bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Triathlon jako forma konsumpcji sportowej – motywacje do udziału
Authors: Malchrowicz-Mośko Ewa , Młodzik Maciej , Banio Adrianna , Omorczyk Adam
Published: April 2019

W artykule zaprezentowano triathlon jako nowoczesną formę konsumpcji sportowej. W części teoretycznej opisano znaczenie imprez triathlonowych dla rozwoju turystyki oraz promocji zdrowia i aktywności fizycznej. W części empirycznej przedstawiono wyniki badań przeprowadzonych podczas imprezy Triathlon Środa Wielkopolska 2018. Ustalono profil społeczno-demograficzny uczestnika imprezy (N = 109) oraz jego motywację do wzięcia w niej udziału. Informacje zawarte w artykule mogą mieć duże znaczenie dla osób zaangażowanych w rozwój sportu i turystyki w małych miejscowościach w Polsce.
Możliwości wykorzystania serwisu Tripadvisor jako źródła danych na etapie ich gromadzenia w planowaniu rozwoju turystyki w skali lokalnej
Authors: Minkwitz Aleksandra
Published: April 2019

Artykuł stanowi próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy serwisy społecznościowe mogą być efektywnym źródłem danych, przydatnych w kontekście planowania turystyki w skali lokalnej. W pierwszej części artykułu opisano, jaką rolę pełnią media społecznościowe w przemyśle turystycznym, zawarto syntetyczne omówienie najczęściej pojawiających się tematów badań związanych z wykorzystaniem MS w turystyce, a także scharakteryzowano serwis społecznościowy TripAdvisor, będący przedmiotem badania. W drugiej części przedstawiono wyniki przeprowadzonego z wykorzystaniem serwisu badania, którym objęto odpowiednio po 30 najpopularniejszych hoteli, restauracji oraz atrakcji turystycznych w Poznaniu. Rezultaty badania przedstawiono za pomocą pięciu map wynikowych. Rezultaty opatrzone są komentarzem na temat zagrożeń, z którymi związana jest analiza danych tego typu, a także możliwych przyszłych kierunków badań.
Obiekty turystyki kulturowej w kontekście zwiększonego ryzyka terrorystycznego: młodzi turyści z Litwy wobec środków bezpieczeństwa
Authors: Žuromskaitė Brigita , Nagaj Rafał
Published: April 2019

Ataki terrorystyczne w popularnych destynacjach turystycznych spowodowały pojawienie się istotnego dylematu, jakim jest znalezienie sposobów ochrony turystów i zapewnienie im odpowiedniej jakości odpoczynku. W artykule została przeprowadzona analiza ważności „miękkich” i „twardych” środków bezpieczeństwa, stosowanych w obiektach turystyki kulturowej, na podstawie przeprowadzonych wśród młodych turystów z Litwy badań ankietowych. Ich wyniki pokazały, że młodzi turyści znają środki bezpieczeństwa, stosowane w miejscach zagrożenia terroryzmem, chcą jednak podróżować bez ograniczeń, w poczuciu wolności, ale także z pewnością, że podróżują bezpiecznie.
Waloryzacja najpopularniejszych portali rezerwacyjnych z punktu widzenia użyteczności konsumenckiej i naukowej
Authors: Janiak Małgorzata , Kozłowska-Adamczak Monika
Published: April 2019

Przemysł hotelarski zalicza się do fundamentalnych usług związanych z obsługą ruchu turystycznego. Biorąc pod uwagę dynamiczny rozwój Internetu i wzrastającą liczbę jego użytkowników, naturalne jest prezentowanie i sprzedaż oferty (m.in. przez hotelarzy) za pośrednictwem tego właśnie medium. Współcześnie szczególne znaczenie w hotelarstwie ma szerokie zastosowanie globalnych i międzynarodowych portali rezerwacyjnych, stanowiących nowoczesny kanał dystrybucji usług i produktów turystycznych na cały świat. Celem autorek artykułu jest próba oceny użyteczności i funkcjonalności czterech najbardziej znanych na polskim rynku hotelowych portali rezerwacyjnych (booking.com, hrs.com, hotels.com i hotel.info) z punktu widzenia konsumenta (turysty), a następnie określenie przydatności tego źródła danych do badań naukowych przy wykorzystaniu metody waloryzacji danych dotyczących hoteli zlokalizowanych w pięciu polskich metropoliach (Warszawie, Krakowie, Łodzi, Wrocławiu i Poznaniu).
Controversies over the moral justification for patent protection in biotechnology
Authors: Karbowski Adam
Published: April 2019

This paper discusses the controversies over the moral justification for patent protection in biotechnology. Special emphasis has been put on the controversy over the moral justification for patent protection of stem cells. By referring to arguments for (1) human dignity and (2) patentability criteria, the moral justifiability of patent protection of stem cells is in serious doubt. A whole section of the paper is devoted to the moral issues linked to patent protection in biotechnology and their political and economic significance. An attempt is made to solve some of the discussed problems, i.e., the introduction of decision criteria based on the system of values shared by the members of a given society.
Controversial advertising of medicines. A comparison between Poland and the United States
Authors: Makowska Marta
Published: April 2019

