bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’orientation des bacheliers professionnels en Staps et Art sous le prisme de la vocation
Authors: Danner Magali , Guégnard Christine
Published: September 2019

Cette recherche s’intéresse aux bacheliers professionnels qui se destinent aux métiers du sport et de l’art en commençant un cursus long dans les études supérieures. Engagés dans ces filières qui ne leur sont pas adaptées, ils justifient leur choix par un discours vocationnel. Or, pour la sociologie, la vocation est un élément de distinction qui se fonde, dans le champ sportif et artistique, sur une idéologie du don propre à maintenir un certain ordre social. Celle-ci entretient la croyance que le talent suffit à réussir et attire sous cette doxa, un public diversifié. Les statistiques ne laissent cependant aucun doute sur les difficultés auxquelles s’exposent ces bacheliers. Pourtant, le propos de cet article n’est pas de s’attarder sur la violence symbolique qu’exerce sur eux cette idéologie du don, mais de souligner la façon dont ils s’approprient le discours vocationnel pour se construire une expérience scolaire (enfin) positive et échapper à leur destin de classe.
La fin de la ville providence ? Les paris risqués de l’instrumentation de l’action publique sportive locale. Le cas de la ville de Lyon
Authors: Lemaitre Anne-Sophie , Honta Marina
Published: September 2019

Le secteur du sport est particulièrement ciblé par l’objectif d’économies annoncé dans le cadre de la présentation des orientations du budget 2016 de la Ville de Lyon. Si les décisions politiques incarnent la coercition exercée par la puissance publique en période de difficultés financières, elles ont des effets sur la structuration des relations de pouvoir verticales (entre niveaux de gouvernement) et potentiellement sur le contenu de la politique sportive. Ainsi, suscitent-elles des doutes, voire des craintes, qui peuvent contraindre les capacités de la Ville à transformer ses modes de gouvernement du sport afin d’en assurer la soutenabilité.
Pas si rose, le monde de la petite enfance
Authors: Champlong Fabienne
Published: September 2019

Que voulons-nous de nos bébés ? Que voulons-nous des professionnels de la petite enfance ? Le monde de la petite enfance peut être idyllique et les éducateurs de jeunes enfants ( eje ) en formation n’échappent pas à ces représentations. Les étudiants en formation eje se confrontent rapidement et progressivement à la réalité du bébé « pas si rose ». Ils commenceront, en formation, par acquérir quelques outils, quelques connaissances sur l’enfant pour ensuite apprivoiser, et développer une fonction contenante auprès d’eux. Petit à petit les étudiants vont aussi déployer leur capacité à penser : penser le bébé mais aussi les parents qui l’accompagnent. En effet, l’ eje n’est pas seulement attentif aux jeunes enfants mais également aux parents, aux collectifs d’équipe, dans un cadre institutionnel, législatif, sociétal.
Two-Stage Treatment for Ankylosing Spondylitis With Severe Hip Contracture
Authors: Zeng Yong , Huang Qiangkai , Ma Hongbing , Xu Bing
Published: September 2019

Ankylosing spondylitis is a progressive inflammatory disease that often involves the hip, causing deformities and dysfunction. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) may be used, but contracture of the hip joint in ankylosing spondylitis makes THA technically difficult and leads to poor efficacy. This retrospective study describes a novel 2-stage surgical treatment for ankylosing spondylitis of the hip and evaluates its efficacy relative to THA alone. Patients with ankylosing spondylitis and severe hip flexion contracture treated between 2011 and 2017 were assigned to either an experimental group or an age-matched control group (n=12 each) based on receiving, respectively, soft tissue release of the hip joint, femoral osteotomy, and supracondylar bone traction (stage I) and THA (stage II) or THA only. Clinical and radiological data included preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up Harris Hip Score and visual analog scale score, hip range of motion, femoral nerve injury, and heterotopic ossification. Both groups had significant corrections after surgery. At the final follow-up, the experimental group had significantly higher Harris Hip Scores and range of motion in extension compared with the control group, significantly more reduction in visual analog scale score, and no femoral nerve injury. The novel 2-stage surgery for patients with ankylosing spondylitis and severe hip flexion contracture is effective for restoring hip function and improving patients' quality of life, having fewer complications than traditional THA alone. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(6):e502–e506.]
Negative Pressure Incisional Therapy and Infection After Direct Anterior Approach Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Tyagi Vineet , Kahan Joseph , Huang Patrick , Leslie Michael P. , Rubin Lee E. , Gibson David H.
Published: September 2019

With the aging of the US population, total hip arthroplasty (THA) is becoming an increasingly common procedure. A major concern after THA is reducing infection rates, as infections can cause devastating complications. Improved sterile technique, standardized infection control protocols, and novel dressings have been used to reduce postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs). The use of either silver-impregnated dry dressings or easily applied incisional negative pressure dressings is aimed at reducing the rates of SSIs after primary anterior THA. The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 275 patients who underwent anterior THA at their institution during a 1-year period. Patients were separated into groups based on their surgical dressing. Rates of SSI were documented, and the effects of various factors, including age, sex, body mass index, and comorbidities, were compared between the 2 cohorts. The authors also analyzed high-risk patients to determine whether easily applied incisional negative pressure dressings reduced infections. The use of easily applied incisional negative pressure dressings after primary anterior THA did not have a statistically significant impact on SSI rate (
P
=.42). There was also no difference in SSI, readmission, or reoperation in the high-risk group. The goal of using an incisional negative pressure wound therapy device is to help further decrease the risk of SSI. This study's findings suggest that the SSI rate in this group did not differ from that in the standard dressing group, such that the prophylactic use of a negative pressure wound therapy device is not indicated for either standard or high-risk patients undergoing primary anterior approach THA. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(6):e539–e544.]
La transformation des structures démographiques et de la géographie des Européens à Bruxelles entre 2000 et 2018
Authors: Casier Charlotte
Published: September 2019

