bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GEFRORENE TRÄNEN
Authors: Otten Jürgen
Published: January 2024

Stuart MacRaes Klimakrisen-Oper «Die Frau aus dem Eis (Anthropocene)» ist in Bielefeld als deutsche Erstaufführung zu bestaunen

VON JÜRGEN OTTEN
BELCANTO IN DER MANEGE
Authors: Adler Silvia
Published: January 2024

Donizetti: L’elisir d’amore#

KAISERSLAUTERN | PFALZTHEATER | ZIRKUSZELT AM WARMFREIBAD
Treffen sich zwei
Authors: Stallknecht Michael
Published: January 2024

Peter Konwitschny inszeniert «Siegfried» in Dortmund als Kammerspiel über ewige Schuld und Unschuld, Gabriel Feltz entmythisiert Wagners Klangwelt

VON MICHAEL STALLKNECHT
Die zarte Pflanze Glück
Authors: Otten Jürgen , Krause Peter
Published: January 2024

Das Festival d’Aix-en-Provence feiert seinen 75. Geburtstag mit Brecht/Weills «Dreigroschenoper», der Uraufführung von Benjamins «Picture a day like this», Mozarts «Così fan tutte», Bergs «Wozzeck» sowie Werken von Strawinsky und Venables

VON JÜRGEN OTTEN UND PETER KRAUSE
MACHT und WAHN
Authors: Schweikert Uwe , Grimmel Werner
Published: January 2024

Zweimal Verdi in Heidenheim: «Giovanna d’Arco» im Congress-Centrum, «Don Carlo» auf Schloss Hellenstein

VON UWE SCHWEIKERT UND WERNER M. GRIMMEL
Ist nur ein TRAUM
Authors: Stallknecht Michael
Published: January 2024

Claus Guth zweifelt in seiner Inszenierung von Händels «Semele» im Münchner Prinzregententheater an der Allmacht der Götter

VON MICHAEL STALLKNECHT
DIE PURE ÜBERWÄLTIGUNG
Authors: Lange Joachim
Published: January 2024

Boito: Mefistofele

ROM | TEATRO DELL’OPERA
GELÄCHTER am ABGRUND
Authors: Otten Jürgen
Published: January 2024

Claudia Bauer und Peer Baierlein verwandeln die «Ursonate» von Kurt Schwitters am Deutschen Theater Berlin in ein dialektisch-dadaistisch durchdrungenes Grand Guignol der Absurditäten

VON JÜRGEN OTTEN
«Wo ich bin, ist keine Provinz»
Authors: Völker Klaus
Published: January 2024

Nachruf auf den Regisseur und Intendant Christoph Schroth

Von Klaus Völker
Unter den Bus geschubst
Authors: Wille Franz
Published: January 2024

Wie das Schauspiel Stuttgart und der Europäische Dramatiker:innenpreis mit Caryl Churchill umgehen
Über die eigenen Körper hinaus
Authors: Moradpour Mehdi
Published: January 2024

Warum die Protestbewegung im Iran zu allem entschlossen ist

Von Mehdi Moradpour
Memento mori
Authors: Schreiber Falk
Published: January 2024

Karin Beier versammelt mit «Aus dem Leben» am Hamburger Schauspielhaus Positionen zu Sterbehilfe und assistiertem Suizid, Studio Braun machen mit «Coolhaze» aus Kleists «Michael Kohlhaas» einen Gangsterfilm

Von Falk Schreiber
No anarchy of love and beauty
Authors: Behrendt Eva
Published: January 2024

Das Urteil im Fall Jan Fabre zeigt, dass auch im Graubereich klare Regeln gelten
Es wird finster
Authors: Schreiber Falk
Published: January 2024

Slapstick, No-Theater, Talking Blues: Herbert Fritsch torpediert mit Thomas Bernhards «Die Jagdgesellschaft» am Hamburger Schauspielhaus die eigene Ästhetik

Von Falk Schreiber
Totentanz und Horrorshow
Authors: Heintges Valeria
Published: January 2024

Sebastian Nübling und Boris Nikitin veranstalten mit «Dämonen» eine Tour durchs nächtliche Basel, Sahar Rahimi entlarvt in der Uraufführung von Anne Haugs «MILF» das Klischeebild der lieben Familie

Von Valeria Heintges
Dates mit dem Gestern
Authors: Behrendt Eva
Published: January 2024

In Hannover inszeniert Ronny Jakubaschk Matthew Lopez’ Broadway-Erfolg «Das Vermächtnis», an der Berliner Volksbühne vertieft sich Julien Gosselin in eine besondere Epoche der deutschen Literaturgeschichte: «Sturm und Drang I»

Von Eva Behrendt
«Ich muss meine Figuren beschützen»
Authors: Großkreutz Verena
Published: January 2024

Vassilissa Reznikoff kam übers Ballett und eine Regiehospitanz zum Schauspiel – und spielt am Nationaltheater Mannheim gefährdete Frauen

Von Verena Großkreutz
Angst, die Nächsten zu sein
Authors: Quickert Anja
Published: January 2024

Festival im Schatten des Krieges: Seit 2017 findet am Klaipeda Drama Theater das internationale Festival TheATRIUM statt – mit einem Showcase zum aufstrebenden litauischen Theater

Von Anja Quickert
Ordnung ist alles
Authors: Ott Karl-Heinz
Published: January 2024

Reaktionäre Bedrohungen der liberalen Demokratie sind wieder omnipräsent. Ihre Vordenker wie Carl Schmitt oder Leo Strauss haben die amerikanischen Republikaner beeinflusst und führen heute zur polnischen PiS, Victor Orbán in Ungarn oder ins Umfeld von Pegida und Corona-Leugnern – eine kleine Ideengeschichte

Von Karl-Heinz Ott
Überleben im House of Cards
Authors: Marcus Dorothea
Published: January 2024

Der scheidende Intendant des Theaters Oberhausen Florian Fiedler über seine Nichtverlängerung, Fehler in der Transformation eines Theaters und Lernprozesse
Tanz auf Eierschalen
Authors: Tscharyiski Christina
Published: January 2024

Für CHRISTINA TSCHARYISKI funktioniert echte Revolution nur, wenn es brennt
Frauen der Tat
Authors: Großkreutz Verena
Published: January 2024

Anne Webers «Annette, ein Heldinnenepos» am Stuttgarter Schauspielhaus

Von Verena Großkreutz
Nicht an Wunder glauben
Authors: Huber Sebastian
Published: January 2024

Die ukrainische Autorin Natalka Vorozhbyt und die schwierigen Verhältnisse der Kunst im Krieg

Von Sebastian Huber
Spuren der Geschichte
Authors: Arkoumanea Louisa
Published: January 2024

Die Greek Agora of Performance GRAPE präsentiert zeitgenössisches griechisches Theater als Showcase im Athens Festival

Von Louisa Arkoumanea
Southern Urbanity
Authors: Reich Sabine
Published: January 2024

Theater in den Straßen von Lagos – ein Reisebericht und eine Liebeserklärung an Nollywood

Von Sabine Reich
Vorläufiger Konsens
Authors: Quickert Anja
Published: January 2024

Der Diskurs über Antisemitismus hat sich nach dem 7. Oktober verschärft: die Veranstaltung «Reclaim Kunstfreiheit» zu Antisemitismus im deutschen Kultur- betrieb und ein «Streitraum» an der Schaubühne zur Situation im Nahen Osten
International Bürgerbashing
Authors: Rakow Christian
Published: January 2024

Thomas Ostermeier inszeniert Tschechows «Die Möwe» an der Schaubühne, Oliver Frljic mixt Heiner-Müller-Texte zu «Schlachten» am Gorki Theater

Von Christian Rakow
Gute Zeiten, schlechte Zeiten
Authors: Cerny Karin
Published: January 2024

Mateja Koležnik setzt Ödön von Horváths Oktoberfest-Stück «Kasimir und Karoline» am Wiener Burgtheater auf Koks, Markus Öhrn lässt Ingmar Bergmans 1970er-Jahre-Fernseh-Hit «Szenen einer Ehe» eskalieren

Von Karin Cerny
Die Sitzenbleiber
Authors: Preußer Gerhard
Published: January 2024

Johan Simons inszeniert eine Theaterversion von Luis Buñuels Film «Der Würgeengel» im Schauspielhaus Bochum

Von Gerhard Preußer
Die finale Diagnose
Authors: Wahl Christine
Published: January 2024

Sebastian Hartmann liest Michel Houellebecqs «Vernichten» am Staatsschauspiel Dresden vom Ende her

Von Christine Wahl
Das große Welttheater
Authors: Wille Franz
Published: January 2024

Warum verzweifeln, wenn man noch lachen kann? Yael Ronen und Itai Reicher üben Weltuntergang mit «Planet B» am Berliner Maxim Gorki Theater, René Pollesch wälzt an der Volksbühne theatertheologische Probleme: «Mein Gott, Herr Pfarrer!»

Von Franz Wille
Traumata unserer Tage
Authors: Rakow Christian
Published: January 2024

Mit dem Festival Perfoming Exiles kehrt Matthias Lilienthal nach Berlin zurück und zeigt Künstlerpositionen, die Exil als Hoffnungs- und Schmerzensraum porträtieren

Von Christian Rakow
Fatale Muster
Authors: Wahl Christine
Published: January 2024

Felicia Zellers «Antrag auf größtmögliche Entfernung von Gewalt», uraufgeführt im Theater Oberhausen (der vollständige Stückabdruck liegt diesem Heft bei)

Von Christine Wahl
Drei Akte
Authors: Milstein Avishai
Published: January 2024

Die Freilassung eines Teils der von der Hamas entführten Geiseln war eine ernüchternde Katharsis

Von Avishai Milstein
Krise auf mehreren Ebenen
Authors: Bochert Henning
Published: January 2024

Die Pandemie hat tiefe Spuren hinterlassen. Ist das Theater in den USA noch zu retten?

Von Henning Bochert
kraftfelder
Authors: Pepper Kaija
Published: January 2024

Zwei Menschen, eine Vision: David Raymond und Tiffany Tregarthen entfesseln innere Erlebnisräume – jetzt auch beim Hessischen Staatsballett.

