bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DINAMIKA PENERAPAN AKAD SYARIAH DALAM PRODUK KEUANGAN DI BANK SYARIAH
Authors: Jaenudin Jaenudin
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Sociologically, the existence of Islamic banks in Indonesia had developed since the early 1990 through a long time of workshops and bureaucratic processes until Bank Muamalat Indonesia was established as the first Islamic bank in Indonesia. The existence of Bank Muamalat Indonesia, as the first Islamic bank, has a mission to present an Islamic banking institution that is free from the interest system by replacing its operational system through Islamic principles. Normatively, the profit sharing concept used to an operational system for Islamic banks in Indonesia which has been regulated in Article 1 Number 12 of the Law of Banking Number 7 of 1992, then the dual banking system in Article 9 of the Law of Banking Number 10 of 1998, and the latest. is the application of Islamic principles in the Law of Islamic Bank Number 21 of 2008 through using six patterns: first, the deposit through the wadi'ah contract; second, borrowing through qard and qardh al-hasan contracts; third, the profit sharing scheme through mudharabah and syirkah contracts; fourth, buying and selling through murabahah, salam, and istishna' contracts; fifth, the rental scheme through ijarah and ijarah muntahiya bi al-tamlik contracts; and sixth, the services through wakalah, kafalah, hiwalah, ujr, sharf, and rahn contracts. The result of this study shows that the changes of Islamic banking regulations have implications to the dynamics of Islamic contract implementation in Islamic banking financial products in Indonesia.Abstrak: Secara sosiologis eksistensi bank syariah di Indonesia sudah berkembang sejak awal tahun 1990-an melalui serangkaian proses panjang lokakarya dan birokrasi sehingga berdiri Bank Muamalat Indonesia sebagai bank syariah pertama di Indonesia. Eksistensi Bank Muamalat Indonesia sebagai bank syariah memiliki misi untuk menghadirkan lembaga perbankan syariah yang bebas dari sistem bunga dengan mengganti sistem opersionalnya dengan prinsip-prinsip Islam. Penggunaan konsep bagi hasil sebagai sistem operasional bank syariah di Indonesia secara normatif telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1992 tentang Perbankan pada Pasal 1 angka 12, kemudian dual banking system dalam Pasal 9 Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 dan yang terkahir adalah penerapan prinsip syariah dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2008 dengan menggunakan enam pola: pertama, pola titipan melalui akad wadi’ah; kedua, pola pinjaman, melalui akad qard dan qardh al-hasan; ketiga, pola bagi hasil melalui akad mudharabah dan syirkah; keempat, pola jual beli melalui akad murabahah, salam, dan istishna’; kelima, pola sewa melalui akad ijarah dan ijarah muntahiya bi al-tamlik; keenam, pola jasa melalui akad wakalah, kafalah, hiwalah, ujr, sharf, dan rahn. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perubahan regulasi perbankan syariah telah berimpli­kasi terhadap dinamika penerapan akad syariah dalam produk keuangan bank syariah di Indonesia.
POTENSI SERTIFIKASI HALAL DALAM MENGHADAPI MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN (MEA)
Authors: Yuanitasari Deviana , Muchtar Helitha Novianty
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Countries in various parts of the world are currently very concerned about the importance of an adequate standard of living with a sense of safety in the use of a product. Product quality is determined based on a standard of eligibility with evidence of a packaging label. The label is a guideline for determining the level of a product used. ASEAN as a single market and a unified production base, with free flow of goods, services, production factors, investment, and capital, as well as the elimination of tariffs for trade between ASEAN countries, is a reality that ASEAN countries, especially Indonesia, cannot negotiate. The movement of goods in ASEAN in free trade causes the Muslim community in Indonesia and other ASEAN countries to question the halalness of products that enter from abroad, therefore. This article aims to discuss the potential for halal certification in the scope of development of the ASEAN economic community market. This research method is normative juridical and analytical descriptive. The results show that halal certification for food products must be carried out, by taking into account the uniformity of requirements, labels, and registration in one application for registration of halal certification in ASEAN Countries ASEAN national cooperation related to halal certification such as the establishment of institutions (regional halal accreditation boards), the establishment of a single registration system. application, uniformity of requirements, halal standards, regional certification, the establishment of regulations, and approval in the field of halal certification are the right solutions today to provide convenience for business actors while ensuring the safety of halal products in Indonesia.
IDENTIFIKASI KEBUTUHAN PEMBIAYAAN SYARIAH PETERNAK LEMBU DI DELI SERDANG
Authors: Fatira AK Marlya , Nasution Anriza Witi , Kurnia Tuti
Published: January 2021

