bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fluctuations of radio occultation signals in sounding the Earth's atmosphere
Authors: Kan Valery , Gorbunov Michael E. , Sofieva Viktoria F.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. We discuss the relationships that link the observed fluctuation spectra of the amplitude and phase of signals used for the radio occultation sounding of the Earth's atmosphere, with the spectra of atmospheric inhomogeneities. Our analysis employs the approximation of the phase screen and of weak fluctuations. We make our estimates for the following characteristic inhomogeneity types: 1) the isotropic Kolmogorov turbulence and 2) the anisotropic saturated internal gravity waves. We obtain the expressions for the variances of the amplitude and phase fluctuations of radio occultation signals, as well as their estimates for the typical parameters of inhomogeneity models. From the GPS/MET observations, we evaluate the spectra of the amplitude and phase fluctuations in the altitude interval from 4 to 25 km in the middle and polar latitudes. As indicated by theoretical and experimental estimates, the main contribution into the radio signal fluctuations comes from the internal gravity waves. The influence of the Kolmogorov turbulence is negligible. We derive simple relationships that link the parameters of internal gravity waves and the statistical characteristics of the radio signal fluctuations. These results may serve as the basis for the global monitoring of the wave activity in the stratosphere and upper troposphere.
Continuous Light Absorption Photometer for Long-Term Studies
Authors: Ogren John A. , Wendell Jim , Andrews Elisabeth , Sheridan Patrick J.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. A new photometer for continuous measurements of aerosol light absorption coefficient, optimized for long-term studies of the climate-forcing properties of aerosols, is described. Measurements of the light attenuation coefficient are made at blue, green, and red wavelengths, with a detection limit of 0.02 Mm−1 and a precision of 4 % for hourly averages. The uncertainty of the light absorption coefficient is primarily determined by the uncertainty of the correction scheme commonly used to convert the measured light attenuation to light absorption coefficient, and ranges from about 20 % at sites with high loadings of strongly-absorbing aerosols up to 100 % or more at sites with low loadings of weakly-absorbing aerosols. Much lower uncertainties (ca. 40 %) for the latter case can be achieved with an advanced correction scheme.
The smoothing effect for renewable resources in an Afro-Eurasian power grid
Authors: Krutova Maria , Kies Alexander , Schyska Bruno U. , von Bremen Lueder
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Renewable power systems have to cope with highly variable generation. Increasing the spatial extent of an interconnected power transmission grid smooths the feed-in by exchange of excess energy over long distances and therefore supports renewable power integration. In this work, we investigate and quantify the balancing potential of a supergrid covering Europe, Africa and Asia. We use ten years of historical weather data to model the interplay of renewable generation and consumption and show that a pan-continental Afro-Eurasian supergrid can smooth renewable generation to a large extent and reduce the need for backup energy by around 50 %. In addition, we show that results for different weather years vary by up to approximately 50 %.
Antarctic climate and ice-sheet configuration during the early Pliocene interglacial at 4.23 Ma
Authors: Golledge Nicholas R. , Thomas Zoë A. , Levy Richard H. , Gasson Edward G. W. , Naish Timothy R. , McKay Robert M. , Kowalewski Douglas E. , Fogwill Christopher J.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The geometry of Antarctic ice sheets during warm periods of the geological past is difficult to determine from geological evidence, but is important to know because such reconstructions enable a more complete understanding of how the ice-sheet system responds to changes in climate. Here we investigate how Antarctica evolved under orbital and greenhouse gas conditions representative of an interglacial in the early Pliocene at 4.23 Ma, when Southern Hemisphere insolation reached a maximum. Using offline-coupled climate and ice-sheet models, together with a new synthesis of high-latitude palaeoenvironmental proxy data to define a likely climate envelope, we simulate a range of ice-sheet geometries and calculate their likely contribution to sea level. In addition, we use these simulations to investigate the processes by which the West and East Antarctic ice sheets respond to environmental forcings and the timescales over which these behaviours manifest. We conclude that the Antarctic ice sheet contributed 8.6 ± 2.8 m to global sea level at this time, under an atmospheric CO2 concentration identical to present (400 ppm). Warmer-than-present ocean temperatures led to the collapse of West Antarctica over centuries, whereas higher air temperatures initiated surface melting in parts of East Antarctica that over one to two millennia led to lowering of the ice-sheet surface, flotation of grounded margins in some areas, and retreat of the ice sheet into the Wilkes Subglacial Basin. The results show that regional variations in climate, ice-sheet geometry, and topography produce long-term sea-level contributions that are non-linear with respect to the applied forcings, and which under certain conditions exhibit threshold behaviour associated with behavioural tipping points.
LPJmL4 – a dynamic global vegetation model with managed land: Part II – Model evaluation
Authors: Schaphoff Sibyll , Forkel Matthias , Müller Christoph , Knauer Jürgen , von Bloh Werner , Gerten Dieter , Jägermeyr Jonas , Lucht Wolfgang , Rammig Anja , Thonicke Kirsten , Waha Katharina
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The dynamic global vegetation model LPJmL4 is a process-based model that simulates climate and land-use change impacts on the terrestrial biosphere, the water and carbon cycle and on agricultural production. Different versions of the model have been developed and applied to evaluate the role of natural and managed ecosystems in the Earth system and potential impacts of global environmental change. A comprehensive model description of the new model version, LPJmL4, is provided in a companion paper (Schaphoff et al., submitted). Here, we provide a full picture of the model performance, going beyond standard benchmark procedures, give hints of the strengths and shortcomings of the model to identify the need of further model improvement. Specifically, we evaluate LPJmL4 against various datasets from in-situ measurement sites, satellite observations, and agricultural yield statistics. We apply a range of metrics to evaluate the quality of the model to simulate stocks and flows of carbon and water in natural and managed ecosystems at different temporal and spatial scales. We show that an advanced phenology scheme improves the simulation of seasonal fluctuations in the atmospheric CO2 concentration while the permafrost scheme improves estimates of carbon stocks. The full LPJmL4 code including the new developments will be supplied Open Source through a Gitlab repository. We hope that this will lead to new model developments and applications that improve model performance and possibly build up a new understanding of the terrestrial biosphere.
Soil water stable isotopes reveal evaporation dynamics at the soil–plant–atmosphere interface of the critical zone
Authors: Sprenger Matthias , Tetzlaff Doerthe , Soulsby Chris
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Understanding the influence of vegetation on water storage and flux in the upper soil is crucial in assessing the consequences of climate and land use change. We sampled the upper 20 cm of podzolic soils at 5 cm intervals in four sites differing in their vegetation (Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) and heather (Calluna sp. and Erica Sp)) and aspect. The sites were located within the Bruntland Burn long-term experimental catchment in the Scottish Highlands, a low energy, wet environment. Sampling took place on 11 occasions between September 2015 and September 2016 to capture seasonal variability in isotope dynamics. The pore waters of soil samples were analyzed for their isotopic composition (δ2H and δ18O) with the direct-equilibration method. Our results show that the soil waters in the top soil are, despite the low potential evaporation rates in such northern latitudes, kinetically fractionated compared to the precipitation input throughout the year. This fractionation signal decreases within the upper 15 cm resulting in the top 5 cm being isotopically differentiated to the soil at 15–20 cm soil depth. There are significant differences in the fractionation signal between soils beneath heather and soils beneath Scots pine, with the latter being more pronounced. But again, this difference diminishes within the upper 15 cm of soil. The enrichment in heavy isotopes in the topsoil follows a seasonal hysteresis pattern, indicating a lag time between the fractionation signal in the soil and the increase/decrease of soil evaporation in spring/autumn. Based on the kinetic enrichment of the soil water isotopes, we estimated the soil evaporation losses to be about 5 and 10 % of the infiltrating water for soils beneath heather and Scots pine, respectively. The high sampling frequency in time (monthly) and depth (5 cm intervals) revealed high temporal and spatial variability of the isotopic composition of soil waters, which can be critical, when using stable isotopes as tracers to assess plant water uptake patterns within the critical zone or applying them to calibrate tracer-aided hydrological models either at the plot to the catchment scale.
Volume 8 Issue 2
Authors: Nelson Karen , Creagh Tracy , Clarke John
Published: July 2017

