bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Making Sense of the Aurora: A Research Project
Authors: Friedman Robert Marc
Published: October 2015

The article provides an introduction to a on-going research project based at University of Tromsø that seeks to analyze the history of efforts to make sense of the aurora borealis from the early 1700s through to the Cold War. Following brilliant displays of the northern lights in the early eighteenth century, natural philosophers strove to explain this phenomenon that evoked widespread fear and superstition. It was not until well into the twentieth century that consensual explanation emerged for this, one of the great enigmas in the history of science. From the start, the quest to explain the aurora borealis became enmeshed with patriotic science and nationalist sentiments. The history of efforts to understand the nature and cause of the aurora poses a number of thematic problems. Being a fleeting and at times rapidly changing phenomenon, only occasionally seen south of far-northern latitudes, the aurora needed to be constituted as an object able to be brought into the domain of rational science. Observational accounts of the aurora came most often from by personsliving or travelling in the far north or in the Arctic, but these persons were generally not trained scientists: Whose witnessing counted and how was authority negotiated among professional scientists and amateurs?
Once were Warriors – a Model that Matters and a Mirror of Concerns
Authors: Ramstad Jorun Bræck
Published: October 2015

In  this  article,  I  will  focus  on  connections  between  media,  culture and society  in order to understand two prototypical Maori responses to the film. The two kinds of responses are captured in the following phrases: “The film should never have been made” and “That’s not fiction, that’s reality”. One of my objectives is to show how these particular Maori responses to this fiction-film are entangled with deep concerns about  ethnic  policies  and marginalization  in  general.  In  other  words,  the  film  is explored  as  a statement  about  Maori  –  Pakeha  inter-ethnic  relations  and ‘biculturalism’, which is the official term for the political  vision of the post-colonial nation. Subsequently, my analysis suggests insights from a deeper concern about the contexts  that  contribute  to  these  particular  Maori formulations  of  media-reality configurations, in addition to lessons of a more general character.
Women's Hidden Agency in the News Coverage of the Tibetian Riots
Authors: Vuontela Suvimarja
Published: October 2015

This mixed methods case study on the international newspaper coverage of women in the  Tibetan  riots  in  March  2008  analyses  to  what extent  women  are  represented according to prevailing gender stereotypes in conflict news. The study largely confirms news media’s gender bias, in that news media hides women’s agency. Women are either not included in the studied 62 articles from International Herald Tribune, China Daily, and  the  Tibet  Post  International, or represented according  to  prevailing  gender stereotypes, namely as passive feminine objects. Interestingly, Chi-square testing  reveals  that  the Tibet Post International, an online newspaper  run  by  Tibetan  exiles,  deviated from  the  general  tendency  by  representing remarkably frequent images of active Tibetan women. Around one-third (32 percent) of the Tibet Post  International’s articles  included press  photos featuring women and the clear  majority  (88  percent)  of  these  images represented  them  as  active.  However,  the qualitative  part  of  the study  tells  that  text  associated  with  the  newspaper’s  images  of active Tibetan women reduced these women’s perceived agency. When introducing text into  the  interpretation  of  these  images,  the  women in  many  cases  were  turned  into potential victims. This points out that text-image interaction is an often overlooked, yet integral part of assigning meaning in conflict news.
"Naturfolk" i teori og praksis: skildringen av samene og den nordlige naturen i Knud Rasmussens Lapland
Authors: Brøgger Fredrik Christian
Published: October 2015

This article focuses on the portrayal of reindeer Sami in the Danish explorer Knud Rasmussen's early book Lapland from 1907, a work that has received relatively little attention in Rasmussen scholarship. His characterizations of the Sami reflect conventional, paternalistic ideas of race and culture at the turn of the century as well as romantic-sentimental conceptions of indigenous peoples as noble savages. Rasmussen is a lively storyteller, however, and the immediacy and vividness of his depictions simultaneously open up for perspectives that, at least partly, serve to undermine traditional stereotypes. If read closely, Rasmussen's narrative evinces clear tensions between its conventional generalizations about the reindeer Sami as an indigenous people and the direct, phenomenological descriptions that are the products of Rasmussen's actual encounter with them. At the same time his instinctive sympathy for the Sami is enlarged by his own, deeply personal yearning for a life style and culture grounded in Northern cold and winter, which he encountered growing up in Greenland and which runs like a leitmotif through all his writing.
Æventyrlig
Authors: Bø Gudleiv
Published: October 2015

Knutsen, Nils Magne: Litteratur i Æventyrland. Artikler om nordnorsk litteratur.
De inedito atque ignoto carmine Sigismundi Chisii, 1649–1678
Authors: Sacré Theodoricus
Published: October 2015

This article presents an unpublished Neo-Latin poem written by Sigismondo Chigi (1649–1678), a nephew of Fabio Chigi or Pope Alexander VII (1655–1667). It was written in Rome in the early 1660s and deals with the times of Agostino Chigi il Magnifico, one of the richest persons in the Roman world of the early sixteenth century. Sigismondo’s humorous poem is considered against the background of the Latin poetry of his uncle, the later Pope, who tutored Sigismondo’s Latin studies, handed over his own poetry and other Latin writings to his nephew, and tried to make him aware of the importance of the Chigi family in a Roman context. The poem is preserved in a Vatican manuscript.
Colloquia familiaria aetate litterarum renatarum scripta ne spernamus!
Authors: Tunberg Terentius
Published: October 2015

