bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eco-friendly green construction of 4-Aryl-tetrazolo-[1,5-a][1,8]naphthyridine scaffolds and their in vitro anti-microbial and molecular modeling studies
Authors: Sonyanaik Banoth , Ravi Dharavath , Shyam Perugu , kishore Kamal , Ashok Alishala , Sakram Boda
Published: January 2023

An efficient eco-friendly synthesis of 4-aryl tetrazolo[1,5-a][1,8]naphthyridine derivatives have been successfully prepared through microwave method in short reaction time. The microwave method has unique advantages, short reaction time, easy workup procedure, and simple purification of the products. Synthesized the entire molecule evaluated for their antimicrobial activity among them compounds 6g and 6a demonstrated highest anti-microbial activity. Moreover, in silico molecular modeling evaluation has done by considering docking scores, hydrogen bond interactions, affinity, and the short distance between ligand and receptor. All the molecules good docking results have shown that binding interactions with the target protein and obtained results were well complemented to the antimicrobial activity.
Copper-catalyzed C2-selective alkynylation of chromones via 1,4-conjugate addition
Authors: Li Yan-Wu , Lei Jie , Chen Zhong-Zhu , Lv Meng-Lan
Published: January 2023

Copper-catalyzed selective alkynylation with N-propargyl carboxamides as nucleophiles has been successfully developed for the synthesis of C2-functionalized chromanones. Under optimized reaction conditions, 21 examples were obtained in one-pot procedure through 1,4-conjugate addition. This protocol features readily available feedstocks, easy operations and moderate to good yields, which provides viable access to pharmacologically active C2-functionalized chromanones.
Adverse Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yu-Yao , Zhou Yi-Jun , Jia Yuan-Yuan , Wang Tian-Tian , Meng Dian-Huai
Published: January 2023

Objective
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is one of the common clinical treatments, but adverse effects have hampered and limited the clinical application and promotion of hyperbaric oxygen therapy. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the adverse effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment.
Methods
Three electronic databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane) were comprehensively searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) from March, 2012 to October, 2022. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts for eligibility and assessed the quality of the included studies. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.
Results
A total of 26 RCTs involving 1497 participants were identified. ①HBOT group reported more adverse effects (29.81% vs 10.34%, P < 0.05). ②The most frequent side effect of HBOT is ear discomfort (124 cases). ③When the courses of hyperbaric oxygen was > 7 sessions, the incidence of adverse effects was higher than that of the control group; when the course of HBOT was ≤ 7 sessions, the adverse effects caused by hyperbaric oxygen were comparatively lower.④ When chamber pressures are above 2.0 ATA, the incidence of adverse effects is higher than that of the control group; when chamber pressure is below 2.0 ATA, HBOT is relatively safe.
Conclusion
HBOT is more likely to cause adverse reactions when the course of HBOT is > 7 sessions and chamber pressure is above 2.0 ATA.
Characterization of prehospital time delay in primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction: Analysis of geographical infrastructure-dependent and - independent components
Authors: Oyatani Keisuke , Koyama Masayuki , Himuro Nobuaki , Miura Tetsuji , Ohnishi Hirofumi
Published: January 2023

Background
Prehospital delay in reaching a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) facility is a major problem that prevents early coronary reperfusion in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aimed to identify modifiable factors that contribute to the interval from symptom onset to arrival at a PCI-capable center, focusing on the geographical infrastructure-dependent and -independent factors.
Methods
We analyzed data from 603 STEMI patients who received primary PCI within 12 h of symptom onset in the Hokkaido Acute Coronary Care Survey. We used geographical information system software to calculate the minimum prehospital system time (min-PST), which represents the time required to reach a PCI facility based on geographical factors. We then subtracted the min-PST from the onset-to-door-time (ODT) to find the estimated delay-in-arrival-to-door (eDAD), which represents the time required to reach a PCI facility independent of geographical factors.
Results
The door-to-balloon-time (median [IQR]: 63 [44, 90] min) was shorter than ODT (median [IQR]: 104 [56, 204] min) regardless of the type of transportation. However, 44% of patients had more than 120 min ODT. The min-PST (median [IQR]: 3.7 [2.2, 12.0] min) varied widely among patients, with a maximum of 156 min. Prolongation of the eDAD (median [IQR]: 89.1 [49, 180] min) was associated with older age, absence of a witness, onset at night, no EMS call, and transfer via a non-PCI facility. If the eDAD was zero, the ODT was projected to be less than 120 min in more than 90% of patients.
Conclusions
The contribution of geographical infrastructure-dependent time in prehospital delay was substantially smaller than that of geographical infrastructure-independent time. Intervention to shorten eDAD by focusing on factors such as older age, absence of a witness, onset at night, no EMS call, and transfer via a non-PCI facility appears to be an important strategy for reducing ODT in STEMI patients. Additionally, the eDAD may be useful for evaluating the quality of STEMI patient transports in areas with different geographical conditions.
Optimization of L-asparaginase from Enterobacter aesburiae via response surface approach
Authors: Manhas Sweeta , Khan Bushra , Sharma Vikas , Koul Diksha , Chaubey Asha , Wani Owais Ali , Malik A. Raouf
Published: January 2023

