bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Talcott Parsons’ Economic Sociology
Authors: Tittenbrun Jacek
Published: May 2015

Talcott Parsons' important legacy in the field of economic sociology still remains underestimated. The paper pays Parsons his due, without avoiding criticism. The paper focuses on his most mature work in this field, i.e. „Economy and Society”, co-authored with Neil Smelser. Many weaknesses in Parsonian approach are rooted in his methodological outlook, in particular his anti-empricism that leads him to prefer conceptual methods over the facts, which preference, in turn, is responsible for many substantive omissions and errors Parsons commits. Nevertheless, some of his ideas, such as an input-output paradigm, or even his famous AGIl scheme have proved to be mor fruitful. Many critical points made by Parsons' opponents are, therefore, found to be irrelevant or misplaced. This refers in particular to an interesting and innovative in a number of respects theory of money.
The Relationship between early Maladaptive Schemas of Cuts-Exclusion and Slip among Addicts Abusing Drugs under Methadone Maintenance Treatment
Authors: Mozaffari Elahe , Khaledian Mohamad , Taghavi Fateme
Published: May 2015

Nowadays, the addiction is considered as one of the main interests in the human life. Increasing trend of addiction results in several interests and problems for many countries and societies during past century. Indeed, addiction is a physical, mental, and social illness that there are several effective factors in its formation such as personal, inter-personal, environmental, and social factors. It is one of the most important factors in destroying citizens’ health. In other words, addiction is a destructive and persistent illness that not only results in person’s death, but also destroys his/her family and society. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive-analysis research. The authors of this study attempt to examine the relationship between early maladaptive schemas of cuts-exclusion and slip among addicts abusing drugs under methadone maintenance treatment. In order to select the sample members, about 200 patients (100 patients with slip and 100 patients without slip) were selected from patients in the public clinics of Shiraz city. The sample patients should have pass at least 6 weeks of their treatment period. The sampling method was convenience sampling method. In order to test the patients’ positive or negative slip degree, they were under test monthly. A questionnaire and Young schema have been used for collecting the research data. The results of this study revealed that there is a significant relationship between abandonment scheme, distrust/misbehavior, defection/shame, social isolation/alienation, andextent of slip. Another part of the results revealed that there is not any significant relationship between emotional exclusion schema and extent of slip. With regard to the significant relationship between early maladaptive schemas and slip in the drug users that were under treat, it seems that the treatment scheme can be helpful in such patients for decreasing their slip and improving their health.
Dynamic Causal Relationships among GDP, Exports, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the Developing Countries
Authors: Mehrara Mohsen , Haghnejad Amin , Dehnavi Jalal , Meybodi Fereshteh Jandaghi
Published: May 2015

Using panel techniques, this paper estimates the causality among economic growth, exports, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows for developing countries over the period of 1980 to 2008. The study indicates that; firstly, there is strong evidence of bidirectional causality between economic growth and FDI inflows. Secondly, the exports-led growth hypothesis is supported by the finding of unidirectional causality running from exports to economic growth in both the short-run and the long-run. Thirdly, export is not Granger caused by economic growth and FDI inflow in either the short run or the long run. On the basis of the obtained results, it is recommended that outward-oriented strategies and policies of attracting FDI be pursued by developing countries to achieve higher rates of economic growth. On the other hand, the countries can increase FDI inflows by stimulating their economic growth.
Knowledge Management a Way to Gain a Competitive Advantage in Firms (Evidence of Manufacturing Companies)
Authors: Meihami Bahram , Meihami Hussein
Published: May 2015

Knowledge as the basis of competition is the most important factor and the knowledge, innovations also Technology and knowledge based companies as the most important factor for survival is known. Knowledge Process Entrepreneurship, the creation of knowledge and the conversion of products and services through innovation. The most basic feature of Intelligent Organizations twenty-first century, the emphasis on knowledge and information. Unlike previous organizations, organizations advanced technologies today, require Acquisition, management and exploitation of knowledge and information to improve efficiency, manage and track Variations are endless. Knowledge is a powerful tool that can change the world And innovations made ​​possible. Knowledge management is an interdisciplinary business model with all aspects of knowledge creation, Coding, sharing and using knowledge to enhance learning and innovation in the context of the company and Is working. This study developed a questionnaire and send it to companies located in the industrial town managers found that knowledge management has an impact on the surface of the competitive advantage's Knowledge management and competitive advantage, Innovation , Organizational performance, Customer satisfaction, The study variables were. Ranged the in 2,013th were tested. The results indicate that Knowledge management has made ​​a significant competitive advantage.
The State of Science and Technology Infrastructure in Secondary Schools in Nigeria
Authors: Nwachukwu Uche Emma
Published: May 2015

