bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NADA Protocol for Behavioral Health. Putting Tools in the Hands of Behavioral Health Providers: The Case for Auricular Detoxification Specialists
Authors: Stuyt Elizabeth , Voyles Claudia , Bursac Sara
Published: February 2018

Background: The National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) protocol, a simple standardized auricular treatment has the potential to provide vast public health relief on issues currently challenging our world. This includes but is not limited to addiction, such as the opioid epidemic, but also encompasses mental health, trauma, PTSD, chronic stress, and the symptoms associated with these conditions. Simple accessible tools that improve outcomes can make profound differences. We assert that the NADA protocol can have greatest impact when broadly applied by behavioral health professionals, Auricular Detoxification Specialists (ADSes). Methods: The concept of ADS is described and how current laws vary from state to state. Using available national data, a survey of practitioners in three selected states with vastly different laws regarding ADSes, and interviews of publicly funded programs which are successfully incorporating the NADA protocol, we consider possible effects of ADS-friendly conditions. Results: Data presented supports the idea that conditions conducive to ADS practice lead to greater implementation. Program interviews reflect settings in which adding ADSes can in turn lead to improved outcomes. Discussion: The primary purpose of non-acupuncturist ADSes is to expand the access of this simple but effective treatment to all who are suffering from addictions, stress, or trauma and to allow programs to incorporate acupuncture in the form of the NADA protocol at minimal cost, when and where it is needed. States that have changed laws to allow ADS practice for this standardized ear acupuncture protocol have seen increased access to this treatment, benefiting both patients and the programs.
Practical Application of Aptamer-Based Biosensors in Detection of Low Molecular Weight Pollutants in Water Sources
Authors: Zhang Wei , Liu Qing , Guo Zhi , Lin Jun
Published: February 2018

Water pollution has become one of the leading causes of human health problems. Low molecular weight pollutants, even at trace concentrations in water sources, have aroused global attention due to their toxicity after long-time exposure. There is an increased demand for appropriate methods to detect these pollutants in aquatic systems. Aptamers, single-stranded DNA or RNA, have high affinity and specificity to each of their target molecule, similar to antigen-antibody interaction. Aptamers can be selected using a method called Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX). Recent years we have witnessed great progress in developing aptamer selection and aptamer-based sensors for low molecular weight pollutants in water sources, such as tap water, seawater, lake water, river water, as well as wastewater and its effluents. This review provides an overview of aptamer-based methods as a novel approach for detecting low molecular weight pollutants in water sources.
Weed Suppressing Potential and Isolation of Potent Plant Growth Inhibitors from Castanea crenata Sieb. et Zucc
Authors: Tuyen Phung , Xuan Tran , Tu Anh Truong , Mai Van Truong , Ahmad Ateeque , Elzaawely Abdelnaser , Khanh Tran
Published: February 2018

This study isolated, determined, and quantified plant growth inhibitors in Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata Sieb. et Zucc), a deciduous species native to Japan and Korea. In laboratory assays, C. crenata leaves showed strong inhibition on germination and seedling growth of Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyardgrass), Lactuca sativa (lettuce), and Raphanus sativus (radish). Laboratory and greenhouse trials showed that leaves of C. crenata appeared as a promising material to manage weeds, especially the dicot weeds. By GC-MS and HPLC analyses, gallic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, ferulic, ellagic, and cinnamic acids were identified and quantified, of which ellagic acid was present in the highest quantity (2.36 mg/g dried leaves). By column chromatography and spectral data (1H- and 13C-NMR, IR, and LC-MS) analysis, a compound identified as 2α,3β,7β,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (1) was purified from the methanolic leaf extract of C. crenata (0.93 mg/g dried leaves). This constituent showed potent inhibition on growth of E. crus-galli, a problematic weed in agricultural practice. The inhibition of the compound 1 (IC50 = 2.62 and 0.41 mM) was >5 fold greater than that of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (IC50 = 15.33 and 2.11 mM) on shoot and root growth of E. crus-galli, respectively. Results suggest that the isolated the compound 1 has potential to develop natural herbicides to manage E. crus-galli. This study is the first to isolate and identify 2α,3β,7β,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid in a plant and report its plant growth inhibitory potential.
Suramin-Induced Neurotoxicity: Preclinical Models and Neuroprotective Strategies
Authors: Von der Ahe David , Huehnchen Petra , Balkaya Mustafa , Peruzzaro Sarah , Endres Matthias , Boehmerle Wolfgang
Published: February 2018

Suramin is a trypan blue analogon originally developed to treat protozoan infections, which was found to have diverse antitumor effects. One of the most severe side effects in clinical trials was the development of a peripheral sensory-motor polyneuropathy. In this study, we aimed to investigate suramin-induced neuropathy with a focus on calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis as a potential pathomechanism. Adult C57Bl/6 mice treated with a single injection of 250 mg/kg bodyweight suramin developed locomotor and sensory deficits, which were confirmed by electrophysiological measurements showing a predominantly sensory axonal-demyelinating polyneuropathy. In a next step, we used cultured dorsal root ganglia neurons (DRGN) as an in vitro cell model to further investigate underlying pathomechanisms. Cell viability of DRGN was significantly decreased after 24-hour suramin treatment with a calculated IC50 of 283 µM. We detected a suramin-induced Ca2+ influx into DRGN from the extracellular space, which could be reduced with the voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) inhibitor nimodipine. Co-incubation of suramin and nimodipine partially improved cell viability of DRGN after suramin exposure. In summary, we describe suramin-induced neurotoxic effects on DRGN as well as potentially neuroprotective agents targeting intracellular Ca2+ dyshomeostasis.
Norisoprenoids from the Brown Alga Sargassum naozhouense Tseng et Lu
Authors: Peng Yan , Huang Ri-Ming , Lin Xiu-Ping , Liu Yong-Hong
Published: February 2018

