bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Process optimization for biogenesis of silver nanoparticles from Aspergillus flavus GGRK1 culture filtrate: Characterization and Its antibacterial efficacy
Authors: Naini Divya , Gupta Guddu Kumar , Rawat Gaurav , Kapoor Sonia , Kapoor Rajeev Kumar
Published: April 2024

The cell-free culture filtrate (CF) of Aspergillus flavus GGRK1 could mediate the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using silver nitrate. Extracellular extract of Aspergillus flavus GGRK1 was a significant reductant for the reduction of silver nanoparticles due to presence of metabolites or other bioactive compounds. After the reduction of Ag (I) ions to Ag by the fungal CF, a dark brown color was obtained which indicated the biosynthesis of AgNPs. The maximum AgNPs were synthesized at the CCD-optimized condition of AgNO3 conc. of 4.189 mM, CFC 0.905 mL, and reaction time 8.17 h. The biosynthesized AgNPs had a zeta size of 119.4 nm diameter. The FTIR study revealed the significant efficacy of functional groups associated with the biosynthesized AgNPs. Additionally, the XRD study revealed a crystalline nature of biosynthesized AgNPs along very good correlation with FCC lattice. The biosynthesized nanoparticles showed significant antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. As a result, the maximum ZOI was obtained at 150 µl/ml against all the tested organisms such as B. subtilis MTCC 121, S. aureus MTCC 96, E coli MTCC 443 and P. aeruginosa MTCC 424 with 18 mm, 20 mm, 14 mm, and 18 mm, respectively.
An experimental study on the application of “blue” (λ = 450 nm) laser light to remove pigmented skin formations
Authors: Podurar S. A. , Gorbatova N. Ye. , Bryantsev A. V. , Zolotov S. A. , Duvanskiy V. A. , Tertychny A. S. , Varev G. A.
Published: April 2024

Objective. Pigment benign skin formations, including pigment spots, nevi and congenital giant pigment nevi (CGPN) are pathological skin formations located in its various layers, consisting of a cluster of melanocytes – cells containing the pigment melanin. CGPN are a special psychological and medical problem associated with extensive unaesthetic changes in the skin and with changed appearance of the patient Currently, there are numerous methods for treating pigmented skin formations, including CGPN. But all them are often ineffective and lead to unsatisfactory clinical and aesthetic results, while the incidence of complications sometimes reaches 41 % of cases in the form of scarring and recurrences. In this regard, the problem of effective and correct treatment of them continues to be relevant and requires further research in this direction.Purpose. To experimentally substantiate the effectiveness of application of laser light with wavelength λ = 450 nm for improving outcomes of treatment of pigmented skin formations, including CGPN, in children.Materials and methods. In the present trial, the researchers used laser light of “blue” spectral range (λ = 450 nm) with the absorption peak close to melanin, hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin. Such light is generated by diode laser «Lasermed 10-03», developed for medical purposes by Russian Engineering Club LLC, Tula, Russian Federation. An experimental biomedical study was performed in vitro on cooled samples of mini-pig liver and muscles and in vivo on the pigmented skin of a live laboratory rat with the assessment of morphometric parameters and dynamics of the regenerative wound process at the irradiated zones.Results. The results of the performed experimental study promoted the development of optimal modes of “blue” (λ = 450 nm) laser irradiation for the precise removal of various pigmented skin formations.Conclusion. Laser light with wavelength 450 nm is a promising technique for the effective treatment of pigmented skin formations, among others CGPN, in pediatric patients as well
A Review on Cooling Methods of Lithium-Ion Battery Pack for Electric Vehicles Applications
Authors: Ummid Isamiya Shaikh  , Dhanapal Kamble  , Sandeep Kore
Published: April 2024

The thermal concerns, such as capacity loss, uneven temperature distribution and thermal runaway of the battery packs made of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) used in electric vehicles (EV), limits its applicability, especially in situations of high-power demand. This article analyses the causes of heat generation in lithium-ion battery packs, focusing on their dominance over total heat generation. It discusses the thermal issues arising from heat generation, their root causes, and influencing parameters. Further, it examines the effect of cooling systems on peak battery temperature and temperature uniformity, as well as their design, operating, and performance parameters. The review suggests that, when designing a cooling system, entropic heating should be considered alongside Joule heating during low discharge rates and high temperatures, which are the conditions that prevail when an EV cruises on highways in hot weather. Capacity fade of battery is caused by temperature-dependent factors such as the growth of the SEI layer, rise in separator resistance, and active material loss. Hence an effective battery cooling system should maintain a temperature range of 15°C to 35°C and ‘ΔTmax’ below 6°C. Out of the reviewed cooling systems, air cooling is found to be simple and cost effective, but inefficient for large battery packs. PCM based cooling technique offers greater temperature uniformity but is sensitive to melting point. Liquid cooling is most efficient but adds cost and complexity. Evaporative cooling can serve as a middle ground between air and liquid cooling with further research to put it into practice. The future research in battery thermal management may focus lowering the energy consumption of the cooling systems by taking into account, the precise cooling needs as per the modes of battery operation.
A Review of Entropy Generation in Rectangular Cavities
Authors: Azlina Jumadi  , Norazam Arbin  , Habibis Saleh  , Seripah Awang Kechil
Published: April 2024

