bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Factors Affecting Safety Outcomes in Construction Projects: A Field Study in One of the Large Construction Projects in Iran
Authors: Ghiyasi Samira , Koushki Rad Milad , Soltanzadeh Ahmad , Ghafourian Mona , Najafiyan Hadi
Published: September 2022

Background: In addition to detrimental effects on economy and people, safety consequences could negatively affect the efficiency and productivity of construction projects. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting safety consequences in construction projects.
Method: This was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study conducted in 2020 in a large construction project (a sewage treatment plant) in Tehran. The 250 people working in this construction project participated in this study. Data for this study were collected based on a safety parameter assessment checklist. Independent variables in this study were age and work experience, education, daily working hours, harmful physical and ergonomic factors, and unsafe practices. Analytical variables included Accident Frequency Rate (AFR) and Safe-T score. A multiple linear regression model and SPSS version 22.0 were used for data analysis.
Results: Age and working experience of the participants were 35.8± 9.8 and 3.4± 1.7, respectively, and nearly half of them had high school diploma (47.6%). AFR for two consecutive years of 2019 and 2020, were 5.16 and 4.43 accidents, respectively. Safe-T-Score was calculated as – 0.011. The results of regression analysis revealed a significant relation (p<0.05) between Safe-T-score and working experience, daily working hours, unsafe practices, noise and thermal stress exposure, carrying and moving loads, and safety risk factors variables.
Conclusion: Results of this study indicated that although safety performance at the studied construction site was relatively favorable, several variables had an impact on the safety consequences of the project. Hence, the safety consequences of construction projects might benefit from the results of this study.
Anxiety among Adults with Diabetes in Fasa Diabetes Registry System: Risk Factors and Relationship to Blood Sugar Control
Authors: Modaresi Farzaneh , Eslamzadeh Mahboube , Rezaimotlagh Mohammad Ali , Pezeshki Babk , Karimi Aliasghar , Ansari Amir
Published: September 2022

Background & Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) became a critical worldwide issue in last few decades. One of the progressive concerns is mental health in diabetic patients. Anxiety is one of mental health disorders that is comprehensively prevalent in diabetic patients. The investigation of anxiety in diabetes and poor glycemic control and other factors is related to comorbid anxiety with diabetes.
Materials & Methods: 220 diabetic patients who were registered on Fasa diabetes registry system. We interviewed them on telephone and collected Persian version of Beck anxiety inventory (BAI).
Result: Our study showed that prevalence of anxiety in diabetic patients was 29.5%. Among this the majority of them were females, i.e. 148 patients (67.3 %) and 72 (32.7%) were males and mean age was 57.16 years. Among all factors, glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin type A1C (HbA1C) and FBS) were not significantly related to anxiety in diabetes subjects. However significant relation between demographic factors (sex, having child and job) was detected.
Conclusion: Our study revealed a high prevalence of anxiety among diabetic patients and shows a significant relation with factors like sex, occupation, and job satisfaction. On the other hand, no significant relation between glycemic control and anxiety was observed. However, longitudinal study needs to identify detailed risk factors.
A Comparison between the Efficiency of Vonavir (Tenofovir-EmtricitabineEfavirenz) and Cobavir (Lamivudine-Zidovudine) with Efavirenz used for HIV Patients in Fasa, Iran
Authors: Honarmand Saeideh , Montaseri Zahra , Sharafi Mehdi , Najafipoor Sohrab
Published: September 2022

