bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dichroic spin–valley photocurrent in monolayer molybdenum disulphide
Authors: Eginligil Mustafa , Cao Bingchen , Wang Zilong , Shen Xiaonan , Cong Chunxiao , Shang Jingzhi , Soci Cesare , Yu Ting
Published: July 2015

The aim of valleytronics is to exploit confinement of charge carriers in local valleys of the energy bands of semiconductors as an additional degree of freedom in optoelectronic devices. Thanks to strong direct excitonic transitions in spin-coupled K valleys, monolayer molybdenum disulphide is a rapidly emerging valleytronic material, with high valley polarization in photoluminescence. Here we elucidate the excitonic physics of this material by light helicity-dependent photocurrent studies of phototransistors. We demonstrate that large photocurrent dichroism (up to 60%) can also be achieved in high-quality molybdenum disulphide monolayers grown by chemical vapour deposition, due to the circular photogalvanic effect on resonant excitations. This opens up new opportunities for valleytonic applications in which selective control of spin–valley-coupled photocurrents can be used to implement polarization-sensitive light-detection schemes or integrated spintronic devices, as well as biochemical sensors operating at visible frequencies.
A germline mutation in SRRM2, a splicing factor gene, is implicated in papillary thyroid carcinoma predisposition
Authors: Tomsic Jerneja , He Huiling , Akagi Keiko , Liyanarachchi Sandya , Pan Qun , Bertani Blake , Nagy Rebecca , Symer David E. , Blencowe Benjamin J. , Chapelle Albert de la
Published: July 2015

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) displays strong but so far largely uncharacterized heritability. Here we studied genetic predisposition in a family with six affected individuals. We genotyped all available family members and conducted whole exome sequencing of blood DNA from two affected individuals. Haplotype analysis and other genetic criteria narrowed our list of candidates to a germline variant in the serine/arginine repetitive matrix 2 gene (SRRM2). This heterozygous variant, c.1037C > T (Ser346Phe or S346F; rs149019598) cosegregated with PTC in the family. It was not found in 138 other PTC families. It was found in 7/1,170 sporadic PTC cases and in 0/1,404 controls (p = 0.004). The encoded protein SRRM2 (also called SRm300) is part of the RNA splicing machinery. To evaluate the possibility that the S346F missense mutation affects alternative splicing, we compared RNA-Seq data in leukocytes from three mutation carriers and three controls. Significant differences in alternative splicing were identified for 1,642 exons, of which a subset of 7 exons was verified experimentally. The results confirmed a higher ratio of inclusion of exons in mutation carriers. These data suggest that the S346F mutation in SRRM2 predisposes to PTC by affecting alternative splicing of unidentified downstream target genes.
Resistance of R-Ras knockout mice to skin tumour induction
Authors: May Ulrike , Prince Stuart , Vähätupa Maria , Laitinen Anni M. , Nieminen Katriina , Uusitalo-Järvinen Hannele , Järvinen Tero A. H.
Published: July 2015

The R-ras gene encodes a small GTPase that is a member of the Ras family. Despite close sequence similarities, R-Ras is functionally distinct from the prototypic Ras proteins; no transformative activity and no activating mutations of R-Ras in human malignancies have been reported for it. R-Ras activity appears inhibitory towards tumour proliferation and invasion and to promote cellular quiescence. Contrary to this, using mice with a deletion of the R-ras gene, we found that R-Ras facilitates DMBA/TPA-induced skin tumour induction. The tumours appeared in wild-type (WT) mice on average 6 weeks earlier than in R-Ras knockout (R-Ras KO) mice. WT mice developed almost 6 times more tumours than R-Ras KO mice. Despite strong R-Ras protein expression in the dermal blood vessels, no R-Ras could be detected in the epidermis from where the tumours arose. The DMBA/TPA skin tumourigenesis-model is highly dependent upon inflammation and we found a greatly attenuated skin inflammatory response to DMBA/TPA-treatment in the R-Ras KO mice in the context of leukocyte infiltration and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Thus, these data suggest that despite its characterised role in promoting cellular quiescence, R-Ras is pro-tumourigenic in the DMBA/TPA tumour model and important for the inflammatory response to DMBA/TPA treatment.
Herbal formula, Scutellariae radix and Rhei rhizoma attenuate dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver fibrosis in a rat model
Authors: Pan Tai-Long , Wang Pei-Wen , Huang Chun-Hsun , Leu Yann-Lii , Wu Tung-Ho , Wu Yun-Ru , You Jyh-Sheng
Published: July 2015

The bioactive components extracted from Scutellariae radix and Rhei rhizoma (SR) have been commonly used to treat liver diseases. The aim of this study was to verify the underlying mechanisms and antifibrotic effects of ethanol extract from the herbal combinatorial formula (SRE) in a dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-administered rat model, with functional proteome tools. Our results indicated that the hepatic collagen content and alpha-smooth muscle actin expression were obviously alleviated by treatment with SRE. Comprehensive proteomics revealed global protein changes and the network analysis implied that SRE application would attenuate oxidative stress and cytoskeleton dysregulation caused by DMN exposure. Next, marked downregulation of antioxidant enzymes mediated by DMN treatment was restored in the presence of SRE, while SRE treatment contributed to decreased MDA content. Moreover, protein carbonylation and DNA adduction induced by oxidative stress finally leading to liver injury were also reduced under SRE administration. These findings demonstrate that SRE could effectively prevent hepatic fibrosis mainly through regulating the redox status and subsequently modulating the modification of intracellular molecules. Our experiments might help in developing novel therapeutic strategies against oxidation-caused liver diseases.
Exaggerated perception of facial expressions is increased in individuals with schizotypal traits
Authors: Uono Shota , Sato Wataru , Toichi Motomi
Published: July 2015