Entropy generation is a thermodynamic system attribute representing the direction or result of spontaneous changes within the system. This article uses an entropy generation analysis to examine the thermodynamic optimum in square cavities. Numerous studies have documented using entropy generation analysis as an evaluation measure. This research will utilise entropy generation in various types of convective heat transfer under multiple factors. Furthermore, the problem formulation and outcomes regarding entropy generation in square cavities are presented and summarised in a table. To summarise, the primary goal in dealing with this problem is to get an ideal configuration that maximises energy efficiency through minimising entropy generation and enhancing heat transfer rate. This review study sets the framework for future investigations into entropy production analysis to boost energy efficiency.
Dynamics and Fault Diagnosis of Railway Vehicle Gearboxes: A Review
Authors: Zhao Liang , Chen Yuejian
Published: April 2024

The railway vehicle gearbox is an important part of the railway vehicle traction transmission system which ensures the smooth running of railway vehicles. However, as the running speed of railway vehicles continues to increase, the railway vehicle gearbox is exposed to a more demanding operating environment. Under both internal and external excitations, the gearbox is prone to faults such as fatigue cracks, broken teeth, etc. It is crucial to detect these faults before they result in severe failures and accidents. Therefore, understanding the dynamics and fault diagnosis of railway vehicle gearbox is needed. At present, there is a lack of systematic review of railway vehicle gearbox dynamics and fault diagnosis. So, this paper systematically summarizes the research progress on railway vehicle gearbox dynamics and fault diagnosis. To this end, this paper first summarizes the latest research progress on the dynamics of railway vehicle gearboxes. The dynamics and vibration characteristics of the gearbox are summarized under internal and external excitations, as well as faulty conditions. Then, the state-of-the-art signal processing and artificial intelligence methods for fault diagnosis of railway vehicle gearboxes are reviewed. In the end, future research prospects are given.
 
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Car Pooling System
Authors: Kirthiga N , Mohan R , Gowthami P V , Jaswanth V , Kumar Reddy P Sumanth
Published: April 2024

Traffic jams, pollution, and wasteful use of resources are just a few of the transportation-related issues that have arisen as a result of urbanization. Adapting sustainable transportation networks is crucial to address these issues, and carpooling is one of the most important tactics in this effort. To support the development of a sustainable transportation ecology in metropolitan areas, this abstract provides a thorough foundation for a carpooling system. Utilizing contemporary technology such as GPS monitoring, data analytics, and mobile applications, the suggested Carpooling System maximizes vehicle occupancy and reduces travel times by pairing drivers and passengers in the most efficient way possible. Ride-sharing experiences are made easy and convenient by the system's integration of user preferences, including routes, departure hours, and passenger compatibility. To further ease traffic congestion, minimize carbon emissions, and encourage the economical use of transportation resources, the Carpooling System was created with sustainability as its primary goal. The approach promotes widespread adoption and involvement by offering incentives like cost-sharing and awards for eco- friendly behavior. The Carpooling System not only improves the environment but also the social and economic spheres by increasing social connections, encouraging community involvement, and saving consumers money on commuting. The concept helps create more inclusive and resilient metropolitan communities by encouraging a shared mobility culture. The importance of including carpooling in the larger context of sustainable urban mobility is generally highlighted by this abstract. A realistic way forward for livable, equitable, and ecologically conscious cities in the face of rising urbanization and transportation issues is provided by the suggested Carpooling System, which embraces innovation, technology, and cooperative efforts.
Exploring Deep Learning Approaches for Citrus Diseases Detection and Classification: A Review
Authors: Lawal Rukuna Abdullahi , Zambuk F. U. , Gital A. Y. , Muhammad Bello Umar , Danladi Shemang Kaje , Ado Sabongari Nahuru
Published: April 2024

Citrus diseases pose significant threats to global agriculture, impacting crop yield and quality. In recent years the integration of deep learning models has surfaced as a hopeful method for classifying and detecting diseases. This review critically analyzes and synthesizes 25 research works that explore various deep learning models applications in citrus disease detection and classification. The methodology involves a systematic literature search, filtering based on relevance, publication date, and language. The selected works are categorized, and each is analyzed for contributions and limitations. The review identifies limitations, notably the reliance on limited datasets leading to issues of generalization and class imbalance. Data augmentation, while employed, lacks comprehensive evaluation. Practical implementation in real-world agricultural settings remains a challenge, demanding scalable, adaptable, and robust solutions. Future research directions are proposed to address limitations. Emphasis is placed on curating larger and diverse datasets, actively mitigating class imbalance, and rigorously evaluating data augmentation techniques.
An Analytical Study on Rural Development Prospects through Reservation Schemes with Special Reference to Tribal Tea Labourers of the Nilgiris District
Authors: Krishnaveni V. , Raja J. A.
Published: April 2024

Tribal communities are considered to be one of the most vulnerable classes in the global scenario. Despite of the geographical locations, they have common issues that affect their socio economic status in the society. Political and cultural constraints are addressed as the bigger setbacks such vulnerable groups. The study focuses on the awareness and perception of the tribal tea labourers of the Nilgiris district, Tamilnadu. The data gathered through interviews and questionnaires has been analyzed to obtain the results that shows the awareness level of the tribal tea lavourers towards the government beneficial schemes.
IOT Equipped Sustainable Farming: A Review of Applications and Challenges
Authors: Agarwal Meenakshi
Published: April 2024

The rapid population growth is a compelling surge need for food which results in a shift towards smart farming practices. Moreover, agriculture is facing with several issues such as shrinking natural resources, limitation of cultivable land, unpredictable weather conditions, increase in crop diseases. Consequently, the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) are being associated with agriculture to reduce operational efforts while increasing productivity. Radio frequency identification, wireless sensor networks (WSN), cloud computing, end-user apps, and middleware systems are a few of the technologies that are integrated into the Internet of Things. In this paper, numerous applications and challenges of IoT have been discussed. Further, an ecosystem for agriculture is presented which discusses that how IoT is solving different challenges faced by the farmers.
A vallási nevelés szerepe a harmadlagos bűnmegelőzésben
Authors: Hezam Melinda Leila
Published: April 2024

Aim: Since man is a being in search of meaning, religion can be defined as a way of ‘sacral search for meaning’ related to certain events in life. While sacrality is central to some people’s systems of meaning-seeking, it is marginal or not sacral at all in the systems of others. It is clear that religion can be an important guide for the individual, as it can influence one’s understanding of the world and make individual challenges and social conflicts understandable and bearable. As faith, in its mature developmental form, underpins the way religious people live their lives, the sacral search for meaning can also play a crucial role in one’s coping processes. However, the extent to which religion is involved in coping with a particular life event depends to a large extent on the extent to which it is part of an individual’s orientation system. The protective effect of religion in coping is a thesis already recognised by scientific psychology and therefore has an undisputed place in the scientific professional discourse on reintegration. The aim of this paper is to provide scientific evidence for the place and legitimacy of religion in reintegration.Methodology: The research is based on two sub-samples, one religious and one control group. Inclusion in the religious group was based on self-reporting, regardless of whether the subjects of the study had a religious experience in the life period prior to serving their sentence. The data were analysed using SPSS statistical software package.Findings: Juveniles in juvenile detention who self-reported being religious showed a different attitude towards conflict management compared to the control group. This suggests that a framework of cooperation between civil churches, the academic community and decision-makers in custodial institutions could be used to develop a diversified, faith-based reintegration model to increase the effectiveness of efforts to reduce crime.Value: The publication is a gap in the empirical study of religion-based reintegration. The topic is a practical one, but its full exploration requires further research.
A művészet és a hit kapcsolódási lehetőségei büntetés-végrehajtási keretek között
Authors: Kovács Mihály
Published: April 2024

Aim: The penitentiary organisation gives an important role to drama education, prison theatre and the combination of religion and faith with art therapy programmes in order to combat the harms of forced detention in prisons and to reintegrate prisoners into society. The aim of this study is to present the progress made in implementing the above and the art therapy programmes planned for 2024.Methodology: As a practising prison specialist and head of the Incarceration Affairs Service of the Hungarian Prison Service Headquarters, the author has an insight into the range of art therapy programmes offered to prisoners and their practical implementation. During his career, he has been involved in the creation and implementation of several such programmes, both as an implementer and as a supervisor. In preparing this study, he has drawn on his personal experience as well as on the available literature on the subject.Findings: The prison population is very open to different kinds of artistic programmes, and they actively and creatively participate in their implementation. Drama-based theatre programmes, combined with elements of religion and faith, can be clearly integrated into the range of programmes to prepare prisoners for release, sometimes with elements of reparation.Value: Art programmes in prison environments not only help prisoners to reintegrate after release, develop their personality, skills and competences, but are also suitable for sensitising society and reducing prejudices and antipathy towards prisoners.
Van-e kapcsolat a vallásos meggyőződés és a megbánás között? Kutatás hosszúidős fogvatartottak körében
Authors: Tihanyi Miklós , Sivadó Máté , Fekete Márta , Miklósi Márta
Published: April 2024

