bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN KULIT BUAH KAKAO DAN KULIT BUAH PISANG YANG DIFERMENTASI BERBAGAI BIOAKTIVATOR TERHADAP PERFORMANS KAMBING KACANG JANTAN LEPAS SAPIH
Authors: Oswald Agasy  , Tri Hesti Wahyuni  , Armyn Hakim Daulay
Published: October 2021

Pemanfaatan kulit buah kakao dan kulit buah pisang sebagai pakan ternak dapat dimaksimalkanmelalui proses fermentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan kulit buah kakaodan kulit buah pisang yang difermentasi terhadap performans kambing kacang jantan lepas sapih. Penelitiandilaksanakan di Laboratorium Biologi Ternak Program Studi Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, UniversitasSumatera Utara selama 3 bulan, dimulai bulan September 2014-November 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20ekor kambing kacang jantan lepas sapih dengan bobot awal 10,47±0,28 kg dan rancangan yang digunakanadalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas ransumkomplit yang mengandung 20 % kulit buah kakao + 30 % kulit buah pisang tanpa fermentasi (P0), Ransumkomplit yang difermentasi MOL (P1), Ransum komplit mengandung yang difermentasi isolat bakteri rumenkerbau (P2), Ransum komplit yang di fermentasi starbio (P3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Rataan darimasing-masing perlakuan yaitu, P0, P1, P2, dan P3 berturut-turut untuk rataan konsumsi pakan adalah 2844,63;241,61; 2420,72; dan 2641,93 g/ekor/minggu, rataan pertambahan bobot badan adalah 333,67; 311,67; 289,17;dan 389,17 g/ekor/minggu dan rataan konversi pakan adalah 7,53; 9,67; 6,06; dan 6,68. Kambing kacang yangdiberi perlakuan menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak nyata terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badandan konversi pakan (P>0,05). Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa penggunaan berbagaibioaktivator dalam fermentasi kulit buah kakao dan kulit buah pisang dapat digunakan sebagai pakan kambingkacang jantan lepas sapih.
ANALISIS POTENSI SUMBERDAYA PETERNAK UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN INTEGRASI SAPI POTONG DAN TANAMAN PANGAN
Authors: Agustina Abdullah
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi sumberdaya yang dimiliki peternak yaitusumberdaya ternak dan tanaman pangan dalam mendukung prospek pengembangan integrasi sapi potong dantanaman pangan di pedesaan. Data yang dikumpulkan terkait dengan karakteristik peternak, karakteristikkepemilikan ternak dianalisis secara deskriptif. Untuk menganalisis potensi sumberdaya peternak yaitu potensisumberdaya limbah tanaman pangan dan limbah ternak, dilakukan analisis estimasi produksi dan daya dukunglimbah tanaman pangan, dan produksi dan daya dukung limbah ternak sebagai sumber pupuk. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa total produksi limbah tanaman pangan sebagai sumber pakan sapi potong sebesar 222,54ton bahan kering, dengan distribusi jerami padi 102,17 ton bahan kering, dan selebihnya adalah jerami jagung.Dengan jumlah produksi limbah tanaman pangan tersebut, memiliki potensi daya dukung sebagai pakan ternakuntuk sebanyak 97,61 satuan ternak (ST). Dilain pihak, produksi feses yang dihasilkan dari ternak sapi sebanyak43 ST, diperoleh estimasi jumlah feses sebesar 141,26 ton, dan jika dilakukan pengolahan feses menjadi pupukkompos (kandang) dapat dihasilkan pupuk sebanyak 79,10 ton.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN EFISIENSI PEMASARAN USAHA SAPI POTONG DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT
Authors: Achmad Syahdani  , Hasnudi  , Nevy Diana Hanafi
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis pendapatan dan efisiensi pemasaran usahasapi potong. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Langkat mulai bulan Juni sampai September2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan proportional stratified random sampling dan diperoleh 219responden, yaitu kecamatan Batang Serangan (111 responden), Besitang (69 responden) dan Sirapit(39 responden). Efisiensi pemasaran didapat melalui metode wawancara terhadap peternak,pengumpul, rumah potong hewan, pedagang pasar dan konsumen akhir mengenai harga jual sapipotong.Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa skala usaha berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadappendapatan peternak, sedangkan umur peternak, tingkat pendidikan, pengalaman beternak, jumlahtanggungan keluarga dan biaya prduksi berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pendapatanpeternak. Terdapat 3 pola saluran pemasaran sapi potong dimana pola I (peternak, pedagang pasar dankonsumen akhir) adalah saluran pemasaran yang paling efisien. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalahskala usaha memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap pendapatan dan semakin pendek saluranpemasaran maka meningkatkan efisiensi pemasaran sapi potong.
PENDUGAAN PARAMETER GENETIK DAN KOMPONEN RAGAM SIFAT PERTUMBUHAN PADA BANGSA BABI LANDRACE
Authors: Vierman  , Marida S. Nababan  , Armyn Hakim Daulay  , Hamdan
Published: October 2021

