bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Gold‐Catalyzed Unique Cycloisomerization of 1,5‐Enynes: Efficient Formation of 1‐Carboxycyclohexa‐1,4‐dienes and Carboxyarenes.
Authors: Wang Shaozhong , Zhang Liming
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Remarkable HBF4—SiO2‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Acylals from Aldehydes under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Kamble Vinod T. , Bandgar Babasaheb P. , Joshi Neeta S. , Jamode Vasant S.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemistry of 1,2,4‐Trioxanes: Base‐Mediated Formation of Highly Reactive Electrophiles and Their Entrapment with Amines and Thiols.
Authors: Singh Chandan , Malik Heetika
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Diethylzinc to α,β‐Unsaturated Imines Derived from α‐Aminoacids. Enantioselective Synthesis of γ‐Substituted α‐Dehydroaminoesters.
Authors: Palacios Francisco , Vicario Javier
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Convenient Method for the Preparation of Weinreb Amides via Pd‐Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Aryl Bromides at Atmospheric Pressure.
Authors: Martinelli Joseph R. , Freckmann Dominique M. M. , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Straightforward Conversion of Alcohols into Dibenzenesulfonimides.
Authors: Giovanelli Emerson , Doris Eric , Rousseau Bernard
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Photochemical Asymmetric Synthesis of Phenyl‐Bearing Quaternary Chiral Carbons Using Chiral‐Memory Effect on β‐Hydrogen Abstraction by Thiocarbonyl Group.
Authors: Sakamoto Masami , Kawanishi Hiroya , Mino Takashi , Kasashima Yoshio , Fujita Tsutomu
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Regioselectivity Control of Radiation‐Induced Reaction: Electron Beam‐Induced Fries Rearrangement of Sulfonamide within a β‐Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex.
Authors: Kato Jun , Kakehata Hiroyuki , Maekawa Yasunari , Yamashita Takashi
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed Reaction of Arylvinylidenecyclopropanes with Acetals: A Facile Synthetic Protocol for the Preparation of Indene Derivatives.
Authors: Lu Jian‐Mei , Shi Min
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Benzo[a]acecorannulene: Surprising Formation of a New Bowl‐Shaped Aromatic Hydrocarbon from an Attempted Synthesis of 1,2‐Diazadibenzo[d,m]corannulene.
Authors: Tsefrikas Vikki M. , Arns Steve , Merner Patrick M. , Warford C. Chad , Merner Bradley L. , Scott Lawrence T. , Bodwell Graham J.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reactions of 5‐[3‐(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]furan‐2‐carbaldehyde.
Authors: Gajdos P. , Miklovic J. , Krutosikova A.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Fluorinated Butanolides and Butenolides. Part 10. Convenient Synthesis of 3‐Fluoro‐4,5‐diphenylfuran‐2(5H)‐one (V) from Benzoin Ethers (I). Novel and Efficient Z—E Isomerization and Cyclization of 2‐Fluoroalkenoate Precursors, Substitution of Vinylic Fluorine.
Authors: Pomeisl Karel , Kvicala Jaroslav , Paleta Oldrich
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Mesogenic and Spectroscopic Properties of 2,5‐Disubstituted Thiophene Derivatives.
Authors: Han Jie , Wang Yan‐Mei , Wang Xiao‐Guang
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Method for the Synthesis of Functionalized 5‐Hydroxy‐1,5‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrrol‐2‐one: Reaction of an Enamine, Derived from Addition of a Secondary Amine to Dibenzoylacetylene, with an Arylsulfonyl Isocyanate.
Authors: Alizadeh Abdolali , Movahedi Farnaz , Masrouri Hassan , Zhu Long‐Guan
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Room Temperature Hydroamination of N‐Alkenyl Ureas Catalyzed by a Gold(I) N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complex.
Authors: Bender Christopher F. , Widenhoefer Ross A.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cyclization Reactions of Homopropargyl Azide Derivatives Catalyzed by PtCl4 in Ethanol Solution: Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrrole Derivatives.
Authors: Hiroya Kou , Matsumoto Shigemitsu , Ashikawa Masayasu , Ogiwara Kentaro , Sakamoto Takao
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Meso—meso Linked Core Modified 22π Smaragdyrins with Unusual Absorption Properties.
Authors: Misra Rajneesh , Kumar Rajeev , Chandrashekar Tavarekere K. , Suresh C. H.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tetramethylpyridiniumporphyrazines — A New Class of G‐Quadruplex Inducing and Stabilizing Ligands.
Authors: Goncalves Diana P. N. , Rodriguez Raphael , Balasubramanian Shankar , Sanders Jeremy K. M.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Facile Synthesis of New Substituted Tetrahydro‐1H‐indoles.
Authors: Attanasi Orazio A. , De Crescentini Lucia , Favi Gianfranco , Filippone Paolino , Golobic Amalija , Lillini Samuele , Mantellini Fabio
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Preparation of 2‐Arylindole‐4‐carboxylic Amide Derivatives.
Authors: Kuethe Jeffrey T. , Davies Ian W.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Silylative Dieckmann‐Like Cyclizations of Ester‐Imides (and Diesters).