A new C11-norisoprenoid derivative, sargassumone (1), has been isolated from Sargassum naozhouense together with six known norisoprenoids and a highly oxygenated cyclopentene: (2R,6S,8S,9S)-hexahydro-2,9-dihydroxy-4,4,8-trimethyl-6-acetyloxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone (2), (6S,8S,9R)-hexahydro-6,9-dihydroxy-4,4,8-trimethyl-2(2H)-benzofuranone (3), (6S,8S,9R)-hexahydro-6,9-dihydroxy-4,4,8-trimethyl-2(2H)-benzofuranone (4), loliolide (5), (+)-epiloliolide (6), spheciospongones A (7), and (+)-kjellmanianone (8). Compound 1 was identified on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, and the absolute stereochemistry was defined by NOESY spectroscopy, minimizing energy calculation, and circular dichroism (CD) spectra. The known compounds 2–8, isolated from S. naozhouense for the first time, were identified by comparison of their physical and spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. Compound 6 was tested for its inhibitory activity against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), antioxidant activity with 1,1-diphyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals, and antimicrobial activity against resistant clinical isolates of Candida albicans, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Escherichia coli.
The Reaction of Oxy Hemoglobin with Nitrite: Mechanism, Antioxidant-Modulated Effect, and Implications for Blood Substitute Evaluation
Authors: Hathazi Denisa , Scurtu Florina , Bischin Cristina , Mot Augustin , Attia Amr , Kongsted Jacob , Silaghi-Dumitrescu Radu
Published: February 2018

The autocatalytic reaction between nitrite and the oxy form of globins involves free radicals. For myoglobin (Mb), an initial binding of nitrite to the iron-coordinated oxygen molecule was proposed; the resulting ferrous-peroxynitrate species was not detected, but its decay product, the high-valent ferryl form, was demonstrated in stopped-flow experiments. Reported here are the stopped flow spectra recorded upon mixing oxy Hb (native, as well as chemically-derivatized in the form of several candidates of blood substitutes) with a supraphysiological concentration of nitrite. The data may be fitted to a simple kinetic model involving a transient met-aqua form, in contrast to the ferryl detected in the case of Mb in a similar reaction sequence. These data are in line with a previous observation of a transient accumulation of ferryl Hb under auto-catalytic conditions at much lower concentrations of nitrite (Grubina, R. et al. J. Biol. Chem. 2007, 282, 12916). The simple model for fitting the stopped-flow data leaves a small part of the absorbance changes unaccounted for, unless a fourth species is invoked displaying features similar to the oxy and tentatively assigned as ferrous-peroxynitrate. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations support this latter assignment. The reaction allows for differentiating between the reactivities of various chemically modified hemoglobins, including candidates for blood substitutes. Polymerization of hemoglobin slows the nitrite-induced oxidation, in sharp contrast to oxidative-stress type reactions which are generally accelerated, not inhibited. Sheep hemoglobin is found to be distinctly more resistant to reaction with nitrite compared to bovine Hb, at large nitrite concentrations (stopped-flow experiments directly observing the oxy + nitrite reaction) as well as under auto-catalytic conditions. Copolymerization of Hb with bovine serum albumin (BSA) using glutaraldehyde leads to a distinct increase of the lag time compared to native Hb as well as to any other form of derivatization examined in the present study. The Hb-BSA copolymer also displays a slower initial reaction with nitrite under stopped-flow conditions, compared to native Hb.
Exploring Protein Cavities through Rigidity Analysis
Authors: Mason Stephanie , Chen Brian , Jagodzinski Filip
Published: February 2018

The geometry of cavities in the surfaces of proteins facilitates a variety of biochemical functions. To better understand the biochemical nature of protein cavities, the shape, size, chemical properties, and evolutionary nature of functional and nonfunctional surface cavities have been exhaustively surveyed in protein structures. The rigidity of surface cavities, however, is not immediately available as a characteristic of structure data, and is thus more difficult to examine. Using rigidity analysis for assessing and analyzing molecular rigidity, this paper performs the first survey of the relationships between cavity properties, such as size and residue content, and how they correspond to cavity rigidity. Our survey measured a variety of rigidity metrics on 120,323 cavities from 12,785 sequentially non-redundant protein chains. We used VASP-E, a volume-based algorithm for analyzing cavity geometry. Our results suggest that rigidity properties of protein cavities are dependent on cavity surface area.
VSpipe, an Integrated Resource for Virtual Screening and Hit Selection: Applications to Protein Tyrosine Phospahatase Inhibition
Authors: Álvarez-Carretero Sandra , Pavlopoulou Niki , Adams James , Gilsenan Jane , Tabernero Lydia
Published: February 2018

