bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the transcriptome revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying the growth of Dendrobium nobile under various epiphytic modes
Authors: Liu Chaobo , Qin Lin , Zhang Yujia , Qin Huanxin , Li Lin , Tan Daopeng , Li Qingiqng , He Yuqi , Xu Delin
Published: August 2023

Dendrobium nobile is a highly medicinal and ornamental orchid that is usually cultivated in various epiphytic modes. The gene expression and stem development of D. nobile can be influenced by its epiphytic modes. However, the relationship between genes and agronomic traits in this specie remains unclear. In this study, we collected two-year-old stems of D. nobile from different epiphytic modes for transcriptome sequencing. The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for improving field cultivation and artificial breeding. We identified 239 common differential expression genes (cDEGs) among the different modes. These genes were mainly assigned to three pathways in KEGG analysis: MAPK signaling pathway-plant, flavonoid biosynthesis, and plant-pathogen interaction. Additionally, GO analysis revealed enrichment of some DEGs in response to chitin (13 cDEGs), salt stress (12 cDEGs), and water deprivation (10 cDEGs). Furthermore, through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we detected 72 cDEGs that were correlated with stem length. Finally, we observed that the expression level of PR1 exist corrected with TGA2.2 and TGA1. Overall, this study identifies 72 candidate genes that may regulate the growth of D. nobile stems, providing basic evidence for designing a genetic breeding study.
Under-prescription of beta-blockers in older patients with chronic heart failure: an observational study in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Tan Van , Nguyen Hoa TK , Wong Wei Jin , Ahmad Fahed , Nguyen Tu
Published: August 2023

This study in older hospitalized patients with heart failure aimed to examine: (1) The prevalence of beta-blocker prescription and its associated factors, and (2) The association of beta-blocker prescription with adverse outcomes after discharge. A total of 190 participants were recruited (mean age 75.5,46.8% female). Of these, 55.3% were prescribed beta-blockers during admission. On multivariate logistic regression models, previous myocardial infarction (OR 3.70, 95% CI 1.13–12.10) was associated with increased likelihood of prescription, while chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03–0.69), chronic kidney disease (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.15–0.64), and heart rate under 70 (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.17–0.89) were associated with reduced likelihood prescription. During the 3-month follow up, 32.6% of the participants had a composite event. Beta-blocker use was associated with reduced composite outcome (adjusted OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.26–0.98), adjusting for age, sex, NYHA classes, and comorbidities. In this study, we found a low rate of beta-blocker prescription, with only around half of the participants being prescribed beta-blockers. Beta-blocker use was associated with reduced adverse events. Further studies are needed to examine the reasons for under-prescription of beta-blockers, and to evaluate the long-term benefits of beta-blockers in elderly patients with heart failure.
Placing Identity at the Center of Assessing Interprofessional Learning: Development of the Rubric InterProfessional Identity Development (RIPID)
Authors: Cantaert Gabriël Rafaël , Pype Peter , Lauwerier Emelien
Published: August 2023

Interprofessional education is vital in equipping students with the competencies and identity needed to become skilled collaborators and lifelong learners. However, the lack of formative assessment tools renders it difficult to scaffold the development of an interprofessional identity (IPI). Therefore, this article reports the design elements and presents the perceptions of medical students involved in the co-construction of the Rubric Interprofessional Identity Development (RIPID). Following a pragmatist approach, a multiperspective 8-step inquiry led to a manual with definitions, illustrative quotes, scoring instructions and exemplars as well as evidence supporting the validity of RIPID. The RIPID is a generic analytic rubric that can be used to assess the extent to which a learner’s IPI is developing across different contexts on the basis of a variety of assignments and by means of multisource feedback. The theoretically supported criteria account for the (meta)cognitive, emotional and social dimensions of interprofessional learning, of which the descriptors are formulated to elicit reflection. Students are convinced that the RIPID can be used for the authentic assessment of their interprofessional development, confirm its suitability for self-assessment, and see merit in the early introduction in an e-portfolio to promote self-regulated learning. Furthermore, the RIPID can be used for the meta-assessment of programs to improve constructive alignment across the curriculum. Further research is needed to empirically test and psychometrically validate the RIPID at a large scale in different health and non-health settings and to determine its use within a programmatic assessment approach to interprofessional learning.
GaN-based low-power JLDG-MOSFETs: Effects of doping and gate work function
Authors: Hasan Nayeema , Islam Md. Rafiqul , Hasan Md. Tanvir
Published: August 2023

This study aims to explore the potential of the GaN-based junction-less double-gate (JLDG) MOSFETs in resolving the limitations by tuning its doping profile, ND, and gate work function, Ф to realize low-power switching applications. Device figure-of-merits (FOMs) such as ION, ION/IOFF, subthreshold slope (SS), and drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) have been evaluated. The highest ION is 0.9 mA/µm, which resulted in ND = 1×1019 cm-3. The device behaviour is also impacted significantly by changing gate work function, Ф. The OFF-state current, IOFF of 1.24×10-16 A/µm and power dissipation of 9.69×10-17 W/µm have been found for Ф = 5.11 eV (Au). In addition, the highest ION/IOFF of 7.56×1012 indicates the GaN-based JLDG MOSFETs promising for next-generation low-power logic switching applications.
Development and Validation of an Interpretable Machine Learning Model for the Prediction of Intubation in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Liu Jianyuan , Duan Xiangjie , Duan Minjie , Jiang Yu , Mao Wei , Wang Lilin , Liu Gang
Published: August 2023