This issue is our third Students, Transitions, Achievement, Retention and Success (STARS) Conference special issue held in July this year in Adelaide, Australia.   As is customary, this issue of the journal publishes the top research papers selected via a peer review process and the top Emerging Initiatives selected by the Conference Committee.   
We are delighted to feature in this special  issue —Reflections on Student Persistence—prepared by Advisory Board member Professor Vincent Tinto, Distinguished University Professor Emeritus at Syracuse University, USA.  Vincent is a long-time friend and supporter of STARS and its predecessor FYHE Conferences and Journal.   In his article, Vincent explores the case for motivation to be considered as a significant aspect of the tertiary student psyche by drawing on theoretical frameworks, research and practical experiences related to the issue.
Constructing a Scale to Assess Psychological Stress among Employees Working with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Alqaisy Lama M. , Shqerat Entesar A. , Thawabieh Ahmad M.
Published: July 2017

This study aimed at constructing a scale to assess psychological stress among employees working with intellectual disabilities, to accomplish that, the researchers constructed the scale and used 58 employees working at these centers to explore its psychometric characteristics. The results indicated that the level of psychological stress among the employees was mid, and the psychometric characteristics were appropriate.
Navigating the Experience of an Adult Piano Student
Authors: Kang Soyeon
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study is to expand understanding about how adult music students seek and create personal and social meaning. This narrative inquiry of an adult beginning-piano student, Mr. K, who began to learn to play the piano at the age of 56, illuminates how an adult piano student connects his experience of learning music and his life experience as an 18-wheeler truck driver. This study also examines how storytelling helped the teller find motivation and meaning for his learning. Data included interviews focused on Mr. K’s life story, his self-filmed videos of piano practicing in his truck cab, his journal describing his practice, and the researcher’s journal written after Mr. K’s piano lessons. Following data generation, the researcher identified several emergent themes reflecting Mr. K’s perceptions of his music learning experience: (a) motivation and self-directed learning, (b) life experience as a resource for learning, and (c) the power of storytelling. This study suggests that students of any age and in any setting, like this adult piano student, may have their own wellspring(s) of musical experience that connect past, present, and future learning.
The Story of a Man Without Lips: Representational Politics in Iranian Music Education
Authors: Niknafs Nasim
Published: July 2017

