bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research Trends and Hotspots of the Applications of Single-cell RNA Sequencing in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study
Authors: Yu Yue , Ye Juan , Wang Rubing , Wang JingJing , Wang Junnan , Xu Qiumeng , Wang Pei , Wang Bei , Zhang Yufeng
Published: April 2024

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death globally. The use of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in CVDs has gained significant attention in recent years, and there is a growing body of literature on the subject. However, a thorough and impartial analysis of the existing state and trends of scRNA-seq in CVDs is lacking. This study aims to examine the development of scRNA-seq in CVDs using bibliometric and visualized analysis.
Methods: Global publications on scRNA-seq and CVDs from 2009 to 2023 were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. The R package "Bibliometrix", VOSviewer, and CiteSpace were employed to perform a bibliometric study.
Results: After applying the screening criteria and omitting documents that met exclusive criteria, this bibliometric study included 1,170 papers. These were authored by 8,595 scholars from 1,565 organizations in 57 countries or regions and were published in 369 journals, with 51,073 co-cited references included. Publication volume, citations, and relative research interest index focusing on this field have dramatically increased since 2019. The cooperation network showed that the USA, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Xin Zou were the most active country, institute, and author in this field, respectively. Circulation Research was the journal with the most publications, which was confirmed to be the top core source by Bradford’s Law. The hotspots and emerging direction in the field manifest in (1) three CVDs (atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure) and (2) three cell types (macrophage, fibroblast, and smooth muscle cell)
Conclusions: Our study provides a systematic visualization of the research literature on scRNA-seq in CVDs and provides guidance and reference for understanding the current research status and discovering new research directions.
Person Re-Identification Across Multiple Cameras: An Efficient Gated Channel-Spatial Attention Method
Authors: golizadeh mahdi
Published: April 2024

Person re-identification is a challenging task due to various factors such as body position variations, lighting changes, visual obstructions, and complex backgrounds. In this paper we introduce an attention module called efficient gated channel-spatial attention (EGCSA) to address these challenges. EGCSA consists of two submodules: efficient channel-wise attention (ECAt) and efficient spatial attention (ESAt). ECAt focuses on interactions at the channel level within feature maps by generating attention weights through convolutional layers. ESAt operates at the spatial level to capture relevant information across different spatial locations. These submodules produce attention weights. A multi-stage gate mechanism selects efficient features from the generated ones in previous step, enabling the network to learn robust and discriminative features. The proposed module is integrated into the backbone network after multiple layers. By leveraging EGCSA, our approach demonstrates improved performance in person re-identification tasks, showcasing the effectiveness of our attention mechanism in handling challenging re-identification scenarios. Experimental results on Market-1501, DukeMTMC-ReID, and MSMT17 datasets show that our method consistently outperforms existing state-of-the-art approaches. Code is available at https://github.com/Mahdi-Golizadeh/EGCSA-person-reid.git.
An Effective Strategy for Ransomware Mitigation on Android Devices via Android OS File System API
Authors: Ozturk Mehmet , Yilmaz Baran , Arslan Zeynep , Demirbas Aylin
Published: April 2024

The development and effectiveness of an API-based system for mitigating ransomware threats on Android devices was explored in this study. Leveraging the Android/Linux file system API, the proposed system enhances the detection and prevention of ransomware by monitoring suspicious file system activities. The methodology includes extensive testing across various Android models and versions, demonstrating a high detection rate with minimal false positives. Results indicate that integrating system-level APIs into security frameworks significantly improves response times and device integrity against ransomware attacks. This paper contributes to mobile cybersecurity by providing a scalable and effective strategy for ransomware mitigation, proposing future enhancements with advanced predictive algorithms and broader system integration.
Enhancement of Ca2+release from store-operated Ca2+ entry by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) spike (S) protein.
Authors: Kang Sang Sun , Kim Kiwol , Lee Eun Jeong
Published: April 2024

Functions and viral infection mechanisms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been recently investigated extensively, focusing on Spike (S) protein together with its receptor, ACE2. Although their relationships with COVID-19 are obvious, less attention has been paid to intracellular regulation of S protein-protein interaction.
Here, we identified STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1 precursor) as a novel binding protein of S protein for the first time. Their association was further characterized. We found that S [1259DD1260] acidic motif specifically interacted with STIM1 C-terminal basic motif [671RKKFPLKIFKKPLKK685]. Both motifs were demonstrated to be essential for STIM1 and S protein interaction using immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting and confocal co-localization. We also elucidated that the association between the acidic tail motif of S protein and the C-terminal basic motif of STIM1 promoted Ca2+cytoplasmic release from the store-operated Ca2+ ion entry (SOCE) by disrupting STIM1 function, suggesting that disrupting STIM1 function by S protein was one of its mode of actions for COVID-19 infection.
For the first time, we demonstrated that S protein played a role as a Ca2+ ion releasing enhancer for COVID-19 infection from SOCE through interrupting normal STIM1’s roles. Our findings may provide one of the new ways for curing or preventing COVID-19 pandemic recurrence.
The Determinants of Agriculture Total Factor Productivity Dynamics in Sub-Saharan Africa – Evidence From 44 Countries (1961-2019)
Authors: Baion Yagbasuah Maada , Jianmin Cao , Yunxia Wang
Published: April 2024