Background
Since there is a limited ability to identify the need for intubation in the ICU, the objective of this study was to develop and validate an interpretable machine learning (ML) model to predict the need for intubation in ICU patients.
Methods
Seven widely used ML algorithms were applied to develop and validate prediction models. Adult patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database who stayed in the ICU for longer than 24 hours were involved in developing the model. The model was then externally validated in the eICU-CRD database. In addition, the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was employed to illustrate the effects of the individual features attributed to the prediction model.
Results
A total of 11988 patients were included in the final cohort for this study. Among the seven constructed models, the CatBoost model achieved the best performance (AUC: 0.863). In the external validation, the efficacy of our model was also observed (AUC: 0.722). The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), body mass index (BMI), arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and respiratory rate (RR) were the top 4 features of the CatBoost model with the greatest impact.
Conclusions
We have demonstrated the potential of machine-learning approaches for predicting the need for intubation in ICU patients. The SHAP method could improve the interpretability of machine-learning models and help clinicians better understand the reasoning behind the outcome.
Trial registration:
Not applicable.
Retzius-sparing vs. posterior urethral suspension: similar early-phase post-robotic radical prostatectomy continence outcomes
Authors: Kominsky Hal D , Awad Mohannad A , Farhi Jacques , Gahan Jeffrey C , Cadeddu Jeffrey A.
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a risk of robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RP) that can be a frustrating problem for both surgeons and patients. We aim to compare short term continence outcomes between patients undergoing Retzius Sparing RP (RS-RP) and those undergoing standard RP with inclusion of a PUS suture technique and suprapubic tube (PUS-RP).
Materials and Methods
A retrospective review of 105 consecutive patients who underwent RP was performed, comparing patients who underwent RS-RP and PUS-RP. Our main outcome was pad usage as a surrogate for SUI. Patients were evaluated 4 weeks following RP and again at approximately 3 months. Continence was defined as no pad usage or up to one safety pad per day. Risk factors associated with not being continent were identified using univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results
In our cohort, 52 patients underwent RS-RP and 53 patients underwent PUS-RP. The two groups had similar patient demographics. Although not statistically significant, there was a higher rate of a positive surgical margin in the RS-RP compared to PUS-RP (25% vs 15%, p = 0.204). At one month follow up for PUS-RP and RS-RP, there was no significant difference in frequency of continent men (69.2% vs. 76.9%, p = 0.302). At 3 month follow up for the two groups of patients, again, there was no significant difference in frequency of continence for PUS-RP and RS-RP (86.2% vs 88%, p = 0.824).
Conclusion
Patients who underwent RS-RP had similar rates of continence to those patients undergoing PUS-RP in the short term post-operative period.
Optimised Sparse Image Reconstruction via Densification and Relocation
Authors: Kang Hyoseung , Chizhov Vassillen , Augustin Matthias
Published: August 2023

We propose a novel data optimisation technique for sparse image reconstruction, which is useful for image compression and adaptive signal processing. Due to its nonconvexity, the optimisation problem for sparse image reconstruction is challenging. The proposed method relies on a simple-to-use framework applicable to numerous linear image reconstruction operators, such as splines and linear partial differential equation (PDE)-based inpainting. Our approach convincingly outperforms several established algorithms in terms of reconstruction quality and efficiency, thanks to a combinatorial optimisation for the initial guess and a continuous optimisation for further improvements. Moreover, we present a comparison among a set of highly competitive methods for image reconstruction. To our knowledge, this set of methods has not been thoroughly compared with optimised data previously.
MSC: 65K10, 65D07, 90C59
The Hunt for antipox compounds against Monkeypox Virus Thymidylate Kinase and scaffolding protein leveraging Pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, ADMET Studies, and molecular dynamics simulation studies
Authors: Ssemuyiga Charles , Ssemanda Paul , Pius Edgar Mulumba , Kasoma Anthony Ndugwa , Ntambi Saidi
Published: August 2023