L-asparaginase, an important biopharmaceutical, has been a boon to cancer patients, especially for the therapeutic treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, asparaginase formulations from E. coli and Erwinia species currently being used are associated with potential side effects causing hindrances towards a successful therapeutic treatment. Therefore, optimization and production of asparaginase from varied microbial sources has been the aim of several studies to overcome the hypersensitive and toxicological responses associated with presently used drug formulations. In this study, the possibility of using Enterobacter aesburiae strain R16C1/MT93543isolated from black gram rhizospheric soil sample as L-asparaginase source of industrial importance, was investigated. Different fermentation process parameters for the production of enzyme were optimized using submerged fermentation in shake flask. Box Behnken design was used to optimize and study individual as well as interactive effect of rpm, inoculum size (%) and temperature for asparaginase activity. Comparable values for enzyme activity were obtained from experimental results and software predicted values. As per interaction data obtained for the selected fermentation parameters, rpm, size of inoculum and temperature showed significant effects at interactive levels, thus, showing effect on production of enzyme. A significant improvement in enzyme activity was obtained using optimized environment. Higher enzyme activity of 40.36 U/ml was observed in M9 medium which was 4.4-fold higher than the initial activity of enzyme.
Easyton ® transpalpebral versus Perkins applanation tonometry in different clinical populations
Authors: Montolío-Marzo Elena , Morales-Fernandez Laura , Saenz-Frances Federico , Garcia-Saenz Sofia , García-Feijoo Julian , Piñero David P , Martinez-de-la-Casa Jose Maria
Published: January 2023

Objective
To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained using the new transpalpebral Easyton® tonometer and Perkins applanation tonometer (PAT) in three different clinical populations.
Methods
The participants of this prospective study were 84 subjects divided into the groups: 22 healthy children (G1), 42 healthy adults (G2), and 20 adult patients with primary open angle glaucoma (G3). The data recorded in 84 eyes of these subjects were age, sex, eye, central corneal thickness (CCT) and axial length (AL). In all eyes, IOP was determined in the same examination room by the same experienced examiner using Easyton® and PAT in random order.
Results
Mean differences in IOP readings between Easyton® and PAT were 0.45 ± 1.97 (p = 0.295), -0.15 ± 2.13 (p = 0.654), -1.65 ± 3.22 (p = 0.033), and − 0.018 ± 2.500 mmHg (p = 0.500) in the groups G1, G2, G3 and whole sample (G4), respectively. Correlations between Easyton® and PAT IOP values were 0.668 (p = 0.001) for G1, 0.463 (p = 0.002) for G2, 0.680 (p < 0.001) for G3 and 0.605 (p < 0.001) for G4. Moderate to good agreement between the two tonometers was found in all groups according to intraclass correlation coefficients, which were 0.794 (p < 0.001) for G1, 0.632 (p < 0.001) for G2, 0.809 (p < 0.001) for G3, and 0.740 (p < 0.001) for G4. The lower and upper limits of agreement between the devices were − 5.1 and 4.7 mmHg, respectively. No correlation was noted between CCT or AL and the Easyton® IOP measurements.
Conclusion
IOP measurements obtained with Easyton® and PAT show an acceptable level of agreement both in healthy individuals and in patients with glaucoma.
Assessment of the efficiency of the routine epidemiological surveillance system for malaria at the Tambacounda Health District, Senegal
Authors: Gadiaga Tidiane , Ba Mouhamadou Faly , Sagna Siré , Cissé Bayal , Diallo Boubacar , Ndiaye Samba , Bonang Urbain Ithiar , Diamé Mariama , Diallo Fatimata , Gaye Seynabou , Sene Doudou , Ndoye Tidiane , Lo Aminata Colle , Diallo Abdoulaye , Manga Isaac , Thiam Sylla , Ciré Elhadj Konko Ciré , Ndiaye Jean Louis Abdou
Published: January 2023