This work estimates agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) change in 44 countries in the Sub-Saharan African (SSA) region for a period of 59 years, (1961–2019). We measure TFP by calculating the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) which decomposes the changes into technological change (techch), efficiency change (effch), scale efficiency change (sech) and pure efficiency change (pech). The determinants of agricultural total productivity changes are identified and their effects on TFP measured. We discover average annual decline of 0.975 in agriculture TFP largely due to a 0.975 technological regression during the study period. Our analysis of the determinants of TFP changes establishes that factors like land policies, good governance, conflict/war and credit to agriculture, influence TFP changes.
CNT Aerogel film based Novel Approach for Development of Ultra-Sensitive electrochemical Sensor Platforms with glassy carbon, screen-printed, and interdigitated electrodes
Authors: Prakash Jyoti
Published: April 2024

In sensor applications, the introduction of CNTs onto sensing substrates currently entails intricate processes with concerns over stability. This study demonstrate the utilization of CNT aerogel electrode as an ultrasensitive platform. Further introducing a novel approach employing a cast and pull-back technique along with drop-casting for successful binder less deposition of CNTs onto sensing substrates, utilizing a CNT aerogel film to augment the sensitivity of conventional glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs), screen-printed electrodes (SPEs), and interdigitated electrodes (IDEs). Scanning electron microscopy validates the deposition of CNT forests on GCE, entangled CNT networks on SPE, and IDE. Comparative electrochemical analyses reveal superior performance of CNT-incorporated SPE and GCE sensors, with the CNT aerogel electrode standing out prominently. Notably, CNT-incorporated SPE and GCE sensors demonstrate a respective approximately 12- and 2-fold increase in electrochemical active surface area, whereas the CNT aerogel electrode displays remarkable ~ 40-fold enhancement. For IDE, a significant 1700-fold change in resistance of IDE-CNT in the presence of a redox solution surpasses the 200-fold change observed in bare IDE, underscoring a substantial sensitivity enhancement facilitated by CNT incorporation. The mechanical integrity of CNT aerogel electrode post-exposure to liquids and sonication attests to its robust nature. The preservation of the deposited CNT forest on the SPE and GCE sensor platforms after multiple measurements further underscores its stability. This study positions the CNT aerogel electrode as a resilient and highly sensitive platform, particularly well-suited for the transfer of CNT networks onto diverse sensing substrates, thereby showcasing its potential to advance biomedical sensor technology.
Numerical Estimation of the Weibull Distribution Parameters Using Adams’s Method
Authors: Maswadah M.
Published: April 2024

Recently, numerical analysis has been used effectively for estimating the lifetime distribution parameters in the literature. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to introduce a new numerical estimation technique, such as Adams’s method. This method has been used for estimating the Weibull model parameters and compare to the Bayesian estimations based on different priors via Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation results indicated that Adams’s method is more efficient than Bayes’ method. Finally, two real data sets have been analyzed for illustrations and to compare the proposed methods based on the generalized progressive hybrid censoring data.
Properties of spruce wood fibers affected by rot
Authors: Коптев С.В. , Васькин С.А. , Севастьянова Ю.В. , Поташев А.В. , Медведев В.В.
Published: April 2024

В условиях Архангельской области преобладают хвойные леса, в первую очередь насаждения ели европейской (Pícea ábies), которые подвергаются активному хозяйственному освоению. Одной из причин снижения товарности еловых древостоев является воздействие дереворазрушающих грибов. В еловых насаждениях района исследований наиболее распространены базидиальные грибы: корневая губка (Heterobasidion annosum (Fr) Bref), и еловая губка (Phellinus chrysoloma), вызывающие пеструю коррозионную ядровую комлевую и стволовую гнили. Болезнь приводит к потере части деловой древесины, вызывает образование бурелома и ветровала. В связи с этим представляет интерес изучение процесса гниения древесины и возможности использования поврежденной гнилью древесины в промышленных целях. В лабораторных условиях были выполнены варки образцов древесины ели, пораженной коррозионными гнилями различной степени развития. Установлено, что в производственных условиях возможно использование древесины ели, пораженной коррозионной гнилью не выше 1 стадии без значительного снижения показателей качества полуфабриката. Целлюлоза, полученная из древесины ели, поврежденной гнилью 2, 3 и 4 стадий, характеризуется более низким выходом целлюлозы по сравнению с образцом, полученным из здоровой древесины. Структурно-морфологические характеристики волокон целлюлозы из поврежденной древесины имеют специфические особенности. Многие вопросы в отношении патогенных грибов, вызывающих основные болезни хвойных пород, остаются недостаточно изученными.

