bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnoeconomy of Europe: Turkish Segment
Authors: Sbitneva A. I.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the ethnic factor of the European economy. The migration of the Turks to Europe in the 1960s, formed a special segment of entrepreneurship in the region. A significant part of it was occupied by the representatives of the Turkish diaspora. Several factors including the social one contribute to the active development of the Turkish ethno-business in the European space. In addition, the formation and prosperity of the Turkish ethnic entrepreneurship in Europe is influenced by the high development of family and clan relations as well as the presence of various kinds of auxiliary mechanisms in the form of trade unions and business associations. In the context of small and medium-sized businesses, the key attention is paid to the development of the Turkish fast food industry related to the organization of food outlets, the hotel business, the provision of general services as well as tourism and logistics services. Large network business and transnational corporations of Turkey in most cases are engaged in such areas as: restaurant business; hotel business, including the construction of hotels; distribution of retail chains and Turkish brands. Islamic banking has also become a relatively new rapidly developing area of the Turkish ethnobusiness. The author concludes that the Turkish migration has significantly changed the nature of the European business. However, despite the wide representation of Turkish entrepreneurs in Europe, not all of them achieve the desired success and often face various kinds of discriminatory policies of the European authorities that restrict their activities.
Pemetaan Daerah Potensi Rawan Kebakaran Hutan Dan Lahan Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) Di Kecamatan Kota Waingapu Kabupaten Sumba Timur
Authors: Djima Umbu , Tanesib Jehunias Leonidas
Published: October 2024

Telah dilakukan pemetaan daerah potensi rawan kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Kecamatan Kota Waingapu Kabupaten Sumba Timur menggunakan sistem informasi geografis. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan daerah potensi rawan kebakaran hutan dan lahan serta mengklasifikasikan tingkat kerawanan di Kecamatan Kota Waingapu. Diperoleh parameter curah hujan memiliki nilai 963 mm/tahun (rendah), tutupan lahan yang didominasi oleh padang rumput dengan luas 8586,09 Ha; jenis tanah yang didominasi oleh Kambisol Eutrik dengan luas 10609,83 Ha; dan titik api didominasi oleh titik api dengan tingkat kepercayaan sedang sebanyak 53 titik. Proses analisis menggunakan metode overlay dari nilai skoring dan bobot untuk setiap parameter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat potensi rawan kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Kecamatan Kota Waingapu memiliki tingkat potensi rawan yang tinggi dengan luas 10002,37 Ha; sedang dengan luas 5133,39 Ha; dan rendah dengan luas 4610,55 Ha. Selanjutnya diketahui untuk perbandingan kesesuaian titik api berdasarkan tingkat kepercayaan terhadap tingkat potensi rawan kebakaran hutan dan lahan, diperoleh 23 titik api yang sesuai dan 50 titik api yang tidak sesuai. Untuk titik area yang terbakar dan jika didasarkan pada peta potensi rawan kebakaran hutan dan lahan yang dianalisis dapat diketahui bahwa terdapat 7 titik area yang telah terbakar merupakan daerah dengan potensi rawan yang tinggi.
La construcción de la identidad en personas adoptadas a través de la búsqueda de orígenes: ¿necesidades y derechos?
Authors: Medina Rodríguez María del Valle , Gallego Molinero Aránzazu , Clemente Martínez Chandra Kala
Published: October 2024

Introducción: En la construcción de la identidad de las personas intervienen diferentes procesos y factores. En las personas adoptadas el conocimiento de sus orígenes se revela como fundamental. Metodología: Los objetivos de la investigación son: (1) conocer el impacto que la búsqueda de orígenes tiene en la construcción de la identidad, y (2) conocer las dificultades que han tenido en esta búsqueda. Se han realizado 3 grupos focales donde participaron un total de 15 personas adoptadas. Los resultados se han analizado en torno a tres variables: significado de la búsqueda de orígenes, impacto de la misma en la construcción de la identidad y dificultades en el proceso. Resultados: No existe consenso en torno a la importancia de la búsqueda de orígenes en la construcción de la identidad y a las formas que ésta puede presentar; se evidencian diferencias en torno a las dificultades encontradas en esta búsqueda. Discusión: Existen diferentes significados en torno a la búsqueda de los orígenes y su papel en la construcción de la identidad. Conclusiones: La búsqueda de orígenes se revela como un proceso complejo y requiere del desarrollo de apoyos materiales e institucionales a las personas y a sus familias adoptivas.
Aplicación de la Economía Circular en la Industria Metalúrgica Minera para la Recuperación de oro y la Producción de Ladrillos a partir de Relaves
Authors: Yoplac Castromonte Edwilde , Avalo Cortez Orfelinda , Martínez Aguilar David Pedro , Uza Teruya Julio , Sierra Redhead Kevin Javier
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Los relaves mineros son desechos tóxicos que generan riesgos ambientales al exponerse al agua y oxígeno. Este estudio evalúa el uso de relaves de oro para recuperar oro y producir ladrillos, aplicando un enfoque de economía circular. Metodología: Se caracterizó la muestra para determinar las especies minerales y propiedades. Luego se realizaron pruebas de flotación en los relaves. Resultados: La caracterización de los relaves de Marañón reveló altas concentraciones de oro en arsenopirita, con el 90% del oro y plata en partículas menores de 74 μm. La arsenopirita en este tamaño fino puede dañar el medio ambiente por su toxicidad. Discusión: El método ofrece una ventaja al reducir el volumen de relaves mediante la fabricación de ladrillos, además de productos ornamentales fabricados con cemento y silicato de sodio a temperatura ambiente. Conclusiones: La economía circular aplicada a la gestión de relaves en minería ha mostrado beneficios ambientales y económicos. Se reduce la generación de residuos y se recuperan materiales valiosos como oro y plata. Además, los relaves tratados pueden reutilizarse en la fabricación de ladrillos sin causar impactos ambientales.
La derecha radical populista en España (2019-2024): estudio de caso del discurso de Vox
Authors: Romero Carlos Pablos , Andaluz Antón Lucía , Corrales Aznar José Manuel
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La derecha radical populista, definida por Cas Mudde en 2007, ha visto surgir partidos en Europa que, aunque derivados de la extrema derecha de los años 80 y 90, presentan diferencias significativas. Estos partidos han logrado adaptarse a la democracia parlamentaria y han liderado gobiernos en varios países europeos. Metodología: El artículo utiliza una metodología cualitativa y etnográfica para analizar las características de la derecha radical populista en Europa y su expansión en España, específicamente con la entrada de Vox en el parlamento andaluz en 2018. Se examina el estilo discursivo y el electorado de Vox. Resultados: El análisis revela que Vox adopta la retórica y el ideario de la derecha radical populista, utilizando un discurso populista, antielitista, nativista, antifeminista, negacionista del cambio climático y autoritario, mientras acepta la democracia liberal. Discusión: El artículo destaca la complejidad de clasificar a estos partidos únicamente como extrema derecha, subrayando su capacidad para adaptarse y prosperar en el sistema democrático. Conclusiones: Vox representa en España la derecha radical populista, recurriendo a la desinformación y un estilo discursivo polarizante, lo que refleja su afinidad con las tendencias políticas de la derecha radical en Europa.
La creatividad motriz según la resolución de problema identificada
Authors: Cortez Gutiérrez Hernán Oscar , Cortez Gutiérrez Milton Milciades , Gil Flores Miguel ´´Angel
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Los niveles de resolución de problemas permiten caracterizar dos grupos uno denominado “apropiado” y otro “no apropiado” que pueden servir para mejorar el nivel de creatividad y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Por tanto, las dimensiones de la creatividad motriz y las habilidades de los dos grupos para resolver problemas deben ser investigadas de manera longitudinal y espacial en estudiantes. Metodología: Se identificaron dos grupos de resolución de problemas y se establecerán diferencias estadísticamente significativas de las medias entre los grupos identificados a través de un ANOVA y/o MANOVA en las puntuaciones de creatividad motriz. Aplicamos estadísticas correlacionales de Spearman. La muestra fue no aleatoria y basada en conveniencia. Se segmentaron datos por género y edad usando SPSS, y se realizaron análisis estadísticos como regresión múltiple, Odds Ratio (OR), intervalos de confianza (IC) para los riesgos. Se utilizaron redes neuronales para evaluar la importancia de las variables. Resultados: Se obtuvo diferencias entre las medias de nivel de creatividad motriz en los dos grupos de resolución de problemas. La comprobación de las diferencias de medias está sustentada en el estadístico de Fisher. las pruebas de correlación de Pearson y Spearman indicaron una relación significativa entre la creatividad motriz y la resolución de problemas con diversos objetos. El test de Kolmogorov-Smirnov confirmó la distribución normal de las variables. Discusión: Los hallazgos sugieren que la creatividad motriz está significativamente influenciada por las habilidades para resolver problemas, subrayando la necesidad de programas educativos que incorporen actividades físicas creativas. Similares resultados son establecidos con pruebas de comparación de medias de pruebas paramétricas (t- Student) y no paramétricas (U de Mann-Whitney). Conclusiones: Es importante intervenir el grupo denominado “no apropiado” para la mejora de su nivel de creatividad motriz. Asimismo, la creatividad motriz está estrechamente vinculada a la resolución de problemas, y las estrategias educativas que promueven el movimiento creativo pueden impactar significativamente en el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes.
Barreras y potencialidades de los productores agrícolas que inciden en su capacidad de adaptación al cambio climático en la Meseta Comiteca Tojolabal, Chiapas, México
Authors: Maldonado-Méndez María de Lourdes , Monterroso Rivas Alejandro Ismael , Escárraga Torres Laura Judith , Bustos Linares Elizabeth , Sibelet Nicole
Published: October 2024