Authors: Hoye Thomas R. , Dvornikovs Vadims , Sizova Elena
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Silica‐Supported Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Coupling of Arylboronic Acids with Imidazoles.
Authors: Zhang Li‐Yuan , Wang Lei
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave Induced, Solvent‐Free Knoevenagel Condensation of 4‐Oxo‐(4H)‐1‐benzopyran‐3‐carbaldehyde with Meldrum′s Acid Using Alumina Support.
Authors: Shindalkar S. S. , Madje B. R. , Shingare M. S.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pyridine‐2‐propanoic Acids: Discovery of Dual PPARα/γ Agonists as Antidiabetic Agents.
Authors: Humphries Paul S. , Almaden Jonathon V. , Barnum Sandra J. , Carlson Thomas J. , Do Quyen‐Quyen T. , Fraser James D. , Hess Mary , Kim Young H. , Ogilvie Kathleen M. , Sun Shaoxian
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
4‐Hydroxy‐2‐quinolones. Part 95. Synthesis, Structure, and Antitubercular Properties of Hetarylamides of 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐oxo‐1,2,5,6,7,8‐hexahydroquinoline‐3‐carboxylic Acid.
Authors: Ukrainets I. V. , Kolesnik E. V. , Sidorenko L. V. , Gorokhova O. V. , Turov A. V.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
4‐Hydroxy‐2‐quinolones. Part 96. Synthesis and Properties of 4‐Methyl‐2‐oxo‐1,2‐dihydroquinoline‐3‐carboxylic Acid.
Authors: Ukrainets I. V. , Sidorenko L. V. , Gorokhova O. V. , Shishkina S. V.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Synthesis of the Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor, A‐345665.0.
Authors: Rozema Michael J. , Fickes Michael , McLaughlin Maureen , Rohde Bridget , McDermott Todd
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrogen‐Bonded Helical Organic Nanotubes.
Authors: Pantos G. Dan , Pengo Paolo , Sanders Jeremy K. M.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Hydrophobic Broensted Acidic Ionic Liquids as Efficient and Reusable Catalysts for Organic Reactions in Water.
Authors: Gu Yanlong , Ogawa Chikako , Kobayashi Shu
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Biocatalytic Synthesis of Highly Enantiopure 1,4‐Benzodioxane‐2‐carboxylic Acid and Amide.
Authors: Liu Jun , Wang De‐Xian , Zheng Qi‐Yu , Wang Mei‐Xiang
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Transformations of Methyl 6‐Methyl‐2‐methylsulfanyl‐4‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydro‐3‐pyrimidinylacetate under Oxidative Conditions.
Authors: Jakubkiene V. , Vainilavicius P.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Development of 2‐Benzimidazole Substituted Pyrimidine Based Inhibitors of Lymphocyte Specific Kinase (Lck).
Authors: Sabat Mark , et al. et al.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activities of Novel Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines.
Authors: Li Juan , Zhao Yan Fang , Zhao Xiang Lin , Yuan Xiao Ye , Gong Ping
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Insecticidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Heterocyclic Derivatives of Quinazolinone.
Authors: Singh Tripti , Sharma Shalabh , Srivastava Virendra Kishore , Kumar Ashok
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Approach Towards Cytotoxic Furyl Macrolactones by Ring Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Krauss J. , Bracher F. , Unterreitmeier D.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Copper‐Catalyzed β‐Boration of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds: Rate Acceleration by Alcohol Additives.
Authors: Mun Soungyun , Lee Ji‐Eon , Yun Jaesook
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ligand‐Controlled, Complementary Stereoselectivity in the Platinum‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Silaboration of Alkenes.
Authors: Ohmura Toshimichi , Furukawa Hideki , Suginome Michinori
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
High Turnover Frequency Observed in Catalytic Enantioselective Additions of Enecarbamates and Enamides to Iminophosphonates.
Authors: Kiyohara Hiroshi , Matsubara Ryosuke , Kobayashi Shu
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
In vivo Antitumor, in vitro Antibacterial Activity and Alkylating Properties of Phosphorohydrazine Derivatives of Coumarin and Chromone.
Authors: Nawrot‐Modranka Jolanta , Nawrot Ewa , Graczyk Julita
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Xylogranatins A—D: Novel Tetranortriterpenoids with an Unusual 9,10‐seco Scaffold from Marine Mangrove Xylocarpus granatum
Authors: Yin Sheng , Fan Cheng‐Qi , Wang Xiao‐Ning , Lin Li‐Ping , Ding Jian , Yue Jian‐Min
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Progress Toward the Total Synthesis of Frondosin C.
Authors: Li Xin , Kyne Robert E. , Ovaska Timo V.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Convergent and Diastereoselective Synthesis of the Polycyclic Pyran Core (I) of Saudin (II).
Authors: Tambar Uttam K. , Kano Taichi , Zepernick John F. , Stoltz Brian M.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient Ring‐Closing Metathesis Reaction Based Approach to 1,2,2‐Trimethylcyclopentanemethanol. Formal Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Herbertene and (.+‐.)‐Cuparenes.
Authors: Srikrishna A. , Satyanarayana G.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Total Synthesis of Tubulysin U (Ia) and V (Ib).
Authors: Doemling Alexander , Beck Barbara , Eichelberger Uwe , Sakamuri Sukumar , Menon Sanjay , Chen Quin‐Zene , Lu Yingchun , Wessjohann Ludger A.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Total Synthesis of Azumamides A and E.
Authors: Izzo Irene , Maulucci Nakia , Bifulco Giuseppe , De Riccardis Francesco
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
First Synthesis of a Series of New Natural Glucosides.
Authors: Qu Meng‐Nan , Zhou Ling , Cao Xiao‐Ping
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Alternative Synthetic Routes to 2′,3′‐Didehydro‐2′,3′‐dideoxy‐5‐hydroxymethyluridine.
Authors: Chung Raymond , Anderson Karen S.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Concise Total Synthesis of the Lichen Macrolide (+)‐Aspicilin.
Authors: Dubost Christophe , Marko Istvan E. , Ryckmans Thomas
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Changing Faces of Halogenated Marine Natural Products: Total Synthesis of the Reported Structures (I) and (II) of Elatenyne and an Enyne from Laurencia majuscula.
Authors: Sheldrake Helen M. , Jamieson Craig , Burton Jonathan W.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
anti‐AIDS Agents 68. The First Total Synthesis of a Unique Potent anti‐HIV Chalcone (I) from Genus Desmos.
Authors: Nakagawa‐Goto Kyoko , Lee Kuo‐Hsiung
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hyosmin, a New Lignan from Hyoscyamus niger L.
Authors: Begum Ahil Sajeli , Verma Shweta , Sahai Mahendra , Asai Teigo , Hara Noriyuki , Fujimoto Yoshinori
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of the Entire Framework (IV) of Tartrolon B Utilizing a Silicon‐Tethered Ring‐Closing Metathesis Strategy.
Authors: Kim Yi Jin , Lee Daesung
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Simple Procedure for the Synthesis of 4‐Aza‐podophyllotoxin Derivatives in Water under Microwave Irradiation Conditions.
Authors: Tu Shujiang , Zhang Yan , Zhang Junyong , Jiang Bo , Jia Runhong , Zhang Jinpeng , Ji Shunjun
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)‐Cardiobutanolide.
Authors: Garg Ashish , Singh Ravi P. , Singh Vinod K.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Synthesis of (‐)‐Mitorubrin and Related Azaphilone Natural Products
Authors: Zhu Jianglong , Porco John A. Jr.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Fast Assembly of (‐)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate [(‐)‐EGCG] (VII) via Intra‐ and Inter‐Molecular Mitsunobu Reaction.
Authors: Ding Tong‐Jian , Wang Xiao‐Long , Cao Xiao‐Ping
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrogen‐Bonded Oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene) Functionalized with Perylene Bisimide: Self‐Assembly and Energy Transfer.
Authors: Zhang Jian , Hoeben Freek J. M. , Pouderoijen Maarten J. , Schenning Albertus P. H. J. , Meijer E. W. , De Schryver Frans C. , De Feyter Steven
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Al—Ni—Ru (Aluminum—Nickel—Ruthenium)
Authors: Raghavan V.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Al—C—Ni (Aluminum—Carbon—Nickel)
Authors: Raghavan V.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Al—B—Ni (Aluminum—Boron—Nickel)
Authors: Raghavan V.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Al—As—Ni (Aluminum—Arsenic—Nickel)
Authors: Raghavan V.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Materials Chemistry under High Pressures — Some Recent Aspects
Authors: Demazeau Gerard , Huppertz Hubert , Alonso Jose A. , Poettgen Rainer , Moran Emilio , Attfield J. Paul
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Fluorinated Natural Products with Clinical Significance
Authors: Thomas Craig J.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Further Advances in the Synthesis of Endocannabinoid‐Related Ligands
Authors: Mahadevan Anu , Razdan Raj K.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cation Radicals in the Synthesis and Reactions of Cyclobutanes
Authors: Bauld Nathan L.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cyclobutyl, Cyclobutyl‐Substituted and Related Carbocations
Authors: Siehl Hans‐Ullrich
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Heterogeneous Catalytic Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Activated Ketones
Authors: Bartok Mihaly
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave Flow Chemistry: The Next Evolutionary Step in Synthetic Chemistry?
Authors: Baxendale Ian R. , Pitts Michael R.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Fine Chemicals by the Conjugate Addition of Nitroalkanes to Electrophilic Alkenes
Authors: Ballini R. , Barboni L. , Bosica G. , Fiorini D. , Palmieri A.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Boron Goes on the Attack
Authors: Marder Todd B.
Published: February 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Physiological reactions of preschoolers to fear‐inducing film clips: Effects of temperamental fearfulness and quality of the parent–child relationship
Authors: Gilissen Renske , Koolstra Cees M. , van IJzendoorn Marinus H. , Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marian J. , van der Veer René
Published: February 2007

This study investigates young children's fright reactions induced by television. The central question concerns the degree to which the impact can be predicted by temperamental fearfulness and the quality of the parent–child relationship. Using a procedure for recording simultaneously skin conductance (SCL) and heart rate variability (RMSSD), 78 3‐ and 4‐year‐olds were shown two brief TV film episodes (one fear‐inducing and one emotionally neutral). The children responded to fear‐inducing film stimuli with an increase in SCL‐reactivity and a decrease in RMSSD‐reactivity. Furthermore, temperamentally more fearful children showed most electrodermal reactivity when their relationship with the parent was less harmonious. More fearful children were more susceptible to the quality of the relationship with their parent, which provides support for the differential susceptibility hypothesis. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 187–195, 2007.
Brain plasticity and recovery from early cortical injury
Authors: Kolb Bryan , Gibb Robbin
Published: February 2007

There is a general view that early brain damage leads to a far better outcome than damage later in life. Although there is a grain of truth to this idea, the reality is far more complex. We have identified a set of nine principles that underlie behavioral and anatomical changes after neonatal cortical injury as well as describing a variety of pre‐ and postnatal factors that modulate brain and behavioral plasticity after neonatal cortical lesions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 107–118, 2007.
Maternal stress and behavior modulate relationships between neonatal stress, attention, and basal cortisol at 8 months in preterm infants
Authors: Tu Mai Thanh , Grunau Ruth E. , Petrie‐Thomas Julie , Haley David W. , Weinberg Joanne , Whitfield Michael F.
Published: February 2007