Science and technology (S&T) education is crucial to the achievement of socio-economic development of any society and also a critical element in the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Standard laboratories and equipments as well as reagents are S&T infrastructures essential for providing qualitative education for producing national technological manpower. This study evaluates the condition of S&T infrastructures in the Nigerian secondary schools. The study utilises primary data collected from public and private secondary schools across the six geo-political zones in the country. Findings show that there are inadequate teachers, laboratories and necessary equipment for teaching S&T related subjects in most of the secondary schools in Nigeria. Also, electricity supply from the national grid to secondary schools is poor because only 30% of them have light at most 4hours a day. The study therefore recommends the provision of adequate funds and electricity generators for these institutions to enhance the teaching and overall development of S&T education in Nigeria. In addition, adequate and qualified personnel (teachers and laboratory technicians) should be provided while good maintenance culture and improved security of laboratories and equipment in secondary schools should be imbibed by all secondary schools in the country.
Commitment of Journalistic Discourse in Construction of National Identity
Authors: Păun Mihaela Gabriela
Published: May 2015

The study is a focused application on the imagology field. The thesis in whose direction it is argumented is the following: a) the concept of identity retrieved in psychology, sociology, philosophy; b) the vision of the Romanians about themselves sequential exposed in the pages of the magazine „Dilema Veche” (“Old Dilemma”) in the period September-October 2006. Recently appeared on the scientific scene, the concept of identity is an essential component of the social contemporary existence. Romanian masters discover with sadness that in 2006 elements of cultural and identity, tradition are still imported and that‟s why, badly understanding democracy and liberty, Romanians allow themselves anything: gregarious spirit, colloquial talking, violence, brutish, arbitrariness. According to N. Berdiaev the concept of liberty implies respects the other‟s liberty, namely: we are free as long as personal liberty doesn‟t defy the other‟s right to liberty. The chaos and haste are the two constants that control the Romanians amplifying stress, abridging them the deepness of things. It is to be remarked also the superficiality and indifferent attitude towards the people and rejecting the values to the new generation which, although wanting to be free, still remains stuck into libertinism.
Communication Bridges between Religion Andscience: Route Saint Augustine - Blaise Pascal
Authors: Manolea Daniela
Published: May 2015

This study examines the flow of ideas that led to the final separation of religion and science. The research found that route, which occurred this segregation has the obligatory points of passage in Saint Augustine and Blaise Pascal. Decisively, the two contribute to the gradual release of pressing close personal ego exercised by universal self. Science and religionseparation begins with the right human desire to be free, with the idea of freedom. The Pascalian "I" is actually a human presence in the center of discourse. Saint Augustine, nor Pascal does not apply "generally to man". They know that always the faith comes to a person in his singularity and his historical context.
Effectiveness of Rhythmic Play on the Attention and Memory Functioning in Children with Mild Intellectual Disability (MID)
Authors: Javan Abbas Taghipour , Framarzi Salar , Abedi Ahmad , Nattaj Fahime Hassan
Published: May 2015

The present paper aimed at investigating the effects of rhythmic play on ID (Intellectually Disabled), children’s attention and memory functioning at the age range of 9-16 years. Research measures included Raven Colored progressive matrixes for children and Canners neuropsychological test and Vinland adaptive behavior scale questionnaire. Statistical population comprised all ID students in elementary schools in the city of Esfahan in the Iranian academic year 2011. The research sample consisted of 20 children with intellectual disability selected by using multistage random sampling. Then, homogeneous in sensory and motor skills, participants were divided into two groups of ten: control and experimental. After receiving the parental consent, the researchers applied rhythmic movements to experimental group twice a week 45 minutes for each session for three months as an intervention program. Eight rhythmic movements (play) were employed in this research. The results revealed that rhythmic movements would affect attention problems (focus of attention, sustained attention, shifting attention, divided attention and attention capacity), general attention, memory (short-term, long-term, working), as well as general learning problems in educable children with intellectual disability according to their performance scales.
Determinants of Retail Investors Behavior and its Impact on Investment Decision
Authors: Iqbal Nadeem , Ahmad Naveed , Abrar Maira , Hassan Aisha
Published: May 2015