En 2018, les ressortissants de l’Union européenne représentaient 275 000 individus en Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, c’est-à-dire 23 % de la population domiciliée. C’est le résultat de l’augmentation continue des effectifs de ce groupe entre 2000 et 2018, liée à l’importante immigration issue des nouveaux États membres, de la croissance continue des effectifs français et de la reprise de l’émigration depuis le Sud de l’Europe à partir de 2008. En termes géographiques, la présence des Européens est renforcée entre 2000 et 2015 dans le Sud-Est de la première couronne urbaine, bien que simultanément, l’augmentation importante des effectifs polonais, roumains et bulgares contribue à accroître la présence européenne dans certains quartiers de l’Ouest de Bruxelles.
Resin-Air Two-Phase Flow in Injection Molding Processes: An Application to Polymeric Composite Containing Embedded Metal Wires
Authors: Porto T.R. Nascimento , Barbosa de Lima A.G. , Soares Gomez Ricardo , de Andrade T.H. Freire , Santos de Lima G. , Lima Tresena N. , de Lima W.M. Paiva Barbosa
Published: September 2019

The development of materials with specific properties is a relevant engineering topic. The composite materials, hybrid of metal structures embedded in polymer matrices, are intensively used in mechanical systems in order to obtain materials with high resistance associated to low weight. To fabricate these materials, it is necessary to inject the polymeric resin in a liquid state in mold cavity, which characterizes a multiphase flow as the air present in the mold is repelled by strategically projected outlets. In this sense, a correct knowledge of the flow mechanisms existing in the molding process is necessary to guide the parts manufacture. Through the Ansys FLUENT® software, this work performs a mathematical modeling of the resin transient flow inside a mold where metal wires are located and presents a numerical solution that describes, through calculations of volumetric fractions, velocity and pressure fields, and the fluid dynamic aspects that characterize the liquid molding process. It has been observed that the pressure required to maintain the constant flow at the mold inlet is increased until 80s of the process, when the steady state condition is achieved, that there is a greater resistance to mold filling in the side regions close to the mold wall due to the metal wires arrangement and that the air removal velocity that occurs due to resin injection becomes very low from the moment that resin reaches the mold outlets.
Incidence and predictors of new onset left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic patients with rheumatoid arthritis without overt cardiac disease
Authors: Dal Piaz Elena Costanza , Cioffi Giovanni , Ognibeni Federica , Dalbeni Andrea , Giollo Alessandro , Orsolini Giovanni , Gatti Davide , Idolazzi Luca , Stefenelli Carlo , Rossini Maurizio , Viapiana Ombretta
Published: September 2019

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with higher risk of heart failure. Several studies report that left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), a silent precursor of heart failure, is widely present in RA patients. Very little is known about the factors related to the development of LVDD in this disease. In this study we assessed the incidence and the predictors of new-onset LVDD in RA patients. Two-hundred-ninety-five adults with RA without overt cardiac disease were prospectively analyzed from March 2014 to March 2015 by Doppler echocardiography. Among the 295 subjects evaluated, 217 (73.6%) had normal LV diastolic function and represented the final study population. At 1-year follow-up, 53 of 217 patients (24%) developed LVDD, which was of degree I (mild dysfunction) in all of them. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, lower E/A ratio of transmitral flow (ratio between the peak velocity of early diastolic “E” wave and late diastolic “A” wave of transmitral flow) was independently associated with new-onset LVDD [OR 0.17 (CI 0.09-0.57)], together with older age and higher systolic blood pressure. In a clinical predictive model derived from multivariate analysis, the new-onset LVDD rate event ranged from 0% (patients without any factor) to 75% (patients in whom the three predictors coexisted). A significant portion of patients with RA without overt cardiac disease develop LVDD at 1-year follow-up. This condition can be predicted by a simple clinical model which could improve the clinical management and the prognostic stratification of patients with RA.
Loss of Heterozygosity at Chromosome 16q Is a Negative Prognostic Factor in Korean Pediatric Patients with Favorable Histology Wilms Tumor: A Report of the Korean Pediatric Hematology Oncology Group (K-PHOG)
Authors: Park Jun Eun , Noh O Kyu , Lee Yonghee , Choi Hyoung Soo , Han Jung Woo , Hahn Seung Min , Lyu Chuhl Joo , Lee Ji Won , Yoo Keon Hee , Koo Hong Hoe , Jeong Seon-Yong , Sung Ki Woong
Published: September 2019

