bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paulo Freire e a Educação: cem anos de dialogação, problematização e transformação
Authors: Carvalho Alexandre Filordi de , Gallo Silvio
Published: December 2021

Resumo O presente dossiê apresenta um conjunto de artigos visando a atualizar a força e a expressão do pensamento e da pedagogia freirianos para a educação contemporânea. A efeméride oportuniza o convite para que distintos campos da educação e seus pesquisadores, abrangendo letramento, educação de jovens e adultos, educação popular, fundamentos da educação, inclusão, educação etnicorracial, metodologias pedagógicas, didática, dentre outros, oportunizem sentido, alcance e atualização teórico-empírico ao vasto trabalho do patrono da educação brasileira. A revista Pro-Posições se soma às inúmeras homenagens feitas ao educador ao longo deste ano, reunindo um conjunto de artigos de autores brasileiros e estrangeiros que, longe da simples apologia à sua obra (tanto nos aspectos teóricos quanto nos práticos), investem em uma espécie de “atualização” do pensamento de Freire, ao trazer para o debate contemporâneo as operações de dialogação, problematização e transformação postas na mesa pelo educador brasileiro.
PRESUPUESTO DE EDUCACIÓN PÚBLICA Y MACROPOLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL CHILENA: HALLAZGOS Y DEBATES
Authors: Donoso-Díaz Sebastián , Arias-Rojas Óscar , Reyes-Araya Daniel
Published: December 2021

Resumen El trabajo analiza las tendencias del presupuesto público de Educación de Chile en el periodo 1999-2018, identificando la evolución seguida, precisando sus cambios y recurrencias en función de las principales macropolíticas educacionales implementadas, dimensiones escasamente estudiadas desde la política misma. El análisis se realiza a partir del procesamiento estadístico de las partidas presupuestarías y su consolidación en el tiempo. Se concluye estableciendo una relación entre los diversos hitos sociopolíticos experimentados por el país en este periodo, su incidencia en las propuestas presupuestarias en educación y la magnitud de algunas políticas, mostrando que, más allá de los aspectos técnicos, los presupuestos en educación son -en esencia- un instrumento clave de la política pública. El análisis confirma la gravitación que han tenido los movimiento sociales y estudiantiles en las políticas educacionales implementadas y la provisión financiera por el Ministerio de Educación.
Drivers of damselfishes distribution patterns in the southwestern Atlantic: tropical and subtropical reefs compared
Authors: Chaves Laís de C. T. , Feitosa João L. L. , Xavier Túlio F. , Ferreira Beatrice P. , Ferreira Carlos E. L.
Published: December 2021

Abstract Damselfishes are known keystone species of reef environments, however large-scale distribution patterns are poorly studied in the southwestern Atlantic. We evaluated main drivers of distribution of three conspicuous damselfishes, along tropical and subtropical coastal systems, in Brazil. Abundances were assessed against wave exposure, depth (within 1–7 m in tropical and 1–11 m in subtropical reefs) and benthic cover. Despite differences between systems, exposure and depth consistently explained damselfishes distribution. Stegastes fuscus, the larger damselfish species of the genus in the southwestern Atlantic, was dominant in both systems, inhabiting preferably shallow and sheltered reefs. Conversely, Stegastes variabilis occupied shallow habitats with higher exposure. Stegastes pictus was absent from tropical reefs sampled, inhabiting depths >7 m, in subtropical reefs. Species were weakly associated with benthic features, which poorly predicted changes in abundances. Regardless, S. fuscus showed association with articulated calcareous algae, and S. variabilis juveniles associated with erect macroalgae. Despite occurring in very distinctive reef systems, Brazilian damsels habitat requirements are consistent in both tropical and subtropical reefs. While highly persistent species, long term monitoring will inform us how they respond to pervasive global changes and human impacts along Brazilian reefs.
Cryptic speciation in populations of the genus Aphyocharax (Characiformes: Characidae) from eastern Amazon coastal river drainages and surroundings revealed by single locus species delimitation methods
Authors: Brito Pâmella S. , Guimarães Erick C. , Guimarães Karen L. A. , Rodrigues Luís R. R. , Anjos Marcelo R. , Katz Axel M. , Carvalho-Costa Luis F. , Ottoni Felipe P.
Published: December 2021