There is evidence that the developmental trajectory of cortisol secretion in preterm infants is altered, with elevated basal cortisol levels observed postnatally through at least 18 months corrected age (CA). This alteration is possibly due to neonatal pain‐related stress. High cortisol levels might contribute to greater risk of impaired neurodevelopment. Since maternal factors are important for the regulation of infant stress responses, we investigated relationships between infant (neonatal pain‐related stress, attention, cortisol) and maternal (stress, interactive behaviors) factors at age 8 months CA. We found that interactive maternal behaviors buffered the relationship between high neonatal pain‐related stress exposure and poorer focused attention in mothers who self‐reported low concurrent stress. Furthermore, in preterm infants exposed to high concurrent maternal stress and overwhelming interactive maternal behaviors, higher basal cortisol levels were associated with poor focused attention. Overall, these findings suggest that maternal factors can influence the cognitive resilience at 8 months of preterm infants exposed to early life stress. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 150–164, 2007.
New (1‐Phosphanylferrocen‐1′‐ and ‐2‐yl)methyl‐Linked Diaminocarbene Ligands: Synthesis and Rhodium(I) Complexes
Authors: Labande Agnès , Daran Jean‐Claude , Manoury Eric , Poli Rinaldo
Published: February 2007

Two ferrocenylmethanols, [1′‐(diphenylthiophosphanyl)ferrocen‐1‐yl]methanol (3) and [2‐(diphenylthiophosphanyl)ferrocen‐1‐yl]methanol (6), have been converted in one step into the 1,1′‐ and 1,2‐ferrocenediyl‐linked thiophosphane/N‐R‐imidazolium salts 4a,b and 7a,b (a: R = Me; b: R = 2,4,6‐Me3C6H2 or Mes). This straightforward method allows the linkage of an imidazolium group to a ferrocene unit with a nonsubstituted methylene bridge. After desulfurisation of the phosphane group, the ligands reacted with an RhI precursor, in the presence of tBuOK, to give cationic complexes 9a,b and 10a,b. All compounds were characterised by elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The molecular structures of compounds 4a, 7a and 9a were determined by X‐ray crystallography. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Major depressive disorder is accompanied with oxidative stress: short‐term antidepressant treatment does not alter oxidative–antioxidative systems
Authors: Sarandol Asli , Sarandol Emre , Eker Salih Saygin , Erdinc Selda , Vatansever Ebru , Kirli Selcuk
Published: February 2007

Objective

The aim of the present study was to investigate the oxidative–antioxidative systems and effects of different antidepressants on these systems in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Method

Ninety‐six patients with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM‐IV) diagnosis of MDD and 54 healthy controls were included in the study. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and susceptibility of red blood cells (RBCs) to oxidation were determined to investigate the oxidative status, plasma vitamin E, vitamin C, serum total carotenoid levels, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), RBC superoxide dismutase (SOD) and whole blood glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured to investigate the antioxidative defence before and after 6 weeks of antidepressant treatment.

Results

Plasma MDA levels and susceptibility of RBCs to oxidation were significantly higher in the MDD group compared with the control group. RBC SOD activity was significantly increased in patients with MDD, and furthermore there was a significant positive correlation between the severity of the disease and SOD activity.

