bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Extrinsic Motivation and Cross-Cultural Adjustment on Foreign Worker Commitment: The Mediating Role of Cross-Cultural Adjustment and Moderating Role of Employer Trust
Authors: Binti Ramli Amelia , Azzah Said Dr. Noor
Published: October 2024

Palm oil is a key income source in Malaysia, with the industry heavily reliant on foreign workers. This reliance necessitates a focus on their welfare to address workforce shortages. This study examines the relationship between extrinsic motivation and organizational commitment, mediated by cross-cultural adjustment and moderated by employer trust among foreign workers. This study employed a quantitative research design, using SPSS for data analysis, and surveyed 242 foreign workers from companies listed on the Malaysian Palm Oil Council (MPOC) website in 2022, achieving a 100% response rate. The key findings show that organizational commitment positively influences extrinsic motivation, with cross-cultural adjustment significantly enhancing both. Employer trust moderates the relationship between organizational commitment and cross-cultural adjustment, underscoring its importance in cultural adaptation and motivation. These insights highlight the need for targeted strategies to improve job satisfaction and retention among foreign workers by addressing extrinsic motivational factors and cultural adaptation challenges. The research contributes to the literature by detailing the interplay of organizational factors and cultural adaptation in shaping motivational outcomes, suggesting future research to explore longitudinal studies and other moderating variables. These findings offer valuable implications for improving workforce performance and retention strategies in the palm oil industry.
Macroeconomics Factors Affecting Net Exports of Oil Palm Industry in Malaysia
Authors: Senawi Azhan Rashid , Asmuni Shahariah , Aminuddin Zaidi Mohd , Sulaiman Saliza , Ismail Saliza Zuraidah , Abd Kadir Nur Ilyia Natasha , Kamarul Zahrin Nur Sarah Dayana , Nasirrudin Nur Aimi Shahirah , Ahmad Yusoff Mohamad Miqdam
Published: October 2024

This quantitative study investigates the impact of oil palm production, oil palm pricing, inflation, and GDP growth rate on the net exports of Malaysia's oil palm industry. This research is aimed at analyzing how the net export of oil palm relates to certain macroeconomic variables. This study has employed multiple regression analysis through Ordinary Least Squares for 26 years of time series data from 1996 to 2020 in Malaysia. The findings from this study improve our understanding of the major factors contributing to net exports in the oil palm industry. Palm oil production, price, as well as GDP growth, drive net export of palm oil in Malaysia found during this research. An increase in production leads to the reduced amount of palm oil exported, all other things remaining constant. Conversely, inflation and GDP growth are major drivers behind the increased net export of palm oil.
Promoting and ImprovinPromoting and Improving the Tourism Industry in Malaysia through Tourist Satisfactiong the Tourism Industry in Malaysia through Tourist Satisfaction
Authors: Othman Abdul Kadir , Mohd Abas Mohd Khalid , Mat Azmi , Abujarad Ismael , Yunus Noor’ain Mohamad
Published: October 2024

Tourism is an important sector that contributes to the countries’ economies. Tourism has a direct relationship with other industries such as hotels, transportation, and retail as tourists who come to the country will spend their money on these categories. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism industry was badly affected and so did the other related industries. Now, people are back visiting attractive places, staying in hotels during their visits, and spending money on food and other items. However, little is known about why people are attracted to visit some places or countries and not others. The study is meant to investigate the factors that lead to tourist satisfaction when they visit a country. A total of 150 respondents answered the survey that was distributed to students, and public and private sector employees in Malaysia through an online platform. The results indicated that accommodation, tourism products and host attitudes were significant in leading to tourist satisfaction. While price was not a significant predictor of tourist satisfaction. The practical and theoretical implications of the study are discussed at length in this paper.
Determinant of Family Takaful Adoption Among Puncak Alam Residents
Authors: Mohd Rasid Mohd Faizol Rizal , Ruslan Ainol Fizy
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the key determinants influencing the adoption of family takaful among residents of Puncak Alam, Selangor. Despite the strategic design of family takaful to provide financial protection, particularly for low-income earners in the event of financial loss, its market penetration in Malaysia remains low. This raises important questions about the barriers to its widespread adoption, despite extensive promotional efforts by the takaful industry. The research aims to address these challenges by identifying and analyzing the factors that hinder the broader uptake of family takaful. A quantitative and descriptive research approach was adopted to gain a deeper understanding of the issue. Data collection was conducted using random sampling techniques, and the responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The study involved a structured survey of 100 respondents from Puncak Alam, which examined the impact of three key variables - price, knowledge, and satisfaction - on the adoption of family takaful. The findings of this study underscore the significance of these three factors in shaping consumers' decision-making processes regarding family takaful. Price, as an indicator of affordability, knowledge about family takaful products, and the level of satisfaction with existing services, were all found to significantly influence adoption rates. By highlighting these critical determinants, the research provides valuable insights for policymakers, takaful operators, and financial service providers to refine their strategies and promote wider adoption of family takaful, ultimately enhancing financial security for the Malaysian population.
Determinants of Inflation Rate Fluctuations in Five ASEAN Nations
Authors: Che Yahya Norliza , Zaki Bushra Mohd , Ab Wahab Siti Nur Aqilah , Bin Roslan Muhammad Hazdaniel , Mat Rawi Fauziana Bt Fauzi
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the key relationships between independent variables and inflation fluctuations in the ASEAN-5 countries, which include Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, and the Philippines. Using annual data from 2001 to 2020, a static panel data regression model is employed. The empirical results reveal that at least two independent variables significantly impact inflation rates in these five ASEAN nations. Specifically, the unemployment rate has a significant negative correlation with inflation fluctuations, while economic growth shows a significant positive correlation. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into how exchange rate determinants influence inflation fluctuations, highlighting the importance of balanced policies to address the interactions between unemployment, economic growth, and inflation.
Exploring the Relationship between Individual Information Technology Ethics and Netizenship Behaviors
Authors: Md Sari Nor Afni , Abdul Rahim Ramita , Salleh Sazimah Mohamed , Zainal Noor Zalina
Published: October 2024