Abstract Recent studies in eastern Amazon coastal drainages and their surroundings have revealed new fish species that sometimes exhibit little morphological differentiation (cryptic species). Thus, we used a DNA-based species delimitation approach to test if populations showing the morphotype and typical character states of the Aphyocharax avary holotype correspond either to A. avary or A. brevicaudatus, two known species from the region, or if they form independent lineages, indicating cryptic speciation. WP and GMYC analyses recovered five lineages (species) in the ingroup, while a bPTP analysis delimited three lineages. ABGD analyses produced two possible results: one corroborating the WP and GMYC methods and another corroborating the bPTP method. All methods indicate undescribed cryptic species in the region and show variation from at least 1 to 4 species in the ingroup, depending on the approach, corroborating previous studies, and revealing this region as a possible hotspot for discovering undescribed fish species.
Posture-reading by men’s football goalkeepers and other factors in saving penalty kicks
Authors: Sequeira Manuel , Vallejo Sebastián , Fariña Richard A.
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Penalty kicks are often decisive in football matches. Therefore, any technique that yields an advantage either in scoring or saving them is of great importance. Here we show the influence of a training programme for goalkeepers on the probability of defending penalties in men's football. Virtual training was used through an app that shows the shooter at the moment of setting the support foot on the ground and requiring the answer of which side (right or left) the ball will be directed at. Complemented with physical training, four sub 21 professional goalkeepers from Santarém, Brazil, developed the ability to correctly choose the side (left or right) at which the ball will be aimed. Sets of 800 penalties were kicked before (acting as control group) and after the training programme and it was found that, after training, the chances of saving penalty kicks or, at least, choosing the correct side, increase dramatically. It is concluded that the training programme improved the goalkeeper’s ability to choose the correct side. Other factors (laterality and height) were not found to be statistically significant.
SYMPTOMS ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF MEGAESOPHAGUS IN CHAGAS DISEASE
Authors: OLIVEIRA Jaline de Araujo , GHARIB Aretuza Zaupa Gasparim El , DANTAS Roberto Oliveira
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Dysphagia is the most frequent digestive symptom in Chagas disease, although other symptoms are reported. These symptoms can be associated with the degree of radiological impairment of the esophagus and the duration of dysphagia. OBJECTIVE: This investigation aimed to assess the symptoms and the time of dysphagia related to the different degrees of megaesophagus in patients with Chagas disease. METHODS: A total of 29 patients aged 48 to 73 years participated in this investigation. All of them had dysphagia and a positive serum result for Chagas disease. They were submitted to the assessment of symptoms and radiological examination of the esophagus to assess the degree of megaesophagus, which ranged from I (mild change) to IV (intense change). Dysphagia was quantified with the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). RESULTS: Twelve (41%) patients had megaesophagus degree I, 9 (31%) had degree II, and 8 (28%) had degrees III (6) and IV (2). The intensity of dysphagia was not related to the result of the radiological examination, with EAT-10 median of 5.5 for the degree I, 9.0 for degree II, and 5.5 for degrees III and IV (P>0.25). Choking (14%), regurgitation (21%), voice complaint (21%), weight loss (17%), and odynophagia (17%) were not related to the degree of megaesophagus. Voice changes and odynophagia were related to the patients’ time of dysphagia. Likewise, the frequency of symptoms and EAT-10 values were related to the duration of dysphagia. CONCLUSION: The longer the patient had dysphagia, the more frequent were the symptoms reported by the patients. There was no relationship between the degrees of megaesophagus and the symptoms and intensity of dysphagia.
COMPARISON OF NON-ENDOSCOPIC SCORES FOR THE PREDICTION OF OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS OF UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEED IN AN EMERGENCY OF A TERTIARY CARE REFERRAL HOSPITAL: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: SACHAN Anurag , DHIBAR Deba Prasad , BHALLA Ashish , PRAKASH Ajay , TANEJA Sunil , SHARMA Vishal
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Traditionally peptic ulcer disease was the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleed but with the changing epidemiology; other etiologies of UGI bleed are emerging. Many scores have been described for predicting outcomes and the need for intervention in UGI bleed but prospective comparison among them is scarce. OBJECTIVE: This study was planned to determine the etiological pattern of UGI bleed and to compare Glasgow Blatchford score, Pre-Endoscopy Rockall score, AIMS65, and Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) as predictors of outcome. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study 268 patients of UGI bleed were enrolled and followed up for 8 weeks. Glasgow Blatchford score, Endoscopy Rockall score, AIMS65, and MEWS were calculated for each patient, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC) curve for each score was compared. RESULTS: The most common etiology for UGI bleed were gastroesophageal varices 150 (63.55%) followed by peptic ulcer disease 29 (12.28%) and mucosal erosive disease 27 (11.44%). Total 38 (15.26%) patients had re-bleed and 71 (28.5%) patients died. Overall, 126 (47%) patients required blood component transfusion, 25 (9.3%) patients required mechanical ventilation and 2 (0.74%) patients required surgical intervention. Glasgow Blatchford score was the best in predicting the need for transfusion (cut off - 10, AUC-ROC= 0.678). Whereas AIMS65 with a score of ≥2 was best in predicting re-bleed (AUC-ROC=0.626) and mortality (AUC-ROC=0.725). CONCLUSION: Gastrointestinal bleed was most commonly of variceal origin at our tertiary referral center in Northern India. AIMS65 was the best & simplest score with a score of ≥2 for predicting re-bleed and mortality.
HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCTION IN SCHOOL AND WORK PRODUCTIVITY RATHER THAN PHYSICAL IMPAIRMENT: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDY
Authors: OBA Jane , SOBRADO Carlos W , DAMIÃO Aderson O M C , AZEVEDO Matheus , CARLOS Alexandre , QUEIROZ Natália , LEN Claudio A , TOMA Ricardo K , DEBONI Mariana , OZAKI Marcos J , CARRILHO Flair José , NAHAS Sergio , SILVA Clovis A
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), comprising Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that often have their onset among adolescents and young adults (AYA). IBD are characterized by episodes of active disease interspersed with periods of remission, and its activity is inversely correlated with health-related quality of life (HRQL). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether AYA in remission or with low IBD activity would exhibit HRQL similar to that of age-matched healthy individuals, and whether demographic and disease factors could affect HRQL using a ‘patient-reported outcome’ instrument. METHODS: This study enrolled only AYA with IBD, with low activity. This research included five multidisciplinary clinics of two academic hospitals: Paediatric Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology, Coloproctology, Paediatric Rheumatology and Adolescent divisions, São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 59 AYA with IBD (age, 13-25 years) and 60 healthy AYA (age, 13-25 years) completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey questionnaires and the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. Demographic data, extra-intestinal manifestations, treatment, and outcomes regarding CD and UC were evaluated. RESULTS: AYA with IBD and healthy controls were similar with respect to median ages (18.63 [13.14-25.80] years vs 20.5 [13.68-25.84] years, P=0.598), proportion of female sex (42% vs 38%, P=0.654), and percentage of upper middle/middle Brazilian socioeconomic classes (94% vs 97%, P=0.596). The school/work score was significantly lower in AYA with IBD than in healthy controls (70 [10-100] vs 75 [5-100], P=0.037). The ‘general health-perception’ score was significantly lower in AYA with IBD than in healthy controls (50 [10-80] vs 0 [25-90], P=0.0002). The median VAS, FACES pain rating scale, and total VAS scores were similar between the two groups (2 [0-10] vs 3 [0-9], P=0.214). No association between HRQL and clinical and demographic parameters was identified among IBD patients. CONCLUSION: AYA with low IBD activity reported poor HRQL in school/work and general health perception domains, which highlights a disability criterion in this vulnerable population.
SURGICAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE TREATMENT OF RECTAL ENDOMETRIOSIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES
Authors: POPOUTCHI Pedro , MARQUES JUNIOR Oswaldo Wiliam , AVERBACH Pedro , CARDOSO FILHO Celso Augusto Milani , AVERBACH Marcelo
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a common disease in reproductive-age women and it is estimated to occur in up to 50% of those with infertility. Intestinal involvement is reported in up to a third of the cases. This condition is related to chronic pain and loss of quality of life, resulting in emotional, social and economic costs. Treatment consists of hormonal block and surgical resection, with variable side effects and efficacy. The best choice for surgical treatment for rectal endometriosis is a matter of discussion regarding the indication and the best technique to be employed. OBJECTIVE To summarize data on indications, results and complications of surgical techniques for the treatment of rectal endometriosis. METHODS: This comprehensive systematic review is a compilation of the available literature and discussion, carried out by a team with experience in the surgical treatment of intestinal endometriosis. Data regarding indications, results and complications of conservative and radical techniques for the surgical treatment of rectal endometriosis was carefully reviewed. Searches of PubMed, EMBASE, and CENTRAL up to May 2021 were performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that compared at least two of the three surgical techniques of interest (i.e., shaving, discoid resection, segmental resection). RESULTS: One RCT and nine case series studies with a total of 3,327 patients met the eligibility criteria. Participants ages ranged from a mean of 30.0 to 37.9 years old. Mean follow-up ranged from 1.2 to 42.76 months. With regards the methodological quality, overall the included studies presented a low risk of bias in the majority of the domains. Surgical treatment of rectal endometriosis is indicated for patients with obstructive symptoms and those with pain scores above 7/10. Patients with disease involving beyond muscularis propria of the rectum, documented in magnetic resonance imaging or transvaginal pelvic ultrasound with intestinal preparation, are candidates for discoid or segmental resection. The presence of multifocal disease, extension greater than 3 cm and infiltration greater than 50% of the loop circumference favor the radical technique. The distance from the lesion to the anal verge, age, symptoms and reproductive desire are other factors that influence the choice of the technique to be employed. The risk of complications and unfavorable functional results seems to be directly related to the complexity of the procedure. CONCLUSION: The choice of surgical technique performed for the treatment of rectal endometriosis is a matter of discussion and depends not only on the preoperative staging, but also on the patient’s expectations, risks and potential complications, recurrence rates and the expertise of the multidisciplinary team.
Currículo e Criatividade na Educação Superior
Authors: Garcia Joe
Published: December 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma investigação qualitativa teórica sobre currículo e criatividade na educação superior. A expressiva expansão desse nível de ensino, em diversos países industrializados, originou uma ampla agenda de pesquisas sobre a formação universitária, que englobam diversas questões a indagar, tais como sobre a educação para a criatividade. É nesse contexto que situamos esta investigação, que tem por objetivo analisar um conjunto de princípios para orientar o currículo, tendo em perspectiva sustentar o desenvolvimento da criatividade dos estudantes em cursos de graduação. Nas seções de fundamentação teórica do texto, são exploradas questões sobre criatividade e currículo, bem como o pensamento de teóricos destacados na literatura educacional internacional sobre tais temas. Na parte principal do artigo são apresentados e analisados três princípios teóricos gerais para orientar a elaboração de currículos da graduação, na perspectiva da educação para a criatividade. Eles foram sintetizados de um conjunto recente de investigações teóricas sobre currículo e criatividade na educação superior, com o auxílio de um método de análise qualitativa temática aplicada a um conjunto recente de investigações teóricas sobre currículo e criatividade na educação superior. Os princípios elaborados referem-se tornar o currículo aberto, líquido e inspirado em transdisciplinaridade. Segundo as análises teóricas do artigo, tais proposições trariam mudanças no alcance dos currículos da graduação, na sustentação do desenvolvimento da criatividade dos estudantes.
Modelo curricular formativo e integrativo na Odontologia: uma análise do ensino da Biossegurança
Authors: Jesus Leda Freitas de , Câmara Volney de Magalhães
Published: December 2021

As medidas de Biossegurança para prevenção e proteção contra os riscos ocupacionais na Odontologia são aprendidas durante o período de graduação. A importância de tais medidas ficou evidente na pandemia de COVID-19. Esta pesquisa transversal, exploratória e descritiva objetivou analisar a Biossegurança como componente curricular das faculdades de Odontologia brasileiras. População de estudo composta por coordenadores de cursos de graduação em Odontologia do Brasil. Coleta de dados por meio de um questionário online, entre novembro/2019 e fevereiro/2020. Os resultados foram analisados de forma descritiva e agregada. Dos 68 cursos respondentes, em 43 havia disciplina específica para Biossegurança, todas obrigatórias, 5 teóricas e 38 teórico-práticas. Principais motivos para existência da disciplina específica: importante para a formação/exercício profissional; estabelecimento de boas práticas de trabalho; apresentar conceitos/normas. Principal motivo para não haver disciplina específica: adoção de currículo integrado/interdisciplinar. Conteúdo programático mais extenso nos cursos com disciplina específica, com predomínio de tópicos relacionados a prevenção e controle de infecção em ambos os grupos. Entre as referências bibliográficas adotadas, houve predominância de livros-texto e de manuscritos produzidos por instituições governamentais brasileiras, com a maioria dos cursos informando revisarem rotineiramente as referências. Identificaram-se 28 nomenclaturas para a disciplina, ofertada principalmente nos períodos iniciais do curso e como pré-requisito para outras disciplinas. Considera-se ideal que no currículo dos cursos de graduação em Odontologia conste uma disciplina específica para Biossegurança, obrigatória, no primeiro ano e com reforço do tema ao longo do curso, principalmente nas disciplinas com atividades práticas. Sugerem-se alguns tópicos sobre Biossegurança para o conteúdo curricular.
Modelling of genotype by environment interaction to improve the recommendation of sugarcane cultivars for the state of Goiás, Brazil
Authors: Montes Rafael Ferreira , Breseghello Flávio , Duarte João Batista
Published: December 2021