Informasi genetik babi Landrace menentukan strategi pemuliaan di masamendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui nilai heritabilitas, korelasi genetik, dannilai pemuliaan babi Landrace. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Pembibitan Ternak Ungguldan Hijauan Pakan Ternak Desa Siaro Kecamatan Siborongborong Kabupaten TapanuliUtara pada bulan Juni 2015. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah pola tersarang data tidakseimbang. Materi penelitian merupakan data produksi dari 465 ekor Babi Landracedengan jantan sebanyak 245 ekor dan betina sebanyak 220 ekor. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan nilai heritabilitas bobot lahir dan bobot sapih berturut-turut adalah 0.14 dan0.36. Nilai korelasi genetik (bobot lahir-bobot sapih) (jumlah anak sekelahiran-bobotlahir) (jumlah anak sekelahiran-bobot sapih) dengan nilai masing-masing adalah: 0.24%;-0.06% dan -0.14%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah nilai koefisien keragaman sifatpertumbuhan pada babi Landrace memiliki keragaman yang tinggi namun korelasigenetiknya rendah. Kriteria terhadap seleksi sifat pertumbuhan pada babi Landracedidasarkan pada bobot lahir dan bobot sapih.
ANALYSES OF BROILER CHICKEN’S MARKETING IN TRADITIONAL MARKET OF MEDAN CITY
Authors: Yusrizal Fachri  , A Hakim Daulay  , Nevy Diana Hanafi  , M Tafsin  , E Mirwandhono
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research is to identify the characteristics of marketing institutions, marketing chain, marketing function, and analyze added value in broiler marketing institutions in traditional market of Medan City from April until May 2017. This research used primary and secondary data that obtained from observation and interview of respondents and also the related agencies. The location of the research was determined purposively method and determination of respondents with accidental sampling method that has 99 respondents. The data analysis by descriptive analyses and added value analyses. The results showed the characteristic of respondents were dominated by male sex (72,75%) with an experience of 11-20 years (56,19%) with 6-10 employees (47,99%), aged 41-50 years (57,99%) and had senior high school education level / equal (45,34%). There were five kinds of marketing chains where the biggest marketing chains that was marketing chains broiler farmers to collectors then to slaughterers at once retailers with life broiler chicken input then become carcass product to retailers and to consumers. The exchange function and the facility function are done by each marketing institution, processing on the physical function is not found in the collectors level. The highest added value was found in slaughterers at once retailers Rp 9.178,72. Meanwhile, the lowest added value in collectors was Rp 898,55. The conclusion, the biggest marketing chain involved all the marketing institutions so the bigger the marketing margin that is formed the more profitable they are, but the higher the price the consumer pays. The shorter the marketing chain the more it gives a big profit to broiler farmers.
Effectiveness of Gambir Solution (Uncaria gambir Roxb) to control Escherichia coli on Broiler Chickens
Authors: Melisah Yanty Manullang  , Ma`ruf Tafsin  , Iskandar Sembiring  , Tri Hesti Wahyuni  , Hasnudi
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the provision of gambir solution (Uncaria gambir Roxb) to the number of E. coli colonies in broiler chickens. The research method used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consists of P0A= Control without infection; P0B = (0%), P1=(2%), P2 = (4%), P3 = (6%), P4 = Tetracycline antibiotics (0.05%). The results showed addition of gambir solution (Uncaria gambir Roxb) gave significant effect (P<0,05) to amount of E. coli colony in broiler chicken.    E. coli colonies total in the treatment phase given average for treatment P0A, P0B, P1, P2, P3, P4, sequentially 6.97, 7.80, 6.88, 6.69, 6.34, 6.91 (CFU Log / g). Addition dose with 2-6% of gambir solution effectively reduced the number of    E. coli colonies in broiler chickens. The addition dose of gambir solution 2% was able to compensate tetracycline antibiotics to controlling E. coli in broiler chickens.
Effect of Fermentation Time and Starbio Bioactivator Type and Local Microorganism (MOL) “Ginta” on The Nutritional Quality of Cassava Tuber Skin (Manihot Utilisima)
Authors: Bahria Nasution  , Hasnudi  , Nurzainah Ginting  , Yunilas  , Hamdan
Published: October 2021

BAHRIA NASUTION, 2018. "The Influence of Old Fermentation And Types Of Starbio Bioactivators And Local Microorganisms (MOL)" Ginta "Against Quality Nutritional Skin Cassava Bulbs (Manihot Utilisima). Guided by HASNUDI and NURZAINAH GINTING. The aim of this research is to know the nutrient content of cassava tuber skin waste (Manihot utilisima) fermented with starbio bioactivator type and local microorganism (MOL) "ginta". This research was conducted at Nutrition Research Lab for Nutritional Research on Goat Cut Sei Putih, from July to August 2017. The design used in this study was a complete randomized design (RAL) patterned 3x3 pattern with 3 replications. Factor I is fermentation starbio, fermentation of local microorganism (ginta), fermentation starbio + local microorganism (MOL) "ginta". Factor II is the fermentation length of 6.10 and 14 days. The parameters studied were water content, crude protein, crude fiber, ash content, crude fat, BETN. The result of bioactivator type research gave a very significant (P <0,01) to water content, crude protein, crude fiber and BETN of fermented cassava peel. The duration of fermentation had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on crude protein and lower ash, coarse, and coarse fat. The conclusion of fermentation using starbio can increase the crude protein, BETN and lower crude fiber, and ash content
THE USE OF CASSAVA PEEL (Manihot utilisima) FERMENTATION IN THE RATION ON THE FAT OF MALE LOCAL SHEEP
Authors: Ari Andani Nasution  , Hasnudi  , Nurzainah Ginting  , Sayed Umar  , Hamdan
Published: October 2021

