bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mass consciousness of Russian youth: image of the future
Authors: Tokarev A.A.
Published: November 2024

This is the second text within the all-Russian research on the image of the future in the mass consciousness using the methods of empirical sociology. In 2021-2024, researchers conducted 67 focus groups in 25 regions from Moscow to Kamchatka. In addition to diverse geography, the authors consider all types of localities as a research space: from supercities to small towns and villages. Two key methods are used: focus groups and psychography. Images of Russia in the present and in the future are described not only using words, but also presented in pictures by respondents. This text focuses on the study of mass consciousness of young people (age 18-30) and more local trends in geographical, generational, political and economic senses. The text highlights eight key trends in the mass consciousness of young people: socialization within Western culture, the highest level of paternalism (including the desired restoration of certain Soviet practices), weakening frustration due to cancel culture regarding Russia and its citizens from the West, demonstrative public depoliticization, permanent desire for a peaceful future with Russia's leading role in the international arena, etc. Despite the uneven attitude towards state institutions, the Fatherland is perceived by the mass consciousness of young people as a place to apply their own efforts to build a career and solve problems. The results of the study demonstrate the highest margin of safety of the Russian state, which has no alternatives regarding the construction of the image of the future.
Defence and political integration in the EU: France's particular role
Authors: Chikhachev A.Yu.
Published: November 2024

In 2023 INION RAS published a monograph entitled “The Military-Political Dimension of European Integration: The Position of France” by Alexander S. Sidorov, the reputable specialist on France and military expert. The release of such a study seems to be very timely because of a broad expert discussion regarding the European Union's quest for strategic autonomy and its feasibility amid the confrontation between Russia and the West. The author of the book proposes to re-explore the history of political integration in the EU and highlights the special role of France as the initiator of many projects. He emphasizes that the French elites sought to focus the integration process in favor of their own national interests, seeing the emergence of a European power as a way to reinforce France's global positions. Based on the book this article states that, despite some continuity in the European policy of the French presidents, their strategy has been implemented differently over time. The key problem was the limited room for maneuver: realizing the limitations of national instruments of great-power politics, Charles de Gaulle's successors made more and more concessions to their European partners to deepen the integration process. Nowadays, the “Europe of defense” has a wide range of directions and formats, the expansion of which has been achieved by the current president Emmanuel Macron. Yet, there is still no unconditional unity of approaches to this process, and French diplomacy has not fully achieved its goals. As Alexander S. Sidorov rightly summarizes, a united Europe has not become a self-sufficient military and political power, and is unlikely to become one in the nearest future. This raises questions for further discussion on the effectiveness of France's leadership and the extent of its real influence in a changing world.
Lichwa pieniężna w międzywojennej Polsce (1924-1939)
Authors: Pokoj Jakub
Published: November 2024

Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest ustawodawstwo przeciwko lichwie pieniężnej w Polsce w okresie międzywojennym. Dotychczas brak jest szerszej analizy tego tematu w literaturze prawniczej. Regulacje w dziedzinie lichwy pieniężnej były oparte na Rozporządzeniu Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z 1924 r. Dla osiągnięcia bardziej kompleksowego obrazu zagadnienia autor prezentuje orzeczenia sądów oraz stanowiska przedstawicieli doktryny, jak również tabele określające maksymalne oprocentowanie w poszczególnych okresach. Rezultaty analizy dogmatycznej zostały zaprezentowane wraz z wynikami badań archiwalnych. Analiza naukowa przedmiotowego zagadnienia ma na celu zaprezentowanie stanu wiedzy w przedmiocie systemu prawnego międzywojennej Polski oraz daje podstawę do dalszych badań prawnoporównawczych.
Designing Group Work in Online Courses to Develop Preservice Teachers’ Professional Collaboration Skills
Authors: Hartwell Amber , Thomas Christy , Brown Barbara , Nogueria Bruna
Published: November 2024

With post-secondary institutions increasing offerings of online courses, there is much to learn about how online group work is designed. This is of particular importance for professional certification courses where group work is used to develop skills needed to prepare students for their chosen field, such as K-12 education. As part of case study research, the authors synthesize findings collected from both instructors and students at Western Canadian post-secondary institutions offering online courses in their Bachelor of Education degree pathways. Seeking to understand how group work can be designed to build essential professional skills required in the teaching profession through online course delivery, data was collected through one online survey, semi-structured interviews, and course documents. Findings suggest four design considerations for online group work: (1) clearly articulate the purpose of group work, (2) provide learner support through teaching presence, (3) be intentional in how groups are established, and (4) leverage digital tools for collaboration. The results will serve to benefit faculty, students and educational policy makers in understanding how group learning in online courses can be designed to develop critical professional skills. This will particularly benefit post-secondary institutions providing online courses in professional fields.
Impact of Emergency Remote Teaching and Digital Technology Usage in K-12 Teacher Practice
Authors: Hartwell Amber
Published: November 2024

