bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustaining angiosperms’ diversity of Bood Promontory and Eco-Park, Butuan City, Philippines: Step towards a community based-protection management program
Authors: Berame Julie , BULAY MINIE L. , MERCADO RISSA M.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Berame JS, Bulay ML, Mercado RM. 2021. Sustaining angiosperms’ diversity of Bood Promontory and Eco-Park, Butuan City, Philippines: Step towards a community based-protection management program. Biodiversitas 22: 2519-2527. Bood Promontory and Eco-Park (Butuan City, Philippines) is a non-protected 72-hectare agroforestry land, disputed by two barangays. Its existence is rich historically, but the presence of important plant species, the angiosperms, attracted people which caused their number declining recently. Therefore, this study explored the flora using a line transect method through random sampling to provide valuable inputs necessary to back up the promulgation for a community based-protection management program in the area. Results found that 291 angiosperms accounted for 11 tree species, 4 herbs, 1 shrub, and 5 unnamed species. Trees made up 75% of the area, dominated by Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla, King), and 50% of plant species are unassessed. Yakal, Philippine Teak, Antipolo, Narra, Mahogany, and Molave are in the IUCN Redlist for critically endangered and vulnerable statuses commonly used for construction materials, boat making, furniture, carvings, plywood, and firewood, putting them into peril and destruction if left unprotected. There were no recognized organizations, yet partial participation of the barangay council in forest protection and monitoring management can help angiosperms sustaining their existence. The City Tourism and DENR have to accelerate the claim for protecting the area and implement fully functional participation of locals to sustain and protect the vulnerability of angiosperm species.
A Day in the Life of the Giant Ant Dinoponera lucida Emery, 1901 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): Records of Activities and Intraspecific Interactions
Authors: Zocca Cássio , Curbani Flávio , Ferreira Rodrigo B. , Weichert Cecília , Sobrinho Tathiana Guerra , Srbek-Araujo Ana Carolina
Published: June 2021

Ants present a wide variety of nesting sites, feeding habits, and trophic interactions, but the biology of most species remains unknown. Dinoponera lucida is a poneromorph ant forest-specialist and solitary forager, endemic to the Brazil’s Atlantic Forest. Herein we describe foraging activities, guard and maintenance of the nests, orientation mode, and intraspecific interactions performed by D. lucida. We found three nests distant from each other at least 8.5 m, and the mean reached distance by a worker was 3.8 m. The workers showed colony fidelity and random forage in their territory. We observed two non-agonistic interactions between workers from the same nest, and two agonistic interactions between foraging workers from different nests. The low frequency of agonistic interactions suggests that workers from different nests are unlikely to forage in the same area. Our results expand the knowledge on ants’ natural history through data on foraging activities, guard and maintenance of the nests, orientation mode and intraspecific interactions.
First stellar photons for an integrated optics discrete beam combiner at the William Herschel Telescope
Authors: Nayak Abani Shankar , Labadie Lucas , Sharma Tarun Kumar , Piacentini Simone , Corrielli Giacomo , Osellame Roberto , Gendron Éric , Buey Jean-Tristan M. , Chemla Fanny , Cohen Mathieu , Bharmal Nazim A. , Bardou Lisa F. , Staykov Lazar , Osborn James , Morris Timothy J. , Pedretti Ettore , Dinkelaker Aline N. , Madhav Kalaga V. , Roth Martin M.
Published: June 2021

We present the first on-sky results of a four-telescope integrated optics discrete beam combiner (DBC) tested at the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope. The device consists of a four-input pupil remapper followed by a DBC and a 23-output reformatter. The whole device was written monolithically in a single alumino-borosilicate substrate using ultrafast laser inscription. The device was operated at astronomical H-band (1.6 µm), and a deformable mirror along with a microlens array was used to inject stellar photons into the device. We report the measured visibility amplitudes and closure phases obtained on Vega and Altair that are retrieved using the calibrated transfer matrix of the device. While the coherence function can be reconstructed, the on-sky results show significant dispersion from the expected values. Based on the analysis of comparable simulations, we find that such dispersion is largely caused by the limited signal-to-noise ratio of our observations. This constitutes a first step toward an improved validation of the DBC as a possible beam combination scheme for long-baseline interferometry.
Scene motion detection in imagery with anisoplanatic optical turbulence using a tilt-variance-based Gaussian mixture model
Authors: Van Hook Richard L. , Hardie Russell C.
Published: June 2021

In long-range imaging applications, anisoplanatic atmospheric optical
turbulence imparts spatially- and temporally varying blur and
geometric distortions in acquired imagery. The ability to distinguish
true scene motion from turbulence warping is important for many
image-processing and analysis tasks. The authors present a
scene-motion detection algorithm specifically designed to operate in
the presence of anisoplanatic optical turbulence. The method models
intensity fluctuations in each pixel with a Gaussian mixture model
(GMM). The GMM uses knowledge of the turbulence tilt-variance
statistics. We provide both quantitative and qualitative performance
analyses and compare the proposed method to several state-of-the art
algorithms. The image data are generated with an anisoplanatic
numerical wave-propagation simulator that allows us to have motion
truth. The subject technique outperforms the benchmark methods in our
study.
Magneto-optical Kerr effect measurement in ultrafast Sagnac interferometry using the Jones matrix approach
Authors: Shin Yooleemi , Kim Ji-Wan
Published: June 2021

