bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’Aplec de Rondaies Mallorquines d’En Jordi d’es Racó al segle XXI: reformulacions, recreacions i reutilitzacions
Authors: Valriu Llinàs Caterina
Published: December 2018

De l’extens aplec de rondalles d’Alcover, publicat inicialment entre 1896–1931, a hores d’ara en tenim una edició popular i una edició crítica (en curs), diverses traduccions parcials a vuit llengües diferents i un gran nombre de materials que en deriven o s’hi inspiren, des de produccions culturals pensades per al seu ús didàctic o en entorns de lleure fins a propostes artístiques en diversos llenguatges expressius (musicals, plàstics, audiovisuals). L’article explica el perquè i el com del procés d’actualització constant de l’Aplec com a fenomen cultural singular, i revisa i classifica el conjunt de materials que en deriven i que s’hi acosten com a objecte d’estudi des de l’acadèmia, com a font de propostes didàctiques i lúdiques i com a inspiració per a realitzacions artístiques diverses. En revisa, també, la presència en el context contemporani i assenyala quines rondalles han estat preferentment seleccionades per fer-ne recreacions, mentre altres d’igualment valuoses han quedat en segon terme. Finalment, s’exposen unes conclusions que remarquen la funcionalitat d’aquestes narracions en l’imaginari dels mallorquins —atès que són enteses com una icona identitària— i palesen la necessitat de treballar les rondalles autòctones amb els mitjans que proporcionen les noves tecnologies per evitar l’oblit d’aquestes narracions i la uniformització de l’imaginari col·lectiu.
Es jaquet d’en Jordi des Racó
Authors: Costa Solé Roger
Published: December 2018

Guiscafrè Danús, Jaume: Es jaquet d’en Jordi des Racó. Manacor: Institució Pública Antoni M. Alcover, 2017, 157 p.
Notícies
Authors: Ramis Puig-Gròs Andreu , Gelabert i Miró M. Magdalena
Published: December 2018

II Jornades de Cultura Popular i Tradicional de les Illes BalearsXIII Trobada del Grup d’Estudis Etnopoètics
Identitat col·lectiva i imaginari popular en l’aplec de jocs tradicionals de Valls de mossèn Ribas
Authors: Oliva Ramal Albert
Published: December 2018

Aproximar-se al món del joc tradicional és descobrir el folklore, els costums, els usos, la llengua, la història, les creences, l’art i les llegendes d’un territori. Alhora, és difícil dissociar el joc tradicional del comportament humà, i l’estudi del joc folklòric de l’etnografia i l’etnologia. L’aplec de jocs tradicionals de Valls (1951) d’Eusebi Ribas és un mirall precís de bona part dels elements i característiques dels seus participants, del dia a dia, de l’entorn que envolta aquesta identitat col·lectiva i de tot un imaginari comú, popular, dinàmic i social.
GEOGRAPHY OF CRIMINALITY OF UKRAINE
Authors: Glybovets V.
Published: December 2018

The article deals with the spreading of criminal offenses in Ukraine in 2017. The purpose of the article is to reveal the crime topic in Ukraine as one of the most important problems of its further development as a European state. The author focuses on the place of Ukraine in the international ratings, such as the Global Index of the World, the Global Index to terrorism etc.
Using statistical data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the author has compiled a table of the level of criminal offenses by regions of Ukraine.
Basing on the analysis of the table, the areas in which the crime in 2017 grew or decreased (in compressing with the previous year) is highlighted. The rating of areas for 2017 and 2016 was compiled and compared with each other.
The article highlights the types of criminal offenses the number of which are the largest and the smallest in each area of Ukraine. The author presents the probable reasons that lead to the predominance of thefts, as well as grave and especially grave crimes over other types of crimes in the regions of Ukraine. Attention is paid to a criminal offense related to pimping. The areas in which in 2017 were recorded the cases of pimping are listed.
The author of the article counted the number of crimes in the regions of Ukraine per 1000 people. Highlighted areas with the highest, average and lowest number of crimes per 1000 inhabitants.
The author emphasizes that educated people leave the country for Europe, Canada, the United States, China and other countries, reducing the number of intellectuals who are less inclined to commit crimes. The article describes the main factors that determine the geographical differences of crime and the measures to prevent the increase of the number of criminal offenses in the regions of Ukraine is proposed.
Characteristic features of type B Haemophilus Influenzae-caused purulent meningitis in children
Authors: Grishkina L. Yu. , Lvova I. I. , Trefilov I. N. , Banko N. V. , Odintsova O. V.
Published: December 2018

Aim. To study the clinical peculiar features of type b Haemophilus influenza-caused purulent meningites among children in Perm.

Materials and methods. Twenty children with purulent meningitis were examined. Clinical and bacteriological studies, latex-agglutination reaction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used.

Results. Most patients with Hib-meningitis (70 %) were hospitalized in grave condition during the first three days of disease with fever, meningeal symptoms. Spastic syndrome was diagnosed in 5 patients, disseminated intravascular clotting syndrome – in 6 patients.

