bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional flower-like ZnIn2S4/NiO/ZIF-67 hierarchical spheres for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Li Ziya , Wang Yilin , Wang Shengda , Zhang Chao
Published: January 2025

3D flower-like ZnIn2S4/NiO/ZIF-67 hierarchical spheres were synthesized successfully. They exhibited high photocatalytic hydrogen production of 13 975 μmol g−1 h−1 due to the electron's migration from NiO/ZIF-67 to ZIS.
The fungal natural product class of the sorbicillinoids: structures, bioactivities, biosynthesis, and synthesis
Authors: Milzarek Tobias M. , Gulder Tobias A. M.
Published: January 2025

Sorbicillinoids are a growing class of fungal natural products combining complex molecular architectures with pharmaceutically relevant bioactivities. This review covers their structural diversity, biosynthesis, and synthetic studies.
Top-down curing to construct self-retaining and moisture-pumping double-layered dressing with enhanced antibacterial, hemostatic, and wound healing performances
Authors: Yang Hao , Zhuang Yi , Jiang Yulin , Xu Huilun , Liu Zheng , Li Yubao , Zhang Shuyu , Guo Tao , Qi Lin , Zhang Li
Published: January 2025

A double-layered wound dressing (PH-AA) was fabricated via the integrated molding method to promote wound healing.
Particle-based investigation of excipients stability: the effect of storage conditions on moisture content and swelling
Authors: Ibrahim Isra , Carroll Mark , Almudahka Anas , Mann James , Abbott Alexander , Winge Fredrik , Davis Adrian , Hens Bart , Khadra Ibrahim , Markl Daniel
Published: January 2025

This study highlights the critical role of moisture and temperature on particle's moisture sorption and moisture-induced swelling advancing our understanding of how excipients contribute to the physical instability of the final dosage form.
Viscoelasticity of a single poly-protein probed step-by-step during its mechanical unfolding and refolding under the force-clamp conditions
Authors: Szoszkiewicz Robert
Published: January 2025

Friction coefficient and stiffness along a single unfolding and refolding trajectory for I274.
Cellulose nanocrystal composite films for contactless moisture-electric conversion
Authors: Ge Wenna , Wei Quanmao , Wang Xu , Lu Chenguang , Han Hu , Liu Yahua
Published: January 2025

A cellulose nanocrystal composite film-based soft moisture-electric converter demonstrates high sensitivity to ambient humidity fluctuations, allowing contactless control without requiring an external power source.
Study on gas adsorption and separation performance of alkyl functionalized MOF materials under wet conditions
Authors: Jiao Yuqiu , Du Zishen , Xie Qingying , Wen Xinai , Zhang Wansong , Zhu Jianwei , Lu Guiwu , Zhou Guanggang , Yang Zhenqing , Xia Yuhong
Published: January 2025

Metal–organic framework materials exhibit significant potential for diverse applications in gas adsorption and separation.
Moringa oleifera leaves extract-mediated synthesis of ZnO nanostructures for the enhanced photocatalytic oxidation of erythrosine
Authors: Parven Noshaba , Almani Khalida Faryal , Bhatti Muhammad Ali , Tahira Aneela , Omm-e-Hany  , Shah Aqeel Ahmed , Nafady Ayman , Tonezzer Matteo , Ibupoto Zafar Hussain
Published: January 2025

This study was focused on the development of ZnO nanostructures for the efficient oxidation of erythrosine dye and for studying the antibacterial activity of ZnO.
Precise photorelease in living cells by high-viscosity activatable coumarin-based photocages
Authors: Huang Xinyi , Shi Yajie , Jiang Li , Chen Wanqi , Bao Bingkun , Liu Tuan , Zhou Qinghai , Li Jiaxin , Lin Qiuning , Zhu Linyong
Published: January 2025

The first instance of utilizing high viscosity as a stimulus to activate photocages for the precise control of cargo photorelease.
Improvement of performance to form syngas utilizing water and CO2 over a particulate-Cu0.8Ag0.2GaS2-based photocathode by surface co-modification with ZnS and Ag
Authors: Takayama Tomoaki , Iwase Akihide , Kudo Akihiko
Published: January 2025

ZnS and Ag-comodified particulate-Cu0.8Ag0.2GaS2-based photocathode was active for syngas (H2 + CO) formation through photoelectrochemical H2O and CO2 reduction under simulated sunlight in an aqueous electrolyte.
Composition regulation of ternary rare-earth halide solid-state electrolytes and its influence on their ionic conducting and electrochemical properties
Authors: Zheng Anyi , Luo Liang , Li Linwei , Jiang Zhouqing , Ma Shengming , Yu Jinqiu
Published: January 2025

The relationship of how the composition of the ternary rare-earth halide SSEs influences their crystal structure, ionic conducting and electrochemical properties has been fully investigated.
Tungsten doping reinforced structural stability of single-crystal nickel-rich LiNi0.9Co0.1O2 cathodes
Authors: Xiao Zhen , Chen Anqi , Ma Ruojian , Zheng Yongquan , Qi Xiao-Dong , Guo Yu-Jie , Fang Ruyi , Gan Yongping , He Xinping , Lu Xiaoxiao , Xu Jianping , Huang Hui , Zhang Jun , Xia Xinhui , Zhang Wenkui , Xin Sen , Xia Yang
Published: January 2025

The structural stability and cyclic lifespan of single-crystal LiNi0.9Co0.1O2 cathode materials are reinforced by the W doping, which not only reduces the surface residual alkali, but also creates W–O bonds to strengthen the lattice oxygen stability.
In situ Mo doping in NiS2: enhancing electron density and stimulating electronic conductivity of Cu3P–GDY for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Du Jieyuan , Jin Fei , Li Youji , Jiang Guoping , Jin Zhiliang
Published: January 2025