Aim: To examine what characterises the religiosity of those offenders sentenced to long prison terms who actively participate in religious practice in prison and how these characteristics affect the crime committed and the judgment of punishment.Methodology: With the National Command of the Penitentiary Organisation’s permission, authors interviewed 16 inmates in three penal institutions. All of them have been serving more than 15 years in prison and, according to the prison chaplain, are actively involved in religious practices. The interview questions were created based on preconceived narratives, and then these narratives were analysed. Based on the analyses, authors determined what characterises the religiosity of the interview subjects and their perception of the crime they committed and their punishment. Finally, authors compared the correlations between different characteristics of religiosity with perceptions of the act and the judgment.Findings: Those who live their faith more deeply take responsibility in a typical way, most of them do not even dispute the extent of the punishment. In the case of those who admit their responsibility, the motive of regret also appears, which has a solid religious charge. This is indicated by the fact that all those who admit their actions and show remorse have the motive of a desire for forgiveness. A positive and closer connection between the quality of religious faith and responsibility is indicated by the fact that those prisoners who are characterised by scepticism towards religiosity admit to committing the act but do not show remorse. It also leads to the conclusion that those more characterised by formal faith either denied their act or did not talk about it.Value: Atonement appearing in forgiveness can positively influence the achievement of punishment goals. According to literature data, forgiveness and reconciliation significantly reduce the likelihood of recidivism. This is true for almost all directions of forgiveness. For the forgiveness of the victim as well as the forgiveness of the offender towards others. Therefore, it can be assumed that the motives of repentance and forgiveness in religiosity work against becoming a recidivist.
The Unusual Brightness Phase Curve of (65803) Didymos
Authors: Hasselmann P. H. , Della Corte V. , Pravec P. , Ieva S. , Gai I. , Perna D. , Deshapriya J. D. P. , Mazzotta-Epifani E. , Dotto E. , Zinzi A. , Poggiali G. , Bertini I. , Lucchetti A. , Pajola M. , Beccarelli J. , Dall’Ora M. , Li J.-Y. , Ivanovski S. L. , Rossi A. , Brucato J. R. , Thomas C. A. , Barnouin O. , Sunshine J. M. , Rivkin A. S. , Amoroso M. , Capannolo A. , Caporali S. , Ceresoli M. , Cremonese G. , Daly R. T. , Impresario G. , Lasagni-Manghi R. , Lavagna M. , Modenini D. , Palmer E. E. , Palumbo P. , Pirrotta S. , Tortora P. , Zannoni M. , Zanotti G.
Published: April 2024

On 2022 September 26, NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) successfully hit Dimorphos, the smaller companion of the binary system formed with the asteroid (65803) Didymos. Both the binary system and the impact event were imaged by the Light Italian Cubesat for Imaging of Asteroids, detached from DART 15 days before the impact. Images from the onboard LUKE red, green, and blue camera together with ground-based observations enabled the reconstruction of Didymos's brightness phase curve, with phase angles ranging from 2.35° to 107.7°. The opposition effect regime was studied using the exponential-linear equation, the “Shevchenko” function and the linear-by-parts model while the IAU-official HG1G2 magnitude system was applied to the full phase curve. The opposition effect indicates an unusual asteroid surface for an S type, with characteristics similar to M-type asteroids. While the HG1G2 parameters from the full phase curve place Didymos well among asteroids of the taxonomic C complex. Didymos’s phase curve parameters when compared to near-Earth asteroids are very close to the Q type (1862) Apollo, indicating possible depletion of fine submicrometric grains through resurfacing. Didymos's geometric albedo (0.15 ± 0.01) is reported to be 30%–45% smaller than the average geometric albedo for near-Earth S types (0.26 ± 0.04). We propose that Didymos might be an LL ordinary chondrite analog containing albedo-suppressing, shock-darkened/impact melt minerals that have undergone resurfacing processes in the past. A comparison with meteorites indicates that, less likely, Didymos could also contain materials analog to carbon-bearing brecciated L3 ordinary chondrites.
The Distribution of Impactor Core Material During Large Impacts on Earth-like Planets
Authors: Itcovitz Jonathan P. , Rae Auriol S. P. , Davison Thomas M. , Collins Gareth S. , Shorttle Oliver
Published: April 2024

Large impacts onto young rocky planets may transform their compositions, creating highly reducing conditions at their surfaces and reintroducing highly siderophile metals to their mantles. Key to these processes is the availability of an impactor’s chemically reduced core material (metallic iron). It is, therefore, important to constrain how much of an impactor’s core remains accessible to a planet’s mantle/surface, how much is sequestered to its core, and how much escapes. Here, we present 3D simulations of such impact scenarios using the shock physics code iSALE to determine the fate of impactor iron. iSALE’s inclusion of material strength is vital in capturing the behavior of both solid and fluid components of the planet and thus characterizing iron sequestration to the core. We find that the mass fractions of impactor core material that accretes to the planet core (f
core) or escapes (f
esc) can be readily parameterized as a function of a modified specific impact energy, with

f

core

>

f

esc

for a wide set of impacts. These results differ from previous works that do not incorporate material strength. Our work shows that large impacts can place substantial reducing impactor core material in the mantles of young rocky planets. Impact-generated reducing atmospheres may thus be common for such worlds. However, through escape and sequestration to a planet’s core, large fractions of an impactor’s core can be geochemically hidden from a planet’s mantle. Consequently, geochemical estimates of late bombardments of planets based on mantle siderophile element abundances may be underestimates.
Mitochondrial genome data provide insights into the phylogenetic relationships within Triplophysa dalaica (Kessler, 1876) (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae)
Authors: Meng Hao , Wang Yingnan , Qiao Ge-Xia , Chen Jun
Published: April 2024

Due to the detrimental effect of formaldehyde on DNA, ethanol has replaced formalin as the primary preservative for animal specimens. However, short-term formalin fixation of specimens might be applied during field collection. In an increasing number of studies, DNA extraction and sequencing have been successfully conducted from formalin-fixed specimens. Here the DNA from five specimens of Triplophysa dalaica (Kessler, 1876) were extracted and performed high-throughput sequencing. Four of the specimens underwent short-term fixation with formalin and were subsequently transferred to ethanol. One was continuously stored in ethanol. No significant difference of DNA quality and amount were observed among these samples. Followed by assembly and annotation, five mitochondrial genomes ranging in length from 16,569 to 16,572 bp were obtained. Additionally, previously published data of other individuals or species were included to perform phylogenetic analyses. In the reconstructed trees, all eight individuals of T. dalaica form a monophyletic group within the Triplophysa branch. The group is divided into three clades: (1) samples from the Yellow River, (2) those from the Yangtze River, and (3) those from the Haihe River, and the Lake Dali Nur. This study sheds initial light on the phylogeographic relationships among different populations of T. dalaica, and will support the research about its evolutionary history in the future.
Stoicism and Cognitive Strategies for Nursing Professional Development
Authors: Schimmels JoEllen , Schneider Jennifer , Bucher Kathryn K. , Coty Mary-Beth
Published: April 2024

Background:

Nurse educators are experiencing a vocational crisis, and the unsustainable rate at which nurses are leaving the profession impacts the health of the nation. Nurse educators, including academic and professional development faculty and preceptors, need skills to manage the complex academic and clinical environments. This article describes the development of a course for nurse educators and preceptors around Stoicism and cognitive strategies, describes the perceived takeaways of one group of learners who experienced the course, and offers recommendations for the use of this content.

Method:

This course was evaluated with survey data from 23 nurse educators for demographic information and use of strategies after an educational course.

Results:

Participants identified several specific takeaways from the training that could be incorporated into their personal, teaching, and clinical practices. Themes included emotional regulation, using the cognitive triangle, and managing stress in emotionally charged situations with patients and colleagues through creating a healthy emotional distance to better evaluate situations.

Conclusion:

Stoicism and cognitive strategies are important additions to nurse educator personal and professional development.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2024;55(8):378–386.]
Do-Not-Hospitalize Orders in Assisted Living Facilities: Direct Care Workers' Perspectives
Authors: Dancis Alanna
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

To gather sufficient qualitative data to create an intervention that would prevent direct care workers (DCWs) from sending residents with do-not-hospitalize (DNH) orders to the hospital.

Method:

This was a qualitative study with eight participants that included a descriptive survey followed by semi-structured interviews.

Results:

DCWs were unfamiliar with DNH orders and their thinking on end-of-life care was binary (hospice or hospital) and protocol driven. However, supportive leaders were able to help DCWs problem-solve these complicated scenarios. Results were mixed on whether having a RN on site was helpful.

Conclusion:

DCWs may benefit from having access to a nurse with palliative care experience when making decisions about residents with DNH orders. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50
(4), 11–15.]
Fluoroscopy-Assisted Computer Navigation Accurately Determines Cup Position and Leg Length for Anterior Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Kitziger Raymond L. , Dugan Annie L. , Waddell Bradford S. , Kitziger Kurt J. , Peters Paul C. , Gladnick Brian P.
Published: April 2024

Background:

Recently, fluoroscopy-assisted computer navigation has been developed to assess intraoperative cup inclination/anteversion and leg-length discrepancy (LLD) in the operating room. However, there is a relative dearth of studies investigating the accuracy of this software compared with postoperative radiographs.

Materials and Methods:

We prospectively enrolled 211 navigated anterior total hip arthroplasties using fluoroscopy-assisted computer navigation software. Intraoperative navigated measurements were compared with postoperative anteroposterior radiographs to assess accuracy of cup inclination/anteversion and LLD. Continuous variables were analyzed using the Student's
t
test, and categorical variables were analyzed using Fisher's exact test.

Results:

On postoperative radiographs, 94.3% of cups (199 of 211) were positioned within the Lewinnek “safe zone,” compared with 99.1% navigated intraoperatively (
P
=.01). Eighty-two percent of hips (174 of 211) were navigated intraoperatively to LLDs within ±2 mm; on postoperative radiographs, 65% of hips (138 of 211) had LLDs within ±2 mm (
P
=.0001). Intraoperatively, 100% of hips (211 of 211) were navigated to LLDs within ±5 mm; similarly, on postoperative radiographs, 98% of hips (207 of 211) had LLDs within ±5 mm (
P
=.12).