Conclusions. Hib-meningitis in 80 % of cases is developing in children aged under two, has an acute onset and severe course with general cerebral and meningeal symptoms, changes in blood and liquor, typical for bacterial infection, high neutrophilic pleocytosis and hyperproteinorrhea; it is frequently accompanied by complications. In etiological diagnosis of Hib-meningitis PCR is the most informative method.
Cortical superficial siderosis is a new MRT-phenomenon in neurological practice: clinical observations and review of literature
Authors: Kulesh A. A. , Gorst N. Kh. , Drobakha V. E. , Kaileva N. A. , Shestakov V. V.
Published: December 2018

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a specific variant of cerebral small vessel disease, associated with high risk of spontaneous intracerebral bleedings, cognitive disorders and hemorrhagic complications of antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. One of key markers of CAA is a relatively rare neurovisual phenomenon – cortical superficial siderosis (CSS). Two clinical cases of CAA with CSS are described in the present paper. In the first case, typical CAA complication were observed: intracerebral bleeding and cognitive disorders. In the second case, CAA was symptom-free. Analysis of clinical cases and literature data shows phenotypic heterogeneity of CAA and confirms advisability of routine use of paramagnetic conditions of MRT to examine patients with cerebrovascular disease.
Factors of formation and diagnostic problems of malignant lung diseases
Authors: Kirillova E. V. , Lipatov O. N. , Mufazalov F. F. , Masyagutova L. M. , Akhmetov V. M. , Maksimov G. G. , Aznabaeva Yu. G.
Published: December 2018

In the paper there is presented a review of foreign and literature data, documented in electronic search system PubMed regarding epidemiology, early and prenosological diagnosis, carcinogenic factors for development of malignant respiratory neoplasms, lung cancer.
Com Grandes Poderes Vem… O Que? Super-Heróis, Agressividade e Pró-Sociabilidade em Adolescentes
Authors: Santos Isabella Silva , Pimentel Carlos Eduardo , Venâncio de Vasconcelos Maria Helena , Pereira da Silva Junior Robinson Pierre , Barros de Abreu Amanda
Published: December 2018

Os super-heróis são parte da cultura contemporânea, tendo cada vez mais destaque, especialmente entre os adolescentes. Nesse sentido, compreender a influência desse tipo de personagem é necessário para o contexto social e educacional. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi compreender as relações entre o contato com super-heróis, a agressividade e a pró-sociabilidade, considerando o impacto da personalidade e do gênero dos participantes. Ao todo, 240 estudantes de uma escola pública entre 12 e 18 anos, responderam aos seguintes instrumentos: Escala de Contato com Super-heróis, Questionário de Agressão, Escala de Pró-sociabilidade, Big Five Inventory-10 e perguntas sociodemográficas. Foram utilizadas análise fatorial, análises descritivas, correlações bivariada e parcial e regressão linear múltipla para analisar as informações. Os resultados indicaram diferenças na relação dos construtos em respondentes do gênero feminino (quando o contato com super-heróis se associou positivamente à pró-sociabilidade) e masculino (quando o contato associou-se negativamente à pró-sociabilidade e positivamente à raiva). Contudo, não foram observadas relações de predição em nenhum dos casos. Assim, existe a possibilidade de propor meios para a concepção de intervenções que utilizem super-heróis para discutir o que leva alguém a ser agressivo ou pró-social.
La confianza razonable y su relevancia como criterio fundante de la tutela de ciertas anomalías o disconformidades acaecidas durante el iter contractual
Authors: López Díaz Patricia Verónica
Published: December 2018

El presente artículo aborda la protección de la confianza razonable en el moderno derecho de contratos con el propósito de evidenciar que constituye un criterio fundante de la tutela de ciertas anomalías o disconformidades precontractuales y contractuales, determinando su actual configuración y naturaleza jurídica, analizando su alcance y explorando su recepción en la doctrina y la jurisprudencia chilenas.
Algunas costumbres mercantiles en la industria del calzado del municipio de San José de Cúcuta (Colombia)
Authors: Aguilar Barreto Andrea Johana , Aguilar Barreto Clara Paola
Published: December 2018

El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar las prácticas de los comerciantes de la industria del calzado del municipio de San José de Cúcuta que puedan ser elevadas a la categoría de costumbres mercantiles conforme al artículo 3.º del Decreto 410 de 1971. Se trató de una investigación de tipo descriptivo y sociojurídico enmarcada en el paradigma histórico-hermenéutico y el enfoque cualitativo, en la que participaron 280 comerciantes/fabricantes de calzado. Se utilizaron como instrumentos una entrevista estructurada y un cuestionario en dos etapas diferentes. Los resultados permitieron identificar seis prácticas que cumplen con los requisitos de publicidad, uniformidad, reiteración y convicción de obligatoriedad.
RESEARCH ON EMISSION TRADING SCHEME IN TERMS OF TURKISH SHIPPING AND FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS
Authors: İŞGÜDEN KILIÇ Burcu , KILIÇ Alper , BİLGİLİ Levent
Published: December 2018

Although the amount of greenhouse gases
(GHGs) from maritime transport is very low amongst total anthropogenic
emissions, reducing shipping related airborne emissions has become an important
topic for policy-makers during last decades. Emission Trading Scheme (ETS), which
is introduced by Kyoto Protocol, is a cap & trade system used to reduce
GHGs by promoting the economic competitiveness. ETS policies should include
maritime transport and should develop accounting approaches within the
framework of financial reporting standards to increase the applicability of
financial instruments notable for their complexity. The aim of this study is to
examine the applicability of ETS policies to the Turkish maritime sector and
the impact of ETS on financial reporting. A comprehensive review based on the
literature has shown that it is necessary to implement emission trading
considering international standards for international sectors and it is
important to prepare national policies accordingly in order to avoid pressure
factors in national economies and not to avoid international harmonization in
financial reporting.
A Medicina Rastafári e as possíveis relações com a Naturologia
Authors: Silva Igor Azevedo , Ruiz Carolina , Portella Caio Fábio Schlechta , Silva Adriana Elias Magno da
Published: December 2018