For many years, the subject of aggressive marketing campaigns conducted by pharmaceutical companies has been raised in Poland. Drug ads are everywhere, on television, the radio, magazines and on the Internet. Therefore, it is extremely important is to ensure both their legal and ethical dimension. This article will present the differences between direct-to-consumer advertising of medicines in Poland and in the US. The dissimilarities result mainly from differences in legislation. In Poland, the law is much stricter than in the US. For example, in the United States companies are allowed to advertise prescription drugs directly to patients. In the whole of the European Union, and thus in Poland, it is strictly prohibited. The article will also present other regulations existing in Poland and in the United States and it will compare them. It will offer examples of violations of the law and ethics in the advertising of medicine in both countries. Lastly, it will briefly outline the negative consequences of unacceptable pharmaceutical marketing.
Mobbing as an example of unethical behaviours at work
Authors: Nerka Arleta
Published: April 2019

Currently, in the workplaces, the issues of behaviours classified as unethical or a violation of an employee’s dignity and personal rights are on the rise. Mobbing is one of the manifestations of such behaviours, described in the provisions of the Labour Code. The phenomenon of mobbing refers to the quality of interpersonal relationships at work and affects the operation of the entire organizational structure. This is a severe example of the violation of personal rights because such harassment is no less than a psychological terror affected by one or more persons against (typically) a single individual. The aim of this study is an analysis of mobbing, especially as regards the employer’s obligation to oppose mobbing practices. Ethical behaviour towards staff is not only a condition for observing the principles of community life in the work environment but it is the building block for creating a positive image of the employer in the business community. Mobbing behaviour impacts an organization’ image and poses several financial costs.
The role of ethics in the educational process implemented in the university space
Authors: Kapias Michał , Polok Grzegorz
Published: April 2019

Global changes around the world have demanded various transformations, including in the area of higher education. The aim of academic education is no longer to prepare people to work in particular occupations, but to create the appropriate abilities which are useful in the labor market. This kind of education must embody a multi-aspect character, because it prepares people for life-long learning. Therefore, when creating a “learning society”, one should make an effort to think of axiological dimension of scientific-technical advance. One ought to take into account the human elements of education, especially ethical issues. Practice shows that human relationships bereft of a transcendent and ethical dimension, and which focus only on financial, economic goods, on profit, the market and competition, do not bring anyone happiness. Hence there is an enormous demand in the academic community for ethical reflection, thanks to which, man is not only improved in the anthropological dimension, but also in the socio-economic aspect.
Higher education as a stage in competence development
Authors: Jarecki Wojciech
Published: April 2019

Higher education should enable students to raise their qualifications, and particularly acquire new knowledge, develop their interests, or learn to think critically. As for economics students, tertiary education should provide them with an opportunity to find and follow their career path. Having this in mind, the author of the present paper discusses factors contributing to economics students’ involvement in raising their qualifications. The main aim is to state why they have become less involved in doing so and particularly in acquiring new knowledge.
Philosophical difficulties of stakeholder theory
Authors: Soin Maciej
Published: April 2019

Philosophical difficulties of stakeholder theory—which plays an important role in CSR and business ethics—are mainly connected to the questions of its status and justification. What sense does stakeholder theory have: descriptive, instrumental or normative? And if normative, why then should executives worry about multiple stakeholder demands? It is well known that Freeman, one of the most important authors of stakeholder theory, deliberately disregarded these problems. In philosophical questions, he invoked Rorty’s pragmatism that in his opinion effectively undermined the “positivistic” dichotomy between facts and values, science and ethics, and enabled stakeholder theory to be understood as both descriptive and normative. The article presents some difficulties connected with this view, focusing on its dubious assumptions and unfavourable consequences. These assumptions contain a false dilemma, taken from Rorty, which states that knowledge follows either a rule of representation or a rule of solidarity. One of the unfavourable consequences is the conclusion that stakeholder theory may be true only if its followers are able to force the stakeholders to accept its truthfulness. The main thesis of the article says that, because of pragmatic justification, stakeholder theory became a sort of arbitrary narration, which is unable to deal with its (empirical) misuses. However, a more traditional view on facts and values enables us to appreciate the descriptive advantages of the theory and to identify difficulties connected with its normative layer. From this point of view, the attempt at a pragmatic interpretation of stakeholder theory was a misunderstanding that should be withdrawn from circulation.
Assessment of investment attractiveness in shares of socially responsible companies based on the RESPECT index in 2009–2017
Authors: Gołaszewska-Kaczan Urszula , Marcinkiewicz Jacek , Kilon Jarosław
Published: April 2019

Both in theory and practice, it is emphasised that engaging in CSR actions brings many benefits to companies. One of the commonly listed advantages is more trust from investors, which enables the achievement of superior returns from securities issued by socially responsible firms. The paper endeavours to investigate whether this benefit can be also noticed among businesses in the Polish index of socially responsible companies RESPECT. The study involves firms included in the RESPECT index from its inception (November 2011) to the end of 2017. The authors compared the RESPECT index with selected Polish market indices between 2009 and 2017. Empirical studies, based on an analysis of returns, risk, dividend yields, and shareholder structure, facilitated the assessment of the attractiveness of investments in the shares of socially responsible businesses against the background of other firms quoted on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.
Geoportal de suelos de Costa Rica como Bien Público al servicio del país
Authors: Mata-Chinchilla Rafael , Castro-Chinchilla Jonathan
Published: April 2019

Poco más de 364.000 datos sobre características físicas, químicas y taxonómicas de suelos, de 1565 puntos de muestreos georreferenciados se encuentran ahora accesibles mediante la plataforma virtual “Geoportal de Suelos de Costa Rica”, en la dirección web www.suelos.cr.