Abstract The objective of this work was to identify environmental factors with significant effects on the genotype by environment interaction (GEI) of sugarcane, and to generate thematic maps yield adaptability of genotypes for the state of Goiás, Brazil, through the integrated use of factorial regression models and the geographic information system (GIS). The study was based on the yield of recoverable sugar (YRS) from cultivar field trials carried out in nine locations. Fourteen environmental factors were used, out of which 11 were divided into 10 crop growth phases, totaling 113 environmental covariates (ECs). The selection of ECs was done by successive simple linear regressions, and the respective genotypic sensitivity coefficients were used to generate adaptability maps. Approximately 57% of the GEI effects were related to the covariates longitude, average temperature at crop germination phase, and maximum temperature at the beginning of the phase of greatest growth. For YRS, the RB034128 and RB034021 clones show specific yield adaptations, and the RB034045 cultivar can share the growing area with the RB867515 check cultivar.
Yield of robusta coffee in different spatial arrangements
Authors: Espindula Marcelo Curitiba , Tavella Leonardo Barreto , Schmidt Raquel , Rocha Rodrigo Barros , Dias Jairo Rafael Machado , Bravin Maísa Pinto , Partelli Fábio Luiz
Published: December 2021

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the contribution of the number of stems to the composition of individual plant yield, and to individual and overall robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) yield at different planting densities, using a fixed number of stems per plant. The experiment was carried out in two phases. The first phase was performed from 2011 to 2015, in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste, in the state of Rondônia (RO), Brazil, to evaluate different numbers of stems per plant (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6). The second phase was conducted from 2013 to 2018, in the municipality of Alta Floresta D’Oeste, RO, to evaluate plant densities (at 1,666, 1,904, 2,222, 2,666, and 3,333 plants ha-1), with an initial density of four stems per plant in all treatments. The increase of number of stems per plant promotes a quadratic response to the average and cumulated yield of coffee plants, and the maximum yield is attained with four stems per plant. The number of stems should not exceed four, to avoid their tipping during years of high production. Plant density of 3,333 plants per hectare, with 4 stems per plant and 1 m spacing, promotes the reduction of individual plant yield; however, it results in higher overall crop yield.
CONCEPÇÕES DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E DE TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO EM CURRÍCULOS DE LICENCIATURA EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS
Authors: Amancio Andréia Pires , Vieira Darlene Ana de Paula , Costa Lorenna Silva Oliveira , Costa Renata Luiza da
Published: December 2021

