bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urinalysis, Malaria Random Diagnostic Methods and Clinical Symptoms in the Prediction of Malaria Parasitaemia among Pregnant Women in Umuahia and Ikwuano, Abia State, Nigeria
Authors: Etusim P.E. , Ihemanma C.A. , Victor C.N. , Ogbuka C.E. , Arunsi U.O. , Melariri P.E.
Published: February 2024

This study was targeted at assessing malaria prevalence, clinical symptoms and urine abnormalities associated with malaria in  pregnancy. A cross-sectional study involving 250 pregnant women selected from five healthcare facilities in three local government areas  of Abia state, was conducted. Data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaires and patients’ blood and urine samples  collected. Thick and thin blood films microscopy as well as malaria random kits were used to diagnose malaria. Medi-test combi 9 urine  test strip was used to check urine abnormalities. Data were analysed using SPSS version 26. An overall malaria prevalence of 56% (95% CI:  0.42-0.60) was observed. Of the five centres, the highest prevalence was reported at PHC III in Umuahia North LGA with prevalence at  72% (95% CI: 0.51-0.98), while the lowest was reported at PHC IV in Umuahia North LGA with a prevalence of 36% (95% CI: 0.21-0.49).  Pregnant women who had headache (OR=3.316, p=0.009, 95% CI: 1.288-7. 400), catarrh (OR=3.972, p=0.032, 95% CI: 1.028-15.352) and  fever (OR=9.459, p<0.001, 95% CI: 3.767-23.753) had higher odds of malaria infection, compared to those without headache, catarrh and  fever. Malaria was largely recorded among the primigravids 71% (53/75), followed by the secundigravidae 61% (43/70) and the least,  observed among the multigravidae 43% (45/105). High malaria prevalence was observed among subjects who did not use preventive  measures (100%) with the least observed among subjects, using window nets (22%). Malaria among subjects in this study is significantly  prevalent. Proteinuria, bilirubinuria, urobilinogenuria as well as amber and clear urine macroscopy showed significant associations with  malaria in pregnancy; thus, women with these clinical features should be further tested for malaria even in asymptomatic states to  prevent the negative consequences of malaria in pregnancy.
Evaluation of Anthelmintic activities of Single and Combined Extracts of Picralima nitida and Gongronema latifolium against the Gastrointestinal parasite (Heligmosomoides bakeri)
Authors: Ojo F.T. , Idowu O.A. , Ademolu K.O. , Adenubi O.T. , Olukunle J.O.
Published: February 2024

Helminth infections are among the common infections affecting a large proportion of the world’s population, and most of these  infections are generally limited to the tropics. For 27 days, anthelmintic activities of orally administered 500mg/kg per body weight of  single and combined ethanol extracts of seeds of Picralima and roots of Amaranth globe were determined in vivo using Heligmosomoides  bakeri, a gastrointestinal parasite of rodents. Combined extracts were administered at 500 mg/kg to H. bakeri-infected mice in ratios 1:1,  2:3, 3:2, 4:1 and 1:4 of P. nitida to G. latifolium. Albendazole (10mg/kg) and distilled water were used as positive and negative controls  (untreated), respectively. Anthelmintic activities of P. nitida and G. latifolium were assessed by comparing the faecal egg count and worm  burden from the extract groups to the untreated group. Asingle extract of P. nitida at 500 mg/kg had higher (p< 0.05) chemo suppression  (88.41 %) than a single extract of G. latifolium (51.84 %). Acombination of P. nitida and G. latifolium in a ratio of 2:3 had the  highest chemo suppression of 90.07 % when compared to other dose combinations. The combined extracts had higher chemo  suppression (p<0.05) than when compared to the single extract of G. latifolium. The single extract of P. nitida and G. latifolium reduced  worm burden by 76.94% and 43.65%, respectively. However, the combination of P. nitida and G. latifolium in a ratio of 2:3 reduced the  worm burden by 79.16%. The study showed that P. nitida and G. latifolium have anthelmintic activity. G. latifolium gave better anthelmintic  activity when combined with P. nitida. P. nitida and G. latifolium could lead to the development of non-toxic, effective, and cheap  anthelmintics.
Identification of some Immunogenic Proteins of Taenia saginata/Cysticercosis and Confirmation of Observed Immunogenic Complexes Using Serum from Rabbit Inoculated with Cysts Immunogens
Authors: Uchendu G.O. , Fana E.M.
Published: February 2024

Botswana has recorded and maintained high prevalence of Taenia saginata/cysticercosis. Major economic losses arise from detained or  condemned beef from carcasses infected with bovine cysticercosis, because such meat cannot be exported to the European Union,  Botswana’s most lucrative market. For over three decades, the government of Botswana had emphasized traditional prevention and  control methods without achieving decline in incidence/prevalence of bovine cysticercosis. Vaccines and vaccination have shown to be  efficient in prevention and control of bovine cysticercosis. Following an earlier profiling of Taenia saginata/cysticercosis proteins using  one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), this study identified immunogenic proteins  (epitopes). Transblotted PVDF membranes were treated with polyclonal primary antibody of bovine origin and Rabbit anti-Bovine IgG  (H+L) Secondary Antibody HRP. Immunogenic proteins were confirmed to be specific for Taenia saginata/cysticercosis when observed in  freshly transblotted membrane that had been treated with serum obtained from rabbit inoculated with cysts immunogens containing  antibodies specific for Taenia saginata/cysticercosis and Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody Horse Radish Peroxidase (HRP).  Eight (8) immunogenic proteins ranging from 14 to 245kDa were identified. Chilling of samples did not cause significant decrease (p  <0.05) in samples’protein quantity although, immunogenic proteins were lost after 7 days of chilling. Further purification and  characterization of these identified 8 immunogenic proteins are recommended as these are essential inputs in vaccine and ante-mortem  test kit development.
Random Forest based estimate to assess the damages of future earthquakes: preliminary results
Authors: Di Michele Federica , Stagnini Enrico , Pera Donato , Aloisio Roberto , Marcati Pierangelo
Published: February 2024