We hope to bring to the attention of modern readers a genre of works composed in great numbers during the Renaissance, which were designed to complement the practice of conversational Latin. We single out these particular texts, because, in our opinion, teachers of Latin in our own time can still find them useful. They take the form of simple dialogues which are usually brief. They are typically called colloquia, and are filled with pure and idiomatic Latin phrases pertaining to daily life. The most famous humanists of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, including Erasmus, Vives, Corderius, Sturmius, Pontanus among others, are numbered among the authors of colloquia. We hope to outline the main features of these texts, to explain why they were published in such large numbers in the humanistic age, and what benefits students and teachers of Latin today can gain from such colloquia.
De lingua Latina deque spiritualitate Benedictina fundamentis Europae
Authors: Albert Sigrides
Published: October 2015

Latin and Benedictine spirituality: Foundations of Europe. Europe has many shared roots. Among these roots both the Latin language and the spirituality of Saint Benedict are of importance. This article discusses how this came to pass and illustrates the kind of impact the Latin language and the spirituality of Saint Benedict has had on our culture. In dealing with these subject matters the author outlines several significant historical circumstances. Finally, there is a brief discussion regarding what conclusions that should be drawn and how these might serve as inspiration for us today.
Quid de rebus Norvegiae in Nuntiis Finnorum Latinis (1989–2014) relatum sit
Authors: Pitkäranta Reijo
Published: October 2015

News pertaining to Norway reported in the Finnish Nuntii Latini, 1989–2014. The Nuntii Latini is a five-minute long, weekly news bulletin which the Finnish Broadcasting Company (Yle) has been broadcasting under the editorship of Tuomo Pekkanen and Reijo Pitkäranta for the last 25 years, ever since 1989 (http://yle.fi/nuntii). The texts covering the first ten-year period (1989–1999) were published in a book series of five volumes. In the preface to vol. IV one finds the opinions of various foreign colleagues concerning these news bulletins. One of these is Synnøve des Bouvrie, who praises them as “highly useful for learning living Latin”. Norwegian subject matters have been treated almost 70 times in these emissions, that is two or three times per year. National celebrations commemorating Norway’s independence, such as the hundredth anniversary of the dissolution of the union with Sweden (2005) and the two hundredth anniversary of the Constitution (2014), have been reported. Various news about the royal family has figured as well; so have parlamentary decisions and strains in the relations between Norway and other far-northern territories. Much space has been allotted to the Norwegian Nobel Committee and its laureates, not least in the year 2008, when Martti Ahtisaari of Finland received the Nobel Peace Price. We have also reported how the Norwegians have succeeded in various international surveys, such as how the countries of the world fared in terms of the equality of men and women, economic prosperity, public health, and general welfare. Nor have we avoided to give publicity to the many glorious victories that Norwegian athletes (such as Dæhli and Thorkildsen) have made in various competitions. Likewise, Magnus Carlsen’s great achievement when becoming the world’s Number 1 in chess has been praised. It would have been impossible if sad disasters that have befallen Norway were not carefully treated as well. More than anything the hideous crime that Anders Behring Breivik committed in the summer of 2011 belong in this category. However, even devastating storms, natural disasters, and conflagrations which took their toll on the population and nature, have figured in our Nuntii Latini.
Mythic gaps
Authors: Hansen William
Published: October 2015

Different kinds of omissions sometimes occur, or are perceived to occur, in traditional narratives and in tradition-inspired literature. A familiar instance is when a narrator realizes that he or she does not fully remember the story that he or she has begun to tell, and so leaves out part of it, which for listeners may possibly result in an unintelligible narrative. But many instances of narrative gap are not so obvious. From straightforward, objective gaps one can distinguish less-obvious subjective gaps: in many cases narrators do not leave out anything crucial or truly relevant from their exposition, and yet readers perceive gaps and take steps to fill them. The present paper considers four examples of subjective gaps drawn from ancient Greek literature (the Pandora myth), ancient Roman literature (the Pygmalion legend), ancient Hebrew literature (the Joseph legend), and early Christian literature (the Jesus legend). I consider the quite varied ways in which interpreters expand the inherited texts of these stories, such as by devising names, manufacturing motives, creating backstories, and in general filling in biographical ellipses. Finally, I suggest an explanation for the phenomenon of subjective gaps, arguing that, despite their variety, they have a single cause.
Ibsen, in other words
Authors: Farah Nuruddin
Published: October 2015

Ibsen, in other words.
Cinematography in Motherhood: a Hong Kong film adaptation of Ghosts
Authors: Tam Kwok-kan
Published: October 2015

This is a study of a Hong Kong Chinese film adaptation of Ghosts made in 1960. It deals with processes of cross-cultural and cross-media adaptation, and probes issues of how stage techniques are turned into cinematographic devices. Ibsen’s plays, except Ghosts, have been adapted numerous times for the Chinese stage and screen in Hong Kong and China. Unlike in China, the reception of Ibsen in Hong Kong is not meant for political purposes. In most Hong Kong adaptations, Ibsen is valued for the purpose of theatrical experimentation. Among the stage adaptations, A Doll’s House and The Master Builder are the most popular. However, there was a film adaptation of Ghosts in 1960, which has never been discussed in Ibsen scholarship. In this adaptation, Director Tso Kea borrowed the plot from Ghosts and made a perfect Chinese melodrama film highlighting the Chinese emotions and relations in a wealthy family that undergoes a crisis. In traditional Chinese drama, there is the lack of psychological rendering in characterization and characters act according to moral considerations. In Tso Kea’s film, the portrayal of the mother provides a new sense of characterization by combining Mrs Alving with the traditional Chinese mother figure. The borrowing from Ibsen makes it possible for the Chinese film to create a character with emotional and psychological complexities. Images from the film are selected as illustration in the article.
Framing the Arctic: Reconsidering Roald Amundsen’s Gjøa Expedition Imagery
Authors: Høvik Ingeborg
Published: October 2015

In 1906 Roald Amundsen’s Gjøa Expedition returned to Norway after three years in the Arctic. The first to complete a Northwest Passage by sea, the expedition also brought back a substantial amount of ethnographic material concerning the Netsilik Inuit, with whom Amundsen and his crew had been in sustained contact during their stay on King William Island in Nunavut between 1903 and 1905. This material included a large number of photographs, forty-two of which were included as illustrations in his expedition narrative, titled Nordvest-passagen and first released in Norwegian in 1907. Focusing on a selection of published and unpublished photographs from Amundsen’s voyage and their interrelationships, this article examines the degree to which the Gjøa Expedition’s use of photography formed part of a planned project that intersected with anthropological concerns and practices of its time. My purpose is further to demonstrate that there is a discernible change in the representation of indigeneity that occurs when particular photographs were selected and then contextually reframed as illustrations in Nordvest-passagen. On the one hand, the extensive body of photographs taken in the field elaborates the close interaction between crew and Inuit recorded in Amundsen’s personal diary and published narrative, testifying to the existence of an active and dynamic contact zone. In this regard, the original photographs could arguably be read as a dialogic portrayal of the unique individuals Amundsen’s crew met while in the Arctic. On the other hand, a peculiar distancing seems to have taken place as the Gjøa Expedition’s photographs were selected and reproduced as illustrations for Amundsen’s expedition narrative. Likely connected to a desire to match his expedition narrative to existing scientific visual and literary conventions, this shift suggests Amundsen’s attempts through textual and visual means to deny the Netsilik Inuit’s coevalness.
Images of the Arctic
Authors: Kjeldaas Sigfrid
Published: October 2015

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Gendered Arctic
Authors: Kjeldaas Sigfrid
Published: October 2015

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Knut Hamsun og Bulgaria: Om den tidlige Hamsun-resepsjonen i et land på Balkan
Authors: Tetimova Evgenia
Published: October 2015

The paper investigates the main problems of Knut Hamsun's reception in Bulgaria. It is an attempt to classify the language peculiarities in the works of the Norwegian writer and their delivering by translation into Bulgarian, which was made in the context of the culture transfer. Materials of the research are the original texts and all accessible translations to Bulgarian: works of art analyzed here from linguistic point of view by a linguostylistic analyze.
Kvalitative aspekter ved innføring av mobile røntgentjenester til sykehjem. En studie av tre faggruppers forventninger.
Authors: Thingnes Elin Rødahl , Stalsberg Ragna
Published: October 2015

Bakgrunn: Det er et nasjonalt mål å øke kvaliteten i helsetjenesten for eldre gjennom å bedre samhandlingen mellom kommunalhelsetjenesten og spesialisthelsetjenesten. For å lette belastningen på eldre i sykehjem, er et av tiltakene å tilby mobile røntgentjenester til sykehjemmene, som et alternativ til røntgenundersøkelse på sykehus. Hensikt: Å belyse aspekter som oppleves viktige for sykepleiere, hjelpepleiere og radiografer ved innføring av mobile røntgentjenester til sykehjem.
Metode: Tre fokusgruppeintervju med henholdsvis seks radiografer, fem sykepleiere og seks hjelpepleiere.
Resultat: Trygghet for bruker og behandler/pleier, kontinuitet i samarbeidet og effektiv ressursbruk framtrer som de viktigste felles forventningene. De tre faggruppene peker til dels på forskjellige elementer, men har et felles overordnet fokus på tjenestens kvalitet.
Konklusjon: Selv om innføringen av mobile røntgentjenester til sykehjem krever gode rutiner for samarbeid og kontinuitet mellom alle ledd, har tjenesten et stort potensial for å bidra til kvalitetsutviklingen i helsetjenesten for eldre.
«Den gamle kroppen» - Sykepleierstudenters tanker om eldreomsorg som fremtidig arbeidsplass.
Authors: Bruun Stine Gjessing , Skaalvik Mari Wolff
Published: October 2015

Artikkelens hensikt og mål er å beskrive hvordan sykepleierstudenter erfarer at sykepleierutdanningen påvirker deres holdninger til gamle mennesker, og til den kommunale eldreomsorgen som fremtidig arbeidsplass. Studentuttalelsene danner grunnlag for diskusjon om hvordan innholdet i sykepleierutdanningen kan bidra til å utvikle studentenes holdninger til eldreomsorg som karrierevei. Artikkelen er basert på førsteforfatterens masteroppgave der kvalitative intervjuer ble gjennomført med fire tredjeårsstudenter ved en norsk sykepleierutdanning. I analysen av datamaterialet ble et fenomenologisk- hermeneutisk perspektiv lagt til grunn. Informantene fremhever at geriatri har stått sentralt i undervisningen om gamle, og at perspektivet om kroppen som levd liv ikke oppleves å ha hatt en sentral plass. Informantens utsagn tolkes til at de savner dette perspektivet i undervisningen.
Ung voksen med Revmatoid Artritt
Authors: Birkeland Mari Hellesen , Marsfjell Anneli Knudsen , Stalsberg Ragna
Published: October 2015

Bakgrunn: Livet som ung med Revmatoid artritt (RA) kan være krevende. Å studere unge voksne RA-pasienter som opplever velvære, antas å kunne gi nyttig kunnskap om mestringstrategier.