We report the Jones matrix formalism of the magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) for ferromagnets using an ultrafast Sagnac interferometer. Compared to the time-resolved MOKE instrument, the Sagnac interferometer has the advantage of obtaining the real and imaginary parts of the differential MOKE signal as well as the differential reflectivity and the lattice displacement at the same time. In addition, a simple method to obtain the static values of Kerr rotation and ellipticity is presented.
Geometric shaping optimization of 64-APSK constellation in discrete nonlinear frequency division multiplexing systems
Authors: Chen Junda , Chen Yizhao , Duan Yuxiang , Wang Xuefeng , Wang Li , Tong Tianhao , Xiang Yating , Zhao Can , Liu Deming , Tang Ming
Published: June 2021

We experimentally demonstrated a geometric shaped (GS) 64-ary amplitude phase shift keying (64-APSK) eigenvalue transmission. The signal is modulated on the scatter coefficient of a single eigenvalue and linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) estimator is used to reduce the noise. The channel response is estimated by transmitting a normally distributed 64-APSK constellation through a communication link. Based on the polar coordinates distribution of the received constellation, the diameter distributions for each circle can be obtained so that circles with larger noise can obtain larger judgment width. After optimization, the experimental results show that the Q-factor gain is 1.13 dB under 22 dB received optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) configuration and 0.88 dB after 900 km transmission compared with normally distributed APSK configuration.
Is vaccination a viable method to control Johne’s disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis? Data from 12 million ovine vaccinations and 7.6 million carcass examinations in New South Wales, Australia from 1999–2009
Authors: Links Ian J. , Denholm Laurence J. , Evers Marilyn , Kingham Lloyd J. , Greenstein Robert J.
Published: June 2021

Background

Mycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis(MAP) causes Johne’s disease (or paratuberculosis), a chronic wasting disease of ruminants and other animals resulting from granulomatous enteritis. There are increasing concerns that MAP is zoonotic. The prevalence of Johne’s disease is increasing worldwide. In an attempt to control an epidemic of ovine Johne’s disease (OJD) in New South Wales (NSW), a government/industry sponsored voluntary vaccination/on-farm management program commenced in 2000. We report herein an observational study of changes in disease prevalence as vaccination progressed, based on abattoir surveillance data for OJD from 1999 to 2009. We also discuss the epidemiological, policy, regulatory, research, economic and sociological elements that contributed to the development of a mature control program, whose aim was to halt the epidemic spread of OJD in a naïve sheep population.

Methods

NSW was divided into areas of “High” (HPA), “Medium” (MPA) and “Low” (LPA) OJD prevalence. A killed whole cell vaccine (Gudair®) was administered to sheep from 2000 to 2009. Trained examiners evaluated the viscera of adult sheep carcasses at slaughter for gross evidence of OJD. MAP infection was confirmed by histopathology.

Principal findings

From 2000–2009, 12 million vaccine doses were administered in NSW (91%; 10.9 million in the HPA). Many of the vaccinated flocks were suffering > 5% annual mortality in adult sheep, with some individual flocks with 10–15% losses attributable to OJD. A total of 7.6 million carcasses were examined (38%; 2.9 million from the HPA). Overall, 16% of slaughter consignments (sheep consigned to the abattoir from a single vendor) were positive for OJD, of which 94% were from the HPA. In the HPA, the percentage of animals with lesions attributable to OJD at slaughter fell progressively from 2.4% (10,406/432,860) at commencement of vaccination in 2000 to 0.8% (1,573/189,564) by 2009. Herd immunity from vaccination in the HPA was estimated at 70% by 2009, the target commonly espoused for an effective control program based on vaccination. This coincided with a progressive decrease in reports of clinical disease and mortalities in vaccinated flocks.

Significance

We show a decrease in the prevalence of lesions attributable to OJD in NSW concomitant with initiation of voluntary vaccination, on-farm management plans, abattoir monitoring and feedback of animal prevalence data to sheep producers. We conclude that a target of ≤ 1% regional prevalence of OJD affected sheep at slaughter is achievable using these interventions.
Structure, composition and diversity of restored forest ecosystems on mine-spoils in South-Western Ghana
Authors: Nero Bertrand Festus
Published: June 2021