Behavioral finance is an emerging science, and a relatively new and developing field of academic study that exploits the irrational nature of investors. Most of investment decisions are influences to some extent by our prejudices and perceptions that do not meet the criteria of rationality. Behavioral finance concentrates on irrational behavior that can affect investment decision and market prices. The rationale of this manuscript study is to analyze the determinants of individual investor behavior in Pakistani stock market. The study used primary date which was collected through questionnaire. Questions related to investors profile and determinants of investor behavior were included using a five point scale. Data collected were analyzed through SPSS and spread sheet. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to find the relative significance of different behavioral qualities of the investors in contributing overall investment behavior. AHP is one of multi Criteria decision making method to derive ratio scales from paired comparisons. The findings suggest that the dimension of overconfidence plays an important role in the determination of overall behavior.
The Activities of Iranian Supreme Audit Court in Confronting Money Laundering Emanating from INTOSAI's Strategies
Authors: Molaei Ebrahim , Alekajbaf Hossein , Abasesarmadi Mehdi
Published: May 2015

The initial results deriving from the Iranian membership in the taskforce in addressing corruption and money laundering are participation in the formulation of instructions to fight corruption by the INTOSAI followed by other countries, participation at the INTOSAI meetings and utilization of other countries' experiences in dealing with corruption, formation of a taskforce to fight money laundering in the national court of account and formulation and communication of the audit framework for the auditors of other countries to control and fight corruption and money laundering. Also, the Islamic Republic of Iran (National court of account), applying international experiences and in order to confront corruption and money laundering as well as financial crimes has embarked on promoting its technical-specialized knowledge of which one can refer to adopting a performance audit approach, reviewing the instructions, formulating the audit instructions, promoting the quality, implementing the electronic supervision, pathology of rules and regulations, supervising privatization in order to prevent the inflow of money with suspicious origin towards the economy. Furthermore, the national court of account, while prosecuting and punishing law and financial instructions violators, facilitating money laundering, presents the report on the budget bill followed with its views to the Islamic council parliament including an assessment of the impacts of the law on different related and interested groups, and attempts to provide some financial discipline. In fact supervision procedures of this organization in terms of the broad discretion in the field of financial supervision, contribute highly to the accomplishment of the financial transparency and some other networks in particular like banking, custom and tax networks. Especially, the supreme coordination council of the national supervision branches is chaired by the head of the court of account.
An Estimation of the Function of Postal Mails Demand and Awareness of Response by the Postal Service Customers against Mails' Price Hikes
Authors: Hosseini Seid Hamed
Published: May 2015

The aim of the research is an estimation of the function of postal mails demand and awareness of response by the postal service customers against mails' price hikes. During the period under study, statistics and information related to mails issued annually at the national level were examined, collected and then using the statistical methods as well as regressions, the functions in question were estimated. In this research, the documentary method was applied to identify and collect statistical data and then through direct reference to the records of the statistics of the post companies, telecommunication company, department of management and planning, as well as the central banks, data needed were collected. Using the regression models, the estimated function of the linear demand was carried out by way of minimal normal squares (ols) and minimal non linear squares (nls). Findings revealed that the postal service demand is positively and directly related with the population. Results, also, suggested that the postal service demand is a function of the national income and is found to be directly and positively correlated with it. Given the demographic natural growth and increased demand for the postal services as a result of the population growth, facilities should too, increase.
The Role of Ardalan’s Dynasty in Iran’s Political Structure
Authors: Kiani Mohammad Ghorban
Published: May 2015

This paper aims at studying the role of Ardalan’s dynasty in the political system of Iran. Going through a brief overview of the political situation of Kurdistan during Ardalan supremacy, this study is primary focused on describing Ardalan’s situation in political structure of Iran. Similar with governors in other parts of Iran, Ardalan authorities were considered as the political elites of Iran and possessed a special and unique political status among the states of Iran from Safavid to Qajar periods. Also, they were always, or at least most of the times, were among the topmost states of Iran attained the high authority and power. Ardalans had always benefited from the most prominent epithets and titles including Sultan, Khan, Baig, governer, and Biglar Baigy and they ruled their kingdom in much of the historical period covered in this study. Since Ardalans were the ruler of Kurdistan region before the Safavid dynasty, both Safavid and Qajar kings maintained them as rulers over their inherited and inborn region.
Communication Failure as Communication Power
Authors: Vlăduţescu Ştefan
Published: May 2015