In the digital age, information technology (IT) ethics plays a critical role in shaping netizenship behavior within online communities. This concept paper examines the relationship between individual IT ethics and netizenship behavior and emphasizes how ethical principles guide responsible and constructive participation in digital spaces. Based on theoretical frameworks such as the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Digital Citizenship, the article examines the influence of ethical IT practices on positive netizenship, including factors such as digital literacy, hierarchical influence and cultural or religious values. The review shows that people with strong IT ethics are more likely to engage in responsible online behavior, promoting healthier digital environments. By identifying gaps in the existing literature, the paper proposes a conceptual model to guide future empirical research on how ethical IT use influences digital citizenship. The findings highlight the importance of promoting IT ethics and digital literacy to improve online interactions and contribute to more engaged, respectful and responsible digital communities.
ADB and Sri Lanka: Pursuing the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors:   Ageing Asia Research Hub, Chomic Rafal
Published: October 2024

This brochure explains how Sri Lanka has made steady progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals and explains how these efforts are being bolstered through the Asian Development Bank (ADB) 2024–2028 country partnership strategy for Sri Lanka.
Graded Motor Imagery and Fall Risk in Older Adults: An Exploratory Case Series
Authors: A* Louw , H Moyer , C Bernier , H Blaske , K Hazer , KF Knobloch , M Nolting , L McEachern , J McEachern , C Gardner , H Bruzzone , C Louw , K Farrell
Published: October 2024

Background: Altered cortical maps can initiate and maintain a pain experience and older adults who move less may be at increased risk for pain, balance and fall risk issues. Purpose: To determine if a brief graded motor imagery (GMI) session to the plantar surface of the foot in older adults can influence self-reported pain, sensitivity of the nervous system and fall risk. Methods: Forty-one older adults (mean age 76.8) received pain neuroscience education, and GMI to the plantar surface of their feet. Measurements pre- and immediately post- intervention included self-reported pain (Numeric pain rating scale), laterality, fall risk (Brief-BESTest), gait speed (40-meter self-paced walk test - SPWT), and nerve sensitivity (Pressure Pain Thresholds - PPT) to the dorsum of the foot and web space dominant hand. Results: Immediately following treatment, mean self-reported pain improved by 1.24 points (p < 0.001), with a large sub-group meeting the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for self-reported pain (1.7). Gait speed improved significantly (p < 0.001) meeting MCID (0.1 m/s). Left-right judgement task speed (p < 0.001) and accuracy (p = 0.04) improved. None of the PPT measurements improved. While mean composite Briefest test scores did not reach MCID values (9 points), statistically significant improvements were noted in the biomechanical constraints (p = 0.007) and sensory orientation (p = 0.009) subcomponent scores. Conclusion: A brief, one-time GMI session in older adults can decrease pain and improve scores on tests associated with fall risk but fail to decrease sensitivity of the nervous system. More research is needed to validate the results of this exploratory study.
Influence of Soilless Growing Media Comprising Industrial By-products on Growth of Foliage Plants Epipremnum aureum and Dracaena sp.
Authors: Shree K. G. Shilpa , Safeena S. A. , Kumar P. Naveen , Prasad K. V. , Girish K. S.
Published: October 2024