Conclusion

MDD is accompanied with oxidative stress; however, oxidative–antioxidative systems do not seem to be affected by 6 weeks of antidepressant treatment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of physiologically based pharmacokinetic models for use in risk assessment
Authors: Chiu Weihsueh A. , Barton Hugh A. , DeWoskin Robert S. , Schlosser Paul , Thompson Chad M. , Sonawane Babasaheb , Lipscomb John C. , Krishnan Kannan
Published: February 2007

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are sophisticated dosimetry models that offer great flexibility in modeling exposure scenarios for which there are limited data. This is particularly of relevance to assessing human exposure to environmental toxicants, which often requires a number of extrapolations across species, route, or dose levels. The continued development of PBPK models ensures that regulatory agencies will increasingly experience the need to evaluate available models for their application in risk assessment. To date, there are few published criteria or well‐defined standards for evaluating these models. Herein, important considerations for evaluating such models are described. The evaluation of PBPK models intended for risk assessment applications should include a consideration of: model purpose, model structure, mathematical representation, parameter estimation, computer implementation, predictive capacity and statistical analyses. Model purpose and structure require qualitative checks on the biological plausibility of a model. Mathematical representation, parameter estimation, computer implementation involve an assessment of the coding of the model, as well as the selection and justification of the physical, physicochemical and biochemical parameters chosen to represent a biological organism. Finally, the predictive capacity and sensitivity, variability and uncertainty of the model are analysed so that the applicability of a model for risk assessment can be determined. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transactivation of Src, PDGF receptor, and Akt is involved in IL‐1β‐induced ICAM‐1 expression in A549 cells
Authors: Lin Chih‐Chung , Lee Chiang‐Wen , Chu Tzu‐Hua , Cheng Ching‐Yi , Luo Shue‐Fen , Hsiao Li‐Der , Yang Chuen‐Mao
Published: February 2007

In previous study, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) has been shown to induce ICAM‐1 expression through MAPKs and NF‐κB in A549 cells. In addition to these pathways, transactivation of non‐receptor tyrosine kinase (Src), PDGF receptors (PDGFRs), and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt has been implicated in the expression of inflammatory genes. Here, we further investigated whether these different mechanisms participating in IL‐1β‐induced ICAM‐1 expression in A549 cells. We initially observed that IL‐1β‐induced ICAM‐1 promoter activity was attenuated by the inhibitors of Src (PP1), PDGFR (AG1296), PI3‐K (LY294002 and wortmannin), and Akt (SH‐5), revealed by reporter gene assay, Western blotting, and RT‐PCR analyses. The involvement of Src and PI3‐K/Akt in IL‐1β‐induced ICAM‐1 expression was significantly attenuated by transfection of A549 cells with dominant negative plasmids of Src, p85 and Akt, respectively. Src, PDGFR, and PI3K/Akt mediated the effects of IL‐1β because pretreatment with PP1, AG1296, and wortmannin also abrogated IL‐1β‐stimulated Src, PDGFR, and Akt phosphorylation, respectively. Moreover, pretreatment with p300 inhibitor (curcumin) also blocked ICAM‐1 expression. We further confirmed that p300 was associated with ICAM‐1 promoter which was dynamically linked to histone H4 acetylation stimulated by IL‐1β, determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Association of p300 and histone‐H4 to ICAM‐1 promoter was inhibited by LY294002. Up‐regulation of ICAM‐1 enhanced the adhesion of neutrophils onto A549 cell monolayer exposed to IL‐1β, which was inhibited by PP1, AG1296, LY294002, wortmannin, and helenalin. These results suggested that Akt phosphorylation mediated through transactivation of Src/PDGFR promotes the transcriptional p300 activity and eventually leads to ICAM‐1 expression induced by IL‐1β. J. Cell. Physiol. 211: 771–780, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ATP‐sensitive potassium channel: A novel target for protection against UV‐induced human skin cell damage
Authors: Cao Cong , Healey Sarah , Amaral Ashley , Lee‐Couture Avery , Wan Shu , Kouttab Nicola , Chu Wenming , Wan Yinsheng
Published: February 2007

