bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroplasticity as the basis of motor rehabilitation
Authors: Amamchyan A. E. , Gafiyatullina G. Sh.
Published: December 2023

Diseases of the nervous system, accompanied by impaired locomotor reactions, occupy a leading place among the causes of disability. In this regard, the review carried out an analysis of national and foreign scientific data devoted to current views about the neurophysiological mechanisms of plasticity and their leading role in ensuring the recovery of movements in neuromotor disorders. Special attention is given both to the organization of the spinal locomotor center as a common final path in the implementation of motor rehabilitation, and to the management of the locomotor center, taking into account modern ideas about the structure of the locomotor body system. Based on the results of systematic literature data, the authors concluded that neuroplasticity of the spinal locomotor center and supraspinal centers of movement regulation is proven, and indicate the expediency of searching for methods which activating the plasticity of the central nervous system.
Interferon system in typical chronic and atypically occurring chronic active herpes virus infections
Authors: Khalturina E. O. , Nesterova I. V. , Malinovskaya V. V. , Myandiev M. S.
Published: December 2023

Objective: to study the characteristics of the functioning of the IFN system, the presence of autoantibodies to INFα in patients suffering from atypical chronic active herpesvirus infections (ACA-HVI) in comparison with patients with a typical course of chronic herpesvirus infections (CHVI).

Materials and methods: under our supervision were 485 patients of both sexes aged 23 to 70 years, suffering from chronic herpes virus infections, of which 335 patients suffered from AHA-HVI and 150 people suffered from CHVI. The comparison group was 250 conditionally healthy individuals (CG). The complex of the study included methods for detecting herpesviruses: serodiagnostics, PCR-RT. The IFN system (spontaneous and induced production, serum concentration) was tested by ELISA. The study was approved by the ethics board and informed consent was obtained from all patients.

Results: the incidence of various mono-mixed herpesvirus infections in patients with ACA-HVI (mono – 26,6% and mixed – 73.4%) and CHVI (mono – 23.1% and mixed – 76.9%) was determined, with EBV dominance in patients of both groups. Serum IFNα deficiency was detected in 100% of cases in both groups, and IFNα in 67% in ACA-HVI and 57% in CHVI. At the same time, significant differences were found between the ACA-HVI and HGVI groups in the level of IFNα reduction: 10 and 5 times, respectively, and for IFNγ – 2.0 and 2.6 times, respectively. The induced IFNα production decreased by 89.1% in ACA-HVI and 47.2% in CHVI. A decrease in induced IFNγ production is characteristic of 50% of patients in both groups. At the same time, the level of induced production of IFN α in patients with ACA-HVI was 9 times lower than in the control group and 4.75 times lower than in the group of patients with CHVI. And the level of induced IFNγ production was 2 times lower compared to CHVI and the control group.

Conclusions: when assessing the state of the IFN system in patients with various chronic herpes virus infections, significant differences were revealed. Thus, the most pronounced manifestations of interferonopathy, consisting in a significant decrease in serum IFNα and IFNγ and defects in induced IFN production of both types, are observed statistically significantly more often in the group of patients with an atypical course of the disease than in the group of patients with a typical course of CHVI. The most pronounced disorders in the IFN system and the lack of recovery of IFNα and IFNγ levels in the interrelational period cause atypicity of the course and active viral replication in patients with ACA-HVI.
Advances and Opportunities of Mobile Health in the Postpandemic Era: Smartphonization of Wearable Devices and Wearable Deviceization of Smartphones
Authors: Hong Wonki
Published: December 2023

Mobile health (mHealth) with continuous real-time monitoring is leading the era of digital medical convergence. Wearable devices and smartphones optimized as personalized health management platforms enable disease prediction, prevention, diagnosis, and even treatment. Ubiquitous and accessible medical services offered through mHealth strengthen universal health coverage to facilitate service use without discrimination. This viewpoint investigates the latest trends in mHealth technology, which are comprehensive in terms of form factors and detection targets according to body attachment location and type. Insights and breakthroughs from the perspective of mHealth sensing through a new form factor and sensor-integrated display overcome the problems of existing mHealth by proposing a solution of smartphonization of wearable devices and the wearable deviceization of smartphones. This approach maximizes the infinite potential of stagnant mHealth technology and will present a new milestone leading to the popularization of mHealth. In the postpandemic era, innovative mHealth solutions through the smartphonization of wearable devices and the wearable deviceization of smartphones could become the standard for a new paradigm in the field of digital medicine.
Сучасні підходи до комплексного лікування ожиріння з пацієнторієнтованим підходом
Authors: Tkachenko V.I. , Bagro T.O.
Published: December 2023