Abstract: This research identifies the needs of cattle breeders for Islamic financing for cattle business development to provide solutions to problems faced by breeders in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra, especially in obtaining access to capital through Islamic financial institutions. The condition of the breeders included in the non-bankable criteria and did not have the 5 C criteria (character, capacity, collateral, capital, and conditions of economic), which are the main requirements for distribution of financing. One way to provide a solution to this problem is by providing easy access for farmers to obtain financing from LKMS with the most appropriate financing schemes and models for farmer business activities. In order to reach this stage, it is necessary to identify the needs of breeders. The research method used is a qualitative approach. Data were collected based on primary sources in the form of interviews with breeders, LKMS around Deli Serdang Regency. The results showed the main needs (needs) of breeders in managing their livestock business to be successful where the availability of capital during the maintenance period, the need for knowledge and skills in processing potential waste from livestock manure to become business and additional income from livestock management, the availability of routine health assistants. Conduct visits to help and provide counseling and control the health of livestock. The Islamic financing model for cattle breeders shows very promising business potential and opportunities for both parties of Islamic cooperatives and cattle breeders. The welfare opportunities formed in a multiplier manner from the sharia financing model for cattle breeders and sharia cooperatives based on investment with a yield within 42 months reach an equivalent rate of 72.5%.
Tarekat Da’wah through the Islamic Educational Institutions at Pesantren Suryalaya
Authors: Junaedi Jujun
Published: January 2021

This study seeks to analyze the objectives and methods of da'wah tarekat through Islamic educational institutions at pesantren Suryalaya. The research was conducted by exploring the basic concepts, objectives, principles, ethics, and tarekat-based education methods applied in Islamic education institutions MTs-MA Serbia Bakti. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive-analytic methods. The data were collected through observation, interviews, and literature studies, while data analysis was carried out through phenomenological reduction, eidetic reduction, and transcendental reduction. The study results concluded that the basic concepts, principles, and ethics of tarekat da'wah applied in Islamic educational institutions were based on the teachings of TQN, Tanbih manuscripts, Pearl strands, and the exemplary figure of Abah Anom. The tarekat da'wah aims to form human beings who are Cageur-Bageur and Serba-Bakti. This goal is implemented into the vision, mission, and profile of the institution's graduates. Dzikir becomes the epicenter of the tarekat da'wah method as an effort of Tazkiyat al-Nafs. The research implication shows that the commitment and consistency of the teachings of TQN Suryalaya to form a perfect human (insan kamil) in various spheres of life.Penelitian ini berupaya untuk menganalisis tujuan dan metode dakwah tarekat melalui lembaga pendidikan Islam di Pesantren Suryalaya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggali konsep dasar, tujuan, prinsip, etika dan metode pendidikan berbasis tarekat yang diterapkan di lembaga pendidikan Islam MTs-MA Serba Bakti. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi fenomenologis, reduksi eiditis dan reduksi transcendental. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa konsep dasar, prinsip dan etika dakwah tarekat yang diterapkan di lembaga pendidikan Islam bersumberkan pada ajaran TQN, naskah Tanbih, Untaian Mutiara dan keteladanan dari sosok Abah Anom. Tujuan dakwah tarekat adalah membentuk manusia yang Cageur-Bageur dan Serba Bakti. Tujuan ini dimplementasikan ke dalam visi, misi dan profil lulusan lembaga. Dzikir menjadi episentrum metode dakwah tarekat sebagai upaya Tazkiyat al-Nafs yang pada prakteknya dilakukan untuk mengoreksi tindakan agar tilik pamilih dina nyiar jalan kahadean lahir batin, dunia akhirat, sangkan ngeunah nyawa betah jasad, memperhatikan tindakan dan niat tindakan agar sesuai dengan kebaikan sehingga mencapai kebahagiaan lahir batin, dunia dan akhirat. Implikasi penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komitmen dan konsistensi ajaran TQN Suryalaya dalam upaya membentuk manusia sempurna (insan kamil) dalam berbagai ruang lingkup kehidupan.
The Transformation of the Leadership of the Santi Asromo Majalengka Islamic Boarding School: From Personal Authority to Impersonal
Authors: Syamsuddin Syamsuddin
Published: January 2021

This article aims to analyze the transformation of the kyai's leadership at Pesantren Santi Asromo Majalengka. The research is focused on exploring the leadership system, the factors causing the shift in the style of leadership, and the authority of the kyai in the organizational structure of the pesantren. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach through the descriptive analysis method. The research data were collected through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study concluded that the leadership system of the Santi Asromo pesantren transformed personal to impersonal, from paternalistic to bureaucratic, from a single authority to a collective. The pesantren leadership system is based on a prototype of lifelong leadership and a kinship system. The shift in leadership styles can be categorized into two periods, namely the leadership period of Kyai Abdul Halim and Kyai Abdul Qohar who tend to be charismatic, and the leadership of Kyai Amas Turmudzi who tends to be rational. The authority of the kyai in the organizational structure of the pesantren has changed along with changes in social society, the education system, and the legalization of the role of the family.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis transformasi kepemimpinan kyai di Pesantren Santi Asromo Majalengka. Penelitian difokuskan menggali sistem kepemimpinan, faktor penyebab pergeseran dan otoritas kyai dalam struktur organisasi pesantren. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kaulitatif melalui metode analisis deskriptif. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan sistem kepemimpinan pesantren mengalami transformasi dari yang bersifat personal menjadi impersonal, dari paternalistik menjadi birokratik, dari otoritas tunggal menjadi kolektif. Sistem kepemimpinan pesantren didasarkan pada prototipe kepemimpinan seumur hidup dan sistem kekerabatan. Pergeseran corak kepemimpinan dapat dikategorisasikan ke dalam dua periode, yakni kepemimpinan Kyai Abdul Halim dan Kyai Abdul Qohar yang cenderung kharismatik dan kepemimpinan Kyai Amas Turmudzi yang cenderung rasional. Otoritas kyai dalam struktur organisasi berubah disebabkan perubahan sosial, sistem pendidikan dan legalisasi peranan keluarga.
RESPON IKAN DAN HASIL TANGKAPAN BERDASARKAN PERBEDAAN KOMBINASI WARNA CAHAYA LED SEBAGAI ATRAKTOR
Authors: Baswantara Arif , Firdaus Anas Noor , Astiyani Wahyu Puji , Jaya Indra , Yusfiandayani Yusfiandayani
Published: January 2021