Digital technologies are potentially being used more in K-12 classrooms than prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. In efforts to slow the spread of the virus, many schools abruptly transitioned to emergency remote teaching (ERT). Not all teachers and students were familiar with using such tools, but were required to adapt. COVID-19 has resulted in a large amount of research in education; however, studies focused on ERT and its impact on teacher practice is limited. This inquiry explores how ERT has impacted digital technology usage in current K-12 teacher practice. Data has been collected from K-12 teachers enrolled in graduate programs at one large university through an online questionnaire, semi structured interviews, a review of documents provided by interview participants, and analytic memos. Analysis and interpretation of findings is in progress, and will be organized by way of examining the key research questions through Cultural Historical Activity Theory. This research will also reveal digital technologies introduced during ERT, and factors influencing a teacher’s decision to integrate new technologies into current practice. The author will conclude by offering recommendations that may be useful in the work of technological change in K-12 education.
Planning, Living, and Adding to our Plates: K-3 educators' Experiences of Curricula in Virtual Learning Environments (VLE)
Authors: Bishop Melissa
Published: November 2024

Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) have interested scholars since the late 20th century, with much of the research focusing on secondary and post-secondary instructors and learners (Brown, 2010; Dabbagh, 2007; Fuchs, 2020; Proserpio & Gioia, 2007). With the onset of VLEs in elementary education due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the continuation of synchronous virtual learning thereafter, VLEs have become commonplace in K-3 contexts across Ontario. Yet, as we contend with the ubiquitous nature of technology in early elementary, a paucity of literature exists regarding teachers’ and early childhood educators' (ECE) experiences of planned and lived curricula (Aperribai et al., 2020; Ferdig et al., 2020; Muldong et al., 2021) in VLEs. Adopting a narrative methodological approach, I reflected on themes unearthed through narrative interviews with five educators (Clandinin, 2006; Clandinin & Connelly, 1988, 1996, 2000). Early narrative analysis suggested four narrative threads: time, parent relationships, classroom community, teacher presence and engagement, and technological barriers. Each thread explored how teachers navigated the entanglements of planned and lived curricular experiences in VLEs. Further, the threads exposed critical elements to be considered in future VLE policy and curricular reform in the K-3 context.
Exploring Playful Hybrid Teaching Practices in Higher Education
Authors: Abegglen Sandra
Published: November 2024

The Playful Hybrid Higher Education project [https://playhybrid.education/], based in the School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape at the University of Calgary (Canada) and funded by the Imagination Lab Foundation, explores how play and creativity can be integrated into hybrid classrooms, particularly in response to the shift to blended learning during COVID-19. Through interviews and surveys with Canadian higher education stakeholders, the project aims to provide urgently needed best practice guidance to enhance staff competency and improve student outcomes. This paper presents the preliminary outcomes of the project, with a specific focus on (re)imagining a creative blended university that fosters student success. By sharing initial findings, the paper offers inspiration on how playful and creative approaches can enrich the hybrid learning experience, ultimately contributing to a more engaging and effective higher education environment.
Twelve Tips for Establishing an Effective Quality Assurance System for Medical Schools
Authors: Kohan Noushin , Ahmady Soleiman , Zarezadeh Yadolah , Teymourlouy Seyed Ahmad Ahmadi
Published: November 2024

Quality standards must be established and continually improved through innovations and regular monitoring in medical educational institutions. In addition, medical education must be supported by a quality culture, as well as quality assurance systems. Assuring quality in medical education institutions is a serious concern for policymakers. A major problem is that the quality assurance system is not fully implemented locally, and the institutes lack a robust and comprehensive quality assurance system that can function effectively. These 12 tips provide guidance to medical schools involved in the installation of quality assurance systems. Using these tips will allow medical schools to ensure their quality assurance system reflects their overall mission and goals.
Redefining the Superficial Peroneal Nerve: Stimulation Technique, Normal Values, Clinical Significance
Authors: Sreij Ali , Ezzeddine Ali , Doumiati Hasan , Sawaya Raja
Published: November 2024

