bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Tragacanth Gel Cushions in Prevention of Pressure Ulcer in Traumatic Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shakibamehr Javad , Rad Mojtaba , Akrami Rahim , Rad Mostafa
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Pressure ulcer is one of the most common and painful complications in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). This study aimed to compare the effects of tragacanth gel cushions and foam-filled ones on the prevention of pressure ulcers. Methods: This triple-blind, randomized, clinical trial was performed on 94 patients admitted to the ICU of Taleqhani Hospital of Mashhad, Iran. The participants were divided into two groups of tragacanth gel pad and foam (n=47 for each group). Both groups received all the routine care. The participants were examined on a daily basis during a ten-day period. We considered sacral region as the most affected site, and the patients with erythema were excluded from the study. To analyze the data, Chi-squared test, Fisher’s exact test, and t-test were run, using Stata version 12. Results: The data showed significant differences in terms of the incidence of skin redness in the tragacanth gel cushions group and foam cushion group, respectively, 6.84 (1.58) and 5.67 (1.26) days after admission. In addition, in the tragacanth gel cushions group 14 patients (29.7%) did not have skin redness compared with the foam cushion group (8.51%), which indicated a significant difference. Conclusion: This study showed that the use of tragacanth gel cushion is effective in the prevention of pressure ulcers in ICU patients. Cushions filled with tragacanth gel also delayed the onset of erythema. Considering their cost-effectiveness and naturalness, the use of tragacanth gel cushions is recommended to improve the sacral skin health and prevent pressure ulcers.
The Efficacy of Father Attachment Education on the Severity of Domestic Violence in Primegravida Women
Authors: Setodeh Sara , Ghodrati Fatemeh , Akbarzadeh Marzieh
Published: April 2019

Introduction: In addition to physical and psychological tension imposed on women through pregnancy, the stress of the spouses' violence can cause harmful effects on both the fetus and mother. In Iran, there are limited data on this subject. Thus, learning attachment skills may be effective in reducing adaptation and domestic violence. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of paternal attachment on the severity of domestic violence in primgravida women. Methods: This quasi-experiment research was conducted on 150 pregnant women who were eligible and selected through simple convenience sampling. In the intervention group, four 90-minute training sessions were designed on father attachment, while the control group received routine prenatal care. A violence questionnaire was completed both before and after the intervention (36-38 weeks of pregnancy) in both case and control groups. Data analysis was done in SPSS software, using paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: According to the results of an independent t-test, there was no significant difference in psychological violence, physical violence, and economic violence. However, there was a significant change in social violence, sexual violence, and overall violence score. Conclusion: Training the fathers on behavior of domestic violence and its skills leads to reduced social and sexual violence. Therefore, it seems necessary to include education for the fathers in prenatal care.
Assessment of the prognostic utility of the FIT treadmill score in coronary artery disease patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Cuenza Lucky R. , Yap Emily Mae L. , Ebba Edgardo
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Cardiovascular fitness is an important goal in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs and is predictive of outcomes. We sought to determine the utility of a novel clinical treadmill score in determining prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients after CR. Methods: Demographic, clinical and exercise data of 262 patients (mean age 55.8 ± 10.1 years) who completed an outpatient CR program were analyzed. The FIT treadmill score was determined prior to program initiation and after completion. Patients were classified according to risk category using the FIT scores after CR completion and were followed up for the occurrence of 10 year all cause mortality. Results: On median follow up of 10.3 years, 52 patients died. An improvement of the FIT treadmill score by 18.2 points was associated with a 21% reduction in mortality (multivariate-adjusted Hazard Ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.56-1.08, P≤0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed increased occurrence of mortality in the high-risk group. After adjustment for confounders a high-risk FIT score category on exit (HR: 2.7, 95% CI 1.41-5.17, P≤0.05) was predictive of increased mortality. Both an improvement in the FIT score (AUC=0.81) and the FIT score category on exit (AUC=0.92) had good discrimination in predicting mortality. Conclusion: The FIT treadmill score is predictive of all cause mortality in patients with CAD undergoing CR. An improvement in the FIT score after CR is associated with improved survival. The FIT score may be a useful prognostic marker of overall cardiovascular fitness and successful outcome for patients who participate in CR programs.
Mesenchymal stem cells from human amniotic membrane differentiate into cardiomyocytes and endothelial-like cells without improving cardiac function after surgical administration in rat model of chronic heart failure
Authors: Gorjipour Fazel , Hosseini-Gohari Ladan , Alizadeh Ghavidel Alireza , Hajimiresmaiel Seyed Javad , Naderi Nasim , Darbandi Azar Amir , Pazoki-Toroudi Hamidreza
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) have been used in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. In the current study, we investigated the efficacy of hAMSCs for the treatment of chronic model of myocardial ischemia and heart failure (HF) in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats weighing between 250 to 350 g were randomized into three groups: sham, HF control and HF+hAMSCs. For HF induction, animals were anesthetized and underwent left anterior descending artery ligation. In HF+hAMSCs group, 2×106 cells were injected into the left ventricular muscle four weeks post ischemia in the border zone of the ischemic area. Cardiac function was studied using echocardiography. Masson’s trichrome staining was used for studying tissue fibrosis. Cells were transduced with green fluorescent protein (GFP) coding lentiviral vector. Immunohistochemistry was used for detecting GFP, vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and troponin T markers in the tissue sections. Results: Assessment of the cardiac function revealed no improvement in the myocardial function compared to the control HF group. Moreover, tissue fibrosis was similar in two groups. Immunohistochemical study revealed the homing of the injected hAMSCs to the myocardium. Cells were stained positive for VEGF and troponin T markers. Conclusion: injection of hAMSCs 4 weeks after ischemia does not improve cardiac function and cardiac muscle fibrosis, although the cells show markers of differentiation into vascular endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes. In sum, it appears that hAMSCs are effective in the early phases of myocardial ischemia and does not offer a significant advantage in patients with chronic HF.
Different expression of Micro RNA-126, 133a and 145 in aorta and saphenous vein samples of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Jodati Ahmadreza , Pirouzpanah Seyed Mohammadbagher , Fathi Maroufi Nazila , Pezeshkian Masoud , Safaie Naser , Bijanpour Hossain , Khamaneh Amir Mahdi , Mota Ali , Nouri Mohammad
Published: April 2019