In this paper we present a case study where the Random Forest (RF) Classifier, has been used to estimate the damage to buildings caused by a (possible) future earthquake, starting from the data of past earthquakes. This prelaminar work is based on the Shakedado dataset, which contains information on buildings and ground shaking parameters for the six major earthquakes that occurred in Italy between 1981 and 2012. We perform the following two conceptual experiments • E1: Assume that the sequence that hit Emilia has just ended and the data relating to the other major earthquakes  happened in the past (L’Aquila, Pollino, and Irpinia) are available, then calculate the level of damage for each building in the Emila dataset. • E2: Assume that the sequence that hit Pollino has just ended and the data relating to the other major earthquakes happened in the past (L’Aquila, Emilia) are available, then calculate the level of damage for each building in the Pollino dataset. Both training and test datasets contain only masonry buildings located within 10 km of the main shock of each sequence. The results show the RF algorithm’s ability to discriminate between buildings with light/no damage from those with medium/severe damage, with a good accuracy, especially for E1.
O przyjaźni: Ingarden – Witkiewicz – Szuman
Authors: Sosnowski Leszek
Published: February 2024

The main purpose of the article is to present the correspondence between Ingarden and Szuman, which necessarily requires including Witkacy in the discussion as a link between the scholars. The article has been divided into several parts, which cover the pre-war period, the time of war and the post-war era. Each of the periods had its own thematic specificity; the first discusses personal matters, the second scientific ones, and the third scientific-administrative ones.
Stefan Szuman – nieznany pionier kognitywizmu. Geneza przedmiotu a cykl percepcyjny Neissera
Authors: Kubicka Dorota
Published: February 2024

Urlic Neisser (1928–2012) is widely considered to be one of the leading figures of contemporary psychology. This scholar is also thought to have come up with an original idea concerning the constructive nature of the perception process referred to as Neisser’s cycle of perception (1976; 1978). The thesis has contributed to the development of scientific psychology, but few notice that the idea ascribed to Neisser had been developed much earlier by Stefan Szuman (1889–1972) in his concept known as the genesis of the object (1932). Comparing the two concepts makes one conclude that they are strikingly similar and that novel ideas originating on the fringes of a given field are not given enough credit.
Employees’ dilemmas in the contemporary labor market
Authors: Kwiatkowski Stefan M.
Published: February 2024

Th article concerns employees’ situation on the contemporary labour market. In particular, the essence of changes in work environment and the competences necessary to carry them out were characterized. Subsequently, the attention was focused on the employees’ confusion in the face of technological and organizational changes and on the conditions enabling the understanding of the goals and consequences of these changes. A separate place is devoted to the considerations on the ways of reacting to the changes occurring.

Dylematy pracowników na współczesnym rynku pracy

Artykuł jest poświęcony sytuacji pracowników na współczesnym rynku pracy. W szczególności scharakteryzowano istotę zmian w środowisku pracy oraz niezbędne do ich przeprowadzenia kompetencje. W dalszej kolejności skoncentrowano uwagę na zagubieniu pracowników w obliczu zmian technologicznych i organizacyjnych oraz na warunkach umożliwiających zrozumienie celów i konsekwencji tych zmian. Osobne miejsce zajmują rozważania na temat sposobów reakcji – zareagowania na występujące zmiany.
The universal dimension of work in the light of selected socio-economic transformations
Authors: Gerlach Ryszard
Published: February 2024

The work of man is a subject that falls within the interest of various scientific disciplines. In this article, it is considered from the perspective of pedagogy, specifi cally one of the sub-disciplines of labour pedagogy. It is a universal concept, constituting an important research problem in this scientific sub-discipline. The purpose of the discussions in this study is to show the relevance of the universal dimension of human labour in light of the socio-economic transformations that are occurring extremely rapidly, especially in recent years. This was done using a literature analysis, mainly of the latest research. Scientific research and theoretical analyses on the topic of labour have not been frequently undertaken by labour pedagogues lately. In analysing the literature on this subject, the directions and character of permanent changes in labour were emphasised. Recognising that labour still is and will be a universal value, at least in the foreseeable future, the necessity of adapting education, mainly vocational, to anticipated changes was stressed. Therefore, this remains a current area of research and analysis concerning human labour and education for labour, as well as in the course of labour.