Este es un esfuerzo liderado por el Centro de Investigaciones Agronómicas de la Universidad de Costa Rica, junto a el Instituto Nacional de Innovación y Transferencia en Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), la Asociación Costarricense de la Ciencia del Suelo (ACCS) y el Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura (IICA).

Si bien la cartografía digital de suelos se empezó en Costa Rica en la década de 1990, sucesivos avances tecnológicos y actualizaciones en la taxonomía edáfica han obligado a abordar de manera innovadora la organización de vastísima información disponible, pero dispersa.

El trabajo desarrollado ha requerido el diseño, gestión y aseguramiento de la calidad de dos productos principales, una base de datos homogénea y la representación geoespacial mediante Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). Productos intermedios del proceso se han materializado como Protocolos para la Gestión de Información en la Base de Datos, una sistematización metodológica del proceso, así como soportes digitales y materiales multimedia (videos) para la utilización de los productos digitales.

Los próximos pasos para la plataforma Geoportal de Suelos de Costa Rica incluyen su difusión y el monitoreo del aprovechamiento por los usuarios, el incremento de la densidad y oferta de datos manteniendo su acceso libre y la posibilidad de exportar el modelo de gestión a otros países del hemisferio.
Desenvolvimento radicular e folhar do milho (zea mays) sob diferentes tipos de subsolagem
Authors: Conte Paulo Henrique , Peres da Rosa David , Alves Allison , Zancan Artur , Verardi Junior
Published: April 2019

Os fatores fisiológicos que determinam a produtividade de uma cultura são influenciados pela compactação do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar através da técnica de agricultura de precisão (AP) o efeito de dois tipos de subsolador no desenvolvimento do milho e na resistência de um Nitossolo Vermelho à penetração. O experimento foi realizado em 3 talhões de 0,5 ha cada, tendo como tratamentos: cultivo mínimo com subsolador dotado de disco de corte e rolo destorroador (CMd), cultivo mínimo com subsolador convencional (CMc) e sistema plantio direto (SPD) como testemunha. Foram mensurados a resistência mecânica média do solo à penetração (RP) de 0,0-0,30 m, altura de planta, massa seca e produtividade do milho, estes através de uma malha amostral de 6 pontos por talhão. A RP media variou de 0,51-2,01 MPa no CMc, contra 1,26-1,76 MPa do CMd, já o SPD oscilou de 1,01-1,76 MPa. A altura de plantas foi melhor nos cultivo mínimo, sendo que no CMd variou de 1,87-2,09 m, contra de 1,65-2,09m no CMc, e 1,76-1,98m, demonstrado melhores condições para o CMd. A massa seca de raiz foi menor no SPD, 30-60g planta-1, CMd houve aumento no limite inferior, demonstrando variação de 40-60g planta-1, e aumento no CMc, de 30-70 g plantas-1. A produtividade do milho foi maior no CMd, seguido do CMc e SPD, sendo variação de 10,2 a 17,7 Mg ha-1, a 8,70-17,70 Mg ha-1, e 8,7 a11,7 Mg ha-1 respectivamente, demonstrando que o subsolador com disco gera melhores condições para o desenvolvimento do milho.
Modelo Hidráulico para Redes de Canales con Estructuras Hidráulicas
Authors: Collazo Félix Santiago , Araya Walter Silva
Published: April 2019

Muchos sistemas de irrigación contienen sistemas de canales complejos que incluyen estructuras de control. La regulación y control de la distribución de agua para regar los cultivos es necesaria para una agricultura sostenible. El diseño y análisis de estructuras hidráulicas es esencial para la conservación y el uso eficiente del agua dentro del sistema. Este artículo presenta las capacidades de un modelo hidráulico para resolver redes de canales con estructuras hidráulicas. El algoritmo utiliza el Método de Solución Simultanea (MSS) para resolver las ecuaciones de continuidad y energía en varios tramos del canal. Los resultados obtenidos incluyen profundidades del agua, distribución de flujos y dimensionamiento de estructuras hidráulicas. Se presentan dos aplicaciones: la modelación de un tramo del Distrito de Riego del Valle de Lajas (DRVL) de Puerto Rico y una red de canales con diseño y análisis de diferentes estructuras hidráulicas. El MSS ha probado ser excelente para aplicaciones prácticas debido a su fácil uso, capacidades y precisión.
Cinética del secado de coco por radiación
Authors: Umaña-Calderón Manuel , Muñoz-Mena Janice , Pacheco-Retana Yuliana , Vargas-Elías Guillermo
Published: April 2019