Ketertarikan ikan terhadap cahaya telah lama dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu teknologi dalam penangkapan ikan. Hal tersebut menyebabkan perkembangan pengetahuan tentang hal ini terus dilakukan hingga saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon dan hasil tangkapan ikan terhadap dua kombinasi warna cahaya LED yang berbeda. Kombinasi warna cahaya yang digunakan adalah kombinasi warna biru-merah (BR) dan kombinasi warna putih-merah (WR). Pengambilan data dilakukan pada alat tangkap bagan. Data flux cahaya dan data akustik diambil untuk masing-masing kombinasi. Data bobot hasil tangkapan diambil untuk masing-masing kombinasi warna cahaya. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi cahaya BR sedikit lebih lambat dalam menarik ikan untuk berkumpul, namun ikan di bawah kombinasi cahaya BR dapat bertahan lebih lama dibandingkan ikan di bawah kombinasi cahaya WR. Hasil uji statistik menunjukan bahwa kombinasi cahaya BR memiliki hasil tangkapan yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan kombinasi cahaya WR. Namun, perbedaan antara keduanya tidak signifikan.The attraction of fish toward the light has long been used as technology in fishing gear. This led to the development of knowledge about this subject continues to this day. The aim of this research is to study the fish response and catches toward of two differences LED light color combination. One combination was blue-red light color (BR) and the other was white-red light color (WR). Data was collected on lift nets. Data of luminous flux and acoustic taken for each light combination. Data of catched fish taken for each light combination. The result showed that BR combination slightly slower than WR combination in aggregating fish, however BR combination kept fish staying below it in longer time than WR combination. In addition, the results of statics test showed that BR combination had more catched fish than WR combination, although the different between both not significant.
Opening up space for compassion in nurses’ handover meetings
Authors: Lloyd Harriet , Bartlett Tom , Aldridge-Waddon Michelle , Spilioti Tereza , Ylänne Virpi
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we complement research into compassion in medical contexts with an analysis of the representation of patients in nursing handovers and the ways in which such practitioner–practitioner interaction can be said to demonstrate and evoke feelings of compassion towards patients. We label such representation as ‘Compassion Talk’ and suggest that potentially it can complement the information given as part of the standard format for handovers. The analysis is based on instances of non-scripted talk (NST) from three nursing handover meetings from a highly performing Medical Assessment Unit in the UK. In a data-led qualitative analysis, we find that within NST patients are represented in terms that not only make nurses’ actions to alleviate their suffering seem possible and necessary, but that also highlight their shared humanity and position the patients as if they are members of the nurses’ wider social group. We further demonstrate how NST can be successfully managed by experienced nursing staff and suggest, therefore, that handovers can function not only to pass on information accurately and concisely, but also as a space for nurses to regroup as a community of practice and to relate to their patients in human terms, as a defining principle of the profession.
‘We all have friends like that’
Authors: Roper Lucinda , Sturman Nancy
Published: January 2021

Medical professionals are in an ideal position to mediate between the benefits and harms of internet-sourced medical information, but there is reluctance by patients to discuss with their doctors information found online. This is the first study undertaken in a rural Australian context, where service limitations mean patients’ use of the internet may be especially important. Patients attending general practice clinics (n = 33) were interviewed to discover how they used the internet for health information and how they discussed this with their doctors. Analysis used a constant comparison method, informed by grounded theory and a dramaturgical framework. Most participants used a range of tactics when discussing internet-sourced medical information, including concealment, disguise or upfront apologetic disclosures to avoid undermining the expertise of the doctor. These findings do not confirm predictions made in the past that patients’ acquisition of internet health information would alter the power dynamic of the medical consultation. Potentially, proactive, doctor-initiated inquiry about internet medical information may help to normalise patients’ internet use, allowing open discussion, so doctors can maximise benefits and reduce harms of internet health information. Further study is required to see if this will be an effective strategy and impact health outcomes.
Language barriers in healthcare delivery
Authors: Ansah Mercy Akrofi , Klugah Mercy Adzo
Published: January 2021

The relevance of language for quality healthcare delivery cannot be overemphasised. Within the framework of communication accommodation theory, this paper discusses language barriers in expatriate doctor–patient communication in three state-owned hospitals in Ghana, and the strategies employed by the medical personnel to bridge communication gaps. The study design is qualitative and the data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with 16 expatriate doctors, three nurses and three patients. Furthermore, observation of five patient–doctor interactions was undertaken and notes taken. Both datasets were then analysed using the qualitative conventional content analysis approach. The findings revealed that the expatriate doctors employed convergence strategies such as ad hoc interpreters, gestures, picture charts and electronic dictionaries to deal with language barriers. The study is expected to stimulate further research into innovative ways of dealing with language barriers in expatriate doctor–patient interactions.
Metadiscourse, materiality and morality in communication skills training with simulated patients
Authors: Peters Grace
Published: January 2021