In the conditions of the Arkhangelsk region, coniferous forests predominate, and first of all, stands of European spruce (Pícea ábies), which are undergoing active economic development. One of the main reasons for the decreasing of spruce stands merchantable structure is the impact of wood-destroying fungi. Basidial fungi are most common in the spruce stands of the research area: root rot (Heterobasidion annosum (Fr) Bref), and spruce rot (Phellinus chrysoloma), causing variegated corrosive root and stem rot. The disease leads to the loss of part of the commercial wood, causes the windbreak and a windblow formation. In this regard, it is of interest to study the process of rotting wood and the possibility of using rot-damaged wood. Coniferous wood was cooked under laboratory conditions. It is established that in production conditions it is possible to use spruce wood affected by corrosive rot no higher than stage 1 without a significant decrease in the quality of the semi-finished product. Cellulose obtained from spruce wood damaged by rot of stages 2, 3 and 4 is characterized by a lower yield of cellulose compared to a sample obtained from healthy wood. The structural and morphological characteristics of cellulose fibers from damaged wood have specific features. Many questions regarding pathogenic fungi that cause the main diseases of conifers remain insufficiently studied.
Higher categorical symmetries and gauging in two-dimensional spin systems
Authors: Delcamp Clement , Tiwari Apoorv
Published: April 2024

We present a framework to systematically investigate higher categorical symmetries in two-dimensional spin systems. Though exotic, such generalised symmetries have been shown to naturally arise as dual symmetries upon gauging invertible symmetries. Our framework relies on an approach to dualities whereby dual quantum lattice models only differ in a choice of module 2-category over some input fusion 2-category. Given an arbitrary two-dimensional spin system with an ordinary symmetry, we explain how to perform the (twisted) gauging of any of its sub-symmetries. We then demonstrate that the resulting model has a symmetry structure encoded into the Morita dual of the input fusion 2-category with respect to the corresponding module 2-category. We exemplify this approach by specialising to certain finite group generalisations of the transverse-field Ising model, for which we explicitly define lattice symmetry operators organised into fusion 2-categories of higher representations of higher groups.
Age-Related Features of Perceptions about Personal Security in Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Sidorova Galina A. , Ivanov Mikhail S.
Published: April 2024

The paper studies the way younger and older adolescents with intellectual disabilities perceive their personal security. The research data were collected by formalized interview, subjective scaling techniques, analysis of personal files, observation diaries, etc. The obtained information was processed using the methods of content and frequency analyses, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Spearman’s rank correlation, and the chi-square distribution. The perception of personal security included such concepts as threat, defense, security, and subjective personal security. The study revealed significant differences between younger and older adolescents in their perception of danger, threat, defense, security, and responsibility for personal security. Children with intellectual disabilities developed ideas about personal security in adolescence, their perception of threat and defense depended on life experience and socialization. Their categorical structure corresponded to the norm but was inferior in terms of generalization and cognitive complexity. They separated threat and defense from security, which they associated with safety rules. The results could be included in programs of corrective psychological and pedagogical support.
Lifestyle Model in Regions with Extreme Environmental and Climate Conditions
Authors: Kulik Anastasia A. , Mazurkevich Andrey V.
Published: April 2024

The article introduces an analysis of human psychology in extreme conditions. On the one hand, scientific interest to extremology, i.e., the effect of extreme factors on people, is growing. On the other side, this analysis revealed a lack of empirical data on cognitive dynamics before, during, and after an extreme situation, as well as after spending a long time in extreme environmental and climate conditions. The research objective was to study the lifestyle of people (n = 66) who live in regions with extreme environmental and climate conditions. The theoretical analysis and the empirical data made it possible to construct a lifestyle model. Its structure consisted of core, peripheral, and background semantic layers. The core structure included balanced temporal continuum, practical activity, personal activity, and basic lifestyle. The temporal locus became disrupted if the core lifestyle structures were out of balance. Fatalism and fixation on the past led to negative reassessment of one’s life, which could be compensated by activating one’s inner resources and endowing semantic layers with a positive context.
Value-Based Attitude Towards International Humanitarian Law as Part of Personality Development of Military Students
Authors: Naumov Petr Yu. , Kholikov Ivan V.
Published: April 2024

A value system is a complex of value orientations and meanings that have their roots in the outside world. For military students, international humanitarian law is an important part of personal value system. These norms shape the environment for quasi-professional and academic activities of future military lawyers and officers. International humanitarian legal norms regulate certain social relations, thus entering the sphere of subjective activity and acquiring positive significance. As a result, they become part of an officer’s personality. International legal acts are a quintessence of humanistic principles, goals, and ideas. In this respect, they are an objective source of universal human values and meanings. Hence, they characterize an officer as an intellectual. If introduced into military education curriculum, international humanitarian law could facilitate the development of personal values in future officers and military lawyers. To verify this hypothesis, the authors applied standard research methods to legal documents, as well as conducted a psychological and pedagogical experiment. They identified, systematized, and classified the values and meanings concentrated in the international legal acts of humanitarian law. The military students that studied the international humanitarian law respected traditions and valued security; they were more independent and achievement-oriented, as well as demonstrated a much higher level of communicative and organizational skills than the control group. Therefore, international humanitarian law proved to have a great potential for developing personality values in future officers as part of military education.
Factor Model of Life-Planning Competence in High School Students
Authors: Olkhova Yulia V. , Safonova Marina V.
Published: April 2024