ARI ANDANI NASUTION, 2018: The Use Of Cassava Peel (Manihot Utilisima) Fermentation In The Ration On The Fat Of Male Local Sheep Under supervised by HASNUDI and NURZAINAH GINTING. This study aims to determine how much influence the use of cassava peel (Manihot utilisima) fermentation in the rations on fat percentage of male local sheep. The research was conducted at the farm of Mr. Praditya located in Medan, in September-December 2017. The treatmen design used Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Using 20 local rams with an average of 10.18 ± 1 kg. The treatment provided is P0 (Cassava peel Non Fermentation), P1 (Cassava peel Fermentation 20%), P2 (Cassava peel Fermentation 40%), and P3 (Cassava peel Fermentation60%). The results showed that the average the percentage of subcutaneous fat of sheep of highest P3= 2.04 dan low P0= 1.10 (kg/head). Average percentage of abdomen fat of highest P0= 2.364 and low P3= 2.148 (kg/head). Average percentage of heart of highest P0P2P3= 0.204 and low P1= 0.198 (kg/head). Average percentage of kidneys fat of highest P2= 0.300 and low P0= 0.24 (kg/head). Average percentage of pelvis fat of highest P3= 0.284 and low P0= 0.262 (kg/head). The conclusion of this research is the high use of fermented cassava peel in the ration can increase the percentage of subcutaneous fat and percentage of pelvis fat, butcauses the percentage of abdo men fat percentage of heart, and percentage of kidneys fat.
Forage Substitution with Media Plant White Oyster Mushroom Waste Fermented to Percentage of Local Sheep Carcass
Authors: Rindu Awalia Tarigan  , Tri Hesti Wahyuni  , Hamdan  , Iskandar Sembiring  , Nurzainah Ginting
Published: October 2021

RINDU AWALIA, 2018: “Forage Substitution with Waste Media for White Oyster Mushroom Planting Fermentation on Percentage of Carcass at Local Sheep”. Supervised by TRI HESTI WAHYUNI and HAMDAN. The study aimed to determine the percentage of carcass in local sheep given the waste of fermented white oyster mushroom growing media as an alternative feed, carried out in NamoTrasi Village, Pasar VIII, October - December 2017. Using local sheep the average initial weight was 9 ± 0.25 kg. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications namely P0 = grass 60% + concentrate 40%. P1, P2, and P3 respectively are 45%, 30%, 15% grass, and fermented white oyster mushroom planting media waste 15%, 30%, 45% and 40% Concentrate. The results showed that the slaughter weight (kg / head) was: 13.67; 13,92; 13,81; and 13.78. Empty body weight (kg / tail): 8.98; 9,16; 9,10; and 9.01. Carcass weight (kg / head): 5.23; 5.40; 5,34; and 5.17. In the percentage of carcass (%): 58.12; 58.97; 58.52; and 57.33. So it can be concluded that the waste of fermented white oyster mushroom growing media can substitute forage as a feed for local sheep but cannot increase the percentage of carcass component.
Development of Tape Measure Model’s and Body Weight Estimation Formula Based on Chest Size on Horse
Authors: J P Bakara  , Hamdan  , M Tafsin  , Hasnudi  , A H Daulay
Published: October 2021

This study aims to test the reliability or accuracy of various types of tape measure and develop models measuring tape and body weight estimation formula based on the size of the heart girth at horse. This research was conducted in Humbang Hasundutan district, North Tapanuli district, Karo district, and Samosir district in May-July 2017. The tape measure used is the measuring tape Agrotech, Animeter and Rondo, then use a formula Schoorl and Smith as a comparison, and using a simple correlation analysis in testing research data. Estimating body weight in the horse that is closest to using a measuring tape based on the regression formula that has been obtained from this study. The result showed that the estimation of body weight for horse using measuring tape Agrotech, Animeter and Rondo obtained deviation 13,22% for male horse and 9,21% for female horse. It is concluded that estimation weight closest to horse is using a regression formula, that for male horse Y = -665,72+6,14X with deviation 0,43% and for female horse Y = -707,97+6,34X with deviation 0,28%.
The Effect of Fermented Sago Pulp on Performances and Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC) Local Sheep
Authors: Mustapa Zahri Ritonga  , Hasnudi  , Iskandar Sembiring  , Tri Hesti Wahyuni  , Nevy Diana Hanafi
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of fermented sago pulp in rations on performance (weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion) and local sheep's income over feed cost (IOFC). This research was carried out in the community farms of Karang Rejo Village, Stabat District, Langkat Regency. This research started from March to June 2017. The design used was complete randomized design (RAL), with 4 treatment of 5 replications. Each replication consisted of 1 local sheep with an initial weight of 11.05 ± 0.56 kg. The treatment consisted of P1 (50% sago pulp without fermentation + forage), P2 (60% of sago pitch without fermentation + forage), P3 (50% fermented sago pulp + forage), and P4 (60% fermented sago pulp +). The observed variables were performance (body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion) and income over feed cost (IOFC). The results showed that the treatment of fermented sago pulp gave a very real effect (P <0.01) on daily weight gain. The mean of P1 = 33,05 g, P2 = 39,95 g, P3 = 46,57 g, P4 = 54,38g. The consumption of fermented sago pulp treatment has a real effect (P <0,01). With average P1 = 486,38 g, P2 = 548,68 g, P3 = 604,69 g, P4 = 671,11 gr. Against the conversion of fermented sago pulp fermentation treatment gave a real effect (P <0.05). With average P1 = 14.78, P2 = 13.90, P3 = 12.99, P4 = 12,49. IOFC the highest local sheep is Rp. 121.568 on treatment of P4 and IOFC lowest at treatment P1 equal to Rp.73.315. The conclusion of the research shows that the utilization of fermented sago pulp can increase body weight gain, feed consumption, local sheep feed conversion. P4 treatment economically has a better economic level than P1,P2 and P3.
BUSSINESS ANALYSIS OF CASSAPRO UTILIZATION IN FEED ON KAMPONG CHICKEN IN MEDAN
Authors: D A Lumbangaol  , A H Daulay  , I Sembiring  , T H Wahyuni  , N Ginting
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the feasibility and efficiency of the economic value of the business of raising livestock chicken with cassapro utilization in diet at various levels in chicken age 0-12 week. Research was held at Medan city in December 2015 to March 2016. Research using a survey method to determine the price of feed used in research. Cassapro flour consists of level 0% (P0), 10% (P1), 20% (P2), 30% (P3), 40% (P4). Parameters observed that the total cost of production, income, analysis of profit / loss, Revenue / Cost ratio (R / C ratio) and Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC) for a period of 3 months. The results showed that the average income (Rp/100head/3month) were the highest in treatment P3 (279,468.89) and the lowest profit in treatment P0 (234,395.64), the average R / C ratio was the highest in treatment P3 (1.44) and the lowest in treatment P0 (1.34), the average IOFC for 3 months were highest in treatment P3 (196.123) and the lowest in treatment P1 (136.401). The conclusion from this study indicate cassapro as a mixture of feed ingredients in ration to the level of 40% can provide benefits feasibility applied to the community.
Response of Fertilization with Goat Urine Fermentation Against the Growth of Leguminosa Indigofera (Indigofera zollingeriana) and Turi (Sesbania grandiflora) as animal feed ingredients in Samosir Regency
Authors: S Siagian  , S Umar  , N Ginting  , T H Wahyuni  , Hasnudi
Published: October 2021