Hensikt: Å beskrive unge voksne RA-pasienters utfordringer, og utforske mestringsstrategier de bruker for å opprettholde velvære, både generelt og ved ulik sykdomsaktivitet.

Metode: Fokusgruppeintervju med fire personer med RA i aldersgruppen 23-33 år.

Resultat: Legitimering av egen sykdom overfor jevnaldrende er utfordrende, særlig fordi fritidsaktiviteter ses som viktig. For å opprettholde velvære, ser de sykdomserfaringene som noe positivt som kan benyttes i andre sammenhenger, de prioriterer og setter grenser for hvilke aktiviteter de deltar i, de skifter bevisst fokus for å glemme smerte og sykdom, tenker positivt, utnytter gode dager, finner nye mestringsområder og bruker den sosiale støtten de får.

Konklusjon: Unge voksne som opplever velvære tross RA-diagnose har en tendens til å framheve mulighetene framfor å fokusere på begrensningene diagnosen gir
Refleksjonsgrupper for sykepleierstudenter i klinisk praksis; en læringsarena for dannelse mellom teori - og praksisfelt
Authors: Mæhre Kjersti Sunde , Storli Sissel Lisa
Published: October 2015

<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: NO-BOK; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Artikkelen handler om hvorvidt, og på hvilken måte refleksjonsgrupper med sykepleierstudenter og sykepleielærer i spesialisthelsetjenesten er virksomme i oppøving til å bli en kyndig sykepleier. Studentenes ukentlige refleksjonsmøter i løpet av deres medisinske praksisperiode er blitt til i løpet av et pedagogisk aksjonsforskningsprosjekt (2006 – 2009), kalt ”Når praksisfelt og skole flyter sammen”. Studentevalueringer og loggdata viste at refleksjonsgruppene var viktige for studentenes læring, men sa lite om på hvilken måte. Dette ble utforsket gjennom et fokusgruppeintervju med 8 studenter. Det utkrystalliserte seg fem tema: Å utvikle kunnskap, Erfaringslæring, Anerkjennelse av egen sårbarhet, Å oppøve faglig skjønn og Å være i bevegelse mot profesjonell yrkesutøvelse. I en sammenfattende tyding fremkom Dannelse som et overordnet tema. Refleksjonsrommet drøftes som en dannelsesarena, en ”refleksjonsoase”, hvor studentene erfarer at de får et personlig og reflektert forhold til kunnskapene de erverver seg. Kunnskaper og dannelse vil da sammen, og i vekselvirkning med hverandre, hjelpe dem mot en bedre yrkesutøvelse. 
Kjønnsforskjeller i psykisk helse i norske fengsler
Authors: Amundsen Marie-Lisbet
Published: October 2015

Sammendrag

Artikkelen er basert på to studier blant 316 innsatte i syv norske fengsler. Hensikten er å se om det er mulig å finne kjønnsforskjeller når det gjelder spørsmål om opplevelse av egen psykisk helse. Funnene indikerer at det ikke er kjønnsforskjeller når det gjelder spørsmål om temperament, og økonomiske, sosiale, og helsemessige problemer knyttet opp mot bruk av rusmidler.

 

Når det gjelder spørsmål om angst, alvorlig depresjon og selvmordstanker, er det imidlertid store, signifikante kjønnsforskjeller. Kvinner sliter i større grad med angst, alvorlig depresjon og selvmordstanker før soning, og dobbelt så høy andel kvinner som menn har forsøkt å ta sitt eget liv i denne perioden. Under soningsoppholdet sliter imidlertid dobbelt så høy andel menn som kvinner med selvmordstanker.
Familie og kontinuitet: Pårørende forteller om livsløpet til personer med demenssykdom
Authors: Drageset Ingrid , Normann Ketil , Elstad Ingunn
Published: October 2015

Artikkelen bygger på intervju av nære pårørende om livsløpet til pasienter med demenssykdom som bor i sykehjem i Nord-Norge. De pårørende ble spesielt spurt om pasientenes vaner, interesser og aktiviteter gjennom livsløpet. Det ble utført narrativ analyse av intervjuene med vekt på fortolkning av livsløp og livshendelser hos pasientene. Artikkelen viser hvordan pårørende konkret bidrar til å videreføre kontinuiteten i livsløpet til pasienten, samtidig som det kommer fram hvordan denne kontinuiteten også har stor betydning for pårørende i deres eget liv. Artikkelen viser og at for at pasienten skal oppleve kontinuitet i eget liv etter flytting til sykehjem, er det viktig med en form for kontakt med hjemplass og landskap, og at det gis rom for tradisjoner og livshistorie.
Opplevelse av brukermedvirkning i sykehus
Authors: Bjørsland Bente , Wilde-Larsson Bodil , Kvigne Kari
Published: October 2015

Hensikt: Å få økt kunnskap om hvordan pasienter innlagt i sykehus på grunn av forverring av KOLS har erfart å medvirke i helsehjelpen. Når pasienter får nødvendig kunnskap om sin sykdom bidrar det til medvirkning. Det foreligger lite kunnskap om brukermedvirkning fra norske sykehusavdelinger, og hvordan og ved hvilke anledninger pasientene skal kunne medvirke.