Uniwersalny wymiar pracy w świetle wybranych przeobrażeń społeczno-gospodarczych

Praca człowieka to zagadnienie będące w obszarze zainteresowań różnych dyscyplin naukowych. W niniejszym artykule rozpatrywana jest w ujęciu pedagogiki, a w szczególności jednej z subdyscyplin pedagogiki pracy. Jest to pojęcie uniwersalne, stanowiące ważny problem badawczy tej subdyscypliny naukowej. Celem rozważań w tym opracowaniu jest ukazanie aktualności uniwersalnego wymiaru pracy człowieka w świetle przeobrażeń społeczno-gospodarczych zachodzących niezwykle szybko, szczególnie w ostatnich latach. Zrobiono to wykorzystując analizę literatury, głównie najnowszej. Badania naukowe i analizy teoretyczne na temat pracy nie były ostatnio zbyt często podejmowane przez pedagogów pracy. Analizując literaturę na ten temat podkreślano kierunki i charakter permanentnych zmian w pracy. Uznając, że praca nadal jest i będzie wartością uniwersalną, przynajmniej w dającej się przewidzieć przyszłości, podkreślono konieczność dostosowywania edukacji, głównie zawodowej do antycypowanych zmian. Jest to więc nadal aktualny obszar badań i analiz dotyczących pracy człowieka oraz edukacji dla pracy, a także w toku pracy.
Managing own development in the experiences of candidates for the teaching profession
Authors: Łukasik Joanna M.
Published: February 2024

The article focuses on the importance of managing personal and professional development. Based on pedagogical and psychological concepts, research on self-development, self-esteem and openness was undertaken among the graduates of teaching specialisation, all of whom had participated in university coaching classes on self-development. The respondents were 6 art education graduates who had undergone a full cycle of training for the profession (these were all art education graduates who had taken coaching classes during their undergraduate and graduate studies). The study used qualitative content analysis of the mini-essays to answer the research questions: How do you define personal development? and: What is the value of personal development? The identified categories (according to the adopted qualitative strategy) made it possible to draw conclusions for teacher training as well as to permanently introduce developmental coaching into the curriculum of a certain art university.

Zarządzanie własnym rozwojem w doświadczeniach kandydatów do zawodu nauczyciela

W prezentowanym artykule skoncentrowano się na znaczeniu i wartości umiejętności zarządzania własnym rozwojem w rozwoju osobistym i w pracy nauczyciela. Bazując na pedagogicznych i psychologicznych koncepcjach: samorozwoju, samooceny, otwartości, podjęto badania nad wskazanymi komponentami wśród absolwentów specjalności nauczycielskiej, którzy przeszli podczas studiów zajęcia z coachingu rozwojowego. Badani – to 6 absolwentów edukacji artystycznej, którzy przeszli pełen cykl kształcenia do zawodu (byli to wszyscy absolwenci tego kierunku uczestniczący w zajęciach z coachingu podczas studiów licencjackich i magisterskich). W badaniu zastosowano jakościową analizę treści miniesejów dla uzyskania odpowiedzi na pytania badawcze: W jaki sposób badane określają rozwój osobisty? oraz Jaką indywidualną wartość ma dla badanych rozwój osobisty? Wyodrębnione w toku analiz (zgodnie z przyjętą strategia jakościową) kategorie umożliwiły wyprowadzenie wniosków dla praktyki kształcenia zawodowego oraz wprowadzenia na stałe do planów i programów studiów jednej z uczelni artystycznych treści wiedzy i umiejętności realizowanych podczas zajęć indywidualnych z zakresu coachingu rozwojowego, zarządzania własnym potencjałem/rozwojem.
Attributions of educational and professional paths: Analysing reasons for adolescent and young adults choices
Authors: Duda Ewa , Tłuściak-Deliowska Aleksandra , Barbara-Cardona Josette
Published: February 2024

The choice of a specific educational and professional path is a significant decision. In the presented qualitative research, attention was focused on causal attributions and their importance in the process of explaining the decisions made by students of Warsaw general secondary school graduating class. Findings show that: (1) depending on the educational stage, the attribution of choices varies; (2) regarding the earlier educational stage, external attribution is dominant. The knowledge of the specifics of the causal attribution processes in relation to the choice of the educational and occupational path allows of a better understanding and guidance on making these choices.

Atrybucje ścieżek edukacyjno-zawodowych: Analiza przyczyn wyborów dokonywanych przez nastolatków i młodych dorosłych

Wybór określonej ścieżki edukacyjno-zawodowej jest ważną decyzją. W prezentowanych badaniach jakościowych zwrócono uwagę na atrybucje przyczynowe i ich znaczenie w procesie wyjaśniania decyzji podejmowanych przez uczniów ostatniej klasy warszawskich liceów ogólnokształcących. Wyniki pokazują, że: (1) w zależności od etapu edukacyjnego atrybucja wyborów jest zróżnicowana, (2) w odniesieniu do wcześniejszego etapu edukacyjnego dominuje atrybucja zewnętrzna. Znajomość specyfi ki procesów atrybucji przyczynowej w odniesieniu do wyboru ścieżki edukacyjno-zawodowej pozwala lepiej zrozumieć i ukierunkować dokonywanie tych wyborów.
The meaning of symbols in drawings in the context of the military conflict in Ukraine
Authors: Konieczna Ewelina J. , Kiriakova Viktoriia
Published: February 2024

Research objective: To recognize the symbolism of drawings of the Ukrainian children who experienced the situation of war and necessity of emigrating from their mother country and to compare them with the content of drawings made by Polish children at the same time, that it is in the first months following the outbreak of the war in Ukraine;

The research problem and methods: What symbols can be identified in the drawings made by children of both nationalities and what their meaning is in the context of the war in Ukraine? The study applied the method of drawing and interview; Th e process of argumentation: Reconstruction of the symbolic meanings of drawings in the cultural context in the conditions of the military conflict in Ukraine;