Owing to the geopolitical and sociohistorical changes occurring in the Middle East, and more particularly, the political aftermath of the 1979 Revolution in Iran, the international news media tends to politicize and overlook the richness of urban Iranian youth’s music making and learning habits. The absence of music courses in public education of the young does not indicate the absence of music making and learning; rather, we must look beyond the formal discourse of music education to find salient and unexpected forms of music education. Through narrative inquiry, this article examines the life story of Behzad, a rock musician in Tehran, who persevered through his often-interrupted but creative process of music learning and making. Together with his peers, Behzad has fashioned a meaningful music education scene that speaks to his adaptability, determination, passion, and strong drive toward music learning. Through Behzad’s stories, I present questions regarding what music education stands for and what it means to learn music the way Behzad has.
Writing Sport Online: An Analysis of the Pitfalls and Potential of Academic Blogging
Authors: Linden Andrew D. , Pieper Lindsay Parks
Published: July 2017

Opportunities abound for scholars’ digital engagement. Among the numerous available technologies, blogging has emerged as a medium that presents both opportunities and challenges for academics. Although scholars have reflected on the values and drawbacks of blogging in academia, few have specifically analyzed academic sport blogs. This paper uses a content analysis of six sport-specific online forums to examine the composition of contributors and the content of posts, as well as the pitfalls and potential of academic sport blogging. Our analysis suggests that, while blogging offers novel opportunities for scholars, the forum simultaneously reifies problems already present in sport scholarship and academia.
The Culture of Moving Dots: Toward a History of Counting and of What Counts in Basketball
Authors: Colás Yago
Published: July 2017

Advanced analytics in professional basketball depends heavily on digital technologies for acquiring and processing data and for representing and disseminating performance evaluation. These digital technologies have transformed the tactics, techniques, and styles of play in the sport in little over five years. They have also transformed the tools, methods, and contents of historical thinking—whether scholarly or popular—about the sport’s development and the relationship between contemporary trends and its past. This paper historicizes, contextualizes, and critically engages this shift toward quantitative thinking in basketball culture by emphasizing dimensions of the sport and ways of approaching it, such as the social, political, and aesthetic, that the contemporary fascination with counting tends to marginalize.
Digital Sport History, with Costs: An Ecocentric Critique
Authors: TePoel Dain
Published: July 2017

With few exceptions, sport historians have neglected to examine the relationship between sport and the environment. In this paper, I argue the “digital turn” offers an opportunity for sport historians to consider the environmental cost stemming from the proliferation of digital media technologies, including the masking of its materiality. I discuss the implications of Richard Maxwell and Toby Miller’s ecocentric critique of the production, consumption, and disposal of digital media technologies, and delineate what an environmental history of sport and sport media might take into account. I conclude with a consideration of the environmental risks that accompany digital humanities and digital history approaches for research, publishing, and pedagogy, and propose that the incorporation of environmental justice aims in digital sport history projects would help situate the field in a productive tension that simultaneously reproduces and resists environmental devastation.
Blackboard as a Motivator for Saudi EFL Students: A Psycholinguistic Study
Authors: Ali Jamal Kaid Mohammed
Published: July 2017

Blackboard is a learning management system (LMS) that provides students with an opportunity to access the course at their convenience. Blackboard makes it possible for students to do online activities, interact with other students and their teachers, review instructional materials, and listen to the recorded classes. Students can also attend live lectures and discussion via virtual classes (collaborative blackboard) from homes, cafés, or from anywhere they choose. All of these features can be accessed by students anytime and anywhere. This facility might motivate English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students to study effectively and efficiently. The purpose of this research is to investigate the use of Blackboard system in teaching and learning and evaluate its influence on motivating Saudi English students. It looks at the role of Blackboard on English students’ motivation from their own point of view and tries to determine whether or not students encounter issues that affect their motivation. El-Seoud et al. (2014, p. 2) believe that “the success or failure of online instruction is perhaps related to student motivation”. This study is conducted at the University of Bisha in Saudi Arabia. The sample consisted of 80 students from the English Department. This is a mixed method study of the students who use Blackboard for online learning. The study found that using Blackboard motivated students to work harder and learn better than traditional methods of learning. It also found that students believe that Blackboard is a motivating factor. Some demotivating factors have also been identified in this study.
The Impact of Teachers’ Aural Input Enhancement vs. Textual Enhancement in Learners’ Awareness of Ungrammatical Forms
Authors: Zanjan Faranak Rostamloofard
Published: July 2017

