bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of exposure to pesticides and the knowledge, attitude and practice among farmers of western Bhutan
Authors: Monger Adeep , Mahat Kiran , Dorjee  , Om Namgay , Mongar Pooja , Dorji Tshering , Jamtsho Sonam , Wangdi Karma , Wangdi Chador , Jamtsho Thinley , Chettri Vishal
Published: May 2023

An estimated 69% of the population of Bhutan is engaged in agriculture. Farmers are exposed to a wide variety of pesticides during the preparation, transport, storage, mixing and application of pesticides posing a significant health risk. A controlled cross-sectional study of farmers in selected sites of Bhutan was conducted to characterize the level of exposure to pesticides and assess their knowledge attitude and practice on the safe handling of pesticides. A total of 399 participants were enrolled in the study comprising of 295 exposed farmers and 104 healthy and unexposed controls. A structured investigator administered questionaries was used to assess their Knowledge, Attitude and practice, and their blood samples were taken for measuring Acetyl Cholinesterase enzyme activity level. There was a significant difference between the Acetyl Cholinesterase enzyme inhibition of exposed and non-exposed control groups observed in the study (P < 0.001). Of the total of 295 farmers, 62 (21.01%) had severe enzyme inhibition of >30% as compared to the unexposed group. Safety practices of handling pesticides were low. The most common symptoms self-reported were headache (OR 1.08, 0.60–1.93) and neurological problems like forgetfulness, lack of concentration (OR 1.12, 0.50–2.48) and increased tiredness (OR 1.075, 0.52–2.19) that were significantly associated with the enzyme inhibition. In addition, we record a very low level of knowledge (17.0%), a fair attitude (63.0%) and poor practice (35.0%) on the safe handling and management of pesticides. This pilot study provides indication of exposure to pesticides in the selected sites of the country. Furthermore, it provides evidence for public health interventions by identifying the exposure patterns and pathways of individuals most at risk in the farming communities of the country. Surveillance and bio-monitoring programs are deemed necessary.
Identification of curaxin as a potential new therapeutic for JAK2 V617F mutant patients
Authors: Pearson Stella , Blance Rognvald , Yan Fei , Hsieh Ya-Ching , Geary Bethany , Amaral Fabio M. R. , Somervaille Tim C. P. , Kirschner Kristina , Whetton Anthony D. , Pierce Andrew
Published: May 2023

Myelofibrosis is a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) which typically results in reduced length and quality of life due to systemic symptoms and blood count changes arising from fibrotic changes in the bone marrow. While the JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib provides some clinical benefit, there remains a substantial unmet need for novel targeted therapies to better modify the disease process or eradicate the cells at the heart of myelofibrosis pathology. Repurposing drugs bypasses many of the hurdles present in drug development, such as toxicity and pharmacodynamic profiling. To this end we undertook a re-analysis of our pre-existing proteomic data sets to identify perturbed biochemical pathways and their associated drugs/inhibitors to potentially target the cells driving myelofibrosis. This approach identified CBL0137 as a candidate for targeting Jak2 mutation-driven malignancies. CBL0137 is a drug derived from curaxin targeting the Facilitates Chromatin Transcription (FACT) complex. It is reported to trap the FACT complex on chromatin thereby activating p53 and inhibiting NF-kB activity. We therefore assessed the activity of CBL0137 in primary patient samples and murine models of Jak2-mutated MPN and found it preferentially targets CD34+ stem and progenitor cells from myelofibrosis patients by comparison with healthy control cells. Further we investigate its mechanism of action in primary haemopoietic progenitor cells and demonstrate its ability to reduce splenomegaly and reticulocyte number in a transgenic murine model of myeloproliferative neoplasms.
Community perceptions and practices on quality and safety of drinking water in Mbarara city, south western Uganda
Authors: Catherine Abaasa N. , Ayesiga Savino , Rukundo Godfrey Zari , Lejju Julius B. , Byarugaba Frederick , Tamwesigire Imelda K.
Published: May 2023

Availability of clean drinking water is a universal human right. The quality of water differs across communities. When the quality is good, community members are the primary beneficiaries but they are also the first ones to experience the consequences of deteriorating quality of water. In most communities, the inhabitants are able to tell if their drinking water is safe and of quality basing on organoleptic properties. The community perceptions and practices about safety and quality of drinking water are informed by their attitudes and levels of knowledge about water quality. This study aimed to assess community perceptions and practices on quality and safety of drinking water in Mbarara city, south western Uganda. A qualitative study was conducted between May and July 2022. Six focus group discussions among community members and four Key informant interviews with stakeholders in the water service were conducted. Data was analysed basing on predetermined themes of: 1) perceived quality of water 2) perceived factors associated with water quality 3) practices related to water quality and 4) perceived solutions for improving water safety and quality. Drinking water safety and quality in Mbarara city is perceived as not good, dirty, salty and limited in supply and the water sources are shared with animals. The poor quality of drinking water is due to poor waste disposal, poor treatment, poor maintenance of systems, flooding, political interference, deficiency in city planning, increase in population growth and water hyacinth. Sensitizing the communities, community participation, proper water treatment and surveillance and monitoring are solutions to ensuring provision, use and maintenance of safe and quality drinking water in Mbarara city.
Migration aspiration and desire of international students: Chinese international students under strain amid geopolitical tension and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Huang Wan , Ren Jingqiu
Published: May 2023

