, (Y2)) act as P,C chelating ligands. The chelating ability of these ligands resulted in the formation of [MBr2{K2(P,C)‐Y1}] (M=Pd (1), Pt (2)); [MBr2{K2(P,C)‐Y2}] (M=Pd (3), Pt (4) complexes, which were investigated using physicochemical techniques. X‐ray diffraction studies of a single crystal of complex 2 confirmed the structure of the five‐membered ring. Owing to the redox activity of phosphorus‐ylide complexes, their electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of methanol has been studied. All compounds were found to possess the anti‐proliferative potency against MCF‐7 (breast carcinoma), A549 (non‐small lung carcinoma) and AGS (gastric carcinoma) cell lines with average IC50 values in the range of 14.53 to 287.92 μM. In general, the compounds Y1, Y2, 2, and 3 displayed high anticancer activities compared to 1 and 4. The antioxidant activity of the compounds, which was estimated by 1, 1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, was moderate to strong with IC50 values in the range 0.18 to 0.59 mg mL−1.
Effect of Substitutions on 1, 4‐Dihdropyridines to Achieve Potential Anti‐Microbial Drugs: A Review
Authors: Malhi Dharambeer S. , Kaur Manvinder , Sohal Harvinder S.
Published: October 2019

1,4‐Dihydropyridines shows good to excellent activity against various microbial strains and their activity can be moulded to the desired extent. Electron withdrawing aromatic groups at position C‐4, esters on C‐3 & C‐5, and small alkyl groups on C‐2 & C‐6 are the best substitutions to achieve potent anti‐microbial drug. Understanding this concept a new age anti‐microbial agents can be synthesized with next level of potency.
The Structure and Properties of a Novel Hydroxyl‐Terminated Hyperbranched Polymer for Inhibiting Shale Hydration
Authors: Wang Hao , Pu Xiaolin
Published: October 2019

To inhibit the hydration and dispersion of shale, a hydroxyl‐terminated hyperbranched polymer (β‐CD‐HBP‐OH) was synthesized by the green raw materials: β–cyclodextrin and glycerol carbonate. The chemical structure of β‐CD‐HBP‐OH was characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐NMR and 13C‐NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). As an inhibitor, β‐CD‐HBP‐OH possessed smaller hydrodynamic radius with less chain entanglement, demonstrating favourable rheology properties. The dominated hyperbranched structure and terminal hydroxyl groups of β‐CD‐HBP‐OH improved the inhibition by uniform adsorption and bridging. The recovery rates of shale cuttings were higher than 50% when β‐CD‐HBP‐OH exceed 1 wt %. The Zeta potential absolute values of the base slurry were reduced from 40.9 mV to 13.4 mV by β‐CD‐HBP‐OH's adsorption. The particle size of the base slurry was also increased from 2.017 μm to 4.026 μm by bridging effect. The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) suggested β‐CD‐HBP‐OH decreased the water content of bentonite from 8.04% to 0.59%. Upon scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, more assemble bentonite aggregates were observable after β‐CD‐HBP‐OH treatment. Finally, the interaction between bentonite and β‐CD‐HBP‐OH was further confirmed by the FT‐IR spectrum and the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum.