bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Fiber Content in Fibrous Hemp Depending on Selected Agrotechnical Factors
Authors: Kryszak N. , Chudy M. , Konczewicz W. , Romanowska B. , Oleszak G.
Published: August 2017

Relationship between genotypes represented by two fibrous hemp varieties and some agrotechnical factors was investigated in the study. The aim of it was finding how selected factors (three sowing dates, two sowing densities and five harvest dates) influence on total fiber content using osmotic degumming of fibrous plants method for fiber content determination.

Results showed 34% higher fiber content for Beniko in comparison to Tygra. It was also shown that fiber content in plants was stronger correlated with harvest date than date of sowing and its density.
Does Illumination of Non-Mature Cereal Kernels During Drying Affect the Germination Ability?
Authors: Małuszyńska Elżbieta , Stefański Piotr , Matysik Przemysław , Nita Zygmunt , Rybka Krystyna
Published: August 2017

The principle of the market competitiveness of breeding companies implicates a fast production of new varieties. One way to achieve this goal brings single seed descent (SSD) methodology, which requires kernels collection (18-23 days after pollination), fast drying amd germination. Seed drying conditions influence the germination. In present work the influence of lightings: Sanyo LED and incandescent lamp vs. dark control during drying were studied. Kernels were harvested 18 and 23 days after pollination of wheat, triticale and barley cultivars grown in the same field experiment in 2015. It was found that:

the germination ability of non-mature kernels depends on all studied factors: lighting during drying, terms of harvesting and the interaction light * term;

non mature kernelsare more sensitive to drying conditions;

lighting during seeds drying can have a positive effect on ability to germination;

for breeding practice it would be better to harvest kernels at 23 DAF and dry them at room conditions under incandescent lamp.
Evaluation of Alkaline Compounds Used for Deacidification and Simultaneous Lining of Extremely Degraded Manuscripts
Authors: Sistach Maria , Marin Eva , Garcia Jose
Published: August 2017

Iron gall ink’s natural acidity promotes the degradation of manuscripts. This process mostly affects the areas containing ink, causing fragility of the paper carrier that limits its manipulation. The cellulosic material is modified by two chemical reactions, acidic hydrolysis and oxidation, both depending on the pH of the paper. This article explores the distribution of acidity in manuscripts and its link to iron gall ink corrosion and cellulose degradation. Subsequently, different treatment methods of deacidification, specifically designed for extremely degraded paper documents and sheets bound in volumes were tested. Documents were deacidified and at the same time mechanically supported, using an alkaline compound for deacidification that increases the pH to a range at which iron ion oxidation is decreased. Three alkaline compounds at different concentrations were evaluated: (1) calcium carbonate microparticles, (2) calcium hydroxide nanoparticles and (3) calcium propionate solution. The immediate and long-term effects after ten months of storage of these compounds on the increase of the pH of manuscripts are described in this study. All tested compounds were able to increase the pH and maintain it in the course of the observed period. Moreover, a lining with thin tissue and a mixture of 3 % gelatine dissolved in 60 % water and 40 % alcohol provides the consolidation required for manipulation of the manuscripts.
Lex Orandi – Lex Vivendi? Reflections on the Interaction between Gender Justice and Liturgy after Vatican II
Authors: Neulinger Michaela , Findl-Ludescher Anni
Published: August 2017

The article discusses the relation between liturgy, theology and social ethics, focusing particularly on gender justice and its representation in liturgy as the official worship of the Church. It argues that the way women are (not) represented within liturgy is an expression of problematic gender stereotypes which shape once more the faith and the social engagement of the Church and its believers.

First, the text contends that the Second Vatican Council acknowledged the implementation of gender justice as an important mission of the church. However, it is precisely the liturgy of the church that reveals a severe underrepresentation of women and highly problematic gender stereotypes, which is exemplarily illustrated by the saints remembered, the texts read and the way women are (not) allowed to preside over liturgical worship. Finally, possible paths towards a more inclusive liturgy, through the implementation of gender justice within the church and society will be presented.
The Increasing Social Relevance of the Catholic Liturgical and Theological Reform Regarding Judaism (Nostra aetate 4): an Orthodox Point of View
Authors: Ioniţă Alexandru
Published: August 2017

One of the smallest and most influential documents of Vatican II is the Nostra aetate
(declaration. The dynamic of the discussions as it was formulated and the subsequent arduous process of and reception application on local church level proved that the reconsideration of the attitude of the Roman-Catholic Church towards Judaism was concealing unforeseen consequences at the moment of the promulgation. Not only that Nostra aetate has been a turning point for the relationships between Catholicism and Judaism, but it has opened and encouraged – of course, along other documents of the council – a whole new perception of one another and of the ecumenical dialogue. The Jewish response to the 50 years Jubilee of Vatican II confirms the ultimately social relevance of the possible collaboration between Christians and Jews in ethical issues. This paper puts at the fore the Nostra aetate as example for the Orthodox Church as well, and draws attention to the many benefits that may follow such responses.
A Young Critic’s Venture: Michał Grabowski’s Thoughts on Polish Literature
Authors: Dymek Dominika
Published: August 2017