Confronted with restrictive visa policies, deteriorating US–China relations and the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, Chinese international students in the United States face unprecedented uncertainty in their immigration prospects. Their unique intersectional identities as temporary immigrants, prospective permanent immigrants and emerging adults modulate their migration aspirations and desires within this exceptional social context. We interviewed and surveyed a group of Chinese international students in a major American university at various stages of their stay in the United States. Using the migration aspiration and desire framework, we explore how they cope with the challenges and plan for immigration upon graduation. Our findings suggest that under the unique temporal junction of the geopolitical tension and a global public health crisis unprecedented in their lifetime, the becoming process associated with their particular identity as in-between migrants and the assemblage of various actors throughout the process help recalibrate their initial aspirations at personal and collective levels and reshape their migration desires. Although it has frustrated their migration motivations and plans, it has also endowed them with perspectives and the capacity to develop effective coping mechanisms and remain resilient.
A diaszpórában tanítók digitális kompetenciájának változása a pandémia okozta lezárások idején
Authors: Nemes Nikolett , Csima Melinda
Published: May 2023

A COVID-19 járvány minden területen érezteti hatását, mely az egészségügyi ellátórendszer mellett az oktatás területén is rendkívül erőteljes, s a diaszpórában működő hétvégi iskolákat sem hagyta érintetlenül. A lezárások sok esetben hosszabb-rövidebb időre tiltották a személyes, jelenléti oktatást, s szükségessé tették az online munkaformára történő váltást. Keresztmetszeti, feltáró vizsgálatunk a diaszpóra hétvégi magyar iskoláiban tanítók online oktatással összefüggő pedagógiai gyakorlatára irányult. Elsősorban azt kívántuk megragadni, hogy a pandémia hogyan hatott a diaszpórában működő hétvégi iskolák gyakorlatára, továbbá, hogy az ott tanítók hogyan tudtak alkalmazkodni a megváltozott helyzethez. Az elemzésbe bevont kérdőíveket öt kontinens 17 különböző országában töltötték ki (n = 46). A válaszokból kirajzolódik, hogy a munkaformaváltás hirtelen bekövetkezése a diaszpórában tanítókat felkészületlenül érte. A pandémia okozta helyzetben a tanítóknak új IKT-eszközök után kellett nézni. Az online oktatás során a figyelem, az érdeklődés és a motiváció fenntartásához változatos szemléltetésre és cselekedtetésre volt szükség, mellyel egyenesen arányos volt a bevont eszközök sokszínű megjelenítése is. A nehézségek ellenére összességében elmondható, hogy bár a digitális oktatás ebben a formában kényszer szülte munkaforma, hozzájárult a pedagógusok digitális kompetenciáinak fejlődéséhez, módszertani repertoárjuk szélesítéséhez. A pandémia alatt elsajátított új ismeretek és készségek beépítése a tanítási-tanulási folyamatba a járványt követő időszakban hozzájárulhat a tanári hatékonyság és a tanulói eredményesség növeléséhez.
Economic beliefs and perceptions of mixed-gender teams
Authors: Marroquín Andrés , Saravia Antonio , Whitehead Allison
Published: May 2023

Is there an association between economic beliefs and perceptions of the efficacy of mixed-gender teams? We approach this question for Latin America using the 2018 Latinobarometer survey. One of the questions in the survey asks respondents if they believe mixed-gender teams in the workplace produce better, worse, or equal results than teams formed exclusively by men. A different question in the same survey asks respondents about their attitudes towards international trade. We explore the relationship between the answers to these two questions. Because women and men bring different skills, points of view, and experiences to a team, pro-trade individuals may be inclined to identify these differences as comparative advantages, and regard mixed-gender teams as the spaces that make the profitable exchange of these advantages possible. Thus, pro-trade individuals may be more likely to perceive mixed-gender teams as more effective than teams formed exclusively by men. Our findings support this theory.
Urbanization and climate change: Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) and STIRPAT analysis for Turkey
Authors: Ojaghlou Mortaza , Uğurlu Erginbay
Published: May 2023

Urbanization and CO2 emissions have become major environmental concerns that are closely related to climate change and sustainable economic growth. The goal of this paper is to investigate the long-run relationship between CO2 emissions, urbanization, and achieving sustainable development in Turkey from 1990 to 2020. The STIRPAT hypothesis and the Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis are employed in the article. The findings indicate that there is a long-run relationship between the variables of the STIRPAT model: the coefficient of economic activities and urbanization affects CO2 emission positively. This means that urbanization and the expansion of economic activity have a significant impact on environmental degradation. These results are also confirmed by the N-shaped Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) that is detected for Turkey.
Gender gap decomposition in employment rate of young people
Authors: Colom Andrés M. Consuelo , Molés Machí M. Cruz
Published: May 2023

Differences in behavior between women and men have long been observed in the labor market. Occupational segregation, lack of equal opportunities and lower wages are still linked to the lower opportunity cost that leaving the labor market implies for women. In this paper we analyze, using decomposition techniques, the gap in the employment rate between young women and men. These techniques allow us to separate the weight of observed characteristics from the weight of preferences or unobserved factors. Our results reveal that both types of factors are relevant in the gender gap in the employment rate. Preferences or unobserved factors, such as the different perception that both genders have of family and involvement of women in housework, which leads to greater female labor abandonment, are likely to be behind the gender gap in the case of already having job.
High unemployment, disrupted economic growth and sustainable development goals: Analyzing unemployment reduction
Authors: Tjahjanto Hadi , Tuhana Tuhana , Mafruhah Izza , Istiqomah Nurul , Ismoyowati Dewi
Published: May 2023

