bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KOMUNIKASI ETNOGRAFI PADA SERAH-TERIMA MANTEN PERNIKAHAN ADAT JAWA DI KECAMATAN MAPPEDECENG, KABUPATEN LUWU UTARA, SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Hasanah Eva Zulfiah
Published: January 2023

Abstract: This research uses the ethnographic method of communication, which is a study that examines the role of language in the communicative behavior of a society. The subjects in this study were several informants and two resource persons who were the main actors in the handover tradition of the manten. The object under study is the manten handover tradition. This study aims to reveal the ethnography of communication on the tradition of handing over manten in Javanese wedding customs in Mappedeceng District, North Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi. And disclose the registers used in the tradition. The results showed that the communication ethography of SPEAKING Dell Hymes in the form of setting took place at the bride's house. Participants are the bride and groom, close relatives, KUA officers, community leaders and religious leaders. Ends or the goal is to establish harmony between the two family families, Act Sequence in the form of surrender first, then acceptance. The rules of interaction in this tradition are to pay attention to several things including: the presence of the bride and groom, the presence of the families of the bride and groom, there are guardians and witnesses of each marriage, the most important thing is the spokesperson for each
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS, BODY MASS INDEX, MUSCULAR ENDURANCE, HAMSTRING FLEXIBILITY AND CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE OF OLDER ADOLESCENTS IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PROVINCE, PAKISTAN
Authors: Khan Muhammad Imran , Khan Muhammad Naseeb Ullah , Khan Aqeel Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Insufficient physical activity and Sedentary lifestyle is making youth susceptible to several chronic diseases globally and in Pakistan. This research assessed the association between levels of physical activity and health related fitness status of school and college students from different regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. 

Data was collected from 390 students at secondary schools and colleges. International Self-report measure was used to measure physical activity levels and health related fitness tests (BMI, Harvard step test, push up test and sit and reach test) were used for evaluation of body mass, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular endurance, and flexibility. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic data. Group differences and associations were analysed using MANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients and linear regression. Only 3.84% participants were engaging in vigorous intensity physical activity and all the participants had poor/ below average cardiorespiratory endurance (56.6 ± 4%). Moderate intensity activity was significantly correlated with cardiorespiratory endurance, whereas participation in different sports had significant association with flexibility.

The adolescents of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa did not meet the minimum requirements for physical activity levels and had poor cardiorespiratory endurance. Thus, a minimum of 60 minutes of vigorous exercise/ structured physical activity every day should be emphasized in schools and colleges to reduce risk of chronic diseases.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ACOMPANHAMENTO FARMACÊUTICO NA PROMOÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DA POPULAÇÃO IDOSA POLIMEDICADA
Authors: Silva Eliene Porto da , Brandão Joilson Barbosa , Damasceno Liliane de Jesus , Oliveira Cristiane Metzker Santana de
Published: January 2023