After all communication remains a bitter idea that one could communicate properly, and better, and more efficient, and lower overall costs. The idea that persists after any communication is that the communication was imperfect. Being imperfect, any communication is also a failure. The power of communication is the communication failure. The failure is to not express your-self perfect, or speak more or less than you should, or could not say everything, or being misunderstood. In essence, the failure and the primary means of communication to improve the communication would be expression, speech, discourse. Discourse can be verbal or non-verbal. In linguistic communication works the principle of general expression, the principle of strong effability (J. J. Katz). The range of expression through language we record influence of idea of ineffable: it is thought, content, feeling, feelings, expressiveness that cannot be expressed. Ineffable principle seems to be secondary. In fact, the natural state of the world is ineffability. Effability and Ineffability of communication are complementary principles. The power of communication is in communication failure. Perfection communication cancel communication, perfection does not allow self-reproduction of communication and therefore stimulate its implosion. Deficient communication process development support communication; communication failure is the communication power. Communication failure is a relatively late theoretical discovery of communication discipline. It follows that in a subsequent paper to investigate ”the principle of communication failure” that emerges from the research of several renowned experts in General Science Communication (C. R. Berger -1997; J. D. Peters; Noemi Marin - 2007).
Reinvigorating Business Teacher Education towards Self-Reliance in Nigeria
Authors: Udoye Nneka Rita , Ndum Victor Etim
Published: May 2015

Any form of education that does not equip its beneficiaries with skills to be self-reliant is a faulty system of education. Business education must be ready to offer recipients functional education that will enhance performance as well as assist them to contribute meaningfully to the economic development of the country. This calls for education that will equip the students upon graduation to be fitted in the dynamic society. This includes the acquisition of skills in areas that will be useful to business students and make them self-reliant, independent and productive citizens of the society. Today the developments of Nigerian educational system and students’ academic achievements have placed many demands on the effectiveness of business teachers. One of the demands is that schools should graduate students with employable skills. From an entrepreneurial perspective, the main aim of any business education is to improve the capability of the students to identify good business opportunities, evaluate these opportunities in terms of feasibility, and visualize a business model that can be commercialized. This paper examined the concepts of business education, business teacher education, self-reliance and dwelled extensively on modalities that could enhance business teacher education towards self-reliance. It is recommended among others that the curriculum developers should integrate those key areas that will help the students and ‘would be’ teachers to acquire necessary skills needed for sustenance of one’s life and the society at large.
Effect of Nutrition Education Programme on Food-Related-Knowledge and Attitudes of Literate Women in Pankshin Community, Nigeria
Authors: Jatau Audu Andrew
Published: May 2015

The study investigated the effect of nutrition education programme on food-related- knowledge and attitudes of literate women in Pankshin community. The non-randomized control group pretest posttest quasi-experimental design was employed for the study. The instruments for data collection were a self developed 53 items nutritional knowledge and attitude questionnaire (NKAQ) and 24 content 12 weeks unit plans. The findings of the study showed that there was statistical significant difference between the mean scores of the nutritional knowledge of women exposed to nutrition education programme (NEP) and those not exposed to NEP. There was statistical significant difference between the mean scores of the nutritional attitudes of the women exposed to NEP and those not exposed to NEP. Level of education has no significant influence on the nutritional attitudes of the women. Age has no significant influence on the nutritional attitudes of the women. Based on these findings, suggestions were proffered on ways to curtail the problems of nutritional disorders.
Adequate Funding: A Need for Quality Assurance in Vocational Education
Authors: Itua Godwin E.
Published: May 2015

Vocational Education is capital intensive. This is because it is not like any of the liberal academic discipline that has to do with theories rather Vocational Education has to do with skill acquisition and competencies on its beneficiaries. For this to be possible there must be adequate fund to provide facilities, equipment, materials and all the needed prerequisite. Unfortunately, this has not been the case in institutions running Vocational Eeducation. To solve this problem, the writer identified the funding needs of vocational education and went further to discuss the constraints for adequate funding of vocational education. The paper was concluded with suggestions for alternative strategies for adequate funding of Vocational Education to ensure quality assurance. Some of the suggestions among others are that Vocational Education practitioners should convince government to increase allocation or subventions to Vocational Education Institution. Internally generated revenue project should be established via school livestock, crop farms, product manufacturing, bottled water, block moulding, arts works, cloth making, etc. Also staff and students of Home Economics Education should be marketed as caterers and event managers to generate revenue internally to promote Vocational Education. PTA should be involved in the funding of Vocational Education programme.
Coping Strategies among Farmers and Herders during Post Conflict Situation in the Kaindji Dam Area of Yauri Emirate, Kebbi State, Nigeria
Authors: Umar S. , Umar B.F.
Published: May 2015

