bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Perkursor terhadap Sifat Listrik dari Lapisan Tipis
Authors: Rindiani Maiyola , Sanjaya Hary , Budiman Septian
Published: November 2023

A thin layer is a layer made from organic or non-organic materials which are semiconductors, conductors and insulators. This research aims to determine the effect of precursor concentration on the electrical properties of thin films. Variations in precursor concentration used were 0.025 M, 0.05 M, and 0.075 M. CuSnO3 thin films were characterized by UV-DRS, XRD, FPP, and SEM. The method used in this research is sol-gel. The sol-gel process is used because of its ability to control the surface properties of oxide composites. The results of the band-gap test the variation in precursor concentration obtained by the band-gap value becomes smaller with increasing concentration. The lowest band-gap value in variations in adding an MEA volume of 2 ml, the optimum band-gap value is 2.1706 eV. The results of the FPP test on a thin layer of CuSnO3 precursor concentration of 0.05 M with an optimum MEA of 2 ml obtained a resistivity value of 0.0005671 Ωm with a conductivity value of 173.5809 Ω^(-1) m^(-1).
Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Karakter Religius Siswa di MAS Al-Madani Kecamatan Luhak Nan Duo Kabupaten Pasaman Barat
Authors: Rizky Pricilia Eveline , Jasrial Jasrial
Published: November 2023

This research was motivated by problems found in the religious character education of students at MAS Al-Madani, Luhak Nan Duo District, West Pasaman Regency. This research aims to explore information about the Implementation of Student Religious Character Education at MAS Al-Madani, Luhak Nan Duo District, West Pasaman Regency in terms of Tolerance, Sincerity, Honesty, Responsibility and Cooperation. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. Total 66 students (population) and 66 people (sample). Sampling used a total sampling technique considering the number of samples was less than one hundred. The instrument used was a questionnaire with a Likert scale model with 48 items. The data collection instrument was carried out with five answer choices, namely Always (SL), Often (SR), Sometimes (KD), Rarely (JR), Never (TP). The implementation of students' religious character education seen from the Tolerance dimension obtained an average score of 4.05. The implementation of students' religious character education seen from the Honesty dimension obtained an average score of 3.86 in the good category. The implementation of students' religious character education seen from the Ikhlas dimension obtained an average score of 3.7 in the good category. Student services seen from the Collaborative Responsibility dimension obtained an average score of 3.78 in the good category. The implementation of students' religious character education seen from the Ikhlas dimension obtained an average score of 3.95 in the good category. Thus, it can be concluded that 5 indicators out of 11 sub-indicators achieved good criteria with an average score of 3.87.
Explainable drug repurposing via path-based knowledge graph completion
Authors: Jimenez Ana , Merino María José , Parras Juan , Zazo Santiago
Published: November 2023

Drug repurposing aims to find new therapeutic applications for existing drugs in the pharmaceutical market, leading to significant savings in time and cost. The use of artificial intelligence and knowledge graphs to propose repurposing candidates facilitates the process, as large amounts of data can be processed. However, it is important to pay attention to the explainability needed to validate the predictions. We propose a general architecture to understand several explainable methods for graph completion based on knowledge graphs and design our own architecture for drug repurposing. We present XG4Repo (eXplainable Graphs for Repurposing), a framework that takes advantage of the connectivity of any biomedical knowledge graph to link compounds to the diseases they can treat. Our method allows methapaths of different types and lengths, which are automatically generated and optimised based on data. XG4Repo focusses on providing meaningful explanations to the predictions, which are based on paths from compounds to diseases. These paths include nodes such as genes, pathways, side effects, or anatomies, so they provide information about the targets and other characteristics of the biomedical mechanism that link compounds and diseases. Paths make predictions interpretable for experts who can validate them and use them in further research on drug repurposing. We also describe three use cases where we analyse new uses for Epirubicin, Paclitaxel, and Predinisone and present the paths that support the predictions.
The Effect of Leadership and Teamwork on Employee Turnover and Team Performance
Authors: Putri Alin Rizkiani , Renwarin Joseph M.J.
Published: November 2023

This study aims to investigate the influence of leadership and teamwork on team performance while exploring the potential effects of team turnover. Our methodology involved distributing questionnaires to 60 individuals who met our specific criteria. The data collected was analyzed using the advanced statistical analysis software SPSS 20.0. Our findings indicate that leadership and teamwork are crucial in team performance, with a significant impact observed. Additionally, our research indicates that team turnover does not affect team performance. For a company to achieve optimal success and productivity, it is imperative to thoroughly examine and analyze the influence of leadership and teamwork on team performance and turnover. By doing so, organizations can better understand the underlying factors contributing to these outcomes and make informed decisions to enhance team dynamics and drive positive results.
Virtual Teaching and Learning Platform for Caregivers of Children with Autism
Authors: Mudrikah Ab Mahadi  , Norziana Yahya  , Ernie Mazuin Mohd Yusof  , Mohd Azahani Md Taib  , Tengku Shahrom Bin Tengku Shahdan  , Gloria Jennis Tan
Published: November 2023