Explicit teaching of grammar for the first time became prevalent in Grammar Translation Method. This method was mainly used for teaching the classical languages of Greek and Latin. Attention plays a fundamental role in all areas of L2 learning. This research focused on raising learners’ awareness through input enhancement. It attempted to compare the effects of visual enhancement and aural enhancement on the learning of new grammar forms. The research question was whether there was any statistically significant difference between visual and aural enhancement on the learning of new grammar points. To answer this research question, the researcher selected sixty learners from a language institute. Having been homogenized, each intact group which included thirty learners received the treatment. One group was taught through visual enhancement and another through aural input enhancement. The data collected through tests was analyzed through an independent t-test. The result indicated that visual enhancement was more useful than an aural enhancement.
ESP Course Evaluation of Business Communication for Masters in Commerce of a Pakistani University
Authors: Aziz Aamir , Ghani Mamuna
Published: July 2017

English is the Language of globally expanding world of trade and commerce. English for Specific Purposes (ESP) is time-honored area of English Language Teaching (ELT), and it is by a long way at variance from General English (GE) because of its practical efficacy and learner centered approach. The need of ESP (Business Communication) at post-graduate colleges of commerce and departments of commerce of universities at master’s level classes is to outfit the students with most recent communicative trends so that they can become resourceful members of some reputed business house. In the present study the researchers have done ESP course evaluation of the current course of Business Communication for Masters in Commerce classes of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. This course is taught at public and private sector post-graduate colleges of commerce affiliated with the university in the first year of two year master’s degree program. For this purpose the researchers have used questionnaire for the students and interview for the teachers. After analysis of results, the current study presents the conclusion that the current course of Business Communication is unable to fulfill all the professional needs of the students and is also unable to link theory with practice. It needs improvement having in view the modern tendency in the field of Business Communication, the needs of the future experts and the requirements of national and international business concerns.
A Review of the Literature on the Integration of Technology into the Learning and Teaching of English Language Skills
Authors: Gilakjani Abbas Pourhosein
Published: July 2017

Technologies have dramatically changed the way people gather information, carry out research, and communicate with others worldwide. Technology has removed the distance obstacles and has made it possible for higher education to effectively teach anyone. Technology integration is being increasingly used in instruction to improve teaching and learning. This rapid development of technology integration has presented a better pattern to find the new teaching models. Consequently, it has a key role in learning and teaching language skills. The integration of technology to create a context to teach and learn English skills has a lot of advantages. The fundamental aim of this paper is to review the issues related to technology integration in the learning and teaching of language skills. In this paper, the researcher defines the term technology integration, expresses the reason of integrating technology, explains the role of technologies in promoting learning, elaborates teachers’ roles and learners’ roles, reviews previous studies on the benefits of technology in the learning and teaching of language skills, indicates the situation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Iran, and finally mentions the recommendations for the successful integration of technology. The review of literature revealed that the integration of technology into the classrooms considerably improves the learning and teaching of English language skills.
Superdiversiteit en de informele stad
Authors: Geldof Dirk
Published: July 2017

Superdiversity and the informal city. Hidden and temporary citizens as part of complexity

The main cities in the Netherlands and Belgium are becoming superdiverse majority-minority cities. This implies more than increasing diversity, but involves an increasing diversification of diversity and (contested) processes of normalization of diversity. The article explores the increase of temporary citizens and undocumented migrants as part of this transition. The rise of intra-EU-migration and transmigration contributes to an increase of temporary citizens. Using the case of Antwerp (Belgium), the article analyses the presence of undocumented migrants, using data of the collective regularization in Belgium in 2009, and of transmigrants, building upon an explorative research in Antwerp & Brussels in 2015.
Treatment of Odontogenic Keratocyst: A Case Report
Authors: Koparal Mahmut , Adiguzel Ozkan
Published: July 2017

Aim: Odontogenic keratocysts are aggressive lesions characterised   by a high recurrence risk ratio due to dental lamina residues in mandibular and maxillary regions. Odontogenic keratocysts appear distinct from other jaw cysts.
Methodology: In this report, a 35-year-old male patient was admitted to our clinic with numbness in the left mandible; the patient had also been admitted approximately 1 year previously complaining of paraesthesia, which subsequently progressed to complete numbness. During intraoral examination luxation was detected in the mandibular left second molar tooth. No carries or periodontal abnormalities were observed. In panoramic images a radiolucent lesion was detected, with regular boundaries, in the area of interest. Results: The mass was enucleated under local anaesthesia and second molar teeth were extracted. During histopathological examination the mass was determined as a keratocyst.
Conclusions: In the present case, surgical treatment was performed. 
How to cite this article: Koparal M, Adiguzel O.  Treatment of Odontogenic Keratocyst: A Case Report. Int Dent Res 2016;6:13-15.
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Hemisection: Two case reports
Authors: Falakaloglu Seda , Adiguzel Ozkan , Oztekin Faruk , Deger Yalcin , Ozdemir Gokhan
Published: July 2017