Von Kaija Pepper
wiedervorlage
Authors: Weickmann Dorion
Published: January 2024

Braucht Berlin ein Tanzhaus? Nele Hertling, Lisa Densem und Moritz Majce sprechen darüber mit Arnd Wesemann
worldmakers
Authors: Odenthal Johannes
Published: January 2024

Das Berliner Haus der Kulturen der Welt pflegt ab sofort ein erweitertes Verständnis von tänzerischer und künstlerischer Praxis, kuratiert von Carlos Maria Romero aka Atabey Mamasita, hier im Gespräch mit Johannes Odenthal
hindernislauf
Authors: Brunner Gerhard
Published: January 2024

An die Wiener «Josephs Legende» von 1977 erinnert sich Gerhard Brunner
Insights on mechanism of plant related bacteria producing Phytohormones
Authors: Niranjan Vidya , Sureshkumar Pooja , Shankara Likitha , Khedkar Gulab , Kumar Jitendra
Published: January 2024

Phytohormones are chemicals released by plants for several mechanism which includes growth and development such as cell divisions, cell elongation and tissue differentiation, it also helps in stress tolerance and senescence. Major phytohormone groups include auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, ethylene, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids and jasmonates. Phytohormones are naturally produced in low concentration. Certain naturally available soil microorganisms produce phytohormones, the current approach of plant growth regulators to crops improve yield by dual activity and genetic modifications is highly beneficial. The pilot study on metagenomic analysis on commercially important crops helped us to expand the study on identifying the nitrogen fixing bacteria also promoting phytohormone production. Expected outcome: Agrobacterium, Azospirillum, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella and Mycorrhizal are microorganisms that play dual activity. All these growth-promoting bacteria are proven to be involved in indole-3-acetic acid pathways which help in the biosynthesis of auxin and cytokinin. The dual benefit of the plant-growth promoting bacteria is that it can act as a diazotroph which helps in nitrogen fixation as well as the biosynthesis of phytohormones. Several microorganisms play crucial role in plants as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phytohormone production, etc. they play multiple function in plant growth and development. These are essential microbes in application field of agriculture and biotechnology.
Perspective Chapter: The Role of Biochar in Soil Amelioration
Authors: George Okoro Ikwuakonam , Mabel Onwuka Ifeoma , Nnekanmah Nwogu-chigozie Laura
Published: January 2024

Many techniques have been employed in restoring the health of physically, chemically and biologically degraded soils. Some of these techniques are expensive, time consuming and may involve soil excavation or chemical treatments with numerous washes in some cases. There is a novel technique that is cheap, can restore the properties of a degraded soil, mitigate climate change and sequestrate carbon in the soil. That technique is the biochar technology. In this review, we’ll look at biochar technology as an ameliorant in improving impoverished soils. Biochar is a carbon-rich substance that is produced when biomass (feedstock) is subjected to a thermal decomposition process under limited oxygen called pyrolysis. Biochar can be used to ameliorate soil acidity and alkalinity depending on the feedstock. It has advantages such as increasing cation exchange capacity, soil carbon and nutrient in the soil. Biochar can be inoculated with specific organisms for pollutant breakdown and acts as a habitat for naturally occurring microbes; by binding pollutants in the soil through the process of bioaccumulation, sorption, electrostatic attraction and precipitation, it acts as a remediation agent. However, the feedstock, pyrolysis temperature, and heating period can all affect the properties of biochar and its biological processes.
Cartilage: Structure, Function, and the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis
Authors: ur Rehman Saif , Iqbal Safdar , Umair Shahid Muhammad , Soman Jahangir Muhammad , Latif Malik Adnan
Published: January 2024

This chapter provides an in-depth exploration of cartilage, a pivotal component crucial for joint health, particularly within the context of osteoarthritis (OA). It delves deeply into the intricate structure and dynamic functions of articular cartilage, elucidating its essential roles in load-bearing, shock absorption, and maintaining joint stability. Emphasizing the delicate balance of cellular components, such as chondrocytes, and extracellular matrix constituents like proteoglycans and collagens, which collectively ensure the mechanical and biological integrity of cartilage, the discussion places significant attention on factors influencing cartilage homeostasis and contributing to its eventual degradation, analyzing age-related changes, mechanical stress, and genetic predispositions, alongside the impact of inflammatory processes and cytokine imbalances. By highlighting the multifaceted interplay among these factors, a clear narrative emerges, elucidating the initiation of OA. Furthermore, the chapter investigates into the cascade of events that define OA pathogenesis, dissecting the underlying mechanisms responsible for cartilage damage and matrix degradation, tracing their combined contribution toward the development of OA. In its focus on OA’s etiology, the chapter underscores importance of comprehending cartilage alterations as a critical starting point for designing therapeutic interventions aimed at effectively managing OA.
Perspective Chapter: Mix-Unmix Pan-Sharpener – Novel Pan-Sharpening Method Based on Mixing Constituent Multispectral Bands and Unmixing Panchromatic Band
Authors: Ngigi Thomas , Nduati Eunice , Xianhu Wei , Götza Marlena
Published: January 2024

A panchromatic band (Pan-band) spectrally covers a number of the other bands (multispectral-bands, MS). The Pan-band is of higher spatial resolution than the MS. The respective advantages of the two are combined through pan-sharpening with the resultant image adopting the higher spatial resolution of the Pan-band and the colour information of the MS. Various techniques have evolved but most of them cannot pan-sharpen more than three MS, and none of them can pan-sharpen more than three MS at a go, nor pan-sharpen a multispectral image not geographically covered by the Pan-band. This novel concept overcomes the first problem. The sequel to this chapter will address the second problem through reverse pan-sharpening. The concept argues that for a given pixel in the Pan-band, the strata of digital numbers (DNs) in the MS combine to give rise to a panchromatic-DN. The concept estimates respective coefficients of strata of DNs in the encompassed bands corresponding to pure blocks of pixels in the Pan-band. On the basis of the coefficients, encompassed bands’ DN contributions to the panchromatic-DN are computed from the Pan-band DN. The resultant DN contributions are regressed on the MS-DNs and one of the encompassed MS pan-sharpened on the basis of its model. The other multi-spectral bands are pan-sharpened through it.
Managing the Welfare of Zebrafish in Laboratory: Overview of Prevailing Diseases and Health Issues
Authors: Lopes-Ferreira Monica , Gabriel dos Santos da Rosa João , Rodrigo Disner Geonildo , Lima Carla
Published: January 2024