Emotional facial expressions are indispensable communicative tools and social interactions involving facial expressions are impaired in some psychiatric disorders. Recent studies revealed that the perception of dynamic facial expressions was exaggerated in normal participants and this exaggerated perception is weakened in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Based on the notion that ASD and schizophrenia spectrum disorder are at two extremes of the continuum with respect to social impairment, we hypothesized that schizophrenic characteristics would strengthen the exaggerated perception of dynamic facial expressions. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the relationship between the perception of facial expressions and schizotypal traits in a normal population. We presented dynamic and static facial expressions and asked participants to change an emotional face display to match the perceived final image. The presence of schizotypal traits was positively correlated with the degree of exaggeration for dynamic, as well as static, facial expressions. Among its subscales, the paranoia trait was positively correlated with the exaggerated perception of facial expressions. These results suggest that schizotypal traits, specifically the tendency to over-attribute mental states to others, exaggerate the perception of emotional facial expressions.
Analysis of farmland fragmentation in China Modernization Demonstration Zone since “Reform and Openness”: a case study of South Jiangsu Province
Authors: Cheng Liang , Xia Nan , Jiang Penghui , Zhong Lishan , Pian Yuzhe , Duan Yuewei , Huang Qiuhao , Li Manchun
Published: July 2015

Farmland is a fundamental resource for human survival and development. However, farmland fragmentation has become a serious problem, causing ecological damage and low crop production efficiency in many parts of the world. Based on remote sensing and socioeconomic data, we used landscape pattern indices, Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) and Markov chain models to analyze the temporal and spatial pattern changes in farmland in South Jiangsu Province (the first “Modernization Demonstration Zone” in China) during 1985–2010. Our results demonstrated that the total farmland area decreased by ca. 24% and the farmland pattern became fragmented during 1985–2008: core farmland decreased and islet farmland increased. Additionally, the farmland patch density (PD) increased and three other landscape indices (NLSI, MESH and COHESION) showed significant decreases. Although the fragmentation rate slowed after 2008, the convergence rate to a stationary farmland distribution became faster and transitions tended to be less deterministic after 2000. Economic and population growth and policy changes positively contributed to this phenomenon. Therefore, the primary task of farmland protection should be to preserve contiguous farmlands and reduce scattered patches in order to promote farmland connectivity.
Identification of urine protein biomarkers with the potential for early detection of lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Hongjuan , Cao Jing , Li Lin , Liu Yanbin , Zhao Hong , Li Nan , Li Bo , Zhang Aiqun , Huang Huanwei , Chen She , Dong Mengqiu , Yu Lei , Zhang Jian , Chen Liang
Published: July 2015

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths and has an overall 5-year survival rate lower than 15%. Large-scale clinical trials have demonstrated a significant relative reduction in mortality in high-risk individuals with low-dose computed tomography screening. However, biomarkers capable of identifying the most at-risk population and detecting lung cancer before it becomes clinically apparent are urgently needed in the clinic. Here, we report the identification of urine biomarkers capable of detecting lung cancer. Using the well-characterized inducible Kras (G12D) mouse model of lung cancer, we identified alterations in the urine proteome in tumor-bearing mice compared with sibling controls. Marked differences at the proteomic level were also detected between the urine of patients and that of healthy population controls. Importantly, we identified 7 proteins commonly found to be significantly up-regulated in both tumor-bearing mice and patients. In an independent cohort, we showed that 2 of the 7 proteins were up-regulated in urine samples from lung cancer patients but not in those from controls. The kinetics of these proteins correlated with the disease state in the mouse model. These tumor biomarkers could potentially aid in the early detection of lung cancer.
Novel macromolecules derived from coumarin: synthesis and antioxidant activity
Authors: Al-Amiery Ahmed A. , Al-Majedy Yasameen K. , Kadhum Abdul Amir H. , Mohamad Abu Bakar
Published: July 2015

The rational design of 4-hydroxycoumarins with tailor-made antioxidant activities is required nowadays due to the wide variety of pharmacologically significant, structurally interesting of coumarins and researcher orientation toward green chemistry and natural products. A simple and unique coumarins have been achieved by reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin with aromatic aldehyde accompanied with the creation of a macromolecules have 2-aminothiazolidin-4-one. The molecular structures of the compounds were characterized by the Fourier transformation infrared and Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, in addition to CHN analysis. The scavenging abilities of new compounds against stable DPPH radical (DPPH•) and hydrogen peroxide were done and the results show that the compounds exhibited high antioxidant activates.
Carbon Quantum Dots for Zebrafish Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Kang Yan-Fei , Li Yu-Hao , Fang Yang-Wu , Xu Yang , Wei Xiao-Mi , Yin Xue-Bo
Published: July 2015