This study examines the coping strategies among farmers and herders during post-conflict situation in Kainji dam area of Yauri Emirate, Kebbi State Nigeria. The study was conducted in the 3 Local Government Areas of the Emirate. Purposive sampling was used to select twelve villages in the LGAs (4 villages/ LGA). 16 respondents were randomly selected for data collection, to obtain a total of 192 respondents. The result of the study reveals that the average uses of problem-oriented coping strategies score among farmers were 51.8 %, Herders 50.5 %. The use of emotion-oriented coping strategies score among farmers and herders were 38.4 %, 59.7 %, respectively and the average use of social support coping strategies among farmers and herders were 30.0 %, 28.5 % respectively. The study recommends that Government and other donor organizations should assist the conflict actors with relief materials during conflict situation, so that they can cope with the stress and resume normal production activity.
Some Socio-Geographic Characteristics of Modern Labor Migration from Serbia and Montenegro to Denmark: Social Life and Social Relations Migrants
Authors: Rajović Goran
Published: May 2015

This paper discusses some socio-geographical characteristics of contemporary labor migration from Serbia and Montenegro in Denmark, analyzed in terms of social life and social relations of migrants. At the beginning of the sixties, slow economic development of the country (former Yugoslavia), caused the decision of the Serbian and Montenegrin workers to go abroad. Among these countries, it was certainly and Denmark. Serbian and Montenegrin communities of migrants, although not many (about 8,000), is interesting for researchers, because in the middle of Denmark that is economically dependent, maintained their ethnic or social identity. Since the notion of a complex identity, it must be viewing within the more theoretical approach or framework. Therefore, there are two interpretations: one given by the respondents, and other researchers. In this study, on the one hand the most outstanding are moments in the life and character of the Serbian and Montenegrin man in the time immediately preceding the external migration to Denmark and on the other, new life and a different occupational mobility of respondents. Among the latter, include, for example, communication between Serbian and Montenegrin migrants with their homeland through: print media, broadcasting, internet. Important place in the identification of the Serbian and Montenegrin migrants are in the family, relatives, churches, associations and clubs, where they can develop their activities. Thus, forming a social network within the community and are wider environment.
Difficulties in Adaptation of Religious Terminology on Requirements of Teaching
Authors: Borowski Andrzej
Published: May 2015

The effectiveness of teaching the religion depends on the degree of the linguistic efficiency for the sender and for the recipient and by the degree of linguistic awareness of the religion instruction teacher i.e. his knowledge about mechanisms of the linguistic intercommunication. In the religious education transmission it seems essential to be perceiving language of the religious education by pupils. Amongst pupils and religion instruction teachers from primary schools and post-secondary a belief that the new manuals are adapted for the age and the level of the religious knowledge of pupils is dominating, they aren't proposing more serious linguistic problems concerning remarks. This belief results from the low-end acquaintance of the religious /terminology pupil’s/ and of religion instruction teacher’s /conformism/. Pupils of upper secondary schools are more conscious of their gaps in the knowledge of a language religious however the little percentage is only trying to make up for these gaps through the participation in active religious education /especially this beyond the school/.
Emergence, Institutionalization and Professionalization of Romanian Journalism in the 19th Century
Authors: Bitoleanu Iulian
Published: May 2015

The study investigates the roots of journalism in Romania. First is ascertained the inextricable connection of the Romanian journalism with the European journalism. Then is revealed the delayed imposing of the press in the Romanian principalities in the early part of the 19th century. Moreover, it highlights the rapid evolution of the Romanian press and its axiological synchronization with European and world press towards 1880, through national poet Mihai Eminescu and the newspaper "Timpul" (“The Time”).
Factors Influencing the Characteristics of a Good Teacher with a Degree in Management & Accounting Course - Islamic Azad University Ghorveh
Authors: Ziaee Morteza
Published: May 2015

Today, the most important factor that plays a role in educating students. Will be attending, so centers Education of their professors revealed the suitability of a set-up and evaluation of the performance of the teachers are accustomed to determine the quality of education improve. Economic and social sectors of the education system of each country and the plan are the macro level. International accounting education in the education system as a very important role in helping the economic development. This is among the most prominent role in developing countries. Scientific and technical developments in accounting from the rapid economic growth have created the need for the accountants in specialized fields, acquire the necessary skills. Such processing requires specialist expertise and training of skilled manpower and the training is effective and efficient that is commensurate with the environmental conditions With regard to economic development such as accounting education system seems to stem from the failure had. And therefore it is necessary to develop the talents and expertise to create. Identify barriers to growth factors and accounting education, the first requirement is to eliminate these deficiencies. Questionnaires related to the research hypotheses, distributed among management and accounting students. Population study in two undergraduate accounting students who are enrolled in a semester are 2014-2015 and their number reached 122. After collecting the questionnaire results had suggested that they are heading to training the new facilities will not be used for educational and academic background, degree requirements for management and accounting students is not. So can be said that the current education system is not efficient management and accounting undergraduate.
Good Governance
Authors: Emerson Peter
Published: May 2015