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing unemployment and determine the role of stakeholders in reducing unemployment in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Data encompasses 35 regencies and municipalities of the Central Province from 2007 to 2020, with the total sample being 490. The employed sequential mixed method includes two analytical tools, namely panel data and vector regression with mactor software; the latter is used to examine the convergence among actors. Six main actors in reducing unemployment are identified, namely Regional Development Planning Agency (Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah/Bappeda), Department of Labor, Department of Education, community leaders; job training center, and Indonesian Chamber of Commerce (Kamar Dagang dan Industri Indonesia/Kadin). The results of the first analysis show that the variables of economic growth, Human Development Index (HDI) and school enrollment have negative and significant effect on unemployment. The results of convergence analysis highlight the importance of the Department of Labor in linking the supply and demand sides of labor in Central Java.
Desempenho de cultivares de manjericão fertigadas com soluções nutritivas salinizadas
Authors: Santos Sandy Thomaz dos , Oliveira Francisco de Assis de , Oliveira Giordanio Bruno Silva , Oliveira Mychelle Karla Teixeira de , Alves Aline da Silva , Cordeiro Carla Jamile Xavier , Veras Costa Mário Jonas , Alves de Oliveira Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2023

RESUMO: Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de cultivares de manjericão fertigadas com soluções nutritivas salinizadas em cultivo semi-hidropônico. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, seguindo o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 x 3, sendo cinco cultivares de manjericão (Grecco a Palla, Alfavaca Basilicão, Alfavaca Verde, Lemoncino e Roxo) e três salinidades da solução nutritiva (2,0; 3,5 e 5,0 dS m-1), com três repetições, sendo a parcela experimental representada por três vasos contendo 3,0 dm3 de fibra de coco e uma planta em cada. Aos 60 dias após o transplantio as plantas foram avaliadas quanto à altura de plantas, número de folhas, número de hastes e de inflorescência, comprimento de inflorescências, diâmetro do caule, massa seca (folhas, hastes, inflorescências e total), área foliar, área foliar especifica, razão de área foliar, suculência foliar e o índice de tolerância a salinidade. De forma geral, houveram diferentes respostas entre as cultivares com relação a salinidade. A fertirrigação usando água de alta salinidade promove alterações no crescimento das cultivares sensíveis de manjericão. As cultivares Alfavaca Basilicão, Alfavaca Verde e Roxo foram tolerantes a todos níveis salinos testados (2,0; 3,5 e 5,0 dS m-1), enquanto as cultivares Grecco a Palla e Lemoncino foram tolerantes até a salinidade de 3,5 dS m-1.
Post-harvest quality of fig fruit cultivated under in intensive pruning system in the Gurgueia valley
Authors: Miranda Assussena Carvalho , Thamyres Yara Lima Evangelista  , Monte Junior Francisco Almir Campelo , Cavalcante Emanuela Sousa , Aguiar Cibele Divino , Pereira Gustavo Alves , Silva Junior Gabriel Barbosa
Published: May 2023

This work aimed to evaluate the post-harvest quality of fruits of the fig cultivar ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ in two pruningtimes and three ripening stages, under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the semiarid region of the Piauí state.The experiment was carried out in the educational orchard of the Federal University of Piauí, Campus ProfessoraCinobelina Elvas, Bom Jesus, Piauí, Brazil. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used, with 4 replications,in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, with treatments corresponding to two pruning times (April 2018, of the rainy season,and December 2018, the beginning of the rainy season) and three fruit ripening stages (Green Intermediate,and Ripe), using 5 fruits per experimental plot and performing chemical analyzes in triplicate. The pruningcarried out in April (end of the rainy season) significantly influenced the post-harvest quality of the fig fruits, withgreater weight (34.17 g fruits), transverse diameter (42.21 mm), luminosity (57.92°), and HUE angle (80.73° ), whencompared to the pruning carried out in December (beginning of the rainy season), with weight (26.58 g fruits),transversal diameter (39.83 mm), luminosity (52.53°), and HUE angle (73.60°). The cultivation of fig trees in thesemiarid region of Piauí showed promising results with the anticipation of the crop cycle with pruning performedin the dry season.
Selection of Prunus clonal rootstocks based on nutritional efficiency state
Authors: Mateus Velho dos Santos  , Santana Alice Silva , Do Prado Jean , Luiz Giacobbo Clevison , Oliveria Ferreira Luana , Uberti Alison , Luis Mattias Jorge , Galon Leandro
Published: May 2023

Rootstock contributes to increase the absorption and nutrients translocation efficiency. We aimed to select rootstocks according to the nutritional physiological state of the scion cultivar. The experiment was carried out during three periods of leaf collect on the 4-year old peach cv. BRS Libra budded onto 21 rootstocks cultivated in a high density orchard. The following traits were evaluated: xylem water potential, dry leaf mass and chemical leaf nutritional analysis. The collected data were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test and some genetic parameters were estimated. When significant, the means were compared using the Scott-Knott test, at 5% significance. The principal component analysis was performed to verify the interrelationships between the rootstocks and the evaluated traits. The deviation from optimum percentage index was used to select the most nutritional stable rootstock. We observed that rootstock affects the dynamic absorption nutrient parameters in interactions with the scion. The highest foliar levels of P were found in the BRS Libra cultivar when budded onto the rootstocks ʹSanta Rosaʹ, ʹBarrierʹ, ʹTsukuba-1ʹ and ʹRosaflorʹ. The leaf analysis revealed a high variation in the mineral nutritional status among the studied Prunus rootstocks. Most of the mineral macro-elements varied between medium and optimal levels. The rootstocks ʹRigitanoʹ and ʹNemaredʹ showed less nutritional limitation and is recommended for cultivations in high density orchards.
Qualitative Study of Health Disorders of Traditional Divers
Authors: Utami Tri , Agustina Dewi , Widajati Noeroel
Published: May 2023