The paper devoted to Michał Grabowski’s Thoughts on Polish Literature (Myśli o literaturze polskiej, 1828) may be regarded as an invitation to a discussion about the factors that conditioned 19th-century critical thought. His attempt to produce an outline of Polish literature belongs to a specific cultural context and a singular moment of time while his manner of writing about Polish literature and poetry provides important information about that era. Grabowski’s critical activity encompassed the Age of Romanticism, so it may be concluded that the critic accompanied his era and reacted to its changes. The analysis of Grabowski’s critical method is part of a broader reflection on criticism. His work may be treated as a mirror of his day and age.
Mystical Experiences in the Fiction of Edward Stachura
Authors: Al-Araj Anna
Published: August 2017

This article examines some aspects of the fiction of Edward Stachura, especially those that lend to it an aura of mystery and unreality. It cannot be denied that some kind of mystical experience (usually wrapped up in borderline situations of death or extreme suffering) lies at heart of his novels and short stories, and remains the object of his unflagging explorations. His fascination with the strange and elusive realms of human experiences can be traced back to his debut novel, All the Brilliance (Ca a jaskrawość). It grew more intense each year to reach its climax in 1977–1979, the time he wrote a collection of short stories Self (Się) and a loose collection of philosophical musings Fabula rasa. These three books seem to be most representative for the evolution of Stachura’s attitude towards ‘the beyond’. Moreover, they provide the best insights into Stachura’s mind, as revealed through his fictional alter egos Edmund Szerucki, Michał Kątny, I-Man and Man-Nobody.
Rings of a Poem – Rings of Interpretation: The Cooper’s Daughter by Ludmiła Marjańska
Authors: Grądziel-Wójcik Joanna
Published: August 2017

This article presents an interpretation of the title poem of The Cooper’s Daughter (2002), Ludmiła Marjańska’s penultimate volume of funeral, senile and feminist verse. ‘The cooper’s daughter’ stands out from Marjańska’s other lyrics by dint of its well-ordered rhythmic structure and its wealth of symbolic signs, placing it firmly in a broad anthropological and cultural context. It’s a dancing poem, re-enacting the mystery of life and death; its analysis opens a perspective on the whole of Marjańska’s work and provides the tools for a reconstruction of her truly original and disturbing ‘metaphysical project’.
Preface. Philosophy and History of Talmudic Logic
Authors: Schumann Andrew
Published: August 2017

This volume contains the papers presented at the Philosophy and History of Talmudic Logic Affiliated Workshop of Krakow Conference on History of Logic (KHL2016), held on October 27, 2016, in Krakow, Poland.
Medieval Judaic Logic and the Scholastic One in the 14th – 15th Centuries Provence and Italy: a Comparison of the Logical Works by Rav Hezekiah bar Halafta (First Half of the 14th Century) and Rav Judah Messer Leon (Second Half of the 15th Century)
Authors: Zonta Mauro
Published: August 2017

Hezekiah bar Halafta and Judah Messer Leon, who wrote in 14th – 15th century in Provence and Italy, were the first and last of “Jewish Schoolman.” This short article compares two texts, in order to showing differences and similarities.
Connecting Sacred and Mundane: From Bilingualism to Hermeneutics in Hebrew Epitaphs
Authors: Nosonovsky Michael
Published: August 2017

Gravestones with Hebrew inscriptions are the most common class of Jewish monuments still present in such regions as Ukraine or Belarus. Epitaphs are related to various Biblical, Rabbinical, and liturgical texts. Despite that, the genre of Hebrew epitaphs seldom becomes an object of cultural or literary studies. In this paper, I show that a function of Hebrew epitaphs is to connect the ideal world of Hebrew sacred texts to the world of everyday life of a Jewish community. This is achieved at several levels. First, the necessary elements of an epitaph – name, date, and location marker – place the deceased person into a specific absolute context. Second, the epitaphs quote Biblical verses with the name of the person thus stressing his/her similarity to a Biblical character. Third, there is Hebrew/Yiddish orthography code-switching between the concepts found in the sacred books and those from the everyday world. Fourth, the epitaphs occupy an intermediate position between the professional and folk literature. Fifth, the epitaphs are also in between the canonical and folk religion. I analyze complex hermeneutic mechanisms of indirect quotations in the epitaphs and show that the methods of actualization of the sacred texts are similar to those of the Rabbinical literature. Furthermore, the dichotomy between the sacred and profane in the epitaphs is based upon the Rabbinical concept of the ‘Internal Jewish Bilingualism’ (Hebrew/Aramaic or Hebrew/Yiddish), which is parallel to the juxtaposition of the Written and Oral Torah.
Probabilistic Foundations of Rabbinic Methods for Resolving Uncertainty
Authors: Koppel Moshe
Published: August 2017

We consider several fundamental principles of rabbinic approaches to handling uncertainty for legal purposes. We find that non-numerical versions of ideas subsequently developed in the literature on interpretations of probabilistic statements are useful for explicating these rabbinic principles.
Environmental risk assessment as a new basis for evaluation of soil contamination in Polish law
Authors: Karczewska Anna , Kabała Cezary
Published: August 2017

