bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DA UTI NEO PARA CASA: VIVÊNCIAS MATERNAS NA PRÉ-ALTA DO BEBÊ PREMATURO
Authors: Leão Lívia Caetano da Silva , Da Silva Larissa Ramos , Lopes Rita de Cássia Sobreira
Published: July 2017

A preparação para a alta do bebê prematuro, que precisou ficar internado em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTI Neo) após o nascimento, é um processo complexo, permeado por diversos sentimentos e expectativas das mães. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar os sentimentos e as expectativas maternos no momento próximo à alta hospitalar de seus bebês nascidos prematuros. Participaram 42 mães, que responderam a uma entrevista estruturada quando o bebê estava a poucos dias de receber alta. Uma análise qualitativa revelou maior envolvimento das mães nos cuidados com o bebê em relação aos momentos anteriores da internação, sendo um período marcado por mais contato e proximidade entre a díade. Destaca-se a relevância do papel da equipe, incentivando esse envolvimento e sendo parte importante da transição para o cuidado materno. Esse momento também foi marcado por sentimentos diversos e contraditórios e pela expectativa materna de poder contar com a ajuda de outras pessoas da família nos cuidados em casa. Evidencia-se a importância de que a alta do bebê seja planejada desde o início da internação, considerando-se as especificidades emocionais de cada mãe.
TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA: ONDE ESTAMOS E PARA ONDE VAMOS
Authors: Schmidt Carlo
Published: July 2017

A ampliação do conhecimento científico sobre o autismo pode ser identificado pelo aumento na produção de pesquisas sobre este transtorno nas últimas décadas, implicando atualizações recentes em sua classificação, compreensão e intervenção. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre o autismo, apontando como os avanços investigativos recentes têm lançado luz sobre a compreensão do transtorno. Relata historicamente como os critérios para o diagnóstico nos manuais médicos de classificação foram aprimorados, complementados e suplantados com base em evidências até o atual DSM-5. É realizada uma revisão das contribuições teóricas e empíricas que impulsionaram essas mudanças para sintetizar o que tem sido considerado como aspectos centrais desse transtorno como espectro dimensional. Problematiza o aumento do número de diagnósticos a partir dos dados epidemiológicos atuais, destacando o que as pesquisas multidisciplinares têm identificado como fatores etiológicos e prognósticos para a vida adulta. Por fim, revisa brevemente o panorama dos principais programas e modelos de intervenção baseados em evidências para pessoas com autismo nas áreas da saúde e educação, para então apontar os atuais desafios neste contexto.
Lung Epithelial Cell–Derived Microvesicles Regulate Macrophage Migration via MicroRNA-17/221–Induced Integrin β1 Recycling
Authors: Lee Heedoo , Zhang Duo , Wu Jingxuan , Otterbein Leo E. , Jin Yang
Published: July 2017

Robust lung inflammation is one of the prominent features in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI). Macrophage migration and recruitment are often seen at the early stage of lung inflammatory responses to noxious stimuli. Using an acid inhalation–induced lung injury model, we explored the mechanisms by which acid exposure initiates macrophage recruitment and migration during development of ALI. The lung epithelium comprises a large surface area and functions as a first-line defense against noxious insults. We found that acid exposure induced a remarkable microvesicle (MV) release from lung epithelium as detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Significantly elevated RNA, rather than protein, was found in these epithelium-derived MVs after acid and included several highly elevated microRNAs, including microRNA (miR)-17 and miR-221. Acid-induced epithelial MV release promoted macrophage migration in vitro and recruitment into the lung in vivo and required, in part, MV shuttling of miR-17 and/or miR-221. Mechanistically, acid-induced epithelial MV miR-17/221 promoted β1 integrin recycling and presentation back onto the surface of macrophages, in part via a Rab11-mediated pathway. Integrin β1 is known to play an essential role in regulating macrophage migration. Taken together, acid-induced ALI results in epithelial MV shuttling of miR-17/221 that in turn modulates macrophage β1 integrin recycling, promoting macrophage recruitment and ultimately contributing to lung inflammation.
Suppression of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response by Fragments from Serum Amyloid A
Authors: Zhou Huibin , Chen Mingjie , Zhang Gufang , Ye Richard D.
Published: July 2017

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is known as an acute-phase protein and a biomarker for inflammatory diseases. Published studies have shown that SAA possesses proinflammatory cytokine-like activity and is chemotactic for phagocytes, but the structural basis for these activities remains unidentified. In this article, we report that truncated SAA1 proteins lacking N- and C-terminal sequences exhibit reduced proinflammatory activity and strongly suppress LPS-induced expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in macrophages. A truncated SAA1 containing aa 11–58 was examined further and found to facilitate p38 MAPK phosphorylation while reducing LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of ERK and JNK. In LPS-challenged mice, aa 11–58 reduced the severity of acute lung injury, with significantly less neutrophil infiltration in the lungs and attenuated pulmonary expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Coadministration of aa 11–58 markedly improved mouse survival in response to a lethal dose of LPS. A potent induction of IL-10 was observed in a TLR2-dependent, but TLR4-independent, manner in macrophages stimulated with aa 11–58. However, the aa 11–58 fragment of SAA1 was unable to induce chemotaxis or calcium flux through formyl peptide receptor 2. These results indicate that the N- and C-terminal sequences contain structural determinants for the proinflammatory and chemotactic activities of SAA1, and their removal switches SAA1 to an anti-inflammatory role. Given that proteolytic processing of SAA is associated with the pathological changes in several diseases, including secondary amyloidosis, our findings may shed light on the structure–function relationship of SAA1 with respect to its role in inflammation.
Gadolinium based contrast agents in current practice: Risks of accumulation and toxicity in patients with normal renal function
Authors: Ranga Anju , Agarwal Yatish , Garg Kanika
Published: July 2017

