bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Information seeking criteria: artificial intelligence, economics, psychology, and neuroscience
Authors: Nakamura Kiyohiko
Published: April 2021

There has been an enormous amount of interest in how the brain seeks information. The study of this issue is a rapidly growing field in neuroscience. Information seeking is to make informative choices among multiple alternatives. A central issue in information seeking is how the value of information is assessed in order to choose informative alternatives. This issue has been studied in psychology, economics, and artificial intelligence. The present review is focused on information assessment and summarizes the psychological and computational criteria with which humans and computers assess information. Based on the summary, neurophysiological findings are discussed. In addition, a computational view of the relationships between these criteria is presented.
Nitroimidazoles Part 9. Synthesis, molecular docking, and anticancer evaluations of piperazine-tagged imidazole derivatives
Authors: Al-Soud Yaseen A. , Al-Ahmad Ala’a H. , Abu-Qatouseh Luay , Shtaiwi Amneh , Alhelal Kafa’ A. S. , Al-Suod Hossam H. , Alsawakhneh Sondos O. , Al-Qawasmeh Raed A.
Published: April 2021

New piperazine-tagged imidazole derivatives were synthesized via reaction of 1-alkyl/aryl-5-bromo-2-alkyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazoles 1–3 with piperazine nucleophiles. Nine selected compounds were assessed for their antiproliferative inhibition potency against five human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, PC3, Du145, HepG2 and Dermal/Fibroblast). Compounds 7 and 10 are the most potent anticancer agents on HepG2 cell line with IC50 values of (5.6 ± 0.5 µm) and (29.6 ± 7.6 µm) respectively, and on MCF-7 with IC50 values of (32.1 ± 5.6 µm) and (46.2 ± 8.2 µm) respectively. The molecular docking of compounds 7 and 10 has been studied, and the results reveal that the newly designed piperazine-tagged imidazole derivatives bind to the hydrophobic pocket and polar contact with high affinity.
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and in silico study of some novel benzocoumarin-chalcone-bearing aryl ester derivatives and benzocoumarin-derived arylamide analogs
Authors: Abdul-Ridha Nabeel A. , Salmaan Afraah D. , Sabah Rita , Saeed Bahjat , Al-Masoudi Najim A.
Published: April 2021

The development of new prostate cancer protein receptor cytochrome P450 17A1 inhibitors offers the possibility of generating structures of increased potency. To this end, the chalcone analogs 7 and 8 were prepared from treatment of methyl 3-oxo-3H-benzocoumarin-2-carboxylate (4) with aryl aldehydes. Treatment of 7 and 8 with three anti-inflammatory drugs, flurbiprofen, ketoprofen and ibuprofen, in the presence of POCl3/DMAP gave the ester analogs 9–12. Analogously, treatment of ethyl 3-oxo-3H-benzocoumarin-2-carboxylate (15), prepared previously from 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (13) and dimethylmalonate (14), with various arylamines: 4-bromoaniline, 2-amino-6-methylpyridine, amino-antipyrine and 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole, in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide gave the benzocoumarine-3-arylamide analogs. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of 9–12 and 16–19 were evaluated against human prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3) and normal human liver epithelia (WRL-68) by MTT assay. Compounds 10 and 17 were the most active cytotoxic agents among the series against PC-3 cells with IC50 values of 71.35 and 78.25 μg mL–1 with SI values of 3.0 and 4.2, respectively (calculated from the cytotoxicity effects of 10 and 17 on the normal human liver epithelia [WRL-68]). Furthermore, compounds 11 and 12 were tested against breast cancer (HER2 cell lines), prostate cancer (DU-135 cell lines) and MCF-7 but were inactive. Molecular docking studies between the protein receptor CYPP450 17A1 and compounds 10 and 17 revealed that these compounds primarily form hydrophobic interactions with the receptor.
Prototipo de una etapa de potencia para estimulación bimodal enfocada en rehabilitación de miembro superior
Authors: Hernandez popo Jonadab Ignacio , Leyva Gutierrez Alejandro Emilio , Martínez Méndez Rigoberto
Published: April 2021

En pacientes con la enfermedad vascular cerebral (EVC) la discapacidad motriz es la secuela más común, compleja y difícil de rehabilitar. La estimulación eléctrica funcional (EEF) y la estimulación eléctrica medular (EEM) se encuentran entre las técnicas más prometedoras en la rehabilitación motora. Sin embargo, en su forma de aplicación actual, presentan la desventaja de requerir intervenciones invasivas (cirugías para la colocación de electrodos). Este trabajo describe el diseño y desarrollo de un prototipo para un estimulador no invasivo capaz de realizar EEF mediante el uso de pulsos bipolares y EEM mediante el uso de corriente continua. El objetivo final del prototipo es servir como herramienta para realizar investigación sobre una nueva terapia de rehabilitación en extremidades superiores utilizando EEF y EEM. En este artículo, se presentan las pruebas que permiten concluir que el sistema desarrollado es útil para realizar estimulaciones no invasivas, ya que es capaz de entregar de 0 mA a 200 mA pico-pico, con duración de pulso de 0 μs a 500 μs y un rango de frecuencia de 0 Hz a 150 Hz, características con las que no cuenta ningún otro estimulador actualmente y que son requeridas para este tipo de estimulación.
Effect of Axial Load-Dependent Deformation Rate on the Grain Size Distribution and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Processed Copper
Authors: Rajendran Anbukkarasi , Nadammal Naresh , Singh Kuldeep , Kailas Satish V.
Published: April 2021

During friction stir processing (FSP), the combination of rotation and movement of the tool leads to frictional heat generation and plastic deformation at the tool-material contact surface, leading to a microstructurally refined formation region. The deformation rate in the material can be altered by varying the axial load by increasing or decreasing the tool’s plunging depth. In the present study, FSP was carried out on a pure copper plate of 3-mm thickness by varying the plunge depth from 2.3 to 2.6 mm for a tool pin length of 2.4 mm. The microstructure of the processed samples was studied by optical microscopy, and the grain size was measured by the linear intercept method. Tensile testing was carried out perpendicular to the processing direction. The grain size distribution was narrower at low axial loads and wider at the higher axial loads, measured between 1 and 120 µm. At higher axial loads, microstructure consisted of bands indicative of the heterogeneity in the deformation. The formation of bands at higher axial loads leads to improved mechanical properties. The ductility of the processed materials at higher axial loads was 16%, which was four times the increase observed at lower axial loads (4%). The formation of a bi-modal microstructure (alternating layers of fine and coarse grains) at high axial load enhanced the processed materials’ strength and ductility.
Correlation or regression, that’s the question
Authors: le Cessie Saskia , Groenwold Rolf H H , Dekkers Olaf M
Published: April 2021

There are different ways to quantify the relation between two or more continuous variables. Some researchers use correlation coefficients; others will apply regression methods such as linear regression. In this paper, we show that the choice between correlation and regression is not purely a statistical one but largely depends on the research aims. Importantly, one should always inspect the data before using either of the two methods.
Sexual Harassment Discourse in News Portal delfi.lt: 2017-2018
Authors: Stundžė Lijana
Published: April 2021

The definition of sexual harassment is mostly based on its legal regulation and is stated to be one of the forms of discrimination based on sex. However, such designation does not reveal social, psychological, economic, etc. sides of this phenomenon. Therefore, this article pays a lot of attention to the analysis of the phenomenon of sexual harassment, based on the insights of Lithuanian and foreign scientists, examines its forms, causes, consequences, and provides statistical information. As there are no scientific insights into the representation of sexual harassment in the media in Lithuania, research insights from foreign researchers are presented. This article presents an exploratory study of the representation of sexual harassment on the news portal delfi.lt, conducted during the analysis of 2017- 2018 publications. The aim of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of the representation of sexual harassment on the delfi.lt news portal. The research found that the topic of sexual harassment appears on the news portal only in the context of certain events, in this case the #metoo movement; there is a lack of analytical publications that would cover a broader context than the statement of facts; the experience of potential victims is presented as an individual problem.
The Cypriotization of Beethoven or Beethoven’s Cypriotization: The Composer’s Traces Throughout the Foundation of the “Westernized” Cypriot Music Scene
Authors: Petroudi Georgia
Published: April 2021

The focus of this paper is the reception of Ludwig van Beethoven’s works at the turn of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, from the establishment of symphony orchestras and other cultural institutions. These works include symphonic and chamber music, performed in the framework of symphonic concerts as presented by the Cyprus Symphony Orchestra and chamber music as presented by chamber music festivals. This paper will shine a light onto the preserved concert programs of the orchestras, as well as other concerts that can be traced in newspapers and other printed magazines, in order to demonstrate how Beethoven’s compositions became part of the concert programming. The rapid but simultaneously abrupt growth of the cultural scene in the twentieth century, was interweaved with what kind of compositions and what composers could be included in concert programs, taking into consideration the restrictions that governed large performances such as performers’ numbers and the diversity of instrumental players, who would support the staging of certain works. The reception of Beethoven’s works is studied in the changing local political, historical, social and cultural context.
New forms of masculinity in Western films: The end of the Marlboro Man?
Authors: Blanco-Herrero David , Rodríguez-Contreras Laura , Gutiérrez-San-Miguel Begoña
Published: April 2021

Westerns are one of the most masculine and stereotypical of film genres. In a social and film context where gender equality is increasingly important, it is worth looking at the evolution of the genre in recent years. Especially because, as André Bazin said, the Western is “cinema par excellence” (1966) and its analysis allows a reflection on cinema itself. Taking the figure of the Marlboro Man as a prototype, this study carries out an analysis of three selected case studies: Brokeback Mountain, Jane Got a Gun and Godless, two films and a miniseries with main characters that do not follow heteronormative masculinity. Ang Lee’s work broke new ground not only in Westerns but also in industrial cinema by making homosexuality visible, while Gavin O’Connor’s showed the possibility of a woman playing the leading role in a classic Western. The miniseries produced by Netflix combines both by giving leading roles to female characters, some of them gay, while reflecting on homosexuality. It was noted that the portrayal of masculinity in Western films remains valid in all three cases, but it allows women and homosexuals to access leading roles, often by acquiring typically masculine attributes.
Uses and gratifications of multiscreen news consumption among Spanish youth
Authors: Cuesta-Cambra Ubaldo , Niño-González José-Ignacio , De-Marchis Giorgio
Published: April 2021

This paper aims to describe how Spanish youth use multiscreen in a news search context, and what are the gratifications they obtain through this multichannel model. A survey was responded by a panel of 441 individuals representative of the national population in an 18-35 age range. Five gratifications were found: the desire to obtain “information in real time,” “social interaction,” “comprehension,” “leisure,” and “habit.” The desire to obtain “information in real time” predicts multiscreen use behavior when searching for news. Moreover, three factors are relevant when predicting the duration of multiscreen use: “information in real time,” “social interaction,” and “leisure.”
Political Iconography and Emotions in Electoral Campaigns: A Communicative Approach
Authors: Egea-Medrano Manuel-Alejandro , Garrido-Rubia Antonio , Rojo-Martínez José-Miguel
Published: April 2021

The authors of this work believe that the fact that political iconography can influence reality and intervene in actual events -sometimes by using reinvented motifs and visual narratives from previous iconographic sources, after Warburg’s Pathosformel fashion–, is of utmost importance in political campaigns. In modern electoral campaigns, the use of visual themes that represent different emotions constitutes a clear link with the use of pathos in current political communication. From the perspective of political communication, this work analyses the use of iconography in modern electoral campaigns. In doing so, we trace a link between Warburg’s concept of the pathos formula and the use of different motifs of pathos developed in modern electoral campaigns. Electoral communication uses images linked to emotions such as enthusiasm, hope, fear and identity, which in this paper are studied from a database of posters and electoral spots from recent Spanish campaigns. The study also makes reference to visual motifs of pathos aimed at activating these emotions in the voters in different comparative campaigns and in electoral propaganda.
Audiovisual Production by the Contemporary European Extreme Right: Filmic Inheritances and Intertexts to Spread the Hate
Authors: Rodríguez-Serrano Aarón , García-Catalán Shaila , Martín-Núñez Marta
Published: April 2021

This article analyses the narrative techniques of major far-right political parties in contemporary Europe, based on their promotional videos on YouTube. It argues that the construction of their discourse is based mainly on cinematic references that connect with both the post-modern epic and the propaganda machinery of the Third Reich. Their visual motifs are thus positioned on two intertextual axes: post-classical cinema and Nazi propaganda. To support this hypothesis, a qualitative methodology of discourse analysis is applied, with special emphasis on the textual analysis of both formal features (staging, framing, and editing) and thematic content (the political messages conveyed). After offering a brief outline of the current state of the dissemination of right-wing extremist messages on YouTube, the article examines a sample of 53 of the most important institutional videos by the 12 far-right parties that have been most successful in their respective national elections. The results confirm that their visual motifs evoke three of the most characteristic fields of signification of the extreme right: the construction of the leader, the idea of nation, and the creation of an external enemy. In all three cases, a series of images is used with the aim of both captivating the audience with historical-military references and appropriating stylistic features from the nationalist iconography of the Heimat, which inspired many of the UFA films of the Nazi era.
The representation of the Spanish Crown in the public sphere through institutional acts
Authors: Pulido-Polo Marta , Sánchez-González Mª-Dolores-del-Mar , Luque-Crespo Lola
Published: April 2021

The main objective of this work is to analyse how the representation in the public sphere of the Crown and the Head of the Spanish State is managed towards public opinion through public, official, and unofficial institutional acts, as reported by the House of H. M. the King. To answer the research questions contained in this objective, a quantitative methodological design based on content analysis is carried out (Krippendorff, 2002). This is applied to a corpus of the 996 public, official, and unofficial acts, contained in the web institution of the House of H. M. the King, between 2015 and 2019, for its subsequent computer processing with SPSS statistical software. Through the concept of intramethod triangulation, a qualitative analysis is applied in an auxiliary way to answer RQ3. The results show not only that the presence of the Royal Family, in the acts observed, contributes towards the public staging of its constitutional functions, but also that there is a map of specific audiences on which the Royal House projects pertinent legitimising messages (regarding the Crown and the Head of State) based on perceived social demands. This confirms the existence of a dialogical communication system, supported by a strategic conception of Crown-society relations, which is resolved mainly through ceremonial acts.
Can I Stick to My Guns? Motivated Reasoning and Biased Processing of Balanced Political Information
Authors: Brenes-Peralta Carlos , Wojcieszak Magdalena , Lelkes Yphtach
Published: April 2021