Metode: Studien har en kvalitativ, beskrivende design. Kvalitativt forskningsintervju ble benyttet som datasamlingsmetode. Analysen er inspirert av Malteruds systematiske tekstkondensering. 

Resultater: Informantene erfarte medvirkning når de var tydelige på egne behov og bevisst egen kunnskap, mens de opplevde at pustebesvær, manglende krefter og lav tiltro til egen erfaring hemmet medvirkning. Pasientene opplevde at sykepleierne fremmet deres medvirkning ved å vise omsorg og forståelse, ved at de var kjent for pasienten og hadde tid. Travelhet og mangel på respekt ble erfart som et hinder for medvirkning.

Konklusjon: Informantenes opplevelse av medvirkning hang sammen med faktorer både hos dem selv og hos sykepleier. Pasientene bør utfordres til å være aktive og ha tiltro til egen kunnskap, og sykepleierne bør bli mer lyttende. Både pasientrollen og hjelperollen må endres slik at sykepleier og pasient blir mer likeverdige partnere.
Aktivitetsbasert pedagogikk; en studie av bachelorstudenters utvikling av handlingskompetanse gjennom aktivitetsbasert pedagogikk
Authors: Hjelle Kari Margrete , Munkner Diana , Alsaker Sissel
Published: October 2015

Målet med artikkelen er å synliggjøre hvordan bachelorstudenter i ergoterapi kan utvikle profesjonell handlingskompetanse gjennom aktivitetsbasert pedagogikk. På bakgrunn av dette gjennomførte vi kvalitative fokusgruppeintervju med 12 ergoterapeutstudenter som hadde deltatt i undervisningsopplegget “Aktivitetsgrupper-lede og delta”. Datamaterialet ble analysert etter retningslinjer for fenomenologisk basert meningskondensering. Studentene diskuterte sine erfaringer og det kom tydelig fram at undervisningsopplegget ga dem muligheter til å bruke sitt engasjement og sin kreativitet i valg av aktiviteter for sin simulerte aktivitetsgruppe. Videre fikk de muligheter til å oppdage sider ved anvendelse av aktiviteter for ulike pasienter, som de ikke kunne forstå uten integrering av teori i praktisk ferdighetstrening. Ved planlegging, gjennomføring og refleksjon over å lede og delta i aktivitetsgrupper, oppøvet de evnen til handlingsrefleksjon. Aktivitetsbasert pedagogikk kan bidra til utvikling av profesjonell handlingskompetanse og det er behov for både teoretiske og praktiske læringsformer. Funnene ble diskutert i lys av pedagogisk handlingsteori. 
Når det intime blir offentlig. Kvinners erfaringer med åpenhet om brystkreft
Authors: Johansen Venke Frederike , Andrews Therese Marie , Haukanes Haldis
Published: October 2015

Det er i dag åpenhet omkring tema som tidligere var private og tabubelagte, blant annet gjelder det sykdom og problematiske livsforhold. Den rådende oppfatning er at åpenhet på disse områdene er til det gode. Helsemyndigheter og pasientforeninger oppfordrer til åpenhet, men hva det innebærer blir i liten grad diskutert. Spørsmål om private grenser og mulige negative konsekvenser som følge av åpenhet er nærmest fraværende i offentlig helsedebatt. Denne artikkelen handler om hvordan brystkreftrammede kvinner har erfart åpenhet omkring egen sykdom. Datamaterialet er skaffet til veie gjennom etnografiske intervju med 28 kvinner og avdekker positive erfaringer, som optimisme og sosial støtte samt negative, som mismot, påminnelser om døden og grensekrenkelser. Funnene blir analysert og diskutert med begreper som berører privat/offentlig dimensjonen. Ettersom de negative erfaringene i stor grad viser seg å være knyttet til et grenseland mellom den private og offentlige sfære, antyder vi eksistensen av en tredje sfære, som vi kaller mellomsfæren. Vi reiser spørsmål om en forskyvning av private anliggender ut i denne såkalte mellomsfæren har bidradd til å viske ut skillelinjer mellom det private og offentlige og ført til at grenser for sosiale væremåter blir uklare.
Forståelse av kvantitativ helseforskning - en introduksjon og oversikt
Authors: Drageset Sigrunn , Ellingsen Sidsel
Published: October 2015

Denne artikkelen gir en kort oversikt over ulike kvantitativ perspektiver, design, metoder og begreper som er relevant i helseforskning. Grunnleggende metodekunnskap er nødvendig både for å kunne forstå, vurdere nytten av og kunne anvende forskningsresultater i praksis.
Sykepleierstudenters erfaring med relevansen av vitenskapsteori i praksisstudiene
Authors: Pedersen Karen Louise , Einarsen Kari Anne
Published: October 2015

Abstract

Nursing students’ experiences of the relevance of the theory of science in clinical practice

This article presents nursing students’ experiences of the relevance of the theory of science in clinical practice. These experiences come to light in focus group interviews with third-year students. The results show that students may perceive the theory of science as vague and meaningless, while at the same time it gives them a perspective on the nursing profession and provides an opportunity to view their own practice from a critical perspective. However, the theory of science becomes more comprehensible through metaphor, more meaningful through narratives, and more concrete via nursing theories. When the students describe their experiences of the relevance of the theory of science, these descriptions are often related to their own life-world and their view of humanity.

