bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Transition of Scientific Theories into Social Discourse
Authors: Lee Bogo
Published: September 2024

This study delves into how the Chinese intellectual community of the early 20th century interpreted scientific ideas, specifically the “theory of evolution” and “theory of relativity.” The conservative publication, The Eastern Miscellany, underwent a transformation during the May Fourth Movement, embracing concepts like “Mutual aid: A factor of evolution” and the theory of relativity in the 1920s. Editors and writers used these scientific concepts to counter radical intellectuals, reshaping cultural and ideological perspectives in journal texts. This reinterpretation aimed to not only adopt modern values but also challenge the dogmatism of scientific discourses in China’s political and cultural context. Scholars associated the mutual help hypothesis with evolutionary studies, aligning it with cultural diversity and opposing centralized political structures. The relativistic theory, connected to anarchism and coexistence within civilization, offered an alternative discourse to radicalism, rejecting a singular modern value system. Their goal was to establish a discourse community reflecting their rationality and principles while restoring traditional values in Eastern civilization. This paper considers this as evidence of how they struggled to maintain conservative legitimacy during the political system’s modern transition and aims to elucidate it through textual analysis of contemporary magazines. Furthermore, the paper aims to remind us once again of the dangers of scientism, which are often overlooked when compared to the absolute nature of science that is still recognized today.
Extracting Tuscan phonetic correspondences from dialect pronunciations automatically
Authors: Rubehn Arne , Montemagni Simonetta , Nerbonne John
Published: September 2024

We present a novel approach to identifying individual pairs of phonetic correspondences in a dataset of dialect pronunciations. This continues work identifying shibboleths (i.e., characteristic features of a given dialect), a category that has interested dialectology and that dialectometrical research has examined mostly in the form of categorical data or entire phonetic transcriptions. This article reaches into segmental sequences (phonetic transcriptions) to identify individual phonetic correspondences. We follow earlier work in examining how distinctive and how representative a given phonetic correspondence is for a selected group of varieties. We proceed from string alignments, and innovate in characterizing the important notions via information theory. Despite minor problems, the method improves on the generality of competing approaches and can be shown to be useful in detecting characteristic phonetic correspondences in Tuscan varieties. We argue that this facilitates deeper investigation into the relation between aggregating approaches to dialectology and approaches proceeding from features.
Greek Comedy’s Food-Related Imaginary and the Criticism of New Music
Authors: Troiani Sara
Published: September 2024

The article aims to present an analysis of lines 26–8 in Pherecr. fr. 155 K.-A., arguing that they may refer to Philoxenus of Cythera’s poetics by exploiting a simile derived from comic food-related imagery. The use of food metaphors to express literary criticism is consistent in comic drama: in particular, mentions of sophisticated dishes can either denote the self-promotion of the comedian’s art, or criticise the excess of kainotēs in other genres, such as tragedy and New Dithyramb. In Pherecrates’ fragment, Mousikē is compared to a rhaphanos, a green usually consumed in frugal meals, stuffed by Philoxenus with kampai (‘caterpillars’, but also ‘modulations’ according to the New Music’s lexicon), possibly describing the poet as an innovative chef. Parallels with other comic fragments and later accounts of Philoxenus’ fame as a glutton and cook may offer a further reading of the lines and shed new light on Greek comedy’s criticism of New Music.
Unearthed, Smuggled and Decontextualized: Carl Schmidt and the Provenance of Hamburg’s Papyrus Bilinguis 1
Authors: Wigand Jakob
Published: September 2024

Information regarding the provenance of papyrological material that was acquired in the Egyptian antiquities market in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries is scarce and often unreliable. This article investigates the provenance of Hamburg’s Papyrus Bilinguis 1, famed for containing the apocryphal Acta Pauli. By researching archival files documenting the acquisition and the context of the find, the papyrus is shown to have been acquired in breach of the Egyptian antiquities law of 1912. The article reveals how Carl Schmidt (1868–1938), the collector who acquired the manuscript for the Hamburg library, by concealing information, tried to cover up his own criminal involvement in the smuggling of the manuscript. Through the investigation of a manuscript that was acquired by a public German institution in awareness of its illegality, the article hopes to contribute to current debates on the translocation of cultural heritage artefacts to Europe and the US in the age of European colonialism and imperialism.
Singing Against the Grain: How Ivan Kavaleridze Navigated Socialist Realism in His Film Opera Natalka Poltavka (1936)
Authors: Menzelevskyi Stanislav
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the first attempts of Soviet culture to produce a hybrid genre of film opera in the mid-1930s. It traces the artistic background of Ukrainian sculptor and filmmaker Ivan Kavaleridze who was chosen to pioneer the new genre, as well as the complex national dynamic between Russian and non-Russian Soviet republics amidst the stabilization of Socialist Realist conventions and the launch of the anti-formalist campaign in the ussr. Finally, it addresses the issues of russification, exoticization and alienation of Ukrainian film culture of the time.
A new genus and species of Parastenocarididae Chappuis, 1940 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from the Espinhaço Mountain Range (Brazil) with an unclear phylogenetic position within the Fontinalicaridinae Schminke, 2010
Authors: CORGOSINHO PAULO HENRIQUE COSTA , ROCHA CARLOS EDUARDO FALAVIGNA DA , NEVES GILMAR PERBICHE , CALIXTO BRUNO ROCHA ATHAYDE , MENDES MARIA FERNANDA LOPES , SCHIZAS NIKOLAOS V.
Published: September 2024