Conclusion:

A novel fluoroscopy-assisted computer navigation platform accurately assessed intraoperative cup position and LLD during anterior total hip arthroplasty. Careful attention to fluoroscopic technique, positioning of radiographic landmarks, and knowledge of the limitations of fluoroscopy, including parallax effect, are important concepts that surgeons should incorporate into their decision algorithm. [
Orthopedics
. 2024;47(4):e174–e180.]
Existence and stability results of nonlinear swelling equations with logarithmic source terms
Authors: Kafini Mohammad , Al-Gharabli Mohammad M. , Al-Mahdi Adel M.
Published: April 2024

We considered a swelling porous-elastic system characterized by two nonlinear variable exponent damping and logarithmic source terms. Employing the Faedo-Galerkin method, we established the local existence of weak solutions under suitable assumptions on the variable exponents functions. Furthermore, we proved the global existence utilizing the well-depth method. Finally, we established several decay results by employing the multiplier method and the Logarithmic Sobolev inequality. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first study addressing swelling systems with logarithmic source terms.
L’expression des normes de genre et d’orientation sexuelle dans la réhabilitation des mineur·e·s en privation de liberté
Authors: Crégut Fabrice , Durand Julie
Published: April 2024

Cette recherche s’intéresse à la façon dont l’expression des normes de genre et d’orientation sexuelle interagit avec la réhabilitation des mineur·e·s en privation de liberté. Elle explore la façon dont les constructions sociales liées à ces problématiques sont manifestées dans des centres de détention pour garçons et pour filles à Bogota en Colombie. Elle met en évidence les champs de tensions qui existent entre une approche non-discriminatoire prônée par les politiques institutionnelles face à une approche individualisée et inclusive de la réhabilitation des mineur·e·s.
La cérémonie du 24 avril en France
Authors: Lagadic Ronan
Published: April 2024

L’article entend décrire l’organisation type de la cérémonie de commémoration du génocide arménien du 24 avril pour les villes à forte communauté d’origine arménienne, en s’intéressant principalement à Paris, Lyon, Marseille et Valence. Ces villes et leur périphérie ont en commun d’être à la fois les lieux de peuplement de descendants d’Arméniens les plus importants en France, avec une présence religieuse forte, mais aussi pour Paris, Lyon et Marseille des lieux évidents de visibilité nationale. En s’appuyant sur la presse quotidienne régionale et la presse arménienne d’expression française, et sans s’appesantir sur les nuances locales non signifiantes, il s’agit de proposer une description de la commémoration du 24 avril, pour mettre en avant son aspect fortement rituel, vecteur de mémoire et ressource identitaire au-delà de la simple revendication. Dans cette optique, la commémoration du 24 avril fusionne une symbolique religieuse arménienne et une symbolique républicaine française héritée de la commémoration du 11 novembre.
Une proposition éducative holistique pour retrouver le sens de son unité
Authors: Boelen Virginie
Published: April 2024

On ne fait jamais une thèse par hasard. Elle est le résultat d’un parcours de vie au-delà d’un parcours académique. Cet article expose les grandes lignes d’une thèse en éducation qui mobilise et met en dialogue l’écosophie, les savoirs autochtones et l’écoformation autour d’une proposition éducative holistique qui vise l’autodétermination du jeune dans sa reconnexion à la Nature-territoire pour le développement d’une identité écologique au fondement d’une éthique de la Terre. Il sera question d’exposer la genèse d’une telle thèse construite sur le paradigme de la transdisciplinarité pour ensuite souligner la pertinence d’une pédagogie écoformatice face à la crise écologique planétaire, mettant en exergue l’adage d’Edgar Morin selon lequel la vraie nouveauté naît toujours dans le retour aux sources.
Le dispositif EVASAN de Mayotte vers La Réunion
Authors: Lotte Hoareau Lynda , Béliard Aude , Pourette Dolorès , Cottereau Victoire , Gabarro Céline , Tibi-Lévy Yaël
Published: April 2024

Ce texte s’intéresse au dispositif d’évacuations sanitaires (EVASAN) de patients au départ de Mayotte vers l’Île de La Réunion en interrogeant le rôle des différents acteurs engagés dans ce dispositif particulier qui mobilise des pratiques et des compétences professionnelles spécifiques dans un contexte géopolitique et sanitaire contraint. La situation géographique de ces deux départements français d’Outre-Mer, ainsi que leur proximité dans la zone Océan Indien, autorisent un accès aux soins pour la population de Mayotte, à travers ces circulations thérapeutiques quotidiennes qui nécessitent un accompagnement et une coordination des parcours de soins souvent complexes. Cet article identifie et qualifie les contraintes multiples et enchevêtrées – d’ordre organisationnel, relationnel, structurel, politique et administratif – qui orientent les pratiques des professionnels impliqués dans le parcours sanitaire des patients. Nous nous intéressons aux retentissements de ces contraintes sur leur travail et mettons en évidence les adaptations, arrangements et ressources qu’ils déploient pour faire fonctionner le dispositif.
Search Optimization With AI
Authors: Basak Subhankar , Das Shreya , Roy Rinki Singha , Hazra Rupam , Chatterjee Parag
Published: April 2024