Objective: In this study, we examined the characteristics of health problems associated with traditional divers (N = 10) so as to provide responsive prevention and intervention for persons engaged in this informal occupation. Methods: For this qualitative research we used a phenomenological design. We conducted data analysis in 2 ways: (1) we mapped the responses of our participants to interview questions, and (2) we applied ATLAS.Ti22 software for analytic description. Results: Complaints of muscle cramps were felt by 4 participants who consumed < 2 liters of water per day, 2 persons with a body mass index (BMI) in the obese category, and one diver who was overweight. Ear complaints were related to diving depth, diving duration, cigarette smoking, and BMI. Muscle complaints were related to water consumption, dive depth, and BMI is 0.22. Conclusion: Education, surveillance, and policy initiatives are necessary to minimize the negative health effects of traditional diving.
Bioinformatic Study of the Active Compound of Morusin in Mulberry (Morus alba) against Breast Cancer
Authors: Sarmoko Sarmoko , Pratama Afif Hariawan , Choironi Nur Amalia , Fareza Muhammad Salman
Published: May 2023

Morusin, an active constituent of the mulberry plant (Morus alba), exhibits inhibitory effects on several types of cancer cells in vitro, including breast cancer. This study aimed to identify potential target proteins of morusin, investigate the binding energy, and explore type of interactions between morusin and the target protein. Morusin target was searched using the PubMed, STITCH, STRING, and Cytoscape databases. Subsequently, the obtained morusin target protein data underwent processing using Autodock Tools and DS BIOVIA to facilate the simulation of molecular docking between morusin and the target protein. The study identified EGFR, SRC, and MAPK1 as potential targets for morusin. Docking simulations revealed that both EGFR and SRC represent viable targets for morusin, as their binding energies were lower than those of the native ligand and lapatinib. Specifically, the bond energies at EGFR were -9.6, -7.5, and -9.2 kcal/mol for morusin, the native ligand, and lapatinib, respectively. Similarly, at SRC, the corresponding bond energies were -8.2, -6.4, and -5.3 kcal/mol. Morusin demonstrated binding interactions with Leu694, Val702, Leu820, Ala719, Leu768, and Lys721 at the active site of EGFR, and with Lys295 and Gly344 at the binding active sites of SRC. Consequently, morusin has the potential to suppress cancer cell growth by targeting EGFR and SRC.Keywords: cancer cells, EGFR and SRC as targets, molecular docking, morusin, mulberry plant.
Circulating Objects, Changing Scales
Authors: Jensen Casper
Published: May 2023

Across the planet, the circular economy has grown into a complex governance agenda. This is also the case in Cambodia, where various formal and informal circular activities have recently coalesced into new arrangements. However, much more is at stake than questions of economic governance. By tracing the circulation of diverse objects between practices guided by different worths and correspondingly variable enactments of circularity, the present travelogue exhibits circular worlds in tension. The relative significance of these worlds and worths is negotiated and tested at sites where representatives of many worlds are present. Later, some circular formats materialize in distributed practices, scale up, and gain in reality. Others linger in the shadows, obstructed by visions of the circular economy as a single integrated system. This exercise in applied metaphysics elicits circularity and its diverse potentials as patchwork effects of circulations between uncommon worlds.
Aristolochia stevechurchillii, a new pseudostipule-bearing Aristolochiaceae (Piperales) from Bolivia, with a key to identify the species of the ´Pseudostipulosae´ group in the country
Authors: Gonzalez Favio , Pabón-Mora Natalia L.
Published: May 2023

A new pseudostipule-bearing species of Aristolochia, A. stevechurchillii, is here described and illustrated, along with a key to identify all the species of the informal ´Pseudostipulosae´ group naturally occurring in Bolivia. The new species differs from its closely related species by the formation of two serial flowers per axil, the base of the utricle with six retrorse digitiform processes, and the perianth limb narrowly ovate, with acute apex. Along with A. andina and A. lozaniana, A. stevechurchillii is the third species of the genus endemic from mid-elevation (1600-2500 m) Tucumano-Bolivian forests of the departments of Cochabamba, Chuquisaca and Tarija (Bolivia). The new species is morphologically similar to A. melanoglossa, from northern Argentina, which provides additional evidence to floristic affinities previously proposed between the Tucumano-Bolivian forests and the Chaco vegetation.
𝐻2-Conformal Approximation of Miura Surfaces
Authors: Marazzato Frédéric
Published: May 2023

The Miura ori is a very classical origami pattern used in numerous applications in engineering.
A study of the shapes that surfaces using this pattern can assume is still lacking.
A constrained nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) that models the possible shapes that a periodic Miura tessellation can take in the homogenization limit has been established recently and solved only in specific cases.
In this paper, the existence and uniqueness of a solution to the unconstrained PDE is proved for general Dirichlet boundary conditions.
Then an