Tupinicaris gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate a new hyporheic species of Parastenocarididae found in the northern portion of the Espinhaço mountain range (Minas Gerais, Brazil), in the Jequitinhonha River basin. Tupinicaris rupestris gen. et sp. nov. is included within the Fontinalicaridinae due to the presence of a long male and female pereopod five, the distal rim of which reaches beyond the middle of the next urosomite in the male or the middle of the genital double somite in the female; in the furca, the lateral setae are inserted on its proximal third, with a large gap occurring between them and the dorsal seta, which is inserted on the distal third; the female endopod of the pereopod 3 is a short blunt segment (although and unusually with a distal spine), and the female genital field is longer than its width. The new genus is supported by the presence of the following putative autapomorphies: Very long male and female outer spine on the first exopodite of pereopod 2, as long as 3/4 of the first and second exopodites combined; basis of male pereopod 3 with a small uncinate bulge proximally to the setiform endopod, first exopodite straight but expanding distally, followed by a scythe-shaped apophysis fused to the first exopodite, and hook-shaped thumb shorter than apophysis; basis of male pereopod 4 with a strong spinule inserted anteriorly to the thin and long endopod which is almost as long as the first exopodite; endopod of female pereopod 4 is longer than exopodite 1, almost reaching the tip of exopodite 2; pereopod 5 of male and female long, with 3 outer setae and a distal hyaline cushion probably representing a transformed seta; T-shaped female genital field more than two thirds longer than the whole length of the genital double somite; telson of male and female with a ventral and distally inserted medial and bifid spiniform processes, internal to the furcal insertion. The phylogenetic position of the new genus within the Fontinalicaridinae is unclear.
Chronic Urticaria in Children: A Single-Center Retrospective Study From Turkey
Authors: Topkarci Zeynep , Gökçedağ Ünsal Gizem , Can Kuru Burçe , Erdoğan Bilgen
Published: September 2024

The studies on childhood chronic urticaria (CU) are limited. We aimed to investigate the epidemiological and etiological factors of children with CU. Demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, and etiological factors of patients diagnosed with CU younger than the age of 18 were retrospectively evaluated. Of the 124 participants, 68 (54.8%) were aged 12 and older. Angioedema accompanied 18.5% of the patients. Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) was found in 75%, while 24.2% had chronic inducible urticaria. Symptomatic dermographism (16.1%) was the most common among chronic inducible urticaria, followed by cholinergic urticaria (4.8%). No etiological factor could be detected in 56.5% of the children. Infections (29.8%) were the most common etiological factor, followed by drugs (8%). Dental problems (16.9%) were the primary infections associated with CU. Chronic urticaria prevalence in children increased with age, with CSU being the most common type. Infections played a significant role in childhood CU.
The Role of Negative Age Stereotypes and Sociodemographic Factors in the Intention to Leave Among German University Hospital Nursing Staff
Authors: Helaß Madeleine , Greinacher Anja , Müller Andreas , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Maatouk Imad , Nikendei Christoph
Published: September 2024

Staff shortages are a global problem in the nursing profession. Negative beliefs about older workers may have detrimental effects on the development and performance capacity of an aging workforce. To date, little is known about the impact of age stereotypes and potential factors on nurses’ intent to leave (ITL). Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess intention to leave and potential predictors (eg, sociodemographic characteristics and age stereotypes) in a large representative sample of nurses in a German university hospital setting. A total of 423 nurses at the University Hospital of Heidelberg participated in a cross-sectional questionnaire study assessing sociodemographic data, age stereotypes using the “Beliefs About Older Workers” questionnaire, and participants’ intentions to leave and give up their profession. Questionnaires were returned by 423 nurses (13.7% response rate). The results revealed that negative age stereotypes were highly prevalent. Significant correlations between age and negative age stereotypes were found, indicating that the younger the nurses were, the more negative their age stereotypes were. Most nurses with negative age stereotypes had no intention to leave their profession; however, the majority of nurses could not imagine working in the profession until they retired. Despite the low response rate, the results of the current study suggest that organizational and societal measures to reduce age stereotypes should be directed at newcomers and young nurses to retain them in the profession in the long term.
Perceptions of Burnout Among Black Pastors of Small Churches: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Joiner Alyssa V. , Berkel LaVerne A.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore the roles and responsibilities of Black pastors and how they might contribute to burnout. Five participants (four men, one woman) were selected from a sample of 25 Black pastors who completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) and agreed to be interviewed. Transcendental phenomenology, a qualitative analysis, was used to understand the essence of meaning of burnout among the five interview participants. Four themes were identified from the data, which allowed the essence of meaning of burnout to be constructed: (1) Burnout is Emotionally Tiring; (2) Ministerial Demands and Rewards; (3) Cultural Aspects; and (4) Personal Before Professional. Findings suggest that Black pastors are subject to experiencing emotional, physical, and spiritual fatigue; that denomination-specific tasks and cultural factors (i.e., age, race, and gender) add to the uniqueness and challenges of their pastoral identity; and that the choice to prioritize personal life over professional life ensures the stability in their personal relationships with God and their families.
A semblance of freedom: Horkheimer and Adorno’s conception of myth
Authors: Kent James
Published: September 2024

