bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paraganglioma presenting as stress cardiomyopathy: case report and literature review
Authors: Ferreira Ana Gonçalves , Nunes da Silva Tiago , Alegria Sofia , Cordeiro Maria Carlos , Portugal Jorge
Published: April 2019

Pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) are neuroendocrine tumors that can secrete catecholamines. The authors describe a challenging case who presented as stress cardiomyopathy and myocardial infarction (MI). A 76-year-old man, with a medical history of Parkinson’s disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and a previous inferior MI in 2001, presented to the emergency department due to chest pain, headaches and vomiting. He also reported worsening blood glucose levels and increasing constipation over the preceding weeks. BP was 185/89 mmHg (no other relevant findings). EKG had ST segment depression in leads V2-V6, T troponin was 600 ng/L (<14) and the echocardiogram showed left ventricular hypokinesia with mildly compromised systolic function. Nevertheless, he rapidly progressed to severe biventricular dysfunction. Coronary angiogram showed a 90% anterior descendent coronary artery occlusion (already present in 2001), which was treated with angioplasty/stenting. In the following days, a very labile BP profile and unexplained sinus tachycardia episodes were observed. Because of sustained severe constipation, the patient underwent an abdominal CT that revealed a retroperitoneal, heterogeneous, hypervascular mass on the right (62 × 35 mm), most likely a paraganglioma. Urinary metanephrines were increased several fold. 68Ga-DOTANOC PET-CT scan showed increased uptake in the abdominal mass (no evidence of disease elsewhere). He was started on a calcium-channel blocker and alpha blockade and underwent surgery with no major complications. Eight months after surgery, the patient has no evidence of disease. Genetic testing was negative for known germline mutations. This was a challenging diagnosis, but it was essential for adequate cardiovascular stabilization and to reduce further morbidity.

Learning points:

PPGL frequently produces catecholamines and can manifest with several cardiovascular syndromes, including stress cardiomyopathy and myocardial infarction.

Even in the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD), PPGL should be suspected if signs or symptoms attributed to catecholamine excess are present (in this case, high blood pressure, worsening hyperglycaemia and constipation).

Establishing the correct diagnosis is important for adequate treatment choice.

Inodilators and mechanical support might be preferable options (if available) for cardiovascular stabilization prior to alpha blockade and surgery.

Laboratory interference should be suspected irrespective of metanephrine levels, especially in the context of treated Parkinson’s disease.
12-Years Experience of Implanted Venous Access Port Systems in Children with Cancer in a Multidisciplinary Hospital: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Olkhova Lyudmila V. , Popov Vladimir E.
Published: April 2019

Background. Advances in oncology and hematology-oncology are associated with the development of advanced treatment programs. The main role among them one belongs to chemotherapy. Therapy requires adequate venous access and the most optimal is a fully-implantable venous system (venous port) that meets all the requirements for long-term and intermittent administration of drugs. Objective. The aim of our study was to analyze the experience of using IVAPS in the treatment of children with cancer in a multidisciplinary hospital. Methods. A retrospective study of the implantation of 192 IVAPS in children in the Morozovskaya State Children’s Clinical Hospital for 12 years from 2004 to 2015 was conducted. The average age of patients at the time of implantation is 53 months — 4 years and 4 months. The ratio by gender was equal. IVAPS were implanted under X-ray control in a surgery room by puncture technique in the subclavian and / or jugular veins mainly in patients with solid tumors (175/192; 91,2%), and with hemoblastomas (17/192; 8,8%). Results. The average lifetime of the IVAPS is 24 months. Intraoperative complications and complications in the short term (up to 30 days from the moment of implantation) were noted in 44/192 (23%) cases, in the long term (more than 30 days) — in 34/192 (17.7%). All intraoperative complications were resolved during surgery. In the long-term period, infection of the IVAPS was detected in 12 (6.25%) cases: gram-positive flora in 7/12 (58.3%) cases, gram-negative flora in 5/12 (41.7%); in 17/192 (8.9%) — thrombosis of the IVAPS, in 2/192 (1%) — violation of the integrity of the port-system. IVAPS were removed in 78/192 (40.6%) cases: due to the end of treatment — 66/78 (84.6%), due to infection — 12/78 (15.4%). 45/191 (23.6%) patients died from progression of the underlying disease, 89/191 (46.6%) achieved remission, 32/191 (16.8%) continue treatment, 25/191 (13.1%) dropped out from under observation. Conclusion. Considering the intensification of treatment protocols, it is reasonable to recommend the use of IVAPS in the treatment of children with cancer.
‘Money spoils the medicine’
Authors: Krah Eva
Published: April 2019

In this article, I use classical anthropological and sociological theory on exchange to explain the robustness of the cultural economy of healing in Northern Ghana. While many scholars have argued that health care in Africa should be understood through the lens of neoliberal marketization, ethnographic research among Mamprusi healers shows that practices of traditional healing are firmly embedded in a cultural system of exchange. Although confronted with an expanding monetary economy, the healers adhere to the local credo that ‘money spoils the medicine’. This alludes to an approach to healing characterized by a kind of reciprocity that reflects (post-)Maussian principles of gift exchange. Drawing on these principles, I propose to complement our understanding of exchange with the concept of ‘moral monies’. As peculiar monetary (counter)gifts, these serve as instruments to reconcile contemporary monetary needs with the sociocultural, moral, and historical institutions in which traditional health care is rooted.
A journey through chronic illness
Authors: Crowder Jerome W. , Crowder Winston P.
Published: April 2019

n/a
Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Çağında Kurumların Sürdürülebilirlik Yaklaşımı: Oteller Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: CANPOLAT Nesrin , ÖZTÜRK Ebru
Published: April 2019

