bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic Literature Review: Motorcycle Simulators
Authors: Wildner Dorothea , Diermeyer Frank
Published: September 2024

An increasing number of researchers have started to focus on motorcyclists due to their increased risk of accidents, their vulnerability, and the limited possibilities to enhance their passive safety. An important tool hereby is the use of motorcycle simulators. They can be used to evaluate human-machine interfaces, design future advanced rider assistance systems like forward collision warnings, or determine an optimal ergonomic position to reduce mental loads and stress. However, compared to the automotive sector, only a few simulators exist, but they differ greatly. To the author's knowledge, no recent systematic overview of the existing motorcycle simulators exists. Therefore, this literature review provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art powered two-wheeler simulators based on 151 publications. The review describes 13 simulators in detail, including their prioritized research areas, conducted studies, strengths and limitations, development over the years, and validation.
A tabular overview of the simulators can be found in the supplementary materials or requested.
A magyar jogbölcseleti tradíció szerepe a jogi gondolkodás megújításában
Authors: Szabadfalvi József
Published: September 2024

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Max Weber jogfejlődési magyarázata: a jog varázslat alóli felszabadulása
Authors: Szigeti Péter
Published: September 2024

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Bevezető megfontolások a jogforrások jogelméleti elemzéséhez
Authors: Pokol Béla
Published: September 2024

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Hegel etikai gondolkodása (Allen W. Wood: "Hegel's Ethical Thought")
Authors: Márton Miklós
Published: September 2024

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Internationale Ansätze zur Bekämpfung der organisierten Kriminalität
Authors: Mogilka Raphaela
Published: September 2024

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Vázlat az amerikai jogelméleti irányzatok elemzéséhez
Authors: Pokol Béla
Published: September 2024

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Towards Rational Legislation
Authors: Tamás András
Published: September 2024

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Die Abschaffung der echten Schwurgerichte in der Weimarer Republik
Authors: Klaere Helmut
Published: September 2024

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Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards toxoplasmosis among pregnant women receiving antenatal care in Sana'a city, Yemen
Authors: Abdul-Ghani Rashad , Al-Awadi Asma’a , Oqbah Abeer S. , Hujaira Fowziea A. , Alkokbany Manal A. , Gaber Moniba E. , Al-Mansouri Taghreed M. , Al-Dubai Taif A. , Al-Dhubhani Tayba G.
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:  There is a lack of studies on pregnant women’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) towards toxoplasmosis in Yemen. Therefore, this study assessed these KAPs among pregnant women receiving antenatal care in Sana’a city, Yemen.
Subjects and Methods: A KAP survey was conducted among 410 pregnant women in Sana’a using a structured questionnaire. The association between women’s characteristics and their KAPs was then studied.
Results: Of 410 women, 58.5% had heard of toxoplasmosis. Of these, 53.3% had good knowledge and 73.3% had positive attitudes towards it. Women with no previous miscarriage or premature birth had significantly higher levels of poor knowledge (OR = 4.1, 95% CI: 2.39–7.10; p <0.001 and OR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.61–5.05; p <0.001, respectively) and negative attitudes (OR = 5.6, 95% CI: 23.00–10.57; p <0.001 and OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.36–5.48; p = 0.004, respectively) than their counterparts. Negative attitudes were significantly higher in primigravida than multigravida women (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.17–3.79; p = 0.012), but significantly lower among women in the first (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.20–0.56; p <0.001) or second trimester (OR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.10–0.48; p <0.001) than their counterparts. Acceptable practices were reported by 95.4% of women, with no association with demographic or obstetric characteristics.
Conclusion: There is a need for educational interventions for pregnant women in Sana’a about toxoplasmosis to prevent its potential adverse events in their fetuses.
Association between khat chewing and high viral load in chronic hepatitis B infection
Authors: AlShoba Khalid , Bahaj Saleh S , Hanash Samira H , Al-Haydari Basel , Al-Madhaji Anwar G , AlAfif Aref
Published: September 2024

Background and aims: chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) is a worldwide health threat that has moderate to high prevalence in Yemen. There is accumulating evidence of the hepatotoxicity of khat, which is commonly and habitually chewed in Yemen and elsewhere, but little is known in CHB. This study aimed to examine the association between khat chewing and hepatitis B virus (HBV) serum DNA level (viral load) in such cases. Methods: Between January and December 2016, a cross-sectional study was carried out on consecutively consenting 210 CHB participants (khat chewers and non-cutters) attending the hepatology clinics of two major hospitals in Sana’a city. After a structured interview, blood samples were collected for the determination of HBV markers and HBV load. Results: the study population, residing different cities in Yemen, had a median age of 36y (range = 20-72) with a 2.9:1 male to female ratio. Viral load was significantly (P<0.001) higher among khat chewers than non chewers: median (Interquartile range) = 1308 (531.5-5916.5) vs 177 (60-627) IU/ml. Khat chewing was observed, via multivariate logistic regression analysis, to be significantly (pThe0.001) and independently associated with a clinically significant high HBV load (>2000 IU/ml) even after adjustment for the studied socio-demographic and laboratory factors. Conclusion: This study suggests khat chewing, especially on a daily basis, as a potential risk factor for high viremia and, therefore, be prudently discouraged in CHB.
Personal and environmental risk factors for chikungunya virus infection: cross-sectional hospital-based study among febrile patients receiving treatment in AI-Hodayda city hospitals, Yemen
Authors: Mohammed Nagwa Abdo Ali , Almutahar Abdulwahab Mohammed , Al-Shamahy Hassan Abdulwahab , Al-Jaufy Ahmed Y , Al-Madhagi Anwar K. , Al-Dosary Omar Ismail
Published: September 2024