Dentre diversos temas presentes no currículo da educação brasileira, são focalizados neste artigo as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) e a Educação Ambiental (EA), devido serem temas de profunda relevância para a sociedade contemporânea, o que os tornam de imprescindível apropriação pelos professores. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar resultados de pesquisa documental a respeito da presença e das concepções que fundamentam os currículos de formação inicial de professores. Para isso, foram selecionados dois projetos pedagógicos de cursos de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas de instituições públicas do Estado de Goiás. Orientados pelo materialismo histórico-dialético, foi possível perceber, em ambos os documentos, a preocupação em atender as exigências das legislações nacionais quanto aos dois temas, além da previsão de projetos interdisciplinares quanto à EA e a associação da qualidade do processo educativo ao uso técnico de TIC, independentemente da orientação pedagógica. Também identificou-se falta de clareza a respeito da implementação das abordagens transversal e interdisciplinar muito citadas e resultado consonante com as pesquisas anteriores de concepção, majoritariamente, instrumental.
Jogar como visitante ou estar perdendo a partida aumenta o pico de demanda física em jogadores profissionais brasileiros de futebol
Authors: Gonçalves Luiz Guilherme Cruz , Almeida-Neto Orlando de Paiva , Ferreira Ramom Medeiros , Bedo Bruno , Palucci-Vieira Luiz Henrique , Moraes-Neto Maxwell Viana , Rostaiser Eduardo , Aquino Rodrigo
Published: December 2021

A análise de jogo é caracterizada pelo estudo do treino e da competição, de modo a quantificar e qualificar a efetividade das suas ações, em todos os seus aspectos (e.g., tático-técnico-físico). É usada frequentemente em esportes coletivos para obtenção de informações objetivas sobre o desempenho dos jogadores e equipes, podendo auxiliar os treinadores no planejamento de sessões de treinamento mais representativas das demandas reais do jogo. Diversos fatores podem interferir no desempenho de uma equipe ou jogador, tais como as denominadas “variáveis contextuais”. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar os efeitos do mando de jogo, nível competitivo e resultado momentâneo sobre o pico de demanda física em jogos do Campeonato Catarinense e Copa do Brasil de 2021. Os dados de desempenho da corrida em jogo foram monitorados em 22 jogadores profissionais de futebol da categoria masculina durante duas competições: 1ª Divisão do Campeonato Catarinense de 2021, 1ª e 2ª Fase da Copa do Brasil de 2021. Os resultados encontrados mostram que os jogos realizados fora de casa apresentaram maior pico de distância total percorrida em comparação aos jogos em casa (p < 0,05). Em relação ao nível competitivo, não foram observadas diferenças significantes (p > 0,05). Nas análises dos resultados momentâneos, verificou-se que quando a equipe analisada estava ganhando a partida, os resultados de pico de distância total percorrida foram menores em comparação à quando a equipe estava perdendo. Conclui-se que partidas fora de casa e quando o resultado momentâneo é a derrota, promovem maiores exigências físicas aos jogadores. Os treinadores, portanto, podem usar essas informações para prescrever sessões de treinamento mais eficazes que contemplem as exigências reais do jogo.
Cognitive frames − inevitability or choice?
Authors: Łata Magdalena
Published: December 2021

The term cognitive framework has appeared in modern theories of cognitive psychology. In theories of cognitive linguistics, the theory of metonymy, metaphors and conceptual amalgams, is a fundamental structure that makes it possible to understand the meaning. However, the nature of the cognitive framework understood as the limitations of our cognition is a universal reflection tool that can be used in other fields, especially in philosophy. The article deals with issues related to the origin of the term, the construction material of the cognitive framework, the diversity of their occurrence and the possibilities of their transformation based on selected issues from epistemology, philosophy of science and philosophy of culture.
The concept of the frame in philosophical terms – the role of time and memory in human existence
Authors: Olewińska Katarzyna
Published: December 2021

In The Sound and the Fury William Faulkner writes: “Time is dead as long as it is being clicked off by little wheels; only when the clock stops, does time come to life.” The following words relate to the role of memory frames in human life. They also begin the analysis of the ideas of twentieth and twenty-first century philosophers such as Henri Bergson, Martin Heidegger, Paul Ricoeur and David Farrell Krell. Even though there is a strict reference to the Modernist thinkers, the author goes slightly deeper, reminding earlier concepts of Plato, Socrates, Aristotle and Protagoras. The second part of the article has been devoted to the notions connected with time frames and memory such as experiencing of the passage of time, reminding, forgetting, forgiving as well as postmemory.
Multiculturalism in the context of new theoretical and practical implications for career guidance
Authors: Solak Adam , Duda Wioleta
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on the issues of changes taking place in the field of career guidance, in particular in terms of theoretical implications for intercultural counselling. The consulting process, the importance of career counselling, educational counselling in working with a culturally different client requires reflection on the current reality and reflection on current and future changes. The article is an attempt to answer the question of what is expected from career guidance, which is used by people from a different culture, what are/what should be the direction of changes in career guidance, which faces a crisis related to the epidemic, a migration crisis, which will probably intensify due to the climate crisis.
Implementation of intercultural aspects into the curriculum of Polish sign language as a foreign language as exemplified by the MOOC
Authors: Irasiak Anna
Published: December 2021