Polyneuropathy diagnosis often depends on sural sensory response values. The superficial peroneal nerve may serve as an alternative. This study aims to establish techniques for studying the superficial peroneal nerve and its branches while documenting normative values. It also seeks to compare nerve conduction values with those of the sural sensory nerve. This study attempts to validate the reliability of the superficial peroneal sensory nerve for sensory neuropathy diagnosis by comparing it with the sural nerve in diabetics. The first part studies 23 healthy subjects aged 20 to 50. Nerve conduction studies were conducted on sural and superficial peroneal nerves and parameters were collected. The second part examines the trunk of the superficial peroneal sensory response and sural nerves in 13 diabetic patients with clinically diagnosed diabetic polyneuropathy, comparing values with age-matched healthy controls. In the first part which included 23 healthy subjects, mean values for distal latency, amplitude, and conduction velocity were documented for the trunk of the superficial peroneal nerve, IDCN, MDCN, and sural nerve. In the second part, diabetic patients of which 6 were males and 7 were females between the ages 50 and 80 years demonstrated lower amplitudes in both the trunk of the superficial peroneal nerve and sural nerve compared to healthy controls. This study substantiates the reliability of the trunk of the superficial peroneal sensory nerve in sensory nerve conduction testing. The results suggest that this method could be used as an alternative to sural nerve studies in evaluating patients with peripheral neuropathy.
Morbidity and Mortality of Premature Birth at Ramadi Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children/West of Iraq
Authors: Ali Sabah M , Shitran Rana F
Published: November 2024

The consequences of prematurity is a very fundamental subject. With improvement of neonatal care facilities, it still comprises a burden on health care centers, with a lot of costs and increasing mortality. To determine the morbidity and mortality of premature birth at Ramadi teaching hospital for maternity and children. A prospective cohort study was done at Ramadi teaching hospital for maternity and children/Anbar/Iraq. Data was collected from 1st July 2022 till 1st January 2023, all live births at Ramadi Teaching Hospital during that period were included. All admitted premature newborns were followed up in neonatal care unit for variable periods depending on clinical situation and those who develop complications were recorded (Respiratory distress syndrome, Intracranial hemorrhage, asphyxia, sepsis, hypoglycemia, pneumothorax) furthermore any newborn died during hospitalization period also recruited. The total number of neonates was 204. All of them were preterm babies. About 121 (59.3%) need resuscitation while 83 (40.7%) not need resuscitation. Regarding complications respiratory distress syndrome 156(76.5%), intracranial hemorrhage 9(4.4%), asphyxia 17(8.3%), sepsis 35(17.2%), hypoglycemia 22 (10.8%), pneumothorax 31(15.2%). 148 premature babies discharged well (72.5%) while 56 premature newborns died (27.5%). Result of analysis of logistic regression to determine the relationship between different risk factors and mortality shows significant association with birth weight <1500-gram Odd’s ratio (30.041), and triplet pregnancy Odd’s ratio (3.62). Respiratory distress syndrome is the most prevalent complication of preterm babies followed by sepsis. Extremely low birth weight and triplet pregnancy have significant association with preterm mortality
Men’s Health in Disasters: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Sohrabizadeh Sanaz , Eslami Akbar
Published: November 2024

Background: Disasters affect men and women unequally. While both male and female populations have their own needs, capacities and vulnerabilities, little is known about the men’s health status in disasters. Thus, the present review is aimed to identify and explain the impacts of disasters on men’s health status in the world.
Methods: The current scoping review was conducted using PRISMA protocol 2020. Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus databases were searched using related keywords. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select the relevant references. EndNote software, version 17, was applied to manage the citations. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: A number of 13 references was selected for final analysis after screening process. Physical and sexual health were the most frequent aspects of men’s health which was studied by the gender and disaster researchers (23.1%). Men’s health aspects in disasters were categorized as physical health, mental health, social health and sexual health.
Conclusion: Men are visible as the capable group in disasters and their health needs (physical, mental, social, sexual and spiritual health) may likely not be considered post-disasters. Developing gender analysis tools for assessing the vulnerabilities, needs and health status of male population in disasters as well as establishing a sex-disaggregated database for effective decision-making regarding men’s health during disasters are highly suggested.
Assessing the Psychometric Properties of a Reflective Practice Questionnaire Among Medical Sciences Students at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Jahangiry Leila , Kohan Noushin , Gilani Neda , Khabiri Roghayeh , Ahmady Soleiman
Published: November 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
Beyond Aesthetic Enhancement: Unveiling the Impact of Nasal Plastic Surgery on Patient’s Quality of Life
Authors: Naghavi Batool , Heidari Reihaneh , Amali Amin , Emami Hamed , Zebardast Jeyran , Saedi Babak
Published: November 2024

