bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La question de l’apparat critique du Nestle-Aland dans le témoignage des manuscrits de la Vieille Latine : l’exemple des Pèlerins d’Emmaüs
Authors: Pinchard Laurent
Published: February 2022

Les manuscrits de la Vieille-Latine font partie des premiers témoins les plus intéressants du Nouveau Testament, du fait de leur ancienneté : antérieurs à la Vulgate, ils sont contemporains des premières traductions dans d’autres langues comme le syriaque et le copte. Cependant, les apparats critiques les classent souvent « en bloc », empêchant ainsi de voir l’apport de chaque manuscrit et, par là même, son rôle de traceur dans la transmission du texte néotestamentaire. Cet article se propose d’étudier la péricope des Pèlerins d’Emmaüs (Lc 24,13-35) dans divers manuscrits de la Vieille-Latine. Alors que le texte grec en atteste deux états bien distincts, celui du texte « occidental » et celui du texte alexandrin, le témoignage des manuscrits vieux-latins semble, d’après une étude minutieuse de leurs variantes, retracer cette évolution. Loin d’utiliser les critères classiques et généraux, – de caractère « occidental » ou « mixte vulgate » –, généralement attribués à la Vieille-Latine, le présent article souhaite montrer que les variantes de ces manuscrits interviennent aux endroits mêmes des tensions entre texte « occidental » et texte alexandrin, et souligner leur évolution dans ce passage exclusif de Luc ; ce qui conforte la suggestion des études antérieures quant au caractère primitif de cette péricope, telle que la transmet le texte « occidental » .
Old and New Readings in the Samaria Ostraca
Authors: Richelle Matthieu
Published: February 2022

Cet article fournit le texte et la traduction des ostraca de Samarie trouvés en 1910, ainsi que des notes épigraphiques concernant un choix de 21 inscriptions parmi eux, et une carte du territoire de Manassé avec les toponymes pour lesquels une localisation peut être proposée.
Development of a reproducible porcine model of infected burn wounds
Authors: Said Sayf Al-deen , Jatana Samreen , K. Ponti András , E. Johnson Erin , A. Such Kimberly , T. Zangara Megan , Madajka Maria , Papay Francis , McDonald Christine
Published: February 2022

Severe burns are traumatic and physically debilitating injuries with a high rate of mortality. Bacterial infections often complicate burn injuries, which presents unique challenges for wound management and improved patient outcomes. Currently, pigs are used as the gold standard of pre-clinical models to study infected skin wounds due to the similarity between porcine and human skin in terms of structure and immunological response. However, utilizing this large animal model for wound infection studies can be technically challenging and create issues with data reproducibility. We present a detailed protocol for a porcine model of infected burn wounds based on our experience in creating and evaluating full thickness burn wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus on six pigs. Wound healing kinetics and bacterial clearance were measured over a period of 27 d in this model. Enumerated are steps to achieve standardized wound creation, bacterial inoculation, and dressing techniques. Systematic evaluation of wound healing and bacterial colonization of the wound bed is also described. Finally, advice on animal housing considerations, efficient bacterial plating procedures, and overcoming common technical challenges is provided. This protocol aims to provide investigators with a step-by-step guide to execute a technically challenging porcine wound infection model in a reproducible manner. Accordingly, this would allow for the design and evaluation of more effective burn infection therapies leading to better strategies for patient care.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PAKET SUKSES ASI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU NIFAS
Authors: Saragih Elv. Feedia Mona , Siregar Siti Arofah , Sari Angkat Siswanti Indah , Rachmayanty Dhenok , Aprilia Shefira , Prasasti Endang
Published: February 2022

ASI dengan kualitas terbaik mrmpunyai peran penting disetiap kehidupan bayi. Bahkan tidak mempunyai perbandingan dengan komposisi yang dimiliki ASI. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pemberian Paket Sukses ASI terhadap Peningkatan Produksi ASI pada Ibu Nifas. Desain Penelitian ini menggunakan quasy experiment (eksperimen semu) dengan menggunakan desain one grup pre-test dan post-test design. Hasil didapat menggunakan uji Wilcoxon yaitu nilai p-value 0.000. Pemberian intervensi diberikan secara cermat. Hasil pengamatan bersifat deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian ini di Klinik Pratama Medan Sunggal Tahun 202I . Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu Nifas sebanyak 35 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi dengan menggunakan analisa Bivariat dan Univariat. Hasil didapatkan seluruh responden tidak mendapatkan Kegagalan ASI sehingga terjadi pertambahan produksi ASI.
ANALISIS STATUS MUTU AIR SUNGAI KOTA BOGOR TAHUN 2015-2019 BERDASARKAN SEGMENTASI DAN MUSIM
Authors: Nasution Lailatussyifah , Darundiati Yusniar Hanani , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: February 2022

The development of Bogor city as a buffer zone for the capital has made its water quality decrease. The river water quality has never reached the Water Quality Index (WQI) set for 2015-2019. This study aims to analyze the difference of Bogor river water quality value in 2015-2019 based on segmentations and seasons. Storet and Pollution Index method were used to measure the value of the quality status. Based on statistical tests results, the value between upstream, middle, and downstream both in rainy (p value = 0,252 for Storet method, p value = 0,520 for Pollution Index method) and dry seasons (p value = 0,817 for Storet method, p value = 0,230 for Pollution Index method) did not differ significantly. The value based on Storet method between rainy and dry seasons differed significantly, both in upstream (p value = 0,008) and middlestream (p value = 0,001) but did not differ significantly in downstream (p value = 0,066). Based on Pollution Index method, the value between rainy and dry seasons did not differ significantly in upstream (p value = 0,961) but differed significantly in middlestream (p value = 0,028) and downstream (p value = 0,031). BOD, total phosphate, and nitrite were dominant parameters for quality status based on segmentations, while coliform were dominant parameters for quality status based on seasons. It can be concluded that the value of water quality status in Bogor city between upstream, middle, and downstream do not differ significantly and tends to be worse in dry season.
HUBUNGAN PRAKTIK KEBERSIHAN PERORANGAN KARYAWAN DAN KONDISI LINGKUNGAN KERJA DENGAN KEJADIAN TERINFEKSI COVID-19 DI PT X JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Wulandari Evelyn Sri , Joko Tri , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: February 2022