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a freshwater species native to South Asia belonging to the Cyprinidae family. Due to its easy housing and breeding, high fecundity, and rapid development, it has become a popular laboratory animal. Furthermore, zebrafish is an increasingly successful and widely used vertebrate model organism in scientific research, e.g., in drug discovery, particularly preclinical development, mainly because of its immune response and well-known genome. Nevertheless, zebrafish health in laboratory facilities is crucial. Both the water quality and pathogens control are directly related to the zebrafish welfare, which, under inappropriate conditions, may confound experimental findings, leading to irreproducible outcomes and invalid or misinterpreted results. Infections by Aeromonas and mycobacterium, for example, interfere with the results of experiments by altering physiological parameters. Likewise, infection of the nervous system by Pseudoloma neurophilia causes behavioral changes in zebrafish, leading to misinterpretation in behavioral studies. In this chapter, we seek to provide valuable contributions about zebrafish housing and husbandry conditions known to influence animal health, drawing attention to the most common diseases and pathogens that eventually may affect zebrafish in the laboratory.
Preparedness for Viral Outbreaks: Making Accurate Predictions from the Outset
Authors: Cascon Ana , F. Shadwick William
Published: January 2024

An epidemic of an unknown virus introduces extreme uncertainty and can, as we found in 2020, easily lead to panic reactions. Only data subjected to mathematical analysis—statistical analysis above all else at the outset—can give a quick understanding of the seriousness of the situation and provide the means for immediate contingency planning. To understand the Covid-19 crisis, we used Extreme Value Theory (EVT) techniques that extract information from the tails of distributions, where the information about ‘catastrophic events’ resides. We describe how the information so obtained gave us the predictive power essential for contingency planning very early in the Covid-19 pandemic. We also describe the epidemiological model we developed, which extends the initial statistical work and gives a complete toolkit for predicting the behaviour of a viral outbreak in time to be effective in dealing with it. Finally, we talk briefly about the importance of a readily accessible worldwide population and disease database to aid in the preparation for future emergencies.
Serotonin: The Link between Gut Microbiome and Brain
Authors: Margoob Mushtaq , Kouser Shazia , Jan Neelofer
Published: January 2024

Serotonin, as a neurotransmitter plays a key role in regulating mood, sleep, appetite, and various physiological processes. Serotonin is closely linked to the microbiome-gut-brain axis, which is a bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain facilitated by the gut microbiome which consists of trillions of microorganisms that inhabit the digestive tract. This connection is a growing area of research and serotonin produced in the gut is being investigated for its potential impact on human personality, mood, and overall health. Microbiome influences serotonin production, serotonin precursor metabolism, serotonin reuptake, and immune system modulation. A balanced microbiome is crucial for regulating homeostasis and stress response and altered gut microbiota composition has been linked to depression, anxiety, bipolar, schizophrenia, stress-related, and autism spectrum disorders. Microbiome-based interventions might help to regulate the immune response, neuroprotection, and neuroplasticity to reduce neuroinflammation and thus prove crucial to modifying the course of major depressive, bipolar, and related disorders where inflammation is evidenced to lead to the progression of illnesses. Microbiome-based interventions such as probiotic supplementation influence the production of neuroactive compounds and have the potential to bridge the treatment gap for Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease and might prove to be a turning point for the treatment of obesity-associated systemic low-level inflammation, whether psychotropic medication related or otherwise. The gut microbiome offers a novel possibility to employ manipulation of the gut microbiota as a non-invasive measure in health and disease, especially at a time when the clinical field of forthcoming psychotropics looks exhausted.
Yoga, Mind-Body Coherence, and Zen
Authors: Gao Junling , Hung Sik Hin
Published: January 2024

Eastern meditative traditions, such as yoga, Qigong, Tibetan Buddhism, and Zen/Chan, have long underscored the interplay of mind and body, and this mind-body problem is gaining empirical support through modern neuroscience. Our recent studies reveal a tangible link between the brain’s electrical activity and the heart’s rhythm, exemplifying the mind-body synergy. This chapter covers topics that Yoga integrates breath and posture to unify mind, body, and the environment; and furthermore, Zen/Chan meditation directly aims to dismantle all conceptual illusions, including those of self and universe, sharpening the practitioner’s mental acuity, and challenging their perception of reality. This chapter explores the mind-body nexus and contrasts various meditative disciplines, primarily focusing on the nuances between Yoga and Zen/Chan meditation.
Fractal Dynamics and Fibonacci Sequences: A Time Series Analysis of Cultural Attractor Landscapes
Authors: G. Sacco Rob
Published: January 2024

