bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ciclo de mejora en el aula para profundizar en los conocimientos de las patologías periimplantarias (procesos inflamatorios de los tejidos que rodean a un implante)
Authors: Ríos Carrasco Blanca
Published: April 2022

Aplicación del Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) en el master oficial de odon- tología médico-quirúrgica e integral. La idea inicial era que las alumnas, tras re- cepcionar a los pacientes que acudían al área de prácticas de la facultad de odontología con problemas periodontales avanzados fueran capaces de relacio- narlo con el estado periimplantario. La base inicial fue una actualización de los conceptos de enfermedad perio- dontal y que problemas puede presentar un implante, tras lo cual lo han ido apli- cando en la medida en la que los pacientes manifestaban la complicación. Tras la valoración de la aplicación del CIMA las alumnas han demostrado que han ad- quirido los conceptos más básicos y también avanzados en cuanto al diagnós - tico, así como los métodos y pruebas pertinentes necesarias para el mismo. Por las circunstancias actuales, no disponíamos de tiempo suficiente, no han podido poner en práctica el tratamiento necesario en cada caso clínico ni por lo tanto ver la evolución. Palabras clave: Asignatura, titulación, docencia universitaria, desarrollo pro- fesional docente, innovación docente.
Ciclo de mejora en el aula aplicado en una asignatura del Grado en Odontología
Authors: Cabanillas Balsera Daniel
Published: April 2022

El ciclo de mejora en el aula (CIMA) se desarrolla en la asignatura de Patolo- gía y Terapéutica Dental I del Grado en Odontología. Esta asignatura se imparte este curso de manera online, lo cual supone una limitación para generar un clima de debate y dinamismo en clase. Los casos clínicos y las actividades de contraste suponen la principal fortaleza del diseño de este CIMA, mientras que los cuestio- narios inicial-final nos permiten un seguimiento del aprendizaje de los alumnos. Como principal elemento a mejorar para futuros CIMAs debemos señalar la mo- dificación de los criterios de evaluación teniendo en cuenta las calificaciones ob- tenidas en la evaluación continuada con los cuestionarios inicial-final. Palabras clave: Patología y terapéutica dental I, odontología, docencia univer- sitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, innovación docente.
El aprendizaje desde lo práctico a lo conceptual en Psicología de la Memoria
Authors: Quintero Sánchez Esperanza
Published: April 2022

En el año de académico 2021, de implantación del CIMA, se ha llevado a cabo una continuación de los CIMAS anteriores, con una ampliación de tres horas (25 en total) en la asignatura de Psicología de la Memoria en la titulación de Psico- logía. La intervención sigue siendo de manera mixta, online-presencial de la do- cencia universitaria. Tras revisar los resultados obtenidos en la evolución pre y postest; podemos decir que, una vez más, parece que estas intervenciones ob- tienen un buen resultado en el aprendizaje de los alumnos y alumnas. Además se propone para el futuro, seguir con el uso del diario por parte del profesor, por la cantidad de información que puede recabar; y ampliar las encuestas en torno a las estrategias de aprendizaje llevadas a cabo por el profesor en su desarrollo como profesional docente. Palabras clave: Psicología de la Memoria, Grado en Psicología, docencia uni- versitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, intervención mixta.
La pizarra como apoyo para la enseñanza en un entorno virtual
Authors: Sanduvete-Chaves Susana
Published: April 2022

Con el fin de mantener el nivel de participación en clases online en compara- ción con las clases presenciales, este Ciclo de Mejora, aplicado a las clases teóricas de Diseño y Análisis de Datos en Psicología I (asignatura de primer curso del Grado en Psicología), consistió en utilizar una pizarra digital a través de Blackboard Co- llaborate. La metodología se basó en intercalar la presentación de diapositivas de teoría con ejemplos prácticos. Se mostraba en pantalla el enunciado del ejercicio y el esqueleto (las tablas vacías y las fórmulas a utilizar sin resolver), y se iba es - cribiendo, con ayuda de una tableta gráfica, aquello que el alumnado iba propo- niendo a raíz de preguntas clave que la profesora iba formulando a lo largo de todo el proceso de resolución. Un pre-test sirvió para determinar el punto de partida del alumnado en conocimiento sobre la asignatura. El mismo instrumento aplicado al final de la intervención sirvió para comprobar el grado de aprendizaje adquirido. Con preguntas de opinión de cumplimentación anónima, se concluyó que el alum- nado consideró muy útil el uso de la pizarra digital en la dinámica de clase y vol- vería a proponer su uso para el próximo curso. En próximas ediciones, se espera continuar con el fomento de la participación activa y el aprendizaje autónomo del alumnado, a partir de la aplicación de la sistematización en la enseñanza. Palabras clave: Diseño y Análisis de Datos en Psicología I, Grado en Psicología, docencia universitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, pizarra virtual.
Adaptación de un Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) centrado en las ideas previas resistentes
Authors: Vargas Romero Juan Pedro
Published: April 2022

El Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) que se presenta, se ha llevado a cabo en la asignatura Psicología de la Atención y de la Percepción del Grado en Psicolo- gía. El objetivo del CIMA ha sido llevar a cabo una identificación de ideas previas de difícil modificación y orientar la intervención hacia su modificación. Mediante un plan de actividades que el alumnado tiene que trabajar tanto autónomamente como en grupo, se persigue potenciar el aprendizaje significativo de los conteni- dos de la materia. Palabras clave: Psicología de la percepción, grado en psicología, docencia uni- versitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, experimentación docente universitaria.
Aprendiendo en el laboratorio. Aplicación de un ciclo de mejora en las prácticas de Química Analítica I del Grado en Química
Authors: Román Hidalgo Cristina
Published: April 2022

En este trabajo se incluyen los resultados de la aplicación de un ciclo de me- jora en las prácticas de laboratorio de la asignatura Química Analítica I impartida en el segundo curso del Grado en Química. El ciclo de mejora se ha aplicado du- rante dos sesiones de 4 horas cada una en torno a una temática principal, la ca- lidad del agua, mediante el desarrollo de dos experiencias prácticas enlazadas como son ladeterminación de la dureza y el contenido en cloruros de una muestra de agua. Se ha aplicado un modelo metodológico centrado en el alumno, quien tiene un papel activo y protagonista en el proceso de aprendizaje, siguiendo un mapa de contenidos y una secuencia de actividades elaboradas acorde a los ob- jetivos de las prácticas. Finalmente, se ha llevado a cabo el análisis y evaluación de la aplicación del ciclo de mejora con el fin de sacar conclusiones e informa- ción de utilidad para redefinir y perfeccionar nuestra práctica docente. Palabras clave: Química Analítica I, Grado en Química, docencia universitaria, experimentación docente universitaria, aprendizaje.
Propaganda i artyzm. Smoleńsk w ikonografii króla Zygmunta III
Authors: Czajewski Jerzy
Published: April 2022

PROPAGANDA AND ARTISTRY: SMOLENSK IN THE ICONOGRAPHY OF KING SIGISMUND III In 1611 the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth regained Smolensk. King Sigismundus Vasa started image-building activities: a visual commemoration of the victory. Works of art (medallic art, graphics, painting) were addressed especially to Western audiences. Both the iconography and the title of the ruler changed (new term: prince of Smolensk). The question remains as to the effectiveness of royal propaganda in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, where the absolute ruler was not the king, but the collective egoism of the nobility.
Galicja i Wołyń w zrealizowanych w Austrii filmach żydowskich
Authors: Włodek Roman
Published: April 2022

GALICIA AND VOLHYNIA IN JEWISH FILMS MADE IN AUSTRIA During her performances in Galicia, Molly Picon, an American Jewish actress, became acquainted with the world of Eastern Orthodoxy. It turned out to be an excellent topic for a film. The comic film East and West (1923; Polish title Wschod i Zachod, Yiddish title Mizrekh un mayrev) ponders on rigid adherence to religious traditions, suggesting that allegiance to one’s natal religion does not preclude openness to other faith traditions. The drama Jiskor (1924), based on the play by Harry Sackler, takes place in Volhynia in the 18th century. It is a story of an upstanding Jew who, despite repeated temptation, refuses to renounce his principles, with tragic results. The film includes Maurice Schwartz’s band, on tour in Europe at the time. Both films, directed by Sydney M. Goldin, observe the close-knit nature of the Galician shtetl and the life of Jews in magnate estates. For the contemporary Polish audience, the most interesting aspect of both films is the depiction of the sociopolitical status of Jews vis-a-vis Poles in the mid-1920s (i.e., the nature of Jewish life, political awareness of Jews, issues of dignity, and anti-Semitism).
Fragmentations of Histoire(s) du Cinema: From Cinema to Post-cinema
Authors: Lipiński Kamil
Published: April 2022

The article aims to retrace the fragmentary form of the project Histoire(s) du Cinéma in the light of the dialectical tensions in-between the pictures. Several critical commentaries starting a dialogue with visual arts, i. e, those of Ranciére, Château, Witt, Didi-Huberman will be discussed. The assumption of the “death of cinema” which addresses the shift from cinema to post-cinema in a double helix spread between the insight into the history of the cinema and its reference to visual culture is also advanced. It is congruent with the ideas of Le Musée imaginaire by André Malraux and Musé de Cinéma by Henri Langlois. Godard’s discussion constructs a genealogy of seeing, image-making as historically- determined and philosophically-oriented. In pursuing the above, the author makes also an epistemological diagnosis to render multifarious problems such as the disintegration of the unity of one image by superposition, juxtaposing, overriding, name-dropping, and audiovisual reverberation.
EVALUASI IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH PANDES PROGRAM PLUS TAHUN AJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Andrianto Andrianto , Suyitno Suyitno
Published: April 2022

