bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TALKING STICK PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS IV DI SDN 1 TANJUNG GLUGUR TAHUN AJARAN 2022/2023
Authors: Ayuanggita Sherly , Rofek Aenor , Bramantha Heldie
Published: March 2024

Pemilihan model pembelajaran yang sangat mempengaruhi terhadap tercapainnya suatu tujuan pembelajaran yang merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat menentukan keberhasilan belajar mengajar. Salah satu masalah pokok dalam proses pembelajaran adalah rendahnya daya serap siswa dalam pembelajaran dan siswa tidak aktif pada saat proses pembelajaran, sehingga menghasilkan hasil belajar yang kurang memuaskan. Talking Stick  merupakan model tipe kooperatif yang menekankan pada aktifitas dan interaksi siswa serta kerjasama antar peserta didik untuk mencapai hasil yang maksimal. Adapun langkah model pembelajaran Talking Stick yang pertama guru menyampaikan materi terlebih dahulu setelah selesai guru membentuk siswa menjadi beberapa kelompok, setelah itu guru memberikan  waktu beberapa menit untuk mempelajari kembali materi yang sebelumnya, setelah itu guru memberikan suatu permasalahan yang harus dipecahkan dengan berdiskusi bersama teman kelompok, setelah selesai permainan Talking Stick dimulai dengan menyanyikan lagu bersama-sama dan pada saat lagu dan tongkat berhenti pada salah satu siswa maka siswa harus menjawab pertanyaan dari guru, oleh karena itu dengan diterapkannya model Talking Stick siswa lebih aktif dan mudah menyerap materi yang disampaikan oleh guru. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Jenis penelitian pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Tempat pelaksanaan penelitian ini di lakukan di SDN 1 Tanjung Glugur kelas IV dengan adanya penerapan model pembelajaran talking stick dalam proses pembelajaran pada siswa kelas IV dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar yang lebih tinggi dengan pengaruh yang lebih besar khusunya pada mata pelajaran keaktifan siswa percaya diri dalam berkomunikasi.
ANALISIS PENTINGNYA KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI KELAS 2 DI SDN 4 CURAH JERU SITUBONDO TAHUN AJARAN 2020/2021
Authors: Marsaid Farhan , Amroellah Afif , Ledyawati Reki
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pentingnya keterampilan membaca siswa, khususnya dalam upaya pengembangan pendidikan keterampilan membaca di SDN 4 Curah Jeru. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Informan penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru, dan siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan langkah-langkah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpilan dan verifikasi. Teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data dengan menggunakan triangulasi, ketekunan pengamatan perpanjangan, keikutsertaan, pemeriksaan sejawat, melalui diksusi dan kecukupan referensial hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya pengembangan pendidikan keterampilan membaca yang dilakukan dalam program pengembangan diri di SDN 4 Curah Jeru mengangkat nilai membaca aktif, mendengarkan dengan aktif, berfikir kreatif. Bentuk dukungan kepala sekolah penguatan nilai-nilai keterampilan membaca, bentuk dukungan guru ialah dengan memasukkan nilai keterampilan membaca dikelas. Komponen sekolah di SDN 4 Curah Jeru. Budaya sekolah dan keterampilan membaca karena sekolah belum mengetahui tentang komponen tersebut, sedangkan peran komponen keluarga dirasakan masih sangat kurang. Ditemukan permasalahan dalam pembelajaran yaitu hasil belajar siswa terhadap pemebelajaran bahasa Indonesia dan juga siswa menunjukkan presentasi ketercapaian yang positif terdapat pentingnya keterampilan membaca dan adapun peningkatan yang paling besar ditinjau dari masing-masing indikator, pada minat dalam keterampilan membaca dan perhatian siswa pada pelajaran bahasa Indonesia siswa lebih termotifasi dan senang dalam mengikuti pembelajaran yang peneliti lakukan, sehingga siswa banyak berperan aktif dalam proses pembelajaran membaca yang kami terapkan pada siswa kelas 2 di SDN 4 Curah Jeru.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERHITUNG PERKALIAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA RODALI (RODA PERKALIAN) PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS III DI SD INTEGRAL LUQMAN AL HAKIM SITUBONDO TAHUN AJARAN 2022-2023
Authors: Fajriana Anizar , Pratiwi Vidya , Yulianto Dodik Eko
Published: March 2024

Guru dituntut lebih kreatif dalam mencari solusi untuk kesulitan yang dialami anak didiknya selama kegiatan pembelajaran. Seperti penggunaan media tiga dimensi untuk mempermudah siswa memahami suatu permasalahan dalam pelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan media rodali sebagai upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar perkalian dasar siswa kelas III SD Integral Luqman Al Hakim Situbondo tahun ajaran 2022-2023; 2) untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar matematika melalui penerapan media rodali pada materi perkalian dasar siswa kelas III SD Integral Luqman Al Hakim Situbondo tahun ajaran 2022-2023. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas, disusun dalam siklus berdaur terdiri atas perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi yang dilaksanakan dua siklus. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah: 1) metode observasi untuk mengamati aktifitas siswa; 2) metode tes untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa; 3) metode wawancara untuk mengetahui pendapat siswa tentang kepuasan belajar. Subyek yang digunakan adalah siswa kelas III yang berjumlah 25 siswa. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah pembelajaran dengan media tiga dimensi memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus yaitu siklus I (80%) dan siklus II (92%).
MEDIA BERBASIS WEB "RUANG BELAJAR" SOLUSI PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA POKOK BAHASAN CERPEN
Authors: Yogi Irawan Adhe , Widowati Asri
Published: March 2024