The electronic conductivity of a catalyst can be enhanced by strategically doping with specific elements.
Citrus pectin-coated inhalable PLGA nanoparticles for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Perera Kalindu , Ghumman Moez , Sorkhdini Parand , Norbrun Carmelissa , Negash Seraphina , Zhou Yang , Menon Jyothi U.
Published: January 2025

Citrus pectin coated PLGA nanoparticles can significantly ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis over 24–72 h in vivo.
Effects of Bi and Sb ion incorporation on the optoelectronic properties of mixed lead–tin perovskites
Authors: Rombach F. M. , Gregori L. , Sidler A. , Whitworth J. , Zeiske S. , Jin H. , Hung E. Y.-H. , Motti S. , Caprioglio P. , Armin A. , Lenz M. , Meggiolaro D. , De Angelis F. , Snaith H. J.
Published: January 2025

Doping lead–tin perovskites with Bi3+ or Sb3+ greatly increases non-radiative recombination rates by creating deep traps, even at very low densities. However, Bi3+ impurities can be easily removed from the perovskite precursor.
New insights into cyclopropanation: application in the synthesis of a novel high-heating-value hydrocarbon fuel derived from furfural
Authors: Zhang Haodong , Zhou Yisong , Xie Jiawei , Huang Yushuang , Liu Yakun , Yan Tingjiang , Zhou Chang-an , Wang Chao , Ma Kui , Song Lei , Yue Hairong , Zou Ji-Jun
Published: January 2025

In situ experiments and computational studies provide new insights into cyclopropanation, which is crucial in synthesizing high-heating-value fuels for advanced propulsion.
Near‐infrared tuneable filter based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals
Authors: Zeng Ruimei , Bi Rongbo , Zhu Junyang , Huang Xuming , Wang Qi
Published: January 2025

Dynamic filtering is crucial in various applications, including imaging, communication, and biological detection. With advancements in micro‐nano device fabrication, there is a growing demand for enhanced filtering performance. This paper presents a near‐infrared single‐wavelength tuneable filter that utilizes polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal combined with a Fabry–Perot resonant cavity. The device achieves a transmittance of 99% at 927 nm with a 24 nm full width at half maximum. Utilizing the electro‐optical tuneable properties of dielectric layer, the transmission wavelength can be tuned from 913 to 969 nm by altering external voltage to it, resulting in a wavelength shift of 56 nm while maintaining high transmittance. This structure provides a reference for the dynamic control of light sensors and near‐infrared dynamic imaging.
Time-integrated polarizations in the prompt phase of gamma-ray bursts via the multi-window interpretation
Authors: Wang X. , Lan M. X. , Tang Q. W. , Wu X. F. , Dai Z. G.
Published: January 2025

Aims. We used multi-window observations, including the light curve and evolutions of the spectral peak energy (Ep), the polarization degree (PD), and the polarization angle (PA), to infer the model parameters for predicting the time-integrated PD in the prompt phase of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs).

Methods. We selected 23 GRBs that were codetected by Fermi/GBM and polarization detectors (i.e., GAP, POLAR, and AstroSat). In our multi-window fitting, the light curve, Ep curve, PD curve, and PA curve were interpreted simultaneously under the synchrotron radiation model in ordered magnetic fields (i.e., the aligned-field case and the toroidal-field case).

Results. For bursts with strong (∼90°) PA rotations, the predicted time-integrated PD of the aligned-field case roughly matches the corresponding observed best-fit value, while it is higher for the toroidal-field case. For bursts without strong (∼90°) PA rotation(s), the predicted PDs of the aligned-field case and the toroidal-field case are comparable and can interpret the observational data equally well. The observed time-resolved and time-integrated PDs for GRB 170206A are comparable and are both lower than our predicted upper limits in ordered magnetic fields. This means that mixed magnetic fields, that is, magnetic fields with both ordered and random components, probably reside in the radiation regions of this burst. Except for one out of the total 23 bursts, the predicted time-integrated PDs, which are ∼44% for the aligned-field case and around 49% for the toroidal-field case, are consistent with the corresponding observed values. Consistent with previous study, the models with synchrotron radiation in ordered magnetic fields can therefore interpret most of the current polarization data within an error bar of 1σ.
Modelling chemical clocks
Authors: Molero M. , Magrini L. , Palla M. , Cescutti G. , Viscasillas Vázquez C. , Casali G. , Spitoni E. , Matteucci F. , Randich S.
Published: January 2025

Context. Chemical clocks based on [s-process element/α element] ratios are widely used to estimate the ages of Galactic stellar populations. However, the [s/α] versus age relations are not universal, varying with metallicity, location in the Galactic disc, and specific s-process elements. Moreover, current Galactic chemical evolution models struggle to reproduce the observed [s/α] increase at young ages, particularly for Ba.

Aims. Our aim is to provide chemical evolution models for different regions of the Milky Way (MW) disc in order to identify the conditions required to reproduce the observed [s/H], [s/Fe], and [s/α] versus age relations.

Methods. We adopted a detailed multi-zone chemical evolution model for the MW including state-of-the-art nucleosynthesis prescriptions for neutron-capture elements. The s-process elements were synthesised in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and rotating massive stars, while r-process elements originate from neutron star mergers and magneto-rotational supernovae. Starting from a baseline model that successfully reproduces a wide range of neutron-capture element abundance patterns, we explored variations in gas infall/star formation history scenarios, AGB yield dependencies on progenitor stars, and rotational velocity distributions for massive stars. We compared the results of our model with the open clusters dataset from the sixth data release of the Gaia-ESO survey.