In this paper I argue that the pessimistic reading of Horkheimer and Adorno’s Dialectic of Enlightenment, which suggests reason is ensconced within the domination of myth, misses a key component of the authors' argument. Specifically, it misses the possibility that the liberation from the heteronomy of myth might occur via a critique of myth. Using Owen Hulatt’s reinterpretation of Adorno’s account of the tension between mimesis and self-preservation as a point of orientation, I show that while myth for Horkheimer and Adorno is synonymous with a heteronomous form of life, they simultaneously recognize it as an incomplete but largely untapped mediator of the history of human experience (via language), and thus a promising source of rational self-knowledge. Specifically, myth can illuminate fragments of both the contingent factors that led to human sociality becoming entwined with domination, while also offering momentary reflections of the kinds of life that were relinquished in the drive for instrumentalised survival. I propose that for Horkheimer and Adorno it is myth’s linguistic mediation between a community of speakers and their (often violent and ambiguous) pasts that is unique. It is thus myth’s capacity to offer a meditation on those other possibilities of human existence that presents a renewed chance of enlightenment.
Factors Shaping the Adoption of AI Tools among Gen Z: An Extended UTAUT2 Model Investigation Using CB-SEM
Authors: Kavitha K. , Joshith V. P.
Published: September 2024

Artificial Intelligence, at the forefront of innovation and intelligence, is redefining the pace of life and work, notably within education. This study investigates the determinants influencing Gen Z's behavioral intentions (BI) to integrate AI-powered tools within Indian Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) by extending the UTAUT2 model with four additional constructs: trustworthiness, personal innovativeness, perceived task excellence, and perceived privacy concern. The data gathered from 430 respondents within Indian HEIs through an online survey following purposive sampling was meticulously analyzed using the structural equation modeling approach in AMOS. The findings validate the applicability of the UTAUT2 model for understanding AI tool integration in the Indian context, with an explanatory power of 34.2%. The study highlights the beneficial impact of hedonic motivation, perceived task excellence, facilitating conditions, and performance expectancy on Gen Z's intention to integrate AI tools. Additionally, the study suggests recommendations for future research and outlines implications based on these findings.
Ordinal Clustering Based Homogeneous Road Segments in Asphalt Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Optimized Decision-Making
Authors: Xu Chang , Zeng Qingwei , Chen Lei , Yang Shunxin
Published: September 2024

An increase in the number of work zones on roads and highways will result in more costs from the increased frequency of maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) equipment transfers. The number of M&R decision-making segments can affect decision-making efficiency and the number of work zones. Fixed segmentation and traditional dynamic homogeneous segmentation techniques, such as the cumulative difference approach (CDA) and K-means algorithms, cannot determine the optimal number of decision-making segments. To address this issue, this paper proposes a method to develop a multi-year asphalt pavement M&R plan that incorporates homogeneous road segmentation based on an ordinal clustering approach (OCA). The proposed method first applies an ordinal clustering approach to the survey units to identify homogeneous segments. These segments are then incorporated into a multi-year asphalt pavement M&R optimization decision-making model to determine the M&R plan. Data from 2022 covering 15.9 km of continuous asphalt pavement on the Donglv Highway in Shanxi Province were selected for analysis. These results demonstrate: 1) the OCA exhibits superior decision-making accuracy compared with the CDA; 2) compared with the M&R plans for survey units and CDA for homogeneous segments, the proposed method's M&R plan can be resolved faster and see fewer work zones, all achieved with a similar level of investment and meeting performance improvement; and 3) the M&R plan generated using the proposed method requires lower M&R investment but achieves higher performance compared with the actual M&R plan. These findings validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in producing improved M&R plans.
Effect of fly ash chemical components on epoxy mortar composite material performance
Authors: Cao Pengfei , Liang Guoxing , Lv Ming
Published: September 2024