Introduction: microRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved, noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression on the post-transcriptional level. Some evidence indicates that microRNAs dysfunction plays a crucial role in human disease development. The role of microRNAs in cardiac growth, hypertrophy, heart failure, cardiovascular complications in diabetes and many other hearth conditions are demonstrated. In this study we aimed to evaluate the expression of six microRNAs (mir-100, mir-126, mir-127, mir-133a, mir-133b and mir-145) that have been shown to overexpress in aortic and carotid plaques. Methods: Thirty Coronary Artery Disease patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery were enrolled in the study. The expression patterns of six miRNAs (mir-100, mir-126, mir-127, mir-133a, mir-133b, and mir-145) were examined in 30 patients of whom we obtained aorta and saphenous vein samples. Results: In three miRNAs, mir-100, mir-127 and mir-133b, we did not obtain expression data from real-time experiments. We found that the expression level of mir-126, mir-133a and mir145 were lower in aorta in comparison with saphenous vein. Mir-126 was highly expressed in saphenous vein samples (13.8±1.1) when compared with aorta samples (20.2±1.1), although mir133a was highly expressed in saphenous vein samples (16.1±0.5) when compared with the aorta (17.9±1.5). Expression of mir-145 saphenous vein samples was also dramatically higher than aorta (7.2±0.5 versus 10.8±0.6) that was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Understanding the role of miRNAs in cardiovascular physiology and diseases might suggest miRNA- based therapeutic methods in the management of coronary artery disease.
Boldine Supplementation Regulates Mitochondrial Function and Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model of Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Heidari Reza , Arabnezhad Mohammad Reza , Ommati Mohammad Mehdi , Azarpira Negar , Ghodsimanesh Elham , Niknahad Hossein
Published: April 2019

Background: The xenobiotics-induced liver injury is a clinical complication. Hence, finding new hepatoprotective strategies has clinical value. Oxidative stress and its subsequent complications are major mechanisms involved in xenobiotics-induced hepatotoxicity. Boldine is one of the most potent antioxidant molecules widely investigated for its protective properties in different experimental models. In the current study, the hepatoprotective properties of boldine and its potential mechanisms of hepatoprotection have been investigated. Methods: Rats received thioacetamide (TAA; 200 mg/kg, i.p) as a model of acute liver injury. Boldine (5, 10, 1nd 20 mg/kg; 24 hours intervals; oral) was administered as the hepatoprotective agent. Results: Liver injury was evident in TAA-treated animals (48 hours after TAA exposure) as a severe increase in serum level of liver injury biomarkers and histopathological alterations. Moreover, markers of oxidative stress were increased in liver tissue of TAA-treated rats. Assessment of mitochondrial indices of functionality revealed a significant decrease in mitochondrial dehydrogenases activity, the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial swelling and depletion of ATP content. It was found that boldine supplementation mitigated liver tissue markers of oxidative stress and improved mitochondrial indices of functionality in TAA-treated animals. Conclusion: The hepatoprotective properties of boldine might primarily rely on antioxidant and mitochondria protecting effects of this alkaloid.
Effects of Bene (Pistacia atlantica) on Histopathology of Testis, Sperm Chromatin Quality and Stress Oxidative in Busulfan-Induced Infertile Mice
Authors: Norasteh Hojat , Mohammadi Shabnam , Nikravesh Mohammad Reza , Broumand Samaneh , Beheshti Farimah
Published: April 2019

Background: Some plants stimulate spermatogenesis and increase fertility, while some cause spermatogenesis arrest. So far, the effects of bene (Pistacia atlantica) on male fertility have not been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of bene on sperm parameters, testicular histopathology, sperm quality, and oxidative stress in busulfan-induced infertile mice. Methods: Thirty-five male BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to control, sham, busulfan, bene, and bene + busulfan groups. The busulfan group received 10 mg/kg as a single dose and intraperitoneally. The bene group received pellets containing 10% of bene. Another group received 10 mg/kg busulfan and was fed with pellet containing 10% bene. Then, sperms, sperm chromatin quality, testicular histopathology, and oxidative stress levels were studied on the 35th day of the experiment. Results: Busulfan injection resulted in a significant reduction in sperm parameters compared to the control group (p<0.001); it decreased after bene administration (p<0.001). In addition, in the group treated with bene, the sperm count with damaged DNA was reduced and the level of malondialdehyde decreased compared to the busulfan group. A significant increase was observed in the mean level of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes in the bene + busulfan group compared to the busulfan group (p<0.001). The histopathological improvement of the testis was observed in the bene + busulfan group. Conclusion: The administration of 10 mg/kg of bene powder for 35 days reduced the oxidative stress, improved testicular histopathology, sperm chromatin quality, and sperm parameters in the infertile mice model.
Direct Monitoring of Verapamil Level in Exhaled Breath Condensate Samples
Authors: Pourkarim Fariba , Rahimpour Elaheh , Khoubnasabjafari Maryam , Jouyban-Gharamaleki Vahid , Jouyban Abolghasem
Published: April 2019

Background: In this research, an enhanced fluorimetric assay was developed for the direct monitoring of verapamil in exhaled breath condensate (EBC). The method is based on a binding–induced rigidity inside the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelle which eliminate collisional quenching and vibrational modes responsible for non-radiative decay. This process produces an enhancement in the emission intensity of verapamil. Methods: Fluorescence intensity measurements were made at 15 ˚C on a FP-750 spectroﬂuorometer with maximum excitation and emission wavelengths of 280 nm and 310 nm, respectively. The important parameters influencing the analytical signal in experimental steps were investigated and optimized. The method was validated with considering of the linearity, recovery and limit of detection. Results: Under the optimized experimental conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.02 − 12.0 µg.mL−1 of verapamil with a detection limit of 0.008 µg.mL–1. Conclusion: The proposed method was found to be suitable and accurate for the determination of verapamil and the validated method was successfully used for analysis of verapamil in EBC of patients receiving verapamil with the satisfactory results.
Exercise-Intensity Adherence During Aerobic Training and Cardiovascular Response During Resistance Training in Cancer Survivors
Authors: Quevedo-Jerez Koro , Gil-Rey Erreka , Maldonado-Martín Sara , Herrero-Román Fernando
Published: April 2019

Quevedo-Jerez, K, Gil-Rey, E, Maldonado-Martín, S, and Herrero-Román, F. Exercise-intensity adherence during aerobic training and cardiovascular response during resistance training in cancer survivors. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2338–2345, 2021—Combined aerobic-resistance training has shown the best benefits has proved beneficial for cancer survivors (CS). To understand the adherence to the aerobic training program (in terms of the intensity and duration of the sessions) and the cardiovascular response to the resistance training program, heart rate (HR) of 48 CS was monitored in each training session with an HR monitor for a 2-year period. During aerobic training, CS had to maintain the intensity in zone 2 (Z2) (between the ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point). The time spent below Z2 (Z1), in Z2, and above Z2 (Z3) was assessed in both aerobic and resistance training. The exercise-intensity distribution (aerobic vs. resistance training) was as follows: Z1 6.6 ± 12.8% vs. 34.3 ± 29.9% (p < 0.001); Z2 66.6 ± 29.3% vs. 54.5 ± 27.6% (p < 0.05); and Z3 26.9 ± 29.9% vs. 11.2 ± 20.6% (p < 0.001). The most deconditioned CS (<4.5 metabolic equivalents [METs]) presented the poorest adherence in Z2 and spent the most time in Z3. A significant positive moderate-high correlation was found for the percentage of time in Z3 between resistance and aerobic exercise (r = 0.75, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the individualization of exercise intensity resulted in good adherence to the prescribed intensity. Less fit CS needed more supervision in their training sessions. Resistance training allowed the CS to train in moderate-vigorous intensities of cardiovascular response. Resistance training should have more scope in exercise prescriptions, particularly in deconditioned CS and in the first steps of exercise programs.
Autoregulation by “Repetitions in Reserve” Leads to Greater Improvements in Strength Over a 12-Week Training Program Than Fixed Loading
Authors: Graham Timothy , Cleather Daniel J.
Published: April 2019

Graham, T and Cleather, DJ. Autoregulation by “repetitions in reserve” leads to greater improvements in strength over a 12-week training program than fixed loading. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2451–2456, 2021—Autoregulated (AR) training involves altering resistance session parameters based on the athlete's readiness to train. One potential benefit of AR training may be that training intensity can reflect an athlete's increasing strength level throughout a training program and can be contrasted with fixed loading (FL) where the load is stipulated at the start of the program. In this study, 31 resistance-trained men participated twice weekly in an AR or a FL squat program. For the FL group, the load was prescribed as a percentage of the pre-test 1-repetition maximum, whereas for the AR group, the load was prescribed based on the number of “repetitions in reserve,” such that the intensities were theoretically the same (volume was also matched). Both groups showed a significant increase in front squat (FS) and back squat (BS) performance, but the magnitude of this was significantly greater for the AR program (FS: AR +11.7%, FL +8.3%, p = 0.004,