Актуальність. Ожиріння зростає кожного року, погіршує прогноз щодо здоров'я населення, розвитку неінфекційних захворювань та їх ускладнень, інвалідізації та смертності, має негативні соціо-економічні наслідки. Серед ефективних методів лікування ожиріння відомі різні підходи дієтотерапії, психотерапевтичні методики, застосування деяких медикаментозних засобів і хірургічних втручань, але складний патогенез ожиріння зумовлює пошук доказової бази щодо більшого спектру терапевтичих підходів. Мета – провести системний аналіз літератури та проаналізувати сучасні підходи доказової медицини щодо комплексного лікування ожиріння з пацієнторієнтованим підходом. Матеріали та методи. Системний огляд літературних джерел у проблематиці ожиріння щодо його патогенетичних аспектів за ключовими словами: obesity, overveight, guidelines, standarts, protocols of care, treatment, evidence based medicine за період 2012 – 2023 рр. у базах даних PubMed та Cochrane. Для аналізу застосовували бібліосемантичний метод та метод системного аналізу. Результати. Для системного аналізу було відібрано 76 джерел літератури серед знайдених публікацій у PubMed та Cochrane, які найбільш відповідали ключовим словам та поставленій меті дослідження. Опрацьовано 15 міжнародних і національних керівництв щодо лікування ожиріння. Встановлено, що основними принципами лікування ожиріння є застосування пацієнт-орієнтованого комплексного підходу з тривалим наглядом та впровадженням необхідних змін до способу життя, дієтичних звичок, фізичної активності шляхом мотиваційного консультування в комбінації з медикантозними засобами для зменшення ваги на, близько, 5-10 % за 6 місяців. Серед засобів медикаментозного лікування найбільшу ефективність мають препарати центрального механізму дії: сибутрамін, ліраглутид, семаглутид, налтрексон/ бупропіон, фентермін, фентермін/топірамат, лоркасерин. Перспективним у лікуванні ожиріння в майбутньому може стати армодафініл, через його вплив на серотонінгергічну систему, особливо в комплексному пацієнторієнтованому лікуванні пацієнтів з ожирінням, які мають порушення сну і неспання. В Україні нині зареєстровані та рекомендовані для лікування ожиріння лише орлістат та ліраглутід. Висновки. Визначені на сьогодні етіо-патогенетичні механізми розвитку ожиріння свідчать про мультидисциплінарність даної проблеми і необхідність залучення команди спеціалістів для тривалого нагляду та підбору пацієнторієнтованого комплекного лікування.
How Identity Affects Language Learning
Authors: Zhu Xi
Published: December 2023

This paper describes an adult ESL student learning English in Abram Friedman Occupational center, which locates in downtown Los Angeles. The contexts of the community, school, classroom, and main basic information of my case study student will be illustrated at beginning and the theoretical focus of this paper is: Identity. Based on different identities occur in various situations, student’s motivation, investment, resistance, affective filter, BICS and CALP development towards English learning will be carefully analyzed. The evidence and data of this analysis paper are collected from weekly observation, case study student’s class work, and interviews towards my case study student and her English teacher. Three sub claims with examples and evidence will be developed under the main concept: Identity, which will carefully explain how identity affects her second language development and progress. Finally, specific recommendations to student in order to extend and deepen the advantages and impede the disadvantages from her identities will be provided. Last but not least, personal reflection on this case study experience will be given.
Key Characterizes of Education Sector Development Program for Quality Improvement of Primary and Secondary Schools in Ethiopia
Authors: Solomon Tadele Jember, , Zelalem Desta Alemayehu,
Published: December 2023

The Ethiopian government prioritizes education because it believes it is important for reducing poverty and developing the country. The education system has four levels: pre-primary, primary, secondary, and higher education. Pre-primary education is for children aged 4-6, primary education is for children aged 7-14, secondary education is for children aged 15-18, and higher education is for students of all ages. The preparation process for the Ethiopian Social Development Plan (ESDP) was flexible and adapted to the specific context. This approach was a major factor in the success of the process. Therefore, this study does not provide a one-size-fits-all template for preparing other ESDPs, but instead highlights the general principles and issues that are important to consider. Expansion is a central and outstanding feature of the many changes that have characterized the Ethiopian education system at all levels. This trend is likely to continue, as evidenced by the Education Sector Development Program. Primary and secondary education research and policy studies are too numerous to list. The MOE’s management capacity can be evaluated by relevance (participatory planning), efficiency, and effectiveness.
Exploration of 4-Chloro-3-nitrocoumarin: Spectroscopic Analysis, DFT Insights, Molecular Docking, Assessments of Antibacterial and In Vitro Anticancer Activities as a Potent Bioactive Agent
Authors: Mohan Surya S. , Meera M.R. , Rathika A. , Premkumar R.
Published: December 2023

The detailed theoretical and experimental (FT-IR, FT-Raman, UV-visible) spectroscopy analyses of the 4-Chloro-3-nitrocoumarin (CNC) molecule were carried out. The CNC compound's pharmacological properties were also investigated utilizing antibacterial and anticancer activity investigations. Initially, the CNC molecule was optimized by the density functional theory B3LYP method with a cc-pVTZ basis set using the Gaussian 09W program.   The optimized molecular structure provides the harmonic vibrational frequencies of the CNC molecule. The observed and computed vibrational wavenumbers were assigned and found to be well correlated.  UV-Vis absorption spectrum analysis indicates that the molecule contains π→π* electronic transition. Frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) analysis indicates that the LUMO of CNC molecule is mainly located over the nitro group, it indicates that the nitro group is particularly prone to accepting electrons from other molecules and participate in chemical reactions where acts as an electrophile. Mulliken atomic charge distribution analysis further confirms the FMOs results. The antibacterial test results validate that the CNC molecule exhibits a stronger inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus compared to the other tested bacteria.  In vitro anticancer cytotoxicity analysis clearly evidences that the CNC compound inhibits the growth of HeLa cervical cancer cell lines more than A549 lung cancer cell lines. In silico molecular docking study further validates that the CNC molecule inhibits the function of the p38a Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14, which has been associated with cervical cancer.  As a result, the present study paves the way for the development of new drugs to treat cervical cancer.

Keywords: 4-Chloro-3-nitrocoumarin; DFT; FT-IR; FT-Raman; Anticancer; Molecular docking; Cervical cancer drug.
Effective management of science development as a whole: approaches to the topic
Authors: Selezneva I. E. , Sidel`nikov Yu. V.
Published: December 2023

The paper examines the issues of managing the science development as a whole. The purpose of the study is to increase the efficiency of management of the development of science by identifying factors that contribute to or hinder the development of science as a whole and to consider approaches to assessing the level of development of science. The article suggests approaches to this topic, which are expressed in the consideration of science as a whole, as well as in an attempt to approach the construction of a model that allows taking into account the intensity of the influence of the whole set of factors on the development or inhibition of science as a whole. For this purpose, the following factors were identified and systematized, those that: always contribute to the development of science as a whole; always inhibit the development (hinder the development) of science as a whole; as well as those that both slow down and accelerate the development of science.For this reason, some of the factors have been identified that: always contributing to the development of science as a whole; always hindering the development of science as a whole; both hindering and accelerating the development of science. The systematization of these factors has been carried out. A statement of the research goal is proposed and, based on its decomposition, five tasks are set. Some shortcomings of modern methods and techniques of monitoring, evaluating the progress of scientific research and determining the level of development of science, based on scientometric indicators, are indicated. An approach is proposed to assess the level of science development depending on the time period under consideration, external conditions and the intensity of the factors influence on the development or inhibition of science as a whole
An Analysis of Students’ Critical Thinking Ability in Solving Jumping Task Questions based on Learning Style
Authors: Trapsilasiwi Dinawati , Jatmiko Dhanar Dwi Hary , Pambudi Didik Sugeng , Ambarwati Reza , Alim Fathul
Published: December 2023

Critical thinking ability is the ability that must be possessed by all students in order to solve the problems encountered. Research that can reveal the critical thinking skills of students needs to be done. This study aims to describe the critical thinking skills of junior high school students in Jember in completing the jumping task problem in terms of learning styles in the material system of two variable linear equations. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research. The data collection method used is a questionnaire for learning style, critical thinking ability test questions based on jumping tasks, and interviews. The subject consists of three subjects from the single learning force category. Based on data analysis, students with a visual style can complete three jumping task questions and are able to fulfill five critical thinking ability indicators, namely focus, reason, inference, situation, and clarity. Students with an auditorial style can complete three jumping task questions and are able to fulfill five indicators of critical thinking skills: focus, reason, inference, situation, and clarity. Students with a kinesthetic style can solve only one question and fulfill five indicators: focus, reason, inference, situation, and overview. Suggestions Further research can see the critical thinking skills of students with double learning styles.
Habilidades de la enfermera de enlace para gestionar el alta del paciente
Authors: Gómez-Torres Danelia , Gómez-Alcántara Karla Sofía , Maris-Peres Aida , Méndez-Salazar Vianey
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: determinar las habilidades de la enfermera de enlace para la continuidad de los cuidados en el alta hospitalaria. Materiales y métodos: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, método de estudio de casos múltiples, fundamentado por la teoría de las competencias. Las participantes fueron ocho enfermeras de enlace. Los datos se recolectaron de manera presencial mediante una guía de entrevista semiestructurada y otra de observación, se analizaron los datos mediante explanaciones concurrentes. Resultados: todas las participantes contaban con más de 3 años de experiencia como enfermeras de enlace, con un rango de edad entre los 32 y los 56 años. Las enfermeras de enlace tienen habilidades enfocadas a la gestión, comunicación, negociación y coordinación de los elementos de salud. Conclusión: las habilidades de las enfermeras de enlace favorecen el cuidado continuado a pacientes tras el alta hospitalaria, el conocer las habilidades permite crear un perfil profesional para que esta figura de enfermería sea implementada en los sistemas de salud.
Experiencias de profesores de enfermería durante la pandemia por COVID-19: una mirada desde el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje
Authors: Ochoa-Marin Sandra Catalina , Restrepo-Betancur Vanessa
Published: December 2023

Objetivo Describir las experiencias de los profesores en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje durante la pandemia en una facultad de enfermería en Medellín, Colombia. Materiales y métodos Estudio cualitativo para el cual se realizaron once entrevistas individuales semiestructuradas. Los participantes fueron profesores universitarios de una facultad de enfermería en Medellín, Colombia. El análisis se usando elementos de la teoría fundamentada; se realizó el análisis línea a línea, lo que permitió agrupar los datos en las siguientes categorías: transformación del proceso de enseñanza -aprendizaje; efectos del proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje; redes de apoyo; lecciones aprendidas de la experiencia. Resultados La transformación del proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje, el manejo de herramientas tecnológicas, los efectos del rápido cambio en las metodologías de enseñanza, y las redes de apoyo de los docentes universitarios fueron las temáticas principales que surgieron de los participantes en cuanto a su experiencia en la educación de enfermería. Conclusión La educación de enfermería durante la pandemia en Colombia requirió de grandes esfuerzos de los profesores para continuar con el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, lo que conllevo a que se adaptaran de forma rápida, padecieran cambios en su salud, implementaran estrategias de autocuidado y requirieran apoyo de sus familiares, compañeros y amigos.
Relación entre material particulado, variables meteorológicas e infecciones respiratorias agudas en la zona norte de Ocaña
Authors: Armesto Arenas Alexander , Cañon Barriga Julio Eduardo
Published: December 2023