Background: In recent years, the desire to perform septorhinoplasty has increased in different societies, which can be due to the effect of this surgery on improving people’s sense of satisfaction with their appearance, and as a result, increasing self-confidence and increasing the quality of life in these people. On the other hand, in some people, despite the successful surgery from the surgeon’s point of view, the patient may not be satisfied enough with the new appearance of his/her nose. According to the conducted studies, several factors play a role in the patient’s satisfaction after surgery. In this study, it was tried to determine the presence sense of nasal obstruction before septorhinoplasty surgery and its effect on the patients’ satisfaction after surgery through three useful questionnaires in this field [1. black colour Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) questionnaire that evaluates both satisfaction of cosmetic outcome and functional outcome, 2. Nasal Obstruction and Septoplasty Effectiveness Scale (NOSE) and 3.Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)].
Methods: Seventy-two patients were evaluated before and 12 months after septorhinoplasty with validated ROE, NOSE and VAS questionnaires.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 28.59±5.74 years, of whom 69.2% were female and 20.8% were male. The ROE score improved significantly from 10.4±3.0 to 19.8±3.7 (p-value <0.001). The overall NOSE score was significantly lower (p-value: 0.002), and history of nasal obstruction was an independent factor for a significantly better NOSE score after surgery.
Conclusion: Septorhinoplasty can improve patient satisfaction with cosmetic and functional outcomes, especially in those who have more complaints about nasal obstruction before surgery.
The Flare-up of Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases Following COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Sahebari Maryam , Otani Fahimeh , Rezaieyazdi Zahra , Salari Masoumeh , Mirfeizi Zahra , Khodashahi Rozita , Alipour Moeid Reza , Joghatayi Muhammed , Mehrad Majd Hassan , Khodashahi Mandana
Published: November 2024

Background: Individuals with Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease (AIRD) are vulnerability to severe SARS-CoV-2 outcomes and vaccination. The present study aimed to determine the incidence of AIRDs flares following COVID-19 vaccination and its risk factors.
Methods: The study was retrospective cross-sectional focused on patients with AIRD who experienced a flare-up at least during 30 days after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. These patients were seen at Rheumatology Clinics at Imam Reza and Ghaem Hospitals, affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, as well as private clinics in Mashhad, Iran, over a period of 1 years.
Results: The rate of recurrence following COVID-19 vaccination was estimated to be 3.16%. Rheumatoid arthritis (18.9%), systemic lupus erythematosus (12.9%), and cutaneous vasculitis (10.6%) were the most frequent AIRDs among patients who experienced a flare-up following COVID-19 vaccination. More than 85% of patients who were vaccinated with AstraZeneca experienced a flare-up after the first dose of vaccination. In the majority of patients, the flare-up occurred after the first dosage of COVID-19 vaccination.
Conclusion: In Mashhad, Iran, the incidence of flare-ups in autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases following COVID-19 vaccination is estimated to be a mere 3%. Despite their rarity, flare-ups in autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases post-COVID-19 vaccination can still pose a public health issue, potentially undermining public confidence in vaccinations.
Clinical Features of Temporomandibular Disorders: Validity and Reliability of the Fonseca Anamnestic Index in Persian
Authors: Anbari Fahimeh , Taghavi Farnoosh , Khalighi Hamidreza , Tavakolizadeh Sara , Sani Mohammad Khosousi , Ahmadi Shayan , Sani Sahba Khosousi
Published: November 2024

Background: Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs) are a group of disorders associated with masticatory dysfunction. TMDs are usually diagnosed late which leads to complicated treatments. Early diagnosis and treatment of TMDs are essential.
Methods: A valid and reliable version of Fonseca’s Anamnestic Index (FAI) was prepared in Persian from the English version. It was used to assess TMD in 350 patients. Clinical signs of TMD were also recorded based on examination.
Results: FAI scores showed 161(46%) people had TMD. There was no significant difference between occlusion classes in terms of the frequency of TMD. There was no significant difference between the mean maximum mouth opening and severity of TMD.
Conclusion: In this study the validity and reliability of the FAI in Persian language, as a simple tool for TMD screening in health centers, was confirmed.  Based on results, there is a relationship between clinical findings and the severity of TMD by using FAI and it can be used for screening TMD patients.
The Effect of Clinical Teammate Nurse Approach on the ICU Nurses’ Knowledge of Electrocardiogram (ECG) Interpretation of Cardiac Arrhythmia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Tourdeh Maedeh , Fakhr-Movahedi Ali , Ebrahimian Abbasali
Published: November 2024

Background: Using an effective method to enhance nurses’ knowledge of ECG interpretation is one of the most essential requirements for nursing managers. Self-directed learning approaches can help to introduce lifelong learning in learners, especially in clinical settings. This study purposed to detect the effect of the implementation of the clinical teammate nurse program on the critical care nurses’ knowledge of ECG interpretation on cardiac arrhythmia.
Methods: A pilot study was performed by a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group. The participants were 32 critical care nurses divided into two groups: the clinical teammate nurse program and control groups. The data were collected by a knowledge assessment questionnaire that measured nurses’ knowledge of ECG interpretation of cardiac arrhythmia. The nurses’ knowledge was measured three times: initial study, one month, and six months later. Results: The mean and standard deviation of age of participants was 32.38±7.03 years. There was a significant difference between three scores of repeated measurement of nurses’ knowledge (p<0.001), as the nurses’ knowledge one month after the study was significantly higher than in the initial test six months later. Also, pairwise comparisons showed that nurses in the clinical teammate program had higher knowledge scores than the control group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The clinical teammate nurse program can be used as an easy and economical way to improve nurses’ knowledge in interpreting ECG. This method can also be an excellent alternative to formal and traditional methods such as lecturing programs in continuing education programs.
The Prevalence of Stunting in Indonesia: An Examination of the Health, Socioeconomic Status, and Environmental Determinants
Authors: Kustanto Andi , Rachmat Omat , Setyadi Sugeng
Published: November 2024