El coco es una fruta que puede aprovecharse completamente desde su parte líquida hasta su parte sólida, considerando la parte alimenticia y los residuos. La parte sólida puede utilizarse directamente como alimento, también puede ser procesado para su uso posterior. El secado es un proceso necesario para su conservación, por lo tanto se evaluó el secado por radiación para establecer la relación entre rapidez y temperatura del proceso. Se utilizaron las temperaturas de 60, 80,100 y 120 °C. El coco fue extraído, molido y homogenizado manualmente. Se utilizó un deshidratador con transmisión de calor por radiación en cuatro temperaturas de proceso. El contenido de humedad fue determinado por la pérdida de masa hasta obtener peso constante en una capa delgada de producto. Se determinó que durante secado, el contenido de humedad es exponencialmente decreciente y el modelo matemático de Midilli se ajustó adecuadamente con un coeficiente de determinación (R2) mayor al 94 %. El efecto de la temperatura en la rapidez del proceso se ajustó con la ecuación de Arrhenius. Se determinó que la energía de activación del proceso de secado por radiación en coco fue de 60,7 kJ/mol. La relación matemática de la rapidez del secado es una doble exponencial que depende directamente de la temperatura y el tiempo de secado.
Yapıda HVAC Sistem Seçimi
Authors: Özcan Uğur
Published: April 2019

İnsanların
hayatlarını sürdürdükleri yapıların; gelişen teknoloji ve nüfus artışı ile
orantılı biçimde arttığı görülmektedir. Ülkemiz üzerinden yapılan araştırmalara
göre özellikle inşaat sektöründeki üretim yüksek bir seviyeye ulaşmıştır. Bu
üretilen yapıların üzerinden; “kullanıcı konforu bu oranda artış sağlamakta
mıdır?”, “bu artışa paralel olarak solunan hava ne kadar kaliteli ve
niteliklidir?” veya “hava kalitesi ve kullanıcı sağlığı için neler yapılmalı?”
gibi sorular akla gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda kullanıcı konforu ve sağlığı için
çözüm önerisi olarak HVAC sistemlerin doğru seçim ve kullanımından
bahsedilmiştir. HVAC sistemlerin yapı tasarımı tamamlandıktan sonra
alternatifler olarak değil, daha yapıya ait eskiz çalışmaları hazırlandığı
sırada düşünülmesine ve çevresel faktörlerin doğru analiz edilmesinin önemine
vurgu yapılmıştır. Bu sistemlerin seçimi ve tasarımı sırasında,  hedefler ve öncelikler belirlendikten sonra,
tasarımcılar için bir ön görü kılavuzu oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır.
Knockdown of NANOG Reduces Cell Proliferation and Induces G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Adipose Stem Cells
Authors: Pitrone Maria , Pizzolanti Giuseppe , Coppola Antonina , Tomasello Laura , Martorana Stefania , Pantuso Gianni , Giordano Carla
Published: April 2019

The core components of regenerative medicine are stem cells with high self-renewal and tissue regeneration potentials. Adult stem cells can be obtained from many organs and tissues.   NANOG, SOX2 and OCT4 represent the core regulatory network that suppresses differentiation-associated genes, maintaining the pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells. The roles of NANOG in maintaining self-renewal and undifferentiated status of adult stem cells are still not perfectly established. In this study we define the effects of downregulation of NANOG in maintaining self-renewal and undifferentiated state in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from subcutaneous adipose tissue (hASCs). hASCs were expanded and transfected in vitro with short hairpin Lentivirus targeting NANOG. Gene suppressions were achieved at both transcript and proteome levels. The effect of NANOG knockdown on proliferation after 10 passages and on the cell cycle was evaluated by proliferation assay, colony forming unit (CFU), qRT-PCR and cell cycle analysis by flow-cytometry. Moreover, NANOG involvement in differentiation ability was evaluated. We report that downregulation of NANOG revealed a decrease in the proliferation and differentiation rate, inducing cell cycle arrest by increasing p27/CDKN1B (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B) and p21/CDKN1A(Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A) through p53 and regulate DLK1/PREF1. Furthermore, NANOG induced downregulation of DNMT1, a major DNA methyltransferase responsible for maintaining methylation status during DNA replication probably involved in cell cycle regulation. Our study confirms that NANOG regulates the complex transcription network of plasticity of the cells, inducing cell cycle arrest and reducing differentiation potential.
Improving the Translation Environment for Professional Translators
Authors: Vandeghinste Vincent , Vanallemeersch Tom , Augustinus Liesbeth , Bulté Bram , Van Eynde Frank , Pelemans Joris , Verwimp Lyan , Wambacq Patrick , Heyman Geert , Moens Marie-Francine , van der Lek-Ciudin Iulianna , Steurs Frieda , Rigouts Terryn Ayla , Lefever Els , Tezcan Arda , Macken Lieve , Hoste Véronique , Daems Joke , Buysschaert Joost , Coppers Sven , Van den Bergh Jan , Luyten Kris
Published: April 2019

When using computer-aided translation systems in a typical, professional translation workflow, there are several stages at which there is room for improvement. The SCATE (Smart Computer-Aided Translation Environment) project investigated several of these aspects, both from a human-computer interaction point of view, as well as from a purely technological side. This paper describes the SCATE research with respect to improved fuzzy matching, parallel treebanks, the integration of translation memories with machine translation, quality estimation, terminology extraction from comparable texts, the use of speech recognition in the translation process, and human computer interaction and interface design for the professional translation environment. For each of these topics, we describe the experiments we performed and the conclusions drawn, providing an overview of the highlights of the entire SCATE project.
Trend Analyses of Temperature and Rainfall and Their Response to Global CO2 Emission in Masha, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Benti Fedhasa , Abara Magarsa
Published: April 2019