Simulated patients (also known as standardized patients) are commonly employed by institutions of medical education to train medical students and assess their communication skills. This article demonstrates that such patients are not translational devices that enact prima facie standards of communication skills as laid out by the institutions that use them, but rather metadiscursively transform communication practices. This is shown via a case study that closely examines a series of interactions between a simulated patient and a third-year medical student during a practice exam designed for the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 2 Clinical Skills. I use discourse analysis to show how communication skills are transformed in three practices: (1) simulated consultations between standardized patients and medical students; (2) spoken evaluations offered by standardized patients after simulated consultations between standardized patients and medical students; and (3) written evaluations offered by standardized patients in assessment forms. In particular, by attending to how a simulated patient makes the act of draping the patient a relevant communication skill, I explicate the material elements and moral implications of clinical communication. Finally, I consider the instructive role simulated patients play in medical education and how their standards build on and often stand in contrast to communication skills techniques. I conclude by making practical suggestions for communication skills training with simulated patients in medical education.
Guilty by accent?
Authors: Wood Grace
Published: January 2021

Research into urban housing, employment, education and public perception has found evidence of accent discrimination. However, the role of language and discrimination has been under-researched in the legal realm. Cases such as US Hyppolite v. State (2002) reveal how damaging accent discrimination can be. In order to research this further, mock trials were put together and run in the United Kingdom, collecting ‘verdicts’ from individual online participants. Using a matched-guise method, the defendant testified in Standard Southern British English and Yorkshire English. Unlike previous research conducted, this was designed to look like a psychological study into jury decision-making so that participants were not primed for the linguistic components. While language attitudes were present in the results, there was no evidence of accent discrimination when it came to giving a verdict or even levels of recommended punishment, with no significant differences between accent conditions. The conclusion suggests that accent may not always be discriminated against directly; rather, it may be the vehicle used to discriminate against protected traits (e.g. ethnicity, gender, religion, etc.).
How accent and gender influence perceptions of competence and warmth in the medical profession
Authors: Rakić Tamara
Published: January 2021

Previous research has shown that we evaluate social categories differently based on the two fundamental dimensions of competence and warmth. Findings indicate that doctors, men and standard accents are perceived as more competent, while nurses, women and regional accents are perceived as warmer. In a short experiment manipulating gender (man; woman), occupation (doctor; nurse) and accent (Standard British English; regional accent), participants rated the targets on perceived competence, warmth and status. The main results showed that doctors were rated as more competent providing they spoke using Standard British English, and warmer, as long as they spoke with a regional accent. This poses a potential problem, as doctors need to be perceived as competent in their diagnoses and treatment decisions, but also warm in their communication of important and sensitive information. The implications of these findings are discussed in order to highlight the importance of using multiple social categories to represent the complexity of everyday interactions.
Discrimination in social spaces
Authors: Breckner Ingrid
Published: January 2021

The article is conceptualized as a methodological comment to the contributions in the special issue from an urban sociologists point of view.
Personality traits, adjectives and gender
Authors: Motschenbacher Heiko , Roivainen Eka
Published: January 2021

There have been linguistic studies on the gendering mechanisms of adjectives and psychological studies on the relationship between personality traits and gender, but the two fields have never entered into a dialogue on these issues. This article seeks to address this gap by presenting an interdisciplinary study that explores the gendering mechanisms associated with personality traits and personality trait-denoting adjectives. The findings of earlier work in this area and basic gendering mechanisms relevant to adjectives and personality traits are outlined. This is followed by a linguistic and a psychological analysis of the usage patterns of a set of personality trait adjectives. The linguistic section draws on corpus linguistics to explore the distribution of these adjectives with female, male and gender-neutral personal nouns in the Corpus of Contemporary American English. The psychological analysis relates the usage frequencies of personality trait adjectives with the nouns man, woman and person in the Google Books corpus to desirability ratings of the adjectives.
Investigating Usage Potential of Datura stramonium L. for Phytoremediation of 2,4-Dichlorophenol
Authors: CEYLAN Zeynep , MOHARRAMZADEH Mohammad , ATICI Ökkeş
Published: January 2021