This paper aims to discuss the critical aspects and necessary elements of virtual teaching and learning for children with autism. Given the challenges faced by parents and caregivers in supporting the education of children with autism, it becomes crucial to develop effective strategies and platforms that ensure their educational progress. While efforts have been made to provide equal educational opportunities for children with autism, there is a lack of research on digital learning specifically tailored to their needs, and limited availability of accessible learning software resources. Therefore, it is essential to conduct a review of the key features and essential components of VTL platforms that support caregivers, as well as examine the integration techniques to facilitate VTL. This study employs a literature review methodology, involving a systematic search and selection of relevant articles from academic databases, followed by an analysis and synthesis of the findings to explore the utilization of ICT technology in VTL for children with autism. In addition, this review aims to assist future researchers by presenting a proposed VTL platform, thereby contributing to the design and development of effective VTL platforms for this unique group of learners.
An empirical study on Indian crime web series and its effects
Authors: C P Rashmi  , Jain Lalitank
Published: November 2023

With the COVID-19 lockdown, the world has entered a new era of communication. Nowadays, everyone, including children, has access to smartphones, computers, tablets, and other devices that are connected to the internet. Web series have become extremely popular as a result of the easy access to OTT platforms made possible by this internet connectivity. Online series are not just becoming more and more popular; they have also been shown to be a form of addiction, as evidenced by the term “binge viewing,” where a viewer cannot stop after watching one episode and ends up watching the entire series. Binge-watching and web series are causing people to have more health and social behavior issues. The following essay attempts to analyze the social and psychological effects of the top five Indian crime web series. A survey of Indian viewers (N = 321) is conducted in addition to a content analysis of these web series, which looks at the qualitative component to provide empirical conclusions about the impact. The papers provide a comparative study as well as the formula for creating the content for these web series. The satisfaction that comes from watching these series has a significant impact on consumers, according to the survey results.
Zur Frage einer möglichen Umarbeitung der Mumienmaske Tutanchamuns
Authors: Eckmann Christian , Broschat Katja , Hardwick Tom
Published: November 2023

This article addresses the question of the possible reuse of the mummy mask of Tutankhamun (Carter 256a). Recent publications have proposed that the mask was not originally made for Tutankhamun but was instead made for Ankhkheperure Neferneferuaten as co-regent with Akhenaten. As part of the preparations for Tutankhamun’s burial it was reworked to produce a likeness of its new owner. This process necessitated the replacement of the original sheet gold face with one depicting Tutankhamun’s features, and the erasure of Ankhkheperure Neferneferuaten’s name from the inscription on the left shoulder of the mask and its replacement with Tutankhamun’s.

Technological and scientific data derived from two of the authors’ intensive study of the mask in 2015 allow this hypothesis to be tested. This article discusses the basic manufacturing process for the mask and the technical requirements for a theoretical reworking of face and inscription; an excursus considers the textual merits of the purported “original” inscription set against those of the existing, purported “usurped” one. The authors conclude that there are no solid grounds to view the mask as having been altered from one owner to another.
Fifth Report on the Publication and Conservation of the Tomb of Ramesses III in the Valley of the Kings (KV 11)
Authors: Weber Anke , Grünhagen Martina , Hovestreydt Willem , Nehls Saskia , Popko Lutz , Schwarz Sandro , Thuault Simon , Warscheid Thomas
Published: November 2023

The 2021 fieldwork of The Ramesses III (KV 11) Publication and Conservation Project1 included the excavation of room H, the first upper layer of room I, the area behind pillars 1 to 7 in hall J (fol. aisle), and room Ja. Furthermore, consolidation work on pillars and the ceiling in the burial chamber began, and initial work for future conservation was carried out. Microbiological examination of the entire tomb took place to gain data for health precautions and in support of conservation. Finally, our research and the development of a site management plan proceeded successfully and will lead to the publication of KV 11 in the future.
In Memoriam Jere L. Bacharach
Authors: Deutsch Djodi
Published: November 2023

Obituary
Review of Walking Among Pharaohs: George Reisner and the Dawn of Modern Egyptology
Authors: Brier Bob
Published: November 2023