Background: Stunting is a significant public health concern in Indonesia. It represents a form of chronic malnutrition that manifests not only as a short stature for one’s age, but also as a profound challenge affecting children’s physical and cognitive development. This study aims to provide more research basis for the government to formulate stunting policies by exploring the ecological factors associated with stunting, consistent with the goal of reducing stunting according to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets by 2030.
Methods: Data were collected on stunting and ecological factors from 34 provinces in Indonesia from 2015-18, sourced from Statistics Indonesia and the Ministry of Health. A framework of ecological factors that influence stunting, consisting of health, socioeconomic status, and the environment was developed. A panel data model to test the influence of each ecological factor on stunting was created.
Results: Among the 27 independent variables of health, economic status, and environment, the results of this study show that malnutrition, diarrhea, dependency ratio, and hygiene significantly affect the risk of stunting. Meanwhile, antenatal care, nurses, and sanitation have an effect on reducing the risk of stunting.
Conclusion: To achieve the SDGs targets associated with malnutrition by 2030, addressing stunting in Indonesia requires a comprehensive and multisectoral approach that addresses the fundamental causes of stunting, including health, socioeconomic status, and environmental factors. Addressing stunting is crucial for Indonesia, not only to improve the health and well-being of its children, but also for the long-term benefits of enhancing educational outcomes and economic productivity.
The Effect of Exercise on Improving Respiratory Function and Physical Activity in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Mirenayat Maryam Sadat , Abedi Mohsen , Abedi Mohsen , Fakharian Atefeh
Published: November 2024

Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 has been associated with various physical and psychological effects. The role of exercise in strengthening the immune system and reducing inflammation has already been proven. Moderate levels of exercise can enhance overall immunity. Exercise can improve intracellular metabolism and increase cell defense activity by improving inflammatory cytokines, immature B cells, and cytotoxic T cells. Therefore, exercise is known as a defense strategy against respiratory infections. Here the role of exercise in improving respiratory function and physical activity in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 was evaluated.
Methods: The present study was performed as a randomized clinical trial on 90 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Both groups received all routine treatments (medication, invasive or non-invasive ventilation, physiotherapy). Then, in the experimental group, standard exercises were provided to improve the patients’ physical condition and exercise capacity. After two weeks and one month later, all indices were measured again in two groups.
Results: The results of the present study showed that exercise causes significant changes in indicators such as 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) (p=0.001), balance score (p=0.02), and Sf1 score (p=0.05) in two time periods before and after rehabilitation in two groups.
Conclusion: Performing standard and defined exercise exercises for patients with the new coronavirus improves the physical activity and respiratory function of patients.
Investigation of the Radiation Protection Effect of Metformin Against Complications Caused by Radiation Therapy in Patients with Prostate Cancer: Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Razmjoo Sasan , Cheki Mohsen , Hosseini Mohammad , Bagheri Ali , Razaghi Samira , Hosseini Sina
Published: November 2024

Background: External-Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) is one of the most important treatments for prostate cancer. Metformin is a multifunctional drug that can control complications following radiotherapy.
Methods: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on patients with prostate cancer candidates for EBRT. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups receiving oral Metformin (n=20) or placebo (n=20). The incidence of acute complications was investigated using radiation therapy oncology group acute complications criteria.
Results: There was no significant change in the number of blood cells before and after treatment in the two groups (p<0.05). The micronuclei number in both groups showed a significant increase during radiotherapy, immediately and one month later (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in number of micronuclei between the two groups (p<0.05). The frequency of urinary complications ≥ grade 2 in the metformin group was lower (p=0.005). There was no significant difference in the incidence of gastrointestinal complications ≥ grade 2 between the metformin and placebo groups (p=0.5).
Conclusion: It is recommended that further studies on Metformin as a radioprotective agent in prostate cancer patients who are candidates for radiotherapy be carried out. This research project was registered in the clinical trial center (IRCT: IRCT20211213053377N1).
One Public Health Crisis into Many Others: The Impact of COVID-19 on Upstaging of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Jalaeefar Amirmohsen , Shirkhoda Mohammad , Mahmoodzadeh Habibollah , Omranipour Ramesh , Poopak Amirhossein , Sharifi Amirsina
Published: November 2024