Despite being decked as the most prized compounds in the nugget box of contrast agents for clinical radiologists, and carrying an indisputable tag of safety of the US Food and Drug Administration for close to three decades, all may not be seemingly well with the family of gadolinium compounds. If the first signs of violations of primum non nocere in relation to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) appeared in the millennium year with the first published report of skin fibrosis in patients with compromised renal function, the causal relationship between the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) and GBCAs, first proposed by two European groups in 2006, further precluded their use in renocompromised patients. The toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of GBCAs, however, has come under hawk-eyed scrutiny with recent reports that gadolinium tends to deposit cumulatively in the brain of patients with normal hepatobiliary function and intact blood–brain barrier. While the jury on the long-term hazard significance of this critical scientific finding is still out, the use of GBCAs must be guided by due clinical diligence, avoidance of repeated doses, and preferring GBCAs with the best safety profiles.
Early outcomes of radiofrequency ablation in unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer from a tertiary cancer hospital in India
Authors: Kulkarni Suyash , Shetty Nitin S , Polnaya Ashwin M , Patil Sushil , Gala Kunal , Chivate Rahul , Ostwal Vikas , Ramaswamy Anant , Shrikhande Shailesh V , Goel Mahesh , Patkar Shraddha , Bhandare Manish , Rangarajan Venkatesh , Nilendu Purandare
Published: July 2017

Aims: The study was carried out to evaluate the early outcomes using Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) for unresectable liver metastases in the management of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) from an area of low endemicity. Material and Methods: 60 Patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases had undergone 88 sessions of RFA from January 2007 till December 2013. The results were retrospectively analysed to evaluate the outcomes in terms of efficacy and survival rates. Results: The median follow up of patients in our series was 24.8months. 35/52 (67.3%) patients had complete response at 3 months while 8 patients were lost to follow up. Of the 17 patients who had recurrence, 4 (23.5%) were at the ablated site while 13 patients (76.4%) progressed elsewhere. Abdominal pain was commonest post procedural symptom (20%). There was no procedure related mortality or any major complications. Mean disease free interval and Progression free survival was 6.7 and 13.1 months. Estimated median survival in patients with liver limited disease and those with small lesion (<3cm) was 3.79 years and 3.45 years respectively. Median survival in patients with lesion size 3–5 cms was 1.5 years. Annual survival rates would be 94.5%, 55.2% and 26.2% for 1, 3 and 5 years. Conclusion: Radiofrequency ablation of unresectable liver metastases is effective in treatment of mCRC. Estimated survival rates and Annual survival rates at our institute from the low endemic region also follow the global trend. Size of the lesion was an important predictor of efficacy of RFA. Presence of extrahepatic disease and lesion size >3 cm was associated with decreased survival.
MRI features in dengue encephalitis: A case series in South Indian tertiary care hospital
Authors: Soni Brijesh K , Das Debasheesh S R , George R A , Aggarwal R , Sivasankar R
Published: July 2017

Dengue virus, a RNA virus of family Flaviviradae is considered non-neurotropic. Increasing studies and case reports reveal neurological manifestations of dengue virus. In our case series, we have evaluated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of 3 patients with dengue fever diagnosed by positive dengue NS1 antigen with neurological symptoms, which revealed nonspecific imaging features of dengue encephalitis in two cases and dengue meningoencephalitis in one case. Autopsy findings are also correlated in 2 patients who succumbed to their disease. This case series underlines the consideration of dengue encephalitis in patients of dengue fever with neurological symptoms and relevant imaging findings.
Role of exponential apparent diffusion coefficient in characterizing breast lesions by 3.0 Tesla diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Kothari Shweta , Singh Archana , Das Utpalendu , Sarkar Diptendra K , Datta Chhanda , Hazra Avijit
Published: July 2017