Chiapas es un estado de México altamente vulnerable al cambio climático, principalmente por su ubicación en la zona intertropical y por sus condiciones socioeconómicas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las barreras y potencialidades de los productores agrícolas de la región Meseta Comiteca Tojolabal, que inciden en la estimación de su capacidad de adaptación al cambio climático. Para ello, se aplicaron 108 cuestionarios a productores predominantemente agrícolas, pecuarios o silvicultores, así como 10 entrevistas a funcionarios públicos y extensionistas agropecuarios de cada municipio de la región. Mediante análisis cualitativo, se categorizó a cada productor con base en la tipología de productores agrícolas en contexto de cambio climático y se evaluaron 16 indicadores. El 85 % de los productores encuestados son productores familiares, de los cuales el 56 % de ellos se encuentran en los tipos 1 al 6, considerados como productores familiares de subsistencia con un mayor riesgo, debido a su nivel de sensibilidad y exposición al cambio climático. Entre las potencialidades de los productores encuestados destacan los recursos naturales, la seguridad y propiedad de la tierra, y la diversificación de fuentes de ingresos; como barreras se identifican la deficiencia de recursos humanos, capital social, capacidad institucional y recursos económicos.
Precipitation Assessment of Kabul City from 2006-2020
Authors: Radmanish Sayed Habibullah , Rafie Mujtaba , Aman Mohammad Usman
Published: October 2024

Assessment of precipitation conditions is a crucial factor in determining an area's current
and future climatic conditions. This study investigates precipitation conditions in Kabul City
from 2006 to 2020, covering the last 15 years. Research shows that 50% of precipitation
occurs in the winter season in Kabul and varies from year to year. The trend line of
precipitation has shown a minimal increase of 0.64mm/yr, which is insufficient due to the
dense urban population's high-temperature increase and daily water usage. The study aims
to assess the precipitation conditions in Kabul for the past 15 years. For this purpose, climatic
data from the Afghanistan Meteorological Department (AMD) and daily precipitation data
were analyzed. Standard deviation equations were applied to determine the dry and wet years
from the average (normal) year. The analysis of the precipitation data demonstrated two
periods of severe droughts and one moderate rainy period. The first severe drought occurred
from 2007 to 2008, the second period of severe drought occurred from 2016 to 2018, and one
moderate rainy period occurred from 2011 to 2014. The results indicate that Kabul City's
precipitation is not enough due to the usage of groundwater by the dense urban population,
car wash companies, public baths, and the recent establishment of too many greenhouses in
the suburbs of Kabul City.
Consequently, the water balance is negative, leading to a shortage. Understanding the
precipitation condition of Kabul City and its trends over the past 15 years is crucial for
policymakers and stakeholders when making decisions on water resources management,
agriculture, food production, and environmental challenges incorporation projects. This
research provides valuable information that can support evidence-based decision-making to
address the challenges posed by the changing climate patterns in Afghanistan.
Bimbingan Kelompok Berbasis Cerita Rakyat: Menemukan Identitas Diri Remaja di Tengah Gelombang K-Pop
Authors: Fahrani Ririn , Putri Ramtia Darma , Sari Syska Purnama
Published: October 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of folklore-based group guidance in developing students' self-identity. This research uses quantitative experimental research methods with a one group pretest posttest research design. The research sample consisted of 9 students taken using purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used a Likert scale model, which was then analyzed using the normality test and the Wilcoxon test. In general, the research findings explain that folklore-based group guidance is effective in developing junior high school students' self-identity. Specifically: 1) Students' self-identity before being given folklore-based group guidance based on data processing results obtained an average score of 55.4 so that based on the pre-test results it can be seen that students' level of self-identity tends to be moderate. 2). Students' self-identity after being given folklore-based group guidance based on the results of data processing obtained an average score of 77.1 so that based on the post-test results it can be seen that the level of students' self-identity tends to be high. It is hoped that the research results can contribute to subsequent research and provide an overview of the research series.
Efektivitas Bimbingan Kelompok Menggunakan Metode Role Playing dalam Meminimalisir Kecenderungan Nomophobia
Authors: Yusmainar Yusmainar , Kasih Fitria , Triyono Triyono
Published: October 2024

This study aims to describe nomophobic behavior before and after being given group guidance services using the role playing method and test the effectiveness of group guidance using the role playing method to minimize students' nomophobic tendencies. ​This type of research is quantitative with experimental method. The research population is phase F students of SMA N 1 Gunung Talang totaling 20 people, the sample amounted to 10 people with purposive sampling technique. The instrument used is a questionnaire, while for data analysis with percentage techniques and t tests. The results of this study indicate that 1) The description of students' nomophobia behavior before being given group guidance services using the role playing method is in a fairly high category. 2) The description of students' nomophobic behavior after being given group guidance services using the role playing method is in the low category. 3) Group guidance using the role playing method to minimize the tendency of nomophobia of students is effective before and after being given the service.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku nomophobia sebelum dan sesudah diberikan layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan menggunakan metode role playing dan menguji efektifitas bimbingan kelompok dengan menggunakan metode role playing untuk meminimalisir kecenderungan nomophobia peserta didik. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Populasi peneltian adalah peserta didik fase F SMA N 1 Gunung Talang yang berjumlah 20 orang, sampel berjumlah 10 orang dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrument yang digunakan adalah angket, sedangkan untuk analisis data dengan teknik persentase dan uji t. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) Gambaran perilaku nomophobia peserta didik sebelum diberikan layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan menggunakan metode role playing berada pada kategori cukup tinggi. 2) Gambaran perilaku nomophobia peserta didik setelah diberikan layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan menggunakan metode role playing berada pada kategori rendah. 3) bimbingan kelompok dengan menggunakan metode role playing untuk meminimalisir kecenderungan nomophobia peserta didik efektif sebelumdan sesudah diberikan layanan.
Ethnolinguistics and Folklore Poetics. 4. «A Mother Bewitches her Son into a Snake»
Authors: Sedakova Irina A.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the Bulgarian folk songs «Mother turns her son into a snake», which are distinguished by a unique mythological plot and describe the transformation of a person due to the magic activity of the mother into a hybrid creature – half-man, half-snake. The study focuses on the structure of the song and the combination of repeated and unique content blocks. A special place is given to mythological aspects – the description of gypsies as carriers of magical knowledge, herbs that separate spouses, preparation of a witch’s potion, the characteristics of how a demonological character is presented in the songs and in other folklore genres. The explicit didacticism of the song is shown – using the example of reprisals against the mother, the ideas are conveyed that slander, hatred in the family, and black magic are punishable. The conclusion contains the main ideas of the depiction of ethnographic reality with folklore poetic means.
New Edition of Glagolitic Manuscripts in Croatia
Authors: Akimova Olga A. , Turilov Anatoly A.
Published: October 2024

The work is devoted to a critical review of the relatively recently published edition of the Scientific Center for Innovative Research of Croatian Glagolitic at the Old Slavic Institute of the Croatian Academy of Sciences, dedicated to the monument of the 15th century – the Second Beram (Ljubljana) Breviary, consisting of two volumes of text publication (facsimile and set) and a collection of comprehensive studies on this glagolitic code. The collection includes articles by leading Croatian historians and linguistic philologists on paleography, illumination, textual and language codex, as well as the medieval history of the Beram region.
УПРАВЛІННЯ ЛОГІСТИЧНИМИ ПРОЦЕСАМИ У ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: БОСА Інна , МЕЛЬНИК Альона
Published: October 2024

Робота присвячена аналізу та дослідженню проблем та перспектив систем управління логістичними процесами підприємств в Україні в умовах воєнного стану. У статті автороми систематизовано логістичні операції та інструменти автоматизації процесів логістичної системи підприємства. Визначено ключові аспекти, які вливатимуть на ефективне функціонування логістичної системи підприємства в контексті управління логістичними процесами для забезпечення економічної безпеки підприємства.
Pelatihan Self-Massage untuk Karateka dalam Mengatasi Kelelahan Pasca Latihan
Authors: Kadir Suprianto , Haryanto Arief Ibnu , Suardika I Kadek , Muktiani Nur Rohmah
Published: October 2024

Kelelahan pasca latihan adalah masalah umum yang dihadapi oleh atlet, salah satunya karateka yang melibatkan intensitas tinggi dan durasi panjang. Self-Massage adalah teknik yang dapat membantu mempercepat proses pemulihan dengan meningkatkan sirkulasi darah, mengurangi ketegangan otot, dan mengurangi nyeri otot. Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di Gelanggang Olahraga David Tony Kabupaten Gorontalo yang menggunakan beberapa peralatan yaitu bed massage, matras, roller foam, gun massage, matras, back massager magnetic therapy, minyak zaitun, dan handuk wajah. Metode untuk pengabdian ini dirancang melalui prosedur observasi lapangan, koordinasi dengan pengurus, Focus Group Discussion, pelaksanaan pelatihan, evaluasi dan publikasi artikel. Hasil dari evaluasi yang memakai metode lembar observasi yang mencakup tingkat partisipasi, kolaborasi dan kerjasama, penerapan materi, keterampilan yang diperoleh, dan respons terhadap pertanyaan menggambarkan bahwa pengabdian ini berjalan dengan baik dan sukses. Kesimpulannya, pelatihan Self-Massage yang dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Gorontalo terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan dan pengetahuan atlet dan pelatih dalam mengatasi kelelahan pasca latihan. Peserta disarankan untuk rutin mengintegrasikan teknik Self-Massage dalam rutinitas pemulihan mereka dan mengikuti sesi tindak lanjut untuk memastikan praktik yang konsisten serta pembaruan pengetahuan.
Pemeriksaan Dampak Mengkonsumsi Minuman Beralkohol Terhadap Kadar Enzim Aspartat Aminotransferase (AST) dan Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
Authors: Fatmawati Shinta , Husnah Yeni Vidhatul , Rahmawati Previta Zeizar
Published: October 2024

Aspartat aminotransferase (ast) and alanine aminotransferase (Alt) or which is the enzyme transaminase used liver function tests. When alcohol enters the body, a metabolism in the liver is carried out with an end result of acetydehid when an excessive dose causes liver damage. The purpose of research to determine whether or not there is a correlation between the consumption of alcohol and its blast of bank. this study is a non-experiment of quantitative experimentation with a sampling technique. The respondents in this study are 24 alcohol drinkers of NTT students in the unfortunate city. And sample analysis methods of the kinetic ifcc and the chemical analyzer clinic - the mindray analyzer. On 24 of the respondents of all sexs-men will be analyzed based on long consumption, high consumption of alcohol, and heavy drink-alcohol consumption. The research data obtained will be done in a statistical test using the Pearson correlation test. Studies conducted on alcohol drinkers for a normal ast result are 18 respondents and abnormal results of 6. Studies on alcohol drinkers for normal test levels included 19 individuals and abnormal results for 5. The Pearson correlation test between the amount of consumption between the ast consumption is 0,184 and p-value 0.05, and the high consumption of alcohol is 0.508 and the value of p-value 0.05, and the amount of drinking is an e-0.405 and p-value 0.05. Studies between consumption length and Alt levels have found a very weak link of 0,033 and p-value 0.05, the high consumption of alcohol is 0,426 and the value of p-value 0.05, and the high drinking relationship of weak value are = 0.315 and p-value 0.05. The study has had a negative impact on excessive consumption of alcohol, raising levels of ast and Alt especially on high-alcohol drinkers and excessive drinking frequency.
Impact of the Islamic Modes of Finance on the Profitability of Islamic Banking Sector in Pakistan
Authors: Gul Mudeeba , Khan Atta Ullah
Published: October 2024

The persistence of Islamic finance in any economy is arguably essential to address the economic needs of the society. The golden principles of Islam that is, profit and loss sharing, honesty, and doing business keeping in view the welfare of the people can play a vital role in alleviating poverty. The primary objective of the current study is to investigate empirically the impact of the Islamic modes of finance and their contribution in enhancing profitability. For this purpose, time series quarterly data ranging from 2014Q1-2020Q4 of the Islamic modes of finance (including Sukuk) wereused to find their impact on the profitability of the Islamic banking sector as measured by Return on Asset (ROA). The ARDL and bounds cointegration approach were used to examine the level relationship among the underlying variables. The results provided strong evidence of a long-run equilibrium relationship. The results also showed that Murabaha, Musharaka, Istisnaa, and Diminishing Partnership have a prominent positive and significant impact on ROA. However, the impact of Murabaha on profitability remains significantly higher as compared to the other modes of finance. The second most important determinant of profitability is Musharaka, followed by Istisnaa. The estimated value of error correction term showed a significant adjustment towards the long-run equilibrium. These findings may help the managers of Islamic banks in allocating funds to different modes and portfolios for optimal returns. They may also have a big impact on the ability of policymakers to create policies appropriate for interest-free windows and branches. Moreover, they would allow Islamic banks to retain their competitive edge and improve the quality of their services.
Financial Development and Firm Leverage in Pakistan: Conventional and Islamic perspective
Authors: Ahmed Irfan , Ghafoor Zeeshan , Khan Muhammad Abid , Jamil Syed Hassan , Majeed Afkar
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Islamic finance vs conventional finance development on firms’ leverage and debt maturity in Pakistan.
We extract the annual data for the period 2010 to 2020. The final sample comprises 325 firms, after excluding financial firms, listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSE). We use OLS and Fixed-Effects regression to estimate the impact of Islamic and conventional finance development on firm leverage and debt maturity. Our findings hold using battery of robustness check.      
We demonstrate that stock market development has a  negative impact on leverage while conventional bank development is positively linked with leverage. Further, we find that overall Islamic finance development (Islamic bank and Sukuk market) is positively associated with leverage and debt maturity, in contrast, conventional finance development is inversely linked with debt maturity. Collectively, our results support the importance of Islamic finance supply-side factors on firms’ capital structure decisions. Our findings require the attention of regulatory bodies for financial development in Pakistan.
E-Satisfaction of Pakistani e-NADRA Website Using System Usability Scale (SUS) Evaluation
Authors: Khan Hafiz Muhammad Ashja , Muhammad Abdul Hafeez
Published: October 2024

The current study attempted to evaluate how customers perceive and interact with the 'Pak identity service' offered by the “National Database and Registration Authority” (NADRA). The study specifically aimed to assess the citizens' opinions about the lately introduced e-government service, Pak-identity, in terms of its user-friendliness, adaptation, and artistry. A quantitative approach was employed by using a questionnaire-based survey in order to identify the factors that influence customer e-loyalty. This approach helps to gain insights into how citizens perceive and behave towards this service. The study collected responses from a sample of 25 individuals through random sampling technique to ensure that it aligns with the study's objectives. Additionally, certain measures were taken to ensure the credibility and validity of the scale used in this research. The current study holds a unique position in the context of evaluating e-services in the country. It focused on the attributes related to the quality of web services provided to citizens, with the ultimate goal of enhancing their adoption and acceptance within society.
Sentiment Analysis of Roman Urdu Text Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Malik Mubasher , Ghous Hamid
Published: October 2024