Background & Objective: Many different combination regimens have been used for the treatment of patients infected with human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). This study aimed to compare the efficacy of two antiviral drugs for the treatment of HIV-infected patients.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on HIV-positive patients in Fasa, Southwest Iran. Eighty patients were enrolled in the investigation who were then randomly divided into two groups and treated plus vonavir (tenofovir-emtricitabine-efavirenz) and cobavir (lamivudine-zidovudine) with efavirenz for six months. Blood samples collected from all patients were examined for viral load every six months using Real-time PCR and CD4 changes by flow cytometry.
Result: During the six months of treatment, the CD4 response was not significantly increased in group one, treated with vonavir. In contrast, the CD4 value showed a significant increasing trend during the treatment course in group two treated with cobavir-efavirenz (P=0.003). However, overall, there was no statistically significant difference between the CD4 responses of the two groups (P=0.361). In addition, the plasma viral load was significantly suppressed in both regimens (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Hence, the two regimens (cobavir-efavirenz, and vobavir) showed the same efficacy on HIV patients according to the same suppression of viral load, and CD4 response in this region. However, inclusion of more samples is needed and more studies are suggested in order to confirm our results as well.
Experimental Protocol for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 in Screenings and Grit Samples of Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors: Abdolahnejad Ali , Pourakbar Mojtaba , Raeghi Saber , Mohammadi Amir , Ranjbar Behzad , Behnami Ali
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Although various liquid, solid, and gaseous streams of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been analyzed in many studies for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, no study was found to sample and detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in screenings and grit samples separated from primary treatment units of WWTP. Hence, this study aims to provide an experimental protocol for sampling and extracting SARS-CoV-2 RNA from screenings and grits separated from WWTPs.
Materials and Methods: First, sampling was conducted to extract SARS-CoV-2 RNA from screenings and grit samples. After sample processing and viral RNA extraction, SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection was performed by one-step reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).
Results: Based on the results, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was successfully extracted from screenings and grit samples of the studied WWTP with concentrations of (1.54 –3.9 × 104) and (0.8 – 2.3 × 104) genomic copies/L, respectively.
Conclusion: Considering the successfully isolation and detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in solid phase samples of WWTP,  this method can be applied for extracting SARS-CoV-2 RNA and maybe other viruses from the screenings and grit samples of WWTPs in related studies.
Effect of Dietary Clove (Syzygium Aromaticum) Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Oxidative Indices, Lipid Profile, and Cadmium Accumulation in Cd-exposed Quails
Authors: Askari Elaheh , Fallah Aziz A. , Habibian Dehkordi Saeid , Bahadoran Shahab , Mohebbi Abdonnaser , Mohamadi Sara
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Natural products can alleviate oxidative stress induced by toxic metals. This study evaluated antioxidant properties of clove essential oil (CEO), compared to oxidative deterioration of Cd. It was carried out by measuring growth performance parameters (BW, FI, and FCR), oxidative indices (TBARS, CP, CAT, SOD, and GPx), lipid profile (TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C), and Cd bioaccumulation in quails.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 480 Japanese quails were fed with diets for 35 days. The diets included basal diet, basal diet + VC (500 mg/kg), basal diet + CEO (450 mg/kg), basal diet + CEO (100 mg/kg), basal diet + VC (500 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l), basal diet + CEO (450 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l), basal diet + CEO (100 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l), and basal diet + Cd (40 mg/l). Oxidative indices and Cd bioaccumulation (ICP-OES) were measured.
Results: The major ingredients of CEO included Eugenol (77.63%) and β-Caryophyllene (9.55%).  Quails exposed to Cd and treated with CEO had a reduced amount of oxidative stress as evidenced by lower concentrations of TBARS and CP, higher activities of SOD, GPx, and CAT, an improved lipid profile, and lower accumulation of Cd compared to the positive control. However, FI and FCR did not change.
Conclusion: Antioxidant properties of CEO were dose-dependent. CEO (450 mg/kg) was potentially as effective as, or even more potent than VC (500 mg/kg) in reducing the adverse effects of Cd. However, further studies are required to determine the minimum concentration of COE.
The Association between Dietary Nitrate Intake and Alanine Transaminase in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Darabi Zahra , Ferns Gordon A , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Khayyatzadeh Sayyed Saeid
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The effects of dietary nitrate on health are controversial. The current study aims to investigate the relationship between dietary intake of nitrate and liver enzymes among Iranian adolescent girls.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 733 adolescent girls. They were recruited from several schools in different areas in the cities of Mashhad and Sabzevar, northeast region of Iran, by random cluster sampling method. The dietary intake of nitrate was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were measured by auto-analyzer. Linear regression was applied to investigate the correlation between nitrate intake and liver enzymes in crude and adjusted models.
Results: There was a direct association between dietary intake of nitrate and serum levels of ALT in crude [β = 0.117; 95% CI (0.003-0.016); P < 0.01] and adjusted models for energy intake, age, BMI percentile, physical activity, menstruation, father's education, and mother's education [β = 0.128; 95% CI (0.003-0.016); P < 0.01]. No significant associations were found between dietary intake of nitrate and levels of ALP, AST, and GGT in crude or adjusted models.
Conclusion: There was a direct relationship between dietary intake of nitrate and serum concentration of ALT. Longitudinal studies are required to examine the association between dietary nitrate intake and liver functional tests.
Review of the Effects of Language Diversity on Learning Biology: A Case Study of Nigeria Ethnic Languages.
Authors: Adeyinka Olalekan Lawrence , Peter Adeleke Kunle , Temiloluwa Joshua Emmanuel , Ehebha Godsgift Agboniyehimhen
Published: September 2022