COVID-19 merupakan penyakit infeksi saluran pernafasan akut, diakibatkan oleh novel coronavirus. Penularan COVID-19 terjadi lewat 3 jalan utama, yakni kontak langsung, droplet serta aerosol. Sektor perkantoran ialah salah satu klaster penularan COVID- 19, Area perkantoran cenderung padat oleh manusia, oleh sebab itu kondisi lingkungan kerja butuh diperhatikan dalam penangkalan COVID-19. Belum ditemukan obat untuk mengobati COVID-19, akan tetapi penularan COVID-19 bisa dicegah lewat beberapa metode, salah satunya menerapkan praktik kebersihan perorangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kebersihan perorangan karyawan dan kondisi lingkungan kerja dengan kejadian terinfeksi COVID-19 di PT X Jakarta Barat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini yakni 60 karyawan di PT X Jakarta Barat. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni sampling acak. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square Data diambil menggunakan kuesioner penelitian. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara praktik kebersihan perorangan karyawan dengan  praktik penggunaan masker (0,016), praktik cuci tangan pakai sabun (0,016) dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara praktik kebersihan perorangan karyawan dengan praktik menjaga jarak (0,315), praktik tidak menyentuh wajah sebelum mencuci tangan (1) dan kondisi lingkungan kerja (0,55). Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara praktik penggunaan masker dan praktik cuci tangan pakai sabun dengan kejadian COVID-19. Para karyawan disarankan untuk tetap melakukan praktik kebersihan perorangan sesuai anjuran selama bekerja.
Bearbeitungseigenspannungen durch Drehen thermo-mechanisch umgeformter Flanschwellen aus dem Werkstoff 51CrV4
Authors: Grüning A. , Grünert S. , Scholtes B. , Biermann D. , Zabel A.
Published: February 2022

Kurzfassung

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird der Einfluss der Prozessparameter auf die Eigenspannungsausbildung bei der Drehbearbeitung eines Bauteils mit einer funktional gradierten Eigenschaftsverteilung untersucht. Es handelt sich um eine in einem thermo-mechanischen Umformprozess hergestellte Flanschwelle aus dem Werkstoff 51CrV4, bei der eine charakteristische ortsabhängige Gefügeverteilung vorliegt. Als Folge der daraus resultierenden Härte- bzw. Festigkeitsverteilung stellen sich durch die spanende Bearbeitung ortsabhängige Eigenspannungsverteilungen mit unterschiedlichen Tiefenverläufen ein, deren Ursachen in Abhängigkeit der Prozessparameter diskutiert werden.▪
Einfluss des primär ausgeschiedenen Mg2Si-Anteils sowie dessen Verteilung auf die Eigenschaften von sprühkompaktierten AlMgSiCu-Legierungen*
Authors: Stelling O. , Ellendt N. , Uhlenwinkel V. , Krug P. , Keßler O. , Zoch H. W. , Commandeur B.
Published: February 2022

Kurzfassung

Legierungen auf Aluminiumbasis zeichnen sich durch eine geringe Dichte bei gleichzeitig guten mechanischen Eigenschaften aus. Die Verstärkung von Aluminiumlegierungen durch Mg2Si kann zu einer weiteren Verbesserung der Eigenschaften, insbesondere der Warmfestigkeit, bei gleichzeitiger Dichtereduzierung beitragen. Durch gängige Gießprozesse lassen sich lediglich geringe Mengen Mg2Si in die Aluminiummatrix einbringen. Das Verfahren des Sprühkompaktierens bietet die Möglichkeit, eine feine Verteilung der Mg2Si-Partikel im Gefüge auch für große Mengen (> 15 Ma.-% Mg2Si) zu erzielen. Eine Vergröberung der Partikel wird hierbei durch hohe Abkühlraten unterdrückt.

Aluminiumlegierungen mit Mg2Si-Gehalten von 22-34 Ma.-% konnten mittels Sprühkompaktieren erfolgreich hergestellt werden. Sie wurden anschließend stranggepresst und wärmebehandelt. Allen Legierungen wurde ca. 1,8 Ma.-% Kupfer beigegeben, um eine zusätzliche Steigerung der Festigkeit durch metastabile Al-Cu-Ausscheidungen zu erreichen.

Die Werkstoffe wurden zur Beurteilung der Ausscheidungsverteilung metallografisch untersucht. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass für die untersuchten Legierungen die Mg2Si-Partikelgröße sowohl während des Umformens als auch während der Wärmebehandlung nahezu unbeeinflusst bleibt. Die Form und Verteilung der weiteren Phasen hingegen hängt wesentlich vom Wärmebehandlungszustand ab. Mittels Dichte- und Härtemessungen konnte die Gewichtsreduzierung bei gleichzeitiger Verbesserung der mechanischen Eigenschaften nachgewiesen werden. Die Warmfestigkeit der Werkstoffe wurde anhand von Zugversuchen bei erhöhter Temperatur bestimmt. Ein signifikanter Einfluss der durch Variation der Prozessführung beim Sprühkompaktieren eingestellten Mg2Si-Partikelgröße auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften konnte ausgemacht werden.