O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar a concepção de saúde e as práticas terapêuticas utilizadas pela medicina Rastafári e estabelecer uma possível relação com a Naturologia. Estudo de caráter descritivo e analítico de abordagem qualitativa, foi elaborado por meio de pesquisas em bases de dados científicos online e físicos e por levantamento de campo em que foram entrevistadas onze pessoas, sendo elas sacerdotes, profetas e praticantes da Cultura Rastafári no Brasil. A pesquisa possibilitou encontrar informações importantes sobre a Cultura Rastafári, sendo possível elucidar que, assim como a Naturologia, a cosmologia dessa cultura possui caráter multidimensional e complexo, traços esses característicos do paradigma vitalista em saúde e propõe que o olhar terapêutico seja integrativo. A análise dos dados de pesquisa sugere que a Medicina Rastafári pode ser entendida como uma linha terapêutica compatível com as práticas da Naturologia, por apresentar conceitos semelhantes e afinidades ao pensamento Naturológico, como a visão integrativa da saúde e o uso de recursos terapêuticos naturais.
Práticas Integrativas impactam positivamente na saúde psicoemocional de mulhe-res? Estudo de intervenção da Terapia Comunitária Integrativa no sul do Brasil
Authors: Silva Milene Zanoni , Martins Kalamar Sandriane Aparecida , Dallalana Tânia Madureira , Tinti Dione Lorena , Ferreira Rodrigues Grace Kelly , Macohin Letícia De Fátima , Mafra Ana Carolina Paschoalini , Adamowicz Taísa Evangelista , Savaris Luciana Elisabete
Published: December 2018

A Terapia Comunitária Integrativa (TCI) é classificada como prática integrativa no Brasil e este estudo objetivou avaliar impacto psicoemocional da TCI em mulheres frequentadoras de instituição filantrópica de Curitiba-Paraná-Brasil. Foi realizado estudo transversal pré e pós rodas de TCI com 54 participantes e a análise dos dados foi quantitativa. Os resultados demonstraram melhora significativa no estado psico-emocional das mulheres depois das rodas em 88,9% das intervenções. O tema universal e estratégia de enfrentamento mais frequentes nas rodas foram conflitos familiares e empoderamento pessoal, respectivamente. Conclui-se que a TCI é uma intervenção grupal importante para promover o bem-estar psicoemocional, especialmente, de populações vulneráveis.
O uso de recursos sonoros pelos naturólogo
Authors: Souza Letícia Petruz de , Maranhão Ana Léa
Published: December 2018

A pesquisa teve como objetivo verifcar a utilização dos recursos sonoros, sons e músicas, pelos naturólogos nos atendimentos, a forma como são utilizados para compor um ambiente com uma escuta acolhedora, a participação do interagente nesse processo. Verifcou-se a importância que é dada para a escolha de um repertório sonoro-musical, condizente com os objetivos do processo naturológico, que visa o cuidado e atenção à saúde através de uma integração de práticas naturais, uma visão multidimensional do processo saúde-doença e uma relação de interagência. Tratou-se de um estudo observacional/descritivo de delineamento transversal, de natureza quantitativa. A amostra incluiu 53 naturólogos formados pelas instituições Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina e Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, que atuam no âmbito clínico há no mínimo seis meses. De modo geral, a maior parte dos naturólogos são graduados pela UNISUL; utilizam os recursos sonoros em atendimento, como som ambiente, por meio de música gravada; tem pouco conhecimento musical; utiliza algum critério para escolha do som a ser colocado. Este estudo pode contribuir na estruturação dos cursos de Naturologia e na profssão e incentivar o uso consciente dos recursos sonoros nos atendimentos naturológicos, a fm de acrescentar e auxiliar o processo terapêutico, compondo um ambiente adequado para alcançar os objetivos propostos.
Estratégias terapêuticas na função sexual de homens com lesão medular traumática
Authors: Ferro Josepha Karinne de Oliveira , Souza Dandara Pestana de , Oliveira Daniella Araújo de
Published: December 2018

Introdução: Repercussões estruturais e fisiológicas são causadas após a lesão medular e, dependendo da extensão e localização da lesão, a resposta sexual será alterada. Movidos pelo conhecimento sociocultural e dificuldade de satisfação na relação sexual, muitos indivíduos recorrem a estratégias alternativas para tratamento das disfunções. Objetivos: Conhecer as principais estratégias terapêuticas utilizadas por homens com lesão medular traumática nas disfunções sexuais. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo, realizado com 24 homens com média de idade de 32,62 (IC 28,65 – 36,60), com lesão medular traumática, recrutados em serviços de referência em lesão medular na cidade do Recife (PE). Os indivíduos passaram por avaliação neurológica de acordo com as diretrizes da International Standards for Neurological Examination and Functional Classiﬁcation of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI), a American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA), avaliação da função sexual através do Índice Internacional de Função Erétil (IIFE) e responderam a um formulário semiestruturado para identificar as estratégias terapêuticas utilizadas na função sexual. Para a coleta de informações acerca das plantas medicinais, foi feita uma pesquisa nos entornos dos mercados públicos localizados na Região Metropolitana do Recife (PE). Resultados: As estratégias terapêuticas utilizadas foram: uso de plantas medicinais (25%) e uso drogas inibidoras da fosfodiesterase tipo 5 (33,3%). Das plantas medicinais, as mais utilizadas foram Catuaba - Trichilia catigua (33,3%), Guaraná- Paullinia cupana (33,3%), Maca Peruana Lepidium meyenii (33,3%) e Tríbulus Terrestris (33,3%). Considerações finais: As principais estratégias terapêuticas utilizadas pelos participantes foram plantas medicinais e uso drogas inibidoras da fosfodiesterase tipo 5.Palavras-chave: Traumatismo da Medula Espinhal. Sexualidade. Terapias Complementares. Plantas medicinais.ClinicalTrials.gov  ID: NCT02908867
O uso de lancetas retráteis de teste rápido como uma alternativa confortável para sangria em auriculoterapia: um relato de experiência
Authors: Neves Tiago Veloso
Published: December 2018