Objective: To evaluate the role of exponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a tool for differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions. Patients and Methods: This prospective observational study included 88 breast lesions in 77 patients (between 18 and 85 years of age) who underwent 3T breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using b-values of 0 and 800 s/mm2 before biopsy. Mean exponential ADC and ADC of benign and malignant lesions obtained from DWI were compared. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was undertaken to identify any cut-off for exponential ADC and ADC to predict malignancy. P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Histopathology was taken as the gold standard. Results: According to histopathology, 65 lesions were malignant and 23 were benign. The mean ADC and exponential ADC values of malignant lesions were 0.9526 ± 0.203 × 10−3 mm2/s and 0.4774 ± 0.071, respectively, and for benign lesions were 1.48 ± 0.4903 × 10−3 mm2/s and 0.317 ± 0.1152, respectively. For both the parameters, differences were highly significant (P < 0.001). Cut-off value of ≤0.0011 mm2/s (P < 0.0001) for ADC provided 92.3% sensitivity and 73.9% specificity, whereas with an exponential ADC cut-off value of >0.4 (P < 0.0001) for malignant lesions, 93.9% sensitivity and 82.6% specificity was obtained. The performance of ADC and exponential ADC in distinguishing benign and malignant breast lesions based on respective cut-offs was comparable (P = 0.109). Conclusion: Exponential ADC can be used as a quantitative adjunct tool for characterizing breast lesions with comparable sensitivity and specificity as that of ADC.
Multimodality imaging of vaginal rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Chauhan Richa S , Singh Dheeraj K , Guha Bishwarup , Kumar Ishan , Verma Ashish
Published: July 2017

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant mesenchymal tumor arising from the embryonal muscle cells (rhabdomyoblasts), and is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and young adults accounting for 4–6% of all malignancies in this age group. Though rare overall, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common malignancy arising in the pediatric female genitourinary tract with sarcoma botryoides being the most common variant of the tumor. In young and adolescent individuals, the cervix and uterus are affected; whereas in infants, vaginal lesions are more common. Imaging plays a crucial role not only in the initial diagnosis but also in long-term follow-up of genital RMS. We describe a rare case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the vagina occurring in a 23-year-old female who presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding ever since she was a child.
Effective Basepoint-Free Theorem for Semi-Log Canonical Surfaces
Authors: Fujino Osamu
Published: July 2017

This paper proposes a Fujita-type freeness conjecture for semi-log canonical pairs. We prove it for curves and surfaces by using the theory of quasi-log schemes and give some effective very ampleness results for stable surfaces and semi-log canonical Fano surfaces. We also prove an effective freeness for log surfaces.
Exponents of Some One-Dimensional Gauss–Manin Systems
Authors: Castaño Domínguez Alberto
Published: July 2017

In this paper we provide a purely algebraic characterization of the exponents of one-dimensional direct images of a structure sheaf by a rational function, related to the vanishing of the cohomologies of a certain Koszul complex associated with such a morphism. This can be extended to a more general family of Gauss–Manin systems. As an application, we calculate a set of possible exponents of the Gauss–Manin cohomology of some arrangements of hyperplanes with multiplicities, relevant to Dwork families and mirror symmetry.
More Poop, More Precision: Improving Epidemiologic Surveillance of Soil-Transmitted Helminths with Multiple Fecal Sampling using the Kato–Katz Technique
Authors: Liu Chengfang , Lu Louise , Zhang Linxiu , Bai Yu , Medina Alexis , Rozelle Scott , Smith Darvin Scott , Zhou Changhai , Zang Wei
Published: July 2017

Soil-transmitted helminths, or parasitic intestinal worms, are among the most prevalent and geographically widespread parasitic infections in the world. Accurate diagnosis and quantification of helminth infection are critical for informing and assessing deworming interventions. The Kato–Katz thick smear technique, the most widely used laboratory method to quantitatively assess infection prevalence and infection intensity of helminths, has often been compared with other methods. Only a few small-scale studies, however, have considered ways to improve its diagnostic sensitivity. This study, conducted among 4,985 school-age children in an area of rural China with moderate prevalence of helminth infection, examines the effect on diagnostic sensitivity of the Kato–Katz technique when two fecal samples collected over consecutive days are examined and compared with a single sample. A secondary aim was to consider cost-effectiveness by calculating an estimate of the marginal costs of obtaining an additional fecal sample. Our findings show that analysis of an additional fecal sample led to increases of 23%, 26%, and 100% for Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm prevalence, respectively. The cost of collecting a second fecal sample for our study population was approximately USD4.60 per fecal sample. Overall, the findings suggest that investing 31% more capital in fecal sample collection prevents an underestimation of prevalence by about 21%, and hence improves the diagnostic sensitivity of the Kato–Katz method. Especially in areas with light-intensity infections of soil-transmitted helminths and limited public health resources, more accurate epidemiological surveillance using multiple fecal samples will critically inform decisions regarding infection control and prevention.
Missed opportunities to diagnose syphilis prior to the development of sight-losing uveitis
Authors: Widdrington JD , Ashfaq I , Puvaneswaran B , Ong EL , Schwab U , Price DA , schmid ML , Pandit R
Published: July 2017

The incidence of syphilis in the UK is rapidly rising. Uveitis (intraocular inflammation) usually occurs in the secondary or later stages of syphilis infection and is sight-threatening.

Methods A retrospective analysis of the demographics, presentation, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of patients with syphilitic uveitis managed in Newcastle from 2005–2016 was carried out.

Results Ten males (19 eyes) with syphilitic uveitis had a generally good visual and serological response to penicillin treatment. In eight of the patients there had been a failure to test for syphilis during assessments by various medical practitioners for unexplained symptoms that were attributable to syphilis prior to the eye involvement.