Sürdürülebilir kalkınma kurumların işleyişlerinde ekonomik, çevresel ve sosyal parametreler arasındaki bağlılığı hesaba katmaları gereken bir süreci ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda da günümüz sürdürülebilir kalkınma çağında kurumların sürdürülebilirlik yaklaşımı önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada da kurumların sürdürülebilirlik yaklaşımları sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın temel hedeflerini bünyesinde toplayan sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın üç temel stratejik boyutu (ekonomik, çevresel ve sosyal) esasında ele alınmaktadır. Araştırmada anket yöntemi kullanılmaktadır, anket soruları literatür taraması sonucu elde edilen çalışmalardan ve Otellerin Sürdürülebilirlik Raporlarından yola çıkılarak yapılandırılmıştır. Sorular otellerin sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın ekonomik, çevresel ve sosyal boyutu temelinde attıkları adımlar hakkında ipuçları verecek şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini turizm sektöründe faaliyet gösteren otellerin yöneticileri oluşturmakta, örneklem ise Holidaycheck’in 2017 Yılının En Iyi Otelleri Listesi’ne Türkiye’den giren 19 otelin yöneticilerini kapsamaktadır. Otel yöneticilerinden elde edilen veriler otellerin sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın temel on yedi hedefi yönünde önemli adımlar attıklarını ortaya koymuştur.
Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Sanal Manipülatiflere İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: UZUNDAĞ Kadriye , YAZICI Ersen
Published: April 2019

Sanal manipülatiflerin, ilkokul öğrencilerinin kavramları daha iyi

anlamasına, kavramlar üzerinde yorum yapabilmelerine ve kavramları problem

çözmede kullanabilmelerine yardımcı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Matematik

öğretiminde sanal manipülatiflerin etkili olabilmesi için, öğretmenlerin uygun

manipülatifleri seçebilmeleri ve bunları etkili bir şekilde kullanabilmeleri

gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda, araştırmanın amacı sınıf öğretmenlerinin sanal

manipülatiflere ilişkin görüşlerini incelemektir. Araştırma tarama modelinde

olup, betimsel bir nitelik taşımaktadır. Sınıf öğretmenlerinin sanal

manipülatiflerden haberdar olma ve sanal manipülatifleri kullanma durumlarına

ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen

anket uygulanmıştır. Betimsel analizler yoluyla elde edilen bulguları

desteklemek amacıyla, sanal manipülatifleri kullandığını ifade eden

öğretmenlerden 3’ü ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Araştırma verisinin analizinde

betimsel istatistikler, değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin ölçülmesinde ki-kare

analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan 278 öğretmenden 254 tanesinin

matematik öğretiminde sanal manipülatifleri kullanmadıkları tespit edilmiştir
A entidade familiar contemporânea e o afeto como gerador de vínculo de parentalidade: a solidificação da multiparentalidade por meio do registro civil
Authors: Agne Tybusch Francielle Benini , Lemos Luan Martins
Published: April 2019

A entidade familiar brasileira, ao longo do tempo, passou por diversas transformações. Partindo-se de uma concepção clássica e conservadora, pode-se afirmar que atualmente é mais flexível e voltada para a felicidade de seus componentes. Nesse sentido, considerando a tendência de se possibilitar o reconhecimento da multiparentalidade, viabilizando-se que o filho faça constar no seu registro o nome de dois pais ou duas mães, por exemplo, questiona-se, como será realizado o seu registro na Serventia de Registro Civil das Pessoas Naturais? O método de procedimento utilizado foi o monográfico e a técnica de pesquisa foi a bibliográfica e documental. Ao fazer uma análise do estudo, pode-se constatar que a legislação pátria ainda é omissa nesse assunto. Mesmo diante dessas omissões, os tribunais não estão deixando os demandantes desamparados. Com vista à preservação da dignidade da pessoa humana e à proteção do melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente, surge, a multiparentalidade.
Superendividamento do consumidor: prevenção e tratamento sob o prisma da dignidade da pessoa humana
Authors: Pereira Andressa , Zaganelli Margareth Vetis
Published: April 2019

O presente trabalho tem por intento abordar a temática do superendividamento do consumidor, um fenômeno que se apresenta de forma globalizada e que coloca em risco a dignidade da pessoa humana; nesse caso, o consumidor. Preliminarmente, utilizando metodologia descritiva, pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, à luz do direito comparado, analisa-se o conceito de tal fenômeno, as possíveis causas para a sua manifestação e as suas implicações sociais e jurídicas. A seguir, descreve-se como tal problema vem sendo solucionado em outros ordenamentos jurídicos e como o direito brasileiro tem procurado tratar esse problema. O estudo tem por fito ressaltar que o superendividamento do consumidor é uma dificuldade que, não somente necessita de instrumentos legais para o seu enfrentamento, dentre outros no sentido de assegurar o respeito à dignidade da pessoa humana, mas também de elementos provenientes de outras ciências, com a apresentação de métodos que auxiliem na solução para o problema discutido.
Polymorphism A1166C of AGTR1 Gene and the State of Intrarenal Blood Flow in Patients with Essential Arterial Hypertension 1–2 Degrees
Authors: Melnikova L. V. , Osipova E. V. , Levashova O. A.
Published: April 2019