This paper discusses new regulations on the assessment of soil contamination and the principle rules for remediation of contaminated sites included in the Environmental Protection Act, amended in 2014., as well as in related implementing legislation of 2016. In place of soil quality standards and the requirement to bring soil to the state that meets the standards, the new rules of contamination assessment and new remediation criteria have been introduced, based on environmental risk assessment. Similar rules are becoming increasingly common in many countries. This article provides general knowledge on the principles for the assessment of environmental risks associated with soil contamination, taking into account its two fundamental aspects: human health risk and environmental risk. On this background, the paper presents the principles of the assessment on soil contamination contained in the Regulation 1395 (2016) of the Minister of the Environment, as well as the rules for the choice of remediation method and design of remedial actions that should be basically aimed to eliminate the risk to human health and the environment.
The effect of municipal sewage sludge on the content, use and mass ratios of some elements in spring barley biomass
Authors: Kępka Wojciech , Antonkiewicz Jacek , Gambuś Florian , Witkowicz Robert
Published: August 2017

Municipal sewage sludge contains considerable amounts of macro and microelements essential for plant nutrition. With decreasing use of natural and organic fertilizers, there is a need to search for alternative sources of organic matter (which is a substrate for humus reproduction). In a field experiment carried out on heavy soil with neutral reaction, the effect of single application of municipal sewage sludge in a dose of 5.34 Mg·ha−1 DM was compared to an equivalent dose of mineral fertilizers. The test plant was spring barley. After application of municipal sewage sludge, slight positive changes in the chemical properties of the soil were observed. The sewage sludge increased the yield of spring barley grain and straw by, respectively, 14 and 13% in relation to treatment with mineral fertilization. Spring barley fertilized with sewage sludge contained more elements than barley grown only on mineral fertilizers. It was shown that application of municipal sewage sludge to the soil had a significant effect on increase in nutrient uptake by spring barley. Fe was taken up in the highest amount, followed by Al and Mn, and Co was taken up in the smallest amounts. Utilization of Fe, Mn, Co and Al from sewage sludge by spring barley was at 6.0, 4.7, 0.7 and 0.7%, respectively of the amount applied to the soil with this waste. The mass ratios (Fe:Mn, Fe:Al, Mn:Co) analyzed in spring barley biomass were much wider in straw than in grain. In terms of grain feed value, Fe:Mn ratio in grain and straw was greater than optimum.
The Sea of Marmara: New Locality for Lepeophtheirus europaensis Zedam, Berrebi, Renaud, Raibaut and Gabrion, 1988 (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Caligidae) from Turkey
Authors: Alaş Ali , Öktener Ahmet , Türker Dilek
Published: August 2017

Lepeophtheirus europaensis Zeddam, Berrebi, Renaud, Raibaut and Gabrion, 1988 (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Caligidae) an ectoparasite of flatfishes, was reported for the first time in the Sea of Marmara Coasts.

Some morphological characters of this parasitic copepod are given using original photographs and drawings. The general morphology, the mouth parts (antenna, mandible, maxillule, maxilla, and maxilliped), the outgrowth developed between the post-antennary process and the antenna, the setal and spinal formula from first leg to fourth leg in this study are compatible according to the specific literature.
Fish Composition and Diversity in Perak, Galas and Kelantan Rivers (Malaysia) after the Major Flood of 2014
Authors: Mohamad Radhi Amonodin , Rohasliney Hashim , Zarul Hazrin
Published: August 2017

Fish from three major rivers, namely the Kelantan River (KR) and the Galas River (GR) in Kelantan, and the Perak River (PR) in Perak, Malaysia, were caught using gill nets with different mesh sizes, cast nets, and the electroshock method. There were 14 fishes representing five families and five fish species were collected from the Kelantan systems in February 2015. While the Galas system holds more fish, 48 individual fishes comprising of four families and 10 fish species were found there. A total of 213 fish specimens representing 10 families and 22 species were captured in PR in May 2015. For diversity index, PR had the highest value due to the catchment area and the environmental condition: Shannon-Weiner index (H’) (2.54), Species Evenness (J’) (0.73) and Simpson’s Dominance (D’) (8.93), compared to GR (H’) (2.09) (J’) (0.603) (D’) (6.52) and KR (H’) (1.62) (J’) (0.47) (D’) (5.62).
Fish Fauna Status of the Natura 2000 Sites Proposed as New or for Extension in the Rivers Someș and Mureș (Romania)
Authors: Năstase Aurel , Oţel Vasile
Published: August 2017

In autumn 2015 the fish fauna of river watersheds from six sites of community interest (SCI) Natura 2000 were investigated as follows: river Mureș (two SCIs) and Someș River in four SCIs from Someșul Mic, Someșul Mare and Someș. The researches were focused on the fish species of community interest (Annex II of Habitats Directive), its position in the ichthyocoenose (fish species richness, abundance and ecological parameters) and anthropogenic pressure. In investigated SCIs rivers researchers found 27 fish species including 11 species of community interest. IBI index shows moderate to good, or excellent levels of the evaluation integrity degree in fish fauna ecosystems.
Acute Toxicity of Butachlor toRutilus rutilus caspicusandSander luciopercain Vivo Condition
Authors: Forouhar Vajargah Mohammad , Hedayati Aliakbar
Published: August 2017