Proses pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia utamanya materi Cerpen di SMAN 1 Srengat terdapat beberapa kendala, diantaranya adalah akibat penerapan Full Day School sangat menguras kesempatan siswa untuk belajar siswa seusai pulang sekolah, karena rata-rata siswa pulang jam 16.00 WIB, sehingga merekapun tidak memiliki tenaga untuk mengikuti les sekedar untuk menambah pengetahuan setelah pulang sekolah, dan hari sabtu atau minggu mereka biasanya tidak mau belajar dengan alasan libur sekolah. Sehingga mereka banyak yang mengikuti bimbel online, namun bimbel onlinepun tidak sepenuhnya mampu menyelesaikan masalah, karena tidak semua orant tua mampu membayar biaya bimbel. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan hadirnya media yang mampu mengatasi keterbatasan ruang dan waktu yang mudah diakses kapanpun dan dimanapun siswa inginkan dan tidak membebani orang tua berkaitan dengan biaya. Maka dari itu media pembelajaran berbasis web "Ruang Belajar" adalah solusi pemecahan masalah tersebut, dengan adanya web ruang belajar tersebut, diharapkan akan mampu memberikan kemudahan belajar siswa karena dapat diakses kapanpun dan dimanapun siswa inginkan, dengan fitur materi tulis, video materi, latihan soal, sampai pada fitur diskusi pembelajaran, yang tentunya gratis dan tidak membebani biaya bagi orang tua. Selain itu dengan adanya media berbasis WEB "Ruang Belajar" tersebut pembelajaran akan lebih mudah, menarik, efektif dan efisien. Adapun hasil tes praktek siswa untuk membuktikan efektifitas pemanfaatan media Berbasis WEB  ini dapat dibuktikan dari hasil nilai Pretes Siswa Sebelum penerapan media dengan rata-rata nilai 76 dan 14 siswa remedial. Setelah penerapan media berbasis web siswa melakukan Post tes dengan hasil rata-rata siswa naik menjadi 88 dan siswa tuntas 100%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa  media berbasis web "Ruang Belajar" pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Pokok Bahasan Cerpen Siswa SMAN 1 Srengat Kelas XI MIA 1 sangat efektif untuk diterapkan dan terbukti mampu meningkatnya prestasi belajar siswa dari awal tes 76 naik menjadi  88 terjadi peningkatan nilai rata-rata sebesar 12, dan siswa saat Pre Test masih ditemukan 14 anak yang  dibawah KKM atau  remidali, berkurang dalam Post Test dimana semua siswa. Media berbasia WEB ini  ini bisa dikategorikan sebagai suatu inovasi yang dapat memecahkan masalah pendidikan terutama untuk menjadikan pembelajaran menjadi lebih menarik dan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi waktu. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dikembangkan cakupan materi lain dalam WEB, sehingga bukan hanya dikhususkan pada materi cerpen saja, melainkan juga materi-materi yang lainnya. Oleh karena itu diharapkan pengembang  media berbasis WEB selanjutnya, dapat melakukan revisi/perbaikan atau memberikan tambahan bagi kesempurnaan media ini.
Morphometry and histological picture of the intestines of broiler chickens when using the drug Argumistin
Authors:   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Russia, Bazekin George V. , Akhmarova Kseniya V. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Russia, Dolinin Ilgiz R. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Russia
Published: March 2024

The paper presents data on the effect of Argumistin on the morphometry and histology of the intestines of broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross. It was found that the use of Argumistin in the recommended dose has a beneficial effect on morphometric parameters and histological picture of the intestine and does not cause alterative changes in them.
Use of the drug «Arbimektin» in the complex therapy of viral infections in dogs and cats
Authors:   Agribioprom, Moscow, Russia, Sidorkina Mariya G. , Kachalin Mikhail D. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Deltsov Alexander A. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2024

The presented scientific article describes the results of a study of the effectiveness of the drug «Arbimektin » in the complex treatment of viral infections in dogs and cats. It has been established that the tested antiviral drug «Arbimektin» in accordance with the instructions for use is effective in the complex therapy of infectious diseases of viral and bacterial etiology in animals, and is recommended for use in veterinary clinics for the purpose of: treatment in the complex therapy of infectious diseases of viral etiology in dogs ( adenovirus infections, parvovirus and coronavirus enteritis of dogs, parainfluenza), treatment in complex therapy of infectious diseases of viral and bacterial etiology in cats (panleukopenia, infectious rhinotracheitis, calicivirosis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis).
Efficiency of using feed additives in poultry farming
Authors:   Moscow Veterinary Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K.I. Scriabin”, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kolpakov Ilya D. , Bachinskaya Valentina M. ,   Moscow Veterinary Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K.I. Scriabin”, Moscow, Russian Federation, Deltsov Alexander A. ,   Moscow Veterinary Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K.I. Scriabin”, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

