bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 32 kDa (DARPP-32) and survival in breast cancer: a retrospective analysis of protein and mRNA expression
Authors: Kotecha Shreeya , Lebot Marie N. , Sukkarn Bhudsaban , Ball Graham , Moseley Paul M. , Chan Stephen Y. , Green Andrew R. , Rakha Emad , Ellis Ian O. , Martin Stewart G. , Storr Sarah J.
Published: November 2019

Dopamine and cAMP regulated phosphoprotein 32 kDa (DARPP-32) also known as phosphoprotein phosphatase-1 regulatory subunit 1B and encoded by the PPP1R1B gene is an inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1 and protein kinase A. DARPP-32 is expressed in a wide range of epithelial cells and some solid tumours; however, its role in breast cancer is only partially defined. DARPP-32 expression was determined using immunohistochemistry in two independent cohorts of early stage invasive breast cancer patients (discovery n = 1352; validation n = 1655), and 112 HER2 positive breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab and adjuvant chemotherapy. PPP1R1B mRNA expression was assessed in the METABRIC cohort (n = 1980), using artificial neural network analysis to identify associated genes. In the discovery cohort, low nuclear expression of DARPP-32 was significantly associated with shorter survival (P = 0.041), which was independent of other prognostic variables (P = 0.019). In the validation cohort, low cytoplasmic and nuclear expression was significantly associated with shorter survival (both P = 0.002), with cytoplasmic expression independent of other prognostic variables (P = 0.023). Stronger associations with survival in oestrogen receptor (ER) positive disease were observed. In patients treated with trastuzumab, low nuclear expression was significantly associated with adverse progression-free survival (P = 0.031). In the METABRIC cohort, low PPP1R1B expression was associated with shortened survival of ER positive patients. Expression of CDC42 and GRB7, amongst others, were associated with PPP1R1B expression. This data suggests a role for DARPP-32 as a prognostic marker with clinical utility in breast cancer.
Run length distribution of dimerized kinesin-3 molecular motors: comparison with dimeric kinesin-1
Authors: Guo Si-Kao , Shi Xiao-Xuan , Wang Peng-Ye , Xie Ping
Published: November 2019

Kinesin-3 and kinesin-1 molecular motors are two families of the kinesin superfamily. It has been experimentally revealed that in monomeric state kinesin-3 is inactive in motility and cargo-mediated dimerization results in superprocessive motion, with an average run length being more than 10-fold longer than that of kinesin-1. In contrast to kinesin-1 showing normally single-exponential distribution of run lengths, dimerized kinesin-3 shows puzzlingly Gaussian distribution of run lengths. Here, based on our proposed model, we studied computationally the dynamics of kinesin-3 and compared with that of kinesin-1, explaining quantitatively the available experimental data and revealing the origin of superprocessivity and Gaussian run length distribution of kinesin-3. Moreover, predicted results are provided on ATP-concentration dependence of run length distribution and force dependence of mean run length and dissociation rate of kinesin-3.
The molecular genealogy of sequential overlapping inversions implies both homologous chromosomes of a heterokaryotype in an inversion origin
Authors: Orengo Dorcas J. , Puerma Eva , Cereijo Unai , Aguadé Montserrat
Published: November 2019

Cytological and molecular studies have revealed that inversion chromosomal polymorphism is widespread across taxa and that inversions are among the most common structural changes fixed between species. Two major mechanisms have been proposed for the origin of inversions considering that breaks occur at either repetitive or non-homologous sequences. While inversions originating through the first mechanism might have a multiple origin, those originating through the latter mechanism would have a unique origin. Variation at regions flanking inversion breakpoints can be informative on the origin and history of inversions given the reduced recombination in heterokaryotypes. Here, we have analyzed nucleotide variation at a fragment flanking the most centromere-proximal shared breakpoint of several sequential overlapping inversions of the E chromosome of Drosophila subobscura —inversions E1, E2, E9 and E3. The molecular genealogy inferred from variation at this shared fragment does not exhibit the branching pattern expected according to the sequential origin of inversions. The detected discordance between the molecular and cytological genealogies has led us to consider a novel possibility for the origin of an inversion, and more specifically that one of these inversions originated on a heterokaryotype for chromosomal arrangements. Based on this premise, we propose three new models for inversions origin.
Shikimic acid, a mannose bioisostere, promotes hair growth with the induction of anagen hair cycle
Authors: Choi Mira , Choi Soon-Jin , Jang Sunhyae , Choi Hye-In , Kang Bo-Mi , Hwang Sungjoo Tommy , Kwon Ohsang
Published: November 2019

Shikimic acid (SA) has recently been found to be a major component of plant stem cells. The exact effects of SA on human hair follicles (HFs) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of SA on hair growth. We investigated the effect of SA on an in vivo C57BL/6 mouse model. We examined the expression of mannose receptor (MR), which is a known receptor of SA, in human HFs and the effect of SA on human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs), outer root sheath cells (hORSCs), and on ex vivo human hair organ culture. SA significantly prolonged anagen hair growth in the in vivo mouse model. We confirmed expression of the MR in human HFs, and that SA increased the proliferation of hDPCs and hORSCs. It was found that SA enhanced hair shaft elongation in an ex vivo human hair organ culture. SA treatment of hDPCs led to increased c-myc, hepatocyte growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor levels and upregulation of p38 MAPK and cAMP response element-binding protein levels. Our results show that SA promotes hair growth and may serve as a new therapeutic agent in the treatment of alopecia.
Metatranscriptomic Analysis of Multiple Environmental Stresses Identifies RAP2.4 Gene Associated with Arabidopsis Immunity to Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Sham Arjun , Al-Ashram Hibatullah , Whitley Kenna , Iratni Rabah , El-Tarabily Khaled A. , AbuQamar Synan F.
Published: November 2019