Aim: This report discusses root and endodontic treatment as well as dental endodontic treatment of remaining roots using hemisection.    An array of prosthetic approaches is described.
Methodology: These two case reports describe multidisciplinary prosthetic restoration of teeth using a hemisection procedure.
Results: It was possible to obtain successful results in problematic cases where the root failed to respond to endodontic treatment using a multidisciplinary approach combining endodontic treatment with restorative or prosthetic restorations of the intact root.
Conclusions: Hemisection is a suitable alternative approach to extraction for the effective and conservative treatment of affected teeth using periodontal and endodontic treatment. 
How to cite this article: Falakaloglu S, Adiguzel O, Oztekin F, Deger Y, Ozdemir G. Hemisection: Two case reports Int Dent Res 2016;6:16-20.
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Nowe koncepcje zarządzania ludźmi
Authors: Karaś Piotr
Published: July 2017

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Wykształcenie jako czynnik determinujący długość życia
Authors: Kunasz Marek
Published: July 2017

The paper contains analyses of life expectancy mainly in the context of its
relation to the level of individual’s education. The data was referred to the specific
Eurostat researches which take the above mentioned criterion of population’s
division into consideration. 14 EU countries (including Poland) and 2 countries,
which are not in the EU territory, were included in the research. The project was
carried out from 2007 to 2010. The life expectancy of 30‑year‑old individuals
was examined, assuming that the first effects of investment in the human capital
connected with education are revealed at this age (deliberations were set in the
economic theory of the human capital).

Keywords: human capital, investments in human capital, health in theory of human capital, education, life expectancy.
Zarządzanie pracownikami w dojrzałym wieku. Wyzwania i problemy
Authors: Zakrzewska Iwona
Published: July 2017

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Uniwersytet przedsiębiorczy i odpowiedzialny społecznie
Authors: Andrzejczak Aldona
Published: July 2017

W  prezentowanym tekście podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy można połączyć w realnej działalności ideę uniwersytetu przedsiębiorczego z jego społeczną odpowiedzialnością i w jaki sposób radzą sobie z tym polskie uniwersytety. Ukazano genezę koncepcji uniwersytetu przedsiębiorczego i jego odpowiedzialności, a także w tym kontekście przed‑ stawiono najważniejsze zmiany w funkcjonowaniu szkół wyższych w Polsce.
O potrzebie badania interesów pracowniczych
Authors: Gableta Małgorzata
Published: July 2017

Objaśnianie współczesnych realiów gospodarowania, w  tym stosunków pracy, wymaga uwzględnienia kategorii interesów. W artykule skoncentrowano się głównie na interesach pracowników. Stwierdzono, że dbałość o ich realizację sprzyja aktywizacji zatrudnionych. Wśród interesów rozpoznanych w procesie badań empirycznych w szerszym zakresie sku‑ piono się na bezpieczeństwie zatrudnienia, rozpatrując je przez pryzmat trwałości więzi z przedsiębiorstwem. Wskazano także na inne kryteria różnicowania omawianych inte‑ resów, ważne z punktu widzenia przesłanek ich rozpatrywania. Przedstawione podejście do wiedzy o  interesach znalazło odzwierciedlenie w  opracowanej formule zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem zorientowanego na człowieka. Preferowany kierunek poszukiwań badawczych, oparty na kategorii interesów, uznano za szczególnie ważny w warunkach postępującego uelastyczniania zatrudnienia.
Zarządzanie zasobami ludzkimi, kierunki zmian, nowe wyzwania XXI wieku
Authors: Janowska Zdzisława
Published: July 2017

Zjawiska światowe w  makrootoczeniu organizacji (kryzys finansowy, dekoniunktura,
recesja, bezrobocie, ubóstwo społeczne, przemiany polityczne, migracja ludności, kryzys
demograficzny) oddziałują pośrednio i bezpośrednio na zmianę paradygmatu zarządzania, a w tym zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi i polityki społecznej. Prezentowane treści
dowodzą, że aktualne zdobycze nauki wymagają rewizji, bowiem standardy zarządzania
zasobami ludzkimi służą głównie „wybranej” grupie pracowników, tj. kadrze menedżerskiej i  wysoko kwalifikowanej kadrze specjalistycznej. Większość „niżej urodzonych”
wykonawców pracy jest traktowanych instrumentalnie, czego dowodem jest nierespektowanie ich praw pracowniczych. W artykule poza tą kwestią stanowiącą, wyzwanie XXI w.,
szczególnie istotne (w obliczu ostatnich wydarzeń etnicznych) staje się zarządzanie wielokulturowymi zasobami ludzkimi, a także zarządzanie różnorodnością (zróżnicowaniem
z uwagi na wiek i status społeczny).
Opracowanie dowodzi marnotrawstwa kwalifikacji potencjału ludzkiego.
Kluczową rolę w zatrzymaniu dehumanizacji procesów pracy musi odegrać kadra menedżerska, dla której wartość kapitału ludzkiego powinna stanowić najwyższe dobro.
Sposób na sukces firmy rodzinnej (wyniki badania empirycznego)
Authors: Sobiecki Roman , Żelazko Beata
Published: July 2017