Life-planning competence is an integral personality trait that characterizes one’s desire and ability to implement one’s potential, i.e., knowledge, skills, experience, character traits, etc., in order to achieve one’s life objectives. It consists of motivational, cognitive, emotional, volitional, axiological, semantic, operational, reflective, and proactive components. The present research featured the life-planning competence in high school students (n = 200; 2019–2022) of the city of Krasnoyarsk, Russia. The resulting strategies demonstrated a connection with the concept of being-inthe-world by M. Heidegger and L. Binswanger, as well as A. Längle’s concept of fundamental existential motivations. The statistical analysis involved the principal component method with Varimax rotation and Kaiser sampling. The factor analysis revealed eight factors: 1) purposefulness, meaningfulness, and readiness for life planning; 2) cooperation; 3) reflexive activity control; 4) correlation with the world; 5) control of oneself and the situation; 6) self-awareness; 7) dynamic balance; 8) self-development. These factors connected the process of life-planning with the four existential fundamental motivations identified by A. Längle and the forms of being-in-the-world described by M. Heidegger and L. Binswanger. The high school students demonstrated a motivation for physical survival and spiritual overcoming of existence, as well as a desire to enjoy life, experience values, find self-identity, and seek justice. As teenagers, they lacked the fourth existential motivation, i.e., motivation to obtain existential meaning.
Subjective Assessment of Father – Teenage Child Interaction
Authors: Skorova Larisa V. , Novgorodtseva Yana V.
Published: April 2024

The current dynamic socio-cultural processes lead to a qualitative revision of family roles, family relationships, and parenthood. The psychological interaction between parents has changed, as has the father’s status. This study featured the interaction between 40 fathers and their teenage children. The authors used the PARI method by E. S. Schaefer and R. K. Bell as adapted by T. V. Neshcheret, the Parent-Child Interaction method developed by I. M. Markovskaya, and J. Pleck’s Fatherhood and Masculinity Questionnaire. The consistency was determined by the Spearman’s correlation coefficient while the differences in the assessments provided by fathers and children were measured using the Mann – Whitney U test. For the teenagers, the main interaction indicator appeared to be the lack of strictness whereas their fathers stressed the emotional closeness. The comparative analysis revealed no significant differences between the assessments given by the fathers and the children: the father was described as not strict, accepting, cooperative, and consistent. Emotional closeness proved to be the most significant parameter in the father – teenage child interaction. Emotional closeness requires special attention from specialists that help parents and children overcome the adolescent crisis.
Domestic access to water in a decentralized truck-to-cistern system: a case study in the Northern Village of Kangiqsualujjuaq, Nunavik (Canada)
Authors: Cassivi Alexandra , Carabin Anne , Dorea Caetano , Rodriguez Manuel J. , Guilherme Stéphanie
Published: April 2024

Municipal water supply through truck-to-cistern systems is common in northern Canada. Household satisfaction and concerns about water services likely impact user preferences and practices. This case study explores household perspectives and challenges with regard to domestic access to water in a decentralized truck-to-cistern system. A case study was conducted in the Northern Village of Kangiqsualujjuaq, Nunavik (Quebec, Canada). A paper-based questionnaire was completed by 65 households (one quarter of the population). Many households (37%) reported not drinking tap water from the truck-to-cistern system. Chlorine taste was a frequently reported concern, with those households being significantly less likely to drink water directly from the tap (p = 0.002). Similarly, households that reported a water shortage in the previous week (i.e., no water from the tap at least once) (33%) were more likely to express dissatisfaction with delivered water quantity (rs = 0.395, p = 0.004). Interestingly, 77% of households preferred using alternative drinking water sources for drinking purposes, such as public tap at the water treatment plant, natural sources or bottled water. The study underscores the importance of considering household perspectives to mitigate the risks associated with service disruptions and the use of alternative sources for drinking purposes.
Prediction of In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the Intensive Care Unit: Machine Learning–Based Multimodal Approach
Authors: Lee Hsin-Ying , Kuo Po-Chih , Qian Frank , Li Chien-Hung , Hu Jiun-Ruey , Hsu Wan-Ting , Jhou Hong-Jie , Chen Po-Huang , Lee Cho-Hao , Su Chin-Hua , Liao Po-Chun , Wu I-Ju , Lee Chien-Chang
Published: April 2024

Background

Early identification of impending in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) improves clinical outcomes but remains elusive for practicing clinicians.

Objective

We aimed to develop a multimodal machine learning algorithm based on ensemble techniques to predict the occurrence of IHCA.

Methods

Our model was developed by the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring of Intensive Care (MIMIC)–IV database and validated in the Electronic Intensive Care Unit Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD). Baseline features consisting of patient demographics, presenting illness, and comorbidities were collected to train a random forest model. Next, vital signs were extracted to train a long short-term memory model. A support vector machine algorithm then stacked the results to form the final prediction model.