The use of computational tools for virtual screening provides a cost-efficient approach to select starting points for drug development. We have developed VSpipe, a user-friendly semi-automated pipeline for structure-based virtual screening. VSpipe uses the existing tools AutoDock and OpenBabel together with software developed in-house, to create an end-to-end virtual screening workflow ranging from the preparation of receptor and ligands to the visualisation of results. VSpipe is efficient and flexible, allowing the users to make choices at different steps, and it is amenable to use in both local and cluster mode. We have validated VSpipe using the human protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B as a case study. Using a combination of blind and targeted docking VSpipe identified both new and known functional ligand binding sites. Assessment of different binding clusters using the ligand efficiency plots created by VSpipe, defined a drug-like chemical space for development of PTP1B inhibitors with potential applications to other PTPs. In this study, we show that VSpipe can be deployed to identify and compare different modes of inhibition thus guiding the selection of initial hits for drug discovery.
Hexosomes with Undecylenic Acid Efficient against Candida albicans
Authors: Mionić Ebersold Marijana , Petrović Milica , Fong Wye-Khay , Bonvin Debora , Hofmann Heinrich , Milošević Irena
Published: February 2018

Due to the growing issues with fungal infections, especially with Candida, there is still a need to develop novel anti-Candida materials. One of the known antifungal agents is undecylenic acid (UA), which still cannot be efficiently used due to its oily nature, and thus limited solubility. By taking advantage of the properties of UA, we developed an emulsion with hexagonal phase, i.e., hexosomes, whose structure and morphology was studied by small-angle X-ray scattering and cryo-electron microscopy, respectively. The presence of UA in the hexosome was confirmed by spectroscopy. Moreover, we studied the anti-Candida effect of hexosomes and their cytotoxicity toward human cells. The minimal inhibitory concentration for the 50% and 90% Candida-growth reduction was found at 0.01 and 0.16 wt % hexosomes, respectively (i.e., 2 and 32 pghex/C.a.cell, respectively). The percentage of metabolically active Candida was reduced by 72–96% at hexosome concentrations of 1.0–8.2 pghex/C.a.cell as compared to untreated Candida. Furthermore, at the same concentration range the embedded filamentation test after 24 and 48 h showed the inhibition of both the filamentation and growth of Candida, while the preliminary toxicity test showed that hexosomes were nontoxic for human cells. All these render the here-developed hexosomes with UA efficient and promising anti-Candida agents.
Interactions Between Epilepsy and Plasticity
Authors: Jarero-Basulto José , Gasca-Martínez Yadira , Rivera-Cervantes Martha , Ureña-Guerrero Mónica , Feria-Velasco Alfredo , Beas-Zarate Carlos
Published: February 2018

Undoubtedly, one of the most interesting topics in the field of neuroscience is the ability of the central nervous system to respond to different stimuli (normal or pathological) by modifying its structure and function, either transiently or permanently, by generating neural cells and new connections in a process known as neuroplasticity. According to the large amount of evidence reported in the literature, many stimuli, such as environmental pressures, changes in the internal dynamic steady state of the organism and even injuries or illnesses (e.g., epilepsy) may induce neuroplasticity. Epilepsy and neuroplasticity seem to be closely related, as the two processes could positively affect one another. Thus, in this review, we analysed some neuroplastic changes triggered in the hippocampus in response to seizure-induced neuronal damage and how these changes could lead to the establishment of temporal lobe epilepsy, the most common type of focal human epilepsy.
Announcement: Remote Sensing 2017 Best Reviewer Award Winners
Authors:   Remote Sensing Office
Published: February 2018

Peer review is an essential part of the publication process, ensuring that Remote Sensing maintains the high standard of its published papers[...]
Statistical Analysis of Stress Signals from Bridge Monitoring by FBG System
Authors: Ye Xiao-Wei , Su You-Hua , Xi Pei-Sen
Published: February 2018

In this paper, a fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based stress monitoring system instrumented on an orthotropic steel deck arch bridge is demonstrated. The FBG sensors are installed at two types of critical fatigue-prone welded joints to measure the strain and temperature signals. A total of 64 FBG sensors are deployed around the rib-to-deck and rib-to-diagram areas at the mid-span and quarter-span of the investigated orthotropic steel bridge. The local stress behaviors caused by the highway loading and temperature effect during the construction and operation periods are presented with the aid of a wavelet multi-resolution analysis approach. In addition, the multi-modal characteristic of the rainflow counted stress spectrum is modeled by the method of finite mixture distribution together with a genetic algorithm (GA)-based parameter estimation approach. The optimal probability distribution of the stress spectrum is determined by use of Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Furthermore, the hot spot stress of the welded joint is calculated by an extrapolation method recommended in the specification of International Institute of Welding (IIW). The stochastic characteristic of stress concentration factor (SCF) of the concerned welded joint is addressed. The proposed FBG-based stress monitoring system and probabilistic stress evaluation methods can provide an effective tool for structural monitoring and condition assessment of orthotropic steel bridges.
Customizable Optical Force Sensor for Fast Prototyping and Cost-Effective Applications
Authors: Díez Jorge , Catalán José , Blanco Andrea , García-Perez José , Badesa Francisco , Gacía-Aracil Nicolás
Published: February 2018