Herbicides are used to control weeds and are usually targeted to sites that are specific to plants. Butachlor is an herbicide of the acetanilide class, which is widely used in agricultural fields. At the present study, lethal concentration (LC50) of butachlor was calculated forRutilus rutilus caspicusandSander luciopercawith a mean weight of 4 ± 1 g (mean ± SD). Our results indicated that LC50 96 h butachlor forR. rutilus caspicusandS. luciopercawere 0.342 and 0.760 ppm respectively. These findings suggest that butachlor is moderately toxic and moderately irritating for these two species. Clinical symptoms included irregular protrusion of the eyes and irregular swimming.
Thermocyclic Boroaluminizing of Low Carbon Steels in Pastes
Authors: Mishigdorzhiyn U. , Polyansky I. , Sizov I. , Vetter B. , Schlieter A. , Heinze S. , Leyens C.
Published: August 2017

This paper studied isothermal and thermocyclic boroaluminizing in pastes on low carbon steels (0.2 wt.% carbon) through Thermodynamic evaluation of potential reactions in Boron Carbide and aluminum saturating pastes. The microstructure, microhardness, elemental, and phase composition of the boroaluminized layer were examined. Oxidation resistance tests of boroaluminized steels, and correlation between paste composition and structure of the layers obtained was carried out. It was found that the combination of chemical and thermocyclic treatments favorably affects the formation of the boroaluminized layer coated in pastes. In particular, it provided higher aluminum content in the diffusion layer, which lead to higher oxidation resistance at high temperatures. It also is established that thermocyclic processing contributes to structure refinement of the substrate material, which has a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the base metal.
Study of Surface Properties of Plasma Nitrided Ferritic Stainless Steel 430L
Authors: Gautam D. , Ganguli B. , Sharma S.
Published: August 2017

Glow discharge plasma nitriding has been carried out on AISI 430L steel samples by varying mixture ratios of hydrogen to nitrogen (from 1∶4 to 4∶1) and process temperature (500°C–550°C). The treated samples were characterized using micro-hardness tester, X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the hardness has increased by a factor ranging from 4.79 to 5.71. The maximum hardness has been obtained for the case of process temperature 550°C, mixture ratio N2∶H2 = 1∶4, while the least hardness increase was seen for process temperature of 525°C, N2∶H2 = 4∶1. Case depth was also measured using an optical microscope. It ranged from 69 to 78 μm; minimum for process temperature 525°C, N2∶H2 = 4∶1, and maximum for process temperature 550°C, N2:H2 = 1∶4, respectively. XRD analysis showed the presence of Fe3 N, Fe4 N, and CrN when nitrogen was more than hydrogen, but only CrN were present when hydrogen was more than nitrogen in the gas mixture. The treated samples were also tested for dry wear using a pin-on-disk wear tester. The results show that weight loss of the untreated sample is from 3.8 to 5.7 times compared to treated samples under an applied load of 5 N and sliding distance of 25.4 km. The least weight loss was observed for process temperature of 550°C, mixture ratio N2∶H2 = 1∶4, and maximum weight loss was measured for process temperature of 525°C, mixture ratio N2∶H2 = 4∶1. SEM images show clear wear tracks for the untreated sample as compared to those that are barely visible for the treated samples.
A Study on Boronizing Kinetics of an Interstitial-Free Steel
Authors: Erdem Şeşen F. , Serdar Özgen Ö. , Kelami Şeşen M.
Published: August 2017

Boronizing (boron diffusion) is an important surface modification treatment applied to improve surface properties of metals, especially steels. An interstitial-free (IF) steel was boronized in this study. Boronizing was carried out electrothermochemically at 900, 960, and 1020°C temperatures by applying an electric current at 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, and 0.40 A/cm2 current densities for 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 min in a salt bath containing 100 % Na2B4O7. The microstructures of the generated boride layers were investigated by utilizing an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer, while the phase analyses were carried out using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Thickness of the boride layers was measured visually on the micrographs that were taken during the microstructural investigations. Square thickness of boride layer versus time was derived for selected temperature-current density parameters. Coefficient of diffusion was calculated for the experimental conditions by applying the related equation. Change of coefficient of diffusion with temperature was presented in a diagram for given current density values; by using the slope of the line in this diagram, diffusion activation energy was evaluated to be between 80.70 and 100.16 kJ per mole depending on the current density applied during boronizing.
Characterization and Wear Performance of Borided AISI 304 and UNS S31254 Stainless Steels
Authors: Mariani F. E. , Aureliano R. T. , Casteletti L. C. , Lombardi A. N. , Totten G. E.
Published: August 2017

Austenitic stainless steels form the largest family of alloys in terms of number and applications. They are characterized by having good toughness, weldability, cold formability, and corrosion resistance in various situations. However, because they cannot harden by heat treatment, they exhibit low wear resistance. Suitable coatings can increase their wear resistance and expand their usability range. Boride coatings, with their high hardness and wear resistance are a good candidate for this purpose. In this work, samples of stainless steels, AISI 304 and UNS S31254, were subjected to liquid boriding at 950°C for 2 and 4 h. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Vickers hardness tests were performed, along with tests for micro-adhesive wear (fixed-ball type). The boriding treatment resulted in the formation of layers with high hardness, in the range of 1800 to 2000 HV, which is typical for boride layers. Micro-adhesive wear tests demonstrated the great increase in wear resistance obtained through this treatment.
Hard Surface Layers by Pack Boriding and Gaseous Thermo-Reactive Deposition and Diffusion Treatments
Authors: Christiansen T. L. , Bottoli F. , Dahl K. V. , Gammeltoft-Hansen N. B. , Laursen M. B. , Somers M. A. J.
Published: August 2017