This article presents the description of the course in Polish Sign Language conducted as an MOOC (Massive Open Online Course), and, in particular, the possibility of the implementation of inter-cultural aspects into the curriculum of Polish Sign Language as a foreign language with the application of this very formula. The technical structure of the course itself, and also methodological assumptions behind conducting it, are presented in this article as well. The description of the emplotment of the contents contained in it as a method of counteracting the phenomenon of abandoning the course and including intercultural contents into the curriculum of the course. What is discussed as well is the advantages resulting from including intercultural elements into instruction into Polish Sign Language.
Experiencing the multiculturalism of people of Jewish origin in the perspective of intergenerational transmission
Authors: Karkowska Magda , Krawczyk Agnieszka
Published: December 2021

In this paper we present the ways in which young adults of Jewish origin experience multiculturalism. Gaining such experiences helps to shape self-knowledge and to build narrative identity. We also analyze the role that different cultures play for the socialization of a young person. The following concepts constitute the theoretical axis of our article: cultural pattern, habitus, intergenerational transmission, communicative knowledge, conjunctive knowledge and multiculturalism. We supplement our consideration of them with data from interviews that were conducted in a community of young adults of Jewish origin. We refer primarily to such life experiences as: sources of knowledge about oneself and Jewish culture, intergenerational transmission, the sense of one’s own difference, giving meaning to one’s origin, the need for community, intellectualism and mysticism, and constructing one’s own identity. The research referred to falls within a qualitative orientation.
Intergenerational transmission of trauma in the experiences of young adult individuals of Jewish origin
Authors: Krawczyk Agnieszka
Published: December 2021

My research falls within a qualitative orientation. The purpose of this study is to show the ways and consequences of intergenerational transmission of trauma as reflected in the life experiences of young adults. Data were analyzed using a linguistic-narrative method. In this paper, I look at the intergenerational transmission of trauma in Jewish families as reflected in the life experiences of young adults. They see the consequences of trauma in their loved ones and in themselves. In the case of the former, they can be grouped into three categories: fear of disclosing one’s nationality, a special form of which is the prohibition on speaking about one's Jewish origin to one’s descendants and the change of name by one’s ancestors; overprotectiveness towards one’s descendants; and showing emotional distance from them. In turn, the consequences of trauma perceived in the self are: fear of strangers and overprotectiveness towards one's own children.
[rev.] Krzysztof Maliszewski (red.), Pedagogika kultury–wehikuł przebudzeń. O edukacji nie-obojętnej [Pedagogy of culture – vehicle of awakening. On non-indifferent education], Wydawnictwo Naukowe “Śląsk”, Instytut Myśli Polskiej im. W. Korfantego, Katowice 2021
Authors: Piasecka Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

The authoress of the text written in the form of a review essay identifies certain traces, assumptions, metaphors, rhetorical figures, symbols and categories in the content of the following chapters of the monograph, which make understanding it as a whole consistent. Thus, they form the horizon for reading cultural texts for education. They are, for example: borderlands, borders, journey, road, returns, childhood, imagination and body. The transgressive nature of culture enriches man, and the cultural pedagogy is a metaphorical vehicle of awakening that saturates education with the factor of non-indifference.
The role of methaphors in education, self-education and teaching on the example of skillful Buddhist pedagogical methods and means. [rev.] Paweł Zieliński: Aspekty pedagogiczne Sutry Lotosu [Pedagogical aspects of the Lotus Sutra], Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczego im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie, Częstochowa 2021 (ss. 192)
Authors: Olchanowski Tomasz
Published: December 2021

This article is a review of Paweł Zieliński’s monograph Pedagogical Aspects of the Lotus Sutra. The author focuses primarily on the study of skillful pedagogical methods and means (upaya-kausálya) used by Buddhist teachers in the processes of education, teaching and self-education. These methods, as noted by Zieliński, have not been sufficiently analyzed and researched by Western representatives of the humanities and social sciences.
Inter and Intra Rater Reliability of Different Measurement Techniques of Weight Bearing Ankle Dorsiflexion Range of Motion
Authors:   Clinical Physiotherapist in LH Hiranandani Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Rathi Aayushi , Sahasrabuddhe Priya ,   Assistant Professor, Smt Kashibai Navale College of Physiotherapy, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Published: December 2021