In this study, we aimed to identify common genetic components during stress response responsible for crosstalk among stresses, and to determine the role of differentially expressed genes in Arabidopsis-Botrytis cinerea interaction. Of 1,554 B. cinerea up-regulated genes, 24%, 1.4% and 14% were induced by biotic, abiotic and hormonal treatments, respectively. About 18%, 2.5% and 22% of B. cinerea down-regulated genes were also repressed by the same stress groups. Our transcriptomic analysis indicates that plant responses to all tested stresses can be mediated by commonly regulated genes; and protein-protein interaction network confirms the cross-interaction between proteins regulated by these genes. Upon challenges to individual or multiple stress(es), accumulation of signaling molecules (e.g. hormones) plays a major role in the activation of downstream defense responses. In silico gene analyses enabled us to assess the involvement of RAP2.4 (related to AP2.4) in plant immunity. Arabidopsis RAP2.4 was repressed by B. cinerea, and its mutants enhanced resistance to the same pathogen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the role of RAP2.4 in plant defense against B. cinerea. This research can provide a basis for breeding programs to increase tolerance and improve yield performance in crops.
Methanolic extract of Potentilla fulgens root and its ethyl-acetate fraction delays the process of carcinogenesis in mice
Authors: Ganguly Buddha , Chaudhary Alka , Dakhar Hughbert , Singh Inder Pal , Chatterjee Anupam
Published: November 2019

People of north-eastern states of India consume raw areca-nut (RAN) and lime which could lead to oral, esophageal and gastric cancers. However, the incidence of these cancers are significantly lesser in those who consume pieces of Potentilla fulgens root along with RAN. Since evaluation of anticancer role, if any, of P. fulgens on RAN-mediated genetic alterations in human is difficult because of other compounding factors, this study was undertaken in mice to focus on gastric carcinogenesis since ad libitum administration of RAN extract with lime in drinking water induced stomach cancer due to greater exposure of its lining. A total of 160 mice were used at different time points and either methanol extract of P. fulgens roots (PRE) or mixture of four compounds of ethyl-acetate fraction (EA-mixture) was mixed with mice feed. Histological studies revealed that RAN + lime induced cancer in all the mice and interestingly only 20% developed cancer when PRE/EA-mixture was provided along with RAN + lime. Higher frequency of precocious anaphase and over expression of p53 and Securin genes were significantly reduced by PRE/EA-mixture. Thus PRE/EA-mixture mitigates the RAN-induced tumor-initiating process in stomach by maintaining expression of tumor suppressor and check-point genes under control.
Human–machine partnership with artificial intelligence for chest radiograph diagnosis
Authors: Patel Bhavik N. , Rosenberg Louis , Willcox Gregg , Baltaxe David , Lyons Mimi , Irvin Jeremy , Rajpurkar Pranav , Amrhein Timothy , Gupta Rajan , Halabi Safwan , Langlotz Curtis , Lo Edward , Mammarappallil Joseph , Mariano A. J. , Riley Geoffrey , Seekins Jayne , Shen Luyao , Zucker Evan , Lungren Matthew P.
Published: November 2019

Human-in-the-loop (HITL) AI may enable an ideal symbiosis of human experts and AI models, harnessing the advantages of both while at the same time overcoming their respective limitations. The purpose of this study was to investigate a novel collective intelligence technology designed to amplify the diagnostic accuracy of networked human groups by forming real-time systems modeled on biological swarms. Using small groups of radiologists, the swarm-based technology was applied to the diagnosis of pneumonia on chest radiographs and compared against human experts alone, as well as two state-of-the-art deep learning AI models. Our work demonstrates that both the swarm-based technology and deep-learning technology achieved superior diagnostic accuracy than the human experts alone. Our work further demonstrates that when used in combination, the swarm-based technology and deep-learning technology outperformed either method alone. The superior diagnostic accuracy of the combined HITL AI solution compared to radiologists and AI alone has broad implications for the surging clinical AI deployment and implementation strategies in future practice.
Sympathetic activity contributes to the fMRI signal
Authors: Özbay Pinar Senay , Chang Catie , Picchioni Dante , Mandelkow Hendrik , Chappel-Farley Miranda Grace , van Gelderen Peter , de Zwart Jacco Adrianus , Duyn Jeff
Published: November 2019

The interpretation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of brain activity is often hampered by the presence of brain-wide signal variations that may arise from a variety of neuronal and non-neuronal sources. Recent work suggests a contribution from the sympathetic vascular innervation, which may affect the fMRI signal through its putative and poorly understood role in cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation. By analyzing fMRI and (electro-) physiological signals concurrently acquired during sleep, we found that widespread fMRI signal changes often co-occur with electroencephalography (EEG) K-complexes, signatures of sub-cortical arousal, and episodic drops in finger skin vascular tone; phenomena that have been associated with intermittent sympathetic activity. These findings support the notion that the extrinsic sympathetic innervation of the cerebral vasculature contributes to CBF regulation and the fMRI signal. Accounting for this mechanism could help separate systemic from local signal contributions and improve interpretation of fMRI studies.
Improved performance of near infrared excitation Raman spectroscopy using reflective thin-film gold on glass substrates for cytology samples
Authors: Barton Sinead J. , O'Dwyer Kevin , Butler Marion , Dignam Adam , Byrne Hugh J. , O'Neill Luke , Hennelly Bryan M.
Published: November 2019

Thin-film gold substrates offer improved performance and cost for NIR excitation Raman spectroscopy of biological cells when compared with CaF2. We demonstrate a 1.65 times enhancement in the signal to noise ratio with <5% of the cost.
Collaborative assembly of doxorubicin and galactosyl diblock glycopolymers for targeted drug delivery of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Jianghua , Zhang Yang , Cai Chao , Rong Xiaozhi , Shao Meng , Li Jiarui , Yang Chendong , Yu Guangli
Published: November 2019

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients suffer from severe pain due to the serious systemic side effects and low efficiency of chemotherapeutic drugs, and it is important to develop novel drug delivery systems to circumvent these issues.
Bulky ligands shape the separation between the large spin carriers to condition field-induced slow magnetic relaxation
Authors: Kobylarczyk Jedrzej , Liberka Michal , Konieczny Piotr , Baran Stanisław , Kubicki Maciej , Korzeniak Tomasz , Podgajny Robert
Published: November 2019

Magnetic relaxations in isotropic high spin S = 39/2 cyanido-bridged {Mn9[W(CN)8]6L8(solv)8} clusters tuned by crystal engineering.
Polyoxometalate–viologen photochromic hybrids for rapid solar ultraviolet light detection, photoluminescence-based UV probing and inkless and erasable printing
Authors: Li Li , Zou Yong-Cun , Hua Yang , Li Xiao-Nan , Wang Zhi-Hui , Zhang Hong
Published: November 2019

Polyoxometalate–viologen photochromic hybrids showed efficient and fast low intensity ultraviolet light detection, potential fluorescence based UV probing and inkless and erasable printing.
Coordination-driven self-assembly of M10L8 metal–organic bi-capped square antiprisms with adaptable cavities
Authors: Wang Xue-Zhi , Sun Meng-Ying , Zheng Ji , Luo Dong , Qi Li , Zhou Xiao-Ping , Li Dan
Published: November 2019

A family of copper-imidazolate cages consisting of flexible ligands have been synthesized, featuring an unusual bicapped square antiprism structure with an adaptable cavity.
Nitrogen doped graphene quantum dot-decorated earth-abundant nanotubes for enhanced capacitive deionization
Authors: Ganganboina Akhilesh Babu , Doong Ruey-An
Published: November 2019

The combination of capacitive carbon nanomaterials with metal oxides as electrode materials for capacitive deionization has demonstrated as a promising strategy for water desalination.
Magnetic scaffolds in oil spill applications
Authors: Singh Baljeet , Kumar Surender , Kishore Brij , Narayanan Tharangattu N.
Published: November 2019

Reviewing the past developments and future possibilities of magnetic scaffolds in oil separation from oil spills.
Garlic essential oil mediates acute and chronic mild stress-induced depression in rats via modulation of monoaminergic neurotransmission and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels
Authors: Huang Yun-Ju , Lu Kuan-Hung , Lin Yu-En , Panyod Suraphan , Wu Hsin-Yu , Chang Wan-Ting , Sheen Lee-Yan
Published: November 2019

Garlic essential oil (GEO) and its major organosulfur component (diallyl disulfide, DADS) possess diverse biological properties; however, limited information on their antidepressant-like effects is available.
Bioactive peptides derived from crimson snapper and in vivo anti-aging effects on fat diet-induced high fat Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Chen Shengyang , Yang Qian , Chen Xuan , Tian Yongqi , Liu Zhiyu , Wang Shaoyun
Published: November 2019

Crimson snapper scale peptides (CSSPs) prepared from crimson snapper scales exhibited significant antioxidant activity in vitro and anti-aging effects in vivo on fat diet-induced high fat Drosophila melanogaster.
Physicochemical characterisation and release behaviour of curcumin-loaded lactoferrin nanohydrogels into food simulants
Authors: Araújo João F. , Bourbon Ana I. , Simões Lívia S. , Vicente António A. , Coutinho Paulo J. G. , Ramos Oscar L.
Published: November 2019

LF nanohydrogel encapsulates curcumin with an efficiency of ca. 90 %; Curcumin is barely released in a hydrophilic food simulant at 25 °C; LF-curcumin nanohydrogel was successfully incorporated in a gelatine.
High affinity rigidified AT2 receptor ligands with indane scaffolds
Authors: Wallinder Charlotta , Sköld Christian , Sundholm Sara , Guimond Marie-Odile , Yahiaoui Samir , Lindeberg Gunnar , Gallo-Payet Nicole , Hallberg Mathias , Alterman Mathias
Published: November 2019

Rigidification of the isobutyl side chain of drug-like AT2 receptor agonists and antagonists that are structurally related to the first reported selective AT2 receptor agonist 1 (C21) delivered bioactive indane derivatives.
Characterising the brain metalloproteome in Down syndrome patients with concomitant Alzheimer's pathology
Authors: Malakooti Nakisa , Roberts Blaine , Pritchard Melanie A , Volitakis Irene , Kim Ron C , Lott Ira T , McLean Catriona A , Finkelstein David I , Adlard Paul A
Published: November 2019

Down syndrome (DS) is a common intellectual disability, with an incidence of 1 in 700 and is caused by trisomy 21. People with DS develop Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like neuropathology by the age of 40. As metal ion dyshomeostasis (particularly zinc, iron and copper) is one of the characteristics of AD and is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of disease, we reasoned that it may also be altered in DS. Thus, we used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to examine metal levels in post-mortem brain tissue from DS individuals with concomitant AD pathology. Size exclusion-ICPMS was also utilised to characterise the metalloproteome in these cases. We report here for the first time that iron levels were higher in a number of regions in the DS brain, including the hippocampus (40%), frontal cortex (100%) and temporal cortex (34%), compared to controls. Zinc and copper were also elevated (both 29%) in the DS frontal cortex, but zinc was decreased (23%) in the DS temporal cortex. Other elements were also examined, a number of which also showed disease-specific changes. The metalloproteomic profile in the DS brain was also different to that in the controls. These data suggest that metals and metal:protein interactions are dysregulated in the DS brain which, given the known role of metals in neurodegeneration and AD, is likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of disease. Interrogation of the underlying cellular mechanisms and consequences of this failure in metal ion homeostasis, and the specific contributions of the individual DS and AD phenotypes to these changes, should be explored.
Sub-10 nm tunneling field-effect transistors based on monolayer group IV mono-chalcogenides
Authors: Li Hong , Xu Peipei , Lu Jing
Published: November 2019

Optimal band gap and average effective mass of two-dimensional channels for high-performance tunneling transistors.
Electron-withdrawing anion intercalation and surface sulfurization of NiFe-layered double hydroxide nanoflowers enabling superior oxygen evolution performance
Authors: Dong Yan-Yan , Ma Dong-Dong , Wu Xin-Tao , Zhu Qi-Long
Published: November 2019

Unique NiFe-LDH nanoflowers functionalized with electron-withdrawing anion intercalation and surface sulfurization were fabricated, and show superior electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction.
A pH-stable positively charged composite nanofiltration membrane with excellent rejection performance
Authors: Jiang Zhibin , Miao Jing , He Yuantao , Hong Xinjun , Tu Kai , Wang Xi , Chen Shunquan , Yang Hao , Zhang Ling , Zhang Rui
Published: November 2019

A pH-stable positively charged composite nanofiltration (NF) membrane was developed via the interfacial polymerization (IP) between polyethyleneimine (PEI), piperazine (PIP), and cyanuric chloride (CC).
In situ synthesis of monolayer graphene on silicon for near-infrared photodetectors
Authors: Xiang Pengcheng , Wang Gang , Yang Siwei , Liu Zhiduo , Zheng Li , Li Jiurong , Xu Anli , Zhao Menghan , Zhu Wei , Guo Qinglei , Chen Da
Published: November 2019

Direct integration of monolayer graphene on a silicon (Si) substrate is realized by a simple thermal annealing process, involving a top copper (Cu) layer as the catalyst and an inserted polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as the carbon source.
Ultrafine MoO2 nanoparticles encapsulated in a hierarchically porous carbon nanofiber film as a high-performance binder-free anode in lithium ion batteries
Authors: Chen Xin , Gao Guojun , Wu Zhipeng , Xiang Jun , Li Xiaoqiang , Guan Guangguang , Zhang Kaiyin
Published: November 2019

A novel binder-free LIB anode made of ultrafine MoO2 nanoparticles encapsulated in hierarchically porous carbon nanofibers exhibits high Li-storage performance.
Theoretical investigation of various aspects of two dimensional holey boroxine, B3O3
Authors: Ullah Saif , Denis Pablo A. , Sato Fernando
Published: November 2019

2D boroxine is a stable material with outstanding properties which warrant its use in different applications such as sensing and optoelectronics, as revealed by first principles calculations.
Phonon–phonon scattering selection rules and control: an application to nanofriction and thermal transport
Authors: Cammarata Antonio
Published: November 2019

Symmetry-based selection rules are a guide on how to switch on or off multi-phonon scattering processes.
The electron as a probe to measure the thickness distributions of electroactive films
Authors: Buesen Darren , Li Huaiguang , Plumeré Nicolas
Published: November 2019

A theoretical model combined to an experimental study shows that the morphology of electron conducting films can be quantified directly from the analysis of cyclic voltammetry data.
Biosynthesis of plant tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids through an imine reductase route
Authors: Yang Lu , Zhu Jinmei , Sun Chenghai , Deng Zixin , Qu Xudong
Published: November 2019

An artificial approach has been developed for efficient biosynthesis of plant tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids from dihydroisoquinoline precursors.
From wavelike to sub-diffusive motion: exciton dynamics and interaction in squaraine copolymers of varying length
Authors: Malý Pavel , Lüttig Julian , Turkin Arthur , Dostál Jakub , Lambert Christoph , Brixner Tobias
Published: November 2019

We measure excitation energy transport in conjugated polymers using direct observation of exciton pair dynamics.
An ecofriendly route to synthesize C-Mo2C and C/N-Mo2C utilizing waste polyethene for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity and high performance capacitors
Authors: Mir Rameez Ahmad , Pandey O. P.
Published: November 2019

Synthesis of C-Mo2C and C/N-Mo2C using waste polyethene for HER activity and high performance capacitors.
Developing a novel high performance NaNbO3-based lead-free dielectric capacitor for energy storage applications
Authors: Zhou Mingxing , Liang Ruihong , Zhou Zhiyong , Dong Xianlin
Published: November 2019

Use of the cooperation between fine-grain engineering and relaxor ferroelectric characteristics to develop high performance ceramic capacitors.
High-performance aluminum-ion batteries based on AlCl3/caprolactam electrolytes
Authors: Xu Cheng , Zhang Wenyang , Li Pan , Zhao Shimeng , Du Yiqun , Jin Huixin , Zhang Youjian , Wang Zihan , Zhang Jianxin
Published: November 2019

Aluminum-ion batteries based on AlCl3/caprolactam (CPL) and AlCl3/urea/CPL electrolytes exhibit worthwhile performances.
Testing the Wyart–Cates model for non-Brownian shear thickening using bidisperse suspensions
Authors: Guy Ben M. , Ness Christopher , Hermes Michiel , Sawiak Laura J. , Sun Jin , Poon Wilson C. K.
Published: November 2019

Using simulations and experiments, we show that the Wyart–Cates model of shear thickening – currently the “go-to” description of this phenomenon – breaks down for suspensions with industrially realistic size polydispersity.
Chain dynamics and glass transition of dry native cellulose solutions in ionic liquids
Authors: Utomo Nyalaliska W. , Saifuddin Indira , Nazari Behzad , Jain Preet , Colby Ralph H.
Published: November 2019

Glass transition temperatures of cellulose solutions in three ionic liquids, determined from the peak in tan(δ) =G′′/G′, exhibit a minimum at about 2 wt% cellulose.
Intramolecular micellization and nanopatterning in pH- and thermo-responsive molecular brushes
Authors: Prokacheva Varvara M. , Rud Oleg V. , Uhlík Filip , Borisov Oleg V.
Published: November 2019

A cylindrical polyelectrolyte brush has a pearls-necklace structure undergoing phase transition due to salinity and/or pH changes.
Oxidation-resistant titanium carbide MXene films
Authors: Lee Yonghee , Kim Seon Joon , Kim Yong-Jae , Lim Younghwan , Chae Yoonjeong , Lee Byeong-Joo , Kim Young-Tae , Han Hee , Gogotsi Yury , Ahn Chi Won
Published: November 2019

We have demonstrated a highly stable electric heater made of oxidation-resistant MXene film, which was capable of stable operation in air under highly oxidizing conditions (70 °C, 100% RH).
Activating MoS2 basal planes for hydrogen evolution through direct CVD morphology control
Authors: Dong Lianqing , Guo Shaoqiang , Wang Yuyan , Zhang Qinghua , Gu Lin , Pan Caofeng , Zhang Junying
Published: November 2019

Monolayer hexagonal MoS2 flakes with abundant sulphur vacancies directly grown by CVD have remarkably improved catalytic efficiency compared with the triangular ones, superior to existing MoS2 grown by CVD for electrochemical hydrogen production.
In situ grown cobalt phosphide (CoP) on perovskite nanofibers as an optimized trifunctional electrocatalyst for Zn–air batteries and overall water splitting
Authors: Zhang Ya-Qian , Tao Hong-Biao , Chen Zhou , Li Meng , Sun Yi-Fei , Hua Bin , Luo Jing-Li
Published: November 2019

A trifunctional electrocatalyst featuring CoP socketed on oxygen deficient layered perovskite is synthesized through an in situ exsolution and an intriguing “post-growth” approach.
Highly dispersive and stable Fe3+ active sites on 2D graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for efficient visible-light photocatalytic nitrogen fixation
Authors: Yao Chengkai , Wang Ran , Wang Zhongsen , Lei Hua , Dong Xiaoping , He Chaozheng
Published: November 2019

Highly dispersive and stable chelated Fe active sites on 2D graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets exhibit effective N2 molecule capture capacity for improving visible-light photocatalytic N2 fixation performance.
Single atom-supported MXene: how single-atomic-site catalysts tune the high activity and selectivity of electrochemical nitrogen fixation
Authors: Huang Bin , Li Neng , Ong Wee-Jun , Zhou Naigen
Published: November 2019

A series of single atom supported on Ti2CO2 and Mo2CO2 MXenes were systematically explored as efficient electrocatalysts for electro-catalytic N2 reduction. We demonstrate that Ru and Mo atoms anchored MXenes are highly activity.
Long-term chemothermal stability of delithiated NCA in polymer solid-state batteries
Authors: Besli Münir M. , Usubelli Camille , Metzger Michael , Hellstrom Sondra , Sainio Sami , Nordlund Dennis , Christensen Jake , Schneider Gerhard , Doeff Marca M. , Kuppan Saravanan
Published: November 2019

Changes in nickel oxidation state of chemically delithiated Li0.3Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) in bulk and surface after 35 days @ 80 °C are strongly depending on the type of polymer and lithium salt in the catholyte matrix.
Effect of nanoporosity on the electromagnetic wave absorption performance in a biomass-templated Fe3O4/C composite: a small-angle neutron scattering study
Authors: Fang Yuan , Xue Weidong , Zhao Rui , Bao Shengxiang , Wang Wenjian , Sun Liangwei , Chen Liang , Sun Guangai , Chen Bo
Published: November 2019

Small-angle neutron scattering was used to investigate the effect of nanoporosity on electromagnetic wave absorption in biomass-templated Fe3O4/C.
Double-twist pyridine–carbonitrile derivatives yielding excellent thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for high-performance OLEDs
Authors: Li Jiafang , Chen Wen-Cheng , Liu He , Chen Zhanxiang , Chai Danyang , Lee Chun-Sing , Yang Chuluo
Published: November 2019

Two dicyanopyridine-containing TADF emitters were developed via the double-twist design strategy, yielding EQEmax values of 25.8% and 21.1%.
Insights into the vacancy behaviour at the interface of As–Sb lateral heterostructures
Authors: Ao Lei , Xiong Zhihua
Published: November 2019

The interfacial vacancy behaviour was investigated in an LHS with a large lattice mismatch to gain insights into defect and interface engineering.
A stretchable and compressible ion gel based on a deep eutectic solvent applied as a strain sensor and electrolyte for supercapacitors
Authors: Hong Shu , Yuan Yang , Liu Chaozheng , Chen Weimin , Chen Ling , Lian Hailan , Liimatainen Henrikki
Published: November 2019