A atenção farmacêutica é um fator essencial na estratégia de saúde, pois na relação entre o profissional farmacêutico e o paciente, é possível desenvolver estratégias de educação e conscientização quanto ao uso correto dos medicamentos, de modo a promover a melhoria do bem-estar da população. Assim sendo, o presente artigo desenvolve-se com o objetivo geral de compreender a importância do farmacêutico no seguimento farmacoterapêutico na população idosa polimedicada. Para tanto, optou-se por uma revisão sistemática de literatura, de artigos publicados nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo e no Google Acadêmico. Como resultados, foram obtidos 18 artigos os quais foram categorizados em: Fatores associados à polimedicação na população idosa; O uso de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados na população idosa; e Contribuições da assistência farmacêutica para o paciente idoso polimedicado. Conclui-se que os idosos estão mais propensos a ocorrências indesejadas, que elevam as comorbidades e o tempo de internação hospitalar, devido ao uso de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados, sendo a assistência farmacêutica, essencial como estratégia de saúde efetiva, a fim de reduzir os riscos da polimedicação, conscientizar quanto ao uso correto dos medicamentos e melhorar a qualidade de vida desta população.
What is the cause(s) of ozone trends in three megacity clusters in eastern China during 2015–2020?
Authors: Hu Tingting , Lin Yu , Liu Run , Xu Yuepeng , Wang Boguang , Zhang Yuanhang , Liu Shaw Chen
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Thanks to a strong emission control policy, major air pollutants in China, including PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and CO had shown remarkable reductions in 2015–2020. However, ozone (O3) had increased significantly and emerged as a major air pollutant in eastern China at the same time. The annual mean concentration of maximum daily 8-hour average O3 (MDA8) in three megacity clusters in eastern China, namely Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH), Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD), showed alarming large upward linear trends of 2.4, 1.1 and 2.0 ppb yr-1, respectively during the period 2015–2020. Furthermore, drastic trends of approximately three-fold increase in the number of O3-exceeding days (defined as MDA8 O3 >75 ppb) were observed during the same period. Our analysis of the upward trends of the annual mean concentration of MDA8 found that the trends were almost entirely attributable to the increase in the number of consecutive O3-exceeding days. In addition, a widespread expansion of high O3 from urban centers to surrounding rural regions was found in 2015–2017, which had made the O3 spatial distribution becoming more uniform after 2017. Finally, we found that the O3 episodes with four or more consecutive O3-exceeding days in the three megacity clusters were closely associated with the position and strength of the West Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), which contributed to the meteorological conditions characterized by clear sky, sinking motion and high vertical stability in the lower troposphere, and high solar radiation and positive temperature anomaly at the surface. These meteorological conditions were highly conducive to O3 formation. Hence we hypothesize that the cause of the worsening O3 trends in BTH, YRD and PRD from 2015 to 2020 is attributable to the increased occurrence of meteorological conditions of high solar radiation and positive temperature anomaly under the influence of WPSH, tropical cyclones as well as mid-high latitude wave activities.
In situ microphysics observations of intense pyroconvection from a large wildfire
Authors: Kingsmill David E. , French Jeffrey R. , Lareau Neil P.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. This study characterizes the size and shape distributions of 10 µm to 6 mm diameter particles observed during six penetrations of wildfire-induced
pyroconvection near Boise, Idaho, USA, by a research aircraft over the period
29–30 August 2016. In situ measurements by the aircraft include winds,
atmospheric state, and bulk water content and particle concentration, size, and
shape. These observations are complemented by data from airborne and
ground-based radars. One of the penetrations is through a subsaturated
smoke–ash plume with negligible cloud liquid water content that is
characterized by an updraft of almost 36 m s−1. The size distribution
of number concentration is very similar to that documented previously for a
smoke plume from a prescribed fire, and particle shapes exhibit qualitative
and quantitative attributes comparable to ash particles created in a burn
chamber. Particles sampled during this penetration are most likely
pyrometeors composed of ash. Pyrocumulus clouds are probed in the other
penetrations where values of relative humidity and cloud liquid water
content are larger, but updrafts are weaker. Compared to the smoke-plume
penetration, size distributions are mostly characterized by larger
concentration, and particle shapes exhibit a higher degree of circular
symmetry. Particle composition in these pyrocumulus penetrations is most
likely a combination of hydrometeors (ice particles) and pyrometeors (ash).
Modelling the interactive effects of viral presence and global warming on Baltic Sea ecosystem dynamics
Authors: Krishna Shubham , Peterson Victoria , Listmann Luisa , Hinners Jana
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Marine viruses have been identified as key players in biogeochemical cycles and in the termination of phytoplankton blooms; however, most models of biogeochemical processes have yet to resolve viral dynamics. Here, we incorporate a viral component into a 1D ecosystem model for the Baltic Sea to explore the influence of viruses on ecosystem dynamics under current and future climatic conditions. Virus host interactions and zooplankton grazing were mechanistically described through size-based contact rates. The model demonstrated that the presence of viruses increased nutrient retention in the upper water column. This corresponded to a reduction in phytoplankton biomass, production of dead organic matter and transfer of biomass to higher trophic levels. Viral presence played a key role in deeper water layers, near the thermocline. While warming alone reversed these trends, the combination of warming and viral presence enhanced the effect of viruses. Our results illustrate that marine ecosystem models need to incorporate viral dynamics to better predict system responses to climate change.
Erosion and weathering in carbonate regions reveal climatic and tectonic drivers of carbonate landscape evolution
Authors: Ott Richard F. , Gallen Sean F. , Helman David
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Carbonate rocks are highly reactive and presumably have higher ratios of chemical weathering to total denudation relative to most other rock types. Their chemical reactivity affects the first-order morphology of carbonate-dominated landscapes and their climate sensitivity. However, there have been few efforts to quantify the partitioning of denudation into mechanical erosion and chemical weathering in carbonate landscapes such that their sensitivity to changing climatic and tectonic conditions remains elusive. Here, we compile bedrock and catchment-average cosmogenic calcite-36Cl denudation rates and compare them to weathering rates from the same regions. Local bedrock denudation and weathering rates are comparable, ~20–40 mm/ka, whereas catchment-average denudation rates are ~2.7 times higher. This discrepancy is 5 times lower compared to silicate-rich rocks illustrating that elevated weathering rates make denudation more spatially uniform in carbonate-dominated landscapes. Catchment-average denudation rates correlate well with topographic relief and hillslope gradient, and moderate correlations with runoff can be explained by concurrent increases in weathering rate. Comparing denudation rates with weathering rates shows that mechanical erosion processes contribute ~50 % of denudation in southern France and ~70 % in Greece and Israel. Our results indicate that the partitioning between largely slope-independent chemical weathering and slope-dependent mechanical erosion varies based on climate and tectonics and impacts the landscape morphology. In humid, slowly uplifting regions, carbonates are associated with low-lying, flat topography because slope-independent chemical weathering dominates denudation. In contrast, in arid climates with rapid rock uplift rates, carbonate rocks form steep mountains that facilitate rapid, slope-dependent mechanical erosion required to compensate for inefficient chemical weathering and runoff loss to groundwater systems. This result suggests that carbonates represent an end-member for interactions between climate, tectonics, and earth materials.
ICLASS 1.1, a variational Inverse modelling framework for the Chemistry Land-surface Atmosphere Soil Slab model: description, validation, and application
Authors: Bosman Peter J. M. , Krol Maarten C.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. This paper provides a description of ICLASS 1.1, a variational Inverse modelling framework for the Chemistry Land-surface Atmosphere Soil Slab model. This framework can be used to study the atmospheric boundary layer, surface layer, or the exchange of gases, moisture, heat, and momentum between the land surface and the lower atmosphere. The general aim of the framework is to allow the assimilation of various streams of observations (fluxes, mixing ratios at multiple heights, etc.) to estimate model parameters, thereby obtaining a physical model that is consistent with a diverse set of observations. The framework allows the retrieval of parameters in an objective manner and enables the estimation of information that is difficult to obtain directly by observations, for example, free tropospheric mixing ratios or stomatal conductances. Furthermore, it allows the estimation of possible biases in observations. Modelling the carbon cycle at the ecosystem level is one of the main intended fields of application. The physical model around which the framework is constructed is relatively simple yet contains the core physics to simulate the essentials of a well-mixed boundary layer and of the land–atmosphere exchange. The model includes an explicit description of the atmospheric surface layer, a region where scalars show relatively large gradients with height. An important challenge is the strong non-linearity of the model, which complicates the estimation of the best parameter values. The constructed adjoint of the tangent linear model can be used to mitigate this challenge. The adjoint allows for an analytical gradient of the objective cost function, which is used for minimisation of this function. An implemented Monte Carlo way of running ICLASS can further help to handle non-linearity and provides posterior statistics on the estimated parameters. The paper provides a technical description of the framework, includes a validation of the adjoint code, in addition to tests for the full inverse modelling framework, and a successful example application for a grassland in the Netherlands.
Using Icepack to reproduce Ice Mass Balance buoy observations in landfast ice: improvements from the mushy layer thermodynamics
Authors: Plante Mathieu , Lemieux Jean-François , Tremblay L. Bruno , Tivy Adrienne , Angnatok Joey , Roy François , Smith Gregory , Dupont Frédéric
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The column thermodynamics package (Icepack v1.1.0) of the Community Ice Code (CICE) version 6 is used to reproduce observations from two Ice Mass Balance (IMB) buoys co-deployed in the landfast ice close to Nain (Labrador) in February 2017. A new automated surface retrieval algorithm is used to determine the ice thickness and snow depths from the measured vertical temperature profiles. The buoys recorded heavy snow precipitation over relatively thin ice, negative ice freeboards and delayed snow flooding. Icepack simulations are produced to evaluate the performance of the Bitz and Lipscomb (1999) thermodynamics used in the Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) ice-ocean systems and to investigate the improvements associated with the use of mushy layer physics. Results show that the Bitz and Lipscomb (1999) scheme produces a smooth thermodynamics growth that fails to capture the observed variability in bottom sea ice congelation rates. The mushy layer physics produces similar temperature profiles but better captures the variability in congelation rates at the ice bottom interface, with periods of rapid ice growth that coincide with IMB observations. Large differences are also found associated with the snow-ice parameterization: the volume of snow-ice formed during flooding is largely underestimated when using a mass conserving snow-formation scheme, but largely improved when using the mushy layer parameterization in which sea-water is filling the porosity of the snow layer. Both schemes are however unable to reproduce the delayed snow-ice formation, as they rely on the hydrostatic balance and do not allow for negative freeboards. This calls for added brine fraction or ice porosity dependencies in the snow-ice parameterizations.
The global atmospheric energy transport analysed by a wavelength-based scale separation
Authors: Stoll Patrick Johannes , Graversen Rune Grand , Messori Gabriele
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The atmosphere transports energy polewards by circulation cells and eddies. To the present day, there has been a knowledge gap regarding the preferred spatial scales and physical mechanisms of eddy energy transport. To fill the gap, we separate the meridional atmospheric energy transport in the ERA5 reanalysis by spatial scales and into quasi-stationary and transient flow patterns and latent and dry components. Baroclinic instability is the major instability mechanism in the transient synoptic scales and is responsible for forming cyclones, anticyclones, and small-scale Rossby waves. At the planetary scales, circulation patterns are often induced by other mechanisms such as flow interaction with orography and land–sea heating contrasts. However, a separation between circulation patterns at the synoptic and planetary scales has yet to be established.
We find that both baroclinically induced and transient energy transport is predominantly associated with eddies at wavelengths between 2000 and 8000 km.
The maxima in both types of transport occur at wavelengths around 5000 km, in good agreement with linear baroclinic theory. Since these results are independent of latitude, we adapt the scale separation of the energy transport to be based on the wavelength instead of the previously used wavenumber. We define the synoptic transport by the wavelength band between 2000 and 8000 km. We analyse the annual and seasonal mean in the energy transport components and their inter-annual variability. The scale-separated transport components are fairly similar in both hemispheres.
Transport by synoptic waves is the largest contributor to extra-tropical energy and moisture transport, mainly of a transient character, and is influenced little by seasonality. In contrast, transport by planetary waves depends highly on the season and has two distinct characteristics. (1) In the extra-tropical winter, planetary waves are important due to a large transport of dry energy. This planetary transport features the largest inter-annual variability of all components and is mainly quasi-stationary in the Northern Hemisphere but transient in its southern counterpart. (2) In the sub-tropical summer, quasi-stationary planetary waves are the most important transport component, mainly due to moisture transport, presumably associated with monsoons.
In contrast to transport by planetary and synoptic waves, only a negligible amount of energy is transported by mesoscale eddies (< 2000 km).
Biakan Murni (F0) Jamur Tiram Merah Muda (Pleorotus flabellatus) Dengan Menggunakan Media PDA dan Media Campuran Jagung dan Dedak
Authors: Herawati Elisa
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK

Jamur tiram (Pleurotus sp.) merupakan salah satu jenis jamur yang digemari masyarakat. Jamur tiram merupakan komoditi yang mempunyai prospek sangat baik untuk dikembangkan. Salah satu varietas jamur tiram yang layak untuk dibudidayakan adalah jamur tiram merah muda (Pleurotus flabellatus). Usaha budidaya jamur tiram (Pleurotus sp.) yang dilakukan oleh petani sering menemui kendala dalam hal penyediaan bibit . Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk  mengetahui persentase tumbuh dan laju pertumbuhan miselium P. flabellatus yang ditumbuhkan pada media PDA dan media campuran jagung dan dedak. Prosedur biakan murni (FO): penyiapan media PDA dan media campuran jagung dan dedak, sterilisasi, inokulasi, inkubasi, pengumpulan dan perhitungan data. Hasil penelitian: (1) Persentase  tumbuh miselium P. flabellatus dengan media PDA adalah 60% sedangkan pada media campuran jagung dan dedak sebesar 80%. (2) Laju pertumbuhan miselium P. flabellatus pada media campuran jagung dan dedak lebih tinggi dari media PDA.  Kesimpulan: Dari data persentase tumbuh dan laju pertumbuhan miselium P. flabellatus pada media campuran jagung dan dedak diketahui miselium P. flabellatus berhasil tumbuh 80% dan menunjukan laju pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dari media PDA, hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa tahapan pembuatan bibit biakan murni (F0) dapat dilakukan  langsung pada  media biji-bijian (jagung dan dedak) tanpa melalui media PDA yang seringkali tingkat kegagalannya tinggi.