Results. A three-infall scenario for disc formation aligns better with the observed trends. The models capture the rise of [s/α] with age in the outer regions but fail towards the inner regions, with larger discrepancies for second s-process peak elements. Specifically, Ba production in the last 3 Gyr of chemical evolution would need to increase by slightly more than half to match the observations. The s-process contribution from low-mass (∼1.1 M⊙) AGB stars helps reconcile predictions with data but it requires a too-strong increase that is not predicted by current nucleosynthesis calculations, even with a potential i-process contribution. Variations in the metallicity dependence of AGB yields either worsen the agreement or show inconsistent effects across elements, while distributions of massive star rotational velocities with lower velocity at high metallicities fail to improve results due to balanced effects on different elements.

Conclusions. The predictions of our model confirm, as expected, that there is no single relationship [s/α] versus age and that it varies along the MW disc. However, the current prescriptions for neutron-capture element yields are not able to fully capture the complexity of evolution, particularly in the inner disc.
Production of Σ baryons as a function of multiplicity in pp collisions at the LHC with ALICE
Authors: Gordeev Pavel
Published: January 2025

In recent year, the production of charged Σ hyperons in pp and p–Pb collisions was measured by the ALICE collaboration using several techniques. Historically, the first one used the decay channel Σ+ → pπ0 with reconstruction of the proton with the tracking systems at mid-rapidity and the π0 in the electromagnetic calorimeter EMCAL or via the photon conversion method. The second technique used the decay channel ∑-± → n¯π± where charged pions are reconstructed with the tracking systems and the anti-neutron in the precise electromagnetic calorimeter PHOS. We present the transverse momentum spectra of charged Σ and its anti-particle measured in pp collisions at √s = 13 and √s = 5 TeV and compare them to predictions of several models. Finally, we discuss expectations from the Run 3 of LHC and in particular the possibility of Σ particle detection with the reconstruction of its decay after traversing several layers of the upgraded silicon tracker.
Preliminary results on the transverse flow of charged K mesons emitted from Ag+Ag collisions at beam energy of 1.58 GeV/nucleon measured with HADES
Authors: Orlinski Jan
Published: January 2025

In this contribution, preliminary results on the flow of charged K mesons emitted from semicentral Ag+Ag collisions at a beam kinetic energy of 1.58 GeV/nucleon measured with HADES are presented as v1,2 coefficients mapped in the scaled rapidity – transverse momentum phase space. The coefficients, extracted by fitting a Fourier series to the azimuthal angle distributions, are corrected for the finite resolution of the event plane reconstruction, but not yet for inefficiencies related to the local track density in the detector. The K± flow is compared to the corresponding distributions for protons emitted from the same system. These comparisons suggest a repulsive potential between the K+ and nuclear matter, while conclusions for the K− are not possible to be drawn at this point, due to high statistical uncertainties.
Quarkonium production in pp and heavy-ion collisions
Authors: Song Taesoo , Aichelin Joerg , Zhao Jiaxing , Gossiaux Pol B. , Bratkovskaya Elena
Published: January 2025

Campus Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany Abstract. We describe quarkonium production in pp and heavy-ion collisions by using the Remler’s formalism where quarkonium density operator is applied to all possible combination of heavy quark and heavy antiquark pairs. In pp collisions heavy (anti)quark momentum is provided by the PYTHIA event generator after rescaling pT and rapidity to imitate the FONLL calculations. Then spatial separation between heavy quark and heavy antiquark is introduced based on the uncertainty principle. In heavy-ion collisions quarkonium wavefunction changes with temperature assuming heavy quark potential equals the free energy of heavy quark pair in heat bath. The density operator is updated whenever heavy quark or heavy antiquark scatters in quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Our results are consistent with the experimental data on bottomonia from ALICE and CMS Collaborations assuming that the interaction rate of bottom (anti)quark in bottomonium is suppressed to 10 % that of unbound bottom (anti)quark. We also find that off-diagonal recombination of bottomonium from two different initial pairs barely happens even in Pb+Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV.
Investigation of early magnetic field and angular momentum in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions via D*+ spin alignment with ALICE
Authors: Sharma Himanshu
Published: January 2025

Heavy quarks, i.e. charm and beauty, are produced at the initial stages of heavy-ion collisions, on a time scale shorter than the medium formation time, and are sensitive to the initial angular momentum of the system and the magnetic field produced perpendicular to the reaction plane (defined by the impact parameter direction and beam direction) in non-central heavy-ion collisions. In the presence of a large angular momentum and initial magnetic field, the charm quark can be polarized. Experimentally, the heavy-flavor polarization can be probed by measuring the spin density matrix element (ρ00) of spin-1 mesons such as D*+ mesons. Any deviation of the parameter from 1/3 can be attributed to the spin alignment of the D∗+ meson. In these proceedings, we present the first measurement of the ρ00 parameter of prompt D*+ mesons in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV, exploiting the data sample collected by the ALICE Collaboration during LHC Run 2. A comparison with the J/ψ polarization measurement is also reported to investigate the effect of the magnetic field. Moreover, the ρ00 parameter of D*+ mesons measured in pp collisions is also presented.
Multiplicity dependence of hyperon and hypertriton production in Zr+Zr and Ru+Ru collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV
Authors: Li Dongsheng
Published: January 2025