The need for animal feed in Pangururan District, Samosir Regency is very lacking, and livestock waste is also a problem in the community environment, so the utilization of EM4 goat's urine waste is expected to increase the growth of Indigofera (Indigofera zollingeriana) and Turi (Sesbania grandiflora) legumes in appropriate doses. . This research was conducted in Pangururan Subdistrict, Samosir Regency, North Sumatra from April to August 2018. The research design used in this research was factorial randomized block design (RBD) which was divided into 2 treatment groups and 3 replications. The first factor is the type of plant (L), L1 = Indigofera zollingeriana and L2 = Sesbania grandiflora and the second factor is the dose of fertilization (P), P0 = without fertilization (Control), P1 = 200 ml / polybag, P2 = 250 ml / polybag, P3 = 300 ml / polybag, and P4 = 350 ml / polybag). Parameters observed were plant height, number of stalks, number of leaves, and stem diameter. The results showed that respons of liquid organic fertilizer of goat urine fermented by EM4 with various doses of fertilization had a significant effect on the parameters of the study, namely plant height, number of stalks, number of leaves, and stem diameter. The conclusion of this study is that fertilization with a dose of 200 ml / polybag gives optimal results in the growth of Indigofera (Indigofera zollingeriana) and Turi (Sesbania grandiflora) legumes.
Marketing Efficiency of Chicken’s Egg in Binjai City, North Sumatra
Authors: K Pargita  , A H Daulay  , N Ginting  , Y L Henuk  , E Mirwandhono
Published: October 2021

The egg marketing by producers usually uses various marketing agencies so that chicken eggs will reach consumers. This process requires marketing costs to be used to perform marketing functions. Therefore, research is conducted to investigate the marketing channels, marketing institutions, marketing functions and investigate the marketing efficiency of chicken’s egg found in Binjai City. This research was conducted from July to August 2018. The method used in data collection is the withdrawal of a sample of retailers using the purposive sampling method, while the sample of farmers and other marketing institutions with snowball sampling. Data collection was done by interview technique using a questionnaire. Data analysis includes marketing costs, marketing margins, farme’r share and cost benefit ratio of each marketing channel. The results of this study indicate that there are two marketing channels. The smallest marketing margin is obtained by the second marketing channel, therefore the second marketing channel has the largest ratio of profit to cost. The biggest farmer's share is obtained in the second marketing channel, this channel only uses retailers as an intermediary channel. So it can be concluded that the second channel is the most efficient channel because it has the smallest cost and the profit is spread evenly across all the marketing institutions that play a role.
Isolation and Characteristics of Corn-Based Cellulolytic Fungi as Fibrous Feed Bioactivators
Authors: M Delfiyana  , Yunilas  , S  Umar  , N Ginting  , Hasnudi
Published: October 2021

Microbes live in nature freely in water, air, or soil. One type of microbe is fungi. Fungi are microorganisms that are able to degrade fiber. This study aims to isolate fungi from corn waste and test the degradation ability of the best corn waste fungi fiber as a fibrous feed bioactivator. This research was carried out at the Laboratory of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry Study Program, University of North Sumatra, in March 2018 - June 2018. This study used corn waste (corn cobs, corn straw, corn husk, corn flowers and corn roots). Parameters observed were macroscopic morphology (colony size, colony shape, clony color, colony elevation, colony edge), microscopic morphology (form of hyphae, conidial shape, and conidiophoric surface) and the ability to degrade fiber in fungi. Conclusions from the results of research on corn waste exploration obtained 6 fungi isolates, 4 of which were cellulolytic fungi that were able to degrade fibrous feed, namely two strains of Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., And Rizoctonia sp. Isolates which have a potential to degrade fiber are JE isolates (Rizoctonia sp. fungi) with a cellulolytic index of 1,178.
Utilization of Buffalo Manure and Samosir Goat Manure on Indigofera Zollingeriana Growth
Authors: Indria Ningsih  , E Mirwandhono  , Nurzainah Ginting  , Iskandar Sembiring  , N D Hanavy
Published: October 2021