This study aims to describe the achievements of the character education program in the implementation of Teaching and Learning Activities, extracurricular activities, and the implementation of the character education program at SD Muhammadiyah Pandes. This study uses the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, and Product) model as a tool for evaluation. The method used in this research is descriptive. Collecting data in the evaluation process, namely interviews, observation, document study, and questionnaires. The data analysis techniques used in this study were data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Sources of data were obtained from school principals, homeroom teachers, educators/teachers, students in grades 4, 5, and 6 as well as 10 representatives of guardians from grades 4, 5, and 6. The results showed that the character education program has achieved excellent results. Implemented by school residents. Among them at the context stage, the average achievement is in the high category, at the input stage in the high category, at the process stage in the high category, and at the product stage in the high category. Overall the character education program has met the standard criteria. Overall the character education program has met the standard criteria, but there are several focuses that need to be improved including, 1) the principal to make a decree for the character education task team, 2) the teacher to remain committed and increase the application of character values in daily school activities, 3) Students carry out character education programs that are held at school well and participate actively, 4) Parents must continue to work together with the school and pay special attention to their children by fostering and educating through habitual behavior and good behavior in everyday life.
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN SPASIAL SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH GEOMETRI: SEBUAH STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Lestari Dinar Dwi Putri , Naila Ishmatun
Published: April 2022

Spatial abilities fall into the category of essential subjects for elementary school students to master, especially mathematics. The fact that students' mathematical abilities, especially spatial abilities, are still relatively low is inevitable. One of the reasons for students' low mathematical ability is the abstract mathematical characteristics, for example, in geometry. This study aims to collect as much literature as possible to explore the study of elementary school students' spatial ability profile with content analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that the students' low spatial abilities can be influenced by strategies and high-order thinking skills.
Efektivitas Pemanfaatan Media Miniatur untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran IPA Kelas V SD Muhammadiyah Bantul Kota
Authors: Viyani Sri Octa , Putra Lovandri Dwanda
Published: April 2022

Pada kegiatan belajar siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami konsep materi sehingga berimbas pada penurunan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, guru dapat memanfaatkan media belajar. Dilakukannya penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain Quasi Experimental Design, untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemanfaatan media miniatur terhadap peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPA. Subjek penelitian ini siswa kelas V SD, didapatkan 2 kelas yakni kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan media miniatur dan dilaksanakan selama tiga siklus. Pengumpulan data dari hasil Pre-Test dan Post-Test, lembar observasi serta lembar angket motivasi belajar. Pada penelitian ini, melakukan uji Normalized gain atau N-gain score untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemanfaatan media miniatur untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPA. Didapatkan nilai rata-rata N-gain Score kelas eksperimen yakni 65,58% termasuk dalam kategori efektif. Dengan nilai N-gain Score minimal yakni 25% dan maksimal 100%. Sedangkan kelas kontrol nilai rata-rata N-gain Score yakni 21,38% termasuk dalam kategori tidak efektif. Dengan nilai minimal -25% dan maksimal 55%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan media miniatur efektif untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPA kelas V SD Muhammadiyah Bantul Kota.
PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN HOTS SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Indrati Mega Arlisyah Giri , Wardani Imas Srinana , Irianto Apri
Published: April 2022

This research is motivated by the low HOTS ability of students in elementary schools because during the learning process students are less accustomed to critical thinking, creative thinking, solving problems, and making decisions during the learning process. The application of HOTS in teaching and mentoring teachers about HOTS learning is still lacking. The aim of this research is to know the effect of the scientific approach on the HOTS ability of students in elementary schools. This study uses quantitative research with experimental and control research types. The research subjects consisted of 27 students in grade IV A and IV B 25 students at SDN Kebondalem Mojosari. The collection method uses tests. The study used the normality test, homogeneity test and t-test using the SPSS version 25 application. The results of the normality test for the experimental class (0.188) and the control class (0.156). The result of the homogeneity test is (0.668).Â From the results of the normality test and the homogeneity test, it shows that the t-test results obtained, namely the Sig (2-tailed) value is (0,000) so that the value is less than (0.05). So it can be concluded that the scientific approach has a good impact on the HOTS ability of students in elementary schools.
Uso de formigas para identificação de mini-corredores ecológicos na APA Itacaré/Serra Grande, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Alves Hilda Susele Rodrigues , Delabie Jacques Hubert Charles , Nascimento Ivan Cardoso , Santos José Raimundo Maia dos , Oliveira Raquel Maria , Moreau Maurício Santana
Published: April 2022

The Area of Environmental Protection (APA) Costa Itacaré-Serra Grande encloses part of the counties of Ilhéus, Uruçuca and Itacaré which is inserted in the Central Corridor of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (CCMA). There is no study identifying the areas making viable the implantation of ecological corridors in this APA. This study is an analysis of the use of ants as a tool for evaluating the support capacity of fragmented land for mini-corridors implantation between forest remnants. A study on series of Formicidae already available in the collection of the Laboratório de Mirmecologia was carried out. The ant diversity was compared in eight areas distributed in three kinds of environments: forest (four areas), cocoa plantations (two) and pastures (two). The species diversity in the forest and cacao plantations was larger that in the pastures. We identified 234 ant species belonging to 55 genera in 27 tribes and ten sub-families. Six of these were selected as possible biological indicators: Apterostigma, Camponotus, Ectatomma, Pachycondyla, Pheidole and Wasmannia. The most specious were Apterostigma, Pachycondyla and Pheidole, indicating good condition of conservation in forest and cocoa plantations. Although only four species of Wasmannia were found, the situation of the fragments where this genus occurs is of concern due to its frequency in a high rate of samples. One species is a well known indicator of environmental degradation (Wasmannia auropunctata), commonly observed in pastures and cocoa plantations. The most propitious fragments to the mini-corridor implantation are those with the greatest richness in Apterostigma, Pachycondyla and Pheidole species and with a low relative frequency of W. auropunctata.
Um estudo sobre a abordagem da Classe Insecta nos livros didáticos de Ciências
Authors: Cardoso Jaqueline dos Santos , Carvalho Karine Santana , Teixeira Paulo Marcelo M.
Published: April 2022