In many countries, „free and fair‟ parliament elections precede a process of cabinet selection which, in contrast, is often far from transparent. In single party majority rule, the party which wins the election then forms the government, its leader becomes the premier, and he/she then has the power to hire and fire ministers, as it pleases. Where elections result in a number of parties being represented in parliament, none of which has a majority, there invariably follows a very opaque part of the democratic process: inter-party meetings, wherein various parties try to form a majority coalition, with ministries allocated to party functionaries in deals perhaps shady or worse. A third structure relates primarily to conflict zones, all-party power-sharing; in these situations, any negotiations by which a government is formed can be both problematic and protracted. It need not be so. In either a single-party majority rule, a majority or grand coalition, or a unity government, the parliamentary party or parties concerned could use a transparent voting procedure, a tabular mechanism by which every mp can vote, not only for those whom they wish to see in government, but also for each nominee‟s ministerial post. It is called a matrix vote. This article will examine different government structures – one-party, two-party and multi-party states; it will examine the assumptions on which democracy is based, with particular regard to the fact that the right of a majority to rule is often interpreted to mean that political decisions can best be resolved by binary votes; it will consider a hypothetical example of the matrix vote; and finally, it will discuss the feasibility of an inclusive, all-party political structure.
Research on the Internet and Check the Status of E-Banking in Iran
Authors: Ziaee Morteza
Published: May 2015

E-banking is a special type of banking service to their customers to provide an electronic environment such as the Internet uses. This type of banking operations, including all of the bank receipt or deposit money, signature verification, inventory and other significant banking operations are conducted electronically. Internet Banking is a special kind of e-banking uses the Internet as a distribution channel. Two Popular models include electronic Reserve banks and branches electronics. Present age is communication and information technology age. One of the most important phenomena of this age is Revolutionizing of traditional banking. Development of electronic communication and access of large numbers of people to the Internet, has provided the conditions for establishing trade and economic exchanges. This subject led to increase of competition in the banking industry and creation of electronic banking services. With increasing demands for such services, something that should be considered is the barriers of electronic banking. In our research, we decided to check the status of e-banking in Iran. For this we have selected a number of banks. Questionnaire design and distribution between bank employees and its results interpreted.
Ife Oracle in Itsekiri Social System of Nigeria
Authors: Ireyefoju Jackson Omasanjuwa , Ireyefoju Florence Ejuogharanmakelesan
Published: May 2015

Itsekiri people came from Egypt after the battle of Actium in 31 B.C. They arrived and settled in the present Warn Kingdom in about 28 B.C in Gborodo, Ureju and Ode Itsekiri. The leaders of the teams were Iset, Iweret and Ipi. The word Oritse which means God in Itsekiri appears to be closer to Osiris, god of the Nile than those of their neighbours - Urhobo, Ijaw and Ilaje. Ra, the god of the sun in Egypt that helps the crops to mature is the wife of Umalokun in Itsekiri, the provider of sea foods. Ife oracle with its 256 literary corpus is a compendium of the cultural practices of the people. It includes the metaphysical and psychic studies of the people, a source of ethics and discipline of the people. It must be sustained to raise the spiritual level of the people. The phenomenological approach was employed by the authors to examine the historical configuration of the Itsekiri social system and the place of Ife oracle. It was concluded that Ife oracle, as compendium of knowledge and reality, is the access point to understanding our human inheritance and realizing our core values. Upon this, it was recommended that Ife oracle is not fetish. Rather it is a valid and reliable source of knowledge.
Pension Fund: A Veritable Source of Financing Real Estate Development in Nigeria
Authors: Bernard Adjekophori
Published: May 2015

Pension funds control relatively large amounts of capital and represent the largest institutional investors in many nations. Financing real estate on the other hand required a huge capital outlay. This study examined the viability of pension funds as an investment option in real estate development. It is empirical in approach and it adopted a survey research design. A convenient random sampling technique was used to gather data from a sample of 42 respondents comprising of 18 pension administrators and 24 Real Estate Developers and Investors. A structured questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection and a simple descriptive statistical method was use for presentation and analysis of the data. The results however reveal that both the pension administrators and the real estate developers agreed that the pension funds if well channel is a veritable means for financing real estate project. We therefore recommends amongst others that the government as a matter of urgency should slack their policy to increase the percentage of the funds for real estate development and to also advance a policy with strict guideline empowering the pension fund managers to directly grant credit to developers and real estate investors who is able to meet and comply with the conditions provided in such policy. Real estate brokers and experts should also be drafted into the pension scheme to give professional advice on the viability and feasibility of any proposed real estate development.
Islam and Traditional Titles in Contemporary Lagos Society: A Historical Analysis
Authors: Akitoye Hakeem A.
Published: May 2015