Carbon quantum dots (C-QDs) are becoming a desirable alternative to metal-based QDs and dye probes owing to their high biocompatibility, low toxicity, ease of preparation and unique photophysical properties. Herein, we describe fluorescence bioimaging of zebrafish using C-QDs as probe in terms of the preparation of C-QDs, zebrafish husbandry, embryo harvesting and introduction of C-QDs into embryos and larvae by soaking and microinjection. The multicolor of C-QDs was validated with their imaging for zebrafish embryo. The distribution of C-QDs in zebrafish embryos and larvae were successfully observed from their fluorescence emission. the bio-toxicity of C-QDs was tested with zebrafish as model and C-QDs do not interfere to the development of zebrafish embryo. All of the results confirmed the high biocompatibility and low toxicity of C-QDs as imaging probe. The absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion route (ADME) of C-QDs in zebrafish was revealed by their distribution. Our work provides the useful information for the researchers interested in studying with zebrafish as a model and the applications of C-QDs. The operations related zebrafish are suitable for the study of the toxicity, adverse effects, transport and biocompatibility of nanomaterials as well as for drug screening with zebrafish as model.
Cantharidin represses invasion of pancreatic cancer cells
through accelerated degradation of MMP2 mRNA
Authors: Shen Meng , Wu Meng-Yao , Chen Long-Pei , Zhi Qiaoming , Gong Fei-Ran , Chen Kai , Li Dao-Ming , Wu Yadi , Tao Min , Li Wei
Published: July 2015

Cantharidin is an active constituent of mylabris, a traditional Chinese medicine
and is a potent and selective inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) that plays
an important role in cell cycle control, apoptosis and cell-fate determination. In
the present study, we found that cantharidin repressed the invasive ability of
pancreatic cancer cells and downregulated matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2)
expression through multiple pathways, including ERK, JNK, PKC, NF-κB and β-catenin.
Interestingly, transcriptional activity of the MMP2 promoter increased after
treatment with PP2A inhibitors, suggesting the involvement of a posttranscriptional
mechanism. By using an mRNA stability assay, we found accelerated degradation of
MMP2 mRNA after treatment of cantharidin. Microarray analyses revealed that multiple
genes involved in the 3'→5' decay pathway were upregulated, especially genes
participating in cytoplasmic deadenylation. The elevation of these genes were
further demonstrated to be executed through ERK, JNK, PKC, NF-κB and β-catenin
pathways. Knockdown of PARN, RHAU and CNOT7, three critical members involved in
cytoplasmic deadenylation, attenuated the downregulation of MMP2. Hence, we present
the mechanism of repressed invasion by cantharidin and other PP2A inhibitors through
increased degradation of MMP2 mRNA by elevated cytoplasmic deadenylation.
Poly(thymine)-templated fluorescent copper nanoparticles for label-free detection of N-acetylcysteine in pharmaceutical samples
Authors: Wang Hai-Bo , Zhang Hong-Ding , Chen Ying , Ou Li-Juan , Liu Yan-Ming
Published: July 2015

A simple, label-free, sensitive fluorescence sensing strategy is reported for N-acetylcysteine detection by using poly T-templated Cu NPs as fluorescent probes.
A novel hapten and monoclonal-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 3-methyl-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid in edible animal tissues
Authors: Zhang Xiya , Peng Dapeng , Pan Yuanhu , Wang Yulian , Chen Dongmei , Zhou Qi , Liu Zhenli , Yuan Zonghui
Published: July 2015

To monitor the illegal use of olaquindox (OLA) in animals, a novel hapten and monoclonal antibody for 3-methyl-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (MQCA), the marker residue for OLA, had been produced.
Organic solvent-free matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) for determination of synthetic colorants in chilli powder by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV)
Authors: Chen Jun-hua , Zhou Guang-ming , Qin Hong-ying , Gao Yi , Peng Gui-long
Published: July 2015

A green and simple organic solvent-free matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) was developed and applied to the extraction of four synthetic colorants (amaranth, sunset yellow, allura red and erythrosine) in chilli samples.
A carbosilane dendrimer bonded silica as the stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Bao James J. , Sun Chaohui , Li Youxin , Yuan Ruijuan , Xu Hui , chen Guowen , Feng Shengyu
Published: July 2015

A novel carbosilane dendrimer bonded silica (G2-silica) was synthesized and evaluated as a potential chromatographic resin.
Cerium-based metal organic frameworks with UiO-66 architecture: synthesis, properties and redox catalytic activity
Authors: Lammert Martin , Wharmby Michael T. , Smolders Simon , Bueken Bart , Lieb Alexandra , Lomachenko Kirill A. , Vos Dirk De , Stock Norbert
Published: July 2015

A series of nine Ce(iv)-based metal organic frameworks with the UiO-66 structure containing linker molecules of different sizes and functionalities were obtained under mild synthesis conditions and short reaction times.
Porous graphene to encapsulate Na6.24Fe4.88(P2O7)4 as composite cathode materials for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Niu Yubin , Xu Maowen , Bao Shu-Juan , Li Chang Ming
Published: July 2015

Na6.24Fe4.88(P2O7)4@porous graphene composite is fabricated as a cathode of Na-ion batteries for the first time by a hydrothermally assisted sol–gel process.
A facile formal [2+1] cycloaddition of styrenes with alpha-bromocarbonyls catalyzed by copper: efficient synthesis of donor–acceptor cyclopropanes
Authors: Nishikata Takashi , Noda Yushi , Fujimoto Ryo , Ishikawa Shingo
Published: July 2015

The reaction of alpha-bromocarbonyls and styrenes underwent a formal [2+1] cycloaddition to produce donor–acceptor cyclopropanes.
A fluorescent probe for ecstasy
Authors: Masseroni D. , Biavardi E. , Genovese D. , Rampazzo E. , Prodi L. , Dalcanale E.
Published: July 2015