Contextualización: esta investigación se enfoca en la salud pública y la calidad del aire de la zona norte residencial de la ciudad de Ocaña, impactada por una vía nacional con tráfico lento que provoca altas emisiones de material particulado (PM10).
Vacío de conocimiento: la investigación responde a las siguientes inquietudes: ¿cómo se relacionan las concentraciones de PM10 y PM2.5 en la zona?; ¿hacia dónde se dispersa el PM10 emitido por las fuentes móviles?; ¿cuáles son las repercusiones de la dispersión en los barrios de la zona norte?; ¿cuáles han sido los grupos etarios significativamente afectados por infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) debidas a las condiciones climáticas y el material particulado?
Propósito: analizar la correlación del material particulado (PM10 y PM2.5) con las condiciones meteorológicas y con el grado de correspondencia con las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) de la zona norte de Ocaña, Colombia.
Metodología: se utilizó información oficial de los años 2018, 2019 y 2021, incluyendo mediciones propias de PM2.5 mediante un equipo automatizado. Las variables relacionadas con las IRA se agruparon por sexo, edad, barrio; y se relacionaron con el material particulado y condiciones meteorológicas, mediante análisis factorial múltiple (AFM) y modelos de regresión lineal.
Resultados y conclusiones: Resultados: la relación PM2.5/PM10 es significativa (Pearson r =0.812), y sus concentraciones son superiores a las permitidas. El PM10 tuvo correlación significativa con el viento, la precipitación y la humedad (-0.51, -0.53 y -0.56). Las mujeres presentaron más casos registrados de IRA que los hombres, con una mayor correlación significativa (p<0.05) con el PM10 y la humedad relativa, especialmente para edades entre uno a cuatro años, y mayores de 70 años. Asimismo, los barrios cercanos a la vía nacional, orientados en la dirección del viento, mostraron mayores casos de IRA, además de mayor correlación significativa con el PM10. En conclusión, las concentraciones de PM10 y PM2.5 están significativamente correlacionadas entre sí, e influenciadas por las condiciones climáticas, del mismo modo, sus impactos en la salud respiratoria son significativos en niños menores de cinco años, especialmente los que residen en la dirección de dispersión del PM10.
Bacterias filamentosas productoras de enzimas hidrolíticas aisladas de rizosferas y un sistema de compostaje
Authors: Osorio Echeverri Victor Manuel , Obando García Jessica Johanna , Castrillón Duque Elizabeth Ximena , Martínez José Gregorio
Published: December 2023

Contextualización: Las hidrolasas son algunas de las enzimas que más se usan en diferentes procesos industriales y se pueden obtener a partir de microorganismos como bacterias y hongos. Las bacterias filamentosas son un grupo de microorganismos presentes en diversos ambientes y muchas de estas especies producen hidrolasas extracelulares que catalizan la descomposición de compuestos como proteínas y polisacáridos. El género más representativo es Streptomyces, un grupo bacteriano que se encuentra en la mayoría de los suelos y que sintetiza enzimas de interés y los principales antibióticos de origen microbiano.

Vacío de conocimiento: La alta diversidad de suelos en el país representa una oportunidad para la bioprospección de microrganismos nativos con potencial enzimático; estos se pueden encontrar en diferentes agroecosistemas poco estudiados y sus capacidades bioquímicas podrían estar asociadas con las condiciones ambientales y nutricionales de los sitios en los que se encuentran.

Objetivo: Verificar la presencia de bacterias filamentosas productoras de enzimas hidrolíticas con potencial aplicación industrial, en diferentes tipos de suelo y en un sistema de compostaje.

Metodología: Se tomaron muestras de un sistema de compostaje, del suelo de un sendero en un bosque nativo y de las rizosferas de un cerco vivo y de cultivos de hortensias, aguacate, mora y coles. Se aislaron bacterias filamentosas a partir de colonias que presentaran la morfología correspondiente. Las actividades enzimáticas se determinaron usando el método de difusión en disco para cuantificar los halos de hidrólisis en medios con almidón, carboximetilcelulosa, gelatina y aceite de oliva.

Resultados y conclusiones: Se obtuvieron 43 aislados de bacterias filamentosas de las cuales 36, 42, 39 y 30 presentaron actividad amilasa, celulasa, gelatinasa y lipasa, respectivamente. En todas las muestras se encontró al menos un aislado con alguna actividad hidrolítica. El sistema de compostaje y la rizosfera del cerco vivo fueron los sitios a partir de los cuales se obtuvieron más aislados bacterianos con mayor actividad, posiblemente relacionada con características como la humedad y la materia orgánica de los suelos de los cuales fueron recuperados.
Projecting Form, Investigating Distance
Authors: Agnese Cebere
Published: December 2023

This exposition describes a process of investigating projection of form as a bridge between near and far, physical and virtual, anchored in the production of what I call “handheld devices” and a multimedia performance. It explores sympathetic dwelling in the crevices of the clay forms in relation to the smooth openness of the built environment of scientific and institutional space exemplified by the Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact at the University of Oregon which graciously hosted me for a Center for Art Research Project Incubator residency and fellowship in 2023. In this text, I take up concepts of information and noise, distance and intimacy, affordances and the dynamics of action.
MODERN MİMARLIĞIN BURSA’DAKİ İZLERİNİ ARAMAK: HALİT FEMİR-FERİDUN AKOZAN İŞ BİRLİĞİ
Authors: OKUMUŞ Gürkan , OKUMUŞ Gökhan
Published: December 2023