= 0.255; BS: AR +10.8%, FL +7.1%, p = 0.006,

= 0.233). The AR group was trained at a greater intensity (average weekly intensity; FS: AR 83.2 ± 13.3%, FL 80.4 ± 10.0%, p < 0.001,

= 0.240; BS: AR 83.6 ± 12.7%, FL 80.4 ± 10.0%, p = 0.006,

= 0.159). The results of this study support the contention that AR can be used to accommodate the increasing strength level of the athlete during the course of a program and that such a strategy is effective in eliciting greater strength adaptations across 12 weeks.
Dietary Strategies of Modern Bodybuilders During Different Phases of the Competitive Cycle
Authors: Lenzi Jaqueline L. , Teixeira Emerson L. , de Jesus Guilherme , Schoenfeld Brad J. , de Salles Painelli Vitor
Published: April 2019

Lenzi, JL, Teixeira, EL, de Jesus, G, Schoenfeld, BJ, and de Salles Painelli, V. Dietary strategies of modern bodybuilders during different phases of the competitive cycle. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2546–2551, 2021—Bodybuilders have used a wide array of nutritional strategies over the years. However, most information on the topic is anecdotal, with limited research about the nutritional habits of modern bodybuilders, especially those from new categories. Accordingly, we sought to compare the dietary routines of bodybuilders from the Men's Physique category during “bulking” and “cutting” phases, while attempting to identify the rationale underpinning these practices. Sixteen experienced male bodybuilding competitors were interviewed during bulking (10–12 weeks before competition) and cutting (1 week before competition) phases, wherein we quantified energy and nutrient intake and determined their rationale and sources of education. Dietary analysis revealed a low carbohydrate intake during bulking, with a further decrease (at p < 0.05) during cutting. A similar decrease (at p < 0.05) from bulking to cutting was shown in the intake of most macronutrients and micronutrients, although intake of protein and almost all the micronutrients was well above the recommendation throughout the competitive cycle. Most of the consumed supplements can be deemed unnecessary or without scientific support. Most athletes reported self-managing their diet and supplement program, without the assistance of nutrition professionals. As such, some of their professed nutritional habits obtained during interviewers were not consistent with the food diary information. Although some dietary strategies used by bodybuilders in the Men's Physique category are consistent with evidence-based practice, most can be considered extreme and lack scientific support. The source of education may help to explain their decision-making.
OTX2 Signals from the Choroid Plexus to Regulate Adult Neurogenesis
Authors: Planques Anabelle , Oliveira Moreira Vanessa , Dubreuil Chantal , Prochiantz Alain , Di Nardo Ariel A.
Published: April 2019

Proliferation and migration during adult neurogenesis are regulated by a microenvironment of signaling molecules originating from local vasculature, from CSF produced by the choroid plexus, and from local supporting cells including astrocytes. Here, we focus on the function of OTX2 homeoprotein transcription factor in the mouse adult ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ), which generates olfactory bulb neurons. We find that OTX2 secreted by choroid plexus is transferred to the supporting cells of the V-SVZ and rostral migratory stream. Deletion ofOtx2in choroid plexus affects neuroblast migration and reduces the number of olfactory bulb newborn neurons. Adult neurogenesis was also decreased by expressing secreted single-chain antibodies to sequester OTX2 in the CSF, demonstrating the importance of non-cell-autonomous OTX2. We show that OTX2 activity modifies extracellular matrix components and signaling molecules produced by supporting astrocytes. Thus, we reveal a multilevel and non-cell-autonomous role of a homeoprotein and reinforce the choroid plexus and astrocytes as key niche compartments affecting adult neurogenesis.
Changes in Fetal Circulation After Maternal Corticosteroid Administration: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mousavi Sanaz , Taghavi Simin , Abbasalizadeh Fatemeh , Vazifekhah Shabnam , Naghavi-Behzad Mohammad
Published: April 2019

Objectives: The present study aimed at reviewing the existing literature on the effects of maternal corticosteroid administration on pulsatility index (PI) values in the umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery (MCA). Materials and Methods: The search for relevant materials on "evaluating the effect of corticosteroids on fetal circulation" included the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, Proquest, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and Iranian Databases of Magiran, Iran Medex, Barakat knowledge network system, Scientific Information Database, Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology, from 1990 to June 2017. Results: In our search for the relevant literature, 19 articles were found. In total, these studies included 654 pregnant women, who were evaluated for fetal circulation before and after corticosteroid (betamethasone or dexamethasone) injection, for PI values in the umbilical artery and MCA. The effects of steroid injection were evaluated between 23 and 34 weeks of gestation. Conclusions: Overall, the results of the reviewed studies indicated that antenatal exposure to corticosteroids reduces umbilical artery PI and MCA PI and improves fetal circulation during pregnancy.
Perception and Socio-cultural Barriers to the Acceptance of Caesarean Delivery in A Tertiary Hospital in Abakaliki, South East Nigeria
Authors: Osaheni Lawani?? Lucky , Nwabueze Igboke?? Francis , Ikechi Ukaegbe?? Chukwuemeka , Bonaventure Anozie?? Okechukwu , Agwu Onu?? Fidelis , Anthony Agbata?? Tagbo , Asiegbu Obiora
Published: April 2019