This study explores the intricate relationship between fractal structures and cultural evolution through time series analysis. Utilizing Fibonacci time series modeling, the author predicts the formation and stabilization of cultural attractors—emergent phenomena that arise from dynamic populations within cognitive landscapes. The model backtests significant milestones in human cultural history, ranging from the Copper Age to the Internet era, and correlates them with Fibonacci time series. The findings suggest that cognitive development, demographic structure, and cultural transmission are key factors that influence the self-organization and dynamic stabilization of cultural attractor landscapes. This study offers a novel perspective on the optimization of information flow in cultural evolution and has implications for interdisciplinary studies in computer science, mathematics, statistics, and geography.
Follicular Helper T Cells and Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Liu Yang , Gao Yanfang , Wei Shiya , Hao Huiqin
Published: January 2024

Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells can control the antibody affinity maturation and memory by supporting the formation of germinal center (GC) and regulating clonal selection and differentiation of memory and antibody-secreting B cells. Therefore, Tfh cells play an important role in the development of some autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune hepatitis. The generation and function of Tfh cells are determined by T-cell antigen receptor (TCR), co-stimulation, and cytokine signals, together with specific mechanisms. In this part, the specialization, development, and regulation of metabolic and differentiation mechanisms on Tfh cells will be summarized, which is crucial to understanding pathogenesis and informing the development of emerging therapies for autoimmune diseases.
Method of Performing Operations on the Elements of GF(2m) Using a Sparse Table
Authors:   Faculty of Applied Mathematics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Dychka Ivan , Onai Mykola , Severin Andrii , Hu Cennuo
Published: January 2024

For the implementation of error-correcting codes, cryptographic algorithms, and the construction of homomorphic methods for privacy-preserving, there is a need for methods of performing operations on elements GF(2m) that have low computational complexity. This paper analyzes the existing methods of performing operations on the elements GF(2m) and proposes a new method based on the use of a sparse table of elements of this field. The object of research is the processes of operations in information security systems. The subject of research is methods and algorithms for performing operations on elements GF(2m). The purpose of this research is to develop and improve methods and algorithms for performing operations on elements GF(2m) to reduce their computational complexity. Empirical methods and methods of mathematical and software modeling are used in the research. Existing and proposed algorithms are implemented using the C# programming language in the Visual Studio 2015 development environment. Experimental research of existing and developed algorithms was carried out according to the proposed method, which allows to level the influence of additional parameters on the results of the research. The conducted research on methods for performing operations on the elements GF(2m) shows the expediency of using a sparse table of field elements. This approach makes it possible to reduce the amount of RAM required for the software and hardware implementation of the developed method compared to the classical tabular method, which requires storage of a full table of correspondence of the polynomial and index representation of the field elements. In addition, the proposed method gives an increase in speed of more than 4 times for the operations of calculating the multiplicative inverse element and exponentiation. As a result, the proposed method allows to reduce the computational complexity of error-correcting codes, cryptographic algorithms, and the homomorphic methods for privacy-preserving.
Fault Tolerance Exploration and SDN Implementation for de Bruijn Topology based on betweenness Coefficient
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”/ Department of computer engineering, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Volokyta Artem , Loutskii Heorhii , Honcharenko Oleksandr , Cherevatenko Oleksii , Rusinov Volodymyr , Kulakov Yurii , Tsybulia Serhii
Published: January 2024

This article considers the method of analyze potentially vulnerable places during development of topology for fault-tolerant systems based on using betweenness coefficient. Parameters of different topological organizations using De Bruijn code transformation are observed. This method, assessing the risk for possible faults, is proposed for other topological organizations that are analyzed for their fault tolerance and to predict the consequences of simultaneous faults on more significant fragments of this topology.
Auto-metric Graph Neural Network based Blockchain Technology for Secured Dynamic Optimal Routing in MANET
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, India, Shajin Francis H. , Palaniappan Muthusamy , Rajesh P.
Published: January 2024

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) routing is a generous tactic used for allocating packets to the base station (BS). During the operations of routing, occurrence of malicious node embellishes the mobile ad hoc network operations. For that reason, a trusted distributed routing protocol is obliged that maintains the routing buttressing and the proficiency of mobile ad hoc network. To overcome these challenging issues, Auto-Metric Graph Neural Network based Blockchain technology is proposed in this manuscript for Secured Dynamic Optimal Routing in MANET (BC-SDOR-MANET-AGNN). The proposed approach is simulated in NS-2 tool. The proposed BC-SDOR-MANET-AGNN approach attains 76.26%, 65.57%, 42.9% minimal delay during 25% malicious routing environment, 73.06%, 63.82%, 38.84% less delay during 50% malicious routing environment when analyzed to the existing models, like enhanced hybrid secure multipath routing protocol for MANET (BC-SDOR-MANET-GAHC), an improved ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing security approach based on BC technology in MANET (BC-SDOR-MANET-AODV-MQS) and block chain-based better approach for the mobile ad-hoc networking protocol using ensemble algorithm (BC-SDOR-MANET-E-BATMAN) methods.
Studi Analisis Konsep Insan Kamil Menurut Abdul Karim Al-Jili dan Pemikiran Adi Hidayat
Authors: Dluha Arba , Damanik Nurliana
Published: January 2024