Purpose Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at chromosomes 1p and 16q is a poor prognostic factor in favorable histology Wilms tumor (FHWT). This study investigated the prevalence of LOH at 1p and 16q and evaluated its prognostic value in Korean children with FHWT. Materials and Methods We analyzed 101 FHWT patients who were diagnosed between 1996 and 2016 in Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology Oncology Group hospitals. Using paraffin-embedded kidney tissue samples sent from each center, we reviewed LOH at 1p and 16q in each patient and assessed the prognostic value of LOH status for clinical parameters affecting event-free survival (EFS). Results Of the 101 patients, 12 (11.9%) experienced recurrence; the 3-year EFS was 87.6%. LOH at 1p or 16q was detected in 19 patients (18.8%), with five having LOH at both 1q and 16q. The frequency of LOH at 1p was higher among younger patients (p=0.049), but there was no difference in LOH prevalence according to tumor stage. In the multivariate analysis, LOH at 16q was a significant negative prognostic factor affecting EFS (3-year EFS, 73.7% vs. 91.1%; hazard ratio, 3.95; p=0.037), whereas LOH at 1p was not (p=0.786). Conclusion LOH at 16q was a significant negative prognostic factor affecting outcome in Korean pediatric FHWT patients. Due to the small sample size of this study, large-scale multicenter trials are warranted to investigate the prognostic value of LOH at 1p and 16q in Korean children with FHWT.
Hypersurfaces with Prescribed Boundary and Small Steklov Eigenvalues
Authors: Colbois Bruno , Girouard Alexandre , Métras Antoine
Published: September 2019

Given a smooth compact hypersurface $M$ with boundary $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4}=\unicode[STIX]{x2202}M$, we prove the existence of a sequence $M_{j}$ of hypersurfaces with the same boundary as $M$, such that each Steklov eigenvalue $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}_{k}(M_{j})$ tends to zero as $j$ tends to infinity. The hypersurfaces $M_{j}$ are obtained from $M$ by a local perturbation near a point of its boundary. Their volumes and diameters are arbitrarily close to those of $M$, while the principal curvatures of the boundary remain unchanged.
TcTASV Antigens of Trypanosoma cruzi: Utility for Diagnosis and High Accuracy as Biomarkers of Treatment Efficacy in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Floridia-Yapur Noelia , Monje-Rumi Mercedes , Ragone Paula , Lauthier Juan J. , Tomasini Nicolás , Alberti D’Amato Anahí , Diosque Patricio , Cimino Rubén , Gil José F. , Sanchez Daniel O. , Nasser Julio R. , Tekiel Valeria
Published: September 2019

The discovery and characterization of novel parasite antigens to improve the diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi by serological methods and for accurate and rapid follow-up of treatment efficiency are still needed. TcTASV is a T. cruzi–specific multigene family, whose products are expressed on the parasite stages present in the vertebrate host. In a previous work, a mix of antigens from subfamilies TcTASV-A and TcTASV-C (Mix A + C) was sensitive and specific to identify dogs with active infection of high epidemiological relevance. Here, TcTASV-A and TcTASV-C were assayed separately as well as together (Mix A + C) in an ELISA format on human samples. The Mix A + C presented moderate sensitivity (78%) but high diagnostic accuracy with a 100% of specificity, evaluated on healthy, leishmaniasic, and Strongyloides stercoralis infected patients. Moreover, antibody levels of pediatric patients showed—2 years posttreatment—diminished reactivity against the Mix A + C (P < 0.0001), pointing TcTASV antigens as promising tools for treatment follow-up.
Can I Get a Suggestion? Medical Improv as a Tool for Empathy Training in Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents
Authors: Cai Fei , Ruhotina Merima , Bowler Melissa , Howard Elisabeth , Has Phinnara , Frishman Gary N. , Wohlrab Kyle
Published: September 2019

Background

Physician empathy is associated with improved patient outcomes. No studies have examined the outcomes of medical improvisational (improv) training on empathy.

Objective

Our aims were to determine whether an improv workshop is an effective tool to deliver empathy training for obstetrics and gynecology (OB-GYN) residents, and whether that effect is sustained over time.

Methods

We conducted a prospective cohort study of OB-GYN residents undergoing empathy training through 4 improv games in a 1-hour session. Empathy surveys (score range 20–140) with validity evidence were administered 2 weeks prior to empathy training, immediately after, and 1, 3, and 6 months later. Fisher's exact test, Student's t test, and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare statistical differences at each post-intervention assessment.

Results

All 22 invited residents participated in empathy training. Empathy scores improved immediately after (120.0 ± 9.8 versus 113.1 ± 10.6, P = .026), though they regressed toward baseline through 6 months (116.3 ± 11.0 versus 113.1 ± 10.6, P = .43). When asked on a scale of 1–5 how much the workshop would impact their work, there was an increase in scores both immediately after (mean 3.5 versus 4.6, P < .001) and 1 month later (mean 3.5 versus 4.1, P = .039), but this difference disappeared at 6 months.

Conclusions

Using improv comedy to deliver empathy training is associated with a minor improvement in empathy scores in OB-GYN residents, which decreased at 6 months. Residents found the activity to be acceptable and reported the training would impact their clinical practice.
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Hatch David C , Sauciuc Vlad , Wagler Emily C , Schenavar Brian , Armstrong David
Published: September 2019

From antiquity to today, tissue repair and wound healing have played a central role in health. Over the past generation, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has shown itself to be a valuable adjunct in wound healing, with effects that are superior to many traditional wound treatment modalities. Applications of NPWT are widespread, with use seen in management of severe soft tissue loss, prevention of surgical site infections, treatment of diabetic foot ulcers, and improving skin graft survival. This article reviews the biology, mechanics, and therapeutic effects of NPWT, while also discussing social and economic aspects of use. Finally, various possible adjustments and modifications to NPWT are addressed, all of which contribute to the continual evolution of NPWT at the frontier of modern wound healing and surgery.