In response to national policy obligations, many mining companies in Ghana have restored/reclaimed degraded mined out sites through revegetation. The area extent of such restored areas is unknown and there is also paucity of data on success of restoration, species diversity and compositional dynamics of such restored landscapes, particularly using mixed species. This study assessed stand structure, diversity and composition dynamics of sites restored with mixed species and models species abundance distribution on these sites. Three reclaimed and one control site (adjacent natural forest) were inventoried using 27, 30 x 30 m plots on the Hwini-Butre and Benso concession of the Golden Star Wassa Limited. Overall 3057 (per 24 plots) and 150 (per 3 plots) individual trees were recorded in the overstorey of the reclaimed and control sites, respectively. In all, 31 species in 13 families occurred on the reclaimed site while 61 species in 29 families occurred on the control. Species richness, abundance and diversity were significantly lower in the reclaimed sites than the control in the overstorey (p≤0.018), mid-storey (p ≤ 0.032), and understorey (p≤ 0.031). Species composition of the reclaimed and control sites were mostly dissimilar in the overstorey, midstorey, and understorey. However, the midstorey and overstorey of the reclaimed sites showed high similarity in composition (Jaccard’s index = 0.817). Pioneer and shade-tolerant species were most dominant in the understorey of the control while only shade-tolerant species (mostly herbs and grasses) dominated the reclaimed sites. Species abundance distribution of both reclaimed and control sites followed the geometric series model, indicating that both sites are disturbed but at different intensities. It is concluded that reclamation with mixed species does not necessarily lead to rapid restoration of indigenous climax species on mine spoils. Nonetheless, it may lead to accomplishments of short-term goals of stabilizing and protecting landscapes while conditioning the sites for colonisation of the climax species.
Antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of Vernonia cinerea against Xanthomonas oryzae and identification of their compounds using in silico techniques
Authors: Joshi Tushar , Pandey Satish Chandra , Maiti Priyanka , Tripathi Manish , Paliwal Ashutosh , Nand Mahesha , Sharma Priyanka , Samant Mukesh , Pande Veena , Chandra Subhash
Published: June 2021

Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) disease is an extremely ruinous disease in rice, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Although various chemicals are available to manage BLB, they are toxic to the environment as well as humans. Hence there is a need to develop new pesticides as alternatives to hazardous chemicals. Therefore, a study was carried out to discover new potent natural pesticides against Xoo from different solvent extracts of Vernonia cinerea. Among all the fractions, the methanolic extract showed the highest inhibition zone. Further, to gain mechanistic insight of inhibitory action, 40 molecules of methanolic extracts were subjected for in silico study against two enzymes D-alanine—D-alanine ligase (Ddl) and Peptide deformylase (PDF). In silico study showed Rutin and Methanone, [1,4-dimethyl-7-(1- methylethyl)-2- azulenyl]phenyl have a good binding affinity with Ddl while Phenol, 2,4-bis(1-phenylethyl)- and 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester showed an excellent binding affinity to PDF. Finally, the system biology approach was applied to understand the agrochemical’s effect in the cell system of bacteria against both the enzymes. Conclusively, these four-hit compounds may have strong potential against Xoo and can be used as biopesticides in the future.
Adverse outcomes after surgeries in patients with liver cirrhosis among Korean population: A population-based study
Authors: Jo Hyun Ho , Min Changwook , Kyoung Dae-Sung , Park Min-Ae , Kim Sang Gyune , Kim Young Seok , Chang Young , Jeong Soung Won , Jang Jae Young , Lee Sae Hwan , Kim Hong Soo , Jun Baek Gyu , Kim Young Don , Cheon Gab Jin , Yoo Jeong-Ju
Published: June 2021

Background

Patients with liver cirrhosis have an increased risk of in-hospital mortality or postoperative complication after surgery. However, large-scale studies on the prognosis of these patients after surgery are lacking. The aim of the study was to investigate the adverse outcomes of patients with liver cirrhosis after surgery over five years.

Methods and findings

We used the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Inpatient Samples (HIRA-NIS) between 2012 and 2016. In-hospital mortality and hospital stay were analyzed using the data. Mortality rates according to the surgical department were also analyzed. Of the 1,662,887 patients who underwent surgery, 16,174 (1.0%) patients had cirrhosis. The in-hospital mortality (8.0% vs. 1.0%) and postoperative complications such as respiratory (6.0% vs. 5.3%) or infections (2.8% vs. 2.4%) was significantly higher in patients with cirrhosis than in those without cirrhosis. In addition, the total hospitalization period and use of the intensive care unit were significantly higher in patients with liver cirrhosis. In propensity score matching analysis, liver cirrhosis increased the risk of adverse outcome significantly [adjusted OR (aOR) 1.67, 95% CI 1.56–1.79, P<0.001], especially in-hospital mortality. In liver cirrhosis group, presence of decompensation or varices showed significantly increased postoperative complication or mortality. Adverse outcomes in patients with cirrhosis was the highest in patients who underwent otorhinolaryngology surgery (aOR 1.86), followed by neurosurgery (aOR 1.72), thoracic and cardiovascular surgery (aOR 1.56), and plastic surgery (aOR 1.36).

Conclusion

The adverse outcomes of patients with cirrhosis is significantly high after surgery, despite advances in cirrhosis treatment.
Detection of myocardial ischemia by intracoronary ECG using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Bigler Marius Reto , Seiler Christian
Published: June 2021

Introduction

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia as it presents distinctive ischemic patterns. Deep learning methods such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) are employed to extract data-derived features and to recognize natural patterns. Hence, CNN enable an unbiased view on well-known clinical phenomenon, e.g., myocardial ischemia. This study tested a novel, hypothesis-generating approach using pre-trained CNN to determine the optimal ischemic parameter as obtained from the highly susceptible intracoronary ECG (icECG).