Natural language processing, or NLP, can be used to produce information, knowledge or content by understanding the meaning of words, sentences, and texts. Modern search technology has been transformed by NLP, which makes it possible to provide more precise, pertinent, and customized search results. Search engines can interpret natural language queries, comprehend user intent, provide tailored results, and overcome language barriers by utilizing NLP techniques. By examining previous search queries, click-through rates, and user reviews, NLP-enabled search engines can comprehend context and search trends. Personalized search results and recommendations that are in line with the user's particular needs are then provided using this information. By continuously learning and adapting to user behavior, search technology using NLP can provide a more intuitive and satisfying search experience. This chapter outlines fundamentals of NLP, which is required in search optimization. The latest trends in search optimization with AI are also discussed in depth with future challenges and opportunities.
Digitization Projects for Cultural Heritage Materials
Authors: Taj Amreen , Gala Bhakti
Published: April 2024

The integration of AI technologies into digital libraries holds significant promise for improving content discovery, accessibility, and usability, of knowledge and information. The goal of this chapter is to present an overview of digitization projects of Arabic, Persian, and Urdu manuscripts in India, with a further exploration of the process and guidelines of digitization and uncovering of best practices for ensuring discovery, accessibility, and long-term digital preservation. Additionally, the study identified the challenges and seeks to provide recommendations for future research in this field. Design/methodology/approach: To investigate diverse objectives, the researchers employed the qualitative case study method. the study employed semi-structured interviews, observation, and content analysis of library records. The findings of the study indicate both the National Mission on Manuscripts and the Punjab Digital Library successfully digitized more than a million pages, encompassing materials from over 100 different institutions across India.
Digital Transformation of Academic Libraries
Authors: T. Raja , Leo A. Michael J. , R. Ramkumar , Suraj T. Anto Michael
Published: April 2024

Academic libraries are essential for providing information services to the user community. Historical initiatives have been implemented to establish these libraries based on recommendations from commissions on education. The chapter discusses the digital transformation of academic libraries, focusing on automation, digital library services, digital reference services, INFLIBNET services, digital initiatives in India for higher education, artificial intelligence in libraries, and resource digitization.
Mathematical Modeling Applied to Produce Sustainable Electricity from Hydro and Wind Power Instead of Fossil Fuel to Reduce Acid Rain
Authors: Afrin Sadia , Islam Md. , Nazib Kazi , Reza D.S.A. Aashiqur , Biswas Md. Haider Ali
Published: April 2024

Fossil fuel usage for power generation has been associated to several harmful environmental impacts, such as the release of greenhouse gases and the production of acid rain. As a more sustainable option, utilizing renewable energy sources, such as hydro and wind power, has gained popularity in recent years. In 2020, approximately 4500 TWh and 1600 TWh of global electricity were generated from hydropower and wind power worldwide respectively. This proves, both wind and hydroelectric power have a great deal of potential for producing electricity sustainably. Moreover, using these renewable energies can significantly reduce acid rain. SO2 (Sulphur Dioxide) and NO (Nitrogen oxide) emissions from burning fossil fuels combine with atmospheric water vapor generates H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) and HNO3 (nitric acid), what causes acid rain. Acid rain can be reduced by using hydroelectric and wind energy instead of fossil fuels. This study points out the benefits of using hydro and wind power for eco-friendly electricity production and minimizing acid rain. A five-compartmental mathematical model included hydropower (H), wind power (W), fossil fuel (F), acid rain (A) and electricity (E) has been investigated here. The qualitative analysis of the model refers that, using hydro and wind power makes sustainable production of electricity easier and reduces acid rain.
Green Synthesis, Hybridization of SiO2 by Alkaline -Acid Leaching Method and their Optical and Structural Properties Using Rice Husk and Anogeissus leiocarpus Extract
Authors: Olaniyan Olayinka J. , Dare Enock O. , Alonge Temitope O. , Oladoyinbo Fatai F. , Israel David Oluwaseyi , Akiode Olubunmi Kolawole
Published: April 2024

Silicon oxide is widely used as a thin film to improve the surface properties of materials, because it is of anti-resistance, hardness, corrosion resistance, dielectric, optical transparency and high delivery property etc. Therefore. Recent growing interest and efforts of scientists in this area are due to vitality in achievement of a better quality of life and health care for human beings, designing novel methods of making them more effective through hybridization with silver nanoparticles. Hence the need for nanoparticles capable of transmitting light with an ‘enhanced’ optical property for optoelectronics. In this study, silica was extracted from rice husk ash (RHA) using alkaline/acid leaching method, the AgNps was synthesized from Anogeissus leiocarpus extract using water extraction process, while the hybridization of silica with AgNps was carried out using in-situ and co-mixing method. Characterization was achieved using UV-Visible to confirmed the presence of silica at 290 nm, 291 nm, and 295 nm at different time intervals of 0, 60, 90. Changes in intensities of the bands indicate perfect hybridization with an enhancement in optical property. The XRD pattern of the silica-silver nanoparticles showed crystalline peaks at 2θ = 22.0o, 26.5o,29.5o 41o, which have been keenly indexed as face centred cubic Ago nanocrystals arising from Anogeissus leiocarpus extract. The increase in absorbance value of silica from (0.5 to 1.45, 1.50 respectively) confirms the improvement in optical properties of silica due to presence of AgNPs. The SEM analysis revealed the cap shaped spherical morphology and uniform size distribution of the nanohybrids within the range of 18.20 nm. Capping obtained is an evidence of organic matter in the plant extract. The percentage elemental compositions of Ag, Si, C and O in the nanohybrids were revealed by EDX analysis where Ag and Si are dominant. Therefore, silica-silver nanocomposite can be used as improved raw material in optical, ceramics and other relevant industries.
Design and Development of an Autonomous Air Quality Monitoring Drone
Authors: Hossain Sahadat , Helal Al , Ahsan Md. Shamim , Hasan Kazi Mahmud , Maniruzzaman Md. , Kabir Md. Enamul
Published: April 2024