A deep eutectic solvent ion gel applied as a sensor for monitoring the grasping motion and as an electrolyte for symmetrically structured supercapacitors.
Degp degrades a wide range of substrate proteins in Escherichia coli under stress conditions
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Cheng Yu , Ma Jing , Wang Yan , Chang Zengyi , Fu Xinmiao
Published: November 2019

DegP, a periplasmic dual-functional protease and chaperone in Gram-negative bacteria, is critical for bacterial stress resistance, but the precise underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we show that the protease function of DegP is critical for Escherichia coli cells to maintain membrane integrity, particularly under heat shock conditions (42°C). Site-directed photo-cross-linking, mass spectrometry and immunoblotting analyses reveal that both periplasmic proteins (e.g. OppA and MalE) and β-barrel outer membrane proteins (OMPs) are DegP-interacting proteins and that OppA is degraded by DegP in vitro and in vivo at 42°C. In addition, OmpA and BamA, chimeric β-barrel OMPs containing a soluble periplasmic domain, are bound to DegP in both unfolded and folded forms, whereas only the unfolded forms are degradable by DegP. The presence of folded OmpA as a substrate of DegP is attributed to its periplasmic domain, which is resistant to DegP degradation and even generally protects pure β-barrel OMPs from degradation in an intra-molecular way. Furthermore, a pair of residues (R262 and V328) in the PDZ domain-1 of DegP play important roles for binding unfolded and folded β-barrel OMPs, with R262 being critical. Our study, together with earlier reports, indicates that DegP plays a critical role in protein quality control in the bacterial periplasm by degrading both periplasmic proteins and β-barrel OMPs under stress conditions and likely also by participating in the folding of chimeric β-barrel OMPs. A working model is proposed to illustrate the finely tuned functions of DegP with respect to different substrate proteins.
Long non-coding RNA DSCAM-AS1 contributes to the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer by targeting miR-877-5p/ATXN7L3 axis
Authors: Liang Jie , Zhang Shujuan , Wang Wei , Xu Yan , Kawuli Atikan , Lu Jiaqi , Xiu Xuemei
Published: November 2019

Cervical cancer (CC) is ranked as the fourth most common cancer that occurs in women universally, which normally causes pain in the lower belly. Plenty of studies have stated that the expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is linked to the cellular development of many kinds of cancers. DSCAM-AS1 has been reported to act as an oncogene in other cancer types and the aim of our study was to uncover the function and regulatory mechanism of DSCAM-AS1 in CC. In this research, our findings presented that DSCAM-AS1 expression was up-regulated in CC cells. DSCAM-AS1 led to the development of CC by enhancing cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability. DSCAM-AS1 was verified to combine with miR-877-5p and down-regulate the expression of miR-877-5p. Results also showed that ATXN7L3 was a downstream target gene of miR-877-5p and it was unfavorably modulated by miR-877-5p. Enhanced expression of ATXN7L3 counterbalanced the DSCAM-AS1 knockdown effect on the progression of CC. This was the first time to analyze the underlying regulatory mechanism of the oncogenic DSCAM-AS1. Our findings clarified that DSCAM-AS1 played as an oncogenic lncRNA by targeting miR-877-5p/ATXN7L3 axis to promote CC progression, which may provide insights into the prevention of CC.
A novel circFMN2 promotes tumor proliferation in CRC by regulating the miR-1182/hTERT signaling pathways
Authors: Li Yongchao , Li Changfeng , Xu Ruisi , Wang Yun , Li Dandan , Zhang Bin
Published: November 2019

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs broadly expressed in cells of various species. However, the molecular mechanisms that link circRNAs with colorectal cancer (CRC) are not well understood. In the present study, we attempted to provide novel basis for targeted therapy for CRC from the aspect of circRNA–microRNA (miRNA)–mRNA interaction.

Methods: We investigated the expression of circRNAs in five paired CRC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues by microarray analysis. Differentially expressed circRNAs were identified between CRC tissues and non-cancerous matched tissues. We focused on hsa_circ_0005100, which is located on chromosome 1 and derived from FMN2, and thus we named it as circFMN2. The expression of circFMN2 was detected in 88 CRC tissues and cell lines by quantitative real-time PCR. Functional assays were performed to evaluate the effects of circFMN2 on proliferation in vitro, and on tumorigenesis in vivo. The relationship between circFMN2 and miR-1182 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay.

Results: circFMN2 was found to be significantly up-regulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, knockdown of circFMN2 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that there is a circFMN2/miR-1182/hTERT axis in CRC progression. Dual-luciferase reporter system validated the direct interaction of circFMN2, miR-1182, hTERT. Western blot verified that inhibition of circFMN2 decreased hTERT expression. Importantly, we demonstrated that circFMN2 was up-regulated in serum exosomes from CRC patients.