We present yield measurements on hyperons (Λ, Λ¯ and Ξ¯, Ξ¯+) and hypertriton (3ΛH, 3/ΛH¯) in four different centrality classes of Zr+Zr and Ru+Ru collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV. The yield ratios of Λ/π−, Ξ−/π−, 3ΛH/Λ and S3= (3ΛH/Λ)/(3He/p) are reported as a function of multiplicity, while the ratio of 3ΛH/3He is reported as a function of pT in each centrality. The comparisons between data and models are discussed. These results provide insights on particle production mechanisms in heavy-ion collisions.
Bayesian location of the QCD critical point: A holographic perspective
Authors: Ratti Claudia , Grefa Joaquin , Hippert Mauricio , Manning T. Andrew , Noronha Jorge , Noronha-Hostler Jacquelyn , Vazquez Israel Portillo , Rougemont Romulo , Trujillo Michael
Published: January 2025

We present a Bayesian analysis, based on holography and constrained by lattice QCD simulations, which leads to a prediction for the existence and location of the QCD critical point. We employ two different parametrizations of the functions that characterize the breaking of conformal invariance and the baryonic charge in the Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton holographic model. They lead to predictions for the critical point that overlap at one sigma. While some samples of the prior distribution do not predict a critical point, or produce critical points that cover large regions of the phase diagram, all posterior samples present a critical point at chemical potentials µBc ~550-630 MeV.
Extracting the dependence of directed flow differences on conserved charges
Authors: Lin Zi-Wei , Nayak Kishora , Shi Shusu
Published: January 2025

Recently, seven produced hadron species have been used to construct multiple hadron sets with given differences in the net electric charge (∆q) and strangeness (∆S) between the two sides. A nonzero directed flow difference △v1 has been proposed as a consequence of the electromagnetic field produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Previously, we have shown with quark coalescence that Av1 and the slope difference △v′1 depend linearly on both △q and ∆S with zero intercept. Here we emphasize that a two-dimensional function or fit is necessary for extracting the △q- and △S-dependences of △v1. On the other hand, a one-dimensional fit gives a different value for the slope parameter of the ∆q- or ∆S-dependence. Furthermore, a one-dimensional fit is incorrect because its slope parameter depends on the arbitrary scaling factor of a hadron set and is thus ill-defined. We use test data of △v1 to explicitly demonstrate these points.
Multiplicity and Rapidity Dependent Study of (Multi)-strange Hadrons in d+Au collisions using the STAR detector
Authors: Aggarwal Ishu
Published: January 2025

Strangeness enhancement has long been considered as a signature of the quark-gluon plasma formation in heavy-ion collisions. Strangeness enhancement has also been observed in small systems at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), but the underlying physics still needs to be fully understood. This motivates us to study the strange hadron production in small systems at RHIC. We present new measurements of (multi-)strange hadrons (KS0, Λ, Ξ and Ω), Λ, Ξ and Ω) in d+Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV, collected by STAR in 2016. We report the multiplicity and rapidity dependence of strange hadron transverse momentum (pT) spectra, pT-integrated yields dN/dy, average transverse momentum (), yield ratios of these strange hadrons to pions, nuclear modification factors and rapidity asymmetry for these particles in d +Au collisions.
La signalisation multiforme des fleurs à destination des pollinisateurs
Authors: Kraepiel Yvan
Published: January 2025

Le succès évolutif des angiospermes, qui composent la très grande majorité de la flore terrestre à l’échelle planétaire, dépend très largement de leurs interactions avec les pollinisateurs puisque près de 90 % des plantes à fleur sont pollinisées par des animaux. Ces interactions sont basées, d’une part sur les ressources nutritives produites dans les fleurs sous forme de nectar et de pollen, apportant essentiellement sucres et protéines respectivement et, d’autre part, sur les signaux émis par les fleurs que les pollinisateurs apprennent à associer à la présence de ressources. Les signaux visuels permettent aux animaux de localiser les fleurs à relativement grande distance puis, une fois à proximité, d’identifier précisément les fleurs contenant les ressources recherchées et le lieu de leur stockage. Cette signalisation visuelle repose essentiellement sur les couleurs des pétales dont les nuances, quasiment infinies, sont dues principalement à la grande diversité des anthocyanes, pigments de nature flavonoïde, et aux caroténoïdes. L’apprentissage des pollinisateurs s’appuie également sur des signaux olfactifs complexes formés par l’association de composés organiques volatils, souvent de nature terpénique, lipidique et phénolique, produits au niveau de tissus spécialisés en surface des organes floraux. Certaines espèces d’angiospermes attirent les insectes pollinisateurs sans produire de nectar grâce à des signaux mimant ceux d’espèces nectarifères, les phéromones sexuelles d’insectes femelles ou les odeurs des sites de ponte de certains insectes. Elles s’affranchissent, grâce à ces signaux trompeurs, de la dépense énergétique inhérente à la production de ressources florales. Les rôles des couleurs et des odeurs des fleurs sont décrits et étudiés depuis plusieurs décennies, mais, plus récemment, ceux d’autres signaux émis par les fleurs dans les interactions entre les plantes et leurs pollinisateurs ont été également mis en évidence. Ainsi, l’écho produit par les organes floraux ou par des structures végétales associées aux fleurs permet l’écholocalisation des ressources florales de certaines plantes par des chauves-souris nectarivores. Enfin, des interactions électriques entre les fleurs et les insectes pollinisateurs participent aussi de façon significative à l’apprentissage des insectes et à l’efficacité de leur recherche de nourriture.
Les microARN : des régulateurs de la métamorphose chez les Insectes
Authors: Force Evan , Debernard Stéphane
Published: January 2025