News media offer balanced political messages and many citizens also seek content that presents two sides of a political issue. Despite this supply and demand, most work on information processing tests exposure to one-sided content, i.e., either pro- or counter-attitudinal. We advance this work by studying (1) how balanced and one-sided messages affect information processing; (2) whether the processing of balanced information is moderated by individual motivations; and (3) the impact of balanced exposure on attitude polarization. Using an online experiment (N = 677), we primed either accuracy or defensive motivation and examined how participants processed information about two distinct issues (i.e., climate change and Syrian refugees). On both issues, participants were less biased in response to balanced content, compared to one-sided content. In addition, defensive and accuracy motivated people processed balanced content in a similar manner. Furthermore, pro-attitudinal content polarized individual attitudes, but not balanced content, and this effect was not moderated by motivation.
How the Internet has changed participation: Exploring distinctive preconditions of online activism
Authors: Kopacheva Elizaveta
Published: April 2021

The continuously growing number of people participating in Internet-based, online, political activism suggests that the latter has the potential to replace offline forms of unconventional political participation in the future. If that is the case, it is essential to understand the nature and objectives of such type of participation. This article addresses the question of distinctive preconditions of online activism. As a result of the mixed-effect logistic regression analysis of the European Social Survey data, it was found that online activism contrasts with other unconventional types of political participation in respect to the effect of social trust. It is suggested that the key differences between the preconditions of online and offline forms of participation may speak in favour of several phenomena. First of all, it is proposed that social networking services (SNSs) managed to create an illusion of directness of political participation. Secondly, new groups of people with the lower risk preferences may be recruited into online political action. Lastly, groups that do not believe in the effectiveness of political participation or that have other motives, such as a search for attention, may be more likely to participate online. The results call for further research on how SNSs reshape how people understand political engagement and how they want to be involved.
Child behavior during the social distancing in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Paiva Eny Dórea , Silva Luciana Rodrigues da , Machado Maria Estela Diniz , Aguiar Rosane Cordeiro Burla de , Garcia Karina Rangel da Silva , Acioly Paloma Gonçalves Martins
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the daily activities performed by children from 6 to 12 years of age incomplete and analyze children’s behavior during social distancing in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study with children in a learning stage living in Brazil. The data were collected via online form. Fisher’s exact test was applied to analyze the association of categorical variables with child behavior; when significant, it was used the odds ratio. It was considered results considered statistically significant those presenting values of p < 0.05. Results: Data from 530 children were analyzed: 50.3% female, 71.3% from the Southeast Region, 73% in fulltime social distancing, 52% presented anxiety, which was significantly associated with changes in sleep and appetite. Conclusion: The results indicate the need for parents/caretakers to stimulate moments for the child to express themselves, not minimizing their feelings and providing emotional support to mitigate the negative impact of these feelings on the child’s mental and physical health.
Factors associated with anxiety in multiprofessional health care residents during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dantas Eder Samuel Oliveira , Araújo Filho João de Deus de , Silva Glauber Weder dos Santos , Silveira Maria Yohana Matias , Dantas Marianny Nayara Paiva , Meira Karina Cardoso
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with anxiety among multiprofessional health residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted in July 2020 with multiprofessional health residents (n = 67) from a university hospital. We used the Beck Anxiety Inventory to assess anxiety. Analyzing data through the chi-square test, likelihood ratio, and multiple analysis using Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: The proportion of moderate/severe anxiety was 31.3%, which showed significant association with working in sectors involving COVID-19 and directly with suspected/confirmed cases of COVID-19. During the multiple analysis, we found prevalence of anxiety in participants who needed psychological support after entering their residence and those who used psychotropic meds. Conclusion: The results seem to indicate that residents had their mental health impaired during the pandemic, but the maintenance of the variables in the model also suggests that they sought help to control anxiety.
Online information related to childhood cancer and COVID-19 pandemic: a thematic analysis
Authors: Wernet Monika , Silveira Aline Oliveira , Cunha Mariana Lucas Rocha , Dias Patrícia Luciana Moreira , Cossul Marisa Utzig , Vieira Aretuza Cruz
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze online information available on the internet about COVID-19 and childhood cancer and discuss its reach potential with regard to supporting family functioning. Method: Documentary research supported by thematic analysis and the concept of family functioning and support. A total of 27 publications available on the websites of reference institutions in pediatric oncology, from March 1 to May 31, 2020, were analyzed. Results: Two themes guided the presentation of results with emphasis on language and sustainability assumptions to content, and to conveyed meanings and intentionality. The publications prospect families/people with basic knowledge about COVID-19 and have little information specific to the relationship with childhood cancer. Final considerations: Threatening circumstances require informational support. This study revealed incipient of specificity and a prescriptive tone in the online information available in early times of the pandemic, questioning the scope of support for family functioning.
Numerical Climatic Analysis of Soybean Development in Sowing Dates in Humid Subtropical Climate
Authors: Bortoluzzi Mateus Possebon , Heldwein Arno Bernardo , Trentin Roberto , Maldaner Ivan Carlos , Silva Jocélia Rosa da , Nied Astor Henrique
Published: April 2021