Anwendungen für diese neuartigen Aluminiumlegierungen sind in Bereichen zu erwarten, in denen geringe Dichten in Verbindung mit hoher Warmfestigkeit gefordert sind, z. B. in Verbrennungsmaschinen. ▪
Epi-quasi normality
Authors: Thabit Sadeq Ali , Alshammari Ibtesam , Alqurashi Wafa
Published: February 2022

This work studies a new version of normality called epi-quasi normality, which lies between epi-normality and epi-mild normality. In this paper, we investigate this property and present some examples that illustrate the relationships between epi-quasi normality and other kinds of both normality and regularity.
Microwave-induced biocatalytic reactions toward medicinally important compounds
Authors: Das Aparna , Banik Bimal Krishna
Published: February 2022

Microwaves in the presence of enzymes are used to execute a number of reactions for the preparation of biologically active compounds. The success of microwave-induced enzymatic reactions depends on frequencies, field strength, waveform, duration, and modulation of the exposure. Enzymes under microwave irradiation become activated and this activation is sufficient to investigate simple to complex reactions that were not reported under these reaction conditions before. Enzymatic catalysis together with microwave technology and solvent-free chemical reaction is a nature-friendly procedure. The most interesting reactions that are performed by enzymes in the microwave are documented here with reference to examples that are related to medicinally active molecules.
Visible-light-mediated metal-free C–Si bond formation reactions
Authors: Ghosh Sumit , Hajra Alakananda
Published: February 2022

Conserving the environment is one of the most imperative goals in recent days among the chemists throughout the world. Swiftly increasing the environmental awareness also increases the demand to build new approaches for synthesizing the same active molecules with zero-waste and pollution. In this background, visible-light-mediated synthesis and functionalization of diverse organic compounds has been established as a tremendously successful topic and has achieved a remarkable stage of superiority and efficiency in the last 20 years. Alternatively, organosilicon derivatives are gradually aspiring leaves among chemists because of their significant application on synthetic, medicinal, and material chemistry. In this scenario, the addition of Si–H group to carbon−carbon multiple bonds (alkenes, hetero-arenes, alkynes, allenes, carboxylic acids, enynes, and dienes) provides an extremely step- and atom-efficient method to obtain silicon-containing compounds. Several attempts for the development of mild, robust, and efficient green protocol were taken in the last two decades. In spite of substantial advancement/research on C–Si bond formation using transition metal catalysis, a green and metal-free approach is highly essential considering its application in the field of medicine and with respect to environmental aspects as well. In this article, we will summarize the reports considering suitable visible-light-mediated metal-free silylation of C–C multiple bonds that includes alkenes, hetero-arenes, alkynes, allenes, enynes, and dienes.
Emotive Media as a Counterbalance to AIDS Messaging Fatigue in South Africa: Responses to an HIV/AIDS Awareness Music Video
Authors: Walker Gavin Robert
Published: February 2022

South Africa recorded and estimated 230,000 new infections in 2020, and low levels of AIDS risk awareness remain prevalent among the nation's youth. While public health awareness initiatives continue to be necessary, the large quantity of AIDS-related content that has permeated the media landscape since the start of the epidemic has resulted in increasing indifference to health messaging. Drawing from the concept of referent emotional responses, this article analyzes the reception of “Sing,” an HIV/AIDS awareness music video characterized by emotive visual representations of AIDS. The data highlight ongoing fatigue towards HIV/AIDS messaging and the potential of highly emotive media to engage target audiences in a climate of indifference to AIDS awareness. The article recommends that future awareness and prevention campaigns consider the role of emotive content in effective AIDS-related health promotion in South Africa.
Trends in HIV Stigma Experienced by People Living With HIV in the Netherlands: A Comparison of Cross-Sectional Surveys Over Time
Authors: Stutterheim Sarah E. , Kuijpers Kyran J. R. , Waldén Moon I. , Finkenflügel Renee N. N. , Brokx Pieter A. R. , Bos Arjan E. R.
Published: February 2022

We investigated whether HIV stigma has changed in recent years. We compared data on stigma settings and manifestations from 2007 (n = 667) and, specifically for health care, 2009 (n = 262), to data acquired in 2019/2020 (n = 258). Results showed reductions in stigma from friends, family, acquaintances, at work, in the financial services sector, and in media, but stigmatizing messages in media remained highly prevalent. Stigma in the LGBTQI+ community, with sexual partners, and while partying also remained prevalent and, disconcertingly, relatively unchanged. Stigma in health care increased. HIV stigma was positively related to psychological distress, and negatively related to social support and medication adherence. Further, most participants were familiar with U=U and PrEP, but 13.3% questioned the accuracy of U=U. Stigma reduction efforts should focus on reducing stigma in media, in the LGBTQI+ community and while dating, and in health care, with U=U as a key message.
Narratives of Change From Gay and Bisexual Men Living With HIV in an Emotional Well-Being Intervention
Authors: Bartels Sophia M. , Guzmán Guevara Karla , Pajarito Rompich Yolanda , Barrington Clare
Published: February 2022