Özet

Halit Femir ve Feridun Akozan’ın dönemin mimarlık ortamı ve Akademi’deki mimar/eğitimcilerin birlikte çalışma geleneği çerçevesinde bir araya gelişi, projelerinin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Dönemin mimarlık pratiğindeki iş birliği kültürü, pek çok ortaklığa ve kolektif üretimler gerçekleştirilmesine olanak tanır. 1942-1954 yılları arasındaki Femir- Akozan ortaklık süreci de çeşitli yapı tipolojilerinden, mimarlık ve tasarım pratiğindeki farklı yaklaşımlara kadar geniş bir mimari üretim yelpazesini kapsamaktadır. Konut, ticaret ve endüstri yapısı, toplu konut yerleşkesi, deniz feneri, kentsel planlama, tarihi dokuda yeni tasarım gibi farklı konularda olmak üzere ikilinin farklı bağlamlarda birçok çalışması bulunmaktadır.

Bu çalışma, Cumhuriyet sonrası dönemde modern mimarlığın Bursa’ya yansımalarını, dönemin mimarlık pratiği ve yapı üretme kültürüne dair verilerle Halit Femir-Feridun Akozan iş birliği üzerinden irdelemeyi hedeflemektedir. İkilinin mimarlık yaklaşımları ve iş birliği süreci birlikte ele alınırken, Bursa’daki farklı bağlam ve ölçeklerdeki İpekçilik Kolektif Şirketi Dokuma Fabrikası, Bay Selim Süter Evi ve Bursa Hal ve Çarşı Binaları’na odaklanılmaktadır. Seçilen bu örnekler, ikilinin mimarlık ve tasarım yaklaşımını farklı ölçeklerde irdelemeyi ve dönemiyle kurduğu referansları sunmayı sağlarken; bu yazıda yapıların tasarım yaklaşımları, kentsel çevredeki tarihsel ve bağlamsal özellikleri, arşiv ve alan çalışmaları ve sözlü görüşmeler aracılığıyla aktarılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, sınırlı bir bilgiye sahip olunan mimarlar ve çalışmaları hakkında literatüre katkı sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır.
Buoy-based detection of low-energy cosmic-ray neutrons to monitor the influence of atmospheric, geomagnetic, and heliospheric effects
Authors: Schrön Martin , Rasche Daniel , Weimar Jannis , Köhli Markus Otto , Herbst Konstantin , Boehrer Bertram , Hertle Lasse , Kögler Simon , Zacharias Steffen
Published: December 2023

Cosmic radiation on Earth responds to heliospheric, geomagnetic,
atmospheric, and lithospheric changes. In order to use its signal for
soil hydrological monitoring, the signal of thermal and epithermal
neutron detectors needs to be corrected for external influencing
factors. However, theories about the neutron response to soil water, air
pressure, air humidity, and incoming cosmic radiation are still under
debate. To challenge these theories, we isolated the neutron response
from almost any terrestrial changes by operating bare and moderated
neutron detectors in a buoy on a lake in Germany from July 15 to
December 02, 2014. We found that the count rate over water has been
better predicted by a recent theory compared to the traditional
approach. We further found strong linear correlation parameters to air
pressure and air humidity for epithermal neutrons, while thermal
neutrons responded differently. Correction for incoming radiation proved
to be necessary for both thermal and epithermal neutrons, for which we
tested different neutron monitors and correction methods. Here, the
conventional approach worked best with the Jungfraujoch monitor in
Switzerland, while the approach from a recent study was able to
adequately rescale data from more remote neutron monitors. However, no
approach was able to sufficiently remove the signal from a major Forbush
decrease event, to which thermal and epithermal neutrons showed a
comparatively strong response. The buoy detector experiment provided a
unique dataset for empirical testing of traditional and new theories on
CRNS. It could serve as a local alternative to reference data from
remote neutron monitors.
Impacts of COVID-19 on USA Education Stocks and Asymmetric Information
Authors: Fernandes Leonardo H S , Silva José W L , Araujo Fernando Henrique Antunes de , Fernandes José P. V. , Leite Urbano P S , Muniz Lucas M , Paiva Ranilson o A , Pinto Ibsen M B S , Tabak Benjamin
Published: December 2023

This paper promotes an exchange of scientific information considering
two cornerstones for modern economic-financial theory: the Efficient
Market Hypothesis in weak form (EMH), Asymmetric Information and
Multifrac-tal Theory. We employ the Multifractal Detrended
Cross-Correlation Analysis (MF-DCCA) to check the effects caused by
COVID-19 in one of the most relevant economic sectors to the Economic
Growth theory, the Education sector. Therefore, our analysis considers
two non-overlapping periods (before, during and after COVID-19) to
investigate the intricate multifractal dynamics between volatility time
series pairs of these assets fixed the EDU asset. For both periods, our
findings categorically rejected the Efficient Market Hypothesis in
Fama’s sense and ratified the Fractal Market Hypothesis. Also, analyzing
the asymmetry multifractal parameter validates the Asymmetric
Information in Stiglitz’s sense for both periods. Our empirical evidence
clarifies the complex dynamics of peculiar USA education group stocks
and provides a better understanding of the most diverse stakeholders.
Utility of Peridotite Host Rocks for Sequestering Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Speer Joanna , Matter Juerg , Teagle Damon , James Rachel , Duret Manon , Newman Phil , Plint Neville
Published: December 2023