Introduction: As part of the fight against malaria, epidemiological surveillance (ES) is one of the key pillars of the global technical strategy 2016-2030 to combat this disease. However, in the south-east of Senegal, where malaria poses a major public health problem, epidemiological surveillance has until recently been very neglected. To help reduce malaria-related morbidity and mortality in Senegal, an evaluation of the routine malaria ES system was conducted in the Tambacounda Health District in 2021.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive survey of 27 health structures in Tambacounda district from 20 February to 1 March 2022.
Results: Overall, the routine ES system in the district was acceptable according to its users, with satisfactory tool filling time in 96.3% of the structures in our study, a cumulative completeness of reports at 92% despite a 77% promptness. The data collected at the services delivery points (SDP) level allowed a representativeness of the ES system in 100% of health facilities. The ES system was also rated as simple by 74.1% of SDP managers even though only 55.6% of them were trained. However, the stability of the system was low because 55.6% of SDP had staff to ensure the continuity of ES service despite the availability of management tools (100%) and the telephone network (96.3%). The same was true for the usefulness of the ES because only 25.9% of SDP managers analyzed their produced data. The reported ES and malaria morbidity data were not adequate. On the other hand, the ES system was reactive with a speed of transmission of information at 96.3% and a possibility of rapid diagnosis and management of cases at 100%.
Conclusion: The routine malaria ES system at the level of health facilities in Tambacounda district was acceptable, simple, flexible, representative, and responsive. However, an increase in qualified staff at the health posts, capacity strengthening of the ES staff, regular supervision of SDP are needed essential to make the district's malaria surveillance system more efficient.
Roadsoil contamination by hydrocarbon aromatic polycyclic: Level and impact on germination of Lycopsersicum esculentum and Cucumis sativus
Authors: mbadra chaker , gargouri kamel , mbarek hadda ben , Trabelsi Lina , Ncube Bhekumtheto , chaabouni Semia ellouz
Published: January 2023

The study of three roadsoil contamination in the Sfax region by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons showed a significant variation between the three sites and proportional to the distance from the road. The variation between the physicochemical characteristics of three soils influenced the spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydroacarbons. Quantitatively, the soils near Manzel Chaker road had the highest content followed by those of the Tunis road soil . Qualitatively, chrysene, benzo (b) fluorenthene;benzo (a) anthracene and Indeno (1.2.3.cd) pyrene were the most abundant compounds. These contaminants, with naphthalene and fluorenthene, affected the germination and aerial growth of tomato but with no significant effect on the germination and growth of cucumber which has shown resistance to pollution by polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons. The use of PCA and regression between parameters indicated that these compounds which are in mixture in soil have disturbed the germinative capacity, the speed of germination and the aerial elongation of tomato. In the same soils, the cucumber showed resistance to this contamination and its germination was not affected.
Graphene quantum dots harvest anti-trypanosomatid efficacy by disrupting antioxidant networks centered on trypanothione reductase
Authors: Zhang Di , Ju Rui , Li Limei , Yang Lilian , Jia Qianwen , Lei Rong , Wang Na , Han Xiaofei , Wang Xinyi
Published: January 2023

Background Trypanosomiasis is a highly lethal infectious disease caused by trypanosome, leading to a severe social and economic burden worldwide. Due to the lack of mechanism research, application of the promising nanomaterials and nanotechnologies in treatment of trypanosomiasis is limited. Results Herein, the toxicological effects induced by graphene quantum dots (GQDs) onT. bruceiand the underlying mechanism are investigated. First, the biological/cytotoxic effects are evaluated, including endotytosis, cell viability, apoptosis, ROS production and morphological defects of subcellular organelles. Considering the few experimentally-determined 3D structures ofT. bruceiproteins, next, a computed structure database ofT. bruceigenome-wide proteins is constructed from I-TASSER, AlphaFold2 and MD simulation. Then, the database is used for docking with GQDs, and two goups of potential target proteins with transporter activity and antioxidant activity are screened out. Last, TryR stands out as a vital target due to its high binding energy with GQDs at active site and its key role in the trypanothione-dependent antioxidant network ofT. brucei, which is further verified by theoretical (MD simulation) and experimental (BLI, inhibition of enzyme activity) means. Conclusions Evidences from this study suggest that GQD-induced cytotoxicity onT. bruceiresults from interference of GQDs with the lineage-specific antioxidant network with TryR as a key target. These findings provide theoretical insights into the rational design of nanomedical materials for trypanosomiasis.
Validation of quercetin in the treatment of colon cancer with diabetes via network pharmacology and molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Wang Mingqing , Cao Guodong , Zhou Weiguo , Cao Wei , Yang Kang , Zhang Xun , Zhang Peng , Zhang Zehua , Chen Bo , Hu Kongwang , Xiong Maoming
Published: January 2023

Objectives
Patients suffering from colon cancer with diabetes (CRC-Diabetes) are more likely to metastasis and relapse when compare with colon cancer (CRC). However, there is a lack of a prognostic model and efficient treatment for CRC-Diabetes. Based on these clinical requirements, this study built a prognosis model for CRC-Diabetes and analyzed whether quercetin could be used for CRC-Diabetes treatment through network pharmacology, Molecular dynamics simulation and bioinformatics .
Methods
Firstly, the differentially expressed genes (DEG) in colon cancer and the related genes in diabetes were screened, and the intersection genes of the two gene clusters were used to construct the prognosis model. Then the potential prognostic markers were screened by univariate Cox proportional hazards regression and lasso regression. Furthermore, multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to construct the prognosis model of CRC-Diabetes. Consequently, quercetin related target genes were screened. The intersection of quercetin target genes with CRC-Diabetes genes was used to find the potential target for quercetin in the treatment of CRC-Diabetes. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were used to screen reliable targets for quercetin in treatment of CRC-Diabetes.
Results
There are 1008 intersection genes between colon cancer and diabetes. The constructed multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model based on the above genes shows that the ROC values of 1, 3 and 5 years are 0.787, 0.793 and 0.85 respectively. There are 101 intersection genes in quercetin and CRC-Diabetes. Through molecular docking, seven proteins (HMOX1, ACE, MYC, MMP9, PLAU, MMP3, MMP1) were selected as potential targets of quercetin. We conducted molecular dynamics simulation of quercetin and the above proteins respectively, and found that the binding structure of quercetin with MMP9 and PLAU was relatively stable, which can be considered as a reliable target for quercetin treatment of CRC-Diabetes.
Conclusions
Based on TCGA, TTD, Drugbank and other databases, a prediction model that can effectively predict the prognosis of colon cancer patients with diabetes was constructed. Quercetin can treat colon cancer patients with diabetes by influencing PLAU and its downstream pathways.
How the micro-mechanical stability of carbides in chromium-rich hardfacings influences the impact-abrasion resistance at elevated temperatures
Authors: Rojacz Harald , Katsich Christian , Varga Markus , Badisch Ewald
Published: January 2023