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the mean duration and the interannual variability of phenological subperiods and total soybean development cycle for 11 sowing dates in the humid subtropical climate conditions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Daily meteorological data were used from 1971 to 2017 obtained from the Pelotas agroclimatological station and from 1968 to 2017 from the main climatological station of Santa Maria. The soybean development simulation was performed considering three sets of cultivars of relative maturity groups between 5.9-6.8, 6.9-7.3 and 7.4-8.0, with intervals between the sowing dates of approximately 10 days, comprising September, 21 to December, 31. The data of phenological subperiods duration and total development cycle were subjected to the exploratory analysis BoxPlot, analysis of variance and mean comparison by the Scott-Knott test, with 5% of probability. The development cycle duration is greater in Pelotas than in Santa Maria. There was a decrease in soybean cycle duration from the first to the last sowing date for both locations. The R1-R5 subperiod duration is decreasing from October to December due to photoperiod reduction.
Working Memory Capacity For Faces With Different Levels of Emotional Valence
Authors: Rodrigues Airton , Cavallet Mikael , Galera Cesar Alexis
Published: April 2021

Abstract The capacity of visual working memory (VWM) depends on the complexity of the stimuli being processed. Emotional characteristics increase stimulus complexity and can interfere with the competition for cognitive resources. Studies involving emotional information processing are scarce and still produce contradicting results. In the present study, we investigated the capacity of VWM for faces with positive, negative, and neutral expressions. A modified change-detection task was used in two experiments, in which the number of faces and the emotional valence were manipulated. The results showed that VWM has a storage capacity of approximately two faces, which is fewer than the storage capacity identified for simpler stimuli. Our results reinforce the evidence that working memory can dynamically distribute its storage resources depending on both the amount and the emotional nature of the stimuli.
Violência Interpessoal e suas Repercussões na Saúde em um Hospital de Pronto-Socorro
Authors: Fiorini Vanessa Russi , Boeckel Mariana Gonçalves
Published: April 2021

Resumo A violência é um fenômeno multicausal, complexo, heterogêneo e uma questão de saúde pública. Quando ocorre na esfera interpessoal, deve ser compreendida como um evento biopsicossocial, causando graves repercussões. No Brasil, diante do atual cenário de violência, propôs-se a implementação do Sistema de Vigilância de Violências e Acidentes, objetivando o mapeamento e prevenção do fenômeno por ato notificatório. Com metodologia descritivo-transversal e coleta retrospectiva de dados, este estudo realizou levantamento de frequência e análises de associação. Constatou-se que a violência física foi a mais notificada e a mais relacionada às internações. Os atendimentos psicológicos atingiram um baixo índice de ocorrência, contrapondo a grande quantidade de encaminhamentos de saúde mental realizados. A arma de fogo apareceu como um dos principais meios de perpetração. Esses resultados, junto à constatação de uma morosidade existente no ato de notificar, evidenciam a gravidade do tema e a relevância de estudos nessa área.
False reports of an accomplice in a crime scene: conformity effects on memory confidence and accuracy
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Faucz Pereira e , Jaeger Antonio
Published: April 2021

Abstract The memory reports of a given individual may be altered by preceding memory reports of another individual, a phenomenon termed memory conformity. To investigate this phenomenon, 58 undergraduate students were separated in two groups which watched one of two slightly different movies of a crime scene (one included an accomplice). Subsequently, pairs containing one participant from each group discussed the movie, and then participants responded individually whether there was an accomplice in the scene. The frequency of false reports and their confidence for the presence/absence of the accomplice were analyzed. Only false reports of seeing an accomplice were produced (by 31% of those who saw no accomplice), and confidence were as high for these responses as for correct “no-accomplice” responses. The data is consistent with prior findings, and show that confidence on false reports can be high when involving “insertion” of elements to witnessed events.
Validity Evidence of the Team Psychological Safety Survey
Authors: Ramalho Maria Cecília Koehne , Porto Juliana Barreiros
Published: April 2021