Weathering is a natural geological process whereby atmospheric CO2
dissolved in rainwater attacks rocks, partly dissolving them. The
CO is converted into alkalinity or carbonate minerals
that securely store carbon on timescales of >10,000 years.
Modelling studies show that if weathering rates can be increased (by
selecting the most reactive rocks, increasing reactive surface area), up
to an additional 2 Gt CO yr could
be removed from the atmosphere, ~40% of the amount
required by 2100 to meet the Paris Agreement target.

The mining industry extracts gigatonnes of rock each year, generating
large amounts of freshly exposed, reactive surface area that could be
used as a feedstock for enhanced weathering. Ore deposits with the
highest CO removal capacity are those mined in high
quantities that have an abundance of calcium- and magnesium-bearing
silicate minerals [1]. Here, we report the results of an
investigation into the reactivity of serpentinised peridotite samples 
from the Sakatti Cu-Ni-PGE deposit (Finland). The deposit consists of
both disseminated and massive sulphides hosted within a large
olivine-cumulate  body [2]. The material consists primarily of
serpentine
[MgSiO(OH)]
and olivine [MgSiO] minerals that
have a high potential for CO removal via enhanced
weathering.

We have conducted a series of laboratory experiments whereby crushed
peridotite samples were reacted with CO-enriched
solutions at 25 °C and 50 °C, and 1 bar CO (100%
CO).  Surface area normalised dissolution rates were
determined for various grain sizes,  temperatures, mineral compositions
(degree of serpentinization) and solution chemistry (with/without a
chelating agent).
Streamflow intermittence in Europe: Estimating high-resolution monthly time series by downscaling of simulated runoff and Random Forest modeling
Authors: Doell Petra , Abbasi Mahdi , Messager Mathis Loic , Trautmann Tim , Lehner Bernhard , Lamouroux Nicolas
Published: December 2023

Knowing where and when rivers cease to flow provides an important basis
for evaluating riverine biodiversity, biogeochemistry and ecosystem
services. We present a novel modeling approach to estimate monthly time
series of streamflow intermittence at high spatial resolution at the
continental scale. Streamflow intermittence is quantified at more than
1.5 million river reaches in Europe as the number of no-flow days
grouped into five classes (0, 1-5, 6-15, 16-29, 30-31 no-flow days) for
each month from 1981 to 2019. Daily time series of observed streamflow
at 3706 gauging stations were used to train and validate a two-step
Random Forest modeling approach. Important predictors were derived from
time series of monthly streamflow at 73 million 15 arc-sec
(~500 m) grid cells that were computed by downscaling
the 0.5 arc-deg (~55 km) output of the global
hydrological model WaterGAP, which accounts for human water use. Of the
observed perennial and intermittent station-months, 97.8% and 86.4%,
respectively, are correctly predicted. Interannual variations of the
number of intermittent months at intermittent reaches are satisfactorily
simulated, with a median Pearson correlation of 0.5. While the spatial
prevalence of intermittent reaches is underestimated, the number of
intermittent months is overestimated in dry regions of Europe where
artificial storage abounds. Our model estimates that 3.8% of all
European reach-months and 17.2% of all reaches were intermittent during
1981-2019, predominantly with 30-31 no-flow days. Although estimation
uncertainty is high, our study provides, for the first time, information
on the continent-wide dynamics of intermittent rivers and streams.
Supporting Data Sharing and Discovery for the Earth's Critical Zone through Cross-Repository Interoperability
Authors: Horsburgh Jeffery S. , Lehnert Kerstin , Read Jordan , Calloway Chris , Black Scott , Ramirez Maurier , Profeta Lucy , Cogswell Clara , Ji Peng , Tarboton David , Seul Martin
Published: December 2023

Critical Zone (CZ) scientists study the coupled chemical, biological,
physical, and geological processes operating across scales to support
life at the Earth’s surface. In 2020, the U.S. National Science
Foundation funded a network of Thematic Cluster projects called “CZ
Net” to work collaboratively in answering scientific questions related
to effects of urbanization on CZ processes; CZ function in semi-arid
landscapes and the role of dust in sustaining these ecosystems; deep
bedrock processes and their relationship to CZ evolution; CZ recovery
from disturbances such as fire and flooding; and changes in the coastal
CZ related to rising sea level. Data collected by these projects are
diverse, ranging from time series from in situ sensors to laboratory
analysis of physical samples, geophysical measurements, and others.
Thus, coordinating data collection, archival, discovery, and access for
the network presents significant challenges. Given the diversity in
scientific domains represented, data produced, and collaborations, no
single repository fully meets the needs of CZ scientists, posing
questions of which repositories to use, how to enable discovery of and
access to data across different repositories, and how to develop and
promote best practices for sharing research products. This presentation
describes cyberinfrastructure (CI) development by the CZ Net
Coordinating Hub that leverages existing, domain-specific repositories
for managing, curating, disseminating, and preserving data and research
products from the CZ Net projects. We have developed CI that links
existing data facilities and services, including HydroShare, EarthChem,
Zenodo, and other repositories via a CZ Hub that provides tools for data
submission, resource registry, metadata cataloging, resource
discovery/access, and links to computational resources for analysis and
visualization. The CZ Hub’s goal is to make data, samples, software, and
other research products created by CZ Net projects Findable, Accessible,
Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR), using existing domain-specific
repositories. The repository interoperability we have demonstrated for
delivering data services for an interdisciplinary science program may
provide a template for future development of integrated,
interdisciplinary data services.
Golden rule in cooperative commons
Authors: Flam Sjur Didrik
Published: December 2023