 

Kata kunci: Jamur tiram merah muda, Pleurotus flabellatus, Media PDA, Media campuran jagung dan dedak, Laju pertumbuhan miselium
Penapisan Fitokimia Limbah Padat Penyulingan Minyak Nilam (Pogestemon heyneatus)
Authors: Farida Aryani  , Sari Nur Maulida , Syauqi Anis , Paurru Periani , Zamroni Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri. Dengan meningkatnya produksi minyak nilam, volume penyulingan minyak nilam semakin tinggi akan menyebabkan  kuantitas limbah nilam pada industri penyulingan minyak nilam pun semakin banyak. Besarnya volume limbah hasil penyulingan minyak nilam seringkali menjadi masalah bagi pihak industri usaha penyulingan sendiri maupun lingkungan masyarakat di sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen senyawa metabolit sekunder yang masih terkandung dalam limbah penyulingan minyak nilam. Ekstraksi limbah penyulingan dilakukan dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 95 % selama 48 jam. Analisis fitokimia yang dilakukan menggunakan metode (Harborne, 1998) dan (Kokate, 2001). Hasil pengujian metabolit sekunder menunjukkan ekstrak nilam dari limbah penyulingan mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin dan steroid. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, dapat menjadi rujukan dilakukannya kajian bioaktivitas lanjutan pada ekstrak limbah padat penyulingan minyak nilam.
Meaningful Leadership and Employees’ Well-being: Process through Meaningful Work
Authors: Ahmad Jamil , Fatima Seerat
Published: January 2023

Based on the principle of intrinsic motivation of self-determination theory, the purpose of the present research was to unearth the effect of meaningful leadership on followers’ positive emotional well-being indirectly through meaningful work. The following 665 workers were recruited from varied organizations and surveyed 3 times over a period of one month. To test the current study’s hypotheses, we checked whether meaningful work explained meaningful leadership’s relationship with employees' positive emotional well-being in the form of intrinsic motivation. Structural equation modelling was applied interesting of a mediation model in Mplus. The results suggested that the employees who perceive their leaders’ behaviors as meaningful recognize their work more meaningful and ultimately have positive emotional well-being. Overall, the results of our study support and contribute to the positive organizational psychology literature, specifically empirically found that meaningful leadership contributes to the meaningful work of the followers and positive emotional well-being. Further, suggested measures for managers to improve the well-being of employees
Collaborating for Innovation: a study of Pakistan’s Service Industry
Authors: Ahmad Ashfaq
Published: January 2023

Innovation is a key parameter of business performance and the effect of HR practices on innovation has also been the subject of many studies. Nevertheless, effective implementation of HR practices presupposes the establishment of a suitable collaborative climate, but little attention has been paid by researchers to collaboration as a potentially important factor in this relationship between HR practices and innovation. The present study was conducted to fill this research gap by investigating the mediating role of collaboration between HR Practices and innovation. Four hypotheses were developed, out of which three tested the nature of the relationship between the variables of interest – HR Practices, Innovation, and collaboration – whereas the fourth examined the mediating role played by collaboration in the process. A correlational quantitative research design was used in the study. The probability sampling method was employed to select the sample (n = 120) from the service sector. Units of analysis were heads of HR/senior level managers. The final results established a positive relationship among the variables of interest and supported all four hypotheses. However, the results suggested that merely a positive relationship between HR Practices and Innovation may not lead a business firm to effectively innovate unless and until it fosters a collaborative climate across the whole organization. Similarly, the results also proved the mediating effect of collaboration in the relationship between HR Practices and Innovation, but it was also established that the role of mediation was far greater in the case of product innovation than in process innovation.
Ինովացիոն լոգիստիկ ենթակառուցվածքների զարգացման հիմնախնդիրները Հայաստանի Հանրապետությունում / Problems of Development of the Innovative Logistics Infrastructures in the Republic of Armenia
Authors: BOSTANDJYAN VARDAN , ZAKHARYAN ARMINE
Published: January 2023