The emotional burden of an HIV diagnosis can impact HIV outcomes and overall well-being. We piloted a four-session individual-level emotional well-being intervention, offered during HIV care visits, for gay and bisexual men living with HIV in Guatemala City who were recently diagnosed or reengaged in care. To assess intervention impact in a contextualized manner, we conducted longitudinal qualitative interviews (n = 3) with study participants (n = 10) over 12 months. Data analysis included thematic coding using NVivo and longitudinal narrative summaries and matrices to identify narratives of change and assess intervention impact. Participants experienced changes in their view of self and diagnosis perceptions, improved physical and mental health, increased interest in sex and relationships, and a clarification of their life goals. The intervention helped participants reach diagnosis acceptance, improve self-esteem, and gain self-efficacy for managing life with HIV. Findings support the importance of integrating emotional well-being into HIV care.
Deconstructing Synaptotagmin-1's Distinct Roles in Synaptic Vesicle Priming and Neurotransmitter Release
Authors: Bouazza-Arostegui Boris , Camacho Marcial , Brockmann Marisa M. , Zobel Sina , Rosenmund Christian
Published: February 2022

Synaptotagmin-1 (SYT1) is a synaptic vesicle resident protein that interacts via its C2 domain with anionic lipids from the plasma membrane in a calcium-dependent manner to efficiently trigger rapid neurotransmitter (NT) release. In addition, SYT1 acts as a negative regulator of spontaneous NT release and regulates synaptic vesicle (SV) priming. How these functions relate to each other mechanistically and what role other synaptotagmin (SYT) isoforms play in supporting and complementing the role of SYT1 is still under intensive investigation. In this work, we analyzed three putative functions of SYT1 in exocytosis by systematically varying its expression in autaptic hippocampal glutamatergic neurons from mice of either sex. We find that regulation of release probability is most sensitive to variation of expression levels, whereas its impact on vesicle priming is least sensitive. Also, loss of SYT1 phenotypes on spontaneous release and vesicle priming is compensated in less mature synaptic cultures by redundant support from SYT7. Overall, our data help in resolving some controversies in SYT1 functions in exocytosis and in our understanding of how SYT1 contributes to the pathophysiology underlying SYT1-related human neurologic disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur work clarifies the functions of SYT1 protein in synaptic vesicle priming and spontaneous and calcium-evoked neurotransmitter release and analyzes whether these occur at different stages of synaptic responses by examining their relative sensitivity to protein concentration at the synaptic terminal. We demonstrate that these synaptic functions are unequally sensitive to both protein levels and neuronal stage, indicating that they operate under distinct molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we analyze how these functions are modulated by another synaptotagmin isoform expression. We show that to understand the phenotype displayed by SYT1 knock-out neurons (Syt1−/−) is necessary to consider the interplay between SYT1 and SYT7 molecules at the presynaptic terminal.
Pengendalian Rayap Tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Avicennia marina
Authors: Aflah Ulin Nikmatul , Subekti Niken , R. Susanti R. Susanti
Published: February 2022

Termite is one type of insect include order Isoptera, that recorded about 200 species in Indonesia and has been identified just 179 species. Economic losses aused of termites in Indonesia have reached billions rupiah each year. One of the control it using the vegetable insecticide, which can be used as an alternative to ontroled insect because it meets the criteria that is safe, cheap, and easy to apply the farmers. One of the ingredients that can be used as an insecticide substitute is the mangrove. Secondary metabolites found in mangroves   are   alkaloids,   phenolics,   steroids   and   terpenoids   where   the   active   component   is pharmacological, toxic and ecologic. This study aims to determine the effect of mangrove leaf extract of Avecennia marina as a vegetable pesticide against mortality of ground termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. The design of this study was experimental study with the dose tested 5 different treatments is0% (C-), 0.5%, 1%, 2% and borax 1% (C +) and the different duration is 3 hours, 5 hours, and 7 hours in5 repetitions. Data analysis using factorial test followed by Duncan test. Based on the result of the research, the concentration of 0,5% mangrove leaf extract solution with 3 hours long wood soak can kill the ground termite of Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren 100% in 3 weeks.

Keywords: termites, mangroves, pesticides vegetable rayap, bakau, pestisida   nabati

 

Rayap merupakan salah satu jenis serangga dalam ordo Isoptera yang tercatat di Indonesia sekitar 200 jenis dan baru 179 jenis yang sudah teridentifikasi. Kerugian ekonomis akibat rayap di Indonesia telah mencapai   milyaran   rupiah   tiap   tahunnya. Salah satu pengendaliannya dengan menggunakan insektisida nabati, yang dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengendalian serangga hama karena memenuhi kriteria yaitu aman, murah, dan mudah diterapkan petani. Salah satu bahan yang dapat digunakan sebagi bahan subtitusi insektisida adalah   bakau. Metabolit sekunder yang ditemukan pada bakau-bakauan adalah golongan alkaloid, fenolat, steroid dan terpenoid dimana komponen aktif tersebut bersifat farmakologik, toksik dan ekologik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun bakau Avecennia marina   sebagai pestisida nabati terhadap mortalitas rayap tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan dosis yang diujikan5 perlakuan berbeda yakni 0% (C-), 0,5%, 1%, 2% dan boraks 1% (C+) serta variasi lama rendam kayu 3 jam, 5 jam, dan 7 jam sebanyak 5 kali ulangan. Analisis data menggunakan uji Faktorial dilanjutkan uji Duncan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh konsentrasi larutan ekstrak daun bakau 0,5% dengan lama rendam kayu 3 jam efektif dapat membunuh rayap tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren sebesar 100% dalam 3 minggu.