Ethiopia is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change and often signifies higher probabilities of droughts that have historically affected millions of farmers. The variability in rainfall patterns and drought have disrupted crop production and exacerbated food insecurity in many parts of Ethiopia. This study aimed to investigate seasonal and annual temperature and rainfall trends and their association to the global CO2 emission. Temperature and rainfall data obtained from the Masha meteorological station and CO2 from EDGAR 4.3.2 dataset recorded for 36 years. The Linear regression model was used to analyse seasonal temperature and rainfall trends. Pearson’s correlation coefficient employed to measure the relationship between temperature and rainfall and global CO2 emission. The results showed that there were significant warming trends of seasonal and annual mean temperatures while summer season and annual rainfall significantly declined. The prediction results showed that the summer and annual mean temperatures would be significantly increased while the rainfall decreased for the next 35 years. The cumulative global CO2 and annual mean temperature and rainfall were correlated significantly at P = 0.0004 and 0.006 for temperature and rainfall, respectively. The results demonstrated clearly that the increasing of temperature and the decreasing of rainfall had a direct relationship with the global CO2 emissions and suggested that there should be a sound soil and water management, short season seed supply and pipe irrigation practices to reduce the future crop damage in the area.
Compound Muscle Action Potential Amplitude Predicts the Severity of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Power Hollie A. , Sharma Ketan , El-Haj Madi , Moore Amy M. , Patterson Megan M. , Mackinnon Susan E.
Published: April 2019

Background:

Cubital tunnel syndrome has a spectrum of presentations ranging from mild paresthesias to debilitating numbness and intrinsic atrophy. Commonly, the classification of severity relies on clinical symptoms and slowing of conduction velocity across the elbow. However, changes in compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude more accurately reflect axonal loss. We hypothesized that CMAP amplitude would better predict functional impairment than conduction velocity alone.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort of patients who underwent a surgical procedure for cubital tunnel syndrome over a 5-year period were included in the study. All patients had electrodiagnostic testing performed at our institution. Clinical and electrodiagnostic variables were recorded. The primary outcome was preoperative functional impairment, defined by grip and key pinch strength ratios. Multivariable regression identified which clinical and electrodiagnostic variables predicted preoperative functional impairment.

Results:

Eighty-three patients with a mean age of 57 years (75% male) were included in the study. The majority of patients (88%) had abnormal electrodiagnostic studies. Fifty-four percent had reduced CMAP amplitude, and 79% had slowing of conduction velocity across the elbow (recorded from the first dorsal interosseous). On bivariate analysis, older age and longer symptom duration were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with reduced CMAP amplitude and slowing of conduction velocity across the elbow, whereas body mass index (BMI), laterality, a primary surgical procedure compared with revision surgical procedure, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire scores, and visual analog scale (VAS) scores for pain were not. Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that reduced first dorsal interosseous CMAP amplitude independently predicted the loss of preoperative grip and key pinch strength and that slowed conduction velocity across the elbow did not.

Conclusions:

Reduced first dorsal interosseous amplitude predicted preoperative weakness in grip and key pinch strength, and isolated slowing of conduction velocity across the elbow did not. CMAP amplitude is a sensitive indicator of axonal loss and an important marker of the severity of cubital tunnel syndrome. It should be considered when counseling patients with regard to their prognosis and determining the necessity and timing of operative intervention.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Marketing Aspects of Vegetables: Comparative Study of Four Regions in East Java and Bali
Authors: Mariyono Joko , Dewi Hanik A. , Daroini Putu B. , Latifah Evy , Zakariya Abu Z. , Afari-Sefa Victor
Published: April 2019

One of the factors that determines the success or failure of agribusiness is ability of farmers to sell the product. Thus, marketing is an important part of vegetable farming. Good marketing process leads to commercialization, and unsuccessful in this step leads to inadequate income. This study aims to explore the marketing aspects of vegetables using descriptive analysis of vegetable marketing relates issues. The aspects include sources of information, traders, time to sell, use of mobile phone in marketing and the potential constraints.  Marketing characteristics of each region were discussed by comparing and contrasting one to another. Data for this study were gathered from a quantitative investigation of 360 farm households situated in four main vegetable producing regions of rural East Java and Bali, Indonesia. The results show that farmers relied on traders and neighbouring farmers as the trusted sources market information. The ways of farmers to sell the product to the market varied across regions. Commonly, farmers had frequent buyers or costumers to sell the products without any special commitment. In majority, farmers contacted a few of traders to sell the product about three days before harvesting. Highly fluctuation of prices was perceived to be the most important constraint among  other factors limiting good marketing. Thus, there is a need to address such constraints to help farmers to get fairness.
TRAINING DISCIPLINE AND RESPONSIBILITY: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF VALUES CLARIFICATION MODEL
Authors: Karim Indah Mutiatul , Mustadi Ali
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study was to describe the influence of value clarification model to train discipline and responsibility for the student at PGRI University. This research is quasi-experiment. The population of this research is all students at the PGRI University. The sample of this research by using simple random sampling technique. The data were analyzed using MANOVA Test followed by Bonferroni post hoc test using SPSS 22.0 program. The results showed there is the influence value clarification model to build students’ attitude.
THE DEVELOPING OF PROTOTYPE TOOL DETERMINING CELESTIAL POSITIONS (WAH 1.0) AS LEARNING MEDIA IN EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE COURSE
Authors: Mukti Wiji Aziiz Hari , Walid Ahmad
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study is a media creation for the deciding tool revealed that the position of the heavenly bodies can be created and used to determine the position of the heavenly bodies so that it can be used as a learning media in the Earth and space science course. The working principle of this tool is to use the coordinates of the horizon. Tools used i.e. compass, bows, tripod, and camera. To test the accuracy of the application use Stellarium mobile version 1.25. The results of this study are to test the accuracy of the altitude angle obtained its accuracy level results 100%. Whereas, in order to test the accuracy of the altitude reached the corner of 99.86%.
Peran Tuha Peut Dalam Pengembangan Reusam Perlindungan Anak Yang Berhadapan Dengan Hukum (ABH) Di Aceh Besar
Authors: Mansari Mansari
Published: April 2019