Research results: It was possible to identify symbols of idiosyncratic character in the drawings of the Ukrainian children, that are connected with the outbreak of the war in this country (e.g., destroyed houses, missiles, rockets). In the drawings of the children of both nationalities, it was also possible to recognize symbols of neutral meaning, which – however – in the case of the Ukrainian children’s drawings made reference to the situation of war (e.g. an umbrella as protection against missiles). Interpretation of the drawings was carried out according to one schema, taking into account separate cultural contexts (Polish and Ukrainian), as well as the child’s individual experience, which was demonstrated using a drawing by a 12-year-old Ukrainian girl;

Conclusions, innovations, and recommendations: A drawing can off er an alternative method of learning about and making an attempt to understand a child, especially one who has found himself/herself in a difficult situation in life.
Perceptions of the students in vocational education and training about professional success in future entrepreneurship
Authors: Bazyl Liudmyla , Orlov Valerii , Pryhodii Mykola
Published: February 2024

The research-scientific discussion in the article is devoted to the category of ideas about career success in entrepreneurship. The theoretical part presents the main assumptions related to this category: professional education, ideas about the future career, entrepreneurship, career and entrepreneurial competence, forms and methods of work of pedagogical workers. They determined the direction of scientific research. The study was conducted within the educational paradigm. The results of the research were obtained using observational methods, in particular, the analysis of creative works of professional education students, conversations with pedagogical workers, the method of statistical analysis of empirical research data. The analysis and interpretation of the obtained data made it possible to draw conclusions about the representative sample, as well as recommendations for further research of the identified categories.

Postrzeganie studentów kształcenia i szkolenia zawodowego na temat sukcesu zawodowego w przyszłej przedsiębiorczości

Badania i dyskusja naukowa w artykule poświęcone są kategorii postrzegania sukcesu zawodowego w przedsiębiorczości. W części teoretycznej przedstawiono główne założenia związane z tą kategorią: edukacja zawodowa, wyobrażenia o przyszłej karierze, przedsiębiorczość, kariera i kompetencje przedsiębiorcze, formy i metody pracy nauczycieli. Badanie przeprowadzono w ramach paradygmatu edukacji opartej na kompetencjach. Wyniki badania uzyskano za pomocą metod obserwacyjnych, w tym analizy prac twórczych uczniów szkół zawodowych, ankiet, wywiadów z nauczycielami oraz analizy statystycznej danych empirycznych. Analiza i interpretacja uzyskanych danych pozwoliła na wyciągnięcie wniosków dotyczących reprezentatywnej próby, a także rekomendacji do dalszych badań w zidentyfikowanych kategoriach.
The Schools of Arts and Crafts of New Spain as predecessors of current technical professional education
Authors: Zhizhko Elena Anatolievna , Beltrán Gali Aleksandra , Beltrán-Saucedo Martín
Published: February 2024

In this article we present the results of the historical-pedagogical research, which objective was to establish the premises for the development of the novohispanic Schools of Arts and Crafts as predecessors of current Mexican technical professional education, through a documentary-bibliographic study. Th e authors found, that the prerequisites of the appearance of the Mexican technical professional education system were created since the 16th century, and the novohispanic Schools of Arts and Crafts were the grounds for its development. In addition, the premises for the development of the novohispanic Schools of Arts and Crafts were the introduction of new agricultural, textiles, construction, and mining extraction technologies to the new continent by the Spanish, and the request for Amerindian peoples’ instruction for its use. Th is teaching was provided by the conquistadors along with the evangelization and Castilianization of the natives in the Schools of Arts and Crafts. Later, in the 18th – early 19th centuries, there were opened the new Schools of Arts and Crafts (the schools for workers) of engraving, painting, mining, spinning, weaving, etc. – the direct predecessors of the current technical professional schools.

Szkoły Sztuki i Rzemiosła Nowej Hiszpanii jako poprzedniczki współczesnego technicznego kształcenia zawodowego

W artykule prezentujemy wyniki badań historyczno-pedagogicznych, których celem było ustalenie przesłanek rozwoju nowohiszpańskich szkół artystycznych i rzemieślniczych jako poprzedników obecnego meksykańskiego technicznego kształcenia zawodowego, poprzez analizę treści. Autorzy ustalili, że fundamenty meksykańskiego systemu technicznego kształcenia zawodowego powstawały już w XVI w., a podstawą jego rozwoju były nowohiszpańskie Szkoły Sztuki i Rzemiosła. Ponadto przesłanką do rozwoju nowohiszpańskich szkół artystycznych i rzemieślniczych było wprowadzenie przez Hiszpanów na nowy kontynent nowych technologii rolniczych, tekstylnych, budowlanych, wydobywczych i prośba o instruktaż ludów indiańskich w zakresie ich stosowania. Nauczanie to zapewniło konkwistadorom ewangelizację i kastylizację tubylców w szkołach artystycznych i rzemieślniczych. Później, w XVIII – na początku XIX w., otwarto nowe Szkoły Rzemieślnicze (szkoły robotnicze): rytownicze, malarskie, górnicze, przędzalnicze, tkackie itp., bezpośrednie poprzedniczki obecnych technicznych szkół zawodowych.
Evolution of Cooperative Models: A Comparative Analysis of Traditional Cooperatives (TC) and New Generation Cooperatives (NGC)
Authors: Ibrahim Riza Andrian , Salih Yasir , Sidiq Fahmi
Published: February 2024