Keywords: termites, mangroves, pesticides vegetable,  rayap, bakau, pestisida   nabati
Pertumbuhan Kecambah Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro pada Konsentrasi NaClO dan Waktu Sterilisasi yang Berbeda
Authors: Nida Khoirin , Luaeliyah Masrukhatul , Nurchayati Yulita , Izzati Munifatul , Setiari Nintya
Published: February 2022

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) have been cultivated with tubers. One alternative to the propagation of potatoes can be done with seeds that are germinated in vitro. The factors that influence the germination of potato seeds are the concentration of sterilant and time of sterilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the proper sterilant concentration and sterilization time to increase growth in the optimal percentage of germination and potato sprouts. The method used is in vitro culture with different concentrations and time treatment. This study used explants of potato seeds which were sterilized with a concentration of 15%  and 20%, 1 and 3 minutes of sterilization. The design used a completely randomized design 2x2 factorial. The factor are sterilant concentration and sterilization time. The parameters observed were germination time, plant height, number of leaves and roots. The results showed that sterile concentration did not affect of germination time but affected the germination. A 15% concentration indicates that germination occurs rapidly, while a 20% concentration inhibits germination. A 15% concentration results in an optimal number of leaves and plant height. The higher the concentration of sterile, tends to inhibit the growth of roots and leaves.

Keywords: Sprouts; potatoes; in vitro culture; NaClO; growth; sterilization, Kecambah; kentang; kultur in vitro; NaClO; pertumbuhan; sterilisasi

 

Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) selama ini dibudidayakan dengan umbi. Salah satu alternatif perbanyakan kentang dapat dilakukan dengan biji yang dikecambahkan secara in vitro. Faktor yang mempengaruhi perkecambahan biji kentang adalah konsentrasi sterilan dan waktu sterilisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui konsentrasi sterilan (yang mengandung zat aktif 5,25% NaClO) dan waktu sterilisasi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan persentase perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan kecambah kentang. Metode yang digunakan adalah kultur in vitro biji kentang dengan perlakuan konsentrasi sterilan dan waktu sterilisasi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan eksplan biji kentang yang dilakukan sterilisasi dengan konsentrasi sterilan 15% dan 20% dan waktu sterilisasi 1 menit dan 3 menit. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial 2x2. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi sterilan dan faktor kedua adalah waktu sterilisasi. Parameter yang diamati adalah waktu perkecambahan, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan jumlah akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi sterilan tidak berpengaruh terhadap waktu perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan kecambah. Konsentrasi sterilan 15% menyebabkan waktu perkecambahan cenderung lebih cepat dan konsentrasi sterilan 20% cenderung menghambat pertumbuhan kecambah.

Keywords: Sprouts; potatoes; in vitro culture; NaClO; growth; sterilization, Kecambah; kentang; kultur in vitro; NaClO; pertumbuhan; sterilisasi
Perbedaan Kadar IgA dan IL6 Pada Penumpang â€œBiosmart and Safety Busâ€ pada Memakai Masker Herbal dan Masker Medis
Authors: Rahajeng Herera , Prasetyo Awal , Susilaningsih Neni , Sadhana Udadi , Maharani Nani , Asri Hairul
Published: February 2022

Viral infections that attack the respiratory tract are currently a major problem globally. The spread of viral infection can be one of the risks by passengers of the bus. The government's efforts being developed are the application of biosmart and safety buses designed to prevent the virus with stake holders. One of the health protocols is the use of masks. The purpose of this study was to see the differences in IgA and IL6 levels before and after the use of medical masks and herbal masks. Nasal wash samples were taken and analyzed by ELISA. The results obtained were the level of  IgA for the control group before wearing medical masks was 23.46834 pg/ml and after wearing 29.74473 pg/ml. While the IL6 levels before were 1.10544 ng / ml and after -2.04119 ng/ml. The results of the IgA in the experimental group before using the herbal mask 24.00840 pg/ml and after using was 29.74473 pg/ml. Meanwhile, the level of IL6 before was 0.91682 ng/ml and after 0.500157 ng/ml. Based on the results, there was an increase in IgA levels after the use of medical masks and herbal masks while IL6 levels decreased after the use of medical and herbal masks.

Keywords:

Herbal mask; IgA; IL6, Masker herbal;IgA;IL6

 

Infeksi virus yang menyerang saluran pernapasan saat ini menjadi masalah utama secara global. Penyebaran agen infeksi virus dapat menjadi salah satu risiko yang dihadapi penumpang moda transportasi Bus. Upaya Pemerintah seperti yang saat ini dikembangkan adalah pengaplikasian biosmart and safety bus yang dirancang guna menghambat persebaran virus dengan stake holder yang tepat. Salah satu penerapan protokol kesehatan adalah penggunaan masker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat perbedaan kadar IgA dan IL6 sebelum dan sesudah pemakaian masker medis dan masker herbal pada penumpang biosmart and safety bus. Pengambilan sampel nasal wash dilakukan dan dianalisis dengan ELISA. Penelitian ini merupakan quasi experimental dengan prepost test randomized control design. Hasil yang didapat adalah kadar IgA untuk kelompok kontrol sebelum pemakaian masker medis 23,46834 pg/ml dan setelah memakai masker medis 29,74473 pg/ml. Sementara kadar IL6 sebelum adalah 1,10544 ng/ml dan setelah -2,04119 ng/ml. Hasil IgA kelompok eksperimen sebelum pemakaian masker herbal 24,00840 pg/ml dan setelah memakai masker herbal 29,74473 pg/ml. Sementara kadar IL6 sebelum adalah 0,91682 ng/ml dan setelah 0,500157 ng/ml. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat peningkatan kadar IgA setelah pemakaian masker medis dan masker herbal sementara kadar IL6 mengalami penurunan setelah pemakaian masker medis dan masker herbal.