This article presents data on the use of feed additives in the diet of laying hens based on a 55 % water-oil emulsion of fish oil and flaxseed oil, produced by Firm A-BIO LLC, Moscow. The experimental part of the work was carried out in the vivarium of the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, in the experiment we used laying hens at 120 days of age purchased from Mayskie Prostori LLC, the birds were kept in a three-tier cage with six heads per tier, fed and watered freely, used PK1 compound feed for breeding laying hens 21–47 weeks in accordance with GOST 18221-98. The use of feed additives based on a 55 % water-oil emulsion of fish oil and flaxseed oil in the diet of laying hens contributed to an increase in the amount of essential amino acids in the first experimental group by 1.02 % and in the second, experimental group by 0,72 %, essential amino acids by 2,0 % in the first experimental group and by 1,7 % in the second experimental group in relation to the control. We noted an increase in the weight of one egg in the experimental groups in the first experimental group by 5,2 % and in the second experimental group by 3,5 % relative to the control group; we also noted an increase in the weight of eggs without shell in the first experimental group by 4,3 % and in the second experimental group by 4,7 % compared to the control. According to the results of the tasting assessment of eggs, we did not notice any foreign odor or taste in chicken eggs that were fed with a water-oil emulsion of fish oil; according to the tasting assessment, eggs from all groups were rated on a 5,0 point scale.
Advantages and challenges of digitalization of the Ukrainian economy
Authors: Cherep Oleksandr , Dashko Iryna , Bexhter Lilija , Pidlisnyy Roman
Published: March 2024

The essential characteristics, primary goals, and tasks of the Ukrainian economy's digitalization are studied. It has been established that digitization is the saturation of the physical world with electronic digital devices, means, and systems and the establishment of electronic communication exchange between them; in fact, the general, interaction of the virtual and physical is realized, that is, a cyber-physical space is created. The main goals of digitization are the digital transformation of the existing economy, the creation of new sectors of the economy, and the transformation of spheres of life into new, more efficient, and modern ones. This growth will only be possible if ideas, actions, initiatives, and plans related to digitization are integrated into national, regional, and sectoral development strategies and plans. The principles of the digital economy, which acquire features of an avant-garde character, are allocated, improved, and characterized. The types of digital economies, their four evolutions, the challenges of each stage of digitalization, and their impact on Ukraine's economy are indicated. It is well-founded that Ukraine has all the conditions for the so-called digital leap and the transition to a higher level of technological development, namely: ability to produce and use information, communication and digital technologies, and availability of professionals. This is evidenced by the statistics of real successes of Ukrainian IT companies on the international market, the purchase of appropriate equipment and technologies, and the dissemination of technologies among citizens and enterprises. This is evidenced by the gradual recovery of domestic demand for technologies, market "success stories" in various spheres of life and economy, creation of local representative offices of equipment manufacturers, distribution of high-tech equipment, a sufficient level of system integration of technical products and services - from design to complex implementation of various technologies, software, and hardware; а culture of creativity and the ability to generate ideas, as evidenced by high ratings. The key directions of the initial stage of the formation of the digital economy are clarified. Challenges in the field of digital economy and strengths and weaknesses are identified in digitalization. Proposals were made to strengthen the strengths and overcome the challenges of digitalizing the economy at the international and national levels.
Keywords: digitalization; digital technologies; digital economy; digital society; digital development.
Problematic issues in the budget system of Ukraine
Authors: Cherep Alla , Oleynikova Lyudmyla , Kishko Yulia
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the problems and shortcomings in Ukraine's budget system. The main factors of inefficient budget execution are considered. The execution of Ukraine's state budget and trends in revenues and expenditures for 2026-2022 are analyzed, and the reasons for non-execution of the state budget are identified. It is determined that to avoid corruption in public administration, it is necessary to develop a set of methods covering all aspects of the system. The directions that will allow the formation of strong and independent anti-corruption agencies and institutions that will expand the powers to combat corruption are indicated. Measures to reform the justice system to enable fair consideration of corruption cases are highlighted. To eliminate financial abuses in Ukraine's budget system, proposals have been made to ensure transparency and openness of public administration. It is determined that innovations, especially technologies, can be used to create more reliable systems for managing public finances. It is proved that the budget system should be the center of internal control and audit within the organization. Strengthening these processes will ensure prompt detection and elimination of potential violations. All these measures should have public support and active participation of citizens in monitoring the conditions for spending budget funds. Only an open and inclusive system can prevent the misuse of funds. It is also proposed to expand Ukrainians' access to information and improve e-government systems, which will reduce corruption and meet ethical standards for civil servants to maintain integrity in public authorities. Possible methods of combating the main obstacles of the budget system have been put forward, and recommendations have been added to normalize the economic and social situation by overcoming problematic issues that negatively affect the state of the country. The main problem – inefficient distribution of budget funds – has been studied. In the example of the local budget of the Zaporizhzhia region, the main directions of budget distribution are considered.
Keywords: budget system, budget, problems, socio-economic situation, financial stability, corruption.
Management of strategic development of enterprises in the energy market of Ukraine
Authors: Polozova Tetiana
Published: March 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of managing enterprises' strategic development in Ukraine's energy market. The main threats and dangers to the functioning of the energy industry in modern conditions were determined. The state of functioning of enterprises in the energy industry was studied. Based on the analysis of the electricity production volumes by different energy systems, the industry's and individual enterprises' development trends are substantiated. The state of the export potential of electricity to European countries was analyzed, resulting in a significant decrease in exports of all types of generation was revealed. The competitive position of Ukraine's energy industry, which has significantly decreased in recent years, has been studied. The main directions for increasing the competitiveness of energy-complex enterprises both in the domestic and foreign markets have been formed. It was determined that for Ukraine's energy industry, access to new European sales markets will significantly improve its competitive position, ensure the industry's economic activity, and contribute to its sustainable development. The definition of the strategic development of the enterprise is given. A conceptual model for managing the strategic development of enterprises in the energy market of Ukraine is proposed, which includes the following stages: definition of the purpose, principles, tasks, methods, and tools for managing the strategic development of the enterprise; analysis of the market and competitive environment; strategic planning; carrying out a SWOT analysis; resource planning; strategy implementation; monitoring and evaluation. The main objectives of the development strategy of energy industry enterprises have been formulated. The main principles of strategic management of the development of energy market enterprises are defined. The need to diagnose the competitive positions of the industry, which will allow us to determine the strengths and weaknesses in the activities of both individual enterprises and the complex, is substantiated. Identifying threats and weaknesses will allow managers to implement the necessary measures to minimize or eliminate them promptly, which will positively affect the development of energy industry enterprises.
Keywords: management, strategic development, energy market, enterprise, management model.
Effective Implementation of Semester System in Colleges: A Case Study of the Affiliated Colleges with the University of Malakand
Authors: Dr. Itbar Khan  , Dr. Iqbal Ahmad  , Sumera Imran
Published: March 2024