Cooperatives as membership-based economic entities have experienced an evolution from the traditional model (TC) to the new generation model (NGC). TC is known for its social orientation and simple structure, but often experiences limited capital and difficulty adapting to modern business dynamics. Responding to these weaknesses, NGC comes with a business model that is more open to external capital, professional management, and full supply chain penetration. Even though it provides significant added value, NGC is faced with challenges in maintaining the social values of cooperation and relationships between members. This article analyzes the comparison between TC and NGC, highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each model, and formulates the future development direction of cooperatives that integrates the positive elements of both models. The results of this research provide a basis for formulating recommendations for cooperative development in the future. It is recommended that cooperatives adopt a flexible business model, combining traditional and modern aspects. The importance of maintaining cooperative social values is in line with increasing efficiency and competitiveness. Efforts are needed to increase member literacy in terms of business management, and cooperatives need to build strategic partnerships with external parties to support growth and innovation. It is hoped that the implementation of these recommendations can lead cooperatives towards a sustainable future and provide maximum benefits for their members.
The Incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Portuguese Multicentric Retrospective Study
Authors: Vítor Joana , Moniz Dionísio Joana , Campos Catarina , Oliveira Santos Miguel , Cruz Simão , Castelo Juliana , Castro José , Castro Isabel , Santos Mariana , Vale José , De Carvalho Mamede , Conceição Isabel
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare peripheral nervous system inflammatory disease with an annual estimated incidence of 1-2/100 000. Several studies relate GBS with vaccination, especially against influenza. The literature is discordant on GBS incidence during the pandemic. Additionally, while vaccination is globally ongoing, GBS cases have been associated with an inoculation against SARS-CoV-2.

Objective: To evaluate COVID-19 vaccination-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome cases and to establish their real incidence.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective study with analysis of the GBS incidence and clinical characteristics in the pre-pandemic period (PPP), the pandemic pre-vaccination period (PPVP), and the pandemic vaccination period (PVP).

Results: Forty-seven cases of GBS were identified: 13 in the PPP, 11 in the PPVP and 23 in the PVP. An increase in GBS cases (77%) was observed during the PVP when compared to the PPP, but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.10). Although an increase of the non-AIDP phenotype after vaccination period was observed (34.7%),

a statistically significant relationship was not found.

Conclusion: This study is the first Portuguese multicentric study regarding the incidence of GBS and SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. We hypothesize that the slight decrease in GBS during the pandemic pre-vaccination period is probably due to hygienic measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, we found a small increase in the number of GBS cases with a possible relationship with COVID-19 vaccination. Prospective studies are necessary to better characterize this relationship and take further conclusions.
COVID-19 Associated Longitudinal Extensive Transverse Myelitis with Cerebral Spinal Fluid SARS-CoV-2 Detection
Authors: Gomes Fábio , Lima Cláudia , Valente Cristina , Vaz João , Correia Lurdes , Correia Inês
Published: February 2024

There have been multiple reports of COVID-19 associated neurological symp-toms, including several cases of para-infectious myelitis.We report a case of an 84-year-old male patient presenting with acute paraparesis coinciding with active mild COVID-19 pneumonia. Spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) affecting the entire cervical cord to the tenth thoracic level, and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) was positive for SARS-CoV-2. The patient was evaluated for other causes of LETM, which were convincingly excluded. He was treated with steroid pulses and plasmapheresis, with significant imaging improvement. The patient has since made a good recovery, being now able to walk unassisted. Although several instances of COVID-19 associated myelitis have been reported, positive identification of the virus in CSF is rare. The identification of viral material may support the hypothesis of direct spinal cord infection in co-occurrence with a para-infectious inflammatory reaction.
COMPARING KEY PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF ARTISANAL AND REGULAR DPK AND PMS PRODUCTS IN RIVERS STATE-NIGERIA
Authors: ABU-MADOJEMU M. S , MARCUS A. C , FRANK O. M
Published: February 2024

Refineries in Nigeria are producing below installed capacities and this has resulted in the inability to refine enough PMS and DPK to meet local consumption. This has led to increase in the activities of artisanal refining in the Niger Delta, which invariably adulterates the product. This study was aimed at comparing the physical parameters of artisanal with regular Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) and Dual-Purpose Kerosene (DPK) to compare their compliance with ASTM standards. The artisanal PMS and DPK samples were purchased, prepared and analyzed by SOP as stated by ASTM. The results obtained for PMS were: density of artisanal PMS (APMS) (0.768±0.00035) and regular PMS (RPMS) (0.764±0.00028), Reid vapour pressure (RVP) of APMS (27.67±2.52kPa) and RPMS (45.00±1.41kPa), specific gravity of APMS (0.769±0.0004) and RPMS (0.765±0.0003), Flash point of APMS (30±0.0010C) and RPMS (<300C). Those of DPK were: density of artisanal DPK (ADPK) (0.820±0.0001) and regular DPK (RDPK) (0.787±0.420C), Specific gravity of ADPK (0.821±0.001) and RDPK (0.788±0.0001), RVP of ADPK (<1KPa) and RDPK (<1KPa), Flash point of ADPK (72.30±2.520C) and RDPK (75±2.830C). The findings revealed that specific gravity for both artisanal and regular PMS and DPK were within ASTM specification, while RVP for APMS was below ASTM specification but within ASTM specification for RPMS. Also, distillation ranges of APMS were above ASTM specification but were within ASTM specification for RPMS. Distillation ranges of ADPK before 90% were below ASTM specification but became above thereafter. Based on these findings, the study concludes that, the refining process of artisanal PMS and DPK may not have been appropriate or adulteration may have taken place which may cause problems in automotive engines, human health and the environment. However, this domestic innovation of refining can be upgraded to bring about improved quality of PMS and DPK.
ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER FROM ELEME RIVER, SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA
Authors: Okabekwa V. C. , Arinze R. U. , Tabugbo B. I. , Okafor V. N.
Published: February 2024