In this work, the phytoremediation potential of 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from soil and wetlands by Datura stramonium L. (jimsonweed) was investigated. The medium of seedlings growing in a hydroponic system was adjusted to different concentrations (0.0, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250 and 275 ppm) of 2,4-DCP. Four days later, the remediation rate of 2,4-DCP in the growth medium, and root-stem length, root-stem dry weight, lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein and photosynthetic pigment content of seedlings were evaluated. D. stramonium seedlings provided remediation of 2,4-DCP between 52-78% at all concentrations. In addition, the 2,4-DCP treatments inhibited the root-stem lengths and dry weights of seedlings compared to their controls, particularly at high doses such as 200-275 ppm, but not at low doses. The applications generally increased protein and LPO content of roots and leaves slightly, but did not affect chlorophyll. The results show that D. stramonium has a high usage potential for phytoremediation of 2,4-DCP.
STRUCTURAL BASES OF GASTROINTESTINAL MOTILITY CHANGES IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE: STUDY IN RATS
Authors: ALBUQUERQUE José Cirlanio Sousa , MENDES Tiago Santos , BRANDÃO Maria Girlane Sousa Albuquerque , FROTA Annyta Fernandes , REIS Thomas Dominik de Souza dos , AGUIAR Lissiana Magna Vasconcelos , GRAÇA José Ronaldo Vasconcelos da
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Background: Gastrointestinal disorders are frequently reported in patients with Parkinson’s disease whose disorders reduce the absorption of nutrients and drugs, worsening the clinical condition of patients. However, the mechanisms involved in modifying gastrointestinal pathophysiology have not yet been fully explained. Aim: To evaluate its effects on gastrointestinal motility and the involvement of the vagal and splanchnic pathways. Methods: Male Wistar rats (250-300 g, n = 84) were used and divided into two groups. Group I (6-OHDA) received an intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (21 µg/animal). Group II (control) received a saline solution (NaCl, 0.9%) under the same conditions. The study of gastric emptying, intestinal transit, gastric compliance and operations (vagotomy and splanchnotomy) were performed 14 days after inducing neurodegeneration. Test meal (phenol red 5% glucose) was used to assess the rate of gastric emptying and intestinal transit. Results: Parkinson’s disease delayed gastric emptying and intestinal transit at all time periods studied; however, changes in gastric compliance were not observed. The delay in gastric emptying was reversed by pretreatment with vagotomy and splanchnotomy+celiac gangliectomy, thus suggesting the involvement of such pathways in the observed motor disorders. Conclusion: Parkinson’s disease compromises gastric emptying, as well as intestinal transit, but does not alter gastric compliance. The delay in gastric emptying was reversed by truncal vagotomy, splanchnotomy and celiac ganglionectomy, suggesting the involvement of such pathways in delaying gastric emptying.
The effect of androgen on wool follicles and keratin production in Hetian sheep
Authors: Wang H. Y. , Li S. W. , Wu T. H. , Wu Z. H. , Guo J. X.
Published: January 2021

Abstract To investigate the optimal androgen concentration for culturing Hetian sheep wool follicle and to detect effects of androgen concentration on wool follicle cell proliferation and apoptosis using immunofluorescence labeling and real-time quantitative fluorescence determinations of wool keratin-associated protein gene expression levels. Wool follicles were isolated by microdissection and wool follicles and skin pieces were cultured in various concentrations of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in culture medium. Next, daily lengthwise growth measurements of wool follicles were obtained using a microscopic micrometer. Cultured Hetian wool follicles were stained using the SACPIC method to reveal wool follicle structure, while sheep skin slices were used to observe cell proliferation by immunostaining and cell apoptosis using the TUNEL method. At the molecular biological level, keratin-associated protein (Kap) gene expression was studied using wool follicles cultured for various numbers of days in vitro. Effects of androgen concentrations on Hetian wool follicle growth and development were experimentally studied. EdU proliferation assays revealed that androgen promoted cell proliferation within wool follicle dermal papillae. TUNEL apoptosis detection demonstrated that androgen treatment could delay cell apoptosis. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results demonstrated that gene expression level patterns of Hetian mountain sheep super-high sulfur protein. Kap1.1, KIF1.2, Kap2.12 and Kap4.2 gene expression level of the mountainous experimental group was significantly higher than plains Hetian sheep. An androgen concentration of 100 nM can promote the growth of Hetian wool follicle cells in vitro, resulting in overexpression of some genes of the Kap family.
Prospect of microbial food borne diseases in Pakistan: a review
Authors: Ishaq A. R. , Manzoor M. , Hussain A. , Altaf J. , Rehman S. ur , Javed Z. , Afzal I. , Noor A. , Noor F.
Published: January 2021

Abstract Nowadays food borne illness is most common in people due to their epidemic nature. These diseases affect the human digestive system through bacteria, viruses and parasites. The agents of illness are transmitted in our body through various types of food items, water and uncooked. Pathogens show drastic changes in immunosuppressant people. This review gives general insights to harmful microbial life. Pakistan is a developed country and because of its improper food management, a lot of gastrointestinal problems are noted in many patients. Bacteria are most common agents to spread diarrhoea, villi infection, constipation and dysenteric disease in human and induce the rejection of organ transplant. Enhancement of their lifestyle, properly cooked food should be used and to overcome the outbreak of the diseases.
Use of cassava wastewater in Capsicum chinense production
Authors: Costa Andrezza Grasielly , Cova Alide Mitsue Watanabe , Souza Luciano da Silva , Xavier Francisco Alisson da Silva , Correia Marcos Roberto Santos , Gonçalves Daniel Ribeiro , Almeida Willian Fernandes de
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT The use of resources derived from the agricultural property itself to meet the needs of producers promotes the reduction of costs with commercial inputs and recycling of by-products, among them the liquid waste from the cassava flour production, called cassava wastewater, which can be an important fertilization source. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and production of Capsicum chinense Jacq., as a function of cassava wastewater doses associated with mineral fertilizer proportions. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, with treatments distributed in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme, corresponding to 3 doses (0, 50 and 100 %) of the mineral fertilization recommended for the crop and 5 doses (0, 25, 50, 100 and 150 m³ ha-1) of cassava wastewater, with 4 replicates. The cassava wastewater doses influenced the crop yield, showing a linear trend. The dose of 150 m3 ha-1 promoted a yield equivalent to that obtained with the application of 100 % of the mineral fertilization recommended for this crop, thus enabling the partial or total replacement of this fertilization by cassava wastewater.
INFÂNCIA E MÍDIAS DIGITAIS: HISTÓRIAS DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES SOBRE SEUS COTIDIANOS
Authors: Tocantins Geusiane Miranda de Oliveira , Wiggers Ingrid Dittrich
Published: January 2021