This paper describes results of a study which analyze the subject “insects” in science textbook from the sixth grade at a fundamental level. The analysis was based on the following criteria: the general features of the text the general approach of the subject and focus on the ecology. The methodological processes were based on “documentary analysis”. The textbook analysis reveals that the approach of the subject favours morpho-physiological aspects in the anthropocentric viewpoint that tends to consider the insects only from the point of view of human interests. In that way, the textbook focuses only partially on ecologic al subjects that include the insects.
As plantas medicinais referenciadas pelo cirurgião e naturalista pernambucano Joaquim Jerônimo Serpa (1773-1842): uma ponte entre o passado e a atualidade
Authors: Almeida Argus Vasconcelos de , Luna Patrícia Dantas Cavalcanti , Santana Thaís Honorato , Lima Vilma Ribeiro de
Published: April 2022

This work has a main focus to acquire knowledge of medicinal plants referenced by the surgeon and naturalist Joaquim Jerônimo Serpa (1773-1842) correlating the plants referenced by him with his current therapeutic use. To enable comparison of this data, a literature review and a construction of a database was made and identified where possible scientific names of such plants, designations of Serpa and their current names, with their parts and uses. Of the 49 species of medicinal plants referenced by Serpa, 43 are recognized at present time and only 6 have no current therapeutic applications. We completed by the high persistence and reproduction over time of the therapeutic use of medicinal plants referenced by Serpa: more than 85% are still used in popular medicine in the region or its principle assets are being searched.
Perfil sócio-econômico e saber etnobiológico do catador de caranguejo-uçá, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) da Área de Proteção Ambiental do Delta do Rio Parnaíba
Authors: Linhares Jussiara Candeira Spíndola , Góes Lissandra Corrêa Fernandes , Góes João Marcos de , Legat Jefferson Francisco Alves
Published: April 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi observar o perfil sócio-econômico do catador de caranguejo-uçá da APA do Delta do Rio Parnaíba, assim como verificar seu conhecimento sobre a biologia e a interação com o meio e leis de defeso dessa espécie. Vinte e seis catadores foram entrevistados no período de agosto de 2005 a julho de 2006. Nas entrevistas, havia perguntas sobre sua situação social, relações tróficas do caranguejo-uçá, sua biologia, formas de captura, defeso e conservação do manguezal. Todos eram do sexo masculino, com idade entre 16 e 51 anos, com tempo médio de 22 anos de profissão, catando cerca de 51 caranguejos por dia durante a estação chuvosa e 83 na estação seca, e indo ao mangue geralmente quatro vezes por semana. A renda média familiar mensal era R$291,00. Dos catadores, 92,3% afirmaram conhecer o período de defeso, porém, destes apenas 61,5% conheciam o período correto. De acordo com os catadores, o período de muda do caranguejo ocorre de agosto a outubro, mesmos meses citados para ocorrência do “caranguejo-leite”. Eles reconhecem e respeitam o período da “andada” que ocorre de janeiro a março. A ocorrência de fêmeas ovígeras acontece em sincronia com a “andada”, de janeiro a abril. Os catadores afirmam que os caranguejos se alimentam de folhas, raízes e brotos, e que seus principais predadores são o macaco-prego e o guaxinim. Entre eles, 69,2% perceberam a diminuição do tamanho do pescado e o aumento do esforço na captura. O estudo do conhecimento etnobiológico dos catadores pode servir de base para trabalhos que visem à preservação desse pescado, assim como para a conservação e exploração sustentável do seu ecossistema.
Informações sobre o ouriço-do-mar Echinometra lucunter (Linnaeus, 1758) (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) para o litoral de Salvador e adjacências
Authors: Carneiro Livan Santos , Cerqueira Walter Ramos Pinto
Published: April 2022

O presente texto tem como objetivos apresentar uma revisão dos trabalhos realizados com o gênero Echinometra e fornecer informações qualitativas sobre a espécie Echinometra lucunter no litoral da cidade de Salvador e adjacências. Após levantamento bibliográfico, constatou-se que os temas mais conhecidos sobre Echinometra são sobre Sistemática e Taxonomia, Biogeografia e História Geológica, Ecologia e Importância Econômica. Das informações qualitativas observadas ao longo de diversos trabalhos, de caráter didático e científico feitos em campo, constatamos que E. lucunter é muito comum em substratos rochosos, apresenta variações na morfologia, ocupa diferentes hábitats de acordo com seus estádios de crescimento e é apreciada por nativos como alimento.
A REGULARIZAÇÃO FUNDIÁRIA E O DIREITO À CIDADE: O CASO DOS CONJUNTOS HABITACIONAIS CONSTRUÍDOS PELA URBIS
Authors: Bitencourt da Silva Lidiane
Published: April 2022