This study evaluated the physicochemical characteristics of water from the Eleme river in Rivers State, South-South Nigeria, to assess the water quality in the river. To determine pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), total solids (TS), dissolved oxygen (DO), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total organic carbon (TOC), chloride ion (Cl-), calcium ion (Ca2+), magnesium ion (Mg2+), and potassium ion (K+) using their standard methods, water samples were collected at two different points: station 1 (S1) and station 2 (S2). The results show that EC (1221, 1410 ?- 1cm-1), TSS (312.78, 372.01 mg/l), DO (6.09, 5.95 mg/l), Cl- (1056.41, 1056.89 mg/l) and K+ (15.24, 14.84 mg/l ) for S1 and S2 respectively were observed to be above the permissible limits recommended by some government regulatory bodies. pH of the water from S1 and S2 are 6.10 and 6.72 respectively which indicates that S1 water is below the permissible limits while S2 water is within the limits and TDS (611.09, 619.90 mg/l) for S1 and S2 respectively were within the permissible limits while TS (923.87, 991.00 mg/l), BOD5 (4.87, 4.92 mg/l), TOC (190.41, 112.01 mg/l), Ca2+ (30.90, 38.22) and Mg2+ (23.71, 28.41 mg/l) for S1 and S2 respectively were below the permissible limits. The study has shown that large volumes of untreated industrial effluents and toxicological chemicals released into the Eleme river were the primary cause of pollution loading, which was attributed to EC, TSS, DO, Cl-, and K+.
Training on Increasing the Use Value of Used Cooking Oil into Aromatherapy Candles for Bekasi Jaya Indah Housewives
Authors: Cahyaputri Bunga , Hasibuan Bernard
Published: February 2024

There are many types of household waste. One of the wastes associated with cooking and trading activities is used cooking oil. Oil waste own impact bad for health body and environment. Therefore, that need done effort utilization oil waste become something useful for minimize waste oil waste as well as reduce pollution environment by converting into products that have added value. This is one of the goals from activity devotion this, incl increase knowledge public to impact use and disposal oil waste to health body and environment. The type of method used that is with give counseling in form socialization and description information about oil cooking. Participant looks enthusiastic with knowledge management of used cooking oil and motivate them to manage used cooking oil. Participants also add Skills in utilization oil waste become product that is candle aroma therapy as well as inspired For use it in life every day, even for help economy family.
Displasias ósseas: melorreostose, paquidermoperiostose, osteocondrite vertebral e fibrodisplasia ossificante progressiva
Authors: Rosa Neto Nilton Salles , Delai Patrícia Longo Ribeiro
Published: February 2024

O diagnóstico de displasias esqueléticas requer avaliação de aspectos clínicos, radiológicos, metabólicos/bioquímicos, funcionais e moleculares, além de correlação genótipo-fenótipo. Apesar de se tratar de doenças raras, são de extrema importância para os reumatologistas que devem estar atentos aos detalhes para a correta identificação e adequado manejo destes pacientes. Descrevemos, nesta breve revisão, características epidemiológicas, fisiopatológicas, clínicas, radiográficas e terapêuticas de melorreostose, paquidermoperiostose, osteocondrite vertebral (histiocitose de células de Langerhans) e fibrodisplasia ossificante progressiva.

Unitermos: displasia esquelética; melorreostose; osteocondrite vertebral; histiocitose de células de Langerhans; paquidermoperiostose; fibrodisplasia ossificante progressiva.
Implementasi Pembiayaan Akad Ijarah di BMT UGT Sidogiri Lumajang
Authors: Sanusi Mohammad Febrim , Istikomah  , Syafi’i Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Pada kasus dilapangan di kota Lumajang masih banyak masyarakat miskin dan pedagang yang kesulitan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-harinya, dikarenakan adanya kekurangan dana sebagai bahan permodalan. Dikalangan masyarakat masih banyak yang tidak mengetahui tentang adanya koperasi dan bank yang berbasis syariah, sehingga masyarakat melakukan pembiayaan ke lembaga keuangan yang menggunakan sistem riba seperti rentenir. Dengan hadirnya koperasi syariah seperti BMT UGT Sidogiri Lumajang diharapkan menjadi jalan keluar yang diambil untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pembiayaan masyarakat. Akad ijarah merupakan pembiayaan yang ada di BMT UGT Sidogiri Lumajang yang sistemnya menggunakan sistem sewa-menyewa. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan akad ijarah di BMT UGT Sidogiri Lumajang serta memberikan pengetahuan kepada masyrakat tentang adanya koperasi syariah. Pada penelitian ini jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembiayaan akad ijarah pada BMT UGT Sidogiri Lumajang ini sangat bermanfaat untuk masyarakat atau anggota yang sedang membutuhkan pembiayaan, dan tidak ditemukan kendala pada pelaksanaan pembiayaan akad ijarah.
Kualitas Kepemimpinan Guru PAK Menjadi Figur Utama yang Diteladani Peserta Didik
Authors: Waruwu Elfin Warnius , Silaen Riste Tioma
Published: February 2024