Background: This study aimed to investigate how COVID-19 affects patients with Gastric Cancer (GC) and what should be expected to happen in post-CVOID-19 era.
Methods: A retrospective study of GC patients referring to Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences in two parallel time periods of February 25th to December 25th of 2020 and the same period in 2019 was conducted.
Results: Twenty-six patients during COVID-19 pandemic and 54 patients during pre-COVID-19 time were recruited. Mean age, gender, tumor location and T status distribution did not show statistically significant difference between study groups (all p-values >0.05). Regarding N status, distributions of N0, N1, N2 and N3 in pre-COVID group were as follows: 2(3%), 21(39%), 25(48%) and 6(10%). In COVID-19 period, group N0 was not reported and N1, N2 and N3 were 7(27%), 7(27%) and 13(46%), respectively (p-value <0.05). Among pre-COVID patients, 6(11%) patients had gross metastasis in Staging Laparoscopy (SL) and 10(18.5%) patients had positive malignant cytology. In COVID-19 group positive SL and positive cytology were found in 9(35%) and 11(42%) patients, respectively (all p-values <0.05).
Conclusion: Health care systems should adopt reasonable approaches to cancer management, otherwise we might face the upcoming pandemic of locally advanced and metastatic cancers.
Which is More Accurate? Urologist or STONE Nomogram: An Original Study
Authors: Shakiba Behnam , Atarod Mohammad Mehdi , Hoseini Seyyed Ahmad Reza , Faegh Ali , Maghsoudi Robab , Moradi Asaad
Published: November 2024

Background: Comparing and determining the accuracy of -urolo gists and STONE nomogram prediction about the Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) outcomes in urolithiasis patients.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was performed on 70 patients who underwent PCNL in Firoozgar Hospital (Tehran, Iran) from March 2019 to April 2020. Two expert urologists, who were not informed about the actual result of the procedure and did not have access to the post-operative data, were asked to predict the success rate of PCNL based on pre-operative imaging. The remaining stone size of less than 4 mm was considered as stone-free in PCNL. On the other hand, the STONE nomogram calculated the stone-free rate, and if the predicted success rate was over 60%, PCNL was considered successful based on the STONE nomogram.
Results: The accuracy of the urologist’s prediction was 76.42%. The STONE nomogram correctly predicted the PCNL result in 59 cases (84.28%). There was a significant correlation between the actual success rate of the PCNL and the nomogram’s prediction (p-value= 1.013×10-5). There was no significant difference between the surgeons and the nomogram’s prediction (p-value=0.336). The number of stones did not significantly affect the correct prediction of surgical results (p-value<0.05). Upper calyx stones caused a significant difference between correct prediction of surgical results by surgeons and nomograms (p-value<0.05).
Conclusion: No significant difference was found between surgeons’ prediction and STONE nomogram, but only in patients with kidney stones in the upper calyx; the nomogram’s prediction accuracy was higher.
Morphologic Evaluation of Lingual Concavity in Posterior Region of Mandible: A Cone Beam Computerized Tomography Study
Authors: Haghnegahdar Abdolaziz , Paknahad Maryam , Rajabi Maryam , Akbarizadeh Fatemeh
Published: November 2024