Method

This was a retrospective observational study in 228 patients with chronic coronary syndrome. Each patient had participated in clinical trials with icECG recording and ST-segment shift measurement at the beginning (i.e., non-ischemic) and the end (i.e., ischemic) of a one-minute proximal coronary artery balloon occlusion establishing the reference. Using these data (893 icECGs in total), two pre-trained, open-access CNN (GoogLeNet/ResNet101) were trained to recognize ischemia. The best performing CNN during training were compared with the icECG ST-segment shift for diagnostic accuracy in the detection of artificially induced myocardial ischemia.

Results

Using coronary patency or occlusion as reference for absent or present myocardial ischemia, receiver-operating-characteristics (ROC)-analysis of manually obtained icECG ST-segment shift (mV) showed an area under the ROC-curve (AUC) of 0.903±0.043 (p<0.0001, sensitivity 80%, specificity 92% at a cut-off of 0.279mV). The best performing CNN showed an AUC of 0.924 (sensitivity 93%, specificity 92%). DeLong-Test of the ROC-curves showed no significant difference between the AUCs. The underlying morphology responsible for the network prediction differed between the trained networks but was focused on the ST-segment and the T-wave for myocardial ischemia detection.

Conclusions

When tested in an experimental setting with artificially induced coronary artery occlusion, quantitative icECG ST-segment shift and CNN using pathophysiologic prediction criteria detect myocardial ischemia with similarly high accuracy.
Cold storage-mediated rearing of Trichogramma evanescens Westwood on eggs of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) and Galleria mellonella L.
Authors: Haque Aslam , Islam Saiful , Bari Abdul , Hossain Akhtar , Athanassiou Christos G. , Hasan Mahbub
Published: June 2021

The egg parasitoidTrichogramma evanescensWestwood is considered as an efficient biological control agent for managing several lepidopteran pests and it is widely distributed throughout the world. Mass rearing protocols of parasitoids that are currently in use in biocontrol programs require a meticulous quality control plan, in order to optimize their efficacy, but also their progeny production capacity. In this paper, the effect of different factors on the quality control in mass rearing ofT.evenescens, usingPlodia interpunctella(Hübner) andGalleria mellonellaL. as host species, were investigated. The impact of egg agewas significant in the rates of parasitism, for both host species tested. Significantly highest percent of parasitoid emergence was noticed in two day-old eggs for both host species, while one day-old eggs day exhibited the maximum emergence when both species were used togetherin the same trials. Age-dependent storage egg preservation at either 4 or 9°C significantly influenced the parasitism percentages on both species. The highest parasitism percentage was recorded in two day-oldG.mellonellaeggs that are kept for 15 days at 9°C while the lower in one day-oldP.interpunctellaeggs for 60 d storage. Moreover, the highest parasitoid mortality was recorded inT.evanescensreared either onP.interpunctellaorG.mellonellaat 20°C. Rearing of the parasitoid on a mixture of eggs of both host species resulted in higher parasitism, but not always in higher rates of parasitoid emergence. The results of the present work provide useful information that can be further utilized in rearing protocols ofT.evanescens.
Similarity assessment and adjustment of integrated temperature databases. Cuyo region, Argentina
Authors: Bastidas Mejía Luis Bernardo , Vich Alberto Ismael Juan , Piccolo María Cintia
Published: June 2021

Given the frequent spatial-temporal limitations and deficiencies of instrumental meteorological records, the use of alternative information sources, such as integrated databases, are important for analyses and studies of diverse nature. The research aim was to evaluate the accuracy of integrated databases of monthly temperature, belonging to Climate Research Unit, University of Delaware and Global Historical Climatology Network, gridded with a pixel size of 3,098.01 km2 (0.5º x 0.5º), surface area of 151,802.5 km2 and temporary length of 22 years (1993-2014), through the modified structural similarity index (mSSIM). The study area is located in central-western Argentina (between 30º and 35º S, and 71º and 66º W). The University of Delaware grid showed the best fit of the data series from 10 weather stations located in the study area. Therefore, a proposal was presented to increase similarity indices, especially for those cells without instrumental reference information. The study determined that by applying this modification, the gridded datasets increases the similarity of the measured data, especially in mountainous areas, where originally there were differences of more than 7.5 ºC between the gridded data and observed one. The proposal decreases these differences to average values below 1 ºC. The use and subsequent adjustment of these integrated databases, allows access to information in areas without meteorological records.
Survey on the risk factors for cervical cancer known by biomedicine students
Authors: Almeida Camila Aparecida Pinheiro Landim , Silva Barbara Byanka Costa , Souza Juliana Nascimento de , Gomes Júnior Antonio Luiz , Carvalho Herica Emilia Félix de , Lago Eliana Campêlo , Oliveira Rauirys Alencar de , Ribeiro Ivonizete Pires
Published: June 2021