Aim: to study relationship between genetic disorders and features of intrarenal blood flow in patients with essential arterial hypertension (AH) of 1–2 degree. Materials and methods. We examined 100 patients (60 women, 40 men) aged 35 to 58 years with 1–2‑degree essential arterial hypertension (AH) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages I–III. Examination included triplex scanning of renal arteries on the ultrasound scanner Vivid-7 Dimension, genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphism А1166С of the AGTR1 gene by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using CKD-EPI formula. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included persons with I and II stage CKD (n=65, 25 men and 40 women), group 2 included patients with stages IIIA and IIIB CKD (n=35, 15 men and 20 women). Results. Among patients of group 1 prevailed genotype AA, while among group 2 patients prevailed genotype AC. Speed of blood flow in interlobar renal arteries was higher in the group 1 compared with group 2, while in the group 2 time of acceleration of blood flow was higher than in the group 1. Discussion. The data obtained are indicative of the decrease of systolic, diastolic, and averaged maximal blood flow velocity and the lengthening of acceleration time in patients with higher CKD stage. Conclusions. The presence in the genotype of patients with 1–2‑degree AH of AGTR1 1166С allele may be considered a risk factor of early development of CKD. Lowering of speed characteristics of blood flow and lengthening of the acceleration time in patients with AH can be a criterion of hypertensive nephropathy development.
Lipid Lowering Therapy with Statins in Patients with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Korneva V. A. , Kuznetsova T. Yu. , Tihova G. P.
Published: April 2019

Aim: to analyze adherence of FH patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) to the statin therapy and reveal factors, which influence it; to assess the degree of target level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLCH) achievement by FH patients on statin therapy. Materials and methods. We included in this study 203 FH patients aged >18 years (mean age 50.0±1.1 years, 82 men). Definite FH was diagnosed in 96 persons, in the other patients FH was considered possible. For evaluating the adherence to therapy with statins we used the Morisky-Green questionnaire. Results. Among patients with definite FH 57 % were adherent to lipid-lowering therapy, 16 % were partially adherent, and 27 % – not adherent. Target LDLCH levels were achieved in 22.6 % and 12.5 % of patients with definite and possible FH, respectively. Smoking and gender were not associated with adherence to statin therapy. Factors associated with higher adherence were age (p=0.000003), arterial hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 1.90, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.02 to 3.55], p=0.044), ischemic heart disease (IHD) (OR=2.99, 95 %CI 1.50 to 5.97, p=0.002), history of myocardial infarction (MI) (OR 5.26, 95 %CI 2.03 to 13.60, p=0.0006), history of myocardial revascularization (OR 20.3, 95 %CI 2.64 to 156.11, p=0.004) and the fact of achieving target LDLCH level (OR 19.93, 95 %CI 7.03 to 56.50, p<0.0001). The main reason for the refuse from statin therapy in 87 % of patients was fear of side effects. Main reasons for stopping of ongoing therapy were: myalgia, an increase in transaminases, skin rashes, and high cost in 12, 35, 12, and 6 % of patients, respectively. The decision to withdraw therapy with statins was made by 29 % of patients by themselves. Conclusion. In this study 57 % of patients with definite FH were adherent to statin therapy. Factors associated with increased adherence were age, hypertension, IHD, history of MI, history of myocardial revascularization, achievement of target LDLCH level. Target LDLCH levels were achieved by 22.6 and 12.5 %% of patients with definite and possible FH, respectively.
Electrhopysiological Effect of the Polyamine Spermine in Normoxic and Ischemic Ventricular Myocardium
Authors: Kuzmin V. S. , Egorov Yu. V. , Rozenshtraukh L. V.
Published: April 2019

Cytoplasmic polyamines (PA) are involved in control of many cellular functions and are well known as regulators of so called inward-rectifier potassium ion channels. Nevertheless, functional significance of extracellular PA in the heart is poorly elucidated. Aim of this study was to study effects of endogenous PA spermine in the ventricular myocardium. Effects of the extracellular spermine were investigated in isolated multicellular preparations of rabbit and rat ventricular myocardium. Langendorff-perfused  isolated rat and rabbit hearts were also used. Action potential (APs) duration and pattern of excitation in ventricular myocardium were estimated using standard microelectrode technique and optical mapping. Functional refractory periods were assessed in Langendorff perfused hearts with the help of programmedelectrical stimulation of the ventricle. In this study extracellular PA spermine (0.1–5 mM) induced shortening of the APs in multicellular preparations of rat ventricular myocardium registered using sharp microelectrode technique. However, spermine caused only weak effect in preparations of ventricular myocardium from rabbit heart: highest tested concentration of spermine (5 mM) induced 4.7 % APs shortening. Similarly, 0.1–1 mM of spermine was unable to alter substantially ventricular effective refractory periods in isolated perfused rabbit hearts. In two animal species tested (rat and rabbit) 0.1–1 mM of spermine failed to affect conduction velocity and activation pattern in ventricles of isolated Langendorff-perfused hearts under normoxia. However, in the rat no-flow model of ischemia-reperfusion extracellular spermine improved conduction of excitation in ventricles. Our results allow suggesting that extracellular spermine can prevent ischemia-induced proarrhythmic changes in ventricular myocardium probably due to reduction of calcium accumulation, but this effect is significant only when PA is applied in millimolar concentrations. Also, potential anti-ischemic effect of the PA may be species specific.
Predictors for development of major cardiovascular events in elderly patients with severe and extremely severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with early stages of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Nekrasov A. A. , Timoshchenko E. S. , Erofeeva S. G. , Karpukhina E. V.
Published: April 2019