A Habitação e Urbanização da Bahia S.A, mais conhecida como URBIS, é uma sociedade por ações, de economia mista, constituída pelo governo do estado da Bahia, por meio da Lei nº 2114, de 04 de janeiro de 1965. Segundo o aludido diploma legal, esta sociedade surgiu com o intento primordial de construir habitações higiênicas, de tipo individual, para o alcance de famílias de escassos recursos.
Identificação de potenciais inibidores frente a enzima 3- desidroquinato desidratase do Mycobacterium tuberculosis por abordagem in silico
Authors: Cardoso Andressa Rios
Published: April 2022

A tuberculose é uma doença infectocontagiosa causada pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis que permanece como um importante problema de saúde pública mundial. Problemas relacionados à adesão terapêutica são um dos grandes fatores que contribuem para a ineficácia no tratamento (Who, 2015), além disso, a resistência natural à maioria dos antibióticos, é em geral, difícil de tratar, por conta constituição da parede celular micobacteriana, que funciona como barreira física a muitos fármacos (Andrade et al, 2008).
Avaliação da atividade biológica de extrato metanólico da Xylopia laevigata
Authors: Micaele Lima Nascimento Laila
Published: April 2022

Ainda hoje, muitas comunidades fazem uso de plantas medicinais para o tratamento de diversas enfermidades. Apesar de pouco explorada, a grande biodiversidade da flora brasileira apresenta uma variedade de espécies que dispõem de grande poder terapêutico, exibindo uma importante fonte de obtenção de novos fármacos.
Sobre la conservació del fons antic a les biblioteques regionals de les comunitats autònomes
Authors: Herrera Morillas José Luis
Published: April 2022

Objectiu: conèixer els principals aspectes relacionats amb la conservació de les col·leccions de fons antic de les catorze biblioteques regionals de les comunitats autònomes.
 Metodologia: disseny d'un qüestionari, basat en l'estudi dels principis, pautes, estàndards que guien la conservació i preservació de col·leccions de fons antic. El qüestionari està format per trenta-nou preguntes distribuïdes en set apartats, que han contestat totes les biblioteques (entre novembre de 2018 i gener de 2019). S'avaluen aspectes de la gestió de la conservació de les col·leccions de fons antic i se’n descriuen els trets principals comparant-los amb dos models de referència (de la Unesco i de la Rebiun).
 Resultats: les respostes al qüestionari aporten dades relatives a diferents aspectes: si compten amb normatives pròpies que guiïn la conservació del fons antic (sis biblioteques); si utilitzen normatives o estàndards aliens (vuit biblioteques); si han definit un pla de preservació preventiva (cinc biblioteques); si empren caixes tancades de material no àcid per a fullets o un altre tipus de materials especials de petit format (deu biblioteques); si compten amb mesures de control de la il·luminació artificial (deu biblioteques); si apliquen mesures de control d'humitat (tretze biblioteques); si han fixat condicions per a la consulta dels usuaris (dotze biblioteques) i requisits per a la manipulació de les obres per part dels usuaris(nou biblioteques); si tenen projectes de digitalització (tretze biblioteques) i plans de restauració (dues biblioteques), etc. També s'han establert classificacions de les biblioteques segons la seva posició quant al compliment dels models de referència, les Guidelines de la Unesco (Castella-la Manxa, Catalunya, Galícia, Madrid, etc.) i les Normes de la Rebiun (Catalunya, Castella i Lleó, Murcia, Extremadura, etc.), i en relació amb la política de conservació que reflecteixen les respostes donades al qüestionari (Catalunya, Castella-la Manxa, Madrid, etc.).
Heading-sensitive azimuth error analysis and scheme modification for the multi-position alignment of a fiber-optic gyro strapdown inertial navigation system
Authors: Jiang Yifu , Li Sihai , Fu Qiangwen , Yan Gongmin , Xie Bo
Published: April 2022

As two-position is the most widely used scheme of multi-position alignment, azimuth error analysis regarding the whole alignment procedure as an entity is explicitly discussed. A formula to calculate an equivalent north accelerometer bias drift rate is developed. The effecting extent of each inertial measurement error is also theoretically deduced and validated through simulation. It is pointed out that the main error sources causing heading-sensitive azimuth error are accelerometer triad non-orthogonality and lever arm error. In a Kalman filter alignment algorithm, affected by the equivalent accelerometer bias change rate, extra azimuth error emerges from the mistake estimation of fiber-optic gyroscope drift. A three-sequence scheme and a reciprocating slow-rotation scheme are proposed to achieve the most inertial measurement error self-compensation. Theoretical error comparison and a turntable four-orientation alignment test show the superiority of the reciprocating slow-rotation scheme over the other two schemes. The heading-sensitive azimuth alignment error is reduced from 0.2268° to better than 0.0015° through scheme modification.
Design and simulation of a plasmonic density nanosensor for polarizable gases
Authors: Moeinimaleki Babak , Kaatuzian Hassan , Livani Abdolber-Mallah
Published: April 2022