This study focuses on the application of fly ash (FA)-filled epoxy mortar composite material (EMCM) as a bed material for precision machine tools, emphasizing the impact of fly ash’s primary chemical components (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and CaO) as mono-component or two-component fillers on the mechanical properties of EMCM composite material. The research thoroughly analyzed the porosity, macroscopic mechanical properties, and microstructure of the EMCM. The results revealed that increasing the filler content up to 40% significantly enhances the elastic modulus and compressive strength of the EMCM specimens, despite an increase in porosity. Specific filler combinations, such as SiO2/CaO and CaO/Fe2O3, exhibit superior performance. Additionally, Fe2O3 helps prevent sedimentation, enhancing the material’s uniformity. A comprehensive performance evaluation using the Entropy Weighted Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (EW-TOPSIS) method showed that specimens containing CaO/Fe2O3 exhibited optimal performance, even when considering cost factors.
A Cannabis Crossroads: The Impact of Risk Interpretation on Cannabis-Related Behaviors Among Canadian Youth
Authors: Rowe Emily C. , Donnan Jennifer R. , Drakes Dalainey H. , Bishop Lisa D.
Published: September 2024

Attitudes toward cannabis in Canada are continually shifting, leaving youth vulnerable as they navigate the pre- to post-legalization context. Using the Youth Risk Interpretation (Y-RIF) conceptual framework, our research aimed to explore youth’s interpretation of cannabis-related risks and gather insight into how this dynamic contextual shift influences their decisions. A qualitative study used a series of virtual focus groups with youth ( N = 38; M = 15) living in urban and rural areas of Newfoundland and Labrador that were facilitated by young adults in 2021. An inductive thematic analysis approach was used to code all transcripts, and the identification of themes was informed by the Y-RIF. Our thematic analysis highlights the multitude of contextual factors (e.g., developmental, social, cultural, neurocognitive, geographical, and structural) that influence youths’ perceptions of cannabis-related risks, which in turn impact their cannabis-related decisions. Youths’ exposure to various circumstances, coupled with their internalization of contextual factors, interplay with cognitive processes, personal preferences, and agency. Consequently, this influenced how youth interpreted the risks associated with cannabis and their behaviors. Understanding youths’ risk perception and underlying factors that contribute to unsafe decisions will inform targeted substance use and mental health literacy efforts for youth.
Standardized Temporary Atrial Epicardial Wire Locations Lead to Enhanced Atrial Signal Identification
Authors: Atlas Nir , Zhang Xiao , Torgeson Jenna N. , Hermsen Joshua , Gibson William J. , Harmon Adam M. , Von Bergen Nicholas H.
Published: September 2024

Background: Arrhythmias, common after pediatric cardiac surgery, are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Atrial epicardial wires (AEW) improve diagnostic accuracy but have variable pacing and sensing properties based on their location. Even so, there are no longitudinal prospective pediatric studies examining ideal placement of AEW. Methods: This multicenter study compared atrial amplitudes, pacing sensitivities and thresholds via AEW placed at Bachmann's Bundle (BB) and the interatrial groove near the right pulmonary veins (IGRPV) versus the surgeons’ standard locations. An AtriAmp system was used to obtain an atrial ECG to calculate atrial and ventricular amplitude from atrial electrograms on the bedside monitor. Sensitivities and thresholds via a temporary pacemaker were documented. ANOVA tests with repeated measures and post-hoc pairwise comparisons were performed to compare variables within the first 24-h postoperative hours. Mixed effects linear regression models were employed to examine daily trends. Results: In the first 24-h following cardiac surgery, AEW at BB and IGRPV showed significantly larger atrial amplitudes than the surgeons’ standard locations. In addition, there was a negative trend in atrial ECG amplitude in all AEW from postoperative days 0 to 1; however, subsequent days showed a positive mean change in atrial amplitude with largest increase seen at BB. Atrial sensing as measured by the temporary pacemaker had statistically greater atrial signal amplitude from the BB-IGRPV set in both polarities (ie, with the BB as the – or + electrode pair) as compared to the surgeons’ standard locations. No difference in atrial thresholds (mA) were noted in the immediate postoperative period or over time, with a relatively low atrial threshold at all sites. Conclusion: Standardization of AEW at Bachmann's Bundle can yield largest atrial amplitudes by atrial ECG and highest atrial sensing parameters without compromising atrial thresholds.
Producing ‘The Right Candidate’: The Social Embeddedness of Labour Market Intermediaries for Migrant Workers in the Belgian Construction Sector
Authors: Wuidar Simon , Bakebek Ludovic , Monteith William
Published: September 2024

Structural labour shortages have increased demand for skilled and documented migrant workers in Western European labour markets. In response, private recruitment agencies are playing a more significant role in the identification, placement and integration of migrant workers. While the literature on labour intermediation practices has largely focused on the commercial and contractual work of matching workers with employers, this article develops an embedded understanding of labour intermediation that foregrounds the increasingly social and relational nature of intermediation practices in contexts of labour shortage. Through a qualitative study of intermediation in the Belgian construction sector, the article demonstrates the ways in which private agencies seek to produce the ‘right candidate’ through (i) the infiltration of migrant networks, (ii) the regularisation of migrant workers and (iii) the facilitation of their integration into host societies. These findings advance an expanded understanding of labour intermediation that transcends the conventional matchmaking process.
Globalizing data literacy: Unveiling methodologies and findings from the European Educability project (building the capacity of educators and librarians in information literacy)
Authors: Marzal Miguel-Ángel , Martínez-Cardama Sara , Parra-Valero Pablo
Published: September 2024