Cases of the monkeypox virus have been recorded in non-endemic nations and have continued to be reported in several endemic nations since early May 2022 [1]. In this study, we modeled MPXV Thymidylate Kinase (TMPK) and scaffolding protein (D13), and these models and their templates were taken for small molecule screening against 602,413 small molecules using pharmacophore modeling and molecular docking methods. ADMET properties were also computed followed by Molecular simulation dynamics studies. All presented hits had superior molecular docking scores to used reference standards of Cidofovir and Rifampicin. TMPK compounds displayed better ADMET profiles than D13 compounds, hence the latter may necessitate optimization. Following molecular dynamics simulation, calculations of the RMSDs, RMSFs, Hydrogen Bonds, SASA, Radius of Gyration, MM-GBSA energy, PCA, and DCC revealed that all generated complexes were stable, with the ligands NPC275538, NPC244454, 135566871, and CHEBI compounds outperforming other Hits. These compounds still presented higher docking scores against cidofovir-resistant TMPK and Rifampicin-resistant D13 proteins. Compounds 447970, 446595, and 54723327 were most selective against human TMPK. The conserved interaction patterns of these compounds among Vaccinia and Monkeypox virus proteins with the fact that studied proteins are highly conserved across Orthopoxviruses (OPV) is appealing to the fact these hits should be studied across OPV. Therefore, these compounds should be subjected to laboratory testing to prove their antipox capability. Since there are currently no approved MPXV antivirals, this discovery significantly aids in developing new drugs for treating monkeypox.
Modest geoengineering side effects predicted by an emulator
Authors: Bodai Tamas , Lembo Valerio , Aneesh Sundaresan , Ishuzu Miho , Franz Matthias O. , Chung Eui-Seok
Published: August 2023

Side effects of solar radiation management geoengineering are unavoidable because the forcing involved is different in nature from the anthropogenic greenhouse forcing. Yet, the side effects should scale with the magnitude of the geonegineering forcing. Even then it is crucial to have detailed information about them. We use a response theory based emulator derived from new simulation output for the Max Planck Institute’s Earth system model, MPI-ESM, in order to evaluate the side effects in a scenario where CO2 emission abatement could also achieve the same constraint on peak global surface temperature. We find that the spatial patterns of the side effects for both annual mean surface air temperature and precipitation bear the same features as those known from the G2-type “cancellation” experiments of the Geo-MIP protocol.
Profil Pemecahan Masalah Higher Order Thinking Skill Ditinjau dari Self-Eficacy Siswa
Authors: Wulandari Putri , Lestari Nurcholif Diah Sri , Setya Putri Inge Wiliandani , Kurniati Dian , Hussen Saddam
Published: August 2023

The phenomenon of students not being used to solving higher order thinking questions often occurred in one of the Islamic Senior High School in Sidoarjo. Therefore, this research aims to describe the profile of students' problem-solving in overcoming HOTS questions based on the self-efficacy. The research subjects were three selected students of XI-IPA class who were categorized into low, moderate, or high self-efficacy based on self-efficacy questionnaires and had good communication skills. The data were collected through tests, triangulated by interviews and analyzed using Polya's problem-solving indicators (unerstanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying the plan, and looking back). The results show that: 1) Students with low self-efficacy able to solve an “analyze” problem eventhough without looking back and solve the “evaluate” problem through all of the stages. Eventhough, he need help to work on the “creative” problem; 2) Students with moderate self-efficacy able to solve an “analyze” problem through all stages. However, while working on evaluate and creative problem, he could only complete the stages of understanding the problem, devise an incomplete plan and never try to carry out the plan; 3) Students with high self-efficacy can solve the problem on analyze, evaluate, and create in a complete stage. Teachers must become accustomed to asking HOTS questions to students in order to increase student self-efficacy and problem-solving abilities.
Analisis Peningkatan Level Berpikir Geometri Mahasiswa Berdasarkan Teori Van Hiele dengan Pendekatan Konstruktivisme
Authors: Renanda Aini , Qohar Abd. , Chandra Tjang Daniel
Published: August 2023

The provision of problem-solving, analytical, systematic, critical, and creative skills is important to improve human resources that can be obtained from learning mathematics. Geometry is a field of mathematics that aims to develop logical thinking skills, develop spatial intuition, and interpret mathematical arguments. Several studies show that students' understanding of geometry material is still at a low level, so it is necessary to develop or improve the geometry learning process. The purpose of this study is to describe the increase in students' geometric thinking levels based on Van Hiele's theory with a constructivism approach. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with data analysis techniques using the Miles & Huberman model in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that before the learning process using a constructivist approach, students' geometric thinking skills were at levels 1 to 3 or the analysis stage to a formal deduction with the average being at the informal deduction and pre-formal deduction stages. Meanwhile, after the learning process using a constructivist approach was carried out, geometric thinking skills increased at levels 2 to 4 or the informal deduction stage to the rigor with an average increase in the formal deduction stage.
Pengembangan, Validasi, dan Evaluasi Skala Minat Matematika untuk Remaja
Authors: La Hadi Amanda , Patih Tandri , Halistin Halistin
Published: August 2023

This study aims to develop and validate a multidimensional instrument that will measure the interest in mathematics among Indonesian adolescents (aged 12-21 years). The developed instrument must meet psychometric standards in terms of content, construct, and concurrent validity. This instrument is called the “Skala Minat Matematika Remaja” (SMMR). The existence of SMMR is important because: (1) it is based on a validated structure and content of interest in the literature, (2) it accommodates the measurement of interest during adolescence, and (3) it specifically measures mathematics interest, which will be useful in the mathematics learning process. Three sample groups were taken from secondary school to university level to complete the SMMR instrument. A quantitative approach was used to test three types of validity. Construct validity was tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) resulted in a 20-item SMMR with four dimensions (engagement, knowledge, emotions, and value) that explained 58% of the total variance. This indicates that the selected items can effectively explain the four dimensions of interest. Furthermore, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the third sample group confirmed that SMMR is suitable for application among different groups of adolescents. SMMR scores showed a significant negative relationship between interest and age. This relationship indicates that SMMR has good concurrent validity.
Project-Based Blended Learning (PjB2L) dalam Pembelajaran Statistika di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Fahlevi Mahfudz Reza , Jabnabillah Faradiba
Published: August 2023

This research aims to analyze the results of the application of Blended Learning with reference to the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model. Blended Learning and PjBL can be packaged as a learning model, namely Project-Based Blended Learning (PjB2L). The design of learning activities with the help of e-campus media is used to measure its impact on student learning outcomes in Statistics courses. The main focus of the research describes two main things, the description of the application of statistics lectures with the PjB2L model and the results of statistical tests on differences in learning outcomes obtained. Quasi-experimental research was designed to compare student learning outcomes in experimental classes (with the PjB2L model) and control classes (conventional/blended direct learning). 43 students were involved in this study which was divided into two classes, namely the control class which included 20 students, and the experimental class which involved 23 students. In addition, on data analysis technique, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), was used to compare the results of the control group and the experimental group, with the covariance variable being the pre-test results (initial knowledge). The results showed significant differences. The difference shown in this study leads to the support of the experimental group's better learning achievement.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Word Problem PLSV
Authors: Hidayah Siti Lilpatul Nurul Nur , Prayitno Lydia Lia
Published: August 2023

Problem-solving ability is a primary skill students should acquire in learning mathematics and is often connected to Adversity Quotient (AQ). This qualitative descriptive study describes the ability to solve PLSV problems regarding AQ (climbers, campers, and quitters) in 7th-grade students of SMP Negeri 21 Surabaya. Data were collected through questionnaires, tests, and interviews using instruments such as the AQ questionnaire sheet, Word Problem Solving Test (TPWP), questionnaires, and interview guidelines. The problem-solving ability in this study refers to the four stages of Polya's problem-solving ability including understanding the problem, planning, implementing, and evaluating. The results of this study showed that (1) the climbers subject was able to accomplish all of Polya's stages, (2) the campers subject, was able to accomplish three stages of Polya's problem solving, which were able to understand the problem, plan the problem solving, and carry out the problem-solving. Whereas, (3) the quitters subject, was unable to complete Polya's problem-solving stages as it showed that the subject was poorly understanding the problem, planning to solve the problem, implementing the solution plan, and incapable of looking back at problems that had been solved.
The kinetic effect induced by variable cooling rate on the crystal-chemistry of spinel in basaltic systems revealed by EPMA mapping
Authors: Gennaro Emanuela , Iezzi Gianluca , Nazzari Manuela , Vetere Francesco , Scarlato Piergiorgio , Giuliani Letizia , Zellmer Georg F.
Published: August 2023

The crystal-chemical variations of spinels grown as a function of cooling rate (ΔT/Δt) were analyzed via X-ray electron-microprobe (EPMA) maps. Maps were collected serially by using a fixed distance. Spinels solidified from a tholeiitic MOR basaltic liquid (B100) cooled at cooling rates (ΔT/Δt) of 1, 7, 60, and 180 °C/h, between 1300 and 800 °C and at ambient P and fO2. As ΔT/Δt increases, the amount of spinel is invariably <5 area% and its size decreases. Compared to the previous data set collected by common single and selected EPMA analytical points (112 analyses), the kinetic effects induced by ΔT/Δt are here quantitatively captured by a large number of analyses (2052).

The TiO2, Al2O3, MgO, and FeOtot show large compositional variations at low cooling rates (from 1 to 60 °C/h), and only the average TiO2 concentration shows a well-defined trend as a function of ΔT/Δt. However, calculated average cation amounts (apfu) unveil quantitative kinetic effects. When ΔT/Δt increases (from 1 to 180 °C/h), only Ti4+ shows a linear decreasing trend, whereas the other major Al3+, Fe3+, Fe2+, and Mg2+ cations alone are scattered. Conversely, the sums of trivalent (Al3++Fe3+) and divalent (Mg2++Fe2+) cations quantitatively capture the effect of the ΔT/Δt. These new outcomes could be the base of novel geospeedometers with significant implications in volcanology, geophysics, and material sciences in regard to silicate melt rheology on Earth. They should be extended to high-pressure, hydrated, and low oxygen fugacity conditions. Furthermore, the analytical approach used here to capture kinetic effects on spinel growth and compositions can be also applied to other crystalline phases grown from silicate liquids.
What’s on Dr. Barnhardt’s mind?
Authors: Rooney Barnhardt Tera
Published: August 2023

Imposter syndrome is a term that was introduced to me at a recent graduate conference that I attended for the American Association of Bovine Practitioners. It resonated with me and other highly-driven individuals sitting in the room. I felt as thought it made a lot of sense. As I have progressed in my ca­reer, I have decided that it doesn’t actually need to be given so much credit. Many times, what we mistake as a moment of discomfort or inadequacy, is the moment we will see the most growth and change in ourselves personally and professionally if we just move forward.