Results

Of 23,909 patients in the MIMIC-IV database and 10,049 patients in the eICU-CRD database, 452 and 85 patients, respectively, had IHCA. At 13 hours in advance of an IHCA event, our algorithm had already demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.85 (95% CI 0.815‐0.885) in the MIMIC-IV database. External validation with the eICU-CRD and National Taiwan University Hospital databases also presented satisfactory results, showing area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of 0.81 (95% CI 0.763-0.851) and 0.945 (95% CI 0.934-0.956), respectively.

Conclusions

Using only vital signs and information available in the electronic medical record, our model demonstrates it is possible to detect a trajectory of clinical deterioration up to 13 hours in advance. This predictive tool, which has undergone external validation, could forewarn and help clinicians identify patients in need of assessment to improve their overall prognosis.
Problems and Barriers Related to the Use of mHealth Apps From the Perspective of Patients: Focus Group and Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Giebel Godwin Denk , Abels Carina , Plescher Felix , Speckemeier Christian , Schrader Nils Frederik , Börchers Kirstin , Wasem Jürgen , Neusser Silke , Blase Nikola
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Since fall 2020, mobile health (mHealth) apps have become an integral part of the German health care system. The belief that mHealth apps have the potential to make the health care system more efficient, close gaps in care, and improve the economic outcomes related to health is unwavering and already partially confirmed. Nevertheless, problems and barriers in the context of mHealth apps usually remain unconsidered.

OBJECTIVE

The focus groups and interviews conducted in this study aim to shed light on problems and barriers in the context of mHealth apps from the perspective of patients.

METHODS

Guided focus groups and individual interviews were conducted with patients with a disease for which an approved mHealth app was available at the time of the interviews. Participants were recruited via self-help groups. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and subjected to a qualitative content analysis. The content analysis was based on 10 problem categories (“validity,” “usability,” “technology,” “use and adherence,” “data privacy and security,” “patient-physician relationship,” “knowledge and skills,” “individuality,” “implementation,” and “costs”) identified in a previously conducted scoping review. Participants were asked to fill out an additional questionnaire about their sociodemographic data and about their use of technology.

RESULTS

A total of 38 patients were interviewed in 5 focus groups (3 onsite and 2 web-based) and 5 individual web-based interviews. The additional questionnaire was completed by 32 of the participants. Patients presented with a variety of different diseases, such as arthrosis, tinnitus, depression, or lung cancer. Overall, 16% (5/32) of the participants had already been prescribed an app. During the interviews, all 10 problem categories were discussed and considered important by patients. A myriad of problem manifestations could be identified for each category. This study shows that there are relevant problems and barriers in the context of mHealth apps from the perspective of patients, which warrant further attention.

CONCLUSIONS

There are essentially 3 different areas of problems in the context of mHealth apps that could be addressed to improve care: quality of the respective mHealth app, its integration into health care, and the expandable digital literacy of patients.
Impact of Digital Interventions on the Treatment Burden of Patients With Chronic Conditions: Protocol for a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Polus Manria , Keikhosrokiani Pantea , Korhonen Olli , Behutiye Woubshet , Isomursu Minna
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

There is great potential for delivering cost-effective, quality health care for patients with chronic conditions through digital interventions. Managing chronic conditions often includes a substantial workload required for adhering to the treatment regimen and negative consequences on the patient’s function and well-being. This treatment burden affects adherence to treatment and disease outcomes. Digital interventions can potentially exacerbate the burden but also alleviate it.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this review is to identify, summarize, and synthesize the evidence of how digital interventions impact the treatment burden of people with chronic conditions.

METHODS

The search, selection, and data synthesis processes were designed according to the PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) 2015. A systematic search was conducted on October 16, 2023, from databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ACM, PubMed Central, and CINAHL.

RESULTS

Preliminary searches have been conducted, and screening has been started. The review is expected to be completed in October 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

As the number of patients with chronic conditions is increasing, it is essential to design new digital interventions for managing chronic conditions in a way that supports patients with their treatment burden. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed systematic review will be the first review that investigates the impact of digital interventions on the treatment burden of patients. The results of this review will contribute to the field of health informatics regarding knowledge of the treatment burden associated with digital interventions and practical implications for developing better digital health care for patients with chronic conditions.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42023477605; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=477605

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/54833
Addendum: Using #ActuallyAutistic on Twitter for Precision Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Machine Learning Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jaiswal Aditi , Shah Aekta , Harjadi Christopher , Windgassen Erik , Washington Peter
Published: April 2024

UNSTRUCTURED
Design of a Digital Educational Game for Self-management of Adolescents Living with HIV: Theory and Framework (Preprint)
Authors: Tian Min , Xie Longsheng , Wei Wei , Chen Yanhua , Tang Jian
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

The self-management of adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) plays a pivotal role in enhancing their health quality of life. However, the current self-management practices within this population are suboptimal. Therefore, it is imperative to reinforce HIV self-management education interventions. The advent of digital educational games presents an unparalleled opportunity for innovative educational methods.