Keywords:

Herbal mask; IgA; IL6, Masker herbal;IgA;IL6
Peranan Jenis Media, Sumber Hormon Alami dan Teknik Induksi Akar Planlet dalam Aklimatisasi Pule Pandak
Authors: Rochmah Siti , Rahayu Enni Suwarsi
Published: February 2022

Pule pandak is a plant that has medicinal. Pule pandak seeds have a hard coat that makes it difficult to germinate naturally. Plant tissue culture can be an alternative that is able to overcome the difficulty of seed germination which then needs to be acclimatized. Factors that influence the success of acclimatization include media type, induction technique and growth regulators. This study aims to analyze the role of media types, natural hormone sources and plantlet root induction techniques. This study used a randomized block design with three factors, the type of media (cocopeat, vermiculite and sand), natural hormone sources (coconut water and bean sprouts extract) and root induction techniques (in vitro + ex vitro and ex vitro). The parameters observed were the number of roots, number of leaves, plant height and percentage of life. Data were analyzed by three-way Anava and Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the type of media had no effect on the number of roots, number of leaves, plant height and percentage of life. Natural hormone sources of bean sprouts extract affect the number of roots, number of leaves and plant height. Root induction techniques in vitro + ex vitro affected number of roots.

 

Pule pandak adalah tanaman yang memiliki khasiat sebagai bahan obat. Biji pule pandak memiliki kulit biji yang keras sehingga sulit berkecambah secara alami. Kultur jaringan tanaman dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif yang mampu mengatasi kesulitan perkecambahan biji yang selanjutnya perlu dilakukan aklimatisasi. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan aklimatisasi antara lain jenis media, teknik induksi dan zat pengatur tumbuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peranan jenis media, sumber hormon alami dan teknik induksi akar planlet. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok tiga faktor yaitu jenis media (cocopeat, vermikulit dan pasir), sumber hormon alami (air kelapa dan ekstrak tauge) dan teknik induksi akar (in vitro+ex vitro dan ex vitro). Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah akar, jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman dan persentase hidup. Data dianalisis dengan Anava tiga arah dan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis media tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah akar, jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman dan persentase hidup. Sumber hormon alami ekstrak tauge berpengaruh terhadap jumlah akar, jumlah daun dan tinggi tanaman. Teknik induksi akar secara in vitro+ex vitro berpengaruh terhadap jumlah akar.
Profiling steroid and thyroid hormones with hair analysis in a cohort of women aged 25 to 45 years old
Authors: Peng Feng-Jiao , Palazzi Paul , Mezzache Sakina , Bourokba Nasrine , Soeur Jeremie , Appenzeller Brice M R
Published: February 2022

Objective

Endogenous hormones regulate numerous physiological processes in humans. Some of them are routinely measured in blood, saliva and/or urine for the diagnosis of disorders. The analysis of fluids may, however, require multiple samples collected at different time points to avoid the high variability in the concentration of some hormones. In contrast, hair analysis has been proposed as an interesting alternative to reveal average hormone levels over a longer period. In this work, we developed and validated an analytical method for analyzing 36 endogenous steroid and thyroid hormones and one pineal hormone in human hair using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS).

Methods

Sample preparation involved hair decontamination, pulverization, methanol extraction, and purification with C18-solid phase extraction. Extracts were then divided into two portions, respectively injected into an UPLC-MS/MS system, and analyzed using two different instrumental methods. The method was applied to a healthy female population aged 25–45 years.

Results

The method was validated on supplemented hair samples for the 37 targeted hormones, and its application to the population under study allowed to detect 32 compounds in 2–100% of the samples. Complete reference intervals (2.5–97.5th percentiles) were established for estrone, 17β-estradiol, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, cortisone, cortisol and 3,3’,5-triiodo-L-thyronine. Hair cortisone, cortisol, tetrahydrocortisone and tetrahydrocortisol concentrations were highly correlated with each other, with Kendall’s τ correlation coefficients ranging from 0.52 to 0.68.

Conclusion

Allowing the detection of 32 hormones from different chemical classes, the present method will allow to broaden hormonal profiling for better identifying endocrine disorders.
EL IMPUESTO DE SALIDA DE LAS PERSONAS JURÍDICAS EN LA LEY DE IMPUESTO SOBRE SOCIEDADES ESPAÑOLA
Authors: ALVAREZ-ARIAS ORLANDO
Published: February 2022

Los impuestos de salida, aunque puedan estar justificados válidamente por la preservación del reparto equilibrado de la potestad tributaria entre los Estados miembros dentro del contexto de evitar la elusión fiscal, su regulación concreta puede ser contraria al Derecho Comunitario, si va más allá de lo necesario para asegurar las razones de imperioso interés general, que le sirven de fundamento. En este trabajo, abordamos ciertos aspectos de la regulación de los impuestos de salida, previstos en la Directiva Antiabuso y en la Ley 27/2014 del Impuesto sobre Sociedades, que resultan contrarios al derecho comunitario, pues no son adecuados, necesarios y las ventajas introducidas no superan las desventajas producidas a las restricciones que causan a las libertades fundamentales previstas en el Derecho Originario de la Unión Europea.
ESP Siria en perspectiva:
Authors: López Laura
Published: February 2022

Este libro propone un recorrido por la crisis siria, sus causas internas y la decisiva intervención en la misma de potencias regionales y globales. También trata sobre la dimensión propagandística y militar de la crisis para concluir presentando la posible evolución de Siria en un futuro mediato teniendo siempre presente un factor clave en la sociedad siria: su genuino y arraigado carácter cultural interconfesional derivado de la presencia histórica en su territorio de múltiples manifestaciones religiosas.
LOS INTERESES DE LA FEDERACIÓN DE RUSIA EN AMÉRICA LATINA COMO ESPACIO ESTRATÉGICO DENTRO DE UN MUNDO MULTIPOLAR
Authors: Rivas de Hernández Silvia Marina
Published: February 2022