Auriculoterapia é um método terapêutico oriundo da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa que consiste no estímulo do pavilhão auricular, podendo esse estímulo ser realizado por meio da aplicação de agulhas, esferas, magnetos, calor, laser ou sangrias. A sangria tem a propriedade de, segundo a óptica da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa, remover o excesso de calor, estagnação de energia e tratar diversos sintomas e condições. Os métodos tradicionais de realizar sangria são usualmente doloridos e despertam apreensão de alguns pacientes.  O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever a experiência de um profissional ao testar a possibilidade de utilizar lancetas retráteis para estimular acupontos da orelha e verificar se as mesmas poderiam ser utilizadas de maneira confortável e eficaz no seu objetivo, que é provocar sangria dos pontos pretendidos. Tanto na rotina do autor como em uma Formação em Auriculoterapia, na qual esse uso foi bastante disseminado, percebeu-se que houve conforto durante as aplicações e que este pode ser um meio viável de estimulação do pavilhão auricular.
PROBLEMS OF COMPENSATION OF DAMAGE CAUSED BY LAND OFFENSE
Authors: Goryunova T.A.
Published: December 2018

The problems of compensation of damage caused by land offense in the result of economic activity by the subjects of economical legal relations are studied. There are civil and administrative responsibilities. The necessity of legal regulation of mechanism of compensation for damage to the agricultural land fertility is noted. The issues of damage proof by administrative bodies, the opportunity to claiming simultaneously damage compensation in natural and money terms are presented. We analyze law-enforcement practice on compensation for agricultural land damage. Government bodies usually change the terms “environment pollution”, “damage to the environment”, “results of land pollution”, and that proves the necessity of clear terms understanding. It is noted, that activities of government bodies on claiming compensation for environment damage should be regulated by regulatory acts without double understanding. The conclusion is made that administrative bodies have an opportunity to demand the damage compensation only if there are following circumstances: illegal activities; damage presence; cause-and-effect connection between illegal activity and damage presence; lack of nature damage compensation. We suggest legislative consolidation of the order of earth samples selection for correct and accurate damage understanding.
STAGES OF RIGHT REALIZATION PROCESS AS OBTAINING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RIGHTS AND LEGAL INTERESTS DEFENDING ACTIVITIES OF THE NOTARYSHIP
Authors: Moiseyeva O.V.
Published: December 2018

We present the definition of the concept of “right realization notarial process”, analyze its legal nature, the essence and significance for the notarial protection and defence of legal interests, we present the stages of the right realization process and reveal the importance of each of them for the effectiveness of rights defending activities of the notaryship as a whole. The position is argued that the right realization practice of the notaryship cannot be carried out spontaneously and therefore is formed within the framework of the notary right realization process, gradually passing the stage of initiation of the right realization process, the preparatory stage, the stage of choosing the right realization form, the stage of notarial action, as well as the stage of the notarial act production with its following execution, which generally allows to ensure continuity at each process stage and to obtain an accurate picture of the legal norm realization. We study the problem of correlation of “notary process” and “notarial procedure” concepts, these concepts are at the core of notarial practice. We highlight a number of features that allows personalizing the notarial process. The necessity of legislative regulation of algorithms of notarial action and development of notarial process stages is noted. It is concluded that the phased right realization in the framework of notarial activities makes it possible to fully ensure the protection and defence of legal interests, which means a measure of legally permissible subject behaviour, manifested in the desire to enjoy a certain social benefit and guaranteed by the state in the form of protection by competent structures as necessary.
A importância da prontidão para ler e escrever
Authors: Marques Boni Adalgisa Cristina , Maia Halana Carolina , Barbosa Marina Peccinin
Published: December 2018

Este estudo teve como objetivo descobrir, através da avaliação e da análise das áreas psicomotora, cognitiva e linguística, se as crianças do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental I (EFI) precisam desenvolver habilidades para aquisição da leitura e da escrita. 62 crianças do 1º ano do EFI da rede pública da cidade de Limeira efetuaram um Protocolo de Avaliação sobre as habilidades psicomotoras/cognitivas e linguísticas. Observou-se que as habilidades estudadas interferiram na qualidade do processo de alfabetização e não diretamente no aprender ou não a ler e escrever. Assim, corrobora-se a importância de incorporação de atividades voltadas para estas habilidades durante a Educação Infantil e no início do Ensino Fundamental I.
Letramento da criança no ciclo de alfabetização: contribuições do ensino da matemática
Authors: Fontinele Marcella De Oliveira Abreu , Guedes Neide Cavalcante
Published: December 2018