Social media has attained popularity during the last few decades due to the rapid growth of online businesses and social interaction. People can interact with one another and communicate their sentiments by expressing their ideas and points of view on social media. Businesses involved in manufacturing, sales, and marketing increasingly focus on social media to get feedback on their goods and services from people worldwide. Businesses must process and analyze this feedback in the form of sentiments to gain business insights. Every day, millions of Urdu and Roman Urdu sentences are posted on social media platforms. The critical loss of this massive amount of data results from ignoring the thoughts and opinions in language with limited resources, such as Urdu and Roman Urdu in the favor of resource-rich languages, such as English. The current study focused on sentiment analysis of Roman Urdu text. Bag of Words (BoW) and Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) word embedding techniques were deployed to conduct the current study. Support Vector Machine (SVM), Linear Support Vector Machine (LSVC), Logistic Regression (LR), and Random Forest (RF) classifiers were deployed. The experiments showed that SVM showed 94.74%, while RF showed 93.13% accuracy using BoW word embedding technique
Muqarnas in Islamic Architecture: Development, Materials, and Techniques
Authors: Naz Farhana
Published: October 2024

Muqarnas was first created during the first millinium AD and became a defining feature of Islamic architecture during the second mellinium, specifically between the 11th and 16th centuries, both in religious and secular contexts. Although largely abandoned by the 17th century, the use of muqarnas decoration reached its peak during the above period. This study examines muqarnas, its three-dimensional architectural embellishment, as well as its development and influence on modern architecture. For this purpose, the descriptive analytical approach was employed. Architectural surveys were carried out at the local level,  while textual analysis was done to analyze the historical development. The history of muqarnas was traced from Islamic religious buildings to modern architecture. It was found that digital technologies including Computer Aided Design (CAD) and computer numerical control (CNC) have influenced muqarnas pattern design and rebirth in the 20th and 21st centuries. Both ancient and modern muqarnas use isometries and symmetry, although their design procedures are different. Parametric design and CAD tools allow the current muqarnas to be dynamic and flexible, unlike the traditional ones. The current research underlines that regionally available materials and pattern availability affect the design of muqarnas. Early manifestations of muqarnas were used to fragment squinches, which ultimately led to the creation of an aesthetically pleasing formal mechanism and a system of three-dimensional decoration. In the middle period, muqarnas was also used as decorative carvings on structural member. At present, lightweight materials such as fiberglass and pre-fabricated muqarnas are preferred in contemporary architecture, although the details of muqarnas are still maintained for their aesthetic value. The geometry used to calculate muqarnas has remained the same since its development, regardless of the materials used. This research stimulates the design of new muqarnas patterns for aesthetic purposes and building performance optimization. Modern architecture uses muqarnas compositions and digital technologies to reflect the traditional cultural and historical patterns, creating a developing trend.
Culture of Poverty and Sustainable Development: Case of Machar Colony in Karachi
Authors: Ahmed Suneela
Published: October 2024

This paper analyzes the intrinsic relation between two key indicators of development; sustainability and poverty. It specifically focuses on culture of poverty and sustainable development. Sustainable development envisions a balanced growth of human societies, meeting the current needs without compromising the required natural resources for future generations. The idea of culture of poverty is put forward in social theory, and the idea revolves around ideals of people experiencing poverty and how it may play an important role in preserving their disadvantaged situation, thus maintaining a cycle of poverty across generations. They may be resistant to considering sustainable choices while taking advantage of economic opportunities. So, the question posed is whether the culture of poverty acts as a hindrance or a facilitator for sustainable development. Given that culture forms an intrinsic part of sustainable development principles, this paper reviews the case of a marginalized low-income community in Karachi, exploring the everyday choices they make within the culture of poverty and the interface they have with the larger framework of sustainable development. Case study methodology has been employed, with qualitative interviews, observation and mapping used as research tools. The results of the research reveal a sense of disempowerment that residents of Machar Colony face, leading them to focus on short-term survival rather than long-term sustainable development objectives.  The prevalent culture of poverty impedes progress and development, failing to pave the path for sustainable livelihood.
Enhancing Energy Conservation, Visual and Thermal Comfort in Small Houses of Karachi
Authors: Salam Madiha , Zafar Shaharyar , Awan Usman
Published: October 2024