A novel nanoarchitecture based on a pyrene-decorated tetraphosphonate cavitand embedded in nanoparticles is reported, which is able to sense the whole class of methamphetamines and related designer drugs in water, but gives a unique, distinctive, response towards ecstasy.
Revisiting the carbonyl n → π* electronic excitation through topological eyes: expanding, enriching and enhancing the chemical language using electron number distribution functions and domain averaged Fermi holes
Authors: Ferro-Costas David , Francisco Evelio , Pendás Ángel Martín , Mosquera Ricardo A.
Published: July 2015

Interpretations of the S0 → S1 transition in formaldehyde arising from the DAFH analysis.
Correction: Plasmonics in the ultraviolet with the poor metals Al, Ga, In, Sn, Tl, Pb, and Bi
Authors: McMahon Jeffrey M. , Schatz George C. , Gray Stephen K.
Published: July 2015

Correction for ‘Plasmonics in the ultraviolet with the poor metals Al, Ga, In, Sn, Tl, Pb, and Bi’ by Jeffrey M. McMahon et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2013, 15, 5415–5423.
Multi-shelled hollow micro-/nanostructures
Authors: Qi Jian , Lai Xiaoyong , Wang Jiangyan , Tang Hongjie , Ren Hao , Yang Yu , Jin Quan , Zhang Lijuan , Yu Ranbo , Ma Guanghui , Su Zhiguo , Zhao Huijun , Wang Dan
Published: July 2015

Recent advances in multi-shelled hollow micro-/nanostructures were reviewed, and the correlation between their geometric properties and specific performance was highlighted.
Solvent-free synthesis of new metal phosphate–oxalates: influence of different metal ions on the framework structures
Authors: Luan Lindong , Yang Meng , Bian Yixuan , Lin Zhien , Huang Hui
Published: July 2015

The influence of different metal ions on the framework structures was investigated under solvent-free conditions, which gave rise to six new metal phosphate–oxalates with mmt, ins, fsd, and hcb topologies, respectively.
First turnover analysis of water-oxidation catalyzed by Co-oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Koroidov Sergey , Anderlund Magnus F. , Styring Stenbjörn , Thapper Anders , Messinger Johannes
Published: July 2015

This paper establishes mass spectrometric ‘First Turnover Analysis’ after rapid H218O-labelling as method for deriving the mechanism of water oxidation.
Physicochemical and ion-binding properties of highly aliphatic humic substances extracted from deep sedimentary groundwater
Authors: Saito Takumi , Terashima Motoki , Aoyagi Noboru , Nagao Seiya , Fujitake Nobuhide , Ohnuki Toshihiko
Published: July 2015

We have revealed distinctive physicochemical and ion-binding properties of humic and fulvic acids from deep sedimentary groundwater.
Agent-based model of angiogenesis simulates capillary sprout initiation in multicellular networks
Authors: Walpole J. , Chappell J. C. , Cluceru J. G. , Mac Gabhann F. , Bautch V. L. , Peirce S. M.
Published: July 2015

We developed an agent-based model of endothelial sprout initiations based on time-lapse confocal imaging in vitro that outperforms Monte Carlo simulations, suggesting that sprout location and frequency are not purely stochastic behaviors.
A DFT and QTAIM study of the novel d-block metal complexes with tetraoxa[8]circulene-based ligands
Authors: Karaush Nataliya N. , Baryshnikov Gleb V. , Minaeva Valentina A. , Minaev Boris F.
Published: July 2015

The transition metal complexes with the tetraoxa[8]circulene-based ligand are designed. The complexation process strictly depends on matching of the d-metal cation size to the size of the tetraoxa[8]circulene formed cavity.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and DNA-binding studies of different coordinate binuclear silver(i) complexes with benzimidazole open-chain ether ligands
Authors: Wu Huilu , Zhang Jiawen , Chen Chengyong , Zhang Han , Peng Hongping , Wang Fei , Yang Zaihui
Published: July 2015

Three new binuclear silver(i) complexes with bis-benzimidazole ligands have been developed and they bind to CT-DNA in an intercalation mode.
Directly correlating the strain-induced electronic property change to the chirality of individual single-walled and few-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Ning Zhiyuan , Chen Qing , Wei Jiake , Zhang Rufan , Ye Linhui , Wei Xianlong , Fu Mengqi , Guo Yao , Bai Xuedong , Wei Fei
Published: July 2015

The experimentally measured strain-induced band gap changes of CNTs are found to be obviously larger than the theoretical predictions.
Excess titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the cell surface induce cytotoxicity by hindering ion exchange and disrupting exocytosis processes
Authors: Wang Yanli , Yao Chenjie , Li Chenchen , Ding Lin , Liu Jian , Dong Peng , Fang Haiping , Lei Zhendong , Shi Guosheng , Wu Minghong
Published: July 2015

Excess nanoparticles on the cell surface hindering ion exchange and disrupting exocytosis processes are the major triggers of cytotoxicity.
Functionalising the azobenzene motif delivers a light-responsive membrane-interactive compound with the potential for photodynamic therapy applications
Authors: Hester Theodore J. , Dennison Sarah R. , Baker Matthew J. , Snape Timothy J.
Published: July 2015

A light-responsive azobenzene derivative provides a membrane-interactive compound with the potential for photodynamic therapy applications.
One-shot access to α,β-difunctionalized azepenes and dehydropiperidines by reductive cross-coupling of α-selenonyl-β-selenyl enamides with organic bromides
Authors: Beng Timothy K. , Silaire Ann Wens V. , Alwali Amir , Bassler Daniel P.
Published: July 2015