H
2

H^{2}

-conforming discretization is introduced to approximate the solution of the PDE coupled to a Newton method to solve the associated discrete problem.
A convergence proof for the method is given as well as a convergence rate.
Finally, numerical experiments show the robustness of the method and that nontrivial shapes can be achieved using periodic Miura tessellations.
The trial of Demetrius: some observations on legal procedure against court misconduct under Philip V of Macedonia
Authors: Filias Dionysios
Published: May 2023

Despite extensive scholarship on trials regarding misconduct in the court of Philip V of Macedonia, the trial of his son Demetrius on the charge of assault on his brother and heir apparent Perseus, which is the only example of a trial of a Macedonian king’s son, seems to have escaped the attention of modern historians. Given that it is an event whose most detailed description appears in Livy’s history and that the Roman historian offers a very positive picture of the romanophile Demetrius, it is easy to understand why this trial has not been considered worthy of study. Nevertheless, Livy’s account reveals that the king observed specific procedural rules which are known from the other trials he dealt with, and which demonstrates Philip’s somewhat juridical attitude in legal processes against misconduct of the members of his court. The main purpose of this article is to highlight Philip’s juridical attitude by showing the similarity of the procedure applied in the trial of Demetrius as described by Livy to the legal processes followed by Philip in the trials of his courtiers during his early reign.
Genre as Reception: A Multidimensional Network Approach
Authors: Kynes Will
Published: May 2023

A reception-oriented approach to genre will challenge the “objective” genre categories applied to the Bible by analyzing their culturally contingent place in the history of interpretation. It then gathers alternative genre groupings for the biblical texts from that history in order to comprehend the features of the texts more fully through the multiple ways readers have responded to their various capacities. This article incorporates conceptual blending and network theory with a growing reception-consciousness in biblical studies to develop a new three-dimensional version of the common comparison of genres to constellations. This new version communicates the value of a reception-oriented approach for appreciating the complexity of texts, biblical and otherwise, along with their readers’ cultural perspectives. The new multidimensional approach to genre that results is applied to the “Wisdom Literature” genre category as an example.
Wave propagation, bi-directional reflectionless, and coherent perfect absorption-lasing in finite periodic PT-symmetric photonic systems
Authors: Lee Jeng Yi , Chen Pai-Yen
Published: May 2023

With consideration of parity-time (PT) symmetry, Lorentz reciprocity theorem, and real Bloch phase, we propose a generalized parametric space for any PT-symmetric unit cells that can comprehensively illustrate the PT phase transition, Bloch phase, and necessary conditions of exotic wave scattering in the general finite periodic PT photonic structures. We put forward rigorous and formal expressions of bi-directional reflectionless and coherent perfect absorption and lasing (CPAL) for the finite one-dimensional PT photonic structures. With a new concept of the parametric space, we demonstrate the necessary PT phases of general unit cells, which result in the abnormal bi-directional reflectionless and CPAL effects. Moreover, thanks to parametrization, analytical formulas for complex relative permittivities of the unit cells composed of subwavelength gain–loss heterostructure are derived to provide a guideline for manipulating different PT scattering events. We accordingly study several one-dimensional PT photonic systems to achieve exotic wave scattering enabled by PT-symmetry. We believe this work may offer a theoretical underpinning for studying extraordinary wave phenomena of PT-symmetric photonics and may open avenues for manipulation of light.
The crystal structure of catena-poly[diaqua-m2-dicyanido-κ2
C:N-dicyanido-κ1
C-bis(4-(pyridin-4-yl)benzaldehyde-κ1N)iron(II)-platinum(II), C28H22N6O4PtFe
Authors: Lu Jitao , Wu Xiaolin , Zhang Youwei , Xiao Yufang
Published: May 2023

(C28H22N6O4PtFe)
n
, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.9137(6) Å, b = 8.5766(13) Å, c = 10.970(3) Å, α = 

70.266

(
19
)

°

$70.266(19){}^{\circ}$

, β = 

81.258

(
14
)

°

$81.258(14){}^{\circ}$

, γ = 

78.728

(
11
)

°

$78.728(11){}^{\circ}$

, V = 684.3(2) Å3, Z = 1, R

gt
(F) = 0.0408, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0657, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of (E)-7-fluoro-2-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, C17H12F2O
Authors: Wei Pan-Pan , Meng Qing-Guo , Wang Bao-Gang , Hou Gui-Ge , Song Ya-Bin
Published: May 2023

C17H12F2O, triclinic, P1¯ (no. 2), a = 7.9570(14) Å, b = 8.9872(19) Å, c = 9.3974(16) Å, α = 94.467(16)°, β = 96.737(14)°, γ = 103.162(16)°, V = 646.0(2) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0417, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1112, T = 293 K.
Analysis of trade potential and factors influencing chili export in Indonesia
Authors: Sundari Mei Tri , Darsono Darsono  , Sutrisno Joko , Antriyandarti Ernoiz
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study is to analyze the factors that affect the export of chili in Indonesia, determine the most dominant factor, and also the export potential of chili in the importing country. The analytical methods used are panel data analysis with gravity model and trading potential analysis. The results show that the independent variables that significantly affect Indonesia’s chili exports are Indonesia’s real GDP/capita, the real GDP/capita of the destination country, the rupiah exchange rate against the destination country, and the geographical distance between Indonesia and the destination country. The most dominant factor is the rupiah exchange rate. Indonesia’s trade is still under trade (pp > 1), so it can potentially expand the chili trade to importing countries.
Role of bioglass derivatives in tissue regeneration and repair: A review
Authors: Gao Yang , Seles Mohan Anne , Rajan Mariappan
Published: May 2023