OBJECTIVE

This study designed a digital educational game for self-management of ALHIV, offering an effective educational approach to enhance their self-management skills and facilitate comprehension of HIV self-management practices.

METHODS

The integrative framework for HIV self-management, empowerment theories, and the learning-game mechanics (LM-GM) model were used as theoretical framework to guide the design of the game system. Experts in diverse fields such as medicine, nursing, psychology, software engineering were consulted for guidance and comments to improve the design of the game.

RESULTS

The digital educational game was named Cute Pet Butler. The framework of game system consists of five modules, including home page, shop and backpack, story, database, and background management modules. The core module is the story module where players are given tasks to help their pet to solve various HIV self-management problems.

CONCLUSIONS

The development and sharing of the multidisciplinary theoretical framework adopted by Cute Pet Butler can help us clarify the design ideas and assumptions of digital educational games, understand the ability of educational games to change HIV self-management knowledge, emotion and behaviors, and promote the development of effective educational tools of digital games.
Interventions to digital addiction: An umbrella review of meta-analyses (Preprint)
Authors: Lu Peng , Qiu Jiamin , Huang Shiqi , Wang Xinman , Zhu Sui , Zeng Fangfang , Yuan Yuan
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Numerous studies have explored interventions to reduce digital addiction outcomes, but inconclusive evidence makes it difficult for decision-makers, managers, and clinicians to get familiar with all available literature and find appropriate interventions.

OBJECTIVE

o summarize and assess the certainty of evidence of interventions proposed to decrease the digital addiction from published systematic reviews.

METHODS

An umbrella review of published systematic reviews was undertaken. Included studies were systematic reviews and meta-analyses of quantitative primary studies assessing an intervention that aimed to reduce digital addiction.

RESULTS

5 studies assessing 21 associations were included in the umbrella review, of which 4 (80%) were high-quality systematic reviews. Weak evidence was observed in 19 associations, whereas null associations appeared in the rest 2 associations. These associations pertained to nine interventions (group counseling, intergrated internet addiction prevention program, psychosocial intervention, reality therapy, self-control training program, cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), interventions to reduce screen time in child and exercise) and ten outcomes (self-control, self-esteem, IGD symptoms, time spent gaming, IA scores, screen use time, interpersonal sensitivity longlines, anxiety and depression). CBT could reduce anxiety (0.939, 95% CI, 0.311 to 1.586), IGD symptoms (1.394, 95% CI, 0.664 to 2.214) and time spent gaming 1.259, 95% CI, 0.311 to 2.206) and IA scores (-2.097, 95% CI, -2.814 to -1.381). Group counseling had a large effect size on improving self-control (1.296, 95% CI, 0.269 to 2.322) and reduced internet addiction levels (-1.147, 95% CI, -1.836 to -0.997). Exercise intervention reduced IA scores (-2.322, 95% CI, -3.212 to -1.431) and depression (-1.421, 95% CI, -2.046 to -797) and interpersonal sensitivity (-1.433, 95% CI, -2.239 to -0.627).

CONCLUSIONS

The evidence indicates that current interventions to reduce digital addiction are weak. Data from more and better-designed studies with larger sample sizes are needed to establish robust evidence.

CLINICALTRIAL

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement [14]. Our study protocol has been registered with PROSPERO.
Kidney Transplantaion
Authors: Purwoko Purwoko , Saputra Wahyu Yas
Published: April 2024