Background: Mosquitoes carry the illness known as chikungunya, which is becoming more common throughout Yemen. It is a serious matter concerning public health. In the hospitals located in AI-Thawrah, AI-Amal, and AI-Aqsa in AI-Hodayda city, Yemen, feverish patients seeking treatment were the subjects of this study, which aimed to investigate host and environmental risk factors.
Methods: Patients with fever were enrolled in the trial at the authorized hospitals in AI-Hodayda city between June and June 2023. For febrile patients, a set of questionnaires was employed to collect clinical, sociodemographic, and related risk factors. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, patients were tested for chikungunya antibodies as well as immunoglobulin M (IgM) and G (IgG). Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which searches for CHIK viral RNA, was used to confirm the findings.
Results: In all, 120 patients with fever were included in the research. According to RT-PCR, ELISA, and/or RDTs, the total prevalence of chikungunya infection was 14 (11.7%). The study found a correlation between gender and chikungunya infection, with males having a slightly higher rate (12.2%) compared to females (10.9%). The age group of 22-31 years had a higher rate (15.4%) than the ≤21 (7.3%) and a slightly higher (12.5%) group of ≥32 years. The study also identified risk factors associated with chikungunya infections in individuals experiencing fever in Hodiedah city. These included living in a rural area, living in a bog, lacking sewage in homes, failing to use a bed net, having an exposed water tank, not having a window screen, not wearing full body cloths, having trash around or near the patients' houses, and having another ill person with a fever of unknown origin in the patients' houses.
Conclusions: The research involved 120 patients with fever, revealing a 11.7% prevalence of chikungunya infection. Gender was found to be a significant factor, with males having a slightly higher rate. Age groups 22-31 had a higher rate than other age groups. Risk factors associated with chikungunya infections included rural living, bog living, lack of sewage, bed net use, exposed water tanks, and trash.
Systemic lupus erythematosus: an unusual presentation of stroke - a case report from Azal hospital, Sana'a, Yemen
Authors: Al-Adhal Adnan , El-Izzi Yahya , Qayed Ahmed , Al-Adhal Abdullah
Published: September 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by various clinical manifestations and potential multi-organ involvement. It predominantly affects women, with peak incidence during middle age. Case report: This case report describes a 36-year-old female patient who presented with right-sided body weakness, fever, and headache but maintained normal speech. The patient, with a known history of SLE, was diagnosed with an ischemic stroke. Following appropriate fluid resuscitation and medical management, the patient improved. Notably, the patient had a previous ischemic stroke four years ago while on warfarin but without antiplatelet therapy. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that stroke may be an initial presentation of SLE and that warfarin alone may not adequately protect against stroke in this patient population.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia among Patients attending Sana’a Hospitals, Yemen: Prevalence, Subtypes and Hematological Patterns
Authors: Al-Nuzaili Mohammed Abdulkader , Al-Moyed Khaled Abdulkarem , Al-Shami Yehia Hamoud , Al-Khamesy Khaled Saad , Al-Mutahar Abdulwahab Mohammed , Abu Huroob Sumiah Hamoud
Published: September 2024

Objectives: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is malignant disorder of cells of myeloid lineage in the bone marrow due to chromosomal abnormalities, leading to accumulation of myeloblasts in the bone marrow and infiltration to peripheral tissues. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, subtypes and hematological patterns of AML among patients attending Sana’a hospitals, Yemen. 
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on total 257 patients with hematological malignancies (HMs) during the period from November 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024. Among HMs, there were 79 patients diagnosed with AML by complete blood count (CBC), by Giemsa stained blood/BM films, and by immunophenotyping using flow cytometry. Data was analyzed using SPSS-26.
Results: Among 257 patients with HMs, AML was found in 79 patients with prevalence of 30.7%. AML patients included 53 (67.1%) males and 26 (32.9%) females., with M:F ratio of 2:1 and aged between 4 and 80 years,  FAB-M2 was the most common subtype of AML in 30 (37.97%) of patients; among them, there were 19 (24.05%) males and 11 (13.92%) females, the M:F ratio is 1.7:1. FAB-M2 was followed by M1 (26.58), M5 (17.2), M3 (7.59), M4 (5.06), M0 (3.8) and M7 (1.26). The hematological patterns included decreased Hb, increased WBC and decreased platelets in 97.5%, 82.3% and 96.2% of patients, respectively.
Conclusion: Leukemia was the most prevalent type among hematological malignancies. The prevalence of AML was high and represent the second leukemia type. AML-M2 was the common subtype of AML.
Tracing HIV Infection among high-risk Tuberculosis Patients in Hodiedah Referral Center, Yemen
Authors: Alselwi Khaled , Suhail Mohamed.A
Published: September 2024