Artykuł przybliża wyniki sondażu diagnostycznego zrealizowanego w  2015  r. przez
pracowników Kolegium Nauk o  Przedsiębiorstwie SGH w  Warszawie we współpracy
z Ośrodkiem Doradztwa Rolniczego z siedzibą w Brwinowie. W badaniu tym uczestniczyli
właściciele firm znajdujących się w gronie laureatów i wyróżnionych w konkursie Sposób
na sukces. Grupę respondentów tworzyli przedstawiciele podmiotów rodzinnych zlokalizowanych na obszarach wiejskich i  w  małych miastach. Materiał badawczy uzyskano
z 24 firm reprezentujących sektor MSP. Omawiane w artykule badanie zostało ukierunkowane na rozpoznanie czynników sukcesu biznesu rodzinnego. Stanowiło również próbę
udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytania: Jak przedsiębiorcy rodzinni definiują pojęcie „sukces”?
Jakie są – ich zdaniem – przejawy sukcesu i sposoby osiągania sukcesu? Co stymuluje i co
ogranicza rozwój firmy? Co decyduje o jej konkurencyjności?
Ewaluacja programów zatrudnienia – stan badań i nowe wyzwania
Authors: Wiśniewski Zenon , Maksim Monika
Published: July 2017

W artykule przedstawiono rozwój metod ewaluacji programów zatrudnienia w kontekście badań w Polsce. Wraz z ewolucją roli aktywnej polityki rynku pracy, nakierowanej coraz częściej również na realizację innych celów niż tylko podjęcie zatrudnienia, konieczne stało się zmodyfikowanie dotychczas stosowanego podejścia do ewaluacji. Po pierwsze, znacznie rozszerzono katalog analizowanych efektów programów. Po drugie, do badań ewaluacyjnych polityki rynku pracy wprowadzono podejście dynamiczne. Po trzecie, w tym czasie wzrosła również wiedza na temat czynników, które współdeterminują udział i efekty podjętej interwencji. W badaniach efektów przyczynowych zaczęto uwzględniać znacznie szerszy zestaw zmiennych, opisujących nie tylko konkretny epizod bezrobocia badanej jednostki i  jej cechy społeczno‑demograficzne, ale również dokładny przebieg kariery. W  Polsce najważniejszym wyzwaniem staje się podjęcie bardziej pogłębionych badań efektów przyczynowych aktywnej polityki rynku pracy.
Słowo wstępne
Authors: Juchnowicz Marta
Published: July 2017

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Quality of Didactic Processes Conducted by Talents‑Candidates
of Highest Scientific Potential
Authors: Jabłonowska Lidia
Published: July 2017

The pursuit of the university to achieve a higher quality of didactic processes
is becoming ever more important in the recent years. A practical criterion of its
achievement is the reference to the didactic labour culture, the development
direction, which depends on the academic teacher and their competences.  This
article contains parts of results of research conducted during the final phase of the
project by PhD students at Warsaw School of Economics. The analysis of empirical data is preceded by an overview of the theories of work culture in business
education within the context of the latest trends in education, including the
requirements of developing the entrepreneurial attitudes. The research indicates
that young science employees – talents conduct classes primarily in the convention
mechanistic‑passive culture model. Only to a  small degree does their teaching
show features of the humanistic culture model, which is based on high‑quality
activating methods and the teaching process is not focused on developing attitude
of entrepreneurship. The critical‑creative approach to business education is
virtually non‑existent, or at best limited to only certain individual elements of
the education process.
Starting up a Business with Support of Subsidies
for the Development of Entrepreneurship
Authors: Jegorow Dorota
Published: July 2017

The aim of this article is to determine the relationship of subsidies for
starting up a business with its further development. Presented synthesis combines
the analysis of literature, secondary data sources, descriptive statistics and
observation. Thus, the article is a part of the cognitive function of economics. The
analysis shows that recent years were characterized by a clear quantitative growth
of newly registered enterprises.  This was accompanied by large public support
provided in the form of subsidies for starting up a business. However, in many
cases, the objective of the business was to be granted subsidies rather than its
development under the auspices of the financing institutions
Self‑Employment as Form of Development of Entrepreneurship
of the Elderly in Poland
Authors: Niewiadomska Anna
Published: July 2017

The growing dynamics of the aging of the labour force in Poland creates the
need for action directed at effective use of professional potential of the elderly. The
aim of the article is to analyze their self‑employment treated as a manifestation
of individual entrepreneurship. The starting point of considerations is the
presentation of arguments justifying the need to increase entrepreneurship
among the elderly. We analyzed the factors encouraging older people to start
their own business, as well as barriers to this process. The article uses data made
available by Eurostat.
Shopping Intelligence as a New Concept in Analyzing Consumer Behaviour
Authors: Lachowicz Marek , Dietl Marek
Published: July 2017