Dans le règne animal, la métamorphose est une transition développementale qui a été décrite au sein de divers taxons (Cnidaires, Échinodermes, Mollusques, Arthropodes, Vertébrés...). Elle se caractérise par le passage d’une forme larvaire à une forme adulte et implique des changements morpho-anatomiques, physiologiques, comportementaux et/ou écologiques. Au cours des dernières décennies, de nombreuses études se sont focalisées sur le contrôle hormonal des processus cellulaires mis en jeu au cours de la métamorphose. Récemment, un autre niveau de régulation a été mis en évidence par la découverte des microARN, ARN non codants de 19 à 25 nucléotides hautement conservés entre les taxons et connus pour moduler l’expression génique au niveau post-transcriptionnel. Des travaux menés sur des Insectes modèles ont mis au jour le rôle des microARN dans de nombreuses transitions développementales dont la métamorphose. La présente revue vise à la fois à donner un aperçu sur les actions régulatrices des microARN dans la programmation des évènements cellulaires et moléculaires liés à la métamorphose des Insectes et à apporter un nouveau regard sur l’histoire évolutive de ce taxon.
Kurzfassung der KDIGO 2022 Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes Management in Chronic Kidney Disease (Leitlinie für die klinische Praxis zur Diabetesbehandlung bei chronischer Nierenkrankheit): eine Aktualisierung auf Grundlage neuer Erkenntnisse
Authors: Rossing Peter , Caramori M. L. , Chan Juliana C.N. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Hurst Clint , Khunti Kamlesh , Liew Adrian , Michos Erin D. , Navaneethan Sankar D. , Olowu Wasiu A. , Sadusky Tami , Tandon Nikhil , Tuttle Katherine R. , Wanner Christoph , Wilkens Katy G. , Zoungas Sophia , Craig Jonathan C. , Tunnicliffe David J. , Tonelli Marcello A. , Cheung Michael , Earley Amy , de Boer Ian H.
Published: January 2025

Die Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2022 Klinische Praxisrichtlinie für die Behandlung des Diabetes bei chronischer Nierenkrankheit (chronic kidney disease, CKD) stellt eine Aktualisierung der KDIGO-Leitlinie 2020 dar. Die Leitlinie richtet sich an eine breite Zielgruppe von Klinikern, die Menschen mit Diabetes und CKD behandeln. Zu den Themenbereichen, deren Empfehlungen auf der Grundlage neuer Erkenntnisse aktualisiert wurden, gehören die Kapitel 1: Umfassende Versorgung von Patienten mit Diabetes und CKD sowie Kapitel 4: Glukosesenkende Therapien bei Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes (T2 D) und CKD. Der Inhalt früherer Kapitel zur glykämischen Überwachung und zu den Zielen bei Patienten mit Diabetes und CKD (Kapitel 2), Lebensstilinterventionen bei Patienten mit Diabetes und CKD (Kapitel 3) und Ansätzen für das Management von Patienten mit Diabetes und CKD (Kapitel 5) werden als aktuell erachtet und wurden nicht geändert. Diese aktualisierte Leitlinie wurde nach einem eindeutigen Prozess der Evidenzprüfung und -bewertung entwickelt. Die Behandlungsansätze und Leitlinienempfehlungen basieren auf systematischen Übersichten relevanter Studien und Bewertung der Evidenz-Qualität. Die Stärke der Empfehlungen folgt dem GRADE-Ansatz (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation).

Die Grenzen der Evidenzen werden erörtert, und es werden Bereiche identifiziert, in denen zusätzliche Forschung erforderlich ist.
Investigation of Endothelial Cell Density after PreserFlo Implantation Compared to Contralateral Eyes without PreserFlo Implantation – A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Grobshäuser Ellen , Cunha Vaz Martinho Antonio , Gatzioufas Zisis , Hasler Pascal , Maloca Peter , Gugleta Konstantin
Published: January 2025

Background Loss of corneal endothelial cells after glaucoma surgery can lead to corneal decompensation and reduced vision. This loss may be accelerated by drainage implants like PreserFlo, which allow controlled subconjunctival filtration. In a retrospective analysis, we examined its impact on corneal endothelial cell density (ECD).

Patients and methods Data from medical records for 94 eyes were retrospectively analyzed. This included 47 PreserFlo-operated eyes and 47 contralateral control eyes. Inclusion criteria were open-angle glaucoma, laser trabeculoplasty as the only prior glaucoma surgery, and a contralateral control eye without any previous glaucoma surgeries and without any relevant diseases. Only standalone procedures and pseudophakic eyes were considered. We included 48 eyes at 2 weeks (24 operated, 24 control eyes), 72 at 3 months (36 each), 34 at 1 year (17 each), and 36 at 3 years (18 each).

Results Preoperatively, the 47 eyes that were planned for surgery had a mean ECD of 2141 ± 527 cells/mm², and the 47 control eyes had an ECD of 2114 ± 561 cells/mm². Two weeks postoperatively, ECD decreased by 5.4% in the operated eyes and increased by 1.1% in the control eyes. After 3 months, endothelial cell loss (ECL) was 3.6% (operated) and 1.9% (controls). After 1 year, ECL was 11.7% (operated) and 5.6% (controls); after 3 years it was 7.6% (operated) and 2.9% (controls). No significant differences in ECL dynamics between the operated and control eyes were detected by the analysis of variance.

Conclusion Although there was a trend to accelerated ECL in operated eyes compared to controls, this difference was not significant. Overall, the Preserflo procedure appears safe as regards to its influence on endothelial cell count.
Outcomes of RDAVR with Coronary Revascularization: 3-year Results from the German INCA Registry
Authors: Lenos Aristidis , Strauch Justus T. , Schlömicher Markus , Fleissner Felix , Valencia-Nunez Diana M. , Garbade Jens , Gottardi Roman , Massoudy Parwis , Kamler Markus , Malik Rizwan , Wimmer-Greinecker Gerhard , Walther Thomas , Gummert Jan , Bramlage Peter , Diegeler Anno
Published: January 2025

Background The long-term outcomes of combined rapid-deployment aortic valve replacement (RDAVR) with coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) are not well explored. We report 3-year results from the INCA registry on combined RDAVR with CABG.