Background: HIV and tuberculosis [TB] are major public health concerns in Yemen. However, in this population, there is limited information on the prevalence of HIV infection among TB patients. This study aims to trace and describe cases of HIV infection among high-risk tuberculosis patients attending the Hodiedah referral center in Yemen.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, and a convenience sampling method was used to select 40 high-risk tuberculosis patients out of 164 confirmed cases. Data was collected through a questionnaire regarding sociodemographic features and clinical signs.
Results: Of 40 high-risk TB patients, only 4 tested positive for HIV, indicating a 10% prevalence. More than half [55.0%] were aged between 18 and 40 years, with the majority [57.5%] being male. Over half [57.5%] resided in urban areas, and approximately two-thirds [62.5%] had no formal education. Most participants [87.5%] belonged to a low socioeconomic status, with a monthly income of less than 50,000 Yemeni Riyals. The age group of 18–40 years had the highest frequency of HIV-positive cases [50.0%]. All HIV-positive cases occurred in males. Younger age and travel history showed higher odds of HIV positivity. Diarrhea, bone pain, and abdominal pain were associated with HIV-TB co-infection.
Conclusion: A relatively high HIV prevalence points to an urgent need to scale up integrated screening, testing, and treatment programs within existing TB clinics to address this unmet HIV/TB burden. Males, younger ages, and travel outside the country emerged as potential high-risk groups that could be prioritized for screening; incorporating symptom-based algorithms into clinical protocols may help front-line workers recognize and refer to suspected co-infection cases for testing. Larger studies are warranted to validate the findings and better inform control programs.
Policy Brief: A Practical Look at School Leadership
Authors: Portin Bradley , Schneider Paul , DeArmond Michael , Gundlach Lauren
Published: September 2024

This brief highlights implications for policymakers and schools of education.
Study about environmental naturally fungi infection in pet animals with experimental study
Authors: Salman Buraq shakir , S Hashim M. , Jameel Fadwa abdulrazaq , Yousif Eman Hashim , Alrammah Hanaa Salih Abd Ali , Aziz Shahad Ehsaan , Ali Musab Imad , Muhsin Mueamar Natiq , Mahdi Zahraa S. , Khan Sikandar , Affiliation Abdolmajid Ghasemian
Published: September 2024

The current study was designed to investigate Environmental and natural fungi infection in pet animals and then experimentally to study fungi effects on tissues. Naturally infectious samples were fifty swabs in different pet animals (dogs, cats, rats, pigeons, and chickens) from the veterinary hospital of  Eden Square in January 202. The findings were Cladosporum spp at (16%) ; Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger at (14%); Rhizopus spp at (8%); Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus terreus, and Penicillium chrysogenum at (6%); Chrysosporium spp, and Cryptococcus neoformans at (4%); Aspergillus  fumigatus , Aspergillus ustus and Fusarium spp at (2%)  in percentage with other unknown fungi. In doge, only 9 (9/50) samples of fungi, mainly Aspergillus flavus at (33.3%) with cladogram spp.at (22.3%). In cats, also 9 (9/50), mainly Penicillium spp at (22.25 %). In wild rats, fifty cotton swabs showed 12 (12/50) mainly Aspergillus niger, besides Rhizopus spp. At (25%). While in pigeons, only 10 (10/50), mainly Aspergillus niger, Cladosporum spp., and Cryptococcus neoformans at (20%). In chicken, only 5 (5/50), mainly Aspergillus ochraceus at (40%). Fifty albino mice aged 6-8 weeks and   25± 3gm body weight. They were separated in plastic cages and kept for adaptation at 2-3 weeks in the Animal House of the College of Veterinary Medicine, and they were fed standard pellets and water. These animals were divided into 5 groups containing 10 mice each: 1st one: control group treated with normal saline; 2nd Group infected with 0.1ml of Aspergillus flatus intraperitoneally; 3rd  group infected with Aspergillus ochraceus 0.1ml intraperitoneally (IP); 4th group infected with 0.1ml Aspergillu niger  IP; 5th group mice infected with Cryptococcus neoformans 0.1ml IP at single dose. After 3 weeks animals were scarified. Histopathological examination, in general, reports high incidences of necrotic lesions with granuloma and severe destructive changes, mainly in areas containing fungi hyphae that appear very clearly enclosed to necrotic and inflammatory foci, lung tissues suffering from prominent interstitial pneumonia with thick exudation, mainly fibrinous type. Liver tissues show massive necrosis with Kupfer cells and other inflammatory cell proliferation and evidence of apoptosis. Kidney samples appear with heavy degenerative changes ranging from swelling tubules to necrosis associated with severe inflammation caused by pyelonephritis and phlebitis. also, we saw fungi in the affected area. Spleen shows severe depletion and megakaryocyte proliferation and necrotic lesion. Fungi naturally infects occurs in pet animals and can transmitted to other animals in different environmental; area and can causes severe pathological lesions.
Effect of adding some macro- and microelements and spraying with the growth regulator Brassinolide on the chemical content of date palm leaves, Barhi Cultivar
Authors: Abdelmawla Qahtan Muhammad , Al-Tamimi Harith Mahmoud Aziz
Published: September 2024