The students would nevertheless like an opportunity to discuss the theory of science related to situations in clinical practice. They also accept that they are required to be theoretically prepared. The article concludes that the goal of such discussions, where the students share experiences related to the theory of science, is the process of gaining insight, not coming up with the “right” answers.
Framveksten av psykiske helsetjenester i Nord med et blikk på sykepleiens utvikling og bidrag
Authors: Fause Åshild
Published: October 2015

Essayet handler om framveksten av psykiske helsetjenester i Troms og Finnmark fra 1848 til 2010 med et blikk på sykepleiens bidrag til utvikling av feltet.  Til grunn for studien ligger både klausulert kildemateriale, statistikk, fagartikler og forskning.  Framstillinga er periodisert ut fra en analyse av sentrale trekk og kjennetegn ved den daglige ivaretakelsen av mennesker med psykiske lidelser og det kunnskapsgrunnlaget virksomheten kvilte på.  Fokus er retta mot utvikling og endring i Troms og Finnmark, men også nasjonale og internasjonale forhold tas med i framstillinga.  Offentlig forpleining utenfor asyl (privatpleie) dominerte feltet fram til Åsgård Sykehus i Tromsø åpna i 1961.  Sjøl om feltet har gjennomgått store endringer, kan en gjenfinne trekk fra tidligere forpleiningsformer i dagens virksomhet.
I hvilken grad kan gruppeveiledning være et middel til å forebygge sykefravær på et sykehjem?
Authors: Vold Hansen Gunnar
Published: October 2015

This article analyzes the experience of applying group supervision in a nursing home in order to reduce sick leave. Data were collected by interviewing participants from three different groups and the counseling supervisor. The study shows that group counseling may reduce some of the risk factors leading to sick leave, but this requires that both the supervision and the group, serves as a resource for employees who feel that they have a demanding job
Livsstilsendring – hvordan kan vi tilrettelegge for kostholdsveiledning ved hjelp av bilder for ikke etnisk norske analfabeter?
Authors: Høium Kari , Jensen Renate
Published: October 2015

Lifestyle - change. How can use of pictures be an expedient tool in communicating dietary guidance towards non- ethnical Norwegian illiterates?
Background: In an increasingly globalized world, service providers experience multicultural challenges within most areas of society. In order to reach their recipients with adequate information and guidance it is imperative to communicate in a way that enables the parties to understand each other. With limited access to interpreter services, the challenges are particularly vast for the group of non- ethnical Norwegian illiterates.
Purpose: In this study we have examined to which degree facilitating for the use of pictures can be an expedient tool in communicating dietary guidance. The study was conducted at a family shelter where the majority of the clients were non- ethnical Norwegian illiterates.
Method: Pictures of various food and beverages from different suppliers were downloaded from the internet. They were categorized and laminated in an appropriate scale for guidance use.
Results: The results are uplifting in regards to usefulness value and increase of competence. The study points to a need of additional empirical research on the use of pictures within different areas of life where language barriers and illiteracy obstructs communication. Further research could also contribute to an answer to whether expedient use of pictures could enhance and strengthen the use of the Norwegian spoken language.
Register til nytte eller besvær, hva vet vi etter fem år? Etablering av et kvalitets- og forskningsregister for hukommelsesklinikker i spesialisthelsetjenesten
Authors: Nåvik Marit , Engedal Knut , Ulstein Ingun
Published: October 2015

Patient Registry, useful or not? What have we learned after five years?
Background and aims: A patient registry was established in January 2009 to improve the quality of assessment and treatment of dementia at memory clinics in the South-Eastern and Western Health Regions of Norway. Further aims were to examine the validity of cognitive tests used in the assessment of dementia, to obtain new knowledge about risk factors and the course of dementia, treatment with and without antidementia medication, and to identify risk factors for developing neuropsychiatric symptoms and severe carer burden and burn-out. Data was also collected for epidemiological and clinical research.. In this article we will present our experiences regarding the process of developing and establishing the register.
Methods: To evaluate the process of developing the register we have used The Wheel of Continuous Improvement, as it is presented the Norwegian strategy plan for quality improvement in the social and health service with the steps: plan, do, check and action (Veileder IS-1162. SHdir 2005).
Results: In 2013 we have included 2220 patients in the register. The number of participating memory clinics has increased from 7 in 2007 to 15 in 2013. The participating memory clinics have included data from patients with different characteristics with regard to age, diagnoses and degree of cognitive impairment. Data from the register is used in ten research studies. Conclusions: It has been possible to establish a dementia register with patients data from 15 memory clinics in Norway that have  agreed to use a standard assessment battery for dementia. To motivate personal from the memory clinics to maintain collecting data, meetings, seminars and presenting results from each unit are of importance.
Integrert behandling av rus og psykiske lidelser i en sikkerhetspsykiatrisk avdeling: Evaluering av implementeringstiltak
Authors: Bjørnstad Kari E. , Gråwe Rolf W.
Published: October 2015