The development of cervical cancer is related with human papillomavirus infection with greater intensity the subtypes 16 and 18. Considering that the lifestyle of women influences the development of this cancer, this study aimed to perform a survey on the risk factors for cervical cancer known by biomedicine students. Descriptive and exploratory research, with a quantitative approach was performed with 101 biomedical undergraduates. Data were collected from February to March 2018 through a questionnaire and analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Science program. Students in the age group of 18 to 24 years old (89.11%), single (93.07%), with family income between two and three minimum wages prevailed (43.56%). It also showed that participants started their sexual life early (average 16 years old), had more than one sexual partner throughout their lives, had no relation to smoking (100%), most were not alcohol consumers (66%), did not take the Papanicolaou preventive exam (61.39%), did not practice physical activity (55.45%) and had a low frequency in the use of condoms during sexual intercourse (22.08%). It is concluded that there is a need for educational campaigns in Higher Education Institutions, which provide more information about the prevention of Cervical Cancer and the prevention of associated risk factors.
Classification of the sperm chromatin compaction alterations in bulls (Bos taurus) and its correlation with the efficiency of the in vitro production of embryos
Authors: Hiraiwa Sara Hissae , Alves Paulo Henrique Mazzutti , Travençolo Bruno Augusto Nassif , Martins Muller Carrara , Beletti Marcelo Emílio
Published: June 2021

This paper proposes to classify the sperm chromatin compaction alterations in bulls, according to the affected area location and its objective is evaluating the correlation of the intensity, the heterogeneity and these kinds of chromatin decompaction with the rates of cleavage and the formation of blastocysts of in vitro production of embryos (IVPE). It was used several subfertile animals sperm samples, which were evaluated using the toluidine blue staining and computer image analysis, making possible the categorization of the chromatin decompaction according to their location. The percentages of chromatin decompaction and heterogeneity were also evaluated. IVPEs were done and the rates of cleavage and of blastocysts were correlated with the chromatin characteristics. It made possible the classification of the chromatin decompaction according to the head affected part in at least four types: base decompaction, basal half decompaction, central axis decompaction, total decompaction. Based on the correlation, it can be implicated that each type of classification has different influences on the bull fertility. It made possible understanding that sperms amount with 5% or more of chromatin decompaction intensity interferes in the bull fertility and this condition can be featured as an uncompensable defect, while the heterogeneity of chromatin is not an important factor in the IVPE results.
Effectiveness of Echinacea purpurea extract on immune deficiency induced by azathioprine in male albino rats
Authors: El-Sherbiny Emad Mohamed , Osman Hala Fawzy , Taha Mervat Sayed
Published: June 2021

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of Echinacea purpurea (E.P.) on azathioprine (AZA)-induced immune deficiency in albino rats. Thirty six male albino rats were divided into six equal groups. The first group served as normal control, the second and third groups were treated with two doses of AZA (3 and 5mg/kg/b.w/day IP), respectively for six weeks. The fourth group was treated with 50 mg kg/b.wt/day of Echinacea. The fifth and sixth groups were treated with3 and 5 mg AZAm respectively followed by50 mg E.P. administration. At the end of the experimental period, both doses of AZA revealed a significant reduction in total body and spleen weights, increase in tissue total protein with a significant increase in serum total protein and albumin, a marked decrease in the number of WBCS associated with a decrease in the number of lymphocytes, a significant decrease in serum total anti-oxidant capacity. Also,concentration of immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) and interleukins (IL4 &IL6) showed a significant increase, while the level of IL10 decreased significantly in splenic tissue. The dose of AZA (5 mg /kg b.wt.) only resulted in a highly significant increase in serum level of T3 and T4. However, treatment with Echinacea purpurea extract had a significant influence on immune deficiency induced by azathioprine. These findings demonstrated that E.P. extract is a promising immunomodulatory agent with a potent therapeutic value in stimulating the immune response.
A produção de polvilho na Comunidade Tatu
Authors: Reis Vanessa Martins , Crepalde Rodrigo dos Santos
Published: June 2021

A produção do polvilho é a principal fonte de renda dos moradores da Comunidade Tatu, localizada no município de Rio Pardo de Minas, região Norte do estado de Minas Gerais. O trabalho nas tendas de goma vem sendo passado de geração em geração, mas houve mudanças em decorrência da modernização da agricultura. O presente trabalho procurou discutir como a mecanização/modernização na produção do polvilho interfere nos laços de vidas tradicionais da Comunidade Tatu. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que utilizou como fonte de informações falas de dois moradores da comunidade, obtidas por entrevistas semiestruturadas, assim como informações das vivências da autora-pesquisadora principal. Nota-se com a chegada da modernização, acompanhada da mecanização, o enfraquecimento ou até mesmo a perda de alguns laços tradicionais como a troca de serviços. Ao mesmo tempo, o trabalho na produção de polvilho continua familiar e artesanal, há trocas de manivas e os agricultores compreendem que a comunidade se constrói a partir da ajuda do outro.
Diversidade étnico-racial na escola e a formação continuada de professoras do fundamental I para garantir a lei 11.645/2008 em Feira de Santana-BA
Authors: Almeida Adriane Carneiro de , Lopes Dailza Araújo , Miranda Eduardo Oliveira
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo é o desdobramento de uma pesquisa anteriormente desenvolvida que se localiza no campo das discussões científicas sobre a diversidade étnico-racial nas escolas. Teve como objetivo investigar se professoras de uma Escola Municipal de Feira de Santana, Bahia, recebem formação continuada para a realização de abordagens sobre a temática da diversidade étnico-racial na escola. A discussão foi fundamentada em Eliane Cavalleiro (1988), Nilma Gomes (2003), Sueli Carneiro (2003), Kabengele Munanga (2005), Ana Célia Silva (2005, 2011), entre outros. A metodologia utilizada foi ancorada na pesquisa de campo com abordagem qualitativa e questionário semiaberto aplicado a um grupo de doze professoras do Ensino fundamental I, além da leitura do Plano Municipal de Educação. Após realizar as análises, aponta-se para a necessidade de um maior investimento por parte da Secretaria de Educação Municipal em formação continuada para o trabalho com a temática da diversidade étnico-racial.
Intervenção em grupo com meninas adolescentes vítimas de violência sexual
Authors: Barros Amailson Sandro de , Machado Vit´ória Magalhães , Silva Edlaine Araujo da
Published: June 2021

A violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes é um fenômeno histórico e social de consequências psicossociais diversas para as vítimas e seu núcleo familiar. O trabalho de intervenção em situações de violência sexual é, ainda, uma questão que desafia profissionais que atuam com essa demanda. Com o intuito de contribuir para a difusão de práticas interventivas, o presente relato descreve uma experiência de trabalho apoiada teórica e metodologicamente na Psicologia Social Comunitária e na Educação Popular. Trata-se de uma intervenção na modalidade de grupo realizada com adolescentes vítimas de violência sexual, atendidas em uma Delegacia Especializada de Defesa dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente. Participaram dos encontros do grupo seis adolescentes com idade entre 14 e 16 anos. O grupo foi sistematizado em dez encontros. Cada encontro teve duração de uma hora e trinta minutos e foi realizado semanalmente. Os resultados indicam trocas de experiências potencialmente libertárias, fortalecimento da rede de apoio social e afetiva das adolescentes, compreensão da dinâmica da violência sexual e de seus efeitos psicossociais.
Nimfa, Ariadna, Licori. Kształtowanie kobiecej tożsamości w dziełach Claudia Monteverdiego
Authors: Bogucki Marcin
Published: June 2021

This article analyses the way of setting lament and the theme of madness to music in the first half of the seventeenth century, on the example of the works of Claudio Monteverdi.

At that time the way of expressing states on the verge of madness was the lament as a distinctive musical form in the course of the composition. The discussion takes as its point of departure one of the most famous examples of lament from early seventeenth century, Claudio Monteverdi’s The Nymph’s Lament – an emotional outburst by the eponymous heroine, held within bounds by a chorus of male voices. The work is analysed in its musical aspect as well as in the context of the “video clip” advertising Anna Prohaska’s album Enchanted Forest.

An example of a lament by Monteverdi using other musical techniques is the monologue from the opera Arianna by its heroine, which became the model for later laments. Symbolically it presents a woman’s unsuccessful struggle for her right to individuality and the cultural role of arranged marriage. Its shape is influenced by the commedia dell’arte tradition.

The first opera directly concerned with the theme of madness is Monteverdi’s La finta pazza Licori. Also in this case inspiration came from commedia dell’arte. Even though this work was not completed, the available versions allow us to reconstruct the composer’s intentions and to show how the theme of madness came to make its appearance on operatic stages.
Spór o dziedzictwo muzyczne XX wieku
Authors: Trzęsiok Marcin
Published: June 2021

This is a voice in a discussion on the subject of the field of values within which twentieth-century music developed. The author under-takes a polemic with Alicja Jarzębska, who in her book Spór o piękno muzyki [Argument over the Beauty of Music] put forward the thesis that the musical culture of the previous century was caught up in a struggle between two antinomic visions of reality: it was faced with a choice between Christian Platonism and post-Christian existentia-lism, i.e., a conglomerate of pantheism, prometheism, influences from beyond Europe, nihilism, dehumanisation, ideological seductions and cynicism. In response to this thesis the article proposes a reflection on the causes of the axiological instability and the drama that left its mark on the music of the last century. This drama – and this is the main thesis of the essay – results from the conflict between tradition and the modern natural and historical sciences. This conflict brings about a profound change in the response to the world and the arti-stic imagination: the centre is no longer the perfection of the Idea or Creation, but the mystery of the suffering integral to the nature of existence. Such a perspective means that the picture of twentieth-century music forms a configuration significantly different from that proposed by Jarzębska.
Atlasy pamięci. Warburg i Muzyka Dawna na podstawie Time Regained Björna Schmelzera i Margaridy Garcii
Authors: Lubieniecki Ryszard
Published: June 2021