A field experiment was carried out on February15, 2023 in the Orchard Development Project / Kerbala Agriculture Directorate, located in the Um Gharagher area / Al-Husseiniyah district / Kerbala governorate during the 2023 growing season, with the aim of studying the effect of some micronutrients and spraying with the growth regulator Brassinolide on the chemical content of the Barhi date palm, at the age of 16 years, the experiment was implemented according to a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) in the order of factorial experiments and with three replications. The study included two factors, the first factor was adding some macro- and micro-nutrients at three levels (0, 1000, and 1500 g palm-1), while the second factor included four concentrations of spraying with a regulator. Growth Brassinolide (0.0, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.8 mg L-1). The results showed that treatment with chemical compound fertilizer at the level of 1500 g palm-1, significantly affected the chemical content of  the leaves by giving them the highest average content of chlorophyll, carbohydrates, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and iron (0.893 mg g-1, 12.129%, 1.001%, 0.464%, 1.303% and 168.720 mg kg-1 respectively), while the spraying treatment with brassinolide at a concentration of 0.8 mg L-1 recorded the highest average leaf content of chlorophyll, carbohydrates, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and iron (0.943 mg L-1, 12.420%, 1.066%, 0.497%, 1.366% and 171.880 mg kg-1, respectively). As for the interaction between the two factors, it was noted that the treatment (1500 g palm-1 + 0.8 mg L-1) was superior by giving it the highest average for all the traits under study.
The effect of organic and mineral fertilizers on the fruit yield Cucurbita pepo L.
Authors: Almudhafar Inaam M. , Obaid Mohammed H.
Published: September 2024

The experiment was carried out in the vegetable field of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Karbala - Al-Husseiniyah District during the fall semester 2023-2024 in sandy soil according to a randomized completely block design (RCBD). The experiment included 19 treatments and three repetitions. Vermicompost tea was added to the soil at three levels (4, 8 and 12) liter ha-1, and humic extract was added at three levels as well (6, 12 and 18) liter ha-1.  It was added to the soil in three batches, and three levels of NPK mineral fertilizer (25%, 50%, and75%) of the fertilizer recommendation with compared to a treatment to which the full fertilizer recommendation(100%) NPK)Comparison (,was applied in three stages to investigate the impact of vermicompost tea humic acid and mineral fertilizer (NPK) on the quality of zucchini squash  The results showed a significant effect of the highest concentration of vermicompost tea and mineral fertilizer 75% on the characteristics of fruit length and fruit weight, as treatment F12 excelled by giving it the highest rate of the mentioned characteristics, amounting to 18.90 cm and 210.90 g fruit -1, and treatment F10 recorded the highest rate of fruit number characteristic of 5.63 fruit-1. The results also showed that the F3 treatment was superior in terms of fruit diameter, reaching 4.132 cm. We conclude from this that it is preferable to divide the organic and mineral fertilizers into batches, and it is possible to use quality organic fertilizer with a third of the amount of mineral fertilizer, that is, reducing mineral fertilizers and replacing them with organic fertilizers.
Assessment of eruca sativa leaves extract ZnO NPs effect on the adverse effects of creatine - induced testes injury
Authors: Abdulshahed Rawaa Hamid , Obeid Ashwaq Kadhem
Published: September 2024

This study was conducted to evaluate the protective role of Eruca sativa NPs on the harmful effects of creatine on the testes in male rats. This study used 48 male rats, in two experiments. The first experiment included determining the most effective nano-concentration of watercress extract, while the second experiment included evaluating the role of the nano-extract at the concentration that was chosen based on the results of the first experiment (60 mg/kg) against toxicity resulting from doses of creatine (4 g/kg) for 60 days. This study used 24 adult male  rats were randomly assigned to four groups, with six animals per group, and were treated as follows:(G1) 1 ml of 0.09% physiological solution , (G2) dosed (single dose/day) with nano-extract of Eruca sativa at a concentration of (60 mg/kg) , (G3) The animals were dosed (single dose/day) with creatine monohydrate (4 g/kg), (G4 prevention group) dosed with nano-extract of Eruca sativa (60 mg/kg) followed one hour later by a dose of creatine (4 g/kg) . The results of the study indicated a non significant in Concentration of sperm in the epididymis, Percentage of live sperm ,Percentage of motile sperm , Percentage of normal sperm, LH , FSH and Testosterone in G2 and G4 compared to G1. As for the preventive group G4, it recorded a normal results near from control group. it recorded a significant decrease (P<0.05) in Concentration of sperm in the epididymis, Percentage of live sperm ,Percentage of motile sperm , Percentage of normal sperm, LH , FSH and Testosterone in G3 compared to  G1 and G2 . The results of the histological examination in G3 showed that there are interstitial spaces between the seminiferous tubules and few sperm in the cavities of the tubules with reduction and disintegration of the interstitial tissue and a lack of Leydig cells and a decrease in the size of the germinal epithelial cell layer with cell degeneration  necrosis of cells lining the tubules compared to G1,G2 and G4. The results of this article revealed the positive effects of Eruca sativa leaf ZnO NPs extract  on the adverse effects of creatine-induced testes injury.
Effect of fertilizing with boron and spraying with tyrosine on the growth and yield of two cultivars of Beetroot
Authors: Al-Silawi Ayed Hussein Salman , Mutar Khalid Abed
Published: September 2024