How to cite this article

Hatch DC, Sauciuc V, Wagler EC, Schenavar B, Armstrong D. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy: Past, Present, and Future. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2016;3(2):80-87.
Pneumothorax in a Patient Posted for Cervical Spine Surgery
Authors: Dalvi Naina P , Virkar Nilam D
Published: September 2019

A 54-year-old female posted for cervical laminectomy was started on antihypertensive drugs on admission. Magnetic resonance imaging showed cervical degeneration with posterior disk herniation at C3—C4 and disk bulge at L5—S1. After attaching the monitors, patient was premedicated and anesthetized. During mask ventilation, abdomen gradually distended. After intubation under vision, reduced air entry on right side and increased resistance was felt during manual ventilation. Salbutamol puff was given through endotracheal tube. Still air entry remained decreased on right side. X-ray and C-arm showed right-sided pneumothorax. Inter-costal drainage (ICD) was inserted in right 5th intercostal space in midaxillary line. Post-ICD X-ray showed significant expansion of right lung. Patient was ventilated and extubated after 4 hours. Highresolution computerized tomography confirmed the diagnosis. Surgery was rescheduled. On the 8th day, patient developed purulent drainage through ICD in the ward. She was diagnosed to have pulmonary Koch's and was treated successfully.

How to cite this article

Dalvi NP, Virkar ND. Pneumothorax in a Patient Posted for Cervical Spine Surgery. Res Inno Anaesth 2016;1(1):32-34.
The influence of typhoons on atmospheric composition deduced from IAGOS measurements over Taipei
Authors: Roux Frank , Clark Hannah , Wang Kuo-Ying , Rohs Susanne , Sauvage Bastien , Nédélec Philippe
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The research infrastructure IAGOS (In-Service Aircraft for a Global Observing System) equips commercial aircraft with instruments to monitor the composition of the atmosphere during flights around the world. In this article, we use data from two China Airlines aircraft based in Taipei (Taiwan) which provided daily measurements of ozone, carbon monoxide and water vapor throughout the summer of 2016. We present time series from the surface to the upper troposphere, of ozone, carbon monoxide and relative humidity near Taipei, focusing on periods influenced by the passage of typhoons. We examine landing and take-off profiles in the vicinity of tropical cyclones using ERA-5 re-analyses to elucidate the origin of the anomalies in the vertical distribution of these chemical species. Results indicate a high ozone content in the upper to middle troposphere upstream of the storms. The high ozone mixing ratios are generally correlated with potential vorticity and anti-correlated with relative humidity, suggesting stratospheric origin. These results suggest that tropical cyclones participate in transporting air from the stratosphere to troposphere and that such transport could be a regular feature of typhoons. After the typhoons passed Taiwan, the tropospheric column is filled with substantially lower ozone mixing ratios due to the rapid uplift of marine boundary layer air. At the same time, the relative humidity increases, and carbon monoxide mixing ratios fall. Locally, therefore, the passage of typhoons has a positive effect on air quality at the surface, cleansing the atmosphere and reducing the mixing ratios of pollutants such as CO and O3.
Relationship between the molecular composition, visible light absorption, and health-related properties of smoldering woodsmoke aerosols
Authors: Chan Lam Kam , Nguyen Khanh Q. , Karim Noreen , Yang Yatian , Rice Robert H. , He Guochun , Denison Michael S. , Nguyen Tran B.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Organic aerosols generated from the smoldering combustion of wood critically impact air quality and health for billions of people worldwide; yet, the links between the chemical components and the optical or biological effects of woodsmoke aerosols (WSA) are still poorly understood. In this work, an untargeted analysis of the molecular composition of smoldering WSA, generated in a controlled environment from nine types of heartwood fuels (African Mahogany, Birch, Cherry, Maple, Pine, Poplar, Red Oak, Redwood, and Walnut) identified several hundred compounds using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nano-electrospray high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) with tandem multistage mass spectrometry (MSn). The effects of WSA on cell toxicity, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)- and estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent gene expression were characterized with cellular assays, and the visible mass absorption coefficients (MACvis) of WSA were measured with UV-visible spectroscopy. The WSA studied in this work have significant levels of biological and toxicological activity, with exposure levels in both an outdoor and indoor environment similar to or greater than those of other toxicants. A correlation between the HRMS molecular composition and aerosol properties found that phenolic compounds from the oxidative decomposition of lignin were the main drivers of aerosol effects, while the cellulose decomposition products played a secondary role, e.g., levoglucosan was anti-correlated with multiple effects. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were not expected to form at the combustion temperature in this work, nor were observed above the detection limit; thus, biological and optical properties of the smoldering WSA are not attributed to PAHs. Syringyl compounds tend to correlate with cell toxicity, while the more conjugated molecules (including several compounds assigned to dimers) had higher AhR activity and MACvis. The negative correlation between cell toxicity and AhR activity suggests that the toxicity of WSA to cells was not mediated by the AhR. Both mass-normalized biological outcomes had a statistically-significant dependence on the degree of combustion of the wood. In addition, our observations support that the visible light absorption of WSA is at least partially due to charge transfer effects in aerosols, as previously suggested. Finally, MACvis had no correlation with toxicity or receptor signaling, suggesting that key chromophores are not biologically active on the endpoints tested.
Assimilation of GNSS tomography products into the Weather Research and Forecasting model using radio occultation data assimilation operator
Authors: Hanna Natalia , Trzcina Estera , Möller Gregor , Rohm Witold , Weber Robert
Published: September 2019