Bioceramics are significantly contributing in repairing and reconstructing the defective areas of the musculoskeletal system. Bioactive glass is a non-crystalline bioceramic that has been widely used in regeneration due to its extensive bone-forming ability and biocompatibility. The plethora of bioactive glass research has been buried over the years in the area of bone construction in various forms. The composition of the bioactive glass with its network formers and modifier plays a vital role in bone-forming ability and prevents crystallization. The hybrid polymer and metal ion-doped bioactive glass add advantages to bone tissue repair. The development and the challenge during the preparation of bioactive glasses have been discussed in this review. Based on the orthopedic defect, their porous size, volume, and even mechanical properties can be tailored to obtain the desired scaffold combined with the therapeutic delivery of bioactive compounds. Bone tissue engineering is inevitable without the process of osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and osteointegration, and their role in bioactive glass was reported. Bioactive glass is the key contributor to the glass age, and it has been subjected to medicinal applications for tissue repair, regeneration, and therapeutic agent delivery.
Speech act adverbial clauses: The case of conditionaljeśli-clauses in Polish
Authors: Jędrzejowski Łukasz
Published: May 2023

In this article, I examine the external and internal syntax of speech act adverbial clauses in Polish with the main focus on conditional clauses headed by the complementizerjeśli‘if’. I argue that speech act adverbial clauses radically differ from hypothetical/content conditional clauses, and that they adjoin outside the structure of the matrix clause. As far as their internal syntax is concerned, I discuss evidence showing that speech act adverbial clauses project up to JP in Krifka’s terms (2023), and can also host epistemic and evidential expressions.
Enterprise Risk Management, Board Financial Qualification, and Firm Value
Authors: Putri Rifda Nabilla , Makaryanawati Makaryanawati
Published: May 2023

Purpose : The intention of this study is to get empirical evidence regarding the effect of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) disclosure on firm value and the effect of Board Financial Qualification (BFQ) in moderating Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) on firm value.

Method : This research uses content analysis with 53 samples of financial company sectors, which are banks and insurance companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2020. The analysis technique used is Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA).

Findings : The results show that ERM has a negative effect on firm value. This happens because the disclosure of risk management in banking and insurance companies in Indonesia is an obligation, so investors do not pay attention to the disclosure of risk management as a basis for assessing the company. In addition, this study also proves that BFQ is a variable that is able to moderate the effect of ERM on firm value. The board of directors with a financial education background has better knowledge of risk management thereby strengthening the implementation of ERM in a company.

Novelty : This study using ERM disclosure items based on COSO 2017. While previous research based on COSO 2009.

Keywords : Enterprise Risk Management; Firm Value, Board Financial Qualification; Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA)
FORMULATION OF VITAMIN C GEL SERUM USING SODIUM ALGINATE FROM BROWN ALGAE (Sargassum polycystum) AS GELLING AGENT
Authors: Purwanto Ungsari Rizki Eka
Published: May 2023

Background : Brown algae contains alginate which can be used as a gelling agent on cosmetics product. In this study, alginates from brown algae can be formulated on antioxidant serum gel. Vitamin C was used as a model of active ingredient which are known as potent antioxidants. In order to obtain a serum gel preparation with good physical characteristics, optimization was also carried out in the formula between sodium alginate as a gelling agent and propylene glycol as a humectant.

Aim : The purpose of the research is to determine the yield of sodium alginate produced from brown algae extraction, and determine the optimum ratio between sodium alginate and propylenglycol to provide good physical characteristics for vitamin C serum gel.

Method : The extraction method used to obtain sodium alginate from brown algae Sargassum polycystum using the acid pathway extraction method. The method used to optimize sodium alginate and propylenglycol is the Simplex Latice Design method with Design Expert software version 10.0.1. Optimization parameters included tests of viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and pH. Penetration test using franz diffusion cells, and the stability test of the preparation using the cycling test method.

Result : The yield of sodium alginate extraction was 20.61%. Results of analysis software Design Expert version 10.0.1 show that sodium alginate could increase the response of viscosity, adhesion, and pH, also reduce the spreadability of vitamin C serum gel. While, propylenglycol could increase all the responses.

Conclusion : The yield of brown algae (Sargassum polycystum) obtained was 20.61% with the combined composition with propylene glycol in the preparation of serum gel vitamin C being 7.56% : 10.44%.
Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors in long-term survivors of adult- and childhood-onset brain tumours: a pilot study
Authors: Kyriakakis Nikolaos , Giannoudi Marilena , Kumar Satish S , Seejore Khyatisha , Dimitriadis Georgios K , Randeva Harpal , Glaser Adam , Kwok-Williams Michelle , Gerrard Georgina , Loughrey Carmel , Al-Qaissi Ahmed , Ajjan Ramzi , Lynch Julie , Murray Robert D
Published: May 2023

Background

Survivors of childhood brain tumours (SCBT) and teenage and young adult cancer survivors have an adverse cardiovascular risk profile, which translates into an increased vascular mortality. Data on cardiovascular risk profiles in SCBT are limited, and furthermore, there are no data in adult-onset (AO) brain tumours.