Conclusion Uveitis associated with syphilis can be sight-threatening but responds well to treatment. In our case series there were multiple missed opportunities to diagnose syphilis prior to presentation with eye disease, with a general failure of healthcare professionals to take an adequate sexual history.
Unilateral atrial fibrillation - how common is atrial divorce?
Authors: Ker J
Published: July 2017

Atrial fibrillation is the most common pathologic supraventricular tachycardia. It has many causes, is an expensive disease, impairs quality of life and leads to an increased risk of death. Atrial dissociation is characterised by the presence of two independent sets of P-waves. This peculiar abnormality may give rise to the scenario where one atrium is in atrial fi brillation while the other is in sinus rhythm. This is the first published case of atrial dissociation where the phenomenon is demonstrated by transmitral and transtricuspid pulsed wave Doppler.
Communication breakdown between physicians and IBS sufferers: what is the conundrum and how to overcome it?
Authors: Jayaraman T , Wong RK , Drossman DA , Lee YY
Published: July 2017

Irritable bowel syndrome is a disorder of gut-brain interaction that leads to a signifi cant healthcare burden worldwide. A good physician-patient relationship is fundamental in managing patients who suffer from this poorly understood chronic disease. We highlight possible reasons for breakdown in communication between physicians and irritable bowel syndrome sufferers and suggest possible ways to overcome such pitfalls.
An enigmatic trio of Klinefelter’s syndrome, autoimmune hypothyroidism and nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Rao A , Jain D , Aggarwal HK , Jain P
Published: July 2017

Klinefelter's syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder associated with testicular dysfunction and male infertility. Those affected by Klinefelter's syndrome are at increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus, breast cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and lung cancer. Nephrotic syndrome in association with Klinefelter's syndrome has never been reported in the literature.
The iron paradox: a case of acaeruloplasminaemia
Authors: Williamson J , Holt J
Published: July 2017

Acaeruloplasminaemia is a rare neurodegenerative disorder in which dysfunction of the caeruloplasmin gene results in brain iron accumulation alongside systemic iron overload. We discuss the case of a 53-year-old male who presented to neurology with a 4-year history of progressive neuropsychiatric symptoms and was eventually diagnosed with this condition. We discuss the characteristic clinical features and supporting laboratory and radiological findings as well as clinical pointers to help differentiate it from other conditions which might cause diagnostic confusion.
Aortic stenosis - pathogenesis, prediction of progression, and percutaneous intervention
Authors: Natarajan D , Prendergast B
Published: July 2017

Aortic stenosis is common and an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Prevalence will increase significantly in forthcoming decades as a function of the ageing population; treatment by means of surgery or percutaneous intervention is expensive. Epidemiological, mechanistic and interventional studies are therefore vital to determine optimal and innovative treatments and their funding.

Recent studies suggest that aortic stenosis is not a passive degenerative disease, but an active process involving several pathways, including lipid inf i ltration, chronic inflammation, f brosis formation, osteoblast activation, and active valve mineralisation. Despite similarities with atherosclerosis, randomised statin trials proved negative in aortic stenosis, underlining the need to explore alternative pathophysiological pathways.

Left ventricular hypertrophy in response to pressure overload in aortic stenosis is initially adaptive but ultimately decompensates, leading to progressive left ventricular impairment, symptoms and adverse cardiovascular events. This transition is driven primarily by myocyte death and myocardial fibrosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can visualise and quantify myocardial fl brosis and may provide additional and independent prognostic information in aortic stenosis. Moreover, new markers of fl brosis utilising novel imaging techniques are rapidly emerging.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a disruptive technology that has transformed the management of aortic stenosis, and encouraged a wider multidisciplinary approach to the management of valvular heart disease. While originally applied in older, high-risk patients, recent trends for its use in intermediate risk patients have been supported by the f ndings of key clinical trials in 2016.
How to deal with violent and aggressive patients in acute medical settings
Authors: Harwood RH
Published: July 2017