The paper is
devoted to the study of methods and mechanisms for the
formation and development of innovative logistics infrastructures
in the Republic of Armenia, the factors that determine the
effective application of these methods and mechanisms, as well
as the state policy of stimulating innovation and investment.
Under current economic conditions, it is especially
important for the Republic of Armenia to stimulate innovation
and investment activities. The latter requires the formation of the
institutional foundations of innovation activity, as well as the
intensification of interaction between science, business and the
state. The issue of stimulating the activities of companies in the
IT sector deserves special attention. In this context, it is
especially important to study the possibilities and international
experience in creating effective innovative logistics
infrastructures in the Republic of Armenia. The paper also
presents the mechanisms for the development of an innovative economy. Based on them the concept of creating effective
innovative logistics infrastructures is proposed. To apply the
concept, a set of appropriate actions has been developed and
justified, which will significantly stimulate the creation of an
effective innovation system.
Նվազագույն աշխատավարձի սահմանման հիմնախնդիրները համաշխարհային տնտեսությունում / Issues of Setting the Minimum Wage in the Global Economy
Authors: TADEVOSYAN ZOYA
Published: January 2023

In a market economy, the setting of a minimum wage
is one of the main instruments of state regulation of wages.
When determining the cost of labor, this makes it possible, in
accordance with the procedure established by law, to limit the
possible arbitrariness of the employer. The setting of a minimum
wage has very important economic consequences, they are: an
effective means of eliminating the exploitation of labor,
increasing the purchasing power of the population,
strengthening economic stability, forming a fair wage system and
overcoming unfair competition.
This paper examines and presents the mechanisms for setting
the minimum wage in a number of developed countries of the
world, a comparative analysis with such developing and
transitional countries as China, the Russian Federation, the
Republic of Belarus, Georgia and Armenia. The conducted
research made it possible to identify changes that have occurred
in previously applied and currently used approaches to setting
the minimum wage, to analyze the compliance of labor legislation
requirements between the minimum wage and the living wage.
"Ad limina" Reports by the Bishops of Wrocław from the 17th and 18th centuries
Authors: Kopiec Jan
Published: January 2023

The article refers to the duty of paying regular visits at the Holy See, “imposed on diocesan bishops by the Council of Trent,” on the example of the Wrocław dio-cese in the 17th and 18th centuries. Pursuant to the Romanus Pontifex bull by Pope Sixtus V of 20 December 1585, bishops of Wrocław (as well as all the other bish-ops from this part of Europe) were obliged to regularly visit the Holy See, going to Rome every four years to submit a written report on the condition of their dioces-es. Vatican sources contain 14 written reports from Wrocław from the period of 1603-1777. These reports lead to the conclusion that bishops of Wrocław treated the duty in a rather formalistic manner. The interval of four years required by the bull of Pope Sixtus V was rarely observed; often, there was just one visit through-out the governance of a given bishop. They also failed to pay visits in person, but were represented by special procurators approved by Rome, usually canons or trustees who also wrote the reports. Because, until 1740, there were no specific regulations or templates for writing the reports, their scope and contents signifi-cantly differed. The longest and the most abundant in contents were the ones drafted by bishops Sebastian von Rostock (1667), Friedrich von Hessen (1678), and Franz Ludwig (1708). In the report, the focus is on the static description of the diocese (seat of the diocese with the cathedral, chapter, and bishop’s residence, diocesan institutions, administrative structure of the diocese, convents on the premises), but the confession and political conditions in which the Catholic Church in Silesia had to proceed with its pastoral duties are rarely analysed. In the 17th and 18th centuries, it was always pointed out that the Church was unable to oper-ate successfully, principally due to the aggressive behaviour of the Protestants, and the hostile attitude of rulers of particular Silesian duchies. There was much less information about the clergy and the faithful. Attention must be drawn to measures indicated by some bishops of Wrocław, aimed at eliminating the shortages and intensifying the religious life in Silesia.
Polonica in „Registrum Equitum Sancti Sepulchri” (1561-1848)
Authors: Lenczewski Olgierd
Published: January 2023