This research aimed to investigate the measures required for the effective implementation of a semester system for undergraduate education in graduate and post-graduate colleges affiliated with the University of Malakand. The study mainly focused on physical requirements (lecture rooms, laboratories, library), human resource requirements (faculty members, staff), issues in the curriculum, and major issues in the assessment system from the perspectives of teachers of public sector colleges affiliated with the University of Malakand. A mixed-method research design was used for data collection. First, qualitative data was collected, and analyzed through thematic analysis, and then a questionnaire was developed for quantitative data analysis. The findings of the study showed that there were several issues in the implementation of the semester system in the affiliated colleges. These included lengthy courses, outdated content, irrelevant content, lack of space such as classrooms, science labs, etc, need for curriculum improvement, poor assessment system, lack of training for teachers, and lack of regular monitoring from management and the university side. Based on the results it is suggested that the implementation of the semester system in the colleges needs to be reviewed and improved for the affiliated colleges and to ensure quality education.
Entwicklungslinien künftiger Ausbildung der Lehrerinnen und Lehrer, aufgesucht und nachgezeichnet anhand dreier kantonaler Leitbilder
Authors: Wyss Heinz
Published: March 2024

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Zur "Gesamtkonzeption Lehrerbildung" im Kanton Bern. Kurzgefasstes Referat am Kongress der SGBF/SPV vom 10./11. Nov. 1989
Authors: Thomet Ulrich
Published: March 2024

Der Text verfolgt das Ziel- auf Methodisches hinzuweisen;- einige Denkansätze, ihre Verknüpfung und Folgerungen daraus sichtbar zu machen;- einzelne Zielsetzungen der Gesamtkonzeption im Sinn von Beispielen anzuführen. Es ist nicht das Ziel, die ganze Konzeption zu referieren. Sie wurde im Schlussbericht des Projektes, das vom 15.8.1984-31.7.1989 dauerte veröffentlicht.
Bedeutsamkeit, Effizienz, Lernklima. Grundlegende Gütekriterien für Unterricht und didaktische Prinzipien
Authors: Kramis Jo
Published: March 2024