Peter Der Manuelian, Walking Among Pharaohs: George Reisner and the Dawn of Modern Egyptology.
SUPPORTING PROGRAMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COOPERATIVES IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Jeločnik Marko , Subić Jonel , Vasiljevic Zorica
Published: November 2023

Serbia is among few countries that have two ministries, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management and the Ministry of Rural Welfare, active in solving actual problems linked to living and working conditions in rural space. Establishment of cooperatives, or joined action of rural population could enable developmental processes in rural areas. Both ministries offer certain programs of public support focused on cooperatives advancement or establishment, and indirectly securing the competitiveness and sustainability of cooperative members (i.e. mainly family farms). The main research goal is observing the economic impact of the one of program support lines of the Ministry of Rural Welfare directed to development of cooperatives, and further prevention of disappearing of rural communities in Serbia. Analysis shows that mentioned support has turned over the previous trend of shutting down the cooperatives into situation when over 1,100 new agricultural cooperatives have been established in last several years. Additionally, derived results initiate certain recommendations, useful both for policy makers and cooperatives.
Mechanical Comics #15
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Fifteenth comic in an experimental series, reusing public domain images from the British Library.
Mechanical Comics #11
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Eleventh comic in an experimental series, reusing public domain images from the British Library.
The Autonomous Land Vehicle, Pilot's Associate, and Battle Management
Authors: Gilliam Eric
Published: November 2023

Three North Star Applications Projects from DARPA's Strategic Computing Portfolio
Mechanical Comics #8
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Eigth comic in an experimental series, reusing public domain images from the British Library.
Keynoting at Comics Forum 2023: Reboots & Remediations, Leeds Central Library
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Honoured to have been invited as keynote speaker, along esteemed colleagues Zu Dominiak and Damon Herd.
Esta no es una pipa
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Unas líneas en recuerdo de mi padre.
Mechanical Comics #5
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Fifth comic in an experimental series, reusing public domain images from the British Library.
Record Shop
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

From the Lost Haiku series.
Mechanical Comics #2
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Second comic in what I hope will be a new experimental series, reusing public domain images from the British Library.
Mechanical Comics #10
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Tenth comic in an experimental series, reusing public domain images from the British Library.
The Oil is Dying? Long Live its "Heritage"!
Authors: Hauser Stephan
Published: November 2023

Oil is a dangerous product. Its transport, storage and refining present numerous environmental and health challenges. Local, national and European regulators have taken steps to locate it in space since the beginning of industrial oil drilling in the 1860s. But key leaders of the oil industry in Northwest Europe, and beyond, have also served as policy makers and aimed to keep legal constraints (decrees, laws, taxes) as limited as possible to prevent the emergence of obstacles in the development of their industry. This process led to a cruel lack of anticipation in the design of rules and urban spaces when dealing with safety. Public authorities continuously established limited frames upon the oil industry and wrote rules in general terms to protect this strategic industry. Today, the pollution and the risks oil companies generated restrict opportunities for the future re-use of industrial sites, and there has been little done on the law-making scale to guide the transformation of oil spaces. Using the case of port cities like Dunkirk, in France, that have emerged as oil ports for their respective countries over the last 150 years, this thesis examines the emergence and application of spatial and environmental regulations along with oil industrial expansion. The objective is to highlight the need to shift from the current reactive process of improving legal frames after a disaster to one that anticipate and deal with the visible and invisible oil heritage.
Why and How 'To Do Science'? On the Often Ambiguous Relationship between Architecture and the Social Sciences in France in the Wake of May '68
Authors: Violeau Jean-Louis
Published: November 2023

Around the time of the ‘events’ of May ’68, ‘architectural research’ in France posited itself as a direct challenge to the education of the ‘Beaux-Arts’, to the school’s insulation from academic disciplines and to its common lack of a critical dimension required by any ‘scientific’ approach. In this context, the sociologists’ contribution to architecture was long awaited but soon proved to be disappointing, undoubtedly disappointing because the expectations were unreasonably high. In the early 1970s, the contributions of sociologists were perceived as a way to respond to doubts about the professional status of the architect; increasingly, sociologists discerned a desire to escape from the responsibilities and risks of the architectural project, into the sociological discourse. At the same time, following numerous disappointments, even the formerly zealous partisans of the arrival of sociologists finally returned to more skeptical positions towards the role of sociologists in architectural education. This uneasiness is marked by the silence, not to say the omerta, that veils today in France the adhesion of a number of architects of that generation to an ‘architectural postmodernism’ as it was defined during the 1970s, a moment embodied by the contribution of sociologists to the recent history of architecture. Nevertheless, it is the inheritance that makes the heir, as Pierre Bourdieu used to say.
Notes on Narrative Method in Historical Interpretation
Authors: Hays K. Michael
Published: November 2023