Mentorship is something our age cohort prefers to experience professionally and it is a relationship that deserves both parties to put effort and energy towards. If we are going to demand this, we need to support it from our side of the relationship also.
Practical applications of genomics
Authors: Rowan Troy
Published: August 2023

Genomic testing serves multiple functions for beef cattle popu­lations. Since their inception in the late 2000s, genomic tests have been critical tools for detecting mutations that cause genetic defects, parentage testing, and improving the quality of genetic predictions. Sire selection is one of the most conse­quential decisions that commercial operations make. This chal­lenge is compounded by the relatively low levels of information available on the unproven herd sires that commercial herds purchase. Selection tools in the form of Expected Progeny Dif­ferences (EPDs) allow commercial operations to reduce the risk involved in sire selection. EPDs isolate the genetic component of economically-relevant traits and increase selection accuracy. While parent average EPDs are more reliable than phenotypic selection, unproven sires can still experience significant EPD shifts as more information becomes available. Genomic testing enhances the EPDs for unproven and low-accuracy sires. These increases in accuracy are equivalent to approximately a calf crop’s worth of records in a genomic evaluation (from 10 to 30 phenotypes depending on the trait). Nearly all breed associa­tions calculate genomically-enhanced EPDs, making their use imperative for commercial operations. Beyond bull selection, opportunities exist for commercial producers to utilize genom­ics for heifer selection and marketing terminal animals.
Profit margins
Authors: Pop Alexandru M.
Published: August 2023

The veterinary industry has perpetually produced excellent practitioners who have often ended up in business manage­ment positions through natural succession. These owners are in highly influential leadership positions through necessity, not passion or skill, which ends up with important factors of practice being an afterthought of practicing medicine. Profit margins within the veterinary practice must be thoroughly understood in order for practice administrators to effectively implement pricing structures and help associates and staff members understand where pricing structures come from to communicate effectively with clients. Understanding terminol­ogy and calculations required to audit one’s numbers can help restructure focus and pricing. Understanding profit margins also helps understand the effect of inventory shrinkage most commonly due to obsolescence among other sources. Having the ability to calculate these numbers for one’s practice gives the ability to make systematic changes to improve one’s practice.
Winning strategies against Hemonchus
Authors: Jones Cook Meredyth
Published: August 2023

Hemonchus contortus is the most serious parasite facing small ruminant herds and flocks. Anthelmintic resistance and gastro­intestinal parasitism due to this parasite have been identified as the greatest threats to small ruminant production worldwide (Waller 1997). Critical management areas for control of Hemon­chus include refugia, environment, nutrition, genetics and drugs.
Small ruminant drug use for the cow vet
Authors: Smith Joe
Published: August 2023

With the rapid increase in numbers and popularity of small ru­minants in North America, there is a need for ambulatory prac­titioners to provide for their care. With the economics of small ruminant practice not being near those of bovine practice, combined with extremely limited drugs for sheep and goats, there is an opportunity for creative solutions regarding bovine therapies for caprine and ovine patients. In this review the role of the small ruminant as a food animal will be discussed along with extralabel drug usage for food animal species. Analgesic drugs will be discussed for utility in ambulatory practice set­tings. Use of approved and extralabel antimicrobials will be investigated for control and prevention of infectious disease. Sedation practices will be mentioned, along with additional re­sources to guide the bovine veterinarian with small ruminant treatment decisions.
Finite temperature spin diffusion in the Hubbard model in the strong coupling limit
Authors: Gamayun Oleksandr , Hutsalyuk Arthur , Pozsgay Balázs , Zvonarev Mikhail
Published: August 2023

We investigate finite temperature spin transport in one spatial dimension by considering the spin-spin correlation function of the Hubbard model in the limiting case of infinitely strong repulsion. We find that in the absence of a magnetic field the transport is diffusive, and derive the spin diffusion constant. Our approach is based on asymptotic analysis of a Fredholm determinant representation. The obtained results are in agreement with Generalized Hydrodynamics approach.
La Unión Europea y América Latina: coyunturas críticas y nuevo contrato social
Authors: Sanahuja José Antonio
Published: August 2023

La Unión Europea y América Latina y el Caribe enfrentan un escenario adverso como consecuencia de la crisis de la globalización, la creciente competencia geopolítica, de la que es una expresión la guerra de Ucrania, y la materialización de riesgos globales como la pandemia del COVID-19. Estos elementos demandan una nueva racionalidad y narrativa movilizadora para el relanzamiento de las relaciones y la cooperación entre ambas regiones. Este artículo propone tres elementos: la revitalización de la democracia, la búsqueda de una mayor autonomía estratégica, y una recuperación transformadora que implica una “triple transición”: social, productiva y digital, y ecológica. Este artículo argumenta que estos tres elementos, de los que es un ejemplo el Pacto Verde Europeo, pueden dar un nuevo impulso a las relaciones birregionales y la “asociación estratégica” Unión Europa-América Latina y el Caribe.
Palabras clave: Unión Europea; América Latina; Pacto Verde; contrato social; relaciones internacionales.
Assessing the degree of development of dynamic capabilities theory: A systematic literature review
Authors: Gonzalez-Samaniego Arcadio , A. Valenzo-Jimenez Marco , Apolinar Martinez-Arroyo Jaime , Antelmo Casanova Valencia Salvador
Published: August 2023