The goal of the European Educability project was to create a specific skills program for educators and information professionals covering six key multiliteracies within the new European framework of digital competencies. The focus of the project is placed on the importance of international collaboration in the development of these programs, using one specific literacy as an example: data literacy. This paper provides the working methodology for the project, based on prior definition of the conceptual elements and, subsequently, on the design of a Delphi study in which 15 experts from the partner countries evaluated and reached a consensus on the importance of the learning objectives and training programs presented. The results for data literacy highlight the need to apply replicable methodologies when designing skills programs. The international cooperation work carried out within the framework of the Educability project contributes to standardization in the approach to these programs, as well as in research on multiliteracies.
A 3-Dimensional Morphometric Analysis of 4 Midsagittal Planes for CT Scan Reference Determination in Children with Syndromic Craniosynostosis
Authors: Zheng Lantian , Ramli Norlisah , Abdullah Norli Anida , Hariri Firdaus
Published: September 2024

Objective

To identify the suitable and practical midsagittal plane (MSP) reference for computed tomography (CT) scan skull analysis in patients with syndromic craniosynostosis.

Design

Retrospective study.

Setting

Tertiary referral hospital.

Patients and Participants

A total of 19 full skull CT scans of syndromic craniosynostosis patients.

Methods

Seven craniofacial landmarks located on the midline and 4 MSPs that was previously published and clinically recognized (Planes: SPBaS, SPNSANS, SPLOrPo and SPZFTP) were constructed from the CT images. The absolute distance of every plane from 7 landmarks were then calculated. These distances were subsequently subjected to statistical analysis.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The absolute distance of different MSPs from 7 landmarks.

Results

The distances of landmarks measured to SPBaS were the highest, with the most prominent fluctuation. The fluctuation of the SPNSANS, SPLOrPo and SPZFTP had similar direction changes, with the latter being the closest. Pairwise comparisons demonstrated statistical differences ( P < .008 using the Bonferroni correction) between the measured distances of A point (M = 0.25, SD = 0.16) and B point (M = 2.21, SD = 1.6) to SPNSANS. There were statistical significances between distances of B point (M = 1.68, SD = 1.07) and CG point (M = 0.55, SD = 0.37) to SPZFTP plane. There was no statistical significance on each landmark to SPLOrPo.

Conclusions

The study demonstrates that SPBaS is not recommended for MSP reference. While SPNSANS should be carefully selected, the application of SPLOrPo and SPZFTP are interchangeable, with the SPZFTP plane slightly exaggerating the mandible deviation relative to the superior and posterior of the midface.
Drivers for Nominating First Women Executives: Empirical Evidence From Japanese Firms
Authors: Tanikawa Tomohiko , Jung Yuhee
Published: September 2024

Prior research on women in executive positions (WiE) has focused exclusively on the consequences of WiE by addressing how women executives influence firm strategy and performance, whereas little is known about the antecedents of WiE. However, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the overall impact of women executives on the firm, it is worthwhile to identify the triggers that prompt firms to appoint women executives for the first time. In this study, we have attempted to identify the antecedents of first appointments of women to executive teams (FAWE). On the basis of a theoretical frame incorporating the think crisis–think female perspective into the punctuated equilibrium model, we consider FAWE as the process of the transformational reform of an organization and examine the roles of three factors—firm performance (i.e., ROA and aspirational performance), environmental changes (i.e., industry dynamism, industry munificence, and industry complexity), and new CEO appointments—as antecedents of FAWE. We conducted a panel logistic regression analysis using 20 years of panel data (2000–2019) for Japanese listed firms. Our findings demonstrate that (1) poor firm performance (ROA and aspirational performance) was significantly related to the likelihood of FAWE in the subsequent year, and (2) a new CEO appointment was significantly related to the likelihood of FAWE in the subsequent year, whereas (3) hypotheses regarding environmental changes (industry dynamism, industry munificence, and industry complexity) were not confirmed. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed, along with the study’s limitations and suggestions for future research.
Revision rates of one new and two established hemiarthroplasty heads: a comparative cohort study from the Swedish Arthroplasty Register
Authors: Rogmark Cecilia , Nåtman Jonatan , Overgaard Sören , Mohaddes Maziar
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

The anatomical Lubinus SPII-stem is commonly used in hemi-arthroplasty for femoral neck fractures (FNF), combined with either the bipolar Variocup, the Unipolar Head (UH) and a newly introduced unipolar Modular Trauma Head (MTH). Similar constructs like the MTH are reported to have risk of corrosion and wear. This is the first publication evaluating the MTH.

Aim:

To describe the revision rate of the SPII-stems/heads which were divided into 3 groups (Variocup, UH, MTH). The head types are compared by their rate of revision at 2 years, due to any cause and to dislocation. Revision and mortality rates up to 10 years are reported.