These notes are offered as a sketch of interpretive method. I suggest that the writing of architectural history is, or should be, a deeply theoretical sort of symptomatology – an account of how the very forms and experiences of architecture both construct and repress the absent thing we call the social, and are its most material symbolizations. Such an account benefits from an idea and a practice of narrative. Narrative is an ideological production that avoids any copy theories of representation even as it insists on the real, material forms and events that are its subject matter.
Max Raphael: Dialectics and Greek Art
Authors: Healy Patrick
Published: November 2023

The article outlines what is required for a theory of art in the late work of Max Raphael, by showing that it is a response to a problematic first formulated, but left unanswered, by Marx, and which can be seen as developed by Raphael in his writing, especially the text he devoted to a dialectic interpretation of Greek art, with special reference to temple architecture. In detailing this latter study it is possible to see how Raphael’s understanding and analysis is guided by his account of an empirical theory of art, and contributes to its further elaboration.
Diagnosing Beijing 2020: Mapping the Ungovernable City
Authors: Visser Robin
Published: November 2023

Beijing Municipality, characterised by the ‘off-ground’ architecture distinguishing neo-liberal privatisation, is attempting to mitigate the damaging effects of rampant development on the social fabric, cultural heritage, and the environment by adopting sustainable urban planning. I argue that the sustainability rhetoric in the Beijing Municipality 2020 Plans functions in part as strategic metaphors masking unnamed, imminent threats to governance. In this article I diagnose four Beijing plans (Beijing 2006-2015 ‘Rail Transit Plan’ for Compact City, Beijing 2005-2020 ‘Underground Space Plan’ for Alternative Space, Beijing 2006-2020 ‘Undeveloped Area Plan’ for Ecological Responsibility, and Beijing 2006-2010 ‘Low-income Housing Plan’ for Affordability and Liveability). A diagrammatics of the plans illuminates not so much a mapping of Beijing’s future as the forms of spontaneity preoccupying the nation at this historical juncture. The Beijing 2020 plan, as city mapping more generally, discloses the imminence of ungovernable city. The fact that citizens are demanding greater authority over Beijing governance suggests that radical alterations to its urban fabric and quality of life have incited the imminent sociability that is the city.
Getting Lost in Tokyo
Authors: Lucas Raymond
Published: November 2023

This paper explores the potential for using alternative forms of inscriptive practice to describe the urban space of the Tokyo Subway. I begin with an account of the process of getting lost in Shinjuku Subway Station in the heart of Tokyo. This station represents a limit condition of place, being dense and complex beyond the powers of traditional architectural representation. The station is explored through serial translations, beginning with narrative, moving to a flowchart diagram, Laban dance notation, recurring motifs and archetypes, architectural drawing, photography, and cartography. As Claudia Brodsky Lacour and Tim Ingold describe, the form our inscriptive practices take are crucial to the ways in which we conceptualise those places. How much of the experience of a place is lost in the traditional inscriptive practices of the architect? This description of the urban space of the Tokyo subway forms the basis for an extended study exploring the description of this experience of place, and the power of such description to theorise space. The ultimate aim of this is to shift the focus of urban design away from geometric principles and towards the experiences that might be enjoyed in such places.
Technicity and Publicness: Steps towards an Urban Space
Authors: Read Stephen
Published: November 2023

Heidegger’s space, with its emphasis on the disclosure of entities in settings of mutually referring entities, and the integration of settings and action, requires us to think carefully about issues like the identities and being of people and things and their relations with each other in a realm of plurality. All entities are captured in webs of co-reference, which make their relations between themselves and to ourselves a very public matter. These webs themselves are at the same time the very channels by which we know and access all things, and relations of power become built into them which affect the ways we know things and the possibilities we see for acting. This paper explores and reviews issues of technicity, intersubjectivity, and plurality in relation to Heidegger’s thinking, in order to begin the process of outlining an urban space of the settings ‘between men’ for coherence and action, and to define a direction for further research on urban space and place.
Beyond Discourse: Notes on Spatial Agency
Authors: Schneider Tatjana , Till Jeremy
Published: November 2023

This article investigates the word ‘agency’ in relation to the role, responsibility and power of the architect. Using Anthony Giddens’s formulation of agency, we discuss the transformative potential of architecture where the lack of a predetermined future is seen as an opportunity and not a threat. Four episodes describe related instances of architectural practice as spatial agency: muf, OSA, Santiago Cirugeda and The New Architecture Movement. The paper concludes with an urgent call for architects to face up to their political and environmental responsibilities.
Before and After AGENCY
Authors: Research Group The Agency
Published: November 2023

This article offers a critical review of the conference AGENCY (November 2008), written by ‘The Agency’, a research group based in the School of Architecture at the University of Sheffield, where the conference was held. It was hoped that the submissions to the conference would energise the relationships between the humanities, the architectural profession, and society.