A high-yielding synthesis of vicinally functionalized azepenes and dehydropiperidines has been achieved through cobalt-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling of novel α-selenonyl-β-selenyl enamides with cheap organic bromides.
Cure kinetics and physical properties of poly(dicyclopentadiene/5-ethylidene-2-norbornene) initiated by different Grubbs' catalysts
Authors: Yang Guang , Mauldin Timothy C. , Lee Jong Keun
Published: July 2015

Cure kinetics ofendo-dicyclopentadiene (DCPD)/5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB) blends with 1stand 2ndgeneration Grubbs' catalysts were characterized using dynamic differential scanning calorimetry.
Selone behavior towards palladium(ii) extraction with hydrophobic ionic liquids and mechanism studies
Authors: Wang Chen , Tong Yu , Huang Yixian , Zhang Hong , Yang Yanzhao
Published: July 2015

The first evaluation and mechanism studies of selone for palladium extraction.
An electrochemical chiral sensor for tryptophan enantiomers based on reduced graphene oxide/1,10-phenanthroline copper(ii) functional composites
Authors: Gou Hao , He Jingxian , Mo Zunli , Wei Xiaojiao , Hu Rere , Wang Yawei
Published: July 2015

An electrochemical chiral sensor based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) non-covalently functionalized with 1,10-phenanthroline copper(ii) (PhenCu) complex has been developed for electrochemical discrimination of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers.
Chiral defects on single-handed helical Ta2O5 nanotubes prepared using a supramolecular templating approach
Authors: Zhang Chuanyong , Wang Yong , Qin Jiaming , Li Baozong , Li Yi , Yang Yonggang
Published: July 2015

Chiral point defects were responsible for the optical chirality of the single-handed helical Ta2O5 nanotubes prepared using a supramolecular templating approach.
Mixed amido-cyclopentadienyl group 4 metal complexes
Authors: Havlík Aleš , Lamač Martin , Pinkas Jiří , Růžička Aleš , Horáček Michal
Published: July 2015

Two different kinds of nitrogen ligands and two Cp ligands with different electronic and steric effects were employed in order to demonstrate variability of the group 4 metal coordination spheres.
Recent advances in multicomponent reactions involving carbohydrates
Authors: Khan Md. Musawwer , Yousuf Raveed , Khan Sarfaraz , Shafiullah Shafiullah
Published: July 2015

Being an attractive class of naturally occurring molecules with fascinating properties, sugars and their derivatives have wide applications in different fields especially in drug discovery.
An effective way to imprint protein with the preservation of template structure by using a macromolecule as the functional monomer
Authors: Qian Liwei , Hu Xiaoling , Guan Ping , Wang Dan , Li Ji , Du Chunbao , Song Renyuan
Published: July 2015

A novel strategy of using a macromolecular functional monomer to stabilize and imprint protein was proposed for the first time.
Functional modification mediated value addition of seaweed polysaccharides – a perspective
Authors: Siddhanta A. K. , Sanandiya Naresh D. , Chejara Dharmesh R. , Kondaveeti Stalin
Published: July 2015

Value addition of seaweed polysaccharides by their functional modification with various substrates leading to new effects.
Control of co-existing phases and charge transport in a nanostructured manganite film by field effects with an electric double layer as the gate dielectric
Authors: Nath Rajib , Raychaudhuri A. K.
Published: July 2015

We report bipolar control of co-existing phases in a nanostructured film of manganite. The field-effect-induced charge alters the characteristic temperatures and the relative fraction of the co-existing phases with an exponential dependence on the gate bias.
Recent advances in graphene/polyamide 6 composites: a review
Authors: Fu Xubing , Yao Chenguang , Yang Guisheng
Published: July 2015

This paper reviews recent years’ (2009–2015) advances in graphene/PA6 nanocomposites for the first time.
Controllable green synthesis of Cu2O nanocrystals with shape evolution from octahedra to truncated octahedra
Authors: Zheng Haiyan , Li Qing , Yang Chunmei , Lin Hua , Nie Ming , Qin Lizhao , Li Yuan
Published: July 2015

An effective and green route to Cu2O nanocrystals with shape evolution from octahedra to truncated octahedra was successfully achieved.
Multicomponent synthesis of novel hybrid PHQ-fatty acids
Authors: Fontecha-Tarazona H. D. , Brinkerhoff R. C. , de Oliveira P. M. , Rosa S. B. , Flores D. C. , Montes D'Oca C. Da R. , Russowsky D. , Montes D'Oca M. G.
Published: July 2015

Multicomponent reactions as methods for green synthesis are important pathways for obtaining pharmacological compounds.
High-efficiency photo- and electro-catalytic material based on a basket-like {Sr⊂P6Mo18O73} cage
Authors: Yu Kai , Zhang He , Lv Jing-hua , Gong Li-hong , Wang Chun-mei , Wang Lu , Wang Chun-xiao , Zhou Bai-bin
Published: July 2015

The first 8-connected 2D layer based on basket-liked {Sr⊂P6Mo18O73} cage was prepared, which exhibits high-efficient photodegradation ability for MB, RhB, and AP under visible and UV light, as well as bifunctional electrocatalytic behavior.
Electrochemistry of actinides on reduced graphene oxide: craving for the simultaneous voltammetric determination of uranium and plutonium in nuclear fuel
Authors: Guin Saurav K. , Ambolikar Arvind S. , Kamat J. V.
Published: July 2015