Lagos, an area basically inhabited by the Yoruba speaking people of South Western Nigeria and by extension some other parts of West Africa where Islam, Christianity and the African Traditional Religion are still being practised side by side till date with the Africans still being converted to the new faiths without dropping their traditional religion or cultural affiliations. This ideology is very common to the average African who still believes in his culture which has always tainted his way of life or as far as his religion is concerned should not interfere with his culture as the religion as not tacitly condemned some of these practices. This paper intends to examine the extent to which the Yoruba Muslims have been involved in syncretism especially as regards the introduction of the conferment of titles into the Muslim community.
Corporate Social Responsibility - Sustainability and Profitability
Authors: Teodorescu Mirela , Ionescu Dan
Published: May 2015

In present, the image of a company, its corporative identity became of a fundamental importance. An organization has to show transparency and correctness, in our time is not enough to perform only a high quality product, moreover, organization must prove it is also a good corporative “citizen”. There is no doubt that many of the actions of some major corporations have shown the worst side of commercial operation, whether this has been in the form of social or environmental operation or through manipulation conducting to major financial catastrophes that have harmed a lot at all levels of society. For this reason, there has been a growth in support for NGOs that have set their sights on raising awareness and stopping exploitation of any natural resources, using any and all means to further their special cause irrespective of the impacts on others in society, even the business community.
Consideration on Online Education in Romania
Authors: Grabara Janusz , Bosun Petre
Published: May 2015

Using the online learning platform provides a dynamic training program at substantially reduced costs compared with the conventional systems. They ensure the development of a scalable products, secure online access to thousands of students even for distance learning, offering them the books available online, multimedia support, etc.. Outside the curriculum it was developed a flexible verification and scoring system, uploading projects, maintaining a permanent online contact between students on the one side and between students and lecturers on the other side. In the online lessons there may be audio or video links between students and lecturer, when the session administrator believes that certain aspects need to be developed in this way. Ensuring for a convenient program of resources access may allow students to structure better the learning period.
Using the Delphi Method in Forecasting Tourism Activity
Authors: Modrak Vladimir , Bosun Petre
Published: May 2015

Delphi method is used to obtain usually medium or long-term forecasts, which involves establishing a consensus from a panel of experts asked to make estimates about the evolution of the economical phenomenon. If it cannot be obtain the wished consensus, the opinions having a certain degree of divergence, it aims to reduce as much of this dispersion, without a direct influence on the panel of experts, using a framework in which their expert feedback drive to the conclusion of the study. Of course there are some advantages and disadvantages of this method and these are presented in the article content.
Confidence in Social Institutions in the Post-Communist Countries
Authors: Borowski Andrzej
Published: May 2015

Public confidence is a phenomenon of social change, being characterised for the periods of political and cultural revolutions. Twenty years of democratic transformations in the post-communist countries and multiple changes in the ruling elite have given responders a basis to negative assessment of the quality if establishment. A characteristic feature of this assessment is a low level of confidence in the institutions of political life. An increase in confidence in these institutions may be connected with their longer functioning in social consciousness and feeling its positive effects by citizens.
Global Projections of Populational Ageing
Authors: Powell Jason L.
Published: May 2015

This article forecasts quite dramatic increases in the general population of the globe, which will also be reflected in increasing ageing populations. This paper explores how globalization and its structural economic and social forces throws into flux the policies and practices of individual nation states to address social, economic and political issues for older people focusing on empirical data on pensions and health and social care. The paper will examine specific empirical areas of populational projections across the world before we discuss some of the key challenges and consequences of global ageing for the study of ageing populations. It highlights how empirical research needs to move from being state centred to one of which acknowledges global forces and the impact of populational ageing.
Structural Changes in Livestock Production: A Case Study in Montenegro
Authors: Rajović Goran , Bulatović Jelisavka
Published: May 2015