The leadership quality of a PAK teacher has a major role in shaping the character and behavior of students. This article explores how teachers, especially PAK teachers, become central figures who become role models for students. Teacher leadership in this context is not only limited to administrative or managerial capacity, but also includes moral and ethical dimensions that influence students in various aspects of life. PAK teachers play an important role in guiding students in understanding the values, ethics and attitudes that are considered positive in society. PAK teachers are not just instructors, but role models who are looked up to by students. Therefore, the leadership qualities of Sir teachers must be taken seriously. Traits such as integrity, empathy, fairness, and firmness are the main components in forming teachers as good role models. Teacher behavior, both inside and outside the classroom, influences how students see the world and respond to it. The high leadership quality of PAK teachers has a positive impact on student character development. Teachers inspire students to achieve academic achievements and develop positive attitudes such as discipline, cooperation and responsibility. Kualitas kepemimpinan seorang Guru PAK memiliki peran utama dalam membentuk karakter dan perilaku peserta didik. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana guru, khususnya Guru PAK, menjadi figur sentral yang menjadi teladan bagi siswa. Kepemimpinan guru dalam konteks ini bukan hanya terbatas pada kapasitas administratif atau manajerial, tetapi juga mencakup dimensi moral dan etis yang memengaruhi siswa dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan. Guru PAK memainkan peran penting dalam membimbing siswa dalam memahami nilai-nilai, etika, dan sikap yang dianggap positif dalam masyarakat. Guru PAK bukan sekadar instruktur, melainkan model peran yang dijunjung tinggi oleh siswa. Oleh karena itu, kualitas kepemimpinan guru Pak harus diperhatikan dengan serius. Sifat-sifat seperti integritas, empati, keadilan, dan ketegasan adalah komponen utama dalam membentuk guru sebagai teladan yang baik. Perilaku guru, baik di dalam maupun di luar kelas, memengaruhi cara siswa melihat dunia dan meresponnya. Kualitas kepemimpinan guru PAK yang tinggi memiliki dampak positif pada perkembangan karakter siswa. Guru menginspirasi siswa untuk meraih prestasi akademis dan mengembangkan sikap positif seperti disiplin, kerja sama, dan tanggung jawab.
Konseling Pastoral dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Psikologis Jemaat Milenial Penderita Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Mengga Ruth Caroline , Hermanto Yanto Paulus
Published: February 2024

Everyone is no exception to feeling anxious about something. Anxiety can be caused by biological factors. Millennials with anxiety disorder, which continues to increase in number from year to year with various triggering factors, are often cornered due to stigma and cynical views about lack of faith. Scientific studies have shown that genes and nervous system disorders also contribute to anxiety disorders. Through a literature study that explores anxiety as a health disorder, a pastoral counseling approach that focuses on psychological well-being, and an analysis of the characteristics of the millennial generation, a concept is obtained that can help pastoral counselor services in dealing with millennial congregations suffering from anxiety disorder. Pastoral counseling as a companion to medical treatment and psychotherapy is effective because it is based on the word of God. Gradual and holistic recovery can be achieved through pastoral counseling methods that prioritize the psychological well-being of anxiety sufferers. Setiap orang tidak terkecuali pernah merasa cemas karena sesuatu hal. Kecemasan bisa saja disebabkan karena faktor biologis. Jemaat milenial penderita anxiety disorder yang terus meningkat jumlahnya dari tahun ke tahun dengan berbagai faktor pemicu, sering kali tersudut karena stigma dan pandangan sinis tentang kurangnya iman. Padahal penelitian-penelitian ilmiah menunjukkan gangguan faktor gen maupun sistem syaraf juga memiliki andil dalam gangguan kecemasan seseorang. Melalui studi literatur yang mengupas tentang anxiety sebagai sebuah gangguan kesehatan, pendekatan konseling pastoral yang berfokus pada kesejahteraan psikologis, serta analisa karakteristik generasi milenial, didapat sebuah konsep yang dapat membantu pelayanan konselor pastoral dalam menangani jemaat milenial yang menderita anxiety disorder. Konseling pastoral sebagai pendamping pengobatan medis dan psikoterapi menjadi efektif karena berlandaskan firman Tuhan. Pemulihan bertahap dan holistik dapat tercapai melalui metode konseling pastoral yang mengutamakan kesejahteraan psikologis penderita anxiety.
Peran Kompetensi Manajerial Gembala dalam Mewujudkan Visi “Terwujudnya Jemaat yang Misioner” di Gereja KIBAID Jemaat Marinding
Authors: Sombolayuk Yunita , Firdaus Firdaus , Tembang Setblon
Published: February 2024