Although existing models describing consumer behaviour offer a great deal of insight into the patterns and heuristic behind every customer’s buying decisions, they are not without serious limitations and operate as standalone units. Shopping intelligence, a completely new concept in economic psychology, not only attempts to merge the existing concepts into one, but to add value by allowing researchers to objectively assess respondent’s shopping style and capabilities in quantitative manner. Knowledge of these factors will allow the companies to be more competitive, by better tailoring their product, price and marketing strategies to the needs of its customers. It will also help entrepreneurs avoid losses due to inappropriate choice of the aforementioned strategies. Customers will too be beneficiaries, as they will receive a product that meets their demands better.
Entrepreneurship Education – a Handful of Experiences
Authors: Laszuk Marek
Published: July 2017

The article presents the experience of entrepreneurship education among the students of Warsaw School of Economics. It has been reflected in the results of the impact of applying heuristic techniques and teamwork on the quality of the business ideas of students and their motivation for trying to implement them in life. The use of heuristic techniques according to the respondents had a positive effect on the quality of their business idea. After reviewing them in practice significantly increased assessment of the suitability of their application. Similarly, team cooperation has positively influenced the quality of business ideas and motivation of the participants who try to implement them. Total properly conducted entrepreneurship training is able to raise the motivation of students to start a business. Working out an effective program helps to make constant evaluation and feedback from the participants.
Research Methodology of Entrepreneurship and Innovativeness of Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Multan Ewa , Wójcik‐Augustyniak Marzena
Published: July 2017

The article presents the issues of entrepreneurship and innovativeness of universities in the context of the analysis of the European Union guidelines and determining the competitive position of the university with the use of the strategic group maps. The aim of the article is to present different variants of strategic group maps, called by the authors 1D, 2D and 3D maps, which enable the identification of the competitive situation in the sector of higher education in Poland. The study focused on two sets of criteria of differentiation of the universities’ strategies, which are entrepreneurship and innovativeness. The research problem was formulated in the form of the following questions: whether the described methods of 1D, 2D and 3D maps may be applied to the analysis of competition in the sector of higher education institutions in Poland, in relation to entrepreneurship and innovativeness.
Human Capital from Entrepreneurs’ Perspective – Case Study Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Authors: Wiśniewska Sylwia
Published: July 2017

The aim of this paper is to analyse human capital problems faced by entrepreneurs, on the example of Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Both theoretical and empirical methods of analysis are used. The descriptive method of research is used to conduct a survey of the literature on the topic. The notion of human capital is presented, as well as the structure thereof in the individual dimension. Next, the paper includes the methodological premises of the empirical research and defines the research sample. It also discusses the results of qualitative research, which used the research method of a focus group. Finally, research conclusions are drawn, and recommendations are made regarding the possible ways of solving human capital issues faced by Świętokrzyskie entrepreneurs.
Generational Membership as Determinant of Attitudes Towards
Work. Stereotypes and Reality
Authors: Wojtaszczyk Katarzyna
Published: July 2017

Attitudes toward work are shaped by a number of variables and one of them
is the generational membership. Due to the fact that in the modern labor market
there are at least three generations (Baby Boomers, X and Y), more and more
empirical researches on attitudes to work are focused on the diagnosis of the
differences between representatives of the generations. However, a lot of conducted
researches do not fulfill the condition of representativeness. Nevertheless, the
results of these research are published and discussed, which may cause the
stereotyping attitude relative to the work. That is why the purpose of this article is
to show the arguments that may serve the stereotypical perception of prevention
representatives of different generations and their attitudes towards work.
Diversity of Human Capital in Poland’s Labor Market
Authors: Podogrodzka Małgorzata
Published: July 2017

The purpose of the article is to analyze diversity of human capital in Poland
within 2001‑2011 in relation to the situation in local labor markets (regions and
provinces). The analyses is based on verifying the hypothesis of lack of human
capital diversity in Poland, no changed recorded to its image within the time
span under review and the fact that the quality of human capital determines the
situation in the job markets throughout the country. The analysis proves that
employment and unemployment does not influence human capital – its quality is
determined by text age education and death rate.
Attitudes Towards Older Workers Economic Activity
– Employers’ Perspective
Authors: Warwas Izabela
Published: July 2017

One of the biggest challenges of the modern world is aging. The need to
extending working life becomes the answer to this challenge. A crucial role in this
process is played by employers and their appropriate response to the complex and
inevitable phenomenon of aging through supporting the economic activity of older
workers. It can be done in many ways. Employers directly interact through the use
of various instruments for age management or indirectly ‑ the implementation
of the silver economy concept. Both approaches are conditional upon noticing
current and future business benefits. Anticipated benefits are strongly connected
with the perception of older workers. Therefore, after presenting the theoretical
topics of age management and the silver economy, results of the study on the evaluation of older workers in the context of cooperation and employment will
be presented.
Attitudes Towards Economic Activity of People Aged 50+.
Individual Approach
Authors: Wiktorowicz Justyna
Published: July 2017