Dynamic capabilities theory has become one of the most widely accepted theories of business strategy. The study aims to determine the degree of development of the dynamic capabilities theory. A meta-analysis was carried out through a bibliometric analysis and a systematic literature review. Documents published in Scopus and Web of Science between 1997–2023 were analyzed using VOSviewer software. 49 documents met the analysis requirements, with a maximum of 11 published in 2022. Keyword co-occurrences were also analyzed. 222 were found, and 26 were selected with at least two co-occurrences. The documents were grouped into six clusters by these keywords and analyzed to determine the degree of development of the theory. The results have shown popularity among researchers in different science branches, indicating a high degree of development. However, the study noted a lack of theoretical consistency in elaborating constructs for measuring variables in empirical investigations. As a result, this leads to a lack of consistency and generalization of the results. Hence, the theory is not considered fully developed in terms of lack of internal coherence, falsifiability, and predictability. Tools for the empirical measurement of variables need to be theoretically and empirically validated to ensure their application in different contexts. The confrontation of results from validated measurement tools in diverse environments will contribute to developing dynamic capabilities theory.
AcknowledgmentWe appreciate the support granted through the Postdoctoral Stays program by CONAHCYT.
Nutritional significance of finger millet and its potential for using in functional products
Authors: Gaikwad Vaibhav , Kaur Jaspreet , Rasane Prasad , Kaur Sawinder , Singh Jyoti , Kumar Ankit , Kumar Ashwani , Sharma Nitya , Mehta Chandra Mohan , Patel Avinash Singh
Published: August 2023

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.), ragi or mandua, is one of essential minor millets extensively grown in the Indian and African subcontinents. It is a staple food in India, particularly for people belonging to low-socioeconomic groups. Finger millet is highly valued for its content of macro- and micronutrients. It is rich in carbohydrates, protein, and fat. Its micronutrients include calcium (0.38%), dietary fiber (18%), and phenolic compounds (0.3–3%), such as catechin, epicatechin, as well as ferulic, salicylic, protocatechuic, cinnamic, and hydroxybenzoic acids, etc. Finger millet is also recognized as a source of vital amino acids, including isoleucine, leucine, methionine, and phenylalanine, which are otherwise deficient in starchy meals. In addition, finger millet is well appreciated for its pharmacological properties such as anti-diabetic, anti-tumorigenic, anti-atherosclerogenic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. To improve its nutritional and sensory properties, this grain can be processed by various traditional and advanced methods (soaking, malting, cooking, fermentation, popping, and radiation). These processing techniques equally assist in the reduction of anti-nutritional factors (tannins, phytic acid, oxalic acid, protein inhibitors, glucans) and their inhibitory effects. In this review, we highlighted the nutritional composition, health attributes, and uses of finger millet for the development of functional food products.

Researchers and producers can further explore the opportunities and scope for utilizing finger millet and develop more products in the same line to solve the current issues of food and nutrition security.
Coupled sink and flow accumulation analyses with single flow direction and multiple flow direction algorithms
Authors: Bowsher Nicholas Ray , Sieker Heiko , Hinkelmann Reinhard
Published: August 2023

A static flood analysis (SFA) toolset is implemented with the purpose of performing simplified, event-based flood inundation modeling. The simulation process is divided into two steps: a topographic sink analysis of the terrain followed by flow accumulation (FA) of runoff volumes. Both procedures are coupled to account for sink storage effects. The sink analysis procedure determines the morphology of present sinks that are utilized during FA to calculate the sink storage by solving a mass balance, whereby inflows are captured in each sink according to their capacity and overflows are routed further downstream. Each sink is enriched with a set of hydrological attributes such as the total inflow, overflow, and flood depth. The flood depth is then utilized to determine the flood extent and flood depths of each sink. Two main options are made available for the FA procedure: either a single flow direction (SFD) or a novel formulation of the multiple flow direction (MFD) algorithm. Both methods were compared in terms of their accuracy with results from the TELEMAC-2D finite-volume solver for an urban inundation model. Both methods showed good agreement when compared with the validation results, with the MFD method performing marginally better than the SFD method.
The Cosmos and Human Beings from an Interdisciplinary Perspective. “Paradigmatické zmeny v chápaní kozmologickej a antropologickej problematiky. Minulosť a súčasnosť,” [“Paradigmatic Changes in the Understanding of Cosmological and Anthropological Issues. Past and Present”] edited by Zlatica Plašienková, Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, Bratislava 2021, pp. 308 (rev.)
Authors: Zolcer Štefan
Published: August 2023

This book presents a complex picture of the universe and man from historical and contemporary perspectives, including philosophical, theological, and scientific perspectives. It consists of several papers by authors from various fields, and it is divided into three main parts. The first part addresses some interesting questions from the history of philosophy and theology; the second part focuses on contemporary astrophysics and astrobiology and the question of extraterrestrial life; the third part considers the ethical and environmental dimensions of these questions.