Aufgrund eines Wertentscheides postuliere ich drei fundamentale Gütekriterien für Unterricht: (1) Bedeutsamkeit , (2) Effizienz, (3) Lernklima. Weiter postuliere ich, analog zu natur-ökologischen Betrachtungen, ein psycho-ökologisches Gütekriterium: Keine heimlichen negativen Nebeneffekte von Unterricht, weder auf Schüler- noch auf Lehrerseite. Aufgrund einer empirischen Analyse der Ergebnisse der Evaluation von 7 Lehrveranstaltungen an einer Stichprobe von 110 LehrerstudentInnen werden empirisch die Beziehungen zwischen der Realisierung/Nichtrealisierung von 36 Didaktischen Prinzipien und der Gesamteinschätzung von Unterricht ermittelt. Exploratorische und konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen von 36 Schätzskalen, die Didaktischen Prinzipien entsprechen, ergeben drei Grunddimensionen, auf die sich die Didaktischen Prinzipien zurückführen lassen. Mittels multipler Regressionsanalysen werden optimale Subsets von Didaktischen Prinzipien gebildet, mit denen sich die Gesamteinschätzung von Unterricht sowie die drei Gütekriterien mit hoher Genauigkeit vorhersagen/erklären lassen. Auf dem Hintergrund der Ergebnisse werden Folgerungen für die Unterrichtsforschung sowie die Lehrerbildung gezogen.
Hoffnung auf eine offene, rekurrente Berufsbildung der Lehrer
Authors: Ghisla Gianni
Published: March 2024

Aus Anlass der in diesem Jahr im Kanton Tessin erfolgten Verabschiedung eines neuen Schulgesetzes sowie einer Verordnung über die Lehrerfortbildung, berichtet G. Ghisla über die Entwicklungen in der Tessiner Lehrerbildung, die zu Hoffnung auf eine offene, rekurrente Berufsbildung Anlass geben. Nach einem Blick auf einige historische und institutionelle Zusammenhänge geht der Autor näher auf vier zentrale Problemkomplexe ein. In der Folge werden einige Thesen zu Identität und Profil des Lehrerberufs, zum Zusammenhang von Lehrerbildung und Innovation, zum Verhältnis von Theorie und Praxis sowie zu einigen didaktischen Topoi in der Lehrerbildung als Beitrag zur aktuellen Diskussion formuliert.
Charakteristika von Lehrerinnen und Lehrern, die Computer im Unterricht benutzen, und solchen, die dies nicht tun
Authors: Frey Karl , Niederer Ruedi , Frey-Eiling Angela
Published: March 2024

Manche Lehrer benutzen Computer im Unterricht, andere nicht. Gemeint ist hier in diesem Beitrag der Unterricht in allen Fächern mit Ausnahme des Faches Informatik. Verantwortliche in der Lehreraus- und -fortbildung sowie Innovationsplaner haben Vermutungen über die Merkmale von Benutzern und Nicht-Benutzern aufgestellt. Die gängigsten Annahmen haben wir als Hypothesen formuliert und im Rahmen der ersten internationalen Computerstudie 1989 in der Schweiz mit einer nationalen Stichprobe getestet. Die Population umfasst Lehrer/innen des 8. bis 12. Schuljahres. Entgegen bisheriger Annahmen sind Benutzer nicht jünger als Nicht-Benutzer. Dagegen diskriminiert das Fach Naturwissenschafts- und Mathematiklehrer zählen eher zu den Benutzern als z. B. Sprachlehrer. Die grösste Bedeutung hat offensichtlich die Variable Geschlecht. 95% der Benutzer sind Männer. Damit hängt der persönliche Besitz eines PC zusammen. Der PC zu Hause ist bedeutsam, weil die Lehrer nach der gleichen Studie die benötigte Zeit für die Unterrichtsvorbereitung bei Computerbenutzung als entscheidend höher ansetzen als bei konventionellem Unterricht. Die Schweizer Lehrer/innen machen ihre Vorbereitungs- und Korrekturarbeiten fast ausschliesslich zu Hause. Interessant ist die Variable Lehrerfortbildung. Computernutzer haben in den letzten 5 Jahren 106 Stunden Fortbildung mitgemacht, Nicht-Nutzer dagegen 51. Selbst 51 Stunden Fortbildung und die Empfehlung im offiziellen Lehrplan bringen einen Lehrer nicht zur Computernutzung.
Ausschuss Lehrerbildung der PK/EDK: Perspektiven und Projekte
Authors: Badertscher Hans
Published: March 2024

Der Ausschuss Lehrerbildung (ALB) ist das ständige Organ der Pädagogischen Kommission der EDK, das sich mit Fragen der Lehrerbildung für alle Stufen zu befassen hat, soweit sie gesamtschweizerische Anliegen betreffen. Zur Bearbeitung spezifischer Projekte setzt der Ausschuss entsprechend zusammengesetzte Arbeitsgruppen ein, die in der Regel während längeren Phasen autonom arbeiten. Der im Vergleich zum Aufgabenfeld eng bemessene Finanzetat zwingt zu einer rigorosen Prioritätensetzung. Glücklicherweise scheint der goodwill zur unentgeltlichen Mitarbeit eine Tugend schweizerischer Lehrkräfte zu sein. Der folgende Bericht vermittelt einen Überblick über die aktuellen Projekte. Ihm sind skizzenhaft einige einbettende Gedanken vorangestellt.
GEORGIAN CONSUMERS' PERCEPTION OF BRAND PLACEMENT IN SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Nugzar Todua Nugzar Todua , Giorgi Robakidze Giorgi Robakidze
Published: March 2024