The aim of the study was to evaluate efficacy, safety and treatment compliance for different ASA forms (Aspirin Cardio, Cardiomagnyl and Trombo Ass) in a 6-month study. Materials and methods. A prospective 6-month open, comparative study originally included 600 patients with IHD and stable angina who received chronic therapy with different forms of aspirin. In the prospective part of the study, these patients were subdivided into four groups: group 1 consisted of 200 patients switched to Aspirin Cardio; group 2 – 200 pa - tients receiving chronic therapy with this drug; group 3 – 100 patients continuing on the Trombo Ass treatment; and group 4 – 100 pa - tients who had been treated with Cardiomagnyl for a long time. Efficacy, safety and compliance to the treatment were evaluated using standard tests and analogue scales; symptoms of dyspepsia were evaluated with a study-specific questionnaire. Switching to Aspirin Cardio (group 1) was on discretion of the physician in charge based on the history of gastrointestinal (GI) complications or significant manifestations of dyspepsia. Results. The efficacy in prevention of cardiovascular events was similar in all groups. No “major” or “minor, clinically significant” bleeding (ISTH) were observed. Proportions of patients with “minor” bleeding were similar in all groups with a tendency towards their decrease under the Aspirin Cardio treatment. After switching to Aspirin Cardio, positive changes in severity of GI symptoms by results of the questionnaire: a significant improvement of compliance by the treatment satisfaction index in group 1 and 2; and a 1.7 time decrease in the proportion of ASA-noncompliant patients were observed. According to the results of ROC analysis an average GI symptom score ≥3 predicted an improvement of compliance in case of switching to Aspirin Cardio with a diagnostic sensitivity of 72.3% and specificity of 51.1% (р=0.012) as well as alleviation of GI symptoms (sensitivity, 74.5%; specificity, 63.8%, р=0.001). Conclusions. Different dosage forms of ASA are characterized with similar efficacy in prevention of cardiovascular events and effects on the risk of bleeding. Aspirin Cardio showed a better tolerability due to a less effect on GI symptoms. It provided a better compliance to chronic treatment. This study confirmed advisability of using the proposed questionnaire to evaluate GI symptoms for specification of prediction and modification of therapy.
Automatic detection of ventricular and supraventricular wide QRS arrhythmias using complex of morphological criteria and algorithms
Authors: Budanova M. A. , Chmelevsky M. P. , Treshkur T. V. , Aseev A. V. , Tikhonenko V. M.
Published: April 2019

Aim. The aim of study is a detection of ventricular and supraventricular wide QRS arrhythmias using complex of morphological criteria and algorithms by method of automatic analysis. Materials and methods. For 100 patients (m/f – 61/39, Me (min; max) – 44.5 (10; 85) years) of researched group the analysis of 14306 single wide ectopic complexes (QRS 120–230 ms) has been done. Wide complexes include 11028 (77%) ventricular complexes and 3278 (23%) supraventricular complexes represented by 145 different forms of QRS. For verification of arrhythmias origin transesophageal ECG recording and endocardial electrophysiological study were done. The control group included 59 patients (m/f – 25/34, Me (min; max) – 49.5 (14,85) years) with 720 wide QRS, including 467 (65%) ventricular and 253 (35%) supraventricular complexes represented by 86 forms of QRS. The criteria Drew B.J., Scheinman M.M. (1995); Wellens H.J. (1978), RWPT II (Pava LF, 2010) and the algorithms of Brugada P. (1991); Bayesian (2000); Vereckei A. (2008) were used to evaluate sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of wide QRS complexes recognition one by one and together, using the method of Wald sequential automatic analysis (KT Result3, CJSC INCART, Russia) and method of artificial neural networks. Results. The best results for the detection of ventricular arrhythmias algorithms were demonstrated by the  Brugada  P., Drew  B.J., Scheinman  M.M. algorithm (sensitivity 86.43%, specificity 66.73%, diagnostic accuracy 82.14% in the study group, sensitivity 81.80%, specificity 73.12%, diagnostic accuracy 78.75% in the control group), and the Bayesian algorithm (sensitivity 87.81%, specificity 73.62%, diagnostic accuracy 84.72% in the study group, sensitivity 83.30%, specificity 77.08%, diagnostic accuracy 81.11% in the control group). A complex analysis of the Wald method recognized ventricular arrhythmias in the research group with sensitivity 83.11%, specificity 83.65%, diagnostic accuracy 83.23% and in the control group with a sensitivity 83.51%, specificity of 84.58% and diagnostic accuracy 83.89%. Artificial neural networks recognized ventricular arrhythmias with sensitivity 91.43%, specificity 91.30% and diagnostic accuracy 91.39% in the control group and with sensitivity 97.06%, specificity 99.39% and diagnostic accuracy 97.6% in the research group. Conclusion. Automatic analysis allows obtaining simultaneously the results of each algorithms/criteria and in combination. It significantly reduces the doctor’s work in assessing of amplitude-time characteristics of the complexes. Using artificial neural networks increases the accuracy of of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias recognition.
Fiscalidad real en La Rioja a fines del medievo: el tributo de la alcabala
Authors: Goicolea Julián Fco. Javier
Published: April 2019

Esta investigación se centra en el análisis de varios aspectos relacionados con el tributo medieval de la alcabala. Para ello se han escogido como marco de estudio las diferentes demarcaciones fiscales que se extendían por el territorio de La Rioja en los anos finales del siglo XV y primeros del XVI. Con este objetivo el trabajo se inicia con la presentación de los diferentes espacios fiscales y el análisis de la capacidad contributiva de cada uno de ellos. Se ha prestado especial atención a las principales villas y ciudades que, como Logroño o Santo Domingo de la Calzada, conformaban los principales centros de recaudación para la administración fiscal regia castellana en territorio riojano. Finalmente se aborda el estudio de las diferentes partidas del gasto canalizado a través de las alcabalas, sobre todo aquellas que eran “libradas” para hacer frente a las crecientes costas militares o al funcionamiento de la Corte y administración regias.
Masculinidades, cambios sociales y representación en la cultura de masas
Authors: Sambade Baquerín Iván
Published: April 2019