A principios del siglo XXI con la ascensión de Vladimir Putin a la presidencia, la Federación de Rusia consolidó una actividad internacional más global a partir de estrategias marcadas en el establecimiento y fortalecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas, económicas y políticas con países sobresalientes de otras latitudes. Su finalidad ha sido lograr alcanzar su interés prioritario: reemerger como potencia global dentro de la estructura internacional. Así, Rusia amplió su espectro de acción exterior más allá del diplomático, incluyendo apertura de relaciones comerciales con la venta de armamento y la inversión en energía, moviéndose así hacia un acercamiento mayor con otros actores regionales de espacios como América Latina. Utilizando el realismo estructural propuesto por Keneth Waltz y su variante de realismo ofensivo bajo los supuestos de Mearsheimer, se describen los intereses de la Federación de Rusia en la región latinoamericana, con especial énfasis en los países sudamericanos y México, lo que podría colocarle en consecuencia, como potencia global dentro de la estructura internacional vigente a través de la influencia en zonas extrarregionales. Por otra parte, se explica cómo la predominancia histórica de Estados Unidos sobre Latinoamérica se vería mermada, en la medida que Rusia logre formar parte de las potencias con influencia en la región. A pesar de que los factores iniciales de apertura al fortalecimiento de las relaciones ruso- latinoamericanas se encuentren debilitados, los países latinoamericanos siguen sosteniendo la relación con Rusia, aunque se vean reducidas a términos diplomáticos y culturales. Los esfuerzos de Rusia en términos de cooperación sanitaria hacia algunos países en la región de cara al combate de la COVID19, marcará el poder de influencia y de consolidación del Estado ruso como socio en Latinoamérica durante los próximos años.
Vitamin K and the Newborn Infant
Authors: Hand Ivan , Noble Lawrence , Abrams Steven A.
Published: February 2022

Intramuscular administration of vitamin K for prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) has been a standard of care since the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended it in 1961. Despite the success of prevention of VKDB with vitamin K administration, the incidence of VKDB appears to be on the rise. This increase in incidence of VKDB is attributable to parental refusal as well as lowered efficacy of alternate methods of administration. The aim of this statement is to discuss the current knowledge of prevention of VKDB with respect to the term and preterm infant and address parental concerns regarding vitamin K administration.
EL LEGADO DEL ARSÉNICO Y MERCURIO EN EL COMPLEJO CENAGOSO RAMSAR DE AYAPEL, (CÓRDOBA, COLOMBIA): APROXIMACIÓN A LA MACROCUENCA MAGDALENA-CAUCA
Authors: Pedraza Mary Luz , Espinosa Ramírez Adriana Janneth
Published: February 2022

Colombia, país localizado al norte de Suramérica, afronta diferentes conflictos socioambientales y es uno de los más contaminados por mercurio en el mundo, situación que amenaza la riqueza natural y la biodiversidad del neotrópico, reconocida por sus altos niveles de endemismos. El complejo de humedales de Ayapel (Sitio Ramsar) ubicado al norte del país, reporta el desembarco del 23 % de la producción pesquera de la macrocuenca Magdalena-Cauca y a su vez sufre alta presión por minería de aluvión. Este trabajo evaluó la presencia de dos disruptores endocrinos, mercurio (Hg) y arsénico (As), en peces de consumo humano, agua y sedimentos, colectados en las ciénagas central de Ayapel, Escobillas y Paticos. En el sedimento y en el agua se registraron concentraciones de arsénico no reportadas previamente, y al ser un cancerígeno, es un hallazgo relevante ya que también puede estar presente en los cultivos de arroz, lo que aumenta el riesgo toxicológico para los pobladores de la región. Adicionalmente, el 96 % de los peces presentaron simultáneamente Hg y As con diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las especies. El blanquillo (Sorubim cuspicaudus) fue el más contaminado por ambos polutantes y el bocachico (Prochilodus magdalenae) registró el nivel más alto de Hg en los últimos 15 años para la zona. Los niveles de Hg en la ictiofauna de la macrocuenca (1993-2020) alertan sobre los impactos no monitoreados en las redes tróficas y la urgencia de acciones intersectoriales para proteger la biodiversidad y la salud humana.
Are we there yet? An analysis of visitor attitudes towards sustainability awareness raising initiatives
Authors: Raffay-Danyi Ágnes , Formadi Katalin
Published: February 2022

Sustainable practices aiming to reduce environmental impacts have become key guiding principles of events, but initiatives focusing on the economic impacts and on supporting the local economy and society are also gaining more emphasis in event planning and management. Music festivals attracting larger audiences are becoming especially aware of the importance of sustainability as well as of their role in the process of raising participants’ awareness of it. The paper aims to assess the initiatives of the Street Music Festival in Veszprém, Hungary, one of the flagship events of the city, from both the participants’ and the organisers’ perspective. For the investigation of participant attitudes, a questionnaire survey was conducted, while the organisers’ views on sustainability were sought through interviews. The findings show that although respondents rate the importance of sustainability as very high, their contribution to responsible consumption is far from what could be considered sustainable, therefore better communication of the initiatives or stricter rules need to be introduced. The interviewees revealed that organisers consider economic sustainability just as important as the environmental issues, and gave an insight into the rationale behind sustainability enhancing initiatives, some of which have a marketing function as well as protecting the environment.
Historical and new records of the Irrawaddy Dolphins, Orcaella brevirostris (Owen in Gray, 1866) (Cetacea, Delphinidae) from the east coast of South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Fauziyah  , Agustriani Fitri , Rozirwan  , Mustopa Apon Z. , Gozali Irianes C. , Iqbal Muhammad , Ningsih Ellis N.
Published: February 2022