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global public health problem where there is a decrease in kidney function which is marked by a decrease Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) slowly over a period of time. The incidence of CKD is increasing rapidly and is expected to become the 5th most common cause of death worldwide by 2040. Kidney transplantation from a living donor is the treatment of choice for most patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). However, the absence of specific regulations related to kidney transplantation and guidelines for implementing regulations has become one of the obstacles in the development of kidney transplantation in Indonesia. In addition, a thorough evaluation of potential living donors requires a lot of resources. Early triage of an unsuitable donor will help maximize benefits, minimize risks, and manage expectations for both donors and recipients, and their families. Past and current medical history, family history, and general medical assessment are important to explore the possibility of previously undiagnosed diseases in potential donors. Pre-operative care and preparation as well as types of surgery and anesthesia should also be carried out by a team with adequate expertise, and in an environment where the donor is cared for on a regular basis.
PENGARUH TEKNIK ANESTESI KOMBINASI BLOK SKALP DENGAN LEVOBUPIVACAINE 0,5% TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN FENTANYL INTRAVENA UNTUK MENGATASI NYERI PASKA OPERASI KRANIOTOMI PENGANGKATAN TUMOR DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO
Authors: Akbar Shonnif , Sudadi  , Widodo Untung , Widodo Untung
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang.  Pengunaan opioid dosis besar terbukti efektif untuk memblokade stimulasi pada insisi kepala namun memiliki efek yang tidak diinginkan. Blok skalp adalah salah satu pilihan alternatif yang dapat dikombinasikan dengan pembiusan umum. Blok skalp sendiri dapat menumpulkan respon stres pada kraniotomi dan dapat menjaga gejolak hemodinamik yang tidak diinginkan. Blok skalp menurunkan insiden dan skala nyeri paska operasi kraniotomi pengangkatan tumor.
Tujuan. Membandingkan jumlah konsumsi fentanyl paska operasi pada pasien yang menjalani operasi kraniotomi pengangkatan tumor dengan teknik pembiusan umum dan teknik pembiusan umum dengan kombinasi blok skalp menggunakan levobupivacaine 0,5%.
Metode. Dua puluh orang pasien dengan rentang usia 18-65 tahun dengan tumor intrakranial yang menjalani tindakan operasi kraniotomi pengangkatan tumor di RSUP Dr. Sardjito dikelompokkan menjadi 2 kelompok perlakuan dengan teknik pembiusan umum dengan kombinasi blok skalp menggunakan levobupivacaine 0,5% dan pembiusan umum dengan kombinasi blok skalp menggunakan normal saline. Pasien dievaluasi kebutuhan fentanyl dan skala nyeri 12 jam paska operasi di ICU. Pasien dengan riwayat alergi anestesi lokal, riwayat alergi fentanyl, BMI <18 kg/m2 dan BMI >35 kg/m2 dan durasi operasi >6 jam akan dieksklusi dari pengambilan data. 
Hasil. Rerata penggunaan fentanyl 12 jam paska operasi pada pasien yang menjalani operasi kraniotomi pengangkatan tumor dengan teknik pembiusan umum dengan kombinasi blok skalp menggunakan levobupivacaine 0,5% sebesar 300,50 mcg dengan standar deviasi 68,65 mcg. Sedangkan pada pasien dengan teknik pembiusan umum dengan kombinasi blok skalp menggunakan normal salin sebesar 408,75 mcg dengan standar deviasi 84,02 mcg. Selisih rerata penggunaan fentanyl paska operasi pengangkatan tumor antara kedua kelompok sebesar 108,25 mcg menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna p=0,006 (p<0,05).
Kesimpulan. Pembiusan umum dengan kombinasi blok skalp menggunakan levobupivacaine 0,5%  terbukti mengurangi kebutuhan fentanyl 12 jam paska operasi kraniotomi pengangkatan tumor dibandingkan pembiusan umum dengan kombinasi blok skalp menggunakan normal salin.
A Case report Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Adhinugroho Sudjati
Published: April 2024

Krisis miastenia, didefinisikan sebagai kegagalan pernafasan yang membutuhkan ventilasi mekanik, terjadi pada 15 hingga 20% pasien dengan miastenia gravis (MG). Infeksi (biasanya pneumonia atau infeksi virus pernapasan atas adalah pencetus yang paling umum (40%), diikuti oleh tidak ada penyebab yang jelas (30%) dan aspirasi (10%). Pada umumnya, 25% pasien berhasil diekstubasi setelah 1 minggu, 50% setelah 2 minggu, dan 75% setelah 1 bulan. Trakeostomi dilakukan setelah intubasi lebih dari 2 minggu, usia lebih dari 50 tahun, Penggunaan serum bikarbonat 30 mg / dL atau lebih besar, dan kapasitas vital dalam 6 hari intubasi kurang dari 25 mL / kg.

Manajemen perawatan intensif pasien miastenia harus fokus pada intubasi tepat waktu, pencegahan aspirasi dengan pemberian makan tabung, dan menghindari komplikasi, seperti atelektasis, yang dapat memperpanjang durasi krisis. Plasmaferesis mengarah ke perbaikan jangka pendek kelemahan pada 75% pasien, dan harus dilakukan pada semua pasien kecuali sebaliknya kontraindikasi. Kelemahan sisa menyebabkan ketergantungan fungsional pada 50% pasien pada saat keluar, dan sepertiga akan mengalami dua atau lebih episode krisis.
GATED COMMUNITIES AS A SYMBOL OF INEQUALITY
Authors: Đorđević Snežana
Published: April 2024

This article takes the concept of gated communities to represent a special form of securitised housing, developed in the United States in the 20th century and popularised around the world in later years, and examines it as such. The neo-liberal society is an especially fertile ground for the development of this concept due to the unequal distribution of wealth, growing social stratification, poverty and segregation. Often, the surrounding roads are privatised and access to public areas is restricted for the purposes of these settlements, which leaves entire complexes within cities inaccessible to the majority of citizens. All these processes are in conflict with the democratic concept of the open city and the model of mixed housing, nurtured in the welfare state. The segregation of citizens, and their marginalisation and displacement (gentrification), along with the endangerment and privatisation of public spaces significantly reduce the democratic capacity of urban communities. The main concern of this research is the examination of the reasons which contribute to the expansion of gated communities, and the effects they have on the spirit of the urban community (alienation) and the democratic capacities of cities. The aim of the paper is to examine the notion of gated communities on a sample of cities in the Anglosphere (USA, Canada, New Zealand), and to analyse their specific effects. The analysis of the existing research and case studies concerning gated communities in the world often consists of the use of statistical methods, regulatory change analyses, and the interviews and surveys of tenants, managers, politicians and officials. The comparative method, used in this paper, focuses on the similarities and differences of gated communities in different countries, which enabled us to draw conclusions on better housing and urban development policies (synthesis).
FACTORS OF A SENSE OF SCHOOL BELONGING: BRONFENBRENNER’S THEORETICAL MODEL AS A STARTING FRAMEWORK FOR INTERPRETATION
Authors: Trajković Marija , Popović-Ćitić Branislava , Mijatović Luka
Published: April 2024