En la actualidad, asistimos a una significativa transformación de los modelos de representación de las masculinidades. Metrosexuales, übersexuales y spornosexuales representan una nueva ubicación social de la masculinidad, en la que los hombres se posicionan como objetos de deseo. .Existe una relación sociológica entre estas representaciones y los cambios sociales impulsados por los movimientos feministas?Las conquistas políticas del feminismo han acontecido al mismo tiempo que la transformación de los procesos de producción y mercado constitutivos del capitalismo global y la sociedad de la información. Desde esta perspectiva, es necesario realizar un análisis que pondere la medida en que las representaciones de las masculinidades responden, bien a la lógica de la Igualdad, bien a los flujos económicos globales.
El mercado de los molinos de azúcar en el Recôncavo da Guanabara (Río de Janeiro, siglo XVIII)
Authors: Souza Rodrigues Machado Ana Paula
Published: April 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es el de analizar los mecanismos de compra y venta de las fábricas de azúcar, en Río de Janeiro, a lo largo del siglo XVIII. Partiendo del principio de que las fábricas de azúcar eran unas mercancías muy valiosas, social y económicamente, .qué motivó la compraventa de molinos? Además del dinero, qué era necesario para, por ejemplo, adquirir un molino en el Recôncavo da Guanabara, tradicional área azucarera? Para responder a estas y otras preguntas decidimos elaborar un banco de datos con todas las escrituras públicas de molinos, entre los anos 1701 y 1800, totalizando 1015 registros, para las localidades rurales de la capitanía de Río de Janeiro. Concluimos, finalmente, que en la mayor parte de las operaciones de compra y venta de molinos y tierras había una relación de parentesco entre vendedor y comprador.
Maderas de Cataluña para la marina de la ilustración. Fuentes para el estudio de los bosques catalanes y su relación con la construcción naval en el siglo XVIII
Authors: Ruiz García Vicente
Published: April 2019

Desde la Edad Media las maderas de los bosques de Cataluña habían sido empleadas para la industria naval del Principado, especialmente para la construcción de galeras en las Atarazanas de Barcelona. Sin embargo, fue sobre todo a partir del siglo XVIII cuando la explotación forestal de los bosques de Cataluña tendría un gran desarrollo a raíz de la política de reconstrucción de la Marina Española impulsada por la nueva dinastía de los Borbones. Con este fin, los pinos de Tortosa, los robles de Girona o las coníferas del Pirineo fueron conducidas por vía fluvial a través del Ebro y sus afluentes hasta llegar a la costa catalana. De allí las maderas serían trasladadas por mar hasta Cartagena, el arsenal que más empleo la materia prima de los bosques de Cataluña para la construcción y reparación de los buques de la Armada, al menos hasta 1793.
Elevated Expression of Tim-3 and PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Receptors on T-CD4+ Lymphocytes of Patients with Asthma
Authors: Mosayebian Ali , Koohini Zohreh , Hossein-Nataj Hadi , Abediankenari Saeid , Abedi Siavash , Asgarian-Omran Hossein
Published: April 2019

Asthma is a chronic disorder of the airways characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Different immune cells and molecules have been attributed to involve in pathogenesis of asthma. In the current case-control study, the expression of T cell Ig and mucin domain-containing molecule-3 (Tim-3) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) was studied on CD4+ T cells of patients with asthma and normal controls.
The frequency of Tim-3+/PD-1+/CD4+ T cells was determined by a three color flow cytometry method in 37 patients with asthma and 32 healthy controls. To evaluate the Th1/Th2 ratio, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from all samples and stimulated with phorbol 12- myristate 13- acetate (PMA)/ionomycin for 18 h. IFN-γ and Interleukin-4 (IL-4) were measured in culture supernatants by ELISA. Serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) was also measured in all samples.
Significant increase in percentage and absolute count of Tim-3+/PD-1+/CD4+, Tim-3+/CD4+ and PD-1+/CD4+ T cells was found in asthmatic patients compared to healthy controls (p=0.02, p<0.0001 and p=0.01, respectively). The IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio (Th1/Th2 ratio) was significantly higher in healthy controls than that of asthmatic patients (p=0.029).
Our data regarding the increased expression of PD-1 and Tim-3 on CD4+ T cells of patients with asthma suggest the potential roles of these immune checkpoint receptors in immune dys-regulation of asthma.
Association between Interleukin-32 and Interleukin-17A Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Serum Levels with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Hesampour Fatemeh , Namavar Jahromi Bahia , Tahmasebi Foroozan , Gharesi-Fard Behrouz
Published: April 2019