Patients and

methods: Fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, 24-h blood pressure (BP), and body composition were measured in 36 brain tumour survivors (20 AO; 16 childhood-onset (CO)) and 36 age- and gender-matched controls.

Results

Compared with controls, patients had elevated total cholesterol (5.3 ± 1.1 vs 4.6 ± 1.0 mmol/L, P = 0.007), LDL-C (3.1 ± 0.8 vs 2.7 ± 0.9 mmol/L, P = 0.011), insulin (13.4 ± 13.1 vs 7.6 ± 3.3 miu/L, P = 0.014), and increased insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) 2.90 ± 2.84 vs 1.66 ± 0.73, P = 0.016). Patients showed adverse body composition, with increased total body fat mass (FM) (24.0 ± 12.2 vs 15.7 ± 6.6 kg, P < 0.001) and truncal FM (13.0 ± 6.7 vs 8.2 ± 3.7 kg, P < 0.001).

After stratification by timing of onset, CO survivors showed significantly increased LDL-C, insulin, and HOMA-IR compared with controls. Body composition was characterized by the increased total body and truncal FM. Truncal fat mass was increased by 84.1% compared with controls. AO survivors showed similar adverse cardiovascular risk profiles, with increased total cholesterol and HOMA-IR. Truncal FM was increased by 41.0% compared with matched controls (P = 0.029). No difference in mean 24-h BP was noted between patients and controls irrespective of the timing of cancer diagnosis.

Conclusion

The phenotype of both CO and AO brain tumour survivors is characterized by an adverse metabolic profile and body composition, putatively placing long-term survivors at increased risk of vascular morbidity and mortality.
Secuelas de la mercantilización de la naturaleza por el turismo
Authors: Cantú Martínez Pedro César
Published: May 2023

El presente manuscrito muestra como la mercantilización de la naturaleza según la visión de desarrollo neoliberal, ha esquematizado una visión de apropiamiento donde se sitúa importantemente la actividad turística. En este acontecer los modelos de desarrollo turísticos imperantes han promovido ser generadores de desarrollo local, como un punto de encuentro de intercambios culturales y embellecimiento de los sitios donde se establecen. Es así, que, mediante una investigación de orden argumentativa y documental para el contraste de la realidad teórica y empírica, se analiza la mercantilización de la naturaleza por el turismo, y se delibera sobre esta apreciación. Los resultados de la evaluación realizada demuestran que en estos espacios se va generando desigualdad social, aculturación, contaminación ambiental y deterioro del entorno natural. De tal manera, que el componente económico del turismo como factor, suscita y gravita, en los desequilibrios sociales y ambientales que se ocasionan en el entorno natural, no obstante que se nombre como turismo sustentable.
MICROBIAL CO-CULTIVATION: DISCOVERY OF NOVEL SECONDARY METABOLITES WITH DIFFERENT BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
Authors:   National University of Food Technologies, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pirog T.P.
Published: May 2023

In recent decades, overuse and misuse of antibiotics as well as social and economic factors have accelerated the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, making them a major problem for humanity. One of the most effective approaches to the discovery of new secondary antimicrobial metabolites is co-cultivation of microorganisms, in which the producer of the target products is grown together with competitive microorganisms ( inductors), in response to the presence of which silent biosynthetic genes of the producer strain are activated and an increase in the biological activity of the synthesized secondary metabolites and/or even the synthesis of new metabolites is observed. The review summarizes the current literature data on the co-cultivation of antimicrobial substances producers with competitive microorganisms, which results in the synthesis of new metabolites with antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity, not typical for monocultures. During the co-cultivation of fungi, bacteria, and fungi with bacteria, the synthesis of new antimicrobial and anticancer metabolites, which are classified as alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, macrolides, polyketides, cyclopeptides, terpenoids, anthraquinones, and steroids, is observed. These data indicate that the mixed fermentation of microorganisms is a simple, cheap, and quite effective way to obtain new metabolites that are promising for use in medicine.
Quality Improvement Increases Pediatric Community Hospital Smoking Cessation Interventions
Authors: Daniel Emily , Lu Lancy , Nunez-Davis Rosemary , Thiara Arvinder , Tahai Mina , Sommers Maggie , Hamline Michelle Y.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Tobacco use commonly starts during adolescence and is the leading cause of preventable disease, disability, and death in the United States. Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure increases asthma and respiratory infection hospitalizations and contributes to sudden unexpected infant death. Few pediatric hospitalist-led smoking cessation studies are formal quality improvement (QI), with most at academic institutions and studying caregivers.

OBJECTIVES

To increase SHS exposure/tobacco use screening, smoking cessation discharge instructions, and Smokers’ Helpline referrals for community hospital pediatric patients/caregivers through QI.

METHODS

All pediatric, newborn, and NICU admissions were eligible. The baseline period was December 2019 through November 2020 and intervention period December 2020 through June 2021. Interventions included hospitalist education, standardizing documentation, visual reminders, and Helpline wallet cards. The primary measure was monthly percentage of patients screened for SHS exposure/tobacco use. Secondary measures were percentage of patients/caregivers positive for SHS exposure/tobacco use who received (1) discharge instructions or (2) Helpline referral. Length of stay was a balancing measure. Primary and balancing measures were analyzed with statistical process control. Secondary measures were monitored on run charts.