Ultraviolet radiation (UV) induces cell damages leading to skin photoaging and skin cancer. ATP‐sensitive potassium (KATP) channel openers (KCOs) have been shown to exert significant myocardial preservation and neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo, and yet the potential role of those KCOs in protection against UV‐induced skin cell damage is unknown. We investigated the effects of pinacidil and diazoxide, two classical KCOs, on UV‐induced cell death using cultured human keratinocytes (HaCat cells). Here, we demonstrated for the first time that Kir 6.1, Kir 6.2 and SUR2 subunits of KATP channels are functionally expressed in HaCaT cells and both non‐selective KATP channel opener pinacidil and mitoKATP (mitochondrial KATP) channel opener diazoxide attenuated UV‐induced keratinocytes cell death. The protective effects were abolished by both non‐selective KATP channel blocker glibenclamide and selective mitoKATP channel blocker 5‐hydroxydecanoate (5‐HD). Also, activation of KATP channel with pinacidil or diazoxide resulted in suppressive effects on UV‐induced MAPK activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Unexpectedly, we found that the level of intracellular ROS was slightly elevated in HaCaT cells when treated with pinacidil or diazoxide alone. Furthermore, UV‐induced mitochondrial membrane potential loss, cytochrome c release and ultimately apoptotic cell death were also inhibited by preconditioning with pinacidil and diazoxide, and their effects were reversed by glibenclamide and 5‐HD. Taken together, we contend that mitoKATP is likely to contribute the protection against UV‐induced keratinocytes cell damage. Our findings suggest that KATP openers such as pinacidil and diazoxide may be utilized to prevent from UV‐induced skin aging. J. Cell. Physiol. 212: 252–263, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Micromachining with industrial picosecond lasers
Authors: Klimt Bernhard
Published: February 2007

Industrial picosecond laser pulses are used to micro‐machine virtually any material with high precision and minimal thermal impact. Best quality is achieved at low energy density near the ablation threshold. Economical throughput is achieved by very high pulse repetition rates. The effective pulse rate also can be increased by burst machining. For high quality with maximum throughput the proper selection of laser and process parameters is significant. Application rules and examples are discussed.
Efficient beam shaping for highpower laser applications
Authors: Homburg Oliver , Hauschild Dirk , Kubacki Frank , Lissotschenko Vitalij
Published: February 2007

High‐power laser sources are used in many applications for material processing, like annealing, welding, soldering, printing and micro‐machining. Additionally, they are widely used as illumination sources for metrology – e.g. LIDAR – and vision systems based on CCD cameras. In many of these applications homogeneous top‐hat, square, or rectangular light fields as well as light lines are indispensable or add strong advantages to the application. Based on computer‐aided design it is possible to manufacture high‐precision microlens arrays with free programmable surfaces today. Thus, specific beam profiles with superior uniformity and efficiency can be generated. Compact beam shaper modules with prealigned optics have been developed. High‐power diode laser systems for the NIR spectral region from 1 W to several KW are available with application‐specific beam shapes due to integrated micro‐optics. Special attention is put on compact and solid design for rough environmental conditions.
Generation of Terahertz radiation with two color semiconductor lasers
Authors: Hoffmann S. , Hofmann M.R.
Published: February 2007

We discuss and analyze concepts for the generation of tuneable continuous wave terahertz (THz) radiation with two color diode lasers. First, different geometries of two color lasers are reviewed. We show that the THz power of two color lasers in combination with external photomixers becomes sufficient for scanning THz imaging applications when optical amplification with a tapered amplifier is implemented. Then, the concept of direct emission of THz radiation out of a two‐color semiconductor laser is reviewed and the potential of this concept with respect to THz bandwidth and achievable THz power is critically analyzed.
Using switching detection and variational equations for the shooting method
Authors: Martinon Pierre , Gergaud Joseph
Published: February 2007

We study in this paper the resolution by single shooting of an optimal control problem with a bang‐bang control involving a large number of commutations. We focus on the handling of these commutations regarding the precise computation of the shooting function and its Jacobian. We first observe the impact of a switching detection algorithm on the shooting method results. Then, we study the computation of the Jacobian of the shooting function, by comparing classical finite differences to a formulation using the variational equations. We consider as an application a low thrust orbital transfer with payload maximization. This kind of problem presents a discontinuous optimal control, and involves up to 1800 commutations for the lowest thrust. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A phase II trial of carboplatin for intraocular retinoblastoma
Authors: Dunkel Ira J. , Lee Thomas C. , Shi Weiji , Beaverson Katherine L. , Novetsky Danielle , Lyden David , Finlay Jonathan L. , McCormick Beryl , Abramson David H.
Published: February 2007

Background

Retinoblastoma patients with RB1 germline mutations are at risk of developing second malignancies and external beam radiation therapy increases the risk. Carboplatin‐containing chemotherapy regimens in conjunction with local therapies have been investigated for intraocular retinoblastoma, but the lack of data regarding the efficacy of single agent intravenous carboplatin prompted this phase II study.