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is correlated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and Interleukin-32 (IL-32) are two members of the pro-inflammatory cytokines which act as significant components of the immune system during certain inflammatory diseases. Along with immunological processes, genetic factors play major roles in predisposition to PCOS. There are myriad single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within IL-17A and IL-32 genes that may affect their production and the susceptibility of individuals to PCOS. The objective of the present research was to investigate the association between IL-17A (rs2275913) and IL-32 (rs9927163, rs4786370) SNPs, and also their serum levels with susceptibility to PCOS in a group of Iranian women.
In this case-control study, 150 PCOS patients (mean age of 29.1 years) and 150 healthy women (mean age of 26.1 years) were analyzed in terms of IL-17A and IL-32 SNPs via polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Furthermore, serum levels of IL-17A and IL-32 cytokines were measured through the use of ELISA method.
There were significant differences between PCOS and healthy women regarding IL-17A rs2275913 alleles, genotypes frequencies (p=0.005, and 0.01, respectively) and the allelic distribution of IL-32 rs9927163 SNP (p=0.03). Additionally, significant differences were indicated between two groups concerning the AG genotype against AA+GG genotypes (p=0.009) and the GG genotype against AA+AG genotypes (p=0.006) in IL-17A rs2275913 SNP. In the matter of IL-32 gene SNPs, GC haplotype frequency was significantly different between patients and controls (p=0.05). Furthermore, IL-32 serum level was not significantly different between the two studied groups and the serum level of IL-17A was not detectable.
In conclusion, IL-17A and IL-32 SNPs might be associated with predisposition to PCOS in Iranian women.
Transkriptom Verisi ve Omik Araçları Kullanılarak Otoimmün Hastalıklar ile İnsan Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi
Authors: Sevimoğlu Tuba
Published: April 2019

İnsan
bağırsak mikrobiyotası ile insan hastalıkları arasındaki ilişkinin
anlamlandırılabilmesi konusunda yapılan çalışmalar yakın zamanda ivme
kazanmıştır. Bunun sebebi insan mikrobiyomunun hastalıklı ve sağlıklı
hallerdeki işlevi ve yapısı hakkında daha çok bilgiye sahip olunması ve
ilişkili mikrobiyal toplulukların genomlarının DNA diziliminin doğru
belirlenmesi şeklinde açıklanabilir. Yine de bu konuda çok fazla çalışma
bulunmamaktadır. Mevcut çalışmada üç önemli otoimmün hastalık olan Psoriazis,
Romatoid Artrit ve Atopik Dermatit’in, omiks araçları ile önce transkripsiyon
regülasyonu metabolik ağa entegre edilmiş daha sonra ise bu hastalıkların insan
bağırsak mikrobiyotası ile arasındaki bağlantı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Elde
edilen sonuçlara göre seçilmiş olan hastalıklar ile ilgili ortak mikrobiyal
türler mevcuttur. Bunlar yoğun olarak Firmicutes,
Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteriodetes ve Actinobacteria
filumundaki türlerdir. Bu çalışmada bir başka dikkat çeken husus ise Tenericutes filumunun mikrobiyal
türlerinin Atopik dermatit ve Romatoid artritte yoğun olarak görüldüğü fakat
Psoriaziste çok fazla çeşitlilik göstermediğidir. Bu sonuçlar insan bağırsak mikrobiyotasının
kompleks otoimmün hastalıklarda bir rolünün olduğunu göstermektedir. Yapılan bu
çalışma bir hastalığın mekanizmasını anlayabilmek için sadece genler ve
proteinler değil bunların yanında metabolitler, mikrobiyota ve patojen
grupların da detaylıca incelenip analiz edilmesi gerektiğini ortaya
koymaktadır.
A RELAÇÃO ARTÍSTICA DE DUNCAN E CRAIG EM TRÊS IMAGENS CINÉTICAS
Authors: Della Costa Rossana Perdomini
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo se insere no tema da dança moderna e suas influências ao considerar as reverberações das obras de Isadora Duncan e Edward Gordon Craig abordadas em três imagens cinéticas: a dança e o teatro do futuro; a Übermarionnette e seus possíveis desdobramentos e o Projeto Scene, o corpo e o espaço.  Para desenvolver o exercício de pensamento desse texto foram utilizadas as noções foucaultianas de imagem e deslocamento.  Conclui-se que não há sinais de esgotamento da potência do processo criativo dos dois artistas.
Left-Handed Neutrinos, Charged Dark Matters, Higgs Mechanism, Universe Evolution and Extended Standard Model
Authors: Hwang Jae-Kwang
Published: April 2019

In the present work, the charged dark matters of B1, B2 and B3 bastons are explained as the right-handed partners of the left-handed neutrinos. The new Higgs mechanism of SU(2)DM×SU(2)Weak×SU(2)Strong  including electromagnetic and gravitational forces is applied. And the rest masses of the elementary particles depend on their charge configurations. The left-handed neutrinos have only the lepton charges (LC) and the right-handed dark matters have only the electric charges (EC). This explains the fact that the rest masses of the left-handed neutrinos are so small, and the rest masses of the right-handed dark matters are relatively very large. The proposed rest mass (26.12 eV/c2) of the B1 dark matter is indirectly confirmed from the supernova 1987A data. The missing neutrinos are newly explained by using the dark matters and lepton charge force. The neutrino excess anomaly of the MinibooNE data is explained by the B1 dark matter scattering within the Cherenkov detectors. The quark mixing and neutrino mixing are not required in the present model. It is shown that our matter universe and its partner antimatter universe can be created from the big bang in the point of view of time -, charge -, space -, and quantum state – symmetric universe evolution.
Influence of Circle of Willis Configuration on the Rupture of Cerebral Aneurysms
Authors: Nebojša Stojanović N. , Aleksandar Kostić , Radisav Mitić , Luka Berilažić , Miša Radisavljević
Published: April 2019