The experiment was carried out in one of the fields belonging to the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala, Al-Hasaniyya district, on 3/10/ 2023, which is located within latitude 32° north and longitude 44° east in mixed soil. The experiment was implemented according to a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) in the order of working experiments and with three replications. The first factor included two cultivars of beetroot (Local cultivar and  Keshtzar cultivar). While the second factor included 9 fertilizer treatments (control, adding boron at a level of 10 kg ha-1, adding boron at a level of 20 kg ha-1, spraying tyrosine at a concentration of 100 mg L-1, spraying tyrosine at a concentration of 150 mg L-1, adding boron at a level of 10 kg ha-1 + spraying tyrosine at a concentration of 100 mg L-1, adding boron at a level of 10 kg ha-1 + spraying tyrosine at a concentration of 150 mg L-1, adding boron at a level of 20 kg ha-1 + spraying tyrosine at a concentration of 100 mg L-1, boron addition at a level of 20 kg ha-1 + spraying of tyrosine at a concentration of 150 mg L-1), they are indicated by symbols (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8 and T9). The results showed that the T9 treatment (boron addition at a level of 20 kg ha-1 + spraying of tyrosine at a concentration of 150 mg L-1) was superior in leaf content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and boron, with averages of (2.770%, 0.5533%, 2.3800% and 41.50 mg kg-1), respectively. The same treatment also excelled in plant height, leaf area, root weight and yield marketing averages of (48.908 cm, 180.90 cm2, 275.8 g plant-1 and 45.34 ton ha-1), respectively. The results also showed that the local variety excelled in the aforementioned traits with averages of (2.071%, 0.3926%, 1.6244%, 30.91 mg kg-1, 53.447 cm, 194.29 cm2, 342.2 g plant-1 and 55.94 ton ha-1). As for the interaction between the factors, it was significant in all the characteristics under study.
Rethinking EU Law Beyond the Liberal Feminist Paradigm
Authors: Mair Sabine
Published: September 2024

In K,L v Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid (‘K,L’), the CJEU decided that a belief in the value of gender equality associated with the lifestyle of the westernized woman be regarded as a reason for persecution. While the decision contributes to a gender-sensitive EU asylum law, I argue that the CJEU’s classification of the young women’s belief in the value of gender equality as ‘identificatory’ (as opposed to ‘religious’ or ‘political’) perpetuates a long-standing criticism of the liberal feminist paradigm.
Diseminasi Pemanfaatan Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) Menjadi Pupuk Organik Cair Sebagai Implementasi Pertanian Dan Perairan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Putri Harmin Adijaya , Kisma Kisma , Mardiah Mardiah
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari program pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi dan memberdayakan masyarakat melalui diseminasi berupa kegiatan penyuluhan teknologi pertanian yang ramah lingkungan dengan harapan dapat meningkatkan produksi tanaman pangan secara berkelanjutan. Desa Lampulung adalah salah satu desa yang memiliki potensi lahan pertanian yang luas, namun masyarakat masih dominan menggunakan pupuk kimia yang memiliki dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Oleh karena itu kami berinisiatif untuk melaksanakan kegiatan penyuluhan ini dikarenakan Desa Lampulung terdapat populasi Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) yang sangat melimpah. Potensi Eceng Gondok sebagai pupuk cair yang ramah lingkungan memiliki kandungan unsur hara yang lebih mudah diserap tanaman, serta proses pembuatannya dapat dibuat dalam waktu yang relatif singkat dengan biaya yang relatif murah. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah  penyuluhan.  Dimana  kegiatan  ini  dilaksanakan  melalui  3  tahapan yaitu tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan penyuluhan, dan tahap evaluasi. Hasil dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini yaitu masyarakat semakin paham akan pentingnya menjaga kelestarian lingkungan perairan, salah satunya melalui pemanfaatan Eceng Gondok sebagai pupuk organic cair menggantikan pupuk kimia, sehingga mampu mewujudkan pertanian berkelanjutan.
Shortage of Black physicians: Florida Black medical student enrollment from 2013 to 2021
Authors: Khan Santana , Khan Sierra , Khan Shawn
Published: September 2024

On average, Black patients have substantially better health outcomes when they are under the care of Black physicians. The percentage of Black physicians in America has remained at approximately 5% for nearly half a century, even though Black people comprise 14% of the United States population. We used data from the Association of American Medical Colleges and Florida medical schools to examine two important research questions. First, we hypothesized that since the state of Florida has the twelfth largest percentage of Black residents, Florida medical schools enrolled a higher percentage of Black first-year students compared to the national average. We found that Florida medical schools that provided data enrolled a higher percentage of Black first-year students (13.5%) than the national average (9%), which supported our first hypothesis. Second, we hypothesized that the percentage of Black first-year medical students enrolled nationally was higher in 2021 compared to 2013, correlating with the emergence and rise of social justice movements, including Black Lives Matter. We found that the national average of enrolled Black first-year medical students was 6% in 2013 and 9% in 2021, which supported our second hypothesis. An increase in the percentage of Black medical students and physicians could help diminish race-based health and class inequity in America, leading to a significant increase in the health of many Black people.
Trust in the use of artificial intelligence technology for treatment planning
Authors: Srivastava Meenal , Srivastava Janvi , Regalado Adamaris , Augustin Abril , Worthy Lisa
Published: September 2024