The significance of housing in developing cities cannot be overstated, as individuals strive to acquire and own physical assets throughout their lives, even in the case of small plots as modest as 80 square yards. In urban areas such as Karachi, smaller houses ranging from 80 to 240 square yards mostly are predominantly constructed by contractors or by owners themselves. This is to avoid additional fees charged by architects who may tailor the design to suit the context and specific requirements. Consequently, these houses tend to exhibit a similar layout, maximizing the utilization of allowable space as stipulated by the bylaws. However, this approach often leads to limited natural ventilation and daylighting, resulting in increased energy consumption for thermal and visual comfort. Hence, the current research underscores the urgency of addressing the prevailing lack of natural ventilation and daylighting in these houses. To address these concerns, it presents a comprehensive framework of passive strategies aimed at enhancing the thermal and visual comfort of occupants. Firstly, an archival study was conducted, encompassing a comprehensive literature review, which served as a foundation to understand the subject matter. Secondly, a comparative study was undertaken to examine conventional small house typical plans prevalent in Karachi. This study was followed by the formulation of proposals for improved planning. Various secondary resources were utilized to support the comparative analysis of two typical house plans in Karachi, in conjunction with the proposed passive strategies. Through the application of these strategies, occupants can benefit from improved comfort, reduced energy consumption, and heightened well-being.
Professional Competence of Teachers and School Climate: A Conceptual Perspective
Authors: Nadeem Hamid Ali , Lilla Zafar Iqbal
Published: October 2024

This paper explores the conceptual perspective of professional competence of teachers and the school climate. Professional competence is explained in terms of professional knowledge, teachers’ disposition, and their professional skills. Professional education courses in teacher training institutes play a crucial role in developing professional competence among teachers. These courses equip teachers for instructional planning, classroom management, assessment and evaluation and creating and managing a conducive learning environment. They also emphasize building a congenial relationship between the school and the community, aligning with various domains of school climate. School climate encompasses the cumulative experiences of students, teachers, and head teachers about different aspects of the institution. This conceptual paper conducts an extensive theoretical review of over 135 research articles on both professional competence and school climate, examining their concepts, dimensions, and measuring methods. Given the common factors of both the concepts, a conceptual linkage has been established. This paper aims to enhance understanding of professional competence and school climate and their interrelationship with various influencing factors.
Educational Research for the Future
Authors: Reid Norman
Published: October 2024

This review paper reflects on the findings of two major educational texts. These reveal some of the underlying principles that underpin aspects of learning. The two books also shed light on why much educational research today is making minimal impact, in terms of  benefiting  both teachers and learners. Although the two books start from very different perspectives, there is a considerable overlap in the findings they present, and offer common ground in suggesting ways forward in developing educational research of much higher quality. These books, along with the numerous references cited in them, offer a clear framework for the future. This review paper seeks to summarise some of the key findings, drawing in selected related literature as needed. The findings are relevant for teachers, teacher trainers, researchers as well as education policy-makers.
Elementary Science Teachers’ Perceptions of Science Quizzes
Authors: Choudhary Farkhunda Rasheed , Shahzad Romana
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the perception of science teachers about science quizzes at elementary level employing survey method. The population of this study comprised all science teachers working at elementary level in public schools of District Rawalpindi during 2019.  The sample consisted of 105 science teachers working in public schools of tehsil Kallar Syedan, District Rawalpindi. A questionnaire was developed by the researcher and validated by experts, which was then administered to the sample. Frequency and percentage of each statement were calculated to analyze the data.  The study examined the perception of science teachers about usefulness of quizzes, effect of quizzes on instructor and effect of quizzes on improving academic performance.  Findings of the study showed that teachers perceive quizzes as an effective way of improving students’ grades of. Quizzes serve multiple beneficial purposes, including promoting regularity among students, improving study habits, motivating them, fostering, and ultimately increasing both students’ learning and retention.  Additionally, administration of quizzes particularly at the start of day can drift learners directly into the topic and provide a quick review of previously learnt material. Regularly scheduled quizzes enable teachers to know whether certain topics need to be taught again or not. It is recommended that work load of teachers be reduced and facilities be provided, particularly to science teachers to conduct frequent quizzes.  This, in turn, is expected to enhance students’ performance at end of course exam.
Balancing Work-Life: Examining the Career Decisions of Women Educational Leaders
Authors: Ambrose Diana , Soomro Kamal Ahmed
Published: October 2024

This research study explores the growth of career patterns in women and the factors affecting their career decisions. For women to participate in society, the male-dominated culture was challenged when women decided to have a strong footing in leadership positions and at the same time balance work and life. Therefore, it was necessary to investigate what made these women career-oriented, while simultaneously managing their homes. This qualitative research using the narrative technique examined the causes that led women leaders to work toward their career development. It also investigated as to how this decision affected their lives. Through purposive sampling, eight department heads from different universities in Karachi were selected and interviewed. Through thematic analysis, the data was analyzed. This study implies that women are aware of the effects of their decisions still they pursue their careers because their cause is more important to them. In conclusion, this study contributes to understanding the factors influencing women's career decisions and the impact of these decisions on their lives.
Recitation of The Holy Quran Verses Recognition System Based on Speech Recognition Techniques
Authors: Afzal Muhammad Rehan , Ali Aqib , Mashwani Wali Khan , Anam Sania , Zubair Muhammad , Qammar Laraib
Published: October 2024