Thermo-reactive deposition and diffusion (TRD) and boriding are thermochemical processes that result in very high surface hardness by conversion of the surface into carbides/nitrides and borides, respectively. These treatments offer significant advantages in terms of hardness, adhesion, tribo-oxidation, and high wear resistance compared to other conventional surface hardening treatments. In this work, 4 different materials, ARMCO, AISI 409, Uddeholm ARNE® (AISI O1 equivalent), and VANADIS® 6 PM steel representing different classes of alloys, i.e., pure iron, stainless steel, and tool steels, were subjected to TRD (chromizing and titanizing) and boriding treatments. For the steels with low carbon content, chromizing results in surface alloying with chromium, i.e., formation of a (soft) “stainless” surface zone. Steels containing higher levels of carbon form chromium carbide (viz. Cr23C6, Cr7C3) layers with hardnesses up to 1800 HV. Titanizing of ARNE tool steel results in a surface layer consisting of TiC with a hardness of approximately 4000 HV. Duplex treatments, where boriding is combined with subsequent (TRD) titanizing, result in formation of hard TiB2 on top of a thick layer of Fe-based borides. The obtained surface layers were characterized with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, reflected light microscopy, and micro-indentation.
Differences in miRNA expression profiles between wild-type and mutated NIFTPs
Authors: Denaro Maria , Ugolini Clara , Poma Anello Marcello , Borrelli Nicla , Materazzi Gabriele , Piaggi Paolo , Chiarugi Massimo , Miccoli Paolo , Vitti Paolo , Basolo Fulvio
Published: August 2017

Noninvasive encapsulated follicular variants of papillary thyroid carcinomas have been recently reclassified as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTPs). NIFTPs exhibit a behavior that is very close to that of follicular adenomas but different from the infiltrative and invasive follicular variants of papillary thyroid carcinomas (FVPTCs). The importance of miRNAs to carcinogenesis has been reported in recent years. miRNAs seem to be promising diagnostic and prognostic molecular markers for thyroid cancer, and the combination of miRNA expression and mutational status might improve cytological diagnosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the miRNA expression profile in wild-type, RAS- or BRAF-mutated NIFTPs, infiltrative and invasive FVPTCs, and follicular adenomas using the nCounter miRNA Expression assay (NanoString Technologies). To identify the significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) molecular pathways associated with deregulated miRNAs, we used the union of pathways option in DNA Intelligent Analysis (DIANA) miRPath software. We have shown that the miRNA expression profiles of wild-type and mutated NIFTPs could be different. The expression profile of wild-type NIFTPs seems comparable to that of follicular adenomas, whereas mutated NIFTPs have an expression profile similar to that of infiltrative and invasive FVPTCs. The upregulation of 4 miRNAs (miR-221-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-222-3p, miR-146b-5p) and the downregulation of 8 miRNAs (miR-181a-3p, miR-28-5p, miR-363-3p, miR-342-3p, miR-1285-5p, miR-152-3p, miR-25-3p, miR-30e-3) in mutated NIFTPs compared to wild-type ones suggest a potential invasive-like phenotype by deregulating the specific pathways involved in cell adhesion and cell migration (Hippo signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, adherens junction, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism).
Reliability of Examination Findings in Suspected Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Florin Todd A. , Ambroggio Lilliam , Brokamp Cole , Rattan Mantosh S. , Crotty Eric J. , Kachelmeyer Andrea , Ruddy Richard M. , Shah Samir S.
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND:

The authors of national guidelines emphasize the use of history and examination findings to diagnose community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in outpatient children. Little is known about the interrater reliability of the physical examination in children with suspected CAP.

METHODS:

This was a prospective cohort study of children with suspected CAP presenting to a pediatric emergency department from July 2013 to May 2016. Children aged 3 months to 18 years with lower respiratory signs or symptoms who received a chest radiograph were included. We excluded children hospitalized ≤14 days before the study visit and those with a chronic medical condition or aspiration. Two clinicians performed independent examinations and completed identical forms reporting examination findings. Interrater reliability for each finding was reported by using Fleiss’ kappa (κ) for categorical variables and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for continuous variables.

RESULTS:

No examination finding had substantial agreement (κ/ICC > 0.8). Two findings (retractions, wheezing) had moderate to substantial agreement (κ/ICC = 0.6–0.8). Nine findings (abdominal pain, pleuritic pain, nasal flaring, skin color, overall impression, cool extremities, tachypnea, respiratory rate, and crackles/rales) had fair to moderate agreement (κ/ICC = 0.4–0.6). Eight findings (capillary refill time, cough, rhonchi, head bobbing, behavior, grunting, general appearance, and decreased breath sounds) had poor to fair reliability (κ/ICC = 0–0.4). Only 3 examination findings had acceptable agreement, with the lower 95% confidence limit >0.4: wheezing, retractions, and respiratory rate.