The article sets out some of the questions that were explicitly posed, or that were implicit within, or anticipated in response to these relationships. The broad themes of discourse regarding agency from the conference are summarised in the context both of these questions, and of other themes that emerged from the papers presented: urban agencies, pedagogical agencies, social and technological agencies, sustainability, ecology, ethical, and aesthetic agencies.

Alongside this strand of academic presentation and reflection, the article also discusses the conference itself as an event through and within which agency was encouraged. It raises the profile of numerous ‘fringe events’, including seminars and workshops, exhibitions, book launches and social gatherings, that were explicitly organised to extend the potential involvement of other audiences, and the dynamics of other discourses. The differences between this approach and conventional academic conferences are considered, particularly the extent to which each can involve and inform practice in the studio, and the benefits and drawbacks reflected upon. All of these influence the potential agency of architecture practitioners, educators and researchers, and will inform the future activities of ‘The Agency’ group.
Polycentric Metropolitan Form: Application of a ‘Northern’ Concept in Latin America
Authors: Romein Arie , Verkoren Otto , Fernandez Ana María
Published: November 2023

Since the mid 20th century, large urban areas in advanced economies have experienced a fundamental transformation from relatively compact monocentric cities towards more extended polycentric metropolitan areas. By now, it is being commented repeatedly, but not investigated systematically that the concept of polycentricity is also adequate to characterise recent metropolitan dynamics in Latin-America.

This paper aims to present a few key-issues for a future research agenda into polycentricity in Latin-American metropolitan areas. These elements are identified from a review of existing literature. Since no clear-cut definition and operationalisation of polycentricity exist yet, we distinguish some key-elements of this phenomenon in North America as a frame of reference for this review. It reveals that ‘polycentricity U.S. style’ is at best dawning in Latin-America. In order to achieve a more appropriate picture of polycentricity of Latin American metropolitan areas, our ideas for a research agenda take into account these areas typical economic, social and spatial conditions.
Catching up with the Past: A Small Contribution to a Long History of Interactive Environments
Authors: Fox Michael
Published: November 2023

This paper documents the evolution of my thinking in the area of interactive architecture over the past 15 years with students and my office. The work is framed within an overview of a long history of work in the area by others. My personal development has taken a number of clear steps in a relatively logical progression.

In summary, the work began with kinetics as a means to facilitate adaptation. Work in this area led to integrating computation as a means of controlling the kinetics. The combination of these two areas led to the use of discrete mechanical assemblies as a systems approach to interaction design, which led to the thinking of control as bottom-up and emergent. Consequently I became fascinated with modular autonomous robotics and the notion that actual architectural space could be made of such systems. This in turn led to the exploration of biomimetics in terms of the processes, which eventually led to the idea that the parts in a system should get smaller to the point that they make up the matter itself.

The paper concludes with an explanation of how technical advancements in manufacturing, fabrication and computational control will continue to expand the parameters of what is possible in robotics, and consequently influence the scale by which we understand and construct our environments. The future of interactive environments will most certainly involve re-examining the scale by which things operate to the extent that much of the operations happen within the materials themselves. This scaling down is beginning to force a reinterpretation of the mechanical paradigm of adaptation.
La Défense / Zone B (1953-91): Light and Shadows of the French Welfare State
Authors: Chabard Pierre
Published: November 2023

Planned as early as 1958 by the Etablissement Public d’Aménagement de La Défense (EPAD, the first such agency in France), the business district of La Défense is a typical urban result of the French version of the welfare state: centralism, modernism, alliance between public and private elites. But with its vertical skyline, this district – called Zone A – constitutes only a small part of the operational sector of the EPAD; the other part, Zone B, coincides with the northern part of the city of Nanterre.

In the shadows of the crystalline skyscrapers of La Défense, Zone B was not only a kind of ‘back-office’ of the business district, but also an urban laboratory for public housing ‘paved with good intentions’. From the slab projects of Le Corbusier and his epigones to the urban compositions of postmodern architects, along the proliferating textures of Jacques Kalisz, or the humanized ‘grands ensembles’ of Emile Aillaud, the many EPAD projects for Zone B, built or not, constitute a complete collection that documents the evolution of the ‘architecture urbaine’ from the mid 1950s to the turn of the 1990s.
The Multiple Modernities of Sweden
Authors: Gosseye Janina
Published: November 2023

This article reviews the book Swedish Modernism. Architecture, Consumption and the Welfare State, edited by Helena Mattsson and Sven-Olov Wallenstein. In this volume, the editors plea for the construction of ‘multiple modernities’, following which a more diversified understanding of the European welfare state can be constructed.