Some gampongs in Aceh Besar have established gampong reusam on child protection in written form. Reusam which usually regulates public behavior about habits undertaken by the public in an unwritten form, is now beginning to be written in written form. The formation of gampong reusam was formed by Tuha Peut Gampong which was discussed together with the keuchik and community leaders of the gampong. This research aims to find out how the process of reusam formation of child protection in Aceh Besar and how the role of Tuha Peut in determining the direction of development of child protection reusam in Aceh Besar. This research uses qualitative research with data source from primary data obtained through interview with Keuchik, Tuha Peut Gampong and Female Woman. Secondary data is obtained through documentation studies in the library. The results showed that the process of forming a village reusam on Child Protection was established through the involvement of elements and community leaders, even women were involved in the preparation. Tuha Peut has an important role in the development of a gampong reusam that adopts local and applicable local values in Aceh. These values are deliberation, mediation and the use of adat sanctions for child offenders in cases that occur, such as Advice, Warning, apology, fines, compensation, returned to the family, Establishment of Child Protection Committees dealing with law and engagement government agencies.
Membedah Komodifikasi Isi Pesan Mini Drama Line “Nic And Mar” (Analisis Semiotika John Fiske Terhadap Mini Drama Line)
Authors: Hutami Indra , Yusanto Freddy , Nugroho Catur
Published: April 2019

Mobile mini drama of the Line is a mini-series that narrate the characters who play a part in a story which has drama genre. One of them is a mobile mini drama Line "Nic and Mar" designed to meet the needs of the people of Indonesia will of entertainment that can be enjoyed anytime, anywhere for free just by using the gadget. However, the facts behind their mobile mini dramas which incidentally can be enjoyed free, able to bring great benefits in terms of economy for the media Line. Researchers interested in studying this phenomenon because the researchers identified that there has been a process of commodification and wanted to know what kind of shape the commodification. The purpose of this research is to determine how to shape the content of the message commodification Mini Drama Line "Nic and Mar". The approach of the research is qualitative, uses a semiotic analysis to analyze the research object. The data analysis technique is based from “The Codes of Television” by John Fiske. The research result is in Mini Drama Line "Nic and Mar" there are audio aspect and visual aspect that formed by videography techniques so that it becomes a spectacle, but the signs are there in processed into a product so that the scene in this drama mini formed into commodities. The function changed, initially the storyline is used for forming part mini-drama story, now the storyline also serves as a exchange rate.
Peran Model Social Learning Dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Petani Garam di Kabupaten Pamekasan
Authors: Hanik Umi , Mutmainah Mutmainah
Published: April 2019

This study aims to determine the role of social learning models in improving the competency of salt farmers in Pamekasan Regency. The research approach used is qualitative research with grounded theory. Data collection techniques using depth interviews, observation and documentation studies. The results of the study showed that increasing the competency of salt farmers through social learning models was carried out by presenting examples of behavior from aspects: 1) knowledge (knowledge); 2) skills (skills); 3) self concept; 4) personal characteristics (traits); and 5) motives (motives). The role of the social learning model for increasing salt farmers in Pamekasan Regency is: 1) to increase knowledge so that farmers have several alternative ways to make salt to produce quality; 2) developing the competency of salt farmers through the delivery of information; 3) foster an attitude of helping others; and 4) fostering a cooperative attitude towards outside parties who wish to establish cooperation.
The impact of dexmedetomidine added to ropivicaine for transversus abdominis plane block on stress response in laparoscopic surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Qin Zhaojun , Xiang Chunyan , Li Hongbo , Liu Tingting , Zhan Leyun , Xia Zhengyuan , Zhang Min , Lai Jianpin
Published: April 2019