The paper shows that modern companies actively use digital technologies to advance their products on the market. In this regard, the use of marketing strategies for product (brand) placement on social media is particularly noteworthy. In the article, based on the analysis of literary materials, the main determinants (variables) of brand placement in social media are established, among which are the acceptance of brand placement, consumer awareness of placed brands, brand recall, and electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). Relevant items are formulated for the mentioned variables, on the basis of which the research hypotheses are formulated and the research conceptual model is developed. In order to determine the impact of the named variables on Georgian consumers, a marketing research was conducted, which included the population of Georgia over 18 years of age. A total of 654 respondents from different regions of Georgia were interviewed. The results of the study were processed using the statistical program SPSS 27. The analysis showed that the measures used in the study have a high level of reliability. The fact that Georgian consumers' views on traditional advertising are changing and they pay more attention to non-traditional methods of promotion was also shown. As such, based on the research, product placement on social media is Regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses and determine the relationship between the above-mentioned variables. As a result of such an analysis, statistically significant values have been obtained, which prove the connections between the variables related to brand placement on social media by Georgian consumers. The theoretical and practical considerations obtained as a result of the research are useful for companies operating in the Georgian market who are trying to promote their brands to local consumers through indirect advertising.
Keywords: Social media, brand placement, consumer behavior, marketing research.
"Academic corruption" – compensation, competition and assessment system
Authors: George Goroshidze George Goroshidze , Lasha Mgeladze Lasha Mgeladze
Published: March 2024

For any system, its highest significance lies in how effectively it operates within the institutional framework, how much it contributes to the efficient functioning of the “established” or “operational” institutions within the system, their capabilities (how well they respond quickly and effectively to the existing needs/emerging problems) and the quality of their management and established knowledge or service.
Considering the aforementioned factors, our research aims at identifying proposing pathways for improving the efficiency of the system of education, particularly in the highest educational institutions, analyzing the system of evaluation, competitors and providing pathways to address existing challenges/problems. We believe that the efficient functioning of the system of the highest education has great significance for the efficient operation of the three components mentioned above – scholarships, assessment and competitions.
The research object is the institutional structure of the state’s highest educational institutions, the existing/active stimuli in the institutions, the motivation system and the normative basis for regulating labor relations.
For this purpose, we used “Practice in the Regulation of Academic Personnel in the Normative Base of the Academic Curriculum”- Analysis, Synthesis and Critical Evaluation Methods.
The research explores the risks of corruption in the system of education, particularly focusing on the regulation of interactions among academic personnel. It critically assesses the models of scholarships, competitions and evaluations existing in the education system. Identified problems are discussed and pathways for the problem-solving are proposed.
Finally, the study provides 10 recommendations for addressing the issue.
Keywords: education system, academic curriculum, corruption, academic personnel, freedom of work, labor contracts, effectiveness of education, scholarship system, evaluation system.
The role of E-commerce tools in the global market
Authors: Kristina Jganjghava Kristina Jganjghava
Published: March 2024

Electronic commerce involves the buying and selling of goods and services through electronic systems such as computer networks and the Internet. The paper analyzes the main directions of influence of new technologies in the field of e-commerce. This refers to the issue of business model innovation in trade and changes in the structure of the retail industry. Useful recommendations for creating advanced e-commerce applications that take into account both technology and consumer rights protection are developed.
Keywords: E-commerce, global market, web technologies, software tools.
New developments in the global world: challenges and opportunities for Georgia
Authors: Shota Veshapidze Shota Veshapidze
Published: March 2024

The main purpose of this article is to analyze the features of the current reality of globalization, to identify the created opportunities and threats, and to reveal the ways to overcome it. The object of research is the current economic and political processes in the world, as well as, especially, geopolitical issues and the Ukrainian crisis. The work is based on the analysis of various fundamental literature, synthesis, specific statistical data, components of globalization index. The work draws conclusions using the cause-and-effect relationship of facts. Based on the trend of strengthening the multipolar world order, important conclusions and recommendations are presented about the possibilities and threats caused by the modern new reality of globalization, and taking advantage of it.
The new, modern trend of strengthening the multipolar world order not only brings visible positive results, also creates acute problems of protecting national priorities within the framework of international cooperation. Ensuring the country's security is significantly influenced by the growth of interdependence between the subjects of international relations, new events in the global world, the increased openness of the economy of the world’s most countries, the development of joint programs to solve contemporary, important problems.
Keywords: sources of globalization, modern tendency of strengthen the multipolar world order, globalists, anti-globalists.
MODERN APPROACHES AND CHALLENGES OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING
Authors: Salome Akhvlediani Salome Akhvlediani
Published: March 2024