Objectives: Globally, caesarean section (CS) has immensely contributed to improved obstetric outcome in circumstances where vaginal delivery is not feasible. However, in some low-income countries, there is aversion to the procedure. The aim of this study was to determine the level of awareness and socio-cultural barriers to the acceptance of CS. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 344 parturients at Federal Teaching Hospital in Abakaliki, from October 1 to November 30, 2016. Data were collated using a self-administered questionnaire and was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and conclusions were drawn by means of descriptive statistics. Results: All the respondents were aware of CS as an operative abdominal procedure for delivery; of these, over one-tenth (14.0%; 48/344) had experienced the procedure previously. Over four-fifths (82.3%; 283/344) of those who have had a previous CS were wellinformed about the indications. About one-fifth (20.3%; 70/344) did not accept CS for any reasons. The major barriers to acceptance were being considered by peers as a reproductive failure (29.2%; 7/24), high cost (20.8%; 5/24) and religious beliefs (12.5%; 3/24). Conclusions: Majority of antenatal attendees had a significant awareness of CS and the indications. Moreover, a vast majority had morbid aversion towards it; due to numerous, non-evidence based socio-cultural reasons. Therefore, adequate health education, female empowerment, access to free or affordable antenatal care service, elimination of harmful, religious/cultural beliefs and myth regarding caesarean delivery are necessary to curb this ugly trend if we hope to achieve the sustainable development goals related to maternal health.
Bone Health Status among Postmenopausal Women in Malaysia
Authors: Nurumal Mohd Said , Lokman Md. Isa?? Muhammad , Hatta?? Nik Noor Kaussar Nik Mohd , Daud Azlina , Ibrahim Muhammad , Sharifudin?? Mohd Ariff , Deraman Samsul
Published: April 2019

Objectives: The study has evaluated bone health status among post-menopausal women in a public hospital of Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A total of 116 post-menopausal women, who met the criteria, participated in this study. The purposive sampling method was used to achieve the criteria of participants. Results: This cross-sectional study revealed that more than half of the respondents (52.6%, n=61) had osteopenia; whereas, 47.4% (n=55) of the respondents had osteoporosis. There was a significant correlation between the age and menopausal years with the bone health status (i.e. P=0.004 and P=0.028, respectively) in postmenopausal women. Conclusions: Menopausal women experienced deterioration of bone mineral density (BMD) with advancing age and menopausal years.
Validity and Reliability of Sexual Behavior of Infertile Women Questionnaire: Investigating the Development and Psychometric Properties
Authors: Bokaie Mahshid , Simbar Masoumeh , Yassini Ardekani Seyed Mojtaba
Published: April 2019

Objectives: Sexual behavior is considered an important aspect of marital life and is influenced by attitudes, experiences, actions, feelings, and thoughts. The present study aimed to develop a valid and reliable questionnaire to evaluate several aspects of sexual behavior of infertile women (SBIW). Materials and Methods: The current mixed sequential exploratory study was performed in two phases. In the qualitative phase, a preliminary questionnaire was developed based on in-depth interviews with 15 childless women and 8 specialists who were selected by purposeful sampling technique. In addition, qualitative and quantitative SBIW questionnaire was measured by internal consistency and test-retest. Results: In the qualitative phase, a primary questionnaire including 113 items was constructed. Finally, the items of the questionnaire were reduced from 113 to 77 items. The SBIW questionnaire was classified into 5 categories investigating the effects of infertility diagnosis, infertility treatment, common beliefs, sexual response cycle and related factors, and the women’s husbands, relatives, family, community, and education on sexual behavior of these infertile women Further, each investigator could use each part he wished to. S-CVI (sum of content validity index) and S-CVR (sum of content validity ratio) were obtained as 0.86 and 0.68, respectively. Eventually, the Cronbach α = 0.862 and the ICC (intraclass correlation) was obtained 0.928 for the SBIW. Conclusions: In general, it was identified that the SBIW is a valid and reliable instrument which can be used to assess several dimensions of SBIW and is probably considered a useful instrument during infertility consulting and investigations.
The Effect of Ginger on Preventing Post-spinal Puncture Headache in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section
Authors: Mashak Banafsheh , Hashemnejad Maryam , Kabir Kourosh , Refaei Mansoureh , Esmaelzadeh Saeieh Sara , Torkashvand Shoukofeh , Salehi Leili , Yazdkhasti Mansoureh
Published: April 2019