Time Regained (A Warburg Atlas for Early Music) by Björn Schmelzer and Margarida Garcia, published in 2018, is the first large-scale attempt to apply to musicology, or more precisely the Early Music movement with its beginnings in the nineteenth century, the thinking and action strategy of the German art historian Aby Warburg. The authors chose as a kind of model Warburg’s famous Mnemosyne Atlas. In a similar way, Time Regained was presented in the form of an exhibition, premiered during the residence of the Belgian vocal ensemble Graindelavoix at the Utrecht Early Music Festival in 2018. The book version, alongside 10 plates containing ca. 1500 pictures, provides an extensive commentary on the exhibition. In view of its close relationship to the performance practice of the Graindelavoix ensemble, led by Björn Schmelzer, the main subject of discussion is vocal polyphony in the 12th–16th centuries.The main aim of the article is to show how Aby Warburg’ s ide-as and work are used by Schmelzer and Garcia to create their own vision of Early Music, and thus to examine the possibilities opened up for musicology and historical performance by the authors of Time Regained. Most of the text is devoted to systematising the opinions scattered over the pages of this extensive publication. The point of departure is the Mnemosyne Atlas – its structure, the contexts relating to it, and its re-interpretation in relation to Early Music („Warburg’s montages, Schmelzer’s montages”). The second part („Warburg’s Dictionary for Early Music”) concerns the manner of applying Warburg’s concepts (Pathosformel, Nachleben, Zwischenraum, bewegtes Leben) in the area of musicology and historical performance. The last fragment of the article (“The potential of Time Regained”) discusses the practical realisations of the potential contained within Time Regained itself.
Hans Joachim Schädlich und die niederländische Lyrik
Authors: Zajas Paweł
Published: June 2021

The paper reveals the backstage of a modern Dutch poetry anthology Gedichte aus Belgien und den Niederlanden (1977), published by an East German publisher Volk & Welt. An analysis of the surviving correspondence, publishing reviews, and peritexts (afterwords) has shown the mechanisms of transfer in literary translation to the GDR. This historical-literary case study illustrates the ways in which the political and cultural function of anthologies enabled the introduction of formal/content innovations into the East German literary system.
‚Perspektivendifferenz‘ als soziologische Diagnose und ‚Problem‘ in der erzählenden Literatur der Gegenwart
Authors: Kerschbaumer Sandra
Published: June 2021

The article aims to show the positions and narrative means by which contemporary literature reacts to a social problem that is currently described as ‘perspective difference’ in sociology. At the same time, it is a matter of historically locating the shown social-literary constellation in modernity.
Konfigurationen einer Bibliothek
Authors: Feuerstein-Herz Petra
Published: June 2021

The article traces the idea of provenance and its changing relevance for collecting policies governing the Herzog August Library Wolfenbüttel (HAB) since its foundation as a universal library in the 17th century. Today, systematic provenance research allows librarians and researchers not only to map layers of the collection’s origins but also to reconstruct the broken, intersected structures of a given collection’s historical delivery. It also reveals the value of books as sources for research into reading practices, cultural history, and the multiple transfers of knowledge in early modern times.
Fluchtgepäck
Authors: Werner Meike G.
Published: June 2021

Based on the expansive correspondence of the eminent philologist Eduard Berend (1883–1973), this essay reconstructs the multifaceted history of his exquisite Jean-Paul-collection, which, in 1957, became a cornerstone of the newly established Deutsches Literaturarchiv (DLA) in Marbach. Upon the invitation of the DLA, Berend, a refugee from Nazi Germany who had spent 17 years in exile in Geneva, was able to continue his work on the historical-critical edition of the works of Jean Paul (born Johann Paul Friedrich Richter, 1763–1825), one of Germany’s most prolific writers of the Classical-Romantic period. The Prussian Academy of Sciences had commissioned the critical edition in the Weimar era, and Berend had begun work on it in 1927. But, as a result of Nazi racial policy, he had been removed as the editor in 1938. The return of Berend and his Jean-Paul-Archiv mark the beginning of the DLA’s history as an exceptional research center not just for exile literature but also of and for exiled scholars.
Stempel, Schilder, Signaturen
Authors: Jaspers Anke
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the potential and challenges of provenance research on annotated book copies based on the biographies of three volumes from the library of Thomas Mann. They illustrate how the copies repeatedly disturb the library’s order(s) at their respective locations, how they are charged with meaning, absorbed in other contexts, and how their traces are prone to getting lost. However, by broadening the perspective, taking minor characters, networks, literary references, and practices linked to the authorship of Thomas Mann into account, they change our knowledge of Mann’s life and work, his relationships with other authors, and the history of his personal library.
Das ‚Etwas nach dem Nichts‘: Marie-Louise von Motesiczkys Gemälde Gespräch in der Bibliothek
Authors: Brogi Susanna , Gallas Elisabeth
Published: June 2021

Marie-Louise von Motesiczky’s painting Gespräch in der Bibliothek (Conversation in the Library) relates back to a specific historical constellation insofar as it highlights the interwoven stories of Elias Canetti, Franz Baermann Steiner, and the painter herself, but also of H. G. Adler during the early years of their British exile. Although the painting does not include and likely does not even explicitly refer to H. G. Adler, he saved Steiner’s library from destruction, which made him an integral part of the intellectual exchange that is depicted here, since the library plays a central role in the portrait. Numerous notes and letters in Steiner’s and Adler’s estates testify to the close net of all four protagonists. The article discusses the crucial role of book collections as a mainstay of the three authors’ self-conception and intellectual self-positioning in the wake of the Holocaust, and the continuing impact of this intellectual network visible throughout the dispersed papers of the authors and the painter.
„Verhülle nicht dein Gesicht vor mir“ – Konzepte von Gesicht und Wahrnehmung im alten Ägypten
Authors: Gräßler Nadine
Published: June 2021