Abstract The objective of this study was to adapt and investigate validity evidence for the Team Psychological Safety Survey for Brazil and to test its feasibility to emerge at the team level. A sample of 8,310 female workers answered the scale. Initial analyses indicated the single-factor solution fitness, with Cronbach’s alpha = 0.84. Confirmatory factor analysis model obtained good fitness coefficients, CFI = 0.995, RMSEA = 0.07. Emersion was viable due to group variance identified by and ICC calculations. The hypothesis stated that psychological safety correlates with perceived organizational practices and that differences exist between men and women’s practices. Findings support that the good practices positively related to psychological safety, with differences between gender, while a negative relationship with bad practices was partially confirmed. A quadratic trend was identified between organizational status and psychological safety. Results provide validity evidence for the survey for samples of Brazilian women.
UMA ANÁLISE EMPÍRICA DOS TRIBUNAIS DE CONTAS BRASILEIROS: CAPACIDADES E DESEMPENHO
Authors: Puccioni Felipe Galvão
Published: April 2021

Resumo Este artigo busca, por meio de análise empírica, responder à seguinte questão: as características institucionais dos Tribunais de Contas, conforme definidas na Constituição Federal de 1988, influenciam seu desempenho? A resposta foi alcançada por meio do método estatístico dos mínimos quadrados, em que se analisou a relação entre a performance e as capacidades desses órgãos autônomos. A atuação foi medida pelas variáveis: número de processos julgados; quantidade de fiscalizações in loco; valor das multas e ressarcimentos; e percentual de rejeição das contas de governo. E as capacidades por: orçamento em 2015, total de funcionários, percentual de efetivos, existência de Ministros/Conselheiros substitutos e Procuradores do Ministério Público de Contas (ambos providos por concurso), e de Ministros/Conselheiros advindos dessas carreiras. Os dados foram coletados diretamente dos Tribunais de Contas por meio da Lei de Acesso à Informação. O artigo, na busca por uma abordagem mais realista dos Tribunais de Contas, também apresenta críticas importantes a estudos anteriores. Apesar do grande foco de discussões para aprimoramento dos Tribunais de Contas no Brasil girar em torno das indicações de Ministros e Conselheiros, o estudo indica que outro fator, negligenciado nos debates, está diretamente associado a um aumento da produtividade e da independência das Cortes de Contas, qual seja, o percentual de agentes públicos advindos de concurso público.
Comissão Própria de Avaliação - CPA: sua atuação na construção do diálogo entre comunidade acadêmica e direção da IES
Authors: Brito Renato de Oliveira , Guilherme Alexandre Anselmo , Córdoba Luiz César , Campos Alessandra Freire Magalhães de
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo, baseado em pesquisa exploratória de natureza quali-quanti realizada em centros universitários privados do DF, busca investigar a efetividade da Comissão Própria de Avaliação na construção do processo dialógico entre a comunidade acadêmica e a direção das IES. Propõe-se a aproximação entre o conceito do diálogo ao papel da autoavaliação institucional conduzida pela CPA. Os resultados apontam que, dentro da concepção emancipatória e sistêmica de avaliação proposta pelo SINAES, a atuação da CPA pode construir vinculação entre os instrumentos de informação e o planejamento estratégico das IES.
Perfil dos estudantes de graduação entre 2001 e 2015: uma revisão
Authors: Oliveira Ana Luíza Matos de
Published: April 2021

Em uma perspectiva multidimensional quanto à desigualdade, o artigo objetiva verificar se a literatura e as bases de dados comumente utilizadas permitem identificar uma democratização do acesso à educação superior entre 2001 e 2015 e se há alguma lacuna nos estudos que analisam o perfil dos estudantes de graduação no período. O artigo é composto por introdução, revisão da literatura, panorama dos principais bancos de dados e pesquisas realizadas sobre o perfil dos estudantes e finaliza identificando possíveis lacunas e agendas de pesquisa futuras. Conclui-se que a literatura aponta uma democratização do perfil dos estudantes, mas falta uma comparação anual dos estudantes do setor público e privado conjuntamente quanto a cor/raça, renda e região, que poderia ser construída a partir da PNAD.
Strategies to support health professionals in the condition of second victim: scoping review
Authors: Quadrado Ellen Regina Sevilla , Tronchin Daisy Maria Rizatto , Maia Flávia de Oliveira Motta
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To map and analyze the knowledge produced about strategies aimed at promoting support to health professionals in the condition of second victim. Method: Scoping review, developed in portals, databases and academic websites, whose inclusion criteria were articles and materials indexed in the respective search sites, between January 2000 and December 2019, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The findings were summarized and analyzed based on descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis. Results: A total of 64 studies were included, 100% international; 92.2% in English and 50% from secondary research. The support strategies were grouped into four categories and most of the studies referred to the use of the forYOU, Medically Induced Trauma Support Services and Resilience in Stressful Events programs and the interventions represented, through dialogue with peers, family, friends and managers. Conclusion: Support strategies for the second victim are pointed out in international studies and mostly developed through programs/services and interventions. It is recommended to develop studies to learn about the phenomenon and to structure feasible support strategies in Brazilian health organizations.
Adaptation of an instrument to classify neonatal patients into care categories
Authors: Dini Ariane Polidoro , Oliveira Andrezza de Cassia Vannucci de , Almeida-Hamasaki Beatriz Pera de , Quinteiro Norma Mejias , Carmona Elenice Valentim
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To adapt and validate a patient classification instrument for neonatal units. Method: Methodological study, with adaptation of the Pediatric Patients Classification Instrument for neonatal patients. After content validation by judges, the instrument was tested for reliability, applied to 33 neonates by two nurses, simultaneously. To assess the agreement among nurses regarding the scores of each patient on the classification scale, an intraclass agreement coefficient was applied. To assess the agreement regarding the classification in care categories, the weighted Kappa coefficient was calculated. Results: The adapted instrument consisted of a total of nine indicators, with three care categories: high dependence on care, semi-intensive care and intensive care. The Content Validity Index varied between 0.85 and 0.92 for items of the instrument. The intraclass agreement was 0.87 and the weighted Kappa for care categories was 0.56. Conclusion: An instrument that allows neonatal patients to be classified into care categories, with satisfactory reliability was validated to support the dimensioning of the nursing team.
Self-healing of bio-cementitious mortar incubated within neutral and acidic soil
Authors: Esaker Mohamed , Hamza Omar , Souid Adam , Elliott David
Published: April 2021