Objectives: Post-spinal puncture headache (PSPH) has constantly been one of the research priorities, especially in women undergoing cesarean section (C-section) and it is related to physical and psychological problems. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of ginger on preventing PSPH in patients undergoing C-section. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 160 women undergoing C-section with spinal anesthesia, who were eligible to enter the study in the experimental and control groups. One ginger capsule (250 mg) was prescribed every 8 hours (TDS) to the experimental group 24 hours before the C-section. The prescription of ginger was continued half an hour after transfer to the post-partum ward until the PSPH onset. PSPH intensity was measured by using visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores at 6 timepoints (Time 1=30, Time 2=60, and Time 3=90 minutes vs. Time 4=3, Time 5 =6, and Time 6=12 hours) after C-section. No interventions were performed in the control group. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software by descriptive statistics and analytical tests were applied to determine the changes in PSPH intensity. Results: The comparison results of the mean score of PSPH intensity in the experimental and control groups indicated significant differences over time (P<0.05), except for the sixth time point (12 hours after C-section). In addition, the trend of changes at 6 timepoints based on the results of the repeated-measures test demonstrated that PSPH intensity significantly differed in the two groups over time (P<0.001). Conclusions: Based on the result, the oral prescription of ginger to women undergoing C-section under spinal anesthesia led to effective PSPH prevention at 5 time-points (30, 60, and 90 minutes, along with 3 and 6 hours). Further, the trend of the changes represented that the intensity of PSPH decreased in the experimental group over time. Therefore, ginger is suggested as a noninvasive and efficient method used for preventing PSPH.
The Prevalence and Determinants of Using Withdrawal to Avoid Pregnancy in Tabriz, Iran
Authors: Razeghi Nasrabad Hajiieh Bibi , Alimondegari Malihe , Mohseni Nejhad Zeinab
Published: April 2019

Objectives: Despite the increasing knowledge about family planning and modern contraceptive methods, as well as high failure rates of the traditional method, a significant percentage of couples use withdrawal for contraception. Accordingly, the present study mainly aimed to investigate the determinants of using withdrawal to avoid pregnancy in Tabriz. Materials and Methods: The sample of the study included 383 married women aged 15-49 years. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to determine factors associated with using withdrawal as a contraceptive method. Results: Based on the results, about 19.5% of the women were relying on withdrawal. In addition, 55% reported that they were currently using a modern method to avoid pregnancy while the remaining 25.5% used no method in order to prevent contraception. The results of multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that university-educated couples with no child who were within the age range of 15-24 and born in urban areas were more likely to use withdrawal rather than modern contraceptive methods (P<0.05). Conclusions: In general, the rate of employing the traditional method in Iran and, especially in Tabriz is increasing. Regarding higher proportion of withdrawal use among higher educated women due to the fear of side effects resulted from other methods, family planning providers and reproductive health services should be sensitive to the women’s concern and provide programs to decrease the unmet need of family planning.
Prevalencia del bullying en México: un meta-análisis del bullying tradicional y cyberbullying
Authors: Vega-Cauich Julio Isaac
Published: April 2019