This research is motivated by the fact that church growth cannot be separated from understanding the importance of the management of a congregational pastor in realizing the church's vision. In this case, the role of the pastor's managerial competence is really needed to achieve the church's vision. KIBAID Church is an evangelical church with the vision of "Creating a missionary congregation." Implementation of the vision of "Creating a Missionary Congregation" is very dependent on local churches, one of which is the KIBAID church of the Marinding Congregation. This research aims to discover the role of the pastor's managerial competence in the vision of "Creating a Missionary Congregation" at the KIBAID Congregation of Marinding Church. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The findings in this research are that the pastor's role is to complete the vision with planning, the pastor's role is to share the vision, the pastor's role is to raise enthusiasm, the pastor's role is as a driving force in the church, the pastor's role is as a trainer for the next leader. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fakta bahwa pertumbuhan gereja tidak terlepas dari pemahaman akan pentingnya manajemen seorang gembala jemaat dalam mewujudkan visi gereja. Dalam hal ini peran kompetensi manajerial gembala sangat dibutuhkan untuk mencapai visi gereja. Gereja KIBAID merupakan salah satu gereja injili dengan visi “Terwujudnya Jemaat yang Misioner”. Implementasi visi “Terwujudnya Jemaat yang Misioner” sangat bergantung pada gereja lokal, salah satunya adalah gereja KIBAID Jemaat Marinding. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan peran kompetensi manajerial gembala dalam visi “Terwujudnya Jemaat yang Misioner” di Gereja KIBAID Jemaat Marinding. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Adapun hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu gembala berperan untuk melengkapi visi dengan perencanaan, gembala berperan membagikan visi, gembala beperan untuk membangkitkan semangat, gembala berperan sebagai penggerak dalam gereja, gembala sebagai pelatih bagi pemimpin berikutnya.
Factors Related to the Incident of Early Marriage Among Adolescent Women in Mandailing Natal District Year 2022
Authors: Saputri Nirma Juli , Siregar Fazidah A. , Santosa Heru
Published: February 2024

Early marriages are marriages carried out by women under the age of 20 years. In North Sumatra, the most early marriages are in Mandailing Natal Regency at 22.70 percent, followed by North Labuhan Batu 21.73 percent and Deli Serdang and Langkat 20.27 percent. The participation of school age children who are not in school aged 16-18 years, Mandailing Natal is in fourth place in North Sumatra with a proportion of 27.3 percent, which is in line with the percentage of female reproductive couples aged under 19 years, where Mandailing Natal is 18 .95 percent due to the trend of early marriage due to school dropout (DO). The aim of this research is to analyze the factors that influence the incidence of early marriage in Mandailing Natal Regency in 2022. The design of this research is cross sectional with a sample size of 95 people consisting of 44 married early and 51 not married early. Data processing was carried out using univariate and bivariate analysis using the chi square test. Of the five significant variables found that influence the incidence of early marriage, namely level of knowledge (p=0.024), attitude (p=0.030), belief (p=0.036), parenting style (p=0.001), role of peers (p=0.028). It is hoped that there is a need to provide education to teenagers regarding the impact of early marriage on reproductive health and education to parents to provide an approach to children from an early age and provide an understanding of marriage, the problems that will arise when married and change the habit that states that those married after 20 years are considered spinsters.
Implementing Legislation A Priory Assertion to Rule of Law in Bangladesh
Authors:   Lecturer in Law, Notre Dame University Bangladesh., Monia Shadika Haque
Published: February 2024

The constitution of Bangladesh contains a plethora of laws to maintain peace and security in the society through establishing the rule of law. The judiciary of the country is independent since 2007 but to some extent, the judiciary is being controlled by executive authorities. Therefore, a legislative procedure does not stop once a bill becomes law but the role of legislators comes to an end in the context of Bangladesh in many ways, although law must be put into effect or implemented by law enforcement authorities. Not surprisingly, Bangladesh has a praiseworthy legislative body and the legal system is designed by following the British legal system. But there is no such body or specific mechanism to monitor the ways of implementing legislation, the reason behind this may be administrative weakness or absence of a permanent mechanism for the same. In most cases, there is law but an absence of rule of law. The paper will endeavor to assess the procedure of enforcing and implementing legislation. In the light of the present legal system, administrative procedure, and the role of law enforcing agencies will be discussed. In the second wave, the paper will analyze the approximate reasons behind the failure of proper enforcement and implementation of laws. Finally, it will critically evaluate the needs of a particular monitoring mechanism as well as possible reformation strategies to implement legislation, their adequacy, and the role of parliament with the citizen of the country to abolish the culture of impunity to establish rule of law.
Multilingual Education Program for Ho Language Learners of Nilagiri, Balasore: Some Case Studies
Authors:   PG Scholar, PG Department of Education, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha, India, Das Jalpana , Patra Sabita ,   Ph. D Scholar, PG Department of Education, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha,India, Rout Dr.Ranjan Kumar ,   Assistant Professor, PG Department of Education, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha, India
Published: February 2024

Multilingual education program is an innovative program to develop education of the tribal learners. It has been introduced in Odisha since 2006-07. It gives opportunity and attracts tribal students towards education and increases their literacy rate. The present study intends to analyse the field realities of education in tribal sector of Nilagiri, Balasore through case study approach. The study answer the questions like: (i) How far the infrastructural facilities available in the MLE schools are adequate and relevance?; (ii) How far the class room process is effective to the tribal student?; (iii) How far the resources are adequate and relevant in MLE schools?; and (iv) What are the problems and prospects of MLE implementation process? To answer these questions case study method was used to collect data from 2 MLE (sample) schools, out of 13 MLE schools. With the help of three self made tools like: Classroom observation schedule; Interview schedule for the teachers; and School information schedule data was collected. The collected data was tabulated and analysed through content analysis technique. The results revealed that: (i) though there are policy for sufficient infrastructural facilities in MLE schools, but in reality these two schools don’t have sufficient infrastructural facilities; (ii) With regard to material recourses MLE schools are well equipped with materials, get support from community members; (iii) MLE teachers are perceived that late arrival of MLE books, lack of training programs, lack of funds for MLE materials, and lake of script in “Ho” language are the problems for them.