Experiments were conducted during August, 2020 to April, 2021 at the ICAR-Directorate of Floricultural Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India to assess the suitability of industrial by-products fly ash and press mud as growing media component for foliage plants Epipremnum aureum and Dracaena sp. Different growing media compositions comprising of fly ash, press mud, cocopeat and vermicompost were evaluated in varying proportions. Foliage plants growth was monitored for nine months duration. Initial pH and electrical conductivity of growing media compositions were determined and leaf samples were analyzed for macro and micronutrients content at the end of the experiment. pH of growing media compositions ranged from near neutral to slightly alkaline pH and electrical conductivity of all media compositions was less than 1.0 dS m-1. Results indicated that growing media composition Fly ash+Vermicompost+Cocopeat (20:30:50) was the most suited growing media to grow Epipremnum aureum under 50% shade condition. Media compositions Cocopeat+Vermiculite+Perlite (33.3:33.3:33.3) and Fly ash+Vermicompost+Cocopeat (20:30:50) were observed to be more suited for growth of Dracaena sp. under 50% shade condition. Maximum plant height, number of leaves, leaf size and petiole length were recorded in Epipremnum aureum and Dracaena sp. plants grown in above media compositions respectively. Results inferred that fly ash along with vermicompost and cocopeat can be used as a growing media component for production of foliage plants Epipremnum aureum and Dracaena sp.
Respon Morfo-anatomi dan Uji Histokimia Kemiri Sunan Terinokulasi Cendawan Endofit pada Tailing Tambang Emas
Authors: Theana Elena , Hamim  , Sulistyaningsih Yohana Caecilia , Surono
Published: October 2024

Kemiri Sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) merupakan tanaman penghasil minyak non pangan yang dapat digunakan sebagai agen fitoremediasi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan, anatomi, dan akumulasi Pb Kemiri Sunan yang diinokulasi jamur Dark Septate Endophyte (DSE) terhadap tailing tambang emas. Bibit berumur dua bulan yang telah diinokulasi jamur DSE 0,5% dipindahkan ke dalam pot berisi tailing tambang emas dengan konsentrasi berbeda dan ditanam selama 7 minggu. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, berat kering pucuk dan akar, luas permukaan daun dan anatomi jaringan. Analisis histokimia dilakukan untuk mengamati Pb dalam jaringan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi tailing berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan parameter anatomi, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi berat kering tajuk dan akar maupun luas permukaan daun. Inokulasi DSE tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, berat kering pucuk dan akar, luas daun, dan parameter anatomi. Pada akar, akumulasi timbal diamati pada sel epidermis, korteks, berkas pembuluh, dan empulur akar, sedangkan pada daun diamati pada sel epidermis atas dan bawah, daerah antara xilem, dan jaringan parenkim. Inokulasi jamur DSE meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan menurunkan toksisitas Pb pada Kemiri Sunan.
Italienische Literaturwissenschaft
Authors: Gröne Maximilian , von Kulessa Rotraud , Reiser Frank
Published: October 2024

Der Band bachelor-wissen Italienische Literaturwissenschaft richtet sich speziell an die Studierenden und Lehrenden in den literatur- und kulturwissenschaftlichen Modulen der italienzentrierten Bachelor-Studiengänge. Er bietet eine präzise Einführung in die Verfahren der formalen Textanalyse im Kontext unterschiedlicher Medien. Darüber hinaus vermittelt er einen Überblick über die relevanten literatur- und kulturwissenschaftlichen Forschungsansätze, Fragestellungen und Theorien. Zahlreiche Übungen ermöglichen die rasche Anwendung und Überprüfung des Gelernten und unterstützen einen nachhaltigen Kompetenzerwerb.
Goal orientation of regular and working undergraduate students in the first year of college: A phenomenological study
Authors: Firsty Oktaria Grahani  , Anindito Aditomo  , Lena Nessyana Pandjaitan
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Working individuals pursue higher education for various reasons, including improving qualifications, developing expertise, increasing income, career change, fulfilling personal aspirations, and adapting to technological advancements. Goal orientation is crucial for students to manage time, and stress, and achieve goals. This study aims to determine differences in goal orientation between regular and working students and to conduct further research on this topic.
Methods: phenomenological qualitative research with a semi-structured interview method. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) analysis technique. Subjects of this research are students and female students of University "X" in the early semester (1-2 semester) with an age range of 19-40 years old. The subjects of this study were students who met the criteria set by the researcher and were willing to be respondents to the study, obtained a total of 6 people, and were willing to be respondents to the study.
Results: The study reveals that regular students prioritize obtaining achievements and a better career, while working students focus on mastering science for their profession and facilitating career promotion, highlighting the differences in undergraduate education.
Conclusion: goal orientation owned by regular and working students in continuing their studies is divided into two, namely performance orientation and mastery orientation.
Psychological well - being of nurses in crisis situations during the covid - 19 pandemic: A phenomenological study
Authors: Earlene Benedicta Gravila Saraswati Rundengan  , Made Dharmawan Rama Adhyatma
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted health workers, one of which is the nurses who are tasked with intensively accompanying COVID-19 patients. Strict health protocols and high workloads due to the COVID-19 pandemic can have a physical and psychological impact on nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. From a psychological perspective, it is important to manage Psychological Well-being (PWB) in order to avoid continuing psychological disorders that will also have an impact on the individual's physical condition. The purpose of this study was to explore the descriptions of PWB among nurses caring for COVID-19 patients.  
Method: This study uses qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique and data were analyzed using a deductive thematic analysis approach.  
Result: The results of this study show that even though nurses experience crisis situations, they are able to manage their psychological well-being. An important initial aspect to manage is self-acceptance.  
Conclusion: Apart from that, reflective abilities are also important so that nurses are able to find ways to maintain environmental mastery, overcome difficult situations independently, build positive relationships, and be aware of their personal growth while facing the COVID-19 pandemic crisis situation.
The relationship between peer social support and self-regulated learning in Samarinda Ulu state junior high school students
Authors: Zahidah Nabilah  , Kumaidi  , Yudhi Satria Restu Artosandi  , Aniq Hudiyah Bil Haq
Published: October 2024