Methods INCA is a prospective, multicenter registry that enrolled 224 patients undergoing RDAVR with CABG at 10 cardiac institutions in Germany. Prosthetic valve hemodynamics, clinical outcomes, and quality of life (QoL) up to 3 years were assessed.

Results The mean age of patients was 73.6 ± 6.1 years, and the mean logistic EuroSCORE was 7.8 ± 6.0%. The mean number of distal arterial and venous anastomoses was 3.13 ± 1.56, aortic cross-clamp time was 79.4 ± 24.1 minutes, cardiopulmonary bypass time was 109.6 ± 34.5 minutes, and operation time was 224.2 ± 62.7 minutes. The majority of implanted valve size was 25 mm. At baseline, 11 patients (4.9.%) had a permanent pacemaker. Postoperatively, 17 patients (7.6%) required a new pacemaker implantation (5.4% valve-related). All-cause mortality at 30 days was 2.2%, and 11.2% at 3 years. Patient QoL (SF-12v2) was significantly restored and maintained for up to 3 years (p < 0.001). Five patients (0.9%) underwent reoperation related to endocarditis. The postimplant mean gradient was 9.2 ± 3.7 at discharge and 8.9 ± 4.6 mm Hg at 3 years.

Conclusion Combined RDAVR with CABG procedure is safe and effective over time. It offers stable and low transvalvular gradients with satisfactory clinical outcomes at 3 years. The pacemaker rate appears to be slightly increased, with no significant clinical effect at 3 years.
Roseoglobuloside A, a Novel Nonanolide, and Identification of Specialized Metabolites as hPTP1B1 – 400 Inhibitors from Mangrove-Dwelling Aspergillus spp
Authors: Fajardo-Hernández Carlos A. , Zavala-Sierra Ángeles G. , Merlin-Lucas Verenice I. , Morales-Jiménez Jesús I. , Rivera-Chávez José
Published: January 2025

An approach combining enzymatic inhibition and untargeted metabolomics through molecular networking was employed to search for human recombinant full-length protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (hPTP1 B1 – 400) inhibitors from a collection of 66 mangrove-associated fungal taxa. This strategy prioritized two Aspergillus strains (IQ-1612, section Circumdati, and IQ-1620, section Nigri) for further studies. Chemical investigation of strain IQ-1612 resulted in the isolation of a new nonanolide derivative, roseoglobuloside A (1), along with two known metabolites (2 and 3), whereas strain IQ-1620 led to the isolation of four known naphtho-γ-pyrones and one known diketopiperazine (4–8). Of all isolates, compounds 2, 3, and 7 showed a marked inhibitory effect on hPTP1B1 – 400 with an IC50 value < 20 µM, while 6 showed moderate inhibition with IC50 of
65 µM. Compounds 1 and 8 were inactive at a concentration of 100 µM, whereas 4 and 5 demonstrated significant inhibition at 20 µM. The structure of 1 was established by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, and its relative and absolute configuration was assigned based on NOE correlations and by comparison of calculated and experimental ECD curves. Molecular docking indicated that these molecules primarily bind to two different allosteric sites, thereby inducing conformational changes that impact enzymatic activity.
Total Synthesis of the Psammaplysins: Evolution of a Dipolar Cycloaddition Approach
Authors: Morrow Andrew P. , Smith Myles W.
Published: January 2025

The psammaplysins are a unique group of bromotyrosine-derived natural products isolated from the Psammaplysilla genus of marine sponges. Aside from the various biological activities they possess, synthetic chemists have been drawn to the family for decades due to the intriguing 5/7-spiroisoxazoline-oxepine core common to all members. Herein, we describe our synthetic approach towards the psammaplysin family in the context of this broader work. Our route centers upon the use of a carefully choreographed alkoxymethylenation/1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to construct the key spiroisoxazoline-oxepine ring system, followed by its functionalization and divergent coupling to access various family members. We also detail the development of the first asymmetric approach to this class of marine natural products.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines via C-H Functionalization
Authors: Paul Suvam , Choudhuri Tathagata , Das Sourav , Sikdar Papiya , Bagdi Avik Kumar
Published: January 2025

Recent developments in the synthesis of functionalized pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines through C-H functionalization have been summarized in this account. The main focus is highlighting the utilization of sustainable conditions in designing the protocols. Mechanistic aspects of these protocols have also been discussed in detail.
1. Introduction
2. Discussion
2.1. Synthesis of 3-Halo Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines
2.2. Synthesis of 3-Nitro Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines
2.3. Synthesis of 3-Formyl Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine
2.4. Synthesis of 3-Acetyl Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines
2.5. Synthesis of 3-Sulfenyl Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines
2.6. Synthesis of 3-Selenyl Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines
2.7. Synthesis of 3-Thiocyanated Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines
2.8. Synthesis of Bis(Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines)
3. Conclusions and outcome
Os riscos do polimetilmetacrilato: Revisão integrativa de 587 casos de complicações
Authors: Sampaio Marcelo Moura Costa , Costa Alessandra Lima , Vianna Luiz Henrique Megale Conteville , Marinho Pedro Burlacchini Sanches , Santos Ionara Maria de Almeida , Moraes Mariana Alcantara Rodrigues de
Published: January 2025

Introdução A demanda por procedimentos estéticos minimamente invasivos impulsionou o uso do polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) como preenchimento dérmico, que a princípio foi aprovado para lipodistrofias relacionadas ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV – human immunodeficiency virus, em inglês). Seu uso inadequado causa graves complicações, como inflamações, migração do material, infecções e repercussões sistêmicas. Nesta revisão, objetivamos realizar uma investigação sobre esses riscos e complicações relatadas na literatura nos últimos 20 anos.