Irrawaddy Dolphin, Orcaella brevirostris (Owen in Gray, 1866), has been reported in the waters of Berbak Sembilang National Park, Indonesia, since 1990. We used interview techniques, direct observations, and secondary data from the literature to show that this dolphin occurs on the east coast of South Sumatra from October to February. An Irrawaddy Dolphin bycatch was recorded on 26 January 2021 in a gillnet. There have been historical sightings of fewer than six individuals of Irrawaddy Dolphins between 1990 and 2013 in the estuaries of Bogem, Bungin, Ngirawan, Terusan Dalam, Betet Island, Banyuasin, Lalan, and Tanjung Carat to Makarti Jaya. We map the geographic distribution of Irrawaddy Dolphin in South Sumatra.
The Idea and the Man (a response to Yamabe Shūgaku) (1932)
Authors: Rhys Davids C.A.F.
Published: February 2022

These 3 chapters are an exchange between Yamabe Shūgaku 山辺習学 (1882–1944), writing rather generally on “Mahāyāna Buddhism and Japanese Culture” and C.A.F. Rhys Davids, a well-known British exponent of the Pāli or Theravāda tradition of Buddhism. The latter’s writing is marked not only by a decided loyalty to what she presumed to be the oldest traditions of Buddhism, but also by extremely high-flown, not to say adventurous language typical of some enthusiastic religious writing of her period. Yet by her literary devices she was trying to make a serious point about the status of conceptualized doctrine in Buddhism, to which Yamabe was quite able to respond. We see in the contributions of these two Japanese writers, Kaneko and Yamabe, both the opening of Shin Buddhist thinking to the wider tradition of Buddhist thought and, in their responsive formulations, their acceptance of the impact of perceived foreign expectations.
The Meaning of Salvation in the Doctrine of Pure Land 61 Buddhism (1965)
Authors: Daiei Kaneko
Published: February 2022

Following Kaneko’s article “Shin Buddhism as I believe it,” we look ahead to his further article on “The Meaning of Salvation in the Doctrine of Pure Land Buddhism,” which appeared in 1965. Thus by bringing altogether three articles by Kaneko, we introduce in this volume a respected “voice” of Shin Buddhism which, bridging the tragic war years, sought to engage international attention in long-term continuity.
The Mahāyāna Structure of Shinran’s Thought (1984)
Authors: Yoshifumi Ueda
Published: February 2022

Ueda Yoshifumi studied at Tokyo University’s department of Indian and Buddhist Studies, gaining his doctorate in 1948 and becoming professor at Nagoya University until 1986, after which he became the principal of Chikushi Jogakuen Tanki Daigaku 筑紫女学園短期大学, a junior college for women. He represents a voice from the Nishi Honganji denomination of Shin Buddhism, though not an official one. Indeed his extremely insightful writings make no easy reading for those who would protect doctrinal positions against any tendencies to de-literalise them.
Mount Kōya Today
Authors: Tinsley Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

In this chapter, the author concentrates on discussing the changes that happened in Kōya since the beginning of the 20th century.
Nichiren Temples in Kyōto: Honkokuji
Authors: Suzuki Beatrice Lane
Published: February 2022

In this chapter, the author focuses on presenting the history and architecture of the Nichiren temples, founded by the monk Nichiren who created the Lotus Sūtra. The text concentrates on the Honkokuji temple, in Kyōto.
Introduction
Authors: Pye Michael
Published: February 2022

Early issues of The Eastern Buddhist contain short translations from various Buddhist texts, some of them quite important and all of considerable interest. Since they are set unobtrusively between modern statements and arguments about the nature of Buddhism, and in any case are difficult to locate, they have often gone unnoticed by students. Assembled here is a selection of those texts which have stood the test of time. Drawn from Sanskrit, Chinese and Japanese originals, they mainly reflect the Zen and Shin Buddhist traditions, though in the wider context of early Mahāyāna Buddhism. Drawing them together into one volume brings out the fact that these varied Buddhist traditions are intricately related to each other. The result is an unusual and fascinating reader which would grace many a course in Buddhist studies. This volume presents a variety of texts which express some of the spirituality of the Buddhist tradition in generally accessible forms. For this very reason, and sometimes intentionally, these texts point to a transcending of any distinction between monastic and lay persons. It is in this perspective that we are able to refer to “Lay Buddhism and Spirituality” in the title of the book.
Nāgārjuna’s Mahāyāna-viṃśaka
Authors: Susumu Yamaguchi
Published: February 2022

This chapter presents the translation of the Mahāyānaviṃśaka into English.
The Rite of Reception into Jōdo Shinshū
Authors: Bornstein Dan
Published: February 2022

This chapter is an overview of the rite for the reception of new members into the Ōtani branch of Jōdo Shinshū (Jōdo Shinshū Ōtani-ha), followed by translations of the sections marked with an asterisk. This rite is known as the Kikyōshiki. Where applicable the translation follows the Service Book of the Higashi Honganji (Shinshū Ōtani ha) of the North America District. The word gāthā means “verses” in Sanskrit, and is used here to correspond to its Japanese transliteration ge, as in Shōshinge.
The Awakening of Self in Buddhsim
Authors: Keiji Nishitani
Published: February 2022

This essay goes beyond the denominational characteristics of Japanese Zen in its characterization of Buddhism.