O artigo objetiva discutir sobre a contribuição do ensino da Matemática para o letramento da criança no ciclo de alfabetização que tem por escopo o desenvolvimento do raciocínio lógico, da estimulação do pensamento crítico, da criatividade e da habilidade de resolver problemas. Entendemos que cabe ao docente no contexto da sala aula promover situações de leitura de mundo visto que a Matemática se constitui como oportunidade de letramento, conferindo significado à leitura e à escrita. A discussão está apoiada no sentido sobre a importância da aquisição da linguagem matemática associada ao ensino da língua materna. Nessa perspectiva, defendemos que às crianças seja concedido o acesso a uma alfabetização que contemple, além do ensino da língua materna, o ensino da linguagem matemática.
Türkiye’de 2018 Yılında Uygulamaya Konulan Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Yetiştirme Programının Önceki Program ile Karşılaştırılması
Authors: SAĞDIÇ Mustafa
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de 2018 yılında
uygulamaya konulan ve önceki programa göre önemli değişiklikler içeren yeni
sosyal bilgiler öğretmen yetiştirme programını alan bilgisi, meslek bilgisi,
genel kültür, alan eğitimi ve öğretmenlik uygulaması dersleri bağlamında değerlendirmektir.
Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmış. Elde
edilen bulgular betimsel analiz tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir.  Yeni sosyal bilgiler programının eğitim
fakültelerinde bir standart oluşturma kaygısını taşıdığı görülmektedir. Alan
bilgisi ile alana ilişkin öğretimi içeren dersler Alan Eğitimi başlığında
toplanmıştır. Alan eğitimi derslerinin ders saatleri, kredileri ve AKTS
değerleri önemli ölçüde azaltılmıştır. Buna mukabil meslek bilgisi derslerinin ders
saatleri, kredileri ve AKTS değerleri önemli ölçüde arttırılmıştır. Genel
kültür derslerinin kapsamında önemli değişiklikler söz konusudur. Öğretmenlik
uygulaması ise Öğretmenlik Uygulaması I ve Öğretmenlik Uygulaması II dersi
olarak iki döneme çıkartılmıştır. Ancak öğretmenlik uygulamasına bir
basamak teşkil eden Okul Deneyimi dersi ise programdan kaldırılmıştır.  Lisans programlarının toplam kredileri
156’dan 147’ye, toplam ders saati ise 170’den 154’e çekilmiştir. Ayrıca programda
seçmeli derslere %25 oranında yer verilmiş, seçmeli ders çeşitliliği
arttırılmış ve Bologna sürecine uyum sağlanmıştır.
Uses and Advantages of CRISPR/Cas Genetic Edition in Yeasts
Authors: Amado Daniela , Velez Norida , Ceballos-Garzon Andres , Monroy Juan , Parra-Giraldo Claudia-Marcela
Published: December 2018

This review summarizes the use of CRISPR system in yeasts, identifying advantages and disadvantages of its applications. 39 articles were evaluated including 12 articles that discussed the advantages of new CRISPR systems that improved the initial system, and another 27 were evaluated, among these: three were applications in Cryptococcus neoformans, four in candida sp., three in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, nine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, four in Yarrowia lipolytica, and four in industrially important yeasts such as Pichia pastoris and Saccharomyces pastorianus. It was concluded that the CRISPR system is one of the most versatile genetic editing systems available nowadays. It can be applied in different organisms for several effects including gene knock-outs, performing point mutations, gene expression, or even applying multiple edition operations in several genes. However, we recognize that numerous studies lack a control group of the mutated strains, which leaves many questions unanswered. For instance, the extent and precision of this techniques, it also represents a risk to biosecurity standards. Therefore, this review shows the compilation of CRISPR system information, which could be used to generate different alternatives in the industry and clinical fields.
Recurrent Stimulation of NK Cell Clones with K562 Expressing Membrane-Bound IL-21 Affects Their Phenotype, IFN-γ Production and Lifespan
Authors: Streltsova Maria A. , Erokhina Sofya A. , Kanevskiy Leonid M. , Grechikhina Maria V. , Lee Dean A. , Telford William G. , Sapozhnikov Alexander M. , Kovalenko Elena I.
Published: December 2018

A pattern of NK cell heterogeneity in each individual determines proliferative and functional responses of NK cells to activating stimuli. Obtaining the progeny of a single cell by cloning original population is one of the ways to study the NK cell heterogeneity.  In this work, we used single cell sorting into a plate and stimulation by IL-2 and gene-modified K562 feeder cells expressing membrane-bound IL-21 (K562-mbIL21) that led to generation of phenotypically confirmed and functionally active NK cell clones. We applied two models of clone cultivation, which differently affected their phenotype, lifespan and functional activity. The first model, which included weekly restimulation of clones with K562-mbIL21 and IL-2, resulted in the generation of relatively short-lived (5-7 weeks) clones of highly activated NK cells. HLA-DR expression in the expanded NK cells correlated strongly with IFN-γ production. The second model, in which NK cells were restimulated mainly with IL-2 alone, produced long-lived clones (8-14 weeks) that expanded up to 107 cells with lower ability to produce IFN-γ. Our method is applicable for studying variability in phenotype, proliferative and functional activity of the certain NK cell progeny in response to the stimulation, which may help in selecting NK cells best suited for clinical use.
Formation of Secondary Organic Aerosols by Germicidal Ultraviolet Light
Authors: Choi Eureka , Tan Zhongchao , Anderson William A.
Published: December 2018