Studying the debate surrounding Insan Kamil is fascinating. Two individuals that talk about the perfect human being are Adi Hidayat and Abdul Karim al-Jili. These two individuals provide their own explanations of the Insan Kamil idea. The opinions of Adi Hidayat and Abdul Karim al-Jili regarding Insan Kamil will be discussed in this article. This study falls under the category of library research, which entails the processing and analysis of data gathered from textual sources such as books, papers, journals, theses, and others. Qualitative, deductive, and comparative methodologies were used in the analysis. According to the findings, there are a number of comprehension, mental processes, and level disparities between Abdul Karim al-Jili and Adi Hidayat. Human Kamil is intelligent, knowledgeable, and perceptive. Human Kamil is intelligent and knowledgeable, and he is aware of his responsibilities as a caliph. Al-Jili describes the Prophet Muhammad SAW as the image of God, Insan Kamil as the ideal Tajalli of God, and God as the primary figure. Adi Hidayat dubbed Insan Kamil Ma'rifatul Insan, which translates to "a human who comprehends the purpose and mission of his creation," in the meantime. People must be able to perform divine tajalli and taraqqi in their daily lives in order to attain Insan Kamil, according to Al-Jili. Adi Hidayat clarified that comprehending the nature of human creation is a necessary step toward achieving perfection. A individual must attain high dedication and harmony with the tenets of Islamic teachings in order to rise to the position of human being.
Analisis Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas I pada Pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Puspitasari Puspitasari , Muttaqijn M. Imam , Haryati Haryati
Published: January 2024

This study is entitled "Analysis of Critical Thinking Skills of Grade IV Students in Science Learning in Elementary Schools". The purpose of this study was to determine the critical thinking skills possessed by grade IV students at SDN 03 Muara Ciujung Timur as well as factors that affect students' critical thinking skills. The method in this study uses qualitative using a case study approach with data collection techniques using test, interview, observation and documentation techniques. The results of the research that have been conducted there are 2 students with high critical thinking skills, 3 students with medium critical thinking skills, and 5 students with low critical thinking skills. The results of the test instruments, interviews and student observations have not met the indicators of critical thinking, namely: Activities to formulate questions, Limit problems, Test data, Analyze various opinions, Avoid highly emotional considerations, Avoid excessive simplification, Consider various interpretations, Tolerate ambiguity. Then the factors that influence it are: the internal factors that affect thinking skills are: physical condition, anxiety, intellectual development, and learning motivation while the external factors are: teacher teaching style, teacher teaching strategies and style. The conclusion from the analysis of critical thinking skills of grade IV students in science learning in elementary schools is that students have not beenable to meet critical thinking indicators so it can be said that the level of critical thinking skills of students at SDN 03 Muara Ciujung Timur is low.
The Effect Of Nursing Role in Therapeutic Communication on Admitted Patients Satisfaction in Banadir Hospital of Mogadishu
Authors: Omar Omar Abdale , Mahamud Naima Muse , Mahamud Sagal Abdi , Ahmed Anab Ali
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nursing role in therapeutic communication on admitted in patient satisfaction Banadir Hospital. This was guided by three research objectives meant to; determining the level of patient satisfaction, and identifying the best strategies for patient satisfaction and factors which negatively effects on patient outcomes..The theoretical and empirical literature was reviewed to ascertain and identify the research gaps which this sought to fill. The study was mainly underpinned by a mixed To assess the cause of acute watery diarrhea under five children among care giver in Benadir hospital.To decrease the complications related in acute watery diarrhea under five children among care giver in Benadir hospital. To develop recommendation in decreasing of acute watery diarrhea under five children among care giver in Benadir hospitaltheoretical framework of the appreciation therapeutic communication on patient. The study adopted the descriptive research design based on an integrated approach of the quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The sample population of study was 51 specifically included Doctors, \nurses, and patients. Data was collected by use of the questionnaire. It was analysed using the descriptive based on the SPSS programme and the interpretive method. The statistical methods were used for quantitative data while the interpretive technique was used for the qualitative data.
The Collaboration of Trained Traditional Birth Attendants and the Health Center in Hamar Weyne District of Mogadishu
Authors: Omer Abdifatah Ibrahim , Dhiblawe Ayan Abdikadir , Saied Zaynab Ali , Ahmed Hafsa Osman
Published: January 2024

The study is aimed to determine the integration of trained traditional birth attendants and the health center in Hamar Weyne district of Mogadishu, Somalia. According to the WHO, a traditional birth attendant (TBA) is “a person who assists the mother during childbirth and who initially acquired her skills by delivering babies herself or by working with other TBAs”. The study adopted a cross-sectional descriptive design using quantitative and qualitative approaches, the sample size includes 11 trained TBA linked to the health center, 3 qualified midwifes and 2 community midwifes working in Hamar Weyne health center. Key informant interview were performed to the head of the Hamar Weyne health center to gather further information. Data were collected using questionnaire after approval of informed consent. The data is compiled and then analysed by using SPSS version 17. Results found were: all trained traditional birth attendants were above the age of 35 years, none educated. The services offered by trained TBA included delivery care, the reason of using TTBA services were the TBAs are kind and care too much. TTBA refers pregnant women to the health center commonly when labor is not progressing. The study concludes that majority of the respondents were not satisfied the services offered by the TTBAs because 75 % of the respondents said complications could arise from TTBA services which include: 56 % prolonged labor, 25 % excessive bleeding and 19 % of infections, However most of the respondents agreed that trained TBA can be useful in linking the community to the health center. Proper collaboration between TTBAs and Health center can be fully implemented when appropriate training, regular supervision and Incentives are provided to TTBAs.
The Factors Affecting Level of Infection Control Practice in Benadir Hospital Mogadishu - Somalia
Authors: Warsame Sa’id Abdullahi , Ali Ayan mohamed , Sabrie Alinor mohamed , Omer A.fetah Ibrahim
Published: January 2024