The article discusses modern approaches and challenges of managerial accounting. In the conditions of the market economy, modern global approaches to managerial accounting of operational processes play a special role in the process of perfect functioning of the company. Today, when overcoming the financial crisis is an urgent problem, it is necessary to form a management accounting system adapted to the strategy.
The relevance of the study of managerial accounting issues is also indicated by the fact that in the conditions of growing competition, it is necessary to develop certain standards and management methods.
In the process of strategic decisions, such as the expansion of the company, the development of policies to improve the financial situation and sustainability, it is impossible to achieve without having a perfect management accounting system.
Using management accounting techniques, it is possible to reduce costs, increase revenues, improve operational management and control of the organization. It provides an objective view of organizational performance and helps companies make effective decisions based on accurate information.
Keywords: managerial accounting, effective management, modern approaches to managerial accounting.
Effectiveness audit in the state procurement management system
Authors: Beka Patsatsia Beka Patsatsia
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the possibilities of efficiency audit in the field of state procurement of Georgia. Taking into account the competitive environment in the modern tender market, in order to ensure the fair and efficient use of budget funds, a special place in the management of public finances is occupied by the efficiency audit.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of competitiveness in the state procurement process in Georgia based on the efficiency audit and to evaluate its relationship with the decrease in the tender price. In order to achieve the set goal, in the process of the research, the author has processed the factors that affect such a dependent variable as - "decrease in price". A regression analysis has also been conducted to check the influence of independent factors.
Based on the necessity of competition in state procurement, the article also discusses the issues related to the challenges still existing in Georgia in this direction. At the same time, approaches are proposed that ensure the improvement of competition in the procurement process. The article highlights the importance of efficiency audit in the state procurement system, which is primarily a prerequisite for optimal use of state funds and effective management of the public management process.
Keywords: public procurement, efficiency audit, competitiveness price, SPA tender with reverse auction
MANAGEMENT AND SUCCESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Lasha Tabatadze Lasha Tabatadze
Published: March 2024

The article examines the issues of choosing strategies for the development of international entrepreneur-
ship in a global economy with an assessment of individual decisions when entrepreneurs create international
companies. The article presents the results of the study, which describes in detail the competition in the market
and the competitiveness of the market. The main direction of the research is to identify the strengths and weak-
nesses of the market. Significant problems in the market were discussed and analyzed, and ways to effectively
solve them were presented. Interesting opinions and important recommendations are offered.
Keywords: International Enterprise, management of international entrepreneurship.
FUNCTION OF LABOR MARKET OF GEORGIA IN THE POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors: Mamuka Toria Mamuka Toria
Published: March 2024

andemics, which has spread all over the world, had a great impact on several directions of socio-economic development of our country. It has also significantly influenced on the function of Georgian Labor market.
One of the most important problems in functioning of Georgian Labor Market is a disbalance between the working force requirements and supply.
The volume of supplied working force on the labor market mainly depends on the quantity of the population, able to work and the directions they change. In the last decades, there have been serious changes in the quantity of the employable population in Georgia, that affected on forming and function of the labor market of our country.
In this article we have discussed the impact of demographic and external migration processes developed in Georgia, on forming the volume of supplying the working force.
Currently, external migration processes development directions gained special topicality, which is characterized with the negative migration balance of native Georgian population. Moreover, recently birth rate indicator has decreased, that will cause decrease of the quantity of the category of people, who will be capable to perform active labor activities.
All the mentioned will itself effect on forming the working force on the labor market of the country and in general function of the entire Labor Market.
Keywords: Labor market, migration, migration balance, birth rate, death rate, national growth.
EXTENDED PRODUCER OBLIGATIONS – AS A TOOL FOR REDUCING NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Authors: GELA ALADASHVILI GELA ALADASHVILI
Published: March 2024

Environmental policy is facing many challenges today. Waste management significantly contributes to the
successful implementation of policies. Despite this, many problems have accumulated in this direction, and the
search for effective ways to solve them and forms of encouragement is ongoing. Although many governments have
developed policies in response to the increase in waste, finding and using new tools remains a challenge. These
include making producers responsible for ensuring the entire life cycle of the products. The article examines ex-
tended producer responsibility as a tool for reducing negative environmental impacts, through which producers
take significant financial and physical responsibility for the handling or disposal of post-consumer items. The
paper discusses the regulations and targets adopted in Georgia, dealing with the management of waste oil, tire
waste, electrical and electronic devices, waste batteries, and accumulators. The focus is made on organizational
and financial levers within the extended producer responsibility.
Keywords: Extended producer responsibility (EPR), Regulations of ERP in Georgia.
IMPORTANT ASPECTS - WHY MONETARY POLICY DOES NOT WORK IN GEORGIA
Authors: Ramaz Gerliani Ramaz Gerliani , Giga Tvauri Giga Tvauri
Published: March 2024