Dealing with violence and aggression is an area where health professionals often feel uncertain. Standing at the interface between medicine, psychiatry and law, the best actions may not be clear, and guidelines neither consistently applicable nor explicit. An aggressive, violent or abusive patient may be behaving anti-socially or criminally. But in acute medical settings it is more likely that a medical, mental health or emotional problem, or some combination thereof, is the explanation and usually we will not know the relative contribution of each element. We must assume that diffi cult behaviour represents the communication of distress or unmet need. We can prevent and de-escalate situations by understanding why they have arisen, identifying the need, and trying to anticipate or meet it. In these situations ‘challenging behaviour' is much like any other presenting problem: the medical approach is to diagnose and treat, while trying to maintain safety and function. In addition, the person-centred approach of trying to understand and address psychological and emotional distress is required. Skilled communication, non-confrontation, relationship-building and negotiation represent the best way to manage situations and avoid harm. If an incident is becoming dangerous, doctors need to know how to act to defuse the situation, or make it safe. Doctors must know about de-escalation and non-drug approaches, but also be confident about when physical restraint and drug treatment are necessary, and how to go about using appropriate drugs, doses, monitoring and aftercare. There are necessary safeguards around using these approaches, from the perspectives of physical health, mental wellbeing, and human rights.
Source apportionment of NMVOCs in the Kathmandu Valley during the SusKat-ABC international field campaign using positive matrix factorization
Authors: Sarkar Chinmoy , Sinha Vinayak , Sinha Baerbel , Panday Arnico K. , Rupakheti Maheswar , Lawrence Mark G.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. A positive matrix factorization model (US EPA PMF version 5.0) was applied for the source apportionment of the dataset of 37 non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) measured from 19 December 2012 to 30 January 2013 during the SusKat-ABC international air pollution measurement campaign using a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer in the Kathmandu Valley. In all, eight source categories were identified with the PMF model using the new constrained model operation mode. Unresolved industrial emissions and traffic source factors were the major contributors to the total measured NMVOC mass loading (17.9 and 16.8 %, respectively) followed by mixed industrial emissions (14.0 %), while the remainder of the source was split approximately evenly between residential biofuel use and waste disposal (10.9 %), solvent evaporation (10.8 %), biomass co-fired brick kilns (10.4 %), biogenic emissions (10.0 %) and mixed daytime factor (9.2 %). Conditional probability function (CPF) analyses were performed to identify the physical locations associated with different sources. Source contributions to individual NMVOCs showed that biomass co-fired brick kilns significantly contribute to the elevated concentrations of several health relevant NMVOCs such as benzene. Despite the highly polluted conditions, biogenic emissions had the largest contribution (24.2 %) to the total daytime ozone production potential, even in winter, followed by solvent evaporation (20.2 %), traffic (15.0 %) and unresolved industrial emissions (14.3 %). Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production had approximately equal contributions from biomass co-fired brick kilns (28.9 %) and traffic (28.2 %). Comparison of PMF results based on the in situ data versus REAS v2.1 and EDGAR v4.2 emission inventories showed that both the inventories underestimate the contribution of traffic and do not take the contribution of brick kilns into account. In addition, the REAS inventory overestimates the contribution of residential biofuel use and underestimates the contribution of solvent use and industrial sources in the Kathmandu Valley. The quantitative source apportionment of major NMVOC sources in the Kathmandu Valley based on this study will aid in improving hitherto largely un-validated bottom-up NMVOC emission inventories, enabling more focused mitigation measures and improved parameterizations in chemical transport models.
The effect of cloud liquid water on tropospheric temperature retrievals from microwave measurements
Authors: Bernet Leonie , Navas-Guzmàn Francisco , Kämpfer Niklaus
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Microwave radiometry is a suitable technique to measure atmospheric temperature profiles with high temporal resolution during clear sky and cloudy conditions. In this study, we included cloud models in the inversion algorithm of the microwave radiometer TEMPERA (TEMPErature RAdiometer) to determine the effect of cloud liquid water on the temperature retrievals. The cloud models were built based on measurements of cloud base altitude and integrated liquid water (ILW), all performed at the aerological station (MeteoSwiss) in Payerne (Switzerland). Cloud base altitudes were detected using ceilometer measurements while the ILW was measured by a HATPRO (Humidity And Temperature PROfiler) radiometer. To assess the quality of the TEMPERA retrieval when clouds were considered, the resulting temperature profiles were compared to two years of radiosonde measurements. The TEMPERA instrument measures radiation at 12 channels in the frequency range from 51 to 57 GHz, corresponding to the left wing of the oxygen emission line complex. When the full spectral information with all the 12 frequency channels was used, we found a marked improvement in the temperature retrievals after including a cloud model. The chosen cloud model influenced the resulting temperature profile, especially for high clouds and clouds with a large amount of liquid water. Using all 12 channels however presented large deviations between different cases, suggesting that additional uncertainties exist in the lower, more transparent channels. Using less spectral information with the higher, more opaque channels only also improved the temperature profiles when clouds where included, but the influence of the chosen cloud model was less important. We conclude that tropospheric temperature profiles can be optimized by considering clouds in the microwave retrieval, and that the choice of the cloud model has a direct impact on the resulting temperature profile.
Comparative assessment of GRASP algorithm for a dust event over Granada (Spain) during ChArMEx-ADRIMED 2013 campaign
Authors: Benavent-Oltra Jose Antonio , Román Roberto , Granados-Muñoz María José , Pérez-Ramírez Daniel , Ortiz-Amezcua Pablo , Denjean Cyrielle , Lopatin Anton , Lyamani Hassan , Torres Benjamin , Guerrero-Rascado Juan Luis , Fuertes David , Dubovik Oleg , Chaikovsky Anatoli , Olmo Francisco José , Mallet Marc , Alados-Arboledas Lucas
Published: July 2017