The face (ḥr) is one of the most documented body parts in ancient Egyptian texts and its semantics covers a wide range of meanings. The face is especially involved in bodily perception linked with the facial senses (eyes, ears, nose and mouth). In this paper concepts of the face in connection with perception and communication will be examined. The first part focuses on prototypical considerations about the composition of the face and Egyptian iconographic characteristics. The second part explores textual sources to illustrate the usages of the word ḥr in connection with perception, attention and communication.
Anxiety- and Depression-Related Individual Differences in Affective and Cognitive Judgments of Self-Referential Praise and Criticism
Authors: Zhang Wanyu , Zhou Yunxiao , Hu Jiehui , Gao Zhao , Gao Shan
Published: June 2021

Introduction: While praise is generally pleasant and criticism unpleasant, individual differences in response to social evaluations arise from distinct personal traits and states. Here, we investigate how processing of self-referential praise and criticism varies with personal attributes related to anxiety and depression, two highly prevalent and often chronic affective conditions. Methods: Ninety-three healthy participants first completed questionnaires for anxiety- and depression-related traits and states, and then they were scheduled to perform an evaluation task to rate praise and criticism for pleasantness and truthfulness. Results: Fear of negative evaluation positively correlated with unpleasantness of criticism. Trait- and state-anxiety and depression were positively associated with the truthfulness of criticism but negatively associated with that of praise. We further divided participants into high- and low-scoring groups based on the medians of their scores of each scale that displayed significant correlations with comment ratings and found group differences in their responses to praise and criticism. Discussion: The findings suggest that more highly anxious and depressed individuals may be subject to negatively-distorted self-representations in response to self-referential evaluations, thus exhibiting attenuated rejection for criticism or reduced acceptance for praise, which may have important implications not only for facilitating daily social interactions but also for subclinical and clinical diagnosis and treatment given that affective and cognitive processing of self-referential evaluations serves as a critical process exhibiting the sense of the self.
Equity of Dyadic Coping in Patients with Depression and Their Partners
Authors: Meier Fabienne , Landolt Selina A. , Bradbury Thomas N. , Bodenmann Guy
Published: June 2021

Introduction: For couples, depression can position diagnosed partners to receive dyadic coping and mates to primarily provide support. We examine whether inequities in dyadic coping covary with depressive symptoms. Methods: Using data from 62 mixed-gender couples with one partner diagnosed with major depression (60% female), we computed differences between provided and received dyadic coping reported by both partners. With Response Surface Analyses we examined the associations with depressive symptoms. Results: In patients, lower equity of dyadic coping was associated with more depressive symptoms, regardless of whether the patient felt underbenefitted or overbenefitted. In partners, dyadic coping was negatively associated with depressive symptoms while equity of dyadic coping showed no significant associations. Patients and partners both reported providing more dyadic coping than they received. Discussion: Inequities in dyadic coping covary with depressive symptoms in patients, beyond main effects of dyadic coping, justifying the inclusion of couples in treatment for depression.
Attentional Tendencies That Impact Emotion Regulation Success Within a Borderline Personality Disorder Framework
Authors: Horner Cheyene K. , Allard Eric S.
Published: June 2021

Emotion regulation difficulties are key to borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptomatology. Literature indicates that attentional distraction, particularly within an interpersonal context, is common in BPD. Conversely, reappraisal tactics are less prevalent. The goal of the current study was to examine whether this discrepancy is observed when individuals reporting varying levels of BPD tendencies are given the choice of a preferred emotion regulation tactic when confronted with BPD-relevant stressors. Attentional engagement patterns, affective responses, and strategy success were also examined. Participants (N = 103) reported BPD tendencies as assessed by the Personality Assessment Inventory and were instructed to choose either to “distract” or to “reappraise” in response to affective images. Results revealed more instances of failing to implement distraction among individuals with higher BPD tendencies, which was also reflected in greater fixation biases to distressing content within those images. Results are discussed in terms of the malleability of emotion regulation in BPD contexts.
A baseline evaluation of atmospheric and river discharge conditions in the Hudson Bay Complex during 2016–2018
Authors: Lukovich Jennifer V. , Tefs Andrew , Jafarikhasragh Shabnam , Pennelly Clark , Myers Paul G. , Stadnyk Tricia A. , Sydor Kevin , Wong Karen , Vieira Michael , Landry David , Stroeve Julienne C. , Barber D. G.
Published: June 2021

In this article, we examine atmospheric and river discharge conditions within the Hudson Bay Complex for the BaySys 2016–2018 field program time frame. Investigated in particular is a subset of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis - Interim (ERA-Interim) atmospheric forcing variables, namely 2-m surface temperature, 10-m surface winds, precipitation, and sea-level pressure, in addition to river discharge. Results from this assessment show that 2016 was characterized by unusually warm conditions (terrestrial and marine) throughout the annual cycle; 2017 by strong cyclone activity in March and high precipitation in January, October, and November; and 2018 by cold and windy conditions throughout the annual cycle. Evaluation of terrestrial conditions showed higher than normal land surface temperatures (the Hudson Bay physical watershed) for all of the 2016–2018 period (excluding a colder than normal spell August–November 2018), particularly in January (2016 and 2017), higher than normal precipitation in October (2016 and 2017), and higher than normal terrestrial discharge to the Hudson Bay Complex in March (2016 and 2017), with drier than average June through October (2016–2018).