Georgia is a developing economy with a gross domestic product of 72.3 billion GEL ($26.8 billion) (Geostat 2022). Macroeconomic parameters in the country react sensitively to various issues. Due to the impact of local
or foreign factors, the rate of inflation in the country was double-digit for almost 18 months (Geostat 2022), which was a great loss for the country and its population. This article presents a number of aspects of monetary
policy, namely the interest rate and the inappropriate effect of monetary instruments on inflation regulation or exchange rate stabilization, which is conditioned by the overriding rational expectation and normative economic
understanding. Using the "micro-macro synthesis" and analysis, the article discusses how important the incomes of citizens and the demand elasticity of the consumer basket are for the effective use of monetary instruments;
budget limitation of family farms; The influence of the duration (time) of the use of monetary instruments on monetary policy and the scientific condition of "rational expectation" and "asymmetric information acquisition" by households and business entities. Discussion of the impact of non-inclusive economic growth on the effectiveness of monetary instruments is opened. Finally, we conclude from the discussion that the mentioned economic aspects should be taken into account, including microeconomic ones, when using the monetary policy tools effectively.
Keywords: Inflation, Monetary policy, Interest rate, Macroeconomics.
Y AND Z GENERATIONS PREFERENCES FOR WORD-OF-MOUTH MARKETING
Authors: Teona Tavdishvili Teona Tavdishvili , Ekaterine Maglakelidze Ekaterine Maglakelidze
Published: March 2024

This article discusses the differences in generational preferences for word-of-mouth marketing. Differences between Generations Y and Z regarding different forms and sources of marketing are evaluated.
The research objective was to discuss and analyze the results of the social-media campaign achieved by the non-governmental organization “Safari” through the developed strategy in a specific reporting period in order
to find out whether the differences exist in the preferences of generation Y and Z for WOM marketing.
To meet the research objective, the complete process of Word-of-Mouth (WOM) marketing planning and implementation was identified, each component of the communication activities cycle has been studied and the
role of influencers in obtaining the desired responses from Gen Z toward the application “Safe YOU” has been evaluated. Applied method is the observation and content-analyses.
The findings reveal that Generation Y exhibits a notable inclination toward seeking information via recommendations and evaluations predominantly from various sources, including Facebook. Among the various tools used, including Facebook, photo and video content are the most effective. This reliance on input from strangers signifies an evolving trend in trust dynamics, emphasizing the significance of online credibility and collective feedback in their decision-making process.
In contrast, Generation Z demonstrates a marked preference for influence marketing, relying heavily on information sourced directly from influencers. Mirroring older generational behavior, Generation Z exhibits a parallel
dependence on social networks as a primary information conduit.
These findings underscore the importance of tailored marketing strategies that acknowledge and adapt to the unique preferences of each generation.
Keywords: Influence Marketing, Generation Y, Generation Z, Consumer preferences, Marketing Strategies
DEPOSIT INSURANCE SYSTEM IN GEORGIA AND WORLD TRENDS
Authors: DAVID RUSIA DAVID RUSIA
Published: March 2024

The deposit insurance system is one of the main challenges of Georgian Banking regulation, which serves as a safety pillow of financial stability. Over the past 5 years, Georgia has increased the minimum deposit insurance limit from 5,000 GEL to 15,000 GEL per bank in order to achieve greater stability in the financial market. Georgia has already made a decision to increase the limit to 30,000 GEL from January 1, 2024. We examined the impact of the deposit insurance system on the safety of customers of banking institutions by comparing the volume of
accounts/deposits protected by the system with existing practices in neighboring economies. We find that increasing attention to the importance of deposit insurance has led to an increase in the interest of foreign depositors and investors in placing funds in Georgian banks, which contributes to the improvement of international ratings and credit worthiness of Georgian banks.
Keywords: Deposit insurance, cost of deposit funding, resolution.
SOME ISSUES OF DETERMINING THE HYDRAULIC FRACTURE PRESSURE OF LAYERS IN DRILLING OIL AND GAS WELLS
Authors: Rafig Ibrahimov, Shirin Bakhshaliyeva Rafig Ibrahimov, Shirin Bakhshaliyeva , Nargiz Akhundova, Leyla Afandiyeva Nargiz Akhundova, Leyla Afandiyeva
Published: March 2024

The determining of the hydraulic fracturing pressure of formations in the drilling of oil and gas wells is considered. It should be noted that determining the hydraulic fracturing pressure is important in choosing the well structure, mainly in determining the length of the conductor and regulating their speed while performing technological processes. Mathematical and statistical analyzes of mining data are given in the article. According to the mentioned method, the value of the hydraulic fracking pressure of the stratigraphic sections and depths was determined for Kursangi, Bahar, Karabaghli, Muradkhanli and other fields. One of the main factors in the method proposed in the article is the study of the exact value of hydraulic fracturing pressure. Until now, the average value of the density of rock is taken empirically in some cases, regardless of the age of the section for the intended deposits. Currently, there are certain complications related to hydraulic fracturing of formations during drilling, which take a lot of time and money to eliminate. In the article, it was proposed to find the hydraulic fracturing pressure of the formation.
Keywords: well structure, hydraulic fracturing, hydrodynamic pressures, conductor, formation, drilling fluid.