Highly loaded wear components in applications such as crushers or sieves suffer from combined impact and abrasive wear, in the worst case exaggerated by high operation temperatures. Hardfacings based on the system FeCrC with high hardphase content are promising candidates for such applications. Understanding of the influence of precipitated carbides or carbo-borides on the impact-abrasive wear resistance is therefore of high importance to increase the lifetime, decrease downtime as well as maintenance costs.
In this study, two different FeCrC-based hardfacings were chosen for investigation, an FeCrC-alloy and a complex alloyed FeCrNbMoBC type. A thorough microstructural analysis was performed via scanning electron microscopy. Here, present hardphases, namely chromium carbides, chromium carbo-borides as well as niobium carbides were found. To evaluate the hardness H and Young’s modulus E nanoindentation measurements were performed and the plasticity indicating ratios H/E and H³/E² were derived. Scratch tests at elevated temperatures were performed identifying critical loads for carbide displacement and fracture. Those critical loads as well as the plasticity indexing parameters were correlated with the impact-abrasion behaviour of the two hardfacings via high-temperature cyclic impact abrasion tests up to 500°C. Results showed higher impact-abrasion resistance of the complex-alloyed FeCrC-based hardfacing due to better stability of the carbides as well as optimal ratios H/E and H³/E² indicating increased plasticity and thereby better impact resistance.
Erectile dysfunction in patients with liver cirrhosis; upper Egypt experience
Authors: Haridy Mustafa Ahmed , Mohamed Mohamed Fakhry , Badr Ahmed Fathy , Mekky Mahmoud AbdelSabour , Abdelmola Omran Mohamed , Mohammedin Emad Abdelrazzak , Sawy Safwat Salama , El-Nady Mohammed Ali Ahmed , Agamy Maha Mohamed , Ead Khalid Abdelazeem , Mostafa Hamdy Mahfouz
Published: January 2023

Background

normal sexual activity is an important issue in the quality of life for both males and females. Several diseases were associated with erectile dysfunction, unfortunately, data about erectile dysfunction in cirrhotic patients was scanty. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of erectile dysfunction in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Method: a

cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 patients with liver cirrhosis they were divided into three groups according to Child score and erectile dysfunction was studied by (IIEF-5) Questionnaire and penile Doppler.

Results

the prevalence of erectile dysfunction in the cirrhotic patient was 80%. the erectile dysfunction worsens with the worsening of the liver condition (Child C), also 20% of the cirrhotic patients had penile venous leakage which became 28.6% in advance liver cirrhosis (Child C). Multivariate logistic regression showed that advancing in age, Albumin less than 2.8 g/dl, INR 1.7-2.2, Hb>16 g/dl and Child C were predictors of erectile dysfunction in cirrhotic patients.

Conclusion

Erectile dysfunction was found in 80% of cirrhotic patients. It was more frequently observed in cirrhotic patients having an advanced disease (child C). Patients reporting ED had elevated INR, serum bilirubin, suppressed serum albumin, and elevated level of hemoglobin.
WITHDRAWN: Green HRM and Green Innovation
Authors: Bancea Alexandru , Chan Jeff , Cartwright-Johnson Shawn , Muszynski Philip
Published: January 2023

We examined the relationships between green transformational leadership, green innovation, and environmental performance via the lens of green human resource management, taking a resource-based perspective and applying the ability-motivation-opportunity hypothesis. Using a questionnaire, we were able to collect tetradic data from 309 SMEs in the manufacturing industry (SMEs). To do so, we used structural equation modeling (SEM) with a covariance emphasis to evaluate our assumptions. The results indicate that green human resource management strategies mediate the connection between green transformational leadership and green innovation. We also found that green HRM has an indirect effect on a company's environmental performance through green innovation. All of our assumptions about both direct and indirect effects were confirmed, and our findings have numerous theoretical and practical implications. Finally, our study contributes significantly to theory by showing that the HRM-performance relationship depends on a combination of the additive and interactive effects of green transformational leadership and green innovation as antecedent and mediator, respectively, on firm environmental performance. In sum, our study contributes to the existing body of literature by building upon the notion that leadership significantly affects HRM practices, which in turn predicts green innovation in the workplace.
Derechos laborales en tiempo de pandemia: una reflexión socio-jurídica para Ecuador
Authors: Matos De Nouel Ibely Ana , Cajo Montesdeoca Paola Isabel
Published: January 2023