Through twelve contributions by a group of international scholars, Mattsson and Wallenstein aspire to initiate the construction of an emblematic Swedish modernism. The book offers an intricate and diversified reading of the history of the Swedish Folkhemmet, including political history, social sciences and media studies.

When it comes to the built environment, however, the volume focuses largely on the home, with a few excursions to exhibition spaces and into corporate culture. In this volume, Mattsson and Wallenstein answer many questions, but raise an equal amount of new questions and thus leave the reader wanting more, as any good book should.
The Ruins of the British Welfare State
Authors: Kaminer Tahl
Published: November 2023

The subjects of Owen Hatherley’s A Guide to the New Ruins of Great Britain are architecture and urban development. The book addresses also some broader cultural, political and economic references, as well as personal anecdotes and memories. It includes many encounters with the remnants of the British welfare state.

As an extension to his blog postings and a sequel of sorts to his previous Militant Modernism, Hatherley’s antagonist here is the semi-official architecture of New Labour, which he terms ‘pseudomodernism’: an unimaginative, inferior, and, in its own specific way, also tacky architecture of white stucco, steel and glass. He attacks the Faustian bargain of Richard Rogers and his allies with neoliberalism, a pact that produces a modernism devoid of social content, reflected by the unimaginative, speculation-driven architectural design. While Hatherley produces the promised indictment of recent British architecture, the book is, at the end of the day, primarily a eulogy to the disappearing postwar architecture he so evidently loves.
Haecceity, Drawing and Mapping
Authors: Hougaard Anne Katrine
Published: November 2023

Haecceity or ‘thisness’ is a philosophical concept that relates to architectural drawing in the sense that a haecceity is something that becomes individual from having been undifferentiated. Haecceities lie at the heart of many interlinking, dynamic processes of ethics, art, instinct, intelligence and life. Haecceities open up for an understanding of architectural drawing distinct from ‘merely’ representing built or buildable architectural space, being rather a method of both acting and thinking.

That the architectural drawing represents building and space is inherent, but, for the same reason, the architectural drawing’s power to produce space and buildings is sometimes diminished. This capacity of drawing, along with analogue and digital drawing tools and analogue and digital notational systems, is discussed in the paper, aiming to break down the usual ideas of architectural drawing, the digital and the analogue, and to build up a research method to create thoughts and worlds.
A Tentative Approach to Mapping Street Space: A Case Study of Chinese Central Urban Districts
Authors: Tang Lian , Ding Wowo
Published: November 2023

This paper focuses on exploring a quantitative approach to mapping street space. Characteristics of street space can hardly be described and explained using only the traditional architectural forms of street space. The difficulty arises because of the lack of relevance between these forms and people’s activities in them.

This phenomenon presents a challenge to mapping methods. Expanding mapping elements is one viable and ongoing path. Which element could be an effective one and how it should be measured and mapped, are vital questions. Interface signs have been selected as the experimental elements, with an area of central Nanjing selected as the research sample.

Database and statistics of interface signs and pedestrian flows have been established and inserted into the GIS (Geographical Information System) where a series of correlation analyses between basic mappings and pedestrian flows are carried out.
Mainstreaming Urban Interventionist Practices: the Case of the BMW Guggenheim Lab in Berlin
Authors: Grubbauer Monika
Published: November 2023

The paper examines how practices of urban intervention have entered the mainstream by discussing the case of the BMW Guggenheim Lab. Financed by the German BMW group and realised by the Solomon Guggenheim Foundation, the project addresses issues of contemporary urban life in the form of a ‘mobile laboratory’ with an explicit emphasis on participatory forms of urban intervention. The Lab’s temporary residence in Berlin in 2012 encountered fierce protests from residents and activist groups.

I revisit the ensuing public debates and discuss the impact they had on the project. Drawing on in-depth interviews with people involved in the Lab the various notions of participation underlying the project are examined. It is shown that the Lab generated new and unexpected encounters and individual experiences. However, for solving actual problems the debates and experiments held at the Lab were too general, too exclusive and too short-lived to be of lasting relevance.
Participation, Housing, and the Question of ‘Good Architecture’
Authors: Krivý Maroš
Published: November 2023

The Tallinn Architecture Biennale ʻRecycling Socialismʼ, held in September 2013, is reviewed in this paper. Key themes and contradictions that crystallised throughout the event are identified and analysed. Participatory approach and its shortcomings are discussed in relation to the Biennaleʼs vision competition winning entry.