Arabic is the language in which the Holy Quran was revealed to Mohammed (S.A.W). Muslims claim that the Holy Quran has not been tampered with since it has been preserved. The Arabic Quran should be read exactly as it has been written. With the flourishment of Islam and the appearance of faults in Quran’s recitation, the experts created Tajweed to preserve Allah's revelation. The Holy Quran's authenticity and purity must be protected from erasure or contamination. The current study examined speech recognition techniques used in the Quran’s recitation along with their strengths and faults. Moreover, it also examined the Quranic text verification paradigm. The development of a computer-aided system, to automatically learn the Holy Quran's recitation, is a practical learning technique. Computer-aided Programming Language (CAPL) has gained popularity in recent years. Moreover, numerous researches have been conducted so far to improve these methods, especially in second-language instruction. Computer technologies can help language teachers with pronunciation and accent reduction. The computers play an essential role in automated tutoring. With the help of computer, words can be learned at home. CAPL's strict application is to automate the Holy Quran’s recitation unlike a language-learning exercise, where many pronunciations may be appropriate. There is minimal opportunity for variation while reciting the Holy Quran in Arabic language. The current study presented a concept for Quran’s recitation verification system along with an overview of Quran’s voice recognition techniques.
Factors Behind Virtual Reality (VR) Enactment for Netflix Watching in Pakistan: An Integrated SEM-ANN-based Study
Authors: Ali Sana , Pasha Saadia , Hashmat Shazia
Published: October 2024

From the Netflix perspective, "entertainment is just like you eat buffet." In this regard, Netflix services prefer to deploy modern technology solutions that facilitate the consumers regularly. By keeping in view the potential integration of modern technology in Netflix watching, the current study adopted an integrated SEM-ANN technique to scrutinize some basic characteristics of Netflix as dynamic mechanisms of Virtual Reality (VR) adoption in Pakistan. The current research used a self-proposed study model and randomly selected a sample of n= 400 students from n= 4 private sector universities in Islamabad. The analysis, using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) results, indicated several significant associations. Specifically, it was observed that social influence, satisfaction, and relevance were notably linked with Netflix usage. Additionally, there was a robust and statistically significant relationship between Netflix usage, perceived ease of use, and behavioral intention. Furthermore, perceived ease of use and behavioral intention demonstrated significant correlations with virtual reality adoption. In the subsequent Artificial Neural Network (ANN) analysis, an accuracy of 51.1% was achieved during the training phase and a further improvement to 54.4% during the testing phase. In light of these results, while adopting technology in Pakistan may have been relatively gradual, the transition from conventional media to social TV, integrated with VR, marks the inception of a new technological era in the country. This shift holds important implications for the media landscape and consumer behavior. Finally, the study limitations and contributions have also been discussed accordingly.
Voice Cloning Using Transfer Learning with Audio Samples
Authors: Nawaz Usman , Raza Usman Ahmed , Farooq Amjad , Iqbal Muhammad Junaid , Tariq Ammara
Published: October 2024

Voice cloning refers to the artificial replication of a certain human voice. Several deep learning approaches were studied for voice cloning. After studying learning approaches, a cloning system was offered that creates natural-sounding audio samples within few seconds of source speech from the target speaker. From a speaker verification challenge to text-to-speech synthesis with multi-speaker capability, the current study used a transfer learning technique. In a zero-shot mode, this system creates speech sounds in the voices of various speakers, even individuals who were not seen during the training process. The current study used latent embedding’s to encode speaker-specific information, enabling additional model parameters to be pooled across all speakers. The speaker modelling stage was separated from voice synthesis by training a discrete speaker-discriminative encoder network. This is because networks require distinct types of input, disconnection enables each to be trained using separate datasets. When employed for zero-shot adaptability to unknown speakers, an embedding-based technique for voice cloning enhances speaker resemblance. Furthermore, it reduces computational resource needs which may be advantageous for use-cases requiring minimal resource deployment.
Determining Urdu News Type from Headline Text Using Deep Learning
Authors: Arshad Umair , Malik Khawar Iqbal , Arooj Hira , Fiaz Muhammad
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the volume of data of regional languages available on the Internet has grown significantly. It helps people to express themselves by removing linguistic boundaries. Moreover, the accessibility of news articles on the web provides billions of web users with a source of knowledge. This research offers a classification model for categorizing Urdu news headlines text with deep learning (DL) techniques and different word vector embeddings. To improve the efficacy of various Urdu natural language processing (NLP) applications, this study included two neural word embeddings built by utilizing the most widely used approaches, namely Word2vec and pre-trained fastText. Both intrinsic and extrinsic evaluation methods were used to examine the integrity of the created neural word embeddings. The study employed a vast, fresh corpus of Urdu text containing 153,050 headlines categorized into 8 different classes. Then, text pre-processing techniques and two DL models, namely the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) were applied. The results were compared based on embeddings. It was found that when a pre-trained fastText embedding was utilized, BiLSTM surpassed other DL models with an accuracy of 93.93%, precision of 93.86%, recall of 93.93%, and F1 score of 93.89%.