En marzo de 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud calificó la COVID-19 como pandemia global, hecho que provocó cambios en los modos de vida de la población, y la incorporación de medidas gubernamentales, bajo la motivación de calamidad pública, que repercutieron en la aceleración del quiebre de empresas, el incremento del desempleo, normativas apresuradas y muchas acciones ejecutadas en detrimento del derecho al trabajo.
El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre cómo las personas ahora desempleadas y enfrentadas a una situación de pobreza imprevista por la pandemia pueden ejercer en Ecuador los derechos que el Estado les ha garantizado según la Constitución de la República y cómo las medidas político-administrativas adoptadas por el gobierno, han irrumpido en la calidad de vida de las personas al ser dictadas sin certeza del contexto nacional.
Mediante un estudio analítico descriptivo, se concluyó principalmente que en Ecuador hay desconocimiento y falta de registros administrativos de asalariados formales, informales y otras categorías de trabajadores no consideradas a la fecha y que sus políticas por lo tanto, no son congruentes con la realidad para que estas garanticen efectivamente el desarrollo del derecho a un trabajo digno.
Los tribunales constitucionales frente a la violación sistemática de derechos en el campo de las sentencias estructurales
Authors: Narváez Benavides Daniela
Published: January 2023

Los tribunales constitucionales representan un aspecto fundamental al interior de los sistemas democráticos contemporáneos, hasta el punto de ser organizados como una jurisdicción especializada para la resolución de conflictos constitucionales.
En el marco de sus funciones, los tribunales constitucionales han emitido sentencias que buscan proteger y garantizar derechos que han sido amenazados o vulnerados de manera sistemática. Estas sentencias tienen un carácter estructural, pues implican que las autoridades judiciales, de naturaleza constitucional, procuran restablecer derechos de grupos sociales excluidos a través de una serie de mandatos y procesos judiciales participativos que permitan restablecer los derechos vulnerados e incidir en cambios políticos como consecuencia del cumplimiento de deberes y obligaciones de las autoridades del Estado que deben proteger a esta parte de la población de forma que se evite cualquier tipo de marginación.
Reglamentación de piso de protección social: desigualdades desde los riesgos laborales y la salud laboral
Authors: Galeano Buenaventura Judith Vanessa , Gómez Rúa Natalia Eugenia , Montenegro Martínez Gino , Cuervo Diaz Diana Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

El trabajo trae consigo un riesgo para la salud y demás ámbitos de la vida del ser humano. Debido a ello, el Estado colombiano ha creado un sistema de protección para los trabajadores basado en la cobertura del riesgo objetivo, que consiste en un esquema de aseguramiento que permite al beneficiario del servicio trasladar los riesgos derivados del trabajo a las Administradoras de Riesgos Laborales. El esquema de protección se consolida desde el año 1994 en el Sistema General de Riesgos Laborales, el cual tiene a la salud laboral como concepto y técnica de prevención. Con base en ello, el objetivo del artículo es analizar el piso de protección social reglamentado en Colombia para trabajadores que ganan menos del salario mínimo legal mensual vigente, desde los fundamentos en riesgos laborales, salud laboral y el principio de igualdad. El artículo se realizó mediante un rastreo documental, entre ellos: artículos científicos publicados en revistas indexadas, normatividad nacional e internacional y, datos oficiales de nivel nacional. Los resultados arrojan que la reglamentación de dicho piso, para los que ganan menos del mínimo no es concordante con los fundamentos de los riesgos laborales, no protege ni garantiza la efectividad de la salud laboral y amplía la brecha de desigualdad social. Se concluye que esta reglamentación no se encuentra bajo los postulados del piso mínimo de protección social proveídos por la OIT y se alerta de la necesidad de implementarlo sin afectar la salud laboral de los trabajadores.
Strategic company management during digital transformation: Analysis of conceptions, approaches and methods
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Stoianova Olga V. , Lezina Tatiana A. ,   HSE University, Ivanova Victoria V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2023