The efficiency of bio self-healing of pre-cracked mortar specimens incubated in sand was investigated. The investigation examined the effect of soil pH representing industrially recognised classes of exposure, ranging from no risk of chemical attack (neutral pH ≈ 7) to very high risk (pH ≈ 4.5). Simultaneously, the soil was subjected to fully and partially saturated cycles for 120 days to resemble groundwater-level fluctuation. Bacillus subtilis with nutrients were impregnated into perlite and utilised as a bacterial healing agent. The healing agent was added to half of the mortar specimens for comparison purposes. Mineral precipitations were observed in both control and bio-mortar specimens, and the healing products were examined by SEM–EDX scanning. The healing ratio was evaluated by comparing (1) the repair rate of the crack area and (2) by capillary water absorption and sorptivity index—before and after incubation. The results indicated that bacteria-doped specimens (bio-mortar) exhibited the most efficient crack-healing in all incubation conditions i.e. different chemical exposure classes. In the pH neutral soil, the average healing ratios for the control and bio-mortar specimens were 38% and 82%, respectively. However, the healing ratio decreased by 43% for specimens incubated in acidic soil (pH ≈ 4) compared with specimens incubated in neutral soil (pH ≈ 7). The study implies that bio self-healing is generally beneficial for concrete embedded within soil; however, aggressive ground conditions can inhibit the healing process.
A crack model for corroded reinforced concrete elements subject to cyclic loading
Authors: Belletti Beatrice , Vecchi Francesca
Published: April 2021

Corrosion of embedded reinforcement is the main cause of deterioration of existing reinforced concrete infrastructure. Corrosion can significantly affect the seismic response and failure mode of reinforced concrete elements, causing premature concrete crushing, size reduction of reinforcement, degradation of mechanical properties of steel and concrete, and degradation and breaking of stirrups. The latter effects trigger inelastic buckling of the longitudinal reinforcement. In this paper, a non-linear finite-element approach, based on multi-layer shell elements and a crack model, is presented. The fixed crack model was developed at the University of Parma (Italy) and is implemented as a subroutine in standard finite-element software. The model incorporates cyclic constitutive laws for steel able to account for buckling of longitudinal rebars and the effects of corrosion. The effectiveness of the proposed model is validated through comparison with experimental data available in the literature. Finally, the capability of the proposed shell modelling to implicitly consider axial force, shear force and bending moment interaction is discussed and comparisons with analytical model and non-linear finite-element analysis results are provided.
A Study on Incidence of Communicating branch between Musculocutaneous Nerve and Median Nerve
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India., Sagar T Naveen , Raga Mayuri M Venkata ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Meenakshi Medical college, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India., Sharma Anshu ,   Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India., Subhra Das Rajat ,   Additional Professor, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: In present day Surgical practice it is mandatory to have a detailed idea of basic Anatomy and possible variations from normal pattern of all the major nerves and vessels in the body. One such important nerve in the body is Musculo Cutaneous nerve which is the chief nerve supplying the muscles of the front of the arm and also supplies the skin of lateral aspect of forearm. In the present study undertaken 58 upperlimbs were dissected and the incidence of communicating branch between Musculocutaneous Nerve and Median Nerve was studied. Aims and Objectives: The study is undertaken to know the incidence of communicating branch between Musculocutaneous Nerve and Median Nerve and its importance in surgical approaches of the upper limb. Materials and Methods: Under aseptic precautions, Standard dissection procedures were followed to dissect out the Musculocutaneous nerves and Median nerves in the 58 upper limbs of both right and left sides in the human cadavers of both sexes and the incidence of communicating branch between Musculocutaneous Nerve and Median Nerve were studied in detail and images were taken with digital camera for proper presentation of the study. Results and Conclusion: In the present study undertaken 7 upper limbs (12 percent) out of 58 upper limbs dissected showed the presence of communicating branch between Musculocutaneous nerve and Median nerve which comes under the category of type II of choi et al classification. on an average percentage of incidence of communicating branch between Musculocutaneous nerve and Median nerve varies between 10 percent to 53 percent. KEY WORDS: Musculocutaneous nerve, Median nerve and communication between Musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve.
Comparative Histological study of Normal human placentae with Hypertensive placentae in Western part of Tamilnadu state (Kongunadu region)
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India., Vijaianand M  , Anasuya D Geeta ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India., Grace Jeevamani Sheela ,   Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India., Sutha S  ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: April 2021