RESULTS

Average SHS exposure/tobacco use screening rates increased from 14% to 90%, meeting special cause variation beginning December 2020. Median discharge instructions increased from 0% to 56%. Helpline referrals increased from 0% to 17%. Length of stay remained approximately 2 days.

CONCLUSIONS

Pediatrician-led QI can increase SHS exposure/tobacco use screening and interventions in the community hospital setting to encourage smoke exposure reduction and smoking cessation for patients and caregivers.
Dispensing Medications at the Hospital Upon Discharge From an Emergency Department
Authors: Mazor Suzan S. , Barrett Michelle C. , Shubin Corinne , Manzi Shannon ,   COMMITTEE ON PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Conners Gregory P. , Callahan James , Gross Toni , Joseph Madeline , Lee Lois , Mack Elizabeth , Marin Jennifer , Paul Ronald , Timm Nathan , Cicero Mark , Dietrich Ann , Eisenberg Andrew , Fallat Mary , Wright Johnson Cynthia , Lightfoot Cynthiana , Macias Charles , Pilkey Diane , Remick Katherine , Stone Elizabeth , Gonzalez del Rey Javier , Wright Joseph L. , Tellez Sue
Published: May 2023

Although most health care services can be provided in the medical home, children will be referred or require visits to the emergency department (ED) for a variety of conditions ranging from nonurgent to emergent. Continuation of medical care after discharge from an ED is dependent on parents or caregivers’ understanding of follow-up instructions and adherence to medication administration recommendations. Barriers to obtaining medications after ED visits include lack of access because of pharmacy hours, affordability, and lack of understanding the importance of medication as part of treatment. ED visits often occur at times when community-based pharmacies are closed. Caregivers are typically concerned with getting their ill or injured child directly home once discharged from the ED. Approximately one-third of patients fail to obtain priority medications from a pharmacy after discharge from an ED. The option of judiciously dispensing medications at ED discharge from the outpatient pharmacy within the health care facility is a major convenience that helps to overcome this obstacle, improving the likelihood of medication adherence. Emergency care encounters should routinely be followed by visits to the primary care provider medical home to ensure complete and comprehensive care.
Ventricular Arrhythmia in Cancer Patients: Mechanisms, Treatment Strategies and Future Avenues
Authors: Agarwal Manyoo A , Sridharan Aadhavi , Pimentel Rhea C , Markowitz Steven M , Rosenfeld Lynda E , Fradley Michael G , Yang Eric H
Published: May 2023

Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the US. Despite the significant progress made in cancer treatment leading to improved prognosis and survival, ventricular arrhythmias (VA) remain a known cardiovascular complication either exacerbated or induced by the direct and indirect effects of both traditional and novel cancer treatments. Although interruption of cancer treatment because of VA is rarely required, knowledge surrounding this issue is essential for optimising the overall care of patients with cancer. The mechanisms of cancer-therapeutic-induced VA are poorly understood. This review will discuss the ventricular conduction (QRS) and repolarisation abnormalities (QTc prolongation), and VAs associated with cancer therapies, as well as existing strategies for the identification, prevention and management of cancer-treatment-induced VAs.
ВЗАЄМОДІЯ МІЖ ЕТАНОЛАМІНОМ І АМІЛАЦЕТАТОМ: АСПЕКТИ КІНЕТИКИ
Authors: Мельник Степан Р. , Данилюк Роман В. , Мельник Юрій Р.
Published: May 2023

Запропоновано схему перетворень за участю етаноламіну, н-амілацетату та продуктів їх взаємодії в реакціях трансестерифікації, амінолізу та O-N-ацил міграції в присутності каталізатора – Н-катіоніту. Встановлений характер накопичення N-(2-гідроксіетил)ацетаміду, 2-аміноетилацетату та 2-(ацетиламіно)етилацетату показав, що кінцевим продуктом перетворень є N-(2-гідроксіетил)ацетамід. Значення констант швидкості, визначені для квазігомогенної моделі реакції, вказують на суттєву роль реакцій амінолізу під час взаємодії етаноламіну і н-амілацетату в присутності Н-катіоніту. Зокрема на перебіг з високою швидкістю реакцій утворення амідів взаємодією етаноламіну і н-амілацетату, 2-аміноетилацетату, або 2-(ацетиламіно)етилацетату вказують високі значення констант швидкостей цих реакцій.    Показано, що запропонована кінетична модель адекватно описує процес одержання N-(2-гідроксіетил)ацетаміду з етаноламіну і н-амілацетату. Розраховано значення преекспонент констант швидкості, енергії, ентропії та ентальпії активації вказаних реакцій. Встановлено, зокрема, що найнижча енергія активації (15.8 кДж∙моль–1) властива для реакції утворення N-(2-гідроксіетил)ацетаміду амінолізом н-амілацетату етаноламіном, а найвища (89.1 кДж∙моль–1) – для реакції утворення 2-(ацетиламіно)етилацетату взаємодією N-(2-гідроксіетил)ацетаміду та н-амілацетату. Виявлено лінійну залежність між логарифмами преекспонент констант швидкості реакцій та їхніми енергіями активації, а також між ентальпією і ентропією активації. Зроблено припущення про наявність компенсаційного ефекту та відсутність ізокінетичного ефекту для всієї сукупності реакцій. Результати дослідження є основою для математичного моделювання технологічного процесу одержання N-(2-гідроксиетил)ацетаміду з етаноламіну та н-амілацетату.