Infection control is a discipline proposed to prevent hospital acquired infections (HAIs) for those vulnerable the incidence of nosocomial infections. Nosocomial infections or hospital acquired infections are infections that can occur within 48 hours of hospital admission, three days after discharge and/or after one month of surgery and is a major global issue that affect for both patients and health-care workers. The aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting level of infection control practice in Benadir hospital Mogadishu Somalia. The specific objectives of this study were; To assess the level of hand hygiene compliance by the health care workers (HCWs) in Benadir hospital, To determine health care workers utilization level of personal protective equipments (PPEs) and To evaluate biomedical waste disposal management of Benadir hospital. This study adapted a descriptive cross-sectional design and the study area is Benadir hospital in Mogadishu. the whole population of our study was 60 registered health care workers in Benadir hospital but 52 respondents were participated the study because 8 of the respondents were absent at day of data collection. The data were collected during May 2017 using structured questionnaire, observation checklist and interview. The data were compiled and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. we were observed that water sinks, solid soap and gloves weren’t available in two wards and their status of use were rarely use accounting 37.5% and 25% were never use, while the liquid and solid soap were not available at all, whereas alcohol based hand rub were not available in seven wards. The other PPEs such as facemasks, gowns & Aprons weren’t observed at wards. We also observed that biomedical wastes of the hospital were collected inside the hospital without segregation. In addition one of the hospital administrators told us that hospital doesn’t have infection control policy. Conclusion: Respondents were asked how often you wash hands after dressing wounds. The majority of respondents 24 (46.2%) said rarely. Respondents were asked how often do you recap used needles by hand. And the majority 29 (55.8%) said always. Respondents were asked how you would describe the infection control in this hospital. And the majority 27 (51.9%) replied poor, also we observed that HHC of the HCWs were poor, utilization level of PPEs and Biomedical waste management were very poor. The study recommends creating national policy for infection control practice to be adhered by the hospitals, to provide trainings for health workers about infectious control practice, to make sure availability of infection control facilities and To segregate the waste before it is disposed.
Factors Contributing Toward Medication Errors Among Nursing Staff in Shafi Hospital in Hodan District, Mogadishu.
Authors: Hassan Nasteho Mire , Barre Raho Mahdi , Mohamed Salado Hassan , Omer Bdifetah I.
Published: January 2024

Medication errors are common in hospitalized patients which are main concerns in healthcare systems worldwide. Medication errors is any mistake that occur during the medication use process, medication errors can begin in the course of prescribing, dispensing, transcribing, administering and monitoring medicines (European medicines agency, 2015). The aim of this study was to investigate factors contributing towards medication error among nursing staff in shafi hospital in Hodan district, Mogadishu, Somalia. The specific objectives were to identify factors contributed medication error among nurse staff in shafi hospital and to determine frequency of medication error among nurse staff in shafi hospital. The method used was descriptive cross sectional using both qualitative and quantitative. The data collecting in Shafi hospital during May, 2017 using structured questionnaire and observation checklist. A total of 20 respondents from Nurse Staff working different departments of shafi hospital were purposively selected, data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The researchers observed that 85% of the medication errors among nurse staff were due to fatigue due to high workload while 70% of the respondents agreed that low ratio of nurse to patient were also main contributing factor of medication errors among nurse staff in shafi hospital. During last month more than 4 medication errors were estimated to happen among nurse staff. The study concludes that the most common medication errors among nurse staff in shafi hospital were due to wrong dose calculation which accounts nearly 40%. This study recommends recruiting more nursing staff, to increase nurse to patient ratio and subsequently increase working interval of the nurse staff to decrease work load and availability of medication error recording and reporting system can reduce errors.
The Prevalence and Antimicrobial Sensitivity of S. Aureus Isolated from Patient with Skin Wound Infections in Shaafi Hospital
Authors: Hussein Ahmed Saed , Dirie Fatuma Abdullahi , Osman Fartun Mohamed , Hirsi Hawa Ali
Published: January 2024

Staphylococcal infections still remain an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide despite the development of antimicrobial agents. Staphylococcus aureus the most common cause of skin and soft tissue infections, such as boils and abscesses, as well as post-operative wound infections. The objective of this study was identifying the Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of S.aureus isolated from patient with skin wound infection in Shaafi hospital. The method used in this study was Cross sectional descriptive design involving using quantitative method. The swabs were collected from wound from patients attending Shaafi Hospital. Swabs were cultured and identified by using gram staining according to standard conventional methods. The isolated organisms were tested for sensitivity against the antimicrobial agents that are commonly used in hospitals. A total 50 wound swabs were collected from patients with symptoms of wound infection attending to Shaafi Hospital, in Mogadishu Somalia. Different age groups and both sexes were covered. Staphylococcus aureus strains were the predominant organism isolated 13 (26%) of total samples, and other 37 (74%). were no growth. The bacteria that isolated from the patients were resistant to Amoxyclav, Methicillin and penicillin, while 9 of them 69.2% were sensitive to Vancomycin and 4 of them 30.8% were resistant to Vancomycin so the highest frequency of sensitivity with observed with Vancomycin while Amoxyklav, Methcillin and Penicillin were highest resistant.