Integrated treatment of substance abuse and mental illness in a security psychiatric ward: Evaluation of the implementation measures
 Violence and homicide among patients with severe mental disorders is associated with substance use. The main aim of this study was to improve organization-level dual diagnoses capability in a forensic psychiatric unit. Health personnel and organization level assessments were performed before and after program and staff training and program implementation. Results: The DDCMHT targeted important areas of change and staff training was associated with an increased total score in dual diagnoses capability from 2.7 to 3.9 on a 1-5 scale, a change from being categorized as Addiction or Mental health Services Only to Dual Diagnosis Capable. Important implementation factors were clinical experience and organizational support. Despite implementation challenges, the main conclusion to be drawn from the study is that improvements in dual diagnoses capability are feasible at a service level.  
Det krevende spennet mellom arbeid, hjemmet og gamle hjelpetrengende foreldre En hermeneutisk studie om kvinners situasjon i skjæringspunktet mellom yrkesliv og dobbelt omsorgsansvar
Authors: Berthinussen Ingrid S. , Fredriksen Sven-Tore Dreyer
Published: October 2015

The aim of this study is to describe how women experience the difficult balancing act of caring for old and frail parents, managing their professional careers and taking care of their own families. Life expectancy has increased in the western world since World War Two, leading to an increasing number of elderly, and elderly with health problems, in need of care and assistance. Additional, health care reforms reguire the elderly to continue to live in their own homes for as long as possible. Traditionally the daughters often end up with carrying the heaviest load of caring for their parents, with all emotional and physical strains entailed, these two facts creates an additional burden on top of t their regular responsibilities regarding family life and career. A qualitative approach was used which includes deep interweaves and hermeneutic analysis. Analyzing the present material we come up with seven sub-themes, and these seven sub-themes crystallized into three main themes: the moral obligations, the anguish and feelings and personal health.

 
Svømmetilbud målrettet etniske kvinder, Procesevaluering af en svømmeintervention
Authors: Andersen Pernille Tangaard , Bak Carsten Kronborg , Clausen Camilla Tykgaard
Published: October 2015

Evaluation of a swimming-intervention targeting female ethnical minorities.
 A health-promoting intervention in Korskærparken, established by the municipality of Fredericia, has been evaluated to identify potentials and barriers in health promotion targeting ethnic minorities. Factors that had a major effect in the success of the intervention were; a nearly cost free arrangement; the target groups ownership in the intervention; the fact that cultural and gender barriers were taken into account and the recruitment of participants through the local community, mentors and other participants. Barriers included dependence on economic support and practical arrangement. 
Ekspressiv skriving som egenterapeutisk verktøy ett år etter brystkreftdiagnosen - resultater fra en norsk pilotstudie
Authors: Gripsrud Birgitta Haga , Søiland Håvard , Lode Kirsten
Published: October 2015

Expressive writing as a self-help tool one year after the breast cancer diagnosis – results from a Norwegian pilot study

The article presents findings from a pilot study on expressive writing, a therapeutic method undescribed in a Norwegian scientific context. Objective: 1. Gain qualitative data on breast cancer women’s experiences with expressive writing. 2. Evaluate the intervention’s feasibility, based on participants’ experiences of the instruction, procedure, and circumstances for writing. Method & design: The study has an exploratory descriptive design. Data collection was achieved through in-depth interviews, followed by experiential thematic analysis of transcripts. Results: Two women enrolled, participating in writing/interviews. Analysis revealed three themes: "The experience of the writing process", "Writing as working through and work to clear the mind", "Strength and vulnerability in relation to others". Conclusion: Findings reveal that expressive writing was experienced as achievable for two breast cancer women, one year after diagnosis. Writing provided an opportunity to work through, and sort out, feelings and thoughts connected to participants’ lives and illness experiences. The instruction was evaluated as easy to understand and inspiring. The women became absorbed in electronic writing in their own homes. They both recommended expressive writing for other women with breast cancer, especially in the period after initial diagnosis.
Læring og kompetanseutvikling i kommunehelsetenesta – ein intervjustudie av kreftsjukepleiarar
Authors: Hynne Astrid Bjørnerheim , Kvangarsnes Marit
Published: October 2015

Learning and competence development in community health service – an interview study of cancer nurses

The number of cancer patients is expected to increase 30% by 2020. To meet the needs of seriously ill and dying cancer patients the community health service must be strengthened. There is little knowledge about the development of competence in the community health service. The aim of this study was to get more knowledge about competence development of cancer nurses.The study has a phenomenological hermeneutical design. Data was based on eight qualitative interviews with cancer nurses. The content of daily work and the cooperation within the community of practice were found to be important. Experience, theoretical knowledge, expectations and attitudes were of importance in their learning, and this is accomplished in cooperation with others through trust, having enough time and responsibility. It will be a challenge to meet the demands to quality and competence in future cancer care. Employing advanced nurse practitioners can be a resource, strengthening quality, improving nursing and innovation.
Hjelpsomme relasjoner. En kvalitativ undersøkelse av samarbeidet mellom brukere med alvorlige psykiske lidelser og rusproblemer og fagpersoner i to oppsøkende team
Authors: Olsø Turid Møller , Almvik Arve , Norvoll Reidun
Published: October 2015

Helpful relations. A quality study about the alliance between users with serious mental health problems and health care professionals in two outreach teams.