Background: The present study aimed to assess the frequency, Lingual Concavity Angle (LCA) and the different types of lingual concavity in the posterior mandible.
Methods: In this study Cone Beam Computerized Tomography (CBCT) images of 670 mandibular bodies in the molar areas were evaluated. Cross-sectional images of the mandible were reconstructed at furcation points of first molar area. The LCA was measured. The subjects with LCA smaller than 85° were considered as concave. Then, the concave subjects were classified into three groups: angle less than 40°, angle between 40-60°, and angle between 60-85° were designated as extremely deep, deep, and mild deep, respectively.
Results: The most common type of lingual concavity was mild deep, followed by deep, and extremely deep. There was a significant positive correlation between the LCA and the age of participants (p<0.001). There was also significant relationship between the age of participants and the type of lingual concavity (p<0.001). The subjects in mild deep group were significantly older than deep group (p=0.032). Also, the non-concave subjects were significantly older than deep and mild deep subjects. (p=0.001 and 0.040, respectively). The LCA was significantly higher in males than females (p=0.020). The LCA was significantly larger on the left side (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The presence of deep lingual concavity was common (95%.). Also, mandibular lingual concavity types were found to vary by age, and laterality. Moreover, the LCA was significantly different according to patient age, sex, and laterality.
Predicting Depression in Middle-Aged Individuals in Tehran Based on Socioeconomic Status, Loneliness, Spiritual Well-Being, and Marital Satisfaction in 2023
Authors: Imani Fatemeh , Bagheri Maedeh
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Information related to the amount of the most significant risk factors identified in relation to depression in middle-aged Iranian individuals is insufficient. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to predict depression in middle-aged residents of Tehran based on their socioeconomic status, feelings of loneliness, spiritual well-being, and marital satisfaction.
Methods: This cross-sectional study employed a quantitative descriptive-correlational approach and regression analysis. A total of 216 middle-aged individuals visiting health centers in Tehran in 2023 were selected through convenience sampling. Participants completed questionnaires assessing marital satisfaction (Hudson), social-emotional loneliness in adults, spiritual well-being (Dehshiri et al.), socioeconomic status (SES), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24 to examine the relationship between predictor variables and depression.
Rusults: Among the 216 middle-aged participants in Tehran, aged between 40 and 60 years, 47/68% were male (103 individuals) and 52/31% were female (113 individuals). The prevalence of depression among middle-aged individuals in Tehran was found to be 46/3% (100 individuals). Notably, only spiritual well-being significantly predicted the variability in depression among middle-aged individuals in Tehran (B=0/19, p< 0/01).
Conclusion: Contrary to previous studies, socioeconomic status, loneliness, and marital satisfaction did not statistically predict the variability in depression among middle-aged individuals in Tehran. It is recommended that further research be conducted to identify the most significant risk factors associated with depression in this demographic.
The Mediating Role of Self-Criticism in the Relationship between Fear of Negative Evaluation and Social Anxiety in Medical Science Students
Authors: Ahmadabadi Mehdi Shomali , Mohsen Zabihi , Khodarahmi Ali , Ahmadabadi Atefeh Barkhordari
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Social anxiety disorder is an intense and persistent fear of being watched and judged by others. This fear can affect work, school, and other daily activities. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of self-criticism regarding the fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety of medical students.
Methods: This is a correlational research conducted using structural equations. The statistical population of the research consisted of all doctoral students of medical sciences in Yazd in the academic year 1400-1401. The sample size of 227 people was determined and sampling was done by voluntary sampling method. The research tools included the social anxiety scale (Jarabek, 1996), self-criticism (Thompson & Zuroff, 2004) and fear of negative evaluation (Leary, 1983), which was published online. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling, utilizing SPSS26 and Amos24 software.
Results: The direct effect of fear of negative evaluation on social anxiety was significant (P=0/001). the direct effect of self-criticism on social anxiety (P=0/041), and the direct effect of fear of negative evaluation on self-criticism (P=0/001) were significant. Bootstrap results further indicated that the indirect effect of fear of negative evaluation on social anxiety through self-criticism was significant (P=0/019).
Conclusion:These findings highlight self-criticism as a significant mediator between fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety in medical students, emphasizing the importance of addressing self-perception in interventions.
Survival Rate and Related Factors in Patients with COVID19 Undergoing Major Surgeries: A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Molaei Amir , Izadi Shahrzad , Moghani Fatemeh , Paknazar Fatemeh , Mansori Kamyar , Hemmati Hamid Reza
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Surgery is one of the factors that may accelerate and intensify the progression of COVID-19. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the survival rate and related factors in patients with COVID19 undergoing a major surgery.
Methods: In this cross-sectional-analytical study, 43 patients with COVID-19 who underwent a major surgery in Kowsar Semnan Hospital were examined in 2021. The data collection tool was a checklist including demographic and clinical variables, which was extracted from the patients' files by referring to the medical records section. Survival of patients after surgery was also checked through telephone calls. The data was entered into Stata 14 software and Chi-squared test was used to check the relationship between variables with 6-month survival.
Results: The mean age (± S.D) of the patients age was 50/86 (± 23/14). . The mean (± standard deviation) age of male and female patients was 47.73 (± 20.89) and 55.65 (± 26.15), respectively.The survival rate 6 months after surgery was significantly lower in patients over 50 years old, who were admitted to the intensive care unit, and were suffering from an underlying disease, high body mass index, the presence of trauma and neurosurgery (P<0/05).
Conclusion: Almost only half of the patients with COVID19 survived 6 months after major surgery, and age over 50, hospitalization in the intensive care unit, underlying disease, high body mass index, and presence of trauma and neurosurgery were the most important factors determining this decrease in survival.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Marital Commitment and Quality of Life in Women Following Satellite Series
Authors: Younesi Fatemeh , Daramadi Parviz Sharifi , Hoseini Seyede Masoomeh
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Given the negative effects of satellite series on marital commitment, and the quality of life of women, and the destabilization of family systems, the present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on marital commitment and quality of life in women who follow satellite series in Tehran
Methods: This study was designed as a quasi-experimental intervention with a pre-test and post-test approach. The statistical population consisted of women who were viewers of satellite series and members of an active institute in marriage and psychological services for couples in East Tehran. Using convenience sampling method, the first individual was selected randomly, and then through snowball sampling, 120 individuals were introduced. After screening and selecting eligible individuals, the sample size was reduced to 30, and the participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 in each group). The women in the experimental group participated in virtual cognitive-behavioral therapy sessions. Data collection tools included two standardized questionnaires: the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Adams and Jones Marital Commitment Questionnaire which were distributed and completed in both groups before and after the intervention. For data analysis, descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, Shapiro-Wilk test, skewness, and kurtosis were used, and for inferential statistics to examine the significance of the intervention's effectiveness, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.
Results: The results indicated a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in both pre-test and post-test (p<0/05). The scores of the experimental group after the intervention showed a significant increase in the post-test analysis of covariance for the variables of physical health, psychological health, social relationships, social environment, overall quality of life, personal commitment, moral commitment, structural commitment, and overall marital commitment, compared to the pre-test (p<0/05). At the same time, the control group did not show a significant difference (p>0/05).
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that cognitive-behavioral therapy has a positive impact on quality of life and marital commitment. This type of therapy can be utilized as an effective strategy to improve marital commitment and quality of life for women who watch satellite series.
Approaches to Disaster Recovery in Cloud Databases: A Comparative Analysis of Current Mechanisms
Authors: Dileep Valiki
Published: November 2024