Abstract. From Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signals,
accurate and high-frequency atmospheric parameters can be determined in
all-weather conditions. GNSS tomography is a technique that takes advantage
of these parameters, especially of slant troposphere observations between
GNSS receivers and satellites, traces these signals through a 3-D grid of
voxels, and estimates by an inversion process the refractivity of the water
vapour content within each voxel. In the last years, the GNSS tomography
development focused on numerical methods to stabilize the solution, which
has been achieved to a great extent. Currently, we are facing new challenges
and possibilities in the application of GNSS tomography in numerical weather
forecasting, the main research objective of this paper. In the first
instance, refractivity fields were estimated using two different GNSS
tomography models (TUW, WUELS), which cover the area of central Europe
during the period of 29 May–14 June 2013, when heavy-precipitation events
were observed. For both models, slant wet delays (SWDs) were calculated based
on estimates of zenith total delay (ZTD) and horizontal gradients, provided
for 88 GNSS sites by Geodetic Observatory Pecny (GOP). In total, three sets
of SWD observations were tested (set0 without compensation for hydrostatic
anisotropic effects, set1 with compensation of this effect, set2 cleaned by
wet delays outside the inner voxel model), in order to assess the impact of
different factors on the tomographic solution. The GNSS tomography outputs
have been assimilated into the nested (12 and 36 km horizontal resolution)
Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, using its three-dimensional
variational data assimilation (WRFDA 3D-Var) system, in particular, its radio
occultation observation operator (GPSREF). As only total refractivity is
assimilated in GPSREF, it was calculated as the sum of the hydrostatic part
derived from the ALADIN-CZ model and the wet part from the GNSS tomography.
We compared the results of the GNSS tomography data assimilation to the
radiosonde (RS) observations. The validation shows the improvement in the
weather forecasting of relative humidity (bias, standard deviation) and
temperature (standard deviation) during heavy-precipitation events. Future
improvements to the assimilation method are also discussed.
A GIS-based three-dimensional landslide generated waves height calculation
method
Authors: Yu Guo , Xie Mowen , Bu Lei , Farooq Asim
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Combined with the spatial data processing capability of geographic information systems (GIS), a three-dimensional (3D) landslide surge height calculation method is proposed based on grid column units. First, the data related to the landslide are rasterized to form grid columns, and a force analysis model of 3D landslides is established. Combining the vertical strip method with Newton's laws of motion, dynamic equilibrium equations are established to solve for the surge height. Moreover, a 3D landslide surge height calculation expansion module is developed in the GIS environment, and the results are compared with those of the two-dimensional Pan Jiazheng method. Comparisons show that the maximum surge height obtained by the proposed method is 24.6 % larger than that based on the Pan Jiazheng method. Compared with the traditional two-dimensional method, the 3D method proposed in this paper better represents the actual spatial state of the landslide and is more suitable for risk assessment.
A joint probabilistic index for objective drought identification: the
case study of Haiti
Authors: Monteleone Beatrice , Bonaccorso Brunella , Martina Mario
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Since drought is a multifaceted phenomenon, more than one variable should be considered for a proper understanding of such extreme event in order to implement adequate risk mitigation strategies such as weather or agricultural indices insurance programs, or disaster risk financing tools. This paper proposes a new composite drought index that accounts for both meteorological and agricultural drought conditions, by combining in a probabilistic framework two consolidated drought indices: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Vegetation Health Index (VHI). The new index, called Probabilistic Precipitation Vegetation Index (PPVI), is scalable, transferable all over the globe and can be updated in near-real time. Furthermore, it is a remote-sensing product, since precipitation are retrieved from satellite and the VHI is a remote-sensing index. In addition, a set of rules to objectively identify drought events is developed and implemented. Both the index and the set of rules have been applied to Haiti. The performance of PPVI has been evaluated by means of the Receiver Operating Characteristics curve and compared to the ones of SPI and VHI considered separately. The new index outperformed SPI and VHI both in drought identification and characterization, thus revealing potential for an effective implementation within drought early warning systems.
Asthenospheric anelasticity effects on ocean tide loading in the East China Sea region observed with GPS
Authors: Wang Junjie , Penna Nigel T. , Clarke Peter J. , Bos Machiel S.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Anelasticity may decrease the shear modulus of the asthenosphere by 8–10 % at semi-diurnal tidal periods compared with the reference 1 s period of seismological Earth models. We show that such anelastic effects are likely to be significant for ocean tide loading displacement at the M2 tidal period around the East China Sea. By comparison with tide gauge observations, we establish that NAO99Jb is the most accurate numerical ocean tide model in this region, and that related errors in the predicted M2 vertical ocean tide loading displacements will be 0.2–0.5 mm. In contrast, GPS observations on the Ryukyu Islands (Japan), with uncertainty 0.2–0.3 mm, show discrepancies of over 1.5 mm with respect to ocean tide loading displacements predicted using the purely elastic radial Preliminary Reference Earth Model. We show that the use of an anelastic PREM-based Earth model reduces these discrepancies to no more than 0.8 mm, which is of the same order as the sum of the remaining errors due to uncertainties in the ocean tide model and the GPS observations. Use of a regional Earth model based on the laterally-varying S362ANI, with or without further empirical tuning, results in minor additional improvements in fit.
Snow cover variations across China from 1952–2012
Authors: Huang Xiaodong , Liu Changyu , Wang Yunlong , Feng Qisheng , Liang Tiangang