This study aims to look at the effect of buffalo and goat manure on the growth of Indigofera zollingeriana plants. This research was carried out in Parlondut Village, Pangururan Subdistrict, Samosir Regency, North Sumatra from March to May 2018. The design used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design with 4 replications. P0 = Buffalo Cage Fertilizer 25% + 75% Top Soil Soil, P1 = Buffalo Cage Fertilizer 50% + 50% Top Soil Soil, P2 = Buffalo Cage Fertilizer 75% + 25% Top Soil Soil, P3 = 25% Goat Cage Fertilizer + 75% Top Soil Soil, P4 = Goat Cage Fertilizer 50% + 50% Top Soil Soil and P5 = Goat Cage Fertilizer 75% + 25% Top Soil Soil. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, number of stems, stem diameter and leaf width. The results showed that the application of manure from goats had a significant effect on the parameters of the study, namely plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and stem diameter. In conclusion, the increasing dosage of fertilization with goat manure on Indigofera zollingeriana plants, the results are getting better.
Effect of Rabbit Production Factors on Revenue of Rabbit Farmers in Berastagi District, Karo Regency
Authors: M Bayu  , S Umar  , Hasnudi  , N Ginting  , Y L Henuk
Published: October 2021

The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of rabbitproduction factors on rabbit farmers income in the District of Berastagi Regency ofKaro which include Litter Size, Sum of Wean, Sum of Deaths, Feed Cost and Sum ofLabor; and knowing rabbit business in District of Berastagi Regency of Karo isdeserves to be forwarded. The research method used census method done twice for twomonths to take as many as 48 respondent farmers. Factor analysis was obtained byregression analysis while business feasibility obtained by Revenue Cost Ratio (RatioR/C), Benefit Cost Ratio (Rasio B/C) and Break Event Point (BEP) analysis. Theresults showed that the factor affect rabbit farmers income were Sum of Deaths andSum of Labor. Financial analysis of rabbit farmers were R/C=5,61, B/C=4,24, PriceBEP=Rp 9.875 dan Production BEP=22 pieces. It conclude that the factor affect rabbitfarmers income were Sum of Death and Sum of Labor. Rabbit business is profitableand feasible to conduct.
Corn Substitution By Using Cassapro (Cassava Protein) On Kampung Chicken Carcass
Authors: Hans Yoppi Sinaga, Iskandar Sembiring  , Armyn Hakim Daulay  , Ma’ruf Tafsin  , Nevy Diana Hanafi
Published: October 2021

This research aimed to determine the ability of cassapro to substitute corn in feed onkampung chicken carcass. Experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with5 treatments and 4 replications. Each treatment consists of cassapro P0 (0%) P1(10%) P2(20%)P3(30%) P4(40%). 100 kampung chicken was used this research.The results showed that there were no signifiant effect on cut weight, carcass weight and percentageof carcass due to the administration of cassapro. However, there was a tendency that feed rations P2(40% corn and 20% cassapro) showed good result.
The Changes of Nutrient Content of Cassava Peel (Manihot esculenta Crantz) That Fermented by Indigenous Microorganisms (IMO) As Animal Feed
Authors: Indra Satria Siburian  , Edhy Mirwandhono  , Yunilas  , Tri Hesty Wahyuni  , Hamdan
Published: October 2021

Cassava peel was the waste of processing cassava which is promising enough to be used as alternative animal feed. However, cassava peel has a fairly low nutrient content. Fermentation was one of the way to increase the quality of cassava peel. Fermentation used in this research utilized Indigenous Microorganisms (IMO) with the main substance was the cassava peel itself. This research lasted for 3 months started from December 2018 to February 2019 at the Laboratory of Microbiology and Laboratory of Feed Processing Science and Technology Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Sumatera Utara and Laboratory of Agrichemists and Natural Resources at the Industrial Research and Standardization Office of Medan. This research was designed using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial pattern of 3 x 3 with 3 replications, as factor I was the dose of Indigenous Microorganisms (IMO) and factor II was the duration of fermentation. The parameters measured were water content/dry matter, crude fat, crude protein, crude fibre, ash, and Non Nitrogen Free Extract (NNFE) using proximate analysis. The results showed that fermentation of cassava peel using Indigenous Microorganisms (IMO) with the variation of Indigenous Microorganisms (IMO) dose and duration of fermentation give effects, that were increased water content, crude protein, and Non Nitrogen Free Extract (NNFE) and decreased dry ingredient, crude fat, crude fibre, and ash content.
Utilization of Buffalo Faeces Combination of Fermented Coffee Peel with MOL (Local Microorganisms) Against Growth of Indigofera zollingeriana
Authors: Tumanggor A
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of organic buffalo faeces organic fertilizer combination of fermented coffee peel on Indigofera zollingeriana plant growth. This research was conducted in Parlondut Village, Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, North Sumatra from March to May 2019. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments. T0 = no buffalo feces without coffee peelcombination; T1 = faeces buffalo coffee peel combination 200g; T2 = faeces buffalo coffee peel combination 400g; and T3 = faeces buffalo coffee peel combination 600g. Variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, stem diameter, and width of leaves.The results showed that the administration of coffee peel buffalo feces combination had a very significant influence on research parameters increasing,i.e plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, stem diameter, leaf width of Indigofera zollingeriana plants. The conclusion of this research is that increasing fertilizer dosage by using buffalo faeces combination of coffee peel on Indigofera zollingeriana plant can increase plant growth.
The Utilization of Fermented Kepok Banana Peels on Feed Againts The Percentage of Non Carcass of Local Male Sheep
Authors: Zulfahmi
Published: October 2021

This research aims to determine the effects of fermented kepok banana peel as feed by EM4 against the percentage of male local sheep non carcass. This research was conducted in Praditya Rahardja’s Farm, Jalan Bunga Rinte, Kecamatan Medan Tuntungan, Kota Medan from Jully to October 2019. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications so that 20 experimental units. While the sheep were cut for parameter of non carcass as much as 2 from each treatment to produce 8 sheep. The treatments given are P0 (40% kepok banana peel without fermentation in feed), P1 (20% fermented of kepok banana peel in feed), P2 (40% fermented of kepok banana peel in feed), and P3 (60 % fermented of kepok banana peel in feed). The parameters used were percentage of head weight without skin, feet without skin, skin, tail without skin, trachea and lungs, heart, liver, blood, intestine and compound stomach male local sheep.