Nowadays, the level of digitalization of Russian companies varies greatly depending on their scale, industry, form of ownership, etc. The low efficiency of management systems is one of the key reasons for an insufficiently fast or unsuccessful digital transformation of many Russian companies, which is caused both by the lack of management experience in the context of digital transformation and the undeveloped mechanisms of such management. The latter circumstance determines the important scientific problem of developing the methodological basis of strategic management of companies during digital transformation; the initial stage of which is the analysis of the current state of research in this area. The purpose of the study is to identify research prospects, as well as problems that need to be solved to create a methodology for strategic management of companies implementing digital transformation projects. A bibliometric and content analysis of published works was carried out, including a multi-staged publication selection procedure, which reduced the original list of papers from 516 items to 135 ones. The article offers the answers to the following questions: what preconditions for changing the theory and practice of management are created by digital transformation; what ideas and solutions concerning the concept and methodology of strategic management are proposed by the scientific community. Based on the systematization of the results of numerous studies, the paper identifies priority tasks for the development of an improved strategic management methodology. These tasks include improving the strategic management conception, enhancing strategic management mechanisms, developing a system for identifying mechanisms for companies of different strategic orientations and levels of readiness for digital transformation, and developing practice-oriented recommendations for the integrated use of strategic management methods to provide information support for the management processes in domestic companies.
Contaminated product and lifting a mandatory provisional suspension: Is there a new standard of proof in case of the All-Russian Anti-Doping Rules?
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Vasilyev Ilia A.
Published: January 2023

The story of the possible temporary suspension of Russian figure skating star Kamila Valieva during the 2022 Olympic Games was discussed as actively as the results of the competitions. The figure skater passed a positive doping test during the competition in December 2021 but only found out about it on February 8. The Russian Anti-Doping Agency (RUSADA) applied a mandatory provisional suspension to the athlete. However, on February 9, the RUSADA Disciplinary Anti-Doping Committee, at the appeal of the skater, lifted the decision of RUSADA on suspension and the athlete was able to take part in the Olympic games. The International Skating Union, the International Olympic Committee, and the World Anti- Doping Agency (WADA) filed appeals against the Anti-Doping Committee’s decision. The Court of Arbitration for Sport denied all appeals and affirmed the decision of the RUSADA Anti-Doping Committee. The key point was the status of the skater a protected person according to the view of the WADA World Anti-Doping Code — a protected person. At the same time, the special regime for a protected person did not extend to the standard of proof. Such an athlete, like any other athlete, must prove on the basic of a “balance of probability” that a prohibited substance was entered through a contaminated product to lift a mandatory provisional suspension. In the opinion of the RUSADA Anti-Doping Committee, the athlete was able to prove a “reasonable possibility” of a prohibited substance entering her body through a contaminated product. The literal application of the norm of the All-Russian Anti-Doping Rules, in contrast to the WADA Code, is required to prove that “the violation most likely occurred due to the use of a contaminated product”. The extraordinary situation is commented on by the author.
Characteristic of legal communication: Addressees of legal acts
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Belov Sergei A.
Published: January 2023

While the communicative approach to the law is spread widely today, characteristic of legal communication are still purely described and weakly researched. Linguists and experts in theory of communication are not involved in discourse of legal notions and practice of law, whereas jurists are not ready to step out of this discourse. This article represents an attempt to overcome these difficulties and to find in law necessary parameters (focusing on the figure of addressee), being equipped with the methodology of communication theory. Resuming analysis of the substance and conditions of legal communication, the author concludes that recognized in the contemporary linguistic interaction model of communication with some limits are applied to the legal communication. Law does not suppose that content of legal acts (messages of legal communication) is determined solely by intention and will of addresser. Interpretation of legal acts is an important part of the mechanism of law and it needs active involvement of addressee, though unlike in communication of other types, the addressee cannot enjoy the full freedom of interpretation of text, aliened form the addresser. In law, this would raise a risk of violation the equal protection — fundamental principle of law. Addressees of legal acts are either executors or enforcers of legal prescriptions. Interpretation of enforcers tends to be coordinated and unified, leading to forming of collective enforcing addressee. Anyway, the execution of legal prescriptions is to be volitional and conscious, therefore the executors should keep the role of direct addressees as well, though their interpretation of legal acts will be subordinated to that of enforcers. The non-normative acts in the most cases (excluding non-reception one-sided deals and private applications to public authorities) have one main addressee, while the circle of potential addressees remains indefinite.
Modification or termination of contracts due to international economic sanctions from the standpoint of Russian legislation and court practice
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (MGIMO-University), Goriacheva Anastasia I.
Published: January 2023

In this article the author covers the problem of possible modification or termination of contracts due to international economic sanctions, in particular the US and EU sanctions against Russia. The author analyses relevant legislative acts, approaches of governmental authorities and court practice on this matter. This extensive analysis includes overview of development of main legal doctrines and institutions, related to the subject matter of this article. Moreover, it covers definitions of the relevant terms. This article is mainly aimed at defining a list of criteria to rely on when determining the possibility to modify or terminate a contract due to international economic sanctions in each particular case. The author raises the hypothesis that possibility to modify or terminate a contract due to international economic sanctions is subject to a closed list of criteria. The subject matter of this article is important since sanctions are now one of the main instruments of political influence in interstate relations and have a significant impact on all types of contractual relationships. Today, a major and common challenge faced by market participants is the inability to enforce contracts the way they were originally entered into. Due to the fact that in Russia it is rare for contracts to be amended or terminated due to newly imposed sanctions, parties do not always find themselves in a position to enforce a contract in a timely manner or to perform at all. As a result, the stability of the business environment is disrupted and the level of trust is reduced. Thus, it is highly important to perform a thorough analysis of this matter and provide possible solutions for market participants.
The Russian version of “Core Self-Evaluation Scale”: Psychometric testing and prospects of using
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Manichev Sergey , Lepehin Nikolay ,   St. Petersburg State University, Ilyina Olga ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2023