Abstract. In this study, vertical profiles and column integrated aerosol properties retrieved by GRASP (Generalized Retrieval of Atmosphere and Surface Properties) algorithm are evaluated with in-situ airborne measurements made during the ChArMEx-ADRIMED field campaign in summer 2013. In the framework of this campaign, two different flights took place over Granada (Spain) during a desert dust episode on 16th and 17th June. GRASP algorithm combining lidar and sun-sky photometer data measured at Granada, has been used for retrieving aerosol properties. Two sun-photometers datasets are used: one co-located with the lidar system and a second one in the Cerro Poyos station, approximately 1200 m higher than the lidar system, but at a short horizontal distance. Column integrated aerosol microphysical properties retrieved by GRASP are compared with AERONET products showing a good agreement. Differences between GRASP retrievals and airborne extinction profiles are in the range 15 % to 30 %, depending on the instrument onboard the aircraft used as reference. On 16th June, a case where the dust layer was coupled to the aerosol layer close to surface, the total volume concentration differences between in-situ data and GRASP retrieval are 15 % and 36 % for Granada and Cerro Poyos retrievals, respectively. On the other hand, on 17th June the dust layer was decoupled from the aerosol layer close to surface, the differences are around 17 % for both retrievals. In general, all the discrepancies found are within the uncertainly limits, showing the robustness and reliability of GRASP algorithm. However, the better agreement found for Cerro Poyos retrieval with the aircraft data and the vertical homogeneity of certain properties retrieved with GRASP, such as the scattering - Angström Exponent, for cases with aerosol layers characterized by different aerosol types show that uncertainties in the vertical distribution of the aerosol properties have to be considered.
Signal frequency distribution and natural-time analyses from acoustic emission monitoring of an arched structure in the Castle of Racconigi
Authors: Niccolini Gianni , Manuello Amedeo , Marchis Elena , Carpinteri Alberto
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The stability of an arch as a structural element in the thermal bath of King Charles Albert (Carlo Alberto) in the Royal Castle of Racconigi (on the UNESCO World Heritage List since 1997) was assessed by the acoustic emission (AE) monitoring technique with application of classical inversion methods to recorded AE data. First, damage source location by means of triangulation techniques and signal frequency analysis were carried out. Then, the recently introduced method of natural-time analysis was preliminarily applied to the AE time series in order to reveal a possible entrance point to a critical state of the monitored structural element. Finally, possible influence of the local seismic and microseismic activity on the stability of the monitored structure was investigated. The criterion for selecting relevant earthquakes was based on the estimation of the size of earthquake preparation zones. The presented results suggest the use of the AE technique as a tool for detecting both ongoing structural damage processes and microseismic activity during preparation stages of seismic events.
High-resolution modeling of tsunami run-up flooding: A case study of
flooding in Kamaishi City, Japan, induced by the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami
Authors: Akoh Ryosuke , Ishikawa Tadaharu , Kojima Takashi , Tomaru Mahito , Maeno Shiro
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Run-up processes of 2011 Tohoku Tsunami into the city of Kamaishi, Japan, were simulated numerically using 2D shallow equations with a new treatment of building footprints. The model imposes the internal hydraulic condition of permeable/impermeable walls at the building footprint outline on unstructured triangular meshes. Digital data of the building footprint approximated by polygons were overlaid on a 1.0 m resolution terrain model. The hydraulic boundary conditions were ascertained by conventional tsunami propagation calculation from the seismic center to nearshore areas. Run-up flow calculations were conducted under the same hydraulic conditions for several cases with different building permeabilities. Comparison of computation results with field data suggests that the case with a small amount of wall permeability gives better agreement than the case of impermeable condition. Spatial mapping of an indicator for run-up flow intensity (Z = Umax × Hmax) shows fairly good correlation with the distribution of houses destroyed by flooding. Results of numerical experiments show that concrete buildings arrayed alternately in two lines can prevent seawater from flowing straight to the city center while maintaining access to the sea. The Z value was significantly lower on streets where many houses were destroyed by the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami.
Measuring the Foreign Exchange Exposure of EGX30 Companies Using Fama-French Model "An Empirical Study"
Authors: Nada M. S. , Mohammed Rehab Emad El-Din
Published: July 2017

This study aims to examine the evidence for measuring the significance of foreign exchange exposure (FXE) for EGX30 companies during the period from 2000-2016. The problem of the study is concerned with the fluctuations of the foreign exchange (FX) rate in Egypt, which have a great effect on the financial performance of EGX30 companies. Following prior studies (e.g. Aggarwal R., 2010; Lee, 2011 and Sam Agyei-Ampomah K. M., 2012), this study uses Fama-French (FF) model to measure the FXE. The result of the study shows that 70% of EGX30 companies were significant to the foreign exchange exposure; the results are robust to the choice of model design.
“They Cling to Guns or Religion”
Authors: Juffer Jane
Published: July 2017

This chapter discusses how migration has become a central issue for the U.S. religious Right, which has joined forces with city councils, paramilitary border vigilante groups, and conservative politicians to proclaim that Latino migrants represent a threat to family values, the “law,” and the so-called Anglo-Saxon, Protestant roots of the nation. This coalition has been particularly influential in areas of the country where there have previously been few Latino residents, such as small-town Pennsylvania. In addition to Altoona and Hazleton in this state, more than a hundred cities across the country have passed laws that make it illegal for employers to hire and landlords to rent to undocumented peoples. Though purportedly local in their ambitions, the ordinances are underwritten by national organizations with connections to the Christian Right and white supremacist groups; together, they have rallied people around an antiglobalization populism that claims the federal government is not doing its job policing the borders and maintaining national economic sovereignty.
The Effect of Vocabulary Self -Selection Strategy and Input Enhancement Strategy on the Vocabulary Knowledge of Iranian EFL Learners
Authors: Masoudi Golfam
Published: July 2017