This paper attempts to review the effects of language diversities in learning of biology, restricted its boundaries to Nigeria’s ethnic languages, the paper research objectives such as investigating the language blend in a typical Nigerian biology classroom, ascertaining the pupils' preferences for their preferred language of teaching, assessing the disparity between pupils' academic performance when learning in English compared to Indigenous languages. The paper reviewed several previous works from scholars on different concepts revolving around the research study including; Educational Multilingualism, English as the medium of instruction, Use of indigenous languages as the medium of instruction, Issues associated with the use of English as the language of instruction, Issues associated with the use of indigenous languages as the language of instruction.
Fatalistic beliefs, emotions and attitudes towards COVID-19 prevention among young adults
Authors: Otanga Habil , Ogembo John
Published: September 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, health authorities required adherence to the individual- and group-level protocols with varying levels of success. The study, therefore, sought to identify pathways through which death anxiety, fatalism and fear of COVID-19 predict attitudes towards social distancing. A sample of 160 university students completed an online survey on associations between fatalistic beliefs, selected emotions and attitudes towards social distancing in Kenya. The estimated structural equation model for death anxiety and fear of COVID-19 explained the total variance in attitudes towards social distancing. Fatalism did not moderate associations but insignificantly played a dual role in adherence. Both death anxiety and fear of COVID-19 directly predicted attitudes towards social distancing. Finally, living in a zone labelled as ‘high risk’ predicted higher intentions not to socialise during the pandemic. We recommend that behaviour change interventions incorporate a psychological understanding of risk perception instead of focusing purely on medical approaches.
 
Keywords: Attitudes, COVID-19, death anxiety, fatalism, fear;
A study on depression among women who have been abused in Jordan
Authors: AL-Momani Mohammad Omar , Rababa Elham Mahmoud
Published: September 2022

Violence against women constitutes a violation of human rights and is one of the most important issues that affect the family, its cohesion and the safety of its members. Most of the studies, conducted on abused women, have indicated that there is a correlation between violence and its effects. This study aimed to identify the level of depression among abused women in Jordan. The sample of the study was deliberately chosen and it included 100 women who were between the ages of 18 and 50 years. To achieve the objectives of the study, Beck’s list of depression was used. To ensure the validity of the results, semi-structured interviews were conducted. The results indicated a high level of depression in the study sample of abused women. There were no differences in all dimensions in the depression of abused women following age, social situation and educational level variables.
 
Keywords: Abused, depression, feelings, violence, women.
Tuberculosis in Vaccinated versus Unvaccinated Children with BCG Vaccine in Niamey: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Outcome Aspects
Authors: Aboubacar Samaila , Alido Soumana , Moumouni Kamaye , Djafar Mamoudou Abdou , Moumouni Garba , Madougou Assiatou Gagara Issoufou , Abasse Moussa Ounteini , Boubacar Marou Soumana , Habiba Ide Amadou , Nafissatou Nanaito , Ibrahim Georges Thomas
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains a public health problem worldwide. The BCG vaccination is one of response means. The objective of this work was to study impact of BCG vaccination on morbidity and mortality related to childhood tuberculosis in Niamey. Patients and methods: It was a multicenter prospective and comparative study from January to September 2017 in two-referral hospital centers of Niamey and the National Anti-Tuberculosis Center. The study population consisted exhaustively of children aged 0 to 15 years old suffering from tuberculosis. Epidemiological, diagnostic and evolving aspects in vaccinated and unvaccinated children were studied. Statistical tests used were Pearson's Chi² and Fisher's exact test (p <0.05). Results: Ninety-one children were studied. The BCG vaccination rate was 60.4%. The mean age of children was 6 years 11 months [3 months-15 years]. Children under 2 years of age were less affected (11%) in vaccinated children than in unvaccinated children (3.2%). No association was found between duration of tuberculosis signs (p = 0.37), expression of tuberculin skin test (p = 0.43), and the children's BCG vaccination status. On the other hand, there was a significant link between vaccination status and the results of microscopic examination of sputum or gastric fluid (p = 0.02), occurrence of complications (p = 0.014) and death risk (p = 0.003). Conclusion: This study shows that children’s BCG vaccination status interferes with some aspects of tuberculosis. Therefore, fighting against tuberculosis must be intensified, through combination of many strategies including vaccination.
Importance of Integrating Effective Teaching Methods in Business English Classroom
Authors: Dolidze Tamar , Abesadze Anna , Harding Brandon , Leotta Paola Clara
Published: September 2022

The paper will highlight the importance of integrating effective teaching methods in teaching English for Specific Purposes, in particular Business English. Based on the survey, where 48 BE instructors participated from different countries, the article will demonstrate the significance of Lexical Approach, Task-Based and Project-based Learning by evaluating the outcomes of integrating them in teaching practice and beyond. The results once again confirmed the hypothesis. The survey consisted of both open and close-ended questions and aimed at voicing the opinion of BE Course Instructors globally. The target audience was exposed to the above-mentioned teaching methods. At the same time, the survey provides recommendations for beginner BE Lecturers on how to ensure maximal approximation to the authentic environment via practicing most useful teaching methods and making the learning process more result-driven, engaging and enjoyable.
The Black Sea - the Geopolitical Springboard of the Region
Authors: Zakaradze Ekaterina , Muradishvili Khatuna
Published: September 2022