Purpose: At the age of 2-7 years, based on Piaget's theory, children are in the pre-operational stage. At this stage, children have the ability to understand mathematical concepts concretely through sensory and interactive experiences. Strategies are needed to improve the children's cognitive abilities. This research aims to provide an overview of early childhood cognitive development at the pre-operational stage in the introduction of geometric shapes.
Method: Researchers used a descriptive qualitative approach to interpret and explain patterns of behavior of children who are in the pre-operational stage. Data collection techniques included structured interviews and observations with checklists based on Jean Piaget’s cognitive theory. Respondents in this study were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The respondents consisted of five children aged 6-7 years from the Islamic Kindergarten 'Aqila who were not familiar with geometric shapes.
Result: The results of this study indicate that children who are the subjects of the study exhibit behavior patterns consistent with Piaget's theory in the pre-operational stage, Children are able to recognize shapes through interactive learning experiences.
Conclusion: Based on the results, it is necessary for parents and teachers to pay attention to the child's cognitive development stage when teaching geometric concepts.
Mental health awareness intervention for junior high school students in Jakarta
Authors: Taruli Br Siahaan  , Emen Saripalni  , Mutiara Yastika Putri  , Ferdian Firmansyah  , Muhammad Mirda Zhuhri  , Anindya Paramita
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Adolescence is a time of significant physical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral upheaval, making teenagers susceptible to experiencing difficulties. With a limited number of professionals available to address the escalating trend of mental health problems, there is growing interest in preventive measures. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a two-hour educational program aimed at promoting mental health awareness among junior high school students in Jakarta.
Method: A one-group post-test only design was carried out in providing psychoeducational activities regarding adolescent development, mental health, and help-seeking behavior. Seventy-three students participated in this activity, selected purposively.
Result: The findings from this research demonstrate that the students' comprehension of mental health and their willingness to seek help improved significantly after participating in a psychoeducation program.
Conclusion: Understanding and promoting mental health awareness and literacy among adolescents has been shown to be effective through education on their world, mental health, and help-seeking behavior.
Self-compassion and postpartum depression in mothers: A meta-analysis
Authors: Mayenrisari Arifin A.Pasinringi  , Endang Retno Surjaningrum  , Primatia Yogi Wulandari
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study was to provide evidence on a strong relationship between self-compassion and postpartum depression. In addition, it was also to synthesize evidence of the application of population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) procedures quantitatively. Previous researches demonstrated that low self-compassion was a significant factor in postpartum mothers experiencing psychological distress. This is due to a lack of understanding and appreciation on the positive aspects of oneself that leads to the onset of postpartum depression.
Method:  This study used a meta-analysis with a statistical method that combined the results of several studies on a specific research question. A meta-analysis provides a comprehensive summary of all evidence related to the topic that employed to more accurate and reliable conclusions than only from a single study. The researchers conducted a comprehensive search for databases, include Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Proquest from February 2023 to July 2023.
Result: A total of nine articles were identified for inclusion in the review from 3320 articles. The analysis using the DerSinomian and Laird (DL) estimator model resulted an estimated effect size of 0.586 (p < 0.001; 95% CI = -0.668 - -0.504). Although the meta-analysis results showed a strong negative correlation between the variables, heterogeneity and the risk of publication bias must be considered.
Conclusion: The meta-analysis of self-compassion and postpartum depression variables indicates a negative correlation with a moderate effect size category. It is in accordance with the findings of nine articles that also demonstrated a negative correlation.
Impact of Domestic Task Involvement toward Parental Stress on Dual Earner Couples
Authors: Callista Dian Puspita  , Jennifer Lizardi  , Azka Karimah  , Suryo Slamet Kamal Kalamillah  , Sri Juwita Kusumawardhani
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The prevalence of dual-earner couples in Indonesia, particularly in urban areas, has led to an increase in their roles both at work and in the family. This situation often results in inappropriate domestic task involvement, which in turn affects the stress levels of these couples. Understanding the impact of domestic task involvement on parental stress is crucial for the fields of family studies, psychology, and sociology.  