Methods:

This observational cohort study based on prospectively registered data from the Swedish Arthroplasty Register included 33,059 patients with hemiarthroplasty 2005–2021 due to FNF. SPII-stems combined with Variocup ( n = 7,281), UH ( n = 23,980), MTH ( n = 1,798) were included. The follow-up ended at 10 years for Variocup and UH, for MTH at 2 years. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses was used, with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Patients were censored at death or at the end of the study (31 December 2021).

Results:

The 2-year revision rate regardless of cause was similar between the groups: after Variocup 3.5% (CI, 3.1–4.0), UH 3.1% (CI, 2.9–3.4), MTH 3.5% (CI, 2.6–4.5). At 10 years, the Variocup and UH had similar revision rates; 4.6% (CI, 4.0–5.2) and 5.0% (CI, 4.4–5.6). For revision due to dislocation at 2 years Variocup 2.3% (CI, 1.9–2.7) had an inferior outcome compared to UH 1.5% (CI, 1.3–1.7). The MTH had an intermediate outcome, 1.7% (CI, 1.0–2.3). Variocup had a higher dislocation related revision rate, until the 10th year. The 2-year-mortality was 36% (CI, 35–37) after Variocup, 43% (CI, 42–43) after UH and 44% (CI, 41–47) after MTH.

Conclusions:

The hemi-heads have comparable revision rates within 2 and 10 years. The new MTH performs similar to the standard UH. The bipolar Variocup is associated with more revisions due to dislocation.
Patient-reported outcomes in total hip arthroplasty for patients with anatomically contoured femoral heads
Authors: Lim Perry L , Freiberg Andrew A , Melnic Christopher M , Bedair Hany S
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Iliopsoas tendinitis after total hip arthroplasty (THA) has become more prevalent with the increased use of large-diameter femoral heads impinging on native surrounding tissues. Anatomically contoured heads (ACH) are soft-tissue-friendly femoral heads created to minimise this issue. This retrospective study assesses iliopsoas tendinitis prevalence and re-operations in primary THAs with ACH, while determining the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) achievement and improvement with 5 patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 53 ACHs from January 2020 to July 2023. Patients who completed Hip Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score–Physical Function Short Form (HOOS-PS), Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Physical Function Short Form 10a (PF SF-10a), PROMIS Global Health (GH)-Mental, or PROMIS GH-Physical, and pain score questionnaires were identified. PROM scores were collected preoperatively and at 3-month and 1-year postoperative intervals. Comparisons using chi-square and ANOVA tests were applied.

Results:

The rates of achieving MCID and improvement within the first year were (69.2 vs. 76.9%) for PROMIS GH-Physical, (38.5 vs. 46.2%) for PROMIS GH-Mental, (71.4 vs. 92.9%) for HOOS-PS, (80.0 vs. 80.0%) for PROMIS PF SF-10a, and (74.0 vs. 91.7%) for pain scores. PROM scores at 3 months and 1 year significantly varied across all categories, except for PROMIS GH-Mental. No patients had iliopsoas tendinitis, dislocations, or re-operations.

Discussion:

ACH implants may alleviate anterior hip pain, while maintaining comparable strength and bio-compatibility to conventional femoral heads. This study underscores the early safety and potential of ACH implants in reducing iliopsoas tendinitis and impingement.
Carpal tunnel release under local anesthesia with or without distal median nerve block: Double-blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Heikkinen Noora , Nietosvaara Yrjänä , Reito Aleksi , Sirola Joonas , Hytönen Mikael , Savolainen Aukusti , Räisänen Mikko P.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy of the upper extremity, and its surgical treatment is carpal tunnel release (CTR). It is mostly performed in local anesthesia. There are no clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing local infiltration anesthesia with or without a distal median nerve block in CTR. The aim of the PERSONNEL trial (carPal tunnEl ReleaSe lOcal iNfiltratioN mEdian bLockade) is to assess whether a distal median nerve block reduces pain during and after the procedure in addition to local anesthesia.

Methods:

This is a single-center randomized clinical superiority trial comparing local anesthesia alone and local anesthesia with a distal median nerve block for CTR in patients with CTS. Adult patients will be randomized in one university hospital in Finland, and the intended sample size is 118. The primary outcome is the mean pain level after the procedure during 72 h using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The secondary outcomes include expected pain; pain during the injection of the anesthetic solution caused by pressure, burning, needle sting, and total pain; worst pain during the surgery; duration of anesthesia; number of experienced needle stings; Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTSQ); pain killer consumption;, patient satisfaction using Net Promoter Score (NPS); and complications.

Discussion:

Patient satisfaction is a crucial factor in modern healthcare. A distal median nerve block may reduce pain during and after CTR, potentially increasing patient satisfaction with the given treatment. It can also be hypothesized that better postoperative pain control may prevent complications, for example, complex regional pain syndrome. However, we lack adequate evidence to justify the use of distal median nerve block, which can itself predispose patients to complications, for example, median nerve injury. Therefore, there is a need for adequate RCTs to assess its efficacy. The results of this study can be used to optimize anesthesia for carpal tunnel surgery, improve patient satisfaction, and possibly prevent complications.

Registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05372393.
Performance assessment of data-driven models for sky luminance prediction in Indian tropical climate
Authors: Khan NA
Published: September 2024

The precise prediction of sky luminance distribution is inevitable for design of efficient daylighting systems. The lack of measured sky luminance data in developing countries like India makes the current standard design sky models redundant. Most of the designer use Perez sky model for prediction of sky luminance distribution using solar insolation conditions for such locations. Data-driven models using machine learning can be a possible solution for prediction of sky luminance distribution in such locations. The present study compares the prediction accuracy of such data-driven models using four different machine learning techniques and compares the results Perez sky model. It becomes clear from the results that the data-driven model does not perform well when the location is different from the training dataset location, and the Perez sky model gives better results for such cases.
How to Analyze Focus Group Interactions – Development of a Coding Scheme
Authors: Hermann Veronica , Osman Fatumo , Durbeej Natalie , Karlsson Ann-Christin , Sarkadi Anna
Published: September 2024

The value of taking advantage of the participants’ interactions when analyzing focus group data is often stressed. However, there is a lack of detailed descriptions of how focus group data can be merged with interview data, and considered throughout a thematic analysis process. This article describes a systematic way to include focus group interactions in data analysis, using a coding scheme. The aim was threefold: to develop a coding scheme for focus group interactions; to test and describe a process for interaction analysis, merged into the thematic data analysis process, and to test the coding scheme on another dataset. Based on focus group literature a comprehensive coding scheme for analyzing focus group interactions, was developed, including symbols for these interactions. Data from five focus group interviews involving adolescents were subsequently coded using this scheme. Further analysis of the identified interactions was conducted simultaneously with thematic data analysis, using Systematic Text Condensation (STC) as an illustrative method. The coding scheme was then tested on data from a different focus group involving adolescents in another setting. A comparison between the two coders was made, leading to a slight modification of the coding scheme. The resulting coding scheme is a practical tool adding to the previous knowledge on focus group interaction analysis. More specifically, the scheme facilitates focus group interactions to be visible and accounted for thought the thematic analysis process.
Machine cross-domain remaining useful life prediction via contrastive adversarial variational recurrent method
Authors: Hu Jingwen , Wang Yashun , Chen Xun
Published: September 2024

The performance degradation process of the machine is non-stationary which varies with the operating environment and is reflected as a temporal shift phenomenon. Models or methods that assume the test and training sets have the same distribution will no longer be suitable for solving problems where domain shifts exist. This brings new challenges for accurately evaluating the machine’s remaining useful life (RUL). This paper studies a contrastive adversarial variational recurrent method for machine RUL prediction under different service conditions. In this new approach, the variational recurrent networks are developed to extract distribution features and latent spaces of raw data, meanwhile, the adversarial strategies are applied to enable the learning of domain-invariant features to make the model achieve cross-domain task processing. To supervise the learning process of the model to learn more mutual information between the extracted features and the raw input data, a contrastive loss is also introduced in the proposed method. Sufficient experiments were conducted to verify the feasibility and superiority of the suggested approach, including 12 sets of cross-scenario tests on the turbofan engine dataset C-MAPSS from NASA. Experimental findings confirm that the proposed method performs satisfactorily and competitively even compared to current state-of-the-art works.
Noticing health warning labels and intentions to quit smokeless tobacco products: results from two Global Adult Tobacco Survey rounds, India
Authors: Rana Kirtan , Verma Madhur , Lal Pranay
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Health warning labels (HWLs) are one of the key strategies for tobacco control. The current study assessed the individual characteristics affecting the noticeability of HWLs and the thought of quitting smokeless tobacco (SLT) on noticing HWLs. We further estimated the temporal changes in noticeability and thought of quitting after noticing HWLs over time in India.

Methods:

Data from two rounds (2009–2010 and 2016–2017) of GATS (Global Adult Tobacco Survey) from India were analysed to understand the pattern of SLT usage and estimate the relative changes in the noticeability of HWLs and the thought of quitting SLT among those who noticed HWLs. Sampling weights were used during the analysis. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to explore the determinants for the noticeability of HWLs and encourage the intention to quit SLT after noticing the HWLs.

Results:

About 25.9% and 20.6% of participants consumed SLT daily or non-daily in two rounds of GATS. Overall, there was a 14% relative increase in noticing the HWLs and a 20% increase in the thought of quitting in GATS-2 compared with GATS-1. The adjusted odds ratio of observing HWLs among SLT users was 1.51 times (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.44–1.58) in round 2 compared with round 1, while the odds ratio concerning the thought of quitting SLT after noticing HWLs was 1.95 times (95% CI, 1.84–2.06) in round 2 compared with round 1.