Background: Formation and rupture of cerebral aneurysms may be related to certain types of configuration of the circle of Willis. Analysis of their interdependence can be of great importance. Methods: A group of 114 patients treated operatively for the cerebral aneurysm rupture and a group of 56 autopsied subjects were involved in the study. Four basic types of the circle of Willis configurations were formed–two symmetric types A and C, and two asymmetric types B and D. Results: A statistically significantly higher presence of asymmetry of the circle of Willis in the group of surgically treated subjects (p=0.006) with a significant presence of asymmetric Type B in this group (p=0.017) were determined. The presence of changes in the A1 segment in the group of subjects with solitary aneurysms on the anterior communicating artery showed a statistically significant presence in the group of autopsied subjects (p=0.0004). Analyzing the presence of symmetry of the circle of Willis between the two groups, that is, the total presence of symmetric types A and C indicated their statistically significant presence in the group of autopsied patients (p=0.043). Conclusion: Changes such as hypoplasia or aplasia of A1 and the resulting asymmetry of the circle of Willis directly affect the possibility of the rupture of cerebral aneurysms. Detection of the corresponding types of the circle of Willis after diagnostic examination can be the basis for the development of a protocol for monitoring such patients.
A Nonlinear Study on Time Evolution in Gharana Tradition of Indian Classical Music
Authors: Banerjee Archi , Sanyal Shankha , Sengupta Ranjan , Ghosh Dipak
Published: April 2019

Indian classical music is entirely based on the “Raga” structures. In Indian classical music, a “Gharana” or school refers to the adherence of a group of musicians to a particular musical style of performing a raga. The objective of this work was to find out if any characteristic acoustic cues exist which discriminates a particular gharana from the other. Another intriguing fact is if the artists of the same gharana keep their singing style unchanged over generations or evolution of music takes place like everything else in nature. In this work, we chose to study the similarities and differences in singing style of some artists from at least four consecutive generations representing four different gharanas using robust non-linear methods. For this, alap parts of a particular raga sung by all the artists were analyzed with the help of non linear multifractal analysis (MFDFA and MFDXA) technique. The spectral width obtained from the MFDFA method gives an estimate of the complexity of the signal whereas the cross correlation coefficient obtained from the MFDXA technique gives the degree of correlation between two nonlinear time series. The observations give a cue in the direction to the scientific recognition of “Guru-Shisya Parampara” (teacher-student tradition)—a hitherto much-heard philosophical term. Moreover the variation in the complexity patterns among various gharanas will give a hint of the characteristic feature of that particular gharana as well as the effect of globalization in the field of classical music happening through past few decades.
Butyl Rubber-Based Composite: Thermal Degradation and Prediction of Service Life Time 
Authors: Nguyen-Tri Phuong , Triki Ennouri , Nguyen Tuan Anh
Published: April 2019

Butyl rubber-based composite (BRC) is one of the most popular materials for the fabrication of protective glove against chemical and mechanical risks. However, in many working places such as metal manufacturing or automotive mechanical services, its mechanical hazards usually appear together with metalworking fluids (MWFs). The presence of these contaminants, particularly at high temperature, could modify its properties due to the scission, the plasticization, the crosslinking of polymer network and thus led to severe modification of mechanical and physicochemical properties of material. This work aims to determine the effect of temperature and a metalworking fluid on mechanical behavior of butyl rubber composite dealing with crosslinking density, cohesion forces and elastic constant of BRC on the based on Mooney-Rivlin’s theory. The effect of temperature with and without MWFs on thermo dynamical properties and morphology of butyl membranes is also investigated. The prediction of service lifetime is then evaluated from extrapolation of Arrhenius plot at different temperatures.
Deep Abrasion Resistance of Porcelain Stoneware Tiles: An Updated Look
Authors: Montazerian Maziar , Eilaghi Mina , Mousavi Nirvana
Published: April 2019

When we were working on improving the resistance to deep abrasion of porcelain stoneware tiles, several tiles which had a very high resistance to abrasion were found in the market. The abraded volume of these tiles, measured via ISO 10545-6 method, was conspicuously less than 75 mm3. These values were well below the standard limit (<175 mm3) and reported values in the literature (>110 mm3). We determined the chemical, physical and microstructural characteristics of these tiles and other commercially available ones to find the relationship between the abrasion resistance and the technical specifications. We also characterized the samples by Vickers microhardness (VH), X-ray diffraction (XRD), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that the high resistance to abrasion could be due to the presence of an adequate glassy phase capable of wetting all the hard crystalline phases in the matrix such as quartz and mullite. Therefore, the resistance to deep abrasion could be improved by increasing the amount of “vitreous” matrix, without altering the content of "hard" phases considerably well-bonded to the matrix.
Surface Characteristics of Aesthetic Nickel-titanium and Beta-titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) - Primary Results
Authors: Jung Ole , Becker Jean-Philippe , Smeets Ralf , Gosau Martin , Becker Germain , Kahl-Nieke Bärbel , Jung Anne-Kathrin , Proff Peter , Kopp Alexander , Barbeck Mike , Köhne Till
Published: April 2019