The present study was designed to investigate empirically the effect of Vocabulary Self -Selection strategy and Input Enhancement strategy on the vocabulary knowledge of Iranian EFL Learners. After taking a diagnostic pretest, both experimental groups enrolled in two classes. Learners who practiced Vocabulary Self-Selection were allowed to self-select each word from the text they wanted to, but the learners who practiced Input Enhancement strategy one session later than the other group, were just allowed to choose the words among the textually enhanced ones which were just limited to the finalized words of the Vocabulary Self-Selection group. After about three months of treatment, seen and unseen posttests were administered. The results revealed positive effects of both strategies on the vocabulary knowledge of the Iranian EFL learners. Thus it could be safely concluded that Vocabulary Self-Selection and Input Enhancement strategy were quite effective in the development of vocabulary knowledge. The performance of the two groups of Iranian EFL learners on the achievement posttest, as statistically shown, indicates that the Vocabulary Self-Selection group could outperform the Input Enhancement group on the vocabulary knowledge. The results revealed positive effects of both strategies on the vocabulary knowledge of the Iranian EFL learners. It was finally concluded that Vocabulary Self-Selection group outperformed those in Input Enhancement group. Thus it could be concluded that Iranian EFL learners who practiced Vocabulary Self-Selection strategy outperformed those who practiced Input Enhancement. Vocabulary Self-Selection strategy fostered vocabulary learning.
Miroslav Novák a kol.: Strany, volby a demokracie: Od Duvergera, k Sartorimu a dále
Authors: Kerekes Daniel
Published: July 2017

Knižní recenze / book review.
IMPLANTAÇÃO DA COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA UBU: AVALIAÇÃO DE IMPACTO A PARTIR DA MATRIZ INSUMO-PRODUTO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Sessa Celso Bissoli , Morandi Angela Maria , Lino Leandro De Souza , Trindade Lorena Zardo , Caliman Orlando
Published: July 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é mensurar os impactos socioeconômicos da CompanhiaSiderúrgica UBU - CSU, um projeto de siderúrgica integrada para produção de 5 milhões detoneladas/ano de placas, em Anchieta, no litoral sul do Espírito Santo. Dada a dimensão doprojeto, tanto na fase de construção quanto na de operação, e considerando a infraestrutura aele vinculada, seus impactos provocarão alterações na estrutura produtiva, na geração ecomposição do PIB e no perfil do emprego e da renda. A finalidade dessa abordagem éfortalecer os argumentos em torno de uma agenda econômica positiva, já que uma novasiderúrgica, atrelada a um porto e a ferrovias, se apresenta como um fator novo e agregador decapacidade competitiva sistêmica para a economia capixaba.
Percepção da população acerca das soluções propostas pelo Estado para conflitos socioambientais de minas subterrâneas de carvão em Criciúma - SC
Authors: Corrêa Rosany , Ruiz Mauro Silva , Kniess Cláudia Terezinha , Gallardo Amarilis Lucia Casteli Figueiredo , Ramos Heidy Rodriguez
Published: July 2017

Conflicts are inherent to the human being and when they involve environmental issues multiple stakeholders with conflicting but legitimate interests are involved. This article sought to answer: What is the perception of surface owners as to the actions taken by the state in mediating conflicts of negotiations related to environmental damage caused by surface subsidence of old coal mines? The methodological procedures adopted to answer this question involved bibliographical and documentary research and interviews with actors directly or indirectly involved in the conflicts. Today's conflicts stem from the subsidence of underground mines due to the expansion of the city on the mined areas in the past. As buildings and streets spreaded over the land surface, collapses of old mines started occcurring, opposing the interests of landowners and companies holding mining rights, this way generating conflicts. In conclusion, it was observed that, depending on the interests at stake and the bargaining power of the actors, these conflicts have been resolved via lawsuits in  the courts or through negotiation between the two major parties involved.
Influencia de la percepción y metodologías docentes aplicadas en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de la asignatura de dirección de recursos humanos en las empresas turísticas
Authors: Frende Vega María de los Ángeles , Biedma Ferrer José María , Arana Jiménez Manuel
Published: July 2017

En este trabajo se pretende estudiar los factores que influyen en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de la asignatura de Dirección de Recursos Humanos en Empresas Turísticas del Grado de Turismo de la Universidad de Cádiz. En concreto, analizamos si la percepción que tienen sobre la materia tiene relación con el esfuerzo que le dedican a la misma, así como si ese rendimiento está también relacionado con las metodologías docentes. A través de un análisis ANOVA, encontramos que el rendimiento está relacionado con la percepción pero no con las metodologías novedosas introducidas a raíz de nuestra entrada en el EEES. Los resultados de este estudio nos permiten reflexionar sobre la idoneidad de las herramientas pedagógicas que actualmente utilizamos.
Catral, de la huerta tradicional a la huerta urbanizada. La transformación del paisaje agrario en el Bajo Segura: del animus regandi al animus aedificandi
Authors: García-Mayor Clara , Canales Martínez Gregorio
Published: July 2017