This paper presents the development of an optical force sensor architecture directed to prototyping and cost-effective applications, where the actual force requirements are still not well defined or the most suitable commercial technologies would highly increase the cost of the device. The working principle of this sensor consists of determining the displacement of a lens by measuring the distortion of a refracted light beam. This lens is attached to an elastic interface whose elastic constant is known, allowing the estimation of the force that disturbs the optical system. In order to satisfy the requirements of the design process in an inexpensive way, this sensor can be built by fast prototyping technologies and using non-optical grade elements. To deal with the imperfections of this kind of manufacturing procedures and materials, four fitting models are proposed to calibrate the implemented sensor. In order to validate the system, two different sensor implementations with measurement ranges of ±45 N and ±10 N are tested with the proposed models, comparing the resulting force estimation with respect to an industrial-grade load cell. Results show that all models can estimate the loads with an error of about 6% of the measurement range.
An Improved Calibration Method for a Rotating 2D LIDAR System
Authors: Zeng Yadan , Yu Heng , Dai Houde , Song Shuang , Lin Mingqiang , Sun Bo , Jiang Wei , Meng Max
Published: February 2018

This paper presents an improved calibration method of a rotating two-dimensional light detection and ranging (R2D-LIDAR) system, which can obtain the 3D scanning map of the surroundings. The proposed R2D-LIDAR system, composed of a 2D LIDAR and a rotating unit, is pervasively used in the field of robotics owing to its low cost and dense scanning data. Nevertheless, the R2D-LIDAR system must be calibrated before building the geometric model because there are assembled deviation and abrasion between the 2D LIDAR and the rotating unit. Hence, the calibration procedures should contain both the adjustment between the two devices and the bias of 2D LIDAR itself. The main purpose of this work is to resolve the 2D LIDAR bias issue with a flat plane based on the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm. Experimental results for the calibration of the R2D-LIDAR system prove the reliability of this strategy to accurately estimate sensor offsets with the error range from −15 mm to 15 mm for the performance of capturing scans.
Hematological Abnormality, Oxidative Stress, and Genotoxicity Induction in the Greenhouse Pesticide Sprayers; Investigating the Role of NQO1 Gene Polymorphism
Authors: Ahmadi Nahid , Mandegary Ali , Jamshidzadeh Akram , Mohammadi-Sardoo Mohaddeseh , Mohammadi-Sardo Mohammadreza , Salari Elham , Pourgholi Leyla
Published: February 2018

The widespread use of pesticides in agriculture represents a threat to the human populations exposed to them. In this cross-sectional study, the hematological and biochemical parameters, plasma cholinesterase (PChE) activity, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T polymorphism were measured in 100 greenhouse workers occupationally exposed to pesticide mixture and 104 normal healthy controls. There was a decrease in erythrocytes (5.45%, p = 0.026) and hemoglobin (3.26%, p = 0.025), and an increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin (3.54%, p = 0.013) in the exposed workers. Sprayers showed a reduction in PChE (23%) and GSH (50%) levels, and an increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) (55%), protein carbonyl (145%), Superoxide dismutase activity (61%), and total antioxidant capacity (35%) (p < 0.001 for all parameters but LPO: p = 0.009). Genotoxicity parameters were significantly high in the exposed cases (for all parameters: p < 0.001 but tail length: p = 0.002). There was a significant correlation between oxidative stress and genotoxicity parameters, and also between these biomarkers and PChE activity. The NQO1 C609T polymorphism was not significantly associated with studied biomarkers. The findings indicate that occupational exposure to a mixture of pesticides can induce hematotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in greenhouse workers.
The Black Hole Radiation in Massive Gravity
Authors: Arraut Ivan
Published: February 2018

We apply the Bogoliubov transformations in order to connect two different vacuums, one located at past infinity and another located at future infinity around a black hole inside the scenario of the nonlinear theory of massive gravity. The presence of the extra degrees of freedom changes the behavior of the logarithmic singularity and, as a consequence, the relation between the two Bogoliubov coefficients. This has an effect on the number of particles, or equivalently, on the black hole temperature perceived by observers defining the time arbitrarily.
Experimental and Numerical Study of Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Gullies for Buildings
Authors: Lo Der-Chang , Chang Shyy , Liu Hsin-Feng , Chen Chao-Yan
Published: February 2018

The miniaturization of a gully for building drainage system is attempted by installing a streamlined bump in the discharge pipe to maintain the minimum water trap height of 50 mm. The hydrodynamic performances of the air–water flows with or without glass balls through the two types of four-entry gullies with beveled or vertical nozzle flows are experimentally and numerically studied. The images of air–water–solid flow, maximum flow rates, self-purification properties and sustainable water traps subject to static and dynamic loadings are experimentally detected. The predictions of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) unravel the characteristic flow structures to assist the interpretation of experimental results. In this respect, the observed entrained air bubbles and clustered glass balls in each gully correspond favorably to the regions with negative static pressures and weak flow momentums as disclosed by the CFD predictions. The measured ratios between discharged and supplied glass balls are consistently higher for the gully with beveled nozzle flows. The less efficient transportation of glass balls out of the drum for the gully with downward nozzle flow is attributed to the larger pressure gradients with considerable air entrainments. The relaxations of the form and friction drags over the nozzle-tip region and the reductions of air entrainments are essential for upgrading the maximum flow rate and the self-purification performance of a miniaturized gully.
L’imbrication du principe de précaution allemand et de la théorie du bilan française dans le droit administratif espagnol à l’ère de l’européisation du droit administratif
Authors: J. Sierra Cadena Grenfieth de
Published: February 2018