The Registrum Equitum Sancti Sepulchri is a valuable source for presenting the contacts of Poles with the Holy Land in the years 1561-1848. On the pages of this book, you can find information about approximately 1,590 people who took part in the fitting ceremony for knights of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. Fifteen of them refer to the Polish Order of the Holy Sepulchre. To demonstrate their presence in the book, one should take into account the historical and geographical location of Poland at that time. Index equites can be inconsistent. Generally, information about the nominees includes: noble titles, public or ecclesiastical positions, family affiliation, origin. It happens, however, that data on knights has been reduced to a minimum. Before the liber began to be maintained, notes were made about the people knighted. It is estimated that, in the years 1348-1560, 817 knights were fitted. However, it is not known how many people more precisely enlisted under the banner of the Knights of the Holy Sepulchre until 1560, because these notes were confiscated by the Turkish authorities. Although, on the basis of available sources, it is possible to reconstruct the list created during this period. Based on the registrum equitum, it is impossible to determine how many citizens of the Commonwealth received the title eques Sancti Sepulchri, because the Franciscan monks did not register every knighthood. This is evidenced by the examples contained in this article. It should be noted that the title eques hierosolymitanus was used not only by the knights of the Holy Sepulchre. This title was also claimed by other orders: the Knights of Malta, the Knights of Jerusalem from the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, or the Knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece. The author of the article did not make use of the entire transcription made by Father Michele Piccirillo, OFM in the book Registrum Equitum SSmi Sepulchri D.N.J.C. (1561-1848), but the photocopies of the originals included in this publication, because he noticed that the above edition does not meet editorial criteria, and contains many inaccuracies. However, the publisher should be thanked for publishing the said register together with photocopies of the manuscript.
The transmission of history in mediaeval culture
Authors: Lis Artur
Published: January 2023

The review article is devoted to the book by Czesław Deptuła entitled Historical beginnings in Polish medieval historiography. On the history of ideas, images and narratives. The publication is a selection of texts by Professor Czesław Deptuła from 1968-2006, supplemented with appendixes. The research undertaken by the author of the monograph revolves around 1) the history of the Polish Church in the 10th-13th centuries, 2) the history of medieval religiousness in Poland (studies of selected religious cults, primarily the cults of Polish patrons and some aspects of the Christianization of the Polish society in the early Middle Ages; 3) the history of Polish mediaeval historiography (mainly the history of ideas, images and narratives).
INFLUENCE OF NON-ISOTROPIC DIFFUSION ON EFFECTIVE REACTION RATES IN CATALYST PARTICLES
Authors: Taulamet Maria Jose , Martinez Osvaldo Miguel , Barreto Guillermo Fernando , Mariani Nestor Javier
Published: January 2023

The non-isotropic diffusion and reaction problem in cylindrical particles of different cross-sections is analyzed in this contribution employing the one-dimensional Generalized Cylinder Model (1D-GCG). Such a model presents a single parameter of straightforward calculation from the geometrical magnitudes of the catalyst particles. Different but uniform values of axial and transversal effective diffusivities are assumed. The performance of the 1D-GCG model for the effectiveness factor estimation is assessed for a variety of particle shapes and a set of kinetic expressions. Maximum errors in the predictions, varying a Thiele modulus and the axial-to-transversal diffusivities ratio, are below 6% for the first order reaction and rise up to around of 9% and 11% for a LHHW (Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson) expression at the verge of the appearance of multiple steady states, in the case of Raschig rings and solid circular cylinders, respectively.
PROCESS INTENSIFICATION FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM AMMONIA
Authors: Izurieta Eduardo , Pedernera Marisa , López Eduardo
Published: January 2023

Ammonia is presented as one of the main carriers for the transport and storage of hydrogen under mild conditions. In this context, the present work introduces the integration and intensification of an ultrapure hydrogen production process from ammonia as a feedstock. A production scale is set to satisfy the requirements of a typical hydrogen refueling station (200 kgH2/day). A multifunctional shell-and-tube reactor is designed to carry out the ammonia cracking reaction. The system operates at a moderate pressure (8 bar) and in a temperature range for the ammonia decomposition reaction between 300 °C and 650 °C. Total ammonia conversion is achieved due to the chemical equilibrium shift by H2 extraction through the incorporation of 100 % selective membranes. The Pd-Ag membranes provide a recovery of about 86 % of the hydrogen produced. The remaining hydrogen (i.e., the non-permeated stream) is catalytically combusted representing the only source of heat of the entire process.
Cu/SiO2 CATALYSTS OBTAINED BY CATIONIC ADSORPTION FROM DIFFERENT PRECURSOR SALTS
Authors: Tagua Débora Belén , Alvarez-Zurbano Esteban , Gómez-Largo Paula Marcela , Barbero Bibiana
Published: January 2023

In this work the effect of different copper precursor salts (acetate, nitrate, sulfate) on the physicochemical characteristics of Cu/SiO2 catalysts is studied. The catalysts were prepared by the cationic adsorption method and analyzed by several characterization techniques (TGA, DSC, FTIR, XRD, AAS, SEM-EDS, N2-sorptometry and TPR). The results showed that the copper acetate precursor generated highly dispersed nano-sized copper oxide species on the silica surface, while the copper nitrate precursor leaded to bulk-type copper oxide strongly interacting with the silica, and the copper sulfate precursor did not decompose completely during the catalyst preparation. Besides, the acetate precursor produced the highest copper content, due to lower acidity of its solution, which generated a higher density of negative charge on the silica surface and a higher affinity for cupric ions. In conclusion, the great influence of the nature of the precursor salt on the physicochemical characteristics of silica-supported copper catalysts is established.
ANALYSIS OF CATALYTIC BEHAVIOR OF RHENIUM PROMOTED PT/TIO2 CATALYST IN ERYTHRITOL HYDROGENOLYSIS
Authors: Virgilio Emanuel , Padró Cristina Liliana , Sad María Eugenia
Published: January 2023