The paper is part of the current trend in socio‑economic research in the area
of the economic activity of mature people and the possibility of stimulating
its extension. The aim of the study is the assessment of the attitudes towards
economic activity of people aged 50+, and in particular their circumstances. The
analysis is both theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part refers to the social
theories of ageing, as well as the results of research on determinants of economic
activity in the near‑retirement age. The empirical part is identifying the factors influencing the propensity to continue economic activity by employees aged 50+.
Among the most important determinants of extending working life human capital
of workers tops the ranking.
Students and Professional Work – Comparison of Polish and
Finnish Students’ Opinions
Authors: Tomczak Michał
Published: July 2017

The main problem of this article is a try to characterize Polish and Finnish
students opinions and work expectations. Empirical part of the text is based on
data gained from quantitative research, notably from a survey carried out among
students of Polish and Finnish universities.
As a result of research it might be concluded that Polish students are deeply
identified with their university and their faculty and they are willing to continue
education to develop their qualifications; both groups are afraid of a problem
to find a satisfying job with Finnish students being much eager to work in
multicultural teams.
PANCASILA SAKTI MUSEUM.
A MARTYROLOGICAL MUSEUM WHICH
CONSTRUCTS THE IDENTITY OF THE
INDONESIANS
Authors: Głąb Katarzyna Marta
Published: July 2017

Pancasila refers to the five rules which constitute
the philosophical basis for the functioning of the “imagined
nation” of Indonesia, announced on 1 June 1945 by
Sukarno, the first president of Indonesia. From the very beginning,
Pancasila aroused great emotions and was subjected
to various interpretations. The ways in which it was
understood as the fundaments of the state also varied
many times from 1945. One thing beyond any doubt is that
Pancasila has shaped Indonesian society, even though it has
repeatedly been redefined and its significance questioned.
The Pancasila Sakti Museum holds a particularly important
place in the history of Indonesia and the memory of the inhabitants
of this multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multilingual
archipelago. It is the best-known museum complex from the
rule of General Suharto (1965–1998) for whom the state’s
identity, culture, tradition and art became one of the most
important elements of politics. For him the museum became
the ideological foundation of the Orde Baru or New
Order, as the time of his reign is referred to. To this day, it
is a place of commemoration in the meaning of a lieu de
mémoire. It is also a traumatic place marked by the martyrs’
death of seven generals in 1965. In the way it is constructed,
it resembles a sanctuary where the deceased generals are
“victims” as understood by Durkheim, who appear as instances
sanctifying torment and fighting purposes. The article
reveals the circumstances of the museum’s founding, the
history of its development, and above all its significance in
establishing the state’s identity for the Indonesian people.
The Importance of Personnel Evaluation Activities of the Armed Forces — Evaluation Methods, Taking Into Account Certain Aspects of Czech Private Law
Authors: Zpěvák Aleš , Kohout Martin , Víšek Jiří , Fiala Zdeněk
Published: July 2017

The evaluation of employees is currently one of the fundamental managerial tasks of each employer. The assessment of employees is used for documentation and recapitulation of the employee’s job performance, which is associated with particular tasks. This can be a very important tool for the management of an organisation and the method of evaluation of the performance of its own employees. The Czech Republic is facing some difficulties when recruiting policemen and policewomen. This is mainly due to the lengthy process of recruitment and examination, which takes place before the actual hiring. In addition, the candidates must pass tests in the field of mental endurance, physical fitness etc. There is a similar situation to be observed at the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic, where they want to recruit 8,000 personnel but do not have enough potential candidates. This will become a serious issue for the personnel department of the Czech Ministry of Defence, especially if President Donald Trump decides to reduce the number of US troops. The innovative element of this scientific article is that the whole issue is brought together with the various laws and regulations of the Civil Code of the Czech Republic, which is compared with the Labour Code and also applied to members of the armed security forces. The object of this article is to highlight the need and importance of effective evaluationof candidates in connection with various methods of employee evaluation in the context of the Czech Civil Code and Labour Code. The article describes the fundamentals of the evaluation process.
Organised Vehicle Theft Operations: Unravelling the Matrix
Authors: Bila Hlengani , Roelfose Cornelis
Published: July 2017

Organised crime is receiving increasing attention from researchers around the world (Cf. Finckenhauer &amp; Voronion, 2001; Gastrow, 2001; Grant; 2012; Williams, 2014; Doctorow, 20145; Bila, 2015). The many facets and focus areas of organised crime groups deal with a plethora of crimes and the operational and organisational aspects of this phenomenon. In this article the Authors focus on organised vehicle theft. The theoretical perspectives of systems theory are blended with encroachment theory to unravel the organisational matrix of a typical vehicle theft syndicate. Through the literature review the various components of such syndicates, focusing on exporting stolen vehicles, have been unravelled. In addition, the authors indicate how corruption and political connections in organised crime create matrix organisations.