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Received: 19/02/2023. Reviewed: 17/03/2023. Accepted: 30/03/2022.
Além dos muros acadêmicos
Authors: Sena Normaci Correia dos Santos , Quaresma Jamilli Cristina da Silva , Neves Barbara Coelho
Published: August 2023

A transferência de informação se estabelece em uma área de conhecimento muito extensa e envolve vários meios de comunicação. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem como objetivo conhecer os impactos no processo da transferência da informação no contexto da Ciência Aberta (CA). Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva que utiliza-se como referencial teórico clássicos da Ciência da Informação para assim discutir características, aspectos e as repercussões ocasionadas pelo surgimento da Ciência Aberta. A pesquisa mostra que embora a transferência da informação seja uma ação humana, no âmbito da CA, o foco é referente aos dados que geram a informação, em especial os dados científicos e/ou dados de pesquisa com a finalidade de torná-los abertos (dados digitais abertos). Assim, cria-se uma relação das etapas da transferência da informação destacadas por Shannon e Weaver (transmissor, canal, mensagem, receptor) com a perspectiva da Ciência Aberta, destacando os impactos políticos, sociais, econômicos e científicos.
Corpo-arquivo e as banalidades
Authors: Polizel Alexandre Luiz
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar a diagnose da pedagogia-tecnologia do corpo-arquivo e das banalidades, enquanto produtora de subjetividade. Este emerge da imersão em um grupo na rede social Facebook, guiado pela analítica do Diagnóstico do presente sob inspirações Foucaultianas, Nietzscheanas e Arenditianas. Organiza-se a analise em três eixos: a) A memória: o olhar para si e a produção de referências; b) Os esquecimentos: (hiper)estímulos e hiper(in)sensibilidades; e c) Banalidades das verdades, banalidades das mentiras.
Use of Post-mortem Brain Tissue in Investigations of Obsessive-
Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lochner Christine , Naudé Petrus J.W. , Stein Dan J.
Published: August 2023

Background:

Post-mortem examination of the brain is a key strategy to increase our understanding
of the neurobiology of mental disorders. While extensive post-mortem research has been undertaken
on some mental disorders, others appear to have been relatively neglected.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to conduct a systematic review of post-mortem research on
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Methods:

A systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to provide an
overview of quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods primary research studies on OCD. Search platforms
included NCBI Pubmed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science.

Results:

A total of 52 publications were found, and after the removal of works not meeting the inclusion
criteria, six (6) peer-reviewed publications remained. These post-mortem studies have provided
data on DNA methylation, cellular and molecular alterations, and gene expression profiling in brain
areas associated with OCD.

Discussion and Conclusion:

Included studies highlight the potential value of post-mortem brains from
well-characterized individuals with OCD and suggest the need for additional work in this area.
Identification of the Roles of Coagulation-related Signature and its Key
Factor RABIF in Hepatoma Cell Malignancy
Authors: Chen Yanying , Li Yin , Zhou Bingyi
Published: August 2023

Background:

Hepatoma is a high morbidity and mortality cancer, and coagulation is a
potential oncogenic mechanism for hepatoma development

Objective:

In this study, we aimed to reveal the role of coagulation in hepatoma.

Methods:

We applied the LASSO to construct a coagulation-related risk score (CRS) and a clinical
nomogram with independent validation. The heterogeneity of various aspects, including functional
enrichment, SNV, CN, immunocyte infiltration, immune pathways, immune checkpoint,
and genomic instability indexes, was evaluated. Besides, the prognostic value of the CRS genes
was tested. We selected the critical risky gene related to coagulation from the LASSO coefficients,
for which we applied transwell and clone formation assays to confirm its roles in hepatoma cell
migration and clone formation ability, respectively.

Results:

The CRS and the nomogram predicted patients’ survival with good accuracy in both two
datasets. The high-CRS group was associated with higher cell cycle, DNA repair, TP53 mutation
rates, amplification, and lower deletion rates at chromosome 1. For immunocyte infiltration, we
noticed increased Treg infiltration and globally upregulated immune checkpoints and genomic
instability indexes. Additionally, every single CRS gene affected the patient’s survival. Finally,
we observed that RABIF was the riskiest gene in the CRS. Its knockdown suppressed hepatoma
cell migration and clone formation capability, which could be rescued by RABIF overexpression.