Background: Measurement of range of motion is a crucial parameter in the physiotherapeutic evaluation and follow up. Ankle dorsiflexion is important for functional activities like running, jogging, waking, stair climbing. Restricted ankle dorsiflexion is seen in various lower limb injuries. Therefore, assessment of dorsiflexion is important to assess function. Goniometer, tape measure, mobile goniometer, inclinometer is used to measure ankle dorsiflexion range of motion in weight bearing and non-weight bearing positions. Weight bearing dorsiflexion has reported higher intra and inter-rater reliability as compared to non-weight bearing ankle dorsiflexion. All these measures may be taken by the same and by different therapists in the management of one patient. Therefore, it is necessary to determine if the measurements used are reliable both within and between the therapists. Material and Methods: 50 healthy subjects were recruited and their role was explained in the study. Written consent was taken from all the subjects. Weight bearing lunge was done in which the subject was asked to stand with the heel in contact with the ground and the great toe 10 cm away from the wall and the knee touching the wall. Inclinometer, standard goniometer, mobile goniometer and tape measure were administered to check for ankle dorsifexion range of motion. Results: ICC for inter rater reliability was almost perfect for tape measure and goniometer (0.968 and 0.837 respectively) and it was substantial for inclinometer and mobile goniometer (0.746 and 0.796 respectively). ICC for intra rater reliability was almost perfect for tape measure, inclinometer and goniometer (0.965,0.894 and 0.837 respectively) and it was substantial for mobile goniometer (0.802). Conclusion: The inter-rater reliability of tape measure, goniometer is almost perfect and for mobile goniometer, inclinometer is substantial. The intra rater reliability of tape measure, inclinometer, goniometer is almost perfect and mobile goniometer is substantial. KEY WORDS: Dorsiflexion, Mobile goniometer, Tape measure, Goniometer, Inclinometer, Reliability.
Scapular Malalignment in Patients with Stroke: A Narrative Review
Authors:   Post Graduate Student, D.V.V.P. F’S College of Physiotherapy, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India., Kazi Eram N , Ganvir Suvarna S ,   Head of the Department, D.V.V.P. F’S College of Physiotherapy, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
Published: December 2021

Background: Scapular Malalignment leads to functional incapacity in stroke patients. This malalignment hampers the functional mobility and stability of shoulder joint in stroke patients due to which there is reduced range of motion and hampers activities of daily living in stroke patients. So, to investigate the extent of scapular malalignment in patients with acute, chronic and sub-acute stroke. Methods: Four databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Science Direct) were searched to identify eligible studies using the keywords Scapular Malalignment and Stroke. Only observational studies published in last 10 years (2010-2020) were included in this review. Results: Eight Studies, included in the review were conducted on patients with acute, sub-acute and chronic stage. The results showed that there is more of inferior angle tilting seen in patients with stroke and it increases with spasticity and alters functional mobility in patients with stroke. Discussion: All studies were consistent in using the appropriate tools for measurement of scapular malalignment. Literature showed scapular malalignment affects scapular balance angle, functional mobility of hand and range of motion in patients with acute, sub-acute and chronic stroke. Most of the literature includes patients with sub-acute and chronic stroke. There was no conflict of evidence observed among all articles. Conclusion: There is influence of Scapular malalignment on spasticity, duration of stroke, upper limb mobility, and range of motion in stroke patients. Scapular Malalignment is observed in acute, sub-acute and chronic rotation and there is more of inferior angle tilting and rotation of scapula observed. KEY WORDS: Scapular Malalignment, stroke.
Agglomerative Approach to Assessing the Degree of Criminalization of the Subjects of the Russian Federation: the Methodology of Statistical Analysis and Criminological Description
Authors: Teplyashin Pavel , Molokov Vyacheslav
Published: December 2021

Alongside a wide range of analytical crime research methods in criminology, the method of assessing the degree of criminalization of the subjects of the Russian Federation through an agglomerative approach to the features characterizing the indicators of regional crime is of special research interest. This method includes three stages: 1) sampling and processing empirical statistical indicators of regional crime; 2) clustering of regions by groups of criminological characteristics; 3) criminological analysis and summary of obtained results. In order to assess the criminalization of subjects and Districts of the Russian Federation, the authors use such indicators as the categories of crimes, as they are most informative ones regarding the degree of crime prevalence in the population. The calculations are based on crimes registered by category per 100 thousand residents in the corresponding subject or District.
The authors use three classes of criminal activity of population to present the results of clustering which reflects the minimal number of elements necessary for the discrete covering of all the variety of manifestations of criminal social prevalence and makes it possible to characterize groups of regions with high, medium and low levels of such prevalence. Calculation results allowed the authors to interpret classes as groups of subjects with a low (first class), medium (second class) and high (third class) level of criminalization of their population.
The authors also present the clustering of subjects and Federal Districts of the Russian Federation by coefficients of registered crimes of the corresponding categories. This clustering encompasses information in 2010–2020. The dynamics of the distribution of the subjects of the Russian Federation by class showed a wave-like transition of the specific weight of the corresponding classes and a stable growth of criminal prevalence in the population in 2019–2020. The scattering diagrams make it possible to use a trendline with linear parameters to show either a positive or a negative correlation of crime indicators.
The authors use the clustering of subjects to show that, among the Federal Districts, the specific weight of the third class is prevalent in the Siberian Federal District in 2010–2020. The presented methodology can be applied to create a probability model of predicting that a subject or a District will be in a certain class.
Age Criteria for Criminal Responsibility
Authors: Suturin Mikhail , Terentyeva Valeria
Published: December 2021