The result showed that the utilization of fermented kepok banana peel as feed for local sheep had no signoificant effect on percentage of weight the head without skin, feet without skin, skin, tail without skin, trachea and lungs, hearts, and liver. But had significant effect on percentage of weight the blood, intestine, and compound stomach male local sheep.
Feasibility Study on the Application of Biogas from Buffalo Faeces as Source of Energy on Coffee Shops
Authors: Royba I
Published: October 2021

This study aims to investigate whether bio gas  from buffalo faeces can be used as a new substitute energy for other energy sources namely LPG gas and kerosene for coffee shop. This research was conducted at the coffee shop owned by Mr. Saragih in Lumban Suhi-suhi Village, Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, from April to June 2018. This research was a feasibility study using bio gas as an energy source for cooking. Then calculated financial analysis and observed with SWOT analysis. Parameters observed were production costs, revenues, income, Benefit Cost Ratio (B / C), Revenue Cost Ratio (R / C), Return On Investment (ROI), Break Even Point (BEP), and SWOT Matrix. The results of financial analysis were calculated using the bio gas unit, namely the production cost of Rp 2,167,000; revenue of Rp. 4,360,000; income of Rp. 2,193,000; B / C is 1.01, R / C is 2.02; ROI of 50.3%; BEP Price is Rp. 3,976; BEP Production of 270 glasses. Development strategies included promoting bio-gas devices to the community, improving service in coffee shops, improving product quality, making coffee shops that are modern and unique from others, and making faeces banks.
The Effect of Papaya Leaf Flour and Turmeric Flour on the Broiler Carcasses
Authors: Integratif Jurnal Peternakan
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of providing papaya flour and turmeric flour as feed additives on slaughter weight, carcass weights and percentage of broiler chicken carcasses. This research was conducted in the enclosure of Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra in October to November 2019. The design used in this study was a complete random design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment consisted of P0 = control feed; P1 = addition of 0.5% turmeric flour; P2 = addition of 5% papaya leaf flour; and P3 = addition of 0.5% turmeric flour and 5% papaya leaf flour. The parameters observed were cutting weight, carcass weight and carcass percentage.

The results showed that the addition of turmeric feed and papaya leaves into the feed did not have a significant effect on the slaughter weight, carcass weight and percentage of 35-day-old broiler chicken carcass. The treatment showed a tendency that the weight of cut and carcass weight of papaya leaf addition was better than turmeric and control. The conclusion of this study is the addition of papaya leaf flour and turmeric flour as feed additives did not have an effect on the broiler chicken carcass.
Evaluation of Beef Meat Quality at Slaughterhouse in Kendari City
Authors: Integratif Jurnal Peternakan
Published: October 2021

. This study aims to find out whether DFD (Dark, Firm, and Dry) and PSE (Pale, Soft, and Exsudative) happen/ occur to Bali Cattle Carcas slayed in Anggoeya Animal Slaugtherhouse in Kendari City. This study is useful to give information about the meats’ DFD and PSE cases and carcas quality at Anggoeya Slaugtherhouse in Kendari City. The sample of this study are 6 bulls and 6 cows taken from slaugtherhouse in Kendari City. The obtained data was, then, analyzed descriptively based on the mean and deviation standard (χ ± SD).The variables observed in this studyincludes PH measurement for 1 – 6 hours after slashing, color, loss of mass, texture, hardness, and humidity. The meats were found to be around normal PH 5.55 – 5.73. Based on the color score AUS_MEAT Colour, the color of the meats were around the score of 4 – 5, loss of mass were around 30,64 – 43,28%. Based on panelist judgement, most of the meats texture were scored 3 or were in moderate level. Most of the meats’ elasticity were scored 3 or were rather soft, while most of the meats’ humidity were scored 3 or moderate (62.50%).  On the meats produced by the Animals Slaugtherhouse in Kendari City, no changes to DFD (Dark, Firm, and Dry) or PSE (Pale, Soft and Exudative) was found.
Problems Solving On Cacao Plantation By Biomethanization Technology
Authors: Integratif Jurnal Peternakan
Published: October 2021

Indonesia is the third largest exporting cacao country in the world.  There are several problems in cacao plantation, either come from insect or fertilizer.  In addition, there is energy problem especially in rural area, as ratio of modern energy only 65%.   The results showed that biomethanization technology;i.e biogas could solve these problems. Insects which live in cacao pod will be stopped their lifecycles as the cacao pod will be used as an input for biodigester.  Sludge that come from biodigester could be used as fertilizer.  5.501.180 kWh   electricity will be produced from all fermented  cacao pod if it is utilized instead of wasted.
Protein and Energy Utilization of Black Soldier Fly Maggot at Different age on Chicken
Authors: Marbun Nicolas Gomgom Tua
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the efficient use of protein and energy of Black Soldier fly larvae at different age levels on chicken. This research was conducted at Jl. RK, Desa Namo Bitang, Kecamatan Pancur Batu Kabupaten Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. Animal Husbandary Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatra Utara, Medan. The design of this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment consisted of P0, P1, P2, and P3 (larvae 14, 21, 28, and 35 days old). Observed variables were protein digestibility, nitrogen retention and apparent metabolizable energy.The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect (P<0,01) on protein digestibility, nitrogen retention and apparent metabolizable energy. Based on research result it can be concluded that maggot of Black soldier fly more efficient at the age between 24-25 days.
Nutritional	Quality	Of	Fermented Oil Palm Press Fiber By Local Microorganism
Authors: Wicaksono Anton , Yunilas  , T H Wahyuni
Published: October 2021