Background: Placenta forms an intimate bonding between the mother and the foetus. Apart from gaseous exchange, transport of nutrients from mother to the foetus, any disease or disorder affecting the mother also reflects the foetus. Hypertension during antenatal period produces maternal vasospasm and vascular damage due to luminal constriction of uterine spiral arterioles causing histological changes in the placenta and ultimately leads to foetal hypoxia and death. Aim of the study: To compare the histological features between the normal and hypertensive placenta. Materials and Methods: 30 normal and 30 hypertensive placentae were collected, processed in the Department of Anatomy, Karpagam Faculty of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, and visualised under light microscope and their histological features are noted. Results: Various histological features obtained are Syncytial knots, Fibrinoid necrosis, Calcification of Placenta, Placental infarction, Stromal fibrosis, Hypovascularity of Villous, Intervillous fibrin deposition and Basement membrane thickening. Conclusion: In our study, the histological features are more prominent and their areas in microscopic field is noted more in hypertensive placentae than normal placentae.Histtological features are mainly due to maternal vasospasm and vascular endothelial injury.The statistical analysis calculated for the histological features was found to be significant. KEY WORDS: Placenta, Hypertension, Histology, Syncytial knots, Calcification.
Segmental Representation of Intimal Thickness in Ascending Aorta as Early Clinical Marker of Aging
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, SP Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India., Pahuja Kavita , Bissa Amardeep ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, SMIMER Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India.
Published: April 2021

Background: Intimal thickness is the innermost layer of aorta; play a vital role in development of atherosclerotic changes. It may vary in the different parts of the aorta and may increase with age. Methods: 120 aortas of adult human forensic bodies were taken. Histological slides were formed and the thickness of different segments of aorta were measured microscopically. Data were statically analyzed using ANOVA, p test methods. Results and Discussion: There is no significant difference of Intimal thickness in different segments of ascending aorta though it significantly increase with age may be due to accumulation of medial SMCs into intima. Results agree with previous workers. Conclusion: No significant difference between different segments of ascending aorta and it increase with age showing the aging aorta and early sign of atherosclerotic changes. KEY WORDS: Aging, Intimal thickness, Age Groups, Smooth Muscle Cells, Medial thickness.
1st MBBS professional student’s perception on teaching & learning methods of anatomy, before and at the time of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Assistant professor, Department of Anatomy, S.V.S. Medical College, Mahabubnagar Telangana, India., pulluru Upendhar Reddy , Muchintala Venkateshwar Reddy ,   Professor & HOD of anatomy, Department of Anatomy, S.V.S. Medical College, Mahabubnagar Telangana, India.
Published: April 2021

Objectives: COVID-19 pandemic has brought challenges to learn the anatomy subject for the students. Perception & online opinion has been taken from the students of SVS medical college, Mahbubnagar, on teaching and learning methods of anatomy, before and at the time of covid-19 pandemic Materials and Methods: students feedback has been collected through google forms - online survey opinion & Inputs were collected from the 113 MBBS students of the academic year 2019-2020, who had just completed their first year syllabus in both offline and online teaching methods, before lockdown and after lockdown (September-2019 to December-2020). Present study was done by using specially designed questionnaire comprising of points relating to the present curriculum in anatomy & teaching methodology at SVS Medical College, Mahbubnagar. Results: Students point of view, online teaching like streaming (ZOOM MEETING, GOTO MEETING & CISCO WEBEX) was not that much effective. Majority of the students opted for the best method for online teaching was recorded video or voice over PPT’S are the best option than the online streaming classes. Finally the students have opted for Traditional teaching like chalk & talk fallowed by PPT Presentation. Gross anatomy was mainly learned by the dissections involved by the students and faculty side by side. Histology was mainly learned by spending the more time on the microscope & involved in small group teaching. Embryology was mainly understood by small group teaching with the help of 3D models. Conclusion: The study concluded that the chalk and talk teaching fallowed by PPT’S, dissection by the students along with the faculty and spending more time on the microscope with small group teaching were the best methods to approach the anatomy subject. KEY WORDS: Students perception, Anatomy teaching learning methods, online and offline, chalk & talk, dissection.