Security and stability are essential for stable development, successful integration into global political and economic systems, and sustainable economic growth in the Black Sea region and Black Sea countries, including Georgia. During the Cold War, the Black Sea was "divided" into the Republic of Turkey (as a member of NATO) on one hand, and the countries of the former Soviet Union on the other. After the end of the Cold War, the strategic balance in the Black Sea region has undoubtedly changed - the role and geopolitical-economic importance of the Black Sea has noticeably increased. The Black Sea coastal states, including Georgia and Ukraine, have been given a new geopolitical role, new opportunities and new challenges.
Coverage and Framing of Emerging STI and STEM by Four Major Nigerian Newspapers and Implications for National Development
Authors: Batta Herbert E. , Ekeanyanwu Nnamdi T. , Obot Charles D. , Nda Iniobong C.
Published: September 2022

In Nigeria, there is a gross deficit of empirical research on emerging STI content in the media. This study investigated four prominent newspapers in Nigeria to ascertain the extent to which STEM and emerging STI are covered and framed. We posed the following research questions covering reportage, sourcing, framing, and implications. The methodology involved a content/framing analyses of Daily Trust, Leadership, The Guardian and The Punch. A census sampling of 728 newspaper issues was conducted covering a period of six months spanning between December 1, 2020 and May 31, 2021. The results indicate a near zero coverage of emerging STI in the four dailies. Other results show that of the eight areas of STEM examined, medical/health sciences (48%), agricultural sciences (24%) and ICTs/engineering (19%) received more coverage. Earth/environmental sciences, physical and chemical sciences, marine, space, and mathematical sciences were accorded near zero coverage. On sourcing of STEM stories in the four dailies, 54% was sourced in-house by the journalists, 33% came from national STI institutions, while 13% was obtained from foreign and internet sources. On framing, 42% of STEM stories were framed in terms of health, risk, and safety; 39% in economic and political frame, while academic, environmental, ethical and “other frames scored between 7% and below. The conclusion of the study is that newspaper coverage of emerging STI was near zero reflecting and projecting the dismal status of emerging STI in Nigeria while the coverage and framing of STEM depicted the media agenda of concentration on medical, agricultural, and ICT endeavours to the neglect of others.
IDS Annual Review 2021–22
Authors: UK Institute of Development Studies
Published: September 2022

It has been a year marked by conflict, climate change, and Covid-19 – intersecting crises that intensify and entrench longer-term vulnerabilities. As we highlight in the IDS 2021–22 Annual Review, these uncertain times demand that development research be done differently, with new approaches to learning and knowledge exchange that engage policy actors and diverse communities. Our work in the past year has centred on navigating uncertainties and crises, and despite the ongoing effects of Covid-19 and the challenge of major cuts to UK Government aid funding, IDS has made exciting progress. Read the 2021–22 Annual Review to find out more.
Noospheric Security Strategy
Authors: Vasilenko Vasily , Chashchina Tatiana
Published: September 2022

The problems of saving population of people in Russia (the reasons for the growth of threats to the quality of life, health of current and future generations) are considered from the standpoint of the principle of presumption of environmental danger of economic and other activities of Citizens of the state. Therefore, the principle of presumption of ecological danger must be taken into account in the noospheric criterion "do no harm", which expresses the ecological imperative (law) of the viability of civilization in the biosphere of the House of Nature. The article substantiates the urgency of noospheric (geo-ethnoecological) consideration of market threats to the growth of the burden of diseases in generations of families, aggravated by the aggravation of global pandemics and the depersonalizing digitalization of knowledge. It is shown that the noospheric observance of the principle of presumption of environmental danger of citizens' activities in the conditions of digitalization of sciences, education, management of subjects of society expresses: 1) criteria for the implementation by citizens of the noecological imperative in the fields of environmental management of regions (households); 2) the measure of the noospheric imperative (the principle of "do no harm" to humanity) in the development of scientific knowledge, the goals of the education system of individuals, in the strategy of managing the territory of the state, starting with the life of the institution of the family; 3) priority goals and objectives of the advanced development of the noospheric anthropology of family security in the greening of life, education, the deeds of generations of citizens, monitoring the longevity of individuals, subjects of civilization in the House of Nature; 4) the constitutional urgency of creating a system of noospheric monitoring of strategically and futurologically advanced management of the safety of citizens in ecotechnopolises of settlements, the introduction of noospheric rent, ensuring the viability of subjects of the institution of the family; 5) the need to recognize the noospheric law of sustainable reproduction of generations of Families in the Earth's biosphere as a civil expert-monitoring criterion for the geo-ethno-ecological viability of civilization, so as not to bring humanity to self-destruction.
India's Export of Livestock and Allied Products
Authors: SACHDEVA J K
Published: September 2022