Materiais e Métodos Realizamos uma revisão integrativa de estudos descritivos sobre complicações do PMMA publicados entre 2004 e 2024, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Scopus. Foram analisados 38 estudos, totalizando 587 casos, e foram excluídos artigos publicados fora do período analisado ou que não atendiam aos critérios de inclusão.

Resultados Encontramos 587 casos de complicações associadas ao PMMA, sendo que 64% deles ocorreram no Brasil. O sítio mais frequente foi a região malar, seguido do sulco nasogeniano, da região glútea, e dos lábios. As complicações variaram entre imediatas e tardias, e de repercussões simples a mais severas. As mais frequentes foram: eritema (26%), prurido (16%), edema (11%), granulomas (21%), nodulações (14%) e alterações cutâneas (8%), incluindo casos graves de insuficiência renal, hipercalcemia, choque séptico, infecções e necrose de tecido. A quantidade injetada de material variou de 1,9 a 900 mL, e, no que tange ao tratamento, houve predominância de esteroides, antibióticos e necessidade de abordagem cirúrgica, com realização de excisões, drenagem de abscesso e desbridamento.

Conclusão Preenchimentos com PMMA estão associados a complicações graves, e seu uso muitas vezes não está relacionado à correção de lipodistrofias por HIV. O material tem riscos significativos, incluindo complicações sistêmicas, com a necessidade de remoção cirúrgica.
Extraction of charges from under the surface of liquid hydrogen
Authors: Levchenko A. A. , Mezhov-Deglin L. P.
Published: January 2025

It is shown that a layer of positive or negative charges with densities up to 108cm−2 can be created under the surface of liquid hydrogen. The lifetime of charges in the layer under the surface exceeds one hour at temperatures 14–20 K. Quasi-periodic oscillations of the charged surface accompanied by the extraction of about 108 charges in a pulse have been observed for electric field strengths exceeding the critical value ≈ 103V/cm.
Irreversibility of polycrystalline HTS magnetization caused by the comparability of grain size and penetration depth
Authors: Krasil’nikov A. S. , Mamsurova L. G. , Trusevich N. G. , Shcherbakova L. G.
Published: January 2025

It is shown that in the case when the linear grain size is commensurate with the London penetration depth in polycrystalline HTS materials, an addition source of irreversibility of magnetization curves associated with different positions of pinned vortices relative to the surface of grains during field application and removal is formed. The estimates based on a model taking into account the interaction between vortices as well as their interaction with the surface in the presence of pinning forces revealed that the contribution to irreversibility of M(H) at T⩾80 K can attain significant values, comparable with experimental magnitude of magnetic hysteresis.
On observation of high-temperature spike in exciton reflection spectra of CdSe
Authors: Kosobutskiĭ P. S. , Prokopchuk A. L.
Published: January 2025

A high-temperature (T = 77 K) spike has been observed for the first time in the exciton reflection spectrum of CdSe. It is proposed that the observed anomaly can be due to the effect of the exciton–phonon interaction on the translational exciton mass and due to the coordinate dependence of the damping factor in the exciton system.
Two-dimensional behavior of bulk high-temperature superconductors
Authors: Mikheenko P. N. , Abalesheva I. S. , Levandowski S. J.
Published: January 2025

New data indicating the two-dimensional behavior with anomalously large interval between the mean-field critical temperature and the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition temperature have been obtained for granulated HTS samples by the method of power approximation of the current-voltage characteristics. It is shown that such a behavior is a consequence of the small effective thickness of superconducting layers and imperfection of their contact at grain boundaries of metal oxides.
Quantum oscillation effects in a thin layer of a normal metal in contact with a superconductor
Authors: Peschanskiĭ V. G. , Lopez J. A. Roldan , Idrogo J.
Published: January 2025

The role of Andreev reflection of charge carriers at the interphase boundary in quantum magnetic size effects is considered for the magnetization of a thin layer of a normal metal on a superconducting substrate.
Electrical properties of BiSrCaCuO (2223) films
Authors: Okunev V. D. , Pafomov N. N. , Perekrestov B. I. , Svistunov V. M.
Published: January 2025

The mechanisms of electrical conductivity of BiSrCaCuO (2223) films in a wide range of structural states are investigated. In the amorphous state (ρ= 103– 1010 Ω · cm), the films exhibit jump condutivity with a varying length of jumps. As the crystalline structure starts being formed (ρ= 10–103 Ω · cm), the electric properties of the films resemble the properties of granular films with an exponential dependence of resistivity on the separation between granules with the metal-type conductivity up to the transition to a state with metal conductivity (ρ ≃10−2 Ω · cm). In the vicinity of the insulator–metal transition, the films have power dependences of electrical conductivity on temperature with exponents 1/2 and 1/3. A transition to metal-type conductivity is of percolation type and takes place for the metal-phase concentration cm≃ 0.2.
Electronic phase separation in CuO2 layer in a model with interaction
Authors: Nemov N. A. , Belosludov V. R.
Published: January 2025

It is shown that the interaction between holes taken into account in the Aharony model makes it possible to describe phase separation in superconducting lanthanum cuprates.
Anomalous behavior of frozen magnetic flux and its noise in HTS ceramics
Authors: Bogatina N. I. , Bondarenko S. I.
Published: January 2025