Objective: Summarize the bullying studies in Mexico to estimate the prevalence for both victims and aggressors, both face-to-face and cyberbullying. Method: A meta-analysis of the prevalence was carried out with 27 investigations carried out in Mexico with a random effects model, and its moderators were explored through a meta-regression. Result: The prevalence ranges were from 19 % to 21 % for cyber-victimization, face-to-face victimization and face-to-face aggression, and 11 % for cyberaggression. The variables that moderated the prevalence estimation were the presence of a definition in the instrument and the number of items. Neither study uses tools that evaluate the power imbalance component of bullying, so it is likely that studies evaluated the concept of peer victimization. Conclusion: One in five Mexican students receives or performs bullying or cyberbyllying. Methodological recommendations are proposed for future research.
Do Doctors Need Communication in their Job Places? (A Case in Indonesia)
Authors: Poedjiastutie Dwi , Puspitasari Ratih
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThe current study revealed the communication needs of medical students at Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM). Three approaches of Need Analysis (NA) were combined in this study; Target Situation Analysis (TSA), Presentation Situation Analysis (PSA), and Pedagogical Need Analysis (PNA). The questionnaires were circulated to medical students. The findings discovered that communication skill was considered important in EMP course. The medical students realized the importance of doctors’ communication in order to enhance better performance in their professional settings. ESP teachers are supposed to give a model of communication; Students also expected that the materials should be authentic. The materials design should have clear and coherent objectives to help the students achieving the communication goals. Moreover, students want ESP teaching put them as close as possible to the workplace situation.  ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan materi pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris  komunikasi pada mahasiswa kedokteran di Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.  Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah gabungan antara Target Situation Analysis (TSA), Presentation Situation Analysis (PSA), dan Pedagogical Need Analysis (PNA). Dari data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa mahasiwa kedokteran merasa mata kuliah EMP (English for Medical Purposes) itu penting untuk menunjang karir dan profesi mereka. Maka dari itu para pengajar mata kuliah ESP (English for Specific Purposes) diharapkan bisa memberikan model-model materi pengajaran Bahasa Inggris untuk komunikasi yang otentik; yaitu materi yang tepat untuk mengasah ketrampilan mereka dalam komunikasi. Bahkan, para mahasiswa kedokteran menginginkan adanya model-model pengajaran ESP yang bisa membawa mereka ke situasi  semirip mungkin dengan dunia kerja mereka di kemudian hari.     How to Cite: Poedjiastutie, D., Puspitasari, R. (2018). Do Doctors Need Communication in Their Job Places? (A Case in Indonesia). IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 5(2), 127-142. doi:10.15408/ijee.v5i2.10134
A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of the Interpersonal Meaning of a Television Advertisement in Indonesia
Authors: Hidayat Didin Nuruddin , A Abrizal , A Alek
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThis article attempts to investigate and explore the interpersonal meaning of YOU C1000 on Indonesian television advertisements. This study was conducted qualitatively using case study to check how different semiotic and modes such as music, sound, speech, color, action, and image work together to build the interpersonal meaning. This study discusses the interpersonal meaning in speech and music, interpersonal meaning in movement and interpersonal meaning in image and color. The study aimed to give some contributions to social semiotics studies, television, or video advertisement. YOU C1000 advertisement is successful to attract audiences’ attention. The election of Miss Universe advertisement star, Bali as the shooting location, English as the language function and wedding ceremony as the activity are the significant factors to introduce the product to the market. In addition, its tagline is a successor factor as well. If people hear Healthy Inside and Fresh Outside, they will remember YOU C1000.                                       ABSTRAKArtikel ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi and menyelidiki makna interpersonal dari produk ‘YOU C1000’ pada iklan televisi Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus untuk mengetahui bagaimana semiotik dan moda yang berbeda seperti musik, suara, ucapan, warna, tindakan, dan gambar, dapat berjalan bersama-sama dalam membentuk makna interpersonal. Penelitian ini mengulas makna interpersonal dalam ucapan dan musik, makna interpersonal dalam gerakan, dan makna interpersonal dalam gambar dan warna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kontribusi pada studi semiotika sosial, televisi, atau iklan video. Iklan YOU C1000 berhasil menarik perhatian penonton. Pemilihan bintang iklan Miss Universe, Bali sebagai lokasi syuting, bahasa Inggris sebagai fungsi bahasa dan upacara pernikahan sebagai aktivitasnya adalah faktor-faktor yang signifikan untuk memperkenalkan produk tersebut ke pasar. Selain itu, ‘tagline’-nya juga merupakan faktor penting lainnya. Jika orang-orang mendengar ‘Healthy Inside and Fresh Outside’, mereka akan mengingat YOU C1000.     How to Cite: Hidayat, D. N.., Abrizal., Alek. (2018). A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of the Interpersonal Meaning of a Television Advertisement in Indonesia. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 5(2), 119-126. doi:10.15408/ijee.v5i2.11188
Examining the Role of Video-Recorded Speaking Task in Enhancing Students’ Oral Productive Skill
Authors: Azkiya Siti Nurul , Rahayu Rahmi
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThe teaching of speaking in Indonesian schools faces some problems such as limited amount of practice and feedback and students’ anxiety. Addressing this issue, therefore, this study was aimed at examining the role of video-recorded speaking task in improving students’ oral productive skill measured through a speaking test and understand students’ response on the use of the task through a questionnaire. It was a quasi-experimental study, the sample of which was 87 tenth grade students of one senior high selected through a purposive sampling technique and randomly assigned into experimental and controlled classes. The test served as a pretest administered at the beginning and as a posttest distributed at the end of the treatment, which data were analyzed using t-test. The effectiveness of the treatment was analyzed from the posttest and gained scores, which findings revealed higher achievements of the experimental group. In addition, students were happy to do this task. These findings mean that video-recorded speaking task play roles in enhancing students’ oral productive skill and support previous studies on the effectiveness of video-recorded speaking tasks.  ABSTRAKPengajaran berbicara di banyak sekolah di Indonesia menghadapi berbagai masalah, diantaranya terbatasnya waktu untuk praktik keterampilan berbicara dan feedback oleh guru serta keengganan siswa untuk berlatih. Untuk menjawab tantangan, studi ini ditujukan untuk menguji peran tugas berbicara yang divideokan dan pendapat siswa terhadap diberlakukannya tugas ini. Studi ini menggunakan desain kuasi-experiment dengan purposive sampling yang kemudian secara acak dibagi menjadi kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Tes dilakukan 2 kali sebagai pretest dan posttest, di mana data posttest dan gain score dianalisis menggunaan uji t-test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai keterampilan berbicara kelas eksperimen secara signifikan lebih tinggi. Selain itu, siswa juga senang mengerjakan tugas ini. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tugas berbicara dengan divideokan bisa meningkatkan kemampuan produktif secara oral dan mendukung temuan terdahulu terkait efektifitas tugas berbicara yang divideokan.     How to Cite: Azkiyah, S. N., Rahayu, R. (2018). Examining the Role of Video-Recorded Speaking Task in Enhancing Students’ Oral Productive Skill. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 5(2), 204-218. doi:10.15408/ijee.v5i2.11193.
DEVELOPING SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE SCALE INSTRUMENTS FOR VOCATIONAL SCHOOL (SMK) STUDENTS
Authors: Tjalla Awaluddin
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study aims to develop scale instruments that can be used to identify potentials in relation to the readiness of students to enter the workforce with very high commissioning characteristics. The study was conducted at SMK Negeri 57 South Jakarta, using a simple random technique for 135 students. Data were analyzed using a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method. The findings of the study show that: (1) Steps to develop a valid and reliable social intelligence scale instrument are; synthesis, construct, type of instrument, instrument lattice, instrument items, theoretical validation, trial, calculate validity and reliability, instrument assembly. (2) The dimensions and indicators underlying the concept of social intelligence scale are; component of social awareness (dimensions of basic empathy, dimensions of alignment, empathic accuracy, social understanding), components of social facilities (dimensions of synchronization, self-appearance, influence, concern). (3) Calculation of instrument validity using total gain correlation formula, Pearson product moment with a significance level of 0.05; r table = 0.176. (4) Instrument reliability is α = 0.858.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen skala yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi dalam relasinya dengan kesiapan siswa untuk memasuki dunia kerja dengan karakteristik commissioning yang sangat tinggi. Penelitian dilakukan di SMK Negeri 57 Jakarta Selatan, menggunakan teknik acak sederhana untuk 135 siswa. Data dianalisis menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) dengan metode SEM (Structural Equation Modeling). Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Langkah-langkah untuk mengembangkan instrumen skala kecerdasan sosial yang valid dan dapat diandalkan adalah; sintesis, konstruk, jenis instrumen, instrumen kisi, item instrumen, validasi teoretis, percobaan, menghitung validitas dan reliabilitas, perakitan instrumen. (2) Dimensi dan indikator yang mendasari konsep skala kecerdasan sosial adalah; komponen kesadaran sosial (dimensi empati dasar, dimensi keselarasan, akurasi empatik, pemahaman sosial), komponen fasilitas sosial (dimensi sinkronisasi, penampilan diri, pengaruh, kepedulian). (3) Perhitungan validitas instrumen menggunakan rumus korelasi total gain, Pearson product moment dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,05; r tabel = 0,176. (4) Keandalan instrumen adalah α = 0,858.How to Cite : Tjalla, A. (2018).  Developing Social Intelligence Scale Instruments for Vocational School (SMK) Students. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 5(2), 145-154. doi:10.15408/tjems.v5i2.10622.
Sleep-Related Infant Suffocation Deaths Attributable to Soft Bedding, Overlay, and Wedging
Authors: Erck Lambert Alexa B. , Parks Sharyn E. , Cottengim Carri , Faulkner Meghan , Hauck Fern R. , Shapiro-Mendoza Carrie K.
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