RESUMO O artigo objetiva analisar apropriações de Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC), com foco em mídias e tecnologias digitais, por crianças e adolescentes. Os dados foram constituídos por narrativas gráficas, em forma de histórias em quadrinhos produzidas pelos sujeitos, bem como por narrativas orais, em entrevistas episódicas. Participaram 21 estudantes da Escola Parque Anísio Teixeira. Os resultados indicam apropriações em convergência para uso individualizado das TIC, em crescente ocupação dos tempos e espaços do cotidiano. Sobretudo, crianças e adolescentes se distinguem, entre si, em suas apropriações.
AN APPROACH TO POSITIONAL QUALITY CONTROL METHODS FOR AIRBORNE INSAR HIGH-RESOLUTION X-BAND ORTHOIMAGES AND P-BAND DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL
Authors: Silva Gleice Pereira da , Coutinho Roberto Quental , Rosa Rafael Antonio da Silva
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The positional validation of datasets is an important step for cartography studies since it allows learning about its accuracy, and also indicates the data process quality. However, the positional validation of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) datasets have some additional challenges when compared to optical images due to the geometric distortions. We employ existing targets such as traffic signs and lampposts in the scene and identify them on the image as control points. We performed the validation of the geographic coordinates used as planialtimetric positional control points, using both the amplitude backscattering orthoimage and the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) generated from the InSAR system. We employed the NMAS, ASPRS and NSSDA tests along with information by the Brazilian Standards. This validation showed these control points presented the following results for 1:10,000 scale: NMAS test - class “A” in PEC and PEC-PCD; ASPRS test - RMSE x = 1.317m, RMSE y = 1.231m and RMSE z = 1.145m; and NSSDA test - RMSE r = 1,802m, Precision r = 3.118m and Precision z = 2.244m. These results prove we can use the proposed targets as control points and the used InSAR datasets meet the expected quality for generation of geotechnic products for 1:10,000 scale.
BRISAS CRUZADAS: COMPARACIÓN DE REPRESENTACIONES POPULARES DEL VIENTO EN COLOMBIA Y FRANCIA
Authors: Munevar-Salazar Alejandro , Bernal Chávez Julio Alexander
Published: January 2021

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un análisis comparativo de las representaciones del viento en los atlas lingüísticos y etnográficos de Colombia (ALEC) y de Francia (NALF). El trabajo se enmarca en los estudios sobre las concepciones culturales del clima, con el objetivo de identificar puntos de resonancias y/o disonancias en clave de la información etnográfica, para comprender representaciones populares y concepciones del viento, en comunidades campesinas de Francia y Colombia entre los años 1950 y 1970. Al respecto, se comparan los contenidos de 69 mapas del Nouvel Atlas Linguistique de la France par Régions (NALF) y de 17 mapas del Atlas Lingüístico-Etnográfico de Colombia (ALEC), además del contenido del archivo sonoro del ALEC transcrito por el Instituto Caro y Cuervo hasta el 2019. La información comparada de tipo lingüístico (variantes lingüísticas) y de tipo etnográfico (dichos, cantos, narraciones y relatos), señala como resultado algunas similitudes en las maneras de concebir el viento y de organizar las actividades de la vida cotidiana campesina en ambos países. El viento se considera como un deíctico temporal, espacial y cultural que otorga sentido al mundo social campesino y su entorno natural.
One-pot green synthesis of Ag@AgCl nanoparticles with excellent photocatalytic performance
Authors: Guo Xiaoyan , Mahmud Sakil , Zhang Xiaomin , Yu Ningya , Faridul Hasan K M
Published: January 2021

Ag@AgCl composites are effective photocatalysts used for degrading organic pollutants, but the limitations of their large-scale production hinder them from having a broad scope of applications. In this study, Ag@AgCl nanoparticles (NPs) with efficient photocatalytic performance were synthesized using a simple and straightforward strategy. Excess chloride (Cl−) ions were added into a silver nitrate (AgNO3)/N,N-dimethylacetamide solution to form [AgCl2]−. The solution of [AgCl2]− was slowly dropped into a 0.5 wt. % polyvinylpyrrolidone solution to obtain silver chloride (AgCl). Neutral silver ions (silver (0) (Ag0)) were produced by the partial decomposition of silver chloride and formed Ag@AgCl under irradiation with visible light. The experimental analysis showed that Ag@AgCl NPs had strong absorption within the range of visible light. They exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity with recyclability for the degradation of methyl orange dyes under visible-light irradiation. The photocatalyst prepared in this study can have practical application in wastewater treatment through the significant degradation of organic pollutants.
MAGIC POWER OF WORDS IN RHETORIC AND THEIR LEXICAL AND SEMANTIC FEATURES
Authors:   Osh State University, Muratalieva Urkuya
Published: January 2021