Background: Intravenous dexmedetomidine is known to attenuate stress response in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. We investigated whether the addition of the highly selective alpha-2 adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine into ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block could inhibit stress response during laparoscopic surgery, and determined the optimal dose of dexmedetomidine in it.
Methods: One hundred and twenty-five patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery were included in this prospective and randomized double-blind study. Patients received general anesthesia with or without a total of 60 ml of 0.2% ropivacaine in combination with low (0.25 µg/kg), medium (0.50 µg/kg) or high dose (1.0 µg/kg) of dexmedetomidine for the four-quadrant transversus abdominis plane block( n = 25). The primary outcomes were stress marker levels during the operation.
Results: One hundred and twenty patients completed the study protocol. Dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine for transversus abdominis plane block significantly reduced serum levels of cortisol, norepinephrine, epinephrine, interleukin-6, blood glucose, mean arterial pressure and heart rate in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), accompanied with decreased anesthetic and opioid consumption during the operation (P < 0.05), but the high dose of dexmedetomidine induced higher incidences of bradycardia than low or medium dose of dexmedetomidine (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The addition of dexmedetomidine at the dose of 0.5 µg/kg into ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block is the optimal dose to inhibit stress response with limited impact on blood pressure and heart rate in patients undergoing laparoscopy gynecological surgery.
The Cost-Effectiveness of specialized Nursing Interventions for people with Parkinson’s Disease: the NICE-PD study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Radder Danique LM , Lennaerts Herma H , Vermeulen Hester , Asseldonk Thies van , Delnooz Cathérine CS , Hagen Rob H , Munneke Marten , Bloem Bastiaan R , de Vries Nienke M
Published: April 2019

Background

Current guidelines recommend that every person with Parkinson’s disease (PD) should have access to Parkinson’s Disease Nurse Specialist (PDNS) care. However, there is little scientific evidence on the cost-effectiveness of PDNS care. This hampers wider implementation, creates unequal access to care and possibly leads to avoidable disability and costs. Therefore, we aim to study the (cost-)effectiveness of specialized nursing care provided by a PDNS compared to usual care (without PDNS) for people with PD in all disease stages. To gain more insight into the deployed interventions and their effects, a pre-planned subgroup analysis will be performed based on disease duration (diagnosis <5, 5-10, or >10 years ago).

Methods

We will perform an 18-month, single-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial in eight community hospitals in the Netherlands. A total of 240 people with PD that have not been treated by a PDNS over the past two years will be included, independent of disease severity or duration. In each hospital, 30 patients will randomly be allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either care by a PDNS (who works according to a recent guideline on PDNS care) or usual care. We will use two co-primary outcomes: quality of life (measured with the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39) and motor symptoms (measured with the MDS-UPDRS part III). Secondary outcomes include non-motor symptoms, health-related quality of life, experienced quality of care, self-management, medication adherence, caregiver burden and coping skills. Data will be collected after 12 months and 18 months by a blinded researcher. A healthcare utilization and productivity loss questionnaire will be completed every 3 months.

Discussion

The results of this trial will have an immediate impact on the current care of people with PD. We hypothesize that, by offering more patients access to PDNS care, quality of life will increase. We also expect healthcare costs to remain equal, as increases in direct medical costs (funding additional nurses) will be offset by a reduced number of consultations with the general practitioner and neurologist. If these outcomes are reached, wide implementation of PDNS care is warranted.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03830190. Registered February 5, 2019 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03830190.
Comparison of Pressure-Controlled Ventilation with Volume Guarantee and Volume-Controlled Ventilation mode in Patients under Laparoscopic Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Lv Xueli , Jiang Zhenfei , Nie Xinrui , Liu Su
Published: April 2019

Background：In traditional Volume-Controlled Ventilation (VCV) mode, the creation of pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgery may lead to Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury (VALI). Pressure-Controlled Ventilation with Volume Guarantee (PCV-VG) mode ensures providing adequate oxygen supply to patients while reducing the risk of lung injury. Methods：Eligible randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were searched in Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Sino Med, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wan-Fang MED without language restriction up to March 2019. The primary outcome of this meta-analysis was airway peak pressure (Ppeak) at 30, 60 or 90 mins after complete CO2 insufflation. This meta-analysis was followed the recommendations of the PRISMA statement. Results：Finally, 9 articles were included. The Ppeak in the PCV-VG group was lower than that in the VCV group, and the difference was statistically significant at 30mins [Mean Difference (MD)= -3.55, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)= -5.13 to -1.98, I2=83%], 60mins [MD= -5.76, 95%CI= -8.15-3.36, I2=93%], 90 mins [MD= -4.59, 95%CI= -5.43-3.74, I2=30%] after complete CO2 insufflation. Meanwhile, PCV-VG mode could effectively reduce airway mean pressure (Pmean) and improve dynamic compliance (Cdyn) of patients after complete CO2 insufflation in laparoscopic surgery compared to VCV mode. However, no significant difference was found in PetCO2, HR, MAP, PH, PaO2, and PaCO2 between the two-ventilation modes. Conclusions: PCV-VG mode are superior to VCV mode in providing adequate oxygenation at lower airway peak pressure and greater dynamic compliance in patients under laparoscopic surgery.
Description of Rotylenchus rhomboides n. sp. and a Belgian population of Rotylenchus buxophilus (Tylenchomorpha: Hoplolaimidae)
Authors: Nguyen Huu Tien , Trinh Quang Phap , Couvreur Marjolein , Singh Phougeishangbam Rolish , Decraemer Wilfrida , Bert Wim
Published: April 2019