El municipio de Catral es un ejemplo paradigmático en la Huerta histórica del Segura. Este territorio muestra las consecuencias del proceso de mutación del paisaje agrario debido a un cambio en el modelo socioeconómico, que utiliza el recurso suelo para implantar el uso turístico-residencial, incentivado desde la legislación urbanística y una laxitud administrativa en el control de la aplicación de la misma. Este caso de estudio ofrece un patrón de transformación que ha evolucionado desde el respeto al medio y conocimiento secular de las características del lugar de los primigenios asentamientos compactos, a una colonización dispersa, carente de estructura formal e integración sobre el espacio en el que se desarrolla.
Análisis de la actividad y presencia en facebook y otras redes sociales de los portales turísticos de las Comunidades Autónomas españolas
Authors: Giraldo Cardona Claudia Marcela , Martínez María-Dolores Soledad María
Published: July 2017

Las redes sociales son una herramienta muy útil para la promoción de servicios, productos y destinos en el sector turístico. Por ello, teniendo en cuenta el elevado crecimiento de usuarios de redes sociales durante los últimos años, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar la actividad de las Comunidades Autónomas Españolas en las mismas. Para ello, a través del modelo PRGS (Presencia, Respuesta, Generación y Sugerencia), medimos el comportamiento y la actividad que las marcas turísticas de 11 Comunidades Autónomas Españolas llevan a cabo en las redes sociales, fijándonos especialmente en Facebook por la relevancia que tiene en este sector.
Percepción del cambio climático y respuestas locales de adaptación: el caso del turismo rural
Authors: Gómez Martín María Belén , Armesto López Xosé A. , Cors Iglesias Martí
Published: July 2017

Desde el punto de vista del sector turístico, el conocimiento científico de las alteraciones producidas en el clima y de los impactos sectoriales derivados se configura como un aspecto clave para el desarrollo de las políticas de adaptación y mitigación del cambio climático. Sin embargo, todo ello resulta insuficiente si no va acompañado del conocimiento de las actitudes públicas, creencias y percepciones del riesgo que muestran los diferentes actores interesados. Apoyándose en una metodología mixta que incluye el enfoque cuantitativo y el cualitativo, este artículo explora la percepción del riesgo asociado al cambio climático que presentan actores clave del turismo rural. La aproximación planteada ha permitido conocer cómo se perciben los impactos del cambio climático, sus posibles repercusiones en los negocios de turismo rural y las respuestas locales de adaptación desarrolladas hasta el momento. La investigación también ha permitido detectar barreras subjetivas a las acciones de adaptación que podrían dificultar la lucha frente al fenómeno. Desde el punto de vista geográfico, la investigación se acota al Alt Empordà, una comarca catalana situada en el extremo nororiental de la conocida marca turística Costa Brava.
Estudio de la demanda existente en torno al oleoturismo. El caso de Andalucía
Authors: Orgaz Agüera Francisco , Moral Cuadra Salvador , López-Guzmán Tomás , Cañero Morales Pablo
Published: July 2017

El oleoturismo se desarrolla en el medio rural donde se refleja una determinada cultura en relación con el aceite de oliva. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el perfil sociodemográfico, las actividades, las motivaciones, las valoraciones y los niveles de satisfacción que tienen con el viaje los oleoturistas en varias zonas geográficas de Andalucía. Para ello se realizan encuestas a la demanda. Los resultados muestran que destacan visitantes de 60 o más años, con una renta media-alta, estudios universitarios y extranjeros. Las motivaciones son visitar la zona geográfica, aprender sobre el mundo del aceite y comer y beber productos de la zona. Lo más valorado es la hospitalidad y la conservación del entorno. La mayoría están satisfechos con el viaje realizado.
La lealtad del joven residente a través de las variables que le vinculan con su destino turístico
Authors: Parra López Eduardo , Martínez González José Alberto
Published: July 2017

En un contexto de turismo doméstico responsable y sostenible este trabajo tiene el objetivo de analizar el papel del apego al lugar, la familiaridad y la identidad de lugar en la formación de la lealtad del joven residente. La lealtad se define como la intención de visitar nuevamente el propio destino de residencia o de recomendarlo a otras personas. En el estudio no se incluyen aquellas variables de la empresa o del producto que son tradicionalmente tenidas en cuenta en el estudio de la formación de la lealtad en el sector turístico. Se constata que los niveles de todas las variables son altos y se genera un modelo causal que explica la formación de la lealtad exclusivamente a partir de las variables mencionadas. Aunque el análisis discriminante demuestra que no existen diferencias significativas en las respuestas de los jóvenes residentes en función del sexo, de la isla de residencia o de la cantidad de viajes realizados en el propio destino, en el trabajo se pone de manifiesto que sí existen algunas diferencias por razones de sexo en determinadas relaciones causales del modelo estructural propuesto.
Niveles de selectividad territorial de los destinos turísticos en México
Authors: Propin Frejomil Enrique , Sánchez Crispín Álvaro , Alvarado Sizzo Ilia
Published: July 2017

El aumento de los destinos turísticos en México ha significado una diversificación de la oferta turística del país. Sin embargo, la actuación de agentes sociales diversos ha priorizado lugares que destacan notoriamente de los restantes. Este trabajo revela una clasificación de destinos turísticos en diez niveles de selectividad territorial. Para ello, se precisaron las posiciones conceptuales asumidas; se reconocieron acontecimientos ligados con el fomento turístico-territorial, se formuló la metodología seguida y se describieron rasgos típicos de la jerarquía resultante de lugares.