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Based on a snow depth (SD) dataset retrieved from meteorological stations, this experiment explored snow indices including SD, snow covered days (SCDs), and snow phenology variations in China from 1952 to 2012. The results indicated that the snow in China exhibits regional differences, and the snow cover is mainly concentrated in three snow cover areas in Northeast China, northern Xinjiang and the Tibetan Plateau. In China, the annual average SD showed an increasing trend, and the increases in the average snow depth (SDaverage), cumulative snow depth (SDoverall) and maximum snow depth (SDmax) reached 0.04 cm, 0.05 cm and 0.07 cm per decade, respectively. The significant increases were mainly concentrated in areas higher than 40° N latitude, especially in Northeast China. The SDaverage, SDoveralland SDmax jump points are mainly in 1956, 1957, 1978, and 1987. In the first main period, the SDoverall oscillation in China is relatively stable, and its average period is approximately 13 years. The SCDs showed an increasing trend, with an increase of 0.5 days per decade. The significant increases in SCDs were also concentrated in areas higher than 40° N latitude, especially in Northeast China.However, in the Tibetan Plateau, the decrease in the SCDs reached 0.1 days per decade. In snow phenology, the snow duration days (SDDs) of China decreased, and 17.4 % of the meteorological stations showed significant decreasing trends. This result is mainly caused by the postponement of the snow onset date (SOD) and the advancement of the snow end date (SED). Geographical factors, including latitude, longitude and altitude, affect snow cover distribution directly and indirectly. The squared multiple correlations of SDDs and SCDs are greater than 0.9. Among the effects of SDDs and SCDs, the largest standardized total effect is from altitude on the SDDs, and the effect reaches 0.8.
Incorporating moisture content in surface energy balance modeling of a debris-covered glacier
Authors: Giese Alexandra , Boone Aaron , Wagnon Patrick , Hawley Robert
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Few surface energy balance models for debris-covered glaciers account for the presence of moisture in the debris, which invariably affects the debris layer's thermal properties and, in turn, the surface energy balance and sub-debris melt of a debris-covered glacier. We adapted the Interactions between Soil, Biosphere, and Atmosphere (ISBA) land surface model within the SURFace EXternalisée (SURFEX) platform to represent glacier debris rather than soil. The new ISBA-DEBris model includes the varying content, transport, and state of moisture in debris with depth and through time. It robustly simulates not only the thermal evolution of the glacier-debris-snow column but also moisture transport and phase changes within the debris – and how these, in turn, affect conductive and latent heat fluxes. We discuss the key developments in the adapted ISBA-DEB and demonstrate the capabilities of the model, including how the time- and depth-varying thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity depend on evolving temperature and moisture. Sensitivity tests emphasize the importance of accurately constraining the roughness lengths and surface slope. Emissivity, in comparison to other tested parameters, has less of an effect on melt. ISBA-DEB builds on existing work to represent the energy balance of a supraglacial debris layer through time in its novel application of a land surface model to debris covered glaciers. Comparison of measured and simulated debris temperatures suggests that ISBA-DEB includes some – but not all – processes relevant to melt under highly permeable debris. Future work, informed by further observations, should explore the importance of advection and vapor transfer.
Multi-physics ensemble snow modelling in the western Himalaya
Authors: Pritchard David M. W. , Forsythe Nathan , O'Donnell Greg , Fowler Hayley J. , Rutter Nick
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Combining multiple data sources with multi-physics simulation frameworks offers new potential to extend snow model inter-comparison efforts to the Himalaya. This study evaluates the importance and performance of different snowpack process representations for simulating snow cover and runoff dynamics in the region. Focusing on the Astore catchment in the upper Indus basin, a spatially distributed version of the Factorial Snowpack Model (FSM) was driven by climate fields from the High Asia Refined Analysis (HAR) dynamical downscaling product. Ensemble performance was evaluated using observed runoff and MODIS remote sensing of snow-covered area, albedo and land surface temperature. The results show that FSM ensemble spread depends primarily on the interactions between parameterisations of albedo and snowpack hydrology when applied in the western Himalaya. These interactions incur variation in the importance of other model choices, most notably the atmospheric stability adjustment. Although no single FSM configuration performs best in all years, applying the prognostic albedo parameterisation while accounting for liquid water retention, refreezing and drainage leads to the highest overall performance. Years when this is not the case tend to coincide with probable inaccuracies in HAR climate inputs. While the results indicate that ensemble spread and errors may be notably lower in anomaly space, FSM configurations show substantial differences in their absolute sensitivity to climate variation. Therefore, a subset of the ensemble should be retained for climate change projections, namely those members including both prognostic albedo and snowpack hydrology, while additional stability adjustment options should be tested.
Performance, Ingestive Behavior and Gastrointestinal Helminths Control of Suckling Lambs Supplemented in Creep-Fed and Not Supplemented in Tropical Pastures
Authors: Melo Gleice Kelli Ayardes de , Ítavo Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira , Ítavo Luís Carlos Vinhas , Borges Fernando De Almeida , Dias Alexandre Menezes , Morais Maria Da Graça , Silva Jonilson Araújo da , Silva Pâmila Carolini Gonçalves da , Ferelli Kedma Leonora Silva Monteiro , Reis Fernando Alvarenga
Published: September 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance, ingestive behavior and gastrointestinal helminths control of suckling lambs raised on pastures of Brachiaria ssp. supplemented in creep-fed and not supplemented. Thirty-one lambs being 15 lambs in the control treatment (without supplementation) and 16 lambs in the creep feeding treatment (with protein-energetic supplementation) were evaluated. Performance of lambs supplemented was superior to lambs no-supplemented. Lambs without supplemented had weaning age of 81 days and an average gain of 194 grams. Lambs supplemented showed weaning age of 58 days and average daily gain of 268 grams. eggs per gram of stool (EPG) count in the control treatment was 4553, while in the creep feeding treatment the mean was 763. The morbidity rate caused by gastrointestinal helminths in the control treatment was 6.6% and there was no morbidity due to helminths in the treatment creep feeding. The morbidity rate due to hepatogenic intoxication was 46.6% in control and 12.5% in the lambs supplemented. The ingestion of protein-energy supplementation in creep feeding promoted an increase in productive performance of lambs, as well as increased resistance and tolerance to gastrointestinal infections and decreased cases of hepatogenic intoxication by ingestion of Brachiaria spp.
The Silent Topic of Sexual Child Abuse in Sports in the Academic Literature: How Network Governance, Public Branding, and Design-Oriented Public Administration Provide Avenues for Future Research
Authors: Stevens Vidar
Published: September 2019