Le «principe de précaution » allemand et la «théorie du bilan » française sont a priori deux notions distinctes cependant des problèmes juridiques transversaux les ont peu à peu rapprochées en droit administratif espagnol. D’un point de vue de droit comparé, il semblerait que nous assistions à l’émergence d’une imbrication de deux notions qui, bien que différentes, se complètent pour apporter des réponses appropriées aux situations juridiques nouvelles. L’enjeu d’une telle analyse est d’utiliser le laboratoire du droit administratif espagnol pour révéler les migrations notionnelles qui se jouent entre espaces juridiques, plus spécifiquement s’agissant de la régulation du risque, de la protection des droits fondamentaux et de la garantie de l’intérêt général. Il s’agit par cette démarche de saisir les enjeux actuels de l’européisation du droit administratif en l’illustrant par une analyse de la circulation du principe de précaution et de la théorie du bilan dans la jurisprudence du Tribunal Suprême Espagnol. En ce sens, le droit public comparé est devenu un dispositif théorique pour penser un ius publicum commun en Europe.
Laparoscopic Omentopexy, Rectus Sheath Tunneling and Implantation of the Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Using a Peritoneal Dialysis Port
Authors: Keramati Mohammad Reza , Abbaszadeh-Kasbi Ali , Keshvari Amir
Published: February 2018

Background

Prophylactic laparoscopic omentopexy is a safe technique to prevent peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter obstruction. For the first time, we would like to describe a surgical technique in which the omentopexy is done using a single PD port which is used for the omentopexy, PD catheter insertion, and the rectus sheath tunneling of the catheter.

Methods

The surgical method of the omentopexy using the PD port (US Patent 20170119430) will be thoroughly described. To evaluate the surgical method, we performed the procedure in 15 consecutive patients with chronic renal failure and followed up the patients.

Results

No intraoperative complication was observed. During the follow-up period, catheter flow failure due to omental wrapping was found in none of the patients. No other complication including exit-site infection, peritonitis, or catheter leakage was detected.

Conclusion

Using this technique the catheter can not only be implanted through a proper and long rectus sheath, but the omentopexy can also be done without an additional port. This can reduce port-site complications and dialysis fluid leakage.
The Middle Latency Response: A Review of Findings in Various Central Nervous System Lesions
Authors: Musiek Frank , Nagle Stephanie
Published: February 2018

Background:The middle latency response (MLR) first came to light as an auditory evoked potential in 1958. Since then, it has aroused substantial interest and investigation by clinicians and researchers alike. In recent history, its use and popularity have dwindled in tandem with
various other auditory evoked potentials in audiology. One area for which MLR research and application has been overlooked is its potential value in measuring the neural integrity of the auditory thalamocortical pathway. In a broader sense, the MLR, when combined with the auditory brain stem
response, can provide information concerning the status of much of the central auditory system pathways. This review is intended to provide information concerning the MLR as a measure of central auditory function for the reader to consider.Purpose:To review and synthesize the scientific
literature regarding the potential value of the MLR in assessing the integrity of the central auditory system and to provide the reader an informed perspective on the value of the MLR in this regard. Information is also provided on the MLR generator sites and fundamental characteristics of
this evoked potential essential to its clinical and or research application.Research Design:A systematic review and synthesis of the literature focusing on the MLR and lesions of the central auditory system.Study Sample:Studies and individual cases were reviewed and analyzed
that evidenced documented lesions of the central auditory nervous system.Data Collection and Analysis:The authors searched and reviewed the literature (journal articles, book chapters, and books) pertaining to central auditory system lesion effects on the MLR.Results:Although
findings varied from study to study, overall, the MLR was reasonably sensitive and specific to neurological compromise of the central auditory system. This finding is consistent with the generator sites of this evoked potential.Conclusions:The MLR is a valuable tool for assessing the
integrity of the central auditory system. It should be of interest to the clinician or researcher who focuses their attention on the function and dysfunction of the higher auditory system.
The DECam Plane Survey: Optical Photometry of Two Billion Objects in the Southern Galactic Plane
Authors: Schlafly E. F. , Green G. M. , Lang D. , Daylan T. , Finkbeiner D. P. , Lee A. , Meisner A. M. , Schlegel D. , Valdes F.
Published: February 2018

The DECam Plane Survey is a five-band optical and near-infrared survey of the southern Galactic plane with the Dark Energy Camera at Cerro Tololo. The survey is designed to reach past the main-sequence turn-off of old populations at the distance of the Galactic center through a reddening

of 1.5 mag. Typical single-exposure depths are 23.7, 22.8, 22.3, 21.9, and 21.0 mag (AB) in the grizY bands, with seeing around

. The footprint covers the Galactic plane with

,

. The survey pipeline simultaneously solves for the positions and fluxes of tens of thousands of sources in each image, delivering positions and fluxes of roughly two billion stars with better than 10 mmag precision. Most of these objects are highly reddened and deep in the Galactic disk, probing the structure and properties of the Milky Way and its interstellar medium. The fully-processed images and derived catalogs are publicly available.
DESCQA: An Automated Validation Framework for Synthetic Sky Catalogs
Authors: Mao Yao-Yuan , Kovacs Eve , Heitmann Katrin , Uram Thomas D. , Benson Andrew J. , Campbell Duncan , Cora Sofía A. , DeRose Joseph , Matteo Tiziana Di , Habib Salman , Hearin Andrew P. , Kalmbach J. Bryce , Krughoff K. Simon , Lanusse François , Lukić Zarija , Mandelbaum Rachel , Newman Jeffrey A. , Padilla Nelson , Paillas Enrique , Pope Adrian , Ricker Paul M. , Ruiz Andrés N. , Tenneti Ananth , Vega-Martínez Cristian A. , Wechsler Risa H. , Zhou Rongpu , Zu Ying ,   (The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration)
Published: February 2018