The article presents a theoretical description and psychometric testing of the Russian version of the “Core Self-Evaluation Scale” (CSEs (Ru)). The scale of CSE is an integral indicator that reflects of a personal resources of proactive behavior, as well as a generalized dispositional predictor of job satisfaction and positive self-assessment of the results of activity. The validation and psychometric testing were conducted in several stages, the total number of respondents N=917, who work in Moscow, St Petersburg, Belgorod, and other Russian cities, between the ages of 18 and 60, of which 62% are female and 38% are male. The design of the study included methods: an adapted Russian version of the Core Self-Evaluation scale by Judge et al., 5PFQ as adapted by A.B.Hromov, Generalized self-efficacy scale, Schwarzer, Jerusalem as adapted by V.G.Romek, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Locus of control as adapted by Kseno- fontova, Gallup’s Q12 Employee Engagement Survey. A two-factor structure of the CSEs (Ru) was identified which includes positive and negative core self-evaluation scales. The CSEs (Ru) demonstrated a satisfactory reliability. The validation testing demonstrated significant correlations with self-esteem, level of subjective control, self-efficacy, neuroticism, и engagement. The CSEs (Ru) includes 10 items and has a sufficient preliminary reliability and validity, making it a useful tool when measuring the core self-evaluation of organizations’ staff. Diversities of the negative core self-evaluation level’s strength within respondents of different age and sex were identified. Сore self-evaluation level is important in staffing work teams of different professional specialization as a predictor of proactive behavior and team resilience. Further research could be focused on the proof of the measurement’s reliability and validity when measuring of proactive behavior in teams.
Adaptation of deaf and hard-of-hearing people self-identification scale (DIDS)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Mikhailova Nadezhda , Krasko Anastasia ,   St. Petersburg State University, Fattakhova Margarita ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Mironova Margarita A. ,   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev, Vyacheslavova Ekaterina ,   The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: January 2023

One obstacle in understanding deafness as a cultural difference is the absence of models and methods that could study the acculturation or identity of deaf people in modern Russia. Approbation and validation of deaf and hard-of-hearing people self-identification scale (DIDS), based on the Glickman model of the development of cultural identity, could contribute to the study of acculturation of deaf people in Russia, and create a reliable methodological tool for practical psychologists working in the system of special secondary and higher professional education. The purpose of this article is to present materials of the step-by-step psychometric verification of the DIDS questionnaire, obtained on a sample of deaf and hard of hearing students studying in different institutional settings, aged 17 to 41 (N = 420, M = 21.88; SD = 5.24). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that all scales are independent of each other. To check the consistency of the scales, the Cronbach coefficient was used. It demonstrated high consistency of each scale in the general sample (α-Cronbach from 0.704 to 0.767), as well as on subsamples of men and women (α-Cronbach from 0.629 to 0.801) and in different age groups (α-Cronbach from 0.687 to 0.862). To check the stability of the scales, an analysis was also carried out on subsamples of persons with varying degrees of hearing loss (α-Cronbach from 0.653 to 0.832) and without it (α-Cronbach from 0.688 to 0.801). To check the internal consistency of the questionnaire, a correlation analysis was carried out both within the scales and between them. The results obtained confirmed the conformity of the considered construct. As a result, the Russian adaptation of the American DIDS scale was reduced by 20 statements, which increased the internal consistency and reliability of the methodology. Analysis of the psychometric properties of the DIDS scale confirmed the possibility of its usage in deaf and hard of hearing Russians.
Multi-level health indicators as predictors of students’ subjective well-being experience
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Korjova Elena , Veselova Elena ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Rudykhina Olga ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University
Published: January 2023

The subjective well-being as an integral experience of health state is a multidimensional phenomenon. The intrapersonal, social and environmental levels of subjective well-being were distinguished. The aim of the study was to determine predictors of subjective well-being of students. 850 students of different courses of St Petersburg and Novosibirsk universities took part in the study. The screening techniques MHC-SF (C.Keyes) and test of resilience (D.Leont’ev and E.Rasskazova), Scale of subjective well-being (C.Ryff), Measuring of prosocial tendencies (G.Carlo and B.A.Randall, adaptation of N.Kukhtova), Measuring of attitude to significant life situations (E.Korjova, A.Berdnikova), Scale of depression PHQ-9 and Scale of anxiety GAD-7 (Patient Health Questionnaire) were used. The results showed that students with a high level of subjective well-being rated all levels of health significantly higher than students with a low level of subjective well-being. The greatest influence on the subjective wellbeing is exerted by intrapersonal (endopsychic) predictors — resilience (β=0.322; p=0.000) and the presence of a goal in life (β=0.176; p=0.000). To a lesser extent, exopsychic predictors have an impact — attitude to a significant life situation and prosocial orientation, as well as self-assessment of mental health and presence of depression. The greatest contribution to the subjective well-being of intrapersonal characteristics confirms the leading role of personality in regulating the relationship between human and world. The data obtained make it possible to build a hierarchy of significant health resources for working out different health-saving programs.
Anti-scaling performances of different aged landfill leachates on PPR and ABS pipe materials
Authors: Zhao Rui , Chen Jingfang , Liu Jie , Li Min , Yang Hongwei
Published: January 2023