Conclusions:

We observe a consistent increase in the noticeability of HWLs and intentions to quit in SLT users, with significant variations across socio-demographic characteristics calling for concerted efforts. SLT being the major form of tobacco usage in India and Asian countries, HWLs alone cannot bring down the consumption rates, and it needs to be supported by strict implementation of SLT legislation for long-lasting impact.
Configurational risks and innovation performance of complex product systems development: A fsQCA lens
Authors: Ruan Furong , Feng Nanping , Wei Fenfen , Wang Youying , Lu Guangyan
Published: September 2024

Complex products and systems (CoPS) development demands effective risk management, which is frequently impeded by a lack of clarity regarding the impact of risks on performance. This study aims to investigate how multiple risks jointly affect innovation performance in CoPS projects. Based on the configurational theory and WSR framework, we use fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) with data from 97 CoPS projects and examine the combined effects of risks on innovation performance. We identify two types leading to high innovation performance and four patterns causing low innovation performance. The results verify the asymmetrical causality of the influence of risks on innovation performance in CoPS projects. The findings contribute to broadening the relationship studies of risk and innovation performance by adopting an empirical method in the context of CoPS. Moreover, our study can help managers implement flexible risk management activities within CoPS projects, by addressing several equivalent and distinctive paths.
Vascularized characteristics and functional regeneration of three-dimensional cell reconstruction of oral mucosa equivalents based on vascular homeostasis phenotypic modification
Authors: Shi Lijuan , Xu Yiwen , Li Jingying , He Li , Li Kaiyu , Yin Shigang , Nie Minhai , Liu Xuqian
Published: September 2024

Our prior research has effectively developed tissue-engineered vascularized oral mucosa equivalents (VOME); however, challenges such as low repeatability and stability, as well as the inability to accurately replicate the complexity of real blood vessels, were encountered. Therefore, this study aimed to screen the VOME and native oral mucosa vascular homeostasis phenotypes by tandem mass tag-tagged proteomics associated with laser capture microdissection and human angiogenesis antibody array technology. Then, lentiviruses were constructed and stably transfected with vascular endothelial-like cells (VELCs) to detect angiogenic capacity. HE, EdU Apollo tracer staining, immunofluorescence staining, scanning electron microscopy, biomechanical testing, and a small animal ultrasound imaging system were used to analyze the characteristics of vascularization homeostasis and monitor functional regeneration of the vascularized homeostatic phenotypic oral mucosal equivalents (VHPOME). The results showed that PGAM1, COL5A1, ANG, and RNH1 are potential specific angiogenesis phenotypes. High expression of PGAM1, COL5A1, and ANG and/or low expression of RNH1 can promote the angiogenesis of VOME. ANG/shRNH1 has the most significant tube-like structure-formation ability. The expression of PGAM1, COL5A1, and ANG in the VHPOME group was higher than that of the control group, and the expression of RNH1 was lower than that of the control group. COL5A1/ANG can significantly improve the mechanical properties. The blood flow signal was most significant in the ANG/shRNH1 group. PGAM1, COL5A1, ANG, shRNH1, PGAM1/ANG, COL5A1/ANG, PGAM1/shRNH1, PGAM1/shRNH1, COL5A1/shRNH1, and ANG/shRNH1 may be the targets for establishing vascularization homeostasis and functional regeneration of oral mucosal equivalent genes (groups), and ANG/shRNH1 has the most significant effect.
Integrating technology into school-wide adoption of flipped learning: Perceptions of a school principal
Authors: Guo Lina , Wang Chuang , Williams P John
Published: September 2024

Integrating technology into teaching and learning is important for effective education in the 21st Century. School instructional leadership plays a crucial role in determining the success of school technological transformation. This paper focuses on the instructional leadership practice in a school-wide flipped learning adoption process. It examines a school principal’s instructional leadership practice in a middle-high boarding school in China. In-depth interviews and document analysis were used as tools for data collection. The findings reveal that involving teachers as researchers is a powerful technique for managing successful instructional reform when integrating technology into classroom practice. The school principal’s lived experiences and philosophy of education contribute to the commitment of the transformation process, which in turn motivated the principal to initiate and conduct instructional reform. Moreover, the school principal is expected to be a critical actor for the overall management when mobilising teacher engagement and other available resources in the school context. The implications for practitioners are discussed.
Exploring the Power of Brand Extension in Museums. Insights from the Louvre Abu Dhabi
Authors: Virto Nuria Recuero , Aldas Manzano Joaquin , Blasco López Francis , García-Madariaga Jesús
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the Louvre Abu Dhabi as a brand extension of the Louvre in France, focusing on factors influencing brand extension attitude and its impact on visit intention. Data from 934 questionnaires are analyzed using partial least squares in a multi-group study. The research aims to enrich discourse on tourist brands by examining brand image, perceived fit, and perceived brand localness within the context of the Louvre Abu Dhabi project. Results suggest a potential correlation between positive brand extension evaluation and increased future visits, highlighting practical implications for brand management in cultural tourism. The study also raises theoretical questions regarding global marketing research, emphasizing the need for an integrative approach to understand brand extension attitude’s role in enhancing visit intention.