The use of high-quality simulated sky catalogs is essential for the success of cosmological surveys. The catalogs have diverse applications, such as investigating signatures of fundamental physics in cosmological observables, understanding the effect of systematic uncertainties on measured signals and testing mitigation strategies for reducing these uncertainties, aiding analysis pipeline development and testing, and survey strategy optimization. The list of applications is growing with improvements in the quality of the catalogs and the details that they can provide. Given the importance of simulated catalogs, it is critical to provide rigorous validation protocols that enable both catalog providers and users to assess the quality of the catalogs in a straightforward and comprehensive way. For this purpose, we have developed the DESCQA framework for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope Dark Energy Science Collaboration as well as for the broader community. The goal of DESCQA is to enable the inspection, validation, and comparison of an inhomogeneous set of synthetic catalogs via the provision of a common interface within an automated framework. In this paper, we present the design concept and first implementation of DESCQA. In order to establish and demonstrate its full functionality we use a set of interim catalogs and validation tests. We highlight several important aspects, both technical and scientific, that require thoughtful consideration when designing a validation framework, including validation metrics and how these metrics impose requirements on the synthetic sky catalogs.
Gemini Follow-up of Two Massive H i Clouds Discovered with the Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder
Authors: Madrid Juan P. , Lee-Waddell Karen , Serra Paolo , Koribalski Bärbel S. , Schirmer Mischa , Spekkens Kristine , Wang Jing
Published: February 2018

Using the Gemini Multi Object Spectrograph (GMOS) we search for optical counterparts of two massive (∼109
M
⊙) neutral hydrogen clouds near the spiral galaxy IC 5270, located in the outskirts of the IC 1459 group. These two H i clouds were recently discovered using the Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASKAP). Two low surface brightness optical counterparts to one of these H i clouds are identified in the new Gemini data that reaches down to magnitudes of ∼27.5 mag in the g-band. The observed H i mass-to-light ratio derived with these new data,

, is among the highest reported to date. We are also able to rule out that the two H i clouds are dwarf companions of IC 5270. Tidal interactions and ram pressure stripping are plausible explanations for the physical origin of these two clouds.
ALMA Detection of Extended [C ii] Emission in Himiko at z = 6.6
Authors: Carniani S. , Maiolino R. , Smit R. , Amorín R.
Published: February 2018

Himiko is one of the most luminous Lyα emitters at z = 6.595. It has three star-forming clumps detected in the rest-frame UV, with a total SFR = 20 M
⊙ yr−1. We report the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) detection of the [C ii]158 μm line emission in this Galaxy with a significance of 8σ. The total [C ii] luminosity (L
[C ii] = 1.2 × 108
L
⊙) is fully consistent with the local L
[C ii]–SFR relation. The ALMA high-angular resolution reveals that the [C ii] emission is made of two distinct components. The brightest [C ii] clump is extended over 4 kpc and is located on the peak of the Lyα nebula, which is spatially offset by 1 kpc relative to the brightest UV clump. The second [C ii] component is spatially unresolved (size <2 kpc) and coincident with one of the three UV clumps. While the latter component is consistent with the local L
[C ii]–SFR relation, the other components are scattered above and below the local relation. We shortly discuss the possible origin of the [C ii] components and their relation with the star-forming clumps traced by the UV emission.
Mycotoxins and oxidative stress: where are we?
Authors: da Silva E.O. , Bracarense A.P.F.L. , Oswald I.P.
Published: February 2018

Mycotoxins are the most common contaminants of food and feed worldwide and are considered an important risk factor for human and animal health. Oxidative stress occurs in cells when the concentration of reactive oxygen species exceeds the cell’s antioxidant capacity. Oxidative stress causes DNA damage, enhances lipid peroxidation, protein damage and cell death. This review addresses the toxicity of the major mycotoxins, especially aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, T-2 toxin, fumonisin B1, ochratoxin, patulin and zearalenone, in relation to oxidative stress. It summarises the data associated with oxidative stress as a plausible mechanism for mycotoxin-induced toxicity. Given the contamination caused by mycotoxins worldwide, the protective effects of a variety of natural compounds due to their antioxidant capacities have been evaluated. We review data on the ability of vitamins, flavonoids, crocin, curcumin, green tea, lycopene, phytic acid, L-carnitine, melatonin, minerals and mixtures of anti-oxidants to mitigate the toxic effect of mycotoxins associated with oxidative stress.
El proceso de canonización de Santa Rosa (nuevas luces sobre la identidad criolla en el Perú colonial)
Authors: Hampe Martínez Teodoro
Published: February 2018

Por medio del estudio de la canonización de Isabel Flores de Oliva (Rosa de Santa María), la primera persona nacida en América canonizada por la Iglesia, se intenta reconstruir la sociedad limeña de finales del siglo XVII y la importancia de esta canonización en la emergente sociedad criolla.
El cardenal Puente (1808-1867), desde Cádiz, en tres líneas divergentes en el siglo XIX español
Authors: Martínez Albiach Alfredo
Published: February 2018