Conclusion: In conclusion, circFMN2 is a central component linking circRNAs to progression of CRC via an miR-1182/hTERT axis.
The headlight cloud in NGC 628: An extreme giant molecular cloud in a typical galaxy disk
Authors: Herrera Cinthya N. , Pety Jérôme , Hughes Annie , Meidt Sharon E. , Kreckel Kathryn , Querejeta Miguel , Saito Toshiki , Lang Philipp , Jiménez-Donaire María Jesús , Pessa Ismael , Cormier Diane , Usero Antonio , Sliwa Kazimierz , Faesi Christopher , Blanc Guillermo A. , Bigiel Frank , Chevance Mélanie , Dale Daniel A. , Grasha Kathryn , Glover Simon C. O. , Hygate Alexander P. S. , Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Leroy Adam K. , Rosolowsky Erik , Schinnerer Eva , Schruba Andreas , Sun Jiayi , Utomo Dyas
Published: November 2019

Context.Cloud-scale surveys of molecular gas reveal the link between giant molecular cloud properties and star formation across a range of galactic environments. Cloud populations in galaxy disks are considered to be representative of the normal star formation process, while galaxy centers tend to harbor denser gas that exhibits more extreme star formation. At high resolution, however, molecular clouds with exceptional gas properties and star formation activity may also be observed in normal disk environments. In this paper we study the brightest cloud traced in CO(2–1) emission in the disk of nearby spiral galaxy NGC 628.

Aims.We characterize the properties of the molecular and ionized gas that is spatially coincident with an extremely bright H IIregion in the context of the NGC 628 galactic environment. We investigate how feedback and large-scale processes influence the properties of the molecular gas in this region.

Methods.High-resolution ALMA observations of CO(2–1) and CO(1−0) emission were used to characterize the mass and dynamical state of the “headlight” molecular cloud. The characteristics of this cloud are compared to the typical properties of molecular clouds in NGC 628. A simple large velocity gradient (LVG) analysis incorporating additional ALMA observations of13CO(1−0), HCO+(1−0), and HCN(1−0) emission was used to constrain the beam-diluted density and temperature of the molecular gas. We analyzed the MUSE spectrum using Starburst99 to characterize the young stellar population associated with the H IIregion.

Results.The unusually bright headlight cloud is massive (1 − 2 × 107 M⊙), with a beam-diluted density ofnH2 = 5 × 104cm−3based on LVG modeling. It has a low virial parameter, suggesting that the CO emission associated with this cloud may be overluminous due to heating by the H IIregion. A young (2 − 4 Myr) stellar population with mass 3 × 105 M⊙is associated.

Conclusions.We argue that the headlight cloud is currently being destroyed by feedback from young massive stars. Due to the large mass of the cloud, this phase of the its evolution is long enough for the impact of feedback on the excitation of the gas to be observed. The high mass of the headlight cloud may be related to its location at a spiral co-rotation radius, where gas experiences reduced galactic shear compared to other regions of the disk and receives a sustained inflow of gas that can promote the mass growth of the cloud.
Revisited mass-radius relations for exoplanets below 120 M⊕
Authors: Otegi J. F. , Bouchy F. , Helled R.
Published: November 2019

The masses and radii of exoplanets are fundamental quantities needed for their characterisation. Studying the different populations of exoplanets is important for understanding the demographics of the different planetary types, which can then be linked to planetary formation and evolution. We present an updated exoplanet catalogue based on reliable, robust, and, as much as possible accurate mass and radius measurements of transiting planets up to 120 M⊕. The resulting mass-radius (M-R) diagram shows two distinct populations, corresponding to rocky and volatile-rich exoplanets which overlap in both mass and radius. The rocky exoplanet population shows a relatively small density variability and ends at mass of ~25 M⊕, possibly indicating the maximum core mass that can be formed. We use the composition line of pure water to separate the two populations, and infer two new empirical M-R relations based on this data: M = (0.9 ± 0.06) R(3.45±0.12) for the rocky population, and M = (1.74 ± 0.38) R(1.58±0.10) for the volatile-rich population. While our results for the two regimes are in agreement with previous studies, the new M-R relations better match the population in the transition region from rocky to volatile-rich exoplanets, which correspond to a mass range of 5–25 M⊕, and a radius range of 2–3 R⊕.
A stabilized second order exponential time differencing multistep method for thin film growth model without slope selection
Authors: Chen Wenbin , Li Weijia , Luo Zhiwen , Wang Cheng , Wang Xiaoming
Published: November 2019

In this paper, a stabilized second order in time accurate linear exponential time differencing (ETD) scheme for the no-slope-selection thin film growth model is presented. An artificial stabilizing term $ A{\tau }^2\frac{\mathrm{\partial }{\Delta }^2u}{\mathrm{\partial }t}$ is added to the physical model to achieve energy stability, with ETD-based multi-step approximations and Fourier collocation spectral method applied in the time integral and spatial discretization of the evolution equation, respectively. Long time energy stability and detailed 𝓁∞(0,T;𝓁2) error analysis are provided based on the energy method, with a careful estimate of the aliasing error. In addition, numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the energy decay and convergence rate.
On the influence of thermal processes on the dynamics of a drill during deep hole machining
Authors: Kondratenko Leonid , Mironova Lubov
Published: November 2019

Deep drilling process has been studied and dynamic features of interaction the cutting part of the gun drill with the detail have been identified. Thermal processes of cutting and heat sinking in the interacting chains were analyzed: “heat source – workpiece”; “heat source - chips”; heat source – tool”; “heat source – cooling liquid”. It has been noted that the vibrations lead to the loss of dimensional accuracy of the part fabrication as well as hole surface quality. Mathematical dependence of the longitudinal and torsional oscillations of the cutting drill bit is determined and the influence of heat flow pulsations on the friction coefficients and cutting force is revealed.
Development of technology for robotic laser welding of thin-walled products from heat-resistant alloys
Authors: Krylova S.E. , Goltyapin M.I. , Olesnin S.P. , Zavyalov V.A.
Published: November 2019