During a survey in the Botanical garden of Ghent University, a new species Rotylenchus rhomboides n. sp. and a population of Rotylenchus buxophilus were found. Rotylenchus rhomboides n. sp. is characterized by the presence of a rhomboid-like widening of the mid-ridge of lateral field at the level of vulva, a feature previously unknown within the genus. The population of the new species, composed only by females, has a rounded labial region with 4 to 5 annuli, robust stylet (31–37 μm long), short dorsal esophageal gland (9–19 μm) overlap of the intestine, vulva located slightly posterior to mid-body, and hemispherical or rounded tail shape with large phasmids located 3 to 5 annuli anterior to the level of anus. The hierarchical cluster analysis based on morphological features indicated that the new species closely resembles R. corsicus, R. gracilidens, and R. rugatocuticulatus. The DNA analyses of the D2-D3 of 28S rDNA, ITS rDNA, and COI mtDNA sequences of Rotylenchus rhomboides n. sp. show a close relationship with R. buxophilus, R. goodeyi, R. laurentinus, R. pumilus, and R. incultus, all of which can also be differentiated from the new species by morphological features. The combination of morphological, morphometric, and molecular characteristics confirmed the new species and the first report of R. buxophilus on yam (Dioscorea tokoro) in Belgium.
Development of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers for the Wheat Curl Mite Resistance Gene Cmc4
Authors: Zhao Jixin , Abdelsalam Nader R. , Khalaf Luaay , Chuang Wen‐Po , Zhao Lanfei , Smith C. Michael , Carver Brett , Bai Guihua
Published: April 2019

Wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichella Keifer) is an important wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) pest in many wheat‐growing regions worldwide. Mite feeding damage not only directly affects wheat yield, but A. tosichella also transmits Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV). Wheat resistance to A. tosichella, therefore, helps control WSMV. OK05312 (PI 670019) is an advanced breeding line released from Oklahoma that shows a high level of A. tosichella resistance. To map the gene(s) conditioning wheat resistance to A. tosichella in OK05312, a genetic linkage map was constructed using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers derived from genotyping‐by‐sequencing (GBS) and a population of 186 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from the cross ‘Jerry’ (PI 632433)/OK05312. Seedlings of both parents and the RIL population were infested by A. tosichella Biotype 1 in greenhouse experiments. One major quantitative trait locus was identified on the short arm of chromosome 6D, which corresponds to the previously reported gene Cmc4 for A. tosichella resistance. This gene explained up to 71% of the phenotypic variation and was delimited in a 1.7‐Mb (∼3.3‐cM) region by SNPs 370SNP7523 and 370SNP1639. We successfully converted 12 GBS‐SNPs into Kompetitive allele specific polymerase chain reaction (KASP) markers. Two of them tightly linked to Cmc4 were validated to be highly diagnostic in a US winter wheat population and can be used for marker‐assisted breeding for incorporation of Cmc4 into new wheat cultivars.
Image Does Matter Personal Style Vs Professional Image
Authors: Angeline Mia
Published: April 2019

In today’s professional world, one of the most widely ethical topics discussed is about employee’s personal style, that is unique, but cannot be categorized as professional. Personal style is considered as one of the rights of employees to express themselves and is not be regulated by the company. However, image of the company is reflected in the personal style and appearance of its employees. Therefore, this article examines the importance of personal style and the impacts on professional image as perceived by executives from various industries in Jakarta. Data were collected through interviews and literature. Results showed personal style is very important in the industry related to customer relations and retention, as well as personal style has a significant impact on the professional image of the individual and the company.
Agama dan Pembentukan Cara Pandang Serta Perilaku Hidup Masyarakat
Authors: Lakonawa Petrus
Published: April 2019

Religion is one of the most decisive factors in promoting the values and virtues of life in the community. Through religious teachings and practices, religion directs human’s perspective and the life of the community. In this article the author aims at discussing on how religions form their members’ worldview and perspective. The author will focus on the religious rituals, scriptures, and ethics. The purpose of this discussion is to raise the audience's awareness of the relevance of religion in human life and the importance of critical scrutiny of the content of religious teachings in order to promote common good for the whole creatures.
A Case Study Analysis of Clt Methods to Develop Grammar Competency for Academic Writing Purposes at Tertiary Level
Authors: Asmani Almodad Biduk
Published: April 2019

The purpose of the research project is to find out how effective grammar teaching and learning using the Principled CLT method can improve the ability of freshman Binus University students to understand and use grammar knowledge for academic writing purposes. The research project is expected to result in computer-animated format which can be used as one of the main tools in teaching and learning grammar at tertiary level. The research project applies the descriptive quantitative approach, and thus uses numeric data. The research project involves two subject groups, which are experimental and control. The two groups are pre-tested so as to find out their level of grammar competency by their academic writing works. The experimental group receives the treatment of grammar learning by using the Principled CLT approach, while the control group receives the standard CLT approach. Then, the two groups have the post-test, and the results are compared. Through statistics, the numerical data show that there is no significant difference between the two methods’ results, and as a result, either method has its own strength and weaknesses. If one is to be implemented, it must be linked to the specific goals and purposes that each entails.
The Dark Knight Rises: Kita Butuh Simbol untuk Menggerakkan
Authors: Widhyatmoko Danu
Published: April 2019

The dark knight rises: We Need Symbols to Make Movements is a writing that covers values existing in the last movie of Batman trilogy: The Dark Knight Rises (TDKR). In the film, it is described how batman is not only presented as a hero who saved the town, but also is presented as a symbol that keeps hope of the Gotham city society. Through this writing, it is also discussed the relation between TDKR and the recent condition of Indonesia.