Rhenium modified Pt/TiO2 catalyst has been tested during erythritol (ERY) hydrogenolysis reaction in a slurry reactor. N2 physisorption, temperature programmed reduction and CO chemisorption characterizations were performed. After reduction treatment, Pt species were fully reduced with a dispersion of 26% whereas Re species remained partially oxidized. ERY may convert through four pathways: isomerization, dehydration and C-O or C-C hydrogenolysis. Pt-Re/TiO2 was active and selective to butanetriols and butanediols formation. The influence of temperature (423–498 K) and reactant concentrations (15-35 barH2 and 0.2-0.6 MERY) on catalytic activity and products distribution were evaluated; the activation energy and the reaction orders for each route were estimated. Dehydration pathway displayed the highest activation energy whereas isomerization showed the lowest value. The order to ERY and H2 were 0.23 and 0.97 respectively, for C-O hydrogenolysis route and is consistent with two different mechanisms proposed for the removal of primary or secondary OH group.
G-C3N4/TIO2 NANOCOMPOSITES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN PHOTOCATALYTIC CO2 REDUCTION: A MINIREVIEW
Authors: Pizzio Luis , Manrique-Holguín Manuela , Rengifo-Herrera Julián Andrés , Alvear-Daza John Jairo
Published: January 2023

g-C3N4/TiO2 nanocomposites seem to be promising materials for photocatalytic reductive applications such as water splitting and CO2 reduction. The g-C3N4 is known as a metal-free semiconductor exhibiting a high reductive conduction band (CB) (-1.3 V vs. NHE) and visible light absorption (Eg =2.7 eV), while TiO2 is the most popular photocatalyst. However, both semiconductors show high electron/hole recombination, and in the case of TiO2, lack of visible light absorption. Both problems could be overcome by designing type II heterojunctions or a direct Z-scheme between g-C3N4 and TiO2. These strategies make these composites suitable for CO2 photocatalytic reduction and solar fuel production. Herein, the main aspects related to photocatalytic CO2 reduction in aqueous media to obtain solar fuels such as methane and methanol, synthesis of g-C3N4/TiO2 nanocomposites, and their reactivity will be addressed and reviewed.
STUDY OF ACID CATALYSTS IN THE GLYCEROL ETHERIFICATION WITH BENZYL ALCOHOL
Authors: Andrea Merlo  , Casella Mónica , Chiosso María Eugenia
Published: January 2023

Glycerol (Gly) is the major by-product of the biodiesel production (approximately 10 wt.%). There are different research focusing on developing glycerol utilization to produce value-added chemicals. One of them is the etherification with alcohols in the presence of acidic catalysts. In the present work, the catalytic behaviour of SiO2-based system functionalized with heteropolyacids (HPA: H3O40PW12.xH2O) was studied in the etherification of Gly with benzyl alcohol (BA). The solids were impregnated with different solutions of a HPA (28, 35 and 40%) and characterized. Very good catalytic performance was achieved (94% conversion and 78% of selectivity to ME1: 3-benzyloxy-1, 2-propanediol) after 360 min of reaction, at 120°C and Gly: BA= 3:1, with 10 wt.% of SiO2-HPA35. This system was compared with functionalized carbon-based catalysts (Cst-SO3H and Ccs-SO3H) and it was observed that the results were similar, conversion over 90% and selectivity between 70 -80% to some of the desired products (ME1).
REMEDIATION OF WATER CONTAMINATED WITH NITRATE. DEVELOPMENT OF A CONTINUOUS ADSORPTION/CATALYSIS SYSTEM
Authors: Peroni María Belén , Michelena Leandro , Martínez Andrea , Fernández Mariela , Barbero Bibiana , Casella Mónica , Jaworski María
Published: January 2023

The elimination of NO3- from water was studied using PdCu structured catalysts prepared on cordierite monoliths coated with Al2O3. The influence of the source of alumina to coat the nude monoliths and the method of preparation of PdCu catalyst was evaluated. The adherence of the Al2O3 on the monoliths was carried out by washcoating using two different suspensions 1) an alumina suspension prepared in the laboratory, and 2) a commercial bohemite colloidal suspension. With bohemite suspension, higher alumina mass gain and better adherence were obtained. No difference was found in the reduction of NO3- with the catalyst preparation method (PdCu or CuPd). The adsorption of NO3- was studied using the montmorillonite clay modified with hexadecyltetraethylammonium mixed with sea sand in a column filtration system. The NO3- was desorbed from the column and the concentrated NO3- was satisfactory removed using PdCu structured catalyst. The adsorption/catalysis combination system used in this work is a promising technology for the treatment of water contaminated with NO3- because it allows to regenerate the adsorption column and to eliminate NO3-.
Vinotherapy in cosmetology – the importance of cosmetic materials obtained from grapevines and wine
Authors:   Zakład Biochemii i Podstaw Kosmetologii, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Krakowie, Piotrowska Anna , Gardżała Emilia ,   Koło Naukowe przy Zakładzie Biochemii i Podstaw Kosmetologii, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Krakowie, Grodecka Anna ,   Indywidualna Praktyka Lekarska Anna Grodecka
Published: January 2023