In the Russian legislation, age is a law-conferring fact. The authors analyze key legislative acts and their projects that should provide the legal framework regarding the age limits of the subject of legal relationships, as well as the dependence of the chronological age and the corresponding psychological and social changes that should form the basis for the choice of both maximum and minimum age limits for criminal responsibility. Currently in Russia there is an evident need for special criminological, socio-psychological research connected with defining changes in age-related features of modern adolescents. Their results will provide answers to many urgent questions. For example, how have adolescents changed as a result of generation approach? How have their understanding and attitude to key rules and norms of human coexistence changed? Ultimately, the results of such research will give us a better understanding of age-related features of adolescents that should be taken into account when determining the age for criminal responsibility. One of the factors determining the necessity of conducting complex research is the gaps and, sometimes, direct contradictions in the understanding of age limits of criminal and civil responsibility as well as the legal capacity of minors. Undoubtedly, such limits should be mainly connected with the ability of an adolescent to fully understand the key rules and norms of human coexistence and the limits of lawful behavior. The Russian legislation, however, interprets the grounds for the emergence of legal capacity, their connection with the psychological features of the adolescent. The contents of the term «age» differ in each specific branch of law, which has a general negative impact on the possibility of ensuring the rights and freedoms of the subject of special protection — a person who has not reached the age of 18 years.
Effective selection of countries in sub-Saharan Africa for new market entry by independent wind power producers
Authors: Lausberg Carsten , Evans Kathleen , De Jongh Enelge
Published: December 2021

When independent power producers (IPPs) assess new market entry opportunities, subjective decision making can result in an unfavourable outcome. Multi-criteria decision analyses (MCDA) objectify the decision process and help to achieve better results. The aim of this study is to determine and rank the most important criteria for market entry and then determine which selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa are most favourable for wind IPPs. A combination of MCDA methods was used to rank seven countries. Nineteen criteria, identified in the literature reviewed, were included in the analyses. In the first phase of the study an industry expert survey was conducted and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to rank the criteria in order of importance. In the second phase, a preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluation (PROMETHEE) was employed to rank the countries from most to least favourable for IPP market entry. The expert survey and AHP showed that political and economic criteria are more important than technical and social criteria. The PROMETHEE model ranked South Africa followed by Ethiopia as the most favourable markets for wind IPPs to enter. These countries have strong natural wind resources but only South Africa offers incentives specifically for on-grid renewable energy. The methods used in this study are not restricted to the wind industry and can be expanded to different technologies and industries to assist with decision making.
NON-STATIONARY BEHAVIOR OF A SOLID PROPELLANT CHARGE FOR NOZZLELESS SOLID ROCKET MOTORS UNDER GAS-DYNAMIC LOAD
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Voropaeva I.G. , Kozulin A.A. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Min’kov L.L. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Shrager E.R. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: December 2021

The numerical solution to a conjugate problem of an unsteady flow of combustion products in a flow path of the nozzleless solid rocket motor (SRM) and the oscillation of a solid propellant charge under the action of the forces directed from combustion products is considered. The Navier-Stokes equations for a compressible viscous gas are used to mathematically describe the flow of the combustion products. To model the charge oscillations, the equations of solid mechanics are applied, which take into account the propellant hyperelasticity. Pressure distributions and the propellant burning rate along the charge channel are presented for different models of the propellant burning rate. It is revealed that at the stage of SRM design, the use of the burning rate law, determined by pressure in the head of the combustion chamber, is more preferable in order to assess the internal ballistic characteristics. The solution to the conjugate problem shows that in the nozzleless SRM with the propellant having low Young's modulus, resonance can occur, which causes uncontrolled charge oscillations.
APPLICATION OF THE IMPLICIT METHOD OF CHARACTERISTICS ON A REGULAR GRID FOR SOLVING THE GAS-DYNAMIC PROBLEMS
Authors:   Institute of Applied Mathematics M.V. Keldysh RAS (Moscow, Russian Federation), Lipanov A.M.
Published: December 2021

In this work, an implicit method is proposed to numerically solve a system of the onedimensional nonstationary equations of gas dynamics transformed by the method of characteristics. Internal points of the channel for a solid-propellant charge are considered at a preignition period of the solid-propellant rocket engine operation. The use of the implicit method makes it possible to calculate the values of gas-dynamic parameters at nodal points of the regular coordinate grid. Calculations of the gas-dynamic parameters both when integrating over time and along the spatial coordinate are performed with the second order of accuracy. Both subsonic and supersonic flows are studied. It is shown that, when predicting the expected pressure value during the transition from one time layer to another with the second order of accuracy, the twenty-fold efficiency of the implicit method is achieved in comparison with the explicit difference method. The trial calculation is performed.