Disaster recovery (DR) is a critical aspect of maintaining the availability, integrity, and continuity of cloud databases, which store and manage vast amounts of mission-critical data. With the increasing reliance on cloud platforms for business operations, organizations must implement effective disaster recovery mechanisms to safeguard against data loss, downtime, and system failures. This paper presents a comparative analysis of current disaster recovery approaches in cloud databases, examining the strengths and weaknesses of various strategies, including backup and restore, data replication, and automated failover systems. We evaluate how these mechanisms are applied in different cloud models (public, private, and hybrid), considering factors such as recovery time objectives (RTO), recovery point objectives (RPO), cost, and scalability. The paper also discusses emerging technologies and trends in cloud DR, such as real-time data synchronization, machine learning-based predictive recovery, and multi-cloud disaster recovery solutions. Additionally, the role of cloud service providers’ Service Level Agreements (SLAs) in defining DR expectations is analyzed. By comparing the advantages and limitations of these mechanisms, this paper provides insights into how organizations can select the most appropriate DR strategy based on their specific business needs and risk tolerance. The study concludes by offering recommendations for optimizing disaster recovery plans in cloud environments to ensure business continuity and data protection in the face of unexpected disruptions.
Development of Eco-Friendly Treatment Methods for Contaminant Removal in Drilling Mud Systems
Authors: Kenneth Effam
Published: November 2024

The environmental impact of traditional drilling mud treatments has become a growing concern in the oil and gas industry, prompting a shift towards more sustainable practices. Drilling muds, which are essential in wellbore operations, often rely on chemical additives to manage contaminants. However, conventional chemical treatments raise significant environmental issues, including toxicity, bioaccumulation, and long degradation periods. This study explores the development of eco-friendly treatment methods for contaminant removal in drilling mud systems, focusing on biodegradable and non-toxic additives as potential alternatives to harmful conventional chemicals.
Our research involved the identification and laboratory testing of three primary categories of eco-friendly additives: biodegradable polymers, bio-surfactants, and water-based polymers. Each category was evaluated on its contaminant removal efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and overall impact on essential mud properties, such as density, viscosity, and pH stability. The results revealed that these eco-friendly additives demonstrated comparable, and in some cases superior, contaminant removal efficiencies relative to traditional treatments. For instance, water-based polymers achieved an average contaminant removal efficiency of 90%, while biodegradable polymers showed 85% removal efficiency. The cost analysis indicated potential savings of up to 30% per barrel when using eco-friendly additives, with water-based polymers being the most cost-effective.
The study also examined the impact of these additives on drilling mud properties, finding that the eco-friendly options had minimal adverse effects on density, viscosity, and pH, thus preserving the functional integrity of the drilling mud system. Furthermore, these additives reduced the environmental risks associated with drilling mud disposal due to their biodegradability and low toxicity. The findings suggest that eco-friendly additives, particularly biodegradable polymers and water-based polymers, present a viable, sustainable alternative to traditional chemical treatments, offering both environmental and economic benefits.
Future research should focus on scaling these solutions for field applications and further examining long-term environmental impacts. This study contributes to advancing sustainable practices within the oil and gas industry by providing evidence that eco-friendly treatment methods can meet the dual demands of environmental responsibility and operational efficiency.
Las figuras femeninas de Galdós en el pensamiento de María Zambrano
Authors: Polizzi Assunta
Published: November 2024

Un espacio privilegiado en el pensamiento de María Zambrano está dedicado a los personajes femeninos de la obra de Galdós. En algunas de ellas, Isidora, Tristana, Benina, la pensadora vislumbra las vertientes del ser ontológico femenino que el discurso literario pone al descubierto en su complejidad. Se trata de mujeres de carne y hueso, pero también de sueños, que, en la visión naturalista del mundo, se convierten en “arenas de conflictos”. El objetivo de este estudio es, por lo tanto, esbozar la trayectoria de la obra de la pensadora en relación con su meditación sobre lo femenino literario, trazando especialmente su recorrido por los andamios de las obras de Galdós.