A sense of school belonging is considered a protective and promotive factor for a wide range of academic and developmental outcomes of students. However, previous research efforts were overly focused on examining the factors and processes that underlie it, and the available literature identifies a lack of a clear model of action that school actors should apply in order to improve it and, consequently, enjoy its benefits. The main goal of this paper is the analysis of relevant literature, with the aim of identifying the factors that contribute to the development of a sense of school belonging among students. In accordance with the basic principles of the adapted Bronfenbrenner’s bio-psycho-socio-ecological model of school belonging, the findings of the conducted review indicate that the sense of school belonging is of a systemic nature, and that its development and intensity are determined by multiple experiences, interactions and factors that usually exist on the individual, school-relational and contextual level. Although the paper provides preliminary insights into the factors that contribute to the development of a sense of school belonging, further research into these factors, which will examine their predictive effect, provide the possibility of defining a clear model of action, and represent a starting point for designing adequate interventions, is necessary.
THE BARRIERS TO ADOLESCENTS’ PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Ђошић Анђела , Живковић Данијела , Живковић Младен , Ранђеловић Небојша , Пантелић Саша
Published: April 2024

The habit of engaging in physical activity is one of the many life habits that are developed during adolescence. Due to a variety of barriers, many adolescents do not meet the daily physical activity recommendations. This study aimed to determine the barriers to engaging in physical activity among adolescents, i.e. whether there are differences in the barriers to physical activity between male and female adolescents, and whether these barriers differ depending on age. The sample of subjects included 1350 adolescents between the ages of 15 and 18 (672 boys, and 678 girls). The research utilised a customised questionnaire that was adapted from similar pre-existing questionnaires, and it contained a total of nine questions. All questions were of the close-ended type, and each question was rated on a four-point Likert scale. The Chi-square test was used to determine the differences according to gender and age. Based on the obtained results, it was determined that girls reported a higher number of barriers in comparison to boys, although there is no statistically significant difference, and that the highest number of barriers was reported at the age of 15 (p< .05).
Genome-wide identification and characterization of the plant defensins (Pdfs) gene family in selected Leguminous crops and their expression profiles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses
Authors: Hassan Zarqa , Abbas Amjad , Shafique Ikhlas
Published: April 2024

Plant defensins (Pdfs) represent a subset of cationic antimicrobial peptides characterized by a distinct tertiary structure. Similar to their counterparts in insects and mammals, they play a pivotal role in the innate immunity of plants, exhibiting broad-spectrum antifungal activity. This study focused on a comprehensive genome-wide survey to identify Pdfs genes within eight distinct legume crops. This study revealed the presence of Pdfs genes in eight leguminous plants such as 13 in P. sativum, 6 in P. vulgaris, 16 in M. trunculata and 4 in C. cajon, 6 in G. max, 5 in A. hypogea, 5 in C. arietinum, and 4 in V. angularis. Utilizing various bioinformatic analyses including phylogeny, motif, and gene structure analysis, identified Pdfs genes were categorized into two distinct groups i.e., group A (comprising subgroups A1, A2, A3, A4, A5) and group B 2 (B1 and B2). This clustering was based on protein sequences, where the presence of a proline-rich domain at the N-terminal and a linker DNA domain at the C-terminal facilitated differentiation. Gene structural analysis uncovered a variable range of 1 to 3 introns within Pdfs genes. Moreover, promoter analysis highlighted the abundance of cis-regulatory elements upstream of Pdfs genes, responsive to a diverse spectrum of biotic and abiotic stress stimuli. Expression analysis underlined the crucial role of Pdfs protein in defense responses in leguminous plants against both pathogenic and environmental stressors. These findings underscore the involvement of Pdfs in strengthening the defense mechanisms of legumes and provide fundamental insights essential for prospective investigations into Pdfs.
Terrorist Activities Detection via Social Media Using Machine Learning
Authors: S. B. Prof. Hiranwale
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Perhaps the richest source of human generated text input is social media. Internet users' opinions, feedback, and criticisms represent their attitudes and feelings towards specific topics and concerns. The sheer volume of such information makes reading it difficult for any group of people. As a result, social media has become a major instrument for propagating their views and influencing or enticing people to join their terrorist actions in general. Social media is the most frequent and straightforward approach to contact a large number of individuals in a short period of time. This research focuses on the construction of a system that can detect terrorism-supporting tweets automatically through real-time analytics using the Apache Spark machine learning framework. The proposed approach is completely reliant on training data and attempts to enhance accuracy