Unintentional suffocation is the leading cause of injury death among infants <1 year old in the United States, with 82% being attributable to accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed. Understanding the circumstances surrounding these deaths may inform prevention strategies.

METHODS:

We analyzed data from the population-based Sudden Unexpected Infant Death Case Registry from 2011 to 2014. Cases categorized as explained suffocation with unsafe sleep factors (suffocation), per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Sudden Unexpected Infant Death Case Registry classification system, were included and assigned a mechanism of obstruction, including soft bedding, overlay, or wedging. We calculated frequencies and percentages of suffocation deaths by mechanism and selected demographic and sleep-environment characteristics.

RESULTS:

Fourteen percent of sudden unexpected infant death cases were classified as suffocation; these cases were most frequently attributed to soft bedding (69%), followed by overlay (19%) and wedging (12%). Median age at death in months varied by mechanism: 3 for soft bedding, 2 for overlay, and 6 for wedging. Soft-bedding deaths occurred most often in an adult bed (49%), in a prone position (82%), and with a blanket (or blankets) obstructing the airway (34%). Overlay deaths occurred most often in an adult bed (71%), and infants were overlaid by the mother (47%). Wedging deaths occurred most often when the infant became entrapped between a mattress and a wall (48%).

CONCLUSIONS:

Safe sleep environments can reduce infant suffocation deaths. Increased knowledge about the characteristics of suffocation deaths can help inform prevention strategies by targeting highest-risk groups.
Health Supervision for Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Miller David T. , Freedenberg Debra , Schorry Elizabeth , Ullrich Nicole J. , Viskochil David , Korf Bruce R. ,   COUNCIL ON GENETICS,   AMERICAN COLLEGE OF MEDICAL GENETICS AND GENOMICS, Chen Emily , Trotter Tracy L. , Berry Susan A. , Burke Leah W. , Geleske Timothy A. , Hamid Rizwan , Hopkin Robert J. , Introne Wendy J. , Lyons Michael J. , Scheuerle Angela E. , Stoler Joan M.
Published: April 2019

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a multisystem disorder that primarily involves the skin and peripheral nervous system. Its population prevalence is approximately 1 in 3000. The condition is usually recognized in early childhood, when pigmentary manifestations emerge. Although NF1 is associated with marked clinical variability, most children affected follow patterns of growth and development within the normal range. Some features of NF1 can be present at birth, but most manifestations emerge with age, necessitating periodic monitoring to address ongoing health and developmental needs and minimize the risk of serious medical complications. In this report, we provide a review of the clinical criteria needed to establish a diagnosis, the inheritance pattern of NF1, its major clinical and developmental manifestations, and guidelines for monitoring and providing intervention to maximize the health and quality of life of a child affected.