Ultraviolet (UV) light with a wavelength of 254 nm has proven to be effective at inactivating microorganisms, and thus has been increasingly employed as a method of disinfection for indoor environments. Solar UV wavelengths (300 to 400 nm) are known to initiate the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles from photo-oxidation of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, but germicidal wavelengths have not been extensively studied for indoor environments.  In this work, toluene was exposed to 254 nm UV light in a laboratory photoreactor, with varying conditions of the air, the duration of UV exposure, and the duration of post-UV time. The number of particles formed in the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) size range was measured, and significant levels of particle formation were observed for UV exposure periods of as short as 5 minutes. The particle formation ranged from 2.4x106 particles/m3 for 5 minutes of UV exposure, to 1449.8x106 particles/m3 for 15 minutes of UV exposure. Particle formation was found to increase with increasing concentrations of gas phase toluene, and at relative humidity of approximately 20% and higher. Variations in the initial number of particles present did not appear to have a significant effect on the particle formation, suggesting that nucleation was not a controlling factor. However, tests in a commercial environment showed no significant detectable PM2.5 formation, indicating that SOA formation during the intermittent use of germicidal UV may not significantly affect indoor air quality.
Mechanically Enhanced Electrical Conductivity of Polydimethylsiloxane-Based Composites by a Hot Embossing Process
Authors: Gao Xiaolong , Huang Yao , He Xiaoxiang , Fan Xiaojing , Liu Ying , Xu Hong , Wu Daming , Wan Chaoying
Published: December 2018

Electrically conductive polymer composites are in high demand for modern technologies, however, the intrinsic brittleness of conducting conjugated polymers and the moderate electrical conductivity of engineering polymer/carbon composites have highly constrained their applications. In this work, super high electrical conductive polymer composites were produced by a novel hot embossing design. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites containing short carbon fiber (SCF) exhibited an electrical percolation threshold at 0.45 wt%, and reached a saturated electrical conductivity of 49 S/m at 8 wt% of SCF. When reduced the sample thickness from 1.0 mm to 0.1 mm by the hot embossing process, a compression-induced percolation threshold occurred at 0.3 wt%, while the electrical conductivity was further enhanced to 378 S/m at 8 wt% SCF. Furthermore, the additional of a second nanofiller of 1 wt%, such as carbon nanotube or conducting carbon black further increased the electrical conductivity of the PDMS/SCF (8 wt%) composites to 909 S/m and 657 S/m, respectively. The synergy of the densified conducting filler network by the mechanical compression and the hierarchical micro-/nanoscale filler approach has realize super high electrical conductive yet mechanical flexible polymer composites for modern flexible electronics applications.
Immunohistochemical Study of c-erbB2/HER2 Tumor Marker in Primary Malignant Brain Tumors
Authors: Ramezani Mazaher , Siami Shadi , Rezaei Mansour , Khazaei Sedigheh , Sadeghi Masoud
Published: December 2018

Background and objectives: Primary brain tumors include any tumors arising in the brain whose prognosis is poor due to their histologic characteristics. The aim of this research was to evaluate the frequency of HER2 tumor marker in primary malignant brain tumors. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on the samples admitted to the pathology laboratory with diagnosis of primary brain tumor during 2008–2015. Results: From among 107 patients (61.7% males and the rest females) with mean age of 40.4 years, the highest frequency of tumor location was in supratentorial region of the brain (including lobes and ventricles) (63.85% cases). High-grade astrocytoma had the highest prevalence at diagnosis (43.9%), followed by low-grade astrocytoma (37.4%). As for HER2 score, 42.1% of patients were HER2-positive (scores 2 & 3). On the other hand, 5.6% of patients were HER2-negative (-), 40.2% were positive (+), and 54.2% were positive (++). The patients with high-grade astrocytoma had older age (P < 0.001), higher HER2 positivity (P = 0.024) and percentage (P < 0.001) compared to the patients with low-grade astrocytoma. Conclusions: HER2 expression is dependent on the type of brain tumors. High expression of HER2 in high-grade astrocytoma may be useful for therapeutic purposes. The future research is needed to confirm these results with a large number of patients in different areas.
Sodium and Potassium Intake, Knowledge Attitudes and Behaviour Towards Salt Consumption, Amongst Adults in Podgorica, Montenegro
Authors: D'Elia Lanfranco , Brajovic Mina , Klisic Aleksandra , Breda Joao , Jewell Jo , Cadjenovic Vuk , Cappuccio Francesco P
Published: December 2018