Landfill leachate, because of its complex components, may cause pipe clogging during its collection and transportation, and pose a threat to the environment. This study considers two typical drainage pipe materials, i.e., polypropylene-random (PPR) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), to discriminate their anti-scaling performances through a landfill leachate immersion experiment. The results show that both PPR and ABS pipe materials immersed in the younger-aged leachate are prone to scaling. The mass concentrations of Ca2+ in the leachate play a key role in scale formation, followed by Mg2+, pH, oxidation–reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO), and Cl−. In particular, Ca2+, pH, and DO show a positive relationship in scaling, while Mg2+ acts in a negative relationship. Calcium carbonate is the major constituent of the scales, accounting for 72.3% of the total. The scaling on the surface of the PPR pipe material is more serious than that of the ABS pipe material, revealed by the corresponding weight increment that is 33% higher than that related to ABS during the experimental period. It is thus indicated that ABS has better anti-scaling performance, which may be an optional material selected for the system design of leachate collection and transportation.
Standing waves of the stepped dropshaft in a deep tunnel stormwater system
Authors: Sun Jingkang , Qian Shangtuo , Xu Hui , Chen Yaohui , Ren Weichen
Published: January 2023

The deep tunnel stormwater system, consisting of dropshafts and underground tunnels, is used to alleviate or prevent urban water problems associated with extreme rainfall events. The stepped dropshaft can transport surface runoff to the tunnels with high energy dissipation, low risk of cavitation and good exhaust performance, which well meets the requirement of the deep tunnel stormwater system. In the present study, the characteristics of the standing wave were investigated by experiments and numerical simulations, including the peak, trough and length of the standing wave. The flow regimes were divided into the nappe flow, the transition flow and the skimming flow with the increase of discharge, in which the standing wave mainly occurs on the external wall under the nappe flow and the transition flow. Influences of inflow discharge and dropshaft geometries were analyzed, including step rotation angle, relative step height and dropshaft curvature. The relations of the characteristics of standing wave with these effect factors were obtained. The maximum discharge capacity of the stepped dropshaft was established by considering that the standing wave just reached the above steps, which could be useful for the design and safe operation of the stepped dropshaft.
Preparation of environment-friendly SiO2 aerogel based on waste boron mud and its adsorption behavior for toluene
Authors: Liu Yue , Zhang Tonglu , Wang Bai , Hu Jianshe
Published: January 2023

To mitigate the environmental hazards of boron mud waste accumulation, we prepared environmental-friendly SiO2 aerogels by extracting them through alkaline leaching treatment and optimized the experimental conditions. The optimum process parameters for alkaline leaching solution NaOH concentration, leaching temperature, solid-to-liquid ratio, and leaching time were 2 mol/L, 95 °C, 1:4, and 3 h, respectively. In this work, cheap and non-toxic hydroxy silicone oil (PDMS–OH) and hydrogen-containing silicone oil (PMHS) were used as surface modifiers instead of toxic and expensive trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) in the SiO2 aerogel modification process. The best performance under the optimum conditions was achieved with 60% PDMS–OH-modified SiO2 aerogel. Organic liquid spills, represented by toluene, pose a great danger to the environment and water bodies. We treated free toluene on the water surface with the aerogel mentioned above and its adsorption capacity was up to 2,655 mg/g. After the adsorption of toluene, the aerogels coalesced into agglomerates for subsequent collection and handling. Furthermore, after five repeated applications, the adsorption capacity remained at 91.43% of the initial application. Overall, this research provided an inexpensive and simple solution for the treatment of organic liquids in wastewater.
What determines dairy household food waste? A case study from the costa rican dairy industry
Authors: Montero Vega Mercedes , García Barquero Manuel , Sánchez Gómez José , Mejia Valverde Karsyl
Published: January 2023

Household waste represents a big contributor to food waste, especially in higher-income countries. To understand consumer behavior, and therefore food waste, this study addresses food buying and storaging routines, sociodemographic characteristics and intrinsic product characteristics. Food waste has usually been studied in high[1]income countries, especially in Europe and North America. However, this research includes 343 direct interviews with Costa Rican consumers. We constructed a structural equation model using the Theory of planned behavior to understand dairy food waste. Results indicate that the least important determinants of food waste are sociodemographic characteristics, nonetheless, income correlates positively higher waste rates, as expected. Intrinsic characteristics of dairy products were an important determinant of waste; as consumers place more importance on these characteristics, less waste is produced. This is the first study in which food waste includes all of these constructs and that is settled in a developing country. Based on our results and the determinants of food waste, we discuss the political and research implications for household food waste reduction.