Viticulture and wine production are indispensable elements of Europe’s cultural and civilizational identity. The study aimed to characterize raw materials obtained from the common grape vine Vitis vinifera L., their use in cosmetology, and the presentation of vinotherapy as an interesting, cosmetically useful approach to utilize wine in body care and human well-being improvement. In Poland, vinotherapy treatments are becoming a popular supplement to the offer of SPA and wellness centres.
From sonar to ultrasound examination of the skin - development and characterization of the method
Authors:   Health and beauty „Malina-med”, Malinowska Sylwia , Mlosek Robert Krzysztof ,   Laboratory of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw
Published: January 2023

The development of aesthetic medicine and cosmetology procedures has resulted in an increase in the number of complications and adverse events. Specialists performing exertions in this area more and more often raise the necessity of better and more reliable skin diagnostics at the highest available level, which contributes to the safety of treatments as well as reduces the number of complications. A diagnostic method that allows objective and non-invasively images of individual layers of the skin is high-frequency ultrasound. The aim of the study was to present the current scope of knowledge on ultrasound examination of the skin based on the available literature. Subsequently, the development of the method, the physical basis for the formation of the ultrasound image, the types of apparatus and probes used in skin examinations, the ultrasound image of the skin, and the parameters that can be assessed are discussed. As the analysis of the literature and the authors’ own experience showed, high-frequency ultrasound examinations in the field of aesthetic medicine and cosmetology may find a wider application.
IMPACT OF THE DISPOSAL AND UTILIZATION OF WUPA WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT SLUDGE ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Francis S. E. , Ndububa O. I.
Published: January 2023

The complete management of waste arising from various human activities due to increasing urbanization and industrialization puts the environment in danger of pollution, as it translates to waste generation that must be treated and disposed of. Wupa Wastewater Treatment Plant with a design capacity of 131,000 m3/day (dry weather inflow) was conceived to treat the domestic wastewater generated from the Federal Capital City of Abuja. The effects of sludge disposal and reuse on the environment were determined. Questionnaires were physically self-administered in printed copies to the staff of the Wupa treatment plant, Aviation farm staff, and residents of the Wupa community, sludge samples were taken from the disposal bed, and water samples were taken from the River and Dug wells closest to the disposal bed, and places of reuse for physiochemical analysis in a laboratory. The chemical parameters of the samples were statistically analysed and the results showed that turbidity presented a mean value of 8.60NTU, as well as a significate concentration of Nitrate 8.23mg/l, and cadmium (0.05mg/l). Test of variance shows a significant difference in the values of sulphate and Nitrate (0.028 and 0.03 respectively) compared with the World Health Organization guidelines for natural surface and groundwater. Findings showed that of the 547.2 tons of the sludge produced annually 90.28% is disposed at the plants’ sludge bed, 9% is used for agriculture, and 0.8% is used by research institutions, meaning utilization is very minimal. Land applications and disposal are environmentally safe as chemical parameters are significantly below the FEPA guidelines, but there is a higher concentration of Nitrate that makes the sludge unsafe to discharge to water bodies or heavily applied to lands with high water Tables as it can cause nutrients leachate. Finally, the overall impact evaluation of disposal and utilization of the sludge has only about 12% negative impact in the immediate environment of disposal and use
Die Urteilspublikation gehört ins E-Justice-Gesetz
Authors: Adrian Rufener, Claudia Schreiber Daniel Hürlimann, Sébastien Fanti, Christian Laux,
Published: January 2023

Obwohl die elektronische Urteilspublikation ein zentrales Element von E-Justice ist, fehlt im Entwurf für ein Bundesgesetz über die Plattform für die elektronische Kommunikation in der Justiz eine Regelung dazu. Nachdem eine im ZPO-Vorentwurf enthaltene Bestimmung mit dem Argument verworfen wurde, dass die Frage nicht nur das Zivilverfahren betreffe, erscheint es naheliegend, die Thematik im E-Justice-Gesetz aufzunehmen. Die AutorInnen des vorliegenden Beitrags formulieren einen konkreten Vorschlag.
Der Beruf des Journalisten zwischen Freiheit und Verantwortung
Authors: Morresi Enrico
Published: January 2023

Vor 50 Jahren verabschiedete der Verein Schweizer Presse (heute Impressum) die Erklärung der Pflichten und Rechte der Journalistinnen und Journalisten, den medienethischen Kompass, über den der vor 45 Jahren geschaffene Schweizer Presserat wacht. Aus Anlass dieser Jubiläen hat der Tessiner Publizist Enrico Morresi eine Art Festschrift verfasst mit dem Titel «L’autodisciplina della professione giornalistica in Svizzera (1972-2022)». Medialex publiziert das erste Kapitel des 120-seitigen Buches (ins Deutsche übersetzt), das sich mit dem Spannungsfeld zwischen journalistischer Freiheit und Verantwortung auseinandersetzt und den Wandel der Rolle der Massenmedien in der heutigen Gesellschaft erörtert.