In recent years, the topic of sexual child abuse in sports has become a topical issue on the political agenda of many Western countries. Remarkably, where governments have undertaken new policy steps to get a hold on the issue of sexual child abuse in sports, the issue has been a silent topic in the academic literature. Up until 2010, several scholarly articles have been devoted to the topic. Since then, the amount of publications has risen to over one hundred articles, with publication peaks in 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018. The articles come from different academic disciplines ranging from psychology and criminology to sport sciences, sociology and sport ethics. Given the urgency and relevance of the topic and the immaturity of the research field, we believe it is time to summarize the current literature and propose future directions in such a way that new scientific insights can be of added value to governments’ efforts to decrease the amount of child victims of sexual abuse in sport contexts.
El comportamiento infraestructural: prácticas relacionales en torno a la materia urbana
Authors: Vergara Vidal Jorge Eduardo , Asenjo Muñoz Diego
Published: September 2019

Tomando en cuenta el efecto relacional que tienen los métodos con que recabamos información de lo que nos rodea, el articulo explora cómo a partir de la captura y representación datos referidos a la materialidad de las edificaciones en Chile, se dibuja un comportamiento distributivo que es también un modo de disposición diferente al que se desarrolla en torno a las tipologías arquitectónicas y a los tipos de ciudades. Los instrumentos y datos observados ayudan a ello, en la medida en que inscriben la referencia de las edificaciones sin considerar su forma o su función final, permiten la observación una cualidad propiamente infraestructural de la materia.
¿Qué capitalismo? Notas sobre la teoría marxista de la dependencia
Authors: Miranda Gabriel , Lemos de Paiva Ilana , Potiguara de Moraes Lima Nathália
Published: September 2019

El presente ensayo pretende aportar con algunas reflexiones sobre la teoría marxista de la dependencia a partir de Ruy Mauro Marini, Marcelo Carnanholo y Jaime Osorio. Este manuscrito desarrolla y reflexiona de manera particular sobre los conceptos de dependencia y superexplotación en los autores mencionados. Estas reflexiones son usadas como una perspectiva analítica para la comprensión de la realidad social de los países ubicados en la periferia del capitalismo global, como los países latinoamericanos, pero poniendo especial énfasis en la realidad de Brasil. Se espera que las discusiones propuestas puedan ampliar el debate en el campo de la sociología crítica.
Nutritional assessment and yield of corn as a function of boron rates and zinc fertilization
Authors: Nogueira Lais Meneghini , Teixeira Filho Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto , Megda Márcio Mahmoud , Galindo Fernando Shintate , Buzetti Salatiér , Alves Cleiton José
Published: September 2019

Brazilian Cerrado soils are commonly deficient in boron (B) and zinc (Zn). It is still debated whether B and Zn interaction has a synergistic or antagonistic effect on the absorption thereof. Thus, we conducted this study to evaluate the effect of boron rates (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 kg ha?1, as boric acid), with or without zinc fertilization (2 kg ha?1 Zn, as zinc sulfate), on corn nutritional status and grain yield. We also assessed the residual effect of such fertilization on the fall corn crop grown on an Oxisol in a no-tillage system. A synergistic effect between B and Zn was observed on corn nutritional status when applied to the soil at rates of up to 2 kg ha?1, with higher soil contents resulting from the interaction between these micronutrients. Zinc fertilization and increasing boron rates had no significant influence on corn grain yield in both spring/summer and fall crops, grown on a boron-deficient, clayey soil of Cerrado biome.
Characterization of gelatins from Nile tilapia skins preserved by freezing and salting
Authors: Bordignon Adriana Cristina , Souza Maria Luiza Rodrigues de , Gasparino Eliane , Yajima Edson Minoru , Visentainer Jesuí Vergílio , Goes Elenice Souza dos Reis
Published: September 2019