This paper considers common use of natural, renewable resources. It identifies good prospects for efficiency and welfare. To be precise, a core outcome -- hence cooperation -- can be secured over time by principal planning of total quotas, and in time by agents who share these in short-term markets. Information flows in two directions: to the principal as market prices and from him as total quantities. Of particular interest is eventual convergence to a golden-rule, steady state.
The Basics of General Financial Science by Antun Ferdinand Albely
Authors: Novosel Zrinko
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to present interpretations and modifications of the early 19th century legal and economic knowledge within A. F. Albely's The Basics of General Financial Science, a textbook which focuses on the aspect of public finances. Referencing his own work to other authors in this academic field, Albely participated in a disciplinary discourse which served as a hub for circulation of ideas. This paper's primary concern is revealing the sources of Albely's legal and economic knowledge and noticing modifications which occured in ideas between different texts. Digital text analysis, accessed at the web-available platform Voyant tools, will prove to be an important heuristic asset, as it will disclose textual environments of ideas appearing in the analysed texts. This approach will enable new interpretative possibilities in the investigative field of knowledge circulation, as it will employ results of digital text analysis in order to discern Albely's intellectual influences and give insight into an idea modification process.
Assessment of cluster potential in Slovakia: Case study in the Upper Povazie region
Authors: Gáll Jozef , Michálková Anna
Published: December 2023

As clusters currently represent a significant support in the development of
regions, it is important to analyze their potential in the tourism industry.
In Slovakia, tourism clusters work alongside local tourism organizations for
legislative reasons. The main aim of the present study is to use appropriate
identification methods to map the microeconomic environment of the selected
tourism region and subsequent analysis to evaluate the existing
preconditions for successful and efficient operation of the tourism cluster.
The results of the survey serve as an input database for the application of
the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method, which revealed the current
cluster potential in the Upper Povazie region. The individual determinants
of the Porter?s Diamond model achieved favorable results. Using multiple
regression analysis, quantification and interpretation of the
interrelationships between input variables were enabled. The applied
analysis shows that the potential pillars for the creation of a tourism
cluster in the Upper Povazie region are the determinants of firm strategy,
structure, and rivalry in the region, related and supporting industries, and
factor conditions. The results show that the examined determinant factors
create conditions for the functioning of a potential cluster in the region
at an average level.
Perception of a recreational voucher as an innovation and sustainable tool of tourism development
Authors: Matusíková Daniela , Vargová Tünde
Published: December 2023

The submitted contribution deals with the current status and view of the
recreational vouchers as a tourism support tool from the point of view of
employees who are entitled to use this option. The aim of the study was to
find out, describe, and evaluate the perception of recreational vouchers as
a tool of sustainable domestic tourism by employees who used this option and
compare them with the perception of those who have not done it yet. Overall,
188 respondents took part in the questionnaire research held in person and
online, in the period from December 2022 to February 2023. The methodology
of the research to verify the perception of respondents included the use of
Shapiro-Wilk normality test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and
Spearman correlation coefficient, which were evaluated in Software Gretl.
The results of the research brought a positive opinion even from the public
who did not have the opportunity to use them, but the statistical
verification of the hypotheses did not show a different perception of the
voucher among the respondents and their selected characteristics (age and
place of residence). On the other hand, a positive opinion about the
recreational voucher is confirmed, from which it can be concluded that the
voucher can be perceived as an important and necessary tool oriented toward
the development of sustainable domestic tourism in Slovakia.
Tourism in the context of contemporary theories of regional development
Authors: Vujadinovic Snezana , Sabic Dejan , Gajic Mirjana , Golic Rajko , Kazmina Lyudmila , Joksimovic Marko , Krstic Filip , Malinic Vladimir , Sedlak Marko
Published: December 2023

Tourism is a significant segment of development policy at the national level,
and it is important in terms of contributing to the Gross domestic product
(GDP) diversifying of economy, reducing disparities between regions,
fostering development capital, and promoting regional development. Tourism
greatly contributes to the sustainable development of a region and a unit of
local self-government, in an environment where sometimes there are no other
alternatives for achieving that goal. Theories of regional development and
tourism have evolved over a similar period after the Second World War. The
concept of regional development has undergone a significant transformation
through various theories. The paper analyzes the main principles of the
theory of endogenous regional development and the possibility of its
application for tourism research as a development factor. Tourism
development policy is often created by the views of these theories. The
purpose of this paper is to indicate, based on the analysis of modern ideas
and approaches to regional development, whether they are suitable for the
study of tourism and which factors are decisive in achieving its development
function. The paper points out certain elements of theories that can
individually or together represent the theoretical basis for tourism
development planning in regions and local government units.
Synthesis of ultrafine (Mo,W)Si2 composite powders from high purity molybdenum concentrate
Authors: Huang J.-B. , Zhang G.-H.
Published: December 2023