Method: The research included 237 respondents obtained using purposive sampling techniques, and the results were analyzed with quantitative methods with criteria for early adulthood, working married couples, having children aged at least six years, and being domiciled in Jabodetabek. Data was collected through a survey using the instruments Subject’s Involvement in Household Chores and Partner’s Involvement in Household Chores for the independent variable and Parental Stress Scale for the dependent variable. Data was analyzed using quantitative methods through multiple regression analysis to test the impact of domestic task involvement on parental stress.
Result: The results show that domestic task involvement has a significantly negative impact of 3.4% on low levels of parental stress. The multiple regression test shows the calculated significance level of 0.017 < 0.05. Subject Involvement and Partner Involvement simultaneously have a negative influence on parental stress.
Conclusion: The study underscores the pivotal role of collaboration between husband and wife in managing domestic tasks, which can significantly reduce parental stress. These findings not only contribute to the academic discourse but also suggest practical strategies for supporting dual-earner couples in Indonesia.
The Influence of Loneliness and Absence of Father's Role on Aggressive Behavior in Adolescents
Authors: Ita Susana  , Roy Gustav Tupen Ama  , Neni Widyayanti
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Negative behavior is a picture of individual development experiencing problems, adolescents who develop will certainly show positive behavior. In fact, today many teenagers show negative behavior, one of which is aggressive behavior. This study aims to determine the effect of loneliness and the absence of father's role on aggressive behavior.
Method: This type of research is quantitative research, researchers use an aggressive behavior scale, a loneliness scale, and a father's role absence scale. The sampling technique used Non-probability sampling with accindental sampling technique. The samples in this study were male and female adolescents throughout Indonesia, aged 10-24 years, unmarried, had complete parents, divorced parents, and the father died. The data analysis technique in this study used product moment for hypothesis analysis.
Result: The first hypothesis of Loneliness with Aggressive Behavior in adolescents obtained a product moment correlation value of 0.734 (p <0.01). Second hypothesis, the relationship between the Absence of Father's Role with Aggressive Behavior in adolescents obtained a product moment correlation value of 0.729 (p <0.01). The effective contribution of the Absence of Father's Role with aggressive behavior in adolescents is 53.2%. The results of multiple linear regression analysis data to prove the third hypothesis, have an influence between Loneliness and Absence of Father's Role together with Aggressive Behavior obtained F of 162.637 (p <0.05), the effective contribution of Loneliness and Absence of Father's Role with Aggressive Behavior is 62.3% while 37.7% is determined by other variables not measured in this study.
Conclusion: This study proves that there is a positive and significant influence between loneliness and aggressive behavior, stating that the first hypothesis is accepted, the higher the loneliness obtained by adolescents, the higher the aggressive behavior, and vice versa. The existence of a positive and significant influence between loneliness and the absence of father's role with aggressive behavior simultaneously, states the third hypothesis is accepted.
The relationship between growth mindset and cognitive flexibility of workforce agility in pt x
Authors: Tiara Rezkha , Ferdinandus Hindiarto  , Lucia Trisni Widhianingtanti
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This research examines the relationship between growth mindset and cognitive flexibility of workforce agility in PT X.
Method: Data gathered from 90 permanent-status employees with quantitative methods. Measurement utilized the adapted Indonesian versions of the Workforce Agility Questionnaire (WAQ), Growth Mindset Scale (GMS), and Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI). The hypotheses were tested using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 23.0 program.
Result: The April-October 2023 research revealed significant findings. The WAQ identified 4 invalid items (construct validity index 0.234-0.607, reliability 0.836). In the GMS (18 items), 1 item was invalid (construct validity index 0.220-0.555, reliability 0.825). The CFI (20 items) marked 2 invalid items (construct validity index 0.166-0.759, reliability 0.874). Hypothesis testing confirmed a positive relationship in the first hypothesis (rx1y = 0.254, p = 0.016) and a positive correlation in the second hypothesis (rx1y = 0.552, p = 0.000). Regression analysis for the third hypothesis indicated a positive correlation with an r value of 0.745 and a p-value of 0.000.
Conclusion: The research results show a significant relationship between growth mindset cognitive flexibility and workforce agility (p>0.05).
 