One of the main objectives of the governmentsâ€™ export policy is to maximise agricultural exports in order to earn foreign exchange. It also seeks to provide remunerative prices to the farmers while ensuring adequate availability of essential commodities to the domestic consumers at reasonable prices. This paper analyses the Indiaâ€™s exports of livestock and allied products to principal groups of countries in the light of world trade. The direction of trade has been analysed to explore the areas where exports can be given a further boost. Four groups of commodities -1) Live animals, 2) meat and meat preparations, 3) milk and milk products and 4) eggs, honey and other products of animal origin- have been selected for the analysis. Harmonised system of nomenclature classifies the commodities on the basis of origin, use, functions and trade. Exports of select groups of commodities over 10 years have been analysed from the period 1993-1994 to 2002-2003 (in short 1993 to 2002). Importers of Indian products have been arranged in 5 groups- SAARC includes Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Middle East Group includes UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Yemen, Bahrain, Turkey, Qatar, Lebanon, Iran, Iraq, and Israel. High Income Asian Countries (HIAC) includes Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, China, Hong Kong, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines. High Income Other Countries (HIOC) include Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, UK and USA, Rest of World is the fifthÂ  group. No country has been repeated in any group.
Khadi and Village Industries in North East India with Special Reference to Arunachal Pradesh: Retrospect and Prospect
Authors: Mandal Ram Krishna
Published: September 2022

Originally, Gandhi conceived khadi as the best instrument for giving concrete expression to the Swadeshiâ€™ spirit and for making effective the boycott of foreign goods in general and foreign cloths in particular. Khadi was also expected to provide an opportunity to India for cultivating self-discipline and self-sacrifice as a part of non-cooperation movement. For coordinated development of Khadi throughout the country, Gandhiji set up, the All India Khadi Board (AIKB) with branches in all provinces in December, 1923. This organization was an integral part of the Indian National Congress and worked under its control. Initially the first phase of khadi movement in India started in 1918 and ended in 1924. This paper is based on a study which encompasses the following objectives to ascertain the present scenario of KVI in North East States, to chart out the growth and development of KVI in Arunachal Pradesh, to find out the problems faced by the KV for its growth and development inÂ Â Â Â Â  Arunachal Pradesh and to search the solutions of these problems
Development of Information Technology in North-East India with Special Reference to Arunachal Pradesh (Regarding Post Office and Telecommunication)
Authors: Mandal Ram Krishna
Published: September 2022

The Post and Telegraph Department was created by the British administration as an adjunct to effective administrative control over Indian people.Â  The department was run on the cost-benefit consideration.Â  However, it was also established â€˜to serve the peopleâ€™ (those who could afford to).Â  The department was rather slow in adopting new technological innovations.Â  But it did increase its network to the length and breadth of the country and with the dawn of independence, the department was geared to the cause of the national priorities and programmes. As a government department, it slowly turned out to be one of the biggest employers of unskilled and semi-skilled persons.Â  With the massive emphasis on rural development and overall demand for social transformation, the department did try to modernize itself technologically to meet the ever increasing demands on it.Â  As a whole this modernization phase in the department is largely based on technological transfer.Â  No serious efforts are being made to ask whether the technological transfer fits in the national policy of self-reliance. In fact, its adoption is based on the principle of trickling down benefits from the top and what is known as technological diffusion. So far North Eastern region in general and Arunachal Pradesh in particular is concerned, it is not only inaccessible from transport, communication and telecommunication point of view, but it is also economically at subsistence level.Â  By tradition, the vital resources - land, water, forest and even minerals are controlled by the community, in which technological investment is minimal. The paper explores historical development to present scenario.
Recent Trends in the World Economy: A Case Study of Africa
Authors: Rena Ravinder
Published: September 2022

This article provides the recent economic growth performance of the world in general and African continent in particular. The paper further examines recent economic performance at the continental and sub-regional levels in Africa. It discusses disparities in growth performance and the factors behind the observed disparities across countries and sub-regions. The data has been analysed and presented with a conviction that it gives a better understanding to the researchers to make a further study in this area. It also provides some insights for the policy makers in Africa.Â
Osip Mandelstam as the author of the unwritten “Poetics”
Authors: Kalmykova Vera V.
Published: September 2022

In Russia 1910–20s — the time of the formation of poetics as a scientific discipline. Poetics as a science also attracted the attention of O.E. Mandelstam, who correlate his poetic practice with the current state of philology. N.S. Gumilev assumed that Mandelstam would write a study on poetics. In the articles and essays of the 1910 –30s, many categories of poetics were comprehended by Mandelstam: poet and poetry, art and reality, author, reader, the theme of a work of art, language and speech, etc. The original terminology of Mandelstam, which has no scientific character (“omitted links”, “meanings”, “Mention keyboard”).
Avaliação formativa e autorregulação da aprendizagem no ensino superior
Authors: Alves Iron Pedreira , Faria Ivan , Pereira Juliana Laranjeira
Published: September 2022