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more prevalent in day-to-day life, it is important to consider public opinion and acceptance towards these AI systems. Specifically, many struggle to trust AI when used to create medical treatment plans. After all, one’s health tends to be a very emotionally-charged issue and not necessarily what we would associate with a machine. To address this, we present the question: Do young college students from diverse backgrounds trust AI system-developed treatment plans? We hypothesized that participants would rate the treatment plan developed by the AI system lower than the treatment plan developed by a physician. We conducted a between-group randomized controlled experiment with 81 community college students (75% female, 25% male) from a Hispanic Serving Institution. We presented the control group with a case study in which a physician designed the treatment plan. We presented the experimental group with a case study in which an AI system designed the treatment plan. The AI-developed treatment plan scored lower on the trust rating scale than the physician-created treatment plan, which is consistent with the hypothesis. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups' scores on the Healthcare Trust Questionnaire. Our results also showed no significant difference between the trust levels in AI of people of different ages, genders, ethnicities, employment statuses, or hospitalization statuses, contradicting previous research. Overall, our findings may indicate a negative public opinion regarding AI-developed treatment plans, potentially deterring the future of AI- driven healthcare.
BANKING SECURITY AND ATMs
Authors: Miss. Rupali Kadam  , Dr. Nilima Jajoo
Published: September 2024

As the fiscal sector relies on automated teller machines (ATMs) for client deals, the security of these bias has come consummate. This exploration paper explores contemporary challenges and advancements in ATM security, fastening on vulnerabilities that hang banking systems and strategies to alleviate these pitfalls. We examine colorful attack vectors, including physical tampering, cyber-attacks, and social engineering tactics, and their counteraccusations for fiscal institutions and consumers. This paper also reviews current security measures, similar as encryption, biometrics, and machine literacy- grounded fraud discovery, assessing their effectiveness in precluding unauthorized access and icing sale integrity. By assaying recent case studies and security breaches, we give perceptivity into arising trends and recommend stylish practices for enhancing ATM security. Our findings emphasize the need for amulti-layered approach to securing ATMs, integrating technological inventions with robust functional protocols to cover against evolving pitfalls.
Aspectos filosóficos da teoria da montagem: da dialética marxista ao perspectivismo ameríndio
Authors: Rosa Dionatan
Published: September 2024

Este artigo investiga a relação entre a teoria da montagem soviética cinematográfica e a filosofia materialista dialética, explicitando como esse encontro produziu um tipo de linguagem artística que, embora revolucionária, ficava restrita a uma noção dialógica de discurso. Como  possibilidade ao binarismo dialético, proponho o perspectivismo ameríndio como lógica operativa para uma visão de mundo polissêmica, na qual os discursos se apoiam em variáveis não fixas, o que, por sua vez, permite um observador do fenômeno artístico com mais liberdade de associação e de produção de relações subjetivas. Este artigo é parte da dissertação de mestrado Montagem Expandida, defendida em 2018, no âmbito do Programa de Pós-graduação em Teatro da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, com financiamento da Capes.Palavras-chave: Dialética. Montagem. Materialismo. Perspectivismo.
AbstractThis article investigates the relationship between Soviet film montage theory and Marxist dialectical materialist philosophy, explaining how this encounter produced a type of artistic language that, although revolutionary, was restricted to a dialogic notion of discourse. As a possibility for dialectical binarism, I propose Amerindian perspectivism as an operative logic for a polysemic worldview, in which discourses are based on non-fixed variables, which in turn allows an observer of the artistic phenomenon with more freedom of association and production of subjective relationships. This article is part of the master’s research Expanded Montage, defended in 2018, within the scope of the Graduate Program in Theater at the State University of Santa Catarina, with funding from Capes.
Keywords: Dialectic. Montage. Materialism. Perspectivism.
Uma poética da natureza e da resistência
Authors: Pedroso Magalys Fernandez
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho surge como resultado do curso Textualidades indígenas: do testemunho ao protagonismo, do Programa de Pós-graduação em Estudos Literários Neolatinos da UFRJ. O objetivo é analisar o livro de poesia O lugar do saber, da escritora, fotógrafa e geógrafa indígena  brasileira Marcia Wayna Kambeba, a partir da relação enunciação/natureza/resistência. O lócus enunciativo configura uma poética que ao mesmo tempo que dá voz à natureza, também instaura as memórias ancestrais dos povos originários e seu empenho em resistir. Anunciado sempre na pluralidade o eu poético mostra um estar em relação com o outro de forma harmônica, em que se inclui a natureza como um ente igualmente importante. Para atingir esse objetivo, dialogaremos com as noções de sujeito lírico, alavancadas por Michel Collot; com os pressupostos do conceito estar em relação proposto por Eduard Glissant; e com as noções de unicidade homem-natureza na perspectiva de Ailton Krenak.
Palavras-chave: Voz de enunciação. Márcia Kambeba. Natureza. Resistência.
AbstractThis paper is the result of the course Indian textualities: from testimony to protagonism of the Postgraduate Program in Neo-Latin Literary Studies at UFRJ. It aims to analyze the poetry book O lugar do saber written by the Brazilian indigenous poet, photographer, and geographer  Marcia Wayna Kambeba taking into consideration the relationship between poetic voice, nature, and resistance. The enunciation locus configures a poetics that gives voice to nature and doing that also revives ancestral originary peoples’ memories and their commitment to resist. The poetic voice, always announced in plural, shows the correlation with the otherness in a harmonious manner, in which nature is included as an equally important entity. To achieve this goal, we will dialogue with the notion of lyrical subject since Michel Collot point of view; with the concept being in relation proposed by Eduard Glissant; and with the notion of uniqueness between human being and nature stated by Ailton Krenak.
Keywords: Enunciation voice. Marcia Kambeba. Nature. Resistance.
THE OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis) ENTERPRISE FINANCING UNDER AGRICULTURAL CREDIT GUARANTEE SCHEME IN NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Aniefiok Akpan Umoren , Sunday Brownson Akpan ,   Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Akwa Ibom State University, Nigeria
Published: September 2024