Keywords: cognitive flexibility; growth mindset; workforce agility
Indonesian national health policy: Legal analysis of the elimination of mandatory health spending
Authors: Muhammad Juang Rambe  , Muhammad Azhali Siregar  , Danioko S. Sembiring
Published: October 2024

Pusphose: The elimination of mandatory spending in Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health has sparked controversy, particularly because it contradicts the World Health Organization's recommendation that allocates 5-6% of GDP to health budgeting to facilitate better access to healthcare services. This removal also potentially violates the Indonesian Constitution, which through Article 28E, Article 28H paragraph (2), Article 28D paragraph (3), and Article 34 paragraph (3) guarantees the fulfillment of health rights for vulnerable groups.
 
Method: This study employs a legal dogmatic research method to analyze the constitutionality of eliminating mandatory spending in Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health, as it pertains to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, using John Rawls' theory of justice as a tool for legal analysis.
 
Result: Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health has eliminated the mandatory spending provision, which previously stipulated a minimum health budget allocation of 5% from the national budget (called APBN) and 10% from the regional budgets (called APBD), as per Law No. 36 of 2009. The new law introduces performance-based budgeting, but it remains unclear how it will be implemented, especially at the regional level. The main criticism is that this potential elimination could reduce health guarantees for vulnerable groups, contradicting the principles of social justice mandated in the Indonesian Constitution.
 
Conclusion: Although the Constitutional Court has rejected a formal review of this law, opportunities still remain for a substantive examination of the real impact of this elimination on the health access of vulnerable groups.
Internal structure validation of a teacher autonomy scale through confirmatory factor analysis
Authors: Zulaika Gayuk , Yusti Probowati  , Artiawati
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Teacher autonomy is defined as the freedom of teachers to organize the learning and teaching process at school. The teaching autonomy scale measures teacher autonomy (Pearson & Hall, 1993). This study was conducted to identify whether the measuring instrument of teacher autonomy meets the validity and reliability requirements of a measuring instrument.
Method: The number of respondents in this study was obtained using a proportional sampling technique involving 170 respondents. The teacher autonomy measuring instrument produced from this study consists of 17 items that measure two dimensions; curriculum autonomy and general teaching autonomy. The quantitative data analysis techniques used were content-based validity tests through CVR and readability tests, validity evidence based on internal structure through CFA, and reliability tests based on homogeneity (internal consistency) through CR and AVE.
Result: Shows CVR value with a minimum value of 0.78; loading factor ≥ 0.4, except for item 7 and item 8, as well as fit model fit with RMSEA = 0,077; RMR = 0,030; GFI = 0,847; CFI = 0,858; TLI = 0,797; NFI = 0,805; and p-value < 0.05. reliability test through CR value (0.944) > 0.7 and AVE (0.544) > 0.4.
Conclusion: The adaptation of the teacher autonomy measurement tool for female junior high school teachers met good validity and reliability values.
Does parenting style work on gadget addiction? A cross-sectional study among adolescence
Authors: Ifroh Riza Hayati , Gai Xiaosong  , Rahmi Susanti  , Reny Noviasty
Published: October 2024

Background: The increasing dependence on gadget use among adolescents which has a negative impact on their growth and development, requires increased parental supervision and appropriate parenting patterns.
Purpose: This study aims to identify the relationship between smartphones addiction and the characteristics of young people, as well as the parenting styles of both fathers and mothers in Samarinda.
Method: The study employs an analytical survey that measures the level of gadget addiction in teenagers and the influencing factors, including demographics, parenting styles, and gadget usage factors such as perception of addiction, usage purpose, and peer influence. The sample criteria include teenagers who own their gadgets, aged 13-19, actively use them for communication and internet access. Resulting in a sample size of 79 adolescents by purposive sampling technique, and using a self-administered questionnaire. Bivariate analysis is used to test the relationship between variables (correlation tests).
Result:  The correlation table shows that smartphone addiction is strongly correlated with daily life disturbance (r = 0.565, p < 0.01), positive anticipation (r = 0.760, p < 0.01), withdrawal (r = 0.829, p < 0.01), cyberspace relationship (r = 0.727, p < 0.01), overuse (r = 0.742, p < 0.01), and tolerance (r = 0.490, p < 0.01). Among parenting styles, only permissive father (r = 0.282, p < 0.05) and permissive mother (r = 0.298, p < 0.01) show significant positive correlations with smartphone addiction.
Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a significant relationship between parenting styles, particularly permissive in overall smartphone addiction and democratic styles in aspect of tolerance. It suggests that interventions targeting parenting practices. The clearer, more specific, and targeted restrictions on gadget use are needed, particularly for parents who adopt a permissive parenting style.
Phototherapy to increase self-compassion in college students
Authors: Marcelina Tessalonika  , Muhamat Ahyar Ardan  , Dian Dwi Nur Rahmah
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of phototherapy on increasing self-compassion in college students
Method: This research method uses a quantitative experimental approach. This research was conducted using a quasi-experimental design. The sampling technique used in this study was non-probability sampling. The criteria for this study are University X students, aged 17–24 years, who have low self-compassion. The subjects of this study were 64 students at University X, divided into two groups: control and experimental.
Results: (1) There is an effect of phototherapy on increasing self-compassion in students who are in the experimental group who have attended training, namely most of the subjects experience an increase in self-compassion. (2) There is a difference in self-compassion between the experimental group that was given phototherapy treatment and the group that was not given phototherapy treatment.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that phototherapy training can make a difference in self-compassion in students, has an impact, and is proven effective for increasing self-compassion and increasing self-understanding.
Self-concept overview of narcotics recidivists in Surabaya
Authors: Aristasari Deby Indah , Taufik Akbar Rizqi Yunanto
Published: October 2024