No Ensino Superior, a avaliação da aprendizagem é uma atividade que desafia professores de diferentes áreas de conhecimento. Tal fato foi evidenciado na recente experiência de migração para o ensino online com utilização das tecnologias digitais contemporâneas como mediadoras no processo pedagógico, em consequência da pandemia de COVID-19. Dada a possibilidade dessas tecnologias serem definitivamente incorporadas ao ensino universitário, esse novo cenário demandaria, mais que nunca, a adoção de princípios e práticas que estimulem a autonomia discente em relação à sua própria aprendizagem e práticas pedagógicas promotoras da autorregulação. O presente trabalho objetiva apresentar um panorama das pesquisas e reflexões sobre as relações entre avaliação formativa e autorregulação da aprendizagem nas duas últimas décadas (2003 a 2021), com ênfase na literatura internacional e com foco no Ensino Superior. A metodologia adotada é uma revisão narrativa da literatura. Os achados desta revisão apontam para uma crescente integração entre os campos teóricos da avaliação formativa e autorregulação da aprendizagem, bem como para a necessidade de melhorarmos as práticas de feedback, tanto nas atividades avaliativas conduzidas pelos docentes quanto nas autoavaliações e avaliações por pares.
Globalization of Information—Take TiKTok as an Example
Authors: Xu Jincheng
Published: September 2022

Globalization is manifested in such dimensions as political globalization, economic globalization, scientific and technological globalization, and cultural globalization. Globalization of different dimensions supports and integrates. The “hardware” of information globalization is mainly concentrated in Internet and mobile communication, with obvious scientific and technological attributes. The “software” of information globalization is mainly reflected in the interaction and close connection with politics, culture, society, and other fields, with obvious communication attributes. It is a global complex integrating many elements. Information globalization brings convenience and risks to citizens at the same time. This article will take TikTok as an example to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of information globalization.
A Comparative Study of the Current Education Disciplinary Regulations in England Versus China
Authors: Yang Kaiyi , Qiao Danjv
Published: September 2022

Since the Chinese Education Disciplinary Rules for Primary and Secondary Schools (Trial), i.e., The Trial Rules (TTR) was first put into practice, its implementation has been limited because of teachers’ ignorance and misconduct. A comparative study is needed to shed light on these issues and promote TTR policies. As a country based on case law and a centralised educational system, England represents an appropriate reference. The present study compares the history and latest regulations in education between two countries (England and China) in terms of the participants and processes involved in education discipline. It is important to note that TTR has a shorter history than the system in England, and therefore, it provides relatively limited guidance for classroom teachers because there has not been enough practical or theoretical feedback. However, considering the regulations about the education disciplinary process (e.g., deviance, discipline, and feedback), TTR has formed a relatively well-developed stipulations for the latter two steps, while further details must be developed to better address deviance. Overall, more referential cases are needed as guidance for teachers.
Does the Restriction of Human Mobility Significantly Control COVID-19 Transmission in Jakarta, Indonesia? Global Versus Local Regression Models
Authors: Jaya I Gede Nyoman Mindra , Chadidjah Anna , Darmawan Gumgum , Princidy Jane Christine , Kristiani And Farah
Published: September 2022

COVID-19 is the most severe health crisis of the 21st century. COVID-19 presents a threat to almost all countries world-wide. The restriction of human mobility is one of the strategies used to control the transmission of COVID-19. However, it has yet to be determined how effective this restriction is in controlling the rise in COVID-19 cases, particularly in major capital cities such as Jakarta, Indonesia. Using Facebook's mobility data, our study explores the impact of restricting human mobility on COVID-19 case control in Jakarta. Our main contribution is showing how the restriction of human mobility data can give important information about how COVID-19 spreads in different places. We proposed modifying a global regression model into a local regression model by accounting for the spatial and temporal interdependence of COVID-19 transmission across space and time. We applied Bayesian hierarchical Poisson spatiotemporal models with spatially varying regression coefficients. We estimated the regression parameters using an Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation. We found that the local regression model with spatially varying regression coefficients outperforms the global regression model based on DIC, WAIC, MPL, and R2 criteria for model selection. In Jakarta's 44 districts, the impact of human mobility varies significantly. The impacts of human mobility on the log relative risk of COVID-19 range from –4.445 to 2.353. The prevention strategy involving the restriction of human mobility may be beneficial in some districts but ineffective in others. Therefore, a cost-effective strategy had to be adopted.
The Correlation between Nurses' Job Stress, Satisfaction, and Caring Behaviors Perception during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Özcan Gülsüm , Kural Şerife Kurşun
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Nurses, at the forefront of the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic, have a significant responsibility. Thus, it is substantial to examine the factors behind the job stress, job satisfaction, and the care nurses provide in this process. To examine the correlation between nurses' job stress, satisfaction, and caring behavior perceptions during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: A descriptive and correlational study. It was conducted with 261 nurses working in a hospital between 2020-2021. Introductory information form, Job Satisfaction Scale for Nurses, Swedish Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire (Job Stress Scale) and Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 were used as data collection tools. Factors behind the perception of caring behaviors were analyzed by linear regression analysis. Results: Caring behavior was found negatively correlated with job stress and positively correlates with job satisfaction. The regression analysis showed that the evaluation of the pre-pandemic work environment and the sub-dimensions of the scales, job control, support from superiors, and perceived significance in the workplace affected the caring behavior. Conclusion: The nurses have low job stress, high job satisfaction, and a high perception of caring behavior in the fight against Covid-19.
The Role of Working Mothers in Forming the Independent Attitude of Early Children at the Time Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mutmainah Naeli , Ahyani Hisam
Published: September 2022