Air quality monitoring of any specific location is important for continuous improvement of air quality and protecting public health. We demonstrate the design and development of an autonomous copter-type air quality monitoring drone to measure the amount of CO2 and CO present in the ambient air of any desired trajectory. We also measured the temperature, pressure, and humidity of the surrounding air. The proposed low cost drone is small in size, light weight, easy to maintain, and capable of flying a long distance. In addition to autonomous control, the proposed drone can be manually controlled using a long-range remote controller. The maximum altitude of the drone from the ground control station is approximately 500 m, whereas the maximum velocity is 50 km/hour. During air quality monitoring, we collected the air quality data from 1 feet to 200 feet with 20 feet interval where the average velocity of the drone was 5.4 km/hour. We selected three different locations for data collection. Afterwards, we analyzed the collected data and determined the primary causes of variation in the CO2 and CO concentration of various locations under different altitudes. We strongly believe that, the proposed drone will be useful for collecting location specific air quality information and taking necessary actions to reduce air pollution.
Using Silica Shell to Improve the Surface of Magnetite Prepared by Biosynthesis Method
Authors: Abdallah Rusul Mohammed , Al-Haddad Raad M.S. , Mohammed Aws K.
Published: April 2024

The combined of superparamagnetic properties (magnetite) and surface characteristics (silica), can produce structures with multiple capacities. The preparation of such magnetite-silica core-shell nanoparticles involves high costs in their execution and longer time. In this work, Fe3O4@SiO2 CSNPs were synthesized in two stages to control their size and the possibility of adjusting their characteristics. First, Fe3O4 NPs were synthesized by a green method using carob leaf extract, then coating the magnetite nanoparticles with a silica layer was done by using Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as a silica precursor. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), Fourier transform infrared, and vibrating sample magnetometer techniques were used to characterize the magnetite-silica CSNPs. TEM images confirms that Fe3O4NPS and Fe3O4@SiO2 CSNPs synthesized had a spherical shape and were within 9 and 17 nm. The average crystallite sizes of the synthesized Fe3O4 NPs and Fe3O4@SiO2CSNPs were found to be 17.8 nm and 20 nm. The VSM indicated that the magnetization decreased due to being coated with silica.
Culture as Unfolding Process: Integrating Perspectives in Building a Theory
Authors: Praslova Ludmila
Published: April 2024

Current theory and research in culture and psychology produced multiple definitions and conceptualizations of culture. This paper reviews several approaches to understanding culture and introduces an integrative model of Culture as Unfolding Process (CUP) as a way of integrating insights from several perspectives. The model highlights mechanisms of cultural change and stability, and provides a versatile framework for understanding culture on multiple levels.
Hybrid CNN Approach for Unknown Attack Detection in Edge-Based IoT Networks
Authors: Papalkar Rahul Rajendra , Alvi Abrar S
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: In the constantly growing Internet of Things (IoT), device security is crucial. As IoT gadgets pervade our lives, detecting unforeseen assaults is crucial to protecting them. Behavioral analysis, machine learning, and collaborative intelligence may be needed to protect against new dangers. This short discusses the need of detecting unexpected IoT attacks and essential security strategies for these interconnected environments.OBJECTIVES: This research uses the BoT-IoT dataset to create an enhanced IoT intrusion detection system. The goals are to optimize a CNN architecture for effective pattern recognition, address imbalanced data, and evaluate model performance using precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC-ROC measures. Improving IoT ecosystem reliability and security against unknown assaults is the ultimate goal.METHODS: The proposed methods use the BoT-IoT dataset to create a comprehensive IoT intrusion detection system. This involves tuning a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture to improve pattern recognition. Oversampling and class weighting address imbalanced data issues. RESULTS: The comprehensive evaluation of our innovative unknown attack detection method shows promise, suggesting it may be better than existing methods. A high accuracy, precision, recall, and f-measure of 98.23% were attained using an advanced model and feature selection methods. This achievement was achieved by using features designed to identify unknown attacks in the dataset, proving the proposed methodology works.CONCLUSION: This research presents an improved IoT Intrusion Detection System using the BoT-IoT dataset. The optimised Convolutional Neural Network architecture and imbalanced data handling approaches achieved 98.23% accuracy.