CONCLUSIONS:

In this study, we found fair to moderate reliability of many findings used to diagnose CAP. Only 3 findings had acceptable levels of reliability. These findings must be considered in the clinical management and research of pediatric CAP.
Bicultivo de cachama blanca Piaractus brachypomus y tilapia nilótica Oreochromis niloticus en biofloc alimentadas con dietas de origen vegetal
Authors: Brú-Cordero Samir Benicio , Pertúz-Buelvas Vicente , Ayazo-Genes Julia , Atencio-García Victor Julio , Pardo-Carrasco Sandra
Published: August 2017

The productive performance of cachama and nile tilapia reared in biofloc and fed diets of vegetal origin was evaluated. In 1000L tanks with permanent aeration, were placed80 fish/m3, in a ratio 1:1 (cachama : tilapia); fish were fed with three levels of crude protein (CP): 16% (T16), 24% (T24) and 32% (T32) for 120 days. Parameters of growth, yield, water quality, production costs and proximal analysis of the flocs were estimated. Dissolved oxygen showed saturation above 100% and nitrogen compounds (NO2 = 0.4-0.5 mg/l, NO3 = 0.4-0.5 mg/l, NH3 = 0.2-0.3 mg/l, TAN = 2.2-2.4 mg/l)showed no statistical difference between treatments (P > 0.05). The final weight of the cachama (173.5-196.2 g) were between two and four times those obtained by tilapia(43.0-87.9 g). The tilapia recorded a better daily gain of weight in T24 (0.7 g/day); while the cachama ranged between 1.2-1.3 g/day, with no significant difference between these values (P > 0.05). The best bi-culture yield was obtained in T24 diet (11.4 ± 1.3 kg/m3), which also recorded the lowest FCA (0.9 ± 0.3). To produce one kilogram of fish cost between COP$3.148 (T24) and COP$4.445 (T32); of which the food represented between 49.2% (T16) and 63.3% (T32) and energy between 10.3% (T32) and 14.2%(T16) of total costs. Proximal analysis of the flocs recorded crude protein levels suitable(29-36% PB) for cachama and tilapia; but with low lipid levels (< 1.0%). The productive performance and the production costs allow to suggest the viability of the biofloc system for the production of fish meat with 24% CP diet of vegetal origin.
ESTIMATES OF MASS AND ENERGY OF DIFFERENT GENETIC MATERIAL EUCALYPTUS
Authors: Magalhães Mateus Alves de , Carneiro Angélica de Cássia Oliveira , Vital Benedito Rocha , Silva Carlos Miguel Simões da , Souza Marina Moura de , Fialho Lucas de Freitas
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT The use of forest biomass or its derived charcoal as firewood can generate environmental and economic advantages for the Brazilian energy matrix. In this context, the main objective was to evaluate the energy potential of certain eucalyptus genetic materials, which are used by the charcoal production sector. We have evaluated six materials of Eucalyptus ssp. at the age of seven years from commercial plantations, spaced 3 x 3m, grown in the Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha, in Minas Gerais. Based on the production data, the average annual increment and the physical and chemical analyzes of the wood and the charcoal produced with it, we have estimated parameters to compare the potential of each genetic material, such as mass and energy of wood and charcoal per hectare, as well as the energy density. The results show that a material of Eucalyptus urophylla has greater energetic potential in relation to the others because it presents higher energy/ hectare estimated for its wood and consequently for charcoal produced with it. However, a material of Eucalyptus cloeziana presented a higher energetic density of the wood and its charcoal, showing advantages mainly in the transport.
STORAGE TIME EFFECT ON MINI-CUTTINGS ROOTING IN Tectona grandis LINN F. CLONES
Authors: Badilla Yorleny , Xavier Aloisio , Gamboa Olman Murillo
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate the influence of storage length on Tectona grandis mini-cuttings survival and rooting. A factorial arrangement (4 x 7) was utilized, based on four clones (Carapá, Ipê, GU5 and TB7) and seven time intervals from mini-cuttings harvesting until final sowing (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 hours). A randomized block design with three replicates and 16 mini-cuttings per experimental unit was utilized. Survival and rooting rates were evaluated after greenhouse culture (30 days after sowing) and after shadow house culture (40 days after sowing); as well as height, collar diameter, aerial and root biomass 55 days after sowing. No significant differences were observed in survival and rooting rates among time intervals in teak mini-cuttings preparation from these four clones. However differences among clones were registered for rooting rate, suggesting a genotypic effect. Survival and rooting rates were very high after greenhouse culture (93% and 90% respectively), as well as survival after culture in a shadow-house (88%).
FLORISTIC-STRUCTURAL VARIATION OF NATURAL REGENERATION ALONG DIFFERENT TOPOGRAPHIC POSITIONS OF AN ECOTONAL FOREST IN SANTA CATARINA, BRAZIL
Authors: Souza Chayane Cristina de , Higuchi Pedro , Silva Ana Carolina da , Souza Karine , Rosa Angélica Dalla , Rech Carla Carolina Chini , Rodrigues Junior Luiz Carlos , Walter Felipe Fornara
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT Studies on the natural regeneration of tree species communities are important for providing information on forest development capacity. This research aimed to evaluate the floristic-structural variations of the tree regenerative component along a topographic gradient in an ecotonal area between a Mixed Ombrophilous Forest and a Deciduous Seasonal Forest of Santa Catarina, Brazil. 30 sampling units of which all regenerating tree species individuals have been identified were allocated in the forest fragment. The sampling units were then distributed along a topographic gradient into lower, intermediate and upper sectors. Abundance, richness, Shannon's diversity index (H') and Pielou's evenness index (J) have been determined for both the whole community as for each sector. The community floristic-structural organization was verified by the means of the non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), the indicator species analysis and the permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA). Abundance differences among sectors were analyzed through the Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc multiple nonparametric test while richness differences were verified through rarefaction. Regenerating individuals density in the upper sector [129 (21.300 ind.ha-1)] was lower than both in the lower [401 (63.800 ind.ha-1)] and intermediary [241 (36.300 ind.ha-1)] sectors. There was variation in the floristic-structural composition (p < 0.001) among topographic positions; the lower sector was the most distinct one and showed the highest number of indicator species.