After Nile tilapia skin was preserved using the methods of freezing and dry salting, characteristics of skin gelatin were evaluated with regard to yield, rheological features and physical and chemical properties. Preservation was performed after filleting, at which time skins were either frozen (-18°C) for 7 days or salted (25°C) for 7 days. Although no differences (p > 0.05) were observed with respect to humidity, protein, lipid, ash and calcium levels, gelatin from salted skins had a higher concentration of iron relative to frozen skins. Further, twenty-three fatty acids were detected in salted skins compared with merely three found in skin derived gelatin. Of amino acids found, glycine, alanine, proline and arginine were the most abundant. Hydroxyproline abundance in salted and frozen skin gelatin were 8.76% and 8.71%, respectively. In addition, salted skin gelatins had a greater accumulation of saturated fatty acids and lower rates of monounsaturated fatty acids. Salted skin gelatin had the highest yield (18g × 100g-1), gel strength (200 g) and viscosity (19.02mPas) when compared to the yield (17g × 100g-1), gel strength (12.7g) and viscosity (9.16 mPas) of frozen skins. Results show that gelatin from dry salted skin had the best yield and also had relatively better rheological properties, more iron, and better coloration relative to gelatin obtained from frozen skins of Nile tilapia.
Supplementation of cows with linseed: effects on antral follicle count, oocyte quality, and nutritional and plasma metabolite parameters
Authors: Cardoso Christopher Junior Tavares , Lima Ana Caroline Bini de , Silva Wilian Aparecido Leite da , Souza-Cáceres Mirela Brochado , Pereira Daniela Moraes , Oliveira Marcus Vinicius Morais de , Nogueira Ériklis , Melo-Sterza Fabiana de Andrade
Published: September 2019

Linseed is distinguished by its composition of fatty acids, which are rich in unsaturated acids, and by the slow release of oil in the rumen, consequently providing a greater amount of lipids of interest for intestinal absorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of linseed supplementation on the antral follicle count (AFC) and oocyte quality of Girolando cows, as well as their digestive parameters and plasma metabolite. Twelve Girolando cows were used in the study and were randomly distributed in two experimental groups: control (CTL, n = 6) and linseed (LINS, n = 6). During the 126 days of supplementation, seven transvaginal ultrasound-guided ovum pick-up (OPU) sessions were performed at intervals of 21 days. AFC was performed in each OPU session. The cows fed with linseed showed no significant difference in the dry matter coefficient of digestibility (63.11 and 62.88), crude protein (62.7 and 55.26), neutral detergent fiber (NDF; 75.36 and 77.15), or acid detergent fiber (ADF; 72.45 and 74.77) for LINS and CTL, respectively. On the contrary, a higher level of ethereal extract was observed for LINS (69.31 vs. 40.7). There was no effect (p > 0.05) of lipid supplementation on plasma metabolite between groups and OPU sessions. There was no difference (p > 0.05) in the mean number of antral follicles (CTL: 31.14 ± 1.97; LINS: 25.52 ± 2.68), cumulus oocyte complexes recovered (CTL: 6.45 ± 1.66; LINS: 5.28 ± 1.18), or oocyte quality (CTL: 60.48% ± 8.46; LINS: 64.54% ± 7.77). The supplementation of 800g of linseed in the diet of Girolando cows did not alter the apparent digestibility of nutrients, AFC, or quality of oocytes obtained by OPU.
Technological indicators and productive performance of dairy cattle farming in the city of Rondon do Pará, state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Soares Bruno Cabral , Santos Marcos Antônio Souza dos , Sena Ana Laura dos Santos , Santana Antônio Cordeiro de , Rodrigues Filho José Adérito , Homma Alfredo Kingo Oyama , Silva André Guimarães Maciel e , Lourenço Júnior José de Brito
Published: September 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the technological level and productive performance of the milk producing units of the municipality of Rondon do Pará in the state of Pará. Data were collected through interviews with questionnaires, conducted at 55 dairy farms, which accounted for 43.3% of the milked cows in the municipality. The factors that characterize the systems of bovine milk production were estimated by means of factorial analysis using 12 variables representative of the production units surveyed. Five factors were extracted: F1 = size of the enterprise; F2 = environment and nutrition; F3 = technical assistance and herd management; F4 = animal health; F5 = schooling. From the scores associated with each factor, the index for productive performance of dairy cattle (DFPI) was calculated. The properties were classified into three levels of productive performance, including two considered to have a high level of DFPI, 16 with intermediate productive performance and 37 considered to have a low level of DFPI. There is a need to adopt technologies that promote the productive performance of dairy cattle in Rondon do Pará, as well as enable adaptation to socio-environmental public policies, with the aim of strengthening sustainable rural production through strategic actions that facilitate an increased technological level in farming systems production.