El autor examina la trayectoria de tres gaditanos que convivieron y coincidieron en parte en el tiempo que les tocó vivir, cada uno en un ámbito y con talante muy distinto: el militar Luis Fernández de Córdova, el político Mendizábal y el obispo De La Puente, que lo fue de Salamanca y Burgos.
La praxis de visita “Ad limina" de las Iglesias latinoamericanas en el siglo XIX
Authors: Camus Ibacache Misael
Published: February 2018

El artículo ofrece el registro y análisis de Visita ad Limina de las iglesias de América Latina, circunscritas a las diócesis erigidas en el período hispánico conservadas en el Archivo Vaticano. Presenta una visión global del cumplimiento de esta norma, recaba las constantes y los problemas comunes con los que se tuvieron que enfrentar estas iglesias en el transcurso del siglo XIX; además de la evaluación hermenéutica de estas fuentes, como un conjunto documental importante para iniciar o profundizar estudios históticos eclesiales.
Hoy, Cataluña y los Jesuitas. A propósito de un libro de J. Mª Benítez i Riera, S.I.
Authors: De Lasala Fernando
Published: February 2018

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Vivienda y vida privada: la transformación de los conceptos por la acción evangelizadora de la Compañía de Jesús (provincia Jesuítica de Paraguay, 1604-1767)
Authors: Levinton Norberto
Published: February 2018

El autor estudia, desde el punto de vista arquitectónico, la evolución de las viviendas entre los indios guaraníes. Observa cómo las técnicas introducidas entre ellos por los jesuitas implicaban cambios en la concepción de la vida doméstica.
A vueltas con los obispos de Pamplona de época visigoda. Apostillas a una réplica
Authors: Larrañaga Elorza Koldo
Published: February 2018

El trabajo, que reincide en tema tratado ya antes por el autor en esta revista, se ocupa en lo esencial de responder a las críticas formuladas por J.J. Larrea a ese su anterior pronunciamiento sobre la cuestión. Este supeditarse a un guión impuesto por otro no empece, con todo, a que en el artículo resalten más nítidos y mejor explicitados algunos aspectos de la posición del autor, que en la toma de contacto previa pudieron quedar no suficientemente elucidados. En cualquier caso, de lo que no cabría dudar es de que esta discusión ayuda a centrar, no sólo el tema de la suerte que cupo al obispado de Pamplona en la etapa visigótica, sino también el de la situación derivada en el entorno circumpirenaico occidental durante la Antigüedad Tardía.
El coleccionismo particular en el siglo XVII: los cuadros y los libros del doctor Antonio de Riaño y Viedma, cura de la iglesia parroquial de San Miguel, Madrid (1659)
Authors: Dadson Trevor J.
Published: February 2018

En este trabajo se estudian los inventarios de cuadros y de libros de un cura parroquial del siglo XVII, el doctor Antonio de Riaño y Viedma, que murió en el verano de 1659. Primer cura parroquial de la recién construida iglesia de San Miguel de Madrid, el doctor Riaño consiguió reunir una extensa e interesante colección pictórica de más de 300 cuadros, además de una biblioteca de unos 146 tomos. Mediante un examen detallado de estas colecciones, se intenta llegar a un mejor conocimiento del mundo cultural (los gustos y aficiones) de un eclesiástico de la primera mitad del siglo XVII español.
Nueva relación de la embajada de don García de Silva y Figueroa a Persia. 1619
Authors: De Castro y Castro Manuel
Published: February 2018

Un franciscano, Fr. Melchor de los Ángeles, probablemente portugués, misionero en Persia, el año 1619, da un informe poco favorable a la célebre embajada de D. García de Silva Figuroa.
De cómo, dónde y cuándo fueron bautizados los primeros indios
Authors: Olaechea Labayen Juan B.
Published: February 2018

Sobre el tema del enunciado existen varias teorías: Una, que los primeros indios fueron bautizados en 1493 en la basílica de Guadalupe, al tornaviaje del descubrimineto. Pero, ¿fue Colón al santuario extremeño en el intersticio del primer y segundo viaje? Una segunda, que el primer bautizo solemne de nativos del Nuevo Mundo se admimistró en dicha basílica, pero después del regreso del segundo viaje. Sin embargo, ¿fueron ellos los primeros indios bautizados de forma solemne? Otro tercer supuesto razona que absolutamente los seis primeros americanos cristianizados fueron los presentados por Colón después del descubrimiento en Barcelona a los Reyes Católicos, quienes actuaron, junto con el prícipe Don Juan, de padrinos y de oficiante el cardenal Mendoza.
El asociacionismo católico español en 1900: un intento de aproximación
Authors: Milán García José Ramón
Published: February 2018