Excess salt and inadequate potassium intakes are associated with high cardiovascular disease (CVD). In Montenegro, CVD is the leading cause of death and disability. There is no survey that has directly measured salt and potassium consumption in Montenegro. The aim is to estimate population salt and potassium intakes and explore knowledge, attitudes and behaviour (KAB), amongst the adult population of Podgorica. Random samples of adults were obtained from primary care centres. Participants attended a screening including demographic, anthropometric and physical measurements. Dietary salt and potassium intakes were assessed by 24h urinary sodium (UNa) and potassium (UK) excretions. Creatinine was measured. KAB was collected by questionnaire. Six hundred and thirty-nine (285 men, 25-65 years) were included in the analysis (response rate 63%). Mean UNa was 186.5 (SD 90.3) mmol/day, equivalent to 11.6g of salt/day, and potassium excretion 62.5 (26.2) mmol/day, equivalent to 3.2g/day. Only 7% of them had a salt intake below the WHO recommended target of 5g/day, and 13% ate enough potassium (>90 mmol/day). The majority (86%) knew that high salt causes ill-health. However, only 44% thought it would be useful to reduce consumption. Salt consumption is high, and potassium consumption is low, in men and women living in Podgorica.
Simulation of Flow and Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollutant Transport in a Tibetan Plateau Irrigation District
Authors: Li Yuqing , Zhou Zuhao , Wang Kang , Xu Chongyu
Published: December 2018

Flow and transport processes in soil and rock play a critical role in agricultural non-point source pollution (ANSP) loads. In this study, we investigated the ANPS load discharged into rivers from an irrigation district in the Tibetan Plateau, and simulated ANPS load using a distributed model involving detailed descriptions of flow and ANPS transport and transformation processes in the soil and rock. Experiments were conducted for two years to measure soil water content and nitrogen concentrations and the quality and quantity of lateral flow in the rock and at the drainage canal outlet during the highland barley growing period. A distributed model, in which the subsurface lateral flow was described using a step-wise method, was developed to simulate flow and ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen transport. Sobol’s method was used to evaluate the sensitivity of simulated flow and transport processes to model inputs. The results showed that, with a 21.2% increase of rainfall and irrigation in the highland barley growing period, the average NH4+-N and NO3--N concentrations in the soil layer decreased by 10.8% and 14.3%, respectively, due to increased deep seepage. Deep seepage of rainfall water accounted for 0–52.4% of total rainfall, whereas deep seepage of irrigation water accounted for 36.6–45.3% of total irrigation. NH4+-N and NO3--N discharged into the drainage channel represented 19.9–30.4% and 19.4–26.7% of the deep seepage, respectively. The mean Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients, root mean square errors, and cumulative deviations between the measured and simulated flow rates and NH4+-N and NO3--N concentrations at the surface drainage canal outlet were 0.694, 0.081, and 0.242, respectively, indicating that the proposed method can effectively describe the hydrological and ANPS pollution migration in the plateau irrigation zone. The Sobol’ sensitivity analysis results demonstrated that subsurface lateral flow had the most important first order and total effect on the simulated flow and NH4+-N and NO3--N concentrations at the surface drainage outlet.
Medicinal Cannabis - Potential Drug Interactions
Authors: Alsherbiny Muhammad A. , Li Chun G.
Published: December 2018

Endocannbinoids system (ECS) engrossed a considerable interest as potential therapeutic targets in various carcinomas and cancer related conditions alongside with neurodegenerative diseases. Cannabinoids are implemented in several physiological processes such as appetite stimulation, energy balance, pain modulation and the control of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). However, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics interactions could be perceived in drug combinations, so in this short review we tried to shed the light over the potential drug interactions of medicinal cannabis. Hitherto, few data have been provided to the healthcare practitioners about the drug-drug interactions of cannabinoids with other prescription medications. In general, cannabinoids are usually well tolerated, but the bidirectional effects may be expected with concomitant administered agents via affected membrane transporters (glycoprotein p, breast cancer resistance proteins) and metabolizing enzymes (Cytochrome P450 and UDP- glucuronosyltransferases). The caveats should be undertaken to closely monitor the responses of cannabis users with certain drugs to guard their safety, especially for the elderly and people with chronic diseases or kidney and liver conditions.
Numerical Analysis on the Cooling Performance of a Hybrid Personal Cooling System (HPCS) under Different Hot Environments
Authors: Kang Zhanxiao , Wan Xianfu , Wang Faming , Raj Uday , Yang Bin
Published: December 2018

The hybrid personal cooling system (HPCS) consisted of ventilation fans and phase change materials (PCMs) covered with insulation pads is a promising wearable cooling system to mitigate heat strain and heat-related illnesses of occupational workers with heavy labor in hot environments. Effects of clothing characteristics (e.g., thermal resistance of insulation pads, latent heat and melting temperature of PCMs) on the thermal performance of the HPCS have been investigated in detail in our previous study. Apart from the aforementioned factors, environmental conditions, i.e., environmental temperature and relative humidity, also significantly affect the thermal performance of the HPCS. In this paper, a numerical parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of the environmental temperature and relative humidity (RH) on the thermal management of the HPCS. Five levels of air temperature under environmental RH=50% were chosen (i.e., 32, 34, 36, 38 and 40 ºC) to study the impact of environmental temperature on the HPCS’s cooling performance. In addition, four levels of environmental RH at ambient temperatures of 36 and 40 ºC were selected (i.e., 30, 50, 70 and 90%) to examine the effect of RH on cooling performance of the HPCS. Results show that high environmental temperatures could accelerate the PCM melting process and thereby weaken the cooling performance of HPCS. In the moderately hot environment (36 °C), the HPCS presented good cooling performance with the maximum core temperature at around 37.5 °C during excise when the ambient RH≤70%, whereas good cooling performance could be only seen under RH≤50% in the extremely hot environment (40 °C). Thus, it may be concluded that the maximum environmental RH for the HPCS exhibiting good cooling performance decreases with the increase in the environmental temperature.
Speleothem Stable Isotope Records from Eastern Europe & Turkey
Authors: Kern Zoltán , Demény Attila , Hatvani István Gábor
Published: December 2018