The spectral density A of the noise of the magnetic field in HTS ceramics is studied. An anomalous increase in A for a weak magnetic field trapped in a hollow cylinder with the bottom made of HTS ceramics is observed in the 1/f noise region after the application of a strong magnetic field (weaker than the critical field). A similar anomaly is observed under the condition when the external magnetic field is equal to the magnetic field in the cylinder (also for a large magnetic field strength, but smaller than the critical value). Possible mechanisms responsible for such a large increase in the amplitude of spectral density of the noise are discussed.
Fine structure of the transverse electron focusing lines in bismuth. II. Relaxation effects
Authors: Andrievskiĭ V. V. , Komnik Yu. F. , Rozhok S. V.
Published: January 2025

It is shown that the shape of the electron focusing (EF) line and its fine structure reflect electron relaxation processes in the point contact region under the conditions of strong emitter currents. The relaxation of highly nonequilibrium electrons due to emission of nonequilibrium phonons (predominantly longitudinal optical phonons) is identified on the EF line in a Bi crystal, and an effective relaxation process associated with excitation of a collective vibrational mode with a characteristic energy ∼40 meV is observed. The fine structure of the EF line also reflects interference effects in the electron flow passing through the point contact.
Light scattering by acoustic phonons coupled to a two-dimensional collective anyon mode
Authors: Fil D. V. , Zazunov A. L.
Published: January 2025

The intensity of light scattering by acoustic phonons coupled to a two-dimensional collective mode is calculated. The model of an anisotropic elastic medium with anyon layers is considered. The obtained results are applied for calculating the angular dependence of the intensity of light scattering in the model proposed earlier to explain the acoustic anomalies observed experimentally in Nd2CuO4 and Pr2CuO4 single crystals.
Mean-field approximation for networks with synchrony-driven adaptive coupling
Authors: Fennelly N. , Neff A. , Lambiotte R. , Keane A. , Byrne Á.
Published: January 2025

Synaptic plasticity plays a fundamental role in neuronal dynamics, governing how connections between neurons evolve in response to experience. In this study, we extend a network model of θ-neuron oscillators to include a realistic form of adaptive plasticity. In place of the less tractable spike-timing-dependent plasticity, we employ recently validated phase-difference-dependent plasticity rules, which adjust coupling strengths based on the relative phases of θ-neuron oscillators. We explore two distinct implementations of this plasticity: pairwise updates to individual coupling strengths and global updates applied to the mean coupling strength. We derive a mean-field approximation and assess its accuracy by comparing it to θ-neuron simulations across various stability regimes. The synchrony of the system is quantified using the Kuramoto order parameter. Through bifurcation analysis and the calculation of maximal Lyapunov exponents, we uncover interesting phenomena such as bistability and chaotic dynamics via period-doubling and boundary crisis bifurcations. These behaviors emerge as a direct result of adaptive coupling and are absent in systems without such plasticity.
Leaky-integrate-fire and reconfigurable neuron spiking in a field free spin Hall nano-oscillator with a conically magnetized free layer
Authors: Sravani Meenakshi , Bhuktare Swapnil
Published: January 2025

Spintronic oscillators being highly nonlinear have gained immense attention to mimic the neuron spiking behavior in spiking neural networks used for building neuromorphic computing hardware. However, the need for an external magnetic field to realize spintronic oscillators imposes significant limitations on their scalability, tunability, and fabrication complexity. So, in this study, we have realized a bias-field-free spin Hall nano-oscillator (SHNO) using a heavy metal/magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) heterostructure. The field-free operation is achieved by biasing the free layer of the MTJ into an easy cone regime. This regime arises when the first-order magnetic anisotropy field and the demagnetization field are balanced, and the influence of the second-order magnetic anisotropy becomes predominant. We have explored the oscillation properties of this field-free SHNO, focusing on frequency tunability with current and the output power spectral density through the macrospin and micromagnetic simulations. We have theoretically derived the critical current necessary for the onset of oscillations. Using this field-free SHNO, we demonstrated neuron-like spiking behavior analogous to the Hodgkin–Huxley model by applying a constant DC current. The tunability of spiking frequency in response to input current was also examined. Moreover, we showcased leaky-integrate-and-fire neuron spiking behavior by applying a pulsed current and the reconfigurable nature of neuron spiking under a time-varying ramp current. These spiking behaviors underline the potential applications of this device in the practical realization of brain-inspired neuromorphic computing with the spiking neural network.
A three-stage plasma model based on one-way coupling of plasma dynamics, ionic motion, and fluid flow: Application to DBD plasma actuators
Authors: Vafakos G. P. , Papadopoulos P. K. , Svarnas P.
Published: January 2025

The scope of this paper is to present a comprehensive approach for simulating low-temperature atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge plasmas. The proposed methodology categorizes the primary physical phenomena: (i) discharge dynamics, (ii) ionic motion, and (iii) fluid flow, according to their respective time scales and simulates each independently. This allows for the use of distinct solution procedures tailored to each of the three stages of the problem. Such separation offers significant flexibility in choosing appropriate models and numerical schemes for each stage, enabling the simulation of complex geometries and large-scale applications without the excessive computational costs associated with a monolithic approach. As a case study, we apply the proposed algorithm to the surface dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator for flow control, which is powered by alternating high voltages. The algorithm successfully described the actuator’s behavior while maintaining low computational cost. Additionally, a parametric study is conducted to examine the effect of key input parameters on the generated electrohydrodynamic force and the resulting velocity. Finally, an overall assessment of the three-stage model is provided, highlighting its efficiency and accuracy.