(Mo,W)Si2 composite powders with the grain size of about 1 ?m were synthesized at 1150? for 2 h. The high purity molybdenum concentrate (with the main component of MoS2), W and Si powders were utilized as raw materials and lime as desulfurizer. The graphite felt was laid between the compact (made of MoS2, W and Si) and the lime to facilitate the separation of the produced composite powders from desulfurization product. The phase composition, microstructure evolution, and residual sulfur content during the silicothermic reduction reaction were evaluated. The experimental results showed that the reaction could be completed after a reaction time of 1150? for 2 h, and the residual sulfur content of the product was 0.087 wt.%. It was concluded that the interactions between Si and the intermediate products of SiS and SiS2 are crucial for the preparationof (Mo,W)Si2 composite powders at low temperatures. The preparation process could be divided into three stages: solid state reactions between MoS2, W and Si to produce MoSi2, WSi2 and gaseous SiS; gas-solid reaction between MoS2, W and gaseous SiS to generate MoSi2, WSi2 and gaseous SiS2; and gas-solid reaction between gaseous SiS2 and Si to form SiS gas. With this short flow process, fine-grained (Mo,W)Si2 composite powders can be produced at low cost at low temperature, which has great application potential.
Discovery of a Novel Benzothiadiazine-Based Selective Aldose Reductase Inhibitor as Potential Therapy for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Jin Ruyi , Wang Jin , Li Mingyue , Tang Tian , Feng Yidong , Zhou Sha , Xie Honglei , Feng Haiyu , Guo Jianshuang , Fu Ruijia , Liu Jiping , Tang Yuping , Shi Yajun , Guo Hui , Wang Yuwei , Nie Fayi , Li Jing
Published: December 2023

Aldose reductase 2 (ALR2), an activated enzyme in the polyol pathway by hyperglycemia, has long been recognized as one of the most promising targets for complications of diabetes, especially in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). However, many of the ALR2 inhibitors have shown serious side effects due to poor selectivity over aldehyde reductase (ALR1). Herein, we describe the discovery of a series of benzothiadiazine acetic acid derivatives as potent and selective inhibitors against ALR2 and evaluation of their anti-DPN activities in vivo. Compound 15c, carrying a carbonyl group at the 3-position of the thiadiazine ring, showed high potent inhibition against ALR2 (IC50 = 33.19 nmol/L) and ∼16,109-fold selectivity for ALR2 over ALR1. Cytotoxicity assays ensured the primary biosafety of 15c. Further pharmacokinetic assay in rats indicated that 15c had a good pharmacokinetic feature (t1/2 = 5.60 h, area under the plasma concentration time curve [AUC(0-t)] = 598.57 ± 216.5 μg/mL * h), which was superior to epalrestat (t1/2 = 2.23 h, AUC[0-t] = 20.43 ± 3.7 μg/mL * h). Finally, in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model, 15c significantly increased the nerve conduction velocities of impaired sensory and motor nerves, achieved potent inhibition of d-sorbitol production in the sciatic nerves, and significantly increased the paw withdrawal mechanical threshold. By combining the above investigations, we propose that 15c might represent a promising lead compound for the discovery of an antidiabetic peripheral neuropathy drug.

Article Highlights
Fetal Overgrowth and Preterm Delivery in Women With Type 1 Diabetes Using Insulin Pumps or Multiple Daily Injections: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EVOLVE Study Cohort
Authors: Thorius Ida Holte , Husemoen Lise Lotte N. , Nordsborg Rikke Baastrup , Alibegovic Amra C. , Gall Mari-Anne , Petersen Janne , Damm Peter , Mathiesen Elisabeth R.
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

To compare the risk of fetal overgrowth and preterm delivery in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) treated with insulin pumps versus multiple daily injections (MDI) and examine whether possible differences were mediated through improved glycemic control or gestational weight gain during pregnancy.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The risk of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes were evaluated in a cohort of 2,003 pregnant women with T1D enrolled from 17 countries in a real-world setting during 2013–2018.

RESULTS

In total, 723 women were treated with pumps and 1,280 with MDI. At inclusion (median gestational weeks 8.6 [interquartile range 7–10]), pump users had lower mean HbA1c (mean ± SD 50.6 ± 9.8 mmol/mol [6.8 ± 0.9%] vs. 53.6 ± 13.8 mmol/mol [7.1 ± 1.3%], P < 0.001), longer diabetes duration (18.4 ± 7.8 vs. 14.4 ± 8.2 years, P < 0.001), and higher prevalence of retinopathy (35.3% vs. 24.4%, P < 0.001). Proportions of large for gestational age (LGA) offspring and preterm delivery were 59.0% vs. 52.2% (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.36 [95% CI 1.09; 1.70], P = 0.007) and 39.6% vs. 32.1% (adjusted OR 1.46 (95% CI 1.17; 1.82), P < 0.001), respectively. The results did not change after adjustment for HbA1c or gestational weight gain.

CONCLUSIONS

Insulin pump treatment in pregnant women with T1D, prior to the widespread use of continuous glucose monitoring or automated insulin delivery, was associated with a higher risk of LGA offspring and preterm delivery compared with MDI in crude and adjusted analyses. This association did not appear to be mediated by differences in glycemic control as represented by HbA1c or by gestational weight gain.