In this paper, an optical method of measuring the mass density of polarizable gases is proposed using a plasmonic refractive index nano-sensor. Plasmonic sensors can detect very small changes in the refracting index of arbitrary dielectric materials. However, attributing them to a specific application needs more elaboration of the material’s refractive index unit’s (RIU) relation with the introduced application. In a gaseous medium, the optical properties of molecules are related to their dipole moment polarizability. Hence, the theoretical index–density relation of Lorentz–Lorenz is applied in the proposed sensing mechanism to interpret changes in the gas’ refractive index and to changes in its density. The proposed plasmonic mass density sensor shows a sensitivity of

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for methane gas in the visible light region. This sensor can be integrated with photonic circuits for gas sensing purposes.
Spin–orbit periodic conversion in a gradient-index fiber
Authors: Yin Xiaojin , Zhao Chungang , Yang Chen , Li Jinhong
Published: April 2022

The characteristics of the cylindrical vector beam (CVB) and the cylindrical vector vortex beam (CVVB) in a radial gradient-index (GRIN) fiber are analyzed on the basis of the generalized Huygens–Fresnel principle. The CVB and CVVB exhibit periodic and stable transmission characteristics in the radial GRIN fiber. In the beam with a vortex phase (CVVB), the polarization changes and the spin angular momentum (SAM) is detected at the focal plane of the radial GRIN fiber. A spin–orbit periodic conversion is observed in the radial GRIN fibers. Finally, the SAM expression of partially coherent light is deduced and verified via a simulation.
All2: A tool for selecting mosaic mutations from comprehensive multi-cell comparisons
Authors: Sarangi Vivekananda , Jang Yeongjun , Suvakov Milovan , Bae Taejeong , Fasching Liana , Sekar Shobana , Tomasini Livia , Mariani Jessica , Vaccarino Flora M. , Abyzov Alexej
Published: April 2022

Accurate discovery of somatic mutations in a cell is a challenge that partially lays in immaturity of dedicated analytical approaches. Approaches comparing a cell’s genome to a control bulk sample miss common mutations, while approaches to find such mutations from bulk suffer from low sensitivity. We developed a tool, All2, which enables accurate filtering of mutations in a cell without the need for data from bulk(s). It is based on pair-wise comparisons of all cells to each other where every call for base pair substitution and indel is classified as either a germline variant, mosaic mutation, or false positive. As All2 allows for considering dropped-out regions, it is applicable to whole genome and exome analysis of cloned and amplified cells. By applying the approach to a variety of available data, we showed that its application reduces false positives, enables sensitive discovery of high frequency mutations, and is indispensable for conducting high resolution cell lineage tracing.
Predicting the functional impact of KCNQ1 variants with artificial neural networks
Authors: Phul Saksham , Kuenze Georg , Vanoye Carlos G. , Sanders Charles R. , George Alfred L. , Meiler Jens
Published: April 2022

Recent advances in experimental and computational protein structure determination have provided access to high-quality structures for most human proteins and mutants thereof. However, linking changes in structure in protein mutants to functional impact remains an active area of method development. If successful, such methods can ultimately assist physicians in taking appropriate treatment decisions. This work presents three artificial neural network (ANN)-based predictive models that classify four key functional parameters of KCNQ1 variants as normal or dysfunctional using PSSM-based evolutionary and/or biophysical descriptors. Recent advances in predicting protein structure and variant properties with artificial intelligence (AI) rely heavily on the availability of evolutionary features and thus fail to directly assess the biophysical underpinnings of a change in structure and/or function. The central goal of this work was to develop an ANN model based on structure and physiochemical properties of KCNQ1 potassium channels that performs comparably or better than algorithms using only on PSSM-based evolutionary features. These biophysical features highlight the structure-function relationships that govern protein stability, function, and regulation. The input sensitivity algorithm incorporates the roles of hydrophobicity, polarizability, and functional densities on key functional parameters of the KCNQ1 channel. Inclusion of the biophysical features outperforms exclusive use of PSSM-based evolutionary features in predicting activation voltage dependence and deactivation time. As AI is increasingly applied to problems in biology, biophysical understanding will be critical with respect to ‘explainable AI’, i.e., understanding the relation of sequence, structure, and function of proteins. Our model is available at www.kcnq1predict.org.
Cell type-specific mechanisms of information transfer in data-driven biophysical models of hippocampal CA3 principal neurons
Authors: Linaro Daniele , Levy Matthew J. , Hunt David L.
Published: April 2022

The transformation of synaptic input into action potential output is a fundamental single-cell computation resulting from the complex interaction of distinct cellular morphology and the unique expression profile of ion channels that define the cellular phenotype. Experimental studies aimed at uncovering the mechanisms of the transfer function have led to important insights, yet are limited in scope by technical feasibility, making biophysical simulations an attractive complementary approach to push the boundaries in our understanding of cellular computation. Here we take a data-driven approach by utilizing high-resolution morphological reconstructions and patch-clamp electrophysiology data together with a multi-objective optimization algorithm to build two populations of biophysically detailed models of murine hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons based on the two principal cell types that comprise this region. We evaluated the performance of these models and find that our approach quantitatively matches the cell type-specific firing phenotypes and recapitulate the intrinsic population-level variability in the data. Moreover, we confirm that the conductance values found by the optimization algorithm are consistent with differentially expressed ion channel genes in single-cell transcriptomic data for the two cell types. We then use these models to investigate the cell type-specific biophysical properties involved in the generation of complex-spiking output driven by synaptic input through an information-theoretic treatment of their respective transfer functions. Our simulations identify a host of cell type-specific biophysical mechanisms that define the morpho-functional phenotype to shape the cellular transfer function and place these findings in the context of a role for bursting in CA3 recurrent network synchronization dynamics.
Efficient estimation of SNP heritability using Gaussian predictive process in large scale cohort studies
Authors: Seal Souvik , Datta Abhirup , Basu Saonli
Published: April 2022