What is the dual legacy of socialism and modernism for architectural and urban practices? The question is studied via the contrasting practices of raumlabor and DOGMA, two key participants in the Biennaleʼs events. Whereas participation is a goal and an answer to modernist-Fordist city in raumlabor's practice, for DOGMA it is the starting point for interrogating post-Fordist city.
Asignifying Semiotics as Proto-Theory of Singularity: Drawing is Not Writing and Architecture does Not Speak
Authors: Hauptmann Deborah , Radman Andrej
Published: November 2023

We have recently witnessed a confession of a fellow architect with which we fully identify. We, too, belong to the generation educated under the semiotic regime, which – as we will argue in our introduction – has run its course. We also believe that the idea of ‘architecture as language’ might have been useful as an analytical tool but never as a design mechanism. After all, creativity comes first and routinisation follows. As the title of Footprint 14 suggests, this is a general plea to have done with the hegemony of the linguistic signifier. Signifying semiotics is but a fraction of a much broader asignifying semiotics. We propose to approach the issue qua Spinozist practice of ethology, defined as the study of capacities, or – as we would like to think of it – a proto-theory of singularity. This is as much an ethical or political problem as it is an aesthetic one. It concerns what the cultural critic Steven Shaviro recently qualified as a primordial form of sentience that is non-intentional, non-correlational, and anoetic. The Affective Turn will be measured against the unavoidable Digital Turn. We will conclude by reversing the famous Wittgensteinian dictum whereby what we cannot speak about we must not pass over in silence. A brief summary of contributions, which are by no means limited to architecture, is concluded with a politically charged epilogue. The very last paragraph of the epilogue reveals the pink-on-pink reference.
Information and Asignification
Authors: Genosko Gary
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a detailed explication of the main tenets of Félix Guattari’s theorisation of asignifying semiotics in the context of the mixed semiotics that he developed in the 1970s and which extended throughout his career. This foundational work on the relationship between asignification and signifying semiologies, and the micropolitical necessity of escaping from meaning in the broadest sense encompassing individuation, double articulation, and limited subjectivation, is contextualised in terms of information theory, in the work of Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver, as well in terms of Roland Barthes’ semiology and suggestive extra-structural conception of signifiers without signifieds or obtuse meaning. Guattari’s favourite examples of asignifying technomaterial info-networks and mushrooms sprouting on manure are both discussed.
Data-Driven Design to Production and Operation
Authors: Bier Henriette , Knight Terry
Published: November 2023

Digital technology has introduced in the last decades data-driven representational and generative methodologies based on principles such as parametric definition and algorithmic processing. In this context, the 15th Footprint issue examines the development of data-driven techniques such as digital drawing, modelling, and simulation with respect to their relationship to design. The data propelling these techniques may consist of qualitative or quantitative values and relations that are algorithmically processed. However, the focus here is not on each technique and its respective representational and generative aspects, but on the interface between these techniques and design conceptualisation, materialization, and use.
Computational Swarming: A Cultural Technique for Generative Architecture
Authors: Vehlken Sebastian
Published: November 2023

After a first wave of digital architecture in the 1990s, the last decade saw some approaches where agent-based modelling and simulation (ABM) was used for generative strategies in architectural design. By taking advantage of the self-organisational capabilities of computational agent collectives whose global behaviour emerges from the local interaction of a large number of relatively simple individuals (as it does, for instance, in animal swarms), architects are able to understand buildings and urbanscapes in a novel way as complex spaces that are constituted by the movement of multiple material and informational elements. As a major, zoo-technological branch of ABM, Computational Swarm Intelligence (SI) coalesces all kinds of architectural elements – materials, people, environmental forces, traffic dynamics, etc. – into a collective population. Thereby, SI and ABM initiate a shift from geometric or parametric planning to time-based and less prescriptive software tools.