The limited engagement of financial institutions in providing loans and advances to oil palm enterprises under the Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme (ACGS) has impeded the sustainable development of these enterprises. This study examined the trends in ACGS loan guarantees, repayments, and outreach to oil palm beneficiaries in Nigeria from 1981 to 2022. The analysis utilized time series data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria's statistical bulletin. Both exponential and quadratic trend equations were estimated using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. The findings indicated a positive exponential growth rate for the value of guaranteed loans (25.05%), repaid loans (15.20%), and the number of beneficiaries (7.37%) over the specified period. The quadratic trend equations suggested stagnation in growth rates over time for both guaranteed loans and repayments by beneficiaries. Furthermore, the quadratic analysis indicated a significant deceleration in growth over a double time period, suggesting that the growth occurred at a diminishing rate. It is recommended that the volume of ACGS loans allocated to the oil palm sector be increased in accordance with the prevailing inflation rate, and that the selection of beneficiaries be refined to ensure that only genuine applicants are identified.
ANALYSIS OF TAXATION AND WELFARE OF ITINERANT PALM OIL MARKETERS IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Economics   Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria, U. J Udokure , I. O Obasi ,   Department of Agricultural Economics   Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria, M. E Njoku ,   Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria, S. C Onya ,   Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
Published: September 2024

The study analyzed the taxation and welfare of palm oil marketers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling techniques were adopted to select 120 itinerant palm oil marketers for the study. Primary data obtained using structured questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistical tools, multiple regression model and mean per-capita household consumption expenditure. Results showed that palm oil marketers paid mostly sales tax with minimum and maximum amounts being N500 and N3000 respectively. The level of market participation (P<0.01), quantity of palm oil sold (P<0.01), and selling price of palm oil (P<0.05) were the determinants of the amount of tax paid by itinerant traders in the study area. The respondents' monthly expenditure on food and non-food items was N111,787.90. Imposing taxes on itinerant palm oil traders decreased their welfare. There is a negative relationship between taxation and welfare of itinerant palm oil marketers, the study recommended that policymakers consider tax incentives like reduction in the amount of tax that marketers are required to pay and exemptions to encourage palm oil marketers to participate in the market to enhance their welfare.
APO Members' Need and Readiness for Climate-Smart Agriculture Technologies
Authors: Hasegawa Toshihiro , Kuwahata Kenya , Tsurusaki Ichiro , Puangkaew Lurhathaiopath , Davaasuren Yasue
Published: September 2024

Faced with escalating climate challenges, the agricultural sector is at a critical juncture. In view of this, the APO Center of Excellence on Climate-smart Agriculture (CSA) has been spearheading development and dissemination of cutting-edge CSA technologies since April 2023. This report gauges the need and readiness for implementing these technologies and transforming agriculture in Asia, based on a survey across eight member economies. The insights from the surveys pave the way for resilient agriculture in the region, set a milestone for guiding future initiatives and fostering knowledge exchange, capacity building, and sustainable development in the region.
Exploring Principal Component Analysis: A Comprehensive Survey
Authors: Yuan Ruixin
Published: September 2024

In many research fields, high-dimensional data poses significant difficulties for experimental algorithms and simulations. The pro-post of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) provides an important preprocessing idea for the study of large sample experiments. PCA achieves information refinement by constructing an uncorrelated variable. Based on basic and generalized ideas of PCA, we illustrate the feasibility and flexibility of its application in a wide range of involved fields. It demonstrates that PCA is a worthy method not only in different fields but also in specific applications as a classical theory that can be further investigated in depth according to the characteristics of the data.
Carbon dioxide sequestration in brackish water: Principles, techniques and environmental benefits
Authors: Gong Zuhong
Published: September 2024