The production structure of agriculture in Montenegro, livestock production has a very important role, because without a stable and developed livestock production has not developed agriculture. Therefore, in this paper, shows structural changes in livestock production. In fact, in the period 1960 2010, the total number of agricultural farms that raise cattle has been reduced from 64.918 to 32,675 agricultural farms. Which is after all result of social and economic factors, such as: processes of industrialization and urbanization, depopulation of rural areas, reduced local and regional market, the low purchasing power of the population, transition, privatization, the lack of long-term development strategy for livestock, technological and technical unwillingness processing capacity, lack of organization of primary production, weak linkage of farmers and processors, insufficient and slow recovery cattle breeds. Judging by the number of agricultural farms that raise cattle, production volume, and towards other indicators, livestock production in Montenegro mainly used to meet the needs of households. Smaller part of are intended market. To meet these problems were resolved in an adequate way, it is necessary to bring appropriate strategy in livestock Montenegro with the proposed development measures which must be long term. Agriculture Development Strategy should clearly define macro-zones on which to foster specific livestock species, and based on that subsidizes and assists farmers and households. Law concerning land is necessary to clearly specifies, it is defines the terms of use and disposition of land for the purpose of food production. It should be clear that the specifies how and under what conditions will be used state lands, what about the natural meadows and pastures, by taking advantage of available forest land for livestock.
Taraz Al Akhbar in Persian Literature and Culture
Authors: Kamaladdini Mohammad Baqere , Ghiasi Morteza
Published: May 2015

Taraz Al Akhbar, the effect of Abdel Nabi poetry and storytelling (1589-1980); is a collection of poem and prose texts that is valuable from the perspective of storytelling. This anthology has literary value for the sake of diversity of poem and prose texts, and it is an important source for many literary studies. In this article after the introducing the writer, the main framework of the book based on four categories of war, banquet, love, and agility, as well as the literary value was investigated. The prologue was noticed for consideration of invention of stories, story attribute, story teller, predominance of story teller, income and issues of story teller, and customs of appropriate reading. The overview of imagery in this effect, particularly; imageries, metaphors, exaggeration, and incorporation of noticeable description such as musical instruments, elephant, and Hippo, which were less seen in the Persian literature; was included in this article. The salience of epic was shown in the chapter of war.
Investigating the Relation between Emotional Intelligence and Mental Health of the Students Majoring in Educational Sciences in the Year 2012 at the Mahabad's Payame Noor University
Authors: Mahmoudfakhe Heman , Abdivarmazan Morad , Amini Toba
Published: May 2015

The current research was carried out with the aim of investigating the relation between the emotional intelligence and mental health of the students majoring in educational sciences in the year 2012 at the Mahabad Payame Noor University. For this purpose, we chose 86 students from among 150 students through simple random sampling and these 86 people responded to the questionnaire of emotional intelligence and mental health. After analyzing the findings, we concluded that there is a significant relation between the emotional intelligence and mental health of these students and the correlation is positive. The average scores pertaining to physical symptoms, anxiety, disorders in social performance and depression are respectively 13/372, 13/767, 8/418 and 15/569.
Predicting Financial Stability of Select BSE Companies Revisiting Altman Z Score
Authors: Chouhan Vineet , Chandra Bibhas , Goswami Shubham
Published: May 2015

In the era of globalization, prediction of financial distress is of interest not only to managers but also to external stakeholders of a company. The stakeholders are continuously seeking the optimal solution for performance forecasting, as a way to rationalize the decision-making process. The recent past shows that financial stability of companies is at the stake. Stockholders, Managers, Creditor and employees of the business are always concerned about financial stability of the companies. The most frequently tool for financial analysis is financial ratios. However, financial ratios are no-longer proved appropriate for „Stockholders‟ equity position and creditors‟ claims. Stakeholder‟s have concerns about the consequences of financial distress for companies, and controls of capital adequacy through the regulatory capital requirement (Mingo, 2000). This shared interest creates persistent investigations and continuing attempts to answer an incessant question that how financial distress can be predicted, or what reveals the credit risk of firms. For this purpose most commonly used tool is Altman Z score, but due to nature of the explanatory variables, financial distress prediction research has not reached an unequivocal conclusion. The primary goal of this paper is to analyze and reexamine the Altman Z score. In order to facilitate the current research, various ratios were taken from Altman‟s Z score. To fulfill our objective Z score ratios were used to divide sample firms into healthy and unstable among BSE-30 companies. First the Z score is calculated for 10 companies selected for this purpose for a period of 5 years each. And then it is divided as per z scores, later the significant in the changes in the ratio is calculated with the help of One sample Komogrov-Smirnow test, which resulted that the change in the z scores is not significant in case of all the companies.
Scenario of Public Participation in Assembly Elections of Jammu & Kashmir: A Study (1962-2008)
Authors: Pandita Ramesh
Published: May 2015

The present study is an attempt to evaluate the prevailing democracy in Jammu & Kashmir, India which is also being termed as conflict zone in South Asia. The study analyzes elections held to state legislator during the period 1962-2008. Aspects like, participation of national and local political parties has been evaluated, participation and performance of some prominent political parties, representation given to women candidates, participation of electorate etc have been studied.