Тhe article analyzes the magical power of words used in rhetoric, and their lexical and semantic features.It was emphasized that the meaning of the magical power of the word is embodied in life, and not in the sum of the lexical meanings of the components of rhetorical expressions. The idea of these statements is devoted to issues that have an educational orientation, but in fact is full of semantics of bad intentions, such as mutilation, death, destruction. It is not a rhetorical device that has rhetoric, but the fact that after a certain time it passes into real reality, revealing the meaning of such Proverbs as "spoken word, shooter", which still do not lose their meaning in the Kyrgyz people. We are talking about the fact that for a long time is widely used in the oral national oral folk art, as an artistic method, and is also used as a genre painting with a special content, form, identity.
O Programa Bolsa Família Estimula a Permanência dos Trabalhadores Brasileiros de Baixa Renda no Mercado Informal?
Authors: Alvim Augusto Mussi , Godward Carlos
Published: January 2021

Os Programas de Transferência de Renda Condicionada (PTRCs) mostraram-se eficientes na redução da pobreza e da desigualdade, na melhoria dos índices de escolaridade e de saúde e na inclusão social de uma parcela significativa na sociedade. Todavia, um dos aspectos ainda pouco estudados a respeito dos PTRCs é o potencial destes programas de estimular a permanência dos trabalhadores brasileiros de baixa renda no mercado informal, com o propósito de se manterem “invisíveis” aos gestores do programa e, assim, receberem os benefícios. Para analisar este comportamento no mercado laboral em seis capitais brasileiras foi utilizado um VEC (Vetor de Correção de Erros). Os resultados do estudo mostram que existe uma relação positiva e causal entre o número de beneficiários do bolsa família e o número de pessoas no mercado laboral. Embora estas variáveis tenham uma relação causal positiva e persistente no tempo, os efeitos do Programa Bolsa Família sobre o mercado informal se mostraram pequenos no período analisado.
Desenvolvimento regional e complementaridade entre as regiões: Uma análise da matriz de comércio interestadual brasileira nos anos de 2008 e 2011
Authors: Lourenço André Luis Cabral de , Santos Joelson Oliveira
Published: January 2021

A despeito da constatação de que o desenvolvimento é um processo irregular e que potencializa áreas e/ou regiões mais dinâmicas, alguns teóricos do chamado desenvolvimento desequilibrado chamam atenção para a questão da complementaridade entre as regiões ao apontarem que, quanto maiores os encadeamentos de uma estrutura produtiva e, consequentemente, maior a complementaridade entre atividades e regiões, maior tende a ser o nível de desenvolvimento das mesmas. Partindo dessa perspectiva e da hipótese de que uma maior integração comercial entre os estados relaciona-se positivamente com maiores níveis de renda, o presente trabalho objetiva analisar os fluxos de comércio interestaduais para o país, mediante a observação das relações comerciais inerentes ao próprio estado, bem como as relações concernentes aos demais nos anos de 2008 e 2011. As informações para construção das análises provêm das matrizes insumo-produto (MIPs) interestaduais de Guilhoto et al. (2010) e Haddad, Gonçalves Júnior e Nascimento (2018), que consistem, respectivamente, na estimação das matrizes de insumo-produto para os vinte e seis estados brasileiros e o Distrito Federal nos anos de 2008 e 2011. A partir da análise empreendida verifica-se que a estrutura de concentração regional do comércio interestadual brasileiro não se modificou significativamente desde 1985. Tais resultados evidenciam o papel concentrador dos fluxos de comércio, polarizados por São Paulo, que exerce forte influência sobre a estrutura espacial e econômica brasileira. Portanto, dada observação do caráter ainda concentrador dos fluxos de comércio, se faz necessária a atuação de políticas públicas que contribuam para a melhoria da integração do mercado nacional.
Direito & Cooperativismo: discutindo a realidade brasileira
Authors: Botti Capellari Marta , Cataneo Drei Géssica Taís
Published: January 2021

A sociedade humana é marcada pela cooperação. A partir da evolução de suas necessidades, o ser humano incorporou esta atividade como meio de subsistência, a fim de obter proveitos de forma comunitária e plural. A transformação desse processo para o que conhecemos hoje como cooperativismo, um movimento que tem em sua raiz princípios democráticos e o objetivo de desenvolvimento mútuo, ocorreu de forma gradual. De origem europeia, a onda cooperativista espalhou-se para o restante do globo, chegando ao Brasil entre os anos 1960 e 1970. A partir do marco legal do cooperativismo em nosso país houveram inúmeras adaptações. O percurso histórico, portanto, é de extrema importância para compreender os deslindes do movimento, sua representatividade e forma de organização jurídica e social. O presente artigo se destina a expor o percurso do cooperativismo no ordenamento jurídico brasieiro, tendo em vista que há uma necessidade de uma abordagem multidisciplinar entre ambos. A hipótese principal é de que o cooperativismo é um grande propulsor do desenvolvimento no Sudoeste do Paraná. Através de uma pesquisa exploratória, realizada em conjunto com a coleta de informações através de entrevista informal (não-estruturada) com o Assessor da UNICAFES (União das Cooperativas da Agricultura Familiar e Economia Solidária) Alcidir Mazzutti Zanco, foi possível realizar uma coleta de informaçãos, a fim de trazer à tona as urgências do cooperativismo no Brasil. Frente à pluralidade característica desse movimento, restou evidenciada a carência de mudanças, a iniciar na esfera legislativa. Para que, seja concretizada a tarefa estatal de apoiar o desenvolvimento da atividade cooperativa em todas as esferas: técnica, financeira e operacional.
Uma proposta metodológica para estudo de segregação residencial como fenômeno relacional
Authors: Matias Ítalo , Aquino Carla Nogueira Patrão de , Pereira Luiz , Silva Fabio Freitas  da
Published: January 2021