Schematic representation of the interference of Pu(iv) in the voltammetric determination of U in a mixed U–Pu solution in 1 M H2SO4.
SeO2 in water: a mild and efficient promoter for deprotection of acetyl, methoxymethyl and tetrahydropyranyl ethers and sequel oxidation of methyl/methylene carbons of alpha carbonyl carbon
Authors: Pathe Gulab Khushalrao , Ahmed Naseem
Published: July 2015

SeO2 in water is found as mild and efficient promoter for the deprotection of acetyl, tetrahydropyranyl, methoxymethyl ethers and sequel oxidation of methyl/methylene carbons of alpha carbonyl carbon.
Generation of ArS-substituted flavone derivatives using aryl thiols as sulfenylating agents
Authors: Zhao Wannian , Xie Ping , Bian Zhaogang , Zhou Aihua , Ge Haibo , Niu Ben , Ding Yingcai
Published: July 2015

The regioselective and metal-free sulfenylation of flavones was achieved under aerobic conditions with ammonium iodide as an inducer.
Compressed sodalite-like MgH6 as a potential high-temperature superconductor
Authors: Feng Xiaolei , Zhang Jurong , Gao Guoying , Liu Hanyu , Wang Hui
Published: July 2015

First-principles calculations predicted a MgH6 phase with a high superconducting critical temperature of ∼260 K under high pressure.
Degradation performance of a Keggin type Zn–Mo–Zr catalyst for acidic green B with ultrasonic waves
Authors: Zhang Zhihong , Liao Zhipeng , Zhang Gehong
Published: July 2015

A heteropolyacid salt, Na6[Zn(Mo11ZrO39)]·20H2O, with a Keggin structure of the 1 : 1 : 11 series was synthesized via a classic acidification method. Acidic green B was used to examine its degradation performance, which was promoted by ultrasonic waves.
Direct insight into crystallization and stability of hybrid perovskite CH3NH3PbI3via solvothermal synthesis
Authors: Chen Ying , Yang Shuang , Chen Xiao , Zheng Yi Chu , Hou Yu , Li Yu Hang , Zeng Hui Dan , Yang Hua Gui
Published: July 2015

We report a one-pot solvothermal approach to synthesize cuboid shaped CH3NH3PbI3 single crystals. Growth and dissolution phenomena of perovskite crystals were discovered for the first time under solvothermal conditions.
Fabrication and structural optimization of porous single-crystal α-Fe2O3 microrices for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Yu Bao Zhi , Liu Xiao Li , Zhang Hui Gang , Jing Guang Yin , Ma Pei , Luo Yane , Xue Wei Ming , Ren Zhao Yu , Fan Hai Ming
Published: July 2015

Porous α-Fe2O3 microrices have been prepared as a model system to study the effect of structural optimization of porous microstructures on LIB performance.
Photocatalytic hydrogen generation on bifunctional ternary heterostructured In2S3/MoS2/CdS composites with high activity and stability under visible light irradiation
Authors: Jiang Wenjun , Liu Yanfang , Zong Ruilong , Li Zhanping , Yao Wenqing , Zhu Yongfa
Published: July 2015

Schematic illustration of charge transfer and separation on the ternary heterostructures under visible light.
Polymeric multifunctional nanomaterials for theranostics
Authors: Peng Haisheng , Liu Xiaoying , Wang Guangtian , Li Minghui , Bratlie Kaitlin M. , Cochran Eric , Wang Qun
Published: July 2015

Various applications of polymeric multifunctional nanomaterials for theranostics.
The effect of azobenzene derivatives on UV-responsive organic thin-film transistors with a 2,7-dipentylbenzo[b]benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]thiophene semiconductor
Authors: Smithson C. S. , Ljubic D. , Wu Y. , Zhu S.
Published: July 2015

Azobenzene derivatives with different substituents dramatically impact the photoresponsive behavior of organic thin-film transistors with a benzothiophene semiconductor.
Recent progress in luminescent liquid crystal materials: design, properties and application for linearly polarised emission
Authors: Wang Yafei , Shi Junwei , Chen Jianhua , Zhu Weiguo , Baranoff Etienne
Published: July 2015

Fluorescent and phosphorescent liquid crystalline materials are reviewed with a focus on their application in polarised OLEDs.
On the Varied and Complex Factors Affecting Gender Diverse People's Vocal Situations: Implications for Clinical Practice
Authors: Azul David
Published: July 2015

Gender diverse people who do not or do not only identify with the gender category assigned to them at birth may experience various difficulties with their vocal communication. In this paper, I will explore the different needs and expectations with regards to professional voice support in this population and outline the implications for clinical practice. In my discussion, I will draw on an understanding of gender diverse people's vocal situations that is informed by constructionist theories of gender and by changes to the conceptualization of gender diversity included in the seventh version of the Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People (Coleman et al., 2012). This theoretical perspective calls attention to a range of factors voice clinicians need to consider when planning and implementing intervention with gender diverse people. The most important of these factors are the client's subjective gender positioning or identity, the client's preferences for and against treatment options, and the extent to which the different treatment options can be regarded as suitable for developing the client's vocal gender presentation and improving the agreement between how the client wishes to be perceived and addressed in terms of gender and the gender attributions the client receives from others.
Automatic classifier based on heart rate variability to identify fallers among hypertensive subjects
Authors: Melillo Paolo , Jovic Alan , De Luca Nicola , Pecchia Leandro
Published: July 2015