Agent-based applications of this sort are used to model solution strategies in a number of areas where opaque and complex problems present themselves – from epidemiology to logistics, and from market simulations to crowd control. This article seeks to conceptualise SI and ABM as a fundamental and novel cultural technique for governing dynamic processes, taking their employment in generative architectural design as a concrete example. In order to avoid a rather conventional application of philosophical theories to this field, the paper explores how the procedures of such technologies can be understood in relation to the media-historical concept of Cultural Techniques.
Combined Numerical and Analytical Solution for Sloshing in Two-Dimensional Tanks of General Shape
Authors: Solaas Frøydis , Faltinsen Odd M.
Published: November 2023

Moiseev's procedure (1958) is used to derive a combined numerical and analytical method for sloshing in a general two-dimensional tank with vertical sides at the mean waterline. It is shown that the latter restriction follows from conservation of fluid mass. A low-order panel method based on Green's second identity is used as part of the solution. The method is verified by comparison with the analytical solution by Faltinsen (1974) for a rectangular tank shape. It is demonstrated that more than 100 elements may be needed to describe the free surface in the panel method.
The Impact of Using Internet on the Behavior of the Students Enrolled at The University of Jordan
Authors: Atieh Nesreen
Published: November 2023

The present study aimed to identify the impact of using internet on BA students at The University of Jordan in the behavioral areas. It also aimed to identify the impact of using internet on students in terms of social and family relationships. In addition, it aimed to explore the psychological and social impacts of using internet on students. The researcher adopted the social survey-based approach and chose a random sample. The sample of the study consisted of fifty (50) female and male students who were enrolled at The University of Jordan. The researcher designed a survey to meet the goal of the study. The survey consists of sixteen (16) items, and it targets two areas, which are: the impact of using internet on the social areas, and the impact of using internet on the psychological areas. Some of the results shed light on the impact of using internet on university students in social aspects. Based on the latter results, the highest value belongs to the item suggesting that internet is used by the respondents as a means to run away from the problems and get rid of stress.  They show negligence in doing family chores  in order to use internet, as they spend more time talking to friends and relatives through internet more than talking to them face to face. Some of the results shed light on the impact of using internet on university students in psychological aspects. Based on the latter results, internet is a means for running away from problems and getting rid of stress. The respondents feel self-confident when using internet and communicating with others; however,  they face sleep-related problems due to using internet, and feel less energetic when they don't use the  internet.  The results showed that most of the respondents use internet for a duration that is less than two hours, and  most of them are males, and that the least percentage of respondents use internet for a duration that falls under the category: (four hours - less than 6 hours). Most of those respondents are females. Thirteen students use internet for six hours or more, and most of them are males. The results shed  light on the relationships between academic programs and opinions about using internet, where the most positive results are shown by the fourth year students, while the most negative ones  are shown by the first year students. The researcher offered a set of recommendations
Self-compassion and its Relation to Psychological Happiness among Widowed Men in Karak Governorate
Authors: Alnawaiseh Fatima
Published: November 2023

The study aimed to identify the level of self-compassion and its relationship to psychological happiness among widowed men in Jordan. The sample consisted of (100) widowed men who were selected by using the convenience sampling method. The measures of self-compassion and psychological happiness were applied. The study used the descriptive correlational method. The results showed that the level of self-compassion was medium, as well as the level of psychological happiness. The results also showed that there is a positive correlation between psychological happiness and each of the dimensions of self-compassion. There was no difference in the level of self-compassion and psychological happiness of widowed spouses according to the variables (age, number of years of widowhood). The study came out with some recommendations among of which are: including some concepts such as self-compassion and psychological happiness in family counseling (for married couples), and addressing other variables to link them with empathy, such as decreasing stress and low self-esteem.
The Compatibility of the International Humanitarian Law on International Peace Forces
Authors: Ashra’ah Ali
Published: November 2023

The United Nations has resorted to developing a mechanism to stop armed conflicts and reach a peaceful settlement to them. They are the International Peace Forces in order to try to settle armed conflicts. The aim was to allow the conflicting parties to reach a peaceful solution,  and the International Peace Forces (IPF) evolved in terms of their composition or in terms of the tasks they perform. In addition to the first task they undertook, namely the separation of the conflicting forces and the maintenance of the truce, they carry out the tasks of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of combatants into their communities, strengthening the rule of law, enabling the local authority to strengthen its presence and fulfill its responsibilities besides securing elections with the aim to ensure a democratic transition of power, as well as ensuring respect for human rights and protecting civilians in the conflicting zones, carrying out humanitarian work including securing safe passages with the arrival of aid, securing refugees and expelled people. These forces witnessed a great development in terms of the mandates they carry out from peacekeeping to the tasks of peace enforcement; therefore, they carry out combat operations for peace enforcement, which in turn raised the question about the degree of the compatibility between the rules of international humanitarian laws and International Peace Forces. Such a question incited the researcher to  answer it through inducing and analyzing significant texts, and he reached to a number of results, among of which is : International Peace Forces uses the armed forces in some of their tasks  as being a part of armed conflict in the tasks of carrying out peace, and in turn, The United Nations must adopt decisions that frankly state that International Peace Forces should be compatible with the rules of humanitarian law.