Oil palm press fibre is a byproduct of agro-industry that has a low nutrient content. To improve the nutritional quality of oil palm press fibre, it is carried out with biological processing techniques utilizing the work of indigenous microorganisms derived from local microorganisms of it. The research was conducted experimentally using a completely  randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern with 2 factors (3 x 3), namely first factor such as dose of local microorganisms (D 1 = 1%, D 2 = 3% andD 3 = 5%) and second factor such as long of fermentation (L1 = 7 days, L2 = 14 days and L3 = 21 days), with 3 replications. The parameters of this study consisted of the nutritional content of oil palm press fibre fermented such as moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, and BETN. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the combination of treatment with a dose of local microorganisms 5% and fermentation time of 14 days had a significant effect (P<0.05) in increasing crude protein content and did not have a vegetable effect (P>0.05) in increasing the dry matter content and BETN and reducing water content. , crude fat, crude fiber and ash. Giving various doses of local microorganisms and fermentation time can increase crude protein content and have not been able to increase dry matter and BETN content and reduce moisture content, crude fiber and ash.
Maggot Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Nutritional Content Using Various Culture Media
Authors: Lestari Ase , T.H Wahyuni  , T.H Wahyuni  , E. Mirwandhono  , N. Ginting
Published: October 2021

Maggot black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) is an insect that is environmentally friendly and can be mass produced and does not compete with humans. In addition, insect cultivation can reduce organic waste that has the potential to pollute the environment. Maggot black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) has a high crude protein content of 42.1%. The length of the life cycle and the high and low nutrient content of the maggot are influenced by the maggot growing media used. In this study using EM4 as a bio-activator for fermentation of rice bran, coconut dregs, tofu dregs and palm kernel cake. The function of this fermentation is to increase the nutrients contained in this material which will later be used as a growing medium for maggot and maggot is one of the alternatives to feed protein sources from fish meal. The study was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) 5 treatments and 4 replications, with the weight of each experimental unit the media content is 1 kg and filled with 1 g of BSF eggs and the media size is 37 cm long, 26 cm wide and 10 cm high. The parameters of this study consisted of maggot production and maggot nutritional content, namely moisture content, ash content, crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrates. Based on research results P0 (100% fermented rice bran) obtained an average maggot production of 525g, KA maggot 8,16%, KAb maggot 7,83%, PK maggot 44,82%, LK maggot 21,62% and 17.58% maggot carbohydrates respectively. P1 (50% fermented rice bran + 50% fermented coconut dregs) obtained an average maggot production of 467.5g, KA maggot 9,57%, KAb maggot 9,03%, PK maggot 44,68%, LK maggot 20,51% and 16.20% maggot carbohydrates respectively. P2 (50% fermented rice bran + 50% fermented tofu dregs) obtained an average maggot production of 545.25g, KA maggot 9,02%, KAb maggot 8,32%, PK maggot 44,74%, LK maggot 18,57% and 20.09% maggot carbohydrates respectively. P3 (50% fermented rice bran + 50% palm kernel cake) obtained an average maggot production of 542g, KA maggot 9,16%, KAb maggot 9,22%, PK maggot 43,72%, LK maggot 19,87% and 18.02% maggot carbohydrates respectively. P4 (25% fermented rice bran + 25% fermented tofu dregs + 25% fermented coconut dregs + 25% palm kernel cake) obtained an average maggot production of 831.5g, KA maggot 9,08%, KAb maggot 9,35%, PK maggot 44,38%, LK maggot 17,01% and 20.18% maggot carbohydrates respectively. From the research results, it can be concluded that the use of culture media with a combination of 25% fermented rice bran + 25% fermented coconut dregs + 25% fermented tofu dregs + 25% fermented palm kernel meal is the best combination where the production reaches 831.5 g bsf and 20 carbohydrates. , 18% but could not increase moisture content, ash content, crude protein and crude fat.
Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Prepupa Phase Fermentation by Organic Acids to Decrease Chitin Content
Authors: Nasution Muheri Indra Aja , Yunilas  , E Mirwandhono
Published: October 2021

Black Soldier Fly has high protein but there are anti-nutrients, namely the presence of chitin content that cannot be digested by livestock such as poultry and monogastrics. Chitin is a natural polysaccharide that is abundantly found from crustacean organisms and insects. Chitin is usually bound to the shell or exoskeleton, proteins, minerals and pigments. Black Soldier Fly in the prepupa phase has high protein, dark brown body and a rather hard exoskeleton which causes a high chitin content. The aim of this research was to determine the concentration of propionic and formic acids which could reduce the chitin content of the prepupa phase of the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) fermentation. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments, namely P1 = (BSF added 50% propionic acid + 50% formic acid), P2 = (BSF added 80% propionic acid and formic acid + 20% aquadest), P3 = (BSF added 60% propionic and formic acids + 40% aquadest), P4 = (BSF added 40% propionic and formic acids + 60% aquadest), P5 = (BSF added 20% propionic acid and formic acid + 80% aquadest) with three repetitions. The results of this study indicate that the P1 treatment (addition of 50% propionic acid + 50% formic acid) resulted in the lowest reduction in chitin content, namely (11.00%), pH value (4.7), total titrated acid (0.014%) and organoleptic (light brown color, very sour aroma and harsh texture).
The Effect of Sheep Feces Compost with Different Fertilization Doses and Intervals on the Productivity of Mixed Pastures (Clitoria ternatea and Brachiaria ruziziensis)
Authors: Purba Dea Ade Yoan , Ginting Nurzainah , Yunilas  , Alwiyah
Published: October 2021