Accidental falls are a major problem of later life. Different technologies to predict falls have been investigated, but with limited success, mainly because of low specificity due to a high false positive rate. This Letter presents an automatic classifier based on heart rate variability (HRV) analysis with the goal to identify fallers automatically. HRV was used in this study as it is considered a good estimator of autonomic nervous system (ANS) states, which are responsible, among other things, for human balance control. Nominal 24 h electrocardiogram recordings from 168 cardiac patients (age 72 ± 8 years, 60 female), of which 47 were fallers, were investigated. Linear and nonlinear HRV properties were analysed in 30 min excerpts. Different data mining approaches were adopted and their performances were compared with a subject‐based receiver operating characteristic analysis. The best performance was achieved by a hybrid algorithm, RUSBoost, integrated with feature selection method based on principal component analysis, which achieved satisfactory specificity and accuracy (80 and 72%, respectively), but low sensitivity (51%). These results suggested that ANS states causing falls could be reliably detected, but also that not all the falls were due to ANS states.
Complexity–consistency trade‐off in multi‐attribute decision making for vertical handover in heterogeneous wireless networks
Authors: Chinnappan Amali , Balasubramanian Ramachandran
Published: July 2015

The future wireless communication systems require an intelligent and service adaptive network selection to perform vertical handover (HO) in heterogeneous environments. Since multiple parameters are considered to select the best suitable network, reducing the complexity in multi‐attribute decision making algorithm becomes apparent. In the proposed scheme, fuzzy logic controllers are used to estimate the necessity of HO and to determine the user satisfaction degree based on the critical parameters, such as mobile terminal speed, network load and service cost. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the weights of each attribute according to the traffic. Since it handles the uncertainty and vagueness in mapping the user preference to the priority scales, consistency level of network selection can be improved. Quality of service factor is calculated for each network by processing the weighted decision matrix using principal component analysis. Simulation results show that proposed scheme can ensure the best network selection by providing trade‐off between complexity and consistency.
The embodied mind: when biology meets culture and society
Authors: Bondebjerg Ib
Published: July 2015

Since the 1980s the study of the brain has developed from being a primarily biological field to a significant interdisciplinary area with a strong influence on the humanities and social sciences. In this article I describe fundamental elements in what I call the embodied mind paradigm, and new understanding of the relation between mind, body and emotions. The new paradigm challenges certain notions of constructivism in the humanities and social sciences, but also opens up fruitful venues for new interdisciplinary research. Here I outline such possibilities in the particular areas of linguistics, philosophy, sociology and film studies. This article is published as part of an ongoing collection dedicated to interdisciplinary research.
High voltage breakdown induced by outgassing of space materials
Authors: Huang Jianguo , Liu Guoqing , Wang Zhihao , Jiang Lixiang , Yuan Xiaoxue , Liu Yenan , Deng Jiaxin , Yi Zhong
Published: July 2015

Increasing demand for higher voltage and power levels aboard spacecrafts requires space vacuum as insulator. A concerned issue for this is whether the outgassing of dielectric materials profusely used in spacecrafts can induce breakdown, and what, if it occurs, the mechanism and characteristics are. In this paper, low pressure breakdown induced by outgassing was investigated experimentally. It’s found that vacuum breakdown is significantly facilitated by the outgassing of dielectric materials. Measurements of Paschen’s curves for typical outgassing samples show that significant decrease of breakdown voltage occurs in high vacuum region due to increase of local pressure from outgassed products. Another important mechanism that affects the breakdown voltage is the electrode surface contamination by the outgassed components. Primary models with these mechanisms taken into account are described and the model calculations agree well with the measurements. Both experimental findings and theoretical analysis indicate that outgassing of space materials is a potentially important threat to high voltage systems with vacuum as insulation.
Pregnancy scanning can be used as a source of data for genetic evaluation of reproductive traits of ewes
Authors: Bunter Kim L. , Swan Andrew A. , Purvis Ian W. , Brown Daniel
Published: July 2015

Reproductive traits generated from mothering up lambs to ewes (n = 59 603 records) were compared with data resulting from pregnancy scanning (n = 46 663 records), to examine the consistency between the two data sources for deriving specific reproductive traits and to estimate genetic parameters. The reproductive traits considered were fertility (FERT: 0/1) of ewes joined, total litter size (LSIZE: lambs born), the number of lambs surviving at weaning (LSIZEW: lambs weaned) and the percentage of lambs surviving (LSURV = LSIZEW/LSIZE) for ewes that lambed, along with the composite traits number of lambs born (NLB) and number weaned (NLW) for ewes joined. Corresponding trait values were derived from pregnancy scan data (FERT_S, LSIZE_S and NLB_S) for comparison, and were classified as inconsistent if the trait values did not match from scanning and lambing records. Data were obtained from four flocks, representing different time frames, locations, management and breeds or bloodlines. Each flock recorded scan data separately from lambing outcomes. Genetic parameters were estimated separately within each flock. Average levels of inconsistency between scan- and lambing-data values varied between 4.6% and 14.8% across flocks, tending to be highest (9.1–18.5%) for litter size of ewes scanned with multiple fetuses, and lowest (0.29–7.3%) for assignment of fertility. Inconsistencies did not have a significant impact on estimates of trait heritabilities, suggesting recording errors were independent of genetic merit. In three flocks, the genetic correlations (ra) between comparable traits derived from the different data sources were not different from unity (ra ≥ 0.99) even when phenotypic correlations (rp) were lower (rp ≥ 0.84). In the flock with the highest inconsistency rate between data sources, the range in ra varied between 0.60 (fertility) and 1.0 (litter size). Therefore, pregnancy scan data can be directly substituted for reproductive traits traditionally based on lambing data, but attention should be paid to ensuring accuracy of the data sources used. Scan data also provide no information on lamb-survival outcomes after birth, so does not constitute complete data on reproductive outcomes. Genetic evaluation systems might also benefit from fine tuning for scale-induced effects (due to litter size) on parameters to improve the accuracy of across flock prediction of breeding values for reproductive traits.
Sources and implications of bias and uncertainty in a century of US wildfire activity data
Authors: Short Karen C.
Published: July 2015