Today, the role of a working mother is very important in forming an independent attitude in early childhood, starting from the parenting pattern, as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic as it is today. This type of research was analyzed using descriptive qualitative research methods with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The findings of this study are that the role of a working mother in forming an independent attitude in early childhood education in Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Nurul Huda Banjar City is the role of a motivator, supervisor, educator, counselor, and role model. The most appropriate parenting pattern applied by working mothers in shaping children's independent attitudes is democratic parenting. The implication of this research is that the factors that support the formation of independent attitudes of children by working mothers in Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Nurul Huda Banjar City during the COVID-19 pandemic include: environment, love and affection, and parenting. While the inhibiting factors are: the child's mood, inadequate parenting, peers or playmates, time and opportunity. The practical implication of this research is that the role of a working mother can form an independent attitude for early childhood..
An Assessment of Early Childhood Education School Infrastructure to Support the Wash Program in Indonesia
Authors: Koenarso Dyah Ageng Pramesty , Aziza Aspiya
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to explain an assessment of early childhood education schools infrastructure to support the WASH program in Indonesia. Quantitative research data collection methods were carried out in a survey with 186 samples in Banjarmasin. All early childhood education schools in Banjarmasin City have clean water and handwashing facilities with soap with water sources from the Municipal Waterworks (PDAM). Drinking water storage is in gallons and uses a dispenser processed through filtration. There is 5% of drinking water in schools in the category of less safe for consumption. Unsafe drinking water is indicated to come from water filtration that lacks maintenance and regular checks. The toilets owned by the school are shared toilets that are not used separately. The septic tank is not in accordance with Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 2398:2017. Most early childhood education schools have provided trash cans in the toilets. Each early childhood education school has a person in charge of toilet cleanliness and has a schedule for cleaning toilets. The handwashing station is located adjacent to the toilet and has a warning (in the form of a poster or banner) for washing hands after defecating. For the waste disposal used for washing hands, some are channeled into sewers, flowed under schools, flowed into septic tanks, and flowed into rivers.
Early Childhood Education Teachers’ and Prospective Teachers’ Understanding about Geometric Shapes
Authors: Pasiningsih Pasiningsih
Published: September 2022

Children explore shapes in their daily lives. Understanding geometry is needed in children’s daily life and help them to develop their ability in solving problem. However, in Indonesia, learning math in the context of early childhood education merely focuses on learning numbers. Therefore, it is possible that teachers do not have sufficient knowledge in teaching geometry. For this reason, it is important to find out early childhood education teachers’ and prospective teachers’ understanding about geometric shapes. This study used descriptive qualitative approach to answer the research question of how early childhood education teachers and prospective teachers understand geometric shapes. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews then analysed using thematic analysis. Findings showed that early childhood education teachers and prospective teachers have lack of understanding about geometric shapes particularly in their content knowledge of 2-dimensional geometry, how to teach and assess children’s learning in geometry. It is suggested that early childhood education teachers as well as prospective teachers improve their knowledge about geometry. Early childhood education schools and universities are also expected to provide professional development and explore further other areas of mathematics, such as geometry not just focusing on numbers.
Acquainting English to Young Learners through Nursery Rhymes at Playgroup
Authors: Suciati Suciati , Erzad Azizah Maulina
Published: September 2022

Most children like and enjoy singing songs. It can be used as one of materials for foreign language learning. Using nursery rhymes in the classroom can be a great break from following a set curriculum. This study aims to know the way to acquaint English to young learners through nursery rhymes, to identify the criteria of nursery rhymes that suits on the students, and to know the strengths and challenges in acquainting English to young learners through nursery rhymes at Playgroup. Qualitative research was employed to conduct this study. To collect the data, some techniques were carried out namely observation, interview, and documentation. The results revealed that the acquaintance of young learners English through nursery rhymes considers the content; students’ readiness, and class atmosphere, the nursery rhymes must teach the character education; the strengths in acquainting English to young learners through nursery rhymes at Halimatus Sa’diyah playgroup are the commitment among the manager/organizers, teachers and parents and the high awareness that English is important. And, the challenges are low teacher’s pedagogical competency, facilities, curriculum/material, and non-English school or living environment.
Intraplate Volcanism of the Alba Guyot: Geodynamic Formation Models of the Magellan Seamounts in the Pacific Ocean for 100 million years
Authors: Peretyazhko I.S. , Savina E.A. , Pulyaeva I.A. , Yudin D.S.
Published: September 2022