With the advent of high throughput genetic data, there have been attempts to estimate heritability from genome-wide SNP data on a cohort of distantly related individuals using linear mixed model (LMM). Fitting such an LMM in a large scale cohort study, however, is tremendously challenging due to its high dimensional linear algebraic operations. In this paper, we propose a new method named PredLMM approximating the aforementioned LMM motivated by the concepts of genetic coalescence and Gaussian predictive process. PredLMM has substantially better computational complexity than most of the existing LMM based methods and thus, provides a fast alternative for estimating heritability in large scale cohort studies. Theoretically, we show that under a model of genetic coalescence, the limiting form of our approximation is the celebrated predictive process approximation of large Gaussian process likelihoods that has well-established accuracy standards. We illustrate our approach with extensive simulation studies and use it to estimate the heritability of multiple quantitative traits from the UK Biobank cohort.
Perspectives of frontline health workers on transition from development assistance for health in Ghana: A qualitative study
Authors: Appiah-Kubi Sandra , Mao Wenhui , Koduah Augustina , Aryeetey Genevieve Cecilia , Ogbuoji Osondu , Nonvignon Justice
Published: April 2022

Many Low-income countries depend on development assistance for health (DAH) to finance the health sector. The transition of these countries to middle-income status has led to reduction in effective aid from development partners while these countries are expected to graduate from global funding agencies such as Gavi the vaccine alliance, with implications for service delivery. The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of frontline health workers regarding the implications of Ghana’s transition to middle-income status on service delivery, the likely impact and opportunities it presents to the country. This exploratory qualitative study employed in-depth interviews to collect data from 16 health workers at three hospitals in the Greater Accra Region; one at the regional level and two at the district level. The study was conducted from December 2019 to July 2020. Data from interviews were transcribed, coded and analysed using thematic analysis in NVivo Qualitative Analysis Software version 12. The level of awareness among frontline workers about the transition and decline in DAH was generally low. Nonetheless, frontline health workers perceived that the country seems inadequately prepared for transition as donors continue to be major financiers for the sector and even for emergencies such as the current COVID-19 global pandemic. Potential challenges facilities would face due to transition may include difficulty in funding health programs, human resource challenges and delays in logistics and medicines. The implications for these will be poor health outcomes, defective monitoring and evaluation, and lapses in training programs. In addition, the perceived barriers to transition identified were poor management of resources, political interference and lack of technical expertise. While opportunities such as improvement of the health sector prioritization and efficiency, private sector involvement and autonomy could be gained. Gaps in the health intervention monitoring resulting from DAH transition could pose affect health outcomes, particularly in respect of HIV, tuberculosis and malaria. The country’s preparedness to transition from DAH could be better improved with development of a clear transition plan agreed by stakeholders, including government and in-country development partners. For the health sector, the eligibility for DAH transition should not simply be based on economic growth, but importantly on a country’s ability to sustain ongoing and upcoming health programs.
Prevalence and risk factors of urogenital schistosomiasis among under-fives in Mtama District in the Lindi region of Tanzania
Authors: Mushi Vivian , Zacharia Abdallah , Shao Magdalena , Mubi Marycelina , Tarimo Donath
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Despite the ongoing intervention for schistosomiasis control among school-age children in the Lindi region of Tanzania, urogenital schistosomiasis continues to be a public health problem, presumably because other at-risk populations are not covered in praziquantel deworming campaigns. Evidence shows that under-fives become infected in their early life hence the need to understand the disease profile and the risk factors for exposure to infection so as to plan effective control strategies in this group. This study examined the prevalence and risk factors of urogenital schistosomiasis among under-fives in the Mtama district, Lindi region of Tanzania.

Methodology/Principal findings

A quantitative community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 770 participants (385 under-fives and their 385 parents/guardians) in the Mtama district to investigate the burden and the risk factors associated with S. haematobium infection. A single urine specimen was collected from the under-fives and tested for macro and microhaematuria, presence of S. haematobium ova, and intensity of infection. A structured questionnaire gathered on risk factors for S. haematobium exposure in under-fives from their parents/guardians. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression.

Prevalence of S. haematobium ova was 16.9%, and that of macro and microhaematuria was 6% and 17.9%, respectively. Of the 65 positive under-fives, 49 (75.4%) 95% CI 65.4–86.3 had a light infection intensity, and 16 (24.6%) 95% CI 13.7–35.5 had a heavy infection intensity. Among the assessed risk factors, the parents/guardians habit of visiting water bodies for domestic routines (AOR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.13–1.74), especially the river (AOR: 6.00, 95% CI: 1.20–35.12), was found to be a significant risk factor for infection of S. haematobium in under-fives.