Analyses to identify and relate trends in wildfire activity to factors such as climate, population, land use or land cover and wildland fire policy are increasingly popular in the United States. There is a wealth of US wildfire activity data available for such analyses, but users must be aware of inherent reporting biases, inconsistencies and uncertainty in the data in order to maximise the integrity and utility of their work. Data for analysis are generally acquired from archival summary reports of the federal or interagency fire organisations; incident-level wildfire reporting systems of the federal, state and local fire services; and, increasingly, remote-sensing programs. This paper provides an overview of each of these sources and the major reporting biases, inconsistencies and uncertainty within them. Use of national fire reporting systems by state and local fire organisations has been rising in recent decades, providing an improved set of incident-level (documentary) data for all-lands analyses of wildfire activity. A recent effort to compile geospatial documentary fire records for the USA for 1992–2013 has been completed. The resulting dataset has been evaluated for completeness using archival summary reports and includes a linkage to a widely used, remotely sensed wildfire perimeter dataset.
A lipid switch unlocks Parkinson’s disease-associated ATP13A2
Authors: Holemans Tine , Sørensen Danny Mollerup , van Veen Sarah , Martin Shaun , Hermans Diane , Kemmer Gerdi Christine , Van den Haute Chris , Baekelandt Veerle , Günther Pomorski Thomas , Agostinis Patrizia , Wuytack Frank , Palmgren Michael , Eggermont Jan , Vangheluwe Peter
Published: July 2015

Significance

ATP13A2 is a lysosomal transporter that is genetically linked to an autosomal recessive variant of Parkinson’s disease and confers protection against α-synuclein toxicity in neurons. Here we show that an N-terminal hydrophobic domain of ATP13A2 specifically recognizes signaling lipids. Interactions with these signaling lipids enhance cytoprotection to mitochondrial stress. This study provides essential information for establishing the lysosomal function of ATP13A2 and suggests a therapeutic applicability in activating ATP13A2.
Cell-based screen for altered nuclear phenotypes reveals senescence progression in polyploid cells after Aurora kinase B inhibition
Authors: Sadaie Mahito , Dillon Christian , Narita Masashi , Young Andrew R. J. , Cairney Claire J. , Godwin Lauren S. , Torrance Christopher J. , Bennett Dorothy C. , Keith W. Nicol , Narita Masashi
Published: July 2015

Cellular senescence is a widespread stress response and is widely considered to be an alternative cancer therapeutic goal. Unlike apoptosis, senescence is composed of a diverse set of subphenotypes, depending on which of its associated effector programs are engaged. Here we establish a simple and sensitive cell-based prosenescence screen with detailed validation assays. We characterize the screen using a focused tool compound kinase inhibitor library. We identify a series of compounds that induce different types of senescence, including a unique phenotype associated with irregularly shaped nuclei and the progressive accumulation of G1 tetraploidy in human diploid fibroblasts. Downstream analyses show that all of the compounds that induce tetraploid senescence inhibit Aurora kinase B (AURKB). AURKB is the catalytic component of the chromosome passenger complex, which is involved in correct chromosome alignment and segregation, the spindle assembly checkpoint, and cytokinesis. Although aberrant mitosis and senescence have been linked, a specific characterization of AURKB in the context of senescence is still required. This proof-of-principle study suggests that our protocol is capable of amplifying tetraploid senescence, which can be observed in only a small population of oncogenic RAS-induced senescence, and provides additional justification for AURKB as a cancer therapeutic target.
Kolmogorov complexity in the Milky Way and its reduction with warm dark matter
Authors: Neyrinck Mark C.
Published: July 2015

We discuss the Kolmogorov complexity of primordial patches that collapse to form galaxies like the Milky Way; this complexity quantifies the amount of initial data available to form the structure. We also speculate on how the quantity changes with time. Because of dark-matter and baryonic collapse processes, it likely decreases with time, i.e. information sinks dominate sources. But sources of new random information do exist; e.g. a central black hole with an accretion disc and jets could in principle broadcast small-scale quantum fluctuations over a substantial portion of a galaxy. A speculative example of how this concept might be useful is in differentiating between warm (WDM) and cold (CDM) dark matter. With WDM, the initial patch that formed the Milky Way would have had few features, making the present high degree of structure a curiosity. The primordial patch would have had only several billion independent information-carrying ‘pixels’ if the WDM particle had a mass of 1 keV. This number of ‘pixels’ is much less than even the number of stars in the Milky Way. If the dark matter is proven to be warm, the high degree of structure in the Milky Way could have arisen in two ways: (i) from a high sensitivity to initial conditions, like an intricate fractal arising from a relatively simple computer code; or (ii) from random information generated after the Galaxy formed, i.e. not entirely deterministically from the initial conditions.