-We report data on 9 samples of basaltic rocks and a spinel lherzolite xenolith collected during dredging in the area of Alba Guyot (Magellan Seamounts, Pacific Ocean). The data include 40Ar–39Ar ages of five samples and mineral chemistry of rock-forming and accessory minerals and glasses, with implications for the formation conditions of Ti-amphibole in basaltic melts. The upper slope parts at Alba Guyot and its satellite Oma Vlinder at sea depths of 3600 to 2200 m, are composed of ~1400 m thick basaltic rocks that formed within the 112 to 86 Ma interval (40Ar–39Ar plateau ages). Later, in its 60 Myr history postdating the Cretaceous volcanism, the guyot was exposed to erosion, which produced a plateau-like flat top, and underwent another pulse of volcanism in the Cenozoic. Miocene (<20 Ma) eruptions of basanitic magma on the Alba Gyot plateau were associated with petit-spot volcanoes. Judging by the absence of hyaloclastic deposits around those volcanoes and the age of the lavas, the Cenozoic eruptions occurred in subaerial conditions before the guyot submerged below the sea level. The Alba volcanics have greater contents of incompatible elements than typical oceanic island basalts (OIB), apparently, because they formed by low-degree partial melting of different sources: pargasite-bearing spinel peridotite of the metasomatized oceanic lithosphere, mainly for Cretaceous basaltic rocks, and/or garnet peridotite for Miocene petit-spot basanites. Multiple eruptions at Alba Guyot for 100 Myr may have been maintained either by the Southern Pacific Superplume in the region of the South Pacific Thermal and Isotopic Anomaly (SOPITA) in the Mesozoic or by translithospheric faulting originated at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) in the Cenozoic.
Standardization of Mechanical Specific Energy Equations and Nomenclature
Authors: Dupriest Fred , Lai Stephen , Behounek Michael , Pastusek Paul , Cutts Chris , Best Bob , Cook Bryan , Bassarath Wendell , Collins Jared , Kamyab Mohammedreza , Moore Dennis , Pulpan Eric , Jeske Austin , Wilson JJ , Sheets Jamie
Published: September 2022

This paper recommends standardized names and equations for the two most common uses of mechanical specific energy (MSE) concepts: “total MSE” and “downhole MSE.” These names and their equations should be used uniformly in all applications, including electronic drilling recorder (EDR) picklists, rigsite surveillance, engineering surveillance, data analytics, research, and technical publications.

MSE, used as a metric for drilling efficiency, is a mathematical calculation of the energy used per volume of rock drilled. The downhole MSE equation calculates the efficiency of the bit alone, while the total MSE equation includes both the bit and drillstring. Those who use MSE in surveillance or analytics know the negative effects created by the lack of standardization over the years; it is certainly not a new problem.

The lack of standardized nomenclature has resulted in the use of the same name for different equations, or different names are given for two equations that are identical. This affects the ability of drill teams to engage vendors in the redesigning of performance limitations or to communicate new operational practices between teams and rigs. In addition to standardizing nomenclature, this document corrects a mathematical error that is common in calculating the total MSE.

The concern with the inconsistencies has increased as MSE has become a key element in many automated optimization schemes. Inconsistencies or uncertainties in the basis of MSE values calculated in real time or shared in large data sets will affect the industry’s ability to develop useful analytics or to automate rig control platforms and data-driven decisions.

This paper also includes a discussion of the MSE measurement errors and their effect on calculated values, which is of particular interest to controls engineers and those involved in data analytics. Examples are provided to illustrate how the two different MSE values are used in field operations. Also, a substantial list of current and potential future uses of MSE is included to encourage better MSE-based practices to potentially lead to the development of new uses in the future, including automation.

This ad hoc MSE Standardization Committee is a volunteer group with representation from operators, rig contractors, service companies, and data acquisition vendors. The guidance given reflects their shared experience in utilizing MSE in surveillance and analytics, and the recommended equations are technically correct.
Fuzzy transform algorithm based on high-resolution compact discretization for three-dimensional nonlinear elliptic PDEs and convection-diffusion equations
Authors: Jha Navnit , Perfilieva I. , Gupta Kritika
Published: September 2022

This paper deals with a high-resolution algorithm that engages fuzzy transform to solve three-dimensional nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations. The scheme approximates the fuzzy components, which estimate fourth-order accurate solutions at the interior mesh points of the solution domain. The fuzzy components and triangular base functions will be approximated with a nineteen-point linear combination of solution values and related to exact solutions by a linear system. Such an arrangement along with compact discretization yields a block tri-diagonal Jacobian matrix, and an iterative solver can efficiently compute them. The convergence analysis and error bound of the scheme are examined in detail. The method provides an order-preserving solution and applies to a comprehensive class of partial differential equations with nonlinear first-order partial derivatives. Numerical simulations with Helmholtz equation, advection-diffusion-reaction equation, and nonlinear elliptic Sine-Gordan equation corroborate the utility, convergence rate and enhance solution accuracy by employing a new scheme.