Conclusion:

We built a robust CRS with great potential as a prognosis and immunotherapeutic
indicator. Importantly, we identified RABIF as an oncogene, promoting hepatoma cell migration
and clone formation, revealing underlying pathological mechanisms, and providing novel therapeutic
targets for hepatoma treatment.
Duas Próteses Anatómicas, da Idade Moderna, encontradas em Lisboa
Authors: Gomes Mário Varela
Published: August 2023

Two rare 17th century human prostheses were found during archaeological excavations in Lisbon, one of them exhumed from an inhumation grave in Carmo Church and the other from a well, reused as cesspit, in the Santana Convent. The first corresponds to a thumb distal part, made in silver and the other to four teeth (upper incisors), and produced in ivory, probably from elephant. Since early times most human societies gave huge importance to its members’ body aesthetics and bodily conditions. However, those aspects, resulting mainly from economic and social factors, perhaps even religious, would be exacerbated, especially among the political, military and religious elites, from the 16th century onwards, where it was intended to identify the look of each person with their social and material condition.
“Shared decision making” of gezamenlijke besluitvorming: wanneer dierenarts en eigenaar samen beslissingen nemen
Authors: Decloedt A.
Published: August 2023

De communicatie tussen dierenarts en klant evolueert naar een meer klant- of relatiegericht patroon, waarbij eigenaars inspraak wensen en het belangrijk vinden dat hun perspectief gehoord wordt. “Shared decision making” of gezamenlijke besluitvorming is een proces waarbij dierenarts en eigenaar van het dier samen tot een beslissing komen over verdere medische stappen. Dit wordt toegepast indien er meerdere evenwaardige opties qua diagnostiek of behandeling zijn. Het proces bestaat uit drie stappen. In de eerste stap (“choice of team talk”) wordt aangegeven dat een keuze moet gemaakt worden uit meerdere opties, en wordt gepeild naar de initiële voorkeur van de eigenaar. In de tweede stap (“option talk”) worden de voor- en nadelen van alle opties overlopen. In de laatste stap (“decision talk”) worden de voorkeur, waarden en overtuigingen van de eigenaar geïntegreerd bij het nemen van een finale gezamenlijke beslissing. Dit vereist excellente communicatieve vaardigheden, met nadruk op open vragen, actief luisteren en empathie.
Vraag & Antwoord
Authors: Garmyn A. , Hellebuyck T.
Published: August 2023

Behandeling van chronische eileg bij een grijze roodstaartpapegaai
Investigation of a p-i-n photodetector with an absorbing medium based on InGaAs/GaAs quantum well-dots
Authors: Kryzhanovskaya N.V.  , Blokhin S.A.  , Makhov I. S.  , Moiseev E. I.  , Nadtochiy A. M.  , Fominykh N. A.  , Mintairov S. A.  , Kaluyzhnyy N. A.  , Guseva Yu. A.  , Kulagina M. M.  , Zubov F. I.  , Kolodeznyi E.S.  , Maximov M.V.  , Zhukov A. E.
Published: August 2023

The static and dynamic characteristics of waveguide photodetectors with an absorbing region based on InGaAs/GaAs quantum well-dots were studied at room temperature. The absorption band of InGaAs/GaAs quantum well-dots is in the spectral range from 900 to 1100 nm. The waveguide photodetectors have a width of 50 μm and a length of the absorbing region from 92 μm to 400 μm. A low dark current density (1.1 and 22 μA/cm2 at -1 and -20 V) and cut off frequency of 5.6 GHz, limited by the time constant of a parasitic equivalent electric RC-circuit, were obtained. Keywords:waveguide photodetector, modulation frequency, quantum well-dots, integrated photonics.
Investigating the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Pharmaceutical Care: Assessing the Efficacy, Verification, and Outcomes of AI-enabled Prescription Recognition (Preprint)
Authors: huang hanchun , Ku Pou-Jen
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Following the separation of medical treatment and drug dispensing in Taiwan, patients are now required to bring their prescriptions to the pharmacy and request the pharmacist to dispense the medication. The prescription serves as the basis for the pharmacist during the medication dispensing process. Currently, prescriptions are presented in paper format. Patients present a prescription issued by a medical unit and visit the pharmacy to request the pharmacist to dispense it. Upon receiving the paper prescription, the pharmacist must manually enter the drug information into the computer. However, the excessive and complex information in the prescription leads to time wastage for the pharmacist and often results in information errors.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to utilize AI optical recognition and AI neural network machine learning technology to accurately identify the details of prescription paper and drug information. This will enable the establishment of an optical recognition artificial intelligence system and pharmaceutical care database. By utilizing this system, pharmacists will be able to record accurate information in real-time while performing dispensing services, ensuring precise patient medication information and allowing for more accurate pharmaceutical care.

METHODS

In this study, we collaborated with the Pharmacists Association, which collected prescription pads from major medical institutions in Taiwan. The collected prescription pads were first de-identified. Then, the information and graphic orientation of the prescription pads were manually marked. Optical character recognition (OCR) and machine learning using neural networks were then performed to build a database for artificial intelligence recognition of prescription papers.

RESULTS

This study successfully establishes an artificial intelligence-based prescription identification system that allows users to directly upload images of paper prescriptions. The system utilizes artificial intelligence algorithms and accesses a specifically designed database for identification purposes to accurately identify prescription information. The identified information is then presented based on the relevant fields in the system interface.

CONCLUSIONS

The field of pharmaceutical care has witnessed advancements in artificial intelligence technology. Artificial intelligence recognition technology is being utilized to enhance pharmacists' drug judgment and facilitate collaboration and implementation of home care services. Furthermore, a nationally standardized medical integration database is being established to support the integration of medical resources in Taiwan and serve as the foundation for cross-border service cooperation.