Conclusion/Significance

A moderate prevalence of S. haematobium was found among the under-fives conceivably with adverse health events. The infected under-fives could be a source of continuity for transmission in the community. An intervention that covers this group is necessary and should be complemented with regular screening, health education campaigns, and an adequate supply of safe water.
Characterization of BLUF-photoreceptors present in Acinetobacter nosocomialis
Authors: Abatedaga Inés , Perez Mora Bárbara , Tuttobene Marisel , Müller Gabriela , Biancotti Daiana , Borsarelli Claudio D. , Valle Lorena , Mussi Maria A.
Published: April 2022

Acinetobacter nosocomialis is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, whose ability to cause disease in humans is well recognized. Blue light has been shown to modulate important physiological traits related to persistence and virulence in this microorganism. In this work, we characterized the three Blue Light sensing Using FAD (BLUF) domain-containing proteins encoded in the A. nosocomialis genome, which account for the only canonical light sensors present in this microorganism. By focusing on a light-modulated bacterial process such as motility, the temperature dependence of light regulation was studied, as well as the expression pattern and spectroscopic characteristics of the different A. nosocomialis BLUFs. Our results show that the BLUF-containing proteins AnBLUF65 and AnBLUF46 encode active photoreceptors in the light-regulatory temperature range when expressed recombinantly. In fact, AnBLUF65 is an active photoreceptor in the temperature range from 15°C to 37°C, while AnBLUF46 between 15°C to 32°C, in vitro. In vivo, only the Acinetobacter baumannii BlsA’s ortholog AnBLUF65 was expressed in A. nosocomialis cells recovered from motility plates. Moreover, complementation assays showed that AnBLUF65 is able to mediate light regulation of motility in A. baumannii ΔblsA strain at 30°C, confirming its role as photoreceptor and in modulation of motility by light. Intra-protein interactions analyzed using 3D models built based on A. baumannii´s BlsA photoreceptor, show that hydrophobic/aromatic intra-protein interactions may contribute to the stability of dark/light- adapted states of the studied proteins, reinforcing the previous notion on the importance of these interactions in BLUF photoreceptors. Overall, the results presented here reveal the presence of BLUF photoreceptors in A. nosocomialis with idiosyncratic characteristics respect to the previously characterized A. baumannii’s BlsA, both regarding the photoactivity temperature-dependency as well as expression patterns, contributing thus to broaden our knowledge on the BLUF family.
Late date of human arrival to North America: Continental scale differences in stratigraphic integrity of pre-13,000 BP archaeological sites
Authors: Surovell Todd A. , Allaun Sarah A. , Crass Barbara A. , Gingerich Joseph A. M. , Graf Kelly E. , Holmes Charles E. , Kelly Robert L. , Kornfeld Marcel , Krasinski Kathryn E. , Larson Mary Lou , Pelton Spencer R. , Wygal Brian T.
Published: April 2022

By 13,000 BP human populations were present across North America, but the exact date of arrival to the continent, especially areas south of the continental ice sheets, remains unclear. Here we examine patterns in the stratigraphic integrity of early North American sites to gain insight into the timing of first colonization. We begin by modeling stratigraphic mixing of multicomponent archaeological sites to identify signatures of stratigraphic integrity in vertical artifact distributions. From those simulations, we develop a statistic we call the Apparent Stratigraphic Integrity Index (ASI), which we apply to pre- and post-13,000 BP archaeological sites north and south of the continental ice sheets. We find that multiple early Beringian sites dating between 13,000 and 14,200 BP show excellent stratigraphic integrity. Clear signs of discrete and minimally disturbed archaeological components do not appear south of the ice sheets until the Clovis period. These results provide support for a relatively late date of human arrival to the Americas.
The impact of Stress Management and Resilience Training (SMART) on academic physicians during the implementation of a new Health Information System: An exploratory randomized controlled trial
Authors: Spilg Edward G. , Kuk Hanna , Ananny Lesley , McNeill Kylie , LeBlanc Vicki , Bauer Brent A. , Sood Amit , Wells Philip S.
Published: April 2022

Objective

The Stress Management and Resilience Training (SMART) program is an evidence-based intervention designed to build resilience in physicians in clinical practice. The objective of the current study was to assess the impact of the SMART program on academic physicians’ levels of resilience, subjective happiness, stress, and anxiety, and specifically during the implementation of a new hospital-wide Health Information System (HIS).

Methods

A total of 40 physicians in a tertiary care academic hospital were randomized (allocation ratio 1:1) to either the SMART intervention or the control condition. The SMART intervention consisted of one mandatory two-hour in-person workshop and an optional 24-week online program, designed to support the materials delivered in the workshop. Outcome measures were assessed using validated scales administered online at baseline and at 3-months and 6-months follow-up.

Results

After adjusting for baseline levels of each outcome, no statistically significant intervention effect was observed for resilience, subjective happiness, stress or anxiety at 3-months or 6-months follow-up. However, physicians in the intervention group demonstrated improvements in resilience, stress and anxiety at follow-up that were within the range of clinically relevant differences.

Conclusions

The findings of this exploratory study provide modest support that the SMART intervention may be beneficial for proactively addressing physician wellness during the implementation of a new HIS and that larger randomized trials are warranted.

Trial registration

NCT04384861.