O artigo tem como proposta analisar a segregação residencial da área urbana do 1º distrito de Campos dos Goytacazes, município localizado na Região Norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro, considerando-se as áreas dos subdistritos como unidades de análise. Para o estudo, adotou-se uma metodologia de análise da segregação associando índices não espaciais (índices de dissimilaridade e de isolamento) com a estatística espacial a partir da construção do mapa de calor, funcionalidade disponível no software de Geoprocessamento Quantum GIS. Utilizou-se, como variável, o domicílio particular permanente, segundo as classes de rendimento nominal mensal domiciliar per capita. A partir dos resultados obtidos, ficou evidenciado que o 3º subdistrito apresenta a área mais segregada, onde estão mais concentrados os grupos de menor renda, enquanto o grupo de maior renda concentra-se no 1º e no 2º subdistritos.
Atividade leiteira no Paraná: uma análise espacial e econométrica
Authors: Alves Lucir Reinaldo , Ostapechen Leandra Aparecida Perego , Porcé Matheus , Parré José Luiz
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo buscou verificar a configuração espacial da produção de leite nos municípios do Paraná. Foi realizada uma Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais – AEDE, que possibilitou identificar a existência de clusters espaciais nas mesorregiões Oeste, Sudoeste, Centro Oriental e Norte Pioneiro. Isso mostra que municípios que possuem alto valor do Valor Bruto de Produção (VBP) do leite (reais/Km2) no Paraná são rodeados por municípios de similar alto valor do VBP do leite (reais/Km2), assim como municípios com baixos valores para a variável. Utilizando os dados preliminares do Censo Agropecuário 2017, da RAIS e do IPARDES estimou-se um modelo econométrico, do tipo Durbin Espacial (SDM), que inclui a defasagem espacial no valor bruto de produção e nas variáveis independentes, a fim de identificar quais, dentre fatores econômicos e técnicos, são os determinantes do valor bruto de produção de leite. Como principais resultados observou-se que a orientação técnica, produtividade, pastagem, ocupações técnico-científicas e energia elétrica são alguns dos fatores que estão associados ao valor bruto de produção do leite.
Influência da crise financeira de 2008: uma análise sobre a tecnologia da informação dos maiores bancos do consolidado financeiro brasileiro (2001-2016)
Authors: Montenegro Rosa Livia Gonçalves , Da Silva Mariana Carolina , Espiridião Fernanda , Ferreira Douglas Marcos
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem por intuito analisar os efeitos da tecnologia de informação (TICs) sobre a funcionalidade no sistema financeiro brasileiro baseando-se na abordagem Pós-Keynesiana e Neo-Schumpeteriana. A partir da abordagem Pós Keynesiana, buscou-se identificar as contribuições das TICs nos fatores de produção no sistema bancário, como a seleção de variáveis estratégicas dos bancos brasileiros no período de recessão. Por intermédio da metodologia de análise de dados em painel , durante os anos de 2001 a 2016, obteve-se resultados que captaram os efeitos e a repercussão da crise de 2008 sob o sistema bancário brasileiro. A partir dos principais resultados da estimação observou-se que o valor da sensibilidade das inovações financeiras foi superior ao fator de produção trabalho e, durante o período, a criação de inovações financeiras representou maior relevância quanto aos aspectos da redução de custos pelas instituições financeiras brasileiras sob análise.
Análise da Utilização do Cartão BNDES nas Regiões Brasileiras no Período 2004-2014
Authors: De Vieira Sá Mauro Thury , Fiori Diogo Del , Andrade da Costa Petrick Kristofer
Published: January 2021

O trabalho objetiva analisar aspectos da destinação dos valores contratados do cartão BNDES. Intenta-se verificar o viés setorial das operações contratadas via cartão BNDES por unidade da Federação (UF), bem como analisar a distribuição desses recursos nas UFs comparativamente à da população e de outras variáveis econômicas. Aplicando-se o quociente locacional (QL), para o ano de 2004, os estados com o maior número de setores (cinco ou mais) com QL>1 na região sudeste foram São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro Minas Gerais. No Sul, o Rio Grande do Sul, no Nordeste a Bahia. No Centro Oeste, o Distrito Federal e o Mato Grosso. Para o ano de 2014, no sudeste o estado de São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais e o Espírito Santo. No Sul, Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina. No Nordeste, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco e o Rio Grande do Norte. No Centro Oeste, o Distrito Federal, Goiás, Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul. Para o Norte, Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará e Tocantins. Verificou-se, por intermédio da Curva de Lorenz, uma alteração do quadro de utilização do cartão, que em 2004 se concentrava nas regiões Sul e Sudeste, que juntamente com o Centro-Oeste, apresentaram especialização em setores, no qual todas as unidades federativas dessas regiões também apresentaram. Em 2014, todas as regiões apresentam especialização de determinada atividade em todas as suas unidades federativas, além da diminuição da representatividade do Sudeste na utilização do cartão, com o Nordeste ganhando uma fatia maior no valor total das operações.