Purpose: One's self-concept can significantly influence the understanding of importance among narcotics recidivists. Self-concept helps guide one’s thoughts and behaviors. What one thinks, observes, and otherwise processes will be reflected in their behavior. This study aims to explore the self-concept overview of narcotics recidivists in Surabaya.
Method: The researchers employed the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) method and validated the data through data triangulation, member checks, and rechecking themes. The method utilized semi-structured interviews, and data analysis employed thematic analysis.
Result: From the interview results, the researchers identified three major themes: whatever you are, what did you learn, and life is a journey. The findings of this study provide an insight into the self-concept of narcotics recidivists in Surabaya.
Conclusion: There is a depiction of self-concept among drug users in Surabaya. Individuals who adhere to religion actually already know right from wrong. Factors that greatly influence one's self-concept can come from environmental factors, including the places they are in and the people they interact with.
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in student learning process in the digital era
Authors: Faujiah  , IGAA Noviekayati  , Niken Titi Pratitis
Published: October 2024

Purpose:Artificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the most influential technologies in the digital era, and its potential to revolutionize the learning process is enormous. This article discusses the role of AI in improving the quality of education in the digital era. This research aims to provide an understanding of the role of AI in the learning process in the digital era.
Method:The Method section is required to outline the study design (whether qualitative, quantitative, or a combination of both), along with general procedures, including details on participant characteristics, numbers, and data collection methods. If the study doesn't involve primary data collection, please provide information on the methods used to summarize previously reported data, such as narrative systematic review, or meta-analysis.
Result::The research method used is a literature review, which includes an analysis of various sources and views related to the use of AI in higher education. The data used in this article is information from various literary sources, including research results, scientific articles, and news related to the implementation of AI in education. Examples of the role of AI include several main aspects, including personalization, interactivity, feedback, accessibility, and efficiency.
Conclusion: By applying AI to the learning process, we can create a more personalized, interactive, and effective learning experience for all students.
Emotion Regulation Training To Increase Students' Learning Concentration Through Fly Ball Games
Authors: Woro Ayu Priyanggraeni  , Novita Tri Jayanti  , Haryanti  , Yuliana Maribet
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This concentration on learning is often found in students so that many students have difficulty understanding the material presented by the teacher and each student has different forms of not concentrating, including sleepiness, laziness and distracted thinking. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation training through the fly ball game to increase the learning concentration of class VII students at SMP N 2 Karanganyar.
 
Method: This research used the experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest design by providing training to class students at SMPN 2 Karanganyar which was attended by 32 students. This training was carried out in a participatory manner. The fly ball game is prepared to train students' emotional regulation.
 
Result: The results of the research showed that there was an increase in students' learning concentration in the pre-test, with results of 53.706 and 57.588 for the average post-test results. Based on the paired sample t-test, the result was t = -3.469 with a significance of 0.001 (p < 0.05).
 
Conclusion: So this research shows a significant influence between students' learning concentration before and after participating in the training.
Final year student academic stress: What is the role of hardiness?
Authors: Helmy Krisnayanti Elik  , Roy Gustaf Tupen Ama
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The pressure and demands experienced by students are one of the causes of academic stress. This often happens to final year students. Individuals who have a good strong personality (hardiness) will help individuals manage and not give in to the negative impacts of stress. This research aims to determine the relationship between hardiness and academic stress.
Method: This type of research is quantitative research, researchers use an academic stress scale and a hardiness scale. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling with accidental sampling technique. The samples in this study were active male and female students, students from state and private universities, currently working on their final assignment (thesis), with complete parents, one father/mother or adoptive parents. The data analysis technique in this research uses product moment to test the hypothesis, Product moment analysis is used to find the relationship between hardiness and academic stress.
Result: The research results show that there is a relationship between hardiness and academic stress in final year students with r: -714 (p<0.000). the effective contribution made by hardiness to academic stress is 51%, the remaining 49% is influenced by other factors. The implication of this research is that final year students can continue to maintain a strong personality so as to avoid high academic stress.
Conclusion: The higher the Hardiness, the lower the level of academic stress in final year students.
The position of state-owned enterprises: Towards a health sector super holding company paradigm
Authors: Rambe Muhammad Juang , Wahyu Indah Sari  , Danioko S. Sembiring
Published: October 2024

Purpose: In Indonesia, the State-Owned Enterprises holding in the healthcare sector operates under the mandate of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution, consisting of two main holding companies: PT. Bio Farma (Persero), which includes PT Kimia Farma, PT Indofarma, and PT Inuki, as well as Pertamedika IHC that manages SOE hospitals nationwide. The overlap in business activities between PT. Bio Farma and Pertamedika IHC suggests the potential for establishing a super healthcare holding.
 
Method: This research, conducted normatively, evaluates the principles and legal norms for creating such a super holding, referencing the legislative framework and Constitutional Court decisions.
 