In recent years Norway has established various types of assertive outreach teams in community based mental health care. The article examines the importance of the quality of the alliance between health care professionals and users in two assertive outreach teams. More specifically, we describe the common characteristics of a good relation, pointed out by both users and professionals, and the methods that are thought to support these relationships. The study has a qualitative design and data was gathered through semi structured in-depth interviews of 19 professionals and 9 users. The study concludes that helpful relationships are characterized by contact and equality, and that interaction through everyday activities helped strengthen the working alliance. Our results confirm recent research that highlights the importance of the quality of the relationship as a prerequisite for good care, and the importance of the tacit knowledge used and informal work done by professionals interacting with users.
Forbedring av rutiner rundt pasienter med vagusnervestimulator
Authors: Tørris Christine , Schøyen Kari Helen , Wiklund Elin Merete
Published: October 2015

Improving routines for patients with vagus nerve stimulation

Background: Vagus Nerve Stimulator (VNS) is a form of therapy which may reduce the frequency of seizures in people with epilepsy, who do not achieve remission with antiepileptic drugs. A corresponding magnet providing an additional dose of stimulation may stop or shorten the intensity of the seizure.

Objective Investigate the practice and procedure regarding use and storage of a VNS Therapy magnet, to see whether introduction of a new routine with a permanent seat for VNS magnet may contribute to increased availability of the magnet.

Method Registration of the magnets location was performed before, and after the magnetic board intervention. In addition staff answered a questionnaire related to experiences around storage of magnet.

Results The number of not located magnets dropped from 70% to 25 % after the intervention.

Conclusion A magnetic board as a storage area for VNS magnet on the patient's room increases the availability of the magnet.
Implementering av forskningsbasert bacheloreksamen i sykepleie – prosess og erfaring
Authors: Michaelsen Ragnhild , Skrondal Torill , Thylén Ingela
Published: October 2015

Implementation of a research-based bachelor thesis in nursing – process and experiences

Background: Ability to ensure quality and to evaluate own practice of nursing, is essential in order to practice a research based health care. An increase of research skills among future nurses, are thus central. The aim of this paper is to describe experiences connected with implementation of a new research-based model for examination of bachelor thesis in bachelor degree in nursing at Molde University College, Norway.

Results: The curriculum has gained a clearer focus on science and research, and informative guidelines have been developed. The final bachelor thesis is now consisting of a systematic literature review based on scientific articles. The auditorium as a learning arena in the form of a thesis defence contributes to awareness of importance of research for nursing.

Conclusion: The introduction of a new research based model for the bachelor thesis has strengthened the academic environment. Currently, Bachelor of Nursing has a clear focus on research and development. Newly qualified nurses are well placed to work knowledge based and to participate in development of clinical practice.
Sjukepleiaren si kompetanseutvikling i kommunehelsetenesta; samspel mellomutdanningsinstitusjon og arbeidsplass
Authors: Hovland Gro , Kyrkjebø Dagrun , Råholm Maj-Britt
Published: October 2015

Nurses’ competence development in municipal health services – Interactions between nursing school and work place
Due to recent reforms, the increased requirements within comprehensive health care services, such as patients with complex and multiple diseases, need to be met by the municipalities. Nurses, thus need to increase their competence in accordance with the changes in municipal health services. The purpose of this study is to gain knowledge about the nurses’ daily work with a focus on learning and competence development. Data were collected by use of focus group interviews and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Findings demonstrate that nurses do not receive the appropriate training and experience needed to handle emergency situations. The lack of training causes uncertainty, which is not recognized by their superiors. Findings indicate that nursing schools need to be in closer dialogue with their students’ workplaces, both in planning and during their education.
Bakkebyråkratiets yttergrense. Hjemmetjenestens møte med eldre med psykiske helseproblemer
Authors: Skatvedt Astrid , Andvig Ellen , Baklien Bergljot
Published: October 2015

Street level bureaucracy’s outer limit.
Home care service’s meeting with elderly people with mental health problems.
This article illuminates framework for home care services’ work with older people with mental health problems living at home. We also focus upon which consequences the framework have upon home care service’s work and care for this group of elderly. The article is based on qualitative data from a municipality in Norway. Our findings point to the professionals’ experiences of limitations to provide holistic care and their various strategies for dealing with these. The professionals described a strong sense of commitment and shortcomings facing elderly with mental health problems. We call attention to a problem of responsivity, with consequences for both professionals and service users. By presenting professionals in home care service as "extreme street level bureaucrats", we expand Lipsky’s theory of street level bureaucrats. Home care service’s encounters with the this group of elderly is seen as the outer limit of street level bureaucracy, based on the major ethical dilemmas professionals experience in their daily work in connection with that they “shall not attend to” elderly’s mental health problems.
Sykepleieres erfaringer med innføring av sykepleiediagnoser
Authors: Nøst Torunn Hatlen , Blekken Lene Elisabeth , André Beate
Published: October 2015

Nurses’ experiences with introduction of nursing diagnoses
Background: Studies have shown that use of nursing diagnoses can improve quality of documented assessments, quality of described interventions and outcomes, and that they facilitate communication and continuity between practitioners in the health care services. Collaboration between a hospital and a university college was established to study the implementation of nursing diagnoses. Purpose: This study intends to investigate the feasibility of the study and the experiences nurses in clinical practice have after an implementation of nursing diagnoses. Method: A focus group interview with six participants was conducted. The researchers’ experiences upon the intervention feasibility were logged as notes. Results: The participants found the intervention helpful and educational, but also frustrating. Nursing diagnoses seems to be useful in clinical work, but the intervention period may have been too short to achieve changes in the documentation work. Conclusion: There is need for further studies so that nursing documentation can be a good tool to support nurses in their working process.