The region of Eastern Europe & Turkey contributed to the SISAL (Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and AnaLysis) global database with stable carbon- and oxygen isotope time-series from 18 entities from 14 cave systems. The currently available oldest record from this region is the ABA-2 flowstone record (Abaliget Cave; Hungary) reaching back to MIS 6. The temporal distribution of the compiled 18 entities points out a ~20-kyr-long period, centering around 100 ka, lacking speleothem stable isotope record in the region. The regional subset of SISAL_v1 records displays a continuous coverage for the past ~90 kyr for both δ18O and δ13C, with a mean temporal resolution of ~12 yr for the Holocene, and >50 yr for the pre-Holocene period. The highest temporal resolution both for the Holocene and the pre-Holocene was achieved in the So-1 record (Sofular Cave; Turkey). Assessing the data, an important split was found regarding the climatic interpretation of speleothem δ18O. While the oxygen isotope composition of more continental formations is thought to reflect mainly temperature variations and changes in moisture transport trajectories, it may strongly reflect fluctuations of precipitation amount in the southern part of the region. Variations of δ13C primarily interpreted as humidity changes reflecting dry/wet periods across the region. Elevation gradients from three non-overlapping time periods from the region - for the last 5kyr - indicated systematically prevailing elevational gradients around -0.26‰ 100m-1 in δ18O. The regional comparison of SISAL_v1 speleothem δ18O and the temporal distribution of coarsely crystalline cryogenic cave carbonate occurrences back to 45ka does not appear to confirm the finding that occurrence of the latter coincides with the warming from stadial to interstadial conditions.
Densification Kinetics of Multi-Doped Zirconia Ceramic Body with Organic Coating Powders
Authors: Hoo Y.G. , Shi Yusheng , Lu Wenzhong
Published: December 2018

Abstract: This work for the first time investigated the densification of multi-doping zirconia ceramic body with organic coating powders for solid electrolyte of solid oxide fuel cells via online imaging technology. The densification results show the initial stage plays a key role in the sintering. It can be found the covered organic PVA (polyvinyl acetate) supplies a potential kinetics to the initial densification during sintering. As a result, a kinetic function of densification in the initial stage was suggested. Furthermore, a novel sintering model with six sub-stages is developed for polycrystalline zirconia ceramics. The findings would be a valuable reference for predicting final temperature of sintering, the equivalent strain during the sintering process, as well as optimizing the densification behavior.
Model of Total Volume Stability for Preparing Polymorph Zirconia Ceramics as Functional Structure Materials
Authors: Hoo Y.G. , Shi Yusheng , Lu Wenzhong
Published: December 2018

In this study, a parameter of volume stability was proposed for the first time to design polymorph zirconia ceramics used for special components. A series of heterogeneous polymorph zirconia ceramics with various amounts of monoclinic (M) phase were fabricated by two-step sintering. Samples with about 27%, 31%, and 51% M phase content were selected to study the properties. The thermal shock durability was found to be associated with thermal expansion behavior and noncritical micro cracks, which both based on M phase initial content. In good agreement with experimental results, the correlation of normalized K versus M phase initial content was established. It could provide a repeatable reference to prepare special zirconia components without loss of density.
Microbiological Air Quality in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems of Surgical and Intensive Care Areas: Application of a Disinfection Procedure for the Dehumidification Devices
Authors: Totaro Michele , Costa Anna Laura , Casini Beatrice , Profeti Sara , Gallo Antonio , Frendo Lorenzo , Porretta Andrea , Valentini Paola , Privitera Gaetano , Baggiani Angelo
Published: December 2018

International literature data report that the increase of infectious risk may be due to heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems contaminated by airborne pathogens. Moreover, the presence of complex rotating dehumidification wheels (RDWs) may complicate the cleaning and disinfection procedures of the HVAC systems. We evaluated the efficacy of a disinfection strategy applied to the RDW of two hospitals HVAC systems. Hospitals have 4 RDW systems related to the surgical areas (SA1 and SA2) and to the intensive and sub-intensive cares (IC and sIC). Microbiological air and surfaces analysis were performed in HVAC systems, before and after the disinfection treatment. Hydrogen peroxide (12%) with silver ions (10 mg/L) was aerosolized in all the air sampling points, located close to the RDW device. After the air disinfection procedure, reductions of total microbial counts at 22°C and fungi were achieved in SA2 and IC HVAC systems. An Aspergillus fumigatus contamination (6 CFU/500L), detected in one air sample collected in the IC HVAC system, was eradicated after the disinfection. Surface samples proved a good microbiological quality. Results suggest the need of a disinfection procedure aimed to improve the microbiological quality of the complex HVAC systems, mostly in surgical and intensive care areas.
Estimating the Parameters of Dynamical Systems from Big Data Using Sequential Monte Carlo Samplers
Authors: Green Peter , Maskell Simon
Published: December 2018

In this paper the authors present a method which facilitates computationally efficient parameter estimation of dynamical systems from a continuously growing set of measurement data. It is shown that the proposed method, which utilises Sequential Monte Carlo samplers, is guaranteed to be fully parallelisable (in contrast to Markov chain Monte Carlo methods) and can be applied to a wide variety of scenarios within structural dynamics. Its ability to allow convergence of one's parameter estimates, as more data is analysed, sets it apart from other sequential methods (such as the particle filter).