The results of testing the modes of robotic laser welding of spatial welded joints of thin-walled products from heat-resistant steels are considered. Comparative studies of the influence of the parameters of various methods of industrial welding on the metallography of the weld and the technological strength of the welded joint are presented. The resistance of welded joints against the formation of crystallization (hot) cracks is evaluated.
The effectiveness of facade systems
Authors: Umnyakova Nina , Bessonov Igor , Zhukov Alex , Zinoveva Ekaterina
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the results of studying the thermotechnical properties and energy saving factors of insulation systems based on mineral wool products and products based on extruded polystyrene foam under conditions close to natural ones. The studies were carried out on the basis of the hypothesis according to which the heat-saving characteristics of the facade insulation systems are most dependent on the thermal resistance along the surface of the wall, on the thermotechnical uniformity of the insulating sheath and on the stability of the properties of the heat-insulating materials under real operating conditions. The implemented complex made it possible to establish that the smallest difference between the air temperature in the room and the surface temperature in the lower zone was achieved on a fragment of the building envelope with a mounted facade system with XPS as insulation. For the same type of facade system, the maximum heat transfer resistance in the lower zone of the building envelope was reached - 2.72 m2 ° C / W for the cold period of the year, which significantly exceeds the characteristics of the system of mounted ventilated facades with mineral wool thermal insulation in the corresponding zones. The factor of “additional warming” from the soil, which is used to justify the rejection of warming in the buried part of the structure, does not work in the cold season. Flooding at thezone with the junction of the wall with the soil significantly affects the values and nature of the distribution of operating humidity inside the insulation layers.
Research modular tool system influence on the dynamic characteristics of the boring machines
Authors: Rivkin Alexey
Published: November 2019

The article presents the analysis of modern modular tooling systems (MTS). The calculations of the stiffness of joints modules compounds «Yartim-Flex» and dynamic research of spindles of machine tools models IR-320PMF30 and 2D450F2, equipped with this modular tool system.
Sectional automatic adjustment of catalyst layers in gas and liquid phase reactors
Authors: Merentsov Nikolay , Persidskiy Alexander , Topilin Mikhail , Golovanchikov Alexander
Published: November 2019

The paper provides a new approach to the high-quality implementation of gas-liquid and catalytic gas-and liquid-phase reactions in displacement reactors. The authors have described the scheme and algorithm for automatic control of the parameters of the catalyst layer. The authors have developed algorithms (mode) for automatic adjustment of the hydrodynamic and thermal modes of the catalytic section and also the principle of automatic adjustment of the system to a gradual or impulse adjusting mode which in case of liquid-phase reaction products results in active dispersion and mutual mixing of reaction products and sharp activation of hydrodynamic and diffusion processes. The article also covers the main requirements for elastically deformable catalytic layers and the advantages of using metalworking machines wastes as adjustable catalyst layers which will have a very significant environmental effect within the recycling and remarketing program.
Thermal power stabilization of shapes of non-rigid shafts
Authors: Bobrowskii Alexander V. , Drachev Oleg I. , Turbin Igor V. , Epishkin Vyacheslav E.
Published: November 2019

This article reviews the design of thermal power units for performing thermal operations of hardening and tempering of non-rigid parts of the “shaft” type. The authors describe the thermal power treatmenttechnology, the residual deformation analysis and the optimal conditionsdefinition. The units operation principles and algorithms are given.
Stabilization device for hydraulic drive of an electric generator on a vehicle
Authors: Lepeshkin Alexander , Medvedev Alexander , Mihajlin Alexander
Published: November 2019

The paper considers the design of a hydraulic drive of an additional electric generator installed on a car, which should provide stable electrical power to consumers with standard parameters (voltage 220 (380) V, frequency 50 Hz). To solve this problem a hydraulic regulator for a hydraulic drive connected to the motor shaft of the vehicle was proposed, it automatically stabilizes the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor shaft and the generator shaft connected to it. In this case a stable frequency current by the generator is obtained. The authors carried out selection of hydraulic machines for the proposed hydraulic drive with a rated power of generated current of 8 kW as well as a quasistatic analysis of its operation was performed.
Measures to ensure road traffic safety on controlled intersections
Authors: Novikov Aleksandr , Novikov Ivan , Shevtsova Anastasiya
Published: November 2019

The paper discusses a new approach to ensuring the safety of controlled intersections. In the course of research, the authors found a change in the main characteristics of the traffic flow, which requires constant monitoring in the implementation of the intersection control using a traffic light. The heterogeneity of the composition of the traffic flow is determined and the influence of this parameter on the duration of the resolving signal is established. In addition, the authors determined the influence of weather conditions on the duration of the traffic light cycle and developed an approach to take into account changes in this factor in the calculation of the mode of operation of the traffic light object. As a result of the model experiment, the economic and environmental efficiency of the developed approach is determined. The results obtained in the course of the study are an integral part in the implementation of intelligent transport systems, which confirms the relevance and feasibility of the study. The use of this approach, in addition to integration into the its system, allows to reduce the accident rate of controlled intersections due to the rational distribution of the time of the traffic light object and reduce vehicle delays on the approaches, which together ensures the safety of regulated areas.
The problem of forecasting emergency situations of technical objects
Authors: Sokolova Ekaterina , Sokolov Andrey
Published: November 2019

The problem of edge state forecasting has a wide field of application. To begin with, it arises when one develops a technical diagnostics system as the problem of forecasting emergency situations of technical objects. When the ecological system is concerned it appears as the problem of forecasting unfavorable development of the ecological situation. In case of investment analysis it evolves as the problem of forecasting the risks of no profit. In medical diagnostic automated systems it is the forecasting disease progression and transition.