Dripper testing: Application of statistical quality control for measurement system analysis
Authors: Rocha Hermes S. da , Marques Patricia A. A. , Camargo Antonio P. de , Reis Douglas L. dos , Silva Eric A. da , Frizzone José A.
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT Laboratory tests for technical evaluation or irrigation material testing involve the measurement of many variables, as well as monitoring and control of test conditions. This study, carried out in 2016, aimed at using statistical quality control techniques to evaluate results of dripper tests. Exponentially weighted moving average control charts were elaborated, besides capability indices for the measurement of the test pressure and water temperature; and study on repeatability and reproducibility (Gage RR) of flow measurement system using 10 replicates, in three work shifts (morning, afternoon and evening), with 25 emitters. Both the test pressure and water temperature remained stable, with “excellent” performance for the pressure adjustment process by integrative-derivative proportional controller. The variability between emitters was the component with highest contribution to the total variance of the flow measurements, with 96.77% of the total variance due to the variability between parts. The measurement system was classified as “acceptable” or “approved” by the Gage RR study; and non-random causes of significant variability were not identified in the routine of tests.
Methodology for designing lateral lines with microtubes operated under variable inlet pressure
Authors: Katsurayama Geancarlo T. , Saretta Ezequiel , Camargo Antonio P. de , Botrel Tarlei A. , Salvador Conan A.
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT Design of lateral lines consisting of microtubes enables to optimize water distribution uniformity. In addition, there must exist a range of pressures at the lateral line inlet in which the water distribution uniformity remains acceptable. Thus, such emitters are interesting for use in micro-irrigation systems supplied by alternative power sources, in which temporal variability in the electrical power supplied to the pumping systems normally occurs. This study presents a methodology for designing lateral lines with microtubes operated under varying pressure, using the step-by-step method in order to establish the recommended range of lateral line inlet pressures. The proposed methodology was validated over three replicates by testing maximum, minimum and optimum pressures. Deviation between estimated and observed values of flow rate was lower than 6%, indicating a satisfactory accuracy. Distribution uniformity of the system was higher than 95% under all pressures within the estimated range of values. Lateral lines can operate within a wide range of operating pressures and even so satisfactory results of distribution uniformity are obtained.
Potassium fertilization in the cultivation of colored cotton irrigated with saline water
Authors: Silva André A. R. da , Lima Geovani S. de , Azevedo Carlos A. V. de , Soares Lauriane A. dos A. , Gheyi Hans R. , Oliveira Raucha C. de
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate growth, flowering and production components of the cotton cv. ‘BRS Topázio’ irrigated with water of different salinity levels and potassium (K) doses in the soil. The research was conducted in a greenhouse. The experiment was set in a randomized complete block design with four replicates, in 4 x 4 factorial arrangement with 4 levels of irrigation water salinity (1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1) and four K doses (50, 75, 100 and 125% of the recommendation); the dose of 100% corresponded to 150 mg K2O kg-1 of soil. Irrigation water salinity reduced stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves and leaf area of the cotton cv. ‘BRS Topázio’. Leaf area at 53 DAS was the most affected variable. The highest K dose associated with increased salinity of the irrigation water caused a more deleterious effect on the number of leaves and leaf area at 108 DAS. Progressive increases in irrigation water salinity proportionally increased flower abortion rate and, consequently, reduced the total number of bolls and seed weight of cotton.
Stability of ‘mangaba’ pulp powder obtained by freeze drying
Authors: Conegero Juliana , Ribeiro Luciana C. , Costa José M. C. da , Monteiro Antonio R. G.
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT This work examined the stability of lyophilized ‘mangaba’ pulp powder, rolled and packaged in plastic containers, with and without vacuum during 90 days of storage under room temperature, with evaluation of the parameters every 15 days. Analyses of ascorbic acid concentration, pH, color and water activity were carried out. It was found that ascorbic acid remained in accordance with the standards specified for daily consumption according to the Brazilian legislation in all analyzed packages, with preservation of stability in the laminated package with vacuum, which was also effective in maintaining water activity, which contributes to better stability of the product.
Effect of different conductor tubes on the longitudinal distribution of corn seeds
Authors: Carpes Dauto P. , Alonço Airton dos S. , Rossato Fernando P. , Veit André A. , Souza Lucas B. de , Francetto Tiago R.
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT The correct longitudinal distribution of seeds by the seeder machine is one of the features that most contributes to obtain an adequate plant stand and good crop yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal distribution of corn seeds by seed conductor tube types, combined with a horizontal perforated disc and a pneumatic meter, altering the seeding density rate. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory using a seed meter test bench. Treatments were a combination of two seed meters, six conductor tubes and four peripheral speeds for the meter disc, corresponding to densities of 60, 70, 80 and 90 thousand corn seeds per hectare and were organized in a three-factor scheme with four repetitions. By increasing the seeding rate into the same ground speed, there was a reduction in the percentage of acceptable spacing, this effect being more pronounced when conductor tubes with a small diameter and straight profile were used.
Supporting health-related parenting: A scoping review of programs assisted by the Internet and related technologies
Authors: BARROS Luísa , GREFFIN Klara
Published: August 2017