Result: The proposed super holding would adopt a modern corporate structure led by a Chief Executive Officer, akin to Temasek in Singapore or Khazanah in Malaysia. The establishment of a super healthcare holding company involves PT. Bio Farma with its 410 healthcare clinics and Pertamedika IHC as the parent holding of SOE hospitals, which manages 75 hospitals and 143 healthcare clinics throughout Indonesia.
 
Conclusion: However, legal challenges, including the state's financial status and the legal relationships between parent and subsidiary companies, necessitate amendments to Law No. 19 of 2003 on SOEs to provide a stronger legal foundation for the formation of the super holding.
The effects of music listening on emerging adulthood in dealing with grief of losing parents during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Nathanael Paboa  , Penny Handayani
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic is a difficult situation to face, especially at the emerging adulthood development stage. The death factor during the COVID-19 pandemic continues to rise and increases daily cases in Indonesia. Grief is one of the responses felt by individuals in the emerging adulthood development stage who experienced the loss of someone close to them during the COVID-19 pandemic. Music is one of the coping techniques that individuals can use throughout the time of grief during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research aims to determine the role of music in emerging adulthood in alleviating grief, and aims to obtain an overview of the condition in question after being faced with grief.
Method: This research was conducted using qualitative methods with semi-structured interviews. The participant criteria used in this study were individuals aged 18 to 25 years, who had experienced the death of a parent during the COVID-19 pandemic, and listened to music when they lost a loved one. The number of participants in this research was three female participants with convenience sampling as the sampling technique used. The interview was conducted in three sessions and each interview session lasted 60 to 90 minutes. The interview guide used included questions to dig deeper into participants' feelings and experiences during the COVID19 pandemic, music listening activities, and participants' experiences of grief. The integrity of the research methodology was carried out using member checking. The analysis technique for this research uses thematic analysis.
Result: The results of this research shows that the grief experienced by emerging adults is faced and responded into different ways. The music listened to by emerging adults has goals and benefits as a coping strategy for the three participants.
Conclusion: The experience of grief experienced by emerging adulthood can also be overcome with support from the closest ones or significant others.
La circolazione delle opere ambrosiane in Gallia: il caso di un sermone attestato nel De incarnatione di Giovanni Cassiano
Authors: Cutino Michele
Published: October 2024

In questa ricerca si esamina in modo approfondito la questione dell’autenticità del frammento di un sermone in natale Domini attribuito ad Ambrogio di Milano in un dossier di testimonianze patristiche elaborato da Cassiano alla fine del suo De incarnatione Domini contra Nestorium (VII, 25). Tale esame mostra come il frammento non possa essere effettivamente ricondotto al vescovo milanese. Esso in ogni caso costituisce una testimonianza importante della circolazione in Gallia sotto il nome di Ambrogio di un discorso concepito alla fine del IV secolo nell’ambito delle controversie ecclesiastiche sull’ascetismo e sulla virginitas in partu di Maria, che viene riutilizzato in tutt’altro ambito, nel contesto delle questioni cristologiche che conducono al Concilio di Efeso del 431. Il sermone ha avuto un certo successo, perché una sua versione modificata sembrerebbe essere stata tenuta presente in diversi sermoni pseudepigrafi del V-VI secolo.
Scultori, committenti e marmi per gli apostoli lateranensi: nuovi documenti
Authors: Brunetti Vittoria
Published: October 2024

Scolpiti dai principali scultori di Roma e collocati nella sua Cattedrale, gli Apostoli Lateranensi rappresentano la principale impresa artistica del pontificato di Clemente XI (1700-1721). Per realizzare questa magnifica (e costosa) decorazione, è noto che il papa invitò cardinali, vescovi e principi cattolici a pagare per i colossi marmorei. Una speciale congregazione, guidata dal cardinale Benedetto Pamphili, supervisionò ogni fase dell’impresa (1702-1718). Documenti inediti rinvenuti in Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana fanno luce sulle prime fasi della commissione, identificando i mecenati inizialmente coinvolti e accertando le difficoltà nella scelta del primo gruppo di scultori, nonché quelle riguardanti le prime trattative per l’acquisto e la consegna del marmo di Carrara.
Guttuso vignettista de «l’Unità», 1944-54
Authors: Perin Chiara
Published: October 2024

Dal giugno 1944 al dicembre 1954 Renato Guttuso fu una presenza assidua sul quotidiano comunista «l’Unità» come artista, critico e militante. Per l’edizione romana, però, ricoprì anche il ruolo di illustratore, attento all’attualità e alle battaglie del Partito. In quel decennio, Guttuso realizzò una trentina di disegni finora rimasti ai margini dell’interesse storiografico. Concentrati in due stagioni decisive per la storia del PCI (1944-45; 1950-51), gli inchiostri e le matite dell’artista possiedono un carattere satirico o ideologico solo in parte avvicinabile ai dipinti coevi. Questo articolo cerca di indagare le scelte stilistiche di Guttuso, i suoi rapporti con la redazione e le ragioni che lo portarono a interrompere l’attività di illustratore per «l’Unità» a metà degli anni Cinquanta.