Mix pasture contains more complete nutrition for animal feed. This study aims to determine the effect of giving sheep feces compost with different fertilization doses and intervals on the productivity of mixed pastures (Clitoria ternatea and Brachiaria ruziziensis). This research was conducted in Kotangan Village, Kec. Galang, Kab. Deli Serdang North Sumatra from September to November 2020. The experimental design was used a split-plot design with two treatment factors and three replications. Factor I is the main plot, namely the fertilization interval: N1 = once every four weeks and N2 = once every two weeks. Factor II as a subplot which were doses of compost : P0 = control (without compost), P1 = compost 1 kg/plot (10 t/h), P 2 = compost 2 kg/plot (20 t/h) and P3 = compost 3 kg/plot (30t/h).The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, number of branches, fresh production, dry matter, crude protein, and crude fiber. The results showed that sheep feces compost doses and different time intervals for fertilization had a significant effect (P<0,05 ) on the number of leaves and tillers of Brachiaria ruziziensis, crude protein, and coarse fiber of mixed pasture. There was no significant effect (P>0,05) on plant height, the number of leaves and number of branches of Clitoria ternatea, the height of Brachiaria ruziziensisas, and fresh and dry mixed pasture production. The appropriate fertilization interval was once every two weeks, and the best fertilizer dose was 3 kg/plot (30 t/h).
Essay on the theory of who is God, the matrix particle and quantum stamens: in the formation of everything and the universe
Authors: Santos Irineu de Oliveira
Published: October 2021

Given that God is nothing absolute, the only eternally present, immutable and neutral element of any equation that can contain everything we can understand as dimensions, particles, waves, matter, energy, life; where without this force the universe and the reverse could never happen, being a single-hand, undeniable pathway, this essay aims to deal with considerations related to the God particle, as well as describe this particle, here baptized as Matrix Particle and Quantum Stamens (PM and EQ), about its behavior in space, which is intrinsic to the understanding of its existence. This theory is based on own observations and bibliographies already published based on studies on the understanding of what is the greater God and the demigods or galactic Gods, including an analogy of how the universes contain the god endorsed and other of lesser power energy, among other studies related to the theme that deal with the most basic particle to make up the universe, both in its matter, as forms of energy and even predicting the existence of antimatter. Thus, for better compression, I describe within this larger structure called “God”, which is where there are the fundamental particles, composed of six basic elements that we call in this function as “Quantum Stumers”, and an energetic particle with its own light that we call “Matrix Particle” because it is mainly the light of the universe, where without this radiant energy there is no motor life, which is what interests us. That said, in a few words, the results revealed that if the concepts of pmeeq’s form and performance are widely studied and understood, these data will enable an advance in terms of energy use, fuel production and even material transport.
ПОБУДОВА МОДЕЛІ ТЕСТУВАННЯ І МОНІТОРИНГУ В МІКРОСЕРВІСНІЙ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРІ
Authors: MAГРО В.І. , ПЛАКСІН С.В. , СВЯТОШЕНКО В.О.
Published: October 2021

Розглянуто методику створення інфраструктури, яка використовує функції тестування і моніторингу медіасервісних систем. Дана методика дозволяє формувати критерії із оптимального вибору медіасервісних систем та їх побудови. Особливістю методики є розміщення досліджуваного сервісу в віртуальний контейнер, де проводиться дослідження його поведінки в залежності від навантаження. В якості платформи для управління контейнерами обраний Kubernetes. При цьому використовувались тільки проєкти з відкритим вихідним кодом. Це забезпечує доступність методики, а за необхідності дозволяє коригувати код або доповнювати його новими функціональними можливостями. Результати експерименту показали, що обрана платформа для «оркестрації» контейнерів (Kubernetes) добре масштабується для управління будь-якими існуючими медіасервісами, що мають відкритий вихідний код. Дослідження показали, що використання технології WebRTC дозволяє знизити навантаження на серверну частину медіасервісів. Використання автоматизації конфігурацій медіасервісної інфраструктури дозволяє встановлювати як окремі компоненти, так і всю структуру цілком. Автоматизація реалізована з використанням Ansible і bash скриптинга. Результат впровадження автоматизації установки і конфігурації компонентів системи забезпечують легку повторюваність інфраструктури. Необхідна для тестування інфраструктура розгорнута в своєму середовищі, що виключає такі недоліки як залежність від постачальника послуг, а також його контроль та впровадження обмежень. В екстрених випадках доступ до медіасервісу може бути організований локально, без доступу в Інтернет на глобальному або національному рівні. Блочність запропонованої інфраструктури робить її гнучкою у використанні. Таким чином, запропонована методика дозволяє оцінити можливість використання даної медіасервісної платформи при заданому навантаженні і конкретній конфігурації апаратної платформи. Запропонована методика дозволяє сформувати вимоги до необхідної апаратної платформи для функціонування конкретних медіасервісних платформ.