Las investigaciones sobre las formas y ámbitos de sociabilidad, situadas a caballo de la antropología y la sociología, resultan una de las líneas de investigación histórica más fecundas hoy en día. En el caso de la sociedad española del último cuarto del siglo XIX el asociacionismo católico, punta de lanza del resurgir que experimentó la Iglesia durante la Restauración, es un fenómeno todavía no suficientemente valorado y necesitado de una mayor profundización. Se requieren en primer lugar monografías concretas que sean elaboradas a partir de los datos fragmentarios disponibles para reconstruir a continuación el mapa asociativo del catolicismo español. A partir de su realización podremos afrontar con más garantías una interpretación de conjunto sobre la intensidad, carácter y diversidad de las redes asociativas de la Iglesia en aquella sociedad. El estudio aquí reflejado intenta dar una aproximación al mundo asociativo católico español en el entorno del cambio de siglo a partir de la contrastación de los datos existentes con el análisis de estadísticas que apenas han sido utilizadas, y enmarcar todo este fenómeno dentro de los conflictos anticlericales de fines de siglo. Se pretende con ello despertar un mayor interés por este tema y abrir el camino de ulteriores investigaciones.
La Iglesia Católica en Guatemala frente a la década revolucionaria y la liberalización (1944-1954)
Authors: Gómez Díez Francisco Javier
Published: February 2018

Este artículo estudia la situación de la Iglesia católica durante la Década Revolucionaria en Guatemala. La Constitución de 1945 prolongó la marginación que sufría la Iglesia desde la Revolución liberal de 1871. Pero la política gubernamental fue colocando en la oposición a amplios grupos de los implicados en la Revoliución. Estos grupos vieron, entonces, un posible aliado en la Iglesia. Así, en 1954, la Iglesia encontró un camino para modificar las limitaciones legales. Por esta causa, justificará la sublevación contrarrevolucionaria. Pero, al mismo tiempo, intentará marcar distancias con respecto al nuevo gobierno.
«Soli Hispani»? Innocent III and Las Navas de Tolosa
Authors: J. Smith Damián
Published: February 2018

El autor analiza en este artículo el influjo del Papa Inocencio III en la consecución de la visctoria cristiana en la batalla de Las Navas de Tolosa y la proyección que tomó en España en las ideas de batalla y reconquista. Los elementos esenciales fueron: reforma de la Iglesia, el estableciemiento de la Paz y la propagación del cristianismo.
Aproximación a la moral en la Tarraconense (S. XIII-XV)
Authors: Baró i Queralt Xavier , Ontalba Ruipérez José Antonio
Published: February 2018

El objetivo principal del presente artículo es analizar los comportamientos y la moral de la sociedad (cleros y seglares) catalana bajomedieval; lo cual se ejemplifica en las fuentes de época, esto es, los cánones conciliares de la Tarraconense, las visitas pastorales o los penitenciales.
Le système de riziculture intensive ou « SRI » à Madagascar
Authors: Serpantié Georges
Published: February 2018

Comment le système de riziculture intensive (SRI) – une invention malgache sans efficacité suffisante compte tenu de ses coûts selon l’agronomie expérimentale –, sans adoption importante, a-t-il pu néanmoins convaincre les nombreux acteurs, y compris une minorité de riziculteurs, qui l’ont promu, faire l’objet d’une politique nationale et, enfin, prospérer à une échelle internationale ? En partant de l’hypothèse du « mythe sociotechnique », notre démarche allie agronomie et sociologie pour identifier les acteurs et les modes de construction des savoirs et des politiques agricoles, évaluer ce système de culture dans les conditions de la pratique, et comprendre les motivations du changement technique par l’exploitant. L’adoption politique du modèle SRI résulte d’une forte demande de renouvellement des messages techniques, dans un contexte de ruptures : changement politique à Madagascar et crise internationale du modèle « Révolution verte ». Ce processus complexe associe des mécanismes cognitifs (l’illusion ou l’« auto-promotion », la théorisation savante à l’échelle de la plante, le dogme) et des facteurs politiques (le « marketing », la légitimation d’un nouveau savoir, la mobilisation institutionnelle, le désir de distinction, et plus récemment la recherche d’éthique écologique). L’utilité pour la production ou l’agriculteur est intervenue marginalement, expliquant toutefois certains cas d’adoption authentique.
The Introduction of SRI in Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Sen Debashish , Maat Harro , Glover Dominic , Prasad C. Shambu
Published: February 2018

Cet article discute les représentations du système de riziculture intensive (SRI) – un ensemble de principes agronomiques promus comme méthode de riziculture durable – vis-à-vis de trois notions clés du développement agricole: rendements, durabilité et adoption par les agriculteurs. Nous soutenons que c’est par le biais d’affirmations exagérées (qu’elles soient positives ou négatives) sur le lien entre SRI et ces trois notions, que le SRI a acquis des attributs mythologiques. Contrairement à l’interprétation populaire qui voit dans les mythes « des fausses croyances », nous adoptons une perspective anthropologique sur les mythes en les conceptualisant comme des récits qui créent du sens et motivent l’action. C’est par ces récits que le SRI a été associé à des discours dominant le secteur du développement sur la sécurité alimentaire et l’agriculture durable et, ce faisant, passant sous silence les processus complexes qui déterminent les pratiques rizicoles et réduisant le SRI à une solution technopolitique. Nous soutenons que ces visions restrictives du SRI (et des technologies en général) contribuent à l’écart entre les mondes de la science et de la politique, d’une part, et les réalités des agriculteurs, d’autre part. À l’aide d’une étude de cas sur les changements dans les pratiques d’ensemencement et de transplantation de cultivateurs de riz dans le nord de l’Inde, nous montrons que les agriculteurs utilisent aussi des récits mythologiques, mais de manière beaucoup moins contraignante. Les récits de développement en tant que mythes (au sens anthropologique) peuvent aider leurs communautés à faire face au changement, sans qu’ils soient basés sur des solutions prédéfinies.