Abstract eHealth interventions have been proposed as a possible solution to overcome major obstacles associated with low adherence rates, low accessibility, and high costs of parenting programs. Due to the number and variety of interventions found in the literature, this study aimed to conduct a scoping review of parenting interventions directed at supporting parents in promoting their child’s health and carrying out disease-related tasks. The scoping review identified 119 technology-based programs directed both at universal, preventive objectives and at the management and adaptation to chronic or severe acute health conditions. Several different web-based applications have been creatively used in healthrelated parenting interventions. Most programs use evidence-based psychological methodologies to promote parental self-management, build specific parenting skills, and provide customized feedback and social support. Further studies are needed to assess the contribution of the Internet and mobile applications to enhance the effectiveness of health-related parenting interventions and the dissemination of empirically validated programs.
Relações de amizade e autoconceito na adolescência: um estudo exploratório em contexto escolar
Authors: CARVALHO Renato Gomes , FERNANDES Eduardo , CÂMARA Joana , GONÇALVES José Alberto , ROSÁRIO João , FREITAS Sandra , CARVALHO Sandra
Published: August 2017

Resumo No presente estudo, analisou-se a relação entre a qualidade das relações de amizade e as autoperceções dos adolescentes, expressas no seu autoconceito. A amostra foi constituída por 65 estudantes portugueses, com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 16 anos (M = 14). Os instrumentos foram o Questionário de Qualidade da Amizade e a versão portuguesa do Perfil de Autoperceção da Escala de Autoconceito para Adolescentes. Através de análises correlacionais, verificou-se uma relação entre a qualidade das relações de amizade e o autoconceito, sendo a dimensão companheirismo e recreação preditora do autoconceito global. Verificou-se, ainda, a ausência de um efeito de gênero na qualidade reportada das relações de amizade. Pelo contrário, ocorreu um efeito moderado do gênero no autoconceito, nomeadamente nas dimensões competência escolar, competência atlética, aparência física e autoestima, com o gênero masculino apresentando resultados médios superiores. Os resultados foram discutidos tendo em conta a importância das relações sociais para o desenvolvimento na adolescência.
La transformación de la universidad y los dispositivos de cuantificación
Authors: FARDELLA-CISTERNAS Carla , SISTO CAMPOS Vicente , JIMÉNEZ VARGAS Felipe
Published: August 2017

Resumen Las políticas de Educación Superior en Chile les demandan a las Universidades la instalación de dispositivos de gestión orientados a organizar, cuantificar y monitorear el trabajo académico. Pensando en las implicaciones del uso de estos dispositivos de gestión, este trabajo presenta los resultados de un análisis discursivo de 95 documentos de trabajo (Reglamentos, Bases de concurso, Formularios de acreditación) para conocer las interpelaciones que realiza a la labor universitaria. Mediante el método de análisis de discurso, se caracteriza la actuación de los documentos oficiales que regulan y transforman el trabajo académico. El estudio realizado evidencia que los dispositivos de gestión del Trabajo académico performan el trabajo mediante acciones tales como: establecer jerarquías entre las múltiples tareas de un académico y entre académicos, mediante criterios que no han sido discutidos por la comunidad profesional; objetivar procesos laborales y asumir consensos en torno a ello, desconociendo disputas y desacuerdos actuales; omitir el contexto de producción académica, construyendo una imagen del trabajo como proceso individual; y finalmente instando relaciones laborales individualizadas y competitivas.
O debate sobre direitos linguísticos e o lugar do linguista na luta dos sujeitos falantes de línguas minorizadas: quem são os protagonistas?
Authors: Silva Julia Izabelle da
Published: August 2017

RESUMO Neste artigo, buscamos promover o debate teórico acerca dos direitos linguísticos e, ao mesmo tempo, problematizar o lugar do linguista nos processos de luta protagonizados pelos sujeitos falantes de línguas historicamente minorizadas. Para isso, apresentamos os argumentos dos autores que defendem os direitos linguísticos de minorias linguísticas e seus pressupostos teóricos, assim como as recentes críticas que têm sido feitas a tal paradigma, de modo a incitar uma reflexão sobre nossas práticas e posicionamentos enquanto teóricos da linguagem que falam de um lugar privilegiado. Concluímos que, no que concerne aos direitos linguísticos e às políticas linguísticas neles implicadas, os próprios sujeitos falantes das línguas minorizadas é que devem protagonizar tais debates, cabendo a nós, intelectuais acadêmicos, o papel de garantir espaços e condições para que a voz desses sujeitos seja ouvida.