Background/Aim: There is continuing interest in engineering esthetic labial archwires. The aim of this study was to coat nickel-titanium (NiTi) and beta-titanium (β-Ti), also known as titanium molybdenum (TMA), archwires by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and to analyze the characteristics of the PEO-surfaces. Materials and Methods: PEO-coatings were generated on 0.014-inch NiTi and 0.19x0.25-inch β-Ti archwires. The surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and stereomicroscopy. Cytocombability testing was performed with ceramized and untreated samples according to EN ISO 10993-5 in XTT-, BrdU- and LDH-assays. The direct cell impact was analyzed using LIVE-/DEAD-staining. In addition, the archwires were inserted in an orthodontic model and photographs were taken before and after insertion. Results: The PEO coatings were 15 to 20 µm thick and esthetically pleasing. The cytocompatibility analysis revealed good cytocompatibility results for both ceramized NiTi and β-Ti archwires. In the direct cell tests, the ceramized samples showed improved compatibility as compared to those of uncoated samples. However, bending of the archwires resulted in loss of the PEO-surfaces. Nevertheless, it was possible to insert the β-Ti PEO-coated archwire in an orthodontic model without loss of the PEO-ceramic. Conclusion: PEO is a promising technique for the generation of esthetic orthodontic archwires. Since the PEO-coating does not resist bending, its clinical use seems to be limited so far to orthodontic techniques using straight or pre-bended archwires.
Factors Affecting Agriculture in Response to Climate Change in Bangladesh
Authors: Khayer Abul , Eti Fatiha Sultana , Hasan Md. Mohibul , Biplob Md. Khairul Bashar , Chowdhury Rabiul Haq , Alam M Anwar-Ul- , Chowdhury A B M Alauddin
Published: April 2019

An opinion dependent cross sectional survey was conducted among charland peoples of Noakhali, Bangladesh with a view to identify the factors that affect green economy. Nijhumdwip Island and Tamaruddi union are highly affected by cyclone and soil salinity. Unpredictable rainfall is the most acute in Nijhumdwip. Lack of information the main problem in Nijhumdwip Island. Farmers are found less interest in integrated farming and crop diversification. Few farmers from Sonadia Union are involved in homestead gardening. Regression analysis have shown a negative relationship (p<0.001) between education of stockholders and decrease of crop production. On the other hand education level of stockholders is to be found positively (p<0.05) varied with decrease of food insecurity. So it can be said that educated farmers are more adaptive against climate change.
Giant Viruses – Big Surprises
Authors: Brandes Nadav , Linial Michal
Published: April 2019

Viruses are the most prevalent infectious agents, populating almost every ecosystem on earth. Most viruses carry only a handful of genes supporting their replication and the production of capsids. It came as a great surprise in 2003 when the first giant virus was discovered and found to have a >1Mbp genome encoding almost a thousand proteins. Following this first discovery, dozens of giant virus strains across several viral families have been reported. Here, we provide an updated quantitative and qualitative view on giant viruses and elaborate on their shared and variable features. We review the complexity of giant virus proteomes, which include functions traditionally associated only with cellular organisms. These unprecedented functions include components of the translation machinery, DNA maintenance, and metabolic enzymes. We discuss the possible underlying evolutionary processes and mechanisms that might have shaped the diversity of giant viruses and their genomes, highlighting their remarkable capacity to hijack genes and genomic sequences from their hosts and environments. This leads us to examine prominent theories regarding the origin of giant viruses. Finally, we present the emerging ecological view of giant viruses, found across widespread habitats and ecological systems, with respect to the environment and human health.
Upaya Peningkatan Kinerja SDM Pada Organisasi Pemuda Internasional (AIESEC UNJ)
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Ali
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan-kebutuhan yang diperlukan dalam rangka meningkatkan kinerja departemen talent management di AIESEC Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Model yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah model 3 Fase Needs Assessment oleh Witkins dan Altschuld. Pada setiap fasenya terdapat tahapan yang disesuaikan dengan tujuan penelitian. Tahapan tersebut adalah mengkaji ruang lingkup penelitian dan isu utama permasalahan kinerja, menentukan kondisi kinerja ideal, mengidentifikasi kesenjangan antara kondisi ideal dan aktual, menentukan kebutuhan kinerja, menelusuri faktor penyebab munculnya kebutuhan tersebut, dan merekomendasikan sejumlah alternatif solusi. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan diantaranya angket, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Informan pada penelitian ini 1 kepala departemen, 2 kepala divisi, 8 staff, 1 validator, dan 2 ahli materi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dari sepuluh aspek yang sesuai dengan indikator kinerja terkait pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi pekerjaanya, hanya ada empat aspek yang dinyatakan ideal. Selain aspek tersebut memiliki kesenjangan, sehingga memunculkan kebutuhan kinerja yang diberikan alternatif rekomendasi solusi.
Pengembangan Kit Media untuk Merangsang Kreativitas Anak kelas 4 SD
Authors: Wardhani Litha Kusuma , Situmorang Robinson , Kustandi Cecep
Published: April 2019

Penelitian pengembangan ini menghasilkan kit media untuk merangsang kreativitas anak kelas 4 SD di Global kids School. Kit media ini dapat menfasilitasi anak membuat Pop Up. Berdasarkan tujuan, pengembangan ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian pengembangan karya inovatif. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan Rowntree yang melalui tiga tahapan utama yakni perencanaan, persiapan penulisan, penulisan dan penyuntingan. Evaluai dalam penelitian pengembangan ini terdiri dari expert review (ahli materi, ahli media, dan ahli desain pembelajaran) dan field test. Evaluasi tersebut melibatkan satu ahli media, satu ahli desain pembelajaran, satu ahli materi, dan 10 Pengguna. Hasil dari masing-masing tahap sebagai berikut, ahli materi : 93.75, ahli media 90.0, ahli desain pembelajaran 82.5 sedangkan field test : 99.75 Berdasarkan proses dan prosedur dalam mengembangkan, serta uji coba yang telah dilakukan dapat dinyatakan bahwa kit media memiliki kualitas yang sangat baik dan dapat digunakan untuk menfasilitasi siswa kelas 4 SD di Global Kids School dalam merangsang kreativitas.