Bacterial species isolated were all susceptible to Vancomycin which may be selected as the drugs of choice for treatment of wound infection. The development of bacterial resistance against Penicillin among all isolates reflects the abuse of antibiotics in Somalia. We recommended the hospitals and doctors: - Bacterial culture to ensure the appropriate antibiotics, to encourage the patients coming hospital early stages of wound, since the culture is high expensive we recommended the doctor holding seminars that persuade that the culture is the best diagnosis of bacterial infections, we recommend the doctors to give the technicians seminars about swabbing, isolation and identification of bacteria
Evaluation of the Availability of Safe Water and Sanitation Facilities in IDP Camps In Kahda District in Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors: Hassen Gallad daahir , Abdule Mohammed Omar , Said Ahmed H. , Isaak Ibrahim Abdifitah
Published: January 2024

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) is generally a challenge in Somalia particularly in IDP settlements where access to water and sanitation facilities is limited. Children particularly the ones under the age of 5 years mostly fall victim to diseases caused by poor sanitation and hygiene practices. The objective of this study was to evaluate the availability of safe water and sanitation facilities in IDP camps Kahda district Mogadishu Somalia. The study was descriptive cross-sectional baseline assessment. The study area was selected purposively 4 IDPs camps in Kahda district and the sample size was 166 households, draw from 270 households from selected 4 IDPs using Cochran’s formula for calculating sample size when population size is finite. Administrated closed-ended questionnaire and observational checklist was used as data collection tools and the study employed statistical package for social science SPSS version (20.0) for data analyzing and data was present descriptive statistics graphs and frequencies tables. Majority of the households 84 (51.5%); their source of water were hand dug well with pump as well as Most of the households 100 (61.3%); it takes 3km walk to get a water from their nearest point source while the guide to WASH cluster strategy and stander states that the maximum distance from any household to the nearest water point should be 500 meters. Which means it is longer than the stander and 61 (37.4%) households they bring 1 dollar per day to get water, 52 (31.9%) they bring less than $0.5 per day so that it is one factor that may affect the availability of safe water and sanitation, whereas A very large number of households 105 (64.4%) don’t treat their drinking water to improve the quality of water and The study also founded that 21 (12.9 %) of the households do not have latrine and 153 (93.9%) of the households share latrine with their neighbor and most of these households 57 (35%) they share latrine with 5 households and above, 37 (22.7%) they share latrine with 4 households, while the highly average 117 (71.8%) of the households do not wash their hands after using toilet. The study was done and it proves that the water source is far from and longer three times more than the standard, the quality of drinking water is not good and the knowledge of the dwellers for the treatment of drinking water needs to improve. Some of the households don’t have latrine and they share with their neighbor. the study recommends Federal Ministry of health and social welfare, local and international nongovernmental organization and authorities concerned with constructing water source near IDPs, conducting health promotion campaign for drinking water treatment and hygiene and constructing toilets.
The Risk Factors of Acute Appendicitis in Childern at Selected Hospitals in Mogadisho Somalia
Authors: Hared Salad Ahmed , Osman Abdibari Adam
Published: January 2024

Appendicitis is one of most common surgical emergencies, in its disease course, the appendix becomes inflamed and swollen as intestinal bacteria multiply in the lumen, recruiting white blood cells and forming pus. The objective of this study was to determine the Risk factors of acute appendicitis at selected hospitals (Digfer, Shafi, and Medina) in Mogadishu Somalia.The study design was descriptive, quantitative design and were conducted at selected hospitals. The sample size was 192 cross sectional, draw from 384 by using Keisha and Leslie formula for calculating sample size. Administrated closed-ended questionnaire was used as data collection tools and the study employed statistical package for social science SPSS version (20.0) for data analyzing and data was present descriptive statistics graphs and frequencies tables.

The study found 192 patients who had appendicitis and the majority those patients 81(42.2%) were between the age of 14-18, 68(35.4%) were between the age of 10-13, 26(13.5%) were between 6- 9 years and the 17(8.9%) were between the age 0-5 also the results shown that 126(65.6%) of the patients were male while female only formed 66(34.4%). And the Majority of the patients. Our study found, most responders were eaten low fiber diet and drink ground water, and also majority of the responders didn’t diagnosed by histopathology due to cost.

The people eat high fiber diet and drinking clean water to prevent appendicitis, the patients feel lower abdomen to visit the health centers and the government provide free health care to low income people.
Factor Associated With Abortion Among In Reproductive Age women At SOS Hospital Mogdisho-Somalia Hospital Based Study
Authors: Abdihamid Sagal , Abdullahi Naima , Abdi Hafsa , Osman Amina Mohamed , Hassan Yahye Sheikh Abdulle
Published: January 2024

Globally a large number of women die due ot birth and pregnancy-related complications and of the total, nearly 99.0% of maternal death occurs in low- and middle-income countries.This study aim to determine factors association with abortion ni women reproductive age among attending ni SOS hospital Mogadishu-Somalia. Study design was descriptive cross-sectional study design, study area was SOS hospital, Target population of the study was women reproductive age (15-45) attending ni SOS hospital, Data were collected using a structured Questionnaire and contains questions with a simple language that was easily to be understood by the respondents for starting the easier questions, data was analyzed by SPSS version 20.The majority respondent 37% of respondent were between the age of 21-30 years ,followed yb 27%were aged between 30-35 years and 25% were aged between 15-20 years and rest 9% were aged above 40years. As the study founded the majority 20(27%) illiterate matheres ,and 19(26%) there mather we visity MCH two time during pregnant. 18(25%) there mather we visity MCH one time during pregnant,9(12%) there visity MCH three time during pregnant and the restThe study was conclude the majority respondent 27(37.5%) of respondent were between the age of 21-30 years.Most of responden 31(43% were illiterate.