Carbon dioxide storage is a technology to separate carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere and inject it into the brackish water layer to achieve the purpose of carbon dioxide emission reduction. In this way, carbon dioxide is dissolved in salt water and then sequestered in deep underground water layers, preventing it from being released into the atmosphere and causing a greenhouse effect. This technology can effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions, but also can use geological structures for storage, has great potential application prospects. It is important to note that further research and practice is needed to address possible environmental risks and costs.
Obstacles Based on VUCA World Characteristics on the Path to Gender Equality
Authors: Gong Zishan
Published: September 2024

The world today is experiencing fast and radical changes in geopolitical structure and technology with the VUCA environment. These changes generate inequality in access to resources and chances for social advancement. Therefore, new problems for further development of gender equality are emerging.
Morita Therapy: Potential Treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Lei Tong
Published: September 2024

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a cluster-B personality disorder known for its complexity and difficulty to cure, and was once considered untreatable. At present, the mainstream treatment is represented by dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), but there are problems such as the shortage of therapists and the high cost of training. In order to increase the therapeutic possibility of BPD, it is necessary to find a new treatment method. Morita Therapy originated in Japan and is based on eastern philosophy and Buddhism, emphasizing the oneness of man and nature. Due to the lack of clinical data on the direct application of Morita therapy to BPD and the lack of related studies, a definite conclusion cannot be drawn. But the concept and core features of Morita therapy are compatible with the core symptoms of BPD, and the potential efficacy of Morita therapy in the treatment of BPD and the potential as adjuvant therapy are possible. This study explores the potential efficacy of Morita therapy on BPD, and provides a new direction and idea for the research and practice of BPD psychotherapy.
From Childhood to Adulthood: Uncovering the Roots, Impact and Healing Way of Skin Picking Disorder
Authors: Gao Ziyuan
Published: September 2024

Skin Picking Disorder (SPD) is a mental disorder which can lead to skin lesion, abnormal emotion and other negative effects. Nowadays, SPD becomes common, but there are still research gaps and controversies about its etiology and treatment. Based on a review of researches and case studies collected, the present study analyzes the impact of childhood experiences on SPD, the influence on patients, and treatment methods. The findings of this study suggest that childhood abuse may contribute to SPD, especially emotional abuse, such as parental neglect. SPD can affect many aspects of a patient’s life, and it can leave them unable to make peace with their distress. Finally, the two mainstream approaches to treating SPD are cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and drugs therapy. The purpose of this article is to provide a deeper understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of SPD, also to provide directions for preventive measures and future research.
The Influence of Gender Dysphoria in Social Aspects
Authors: He Xingxing
Published: September 2024

Gender dysphoria(GD) is a mental illness that causes distress when the gender identity(GI) of people differs with their physical gender. This article gives a review of GD in social aspects which discusses the internal process and external process as the source of stress and associates the social interactions of individuals with GD in the social context. The social function of people with GD could be affected by misgendering, gendered assumptions and intrusive thoughts about preoccupation with how others perceive them. Discrimination and exclusion was confronted by people with GD and linked to the minority stress model to describe different sources of stress. That will trigger negative mental health outcomes while social support connects to positive mental consequences in individuals with GD. The result of this research provides an understanding of people with GD through the analysis of the interaction in social context and the problems of their situations in society have been described through the data and studies, such as discrimination and stigma. The further research can focus on the solutions that can change their situations and help them in various ways.
Differential comparison of degradation efficiencies in urban environmental waters and effluents and with and without nanoparticles
Authors: Zuo Zhehao
Published: September 2024

DOM is an important component of water bodies and provides unimaginable vitality to the entire water body. This paper employed a filter configuration method to extract dissolved organic matter and sewage. In the control group, nanoparticles are added to set up a control group. The degradation efficiency of urban water bodies and sewage and their degradation efficiency in the presence or absence of nanoparticles was compared using a UV spectrophotometer and a photochemical reaction meter. By analyzing the degradation efficiency of DOC, we observed that the degradation efficiency of urban water is much higher than that of wastewater, and nanoparticles can increase the reaction rate. This effect is particularly pronounced in pond water, which can provide a reference for the standard of wastewater discharge and urban water management.
A Comprehensive Assessment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Treatments
Authors: Jiang Shiwen
Published: September 2024

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), which is commonly known as a mental health disorder. GAD has the characteristic of sustained and excessive anxieties, which seriously affects the daily lives of patients. The present study comprehensively evaluated the clinical characteristics, treatment methods, and efficacy of GAD. The research involves Pharmacotherapy (such as benzodiazepines and antidepressants), psychotherapy (such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT), and innovative therapies such as sandplay therapy (SPT). The results indicate that psychotherapy and drug therapy are still the first choices, and innovative therapies can be used to assist and improve treatment. Choosing a treatment method requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors, including the individual condition of the patient and possible side effects. In this study, a systematic review of the typical features of GAD and its etiology was performed. In addition, the advantages of different therapies as well as typical representatives are discussed and analysed. The results of this study provide implications for related research and suggest future research directions.