Procedure

Twenty‐five patients (43 eyes) were treated with intravenous carboplatin (18.7 mg/kg for patients < 12 kg, 560 mg/m2 for patients ≥ 12 kg). Patients received a median of two cycles of carboplatin (range one to five cycles) beginning at a median age of 5 months (range 14 days to 22 months).

Results

All patients were extraocular disease free during the follow‐up period (median 76.3 months). Responses were noted in 33 of 36 evaluable eyes (92%). The 5‐year overall ocular and ocular event‐free survivals were 93.3% (95% CI, 84.4–100%) and 43.5% (95% CI, 25.8–61.3%) for eyes treated for Reese‐Ellsworth (RE) group 1–3 disease and 25.0% (95% CI, 1.0–50.0%) and 8.3% (95% CI, 0–24.0%) for RE group 4–5 disease, respectively. No non‐hematopoietic serious or permanent toxicities related to the chemotherapy were observed.

Conclusion

When used as a neoadjuvant agent, carboplatin usually leads to objective responses of intraocular retinoblastoma. The 5‐year ocular event‐free survival appears inferior to other protocols using more extensive chemotherapy, but with greater radiation therapy usage, overall ocular survival rate for RE group 1–3 eyes was excellent. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;49:643–648. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recent developments in micromachining of fused silica and quartz using excimer lasers
Authors: Tseng Ampere A.
Published: February 2007

The characteristics and abilities of excimer lasers for micromachining of fused silica and crystal quartz are reviewed and their applications for making high‐precision and high‐quality microstructures are studied. In addition to the direct ablation technique, two special techniques: laser‐induced backside wet etching and laser‐induced plasma‐assisted ablation, are included in the review. In addition to the basic principle and equipment set‐up, the fundamental processing parameters for each technique are presented and evaluated. The importance of utilizing these parameters for micromachining is illustrated by developing specific formula for each technique in guiding each machining step for making different curved and arrayed structures for various industrial applications. The machined geometries and surface morphologies are also examined. The pros and cons of each technique are then discussed. Finally, recommendations for future efforts for better micromachining the fused silica and quartz are presented. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Two‐dimensional liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry set‐up for structural elucidation of metabolites in complex biological matrices
Authors: Kiffe Michael , Graf Daniel , Trunzer Markus
Published: February 2007

For absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) studies of drug candidates, mass spectrometry (MS) has become an indispensable tool for the characterization of biotransformation pathways. Samples from in vivo animal studies such as plasma, tissue extracts or excreta contain vast amounts of endogenous compounds. Therefore, the generation of metabolite patterns requires dedicated sample pre‐treatment and sophisticated separation methods. Methodologies used for metabolite separation are often inappropriate for structure elucidation. Therefore, a two‐dimensional liquid chromatography (LC) approach in combination with MS was developed. Study samples were analyzed using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the generation of a qualitative and quantitative metabolite pattern (first dimension) with high reproducibility and recovery without extensive sample pre‐treatment. Selected radioactive metabolite fractions were then applied to micro‐HPLC with off‐line radioactivity monitoring and subsequent MS detection (second dimension). Applying the two‐dimensional HPLC/MS approach not only major metabolites could be identified, even minor and trace metabolites were characterized. The usage of sampled metabolite fractions allowed also the re‐analysis of specific metabolites for additional investigations (e.g. H/D exchange experiments or product ion scanning experiments). It could be clearly shown that the two‐dimensional HPLC/MS approach showed mass spectra with higher sensitivity and selectivity significantly improving the characterization of minor and trace metabolites in in vivo ADME studies. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.